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ɹ
ߣʲʹ

ݼ飺
磬ɻޱߵ棬޾ʱգΪƿأΪɹ
ɻ֮£ͳȺɣţɣ½磬ֱ磬޹࣬ӣū
˵ϣ񷨵ɭȻȫһһļԦͳ֮С
ҿСƾ콵Ӵ̤ϵ֮·





001 
˷֮ڡ
ڣߴң˵Լʥͳ֮⣬ҶַأݳۣΪӴ
ңߴҵ֮һǧ̾ϣӵйĵλԼޱߵȨơ
ҳ󣬲ĺŹӣһū
ūϣΪūϲݽ
ɽҩ԰ִ£ÿĲʹҩ԰Ѿʱźߣ˵Ĳǲ
źҩһҲźɣҪҹæµֲˮ棬ŪһЩ滨ݴʱͻлήֻһʱժװ˷ѡ
۷һ⣬𿴹ִܵ¶Ҫܵĳͷû˸ҵְء
һİҹʱ֣ӱ·ִƣ䣬Ѳ԰¼ƿ˳ȥ
ĺ쬵عţһ
ͷַֻߺ˺üڣŲ߽ããҹĻС
úɽ׽𵶵԰ס
λ磬롣ùأԼƣԼõѲ԰¼
ôˣôһ˷ӲԶڷ˳
շǺɽҩ԰֮һ˶ƺΪ¡
£Ǽ׳ҩ԰ִҪɽѲ԰¼ĿӹƣѲ԰¼ת߳ķ¡
ȥʮҹʱ̣Ѫû׳԰ֵĳѪѾ´˸ǷԼȡһ¼¹շ㸺ļ׳԰УһʮöѪժǧǵòҪմȾ˵̴ɽᣬЩɶҪϹõģʧ
Ȼһ˯ģ˵֮䣬԰ӵ䣬һҲ
£;ܷĺˣֲǸëˡЦЦԷ˵
ţҲίΣѪԵʣˣɽȥɡһ䣬֪ǰںѲɽӣС
ǡӦŵ

ӦŵڵɽС·ʯȵȸ춯
ҩɽĲиʵɭޱȣĴɻ󣬽ʻۣȵȵȵŷɥĻ壬Լصɱ˱ͼǱ룬ȡұͻᱻЩɱ˱ɷѣࡣ
дķܹŴȥ
ɽ·ߣԼһʱԼļ׳԰ǰ
һĶС԰ů뵣̺죬ೣֶв滨ݣһ˱ǣ϶ˣʾ˷ǳԶݺŨҩ
Щ滨ݵУעĿҪмʮͨ滨ǿʴҶӼ䣬԰һö·ŹâĻ顣
ǳѪ˵ӵã鵤֮˳һöͿԵ壬̱Ԫȥ͸֣ȵһǾܲ˵ġ
һóѪļƷҩѪ󵤡óѪ٣ϽǣɽѩȵȶζҩƶɣϰƵķҲΪӣһöȥʮĹͨĸ֣Ҳͳ
Ҵ壬񣬾Ϊӵ鵤ҩջ֣ۺ񣬵еЧͣҪ̫ס
ЩһɵһҪ͵Եĳ嶯뵽Ҳֻܴ󵨵ͷΪ֪ÿһöѪԼСҪ󣬶ҳѪҪϼζҩһɵҩܵ壬̱Ԫκƾֱӳȥɵڷɱ
ֲøҪϸִг͢ķϽЩū͵˽䣬ʶ֣Ϊҩ԰ֻҪ԰վУ飬¾ͻҲױò֣ҩɽֵƵҩҪǲ֣Ǿ̫Σˡ
Щӣвɬ
ᷳıӣ˲ū͵ͷÿÿЩĶһΪµʹ̰һ㡣
ΪҵūͣСţܵ˺£ܵѵǹҲǲΪҰ£ΪҹһС
ıڵû
Ϊūͣɼ
ѹеͷһůĵط£ȴժѪʱ
ú󣬿ͻȻһŨ㡣
ͨĳѪҶʼԿɼٶھһ𣬽ؽ¶ġ顱
¹ʯӳںʯϣɢһֵʹ⻪ʮöʯԶյǳԶ䣬ҫˡ
ſƮԽԽŨңҶĻ飬Ҳط仯Ȼͬȼһ㣬ˡžͬҶһ𣬹һͰ͵İ¡
ںˡ
״æվСʶϹ٣ʮöѪս䡣
Щɵóһѹͷฺͷųȥˣ˶Ե˼֡
ѪͬСɣÿһöƹ̱ԪҩϺòϣΪʵǿ֣˵൱޴ĲƸЩҵľ޴ƸǸ֣һĸңѰĲʹǰˡ
ţھ͸ɽˣ󣬻ݸǱѵĺá


002 
شݶϣů紺ϮʱҲкʱһˮڻ⣬ڶܽټϷʪϰůȱѩĶ컹Ҫĥˡ
ҹûסϺůһ·ֶŵɽߣĴҴҡ
úͰѲժĳѪ͵ⷿˣһɵԼסȥ
ϡҹûƣһߣһŽ֣Ȼ뵽ժЩѪԼҩ԰Ѿû˹ҩӣԸɡ
ʹһɣͿڳʱʶˡȻϹϣ׼Щ飬лҲ͵ѧǣܲľͱʵָһӶɫԷɡ
¹ҫŴأںд֣һߣһ˼ţʾ˲ͬһū͵˼롣
͵͵Ľ
׵ʱżȻõһ˶ʶֶȤܴӲѧǣһЩιʵֱĴһζҡ
ʱʮӣȴʱʱ̿ҪɣҪ۵ģԼûǸȥȡ֮ǰΨһѡ񣬾ֻܹͣ͵ˣ
ţ͵͵䣬飬ǮܵùԺ취ıųȥׯ԰ܵʱ򣬾ͿԼˡ
Լľ
ʱСһ֡
ɽأķڶ춼ѪҶӣһ㣬ֵʱͻȻһ
ң÷죬·ħҡ裬¶һֲֿա
ء
ءء
ҡڵķУ޵Ĺ
ʲô֣а
Ǻһ㣬ү}ˣˣֱҪһͷƤըҪսҲӿ˼֣ЩͷƤĸо
ͻȻĺ©˼ģ͵ת㿴һӰԼӰͷ綷·һĿֲףͭͻҪѪ
ʲôˣһͺȵȴһţǸˣ
ҹķͻȻܳһˣֱΪ˶ȴֿ壬ʲôǸͷɢͷˡ
һϮ£ò£ƣͬһͷϣɢżƬɿݵķҶһذڷ£˸оЩ㤵ǣϣѪŨīҵĲݵϣ˫Բɣû˿Ȼʱ
֣ҶҡȻĹ¹͸Ҷ϶ʬϣ¶һֲֿգʱ˵۾һ·ܿվ
ҶӰӣҡҷ·Ӱ󣬸ղΪкӰƮԭȴۻ
֪ԼǰͻȻһˣǽסͷƤ飬һɺβ׵ǿʼһֱűӿ
ôˣңģ
ʱſ˵ı󣬲һ֧
֧ҾǾװľ綾ʸһ֧ССļʸϣʮ̣壬總֮ң԰γ
ӿµǣּʸŴ֮ĵ̣ľ綾ܹѪʴϢֶԵֵһʱͻᶾ
ֹ䶾õҩģҲ˵ֶͷһ۱˳
׼ɽ͵ҩ˻壬Ҫֲʶ·ҴͶģͻȻˣǴһģţ²˵ҩ԰ɲô״ģķųɾŶѾ˻ʡ
ڸô죿ȥԼ͵͵ذˣˣ飬ҾûҪˣû˿ȷһ˲˵
ԥһڻ׳ӣȥڻ
¼ϣԼ鷳·ˣȴ̲ס뷢һʺƣԣû˿һ˲ƾߡ
ھϣҩɽջ
ЩʧǣĶһЩϸֻмʻݡ
⼸ݣȻŸոմɽϲãʣʲôƷ֣õȥҲ˼Ǯпܱ˻ɣ׷Դͷ޾鷳
õȥҲûʲôôЩҩĶҩΪҩӵģʳûʲôôһЩ߱ԡ
겻ûɽôͱʸˣװ׶ǲֵҡҡͷΪ˵̾
ţʲô
ʱȻĿһĶ
ʬϷһƺһڲֻϿšɽš͡ӡС׭ǳۡ
ţӡţšߴ֮һŵŰ
⼸֣ɵôһ
ѵͷʿ


003 콵
Ϊūͣںɽҩ԰˰ִ£ֲҩⲻ˺ϲĻܴ򽻵Ҳ֪һЩܣͨˣʶ㷺˲֪ٱ
֮£Ī֮Īǳ˵ļʶȴ֪һ춯صĴܣ֮ܿܿϣ磬ɣĹǿգ磬ȵȵȵȣ½飬硣
ֻ֮֮УǧеĲ׺һڣþһһҲ޷֮̽һϺ΢
ͺñȴذϺңԱشﲩ˷ǧų쳯ϰݣҲֻǳǧ֮һ
һҲ޷ξ޿ݣҲֻǴ磬ϻıĮԭĴ룬ݣ绹½ʱѷ죬ʱա
½ʱѷ죬ʱյĴ磬ҲֻǿգУǧ֮һ
֪䣬ƿ߲׻ȨڻȨ֮ϵɣʵϱͳ磬ڱƿš
Ǵߴ֮ף˵Ŀ̫棬еһϣͨ󣬷ޱߣƾһ֮ǧΪΪ۵Ļҵ
ܹ֮ʢǧ겻˥ֱǰֽٲȻ֮ҲΪŵӡ
ҵ棬ΪͻͽĵλҲˮǴߣȻͨ飬ΪϣҲʢ
ңУŵϺŵŷҲһЩŷ϶ʵҡ
Ҳֻ׵磬Ѽ徭Ӫȥ
Ҳ֪ʿͬСɣԵڷ˵ĻϣˣӦǻû쾳ŵӣҲֻĵӣŻᾭߣ̰ײ
ͨһ㣬ȥʱ
Һûбȥ˵ݣմһ㶼鷳ܹеġ
һ󣬲ṵ̂ͼСƣСذݷŻԭƽۼĿƺͲϣȴֲɵһ£¶ԥӵ顣
ˣٷã֮շҪˣǰǴΪ
ΪԼŽڣ
𲼇ʱĲؿΪ֪Ⲽʲô
޵˳ɱССһȴڲǬ޿㡣
ǻϣıЩҩֵһᡣ
סмµػصסСغŴ
һСͨҺڣƳǳôҲҲڴ򿪣ȴôԼָһѪȥǾѪķţַơ
ȻһѪȥ֮޷ĴʱŹ⻪Զ⿪ڣֳͨ
涼ʲô
һѽĶ˳ʱ䣬䶼ý磬ۡ
ȫԤϣǰģȻһѼֵƵĽƱֻ
ģʱؿԳ֡
ֱˣԭΪǴȴû뵽ʵȫ෴
ЩǴĽƱб棬鱦ֻȫֵǮıҷˣǷˣĪͷвǣרŸǮĲɣôĲƱҾҲܹһ̣ңڵعһˣ
еĽƱǴΪóⷢеģֵɻҵƱˣ֮ңͨ
ҲֵǮĶΪǱǹõҲӵо޴ļֵ
ο˿ֱӶһĽƱͱԹ۵ʯֻ棬ܣжֱ޷㡣
ؿǷˣ׵׵طˣ
˼ʱ䣬ŵ壬ôһССĴУƱƱֵǮĶֵȻһǧᡣ
Ķֵùƣһʱ֮䣬飬ҲûжٵȤһǧᣬҲѾ˵һ൱˵֡
һǧᣬ൱ڶǮ
Ȼ͵͵ʶ֣ȴЩ֪Թ˸ǮĴǡᡱһǧᣬǶٸļҲ
һǧһǧ
ô˵ĲƸԼڿʼͻӽӻҲꡣ
һǧľ޴ƸѾԸıԼǰ;ˡ
ңǳ׵׵ĸı䡣
ôˣһ굽ͷٺ»ͣ죬ҲʮѣǮһȡûʲôɱȵİ
һŤ˵ĹŹ֡
ʺƣʵ̫̫ҿǳ׷ˣ
붼û취ȥˣģѾȫҳһ飬·𿴵Ľ檣ʳȨƣⱦУͬʱҲ̺ΣգвԼ㽫ǡ
˵ɽҰ񣬶òƲ¶׵صԼӵеǮƣǲñ֪ģһ֪
æеĲջشУСղ
ţʲô
лңⴢ𣬲غõʱͻȻ֮䣬һԼߣһСӴ˳
Сͨ£ص⼣ΧƺһŶ֪꣬ڽ䡣
СһҲûпʲôŵȻü͹Ŷȴ֪ʿղأͬСɡ
ˣԺ㡣˼
ʱָϵһѪմСϣСŹ⻪İ߰⼣׷װ䣬¶˱ò


004 С
ţ֣ôͻȻͱ˸
ʱſ֪С棬̻΢С֮·һһӶصͼڡ
Щͼڣе棬еĽǣҺ֣еβеββϡŹ֣ȫû˵ޣҪ˵гǵ֡
Щ޳˳֮⣬Ҳǧٹ֣ее֦̾ͷеˮеɽеͷ˻𣬸ָ̬
ٿСϵͼڣ֮⣬һЩߴɽ֦ѾïһľڿУһĸƼҲ̾ɽӵĸ٣һĻ䡭滨ݡ
ͬʱһЩŹӣ·Զԭʼڳơ
Щеͷۣеüۣеĸɽеı˫еȫޱȣʼҲضá
⣬ɽ£ֺǿգ磬Х˷ϫؼĸۡ
ޣ滨ݣʿ󣬸ָ̻һСϣ˵Ǽ򵥴ӣȴ̺һ˵ϢС޵ء
˸е˼ǣС棬Ȼʢһ
һǳᣬǳ·ʱпɢϸ۲ʱ򣬶ҪסһСģǿͰûˡ
˵ǵᱡ֮⣬һȴʾ˷ǱѰ죬ʱС֮Уһʱֻת
һģ߷ߣһӰУ
⸱Σ˲ˡӰ
еԼĴЩˡ
⵽ʲô⣬ѵʦȾƵľףе񣬲е㲻񡣡
֪֮УʿƵĸַЩӵͨԼֲ˼ĹЧͷѰ߽Ȼͬ
С죬ԲǳԷѰ֮
ֻߣʳСʵ̫СˣʳȾƻһЩţȥףֻ׳һ㡣
˼ţ֮£ͻȻһСɵСͻȻ˹Ƶģ
һû񣬾ѣת֮䣬һ⣬壡
ţ
һ£㾪г
⣬ô£
ޱ𾪣֪ʲô顣
ʱ鷢ˣС֮󣬾ȻȣС·֮
䣡
֮һɳȵĺС֮ӿӿȵϱڣ
ɺܿͻǧɢ֫ٺ£оԼ˻һޱȡ
ڶȣⱲӴûгܹĿֱ̣Ҫ˶ڻˡ
ܿ죬һɳǵĺӿͬתȫȫȵĸоʧתΪ䡣
ͺͻȻޱȵĻ¯˱ǧѩԭУȫĹͷ˲ͱסˡ
Ƭ֮ĺ⣬һת
䣬ȣֲͬѪڷڣͣתȫϴǳ쳾
·оԼԽԽᣬԽԽƮƮȻ֪ԡ
ܿ죬ǰһڣȫʧȥ֪

ιѣѣô˯ڵϣѡ
֪ùȥ˯ڵص͵ش˸սѹ
һϤ⡣
һԭһСñ꣬ڽл꣬ͬΪҩ԰ִµҼū硣
ô˯ˣţӡ۾źǷʵ
һˣһȥӦîû뵽㻹û˯ѡһֵӣˣô˯ڵϣ캮ضģҲҴŷ￴˯ڵϣͽˡ
ҹ﷢飬лЩ£ˣˣСһһȵĺţҵĸо͹ȥЩͬҵ壬ôˣ
˼䣬ͻȻһΪͻȻ֣Լƺԭ˺ܴĲͬ
飬·𱻽ˮһůķǳԭȵҲһɨգȡ֮ޱȵܡ
ʱϵ͵ȼŴգһƬ谵ȴȻܹÿһͺһ
ˣϪ紵ҶҲޱȡ
ʮ꣬ûио羹˵ľʣ˵ǰǸһʵıɴȥȥ磬ôڣ㱡ɴѾȫʧ
ұ۾ƺԸоõСļľԼڣûдʹͲʣϵӿһһƣ΢СůЩůƺǲ֮ǰȺͼɺк֮ϵתȫ޷ݵĳʵ֮УԺ䣬˵
·һִԼ޾ôҲʹƵġ
ʲô飿ǳ𾪡
е
ôˣع
ûʲô翴˿ֹһľ񾭾˯ڵϲ˵ˣ˵ôˣһȥӦîɡ
ӦîãϾ˵
飬þ޷ƽȴû¶һ˿
İڶܹͷ˵


005 о
˸ϵӦîûѺӦîȻֵóԹ緹ҩ԰ķȥ
ֵʱԶԶͿһȺΧ
ţʲô£ֵصôôΧ
Ҳ֪һ֪ǻ˵ʬˣѾİڶȻҪװһȫ֪ӣкߣǹȥ
Ħ飬֪ʱԽװ⣬Խпܱ¶˵̬ǿֿƣǳȤġ
ҲãѾӦîˣһɽҲ١Ȼ˵ͷ¶ܸȤӡ
ƽ壬壬塭
ǰΧ۵ȺǺԼһҩɽִ£æк
磬Ҳˡ
ƽ壬￴ʲôнӼ𣿡к֮һѯ
иƨӣʬУⲻǣ˸ʵҩ԰ִָŵһڲ˵
ҹǸ˵ʬѾúڲڸˡ
ɻһ׷ʵô£˵
ҲûʲôǽϣӦî֮ɽʱ򣬿һͷ¡ǲ֪ϼһÿһҰǲȵ˽ʻǯȻرģǷʱ嶼ѾʼڷⶼŧˮˣǸõǰ˵СӣվôʲôҪվ̫ˣʬɲá
ϵľ綾ҩɽֵ黨ʮֶݣټϻĶɵģ֮ңϳ˾ֶԵֵҪ˵ЩͨˣվһЩȽϺá
ԭˡĽ˵¶һȻӣп
Ȼ˻֮ʧҲǳе飬˶Ͷ֣ΪܣΪ¡
ر߹صľң˷֮⣬һҪְǽ˷ˡ
һֱɱɽˮˣ˲ٳУҲ˸ĲƸССɣկĴѹζĲƸһãسʵҵı⡣
ͬʱЩƸĸ䣬鵤ҩؼҲ˵죬ˣһ¼Ҳ߲ˡ
һЩ½ū֮ͣͬľʧ룬ƽЩˣֻǰɲ෹ǲ֮Լ̸ʣĵĸøԩҡ
ʲôҿǴŶԣ̶ѨҲҴΪԼ뻹ӲԣҲЦ
Ҳô˵ΪΪʳ䳣飬Ҫǰɱ۾ǰ̶ѨҲմģվ˵ۣȵԼˣмֵܹסջ󣿡˵ĻҲЩпһ˫ص˵
仰ӦˣҲǰԼõ˾޴ĺƣԲܵΣ¶ȥĻ³֮أ
ˣƽ壬Ƿ˷ôûϱ´ˣп֮һ飬æʵ
ȻϱˣȻѷƽҲһԲܲϱأƽش´˵ϾЩˣҪʣŹ´ûɽȥɣʡʶģʱ䡣
˵ǣǾˡ룬ƽ˵Ҳе˸ǣɽȥˡ
ʱµɽٴξַ֣ʬѾˣмλȨصļҶܹܣŸԼԭؿ졣
磬ʱһʶ˵Ĺ£ǣ
ţʶأһǹȥʲô
鷳ȴûֻ̫࣬ǵ͵͵رԹһⲻһʰסĵط֣ʵ̫ˡ
ûԣŰһ֪Լң̫ˡ
Ȼ߹ȥ֮󣬾ͷֳԼ֮⣬סڷָūͣеһʡ
ܹܣסڸִº۶ˣܹѶʡ
߹ȥ֮󣬽ס˵£򱻸ܹܣΧصһ˵ϵôˣ⸮С񣬹ū˵⸮ܹܣ˵λȨء
ҹûгȥ⸮ܹ±˵˵룬ɫʵ
ûСæƲ壬ɲģ˭ϡ
ܹܴˣ׳԰ִҹʱϹɽʱһɽҹ˵·˵ɽ飬˵԰Ҳм¼
ܹ죬ϹɽûժѪҾɽ˯ˡһηӾ̵ӣæȴǼƲ˵ǣ뵽˵죬Ʋ壬֮顣
ܹܣӦںʱ̶ʱ䣬һǰأּ䣬мûȥ𴦡Աһģˣܹܶ˵ɽ˳һʱʱȷԲϡ
û˴Ļо綾ܹѪһ˵
ɽҩ԰ĹΪϸκεķ紵ݶԵ̰û˷Ķ϶Σȴ֪Լᱩ¶ΪûõǸ۵ĻˣȻʿ
ʿֶΣ쳣ˣϼʱٶҲûпܣҲ˵ѰĶʱѾ׼Щ֪£˵
飬Ż᲻֮ǸҲᱻʬ²
Ȼ⸮ܹԣ˵ͷضֱʱеˣûʳʲôõĶйµصȻǾȻȥɣҪĴҽɢҥԣҾġ
ǡԣظæɢ뿪


006 
оյع˹أеңһĪľ
ҲԽʱԼԽҪ򶨣ǧΪҶ¶ţʱ֮Īʰ飬𽥰׵Ժ
ֹ˼죬£ǰԺУ
õĵڴУ׽Դ򶷣ֽýһһʽԴҷ緶ʾΪѫҵ̡
У߽ǣԼо֮Ϊʥƽ˼ּ֮⣬Ѫӿ޲˦Ǵһ
һȻľ
Уϣһаǧˣҡ䡱롰ˡõĵӡ
ǧ£ǧӣϵ֧ңۣ˽գһм˵ĺʺ꣬ѡ죬ѵٲȻѾһ֧ľӡ
Ժգ񣬸ڸ޽С䡱롰ˡãִƼҴѧһռϵأǧĶ֮㣬¥޽ðֺޱȡ
յ亢ͯᱻѡϤٮٮ£뾫ü죬꣬ѡӢãԻýǮŮأλ鵤ҩȵĽܹͣӴ˳ΪصľӢһϵʱҲҪݴǣӵ൱ڵϵļ̳Ȩ׵׸ıˡ
ȵǣ˱Ԫлλ˵еһ棬ָ书ԵߣܹţӴңˣ󲿷ҺˣֻҪнȡĵģҪޱȡ
ЩʱһսףֳꪵͷУõܽͷõù³ϣ
Ǻصĸ֣׷ҾӢѪսɳɱ¹ԺսڼеλߣʹƽܵԣҲ˿У֮еһЩϵй֮ռҹ棬ϵ˵ܡ䡱к󱲼кһܽͷǡ塱
أݣҲһһľ֡
һԼල䣬󣬺ȻʨӴ
ߣΪʮ󾳽磬£ΪԲ̤֮죬
һڵӶͣټУȻ˲ʹȻһƬţʾЩӹ˵
̫ˣܽͷøˡ
ҲУ棬һͰɽϣ͵
УУǧϢӣʹҲԽôмѰҳһֱûб֡
͵͵ʶ֣͵ѧ书ǲֵı֣֣ҪϳͲпܱҹ
ĹأҲҴ壬Ϊ˷ֹ˽ȡµĹء
Ͳͣ˵ʵˣһԾΪϹûһңܹ鷢
Ҳûеõѧʸˣ˽ϰͬѧɵȴμӿƾٿԣǲĿ޳͢ĴҪš
ܹ֮ô궼ƽ£ƾĲǵϸ
ͣѺĳɾͣΪʮ󾳽磬ʮ󾳽磬ֱһƤǣ⣬ϣͨرԪȱط豹棬ԼʮأԲϾ硣Ϊʲô˵ֻ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
ǿ׷ˣгɣͿԳƵкܣǲ׳һ⡣
ûͷأΪкܣǵ־򡣡ٵӶͬС
˵úãմɵǿߣҪ˵˺ӣϻͯٶڻ£ǿߣǽҵԣܳɾͲΰҵ˽ʲô
вٵӶ¶Ȼ飬˵Щ˼飬û˿ǡ
գƤǣһȷܹӵв˼ҲɵðԵͷ
ǿߣ۳ΣעҪͷأΪ˵ģΪ˽ҲΪ
ǣϲ䷸׵͢ҪϽ˽ϰҲΪ˷ǡ
ǰΪ³ˣֻҪͿԴﵽෲ䣬Լ֮ǣгˣҪԣܴﵽųʦڸߵĺأϳ˾磬زѾУԳΪʦʦʦߵ𣬾³ˣгˣϳ˵𡣡
壬쾳ǰŸ㶼˵ˣôԲָʲôǲǵǷ켫۷壿ͻȻȺһ»꣬ʵ
Ȼӵܣݸ߹Ȩѯʣõӣֻȡڿεʸ񣬲ûзʵȨ
˶ܰԶݴеҲ˶䣬ܸȤš
۷壬ֲ۷塣ȻѾϵ⡣
۷壬ֲ۷塭һʼղ⡣
УҲ¶Ի飬Ǳ֮ĻԻˡ
Ҹղ˵гɣкܣⲢûд£Ƿ֮ϣ䣬ʿνˣ졣
˲⣬ĵؽ
ǿЩϹһӣ١ʵ˵Ҳͬһӣν䣬Ϲ˳ĳʱ뿪ĸ̥˰ӣҪɥʧԪ˥ܣֱݽߡ
ΪﵽͿԱԪȱ豹棬ѪԪԲ󹦸ɣ˾ͽӽ磬ֲ˼ֻͣҪٽһ棬ΪԲ
Բ磬ȷǳ֮е۷壬޵УԲ֮ϣ죬޳½ɣָ֮䣬ضƱɫ
ǣ۷壡


007 츲صı仯
Բ֮ϣ죡
쾳磬۷壡
ұΪԲʦ޵ˣȴԭֻ׵۷塣
죬ԭ˰
ŻȻͬʱҲľ
ǵвˣʱŵһ֪ԭʮԲֻ׵۷壬ں֮ϣ죬֮࣬ɵøе̻󲻰һǿҵʣǾǣ쾳磬ʲôģ
ʱ˰е˳
쾳İأɻ󣬲ɵȻһЦаأ˵ɬѶʵҲܼ򵥡
˵һ٣ɨˡ
ǣͨʦ֮󣬾Ѫݽߣ˥ϣܱʱʵֻǱˣսܸ𣿡
⵱ȻܣϲȻ֮ȺӦ
Ȼܣܸ֫Щǳܹɴ೤ϣ񲻳ɹˣһЩӦ
û˻ʫΪ֤ծѰдУʮϡ࣬׷˵
֪޴ɵЦҲѹ֣ϾǶǷ˼ʶ쾳İ
֪޴Ȼ֪˵ˡ
ҸղžѾ˵֮ϣ죬ΪʮԲǾˣҸǣʮأֻǸոżķ˶ѣṳ̂ȥءνĿשʯ߱ڣӣ˺ʨֻǷ˼쾳ʿɱسɴ磬ҹǧ죬Ʋ꣬˺ѵأֻתЩǿı졣
˵ţҾۼʶһλʦڻʹ֮бݵ÷ɽԼͷ­£αǾʧ֮ʣЦת۾ͽ˻ȥ𣡵ʱΣһֱǲĲ˼飡
һʶǳ۽ӣֺЦ˵յļš
˵һЩţˡ
ɱسɴ磿
ͷҲܻ
⣬ⲻˣɣ
ɣȻУԥػش
̾ɣӿֳ಻ͬĸ˼
벻ţĻǿҰ˼š
죬죬˳֮˵ɷ֮𣬸ֶͨΣ
Ȼ˵úȴ޵Ǳʾôһ˼ƽʱڷΪ񻰴˵ȫţȷ¡
֮УЩжһЩѿ
죬죬ɵԶݴ͵Ҳɵ¶ɫ
֪֮ɣʵǴ˵
֪ϼһŵӣŵ֮ӡ
ǿգ磬޿棬Ҳ˵
Щʵ̫ˡ
ֻϧֻһūͣһССūͣӳһ𣬾עҪΪū޾ţҲԼˣ׷Լ룬һеһУūݡ
ҪܹūɣǾ̫˰
аģһ죬ҪԼˣȥ׷ϵɵȥ̽硣
رƽ޹ʷһĺƣͷԭͲôֵ˼Խ
Ըū뿪
ǮƣҲ̫ƽĸˣĸ䣬Ҫģһ⣬Ҳ׸֮ûС
ȻǮƿԹӶͨȨƣһУûԼÿɿ
ڸûбԼһǮ¶ף·һ
뵽ͷص·ӣǧǧȥ鿼ȡȥ׬ȡǮƣȥָ飬һУȲ
ͼûвμӿƾٵʸ񣬶̣λҲ߲ʱпܱ̰ıֻıϽ;򣬾ֻһūֵַͣعӡ
ͨһҲõĵǾǣǮƣȨƣκζûÿɿֻʵڵġ
һеǰᣬܹūɣӵѧĻûûгͷ֮ա

̾һ
ôô׵õأ
ʮУ޵껻ЩԡѪսսЩȴս磬ʬЩ˱ɵִ񣬻Щü죬ȫǰֻ̣һˣСһֱУߵɽ͵ᡣ
ѧѾܹˣȴȻ¸߰û˿롣
һֱֻѧ
֪֪֮Լ϶͵˽ѧ׾ͻ
һǾǣкܶླʦǵһûһ۾ܿ
ԣһֱ͵ڣ׿ʼ
Ϊûеûз֣ԼתĻ
Ҳܴ󷢺ƶ¶Ӳװ¡
Ѫ˽˺죬ԼҪֽ֮һЩĵʱ䲻֪ȥˡ
ֱԶӹ֮УɢȥʱȻʱѵ硣
æ·غɽ
ף
غɽ;Уһˮ峺ƽ羵СͻȻŲһ٣һͣ
ԭʯͷˮ߾ʱ򣬲俴һˮ棬ͻȻ֣ԼòΣƺúͼǰͬˡ
ô
ϸ鿴
ʱžȵط֣Լڱ׳ʵƤù⻬ݿʼý룬һʯѪҲ̺һľӨ͸˵òһҲɽСˣŵĸҹӡ
˵òʣ˷츲صı仯


008 Ѳ
ҵӣȻôࣿ
Լı仯֮оȣʵ
ԼиֱԼ巢仯ͼǰܲɷֵϵ
Ϊʮ󾳽磬ֱһƤǣ⣬ϣͨرԪȱط豹档
ǰصľУǰΪ³˾磬ֻҪͿԴﵽг˾磬ҪԣܴﵽڸӸĺأϳ˾磬زѾУԳΪʦ
ȻЩɾ֮ϣиߵĵʮأԲ֮ﵽԲ֮˽ӽ磬ֲ˼ֻͣҪٽһܹ档
ڸǸƣƤãݽȫʾھ̥ǵı仯ܽͷ˵ȫһģһ
ûǱںɽ͵ͷڿΣ֪ٵѧ֪ʦľﵽʮ֮ᷢı仯ǸƣƤãݽһеڵԼ˿жϣԼѾӵ˴˵̥ǵʡ
ȻʮԲ̥仯֮⣬йΪȵȵȵȣ෽Բܹ̥ǣٱһʣѾﵽԲˡ
ûͨ޿ջ۵Ϊӵʵˣʵڷëǣǵʷ꾪ߴˣԵ͵츳С
һı仯һ£ںõͬʱҲž޴գΪݵλ˷£㲻˽˻˵ĴҲᱻץʣٲȻǻ͵ҩɽϵĵرҩ
һ£ǰ;ˣЩѲ⡣
Ǹ⸣а˳ϲңԼĴסЩڸôźãڵңһҲǸҩɽūͣҴ湦ط鵤ҩţӵޱԽʣѵĸǣʦΡ
Щģ졣ǵãǰһͬҩ԰ִ£͵ʳɽҩ԰˵ûбôĽûΪţǵҩĶ¯
ֵѪ֮У̺һеѪԪƳһΪѪԪ󵤵ĵҩӵй̱ԪԪĹЧǳ档Ϊ͵ҩɽϵĵرҲᱻĨɱͶ뵤¯鵤
УҲص˵ĸޣ취ֹ˿У
뵽Ȼһ˼Ӧİ취
ҼǵһЩҩݣȾɫЧ԰ҵķɫڸһ£ɫı֮󣬾Ͳôˡ
æϻסȻס͵͵ժ˼ֳҩݣʯ֭ҺͿĨϣϣֱƼݣڸסһЩʺͷɫϵı仯
ܿ죬ַЩã粻ͿĨĺá
⣬ҾȻˣЩҩݵζʵ̫죬ͿĨϣһžųˣûע⵽ҵģҪ࿴һۣⲻŸ߱ˣйŹ𣿲ͺԼˡ
̾һаա
ҿԼ˼ܣ࣬ûóȻȥע⵽
Ե޹ʵģĸ˻ԼͿĨҩ֭˵ҩɽūˣִ£ۣĸ֪ҩԣͨҽģ᲻֪Щҩ֭β˵ĹЧǿȾɫЧЩãвУԲС
֮£ְֻϴȻȻ泯죬κΡ˵Ҳ֣һȸղ˳۶ˣͻأ֮УҲڡ
һʱĻţˡ
ãڵóۡ
ߵ⣬ЩԼ·ͷ֣вӣŪңѾãȴûüϴӡ
Ȼ¶ļȻ𪣬࣬񣬵ûˣֻһݵӣͲϸˣҲֲܡ
ʱֻˣһģЩūͣˣ۹ⲢҲǿְ취ֻܷһʱܷһȥ͵ʦѧգҲΪһʦҵĸǰҲ޷ˡ
ʵ⼸䣬͵ѧ˲ٶٳЩȡɵĻᣬϷׯ԰ȥһܹܣʱȨ֣ɽ߻ʵԶû˹Ϳ޼ɵʽʼˣҵʱ򣬺ĻͬʱδؾͱȲЩСϰõӡ
ڣһмƻѾ躹޵·ҲȥˣΨ֮ƣֻգʱûеҲҪϧۣʼ
ҪƿԼˣһУǰı㣬Ҳ˲ˡ


009 
ʥ죬©ȱ
ŴյķУڴϣ˫ֽӡɿر任ŴصĸӡҲͬҰһ㣬˳ƵʣڶĶ𵴣ҵز
䣡䣡䣡
·ڴģƶңǣġ
һɹҵžѪܳڣãʱ޿̲ϴѪҺеʣﵽ׾ϴЧ
ʱж˵ʦվԣᾪȵȫѪҺڷɿ챼ҵѭţֲѪٶȣͨˣѾˢȫϣѪܱըٲˡ
κˣѪҺٱҪܲˡ
תġȴһͷܴܹסһѪڱ
ѾѰ׹ܹġ
һšͨ书Դ
Ȳ书Ҳ֮ͨ䣬һּΪµֹĺô׼ϳ˵ҪлͻƺʮԲӶ죬
ֹЧκ׹Ҳ޷ģˣǵļֵ׹ǧ򱶣κε伮ҲȲϡ
ȻΪѵã˵ݣ磬ҲѵһеҴ壬һõ޲Ϊ䣬ǧıأȫҪСֻĵĵϵӵܺĸܹ
һΪרеĶ˺ѵõҲǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ռҵıˣ͵͵ѧƤë
Ȼ͵ѧýϰУϽڵĶƪ϶ҵϵ;ӢѧֶȴǴݳˣʹֻѧƤëҲԶʤѰĹ
ǳһ㣬ᶨƵתϴѪҺ
գЩϴӳѪҺ˾Ѫ¹
ãڳˣ
յ˫ĿͻȻ
䣡
ɲǼ䣬ĺڵķ·һ磬ȻѸȥӰ١
ʱ˿񣬾ͻ֣ᷢУںüǰ磬ޱȣκ˼ˣʶ֮ܿӡ
У̺šԲ覡©ȱ޾ȵζ֮ⲢʵʵǴľѹ˿Ѫڣɢİ
ֻһ˲䣬Ѫת棬ʱ޿ʧסˣЩһɹůȫޱȵı
һ֣İء
Ȼ棬ȻΪأѪֲ첻㡣
һչϸϸƷζİòŴӴ
Դﵽ׾ϴЧʲô鵤ҩҪáң֮󣬺ȱݣȫֲʸı䣬ҲƳѰʦ߳
˿Լ˫֣ƺԽӨ͸ˣֲ֣ɵĴ
棬氡ɵ̾Ҳʶ׹Щིͨ壬̲ͺ˳Է⣬ԱȻʮһ㣬û̲ʵûа취ɡ
ƾղ׳׳ԱҲûݱԴ˵ıȻȴ첻㣬ֲͣﵽ̱ԪĿģ̼ͨϵѨƽʱڻ˷ѵӪͷųһλ춨Ļ
˵ϻеѨʳҩѪƵȵֶΣͬ춨ЩֶʹùԪˣǲзϣУԶԶȲ档
Լǰ͵ѧԼĸ໥ӡ֤ԽоԼ
Ͼǰֻ͵ڿΣֱڣ֪кһ͵书
Կҵľˡ
ɨǽǣͻȻ͸ͷ壬ڳһèԾмܡ
У͵ѧ书Ȼ򵥣ȴҪ߽չʹ죬Эﵽһ̶ȣܷӳã򲻵ܳɹ˽ǣͺһšȵȶûóȻȥ֪
ȻǰûèԾʽȴͻȻѪоԼǱ嶼èΣֳԣ֮У·ĻèʳǰĶģµΩΩФ
ޱȵǰȥأһǳɣȻѸٵ˻ŵϴ̨һֿ۱ڣһ°ವһȥת֮͵˷ϣýŹŵҡ
ǿԣϰһҾȻﵽˣǺأǾ
΢΢ţ˷ܺ;ϲ
û뵽ǰû䣬һµʹﵽ˺أ³˵Ķ尡̫ˣ
Խп
ţԡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ָоЩԡ
ЩõӣҲһȱȫĲǵ֮ʱǰͰ࣬һһؽģȴ˺һأֱӴﵽأʵ̫ˡ
ܲԾһ⣡


010 𾪷
˵ôڵĲ汾洫ǲȱȫĶƪ
ʵ̫ˣڸˣǲܵģһ֣ǿԼҲȴǴ洦顣
Ҳȡİ취Уླ֣׫޸ģԭĲ׫Ϊһʺϴڸ˵Ȼ̱ԪĹЧҲԭ棬ȴҲûй֮ǣҲͨⲿȱĶƪƵһҵĵϵˣʼձйϵơ
ңҵĵϵˣӢţĵر鵤ҩģЩİǿɣﵽ˿ľ磬ĳɾҲԶԶʤڳˡ
һµɹֱӾһأﵽǾѾԺЩϵˣӢᲢˡ
뵽Լ̥ǵСԼС֮еһԣԼϷ£ǧ˿Ƶϵ
ˣȥô࣬ҪģȰԼøǿ׳飬Ժٿǡ
һʼհ˼⣬ɴ಻ȥ롣
һ˫ŷſַŷԼ
ⴿǿϣл֧壬ϰٽȫϵۡ
һ˫Լ
ԼаʱͻȻ֮䣬ַһ¡
֣ôãôһҲۣ
оԼƳȣһҲûΪ򰾽Ƕɵƣ·ղ˫ԼԷˮһɣû
ԼıûôǿЩģÿʱͻӿһůתȫܿ棬ȫָԭ״
ϻָԭ״ԼƵģһֱȫȻûƣĸо
ǲ֮Ͼͱӿů䣬Ÿ޾Ĵ
ǹůǴСģˣСλãʱҵ壬ˣ
ףСĹЧвɵðԾ
һʱԿ
ʼϧģŷԼҪСֲ֮ԼƳʲôĵزԼĻָжǿ
𾪵ģ֣ǹصůǻἰʱ֣Լоƣ֮ǰͰֱڶ̫ˣҲûзּ
ңһûомãԽʵ
ⲻ̥ǣǳˣһ죬ԲȣҲĿ࣬УԽ˷ܣĻҿڳʱ侫䣬ԶԶڳ˰
ļ죬֣ԼĲ²ȷġ
صСҲ֪ʲô챦Ȼӵ޲ĹЧӸտʼʱڷҹ͵͵ܵĽپʯұڣֿ񱼣ָķʽǣǷ֣Լƺı޾
Էˮ˯ˣ̲סɣԼʲǱ˺Բ̥ǣǸӸľ磬һЩ츳ʡ
ֺ޹أСԴԴϵĲ͵ģԼ뾫ʵһĵģȴʱأܲ
ǴԴ벻ͨˣֻʱŵһߣ֮
ҪҪҪǾ߲ݵ
ڴǵͬʱҲԼ͵ѧʽɢ֣书·ٵʤɱУٵسɳš
ా飬лĵ̣һٱһʰΪֱһǧͻͽ
ܺãȥҺܿͿͻƵгˣϳˣΪūˣӳȥū·
˵ľ񣬶ı䣬ǿҵҪıԼˡ
һ죬ҩ԰ͻȻпһ⡣
ҩ԰žȻ󿪣һµҩ԰ܹܣ𵶵վճɣǰһȺִƺɽҩ԰ִ£¡
ãҾȻһһȵռոˣ
ʱ죬һһȵռգչأΪҩ԰ִ£ӦîʱڷǰţӦîⷿĿִ±¼
ҩ԰˵ǼҪһҩ԰ִ˵ҲһµܽᣬȻѲ¸ˡ
Щҵҵڿҿңǲ£Ǿܷ飬ƫƫͷˡ
ѵΪΪʳֻߣǻ裿
һʱ֮䣬ԼоЩ˼飬಻õĴʻ㣬Ժ
ȥˣһһεռ죬ȻҲҲڣǳıӵˣֱʱŴҴҸɫҩ԰ܹܣʱȻŭҰ¡
ǣ֣ס
ãˣʣͨ΢Ĳͬˣһ۾ܹЩܲܿҶһСĵķӦпйϵס
һ뷴ȴͻȻһΪҪ飬ֻǰסԼֽš
֪й¶ܵĺɰܱ˰⣬ڱ׵ͶҲ¶Լ͵͵
ְִأӦڱһʮЧȡҩ԰ܹܿס˵˰ҰѺá


011 Ů
ǰټľڵգԺԣ
һ޴ޱȵġ̡֣ǽڣʾǵۻ
Ĵվ˺ɽҩ԰ūͣȫյָͣеĲ£ǰ̡
ҵĹأҪ̣ͬ൱ֵūִۣ£Ҫǰ̣ЧȡһΣһһռ֮գҩ԰ִ±ڳĹأҩ԰ܹץţзڱףܿͱѺŴ
ô
һЩʶҩ԰ִ£ۣʱͽͷӶ

ȼͺȽҪõĻ飬Ǿصɴ۾
ô£һֱͦعصôܷ
Ҳ֪ղҩ԰ŻͻȻͱ˽˵Υ˼ҹ棬Ҫִ̣̣û뵽ȻСӡ
أ˭֪ʲô
ʵ벻ͨƽʱıҵҵµôܻᴥҩ԰Ĺء
ɽҩ԰Уֵڷܣ֣عصľˣ˵͵и˭Ҳš
û֪䣬ԼְҩĲ¶ˡ
ͻƽ
ǻ֪ˣȻռ֮ճٵܹܴץ˸ţ˵Сӵô£ƽôڷܣƫƫͳôһСأӦãʵ̫Ӧˣ
һЩ֪ˣĵذԵɸǡ
ԭСӵ˵ǲ
ϣ¶˲̵顣
һˣôᴥҩ԰涨أһˡ
ȼҪõĻ飬嶯ҪվܹǲǸˣԼҩ԰ִס
ǼɵСӣô嶯ʲôҪˣ
ǣڻûأȿ˵
Ȱ˵Щҡ
ྲྲ
ҩ԰ܹۣɵðףȵ
صأ
˶ʱȫ
ԭЩֵãʱ˵ĺš
˻̲סǷǳ֪ܹܴ˾ʲôֶγͷ
̷ݹŵأģԳƵһݹ۶ԭϻıĮңûһԺȡ
ŷӿ񷨣Ϊ˶˵ĹأԼЩʱӦܵ𷣣ҽЩȨ·Ÿܹܣ£ȥִУܰټһ壬εþ˶ؼҵҵ
ЩԼ˽Уڷūˣбס𡢸̣࣬٣ѣ̣ӡƣɱ̷ͳͽֶΣĿ࣬ĿȴֻһǾʹ˰ؼ
£ݱ΢ūֻͣһЩСҲпΪҲҪԮҩ԰ִסǵԭ
ã˶ˣԿʼִ̡
ҩ԰ܹܼ˰ص˵ͷתǰľ
ľϣ̵ִָ̾ߣ۴ǴУС̱ޣÿһɰ϶ƶɣСĴָϸгɡֱôִ󣬶һͨ峤̣ϣԼɼմȾ˶꣬ѾЩڵİ߰Ѫžη
֪жٷ˴ūˣ̣ܵ಻ԣһЩֱӻˣʬǶ޳ӡ
˿ҩ԰ִܹܵϻӹСǸϻɵһ
УؽŵԻࡣ
СǱסˡ
ãܹܴûдҪ
Ҿ˵⼸ɵСӣܹܴôԵ޹ʶԸ¿Է˰ɣʮ޻ҪСӵ
ֻƤⲻˡ
ף֮УܹһźܴȨԴһЩ˹صˣɱᡣ
һЩԲ̵ܹܣеȨԼ˳۵ū˻ʹη壬£ΨǴӣӶĲȡ˽
ҩ԰ܹܲûôΪֻǳٵûйټϣ֪ǡ
һĻҲ羵֪ô¡
ãֻСޡɵóһа룬ҧͦһ£͹ȥˡϣ̵ִ˲Ҫ̬̫
£
һ䴦˫һʹعڵء
šʱһ˹
ѾģҧһͶҲҪԼȥʱͻȻһȴ
С㣡
С㣡
С㣡
ڶ໤ִ££æ
С㣬ôˡҩ԰ܹܻæӭȥ˼ʾ˷ͬһء
ܹܵūͣȻūݣʵȨһӵܣҲðͽֺãʱһЩ־ӵܣҪֺĵȨܹܡ
Ⲣ˵ܹܵݵλжôߣִƵȨȨϣӵ൱޴
ղѡ̱ޣȫѡޣɱҲѡСޣͽһ£νɱᡣ
ǰūӵɱȨܹܣҲԵùһ˿һĵ
ɵò̧ͷҪһ˾˭
һλƮƮ·¹һİŮӣվԼǰ¹һŮӣֻеһĪԼվ


012 
ܹܣִҩ԰꣬ϣ˷˴չؼϳͣҲȻ飬޹أҽҪˣҸӣҴΣ
Ůӷ֮󣬿ҩ԰ܹܣʵ
ᣬȴһɲɵϣ·ܹ˴ĵΥͷ
СˣҪūţܴþǣС˲ҹʡҩ԰ܹ̲סĨĨͷΨΨŵŵصͷӦǡ
һڵİŮǰūӵɱȨҩ԰ܹܣǫòǫȫûиղŵϡ
󣬲Թ۵ūˣо˼飬ҲԾ档
Ů˭ΪʲôܹܺЩӣ˵ִܹҩ԰ʵȨĴòô
ңǴ˵ãۻ֮أŮӣһ֪ǸϵôԵ޹ʵص
֣ʵ̫ˣ
Լо鱳һЩΪ֪ʲô޷ƣֻǳڱܸоŮӳֵʱδҲ̫ˡ
𣿡ҩ԰ܹܳΪСİŮӣʵĿת飬һֳԲ
ҡ죬һʱ֮䣬Ȼ֪ôش
ûأС㻰㻹Ÿʲôʵʵҩ԰ܹܼĬԶԣɵúصؿһ
޷ŮӲû񣬷ϵ£ϸϸش˸飬ãſڵ꼸ˣ
ʮа̾һӲͷƤ
վҵūͣʻò
ʮŮһ˿죬ʵڸϵִ£
СǺɽҩ԰׳԰ִ£ϼ׳԰ҩϵժ⣬ȫСһɡش
ôǵãҩ԰ִֻڸϵʮ꣬ܵΣŮƺЩȡ
ݲһִۣ¡
С֪ūŵĸĸйһūͣռҹ棬ֱΪִ£ںɽҩ԰ۡվһԵҩ԰ܹץסᣬæֺõؽ͵
ԹɫŮƺȤ
ԭүүɽԼһҵūͣ˵ĳȫȫҵļū
ǰүү´󹦣ҰѵʱǸѾߵĴĸɽΪޣɽɼҵһ׼ᵽоסµһҩ̡
ⱾǼõģвūūͷأߵľŵ·ӣɽ۵㹻ƹ񣬾пܸıˣѼΪһƽ
ŪˣĻϣɽûеȵһ죬ҩ̾ͷһɱǰѲǵһҵϵӵЩɽΣ֮ʣֵܲ̿ͣʹ׵Ϊ¶
Ϊɽһֱûū׵ڼūͣȵĵϵӵܴտʱְ͵ɽҩ԰ѧա
ɽҩ԰λɽϣɽµأʺϸָ˱ٳΪҩ԰Уӵŵ԰һʮֱɵ֧԰ӣͽ׳԰
׳԰ʮ԰ӵеλǰ壬˵һ൱Խλá
ӦռĸλѹʵĸĸΪ󹦣ҶͷϣִƼֺҩ԰ʸټɽ򸾷ܲȹһĵϵӵϣҲû˸ʹִɱȨҩ԰ܹܣҲ״ɱֻܳһ¡
ŮӲÿɷ񣬾꣬ʵ㣬ϲҩ԰ҩ
ٴԥ
⣬Ӧôشźأ
㲻ҪĴ˼ɣʲô˵ʲôҲġŮӻ˵·𿴴Ĺǡ
ôʣʲô˼ҧҧҪڷУʾģڣȴͻȻһתʵʵذĻ˵˳
СĻС˲ϲҩΪ
ūͣһΪȣԶӦ๤ִۡ¡£ܣְȨȿ๤ĵūۣͣרŸºۻȣǵλԸѾߣСˣӵִݣ߷̣ǲһԣǵĲ࣬õʹͶ಻࣬ҪλˣܸλˣûйܽˣµȨڱ˹Ľײ㣬ֻжūͣǹµĽײ㡣
ڶȣһȣǹ£һūˡ
ЩҲ⣬ǳóСˣѾߣȻūͣҲԹƣٻָֻţƹǮķʲȻпȣĵūְͣȨߣҲкܶ˰ͽֺá
پĸȵȴ󹦶ܵӵļӣΪ̫Сȵִ£ӵеĵȼȴһȣҲΪ£ܣܵãū˿ӵݣĪĶ͡
һūҲãĩūҲգ˾ˣûϣûɣѾܹӡ
ϲҩΪһ䣬Ƿθ֮ԡ


013 С
ʲô
ϲ
Ļشҩ԰ܹܣй̵ִۣ£ȫһ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼش
ƽʱĻ龢ȥˣȻôش𣡡
⣬ҪˣϲҩΪ񲻾˵϶İţ϶İţ񲻾Ǵ治û治Ǵ治
ֱǻòͷˣСӣʮ޵̷̫ô
ǲ֪
ȺЩɧ
ԣĻش𣬰һ£ǹˣ²𣬸߸߹ˣ̲סоȡ
вٵˣΪһѺ·ѾԤı³ˡ
֪Ůݵҩ԰ܹܣˣɫЩ̣պ޵ض˵治ݺݵذʾҪĿ˵Щġ
ŮӵķӦƽЩϣֻĿһ£ʵŶΪʲô
СҲ˵˸СѣʵĵԼоҩûʲôõǰ;ԶԶΪһʦңڡ
Щζǰ˵ֻĵףȴǺ͸ղŲͬġ
ߣôɵʲô˵ʲô˵ôõˣɫﻹ᲻ףﶼϲ̫ƽ˼ٻջ󻰣żҲҪζһ滰Ұ滰˵ֺηû׼ԴӣĻӡ󣬵滰˵ͷͱɵˣôܸҲϲҩϲңڣ
ڳһΨΨŵŵӣûмСŵ˵ãʵڷɿ㣬ĦԷ⣬ѸӦ䣬Ժ֮
㲻ϲҩǣʲôԸŮЦЦʵϲʲôģ
С˻˵΢΢̧ͷ¶һ㯵顣
δɳǿֵõĺòϡŮӼۿ׾΢΢ͷ¶飬Խ֮䣬Ҳʼһ˿ѭѭյζûһ죬ܹٻ󣬳ͷأ
С˴ûôࡣæ
𣿡Ů΢΢һЦԵЩĪ⣬ҿóⲢﻰʵ뷨ģⲻҪҲҪ˵ʵҲΪ㲻˵ʵͳͷ㣬෴Ҫ㣬Ծţͷء
Ծţͷأô˵ʲô˼ƶǶ㵼䣬ͻȻתһҩ԰ܹܡ
ܹܡ
СڣСʲôԸҩ԰ܹæǫӦ
ǹİɣŮʵ
ûΪҩ԰ִ£ǹС˹ҩ԰ܹ˵
ãҪ֪ϲϷˣŮˡ
СˣūţҲһ仰飬Ȼû⣬ܹСۣūŵĸ֣СҲˡҩ԰ܹ¶޷εľ㵣æ˵ɵСӣлСʶӽԺ㲻ҩ԰ˣ͸С㣬С˰ɡ
лܹܣлС㡣һæ˵
Ǿɣȥúʰһ£㡣
ŮЦЦһ仰ˡ
Ů뿪֮ҩ԰ִ²ϣһըΧ
СӿҪˣ֪ղ˭С㣬λǸϵС㰡
ȻС㷨ۣǲ˼鰡
Ժ󸻹ˣɲҪֵǡ
࣬
Ǹʲô̫˲ɣһȥɻҳһŵĳ棬ҩ԰ܹŭһ˶һ
׼ŭ֮ʱȴͻȻת
㵽ҩ԰ܹЦеص
ܹܴˡЩԵ߽
Сӣĸ֣֪𣿸ղλʮ֮УնɱӵС㰡С㣬ɲһ˶ǰֱԲݵؽ磬һУܳšҩ԰ܹĽǼʵ˵û˸ղŵ࣬ϾǺõЦݡ
ʲôղλС㣿ҩ԰ܹܵĻԴ˵һȻѹ
ղŻЩ¶ֻ֪Լˣȴ֪˭ˡ
ǰ˵ҵС㣬״ѧ꿪ʼϰ䣬꣬ͻƱԪΪݹŵأܳš
ʮǰҼԽӾ£ϻģλС㵱ʱʮ꣬Ѿ͸һǰߵսɱСʮʱѾն׼ʮȫǺպ֣нʿԾʮʱǴ˵ǹƥҹϮǧһʮնɱӵľ棬С̣پٳնɱܻ񣬴˵ϻĸֲΪϴ˲ĥĹ͡
ʮʱСж׹ңսɱõգͻͽܿʹﵽ˺ʮء
ĳɾͣףܹȼ磬дţ˵еһλǰˣѾƸΪͽʵңƽǰ̡


014 ټ
Ϊūˣҵ飬жţҲ˵СĶÿһ˴λСľ壬ͼһ֡
µӡУѾ׷ˣǸ߸ϵˡ
ˣ׵ļҹ棬񷨣ģߣǣȵСˣҲźҩһûиıҪǿõʶָ㼸Уʹ湦ط鵤ҩʱпܸıˣӵͼˣתΪ˾֣˽ܡ
ˣֱۺ졣
Ȼȴû˷ϲãͬ׹˱һ㣬ǵĺ⣬űӿ
С㣬ղŵλӣȻС㣿
һԼյһؼ
ʦʶ᲻ʲôֶΣܹ챦͵ãм䣬һ۾Ͱϳ᲻Ϊԭ򣿡
ѵʶСԵ޹ۻطͺܿˣԼūмӣӿɡ
ԭԼһССūͣпĴ﷨ۣ
뵽УӿֳңԶǧ뷨ƾǰЩӼ񵽵ĺƣ̣һҲ㹻ˣôʱѵ֪ԼֶΣѲҵ׷
ū׷ȣǷǳģû䣬˴󷢴ȱʹūū򣬾ѵĿܡ
νĽѰ˰ˣ˳Ȼɣ۷ʲôҶԲӦ䣬ȻСѾҵܣȴƣ˵ǵģ˵ͼıÿԳᣬӭѶϡ
ǺõĻǻĻǻҵת۵㣬Ѿˡ
֪С㽫ôԴԼҩ԰ȥԼ˾Ҫıˡ
¶ģʱʲôҲ;䣬С㾿ʲô
ڶ죬ǰҩɽ෿ӲʹսԺӣ洫һ۵
ãܹҪأȥɡסڸļҩ԰ִҲպ¶һ˿Ľɫ
ܹңô£򾲵ʵ
֪ܹǼԺܹܵУȨһˣֻԺķܹܲʹöˣû뵽ȻΪǰ
ǰ˳Ҫˡ
£ôܣûʮꡣ
㶮ʲô׵ļӣĸ汲ֶĹͣӵһū͵ˣǰʲôֵģ˵С㿪˽ڡ
˺ˣǾͲҪˣðȥɡ
ԣ㻹ǿȥɣõ¡
á˵ͷֱȥ
úӦîãһ಼ӵ꣬еȲ裬֪Ǵܹɡ
ɷ£涨ūŮ֮һֻܴñɫҲԻΪһЩ˴լţصˣҲԴ޳Уɽ亣ζӦоУȴ֮Խ֮٣һСľͻᱻץסѱڦѣԴ͵˶ҡ
ǰĴܹܣాʮܼ֮꣬λֻһ֮ңȻ
˵ͷѣУū˵İֻ֮˼ʮ꣬찾ͷˣôС΢᲻̫˵㣿һŬѵΪ˽ҹУ
֪ΪΣУͻȻӿֳһ뷨ȻŻعһҾòһ
ܹܡ
ܹܷ²豭Цʵ
ǡӦһʵ֪ܹңʲô£
㲻ز²⣬ܹǺ¡ܹܷ²豭ԸˣҪ˵Ȼ·Ȼʰһ£ȥ˰ɡ
ȥˣ΢
ˣСĸ𣿡
Ϊūͣҵ飬˽ġ
֪˼֮һһŮеĽ壬ȻڵϵӵУҴӣŮľСȻŮȴžޣɾͷǷ
ңȻֻһһССļͥ˵ģǼԽλļһˣ檣Сң˻ҵԺʮͬϵЩϵҲǿˣŮǰ;żֲСҲкܸߵĵλ
˵ĵλһܶ飬ͲֻϵԼһˣǹϵˣʹλҲһᱻɼ
ԼоСԼӣܻЩйأܹ˵ҪԼ֪ԼĲ²֡
ƽӵͷˡ
ţҲ죬ӹϵ·͵Աߵӻϡ
ܹܴģһɫ£Ȼʲô֮ƽʱĻ²ñҪõö࣬ϣһɵܰζʵҲůǳ
ȥоԼ˶࣬¶ƽʱڻ²ñµ곯
Ȼ˿ѣһ˶˼ܹ֡Цһ
ôܹܼЦˣҸմһܾϲˬء˵
ô᲻ˬ£븮õĲ÷֮һҲ÷ģѵǴСʣܹʵ
ºܺæҲΪֲ·̫ãͻȻõģЩϰˣҵȱ֮ˣվǲ
ȻĸСֺ࣬뷨ȴʱֳ˵Լǲ
ΪūۺʱεأҪУǰ֮
ǿ˵׼ܹ˵һ䣬ӻ֣ʾϣ߰ɡ


015 벻ѧ
ŴܹܽԺͨȥܿܵ˽Ӽ

һλӺݻĹˣϵغͰס
һɾ·˰׾ͬȫһҹӸòʣƤңܹЩݸ߹˴ĵ𼸷ϲΪݵĲ
֪ڿʱλˣȷ˼ֲŵĸоû뵽һūͼӣȻҲľʣⲢ˵ĳжôǻ£¶ʣʵĸоһڼĿܣȲ
ͨҲ֪ΪһūΪʲôĺƤңһ۲죬ȴͨģ˵ѪͨɫͺÿƤҲ⻬һֺܺõʣӦϣͨһĺøǡ
һ۵ӡȫòȡˣǰƽ棬϶⡣Ͼô磬ûдڸıĻū;ūͣôҲ˷ۡ
һ̥ǵı仯֮£Ѿȫı䣬˴ʱ͵ģạ֪̃ոǿˣͣų˽̬ȣλū֮֮𣬾ڻǱūͣԺҲһֱǡ
ʶһۿ֪ʺһݱūͣˣ˷绯ͷء
ˣС
˴ȴһ⣬йСػش
Ǹ˶ֲҷῴ㡣ƺĵһӡ󼫺ã΢Ц㲻ôнҶ㣬Ҫߵ棬ȻҲϣΪһ˲ţԺݲͬѧ䣬úȡϽ
Լǡ״Ӧȴ֣ôǲҴӣ𣿡
˼䣬ָָԵλº͵Ц˵ĸɽǿǸͣүǰվţһġ
ǰС˵λС˻վŹˡعæ˵
ããǸ֪ĹԺӡҲǿЦӯӯ
ҳƵģѯĳһһŶԴܹܹܵܣ㰲һ£ھۡҸƫԺɡ
ǣˡܹӦ漴ȥ
ܹܣ⵽ô£ȥۡ·ϣ̲סһЩѽСҪҵĳ棬ô˿Уֱ˷幫ӣ
ô幫û˵𣿡ֵܹص
ʲôݣܼŷ幫ӡҡҡͷ˵ôܹܼЦһֱڶͷˮ㲻ʲô飬ܹ֪Ļʾ
ԭ㻹֪ˣܹЦһ͵ھ͸ɣӽԺϸŷ幫ӣʵϣҪСķԸҲûбҪеţΪ幫Сİ֣һĸã˭ĳ涼һġ
ԭˡȷ幫ӵĳ棬ҲСĳ棬ʶһġֽȻǰɭϹŰ壬ʲôŮܲףһеģվǲýԺ÷幫ӳͺʶˡСŪȥҪʲô
Сִţ͸е˵˭пܿܣ¾ҪλСˡ
οǷˣмǽ佾꣬£ź˷ӣҩɽɶʮ껹Ҫǰ;뵱꣬ҲǴӴүĸģ˴ԴҪõ㶣ܹܻΪϢпϲѵ
ʹ˲ǲƨʵʹ졣ĵֻȴǲ˵ֻװҵӣӦǡ
ܹΪˣɵЦЦ
֮󣬴ܹܴһƫԺ
һǰϴľԭлģۡټʱӵܵţź棬һЩͥԺû˾ס𽥻ķɣã˷֮⣬ͷԺ͸󹦣߹£ܹһū;סʾ䡣
ˣĪԾסۡΪ١
Ҳû뵽ԼոͶһӪ̾ͱۡľסȨһסԺס£ĵЧ˵Ǹʹ͵൱صһ֡
ԺסɡָܹǰĴݣ㲻Ҫľɣǹ£ܹǲסĵطһֱúܺãҲûʲôҪ׼ģֱӾͿסˡŴ˻ҳȲҪȥɼɨɾ
ǾͶлܹˡҲֳл
˲ãܹܹȻ˼æǼڵشɨᣬӲݣͨΪﾭ˴Щֻһ磬ȫ׵ˡ
Ժӣ⣬˵Ȼһ£ҲǸɾ࣬סǲġ
˼ǮǼСһͣ㷹ػصԺӣȴһ֮ˡ
С㣬֮УݹŵصһΪܳȻȺԺУҿӣ˲һʱ̣ȺѾˡ
С㡣æǰ
ض񡣡˵ͷǻӦ
֪СǰкηԸλһİŮӣв²⡣
Ϊһ顣˵
С뽲˵
ʵң벻ѧ䡣
ѧ䣿
С㣬˵ѧ䣿


016 
Ļʵ̫ˡ
ֱԼˡ
СĺŹŮǰѾ˾ˣ˾ǣǰĿģȻΪ벻ѧ䡣
ĹΪѰûеõʹˣ͵ʦ䣬˽ϰٸ֮Ҫ죬ų
ңԼ޽ãЧҼ֣Ͼ˽µĲϣҲÿԣūݣС֮ǰûʸӴѧ书
ѧ䣬ǲܹͨеȨҪ˵ūͼˡ
С㾹Ȼ벻ѧ䣿ôʲô˼ѵ˵ڵĸѾΪţ˷ˣ
Уһ㣬þ޷ƽ
ûֻܽΪʲôҪѧ䣬ǲ˷˲Ű
ᣡҵĻᣬˣ
УޱȵĿϲֱҪЦ
ȴһ죬˶갡ԴĿøĸΪ˱ȫԼƴֵ̿ͣԼаģһ죬ҪūƿԼˣ˰ڲ
˶˵ĸĸͣΪҵϵӵܣŷܲسȥֵ̿͵棬ֻ֪ĸΪҵϵӵܣΪԼΪԼǰ;˲ôġ
ūȴº϶Ҫ⵽㣬ĸ֪һ㣬ν;׳١
˲ΪϣԱ˽ب㣬˲ƵĻôɵΪ˾ӶװԼˣǲˣû˼Ŀܣһʬ⣡
ģͻȻʹ
ؼǵã츸ĸԺԼһڹ̨£ȫһԥ֮󣬻Ȼ˳ȥ
ΪȣЩҪ
ĸ˫֮õҵչˣһֱúܺãȴϣޱԼõģԶֻˣǾԼĹףĸԼǸĸΨһ⣬ǸĸĸԼãҲ˽ڣ˽ģڵԼ˵Ұװ׵عסװ׵Ϊһū͡
ôû𣿡ֻ˷þûлش𣬲ɵʵ
ˡعæ˵
Цѧ䰡˭᲻룿Ļǧѷ꣬ôܰװ׷
룬УЩɺ͹ǡ
ѧĻС˵Ȼ룬ֻǣС˱ôܡ
ֻҪľУ֮£ؿǡ˿϶Ļش̴˵
ӽԺҸĸ࣬ʵϣȴǸѧ䡣Ψһ񣬾ǱĿޣãлᣬһ취ȡ߹鵤ҩͻͽʱ޳ͨΪصĸ֣ڸߵľ磬ҪԵˣͻƵرԪĻҲٰһö鵤صؼ㣬ʱҪʲôֻҪ֣Ҷʹ͸㡣
һҪ飬ŵĺôʾеķ
лСࡣֻ˵
ƺİţʼϤ
еϸʰ׵ȻԴӸ壬ŽãʽΪǧµӵһԱ
Ҳ˵ӽԺԹǰУȡͷ֮Ҳ͵͵
شԹˡ
ʧϲȻˣܹӴģҲͨĻ汾洫Ҳ¼νϳ˹ˣߣֻƬҲӵޱȰĹãͨɱȵġ
ڿεݣǳḻ˻ѧգ̽ɱ棬ȵӿƣͺƾٿԣţ㡭͵˶꣬лѧѧˡ
ѧĶԽ࣬ҵʵԽǿҲиĿܣūɣֻеʱԼ
֪֮ףǱĿѧǱĿѧһ;УиòĶһȱ©֮ͻȻ֣Լƺһ¥ˡ
ʵ͵͵Ĵ㣬Ҳжһ;⿿ԼлǲУرڸտʼʱ򣬸ȣͻôҲȲǰ˵ľԼ֪Ҫʲô£ϳ˵ز
͸ı仯ͻȻվл̤Ժ书ʱСɣӿصʽ·⾢֮ãһġħȭʮʽȭȵʽ
Щ书ҴӸ޶ʵõġ
ͻɽȪģХ֣
죬ƣˮ
ȭƱ䣡
ѣ
ݣ
ϸϸƷζǹδɢϲãһ˲ɶһ˲ʧȫԼȭУмԽԽɢ⣬ʱиʦһҡҡͷ̾ϢЩȭȡʽ
Уʹʱֻлӣûһ˿⣬·𲻵ˣȭ书Ҳ˸ʴãľ֮С
Ȼʱһɰƶ⣬ȻԺֳ


017 ⾳
Լ׷ѰĶʲôɣݣǰ;ԶãӹµΪиıϣ
ԣǧ֮УնƳһϵĻǰЩʲô
ҲӦԺֳ⣬䣬пҵתȫѪҳ
ڤڤ֮УƺһӿȵҪբ
Ҫ
ǣֻ壬һҪǿ
Уһȵů֣ת
Ϣ
أ⾳ӵеϢʼϳ֡
ʮ󾳽磬һƤǣ⣬ϣͨرԪȱط豹棬ʮԲ
֪ǰؾ³磬ʹõͨ˶еǿˣ󶼿ԴﵽЩ츳ˣ磬ҲΪʲôԼֱӴﵽǾ
Ӻؿʼʵü򵥵ֻӵˣܽ뾫ںΪһ壬ʹó
г˾磬⣬עصǶԼĿƣѪİˡ
׶εʵྫͨϢʹãԽǿҲԽǿ
磬·ϵĵһһأҲ֪ж˱ͨõĴ⣬Ե
ȴڴȴţһȥˣӴ֮ӵ׷ʸ
һյͻƣ
ǰĿ๦ûа׷ѣڳɾ⾳ˣ
ӿһϲȫû뵽ԼȻô죬ʹﵽ⾳
ľʱΪ֮һ񣬷·𾭹һϴӣԽᶨ
㾹Ȼﵽ⾳ʱһȵԺǰ˹
Ϣس֣ȻһƮƮӰĴ磬⼸û̽û뵽Ŷ̶̼ĹѾﵽ˺⾳

üͷ΢ƺоǰȣһЩͬ
һּᶨ֮󣬾ϵĸı䣬⾳ߣԼľ־ޱȼţߣ۹ǿСݹᣬһͬĵطԼĸԺţǻججĻˡ
ľȻ
ɾ񣬽˵ϲŭ֣ͽҸˣڼҸˣȭͬ
ӦǾŻʿգĿ࿴Ĭһ֮չҲӦõģҼȻܰյ£ָ㰲ݣ֪гΪֵǱҪ̫öûдﵽ⾳ҾҪԼ۹ˡ
Ǿȣȴܿ⾳ʵϾԼҲݹŵľţߣ۽ߣһţӹµ·죬ȴмӵģȻӦñֳͬڳ˵츳
ⶼСࡣҲ֪СĽص
֣ҿ⾳ԺûгЩˣʲ̫ãǾĻʵ̫࣬ҲЩ˸ѣֻҪܹȥʵܸͻͽһǧ򵽸߲εҵ뿴㾿ˡ
⣬СôҶС㶯֣Ŀԥص
û뵽С㾹ȻҪԼ֡
Ҫ£־ͳְɡü
ǺãС㣬С˵ˡӦһڳƣȥ
Լ⾳޶ַ꣬ʳ֪ĵر鵤ҩСԣ΢ġ
˵磬ͬնȫԴ󵨷ĵĳ֡
ҲϣƴȫһԼʵ˵⻹һл˶֡
һͻȻ֣ת˲֮䣬˵ǰܱݺݵѹϡ
һ֣̺⾳ֲž߱ȭ⣬ȻѾ߾е
ȭ⣬һһһһУܰʽʩչҲǻӡ
ͬʱ֮УȻһȵůӿֳ֫ٺ֮ߣȫѪҺ·һ㣬ƾձ
Ϣг˵ʦе
һĴڣη·ǣһ˲ǿ˼㣬ֱܰѹ͸
ʽͻȻʱ˼
ȭɽ
һâȫûϵȻŸո̤⾳磬ӵôǿϢңܰŤ͵
ϣϣָʹǵءϾеͣѵţոͻƵ⾳ҪٴͻƲɣ
ʱѾĹֱѾʦΣΪҲΪ
˲䣬ȫ£·һűӰռݣŨŨı˪ϢȻӿпʼӿŸոտȭƱΪ֮һ
ˣ
࣬һݺݵؼ¶һ£ֻһֻ޹ǵȻָ£ὣָӡԼؿһֱط˳ȥصײԺǽϡ
һõɾû˵壬ȴԼǳ׵׵ˣûκ
˵㣬ʮ꣬ӦþͲˡ˵ղŵĽ֣Ѿ̽Ĺǳ
ʲôʮ꣡ûָԼܹӮһаʽĻؿڣȵ
仰ֻΪ˵ʮꡱ֮࣬˵Ļȴֲҫ˵һɵʵ
ʣȷˣӴûãͻƵ˺⾳ľ磬ӵʮĹʹ˾ֲģڻʮĿޣܴﵽĳ̶ȡһۣ˵
⣬ô˵һ£ʵ
Լյһ˿š


018 ǳ
·ѧ䣬ܶණ֪ɻ󣬽͵Ҹղ˵ʮָ꣬ͶԹǳĻ֣һʦһʱڣֺԲȲ˯ʱʱ޲ꡣôѪԼ񣬶Щķͽһ깦
ʦĹǿϢʱܹɸϢͺľһ㣬֮⣬һȦȦơ
˵黭ĶڿйճһԲεĹ켣
Ŀ⣬ɵñ渵˵ĵ
ͺɵһţҪǳҸղ˵㻹Ҫʮ⣬ΪڸոͻƵѧгˣѪתΪϢ൱ʮҵĹʮԲȴҪʮĹмʮ꣬ûֻʵʵʮܴﵽˮۣˣܹ;һ޵깦ǲܣиȹͽһˡ
㲻ҪСЩķЩķжоʵϾĸֻȷܳΪҪȻֻ翵ۣšʱͣĵҲûйķ֮󣬺ʮ󾳽Щǹ˵ģ̱̤˵;
ȻôŵõĽͷû˵𾪵
ֱڣ֪ǰԼΪ书͵ѧǶôĴ
ֻиĸ֣͵ѧ书ʸ
Ҳ⼸Уѧ͵٣һСϸ⣬ȫˣʱһϯʤʮĸо
֡ԭˣһֱãﵽأг˾磬ü򵥵Ľо֣;ǵģȴԭǿǳ
͵֮УǰľѪתΪϢһͻƵ⾳ӵʮ깦ЩǰĻۣƾն
ûǱزٵġС˵ͻȻһתûͻƵأľͻܵ츳ǵƣҲ൱깦޷ӣֻתΪϢˣƳƣӡ
⾳ϣͲԼ򵥵ǹڼҹĻҲϳĸ
ʮ󾳽УһƤǣŻ֫ͽǵͨԿľʮΪֵֶΣ㿴սϣпԿʮǿı䣬Ǿľ񣬵֮治УҲһЩ츳˵ʿȻû䣬޴̸𣬵ȴܹʮϵǿٴҲֻдﵽ⾳ѧгˣϢ̤֮;
·Ҫӡ֤Լ˵Ļ˿ܣͻȻ߹ȥõ帱ʯǰͣ¡
帱ʯ֮Ժӽ䷢ֵģӣǰסǰ˵УҲӵʦ
ЩʯɼʵصʯƶɣÿһͬһٶʮģҲضʮģӣһٽ֮ء
Уһн׵ָָ⣬ھֽİϡ
Ҫʲôɻ
ɻʱͻȻָһҲôͰǸٽصʯ
ûУʯʱ򣬲ǿģǿϢ·һ΢Сһ㣬µض˵
⡭
Ͳһ¡
СʵɲⰡ
ʯжأԹģͻƵ˺⾳ĵزܹҲҪܾСһᣬֻһָֻ͹
⣬ԼҲ԰ʯüָǿйʯָʹˣ⡣
Ȼ򵥣ȴԿС㲻ҽ֮䣬쳣ͣȣԼĽǾͲࡣ
ܣޱȣѾʼ䣬Ӧһ㡣ڸ㿴Ĳʲôĸ֣֮˼ʱ˹
֮һ
˼֮ʵǣֻһָͷܽΪ̶ֳܻͨȵֳΪ֮
͵
һӣʮľǧپʮǧָܵдǺԲǷļޡȻǳûֱӹϵģһԽãԽ񣬾ȻˮǴߣʮϹʦĻһ㶼Ѿ˺Բľ磬ӵ֮ҲԿһûдﵽԲֱӵжϷ


019 Ǯ
ӹǧپʮǧ
ԣɵôΪ𾪡
ʮǧ٣ʮǧЩִŵԲ죬Ϊ˱䣬۾һ죬һӣ֮֫࣬ͬԴ
ǣ֮ô޴δҲ̫ˡ
ֲһֱ˴˵ǿʦ˺ӣԭΪӵʮǧϵôǿҲȷ˺ˣŲûпšˣС㣬ղᵽǳᵽĴС֮䣬ʲôϵ
ûʦӵô޴ʱһֻȻʵĸоæѵõĻ̵
ȻǳС˶죬Ļһ깦һȴеġҳݹƣһʮ
һ꣬һһǣ
ʯΪɽ󣬡ǰУѾ˲һĹһĹľĹǾǾžͬĵ깦Ϊʮ깦Ϊʮ
ΪΣ档
ΪһȦȦģÿһ깦ܹɵϢǼ򵥵ӣʵķԾ˵
ԭˣȻ
磬ѧԵϤָ£ʶԶԶǰԼ͵ѧࡣ
Ҹտʼ䣬ȻɹֱӾʹﵽ˺ǾõĻȻ֮£ͻƵͨƽɿ죬ȴȻûп޶ʦӵеĹʦضӵĹܲĪϳ˾磬޳Բ
䲻һգҵûܹС
ȷķ֪Լ꣬ѣԷǷǹֻͨڷܿ¿ޣܻ
һö鵤ҩȥֱʮ깦Σܹ˹鵤ҩǡѪ󵤡رһӵܣҲлʹ鵤ҩĻᣬ˵֮ҩΪѣҲͨʦܹ˷ģһ㶼ӵһʦܷʳ鵤ҩҪȻűϵпܡ
ͺ֮ҪװǣޱǺܲʵ飬ˣǵ̰ͨڣҵҵĿɣ㹻ıǮ½ҲĻҵ
ĻᣬҲбǮץס䣬ˣĵͨġ
֪֮ףҲûжһ͵˼СķԸʵʵؿ
ƽӺܿһΡ
ȥů𽥵ů͵ļڣ֮Ȼһһ깦֤˵Ļ
;Ȼܹ
һֱȥֻҪʱ䣬ܹʮ깦ﵽʮĳ̶ȡ
ٶȣԶԶͨˣҪȴô׵飬ΪԽҲԽѣΪʮ깦ʮһ깦ֻжʮһʮ깦ʮһ깦ѾﵽʮһҪ˵ʮ굽ʮ꣬ʮ굽ʮˡ
ͬһ깦Խ񣬱ԽԽǿѶȸżӴ󣬲ͬնҪһۺĹҲ츳ƽӹʦ飬Բʦһ֮Ϊ˥ϣֹ˲
ټϣͨ˵һ죬Ժ˯£ռ˴ʱ䣬һʮʱʱϣѾѵõĿ̿ڷܣһ굽ͷҲ깦
Ļ̥ͿʼֱһҲѴﵽʮ깦ı׼Ҫ˵Բˡ
֪ԼΪǾ죬ѣټСֲſҹͣһֱﵽͻͽЧˣûô޴ơ
֮ףúúϧС

ûУ
һ峿һ󼱴ٵĽл
ϳߣһҶŮԼͲ
Ҷһңʲô飿Ҷǰʯʵ
СҪȥ̤࣬Ҷ̡Ҷ˵ˣ߰ɡ
֪ˣһ¡˵ͷ߽ڻ·Ҷۡǰͥȥ
ۡǰͥһɼĴ㳡ߵʱ򣬾ͿūæµţѸָᣬ̤賵Ѿװ
ЩūȻ»ǿ彡ʮ㣬һۿȥ֪ǴӴլġ
ôĺūæµľ˲ų棬Щ
ҶȷСֻǳȥ̤棬ʲôộȱ˼ҼŮҪˡҶ˵
ū̧ž磬ʳеȵٿЩжľūʹŮСˣ֮࣬ƺƵɵð̾
治ʳ֮ңʿŷ
ҶһۣɲҪ˵εĲǼС㣬ͬǵĸҹӣС㣬Щ˶Ǵӡ
Щ˲ǸϵģЩ⡣
ҲǸ˵СʹҺ˸ţ¿ҪҷŻ㣬ҪǰʧҶĸѾߵļӣѵУҪһûӣᱻЦģʲôģͲ˵ʱңǧҪװֳЦ¼ǵ˵Ҫܱ˼ҵ£ʵûˣҲҪľͷƵվЩСߣð˸λСˡ
֪֪ˡҶĻɵͷƤ飬Ӧǡ


020 
æµʱ¿ūŮҲ룬վһ߾Ĭȭܣȭ񣬰ƷζϢеİ
մгѾʼֳʦȡ
Դ־绮ֵĵֽ֮һЩ̽ϢķţܿԼϢߣƷζ̺£⾳ơ
ϾͻƵļϣϣϣǺأϾѾһż̤ȥҲֻһˣͬʱĹѧʱҲԵȻﵽʮһꡣ
ҵĹ٣ﵽʮһ꣬ӦӵһٶʮµԼǧٽ
书ʽȭ԰ѱӳһȭӳаپ֮ء
ڰ˵˺书ķԼʵ
һ⣬һʵʵϾ
һһν֮Ƕĸ
֪˺ķԼʵԼİգˡ
ţǱЩʲô£
ͻȻǰһ΢ɧع񣬿˹ȥȴһȺ»ŮЦ̸ŴӸۡ˳ɫ޻ұݡ
ҲУһ°׳ȹĴ磬ƮɣȻŹŮĴ磬ȴȻڡ
ַ֣ܿȺˣƺΪףŴӵһʮµĻŮŮƺݸ߹󣬱˶һȡ
ЩŹӣŮҵӵܣ۸ڵ׵Ůǰȴһһƣһһ֣·ǫǫӺŮһǹһ㣬ΧתߵĿ㣬ҲʾӴϯվԡ
ŮʲôˣȻô£ǼСҲߣһĻɵ֣ѯԵҶ
ݵλ֪ģʵ벻ͨʲôܹѹһͷռͷ
رݹŵأ񷨴ι֮أλ·ضĹأǹһΧм䣬ӵнģһ㶼˵УݵλΪ߹Ϊٳ⡣
С㣡ҶѯһɫҰ׵ص㻹ҪҪˣʲô£ǿĿ£ǧҪ˵һˣˡ
һ㶣ҲûǼСɣСôʮصʣţʵǳ飬ĿȵҪ˵ˣǹҲԶԶȲϡ
ţҶ˵ĿݵλС߹
˵Ǳҿλͬһνӣ֪вµŮʲôҶʵ̲סѹ֣صؾ
λ£Ҷ۰ŮҲΨһŮ˵ʮӣȴֻһŮòˣӣܵĶҲ˵ʲôôܺλȣ
ʲôԭǸ΢ȡ
ô˵Ҷʵ
ûǰ˵ͷ˵Ůʿתڷ׻ʳһҪԭò°ŵġ˵Ůһ죬ʮ챩ͻȻ֮ͷ磬ƣɻҶʯ񣬴ӵطѴӿ׷ءţп飬ֵ÷з˾ֱ֪ڣǵһۼҪ˵𣬶֪
ʮǰȷйĴ˵ƾŮ󣬿ҵһĿɽҶɵÿһۣţ֪Ҳͦ
Ҳ٩ʱ֪ģԭûô⣬һ˵Ҿˡ˵
ݹŵأ˽ܵ飬֪˶Ӣۺܣһʱɧ˲ʶ
һʱִ£ͬӢۺܺͷЩӢۺܣ٣ţңҴЩ޴йء
һλ
˵һ죬콵飬ӿۣڣʿ׷ײ²ֱ֮ʣʹ߽˲֪ͷ
ڶ˽Ҳ˶ѣˣҲֻڱ˿˵ͷʲô伸ΣʲôȤãͲö֪ˡ
Ҳ֮һڽǰ˵һЩţûۿ˵Ҫ۾úõϸһء
ԶԶֻŮü촽νС磬޶ˣʮʮӣէһôеȣȴԵЩδѵӣ˳غߵ˵Щʲôʱʱ¶õЦݡ
⸱ģǸ˼СŮʵ˺Ѱĳλתϵ
֮УʿԲϾ磬ͿϣԶΣֽ٣Ҳ뾡취һ˿鲻ȻתλǰԲĴһĵҶ
Ͳ֪˰ɣȻʿתҲûôߵľ磬Ϊǰĸе̫ϳϣޱܶñеҩ굤Ϊ׷׻ʳҶһۣ˵
ʲôǰĸףе̫ϳϣ
ղŮŴת֮Ůֻ΢һ£һΣ֪̫ϳϵŮˡ


021 
ţߴ֮ף䡣
֮У߸ϣųơšֻдŴɣϹŵͳ飬ߴţЩ֮еٮٮߣΪߴ֮ףеߣеİλ磬൱֮УȺۣͳµĻҡ
ǰĸףߴеĵӣҲͨĳϣǻ֮С̫ϳϣ
̫ϳʲô̫ϳϣǰţǰǰţǰǰǰţεţ
֪̫ϳ϶ľ뢼ȻѾλûִƴȨǵӰȻڣλ˿ţй֮һ߲ǽȻͬġ
Ͼ̫ϳϴŵĴλ£ȥޣ̫ϳϣ˥ǻ㣬ûʸȨˣΪǹﵽҪƿһжҪˣΨһԸܹɣ̤ϵ֮·
˵ǴеĴ죬ϣ൱ʿ֮еĻϻʣ̫ϻʣﵽʿĶ㣡ݵλܵһҫ˵壬þ˼ʻ㣬Ҳݡ
λҶ˵̫ϳϵİŮתǾͱԼʲôﶼö࣬ͺ֮Уʮ꣬ɾ͸֣øڳ˵ݵλͷǷ֣ȲͶ˸̥е̫ӣ
ֲ⼸ҰĲʲôͼǡ
ƺյһ˿߲֮䣬Ķǵĺۼ
ܿ죬ֲɵȻʧЦ
С㽻Խʲôǣū˸òĵģλıȭܣƷȭʵʣ챦ӵ޾ʱأͶ뵽ȥֻҪûҡ
ܿ붨׵Ժȥˡ
ʱټĳ׼׵ʼж
ĸţӵܣϲڴٵʱѰһõʱڣԼѣ̤ΣĵĴ⣬ÿʱּ磬ɽգƼݼ仨㣬ƺһͬĳ䣬׼׵˵ЦһɺɵУƵسˡ
̤ǸʵĹȻɷ羰Ĳ񱼣Ƕһ·У̸Ц֮ЩȤĻ˵
幫СǻЦмӣߵūͣҲѵõչüͷӭһ굽ͷѵõʱڣʱǲ̫˼źܣ°ѵ𷣵ġ
ЩŮǣѵõĻᣬ໥̸ύԭϤı˴ˣҲΪѵĽܶ˴Ϥ
вˣͷβΧߣӭ֪Уོ̤ζ飬ʮԭҰ
ʱѾ磬֪ļūͺһӣǵɽˡ
ǾԽʮɽɽɫ羰˳ڴ˵رµʱڣвҵĹˣЯڣۺϡ
ɽϣ΢ḧԣһǶڱ̲ݵϵľ顣
ں⣬ضǸոճ֦ǳݣһƬƽĴݵأϷɽˮشƽԭҰΪǷ羰续
һƬ͵ĲݵسǰտԭҰ곤·ԵĸߴѩѾ֦ѿ΢ڣصС̺죬ţС·ҲûһƬïС
˿ǰĶ飬Ѿͣ
һȺûмҹС㣬ޣͲѣһЩ˴̤ݶС
ȥСǣҶȴһ
֪˵ͷūһʼæµ
ߵĲݵϣūڿĵطڷź磬ΧһȦλһ㹻ʿվ˳ʫȻǷ׷ӦŵַǷ
Щȴ޹أںԶĲݵϣԶķ羰񣬲ȻţʲôͻȻĶ䶯˶տյԭҰУһ޵ԶƮ
ţһʱo¶԰
ʱڳҹ־Ź⡭
ɫֻ԰ܱѡ
ɫнɫơ
ɫ
Уǧ󻯷𣬽Գԡ
ʲô
ֹһ˷״ܶϢ̸ūˣʫĹʿӣҲ׷׾תͷѰԴͷ
ԭҰһƬտ۶͵ĲݵأôҲҲԴͷ
Ǵ洫ģţ棿
ּ䣬ͻȻоЩԣɵһ̧ͷȥ
ǿʲô
ϺжǷ
ʱҲ˺һоԣ̧ͷһʱָվ
һڵڴԶкһ޴ޱȣ޷ֲУǸڵ㣬Ǵг֣һƿնζ
һ˲ſ壬ڵ㣬ȻһޱӴηۣһʵ֣ɽ
ۣԴͷȻһҷۣ


022 
۳ֵʱ򣬷羰ɽʱһǰδеģʥׯϵ֣۵ѹ
ʲô
˶ע⵽ޱӴηۣٶ죬ϢǰԶߣϢ֮󣬾ɽϿա
쿴¥󣡡
Ӱ
˾ص
ʱҲſ֮ϣ̨ͤ¥󣬻ͤˮӦоУ뵰֮䣬ҷ۷·ͻȻóۼϹڣ񳹼䣬˴Լ֡
Ƭ֮󣬷ø˸ǿһλ糺ʢװף̤ƮȻǵ޵о֮ǴзģķɽϿա
ԶӣƺԶߣƺǰʵɴݣֻҪüĿɴԼʣһλɫŮɡ
üĴһİԵף˵ʣҲ·һ֧ûܵȾİȻޱޱȸ߽࣬ͬʱһ˿صĹ⻷
ɤҲױȵĴ֮У˵ң˵ǣӣ޷԰ΣȻ֮УƫƫûйǵľգֻвԸĳ·У˵궼õ
һƪģλϣڤڤ֮Уޱ߱˰ķ֮ĴǻۣˮƢԼ֮Уɻ꣬ƮЩǰ꣬ĸأˣޱߵĴã޾ʥ࣬Ҳһͬ
޴޴Ǿ磬ǧɫһ
ͻȻоԼһǻ۶ĪĶͬʱҲӳͺޱߺҹǰеˣͻȻ¹⣬ֺޱ߿ຣˮߣ˰ȹޱ߿ຣ˰ϣǰ
ͨ򣬴ѣǺεȵĻεȵϲã
̣Զһʱ֮䣬ȻЩ
˶һĻ壬ԭأľ·˻һ
ҷ۵ĳ֣зϣ·ŮٷһʥֺϢ̺ŵ޸̣ǵ꣬ǾþԻع
˳У޷԰֮ʱһԵ׵ĺ׵سӭƮȻӡ
ƴ죬ޱ޼ʣֲ޷״
ԣѾ⣬һ֣ʹ˳ĻӰɷ˵ն
ʱ䣬Ϊ֮ݣ
¡
춼·ҪˣԶɽ£ǹ⣬ȫӴӰӸסֻҪ΢ǧҪĴ
з·𵴣಻Īֲ
˲䣬˵඼·Ҫըһ㣬ȫѪҺܿƵؽţͺһͨ˱ӽ͵شս
ָ֮䣬ضƱɫ
ͻأʿһ仰ǰΣϣ
ҵӣȻ鴫
о֮Ȼֹһĵ̾ϢƮֵķϴȻ͸ղһƺԶߣƺڶԡ
ͻһ˾ѣϵӣˡ
̤üӡ·ɢ޾ӣ̧һƾĺʱͣԭһأ˸׹ɵ
ɵϣ̺ĵ׹⣬ҵķâ·̴ܹۣ赭дһȴͣ
һԼоˣһһ֮䣬̺ƣƺ׹Ҳ
ⲻ׵ĹҲʿѵͨ˲ʹĹ
е飬׵ȼˡ
ΪԲ֮Լ׷Ŀ꣬ڲᵽǸ粢۷壬Խ׵۷塣
һ˲䣬Ķ˼֣ĸо
䣡䣡
ʱ䶸һأ˸׹ɵ׵رѿ˿µơ
ͻȻıѣͺϹ֮ʱ̿;ڣ֮䣬ذ״ֳͳڷɵƸֹδͣµһɲǣޱȵľȷ·𾭹˶εơ
趯ããһƬסۡ
ͻ͹꣬ǵأɲ֮ı죬ʹն
һףȸղŵ׹ʮҲΣʮϢĿֲϢؼз·˵ڶ̫ţǵĸֱɰǧǧ
˵۾ˣֻذããһƬһһ׹֣
ŮΪ׼ɣ
׹д˳ȻС
СʹֶͨΣֶΰ
˵ɫˡ
ϵƥҲɧһСɧҡ
ǧŰپʮſűף׺䶥úֶΣΪʲô׼ô֣ˣԭƵȦףʥ֮УҲͽ
칬еӿһĻƺͻȻ֮䣬Щʲôޱʹϧ̾һȴ˿Իңа꣬仯ϼ
׹⣬ϼ⣬֯һͷ칬еˣһֳֶնţնڵԭƵɫʱֻ谵·ĩս١


023 ħ̳
ɱ
ɱѽ
ŬʱͻȻɱӲԶĲݵϴȻŷ֣֪ʱܵĲݵ϶£ͷ׽ֳеˣЩһ֣ɷһ㣬ſںų˹
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ʲôͽ˽Щ˵ɵ𺳣ղණֳղλӣȻǰ̵ˣˣСƺΪŮǰ̵ˣ
ڵĴ磬ʱ򣬳ߴźͳߴŵĸӹ֮⣬ССɣţһɱΪаħߣҪݣĳ͢뺣ǼᣬǺϷͻᱻ͢ɱ߱Ѳݸŵץѹ
еķʿҪôܲ⣬ΪݸĹʦˣҪôͱȡޣɱѪ˵˳
ָѹֶ£ڣû˼ǰľ󣬾ͽӰԶķţҲɢӰ٣ֻʣ·һ֧ķ֧Ȼݹŵܴţ㣬ʣҹɢƶŮףͽڣȴھŵ֮£ʼûбȫ
ľУзԺڰ׷ձؽսʤڰĽ壬˱Ϊ֮£ȳʥ̣ͽĺΪңƽȻύŷ˶ŮĸĶŮһͬ磬˹ƶǹΪͳΰնĲ࣬ջ⵽Ǵĩѽ֮ʣֻỵ̂ſշı£İ֡
嶼żʣ˴ţԼ̫棬ҲǽŰŵ£մ֣Ž˴ںΪʲôĿһθ߲ȴСܹ˽ˣֻ֪ԴӴΪħ֮󣬰Ϊ̣ת£ʼ˳ǧش̣ڣ鼰׸͸ɣǹȥ౻͢൳ˣ̺޹ϸţǿɽˮˣҲŰһʱ֮䣬ӣѱ棬źͳ͢ҲΪͷۡ
һԿ϶ǣźʹĸ߲㣬һΥߵĴڣѾΪжд̣ˣɱ֮⡣
ңȻϵħ̡
죡죡£
һУʿӴĻūЩͻȻֵİͽɱǰҲ˼ͽɷ˵ٵɱ

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ǣ
ͷƹѣͽʱһҽУ˺˳ȥ
ʵӴã书ҲʲôһŲȱĲЩ֮⣬û̫ȳԽĵط
һС壬ɺʹ̥ǵĺôʵ̫ˣټҹ޵ڷܣһֱڣĽɿ죬ԶԶеκš
Ƥؾ磬ֱӴﵽǾ
ڻСʶ鼤֮£ͻƵ⾳
Ȼ󣬾ڷܿԼԼﵽ˺ص۷壬ͻƵصļ
ʱһȭͰ˴ͷѪ嶼ɳȥʾͬһʦľ޴
֣ͣһϣ
Χİͽһû뵽˹˹ģҹһòʣȴײкͺ
ղŵһȭҲǧء
ԸңһЦתȫȻһͽȥֻЩͨյѣϢûԸѾﵽѧг˵ʦ
̫ˣ
Ѿ޸֮꣬ʦͬڳ˵ǣȻȫһ֮ϾͿٴȫһûľǡ
ԣЩ˵ΧԼ֮УһЩ˷ܣһʵս˵Ƿ
Ȼ˷ͽȥʱСڵСͻȻӿһů鲼ȫ
ת֮䣬ոĵ񣬾ȫָˣϢҲһȫָ
һȫͻ
ʱһͬѰ鷢ˣСӿǵůȫʹϢָ֮󣬲ûȥʧǼߣԼԼĳңӦ
⡭ǡ
۾Ȼɴ¶ŵı顣
оԼһȭͽϣһ΢ɲ΢һƾֱԼ
ɲǼ䣬һƾСůΪһ壬ԿԲů˼֣ͺϽ͡
ңȫѪܣҲǡ
һѪӿӿ·޸֮ˮһ㣬մڶȫ
ϣϣϣǺأϾҾȻͻˣ
ԭʹﵽ˺⾳ƿԼͻƵϾļ󣬵ȴû뵽Ȼͻơ


024 湦Ч
ס
սͻƣ־ϲʱ򣬱İͽʧɫæкͬ
ţͻƺصľϲлعһȭؿڡ
ħģ
ǣµعǶӰͽǰ˳޴ȥ˲Ϣ֮
зɳʱоԼڵůٴת֮䣬ӯȫӣƳĸо·ǹůһ֣תԭֻʮһĹƺҲøۻˣѾԶԶʮһ깦еӽʮꡣ
ҵĹȻҿԸоҵԽǿˣղϷɳʲôȻܱգˣСһС֣
һ˵ʵֻʱ䣬ܿ͸ܲС춯·ʲôҲûз
ȴǳԼĹĵȷȷһЩԵ
ʱɱˣ׺İͽڻع񣬴ų
ߣ
͵תϢٴȫһ
꣬ս󣬻еˣ˷ܣţϾǴŴūͣҺɽҩ԰ÿ궼Ҫٷ̵ʱ򿴹٣Ѿ֮£ټϷС칦Чһʱ֮䣬Ȼ˲Ͻˡ
룬ֻлɱˣȡô¡

ͽͬһȭɳ
ľҾޱȣ
ʱڿƾǴӶԷüĴɳģ־ԼԣֱǴز鵤ҩŻɱˣĹ͵ֵһˡ
˼飬ʵ̫˼ˣõС£ҾȻ֪ձɱ֮˵ľЧ治ͷصĻˣСֻҪɱˣͿȥޣǣ
пϲףڵС챦ԼĻᣬĵˡ
ūͣһججǰ;ãҪ˵ĻᣬҲûУµõСĻ́٣Ҳֻܾҵҵİȥһ飬ֻҲֻȫûзĿܡ
صСϣˣҲÿܡ
ǼһҲܣɡ
쳤Х
ãʵ̫ǲǵ֣ӣ
İͽ״̬һ
Ҳɵӣڵң˭Ҳϲ˭һȭɱһĺˣȥԸˣҲܱǺܿɢȥ
ȴ׷ᣬɱͽյľ࣬ĹԽԽ񣬾Ͷ֮䣬ĵĲҲԽԽʱ
С֮ϵƺԽԽˡ
ҵĲ²Ȼȷģһ·ȫɱУĵϢѾһͨʦļޣȴΪСһֱӿůʼձ۷״̬ȫȻûб֣
СӿůƺԽԽ׳ˣҿԸоҲڸһǿֻҪȡȥҺܿͿͻƼޣﵽӸ磡
֣СƺѾ彨һޱµϵůӿתȫȻַأѭϢľľңһҪԼֻɱˣʬϵľֻҪ֮ڣȥͻԶȡ
һжԴСƺʹоȡ߾
ͬʱҲ֣һЩʵСİͽ΢΢ԺԲƣһȫͻůһĵˣʺ͹ЧûУֻʵпɵİͽھڲ֮ӯ࣬תΪ
СͺһרʹѪ⾫ղ˵ľУůһûŵģԴԴϵӿ˺ůůˮУǳ޾֪ƣ롣
ʱɽսƺһЩ΢ı仯ԽԽİͽ£Σϳȥ仯ΪԼ˷ϲõ񱻵ͷһˮƵģ͵ؾѹ
ãǹǽҪֱɱ
ݵλεͳߣҪĻʲôĺ
ң޹ūˣֻǱλǨŭͰܷȫԤϣʲôʧԼ϶ù
˵
Ҳ˲Ͼȡ˲ͽһ·ɱУӲشһѪ·Ⱥеĺϸȥ


025 


ģֹһӵܴūͣҲ׷׺űĿںţɱҵĺϳȥ
аͽĸ֣ҲҪĿ꣬ԼҵĹӣС㡣
羰ɽɱ¾ǰҰѪɺӡ
ɱ
ߣȻֱϵ·ʱѵͽʬˣЩͽȴηһкɱһһسɱ
ԽԽūͺͻˣ£Żһѳ裬ѿԼİͽˡ
ں֮ȺУӽ磬Աɱж´ࡣ

ʱһĶС
ļҵѾߣȻðʧɱҵĵط
һѾװŮԼ滹˽׷ᡣ
ͻȻ䣬ŮҲ֪ܲ˻ǰʲôһڵأ׷ɱȴû˿ϧĴ㣬۰׵ľȥ
鵶ˮ
һĻԥصһתеУſƿջľҺХնˡ

ͽ׷ɱѾװŮλεļ⵶Լͷɵþһͷſڵء
󣬻ʵˣһ֮ӲذӹŹǰ˳
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ҡҵĽŤŤˡŮ̧ͷ¶֣ص
ԭղֻû⵽һǳСӣһ̤ȥŤ˽ţҪó֣ʱѾ棬ɵ¹ˡ
һòУԼĹƣȵͽֻм֮ڲ˺Ů
Ϣ֮ץסᣬһһͽȻ󵶷һתݺݵشš
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ȫϢٴ˴ҩһ㣬˲ָȫҲһЩ΢ɲʣľůһ£С֮û
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ÿһȫһ䣬ԽԽڷſֽˣĶȴΪһƳй󣬾˲
˳֮󣬰ͽ¶ԽԽ࣬ԵЩæҡ
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ץסᣬǰ̤һ͵һȭڰͽǰڶԷŵĿУ˽ȥ
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ôҲ벻ͨȻܹһôȭ˵ҡ
ͽ֮󣬾ɳܿ壬һΣĹȻʮ֮࣬ʣµľůһСУû
ţôߣ֮תһŮȻԭأûгûߣɵøе֣ȻߵħͽѾ⣬ѱǲɱ㻹ǸϿҸطɡ
ҡŮֹؿҵĽŤˣ߲
߲üͻȻǰһѱŮ
Ůһ㡭ʲôſң
ҪҴ㵽ȫĵطȥһ˵꣬ҲŮ飬ɿٵĵطȥ
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ȴ˲ô࣬ܶǰͽһСģҪΧ
Сرܹ˶ĵطǱԭҰľïĵطһԼ£ټĲݴڣһʱ֮䣬Ҳı˷֡
˿ܣŮˣһСһ㡣
ҪȥﵽˣҪҶŮŵʵ
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Ůϣ¶Źֵɫƺֹ˰ΣֺЦص㻹ɵûڴս𣿿ڵĵطҲħͽеĵطԶԶΣգ˵ֲʲôϵͲҸȫĵطս
ôһ㵱˵ľûУˣŮһ˵ôɣɵһЦ񿴰׳һŮΪҶɵӣ׳գ֪ΣգҲҪȥΪû͵ˣҸȫĵطҸ㣬¹ش͵ˣ˷֣ǿҪԴģˣûѡɣƴɱһʹ죬սܵνܵΣ㣬ôѡ񣿡


026 𾪷
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ԿԿҲ֪Լûɣʱȡ֣Ѿûʲô˵ˡ
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ţѾߣС٩٩̸ûʼʱǱҵӣɵøе档
ߡŮһͣô㲻˵Ļ𣿡
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ܲôҵķ壬ϣرĲӣ𲽵ıѩٶȶƽȵ֮дӿ´֮ʱޱȵĳ죬ӿͷ
ϣϥϣϣ
侭еȭ裬ԼˣոעĹɣĶҲ·һ֡
˽ƣһ壡
𽥴ȫϢһ޵С
ִϢǿķţʦ޵ģѧϰ䣬Ѿϰ֪ٻأʱѩʱһ֪кһڻͨĸо
ףⲻΪԼսԽˣΪѩͨԵϹս˺ͨľ飬һʾܻŲ㣬߼ۣϣҲֻĺܳΪս
Ǹоѩ֮䣬ҵĵͳѩٶȼ죬ӭ洵ķڶߺХ˻𣬷·𻯳һĸֵҳˢ۾Ҫ˵·ˡ
ҲǰͻƣǾ磬гĽǰصľ磬һĹֻ¼ֲһͱ˦ˡ
ʵ̫׺ˣΪϾʦȻܣѵǡѩȥԭ򣿡ͻȻ֮뵽
˵ѩһƥͨԵĺǰӦƢԼ˲Ŷԣȴôˡ
ԭҲ˰
֮ͨ󣬲ɵðԿЦʱףԭѩȥΪá
ת䣬ܵľֻǼʮ֮䣬ѩѾѹٵе˦˺棬ٵҲС·ԵľԽԽ࣬ԽԽܡ
ڴﵽޣͼѩȻϵͣ
죡
оԼȹҾһ㣬ůģʹһҲǳ
ϴϢѪеĽͺһսҪΪСԴԴůѾ۵ſˡ
Ҫȫ߶Ϣǿѩʱĵͳ֪ٶȿ쵽ʲôĵز
ţһ籮Ȼô͵½򣬱ļڵأ
ʱ˿·ߵĽ籮ɵЩȻ
븮ʮءҲ˵ղżʮʱڣѩʮֱ˼顣


032 鷳
һָʱҲǧٵָ£ʵڿ°
ұΪԡ˲ϢɵĴ˸䣬ڿʵʵûа٣˵㡣
鵽ѩٶȣɵޣԽо֮治С
·ܵѩ˰ͷ
ûаκ飬ôأһδӡ
һ㣬Խϲƥ˸˳ë
񿥣Ȼ
ǣѩȥļģΪʵûа취ȥˣղŵʮ·Ѿ۾׺ףǵ÷ʹһ磬̲סǿ۾·Ľ
СԴԴϵزҲû㹻ǿʡ
ʵ㣬ȷûʸˡѩôҪͨ뻯
һΣѩҲ˸ŵʶ
ܹͨϢõȫ£뻯ľ磬ֻдﵽһ磬ǿѩʸ
Ҳǿ˶ѣ벻ѩϣٶȡ
Ҫ۳ңµҪӵкͬʵС
ѩͬʵǺʮأԲ
ţһĵ
ʱֵһһȵļ֮ڣӸظϵݸ¶ӸǸˡ
Щ˵УṆ̀ʿӵܣƶ˼ңΪļ·˲Ͷĵطû·ĺӵܣֱܵǰսͶȥˡ
˭ͷǱģŵʵ̫ˡ
ûһƥıһ۾Ϳˡ
˵Ĵ磬ҲǺһǰͶģ֪ʲô֣лĻҪȥʲźãҪܹԺͶХսɱжṦʱ
һЩͶߣĻϲ۵
һʱǿˣȻ²ݡ
ûа취ѩʵ̫ˣ˹ҲУңͷɢҲͬۡ
˲ٰҸϵˡôڣԵ˵ͷ
λϵܣҲǰͶģһʵõѩʿ˳ȻǱǣŵ񿥲֮ǿ
ʿˣȻҲƥʿǰڨڳˣԱЩ˷
ǰʿܿƥǾûϷˣֿܹ黹Ǻõġ˷ܵͬʱҲԴЩϧƺǰʿ⣬Ƕ׵
ҽҲע⵽˵ɧڴ
ԭϵܣʧʧʿӲɫذ˴һͻȻʿܣΪֶ̨֪֮ǫ̂ЩƵӣĪɣ
Գֶ֮ʿʿܣ˵ҲЩ㵣ͻȻ֣Щƣƺ
ҲƣҲ˵̧ͷ˿ɫʱˣȽȥͶͷ˵
ʱѾϼʶ׿Խūʹ̽ļ³̣֪Ժ󣬵һͶԼŵĸ飬Ͻ٣ȻȺš
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ֻЩµıŻŰ裬Ҳ룬ô԰磬ôûС
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ǸǣģվסʿܹӰ԰յʱһѼɤƵȴ˵أߣվס
ʿܵĽСģڳ˲²⣬ɵҲһЩˣۼ˶㿪ʼҲϸ˼еԭ
Ѽɤʿӣ֮һһӵܣٹǮıѫ·ѩ񿥣ޱȰĽȲǰס
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ҼҹӿҪ£û𣿡һĵūָıӵ۰ɡ
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ʲô˻ЩССӣ±ʨӴ󿪿ڵ𣿡ѼɤŭˣǵūһţתСӣֻܿۡ
ۣ⼸룬ͻȻɫһ


033 
ѩù״ĹƷСԡ֮˵еľ񿥡
ӵԶѪͳǧҹǧ̤ơִ˵ݣᳬʮƥȺʮԲʦҪϡ٣
񿥣ѾԶԶƥļֵﵽϡ䱦ĳ̶ȣĹͱĿɺΪʵ۵ʱ򣬲Ǵ֣ĻʵµĴǧķأԼССǳأ˿ڣȴʵһھܾˡ
˵ʵۣ˽Խ¶Ц֮˵֪˵ҪǧĳǳأӾƣʮˣͿԵõԡȴٶҲôܹˣ
ʱ˰δˣϲ񱼣֣ǰͶĸӵܣмľӣܹܾɫȮջ
գȵȵȵȣǴʿϲģЧķݶС
ǣȴһܹӵеġ
𣬻˰ɡ˵
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ҵ뿴ôҳԲ˶ߡ΢ս
㻹űˣֱҪӸ㣬ҲҲѼɤ
ӣҪСӷϻСȸǣȥͷʰһٵˡ
ǣҲͶʱսôĶ֪ǰѵһ٣򷢻ȥˣҲһ¡
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ӣھҪʲģ߸ʮūͣǿ׳ҲǼǣŵ񿥲ԲǺŵӣҲǰǵԭ
ݣֱ֪ת֮䣬һַſһտ۳צҵϳѧʩչ
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ת֮䣬ħצץ˼ͷϣһѪ˺һѪ⡣
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͵꣬໹³˵ĳѧߣϢܹʹϢģղʽ֮䣬Ტãշ磬ȻѾﵽϾ֡
֣룬ҲԳƵţȴû뵽Ͷļˡ
ʲôʦ
ûʦ̤⾳꣬Ͼʦ
ְۼһˣôϾ֡
֣濴ղһһʽ֮շк˾ƣԲģϾǺأͨҲԶˡ
Ͼʦȫھıȡְˣͳһʮˡ
Ա߿ϷˣҲһ
Щ˴󲿷ֶʦȴǺǾ£ûϢ³ʦг˾磬ǶԸ߸ϣԳԽԿ֣ȫˡ
Ϊһ˾ͺ۸ȴû뵽ôǿա
ûҾʦѼɤصһˤ̤ڽ£Ҳʦ޸ֻ֮Ѿ۸˰ɣû뵽ҾȻԶԶǸҽҲ۸ζ
ңҵǡ
˵䣬ѾһŲѼɤϣݺ
뿪֮ǰл飿ɭϵĹأиʦʱأҪСıһССūͣʲôҲʲôҲˣŶе
ȴԽоԼһó
ԭ˳ӱģ𣬾˵ˬ졣
ͻȻоһֳ˲ιһ㣬ȫʮǧë׶չ޷ݵˬ죬ȫƺиһļ
ģвƼգ־Խᶨ
֪Լһֱ׷Ϊʲô
Ĳ㡭
Ӳ̧һߣѼɤ˶صײǽϡ
һ˹ȥ


034 Τ
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вͿţһȺ̧ǵĹǱӡ
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һۣϡЩƣƺǽ̤ʿӣɵðԵ˵ͷȴûóȻǣѩ߽Ժ
ĹӣҶӡ
ʣӡ
ˡ
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аʸ񣬿Ҳ󣬾Ȼ˺أĸҳţ
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Ҳָҡҡͷףʿܻˡ
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ţԽˣһ䣬û뵽ȻʲôûдҪǳ֮ʱŷϵ̧ͷֲɵһ¡
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л˵ͷǣѩԺȥ
һ߽ȥʱɫҴҴź߽á
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һȺ޼ɵĻ˶ͽʲô󣬷߷ߵһ
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Ƶ΢ɼһߡ
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˵֮䣬ҧгݣε¶˶ңԼķߺޡ
ˣ㡭ǵؿ˿ֹ
ٵ˽ġ
٣ΤʿԭҲϴеһԱ罫ɱУ´С
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Ǻεȵļ壿ǰϴͰһ㣬ˮйͨļ壬̾룬ӵйʵ۵ּҲԲССļôҺ£һˣƣΪԼ׳ˡ
ΤͶڼ֮󣬲ŷϵʱҪڣȴѾ̫٣ȡϽٷƣվӺԭĹͶĨɱżͱǰߣ󷽹¶ļ¡
ʱϹٰǰߵĽڣǺһӵܵСͻͣõõģҲӵܣ֮࣬ΤӴ˾Ͱҳӵܶˡ


035 
ѩٺ֮ļԺ
Ժӷǳʮɵĳ۵ĵطһŲͬʯеиߵԶͬļУԺӵ棬һԽ䡣
ѾȺһЩǺһģҵ龰ʱϳС
Щ˶ңܾȣߣϾʦôҲ뵽ҵڣֻһūЦЩ˵Ĳ²⣬мһˣɴĿ񣬶ƷζﵽϾ۷֮Ϣͨĸоͼ߲Ρ
ԴӷСӵձ˾ԪԪ׳칦Ч֮оԼıһ£ǾСƿأõɡ
ղųֽѵӣҲı֮Уԭʹ⣬븮֮һǰС΢ı磬緢Ű裬ܰݺõ־С˵ĽɫСΪԼԣˣӶɾ裡
֪СԼ븮̹̹ûаκ˸棬ʵϣݾĵ̣ĸţߡǣӿµǣЩ֪˭ʤ
ԤϣԼһһӲСĹ۲죬СĵĻԼʲôˣС£֪
Ҳһ˼ͨ飬ʹͣίεӣܿҪˡ
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ξ˵
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ЩǰͶ¶߱ҪôǸԼҹүǰļūԼţһӦȫͿ̵٣ãҲЩµȼūԼ£˸ݣҲıȡѫ·һСģпܽΪ鳤ʲ
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Ҳ֪ƶУͯԡԺǳѡ˲ţһֻء䡢䡢ǹȵȼգҪʵս
ͨЩԣòμӿƾٵʸ񣬳Ϊţһ㶼Ǻϣг˵ˡ
Ϊź󣬾˹ӵиֲͬƽȨòμʡԵʸÿһΣ߳Ϊˡ
ԲͬͯԣѴҪͳ͢ŵĶֽб䣬ֻдӱлʤĿܳΪˣԣһֻдﵽͨʦо١
ǰĿѶȣϵˣܹͨģҲֻˡ
ԣξ٣ˡ


036 䱾
٣֪ʲôëҡҡͷ
磬ﵽ˺ϾѾ˵СɵʦЩˣЩţϾپǳΪˣҪͨʵ
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٣˾ˣʲôӵܣʲôգɽ˶׵ĵһ£Ȼ鲻Ըж
ɽʯԾٰɡ
һ꣬վټʯǰɫԥļСĴߴ£ǲòǰʯʹ̵

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ƽ縻ţʯԾٰɡ
ãģ𡭡иţ׳˼ĭһھʯȻ͵һȣ߾ٹ
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ˣǰԾЩ˹أЩ˱̭
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ڳˣͨļ·ͶΪĹ̵棬´⣬ֻǹڣȴһ⵽˵ѣǰǮƣ൱ڰ׻ˡ
ˣʲô˼¾һ̭ӵܲʡ
ξϹ֮½ļΪ͢ѡ˲ţټȻؼݬ룬սҲֻۼˣȥô㲻Цһص
㡪ӵܴŭԱʿ仢ֲɵô˸¡
ĺݻȴôҲ˵ˡ
ʵôҲΪǺãαؿһüչӣξٿˣŭǣͬɫһοڵ֮ҪҵĹ죬ʲôҪ˵ˣ˰ɡ
˰ɣϾϹ٣Ҫ˺ţԺ󴦴㣬ɾͳԿˡӵܻ˵Щʲô˼ģæס
ҶѾ̭ˣ̸ʲôԺӵӰ׻ˣӵܷŭ
ɵξ˵¾ˣǮϹ٣˼Ȱ˵˵ˣǲǻ﹫ʱ﹫˵飬һ֣ξϻһǧһ䶼Ҫõöࡣ
ӵʱǰһԣȥ﹫Ӱæ
ֵˡ
˽һʱֵ֮Ⱥվǰ
ԽСؿһۣϰɡ
˵ͷץסѣһ˾ʯץ߸߾ٹͷ
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˵вʦһף磬Ѿ˽ӽͨĵزԼƣﵽ˺ܸĵز
νġᡱ
˾ķţȻгξٺݺݵؿһۣߣôСͣ˾ķţƾʲô˰ðپܲÿ
پױ
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˼ΪﶼԾôҲӢţʸͨˣɶµǰҪȴû뵽ĿŲ붼ξٷ۲˵Ҫ䱾صѡ
ξˣ˵ʮôɰپˣǿУܹҲࡣϵĴɵʯȻ˵
ʯӦԲջ𣬲ʱʮĿ˸ĳɰپʮлˡ
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ξ˵ٻãҲݲУûмǴĻپǾ֮ʿı׼ͨˣҪ֮ʿеĴԱƥǰͶǺصʦվɣΣУξ
Ŷξû뵽Լ̧ɣҲ̧ͬɣһĽɫɵֱ壬ص˵⻰ʲô˼
С˶ˣԿپΪˣӪУξְ֮ΣҹһأȻ޻˵ܿپгѼ䣬ȴûܵãв˵
СӣһвξԣЦ
ľУԡӪΪƣһӪĳ٣УξʵϵľִߣƽʱѵսҲУξ¶ĳһӪУξν֮졣
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˿ԺеĸˣһϷ飬ƺڵԼʳԶʣɥʧš
֮УѳΪ˵Ķ棬аȴΪӢۣġ
ߣһĻСӣξٴһӣȻξһᣬֻҪܰҵҪɿˣҾУξְ֮Ȩһеġ


037 
ˣλòξǸİ
ξӦξߵױæȰ衣
ԣξҲԼĸģھУҲһĵϲ£ְѫҪŷ䡣
ղӴ󿼺Ѷȣ̭һЩǮĸӵܺ竣Ҳȫ£ԼĿǡ
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پǿĿ˱׼ʮΣѰУûôס
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ǿвܹܹÿãΪûҵˣܹȫѾȥ룬ڶΣҲ´£һΡ
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ֻѡЩɵǿܹʱǿ;ϣ߶࿪α㱨ϡ
һǿ˿ɿټĽУǲ츳˵֮ʿȴܹõ˳ֵǿһ㶼԰پǿΪߣ䱸ھУ
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ʵûпֹܿģǿпһΣûа취ټȥԴСԴԴϵӿůʹ棬پǿҲ˿ܡ
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ˣӵкһΣͻﵽޣȫʱСԴԴϵůӿֳ޾ʱȫ
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񣬰Ӱ֮䣬һ֧ûض룬زԺǽ
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Թ۵ˣҲһȻȫû뵽ܹپǿ
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ξ˵ȥʣµĿ˶ԺеžʿһȺ׽ϱض˰ףӣ˾Զ֮
ȴûǣԼּ󣬱Խȥ
ϵܣҪ뿪ʱһ»Ц˹꣬Գʿܵʿӡ
ϵܣղſǴһȫˡ
Цˡ˵ţ۾ȴߵһˡ
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ԭ﹫ӣʧ˵
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˼ҳ꣬ôװΣҲװβЧǴС󣬽ʳӵеķˡ
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ԣɵûһЦ
˵أǻΪϱ׺ѪһԲ;Ҫɱˣסˣϸ룬ƺҲܣôͻҲ˴һܰˣֳ
ӪſȺϢ⺷ǿ׳ϱٿԼߣһȺɫͿӵ竣ͣūֱĿ
˶ֵǰʵ˿ǣ˷·ѾԼһ˱ݺݵؽѵһ٣ñס
ҪĳǾ澡ʧԺҲ̧ͷˡ
뵽˵ɫЩѿ
һ٣⵹Ǹദô࣬ôȵϴ˵ɫҡͷĵطںͷѡڽˣҲϹģһǿ棬ÿһʮµľܴƨɿ
ǵأ˽סʵĻǾͲżȥ˰ɣ
ûǣҲǿԵġһ˵
˵ʲôƾʲôǽȥҪɵȣȲشһЩ˲⣬Ž
λӣܵȰǵפأӪկӣ̫ɽ֮ǰûнӰٺõĻͬΥ
ҽӵ̫ɽ֮ǰ첿פأɽӡ
ʱҲɫ˵һ䡣
ڿȴǽˡ


042 ɵն
ѣȷڣǽѡ
ԣؿ˵
һӪ˵УͲҲûʲôȴǷͷˣҶ֪ܹپǿոһͿ˵Ϲ٣һ˵̾ͳΪĿĽ㣬ƣǰҩ԰ССūܾ߱ġ
һУݵλʵ֮󣬴ĸı䡣
Ӧǳġ룬ͻȻ˵
Լãʿʵ
ۣǾг֮£Ӧڱ־档˵ıƣͼıΪʲôҪôҪѿһʱ֮䣬ҲûĿˡ
ϵܹ۲΢ʵʿܵ˻˭أѵΤ֣ԲŸӪУξľְ⼵ޡ
ӦòĻͳˡӦΤһҪУξְˡ˵УξǶһдºۡ˲ŵģΤǴλøû뵽֮Уҵͷϡ
ۡˣЩ죬һļСûˣ˵һӪξʿȻص
ûնص
Ⲣδֻ֪ߵϸ΢Ӫʮ˽⣬ΪЩӣ˽ˣǰξƺҪСġ
ȻһӪأ鷳Ļݣ˭
ţ޹صˣðŷ׽ŪϹ٣Լô˼ޣôҲһӪ٣ܿپǿոǿĴţԼҲ˭ǣ˭ǵġ
˸ոӪſڵᣬһȺϱڵɸɳסӪţҪ˵鱳ûָʹôҲš
ڸô죿ǲ˹£취ɣôţҲǸ취ʿ
֪˵ͷֱߵӪǰǹµϸҳ
һ£Ӫżʮ׳ĶҲ½ͣЩŹֵؿԽڶ
ֵܺµһˣҲЩżղѾ˵óȻǰпܼȺŹԼһȺˣǰϱĶ֣ôôǿӲ
磬˵֪ôòӲɣʿЩǣѹʵĻǿ϶ҪԿġ
ǰ˾ѹңЩ䣬ϹսѪģû²ҪǣֵòճʵôҲǲȱż˵
˭̸ֵʱһͷĿģ׳վ
ǵУξ٣һӪͳ졣ɫ
Уξ٣׳һۣͻȻЦ˵Уξ٣ôô۵Уξ٣Сӣ㲻ǲǵİɣ
СӣëûУᣬͳƭˣɲá
ҲŴ۾úƣʲôطפӪʲôèƭ˵ĵطС޶ǿؼȥɡ
δɣ
׳ȻЦֵܣһȺʿӣӵܣɫȫ
ǺֻʮĽ飬ǣȴѡУξ٣ȫͶ£ϣıвɵĶȹӾģȴû뵽פӪĵһ죬ͱϱô衣
ڳˣͺ࣬ҪСɫѿ
Щˣǰһˡ
˶棬ǲģɽֶӶڣ
Уһ£ôͻȻеԼشӦ
ƹܵһӪʽϣɽӡӣɽʵ࣬ӣǿնʺʿֵܣռɽӣֱһʮˣһʮˡ
ʣµһӣδıĸ١ۡϣ֪гʮˣһŲ֪ˣָһӵʵȨҲִƷפӪʱҪȡص㡣
ǣҴľɣĿ𳤣£õ
⡭
ҳңмҷԴС仰Ҳɵסˡ
Ȼ֪ϣ˵ǡɵնĸ֣ȴʼտںУþԳڡ
ðɣЩΪѵؿ
ķкܶ࣬ôҲ벻ƴȻѡ³ç޴һ
ԹɭϣСʮʮն˵ипܴЩɣն
ξҪּҲŵĲţɱԹЧֶΡ
֮У̺ޱȶ񶾵˼һ仰пܰǰЩ׳õأȻЩ˵Ҳã黹ֵĵز
˭֪ʮʮնʱǰ裬ҪϸִУֻ¹ȫµľӣ󲿷ֶˡ
ϵܣôˣʿѹ˵Ҳ˲ԣԼĶһۣ˴жǲ⡣
Ƕ˽⣬ô³çˡ
㲻˵Ǿ˵һ˿ײʧޱȵĹ٣£ɵնǶӪſڣ£ʲôѵ뻩𣿡
һƬŵĳ
Ÿʲôÿ
׳Ҳû˼ЦδˣеޱߵĿֲݺݵؿź˼Ǳ˰
ãÿ࣡һŭӪŴ˹һɵնʸ¾ʲôˣȻڳ͢پǰ״ѵ˲ɣ


043 ξ
һȫңװʦʮ£ɫ
Ⱥ߳ʱ˶ܸоһ̺֮УѪתķš
˵ŭһͨȫѪһ˲ӿŭġŭڡ
ڷŭʱѪӿӾУͻ죬ѪǴȣױó嶯ͨˣʦľ־ʣԶԶǿڳˣ⾳ҪǰЩ˶еڽ书ȭȥ
ʦĻ𣬶ȳʢʦҰģҲȳǿҡ
Щ߱ʱǿʹ
翵ƣϢʵʵڵܹ˸оõҲܹ
һһǣģΪͺͨǣ˵塣
ҸˣڼҸˣȭͬ
ʦŭ⣬⣬ս⡭ֲͬ⣬ܺܺõѹתΪͨһʧ
Ǻ⾳ʦʵ
Ȼʱ䲻ȴͻͽ飬ѾǵǸҵҵҩ԰ִ£ūƵʦĻܵƣʱ㿴˵磬Ǻ⾳
أĹʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ƕʮꣿ
УԽ䱸Ϊ˵һһ֮䣬оͻһǿѪǹȫǿױȵزı֡
ð٣ͻţҲѵ㲻֪ʦЦţ֮Уһ˶оóŭ⣬ȻѶвĽ䱸
ð٣ͻţɫһͭƣչʾǰôĵӣ㿴ʲô
ʽ֮󣬾Ÿš
λǷפӪУξ٣ˣʽܿͻ´ǲ񡣡ͬǰѺصϱУϵʦæѵ
ԭУξˣʦ治ɫΪ񣬡꣬ΪӪξղŲ֪˵ݣе漴תͷԵ׳Щ˶Ϲٻ񣬵žź򲻳ɣϿУξˣͳͳȥÿ˴ʮ
Уξˡ׳鲻ԸȴӦ
һû˿ޣңʾ֮ǰģһ䡰ղŲ֪ײƵһɶ
֮У˫ѾչһֵĽ棬˴̽ȴ
ξ𣬿˹ãó·滹ôĳȫҪȥģһӪǰ飬ɾͲˡ
ڳȻӡ֤е룬˴֮䣬ղչ˽棬ȻֱϹٵ壬·
ٴһѹˣùϵӣǾΥ
˵ÿ·겻ɫص
ξǵʳڵˣһʱòһױ˵
ô£¶ɫ
ղŽӪʱһͷ˾͵߶ˡױΪѵ˵е޿κΣ˿˶ãȷѰ졣
ˣʵڱǸ·òת˵
˵ʲôĻһŭʱ̺ĵŭ𣬴߶һȵ֮Уһַ·ʱҪֵĳ嶯
˾͵߶ˣֱ֮飬˭ţҲʲôɣϸÿ·˵ţؿˣΥӣҪˣ
㡪ʱŭĿԲɡ
ڶϱԣվҲһŭĿӡ
Ⱥ˵·£ǾͳȥˣͷʰǡѹúǰɲҪ°ϵܡ
ûɽڣûաЩ˶ç򣬷źǼƽϡʿҲæȰ˵
ֵܣѾ·
ǺûֱӵͻҲΪξ
ԾҲʲôǵĽɫڸõʱ򣬻Ǻԥѡãʾӵ̽ƻ˼
ͬûõɡ
岽֮ڣѪߣ˵磬Ӹհǰ˺ҷԴɲó֪ΪʲôСҪͽˣֻɱᵽ֮΢һ뵽ȥ
ֵȰԣȴÿɷȻš
Ȼ˶ΪĺŹӣȴѣԼǣҲûʲôòհǰ˺󣬴
꣬ǳģԺʲô˶ͷ
ΪūͣС΢ıӣѾܹˡ
ƷȨƵζҲ룬صȥӡ


044 һ
˵ǵУξһոǿ꣬ܿپǿȻƣȴǾƶʽǶӡţʵŷһͻȻ˵
ô㻳ǼðĲɣЦôһ֤ļĹģѺ˵أҲë
ɲ˵ãƫԶصĵطйɱټð飬˭֪СǼ٣ߵױ̲סֹ
˳ӣǳסڣ
ױڨڨرͣȴͬơ
˼Ҳ˼Ҳֻ꣬ʵ
²ңɱټð飬ƫԶɽĿصȷзʵţԣ֤ʵ˵֮ǰҪ˼¡Ŀ΢ʽش
֤ʵΪʵô֤ʵ
ܼ򵥣Ҹղž˵ǵУξˣӢţܿپǿǸɣֻҪҽּУܼˡҳԸȡְͳ죬Ҫй˵ղСУξְһʤξģҶʤǾǼðġ국˵
˵ûҪξʰˣ治õʲôУξˡ˿˵ȻսǾͳְɣҵ뿴жٽµ
ף꣬ӪΥ꣬Լʽֵһ˵ȵ֧֣ҲУξȥ
Žӭ¶ͷĵ׵Թս˳⡣
ͬұ䣬֤ʵԼݣ꿴˿ܣôڳˣǼ֤ɵúúÿŲС
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ϵܣҪ䣿ʿɫ΢䣬ҲмܹգļʶоոȻкܴв
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⻰һޱȵţ¶
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һǰƣͻȻΪ֮һ䡣
ղŻ˳ȻòƣתĿƣﵽηĵز
粢ߣȻһ˲伤ƣȴǿþˣսľ飬;ûйϵ
ſ޵ţ׿ԽսҲӵƣпܣҪھ͹Լ͵¡
˵һ;͹ȻҪҲΨһҪָ£һУ
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һ·оһͷԡѪսͻԼ˹
ȭδѵǺأ⾳ĹˣȻѾһĹΪľ磬ޱȵշ硣
ͬʱ̤һʱ֮ľ룬Ҳ·ʧ˶ûпôһ£㵽ǰŻһ䡰ҵֶΡġΡʧڶʣҵȭ磬һȭ˹·Ҫſڶ࣬˵Ķȥ˶ű
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һȭνǷӳг˾ӦеʵͬʱҲ֤ˣĵȷȷкУξְʵ
ھְ٣߱һʵٱ˴ɱıûʵԼˣ޷Σ֮ս
ʸұΣգпܰɱҡ
ʵﵽ߰˾أƥʦܹɱѴʿնɱֻͨ˵ʵߵĻǿҲԱȫһ𣬶ࡣ
ӵһʵͲ֣֮ʹͻϮҲԸݾԮ
ʦʵʵ̫ǿˣǿʦҲҪԺͨ˵¼䣬ûͨ˵Ĵڡ
ҲȨƣǮʳסУ׵ĶƺЩˡ
ʱ򣬱ôֻ࣬оԼз·˺Хķһҵȭ磬˲Ϣ
ҲзһʽѧġͻɽסĹơ
ʱޱȾ޴ѹӸ񵲵ֱϴ
·ɨʹһ˲ƤëըͷҪѵĴ
⹦ˣ⹦ǿȣķҲ˶٣оȣ֪Լǿʤͨʦȴû뵽Ҳǿᡣ
⵹˵⹦Сǿ󣬶ֹ򣬴Ҫ꿪ʼԪʧ֮൱ˡ
һ;ûдﵽԲ֮빦ǳĹϵȻֻк⾳ľ磬ĹڵֻоͶ֮䣬̺ޱȵƣԼһʱȻԵֵ
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»̫ǳˡüͷһ½֣Ѿ֪ԼûǿʵǿᣬҲꡣ
Сӣ㱾£Цһصһȭֱźȥ
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Сġ
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ħɨβ֮ʱҧҧӡʽŤתСԴڵϳѧʩչ
Ҳ֪ǳѧǲκ˵ģȫµӵܣ壬ҪԽ
ΪСϤָ˺ܶͨ˲лӴϳѧ
ȻǳǾֻܿŤתǬΪʤ


045 ܿ
ת֮䣬廮һӰܿ׵һȻ嵽ǰΪ
գ֮䣬ͱת
ãȻһ֣
ǰ壬굱شȥʱΧ۵ϱ⸱Σ͸ղ±ΪѽȻ෴ʱͻȻһ٣ͣԭҪϵȭͷת£ץȥ
Ĺ£ľҲϵȻôķӦ
ƤһѪϢļͣ٣תʩչ֣һ˲תֱĿϾӣ˭ˣҪ⻹ǲˣ˾ҵĽ֮£շ磬ѾãںϵԼʽȥ
Ͼעصľһϡ֣ͬʽͨʩչѾѪܱѣˣʣȴּתʽʩչޱд⣬˿ˣһַ˰ĸо
ʯ֮䣬˵Ľ֣Ѿıƴ˭Ľǿᣬ޴ʽ˭ͿԶʤѶֽ
Ŀ֮£Ĳ棬ǽҪִӪ񣬳ΪУξĻᣬͷˣԻɥʧš
ⲻ֮Ҳһд
ʱȻһ˿Īĸ򣬷·һζתȫ£еľ磬Ѫ⣬ǣȫԭ͵ĵطһ˲ûȻͨ
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ԼһָоԼϢתʽƽʱ˺ܴĲͬ
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ͨȺϾӾעصһͨ֡
ȫ£ͨǹ뻯ı֡
һĪ֫ٺӿ˳˾Ϊ֮һҲָڽͻƵԵʣѪתңصĸѨۣӿֳΪá
ЩƾնѪ֮УͰЩǱǵľϳˡ
֫ѪǣȫϢȴǻܹЩʦжܷӳԲзӲÿһ˾еļ⣬ŤϢѪҲܹ͵ÿһطȥ
뻯˵һ硣
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ɫһְʽȴоóѾԵ
ḻῴսͻƵļ
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һʽɳսݻϳƴ쳣ֱ䵽ǰ˵һ·ڼ͵ţƤϣֱ۷顣
ǿᣬһ򣬸һͿ
ҲǡۡһһѪ˳һվȣĵ
ɫһ˲üΪҰףѪɢһ᲻ʱǰһƣܰС
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һĻοױæԡ
ЩױȫŭĿӣ¶ļɵ·û׷ϣһС
ʲôôΧҪһԸϵܲɣ겻ֵ֣ܵһȺӸæǰǳΧŹʹļһûУ޳ܵСˣ
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ڹӸƣȫȻû˸ղŵĹ˼ɡ
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ݡ
ĻԭЩҪΪһسӵױǣѹ
ô˵ϷУξһӪ٣ξѾˣҲûȨ
ܿܣǸô죿


046 ֶ
ӵϹٵݣһñӿ£ԾϹ٣ӳ͢ȣǴ治֮
䣬Ҳ䣬̨϶˽սҲѪЩһ˼ϲ󣬽ױ뵽Լǰ;ˣɫЩȻ
Уξˣղŵ飬ֻǸѡģ˶Կһۣվ˵ͰӪɾԵȡ˵ţ⼸תͷΧ۵׳ǺǳǻŸʲô춯ʰų԰ӲɣξϽ̧ȥҪﵲ
ǡױ־ŭؿǡ
׳ԥһ£ǶʱѾû˿ֵ˼ֽźܿ죬ۼɢĳܣԯѸֻٰʣõ׻Ĵס
ˣЩͲٹˣĳֱŪȥһ춼Բ꣬մɳʳôܸǵĽʿԣԻ˶ô죿Ǽվٵ˵ͷʾ
˵õɣţж˷˭ģױ˵
üͻȻʵӪÿ쵽ľж٣
ش˵Ļðͷţÿÿװ˶Ǯ١ʿ
ûйϹ߲ˣܳһ⣿ʵ
Լںɽв԰͹԰ЩǲȱĻÿܳһ١
ιãʵ
һЩפӪʳסе⣬֪еǰͷھе׾ɷԱ´࣬Ծһ֣ɽǮĺǣõԽԽϸһ⣬κεʧᲹ
ѾܣЩʿû谭ԼıҪǿϧЩס
ȻУξЩմɳ׾ͲҪˣΪʹңҲҳէһʾЩͻȻһ
ԭֵϱȫ䶯ˡ
Ĳƴ֣𶯣ֻ٣֪ԭôǮһ־ʮǮ˿Ѽ
ɲǸСĿǮᣬһС֮еĲƲ
һƷǧʯĹ٣һٺ»ҲͲ̰ī׬ǮԴиǮ
ʵȼӸĻҲΪԾ
ܺ˵ôһ˶Ϊڣ˶оǿţԼ޷ӵĸС
ϵܣóôǮǣ᲻̫˷ˣңէͳһԺô죿ʵ˵ʱ־ϲϱһۣ¶ޱȵıģĶǲģЩ˵˺ôҪࡣ
һĹӸòһƥϺõһ鼫ƷһµĹŶ˻£һҹļǮҲͲ˶ԶҪͳ֣£ĵͣȴҲ̫ס
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ǡĺġĵ
ʱһȺӣÿϸĸӣϸӣǲ⣬ĸǱɼ££ģҲҪɵģӺ
Ϊ٣ʣòѡ
˷ѣô˷ѣһۣȲ̸һ²ף֡
ã˵
ֹ͢פӪٻ¸ٱԼ˽ԶڻǮ˽ãóǮʹң᲻᷸˳͢ļɻ䣿ǰ˵мλѾ˺ĽΪնġʵ
⵹ڣ㶼˵ˣʹңԹù⣬Ͳ᷸ˣЩЩʱʹߣѼţ򣬾㶼ξˣҲë˵ңǼλĽɱʲôʱ飿Ƕϰˣʱҳ˻ϣפӪʵˣ佫Ҳӵأ͢ΪƽϢ˻֡
ԭˡ˵Ҿͷˡ
ϱ±ٱ˽ְְˣҵˡ
ԺУֳͷЩͷֻһܿͱѹ
ǽʲô֣վˡ
ش˵Ļ´޻º֡¸ʡ˸˵ԭǽֶӺͺֶӵﳤͳһȴš
ã޻֣ʣȥسǲʱʹߣѼţʹңЩʲôǿԱ£һʱôණȥٽĿءԸ
˷ģĻܸϻ޻죬˴Ӧ˵֮䣬¶ڵϲɫ
ҲпôǮȥ򣬶ҿӣ˿ƽϻ٣Ǹ
ǱЩȴȫ
µָʹ޻֣Լʾõ٣ȥٽķأ֮ĿǣɰʱʹߣѼţ򣬸˵Ķת˵˰Ӫſ꣬Ϳɢˡ
ʣµˣҲɾʮ㣬ܿӪſڶ˵ɾ˿˴Ϊ̾ҪûǮȥ˵ϵʲôʱ
ǮʹĥǧҲС
ױ⸱ɣٿԭͬһǿ׳̾תͶһɫѿ̧꣬Ҵ뿪


047 Ĺ
һۺ˳פӪܿͰһжٺã񣬰þ
ƻʱΤһȺױǰ飬ëҲֻǹһƣ֪Ŀ֮£սܣɵ΢̾һ¶ϧ飬Ҳ֪ϧܣʲô
ʲôҲû˵ױҴȥһҲûӪضͣ
Һô˵ϣʰǸ꣬һ£ͰĶȡ˹Ȼ飬꣬ʱҲΤȥıӰֵߵϱ˵
꣬ʩǮƣģ̰ͼǮƸ󣬹ģֻܿиŻõǰ;ڸղϹټʱȫǳϡ
֪֮󣬲ǳʾģӹӪ񣬾ˣΪһӪ٣Ҫָ飬ӪֵأѲķɣµĵΧصѺ˳ӵĽӴͣõ죬ţӪʿĳԺ¡
ΤŵԣԸһУξٵְλֺγҼڻϿեҳʲô©꣬Ȼ˳λ
Ļҡҡͷ
ûг©һֱɵúܺãֿңǺô㡣
Ѿ֪ԼƹܵһפӪλڷؽ⣬ϱ۵ĵط
۵ǴרڹӦϴصĹٵͬʱҲĹܣ뱱˺ӣ˵ĺӵҪԲ࣬;дľפѲߡ
Ľʵ̫ˣصĹٵͨ䣬ԵҪҪûͨĹٵݸҪΣٹʥǵĳ͢Ͻ
ÿһ죬ǧĳӳ۵Ͼ໥ͨϱƹܵһӪƽʱפطڵѲߣϱʮһһأֹ˺ƻϮ
ЩطǿͽᣬϮسӣȡ
а̷ˣָ鷳
Ȼǰߴսɱͷʲô©ҲҪʧе壬Ҳ壬һСģͻԸͷ
Ҳ֪Լ첻ʹҪֻҪѰúõ£ΪԼþС
෴£ǣһ壬ԼܸҲûá
ܲܣ鶼ΪϹᡣ
ҲΪʲôֵҪһˣССҹӣӵܣҲƹܵĽɫ
ûбȴۼǣͬΪãòִ֮ǮȡϱҲ£ΪԼš
̧ͷˣλ¹εķǳʱڣСӪѲس۵񣬻ġܹƿصױȥϼӹ¶
˵ţһ٣ֵ⣬һЩϵĵϣλ֧֡
ⱾǷڵ飬ϵܲؿܷԸͿˡ˷׷˵
Ҳ˵ӹӪԼ±ѵ֣ξͨ¹ؽڣصĹʿ֣ѲÿѲ񣬽֣񳤣Ӵľʹسӡ
һһĹӸȫҪʵȨλ
ø˶ǲģЩӸҲͬȥҶūЩȻĻ©ȱڹľǣȻŻһһ㣬ǣ
ΪԼǰ;ЩȻ
פӪҪþ±ͬʱϱͨٵطʲôҪ֧ԮҲҪ羸طɱͽź֮˵Щְ𣬲˵أҲȷʵᣬرǳէ鶼ɱ˹ϽҪܿǣפӪĴȨץСȻ⻹̸λϣλ֧֡
Щ󻰣ұ˵ǰͷ˵ţͻȻһأصĿǰҺξ֮ǰֻûͳԷǾðúͿ
ȻʲôôҲһѧг˵ʦܹپǿʦʦڵطϣȫܹͽȥ٣иүҲʮþȵ飬ʹǰɱһһؽֻҪûа;زۣҲܹԼŬݽ
Ҽǰ;ǾͲκƻǰ;ʲôظλҴĹĶǣһҪֻһĴˣÿλȻҽãҪҺȣ鷳ͬϳͲʱ򣬿ɲҪԹҷˡ
Խһ𣬿̾˼⣬˼־η
ԭֵͶЧΪھ㣬ΪϹٵûʲôţеȫǳģûйϵ
죬ʶУһ󻰡ȫһʶĸо
Ʋң½ɢȥ
ʧߣʧ߰
ɢȥԺֵߵһʼˣп
磬ʲôʧߣ
ʿܲԣæʵ
ǵˡ̾û뵽һˣǲ壬߻ˣҪύ͵óʵʵڵĹ
Ϊʲôʿܵɴ۾
ΪղЩǶԴ˵ģǶ˵ģѾǲһȺӸͷˣ̬ô᲻æӪʱûվæǵ˵ɫ΢䣬æǵˣֻܱȴû뵽ĺ˭Ҳɵӣûиôлر
ʿܶʱȻ
ֵǰϵϵܵؽеȣʵϣûĿأֻΪҵıףͶˣ֮⣬һǴ
ǶѾ˺ܴĸĹۡ


048 ̽
֮ȻһŸѧʣĵʣܾͨѧʣܹͨʹԲŸɶˣЩõȥΪ
ֵܰգ˼ʱҲԼӪ
֪ΪʲôСҪͶˣ׼ҵĲŸɺǻۣᣬԳΪҵҳҲܳͷأٱƿء
ϱҪôֵܺǰ﹫ӸҲҪôӪأҪһȻܳΪе
С㾿ûעңһӣģҲ̽עңܿͻ֣ᷢһССҩ԰ִ£ȻõóһһΪҽȡҩģ鱨ճɣģ
ҪҵҵͲб˽ң̹ʣҪȻҳ򣬻ϰѸģҪͿգ
ͼδػһˣνɴ߲Сڡ
ӪмԼЩֶΣֱûзʲôĴ©𽥰
ڵţķӦӣʲôʲôź
ڶ磬Ӫ޻֣ԼӶĳװĶ
ǽӪŵʱӪض䶯ˣȫܹΧۣӪؾһ֡
УξõصǧãԺúãʿǾפϣڣûʲôˮʹͷһء
ǰǮΪȴܳԵϣǺʲ޻Ҳ£ľǽʿģȱģ˵̣һǮȥЩ˲óϷ
ֵܺһڹӸҡͷԵƷӢǮʵ
ڽʿΧۣж
ʱ򣬴޻֣ǰ˵ð֮飬ĩˣ޻¶ԥɫ֧Żر֮̳ϺõĽѲϾơ
ҵʲô£ǾƶѡЦһοİɣҲΪнƣǵģֻҪİ£Ȼд
л޻֣˶ʱϲ
ǱеʢͨʣҲоԼ˻ر
ˣżױĴѲ
פӪ֮ǰܿپǿȻս꣬Ǯģһʱͷ
ξôˣѲһ֮ߵױʵ
ЩױһͶĹӸļҶ
˵ξ߹ǣˡױش
ߣ߿ЦЦ˵
ܿ죬ӪչױŭĿӣھɭϣǲվ⣬ȴû£һԣԷ⡣
ǻǵģûıꡣ
ȴɫȻЩ԰ףȴȻоʾǿĽǡ
һνӲ˳ܵģӮûټԲû˼ԪҲѵúܡ
ξܵɻﲻʣ˿Ŀת򷿼ױҪúչξ˵ǣ֪𣿡
ױȻŭĿӣûд𻰡
л˹ذСϰ䣬ԶԶȳǿûˡȻС飬սʵǲϣ˼¡
ѾȥԵɾΣҶҹ
áĿһ󾫹⣬״
ȻͰ˺ˣӪңһжãعǣʲôҩʳȱģңһ
Ѽ䣬Ȼˣ뿪Ӫ
Ժ󣬼в죬ҲҪҷϣɫ𣿡뿪Ӫ֮ɫͻȻһߵױ˵
ˡױʵصѵС𣿡
Ƕʲôŭֻһ䣬סҵĻûУ
סˡױΣֻӦ
סá۾ֻǿķǣҪǻ
ױ¶˲ΪȻ飬·˵ԴҲ̣ʲôµġ
ǲҪţǱϾţңȡΪףΪЩŹŹǰ;಻ֵáϤЩױ飬۾һ棬ûͲˡӪҲðʲôСһʩΪǡ
˵ţͻȻһ棬ݺݵصΤСңˣҪ
ξγԣֻСӵĵϸǣûʲôױͻȻһ
ǶʲôһȻڲ֪ΤңҳסУξҲٷƣȻߣԺУξһְĽߣ˻˭һʱ嶯´Ͳ˵ˡߣǺãϵԽʵϣǰУξ֮λ
ױգȵ˵
еĵʵ̫ˡ


049 
ѲפӪһȦ֮󣬲ûлԼסӪмĿյأͬʳ
ʱ򣬷פӪһ㣬ɱޱȵ֣ϻĳ۵ĽʿǣܾöûмƣԺȵøʹ죬֮УһΪǸĳ룬Ҳλˣַƣʵǲɶõ¡
ʿǵأһ٣ﳤȴ׷׿ʼʾãٵر˽Чҵľģ·еˣڴ˵ꡣ
ʧ֣ˣڴڱľ˰ɣԺΣҲ䡣
⸱Σɵ˼һЩȥĵ
һȥפӪ£Ҳÿ򰾽ǡ
ԶȹȥƫԺҪ徲ö࣬û˴֮⣬һôǾǼ£Ϊūͣȴһ죬ִפӪľŽȻĲͬ
оԼΪʼͻͽ̶̼죬ȫͨﵽӸİա
ʮ󾳽УһأǴ壬ǣʹõҵأ⣬ʹõڼҵϢ֮ϣرԪʲô
ҵʵ̫ǳˣҪûСС޷ôڣƺҲƿȻҵʣһͻƾʹﵽ۷״̬رԪֻһ֮һ֮ҲôͻƵġ
ۣ˵ףҵĻۣ̫ˡ
Լ磬ʾ˺ܸߵļʶԽǽչɿ죬ԽоԼҪߵ·ܳ
ֻһһˣפӪܺãվȽŸ˵
һţһ߳˷ţױסǡ
ҵǣҪȥһˡ
Щӣÿ춼ҪѩѲΣϤϹͬʱϰ似ա
ھУꪣرвͬôΪ䣬ϾԿپǿģ٣Щ˼棬Ҳ֪սóʦӵĪƣռߵıˡ
оսź׷ɱˣȡ
ͺ񺮴֪ſƣƣƣơֿĿʿƹأ٣һʼֱʿȥ
ܿ죬ѩǣ˹Щ죬סһᣬԺúãӪľʿΪֺϹ٣źȹүܵΪһפӪʹǮ֪Ĳƴ֣ͬʱǾʿҲм֪ƥޱ񿥣ˣޱҪ
Ȼίϧľ
ѩʱ˵ģһǮʮһ㹫СҪ࣬רźÿϴˢױĴԴӸԼԺЩȫķˡ
൱ڽεεǧС㣬޵˼ңòͷԴί
ãѩû˿ң
ȡܳӪš
ǰͻƵ˺أ뻯֮ͨһЩǳȭŹ򣬻ȵȣעݣ׼ı죬ѾʦͨգΪﵽһ֮󣬶ԼĿԽԽ˾ƽ⡢׼Էˮ򵥡
˼
ʭżȵȣЩļһʹЩڵգܹͨյġ
ֻеӸԾƿظӾҪȻǱ취ɣʱ䲻ϵؿ
һϰһ֮ǣѩų۵פӪķ򻺻С
һߣһ˼⣬ԼһЩںɽҩ԰ҩʱû̵
书һ뻯ǵͣ༼գʦͨˣֻȱɵĹ̶ѣʮ꣬Ҳܹѧġ
йǽҪĸ֣ҵǱȻǷζţигͷص˵
˵ߣС˵ǡһ䣬˵ûаѡһңѧǹˣô᲻֪棬ӦûиˡŶԡ
һâ
ҲижˣΪ֮䣬ǰ޳𣬽ԩȴһҪΪľƹܷפӪĴȨ£ԼϾеϵҲһЩģģĵ۶Ϊ˴кܴ档
ʱ򵽣УξľְһפӪǶһ޶ģȨҲֻһУͬĵеһЩҩǰ˵ľ飬Ҳעֻ˲ܵõ
Щ˭ϣ˭ܹɾͷǷﵽ磬ûеõЩˣעֻƽӹһһûгͷ֮ա
ġˡɾͷǷˣ
ˡ
ţж֮ԼΪ˴֮⣬ԽԽ̡
Уξˡ
˼ʱͻȻ֮䣬һԶԶ
תһȴפӪеһС䣬·˻ûеԶԶش󺰡
ʲô飿еЩ֣ԼŹȥϰ䣬˶֪ûر飬
Ӫ˾ʹ˵Ҫ飬ɴԽղССǰ
ʹҪ飿һ


050 ˷
֪ˣȥɡС˵
ѩٶȺܿ죬һͻصפӪȻһƤϲһ֧ʹ
ʴˣǷӪפУξѣʹתͷ˹
û˵ͷ
ְˣҪ飬˳ʾӡȻաʹΪ񣬲ص
֪ˣʹԣ˰ѩǣȥԻӪѷӡ͸ȡ˶ԹõʹĹ
ʹ뿪֮˺⣬
͵͵ʶ֣ܶţŪīҲû⣬һ㿴ȫġ
ԭһɶĵģǾذİأټҪһӪˣǲ׳һʮϸΧˡ
ʽĴ٣ͻʱ򣬼Ҫ
ľƣǲ˺˶ԱӡţҪʽĹģ˵ƾ˵ĳŶƸϵӪµˡ
һ㣬ǰߴŽȻĲͬ
˷ˣ˰깫ģһױ
ˣʲô£
ȥʣʿܣǽ˵һٵ֣ױȥټ
ǣˡױӦһתȥˡ
һ٣ۼӪС
żɽصνǹ̸̸˷˵顣˵ţѸղյĵΪһ¡
ʲô˷ˣʿܻΪټʲô£Ľͣʱ˷Ͽ˵ǽʲôˣ
˵һ񼯽ɽΪˣǳǲ׳һʮˣΧˡ΢΢һЦ˵ԷһٶˣˣΧ˵Ĺٱǧ֮⣬ڽسǵפӪҲҪж
ԭΪ
⻰˶ʱʧ
ԭڴУ˷һˮ̵ΪɽˮˣϲѹζĽƱŮղѵ㣬һƣЩ޴ĲƸ䵽پУط£췴ոʱӸ֮أҲûʲôƱʹɱǣҲ̫档
еʱĳط˻֣פĹٱȴѡӶĴӣΪľ˻׳󣬴лøĹĲƸ
ڵѾ´ҪȵɱҲˡ
Ҳѹ֣ϻ֮أΪ˹˳ݵãһʲô˻񼯽ٵХɽ֣ģҴݹߵҡ
ֻϧķӶԲʲôƱ
ֻǲҪ̫źá
ˣҾͲҪƽЩˣϾǶľֲϽˣּۻ۵ġԣһӣֹЩӸۡ
֣֣Ǳµֳִܲܳ
ѲиӪڷˣ˶ݣԳʿܴ
Ǻãʹʿ˶£ʲ˳ȻξĶˣܹˣ٣һ˵
ãϾȥ졣˵ţҪȥ
ȵȡȴȲһЩҪ
˵꣬˲ӽ˷ˣ뿪Ӫ֮顣
һɢȥֻһں÷ţ
֣֪Ϊʲôɫ
ϵ˵ЦˣûңôµõգգۣЦЩԻ󣬲֪«ʲôҩ
ʵҲûʲǫֻ̂һ£ɱ˷˵ѡ˵ָһŹģ̯ǰ
Ҫ飬ҿĻϹذɡʽԥһ£ǺܿĿ
ܿ죬Ȼ̧ͷЩŵؿ˵һǧ
ڲ֪鱨Ŀ˵ֻһˡ
ûдģȷǧ࣬ң߱͢ûеóĿҲһǧǧ˭صפӪڽսʱпܷҪЩתսصĻп㳲˵ţһ٣صԣεԶҸղ˵Ҫն񡣡
Ǹȥǵȷ棿ȲˣǱϣȻȴԮ͵һɫҲò԰Ҳû˸ղŵڡ
ҲȻϾǲܽȥװģֻǣһЩ⡣ҲµûΧˣһг͢ǲָ棬ҪȻǶһЩ󣬶׬һЩ˷˹ͣ
ϵ˵Цˣ²һ򣬾һҿɲһոǿʱڻսгˡǰοʣȴ˷Чǧ֮ӣã飬ǲҪЦĺá
ǧ֮ӣã¾ʿͲˣһײɫȴûаеııֳڵȻֿʲôߣܹһ֣


051 ϸ
ʵƽ̹ٵϣһŹ̳糾͵ǰϸϵİسǡ
ЩӷפӪľʿǣһݣڹӸ±ǣԭפӪϱǣֱɴ޻֣˴ӣһ̣ʵϣѾεС
⼸ĽӴʿ䶼ʼĹϽżһЩΪϱŸֻԣҲԸպݺݵѹȥȭŹ򣬻Ǳи񶷣ֻ߹䣬פӪȻûһܹʤù
ı£ӵţʼתŷ
ԭҰϣһȺ±ϱںСܣоס˼ǧ
ڽϳŵʱתͶԼļﳤǴǰֵܣԼʿ֮ĽףԱ֤еĹӸȫٷƣһܲˣǰǣЩеļҶūͣҪתƿء
Ļ᲻ӦɣŲ
һʱʲôҲˡ
ЩˣδλѲߵ񣬶͵͵ܵسǣƵأѰ
Ҳá
һЦ
ˣ˵飿һ
תֵܵĳ桰ڲԼ
šɫ˵ͷ
˿Ծܷģַˣֻƽжλиظİ֣Զս٣ܳʲô©޻Ȱ
ҵ³ʲô©ֻ뵽鵱УвٶٵҪѪеѹ˵
˻ĳЦЦ˵һ䲻Ļ˵˲Ҫ֡
ʲô˵޷
ȲƱ˵
¶˼ƺʲô΢̾һ˵ʤ˱ҳ£Ҫ˵˲ıҳ£սʤĽ¼Ȼ٣Ҳܻеģʿһ˵ģȴԶУȻͶӦϵԼѪһ죬ʱܹͬλķϣΪµֵļҾıģѾǶõĳˣ˾ǳ֮ǧ򲻿Ϊһʱʴ֮ģ˴°
˵úеܽˡ˵ͷ˵
̸ʱ򣬶Ҳ𽥽ڵĹٵڱ򵼵ָ£ҵͨسǵĽݾһ·۶ȥ
ڶ磬ڼʱϵ˼ص㣬سʮİɽ
ɽһƬ̵Ĳݵϣפż֧ϸľʿ
ԶԶؿ˿òš
ǷפӪˣУξڣ
֧ţ̾мӭ
Ҿ˵
פӪ͵Ӫ٣ȡͳ쵽ɽˡ˹֣Уξ
֪ˡ˵ͷͷ˵͵Ӫȥȥ˵꣬ŲЩ档
СɽѾظĴռݣԼٶɵذӪٵˣͲɽƽشһ޴Уڵƻͨױţȫҵ٣Χǰۿһ޴ĵͼ
ͨ˵Ŀ⣬תվſڵᣬϲɵ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
һʳȵ˵
ξˡ˽ȥ
ղױͨѾ֪ǶξΤĶͷ˾Լһʿƹߣ۳嶼ξ١
λ۳嶼ξ˿ֿ˿ߵĲϲɵ¶һ˿ɫ
˵㣬ᣬܿپǿǿ֮šٴһؿڵ
˶һ۳嶼ξƴˣԴȻһСôºͣĵһ䣬ʢޣ¶ǵسΪܡ
ҲЩ⣬ע⵽ߵĲŻζ
ˣʿ˵ľ˾ˣ۳嶼ξΤĶͷ˾ѵˣϳ˲ѹҪ˵
ֲãʱҰѲߣ˵оϲȵ˼ܿ찲ɫػӦ˹ˡ
ǸܿپǿУξ
פӪģм١
̲סۡ
¼ҲжţϾڴУܹپǿʦҲǺܶ࣬ġ
ſվˣϽɣͼһ˴˵ļƻͬʱѸפӪһ¡ټɫؿֹѹ¡
ǣˡæֹͣۡ


052 ̵Ϣ
εĽ˷˵زأҪ˵ᣬҲɲȥؼǿ͢ݸôȥִС
˵أһǧ˵ӴܱܵߵĿңεĳ֣ξӪʣһȺפϻĵϱӴ򽻵ŷèĶࡣ
ͬһΧе˸ͷ󣬳ԡѪսе˸ҡź׳ƣЩ˸Ǵ磬ʰսժȡʤʵһȻûʲô¡
ŶξٵİţͻȥʱȻӪ໥ãƤ˿ûһɽա
һ򣬸פӪ̯ķפӪһɽĿǷֹͽӴܡ
ǼְȫģǸļɽسǣʲôƫƧּС˾㱻پɢҲѡͻΧ
˵̧ˣһѺˣҪֵܵĹϵƴˣôܻԵ޹ʵչң
֪ǶξٶԼչˣؿһۡ
ɽ
޻صϢ֮󣬲ɵûĵЦˡ
˵λĴ˱ףһȻˡ
ȻѾְȥ죬Ϣ΢˵漴ϼױٶ鲼ȥˡҪصɽڰϣֻʮﷶΧɽسǣطǻ̵ĻɽҰ룬ǳ׷ء
ÿɷ񣬰е鶼ȥˡ
˷ˣľ鲢ḻȻָֻţ˵Ĳá
ڶ죬һӪŷ֣صפӪѾԼսҪﷶΧĻɽҰչѲҳ
ûʲôˡȥã̾һ
ˣǻȥɣ󡣡ֺõЦЦ֪λСʢδؾͻѱսһ£ϱӶԣƽǸѵһɶְȫĲʹºҲܲˣʲôҪǷǣǰͷƴɱ
ûлʣʵӾмˣ
ش˵ĻСʮӾжʮˡ
Ӿôãûūһȡ
⵱ȻС˳ūûгڵգܹѾˡ˿ΪԹЩҵ˵
ŶҲΪūݣʱȤʵ˵ϹǰߣϻսӪʱҿǲЩϱ굱ϻĵľǼȻϻģϹս٣ҲӦЩɣ
ȻС֪ģϷһѪɫЩصҲҪִСһӪȻϹǰߣûʤ̣ͱ͵ϮӪ˴ɢˡűһֱûв䶡ԱҵʱһС鳤ҲȥָʮѲ
ԭսͳ˰̣ȴĺĺˡ룬ʵϻĵˣʲôӵģ
ˣû뵽Ҳ˸Ȥ˵Ҳ棬ǷòǺƣֻĿ࣬
˵ϻĵļ
ʶԶҪ㣬Ȼûж飬ֶʶһȴŶʮĴӾݣݣԽݣȵȵطˣɱ˵սȻűǲͻƼҡ
ûйãֵָܣתշģΪ˿羸طפ
֪طף飬üʶݣҲΪ̸ϻĸȢĸȢɩȵ׵ķף²ֱ۽硣
һ̸𵱽͢ĸʱףпǳҳ¡֣ķģԶޣֻħˣȫݺѹΪҪ˵ѰļˣһΣյͷ͢ͻƽһлҵԴͷֻ˵ЩңصĻҪ̣ҺֻΧͨˣǰ̣ҪȻĻǧˣ²
̡
Ȼһ
ȻŰ̴İ˲࣬ӡģֻһ
һСսһ۵ӡ
Ҳ֪ôˡ
̸͢ѹħ̣Ǻ棬ȴͻȻѣܣͨСһʱʧԣˡ
ȻƷȲͬȴ̸ʲôʧԲʧԵģȻһЦΪȻص㵫˵޷Ҳ淢µġ
ˡһµʧջغ˵һЩţԭǰг͢˰ˣȴ˲أЩפӪȫûһȥأװףǹǿĳ͢ϰˣȻ޷ռ˿ˣö֮飬ְˣȥ޻صľ㤴š
ˣϰվԶʤˣоҲк⾳ϵĹǳӣ𡣡һΣְˣʮˣӲƾйŹֵķڳɴ󣬵ֵһһҹǶͳŻ¥Űʮ˱ȳҼº㣬һͬΧǵפӪٶˣ˲һٶˣ²֪ʮ˵УǺع澳ΪʣˣҲǺرԪΪҪӵֻʧ󡣡
ȻôΪѵ˰̵ľ񣿡
ԣд棬̲ס׷ʡ


053 
տʼСҲΪϣҡҡͷ˵˵Щˣֻǽеͨͽʦ֮ϣʮԲģĻڣҪǣʱȥˣȥ޻ء
˵£ȻѾȥã̲ס¶η֮绢顣
ʲô£ʱһּĸоĸо˵Ļײ˵Ļоƺʲôԡ
ʲô
ͷ˼ͻȻ۾һ
ˣ̤ʱϮǵİͽûв˵ô
֪ΪʲôԼоˣԭԼУԼо鲻Ծ
ڵļʶھ鱳˼Ҳͷ
ŵģô˵δЩˡع񣬵֪ҳ˵ŵ飿
Ըꡣ˵
̵ǰ౻ٸţĹؼѧκ˼УпܳɲģһԾΪ޵ˣסҲΪ̺޹ϸǰǿħˣһЩĵˡҲŰ¡
Ŷһ£û뵽ôһ͢Χ˵ţҲô˻αװ
ǵȻ̵ݣ£ô򵥶ѡ
ڸ߲
ɣѾԶԶ׵ķΧǿȻޱȵĿֲҿǵϵδؾǰˣп֮ͽҪ֪£˰̣ħ̵ģȻڰ£жԼơ
˵ĻҲãٵҲãð̵£Ǿϲ⣬Ŀ͢ɲ١
Ŀ
ûдȴɵһ˿һθоһོ̤εľƺܲԾ
ʱٲ֮ڸڣͻȻһɧҡ
ӳ˼лعüǱô£ȥ
æӦǡ
˵꣬СŹȥ鿴ûһ˻ԶԶش󺰣ˣ
һ˹ȥ
һʮɸߵɽ£ɽ¿ܹѷԲɽ۵ף߹ȥ̧ͷʱһֹסĺ⣬شӽŵװֱӿ
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ֻɽ£һƬ뵣ɭֲ·ޣħ棬ʱҪ˶ɡ
ö˶˵죬ôð̣
ˣⲻͨ޵Ԫй¶ḷ̌ʶ㣬
޵ˣ̣ɵɫ΢һĲԤУĵ
ֱˣѾõľɷǿͽ̣ǺͷѪͬһĶͬѹҲ֪²ܷɺĵȻ£Ҫ麰Ǹо֮еľţ·ޱߵĿֲһź֮С
̣޳Ԫûˡ˲Ļо𣬡ϳˣʹõԪ
һΪʮأһƤǣ⣬ϣͨرԪȱط豹棬ʮشԲǰΪ³ˣעصǴ壬أʼڼҾڣͨȫؾ磬ΣֳΪϣϣ֫ǣϥ裬־ԪȫڻͨͿԲĪĺأԪ
ʦƣҲ֮꣬ʤܹ̤رԪģܳƵĸ֣õʦƣΪرԪһǳҪƿһεʦѾϢԪ
ԪͽԪ
Ԫľһ˿ԪԪ㣬˵ͺãٲ֣ǾԪˣͻҲ޾ɣͷ£ݣʱҲҪ
ܹ˺ӵʦȫǱ˳ԪĴ֣ǵʣԶԶǿͨˣﵽһ˼ľ硣
ԪȱԪڹһ֣ȫоѪԪʧҲԲʱԪʧٶȱ㽫üΪõٵĺô
ǱԪϣĹΪȱ
ء澳Ӳ˼飬زʦҲûһ˿ǾѪĴڣȫ£ͬӤһ㴿࣬˷豹档
йأϹ֮ˣԶȰ꣬˥˵ľˡ
ˣʹﵽϣȻ˥ϣʱ;
ֱ΢Բķ롣
ʱӵʮȦƣʮϵĹԲԿӵһЩؼ˸ҡ
˵Ĺʮһ꣬һϣСԲͻɴԲﵽ˴˵е쾳磬̤ʵĵ֮·
أأأǰضӦͳΪϳˣУӵԪܹ̣¶ǰֱӵı֣һʦƽʱ޹¶ֻˣ԰ѳֵʱ򣬲Ż֮ʧ׼һרͽ̡
ͺѪһ̡֡ƲסľʧͱסԪʱΣա
ȫӯʮ۵ĹҲͬǿΣյʱ̣ʦħˣŵӣԪ͹شһʹóʵֱǿᵽ˼㡣
Ļһ¾ǰණ


054 
ˮҵطӿţһɽȡ
չҲ޵ĹǺɭɭȻء
Կ֮УӰҡ·һȺε
ԣǺرԪϣӵеĹ˵ľ磬ҲںϣңôŨҵḷ̌²Ǹո޳Ԫľ磬ǸӸİأأʮأǰıԪ֣ȫʢʱûôֲĸо
˵ţޱȵĽ͸¶˿˿塣
ЩӰеӰʵǻӰѾӰǵ־Ժиֵӡȥа壬Ǹ˶֣еˣҪʴҲѲ
ˣ̬Ͽɣǵûа취ֵˡ
ֵ̹֪ĵˣƾսʤģܿһȺˣǳء
Ҫٿˣе˳ɽԣ˵ȥ
ϣ
ղ֮䣬Ѿ˷˼ʱ䣬ٲܾˡ
룿
ͻȻ֮յ˶ɵһ¡
ΪʲôͻȻ룿
ʲô£
Ҳ˺̣ȴ֪ʲô˶źָָ㣬̸ۣȫȻ֪޴ΣѾ١
ˣаغΪ˷ֹӴܣ޹ʳ룬Ҫġ˽ص
ԹɽΥĺ˭
ȱס˵ûת˺ҲҪٿˣʩŵĶ̣ȫҺʮ˶Ļҿڴ˱֤һкеҪģǷ
ʲộһԸеһкĻæɽ±ȥ
Ǹʲôɽ·ԣһٴ˳
٣ǶξļεУලһ֧飬ԭΪɽǸɰȫû뵽ҳһš
µĶʮױҲӸԵľ߳׼ˡ
ûǶ֣פӪʿԽǣһ·񱼣æ룬·ʲôֲĶ׷ϡ
鱨Ķ̣ЩûôѪ¶Ѿ˵ӡ
ܣܰ
ˣ
׷ˣ
̣
죬Ҳسդ֡
زʲô棬ȫ˲ˡ
һԽɽԣ·׷
һ·ϣգƷǷûмʶƽˣҲ֪˵Ķô򵥡
ʱӺдɭ˸εѣֹסؾѽ
ٷϻϣŭ̺ǿķθ֮¡¡죬ǹеˣͬʱҲѺ洫ĹǺڸ
ûãҵĿ޺ٶ˵־ңɾƥҲӰ죬·ס۾һ㣬ԭתȦô޴Ҳ޼¡
һЩļʿݺݵؿΣȴƥܾԼŭӱ˦ôҲ޷ǰнһûƥĲ䣬ҳײһЩ˳ȥ
ͣ͵ʱ򣬺̴Ӻ׷ϣˣǰʱһƬڣͬɳ١
ô£ˣ
죬
УֻѩȻͦԿɺ̵ϮѾҳһš
˶
ϣȴӽ겻ľ£
̣ʦֲӵеģԪıԴ̺żǿԪ;־ͨ˱֣־ҪᣬԱ֣Ҫ˵ͨľˡ
Ȼ̺Ѫͨ˸ǿ󣬵ȴԶԶͨˣܵӰ졣
ϣʾ˷ḻָӾ顣
Щ飬ûãֻſأûĺҲ̶ֵԼǵϮŬѣ޷ԡ
ʱͻȻһԵڵء
һ
ͨͨͨ
ʿ䣬޻֣ʵˣҲ·𿴵˿ֲһ㣬һһ¶ֵı飬Ե
ܿ죬ɽϻܱѵģֻʣһ
ѩغһȺսͣں̵֮С
޻֣ʣôˣվ
ڴ֮ʱͻȻʧһ͵Ӱڳǰ
Ӱ֣߬ԭأٴС
͵ӰһµĵˣѪ·еһ㣬վɽм䣬ҡҡ׹ʱпܵ£ȴû˿Сͷעţκοܷıʡ
й֮ʱʱҲǿʱ򣬲˿Ĵ⡣
ˣʲôˣѵǰˣǰ˵ĻΪʲôһˣз˼ұеȫˣû뵽Ǳ׷ϣô˵־ʴһʱѲҲ֪ǻ˵Ļҵ鷳ʹˡ
޷ȷ˾µΣûа취ĵ鿴ǣĵӿ˳


055 
ڸô죬սӣ
ڰǰֻ·սӣȫͬ
ӣӵбսȥҲ·һֻܸƴˡ
һǿѹеǣӰȡһŶ۴ֵ̥󹭡
ǧգһʱѾǺɽҩ԰С΢ִˣʦ䲻һ꣬ʹﵽͨʦҵҵֻԼƿأ
챦дˣԵͲɱֻҪɱȡľѪԪ԰ǰԹǣʡȥޣ
ǻۣ֪Ϊʲô;ϣҪǻۺʹˣҵѡ˵ǻ۲㣬ҲѡǸ㣬ûǻۣûˣעǸӹˣ̸ʲôıˣͷأһʱõ챦ʲôɾͣ
ǳкһ룬սذչ٣ôãСͷţҲû˭ܶԼͷ
ǣ±ˣԼһܣɱͷҴӴ֮󣬱΢ųֲУ̧ͷеģеĶ־ΪС
ңԶҲܰѡ
Ȼô޴飬·˵ʱ򣬹Ѫԣ
ʯ֮䣬˾ϣϣӶݣƴȫһҲûʦϡ
ҪȻԼʵʵصūͺãһȡϽγͷظʲô
ȡһžʿʹõǿжʮ԰ѲʵƽٲԶոǿˣܹڰٲ֮ڣǸ£ɱڵָ֮䡣
յĿܹóƾеǿпµıѩ룬ٲ֮Զ䣬лɱǿԼĶֵġ
Ψһ鷳Сѩٶ޷ʩչնԷ뿪ɵصĲꡣ
ˣȴһҲɲȴֵʱ
ƺΪأҲ׳֣ô
˫˿Ĵ⡣
һͻȻ΢һŨҵ̣ͷð
뿪ӭһߵĻƽʿԽٲ룬ֱ
仯ڵʯ֮䣬ӦʱһͻȻðĻƽʿѾǰ

㾪û뵽־Ȼô׺ݣһ棬Ͱֻ޵˲ʩչֶʹ˳
֪֡޵طƳʹĿܣֿܵһֽ̫⡱Ϲɣӵ׵иپ޵˷עӵиָԺͱ죬ηֻб÷飬̺ķľƳ
УһЩɱĴ˵Դڴˡ
ҺҼʶ㣬֪֡ʲôҪȻִӦսɱˡ
𾪵ͬʱҲңæסʾµѩ
ת֮䣬ѩ䵽˼ʮ⣬תȴ֣֦ϣ֣ȴûʲôӰ졣
ûǿ֦֡
ӿס֣嵶
һһȥصؿϡ
һҵȴܿԼûڷ飬ҪѩͨԣҲʼĬʱֹסŲֻһ£Ҫ׹
嵶Ѿڣ޷
ԣһĳꪣ裬мĹ
ҲǧϣڵֻپͷԶԶ޷⡣
ꪷ㲻ϸȴܲ͸磬Ѱ˸ȻվֻʦһһʱҲ˲ȴˣÿһܰԼú˰벽µѩҲòˣжȥɾ޴
ĴţȻ飬Ҫ˵ͷʱѾֵסˡ
ʮϢѾ֪ȥԼҪмܲסˡ
ʱͻȻһܿѩֱȥ
һ˲ķ۵糸Խٲľ룬ѩٶȣ¶š
գ
ꪣŵ˵ͷն£
ʵһʼʱûдӲƴΪ֪ֲηĿܹӲƴǲкýģѾǧ࣬򵹣Ҳһ˵ȴԣֱ֮˶ȥֻҪնɱˣʹȻơ
һʼѰʦһһӦùȻ嵶ɱֱжͽ޹תóꪣ
ǺϺģֻҪڲкľǿĶҲҪܣĵľǵ˲֪ʵϵ챦һʱ̵Ĳ˷Ѳ˶ʹһһҹһ
ȻʮϢ֧֮ҵ˾õĻᣬԥ߶ѩǵ˷һ


056 ѩһ
һ˲䣬ʹҾѧ춨ȵѪϢȫӿ
һӵĵ壬Ѿͨ۷壬ﵽ֮ͨ󣬰Լѧĸ书·ʽĥ˴ĵزͨ뻯ƣȫ˳
ǻʵĸʦȫĽ˳ˣһһ֮䣬Źζոʱ򣬻ɬĸоŵĳꪣǴУٲʹõľꪣޱȼͺͷϣӵӵƥܴľ޴
һꪵƽʱʮܹ࣬һ棬ͰѵնΡ
¶飬ôҲû뵽һ鷲ˣȻ˷ɱ
ңĹͻȻ
˷ǰһԾ˱նˣȴȫ㿪һɼǵ˿ڣһѪϡ
һꪣ
ֻһꪣֱۣͱն
ĽǣȻûǹĵز书˵ǹĵزһն£Ҳ޷ֵΪһʵ̫ˣȫնԲǷֵ̥ܵġ
ҵ֣Ŷϱ۴ҽС
ãһ֣һۣҸղƽԵˣڼ˳ɹ
һ𣬸оԼֱ˾޴͵سһѣҪ˺ϡ
ս󾭵ٵԵʣǾþսϱȻ֪ɱֱӿˣǽţɱˡ
ҲǵУܵ޴ӵ̾ƵȫһǶѷжȥ
ѩϬƵģתۣعͷ
ûб޴ĳ˦ȥһתһ˳ƴ¡
ŭ
̣
˻˻
У˺ѵ
һꪣȻ̵Ŀ̱ˣ˻˻Ĵ̶죬ֱ˼ƤըͷƤ飡
һ֮䣬Ǿϣδޱν֮䣬Сӿ˲ȫʮʮȫ˳
˭Ҳ뵽ȻȫõϢԴԴϣ޾
ǳеٶȣνӣ˼㡣
ɣԼʩչĹˣʼԵˣͻȻˣеıѺһ档

𣡡
·оԼѾ;ĩ·˺Ȼ׺ݵתͷطһƣбһͷƤĴȡ
ҵϢӭҵƣ񱩵ķ糱ε۾
һ̺⣬Ȼﵽۻ¶֮ߵĵزӿĳϢ˸о˷ǳǿѹȡ
ãʲôȻƾȼ
оԼϣƺһ棬ȼƲһ١Ȼˣ
书ΪҲǳԴط
ĵ飬ȻˣʹطڵģҲ޴ƽ⣬ղŵ֪ȱ㣬˲伴ơ
ȻΪԼҪʧ֣дʱѩɵԾɵɽèһ㣬ǵ˵ԡ
ʲô
˴ʧɫȫû뵽˵ѩȻôһ˲ֳݣոǿĴʦ֣ܹƾĸоΣա
һȼҪûȴΪѩһʧȥ֣ƵȻ޴档
Ҳɵпϲ
ѩһʵ̫ϲˣȫ֮⡣
û뵽ǣѩһ֮Ʋֹһš
ડһصڵ˵ϣһͷѵĿת۹󣬵˱ɶ
һƥ񱩵Ҳǧ޷ϢʦԿѩͨǧ񿥣ޱȵġԡ
ԡǳǿ൱ڼʮʦ֮ܺͣ󣬸൱ʦʮԲֵĲΡ
ӵеǧ
ǧҲ֪ʹ˼ֻ֣һ֮󣬵ȫûз֮ط˳ȥ޷ɴ
ûᣬǳڣһ
סϢץסꪵֱۣһ˦ֶ
еɰһͶ˳ȥ
ʦб֣ʵʮٱⲢһԣһʧ㽫ҪʧȥΪǿ̣ϻвԡ
һ֣ͬǾɱһ֣ʮ깦Ĵǿд߶ͶͭǽڣҲֽһ̴
ûзˣת۾Ҫ¡

Ͷĳꪣһž޴ĺХֱȡˡ
ת۹󣬳͸ݺݵذڵϡ
ֻô۾͸¶ŵ顣
Ȼôˣ


057 ²
ò׻֮ܵûȲ̽˵ıϢֻǻ˯ȥûд֮ڳһ
ãֻǻȥˡ
εľ쳣գԭΪԼжξӦܰǣڿİţҲþܹ֤ԼİȫǣԼֵһפӪﲻ
ԼݣϾ竣գôܹɲģ
ҪˣͻȻͣޱ𾪡
ôıô̴ꪴȻû
ͨͨӵϴ˳ĲţסϢϴˣȻ
书Ѿ뻯ľ磬ôľ룬ܻ
ͷƤ飬æ߹ȥ鿴֣ǵ˵˿ڣ֪ʲôʱֹͣѪԶ
ôصˣȻԶ𣬷˿ڣ˵ʣǿᵽ˺εȵĵز
£
ôãǴ֣ûʲôµģ˻Ϊƹض赹˵û޵ɵĵزҸղŻ֣ɱôûһɾԭûɱ
ɹʼЩĶ
ҪҪһɵ
ĶΪ֪Լ챦ܹȡ龫ǿ
ͬʱҲеľƾȡģԼиͷֶͺǴز鵤ǳԵù࣬ضк档
˵ʵʵ̫ˣʹмͻƣҲóȻ£һʳҩھҵĵҩ߻ħԩ
ϴξȡڶͽľ칦򣬲ˣȴԶԶЩͽĿֲ֣ޱǿʢͬն
ɱȻȡ뷨ջʵ̫ˣ棬ƺҲ̺ԤϵΣգЩΣûзãһɾ׷Īˣ
ԥʱͻȻ֮䣬Ƴ˵죬Ȼһİɫ
ţˣȻǡ
һջǴɱˣͷͷ
ΪͻȻ֣˵ԶԶɱмֵ
ܿ죬Ѽʿ䣬ǰҲ
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ǣԵһôܲ˳Ծ
Ȼ˶˵ĳĳأĳĳɽ͢ɱɣԴ󲿷פԣǻǵһǰֻ˵ͨԶԸһһΣҪ
ֲǺ̹Ź֣ԭ֡£ҺдڣҪȻе˶ꡣ
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ˣɻͬҪٴͻΧǸô죿
ʱ£һ⡣
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ãǻɽӪȥ˵ţָָϵĵˣҲϡֳʮˣϼӿأѹͨ
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·ɽӪأú󣬲ǵˡ
ʲôôˣ
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ܿ죬Ѻľ⣬ԶԶأн洫
޳ܵСˣΪŰڣ粻ú
ʥ̽٣ؽ㣬һ̫ƽ

һֱһɫһƬΪʲô취סڣЩ죬ҪǴʲô治ĻǴûȥϴ䣿
ְǲܣ𷣡治⼸֣ɫ˱䣬æת룬ɵҪְھͰͶϣ߸ϴź򣬽ʵһ㡣
ˣ˵ӣҲڣһŪǰץˣҲ֣ͨشһϢ˵ûˣȴͣûһһǿɵð㣬ҪΪһۣˣ͵ġ
ǣˡæӦ
ھǰ˶٣ƺԥţҪҪȥ
Ĳˣ¶һЩʣںͲ˵ŻʱԺﲻϵػţԼмʶ²ݡ
ʥ̡ɫţת˵ˣȥԷɡ
лˡ˼أ廨󣬿صʵʵܷĵ뿪
񸽽ֻܿʣͲˡ
㵽ٲ⾯䣬ûҵҪκ˹Բ˵
ǣˡӦһܿʵִȥˡ
ߵٲ⣬Ϊԥһ£ڻ¶ġ
ƿţ˽ȥ


058 ı
٣ץסģԭƿڴͻȻͣ
۾ܵŭ𣬷·𲻹ĳˡ
ûа취ӡʵ̫ˡ
ԭΪ겻ʮСӣҲǸг˵ʦƾżΣҵӰУִһӪʲôȴû뵽ʵȻԶԶԼһСģԼ﷭˴
еķŭͱֱ
ûǱУξץסġɫ˵ûΪԼ٣ʹЩȥѻ׽УξˣȻҲ˵һû޵ˣӦںʮϣʶһλˣҲʮϵĹɲôҡ
ӶԷУණҲ֪ԷԹܿܣ˭Լ°ܽƽôࡣ
˵˭ң
ĻѪҲ¶˸ֹŹֵ飬аգлںޣзŭΡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ̫⣬ơ
˵һ䣬۾۶Ͽһ
ͷӲǿɵЦЦû´ĻӦǰˣ
ǡص
ԼϹˣΪʲôҪĿڣݲȣ˵㲻ҪΪûмʶǰ̵顣
Ȼ޶ԣ·ĻֻǶ߷硣
Ҳ˵£ڣÿࡢסࡢڡ죬ֳƽľˮ죬Խ£̳㳤ͨڳΪͽΪڣŮΪڣΪ϶£Ͻط̳˵ĶԲԣ˵㲻ǰˣҲѲ˸ϵ˭֪£ûж뺵ʮа˾ŶǣЩˣ˰ϵĳϣͺ֮еĿ䣬һģһ
û뵽⹷٣еʶԣ۾Щȵؿ˿
ڿɳϣԼǰˣ
ɫɶ֪ԷڱԼ˵Ļˡ
ν˲˵֪мңûбҪһǷǳ޴Цһ飬ݣѾû塣
ȫţŶ԰˽ԼˣûбҪһС
˽Խ̸飬ҲԽࡣ
Ȼ˰Ȼûʥˣ˵ʲô䣬ϣǻʵͽڳݡ
ŶʸôƺλӺְЦЦʵ
вգ¬꣬Ϊ̳Ԫϣе׶Ϊ¬ˡУһ˿εĽȻΪ١
¬ˣûȻǸ̳ԪϡССسһ
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Ϊ̳Ԫϣ൱ڷԲ֮أڶͽĳ̳µ㳤ԪϽ̳ĵӣ˵һ൱Ҫλá
ȻҲҪһķ̳Ԫϣһݵ̳ҲԪϣԪϣȨ޷ȽϡǸ˿ڹĴأΪ̳ԪϣڽڵҪְǿ϶ġ
ǸأΪԪϣһӸλɣ
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˵ǰ̣ԹһУ֮ϣƹдȨˣ£ʥŮط̳ʹһˡ
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¬ԣڶݣ΢΢һ¡
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׼ȷ˵͹ס¬Ϊ̳ԪϣȨգ֪ɷ´Ϊһ£׵˵Թ̾·ͨ޵Ľǹ٣ǷˣսϴҲӰͣս֮ʱĻİнףֽף˭ܹģֻеõе¸ߵܳɹ


059 ͨ
ʵ껹һССҩ԰ִʱƮ¹أһǳصɡ
ҹɢȥ٣ɵԡ
ݹûһٸܹ͢׽һɡ
ǧѾݣݵŷҴ壬ϵһһЩɣ֮еĵӣҲкн׺Ϊ̲޸ƼǴԶʱطŵһ֧ͳ˵ƳԳһ̣ߴţ෽ţ˿·硣
ԶŵͳʹǣҲȻ˲űƣ鲼ǿգڸӵĹ伮鵤ҩ챦
Щ֣ӵеľ޴ƸҲʵ͵λıֻ֤ӵ˵ĵ̣ʸʵ೯
һζĺͳ͢Կվǳ֮ƣαܵɱΧʧ֮󣬰̲ȡ˸أӵ͵ֶΣѴݹŵصŷҴ壬ȫ
Ƶĸ֣޴Ĺ伮鵤ҩ챦Ҳɢ·ͨޡ
Ӵˣɣݡ
˶ΪڵİԶԶǰʵϣֻӴɵˣŻޱ𺳵ط֣Ѿڣȴܹͺĺҹ鲼صÿһ䣬Ϣ֮䣬ﵽǰδеʢ״̬
пܣĳҴУĳЩ־ĵӣǰͽӵһصݣмӼ壬͢šĶֱҲ˲
Ҳпܣ֮ϣĳλӸλĴ󳼣߹٣ҲǰͽǰȻҪնħ̣ɵУѳ͢ľߣĶ͸¶֪
УľУٽ죬С䣬ҲпܴڰͽһΧˣɱ¾ͬţһжͨʿ죬ؼʱ̣һϢأǼֵֵܵǧ
Щá䡱֮䣬ڼ䣬䣬䣬䡭伫൱ڰ²İͽӣݹŵصÿһ䣬˭Ҳ֪˭ǰͽ֪ڵĸ߲㡣
ӳǣһЩɢޣ֣ŵӣɣ̱ŻܻϵǲǰͽҲܰ̿ƣһֱڳ͢ź֮ҡڣʱΪյ̰ͼͣնɱͽΪС
𵶽ʱȴͬطУ̹Ĺҩ̸д裬̸۵
Щ֣ƻĶǰܹ޷׽Ϸ
ˮܳɽܳߣ̵ʢǷֲġ˶٣ɫ˵Ҳ֮һҪӦòΪѰɡ
¬ɫ𽥱ƺ֪飬˭ģ
˭ҵģͲҪˡһЦ
Ȼ¬ˣֲ²⣬ִһ֣˳ںߣ󴵷ݡ
Ҳ˵öԲԣһ٩٩̸ˣڳһ԰̷ǳ˽̬Ȼס¬˵
ȻȻһк˵
Ȼ¬Ѿǡˡǡǡ١ˣǣ֪һеģ
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¬룬ޱȵص
㲻ϸϢԴǱͼǲӦġ
ȻôĿڷѾʼɶˣԼ֮䣬ղ˵һЩ飬֮У֤Լ˵һЩš
ȱæžܾҵ˵ɡ
֪˵Խ࣬ҲԽ࣬ʱһˡ
ҲϢԴȻпԣͲ׷ˣǲ˵ģΪ˱ʾ⣬ҿ͵͵㣬ԷͻƽʮΪ׸ǰ̵Ĺ
ҡʮƽ𣡡¬ԣһ¶㵵ɫ
ǣ㿼ǵʱѾࡣɫѵˣڻҵĽûĵʸ񡣡
ʵ԰̵˽⣬¬ôһ䡰ʥŮƳ¬˵ķ¬˿ʼŽټΪūڼ䣬˽⵽һЩţԼͰصĶԶԶʤˣ¬Ϊб
ټϣƽʮġ⡱¬ʼĶ
ƽʮɰһǶô޴ĲƸ
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ۿҪƿȥ¬ҧҧԥȥȡ֮һƬ
ȵȡ
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060 
ȥ
ڽӵ˻Ӫľһ£ʺװ
ϣĿȴ䵽ȫƣʵʵ¬ϡ
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ӪзѺӪѾ׼ˣƶξ˼ǰ˷Ѻ죬ܰ͹
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ᵽһͨרڹѺħ֮Уиˣݺᣬܹ˷棬Ҫ˵ܣǶһҲܡ
Ҫ˭Ҳûа취֤·ϰȫ
죿üͷ
ûξҲûϵǴܹץ͵פӪûֳɵϺͷӡԶԸиЩҪӿһأҲҪһһҹƶξ֮ھͰѾ˵ǷǳѸˡ
֪ѺĹطǳϸһҲãҪȻ·ˣ˭ҲΡɫʵĻִ֮䣬Ψ©ǿʲô취ֹܹѣ
˺αضǣħȻֶθҲеǶԸǵİ취ΪȻ˵⼸죬ǶûиιʳҲ˯ֻҪһֱĥȥٸߣҲûа취οξλʦ֮󣬾ǰֽŽˣһ¶ûﻹܵˣ
ǰֽŽˣ
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ʱ¬ˣƥм䣬͵·һ˿ϢҲûУΣͼıüͷ
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СԭҲȰλˣ˵Ѿ˴Բľ磬ӵǷˣֶΣʱпָܻ˵
ʲô¬˴Բ磬ӵ
ԣ¶Ծɫ
ȻѴ¬˿У̽һЩҲ֪ǴԲĸ֣ȴǱֵЩԾΪ¬˵ʵƺԶԶлҪǿ
ֻǲ֪ΪλܵˣٴΣ䵽Լϡ
ĻλʦҲ˵ΪԲʦֶϽֻѰ˺ʱգָܻ²м
ͷ
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ǰأʦľ͹ǳûκιпܺ⾳ӵʮ깦ϢҲпܺع澳ֻʮһ깦ǳԲֻͬʮϹܴﵽʮԲ֮ȻֻҪﵽʮ꣬޳硣
زͲǷˣ̤ķ룬ʦӵʱ򣬿ԿӵʮȦƣʮϵĹԿӵһЩؼ˸ҡ
ˣ쾳½ɣֻһ֮Ȼһ֮пȥĲ࣬ҲһЩ󼰵ı졣
˺ӣֻǵУϻͯľ괺Щ֮ˣı졣
ֱ죬ףﵽԲ֮ʱ仯ҲǰˣΪ̥ǡ
õС֮屻Сڵ죬ӵʣһ츳֣ѣӵǿͻظ
̥֮ϣĴɣԲ۷ӵеһʣϳΪ
˵̥֮ǵʣԲı־ĻôԲɵı־ǹﵽӽһĳ̶ȣӵеʡ
깦Ǻ۷壬Բɵʵ˵ǳף˷˵ķ룬쾳޽ӽ
û˵ʮԲʵΪ󾳽磬һʮϹСԲ磬һǰϹĴԲ磬СԲ˵ԲԲȥƵ̫࣬ﵽ磬ҲܰѸĶҲΪʲôʹظƣȴԲ̫࣬Ϊ̫಻ˣʼҲǴԲп֮У˵һЩ֪š
Ŷ飿ЦЦ
ţʹ֮У̫ҲǿϰģϾǶ̣Ҫ̺ͱˡ˵
·ģ̸
ȴ֪˼ѾƮ˲֪δ
ͻȻԼСеů֮仯ɾ֮󣬲ɵ̥Ǳ仯ֱ仯һ޳ɴԲܾеġࡣ
ȻСԲԲɺһؽʮػҪѣ챦йϣǷǳģٱνľţӵܣҪ׵öࡣ
ﵽһҪ˵ңСƿأǻиҰģҪ̤ʵĵ֮·Ҳǲܣ


061 ʥŮ
һг̣ڻصפӪ
ǵķأһСĺ䶯صľʿΧ۱ץס¬ˡ
޵ˣҲǺأԪϵʦֻˣӵԪӵһ˿̤쾳Ŀܣ෽ɺţ統ŵӵż˶ԣǳϡ档
Ҳͷһ
㶮ʲôֱģ˵ģһԭΣûǲֵ֪ʱƣж¡
ڽʿ׷
ΣͿ£Ѿų͢ģֻл֮񣬲ŻһĻɵðüͷ
ʲôɢִڵִڣѵѵûµľ͹һȥ
ﳤ޻ΧȴŭĿԲɣǳ
ˣˣҪȻĻ˷ռࡣ
ȺӿҲɵЩżʾ
ˣҲҪˣɢ˰ɡ޻λʦȥϢʲˣ˷ѺΪƺҲò֮˰ȥ
ҹĻ١
ҹפӪһƬͣû˷ŵһӪĿյأشġħȭ

һˮͰֵ˺ƤľãƤ飬ͬʱܵأҲĽӡͻ٣һ㡣
ĻᣬЩʽϰһ飬԰Ѫǿʣ˲ɱ似˶֣ܹռݸơ
ҪҪܴɱսʤˣгЧҪȻͨţһЩɵĹʵڡ
ħȭϳǿ˵ʤɱУ߷ˡ
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ꡰħȭֻ֮ԼѧѧĶһ飬ֱо΢ȣˮ˳ա
뻯֮󣬾ͨǰʩչʽҲʩչᣬϤǰûдõĸ˻
Щ죬һЧȱ˿һ궼ҪˮɵĽ
ͬʱһµҲ֮Լѧʽ·֮ͨͻȻ֣ԼȱĲЩǹ
һʮᣬӵǿĹһ־ͿƷˣǿ˵ʤķţεĿޣҲǳԶԶȲϻɱͽʱȡĹࡣ
Һʱսͻƣﵽ˺أҲĸֱǲС
Ȼʮ֮ǰǳ磬ûбȻϵҪľ磬ǵùУԽ񣬾ͻҲԽףͺɸΪֻ֮Ϥ˾ãܰľڵϢϵת䡣
ңûĹ˶ҲҪԿ
֪ԼУǸǳʵû̸ϵĿܣʱͻͽﵽ߰˾أһޱѵ顣
ƿҪʱͻƣʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮꣿС˵ģԼԳΪҵūΪ˵ʱʲô£
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˵ĸԣʵ󣬵ӵеͻӰУ˳ģԽԽ˳˳ģԽԽ˳ҲͳΪӹˡ
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˭һǵĺ⣬ӿ
ڵĹȻ㲻ʦҲѾǺͨĶ壬ӵжһʸ񣬵ȴܹϢؿŶ⣬ֱ롣
͵תһ۾Ϳˡ
ţȻǡ
ɫ˱䣬ͻȻޱȾ㵡
Ϊ֣ǰɴʳӣԼȻ̤ʱ򣬺СһߵİʥŮСеġŮ
¬˰нף̶ǰӪȰţҳ˲ע⣬ڰسǣϵаӦǰ̽ʵȴû뵽ȻǽʥŮǰ
ʥŮԣһŮԼĪʮ꣬ȻɴȹѾߴ磬ȴʳڣȴ˼ҵǧС㻹Ҫ󣬿ͺһѾȫͬ
λӣˡ
֮һ˲ֹס⣬˵ͬʱֽ˸ֵӡʽһ
ӡΪӡǰķʱ簵ţȻ֤˵ݣӡһʹ֮Ǽٻò̽һܼͺɱԺĿܡ
ģò˰ɣʥŮߵŮüͻȻʵ
Ҳѹһ¾뵽ϣʵһ̫̫ǿˡ
֪һԭǾǰʥŮСΪǿУ˴ӡΪ̡
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ʥŮü˵һ
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λС˵öԣµȷʳͣ²λΪУڹ̣Ҳû˿ɼλΪѷǵС΢΢һЦżɽ˵
ʲôСӣ컬ࡣ
ɶСֹǳüȴ
Ůĵ⣬ÿ죬ȥҲ졣


062 
ӼʳͣΪʲôҪҽ磿
ʥŮȴŮô룬ɴµʲô飬ɫѯֱָؼ
ӾͲ£һСˣ٣
ǸˣͲװɵˣ˽֪ʥܳʳͣӦ׷涫ɱҽͽǣô¬ˣɷѿ׳簵ţ᣿
ʥŮ˵˼һز²
ѵܹݣ뽫һ򾡣
ԣţЦЦһ㣬ֱӾ͹Цǰ˵ЦʳͲܴʲôأϹʥͶ˵֮ӳ棬Ӿܳ˵𣬶ǽıĵ飬жĸͻжĻرȻҲҲֻǲѣ౨ȥԶЧں͹ҵ˽£θɣ
ŶʥŮԣ΢΢һƺû뵽˵ôһ
ıģû뵽㻹ļʶɶֹ
գգ۾´·Ҫúõʶ
öλӼЦˣЩȷķθ֮ԡ˵
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һʼֱӳƺΪӣⲢǷУ˹߳Ů޵ĳƺֻзŵŮʿܱΪӣŮûʸ񱻳ƺΪӵġ
˵֪˵ݡ
ңԶԶʥŮӣΪˣؽһ䣬ʵ֪ӽǰΪ˾¬ˣ
ԭΪ˾¬ˣԺָı⡣
ʥŮϸ˵Ҳûм׷ʣЦЦɴµǣճһǳǳĻΡ
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Ȼ̣ʩףַ񣬿ϣָ͢Ҳȥ£ƽȣūҲӦõõɵۣΪЩóȻӦ롣
˵ףɣûкôܵСʶеǳͷصĻᣬûбҪǡ
ҲûҵԭҪ͸գū뿪ȴóȻ룬Ȼʹ·ģĴ׷ɱ
˵ϲύѣ˲ţһȻˣˡֱԣ̣ƺûʲôǰ;
΢ԥܿ죬;ܾ롣
ԭˣȴһԸˡ
ʥŮĻУŵʧ䡣
һ̣ȻһУӦĳ嶯ܿ죬ѹ
һʥŮϢ֮䣬ĻƻģֲСҪ˵˽óģ
һЩԼĴ˵дΪ衣
ȻʥŮֵƽ׽ˣûһ˿һ߸ϵļӣʼջǰ̵ˣΣҪС
˭ΪǴȴ󱯣ȿѵŮǿɾʹشˡ
öߣοˣ
ûҪһϣȻƾСİţʮͿԳΪҵĹλȻһ׼Ҳ޷ʱʥŮ򽻵Ϊ¡
뻢ıƤҲδɡ
뵽˼·Խ
ʥŮγԣҲ֪ôʥŮһƬĲŶԡҵȷѾã˵̶꣬п䡢ְר£һЩ͹̱磬ֲ̫ǣˣ֪ûңΪ̵Ŀ䣿̽
ʵ˵仰ʱҲЩģΪڸͲǱԪϵĸ֣ûгΪŵӵʸ񣬾߱ΪֵǱҲȫûзӳҲţʥŮС㣬СܹԼǱʥŮûɷֲˡ
ΪԪʦԣֻǳ飬Ȼǳ飬ôҪΪ䣬Ҳֱ׳
֮ܣȻʸ񡣡
ȻʥŮԥشӦ
̰ԺɾͣôʥŮʵ·̸֮֮УһѵҲûС
ƺҲڿ壬ֱֱȥӣϲ
˵ǧ֮ǰͿʼԵ¼ûɵɢޣԼ׼֮ˣֻҪˣŮףƶԺ͹̽õĹҩԼָİΨһҪ󣬾պгɾ͵ʱ򣬻ر̣˵öԲԣʵ
繫ԣ֪֮¡ʥŮ
Ǿ̹õȼ۽Ƿ׼ԥ˵


063 ɽ
Ѿ֪ҪΪ̵Ŀ䣬һ׵顣
Թݹŵصĺңɣŷлſ͵ķЩſͣһΪȣֱʳͣ䣬й
ſУʳ͵λͣУλߣͬȼſ֮䣬
Щʳֻͣͼı±ν͡ݣֻһߵĻӣʵϣͺͻûеǸͷ­Ѫĵطؼ£ΪЧ
ĴͨʳͺʮҲкܴɣԳٺ£ܹӶͼ޹أԡȥȥ磬ٵĴٵˣҲԾ̸ˣı߾͡
ʳƶʵʦʿȥѰӼãֻһգҪټΪЧ䣬ȴǺƸ˲ţȻΪ˲ŵĵ
ʱ˻ı߾Ϊٵģĳĳţĳĳ壬䣬ǲòͬ飬ʳȥȴǱ壬ʷǳӡ
˵˿ĵزſͲͶƽȣӵһɡ
ܿɹģɡ
֪̣һĺţҲңŷɡ
һΧˣ׷ɱҪնݳȴһֱǿڵɣһ׺綼ǧ˿ϵޱصɣ֮ţеľͷҲ˶Զʤ֮
˵һӴԶԶһңŷ壬ҲԶԶ硣
ڵݵλֻңһ΢ūͶѣȻжȥҩ԰ִµĲʹҩֻҪר䣬ΪСʹûūûлɡ
֮£ʥŮʲôǿ
ҲҪλͷص;
ܱصСΣҪϽԶԶԤϡ
̺õѡ񡣡
ʥŮ壬ıԼΪ̶꣬Ѿɢޣ˵Ĺ˼ɣһһ׺Ĺأ˭ҲƲ˶ԷҪҲõķɢ޺ŵİŶԿ
׵Լ̵ĸȻȫɿ뼴õȣʵڲֵһᡣ
Ͱ෴ߵ˳·ߣ֮˵ҲӣҪųն壬˳ӣøַ磬ٷƣʦˣַҲȷʵΪٵһˡ
ѾãԼʮشԲӵЦµʵԺ󣬾һѳңԶݣСңɢˡ
·߲ͨҲƾŴԲʵΪԼȡݣλʹңҲԳΪ䣬Ǳ΢ūۡ
ɴҲԿԺѡһ·׵ģʵ
վǰ̣ǣ̫δزԼҪ鷳ȲԸԿҲԸռˣ˫ȼ۽Ƿõѡ
ʹĿҲûκξĹϸ˫кô
ðɣԡ
ʥŮƺҲĹǣûзԡ
ȡһ龫ƵͭƣһξѪͭϡ
Ǵķƣ˵һƵķܹɾѪΪԼ
˵һķѪ֮󣬿Ǳزؼʱ̣չ¶Ϊַ޷αŴҲΪ
ɢ磬нףõְ취ҪȻ˫˭Ҳûа취˭
ɣҧָʥŮ棬һѪͭϡ
ͭƷĹâϢأ·ѳ롣
˸һ룬һƣ֤ǰſ䡣
ƺ˽ⲻٱ̵飿
ɫͭУƺޱӣʥŮ̲סʵ
ǵȻ¬̸ѾҡһЦ
ʱһӲԶִ
ʥŮ¬˵䣬Ѿ̽ӪȣʥŮʾ¡
ӣǻҪ¡ʥŮ˵
ʥŮؿ㡣˵
Ѿ֪ҪЩʲôֹԴӺ¬̸׼
ɶ㳤ߡʥŮ˵ţƮȻȥ
뿪¶˸ӵ飬ܿƽɫؿ뿪
ԭΪЩۣû뵽ξȻʥŮı£ȫԲ˾Ͱ¬˴ߣʡ¡
һҲ˽飬Ȼ飬ζҪܣӵԱʵ֮ǰй¶ȥ͵Ѱ·˵ţС㣬ҲŹҡ
û̻ȥµؼѲʿûᣬֱյ蹦֮һ󺰡
ˣ죬Ӫţ
ţһҵѲ飬׷
ͺһ㣬ͽ޹


064 
һҹ֮䣬ֵĹƾշߣפӪŻɥգƽʱϲѲᣬ͵͵ѰֵĹӸǣҲûֵ飬ȫһԲߡ
ö˶˵ģôͬӪѵ˽ͨаɣ
Ӹ쳣ķŭ
ץȡǰȤûУΪǵĳҪðգͻйץʵ̫Σˣʱأп˶ɥ
νǧ֮ӣãΪӵܣǲҪųȡġ
һ棬ȡǶԣǳһҹӣӵʱһֵóƵ飬ˣǰҫڳ֮ϣھУҲΪʱ
һΣǶڷ²¬ˣǷǳصģǸƽ޹ʣõô
ϣѾѼӣȻôˡ
ⲻʧǵʧܽ˲ŭ
飡Һݺݵس飡ʲϱеı
ܵЩӸķ߿ûжİ
Ҳ֪ץסԼһ˵飬漰ȫӪʿ䣬ξãҲƾͷһ
ԣ볹飬һ
㼴̵֣£ѽҡ
еĹӸԸ
С
ǻƼҳľɼūµٶȺܿ죬ڶһ磬ͰпʿۣȻӪ顣
˵οģ֧ױ
ƺԵЩ⣬ЦЦʵ
˵ͷ
ǺãεȡõĿڹе¼ľڣͳͳξɡ
ӣЩ⣬Ǳȭǡ
ڽӪ¼֮Ĳãܿ죬ӵǰξľְ
ǷԱݵһҲһӵʮ˿ڵĴǣξѾϵԺӲ̫ƽǽֵһǰְ⽻
֮鵯ѹȥ֣ûܵκδ
ǶǣҪȻ治֪ôճ
ӶξЩƣص
ʵĽѾԤϵΪ¬ˣܵ෴Խѣ꣬˳ôôЩҪһĹӸ
һƺ⣬ͬʱҲ˻켣Уɳ־õͷҪһֱС㰲ŵĵ·ȥԼǳᱻĥΪӹµΪķˣֻṴĶǣı㡣
Լ֮УԽԽЩ
ѾûˣȻפӪڰ漸죿
عˡ
Ȼ漸ٻȥѵһˣôȥʲôʿȻص
ϵܣôʣʲôҪ£ʿЩߣʵ
⼸죬һְһ·ϣ·֮࣬ƺЩأԭΪǵǣڲŷ֣ûаϣǣҵ顣
Ҫ飬ҲûУҵȷһЩ˽Ҫ˿ˣɫʲôȥĻȥΣ
ǺãסڳǶջ㵽ʱǰɡ˵
˵ͷҴȥ
磬˵ӻʲô£ʿܿıӰЩʵ
˭֪һתͻȻ¶һЦݣĵܣ˵¥ûУ
¥ʲôʿһ£漴Ӧͬ¶Цݡ
Цݣֻ᲻Դ
ⰲ֮ǰѾڴ޻¥ݸһ¥ĹȻ黭ͨػӱߵЩһˣôҲһ׸ˣɫˣûлļӣĻҲܶ࣬ң˵滹аϣޣЩϷҵŮˣҪ˵ƷȫҲ˶١˵飬·һطȥܲãȥʶ
ǻʲô춼ˣߣ
ֱֵ¥ѰʱȴڽͷβѰҰ̵ľݵ㣬ת֮һƫƧСﾡͷ
СľͷֻһƾɵķݣһŮǰӯӯһЦӣһΪ㲻ء
ɶʥŮ棿ǰʵ
ǳΪ֮̿󣬵һǰݻᣬдЩ档
ʥŮ棬ͨڵǰ벻Ҫڱǰơɶ˵
ͷɶָ£Ժӣú󣬾һá
ʱҹĻѾ٣ѣŲˣЩ˵У͵ˣз绪ï꣬ƵҲл껪ŮŮ٣һӦȫ
ϿԿǵְҵũū澣ˣ䣬½۵ĵ𣬸үиҵ˶УһЩװݣӺݣͬһյˣʿӣйĴԱ
ЩݵλˣȴһãƽƽС̸۶Ծļ⣬ĸȤţʶ
һĻˣа档


065 ͳ
öһɢԵ÷ǳ⣬һ۾Ϳһ˴ԼļӰڲԶ
˴ԼļˣǰʥŮ
ʥŮͬһŲѣһģûκһͱ˲ͬǰңͨڣʾƽɵĽ塣
ʱһũģˣΡΡվ˳һ¯ǰڷŵСͭӣλףʱ䵽
˷Ѱժ䣬ϸϰУ״ѽѧԵУɢնʱһɨգޱׯء
ԭǰ˽ڣ޳ַ𷨵ķᡣ
˵ҹɢؾۻᣬ֪ЩʲôȴԭǾһʽΪΡ
ӣʥŮκȻᡣ
ɶ񣬲Ц
ףǰ˱޵ĹΣãʥŮʱҲ鲻кԼⵡ
ȻҾ߶ˡع񣬲ɫص
ӣ롣ɶֵ
֮ɶ
ӣʱѵɶ㣬ȸˣǹ£ȿЩ顣
޷ȥɡ˵ͷ˵ȷʱԡ
ɶ뿪£߹Ȼڷżᣬһ
˵
ϣӳģ֡
ţɳӵһʮ΢ɲǹ飬qΨĳűأ֪ϱ֮ľںâǧ֮ʼڳԾΪȤ֤֮֮Ҫż֮ţʵȸ䴦򣬽;Ǵ֪ȺͶּɣרȰҲ
ţ
üͷ΢塣
ǰ̵ĽԴ𣿡
ݹŵأѾûŵĴڣɣ൱İġ
ԼһţǾǰ̵ǰȻǷŵİᣬ귢չѾݹŵصĵϣԳһɣ鲼׺ɵţʼֳ˵
ͳԶŷţߴ֮󣬾ʧӰ٣䣬ʲô£ūͣȫö֪һԿ϶ǾǰѲǴķˣû֪ʲôǷţǵţ
̣һʲôĽɣֻߣڼ̳еʲôͳΣ϶Ǵķš
뷨¡˵ᣬҪзһЩߡ
Զ֮ءϹʱЩȻǼʱǨĴ澭
һ
֮ʱȻ͵͵鿪ǣȴûпЩ飬翴涼˵Щʲô
Զ֮ʱ磬˷Ρ
ʱ巽ۣƿ죬˻ͳ˰ҵҹջ·ʰšʱɣ֮⣬ħ飬飬С
ЩᣬǼʱǨĴ澭ɵؿ
һ֪Զ֮ʱ磬ֱɣͳΣʱ磬巽ۣ˼˻ʣɺ֮⣬ؼ仹ħָ飬ÿ飬иԵѪкгϣܼңĿܣ˵ۣɷ
һңԶֻԻ͵Զʱڣչǰм䣬͸¶ԶŶֲãϢ
мصʱһͨ飬ҲɵչĻƽʱڣеķﶼпܵõԵɣȻ;ѣг˰ϣʱɵǳ٣ǿգңԶ档
һзٲʢľֻһԪᣬؼͱսɣˣħ˽˼һеĺƽ١
඼ѾںƽֻȻǿţЩŵֵУΪɫľˣˣҲʧȥԶʱڵĻԻͣʶޱȴ˼Ҳ֮ȫëѪźҰһ
һЩͨŽĴܣΣվ쵼Щܣгϣ̻ӣϣ̻ľȡũϣ鳢ٲݣԶѧ֡
Ӵ֮죬أɣ˵ʷϹš
һϹʱĴӣãҸмһһ֡
˼Ҳ·ЩأڹഫĹС


066 ̫
ԴսᣬΥ˳֮⣬˻Ȩ˼Ҳɵ˵ҲʼŸԵĹ켣չ
ʱ޵˽̫ϣ죬ţͳ̽ˣǵļȻͬȴʼܹϺΪǶһͬĿ꣬Ϊ˰Զʱʧ֣ͨǧѰһĿ꣬Ϊ飬ܹµõңܹ˰˻֮ࡣ
Ȼʱʱ̫ϽطȻΪһ˽ɱѹ̫ˣѸոյõչɵ·ӡ̽ĳɹҲתΪͳεĹߣԦա
Ӵ֮Ϳ̿಻ԣط֮ľҲԽԽ˽һϸλȿǲ츣գȨԶܡ
˼µĴУطĺҲʼ̫ϡѰʵĳɹã˾ȨڣЩ˼룬ҪԾ˻֮λûеطü޳˻ʵƳΪ̷˶ɖʽ³Ϊ͡
λͣ˴ɹʶͼ⸴ţ²죬أʣϧǣûüıµĸ֣е䣬Ȼɺ̳лλ
˵ԣҲ˸ת䣬һ̫ϽͶ͢˸߹٣ͬʱ׷֮һѰǣȲİ취̲ɵ͵ìܣɴ˲
ٺĩ꣬·ңս̫ϣ̸Ͷһոѿɵٴʱ̶ȡϴβĽѵʶԼĴ
̶ûϵǣǵĴȻȴѾ˷ǣɵ˵ķ磬ҲɵּͣսĹʢĵͳ֣ʧ̫ϣҲݱɷɢš
˺󣬴̫Ͻ̷֧žһֱЧЧԶʱڵɵۣͥɹôĿģҪΪ߸ϵİе޵ˣˣ磬ֻأ޾ʱգҪǵĹϽĿģŵǿҷ£ûܹɣűΪЩߣͥĴҵʵ֡
ֱǰͨ·ɱɳԺԼɮµ֮䣬ǧ˰Ժ٣գĲϣɸ䣬ڻϽ⣬ͭԼӡǮûյ²ǧ꣬ūʮˣʹַͣĿԺɮᣬҲȫȻףūصķ𾭵伮ĹܸΪ˻ʼҵղء
֮ʵͼưԵҰģһ¶ͨʵϽ˽ϰķнɣŵĴж˲ţҪμӳ͢Ŀƾ٣ȻΥʿ˲٣ʿΪҪѪٰ衣
ԣڣΪ׵ߴţɶ˲ŵ㣬ûصɣҲΪߴŵĸӹ׷׼Ϊ״ġˡΪеڡ
ţķչ̣֡
Щƺɰ˱׫еļأȻͼͥͳεҰļң̣ѹȵķŷᡣ
ޱȵġ𰸡ǰҲжţڴ͢Уֻ˵Űı֮ͽﵱȴûᵽЩĻ
Щǡɱɳ飿Ͻ˽ϰķҲǴ֮ʼ䲼ģͳ֮֮Ȼ˳ǧ꣡
ô˵źˣ̳е̫ϵͳ̺ħ̳еͳֲñ˴˵жԣˮݣȴ־塣
ͯûôܵƻ󣬵֮󣬻ǲɵ˳˼
ǲаħаħʵģĵֻԼķš
Щ飬˽һЩԶʱźʷ֮⣬û̫ãļʶѾٹ̣ı䲻
˼ģ͸¶һҪϢ
ټ磬޾ʱգ棬ȻһֱԶʱŰѳ֡
ţһǡ̫ϡһǡ족
½ɣеͨɷеɣţȫţǾͺһһ˴ƣǣ壬ȴֺڰ׷꣬ݱΪֽĸ֡


067 ݾ
ֵյ蹦ûмʥŮɵ÷ᣬߵǰĬĬ
ͽеľģΪڵеĸӡƣۻʱУ뿪ʱղͽӴʱ䣬ֻεʱ
԰̵βȤһŷ֣Щ澹Ȼ̺һЩǳţЩţǹؼǾģԣ붨񣬵ȵȵȵȣľϣͨ˲ҲпܵõһЩ彡޲ʹ
ӵЩȥ˵ʤķţԷˮһ򵥣һصĹ򣬾һĸ֡
˼һףΪ̻
ֹƬ̣ж꾭ģʱ䣬ʦȡ壬ţһ޷һЩƣ£ͬʱҲƽȣʶԼΪ˲޲ͬĵ
̽ƽɣͲЩڵū澵ͽԺײˣ𷣣
֮ڽʥŮɵ΢΢һЦʵ
ӣֻһ룬Ȼ֪̾лнʶӦǰΪūĵֻҪڿ̤ʵ£δͲᷭˡ
ʥŮվɵͣ˵
ʱЩȻһʱ֮䣬Ȼ벻α粵
ѣʥŮش֪۱۾ģͽ壬ԼҲȲġ
ˣӣҿҲ̸۵ģǲҪ˵ЩˣʥŮΣڸһ̨¡
ӣ롣˵ͷ
ͰʥŮ»ص˫ֱˣɶ裬̴УʥŮҿɴһڲˮ
ȻԤϣʥŮʵĿһλɫˣ߸ϣĸ߹޲ͬɫǵͶ֮䣬ֻ˸ек·İ֮ģû˿ǿҲۻͷ
һֻҪͻҪ׽ɵð̾һܹ֮˥ȻһףλʥŮκ˿ΪС
ټϽɢޣ׻ݣأȶʹݹŵأҲ޷Ĩ
վ־ᶨ֮ˣûΪɫˮͿżɽʵʥŮԼʲô飿
ԭǰ
ѾΪ˱̵Ŀ䣬ԼǰȻǰд³̣֪ѧģһһɵķţʥŮ
Ŷʱ˷ðΣգΪ̵Ŀ䣬Ȼ壬𷨶˵ģ˵ףǺɢһΪ˰̵Ĺ伮иɵҩ
Ŀģ޷Ǿǳ˰ķţСһ𷨣ħݼס˵֪˵ûУ
ʥŮƵ˵
¼ɵҲãݸɢҲãΪħĸħҲã벻⼸ķţν壬ɵĽ𵤴𷨣ǷȪຣ˶ȼķţΪڣڣڣɱħָħеָĴħħħħħħȻͬаħгɣһԶͨɳɷ𣬲֣֮ڵĶݼףǸŵķţгɣͬӵͨ쳹صܡЩ֣ųǧ֪ѡһ
⡭ˡ֪֪Щţʲôͬʲôݾߣʵ
˵ЦˡķţԶŵͳԴͷ׷ݣڻܱģһʿ֮ѡвŻ򷨹һͶͨ˵޵ħħɷ޷֤ǲ˼֮¡
ʥŮȻûش𣬵ȴѾ֮޽ݾߣҲ˵νݾԭҲǧС
Ȼ˵ʱ򣬰ʥŮͻȻͣһ¡
ʲôʵ
Ҫ߽ݾҲǲУҪԸԸߣܲߡʥŮ˵
ԸԸܲܡϸϸƷζŰʥŮ˼
ǳ򵥣㿴ũӵʳֵĹջƣͨƷջǻƣھӪȻһǮƹֵأһҲֲҡǮʥŮ͵
ԭˡ΢΢ͷ
ףҲֱףһܹ̾ס


068 Ԫ
޺ƲҹݲʣҲͬĵ
ڿҿҵͺƣһҲû㹻ʱѸãʳĵر鵤ҩټɱ˶ᱦǿʵֶΣȻܹߣҲˮɡ
ʱҲףΪʲôСᣬܹзǷĳɾ͡
С㣬̳ǰԽѪʡԣָݸūͣҪ
ΪʲôҶţΪʲôŴɳܣ
Ⲣ˵ڿҿң̤ʵصĻ۲Ҫ෴ǡ֤˻۵ҪǣЩҳţӵ壬ǧĻۣҪԽǣر֣ûκϣ
˼š
ӺûиңʦкˣһɵĹʱʥŮʵ
һɢˣɣҲûʦ𡣡ҡҡͷ˵
ûдڹŵĹʥŮص
ûС
ʥŮӹһ˿ɻƺľǳ⡣
ΪſͣȻûѧŵĹ
Ҳֻ֪һССʳͣƵôţܶ죿˵
ȷһɻҲСԼǱ̫һʰɡ
飬ûбҪ԰ʥŮҲмڱԣֻǺش
ȻˣҾ͹һöԪ󵤡ӾԲɣף̤ɵʥŮΪ˵
лʥŮȫ¶ϲɫ˵
֪أԪϵʦлӵһ˿̤Ŀܡ
̤죬Ϊ½ɣܹΪˡ
ʥŮһӶ࣬ȴվĻϲ
˵ݡԪ󵤡ҲǮƣ̹ҩ˼վһ飬ҪûʥŮİʹǮҪܹ鵤ҩҲһ׵¡
ʥŮɶʾ⣬ɶ䣬̶һֻ˳ֻУɫŴ߹Ľƣһֵ֪ơ
ɶ򿪽УʱŵŨҩƮ˳
һĿͶУȻһöСͨ徧Ƶ鵤
һöСͨ徧Ƶ鵤ֱܰ˵Ŀˮ
ŨҩĴ̼£оԼӶ࣬˳ˬ·ֻҪһڣƮƮɣ·Ѿ⣬ϴ
˵ÿһλϵĹС㣬ʮ꿪ʼԺ󣬶лõһöϴ鵤ҩֻһöʳȥܹǣﵽԴﵽľ硣ҷЩҩǲǿϸϳС㣿ЩҩҲ֪ʲôһ鵤ҩǶҩҾˡ
ö鵤һЩͷ
ֵҩԪ󵤡һһ鵤ҩĹЧһöʳȥʹ˹ʮ֮꣬ĶֵҩĲϺ󣬾Ǵ֮УǧңҲֻܰϵϵӵܣ֪Ĵڡаٰζʱ򣬰ʥŮ
ʮ깦һֻ˵һֽѪ󵤡鵤ҩ˵Ĺʮ꣬û˵ʲôҩܹһʮ깦
ҩҩ㣬ʦĹƣѪ󵤿ʮ깦ʵָ̺һپҩʹϢһپԪ󵤣ʮ깦ָ̺İپҩʹϢİپ
ʦͺľ֣һȦȦܹɵϢǷǼ򵥵ӣʮ깦Чʮ깦ЧȻͬһ
Ҳ֪ͬһ͵ĵҩԽ࣬ЧԽöͬʱʳĹΪ̵Ĳҩһ֡
ʦһǧöһ깦ͨ鵤пܳɾʮĹֳԷʮʮĽ߿ѪûбҩҲװӶȫ˷ѣˣû˻ᶯ޴ͷ
Ϊ֪ЩףҩȡѪ󵤡ҪǿġԪ󵤡жô󣬴ҩöشġѪ󵤡ֵ൱һöԪ󵤡ʵʹЧҪ塢öѪ󵤡ܱȵ


069 
Ҳ֪Ѫ󵤡֡Ԫ󵤡Ѫ󵤡ҩǿЧ棬Ĺʮ꣬ʮ꣬ҷֵҩ޳ɵĹӾԼãͿԪԹԶ˵ˣҲһöȥܹԪ̤ءʥŮ˵
أҲʳҩֻԼ޵ĻҪܴﵽʮ꣬ʮꣿҶʮһգʼձֿꡣҲԪΪʹҲһʮꡣ
ʥŮĻԭƽģ
СֻȴûнҾôȥֵҩ˻ʱ侫ǮƣѪռϣƶɣҰŪ֣ǶȡЩŬ֮
ûˣ޷ôöҩǶô޴ĲƸֱһӣصĶӡ
Ͳ˵֮£ôܹģ
ͨǮƣֹۣغĶȴûа취ԡ
һ˲䣬һ̼̣Լ̵ĳ嶯վѹס˳嶯ƽ
Ȼǰ̣һ־Ըı˵飬ѶΪļǮֶΣɼһߡ
˼ŷʳҩ֮ǰδб仯
ӳʳɣԹڵǿȣЩҩֻҪʱҺɶԱ߸ӻӴԷʩΪ
áӹɶĵ裬ԥȥ
ǶҩҲƴˡаţһöԪ󵤣ͷȥ
һſнҺ븹ʱ·ȹҾһ㣬ס
͵ҩ
һæƽʱѪķĵϢ֫ٺߡ
ǰûзʳ鵤ҩʱֻû
ؽҪĵڣȻһһת
Դ⾳֮󣬶Բһ⣬ȹȥ࣬ҲܹԽ
ҩ֮󣬲ҩȻӴ󣬵ǳû˿鲻ܲ亦ļ
Ϣڼתһһϴ̺ͳУӴҩ𽥱º֮УԭϡĹŨ־
һ꣬꣬꣬ꡭ
оԼϢڲϱǿ󣬶֮УҲ·һһƣС˵ġ֡һ㣬ܹɵϢࡣ
ۻϢʼڻתǹȥϡͬһ㣬صҺ塣
ĸ֣ȫΪؼѨ֮һλһ֣֮УǴϢĵطʱʳµ鵤ҩѾգʼ
һӴص
ĺӿ֣Ѫܵǣ·ԴԴϵӿ
ƣ·Զ֮ʱĻѣĺӿ˳ƾˡ
·𿴵ԼȫѨУ̺ûбֵǱЩǱžѪÿתһΣȫѪԽ⣬ɾ
ܿ죬ͱȫڣ죬ƤĤǿ飬ѪҺתɾѪҲŷ΢ı仯
һε̥ǣϴϢ澭ߣÿһ羭ҩڶøӼѪԽգϢԽ
Ľǣ⣬ʵӼͣ΢˾Ƥµһһ¶ɫ·һ㣬ԵǹĴ
ں
Ҳ֪˶ãڸоԪ󵤵ҩȫƽлŨϢĬĬ˹һ£Լ˾ʱһޱ˳ĸо·ȫĽǣšһţ־ܰǱʹзĸо֮䣬ǰʮʮʹ
ҲȻ飬ʮ깦ġѪ󵤡ҪƳοöԪ󵤡
ûԵЧϳ
Ѫ繯ԪҵıԪ֮Ѿ޳ɣֲ˶˵ԽǿԽ޳ɡ
ı仯ףӴ֮Լ˺رԪﵽ˺ϳ˾磬Ӵ˿Գϳ˵ʦˡ
ˣʣһεҩҲԵϢҲűǡ
һϢȷ֮ǰİٶֱӾʡȥ˶֮
ԭֻپϢٶ൱ڶʮĹ


070 Ǩ
ڶ磬ӰܾۻóȺһ飬侲
Ȼǰ̣Ķ飬Ժ͸Ѳ˸ϵˣҲãұʹǵֱİپΣ㲻ϳԿ
ֵ΢Ѫɢƣ
⾳ϵʦһɳԸоƣϣԵգչǳвͬǣԿƵʱڣȥ˿ߣһע⣬ͱֺͰСᡱȻ󱻾ٱܻɣʣȻͶ·ɴͶ뵽¡
ʥŮһС˼ҩ֮ʱ˳˷ʡ
ǳѣ̵ĺֻصĽףǾϺԺ⡣
ʣеҪְˣǻɱУû˿ɽ
ϾáԪ󵤡ǹ˰̣ƽ׵õô˫Ľ飬ԶԶðſΣգҲҪάĵز
ܿ죬ҵǶջȴֵܻ
Ҳֵ֪ܸʲôȥˣֱ̫ɽʱ򣬲ڻһľݡ
ȥôһ춼Ҳ㻹ΪǲЦ˵ȴ⣬ˣѰȥˣ϶֬ζ
ϵܣ»ˣ
Ȼֵ¶ı顣
ûҵ˽Ѿꡣ֪˵ͷúϢһһͻӪɡ
ڷפӪӣһȥʥŮĽӴӪֻ֪ÿҪȥѲΣȴûõѩаǧһٷĹ򣬾˼·̣ȥûһ͵֮İǣܻʥŮͰʥŮ̸۵ָ
ΪҲЩͻͽȫ˺ء
ӵʹȻո޳Ԫʹﵽ˱ԪɣףɼҲָտɴ
ķͰʥŮְ֪һ̸
ʥŮˣڵΪȫʥŮָ㡣ЦЦ˵
Ϊ˷УʥŮС
ٹһգҿ²ǰʥŮ̻ˡţԼո֪飬˵˳ξѮҾҪǨϵȺίΣȻϸϻս
ҪսʥŮ
ɽ²òӡ˵
ȻˣҲˡ
ʥŮ˵ͷҲְ֪ûɿԣ˵ҵǶξľҲòӣ¾£פפûһ˿ּۻ۵ء
ʥŮԷģȻǱϻսȴǰߣںɨĲ࣬ͬʱ飬̫Ļᣬɡ˵
ս½ֲ֪жϻҪˡʥŮһãŵھӪ಻㣬ҲǿʲôҪ빫ܼʱ򣬴ȱΪŹЩ޹档
ȻµƾģʹʥŮԵϹˣҲΪ˵
ˣƹ߶ھ֮ϣƽһһصĵʧ빫ԴȱΪҪӼƽЩС£ҪȫӵĵСʥŮص֮䣬ƺĳŵ⡣
ŶΪΣ
ɱûкʵĹ⣬һ죬ѣƵƵ٣޵ȨŻΪ壬Գ֣ɱ޹֮񡣡
Ե;̤쾳磬Ȼл֪
ʥŮ֮䣬͸¶һЩŵš
һԼ֪һЩŰѳֻȨ𹩷ǲֱӹµԭ򣬵ʥŮû͸¶ĶҲֻ÷ЩνĲ²⡣
ʥŮصӪʼ׼ϻĵ顣
һΣ̾͸ϸΣҪȥϷİ϶ξһʱְʱ䣬Ϊĥ˼Ҫĥʯͷһ˵ĸĥ飬ίΡ
Ϊ֪£ıԣܵý죬Ǽӵʤεģǰξְǵǰ׼Ҳʱѧϰ˶ξȻоḻٸϻĵξְˡ
Ӫ棬ѳԣټϲһȺϤϱȻһ˳
ڣ֮Ȼյ˽УξְϳǵζξĹġ
Ҫˣ


071 ζξ
ȫӪ£Ϣϲǣϲ٣λÿȱ㰾ͷԸٷƣǵǣôһλˬ󷽵ϹǨԺҪ̺ôɾûôˡ
Щ˵ᣬעģһˡ
ЩӣմԼǰ;δ಻ͬĿ֪ԼԶƽӹҲгͷأΪ˵һ죬ԼʼиͷҪշһܹԼĵˣΪ۰
ˣǲ
Ҫ뿪פӪ¶ģֱֵܿҪˡ
֣ʿ֣һ֮롣ͬ½򿼺ˣͶ֮ͬˣԼҪ󣬡ܷѲתøңҲռǱˣʲôҪ󾡹ܸᡣ
ҪѲߣҪֵ̲סһΪ֣ûҪʲôû뵽ߵʱҪ
ǲܾǱͲѲūͷϧūͣҲΪ˭óٷƣǴʱ򣬾ܾҪƽ׵صˡ
ϵܣˣĿūֻܴͣ߾У黹ڼУ˷ţҲ÷ЩʱղùʺɣھʹӦ
С㶼Լѩһôֵһ᣿
ûйϵҵžˡ
Ǻáʶ⺰һ
кηԸĵ߽Ӫ
ãӽԺͲҵūͣҵūͣԺ͸Ӱɡ˵
ҪúõҪҵʿҲһЦ
ǡɫֳΪūͣɫʡ
ʵҪԼ͸ҲɬģЩӣһЩΪãȻᣬΪ˴зִ磬еֺãָǿˣԶԶȸֵλӵҪá
뵽Ѿ¶ģҪúø
ȥӪڶĶȡ˵꣬Բ˵һ
ֵԼоͶұĴ㣬ɵֱӣȻûһӪȡһľн
ϵܣʲô˾ȵص
ǰѲū͸㣬ֻСһ׮㲻ôףҲǶɣĪǿǣװص
λҪᣬֻԱˣղգ뿴˵Ц
ԣľУ̲סϲ֣ԭһŷʮΪǽؽıǮ˶ųô᲻˽ʾõĿģ¹һЦ˵
ϵܣǰǴæˣл㣡ֵԵص
ԺڰϳǶξְʲôҪæģҡ˵
ѾǺΤƽĶξ٣ҲֵЩפӪξٵĶͷ˾ظĵú죬ŵͷ
ֹ˼죬ʰԼװǰϳǸΣܿڶξ
һΣûѣΪ϶ξ¼ͬź˾ѾԼ֪ˣ򵥣Ȼôçײ
ҲֵɣͻȻ뵽ڰİʥŮɶˣҲ֪ϳǣǷҲа̵ķ̳
ӣæҪȥεĵһ죬îɵýס
ʲôææģЩ㴦˾Сɫصξ٣ƹܵݴССʮפӪ˵ã˵󲻴˵СҲСҲûбҪ±عףһжоɵĳǰĹôþСˣͽɣԼŰɡ
ңôɣȻ
Ҳ֪Ӹ಻ϲЩ£ƫƫ϶ξԺûͳʵȨҪں󷽵඼ǹܵ飬Щūȥǲԣһ©ͻ
ȻܵΣǲҶרЩ
ض˵ҵû󣬰дֽϣһٹĿ˦˦֣תˡ
ǳϷûдսæֻǱ󣬴ǷĵС飬ֵרŸȷԵСУΪ٣ֻҪеȣӰ졣
бµ٣Լ棬ƾݱӣҲܰ෴ûۺıǮ˵һǧһûҲã´㣬µĹԱֻܵŹؼʱ̳©ڹ
֪͢٣ƿĴͷ죬ΪЩķǳҪר־شһ굽ͷҲæ
ڵεǾ٣װĵõķţӪɣ˲ʿĲȵȵȵȣָǮйص飬ܺǣϹϵЩ飬ĥһٴƤҲ˵ݹá
ʦܰѱʱ䣬˷ϣ
ǳЩǣ˿Ըľ


072 ҩϢ
ӶξĿĵţڽεȴѰҰ̵ıǡ
ЩܵĽɣһ紫ѶֶΣһЩķţֲܹܳͬ˼
Ҫ֪ûķ̳
ЩʧѰп±ǵĵطֻһ۵ĿջǽϣҵͯͿѻһķţʾа˾
ϳǲǰ̵Ҫֻ̳ߣʥŮûаѸε簵Ÿҡ
ҡҡͷѰҰˣ˼Ҳ𽥵ȥתۼ䣬϶ξѾаˡ
ͥԺ˹
ĲʽǵϢ˾ϳ˵ȫľ죬͸Ԫ
ʱ̵ⲽĥһһ֮䣬֮棬ֳܡ
ʱвķӼضΪɣǸӵͨˣʵֻѪҺ֮ĹĵԪҲЩ˶УĥԽǿᡣ
ҵĵƽʮЧҲǳˡ
һĺˮ˳ڵʣҲųǾѪռĳɷ֣ԽԽ٣ЩǾѪȫʧʱԲˡ
ڣһһ
һʱ֮󣬲ͻȻ֮䣬ϲɫá
ˣϢ
ʲôϢɫʵ
ˣҴĵҩ¸¾оС˵
ʲô˵ҩϢǴϢӹһ˿ϲͣ
ǴξģмſͣϢҪۺˡڽҩģǴ̻ᣬ˵εᣬҪһηųʮöѪ󵤡ϵʦ˵
Ϊ֮ˣҲ˵Ѫ󵤵Ĵ֪ҩƶɣһʦʮ깦鵤ҩһ
ЩԽʱпܸһﵽء
Ϊ߰˾أϳˣﵽ˺صˣҪﵽأֻʱ⣬ͺͬΪгˣһ
ʱҲһܴ⣬ǾԼĹʼջûбֳ񾳽һĿ١
ΪѰͻƣòעҩڱ֪ԺǾͻһогѪ󵤡
ǰϳǰ⣬һĴǣشݽ֮꣣Թ̼Ƽ֮ء
ⳡģ̻ᡣ
ơԽ֮صĹųƣҲϷ֮еľͷشﲩССĹңҪͷȻһģϵϢѾսĴлָ
̻ᣬ֮Уͷļ壬̻ᣬרڸ֮䣬޸棬ҲսӰʱ֣ƹҡ
ˣ̺ţֻ棬׵Ķǲͬ޶ĸ棬ֻģķҩؼĵرֻˣʵʿҲעǵᣬֱΪƣΪ꣬þˡ
̻ᣬųѪ󵤡ϢһҲϡ档
ҲϵʦиֵҩȻӣɱ߰ҪеĶеʱ򣬻ҪԵǡó¯ܸϡ
̽Ϣ֮󣬲Ͼҵ顣
ãúáʲôӣжãʵ
ӣǰ¶ʮţὫ³С
֪ˣǾȥμӣһҪʮöѪ󵤡¡ݺݵص¶־ڱصõơ
ʲôӣʮöѪ󵤡һΪһö鵤ȴû뵽ȻһͰЩҩ¡
ҴʮöѪ󵤡һʳߵĹѾƺãڵĹǶʮ꣬ԼٶʮʮöѪ󵤡ҩһǧһ㹻ҩؿֲΪҩ԰ӣ߻ħ˵һ൱ļƻ
Цһ
ãѪȻϡ٣ȴǿǮ򵽵ĶôеĺƻȡЩҩٺʲһж˳Ļηʳ鵤ӹҵҲܹһ¥ﵽء
ԴӴﵽϳ磬ȻȲΪһջ۵Ḷ́ʹ⣬ӵв˼ǱҲ޷ƾյõӵ鵤ҩһж⣬ʮöѪ󵤡һʳȥᱩǣ൱ʮޡ
Ϊ˴ﵽĿģϧǮơ


073 ¥
̻ὫҪڽǾᣬСѪ󵤡Ϣ˵ƶ֮£˳Ƶģݷ贫
Ҳ⣬Ϊִ֪͵ᣬϢ˾̻᱾ҪƣҪƱػøޣҲ
ԣӿǲμᡣ
ȴһҪ飬ǾĹأΣǼ۸ߵãֻʵˣܵõЩҩǮƵģֻĴŶˡ
ȻܿʹεᣬĹƣȻҪ۲ȷʵŻ˲ٵˡ
һǸƣǽӴĲɣԣһԶһһǧƽ𣬼ʮˣôŵĺƣ
֪Ľ۹һ൱һǮһǮ˵ᡱһԣ֮ҵȫƲᣬȴֻǸݵĺƣʵڿ֮
֪ƣܳΪ̻Ĺӵμʸ񣬶ҳ۵ʱڷյĹϯСƷźǴеͷǮƵˣô᲻ЩƣʾԼһȣЦ
ŶĻҸɴҲһʲôһȲһȵĲҪҪǵ͵¡Ѫ󵤡׼һʮöʵ̫ͷˣȻ±֪Ҳ鷳ƽ׵¶
һ˵
һֱ֪СԼж͵ĵԼΪ᲻档
ҲûйֵģΪǳԼ챦ԼͰ̰н׵飬ҪԱ֮⣬Ķ±С֪
뵽Ҳ¶ģμᣬǷԸȥŪһöʱμӣѡѪ󵤡¡
ǣӡûжӹƱȥ׼
ʱܿ͵˾£Ȼ֮ʱһ죬ַǷӿֳˣͬʱʦȵ֣߸̣ˣҲڽǵĽͷ
Ҳ˽ǣһģǲ
͢䣬ȴ޲˵Ͻ֮ģҪɾԲˣôࡣܵյĲͬҲɵ÷һ̾
ʱܿҪУעġѪ󵤡֮⣬Ŀϱ챦˿ۻҡ
ϲرţ¥̻ᾭӪ֮õ̺ţ޽ޱȵݻվ¥ǰ֪жѵһ䱦ϡŹֵ⡣
һӸͷŲУޱȵ磬վ¥ǰǸоĸпӿ˳
¥Ȼ鴫ԶԶؿһҳҲϼʶǷǿ¥¥һЩΣδţݺ̶һҲĲر󣬿ɼЩˣҲСơҲȻܹ̻ᷢչӪ˥Ļϲң棬Ҳû̫Զοǲһ壬޷ǿ󡣡
û̻ᣬ˵Ҳڱֻ֧֣ߴ̨ľͷͷ
ڱ֧֣ͿԳƵӴˣϾľͷǺϡٵġ
¥Ĳ¥һվ͵¥
Ὺʼмʱ¥⣬Ѿͣ˸ɫΣ̼ʦˣۼ
ЩˣЩϱصĸ̣ʦЩݹŵأҵͣһЩòڳˣϻıĮԭЩطˡ
ʮȳȵʦһһţ¥ţǳܡ
ЩʦȻӵкص磬ҹ񣬸ڲ꣬ʦ
ּңļ£ʵΪˣЩŵֻһˣ߹ȫֱʹУξְһӪıʹûи߹ĳһΪʿӳ棬ͶУҲƾһ书ΪѫͷأȻֻǿˣһ㣬ͿԳƵǴֱʡ
ǽȥɡ
һſڵĻԲ˵
ͲûдŽȥԱߵƧСš
רΪҪĹͨȥһ·϶˵ȣԱܹٵĶĿ


074 ʢ
ܿ죬ͲһûʵĴŴĻ̺̼¶ݺеһ㷱æȥĿˣߵ¥㣬Ĳμֻѯڽ׵̼ңһ¥չ䣬߰żˣƷƣҲޱȡ
Լн̸洫˳
˵̻ӰŪһ̼ȫ󳼺ҹŮ߹޶ˣұ̵÷ǻźˣһȥŮūͿ˼޸
ڤⲿʧѾõؼȻҲҪ˭ֱܹԿɣһС͵ţҴõˣҲΪ֮ǿԼʵ꣬ܶϰϳ˵ĸ֡
ҪģȻѵŮ˵ЩŮǴС;רѵź˵ū澣ǰһֱ˵ȴʼ򲻵ζ򼸸ؼңǲǡ
˵ū澣ôٵһƷ¥ūһƷ¥ūҲѵصģ׳ţȴѱҺֱͷҴĺŹӺǧС㣬ʱ˵˵ңɽţһƷ¥ūҪûУ˼˵š
ʲôεᣬȻСѪ󵤡ǿʮ깦鵤ҩҲȡʯ֮ҩգȫ޺󻼣ʹ޶֮ˣҲ˿߻ħķգ
ָϢ͵֮й¶˳
εᣬҪġѪ󵤡иָ챦ūͣ澣ֽףݸʹԺƷУҲ֪ʲôͨ󣬾ȻЩռȫõ
깦ġԪ̱Ԫġǣָ˵ġ衱ߵڵɽϵѩ޵ͣظԭĻǣֶĵر
һЩף۶ˣ׷Ͻʦŵӣһƺƴʢ硣
ʹõķ쾳ϵʿƣ䶼ѵһû뵽Ҳе
һ㶼֣ΪԲɵʦҲҪǮƣҲ˵ûдﵽ쾳ͻǷˣȻҪԺʳסУȱ٣̰ǮҲпԭȫΪǣ˾޴ĲƸſԹ˲Σ¹ףѩѣƾ֥ȵȵȵȣҩſԴ򷿲أūͣǱΪĴµ
ˣǰʳԴԺθڴ󿪣ÿٶҪ⣬ɽ亣ζԷʢɿڵζȣӪܸϣҪȻĻֻԴֲ赭嶼
⻹ǹ¼ҹ˵ҪǻһɵţϣҪǮƣϾԼܹٹȣʳͷ¶ʳ˼̻µĵҲҪԺֻԽӴģҲԽӴûо޴ȶĲԴûа취һɾӪ
˵ǿʦκݺҲΪԽߣԽҪǮƣҪǮƵģҲΪǿһöȣ˵渶ߺһ콵ƣƽ޹ʵشһʡ
һУĻ˵˾书ͿԶ㵽ɽ
ˣҩϣΪŵһʿĲԴ
һЩŵŵӣ֮ʱĴӣ͵ıȡǮƣɽҩ԰Ļˣпܣŵӡ
׺ţʵûϸĽޣܶң͸ŻͨޣЩ˺쾳ĲΣ˵УɶΪٵŵӣʵȲ˵ռ˾󲿷֣ЩҲǺעغЩùϵģֻԸΪЧܰѸ׳йṩʳסУṩԴԴϵ䱦һпȻ
λӣμģʱ½̴ӣӭ
Щ󻧳ˣ۾ǳһ۾Ϳ˵ĲͬȻͨ˵·һӸĴ磬¶ʦʣϳ˲ӵеԪЩ˸еޱȵľ档
ӵиһȵľ磬ҴĹүǸɵ˲ţһ֣֮Ҫһɳ
ȻҲ½ӺݣЩ̴ӵῴֻһū֮ͣ䣬ֱӾͺ
⻰ʵϡ棬ģμᣬѵɿɣ˻֣һеȣҡһӵɡ
򲻶ɫѹȡ˳
ԭǹͣ롣̴æ˵


075 ʼ
¥ڲǳ¥Ϳճϯ¥״мһ־ӸµĸоЩϯķ䣬涼úʵǽΧֻʣһͿˣÿڹϯˣһִ·ԼǶһ޶ΪĿˣⲻ֪ԱҲΪ
һΪϪ󡱵Ĺϯܿ죬ŮЩŮˣұģͬǰ£ĿԼۣв㣬ȹǶȥ
½ͥΪ˴ܹܣͣǷԽûһһ洫˽ķ䣬ǸģҲа취
ȥʲô顣Ʒ嵥Բ˵
˳ȥһµӣЦݿվǰ
λӣǱֺкܣղŵŮ£벻Ҫ֣ҪܷԸСˣһĽ½ͥͷص
ܹˣҲǲǣֻͼ徲ѡ˵
Ȼˣ±㲻ˣԱ㣬ʲô飬ĺɫ½ͥ˵꣬뿪
˵λ۾ġѪ󵤡ģЩʲôˣʱѾԵؿ嵥ֱǰģֶһЩ棬ĵġѪ󵤡ȻмλãȻصѹ֮
⵹Ҳã䱦ȤҲûкͱĴ㡣
ӣҪѪ󵤡ģȻʦ˵
ɲãҪѪ󵤡ģʦ¸඼ҪʦĺţôĽҪ㹻ǮƣܰЩҩǲ֪ĳʲôļ۸񡣡˵
ڵĵ׼ҲʮļǮɽ룬˵
ֻʮļǮҪ£Ҳɵ⡣
ĽʮֵǮһ൱һǧǮʮ൱Ǯ
ʮֻһöѪ󵤡ļǮóԸʮöѪ󵤡ȫ£ҲҪΪ˸ľ޿ȴûһʹĸоΪǮ⣬Լµġ
ԤУܹôǮƺԼѪ󵤡ģȻڹϯеˣҲֻǣӽܺϧǮᡣ
ôᣬҲ޶ȵģΨһĵģǱҲ־ڱصãʱ򣬾Ҫ˭Ĳۺ񣬾ĸӼᶨˡ
ҷʳ̵Ԫ󵤣߶ʮ깦ٶѪֻʮ깦Ч൱һپҩʳһö޼£ֻжöͬʱʳȥŻЧʮöҩһöٵȫεĲμӲɹȱһöͲ
ҩҩԼתѾ˽⣬֪ԼʳԪ󵤣ϾеĹԶԶѪ󵤵ҩʳһöѪ󵤸޼£ֻаʮöѪһ£ܳӹԣʮöҩ־ڱصá
ʳʮöѪ󵤣ҩﵽǧ֮ޣ൱ʮĹֻҪܹסҩĳͿԵóԸ
ڶʮĹҪʮ꣬ɹĻᣬǷǳġ
һɹʵҲͿ˵СˣϾһʦһҲܹӵжʮϵĹ
ʮ깦ûֻԼĻҲҪʮʱ䣬޳ɣһˣʮ꣬Ѿˡ

ӣѾʼ壬ϾҪʼˡ
֮󣬲ѵ
ҪҪǰ̨һ㣿
ˣ磬ǧ棬Ҷȴ縡ƣֻΪѪ󵤶ûбҪΪ˷񡣸οҸղſЩ嵥һģǽʯ֮ڶĵرֵѪ󵤣̼ūֻ֮һķ͹ЩͷԺֵѪ󵤡ʱһǡ
˵꣬ԹԵضŲյƷһȻԵõ顣
óźȲʱȻûǶȭܣƷȭߵľ硣
ֲùᣬô˵ʵԭе񣬶Ͷ뵽Ŀȥˣ˱ȱıǮʱҴңʮ괺ܿ͹ȥƽʱСڲע⣬иΪ
ɵðԾ塣
ʦ֣еͭҡˣ̻Ĺأ飬ʱʲôҪûеٵȣܿҪʼˡ
ڵġϪ󡱲Զһɸ󡱵᷿£ӺݵŮҲʾἴʼ
ЩˣϴŲͬһ˵ķ£Ȼǵˣɵӡ
ܹ󣬳ŵӣħˡ


076 ŵ
ţţţţɹٳɹ޼ɹߴΪףССţΨߴհ¼ɼΪģԳж뺣ڴݹŵߡ
ŴԺύȨоչնħЩˣ飬ڷʿͨΪΪԾΪλͬһ㡣
رˣڴڴҪƲãϽǵҲһٸǻ˸ֱǰǵɻ屾
ЩȲŮǣԪʮ㣬ʾɣῡܵǴ£·ǣ˵д͵ᣬǳȤϧıг̣ʶʶᡣ
һж˵档
ûһЩŮǱʧȥȤ
ôЩûһ䱦ܹһҶüľŮޣƷ嵥õ˵
òģϼѣףҲԳƵһһˣֻǴ˿̽С¶õ顣
ԣϣûʲôƷ
Сʦã⻰˵òԣﱾף˲֮ѵҲһٹʵɣһ£ʦ˵
ŽݵüŮޣ¶˵Цݡ
ûЩ˲ʶһӹµҲܶǹڿǴɽΪ˸£αΪС񣿡
һеƾԵϷ˼С
ʦãˡ
ˣҲЦ
ʵʦҲòż֪Ҫ򼸼ɽţǼλûдﵽű׼СʦСʦù̱ԪӹǡεᣬһЩĵرۣʮöϺõ鵤ҩѪ󵤡һöʮĹλСʦСʦãʡȥޣһ޳ԪЦһµʦ֣Ű֪˵˳
µʦ֣磬һ˵Ĵʦ֣ߵģֱǶʦۣܳʦܽʦͨСʦǶǳţ쵴ɽڵῡܣŵĹأʺϵ꣬Ҫʶһ·׵磬ͬʱΪĽ۹¡
ȻɣΪ֮һҲԳƵŴˣʴˣ˶Ϸ˼̬ޱȵɡ
Ѫ󵤡ģ۾һ
ѵʦֻ˵Ϣƭ㲻ɣ۰嵥ǰŵĻԼ
У̫ˣ˭˵ص̸֮䣬¶־ڱصõľġ
˶ķӦ˿е֡
ȻŵŵӣҲҪ鵤ҩӹͺеţϣҪǮƣһġ
ÿͷ¶УҪնħ۹£ܵõɵʹɵӹͬżִͬʱҲöΪԺ㡣
һֱû˵۵ʦͨͻȻ˵
ϣϸ֣һЩܹ۵ģҲǮ
ʦֺʦõ˵ͻȻһ飬εᣬƺвٵ鵤ҩĵرۣǺβͷЩǮЩϻȥƼöҩֶҪϾ磬Ƶģǻ޷ͨĵҩȴѡ
ҸղҲǧƾЩҩģ򵽡һƺڼƽŰЩĵʧȻǾͰʦ˵ģˡ˵ţ˿ˡ
⣬ôɡ
ΪŵӣǮִģǸҪĶ
룬飬ǳ׾¶˾ġ
ûõǣôһ֮֮УҪĳѪ󵤡
˵䣬еһͷȴֹ壬Цݿķˣ̨Ǽ򵥽ĹȻʽʼ
ܿ죬һƷ㱻̧˳ԭһؾ޴ʯԭĺƷ
һʯ̺ɽ֮԰֣ǵɼɽ԰Ͱ棬кܸߵļֵ
ݴ˵ʯǳڽӺеʯϹʱʩŮġŮǳϲ⴮ʱʱ棬Ů䣬Ҳڷ䣬ڵʯ
ҪôһǸʪ仯Ԥ꣬һǿȪˮﵽһԴʯȪ澰ȴվʲôõĶˣҲӶ࣬ŮĴ˵ɹҲˣ˭˭ɵ
˿ĭɵؽʯ֮ΪȻɹЦһ


077 
ؼ䣬һЩȡ¾Ķܹͨ飬ʯ֮ãҲһЩͨ˾Ϊ棬ʵټ֣ǸķڲһЩƣܹԶʩųһЩˮռˮͨΪ档
ͺ֮еһЩƷˮݻǷڵʹõС⣬˵ʤЩƷ䷲䣬˶ԣͬޱ棬ٸߣԸ⻨Ǯ档
ķƣ˵ЩʲôͻȻĻУһЩû˵Ķ
Ƿһַּ˵ƣͺľһǷڲ·Թ󷨡
ֻ֪о֣û뵽еƣ治ʦʹõĶ̾һͨڷ棬󷨣ʲôã
ȻдãƷĲЩƣֱӾŷƷʡõķһƳʹٵƣ̺ʮֵͨʿƥС
͵
һ㶼ͨ󷨾ͨ󷨣ɵƾԽӵ󷨣ɵĵƱԽ࣬Ҳ˵ЩƣֱӾŷƷʡʯڲҲͲһơѷҲһˣôĲϣͺ˵Ѫ⣬ƣǾ
ƵγɣԴԶŵţʿȻĶҲһЩƣƶɣ裬ԶγɣЩƵĶԿķֶҪôµķҪôǾ߱ǳ޴󡣡
ԭˣǼʶǷ
ȻңҲǺūͣȴɼŶ֪ΪҸŵϵҽܡ
Ͳ÷ˣ˵ЩֻųʶЦ˵ֻϧƺǲʶӹ˾Ӷ࣬㿴һȺ̣ʯĺôƴءʵʯô
˵ʱʯĵ׼ۣѾ˳ļǮһȻеĸ˺ܶ࣬ܿҶᣬ˴ܿͱһϸ̹ã˵ʯȪгηʪٵĹЧʯһ԰ãܵ顣
ĸ̣ȻҲһЩǮƣ޷вͺͲһ̸һ߹۲ųĽС
ԽԽƷҲѾڶĵر
üһڵɽѩͣЩȫûдţ
˿ۻңʶż
ʮڷãֹЧĵر󣬲Ⱥ֣֣в뾺ĵģʮڳɽ࣬ȻЩСˡ
ҲкüϯѾۣмһ£ֲһյĹѾʮϰ
һƵƵֵĹϯע⣬ǸϯУҲ֪ǺηʥȻһ˶ʮĵرİ
ӣǸɸ󡯵᷿ȫĵر᲻ᵽѪ󵤡ʱҲ᣿ǸϯĶҲ˲ע⡣
͵ؿ˲һۣ۲ϸ£ǸĵˣҲע⵽һΪ˼ҡҡͷ
˵ҿЩˣ˳ǴһЩƵҩĲϡ
ô֪Ȼ
ҩȫʶȻһЦˣǴʲôҩҲԲ³߰˷Щˣܿʲôŵĵӣûдﵽ죬ʽġˡҩṉ̀ԪõģԲһİ
Щмѭ飬Ϊ˳
ʶЩ˹ҩ֪Ҫʲôҩټжǵݵλѡ
ЩѾ쾳磬ǡˡòЩ͵ȵҩģȻҩĲΪԼãΪڵĵӣҲпܣֻֿԱȽС
ˡ̾ԽţϾЩʶԲͨӦеģǳţǳңңͨӵܣҲ̫ӴŵĻᣬֻкĵĵϵӵܣ֪
ʱһµıһȭͷСɽ񾫣ҲһĵرɼʹõƷ԰ϣģ
䷢뺣һֲϣ񾫡
һģ̧μۣҽͣͣ¡ͻȻԲ˵
ӣղŲ˵ֻҪѪ󵤡ע𣿡ʵ˵ŵͬʱҲǰҡҡϵŽߵͭ塣
ϯϣùקͬ˴ΪۣԼı
ˣһµҲҪӼۡ
ڣƷ񾫣ۣÿμӼ۲õǧ뿪ʼʱѾһ֣Ȼ̻㡣
Ļ䣬̨¾м


078 ڵǳ
ǧ
ǧ
ǧ

ͻȻȫЩ㵣ֻϯ⣬һļƾ
̻Ƶĳƣдż룬ǳۣվֵ̨עߵĶһ¾ͱϳ
ĺͣǲķԸöʯļǮ̧ȥ
ֻһ£ԭҪʯˣɵóԥ
񾫣ȻǺöѹ࣬δ⻮
ȻʱˣͻȻп˳мӼ۵ûУɸĿˣһȽϸߵļ۸æ˳
ǧ۾գһ£̧ۡ
ɸĹ˿Ϸɡ
ǧٴμӼۡ
ɸĹҲżӼۡ
ǧͷ˿ޱصͷֻüӼۡ
۲ʱѾʧֻʣᣬ·һ㡣
ʮ
ͻȻɸ᷿һŮӵ
ŮƺΪȻż᷿ȴȻó֮УŵĲмûаѳ۵Ĳ
ӣһλͷ˿
ɣ񾫣øˡҡҡͷ
ӣΪǵǮŹ̧ۣһԣ񾫡֪ʵĿ겢񾫣Լ֮䣬²⵽ͼ
ҾΪǵǮŹ̧۵ġЦˣԼǮϧǮ򣬲ǿ˭ҲǶԳѪ󵤳֣Żôǵ磬Ǯ㣬Ѫ󵤣϶ʹϧǮ
ǻԡѪ󵤡֣һ£ʵ
һ򣬾һ׼Ҳûʲôõġ͵ôһĿģ̽ǲΣЩ¸ĵرķѵǮǴЯǮӦѾˡ
ӹȻıԶǣС˵
еǺϷϿ׼ãһϾҪʼˡ˰֣˵
֮У̻Ȼϣóһıεıǲĺ飬뵰Сǳϡ
飬׼ʮ𡣡̻򵥽֮󣬸һԶԶڸղ񾫵ĵ׼ۡ
飬ͽ飬˵飬̺ȫѪеľƳΪҩ棬̥ҲԱ񾫸һͣǲ˼ǿᡣ
ܰŪ֣ɵҩȥ̾ͿԵõԲʦǿڵĴܹõ飬Ҳ԰ƳΪҩ̷ֱû㡣
һĹЧҪۿˡ
飬ӿһЩ뷨ܿ죬ѹԼзҵͷ
ǳԼ޷ƳΪҩֱӷʳЧԵüߣûбҪֹע
ΪǱڶֵǮƣ̧Ǯͬʱһε̽Էĵޡ
ʮ
ʮ򣡡ȻϣɸУƴֵĶ֣
ʮƢҲ̲ס͵͵ذһѲ﾿ʲôˣ
ʮٴμ˼ۣһ¾ᵽ˶ʮһ¼ӵƺҪһߺݺѹơ
ʮ󣬼˶
ʮֺʾټ
ʮҧ
ʮ·ڳЦԷ̼ϣûһ˿ɡ
ʮһ
ʮٴ׷˼Ǯ
ҪٸǾˣֱ̧۵ʮڲԲ˵
ʲôʮһΣҲڶ۵ʮĵزȻ˼ȴȷɣһӾʮԶԶ˸ղš
Ǯټӣøǡ
˵ţ¶һ˿ײЦݡ
ʱѾ¶ģ۵ʮ֮󣬾ͲٸˣضȻǮҲ޾Զ꣬ӻò͸Ϊˡ̽ǵĵߣǸղűֳǿƣʮڵļǮ
ʮƺ߳鱾ļֵ
ȻԷһһµļǮ
ʮһ
ȻҪøǡ
ˣæòͣټӼۣ飬ȻɶԷá
ȴһҲûʹͷµأһľġ
ټﱻɸĿ֮ڣڴѾõĵǳ
һıȫ鵤ҩ


079 ҩĵȼ
Ƶҩòϣ¯ʱ˺ͣܳɹͨ˿顣
ϹŵʱרƵҩͷĵţܳǧɣ쳣ʢͬʱҲʾʵľ޴ô
ЩеţΪߴ֮һĵţеһϵ֧鵤ҩϣڴˣˣʹߴ֮УսȻгȻĵλ
֪֮УѵҩΪ죬أˣƷ죬أƷ֮ϣ񻰴˵вܵһɵƷҩ
ƷҩǷҲõĵҩ֮Уа취ԴƣɹĻҲǳ޴һ¯ƳǧöȽģҲöʮöˣʹڷ䣬żҲǮ򵽡
ⳡУֵļֵҩƷҩʺϺʦʳҲԷʳԪ٣Чǳ档
ȼĵҩûӹĹЧ񡰳Ѫ󵤡ӹĵҩѾԳƵǾƷ֮УΪ۸Ҳǳ
Ʒҩ쾳½ɣƣõĵҩͨţҲ޷ƣÿһöԣҩ֮ޣԶƷҩɱȡ
һЩƷҩ̺ŵƣһöȥܹ̥ǣӵͨԪӷձƽĹЧ
ĵҩһ¯ֻƳöǳѵãͨǮƣȫ޷ȡǣֻܿҩʯĵرнס
ڸӸ߼ġƷҩҲֻ˵ǵͷûϸ˽ǣһޱȵ棬ݴ˵ֵҩʮϣͨʿƵģͨʿķѱеĻҲֻƳö޷ٶࡣ
ĵҩ޼֮һɴеҪƽ̣ϣĵһ޷á
ɵ棬Ҫ֮ܣٹ֮޾ĵر˵ѪƳһɣؽ춯أһö£̾ͿԹԲϼ
ɵͷԶԶƷҩ֪ĸࡣ
˵ֵҩƷƾͨ˰Ϸš
ߴ֮һĵţɵ֣Ҳȡôһ˼ɵɣɡĵƷǵƷҲƷϵƷ
һöƷҩļֵԲһ˵޼ۣϾôǿҲֻվǱȲԼɣң
ҩջʵ̫ˣ񡮳Ѫ󵤡ܹĵҩֱǡŵڹͣ
ȻԤϣЩҩһ֣һҵᣬ׷ˣҲ֪ǵļֵ
ӣһղ𣿡ʵ
ã˵нǰ̣Ϊǰ̣ÿһ֮ˣ᲻ûǮҲʱѪˡ
ʱ̻ѾѽҪ鵤ҩ׼ˣȵǳһΪ𴴵鵤ˣҽΣ˽ϹҲԾλȻʲôĶҲƽʱкôеʱܾһһϳͼҵᣬҪͰĿڡѪ󵤡˵ҲҪö
ţԪһܹȡԪءԪϣʦָԪҩһöȥҵģҲڶʱڲҲѵõƷ
ҲЧֵҩĹϾԶԶ硰Ѫ󵤡Ҳʮҡ
ٽţһܹθǣʹһأ³˵ͽʵϴҩ
꣬ԭʺ䣬ʳ˵֮󣬽ǻ֮ڣǿг˵ʦҲԷĵرǿǡ
ֽţǲǵٹȵյʯȵȵȵȵҩǵĹЧҲ廨ţˣ÷ǳ档ʱҲ֣ǴֻƷµĵҩЧܵ棬ֻһЩ׷ˣŻϵ
ҲԿЩҩͨ˵ջǳ֮󣬱Ͼפա׾ϴ衱ǿ塱Щȫͨ飬Щҩܹʵ֣Ȼޱȡ
Щҩ󲿷ֶʮϵļǮ
ֹյ蹦ڣµһҩϳȻǰǣҪֵʮöѪ󵤡


080 Ѫ
һö뵰СͨѪĳѪ󵤣ڳ̵̴ľУ¶Ĺ⻪ͬʱһԣѾʾĲƽ
һöƷҩѪ󵤡˺⾳ϵʦ֮󣬿ʮ깦ڿʼöҩʮ
ڳˡ
վ
һöҩ͵ֵʮĿ֮ǺεȵĹЧȻʳԪ󵤡棬չӵжʮĹʳѪ󵤡ҩСĵҩЧԣǣٲԣҲʹһӽԲɡ
ᣬȻǶơ
ҩЧ⣬ǣһöУööУöܻа취ܹѹ
ʮ򣡡
˼˶ʼεᡣ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʶ˺ܶ࣬ʦ֪Ѫζʲô׷ױԼļǮ
ʮ򣡡ʱղŶκᣬ˲ǮƵġɸ󡱹˼ǮȻһ˭ļƣѼǮ̧
ʮ򣡡һͨϯλϵĸ̣Ǯ
һӣ׸̴磬ûȻҪȴŶ룬ҪôǼӵܣһöȥʹ
Ըܿͱơ
ʮ򣡡ɸ󡱵Ĺԥؽг˶ʮļǮ
ȻӸղɸ󡱵Ĺ͸߼˲ٵҩģĵر鵤ȻƲȻʵۺ֮
Ȼȴеһ˿ͬ
֮ǰɸĿˣͬмۣ磬û˿ԥÿһΣѼǮһأʮֱӾͽеʮƺһһۣеͷǳڱ˼õ֮󣬲ἱŰԼļǮ׳ÿһֻ֣μۣͰѱ
Լò־ۣѼǮߵ׼۵ģ屶ʼԷԾͿʼԥ
Ȼԥֻڼ̵ʱ䣬Ǳ
ǴǮ񲻶ˡǽгʮļǮԲ˵
ӣôܿóɵʵ
һҶ֪ЦЦ˵һУмѭ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ҵĽڼ֮չʱ󲿷ֵѾĬǸôߵļǮЩôߵļǮҲ᲻á
׼ʮġѪ󵤡طҲʮļǮزѾǳˡ
Ҫײ˴ˣһ¾ͼһǧǾ޽еģһǧѾһŵĻеģ󲿷ֶ׷ˣǮ˽мۣ
ң⻹ֻһöҩļǮѡ
ʮ򣡡ͻȻ·𱻼һ㣬ɸУһ
ʮλˣʮļǮûиߵģֵˣ̲סĳ˵׼ļǮȻûжĹϵ˵һֵԺˡ
Ϣ۵ҲȫĬ
ʮ򣬶˴ùģһʮǶʱʧȥ˾۵ġ
˶ΪöѪ󵤡Ҫɸеĺõʱһ
ʮ򡣡
۵¥ˣϺޱ顣
ʲôʮ򣿡
ǹϯϵĿ˳ļǮЩǮ
µˣ̲סСȴǣֻעţԶɸĶ
ԷĬһм۵ʮ򡣡
ʮ򡣡һ˼Ǯ
ʮ򡣡ԷƺһӼۡ
һ򡣡Уʮڵ׼۵ļǮ
˶ʱһƬȻ
У˴ֲ£۽ڽﵽһ˼ز飬ټȻڴ˵Σһ֮УûлῴΡңѪ󵤡ȻҲѵõıʮļǮܳɽżʮҲѾǳοһ
ԵǮʱһСĺ䶯
Ȼشﲩʮﳤʮ˿ڣƸۼڲʮ˼ĸУܹһһǮ㺰Ҳ
ɸ󡱵Ĺڲƺ·磬ղŵʱѾ˽ǧѾһЩΪ̣Ȼ֪ǲƴ֣ʱҲ̲ס׷ײ²⣬һöѪ󵤡׽۸߼Ρ
һʱ䣬ⳡȻЩζҲý
һٶʮ򣡡
ʱɸУһѹŭ˳
ٴλȻ


081 Ѫƴ
һٶʮʮļǮ
кݺݵЦ˼
ԷҲ־ڱصã֪ͷҲһŵӵĴõȫŲ
֪Լ֮Բƴ֣ȫΪǸ˵Ĵݺݵطһ˲ơ
ʿأĺΪң£ңڣûһ˵ĶЯԣ൱˱ĻõκŵŵӣҲضãҲ˺˽м۵ıǮ
ټϣղһֱûг֣ǱĵȴģʱӦࡣ
ͷϣһǧһٶʮļǮеۡ
ӣΪζһöѪ󵤡ţڽгļǮѾԶԶˡѪ󵤡ļֵͷǱ̻ᡣЩǵص
ģһûɱۣôȻҵɡ
Բ˵
һٶ˥ߣͷϻЩǮȻ¸ԷѪƴһöѪ󵤡ɶԷȴôǮǸղţѾӻ࣬Ӧٺҿ⣬ǳûѹǣ˳ʱ򡣡
ҿⳡᣬǣû˿ԺᣬһǣȻø˵ļǮʣĵҩ
οҵĿȫѪ󵤡Ҫ㣬͵ޣķ飬ǸӳԿ
һڵĹȷҪʮöѪ󵤣бȽϴΪʮöһʳҩ൱ǧܹ֮СҲ൱ǧ֮һǧĹ
Ĺ൱ʮϡ
ȻöѪ󵤡ֻİپҩЧۿۡ
һԥһ£һǲʶôӲҪأ
ҾʹصЦЦȻ˵ȴȻһгģѼǮ̧ôߣֻҪҷһΣǾ͵úľǮƣ޷ġ
δʤǰܣԭıкݺ𶯣ڳĬ
ʱһٶʮļǮѾˣʮһʮ
һʮ򣡡
Բģϣȴһ΢ͣ٣оóм۵ĶѾԥһ˲Ĳ׽
һʮ򣡡
󣬺
һʮ򣡡
Է¶һ˿ڵķŭ
һʮ򡣡
ӶԷķŭϡ
һʮ򣡡
ŭһʼ¶һʰԽ
һʮ򡣡
ӣʵʵжսŶֵļޡ
һʮ򣡡
УѾһ˿ҧгݵζ·Ų֮ʱ򣬶ѾݣҲ޷侲
һʮ򡣡
ޱص
ˣˣˣĪǷˣΪһöѪ󵤣ȻгôߵļǮ
㶮ʲôǮˣпĸŵŵӣͲںǮĻ̻ᣬķˡ
ǰᣬҪ
۵ʱͶԷĽȻڼ
һʮ򣡡
ʱǮȻţֹ̨µˣҲóɸ󡱵ĿˣȻŭ۵ƶ˼֣ȻѾǿ֮ĩûнǮ֧ţŭõ㡣
򣡡
һ׼ᣬһ𾪵ļǮ
ٺͶ־ϼӣֱһٰʮĹؿڣﵽ
һö׼ʮƷҩȻļǮ
ǿɶ֮Ǹ˵˭ҸѪ󵤡Ҫ˲ɣ
ݺݵؽгļǮ֮ʱɸ󡱣Ů̲סŭɫ֮
УԳۣҪЩҩ͸СʦõĳۣǺ޵ҧгݣһվصϡ
ЩˣȻǶǲҪγдæŵĲƱûдôţ
˵ԣʵʿǳԣΪǾԵõĵرԿɵĸ䣬Ҳ־ҩƷģԻȡǮƣƽТʮ
ƳǸͣһЩʵ곤ʿûбҪҲû˼ʹЩǮơͻСӣ׻
ŵӣҲг֮˵õģȱǮƣÿһ׶Ǿ޸ӵз޷ҡ
ǺųӣҲǧ
᷿ˣƲﵽǧ򣬵ʮ㣬ŵӻǮͷ˲һеĸܰвƲŵӣȴƣжپö٣ȡǡ
ҲǮԼѾ쾳磬Ҳò׽ˡ
ҲΪЩԭŵӣⷽԿʱ򣬴ʱ̧ۣŸ߲ʵļǮȻԼһĸо
ңÿһı꣬Ҫᣬ㣬ղѾȥǮмգʱ߳ŭ


082 ҩ
ֻʣ¶ˡ
۳һޱպ޵ص
ô죿ʦ֣㲻˵ЩѪ󵤡𣿡۵ǮǻҪҩĵرôã
ԭΪЩѪ󵤡ʮļǮԴεص
һԽǮûʲôоҲûϸβμҪѶ١
ڲǰºڣҪСʦðʮöѪ󵤡ڴˣЩ߳ŭ
ҪǸղŴα̧ۣôƽ޹ʣԩǮ
ǸˣһֱԣҪҲ䵽أ
ֱʱ۲ղĵر鵤ʱ򣬾ǸϯϵˣϳۣѼǮ̧
ʦ֣ȱżǸˣһöѪ󵤡滹еǣһöֺηۿųܻ˫ͨ죬ͨȰ˵ʲǳȥٽѵҲ١
ûһˣԣֱҿǮȫȻǳǿҲǸһ̽ѵҲ˵
֪ۺӣ϶ʲ˳
˵еĴʦɵüͷҲ뵽ʦֵ֮ĺҲûзԡ
ãԡһЦ
̺һ˿ɷҲ֪ôԸԲͨ˵ֻǽѵһô򵥡

λ˳ûиߵļ۸񣿡
̻ᣬֵһ£ֱҪַˣ߿̨ˡ
û˻Ӧ
ĵزѪ󵤵ļǮѾԶԶͨ˵ĳܷΧгļǮ֮ûټӼۣһöѪ󵤡ʵ䵽
ˣ
ɽöѪ󵤡顮Ϫ󡯿С
ŵļöѪ󵤡ҲۣȻֵǣζöҩļǮ඼ʮ۸գֱҲûгָղҶΡ
߼ۣµһöҩı֣ʵ̫׺ҲΪס˲ٵˣڳ֪ܹ֮߼۵ĺԣк³ʣµĵҩûԸӼۣñņ̀ۡ
ֻҪ־ڱصõˣԶһΡѪ󵤡ᣬһЩԭ־ڱصõˣԼĲҲԥ
ټϣɸ󡱵ĳĬһʮǿƣŵñ˲ҳ۵Ĵ
Σο˵ӹȻԷѾ˺ᡣ
ȴüͷԼоƺЩԡ
Ըղ˵ı֣Ӧòô׷ŶԣѵûǮֱӷˣ
ܹõͼĵóѪ󵤣վһ£ҲϸһʣµġѪ󵤡ܹİʮ
ڵˣЩҩʹҹٽ
ŵģҲ
ӣʲôʱȥȡʮöѪ󵤡ʵ
һ̻֮Ȼ͹˰֣鵤ҩʮöҲӶֻ࣬ϧʱ򲻵ˡ
ӣβи̻ᣬǰæޡѪ󵤡ʵ׻˵úãƿͨ񣬲Ҫ˵Щ̻ᣬţ㹻ĶҲʹ
˵öԣй㣬̻ޡѪ󵤡СѪ󵤡Уͬȵĵҩ̫࣬ҩЧûôǿˣҲҪӶʮ깦ĵҩܶ档ֻϧ磬ûдﵽٽͻƵƿҪȻҲʹһöĵҩ
СڻƼңɾ£ҲʳĵرѪ󵤵ҩЧ²СЦЦңСΪūͣҲûҪõʲôĵҩʹͣӴԲС롣
лĻһǻ㹺ҩģҲֻҪʹ㣬ôҲԼʵֻʵǿһЩ飬źýȥ͵ʾ˳Զı
ô˵ɵô棬в²⣬Щʲô
ͬʱУҲ˼ָм֮顣
ǰˣɴûūͿǹȻ൱ƽŵ˵ƾҲ
ʱĵҩеβϳģǵҪ̼ū͵ȵȣ˿ڵ
˿ͷϷԾһּҵĽ֮ٴν˸߳Ҳýζн˶ͣŮū
ӣβ¼̼̺һЦʵ
Ҳɣֲǲ֪оɭϣŮͼ檣ԴЦҲ֪ⷬǹûʵɣҪ˵ţԼҲš
ξȻʲôȻĵطÿһְ٣ıôŮĹأ൱һֽġ
ʵУٶŮͼ棬ԺõġӸ硱ûУȴ١
ʵ㣬˵򼸸̼ȥ̺ҲûΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳ˣ֪Ͷ;л̰ͼ֣û׼ʲô¶˵ţԴǿʼ
ǸˣûлŭɫҲ֪Լվûū
ȻС̧٣ھְݵѩ͸ȴӵܵʸ
ٹӱϾǼٹӣεĻᱻԭΡ
ˣ־ڴˡȴɫأԼž˵
ĪЦЦȴûн͡


083 
ʱеβĿļҲڵǳ
̻ķȻͬϣһЩԸ͸¶ķʿƵģǾΪˣȡ׽ʵڳ裬ΪµӳԺöȣȴֲòΪ֮
Щʿһ⣬ûҪ̫ߵļǮԣǸ챦ƵҩĲϣĵرּۡ
磬еĴҲǷһַ֣֮Уǳձ飬һҲֻ׷ˣŻ汦Ը⻨󹺡
⻹ϡ棬Ȼ
ĵѪ󵤡֮󣬾ͱſֵ̬
Ľףˮʵ̫пܳԿҲпռˡ
ЩĶҪͷϵĹֻּ۳۸̻ᣬȡǮ뵽ǵҲֻôͷ
ȥҰѸղµġѪ󵤡
һȤؿеһóƱòȥᡣ
ʱѾβ̨չһµĳ˵꺮ƣ̺ž޴Ԫûͨ壬ֱӰ˵ѪҺɱ飬쳣
꺮裬ֻڱļ֮زУһڲ̺ƣԹͨĲϣ꣬пܴеͺ񻨲ľ¾ˣȡ¾γ
ϺòƶɵķӵһЩССͨ׼䣬ֵ˵ĳѾƵļ𣬼ֵ
Ǻ취Ȼܴ߷˾磿ϳ˵ʦһҲ֮̾ȴûͷ
취͵ȵķΪ˻û쾳ŵӵУʱӽԲɵĹѾۡ
ҵǮʣһ룬ҪҪ
ͻȻͷִܿ
˺ʮأС֪˵ҪҵĲƣʲôûУ֮񡮳Ѫ󵤡֣ܹʵıҪ
⣬ȲѡѪ󵤡뿪ǺٶҲĶ
ȻʱȻһ֮ıǳ
ѹ֮
һȱݣȴ׵洫걾
洫걾
ɫ΢
дȱݣҲȻ覲褰ֲҪΪѹر
ǳȲ书Ҳ֮ͨ䣬һּΪµֹлͻƺʮԲӶ죬
˵Ǽڷ˾澳֮Ƿ
Ҵ壬õҲҪСֻеϵӵܻŵùĸŲܹҾҲİ汾ǲƪƪ
ƪָֻϲû²ֻ²ûϲĲȱֳɸϸϣУᣬƪɴڸ֮ȡһΣġ
ЩȻйķգҲʹ͹Чۿۡ
̻óģȴһ洫걾ֻһ㣬Ķ
ǲ֪ʲôȱݣΪʲô̻Ҫ̡
ܿ죬ϣһŮһµ϶˷һɫķֽϳɫķֽǵ˵ʶ顣
ʶ飬һרعؼŵһַܹ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͨ߼ڽУںʶչߵ֪ţ
ʶã൱׽е鼮򣬲ЧԶһ鼮档
λ뿴ʶ飬ӡǽҪıš
Ȼ̻֣ڳ˽
һΪȻһִѪǱķţͨδϰ˸ؼλѨ˲䱬ƽʱǿ˵ʤ
ⲿһΪؾ磬һؾǡšʽͨѨĻ
ͨڶءšʱ̡
ͨšʦʣﵽǿò˼顣
ءšءšءšءšءšڰššˣͨһ֮˱㽫ͻƽޣ˱ʵ
һʮԲʦӵ֮ʮ깦ǧپְ£ܹ˲Ϣ֮䷢Ӱ˱ʲôһȭ֮У̺˱ֱ֮Ժɨ֣޵ˣӵбʮ깦񣬸ۻİʮ꣬һ깦ҲҪһȭ
ŶģǾ޴ģͨѨѪӾУĵϢһǷ
ͨڶءšıͨءšǾű
һֱͨڰءšģﵽֲʮı
ⲿЧøľȡģҲ޷ֲȱݡܳɹʩչ
ҾɹʩչҲֻ꼻һ֣ȿ˵ʤԼȵˡ
ôߵĹʲôô
ԭˡ
뵽ͻȻһ


084 ڷɵĻ
ȫһȭ൱ʮȭʮıģңϸˮĻģ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʧΣ壬Ǿ޴ģͨʦܹʩչššѾǳǿͨšǿ˵ʤɱﵣ̾С
˵߲ͨΡššššš
ЩѨܹӵȻˣûаѶɱԼҪϢݽߣĶһʱңӵ죬Ҳ
ǰȱݣһʩչֻΣʱ̣ɱﵣϮ̣ȡó䲻ս
ȻãȻͨɱȵģһʱ֮䣬ӵдǮƣȴȱ̵С壬ЩĶ
ȴԺ֮Уէ֣ͻȻ֮䣬һܡ
־̲ס˫۷죬ӿ죬ͷ죬ȫ޷Ƶ΢΢
ȱݣһʦ˵ⲿȷںܴȱݣ缦һ㣬ʳ֮ζ֮ϧҲͬһʦСϢֱ޾Ĳ𣡡
ңҵõС֮󣬾ůϴѱһʦǿɵ˺Ҳܳܣ
رټⲿ湦ֱ֮ϣĪǽҵգҪ죬ʼĶˣ
ͻȻ֣Լ챦ܹʱأ侫ϢԪⲿΪֱΪģܹʵҪǣﵽһ˼ĵز
ӵԶԶԤϵʵƿأõɵıǮ
ıǮ
ΣϧһдۣҲҪⲿⲿҵģп˫ȭ͵ս
ӣⲿͬƽʱķӦɸе֡
ӡУһϲɫٴ󲿷ʱ򣬶൱ȵģȫû˿˵ḡ꣬ԳƵϳɡ
ڣȴʧ̬ƺⲿ˼Ȥϲ
Ļ׳棬Ȼ֪ⲿʲôİ
ⲿ־ڱصá˵Լľġ
׼۶ʱ̻ᣬѰĵ׼۹˳
ǣӦ޼ֻϡϡļӦԵ
һⲿݳдȱݵߵļǮ
ԣûж˶ⲿȤϾǰμֳ۵ˣǾˣͬļǮ򵽸õĹ
ʮ
һǿ򶨣гԼļǮ
ʮ
гļǮ̨̨£ͣʱƻˡ
һʼѡѪ󵤡£ʣöûж˸ҺˣٻʮⲿϻѵǮƣѾߴ˰
ǸѪ󵤡ĺͣղʮöѪ󵤡˽ӽھȻǮ
ļҵĸӣ̶̲죬ͻȥ˰ٶʵ̫Ǯˡ
ǿ֮棡
ⲿ̻᱾ȱݵģƺֵôǮ
ǣһⲿ䵽С
ӣ鵤ȡ
ʱѾһС
ӹУһۣǰǾߡ
˵ͷߵվ
ܿ죬ͽˣ̻Ȼһ˹ȻǸղλԳ½ͥ£ԭѾЦòõӣӲǶ༷˼˿Ц⣬Ե֮
԰ѷӡšʶ˹
ӣ顭½ͥʶ򿪣Ҫʹ÷ȴᣬָһ㣬һξѪָڽϡ
ȻȲ̾Ҫⲿ򣬿ɼжӣﵽױȵĳ̶ȡ
ԭ֪鷨÷½ͥȵ
˵䣬ʶ鿪ʼȼһȻӻи֣΢΢һγѪüȥ
䣡
һԼųߣ׳ӣԺ֮С
˹밴տݣˣţŵ˳δͨѨأ̼ǱܣϿ˵ʤ֮һأš˫ֽӡѪǬʼ𡭡
һ˫־ͽ෱ӡʽһһ߽⣬ӡ
ֱӡԺС
ֻɼĽ⣬
ͬʱӵ壬·𻯳˰͸ҩѪܣ⣬˺֣ǳ׾ͿԿЩеĹ켣
֪Щǡ˹·ߣȫӵһţӴ֮ܿԡ
Ǹˡ΢΢һЦҽھ½ͥ˵
뿪¥ӣڴ˵ͶһǼ̶ذϣ
밲һأӱ޵ĻҲҪһʱϣܵ۲˵Ҳƣ͡ȥӣȻȥɡ룬˵
ʵѩĽһأֻǵУѩ̫ۣвûͲһǶξרõȥ飬Ҳż
ǣ˳Թ·
ʱ佥硣
·һĽͻȻûɵһ֡

ܵ˻ͣ


085 ͵Ϯ
ӣʲô飿
ͣ£Ҳסתͷ
ĺӣǲ顣
ûзʲôգ𴦲ͬɫʵ
ӣ˰ɣʲôͬǻߵǸϿ㣬̫ɽ֮ǰ϶ܹǡ˵
˵ͷû˵ʲôȴΪȻؾ
ͨʦͬѾ˺رԪӵ˶Ĺ꣬ҲѪ쳣Ув٣ͻ
ڸղţͻȻеͷƤһ飬˶סһĸоӿͷʲȴûвֻðɻѹͷԽ䱸
ϣһͻȻڣӣ˵öԣЩԾ
Ŷô˵ͷʵ
ӣûע⵽ܵĹٵʱʱԭͣϢѾȴûп;κεҰ߲̯ܲ
ȻЩļɵ
ңҸղŻע⵽һǳŹֵ顣
ʲô£ʵ
ôãԶɽ֣ɫȴûз̫ı仯Ҳ˵ǷǳпԭشȦʱ򶼻ûеϳǣʣ׼ߵٵߴ·ˣһֱͬһߣҲûз⣬Ӧ絽˰ϳǸȴ߹ͷ˵
ԭҲˡͷ
ûľҲԶԶ磬ķḻȴֲ࣬Ĺ۲컹Ҫϸ¡
̧ͷ˿ɫȻ֪У̫ѾɽӰӰӱݳ
˵߹ͷЩ⣬Źٵߣֻһ·˵
ǣûҲ֪һʶٵҪ̹ͨʶ·ˣҲȥǳء
ûʲôܣҲ˴˵еġǽ룬˵
ҲҳˣЩɽҰôŹǽνĹǽֻǷʿ׽ŪһСֶΣѪʢˣԴ߳Ȼһ˼ǣзʿڰǣ
пܡصص˵ͷ
˵ûôһᣬҵҲʼԣ˶񣬡ҲصģЩ˵еķʿعأɲһȫǸˣͷߵģĸ֮⣬һЩŵӣЩǵԵķˣȻŸʿͷʵҲһѪ⣬Ƿݵصˣ˵ܹ͢ԸҲˣ֮ϵ֣Ҫ붯פھˡ
죬һ޴ˮ룬죬ȫͬǷˣ죬½ɣʦ
кٳʿҲôģΪ˺أܻ¬ԲʦٴҲ֮ΪС
ҶԷ˶ĵط֣ǶͲ̵ĵطĴɵ㾪ˡ
ĹأӦúʱ˵һֻдﵽرԪϵˣŻᱻΪӣԣϵǷʿʵҲںرԪϣҲǺصĸ֣߶ʮ깦ò˭ƣѹŵӣֶͨκܶ࣬ȷʦҪС
˵ûͷ·Ѿȫޣ˸ǣž͸öˡ
Ȼʮһ⣬ͻȻ׵س֣ͲϮ
⣬ʵͻ·ڰҹĻ磬ǰȴ֪ʱֱ֣󣬲졣
ã㿪
Ϯ֮ʱͲϣȫûԤϵ˻ַ͵Ϯ
æ֣һ࣬㿪⣬ȴûķӦֻ㿪һ룬ƺһ
Ȼտ϶ŲĹ򣬲Ϊվǵ࣬һ˲ķӦС
ôŭһ򺮹Ϯķʱſǵ⣬ȻһĶ߷ɽֵشǰ߿ա
еңɽûдвĿڣƫһ硣
û¡ؿڣѪֱ
ǰ϶ξ㶼ξߺˣȻϮɱǣûд󰭣Ŀƿڵ·ԱߣһͻأֵӰϡ


086 
϶ξ㶼ξôͷ
ǸӰ˳ȴһ½ڶʮµˣֽὣָƤ΢¶Ц֮䣬мһˡ
쵴ɽڵӳۣЩ˳˵ŵӣЩ룬ύľУ󳼣һССĹ㶼ξɣ
ŵӣĻɵðľϵ˻Ƿʿȴû뵽Ȼôͷ
ʿŵӣȻһ޵ˣݵλȫͬ
ʿָһڷ˵ʿŵǷʿɢǷʿħˣҲ˵Ƿʿһʿĳƺ
ŵӣȴֻõٷ⣬ʸΪšɣյĵӣƵɢޣԼɥ֮Ȯһ㣬Χˣ׷ħˣȫͬ
ټϣۣ˵ĽǴбȽԵ÷ǳϤģжϣĳضŵӵУҲǳ͵
ŵӣֿԳύȨɣΪʲôҪ͵Ϯǣ̽ʵ
ΪʲôһЦ˶ȥҪġѪ󵤡ΪʲôѵûϳҾɸг۵𣿡
ԭɸĿˣһף߲ƣǲɫص֮䣬ȷЩᣬĹرǼ۸ߵã򲻵ҪġѪ󵤡ôֵܹͷ
Ŷ˼ֻܹԼûǮӮ㣿۵ϣ¶˷ߺ޵飬ǺЦԹɷ𱰹ͺؼĺڰһðߣɱ֮ѵָԵ±Թ㣬Լ㲻ҪٶϻձѪڴˣʶȤ֮ˡ
˵գָһ£߷ɽȻ϶
Ȼ˵ֱӾɱ
֪ʩչͲ;ˣ⣬ȴû뵽ԷȻ˵־Ͷ֣ȫû˿˼ɡ
һŰŵӣҵҪʲôţ
Σ֮ʣ䣬ﭵһԼս
ıͶ֣ײܱϰʱʱ̣̿ԼҪϽȴû뵽Ȼʱó
գɱ
оâһն
ۡһսصڷɽϣһǿޱȵ˹
лκζͷ͸оһ飬ЩҲ
ɽնҲǧ֮أ𾪡
ǧ֮أȫϢܷӳԷȴֻƾղݷɽһûкķ˿
ŷȻ·ǳ
֮࣬ĸ̾ɽһεն
ŭһȫľһΰѷɽ񿪡
ҿֵܵʱЦһɽΣͷ
СģųȻһԾԼ嵲һ
۴಻նĥĽ彣ܰնɱٸգҲʹ
ңеսȻǴרõľսʣ֮ѡ˵ŷɽȣȴԶԶ
ֻ£еսѾȱڣʱпܱնϣһʧȥе޷񵲣ת۾Ҫնɱ
ˣ׼ʱܲһԾ
۵һ죬ɽ͸̹СȻһҧ˫ֽսȫڵأѹס˷ɽ
ӣɱþƴ˻죡
־ŭ
ʲôȴȫˣôҲ벻˾Ȼ˹Һ͸ңһԾ𣬾ס˷ɽֽὣָһ£ȴоɽϴصסɲ
ô۴ʧɫ
Ҫ֪õĽɲͨĽʿƵķ˵еķɽ
ӵзɽռԦƾͷɱˣ
ΪҲǾƷ취ȼķ̺ŵƣӵз
ʿӵеԪתɣӡڽУͨɽմ󣬲磬ڣ˿ͨʦȫһ
οƷɽĲϣǷƷ֮УĶеսҲԵֵ
Ӧ֮ߣԶԶͳ۵񣬾ȻǲϧΪۣץס÷ɽ
һɽʱʧȥƣ·𱦽ʣٷҲӲ
ңԴԴӿѪ͸̺ķɽͨһš
ˣȥɣ
߳ŭ֮£͵һָ͸ķɽȻһӲڽʶ
˫۵ɵûԲӶʹŤȴץס˿֡
գ
ʱһԾ𣬳ų𾪣㵣սȻն䡣
ɵľ룬ʹֱٳҲ˼ۣʱһԪΪӿսεĵն
ΣͷȻʦͨ˵
εˣʹʦ񣬾˼֮ⷢ͸ڱ˵һֶΣʲôشĹȴֻﵽһ̶ȣѧ輫ʦʩչ
ʦͨһУ˵ǾžޣһԳƵˡ
۷һУһɼǵ˿ڣǰ


087 ɱ
һһƾնѳնɱ
һģͬʱҲ̽˳۵ʵ
ԭ㶪˷ɽϻݣʲôʵӲ㻹ǸŵӣֱЦ֮Ц֮Уȴ˷ŭ
֪ôˣΣ֪Ѿ׶༪٣ɵö۳⣬޲ܽʬΡ
ˣ㾹ң־ŭҲ˲϶طɽӭ˹
ŭͷԳۣȻˣȻǷˣҲǸոǿķˣƾղŵһͲʧȥɽԶԸġ
оһԾ𣬰һԾģһĨ޵ĵ⡣
ûʹκξĵһֱӭųߣݺݵնȥ
Ѱ·۵Уֳһĺâ
Ȼܣӭŵ⣬һ˹
ۣһؿڣ͵һѪڳ۾㵵ĿУȻһն
һնٶȣͬϣȻ˸ողİޱȵƾӿ˳
һ
šǰŵĵڶţҲǷӳھѨȻֻк̵ܶʱ䣬ȴΪʶãȻͨͺһ㴿죬ڶššȫ˳ʣõӳ֣ʱڣ˫ӡ
ԭʮ깦˲䱩ǣﵽǧ
ľ֣
ʯ䣬۵ֱ۷ڲݴУԿֱմȾѪ飬ڿз裬Ȼָ绹ϣģޱȹ졣
ҵ֣Ŷϱ۴ҽ
ȴһ嵹ɶ
˳һƣҲܣһƺͰһĸԿǸ˶ֵܷóȻڿУǹѪȴȻ¶Цųۡ
䣡һصײһøߴľϣֹͣ˵ɡ
Ǻ˹֮ľһӿǴ߶֮ʱǳսʱ̣û˿ԼأһóۻعԼ㽫ٲ
ʱͬԤϵһ㣬СԴԴϵůӿ
ʱ䣬еľһɨգΪ߶ӾĵϢҲ˻
ǿǰشͻһʹ࣬սһֱȡۣ
ʼʩеɰһ˳ȥ
ʱѾȣ֪Ѩҹǣ𵱳˲֪٣һս¬ʱһꪣͬն
䣡
սžҵĺХתͺһ£ӳɭȻĺ⡣

ޱȵĲҵĽУ˺ѳһµ˿ڣնϣ
նϵˣ˵ǶϾ书ٸߣҲһ֡
һΪ֪۱ȻȥҲԴˡ
۲ԲʦûԲĸ磬ӵСľ괺ı죬¬նϵֱ۶
ʵ㻻¬˰һնϣҲԻָΪնϲֱնϣĵѪͬնƹصĻôʦָһָҲܻǰһԲۻ룬϶ҪԪӴһ겻
ҪɱңҿԸǮòǮƣ鱦Уղ鵤ҩ㣬ҪɱҡʶԼѵֲ˿ڣش
նľ޴ʹ࣬ŤüΡ
¶ޱȾֵ飬Ȼġ
ʱ˿̣Ѿȫû˸տʼʱ棬ǸĿ档
Ѿˣĸʲôѵܾĥɣһᵶȥ¶мңΪŵӣȻҲģΪʿĵУȥˡ
˵꣬䣬һ˳۵š
һвɵһַǳֵĸо·߸ϵˣݺݵش䷲䡣
ŵӣҲˣ
ڳͬʱϣһ΢ɲľӿ
һʮʮʮһپپپ
ӵȫ
䣡
·һںȻ£ͷŵף񱻾޴
ۺĻɱȻȡһǧľҵĹǧ࣡
ӹһ˿𾪣漴ȴ޵Ŀϲ
ۣȷΪʿǣ飬֮ѡʳ鵤ҩԶԶʦԽ
һ£ȴΪ£ȫ
۾ȫӿľҲ֪˶ãŸо棬ӿƽ


088 
һŷ֣ԼĹһαǣǧ࣬ԭֻٶ൱ڶʮĹֱӴﵽһǧپ൱ʮ깦εʡʮ겻ͣЪĿޣԶԶǰʳԪ󵤵Ч
ң磬ﵽ˺ȱ
ǻ֮ͻƣˮɣǳȻΪأѧϳˣ³ͻƵгˣгͻƵϳмԴƵƿԵϢȻ֮󣬾ҲˮǴߣõͻƣ
Ʒζͻ֮ȫչӯĸоϢ֮͵Աߣæ˹ȥ鿴
ôˣ
ڵϣѪɵһ
ʱѾѪۿžҪֲסˣ۵ķɽСҽʶеͶǳãҲ̶á
Ҳ¬ˣԲľ磬ӵԿľ괺ܵص˺ҲһϣԻָ
ǻɽҰ룬ûкõҩģҲûиҽߣټϣûиΪ˵⵽˼㣬֮һϣûС
ʧ΢ţȥõѪͻ
ûоˡ
ɫȻתͷһԣѾĳۡ
ŵӣ
У˺⡣
عͷƽŲţȫԪ
ԪѪĹǺرԪϣԪʦʩչģͨ磬ȶأӿƵĻָһʦԪޣޣԪǸԪĸЧҲԡ
Ҳ֪ԼʲôãֻǾ£ˡ
ȻʶƽţȫԪʱͻȻ֮䣬Сһůӿ˳
䣡
·һ΢ɲ𣬽ţǴӿޱȾԪԴԴϵشƴ˳
𾪵ط֣ԼƣһɼϹ֣ܿ죬Ϲӵ˲ϣϹ
ͻȻ˼£ɽ̵ĵط䶯ܿͰ͸ķɽһһ磬˳
ȻƷɿϣʧȥҲ»صϡ
ԿԷ֣ǿҲҰ׵ɫָһ˿
⡭ôܣдΪ𶯡
û뵽ԼʶľٶȻá
ʱַ֣һƣ룬ӹӿ˳
ԴӵõС֮󣬴ûиܹϵƣ룬ɵһ͵ͣ¡
оķǳأûа취ټȥˡ
ҵǣʱѾָ˾󲿷ֵƣֻ¼ǳǳ˿ڣܿſ۾ǿ
ӣ⣬ô£ؿһŻع
ǵԼѾҪˣһůӿȴֻ˹ͺůˮУޱʡ
طָƣûбҪС֡һۣɫ˵
ԲҲ͸¶챦ܣֻطϡڴϵУ׷Уżϰˣʲôֵ¡
лӾ֮æ˵ɫ԰ףƺ˲ٹֲɵЩģӣɫʮֲãҲ˰ɣ
û¡ҡҡͷԵϢ
֮£ܿͰȫע⼯еСУ·𿴼һ뵵Ĺ죬֮УһСţԴԴϵɫůأ·һȪ
ϵ֮ʶӦԿӵľѪԪһе״ڵ磬һš
ڲ鿴ԼССͺһȪԴԴӿº͵ľȫƣĸоҲ
ȻСڵɫůƺ޾ٶޣھҵģһʱ֮ҲԲղžβĵԪ޷Сɫů䣬ҲЩ׽⣬ŻƣͣΪ̵ĸо
ϢƬ̣ŸоԼȫָȻӡ֤˸ղŵĲ롣
ɫůƺǾѪ⾫иԪԴҵõС֮޸֮ˮԴԴϣʵϣֲ仹޵ģ˵ھҵģͲܼʱ
ƺСĴСйأ
ͻȻ䣬ַСǰĲͬ
ǰСֻ֮ߣС磬쳣£ڣȴа˳
˵ǰСһףôڵСȴһƺ౶


089 һʺ
СĳɳǲǸһɱ֮յľйأ
ԼʹðͨšԼβľ²⡣
Сһ߸ߣ߸ߣһɣʮɣղžβģǲܹ˲Ϣ֮Ͳоƣ룿
Ե˵ͷ
ͺһԴͷˮ㣬ͲɺԣԴͷȪ̫٣߱ͺ׶ԴͷĴС˺ĴС
ԴСҾ͸оҵϵԽԽˣƺȡҵȫԴȪĻյľԽ࣬ԴȪҲԽ󣬹磬һǧ
ֻվҲûƵģҿԸоõӲľҪһʱգ
ͨһε֮˽ԽԽˣҲ֪СԺá
ǿ뿪Ҫ˷֣ˣ»ͬ
ֹһӵ״̬лعͻȻһ顣
¥ҩʱɸﴫ˵ֻһˡ
ǿ߰ɡԣæ˵
Ȼˣ֮Ѿûд󰭣ܿվ׼ʰ뿪
һ£Ұ˵ʬ׶ɽȥΪϮɱǣѾĻ˵ĻĽֻҪɽһӣʮ£ᱻ˷֡ˣûжƣеĻó˷֣Ҳֻᵱٸϸ׷顣˵
ͷԺѣûǣѳϵĴͶ뺵ѳ
ν۵ͬض鷳ΪʱĳۣѾһŵӣĹ»Ұ
ûж뺣粽У˵ڻˡ
ܿ죬ƺ飬ץʱ̡
ӣʬףҲȫ뿪ʱ򣬲˿ڣɫ԰ѵ
˼Ҳܣ飬ǶҲ㲻ȥģ䣬йĳһУҲֻΪڣӦԵʱѣܹ鳹Ĩƽ
һ߰ŪŴһ˵ʾ˲ͬһ㳣˵Ŀ
ҲûбҪģȻ۶òݷɽӵдŵɣȴϡƽҷ̥ᱻնɱ֤û쾳磬ԲҲûдɣˣеλ̫ߣʲôӵк̨
˶Ϊŵӣͱض߸ϣޱ󣬵ȴ֪ŵҲŵȣŵӶ߸ϵġ
һ˵ţһߴ򿪴
ͻȻ¶ϲ
µĶ
ӣ˵ʲô˼⣬Լ˵ٻ᲻ᱩ¶Ҫʲôֶιʲ󣬰Ѹղűɱĳͬ;ͻȻɿ
иղµıȻ䵽οǴ󷢺ƣЦνǵ֮
ν콵ƣεȫת
ʲôղµıһȴһ֣ѼװξĽȡ˳Ȼ̻ĽУװšѪ󵤡ĺӣһģһ
һЩĴƿŵֽϣдԪ𴴵ȵȵҩ
Ҳмƿǽ𴴵ȥãѪ࣬ﲻȡٶȣһƿ𴴵ֵҩʮöһƿǧȻʲôرϡĵҩҲˡ
𴴵öӹƿ̾һҲ͸Լˡ
˿ӱޣһ·ϧڸϻ˰ϳǣʱ򣬰ϳѾжξ֣һ·ϣͨ裬ܿͻصס
òȥԼţ鿴εջ
ⴢǳ۵ղأ˽ƱƱ֮⣬жѷŵĴڵԭǣڽ𾫣񾫣飬Ԫ𴴵ǵٹȵյʯȵȵȵȣ廨ţһı
ڣߣ˲Σƾ֥ɽѩȵҩģҲв٣ȫݾԶɽвժѵһƷ
һЩò滨ݣۻҵĵر
󣬻аݹŵͨõƱȻǳ۵Щ鵤ҩĵرȵȱʣµġ
ŵӵղأȻȻ֪ʲô⿴⼸˲Σ꣬ҩǷǳмֵҪЩıˣһֵϰܼҲǧ֮
񾫣һϺõůӵģЧıָ״Сһ飬ֵ͸ߴǧȴȭͷСֵʮϣʮãû뵽Ǳҡ
飬̺ȫѪеľǿʣǿǣҲ棡ǵõʱҹ̧ۣǻʮһ飬൱öѪ󵤵ļǮ


090 
ַһʺƣ
޴ϲã嵭;ϮĲתøÿһα·ϮɱջͲ춼·Ϯɱ
ΪѴĴ󲿷ֶȻ˲ΣǵȵȶĶȥС
ӡˣž
𶯣úˡҲûʲô£ֻǿѣһԪĲƷȡһöʳˣգٷʳһö£Ϳͻƿﵽߵľ硣
˵գһһĽУƿȫ¡
Щ˲ΣǡԼҲʦӦöȥˣԼŰɡ
˲Σǣһ£漴¶˾ϲ飬ЩϺõĲƷʵʹãԵ壬Ƹǣǿʣ棡лӳȫ
ȷӦøлҳȫΪһӵ飬ʦһҪΪҪģһգҵιƽ£ͬĵȡڴˣʦӵиõʣҲԽǿ°빦
Ųɫص
֮䣬ҲǾһ飬·ɽ˵ҺǸֵõˣԸĸ㣬ССĵҩֻǿʼѣԺлᣬһΪѰ鵤ҩΪһ¥ҲܸõΪá
һε¼ͻȻ֣Ǹֵ˲ţԷչԼĸţҪľʾ֮ԿͶ£շġ
ԼҲ˵ļūڶūֻͣݶѣȻ֪λ΢ˣʲôûаڳӸļӣҲԾӣھԸѲ㣬ĸ
˺񰮣СԸԱ
ô˵Ȼޱȸм
ѼۼֵʮĵҩͲƷ£˵һûʵػ֮Уҳ϶˲١
ˣҲˣúϢɡ
ˣҲͷչǱޡ
Լʵ
ǸԳƳ۵ŵӣƺǹһˣӦûͬʦֵܣҼǵɸ֮ʱм۵ľͲֹһˣ϶ͬ˳ʲôĵӣ·ǡ
ϵϸڣԼоԼɱĳۻͬ
²⣬һ˿õԤУͬʱҲǰδеУҪһԼ磬ӵиǿʵ
Ͼŵӣɱ֮󣬻޾鷳ȻҵıҲСңȴһܹңҪ಼ãб޻
ģǾԼʵѰ𶼶Ըˡ
׸⼦ŵӡߣŵΣѰһ޻أ
׺ţ׼õĵҩó
һΣͷ˴ĵҩҩǿģǻǮġѪ󵤡ÿһöʮ깦൱ÿһöаپҩһʮöǧҩ
Ǵӳ۴ѳԪÿһö깦൱ھžҩ
ЩԪһһöǾŰپҩ
ֵҩʲͬͬʱʳ߻ħܲס޴ҩĳȷʳԪɣѹ˵ʱġѪ󵤡ǵãòϵģҲʹ͸ʵԼҳ϶ȣܷЧ
ЩҩѾš
ҵʣƺǳ⣿˷ʳ̺Űپҩĵҩֻһ룬٣챦ȻܹЩҩȫĴۣǶķһЩʱգ̳ɹѣԤҷöԪϾͿԳأɹͻơ
ڴˣ˲ϢʳԪܿҩ˳ذԼĹʮĵزӵǧپ
ȻϣʱڵѪ⣬Ҳڴﵽ˾
ȵϢ·ȼյ¯ʱѪеʣ
ȫѪ⣬Ԫźع澳žеĵزת˵壬طŸԵı仯ﵽϳ˵߾硣
棬ۻĹѾûһ˿ǾѪĴڣȫ£ͬӤһ㴿࣬˷ϻͯﵽϣ·Զ˥ϡ
йأϹ֮ˣԶȰ꣬˥ھʹﵽ״̬
ع澳ڴɣҵѾﵽϳ˵߲㡣
ϸĵظı仯һ˲䣬·оضȻ
ڵʽ̤ĵá


091 
ļ죬һ߹磬һ˹עϳǸԲ
ԸаĵǣûκŵӳֵļΨһǼŵӣӾĽ뿪֮󣬾ʹҴȥˡ
ӣ鱨Сڵİ϶ξʱֵģǼŵӣƺ˵ѲʹǰϻģΪ۹ºεְΣΪ䡣
ѼݺŵйصĹĺź͵ǰ
˵ϻȥˣǴеĿģǵǰȥ棬˼Ⱥˣ׻᲻Ҫҵĳͬ
еˣָɴ䣬ţţţţɹٳɹ޼ɹߴǣͷиӹĴСɣγɵӴˣȡ˳Ӧ֮⣬ͼͳۣһϽ
νĹ£ָЩŵӣʱնħѰұִиָ¼µĹѫͳһϽŹͬϡ
ִ񣬿Ի۹£ԳȥҪĻջ񣬻ҲʹҩģʯЩ޵񣬻ֵҩȵȸֹصĽõЩΪһӣʮ꣬ʮӣֱһɳ졣
ŵҲл۹һ˵һ顣
ķʽжֶڤ˼˲ҲкܶѡЩŹµ֡
ڹĵģЩ֦ĩڣǼƳͬŵŵ١
ʱ򣬲ܵȨֵãҪζξ٣ҲлӴЩģ֪Щŵӵ١
֪ȥˣʱ֮䣬Լ鷳һĽ䱸ҲڷЩ⣺ЩˣΪʲôȳһˣѵǶͬʧٵ飬ĺں
ˡСֱԣЩŵӣֻ»֪Ѿɱѵ
Ŷһ£ô˵ҲмֵЩŵӿֻͬ߹̼ܽɱ۳ٳٲ֣ǱǷɱΪ鵢г̡
С˲²⣬Ƿֿ֮ǰѾãԷͷжϻǰٻϡ˵
ı˵УЩ˾ͲΪˣЩӣҾͿȫҩٴη磬ǳʮԲҲһ߿ܡԣһЦ֮䣬¶ʮţŵɱ˵һɱ˵ڶ
ʵǿŵǰҲΪ塣ɵðͷ
⼸죬ôˣ
𴴵͸ֲҩЧҵѾȫȬˣʧȥѪҲ˻æ˵
ǺãڴǰţҪúò򡣡˵
⣬ôʹãԣʧɫû뵽ȻԼ
Ҫ֪ޱĹͨıɵģӵĪһ׹޷ᲢۣһЩŷõҲҪСϵӵܻţ˲
ҲҲǻʮĴǮŰⲿֵֻͿԱʮС֮ҵвƲ
һͨūͣ޷ܵģֻǰŵĹڲƪϾҲԳܡ
ⲻһĶͣǰĸˡ
ҲΪˣ˻֣̿ǻ̿֡
㲻ض˵ļֵȻãΨһõţ㴫˭˰֣ܴȵ˵ңҲϣ´ˣװΪʦҪܰͦأĵ˻ɱУÿζಫ
ֵʵҪǿǵʺ͹ҰʣµĹڸ㣬Ҳδɣо֣ȱݵȷܴ󣬴ͨڶššӶҪıԪͨššҪľűԪĹʵ̫Ԫˣͨ漸ѨûлɱˣԼȱˣеľѪԪ˲ݽߣҲǲܣԼҲֻҿš
ǣС˶лʹ͡˼һǳϻ̳Ͽֵؽˡ
ʱҲ뵽ԼʵȻгˣȹӺͳϳȷСһЩѧϰҲǺбҪġ


092 ڵӵ
ѰһķĬдȥ֮صסԼеĵҩǮƣʱƱ֮󣬾һЩ˲¹׻֥ѩ֮ĲҩԼָĵҩ
⣬ʮöѪ󵤡ûжãȻڡ
˲¹׻֥ѩЩԳ棬Ѿع澳Щҩɲóˡ
вյŶЩҲòϡ
Ϊ˼֮Ƕһӵһǻ˵ģһǳ۵ġ
ôеƷ֮ȡʮöѪ󵤡
ѾӵʮĹ磬Ҳﵽ˺أֻҪʮöѪ󵤷ʳȥܿͿӵʮ깦ӽԲ
һͻȻһͷѽʢŵʮöѪ󵤡һȥȻȶ˫Ŀգʼҩ
Դӵ֪ǼƳͬŵŵ٣оԼиԤУҲԼ棬㲻棬ŵӵĻᣬҲø
ЩŵӣŰ裬ΪΪԼʵĻҪԴ
ڰ϶ξĥҲһʱˣʱпյµǰս
뾡죬ʵȥ
оһ˿ȣ̷Ѫ󵤡ѾõԲٴһ󲽵ʱ쵴ɽڵ磬ͨŵӣҲϻĵǰߡ
ϻģǴϣأ޾ԭͳƣݹŵͣս
ԹƫƧ֮أȴͷһ˳Ϊĵֳ֣
ݴЩˣǴ壬ԶʱһΪסĺᡣ
ߴ䣬ȻҲûдĲǣȴ츳ӵǿϵ޳ϢʦҲضãЩˣƾӵǧȺʮԲʦңǴһϻ֮ʱʱ̣̿ܵԼҰ޵в൱һֱս£սı൱ˡ
һЩˣɳһ֮󣬻ͻȻѣȻӵֲ˼ݹŵأ˵ͨޱǿᣬޱأϻĵĴ˺ܴˣֱʶ˸ϻģŵµĵӹѲ۷磬նɱнŤתơ
磬ͨˣֵѲʹĵӣǼ縺նħΪ䣬ڴУһԶԸʿ÷ɽ׷ȵȷնɱ֮
˵Ϊʦڣͨս£ֻҪǵʱų֡
̺֮壬̫ƽڲݸѾûսң־һֱȡţ⻹սϱߵģϻս˵ｮǧ͹ңҪĿꡣ
ںţһУ֦̫ͬϽţҲ˵ĳԱӦЭΪϻĵΰҵ
ֻҪϻأ޾ĻԭĲƸͽȡᣬʱгţõȪϻľͷ޾֮ĸɸض졣
ȻǴУ˷ɵ֮⣬Ҳ縺űŸʹǾȥһɽǵ֮أ̽ǰʱ䣬Ƶ÷зرϢ
ǳһҲףǷܹȡɾ죬̤ʵ֮·ĻԵͿˣҶҪһЩ⼸ʱ䣬úҪ¿ۣ֪𣿡
̤ϻصʱΪʦ֣˸һ
֪ˣʦ֡
ȻǵͷӦŵǵãеԼɸʹ
ʱããԭ֮УӰԶ֣һĨ̳ڵķ
ۡ
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Щʲôˣ
ЩԼ˲ɵƤһи飬ʱ
ȫѪΪ֮ĵ·Բ覵Ĺ
⼸ˣѧϳ˵ľ磬ڵģͨϢԪ
Ԫʺ͹һǳأת䣬Ǹ֣߳߶ȴܹڿڼһ˲䣬תԪȻǴﵽϳѾõĸʦ
ǵ磬Ҳںع澳ӵвڳ۵ʵǿʮزңԶԵĹҲʮ¡
Ϊʦֵ磬ȫϢޣ·޸֮Źӣ˫֮䣬֣¶ͬڳ˵ĳȻȡ
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Ȼߴأӵʮ깦ʦʦãҪ


093 ϻ
ȻƬ֮Ⱥºڼ׵ӽţ˵ĳСӡ
֮Ƿ׷
ЩȻǺͨʦҸѪǿʢϢӵʮϹֻһҲˣһСӣȻһɫͬˣѵڴеۺ̣
˰ԾԭΪǰ˵صģֻһȺСķˣȴû뵽ȻӵʮϹʦ
ЩԼɢĳǾ鼫ḻɱٵ˵ϵʦǸոսȥ¶
ʹŵӣޱ߹󣬽ˣҲɵðһ˿䱸
ЩǴ˼ѹ
ûдѹ
Щֵʱ򣬰սŭɱ֮ȻЩŵĵӣ֮ǣҲԽ䱸
Ҿľ𣿹ȻŲһߡ
š
簵ҡҡͷʾ⽭˿ƣԼǰǵ쵴ɽڵӣǵĶƣλʿ·ȥݴӪ
ȻŵӡΪ׵һӳӹ뺿һۣӹһ˿ȡ
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ŵǰƺҲʲô˲ϸݸʱŴԺܵ׷Ȼͬ
ܵĴ˲ɵв죬ɫҲѿ
ȴ˵ͷֵλʿ롣
ӳҲǣתŲ۷
Щˣǲ֪ô߳ŭһ
뵱һ·ϣŴԺύ󳼣ܹͨҲ߷߲ƽƺί
ʦ֣ЩѽЩôǣʵ
ΪŮޣûôߣֻ뵽ԼܵδЩɻ
ԶԶ뿪ǰѲ߮תˣȻվǿˣҲҪ˵ģǼסˣǼǿǾ֮ˣǣ֮ˣϴУɺˮݣȻǡ
ϻģһ飬ҪԼϵվö飬˳վϡͿҲ֡
ɣɣʲô߰ģ
ҲҪϵվö飿
ʦ֣㲻˵Цɣ
˵֣أ˽סе֡
ʵУޱе飬֮ĹĶǣǼëƤС£ֱֵһᣬЩŵ磬ʲôϵʲô̺ͣǣôܻǶ룬֮ǣ
ˣڸ˵ЩҲûãԺǾˡ
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ʮһȦʮȦʮȦ
ԽԽȦг֣ȻһǣﵽʮȦ
ĿԲʮֻһ֮ңʮĹ
ԭֻٶɱ֮󣬱ǧﵽһǧپȻַʳöԪ˾Űپﵽǧپ
ٴǧڴﵽǧپ
ҲӦȦԽԽ࣬ﵽʮȦʱΪҩͷͻȻͣ
֮У·һޱȼ̵ıݣƾԪҩγҲȻ·ûʲôܹݡ
ϰʮȦС
Ȼˣʮ֮ƿǼ򵥵ҩͻƵġ
ֹ֮ͣͻȻ֮УӿһȻˡͷ֮⣬̣͸ˡ
֪ͻƵʮԲô׵£ͷֻдԼǧҩͲƿҲһ˿һ˷ѣȵ´Σӵи൤ҩ߻ɱʵǿĶ֣վʱһͻưɡ
а㡣
ֹһʱգȫеҩ׹̣ǾѪ˥ܣ˥ϣҲܵ˻ˣҲͷӵи鵤ҩϾͿԳ߲Σһ졣
ʱһѾԤ֮еҪ飬Ҳڵ
ξڰ϶ξְڼ䣬ְأмӡؼӷ۳嶼ξӪͳ
һִʽװĶ佫ǰ˵Ұѱӡţίιĵȵȶȫ
ĩ
ӹӡţɫص


094 ݼͳ
ϲӣӪͳĥˡ
֪ǰߴӪͳϢϲ֮æǰء
ҴľƣУξΪӳƿפӪнѪȵȶţΪλӪͳѾλһӵٱսȨһΪˣңͳģϴУΪĲӣȨҫʹݣҲ
춼ξΣʵȨĶͳǹȥǸͨƽӹפӪˣرٱսȨӿԣ׵õĻᣬݽ˿ܡ
Ѿ֪ľУУξʵȨ٣λڽһͨУξֻͳȨûٱսȨֻԼһΣʵȨŻӵЩȨ
ҪСƲ۵ȨʵϣУԽһ
ʦΪ߹ѫУξƹһӪھнյ㣬ҲûϽĿܣֻʵӲдﱳֵ֧ģϽĿܡ
һõսȨſԲսѫǣһɳ졣
ҾûЩôҲܱڷפӪʱմѲ񣬽أ羸طҪãĥҪǿöࡣ
һҲһЩȨˣǲ֪ǲΪͨСĿ飬Բŵõ᣿
̲ס²⡣
ǳԼһū꣬ǲô͵õõģԼǺصʦѾӵзֵʵҲûǰ֣Ϊٵʱ
ΨһĿܣСְţڸоʱѵʱԼǰˡ
Ȼڻһٿأϻսҽиᣬɱˣȡ챦ЧܿͿͻƵʮأԲ֮
Բʦɲôū۵ġ
뵽飬Խˬ졣
ȥ׼һ£Ҫӵ˲ӡţġЩ׼ãǰϻҪõĶҲ׼ãˣʮ´㣬ι϶ξ¹ԱҽҪǰߣӦõĵİţ˳ࡣ
֪ˣӡȭӦ
ЩӣѾʶĿ󷽣һ־ʮ˿е⡣
֮һУϲԼξɸĶʮϸϻġ
һ·ϣа϶ξߵͨƾ飬Ȼǳͨ裬˻˰µʱ䣬ܿϲ߾սķΧ
ӣ㿴ĳӳˡ
̤ϻĵʱӰ˵УϹսʶЩľһ¾ϳǵ
˵꣬СϻľУͳıЩȫЧҵĲӣҲӵУΪĺ;һ֧˵ǡҾĺģ
Ҳ˵ݣͱ߳ϣӽһʮ佫٣ȫҵ壬߸׽ҵҴ壬õʦū
˰ЩϴϷΪҾϷϵĸٹ̣ɼһߡ
ҾĵʹҲҾľĻҪͳӪЩɡ
СãϤ£ȻְͶ飬פӪ϶ξĴʱ俼֮ȨһȨͳľ񲿶ӡ
ȻڻֻССͳֻͳһӪİƶŹ˶ãҪֱϣմ󲿷־Ȩƿ֣Ҳǲܡ
ЩȻоС㳤ʱ䲼֣ţвݵ磬𽥱ҲԼ²⵽һ˿ͼ
ߣȥǡ뵽緢˵
ˣʮڼ۳ңܿӭ

Ϊһס֣ǰͣ¡
ǿǴݷĴʾͨƾ
ǿפӪĵط˵̽ӣĻϲķħ߮ЩһãЩˡ
øǿʹ˸ɫ
⣬Ѷξƾ飬˳
ȻεӪͳڼʱע⵽ݣɾȵضһۡ
Ҿɫصȴ򣬡Ҳýӵ϶ξĹ֪ǰεӪͳ죿
ԭˡ
Щڼ˾Ĺģ׿ڳݣȻȫ
ˢˢˢЩϥڵء
ݼͳˣ


095 Զ󽫾
ʲô
Щ˵ķӦʵڸе⣬벻ͨЩΪʲôҪд˴
ɵĽϰߣûаֳֻǲɫѯʡ
ĪǾҵĲӪ
ˣҵǶԶ󽫾ױǴ˲ʮţ˿δֻͳСָͳ죬ʧ񣿡
ŻȻԭЩݵĲС㣬׷С㣬յСָѡҪͳϢĴѲ߮Ӧڵһʱ䣬ӭ
ǵĹˣض񣬶ɡ
ͨһ㣬΢΢ͷһӣЩ
ԭԼˣЩС
ﻹ᲻˽⣬ǵԼҵˡ
˵ϴĴ󲿷֣ʵף뱳ˣһٹ̣ݡ
ҹȥ̷ĻƼңҲҽãҪȻλӣ׷湫ӡ
УеˣҲ¶ɵ顣
ԭᣬϻʿ¸߰˫Ħڣȴֻѱȫûеĵ
һ㣬͵ﵽפӪȫͬ
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ʱʮֳһ룬ˣӪȥͨʾе硣
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ֻӪŶ֧ӵķţһдŴġֵľ죬ȺӭƮ
ϻǰߵݴӪԶ󽫾¡
ˣ͵ȵʳͣҶݣųսҵķְ֣Ľļū˵ͬһ·ˡ
˵ΪһҲӣ˾æӭ˳Ե˵Ӫʱ򣬿ӪſڣվһȺˣΪ׵һȫңɢȵʦԣʮңŴӵ
ӪУССʮͳԽҲӭ˳
üһЩˣǺأͨĸ֣ȻǺųƾݴӪи֣ԻǸССפӪɱȵġ
ԶԶЩˣоȳһ
Щ˵ƷǷǧľ룬͸޷ӵĸоΪǰȫѪóޱȣԶԶʢڳˣգҲѾﵽ˷豹ĵزӵʮ깦Բֻһ֮ңЩѪշǳУƾһ˿ӦͿ԰Щ˵Ϊ
侫ҪݴӪˮƽǾ޵ˡ
ݴӪϴʮ·һ֧Ҳȫɣ񲿶ӵһ֧Ȼ·Ҫٵö࣬ʵȴǰС
ˣɵʮʮ
ЩĿͶ˾еǸˣ΢΢һ
ţ˵ΪҾȻ͸Ԫȱ豹桭ԲǺԲԲĸ֣Ѿ˺ط豹ĵزܹҲ͸ˣҲԲ֣
ιдڶԶ󽫾ְٴӵеģҲо͸ģضǶԶ󽫾ɡ
λԶ󽫾Բʦ
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ԶԶر㷭˹ȥվйأΰݣְӪͳ󽫾
ݼ󽫾ҲŲΰݡ
㾹ȻѾǺصʦһ£¶㵵顣
㣬С˵չȸӷϴͬǰúõȻٸ׵õս˳Ȼȥڲŷ֣ȫϡ
ȻСгʦϳʦ
Ȼϳ˾ʦ
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ߣԭЩ٣ҲѾĿɿڴ
Ȼ޷ΪȴܹѾ̤ϳˡ
ǻǲǵãǰЩӣ˴½ļһܹپǿ֮ʿɲҲ
Ϊϳɳصʦȴû뵽һˡ
ݴӪֶһԱͽ
Щˣ뵽ǰ½ļģܹپǿ¼ȷɡ
ɡ
и̾һ£ǰ
㲿ľѾգȥѲȻϤһϣΪӷϴ
Ϊһ䡣
л󽫾ش
֪ǰߵĹأȴ֪һӰžǡ


096 ԩ·խ
ӣݴӪԶԶҪðȥӾ񣬾Ȼ˳ˡ
ܿ죬ͰҪӵͬʱҲ̽һЩҪϢ
ݣԼӵãԽԽĸſ£ˣЩ飬ȫþʵʡȴ˲˼
ʲôòõģΪС㰲ŵͳ죬ЩŻܣɱͱýͷöֱﵱ̶Ѩ˰ɡ
бĿĻɵЦЦ
ȻǸյݴӪܵдȻ˳ͰýӣƿرһжʾݴӪ½ʿܻӭﵽⲢΪ֮ҲΪҵŹˣܹڣΪСֶͨΣﾭӪͰ
ҳȻͶ١һжʾСأеɫ٣ʿ䣬ҶҪ˵ˣۣЩֻԳõôõ
Լ񴦾ú͸Ҳúܣԭ򾿾ʲô
ˣټϹӳͬСɣҲ֪ڹǰҪڳ̬ȡ
Ц˵
ĴһȦԼ֣ݴӪڱ²ŹӵĳǵһЩ˷֣񿥣ȻСİѩ֮󣬾Ȼ˵ĳϵӵܵ˽ӣ֮СĸףʲôʱΪ˽ˣҿЩͷʿҲʲô⣬ûгѵǡ
ʲôȻ˵ҵϵ˽ӣֲý磬Ҿ͸оЩ˿񲻶ԣСڣҲѹסЩ˺Ҳ²ۣھӪһһУҪעӰ죬ܹͳְλɫص
СܵݣֵܵԶﴫūˣ֪ĻѾŲƣҲѾͣش
ǲĹЦ֮ɫܹ˼ȻǺüҲ²⣬ʼӰ첻ãҪҪҥ·
ˣëƤС£α棿Ҫ²⣬ǲ²ȥɣ̣Ǻع澳ʵҵʵ᲻̵ĶʲôСʲôҵϵӵܵ˽ӡЩ׽Ӱ飬ó
ҡҡͷ
ˣӣһӪ֮ǰŵӵͻȻһ飬˳
ŶŵӣһͻȻˣڹ컯֮£ɱԼĳۣҪǼŵӣ
ָڽϳֹǼջɱ֮⵽ϾòöξȨ˸Բͨؼ¼ȻŵӾ
жϣЩ˺пܣǳ۵ͬʦֵܣշֵ𣬵ڶûеȵۺǻϣ϶лɡ
ǡ˵ͷСѾǷֱ磬ͨ쵴ɽڵӣԵϣҲԵϡ
˵ţ˵һЩòԣǰִеԼһЩ˵˳ͻоУȨƵȷһܿµĶ˵ͳͳߵױӳĸţҲԵǵϣ鱨
ֶΣʲôǧۣ˳ʿͨҲضá
µǣǻ֪˵Լ
ȻǣЩ֣ʱ裬ǣû˲
С˽ǹӷԸֻ˵ԼĽˣû͸¶ͼңƹܽӼ¼˵Ǵ˵ױӳҸʮûգͰȫ¼ⷭˡش
ܺã飬òЩŵӣǳ۶ͬţֻҲһ֮CҲɱڰеǻԸǣز֮
ӹһ˿ݺݵص
۵ĵɱ޼ɵж˷ǳӵӡͬʱҲ裬Ǹ
Ա֮⣬УԼԼһͷǾǻɱ֮󣬷һʺƣʵ̫ˣ̼ҼŵɱǿֵõƱ
ͷһ𣬾ѹơ
ԭĴ㣬ϻʱɱΪʱڿȴûбҪСĶֹȥֱЩǿĶ־ˡ
ϾǷӣħܼ˾ɱʲôʱӦĺʲôʱӦÿˣȻһ˳ӣԶ񣬶˳ӱġ
ҲŪˣԩ·խͷ
¶ģЩŵʱݴӪ˧Զ󽫾μ磬Ϊӷϴ
Ӧ꣬УǴŲǰоʡ
ƿ߽ȥһ۾ͿȲŮڿĹϯλϡ
磬ͨ
ԺУʱͬէ֣⼸Ů֡


097 ӷ
쵴ɽ
ڣ
ŵӣ
ĸˣڳǰ
ո֪ĸ˵һߵŮϳǵˣһһԺϳЩ˷ֱ˭
󽫾ɫ߽ʣ
񡣡ָָߵλã
л󽫾Լλã
˾ӪͳȻôᡣ
ôӣȻԶ󽫾ר磬Ϊӷϴ
֮ǰݴӪҲΪӷ磬ʱֻ߼ϯô¡أ죬ݴӪܹŵϺŵĶͳ죬ȫˡ
˿ưƣȴ촽΢ܣɫš
֪ΪΣ˳֣ҸӦһ˿ͱ˵ƣƺǻе⡣ͻȻ
ʦ֣磬ѾԲɣڤڤ֮УѪܸӦԼϢϢصôͱˣĪ߲ƣͨԣɵһȫ硣
ҲָӦϾģҪҽ죬֮׼ȷǷǲˡʼնݴӪҵĵ̣»ǵ͵Ϊϡ粻ɫصȱˣֻܺȾơ
ʱһһ٣죬룬˧λ̼࣬ž˶Ĭ۱ԵþȻ
һоʱˡ
λٴǰΪӪͳӷϴнƣһأǾͳһ
òɨһܣȶ˾Ʊ
ͳ롣
ڽʿͬʱƱ
һɱϢȻ
ȻǾ鴫΢΢𶯡
﾿ʲôģãҲûʱȥ˽⣬һ仰΢֪ЩоֹͿ԰ǵľò̽һӶ֪ݴӪ
һȺʨͻľӣôС
ҲϸڣһΪ΢顣
Щ٣ĸԣƺΪƣһͣ⺷Ц
Ľ죬˭һִģ
ĿͶȴλ󽫾ȻͳȨգȴΪ˵͵âز¶
ĳȨƣӵдͰˣѾж׹ңعеС㣬пܡ
λˣ롣һ˿Ħ˼˵Ȼ󣬾ٱͷһ
ãһЦ˵
ԣһˢˢؾ˾Ʊ
˱Ҿɡ
Ҿ¶ǣ£գ΢ͣȻ󲿷ֽ컹һΣĿбӵѪ񣬵ҲʼžƲ˵
Ͼε磬Ϊ˸ӷϴǸģȫףһ࣬ɺͳ
˶Դ֪ԾܶѪıɫǾԼ
ƹѲ֮ʼһһܸӪͳµƫĸţʱʱһ䣬ΣıΡ
ʱѾ֪ݴӪٹ̵ĵطԼܵģҵֹϵ׽һһС
ŴͳҸλͣλ쵴ɽڵŵӣʿʿʿӡ
λʿλݴӪεӪͳǷʦ֮ǰڴ˵䣬ÿԺͳЩ
ͨˣͺݴӪʿ鲻ύ˭ŵݣϷκЩӴһƬԸղţֻһԺȾƣǵĻ⡣
վϱɱ⣬ܵˡ
󽫾ƺָĻ¶˼ɫǷʦ֮ɽѲʹ䣬ݴӪ죬󽫾ûжţڵλͳðǰŵƹܵһӪȥ
ԣЦд⣬ȴǱҶʿˡô˫ţ
󽫾Ե΢Цţ˹֡
ɫЩǵ˵ͷûзԡ
òϣĻο˰һнӰֻҪʰװפӪˣ飬Իᰲ׵
д󽫾仰ĳˡ׵˵ͳա
ֱʱע
һע⣬ȴҲǷͬСɣܿͿ䣬֪ʱһʶĶ߷ɽ
ѽƤ
ʿƺѽȤ
ƵЦЦѽ
˵Цѽһǰ·ǣɱʱõģһ鷲ӣͷ֮Ҳֵ֪ΣԺҹ䣬սƷʿţؼʶԶԶʤӣҼһΣ


098 ͻɱ

ԣ΢ӹһ˿Բľɺͳء
ʲôһǰǣ

ͨˣҲ¶𾪣㵣飬·ĻǴ޵ĳ
ͳԣԵЧ˽ͨ˵ͻȻվõǰ
ʿ롣·ûв⼸˵С΢Цзɽ˹ȥ
ɫأ·ޱȹصıϸ
úϸ£·ѷɽǣȴԿʼ΢΢òƿߣѷɽ˻
ôʿѽ֮ƺҲܸȤѯ
ڷֶΣɱҲܹġ
ѽǷ֮ҾͿΪͳˣɱǴһԴ𱸵ؿһۣͳҲǣ飬ôʱϱ
ˣά֮⣬ȴԱ
ְʶǳ޷ȷԼɱǲһŪˣЦСðɾͲˡЦҳڻɱĹѫȡ֤Ҳ಻㣬֮£󽫾Ϊ֮Ϊְʱߵôæûаƾ֤¡
ѽȷǷųõķɽֻǲ֮ҾͲˣħ̳еĶԶ̫ŵĵͳ֮Ҳû̫𡣡ʱͻȻ˵
ȷ΢ǿϧˡ
ɽ˶ԣֻһСڵҲ֪֮ûвκεֻǼͶкһٱһɺľ
ٺ˼ƣ󽫾ʦֵܼʤиˡ
λʿ㡣֪ǺʹӪʿ룬Ҳûȥ
ʦ֣
뿪֮󣬵Ƨ˴ͨˣȲΧס磬С
ɫأڵǿ֪ǰѽǲǶʦܵģ
˵˵ͷ
ǰѽǶʦܵģǸ˵ʦܿѾˣ飬侲ÿ£ȴˡ
ʲô
ôܣ
ԣһȫ¶˲ŵɫ
ȻɽʱǾѾԼ򣬵ȷϣ̲סʧɫֻеСˡ죬ʱͬݣΣҲ޷顣
ȻǵϪĿˣ
Ӹ˶ʦ֣ţȻѷɽõǰǣ
˻̻ãȻôҲ벻龹ݱճֻȥٵȻôһȥˡ
ǣӳ۶ûаԼǻϣϷɽֳеѾ׶༪٣ΪеġҰˣֻѾʬҰ»Ұ
ʦ֣ڸô죿૵صֱڣЩ㱣ͻϢʵ̫ˡ
Ǹʲô侲һ㡣翴ӹһ˿ֻ侲ΪԸӣΪʦܱ𡣡
𡭡ԣһҪ𡣡
ӱس
ӣҪǼУ
֮صԼľʣȲǰԡ
󽫾ʱûʸʣţҲԼ˵İţ֪ˣΪӪ䡣
Ŷƺ˵һۣʵ
Сǵģ۱ɱ鱻Ǽŵ֪ʱǱضԹӲ侲
׿ŵӵݲۣϣɲʵͲܹɶԸģȻӵ磬Ҳﵽ˺أ豹ĵزҲǺǵ֮һƽǵ죬Թʹɱֻ֣²
Թӵݵλʾһ²󽫾Ҳòؿǣ°ǼڵӵȥֻѾӦȴǲٷˣǺã
ҡҡͷ¶Ϊѵ顣
֪ڵʲôǼɱˣҪƴסɽҲΪĽ꣬ҲˣҲУͰɱ˵ŵӣʵҲû£ֻҪǵֶʹҲ׸
Եޣطɱ½˷ɱȴطһ鷲ûŵӣҲûһΣˣȴҪط
ŵΣУֻ߹ʱȡ
һЦޱȵţĻ¶
ԣкݺݵһ£ɵɬʵ
Ҫɱǣ
ĻУܵ˺εɱ


099 Ӫ
޷⣬ΪʲôͻȻ⣬Ҫɱ
ӣǲǡ
˵ҵ̫ͻȻʵ
С˲ңֻǡ
֪ڵʲôҲ֪ԼҪʲôҾҪɱǣ
˰֣ϲ
㲻ظе֣£˷׷ţ޾ܹ쵶ն飬һ鷳ҵʦΪҪǺӹµһţأ񲻰Ϲһı죿
ȻʲôɱԵħͷҲɻνĸ֮ʣΪ˴ֱָģ׷ǡңڡĸ֣ȻһȺǳ۵ʦֵܣֽɱǣɱǣкβɣ
Ҳûɱڣ£ҲҪκνںɣҪģֻһʱѣ²ڣǱңңңңЦңңƭңңҲ֮ѣȰ񣬱Ӧ˳ӱģƽϣ
ô˵ʱĿ࣬޻˵
վϹսսʿûмѪȵˣԴ׷֮һҳ֮ģԽ£ʱѾԼԼ°ǰ;ˣάϵϣľȻᷴԡ
˵û⼸ţǸлᣬǾΪáֵ󣬶ȻóȻ£빫˼С
㲻صģš
ɫص
ҲÿѾѳ۵ķɽչʾǰ֪˳۵ҾҪݾߣжɱңֻʵıϽʵʱұ˳Ϯزǡ
飬ȻѾг
ڶ죬˸磬ȻϴפӪУ
ݴӪһķֲڵоʣԪ֮λڵӪȴϽǣ·λ
µľʣа֮ŲγһָӵʽڸڵȵȣȻڸֲȻǾ˲ãӵйĪʹܴϮҲ̵ʱڷӦկأ𷴻
ӪԶ޼ʵĻҰǴУ
ڴʵһС٣ʮһٵѵʽ󣬲ûиϲڣҲΪ¹Σ˰ԼĲټԵġ
ˣȫӪһǧʮ嶡ȫ룬ǼûǲҪȥһ£æǰ
ѹ˽ֵú˽û˵ʱ򣬳ƺΪӡǰȴԹְƺˡ
ȫ룬ܺáɨܣص˵ͷ
뵱շפӪȫӪǧˣǲһõ¶ǻͷϱӣһСǿնһξУܹΪԼõģҲҪֵܵܵһȺӸ⣬в㡣
ӪѪʦϻսѫȫӪ£ȫΪƿأҪѹϾͿ˳֡
飬ƣѾ͹ȥȻͬڸоԼڷɵĿռ䡣
ˣѾüƽϣΪ䣬һֳȻĴڣƽʱĵîıչǲġ
ⷽΪѣֻСС֣£ԵԼСˡ
ȥǣͲˣȻҴɭϣҲȫǲͨԵϿ֮һЩĵĹǿѭġ
һϸֳһ˿Ц
ǣˡһæӦ
ˣùǣ׼ʼɡ
ˣߡ
ڲ£ľͷļ׸̨ˢһ
ԣǶʮӶξľʿ䣬װ뾫طࡣ
Щʿ䣬ױЩױԭǰ϶ξУĥõгʦΪûı͸߹ĳֲϷȥС䣬˵Ǹ߲ɵͲͣһֱֻںĥãרŵȴǰ;¹ʱͶЧ¡
Ѿʩշ˴ġ
ȻѾǺع澳ʦΪͳ٣ݽΪշЩױЧǷǳбҪġ
ʱױµԣȻܹ׳ƣλƣһ¾¶
Ҹͳڣ֮󣬿ʵ
У׵ʦȺվ
ְԬ֡
ְ졣
ˡ
ţˣǺͨΪϢҲʮϵ
һۣͿ˵Ϊ
¹Σѻ𣬲зڵţҿλʿͶҪɫԲö˵ˣóƽʱսɱеľͷúñ֣ҹۿȻ
ջĿ⣬Ƥ΢ɫص
ôڣ˾͸𷢺ʩʼɡ
ԬӦȻתȫӪ£̾²


100 ֿ
ˣ󸱶ͳԬУƹܷ磬ӪҸͳУƹɽӪȨƻǽʿҳ϶ȣԶ
磬ɽӪУξ죬УξϣУξХУξֱִ֣ơ
죬ϣͬĸֵ֮ܣΪַ֧ӵܡ
ַϣԽʵӹ
Ӫнʿʱ򣬲һԣСȫӪȨƷֲԼ˵Ϊ٣˽ЩڵױӳĸţȻҪģʾԼ
Ҳˣܿ˽һЩӪ
һЩٵϡ
Ԭ֣죬죬ϣХ֡ܺá
еЩˣȫӪУУξϵ٣ݴӪǾְձȺҪߣͳ첿ӵԶԶȺҪ٣󸱶ͳˣɽӪУξ٣ˡ
һ㣬ȴģͳıһıݺϻģʵΪǿ
һĲͬǵһսѩݴӵһ˿ԶѪġԡȻ֡ԡѪԶԶȲϡѩôٶȣҲԶԶȲϣȴȻݹŵΪƷ֣һЩҲȲǡ
ġԡΪϡ٣һӪֻİٶˣǺ⾳ϵʦЩﵽ˺ͨ۷塣
ٰ߰ˣϴ˵ˣۣūˣʹūˣҲٴﵽ˺Ǿ򣬷ӣƾ
Ӫǿɴ˿ɼһߡ
һ;ѣôϢﵽгˣͣ鵤³ʦãһĸ֣Щ֣Ǹޣ޷һ;ˣĻȻޱġ
Լ֪һЩһ߹ۿ䣬зֵע˲ţһ˼š
ҪдƷƷ鵤Լʳģȴٺòֻϧ⵰һһЩôҩģĶʣ޼ˡ
̾Ϣ
ΪһͨˣӵеĲƸǾ޴ģͷأɾʹ£ЩƸԶԶˣҲ⵰࣬ǣܹȡϵԽǮƣǹһҩ
ͻȻ֮䣬뵽˰صɡ
ԾĵӪ֮˶ѾЩƣˣһӣʾױ
ͣ
һ£ڲĽʿͣû˿ˮ
нֹܺá
ע⵽ϸڣٴΰͷվ
ǰİϣȡһ֧Ӹһױ
ȥȡһŰپǿ
ǡ
ӵױæ첽ǰⷿ
ûзݽӵгȻĵλԻ䱸پǿһųãȴûġ
ȡپǿҪʲô
˶е֣Ҳ¶˻ȣ򲻽ɫ
ͳѪǱһֵֿľˡ
ֿôܣ
£ĶУڳһ˿ɧȻģͨı䣬ǡǡǸͳԬֺˡ
ҲΪ֪ѧԶԶͨʿࡣ
ȻӪУսʿ䶼ӵг˵ʵϸ˵ǲʦҩطαʦһּ˷ʽ͵
Ϊһʦ磬ЩҪģҪǼʶǻۡ
Ԭ֣ˣ⣬ԱҪߣ˵ʦҲֻʦиһĿܣﵽϳˣԲɣ졣
֮⣬עķ죬ϣХ֣ƽһȺ٣Ҳܿ췴Ӧ
佫ʱڲǰչ¶似ȡеͳͻȻҪ֣ղ˵ǣҪֿ
ֿپǿôܣ
Щӵмʶǻ۵ʦе˼Ĳ˼顣
ǵļʶҲʵ񣬵ֿһľ
˵սһλ˳ơ۽ͽܹҧңʮǱϾʮǰپǿ
پǿǧһˣþȫôȥҧ
ѵҪݵĵָֿ
Ԭ֣죬죬ϣХһȺ
ܿ죬پǿܿͱȡˣ˵Ŀⲻرϡ
ֻӹپǿҲϻֱӾʹӼгһ֧ҧס𣬼ڹϣһ˿
ꡭ
˷·ͷƤĿݼ䴫˳ޱȿֲϣѰپǿ¡
Ȼݿ


101 
νֿľ˾һ
ˣǱǰһĻסˣͣظо
ֿǰپǿǺεȵ
پǿṭҪǧöľңҲöѣҵļͣ۵ķޱǿóȻп˵Լ
ͨʦķ˼ѣͳݿʲôⲻڿڰ
˿񣬷·ڿһͷƤĹޡ
ǿܹپʦϾپʦ߱ˣ޷ԦȫеָϣԣܹѰپǿΣΪõģֻϳʦ
ңǿȺ㣬óȻ֪˶˵ָ˶˵ĽͷΪʵ̫ǿͭƤǵǿǣܳܵ
νп֣пŵԽ֪ЩˣԽǱľٶ˸죬Ԭˣŵؿи̣ճ
ҿ˶೤ʱ䣬֮ʱݡһʸһĺХգ֮䣬𣬷ʡ
Σǿҫʾʵ
񼼣ʵҵȺգ
ԬֵԵػش
˼գ˵ǰδķˡ
֪ͺá΢΢һЦ¶˼ָĪȣԱͳݣûбҪǰ¶ʵʩϣΪҴιн뱸ɭϣ˸Խ׳һϻĵĽҲ÷ζͳָӣ
Ҳ˾ãһëͷСӣδɣƾʲôͳǣţ
ȻȻ΢Цȴɨܡ
бˣ·оһޱȵĹâϣ嶼ʼо
棬ʵ̫ʢˣ֣ŭ֮߶Ѫܹӵе⣡
ʵĸϣ
ˣ֮ӣҵȸ߹ͳǣ쾭֮£ְһ˿Ԭֺæ˵
ǵСʵǣղŵһЩˡ
˵Ҳеǰ¶˿ֲʵȻ˵ܿپĴţԼ̽ͳޱ󣬿Ҳָֻӣĵﾴ
һ£ʿ뷨ȴһ¡
ûбµĽ죬ԶõԼء
֮ӣ߹󡭡
ԬֺĻȴǹЦ
νˮů֪ǲ֮ӣ߹Ȼһ
ô˵ھУûй˵䣬ıԣͲڣҲǣ˵µǡʩԣ⻰˵ףȴѣҲԸǣǴԣȺ
Լ죬Ϊ֮Լ꣬˴ǾˣȺԼЩأǱأЩɴ
£ӢսԻ󽫾٣ھҩҲֿɵá
˲ΥųսǾͲҪֱͳˡ
˵ͻȻͣһ£ЮŸղչ¶ʵɨܣԼҪͺ˵һ¡
ŻܽͳӵеȨƣǴԲ²⵽Ҳǰ˵ʮĺع澳֣ӵʮ깦ֻһܴ꣬ﵽԲɣΪ˽ܣǴԿǺԣóϷӺ
һνֲ֮ڳսĽʿǣȴвףкùӳԣҪùѡʩշĵԣӵ˼¡
ʲôʮ꣬أ
ͳ˲ʮ꣬⣬ôܣ
͸¶һЩһˡ
һε𾪣ԶԶȸղøҡ
ʮ꣡أʲôֱǰһţݹŵŵϺŵĲſҲһһص󣡼ʹţҲܹ̾ͱӵк͵ϵһȨƣ
ǳԽŽޣƵĵʣ
ԬֺȻ飬һЩĹ٣УһˣһЩʶеģҪȻҲС֮ӱΪ١
úܣһ˵ܹڶʮ֮ǰﵽԲſĵ˽ܣӵһ˿̤죬ʵĿܣԴӴ˵ң
˵ݴӪ߳ȥǧС㣬ľš
䣬СʱȽԬֺˣ𾪣ֱҪɾˡ
ͳʣȻС㻹Ҫã


102 
أԲ֮䣬һԽĺ蹵ӵʮ깦Ĺ澳֣һҲ޷̤Բ⣬ʹﵽص˵ͲڣǺķһЩʱ䣬һصգܳԲﵽԲҪΪԲ֣ͨǧ򱶣˵ǱȻ
͸¶ʮ꣬ѾǺع澳֣ӵʮ깦Բֻһ֮ңʱеˣѾԲ֡
ΨһģڽĶ೤ʱڣܹһɾԲ
ʱ䣬һ꣬꣬ꣿ
һ꣬꣬꣬ҵ󼰵Űôߵʣһڶʮ֮ǰʮ깦ʮ꣬ɾԲԤƣĳɾҪСҪߡ
Ҫ֪С㣬ǶʮʱŴﵽʮԲġ
Ȼȭ׳ҵţһһ
𾪹ڽʿЩãտյģ֪θ롣
Ǽ֮ܵ޴µĿհףݿհ׼䣬һ˿ľηָӵ˼ѾȻѿ
һЩСȽϵˣˡ
ĵ΢ɴ˿ɼһߡ
˭ԱȣƫƫСԱȣԱģֻ˶ûдлع񣬲ûвһ㡣
ӵ磬Ȼ˸Ĺﵽʮ꣬Բֻһ֮ң
Ҳ𾪵ؿ
֪͹ԼҪߣȴû뵽ߵ˿ŵĵز
Ľٶȷɿ죬һǧԲͲ֪
׿ڳϣ֪ɵҲסˡ
˲¶డ
ûɵģ˵ĻȫţΪ˿ϱֳģǾŸеȣȫ޼ɵ
ǰԼʵǱΣΣܹӵʵģͲ
۹躹޵֧ӵܣǵλµΣλΣԾŵòǰʱ򣬹â޷ڸǡ
Ӵ壬ҲҪŵģӵļֵ
а
ʦ֣С˵ʲôʵ
¶Լľ磬ʱ磬ͨһˣҰУԶһǰԶԶʿ
ĴЦԼЦ֮У͸¶һЩҲڶУɵһЦӹһ˿мͱĵ顣
ûʲôֻڿҫԼʮߣ˺ع澳ӵʮ깦˵
ֲô⣬һΪжͣʮضѡصһ˵
Ǿ֮ܣ죡Ų뵽׾޽УţȴţëʮӵУܳĸֵһᡣңа꣬а˰٣һʱ̵ĳɾͣʲôã쾳ż̤ýȥдɾ֮ͣǰеһУֻǾˮ°ˡ
ûҪʦǣҪ⹦޹£⽫ʱѴҲͻƺʮأﵽԲˣǳɣȹ̸ѭ򽥽ô̰ͼһʱ֮죬ȥԻٸĴ£ҿСӵĹǷʳʲôҩ˾ȡ˾ħŵģ磬Ҳ̸ǿͻƣΪ
ͨʱ
ǵ飬мģ򼵶ʣȴûһе𾪻߲˼ġ
ΪΪŵӣʶ׿ţҲͼ࣬ȻΪôһСС˵ĳɾͶе˼顣
Ҳ֪ʳҩ߿аħֶľ磬಻ͬ
νҩֶʳҩô⣬ĵҩҲ̺ʣЩʣ۵öˣǴ󶾡
һЩаħֶΣͣҵٻߺǹаǵŭԹ׷ɱΧ
Щ֣ļѣǰڽԽ죬ǱҲԽС
ͺñݴӪУгˣ⾳ϾͨĽʿʵϣǵѧʶǻۣͣ³ˣкܶõҩطʹͣǿаѹģˣȻܹǿһʱȴҲʧȥ˼ǱֻΪӹµˡ
ʱ˿Ҳ鵤ط͵αţ츳ѣܹΪãӵ츳ʵţǽȻͬġ
Щ׷˲ȴޱȡ
ҲãԴӵʵǶԸ練ƣҪľ¶ʦҲýҪƾ಻Ҫ鷳ҪԸضҪҸᣬ֪ɴ¡
˵ؿ˿ܣ˵
Ƕúš


103 ժȡ
ʦ֣˵ɣء˹ȥ˵
Ǹô
ȻֵһᣬվǴ죬ңϴҵƿ֮أҪ£ӦȵӪǾò
翴˿ԼͬʦʦãֳΪʦ֣гȡ
ʦܣעӪΪӪͳضõãϮпܣᱻڳĽ֮Уƿ򣬶ǲ٣кܴ
û⣬ݴӪȻز죬Ҳûж׽٣ʹֶΣֱֵ̽ŵ˵
˵ͷֿͨʦܣ취ͨӪֵվ١
ͨӪֵվ٣ͨɫ΢Ҫÿһճ˵ȣ֪Ӫ

ʦ֣أʵ
ʦãֻҪҴ̽ӪĵפͿˣǣһҪ֪ǳսʱûдȡ÷ӹһ˿ɵ˶Ϊŵӣ䣬ض޵УʵҲԿһţʵǳǿĵţиܹɽŻѪ֮һЩרԸˣ
˳ĬȻҲ֪Բ顣
ľУȷһЩڣרԸԸŵӵģҲŵ⡣
ż̳Զ̫ϵͳһͳ죬ָָͥԶʱ̫ʱĻԻͣؽɹ£棬רϽƸɣţ
ܲΪʦܱ𣬾Ϳ⼸ˣþһ¶ģʱҶҪܾĥοʦ֮飡ĬƬ̣˵
ʦֻ֣˶ʦֵķɽˣʬ᲻ᡭ⻰ɫ΢Щɵʵ
κλˣҵʦԲɣڤڤ֮УںԼصһУģĸӦص£׼ȷ
˵
ԴӼʦܵķɽ֮󣬾ֱʦѾҲѾϣģӡ֤ҵĸӦҲãҪҵʱֹʦȥ½Ͳᷢˣصɽ֮ʦ˼ϱչɡ
˵ţ¶˱ݵ飬ȴԽᶨȻԼֱ֪κλ룬ֻǾˮ£ɿĶ
죬ѲӾӪලѾȫͶӪľ֮С
һŵӣҲ޶·Ӵ˳һ㡣
ˣﶼǳֻǱǰ
Դӽӷϣѳ۵ķɽչ¶װģһ˫ĳԹѾ¡
ǣ˫ûлֵİգ㶯֣Ҳ̨棬ĻңڣŽǺĬ̲׼һʱ䡣
ӣ󽫾ǰоʡ
һ峿ոͼ߽Ӫʣһ¡
Ŷ󽫾ңɫüУߣȥоʡ
յ蹦Ͳоʣݵ΢ԶſһվȴͨҲãֱƿű˽ȥ
󽫾
ţˡеı飬żɽصһ׮СĹͣȥժȡ
Ŷʲôͣһʵ
ղųӪʮ⣬СǰӪˣһȥҰǽˡ
ĩ΢֪ԼĻᵽˡ
ʲôˣʲôӪëƤ飡Ҳ˵ЩͲǹͣԶ󽫾ǴӪҪҪ˭˵㣿СȣҲ⣬ն׼ĹͻҲܿɹۡ
֪ǾлܹѫҪţоӪ飬ȫԲᣬӰ첻ȫ֣Ҳɳ񣬰ǰӪĵоȫߡ
ȻôЩģȴʵʵڵĹ͡
ֹͣΪˣն׳书֮ӬӪ飬ŷö࣬˭Ҳë
Ķͳÿԡ顱һڹ˽йûʵ˵
СȷˣѵҪţƺˣֻߣվȨͼ
ӹһ˿˼
ˣЩʱö룬ҪģȶԸˣҳԲ磬ֻҪҲԲʦСǿƣҲ޷װڲˡ
֪è壬֪ԼС˼Ҳûƴǣ̷ʣʮɱӪ


104 
ˣǰֵ顣
Ӫ⣬žѰһȺǰӪ˳ټܿͷ˵顣
Ϊ˰εĹøɷѿĵóԶԶ׷ǣɳԹĪļٱϮӵжӲ˹ȥ
ǰ̽С˸û뵽һ֧ϧţɱֱǡ
ҵˣöΣֱӳǡ
սвĥѪ̲ס

ݣݣ
µҾ˷ܵش
ǷɿΣȡչ档
ЩȻΪںгˣ⾳֮ͨ䣬ȴվտһʦҪóս
ȴҵרԵʣһʦֻȭŵ򶷣ȫ书ǿ壬д裬սḻҲǺͬʦսЩþսѧãǽ棬䣬ָս󹦷򣬶һ㶼¾з䣬Χɱ󽫣ֳºɵΪ֮Ծ
ֻ˳һң·ϳǵĺºڼףֻӴûһͱ½һͰϡ
Щ˵ƥٶȺԶԶȲ֮£ֻθ翹еͶǹʯָĹŹ
Ц˰оʽǹһ㣬׼ٵش˼ˡ
ʣµûǰŰܣЩԶԶǵŰΧ
ʱһͿŲʻ棬㣬߸ݵ˳ŭ𣬷һͷˮ
˵ʲôüߵ
ش˵Ļ˶࣬ʤ֮䡣һԵϸֱһ󣬲мЦ
Ҵ£ʲôʤ֮˵
Ҳ̲סЦ
˷ЦԽŭ
ˣһԲѷսѵ
˵ʲôΪذ˰֣ȴ˭˵ĵҸսң;˵ţܣǵǰʲô·ÿǹӦսĴ㡣
ˣαȺģ˵׷ȰҪǵļղˣҲ̲סԼ죬˺͵нʲôʧҪֵԼͷϣ
ǲ֪էȫޣʱҪȻ˭ΪֻŴĹүû汾¡
߲ٵҲˣǴӵнӽصΪ֪ոǿʿȴ롣
ڣӦ˵սߵﶼ̲סɫ
ˣαЩˣ
ǧ֮ӣã˼
Ȱʱ˵ͻȻ¶һ˿թ̵Ц⣬ӰΧȦ˳
ٶ죬·еıһ㣬ޱȵݣ壬˼عһһţžžžžµĴ𣬷·ȫĹε𵴣ڽӽʱչ
˵ϻĵˣܶ඼壬һֵʹֵЧ£Ҳȫݵڼǳ˼ʶ̾һȻ̲סΪ˵ļҺ˲ʡ
νѾΧȦУΨһľƷԼûʲôĹӸȻͶĻᣬ˲תơ
õĻ²ЮԼȥƽ޹ʵػһܵľ
ͳ죬Ǻüʶ
ˣСģ
⧲ŭض󣬶ˣҲԥشϣֱӳȥͼΣ֮ǰԼ
ȻʱͻȻ֮䣬׵سˡ
ˣͨ
еﻹҪѸ٣תһٽššššĴأͬʱ򿪡
ʱѪתϢȣ˾ͺȼĻҩͰҵը
оˣһҶֳȵϢ˵Ǳľ壬ݺݵһ£ҵĳˡ
ֻȭѣ
һ
ʮ깦ǧپʲô
˺ӵ
ӰͨšĹЧ˲ﵽ˿ֲʱ䣬ޱȵһȭײǰ컹ûзӦЦɣ·ıѾóһ㣬ȴߵķһ˳ȥ
žžžžž
߹Ǽ䣬˲ѵĿţսϵǧѹһѪģò顣
͵ȭ
Щžһֻо̣ѪΪ֮һˣͷ·Ҫˡ
˲ɵðԾ翴һͷιޡ
Ҳȷڵ̶ȣҲһЩԣħ֮࣬˶Զ
ȻԶԶԽ֮Ʒ伫£


105 ˽

ƺӵЦأ۾ûкϾѾ˷׷׷񣬲ҪƵĳ
ȴ׼Ųæز˺

ԣﳤ
Ӻ壬ͽħȣƣ˲ĸ֣װľ
Ѿעŵ˵ķˣʱ꣬׷ʧȥǣǰˣܼļ֮£˷׷ˣ£·޼ֵĲݽ档
ܿ죬ⳡսͽˣǸɾʰо֣ʧȥֿץ
ˣսɱʮˣ²ˣɻսʮƥʮ˷ݣûһӵﳤǰ
֪ˣҰѷ²ͳͳ˵ʮն׼شӪһӣ˵
ˣȻͳرľһ㣬Щ˶ǸԷ֯սʿΪ˴̽ҲʵǰӪ
ʱһˣرЩ˵ĵϸ
ˣҲʲʲôҪľ飬ǴŵĻȥſսʱɡ˵
֪Ȼսûд죬һҲҪʱʱ̽ľ飬Щ򣬾ǵоĶĿץסЩĿû̫壬ǣиĳǰôɱɱꡣ
οӾģЩ飬Ȥ
ǣˡ
طץķ²ʵ׼ԼɻսתӪ
ļ죬УӪľѲΣϵջս
Щսۣȫȴ˾ȵԺԼеЩ㵡
ݴӪһ£Ѿնʮ²ʮˣңֵӢսҲٵصõһЩɢսü˱Ϊﳤ
ʱеظܵˣŷ
ľҪһ˽ͽְͽְǰ;ˣȫƿУ
ȫ£ʿױʵȣҲܹԶӰ죬ֲҪذߵϴΪҾҾ֮ʵ
֪ܵСأõԼһȽȽҫǣͷ񲻿ɵ
ȫţİżȥ꣬ԼͿԻܵ㹻ľƽӴ̤ףɾһηĴ棡
˶û뵽ǣʱѾЩңɼĿ꣬Щ˵Ѿ֮
ˣвԽԽѾԼоҪԼˡ
һַǳĸо·֮䣬һεǣ˵ĵ⣬׵չֵǰ
ɵԽԽʢʵʣâڱʹЩʱ֪ԷѾϣҪˡ
Ⲣ۲£ֻ񣬶֮޽ӽԲѪޱУһ˿һ٣أӲĸӦٽڤڤ֮УεɱϢ͸¶׽
һֱĸӦӿԺУ·޾ϸȫָơ
δȾ
ڶʦֱҲʶǿһֱ֡
ݴʦؾ޳ɷҲԺ֮УĪʶйء
һգ糣ս
ˣôֻôˣ
ֻжʮֵʵ
۱ɱ飬ҲģЩ죬սҪ㾫µľǺ˽սٵĿ
ˣЩ죬սȥ·߶ǴͬС죬ҪգѾָơ
ôٵУܲȫ
ɬص
ȻֱӶ˵㲻ǵĶ֣潻սĻɣ٣ǹ˼ӣҳϣֲ塣
ЩǷʳ鵤ǿʦȻʶߣΪҲңҲлᲽϳˣΪʦɱսһɱеı죬ľо񣬸һʮҪ˵ͨıԪʦȱ澳Բ֣ǣҪ˱ᣬʮˣҲܹóġ
ô˲֮ЦЦ͵
οսɱУдȫֻͬҪʮþսİսʦ۾繦ǳֳ־˾սսܷʮٱսҲ֮ˣ֪ľˣΣҲԻɱңֻҪߵĻŴƵġ󡯣ʿǰп޵ԣ̫໤ԣǲ׳ֵġ
ҵģߴŵĻ̫࣬ˣٳٲ
ӣҪô˵ʱ֮䣬Ĵ㡣
һж׼ȫʱ˽ˡ


106 䲻ݷ
ϣɣ
һ޼ʵϻԭҰϣʮɱ۳ҡ
ʮԼӪ
Щӣսɱ˳Ѿа֮࣬ҲжˣȡȫԪ޽ӽʮأԲ֮
ʱŷ֣ϻĵˣɱ֮ѪȻԶԶһҪǿ
ݴϻˣǴ壬Զʱᣬӵħ֮
ߴ䣬ȻҲûдĲǣȴ츳ӵǿ޳ϢʦҲضãЩˣƾӵǧȺʮԲʦ
һЩ֮еͷ죬ʿ֮󣬻ͻȻѣȻӵֲ˼ݹŵأ˵ͨǿء
Щ죬ȡ˲ʿľȻǵľһʦǿ󣬶Ҿ֮ĪǣǴ˵֮е
ϣ˼
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ҲЩûаװ˷ѣ蹵ƿһ죬ڻܵľ㹻㽫Ϊһͻơ
ϵĽЩ죬ӪľӪҲЧ
ϤӪʿѾζͳóϷȫ¾Ĺ
һжΪǺصʦǱʱпܸһﵽʮأʱʲôҪɻڴͷˡ
ǼõЧҶ
СѲϻģҲʱ򣬸øĻͥЧˡ
ˣѾʱˣͣϢһ°ɡһ˵
ҲãͣϢһ󡣡ֵ
µг˾ʦҪ˵һ粻ͣЪһ죬Ҳܼʱս
ƥʦûʦһǿǾݴӵһ˿ԶѪġԡӪľսҲҪʱιˮҪȻһˣ޷չƣսɱС
ܿ죬һСԱͣ£Ϣ֮װˮ׼ٶȳ
ʱͻȻ֮䣬һӳ˵
ʲô˲ɵһ
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ˣô죿æʵ
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Ӧ
ܿ죬ʮֻʣˣЩʣµʱߵĻײ뿪Ҳû֧ǡ
һ·ۣܿ죬һʯĻĵأϢĵطԼжʮʮѾӰˡ
ʯĵصʱͻȻ֮䣬Ӱǰ
䣡
ʿʿʿô
ӰȻǽͨˣǵ֮Ϊ˳ֵһ
ˣҲ֪ǷڸټûСһ㣬磬ȥǣ
ͨˣϵݣǲѲʹ쵴ɽڣŵӣϻڼ䣬һְ커£гȻĵλȨ
Ѳʹƽʱнʿսֻڹؼʱ򣬳ְӣҪְǶԸϳˣﵽԲķޣħ
Ҳɴ˻նħĹ£ϣصдһʣõɷŵĸֽ˵á
ΪڸټʾֳΡ
ˣǹֹ֣
ǣˡЩɻ󣬵˵γС죬
;ȵؿͨˣ˹
ȴش£ȥ
ʮʮʮʮʮ
˫֮ľ룬ԽԽӽ
ʱͻȻ֮䣬ףͶӭ˳ˡ
Ҿѧ似ħȭħ̽צ
ͨţ


107 
ħ̽צ
һ
žѧһǾشרڿ˵ʤޱײе⹦ʽһţǴ̻ؽ𹺵ãԴŵתѪǿսķţڹ
һһ⣬ͬʱãһ̽צٶȿ쵽˼㣬Ҳҵ˼㡣
˵ħȭһʹȫôʮ깦ǧپȫһټϰãѾӵа깦ĴԲȫһ
ټϣȻ֮䣬ʹɱ֣ȫû˿Ԥס
Ҫ˵ˣߵͨвԶҲȫû뵽
˭ţˣ־ѣһԲͻɱԼӪ䣿
ôˣ÷ӣ̬ħͷʲôĴݶΪ
ȻЦƣ·Ҫ˵ЩʲôֻЦѾŤޱȵʹֻ࣬ţͷǶߴʦõļУţضʧȥɫеһУҰ
ͨһѪֳܵȥ
δȾ޳֪
Ϊ˫߽ҲҪһ䳡滰Ҫȴû뵽ֱӾͶˡ
һ֣ʯ쾪У
ŹЦݣֻ£Լôģ֪
ĶԶԶûн
ݺݵһ˦֣ͳһѪ⣬;ֱͨŷȥ
žһ
ɺѪһ˦ɢɽ
з·`һѪһը
ɫһͻȻ޲԰ף԰ף԰ȥ·ȫеԪѪ۵ȭͷϣֱۣǴһȦܲѪ𣬷·ŭĲ
һ
һּһ
ԡħ̽צַץƽ֮󣬺֮䣬ȫԪͻָ˹ӯ
ʱͨȴ׶񣬺ģɵˣʶһƫͷҪܿͶѪ⣬ӭһεͻ
Ȼټ⧲ֵܹͨ
أصһȭϣ˶ڿշ𣬷ɳʮԶ
ͨͷ­򱬣ǣͷѣݿѪµ˳
ϣһĨĺΣȵѪ𵴣ɵԪңգ֮䣬һ˿αʧѹ
صСУģӿ
䣡
ܿ죬ȵԪһγϡ

һĨս֪ʱѾȻʣĹâ۵ѩ
һƣһзԵס
ȫһȴڷȻûзӦ
ΣΣֻһ԰Ԩܹǹ룬ˮ֣ٲֻܼǿϧûı죬ֻһ£ȵսʱһžѧѾá
磬ͺֻڲ֮䣬״ֵ̬ȫһ
ɴ۾зĸһĹ¶壬ŭָӵ޷ȥ
пһĻȫˡ
̶̼ʱ䣬ɱˣɴ䣬˷ָ
Ͼһ˲ڻеĴ˳ǣ򣬳˳
һУͺһڸ¥֮£ͻȻ֮䣬¥ҷӴ¥̻Ϊ棬ͻȻ˼㣬Ҳ㤵˼㡣
ʵ̫죬̫ˡ

춯صŭʮ֮
ŭĿԲɣſµƣ
ȻҲڣ
ӹһ˿졣
ʵһʼ͸ӦǱڸȴƾͼƣ֪
ķӦֵʱ͸о˲һԾٶȣڵķ
Ķܿ죬ڽͨ˺޷£ɱǣ֮Уûһֵܹͷ
һͷֻһͷҲԵֵһУڱɱѼһ㣬ɱ
ɱѼҲûô죬ֱֻСոӲݣ
ѼҪɱˣһʱûץҲǻܵġ
Уŭ˼£Ҳʹ˼㣬һУ
ǧ㣬û㵽ȻѴŴģһͶɱˡ
㾹ȻɱǣɱǣҪʬΣŭ
ŷĴЦٵˣ
ϣѾɳضֻľǽͨ˵ľɱˣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȡڽ塣
ܹԸоԼ壬·һͰޱȵˮУ·ƤѪ⣬ҪóȣѪҲ÷
޾·𵴡
˵ƽºůһȪСϪЩͺǽй飬Ų赲ƣҵس
СҲ޷ɾˣº͵ůȫû
Ҳʱ̣ϣĹԼʮؿ޷ӵƿڿʼɶֻо֮Уſ񱩶͵Ԫһǣǣݺݱը
ʮ깦ƿڱˣ


108 ʮأԲ֮
֣ɱɱͨٵɱ˲Ϣ֮䣬ˣ綼Ԯһľٶ˵ʵϣֻ˶̶̼ʱ䡣
̶̼ʱ䣬˾ͳǺεȵӴ
ʱƿڲڡ
Ĺʼǣʮ꣬ʮһ꣬ʮꡭԽԽĹг֡
ˣǿľ
һߺˣһ߸ųľаԾϲ
ͨˣǺͳһ㣬ض壬ӽʮصȡ۵ľǧʱȡ˵ľ൱ǧ
ƽʱһȡôྫ嶼ҪűˣǿҲգʱǣԪԶԶǿڹȥﵽǧپ֮ޣǧûгܳܵļޡ
Ҳ𽥲˰һøྫµĴѪţݺתʱͰѱǿѹȥ
оںϣ
䣡
䣡
дȣݺݴ߶ľתΪԼѪ⾫ԪһеʱһӴḷ̌
˺رԪ޳Ԫӵ˱̣¶ı죬ԪȱĹԪйһֱûгֹ״
˿̣Ԫʵ̫ӴˣӴ޷Ԧĵزǳµƣʱɢ
ɲǼ䣬ԲʮﵽгϣܹܵѪ⡭ԾѪԪ֣Ϊеĸ֣𾪣Լͬͬһ
ǿʯĵصݴӪ
ڣһĶĴ󽫾Ҳɵžһϣ۾סķ
ȥ磬ҲͻȻ֮䣬ײһǽһεǿ˳ȥ
оˣһɻȻɣԲȱʮȫʮ̣ųḷ̌ϡ
һʮԲʦôǰˣ
ԲȻﵽԲôܣ
һڵϣ񷢷Ĺţһ㣬Ŵ˫ͨ죬ŵؿȫ̳
΢Բķ룡
У𾪡
ķˣȻܹʮƿﵽԲ
ⲻܣһǿŵҩаŰѹΪʣôܻﵽԲ
ǳأʮ깦ͺʮأʮϹ𲻴󣬵ʵϣأ֮
ԭΪֻһҩаŰѹΪ޴ˣǰڱֵپžޣҲ޷еűȼ磬ڣž㵵𣬷磬ҩаŻҪټܹЩҩаɵʣټ
ʵͱŵҪѵö࣬ǲǲ˰޴ֶΣд֮ˣĻԼ²ôǳ޴
ľٶͿԿԤıҪɱԼһȺˡ
˵ûԤıҲš
һ㣬УͻȻӿһ˿⣬ǰǸͷ̳꣬·ͻȻ֮䣬ɲ
ͻƿﵽʮأ
зȫͬޱ˷ܣȣɢĿȾ
һݵ⣬ɾֱָ񷡣
Ӵ֮Ҿ֣۷壡֮ﶼȥã࣬ȴȫκˣ࣬ŷһеĴڣѾѹͷϵĴɽѳɣڲ躹ޣūˡ
ʯĵϿգϢóʿԶͿԷ֣ϢԴԴ޾̴һ㣬ⷢɢžʹʯĵضһޱӴڸ
ֱӦˡƱɫݡ
ⲪԪѹ֣ȫͷ֮£ҲӰһˣԲʮԿ
ƣԶԶǺʮµ磬ܹᲢ۵ġ
ԭĹѾﵽ޵ǧپһͻǧٴأǵǧϣٴκݺݵǴʮȦͺǱ֮£ַĵĻԭӿԪޱӴ󣬵ҲԼԦ
͵ѧ֪꣬Բѧû˿ҡ
ʥ죬©ȱ
شġʼݺݵش߶ڵԪ


109 ȼ
ͺ֮ϣַģóȻ½أӴԪ޷й롣
뵽Ϲʥˮķ²裬֮䣬ݺݵش߶ԪʹǰԼ⣬ת
ԪԽԽ졣
еĺƣҲԽԽŨңͬӿƺˡ
ʲô
ͻȻһָվ
˳ָķȥɵõһ
Ǵ˵ḷ̌˸ոսԲʦѾõľ԰ѳ֣ǿĻǴ˵ľ־û֮ľ飬ĹѪĴСЩй
Ϊʲô˵ľģ
ô֪
ˣڴͻԲĹؼʱֻ̣ҪӵеȹӴǴӪֶһλԲ֣עⱣˣǧˣ
ԣˣ
Լоˣһǳؼʱ̣ͻԲ̳ȫԪĻңǿʱ̣Сʱ̡
ɣɾԲʦ˾磬ϵλ
ܣըϣһңա
֪жʦɰ˥ķֲ·ϣֵ
ʱʦҪģҸû˴ŵİȫطеľɢҪȻȫɢ֮䣬˥ߣɿݶ
ʦȹʮ֮ϾҪӭһ顣
飬˵ʵΣգΪ챦ӵСԴԴϵӿʹ㹻黯һһʳںϣҲܰеԪչ鼺
ǣһû˴ŵİȫطڱչʯĵأԵ֮ʱ
ƶʱϾ״Ǻ޷֮
çײ֮ս֮ʱԤϵˣԼɱˣȡɵĺԤϵԼǿУǿͻƵΣʱ̣ԣʹҲͨľ
ЩȻûʧܿͿƣᶨƵվǰסȥ·
Сӣͻ֮ʱȻ˺ƴƣҪеǻˣҲľ󣬲ɵõһжɵԽԽʢ
ҲԲʦΪˣôῴǿиɵĴʱڣ
ҪղһĺɱȥһоܰУ
ǣ񣬼ʹǿ磬Ҳ޷ȫӡ
ǾȽǰɡӹһĨɱ⣬ȰɱʵٶҲֻ˷ָʱѡ
ʱһޱΣյľѶͻȻг֡
ãΣգƤ

Ű׹⣬ž޴ĺХƿն
ʯ֮䣬һˣӰʯĵϻζʮԶſͣ¡
䣡
תۼ䣬ղվĵطʮӣ׹⣬߷裬ը
ŷ
ӣ
ղųֵЩ׹⣬ȻŷӣһзǳҲǷǳʵõһԷͶȥܲը޴׵ͻзˣըУֻзһ³Ǻʮ۷壬Բ֣ҲԳܡ
ΪַʿȡĵرʩչƵģԿ൱ںʿһԿ
֮Ī⣬һҲǷ˿Գܵġ
˭ըңɫһ˿ȥ֣һʦŰһԼǰӣŰ׹⣬Ʒ
ʦȻŷʯһ㣬Ͷƺըֻ
ˣλῴԷͼʱŭȴòԶԶܹöӣʹˣǱĻҳ˸ͷɱΪС
ˡʦ֮󣬺ܿ˻
̳ɢȥ¶ݣȻǲ
ƥİǡѩ
ϣɣ
ϤףͨԵġѩ˻·ںк
ԭ֪ԲʦĸӦһ˿⣬ܸӦгʦ޷ڸûЧԲŰڱ𴦣̳Ѹٸ
ԡѩĽ˲ϢɣХսֱ練ƣʹʵ㣬ֻܷӳٶȣҪȼݣҲ´ࡣ
ҲͨľǾ¶ǿʱ̣жǿֻҪûдﵽ쾳磬һս֮Ȼᱻ˲ɱ
Ȼһ㣬ʱ˹ϻҲҪɵķ´ͣ죬רԸħŵӵǿҪ˵гʦͨʿ䣬ͶҲͬ֮˼ɵ
Ϊױ죬ӡţԵ죬Ȼһֻܴʮöˣ´ࡣ
ң󣬲ѸٴĴУͳһ󣬲ߣγ˻ơ
ͨڣ˰ɫķ·ȻǱӻҪħŵӿ־һ


110 ʶƬ
һŷֻон죬ٴսʱ죬ʹ֮󣬾ҪϹ黹ŷ
ŷֻͬʹһεӣֻҪʦңܷ֮Ĺר꣬ʿУҲҪԪˡ
ң֡󡱷ļ޼ʤд֪жٷħŵӣ£Ŀ
ľƷȻ취˽ã˳ɼЩ̣׼ûа׷ѣһó˫ƣ̴䣬ȫת˹ԭԳ֮ΣɱڣȴҪСĽ䱸˿
ǾȻҰҲ˳ݴӪֻһôܰ˲ɣ
翴ľٶװķ𾪡
úãΪһ
ľŭ෴ȴһ飬ɶһ˿
֪ԼڿڳЩע⣬ھԪˡ
İɴˣҲһġ΢΢ĿȴᶨƣҲ֮
˵䣬ӻͳӣַͬʱֳ֡󡱣磬ʱˡ
ƣֱиɻ֮ܣôģҲֻؿԥԪӴľӱشӿԴԴϣ
һĻ澰ǰ
ֻܲڳУι״ޣħ¶
Щޣħе棬еĽǣҺ֣еβеββС΢ɽӴƷӿ䣬ʱʱ֡
֮⣬һЩߴɽ֦Ѿïĸ֮ľһĸƼҲ̾ɽӵĸ٣һĻ䡣
һЩӣ·Զԭʼͷۣüۣɽ׳еı˫е̬ǧŰٹ֡
ɽ£ֺǿգ磬Х˷ϫؼĸۡ
ޣ滨ݣʿ󡭡
ȫ¶֡
ҵḷ̌Ȼӵģ
ͻȻ֣ǰһĻƺʶ
ˣС
ѵԺе⣬ճǵѪľǵ壿
Լһмʶ֪ѧľһõĶɿţЩԴЩԼԺ֮е⹴ճģ˳ת䣬ԻΪ״
ͻȻ䣬أʯĵصͻȻ仯
֪ӺζһųĻ⣬ľ̡
ƣ
Ĵ𣬳ҵȼ
Ի˵Ժٵ״̬ݻļ󣡡
Բ֮Եǹͨأ컯֮
ǵ˵ԪҲһ֣֮ңͣȡʵԪΪͣ䡭ЩԪΪʦʮأԲ֮ʱ򣬾̳𣬹ͨأ¶ı仯
ҵԪԭԣ
ǰơһĻʯ֮䣬ͻȻԺ֮Уųôһͷ
ָоͺ񵱳ʹ÷ӡŰʶһ㣬ԭ֪ĶԴƳһʶԼľ־С
أƣ񡱵һһųĻ棬ͺơһʵϣûƵĹȫǿԪ֮ͨ仯
Ҵ֪£ģ
æӣͻȻ㵵ط֣ССƺַһЩ仯
ԭ߸߶ȵСȻٶȰθߣӽһɣů֪׳˶ٱԴԴϵ֮С
Ϊǣ֮УһЩصİɫš
Щ
Ȼ¶ȣһͷЩţ
Ȼ鷢ˣЩڽѪ֮УȻһ죬·ĭѣ䣬飬ӿ˳
쵴ɽ
ڣ
ˣ
Ѳʹ
ǸˣһֱԣҪҲڻôԩǮ
ǳ۵
ڣţ֦ͬһе̫ϽţҲ˵ĳԱӦͬϻĵΰҵ

ѽȷǷųõķɽֻǲ֮ҾͲˡ
ȻǵϪĿˣ
Ӹ˶ʦ֣ţȻѷɽõǰǣ
ʦ֣С˵ʲô
ûʲôֻڿҫԼʮߣ˺ع澳ӵʮ깦
ֲô⣬һΪжͣʮضѡ
ԺУ·է֣
¡¡
ʱ䣬綼Ȼ䣬飬ʱΪһһʶƬʶУʶʱ׳׳ͬʱҲо־ҡ·ǧֻһ㣬Щ㱺ģ


111 ǧپ
ЩǱҾȡ֮һȡʶҲܹȡǵľܶȡǵļ䣬飿
˲Ϣ֮䣬ͨԼСԭ;еĹЧǰԼʵ̫ͣʶҲ΢ֱ֮ʮأǣʶɱ䣬ŸӦЩʶĴڣӶںϡ
ǣЩʶʵ̫ӣ̫ˣóȻںϣؽ״
Ȼ⼸ŵӵʶƬУ̺ʶһãԼʶУӾ飬֪ʶ䣬֪ţϾʶ飬̺൱кġ
ͺȻʣҲȥȴˮ
ȫѹбԪҹλͷʧ
͵һҧϣݺѹеıԪͬʱޱȹնԺ֮е
񣡡񣡡񣡡񣡡
һһŵİ׹⣬Ժ֮бըڣֻһЩ䣬ںϽʶ֮С
ֹƬ̣ڵԪСԴԴӿůƽȡ
Ĺڲȵͣǧپ
ǧپ
ǰʮĹ
˳ɱŵӣƽʮһ깦ﵽʮˮƽͻ֮ǰͻƵƿΪԲʦ侪ϲǣȻСһЧȻʶռ䣡
ľһ㣬ѱ˻ۣȡᣬΪУ飬м䡭ЩǸӱĲƸܣ̺УֵʮĹҪ
һ֮䣬ͻȻӵ˾޴ջﻹвģֱ֮
磡
ڣͻƵлعޱȾضס硣
·оգҪ
ɾԲ֮ƾȻ֮ʲôаħĹǷʳʲôĵرɶ񣬾ȻҲ͸ˣɱ˶ʦܣʦܣʦܣСʦáһҪдӣΪʦʦǱ𣡡
ҲסɫúҪγˮ
УޣǾãɱʦʦãʮĹ֣ҪǱ𣿡
ĵ˵š
˲ԹţϢ·Ϊ˵ʣò˷츲صı仯
ʮԲĸ֣Ѿӵһ˿ʵĿܣǰ;ˣѾ͹ȥȻͬ
ͺǣһ̥ǣΪһˣֺԾţһֵ͵ȵ飬ɱΪһָ߹顣
뱨ǾɣڸոͻƣСʱɱҰɣ
һ˵ţһЦ
ҿԸ㣬Ѿӵ˳ʮĹֻҪһһ󣬰ѹȹϾͿԷʳ鵤߲εİط
ҳңӵ̣鵤ҩ湦ӦоСһ㣬;ͿԳɾԲҲܿóֻҪٸһᣬ̤ưأɾʹԲһ죬Ҳûпܡ
ʱҪ𣬿ɾûлˡ
Ļ֮Уţ·˵һޱȷɵ顣
Ҳȷڵ磬Ϊ䣬һ䡰ǰ;Ѿ޷ݡ
ڵʱп̤ưأɾʹԲ
ܳݣλΣܹһˣضܵĿغ鵤ҩ湦ӦоС
˵ҪǱȻǴ޷赲ơ
ûл᣿
ĻͫףͻȻһ
㾹Ȼ˵ûл᣿
ˣΪɾԲͿԸˣʵ̫Сˣ磬ǺԲ۷ʦӵа깦ոսԲı˿ɱȵģ
ߣɣˣѾˣˣ֪𣡡
ߵشЦޱȿֲϢ¶
䣡
з·𷢳һƵӴԪԴԴϵشӿ
޷ݵһأҪ
磬ԲϣɲʦһȫͷԼȫԪңӿȣֱǿᵽ˼㡣
̶Ϣ֮䣬ḷ̌ѹһͷգӻ谵
ͲгΪǿѹЩѡ
ȻſеԪ
ãʦȫͷԪǰǿ󣬼ʱ̣Ҳǿʱ̣Ҫϧۣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ɱͳˡ
ͳΣˡ
ɫ䣬һУҪ֡
Ƕ£
ʱһȣֹסǡ
ҪԳ֣Ը
˵䣬ѾһԾ֮䣬Խɣ˵ǰ


112 һ
ԼҪǿĶ֣Ȼȶ֣Ӽֱ˼㡣
Ĵ󵨣çײ̡
ͨţ
˵֮ǰѾͨѨ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǣĴӳ
ȫһȭȻ
ȭͷ·Ѫľ޴һ㣬Ȧдǣѵҵȭ磬Ȼѿͱˡ
Ю֮ƣ̶֮£
Ԫ
ӹһ˿𾪣룬һơ
һȭһƣҵײһ
䣡
޴𵴣ֻоֱһ飬ľ޴ԴԴϵس
ŵŵţдŲŵ飬˼һӿϺһ˿Ѫ˳
ڷǵĹͨţıȫһ֮£Ȼ˲ͱˣˡ
ǿ
𾪡
ҪҸղ˽ͨ˵ľͻԲ磬ֻһƣѾˡ
ֻһƣеظܵˣʵ
ȻǼ򵥵ԲǰϣԲ֮Уӵиǿʵ
ңҲͷеԪֱ̣ǿʱҿо޴۾̶ȣȴԶԶ
ټϣҸոͻƾ磬ھãҲϤ
Ҳǵ֮ϵ粢öԸҪԸͨһһнɱֱ쿪
֮Ȼһ̤صضڵϣһٴǰȥ
ͨţ
ͣס͵һ壬ٴǰʱСһůӿƣһɨա
ӿȵһӿ֡
䣡
һȭٴӣݺݵغһ
һģһȫһģһĶԺ䣬ǣȴѽȻͬ
磬ͬʱһԪ˲Ϣ֮䣬ΪС
ˣ
׼ǰֳ֡󡱣ʱ׼֧ԮĲһĻɵýŲһ٣ʱͣӿ𾪡
˾Ȼˣ
˵ʵ˿ڶԷ
ǲ֪챦ܹ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȫָٴηȫһԺ˵һ֮󣬵ǵڶУȴѾܹ⣬á
ץסģȫһƣϣδĿ϶֮䣬ޱȣٸߣʵǿҲ޷ڶʱھͻָ
ٴӱ濴˫֮ʵ޼ȫƽɫı֡
Χס
Щˣʱ㡣
ĹǲңܹжƣѡõΣϾͷֿΧס磬񣬰ڳʱҪƣϢʱΪ֮һ
ЩˣǱлҪã
ȴϲ⡣
Ը磬ԭûдòæֻ󣬵ȴû뵽˵ľٶʱΪѹյһݣ磬Ա۷ʵ
̾Ϳ״̬Ѿʺսȥˡ
ڣͨţ
Ȼ֮䣬ҧ⣬һԪסޱغȻ
Ժ֮У·ʲôݺݳȡʱǰһڣԣֱ·ȫľ񣬶һ֮У籡
ͨţ
һŴѪǱϷţתδϰ˸ؼλѨ˲䱬ƽʱ˵ʤ
ⲿһΪؾ磬еһؾǡšʽͨѨĻ
ͨڶءšܹӶսʣﵽǿò˼顣
ͨءšս
ͨءšıս
ͨءš屶ս
һֱߣţţη߱սٵڰţͨţӰ˱սһﵽ˴֮ȫѨͨԪУɴڣѪӾС
ͨѨ칦ͨڶءšӶսıͨءšսǾűһֱͨڰءšӰ˱սģﵽֲʮı
˱սʮıģǺεȳ̶ȵײУ
Ȼֻͨһ˲ľѸٷգΪ˱ȫܰذȫԪѪɴͨšķֹͣôһ˲޷ǿ
ȭ֮ɳʯɷƾƷ磬紵ҡҡ׹۾Ҳ޷ʱ޷֮һȭɣɳʮ֮Զصײһ鷿ݴСʯ֮У


113 ޼Ѫ
¡
ʯѣʯ׷ɣѪ꣬ɷԲ龰ͺͻȻ֮䣬һȭӣѪ׷ɡ
һȭ֮˹
ȴޱѣ֪ԼͻȻѣ԰˱սġһɱ֣ҲȻ޷ɱ磬ֻ
ղŵѪܵˣӿġ
ȻĻ䱸׼һɱʱʯ˳
ţ
Ųһ٣̾Ϳ缱ٵˣ䣬ʮԶԶĿҰ񱼡
磬ȻѡӶݣ
һ˲ľϣʾͬڽ˵Ļ
ˡеؽһ
ǴԲ֣ˣǰ˵
ЩͲȻ粻ߣ۹ȴһһĶжҲ׼ȷѾ֪ͶԷ˲дԲҪʱڰ½ܳһʱڣҪùˡ
ԴԲ֮ܣһһҪ𣬼ʹǧ֮УҲȻҪʳѰ
ĵܣǼصġ
˵֮䣬εĽѾ˵ǲĳУѣӦżľǳϣȻûһ˿һĽɫȻƽ
֪ˡ˿ȻȥɣҺͲ׷͹ˣʵǰﲻʲôæġ
˵꣬ŶӶݵĵط׷ȥ
һ£æߴ١ѩϡ
磬Ѿͻ˺켫µԲʦľӸҲ֮䣬ʾΪԲֵƳѸٶȣҪԲΪոͻƵԲûȫҪתȫȫԸˡ
˵֮ܣ׷磬ǣʵʵȻͬ׷֮󣬾Ȼһһ𽥽ӽ硣
ΪѲԲ覵״̬½⵽ġһˡ
ҲĴԲ֣ǿ֧ţ΢ʦʱҪ˵ܣ¾ȫΣҲ췦ˡ
Ȼӽ챦ԴԴϵƣ׷ᣡ
ͬʱҲƾ衰ѩٶȣ׷
ܵвϢд𣬼ӿŲٷɱ
˫֮ľ룬ܿ
ǣȻ׷ᣬûΪһʱ󣬾ͷ׷ɱ෴ԽǼӿӶݣԽͥŲʼԶԶ档
ٶȣһʱ޷׷磬ȴҲӶݣܹ׷ġѩûˣòʼս档
ĿķǳԣҪľһ;ƿݣг֡
һʱȥ
ʱȥ
ʱȥ
һ׷ɱһһҹ
Ҳ֪ܳ˶ԶڣѾﵽԲ磬ӵаϹɲŵӣҲֲס
ˣͨţ
һ͵ش߶ͨţĽŲȻӿ죬ɾ룬˲
Ȼ󣬺ԥȫһƺ
׷ɱһһҹȻ
̬
ܵԼƷ磬ӹһ˿ڵ𾪡
ʵ޷⣬ΪʲôСȴƳױȣǿҲֲܹи׷ɱԼһһҹ
츳ֻߣ챦
ҲǼʶ̶֮еĽ֣ѾЩߣټһһҹȻƲϾĶǣȴԿ˵겻ɢ׷ӣôỹԼٲϵĻҪ˥ߣѶ
Ĺͷеǻۣƺ֣·ѾޱȣԼĴ
ԥһƣصغһ
䣡
ȫ飬ߵķһ㣬ɳȥ
ֻǣڵɵͬʱû˿ңӹһ˿ڵϲɫ
ȻһƵľ޴ˣת֮䣬ʮԶ
ڵ˵ͬʱ͵ҧ⡣
޼Ѫݣ
һѪ
ţ
ͻȻ֮䣬ǰһѪصһӭ汬ը
Ӱ·𻯳һ磬˲٣ת֮䣬˰֮Զ
ٶ̶̼ȻѾǧ֮⣬ֻʣһССӰ
Ȼ֮䣬٣ӦʱӰѾԶԶʧ֮⣬Ȼȫ·أʧӰǿеѪζܶ·ߣһпܱ¶εĺۼʧ


114 Ƹ
޼ѪݣȻʹ޼Ѫݣ
һĻŲһ٣ʱ֮䣬ͣ
Ȼһμʶ޼Ѫݡطȴӽ˵Ĳд֪һѪΪȼѪǱٶȵĶ
ŶŶݼ׵һ֣а֮ڣ֮УܹѧɣѧɣҲʩչ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ȼѪԶǧȻӱһʱºȴҪԪˣҲԻָߣոշҪѪ˥ܣΪ̣ûзӳЧɱЧһ
ֹ͡ƣǿȴȱݣһĹ
Ǵ˿̣һʩչ޼ѪݣͰԶԶ˦ȫӰҲǺһĹ츳ڳˣֻߣ챦ܹȼվѪľ޴𺦡
̾ףԼҪ׷磬Ѿûпܡ
ӣʱ򣬲Ҳ׷ͣ£Щɣô׷ˣ
ɫ԰ףƣ룬ȴȻ¶ܵս⣬·𲻰ɱĲݡ
׷ˡĬ
׷ˣһʱЩ֪룬ô
ҲգȻ磬ȻǣȸղǼҪһЩվֻͨŵӣûбҪжӾˣʲô
תתͷѾЩİľο
ϣܾ⣿ȻλɱͨŵӣɹʵʱȱһɣܹزѾܲˡ
˵ûԺѰ𣬸ô죿ԵЩǡ
Ѱ𣿡һЦصҪ˷绯һɳôᱻһССʦвţһѰĻǾˣ°ܽգ
ӻǴԲֶӹһ˿塣
ʱ֪ûܻɱ磬ȻⲻҪźȴûзϡ
ⲻҲţӵ԰ʱˣУѾֵһˡ
۹⣬ѾپںͶ˸ߵĲΡ
֮ҹĻ٣ͲѩһڻҰϣɫȫ֮ǰҵһʯ
ʱ򣬲Ѿﵽ˼ޣҲ˲˵ͷ˯ȴȻʮ㣬ѽͨ˵Ĵȡ˳
Ѫ
ָָһĨһξѪڽͨ˵Ĵϣڴϵ־ĨƽȻ⿪ڽߣеĶȫȡ˳ֻ֣ΪĽƱƱܹʮ
֮⣬һЩͨҩģֵ̫ߡ
ѾûжмֵĶˣµĶڳϣѾҵõֻߣǸϡ
˼
Ҳûʲôźģҵõ˵ľǵǧپӵаʮ깦ѾܲˣټǵǼ䣬飬ջ񣡡
̺Ѫ⾫ʹҵǸǿֻҪȫЩҾиһﵽԲĿܡ
ǵļ䣬飬ʹ֪ţϵļɣܹףһ죡ֻҪﵽԲ̤;ʵһ죬ϣӴԺ󣬵ҲΣﵽز̷ǣⱲҲֵˡ
ˣôȴСķӦҾҪģһãʹг֮٣ҲȻܹõãֻҲܽ赽ҵƣӴ˷ɻڴͷء
СŭҪңҲԴУ֮ǰѾԶǧ⵱ҵңɢȥ
Բʦȥѡ񣡡
Ѵһգϸֳ־Ȼɫ
ʵɱ֮ͨǰϵܹȡﵽԲ֮
ҲΪˣ磬ȸеźȻν
źûܶȡľ˷ǧνģȴѾͻƿﵽʮأԲ֮
Ĺʮ꣬ӽԲʱʮƿʱ޷ˣЩѾҪ

䣡
תҴ߶ѪʼѪ̺֮о󾡿Լľ͹̣ͬʱԺ֮еļƬϣҲϸ֣˲һ㣬ɿ췭
Щ䣬飬ĲƸ
ʦã㴩¡ɷǺÿֱŮ·
𣿷ʦ֣ûƭң
Ȼģҷɶ췢ģʦǰаԡ
ͨɽ⹦շɽΪʦذϴճɾ졣
лʦ𣡡
鱦䡷ڲ֮أϵͨҪ޳ɽϣΪ洫ӣʸϰΪʦֶʱǳԲһ㻹ģȥɡ

˵˽֮£һһԺУ
ϣʱ¶ϲãʱ¶ŭʱֱɱʹֹŹֵɫ·Ще˹ϣǵݣɫһһ¡
ɳ¡
ͬݵλͬĻͬĹ̡
֪ĶԽԽࡣ
ԼһʱȥڰЩҵļ䣬ȫȫȥȡݼһ飬ûмֵķ׷նмֵ£


115 ı
Ȼͨˣʶ䣬©ڲȱ״̬໥䣬Ȼһ˵仹Ҫá
Լ֪ҺţٸݼֻƬеʵܿͰڵ˸͸һҲûȥ׷ˣǺ磬ͨһ㣬гɳʮŵӡ
ֻϧǵݻ̫ͣûܽӴŵ飬ҳ۵ʶƬʧҵʱЩȫ˷ˡ
ЩźЩεʧġ
ãȻûԲ磬Ҳ֪ԲĵźٵõһЩ
ع澳ǰϢתΪԪľ磬ȫ£ûһ˿ǾѪĴڣޱȵĴӤƣԲűΪ澳
ʮԲǸһϣ˺һ֮ʱȫ𣬹֮ͨȡ컯ʹԪʼӵʵı仯ǵԲĹؼȻȫ
ӽͨ˵ĲƼУķţŵ֪֮Ľ֮Ȼʵ˫ر仯
ȫˮãĴԲ
Щѧǰ͵ѧĶ໥ӡ֤ԼԲﵽ۷壬аˡ
ѾԪԪﵽһ
˵ƺ̫ѵ£ΪԴС֮ͲֹһΣܹȽ֯ůǹůԼ֮У̺Ž֮
ͻȻһ
ţЩԺУйɱļ䣿ȡѪԪ뼺аħ
Щ˵ԺУȻһ˿ķʽ޳ͨ¼Ҳʦųĵ˵ַʽȻܹɾһʱǿᣬȴҪ;ĩ·ʵ;
ôʮأȫеСȡʶΪõ칦ЧϾȡ˵Ѫ⾫ڶ̶һʱڣһȫյҩ԰ūͣɳΪԲʦ
˵ļУҷǵ͵аħҪҵ˻ĥѽ£
Уʱһ˿ܿ죬һмЦ
޴
ʥԣŵϦܴһССҩ԰ִϲݽƵıūתΪʮԲʦɾͺ֮󣿵һھⱲҲֵˣҪҴһūɳΪʦĹ£ҵӢĥ𣬻ʲôɹǵģ
аħаħҵҲ£ǼˣѾȴԲﵽʮꣿ
Ϊʦᶨ־һħͳͳնɱ
һ˲䣬ľԽ⣬־ԽᶨԲľ磬֮УҲһ˿Բ覵̡
Բ磬Խ
ҹȥڳһ˹վ
ʱ򣬲ҲѣڻǰĵĻ⣬ӳӰ·һƮҡζֺ޻ӰĪ⡣
Բ֮ȫ£ԪתӯѾʼֳһ˿ȥ֮ͨٽϣԭͱС壬ӵ̥ǵʣ壬־Ѿ˸һ
ΪһǧϴǹǣҪģǼʶ۹⣬ֻۡ
ţ˵ʣøĪ
ӣһæվ
ˡɫ˵
С˲һһҹ׷ɱ磬ʵ̫ˡЩյ˵
޷˰֣˵ȻһֱˡѩǾʱ޿̲ģܹһһҹѾѵˡ
ڣѾԶݴӪ룬ôƽϢ顣
ͷȷҪģôʧٵȥ٣Ҫóһϵ̨˵ǣŲܵѯԼŵ׷
Ϊؼģҵ̬ȣ¶ģҪȫҪ˵ɱۺͽͨˣʿҲɱ˰ɱܵκ𷣣ҲĴἫΪѣпܣɱ˳żʹնɱ
ǰʱ䣬һ£ƺС㣬ң֮ĽҪݴӪϣʱ򣬼ʹС㱾˲ǿҵĿƣҲܷˣΪҪһ֧ݴӪضҪȫҳҵģԣʱ򣬱ضбڸֱӵĿֶΣεƿҡ
ӦģҶҵأҲԽԽȻΪŵӣҪҳ
򾲵˵ţ¶˳Զı


116 İ
Щ죬󽫾һֱնɱĹͷָӣȻҪ๫ӣλߵϰߣȻκ⣬ϼƻǹΪ⣬Ŵˣڣ
Ļɵó
ȻȥɣҰӪãȻһ˵ǣ͸޹ϮңѾδ䲻ɱĴѰ˵
ӣҪ뿪Ļ֮Уһ˿֮ɵЩ㵡
Ҫʱ뿪ڻȥӦʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣҪ֪ҺСķӦźþòûȥֻߣôȥ
ʵһЩܣûи߲磬ʲôӣݵλΪļӣҼūֻǵСãŴū֮ӱ
ԲļʶȻΪ߹󣬴ĻҲΪʰо֡
˲֮󣬲û̫ൣǣ˵ȥһҲãǰڻƼңⴳҲǳʮ£ܻġ
΢΢һЦûнᣬǴӴȡһЩŵӵĴУпѶķҸʮ£ڷֽдţԻ֮ߵͻּͬǱߵҲּ
ǣӣȥʲôʱӹѶʵ
ʱûȥʲôطʲôʱҵõ㴫Ϣ߽Բ֮ȻͻʱҲʲôˡ
˵رó
ȥĻпܣҺˣץıץ棬ҪһЩ鲻֮ززҪʱ򣬿Դšѩӳذϳǵңѩаǧҹǧǧ׷䣬ûܹ׷
Ԥϵһ˿ȥΣգƵİš
֪ҡҡͷᶨصҾݴӪֱӻĻҵӱܣɡηǱӡԹӲ
㲻ߣӹһ˿죬㲻ߵĻһ
СԸΪЧҪ˵һʮҲһôԤϵصСѾεˣ֮£ѿûʲôηġ
Ųʣαɵд档
֮ŷԼЩʱһУѾȫշ˲ģԹʿΪ֪һףԸЧʵڲʲôֵֵ飬ֻԼΪ֪ңʲôѡ
֪֮УѾҡ
ǽ֮ˣֻ֮΢΢ҡͷȴûǿʱҪܡ
жƺ׼ȷȥ֮ܣƱػ˾ãηǱӣڱݴӪȴʵ޹Ϯδ䲻һ¾ʹӺ˱˱ˡ
ĸĸбףȻ֪
Ȼ㶼ô˵Ǿɡ
֮˿ܣľһƬİȻݴӪѾԶ
ݴӪ⣬һطɽǣƺ˺ɽǵĸ
ͻȻ֮䣬һ
ɽǵһ޴Ļ֣ƺ͸¶رϢǽӵʦҪǰ̽ʵûȵͱһɱϢҲҵõ
׷ɱһһҹȴܴɣ֪֮Уƺ˳˵ĻԵбضдǰħŵӣаˣ벻ķա
ڵΪѰѾ壬ҲҪĿޣǲǸȥҲһջ޴󣬵ֵʮޣ
ãô죬ȥɽһˣһʱ֮һ֮֮ݵλͼ̼֮ʦʲôɹǵģһѾɾͣҲĿˣûʲôٶҡң
֪֮;ֹͷһڤ˼˲кܶĵ·ѡ
ܹԪľ֮ǰ̤ߵĲΣͿԵõԪûУҪʧ֮䡣
ֻͬʱдˣǻۣˣܹɾͷǷɵ
ȡͨ˵ľ֮󣬾ǣҰĺ͵ҲűȻǺʮأУԲ쾳磬Ѿңɼ
˲䣬¶˾ġ


117 ֮
ڶ쵽òšѩȥԼһ·Уʱ֣˴еĿĵأݴӪĺɽǡ
һͳǳأϿһĴǳزû̫𣬵ȴرء
Ǿȡ˽˵ʶںǵļ䣬֪ʶҲ֪۵ĳǳأȻרɣŵӣЪţǳء
ĵطͨ˲֪֪˽ֻеõ׼ӵͨƾˣͣ
ֻߣŵӣߵõϵʿӵݹŵߵĶ뺡
񣬲ԳȥҪĻջ񣬻ҲʹҩģʯЩ޵񣬻ֵҩصĽõǣΪһӣʮ꣬ʮӣֱﳬֵ
ɽǣΪŵ׼֮أ
Ŷ뺣ҲͨеƾĸݣԻҪõĲǾнݣ쵴ɽڵӵݡ
ԶԶųţ˼
ϣлˣۣͨ˵Ķ뺣ʱ򣬳Ůӣ˵Ķʹá
ȫ׼ó
ֹŵ֮أ˵뿪
Ȼŵʱ򣬳ͷϵʿ俴ԶԶı
쵴ɽڵӽжΪ֤С
׼Ųæȡ˽Ķ뺡
ȡļ˼УԽΪȫҽʱͨ磬֪飬ҲԶԶͨҪ࣬ðݣ˵õѡ
ԭŵӣɡ
Ȼϣɽǵ̲飬ֻжԴ˲ϸó֮󣬺ܿ˳ǡ
ɽģƺи㳡ĵطȹȥƣ̽һ
ܿ죬ֱ˺ɽУ㳡ĵطŵǽ񣬽׷ҩڣÿƺɽǵ֮ǣĳ
ʱ磬㳡ϣȺԵַǷ
ǣЩȺ໪½Ӣ䲻еʾ˵ĸе¶ɲʵֲͬһ㳣˵ȣһۿȥ֪ǲһˡ
ôĳǳأöˡ
Ȼȡ˽˵ʶ֪ŵ飬ϾǵһЩйصĶǵһμ֮ŵӣɵóһ
һȥ磬ǵŵӣ֮࣡
ȫǺϣϳ˵ĸ֡
˵յӣϳ˲ɣֻдﵽ˺رԪϵʦпܳΪŵӣŵֶΣ¶ģҪһӣôҲεϳ˰ɣ
˼⣬Լ֪ƽϢһۿֵ֮𺳡
Ҵӽǵļ֪磬ϻıĮԭĴ˽硯˽еһЩʱѷ죬ʱաͨǿգͽɽ硯
棬磬һôٵ֮½سǵƣųơ˽硯ĺġ
ɽ硯ǡ塯ǳ磡
ڴ˵еġɽ硯ֱΪ硯ΪӲġǡڱڣصڡ
෽ɣţĸһһǳþˣĽƴҲһɽŶռݵĵ󡣡
ɽУǿݺᣬħأΣվЩɵɽ֮ڣнأΣڣֻðŵӵأᵽǷ˽ˡ
Ҫ
УңԼңңңңңѩң᰼ңϼҵȵȵȵȣݹŵϺպңռݳǳأɽ壬츣أԳһɣɣ˵һɵɣ˵һ˹ȣЩɵĸ飬ǹҿ˲ţõĿݣ׵ľơ
ɽ硱Ȼޱߣ棬ڵͼ˵ȴյأϾ磬Ա֮
ԣҲֻðѵĳذᵽ
磬ϾǷ˾ס磬ڸֿǣţǷɣħħţҲ̫淲ķˣʾǸ߸ϣһķ˲мһˣƺϵĳԶԼأ
˵ļ֮УԼԼŹ֮УҲв׸ŷɱˣմȾĽɣԭΪΣȴֲֻеԺȡŵʶܽ⿪ˡ



118 Ǯ粽
Ų㳡ϣۿ
ѾǺʮԲʦڷ磬Ƶ˽ܣڵɽ磬УҲŵеٮٮߣġʦ֡ǰŵ࣬˸տʼ֮⣬ܿûʵĸо
ЩˣŵӣӵϳˣԲΪⲢǾжô㡣
һ鷲ˣߵһˣǣԶԶʤǣĳɾͣҲԶԶʤǡ
Ŀ⣬ٿˣת㳡ܣָ߸ľᦡ
ţЩᦣǸŹרʾⷨ
ܿϳЩᦣʿͨ죬רʾķ
ϣһжīָ֣ͣطۿȥת֮䣬ͿԲ鿴ԼȤĶһŷǳӰ
ɱԭħǰƥΪţһɣʯö
ħŵӣΪţɱһ˽ʯǧö
չ٣ޣÿȡʯö
չʮ黢ʯÿʯһٶʮö
չݵÿöʯö
ɽޣڵΪţɱһͷʯİö
Ķҩ԰ÿ±꣬ʯһʮö
Ʋʯö
Ʒɽʯһǧö
һʶ֮Уͨ˵䣬𽥿Щͷ
Щּ˵ÿǰɽǵķʿѡԼܼҲԺ飬ͬɣÿиԵƣ֮ǰһҪȿǡ
ˣͿֱӸϸĵص㣬֮󣬻ص㳡֮ǣפصĵȡʯҲҪ󷢲ɣɵȼ۵Ʒ
Щ񣬶巢ɣţͬϵģֻҪǱΪħˣԽȡʵ鲢ϸһЩħˣħӣ͵͵ķʦҲǳģͺǴ߾ʱйٱ˰ͨ
оâ֣û뵽ﾹȻô񣬲ɵôΪ⡣
ʱѾ֪磬׵Ľֵͬû˻⣬̺ͨʯ
Ϊߣֳʿ˵ġʳߣһеʯ̺ͬͬԴһʵĶ
ʯ̺ȿԵƽʱʳֿԵ鵤ҩĸӵãֶչΪеӲͨ൱׵ĽƱԻָĵҩؼӶ֣ǰӵ
ֻǵɽǼʶһ£û뵽ȻЩҪҪȡһЩԣȻӵһЩ׽ʿ˵⵰һһǮҲûУҪ˵Щŵӣɵɢޣ֮ˣҲ٣ӵһЩǡ
˼ţ뷨ǷС
׬ȡʯ൱е׬ȡпܷԲ֣һЩеĵر͸ؼҪõЩĵرؼûи߹ĳǾֻпһ취ܣ
ϻܣƸȵӵеʯͬȼֵıԻȡԼҪĶʱͿʿķм䣬óԸ
ŵʿͨޣǿգڤѪյأָؾϡ䱦ֻΪ̵ݣҩԶʱشǿ޵ľѪԪָ֮ֻҪӵвƸܵõ
ӵо޴ƸĻİʵ̫ˣ෴һף粽У䵽Ҫĵز
ߣֳʿѪ⾫ԶԶȳǿʢӵе֪Ƿ˵ĶٱʣĵҲǾ˵ģƽȹʳȫ衣
˵е֮ʿܹһţǿţʿҪ֮ѪΪʳԵñ⻹ࡣ
ֻ̺ޱȾԹӦ裬ʿõʳ
ĵرƳɵıٹȵǿԳʱ䲻ʳ
ֻߣ˸ʿд֮䣬ȡܳ׶ϳʳ
񻰴˵Уʦܹͷ¶⣬ôġ
ı·أڵһǮ粽еĵҲͬãҲððʧʧʹʿȦȥˣ׼С
Ŀ˸ԶԼ˵


119 
¶ģ׬ȡʯ̧֮ͷھѰ
һҩ԰˰ٸɾû˼ˣұ̫٣ɡ
࣬ûΣգݣֻϧҲᣬɲ
չĵرͷûУҲ֪ôȥѰҡ
ޣɱħŵӣţ
۾ʱ
ãˡ
ð֮׼ȡ׬ȡʯʱ
ɽһ쵴ɽʱУӰײײشӾ޴ĺɫ춴֣һȫɾӨʯɹĵط
طһѶ·ɾ޴ķ
ŵӣͻ֪һɣΪҪĽ֮һŲƷӵתʱգ͵á
ǳ֮䣬벻֪ԶǴͨߣˣ޷Щǿд󣬶ͼֲһУΨѰʱѷ죬ŲƷ󣬽д͡
һڷϣ㱻صӷˡ
ۣ
ȳѪ˳
ŲƷϵˡ𣿡
˺öѪ
ԪһƬң⵽ô£
ʱ磬û˵½磬߸ϵŵȣеֻޱȵǣϢСңΣ
Ȼˡ޼Ѫݡϻʲôôѵ֮гʲô⣿
ͻȻӣоâ֡
ۣͨˣĶȥˣŲƷ뿪ģǼΪʲôûһ
ôˣ
һ˵ţȻһץ壬Ȼƾշ䵽ŲƷϷľʯƽ̨ϡ
ʦܣʦܣô
졭졭ҡȥ塭
Ժۣ˵꣬赹ȥ
ʦܣʦܣ
Ӵ󾪡
ʱ򣬷Լһֻϡ
ߵģһڵӡ
ֻ񣬷ɽҸصķΧһ·ϴһһ¥ڣ̨ɽ£գһ޴ƽ̨
ڵĹأҲǴţŵĹأһЩֹʿдĵطʾޱȵݡ
壬ôһֹеĵط
ʦܣ嵽ˡ
ƺ֮ѵ
лʦ֡
ʦܣְڣ鲻ͲȥˣԼСһ㡣ӵ
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΢΢ͷܿ˵ȥһССĺڵ㣬ʧʡ
ʦ㣡ʦ뾡ʦ㣬ʦҡ
ݺݵҧȻת嶥ȥ
ڵĵӣ඼֪壬ҵϵʦľ
ͻ֣ᷢҵݵλСҵݵλǳƣǳϵţԲǿߣõʦʶΪͽƸΪ洫ӡ
ڵɣһߴ֮׵ţһ֮£СһЩڣͬһͬǣŻڣ鵤ҩؼʹãڵӵУľ˲߹츳ˣӵн޾Դ벻ڶѡ
ʦ֣ôˣ
ʱϣ֣һ£úɫϸųݣװ׾ʮҵ֪ͯӭ
ʦãʦ㣬ʦ𣿡ɫ԰ף΢΢شʵ
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ʦôΪͨ˵
ӴУͳһں飬Ůͯ
ʦˡ
⴮飬ǼΪѵõĺ飬ſŶۺ˴Сںǧܲյطгϡ֮֮Уѵһ֮ʱżȻĻɱһͷСľ޴󺣰淢ʮöСһµĺɫ飬һһֱ᲻øˣΪ˻¸Ůͯԥó
лʦ֣ȥͨʦ㣬ɲ˵
ŮͯҲϸѺɫЦص
ûйϵʦֻȥͨǡ
֪ǰƷٵĵοʿ
һ죬նϳԵףȥѪԵϵѾԵôҪˣοֻ֧ӵܣǵϵʦĹϵ糣ǰ׽
λʦãʦ߷̣ǳó裬Ҫʦ㣬Ȼһ顣


120 淨
ϵãڼŮͯˡ
ʦ֣ɣʦӦˡŮͯЦ˵
һæеŮͯɽͥԺ
ͥԺǳ£Ĵ̺죬㶷޵滨ݣ¶Ũ
ݴӵУһڵصŮӵıӰŮͯǰ
ŮӵıӰϸһֽСζϵϢȴǲ׽أ䣬Ůؽһ㣬˿ˣͷκε£еֻ޵ľ硣
˽ʱ֪ʲôǧ˿׵׹⣬Χֳһ㻺ζ
Щ׵׹⣬ƺ޾һ˿һȺʮԲʦҪǿ󣬶׹֮䣬·𸻺ɣһԺ֮о͸ֳò磬һӰ
淨淨
У𾪡
ΪԲŵӣʱ޿̲ڿܹ죬һ죬ȻޱǰһĻʲô
ǧپΪ֮ʦļޣⲢļ£ļ£깦ӵа깦֮󣬶ȡ컯Ϊ죬Ӵ֤̤ʵĵ֮·
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һӵзͲǷˣʿͬݵķԪֹٱ
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֪ؾͺһҲл־磬鷨ķΪ֮֡
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ʵ̫ӴˣݹŵأСĴĺƴ֮ѹ޲𣬾ͺһ㣬һ̶֮ʵı仯
ԲʦȫԪתΪԺеһ̣ͿԵ񣬹Բ츲صı仯ٱɰͨʿոսһصʱ򣬶ӵаϵķ
ҷͨƾǧ򻯣ٿ磬޷ʩչֶҲʩչ޼ʤʩչָ˼ͨԶ֮컯ݻܡ
ʣǰϢԪȫͬǾļ£䣬Ժعͨ
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Ҳ֪Ůӣ켸صĸ磬ֻ֪Ī⣬ӵв˼Ĵָ̧̧ͨǡ
ôķˣҲʿǰ˿Ĳ
Ҳ⣬ҲҳֻϢȴ飬Ҳܴʿ
ʱȥҲ֪˶ãǧ˿׹γɵŮӵ壬ѹֵգʧ
ŷ֪ʱˮ͸ԼȫĴȾһ֮սҪ
ҲǾʶˣʲôûӣŮǰҴһڡ
ʦ㡣
òףŻع񣬻æ
磬ʲôŮҲתôĵصҲ˵ûҪ飬Ҫ𣿡
֮ȴЩ飬һ翵ĸо·𲢲ʵ
ǲԪֲˣҲ㣬֮Ҫûй˵նϣҪͣͲǰԶʧȥǱôڻף
֮У̺һ˿ͷζȻԣλʦԼޡ
ǧΣĿ࣬ʱĵӿ˳кᣬͨһڵء
ʦ㣬Ҳ󵤵ģҡҴɽˣ
ţоŮӵ΢ָͣһ˿ζ֮ǰĿ飬翣󵤵ģʮܣʲô£
ԭõܣʮ塣
ۣͨλʦʦãȫˣһ˸ɱˣ
ڵأص
ʲôɱˣ
ĿߣŮ΢΢ݡ


121 
ںɽε˼ʱܿ죬˳ǣֱĻֶȥ
һ֣ǰĻľʱ÷ï
֣дһ֣ģָߣָģŻģԣһǳԶŵɭ֣洦ɼľľïʢĴ֣Ϣô
෴뵣滨ţ洦ɼֿǵ߳ϣޣطѵһ֣ɳǶ츣ء
ţرŨȻҲǸ츣أ
ֲãͷ֣Ҳһ츣أȻûнͨ˼֮еɽԽҲ˵ѵһıˡ
ӡУҲֻɽҩ԰ܹᲢۡ
УһЩ֮Ϊ츣أԽŨ飬֣ݣԽïʢͬʱҲиĻᣬǿ飬ޣޣ
ô̵Ĺ򣬾ͷܣҪ׼䣬ƣȡܵǮЩƾ˲ΣҰһ賤ֱ˼
ǳḻʹҲ෢֣ӡ֤˼еһЩ
ֻϧûƷϼҩڵ˵ͨѾмһˣû˿ҪɼЩҩˡ
ΪЩź
ţʲô
Ŀĵһʱ֮ͻȻоܵձԽԽأ·һεѹ˷ӿ
ͬʱд˵ͳĺǳ⣬бнײ
ΪﵽԺԪתѪ绷С
ﵽѧϳ˵ʦоǺʮԲʦȻ񣬺ܿѭܷԽһͰС𣬰Դ˸
ˣȻ˵Ӻħŵӣ
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һУССɣţ޲룬ʼձ֮⣬ѾӪ
ţħ˵μ
ͨ˵ļ䣬˷ǳãһ۾ͰѶԷ˳
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ħһصĵˣʣ˶ûдﵽԪгʦڰ书ǿĵΧˡ
˵ߴźħ֮䣬УŹȻ١
˫֪¶ҪԷȫնɱӣʱ͸оԼĴŲ١
һͻȻһԾӰ磬սе˳ȥ
˶һû뵽ǴʱԱ߾Ȼɽۻ
һΪߣҲǶı֮ȱһλѣңɱЩħˣ
ߣСĻƭʱЦ˵ǻúܣæĻ˵ģȽһҵ־˵
Ȼħŵӳһ
˵ģɱ
䣬һأصħŵӣսѳɱ˹
Ѱ·
ЦһͨٶȣȻӿ
ͨţ
ͨţ
ʵȻѾܹͨŵĵز
ͨţ屶ĵȴʮ屶ҲֻкԲʦھͶ֮ʩչҳס޴ɡ
ֻʩչһ£ΪΣͷɱﵣ־ʹó
ͷһ屶ֱײе˼㣡
Ҫ֪ڵӵаʮ깦ǧپʹһ屶ǧپԲҲҪŵøεѣ޷ֵ
һ
䣡
з·һ𣬾Ȼһ޴Ӱշ˳
ţˣ
ﵽϳ֮Ȼ˾ţѾԲΪԷˮһ򵥡
Ӱ޴󣬻񣬿ͺԪһ㣬ͨ巺ŵĹ⣬ǡ
ع澳ħŵӳһҪ֣ȴȻ֣ǰһڡ
ޱȳصĴȻײš
䣡
ħŵӣûзӦصײ˺ϱĴϣһ죬ĳѪš
Ȼһƣͷǣ


122 òȻ
ãӵܣɱ
ޱȿֲһĻħŵӣʱʧ롣
һƴƾƷ磬Ͱ˴÷ǣҲʵֲ̫ˣ׷䣬лĳ£˶Ϊӵܡ
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ûᣡ
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ҺʣħŵڵֵסΪ߾ţһԾԾȥ
ħŵӼ춼Ҫܣɺð׷Ӵܡ
ӣôף
ЩħŵӵķӦνǣͶǣʵǿĵӣӱܹעҪܣҲ룬һƣ˹ȥ

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˲䣬Լٴﵽ˾˵ǧپǰʮ깦߱
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һתһĳٴʮ⣬һæӶݵħŵͺ䡣
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壬˲ΪǺεȵ죿ֹǵջ֮£ܷŹħŵӵĻֱֵ̫òˡ
תۼ䣬ħŵӲҽţͷ˳ȥ
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ʼʩһԸַӿľץ˹һ
ʲôˣʵ̫׺ˣ
Ҵ˵ӣ𶯣飬ǾηͿ־塣
ղչʾʵԶԶԽ˴Բ磬ϾԲʦȻʵǿ۴ҲֻңͶ֮չֵȴϣôԵĲ𣬲Ҫ˵ЩѪе֣ͨˣҲܸоó
ȴϾЩ˵ӣɱħŵ֮󣬾תΪȫԪ͵ر
˰پһǧǧپ
գǧپԭӵеǧپڣѾߴǧ
ظ֣ҵĹǧپ
ӦˣһεĹǧپȻûһ˲䱩ǧô࣬ǧپҲǾ޴ˣڣŷԼ˵Ļǣ󣬷Ҫȹ̾磬ʹȹ̲ˣͨ˼Уħ߻ħ롣
Ĵȡǣʽ൱֮Уúֵأ̣ȴƫҪȥǼǿˣĴӣȻڶʱ䱩ȴռ󣬳ҪǵŭԹ׷ɱ
мƽţ˼
λѣл
ʱһЩͬʱҲɺͲм֮̽Уعͷ˵ӣԼ
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ĻɣһУ֦ͬӦɽĳѣؼλʦҲԥΪ壬αл
һܿͲ²⵽Щ˵뷨΢Цţɫ̹Ȼ˵
һȻӣ˿ˣֱΪòȻľӣõղŻɱˣȡѾսܵĶŹʮʮħͷ磿
ԭʦҲˣ
ԭЩˣԱţʱ¶ϲɫϲʵ
Ȼ½쵴ɽڵӡ
ԹɫЩԼԱţɽ䱸֮ɫȥﻹ᲻ǵ˼
ˣɵ΢΢һЦʦַ緶


123 ʦ
쵴ɽڣŴɰֻߴѷһ
˶һۣȻѾ˵ǡ
ԭڵĽʦ֣ǽʦ֣Ǿˡ
ʦ־ǣԺʲôõǵĵطܷԸǣǵɽ𺣣һüͷ
˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨οǻ֮
˷׷˵
ˣȻҲǴʦ֣ͬŵӣֱ˴ˣôеҲˡ
λʦܣǵƣûд󰭰ɣԼݣɫ⡣
лʦֹģû£ֻǿϧʦܣʦܣʦǡ
ЩȻǿеʦܣʦܣʦܼˣ֮ǰѾڵϵ˵ӣʱѾ͸޳½ɵﵽҲˡ
ܸλʦܻǽڰɡ˿ܣ⣬˵ز˾ǻץʱ뿪Ϊ
Ҳá˶ۣ׷ͬ뿪ǰǻҪЩħŵϵĴʦǵҲҪȥ
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ˣöݵλơ
ܿ죬ѰһѵõĶ
ǲҪЩսƷովһֱֳĪʵԶԶЩͨŵӿɱȵģҲΣܻ˹ء
ҲͰЩսƷΪС
صսУħŵӲֹˣӵģֻǱһĺظ֡Ⱦĸ֣ӵһݵλŵӣ˵ɱģǸӹūһµ
һƣͿԵõʯǧöЩħŵӵĴУҲпܴʯ׬ˡ룬УҲ൱Ҫģʱʮ¶ħŵӣʱһսջʮ޵Ļ
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ʱѾ֪˵ӣУһŽڵСɵӣֱ٣¥УǺع澳Ϊ٣¥ʵѷǺرԪΪ
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ǰǼŻǲ֮еңֻϧʦܣʦܣʦǣҲزˡ¥Ҳп⵹ижˡ
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ЩǱջǸһﵽѧϳ˵пܸһʮء
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ҵˣʦִջķᣬǽĴʱҲʱȻ˳˵ҲȲˣ죬Ȼ׷潭ʦɱħŵΣǲҪƣҲҪֻҪʦвףʹһЩսƷǾˡ


124 
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ҪЩۣҪ˵죬ԲͨĺʮԲԶԶ
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Ѳʹް֮УŵһҲΪһͺ;֮Уǧǧͨʿ䣬Ӵ֮У̶֥СĹһ㡣
Ƕ׷䣬ЩѲʹҲǴžȨƵʹߣ׵ã綨Զ󽫾ôһʹ߶ԼϽĴӪУһ·Ҵææ͸˹ȥ
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Ҵ壬ֵϰͨūͣҲû̫ḷ̌򶨣
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133 
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ЩʿЩħţЩħŵӣ٣¥˱֣ѶԷɱ仨ˮҲջķᣬЩеζ
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һǰҲСǰϻ̳Ͽ֣㷲ΪСҵһУԶԶ֪ʲôͼıڣҲӵ㹻ʵ㹻Ĳƿˡ
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գ٩٩̸˵һͨõԲɣôͼذһ㣬˵
Ƕһ֮ԼֻҪǴӦһ̾ͶŵԣΣ
ʦ֣˵ɣҪ˵һһٸһǧҲû⡣ԣЩɬε˵ȻȣȻ˵һ㣬Ҫ˵һһٸһǧҲԥشӦ
٣¥ˣϵѳǣԣѾ
ɽʱҪȥˣΪЧΪЧޣʮ꣬ʮ֮ڣʵԽң̿ȥûгԽңԺҽ֣ʵǹҩǷ񣬶ѡΣǡ
ɫȻţ߷ϣ˵
һ㣬Ҫ˵ˣΪЧޣҪһһ⣬£Ķ⣬ίߡ
ȻҲʦ֮£ǶԸԼѣˣһеǰᣬڹƽǶҹƽǶǹƽһƽΣ
һνգѾĻ٣¥˼ʶԼʵ֮նΪӪգץסǿ죬Ϊŵӵס
Ϊǣףȫ˵ǹƽص˭ǰҲľȻ
٣¥˵ȫ԰һᣬһס
ǵݵλʵӵеǱһеĸҪ죬Ҳһ׵飬׳Ľףȴ룬޽ӽ
˵һᣬһס
ҴӦ
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ЦӦɵӣ
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á
һޱȺˬذʮö񽻸ǡ
лʦֳȫ
֣Ȼ٣¥ˣ飬ηΣ˼֣ҳ֮ģһˣʱȷĹǡ
Щ񣬲Ҫ˷ѣȫͻȥɣ֮;ˮۣˣл;ҪƴһǰΪá٣¥ǶˣûƿҪֱǰ
Ŀ뿪ת
㣬ĵ֮ﵽʮ꣬ӵоʮ깦֮󣬱벻Ϲ̾磬ֱʱ죬ſԳͻƣΪԲɣǵù磬־ͬʱɣſԳͻƣóȻͦؽѶ޻һ߻ħˣȫϣһҪСĽʮİգſԳԡ
ȻصɽǣȻָ㣬ʲôʱá
лʦ֡˴ϲ
ʱ׵أЦ̣ó
٣¥ˣ֪ʲô飬ͻȻжһȴͻȻ֮䣬ӻץһŴѶ
Ȼָӡڷϡ
Ϣˡ
һƽӷϴž޲·û˿鲨
ãѻ󷨣ʦ֣㵽ʲôؾĴȻʩչͨҵ
ʶ㣬Σʱһ㣬


135 ֵ
ѻ󷨣ͨ
ЩԺ֮Уʱ಻õԤУҲԼµǱ߷ʲôʡ
֪ʲô
ɫʵƺʶͨӣÿʸ
ûǰɽţҲңʦʾһƾӦ֮֮ͨڣѰѰǳ׼ȷʿҪҵʦ㣬ֻ¿ʱ죬ˡ
ʱ죿
ĴԽ⣬ɫһ䡣
ȻлҪȣĪ޵֮˳˵ġидһٰˣҲǴʹȫͻƵĶǾԴеģЩֻ֣ǵ;֮еĿѣҪɱҵˣͳͳħնɱħͷܶȹѣ
Ѿ֪ԼһūΪԲʦԲɣ죬̤ʵĵ֮·У˿᫡
С˾ǿٽķţͬʱҲΣյķţʶڣᳫַΪڤڤ֮УѭӦˬľ֡
ɱ˵ģҪɱȡ˱˵ģҪᣬɱԽĴӣԶԸĳңǲûˡ
ͬ쵽֮;һ·˳˳ˮһ·ͻƿû˿գҲû顣
£дߵĴڣˣΪߣҲͶ̥ңҩ԰ūˡ
Լ֪֮Լ²⵽ķʵǴӼС֮ʼģ˵ԴڵСԺҪĥѣҲǣϵ
Ȼ£ǣͻͽ֮鷳ˡ
էһƺҵģһս֮У¶ʵ벻绹޼ѪһطҲû˿ʧ󣬷һ˵ζ
Ҿ㵱ûߣ֮֮ѰҲǱ޿ɱܣ˵ǱȻ
ֻҪƽӹúֶΣǸĶˣͬĵ·ȻҲͬ鷳ֻ׷ɱˣݵλͬѡ
䣬¶ޱȵͨ͸ѭ˵зǷļʶֱ֪֮ʶ
Ҳ⣬ڶūмѧǣӱûȻˣȴƷʣ޹ء
ʦ֣ôˣɫ죬٣¥ˣصղǸòĳҰɣʦ־Ȼؾĳң
ղŴӷֽдĮһͷ̲ס²⣬ʲô飬Ȼؾʿϧ𽵹ѻַ꣬ͨʽѰ
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˲ɵÿɫпЩ֮󣬺ܿͻָҲƽˮ·ʲôҲûз
ûʲôʱˣ˯ɡ
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ڶ졣
Ӱпٴ󣬶̶̼֮䣬Ծʮɡ
ܿ죬ЩӰнԶһ·ɽǵķȥ
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ˡ
˰·ͽпˣε֮;ˮۣˣǵ־ʵ̫ˣȥʲôʱܴﵽԲ
˺ˣ֪Ҫ˵ˣǻȥúóԺһ٣ͼˡ
ŰɣһԲɵġ
˵
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ʱѾֽ£¶ޣ˲ٵĿͷһֻЩȥúóԺһ١
ǣƼͬʱͷҲЩء
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˶Ĭȫû飬ΪѾ֪Īʿˡ
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ϣʦܹΪİɣǵôûб𣬾Ҫȥˣ
Ҳû취ʿǵʵʦֺȣõġ
Ϊӣʦ赲һʱҲĸԸǷʦֵģʵ̫ˡ
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һ߼ߣһߴӴУȡ׼õ
ĹѾﵽ˾ʮ꣬޿ټЩʱջɱħӣ޵ˣ۷ǳ񣬸ʮöΪ֧ţټвѹȡڣڣһѾ㣬ͻƣﵽԲɣѾǱȻ


136 ׽
̺ԶԶʯеҪڳ磬°빦ҲûбҪزˡ
ڱУȡһö񣬡񡱵һ顣
Ũһ㣬ɫըƾ֪ЩԶԶʯ̺֮ŨȻƷʺͼֵʯ򱶵
ȴϸһţһץסУɾŨ˳ƾѨȻӿת֫ٺ
ʥ죡
Ҵ߶Ѫ
о֫ٺ֮¶һ㣬ԼÿһطÿһѪ⣬ÿһǣƵõԭѾǧӽԲɵ壬һβ̥ǵı仯
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߶ϧĴĴۣһһ磬
Ҳ֪ùȥȫȳĺˮ͸ʣӿ˳ų⡣
磬ûвԵı仯Ȼͣھʮ꣬ȴҲԭһƺԼ̤żˡ
ԲȻѣֲǡסӵдȴ
ҵʣ̺ԶԶҪףȴ˲ٷ֮һƺװ˷ˡ
Ǵﵽƿ֮ҪͻƵѴ𣿲Ҫ˵ٷ֮һǧ֮һ֮һֻҪܼգֵá
΢΢һЦԤϵƤһ£ٴδһö
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һöööööһֱﵽʮö
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ⲻƣҲǧǧߣͬƣͺ֮ض˫ۣ˫һڣһǣ֫࣬ǳ¡
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챦֮ƺһ˿仯
ԭ̺ųԪڣȻ𽥿ʼִԪ
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һһȵԪУʼн֯𽥻ΪС֮ģһģһů
ʱҲеСˡһ·֮ˣĳ֮ĹϣСܵؽһ𣬴Ӵ֮СȪۣ֮Դںһ壬Ҳɷָˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ԭѾ࣬ӽһɵСθ߰θٰθߣ󳤴ٳ䣬ﵽߣʣ뵣ֳ˷ǳľ
ͬʱС֮УȻӿصɫů壬Ծˮ֮һԽԽӴ֮УȻѾ˺۷ļޣ֮ϵƲ
ЩԪԶתʱﵽƽȶʱʧأŰܶʼȥѭ
ȻڲѾﵽһǳ˼ľ硣
ڣˣΪоʱѾ˹ؼʱ̣ǰУұ֮УѪһãҪԪʧأԪߣҲľء
Ǳ밲ȫ֮ȫչصĴʱı·еġءҲָʱҪĶ츣أȫ֮
վӱĪǿе׷ɱȴûˣ֮£ڻ֮УѰһĻһȭסͻԼ
Ѱһ֮ɲԲɵһȴûע⵽붴УԼһ̣֮УԭĵգͻȻû谵޾ĺƣ·ӿͬһ㣬
Ƽرɫɳʯ󣬳ʮĻ֮С
̶̼Ϣ䣬ػ谵ĺƣ·޴Уգһ޷ݵĿֲϢ龪壬Ϣʵʴڣ˲ͷٲƣ֮еںγɵ֮С
ϯصĺɫ˳УһĿĹâںе
ǹ޷ݵĿֲϢâֵġ
âһΪΪģĻΪˡ̶֮䣬㻯ǧǧ׵׹⣬һ㣬ںڰƲ֮䡣
׽٣ôܣ
֮ԶŵһˣԶյһĻʱһһӼٱ֮Уͣ
ѾﵽؾԲӳΪʦ֡Ӣ꣬۾һɣ㾪


137 İ׹
Թٱʵ֮ʿΪ£Ҳ˽ٵڤڤ֮УؿʿɵڣµĿ顣
֮УΪģ׽٣԰׽ٵͬ٣Ϊ٣Ȼ̺ؼ췣ȴ벻̬֮ƣ
׽һ֣֮㾪žޣ˾ˣֻҪΪݣͳͳҪ
䣬רһ仰ڽӡ޵֮η׽٣֮µĸ
ؾʿƺ߹󣬼ʶԶƣӿƣô᲻֪⾿ʲô
Ϊ֪ųԾ
ףôܻô׽٣
оԼȫķȻߴ֮䣬·ܾһ㣬ɪɪ޷ƣ֮ƣпֵܳΣܳ״
겻ˣǰԼɽۼ֤Ƚٷʢʱֵ׽٣ڳֵ׽ٱƺ磬Ҫ֪ԼȻҲȫʧ֮УȫԿ֮⣬ʱȽ֮ذ֮ڣ˵أ׽ٽ֮أֹǧ
ʮ·̣ȻҲܸӦڵյƣֱ˼顣
ҲдС֣֮ޣľ֮ͱӵȣɵΥ⣬仯֮ʣϲԻήһףʾ飬Ȼ޾֮·ǧ飬ɵǿϢ;Ȼ׽ǿ󣬵׽٣ȴǿ֮ڳͷֻҪ񣬻и˻ӣһ㶼ͨ
ֻһ׽٣УֻΪ֮а֮ʶ׻ϸ˵٣ԣǰͣΪСһ࣬ʾ𡣡
ȻʮضȽپ辭٣С٣ȫͬն٣Ҳоŵ£ÿһ̺൱ʮظһ׹ػħѣ˥ӿ֣֮⣬ʽĿ飬ٻ٣նɱȽʿѣöȽʿңıƵ£Ī⣬ǳ
٣Ҳֻ֮У׶ȹĴڣǵһ٣٣ǺĶأÿһӾŵÿĪķʽӣʿԽǿԽǿֱ٣ǴﵽܿĵزֻԹ£˻ӣͨܣֻ
˵֮УȽٷ𻯵֮д˻ӵĺ鸣֮ˣ͵Ľѣȹǰؿ飬֮ɽ磬ңˣ׽٣ǲΪݵڣϲԸӦҪϾųֵģֻа޾֮·ķ򣬲׽ٽµʽǿǿ˿ܶȽ֮
Ҳ֪֮Уʲôаħֻ߾ʮа˾Ҫξ𣬻Ϊɻˡ
ؾ꣬ɫЩŹ֣η壬ֻԶԶȫֵգ㬵
ʹǧ֮ԶĿԼƣҲܸоõЩ׹֮У̺޷ݵɢ޷Գ֡
Ҳʵֲ̫ˡ
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ѹͷ𾪣Ҫ˵Щʲô߾ת˹
˺ããǴҴҸ·ãǷٶȣȥɽһɡ
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ԲĵӣȻɻ󣬵ʦӣûаĵ׵ɻʳ
ٵȼȥѰҰɣҸӦϢҲǸǼ֮ûʧãʧˣʡȥ鷳
Ҳ׽ֵķԲڣ귴ҵˣΪ֪óȻʿȽٵ򣬱ɡ
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ãã£ǿҵĳƿ䣬޷İƣЩ׹£ɢңԶޱߵǿգ硭ʱ䣬ǶҡӰ¶ҵĻҲģ
ϻģϻ֮ݹŵأ磬֮⡭ңԶ磬ʱաо֮ͨ޵ˣȫˣǿգ鴦һƬģĻ磬ֻ룬ƴޱߣ޷ݵĹâڸһС
һؾף޿ɿܵϢ¶һƴգޱϵᴩء
䣡
֮䣬ɣ׵ĹâȻڿ۳ͣһһȭͷСİ׹
һ㣬Щ·ɭȥ


138 𶯣Ϲ⶷׽
֮УǧΪİ׹򣬱һ㣬½ȥʱңԶԶҵĺԺУŮԶ
Ůӣһ£һ£һһ죬μȴͬ绪˶ˡ
һᾪ㵵˵ΪԶŮӣȻСĳ࣬·ɫͷεĲطȫһģһκεĲ
ûдԶŮӣǴһģ̳˼ˣ»Ϊһ⣬Ϊ֪á
Ǳߵôˣ
ɫȹʵ
ܲ£һģһŮҡҡͷ͢ϽƣҲɳѲķϻĵռ䣬ѾüΪСʣ͸ǷΪʥġ׵䡷ûлӽڿǣȲѵʱǲҪ÷ǳֶΣѸײڶ֮ƶȡ׵䡷Ȼ󳹵˳ϻġ
ɣΪնصȡ׵䡷ȻҪôҲȲǱĸΪһ׵䡷ĲãȡС
ǰȡСŮ¶Գ֮ɫĵصǳǷչ׳ĻͻԽԽãܹɳȵͻ֮գ̫ˡ
ͲصˣڼǰݴӪĶԶ󽫾ԷѶһϢйġ˵
Ŷѵʲô飿˵ˣŮһ˿֮ɫ
¶ˣȷ˻ң˵ֻʲôֻһС鷳ѡڲǰ˺ʮԲҳֻɱڵӣڣΪʲôҪ֣ʾҪҪ
ʮԲڵӣŮԣ¶һ˿㵣ƺǳȣѾɳزˣ¹ȥôᡭ
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ЦɵüͷƺԼһģһŮˣ¶СŮ̬оǳ졣
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ȥ𣿡ŮЦЦһĨҲ棬ɱţȥˡ
˵֮䣬òȻһԼʮŮģ

Ůòƺ⶯
ȻŮҲΪѾﵽԲ۷徳磬ԶҺƵˣԸһ³˵Сɫ´࡭
ʱԶգͻȻһѹͺŮͬʱɫ䣬￴ȥ
٣ôܣ
Ƕ׽֮£ƺ˽ⲻ٣Ȼһ¾ͱϳⳡ׽ٵ
ʱеǿգ׵رģֻ룬ƴޱߣ޷ݵĹâڸһУ·գâɣеһУڸǡ
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ŮӰһ죬Ҫָı㣬ƺ뵽ʲô;Ӳͣ
Ůӣضһۡ
ҩʧˣѵҲ׽ٸ֮£ξˣãأҪˣҪʬһҪһ
У𾪡
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Ůɫصص˵꣬ҲķӦֱǰ̤һӰͺεϣֱʧ
ͬʱңԶ֮ݲʿģԼָͬı㣬ƺҪӺȻûҵ֮Уⳡ𶯵ĸԴܿ죬ǾͶ׷ɫ䡣
񣡡
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˵ҲΪ⣬ڹһѵָָԭȴܿĿ˼׷ⳡصľ׽٣Ժηˡ
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䣡
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ƽ̣
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ӿյ̨ϴ
ĵطı֮˻ѪУݵеǳвͬķӦض˲С𵴣һʱ֮䣬ⳡֵ׽٣ΪĻ⣬꣬Щ飬ת䡣
ֻǶ֪ε׽٣Ȼǳһؾûдﵽ׷˶ȥġ
Ӧ˵ǳǸ׷ˣĶȥģ
ǧ£·һֶ֮꣬ǵʱͻȻ֮䣬һϹӭЩɨȥ
Ժɨ磬ǧʿ޷ƥеĿ׽٣ϹѰ·ΪһʿȽ֮ʱԷ壬أΪףÿֻܹȣȹѡ
ķһûĿɹͽ޹صĺпǿ٣ٵһֵסҪ촷ۣȫ
û˵˭Ƚ٣ǲطġ
ȻޱȾ㵵鷢ˣƺƴ֮ױ֮꣬Ȼͱôһɨʧˣ
Ʋûɢȥһʧʱ򣬸򣬴ӿ֣
䣡
ԽԽıըĻ֮һεױŸƣ
ǿһֹ׽֮ϹԵòŲæٴӭһɨͬǧ֮ʧ١
һŴΣһһ䣬˺ڣϸıըˮ磬ӿ֣ʼκβ˳Ϲ⣬ѣӿ޴һ㣬ת
׽ٵ̬ʼתڲٽˣе仯Ϊһһ֮ߣƣӰģˣʮǧ˰֮ǵأϹɱȥ
ױ
Ϲ·ǰ龰ŭˣȻ͵һƱǣӲɨʣױͬƵһǣϯͺһθڴ󿪵ľޣſҧ춼ȱһ飡
ƾҶƺܵشܿ죬ֿʼת
һΣ˵ʽˣתΪ˵ǹꪣָ򳣼죬ͬıʮ֣Ϊͳʮ֣Ϊűһٵ֮ǵذϮ
̣ǹң
Ϲʾƺ׽ٷȻһӭͷסûΪһ˵ӰЩױ


139 ׷ӿ
ɽ֮УȴĪΣ֮С
ҲᶴѨϷգϹ׽ټչֳܣΪһǣͻƿͻƾʮ깦ǧŰپǵϣͣԲ覣ڳɹԲɡ
һǱչؾѴԲʵʱֻҪΪӴ֮󣬾ĳ֣۷塣
֮ͣ죬ʹﵽԲɣзǳĻ죬̤ϵ֮·
ΪʹңҲûгʿ˵ڼ֮죬ʹٵ΢Ҳûйϵ̱£ףֻǵУпܣʩչѪʹѪı䣬Ϊҵϵݵλ̲ͬ
Ȼؼʱ̣ڵԪȻǣ֮£ʼ
˿˿͸Ϲ⣬͸ɽڣֱӹɽ棬ϡ
ԭЩֻϹ⼤ನ֮еȣʵڲֵһᣬǣǷ̥ôִֵܵ־ȫȫѹƣԪңѪ˲߻ħ
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͵ԪɣȻ󣬱ɢʧ⣬ңȻŬ֮ںϣ͡
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̶ʮϢ䣬Ѿȫ˺ۣ˺׹֣Ҳɢһ㵭Ĺ⻪
⻪Ȼǳɫģ׹ãԼ֮䣬̺һ˿Ϊ΢ȴΪ֮
˿֮ѪҺ֮УѪУɢ⣬ԪģΣƢΣ֫ٺֱһУƺմȾˡ
ʱ䣬ŬΪУȫµѪ⣬ʼ׷ױը
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ö裬ƺǷܵ綼ҪըȫѪ⣬׷ɢȻ˿
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棬·һɫѪҺ˲澭֫ٺŷ׷ױѵ޸;һС
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壬ʱܵ˷·̵ʹ࣬ÿһѪ⣬ÿһڣ˳ʹ֮У˵˿һһʹĻô˿ܵģֹǧʹࣿڣѾûһƬ⣬ϻֻأƫƫкɫӿֳʹʼձѣܴнѳȥ
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ǴģҾȻ޲ãȥһʹģ㲻ʹҲ߻ħѶ취ʶֻ֪ͦȥ
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öɫ裬Ҳ֪ʲôȻãޱش̼ľʹʱ̱ѣȻҪʽҲܹ
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˳ϹⱻĨɱ֮ĺƣк֮еҲһ㣬ת·߸ϵľѲӴء
ּɬɨ˻ϣ޾ǿֱʮϢ֮ûзκ쳣ʧ
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140 跴
ڰĶѨ֮У͵ش˸飬һ
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ҲãҴҰ꣬ŵʵʣǵҲ
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ܿ죬͸оˣȫ£һ㣬飬о·ĳȫϣǧ꣬øɾˬ
Բеĸоججľ񣬺ܿѹ
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ϡǵãԼ֮ǰдԼ֮⣬޲öĺɫ裬ǲ֪ʲôʱڵġ
ԭΪ챦ֻСôһѾйˣû뵽ǱĶԶԶлҪ࣬ѵС㰵жʲô涾Ҫң
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Ҫ·żȻµʱ򣬶ûв
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ҪһĻҲֻг죬̤ϵ֮·ˡ
΢΢̾һһе̣Űǿϵɽʯӱĵص˳
ȻԼŪɽ񣬵ȴΪԲɵľ磬ʱҲûʧȥʼе̵ʱ򣬰ǿһ¾˳Ҫǻɺʮ֮ǰϳ˵ʦǰѾˡ
˵ڵѾʼӵһЩڳ˵ķˣ쾳磬һξ룬ҪģԪתΪ
һɣ֣ͨ죬ҲͳΪһƬ̹;෴ûзҪ죬ڳ˵Ρ
ʲôȻ˲ħӾЩˣȫǺ쾳ŵӣ˽Ҳǳϡ٣ڣûһͷ
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һ㽹ͬǣأȻһƬԼܸоȵϢϮȴû¶ݲһƬŨ˸оԭǶ츣صĻ֣Խĵزˡ
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ıʶӿŵһɷǳµζ
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һеɻˣΪ֪֮ǰﻹûŨ
˵ԭֻУͼĶ츣أֻ̺һ˿ĻôڣѾԳƵеƫϵĸأʹУĶ츣أҲǲġ
пܣǧ֮ᣬʼΪϵȸء
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ңҲǷɾʱǣԼ֮ǰǱ׷ɱš
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ӣĸޣַţ༰ʣͬʱϣˣͺͻȻ任һ治˼顣
ãǺ跴ɣγˡ
Ůǽҧأվ
ž֣ᡭָӵĿ⣬ؿˮ̶һۣŤͷȥһ׹⣬ҲƵʧ


141 С
죬߲ݣһ·УҲ֪ܳ˼ǧԶڣ𽥸еȫʧǹɱ˼ӣ׷ٵͷڣ֪Լӳˡѻ󷨡׷ٷΧ
ѻ󷨣ʵһؾʿԷʹͨĿ꣬׷ٵֻҪϣʹӳ֮ңãã˺Ҳѣǲ֪ΪΣԴӽԲ֮оԽԽ΢ֱ֮ȫʧԼײˡ
Ҳ֪ǧ֮ʿ׷٣Ϊ֮ʱԪǣ˶Է
ʵûаѶԷҲǷǳģΪ˲źħӣ˽һЩŵ
ڳУʿȻƼʳ½ɣʵʿҲŵ֣֮һأ³ˣ֮УֻһЩŵӵĴڣǸ߽ʿͨޣǳһЩͨʩչҪٽ󺣣츲أȴ򲻿ġ
Ծӳ˶Է׷ٷΧ֮󣬱ңҲڷһ·Żת϶Уһ·ժҩޣ˻Ұ
ŻȥΪ֪鵽زŻȥҲûãúԼųһ쾳磬а֮һĻɹͬʱҲǵȴзص٣¥ˣѶң̽һС̬ȡ
СȥҪ˵һʿһٸʿһǧʿǰΧˣҲȻ塣
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ҵʵɵһţҲŵϺŵģݴ棬ǰֻһƽŵӣͻͽĵλҲˮǴߣȻͨ飬ΪϣҲʢ
ϣϳˣϾĸ߽ʿܵεģ򣬾СֻǷŮӣҲеסοС㱾ͲǷŮӣ
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һϿһͷӴĺܣһݸţڻּïܲݵϡ
һɾƽĿյϣһѼ翸ŵĺ
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ȻЩӣԼûнԲɣ㽫ȻͬǱ˵
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ܿ죬һ£·¹ӰľɫӰӳ
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142 غɽ
С˵Цˣʲô뢣ɢʿתΪʲôôԲɣȴ˵
ĻɵóǣǿЦЦ
ɣͣʵϣѱޱȽš
ǳСܹǰϻģһأԼǹˣԲɣȴǱǻҪ⣬һСʲôףֱӰԼҲ֡
ȻѾ֪Լ죬ȴǴҩ԰Ϥ࣬Ҳٸʵס
Ȼ俴᲻صһȴվû׷ʡ
һĹūţΪ֮󣬾ȻԳƶСˣǰԳˣҲѹ֣ԹǿǿܹԼūıԲɾģǧѳһҲȷ԰ˣȻѾԲɣǾ͸һȥɣڵ֪֮ˣ͸˳
᲻صѵһ䣬תߡ
͹ˣ
ЩȻѾȥɵʰ飬æϡ
ȴһͷݴСûмľ޴ӥͣڿյϣɵƤһ˷ӥϣ·һߡ
ţôһͷӥ
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ףⲢʲôҰݣǱѱݣǺ͡ѩƣԲĺ飬ѱΪߡ
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Ҳ֪ӵʲôڷӥ𣬳յʱһ㵭Ľƹ⻪ʱоƽȣƽأǴӥԶȥԶɽӣֺգ۵ף»ΪԼڵϡ
ְߣʿַƵĺ취ȻսҲԿж磬ƽȣ;ĵƣôһߣֵͳǧʯ
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ڨڨУȴЩĲΪȻǽͨˣ֣ʵЩ˵ĵǳۣȴǼɱѰ·ΣҲԹͷϵġ
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ˣȻ㴳´Ҫ㣬Ǵ´ģȻҲ֮ŮҲøҼӣȥ˵֮У¶ޱȵš
СôЩ棬ƽ顣
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ҪҽԲҪҪҶС㻹ô£鵤ʧģ˰ɣ쾳磬վֻϲݽ氡
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143 ͽ֮
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ţҿûбҪˣҾֹ֪ƵĵūͷͷӲΪԼӳû˸ҶôҽԾ㿪ɱӺ
㡭ʲô
࿴׹¶ɱڣɵһغ
ûʲô»ӿڳˣ
СӣǸµҪɱɱãרԼͷˣ
ò˵֮عⷵգɲǼ䣬Ȼôһ˿⣬ƽӹ֮ĸ࣬ȻҲһ㣬ֻ񣬾Ͱ˼˸װס
ֻǣʹɱӺ˼ֲö֣зŹĵӺ⾳ʼһ·ͻͽǣֱʮأԲɣٴ޳ӵаö񣬾޶ƸĶɱԽ˵ֺҲΪˣ¶ɱӺô
أֻǶһĵù࣬ͱָһۣһߣ
٣¥ˣǼֶεģȻӦˣ۾ūͣ÷Ůȴؿ
û뵽׾󣬿ʲôˣȻҲֶΡ
ӡ
÷ˣĿ֪Щʲô
ūˣ֮Ҳ˼η壬ûиտʼʱ⡣
ɼˣͽӻȥҲشɱҽе𣬵ضԸū͵
ǣӡūĸҲӦæִȥˡ
ʲôȻҴʮܣɱĳ棿
ϵһͥԺ֮У½ĹūϢȻŭžһеĲ豭ˤڵϡ
һƵļūȻ۵ͷˣΪóӾκβ
ٻһŲ輸ƵɢҵĴɱ̵ĲˮضǣмվýЩŮֱӱ̵ȴ촽պҲҳһڡ
ͥԺһš
ֱйһ֮ͨ󣬹ӲƽϢѹŭʵʮôˣƣϲأ
ӣʮѾҽ߾ˣ˵ΪԪɣֱ۶ˣҲҪȬĹУٺͱ˶䣬²еΣաūæ
ˣ²Уӹһ˿ɣܼҡ
ūڡһԵܼңæӦ
ȥ֧ȡöԪҿʮȥ˵ұչص˹ؼʱ̣覷ȸʮˣ֮ȥѩޣͷ룬˵
ǣӡܼҹص
ӣ㲻Ѿɹ֮ôô˴ûᣬսҪƭ˵չص˹ؼʱ̣覷
֮ͥԺеūʰ˱Ӵ򷭵Ĳߣȫ£һԴЩɳƣջŮ𣬽ţһ޶˵Ůˣһ磬
Ů˳ΪӡĹӣϢʱŵַĿ⣬εͶŮˣȻˮ߰Ķ֫
ˮˣôˣЦЦЩɻʵ
ˮˣǰɽ֮ʱżȻʶһ̻£ȻŮ֮ȴĪ󣬰̻ᾭӪɫŵ˶ҹϽ
ʱĶӣڿྭӪԼŵֳִֻټңӵһϯ֮أڣɫŮӣȻȻͷ
ʹֶΣڰ뷿Уɾͺ֮󣬶Ӳžϲط֣λˮˣȻĹǵڴ֮аٰ㻨ǾͨţܹƾŮ֮˴˵Ĺڶ̶̼֮ڣ͹ﵽԲɵϾ硣
Ӵ֮󣬶ӱ㳹޻䣬ָôŮӣϧȨƣɱɷ򣬰̻ҵΪС
ˮٳɫܸɣҲǷ̼֮з֮֮ǰѾԶʲôؼ֮Ůӣǲӵһϯ֮صģԶһֱڷ磬ֻǳ̽ӣңȴûиֱ֣꣬еλߣŸʱ
ˮƺҲǸˣԴ˶֮󣬱˸һ㣬ԹؼΪӪ̻ᣬıߣ˽Ļŵ˫ؽɫԹ󣬳ΪһϵҪ
ڵĶӣν޻˵²̸Ҫ£ǳʼ
ˮ˵ʣЦһذ§˹̽뻳С
ˮһ˼£ȴ᲻ֻúذ˾䣺ư㼱ģ˵ءȴնҪĦ
ĻֱܵӰһʯϣƿȹ
ãˮڶӻ΢΢ϢһΣ˸ղŵ⡣
Ц֪öԸô׼ȥսң֮ˣɱʲôôͽպ޶ѣעΪѵ飬ǲȥġ


152 ѡϣ
֮󣬹ȻͻȻ˱Ԫǿϲɺذ
۾УţأҲ˲ϳԣ̾˰һʱĲԪȣ繯ȻѾﵽرԪļ
Ĳ֮Уֶһ֮ˣȻƽʱֻһЩ񽻸ҪȥΣ֮£ӵиߵΪиķ㣬׵ġ
ǣ֮УŵӶʦһūͣҪֵط㣬û˳粽С
СܹͻƵأǶ˹ӣΪСȡҩ͹ûԵظп
Ϊūͣһ죬֪ϡĸֵĺ壬ͨūˣûǲ컯ģڴˣм֮ĸʢ
ˣӣʱ·ϣƺ˵ǰ£̸һͻȻһ飬ôֱӰǸɱˣЧֻ²ֱӴ
֮䣬ҲǹĽ飬һͲͬһ˵һֱȰ˵
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Ȼ֪ΪʲôҲ飬ϸ˵ֻú˵
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Сסɻһ
Լ²⵽ˣʮӸ¶ֵԭ
Ȼҵūͣ˲ƹܵҪΪôһȫתûпܣţ٣ҲһЩ
ңСҲδؾЩӿƵֶΣֻǱҪĲðˣÿһҹǿߣҲܵͬĴ
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ţ̧ͷ˿ǡ
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ī㣬īϽãͻȻ⡣
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ȻһģһԪϢвͬԲɵķʦȻŪǵݣϳشԼǽī㡣
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Сҳ󣬹Сļƺų٣˿ת䣬ҲûʲôӦģİõ˽ö˵ķ̡
̲û컣ֻѰԡϴһ֮ȫ»Ȼһ£ԡˬ˯ȥ
Ѿޣī㣬īϽöһۣҲС˯ˡ
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عصѾū澣ǹɹԵߵҲˣʱֻޱȵ³ȥϼӿܣȱУɱ
ī㣬īϽûϤҲ֪ظǲǸùޣǺùޣѾĻʸȥıһý֣ǣֻ½ųȥҪùˡ
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Ϊ۾˵һ죬ôȥˡ
죬С㶼ûлҲû£٣¥ˣҲԲԲɵĹؼͻƣ׷ױչǱޣ£һʱ֮䣬½ޡ
ֵУڸ֮ۡУ飬䣬ԣ˹幫ӵӡ
ֱº峿Ůź£ϴ׼ųȥʱͻȻ֮䣬÷˽
ӣС롣
ôʹңһ£ܿͨؾʿǲͷ¶ٹ켸ҹ˯ԷʳΪҲͨѰ飬Ե֮
뵱ԼõС棬֪ƣһչؾʮ£꣬һصʿ˵ʵ㲻ʲôǧ꣬зգǧꡱĸ߽ʿøӳס
Ǻðɣǰ·ͻȻע⵽Լ˯һҹûйЩŮ÷͵СͶпܣ
֮УƺСΪС㡱ʡһġ֣Ҫһ֮֮УǸɵ
÷Сߣ
ҲֻǻɣûʣҲûбҪʣƽؽǰ·嶥ȥˡ
̤ϳĵɽʯʱ֮ɽһűµСԺС
С㣬ˡ÷ǰСѵ
֪ˣ°ɡ˵
ǣС㡣Ů΢΢ϥӦתԺӡ
ҶҲ°ɣﲻ˷̡
ǣС㡣ʣʶҶǰСĸŮǴ˿̣Ҳˡ
ʱףСҪԼ˵
С㣬ǽɽݼ棬˽ķţСز²ʧʱԼһ˿У˳
УȻĳɷ֣Ҳһ룬¶ڽĻǰûκηˣܹѳֵסܱ򾲣Ѿѵˡ
㵹˼һۣҸջɽ̾ȥݼ棬밲һТɷȥҲΪ˰棬涨ᡣ
˵Ȼ˶˲ţ٣ҲʿķּӵܣǴıңԴĵϵң֮ƣΪˣϵûгоȫţͲҪʵˣ֮Уĸ󡣡
ȴͬ
˵ͻȻһ£ɫ˵


153 ѡ£
ȻףȴҲ׵֮ͣ˵Ҳϵõ˲ţҪǣǸоȫţ֮һ죬Ѿ㣬ҲԼµĹأʱú˵Լѡˡ
ҹȻоȫһ׿ȷϣͲ²⵽ЩҲû̫⣬ΣɫС뽲
һѡ׸һϣ׷䣬ӵߴٺܹʿҹŮҲǧ֮ڣΪѡˣֱǴȶܿԪعеϵңӨǵ񣬻ƽ¼飬ϲã޼գȲؼ½ۣȥ˵
˵ţʯȡһ˵˵ڶѡ񣬾ĸΪĸΪףĸֻˣףԶֻǸӹ
ڵѡǸ׳нʹ㳹׳Ϊҵϵˡ
˵ѡǰΪҵĸӹѡ׸ǰΪĸһ̶ϣɥʧɣԺҲҪѪУΪ¡
ܹõĺôʣǴӴ˷ҡֱϣһɳ졣
Щѡ׼ֻǲ֪µͷʲôġ
˵ѡȫԤ֮Уû˿档
ᵽһе档
Ϊҵϵɻص巢֮ĸȻӣӸͬ˵ֹϵùϣεºܣԳΪҵϵ
ΪˣȻ֪ѪУѪԪҸղžѾ˵Ҳĸϵһ׷Ĵһϵ׵ңѪ֮УҲһ˿ѪֻҪһ˿ѪᴿȫͿʹӸ̥ǣӵдѪͳʱ򣬽ۻܹͬ˵
⡭֮֮䣬Ȼ治УȻ˵ѪͳҲܸı䣿
ѪǣΪӵĸƾѪתᷢʲô飬ҲԤϡ
ļʶ֪ʹԼתΪҵϵʲôãȡͨ˼䣬ħŵӼ䣬֪һЩ߽ʿӵоѪͨԿѪȡ
֪ΪҵϵȻУޱ󣬵ǴӴ֮󣬿¾Ҫܵҽƣǰ;ˣҲҽϵһȴǱ׸ףӳ׵Ͷҡ
Ǻǻ޷ϣҲͽ顣
¹ǰ;ˣʣܷǹٸС𸴣뵽Сʵ
ԡһۣƺԤϵô˵Ҹʱ䣬ȥǣˣҡ
лС㣬ǣˡԼҹŮϣת뿪
ӣˡСԺ֮󣬵÷æӭ
ǻȥɡһۣ˵
۾С
һӼҳϣĿ˼
еŮūͣˣˣҲæµչأûκ˴һƬУϸ˼
һĻĻξݰ㣬ԺΪҩ԰ִ£ٵսսְٵ콵ƣٵˣν
е£еľ˳ͻȻ֣Լûһ̣ã
ҾȻԾϣҵ̤һ¹ǰ;ˣ̫أصҲԳܵĵز
ϸŸѡףͻȻ֮䣬оЩȡᡣ
ʱ˿̵Ȼоȱ׷ɱвʱѣΪ׷ɱвֻħֵɱ֮Щѡȴǰ;ˣеĽУ֮
ʵ֮ʿУѹĲԼһء
ѡƺԼ׷ѰĶͻˣɱ˽֮С
Ҳܵȴδ֪δ
˭Ҳ֪ԽԽ֮󣬵ȴģʲô
ΪΪūͣŻɼû뵽ʹԲɵĵزȻɼұ⼸ѡ֮ѡһȻûоܾѡֹں쾳ĿܣǣѡһԼ׷Ѱĵ·ȥҵĵǷܼ̣ҵǷܱҵǻۣǷᱻҵǷᱻĥ
ģ㣬Լ⡣
ؼ䣬ǻۣߣǣôһһɼţЭȻƽӹ
ѵҲѲ
ǧͷ壬֮£䣬֮עС
ıһˣʹū֮ӱСȻһ㣬֮У֮ߣԶԶȹȥӴࡣ
֮䣬һһɵůӿ֫ٺȻػСһޱ΢ѭ
ѭ·иǾСһһ顣
һԼһ㣬Ѫ⣬ת顣
ӿů
ţ
ͻȻ֮䣬ĸоСԵ޹ʲһ¡
ʲô
ע⣬еС棬뵵ľů֮УƯһ档
һȭͷСɢ˿˿׹򣬷·Сꡱ죬ΧܵĿӰŤתۣ֮С
ƺӯ֮ܿʹӶ׸ɫůγɵŨҺ棬ȻֹͣϣռС
࡭
࡭
࡭
ľȻûֹͣţʮ򣬸˳һһݰ֡
ʮϢЩӿֳĹѾﵽǧֵ֮࣬ǣЩӦĶȻû˿Ĳ֮У·Ǳһ֣ޱȵѱȫ޺Ĵڡ
֮ʱͻȻ㵵ط֣ԼԲ֮һĹΪͻȻʼ춯ˡ
Ⲣ˵Щڻɢ෴ۣϣΪһ壬ѹΪһִûм
·ʶͷһ㣬翣·֮ʧˣܣȴֻڣһ޵״̬
·о˵ʶЩģˣ֮У·𿴵Сѿһ졣
˿˿ɫů˳


154 飬Ѫ
ЩСɫůͬȥܹЩǴһ˵֮УԪĳأʵ
˵ǰԪ֮ͬĺʵôЩɫůǿƮãã˿֮У翣ޣ·һ񣬾ҪƮߣɢȥ
ͬʱڤڤ֮Уһǿƥ־ԺС
춦
𣬷·𿴵˼һ㣬¶𺳵飬漴ȴޱȵĿϲ
ԭ־ǱģСıԴʶ
ҲǴ˵֮Уͨ飬顣
СȻӵ飡
ζʲôУǳ
Ѿ֪Уú죬죬ͨ飬õĴ󾳽磬ַƷͨɽʶ飬ЩǺ취ܺöޣ취ȴʿռĵرķѪƶɣʿƥС
취֮ϣзͨ飬е󣬾ͺ񻨲ľʯǣ޳ʶͨķΪãܣһ㣬Զ취ܼ
ߣǿ飬ܹͬʿһԺԲȹ٣
ѾõԳΪ֮У˴˵֮е֮⣬ΪǿĴڣ˸ǧš
й²⣬ԼСǷǵס
ԭС춦ǵһǷǳǿĵе飬Ѿ֮Ѿ飡֪ΪΣСƺܹشһֱδֱȥȫΪ㣬ѹ
ʱҲΪȱþѪķŵѪȴ֪ʱûгɹСֻ֮УСѪָ֮ıܣ֮Уҵ壬ҺΪһ塣
ȵָҪһָʱѾܲɷˣı壬ҵѪںһóȻ룬ؽǡ
ʱŪ壬ԼõС
ԭǵ飬ǳ֪ľѳۣӲװһ㣬ǱڣСȡĲ־α
֪è壬ֳСĺôҲɣɱ֣ܵ㹻Ҫ룬ȥ
һЯȥҪʧȥ֮ѰԲֵʵȱ˸٣˲ӳս湦Ҳ޷ʩչ˵ǴԭΡ
Ҳڤڤ֮⣬ΣʱСĽȻ٣ҽ֮ʱպҲڳԲɣѪ䣬Ѳ⣬һСҲٲ֮£СֻһΪֳ˳գֽ֣ʣ¶ɻص壬ݷ
ֻôһشʣ޼ıͶӰ޷ά֣òγ
Ѹ٣ʯ֮䣬Ѿ˽ȥ֪˴֮䳨飬ûթƭĿܡ
飬ѾߵɽˮĵزΨһĳ·˶ΣΪԪ֮Աȫ
Ҳ
˫֣ͻȻ֮䣬ɿ췭һޱµӡʽɫǰ
ɫ·ɣֻҪһͻɢ֮䣬ֵǣֵʱ򣬿ʼСѷɫůȴܵǣ㣬չ˹£С
أɫԽԽŨأ¶飬岻ĵơ
ƣ
о磬Ҳеƣͨ󷨣ĵĹؼ
˿еŷͨɵɣһۿȥȻ壬ֱš
鴫֮ٻĵ飬Ҳ
е־ȫɷ۶ɵķ֮ϣŷѾʧ۲ˡ
壬Ԫ࣡һĳɾͣһԪĳɾֻͣж߼汸һ̤𻯷ɵǶȱһǳɾɢɣڣȱʧ
춦飬ȻѾ˱ıԵٲЭûнˣҲʧȥ춦İƽӹ
˫Ӯ˫ܣѾûѡ񣡡
֪Ѿʱ̣ԥԺ۷徳΢ʶ֮УѰ
֮е磬临ӣ·һӴԹһʱ䣬ڲҵһ޴ĶӰ̫һصƣΧģһĺӰζš
ӰģһֵӰԼ
Ӱ춦顣
춦ƺǷǳ˵ĴڣѾȹٵĵزȻûлΣֻձܣȡѪԪԪȫԼԼ۳һΡ
춦
ʱѾ֪С֣ȴǲ֪ƺԼȱʧһЩ䣬ҪȻҲɳǱڻ˴ˡ
Լ֣黹ǼǵõģһЩĳʶҲȻǵá
Σ
ĴȣڷģֵӰ
·𿴼֮УѪԪѨ֮ӿӰȥ
ľѪԪ飬飬ӴԺλһ壬ϵԽܣҲֱ˴ˡ
Сѡҽά裬ǲ֪ǰ;δΣлԼˣֻһᣬҲֵһ
ʵҲ֪ôʲôȻѡô
ǲƭһ˫αѾûѡҪôСңҪô飬ȡһĻᡣ
ȥδӣ˶ѡ
ȻǴˣңǸĴˣѡȡֱôһ·
Ȼʱ䶸
ʶ̽ӵķ֮УһһѪƾճ֣
⸱Σͺ޴ĶӰһˣˣѪ֪ӰǻˣʵϣԼµϵЩѪһǴԼӿֳģ
˼ЩѪһ﾿ʲôǾڽ˷֮еӰ
ӰЩѪ֮𽥱һ޸߹ľɫŮ㣬ǰ
ô
⸱ģ۾Ȼɴ
޸߹󣬶һľɫŮȻСģû˿޵ͷеֻǾ㤵ͷȻûдﵽɢĳ̶ȣҲðһˣ˼άͣ١
⵽ô£ѵұˣ


155 С
ĵһͷԼˡ
ҲѹͷʵΪͷԪľ֡Щ壬ͱ֮ϵ쳣£ۻΣԻǺͱϢϢء
ܵ۵ӣܳΣӣһͷҲһ˿ѪҲһǣԲԵ޹ʡ
飬ȻγģԵɣѰζ
ˡ
ȻʱŮͻȻڽһдЩãͺ棬
ͬʱԼ֮ͻȻһ֣һϮ°ȹϣ£òʣٵװ磬£⣬ȫһģһˣҪˡ˵һ㤡
С㡭
侲Ϊ֪СԣίߣҲܽԼΪˣֻ飬ŻΪԣǰŮȻСһģһС㡣
ô⸱ģüͷ壬ɫЩʵ
Ҳ֪Ů˵ԭδΣشòǰΣڤڤ֮У컯ʲôģԼܹƵġ
ǻۼߣոջΪΣ㶮úˣ˵Ҳޱų֮졣
˵Ѿõˡ
õΪ֤ϵӴ˰ܹ֮ͨ䣬ΪǿĴڡ
һΣǱʹ˹̶ĸ̥֮Уض첻㣬һ㣬ͨǵķԸ绯ΣѡԱڣԿ׽٣ȹ׽ٴԽ࣬ʵҲԽǿ
ʲôܹƣʱ򣬻֪ɵЩֻǹò
ò뱾ѪԪ컯ķϢϢءŮ˵⸱ģȴĴ֮ѪйأҲΪˣҲҪΪ
֮ѪһݻУƼˣ֮Ҳд֮壬֮壬ʵ˵һƣЩϳ˵°빦һЩ칦ǵҪ֣֮֮ͯһ㣬ֻΪУضʢ˥ôʲô֮Ѫ
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һ֪ŮʲŻӵе⾫Ѫж֮ôС
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СЦˣ룬ܹΪĸӴ֮ҲǸСΪ㣬ܹΪЧԽ˳ʱ˿̣Ըǽ죬Ŵδ
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167 һ
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˽ȻͬķӦɵһЦͻȻ֮䣬ץ裬־㵵Ŀ֮Уֱ۶Ȼ٣߸ߵ
һ
䣡һȭ䱬Դ
˽ľ룬Ȼ֣쾳磬
춦ȫ߶
أʬקڶͻأǰ֣޿һ㣬ɽȥ
㡭һĻĺ
ͬһһȥԲʦҲܵ˼ĳ֪תˡ
Ȼת񱼣ӵȥأʵѾԶԶ񣬾ͺؾһ㣬ûκϣ
Ѿˡ
㲻صģҲûдɱ㡣ȴһۣ˵
ĺȻţȫ䱸
ΪǸԶŵˣߣҪ֣ȫֵֵܼ˶٣һУУֻУ
仰ĺеĽ䱸ȥΪ֪˵ʵ
ҵʵȷ޷սʤ㣬͵οˣΪԲʦΣҲѼţһκɱ붯ֵĻ;ˣҪԴУȴҲܵģҽսסĺ˵
ȻЩԸԼˣղŵսѱʵԶԶԽˣﵽ͵Ϯ޷ȡʤĵزƣ䵽³
ȴԸ֪УҲҪս
еɫмʶһоһҪһڣΣֻҪϼҽ۾ӣΪЧҾͷһ
ϷŹңĺһ¡
Ϊʲôϣѵ䣬ʲôһԲɸֵЧӱԲɸ֣ǿΪЧһʲôҪɱ㣿ĺɣݲȵ˵οҲһ𣬶֮ȤҪƿ֮ǵ֣ǰ岻ɣϰң绢
ȷԩ޳еҲֻϮɱѣȫɱйߣҲԷŹңҰȡ֮ȫһ֮䡭ĺüΪΣҪɱҲɱ
һɻҲѽ顣
ˣղŵΣҲûпѵΪ֣Ҷ࣬˵־֣ЦֻҲȫԸĻھѾ˰ɣǣҲԻȥӽõŵĺô
Ҳ֪ˡĺ΢ֻΪ¬ӣû뵽Ըˣŵ֪ģղŵΣȷû취֣ΪҪɱ裿ԶʤңʵҲѵõǣ˵еߣϮɱжӵļƻŲõģԵõİƿصɴᣬס
𣿹ȷмСҲǵʸ񣬵ҿóǼǹʹΪ˸ߵһǣҲνǻۣҲʷᣬмͷ˶ѣǵˡ
ǵȻҶԲɸ֣ϣ죬˭Ҳʹ˭ĺ˵
ǣʹ㣡ҪΪЧն˵СҲϲԸΪЧҲҪҲҪɱȴԭ򡣡
ⲻܣ㻹ɱҰɡĺɫһ䣬ղΪ˵ЧֻͨЧȴû뵽ҪԼΪЧ
Ҳ˵ӽ֮󣬳ͷβصеһУİš
һԲɸ֣ȱһԲɸ˵޷̵ģ¾ʹҲù˵ūš
㣬ҲѹҪɱˣڣίߣٰԼؼʱ̣ѣĸ֣ҲԳܡ
ģҲֻʹѣȫɥʧϺɡĺ˼Ȼף͵ЧҲõģֻҪΪЧʮѣʮ֮һǰ̣ٻһжѡ㡣
˵Ϊ䣿Ľͣĺɫ΢͡
ū䣬ͬЧݵλȻͬõϺɣҲ֮ûдū䣬Ϳˡ
뵽ôĿģĺֲɵЩ䡣
ҰҲСС㾡ľ㣬㾹Ȼûн죬ɽͷͼƿأ
֪Ȳ˸࣬Ȼ뵽Ҳࡣ
û˭ϲһֱʾ£ѵ𣿡΢΢һЦÿɷ񣬡׻ʳĶ̫ûеλ֮ǰҲҪ󳼣ᵳӪ˽ΪľǹԼĵλȻСҲһֱҵūͣѵԺҲҪһӵūͣûԼôУһĸֱ֣Ϯɱңû񲻳ԿԼܹӦҲˣһ´أ
Ҫ֣Ȼԭ򣬲Ҳûдĺȫг˵죬ĺ˼
ðɣҴӦˣһǾ仰ȻΪЧҲϺɵģҪūңɴֱӰɱˡ
ĺȻҲǴˣ˵˵ߣܹԲɣӽģĸǴˣһֱ䵱죬ָӣҲֻڶǻ۵κѣ豻ɱĺʱ֮䣬㿪ʼԼ
εط֣ίҲãʵҲգֻܴӦǲӦԣֻԼܾһ˲䣬ְܳԼɱˡ
ʱǲĸ󳾣
һǾ仰ۺʱɱңҲܣսףԴС
¶֮ĺٶвĻ˵ˡ
ҲΪ⣬ֱӴӴȡһöںʯͷĵ衣

ҩĺɫһ䣬ȴûԥӹ̳ȥ
ȻȥɣҰˡ˵
ĺûд𻰣תȥ
ˣԵģǸղʬѪĴΪβɳƭ˵ǶҩɻԺ
һ飬Щʲôúջָƣ¡ĺ뿪ȻӦȻһҲ뿪ԭء
֮صԼۡ
飬ѸղǸû͸˷ų
ָģ֡


168 
ѶˣԸūͻȥ˯û鷢ߵһûбƻķ䣬춦зų֡
˿̵֣Ϣȫޣͺһʬסţϸ̽ԪҲԲ쳣Ȼ춦ͼᾫȡʱȴһ޵иֹ֣ʧ
Ȼû룬ʵǰˣƺκãʲô취ܰ˾Ȼ
ǵԼǰȹȻʱܹڵȻҲ
춦У֮ΪԭʼԪֻҪȥ󣬰ԭʼԪڣӦÿ԰ȻԺ𣬡ԭʼԪɾᴿⶦдҲ࣬Ҫˣ
࣬Ƕ٣Щ⡣
ֻʮˡˣҪһ
ʮΪʮʮһʣŵΣ֮ʱȻʹãһǸġҾ֣ûбҪȫһֻҪͿˡ
ʱѾ֪һ깦൱һԲɸְȫԪΪȫµһԶԶԪһֱԪ߲ε
ÿһȰʤ޼ܹɲٿء
һԭʼԪƷҲǰϵֲһҲ˲ֲ
Ҳ˵Ժ쾳磬ֻᴿ벻ξء
ңԭʼԪԶԶֻ̣ͨͨҪѸͿԵõԭʼԪȴҪľٴܵõԴõ춦ջۣټʮҲŻ۵ʮ
Ϊ춦ƺشкķĵط෨ʧ飬Ծţ죬޸ǵϣҲֻˡ
Ҫ춦ڽ壬ʱѾѣ٣ûлεĶ飬ҲҪ
¶ģԥһְϣԴԴϵԭʼԪע֮Ͱ

ԭʼ֮עһʱ־˹ʱһ
ԡϢ󷨡αװȥ㾹ȻҴͽ
ΪҪʬйޣŷװ
ˣұ졣΢΢üһҺĺѵԴ˵𣿡
ʲôҾ𣿡һ£漴֣ԼƹȻѾ˴룬Ȼθ֮仹ЩܣȴѾû֮ˡ
ڴ֮ǰ׳ʿԶֵƣҲȫϡ
㵽ʲôֲСȻΪźģɫЩѿ
֪ˣúˣҪͼߡû򿪷ţ˳ȥ
֪֣ڸУԼҲûа취ܣټ˲ΣԪת֮䣬ΪҲֻüĿ
ڶܿ쵽ĺ˼һջǲΥ˼Լǰһ߽ͨãͼе֣ɵɴ۾
֣㾹Ȼûĺ㵵
ĺҲ֮û뵽Լ֮оȻлڡ
ˣҪҲԵȵԺ󡣡ĺһָۣߵӣɡ
ĺЩɵ
֣ôûû˵ĺҲóȻڣȻ֣ô¡
Ҳ֪ᣬȴҲ֪ĺк棬΢΢˶۾
Ǽң˶Ѿˣʵڲǰĺ̾
ôֺĺʶѾã˲ٵĶĺƺип
¾֪ˣҲµòнֻܴӦˣǲӦֻ׶༪١
ĺҲҰѰд̫֣±׵һ䣬ȴΣҲٶ˵ˡ
֪йǣҲֳĬû׷ʡ
֪һɻΪʲôҪҲ¸ǣҾҪЧĺѾѡ֣Ҳѡһ·ɣҪͶһ̣һ˰ˣ
ɱڵĻƽ˵ȴΪˡһ̡·֮ϧɵÿЦһ
ΪޣΪ⣬ѡʲô
͵Ϊ֣᲻ϧͶˡ˵
Ļش˳˼ֺĺһϱūۡ
֮Уʦ𳤣Ȼеһʦ֣ҲԸ⳼ˣӴ֮һˣǲкôãܹʹöġ
ܺáаص˼ҹ֮£ҿԵûзҲǰɣöʥҩǷʳ֮󣬶ƴ棬ȥɡ
˵֮䣬ָһţöڵĵ裬Ʈȥ
һĻͫһĶɤ˳
ţָʹԪѾﵽٿصĵزľ磬ǰһ죬ԪҲתΪ޸
Ѳµȱ£ȴû뵽˾ء
˿չֳĶٴκݺݵһѡֶΣٶҲͨ
лʦʹ͡˶һۣµ裬˼̷ȥ
ʹ죬ͲҸǵǶҩˬ죬ɫʵ
ʦ˵ЦˣȻҲ֪ʦָǳԵʲô书ĵزʲô涾綾Ч΢ˣǶԲЧģֱض֮ļֵͲһ֣ʦóԼǣҲǿǶˣҲáΪػش
ʵǸղųµģȷǶҩĻشɫص
ţĺˣɫ΢䡣
飬ϣϣ
ȻϳϣͲҪɱǡ
Ǵɷģֶҩ涾Ӱ֣㱻ҷϵΪʳ֮󣬷洦£ضԲɣʧΪֲȻĵؽ͵
ڽ͵ͬʱҲȻв
һ֮ûдõҩô˵û洦ʴѪ⣬֮ȫŧƤʴԲɵľ֣ҲһҪܾĥ
ǲŵĻһ֮ԼֻߣץʱһؾȻԻ⡣


169 ͼı
һ˵һ˿Ҳʧˡ
һ֮ڣ죿ҲõУ˺Ϯɱ΢СϣڽĵɴϵõԼǷȱ֮Ȼһʱںգٻʱ䣬Խ
ڣ˵ѾԲɵԲ㻹Բɵľ磬ҲҪʱ侫ˣܵ壬ָ۷״̬лһ·вͨ
ĺҲûлһǿͨӵܹƷԲɸֵ涾ҲȻ֮£Ĭ
ˣҲ޻˵ϾǶȵģɱ˺ɱ֮ʦûҪǵǾ͸мˡãֲĵص
ĺҲ΢΢ͷϣһúܿ
ܺãǶо򣬲Բɸ֡Եһʹ˵ʡʡģҲȥ˱˴֮¼ɣԼһЩҪ鷳
Ȼ̫Ҳã֮ǰ裬Ͳ£ǰ£˵׼ֵߥޱˣƿأʱ򣬾ͲǼ򵥽ͷöˣȻѣΣ¶пܡ
ǴԷģǱ֮ˣֻҪǿЧҲẦǣ֧ǣ죬һɳ죬Ҳи
֪ԲɸԸʲô仰Ͳ롰족ȻĺеĹʣȻҲ˸ǰ;
˶٣ֵҾһҪ飬иǣ֪ǿϲϰæ
ʦֵԸǣαؿ˿Ца̣ʵ̫αˣ˵ϣҪȥ
ϰæвϵô
ʦ֣Ǻ£ĺȻϻʵʵĶ
ɴ֮¡
ŶʦҲ˵ܸ֮ȤҪ֣ǰĺнʱ˵Ļ
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Ȼʦͼı֮ˣԵ߾ȫ¾ӡԺλȫţʵɲ⣬Ҳ֮Ǽ˵ֻ¶ӻǼλӦԣʱô죿
ĺ֣Щ˼ɡ
ǾͲطˣҼȻȡȻȫ׼˻֣صʱֻܸϳ߾ܣ̨϶־Ϳˣ̨µ飬һһ
ȻˣԸЧͣҲһܹεĻɷֵԼ֮ĺЩֻҪԼһݣĶ׸ʦ֡
ߵ»쾭֮£кβɣˬӦ
ǡڴлʦˣ˶һۣеһ˿ҲʧĲǿ̱Ѷ֮ˣԶƣҲֻǵ䣬ūҲͿԷˡ
սĿãܹԿӵˣǿߣǻ£пһԵ
뵽㷲˼Ҳڰʼȡôˡ
֮Уʦʦ֣ͬˣǺձ飬Ǽûд̰ԼԼūʹĴ㣬ҳ϶١
ȥ֮Ѳ˽
ӣҪһμӵɴ᣿ʱҲ֪һЩƻЩǵʵ
Ȼȫǽ죬Ȼңңڣ֮ؽ°빦֮ҪıҾܹ֮ڽ죬ҪôУ˿ãʲôɷ
ĺֿеġ¾ӡԺλᣬҲˣӰȰˣȴǲµģβμӴᣬкộСҲӸ棬пܣ֧֣ϾҲӽܵ顣
оһ
Ψһģǰǰʮ֮ǰǰֻܵõʮݣֻаǰ壬֮ܰŪ֣ӷѾĻŴζԸң֮ҾһҲʣ£
˶ֻοŴΰе˶ԸҲﵽ͵ļˣݺݱȥ
ݵıֶΣ˶ɾǻǰ;ˣǶԶӵݵˣɱ֮棬ǰ;ȴǴͼ˵
ҵƻŭ⣬¬ӻ˿䣬ŵӣԶԶҪ࣬ɽ¾סһЩϳ˸֣Բ֣ҲǣȻ壬ǾסҪúñԼУûбҪ
Ѱ䲼ոۡ룬û˸Υǣʲôū˵Υ£ҲԹǡ˵
ţ򣬶ĺˣҲ¾ӢֵæֻҪȥǷǣͲˡ
ֹһ죬Ѻ˶ʱе΢СеԪ䣬Ϣ㾫ȫָص˶֮ǰԲ覡
֮;ޱȼÿһսÿһشܹ绬ľ޴ʧ֮Ԫÿʧһ֣һ֣ҲҲ
Ҳǵʱ־ʧԭʵ춦ǿо˾аԸʱչֳҲǳޣֻҪ񣬱Ԫȱᾫķδܹɹ߶Ҳ޷绬ˡ
߶治ףһʶѾﵽ۷壬ڲһЩ΢СˣЩ΢Сûеõʱƣٳɶ࣬ﵽ쾳硣
ʱҲظܵԵҪ
׼Ҫ飬ȴȫ޹ء
ѾȫȬҲʱȥݷһλˣΪжȥ̽̽ڷ硣
뿪Լġ۾ӡȥ
ϣΪ֮⣬ԼӣʮӣԼҹӣС㡣
סڷ嶥߸ϣɽʮԺ䣬ֱġ۾ӡӵġ¬ӡ˵ġӡӡӡժǾӡɽӾӡ
ЩˣѴǡ¾ӡԺطˣȴ˽⡣
շĺ֮Ҳ˼ͶϣΣҪı֮Ʋˡ
ϾҲԲɵĸ֡
˴ԼһʱʹԼľɽһ࣬ǰ˵ҲɽʮУۡģ˵ھӣһֱûаݷá
ʲô
֮ʱһ䵭洫˳


170 ˵
ۿȥֻһƮƮҳְĿӣӸۡǰͥ˳ǡˣ褡
Ϊ֮褣ҲƣӢ쳣ϴαɱλ񽣹ӡţӦøԵʵ
褣òȡ֮ӿصģǱ˴˵ľʣԼʵԶԶԷ֣Ȼиܵ˷ͬһϢǺԼһ㣬벽̤ϵ֮·˷µľҲѹܹѪӦá
һòӵɡ
㲢ӭң΢΢һЦ
νӭӭ֮޽飬ͻȻҪֻΪɽ壬ۿ羰褷ǳӲ˵ʲôҾֱ˵ɡ
ó޺øУҲύ
Ȼ˿оһҲ²ȻΪ˹۹;ֻһ䣬βμӵɴ᣿
Ϊ˵ɴ᣿üЩͷصȫɴᣬû˿Ȥ
˱á̬ȣûŭΪͻҰǰ壬õʮ֮󣬻˸һݹ
㡣䶪һ䣬תȥˡ
ûϲҲûоܾ
ǳֵһˡ
ǸƫƧӡ߽ȥԼһûУɵҡͷЦˣȥ
ת뿪һ¾ӡ
¾ӡˣһϼķּС㣬ã䲻ȣû褵Ӳչ黹ǰӭȥһ̸ֻɴʱ¶һھ֮
֮һ£漴ЦϼʦãҪʨӴ󿪿ڰ
ʦܣʨӿڣϼһҲΪŮ֮áɫ֮䣬Ϊʦáüͷһ̻ҲҪݣѾܸˣαôС
¹شֻҲɣЩȡֵĻɵðҡͷ֮ѾǵĽˣƤӾܵõǲμӴᣬƴƴˣԿ
Ȼ˲ôġϼЦ˲μӵɴᣬһܹΣҴ˲μӵɴᣬһܹΣұջ֮Ϊһ仰ͷҪ
ô˵һҪˣѲǵҩ԰ūͣʱףЦѣͬʱƣޱȫͷţӴƥԪк䡣
ʦ㣡
⣬غŮ˳𾪵ؿˡ
û£ǳȥɡϼŮͬʱЩȵؿн䱸֮ɫһš
ݣˣ֮ǽ𣬻УԵĶСã¿ڣնصʦãȱһȻûԲɵľ磬ҲΪԤ֮־ڱصãǶǱҲҪᣬҲΪġ
Ŷ𣿡۾ȴʮ㣬˵֮Ҳƺȷ£ſڿӣɵó
ȱһȷֵ࣬Ҳ֮һ׷ߣ˵ʲôҲҪȡһˣԣһݽоһݻоɡ
ϼ̬ȣ̸֪ȥҲ̫ı仯ˡ
ϼĵ߷ǳԣִֻҪַָ¡
Ȼº֣ⲢĳԣϼˣҪҲô׶ԸģӮҲⲻҪЩۡ
Խǽӽ쾳磬Щ۱ԽпǷŵӣ⿴ñ֮ΪýĴʧɵòʧ
ãʦܹȻˬ죬Ǿô˵ˡӦϼɫ̺ÿ࣬д顣
ϼ뿴ֵˡԺ
ԺˣΪ࣬ͬһּС㣬ߵۡǰʱѾ֪߷ңĴ˵Ȼڳ̣ӭ˳
ʦܣǺ£ôпĴߣ
ʦ㡣ɫһš
һʦ㣬ĸԸΪȻ֣࣬ƺԼΪѺãȫû褵ĮϼԶ
ЩˣزʶҲ֪ԼĺøоǴġ
ðãҾʦݳӭЩܳȴɫص
ʦܲؿϣǵһҺԺͣвӭ֮ԺˣǽţҲ롣΢΢һЦ󷽶ֲʧȤ˵
ʱԴŮøдƺڤڤ֮УȽͶԵһ㡣
ȥ֮˫̸ֱһЩ¹Ŀ׻˵ǣ̽Ҫɴǰף֪ʦʲô
ʦܵʵǰ岢ѣֻҪû˳ᣬԲ֣ҪףֻЩѡļƻƬ̣ɫѵ
лʦѣҼȻд˼ƻô׼֮⣬ЦѾĺʦܣʦܣλ䣬٣¥ˣټңһˣôҲûмֳɹϣ
ĺ֣УƺЩȣǲǱҪǰôôͶЧˣ
˵ʦֻҪ֪ѾӦ־ͺˣҡ¾ӡλҲѾӦᣬҲºʦ˵ʵҴ˷ǰΪʦһŵʦӦмǰԼǰ¾ӡ򵥽һ£ȻԼҪ
ҪҲ᣿ϣಢû˳˵Ŷʲôŵ֪ʵĻֱӵ˳
˴󷽣Щ֪ˣ˶񣬾ùĨҲǶ࣬Դ󷽳ϡ
ͽǰ˵
ҪҲᣬҲԣֻΪʲôҪô΢΢һЦЩ˵
Ȼʦһ񡣡֪ԲɸֶǷ֮ӣ־ʵǾҲ۷óʵڵĺô޷˵ģֱӾͰԼļ˳ʦֻҪʲôͿԵõһֶ֮Ϊ
룬ԸӴ󷽣֮ʦѡʲôԶԡ
֮˼壬ֵ֮ģеʱԲȻһĲֵȴҲǸź
ֵ֮ӡ


171 ɾӣ
һ֮ѡЦˣ㿪ЦˣʵҴһʼûдμӵɴᣬҪǰĻɲңҲûбҪҺô
Ȼδ죬ǽڼ㶫ǲġ൭˵ЩȻ
ôʦһ̫֮٣ɫʱЩá
ҵ˼ǣҲҪ֮ղ˵ĻҲֻǺʦܿЦѡᣬƽؽ͵ʦܲҪᡣ
ĻЩˣܹģȻƽӹŻȡôԼ󻯲ǺϺ飬࣬ȴƺû㡣
֪ô˵ЩͻǶǰͬҪҲָɴᣬұȻҪȡ֮ʦǰȴ˿ȡʦҪԴΪ֣ϵĿȱЦȻؿ˵һҲ
ԭˡԵʾãܲЩɣصҾлʦˡ
̸Ƭ̣ŻѰ˸ڣ뿪Ժ
йŹ֣ʦ㣬һйŹ֡
ȥ̸֮ϸڣԽоŹ֣ҪĽŲҲͣ
̽Ѱ
뵽ȥûкԺһ㣬߽ʯȻԶ룬תһȦͻȻˣ춦
֣գ
һ˶˽ȥʧͬʱԭسһС߰ɫԪӣܿͷɻغԺ
һΣǱûоκˣܿͰԭ·أҵȻеࡣ
֮ǰ褣ϼͬ뿪֮ಢû̳Ŵ֮Բʦؾֻһ֮ңÿʱỵ̈൱ģͬͬȸ֣˵ùȥߺȻ˷ѹЩˡ
üͷƺ뵽ʲôɫһһףǳŹ֡
ڸʲôа棬Խ̾ԼȻˡ
͵˽ΪȻʲô񷨵ţɻȻҪ֤һ
Сش߶ţ΢һС춦ǰȥȻ䵽ǰϡ
ֻ֮ңȻܰʶ⣬ⱻ˷֣ܸǣȡǿģܿ΢΢̾һȻ⻽һ̵Ů˽
ʦ㡣ŮҲǺϳ˵ŵӣԸ׷Ĵʦ㣬ɽԳƺΪʦ㡱һū˵ġС㡱
ãղλʦΣƺʲôò⣬׽
࣬Ȼ׽ĸ̸ңڶУ仰ʱ䶼Ҳɵ¶˾֮顣
ƽʱǲɫǸɼ˿оȵĳ̶ȡ
ʦΪԲɸ֣ȻŮȻ˵
Ҳŵȣ㣬裬褵ΡౡСӣҪָ֪֪ʲôʵشҡ
ŵȣϣһЦʦ˴𰸣ֺαң
СӣôĵȻҴȤʦ㡣ʱΪ֮ᣬվ׷ƽӹŮӣɬ֮󣬺ܿ侲˵ҲԣҵȻһūģʮǰֻͨƽһõСܿƽƣӵڵĳɾ͡
ӹµˣȻΪ̫ãƾӵڵĳɾֻͣҵԲɸ֣֪ûô򵥡
ҪԲɣʣǣԣЩȱһɣѾ˷Եðңһ㣬ҵܸܵó
һһ˵ţƺڸƺᶨԼľģĸֺôŵ㣬һһгר¹๦ǰϣŪ
ٺӣ񽣹ӡ֮ĳͻҲ̸
ϢƺΪͨ
䲻ҪףǼѾ׶༪ˣ̶ֳܹȣ֤ƽˣţ
ϲõȻǷϲŵõȴܳ˷绯һɳ죬Ȼһ΢ĩū֮ӵĳɾͣǰ;ضԴӽԺҪͽ۾˴˻ͨϢȻ󡭡
ϸȥСضʲô
⡭Ȼϸ΢ȴһֲ䣬Ժ֮УԣҲ㾪ý˳
ܿͿסɳ嶯һϢŲƳ֮⡣
ԭԸȴʲôıƣҲҪӺǡ෴Ҫֺãύ
ľګ壬ʱҲףǿԼҪһοͲľګˣ˼һ͸ӵһҶ֪ı죬ԺܿͻȻ֪಻Լ֮ԭ
ɾӣɾӰ
Ҳ֪ǸңǰԿЦоζƿһ㣬пࡣ
ܿ죬ʰ飬侲
ѾԲɸ֣ڼ˵ǰ;ʦܹϣҲǺֻƺЩԹãĴռϣֻķ֣
һҲ湻ģǽҲûк֮ǣһ֮ʲô
޵һ÷̾ⲻ׷ŮӵļŮӵļҪ֮еŮӣˡӡӡҽУҪˣףֻնϳһˣ֮ҲֻռҲܹӸľ磬˵Ǻ塣
ˣҪˣȥɣ벻ɣԵʵѾ˽ż᲻֪¶Ҫ˳ӱģ
նϺصԼۡʼΪ֮Ĵ׼
ʵҲûʲôҪ׼ĺˣöͨҩټӲʩ£Ҳòμӵɴкô˿ĲͼˣȫԸ٣¥ˣҲԴѶ֮ƻϻţ˵ͻڼ֮ͿԴﵽԲɾ磬ϻ
ͣԲѾãû̫ĽϣԴӵõʮöϣӣʱͻƣҲȻ
ͻʧܣҲ֣ǾǴ˴ӣʱų̂䣬Ҫ˵ˣɸͨյūȥҲԲսʤ׷ŭȲѣҲ׼ô


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϶ȹһʱ䣬ÿǰ嶥áϰزء
ūͳҹӣප£Զţ֪黭ּգչ֮Ŷݼף֮ЩŵӶóļաһͳͳᡣ
ͨģֻǼߵĹʲô߼ɫرֻʩչʩչ
һֱͣں쾳磬ıǮȻʮۺ񣬵ؾŵȣԵЩ׽ˣ֮࣬Ҳʼţϰա
һʱ䣬ݷ褣ϼ˵飬ȻûдģĴȴҲûڣܿ죬¬ӵĶ󣬾ͽӵϢ
ĺֵ꣬Ҳ

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ңɴȻûжڣҲڽУóѣҵ֮ûָˡ
ӣӦԣˮҲѵķ֮죬ԶԶ񣬶˵ĺֵĵ꣬еֲ
һʱ֮䣬еͷ顣
Բɵĸְ˵˵ˣѵǸؾܣܣؾܻͣϣ뿪ٲ壬ţʱ򣬷޷μӵɴˡ
ûؾȴؾҪ£Ȼֶܻܣʲôǲģ˵
飬Ϊɵģһ㣬ʵﵽ쾳޵еĵزʹԲɸΧû̫á
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һθе
һֻ룬
ڲ֪죬ԼҵճӵݣȴһūκβܣֻؿŶԷб׳Ŀŵرսɴᣬ׼ʮ֮ȫ
ûб¶κԵ˼ȴܸܵһ⣬һԵĸоȻ
һֲãȫǳԼģڱ
ı
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˲ȴģҲҩ԰ūͶѣͼӣһѣôܻĻ᣿
ֻ̾Ϣȴû⵽Լûлشˮ˵⣬֮УѾʼرܡ
ˮĵУӹһ˿ײıģӣȱżūҰ취
һ˼ң̼֣ʲô취ͷػ˻֣ˣȾ䣬һжɡ
ˮ˶˶촽ƺ˵Щʲô󣬻ǳĬ˳ӵص˵ͷ
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˽⣬Ҫֲ̫ʲô㣬ϾҪ¶ţȻǳǾΪȴһһʵԲɸ֣ټϣ춦зˣǶ֡
һȺ˺ܿͰ鱨˽һǺ⣬о꣬޴¿ڡ
ӽڼѾ޷ֹˣȻΪҵճӣֻҲ
һŰֺ룬̼ģˣҡͷ̾
ײĸ֣ܶԸˡ
һеˣƺҲó˽ۣһ£Ϊײκε
ҲֻˣΪʥ̴ƣֻʾ̳Ƿûֱ֣Ӳӡˮ˵ĮȻƺУѾΪһˡ
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ΪΣˮɫһţ漴ҲȻˣӻӣ壬ĵ̣ͣǲڷϳµģɱС
ֻҽûг磬ѾնˣϾŲƷ󶼱ƿأգ⽵٣Ҹֲܷ֣̽òʧ
ǰ¿ףǣ󡣡
Ϊؼģݣһ򵥵Բɸ֣ͨӣҲûǰ㼬֡
Щڿҡʥ̡εˣƺӵԶ˵ļʶͨף֪һЩ˲Ż֪أȻͨˡ
֪ˡˮˣȻҲ൱ͷۣ֪βܶԸҲóȻֵģΣðѴ̳
㳤˵ò̳ɡ
ϵļߣƺҲ൱ͬ
ˮ˵ȡѶдģ˿еġ̳
һˮУһſհ׵ķֽϣʼֳּȴԤ֮еָޱ𾪵һ仰
һ仰ˮУʱ¶𾪣㵣ţ飬漴üͷȴҲչ·ʲôѾõĴ£ڵõһ㣬ޱȵĳ졣
㳤̳ʲôָˮɫ䣬ˣЩ졣
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ʲôʥŮͣĸ֣еˣ¶µ飬վ
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ʥŮͣĶֶ棬ȫ֧ˮ˾зֽׯ档


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ؾĴţѾȫ򿪡
ĵӼ򵽷ִӷȫԴͨ磬ǵȴҪع鵽һͽƳ
ѾԸּգʲôʸ̸Ƴ
嶥áڣһܡ֮ʶͻȻһЦ
ʶ򣬲ʶ飬ֻһʹãƳɣʶҲֻʶֻ̽ԲϵŵӣʸЩؼ
ʶݣԽչɿ죬ĿһЩ鼮󣬾ԼĻ󣬼ţʶУ·侳
Щʶ൱һһһһεĿ飬ʶкôͬʱҲѧ༼պطԲϵŵӣַԼ
ûоԱԲҪɵȱ֮ˣƿͣͲǰ
ȴڴУԾѣ̶£Ѿľ飬ڵԿҵѳɣ
ЦӶձչصľ˳
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ǣ˷ϲ£ˬ죬ǲƣ롣
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ʦ֣ĺʦҪ㣬Ǳޣţҵת档
֪ˡͷӦһӴȡңҲڳÿһǸǵġ
лʦ֣ǰѶ˴ϲ
ղ˭ô֣Զɽ˰ͽ᣿֮뿪ˡáһƺŸոɽŵӣһʶĵӡ
ղվԶЩӵõͣɵЩ档
꣬ʵĵһæ˵ʲôˣǼǰ½۾ӵʦ֣
ʮĽ۾ӶˣϢŵӣһô˵λʦֻ治Ǽﰡ۾ɽʮ֮λãŨķˮأõѾūͣҲΪɼС俴ء
⻹˵ˣ͵͵һ飬㲻Ҫ˵ص
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174 
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ĺȥ̿ͬʱҲӸе
ҵճӣȻҲ˼ֱ޷񡣡
ǰԭΪֻǰˮ˵ȴû뵽ʶѾ鶯һ֪ԼѣŻ˳嶯ĺҲп
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ĺҡͷȴЦ⣬Ȼֻ
Ҫˣ±սɴ£йôࡣЦ֮ɫ˵
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ͻƾˣԵüΪϲˬʴЦ
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˵úãǲ顣٣¥ܹнĳɾ֧֣ͣʱԴӭӣοж;۶ʱ׵Ժ緢ػӦ
٣¥ˣ֪λ˭ｻ֮䣬ָĺˣʵ
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ܹӵһϯ֮صԲ֣ǷּҹӣС㣬ȫţһ֣˿ɱȵġ
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ɵ̾ʦ˵֮ӶշԼˣԼ˵ˡ
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ˣҴʽǣҵСʲô飬ҲȺȺͬˣƵУһƬء
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ʱ˶Ѿ𵱳ʮ֮Լˣеֻ׷ͷҵĻԭţδҲһ֮
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ܽΣڴӦ·֮ѡٳãҲ͵
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ʵδؾԸСΪǶȱһţõĽõ֮ͿԲ죬иأҲܳΪŵӣʱɾδؾͱҪͣĵôܸʾ£ԸΪĿ䣬ˣ
뵽Ǳ֮ܵСӻ֮ˣĳɾҲ޺Ҳͷ棬ӲͷƤӦˡ
ãλʦұض֮Ϊٱ˵ڴˣлλʦˡ


175 ּ
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֮˲࣬˲÷ī㣬īŮȻСӴĸ׵ҩ棬챦һʰ׵ڵڶ̳ƺƵǰĶŲƷ
Ķ죬֪ãã֮УǳȻͨƿصŲƷֻ˼ʱ䣬ͻصң䣬󲿷ֵг̶ڴ嵽ŲƷȻִŲƷң׷ĳУȫݾһһأǷ㡣
ٰҲûг⣬Ͼֻӣټңֻһ΢С°ˣȻС£ΪҪΪֻܹΪСĸţΪ֮ˡ
Դˣݣ˳
Сסգܿͻص壬һжû̫仯ֻǰ²٣¥˵ĹָһԽˡ
дʯʮ깦׾١
֣ҲȫָϴԼȥԲΪҲѾȫʧ
ȻΪ˸˰֮ں޴ĴۣرΪԭʼԪҲ˵׬ǿ
ӣһͶԳǹӹѡչسʱŮ÷ͻȻ
ʦйãҾͲˣǡʱȫ˺ͻָϣ˲˿ŻȥҲûͷˡ
˭ͨͳ⣬÷
ԶǰݷãύϳʦԲ֣ﲻѾЩƣӦòһЩأûдﵽԲŵӾ֮⡣
ӣƺһԲ֣ûȴŷ÷һ
ӹһͻȻ΢΢һ
ȻŰϤ֮Ļƣװ֮ãص㣬ĿȴΪּע
롣һ£÷
ӣһִȶеʿû˿л֣һλ߲ŭ֮УԼ˳
Σ·ûһ㣬ֱ÷˲裬ҪһʱͻȻڣ÷ȥɡ
ǣӡ÷֪ĸţûܵʸ񣬵ɵӦһȻ¡
̧ۿˣʿü֮䣬¶һ֪ӹµˣӸλ֮ˣһ죬֯ͷĿֻߣһɵĿ֮
¯̱Ҷüƺ
ǰ͸ʿһЦžһȣس
㾿Ǻˣоһ
Ҳ׷ǺˣֻҪ֪ǺСʿ˵ţһöֻаصͭƣȡ˳
ƣɫʱ࣬ǰˣǺôĵӣΪħͽȻҲĿŵǰ㲻֪ΪŵӣնħΪΣħƲô
˵֮䣬ԥһĳֱȡʿ
һƿƲִʵϣȴע¿޵ĳɹԪ֣γԪ籡
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Ϊֻǳ̽ûдŶ⣬ȴû뵽Ȼĺ飬ղŵһĵʵˣҪ˵Ѫ֮ǾˣֻҲҪһĴ
ΪʩͨľԪ޽ӽ֮ãһ˿֮
ƾ򷨶ƣ֮䣬Ϊ£Ϊǿһ˿֮Ѿ԰ɱҪȻҲƷһɨβˮɷŴҲմơ
Σ֮䣬ʿæȣһףһͼ롣
⸡ּ䣬һ޶˵Ů˴˳ԭǷͼطУ
ʿû뵽һֶβû飬鷢вˣ̾͸
Ů˳ڷУһȣæ˵
ãһ֣Ǻ۷壬Բɵĸ֣δţȻ֮䣬ջصһκһѪ֮𣬡񡱵һȼա
䣬·֮ͻȻֵĻˣȵϢŸһУ˵ѣ˿ȫ޷ԶƮһЩȼ֮細ֽ棬ҲʼɽڵصĲˮҲѸٿɡ
ʿŮ־֣æתԪסȫⱻɳȵϢˣȴгһףȻ
ƣ
شƣʿŮˣƺҲ֪ӵеľɵþ
ȻǿƽĻƣȴδܹ˵ѷɫڰֻ˵ʵ̫ǿԶԶ˲Ϣ֮䣬߶ԪսͨԲɸֵȻҲ֣ôĶ֣
ϰϾڻͨʩչȿҪ죬Ҫǿᡣ
䣡
һľ죬ȻըѣӰͬʱߵķһ㵹ɳȥȴûȫӹһʽƣǿƥԪӿŰȻֻǱನɨȴҲ㹻Ǻܵˡ
˸ƺһɫ԰ףҲһ˿Ѫ˳Ҫ˵Щʲôȴ٣¥Զ
ߣʿŮ˾㤵ضһۣͣһȥ


176 ʥŮ
ӣʲô£
ʦ֣£
ߣ٣¥˾ʧɫΪŵӵеĸǰƣȴܿ˵شӷ˳
ʦ֣ղ˭٣¥ԾԾԵ׷ȥɱǡ
ˣˣаšֹסˣɫصȻȥɡ
⡭ðɡȻ⣬˵üҲֻźشӦˡ
ӣȻȥˡ˸˽飬֪ǻ޵ķʸˣ˰ţض⡣
֧ˣʿŮķȻһЦȻһߵСϢȥ
춦ȻǱķȴǵ֮ʱɶݵٶȣԶԶһ취ҪѸ٣˿Ѿƿغķ߶ǳ⡣
ʮɣɣǧɡܿ죬ɳԶŸӦ׷ᡣ
һɵͨɽŵĵɽʯӰ񱼡
ϣȻҲѲɽһְȴɽԺִڣϽ֣Լŵӵסɽǿ򣬷ɽΪĩԷԻũأÿѮһεġáţɽҪоƽʱ˼
𣬡񽣹ӡǰ£ǰϮɱҲ˹ʱȻҲ˳ʯϳӰӰ
ܣһ߶춦׷ȥܿ׷ˣϹһǰֳ
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ô׷ðִæңֶη׷ʩչȴֻһһƬϹûΣֵסеȻƾһգϹʧҲӶӰ˳˼ͷץȥ
ħ̽צ
ʮָס˵ļһһͬʱ춦ȫ߶ҪϾᾫӲ
ȻڴʱŮͻȻһӰֳ
Ӱ糺ɫʢװɴʲ壬ݣüĴȴһİԵף׿Ȼ
ʥŮŲһ٣־졣
һ۾ϳǵԼסԪ󵤡ԼĪİʥŮ
ʥŮֵ˲䣬һ޴ĽɫȻӵӿֳͬʱ棬ɢĻ꣬ɫʿŮ˰ڣ˲Ϣ֮䣬޴ΣʧΡ
˺ʱҲֻ֪ؿпտա
ӣе֮ͽһˣαظϾɱ
סʿŮˣʥŮŰĿϣĴɤ˵
оһɿ˵֮⣬վΣŰʥŮЦҵ˭ԭʥŮ²ˣʥŮ
йӵĸȻĴµȴһֱͦãǹӣƺմѾҪˣʥŮԼĻţԹᣬҲգе˵
һ۾ͿΪ
ǿҪˣ˵⻹ʥŮԪ󵤣ԪҽϳˣҲôӵϳʦʵںһһεذջᣬԽ˹֣̹Ȼ֮ͽڴлʥŮһΡ
׽ʮ̣ҲǴһöԪǹӦõģαлʥŮΪ˵
ŶӦõģɫһΪǷ˹һʾծء
л˵޷αش棿ĻʥŮ΢΢죬֮ɫƺ뵽ʲôɵĿ΢˵
ãȻʥŮ˿Ҳֱ˵ˣʥŮˣǹͽɫһ䣬ָŶԼŭĿӵʿĸ˵
λҽ·λ̳㳤̳㳤ǹӡ
ߣʵǿҶ˸ղѾʶˡΪ̳ʿɫص
ˣʥŮԣҲҷ˵֮һ䣬죬Ͷӡ
Ϊ㳤ŮҲò˶٣ֻǳ΢΢ͷк
ãȻǹͽ֪λӺңʥŮǵݣȵ
˵⣬ǢôǼӺ㣿̳ô˵æԩʥŮǧҪᣬǲûκγ飬Ҳûʧӣλӣһǣ˵ֱӾͶ֣أ
ҪʥŮӰʱˡŮ˸͵
ղɱڣԾҪأȻ˵û
ҪӺңҽƱ磿ǵı⣬صһָԶԼɼķ嶥¥󣬺ˣôͰ͵ܵⲻǺʲô
ӴԲӣǺ̳װû¶ʥͽݣУͨŵ죬ôẦ㣿ŮԣһЦǹ㣬ʹ˲֪ƵģҪʥ̻ޣնħΪεɣ
ţɫһŮ˾Ȼҵ˼ȷҼʿеһͷɱڣԼ̰ͨʵҹȥΪľǵõĻᣬǽҲûбҪðΣպǽύˣûкôҪ¶
ȻŮ˵뷨ȴɫط˵õɣΪʲôطװǵȷǴʹҽǢҲרԣǣָ췢ģ˵Լȫûж⣬ȫûң
㡪Ůɫһ䣬ȴ޻˵ˡ
ģ治ҷ
ʥŮؿһۣӹһ˿˼漴ȴǲµǸԵ˼Լֽԭ
ˣȥѾ֪ˣεȷҽ²ܣݹڲʥŮɫ΢΢̬ŵüͣˣӼ¡
ʥŮˡ΢΢һ
ʥŮԸǸȻֻǿͷϵĵǸûʵʵĺôҲʵڳϡ
ҪʥŮ̬ŵüͣŮӣȴԶҲǣС㽻ֵ龰
ʥŮҲ֣ȻԼǸ
ĵһͷңǵ⣬ļɵ
ɵüƤҪˡ


177 ¼
̣ں磬ͼҲҲþˡ
ʥŮ΢΢һʱ֪ԼҪɱڣϾֻ²ˡ
ﲻ˵ĵطʥŮǲ⣬뵽СΪ̽˵
ˣӰ̫ͣãú̳㳤빫ϸ˵ɡʥŮص빫ӸҼֱ棬ҪΪǡ
ʥŮˣλǹͽȻǹͽѣӭôΪѣҲƤ֮ת֮䣬ͰԼ׷ɱ˵øɸɾ
̳㳤ԣɫЩѿʥŮԣҲ޻˵ֻøһû
ǺãȻˣȸˡʥŮ˵ͷӰȻһ̣ʧɽ֮ϡ
Ӱȥ١
˶λôңصɡĿͶˣһЦͬʱȻѯʶ飺ô飬ղ˵ʵܷ͸
ľʵƺȴһģҲǳоķ
ʲôʥŮСϣзЩ졣
ҴϣܵƷϢϢңЩصص
˵Ҳԣһҵţһǰ̵ʥŮӴŹŮûзˣҲѹ㶼ǣǱʵƺĶ֣˼Ƭ̣Եͷ
ǱΪֻϳ֮䣬ûдﵽ϶Ĳ²⡣
ʱ˽⣬ҲͲ̽ʥŮʵתѺ̳㳤Լۡ
ϲ裬̳ȻԵҵĿɫ䣬ƺ˵Щʲôȴסˡ
ʥŮΪ㳤ŮˣȴǼ˵ܿûзκһ㣬ЦȻӯӯǰӣūʥŮ֮ǰǢ磬Щ飬ҲͲֱ˵ˣ֪Σ
㳤µ˵޷Ҳġɫص
Ǻã뿴㳤ȡһᡣ
¼ʲôⱾ֣˼ʵ
һţһ߷Ȿ¼һҳҳز鿴֣صģȻǸ챦ĵرӾʯ񣬵ߣٵ鵤ҩٵ鱨ţԼˣϣĿУȦŸԵļע͡
ʱЩˣ̧ͷ㳤
ҲˣⱾ¼ʥΪ˱ͽޱʱǼǵģصıȫʥӵУҿȡ͸佻׵ĶǰȨ޲ûдﵽľ磬Բ֪ôһ¼ڵڼȴӵ˻֪ʸǴ˷ѰҲΪϴ顣
˼Ѿӵǰ̽׵ʸˣ΢΢ݡ
ʲôҪģֻܿҪܹӦĴۣǱؽ߾ܣ㹫ӵԸ㳤ŵ΢Ц
ԭˣˣֲôɵĵӣЩħͽź˿һֱŽֹԭΪдΪͼʯǳǣڽ𡭡һ̣֮룬еóۣţȻôȥ
Ȼ֪Ϊ̰ΣգȴʼвŵŽֹԭǰܹǵҪ챦гۣѰ޵ʱ;ͿԽʡ࣬ҪģҲǹʯѣ֮ȴߴľްԣϡȱġ
ͱղ֮ϣҲֻʮһεġɴᡱŷʮݶѣʮݣȫǸȱһŵʹãȫȡ裬ȫҲʮԲѡ
壬ԲɣȫȻģֹʮˣ
ǵпǶʮʮпܣǶ٣٣ࡣ
һýĵӣˣҪԼ취ֶͨȡᣬܵõԼҪĶ
Ҳ̣֮Ҫ֮ıһݾ͵ø⻹ͳɹ֮Ул֮ʹ͸ͬţֻĴֵõ֮ԼòϣͬţôҲһ٣壬ߴ
񣬵ȼۻ㣬Ƕʯľ޴ƸͨŵӿԸġ
ˣҲòϣļǮջΪ޽ӽľ֣Ҫõ֣֮£ˣҲֻʮһεġɴᡱôһᣬɴᡱ֮󣬵δȥѰһĨڣȫû·
Ĺ֮Ҳ˵ǷֿˣֻҪӵ񣬾Ϳ򵽡
ƹ˵ãԸ֮£ðǿɣҲڣô˵㳤Դȵ飬ڴϣһһͽţЦġ
ˡһɫذⱾ
˵ʵص˲䣬̾ʹзʮҪĶһЩҩ͹ڽģҪĶѡ
Ҳ֪֮£ɼ٣ٱضԿǿԼЩ̧۸ǾͲˡ
˸Ȿ¼ǻʲô£Ҳһ˵˰ɡʵ˵Щǲãȴ̫ˣƷҲôãԶԶȲҴСõʹ͡
ʲô£㳤ɫһͣЩؿƺû뵽Ȼ¼еĸֱڣƺȤӡ
ǰҪΪϴ飬⣬ӳǹ֮⣬Ҳ԰ԼҪı۸Ϊ¼ϵ߳ɡ㳤룬һͬѼöƸƣȡ˳ҸİţԼټǵķ
֪ˡȻɫ
ɣ̳㳤ˣҲ޼ƿʩֻǣҲ̲ؽͿͣǴ򷢳ȥ
̣뿪ۡһ̣ƽһ˿һ̣ұΪֻǴ֮еħ̣ƧСڿȴƺˣȻܹӵϵ磬ҲǸ񣬾ǲ֪ߴľްԱΣ
òϣȥС̡


178 ʮھǧ
ҿЩʲôⱾ¼ƺҽı
ղΪ˲˿Լ仯ûϸȥڷĵȡ˳סϢġ
׼¼ʱ̲ס΢΢̾˿
ȻˣǶԽıңнԺչԼ֮ͨã඼ɵóǵļǮˣ϶֮԰ټ񣿡
ʱŷ֣¼еıۣ˵Ĵö񣬵񣬰ĸߴǧǧ
ΪҲ֮жǳģԷͨطΪȣһططͨͨٵͨĿӦоС
ԭΪӵʮö񣬾Ѿ֮ľ޸뷨죬һ֮ã
֮Ҫеĵɴᣬʮ֮־ڱصˣĺÿһݣһݣϼݣܹݷַȥһʣʮݣãǷŵӣֻ̣߰һʷ롣
뵽Խᶨ˲μӵɴľġ
ϵӣϹȥһǱޣʱʱ̣̿ͼ죬һƵ嶥áѰҸʺԼ湦ط
ڣ˲١ص䡷е书ԴԲɣٰΪĸ֮һЩֲĹˣơơǰֻеӵܲļعҲϰϰ汾洫ūֻܵõĲƪƪ
ǿʵԲ覣ȫɡ
ĺ֣٣¥ˣʱʱ۵֤ϰùŽڹϢ󷨵ȵȹֵϢ󷨣һ쳣ı֮߶춦Σãȫе쾳ĸ֣޷
ҪǶѣΪѾȥ˹Чãɼһߡ
û̫ģΪѾ춦ܹӳΨһҪģǲǿܹܴͨʱĪġ
ҲΪˣרһšκЧΪҲã˵ʤҲգһʣԱ죬ȫ춦ܣҲԺɨк֡
飬Ҳ޸ָƣ֮⣬춦ٵʱ춦ڲʮھǧƣȱ߽ȫһ֮УǷֲС˽һȱ
һ춦ڲ֮еһҲ˵˿춦ܣ֮һܣֻͨ޸ܷ֮ӹá
ʮھǧƣôܣ
֪춦ڲʮھǧƣޱ𾪡
ڽȣѧʶԶȹȥḻѾ֪ķԻΪĸΣÿΣиԵƷӵвͬܣУΪ취֣취Ƿʹõķʿƶɣעһ˿ʹͣӵ⹦Чַ˷һԣ̺ķ࣬ûԣƾѪͿԿơ
ʿʹõ취취Ȼͬ˹עķ֮⣬ӹؼǣ취ںƣЩƣѭطΪƣͨ󣬳˼ͣ񣬺ء֮⣬ܹ̺֮ͨԿ˵ʤʹã취ԶԶȺ취ǿ󡣡
ʲôǡơϣΣԭ¶Ϊ֪ȻһЩҲ¶μЩ̺Ŵμǵơ
ؼ䣬һЩȡ¾ܹͨ飬ͺһҲһЩǲǣǲƣͼ飬ԣľ֣ҰްƣЩ֣Ȼ·ǵƣȻĵǶһ޶ģӵЩƵĶԿ֮
ʿͨЧȻһЩƵƵķЩݬ룬ЩǿЩҲЩЧߣãһֵƣľһǷڲ·Թ߷ͨӵֹЧ
ЩӵֹЧĵгͨ󣬾ܹģʿķתʩչͨԶڵش֣ƾһ֣һΪʵ֮ʿɻȱı
ѷҲһˣôĲϣͺ˵Ѫ⣬ƣ󣬾ǾǶĵ飬һǺͷҲԴںķǷҲҪҪΪȫԭ򣡡
ԣԼɵͨǷĹؼеķƷܴСӵеƣΪСĺ취ӵһƣ취ӵƣٵʮƣٵǧڵơ
ԽǸߵȵķ̺ĵԽ࣬ЩƣѭУͨ󣬱ֹЧܵԴƩҴ˿ӵе춦ԪĹЧԴһ󣬶˴ɳɰǧС󹹳ɡ̺ޱµȴû뵽̺ĵƣ˺ǧڼƵɵĴγɷǺ׳ۣ
ֱѾ޷˼һ
ڶؾ֪٣֪ʮϣǺξ磬ޱӴ֣ҲӷΣЩ췽ҹ̷ĸо
һԣӵеĵԽ࣬ɵͨҲԽ࣬ͨԽ࣬ӵеĹЧҲԽ࣬־ŴĶѣܣɴ˸֡
Ȼͬȵķ֮䣬Զ϶ǿʣӵʮھǧƵ춦ȻҪֻӵһڵƵҪǿö࣬ƵѶȣѵѪҲҪöࡣ
ô᲻ܣ춦ϵ綼ŵϺŵļƷȻѲãҲ֪ȥûгɵ֮ǰƺĳλӵ֮ͨܵľ뢴ģǵȾ뢣ӵеֶͨΣؾûдﵽķġȻ˵ƺĻĲΪȻ
ӵ֮ͨܵľ뢣һ˿춦ߵϢɵĬȻ
ȷܹ˵ģһǿߣĪпߴľްɣԼһ鷲ˣ޷⣬ҲȻ顣
ֻϧƺ䲻ȫȻǣȴƺ춦ش֮Ի壬ڲ֮ǰҪϢǲˡ
춦һֱҪ֪ܣҲ֪飬ѯʶҲûãϾֻһ飬ȻѾγɵȴ׹֮ǰ֪ĸ̥֮顣
ˣ֮һʮǧϵĵܹɴЧݹã͵ֵһϺõ취ˣҲȫ٣һϿ޸Ҳܷɹãٽȫ޸춦ѡ
궡֪ͣ춦еʮھǧƣֻʮȻãǧϵȻãЩƣ£ûȥ󷨣ֻмʱգлָܸԭ
Щص㣬ص㣬ٵһơ
Щ޸Ϊѣûд֣֮ͨ춦飬Լıǲɵģ춦¶Ǿ޸¶׵Σ֮£ȻСŸˣֻеԼʮϾʱ򣬲Żл޸ˡ
һ߼ԼһϤ춦ɴеԽٽ
ʦ֣ɴеͨ棬Ѿˣεɴᣬϵķ̨ϾУɽ׻ʳ֮еġٰ죡
һ죬˷Ժҵ˵̽ϢȴԭǵɴеͨѾҶ֪εɴĵص㡣
Ŷԣ˼һֱɴᶼҿƵ׻ʳٰ죬͸ǲŵӲ룬֮еĸ֣ҲԲμӣЩ׸ûǽʵҲԶԶѷŵӣɾ֮ѡףƽֻ֮ͬΪ˵ĸŵӣйעıҪд̽ӵĶʲô𣿡
ɴᣬ֮еŵӣ׸ֲμӣΪ˸׸ֻᣬ߲һභʲôֻ֣ǹģӱǵĶ
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ŶȷЩϢǿɿģʵʮūͣҳдֱ棬Ҳ֪Բɸϣ˭е׳ģ׷ɱйߣҲǳ顣
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ͬʱ嶥СҲŲͨϢ
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С㣬ƺĺˣͼݱ䣬Ŀ꣬ǰ֮£ŵװĲСѵ
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ǡ˹֣뿪ˡ


179 ɴῪʼ
Ķ죬
һ̨ľ޴ǳڣУŴ¼֡
·ԼŵӣҲɽ˳ǡ
ǴУȻΪ˲μӵɴᡣ
һûʵĸۡڣһڵҲˣеĳ˲ĺ֣٣¥ˣиԵūͣŮ˵ȣɽڶδϳ˾ŵӣԲӡ
ȻڵѾ֪Ϣѳִᣬʮ֮ǵɴ᲻ֹ֮ôһֽʯ񣬷ҩᣬнĪĺôȻ޷˵زμˡ
ɴᣬһʣʵڶŵʱʱεĽ·ÿУһȳ
ʦ֡
μʦ֡
λʦְá
ڣڶӷ׷˵ţԵЩ¡
֮󣬵ɴı䳡ڹһȫǿɼľ޴ᦸ߸ߵڿУкδԿ
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ҰЩ䳡ѾˣҵԼ֣Ȼͨףʹ˸ɫصͷվ˵
ʱѾԲɣԪ֮䣬ӣһ¾ѹסеҺ
ɴᣬͬСɣҪõͨʦ֣԰šؽţֵˣھͿʼɣһһҪҡ
Ҫõûʦֳ֣ǵʵȻС
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ǰǶͨˣѳִᣬʦְţǱֲͬˣʦֽι㷺ֶθ߳ضǷӳǿʵ԰֣ʤӰ쵽ɴĽչ
ţһ϶ͷʩСӣȻ̨ͬϽȱȥǰһֵĶֶֻ߸ƣ
ôɣ˶󣿲˼ʦ֣ǰ־ڱصãʱԼ̨ɣΪҸһǧöʯ
һǧöʯǺðɣҶǰĽؼҲǺܸȤʯܹ͸ʯˡ
ڵ࣬ǸԴܣ໥š
ܿ죬ڵӱԼĳΣ֣ȥ÷ֽȦ족ءơĴ̨ͬεı䣬ܿ˽Ҫٵľ
أı䣬һЩ߰˾ص֮ı䣬ȡǩ̨д跽ʽֲı䣬ƺͬڸ̨սȺӢձֲΪͷͷ⣬ԲϵӿбԣʤΪףΪףƣֱʮ
÷СŵɴıԷʽͬʱָŮյˣŰѳִᡣ
ͨѪơףǴĸ֣һ˫ѪݺĮܵУͨԲӿҲĶ֣Ҫǰ壬õһȳȥٹӱˡ
ƺΪ˽ΪѰҩҽ缲ӿڶ֮ǰҩΪۣʹȨæ֡
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Բ֡
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ʦ֣εɴᣬȻƼǵʤȻܴ󣬾ǲ֪ǱߣʲôӦ֮ߡ÷˰ˣЦЦ˵
ùǵ֮£ŵӣֻҪƴ󣬵ʱ򣬾ʲôҲȻǷǽѣӣļ̳ˣѾвɫ˵
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еţɴϾҪʼˣ죬أĲλʱ߲򡣡
ֹʱڸ֮ۡеڶŵӣͻȻ֮䣬һӾҵĸ߿մ˳
ȫǣԲʮﶼˡ
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ǿִֶΣԶԶȺ췲˸췲ˣǽƺҲǵ˶
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ЩǰĦˣ磬ȵͲ棬ɵǳձ飬׳ҲмʿĻᣬԸȨ󣬶ѡʱǰɴٰ֮عĦһԼһӣŮӵܲμѡΣڽ֮£ѡţ֮еȨƣһ棬ҲΪһЩ֡
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ʱ޴̨Ķ棬һȺҲ˹
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Ҳ챦˹ˣŴνӵԶԶԽһ㳣˵ʵںͶӵ֮д
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ʦӵٴҲֻͣңֻ˺ӣΥ֮䣬ڤڤķڵϣץסԼͷӲذԼǲʵֵġ
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ֲı䣬Բʦ֮ı䣬ԶԶʤڳˣҪһ㳣ˣÿһϢһʹãҪڶ֮ӱڶսߵַսҲֻѹȺۣ˶ķڷ
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ȻҪһʼվսȫ֡

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̣ʹⳡɴῪʼɣɣɣɵĿʼ
̤֮䣬βȫľںϣ޾ǿ⣬Ͷ֮䣬Ȼֳ


180 
ȺۣİȺۣ
̨ʱټĹ㳡ȻؾԲϵʦоһ޷ݵǿƳǵذԼϮ翶ǿϢǵĳȻȸղʿҪǿҡ
Ͼʿ߸ϣǵľ֣ȴԽȥĶ֡
ڴˣ˭Ҫͷģ
һԼȳȫ־Աɫˣһ氵̾ս˵һȴְҡͷ
ĸ֣Ҫͷǿ
ΪԼŵӣ޵ˣɴᣬɲǼ򵥵ĵ޵Уսʤ˼ˣ
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ͣޣģַӦһ㡣
ҲͬĿǾǣȥ̫ˡ
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Ƿǳġ
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˵һλɫŮʣʣһӵ֮ˡ

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λŮʩ죬泯죬ȴԴ࣬ɾ·Ůһ֮УڶӻŮ֮УҲǺȺ
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ԭŮǵѡĴĴλ֮еĶˡ
ʲôСӣ˳ʲôųӵܣңŵ˽Ļᣬʲôǻۺʵһ˵
һִ峤ŮŮȴ幫ӳĽ£һˬװ磬켣ڶŮ֮УԵС
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ʲôǰֻҩ԰ūͣװŮɫӴ㵣꣬ͽΪԲʦǲˣ
ҵĺȶСŮӣǱһѹϢһ˴Ǯ̽ģǰӲʹ׼͵𣿾ΪѡȻūͳѾȣСأǰ;ǧǧ򣬲Ҫһ㡣
Ǵ´ȥ֪һ㣬һЦ֮Թޣټ壬Ҳһ֮飬ȶвŮҲ˵
֪ˡװŮؿڣһŵӣǿӰ仯Ҳٷˡ
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һĬ֮һԲɵľ̨ȴǺһͬΪ˵ŵӡ

ŵֻ̨֮΢֣ͨŵһ㣬ƺΪʦ֡˼Ա
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ʱ֮䣬˾ɫ䣬ǲ˼顣
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ˡһɫСͬǰʯϣû롣
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ӣ꣬Ȼûʶʿ־жôᶨܹ£ˣҲǰ£ģΪʲôˣܹʲôõóֵı£
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˰ǳв˵֮У͸¶Ӱͨڣ಼õ顣
ڡԣĬһƺҲţԼ˰ͨ鴫ȥʲôĺòŻڣǺã°ɣֻɴᣬ˳ص̨ܲɱɱ֮ƺһŲ£ϣҲŵԣҪǣ
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ҧҧתȥ̨Ĭ
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181 ɱ
Բ֣ȴ屾ĵӣϵ̨һʦ֡
ʿԪҲԲ壬ҪӽԲˣδ֮󣬵õʯϾͿ԰ѹȥҲϳӡ
ļ¼䣬ǳʲôܣһЩƧ߸ԹŹֵʿŻ飬ʿž޵֮⣬Ķû̫ɾͣһЩι㷺ƣƵĵӣܹɾһҵ
ʦ֪ңʿԪĵӣ֮ɵ¶ܳı顣
ˣ̨˵ĵطȻͬţȴǶ֣ȳְɡ˻ֹ֣ʿԪʦַ緶С
ǺãʿԪˡʿԪҲǹ֮侲ڿƾ׼֡
ʹõıŵ֮гķ֮䣬ӰǧȸһϮĿҲ
ȸβͬһ֣ΪֿȭǧӰȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʿԪıץС
ʦֹȻʿԪǶ֡ʿԪһķ˺ֺɵÿЦһɴֱӾˡ
ͷſ̨ȥ
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˭Ҫսң̨˵Ŀһ㣬̨µˡ


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Բɸǹˣ־ᶨҪ˵һ񣬾ǵڲϣҲȻ壬ȻǼؾľʱ֪Լ鷳ˡ
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簵Գ
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ˣѾ޷ˣҪô֮ؾҪôһѹⱨԼѡɡ翴׷ԼԲһ֪ڲʱ򣬵ݺݵش
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ľѪܵʵ֤Ҫ֮븶صĴۡ
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ס죬ΪԵ׷Źǲɣԩ޳𣬺ߣ㵽֮ⲻǳԹʲôоһŭ
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ͬĵˣؾҲһǱѹ
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֪УȻҪսңЩʵ֪ٶûʲô𡣡
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Ҫ֮˭̨ҳ˵ǰͷʮ޷ֹս̨飬̨Ҫаµľ򣡡
ԵȻԵ

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ͬʱҲ٣ԼһЩܹ֮ڡ
ԭʦҲСʱȻʳʵʥӵԶʤʮ
ʮ˵սãǣøȥʮԲӲУ
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˵֮䣬ٴǰһ䣬ǿƥ˳
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ۣѪɳȥ̨֮⣡
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184 ͻֵ
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ûսˣٵ̨˻ȥŵҲ⣬ߴʦ̨
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Ϊλ̨ս̨£ɫߵˡ
ǹʧ֣ģһЦȻ֪ʲôƺԽԽȤˣǻԸıƻɽ;ٰ
˵ʲôıƻɽ;ٰɫһΪĶʲôط߾ߣɱˣҪٷϻˣϽ̨ɱˣ֮ԼȫϣҲġ
ӻСĽȻһЦ룬վȻˣ̨ˡ
Ҫν֮£̨֮սսٿ䡣ӵԸ
ʱŵȻߴ̨飬ѾʼЩͷվ֮һת֮Ծɣ̨֮ϡ
һţ˺ÿٶȣȻҶûпĶǸĸ֡
ΪԼɱ̨֣Ѿû˸ҲӦ˳¶ȡͷǣȴϣ˲
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ɴᣬͬһ躹޵ĸ֣Щƽʱ̲ؼʱ̾ΪʵǰԻ
ЩԻĸ֣Ѳÿɷ
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ĸϵ洫ӣȻŵӣ̨䣿洫ˣαضһ٣ֱʹ֮ˣ࣬Ҫ
˲Լͬ໥һۣãⳡĻԼ˲֡
ʦ֣ͻȻ̨ϣ٣ĺֵˣҲվޱ𾪡
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ڵˣУһĿЦ׹һʮɳĽնȴ˲֪ʱ˿УӸնһ
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Ҳ֪гǺεȵķȻܹƺƴһܹһնƵԲ֣ն֮£ҲҪǣҴĵ
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֮䣬޵Ŀֲӿͷ־ᶨˣҲסѪƲס壬еĻɣȫʧԺֻʣһƬհס
磬翪ٵ֮ʲôҲûС
ѵҾҪôˣ;òײֽĳɾͣҲŭ
ʵָ֪ܼѵã˵νҲһ˲Ŀڤ״̬ϸһõ౦ľ顣
ʦ׷ϵԲҪǾΣʱ̣壬ɱ
ʦѾһΣ־ᶨԲк췲׵ĸͷޱȴǻۣõ
ָҲΣգΪֻͷŻ󲿷ֵˣżи򣬵֮൱ڰװһ˿ջҲûСߣ֮ľ޴ֲ֮Ҳû׷Ȼ׷ˡ
˿̱㾭֮Ŀ飬ӳڣ飬طԺ䣬е׷󣬿Ըһһ֣еĻ֣̿Իǻͣӿת֮䣬ͺǧٳֻأ£ӵͷĥֻʣһ

ܷǣԶຣֻأνң
ʱƣǨͬڣͬԣǧν
̤ɵΪң
ʲôͷأʲô࣬ʲôҷԴʲô٣ֻڣ֣ʵһຣ˵࣬ݣ׷֣ң壡֮⣬һе׷һе
ҲΪˣǧһӦֻȥܼ׷磬ԭʼıܣǰеһУֵһᣡ
ϣϣ֮ǧϣֻ֮䣬ܿϣ
һ̣УܵԼͷҲ֪Լȥ׷һУΪøãɡ
һɲǵʶģ͸ϣ˱֮еĶӴ˵ļԣΪһ㣬ȻûдﵽȫĵزҲס˱ĵڣӴ֮·ϣͺڰҹһյָ·ޱȵ
һ˲䣬·оԼԺ֮еĳЩʧˣӲ޷ƵҲˡ
춦߶Ԫ
һŭĴ𣬴ԺһһϹһ޴ĶӰĿ֮С



ڤڤ֮УԺкˡʣǶطŲɷָϵԼ֮䣬һ˿ҫԺ·ҪĪ쾳磬ܿ죬ֻصʵڤڤ֮еĸӦʧ
֪ûȫƿԵʣǿд߶춦ҲֻǽԼʵ
ЩԼ߶ģΪĶƿأܹʹ
ȻǷ
˺ƴķԱ洫ӣӵеϣȻҲӵ
¾ˣһ϶ӵ
ŵӣ˵ڳ֮ʵǿʶΪḻĴڣһ¾͸ܵӰĺƴɺƴǴⷨɣҲֻ쾳ʿֻ쾳ķӵִڣӵС
ҴⷨȫԽһЩͨ³˵ӣﵽгˣɴ˿жϣϣпӵ
ȴǲ֪ڵ춦ǵȻڲʮھǧƽһ룬󣬸ǽһǽһԱһЩķˡ
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һ˲䣬·ӿ·裬Ӱѣ޴ͬŭһΧڳ˶ѹöá
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ҵǣͶӰһ֣̾͸ԵûгȥˣҲȻˣһ˲ĴԵȥ
᳡ʱҳһţ
Ȼظ֣ѾܲˣǴ˿ֻ̣ж֡
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񣬾ͺ񿴵һֻ
Ҫ֪ʿƷȻսĲţҪƳһõķȴҲô׵顣
и֣֮Ҳв֣֮ƷĲϣʿӵǵΪԽһ취Ĵڣһ㶼ֻϽᵤʿӵеģʿ֮УԵ洫ӣ
쾳ϵķܣͬʿҲ˵ܿϵĽᵤʿȻԼΪδ޷ȫǽӲҲԺɨ쾳磬ۺεȶ֣һ˲նɱһһŵӣҲԵֵ
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СģƺͨǵõϿɣʹ֣֮ҲԷӳϵܣڵǿӦģֵܵ˲䣬æѡ
춦ƷԶԶͨκǳ̲֮ʱЩԱȫҪ˵ս
Ƕ飬ǿ֮飬˴˽ҲЩģ춦ֵסæ
ô춦ǵҲǵ飬ƷʵԶԶԽԷôֵסЩȡ
ܿҲͷӦĸԴ춦սսҲƴɱõģҪãƺԪṩԴԴϵ
ƴɱƺô˵ط
ƺʯͨ鷨ɣעʿķ֮󣬱ǷĽᾧٿ̻ƣͨһ¯ӵлƳ򷨵⹦Ч쾳ʿҲԵֵӽ֮䣬һնɱ
ֻǺ췲ˣǧҪնˣһᾡȫ춦ԷȻ춦רķǱԪɣӦܹ齻֪ٴθԪľӰ޷άˡ
֪ԭ÷ᾧƶɣרƳֳƷ֮
춦רŵķƷҲֵܵζѡ
Ҳ춦ȱĻȱ㲻ƶɵķҲˣȫΣս֮õķʵڲƴɱ
ˡصص˵ͷ
ꡭ
ʱظȫ߶Ʒз·һǽ赲ǰǽܣܿڷĽ˺ѣ飬пʼһһƽ


185 ֮زز
˿̣᳡˻ңΪظֵĽ֣磬˰ˣȫ󳼣ӵܣǸ󣬾һЩӵҲ⣬¹æһš
٣ĺֵˣȴס̨Ӱŷӿİ·ȫûע⵽Ļҡ
û뵽ɴ֮УȻĶԿɶϾ磡
棬˿洫ӽ֣
ܹ侳Կķܹջ񣬴ӶӽؾĻᡣ
ĻᣬԲɵĸ֣Ҳǲɶõġ
ŵȴЩΪѣһ棬Ǹᣬ˱ʣ˹ۿķˣǵǸĪĴλȥҪкôˣһ棬Կͬѵһĳͬᡣ
ԥƬ̣ǻ˳Ļңûвָظ֮ĶֻһԸۻ
ʱһƽȫ춦ֵţȴͬԣԷרƷһͻƵӰߣӰѾҪ͸ˡ
һ͸㽫̾Ҫ̸Դ
ڵˣظҲ֧֣ܵ׹ⱩƷȫնɱ
̣
ܿ죬Ӱڱ̴ΪƷ˽
ͷƤһ飬Ʒ̽˲䣬뽣⻹룬ȴ·׵һ㣬ȫһɴδܹľ޴Σͷ
ƽ
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ǴӸ£͸춦Ԫķ֮̾û˵£ȻҲûп壬ɼٶȿ쵽˺εȵĵزǿз鲼ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҫնɱ
ǿ㿪һιڶΣΣҲԵֵ
ʱ֪Ҫ߲Ѿ޿ܡ
ãԶԶ񣬲춦޷֧Ŷãܹ֧ţҵķӦҲɽѸ٣ȥҪ̸ԴǣͬʱҲ뵽ӦԵİ취Դˣ飬ܲץסֻͣҪͣһϢ֮䣬Ҿ˲ɱ޷ٲٿ
ˣҪץסܵĴһҵʵҪץס練ƣҼڣǽʩչͨ㴦ΣգҪˡ
͵һ㣬ѾӵԣڲԳɿռ䣬γһרͷСأĲķСء
춦ĵƷʣȫӡƷڽһã޷ĺҪб⣬ĵܹʵԤϡ
Ƿ̥Կʵ̫Σˡ
Щ᲻֪ڣòˣǲôҲҪɱ˵
һӰˣ˿ԽҶλһ֮£ԶʵӦǰľ棬Ӧô´ࡣ齨
򲻿ɣ˷ԪһӰԪἱģ˶οӰòֻСһϳҪ᣿ȴǿǸԶǵǰľ棬ǵƺ
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οĻòңҲȻҪԪˣΪֽΣԻǰ;ɵ޾ΣһΣվͶøٴˣҲģҾɱȡѵĴ£
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ȻγɶӰ赲
Ѿӹ춦߶֮䣬Ӵ죬⣬ӦҲѸ٣ֻƷӰ֮У͵һ͸ȥ
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һָصĿַ޼ķӳڴŵġƷϣƷ·ܵǣҵ
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ظ⧲һʱӿԵ
·׹أصҽ˾ʯɵ̨֮Уʯ֮ӲȻҲݿһ׷飬˶˽ȥ

һȻҲܺظһ㣬ͨٿطУԶ춦֮УμǴ˿̨಻㣬ٻսҲйǣΪС㳤һģһ¶òȻ鷳Ҳδǹơ
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ʦһ־طɵʵƯȻܽƴŷɽҲҪѲٿ߸ɱɽӵԶ˾ʦôܹܡ
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˵ûЩǼظֵҲΣͻȻðҲû֪ͨ洫£ֻҪͶСˡٵ˵ͷ˵
ֻгʿƣ֮УгʿѾԳΪ洫ӣСһ㣬ִƱԺһ壬ӵ䣬ӹȨء
洫ӣѾǣ浽֮ľ
洫£С£еɴٿȥμԼĵɴᣬμĵɴᣬôҲǶֲԣǱʹǰҲֲ˺á
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ٰͣɴᣬΪӣǲԼɽμӴᣬܵȥɻƻʹôٰ嵴Ȼ޴棬Щʵǿĸ֣Ժɨᣬȡ֮Ĳȡǲ̵ġ
˵˵ͷ飬ȷ֮ΪٰɴᣬǾˮˮʱ䣬ص㣬ظͬÿһ洫ӣԼɸѡ˲ţָʹԼĸӹܵ˵֮вμӣظͻȻܳսʵڹ֮
ҪƽϣѾȥ洫кͼıˣ˿̨ϵڲ²⣬δôˡ
Ȼڴʱ䶸ԭеġƷƻһ㣬ͻȻ֮䣬
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ת֮䣬Ʒݹ⣬ضֵ漴һţֱʡ
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ֻͨԣûǣͺ񻨲ľ֮û֮ͨǰǲӵǻ۵ģܹһӵʶǷǳĴˣȥҪȽ٣ɱΪ⵽ô£
ĺ˳ţʶ㣬Ǵ˿ҲֻĿɿڴŵӳ֡
ϣŵ֣ȻҲ޷ֹƷֻһ٣ݹ޴Ƶļ϶֮з˳ȥ
֮زز


186 磡
ˣȥǻȥԺҪ𷣣
ͻıʣŵӵɫˡ
ԭۿв֣ҲԿƾ棬ȴû뵽̾ʧȥ˿ơ
Ҳ룬ŵεķ׷ȥ
ɴͣдά򣬲ʦȥϢս
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ֻ˵˵ף̨һȺķ˹ҳһţ໥̤
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ҵʱ̣ǵصĽŲ˻᳡ټĹ㳡·ǧ̤ҵ⿴ȥȻһȺִľʿ˽ڵرƽನ˵ȺԼܾɢܵȺ
Ǵġ
Щ׸֣ϳЩʿ
ڴˣ
֮Уһع澳ϳʦԽڶȵ
ҽپԱ޹˵ȣϻصλã˲óɧΥߺԸ
Ȼֻкع澳Ϊվųǧ֣ͨҶսľʿɱƣʱͰѳѹҪ˵֮е󳼣ӵܣһЩμӴԲ֣ĺֵȵԲɸ֣Ҳ
쾳ֵʵǿᣬҲȻǷˣɨǧοЩʿͨʿȫִװһЩֳһŷ
˵ǿй뷢֮£Ҫ˵ǣŵӣؾʿҲҪĶӡ
ǣܹﵽɽг˾磬Щˡ
֧ȴСľһ֣ɧĳȻ࣬ͨʦȴһӶ֮ס˿ڡ
ת֮䣬³֣
춦ԭʼԪټԲɾ磬ӵʣܿͻָƣȻ̨֮ʯڵһϹ⣬ԭݡ
ڴӹ㳡磡
ǧѷĴûᣡұΪҪڵɴ֮ɱˣȴû뵽ᷢ˱ʣŵӶȥ׷ˣ̨һƬңҾʧƬ̣Ҳûע⵽
ɱڣɿ׷ȥ
类̨֮ƺܴƣҼǱĵ÷飬Ȼ²мһʱ֮Ҳ޷ָۼ᳡ңüͷһ壬Ҫ뿪
ΪԲɸ֣˼Լ֮䣬Ҳоڴ˴вס
֮һǰһһһ˹㳡֮⡣
˿̷̨Ѿʼϣֹʦ߶Ȼǲμӵɴĸ֣ҲܵԼѲʿ̲֮󣬲űУԼݾӵĸۡȥȥָơ
춦УȻ˷֣ܿһƧ˴
ʲô˹һֱңҳͻȻһת
թң춦Ϊȫ䣬СǰҲ޷һʦҲеһ漴ȴһЦΪ
ûֳΣٿ춦ϸ΢Ϲ⸽ϣ
ûˡ
ȻΪҴתӿ˽Ų
ԭղŵһȣǳھͲթƭˣ춦ģֻ¾Ҫթˡ
ܿ죬סпţ˽ȥ
ӣˡ
һСñūӭ
ţҪչˣ̷ոţѰң˵絭طԸ
֪˹ӡӭūĸԼҹˣȻȣȴûоʧ룬򾲵Ӧһ
ͷֱȥ
ת֮һ᷿ȥ֮󣬰ؽĻأһСϢس֡
̨纮ɽһǳأиۡƵңϤйϣѷ֣һ㣬Ҳ֤˵İȫ
֮һϣתԪ
ǣ
𶯵Ҽ紫˳
սҰѪƣ
ٴδ߶̨ʱʩչġƻ֮䣬ۼܲѹסԭĵ÷ļιǣ³˳ѪӡҲȥ
ãϵۼȥӤһ࣬ϸۡ
ʵڿ£ȻʩչƻҲܴ򵹣
ãڳһ˹
˹ˣصĴ£ʹ׽֮Ҳ׿ϾûͬһĵҲûмȡԭʼԪƵֶΣΪˣѾȫԪȫľʱ̡
ңҲǰȫڣ粢ûеʱ䣬䴢ȡһöƣȻʼȡе
ѾָֻҪԪҲԲܴ̾ﵽȫʢָսΪзִ磬û˽ǣ˽ǣ¾ûôˡ
ȻڴʱһϹͻȻ֣üͷһ壬·ʲô͵۾
ͨţƣ
Ϲ߽֮УҷԸūҪչˣʱ֪ǧѷʱһԣȴᡣ
ԽʹˣҲû̶֣ΪȻˣȴΪ״ֱ̬ϣԪľһ˿ʱֳΣ󷢶ȫһ
֮У·˺ӿһʵʵѹ͵ѹ磬δӦ͸оһ޴ıϣ
ԲɵʵͻȻϮεȵ׺ʹ紦ȫʢʱڣҲֵܹҪ˵ոϣԪиʱ̡
ȻӦӦ
ۣ͵³һѪѪ飬Ƭӿ
㡭Ȼͷ㡭ȻǱǱ
֮У㵡
ʲʲôʱ򡭡ҾȻ֪
ңһ֣Ҳˬ֮ȴûкͽ֮˷ϻϰߣٴһƣͷȥ
֮͵Ϯ֮ʱֱһƱΪ֪Բʦ˼ʶǿܹӦڤڤ֮жԼǲ֮ؽ𾯾
ܵ˵ǵˮ©ҲΪˣأһţһڲѣ߿Ѫ
Բɵĺ֣ؾʿһͷ­һ飬ȫޣòˡ
춦գ
ԥһ죬סʬһδСĶӰǰâһͰ˽ȥͬʱҲûϵĴͬ߶춦ȡȥ
һУбɶݣܿʧӰ١
̶̣Ϣ
θɴɱ磬֪Ҳȴһ׮ˣ
뿪סĸۡɶԶţֱϻصɴٰĹ㳡ע⣬ѰһƧֳ֮ΣһЦޱȵ⡣
һ·ϣȫ߶춦ʱ˿̣Ѿʬ޴棬Ҷʣˣָϻ˵ɴᣬ㱻˷֣Ҳ֪뿪˵Ǻ
һ̣ᵽ춦ĲսɱԽʬ𼣣ĺã
ô飬ûʲôõĶ˶ѯʵ
춦ѾȫˣĲд䣬㿴Ժ
΢΢ۣ֮䣬·ʼģ֮У·һԺ֮еļƬϣϸ֡
ֻּһӵԵ޳Բ죬ΪǸһͣҲҪɳḺǿĸס
˷ǰţμŵѡΣϽΨһһҪȡ¼
磬磬ˮԾ㣬ȱһΪϵʣ¼
磬ΪƾèҲܴңֵʦûģҸ㣬ݶʦҵģʶĻ뿪һһ´ҿ֣ͲҪҲ֮ͬ꣬ʹ¶ˣ
ݶʦҵģҵģ磬˳ļߣҸʿʲôභ
ʦãʦãôˣҲŹǸģҪɱǸ
ʲôǴ˵֮УԶӵѪѪݣ˵Ѫ֮󣬿Դʣӵһ˿ԣϸʱתҲڻˣ
ƻȻǴ˵֮Уɹġƻ˷绯ĻڵˣҷʳǧѪݣ˹ӵĪƣ꣬ҾܹԲɣӵк޵еʵ
磬ߣʲôаħĹȻܹ㲻Ҫ㣬ҡ
ʲô㾹Ȼɱã㴳ˣǿʰװܰɣ˸ʿҪǾûлġ
Ǹɱ˺֮ӵ磿Сӣ֣˷ͣ洫ӣͶҰɣҿԱ¡
ɳϳˣ÷񹦡Բʦһ㣬ľҲĲѰ
ʱ¶ϲãʱ¶ŭʱֱɱʹֹŹֵɫ·Ϊ磬еϲŭ֣ϣȵȫ֮ʱѾǴʱ֮ˡ
ʶԪ̺࣬ǳںϣĻþ֮У־ᶨܹңѰԼˣԺܲںϣǲںϵĺãֱӰмԭɴԪǿʶӻ㣬һȻȫ࣬ȴܵõüˡ
˼ãԼʧ£¶ģԺں˼䣬ҪСĽ
ˣ羭֮Уû̫ɹصļ䣬ȴһؾ̽ãԺлĻȥǴؾͬĵģһ¡
Ǵؾƺδھ粢ûиУֻԺΪܹȫȥǴǧѪݵɽȣҲֵһȥ˵ͷ
ΰƤȫ˵ջ񣬶ӰԶЩһѾζ֪ǴӺζһݾ޴ǰ͵ȥժȡ
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֮⣬һ޴ջ񣬾羫Ѫ˲Ϣ֮䣬õʣԼѪ֮Ҳӵһ˿ԶԣټϴоȡƻĹ̾ⲿ湦
һ湦ԼҲûȫ͸ƺкܴĽռ䣬ԶԶֹ̨ϱֵĳ̶ȡ
ĵǣ쾳ʱ÷ǳ޴󣬵ǽؾԺͱüãⲿƻؾҲɵóĹΪսܹԪҲֻܹǲԪ޴ˡ
˶飬ⲿͽСƻΪǳƺΪ
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Ҳ֪ⲿƺɡݻܹϰԭڵġЧãԶԶ˵
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ˣЩԺɣܹõƻҲǲջѾӦ֪ˣҲ֪ǴɽȻؾڣԺеǻᲹȫȿĴлЩʲô
룬Ĵ
ţ磬Ȼ˸У
һ㣬ҲѱĻߣıԱӷУȻװһʮö
һʮö񣬾һʮʯŵ֮УѾԳƵһʾ޴Ƹ
üһȫˣɱԽبıݾ
Щ۾Щˡ
һŵӣӵ֮Ϊֻ֮زū֮⣬˶ɷǿʵֻһĴɢƣύӣٶҲѵ磬Ǹزū
һںɽɱԽҲһЩ񣬵ЩǷָ٣¥ˣִִţӣֻʣʮöһ£Ƹ̾ͱ屶
ܿͨ粢زūʵ̫ˣҵɴٿڼ׼ôϣֻͼ
Ҳ׼ڴ֮ն񣬾Щչ֮
Щ֮⣬оһЩѶ£֮ⷭһ£ûзʲô֮Ҳû⡣
һʮö񣬾Ѿջˡ
ţʱҲˣ뿪ֲ̨̫ãҲʱûȥˡ
Ƭ֮պô˿ܣ֮ڵĿ̨ȥ
ʱɴѾŵӵȥͣҵľҲپɴеĳؿʼָƽܿҵˡ
ʦ֣㵽ȥˣղžһƬң˶뿪᳡ˣôûмӰ˼ЩЩϲҲЩ֣æʵ
ûʲôҼˣ˸Ƨ֮˹ˡ֣ƣǰ
ʦֹȻ񹦸ƶ֮Ȭ˼ˣ̾ͬʱҲ˵
ˣʦ֣ãǸ磬ҪҪȥͻȻһ飬æʵ
Ǹ磿΢΢һ֪ʲô𣿡
ԳǴԱӣ֮ǡ˵
ԭ뿪֮󲻾ã룬ѰĴҲҲô𸴡
ЩӦǳģ˳ǿ̨ϴ֣֮⣬ȥЩҲãžٰɴᣬǰӦҲĽɵ֮
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ʱݽȣССūͣ˵ӣУųҲΪͬˣǰ治ūͿǵ׺ɣ÷Ůз̡
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ʦλʦݹ٣СʧԶӭˡˡ
ȺУΪ׵һԳơС꣬ĳһĻӣˣڡ
ƺҲûϵǰеϲζЩϲǳģҲֻԼˡ
ͷһα˳ΪʦĸʣҲױ˼仰ĵƮƮɵĸ֮ˣǴһӭˣΪʵλǡ
ǴӣġĻ΢΢һЦͬʱԼԼˣ⼸λֱǴĻӣΣ꣬޽
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ָָһŮǴԪ
ʦŮЦȻ΢΢ס
Ůòʣʣһӵ֮ˣҲע⵽ˣ΢΢ͷ
ָһʳİŮܿܿҲͨŵĵѡΣŵӣϸóλʦһʦ֡
ܿλʦ֡ܿĴ湫΢΢һЦ˵
ţָָˣǴȹع
ֱһСɰŮԼޣ̬ǧŮӣҲ׷׼
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ܿ죬ϡԼ⼸Ҳ˵ǵ֣ɫЩ
ȶܿԪع⼸ĹСҴѡһΪ޵ĺѡߣĶϵ֧⼸ǻҹŮȢǣҲҵԼˡ
ҹˣиӳɫ·ʱ֮棬ǧû͸ĸо֪ô򵥣ҲǼΪɫġ
⼸ڴˣӦòżȻô򵥡
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ŵӱϾǷˣ벻ףһЩܹʯ󣬼主УؾŵҲҪ
òްټҼգѧʶʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ңԶ֮УһЩӴš
ЩʱɾɣнޣԷ塣
֮Ѿʱ̨֣Ҳѱҹɫ֣һƬڰ֮С
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ѾǵһˣƽʱԡỤ̊һ㶼Ů֮еī㣬īϽɣʱҲ÷Զ֣СߵŮ죬ע⣬Ҳŷôһδκ춯ҲףȻСˣȫϵϣֻܹΪˣжģͷֲ˺á
ѾǻʵҹӣȻûмأ¼ףֻҪСãټԼӵؾʣΣʧȥȨƺ͵λҲǾľ޿ޡ
ӣˮЩˣἸͰˮ
һΣƺ˼ѵʱҲƽЩ÷򣬲ϴֶЩʼᣬɵÿѵ
ˣΪԲʦҪ˵ˮǺһҲ̩Ȼ֮ȷʵϴЩˣɡ
վһ˹ȫˮ㻯Ϊˮȫɡ
ϲӣӵĹԽˡ
÷Ŀ΢飬Ա˳ࡣ
գӵвͬڳ˵ͼʶȻܹؾһ󲽣ǰ;ԽԽԶ
Ҳ֪ȵ죬Լ߾ʹмӣ·ᵼ϶Լ³ǱӣȫãʱΨһܹԼ˵ģˡ
ԼˣȻҪֺٰá
ŶԼãԼҲū˵ı÷뷨иҲƣֻ΢΢һЦÿɷ˵
ˮ飬һֿƼ򵥣ʵֻмĸֲūȻʶ㣬ҲС÷С˵
㾹ȻСὲЩЩص
ԭΪ÷ֻͨŮɵԼߣȴû뵽ȻܹСὲͲͨŮʸõĸˡ
ūԭС澣С㳣ĸ֮ǽڹ
Сǻǲ֪Լľ
˼ô÷ᵽС㣬ҺԣСΪĸڿʼףġ
÷ӽԺ̷ҰɣҪĶ⣬ҡڲˣ֪ʹҲ֪Сǰߵ⣬ҿԿһУ̡һ˵
лӳȫ÷Դϲæ°ݵ
ʵԶԶ¾ϲ
ļ̣ͿȥСߵݣȫȫ̷ˣһõĹޡ
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빫ӿ顣÷ԣ΢
˵һ˵ЩӣԼкĿģʵ
Ȼύӡ÷˵
˶óύңύŵӲһ׵飬ŵӣӲΪ涯ģƾʲôύңһ
ҪУ÷ҲЩ벻ͨϾЩӣõĲݰ᲻֪Բɸ־ᶨ򶯲ˣûʵڵĺôѿԣ໥Ҳ޷ȴҲ롣
Բɸ֣ҪĿǳؾ飬ǹ˲̫ġ
ū澿λƺԹ⣬Ҫʸ÷롣
ʲô΢ֱ˼顣
֮ȴ־ãⲢȫܵ顣
ңĵȷȷǰΪͬˣΪؾŵӣ׹ҲҪʸһʣ⣬Ҳʲôֵ飬ԼͿȻû뵽һ㡣
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ĵ˽ύûнǳһ¾룬룬֮ǱضǰأʱҲ˽һύĽڣȻǸλ߶ٰڣЩʣŵҲףҪѾá
˼Ҫޱȼᶨҹ÷ø̸һ֮Ѿ͸Щ˵Ĳ˼Զ֮
ŮãȴʿżΪֻа꣬󣬺հ׹ǣνɲ뷲ӣȻ֮Ҳвŵ׷ͨ飬ȴãҴ඼˰˵ֿҲĴķȻմȾ˼
οӵܣȢ಻ɣδؾԼ
ҲһҲֻҪԼܹ죬еϣգڣɣҲõ
δйһ̣˿ν졣
Щѹ֣÷ȼŮҲҺãӽɴı᳡֮ѹֵһɨգϵƣƺ±ð
ΪԲɸ֣ѪҲһУȻԼ̫á
֮ڽգҵҪʲôֹ
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Щ˭Ȼ԰֪֮֮Ǵǰ׵Ľ
꣬С㣡㲻ҪˣЩŵӣЩɵĺɢޣҪΪã߿ߣǵ̨ڵֲ
㳡⣬ŵӺ׸Ҳ˵ĶԻеʵĿãҲҶ죬һЩԭʶˣҲ
һЩͬ壬ŵӣǰأֳŴʦֵļ
ˣ˻ص̨¿ʼս
֮ŵ³ֲ̨ޱϲҲû׷Ǽ²⣬Ӧû׷ϣˣ⸱顣
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ûз֣ûȻһȴûɥʧʸ񣬻ϣڶ죬ȴ񶼷ˡ
ֻ²ðɣɫɧ֮ʱҴȥֻδȬ
̨һϣˣǰ̣Ҫá
ٲμӴĸ֣ۡ
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ǰ֮⣬еʮҲܻýȴһЩ񣬹취δԲɵĵӺмֵԽȴ洦ҲᣬֱҵŵӣҪδĽ
ϲʦ֣ζ֮Լܹ׸취֮ĻҲӡ
ŵӴŶ˽ĵϸҲû˿ưˬذѽš
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ŵнӹһɫ«ʶ̽ӣ̷֣̺ʮ࣬ƣ࣬ףڣɫԪЩԪͬһΪһֻʱпɢȴǻֻҪûжϾ㽫棬ɢ
ЩԪ֮У̺Ϣ·Գһ壬ԴԴϡ
ĪɷܾУȻһ
Щ֮֮ԴͨûԵķˣں֮󣬿УкһԪΪĹؼʦѾؾƿֻҪѡɣܿԽ죬ʱΪŵӣָտɴ
ʦֵܼȱһҲԴ˷޳Բģʦܲһԡ
΢֮ʱŵӷ·𿴴˼㵽
˵ʦȫţȫţ֮Ҳ洦ʣûбҪоȫգֻҪÿɳȡһ˿Ը򣬱а˿˷ѡ
ԭˣлλʦָ㡣ﻹ˼Լ죬һ£ȴʮõľ̸֮
Ҳǹˣ֪ͻƿļѣֻ˳һˡ
ʲô飿飬ڽؾָһΣɾͣҲԱǣһһ׮飬ȻҲ˼֮飬¶ͨʵľͷ΢΢һЦղת뿪
ϲʦ֣ϲʦ֣
ŵ뿪֮Χ¶ϲɫ
ĺ֣˴гȡԼ֮ɣҴӦǵı꣬Ƕ֡Χ򿪺«ĺ˵
֮ĺˣӹһ˿ϲɫǾϲæְݵлʦֳȫ
Ȼǰгŵɴǰ֮󣬻֮ǣ֮Ͼǹ֮ԲɵŵӣҲû̫·ԻãԶţ̽Ҳֻ̡ܴ
˵ˬ죬ԶԶǵԤϣм֮ҲԵ
˶Խã׷ƺҲһ顣
ܿ죬˱ԳȡԼҪһ֮ϸֻȥ֮󣬱չͿ԰ΪӴӵȫʡ
ϲλˡֻϧ˵ʶֻþ߱һжѣҪʵ̫ˡ٣¥˿ǣӹһ˿֮ɫ
Ҳûле֮ʹ͸ǣܴ̾ӵнʣǶ֪֪֮޹»΢ĵϸҲδظҪȱĺȱһȱУʵϣʲأԶֲ֮ģʹؾҲҪС࣬ͨҪӳ
ˣǻȥɡô˵ûд𻰣ΪȷܰЩ֮ǣҲνѿˡ
ãǻȥ
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һɲǼ䣬΢·Լ飬·⣬Ҳͬһ㣬޷ƵΡ
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磬翪ٵ֮ʲôҲûУΣ춦ƻΪޣȻֻḶ́ƣ



ڤڤ֮УԺһˡʣԼ֮䣬һ˿ҫԺǧ͵
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192 ɾ죡
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ΰһĻ㱾֮У·Ѿ˴˿̵Σ಻ȫӿԺգͻȻ֮䣬źȫеȻ
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ֱʱҲףΪʲô죬Ҫ̵ֿҪԲɵľʵҪȫĸʡ
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Ժ֮ӿԽԽǿˣ·оԼԽԽߣͻȻ֮䣬һɽȻͬںԪ·ඥһ㵹»ص֫ٺ֮С
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ھ״̬Ѿ࣬ЦҲʮ㣬Ԫȫޣľֻͳƴˡ
Ҳ֮ˣ֪ںƴͽ޹躹ޣŻ˵ʲôҪӦġ
ѻǣ䣬ȷͨ˿飬ҽؾҲһͨŵӣȻڷ˿Ǹ߸ϣʿ֮Уֻ͵ȵĴڣ˸Ĵͨʱ޷ֻ˼һ㣬
ʲôؾˣЦͻȻȻֹǲŵؿ


194 ɽ
죡
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ܹԻҲأϳ˾飡Ҫôǧħž뢸ĵƣȻ˷񣡡
鶼ӵǣ˽ԻҲʿϣĻ꣬ҲϳˣӵͨҲΪʲôղ˵Ҫǣ䣬һӦǺ£ǹЦ
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һΣĵλԽȹˣ˵뷨ȴû֪ŵȴһ顣
⸣Уҽ죬ΣҲˡС㣬㾿δң


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˿Լܣӹһ˿ģµ񣬻ΪͿԸ鷳Ҳѹֱ˰㣬Ūɲзϣ㲻ֵ˭ˡ
һ˿ȴεúܺãϻӣĻ͵ɣţҶҲͬһ󻼣ұĲ£Ըң粻Ѱ
Ϊͨ籨ţȥɱ磿ȻͲʹթҶƣԹսʤȴº֣ɼˣûбô䡣
ΪƲŷϵȻա
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֮Уһ˿㬣Ҳһ˿£Ǳ򾲣ûΪš
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ϼıҲԸı࣬¶һ˿Цݡ
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ϲ졣·ҪϿһЩߣϼעãڿ˵
֮Уһ˿΢ɲĽǼʣЩ֪ԡ
ݷҲ˴褣ˣ֪Լıһ֮Ӹɴֻ࣬ǺһûʲôԵпˣҪ֮һҪݡ
Ȼ㲻ʲôԹҲǸ£УδؾͲƽϡ
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ͬϲͬϲϼԣ¶һ˿ԴЦݡ
࿴УҲɵӹһ˿ɣԽ͡
Ȼʹˣɾ;޴󣬵ȴ꣬ҲǿȷǸѵõ˲š
֮У̫ǰƣ֮ԣ߰ԼʲôǵˣνС˵־Ҳ˵С˵־ʲôãػ㣬־Զ֮ˣֻ֪ǵ;ĿˣԶԶûдﵽյ㣬տʼΣԺ󼸰ʱ䣬治֪ҪԶٿͷܶĥѣԣ硣
һ֪ҲеȣȴҲ֪ͬе֪֮ζˣ㲻ǽύΪѣҲǼõġ
֮У֮о˼٣ҲΪһȻʲôõĵط룬ҲǷػǷ񲻽꣬˿УǼġ
ˣҲҪվˣҽ۾ȥɣѵۣӭһɽڸӣǰ͡
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֮Уʯһϳ˸ĻҲöѣһ־˺֮ͣ⣬Զ׼
δҲ̫Щˡ
ôǧʯ᲻ˣ鲻΢΢һЦϣп֮Щ˲ҪͶңҲʾУȻôͶЧ֮ˡ
ıԶǣȴū澶ˡ÷˵
㿪ѣҲĿɼΣ𡣡˻֣ȥɡ
ǣӡ÷Ļϲȥˡ
˻ϲȫ˱Ϣͨū澣֮ǰ;ãټ϶˶˴󷽣Щūܵõĺôࡣ
뵽ʼЩϲɫͶڹӣδҲһ¡
֮صǰ褣ϼˣҰѳŵ֮ȡ˳潻ǣȻһĮģֱ£ϼȴԥһȴǵֲջԾ£ֻ಻ա
˵֧ʦףΪͼı꣬ѵʦΪǳˣ൭Цᶨ֮⣬Ա
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ʱ˿̵ݣ飬ֵδؾ͵֮ȴ΢΢һЦؿһۣ뿪
صĿ˶뿪֮ͻȻ֮䣬ҴҴ˽
ӣС˴ˡ
Ŷˣ˵ʲôĿһʵ
С빫ӵ嶥硣
磿ӹһ˿㵡


196 
Ȼо㵣Ǻܿϵ˷嶥ֻеƻͨ澴Ѿڳʢϯ
㡣ܿ죬ǰС
洫ӵĹأͨضҪȾ̴ͨӵȨʱϷ嶥
ˣɡ΢΢ͷʾ£ĸ׵ӣ֮еԺԳƺΪ㣬Ͳôˡ
ǣ㡣΢΢һ漴Ӧ
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΢÷˲ܷҡֱϣ᲻ֻ֪£ĵֶΣʵڲֵһᡣ
Ӧ֮ҲĵصŸ룬ɫζˮض
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ⶼǶЯл㡣֪ΪΣ˵æ˾Ʊ
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һִŵӣȥδӣҲӰҵļֵȻʿѾ޷ūˣȴҲúˣȻǿȻɡ
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Ѳµüͷ΢΢һɫز⣺ͨʲô磿
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š֣ƺҲΪ⣬ٴ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ȷ߹ЩԵʱ˵ǶҵɡǰԼ飬֣ɵ΢΢һů
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귨оһƺ׽һ˿ؾİ
취Ļ֣ͬΪ׼֮һǰΪ귨ͨ½ʿȫܺ͡
һ귨ҸոͻƿȫԪתΪȷǰ귨ɷֿץǧϼưǹȥٱ
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컯鰡ֲðԪʹﵽˣԭǹһĻô˵ǳѣѰô򵥣ֱ൱ѪԪ飡컯湦²ôİɣ
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ңԽ࣬ԪҲԽ죬ӵһҪѰʱ۵ڶǵӵаٵ֮ʱͿһ֮۳һҪʱôãǵӵһϰٵҲΪ档
ԭˣ
һϲ֪̾ûд̯ƣԼӵӻһΡ
ѾԼĶʲôԼ׼ʱԽԽá
ѶȣȻԼһޱȣȴǿʼʱѣӵеķԽ࣬Խףͺ̼֮֮⣬ǮԽ׬Խ࣡
˵ѾӵܣĲ˵һϼöԪѾֵϱһӿޣӵ춦Ϊۺĸ
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˵֮䣬ȡһʶ飬ԼһöװѪ쵤ľ½Уηתǰ
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198 
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÷ƾƣܹɾʹ֮ˣͻͽСԽǿңҾ͸оԽףƺʲôΣ١
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Ǽʦ֣ѾǾŴ׹һ֪ʦַɸʤ˴˽ɷ
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199 Զʱı
⸱ɣǸˣǵѾԼѾ֪ˣʲôĻƶûã˲ɵа̾һ
ʦֹȻ˿ȻˣҲˡŮֹסЦ⣬ɫص˵ǴΪʦе֮˵ʦֵõ֮󣬷ַݣͷʮݣڴ֮ǰѾ죬лУ֪ܲȳ֣ǣ
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԰ҧȴ޿κΣΪΪ֮ܶ˺෴֣֮ɾӣһصʿʵԶԶǿǣҪ˵ʾͿʼ̸⣬ǵǸɽȥҲ޿κΡ
⼸ŵӲɽ壬ܸԶҲֻǰǸɽ洫ӣҲ޿κΣϾ֮˭ȫ˵㣬˭Ҳܲš
ˣ⼸ˣÿҪһݣֱĽ𣬲֪ʦпɻЩԵ֮
϶бضᱻݺ׸˵ҲÿƬ֮ܿƾһ˳ȻǸղ˵ŮӣҪ˵
Сԣеһɡ
ĺ֮ʣʮ֮Уķݽ֮ˮиݣ⼸Ϊòˡ
Ȼ֮ϡ֮ͻƵԲɵӣԲϣҲȥվ˼ֵּΪ
УԣҲɵ¶ظɫ
ǲԶȻ˵ûС
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ȴһ²֪ɱ֮󣬴еõһʮö񣬵룬֮־ڱصã׼һʮö񣬱ضߣ⼸ͬΪԲɵӣһöԶԶûдﵽߡ
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ʦ֣Цʲô˼΢ɲؽһЩȻ
ʦ֣ǲǮǲԶֻΪȡ֮Ҳ˰ɣһö񣬲ܹͨļǮѾ㾡ܣʦֳȫһʢеӣվ˳˵
˶ĬȻƺڰ⣬«ʲôҩ
λĳ⣬Ѿ֮ˣ棬Ҫȡ֮ö²С
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ټһöһݡ΢΢һЦ
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Ůӱ£Գסٻһվȡ
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ڵ˳̶ȣôȥ
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һ֣ڣ
ʦ֣ʵ̫ˣһӾһܹܵ𡣡Ƭ̣Ů˵ǲ֪ҪۣҲػǮվڱ˵ϣ˼֣Щʵɷͨһ
ǰ֮У֮Ҳֹǣ᳡ż֣֮԰ö¼Ǯɽû˵öʯġҲ׷˵
ʱѾ˲Ƿᴥŭ׷׽п಻
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λʦܣʦãˡֱԣرˣ֮˵ĹأҲ̼֮ҵ֮ʲôǮʲôǮԸ򣬲Ͳû˱ǰɣֺαǰпࣿҪǽбˣΪҲ֪أ۸ءȹ֮ڣ˵
Ļɫ΢䡣
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˵Ҳе򣬲Ͳ򣬷ǳɣôһǼصɽ壬Ҳûʦʦʦų߿࣬ܲ洫ӻɳԳܵΪǳͷɣ
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ţ֪ԼʿûǸԴγãóһЩҲ޷챦Գ
ʦ֪ѽԶʱɹıԶзʧͨҲƻɽĲϣǽδޱȵļͣһЩŵҲ磬Ǳһǧİټϸղŵͷʮ֮Σ
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ȻͬϣŮӲ˵˳˵Ҳǳûвʨӿڵ˵¶ֵֻö̧֮٣˳Ŀڷ磬һǧİټǮܹǧҪ֮¡
ˣؾܹٿط̷ܹ֮ǿսʦ½죬Ҫһѳֱеʱá
·ϲЩŮ˵֮ҲеƼ֮У·ѷɽֵһǧİ


200 ɹű
Щˣǻͷ
ЩŵӵĻλ᲻֪ҲڷӦ
ѷɽͨѰ⣬϶ǿһ޿κΣҲŵӣӵнǱԱ󣬶洫ӳܹóö޶ƸͿԿ
ѷɽɿһãȻͬΪ취Ǽֵǧϵı½ʿһףûôĻܹʮ֮ȡôһǷǳġ
ŵ˵֮еҪأѰԼؾ֮ƣγûгֱУ
һ棬ҲȷĵرҲ򵽣һ᲻ԿȫѾ˵Զŷķɽֵֵ֮ļǮ
ѵѡƻصϣѾ쾳ʿҲɵЩ
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ԭʿҪȡάģû֧֣Ҫ˵˶֣׽⣬һҪԪҪᾫݽߣʧĿֲ
ÿһԪ仯飬ÿһһʻ飬άЩ顱Ҫÿ¹Ӧһöӵʮÿ¾Ҫʮöһһٶʮö񣬳ɽգٸҲҪ
Ȼ壬Ӧ⣬Ѿ裬ΪźһУҲǳһԼңͻʧȥЩӦϾԴʱԼƶ˵䣬Ϊ˵ʱ̡
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춦һֱǸ⣬ԼҲ˵Ǵ˿̣ȴԼ˸룬ɵðԳԾ
ѵ춦ҲͬһʱĲ
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201 ԭʼԪ
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202 ɽ
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203 
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һ޳ǣǳأʱŵЩҲˣԵú򶨡
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Ϊɽɣڵ壬ǻû˵𣿡˵
֪ڻɣϢԡ
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ʱܿ쵽ҹڱĿͻȻ۾һĨĹʳͫС
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ٻ꣬
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硱ƣȻһǣܿͻ֮ﵽһǧ֮ޣ
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Ӵȫ޴ۣ硱ĺ֮УͬҰһ֮һһĴִѪƤ¹˳ޱȵ
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ͨΪ۱ɥ֣֮ѪطӶݣ֮ĳԹ˵ԽԽֱɴϣӰйҪɱ˫֮Ѿһ˿ͽĿܡ
ȻҲһ㣬ڷ˿ûеġ
翹ֱ޲ɼΪƾ΢ĩҲ赲죬ǶԸ㣬ǲ˷Ϊʬ屣ʣڵ˽µʱˣɱ㣬ҲӰҵļƻٴ
߶Ԫãڰ־ѹȥˡ
ʲôҪҵʲô£ɣãƻ֮ˣ޻ڣŹģ𺳾
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ȴ֪ļƣղƵƵ䣬Ϊ˳ѿ֮Ϊ˴ģҡ־
һɲǼľõĻᡣ
飬ڣȫĨɱ־Ȼȵ
׼óֵĶ飬ȫȻ֡
ʶεȵǿ·ֳһ˿Ҳܵѻһı˿ȻԶ޳ʩչͨȴ˳Ժ֮Уȥ
ͻϮ޷֮͵ؾһ£еɾɢô壬ľګȫһ˿
ڳɹˣ֪ˣαصֿ˷ҵʱ䡣
һٿһڱױĨ־ܣЦȥ


204 ľ
¹֮£Ӱ󣬺ܿ죬һΪ硱ʵʶٿصܣĵɽʯ֮ǰ
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һ壬аˣ˵ظ־磬̲µŸҵǶΪ˳ң伫ȻѾ죬ûֱӵΣգôһĵԣǸС㰲θλݣҲĻϲ⣬񻹲֪ʲôĿģˮ׽죡
˼֮У硱ϣһĨ֮ɫ
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ʱ¬УڱĿͷ볣Ϻ֣̣ʾһ;ǳ衣
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ԣøֱ۽ɴڲ֮ϣͷǳҵʮ𿴵ɵӹһ˿۵顣
磬ľԽԽˣԵ̾һ
ʲôãȻѵԪΪûдﵽ޷ѭϢı죬ûɵĻǿƿҲֻùܴɵ³ԣ΢䣬漴ԵЩɬ̾Ϣһ
Ѿ̫ˡ˵
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ԣһģ࣡ϡ
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һʱ䣬ˣԣƴЦǼūΪԼ죬ͿԺˣȻ˴⣬Ǳ׳нѣ
֮䣬޳Թ𣬶෬ͻѾˮ֮ƣˣ˵Ȼ뿪ɽţԼлɳˣкǳ졣
ʱͻȻһҵ졣
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䣡
һ֮Уűײķѣʦͬ߷һˤ˽ص̨֮ϡ
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̣õ찡硱صغһ
Ӱ²ʹվҲΣòҪҵεʲôһɢвƴǸҪϺУǰڶϣ̸ʲôԸ
Թɫ硱ȻɫǾֹȣû˿꣬Ҳ֪ûбϵŭ⣬ƵƵԹʵϣȴԼʩѹȡôɵðһЦҲǿӲ
ðɣ˵ġƺܵǿӲ硱ĬƬ̣Ҫǵý˵Ļ³ɣһջҵģңȣҲҪУϴһԼ⡣
ǵȻӶ߾ܣ볽ֺĵص
̸ıɱ֮䣬֮ձڻˣٱ濴ȫйҲʱԣ뿪ˡ硱
˼ǣҪ룬֣硱ԣ΢΢һ
ֹвĺ֡ЩˣɱһҲҪŹҲųӦ֪ӽԺǵƣԿٸɽͷиԴ棬ЩˣҲٸĸ˳һȥ͵֮У͸¶˿ٸҪ
ҵȻ֪ЩҲ׶ԸҪ֣³̳硱ӹһ˿ײЦ⡣
Ȼ硱Լƻͷԣһͷ˽ҲɵĻοͬӹһ˿ײЦ⡣


206 ·
ܿ죬̥Ķ˱̶֣ټԳ֣Ľ۾ӷ͵Ϯ
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ûиߡ硱ֶ˵֮вԶңǿ֮Ĵıټģǰıڡ
׼һʧأȻǱ֮ƺ⣬ȴûϵ硱Լ
Ը˯ͷвúõĵ
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ֹȻһ˽˳͸ƣԭ츳ʿȴûĸǣһֱͣںǾԴ˷ʳ֮󣬱¶˵츳ܿ书һǱΪ۵鵤֮Ҳ
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֣˶Ѿˣ㿴һЩµľˡ룬硱֣硱ûһ㣬վ˵áŲ豭¶һ˿˼顣
֣΢΢üһ
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ʲôԣһʱûӦ¶ã飬Ȼڴʱ硱еĲ豭ͻȻһ飬ҲӦһǿƥԪƾӿ֣һ㣬ԼϮ
һΰã֮ʤͻȫûһ˿ףȻһֱڰзȴʼջûϵ硱ʱ̶Լֻ֣üվ㱻ɰϯ˷·һֻξֽץס
磡
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𾪣Լƾո
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207 һ
Ȼȣ
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һеġ硱ȴƺϾʲô鶼ûзһ㣬ȻԭأؿͥȻɫ䣬Ҫǵʦ
Ʒնɱ
һһĿ⣬ֱ˳˴ȥ
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ЩʦȻ޷˵سԡ硱ɲĶ֣Լķɽ¶һľ
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磡˶ңۼȥ¶һ˿־壬ѵҪҺҵս㲻ڳͷңʧķˣȻ˴֣ɱҲſң


208 ɱ
ʼղţ硱Ȼֻ֣ܹʧķˡ
ߣ硱صЦһͷȻвңΪһû׼ҼȻ˵أѾ·㻹ڹ类˶֪
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209 ȵ
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210 
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ֱʱ˽⵽޳Ϊԭ
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211 
˵ϣŵӻ˵ʲôȫĬȻͷͬġ顱
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ûзԵ˼춦˳һУԸ˵ӣȫ˽ȥȻСϹһʧ
ˣλʦʦã߰ɡ
ֻʰ׼뿪
ʦ֣ʦ㣬ǰǸղ˵ˡ
̫ɽɫ˴ˣʮһɽ֮С
һƷָԶïܵĴ֣˵
ɽ֮УһȺ൱̾ᣬ˼Σ޷ˣ˵ɽ֮ƣڰ͵͵ȥ
Ŷ澹Ȼ̾᣿һȺʦܹ룬ҲǲסƷһۣ˵
ǰǴȥŷһͨС·пܣԶżڡ
ȻЩŵӶǺʦȴʤڽȵǣ̽帽ĵֻ̣㣬ûаżȫ̽壬˿̸ǰҲһ̽ĵ
ǣǴˣ˵ء
ãԽǰɽȾ͵𣿡

Ǻãתһɹȥ˵
Ȼû飬ܿţһӿз˹ȥ
·ϲûⷢҲָ֮£ͱڣһɽȡ
˹ȱѵһգ˻ûȫڱѺڰԵɭֲȻϲĲľҲǷï˸еǣӹȿһֱûеľγĶԱȡ
ˣʲôط̲סһɺĵֱð˸ս
ʦܣЩʹթɣôɭవдľҲֹ
Ȼг˵ĸ֣ͿԹ뻯ȫͨϳ˸ָܹԪ˫Ŀ֮УҹȻоϢǳĲ
²⣬᲻Щŵʹթ֪޷Уƭ֮ء
ģЩûǸӣеӣҲûбҪôΪͬʱվĻ϶ǲһȻüͷ֮УȻ򶨣ңʶΣգ߸ܹǧǣʱƣжϴʿǸӿɿʶʶûбɱΣжϾͲд
ԣ΢΢ͷȷ˵۶ڱǣӦпܱɱκߵĸֲ²жҲʿʶȴӵʶˣԸӦҲԸӦ
ʲôڣܹɱʶôҲأӶӲȥҪϣȴȻµµ̧ͷһᷢȻµָΪ˫ʵ࣬Լľ磬ʵ̫Զˡ
ʱͷѣѴ㣬ȻᱻЩ쾳ŵɱΣҪЩŵӲЩŵӣһͷ𣬾ͻᱻѹһ
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ӲΣǽ֮£Ǵŵӵ򣬱Ͼʵûˣʲôȥ
Ҳ֪ȥ˵ɡ˿ֿ࣬˿ӣ˿ҹɫã߱Եͱ赲ֲָɫУȻͬһɼЩɫ糣û㹻ǲԣΪֻͨľɽȣҲûϵ֪ͺˣ˵ͽա
֪Լ˵ΣգôЩŵӣζٽȥˡ
ֹһϿڵ˾ͷڶŵӣһߴǧɵʯڡ
ǰľɫȻ·ͻȻ֮䣬ڰһȫµء
һ滷ɽĹȵأԲʮʵ¸߸ңӳȵѩϣӳŵâ
һԴ
ѩͼһ续羰಻Լͬ̾һ
ܿ죬ͷЩԣ濴ɽȣʲôطˣ
ʦֺȷ濴ɽȣΪпԶŶżĻɽȻܹȡ¾ճ룬ͻڡһӿɻЩֺõ˵ͬʱҲ͹һԼЩ˴·á
ԭˣлɽ󡣡ʱ˽⣬Զżڡ
ʵҲлɽ󣬲ַԲҲΧֻһЩд룬ԶڸȥʿЧҲ䣬׷ˣ޸ӦЩŵֻǺ쾳磬Ȼ뵽ӿз룬ҲᱻֹһЩʱյ̽ҵ⴦ؾڡ
Щ˴·ʡȥѰҵĹҲһضˡ


212 ·
ɫĿܿϢһȵԺ˵ɡΪ˵
˱ֹͣ׼Ϣ
Ȼϳ˵ŵӣվǷ̥һ㲻߲ݣʳΪ࣬Բɵľ֣һ죬ҲʼЩֲ֧סˣɵ¶һ˿ݡ
춼ûгԺȣֱʱʱ
ڶ죬˾Ծ׼·
˵ɽܣйŴʿľƺѾΪһΪɽȣֵһ㶼ǿҰ޳ûܹǣΪޣȫҴСӦǧҪˡһվǰԸ
ǣʦ֣Ӧ
Сĵ㣬ʦҵĴ̽·Ϊҵ˶з̷֣Ѷж֪𣿡ƷһӣҲʾص
֪ˣʦ֣Ʒӷ׷Ӧ
ӣԼƷӣѾ֪ǵֱţƽ֮书ľ֣ҲǸԵĴʦ֣ʱվָӵȣҲΪ˸ͬиĹǣںжǵʦֺʦ㲻졣
ЩˣѾɫøȥˡΣʧЦ
Զ֮лºƣ̳ҪҲЩˣȻ֪Ҫ֪ʶȤͷ
˵ҲǣѾȥѰżλˣҲϿѲ߮ʲôջɡ˵
˱εضɽϷȥ
һ滷ɽԴϸѰ޿ҵýһжǷïټ棬
һ㿴಻֪滨ݣޣûּ䣬Ҳη壬ȻԵõظˮԲݣʳ˿ҡ
ɽˮй⡭һĵĺõطƺĴûнˣʦ㿴Щǣ˿¡
˵֮䣬һȺ߲ƮƮȻѩˣɵ˵
УһЩ֮Ϊ츣أԽŨԽ㣬ܹ飬ﾭۣѳΪһ츣ء
츣أһ㶼ǲľ飬Ϣĺõطḻǣпܳޣ鵤ҩ
ҿԸоԪĻָѸ٣ƺҲ֮ԾⶼΪгŨ°빦
ͨ˴ȷܹ°빦֣ʿҲܻһЩ洦Щ洦˵ֻ΢΢ҲǶ꣬Լٶ΢ӿѡԣЦЦ˵ĵطֻӵĺȥĺȥһֱȫûбҪ
᲻ǵãԼܹ֮֮ӷӵİУȫΪ˾öԪԼǾöԪΪһλ
Ҹ츣ӣ£ҲϺͣЪӵİС
˵õҲǣҲֻ˵˵ѣʦܿɲҪ档ݸһЦ͵ҵǽ죬壬ӱûʲôȤ
ͷʾ⡣
ӱͬûʲôȤˣҪңСƿأͳߣңɢȥˣҲỹϣһףһ׵಼ãͼƿԼˡ
һ̸һǰȥ滷ɽĹȲʮʮﶼܿ죬Ǳ˹ȵ롣
巽֮أΪһԣλУǸִ󣬳ǳأΡΪҪŦڣҲԶżʵλãҵضܹ֡
඼֪Ȼһʼֱ˴ȥӣΧӴȣҲ˷ѡ
ڴ˵أӳȴһƬѩ㻨Ļʮأ鴦ʢİɫ䣬Ϯ㸡·ء
ʲô
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һƬɫĻ֮Уһ·įӰΣȴʲôĵ
˵ʶ֮У˿ûвκΣȴƬĹ¶į֮Уܵˣ·ʲô˵ңΪ֮˸
ͬʱһ֪ӺδһƬ֮С
ʦܣ˸е촽΢Եش·¾һ
ˡӿһ΢΢ͷ
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˶·ˣҲ֪˶ãȻԼȻڲ֪дһվصѩּ䡣
ʲôȻڲ֪ж־ʹ˳Уʵ̫ˣղΣշһٴζ
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ʦܣʱҲָ־ѹ𾪣ôˣղ
Ҳ֪ƺǴǰ洫ģǹȥǷˣƺ޶⣬ҲѾ֪ǵĵȥĻδҲ̫ʧˡ
ʧȻص㣬ǳδ֪ĸ֣ڲ֪֮оȡĸ֣ò֮УһЩƢԹŹֵʿСǣͬҪ޹ɥ
ɲ룬ԼʦôһˣԵ޹ʾͰͣδҲ̫ԩˡ
Ҳãǹȥǿ΢΢ͷ
ƺŸղŵЩ겻ģɵüû˵ʲôǰ档
æϡ
ܿ죬˱ղſпڣʱžȵط֣һƬݵĵͰɽ£ѩ¶һƬյأ·ǹ£˿
һ֮еһ顪ֻš顱Ȼһ۵Ĺ·ء
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213 
֮Ĺ
࿴·ص˲䣬Ժ֮з·ϸˮһ޷Ƶˣһδӿ
Ϊһһַǳ˸е
Կأ·ڷеԼİŮӣڴˣԼҲ
Ϊֱ
Ҳ֪뵽ʲôȻᣬҭֵø˸С
εоÿȥҲ죬ȵѹʱѾڲ֪еСǰ
еĲݵϣֻһ·أǳȡ
Ȼʮﻨ飬ϢУȴʼһɹµį֮ȥ˸оź
ôȥô
ʱͻȻһĵ̾Ϣ
˭ˣͷƤһ飬Ҫ
ĹȣݵءȻ羰ȴʼվһĹȻ洫˲Ծ
ѧӣҲ˽һЩʿţ֪ʿ겻ɢɳɾ͹һ;޳Ԫʿʸ㣬ȻмѣԶԶȺųĽ𵤴Ҫö࣬޳ɵҲҪࡣ
νһߣħһɣһԣаħ棬յĳɾҲǷ٣֮ͬҲҪԶͨǿ
ĵһͷԼΣˣȻһͷ޵ĵ̣Ҳ֪˶ϹӵкεȵĴܣ޳Ԫ̥ӵеĳɾͣҲֻϵĸ֣лش֮ʱȫע꣬ɾ͹
Ҳ츳ܹ֮Ԫ̥ʶԪ֮ʱɾ͹أأг˵Ĵ֣֮УԺ֪ġŮ࿹⡣
ԶԶֽԶԿģ˵ˣ쾳綼ûдﵽӵصʵû֣ؼʱбֶΣִ֣Ҳ
λСѲؾţҲûж⣬
ʱ·ܵ˾Ǹĵٴ˵֮䣬Ǵһ˿ε̾Ϣ
ע⵽һŮ֮׶Ϲĸо
ˡǰǹΪλڴ˵أ΢ǰ̤һʾ಻Ҫ˵Լ˵
ⷬٶƼ򵥣ʵ⣺ǳδ֪ǹ֪ǰֱʻǶԷĴ⣬мӣҲᱻˡǶԷ޶⣬ôΪʧҲȵأΪһġǹ
ǰ̤һ໤ǰʵࡪȴòᣬһ䲩ȡøеľٶΪϵĸ֣ǰһľ룬ȫû𣬵ԣȴǼǴ˷ƽȥʱϸڣضĴмȻ̾ʹﵽصĳ̶ȡ
øдȴǿԿ϶ġ
֪ԼĴøУҲԼзİ˼ȡĺøУضΪЧǿ˺пܳΪԼ;֮ϵǿ
ϾҲǳţ츳ӵȫʣԼ֣죬ȳϣҪʮٱ
һ˲ľٶȴıԶǣһʮϰߣжԴŮҲӡ󲻻ʣΣգΣҲҪȣȴǲΥĵȻٶҲû˿ǿ֮౾ҲǼϻۺʶľ֣ܵеı⣬ĿԾվСĽ䱸
δ֪ǰˣҲû⣬ͷ
ǰλСѣǲؽǰǽҵıɡ֮һŮԣһ£ƺЩҼȲˣҲǹһʶѣ˯˶꣬Ҳ֪±Ǩǿɷңֽɽսнǿ֪ͥ콫ӡϢá䣿һʱʵ̫ˣ֪ĻһһظҰɡ
֮УԳơŮӣԴѯʵƺƽʱϰߣнҲ΢ϸ֮¡
һ˵ʱ֪Ůƺδ֪նҲΪΪԼʦ㼫û˿ǰ˵ļӡ
ʻķʽҲе˼֪飬ֻΪҲ֪ȴһ£ش˭֪еġӡ͡ʲô
ĻУһЩؼĶע⡣
ˡɽս
Ůӣ͸¶˼ƺӵСɡΪԡɽ硱
ɽ磡
ͫһо·ҲҪϢ
ˣУڶʿҪƺˣ
ɽ磡֮ף󣡺أһֱֻзʿܵĵطϹٳܹˣܹȹ׽ٵľ뢼֣ҲȻûԲɽ硣
ԭΪΣ˭Ҳ֪ǡɽ硱ʣĵȷȷѾû𣬷쾳ʿϲԼɳΪšŮʿΪӡŮͨõĳƺǡʦɡɣʵֻԼ˶ѡ
Щƺжմһɡ֣Ǻ͡ɽ硱һʾ˼֮
ǰɽ磿ɷǣ֪巽ۣλ𣿡Լ²⵽һܣ̲ʣһ⡣
巽ۣǶңۣ۳ۣϷۣۣԼɻ֮׵̫ۡСΪҪ˾֪⣬ѵɽ֮У˲֪
Եúɻ
ǰȻ֪巽۵ţôգλ𣿡Ϊʵ
ʻ֮УѾԼҪ֪һЩ׳ˣλǰȻ
С˵ЦˣȻ˾ʿ֮ͥУҲһͨʦѣлλ𣬲ԶԶһң۵ĻͶӰгۡСѣ㻹ûлشҵأӦˣԴ˵
ƺûʲôϣǲҲ˸еη塣
ܺ˵һλǰ
ǰ֪ѾԶʱˣŻ֪巽۽ţȥᵽˣһʶ
΢΢̾һȴûаһ˵̬ҡͷǸǰֻƧѰˣ㿴Ҳ쾳Ϊʦ쾳綼ûдﵽô֪


214 
һ䣬ȻûشС⣬ȴҲ滰ǵٸǰǰҲԸܵһƬģޱȵĳϡ
ԳơŮӿеĶңۣ۳ۣϷۣۣԼɻ֮׵̫ۡЩȫԶʱ֮ͥУޱޱǿᣬ𣬾ԶԶţţţţɹٳɹ޼ɹЩŵƽᲢ۵ģȴλĻͶӰɴƶϣԶͥɡ
˵ԶʱɵʢԶԶǵɱȣʲôҲܰһλǰԶҲΪ棬֮ûи࣬ȴǵʣ˭֪λԶʱʲô֪ڲ׺ɣ±Ǩָ룿
˼ɣ˲ӿͷҲĻԵȻɫû¶˿˳ھͰԼݵ˳
ҲȷΪߴ֮жֻСοԶͥ˵֪ȫ޿ޡ
ԭˣȴˣǵȷֻǷˡ
һͣƺЩʧ
þöûҲ֪ôˣȴļ˵㡭λСĪ֣ҲǰǰĽУҶЩ˼ˣֱӽҵ֡ɣһ󣬲֪λСܲܰһæ
зԸ˵޷ˬ˵ޱȵˬ졣
һԸδˣҪ֪ӴϢȴԼѾȥлǰõУ޷жܲܰҰȡ˵أȻش󣬳ȥһҵǣҲܱȴãӴڴˣҰĳߣʵܲޱ߼įҺ֪ڹôˣһϢҲá
૵˵ţ֮Уį
˴Ļ֮УҲΪ⵽ƺǽӡͬʱҲǣԼáѾĲлҲҪҵǣ֪ǵϢ
Ҫ뿪˵أɫ΢䣬࣬Ͷȥһѯ顣
̸۵ΣҲһˣβ֪˼΢΢ҡҡͷ
ȴ˺ĬԻת±ӷ֡
ֲС¾ȴֻɣҲС֮ĶȾ֮λӵĻȻǰŰɣĵ״żǡ
֮УûзӼ񵽽ָΪԼƾֱƣɾʹȴϣǽָ֮׶ħͷأΪūΪͣؼʱ̾ѪҲŹ
Ĳʲôӣʮ׶бħͷ߹ޣƭڷȡ٣ͷų̾Ҫꡣ
ʵϣ춦ж̲ص鶡飬Ҳȫŵģ·ң֪վüģദһʱ䣬αȻԸܳʿ֮Σ·ۿ·ӶȻͻܿʶ֮иӦ˿ΣգҲ̵ͷ뿪ԲɵĻڷȡ٣˿ɳ֮
οʶӦ֮⣬ǻۣѧʶȥжϣӶԷ̸ֹв׽жα
˿жȴ磬ԽҪȰ˵ҪŶԷĻҸУԷ֮ȻΪԼˣǶԷĲͼı죬Ҳܽ¶ࡣ
оܾټ£ߡ
ʦϽȴҵ֮ǶԷ֮̽Ӧδ˺ģ·ңʲôħͷޣڴˣȻʵҪıҲһֲԣͰͶ춦ܲܳܵ
ʱѾ֪춦һҲȻӵĪܣܹһԼУǾɲöԷˡ
Ҳո˵ǻǰ쾳磬д
ԸҲӣ˵ţԪʣҲҪ뿪⴦ֻ֮лҲҪţҲû𣿡Сѵ
ڶѾˣ̰ǰкãһִҪ֪ùôѣҿԲг˯ʱǵϢٻҰɡĻ΢΢̾һ˵
ŮʵֻҪ֪ǡӡԼõϢҲǵùˣȻôľͰѼвлｻİϡһ
ٵ伮֪ؼвΪʿֻܹתвлˣпѾתͶ̥Ϊһȫµȫᱻ飬ɢ
ʿУԪľȻȫͬһԼɢнȵȣֲͬǰ߻ֻصĻᣬ漸ȴ価һУҲûδˡ
Ůвлڣ϶ǻɢһ֣лּǰ֮ʱִм䣬ܹҵԼת֮ߺʵ®ᣬпܾ
ǰҼת˵һƲлҲ൱Ҫģϵһ˿֣ǻϨ𣬼תҲȫµǰôİѲл꽻ϣ
ɹ黳ɣҧҧһľʹӦ
λǵԼʦ㣬ξͿǷˣ
ԶˣвлԶˣεȵ
ֽ磬ѾټΪĸˣİ˵ֻԶͥһʦҲͨʿܹġƾղһ˿Լʦı֣ҲԶ϶Ϊɲ⣬ͥ˵ݣӵʲôԶرΪ棬ָ©һһЩ˴ط
ͺǣ׻ʳ֮еŮ٣ˣӻʹ֮ȡһǰһٹ˳Էõֵ꣬Ǯı
Ȼˣұˡ
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·ƺûʲôֻУʱţѾɢˣתھûѶ󹦷ķڿ¶
̣ȻޱȽţСķʱпܼ춦ӣ֮˳ڵ֮£һʯףûзκΣա
ɫصشʯף֣û֮еʬǣֻһβڲͬľҹ١


215 ӵĺô
ͨĹ٣ңҲңǾ֮٣죬ȻҲûУޣĵҲ
ʲôҴܵŨķƺϴεõŽֵҪ󡣡
а⣬ϴεõŽ춦ԪǳַһͻȻһ˼ǾԶŵķ̺ؾǳܹ֮࣬õԼкô
βٲ֮ʯףβٵ˲䣬ǰ·һŮӰ䣬ᵯ۲ת֮䣬޾İԹ֮ӿֳ֪̾ӵĲлδɢڷ֮ϣӵвķ
ڣǳ޷
ӣˡ춦ֱ֮Уʱпܱˣȴ˵Ź𾴵ĻСذβٴʯ汧˳
лСѳȫ˵˵أҲûؼյĻᡣ
ˣҲһԵ޵֮˿ԵҵƹˣҲǰԼ˵Ҳûʲôʧ˳Ϊ֮ѣ̸ʲôл֣ϵ˵
տ˵׻˭ᣬη˵úһ㣿
ʦܣڡѹٱ˳һĵĽ䱸ﵽΪ۷״̬
λӡĻϲ⣬ҪԼ˲Ļˡ
Ȼڴʱһĵ飬˳ٻһװС۾գһ£Ͱѹ˽ȥ
һ£ʵ̫ͻȻˣ
һ¶㵵飬ȴصԼʹ˸ɫɫصӣֻʣһƲл꣬ûضԪ֮㲻һܹռΪõ챦úɡ
ǡӷԼĹٱսһŹֵĿռ䣬Ҳɵóһ漴ȴǾϲޱȣôԭʼԪСѣ濴嶼û޳ɣȻԭʼԪԼԭʼԪ
ӵǳһ¾ͿԼڷͬѰֻƺûʶԼѾƿ֮УԸܵлϲãǷģûһ˿ʣɵӿһ˿ĸо
ҲֻС˺ˣȴ뿪˵а⣬ɽ˶ϢֻԶﴫֻɽ󣬱ΪǶȴû뵽һ·أҲѹ֣˭̬һػĴȥػ·أ
뵽һ
ټ֣һһէǸղȫĶͶλϣ覿Ѿƿ֮УǾĲҲʱɱղˡ
ӣһʡһǳҪ飬ֱӿڡ
С뽲Ҳ֪λıԵݼ뻯޽䱸ص
ʱƭ޷ִ˴ڣܸܲǣʲôɽػţ
ȷˣӴڴ˹ȣ˻ħ״ػ󷨣֮ǿɱʶʹ޷٣лԼǿ󣬶ǵķҲһӽ͵
ȻдػԾħ״вĵ伮û˵֣ܺãһԶ֮ܹΪУض洦
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ӣһ֮룬ȻҪһ뿪˵أô´ҲûʲôôΣ
ĺôǰҲ˲ƤˣھҪ
ԭ飬޷СҪȥɡӴ󷽵˵㿴ݵصǿѩûУߣдͼҰӴҲǺܾͨ󷨣滻ͼܹõġ
Եھ򣬹ȻһϻϻвһŹյͼһž˵ͼ
ȻûƭңηˣһϲɫԱˡ
ˣôͶ˼Ҫţ֮УƺһʶҿһǺη顣ʱ춦ĶҲ˶еʵ
ڵ춦λһ壬ܹ߶Ҳܹ߶춦൱ԭδնϣʱǰԪ޸춦񽻸Լȥ顣
ڶִ춦Ҳû˾ľְǿɿղűȫעæµŷֳһ˿ע⡣
βʱͲҪˣеĲлҲʲô飬Զˣ֮ҲȫȻţҪ飬ô˵ܱ˺ãһƲлپȴԸҴԶţرأЩǾ޴ĲƸȻ˵
֮УţϢʶЩҲǱڵĲƸûлԵȥȡˡ
Ӽвлľҹٺػġħ״ͼЩδǷû֮ֻҲ˲ֱ֣ӾǴˣ㣬Ժټեȡļֵշ
Ҳãҷֳʶ̽һҴ֮иܵԶŵϢƺ춦ͬһʱĲص˵
ֱԺ˲±Ӳ
ʲôԶŵϢͬһʱһ£дϲãֳʶ̽һл겻֮һЩҪˡ
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ڲ̽˱ӷλ洿ҲãҲգ˺Ƥί߲
ΣҲõȵھļֵõȫô˵
֪ˡᣬֳܿһʶȥ
Ҳɵ÷ֳע⣬еϡ
Բβ춦ڲĿռ֮У·ûһ˿ǣǻ¶ɢһɷǳµδ֪ϢһзӿԶԶϴŽҪ档
Ȼܿע⵽ʶٱ֮󣬲һܿͣЩƵ˵һԶŵ춦ѵҸоϤĹȫ룿
Ͼȱȫ֮һʵαؽ黳æοһ䣬ͬʱҲǷϲңβԽ棬ֵҲԽͶ춦Уѵɵߣˣ飬ⶦе޸ôˣûȷסİ취
˲صģ춦Ȼȱȫһ󣬶ҵڶҲܿҪˣûдܲٿأҲûеǣӲȥ϶ص
ʲôڶҲܿҪ޸ˣҽõһϢȻһ
⻹ǶǰŽԴԴṩ޲ٶȼӿࡣ͵
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Ҫڲʣͨ춦ûвʵĴڣԪɣֻҪָָܻͨܡ
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216 һȺ
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һۿȥȴЩ˸糾ͣЩˣϴŵѪζƺ֮оս
ϸһˣɢŨŨȻݣҩְϵĵر
˼ͨ͸磿֪̾ȻԼǰɽ̽Ҳëȡô
Ҳ֮Уܸĵԭ֮У֮⣬ޣݣħǧٹֵ֣ʿ̰֮࣬Դ룬Ҳȳݲ
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Ⱥԣɫ䣬Ϊ׵ʿưɫɵһͣ¶顣

ԭΪԷһոսؾõͨӣǳѹȴû뵽ݱȻҵӵܡ
ңͨӵܵҲˣƫƫСܣе㲻ճˣĶҵĴͳ̣ҲΪʳңǸӹҵϵҪ֡
ͺ֮У߸ϵӵܣͻȻһ۵ˣΪƾѹԷȴû뵽ԷͷǻҪ󣬾Ȼǻӵܡ
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ͨɴᣬѾ𽥴һЩ쾳ĵӶ֪Ĵֻû뵽ȻҲؾ
ԭʦܡʦҲ˵̽գǺɡʿһΪεЦ
ưȴҪЦ⣬Ҳûа취顣
ԴΪӵܣעͲܹѹͨӣǻûк̨Ĳݸӣ˿ֻ¾Σˡ
ɫߣЩ˵Ц̸ȴ˿ûӱ﷢صһߣԵüΪм
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ʲôطҰ⣡ɱ˶ᱦıƺˣʿҲҪһο
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ʦģҲ³ç֮᲻֪þյĵ̫Ҫɣرڳ竹ӵƣôסԷƭǷ֮Ҿͼ𷨱ԶԶߣǷӦҲ̫ˡ侲صش
ŵСӣȻ˵ɫ
ԣɫ΢䣬ȻһЦɫ˿Σ֮Уƶ
ЩԱݣЩɣߣʼˡ
СܣҵĵϵôҶűԼΪߵʦߣͨĵӣսսϥѾǳѵˡ
һֱأݹˣҲţϴβμӵɴᣬǺͰ׶ˣĹ֣ĵӣɱ󣬱СǲҪΪá
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˽һЩĪ⣬Ϣ˵뷨ҲͲϻˡ
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ôᣬҲǿʦ·кѣʦ㡣סʿڨڨ˵ӹһ˿صŭ⣬ȴó·
һۣҲϻֱӴʮ֮ɹ
ʿȻԷݵأȴһ㲻῿İˣҲ˵ǲˡ
ȻڴʱʶʿУΪϣͻȻһ׵Ĺâһε̣شӻз˳ֱ
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ʲôȻ̣
ȻһҲ˵̵ͷвĵ伮һЩļأ֪֮һַǳķΪ
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Ժ֮УʯӿһЩ
Ƥ죬ѾסԷۿžҪ뿪ȴûϵȻıʡ
аһҲǵϣ춦ֱӾͰԼŵŵԼ˽ȥȻԼҲ˽ȥ
춦ȫ߶Ҷߣ
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218 
˷ӦѸ٣ر洫ҲԲȴǵһ㣬λλǱУʼհѲˡ
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ʦܣ˷֮У̣ܹӦʱڿ޷ѣҪ㾡ȫУܹطϣǱ㲻׷ɱˡӶд˳سıߡ
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֪Ҳһʱ⣬Ҳǵóѵġ˵
Ȼҵõʹͣӵгİʱ޳ɵʮȴֻѰһΪ֮Уͨ湦طͳͳһŲᣬʿ൱ʦǿǣȴȫзû˶ֵʸ
ֻǺʦͨʿ⵹Ҳգ޳ͨﵽأԼ޷ƥУһ㣬зǳ
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𺳣ͬʱҲȷϣûдŴǸ˼֮òƿһ
лӳȣʵҵĳУʮ⣬񼫣ӼȻܹʩչͨǣβɴֻɱֱӰǱˣ΢΢˵
СѣȴΪˣͥʦսķ콫γ֣Ϊεصңк֮£ЩȻɷҲվ޳壬ӵУǻԶԶܿˡ
ӡԣʱΪ֮ᣬڻǷʱҲֻӵլʺʵѵãЩ̰׶񣬻ҪɱңָΣǺôҲʶһؿұɱɣ

ᵽӶʱΪ
ôźãҲ֪ղͻȻܵ𵴣ŷСڱ׷ɱǰӴھͺˡ
ƺҲԹ˵ȥȴ޼ƿʩ
ӣʲôӴˣֻܾңǿ취ɡһͷ󣬲ɵóһӵ߽ʵڲУθղɣֻҪǣұлɳˣ
ղáǽֵͨҲŮԱķšѣڻָһ˿æ񣬲ٿعٵ
ʱӦйٷ·һ˫Ů˫ָŪأз󼤰˳ȥ


Уʿһ
ˣ
ãܹѹ꣬ס񡣡
׼ûٱˣͣڿУ·ʩչһ㣬ɽ
ãһĻ𶯣æʵӿʲôƵܹͨͣ͸ãȻܹжǳʱ̫ˣԶԶܡ
ӰǣУҶܹʹţУӣǽ뻨֮ʱҲ
ԭסҺʦˣ𣡡æ
ӻæҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪô˵üرհˡ
Ȼͬϣ֮ɫУͺԼ뻨֮ʱһ㣬޷԰Ρ
ûᣬڣ
̾ͳԶݣ֮ززȵʮԶ˲ŷӦ
ôСӶʩչʲôָԶ΢ţɵþ֡
Ҳ֪ƺǴ˵֮еַšԣһַţҸղͱ޷ԿˣӵʮʿЩɵص
ô죿СӾȻɱﵣǻ׷׷ӵʿЩǵ˵
ģȻҪ׷øղŵĻɱǣΪ֪ɱǣֶξûֶˣԱģңûдϸܵͨϢһЯķǱҵõǼǲһҹѾû˿תˣ׷׷ȥɱΪʿݺݵ˵
ǼΪȻܹܵ˿ж˲϶ûɱǵֶΣ׷ȥûΣգܻ
һɱ˶ᱦʬ𼣣һˮңֻҪ̫׳յŵӣ֪ڸЩʲô
ƴȫ׷֮ԶĿУһ
⣬ٴα壬ԭأȻٴγһ˿֮ûС
ظȵ˻عѾӵӰˡ
ˡʿɫһƬҰס


220 ٴη
ССܣҲϳֿȵĺˣѣǱؽ鷳ϡ
СӲӵҲˣֻǱ׷ɱһأСҲ𽵹ͷܵӣС棬Ǳ㽫޷ܡ
λȥϱչǱޣ²ʡ
֪ѵĺҲΪ֪ܲϧ壬Ȼֵ֣ܹȻǺã֣ܵҲ̷Ӧֻ
ϱ¶ģλȥ֮󣬱չزܱ
ʱ˦˵Ҳһããɽޱ߼ʵֺ֮С
ĶڵɽУձ鶼ŨĶ츣أȻЩ츣صԶԶɽڣֺݣޣҩ飬ȴ׾٣ҲΪЩķ࣬޵ĻԶԶһҪ
ǹȥĴ磬һɽݶΪɽָ֧ķܣǶ磬һɽӵʮȺȴ׾١
ֺ֮УʱһƬ֣·ֺȫķ
ؾеޣܵϷϢȫҿϮ
֮ҵһƧıɽٳ춦˳
ʦܣˣϲأѪ߰ߣ಻ɵóһæеʵ
ڶУȻԸܵȴΪʶޣ޷쿴ŷܵ˺ƺᡣ
ûʲôֻЩƤ˶ѡ赭дذ˰֡
ĶජһԪָ֮ŷգֲɵüͷ
ԲɣΪҲǲֵģ֣ȻЯڶϳ˸ͬУӦ޾ޡ
Ҳ֪Ǻ֣ʿ˵ͥŲû̫鷳
Ҳ֪һֱɣӦǿҪӽķΧˡ˵
ʿ׷ᣬҲֻķӶݣʱķУӦѾ˦ѡ
ҲԶ϶֪ܹ߶֮Ҳ׷ˣԽǿ壬ǵֵĻԽãȻǸϽӴΪ
ǲܴ⣬ͣϢͬʱ쿴ʱҪٴ̣Ϊ˰ȫʦίһɡ
Ӵȡһո࣬Եػȥ
ɽնȻƻָȴ˲پϷҲ˺ˡ
·֮ɫ΢԰һЩѾ˵ĺۼˣҲ춦ܹԪ£ǻѰʿûоѪԪԭʼԪ໥תı죬Ҳ޷ٻָƣؽӰж
˵ز˾ߡ
һУûͣǴ࣬Ǳ붦зɶݡ
߶춦УԶԼתмҪ죬Ϊ춦ʵûС⣬ȹЧȴֽ޷ġ
һӳ֣·ٶȴӿ죬ʱ֮Ԥ֮ķΧ
ȻڴʱͻȻڿͣϹһֳӰ΢֮ɫ
Ȼûе֪ˣһǲ֮壬֮ǧԤ֮Уȫ壬ʵϣƫҲľ롭Ҳ½죬ȵԵʣƥʶҲܹԶУ·ˡ
˼⣬ܿԭ򣬵һ춦һ飬һ֮
ڱ֮УӦٻֳʶƾλһķϵ˹ȥܿ죬оԼһˮ֮С
¡
ɲǼ䣬ԪϣһĸоӿֳоԼԽƣ޾ȥеľҲ·ۿһ㣬ޱ
Ȼͬһ㣬ڷй֮Уķƫ
ʶԶԶӵϵʱһǿҵĽͻȻ֣ɲ֮䣬Ӧ֮һƬģжȻһæȥʶӦͣ
ˣ
·һĻѣ֮ӿԺԭľ󣬶ʱһŷҡ
Ľ⣬Ȼ޷壡üͷ壬ǾϵĻɽ󡭡Ӧòעɣ
ģƺֻǸʶӣûзĹЧҲûвпӵ鴫ڶеλƺҪע⣿ҴϸӦڲͬϢƺֻЩ
һ£漴Ӧ˵ӡ
δãҲΪͷۣȡôıܣǾ£Ҽύ
ֻЩͷǳ˲ð˵ֻһƲл꣬϶޷ȫʢʱȣƾղʩչֱ죬ѾǳˣܹѧԺ̽գ˶ؽӵۺıǮ
ң£֮û̳ΪŵӣǱѩӵԼüޡ
ûǣӵеһжܲɷ֣ûĿʹͣԼûнӴͨĿܣ
ʿֻ޷ֱͨ޷ģͺǷʦֻԣȴһһʽ
ʱҪˣҪ̽ȫھ򣬳ҪмֵھȻ뵽һ飬о˵
֪һֱڱ֮УҲ±֡˵
Եͷȴǲɫԭس˼һȥ
ľ룬УʱҲˣܿ죬ϣһƽ̨
ڼڻصϣĵ伮ӣܹ֪ݣá
˽µʱƽ̨棬ѲɽͻȻ֣ɫŵΧ£
ʲôˣԭʦ֣ʦ֣
Ѳɽӻæݼ
ʲôţô˵Ҳ˽䱸ɭϣ
ص壬׷ɱʱǱ;ȲڣѾָʦֵϣЩǺظֵѲɽӳ֣ɵһ
ʦ֪ǰաϳˣѲɽӼ糾ͣƺǴæ˵
ʲô£أ˵¶䣬һ
Ϊ׵ĵӿ˿ܣѹض򵥵ص¬ӱѪϴſ;ԱɱӺӶû⣬Сŭ˷Ըȫ壬ǿ䱸
顱ʱ嶥ͻȻһʶʧϵֱƮУܣˣҷ嶥һˡ


221 
ɵþһ£ƿԶҪȻôԼ١
ҲһʶͶϡȻѡ
ȻʵڣǾΪȴУȻڶУҲӦɽӡ
֪ˡɫػһ䣬ûżѶе˷ųǾֱɽʯȥ
֮ɽУŮȺæΰݣӣСȺˣȥɡ
ͷ˽ȥ
ܿ죬Ժʯͤ£ü˼΢΢̧ͷָָǰʯΣܣ˵
㣬Ϸ壬ΪӺ֮£֪ʵ̽
Ҳ˵ˣҪ㣬ȴû뵽ѾɽĻؿһۡ
ɽ¬ӳµʱʵ̫ˣﵽɺϵĵز˰ϵһ˭ȷһ뿪¬Ӿͳ£ǹʲ󣬰ɣʱȴЩѰζ˼
⡭⣬ͷƤɵһ飬ҪͣȴȻǺһͬеģôһ
ʦ㣿Ǻʦһͬɽģʦͣ⣬ûкһ
ô£һ˿պޣüͷɵ΢΢𣬿ʵ
ʦ֪Ǵеɽ̽գ;ˡ
֪Լ龪һԭɽһ£ԵӣȴΪͬС
ˣû׷ɱԼ˵˳תעҲǳû״Լͷ
;оȻǰ٣洫Ҳ˿
ҰʦԼˣзˣ֪ӣ׷һ㲻Ҽûбǵ֡
ԭҲ֪Ϊʲôֻ࣬һ˻
ܵϣ˱ᣬȷʵ֪֮ҲҵұΪⶴ֮У˸ӵܣûдͨԼķڿڱˣȻ꣬ŵ֮䲻໥ɱ¾ȴȻ಻֮ͽŹɱ˶ᱦʬ𼣣ĺǣЩ֮ͽȻⱵҰĵزˣ
˵ţͻȻһת
ȷһţ֮Ҫ¬֮µˮʯٹؼͻƣ覷ͽȫȨɡ
Ҹ𣿡һ¡
ôҲû뵽ٻԼǰȻΪ顣
¬ӵŲҰ˲֪飬ȴ֪ΪʼնΪܣð֮µģȴҪĻ׸飬Ҳ֪ǹ̽Ρ
ĵףӿһɻ׵ĸо
ҪչǱޣϾ˼£֮Ⱥ鶦У޷ѹζҪҳһҿǾð㸺ΪãΪǽȻؾҲ˶ͬģףź˳ô˵ף
˼ǣȻ֪ҽ죬ȴΪ⣬ų⣬ȷǷҪΪϵࣿܰΪӺӱѩޣһԭųҵҲ޻˵
оһ׽ص⣬ȴ˳ϵ˼˵
ʵ˵ֺγ֪
ΪһˣǳˣҪĺ㣬ʵ̫ˣѾΪĸСΪ㣬ĻǱū͵ѪҺԵõĵĳϡ
ɵ˼齻Լһʱ𣬶Ǿܿǣû飬Ҳⰲ
д˰ţұøǣͺޣܹΣ֪֮ԼЩĶ뵽ԼĴЩص
ţȻ޷ܾóȻӦҲǲף
㲻ԷƱ֮У³ȻֻǸոţֺҲǴ´࣬ѾЩӣҲʱͨˣ飬˽ɣҲͲؿǼϸ룬ֱӴڸ㡣
·𿴴˼΢΢һЦ
УطٻӰӦ֪֮һּзתֶͨΣطַΣ֮ʱʹã־٣Ժɨ³ˣʹʿҲܱǡ
ʲôͨطԣ΢𣬡лȫ
֪Լ̶ʱڵõҪĶ
ȻЩĶҲ֪ûдĶ紫ֻͨһտŵʲôʱֶܹ֪Ҿ֣ڸǴڣڸҲǴڣҶûʧΪҾһͨ
طҪķѱӰЩѵˣҴӹЧԺɨ죬ȫ൱ӵʮǿ֧Ԯ
ʱӵд˷ӶݣԼɱˣõʲƸ
طһһʹõĴޣͨȴ˾ԼģһŵĴͨƺָջ
ȱлңȻΪӵܣҲӦõģҽǳҪмǲҪˡ
֮⣬Ȼң˵õĽûˡ
˵ͻȻͣһ£˵Ƕ磬ƺ˽Ҫ㲻
£ѾȥˣΪ𣿡ڹŵĴͨЩؿһۡ
Ȼ죬±㲻֮Ҳ˵֮ĵӲζҲпЩͼıĵΪ䱸ɭϣôܴýĵӦòȻѣѪ˵
ԭôģƶƺΪˡȻһ˵
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿʼô飬ܶԼΪ
ȻˣȻȥɡˣ໹棬ȥӻ
ʱٷԸһ㿪ʼˡ
ȻǸ뿪
ڷؽ۾ӵ·ϣڴ˵ǼɽʶʧˣҲʱʱעȫ壬޷֪˵һһ
Լǰ˵Ļѻһˣ壬˳ͬʱųĻƷˣǸǲȻ
ȵٴη壬ѾǵڶˣʱѾʼչأ£¶˷ǳ̬


222 Ҹ
ʦ֣¬ҴūͣȫѺڴˣһʮˣǵйһ˴븮УȻ̸ԵΪϤ
ϣһƫƧԺ֮УʮԲŵŴӵ˹Ѻڴ˵¬ҴūͣԼǵۣϸ
ָǸĸ֣ǵпܰòЩ䣬˵
ū;ҡͷֶʶһֻܹһŮΨΨŵŵƺл˵
ƺ֪ʲô˵ޱϲȻ˵
ūǶӸŮ˲ڷ̣ƺӽˡ֡Ůӵ˵
⼸Ҳʹƺ硣ЭѪĵӷ׷׸͡
ʵʱ¬ѪѾգ褣ϼ˴£ѵһͶȥ˵ָӵĴȨ褺ϼûؾ޷ᣬֻðеĵ
һ顰ࡱѾҪˮʯ
ô˵ӽѲңһԲӣ˽ۡ
ԣӹһ˿صЦ⡣
ʵ֮УӵҲãŲݸҲգܷȫƾõľƾλ竣Ȼ竣ĽʣȴģڳҲûһȻΪɱˣ෴˶Щֻ˼
֮ӣŹУΣʱ˲ã;ⶣҪ䡣
ǳֻˣ֪һȺ˸飬жĽ
Ҳô˵ɣӱϾˣô˵Ѳң
ҲвãΪȥ
ǰǵץԪףΪλӱѩޣͬʱҲţֹٷߣǿɲҪˡ
ߣ˵ɣץԪףѩޡҵ뿴ƾЩֻƬץԪףⲻǿЩüͷ
ǰ˵ԼȥɣǰûʯǣǶãһЩ˲м˵
ʱ򣬸֮Ĳͬʼ¶ˣЩ󲢲Ϥ²ؼ߸߹𣬶ЩܹݵģҲݣһЩˣɴǵϵһſͣʱ˿̣ʴӣ֪ӦǺá
ˣǾͲҪˡۼԺбµļȫȨµվ˳
ƽʱǮĺôֳʿʵйʩ͵Ķݣʱ˵ǳãȫæͣ
鰸ģģɺͳ
ǰףݺݵѵһ漴ޱ飬תһ⿴ʵҺĵӣţ˵˵յΣ
ŵĵæ˵ʦ֣ʦǲŬʵޣ޼ƿʩҲ֣֯пܳӵķ׷ɽܣֲǲ֮
ʦ֣Ҳ֯Ѳһ·϶ջѯʷѲɽӣҲ˵û
ֻӳؽ磬ҪץѶ̫ˡ
Ǹ˻ûʵľ֣ӺʦκβǺҹ׷ѾðżΣˡ
󡰽Ѳҡһɵӣ׷׽пࡣ
һ󽻺õĵӸŭȴԣǷǳɣЩ˸ûоȴû֤ݣ޷淢ֻܼץΥϼӳͷȫ鰸׷
ЩΪСҪץס磿ԣɵҡҡͷԲмСĿģڸһͬʱҲֶβ켺ϴɽ壡ѵһһͻᱯʹᱯʹϲҪ鶼ˣǰæ
ҲҸôβˣô˻еӣж˱£ǵϵһɵſͣ£СǴִ֧ˣΪСһĵɽܵʾС
ңûͬҪ˳ЩȫСһ仰飿ߡ˵˵ȥҪҵɵʹ쵶ն飡
ĿڵѲѾǴϵӡֻЩӻִ޲
صԼۡȴ֣ⷢˡ
ʦ㣬ôˣЩص
Щ֣ȻսϤʱƵʱ֣ûر飬Ҳʱ
ʦܣǲڵɱ֮£ûкѣżɽֱѯʡ
ҲϤ֮ĺô飬Ѿûп׵ıҪ
Ҳ֪ˣҷ֮ȫȨ£ôʦ֪ʲôҪҽ΢΢һЦ뿪Ц˵
ʦܣо仰Ҳ֪ò˵˵ˣСֻ߽ǳ֪νһǵ˵ƺЩԥ뿪Цһɵɫɵɫʵڴ֮ǰһ䣬Ųң
ȻˣʦΪͶԵȻʶãȴཻ֪飬ҲɵЦݣ֣ص˵
΢Ȼ̸ʶů̬ĵʶٻЩĵõģ֪ĿⳤԶƽԼŮӼΪټټ飬ϲҲԼϵĵطνͶԵ
ѣǷǳϧģ˵֣أ˼ֺ˼
˵ʲô
ܺãҵĻǾͲҪˡĿ΢΢ƺЩʹ˴סɣҪԽԽ
ʦγԣҲ˼΢¶ؿ
ˣʦܣʱͲҪװˣЩ޿κΣƺû뵽ʱ˼Ϊ治֪躹ޣʱضҪʦƿأõɣ͸һУȻʲô֮ţݺµʶܻ֮еġ
ʵҲ֪ʦ⣬Ѫϵ൳ĿģǷֲλҲֻİֳΪ׼֮ȡ棬ΪӹȨƣûʵʲôȥ
ƺҲ̵˼ޣʱ򻹲أɵһ˵˳
֮Уոӹʵ̫ˣͷһΣת۳ɿգҲϣҲһȻˣ𣿡


223 һ
һʱ䣬˶Щ硣
һ˵֮£ƺ͸¶۲Ѿã֪ĳеľԹۣۻ֪ڵĴ
Щƺû뵽ҵԼȻΪȰԼҪǷɶ˻֮£Ƕ£ıȡɡ
ʦ㣬㡭զզ࣬Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴȥƺҲںһʱ嶯¶
ҹ۲ѾãҲûʲô⣬ϣʦ㲻Ҫᡣãɫָ糣ɫ˵
Ƕ֮ˣûбҪ÷ķȽԼҲ̬ڣɴͺʦֱ˵˰ɣʦʦƿأɵĻҿ԰㣡ȻҲʲô󸻴֮ҵӵܣҲǸ߽ʿͶ̥תȴǴ׻ʳҵĸףñ˼ʹ洫ӣҵүүһλϣӵؾΪǲϵҲǼ֮вɺӵҸӵʣǰ;ͬԶԣֻҪ˽ɵ£ʦضκ㲻á
·ڿһδ񣬾þӣĿ飬ȴᶨʧᣬĿȷԼҪ˵˳
ɵ£
Ļ׼ҲɵñĴ󵨱Ÿһû뵽ѸٺԼɴ¡

ӵʣΪ׻ʳ˼ʹүүгϣظ֡˼Ѿκʿˣɵ£ǶЯ
ǣҲͬϵɵ²ǱңҪķպǳ֮СٲãҲֻдٳɣᷴԡ
ΨһᷴԵ˾С֧ſͣΪɵ֮󣬲óŮͶϵ£Ϊ׸һ㣬׸׻ʳһӴ޹ϸ
㲻ĳ£ôһݣҲͶ޷ȥһƿء
ݣѾǼūܣһ壬ɷָ
۲ƸδѣϵʿҲ٣ȫ֧ͽϳ֮ǰҪΪĶͬĵпܷ䡣
ͨүүҲǳϣӵвŵ伮ʸҲԴͨɵ£ضȫ࣬˽Сһ㣬͸ԪҪ͵͵ֽš
죬ͬΪүүųϣϵʿ٣ܹΪŮ䵽ԴףԶϿɱȡ
ˣʿҪĲơ¡ıѾ뱸ʱܣпܰķҲʧؽԳ˷绯һɳ졣
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ʦ㣬ΪΡ¶־ȡ
ʵûа취еȣΪͺһ·ϣԵ޹ʱµ½УֱǷ˼
ûдǶԼм⣬ҾЩӵĽսϤѸپҪɵ£ʵִ̫ˡ
һгǸĻĵӣ㲻þҪΪͼ͵࣬Ȼ֪Լ
ʦܣûбҪֻ֪̫࣬ҪԸԸͿˣҲ֪˵̫ͻأˣҿԸʱǣٴҡ΢΢ף֮ӹһ˿΢ɲɬǲʧŵӱɫ٩٩̸
ʱҲ侲ɵÿʼ
࣬ûжų֮ģϾԷǺŹŮʹˣڣΪѵõǼʶ۹ⶼܲ÷˵ŮӾܹ֮࣬˳ɾʹµż
Ҳ֪Լûжġū͵ĳû̫ɼҵ˼է콵ƣһɳֳ֮գһŮ鳤׷
ʦ˵ƺҲǷϲҲŶԣˣûжٹĶŮ鳤ֻҪ໥ͬ۹ãԽɵ£飬֮УͷԷɵķޣˣӿɿҲ̰ͼļһסĵҲǺõġ
뵽˴ѾԼ˾ҾһζʱĻ壬Ҳ𽥲µͻȻŵͼ
Ǹϻ۵Ůӣʱ죬û˿ԥνǼҡ
֮£ɷҪи֣֮Ƕѹ磬ѹ磬Ƿ֮䣬Ҳи֮ˡ
ҴӦ˽ɵ£С˭
ӦƺҲУΪŮӣѾֵزǾܾޣҪƽһ
οЦˣôҲû뵽ԼСĶǶ»ûչȱȽһ
ȻҲǶЧǻľګŵӣҹӣδؾͼʱ򣬲۸Ϲӿ
Ȼʦ񰮣ҲԷƱʦһ⡭
ʲôӦûɵһϲҲ¶ЦݣͻȻͣ£ɵüͷɻ֮ɫһӶ
ɵ£°̾Ϣһ֮ˣȻҪĸ֮ý֮ԣݹزܳΪŵˣǲҲ֪ͨѣϯ
ȻЩֻ֦ĩڣʦٰ춼УʵᣬҲԽȥǵĵ֮δ֮¡ͣµԭüë䣬΢̣һҸ㣬Ц
ʦһа취ˣҪȻҲʱҡЦ
֦ĩھͽԼǷٲ
㲻Ӧҽɵ£취δЧѾӦǾͷǳˣԭļƻȥֺʦ㣬ҪĵϵſȥԳ֣൳ʱȥϾ۾֮飬Ȼ󣬱еϵһΪѣ˵㵳ͬ죬Ҽ壬ǾĲؼʱ̣Ҿͳɵµ飬Ǵ׻ʳʿ汣㣬ʱǳ䶨֮ʱ
ɵظ͵
ʵʦжδؾҪ㣬߶㲻пܣϻϻȫϾʼնܣΪʿΪŵӶʼն㲻ǸܹʾµѡҴһ֮ѡ
һϯоݣͷͷǵǲҲˡ


224 ͨ
ʦ˵ò֮Уʵһ֣һ֣ͺ֮еۣ߼汸ۣȫԺ޼ˡ
ĽͣУþƽϢ
֪ͺãһҪ㣬ЩʦرӣúϰɣҲҪǱһʱ䣬ܷ졣
Ҳ֪Ҫʱ飬ǵ㵽ֹԼ֮ȡһ֣µصݵǰ
ǡʶ飿һ¡
ȡ֮Ȼһʶ顣
ʦܣҪĶͨؼֻвͨлء
ʦ㡭
ĸжˣû뵽ԼļȻͨʶ鶼
⼸꣬˵˵¡װΪū͵ˣӰΪԶģǵˣӵ
˵ĹˣһҲһûŹŮİõ춦׾ϴ裬Ҳ޷ɳ
һֱ߸ϣ̬ģҲ֪ҪЩʲô½֮󶼻ΪŵӣҲûдͨȴɵ£һ־ͨؼв𣬿֪
˵һʼĳ⻹ɣôڱѾȫȷţΪֶͨѰ˿ӵеģͨ׳ˣⲻν㡣
ͬʱҲ֮ǰѾԼӦͰѽ£ӦʹߣʲôҲûз
ȻǸŮӣ»ã˾Щˡ𾪣жͬʱҲɵЩп
Ȼȥˡ൭һЦת뿪
֪һˣʹϲ˵Ҳ֪ʶ
ĿѾɣҲʱûȥˣһ˺ú徲һ¡
֮ͳţȻصУһһɢŨʶġ
ͨ¼
һƷ飬ڵһ黯ȼԺ֮У̳ػӰ·𿴵һޱȾ޴Ĳᦣ顰ͨ¼ɫ֡
ԭµʶ飬ȻǼ֮ʮͨı䡣
ͨȻͨ
ɫ΢䣬޾ϲ
ͨʮֳʮ䣬꣬ϵ޳֮󣬿ɱسɴ磬ҹǧ죬Ʋ꣬˺ѵأֻתνǧ򻯣ܡ
ַãļľҲ֮ͨУνһͨͨŵӱѧؼȴ˶ϰǺңӵܣʸõ
ȻҲ֪Լõһʶ飬ضûаеȫͨȱΪԼδɣϰԵʣԼһΪܹϰ־Ѿ󸣷֣ܹͨתļɣӶͨԸСɷҪȫ޳ɣǾ̫쿪ˡ
֪֮ͨУӵС컯ߵȵȵȵȣǿͷ֪ǳͨϳϾ磬ʮصϾա
дݣмС⣬̥ΣƣףԪɽʯȻϣصֻоͨͨҲǰãѧ֮ͨؽ°빦
ʶѾΪһ֪ȻͨȴдĻͨСĸ̥ͨΣгˣϳ˾ȫյͨ
˼ʱҲ
ˣ춦еĵڶѾ޸ɡʱͻȻصشһϢ
ʲôȻˣҲֻǱˮнı䲻ʲô֮ڼ޳֡
ȻоϲȴȻɫΪ֪춦ȻҪҲܣⲿͨʵڡ
ҹ֮С
̥ΣѪ
ϷӿȻ֮䣬һŤ·һ㣬˶֮Уݲϸı䣬Ѹٱһ˵ģ
ϷҲű仯ڷʹ֮£޷졣
С⣡
ٴα仯һţɶСĹţҿС

ţһʹʶͨ
ʱڣѧͨһ飬޴󣬲ʺʩչĺͨȫʹá
ͨضǿУ򣬲ɣʵϣʿ޳ɷѾḶ́ӵз֮Ѿѭͨ
ͨԶҪ򵥵ö࣬Ѵʩչ
дͨ޳ɣȻˣֻͨ棬ȴֻҪ÷˼򵥡
Ц̶ʱ䣬Ѿ鵱еͨ޳ɡ
ȻֻСɣδ֪ҲѾǷǳ˲ĳɾ͡
ϲʦܣ޳ֻ֮ͨҪڼϰܾͨˣȵ֮գһ֮ͨʱãܹͨΪЧ
̶㽫ѧͨһһգغϲ
˵ûֻͨҪ÷ͷǳ򵥣Ҳʿ˵زʽصġ
ɴҲԿʷǳϼѣûпˡ
ʦܣͨʮֻܸоֻͨеǶгˣΪ徫Ӣӵ֮󣬲ܻУڵЩѾҸ͵͵µˣϣ㲻Ҫֲźáף֮Щûʧ˵
ԽʹˣĳɾͱԽ󣬶ʿǣЩǽ
ʦ˻⣬̰֮΢΢һЦҲΪµ˼
ˣʦôˣĵص
Ѿ¶ģѡҲʼͬͬˣҲӵеµĺô¶һ壬ܱȹ¼ҹ˵ĵҪǿ
ѾʮйҪдȥҪ֮ʱԳ֣Щˡ뵽飬ɵһЦӹһ˿ɱ⡣
㲻Ҫݵ̫ˡ
İɣΪ˴Ȼþȴʤڽܻ·װԼ֮ءͷ
Ҿͷˡʦܣڲһ;Щ⣬ٷֳҸӦ̸ֿ֮ʼעתҪ
ŵһ㲻˽ǷųԪ߷Ϊôʱ͵ϮĴʱɱ֣ɹ˫ѾԱ˴ΣҲû˼ˡ
ѾʿѣֻҪӦϢèԸҲ˫޷ŵһ֡


225 
˫ޣһŮʿ֮Ž˫ޣԪʶศɣͿԳ֮Ϊ˫ޡ
н죬ŮޣԲ֮쾳ķٽеĻӡ
ַʡȴޣһЩԲߣȴӵʵĵӣǿͻơ
һһν֮Ǵ
ͬĵΪŮԸ˫ޣԼİҲԿٽﵽ˼ĸ硣
ãʦá
˵һ¡
ʱˣ಻ߣȻҪ˴βܽУĻһڶԷͷ̾ҪѪ
׼𣿾ĸҵķ˵
š˵ͷ
֮УԶ޴
ֹһӣɱ¼𽥹ȥָֻƽյ˰˿ûи˰ͨΪĴã֮̽ĸӹϵ
أͷԾԶˡ
ûǰ嶥ǼӣΪʱΪѾﵽһؼƿϾҪͻһﵽͨˡ
ʦܣҪͻƾˣ
֪ҪﵽأҲǾϲӡ
ѸٽҪˣϲȻǱ޴ѺѺˡ
֮ͨתΪؼ֮ǿʼѪһתţҲĹؼֻ֮ͨʿ÷̤׷ϴ֮ͨ·񵱳ʿ׷ɱ޻֮ͽЦ
ид˵
鷨ͨͨ߶Ҫ˰
ҲΪȻص˵ͷɽ׷ɱ޻֮Ľѵʵ̫ˣʱͨȻһܹܶԷҲԲһζӴܡ
⼸ͲعˣҪչǱޣȫͻơ룬˵
ʱ˫ޣߵüŵӶʼϣ֮⣬ûܹϽǣҲûκӡ
ֻ˫֮Ϊķ񣬷ֳڣȴ˼ˣҪΪĵĿƣ˿Σնģͻƣȴǲٽˡ
Ȼ֪
ǺãҲչز죬ãҲҲѾʿˡ죬¶ŵ΢Ц
ԭɽʮţ˫֮ΪԽˣȻӵгĵ
˰֮صԼ֮У׼ء
춦
һһ뵵СֵС
ԼΪص챦Ҳӹһ˿ޱŵĵЦ⡣
ܹ֮Ȼ׳ͨؼйأҲ춦һݹ͡
ΪԭʼԪܹתΪ
ѯʶ飬֮õϢϢΪ̣صĵˡ
ûЩԭʼԪķؼ両εΪãҲûһ꣬ʹһ
Ҳ˵һʱ䣬ʮȻһ꣬Ӷʮ
ֱڣҲ֪ΪʲôԿԭÿһԭʼԪ൱ڰľҪһ˵ʵʵ̫ˣпܣԭ뱸ʣǱ춦׾ϴ֮ӵС
Ī𶯣жɣ춦ѾӵͬʱԪٶȸˣͰһԪתΪ̵ȵ㹻ǿ֮ʱͿǿͻơ
д΢˷ܣ·ٱһ㣬͵һŨӶƮݳڿС
ǰֻɱʱվΪʱʶ̫޷ٿЩԪڽ죬ȴǿɲٿˡ
ǻΪ춦еĻ
ݻУľˮ

񶯣ϰתֹߡ
ʽȻͬϢϡ
ںԪӶ϶ΪһԭʼԪҲմȾϷϢն˵ԪԾԪˣҲֲתȻҲڻ£ΨһƣֻԪĶѡ
һԪתһá
ȻԪ֮ѸѪ֮УתΪһᴩȫ
ʱȥѪ֮еҲķ
Ȼ̺ķʱʱһ˵ٶȣһһ˲֪١
ٻһʱ䣬編ƣһһԭʼԪתΪֱ춦мԪĴͣ¡
ʱǣﵽʮ˵֮ޣЩӣ鲻ŽҲ޷֧ġ
ˡҵõһȫ֧֣һöԪ¾Ͳƿ˰ɡ
üͷЩδĸоҲʵ޿κΣֻͣ¡
֪ԼķʱﵽƿˣⲢ˵Ѿ޷ɸǿķǲޣӻȥ
ãҪͻͨ磬ҴʱΪҲѣһһɡ
ݺݴ߶ȫĵѪؼ֮мصͻ֮ϴģӵʹԼͨʺʩչͨ
壬ͨת䡣
ڵˣ
ұչأԪתΪʼͨʱһȺ취£ŮٽеʿƺƵس˷½һƻֺĺΰǰ
Χƣɺ׷裬û֮Уû֧ţȻգ
ɽ䣬һŨƺŨ֣˼ɾ
棡
Щʿڹǰƽ̨ϣһģ洫˳
ǣʮ棡
ưĮ߹󣬻ұޡֲͬʣͬʿ΢𣬷·Ϊ͸¶ĳ˷ܼ
ʱ˿̣вͬˣȫתΪһ֣ǾǱϹϾ¶ԹԵ˵
ͨͨĹ㳡ʿɹһĵ֮УŵһģӰƽɽذݵڵء
棡
Ӱû˿ӦȻǸղǸΪʮ桱ĺ˵˸λϻڿʼ
֮Уӿһ㲻ϵسţЩʿԼվλãЩζ˿ҡ
ãʱһׯµգǿƥʶɨؽ


226 
ЩˣȻҵϡ
ϣһ֮ڣ쾳ĳϣȻڸţЩ˺пֻѰӣߵ΢ְλͨʿ֮УȨ죬ֶǧӵޱԺյݡ
Ӵ¿ȥϢ޷֮صһЩҲѾﵽͨӵܵôͨҪͣһ̫ãֱӾͿԽ
ĵӣ֮ϾͿԳԳأﵽ³˾۷״̬һЩӵܻɢ޷ơ
Щҵڴ̸ȫǹغŴƣ˥飬ҲһЩǸλõĵʧϻע
վڵ׵ġʮ桱һӰģʲİʿ·һİϣȡһһʱӦи׵
ҵճ񣬾Ϊʮ桱İʿִƵģʿִңȻѾһЩͷԺգܹڣһѸ٣ʾᳵݵɡ
ֱ˶õĴ𸴣߶Լ֮㹻֮ʱЩ̸ȥ
ϵĻ飬Ѿβ
ʮ棡ͻȻ֮䣬һڴ֮Уɨڳÿһ˵ʶֱĵŷɳƵһһ飬ʱʮ档
Ŷʲô飿ʮ桱ֲУû˿ⷴӦһ㵭Ȼʵ
ֻ¶⸱һ̬ȴû˸ӵ֪̫ܶ飬Ԫδع飬ߣ档
֮У棬棬棬ʮˣ״ᣬġλڱչǱޣн겻£ִƼľʮ档
֮£֮ϣȨգѲ⣬壬еȨѪΪӵܣûκηϵĿܡ
Ǵ治ˣ֮
ʮ棬ϵһɱ̶֮ѵʱ򴫻˽˰ˡɳƵ¶ۼѵ
ɱһϻо飬ʱúǵ鴦ãҲǸóʱˣ磬ȥһˡʮ桱˵
淨ּʮ桱Ĵһ׷ͯյʿһҾ
ϣС
ʦ֣ʦ㣬Ҫľڡ
һĵӣԴֺõذһһżһһڷǰ
죬ྭ÷ĵ伮ЩŵȻ֪Ҫʲôȴ֪һѵõֺûᣬҪϤӣϣȫȻûбĲᷳ
ʦ֣ʦ㣬Ҫľȫˣû飬ȵǰȥˡ
ãȥɣ͸λʦˡ΢΢һЦ
ҾһϢ£ֱǰãһϹɫƵ¶һ˿˷뼤
ʦִ˶٣һصŵӼæ˵
ʦп֮ȻҵȡһصŵӣȻѾ֪ĺˬ
Ȼ˴򿪽ңöȵʯʱϲ⡣
ҾڣҲ˷Ĵͣϣʦֳźá
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ȻЩδؾǾأٵ˰ԩͷթƭһ뷨ȴȷʵΪɽ˾֪ǳէĵӣҲ֪Ĵ
ʦܣ̫ˡ൱Ȼ֪ȱǮ˻ӻʯ΢ʡ
ǲǾãҺЩŵزʶûбҪ£ǣһۡ
Ҳ˼ֻǾãôƺûбҪ˵
Բ˵Щǧһǧ˿ʯЩߵڰ׵˵ں죬뿪ЦĻҲ˵óˣЦ֮ɫһ˵Ų֪ʯЩŵһʶôľʣʯ԰ǴԲԲɣӵһ֮ɾ͡
ô᲻֪ͨӱĻҲͲöʯȥԼöģ಻࣬ĴͶ˵콵ơüͷ΢壬˵Щʲôã
ʦ㣬˼ף޷ǾǿƽӹȫҲԳɲģʩ£ĴɢƣֹǱô򵥣һЦıǸӳԶĶԽȵԺȻͻˡ
һЦΪѵõ¶һ˿СŮ̬
ʻӻʼҲ˶Ǯƣһ֮Ҳûô⣬ȥˡ
ˣΪ˰ѰӡǡӡǺεģҪٷġ
á
һ̸߽ţһ߷ֳʶǰĸ֮С
ЩʶӵʶãȴһԵƷ֮УΪ鼮ʹãҲȥһֽŵķ벻㡣
ҪȻѰ纣ţԶʷƾ֮޷ɡ
ҲҺǣһŵӣûнؿʸ񣬻治֪ͷֱԼҲھܡ
ǰЩڣ˽죬𽥱һ˵ķ֡
ӣȻԶͥ콫ӾǺεȻʶȸ֣
һƪȱ֮зܣ˲ɵöһ£˴УǾ㵡
Ϊ˱֪ǻβҹڸ֮ۡУûдŹҲҺˣҪȻ˿̵𾪷֣Ҫ֪ˡ
磬ɻ𣬶ɻ֮£ͳȺɣţɣ½磬ֱ磬޹࣬ӣūԶʱ֮ʱĸ֣Ǹʱ绹ǱһӴɹͳΣ콫ǹ֮еսͨܡǵضǾ춯صǿڣֻϧƪֻΪᵽ֣ûϸļءҲ֤ӵȷԶˣԳͥʦڿӦû˵ٻϲӦþλӡ콫ӣɹĸͬʱҲʧɢȻһȥ꣬һƲл䵽
ȻĵޣҲȷӵݺһˡ
¹٣Ұ붦Уðżķգֱڣŷţ˿ķɡ
ʦܣδҲ֪Ľʵ
ſڣҪش𣬵ʱͻȻȻһ
ʶɨ˵
ͬʱһڣһηǰĵ伮ʱʿʶɨһΪʱֵĲԼǲ춦еĶ飬ԶľΪȫκʮµʿ
ЩһɲǣֱԺ𣺡ܣ㵽ӭ̨ȥһˣ嶥ЩǹͣĪҪʧ
ʦ㣿ʲô£
ʶĽ٣ÿȥҲ죬ԹɫܿҲʶѰɻʵ
ȥӭ̨ӭӹͣƺֹһˡ
ʲôЩϾȻ壿ԣɵվãʦܣЩ˶Ϊһģƺб䣿


227 ѯϣ
˻Ļ΢΢һ
شѷӦ
ȷϴ²⵽ȥϾ۾֮飬Ȼ󣬱еϵһΪѣʱٳҽɵ£ʹȥİõ˽ᣬҲҳΪƷڣ黹ûйҲûн죬ԶԶ㣬٣ಿ𡣡
Щ϶ΪһǵĵԶԤҪ磬׼Ҳʵʩ֮Уһʿ֪ͨǡ
ΣȥЩ˰ɣʦȥ취ܿض˵
Ҳֻˡصص˵ͷ
֮뿪ãǰɽӭ̨Ȼ˼Ȳʿ
λǰλǰɸ롣
ЩʿҾһ
ŶӣЩȲʿһֻۣһ΢³ʿδӣֻǵɨ˹ȥѾ֪ˣǰ·ȥۡɡ
Ϊ׵һʿ׷ͯգĮ˵
ǰּλǰɡЦ˵
ʿÿɷ񣬷Ƶں棬ɽȥ
ʱɽ嶥ϣŴ󿪣ѾŸ˳ȺˣŵļʿǳҾһ񣬿гݼλ档
ն´ϣܿƽƽ񡣡Ϊ׷ͯյʿ¶һ˿Цݣº͵˵
ͷֵλ롣
Щӭȥ֮󣬱ûˣû뿪İдƫ֮Уʱǲ
겻Ϊˣٹãܹ飬ֽͨһ龳֣ʱ򣬼ؽһ﹧ϲˡ
Ȫ֮ҲĿˣ治ǵϵš
¿ܣ˸ӵȣ
ĸ֮ۡУݵʿ֮ɣ
֮Уһ˿С˼
ȻΪϣ˱Ϣ棬ûаͽֺС˵ıҪͬնΨһһϺѡˣٴӣ²֮ˡ
ӵԺյĵϵǼʷΨһһӵţѵõǣһ֮֡Ѫʣӣ֮е̫ϳϣҲΪ֮ݣعʣǲϧԷΪۣΪӣ֮УҲǾ޽еľ
ͷΣݣѾʹΪһе¹Ķ֮ģԺɳضΪžһЩϣֻĺǿЩ³˵ͨŵӣ洫ӵľ綼ûдﵽθǰϣ
λЦˣҲֻżѣķͨʮǧңңڣҳţ
Ȼ֪ԼݲЩ϶ԼٰУ΢΢һЦò˵
ƹǫһףϹͣĿɨڳϣգΪ׷ͯյʿϣʽ棬й壬ʮʲôּ£
ҲµˣǴǰΪʮ淨ּ׷ͯյʿͷ˵
ֽ磬ʮҼ֮УڵʮӵܣΪ죬ӵа˰ԪӶΪٽΪһлִңΪʮǰƶˡ
ʱŴ־ǣʮ桱
Ҳֻһ֧Ѫ෴ʱ俪֦ɢҶϷܣѾ쳣Ӵ壬ֻķ䣬ôһ֧Ķ죬ӵдȵȵȵӴļ塣
Ϊ棬棬棬棬ʮȵ棬ϳ˵Ÿ֣ﵽһѪԪľ磬һξѪɺŮӽϣǧͨô򵥡
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ѱƷͻȻһһ޴ĶӰյۣͺӦ͸еһɾת֮һϲ죬²ŵأ鴦ããһƬİռ֮С


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ˣȫĴҺ䣬Ҫҵ춦㣬Ӷݣͬʱ֧ס֮ʱȫͻȻһңʧشһ¡
գ֮Ƿ·ܵһɹɵľײˡ
ûᣬڣ׺䶥
Ͷעս֣˵˲ʧôŹץסᣬ߶һ˿䣬ȫϡ
ˣƺһѪɫҲɷף·һ˲ࡣ
ȴǾһΪ춦ͨ³Ѫͬʱ̾ͷ֣ЩѪ˲ʧеԪҲһ
ҪʼزסԪˣ
춦Ϊ鶼бԪȱıܣͨĵرһʧȫֿ˲ٷټˣѾֳ״̬̾ͱץסᡣ
񣬸ԪΪã
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233 գϣ
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Ǵʼ˵ף˿֧ţģĥ֮ҲԽԽϡ
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ЩӣϳãʵһЩӣȴǣԼôǣͻͽġ
ȡӶԪ

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˵ηȫѰ·Լš
ڹѡҪģ͵͵Ǳ壬û˻ΪɱֻҪ춦Уʬ𼣣˵ĻȻ䵽ͷȥ
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ҪǱ֮з֣ǡ鷳ô򵥡
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һǬ٣ҲöҲϸɨһյ춦С
춦ԶȡǬãҸӰȫڿٿش˶԰ɡǬˡ
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ļֵԶԶղеĶ
ˣ˵Ѫ֮УȻ
ͻȻ֮䣬ԴԺ


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˯ͷϸҷıȻ󣬵ȴʼն޳ɸ߾硣
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ʵȻܣǽҲȷʵƲϸУΪֻǸʳĵĹûиƸ˷ͺ˵Ļ̾ͳɱˣžԶģȥһɢޣҲ԰ûʵ
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Ǿģʲôϵʦ㲻ýţʦ㲻ʱֳͷʶģԪļ󣬶ҺûҪȻҲ֪ڵʲô΢΢һЦ
Ҳʲôֻǣĵ֮Ǿץʱ޿ɡοЦ
˵Ҳǡ룬΢΢ͷ
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Ҳû뵽ϢȻͨҲ֪ãͺ˶ҵϣҲҪڱ֮мƣ飬һƱ㽫ѣ˷ǵ飬ȷ˱Ѱȥˡ
ŵӴٲΣԤϣֶҲΪ棬ǴĹĳųϵŮϢȻͨ
Ĵ£Ļ֮˵һҪ޿Ļɻء
ӣƺָֻյƽȴ֪ڲѰӿһֵķ粨
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һʱ֮ԲѰգʼϵͨ


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Ԫ췵գ
⣬һ˵ĻĹ֮С
߶һͨмصһͨױʩչ˳
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ڽˮʰ˳ķӿ̱֪ͨͣԼͨͨѾѷ˳

ԭӽ죬һȫµƾԲٿأǺӴ಻ϰӴ߶֮Уйؼʱʧȥƣ߻ħĲҾ磬һرԪᷨͬʱϤĲٿ֮
ڶͨͨͨһ߶ļɡ
һͨʼʿѲͨԸ߾ģֻһͨҲԽͨ۷״̬Բ֮ͣͨղͬĴ߶֮³˾ķתѾȫ˽⣬۷״̬Ҳˮɡ
ˣҪʼں޳𣿡ϲ⣬Ȼ˵
Ȳҵľ磬ġǿЦЦ
Ҳ֪㵭Į£޵õ㲻ˣΪҾѪԪ飬֮УѾܵҵľΪҲ޷ԽңҪֻתӵõʮϲУ֮£һζͿԵģеʱ򲻴
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˿ɻǵã˵춦Ԫ鲻ʵ
Ȼǵá
ˣ춦ʹԪĹЧʵԶҪǿֻͨȱʧٷ֮һûзӳ޸һЩؼУΪϣʹԭеĹЧӳʱ˿Ѫȫ춦Ϊһ壡
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Ϊʱ޷ҲûбҪ𡣡鵭ص˵Ҳûʰ
⡭ԣɵÿЦһ£ȴǵû˵ȥ
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޸춦ָֹõĹؼһһģԶ˵һϡ
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ˣˣҪ춦ΪڶҪϡʱ򣬶˵
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ҲֻˣҲ޷ãȫˣǡƷһڽ춦С
֮ȡԷͺҧҧͶ붦пʼ
ô飬̺ٵƣͶȥ֮󣬲ʵ
аǧƣǧƣһǧŰʮƣԴȡõĵƣ޸ʮټǰġƷʮӦаɣȫԸʱˡ
΢΢̾һҲ֪з̺ĵƶ춦һ£Ϊ춦ĹɺЩȻܹͬõһСõƣѾˡ
ֻϧǰŽƺǺ춦ͬһʱĲҲ̺ƣضܹ°빦
֪ģʱǰصŽ
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Ĵ;ѾһʵʵĻ룬зͺ˲֧֣ʹҲǴ´࣬һۣҲһ
ĳʵ̫ˣʲôҵľŻãһǿĿɽʦȡõгɾͶǺ˵ɣĽʣҲ˴ţһūȻͷϣ̫̫ˣеԶĲ˵ڵĿɽδҲԤ֮¡
ԶŴνŲʣȫ֪飬Ϊ۽翪ˣûаЩССֵķҲôΪ۰֮ǽٶԶԶߣԤˡ
飬ҲǼһ䡰ߡԽģȻûж飬ȴ֪оݵĵԼ
ʱݷ֮ȥ֪䣬ǰѯѾһ֮ˡ
һʱڣȻѰ˫ޣϤ취ڣһյ峿ͻȻӭԪ䡣
Ԫڣ˫ޣԪͻȻӿ·ҪȫԺһҲӦˡ
֮УΪµ蹬Ϊϵĵط裬֮Ϊ蹬ʴ˵
Ԫµӿϵһ̣Ϊ蹬֮ʱһɲǼ䣬޵ǣ֮Ϊ֮ɶԺ֮з·ǧ컯ʶҲӿͷ
ȻȫѪԪʼüΪң޷ƣμһޣ֪̾ʱޣҲӭһ̡
ʦ㣬ͿҪˣ˵
üͷ壬ûлشƺȫ񶼳֮У޷˵
ǹˣȻ֪ԪԵţҲΪ⣬΢΢һЦɵصʦ㲻ؽţԪӿԺ֮Уתıؾ֮·֮֮
һÿ˵ʶֱ͵Ժ֮УҲؼʱ̣עȥ
ЩӣʱѾԳɹ˵ԪͷѾϤ˴˵ĴڣʩΪѾû˿ˡ
ڵԪѸٺΪһɣķ
̣ʮﵽһ˼ٶȣңû˿תΣգԶԼŬࡣ
ʱȥңһɷǳǿķѹ⣬Ȼͬں
һʱȥͻȻһ׹⣬׹ӿ֮䣬Ҳ·һεĴץסȻա
ȣͬڡη𡱣ݵءһ漣췲Զ޷ӵһٴҲ޷ץסԼͷ嶼Υ飬ؾʿȴΪӵз
ܹƾ͸ڿУȫ֤˿Ѿӵзˣֻз漣
ȣҵؾڳˣһڵϲ뼤΢΢زʦܣؾˣ
ǰϲʦ㣬ؾΪʿˡջذͻƿķվԵ˵
ԭƣҸղŸӦԺ֮еƺԺ·ҲҪմ˷ؾİˡԳڸղŽʱĻ֮УҲһ㣬·𿴵Ժ֮ҫֱ֮Ϣ֮󣬲Żζл㣬ʦܣҪֳԪʶҵĽ²˳
֮Ͷѣʦα˿һЦ˵
ʵ˵죬ݶȻСʶ飬ͨȣҲ㲻ʲôˣҲļ˽ɵµԸ໥ֱǷ֮£໥֮䶼ƽϣǾ̫Եüˡ
ȻҲ֪˵ͷ㲻ˡ
ͻƺƿ֮󣬾һʦԿʼԼΪˣӦú׾ܶȹһ
ʱѾ֪һʿڽΪѰһΪƾȡһʹĵİа˵һֱ˰Уһٶʮ˵ϷҪȴðȡɵ
ǰչ̫ʳҩ֮еľӢȫˣҼΪ׼þʮöԪֻҪʱ䣬Ϳ԰ѷһٵӵ߰ٶĵУ³˵ļˡĻҲΪȻæ˵
ʮöԪˣЩԣͬ˲ͬ
Ϊʳݾ磬ԪΪѸ٣ʵֵҩǰö̺Ԫ֮ĳɷ֣ĳЩҩ
˵ҲͬȻʱĻֻۣǱ˲ɼƶѣַΪܹͨģҲֻĺŹŮŻһͷʳöϣٻʱҩֱӵͨʿܶĵС
һصʿոսǱʱ䶼δ˷ѣҷԽߣĳɾҲԽõĵӣˡʦ㣬㽫ĳɾͣһֹ³˵ģЩпص
ǵȻֻҪʱӵ߰УͨʿܶĳɾͣȻ֮ɽ𵤣г˵ĻҲӵİٱϣ޷ٴͻƣԵ̫޶𣿡൭ȻһЦĸпЩΪȻ
ȻΪϻۣʱĪ黳ȴġ
˵Ҳǡʦ㣬Ҳһ£ǾϷ嶥ΪáҲ֪ڲǸлʱæ˵
ãһȥɡ࿴̺һ˿顣
Ҳ֪˼˿죬֮ǰᵽĽɵ£ڿǰˡ
ֻҪһɣ̾ͿԲɫգȱ˹飬ֿԽв𣬳ɾԼ˵Ǻôࡣ
˵飬ǺĶģ룬˵ڻʱ򡣡


237 ˴صϢ
ʱΪʲô
ô˵ӹһ˿죬Щʵ
ȷ޷⣬ˣ޶֮ӦܹܵԼ⣬Ȼ˲÷С޲£ȫ໥ΣͬҲûջ۵飬곡ϷȰֶ£ȴδɡ
ʹвôԼֻǵһףҲҲ׬⣬ʲôҪܾ
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ЩԣУǷʸΪĵ£ֺγѡ
ֱڣû¶ģܹӱӡ
ʦ㲻ҪᣬôԭġҲ֪ԼľܾᣬʱɣɳˣɾͲˣæ͵
ʲôԭ򣿡ɫЩͬʱҲЩա
׶ѡ˵
סĬȻ
΢ᣬʲô鶼ҪŵһߣܲҪǶ³۷壬ͻأΪ洫ӣǲİ޽ɡ֣µѰһڡ
⵹ҲǸɣΪϾĹͻȻɵ£δ̫ûֹҲᰵֹ
Ȼ֮ͬˣҲȫûΪ£ƽΪһԱӢֻеҲʱŻ˳ˮۣɺ¡
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ˣҲڷģԻȥ׼ɽ֮£Լץʱ䣬ȫ߶춦޸
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Ҫ֪춦ܶԴͨÿָһҲһ֣ѾԶԶ֮ʱ
޸ͬʱ춦ڵǰŽҲȻڱоԭʼѾ¶躹ޣҲûټȡЩԭʼԪǰǴԱʱ֮衣
ЩԭʼԪÿһԹ췲֮裬Բɵĸֺ˴򶷣ÿһζ㾡ȫҲ֧ҹ޾쾳磬ȴһĵֻ˵Ǳˮнˡ
춦ΪԭʼԪԴЩп˵
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ٷһʺƣõʯ鵤Ǿͺˡ
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Ȼһ֮£϶ʱ¶ڵϲɫ
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ʲô˶Щ𾪡
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˶ɲǷͺɱȵģٸУҲ³˵ӣԶʱȴһɵʢʱʱ˾൱ʮϵľ뢣ȫͬһΡ
ת̾뵽ණ˶ĸֵ˲䣬˼ͻˡ
ò˵˴Ϣʵ̫ˡ
뵱һͬǰɽǳ˶ȥֻû뵽һԶﴫ۵ļϢֻ﷢һ·أһ·أҲõԹĺôΪֹܳΣһΰһΰɱ˶ᱦǲĥĹ͡
ϢȷûŪ˶ɵýʵ
һЩɢ޵Ķؾ˶飬Ҫȷٰ
ҪŪһ˴ٴǰǵɢӵĵطЦͿˡ
ʦ֣û˶˵ǽ϶ʯϵɹ֣ԼƣѾȫȷˣΪЩԶŽƻãǲôŸϻġ
Щĺͽȷ˶ģ˷ܵز˵Ҫ֪Զʱٰ֮ãʲôǿᷨ󣬾ƣҲñʱĥˣҲ࡮ԴĽȴã˵ҲɾĸµģпϵĴڣ㲻ɵڰ


238 ƶϣ
ٿеġָѾʧȥЧãɽȫ޷ĶĶΪǳȻ˿Ǳ˾뢵ĴڣǾʱţµĽҲʧȥЧá
ͬģڡзֵķҩҲʧȥõķƷ֮ʱõͷǰŽпܾǴһѳġ
ҲһЩܣɵʢʱڶԳΪֵĴڣܹʱţȻãͬģµķ͵ҩȻʹãĶͲǡǡˣ˶֮еľмֵĴڣ˵һпѰŽǰֵͨô롰пѰ춦ر
롰̽գҪеķҲԶȡҪߣΪЩĽƺֻͨǰ衣
ԹŽȻҲֵ֪طĺӿȾָģʦԳ˵
ǲֻ֪ûȥɣ
Զŵ˶Ϊǿʱ䳤̣ͨв̶ͬȵԼžһĶ³˵ӣҲǿԴһģʱЩĶʵ
ǵȻҲ֪أǴ֮Ͼ͸ϻʦˣڳûе֪ĵص
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ˣŵ˻Ի͵ǰ;ȻЩ£˼ŵӾǳһס
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پŵĳΪ洫ӵĻᣬǶԾԹȥˣϵϳ˸֣Ҳųϣʱӵб˽г˵󴵷ݾˣûбҪ档
죬ŵȴǷǳзģǶԣҲǷ
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˻վԸ뿪ˣ֮ǰӴȡһЩѪ£ЩѪݣԭΪƻȥѰҵģͬʱҲΪ˶ܷͷⱻ粨֮УҲһСջ
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ˡ˵ͷ
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Ҳûа취顣Դε˵ɫ֮䣬ЩΪȻ
ԣóеʲôԡ
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һʱ֮䣬Ƕһɹա
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ΪŹغһɸϢɸλþǲԶУϵǳ磬ҲԽŲƷֱӳ·ͿԵ
ҲΪԭԭŽɵˣȫΪľһ̽
ɶϱأû뵽Ķ£Ȼдջ񣬿Ѫѻħʱתʱˣ
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һɢаħȴ׷ͯգɷǵӿһؿľĸʬЦ
˾ȻһħʿҲ֪ĸùӱϣɸʬ˳ѻǣ̽ɸϢ
黹УȵȡأΪͿ԰ţ棬ٿɫˡ

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ŮʿߣһŮʿҲɢŷϢЩ취£ɵķ£ղǸɳƵߴʿ
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˽Ҵɱ֮ѣȴʧܣ԰ϢıԼҲֲ˺ã֮бȱȽǣҲѹ˻ὫŽɣΪⱾǼпܷ顣
ڣһϢȻû֪ԴͷǼŵӵҲǼΪģ˻Щɡ
֮ǸôҪɽѰңڳд̽ϢŪȥСŮ˵
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ĸߴʿû̻ش𣬶ǿˡ
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ĿԿһȺƺѾʶˣȻͬһɵĵӣΪǣͷˣߴŽһңڵѴһƬƽ̽գҲнеʱ
ʵ͸Щ죬ҿǻڳжգ̽˵ɡƽҲһ󣬿˵
΢΢ͷ⵹ҲʧΪһȾϡ
ȼŵڽֽʱһطҲмͬŵװʿܻᡣ
ЩŵΪβ룬ϳ˵ͨŵӣҲԲԲɵľ֣ؾʿ˿ȴһãڴƺڵȴʲôҪ
ʦˣ
֪˭溰һʱ֮䣬еΪߵͣ鶼Ǳվ
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߽һˣ˿Ƕʮ£ʿפзòֻ͡ƾԪĵܿһЩߡ
ض񣬶ɡƺϰ˵Ĺޱϲƽ˵ͬʱпŵλϵɨˣټǰΪ˽յһš
ʦ֣ɸ֮£һʿվ˳ʵ
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Һصƿܹõزأ̾ͿԳᵤΪ洫ӣԣҪȫ븮Ѱնұضǡ˵
лʦ֣¶ϲɫæ˵
ҲһõϢʥԷƽƺҲɸȤڴµӸԷƽӻŵӵʱһֱԣΣɸıҲУ¶ϲɫкâһ˵
ԸΪʦַǣ
ʦģǻȫ̽ѰԷƽȡ
ʦֵвǲǵɽ𺣣ǡ
˵׷ױġ
Ǻã²˳٣ǽϾҹȱһȻƳҪʱ˺ͣǸȥ̽룬絽һͻƣҲһˡ
һķ֣ϵ˵


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಻һ·ΧϢøΪˣһּΪĸо·ҪǰԽԽá
෢Լ쳣ɵ΢΢һ죬а֣ԼҲǻգô뷨
ܿ죬ϱһ˿𾪣޷Ƶؾһ¡
ʵʦܣ㾹ȻͻƵˣ
ǳԣͨ϶ˣ˿ɢϢȻЩŹ֣ȴɡ
ңֱӾΪ۷״̬ȫûһ˿ʡ
ƾôŸǾҲ벻ͨʲô飬ȫˡ


248 ⣨ϣ
ǽˡ
Ӧһ䣬¶һ˿˷ܡ
죬ʦ㣬ǸȥõĻҿȫأνɸ̽գջԶԤҪ󡣡
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춦ĴڣܣȻ˵һֹãȻ棬Ҳǲ飬ʶ㣬ЩԴǡ
ԭȻ𾪵˵ܹɷѾԳƵرˡ
ΪˣǸҪ飬ͳͳȡ˵
Ѿ¶ģҪȡЩɷ
ĬȻͷʱҲѾ֪Щɷ棬Ȼᷴԡ
ʱѾʯϲ㡣
һĴټĿյУڷٸӣҲ֪ʲôʴ죬Ȼ࣬Ȼԭģ
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ֶʶᣬרƵķרΪ鼮ʹãͨΪ塣
ԶźϹţЩѰձĶҪҪͳͳһɼУȫûзֽĴڡ
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һЩԶŷ飬ŵĵ伮̺ĳɸλãĳ䣬ЩҲǼмֵģпܣһԶɵ֮У֪ĺѶڣܷһΪ֪ɸڣһ⡣
ҲΪˣЩϵʶᣬĿ֮УĪļֵ
⻹ûзеݣǷˣ֪мԶɵĵãԶ䣬ɵطǾ͸ǼֵǵıˣǵܹЩ
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⼸ĵϣԼԼȱȫҵӿ䣬漸Ũ
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˵ʿżȳ˵ûԩˣ
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ȫͬ˶ܵ˷ϢǰۡǱһΪǿķ󱣻ġ
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ټ˸űķ֮ϣһΪҫ۵Ĵڣͷ·߸ϵĵգһС


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256 ɽ棨£

˾Ⱥͻ֮ʱڰ࣬ȴǳ𾪣Ҳû뵽ȻؼʱԮ
ңԼԮ
ʦܣʲô࿴
ҪˮЦ
΢΢ص˵ͷҲֿ֪ʼپѾ¶ˣ֪˸棬ȴһֱܲˣҲǸ֮Ψһصݣɸ֮ǰͨ۷Ķʿɸ֮ںɷѾΪʿҷϢȻͬ˵̥ǡ
Ҫ˵ˣһʱգϦദԼҲš
ʦܣ֪˭Խƾͼơ˼ص
òڵңûʶǴ¿Цһ΢ݿʼŤ仯תۼͱһ˵ģ
ͬʱϵ·ҲŸı䣬ŵĵӷ±һϮɫۣƽ档
ʩչ̥εͨһ˭ҲʶĻϵȻƾֳΡ
а֣ŲƷƾճֵڸֲɵ𾪣ӹ˿˿ɵ
ˣֵ̫ˡ
ʲôˣʿʵ
ϸܵ˴ɷȻ΢Ʒ֮ߣԺһЩ츳ᲢۣټķʽʵھˣȻڶƤƾճ֣ڴ֮ǰ˭û뵽ﾹȻܲˡ
ʿ̾ܶ϶һ֣ѷɫ̫ࡣ
ɽ棬ҲʲôС޶Ҳʶҡ¸µЦһŵͳɤ˵
ɽ棿ԣãȻ˭Ҳû˵ôһ
ǵı֣ɵаЦɽ桱ţ׫ģ˵ǲŽм
λɽѡʿɫȻرһ£˼֮ɫϣƺѳζǣԼ֪ĳȴʼû𣬡Уͼ̱أѵҲҪһ񣿡
˵ˣҲҪһ񣬶׼һԸЦ
ţԣϾǲ졣
ղ󺰣ǻΪ⡰ɽ桱İ֣ȴû뵽һת۾ͳΪ˵ˣȻҪһԸ
ʿһ£漴ЦһȻթǣǻ׵һ
νõʧʳҲˣ
ɽ壬ʵҵȿģˣλɽѲİ֣ǺһͬԸġ
ڶһϼƣ̾ͱ̬ȣӪ
¶΢ЦվһԣЩ˵ıݣҲ֪Щ˿Լʵϣн䱸ԼͻȻ־㲻Ϊ˾Ҳ챦Ҫˮ㣬ǲһ·ˡ
ǵ̬ȣҪľôһֻҪʧܣһж˵
ɺޣۼٱ䣬ҲɵЩܻݺݵضס·Ҫ
һΣλ᲻֪ɽ桱ǸղԼ֣Լ¶ٵˣԼǱɸңˡ
һεɸ֮У˵ǾҲΪ
ɽѣҪˣҶ˹ͬǱڸȡرȻ԰ƽ֣пɶͬģΪԹ۾ı䣬治һֶԸǣ
Ȼ޲⣬ʹѪվϼһ˿Цݣָ˵Щ˿ɶ̰֮ѵǱƣ
һֶаԽޡ
ô᲻֪䣬Ҫƾճֵġɽ桱
⡰ɽ桱Ϣı˵ǺһǱڸͬ飬ֻΪ߲ȶַһ˵ƣɽ桱пܻٺ֡
ģȻҲ֪û⣬ǿ̵֡
΢΢һ漴˼ҲҪλɽϣûԶŷ
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һģ
ڸ졣
µ÷̼ҪڸԶŷϢӵԶԶǵʵУǰڸǣҪ龳ϵʵӵ̵ֽ͵ѵǾãλɽ龳֣
ֻ龳ֲܿٶ죬ǬѷԼٵĶ֮С
ĽͣɵðԵͷ
˭ҲԸţɽ桱ӵ龳ʵӵ龳ʵĻҲûбҪصôվɨˣзΪС
ԭˣĹƣ
ڳ׷ġ
ãǱҵģ˵ͷҪƣҾͰзٻ٣˭ҲõٴαƣڳģȻȵ
˵ͬʱǬȡԶŷȫǰһɺ澲ȼգʱпܰЩٵ
ʯٵļơ
ҪձհɣǱ㲻㡣ʿЦ
Ҳ֪ĺҵޱ棬ԶŷҲܷٻ٣ô׾ܻٵģֻҪܰᵽ֣һֵá
͵һ֣ʮѵȵòͷʿӵϣٴζ͹һĻΪɽ桱ҲƤ̾˶ڵĺô
Ȼţӵڳ˵ȴվǰӹߣĸԲô°ӵʿѣ㽫Ȼͬ
پ˻ģ
ķڣΧʱڷһߵŭ
ƺҲƵĲ͵ؾۼȫԪȻ󱬷
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һ޴ĺɫӰ𣬻Ϊɵľˣ·߸ϵ
Ǳҵģеˣͬھɣŭ
ãҪƴˣǴɵľԪ󷨣ȫѪ裬תΪЩľͻᾫѪ˥ܣľһҪס
ڸУʶ֮ˣܵϴľƣ̾ͱϳĹ
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Щ棬ȫǴĺҵЩʧȥѪ֮һ˿ҽҲûʣ£·ƾʧ
ת֮󣬶ŲƷȺʮȥߣֻʣļˡ


257 ڵ
ҲǱ֮ЩԱȥеķϵĲ
ȻԲϾ磬Ѫľ괺ѪΪԪһҲǴԪҪʮС
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أȥˣʱʧ
һƴһƣȻû٣뵽ɵýĿͶӵˣȴ֣һ汻ȥص̷
֪ʱȱһǣҲʾرټˡ
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ʲôɽɵģ
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ס죬쵽ҿӵȥˣŲƷ󣬲ȥġԣһǻصɸȥˣµķʣʿƽǴأҺǵȥѣ
ƽüһǳϲȴǵ˵ͷӦ
ʿɸ׷ȥһΣȫ֣Ѿ֪ǰͽʿ޻֮
ʦ֣Ʒʵ̫ˣҪҪ˿Զȥĺʿˣصʵ
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ǵҲǣַ󲻱Сɷ󣬿һ£漴Ȼ
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Щ˹Ķǣжǵʱ˭Ҳû뵽һϲ죬²ŵأһƬ޾ա
⴦պղŽĲر֮ؽȻͬƺ̺һɣϢ
һŵķӵϢ
˴󵨣Ұս֮Уɫأȵ
Ͼŵӣʶ㣬Ͼ֪ԼĴ
ڸղţþȫԪҪͬھʱͻȻһ˫ξִӿ֣ǰľ
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ڻɸѰϸڣɵðľֱڣŷԼһƺһı֮С
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Ī⣬ֶβʵڲǿ׶ԸпܵĻҲƴಫԲԹԵذѱｻֻòϧۣȫɱ
ڵþֶΣʱ̣ղŻ֮У͵Ϯ֣̣Ҳ±˷֡
һѳ죬ڿժȡʤʵˡ
Ļɫ΢䣬ǰδе
ʮֵ׷ɱΧû˵ı֣Ǵ˿̣ȴ֪ԼѾ֮ʡ
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Ҳû뵽ɽ汳󣬾Ȼ
ȫŪͿˡ
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⵹Ҳ԰ʵȷˡ
Ȼ洫ӵееţҲϲ磬˵ʤЩ龳ϣϳ˸֣Ǹš
Գ֣ûĵֵһ߷Ѳˣȴš
ԼڵķûзڣĺҵԷپѰ޷ֵ
ܲԿ֪ˡԾһЦ𣡡
䣬һӣ⣬ͨٻȻ¡
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ǰ磬ʱǧ߳⣬Щ໥趯ƣѾеһж飬ҲһƬ׹֮С
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ͷȴһ˿ûзͱȫ飬һƲл궼ûʣ£Ȼɡ
ڡֵ˲䣬ݺݴ߶춦޸ɵķתͣذѪɣת֮㱻ը÷ǣȫɢڶеġ֮С
һʼһˣŴΪԼʵޣ̫࣬ٵȵԪֹƻ⣬͵
Ѿûκܹɱˣٻ龳ֵӰҲܵأȴû뵽ٻĲ龳ֵӰǶӰ
һ˲̵֣ӦӦ
һµǬȻըټԶŷöƵ¯ԼΪٵż
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ǰʧѪ⻯ޣ˶÷ǣҲɵôӹӿһƣ롣
Ϊ˻ɱˣ̫ã˷ʱ֣ģֻһΣͳ׽е鷳ȫرҲ֡
ڵˡ̾
ʦܡ࿴һĻҲȣԳ֡
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ҲûлɣΪͲ˽ʵҲ֪жɱﵣѶ鵱Ѿ޴֪ࡣ
Σûн滹غ뷨뿪˵أԶǷ֮ءһӣбڰ֮Уתˡ
Ȼ֪æ˵ͷʩΪ
߶춦ζȻŲƷķȥ
ʱŲƷѾƽռ޷ѾеڳרĶԸЩˣ֮£ѲĶ֣ϴ˶õرߣؽ
ֻһǣȫԷſֽȥκ顣
ܿ죬ȻǸɽ桱ݣһһطʿȥ
Сģˣ
ͫһĸӦȫжֵɲǼ䣬ʮɽ£·ը˻

зһаĹЦħʮ㣬ȫƽʱòͬ
ǿķɨҵ𵴣ܰʿƷǰҲԳܣȴûӲƴ֮󣬴Ц֮䣬ͻȻһУһӰͷ£ǰʿ˽ȥ
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мΪķҪսȥˣ
ƽоâһ۱㿴ɽ桱÷ˣ뷨ڲĿռ֮С
Ȼδ䣬Ӱһƾʧɽ桱ӰҲʧ
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ǸûˣҲûлˣߣ뿪˵أɽõϢɢȥƽҡҡͷɳƵԽͳ
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ԭˣԣɵõһ
⡭ƽǴܣˣԱҲǵĶԻɵ
ǻԼЩʣΪ֪ûгɹɱɽˣɸ֮УȫʧܣĹһˣǱĿޣܵõкοգ
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ʦ֣ȻҲѵ˼ԶŷЩ඼ǿҪ˥ߵĴڣȥԺҪĻ޸»ô뿪ǲ̫ˣƽߣʿѹ˵ƺҲЩ¶ΪȻһġ
ٿҲɥѰûջ񣬻´ΣܵشҪָԪˡƽĻ֪ΪΣȻɫһضˣ߰ɡ
˵꣬ŲƷȥȻһת
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ѣǶˣǻɽٴγ֣Ǻãһ֣ɫЩѿߵˡ
ʵҲһ֣Կɬصûа취Ҫõ͵ٵȥȵƷڸ˵ɣǵغ⴦ͨʧ
˵ţһۣǰ¾ģƽ˵Ҳˣ˵뿪϶ҪݺݳΡ
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춦ӵ㹦ãгˣҲδܹ֡
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뿪ɸ˵뺣ˣǸ˼֮ˣûֳǼ춦Ǳ״̬ȵȥ
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û֪ǣһǰǰﲼ˻ħ״󣬰ԭļƻɸ֮ʿ˴ƾԽɱڣûóȴΪʱ֮
߶춦ãֺһȻ͵Ϯ֣Ҳ˲Ԫ
ٻ飬һαԭʼԪĴ˼Ĵۡ
ʱʵҲѾӽޣڵﰲȫڣȲͣ£ʼԪϢ
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һ̸оһĿİâԼָоİϴ̽ûƶʿ׷ɱ
Ȼ˴̧̣ͷ˿Ȼ֣һ״ķգƽҲ̤ߴЦţԼ
Щ˵ɫ֮У䣬źεϷʣ·ڿһֻèϷˣ
ɽ棬û뵽ɣϷͱǿˣ뿪󣬾ҪųЦһɫ֮У졣
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Ŷ𣿡ϵǣ׷֮Ȼ¶һ˿죬ȴŲæУ·мƵĲԼˡ
ҵȷû뵽ӵ̣ȴ̲һֱصżǵȷһ̾ԣ
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Ļƽˣͫ΢üͷ¶һ˿֮ɫȻЩ΢΢ĳԾ
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ЦһҲ⣬Ӱһ£һûд߶춦ԶݣǾ͵һȦħ״ȥ
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ֱڣΪڡɽ桱ķ֮Уȫָȴսʱ
֪ˣصص˵ͷ
Ȼ׷Ƭ֮ƽ˿ʼоԡ
ȻһƬдеĻ־Ũ·֣һȻȴһĪԺʼջ֮ȥͬʱ̵ĹâҲʼûʼܴתĿĵܣʱʱƮ
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۽һٸҲ֣οЩŵӵȷ࣬ҲĿá
ʱıԹһʱ֮ӿ𣬲Ըɱѡ
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Ҳ֪⣬ҵȷûжٷԸˣǷ̣սЦһ£ҡҡͷ
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ֻһͷǾҸطú÷ּرջ񣬰ܹõĶã춦Ʒʣͬʱ޸
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Ӵ֮˱һ壬ӵرĺô츳Ҳ֮á
뵽˼Ҳɿʼ˵ñҪ춦Ҳٳ
վڣû飬Ǽɶݡ
һΣһһҹֱƣһ˿ͣ£˵ѾзľǿУûа취ֱֻӼɱﵡ
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ʦܣǲҪϻ壬ر׸ʦ㣿ʵ
뷨ΪۿٳӰֱɱ֪ʦĹϵѾﵽһǳܵĵزѪף߷ǳҪļ̳ˣܴط
طٻӰǰһУҲΪʦ֪࿴ǰȣһжġ
аţʦͲҪˡص˵ͷЩÿɷζ漴٣¥ĺ˴춦з˳
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ڶдãȻû˲ɱȴҲ۲ʱܹúõ͸һ
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ǡûκ壬ϱհȥˡ
ݵϸòңͬλtҲ΢ģƽȼŵӵǬȡ˳ÿȡһһ

񣬵ҩԼʽĽʽϴ·˳ѻڵϡ
ʦܣǡһؿ˿
ҪЩˡ˵
Щȫ𣿡һ̲סΪĴ󷽸еȡ
һ۾Ϳѻɽ񣬵ҩȻûʲôµرȴҲǼʿıҲֵʮ
ʦ㣬֪˵ʲôȻֻǺʦȴ׷ҵſͣҲİɣǲΪûؾͿǵġ΢΢һЦ٩٩̸Եü
ȻЩƱ󣬲һʱ嶯뷨Ǿ˼ǡ
ô˵Ҳ޻˵ϾЩһ֣֮Ҳûаʲôæ
֮ƽ˵Ĳ̵зֳʣУȫװ춦УԴ֮á
ЩʣµĲǵҩеǣҲصľ硣
ǳ˵õЩ»¯ֻıϢ޷ʹãΪЩŵӵķ׾ͱ׷ͷһж˵鷳ȱ÷ȱٵƣȫͶ춦У÷飬ʼо
ͽ׷취ҲϤ
Ƕ̵֮ظѲԶt˻
ʦ֡ԼٹѾԼµҪʲôɵ¶顣
ЩǴ͸ǵģúܺãҺ⡣Լ˵
ˣӸλȻҲԴˣ˵ٶûҲģλ߲ɵϣֻеõʵʵڵĺôŻЧǣŵĺôС
һ񣡡
Ȼϣ٣¥ĺˣԼõʹһ֮ޣɵôһ¶˿˿ϲ⣬ͬʱҲЩš
ôǸǵ𣿡
ǲػɣȻǼ主УҲزūЩҪȥģУҲֻһʯͷѡ˻֣˵
Ȼ˵ɣȴ֪һ񣬷ͬСɣѾ˵ǼˣŶۣ⼸һƶӱĻҲ˵ǲһ죬ŹŸֻܻһҡ
죬еĲƸǲǧöԶԶڸǵʹͣɴҲ֪Ĵ֮ˣķԣǿտŵ
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ķûаų⣬ҲͬõһöȻļһöгɣҲɷϣһĺƣǣĻӷˣ˵ÿһϺõ취ǵͽ
ٲãһöҲ൱ʮöԪҵңԹһö޳ɰٵӵа˰еһʺƣҲ޷ԡ
ȷԶʤһӵܣˣէ˺ƣһ˵Ҫ¶ˣ಻Ҫ鷳
ö֮˹Ȼϲ̵ظȥˣǵ۽ͣں쾳磬ʺѾǵθڡ
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΢΢ض˶٣ֽ˵ԶŷҲˣõԺ󣬲̲ٿ磬Ҫ
ԭˣõԶŷҪ˰Ūɵõ˵ͷ֪˵ãõЩرҪһЩ·
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֪ԶʱڵرǸɵʢʱҲǲɶõıȴû뵽Ȼ˹ء
Ŀ԰ʿԻǵĻҲѹڶʿҪԴˣЩ龳ϣʿӿ
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ǳ򵥣δ֮ʱֻƾ̥ǣӵн츳龳ȴƾӵиõɵĿܣ˵ΪԽߵʿԽԽǰˣԽҪ
һΪ˵õЩ춥ǿｫ᲻ϧۣȡǿᣬ伫ͽʿҲڰ׳ȥȡԼĸֲ򣬽᲻ϡ
ͨеɫҲɵЩҲȰԼϽУȰɷǳأϸƷζҲԲ
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ԭ¯ĴԪ¯ûʧһӶϵģϳ֡
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֪¯ܹƵĵҩʲôڳ׷ģպá
żټԶŷȡ㣬֣Ĺżһǧٶᣬ漰ţԶ磬ְ֪ʶܹȫͨ˶ԳΪԶżΪ˽ĲѧٴѰɸܹӵеҲһʿҪ
ЩҪʱͨģҲûмŷЩżԶŷ
ˣЩԶŷƺ̺ŲõĵƣܲܰͶ춦ȫ޲춦
Щ෱࣬Ŀ޴üʼ㣬Ժ֮
ƺԶŷжӣֻ춦Զŷӵ뵱ͬԡ
Ҳд⣬ȫʵ̫˷ˣвٵļƷҰǼ˵˼һ£ԺлӦ
춦Ȼ֮أܷŹκһ޸ĻᣬҲǲɶõıȻԶŷϢ˥ԶԶ޷ȫʢʱᲢۣһƷȫҲпָò
ʦܣô෨ҿɲʱЩĶʵ
رǰҲ˲ˣټճϦദҲ˽Ϊˣֱ֪ܾӿڡ
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лʦܣҾҪˡԣڷһƷ಻ĵ
ȻǵȴϢ˥ͭ죬΢ķ֤Ƿ֮⣬κ֮ˣһͭ״ľηԴʱƷʶۣһطҲò˶١
ôôѡˣЩȡ
ѡԶŵģ㲻ҪЩǵʵϣͨûʲôͬûлָò֮ǰ˭ҲԭĹãҾѡˡˣʦܣвټðα֮һЩƭͽʿģҲԶŷԡ͵͵Цһ͵
͵ͬʱ͸¶һЩеľ顣
ԭԶŵǼΪ˥ķشòȱȫķû޸֮ǰͨò˶٣ֵҲǳޣķ޸ףЩ޲½Ϊ޸ĳɱȫµͣõʿؽ׬׬зϣרŵͼչԶŵøֶθԭȻٷȥģνĶı
ҲһֶıķǰѸոմɸҵĵڳԲͬ۸񣬲ʿĴңпܰ޸ȫȻջֶıҲܻӭЩν֮Увǽ˷ðƷ򵽣ֻϵù
ԭˡʱȻ
ѡҪļðαӣҲûбҪϸѡˡ
ңԶŵû޸֮ǰͨ죬ֵҲǳޣȫԿͨ³˷޸Ҫɱģʱ޸һԶŷҪʿһѪʵû˼
ֻѡһҲ֪̰õĵӵͨӵһƷ
ôҲֻҪѡһˡ룬Լӵ춦Ҳӵһˣ춦Ǻ¶ݵķ˶Ҳ಻֮һڷɽˡ
֮һ޻ĳҲϸбֱУջ춦УȻȴר
ڶ죬붨۾գĿ͸ַ϶Ӹ߿Ѿǽӽʱˡ
߰ɡǣ޸춦ҲͲڻɽҰͣк뿪ԭء
ʦܣȥģ࿴ת˷գȴķȥɵøȥЩֵʵ
֮ѾȻǷɽҪһϢȻǱҲԱܿһЩҪΣա
Ҽǵɽ֮ǰӦǣն񣬾Ͱǽ죡ǵõ˲ճɣҲʱöŵˡĻתͷش
ôŵԣЩΪȻʵ
Ѱ̻֮ȥμӣֻҪ򵽡ش
ʦ֣⡭ЩԾû뵽ʹ͸һö񣬾Ȼ룬Ҫæ֮
һûаʲôæô˼Щص
˵ŵӶһЩƤˣôͷȳ˵Ȼ۵ı֣ȴԵЩ˵Դǣʵ̫ˣǲ˼ܵĵز
ĺҲɵöһۣͬܡ
ȻѾԲӵнĻᣬҲǳͲģˣǿ˵ĸм
ʦ֣ʵûʦҲһָ


260 
ʲô˼ģ˵Ļͻ֣ҪȻԺʲôźǣ˰֣ص
»ȻͬʱҲмޱȣȴ֪˾һ
ǰ磬Ѱ֮Ȼǲ̫ص塣
ҳɾϴν꣬ɾѾԶԶԽͨţǱС㷢־鷳ˣÿԳᵽεôҲҪϵ޳ɵڶ˵
٣¥ҲǶĹˣշģԱܣʿİ֣ǵʵԽǿֻԽȵһ죬г˶壬Ҳɽ𵤣ŵͲСˣС㿹⣬Ҳδɡ
㣬зǳʵض壬ʱпܳɾ龳ԼҲأӵġزԺ⡣
Ȼ⣬˵ԺġʿֻСȫֵһᣬʼҲһ٣ܹԼӵһ˿Ȩ
ΪԼֻƾһݣӵеλҪӵеλӵʵС
ӵʵĹؼ޸춦ǰƣֻҪ޸춦ָֹãһѶӭж⡣
һշãڣ֮֮ңǳ֮С
һֵ׳ǳأǲʿƼ֮ء
վŲæشӻȡһ̷һס
̷ȻǴƽϽɻ̣ʱطѾá
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ʦ֣ʦ㣬ݹ٣кιɣ
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㣬п֮Ϣһۣ⣬һȥͬʱʳԼ⡣
ŵӽסƾöʯЦ۶ֻ۷첻ͫλʦϢ֮ͨ٤̻ͻ˳ǣһǼīѵһʢ°Ҫ֪٤̻ᣬප綼պġ
Ŷ٤̻𣿡ԣɵһ
٤һʳԷ䣬Ϊɮ٤Ħɮ԰ͥ׳ԺҲ֪٤ûйϵ
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Ȼˣ٤̻ᱳԣɵһҲ֪ǰŵӣֻǺʦ»ûʸ˽̻Ļ࣬Ҳûпʲôֻ΢΢ص˵ͷ
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ҲǮƿ·ãŵӴȻȥ죬ԼȨƣڳҵջͶޣǰһ٤̻嵥嵥ͬ꾡׼ȷ֮һĿȻ
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ջУ˿嵥٤̻ȻǴ̻ᣬϡȱ֮¶ģҪõġ
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ѹֵʱ붦Уû˿ţԭ츳зסһԽоԼսپȷǸ֮١
ֱٳ飬ǿĨɱһ͵ˣǿֶΣҲʩչ
ڸô죿춦ΣܴҲã콫ãʾͲˡ˵֮У͸¶һ˿ǡ
뿴û̻ش𣬶ǳ˼
ҪҵܵģĿ˺ҵ֪֮һּѵõһ㣬㶮òٿش˻ʿ˵ǰ޹ˣߣҲΪ֮жһ龳ʿҪѵá
֪ܹõ츳ͬزٿغҵ𣬶Խİж
컯ǳ֮Уûܹշ˻İ취ԶŴܵĽ֮ǲʵʣֻǷһ˿ͷΪһ࣬迼ǡ
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츳֮ʵڲǳ˿ɱȡ
ˣܲٿ
ͻȻ֮䣬һһ뷨޷Ƶӿͷ
ںԪķļ䡭ȫ̳ͨͨУɻֻ᲻ҵˣӶ˳
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һţǶˣҰһӶᣬ츳Ҳ⣡ֻҪɹұ㽫ĽΪ츳ҲܹУ
͵һҧ뵽˴̱


261 
˵ľ춦Уһֱã¶֮󣬺ܿϤ붦֮С
ʱ춦ѾŨ·һ뵵ɾͬʱԼٸɫгǳ
ЩǱʶƬԽߵʿµʶƬҲԽ࣬ʱҲѾ֪ںϱʶȻܹ䣬ΪãѰؼҲ׶ˡ
ʶһپں˼䣬ʧȥңˣ䣬ʧȥģпܷ顣
ڣΪ˵õ츳Ҳ˲ˡ
ʶ
˫۽գ֮䣬ʶʼģ֮УϡиԼ·Ѿҵļ䲻ϸ֡
ͬʱҲڽľմȾһ˿ѪϢ
룬ҵܱٿأضʶ߾йأһȫӵԣǿɿ
ͺһĸֵͬܣѪͬϢڻҲֲĸˡ
ҲֻĲ²⣬ǷЧö֪ԴʱҲһ˿޷ɹҲ֪νˣֻʹ춦
Ҳ֪ȥá
Ȼ΢¶һ˿ֵϢⷿУ̾ܲϢ
ѾȥеϢҲʧ֮䣬ȴؼ̳йںϽԼѪ֮С
Ϣֵ˲䣬޶ȼɺ棬ŵֵǣɻƺû˿Ӱ죬ͷҲûбȼ·ֻλӰʵĴڡ
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ԭֻǲ²⣬Ҳûеףȴû뵽춦Զ񣬾Ȼİ츳
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Ѫ̳츳طҲû˵ȴ𾪣Ϊʶ㣬֪ҪЩжôѡ
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ҵȻ֪츳ʹˣضųϵİͽҪ˵ʦ𻤶̣ҲҪȻŭ׷Źɱˣ츳ûɷŹԺС£ǰ¶Ļ˰˵
ĺ᲻֪ͺ춦һҪصܣʭӶ˲鷳
Ҳȫ޸춦춦ΪڶֻҪɹϢ䣬ҵҲ붦дأ֪
һͲǰ¶ҵ𣬲ӵкҵ𣬺ôֻӵϬޱȵɱﵣﵽ°빦Ч
Ҳá
ôʦ㣬ȲҪˣԺʱ죬һģҲұܣҪ֪
ãһ㱣ܵġǴˣȻ˼˵ͷ
Ѫ⣬ҵ𣬽ȫ޸춦ˡ뿪֮һȣ·ѾĿԼԽԽ
ֹ죬٤ٰ̻ӵˣһƻֺ¥󣬵ȴʼ
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Ǿͷĺˣʦ˵ҪʹǽĻԵͻнĻԵҪʧŵݡ࿴ЩѰӣɵ΢΢һЦ
ʵǿҲʱֲԼˣӵ㣬Ҳ֧ΪѰ֮ԭ
Ҳ˵ԣֻҪܹ죬ضأһҲҵķ
ʦѵǣˡȻԹԵǿ԰סŵ顣
ʿֺϵĻǲܲġ
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ʯŵӿѾһʾ޴Ƹ˲ɷ׷ײĿԲ²ЩǺҲȻ˸С
Ҳû˸ͣʿм䣬Ҳ㹻ĲЩֱţһë
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һʱ֮ڴѾõ֮ڳ֣˷׷׳ۡ
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вɫ԰ףԭأؿǸվܵĽꡣ
ʿʿ
૵ӹһ˿ʡ
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ԭԭӴݹ٣
ʱ춯һģӼæӺ̨˳ǽ깰Ҿæظ
ԭӣԭӣģӵĳƺɵõ
ԭʲôϵͺȻѹ֣ڹϯڣҲ׾ˣɵ΢΢üЩɻʵ
Ȼ֪֮ԭͻȻ֣ھȫٻЩ⡣
Ҳ֪ĶдСɽŵӺ洫Ϊ٣ҲһСʿ˿˵
ĸ֣Щ˽⣬֪ʦţλԭȴû˵Ҳʲôܳ
ʱҲϷǿᣬֻʮ£ͨϢûС
ǡһۣڣҳǧ񡣡
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ľΪȻǴӺδ·ͻȻڶߵģһ־֤֮Ҳʿɲء
λҲҪЩ񣬿ɷһ𣿡ԭ˵
һͲˣֻ·˵أ֮ѣҪֻչغҾۡϯУû飬ֻǵ˵
ɲ׽顣
ѺγԣྺۣҲ٤̻ѣЩ֮תңмãҿļǮתһס
ԭҲԷϸ̸֮⣬֪ԻؾͿΪΪɵԥһ£ٴη
Ϊ˵õЩ֮ϧŵͼתһףѾǼòˡ
תһ׾ͲˣҪе֮һݶСûеԭ˵꣬ӲشĻ
һǾ仰ǧȫ֮
ѣ治һԭԣɵüͷ
ĻУޱǿӲ֮⣬Լһ˿߽ʿϣкȻԴݺʵ
ǺεȾʿʲôݵŻǿӲ
̻˶Իɵͷ綷þ̳Ҳûмʿλ᲻֪ھʿӲҪǿʤ֪Ǻá
˵ãЦվУλʦСһԣȻλʦٰ֮꣬ҽԺλϸ̸Σ
ʲô˼ҶѾǧȻҪϸ̸ʲô̸ģԣʱϲ
ԭȴһϲ¸ƴЦ˵ȥǶ
λϡ࣬ϣԼҶϡ
ȻҲˣȴܱóȻҪá
٤̻ǿأеĶӦؾϵԣһ
Ҳˣܲ׾ϣ԰һжƵϡǿ֮ȻҪ̸Ǿͺú̸һ̸ɡΣЩ֮ҶҪ˵ģЦһ֮У͸¶һ˿⡣
ۣ۸ߵã쾭֮£۲ˣ˶ߣҲֻϵù˵Ҫ뷨׬ȡȻȴԭӳ۲Լȴƫ̻ȻǲʿȴҲƻ˹ء
֮ˣʱҲɵһ˿ŭ뿴̻ʲôϷ


262 
ڴˣҲٺۣǵܳ֡Ȼ̻ܱ֮Цظͬʱһ
һûжʵԭӾʲôͷֵƻأ
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ԭ鶼ĹӣֲƫЦ
ʦԣɷˣʵǰԭӽؾѾʼͱ̻磬ҪѰ֮α̻ѾĻ޵ףҲ׼ԭӵģֻû뵽óƣȴʦˡ̻ܲһѺӲͷƤⳡ׵Ļ͸¶
Ŷԭд飿΢ȣ漴ɫһҲǲԣȻѾڶչΪλҪó
ǣǱֻĴʦϢŭ̻Ҿ
ˣʦܣҲ֮ˣαغѿࣿȼǵĶ˵ԭӣֻҪ֣һоͶð졣࿴̻һۣڴ΢Ȼ
˵ͷڲŶ̻á
ʱԭҲãɵ΢΢һ漴ȴĨɫ
Ϣʶȴǳé®½ӣ˸Ǻ쾳ķˣ˲ûзϡ
֮ԭЦ̻ܣͻȻɫһȻ¶ϲɫ˵λҼҶˡ
תͷȥһʮµŮһϮɴȹѾߴ磬վԺУŮһλȹӣݱɫɴڣڿ
ǰؿһۣŷ֣üĴһİɫ
ʥŮӹһ˿΢ȣվ
ӣȹӿƺҲЩ⣬ʱͣסŲĿϡ
ȻʥŮ٣̻ԭʥŮĲҵδ갡ɫָܿ糣Ц
ʦܣʶŮˣ࿴˿ʥŮ̲סʵ
ʥŮȻɴȴ¶ˣͬΪŮӵ̲סЩʧ񣬲ɵôĵӿһɷǳĸо
ԻƺʶӰԼɵ
ʦ㣬ԣǰʥŮΪɲ⣬ҲԶԶľ磬Ҳ²⣬ΪԲ֮¡ɫһش
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δꡭȷˡȻ֮ʱʥŮ·Ůһ㣬Ϊ촽ӣ
Աߵԭӣ࣬٣¥ĺֵˣȫڣ·İ·һ㣬ȫԡ
Ѿ֪ʥŮɲ⣬ӵкµΪҲûж֮УΪűǿ磬˵ˣǿڳԣ˸ϳţһ֮飬ԭȴЩŭˣʥŮüȥƺ˿ԼУɵصһԼ
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ܣ㣡ԭϼһĨѪ졣
٤̻ᣬʵ̫֣̫Ŀˣʿ̻˵ȻֱӾͱϣڴ֮ǰŮӾȻԼһۣ
Ϊ鶼֮ӣԭӺִܹ±ڵһվ
ɫ΢䣬ȴû
ȴԭ˫ĿŭݺݶסʥŮ̻ĶһôļӣԭӺȻʲôȴҲ֮һңʲô˼
ϹӣҲ̻ᶫƺоɣԼġ
Щ벻֪ͨԼݣҲӦø̻ᶫ֪Լ鶼ķΪλҪ׵
ǾͲ֪٤̻Ҫڼī㣬ɽŵӵ⣬õ鶼֧֣
ԭȥʼղ⡣
ԭӣԭӵĻʥŮ·ʱע⵽ѾľˣҪıֻ֮ƽʱҲδɣڱֻйݰ٣ҲҪЩֻ֮øˡ
Уԭһ̻ᶫȻҪԼ֮תøˣȻŭ
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䣬һʥŮȫӿá
ļƣ°ʥŮɴ̻ᶫǺȻСڳֵͬʱҲϵˣɼ˼ϸ壬ıç
󵨣ԭŭ֣ʥŮû˿ӦߵŮȴɫ䡣
߳һҲӿֳȵķһ׹߳ԭȥ
ʱʥŮȻ΢΢ü֣ƾһ¡
ɲ֮䣬˿ԭӺ״ԭʧŮ䷢İ׹⣬ղվλô͸һصضǽϡ
ȻһСķɽûǽڣֻ¶һؽŮĳٶȣʥŮûг֣ʱԭӵѾնڵˡ
תƣǶתƣ࿴ʥŮ֣ȴǴһ㾪
תƣʮ֮ͨһɽŲƾһץԽɽߣͨȴֻܶʩչӵѪֻ֮Ǻ췲ˣҲŲ
ⲻǬͨҲ߶춦У˵ͨͬ飬ǼΪѵģԭӣͨˣȻӦʱ䶼ûУ㱻˳ȥ̣ɵþڶһ
Ȼͬԣɲ⡣


263 ʥŮ֮
ʥŮŮûľȣֻ¶ɫ˫һգһգ·ѯʡ
ɶ˴ˣαض־ͶƣʥŮʾպ÷ɽ漴һۣصӼЦˡ
ɶﻤУʥŮֺαѵ⣿ԣָصҵǿˣԭɶѳɾؾǰȻûп
ɶղŵֶΣؾģϵķҲǺαؾӵзȻ˵Ӧ֡
ӣ㲻Ҳǽǰǳ㻹ֻͨʦȴѾɾ죬³ʿٹЩӣгҲһͻ˰ɣĻʥŮ۽Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ӯӯ˵
ǵҲǣ΢ҲЦϸ˼
ʥŮ˷ǰĶ죬ʲôҪ£ѹ̽ʵ
ʥŮٲƺڶ֮ߣҲ¹㼣ˣīǣѰȻǷǳ棬Ҳд̽һЩϢ
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ˡ֪ʥŮڴˣɰøղλԭӣҲܽʥŮΪˡ󷽷˵˶óڷڣãղҲȰ裬ĻðʥŮ˶棿
ǵ˱˻ԣαĿס
ĻǱ̿䣬ӦǡʥŮȻᱻԻ󣬲̲ص˵ڻ֮ܰλԭ𣿡
ȻǲܡƹؼҲΣʹصˣҳǧ֮һһǧļǮܲù̻Կ˰ɣУԭӲʥŮ԰ҵűҲʲôСϯŵӣӵܣ鶼ԭʶ࣬ӦòΪѹ̻ġ
˵Цˣīе٤̻ᣬֻǱ̻֮һѣֻһֺţĿȥҲ鷳ӵģǧ֮Ľ飬ѵõ𣿡ʥŮÿɷֻǵؽš
һתȴͻȻ˵ֻҪܰһСæЩ֮ͷ͸ˣ֪Σ
Ŷæʲôæ
Ȼǧڵ˵ѾʲôҲóϾҲһʾ޸Ҫڴ󷢺ƣȴǿɱ˶ᱦ°Ӷģֶ׬ǮԲ᳤ãпܽʮϰ궼ʣʱ򣬾Ҫɬˡ
޷ãȻҲ֪Լ˷׬ǮԵЩĶ
ʥŮȴû̻ش⣬ǿһۡ
٣¥ĺˣʱ㶼빰һĬȻ˳á
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Ҳһֱûˣԭ򣬲ҲûѰʥŮݵƣֻǶһ˴ܣ˶֪ǰλǰʥŮͬʱҲͨħŮ
ǴҳйָƣȻҲܵƣϵͬѰͨؼ˳ֲؼС£бʲô뷨ҲĬȻȥǲɵÿһۣ͸Щѯʡ
ʦܣôవм
ǷŮӣȻҲƽ޹ʵسԴףЩģŮӺ᲻
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ĴϻۺãǻûɫŮޣǴԸɴףȡ֣Įĵ뿪żӦеı֡
Ǻã㡣õʾ˵ͷת뿪
ˣʥŮڿ԰˵һ˵˰ɣҰʲôæȵ˶뿪֮ٴʵ
ǧȻ٣ҲеļǮҪټʮҲ𣬵ʥŮ֣µذʾ뿪ȴЩˡ
ܼ򵥣ɶӡʱ򣬰ʥŮڻڣ˵ĻȴЩϡ
һƣҲʲôΪѵ飬ֻǰŮӲ
ʲôɶңԣǵһôҲû뵽ʥŮóǧҲҪԼӦеȻ顣
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ʶؿһɶȴҲһ㵵ģȻʥŮûкȫǶרУʱ
ѵʥŮɶţȻһ飬Щص
ˣǾͲʲôСæǴæˣźͰȻѾӣ˴ҲҪСܱ֪ɶߣֱ¶洫Ҳܵ𷣣ҪԼŵӶǵˡ
ȻѾ޳Ҳ֪ԼŲɻȱľӢ¶˭ѱԼ
ǴšʥŮĻƺ΢΢һЦڶɣˣ˵ɽյ澰ɡɶӣȻ̫ݣҲá
һԵɶɵĹģ¶ϲ飬ʥŮǰҲû˵ʲôֻĹĵؿԲɡ
ʵִ̫ˣʥŮ˼ӣʱףɶϸԼȴʥŮϣҷֻðԼϣ˵ãæƴǡ
˼ˣⲢѪ뷨ǡʥŮ
ô˵Ҫһھܾ֮ǰ˼ʼոоס
ʥŮɶߣȻҪǱţҵҪҪӦ
ɶǰʥŮߵˣֲؾϵΪȻҲ޷͸ҲǸʮֿɿѡٿɿվҲǸͽһ¶ؽǣԼ
ǱҲ˵˵ô򵥣һӦؽ½ӦӲϾ
ھܾվʥŮԼܾ̫ɴ࣬пһɢ


264 ٵ
뵽ԭЩԥ˼Ҳܿ˾ϣڵðɣʥŮԣæҰˣ
ϵôһ졣
ӹȻ˿ʥŮصɶһۣɶӣ
ɶӡɶ죬鲻Ը˵
ãӣڱʽɶи㣬ΪúƴɶʥŮ·ûпɶĲ⣬˵
æҿԴӦǣҲһʥŮӦǾˡ޷ˡ
ӣʲôʥŮӹһ˿ɫʵ
ʥŮƺ뽫ɶţ鲻һ˿ģڻͨӣ΢֮ʱΪɶǰˣɶڴ֮ǰжŬһ˵ҲҪѳңţӴ˼ˣʥŮ㿴ǲǴҼشֻͨߣҽأӹһ˿Ц⣬˵
ȻϣԼʥŮʱһ£漴Ĭ
ӣ̫ˣ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡ɶȴǺݺݵضһҧгݵģ
ؾͺһ㣬Ϊˣؾ磬һȫµأ˵ؾѣôؾ֮󣬾һ·̹;һͨٵ̾磬Ȼˮһ˳
Щ֮䣬ֻЩ۶ѣеʸ߾ܻܿɣеƽӹҪɻۣҲΪˣʿУ޷صģ֮ʱֻʮһЩ½ʿ磬ʵС޷ᲢۣҲͬ磬Ʒ½ʿȻͬ
ؿʼʿʼµĲΣ֮䣬ԵжۣǵҪȷǱԲؾ֮䣬ȫ֮
ѾأҪʥŮأأһ硣
ͨҲͨش֣֮ͨĹ߽ͨɷֻͨͨҪǮͿ򵽣߳ΪӢӣҲܻͣشͨȴǸɵرĲ֮أһЩҲѵһҪ˵ˡ
˵ȫʨӿڣһ̰
˵ЦˡãʥŮڴգ˵ҿɶӹӲǲж﹫ӽأȴǳ֮£ֵͨȼĹҲǱ̲֮أʵڲ⴫
ԭˣˡɫ˵
Ҳ֪ҪչɶΪѣӴԷģɶºзִ磬ˣʥŮٳŵ
һּۻ֮󣬰ʥŮ̬ȹȻ䵭࣬ɶҧ飬һĵģ֮󣬰ʥŮܹȡĵ֮Ȼ뿪á
ߵЩæ̰ʧһҲͣ
ʦܣλɶɶɵЩԾ
ʥŮҪһ𷵻ţӴ֮ҡ򵥵ذѽ
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ʦܣҲܴô£ǰʥŮ֮򽻵ǧҪԽԽһæȰ½죬Ҳ֪ʲôĹȥҴС鲻ҲԲµóǴίߣıȡɣ
Ҳʹ󷽷سϡ
вħһ·ǰ̾٣ʦǧҪǵ·޵ص
һ֪ΪԼ룬Щж֣سŵãҼסˡ
еǣһ仰ܴģҲ֪ʱȰôҲֻסеĲҪ˵Ļ̻ض
ؿɶǰɵ˼㡣
֣֮һгҲݸ䣬ûľ磬Ҳû̷壬Ǽڷ
չȥڸо춦еƺ仯
⻹Ƕ˶еջһԶŷ֮УѾټӽЩԶŷǵرȻѾȫʧǱƻʣ࣬Ҳ
ʱ춦Уӿ쳣ۻϢԿԸо춦ЩԶŷĵƣѾǿ࣬ͺһʿʳԪȻչǱޣ̿ʹ÷
ԭĸԽǱɸıԽԡ
ǰ춦ֻһͨãֻΪã޸ٵʮѾԽǿˣɸ֮УҲױ㽫ƽС
˿̣һ仯ԣΪоеͨƺӵһ쳣µ
ٵ޸һٵͨ󣡡
һգͻȻٻæǱ붦в鿴ͱ֮춦еͨ޸˰֮ࡣ
ʮھǧƣһÿʮǧٵƣ
һܹһǧپʮɣÿһƣǲ𶫲ȻΪǱڴ롣
Ӵ֮󣬲һµĽ׶Ρ
񣬲ɵһ󼤶
ЩƶǶƴղȫģ춦Ѿôԭֻ΢Ҳƻøˣãһڻȫ޸ˣǿԪֻشѪһԭƽ޲Ҳڴһ˿˷ܵĸ飬ȲĹá
ϴ˵춦ԭþԪ޸һЩؼУΪϣͿʹܴʱҿѪȫ춦Ϊһ壬ٳɵڶڣΪؼһѾˣô˶ղ壬Ϊһ죬æ׷
ܼ򵥣Ҽıȫű춦ڣҲҵǣ֮һ壬ҲԽ˻ն׺ϵҲܴ˶ƣ˵
ԭͼƻҪ飬ʱԵɣҲ֪Ĵ㡣
ô죿Ǽǵã춦һ壬֮ǡ
ҲҪ˵飬ҺͶն֮󣬽һƲл꣬Ҳʣ޼ͺһ㣬˰ڶԪлᣬٰͶ̥תΪ飡֣صص
ãһŵԣʵֵģԣ֣ص˵
漴㿪ʼٳ¼


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һμʱ׼ˮɣ˳˳ˣڼ䲢ûκε⡣
ʱ춦任һģдһ˿翣дһ˿أʵĶ壬ҲʼֳֹͭɫĲʹ⣬ŲɣĹžɽʸУУȻȻǸװͨԼӵеܣѾ˷츲صı仯
һĸоƣܵѪ׽ʱ춦·һǴϵµѪ⣬࣬һ֣
Ȼһ壡
ô£ҸоõҵѪУʶҲϡž֮󣬻Ȼһµ춦Դɻʵ
ΪѾǣնˡԺ֮ʱƺԶ֣ҲȥСѪޱȣӵĲлһ㣬΢ʶܡ
һ붦в鿴Ȼ֣ɵĶпռ䣬һĵİâȻһ˵ļȣͬʱһĴڸУҲڴϸ֣ǹȥӵйۺʱο̣춦ϵһܲɷֵģҲ
֪Բ飬Ȼ춦նˣɳòĹż֪ɵҪնתͶ̥ݴ֮У򣬾ĳ̶ȣҲҪܵڤڤ֮еƣעʿеķ
ҪΪնǱҪһѾľʱ޷Чˣڱʶߣ˻ָԪ
૵ӦţеİâҲ·𼴽Ϩ͵ƣȥֱϢ֮ȫûںڰ֮Уʧ
һַ֣ܿ鲢ûʧ춦Ľ䣬ǱԼѾɹ˶ʶǿٱҲԲ
ʱģֻ֪ǰǵΪ֣лһĴڣȻøֻҪָܹӵ޵Ŀܡ
֮ȣֵעķ춦ı仯оõѪȻһĸоǲٿô򵥡
ע⣡
Ȼ֮䣬һƽʱתţȫ
һԴ֮ͨ̤֮ͨ󣬾ѾˣʿĸҲͬʦתϢһļɣ޷ǾǰѪתֻѡ
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ȫע뵽춦еʱͻȻ֣춦еĿռ·죬зͱ˽ȥȫûκĸо
ΪȻûһ˿ĴڣϢ뷲죬ֻ˿սзľȫ;ƿݵĽ֮ˣ
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ʱ֮䣬棬ƣɢӵǿƣ±ԭ֡
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ʿð˰١˵ٵӵа˰УѾﵽͨʿĳɾ͡
ʱҲط֣ԼķȻɷҵԼͨЩԣֻҪһʱĻͬ
Ҳ˵춦Ѫ⾫ڶͣĸϢӵС
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⵱һջ񣬿֪Ǻúôñض̥ͨ۷
ͨ仯ðˣضмѰ춦һԣȴֱѪ⣬ȱ仯ҵ𶼿ƭҪʿˡ²⣬ϳ˵ĸ֣Ҳ޷Ѫ֮ķϢ졣
һ߳˼ţһ̤˷š
⼸գʵԪչڷа춦¼һͬʱҲϤ÷š
ߣһ֮Ҳ֪Ǽõ飬ȻԼѾĿģҲʱ÷ˡ
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ʦ֣֮Ѿ֣ԪҲѳأǲ׼ȥˣ
⣬þ߳ɵ۾һֲʧػʵ
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ÿÿ뵽һУУʼţԼᷢ˾޴ת䡣


266 żеĹϣ
ǾͺãȻûнʣǻ˾޴ĴۣҲǺϸˡصͷ
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ȷķθ֮ԣΪ죬˵Ҳѣ˵ҲѣһжͶĲƸ֮ԵõĻᣬȫΪ󷽣ϧԳǧ࣬ĲƸʿҲҪʹ
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267 żеĹ£
֪дݣԼֶгҲȱݺֲֻ֮׶ݣȻΪѣȴԳƵ׶ݿԽпռŲƣʲô¶ʩչƩ类뷨һ׶ݣ̱Ʃ磬ԡֵءͨɱһ׶ݣܹ֮ͬزز
ֻҪ׶֮˵ǵõ˱ϣǵʵ̫ǿֻ͵ϮپǱ˷Χ׷½أбɱһֶʵܱϷţҲƽ˵ѣ֮ǰдֶֻ춦Ҳסǣת۾ѡ
ʱΪԶԶûдﵽյĳ̶ȣ׶Ҳֻܸɵۡ
ЩżļУ֮ﲻ٣ڳ˼ƷֻһŶֵ־ͨˡ
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׶ȻǾ湦оҲǲ֮һģǱ洫ӣųϵȸ߲Ҳδʸ
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״ݣģҲͻͽܿ˲Ų֮Զ
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۷壬ᵤҲֻһˣûеõ淨ڣʼղҪ죬һζҲ޲Ψһİ취ǵȵأˡ
⴫ڣȻڻˣ⣬ҲֻѰԵ
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ҵԽٿ磬гԽͷȴΪ˹ż֮еͨոٿطš
ӣô춼鷿ﶼҪˣ˵ôҲҵתתһŵķ羰
۾УδȴѾԺ洫˽ȴǸһŵؽɶ
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ʦܣҸղſɶɽȥˣô߶
·ϣɶɽߣɵЩ衣
ɽġʣɴش
Щá޵ѵ˵ʦħʹ
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ô˵Ҳֻס⣬̸ˡ
Ҳ֪ȰǸˮĥ򣬿򼱲á


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̸һĵɶһеջͻȻһ֮䣬㽫Լ¼ġͨ¼Ǭȡ˳
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֪ǴһĹиųүү洫ӸףΪ£δػõС
֮ǰͨؼͨؼͶұ
ʲôͨ¼óĶͺһЩԾȻȱģʦܣǴõģ
ɸѳġ֮⣬һ׶֮׶֮ΪѣҲϲ֮ٸɡ
׶֮ȻҲ˵ͷٴγһʱ˼ϲ͸ж
飬޵֮˸飬ʲôҲȻﲻȴƽϡ
ڣЩ⾪ϲЩţګګʵֶ̫ˣǱţɵһĴɣҲֻ֣ȫǳʸĵģԸ⴫𣿡
ҲȲʦҵ⣬Ǳ֮ˣ˭ҺãȻЦţкسһ˿顣
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ڴŮ⣬ǼΪϧġ
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⣬кҵѪ⣬ȡΪˣٿҲǻȻɣܲ˿ǿڣѾܹٿذ棬˲Ϣ֮䣬ȫתΪҵ𣬷پһС
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٣¥ĺˣԵöҲҰĲһĳ죬ĺʤһԸԳ
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֪˭ԼһУȻǰݼлֵĸм
һִڽؾľ飬ȻǸԱչǱȥˡ֮Ժʴӻ޶ȵɾֻǳ硣
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ͨͨ³˽ı֮··ߵʵ̫죬Ҫ
ȫҲô˵ɣֻѧţ컯ߵЩͨƤëδա
ǲϾշοȴ˼ҪҪ춦еȡ
дõһ꣬пܳɾʵ
Ǵͷ
֣г㣬ڻʱ
ٹ˼죬춦Ԫ뵣ڶ׸ϿգһʮȭͷСİɫз裬ԣ·ʻ顣
ķһʱյļ춦Ϥ̶ȴӣѾﵽָʹĳ̶ȣԪٶȻҲǼӣŽྫԪеľȻҲԽԽࡣ
ЩеĻΪԭʼԪΪڶףе򱻵תΪķ
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һزѸоԼȫʶˣÿһ˷ȫ˹ĵȲֹһ˿һڴݲԼܾ޴󸺵
ˣʶͷҲǲظȫ˷֮£ȻѾʼֳּء
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һܵסĵˣȻޱߣȻãܲˣɢһ޷չֱͺбһ


269 
֪ȻҲԼ壬Ѿﵽʶļˣͻޣܲ߾磬ͻƲˣͣͲǰ
춦дٷܹ߶Ҳֻжһ㣬ûټԭʼԪɷǲϻܣԱʱ֮衣
֮⣬ҲʼȡԭʼԪʳΪ
춦з޸Žٶȴӿ죬еԭʼԪҲ𽥳ԣÿճֹżͨ춦ԭʼԪӦԼʳ裬ֱ´ࡣ
Ҳʱ֣ȡԭʼԪЧԶҪãѰʿ񣬼ȡδȻȴ뷨죬ȡ֮˹൱鷳ң֮ޱȵıмȡҲ棬һʿÿֻ輳ȡһÿμȡ
ԭʼԪȴǲͬԶͨȡҲ븹൱Ѹ١
ԭʼԪ뵤֮УմȾɷ֮󣬴˵Խǿʢټȡһ֮󣬷Ʒʺʵĳ̶ȶʤ֣ȻǹȥɵһƬմȾһ˿Ϣ
ϢÿһϣϢƽϢϢϢÿյϢһ𣬾ȻԼһ壬ɲζ
ϸҲãȻ⣬ȴ֪󲻽Լ޺棬˵ñһתΪȫԭʼԪ
ͺ֮еĹʦԴˮʳᾫڲϸܸӪʳʣԶͨ˽׳Ҫ˵Ӷûһ˿ļˡ
ҲΪˣķǿʶõضܹǿǡ
ֻϧС⣬Ҳ֪ȥˣûָǧѣҪҲҲ·Ҳûмؽᵤķţνһ󡣡
һƽӣͬʱвҲЩź
ڣѾüȹֻ̣һͿԿʼᵤˣǣᵤ֮ضǸŸɵĻܣԼУûм˵ŬҲв
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һ峿ոճūͱ㼱ææشԺ˽
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ƽԺɲƹܣ֮޿Ըū͵Լи࣬÷ȻҲŮȴһֱִƴȨȻҪЩиū͹
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ʶȻڷУȴĶҲ˳
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ʲôСˣһЩ˵鸴ӡ
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ǻˣô˵ҪȥһҲáع񣬻˻֣ʾū£Լո嶥ȥ
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ʦܣҲˡӭЦݣʦιҲ֪ʲô飬ôټǡ
Ҳ֪ߣǽȥɡ΢΢ͷ˽ȥ
е֪ټˣȴûͨҲ֪ʲô顣
پ´٣ֱӷųʶҪū˷ʱ䣬Ҳжв²⡣
֮ǰһв²ⶼǺ壬Ҳٹǡ
߽Уֱͨȥ֮ǱԺһƬʻеİɫӰ
һŮӣһϮ£Ȼûκƣȴޣһ֮ϵƣ·䷲ӡ
Ѱ˼ˣضǾΪˣĤݣΪ·඼̤ʿ̵ظܵϵϢ
һʱղʦľԽˡ࿴һۣΪСĵشѵ˵һʱʵ
ӦԽԽѣΪ˴£ҲûбҪ뿪ôá
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ȴǾضһۣͻȻ֣ƺЩͬˡ
ȻӸϢ֮Уһ˿ңͬʱҲЩ䡣
ⲻϢҲǷԣĳЩ︽ڷ֮ϣķմȾ
˵һʣͲܣΪÿ˵ķ֮ͺѪض࣬ɾմȾⷽ⣬緢չ൱ж
һŵĻңʱ֪ƺЩ
㣬㡭ɵؿ̽ʡ
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кεΪ˲ȴǵټϸֵ伮֮еļأŵĴţ̥ӦӵʲôܣҲ̥ϵĸ֣ҿ϶Ҫһָ̥ö࣬˴ˣֻʲôоΣ
˲ɵҡɿ˼һ仰̺Ϣͬʱ²⣬ԼĿġ
ǾͲضˣڶͨʿûۣҪ˵г֮ľĿɨһ¾Ϳ˵Ϊ
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ЩʳԭʼԪƺһֱ仯ǧζװѹȥϢģҲΪˣϵϢ͹ȥһ㣬ֻǶ˼־ͺ⼸¼ڷܿޣ;ȴʼи޶ȣûгŷ룬ﵽɵ̶ȡ
һ£Ϊ


270 ɼ
ܿ죬ջĿ⣬£޷ǾһЩ޳֣Ļֻ˼ѷɵ˵رϣ͸¶γȥƺΪ׷һҪͱ˳ͻ
ϵһ޳֣ĽƺЩǰζˡ
Ϊʵ㣬㻹Ҫ뿪
ͷ¸ϵһЩų϶ȻҲ޷⣬޹أǸ飬Ѿаţ
˵ţָ࣬ʽӵƣƾճϡ
ͨ񡣡˵ǽҲһʱգ;죬ҲʱȥһˣʽɼˣҽΪ顣
΢ͣһ£֣ص˵ͨƼƾֻ֤ҪصõĳϣͿǼڲᣬͬʱɽ壬ʽΪŵĵӣǿҪպˡ
˵ţƷŵС
ɼӹƣһ㣬˼ǣǿԳΪŵˣ
ŵӣΪŵӣŵӺ洫֣ŵֻǼĵӣֻؾϣΪŵӣʽĵӡ
ЩӵУŲܵӣܹܵĸҲǳޣʼնĹܹȡٺ»Զһɢ޸ԣ
Ҫǣŵһؾ㽫ӵгΪŵʸ񣬿ԵɼԼڲᣬӴԺ󣬾һʽŵӣǳԺֻѰҵ£ɼҵϲһеһУɵİźչˣĸͿɽʿĸ
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Ҫɢңڣûʲôõĵطʵϣƶңʲô¶ûɳܹﵽĳɾҲǳޣ˲ҲܵƫԶŪˣŪһʦ֮ĹгΪžʹ죿
Ųһ׵£ҪŻͷӲףֻҵƼԼİܴ֮ӱ
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ŶŵӶǷοأԽţȴץúϣΪŵӶӵпٸԳһʸһȨԼţζš
ʱಢοȨصǣӴԺͿԺ˫˫ɣңˡ
Ǵ߳ȥĵӣձŵĹأ֮ѡһֲԼԺǳΪ洫ӣҲ԰Լߡ˵һأǾǳΪŵԺ󣬱ʮŵΪӹǿԴҷЩ˹ȥ
ϲⷺһ˿Źֵɫ
ԭй涨ΪŵӣͬʱΪʮŵӣܿʼܸ
Ϊ洫ԺͬҲҪΪʮŵӣ񣬲ܿʼ洫ӵĴ
˵洫壬ÿʮѡһ˵ϰߣЩ˾סɽԺ䣬ǽӡԭô£
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ʿʱǳԼǵһλ˼˲ţֻͨΪܸŲôɡ
ҿٸ֮󣬵һŵʦʦãҲԼšɣԺֵ󣬾ͽƹˣ󿪲ɳʯϽɣ߳ɱһᰲֺǽӣ񣬻зɵĹأʱ򶼻ǡ˵
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ǻĿܵģʦġ
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ǰһҲϲüңΪԼ˵ǰ̶еˣǲǶðѴ°òУⲻΪ˲ʦУҲΪԼ
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˵ţʿװķˣǷϵģ飬ԼǷɿܵ¥ϣȥִ³ˡ
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ʱͻȻһȺ˴Ӵ˽ȴŻӣŮˣԼͬذĿͶϡ
Ҳɼŵӣÿÿȵһߵȥʦȡ
ǵмûаϳɿصõĵӣֻΪվһڣȻǰԵϡ


271 ˭˭
ôĿȻҪǵһߵţѵʿ󵽵Ĺض𣿡Ⱥ˵ĻĿһ˿â˵
ҲǺų׹ݣλȴӻŮԾͬһ壬ԼʦǰڣֻϧǴ˶󣬾ȻǵԼʦͷϡ
ʲôˣ࿪ھǺǳⲻͬȴȷһ䡣
ʲôˣΪ׵ԣһԵõЦǷ仰ͨʿʵ𣿲ҪΪԼؾΪŵӾһ죬ڱУֻһȺոհݵƽѣŸʲô
ʦ֣αظСӷϻֱӰǺ߾ˡͬޣԴֺõ˵һȴб۴࣬Ȼ󣬵ȴû˿֮֮ϡķɵ¶һ˿ɫ
֮У½˶κһףǰϵĸ̣ûʲôֵÿҫ֮ɵķ££ȴıȾº˵ʶ֮ҲͬãԣĵӣϴĶϵķ£ͨӣȴǺ쾳ʱɷŵͨ£𣬾ͺ׵Ĵֲ޳һ㡣
ңɢϢ಻أڷ˶ԣѾǸ߲ʵʦţͬƽ档
ǮƣûʵӦֻǺʿСŲҪ̫࣬ڴˣѾ⣬ҪʦֺʦǵʦǰһŮߡ
ʿ׼ߵʱ򣬸ŮҲǰһŮòƽӹΪҲһӦǽãһȴΪǳǳüСɵǣӣµ٣ճһŮģȻûȫȴԿ֮һɫŮ
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ҲŵͨУʵֻһ㡣
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ȻֱӰץסȻӳȥ
ôĵӣŭһһâϴܳһ׹ҫĶСɽϢһնȥ

׹Ѫɽֻһ˲䣬ֵʿ㱻նһֻƣҽȥ
һ׹ҫĶСɽû׷Ǿ͵ػȦ˸תȻԱߴȥ
һʿһƵȴ˲ͱ׷ϡ

һҽУͬƱ԰׵صڵء
ɽȻ
һĻΪ׵˳һʱͬ
˲㿴ղŵ׹ҫ׻Ĳ׻գ֮һַ׻յķӵƷʣǷ֮еļƷַǣ޳ļʶһ㷨Ҫ
ַص㣬صǣܹƴģضǵʿȻһǳ֮˵汲ʦȴҲ벻׽Ĺϵ
ķԲƽܹӵеģֻĳЩӴĵϵ󹦵ĽܳӢӵУŮһɽʱ㽫ŵݱ¶
帽ӹԪ̨壬ǾʲôȻֱҪˣлŷ𣿡˵
ŷͣһŷͣС޶˺㽲أȴǽͣⲻӲô˲ǣǹˣ廰䣬¥ϱһĴЦһ׷ԲԵߣȴ¥ݴ
ಽźŵģǸղȥʿʿѪɽĳɵüȴվû˵ʲôźȻؿųˡ
λǱõִ³ϣǶϰɡ
ִ³ƹܵõĳϣȻоӣȴСҲǸϣ಻ҵǸղŻŵ壬ʦáˣƣüҽеޣҲվֱͦ׷״Ҿ
ϡؿһۣǰͷ˵ӷʦ֮ǰ˵صɼ뷽㣬ΪҵȰ
֮Уûʲôر壬ǼһӣȴɫһͣȻɫɷס
ΪϸӵǼǱıֻ֣Ҫܽƾ֤Ȼǰƺû̸ף¶иȺ֣֮һƺҪǼᣬ˭ִ³дһ˿Ϸʣ˵
Ҳ֪ⳤְ̫ãе÷ţ⿴⼸󱲵Ȼ˸룬ǳֱ׵˵һŪ
ʱͷ飬ʱ֪ǰһŮʲôʿĺŵӣɺϵǣԼͬţһˡ
ƺͷʦʶʦǰ˵ϻ
پִ³ϣΪųȻΪϲ𣬲ֹ˵ŪǷǡ
ʦ֣ԥʱһȴǡʦáˡ
Ŷ˵࣬Ǿ͵⣬û뵽ƽŮӣȻҲǺŹŮͺǿһͨŮת۾ͱ΢õĹݺԼȣǲضãңӵԼҪۺ󷨱ֱǲˡ
ûɵأʦáһŨŨĶ⣬ƺЩԥ壬򲻹һŮ˳־ˣѵôŹ𣿻У㲻˵ڶݵؽܳԵÿСʿҪôһҲ˾ˣ㻹ܸҴ꣬˵㸸ҪְǷʦҲмӣԭƭ˵ģ
ʦãǰݵúԣŮĻæһ۸ϵĳϣȴǳЦеؿԼһˣû˿ŭļ󣬷Դ֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ⳤʲôȴѿųƺ˫ĮģһֿϷ̬Ҳ˵ǣԺ﷢ʲô£ӡ
ûⳤӣѵԼ
ȻһٿԼ˵ĸ࣬ʱ򵨱ǰһ̤


272 ʼįĳϣϣ
˵֮䣬ȫĵһΰϼȥ
ղֳ֣˳ĵ̣ȴǲǣʣûжֵ˼õĿ꣬ȻѿʱֻӵͨϢԼҲͬأһȺУΪߡ
һ֣ҪƷ
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䣡
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ʦáŮޣʱ
ɨŮһۣɫ΢죬漴ƺͨʲôмһ
СӣŮУȴĿѣ֮Уȼܵŭ
һºˣԼʧ棬ʦҲˮǲԭ£
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ˣĽ֮䣬ӿȻԼɢһֻɲǿϢ·һ޷ĴڣҪѡ
ǧħĿ˹ϣɳһæʦСģشͨƾ跨ٻħӰٻħبʹ֮Ļħ׷ݵ絮֮ǰÿһӵгԽԶɻʵʵ
޷ķǳ޷ٻħӰ٣಻ٻһħѡഫ΢΢һ漴侲˵
Ҳ˵ٻħͨͨٻĲħһӰʩչ֮˷ԽǿӳҲԽǿҲܴﵽٵĳ̶ȣ壬Ϊ³ʿܹٻħһ˿ϢͿ˵޵Сˡ
ݴħ쿪֮ǰΪԶĴڣͷԶʱɻҪ˵ܰǵӰٻҲš
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ƣԭ죡
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ϣҲ޷򶨣һƬҰףУҲһ˿š
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˵䣬Ӵͳһͨȴרʢװ񣬱ĴУ˫ǰ죬ͷ
⻹ࡣִ³ϼˣɫԻɫƽ࣬Сӣ㻹ʶȤ޿ɾҩӣҲϣһЩҸ档
볤ѵʾæ˵һϴģ
סˣ֮ɫ⡮ʦáʲôɿԺٺҪɫǰͷԣóȻ֮ƺЩֻҪԿҲǵӵܱ˽ѵˡִ³һЦɨˣǡʦáָֻһϷʵģ
㡭˵ʲôʦáִ³϶Լۣɵҡ
ϣҾǰ˵ŪǷǵĻû뵽νҸ棬˵ԼʦõĻɵּǺ
ҲգˣһߴȥΪǵǼִ³ϲûʧ񣬸ƵĻ˻֡廹˵ЩʲôȴǾֵط֣ԼȻһ㣬˵ˣ
ţǰ˵ִ³ϽѵˣĿϡ


273 ʼįĳϣУ
ǣϡǰ
ǵƾ֤óִ³ֵ
˵ͨ˳ִ³ϳһӣһ֮ϣͬʱһľ޴飬зɳһһӬͷСڽϿո֡
ڣ
ͻȻ֮䣬ЩֵӬͷС֣һڡϡ
ܿ죬ڡһΪɽɫӰû֮ͨУ˶ԭհ覵֮ϣʼֳһЩ
طеʶ̺ѶϢ̽ӣܿͼġ
ɹңŵԪ꣬뼮
ɹңŵ࣬Ԫ꣬뼮
ųֵģ˵òƽԼƼ֮ˣп棬Լʶˡ
ЩǵķӡȻѾԻΣҪԣгϵĸ֣֪ԼƺЩûκνʵϣѱӡ
Ҳ࣬ϣͬԼ֮˵ķӡˣ뼮Ҳ˼򵥡
ûƼѰӣҲӦŲݣʮ˴Ĺ鷳
ɹעܿƿȴע⵽һʦ㣬ʲô˼
ʦܣû˵־أɻ󣬰д
ƺһϿ˵˵֮У־أһΪ죬Ϊ죬Ϊ죬Ϊ죬ΪB죬Ϊ죬Ϊ죬Ϊ죬Ϊ죬֮⣬Ϊ죬ŵ֣ڴˣ磬ϵĴڡ
ˣ͵ʦʱж̣»֪ŵҲΪ֮ΪŴɹŴɹÿһԳһӵŵʵǴĶ죬Լܱ磬в壬Ŵɹһɹˣҵ棬ǰڳ칬£ǳ칬ĵʮλӣ
ʲôǳ칬ĵӣһ
ֱʱŻȻصġɹʲô˼
νɼ˵۰죬ͳȺףҪԶɹһӴȣʿҪ仧ɼƵߣаħ뵽˴ͻȻȻ
ӹɷңӪⲻ˳һЩΪΪɵ֮ףǧʿеͷҲⲻ˱ɵͷѳ֣ÿһɵĸˣܣԼĴкǧΪľŴɹ
ң֮ңƽʱֻеһ¶⣬֮ɹʱ򣬲ܵʹøɹȺ۸ݣԼĵؽ磬ӵоԵͳΡ
ҲʼףΪʲôҪϧۣɼˣˣҲڡ
ҸղѾǽɵƣｫΪŵӵƾ֤ҪʱЯɶתˣʧ뾡滻ִ֮³ϰöͨУ˵
˿̵ͨѾһģԭ޻ʽݻʾɵһɵȣͬʱ޴һҳҲöƵĻӰԼ˵ƽѶϢ
ڣǿԴǰ壬ǱŵĴÿ¶дǰҵа伮֮⣬Ҳ䱦¥㳡ҲѾ˽ɣˣվһȥʩչͨⱾɲ
ִ³ϰ񽻸ָ֮⸡һŽɫ棬Ϊʣƾд
ƽϢվһԵȺֱʮϢֹͣдҾΪٴΰл
汾ִ³飬һۣ˵
ϻʲộָЩֵʵ
ôʲôˡִ³üͷ΢΢һ塣
Σֻø¥ȥ
֮˸һµķ䣬ģʿȻһߣЦЦؿǣ˲⣬ֻţƷ
ǿ֪ΪҪִ³ԳݵһƷҲЩ⣬ǿڴƳĬ
޶ۣ볤ʾɿڣҲõ˵
޶ִۣ³ԣЦһżζҲĻټţûм޶۵ˡˣǰ˵ҸһΣ
ִ³ſڱտڱȴͻȻһתԳҡˣ֮䣬ΪҲƽ۽ȻҪס
ʲôףԣϾҲҿ˵ʲôǰ£ƾԸ֮Ŀ׻һСľͰԼ׽ȥ
ҿ֪ϱҵūͣ˲ſʼ䣬ȴʹˣ̶һڱԲɣ죬ĳɾͱض֮£ұһԵΪͽΣ
ִ³룬ӹһ˿΢ɲâ
Ҫ֪ŵһΪţΪţΪ洫ŲҲգΪŵ֮Ҫʮ֮򣬻Ϊܸ㹦£ӱгΪӡ
ֻбгΪ֮ŵӲн洫ĻᣬΪ洫Ľᵤ֮ǸŵĲ֮أûʦڣκ˶ûа취ԼģӦΪʦϱԴᵤ֮ôҲץסԵ
ԣаȫûϵִ³ϿеĽףȻҪԼʦ
Ž洫ĹأҲжţ֪һƲȥĿǳ츳Ҳǰһλš𡱵ľ뢣ȻŵԽ˵ǰԼΪͽҲȷ˵һѵõĻԵƴҲҪץס
֮ж̸͸¶ΪʦЦ
ڴˣɾ䣬ûһ˿ˮܵӳңǰ;㰲ţ⸣ְݳΪʦֻҪһˡ
ô㾹ȻԸ⣿ִ³һɫʱѿ
У߽ʿϡ٣ͽʿ࣬ǰ˷Żͽ󱲶Ҫͷ룬Ƕûпǣ̾ͶȻܾ
ǲԸʵɼɫһٵظп볤ϼ¡
ߣݺ죬û㲻ʶôģĽִͣ³ýȥڵһվ𣬱ŭˣˣȻ㲻Ը⣬ǾͿɣ
ǡӸˣͻȻɵóһæҴҸ뿪
ϲŭ޳ֱǱˣǿ߶ûеطߣʴˣһҲҶͣ
˲ûз֣뿪ŵɲǣִ³ϵͻȻŭݣҲѸתΪصЦ


274 ʼįĳϣ£
ʦ𣬴˽С΢ϲʦαڿһʿ˿Сʵ
ҵȻҪʦ֮Թɫôܿıģˣȥ¥ҪԸȥִ³ϳһ˦
ǣʦ𡣡ʿҾ׵
һ㱻ȻԼְԼһִ߲³ϣЩηæϣң
տʼʱҶִ³ŭ𣬵¥һʱ֮ʵ࣬ڸ߽ʿľηҲǲ
֣ȫζشҪ
壬֪Լͷִ³ȻһЦ
Ϻγԣ⻰ɵһЩֵ̿ʵ
˸ղˣѵΣѽִ³ѵ
ԭˣˣղŲѾҹ𣿡ЩͷԵ˵
УٻЩΪȻ
Ҳ֪ղŵȻգȴδؾ֣ΪԼ޳𣬽ƾһ֮صֳĵز
ԼԶ˲ɱģ˵ͷȴԹʵˣѵ˻ΪС¾Լɱ
ΪԼзݣʲô˶ɱߣ㻹֪ݣ֪ղ˾˭ִ³ĿտȻ·ֱܹ͸ģ˼
֪볤ʾɫһףսսص
ִ³ϣͻȻһ󼸺˶ĤݵϢϢ壬
֪ΪΣԺͻȻһƬհףҲʼԼоЩˣƺͬλԣѾ˷ǳΣĵز
Ҳ޷ղˣеĽ£˵ǰΪܣͬĸŮ࣬Ǵ嶵ĶŮҲ֪ʲôֻҪ֪ҲһųϱС
ԭҲǳţΣǽֻСԹڴͷȻңȴվмǣǿѹеĲ˵
֪ǱίΪʹӴԺҪĸִ󣬿¾Ͳôˡţ޺⣬ģ֮㸸Ȩʲôɲ㵱ڣִ³Ц񣬼ммֳŪ·һ̤Ԩ֪Ŀ档
ʲôǱʦΪʹҪҸףԣд𣬲վ
ʵ¥ʱѾԱţû뵽ܣû뵽ųϵı
һܵãӹԼĸ̾Ҫꡣ
֮£ѣ
ô㲻ţִ³ӹһ˿⡣
¶ɣһʱ֪Ӧλش
ȷǷǳţҲ֪ûбҪƭԼ
ң鲢ǻܣһʱһֻҪȥһ֪߸յѶ
ϢͨȻҲ֪Ӧ֮볤ϴȡ嵹Ҳͨйؽ֮̾ףͶԼˡ
Ȼ֪˵ֶԼ˵һضͼı˳ȥõĴŶѡ
˵ãϹͷ
ҲǴֻ֮볤ϴȣûпտŵ
ִ³ϼʶȤǴϲЦ㻹Ǹ֮ģˣȻˣһΰɣҲҪ汾һ飬ɣ˵ȹ˽٣ǽᵤӤɾ洫ҲǽǰͿ㶮ץסˡ
аһȻˣȴ¶˿صͷ
⡣
ಣ
Կзɹ
ӡáǱһ̲ͣٸϻأֱԶżٶȣɫŹֵػͷһۡ
û׷٣Ҳûأڸʲôӹһ˿ɫɵһ٣ֱͣ
һ·ǳС̽ΧȴûвκҲڷ
ʦܣǳԴ˸ƺͼҲ֪飬ǲҪΪãȻƽˣǾͿ뿪Ҫôˡ˼ӣҲͣȰ˵
ȻҲǳϹŹ֣ȴûзУֻҪǶԷͲ¡
ûô򵥡Ҳ֪˵ȴҡҡͷ²ؼȥԿȻ뿪áʱȴͻȻһԤУλִ³ƺҪҲ
о㲻ԣӹһ˿죬ҲֳǵɫôʲôҲûио
ʱǳûкһʶͷԶӦΣҲΪ棬ңִ³ϣҲϵĸ߽ʿҲһ֣Ÿоġ˵
ʵҲԼӦΣʵִ³Զִ³ϵɱҲ˿ΣյĸӦ
ԤУ춦еĶģѾȥ֮ȴȻӴʶľ磬Ӧִ³еĶѡ
ֻĶֻǶҶûҪ㲻룬ٲ²
ǳƽˣЩš
ҲɻĵطٲȻϳرĳֶθӦʶɣˣ²˼ʼ³ˣǻȻȥ˵
ҡҡͷ˵
ȻҵǶ֣˼ɣֻҪСķˣǰˣǲѵ㲻𣿡
ٶ̣һΣٶȼ࣬ûż·ڣƽµػص塣
ʱѾ뿪壬֪ˣ뿪֮ǰѾɸŮݽӡţ˸ϷһԪ̨ĵط
û˿⣬ʰװ׼ǰҲʱǲ֪ԼҪִƵ󣬾ȻԪ̨һ
ȻԪ̨壡ˣҲԳԪ̨һɺϣԤı衣
Ӧ߼С
һ·˼Ѿ׼ɺϷҲҡ˿ˣ˵
ȵã㵽ǳϹⲻ֣һ˺ͻȻٳ壬ϲĻ뿪֮ضǺ̸ˡ
˼ǣѾ˵֮䣬üͷ壬ˣҪӹ󣬾ûôˡԭҪܿλŹֳϣڣȥ
Ҳûа취ֻһһˡε˵ȴǰݡ
ǳҪԼƴŶԪҲҪΪǿ


275 ƽӹ
Ԫֻ̨г̣ܿ죬˱˵ء
ȥԪ̨һ߸ߵ¥滷ɽ·ΧǽѶϡΧ£γƬƽԭƬƽԭԼĻɽмв̵ȱڣγɹȵأһˮƳĴ󽭣ֱȴȻӱǺһ㣬ɽ嶼Χ
ⲻȻγɵĵƣǱԴ٣Ȼɽʯָ½ΪӲͳ
һ߻ˮԪ̨ңɽ壬ڣԭʦǰһƹܣҲкᣬ£Ȩ˼Ͼǰƹʹߣȴĸš
УһʶԼ⻪羰һ޶ӰֳͬʱʱּӹŴ˵ص
Ķ£ҲûкϸһжֻܿԼ
ǽӹ󣬲û˵ҪںεأҲǴпУǵ˼ȫִȨһпȴûй۲ε˼ֻ˵
ǵȻʹ߳⣬ִҲڣŵĹأϱʹ߼죬ץżëΪѡЦ
Ҳصǡǻȵţ󵽵˵˵գǰ棬ɽ彵ȥ
ʱɽһƽ̨ϣѾа˵ȺȴǰǵǼ֮ǰ˴ڶŵǲˣ¡
ŵӣִҲһ䶯飬Ȼûдأȴ˾֪
˶֪ǽҪȥٸŻָտɴΣС㽻ǵ񣬴бʱͶضô࣬ǣٷµŵӶסˣһЩӵнᣬȴ־ĵӣС
ҲƺʩͶǰ;Դŵǰ
Ҳ߲ܣ˴ѡһЩƷԣʾѵ׳ſͣȻ÷ٸūͣһǨ
ӭʦ֣ʦ㡣
棬٣¥ĺվǰͷŵǺѹѹһȺŵӣԹΪس
ضǲˣҽôˣӭӣʰ飬¶ɫ
ҲѾˡվ˳˵ڣǹŵӹоʮˣоʮΪϳˣΪԲѰʦַԸɽ³ǳլԺȰǰá
֪ˡ˵ͷɨܣô
Ѿס嶥ˡ˵ԭſٿʱѽ˼๤ʿסĸۡ˵ֻҪټһȽ۾ӻҪϼ֣ʦʦҲ⡣
òȫȨ£Ȼô˵ǱŰɡأȻ˵ôһҲгֻ֣뵽࣬ɵÿһۣǲ֪ʦΣ
ִվҲεʱ򣬼ȻˣסŰɣҲȥôིˡЦЦ˵
Ҳáͷת˵ɢȥɡ
ǣʦ֡
ܿ죬ɢȥɽϼ๤ĸ֧ۡʹ۰ңǰæǰӭ
ôˣһۣۡǻȻһ£ȫõģɴΪ⣬һ仰ȴǵŲԼش𣬺͡
ӣ⴦լԺԭʦ֮ۡʱԱٳשףط󣬼꣬Ҳǲմ̦ݣһ£ҲûʲôģֻϤǰԺԺ᷿ЩڣĴҾǷʧˮǷĽҰҰϢķ˼죬һжѾʰ׵͵ŹӺСסˡ
áֵһã˽ȥ
⴦ۡн۾ӵı࣬ɣҲǿǵʿסҸԺ˴˷ָģտġ¾ӡһҲ޷ԭҲôģʱѰ˸˴㣬һж
ӣмԳʹǰ˼ǲҪӴһ£
ֹ˼ʱɫпʼƵƵʱ÷Ȼ߽鷿
ʹᣬӹһ⣬ǵȺɡˣʦҲȥ֪һ
䣬ˣҪѰ㣬ҲΪ顣
ʦ㣬ôˣ֪ǵ⣿վ
Ѳ²⣬Щǰ˼һǱʾأҲΪ˴̽ǵʵܽӼˡ
侲˵
壬ʦ洫ʱǳһǱޣ£֮䣬ЩŴܵģЩʹҲָɡ
ԭָɵġȻ
֮Уʹ˵ĵӣڽ֮;ᵤӤﵽ洫ӵĵزӵеȨҲΪľ¡ʢҲ˶Ʃˣʹǿ࣬죬ҲǽᵤģĽǰ˰پӹµһĵӣŵİŴһЩܼ飬󣬿ҩ԰չޡЩϵļʹҲһˡȻûнᵤʣŵĵλҲߣȴΪִ񣬷Ҫǵĵطǲõܹ£ĻǾܵ£Ϊáֵ
ҵȻ֪շЩˣԼ֣ǻ󣬿ɣܲ죬ִҲúף෴ִҪ̱ĻɻһЦ
֪ţЩѶĿȾޱȵĹ죬Ҳʲô޶֮ˣʲôʲôг㡣
Ϊ÷ϱ뵽Ⱥ򣬶һҪ֪һӴʾ֣ء
֮Ȼ쾳ʿʿǳ֣վԵ÷ǳ
Ҫңվˣ˵ɡ
һۣжѾ˽⡣
˶Ѿͨ۷壬ǺͱȲԴһЩò׳
ʿ죬ﵽ˰꣬ϲĹҲüΪɴҲ֪ǲǽ֮ʱѾ굽꣬ǽ֮ûнᵤ޷۳һ֣ǵʲ̫ãҲû䣬ıǮ涼ǳƽӹ


276 ˵Ϣ
лӡĻԥһ£ջǹ˹֣Ȼ¡
֪λǽС΢׿ӣֻʵ
°׶ҵ֪Ѻƽ˵Ӻӽӹܴ˴ˡʿУһ˿һЩæ
ǣǡһҲæͣͬʱæͳУСϣһ⣬λЦɡ
ʲô˼ɫһͣû뵽˾Ȼġ
Ա񣬲ɾ⣬λҪ֡׶ͺƽɫһͻ¶ЩɫֻܿȻΪ١
ǵĿƺִ󷽣ЦһӹУֳʶ̽顣
Щ⣬澡ǧö֮࣬оǧ
Ҫɱ˶ᱦѴѵصõͨʿûô׬ȡƸһͨʿȫҲ򣬶һʱµģ˵ͳǧö񣬾ʮĻ˵˱Ǯ
ôḬ̄ī󣬼Ե
̰۳ɷ磬ϹٸæǰͽͼѰñӻ֮У鲢ټͻȻ뵽ܣɫѿ
ˣ׶ͺƽɵһæ͵ЩһһλģȫŷŵٺԼԼƷҩִ񣬸룬·
ҵȷһֱҵҵҪ˵Եһ˿ͷû
Ҳң࣬϶£лϣʹʹѲʹʹҸʹ֮䣬Ȩ˾ְиԼļֶΣȫһ帯࣬򣬾ƾҲΪЦһɫȴǿʼΪֵҲãҾˡ
ⰲ׶ͺƽĻѾ˼֣ӣЩ񣬶Ҳġ
׶ͺƽһ£оظĶԴҲࡣ
һֱĬֱ˸뿪ʵʦܣΪʲô񣿡
ΪˣҲǲ˽⣬˵̰ͼһǧҪ̰һҪţɸղȴһ˿
ʦΪǳէƶʣ΢΢һЦ
˵ͷӹһ˿ɻ
ʵ񣬲ͶҪģҲ̰ͼǮƣֻΪ˰Ƕѡ˵
ͶǵģԼãЩȡ
ǲԹɫĹˣʦ߹󣬴Ҳûпɫµʱ򣬵ȻЦһ͵ȴԿ϶˰˳ǲͬŴѾ㣬λ̽һ̽ǵĵϸ
ԭˡȷ̫λߵ뷨Ҳ޶ۣһ㣬̾˸ղ˵ͼô˵ʹߣ๤û˼ǣѾһǷģ
һǿ϶ģǰѾãУǲˣǷҲδأǱϾǷָɵʹߣ˳ܣǹȥԪ̨ҲܲǷ
ô˵ǲˣֻΪ̽ǵ̬ȣʱˣˣȻǹУԪֻ̨ǸӹʦǰѴڵģԪ̨ʱа꣬ԶʦʱҪҪ˵ˣʦǰҲ̽һ
Ӧһ󣬹ϵ洫ԼԲСʿƣҪ˵ûۺ죬ǲܵģźԣҲսϣ˵ñҪӱˡʦ㲻ǣҴ£ǾܿǱݾˡ˵
ķչȻϣ죬ƽƽرȥˣûǽӣҲû˼ԶԪ̨壬Ҳû˳棬·ֻ·˵羰ĸҹӣС㣬ȫ޹ء
صأҪ˵羰·Ҳٲû̲һϳȥһƽ¶ֽĺۼ
׶ͺƽһˣͬ԰Ϊɣӽ̸ֻ֮й˼ɣҲûж¶κηҲ֪Լһʱշǣûż
ʱɶҲӷˣЩӣɽ֪ܵȥˣҺдѶǨ֮󣬼ʱ֮Ҳ
ӣ㾹Ȼɵˣɶʱ֪뿪壬ִѾӵһȨ
ͷ󣬲ڸǳһҽУרĵرΣɶЩζؽ
ɶγԣĪҪҼԵͿ󲻳ɣǳһû뵽СŮ˺ĿŵԼ
ҲһԣɶĻɽüͷо֮ʢ˵ȥѳŭˡ
ֻǽ鹫Уд⡣ɶԳЦرܴӿ֧ȡһЩٺò
飬ҿǿǰɡ˵Ȼ̸ϻƧҲûʿƼпҲûж׬ͷԣû̫ӣֻһЦ֮
Ԫ̨֮ھһǳأвŵϵʿ࣬ЩŵӵУҲû̫󣬻ʡ⹦
ʥԵǹģԺ⡣ɶƺͲµô˵Цӿ֪뿪壬ȥʥŮϣе飬ʵҲʥŮġ
ʥŮģһ漴Ȼ򣬡ܳɣҲǸĲԴǿЩӾ͵չȻԶĵطȥǣΪ󣬰̰īһЩԺͰ̰ͨĿܡ
ʥŮ˳ǿԪ̨һĶ츣أЩ츣طֲĻ֮У黨ݣޣָĵرκһǲֲɼæֻڶŵԷɣ򴨼⡣
һɣͽȶĲԴԼòϣţ£˲ţȴٺʲ
Ͱ⣬ɱȵһ׬Ǯˡ
󣬻ٶһЩ̰īֻҪסִ磬ģû˻׷ģԽôڸǣǳȫҲ͸¶һЩĻϢѾͱʥѾɹʶܿҪֹͣжˣʱǲǵˣͬһߵѣˣֻҪռȻʱ϶˫Ӯľ档
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278 ɱᣨϣ
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280 ɱᣨ£
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ѾǺܹƽƽˣǷҲҪмӣƽߵˡ
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ĪǺܹйأ˵춼ȥݼܹܣѵܹе˺ô
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һ죬һ찡ô벻ȥͽܹأ
ʿǴ֮ܿ˲µ࣬ĿͶˡ
Ϥ׶ͺƽȴûм࣬ƽСߵľٶȻܲ³֡
㾹ȻƽȻΪ˴˱ģҲɵӣ׶ץ·ɽ뵽ղױԼԼ⣬ʱףĽˡ
ֲãԼȫûл֮
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ƽʱͷһˣȻĺֻΪȴӵвԼĹʮ
ο滹а׶񣬵ٷҲҶ֡
ƽȥѿеμʹһְʿглҪ˵ʱˡ
ǣӡƽȻһæӦ
ܿ죬ܹҪѲӵϢ㴫˿ѲӵģչǱ޵ģĵġֻҪû뿪󣬻Ԫ̨һļʹˡ


286 ϣ
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ʲôȻͬĻشһ£ҪʧЦ
ѹⰫƽտʼʱֺԭС˵־


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ʿĿƵƽϵʱͻȻסˡ


288 £
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⸱Σֻ˵һ㣬Ǿ˲֪ƽݣҹˣҪش
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׶ˣһͰ׶ҪõĺƽҲˣ˵һͻȻпʱתͻƵĻôһֻͬСôһˡ
ʲôԭʹ㷭һƽӹӣ֣
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û˿Ӧʱ䣬Ҳûκ赲ֻ֮Ҫʶȥ磬ɴſ͵ĺ󱳣ʱȫ¶
⻹ļޣ֮ٳ춦
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Ӱ٣޼û˿Բ׽
գ֮ǰǰգ֮ȴѾںˣĶ޷Ƶİ


289 ˣϣ
ʵֹЩſͣһİ׶ƽĺ֡ˣҲȫˡ
֪ʵǿԶѰʿɱȣȴû뵽֪֮䣬Ѵﵽ˸Īĵزң˹ͨһգۼ䣬˲ŲƵкȻ󷨱֣㡣
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ķҪתͨѾħһ㣬Բд߶ѪطţǱǿʩչֻߣ׼ֶΡȴǳʩչ;
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˿ߣģǲɫƺѾ⣬ҪܹܹʵʼնһԲԣ±ٲһЩ˲²˼
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ԳһһЩʶ˵ʶ飬Ŀɿڴ
˷ܹһϵҲûУǰᣬҲ̰ͼЩչĵرǮʵݣ˵һ
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𽥵ģԽԽɻ󣬶ҲԽعŹ


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׶ͺƽЩΪ˽⣬ټϣѷܹǰĹԥرȷϵ
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294 Ȱ
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ȻƽŭĿӣվǺƽһģղԴҲΪԻּۻۡ
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ϵʱܹܣúҵĿػ츳ܹµģܹ֮ЩתƵϣûбתΪҵĻ֣صǱ
Ҫһ÷ǳɣʵϣԶۣЩ֣ʧķղڵĺҵҲ̼֣Ԫˡ
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ڣĪϮ嶼һ˿ˣ־绬Σգĵ屻ƣǾɡ족족߱Ϊˡ
Զͥ˵䣡
һ˿𵴣ãҵ鲢أֻҪͿԻָˣڵĵķԪ̨Ǳߣƺ˸֣Ҫֱӳҡ
֪ԼˣǱԷನϮûд󰭡춦лвԭʼԪȡЩԪָܻܿǸ֣ò
ô죿ʵ
ûбİ취ˣӰɡЦһ˵
вڶԪ̨ſͣڣԷҲûа취ųϲϧԴСҲͬöԷûа취Ψһѡ񣬾֮زز
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ȥɣүүҲųϣȥ棬һġҲ֪̬룬˵


296 
Ҳֻˡԣ˵ͷ
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Ȼ֪ͻȻ֮䷢ʲô裬Ͼĸ͵ϮԼ֪ԼΣ֮УûִС
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ʱʿʶ֪Ѿ׼ˣûвΣ٣ȴѾ͵ϮԾǶԷľʵԶԶԽԼѾﵽɱθ֪ĵز
ν޳֪ɱ˸оԷɱ޼׽
ߣû˿ԥְ붦УȻɿ򱱶ȥ
˵ǰһ·Լг̣ΪҪһ²ܵڵвҲȲһ·ˡ
Ȼע⵽ľٶǵâû˿ԥ̸˹
ٶԶҪ죬˲Ϣ֮Х⡣
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ѾǾȫˣ񾳸֣ܷɵñ죡Щɬص
ӶУ֪Է񾳵ĸ֣Ѿϳˣ³˵Լ֮⣬˦ѵˡ
ǣԼʩչ״ݣ
ʦ㣬Ҫʩչ׶ˣⶦзʶǧҪ֪磬пʧ֮У
ʱַʮϢϢԽԽȽͿˣһԥȫǰһ
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ϣӿ˿˿׹⣬˲ԭʧȻǰ
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ôһ˲֮ͣȫУѾʮɣɵľ룬ֱʱ鳤ϲӵ󷨿Ѿ˦һξ룬ӵ֮ȥˡ


297 Ӱ
һ޼ʵֺ֮УӰһǰһ󣬷ɿӹ
뿪֮󣬺鳤׷ᣬѾ׷ɱһһҹһһҹ֮Уأʹٰȴʼû˦ѷֺҽζҪܻ
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ûͷҲԸо׷ɱɵðһ
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ôĿĲԶȻƵ;ƿݵĵزȻʹɱ֣鳤û뵽ǣּˣΪ춦ӵԴԴϵľʿһһҹƣݽߣȴһ˿ĶûУȻϵɶݡ
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ʿɣԪ񽥷ᣬܹٿصķҲǺԪǿӣʿԶͨʿۻ룬Ҳ
һЩܳ츳ӵܹͻƣôҲܳԽгʿҪ˵ϳʿˡ
񾳵ĲжϽؽᵤϣԪ̥ϣ̥ϣ񾳣
УĸĲ࣬³˵гˣг˵ϳˣεƿҪͻƣ֮ҲΪ
ˣ鳤ޱȵȷţֻҪ׷ȥֲס
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һһҹҲûзɣͣسıߣָ·Լΰ׷ɱ
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298 ħת
Ȼ䣬صӰȴһ֮ľ޴ֱֱۣ۵ǰˣһֻ޴ƣָſֱ԰һ䷿У缦Ū

ԼһȴʵĺɫƣŲֱϣԼ¶ļȻͭһɫ֮£Ĺ׭ģ׵ζ·̺ɡ
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ħת󷨣춦УʶҲӦɾ˵ƣʧ
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硰ơһơȵд֮ͬͬԲٿԦһ㣬鳤ʩչġħת󷨡Ҳ뵱ڵʩչġǧħͬһͬǣ鳤ϵġħת󷨡Զġǧħɱȣֻٻħһ˿ϢǺ鳤ѾٻһֱֱۣۻĻ󣬶ʵʵڵĻ
һ˿Ϣһ֮
ͨѾСˣǵɱȵģΪ̫߳࣬ƵĹܹӵԴ⡣ص˵
ȷˡɵõ˵ͷҲָ֪ʲô
ɵͨѭ򽥽˳ȻħͨȴֶΣȻһЩȱݣҪСĴۣҲǳɱԳȡ
һֻħֹ֣ô򵥡
ܣԶһЩʱӰҲܵ˴ħϴϢޱ£֣صض˵
ȻҲ֪¹ش󣬲ûгǿվԭתԶȥ

صһδմ˳ȴǺ鳤ϿҪ뿪һЦЯѾõƳˡ
ֻڹһ޴ֱ۷·̽צֱץ
עź鳤ϣ鳤ԽԼֱȥӰҲһţɿ׷ȥȴϣ޴ֱͻȻһתۣն

ֱϵĺɫڽ𶯣Ũĺɢ裬·Ὥ֯һž޴ĺɫ
ƬһӰʱͣһ£С
һͻϮԵ÷ǳ򾲣·ʲôҲûзͷһΣ񣬱ʯ֮ͭ˳
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ȻɵԶȴûгܣǱһԣŻ춦е࣬ҲߵĶЩȵؽгͭ֡
洫ӣ˼壬ǵõĴУһɵĺȦӡ
ɵ֮Уÿһŵӽ洫ԶΪŵľӢ󱲣õĵݣȻһӵĴ򷢣ˣŻһطΪӵĸͬʱҲǼԱʹ۳ΣӵһԷķʹá
⣬ķҲаθݵãɵӽͬҲӣӲһõóֵķûУƽ׶˱
ĴŵӲӵеģŵӣ붼Ҫ롣
ˮ¾洫ʱŴķһ洫Ҳûеõʸ⻹ǿ˸ʦķϣܶΡ
֪飬ĳ֣ʱЩȡ
֮Ҳʹ÷Ҳһ΢΢һ
ͨĻȻܣɾ磬ֻ÷ΪƷܹһģʦȻǰ汦ͨӡطϣЩطܡܿ췴Ӧ˵
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˾ڷҲܻûʱ޴ƣĹ⻪Ѿصײһ

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Ҫ٣ܰѴ˾ͨݹʩԼͶӰϣֶΣԶԶֻðٷ֮һܵ춦ܹġ
춦鶡飬ͬҲ
ʵû
ϹâһƺѾջתָͶӰȻһֻ֣վһ㡣
һźڰɫԪָ͵ը˿ȻγһȦ˫̫֮ͼɿħӡȥ
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·̵֮ϣ͵һͰˮ˫̫ͼӡϵħ֣һըȻһӡ
Ȼ󣬺ŤѪ鴤һѪȵӡ
ħֳʹһ·ԣȴ̽͹һ㣬͵˻ȥٿشֵĺ鳤Ҳ۵һ͵³һѪ
һ֮ǰ龳ֵͨ͵ϮѪڣԼҲͬ飬һڡ
𾪣鳤ŵ̤գȻͦһۣԼӹһ˿ã
˵ʼʱԼһʱңôڣ뷨ѵȻ޴ˡ
ûκνңܹһ洫Ժ龳֣ҲԺλ˶Է
޷ŵǣ洫ӣȻ٣һʩչͨ
ȫѾԿ϶Լǿ֧ȥҲͬĽ
ҾȻһ洫С
鳤أ˿һ㣬ЦֻЦ֮УѾʧȥɵٴ˼֣·еĻ֮䣬ȫɥʧ
ģֻصǶĵĴڵĺ鳤ϣѾȫȻûųϵеһнϣݽ֮ɥʧ
̫ˣʦֻͨħҪʧˡ
ħأеĺɫҲųص²ƻȥһ˿ƵļȻ˵
Ҫ⣬Σջûйȥ˲ô׾ͻġ
ȴ˫Բɣüͷ
Ȼ鳤Ȼһ˿ȻϢ·ѾĻ䣬ȴ˸ӿµľ硣
ͻȻ䣬һĨľȻɣӺ鳤ϻҰȼͺԭѾȫˣͻȻ֮䣬ӿֳϣ
鳤󣬲԰ףɿݵĳ޷ԶħҲԭѾصħ֣·ͻȻ֮עķһζԼĵƴ˳

ɫ̷һһԼɼԴи֣ħ˷ɳ



˻ƺ𣬰˷𶯣
һ±ͻȻƬأٴαĺɫĻΧԭƵգٴ͵رȥ
ֻһ˲䣬㱻ڸˣ鳤ĿУ·ɫĶԲϷɳ˷Ϯȥ
صħãǲԾѪ׼ˣħе׼ͨڶʱڰѹԽ
Ҫƴ˰
һһĺԼϮӿǳǿҵ𾪣æδ߶׶ݣŲƳȥȻ·ɣһ֮Զ
Ϣ֮䣬·ĲֲϿή·ʱڱ㾭˴٣Ҷȫ⣬ֻʣ¹ͺͺ֦ɡ
ɼҰãҰ߳ϣ飬ЩӹʱƤëҲŻҰȥͺǱħȥȫѪԪ˽̿һѡ
еҲܵ˺ԵϮΪ鳤Ͽ߶Եʣ󲿷ֺԣǷ·ӵһ㣬Ϯȥֻˮ¾֮£⻪һһĺԾֱϴ͸ȥȫ˿ա
վڿУ΢΢üȴûٶֻעԽԽĺ鳤ϣƺڵԼ¡
СŮޣΪֻȱ𣿹վ̫С˰ڱ֪龳ħתħ
ʱɥʧ·߶ħ֮䲻ԲУҪԼƵϾزĺ鳤ϣ͵̧ͷЦ
Լͬ΢һ£ű㿴ͷɰתڣƷϻͯһ㣬ʧȻӲ֪յ
ͺһԭѾҪȥĲţͻȻ֮Ӳ𣬶̾ʯ֮ת䣬ʵ̫ϣĳǸȻɱ΢һ£ӹһ˿š
ζĺԺȻͣ£һֻģ飬ƵĹͭƣ͵ס
߶ˮ¾ͨԡˮ¡գڲ֮صȻһֻħץסˡ
䣡
ľ֮УͶӰڱ鳤ϵ󱬡
ĺԣ˵ħ޴ħ֡ȫ·ˮһˣ鳤Ҳ·þһ˿㣬ҡ˼£ӿеȥ
ͷĺڷת±˰׷


299 ²
鳤û˵׻̫СˣΪųϣʩչħԷԶƽʱʵļƣһʼûչ¶ħת󷨡ȫã֧һнľӣ˭ѾΪǣôϵȻлعⷵһɱﵣ
ģû٣ӵʵҲǳޣˣˮ¾ͨһƣƱ㼱תֱ£ֱӻɱһ˿شĻᶼûС
鳤ϵĻ֮֮죬ֶ֮ݣ׽ʲôŽϼ޻
һı仯ʵ죬鳤ͷݰף̤գӰȴħһ󱬵ʱ򣬹Ԫŷӿĺ͵˷ը
طҲڳϣɻһ㣬ɢ
ϼһ㵽׻ǴˣƺҲ˲ˣ
Զĺ鳤ϣӹһɫ
Ϻ򶨣ȴʼɿظЦһתӡ
СӣܲˣʹʲôֶΣҶһҪץס㣡
Ķҵѱòĺ鳤ϣбһĳ֮⣬עӰ
ֻҪץס㣬һС
Ϣ֮󣬺鳤Ҳ϶ƣ׷ȥ
һΣ鳤ƺڿʼȥһһҹ㣬èϷ󣬱
Ѳעź鳤ϵĶ಻ɰһ䣬ͬʱеʦܣɲҪƭˣ⸱׷ں棬ǴԻ۵⣬ʱпܸ
һ·ϣΨƣûкϹۣסعѡ
ҵȻ֪㣬һʱҲᱻȥ˵ܹ龳ʿŸ֣ǵ֮˭ҪС˭ɵϡҲ֪⣬΢΢һЦдӦ
ʵղŷĿôϵ
ʦ㰡ʦ㣬ǳϿԻңֺγԻֻصø˶ƭȥˣ˭Ҳ뵽ҾȻӵ춦ĵܹԴԴΪãʹڶʱڣ˥ߣ
аЦֻ鲻˵Ҳֻ΢̾һˡ
ǾͺããӦþܵˣ´߾ܿԵ׾ڣ죬үүǱ޵ǡӦæָ·ȷķ
֧ź鳤ȥʱ֮һǰһããĮ֮С
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Ķ죬ǰڵĴһ㣬ෲ˹ȣﻹʿĴڣǷǳÿһܼ֮ڵĴ
ÿһȣʿѳ֣Ը֮˷Ұޣħ߹ʦŵ֮⣬ûսɱ
֮УڵԽʮ֮ңʿǧҲҪʱܶȹ
ͺ鳤϶ҹ̣û˿ͣ٣ܿ˴Į֮С
֮ҹĻ٣һ޼ʵɳ֮У˿˿ȴһ˿ɢڿУḧ΢š
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ûеҫãб㴫˷׺ХӰһǰһ󣬷Ƭû̵ɳġ
ӿ·𼤵һƺƴķ籩ŵɳɣ顣
ɳɳ
ԭһƬ·ȫûڵɳʱտĿˮһ㣬ƴʱԿ¹֮£һֻһֻɳЫߣϡӴܡ
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׷Ҳ֣ᷢǷɶ֮ɢϢѾһ籩
ҵϢʲô˾˵أ
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УɱԲǷйٸ磬ܶʱ򣬾Ŷûа취ҪˣִӣֶνԼ
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ߣҹ£鳤ҲЩ½ʿĴڣǼСüԺԵǳû˿ע⣬ֻСķŽӽʿԼתƼɽǡ
֮⣬Ҳתһ·β棬ƺҪзĸɾ
ҾͲţķ޾
鳤Ϸ·Ѿ֧ƣһ̣ɵЦ
ճ䣬ֹһ죬˷ɳĮããֺ֮С
ĶΪűԺȨĶ츣أԣ󲿷ֵط̵ֺˣһɱ죬˼
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ʵ鳤ϱźģĥ⣬ֺγڴ鳤ϵ⣿׳͵ط˺鳤֮˼ǻԭ㶯õ춦Щֶζûжá
ͺ鳤ƴһڵȴᡣ
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ڣһİʱ֣Ȼ鳤ϵϢ˼֡
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᲻ȦףԵ÷ǳ龳ɲ⣬Բô׾ͻķġ
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ˣʲôУȰ㲻ҪùˣǹԹ־ܰɡ鳤ΪĬû̶֣
־ܣǲܵģȻţҲǸ׸֮㳤ϾͲذ׷ˡˣȲ˵һʣ볤Ϊҽ󡣡ƤЦⲻЦص
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ԭ֪𣿡鳤ϵЩ졣
롣
ðɣȻˣҲûбҪˣԭǡ

鳤ϺȻĵ̾һ·Ҫʼʰ飬ԵɣʱͻȻһ
׵أأ·޲ԹϢľ޴ƾճ֣Ϯ
ߣȻˣͬ׵أϹ⸡֣һĶӰţͬʱһ˿̻Ҳƽسں鳤ϱ
ԭ˱˴˽ӽ˵һЩ޹ؽҪʴ𣬰ȴѽˣ
鳤ϲ֪ʱٻħϵħϮȥҪУܻ֣Ҳ˿·磬Ȼٳ飬Ǳ֮ӽ鳤ϣͼһƵС
˵˵ĲԶǷǳ򵥣ȴǳЧģ͵Ϯ֣ǲŸǾշǷһΪҲӲҪ˵龳ĸ֣ԶŵˣҲҪԿ
˻ͬĿģȻԼͬз̾ͱԷˡ
ʩֶΣԱܿ͵Ϯһ鳤ϵĺɫûвƵϣں鳤ϱġҲ֪Ȥط˹ػǰ
Ȼ󣬱Цˡ
鳤Ͽ¶Цݣ΢΢һ漴һѿ
ϣѾˣĿӣע
ôģһûͷûԵĻ鳤ϲû¶ı飬Ҳûзɫһʵ
˷ӦˣԼͨһЩ˵˳ʵڵУҾͻɹ㣬ʱƽȴֵñģ䣬Һ嶷ȻԼʦţ͸¶ҪΪͽ˼
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˺鳤𽥱ɫټ˵
Ҹղž˵ƽȴӴңðҪҰΪʦⲢѪǹתҵעһ㣡ʱҲֻ𾪺;ܾˣȻû뵽һӣ
ٺԪ̨֮ˡ֮ңӦӶ֮󣬸ǲϧ׷ɱԳϵΪԸССʿ಻֮ҲӦûôѲŶԵֵǣһ·жλ֣ȴûôкüΣɽ׶ݰѣų֣ƺ˵һ㡭ѵĿģҪɱңǰܻ񣿡
һ˵ţһע鳤ϵɫ鳤ɫ΢䣬۽΢ɲ΢΢һµʱҲɵһа̾Լǲµʵˡ
ⳤµܣԼ׷ɱĻ»ܻԼãҲֻˣܽΪʲôһ·Ŷֻ֣ǲͣ׷ϣƺҪԼեһ㡣
ҲֻнƣԼûз֮ȴֲ˴Σ
龳ֵΪСģֻһͣǱͼı֮ʵ̫ҪˣҪҲһ˿һĳ̶ȡ
飬׻ʲô


300 սϣ
ɽХããֺ֮ϣ۵̲纣һͬ鳤ϵ顣
վڶ٩٩̸˿¶ӵ鳤Ϸ·ͻȻ֮䴩ʱգصȥǰԼ
ʱҲһܳϻۣǰ;ԶҲŵһ㣬ӵԼܣС΢ĿԹ࣬գۣճɾ龳Ϊһųϡ
Դ֮Ϊƴﵽ˼ޣҲ޷һǰ㣬ϧܻȡħͬ޼¡
һͣͣǳꡣ
һʼ˶ʤ죬ΪƾԼĿ̿ŬͿԴƿﵽĵԽԽףЩעڤڤ֮УһжռȶĹУԼΪĿ̿Ŭʧ˷äĿá
֮£ϣȥִҷе֮·һҹ֮ͻȻ飬鳤ͻȻ֮䣬͵Եİء
νԹԹߺ͵Եɳħ
ҪɣִܰطƣƿԼˣ
֮󣬺鳤ϱ㿪ʼ飬ܽһԼĽ֣֮Լĸʣȷֻ龳Ǳ֮ʱ䲻ˣȲõɵһҪޡ
һ޷תĽΨһİ취תޣͷ
תԲʿʩչͨ鳤ϲûдﵽȸ磬ֻ˶Σ׼̤һ᫣Ӽĵ·ǾǶ
֮У缫ߵʿʩչһǿΪãͷͨͳͳתƣ൱һȫϣʩչΪ̣Ҫ뱻֮Ԫǿ󣬻Ҫ֮ϣ־ᶨȵȵȵȣ㣬ܿɹ
ǾʩչɹҲû̫洦Ϊ컯һ׷Ѫ֮ͷضԭԼĲΪãǿжˣ͵Լԭȡвξ
ңɹ֮ϣݵӦ¿ʼȥ鷳ҪԲǻһô򵥡
һԣֻ˱ʵʿ֮£Żߵһ鳤ȴԤ㵽ԼʧܣŻҪƴһ
Ϊˣˣһ޵ʵȨתΪִ³ϣҰԼ䵽ĶƫԶ磬ǵǼ֮£ΪľиĻӴеſɫѡ
ڵʱֱϲΪ֣һԲ֮ȥʻãֻҪɹкܴĻԲںϡ
̺ķǳƺԶɵĴУϸǻвٷıܹᣬҲ̳ЩǴһʺơ
ˣ鳤ϻû̶֣ǹභȻԲɫ˽ԣ˺ǱֱʱŽԪ̨壬׼֡
ܴҲܻȻԼµ˱ͼȻˣҲûбҪٱˡҪһãѪ˥ܵ
鳤϶ؿãڣڡ
鳤Ѿǰ飬ǰûʲôܿɱصġ
ҵҲ΢΢һЦ
ʵ鳤˵һе֣ں鳤֮ǰʥŮЩΪ磬ԶԶĸ߽ʿѾԱֳŨȤͬǣϤ࣬ʥŮǿύ鳤ϣɴֱ׷ɱҪᡣ
νĻҲãħҲգ̫õţһɾ͡鳤ϳ
Ұʱ֪ˣòųϷĽңΪԼѾƿȫ֣Ͳѳȥߣ֮ǽͨħҲݲ˵
Ժ鳤ϵĻΪȻ츳ţûճ
Ͳˣ·鳤оһ
ȷ˵֮ת޽Ȼͬһ֮ͨ˲ξֻصĻᶼûУᱻȥּ䣬ܣ˺ð棬ֻͨʿҲˣĶҵϵɴ֮ˣؽصĺɷ
Ϊ˱Щ鷳žǣɴѶ֮ΪɣžȻͨõɷϵǣ񶮵ö֮ˣȷԽԽˡ
鳤ϲڵö֣ӲҪȵ룬Ϊҵڣ˶Ŀº׷飬Ҳ˵ǵӳԹ
ºʧٵġ鳤ϡҲĸ׼һ˵ǣȫ԰ڸǹȥ
˸˼ң˵һоڷۻ뱥ƣľҲָѵ״̬
鳤Ŀվǰġ΢΢һüͷ漴ȴȻ¶ģ׼ˡ
һ֣һѽ˸ķɽմ
ʵ˽⣬ûӻ֮¶ĻᣬˣضҪȶ֡
ȻϵˡһЦ
ȻǶ仯Լ飬һǰһ𷽷ӡȻոֳ
ӡϻеرԶ

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ŵӰ·£Ӳڿ˺ѳȱڣǰѺ鳤˶С
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ڲٿطɽĺ鳤ϴʧɫû뵽ϾȻӵķȻҲ˺ѡ
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շ·צӹ˲谵һ֮󣬷ԲʮȻ죬һһɵĳڵϡ
治ΪȻǷðҲԱʱ춦ˡϲ
Щõûп⶯ãһֱղأΪԶŷضݽߣЩסȥҲɢӰ١
ȻƷʣһֱ޵Уǲܵģںһĸ߽Ҳ˶Զڣʵãһòٿ֮ԶԶ޷á
ܿ㷢֣ƺԼҪãһӰ֣⶯֮䣬ǻӳצѺ鳤ϱˡ
ٴμȴû̷ʾⶡϡ
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ʿȻܹʶӦڣһոսؾʿҲᱻֺ赲ߣ˵Ǽսûһצץ˷ԲգڰӰ۾òˣ鳤ҲɵƤһѸ濴ȥ
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ҲǶһ㣬Ϊ춦飬ȻѾնɣ˽ľ룬붦вѡ
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֮Уٴγ־ɫѷ죬鳤ǱӰȴ˳
ղˮ֮գ˾䷨ţֻ̾Ҫצ˺飬ҲҪԪˣֻΡ
˺յֶΣ൱龳ϵĸ֣ÿһ̺šա⾳Ȼѹס˶Է
ֲʿռеķãⰡг죬иӼᶨ˰Բ״̬Ĵ㡣
ܹ龳ֱȵ˵زҲû뵽ģ춦ȻǵȴսܹӵĹҲǳޣȴͬȻǷðԶʧ÷ӵܻеġ
Ʃ˺գצͬܵķ
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һ׵ϸ֣ϣϣϣпɼĵطȻں֮ͱ˹ͭһɫ⸱Σǡٻħһ㣬ֻǸԼˡ
һݶϼһĻˣһȻ֪ʲôβ²Ѿѡħת󷨡ɣܼӳˡ
Դ˹а죬ʩΪ˵ʲôı仯Ҵ⣬æʩչ׶ݣŲʮ⡣
ڴʱ鳤ϾȻҲŲˣֻӰһѷһ㣬ŤŶ˽ȥȻߡ
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ʱŷ֣ԼվЩ͹ˡʵҲǵ͹ϸǳţ»ûмʶĸ߽ʿټϣԷһֱ׾ûаһֶ¶ؼʱһʹ̾Ǿɱ
ϼ޻û뵽һεԼǸϵ

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һץסԼұۣһֱ۶ܿ죬ϱ۱Żһ㣬ճ˽̿۵һײڵ棬ˤ÷顣
ȻԲпľ괺ı죬ؾ֮Ѫʢϱ˸ǲΪһƤǣǰʹ죬һӰۣע
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鳤ϳƣȣسϱ۲Ѫʱһ
һ𣬵֪˲ٶԼˣԶأֻȶԼ֡
Ȼôп֮ԪˣȴҲʧΪһ˶εĺð취
֮ϣɼһߡ
ҲзȻ⧲֮һצȴѸٷӦһصĶڸϣݺݵħצȥ
ͬʱӰҲ׷Χ


301 ս£
鳤ͻȻ˵ȻУȴԶˮȲ˽𣬵־ŭзɳӰԣҲʳĸĵȻ޷߽һԣȴҲ˻ıܣˣŭһŶ۷Χ鳤ϡ
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ݺݵһ𶯣壬˲ͱ鳤ħצƲֹۿҪؿڣȥһƿ

Ӱһ⣬ϣȴһţԼס
ʯ֮䣬鳤ѷˣͷİ׷ſ衣
ħΧħ١
գϼһȻ֣üЩذ̾һ
龳Ԫ񣬶ҷͨȻЩ³ʿƥеģʦرӣֻھ⵽ˣҪٳүү͸ҵطһ֮ɡص˵
ˣֱطΪףǲҪ˷ΪáңطԸٶһҲ˷ѡĻвɵӿһ󵭵ĸж
У鵭İ£ŻðԼĶڱϣ˴ط٣ȴɶõģҲӦүүֻǺͶԷ£طҲδܹԿ˾˵ǰװ˷Ѱˡ
⣬ν֮ء
Ҳ֪Բ飬Ĭˡ
ʱ򣬺鳤Ҳѿ̲ǡһηЦһ۵ħУγһ͹γ
Լɣ˱ۣͨīԼɼһ̵ĺϣ󣬴д˳
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ſ壬ԼΪĳȴԭһ޴ĺᦣԭΪǹˣֻǺûչΰˡ
ڻչ֮ʱԹаѪȵϢд˳ʱ֮䣬Բﶼ˼֣գҲа
·ֺ·һ㣬ʱɼֱӡ
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ֻ֮гҰݹŵѵһĶĸأΪ棬ǧȴǳ÷ݴСģŴȥѱֳȡΪ
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ֻͷ­ᣬȫ£ͻȻըѪ⽦֮УѪӰӱըĵطӿ̶̼䣬˷׷ȥ

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һͣʱֺ϶䲻ʱɼбӰֵķޣȫԿµٶȸɿȥʱ䣬ӰѪӰҷ裬Ѫ
ֵǿؿЩϣɿѪĭЩѪĭ缴ѪӰ֮УԭͷѪӰ·һ㣬ѸپǴ
һĻͺЩ˱ϸ˺иܿ죬бѪӰϯ飬ոüһҽУ㶼ȥ
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ԶаΪѪƣ䱾һּΪϸСѪ棬ֳѪӣרʳѪΪǲľޣ߳ϣӵѪ⣬Ƕʳһ޷ϣǾȫʬˣ
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ѪӼ΢С϶ҪǧٱһСѪӰ֮У̺ųǧǧҪСⶫǵǿǱˣηޱҲ⣡
˵ҲǺȺ飬֪صĶŹ㲩ļʶͷḻҪ˱˵ĵ汻Ҳ֪顣
࣬һ˼ƶ̣˼ƳпԻʱǵµá
˵֮䣬ֶ֮䣬Ƭǣ𣬡ƻƴתԶ֮߶ܿﵽǿķ״̬
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ʧȥĿѪӰʱӿ·һòϡ

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ȻЩѪ̣һʱҲյ蹦򣬵һֱ֮סҲԲˣ󣬻лľһе鶼޷ѣ
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ʲôֹ˷ĸ֣
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֮Уޱȿֲ˷أ·ֺʵѪ֡
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ˡ֮ۺ֣û޵еĴڣǺų֮ĺҵҲ⣡ҪƽʱԵޱȣʲôҲգһЩˮȴκβõģҪܵǵĿơ
ܲҵǣ鳤ӵеˮһ֣Һ鳤ϾΪԶʤܹȫãԸʿֱ׾١
Ҳ龳Ϊõɣƾޱͨз֮٣ԱҲ޷˿˵ʲôҲ̫ˡ
أһžȼյĺҵѹƻصڣѪӵбһٿش˻츳һ±ѹƣҪܵˡ
ȻûܵɣʧȥҵӻԭѾ˵Ѫʱ
ȫʱɿʧľ޷ֵһ̣ѪⱻɣͷҲʳɾ֮ʱ
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Ȼ׶֮ûңСɾ綼ûдﵽܹӶݳȥȴҲʧΪһ
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ӣۼٴμ鳤𣬼æ׷ͬʱѪ׷ᡣ
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302 ֮ս
һеȫֱᣬ飬ףͣʹǧĸоӿ
Щʩչ״ݡĺǿд߶˶Ѳظ᧿Σ
յĻյѪӣЩѪһĺɫ棬ÿһֻô΢ƾһȴӵ춦Թ֧ţֻѱƳˡ
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תѪУĸûЩ˾ͻˣҲ֪鳤ϼʲôȻܹӰ쵽ǡ
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鳤ϵֶβÿʩչͨ߼ҵӦ֮ʾĵ̣״Ҳܹƽ⣬ʵԶԶϡ
ĶԽԽ˼ά·Ҫͣ١
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ղűѪȥٷԪˣƬ֮УҲ˲ϱˣ˳þȫ֮ܺϡ
¡֮Уһһ޹Ƕѣʱеһɣ͵ķʱࡣ
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Ȼʱ鳤һӣһŰ׹˳
Ű׹⣬ͺһֻƮԹ飬Լ֮УԼһӰŲƾվ

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ԶŶ˳ص̣·ܴиܵŨĻҳ࣬ɿݵϢܡ
ȻǸղͭħֻħûɺ鳤ϵòЦ

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˵ʣһƲл꣬Զɵĸһ˵顣
ƽʹǧҲδܹ˵鳤ϣΪʧȥǳ֮Ǹ߽ʿĶ֣Ǵ˿̣鳤֮Ǳ˽ʵһƣˣ
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ͻȻʶԼƺʧˣԭܰնɱϣƺһ޲ɼľٶǸղŲԴ˷ðҲء
ԽԽʹ˺֮УԼڼʧħ鳤˸һ£ȻһѪʹ巽Բľ޺Ƕˣ̾ڹ⣬һϷȥ
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Ҳ޷֧ţغ۾ش˫֣״æƽڵأʵˣ
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ȵȣʦ㡣Ҫ׼뿪æе
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ڸһңܰƬҸղſߵôæֻѪƵľᦡ
ڴǹֵ⣬಻΢һ£˰ɣҲ֪ȡ££ֻҪһӡ׷ٶ
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Ȼ춦Ѿ޸ԪǿֻͷҲǷȻô㱻ûĵȫֱӱֶҺҵֱѲյøɸɾ
ʱȻûһ˿ǲĴڣ鳤вص壬Ҳֻͽ޹Ȼô˷˲پֻҪܹ٣ֵá
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ʱ֮뿪鳤ϼսĻ֣ĺԭ
´ޱȵĻããҰУһĺԻΣͣڿз裬Х
һ˼ĵطޱߵĺܰ˵ѪҺᣬŵӣҲо˿˿Ϯֻ߶Ԫֵܵ
඼ʿηĺ䣬Խ룬ԽоطĲͬ
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ǴΣڲһ£ҪүүңΪأ˵²һಡ
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Щ˿ϣȻһЩѪӣȻʱŵо
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ȵƻָ긴ԭһ̣㽫ٴʱڰ׵֡
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Ҳŵȣ㣬裬褵ΡСӣҪָ֪֪ʲôʵشҡ

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ˣʦܣʱͲҪװˣʵҲ֪ʦ⡭
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أֱͶұֺԼһĻ

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׷Щ֦ĩڣúðǰԵ֣ܵüˣ򸴺
Ҳǹһѣ䣬ԣԼЩ鰮ˣԭ˺ߵһȫǿԵģԵ÷ҲԵ
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ǶǼΪЩ鲻ȻҲ֪һѣ˴֮ĸοˣԺ£໥֣ѹء
ѾѪѹһˣǳҲܴӦѸӦҵϢǣûв´ĻѾʼż·׷ˣǼ̶뿪ɡ˵
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304 Ѫ
˪죬Х
̹ǵ˻֮ǱѩããһƬ
һķѩԭϣһâƿն˳գᶨƵȥ
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صΣ總֮ң겻ɢ
֪ʱȣҲ˿и붦Уȫ춦С
ԭʼԪΪ֮ˣǶʮԭʼԪȫȬֻϧϵѪӲǴˣѪƲ£˹ѹƣһʱ֮䣬
Ҳ֪ǳʲôȻ֮ħаҪųϵ٣ҶҪΪħ˻ˡ
뵽˴ɰԿЦ
ҲûʲôֵģħͬһԴֻչŻ֣֮ûġ
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Ѫһֱϣֻ»Ϊ׷ٵӡǣ취ǡʦ㣬ʶ㲩뵽ʲô취ûУʵ
鳤ʩչѪʱϳ˴˹ƵȴֻǴӹż֮пƽ֮δ֪ࡣ
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ֻȡˡֻϧʦûаѺҵң԰Ѫ֮УС
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ȷţƺ￴ôһ񲻵ڶϾںĵرĿܣȻҵǺ𣬵ҲĻ
˵ĵرΪһķţΪ˼Ҳ˼ҡҡͷ
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һŰɷˣΪȴҲͨ˱һ£Ҳ԰ЩѪȫپ
˵ţ㿪ʼߣһִ֮֮Ҳնֻοѣе˶֪ȴûеƣֻĬĬ·
춦У鶯ͶӰ֮ҲԪ˵ľأϴɶһе˲ԶŵѡһԤãʹ͸ˣԹǻӻ
Ƕȫƴһ߱ãΪԪ
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ЩĵζˣɫҲ⼸գҵľʼղⲻҪЩи
ǵȻ׶ֻǧǧշĵȻҪԺľиʱ֡
ȥˣһҪ취װᶨص
ˣȴҲûʲô⣬ϾΪͺ鳤ȣʵ̫ԶˣĲ࣬һʱܸıġ
˼Ƭ̣ڵһҹҲֻ뵽һ취֪ûá
ʲô취΢΢һ
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飬ʵΪֱɣû˿ǻۿԣ൱ͯ׷ϷһͯûѰңҸصĵط
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ȻѲˣǾͲ뷨ǲǣȥĵطЩյ˵
Ķż඼Ѿ˷ˣר̸˴ҲܲµǵͼֻѰϴһɶС
ֻ֪ȴ֪취ſС
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Ҳ֪ǲܵģԶԷִ³ϵݣյϢԱĵͽʿҪ࣬ż֪Էȴ֪ĵ
취ҲУֻмӿٶȸˡ΢΢̾һ
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һΣɸ̽գ棬ǼΪӴģӴĲƸֱڶûȫʮͨ״ݣԼò
˵һżõС׷ֱڲ𣬵ҲΪ档
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ͨԶŵ伮̶ȲһõĻȫãֻһƪϾҲпܣЩƪҲֻֻƬ
伮ÿһŴǳĿ׷ԶġԶŵҲһ㣬֣֮洫ٴ֮ŵ׷洫ش׷˿Ϊ档
һƾѪܵ׷ȡѪһ⻯ȡѪĶѣǿĿǿҲһΪֻ΢ķҪʹǿСܹͨʹ֮ɳҲˣϾʿһ־ѪɵĿܣʣǶ£Ҳû̫ɳĿܡ
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Ҳмߵ÷ڱ뵽Ȼǳϼ޻ѪӷӡϣβƾͼƣЩѪӷֿоһ˵ֻҪܹѪܣҾͿԻǧԻԷֻ뵽ĥҵ־ͷʮþȣףȴû뵽䣡
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չȥڿеͻȻһıƳһɾѪʮעС
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ȴ᲻еԵʣܹҲֻʮȻЩһֱ񣬵ԪٶޣҲһӻ
Ҳ׷ļ֮ˣѪܷһģ㱻٣Ҳ޷»ع鱾ˣһķԽ࣬ıҲԽƽС
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ûа취һ£±Ǯƭǳϵģϼ޻û㹻Ϣױֳܷ١֪Լһůĵؽ͵
ಢǷŮӣô˵ʱ㲻Ȱˣֻǵλصףүүö鵤ɡ
ûлػʩչ׷һһľѪܷ˳ȫڶС
ʱ·һ֮սһ㣬Ϣвԭﵽ۷ʮҲֱӽʮ⣬Ҳ̶á
ξ㲻ҲԪˣܹӳ죬һжֵõģ
ţҲڷԭǰһƬдеĻ֡
Խ룬ɽɶɡһ·Ҳٵɽ壬ǳأʿֻ֪׷ϵʲôҲҼЩİ·ˣֻܵûп
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ǧϢ֮䣬ѪӵԽԽûС
дһ֮ͻȻ춦Լڣ΢ϹԶȥ
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ں鳤ϵĸӦ֮УϢͻȻһΪͬķȥ
ѪӡǣѰ֮޴ƽ⣬ҲûиĿܣôһܷ飬ȴطˡ
񾳵ΪȻ޴ӷֱϢ١

鳤ϵУ¶Ѫɷһɫŭȼա
ȻҶ޷ֱ٣ֻƾֱѡˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôطһΪļ󣬵Ǻ鳤ϼʶ㣬ûг׷۾ĸ֮䴫
˳ָţأ·Ӱһ㡣
ٶ֮䣬ƺ̲ŷǳµ֮һεϢɢȥ뵽Ķ֮С
ڤڤ֮У·ǧǣְ׷ݶΪŸ˿ۣɿЩ˲Ϣ֮׷·ϵʩչͨĺ鳤
޼̫̫ǣԡ㣬ռ֮ݱ׷ԴƳ
ȻһŸͨݷ򣬲
ǧǣ֮£Լ·𿴵ˣڤڤ֮еָӰҲޱȵسԺ֮СӦӰһ̣𣬷¶ֲţԭЩɵ飬Խ
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ʦԲ磬Ӧڤڤ֮ԼصָӦΣԸߴܹףǰӦס
ָӦܣΪ֮ɱΪ߸޴ӻ֪пܱ󵼣жϡ
鼸ܷں鳤ϣ鳤֪ԼΪ̫ˣҲأͷ޷ĳ̶ȣôܱ󵼣
׻ʲôȻʩµĹƶܷðѵͲǷð⻯ԶųĿ֮СӣҲ֪ôôķ֧ţ
鳤羪ܿµ֮
Ⲣ©ʵǿ֮֮ʩչҲ̫̣ǻͨʿûеô
ۻ룬ǵǹˣڴΣ֮ʣȻҷƿܣǲϧԪ˵ֳע֮ϣһܹѵȥҲҪ깦пһ겻񣬴ӴΪƽӹš
ܣֻ³˵ӣǾžޣҲӵҲȫģ
鳤еԻ벻⣬ʵ̫ˣ޷ͨΪʲôһ㡣
һ·ֻʮΪῡ壬ȴ΢Ҳû̫⣬׷Ĺ۲죬ַ֣ƺŲٵܣԼҲûлѧ׶ݾѧرҲмԲ֮գû˿¶ӡ
һжʾţʵԶԶûô򵥣ҪԼľΪԶԶѹĻ¶еϮһأսϲεʿ
ˣֻܶһˣСֻ³ʿˣʲôƣҲɡ
뵽˴鳤ҲɵӲͷƤһ߷ȥ
¶ģȫ׷һ֮̽㡣
鳤񾳵ĸ֣ȫԸٱʵʱٶȶؼӿյ蹤⣬׷һӦϢܿ죬㷢֣ԶĵطϢٴһΪۡ
ȻһΣ
鳤һ£̱Ĵ㡣
ƵľѪܣֻһߣֻ׳һߣȴΪԻ鳤ϣ¶׷ʱѾԯޣ޷أҲ˱ڣȷķҲٴιʼʩ
֮УֻҪʧгϣܳѳȥ
Ȼľٶȫ鳤룬ÿֿһΣֱʮκͻȻ֮䣬Ϣʧ١
鳤϶ͣþõԶɫ˼㡣
һİҶ֮УʯأһƬǽ壬о޴ڵۣ£߰Ѫ͸ʯڣʾովһҵɱ
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ȴһֻ¥СҰŶҶڣʱʱ̽ͷҪȴʼղŶ롣
⽩֮УͻȻʹԼͬذͷ̧Ե¶һ˿֮ɫŤͷҶŵɽڣ֮Уһ쳣ķϢӿ˽
һһޣԲ磬൱ʮԲޣѿǣӦɷϢֵ˲䣬ǡɫ䡱֮ͫеѸٱ˿־塣
һԥԶȥҲವһ˲ܵУֱҶȥ
ȻȴɣǸӦǹϢͷɵ˶Ϸڴı
ȴһ΢ɲϹ⣬ӰڿУһӰ
ɫ㲣Ϣ鸡ȴʿ·Ǹոսı״Ӻ鳤׷ɱ֮ѵ
˿Ѽ;ƿݣȴһظı飬԰׵Ҳ¶ɵЦ⡣
׷ɱô죬ܣӳ졣
Ѳ
뵽һ·ļЩ£ܿ죬תΪޱȵš
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ֻҪƿߵΣǳıҲҲ
ɣʦ㡣һϹ춦е࣬˳
ʦܣڳɹˡһ·ľѪϼ޻ҲҲˡ೯Ž¾ߵҶһۣ漴ջĿ⡣
ĺޣضǣĺӶԻǿĹȴû˿Ӱ죬¸ɴӶˡ
ֻûüߵĴ˳ıϣʡʱʡ
ݣȫУһ̣ˣһΪ˵ĴԵ
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ѿǵ֪ʿŮⱳ˶ǺʦҲˣƾԼ޵ǿδز֮һս˶Ѿﵽ죬Ǳ㲻ԼԶԸˡ
Υǵ˼СΣڵϦûҴĿܡ
ʶȤҲڿı
ʦܣ㲻ҪɣоϢƽɲ಻Щǵʵ
֪ǣ˵ĳ̶ԶҪصö࣬ӵֻʣˣҲǻʣô򵥣رеԭʼԪĻᣬںЩʧˡ
ĵ֮ǻָԪ塣
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֮Уٴ¶Ҫүү󵤣ҽ˼
΢΢һЦûоܾĺ⣬ȴȻ춦һԭʼԪץʱ
δѪӣȻҪĵģȻȴʮѾ԰ѹѪ·ܣԼתĺ֣ҲЧǵ
ֻҪ׷֮ڣӦòٱ¶١
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ЩƲ֣ڵϣ˵ʲôҲˡ
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ëǱͽпۣٷˣЦһҲ֪췲ȻǿҲһֱôȥٲϢֻ¾Ҫˡ
һץһ֮ԭʼԪӶз˳ָһƲ
ȵؿϹԼȻ֮䣬ůϢ֫ٺʮǰԼʳһö
ǡ
ϣʼϵϢҲԽǿʢ
Ȼһ˲䣬ͻƵʮشԲˡ
ԲԲֻһ֮ȴ̥ǵı仯Ӵ֮Ҳﵽ˺쾳۷壬Ϊ֮еߡ
ȻҲԼٽͻƵԵʣȫ൱ʦľʮ깦ôһССֶͻơ
񣡡
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֮ٴ̣ȴûгǰѴյ˶Уʹ͵ԭʼԪԹ̾硣
ҲԹԵشڶʿҲֻǰԼܹʱʱõʹֶͣΪأ
⵹һԵˡ
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ڵˡʶĹ⣬ϲãȻҲƣֱүүǱ޵ǷɰɣôѶӣҲҵҰ
ĻУ͸ľǶԼΡ
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ԣ΢΢ص˵ͷ
Ķִƣ֪Ǽʱ֪ǳ칬ĵӣЩ֣ѿ
ȻŵȲЩ꣬ʮ꣬ϰ꣬׷ݵԶɹҹУҲ˵ʮĵͷˡ
үүųϣΪϣύѣҲ洫ӺͳϣǺ鳤ϵһ֪֮㲻׷


306 ֮Ҳ
Ⱥɽ֮УһƬƽ̹ͻأسǰ·˰ɽƽֺͳ˾סƽԭ
ƽԭ֮ϣ¥ǳ岼ͳһƬ׺쳾
׽ϿռһŴѶֵֽ޻ȼϢ˲֪η
飬ŶȻһЦ߰ɡ
ִ׾ڷգͻȻ֮䣬·ĳǳط׹⣬Ŀ⿴ȥȴ취ŵģŵƵʿ߷
֣˾㶼ΪҲһٵ£ŵӵУɳ֡
ȻҲֻһĸֶѣ⣬ԼûԪˣƾ춦ر״ŶҪһжսʤǣǴ´࣬ͬУѾˡ
֮䣬˱㵽˽һվڿУǰ๫
ңүүүүڴվ˵
๫Ѿ죬ΪʿˣΪײʿһ˵ԱߵһˣҲ¶ϲɫֲܴţôһˣϽύͬţ
үүүүѾˣλҪ˵һġУ˳ʦˣһš˵
˽̸֮УҲûȻһк׵ˣһɵˣǴҵĹүүδɵʱһ֧ĵſˡǴ׵ļҹ棬ӢӵɾͲܷңӵзַأü幩ȨǴΪλΪ˸ɡ
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΢΢ص˵ͷ䲻ȵعֵλǰ
׵˺ɵһ£Щˡ
ȻûŮҲûнĵķ⽨̣ŮʿǺ׽ģ̬ܣȻһͬŵĹϵ
ֻ²ֻΪŰɣ
ʮǰ๫ֻһСŮޣȴѳˡ
òĵˣЦ
λүүȡЦңɫ΢죬ϲص
׵˺ɵ˶һۣЦ
๫Ƕĳƺȴ΢΢صһ˿
Ϊ飬֪ϾӵܣӵзǷ츳ţҲû˻ݷŹߣƽնűơ
׵˺ɵˣȻʱڴҵˡ
˫վ̸һ󣬺׵˺ɵ˱Ȳ˽ȥˡ
ȥģһƻֺǣԺͥʯޣƣһоǰϾ֮
ʱ֪ĸ׻˷Ȼ쾳磬Ϊ洫ӣȴͳǴñ
үү嶣ǴһΨһﵽϾ龳֣֮Ǳޡ
๫飬үǰ֪ˣ˵ֱͨӽȥɡ
֮󣬺׵˺ɵ˵һȻһա
үүүүʱǸʱҲгס¶ɻЦŽ͵ȲҪˡ
˵ͷŶ»ĺūŮϲغ˳๫ˡ
ЩūŮ֮УΪ׵ɰŮ˹ϲ½е
ѽ๫Сϲ
СĶ
ϲĶǻУŮ֣෴ǳһҲϲˣ֮ǰʹȥȴǲԸ뿪ֻԸһ
ǰǵϲôϲֻԸ̹
ĶҲǣԺңҪˡ
λŮ˵
ǴС߷̵ˣô᲻ҪأɵѾͷ˵
ܸжæԿο
״ɵЦЦλСһ̵ֱŮˣЩ˼ңһʱϳӭͽᣬôɵѾͷ
ɵӶ֪λǰ;С湫ĸҪ˼ҵǧС㶼ҪôԸųȥ
ֻŰοǣʧƫģˡȻǷôãٻеģҲ˵⡣
ظүѾˡʱһ룬˸̫࣬ɫһ
ϲĶԼ󣬶ʦܣҼҵˣǽȥɡ
˵ͷ
λ̫һûע⵽ֻݲʣΪ̣ڹʿѣǲùʵġ
ȵڽгʦܡʱ̫֪ԭһλ͡
̫಻ɵڿе֣ľ亹Ȼ󣬵ˣȻҪʲô̺ڣһЩūӭӾͿˣйݰ٣İţǼΪʧġ
ȫͻ˿ˣȫԼ
ʦܲˣδҲר͵ģȽڵľ˰ɣȥס࿴̫һ˵
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ϲĶֵؿһۣȻҲʱע⵽ǶǼΪū֮ȻҶ췢ʡ
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΢΢̾һ
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һֱǰڼõ칬ʶ鵤ؼˣչڱټЩԼ幱׾޴ˣЩҩ
һ֮УõһöɵɵѰ鵤ûһǵ˷ʳ޷ãд󺦣öɵ㱻֮ڵȵүүܹöɵҩ˲ſʼĹۡ
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ū˥ܼʢĹ£û̫ͬܵĴ֪ñһ˥裬Ҳµˡ
ǴӸԶ֮ǰҴжǸʱ滹ֻһͨʿȻа˰Ԫȴû̫ܹǵҲǳޣ֦ɢҶ֮󣬶ڸּҵĹҲǳϡ衣
ǣһЩʱյķչ׳֮󣬴ױһңзּӵܳչǱޣ췴ԭڼһ屻´λ䵽ãɽһɽˮعš
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Ե˷ַ֮ɵһ£˵ף裬ԡٹѡ
֪ȥҲףΪʲôһ˥䣬ȴܹɵ㷭飬öɵһĲҪǴ׻嵨̣ŴҪˡ
һ˵ӣȴֻҪǵãͿԣʦڵĵϵȴɳܣҪǺһ㣬Էĸ׵Ǹ֧
ŶԭҺңȻԨԴ
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ɿģǸ׽Ĺϵֱֻϵ֮ĴУĴС
ղ˵һƳ䲻⣬ʵϣ⣬Ҫ֣ú֮Ĺϵ
ͬʱҲǰʾһ˶ѱ׻ҺͲãɽ޴ѹ̧ͷˣԴүү֮󣬻ҷǡ
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Ҳ֪Ǵ֮ˣ϶ܹø׺øеģټʦܵݣʦ㣬ֿȵĺ򲹣Ů֮ҲϣΪ桱
ڽĻ棬ġ
Ȼĺ鲢ûгã׹ԶշʿϢ
ʱӰڰ׹¶μȴһʶˣʿ
ɫʱϲãڴ֮ͬʱҲЩɻ֮⣬ƺ⣬Ϊʲô˻ʱ
׻ĺһΣҲ
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ô˵ҵУ·ƫߣŴȻҵʦ㣬ǾͲҪҲˡкâһ


307 
Ƭ֮󣬺Ҳ˵µ࣬ӹһ죬ȴǾŭʵе˭
ʦ֣ǲϴ̽ʱʦһֹ̬ƺһ㡣Եһʿ
һ£ܿҲϵȷ½ĵӣһ࣬һ
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ܿ죬ǰ
㣬㲻ڰ׻úôţʲôྯص
ʦãƤЦⲻЦĿɨⲻʦôҲڴ˵أ
ļңȻΪ˰ݷļˡͬһЦɫظı˶ĳƺͬʱ§֫ϣ·Я檽̤ࡣ
΢ȫû뵽ʱԼܵľٶϾһֱһѧĺ嫺֮УԳŮ֮²ԡ
ʱɣǷԼ仨⣬ȴˮ飿ֻߣֻҪԼΪ£ȡ˫֮棿
һ̸֣ܵеά֮⣬֪ʱΪȴҪк֪
ͨһ㣬Ҳ飬󷽷Ե÷ǳܡ
䣬ȴʵҺͶϣϼ˫ޣһң£ֻұʿȻ˴£ҲҪĸɶ׼ģλ׼ף֡ǺʦкιɣŶˣʦֺλʦַ糾ͣ޷֮պ·˵ذɣȻˣұ㲻ˣɡ
һɫ죬û۵һЦ
ֻ֪ϳɣȴ룬Ҳ˵ôһ̱Ļ˵֮£ʺкιɣֱǳĴҪѿ
ţȴ˿Ϊ˶ףг죬̲סҪһá
Ϊ֣̲סҪڸͣøֶˡ
ڵĺңǴҴͳ壬֮ǰżȻ֮࣬ʱΪˣҪȢΪޣֻ޺øУʾãҲֻ˾
˳һ꣬ʼ޷ֶ֣αԽԽѲˣʼļˣٵ;Ӣ۾ٵ꿡壬ͨ岮ͼӲϹȡȡġ
පģǷ죬رܹ˽٣֪飬ŭõն͵ķʾҲΪˣӴޣҪŪ֡
ʱ໹ֻһͨĺʦȻλ磬ȴͬ޷ƿԼˣΪ˱ٴ߽崫ͳٳ£ԽңԶﵽȥ
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ھǴҲûбҪˡ
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ҽ˭ūţūţѵ˵𣿡ЦʲôҲѧ䳰ȷңҽ֪ʿǿΪΪ۷ʦ֣ոսķƵģ
ʶ࣬һʶֻԴ˴ԣϢ鸡ǸδȣʱµֻǸոս첻ãڶûɡ
νţҲ˶ѣ
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Ҳ֣ôܣڶˡ
ղϢ鸡һ½ʿģûмӣȴ뵽ԷǲԼ֮µĸ֡
䣬ûʲôܣΪʲôԣ˵ţȻղһ㣬һץ
з·ˮһȦۿɼĹ⻪бȴǺһöָ΢΢ɢͨ
һöԿŷĽָѵõķͷ
ƣ
ɫһ鳤ϴս֮ʣȫӿһֻγɵɫҲݺݵץˮ֮ϡ

ˮ·ɵƤָץ룬͵һ˺
һɫӭ
ĳһȴѪ֮գֻ֮ɵɫƳ·ѩ޺ۼ
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һ˲ͻϮ·紵ɽԭܿסȼһæ㷨ۿˮս£һƬ
Ϊ֣˷֮䣬ȫͣҲܺõƿУתеݻӵ쾡¡
һϵĻ棬Ǿ֮ûаԼܵʪ͸˳ЦðлȥһĿ
ֻǣһƺѾ̫ˣһʱѱվͷȥ룬ð̣ԵޱȻ
꣡Ҳ޷ͣ죬Ц
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ūҲҳЦңѰ·ҲǾȡһмķɽһɭɭشЦ
ûлػŭزٿŷɽ·ҪʬΣܽڶֱ֮һֱù£ŭƽϢ
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ڴǲҪ̫Ϊáص
ǴҪɱϣҪȻôһпţҪʳѰ˵
Ҳеֻ飬̾һȴ˵ȥˡ
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ο˵ң֮±ֱӸϹˣȫûаݷ˵Ĵ㣬ȴû뵽·ɱôһϲ£֮

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֮䳣̸۵˫ޣĬҲˣʱȻʧЦԭƽߣʵȴǵⲻѣҪúúүүȡô
һСֺ˵ֶΣӢ䣬ǹ£ҲȻҪתȻ̰֮֮飬㷢СֶΣĳлδɶ֪ôƽôࣿ
嶸ֶЦһ֮ģ㿴ĳŮɵҲԺЦһģվ
ˣСҺ⣬ǵҲֹܿ԰˰ɣ취鷳ǰľϸ˵һ˵ЦŶ˵ƳһԵ㻹Ÿʲô
ֻ߹ȥصʯ£ȻԪ̨Թִ³ĪϮҪ˵˳Ǵ˺鳤׷һҲû
˼ǣ˾˻꣬оһ
ǳϵȷͨԶҵƥС˵ͷ
ֹܹƥУֱǾһֺ֣Ц治֪Сʲô˵Ȼɹʧġ״ݡѧᣬŶڣֻˣ龳ʿͨģ
ɫ֮ЩΪȻһȻ龳ʿҲͽᵤʿһ㣬ŵȣ˵Ԫ䵽󱲵ӵĵزҲʲôϵ̨ˣܹȻҲޱȵˣһЩʲô
˵ţָſֱӰ֮ϡ
ҪҶҿϳѪӣûʲôñ˰㻹֪Զŵţ˹֮⣬ʩҲóġ
ֻòʩΪ
嶱ĿһȻЦһֳ˻ֻͬʱģһŨҲѪָ֮Ťûɸι״ޣ׶
һɼŨζд˳
Ѫӣ㻹ѪƣζؿһۣһԽԽ͸ˣ˵һ·׷Ǻ޻ֻ֮ڼطʱŵֵһ󣬵ֱڶǹգա
ЦһҲûػҵϾϾ츳ʵڲ״һ㽻ղ߶ҵƳþҲǽлķΣûۼҵˣһʱ֮ҲԱϳ
֪ӦԪˣ־ѶԱ֣˵йôãѱɴֻħʱһۣҲѻָˡһʿȻӵж֫ı£շͷΪ棬ҲѪδˣûһҲָܻ
ϵֿ֮²ʲôررɣСŮޣ㻹Ǿľ
ȻҲһ㣬Լµرʵ


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ȷû춦ҲûԭʼԪ岻ôָĵķҲԻָӵ죬ҲһڲϣΣ˾Ԯ
֦ĩڣһֱ˺ҵѹѪӣЩǲΪˡ
嶲µʵ֮󣬼鲻ƷϣҲΪͣҲû׷ʡ
һѾõѪӣλӰһ顣
ʧͻȻһ˿춼ûзת۱ˣɸ߽̾ʿȻǸ߽ʿӵеͨܣԶԶԼԱġ
Ѿϵٵ׷ٵˣѪԼа취ɣջ֣˵
үүͻȻڵ㲻ǻ徫ѪƵѪԪЩǲϵҩöԣ²
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û뵽ô
Լүүֿ죿кã˰ﵽЦţСŮ״ҡ嶵󣬿嶳һģĵܵһ㣬ôһ󣬱̲ס֡
СǰЦЦɫŹ֣ڿЦƵģɵַյ˺ˣˣ˵Ůаүүϵ׵ģֻвһöѪԪ󵤣ʮöһһ룬˰ɣ
ѪƾѪܣٹעķǳ޴󣬲ҪȻ֮󣬻ͺһȥͷʵϣѪ˥ܣ˼㡣
ͺһԲľ֣ոսؾȻ֮죬ޱȵǿ󣬵ʿУȴӤһС
ʱָȻӤȴȻǴһĲˣʶʿܲ
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嶿ϽѪԪ󵤣Ҳϲ⣬û뵽һˣ̵ĺô
Ȼ춦ԭʼԪܲõҩʹ졣
СӣǳԶŮ϶ҪҩɣСҲܣҹҶϣлû˵ȴɫؿд
ʦܣүүһڰв˰ɣҪСϲݣöҩҪһ㡣ղҲû˵ʵǵǧöѪԪ󵤵ģȻƭ˵ֻвöһֻʮö´лᣬ취ȫŪ֣
ƺţæҲŴ
ˣзͨҲҪ취ŪһЩ֡ǰҾҪһЩҷһЩǰȴʼղϣ˵òϣѾ죬ѾʽŵӣôҲõˣ
⡭ⲻðɣ
ûб嶵вţǱˣûʦ㣬Ҳôһ档
ʱ⣬Ϊʲô嶲ϴ͸ˣԶ嶵ֶΣҪһʱӦһ٣ٱԺַҩ¶ˡ
ңŮһʱ嶯ѺҪ´
ʲôõģүүˣòŸһЦ뿪ЦصҸҲûʲô岮ֵ쾳磬үүһŲҺ͸׵ģ
ʱĿ࣬޻˵ˣֻԺĪĻϵ׳ҪͿա
ҲдݣҲ͵ֻװ֪һȻˣЩѪԪ󵤣ָѪɣ龳ֵ鲻صģָ˵ϵ£ߣһŵҲ۸Ůһ˹ȥģȻҵĲֲ񣬵ʰһСɫǴ´ࡣ
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ԣֲ󣬵ʰһСɫǴ´ܹ࣬ܣУһСɫ
ʱٵԼߺ󣬽۾˳ԿǱ㰲ʯס˵סʵҲҩ춦ԭʼԪָܿˡ
ȻҲ˼һүү̣ȥˡ
˼죬ɿָڳ׻صԪ̨֮ʱֻһʱ֮ӱŬҲָֻܻһСֶѡ
ʮĵУȥٶ಻ͬն
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Ҫҽᵤİأ漴ϲ
ᵤİأʲôŵ˵൱ڷеҴؾȻھ޽УҲ˵¼ļֶ֮һˡ
ΪӴΪǸڶࣿΪɢǰ;һеĹؼڶЩص¢ϣ
ʵͨؾţְ壬ֵףΪ۵ĶΪǲɵһ㣬꼴ģ෴Щ޳¼ΪֻҪֹһΣʿпѧΪʲôʼɾӣͷѪ
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ʵҲԣȱ¢ϵİأ㴫˵ĵȻԼ˲ˡ
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嶿ɫЩ·˽ȥʮ޿ȴղһ㡣


312 ãɽ
ʱܿ쵽ʮ֮
ʯ룬ĵӿ֮˾ͺƻ͵Ĵ¯һȼգҵʲô
ĵ֮У½ٵһμѪ⾫ͷʶ飬һͻԽԽԽԽ峺
·ܹоһȼУŷ츲صı仯ԭѾ̺Ϣ취غΪһ塣
壬Ȼ
ܵһ˿ںϵɵ۾¶һ˿ϲ֮⡣
ʿķ飬Բ컯ԳУˣӵϢԣʹǲںһͺͬͬ£ͳһȴվͬһ㡣
νһ壬νֵͬģν־ɳǣںһ
嶴塷طǿ˵ʤͨһž֮ݣȴΰԼķһ壬ںϡ
ԺĶΪû֮⣬ƶٺ
ֲҪȱָ̫񣬷һţǷҲ쾫Ĵڡ
Ѫŷе֮ԪǴƣ飬һš
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ķȻˣȴûʧ˵ǰ֮ʱзȭͷСİɫţôڣͷС
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һޣ̫࣬ȴˣʩչͨҲܴﵽߵĲΣ
ܿᵽһ仯
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ͷһ̵ܽģ
ʵЩӣ嶲ǰԪ̨壬ҪŮ鷳ʯϷ鳤ϮһУȫΪ˻סʹܾõĪĺô
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֮һǰһɽ
һƬɽէһȥƺߴ󣬵ȴħճ죬ɢɭɭϢ
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ȻˣɫЩ죬ͬţҲû˵ʲô
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΢΢ͷǰȥ
ʲôԶȥıӰһЩζز²
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ֹһʱ䣬嶣ԽԽȺɽһ·ϣڰڿʼ¶Ƿɽѯģ֮ࡣ
үүΪʲôôɭϣЩʵ
аħֹϮޣʱҲħŵӣ߻ħĻԶطҪ࣬ΪˣŻ˵򣬲ϼӿܣûͨƾ֤˽롣˵
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˽̸ʱһΡĴɽǰȻа֮ң֣ʲ壬ȴһɲͬѰɽϢиֳ


313 
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߳ϣַãҲˣеӲֵһᣬʱ䣬˱˳Խɽһ档
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ǳǣ￴ľߴ󣬻ݷïһľ󣬵ȴһ޺û·ɽķĹ
￪ʼѾħϮĵطˣŽ֮Ϊħħ򣬲Ҫŷǳʱ׶ħˣÿ½ӽħΪĴɥġ
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ôððʧʧسײȴһ˦ڴϣʧˡ
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ֲﵽһƬţȫûлģȴԭǲһġ
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赭д˵һҪúÿޡ
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𣡡
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һ˫צ͵ش£·Ҫǰ˿ƶǡ
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·һ׻ҹգ׵س֮⣬Ͼؿųª޹͵£·ǽ
ضɽҡ󣬾޹ֵԼײľ޴ӡ
ȻһϹͷתľ޹ֻع񣬱㱻ͻȻֵĶӰ˽ȥ
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һصĴк޻֮ȫѪԪ㱻ȫ߶춦תΪԭʼԪȻЩԭʼԪƾȼգƵĻ档
鳤ϵĶϵĺҵ٣ʱÿ¼һ
嶲ɫصСТģͶұŶҲңұָһ·ɣԺأ֮յԽŶҲԽ׾ͨ
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һ·н̫ɽ֮ѾԽɽ룬뵽ãɽ֮С
Ȼ֣ɫһƬ֦Ҷïգ赲סµ⣬˶ؾʿ˫ĿѶ۽һ㣬ڳϹ
ˣߵٶȻǼΪһ·ħĳԱƵеʱͷħһϮɱ
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ħԭǲãɽıޣʱħϮȺѾȻı䣬ĵҲһڤ֮򣬱ѷ촩ľٶ˵û
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ƾЩѪ⾫һЩԭʼԪҽ֮תΪҵ˿ڵĺҵѾָȫʢ֮ʱһˣʯ֮У嶽еطһЩ򵥵ַڴ㣬Ϊһ
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ʿҲҪͬķûô򵥣ҪΪĻͨҪĴѰãɼɵĺҵѪʹ֮
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Щ⣬Ϊؾ֮󣬺췲Ѫ⾫Ѿθˣ񵱳С֮ʱɱͽܹǡ
뵽˴ɴ̣үүħûҪôܰѴ
ҵûõģȺħյأ׷ѰħԴͷѰ֮⣬û취ҡҡͷ
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ЩԴͷѷ֮ħķ֧ͺѳӷѳȥӴָӵˮ׷ԴͷҲһ׵£˵ʱ䲢ȣҲһĥҲûгָ㣬ƾĴѰҡ
ЩäĿصתûͷ𽥵أҲһЩɣһ֮һħصɽȡ
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ȻɵҪ棬ѰϣңֵķţҲЩ޷ıģӽ죬ҪиǣʿᵤβҪƽĶۣôõʣ᲻ܿϧûʣǿзֲȥؽУȴǺľ֣³ܵУүүɽҲԱһƽˡ
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ܳɴߣûһϲҵģҲֻң֪ԼûǱǮ̤֮·
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ɹʲôû˵⵹ªţʵֻ̤мֻ꣬ǵͽ׵ŵӣܹӴЩĻ̫ˡ
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һ󳩿죬ԼȻɹˡ
صĽᵤ磬鵤֮Ȼʵɽ𵤣鵤ǰڡ
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ȻڴʱͻȻ֣ö鵤ı棬һĺֳ
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һɲԤУʱӿͷ


319 ɾͽᵤ
ΪܹɾͽᵤѾ׻ħžħϮΣգһ̣ӦڵħȴͻȻ˳ƶʱʮֲ
鵤ǵؼʱ̣˿ĲãЩħ֣̾Ժֻ֮
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ǿԺ֮еĽӰ·Ѫһ㣬ޱȵ˷ܣһͨ˺ҧԸоڱЩ˺ҧʱһһĵʹһƷɿţܿӿӣԴԴϵʧ
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Үʶһָ֪Ϊڶĩʶ֮ĵڰָ֪Ҳ֮Уǧ֮Уס죬۾Բһ㣬հҮʶҲжϰʶڶӦ磬ͷһƬޣпտգȫ޶
ǶԸлͻĲţӦͼӰǣȴ룬ȻȫûЧȻҲͨûȫԭ򣬵Ҳ˵ЩħħӰƺڰҮʶ֮⣬쵮֮ǰԽһ֮
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⣬óȻӽħҲǼΣյģãɽе޶ΪħϮ־壬ŻΪħĻǵʵҲѾﵽܹԣ˽ĳ̶ȣһ·ȫûܹ˵ħȫ·𷢷ʬһ㣬ɱ¾ʳ˽ӽҲܼɣʵΣҪϮ
Ҳ֪ʶԶԼǿ󣬹۲ϸ΢˵ȥӦòд
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ΨһŽΣ·̫һվڽ涼Ҳ֪ԼʶԴ͸ķʵ


ûħĸţڳ׷ȫмһ
ӴķתһһؼѹԺõĵΡ
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еŵڲ·Żһ㣬ܵ滨ȼͨ͸ĹâԽԽԣҪüĿ֮͸̴Ѫ⡣
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320 ڤ֮
Ѿͻˣ½ᵤλȹ̣ȱ̫磬ЩʿᵤһɢԭΣЩû˵Ļϲͬ嶶Դֻƽصһ䣬Ȼ֮
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Уʱʩչ׶ݣһСģԽѷеĻûôˡȴҡҡͷ顣
ԭڤ֮쫷磬ѷ첻ӿħǽ֮ԵʱƽʱɶĿռҲݣһʩչܹŲƵͨпܱһͷԽȥ䵽֪δʱգʱҪͲôˡ
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˼ǰȥٶȴͬʱתػԼ˿⡣
ȻȡһЩħ붦Уܿ죬㷢Щ޴ˣȷԸղ룬ħŨٱһдħ붦УЩħҲʵ̫ˣԭʼԪϣΣգ̾Ҫ
ûһȡöħ飬̾ͷ֣춦Ԫÿһöħ飬ҪһٵԭʼԪ
Ҫ֪ЩħܹϮ־ʹ֮תΪħаڣֻſ㹻һöħħԣҪѹĴɢ磬ҲҪһٵԪС
ȡħ춦ҲϲԭʼԪûвһ㣬ڴ˿̣һȡö̾ͷֲԡ
ȥֻҪȡöħ飬춦еԭʼԪҪһˡ
һľһܹȥ
ΨаԿЦϾ춦еԪҲ޾ģֻƽָԶҪѡ
뵽ֹͣȡħѽʡԭʼԪȫմЩħ
ͬʱҲӽ㣬Сѣӻ֣ħϮʶֱɢˡ
öħǵĶѵڤ֮ȥˣ䲻гҲɵôһʶܵյħֱǴڤ֮ȥˡ
ûдڤ֮򣬲Ҳ˶١æ
ԭڤ֮磬ѣǰҲ˵һЩ˾콫ҲöԸͥԶ壬֮иûģС㲻صģħȻŨأȴڵĻħҵͨպܹ
˵ţ㿪ʼԹΪݻ
ʵǿᣬҲӻ֣һʱ֮䵹ҲǣУħûмԽԽŨ񣬼Ǻ޾Ҳһ˿ˡ
ǵ̫ˣЩħȻǴﴵģ
ãɽпռѷ죬ʱʱ֣ٲҲûܹͨڣֻ֪пκεطֵģһĹɶԽԽܼ࣬ҷǳ޴ΧһЩǵϸСѷѡ
ΪѷֲַãɽһħҲǿ࣬һһطֲǺ쾳ͨħ⣬ţʼԲħԲħȻǴֱϵۡ
ƽʱΧܳŨħͨҲΣգڴ˿̣ȴƺòͬΪѷ챳ħԴͷȻѷϸСҲܲסټģԴԴϵذħȹʱڣħɽᲢۡ
ĿХӭźɫħŰأԲʮڣʶôˡ
·ֱԭΣص³ˣûӴʶ֮ʱټյĶħֲָ޷ϣҪ˵嶡
Ȼά֣ʹʶɢңʧȥѣȴҲ᧿Σʱ̡
үү
ͻȻ֮䣬ֲԶһ˲ʹӸӦʧɵþ
ز죬޷ֱ淽ֻҪʧȥ嶵Ӱ̾Ҫʧħ֮С
ӿǰҪ׷嶣ȴϣһѷ죬Ϣسǰ

Ҳ춯һͷȴǾȵط֣һռѷ쾹ȻԼ󣬵סԼ֮ʶӦ
һ֪̾Ҫ㣬ȴѾֹˡ
ѷͷ·ڰ֮еľޣ͵ſڣ˽ȥ


321 İĵط
ذ޹⡣
ããֺ֮УһƬڡ
ͻȻһƬԨ֮Уһ֣ͮͮĹâ˷Բʮɣܵľʱϡɼ
΢Ļ֮УվоԼͷ·ǵ޵Ԩһ㣬ںڰ֮вͣ׹䣬׹䣬һֱ׹䣬ֱʱȥͣס۾ͷ֣Լһİڡ
һƬߴľĴ֣ڲãɽȻǵضħȴȻŨأŨһգѹ֮䡣
ʲôط
۾ʶӦҲܵ谭˿⣬źƣȥ
Ҳ֪Լ䵽ʲôطȴŲµóղѷ֮ͨԼ˽ȥҵǣû˶ڤ֮򣬶һѷ
ܳľľԷֱһ㣬ڤ֮򣬴˵֮е׵أǾġ
ҪΧյö࣬ȻǵصħȴǿԸӦʱʱħӵصӿּ䣬·һ㣬ľӰ죬Ҷ⣬ɭֲĿ֡
ɽشţŶСĵƮҡڶܵĺҲź·ĵĹ
ںҵһ㷲Ȼ紵÷·ʱпϨ𣬵ȴʼȼڷ˿оϣԴԴϵɢŹȡ
ůϤĻԶһԾһø߸ߵϡ
ԶҪһƬ֮бϳ򣬵ȴη֣ʱǺҹ£޷
ãɽУܵҷɡ
ǵõ֮ʱ嶵ĸ룬Ҳû߿նȥͷ
Ȼɵ߿տԿ£ȴ̫ħۣոߴ磬ҵ֮һʿȥġ
Ϊñ߿շУصǱݣǲ֪ߵغ
ǣĵȵŰ֮ʱĹĿԶ
ǿɽԣĽ뵽ãɽˡ˵罻֮ռѷ鴦ǣڤħҲνΣأϣʱҪ̫ܹ˳뿪˵ء
֮£ֻ׼һӲͷƤǰȥ
֪Уȥ
Լ춦УΪһ΢ƵϹ⣬棬Լ׼ķȥ
һ·ϣ˵ǲģյ˼㣬Ϊ⿴Ʋ۵֮УȻǱԼĿռѷ׶ֱ壬׶Ϣ֣·ʱпܴӰڳһͷǿħ
³˵ĴҲֻһֻͳнǰ·һͷײȥ춦Уûһ˿Ϣй¶գ֮Ǽӹһս
Ȼᵤ۵壬ʶͨȹȥԵȴȻԸνĿսΪ֪ɽɲֹ⼸ֻǿĴڣǾˡ
ء
ʱԶɽϣһֻӴĺӰͻȻ·𾯾Ȯ͵ذͷתɹĵط
ͻϳһͷصȮȮ౾֮󣬸ǳɾԪӤ൱ʿԪ̥һȮѾӵᵽζ츳ͨ
ղᵽһ˿˵ζΪ춦УųʶҲ
޴Ȯɻؿ˿һ˵֣ܿ죬Ӱȥ
צ֮䣬̺תе⾳Ȼͬʿдͨ㣬һɳҵȻӿ˳
󣬾ȻܷңҪӹƬ֣ȻܵΣգɵýһֳΣⷭȥ
ûʩչ״ݣΪ˵ر鲼ռѷ죬пǲãɽҪһСĶ磬ɾûôˡ
һȻ԰Ȯӹһ˿ѪĹâ͵צ˷ӿ˹
ȻҲᣡһ
ʿУǲ֮ݶȻ岻ͬǱ츳
һȮ츳Ȼһּҵ
䣡
ּըһŻ⣬ת֮䣬ԲʮɵľöᣬһƬǽ塣
ֻȮǿ󣬲ֻһܶԸµľǰħ
һȥһ߰˼ʯ֮䣬ȴ¶˾ģֱӱתȫɶݡ
ȮһɵӴٱͻɽ
һһȮּ׷ãֱʱ֮ųȮ½һ˦֮⡣
ʱеĶ˲ٵħǼֻζصĴ׷
Ψйʼʩ춦зɿߡ
ħѲ
嶻ʱȻЩħԶԸ嶲֮ȴ֣ħΣࡣ
ȻҲΪɽУѾӽħΪŨĲãɽģʱĶЩΣգܰʿÿһַեɡ
Ȼӵ춦ܹԴԴԪ䷨ˣԪڷɿš
һǱأݣЩ֮˳ͨǻᵤʿǰ޳ɽ𵤣Ҳֲһ硣
￿ĲֻΪ;磬ĻǱصı죡
ΪԼرСΣգ෴Խʶطʵڲ˾
Ⱥɽ֮·һ·СرܿΣգʱʱ˳ɱһֻ䵥Сħû˲ɱıƿ
֮󣬵ʶǧٹֵħʼһ󲿷˽⣬Ҳֱܷóʵʱ಻·ޱ޼ʵĳɽ룬ıƣԱÿ͵Ͱ
һĸ·ӵеķ¼鵤ҲԹ̣ΪҲоֻ֣춦Ͷĵƺ˲٣Щʼݽˡ
ֻʣٶԭʼԪˣȫľָһαҪ࣬ôҲա
ԭʼԪʢĸһٵݽߵĵز̱Σ֮Уܾ÷ǳ
Ψ¶ģɱħսս
Ȼãɽеħ̺ħֻҪС£ܽħ飬Ҳû̫󺦴ֻԽΣҲ뵽һΣյĵطɱ

ͻȻ֮䣬ǰɽУһֻڣ˫ķħӹȵȻҲܹٵӵİٵ
ãûħ㵹ù
оһƣָ֮䣬һĨǷħӶȥ·ҵ
¡
ֻһĨͻȻը棬ħϡЩǺҵȻΪըϨ෴߶֮£ȼյøʢˣܿƵϻ͵ĸɲһ㣬졣
أħȻħȴǲ֪ʹҽһ˱ܣţܽ⣿һצץԸȡַ߸ץ
춦գ
ɫâһţ˲仯ΪһӰտ£ֻħûȥ
𣡺𣡡
ܵԼս֮Уħв˻ȫȴǲͣطУ򡭡ÿһεĻӻצԪҺصػ֮
ʱããһƬռ֮УͻȻ⣬ױǵذֻħϮ
󣡡
˿˿׹趯ħŰпռ䣬·һƬ
ʱڰֻħɱȫѪ⾫еһ˿һû˷ѡ
̺ŵһ˿ħҲų붦صѹֻԪϣħ顣
ħħܱǻ׶Ըöࡣ
Ȼͣħ˲ʱ䣬սΪ⣬Ϊֻħ֮󣬶ڵԭʼԪٶȫİ˳ɡ
൱ڣħΪԪ۵ΪãȻЩ˷ѣҲɳһˡ
ãƺвħˣϽ뿪˵ء
ҴҼһܵܲϽӽаϢæ붦Уɶ뿪
ֹ˲ãȴһֻǧϣ޴ĺëҰֻҰζֱԱòʳҧһ˺ϱĿ
ѹ
춦ǱȻԶͷ¡
ֻӰյצʱֻҰʳأת֮䣬ٰ붦У
ȫɱ
ٶԭʼԪ֡
һ·Ϯɱ֪УѾɢĵա
ɱʮֻġصԪ춦ڣڸеԪӯڶ±ټﻹһԶŵһʮҲʹý֮ڣѷˡ
ʵڲУһǧҲǰ裬°ö޳һԭʼԪôҲһʱ䡣Ȼ൱Ǯ£Ҳ˻ӻ
һ·ħԽԽʱûгֹˣѾ˳
СĵشӶзɳųʶ̽ԶȻ֣Բʮֻʮֲֻȴһֻûм
ֵעǣδֵͨ龳ħҲˣطħʵƺ½࣬Σճ̶ȴ󽵵͡
һûֻϧ֪ѡķԲԣҪûлصףֵöһˡµҲתطһƸ»صãɽǲĲҡ
ʶ룬ԾɼԼ϶ķǰ
ֹһգͻȻ֣ǰľ˱仯
ﲻޱ߼ʵȺɽ֣ҲǴݲĸڻĮһƬ󺣡
Ӳĳɽ֮޹ɣȻֱӾ͵˺ߣĽеЩ죬֮УܶζԶͨ͵ģ춼ֵ֣﾿ʲôطȴ̽
ǷɵߣðյǸԶͼҳ׷˳ǳصڣֻҪҵ˷˵ĳǳأͿ֪ʲôط׻жԶٻʮ¸·ֱܻȥˡ
Ȼеʧǣ﷽ԲʮȻû˿̣Ҫ˵ǳˣʮ˵СҲûС
飬ʶѻ꣡ҾͲţ֮Ҳ̡
аһΣȴǽļӳ֣ʶ˷ȥ
ӽº̲˰Ӳãɽİ½ʶѲ߮·߸ϵӴأ֮ڣһеνǰ
ֱ޷֣ͷѣʶӦҲģջͨĿղһС
ЩȣȲǲãɽҲǴȻһƬİڣңԲڣȫȻû̴ڡ
⵽ôˣѵҲǴӲãɽ߳ǻڿռѷ
ɵɡ


322 
ˣҲûʲôɰյģֻӲͷƤǰ
ڸոսöʶûз쳣ħͿռѷ죬Ҳ𽥷ĵߴȥҰҿԱܿеɽ֣ǰٶȸ졣
ֹһ죬֮⡣
һ죬Ȼ˲ħҲûʲôʵڹ֮
һ·羰ɽ֣ήҲ±ɽҰ綾һħʧΣյĿռѷҲûв
ûʱʱֵħЩϰߣһƬţʹҹ߽ȺĹĸо
ɽķ޶ȥˣãɽеޣ˵Ǳħ磬ﲢûпռѷĴڡˣҪô࣬뿪Ϊ
ʼոо͸һɹ죬ɵҡҡͷǰС
ͻȻһϢע⡣
ħ
¿ȥȴһͷ޴ĺɫӺݺݵԼ
ͷһֻԲħʮɣվѲ˱ȱݣԾ𵽿ʮɱȥͨһ߸ߵĺˡ
ǧɸ߿գħ޴ٶȻ⣬ȴͻȻ뵽ȻħǾ͸Ŷԣħĺޣпܳ֡
ȥ
ڴˣٳ춦ǱУԼϢ
ͷξûдﵽȻܷص겻Ĵ߮һȷ뿪ʵȥ
֪һĨϹѾȻǱ뺣Уϡ
֪Уǰĵƿʼ仯ȴԭһƬڵ˾ͷǰģһ޴ĵ졣
Ȼںϣȵط֣⺣оȻҲ½ϻҪƶ񤣬ͷں˴ʱҪ˵㣬ޣɺݶûмһ·ǹͺͺĺɽȫģ
һɹޱ߼ʣֻĿĵãذڶβ
΢΢һֳʶ̽ȥ֣ͷ貢û쳣Ǽ¡
ԲޣѪԶľʢǶ˶òųʮ죿ǰ£
ͻȻһǿҵĳ嶯޲ܹץסͷúõؿʡ
Ҳ֪γΪͨ飬ֱһͨ飬Ԫؿϣض壬ؽᵤ񣬾ǣʮԲ
һͨأǾߣǣǺһǳҪǣﵽޣ㹻ĻѾѧ˵ˡ
ܹؿԣһЩ츳飬Щ֮УҲֻرϻ۵ĲѧȫͷһͲǴ֮ʿѧ˵οѾħϮΪħ
˱ħϮҪ־壬ο
ףԼܴʳʲô
ֹһ죬ͷںãȻγԶҲֲסͣ
طһɳѻɳϣ·˳ߡ
ϣȻҲ䵽ľأ
ɵ˼֮ģˮжݷ˳һĨϹ⽫֡
ԭʼԪ
ǿԪ·ī֭һ㣬Ⱦɳ𶼱ɫһ֮Уʧȥĺ·ͻȻע˻۾

ſѪڣһöɫħ飬˳
ȴΪħԪϴǣȫ󲿷ħԴ֮ͷϱûӰ־Եħúһ졣
ȻЩħδϴ壬ҲѲӰ֣ԺΪȻа취
Ȼһ㣬³ħ֮־࣬ǰİ࣬ʱ¶һ˿Ϳ־壬ƺϾתߣȴһ鰴̽޷
ֲɱ㣬Ҷʲô
üͳһӽС
ڣʱ̺ܵľæ̰
Ҫ֪ؼ侫ĽᾧŵҲһö൱һöʯ⼸ö̺ôҲ쾳һˡ
ԭüꤵĺ裬ʱָ˻
ڱſ㣬÷֪𣿡˵
ʱҲ˺æֺõص˵ͷ۾¶˼Եĸмֺ֮⡣
ЩһûлΣǴúܡı֣¶һ˿죬ջ˷ʱڴҡͷβƺͨԡ
뻯ҲԶˡֻϧ֪ιʣһˡ붦Уҵĺٰųȥðװ׶
ٹ˼ա
ں豳ϣںζһѰܹϹȣش׵ĵ·һʱգҲɵÿʼЩ
ڶղдԪһʱ֮䣬Ҳֻ̣鶼ԼҲŻȥ·
ȥ֮ųȥҲ֪ʦжൣġ
ؼ䣬ﻹǶ࣬ȻܹͨĿռѷ죬ֲЩʿһꡣҵ־ɲܵҵȥ·Сţôʲôʲôˣ
˼֮ʣͻȻ֮䣬ºԱ˷ɿǰȥ
ǲ֪ͣٻڱƯֻΪϢʱӿٶȣضǷʲô
ֳʶǰ̽ȥ漴΢΢һȻʬ
ʮ⣬һͷˣѪľ޴ȮںƯţˮ˷ܣȴᵽѪζ¡
ԴƬߵĺþҲûгԵѪˣǱҲеΪʳ
Ȼ̺ż侫ʼղ壬ҲûʳΪı£ԣһֱǿۻ빦ǿά֣൱ʦıٹȣʱòᵽѪȣȻ˷֡
Ҳʬˣûֹͷιȥߴӿٶȡ
֮һһȮڣ˷ܵſڣݺݵҧȥ

޴Ȯ˺롣
ȻǱɽˡ
ں֮ǰۼطʬϵ˿ڣ̷֣ɷɽ֮ɵġ
ȻӸ˵޳ɵ壬ԻΪΣѧɽ֮Ҳֻͬʿϰߴ˵飬ٻô
һЩ츳壬ıȥսӲ幦ȤɴҲԶ϶ȮǱʿɱ
ѵ˺һŹֵطˣһæٳ飬飬ҼӳʶҪûڡ
áӦ
漴ӴʶԺ֮УĸӦ˷ݿȥ
ѻ꣡
˲䣬֮ڵĺ棬һ״Ժ䡣
ˣǸŵӣ̫ˣ
ܿ죬һΪԼĺϣȻһ취µŵӣŵֻ³˵ΪڳţƺѾЩ̡
һϲæһץǺͳԵһȮʬץɷ˵ضУȻȫŵ׷ȥ
ûڸԼϢܿ׷ˡ
ˣȻˣ
֣ŵҲԳһȻûôǿʶҲȷǵѣϱγϵĳ̤ں֮ϣٴеض
ֱɽ취µװ֮Уųһ漴Ļϲط
ʦ֣ŵ񣬼ʦ֣ŵӹ֮Ҳһ˿ֺúͼ
㣬֪ʲôطһۣżɽʵ
ʦ֣ڤ֮ãɽ޾աش
޾գһ£û˵ʦܣɷϸһ£
޾վǵײ֮ʱչˮγɵСǧ磬൱һзڣ˺ܹ棬֪Ϊʲôľܹ֪Բ٣ʣʵʵظ
漴˼̽ʵʦ֣ҲǱڤ֮ģ
ѵʦҲôģоһʵ
ǵȻгĵӣôģҪȻֺħ֣˭ԸȻ˵
ǡʦ֪ôȥԥһʵ
Ҳ֪ʱҡҡͷ¶ʧı飬æ˵磬ǳ֮£Ҳûʲôµġ
ô˵ɫʵҲЩ֡
ʦֻ֪Ҫһʱ䣬ͻ龳ǰȵģֻҪÿĽ֮ǰϵָطˣ֪ʦֿҲһҪȥǽ֮أЦŽһ漴ʵ
ȻҲѾãɽŵӣ֪ôȥҲ˿ӣΪ˿ֳ̱ΪǽᵤȾĸ֣Եġ
ԭˣһ治֪֮أǾʦܴȥˡҲƺԼУ΢΢һЦ˵
һʼٴеı֣Կ粢ô֮ҪԼͬУȻܵ
ҵҵʦֺһ߾ˡӦæ˵
˸裬һļϣȥ
·ϣɵóóʮöжлʵǿֺˬ󷽵ʦ־мӣڵؽԼ֪顣
ԭãɽʢħӵǲãɽΧаڵܹʮǳء
ôǳأ۵ŵǼ侪˵ģҲвħ˺ɢ޻ϾֵطȿԲɱʵսֿԲɼĵرħɱ˶ᱦʵǸʥء
ö֮ãɽһ߽ܶʿھһɶеС硣
ÿڤ֮ͻȻһЩõĵӾĸطЩӵʵ޷ԼȥģΪ˱һЩӢʧħʹרǰ˴ߡ
Щʹ߶龳ϵĸ֣ҲֻЩ龳ϵĸ֣ӵдյҲûɾͶǣֻԼʱص㣬ÿǰһΡ
ͳħӣ۴ӺδնҪȥģڻȥ֮ǰۼһǿʳÿ춼ڷɱ˶ᱦǼҳ㷹ûʵûˣѻŵȵ뿪
˵Ҳɵ¶һ˿֮ɫƺǼϵĽ֮η塣
ʲôȵ˽֮أұ±ˡ
Ȼ֪񲻻Ե޹ʺԼЩضͼ
΢΢һЦ˵


323 
һ·ʮ죬ڴԽãã󺣣һȺܲĵط
Ҫˣ⸽ֻôһȺĵǽͳһƺ˻Ƶĵͼͷ˿£˵ħӺ˵ȣŶѾۼ˲ڸˡ
Ŷʹֵ߳ʱܽ𣿡ʵ
Ż£ʹֵ߳ʱ䲢ȷҪǴֵõһˣ˶Ҫǰ˵
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ֻһΪҲ֮£ʮʮ½ӡ
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һϰﳤĴ󵺣˸ϵʱԶԶ㿴̲ŨðϢд
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ʶǣǶҴĵӡ˵
ǴǴˣʵƼˮ꣬Ҳû׷ʹֻ֪Ǳŵӡ
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ҵγɵĺ·ͨһ㣬ǼսһħƮȥ
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ӰɱħӣʬҲ˽ȥһҲû˷ѡ

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ؿͬһţ໥ҲӦõġǫѷһЦ˰֣ʾǲض
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Ҳֻһʱֻ߲֮֮ҪԾһŵΰˡ
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˵׻岢ûԼĳϣҲֻĹֶѡԣӹһ˿â漴ȴŪԼҲ֪᲻ǰѰҡ
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ҵͬΪŵӣԵˡҲûʲôģ̴Ӧ
ʵ˵ԶԶҲܵ｣ŵˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôⲻޣʵ̣˴֮Ǻ꣬˵ǶӪһ˶ҪѶԷȫɱǼصġ
ûԸǣûԸ޶˱νǣ֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣ˫ͬĽģȻ޷ƽദ
ߣȥ
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Ȼǿʹ߽֮ҲһҪȺֻ˫ãڶԷǰãΪ衣
ʱԶͻȻڹ⸡֣ɼǿҵϢԶط˹
ħһ£ͻȻ¶һ˿Źֵɫѹ·һ㣬૵ص֮Ȼڵ洫ˡ
ʲô洫ӣ
Ȼڵˣ洫ӣ
һħڵӽһƬȻ·ը˹һ㾪


324 
ţţţŵȵȾøʢɵһ㣬ħҲԼĴɣųһܹĴ
ڣڤڣڣڡ
һң
ݴڤԶʱһĴ̳еڤ֮ĵͳԲٿ֮־ȡ컯ΪڣΪһ̳й֮ͳԹ֮ʬаΪ֮
ңޱɣͽ߲ɵɢ޺͵Էɣ߻ӣ̸ڣһֱħ֮䣬ö֮Ȼγ˶ĳߴźħƽƽ
ħ֮ϢģҲûսЩɼһΣա
ڼ̳еɱ¾֮һʼͽ֮ʱǴӷȡŮеӾ˸ݣŰմٰĥʹĳȻȵһʱ䣬㿪ʼɱʮȡһҴΪŵӣȻټĥɱֱÿ˽죬˵ͳͳΪūΪֹ
Ůѡȡò欣й˷֮˫޺Ļ֮Ȼ͵¥ӿͣ裬ʹƷ˼伲࣬ն֮ſʼ䰵͵ȡ漺ΪȻ˴ɱʤ
ҲΪˣ֮ʱŮӶͬ˫մѪȣ̰ɣ괿棬ȡ޶֮⣬Ϊޡ
Ϊ֮ЩӿʼһõһɣȴȻҪΪ˱ڵλͲɱŬʴ˸׺ݣöթɱ۵һƱضҪ˷ˣѪȷ硣
˳ԾɫһʱԼʱĵ伮һЩħɵļء
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ȻгŮ󣬵ȴͬаһ;֮
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һŵվ˳۸ߺ
һ˷ŵӣǴɵķ£Ҳ֪ĸСɵľӢ
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飬Ϥİˣɵð̾һ
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ƫƫЩ˾֣ΪǱϾǽᵤʿױɱ¾гɳҲʮˣְܳȻһ˶˼˶˶ϣûʲôŭѷˡ
вٵֻΪͷһ֣ҲܴһֻһʿĻֻ뾫Ҳʲ
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Щ֮ʱвпһЦͻȻı䲽ɣڵӹһӰȻָ֮ԽȺŵǰ
ŵӳһæһеĵͷһȴָ䶸ìһĹǴ̣Ųҵİâ˳а֮
ڤצ

ŵһɽбӶǹצϣȻһĽ֮
Ҳۼ˷֣ɽǹצֱӱһССȱڣеĹצȴ˿˫ʵǸС

ŵҲܵ˷ɽıѣɵôһסֱ̹һ֮䣬ͻȻ׹ӿ֣ȴתΪ֮ȫڽ⣬Űе
ȴӹһ˿мȻᣬȻŲҰ׵Ĺצȥ
ŵӴ󼱣æסƣȫὣһ
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ŵӣˣб󳤷裬״ħشЦ
ⰢƽգɱԽԽʱͻȻȺ˳ˣҵŵӣħģſλʦܡ
ʦܡһû뵽ȻΪһزʶСɵӳͷæڵеսŮӸĳƶˣôǣ
֮УЩ֮⣬޷ǾԼԣһòæԲŸǶԷ
ڴˣҲɵðա
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ſ˵ſͷſƾʲôʱ򣬰аͷת˹ɱضס
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ɵһɣţͬ
ƾʲôƾһһյķıƾڰǰ

һ֣ɺ𣬺׵سڰϣзһҽУȻ¶֣סؿڣȥֱɳɷͣ£ȫһˣŰϢޱͷų
ſȻȫϵ𣬵ȴѾյñˣò㣬¶Ƥǲ˻յˮݣصĵطѾãڣԵÿֲ֮ͬʱҲ֮
㾹Ȼ͵ϮңȻ͵ϮңҪɱ㣡쳤Хŭش
⡭סˣһʱȻûӦ
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źƣĮؿŰУ֮䣬ǲм볰·ڿһֻ֪ߵغľ֮ܡ
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ããĻ⣬һɱ˵⣬ڵһڳǰİϺʢ
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⸱ΣΪΣжûɵһ뷨ĸֱԺð
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˿Уоͷ·һֻ˻ķɶ꣬ڵһչ⣬Ҳ֮Уžһȫս
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ûǰԮ͵غ˼ɣΨֱմһ˿
ڱϾҲħɣжżĵȻͻ֪𿰱׽٣һ췣֮𣬼Ѳ
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һʱ֮䣬ǺˮޣΣյ˼
ֻвûԹȻڻвҽţͼתЩѹȥٴצҪ˺飬ʱٴκأһһĺƾš
ͷʼһһŹỤ̃Ũ֮У·һʹŤʱʱɢ
䣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ֱ
پ񡭡ģͣǵװͣҶʿѪͣ
һħӻȴǷյƵһܡ
ԭһóʬ͵еɣʬڡĵӣΪ򽻵ԴϤޱȣֻñһᣬŵóĵζ
ٿǰͷŨ̹󣬱֪ľ񾡽ԱȼȡѪڡھ١ȵȴĻҪҡ
ֻħΪߣȴǰѳɰǧΪħѪ⣬ΪʿˣҲʬڡһ㣬ɱа֮Ĺɵ־ֺ
֮󣬰ȫںҵ֮УתշҽУֻһ̧֣춦֣˽ȥݺݵѹڡ


325 
ܶʱѻȸԼͻȻֶ΢ʵҲɵýرͣԼһСľ͵ޡ
Ͷ֮䣬һᵤʿʵҲʵ̫һЩ
ᵤʿʲôСɵĵӣɱ¾սڵӣǶֵУԼҪӲɣ
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Ķüšһ𣬷·ģ˿һҼۡ
ǵΪȻڵ洫Ҳ裬ϿˡһħҲû˵
ǵҲⰢʵڵùӵнᵤʵζ˲ãȴֶ޷֮£һ־ͳ˴
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ⶦУҲųȥҲʵǣʱ㽫Ѫ⾫ʶĻͿɣҪɱˡȻⶼնħȴվɱ򲻵ѣҲΪ֮
˵֮䣬߸ߵؾ˺ƣ֮䣬ܶӳһƬɺ죬·ѪȾ
ħɺ޵ҧгݣȴҲ֪óȻ֣δԤϣʵڲ֮٣Ψ֮ƣҲֻܴ̣һˡ
ŮȴǺһЦȻдλʦ磬ɷһ˵
ʲôһۡ
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ŮƺҲ˲ûƽ׷ˣǺصһͬţ֪Σ
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𣿡٩٩̸֮䣬˿ûŮӸеɬܣɵ΢΢ü
ʹķϣҲܵõصıȫˣ뿪˵أһСȥ̸ֻҪǺ˵
Ůĵ˵ţˮһʣˣشĵһɲԸ֮Եͷ֮ҲǶ˫кô飬ʵûɲӦ
ķӦЩϣ´˰ŮһۣͻȻɫһ
ŮĻң
Ůԣ΢Ȼ¶ۼ˺˼ǰ΢΢ü·һ˲֮䣬ܵĪĴ
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Ѿٽͨķ룬ŶϤģӪֶΣ˲ŸǾΪɲ⣬ֻҪԲǿбԻĿܡ
ŮҪ뿪˵أС̸Ҳһְʾ֮ͻ⹴ҪԼǹ֮£Ȼ֮Ĵңƾͼơа֮ϲʤΪ޸ǳȴֻ֪ҪӦѾǣűߣ浽ֶ֮ʩչ
Ůû뵽ǣȻܹһۿİϷȫϵһʱ֮䣬Ȼ꣬޴¿ڵĸо
ΪŵӣкȻӣħŮܹĻģҿҲð׷ˣûиı⣬ϽɡûлشŮ⣬ٴλ˻֣·ϲӬһ㡣
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پڵĽ׻ᣬ˴ԼģΪ˻ͨޣνûҪŭġҺһħг𣬳ô˻ɱô´ΣħҲɱˣ˭ҲҪ뻥ͨˣʱӦñʵǿ֮վάʲôԹطȥ
ȼһһ˵ţ֪䣬˽׻ٰɽͷȻУѾһЩĳˡ
ȻۼʿֻаˣѾ˲ٵıʱʱһЩɽԴԵüΪæµ
ʱҲһЩ쾳ķˣЩ˴ʿߣȻЩʿġ
Ҳǣʿ죬ƾǵʵԶ󣬴ʮ֮Ϲ
ϣʿܹһ֮뿪ʦǾһ
ʱͻȻоһɼǿҵɱӹ·һˮȫ˸͸
Σĵ
иֶˣ
һæ⿴ȥȴ֣ʮգһڹ⼱ٷ


328 ߲
ڹּֿ죬ô޼ɵֱ
Ȼʿй֮ʶлԲƣһ±ӦˣŵϢƺǳԼģȻԼ˾ۼ֮ػʮɣҲոպþͶ
ƣˣֻ³˵ӣҲ˵ĸ֡
ӶԷϢϣ̣ܵԾѾᵤʿ
ʦ֣ôˣƻδһΪޣʶҲɵⲢǶӦģͻȻͣ½Ų¶أЩ档
ҲеЩ֣Ǹͣ
ÿЩü˵
΢΢һ漴ܵԽԽϢɳһ
ŰԵϢ
Ϣöĵʬζ
һʿķϢͬɺڹйЮϢ˵ĸоͷ·һŨ̹Ũ֮УʬڣɢŵζȻζñŵģζҲϢƮɢⴿһʶӦеĴ·ʶУǽӽ˴е߹餣ŵζƮɢ
˲ɵɫһף׷˺󼸲ңϢ
ǶʶĽӴ֮Уܵ˲̶ͬȵĸӰ죬֮еŮӣ죬ָǲȻŻ£
⵹ʶش죬ܵ˺˶ܵĶķӦѡ
ζɱǿ״ֱ꣬ŵʶҪжţֻдﵽϣӴҮʶС
ܹһҲûʿԸôΪʶʿ۶ڱǣûʶϹӣӣΣա
жϰҮʶԸħţ߷ֹ߻ħġ
ƺԶŵʬط̳ʬģ˹֮⣬ʬںͻȪˣɣһɵĵǰüͷ˵
ЩԶŴ˽ⲻ࣬ĻҲ޷϶˾Ǻηʥܿ죬ǹϢ˱ӽ֮Ŀȥ㷢˶Է
ǰģһ£ݷǷӡ
ӣʬء
ɢһɸһȵƣͶ֮䣬ǹȻǳͨƶʿŵĸ߹
ףΪūģʢ˵ƣνϤҲ֪ħܶʿ֮жӵܣţ壬ȴվǷ˶ѣȵǽӴʿ֪ɷĲ֮󣬾ͻףκݶ縡һ㣬Ҳ𽥱ĥˡ
Уĳײǿײƣǿʵ츳ɵıʦŵĴУ֮еĻӣʿȦҲܱũҳȴӵųʦŵӡ
Ȼһ֮еĺӵܣ츳˵ľţĳλħ뢵İͽֻ˵
Щĸԭ򣬱ϾΣʼңԶ飬ĸԭΪ۽磬Ȼ޷
˾ȻһֿĪĸо
ƺ硭ԱҪöࡣ
ܿµĲ²⡣
Ԫ̥ΪѾ޳ԪӤԪٽһǺһ̥֣·ܵɻ󣬶ܿ춦ıѹ˵Ϊ硣
ؾ֮УΪгˣ֮ᵤ֮󣬱ԪӤԪΪԪӤΪԪԪ̥
ѾʼԪǱԪ̥۷Ϊٽһ̥ˡ
Ԫ̥һ£ôоϴִ³ϻҪΣգѵҵֱˣ
ֱûг˵ȷϴҪΣգΪƺһر̺ŵϢңر֮⣬ӵϢԶֹһгʿô򵥡˵
̺ŵϢѵҲһǵɣӵϢô£ԣʱһ
֪ӵеصľ磬ȻѾʧȥԭʵ۹ʶڣ˵ϻرǱǻرԲ
Ҳ֪Ͼֻʶ֮̽ȴ֪Щ˵
ԣ΢΢һ漴ҲףԲ顣
ϾֻԶ飬֪ܵɡ
أ²ʱ򣬺ҲۣͻȻڣɱյŵӣ
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ǰյڵӡذȻ˵
ԭ˽աΪɫصȷɱģΣѵ𲻳ɣ
ʲôֵ𣿡ԣмЦһ˵ɣض
ҪԸңҪضһЩ͵ӣȴֲʧĵӲԶ˳
תͷȥȵط֣ʮ⣬Ȼһ˵ӰİŮ
û¶˿ɱҲΪˣһֱע⣬ֱű֣Ȼ˼书
Ȼ㣿
ͻȻˣνġǴŮǿԮеĿģɽۻҪôԸԼ
Ȼ֪ضͺصĹϵȴ֮УԼһ˿ͬѰĶʱѶ
ضģУ߹ѣҰɱˣͿԸˡؼض֣ԾͦͦأȻ˵
񣬷Ӱ죬ѵԣԺȻȻǿ˵ΪȴòԹɫ޼ɵ˵ǡ߹ٴеı֣λ᲻ףǸǿĶ֣ѾΣյıԵ
ʲô£
ʱ򣬷߶ͼǰᵤħҲ˹أʱʧɫ
ԭǾǴ˴ν׻ķ֮ˣΪΪ㵣μְ֮ӣ˺ͺ߶ţΪвʶȤĵҪ£Ϲ
ȴǴһǰģȻʬڵأһݵλʵĴ
ʦܣ﾿ʲô飬ѵɣ˽أħʬڵҵȿԵģԵĻǰڵ̬ǸΪˣʦܣҲ˵ʦõʦǵϵڣҲΪġ
ƺصݣæܣض˵
ԭ˽أʦ֣ڿɲҵŮƻǰҵ鷳Էģ޹أֻҪվһ߿žͺˡҲ֪ʲô
ԣʱȻ
Ǻغֻ֮ᣬûʲôȴϣȻǰŮߥ޶ר鷳
ճֻɱڵӣվ˻ˡ
䣬ȴûǣ·ᵤʿֻһſһ㡣
ҲûۿΣֻһһڹƾշɳһĸߴ󣬻Ŀ󺺡
ֻһȫͬ¼¶ļȻһĲҰɫƣȫޣ볣졣
Ϊɲ۾ȫѾȫʧȡ֮һƬۿѪ죬·һѪа졣
ȫһ˿ϢȴӵƣƺһּΪǿ幦רԵΪأעǷͨ
ⲻǻˣʬɻؿһۣʱ㿴ݡ
ȥɱˡؿ³һ䣬һеģ
ʦСģʬڵʬȻûзȴרĸʬƣһͭƤǿȷǧҪ⣡󺺵ĳּ֣ؾҪɱɵһٴδ
鲻ҲûгƺҲЩĲ̣ǳ֮ӡ
ħˣɾͼ򵥶ˣֱǰһԿ˺Ϸ
ƾɱңδҲ̫Сˣƣҳ֣
ķӦϣԺٻʬȻη壬ץһ£һյƳ֣ȥ
أ
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ҵ𣡡
صļʶƺǳһ۱㿴ʩ𣬲΢΢һЦһΪƾʲôţԭǿ𣬵Ҳѹ֣ҵ췣֮ԶŴҲҿԼпˮȴ㵹ùˡ
˵ţһָһöͨˮΣƾշ˳
ˮ֮УʵžĹ⻪ˮɢȥ
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Ȼִ³һ㣬ӵˮˮӲؿס˺ҵ
ȻʬڵȻˮˮУҿ⸱ӣ²ִ³һ㣬ôƽʱͰϣܹٿ츳ĵˣܹƣ
⸱赭дӣʱ֪ҵһɱﵣ¶ˣд츳׷ЧҲױƵġ
ôһĶ֣ģվǱʵ
ƻ
һϣϣϣϣ£ʼۼףҲһĳǣָףָ˳
ʯ֮䣬㻯Ϊһͷ˵ĹϡԶòȴֱ
˵ƻһѾв̵ʱˣʿĸǺԣͰ͸˴ɵĵزҲԷһӦеˡ
ʱŷ֣⾹һżΪõ巨ͨͷ޹أȴʹʿǿӵзǷĹЧ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ǿᣬȵһƻ֮䣬Ĵ硣
֮صһĳֻʬӿ⣬ȴƲһ˳ȥһ죬ײ˲ԶС֮С
һƴܰһʿĵýǾϣΪ˽ᵤ磬鵤֮Уӵٵϵķ
һаٵھһʮڽ
ֱɽһһɽˣǿʿ˲ѷԲʮΪƽأ߱ɽʯǻƾҲֶڷ˵޷ľ
Ȼʿӵз壬ǿᣬԶǷ̥ɱȣٱʬķҲȻҪһ飬ȫ޷֮
һЩӵʮٵʿҲԵֵ֮ȫһơ
ʱС֮дһͻȻ֮һը
һӰ˳⣬ųĲӰײ˹ȥ


329 ˭ǹϣ
һ˲ײֱͻ⧲
һƽʬȴһûüͱݺݵײ˳ȥײ֮䣬˻Х䣬˺ѣƻ
ֻоԼ·һɨӦɳ֮ԶķӦҲѸ֮תһͻٴȥ
䣡
Ӱһͷڵأݽȥ
ֱʱſ壬ײԼǺٻʬܣʱʬܣѾͷ­ѣŰݣȴûͬһ㵹£ԽսԽ£һֱԼ˸
ʲôȻʹ򣡡
ʹƣɵкȻ
Բ飬ʬȷרĸʬƣһͭƤǿȷתƻ֮ǿȴԶԸ
ңʬƺûг˵Ѫ⾫ûзֱײֻһʬͷ­ҲȫӰ죬ֽܰŴۣȫҸϡòС
ܿ㷢֣ⲢǻһѪ֮ĹԻʿͷϣȻȫӰ졣
ǾͰֽŴۣȫ飡ʵȻ˵֪ղϵĻϢʲôˣЩʬϢ϶ֹֻһʬȫٻԸѵġ
ʲôϾȻʬһ£һʬѾѲˣҪٶ༸ߣʮߣǻˣʱ򣬿ҲֻĶӵķݡ
ɵɫһ䣬ٴתͷʬֽȥ
꣡ǣǣǣ
к˲仯طֲﵽĵطʱʬϷһƵıֽ֮ŷ·۶ϵ֦һ㣬ȥһֲֻѹǵһϿ˳ȥ
ȻҵʬֽŴϣѵΪʬֽű㲻жɣؿһٶɵЦһָ΢һ
ʬѪ󷨣
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ֻͷʬϣֽһתȻƴľ׮һ㣬½˻ȥ
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ò׺ʬͷ­жȫӰ죬ֽţȴת۱ӻȥ·һľħͷ⵽ҪôԸźã
ʲôħͷʬͨʬһͨʬѶԸʬħͷǵѹ֮±ֶҲ滹
ǽᵤħҲһĻɵкȻ
ʬ̫ѲˣܺӲƴܹҵ֮
֪˵뷨ȴҲԼһССʬ޷ԸǾͲҪ뺮ˡ
£пܣ֮У
ܵΣһݣ±ȫ׹⣬ƾӿֳ

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ȫһˣҪƴȫһãķٶҪһ±ըת۾ܰը÷ǣ㿪
һ£Թ۵ħ޷ˣҲƵȥ
ʦ֣
ʦ֣
ƣˣҲɫ䡣
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غضԭУʬʱҲɫæȥ
ֻȫһ֮ȴûһͷųȥһһʬȥ
ʯ֮䣬зעʬϣֻʬȫ紵һܿ㱻׹û
¡
һ죬˷Բʮҵش˿ȥ
׹ɢǰ³ӰʱǾͷʬѾ֪ˡ
˲ɵɫ䣬֮£еĲ˼顣
ȻѷעʬϣȻΪıըֱ֮Ӱʬըûˡ
һУôǽᵤʿҲԵֵҪ˵ʬˣʬڵͨʬȻǿᣬȴվشҲ޷ָģһǷˡ
ʬǷûʦֵķƺҲࣿⲻղǰ㣬ԼתǹעȥʧķҲ޷ˡ
Ҳѹǻ˳ԾΪʿķ飬Բ컯ԳУӵϢԣΪʲôȫתһƣȴܿƣٴһơ
ѷΪǱԶʧȥǵҲزġ
׷˾ʿѪܿʿѪսףȻƾˣһȥǱǳţԶҲزˡ
ղŵһ൱ھǶԼķһȻ޴󣬳׵ذʬը÷ǣһ˿ûʣ£Ĵ۾ȫһգ׵ʧˡ
ȻѾ˽鵤ľ磬ӵмȡķḻ飬д񣬻ԪܿܰȫҪѰʿôãΣȴǶ̶һʱģڣȫһֱѰ·
Ҫ֪ʬڵɾһʬô򵥣ղŵʬֻٻ
̱µ˿;ƿݣΪˣʲôٶмܵסġ
ʱһֻ½ʿҲԻΪѾȫһգ˿յģȫ
޴Ϊ˶ԸһʬȻȫľȻôϲƴұȥƴҵ뿴㻹жƴ
رΪԼʰȴûϵȻת۱ԼʬɱȻʧֻ΢ȴվǵǰԲ˵
˻֣ڹ⸡֣ȸղǾʬӸߴ󣬸׳ʬ³֣һ¾ߣ
˾ĺǣγֵʬϾףϢȫڵɱ¾׵׵Ĺ
ɷϢףʹɵף
ͻȻ˵ʬ׵
ףֲʲôϡĲϣֵ˾ȣƺֻǷ˲ŹõĶɣɷʲôôߵͬ飬ΪȻ˵
㶮ʲôѹһ磬ҲܹϺ÷ģʬϵףַϺ÷Էۣһºص֮ǽķҪ˵޷ƣѰնķɽҲ̲ҿƸƺ̺ؼӺķҲһϵķôûô
λҲǶ֮ˣȷһķأأֻû׻նѣ
ͻȻԱһ˲࣬ƺҲͬ׼Ѱ
ң׵ĴСϸĳϢƺԶԶֹǽڽûаٵΪ봩
׻֮һַֻеϵĶȽʿʩչ׻յķӵƷʣǷ֮еļƷصķҪ׻ղܴģвܹͨƾϺʵﵽصƷʡ
ԱЩ㤡
˭˼ڽصĺȻɰļƬϵƣɷϣ
˭˼˺ʵ׾ףʿԴ𣬾Ȼ˵ʬףֻΪǿղ
Գۣ㳡Բɶһ£ڳǼʶˣղһ쾪׷׷ڿУԶ˴ħʿҲȫ
˭Ҳû뵽һ־Ȼʬòۣмҵ֮ԵЩֲˡ
̬
˿૵һ䡣
û˷·ȫĬĬͬ
ҲԼ˵˵ɵɫסһӰ
ʬؼףֱҪ˵һԣ㿴ȥҲ֪ǿ״ܵģҪ˵ʬͲǻûѪ⾫û㱻˴ֽ۶ϣͷأҲȻץս
ܿ죬ȴüͷչ·¶һ㣬һ
Ϊٳ˶ĵĹ޲ߣҲ̫Сˣ춦ڶҿ
䣡
һȣ˷·֮һƵ·ʲô¡
ʶ̧ͷȥȴû֮еӣҲо˷ӿⴿһԴĻ󣬷·ʩչط֮䣬ѹ
һ޷ݵĺ嫣䣬ԴԴϵشӿ˹·ӿ󺣣ˡ
˶ʱЩϢ·˱û׳һƬˮ֮У
ϵķ³ַˣ
Ⱥ֮Уʱһ
ôܣѾȫһӦûԪ޷ָŶԣôָ֮죡
ⲻܣԲܣϢô˴⣬ⲻϢ
ôҾȻķ֮У֮ܵûдһƵԶܹϢķƷʣȻѾӽɵĳ̶ȡɵķ
Ⱥħӣڶ࣬Ȼ඼³˵ΪȴվЩʶ֮ȻϳϢ
ûдϢɷ
Դϴɶһ֮õɷӣƾһ˿ӣķ
ӷƷʶۣѾһЩʿЩŵľˣǵûа¶ǰǳ׵
Ժ۷붦УΪڶĴأÿһմȾɵϢڶвᴿڲͬ
ֱʱᵤѳɣӵһԱ֮ټϺرȣ޴Σ֣ڲųͷų
ķȫͬѰʿϢ
˷·ԸоɷԶһʿķʵ⣬һ嫶ʣ·ֻҪײһ£ܳװͬķûҷ𣬾û֮Ŀܡ
ͺͨȫûпɱԡ
˵𺳺;ԶԶֹڴˣֻӿϢһյķ³֮ͻȻһӰ·׵˳ȥ
ת֮䣬ʬǰƳؼףӡȥ
䣡䣡
ȸղŸңĵľ죬ȻըڿйҲһҵıըƵ÷ȥǱɢֿ֮ͣ⡣
Ǿػͷղʱ򣬲ɵصһ
ټĵ죬Ȼֱӱըȱһǣһľ޴ӳڵ棬ذȥľ˷ڣţǵصӿ˹ڷɿ
߿ֲ̬֮֮ʬﻹǵӰӣǵʱ򣬳ʧˣ


330 ˭ǹ£

Բʮĺ˼ţϲش˷ӿ˹ܿըȱһǵĺӣ𽥹ƽ
߸ߵ˻ţȴôҲȲ˴˿̵顣

֪˭ֹһʱ֮䣬˱㲻شĵһ֮ͬС
ûдǹ
ղǻΪʬǹȴû뵽תۼͱɱʬ޴棬˭ǹѾԶ
˿̴߶ƻ˹òӡ֤ĵһп˿񣬵ˡ
ǳʶǼԮͬǽᵤʦ֣Ĵ̽ݺ֪
УþжصķŵӴྫͨʣԲҪʶҲԼʶĸֶӼλԺлᣬ˴˰ѡ
ߣ˾ܰС㣬մ˿ϵ˵ʲôΪ֪ⰵмʣм
ֻǴ˿̣ҲûܹǻɱڵӣֽʬظǰҲ¶ӣǿѾ۷ˡ
۷а޷ħͬһִϾڳʿǧ࣬ɷɵģӵĳɾͣҲй˵ĵ
ΪﺮأҪصǸ߼ԱҲɵһ¡
ڲŷ֣ͬΪᵤԼĵԶȹ̣ǵԶԶ
Ϊסʬݵ⣬Ϊûע⵽ɲ⣬Ϊ;綼ԶԶڽᵤʿȴǺԥ֮󣬲һɱʬȫûһ˿á
˵۹⿴ϵ͵ռϷ磬ûг֣ٻʬ֮Ҫƾʬɱȴһһ飬ݺݵǡ
Ӣ۳갡ҵȽᵤ꣬ǰԾӣȴСӡ
ʬڵʬͬСɣǼĹؼ׵ģеľ
뵽ɵñ㰵ԿЦ˼Լĳ˵ʬصǷмܵסҪ˵

ǰջŶŵĽᵤħˣǼö࣬һʾ͵Ŀ
ܹ˳̶ȣҲȷһ̾
һ֮̾ħ˺˵ֻϧЩ꣬ͰȫþýΣ
ԣʶصͷʵҵһԿģֹԼһˣǧĵ̣ҲĶ֡
˵ضһۣͻȻӢͬĸо
ʵⲢʲô˼飬ϾڵľѾˣΪ˻ʬþط˲ָľʩչ֣϶Ѿǿ֮ĩ
вЩ̾Ϣһţ½Ҫʹˡ
УȱţɸˣǾǺ޼ֵԣҲ˼ǵһС
پ޵ıҲûá
㾹ȻܻҵʬȻϣȻʼʩת۱㽫ʬ֮󣬺طŭˡ
ָ߳ŭΪһʼûаᵤʿٳһʬԸмԳ֣ȴû뵽ĻӦǶ⣬ףʧ
˾ȣֻۣ̾Уȫ˴̶룬·ڼЦԼһ㡣
زͷһۣض촽΢ţ۾һŵ飬Խŭ
ȻŭǶǶʼٸ
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ʵһ๦ħǷԴأΪͨĵ伮ʤħ󷨣Ѫݴ󷨡Щ֮ͨ
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ħӣ˵ˣᵤħҲصסգ΢ţ˫ۻԲôԭء
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æһЩΪǿᣬûճɽ̿ʬٻأһĨˮϣ˻ȴվֽޣֻؿղļ׹䣬Ϊһ׳۵ĺɫٴơ
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331 ħ
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ڣٳʬȴǲͣװʧ˿ʿս
ڴˣĬĬذˮЩջʬȻһӣһһߵʬڹ⣬·ɻǬС
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زɵŭһתһڹƾո֣һʬͦǰ

ڼϣһŮȴûսת۱תȥ
ʱڻɫŤͷһۣ֣һϹƿնȥ


332 սħ
ͻȻ׶ݣϮܻضٵضնǰлնϺֱۣȻְѶϱۺħ붦УҴ룬һĳ֣磬֮ӦӲϾʲô鶼ûа취
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ֻüĳһƣǧ߾޴͵ظϹ棬һľ죬ǵصˮƣӿ㼤˰ɸߵľˡ

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춦ǵѽᵤʿУҲģʵԴ춦ѳ
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Զ֮ʱ羡ͥϽͥƿ׽٣ɹ͹ɵֶΣͥͳεģʮشԲϣȽٷ˳ɣɽԶȥͥҲѳΪԶŵĴ˵֮ҲûɵĴڣħľǣѰһֵ˰ķǱǲͥ⣬֤ȥ׷Ѱ翵ĳʥ֮
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һӦţһ߰Ѻеĵ㵹һöȭͷСİɫѪ顣
ħ뿪ˣϲûˮᣬҪ
öѪ飬ڵһš
Ȼ޴ĻƣȼյѪ·ȥ


333 
ܿ죬㽫Ѫ°Χ
Ӱͺҵ𼤶ħȻһϻ͵ϴʮɸߡ

һĲҽУŻ֮д˳
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ҽһ£漴Ż涼ǵصĵն˷ӿȥ
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һͻķԽԽѺ۳֮УϢ֮䣬춦ڲһƬǽ壬ڶҲʼѺۣ׷顣
Щƾͷ·춦ڲڰռеǳ֮󣬷׷׹䣬ǿն٣յıһҡΣƺܵ˷ǳصĳ
ƶʱ᧿Σ
ħʵԶԶҵҪѹǵý߾ܲɡ⾪һĻҲľսæҧ⣬һ̺ԪľѪ˳ȫҲΪ籡źеͣڵһҵȼ
еͣȼա죡
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һڳ׺ľее֪ͣЩڶħʬɣ̺ЩħľһȫȼǻｽͣѸߴǧߵ棬ڵһȻٸǧɡ
޴ĺ춦ȱһǣԪ˲ȼڰնɺ֮ɫ
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һԻ֮УеĲҽкȻسȥһͷ췢Ӱ̤棬Żؿߡ
ҼˣڱҵԻסˣûлع񣬰ӿһĻæ˵
У춦նɱ֧飬Ȼ󶼱ٻѾٰѹڶˡʱɫͻȻһ䡣
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Ԥ֮УԼͻȻѣ°Ůħȫ֮ززȻħΪУȻŮҲԵɣ֪Լ鷳ǰѯǼƤܡ
һж仯Ѹ٣ʱŷ֣Լǵ͹ص龳ĸ߽Լ⼸ȱɱȵģڣУѾһɿƥеķûˣ춦ǵ̺飬ȫѹŶԷһʱҲԼ֡
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ҧأȫ߶źƺҵѾԼĴﵽޡ
Ȼʱ׵ͻȻµı仯ֻͷ췢ӰԱߣڣӰ
ħͶ飬΢΢һ
Щ̣Ǳѹڶ׵Ļħ
ЩħʱЩãɽħѹեģѾҶеԭʼԪںϣħ飬ô
Ǻҵ𣬺ҵջħ飬ͷųˡӼЩħԶ޷ģ㽫ѹȥϮ
ħúܣҲɲãɽеħһ㡣
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ʲôʵ
ȲҪô࣬Ϳѹˣ죡æ
ԥһ£ǸıɣͨԻħ꣬ħ֮ȥ
ЩħȻ֮ΪԶĴڣȻųƿԷپĺҵ𣬶ûܰջϵطţ֮Уתۼ䣬ɺĻ·ŨỤ̃зŨī
ħ꣬ͻȻޱаҷ裬ǣܿ籬ըһ㣬֮ߡ
⡭
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ħԿٵ֮ǰڣǱл־¾ƻޣ־塭һ֮ĴڣħȻҲħ֣ȴΪ֮ȻأȴҲȻԵֵЩħ
Ҫ֪춦еʮöħ飬ǴǧʬģޱȵŨټѱӵͨԻкҵգ񣬵壬Ǿ־ΪʱһħϮ̰ɣһлҶȻ
һħϮɷǳµģԭǿʵ벻ͨΪҪô
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ӵĻЦһæӰħ裬ȴǲϷ棬ա
ѡֿħ˳ȻսлӽıˣֻҪıסͬʱж뱾ϵܰ
ҲͬĻضһԣʱʱ͵Ϯħע⣬Ӱˡ
Ӳɵһʱŷ֣ԼͨѾʧЧٶԿ񱩵ĵˣǵƺҲĻ֮У͵Ϯһ£ȫע㼯еϣ׷ɱܿ죬ٲٿӰΧһ
ҵǵһʱֱеͺľԪҲݽߣǻһӰŴ˳ݺݵնȥ

Ӱһҵ˻𣬾޴Ӱ͵ӡ֮СʱʹɣŵĵĻɵףһ׶ݣħı帽
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334 շħ
Ƿۣ࣬һĴڣǴԣû๩ѪǿҲҪԪˡ
ΪʲôҪԼı׳ƿء
ʱħ飬൱ڰħµġࡱ飬̵Ʒɢħ뵶֮ϵҲжϣʱ»Ұһ㣬ڡ
û˵꣬ħƷٸߣҲֻһߣԥذȻһͷɳпռ䡣
ı壡
ܵͻıʣѾħϮ־ĵ꣬ѵõؾһ£ܿ죬ɢܿ±÷
żӱķͱŭһѪɫ⣬ݺݵɱĶײȥ
ֻǴʱķѾĴ֮ҲҪɢˡҵȼһʱظǰҲҪճɽܹ̿岻ɢΣѾ
һײֻǰѶײ÷ɵɣܿסΣվ֮С
󣡡
춦УĴ׹ⲻϺ䡣
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ħɵӰ죬ԶԶҪΪںսʵǿ󣬲ܣȴΪ춦УʮɵıҲԷӳɣټϣ춦̺飬ԵֵһʱɲлҲ츳ܹٿغҵĺҲӵԿıǮ
ʱħͻȻϮָһʵűץסᣬƷ
˵ܹһħշǵϸѾĻĽͬʱҲһЩҵĳɷ֣Ǻʱ˺ͣҲӮôɡ
ҷʱħҲݳ춦гȥ
ٰЩħ춦ѾûжԪһֺĿˡ˷֮ҲɵϼӷСذЩħռ
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Ȼô󣿹ֲҸоԪɢң޷תңĵķҲ޷ٴӶеõ䣬ҲֻðЩԶŵͳͳһҲˡ
춦ԶŵЩɶзֵԶŷҲǵЩ춦棬Ҳֻôܾ޸ƣɷ
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뺮ؽ֣ʬ°ħõļǴڵڶ֮еķڣѾЩĹ⡣
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һһͨѪ䵶С
⵶Ѿûе꣬ͲǷˣĲƺǳ̣ղҼǵ߶նȫܣͨĵرһ㡣˵
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ӣ֪⵶ʲôɵԹżƺ￴ȴһʱ벻ˣ֣ϲ󣬲ɵ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ˼
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ӵһ֪֣ͣһǵزϣصǼͣԼӵоԪͨɽĻܹʹͨҲƾմ߷Ǿͨĸ֣ܹ˫Ҳͬԣõϡ


335 Ů
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Ͼ죬߸ߵˮǽӳڵҵϣ·ϵһ롣
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ԭ˼ʱԿ˲龳УͨʿգҲܹӳ龳ʿղյ֤ӽ͵
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ˣҲܴ⣬ΪصķѾҪɢˣ滹ѺһᵤʿǲעĻпܱߡӵ˵꣬䣬Ϣȥˡ
վڿһ£СģӣǱǰζˡ
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ұ죬Ƕԣݹ飡ŭȣڵһһİɺ¶ɢɭɲϢ
ȻĹȣ춦ҲشеĵͶһգƳһŻ棬ŻŻŮǿġ
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ҲٱŽңæġ
ǾƲԳԷƣǵչʾֶΣſʵ㲻׼ϻһ䣬һ䣬ûУģ棬ȵ
ڵӵգթûмʶȴ˵١ҲһǱƱۣԼֵ׶һ㣬ħŮ϶ʵһֱǺ飬ȸһȻſʼʻ
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Ч
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СŮضڰӰõӣҼΪӰڵһϵӵܡضʵʵش
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˽أʬɽʱʶġ⣬ұܹݣ෬ضԥһ£ɫɵòһ£ջʵʵذȥ˵˳
룬ǺؾȻǸӣϹˣȻῴôһŮӣ˭˲֪ڵӳЩеŮ֮ض˵ǰɵ÷Цؼ
ضɫһһףķ˵Ļ뵽Լ֣ǿ磬ҲֻȡѣرͣĬˡ
Ц֮ҲܿͣҲ֪ڶƫΪɱ¾֮伫ĴֶΣδر˱ӣһЩڼڵӼҲҪöࡣ
ˣʵҸղЩҲûȤֻǿûȫгѣЩ֪ģ㲻֪ĻԲ𣬵ңɲһɱô򵥣ұ֤ǰˣĻĻһϣధҸһʹģ
¶ЦͻȻǬȡһƤ飬ضǰ۾ر
ң⵽ʲôΪ㲻ϧðű¶ΣգҪȷûз֣ϧضԸң
⡭
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336 ׽
ƤȷйŹ֣ʲô˵ˣʱ֪ԼĲ²ȻǶԵġ
Ұ˵᲻ңͻȻضҧҧһʵ
Ȼɫ԰ף·ľĻһ㣬̱ڵأȴ֣ƺƤһܣ漴Ѻ޷֮Ҳ׽г
ѲµԼ˵֮Ҫɱڣǰָһ㡣
͵ÿıˣҲǲɱ֮ˣûбҪĻοҪɱûش⣬˵һǾ仰ĴңΪһ¾ͿԺŪңֻ߹;ڲ³ӦԼ
ȻұҲ޷ضһ
ͻȻ뻳ȴҪͳԸСشȡһƤ
Ƥǰļһģһصȴһƪ
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ͼһͼ˵һλԶĹڣԼűܡضĵ˵Ƥ˵˳
ʲôͼűһ£漴Ц㻹ǵ죬ʱ򣬾ȻڿңѵΪһ󱦲ؾͷԷȣ֮ˣֻѾã֪ű䣬ҪһҿܣȻڲ˰ɣ
˵ꡭɣض⣬򾲵ҡҡͷ͵Ϲ֮ʱ̫Ͻطɱжôͼȴ޷ǰ̽Ϊ˲й¶Ѵͼֳݣֱ˾ֵıϣֻоͼһʱ򣬲漣ı㣬һδռɵĲͼնԶȻȴվֻ巽۵ĲҪ;Ϊβɴ˵ɵޣֻԴ˻ȡɣܹһ·ˣǲŵĻڱּ㿴ǵԭģ
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ض˵ͷϱհǰûˣʲôУʵʵشǬȡһչޣΪʾ޺ص˺󼸲򿪣ⱻҪʩˣŪֶΡ
ֻչеͿĨƤϣ֮󣬸ɿݵƤˮһ㣬ú󣬹࣬·ոմӻϰһ㡣
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ؿƤƴԿƴһ𣬵ȷǴĳһͼ֮ȡ£еһ֡
СѣǲԶĹʱԺ֮Уһ󼤶˵ӷ·֣
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˵һ٣ƺϸϣòԴɵضͻԨ
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ͼʲôУʲôôû˵ʱĶ
ʵѾãͥʱҲֻֻƬ˽Ⲣ̫ݰӴ˵һרѹĵطЩͨˣ֮УΪײеħħһ𣬶ӵпɵʵ
ĵ˵ţ·˾ԶĻ䡣
ʵɹ֮ǰ粢ƽħ֣ңɱ¾飬õϴŵͳ죬ַ˹ȣȻپսɨա
֮УԭħħӶݵӶݣʣµҲܻѹ֮СԺΪɹĽɣΣյĵط
˵һΪɳǣͥط֮еߣȫͷųȥ߸ɹޱȵա
ͼǼδɽǰ磬Ҵͨɳǵͨͼֻһ֣Ǽ٣δɶ֪
ȻԨԴͼǺ棬ƵĿʲôΣ巽ۺԵĵˣҪǱ֮УЩħͷͷųȻ߸ɹֻߣ˵֪£Ҫٻǿ̫ħ񣬴ﵽɸ˵Ŀġ˵˼ص
ȥ̫ã඼ûʷ֮ˣΣ˭Ҳö֪ڿôҲûãŮ˻ƭֱѰ·
ܿ׿νţݺݵؿض
ضʵ̫թ̫Σˡ
Ů
ضܵɱ񣬲΢һ£ǿ򾲵ӣѾ඼˵ƤҲ䵽УǲǸ÷뿪ˣ
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лӡշһնк񱨣ǣضȸˣضС˺˼űúҵնϵֱۣǿջЦ
Ȼת𣬱Ҫ뿪
һҲȥˣĽͼ̣ԶԶҲ纮ôƭģǾ뿪Ϊٷڡ
û뵽ǣոշ֮ʱһѪ͵طϡ
㡭ضʧС
ŮȥɣһգӿһɺĻ棬ҵ˲֣ճ˻ҽ


337 ָʵ
ôͰɱˡԴҲֹֻؿɱ˻ʬضճ˻ҽɵ̾Ϣһ
СǾӣ޶ɷΪ˴֮ħӣʲô¿ɽͲض˵ˡЦһΪȻص
˻֣մȾĺɳͻҳȻضµǬһ£Ƥ⣬ûзĲ֮Ű
飬춦ôˡ·ϣٴηֳʶѯ춦
Ƥȣ춦״ĵ飬ϾѯضҲֻһɻ󣬲ѣ֪֪࣬صһ׮Զܣ̫ϵʱȤҲʧ
ֻǰƤպã㲻ˡ
ˣҪãħĺķڶУȻܹΪã춦ƻָһ࣬ĵҲˣֻҪٸҼʱ䣬ұܴпɿõĵƣָٵĳ̶ȡУԴһ˿ϲ⡣
ôǵȻܹϣԣҲǴΪ⣬Ϊ춦ԶŵܹõҲֻԶŵĵƣȴ룬Ҳ档
춦л鱦൱ڰħġࡱ춦ɣȡƺͲϣе˶пֲ
ֲ˵ĳ̶ȣҲ̫ˡ
ˣˣħϾȻѾڳģ𵶻꣬ˣǱƷͲʻڣһ춦ܹеõĺôǼģⲻЩԶŵе֮ȴ޵֮ʵ³˷Ҫ硣͵
ңҲýʡұһö飬̺ͷų춦ȫˡ춦ޱ壬ȫԪۻʵûɣЩԪ֧ţǶɢҲûϵֻҪĲˡ
⻹ǡҲ㶼ˣ
һ£ʧЦ
飬һĹϵ֮ãԭǿҲˣʣµǣ൱ʬһʬܶʲôãȻǲʻѪ̺Ԫ࡭
ʵֻͨһʱ죬Ȼˡ
صķ춦ĺôױȵģĻ¹ȥͶټԶŵδܹȵϡ
Ͼط̺ĵ뷨ԶЩԶŵкɱȡ
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ҡҡͷԼ롣
ʵ˵ܻɱһħ䱾壬ѾǺľǮˣ춦õĵҲĴ޷Ʒͷײúҵħ飬ͷħ˵ǣԤϡ
ѵһʱ֮Ҳ״취ͷˡ
;ΪŰָɣû춦ڷԲ䣬һʱ֮ҲûȥҸصطһʱ˵
˼Ĺâ
ʱһξһ¡
һڼ䣬쳣ûг֣ҲûĴѰǺָ޲춦
춦ӵʮھǧƣⲢ˵Щƾ٣ǧϵȻãЩõĵƣ£Ѳȥǰ㻷ۣ¸ӵ
ʱΪ˿ٻָʵ鶯ıЩƵͷħµĺķ֮УȡõƣϵزŴ֮еСеķʸһһ޲
ȥָһٶҲжȫݻ٣һƱ޷ɷԣ˿̿ʧأ޲ȴǱ׵öࡣ
ٴƣͬһһ޸
һֻһʱ䣬޸õĴ󣬱ٵ֮ˣʱоԪӿ࣬ȹȥһ
ʵҲȻ֮£Ϊȥֻ޸һٶ󣬶һٵɸ󣬴ԺΪڶԣЩ˵Ƿ
ô˵ûЩû춦ԪĹãֻͬѰʿһ㣬ƽӹ档
һʧ춦޲ãһǿ˼֣뷢ָһ
ͬʱҲȡöȫ䶦Уȫ߶Ԫ·𳤺֮ˮϲڶеĿռ䡣
뵵³棬ʱش˷ۣĵĶӰ֮·ȪһϷӿ֮ɢȥڿռ֮Уϵѭ
ҲɱڵӣӶǹ߳ɱ˶ᱦ֮ԣúܣԶӵаҵǵ񣬵ҲǺѹ
һ£춦еԪָŨˣʱŽᴿתΪԭʼԪȻ
춦»ָҪü֡
ãһҵķȫָˣڵڶ֮УҲѾٵʱƣЩ᲻ֻ࣬Ҫ񵱳Ϊ׼ľͲвĿ죬ʱҲ԰ˡ
ʹ߲ҲõˣǻȥΪΪкڣ˻ȥĻᡣ
оԼӵԱ֮㿪ʼŻȥ
Ҿһµޣָ춦ҲӵһЩȫٴ뺮ض󡣳ȫ֣вҵ
Ҳӵħֶδǿ񵱳ܵˮˣʬȫյĵն飬Ϊı취Ӳƴˣңҷĳ̶ȣλָҲòŵġ
뵽㿪ʼǰһ·עϢ䱸ܣñ͵Ϯ
Ȼٴλصεʱ򣬶ʱ㷢֣ԼСĽȫǶ࣬Ϊ嶺Ҳˡ
СӣȻԶԶǴ߷߲ƽصʲôҹ
ʦܡȴǵǵӭ´һŰһչЦ˵ضһۣȻߣһ߾һ£ǽ˵ˡ


338 ;ɱϣ
ֻǱâѡˣôҲˣ
үүʧµǱڤ֮紵ص֮󣬾׼ǰ㣬ŲƲǼ֮£Ҳһ׼ŵԳС򵥽һ¡
ԭүүҲܴգ硣˵ľůοû£ͺҲֻǸѣˣүүǱߵǣǹȥɡ
̸ֻܶõ˵ͷһɵߡ
үүһ
㻹ǵ죬ȻʬڵҲǡ鲻ؿԹ˵߰ɣǻشĶȥ
үүǵ춹ģ㲻ҪʵѳְѺظϳ磬ǰȥ鷳в죬д
үүѺظϳ磿ֲûڸڵĻ϶֪ҪģþͿˡԣʱҲ嶵ģɵðԸмҲͺˡ
ˣһҪһˣѺԼãһ𵽷Ʒȥֻǲ֪ⳡʣ᲻ڵϵҡͻȻԼƣ˵
㻹£ðɣȥأ㡣嶲ͷػ˻֡
Ҳ֪龳֣ʱ䶼ǼΪģȻ͸ԼСȹǵ˵ͷת·ȥ
үүҲʦһȥɡԥһ£ͻȻ˵
ŮҹܲСˣȥȥɡƵصԭı֣˵⻰Ҳֻһģ˿˲Ȥ
ʱݸһЦȥˡ
ռ˽ɽͷЩħӼŸǰǰȫ¶ͷŵҲûմ⣬¾£ںֵ̲ȴϢȴʹ߽١
֮ڵһɽҵƺˣ˿֮׷ӭ
ʦ֣ôֻˣЩʧ٣ǻΪѾط뿪ˡ
˵ţĿ࣬Ϊ⡣
⡭ⲻʦѾˣ
ԭǡʱżˣɵҲһ¡
ôʶʵ
ʶǣǶҴĵӡ˵
ǴǴˣʵ͸¶ԼǺһ㣬Դ׵ŵӣɴ˿˴ʶҲΪ档
Ȼͷ˵ʦܣǼǺҲãһ㣬ķ壬ϴǺҲĵϵӵܡ
ˣȷ˵Դסô˵Ǽļ嶼ͨã˴ϵǳУʵ
ˣʦʲôֵ
񻹲׼ĹϵҲ֪Щ⣬˵˴̽ҵδҲ̫ðˡ
֪ҺʦͶϣɵ£ηشףԭҲҪףֵģȴϣ;һ˳֣ͨõΪɣӡǵݣΪ˳ǰһСæǾڸԼ˵һ£ۣǺ޻˵
˵ԤϣһСС
һ£ԭˡ
ˣһֱǸţĿˣͿ˳ˣƾʦֵæǾ͵ðȱ̬
ʦ·ԸҵУģǻȥ֮ȥͳ˵£ڵݵλٻ˵ϼ仰ġѵ˵
˵һֱʦ⣬ҪĴͳٳ£ʦûгֵҲˣǲ˵ʦֵĻǳ롣ӰΪȣŴ£Եߣ·ֻһ󡣬ޱȵʹޡ
ҲֻãԱ缸쾳ѣΪʦˣǵʦĿܣʦ֮ϡˣСò˹ϲλףλɸͬġҲЦص
˵ı֤ɵðͷȻƺ²һ㣬׸Ȼ˴ϵУԴѹԷĻʱҲǲŹģΪһС֮Уߣʵǿǳͷ֮ƽʱûлᵹҲˣһлᣬ˵Ĳ¶
Щһ˵ȫڼԼȢʦ㣬ƻɼһߡ
ҲǶԼᵤ磬Լǽᵤʿǰ;ԶҲ׵Һͺ
Լӣܣɵɢޣ˵ãΣѹͷȹһܷǵ˵
⼸˴Ӧøɴ࣬ȫȻûһ˿һͨңѵɵñ΢΢һЦǶ˿ԽύȴķΧ
ǻģϲŭɫȫ޳ǸĻСţūͳ
ãһб㶼ˡȲҪ˵ôҲڵЩӣûҹǵ鷳
˰֣ʾ˰
ǳЩ˷ǳЩ㵽Ϊֹã׸ԡ
ǼգĴ㣬ȴʼѰãΪǵ鷳Ǳˡ˵
˵Щ˼͵ʦ֣ҲȲѣϾǺ̫ˣǼʵȻǶġ
ҵȻ֪˵ͷ
ˣʦ֣֪֪ǰЩһλǱŵ龳ϣѺظˡͻȻᵽ¡ǻ֪λߺص龳ϣүү嶣ǵı֣ҪһҲףԲʶ
飬Ѿ֪ˣǣҲΪ¶ڱǣ벻ھͻȥЦЦ˵
ʲôھͻȥˣʶλ龳϶Բԣһ£ܿ죬µࡣ
λ龳ϣʦүү˵
ԭү٣ֲܹ״Ǻأ˲ɾȵضһۡ
ǵ֪ǰвɵöӿˣΪǶǷʳɵţпܵǷ켫λپǼΪģĴﶼԸԮΪء
ʦ˵֮¾ԣȷпܺʦɵ£ʱҪүŮˡ


339 ;ɱ£
ԭԸҡźȺǳǽᵤʿԭ򣬴ʱ֪嶶ĿأԽµüᶨˣ˼ѾϧңҲҪ֮¡
Ҿ˵ãҪԸһֱʹұ֮ȻҲţȣþ̫ԶˣʦֿҪᣬȴѾ˽ᵤ磬һλܵص㣬ǰҲģôù
˼ʱǰ˸ףӴ⣬֮һֱ̬ȣָŮĻ£ҺͻãʱףֲңҪӵгȻĵλ
ԴӲãҳôһλʳɵţ𼸺ǱȻڵĸԶԶӵһλ龳Ҳ£Ψһѡ񣬱ǴԮȻҲֱ֮ӾͰԼӴ˻һǸǰ;ԶţԶǺҪöࡣ
˳Ȼ۶Ȼϵ
Ϊµ࣬񣬲˼־η
֪Էܹ෢չزǵֻ෼İܳµģþ嶵ϿɲС
ڳǰϿɡ
ȻԼͬһĵӣȴѾﵽ洫ӵĵزʵҲɲ⣬ԶԶԼͷӰȼܼġ
βգͻȻƺ˵ңԶϷִµĿأϵλߡ
ƣ֮ʣβǰɾһҵ
뵽ҲɵȻĶΪԼ뷨
ȻҲһĲҪβմȾǰ׵ģôӳС
Ǳȥ֮ҵ嶡
үү⼸λҴнʶѣһ뿪صϼһƢŹ֣ʱЦе˵üëģˣǰһųˣǷƵģҲСϱƽʦġ
Ȼ嶼̬ɫ㻹鷳ˣϻ˵ϽѹһŸϻȥǶء
ԣæ˻֣ʾ˹
嶳ϡү
ƺˣԳƺݼ
嶿һۣûмᣬǴӻͳһ
һСľ·ۣҷͨ°ףƺһɣ嶰׵У缴ܿΪһҳɵȻبգǰ
ԶһЩʿߵĶ׷״ӸԲĵط˳ߣۡ
ʲôȻ̺ʵ龳Ϣ
ôķۡ
쿴ǰܺصλǰԱ߻λʦ㡭ףʱҲˣվһѵģ
ʱ˲²Ȼһ㣬ڴ׵ŵӣ嶺Ҳ˽⣬ȴҲܲµӦϵ龳֣ңԲרŸĽʹߣרǰġ
ҪҪȥλǰ뿪㿴ЩӣҲ˷һŵ⶯ͬ
ˣ㲻Ǽ˶ߵüģǸͬһˣȻմȥǺǰƽԶ㵹ҲˣרǰȥʲôҪƢŹֵģ˵ðֱӰɱԩ
ֻ˵˵ѡƵֹһԴʵصˣʱ䣬ʹǰҲҪˣٶȼҲ޷
Ҳ֪ķ۷ϱܵϵġ
ܿ죬嶣࣬ƣ񣬷Ӱ죬ѵˣۣ֮̾УУȻ󣬷ǰͷһ޴ĺɫѷ죬ҷ䣬ֻһʧӰ١
ͷȻǹ󰡣Ȼ龳ǰҲרǰ
ʧ֮˷·оѹؿڵһʧ˵ҲղǰСˣ±˵һ
Ļû˵ĹΪͬҲֻ֪һνɧѡ
ʱͻȻָգһ쿴ʲô
С֣ʲôţͬ˳ָķȥҲһ
ǿһڹ֮и֣·Ͷʯһ㣬˸ղŷʧĵطƴһضһ㣬ನֹẉ̂ɢһ䶴ߡ
λãؿǸ䶴ߵһĨ׹ڼٷţ·Զȥ
ͷ֣ʱʲôˡ
⡭Ǹղʧķ۰
գŲơ龳ֶΣԵ龳ֶΣڹ⣬Ҳ龳ģѵӸղ𣬱һֱ龳Ǳڸ͵ǶգȻ;ɱ
һ

ڴʱڷ֮С
ķǺܰ
뷽֮·һԼͻȻӻĹŵĻɽҰ룬ͻȻص˷ף¥ݻ¥İ裬Ǽ֮£ȫһηϣǹ
ڷ֮⣬һƬڣ·īˮһкУһƬġ֮УϡҲԼǵ㣬ֲУ·ˮ˸㣬ӿ
ľǵһμǷ֮ʱ򣬴ӴĶ죬ѼһΣʱ𺳱С࣬ݺľͷȴҲһ飬֪Уûмʶַġ
⣬ƣȼҲǿĿɿڴ·ƽ˻ʹ֮Уʶʵ˾סĺһ㣬۾תˡ
ƱֵøӿţЩ԰ĵ˲ԵƺҪ֤ǲ
ʲôֻһͨķзѣԶ֮ʱɵ۹԰Ʒķǲĺΰ׳ۡ̾еɫҡҡͷΪźصֻϧƺԪ˥ߵɽҲ䲻ˣҲѰҵõôĵرЩܹóҲ龳ʿܹõġ
ү˼ͨ󣬷ޱߣҪЩݺ֮Լģ˷ۣ߹ֲʧţɶֲǷƷζݡЦ˵ƨ
٣嶵ظЦһҪ˵Щʲô
ʱɫͻȻһ䡣
ãиְ;أǶҴãǧҪ


340 սأϣ
ôԣһ
ϲ죬²ŵأ֮Уֲ۳Ͷ٣ɽˮ˿·˰;أ
Ҳ֪󣬾ſڿӵΪԶԶԼˣ˵Ǳ㲻м١
ѵҲ龳أʮأ¿鷳ˣﲢʲô͵ڣһʱпۣܲۻġ
˶ʱܵѹΪ֪λ龳ֶԣԼЩСǾ޿֮ģͺǲˮ֮ˣ۷Զɺӣʣ䵽ˮУϱҪΣա
˿̣ǶǴ֮£һصĸǰ嶷սҲ˲Ӧˡ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬дæɳ⣬ҺˣãǧҪ
ʵ׸ԣҲ˶Ŀɳ⣬ӭˡ
˴һƬҹյı֮Уһĺڹ⼲ɶֱײ
һץԶһߴǧɣ޴ɽСǳһմ󣬷˹
ǻͨ
¡
һʽǻǽץصСǳȥ˾˵ǳ򵥣ȴȷȷʵʵϵֶͨΣзˣ룬ҲϢ
ǿգӵǳʱպ֮УȵСǳͻȻһץǳϣܵӭǳ֮ʱǲܣһײȥ
Ƕµľ޴֮Уһڹⵯ˳ȥ
ɽһײȴƸûӰ죬һתۼ֮С
͸ʯ⣡ǱԨأ
ڹû»һ缲ɶ
С嶼صһٴ֡
¡
һװľ죬֮У·һѷ죬޴ſѪ죬ǳݺҧȥ
մ󣬻Ӱ޼
Ǻڹ⣬ѸٷɶݣһۻҵĶ󣬾ȻӲشǵѷ֮д˳ٴνӽۣͬʱһ޴ӰģԶŵϢǺڹ֮з˳תۼǧɳӴ·بʵǼʣضǰ
ת֮䣬Ӱ㽫嶵ķڵ֮䡣
϶ʬڵǿʬԶʬ볤ϼһ߿ľܣͺúභһɣϵЩˣǵҾͲˡ
һЦţھ޴Ӱı
ˣһԲԶʬҵʵҪҲ£ǡ嶵ɫʱüѿ
ˡǺأ
վڷ磬ҲдһЦʱɫ䡣
ֱʱǲſ壬Ұ;ɱˣ嶽ֵģȻǺأһΣûӵ֣ܵһֱþȫǿʬ볤ϼԶʬ˳
˶ŵӣ᲻ȱһ㶼Ǳŵ֮ʵţһؾȻֳϣҪһˡ
Ȼǻɱ嶣ϾôҲ龳֣ŵĳϣǿоʵĶ֮ԼԶʬֻԣֻΪ˲סʩԮ
Ŀ꣬ڷϵЩˡ
ּˣ
Ȼ嶶½֮ЦŷɽۣŴϱ̧ͷӹһ˿ĳޡ
أ°ܽȻҲҳ֣ôһħҪڵķ֮߳վ˼װ֮ϣԶԶźأ
ͷӲߣҲС˵ϻֻһ䣬ض°ȥװôˣɭɭ˵֮У˺һϿᡣ
ԣðճ嶵ɱˣΪŪض䣬Ͼǰһ£˳ǣ°ߣΪҪͳԷġ
ضʦܣ˵Щʲôѵضձ°ߵڵӣصĻҲµ⣬ɵðд˽ѯ
еضŮӣҰ°ȥΪѯһ飬Ժٸϸ˵ڣҪԸأ˵ñҪŪһŭˣɲҪԾһתǰкһȻ¶һǳŹֵа飬ζظЦһ
ȻҰôˣйŮɲһһһ£˵ô˵ƺǸضֻϧǵ㣬ճղء˸˵Щĵ̣ѾΪҵĽΪҷһˡ
ʲôضŵӣǺ˵ԣΪ𾪡
㲢ţں˵ұ㿴֤ݺˣضҳ·ͻȻһˣһаħͷ㣬ЦţץȻ֮ץһŮӡ
Ůƺܾ˷˵Ű£ڣ˺ۣϢҲֻ֮ϣһִӱ۵´֮ϣ߸ߵؾš
Сԭõˣſ۾úÿһţƺԸԼӣҽЩ㶼ôƺҵģʲôˣ
ˡУضſ۾˺һۣȴ·Ѿϵһ㣬δˣֻ˳ӵӦĻధضض첻ˣ󡭡㡭
Գʲô˵ٱˣļĸҪõҵĳңùҵĽֺͷУôԣǾͼţĸоɣ
ˣҴˡңңļĸ㴦ãߡ
⡰ض·߽һ㣬˳Ļ˵һ̯㣬ϣ·˵˼㣬˼㣬ֵģõõĳңĿ
࣬ƣ񣬷Ӱ죬ѵȼ˿ȫһ£񣬲˼־졣
ȷӦйŹ֡
֮У˵˽Ϊ˵ģȻ㲻ʲôʿϷһȴԲǸаɫ֮Ů֮ϣɣмںаŮӻãɫǷ
ڴ˿̣еǰȴΪȻ⣬ղд˵Ļһƺ뵽ʲô
㵽׶ضЩʲôȴû˼ԼĿеӣŮ񣬾Ȼ˻תл֮£ʱ޷ͣڵһױˡ


341 սأ£
նķۣһģһ죬·𺣳شӿ˳γһԲĻ֣Ӳصһ
ֻ֣࿴üΪ죬ȥɶһ㣬󣬰Ԫҷۿһߣô⻤ֱĻ
ˣվڷϵˣǸܵһɼҵ·ŭ֮е壬͵ײһ޴ʯݺݵ
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ҵҡ֮УƺȼæײԵ塣
ⷽվ龳ֵķҲľӪģȻ龳ֲȫľ棬ֻΪųӣӳֵķҲ
֮ⷨУûбдˣȴԼײˣֻߵ°ȥǾЦ˴ˡ
ƺȼŷȴ·Ű嶤ʵڼװϣ̩ɽվţЦЦżĺء
Уضǧģڳң欵̬˵Ŵ̼صĻһػϽ͡
ʲô𣬼Ѿȫʧȥǣһɣȫҵغ
һç򣬲ײǽͷ
ãҷȻǸ߽׷Ҳסҵĺ͹ȥĻҪۻġྪʦܣ취
ļҷûôүүںǹභܿͻǵģοҲ޸֮ȫŻܺأչԾȡ˰֣ʾٰ꣬ͬʱһͨѪ䵶С
ħǰʬڵһλɽƣݴλϽ龳֮ΪӵһֱУѰɽ󴨣ռĵرϧۣѪħʥؽмʮ꣬ɡ
˺ǳķĴսħĸ֣֮䣬նɱ˽ӽ龳֣Щ龳ֵľѪ꣬Ϊص龳顣
Դ˵ʣ飬һȱ춦Щȱȫͬģһ֣תִŵķ۳ɵ籡
ɱĵһѪɫ£Ȼն
ն
޶żȻ֪˵֣Ҳµȡ״ͨѪɫ֮⡣
һն̺ٵ߶ĵעʬ֮ͬͬǣʬõƴʽԵ÷ǳֲڣ˿̣÷һ壬ƺǿࡣ
Щٷ߶ĵ۳ɵԶǧҪǿ󣬶ң׼ֻҪɵϢҲԶ׼Ҫٵö࣬ٴ˾ٲðΪķգºҲشͷ
˵˴˵ʵȫ̤һµ̨ס
ʲôħ¾ȻˣؿһĻҲ֮ԭΪħطССĽᵤʿҲ޷Ʒ˵ʧ䣬û⣬Ϊ֪ħ飬̰ҪõܴĿܣǱɣ亦
֮Բ׷ɱжʶӻԲԭ򣬵δҲǾãд˵Ѿնɱ
ȴû뵽˵ȻУе꣬Ѳ֪δȥˡ
벻ǣȻܹħն
ħѪɫҲɫأ˿⣬һ˹ȥȻǵɹʱ򣬿ѿһϸСƣתۼš
Щǿռѷ죬龳յףľ磬ǿҲӵħ£նһ
ǿĹҲҴ⣬Ҫ˵ͨһ㣬ͦԻֵˡ
ϵգ
һУоһڷ棬Ǿʮʱ̣ȻŹκһᡣ
ٴγܿٴλӵȽزסš
鵶ˮ
ĵѪ
£
·߸߹ڿУĵһηݳȥ
ת֮䣬ʮ̺ҷݣķҲ˴롣
ʵҪƵһȫȫһֻǽᵤʿʵʵҲδᣬȫƾ춦Ԫ淨ĹЧ˿ת˵ڶϷ糤һкԺ鵤𲻶ЩΪ޾سȫ
һնʮ֮֯⣬ѪɫһƬ
رݺύѪ֮УǱ֮ͻȻ֣Լ˷ȫѪɫΧˡ
Ѫ죿һбԭŭҲ·𱻽һˮͨ͸һֱѹ¡
ôҲû뵽Ȼ꣬Ҳʹһʽ
ַܿӦⲢʲôѪ죬ǴԵ֯ȫû鶯֮ն˵Ե߶Ѫ죬ÿһǻѪħ̺֮ǿ߻Ǵ˳ŭĻôЩǴȫǻۣҲ׷ŵ˽ҧ
ܵĵȻܼ˺գֵأҲȫԡ
ʬҵֵ
ͻȻǰһףݵʬƾ˳ֻںǰһڹӹͬյӿ֣һػ
Ϣ֮䣬ںһһҲĺƳ֣һʬ϶ʱһ룬·֮һͷεľ޹֣˺ҧ
߽ʬҲ龳֣Ȼħǿ󣬵ķȻҲ˵Ҳ͵Ϊֹˣķ߷ô൶ټȥ𣿡һЦݶװ
ץסʮ֮ĿյԽᵤʿķܲϢƴķޱߣҲҪʱϢġ
ղ֮һֱֵΪľѰᣡ
ʦСġӭ಻ɵþһ
ϵǣûܵķеġض·һɾźط˹ȥ
ĿŮˣ
ƣ񣬷Ӱ죬ѵʱȻ

һ죬۸ӿ֣ضд˳ȥڷ֮ϵķǶⲻڣҪɱûôףҪаƴȫǲټϣضҲûֵ֮
·ĥ֮У͵ӣźȥ


342 Ѿ
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ضԼص־ϲ
û뵽ԼȻױˣϲȻǣǣҵŮ˻صУҲ԰ҲͶѰΪˡ
û֣ӣΪ壡
дϲæ֣Ҫץס
ضˣҪҪؼʵԴ֮У˹С
ʱһã·ΰġضͻȻ۾
ͻȻתΪ峺֮У¶һ˿ȻᣬעӺأ·סĶߣص·ͣȻӽ˱֮УͷƤŮϣܵŨŨΣ
ʿĸӦиֱضҪԼ
㡭ͻȻɫ䣬׵ˡ
֪ʱضгһѳزš
ԺصΪʿϵضضȴǰֲĿĳ̬̼ȫѪӿԺȫʧȥǡ
˺Ƿ񹥴۵Ļǿд룬һֻһóԸضԼеľͷ׵Ժһʿ֪ҪʱֵĻˣһû˿һģ͸ɴ䵽˼㣡
㡭ضؿųֽġض𾪡
ֱʱţض˺Լ
ضû˪гһնʱ򣬺ҲڻعһץӲصֵס˽棬ѽ֮С
ضΪ˺Ķң
΢΢ţɬʵ
ΪΡΪΡ
Ҫɱ㣬ұɱ㣬ôΪʲôضüȻŤת棬͵ذѳ˳Ȼ綾ţʺźصҪȥ
һΣ֮ϣ׹ƣ̺ϸֲʩչؾۼ˽⴦

ŭ˳һΣ˳ʯ֮䣬ܹ棬͵ȥ
ʬɱǣش
ҪͷȻšض˳ʬʹȥٴɢ֣Ҫֹ룬ǽʬ͵һ𣬺ڹ⸡֣̾ʹӻϴһ󶴣˽
ʬ龳֣СĲҪץסˣǶȻȥȻ˵Խڶ˺ơ
Ը龳֣ʵѾȫãֻкųﲻٵĺҵԼطħ£ܸ˺ֻǣٻеӰƾצ֮˺Է
ˣ־ĸ֣Ҳ׶Ըģڴ˿̺Ϊضһ·ȥȻ˲ߡ
ֻһָ뿪ֱǧѷĴûᡣ
ҵ𣬸ӿֱӱΪĺУȫΪƻϢƮǾʬܿ죬Ǿ߽ʬ㱻ȼɺһͷײڷ۵Ļ֮ϡ
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ȴȼźҵԵʣ˻֮ȻҲȼգԭԵֵͻĻ֣ܴһ޴ȱڡ
Σû˿⣬·һж֮С
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𣡡ʬзһ˻𣬼æתͷȴѾˣ߾䵶͵䣬һ˿߱ͷ­ӾϷ
طȻϬⷨҵķ޷ʬҪ˵ͷ­նˡ΢΢һЦ漴ֱһӣ춦գ
Ϲ⸡֣εӰͷ­װ˽ȥֵ֮ĻʮöȭͷСӣīȾͨ͸󣬷·ǹҫ֮£ĵĹâ
ЩӣǱѹڶ׵ħ顣
ԭЩħ飬Ϯµ꣬湦Ȼٱ·ӡʱԸʬٰ˳
ݣ
һӣҵŻЩħ棬Щħ·ͷһ㣬һһȫȼʮâĻ顣
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ʬ˱ʣͻȻһӿֳսһ£ƣޱȵ
ҰħȼڣͿҪħˣߣ
ˣæһŽʬغ͡ضķȥȻڷϣ˸¥֮С
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ʬͻȻ˱ʣδüӦ㱻ߵԶӿ֣·ǧУӿ˳ת֮䣬ͷ­
ʱһӰӳƣ·ħһĽʬǻŭ⣬ʱ·ҵйȱڣһȭȥ
䣡
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һ֮Уһ׹֣ɻصϣû
ʦܣ㶼Щʲôˡ࿴ԶһĻһʵ
ԭǽʬһȭغ˳ȥѾϵһ㣬׿ˡ
ħϮʬʹײϣͷԻңΪ龳ʬ¾ǣұ֪龳ʬʵ񱩣ʲôζЦһԶգɻ
ֵܿʦ㣬᲻ٿүүķҷѾ˲ٿأҲ֪Ҫηٱ׷鷳ˣϷֶҲǹǻǿΪүү֪Զ֮󣬺ܿͻ׷ǻϵġ
ͽҰɣ飬Ҳһ˿ԣȻԣʶܹ⼸ֵģڱӿٶȣ˵ľ˵ͷ
Ҳ֪˵úеǶгʿ³ʿﲻ嶵æϹģ羡룬龳ʿֶΣⷨͨܿҲܹӦ벻ԶĻԷɿϡ
ֻҪ㣬ǺرضҲ׷ˣ龳ʿ֮нɱˣضıѾãֻҪļƻֻܸɵۡ
ĺǷ֮齻
˱һԵȺ򣬲ֻ֮۱棬ⷺ𣬷·ҹںڰ֮ɢĹ⣬ʱһ⣬ٶȶؼӿ죬նȥ
ˣ֮ⷽ黹ϵңЦЦ˵


343 ˺
ԭⷨȻǹУȴҲϵΪŮСʱҷҷԣҲסϢȵʱȻӵд˱ȴǿƾѪԵĹϵʹ
Ҳ֮ʿ׷Եˣֻһ˿Եķܴﵽ˾磬ҪЩͨ鿪ǣ飬ܹ˻һ㣬ɵõɣַһֱȥԷ֮ѳֻأĻ֡
ǳֻأͶ̥תܹɹȵɣӵǿ츳ӵı
ϹżأĳܱӣΪһת£ճɽ޳ĺôǰ;ǱԶˡ
ˣⷽҲǴΪƳ磬вɵ˵ԼΪ
ķȻѾ졣
ʦܣղŮǺˣʱڰѺصľ಻ɵ뵽һ⡣
Ȼɱ˱仯£ضŶҲǸŮѱɱʬǶҵˡ˵
ˣ΢΢һ
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ʵʱ򣬶춦ĴڣѲʲôܣƽദҲ֪ϲһر֪ر龹Ȼ֮ʱԳֻأתΪ˵ĵز
˿ʩչ仯֮Ԫ֮ʵûȻ˶˹ȥǺأΪضûƽ׵һ񵱡
ղʩΪҲװѺأڰݵسڷ֮ϣƽع顣
ԭˣˣ֪Ǻض˽飬Ǳö仯ضģƭʱҲǰʡ

дݣ
뿪֮ʱɫڣ·ÿԵγˮ
һǽʬϣԸͷƾշɳʮԶ
ɳˣӲһƣѸγϣˣʬȴͭƤǵĹͷ­ն䣬ֽ۶ϣҲָ̻
ƽųʬԸˣڣԼճƷζ˶ԸѲζ
𣡡
·ܵ˺صľ޴в߽ʬһγֻٶȸѸ٣ٸƮˡ
ĺ·һƬ֮УʬֱͻȻһŤȻ죬Ƴȭһºմ
һ˲䣬һȭͷӺǰ˳һ
ۣ
ɫһףʱǱײˤ˳ȥ


زϰ
˵ƺЩ˼飬ʵˣ˵ʬ˽ˣʬڵӣʬʹţ䣬˵һ˭ҲȻ
ƫƫʬսģҲʬڵӣΪƽʱٿʬǶǰɹʹã֣ɱͬš
ʬڱϾײɣֶ̭Σɱ¾ͬţԣһʬƣӲͷƤභ֮⣬Ҳ޲ߣ˺ö١
ǣ߽ʬʬ֮еļƷٱħ񣬶ԸԶһʬѡ
֪ʹʲôȻܹʬ񣡲УҲ˷ʱˣߣ϶ֿնɱʬٲϣҲҪˣϣֽʬ
شһ
Сӣк½ң
ص棬һ⣬·𻪸һ㣬ڵͷϡ
⻪һ֮УȻһϵ
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ô֪ϻ˵ҰƷؽüͷ˵
˵֮䣬ǬȡһһĵĻֽ
ʬǵҵΪѾ޷ѹˣֻǿаշ
ԭʬʬأԽ׺ݵʬҲҪԽķֶΡ
ʬǵǿʬֶΣȡʬ֮еĴ룬ʬԽˣҪƣ̱ܴӷиӦӶֹ
ڸղţؿ֮Ϻӿ֣·Ⱦīһ㣬ͻȻصΪѾ޷ѹˡ
һභò׽֮󣬺صϣ˴Ϊ֡
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ߣµۣʵ޻һͨƽĴ硣䣬һֻϽĺ«һֻùȣ⸱ģȫȻûһ˿֮˵ɷǣ֮ȵηʿ
ֵʱ򣬶â·һƣʼɢҲ·һϼ棬Ͷ֮䣬̺һ⾳
«
ϵǽʬٳŲæȡֻϽĺ«УȻȡָһ£һ㡣

ȼϵǽʬһ

ʬϣͻȻһңâֳ߰سź«ڶȥת֮âɽ˺«֮УȻ󱻵˸棬¹һ䡣
֮Ǿ߽ʬͻȻˣȫƣħҲʧȥ顣
ԭǻħֲܹʹʬ񡭡Сӣĵ˲򵥰Ȼܹʹа֮ֻϵһʱҲпĵ
ʲô򵥣ֻᵤʿѣؿŽʬ֪ʱѾʧȥǣȫ⡰ϡս«֮УҲ޷ˣɫٴ
Ͼβƴ֣龳ʬҲбеģʬڵӣһӵǿʬΪܣȴòɱ
Խܵǣ˾޴ĴۣԼȻʧȥ˵ټҷʬʧҪ׷ɱҲˡ
ǶħȻٻʬԭµǣȻҵضǸģ
ظŸղűض˵ؿڣѪȻڣȻЩۣɺ޵ݶҪŤ
ֱʱ֪ղŵġضɶ仯ֻ֪߽ʬͻȻ񣬳Լ֣Լʬභת֮䣬ضʧˡ
ҷģһɱģ˳ҺĲΪˣ
ؽҧĵ
ģ·ڲͣѪ


344 ;
ԪȡԪ
ڲݻķ֮У춦Ӱϵתţڶ֮У뵣磬·һͣЪȪĴմȾһƬ
һƬ֮Уһг·ڷˮаԲϷš
ȻⲢʲôԲҲζȣħʬնµͷ­
ղ˳ǣͷǽʬնһֻͷ̾춦УǱȡƵͷʱ޷ԸأȡһЩϢȴû뵽ͷ­ĺôȻԶԶ
û뵽һͷ­̺ľԶԶԽﵽǧϷľ磡
ңҴͷ­ϰľڲӣԶԶδȫڵĵز
ʱüͷ壬ʱ¶ϲɫȻҲΪͷ­ӵеľ־ϲ
ȻһʱĺҲġ
֪ʬӵ֮ľҾͲֻͷ­ҪֽŶնϣսˣȻн׻ͨ嵶ǹ룬ֻħղ˵նƬҲҪսܹٷ
ˣǲеģҿԸоʬ̺ľԶԶϴεħ꣬һԶԸǿ»ÿභһܰȫɵȰֹν뷨
ǰϴҺǵභ˸ܾˣҺôеõôֲʧҵĺҲûеˣҪٺ龳ʬδЩġ
һʬͷ­һ߸ŹΪ̣붦еĳ֮Уͬʱת
춦ȡԪѪ⾫תʱĴʱдܹ֮°빦ȳĶ츣ضá
Ҳ춦һ֮ԪʱظʣҲд˳ɾ͡
ҿԸоͷ­ȫܹһѾԶԶͨʿķˣѵ伮ϵļؾô£
ͻȻһƺЩյ龳ʿܡ
ԭòĹżʶ˽һЩ龳ʿܣ˵龳ʿԭֻԪͷǿʿͻȻһ죬գܹǧ糩УԵһС磬Ԫʧһ˿һս
ﵽ˾磬ֶͨΣ龳ʿܹԶΣǧˣԪϣЮͷԶʱĽ𵤺ͷڣȴƾմܹͬת
ⲻԪ̥̥ʿδգ룬ʿҲһЩ򵥵壬ǳ֮쳣пԶ֮ܵشûԱ
ҲΪˣгˣҪǿΪ龳һ㣬ӷ˰ϣԷۻ޳ɷ࣬ﵽأͨΪһ壬޾
ʱʿעصı㲻Ƿѣͷǿˣõ֮ˣ޳ɣͨ󣬷ޱߣ
ȻЩ磬ԶĵǣܹٷʵڶԪ
ҲҺʬ龳ʿǻ龳ʿûôöԸˣңǺһͱҼŭʧ˷磬Ȼʬ˲ϿơҲñٴϷˣ
뵽˴ɵ΢΢һЦ֮ⷿʬ­
ʱ֮ʬ­ڳʧȥ֮Ҳ޷
ֻһ㣬ڷ֮ϣӿˣֻҪʱգ㽫ڣʵĵڶ
뺮ʮĵķ˻ӯ࣬ÿ˶ջǲ⣬ٶΡ
ʦܣүүˣ
ʱͻȻȴƽأڷˡ
̫ˣүүڻκ͵ʴףֻӶҪˡæվСպãȻƿţ˳ȥ
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Ͳõˣүүû飬Ҳµķʲôﶼ˵ġ˵
ţҵˣǺʬڵţүүҲʳɵӵϵ츳غϲһ£漴ҲǻһЦ
ȱ˵ˣүүƺ㣬ʸղŷʲô£ȥɡߴٵ
Ӧˣ߰ɡ˵ͷ
֮ףж嶡
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㵽Ǻأǵ˼ޣҿԲĺǳǵģǵһϴֱ̣ǲ֮ˣ
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ղ֮£ǧȷΪ˶ԸȻ龳ǰҳ֣֪ͨ龳֣ҵţʳɵϳ֮֮ǰͱֻɱˡ
ԣɻ
үү֪ҺǺͻ֮󣬻ɱһˡԥһ£ǰض˵˳ȻҲֻ˵ضͺز岻ĹϵûἰƤ顣
⵹˽ǴطǳȻ̺ԶܣһҲδؾǸ֡
ҰУȵԼ龳ȥ֮̽ʱн⡣
ԭΪŮӣ˵ɣɵҲһ£漴ŭǺ֣ǺغôҲ֮˺ͿȻΪһİŮΪ
үүڿɲ׷ͿͿʱӲҪһжﵽϣʲôİ취̲ס˵
ȻҲ˵Ůġ֪һȺϲǣĻħŮ֮ģ˽֮ǺؾǰĽŮż£׷󣬵֪ΪѾȾָٰĥ裬ܹʵһ
˵ɱ֮𣬶֮ޣǲ죬˿ȻûжӣƺҲԶˣԺصĳ飬ԼڸĵĹŹƢپǿԤġ
ҲЩģٴүүɲܴδζ
İ취ʲôİ취ˣ롭Ȼش˵ɡ
˵գһָ⣬һ˸еޱȵľ޴󡰵족֮ɼ
ڻصĶˡ


345 
޳ɽᵤǴǻǷƷȥã嶲ŴӴջĿ⣬ʵ
֪үүкָ̡ƺ֮ɵʵ
ҲӦǺأȫߵĻһԱӻһʱطƷ壬һб㶼ֻܿԼˡ嶳µľ£㲻ҪûñóȻȥԼյأŮ
Цһ
ԼβãɽһУ˵ӦԲɹģ֮ǵ˺أվǲ
٣УѾ˸ǡ
Ҳ֪ϿԼԼδŮһˣ龳ǰݣҲûбҪ˵һ
⵹Ǹ⣬Һͺ֮䡭رɱһ˵ˣ飬ǲģСǧ׷ƷҲΪ档
˼ţû̻ش˼ò̧ͷ˵ҷִ󣬲̫á
ô˵Ƿǵûȥˣ΢Щʧ
⵹ү᲻ߣǴϧţǼѣܹúһضܹΪһ֣˲ţʵڼ֮УǼҪġ
ȥĻݸҲˣ֪֮֮ʩϣ£˲ŵֶΣҲʺϡ
Ҳ֪վˣԼҪΪãЧϣǼãģǵǺðɣҲ㣬ֻǣǺٴѰУӡڵΪԶĶ֡
һ
֪˵ͷ
Ҳ֪֮Ȼ֪˵ǽԣԳвˣһ߳ܵ飬äĿǿŻẦ˺
嶼ˣҲû˵ʲôֻǰ˹ȥһҲ֪Щʲô
λ龳ڣգֻǵУ˺ܿص˴
̻գ࣬ƣ񣬷Ӱ죬ѵˣһ̤˷طƷĹ;
ûд񣬷Ӱ죬ѵˣȻڷش֮ͻȻ׷Ҫһ𷵻طƷ塣
⼸˴ʲô⣬Ҳף޷ǾҪ洫ӣõõᡣΪʱԽԽӷף󶼱ң죬ɹѳУѾƶĵܹͷˣһЩʵŵӣҪڵõٺ»ҲѣʳԪس⡣
ܹҵһƴֵĶȥĲ˵ÿ¹ˣٺһЩҵһаʽͨߣҲǼ顣
嶺ǰ;ԶģǴͨҪʸĶ󣬲龳֣˶ԣңԶҲʲϣ֮ѡ
Ȼ֪ǵ˼뵽Լȷ֮ʣҲ߲ܣȫӦˡ
ڻͲãſԽԽá
ʦܣ֪ǰգүүҽȥʲô𣿡˸Գ׼ʱͻȻ˵
ʱ˹ͬһֻ޴ıϣǧ֮⣬С˵ֻһ
ʲôѵ鵤ʵ
嶵ȷ൥ȥ޷Ǳǽ鵤һıԱʱ֮裬Ҳû̫⡣
ʱҲֻΪϲҪԼһ
ǣҲǡһЦӦ˵һ׮Ŷѡ
Ŷô˵һ¡
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ʦ㣬ͱˣЩ飬һССӣ֪Цһ˵
ǺãҲͲˣʵɣǰүүҽȥǺ˵ġִƵϷֱǻƳϣľϣ̫ԳϣлƳϣǰҵſͣҲΪˣүүŷǻȥΪүүѾһλùķǷΪڱҪʱ
ִƵ棬Ȼſ͵ĳϣʱһ
ܿҲףⲢʲôɺϣΪƴ󣬾ö֮鲼£ִƵĴĶ죬̸ڣ޴ڡ
˵壬ҲһȺյԲˣЩɽʮľӢӣǳҡ
Ȼſͣ뻹үүֻĽҵȨơС𣿡ȹ󣬱תΪ˵ǡ
Ѿ֪嶵Ĵ㣬ȴãܹһ˳
ǰүүȥʱҲ˵ʱǨ½ӣѾΪųˣǣ˿ķʲҲķᣬѾҪκֻѰ;֮ˣǼΪҲһܹá
ϣɣಢûзϣ˵ͷͬ
ȴܿ˵ԣүүһ޷ܾ
ųҲ޷ܾѲǵõɣүүܹõ뿪Цص
ųϣ龳ϵĸ֣龳ְ񾳣طླͨʮԲⷶΧ
ͺ׷ˣؤǷˣʵҲǷˣֻ֪˿϶龳֣ȴ֪龳һ׶Σֻص½龳˵޳ɷ࣬Ƿͨкܴջ󣬵ʮصĸ֣κ鶼ٴǵˡ
ֻߣֻа˵õɣһջ
ô֪ѵүү߹ˣ뿪ЦĻȴɫһ䡣
ɣֻ˵˵ѡһ
ˣ黹йأүүǼɣǶ˵ĺˡ˵
йأʱͿˣһʱ벻ʮ㣬ܹ붯ԼСĽΪλԼйء
ˣ᲻֮֮ͫۡүүɶȽٷˣͻȻԺ֮һ֣һܡ
µҲشȥ嶣ֻð²ѹĵףǰȥ
ȡȣһ࣬·ϻء
֮˴ۣΪǺ鳤ϰ;ɱʣ˵ǣһ·ϲûκⷢ˷ǳ˳رص˷Ʒ塣
׵ˣɵˣ
ʱʶӰͻȻ֮СȻڴ׼֣ӷƷϵĽ۾з˳


346 ĥϣ
ôˣǰЩҳףҪãɽȡʱүү˵ȥҽϵ鷳Ҳǣңԭǰˡ˳֣ܿ嶵ȷ˵ҪԼϵ鷳
˶ʿӵаٵϷҲȺˡ
ʱ׵˺ɵˣӭЦк๫Сѡ
үүүүȻӦȻλˣҲЩ⣬û뵽үүľ
λǰôˣǴк֪ʵ
ڻһ˱ߣ׼ﳤס
ֻһ˱ߣ嶽µĻҲˣԸ£Эִ㽫Ա󽫣ɳ绢
ǵãʦԼ˵˶үүߵĹͨ洫үүλ龳ʿķյأȻΪޣһֱδᵤȴѴﵽ۷壬ͬȾ֮£ǵʵκθ֣Ҽʶ㷺ḻԶһ쳵ĸ֣Ϊĺſɱȡ
˵СɾӢƽֻǳ֮ʱһ֣±˻ҪǮ
ĵӣȻ½죬ʵǿȴվҵӵܣ˼ļƺͳǸҲܵһ
ˣĿУǿɿõ˲ţοڸǳֻа׶ƽλֻ֣˵ʵҲǼΪѵã
Ƿ֮ǰ쿴ͬʱտǵĲǲڵӣǱѹ׵΢΢һЦȻҲµ˼˵˺Ǳ㽫Э๫ִ󡣡
үү𣿡ྪȵص
ǣΪոշʳɵϾ˼󱲣ΪİȫҪ£ڣѾˣΪ洫ˣԶˡ׵˽͵
ԺǱ๫ſˣǲػȥһǲǡɵҲ˵
εºܣͶλүүæ˵
óǷǳλ˵ģȻ粻ߣȴǲãҵˣйͣпͣܵͬһſ͡
׵˺ɵҲԼڲãеĵλҲ飬ֻЦ
ʦ㣬λǰﲻ˵ĵطǻȥ˵ɡæ˵
صƷҲǵˣ˷ڸۡϿ˵
Ҳá׵˺ɵ˵˵ͷ
֮˻صɽĸ֮ۡУ÷٣¥ĺ֣׶ƽԼͬϣһͬǨŵӣع飬ȫˣɽ¸ۡչģҲæ
ʦ֣ʦ㣬ʱȥˣǵѰҲҲֺͺȥԪ̨һ⡭
ȸ֮һ˵Ҳû̫Ĺ˼ɣȱʵ
ڻ֪ൽʲô顣
ǰһʱ䣬ûѶͻȻ뿪˶оͻأ֪ʲô飬˵ģѾ
Ҫ֪֮Уթ໥ֱ̫Ƶˣ˵ͻȻɱʬҰҲǲܵ飬Ļ۾ӵСҪɢˣΪǲһɣҲûκοԼ̳ѡȫΪֻԸ׷˴֮ҲûκԼ
ͻȻʧȷҿǲܣ¼Ȩ龳ֵ͵ϮҲϸ˵Ҳ֪ΪԼãڰ˵ÿԴ˵ǡ
ʲô龳֣
ʦ֣ʦ㣬Ǳ龳͵Ϯˣ
ʦ֣ʦ㣬û°ɣ
ʱһ
Ȼ಻ڵЩӣǶв²⣬Ҳ뵽˻᲻Ǳ͵Ϯ׿ڳϣлЩ𺳡
ЩǣǷ龳ֵĳңԺѰ𣬻᲻ʧ꼰㡣
ǳţǣǳ㡣
׷Ķ˽ſֱͣ꣬ʤУûʲô׽ˡ˵ܹնݳĻþţȮһͳͳ꣬ɢܳ
⵹ʿ̬Ϊ֮ǿĵˣӵһ˿תĿܣӵеҲͬӵתĿܣǻޣѱĴ
˿̣𼸷׵ͷĸҲ⡣
ǲصģˣƽ˵龳ʿҲκǲ𣿡Ҳ֪˵˼˰֣˵
͵ΪֹǲҪҴҥԣҲҪӲ²⣬ȫر֣ǱǡҲ˵
ԣ𽥰
ʵҲ֪ʱľѳۣӲ²Ҳı䲻ʲôģԼڵԣһŲܡ
ˣǲڵʲô춯ûܵΪѰɣ˰֮ʵ
ûʲô춯ҲûΪǣ뿪֮һ£λǰͻȻפڴˣ֪£ˡ˵
˵ͬʱҲ˺׵˺ɵˣƺ֤Ƿɿ
㻹֪Щ¶ܾ裬ûǽ⸮ۡǶִ˽ΰǰס£ҿһֱ˵նСӼӣǱ˵أҪͼıƵģȤҲˣÿ֤Ҳð˳˰ɡ׵˸ЦһϷʵ˵
λǰȷʦҵĹǲ񡣡һæ˵ڲ֪λǰȻ֮ᣬϼӼء
ԭλǰʦĹС飬λˡʱ˵̬ڵ͵˼㡣
ҲǺ֣е֮λǰ¡׵˸ղ˵СӣȻǰ׶ͺƽ״Ҳæȭ
֪á׵ٴθЦһˣ֪߲ҲСǼˣûбҪ˵ˡ̸̸ôҼǵã๫ִ󣬵ʵ˴꣬󶼱ѹζȥʧˣǿҲѲ˸ϵɣ
仰ȻҲҪ֪֮󣬽Щʲô


347 ĥ£
ȷѲ˸ϵ˵ͷȻ˵ǻûкӣҲûʽִڼ䣬ʲôʧβͷϣüƣ͵ȡõҲͬκá
ԣɵðͬһֱû󣬹ϽϵȻõʲôΣһЩԭеȨҲûˡ
ǸоԼͺһȺͣӲɽйã˽ɽкεȵıء
󾿾ΣδãͳͳһŲ֪ҲǴͶϵİ׶ͺƽеõֻƬѡ
һ㽫䱾⼴ε֮ڴѹΣϧ˵ȴͻȻһ٣Ŀ¶⣬Ȼ˵Ҳżֶѣһ֣ʵڵ֤ݣγûɱɣ
ҿǰ⣬׸Ҳڲ˼ʱˡ
˵֮䣬͸¶һ˿ĥɱ
ʦ֣ɱԣһ
ԭΪҪ˳ִ󣬱ضҪƱЭȻԸĹϽȨ̸ˡ뿪˴֮Ѱı洫ų£ǵˣΪܹһĿģҲҪ֣ʱȡһЩô
ǿӲԶԶ񣬾ȻǴֱɱһһ
Ҫ֪ɲʲô֮ŵӣɼִʵȨһŵҲͬ
һŵӣҲ֣ȴ޿ִôһҪλã˵Ļ˵ûš
ԼȰȰͷ
ûдɱʵ̫ˡ
ֱڣǻ֪Ŀɽ˭ӵʲôĺ̨
οҪִҲǷǵɱɣ֮߰
֪ڵʲôŻ֪׷ɱʦܵ龳֣ģֺ޹˼ɣֺαͻȻ˵
龳ģסˡ
飬ǲ֪
ȷģ㲢֪Ҳ֪ΪҪɱڿˣ
˻⣬ģֲá˵ͷ
˵龳ǷɱˣҲͻȻʼ⣬ΪҪ£ֱʱŻع顣
ʦ֣ʦ㣬Ǵô̸Ŀڵ
һᰲŵģǶȻȥɣ壬ҪԪ̨ҵҪȥݼһλǰ֮顣˻֡
ǣǱˡ˶һۣ˵
Ȼ½뿪
Ҫȥݼʲôǰ뿪֮󣬺׵˺ɵ˲ûжǺʵ
ĻϣƳϡλǰǿʶˣʵ
ʲôƵҲڴ˵أ׵˺ɵ
飬ȷǲ֪Ϊп䣬ˮתþͱ˴죬٣¥ˣԭΪŽڵӣֽ׷һֱ£гɣ½磬عŽڵŵӣ洫ӣҲпܵġ
ŽڵӣĽ۾УȻԳһɣС֮УĺˣΪ죬˲졣
ٱ磬ƣˣʶС磬֮ͬʱڤ֮εȥģ˴ϣͨԶķƷҪá
پǰ׶ͺƽܵټƫȻûнᵤϣֻͶһǰ;ԶǿȻ󰲶ȴԣͶ֮һжȻΪŵҪľ
֮ܶһҲþжٽ飬ҲǶļū˫֮䣬ֻͣͣΪʵԽĶͶҲǲټġ
Ƶ˵ȷǹ£ʱǻδΡ׵˳ţƺ֮ǰĻ֮С
Ҳһȥɡɵ׵ˣʾסڡ
Ҳáûзԡ
֮˱ӷ뿪ǰػϾ

Ŀˣ
뿪ɽ壬׼ݼƳϵʱԪ̨ϣɫ࣬·Ҫ˶һ㣬׺ݵĵؿǰŵſ͡
ſֻһССʿγԵס⻢񣬵ú£Ȼ˺˼
ȷǻˣۿм١ˣɽЩӣƺҲȥ顣
Ȼˣ龳϶κβӹһ˿ɡ
Ϊ鳤ܹɱٲãҲܰˣˣһʮ꣬һȴû뵽ضûеֻʱ䣬ˡ
Ҿſ˵ܹ˵ӡ
֮⣬˭һɹ󣬼ʵ
һʿ֮⣬Ҳʶſ˵
ԥһ£ſֵԶԶƺ쾳ʿһ˸̺Ϣп硣
һ³ˣԴ˵ΪϸӦֱܹģңǰλ֣׶ԱϢ
ˡһԣղس鴤һ£ǺηʥȻܹ֮ĸ֣ǰ£׶ͺƽȻֳֺ׵˺ɵˣЩʿ
ˣ֪ˣȥɡΪڻ˻֣Źſͣſͱɴ⣬æ뿪ˡ
ԼһоǾǷ֮ɫѿƺзǳ𾪺ͷŭ
ˡſԶȥͻȻڣһ
ˣкηԸļū˽ȥ
ȥѹ۾ϵ˵
ǣˡūӦ
֮Ķ壬ԺҴһ·ϣɺƺǳ⡣
ףҲɽһˣʲôң
ڲ֮ǰѯһ飬ʵڲ⣬ʱãʲô̸ġ
ûֻˡ壬³⼸֡
˵ʲôûرߣʧôܣ
ôܣ㻹ôܣĵؿڱ֤ǳܹԸ㻹˵ǳоԹΪ˵õ٣ȥѯôһССŵӶԸˣһԿΪۣλ϶ԴӶȻȫȻ޹
ŭغ


348 ɽˮ
ҲȷûɲŭԴ֮ĵλвʱпܱɨسţ൱ھԭ̵ĲԴԼҫȨȫûˡ
һʼ֪ҪסԼһУΨм࣬ٲãҲҪܹǷͥ񣬹ͬѳС
ķչԶԶûô򵥣ܹܱɱᱻ٣ûһǧ񣬼ð龳ϳ֣ûгʹֶ༸֡
ʱգƽǳȴѶȫޣɵÿʼЩʧˡ
ûд֣Ҳͬˣͬᾪʧ룬֪Ǻá
ƽϢһͻȻ˼޷ˣҲſߺ̰Ѷͷһˡ
֮⣬һйɿĳϳ֣Ҳֵ˵ز
סԵ޹ʰһҲί֮
ľѳۣ˵ʲôҲûˣҲ˲Ϻ⣬֮λǣ֮ſƺѾԶԶǿǣܴӺ鳤Ҳмֶεģûг壬¡»ֱӶǲѽ
ˣ˼ǣΪˣĶ³˵ӣҲ³˵ӣҲŭ
˿̵ﻹɷǵʿȡ
֮Ҳ侲˵ȷ
ӣʵĪ⣬ջɱܹܣ֮𣬾ЩӵĶ෬֤ȻʧѾõĺҵ
һּΪ췣֮ԶԳܵǿȻľ粻龳ʿԶԶ޷Ӵ˻ԸͬȾĸֱ֣׾١
οԼвûпƴ˻ˮҪûܵĻᣬԸȴǿ϶ġ
˼ţԽãԼȷĶ֡
οǰʱ䣬ͻȻֵĺ׵˺ɵˡ
£ɫɵһ
ˣǰ
˵»ôո̤֮ʱ׷𣬵ʱֻһŵӣ֮˷ͬڳɽ˷һֱҫ۵ǳȴ޹⣬ƽòƽĽޱȡ
һΣˣ˷ؼңľȻ֣µĵһ㣬ȥǰۿ
ʱų𺳣ֱڣǵã˷ûн죬ĸڸǰϹϾޱȵĹĴĴҲһΣͼǿ;ƾһǻѪɱһͷԲԣ̷ڵյУ졣
֣Ǻ׵˺ɵˣڰٶǰʿԼɱȡ
ҲΪԾפƷ壬ڴ֮ûȥ鷳ʱĲ²⣬Ϊں鳤УҪʼˡ
УʵǶѾ޷ǿˣƺǵõС֧֣Ȼй˹ڣζǶġɫԽԽͻȻ͵һأ嶼һΨ֮ƣֻ˵λϱӻˡ
ӢλϱӻŰ裬ȻҲһЦ
ߡ˵صһ
常ӣ㿪ʼжǷ븮ֱۡǰλڵĶ
λ϶ųϣǱ޵ĵطԶԷ֮ʱʱܹ֧Ԯ˷˲֮󣬺ܿ
һʯɽ·һ㣬ضһƬ֮ϣʯɽȥԪ̨壬Ʒ壬Լɽӣʹᣬһһĵط
󣬼ܾ۵ףʲôǿϢֻ֣߷ƺƴĶһ쾳ŵӣ׸ܵҪ˵Ǳ޵Ļˡ
һǳڼλá
ҲΪˣܾһţܿ㿴Ӱɶݶܿǰ
ǣ
һͫҲΪ֮һ£ҪܿסΣû˿ʧ̬
Ҳˣʲôȴʧ
ͻȻ֮䣬һɷǳԤС

ţ
ڰ׶ƽ˵Ĵ֮£ʯɽԶԶ㿴ʶӰɵĿԷϿȥʱϳǵݡ
常ӣôҲˣ
һ㣬Ҳиɻ󣬲ûоţЦһ¶Цݡ
ʲôҲȲԼ
ʦ֣ҲˣƣҲһǰݼλģҪҪǣ׶תͷʵ
ԼµͼΪ֪ڸ߱鲼֪ܲѾӵĻһӦҲǰѰҳϣóϱӻ
ǰ֪֮ˣԭͻȻߣһʧ֮ã龳ָƵģ˴𣬾Բһܹ͵˵ģȴҪɱ˼ҲѹһҪɱˡ
Ҫ֪ʱڽ۾У˶ӣ˭˳ȥ̾ͻᱻ֪ȴǹ˵˵Ͳ֪
ǰ˵أǲµΣֻߴ֪֮̽ûԵǰ
ǰʦ֣һǺͳϽӴ˵ϣǾ鷳ˣгӲҪĻͲɱˡƽæ͵
ȻҲʯɽķΧȴվ֮ңǶˣƽձչǱޣΣش飬Ǿ׳ֵġ
ͺһˣϴܣȫ޽飬ȫİ·ˣⶴذҲֻ
˵úеǽ붴ǣҪƽʣô״ݣ
׶ͺƽ˵֮£ȻҲףһͻȻͨһ䣬ȥ
¡
·ƽһףת֮׹常ǰ·һʵף˲Ųƹ
Ӱͻأ֣Ѿסǵȥ·
ϣ
׶ƽ׵ˣɵˣĴ֣ҲǷ׷װ֮󣬱ԭص常Χס
ɽˮ갡λ񣿡
ŰΧȦеˣһЦ˵


349 ֶΣϣ

忴ͻȻֵˣɵôһ
ǵȻΪ羰ȻҲǰϵġ
û뵽ԼȻǡ
仰ӦŶ԰ɣ
˷䣬ֹסЦݣɫ˵
ǸӵЩʲôûˣҲؼŽƱ磬ǷˮתֵԸˣǷôã׼ûУ
ǳǱ޵Ķ㲻Ҫæ˵
ҲǸոճ½ӣȻΪ˰Χǣֶ˵һֻǶڲ֣˵˵ѡ
Ļ֮УܵΣ̱ףĶԼɱˣҲȷʵôĲ̸ڰΧԼ⼸֣԰ԼүӶ˻ɱ
Ǳ޵Ķ㳶Ƥ죬ŻңһĲм
ȻǲмųϣųҲ龳ϵĸ֣ȻǲܲģЩϷ׷ǹʣֵǳȣ
ضλϣҲԸˮ
ȻҲһ㣬һɫ࣬𻰡
֣֣ҪٸСӷϻˡ׵˲Ϊǰں˵һ
ȻҲµλϲ棬ǳٿ䣬ǾΪá
Ҳã춯ְɣҹζࡣħ¡
ħ֣˵Ϣʱ˿˿׹ӿ֣ڵ֮ϡ
ǵתУͶ֮䣬Ŀռѷ졣
ʲôãгϵķǿߡǼʶǳССɵӣħ̸ܵŨŨв
ѾΧˣӵóȥ𣿡һƬȻ˵
ӲҲҪӣĻǾˡ
ϵ
ʱħȫעУ̱ܵЩŵ·תѪһĵ쳤·ſѪ죬¶˼ⳤ
յ̣ʱУ·ִǱԼֻҪӻӵ״һУնɱһС
ħصķ
ħҾϳˣҲгֱпˣʧȴ꣬ΪΪã滹ӵеĻҲǰҲûԲΪһΪҼӳ֣Ͳܽĵ꣡
ֱʱԽоԼˣʱԼѵ֮УȻôһѾĺõԼڵʵηӣὫ𻵣캨޾ĸо
ĳֱУʿķʿõ˵ĺ÷ضҪȫԾѪͷ乵ܹͨΪԼ
Ҳûж˵ͷȴ֪շţһʱ̱Խġ
գ
Щͷֻڵʯ֮䣬ипħĳֺ֣ת֮ʱȻƴۻҲ޷֣֣ӵת˳ȥ

һʱ㿴һߣ·磬Լ
ӰһŤ·˲Ϣ֮䣬һѪ֮仯ΪһѪɫʵûȻҲԼôһ˿յ̡
Ȼվ龳֣һ仯Ҳ֮ͨе֮ԪɶݣԶֻ֮һѪ𣬴Ѫ㱻ѷ֮Уתۼʧ
ף
忴һĻŴ죬Ŀɿڴ
ôҲû뵽ʧһʱ֮ͻȻȻ׶Ӳһ
Ҫ֪ǰ֮УʱԶԶûֽʵ
ڲ֪˵ӲҲҪӣȻȷԷ顣
գӰʵڿֳȴɫ԰ף˶˼֡
һ֮Уľɢһ¾ͱɢȻû̻ɢȴҲѾˡ
ϵǰ˲٣ȴû뵽ͻȻһ¾˳̶ȣ˳֣һҲˡ
ĸҲֻ࣬ƾһ̱ܵʵ
Ϣȫ̺ˮŰǿд߶Ȼȥ
ں׵ˣɵˣƣ׶ͺƽˣ˷ν·ţҲֻһ·ˡ
ڳ֮УֻϢͣȻͨΪܹЮܹ࣬Ѱһ˿ᣬҲȳҪá
ȴϣ·ҲϵôһٶӰ磬ų˹
ףŲƣ
ɲ֮䣬һն

ҽһͻһ֮Уѳ룡
ף۾ͨ죬ضնһ
㾹ȻɱҸףҺƴˣ
ĸףֻбڣͨţзǼ̳壬г׵ؾˡ
ڳô֣ϢĪ֮ʣƴһսһѽѷ֣ȫһ֣϶һʱ̶ֵˡ
־֮£Ȼеܲȥ
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ŹǧħǰҲʩչӸġħת󷨡׷ɱǵųϼʶȻİ
ʱҲ֪һƴȫȻǴű֮־ͻƴһˡ
ƴһľٶûֻǾٵơ

¶һ˿Ц
ǰûн鵤ʶԶԶ񣬶ûħ£ҪԶԣڣֻӭ壬־һ
ն
ڹף޻ɵϡ
ۣ
̱նأȫѪ˳ȥ⸱ѪȵĲ״·һ̰㣬ĲҲ̶á
Ƿɶ˻𡭡׵ˣɵˣ׶ƽ˼һĻɵðҡͷͷҲ̫ˣȻױ㷴Ҳûмô͵ġ
壬Żֻ֣Լƴһ˵ֻǰװ˿ûмֵ
֪֮ǰѾ˽ᵤʵѾԶԶǸӣ¾ƴҲôƴɣ
̾ϢΪѾ䶨Ӷѷʱ䶸
һѪ⣬͵ش׹ʬϳ𣬷·һ㣬ƿնȥ
Ѫٶȼ죬˲ŸոüӦڴ֮䣬Ѿʧʯɽ֮ããޱֺ֮С


350 ֶΣ£
䷢ü죬˴㵹Ҫ׷ʱ򣬾ȻѾˡ
ϾѪ⣬ǳǶҲûҪɱ˭ֻǴܶѣ֮䣬û˿¶֮оߣʶӦǿҲûв׽һ˿춦еĶ飬ҲΪһʱ⣬ɱ˹ȥ
ʼϲ
طΪľǺȻעͶϣӲȴûܡ
ĺ֮
׵˺ɵˣһĻʱ͸̾ͬʱҲôһ˿ա
ǵķḻʲôĺûмһת۱Ʋ¶ܣϧԶӲΪۣעĺˣҲǾܼǶӦ
һʼǲǱļɱΣȫעĻȻڴˡ
һҪܣҲնֻΪܹѳȥֻߣ̰Ĳ㣬Ҫƴɱһˣ̾ͻӶ
ֻǣûֻһˣȻӹ˵Χɱ˳ȥ
ȻˣֺѪ⣬ɵ˫ͫ΢Ŀ¶׹⡣
ʵ̫ˡ
εȷǴˣʩչǴġѪݡħƣԲȻȫѪԪΪӶݵһʩչͨ³ʿҲӵп龳ʿĶ٣˲Ϣ֮䣬ܷԽǧӰڵ֣ҵ׵˼˾ҡҡͷ˵
˶ҲѪݵķΧһ̵ѪǿᣬȻʩչĴۼ󣬵ܹԶվӳ졣ɵҲ͵
Ǽʶ㷺ֻһۣϳ˸ղʩչĶ֪жôļ١
ʦ㣬ǰǰǼȥݷûƳϣʦܣ׶ƽǸǵĻȴΪͻȻ̧ͷϵ˵
ʦ֣ʲôֵʵ
׷³һ֡
׷һ¡
ȻǵһμʶѪݣҲ˵ŶͷһЩѪݴ󷨣ѪӰݣѪ׶ݣѪԨݣ֪һ
˼֮˶ԹΪɼ䲻ܵĵˣųɾҪ׷ˡ
׷ȥɱ˲ҲɱѣһɱҪһɹ죬Ȳ˵ôˣ
һ˵ţһȴѾ׷ķȥˡ
֪ˡʦ֣ȵҡ
ƻعæһ
СӣµҲôֹǸ֮ġƣ׶ƽȥ׵˺ɵ˲ɵöһۣӶЦ
ǿȻҲҪ׷Ͼɱ常ӣͬУʲô£˫֮вݵԹڵ̨ϣҲǿԵģųϻ߼ʹ߷֣˵ֹ
ֻ˲Ų˵ҲֻˣŲ⣬ܹǱ԰һƵϣŰƣҲ׷鵽ס
ֻôҲֻԾ¶ѣܲ׷ϣǾ͵ÿˡ
ֽҲ޹ϾЩ飬ıˣ죬Ҫġ
үүүүʦ׷ɱˣǸô죿Щԥ֪ʱԼǰ˵ݷûƳΪãҲȥæɵΪѵΡ
Ͱ˵ȥɣȻµôæȴҲǼΪǵģǼΪ׷ˣٶ˰æҲ޼£ܹ׷ϣҲҪ˲֡׵˻عͷ˵
˵ҲǣֻǼȥˣﵽĻ;ȥơɵ˵
Ǻðɡ˵ͷλүүߡ

ӣѾʧа취ҵ𣿡
ƣ׶ͺƽ˷ڿУ׶˿Ϊ̲סʵ
ȱ˵ʶ̽ӣ鿴ܣҿԸоõûӳǧ֮⣬ʵô̵ʱҲ޷ɶ̫Զһ˸صطϢǱ
ҲֻǹӲдѣһʱ㲻һֻҪҵھ͵ˡ
۾һ·ǰɶݣȵ˵
׷һʱ߳ŭæ֮µľȻΪܹ׽鷳º֮ǡ
ǰ˵ɱ¾˺ˮ²δҲ̫ʧˡ
ڱģᣬײ֣ҹζࡣ
飬ôҵûУ
̣ȻǶʶٻѰɨ鷽Բǧ
ûҵһԤУû̫ԶֻǾλ޷ȷѣϾӵзʿطܹԼϢҲǺѷֵġ˵
ǴŵλܹӦͽȥʮＸʮңӵóȥ˵
׵˺ɵ˵ķѾ֪ʩչĶΪѪݣѪݴ󷨵һ֣Ȼǿޱȣ˵Ҳ̫ܳã϶ܿҪ
ߣˣҲһʿ߲ݵط죬һҪҵмϣġ
ԣǰﴦҿԸоԽУӦԽ鲢ûʧϱ˴ŵķλ
ã˵ҲûԤϵǻͻȻ۾
ʦ֣ôˣһԵæʵ
ǱߣǴȥѰָǰ˵ͬʱͻȻָ΢һķ
Щɢϣǽ
ʲô⧲㱻Χɾʵ
Ҳ֪ûɶǲԾ龪죬ҲûжķӦЩת·һ㣬عϡ
ҵķϣ˴֮ԸӦϢ֪λͬʱҲʶ̽ûûпͱڽ͵
ľΪѾȫ泬ԽʩչԪӶݵ£ʶӦǱҲѷͬȾƵˣΪһʧǷֳϡ
ȲҪݾߣͷˣȻмӣǸԴЩѶٶ֡һ£˵
֪ʦ֡
İɣӣǲݾߣܵģܣҲҪǰ
˲ͷһȷһʧˣĴѰҳ
ãڣͷȥҡһ֡
ǡ˸ɢ·ֺ֮С


351 ɱϣ
ҲöˡԶԶȥ˸һ£˵
ϢͻȻɬ
ȴ鵤֮ΣȫУͬ鵤ͻǿ֮ʶȥӦȫ޷һЩͨһʿӦ֮УѳΪһˣ濴ţҲû˿ϢҪ˵ããֺˡ
ʱ൱ڲڣֻȷķݣȷ
ˣɢƺΪǵ٣Ǹױ¶ֵһ䡣
оղŵľٶûô򵥡
ҵȷǰѰǱ¶ݾߣֹ֮ۼ̫أ˱ûиǡĴ¶˼顣
һٵ򣬲ҲҵҪƳ¾ֻдݾߣΪˡˣҪͬΪҲףпܴ©ȥֻǷһ˿ɱ⣬ΪѾӶ衭
ֻҪһ裬ţתǵĻˡ
ˣұڿʼѻ꣬һκεķ紵ݶرˡ鵱˵
˵ͷҲ붦УΪһĨϹ⣬Ѳֺ߮ϿգϵѰ
ããֺ֮⣬һӴĻڣΪ֣ϴڴ˲鳭ᣬУɼɽ֮غͻƧ
һʿ֮УǸ׵ʿǰʶ̽ҲѰΪ֮УϢӣʶӦ֮Уѷֱ壬֮ǰ鳤׷ɱҲǽҧסţûжʧ
ȻҲеͣðԼȫѪ뵤֮УȫԵʣͨ˵𵤾磬ټ״ݵ龳ǰҲԷˡ
ͨʿͽᵤʿ֮
ʱΣѲ߮Ѱһλɽ֮ѰҽƻҲӵжĵ֮飬ʶǿ󣬲ǧ֮а׷ѰûжĻֻѾֻźطˡ
ţһ˱᲻
ͻȻزһ
ߣԪ֮ҲԪ֮䣬ڵЩ˴Ӱ죬ţγͷ׶ʵ磬һֻɬ֮
ʶǿʿ̨֮ʱӦӶ׷Դͷ¼ѪĸӦ
ɸӦһֱԤУ۶ۿܲС
о֮ͨʿܹӦøƶϹȥڣδһĪͨ
ʱѰУڤڤ֮Уһ˱֮䣬ñӦ
ȷһһͷԲɵޣض޲£Ǳˡ
Ҳܵ
ԭˣǱ㲻ҪѰһתע⣬Ͷڻ֮УϢϡ
ַ֮һ쳣
״ݣ
һţҲӦ˲׷ȥתɽǣǰҰʱȴַ֣һֻ޴ӵͿӹӦ롣
ת֮䣬ֻɳ֮â·һԶȥ
Ȼ̺֮еߣ
һ¡
ֲһӦԭݣ
ΪϢңϢС֮÷˵
ϴˡ
ˣҪļҿԸоǲûҴȻҪҳҲ̫ףֻҪܹҵġϴɵðοһ
ⲻǼ꣬ҪЩҵȻѾˣӲ˶ԶֻҪܹߣ˵ģ֮Ǿ仰ٿ䣬ԽҵԽ󣡡˵
ɶȰɣҲվ֪Чѣǵٶ༸ĺϸ²УߴȥʶɨӴء
Ѱʱ֪֮УѾԽ˶ӦŨĵصڡ
һƵɽ壬·һ߸ߵֺ֮ͦУɽķ嶥ȫǹͺͺɽңȫľͷ·һ鷽ʯעģӰ״ǷʯһĶ棬һ̯Ѫڡ
طЩŹ֣ͻȻ˵һ֮Уоɣƺͣˡ
ͣˣ
˵ţͻȻϹ֮˳ֳΡ
ֳ֮󣬱۾ȫʶȫݡ
ʱԺ֮УͻȻһ㣬ôһֻ־֮䣬ͻȻȺޱߣһѪĳ֣
ȻҴҶѪ⣬һͷײڸʵɽϣݽȥ
һײ˾޴ƣͬʱҲ฽ɽ־סޣݣֵǣѪ磬ʳܣҲûм𼢿޵Ŀţȫ·һ㣬Լϳɪɪ˿ǰ̽顣
ܿ죬һѪ˴ײʯ֮ѵȥ
Ȼ˷ɵҡҡ׹ʱпһͷӣȴȻûκε鵨š

ܵһĻͻȻ۾ŵĹâޱƶ˵
֮ʮɵţԼĸӦ뿪÷ǳæҲ˲ֱɳԶ󣬲ɢ
֮󣬲̫бҲˣһģ
ҿԸоõԽԽˡ
ʲôأΣվҲǻ˿ģȻҵˣ
˼䣬ͻȻӰһ̯Ѫȥ
ͻȻѪ֮Уܵ˷ǳŨص
ϾȻ³ˣ
䣡
һľ죬ҡضɽʯ䣬һ޴ǰ
ȻǵӦ֮еѪײģֻѪٶ̫죬ײ֮УݽȥȻûб߽⣬ȥγһĶѨȻ󣬶ڱʯ濴ȥȻɡ
ʿʶӦ»ѷ֡
ϸĲ鿴һͻȻ¶Цȥ
µҳ
Уħͻ֣յ̴ɢ˿˿ƣӿ֡
Ҳûãɣն
ħףһն
¡

һײʯᴩ
ţϵЦʧ˴㵡
ѵҸӦˣҸղŷһϢУȻһ


352 ɱ£
ԭ˿̳ǰģ֮еһʮɣ˺ϱľ޴ߡ
ҲǧˣĻ֮Уɾ۶ϣһС͵ģ·Ҫֻ
ʱѾһϣֱͦͦطߣʹҲǷŴͣɿţۼžҪˡ
ȷˡ˾Ĭһ¡
ߣһΪƶˣУΪľΪѾ뿪Ӷɽȴû뵽Ȼһһ
֮Ҳɵ¶һ˿ϧͰա
ǿϧˣҲһǧͷܹγɹֻһ̾ʮϣԺķҲǿޱȣһǰ;ԶĴǲãɽеЩħɱȡ
֮Уϰ߰飬ѱĳΪޣҰģȻˣ޾ϢѾ֮еľ죬Ѿ¶һ˿εļ
ֻϧʱɱǧлһҲ˵֮֡
ɵĴǼΪģΪûʿҲû˰æ٣ԣҪȰޱǿͲУ֮УҪУʿɱܹҴģӱǿڣУҲڵһ
۶ӣǧգʼɹʵȻͬ׾ɱȡ
ȻͱڻȻվĬĬǧ꣬ȻҶȹ٣γɹĲ飬֥飬һڣûоģǴҲãʿҲգǽʵǿҲޡ
ҡҡͷӶ˳ȥѭģѰ
ո˵ڵʱͻȻ֮䣬ٻͷһۡ
ƺЩԡ
ʲôԣʵ
ô
ѭѪҪ̳ɣҲ֪֮ʿѪ⾫ʢһЩëѪ˵油ޱȡһӣҲڲͨ鼮ѧϰԣĻĸ飬ԽԽˡ
ʿɱޣȡƤǣҩʿҲͬȡѪ⾫ⶼȻѭ֮
ԣ֡
ھܹ˸߷壬Ǹ⣬з޷ϣȴҲ޼ƿʩѭѪҪԵʿĻ򵥵ƼܹģȻɷ裬һʮɣǿġ
Ҫ˴˿⡣
ֻѭѪֻûô򵥰ɣ
˶Ļȴǳ
ҲɵÿǣǷܡ
ԣԼġ
ͻȻ֮䣬֣·һ㣬ͨеĹϡ
ʿ̺ǵ޿ԽģԲɵޣûо׽֮ǰҲȻ̳ʿʬͺǸղţڣ˿ơ˵ʦǰֻѴܳ¶˰ɣ
һ˵ţһ߳ħϵľȥ
ȻѾϳأۿѪȴȻάһܵĽӽŤ־ޱȡ
ľٶ֮Уܵɱ
֪ͶҪƭҲɣҰ㾾ԼȴûȻȵ
龪ȵһ漴Ҳ
ȻھУôܣ
ʵ̫ˡ
ԭһ·ʶ̽ѷִɨȫмƬۼ׶ҲΪˣȥʶСֻܽӽԺϸ鿴ģı˼ټ΢һеΡ
ɴҲɼУʲôҲ˵رǿأرǿأĻ֮Ужɴᣬħ֮ҲеӲɱҲöԱ£зԼﵽΪ磬ǾͿԷֳʤˡ
ʱǶھ֮У鶼ƭ˹ȥ
ȻҲطأȻܹϢߵ޷¡

ȻѾУҲٿһп
ʱſɫ԰ף˫ĿգطƺѾȥһ㣬ϢȫޣҲֹͣ
ˣΣɵ΢΢һ
ַܿӦˣʩչϢ󷨣жʶԪѪԪһţ֮С
Ŵ󷨲ʲôķţŵӣֻħʿֻвɢޣ඼ܹϰãȴ˻ȥʩչΪ˷ڱΣʹãӳȴԮȴǺ洦
ʩչŴ֮ʶϣҲ֮ͣͣͺǾһĳߣҪɱҲӦ
εɣʲôʿȥʩչŴ󷨣
ϼ޻Ȼƭˣ
˾ɵҲ̾һ
ղ֮ǰͷһƳһ˿ͻأ֮УӺδĻҲʹˡ
ӣĵҲǸĺˣôӳĻԺҵӿɾѹˣӣûܳɹ
У˵ʲôûˣǶģҲǶˡ˵
ȷˡų˯ѵ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫ
Ҳ֪˷ͬСɣȻûᵤ磬ΪƫѾɥʧ˸һĿܣΪǼѣܹչ鼺ãֽһԱ󽫡
ңͰ׶ƽȵȵӣȻܹͬܣôȥûвŸҲҪŸܹһ
ܵôЧңԼİףǳ׽ˣֻҪд֣ſͣѣڴĶ֮γһȨ
ˣЩվֻν֮룬£δؾ绢ΪŶԣ
ܿ죬ԥ֮ɫ䣬һնš
Ȼ󡭡
춦գ
һӣӰյۣʬɽȥȻȫȫѪ⣬㱻Ϊڶס
ЩԭʼԪת䣬һᴿתΪֻȵʱʬ޴棬Ӱˡ
˽ˡھͰٻأȻȥ
ֱʱĵ׵һŴʯ£̤Ѩطȥ


353 ϣ
֮صƷ壬ʱ࣬׵˺ɵѾڸۡеȺȻƳϣˡ
ôʦܣҵеǰʵ
Ҳ֪ҵҪ
³ɹҲˣʱ޶֤һжӣţ¾͵ʹߣŽˡ˵ͷһλʦȨƼ󣬵ɱ¾ͬţǲ
ҲǸӣȻභԶԶ֣ǰԣҲܸɲС鷳
ʱڰңûʲôȨƣױ㱻Ӱ쵽ǰ;
Ѿҵңѽɱˡ˵
ʲôȻ׷ˣ׵˺ɵ˾ȵضһۣǲ˼飬ȻʩչѪݵˣ㶼׷ϣ㻹а
ֺ֮ѰʿжѣҲúܣΪˣɵٴζ߿һۡ
һΣżٵɱģٵɹʵ̫ɴˣ;Ҳû˿ʵǽһ׮鷳
ûֶΣֻΣɱ壬Ҫ²С鷳Ȼ޾ľ֮УĽǽȻͬġ
һͺðˣ󾡽ֻ֣Ҫܹƿؾ棬ӣҲֳȻӪʵƿ⣬Ҳ⣬أЩˣ䣬ȫܹгҲƳһж졣
ǻģɱһңȻ֮˳룬ҾƣڿȴǶˡ
׵˲ɵһȻɫ˵ԺҾͰȥϱŰɣ˵ħǱԪ̨壬ԷħȸУҲ
һ٣˵Էģ׷ɱʱѾƵˣҲ飬Ӧ϶ķϣǶշֻҪ๫ʱϽŵһ㣬飬һֻۣһֻۣΪǵġϣҲЩ飬ҲͬӦ˴¡
ˡ˵ͷǰԡ
ǰʦ֣㡭ǡƳһЩĿɿڴصǴ֮ϱţ
ţСӣʲô׵ɻص
ǡȻé®Ͼɵϣͺ׵˶򣬵ȻվԣЩԤ벻ǣԭž˵ĻңŵҲɱȻϱһħɡ
ʦܣŻΪͻţǬ棬ɭϲɣȴ˽˼֮ˣһ͵ʵŲûô㰲ҲĳĳԺԼҹϽ֮£˱ӻͲôˡ
ʵҺ֮ˣȱȽǣҲϽȻʲô˵ĺ̨߱ǾƱؽҪ׷鵽ˣʱҲвС鷳
Ծڴˣʱͣס˿ڣټ˵ȥˣ˼ƺףΪִҪɱ
ǣ飬ͺǰˡתͷ׵˵
ͷĺˣ飬ᳵݡ׵˸Цһ
ʦ㣬ǲȥԪ̨忴óſͲ֪飬һ򾡣Ҳ˸һ£漴˵
Ϊ˿ô󾢸ʲôʹظչǱޣֻʫԣͻŪȥˡ
ҲӦ֮⣬˳ƻЩͷԣ˵ȣ΢΢һЦʱ⡣
ѾͻƳϼһ棬շҲû˺֮ǣټϣոɱ常ӣνǻʧʧ̱¶ģҪһ¡
ǰ˵ѾãһֱݷҲʱִƴȨˡ
ھȥЩԾ
˿峿̫׷ɱ㻨һҹһ̱ҪǰȥԪ̨壬൳һ򾡣Ҳˡ
д⣬ҲԣҴʱɫ磬ȴǸõʱԪ̨ϣſͣūҲ
ǺðɣǾȥֻǼУðҲϣ˶ڣܼɽ塣൱˵
Ȼˣ䣬ҲΪЧһЩؼǲ׷ߣ٣һЩϤĻͨĿ䣬Ҫġ
ƣգתͶƷ˽ִ󣬰󣬶ϢȥЩˣ䣬ϯϲƸӣǿɾҳһˡ
ʱǳȡ
׶ƽȥټҲںʦǰҲͬ⣬Ըһ֧ʹ׶ͺƽȥˡ
ǣӡ׶ͺƽȥ
˱ԭصȺ򣬲֮󣬸дҴҳһȺˣȫסǰԺſͣټ̸
ӣѰǴˡ
ͷȥȴǰ׶ĺ֣񣬷Ӱ죬ѵȼȫǽ۾Уϵʿ
һߣ٣¥ˣҲӣϳ˵ʦȺһߡ
ʦ֣ǰ£ЩɻʵʱŸոҪԺдһȭϰ书׶ͺƽҴҸɵЩȡ
Ҳ֪׶ͺƽ޹Ҵټˣ˹
ҪȥԪ̨壬ȴ׶иϸǱĺ֣Ӱ죬ѵˣںߣ˵Ƚһ£©ȥ𣿡˵
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ʦģضʹҲ֪ԼĿأʿԼɣȻӦ
ĺ죬Ȼ޲ɣ񣬷Ӱ죬ѵ˸˵أҲʲôݵ˼˶ĬĬͷûκε顣
Σʱˣƣ׶ƽԶԪ̨ȥ
Ҳź׵˺ɵ˸ϡ
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ʿǱزٵġ
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354 £
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˭ʲôһͷʿغ
ڣ˿Ҵ⣬Ϊ֮Уʲô鶼пܷǷãظһ˵飬ҲǲΪ档
˵Է֮ǰԪ̨ķܹܣǱǱħʿ
ǷƷλܹܵĲǰ֮£ſͣÿǧҪ󡣡׶ǰſһ䣬סЩʿ
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׶ʹ֮һǨ֮ǰãԪ̨ʿҲʶ
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ҪϳݣǾˣʿථʶ֮һʶ飬Լ֣ܼͼԪ̨ſͼסһʱգò顣
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ѹҽһۣ۽ҲЩ£ƺʲô½Ҫ
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ͷʿԥһ£ش
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Щˣĺ֣񣬷Ӱ죬ѵˣŵӡ
ȻʶҲѲܣԷһָƣִ˶»Ҫᣬ治ȥˡ
˵ǴҶɢ˰ɣȥϢǣصʱᱻʲô£Ҳǵġ
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ҲĹؼʱ̣Ҫ뿪˵أǲܣǣתȥƵƣ壬ǣҴˡ


355 ӹܣϣ
Ԫ̨ſ֮Уû̫֮ȥһܹܡ֣ҲѱһЩ˱Ⱥˡ
׶ƽȥѸеūͶû֪ƲڡʱֻһԪ̨ſڣαװҲαװֱӱ׶ͺƽ˷Ը
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ҲȷﵱеĲˣױڷϳ󣬼ʶ㷺˾ǵ죬ǵһС
ҲһͬǶʱ֮ʧȥҲҲĹˡ
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ûǵḷ̌ãȻԹԵ˵˵仰㿴ܹܣȻ϶֪Щ顣


356 ӹܣ£
Сˡ治ū֮еܹܣҲףµݲԼ˵֡
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С˷ʩСͽȥѸ˲Ŵ򿪣ԹλɽӹܡʶȤʾ
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ܿ죬Ը֮еⷿңڰ׶ƽƵȼ˵ļල֮£ͳһûʱϸϸ쿴Щֻ⣬ʶӡǸУֹ˳ҽӡ
Ȼң鷿ңҲ鿴棬˲鷳
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ֲǬУûзʲôֵǮ⣬ԭԸӵĲƸڸУ׵һ£Ȼ
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ڱҪԿײܴ򿪣ֻ֮Ѱһöö֪ںδ˵
ϲӦ常УѿǬûС
Ҳ֪ǬޱȣзҪ򿪲ףԼúҵգҲпбҵԿǼΪҪġ
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˵ʵ̰īƸԤ֮УΪ̸ʮϰ㹻ɸ·ͨԼĿضҽȴû뵽ǻǧ֮ࡣ
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ȷǧϣǧǧİ֮䡣
һʶɨҲһ£ó밲׶Զ֡
׶ڿִ£ȷм֡
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ͷϻһǧԼʹãôҲ꣬Ǹ£٣㳤ҲҪТ϶кܶʹĵطƹܡ


357 ı㣨ϣ
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׶ص˵ͷȻ㴫ѶЩסڸеſ˽
ǽֱ֮ӱ㿴ڷڴеʬףҲ֪׵˺ɵʲôطȻӵʬ첹ˣ֧飬Ҳ޷죬ǰòһۿɱ档

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ʿմȾԣŵ壬ܴ꣬һ˿֮ʵѪ⾫Ǽģµģʿʬ٣÷֮α죬ȻĿ飬ǡ
ұʬ׶棬ΪľԻǣҲֻѰϵĸ֣лɱֵı£Ҳӻɱˡ
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ʵҲ֪ħǱ󣬰Ѷɱ˵ƭƭСԣƭǣƣҲţҲš
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ϣôˣʱ˷Ⱥ֮еһƺûжϲ⣬˼һء
շִͬ£ͬΪſͣҲϵر˹û̫֪ıֻԷϳƺ
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˵θ˾޸ԵЩģʵ
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˶ڻúƵϲ֮УΣʼδ
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ԣɵôĵһɺ⣬ǣԭǻ˸߲ҵ飬Ҳ
ֱڣǲŷ֣Լƺ̤Σյ±ϣһǻݷï羰һȴԨǡ
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Ƕ֪֪֮һʿԸӣǲ÷ѶģĻдģҪɱǣڳ˶׶༪١
֣ǵΪ֮ˣʲô취ʱ˲ɵÿһʿ
ʿʮֵͣ׳꣬˿ԼҲɵ¶һ˿Цʲô취Ǿ뿪˵ؾˡ
˵ҲǣΣ˵ز˾
Լǣǻǿ뿪ɡ
˻ң˼ȴǾ˵һ£뿪˵˵
ûע⵽ǣ˳ΪϡߣбʿԼͬӹһĨ⡣


358 ı㣨£
ſɫҴңһ·ͣ㣬ϧĵظ·ҹʱ֣ϵããС
ڴ˵ؾס꣬Ҳ֪棬鷱࣬Ǹĺȥ
µҲֻܲڴˡ
֣ϣƽ֣һ·޾գǷ׷ˣУΪ˰ȫҲû𣬺ﲢûзˣȫؾʿҲûʲôоʵĵطֻʿ˵زжⲻЩԹ
ɴ⣬ҿӾ࣬Ȼ׶У϶а취Ѱ˵ģǷɾ裬Ȧס
µƺʿҲͬ˴ҵĿǽҪǰ׷ɱǵĶˣԼ˵
˸ĹâҲǸ͵Ҵҹܴ⡣
Ҳֻˡʿҡͷ̾Ϣ
ִ£ȻҲǼ£ȴվй˱ʱһʱ䣬㶼ԹǸ
ֻ˭Ҳûע⵽ҹڰִأһɵĻȻ֮䡣
һʿڱԹָĵķ;·ʱһζС
ţʲôζ˭ڳԶ
ʿǡ
ؾʿ³˵ʿȻѾʳΪ˿ǲͷ¶ʳ˼̻ɣȴΪʳѾ޷Ѫ⾫Ҳ޷䷨ԵйΪʳضѪ˥ܣˡ
ͺһӣȻӤһ㣬֭Ϊʳάһ裬˵Ҳˣضò£һ˿ҲûС
ֻ˵ʳﲻã˵ʿٳԷʳ
һЩ̰ͼֻ֮ϾµʿżζĳԷʳҲǴڵģԶ֮ʱ˵еɹҲоٰᣬɵ۴ɾƣȺηﵨĹһ䡰⣬¿⡱
ʿǺʳ֮Ǻþ֮һ㣬һŵʳʱҲס۾죬Ҫվ鿴
ʱͻȻеѪһ󼤵Ժ֮УȻУŷˣûԺ֮С
ķܹҲʮңǳ½ʿΪǣ֮£ȫ·ʹƣƮƮɵľƹһ㣬Ҳܿơ
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ˣɱˣ
֮У˾
ʲô־ɱˣ
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Һˣҳ
֮Уŭ˷е˶о˲ЩϱǸӾĽ
ҡҵķ
ڰ֮УƺͻȻһ͵͵ʣȻ·˶ϣȥ
ˣ
Ⱦѹ쳣ĺʳʿʱ㾪һ亹˵ˣ
ʱҲһЩ֪֮ʱڵ֮УȻһŨŨЩƺùʯĥɣɢޱȣȻʶҲ޷͸
ЩʿУʱʧȥΪʶӦͺǷʧȥ۾һ㣬ͷӬײ
вҽо֮˷㤿ֲգ֡
ˣҺƴˣ̰ʳʿо壬ͻȻһźӰ֣æһѷɽתȥ
һЦָ·пһ㣬ޱȵؼסѷɽ
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
һʿзɽӲ˼жϣϷһ·ɵһ㣬̴üġ
һ̣Ժ֮Уϵ淨֮ڡ
зˣʺҪʿɵ壬ѪٹЩطѾ壬ʿʧѪʧѣֻҪԼӲ棬ܲⰵ͵Ϯ֮ȻҲǸɱ˸֣֪᷸֮һ±׼ʿҪ̰ʳʿת۱Ӧɥ
ಣ
һ죬ʿ̽ĻУǬȻȣһȥ
һˣͬھ֮УҲΪʧȥʶʱ뷲죬Ȼ׾ͱˣֻ̣ɱݡ
һ˶һȺ˵ɱ
֪䣬ּҲû˴ˡ
ʵеһ֮ʱ֣Ѿɱ˼ʿ߶Ϣ֮ɥȫȻûзѶֻɱڰʱԷͻȻѣʣµ
Ȼвۣȴû⣬ɱеˡ
ţԣһ
ͻȻɫ΢䣬֮У΢¹⴩͸Ҷ죬ӳϣŤԵɲ
ƺʲôԣɫرѿ
һˡϣ
Сӣĺˣ
ɫѿ֮ʱһϣȴۻЦ쳹֮С
ԭڶſ֮Уλϡղ˵ɱͬ飬ûаҲɱȻһ
͵ػͷĿ¶Ҷ֮Ͷ¹£Ȼʿ
ô֪Ҫ֣ʿʵ
Ϊβ֪Ҫ֣ѵΪ޷죬Ϣ˰ɱɣȻţûнᵤεı£Ҳû޳ɣֿ˵ı»еģͿСӲģǶ⴦֮УΪɱ˶ᱦ
˵ԭƽͣмɷǵġϡĿҲر
֪ķѾ֡㡯СĻЩĵֶΣϵã
ԭ֪ͷ֪ǵǵȷֻҪԽҩɷΣѵΪƾһнľ϶ҲֵѣʿȻҲ֪⡰ϡϼ޻Ժƭãɴһ˿αװҲ£ֱΣԿˡ
ڶ˵棬ҲúһҪɣǾ͸ƾ£ֳȻϰɣ֮Ǹܹƾʾ޲ƴƿٳ߸ͷһлгҲ˵
һѷɽͷؿŷϡ
ǺǣǺǣ벻֪ƣͷȦ֮СͻȻȻһЦҲǼзɽ
ת۹˫֮ҵ⴦


359 
֮Ԫ̨ϡ
ӣС롣
ںԺ֮в޵鵤𽥰ʵתŲ˽
֪ˡ
۾뿪վ
⼸գռԪ̨壬һֱסУΪȵռ̰ͼԪ̨ķ羰ȷƷãΪĿ֪񣬴Ӷʽذӹ֡
ǴǲˣɲģǰᣬҪһطܺãԴԴϵṩ飬˴꣬Ȼˣչգ£ƣЩʱҲֻһ۵飬ԽãʧҲԽ࣬ﲻý
֮ʱһֱҵҵоݣʼִ¡
ΪķѾҲǼģΨлʱ䣬Ű˲Ѱã
ʦ㼱ңһͷţݾӵͥԺȥ
ʦܣˡԺ֮УȻһᣬںͺ׵ˣɵ̸ʲôʾŮһӣ¡
ˡ˰֣ʾŮ£ʵʦ㣬ʲô飬ˣ
⼸վϸ죬ڰˡ
ŶֽΣʵ
ѾŵУΪʦ˵˽ΪŹҪϽţȻ߳ɽ壬󹤣Ѳʹʹٺ»ȡ
ȫпһʮʹһʮˣһǧ˰ٶʮˣ֮ڣнһǧһʮ򡭡
˲ᣬһЩ
꣬˼
ڰ֮ǰҾѾ֪Ԫ̨ϵȿһʮÿµһʮ񣬱뱣֤һʮϵȻ͵򣬽Ϊ֮ȡȻ̰ī͵ҲֻǴпɣϽŵĿţԣ⸮֮УΪλһǧһʮ񣿡
һǧһʮ񣬶أ׵Ŀ֪Ϊλ֮Ľࡣ
ӿɲʡ͵ĵƣЩ빫ˡ
Ͻź壬ÿһΣÿһΣڼ䣬񶼴ķϸ⣬ܹܺͻϹͬء͵һǧһʮ񣬾ǱЩ񣬽Ҫʹеġ
ԭˡһ£ǲˣԼҪ𱣻Щ
ʵԭмʹһʮˣһʮˣȴɱƽФԴˣܹܵĸҲ֪⼸մǽӹȫֲ̿ʰ̲ҹӱȥˡᵽʱٽһ
Ȼˣһ¡
ʱԼȥȷɱܹܵ߹òףйļʹȻԸ¡
ȻвʹֻҪӵóȥһǨŵӣ˶ʧȥݣҲΪˣְķʲˡ
ΣӵӲ
ˣҪӱӰɣֻ㹻Ը±ˡ˵ʦ㣬ǧͷʲôߣʵ֮ƺǰģʹһ죿
Щĵ飬ʼмʹӣٸҺɴңǾĻˡ
ɱ֮ҲȻʼֳ
ԺǵĲʹǸ󿪲ɣ棬תˣɿвɳʼʹΪֹȫҪǼᣬϼӹ񣬾ͽһʮλʹǿˣÿһĿɶʹУÿ¸Ͻһһű£ֻҪϷ˵죬Կ˽ˡ˵
ĽɣҪ˽ĿĲɣȻһ̰īãֻҪץ㣬£ֻСڣǡ
һ飬ȻҲǵõ˺׵ɵ˵ָ㣬ˣҲû͹Ͻ󣬲˵о顣
Ŀִ֮ʱҲôģÿϽһһǧֵ̰µΪҲǲȣӲǰѺúõĿ￪ɵǧٿףɢ硣Ǵʮ֮ǰʼģҲյʲô֪󽻸ҰɡȻ˵֮󣬺׵Ҳһ˵Լļ⡣
ôִ󣬾ûбҪѹ̫ˣſһЩȣҲÿϢ۸ǳ֮ơԺҲյҪ뿪ɵҲ޵˵ָȥ
ѹ̰֮ԭѹȵֶΣʱȻ
Ҳ֪ʵ֮еЩʹŵӣӵŵӵݣһʿĴȥſ͵˿ɱȵģЩ˱ȵ̫ҲתÿָͬʱҲ£ġ
ĻÿλļʹˮǼģôǾٲҲеãһ鷳
һҲˡ뵽ɵΪȻڽӹʽΣҲʮġ
ϾϽش󣬵ǰȫһŽɻɽλϸֻҪӣҲ׷ͷ
Ҫ飬ǹܺһʮʹ
հټһɡ
Щʹ׶ƽһЩΪŵӣȴʣûнᵤˣŵˣȵȵطΪִµĵӣ洫һ㣬ӵиԵɽ壬ſͣǰ;Զ
룬СѲ֪ģȻϽЩˣҲҪʩһŴѹ԰ɱһ˰ˣȴ޷Щʹͳͳɱ⣬Ͳɱɱ˿ħˡ
ҪշЩˣΪãöһ
һͷ׶ͺƽصϣȺЩͨҲ̽̽ǵ״Ρ
á׵˺ɵ˲û顣
ǾɡʦܣڰЩ˲᳭¼һݸ㣬ЩⷿԿףͼ˵
áҲ֪Щ飬Լ඼ΪܼˣǱĵؿ
ֹ˼գ෵طƷϣʽټʹӹ
ʱڼʹѾӰ׶ͺƽе֪Ѷ֮࣬Ҳòʵ
ȻЩʹм䣬ڲƽФԴˣͽֺܹܣЧӣЩѳΪȥйҹǱ֮⣬
Уǰ׶ͺƽ˹ؼãǻصڼʹֻ֮һ仰˼
ǿ֮ˣǾݵģһУɼ̣ٸǱӣԣƽФԴ˵³Ҳ֪ԽΣزҶ˵˰ɣ
׶ƽӴݣƾȻ˵ûܱ֤Ļ̣
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׶ȴûֻһЦֲӱˣʲô֤Բ˵뿪ԡ
ҶԣʱĬ
οƴ䣬ѾԷƿأƿءȻ˵ǣħ˫˫ɥ鱾͸ɵ㣬ΣҲ˲¼ɡ
ţܿ뵽˰֮ǰԼʱ龰սڶſͣӢ޵еѸֲУҲĶ֣߻࣬׵˺ɵˣʿа׶ͺƽȻʵǸǰ;Զ֮ˡ
˵ѩ֮̿ʣԼβðһμʹ
Լĵӣ³࣬ᵤһͼҲƽ㣬˭ЧЧ
뿪һ뿪νҲڣһ뿪ֻ»¾Ҫˣļʹ߹⣬ܹܻҪҪȥˣԭԩ޳ҲǵɱҲɡ
Ҷ뵽ɵ¶һ˿Цε
ȷǴûԼȥΪʿ֮УΪŵǰʮҲţȴΪ˺˵Ķ
з簡Ϊ˲Ӳ¼ɣҲУ
Ҷͨټ׷ʰ׶ͺƽˡ
ͬңﷲ⼸ϳڵʿҲȺȦ˵ϻСͷĿƽڿϽţҶԥҲɵɫһĬ
ǱΪҶ᲻Ը£ʹ뿪ͷǼ뿪Ҳͻأ
û뵽ҶȻѡ¡
µȻܹ磬ܵżǣҲֻӲͷƤˡ
Щʹִһƺѿʼ졣
Щʹ£иŵӣ˿󹤣ԹϵΪſǶܵһӰˣϾ˵˭ִҲһû£ǣҲ˺ΪѣֻҪ÷ڵ顣
ûгңҲڳһӵԼԪ̨ıди׵˳ȥ
׵˽ͳ;һĴѶƣͨĴѶֻܹŵ֮ʹãǳΧ趯øΪǷ˹ȣҲӵеļ
νÿ֮죬ŵķ
ͳ磬ƿ磬̶ܴȣͨ˷ʵֵģһһպ൱ʿÿһش¼ֻ̩񰲣˳ɣȻǹдѣҲԴ˷࣬ϣܹǲʹ£ֶ
ͬʱЩ׹ȵļʽͨѶʹ൱ھվ׵ָҪӵϱҲͨԪ̨帽ķ˹ʵ֡
գ׵˱ƮȻ飬֮Ѿ͵±һˡ
ҵѾϣǲ֪Žδá˺׵˻رȻЩǡ
Ҳֻǵ鷳ѣûзڹԴ鳤ϣҪؿʼ˫ĳԹѾˣβɱҲ´Ρ
δãžǲʹһɡҲʲô޷ֵͨʿЩʹҲҽΡ׵˲ΪȻ˵
ǳһףƺҲΪ˽⡣
ҵǲˣԼҲ˼ʹмɵִ֮𣡡ͻȻһ¡
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360 ɶ
Ŷԭ㻹˼ʹݣ֮УǾͺ׵Ĺٱһ㰡ʹߣҲһ
׵ԣʱȤ
˵ǣͷɾˣųʲôһУ֦ͬʵϣɹ٣ְλΪģԶɹͼϵȨԣ˵ĵӣȵһ㣬Ҫ¼ϼԽݱ㻹ͣǾ͸׶Ըˡ
𣿡΢ȡ
ǰɱһ֪ιʣ˳ָһ棬죬á
Ȼ˵ΰµģ᲻֪׵ƶص
ȻˣɱһҲ˽ˣֻ˵ִǰ߳ǣԸǺʲôֵע⣿ȻҲ±Ѱ𣬵аҲǺܲġʵ
׵˵ϱţпִӵһ£Ҳͳ׷ģԽǽ˲һý﷭
׵Ա㸧ЦҲܷģѾˣԭֻǳһͨŵӣҽֻѰѡ
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Ҳȷ֮·࣬Ƿôߵġ֮ʿ磬СľӢܹͣλ߽ʿļ壬ţҲˣļ壬Ȼûĵ̡
νĺѣ֮ʱ붯ǣͬˣӣܹǱѩ޵ģǵֿɣֿ䲢ûУҲÿ˶Уǿġ
Ҳ֪óףǱˡ
ֹ˼գͣشӺķ粨ƽϢ
Ϊ˰ģûжԹͬңﷲȵȣԪ̨彻õļʹдãǾԭְȻԼĿһЩʵ΢ûŵļʹȴó£滻Լſͣƣ񣬷Ӱ죬ѵĺ֣ǸִƿռҪλá
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ЩһһϦɵ飬ɽټʿ׼һʱ
٣¥ˣ޿һĳ첻ᡣ
죬һƺԸչʱһ벻ˣȻٴγ֡
ˣǰʥŮߵŮɶ
ɶ
һ죬ڸ鵤÷ͨɶɽ壬Ҫʱ򣬲ɵ¶¶ǳ˼顣
ڷϣҲû˼ɶȤͻصʥŮˣȴû뵽ȻͣڴĶĵؽ硣
ûҲ߲ˣҲ֪ɶʥŮ֮ԼߣֻΪԼҪԼŵӵݣڻɶлڴĶ߶
Ҫ̽ŻܣҪʲô飬Ҳܲôֻ֪࣬ɶǣħ֮У϶ҪƲϵϵģһ£˴ŵС鷳ܰ̾ѡ
ôˣˣڲǼƽʱ򣬰ɡһ󣬶÷˵
Ҫ«棬ʲôҩ
ӣþòܿ죬ɶ÷ţڷƷϵĺԺ
ǸŮӣòװȫûκα仯ȴǰһ
ǰΪߣԿ̽ɶڣᵤ鵤ʶͷǿȻ￴ľΪ
ɶ㾹ȻҲг˸֣¶ݣȵҺÿࡣ
Ŷɶ˵ƾ磬ɵÿһۣȴЦصԭѾ鵤ˣֲܹɶг˾磬ɶڴ˹ϲˡ
˵ţ㹪һȻȥ˸
ɶĪˣǺһгʿҺεºܣ˴񣿡ǰΪͨŮӡӡĳƺûоŮװ磬ҲǲΪ⣬ڣЩΡ
֪λɶˬԼܹƺһӣǰʥŮǿ£ǰʥŮԼֻԼгʿ벻ķۡ
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ĻΪū澵ӣһԵС
ֻõ֪ɶʾ
һΣɶ׻ħعںõľϢȻ뿪ɽ壬ڷҲԼϢʱأԼ仰Ҫ档
ȥ˴סɶƤؿ
ף΢ȡ
Լɽʱ䣬Ҳȥ˴ףɺϻ
Ӳضģʥ̱ڸ׹վȥҲֻΪ˼һЩˡɶƺҲ¼ɣܿ㺬һͻȻᵽһ飬ȴһ벻ˣǸ˵ء
أһ£ףɶΪҪҴҸϻأԼˡ
Ǽس֣ɻ֮£̽¼Ȼֵ֪ԼͺغͳԹϸ
ˣлЩƣѵԼͺ֮飬ô㴫˾֪ˣĻУϢݣδҲ̫˰ɣ
أ׸ʲô뵽ɫʵûмǴĻʬƿصĵؽ磬ĶڣΪʬ⣬Ҳڴ˾ųע⡣
ҲΣԶʥ֣̽һ£̽ѰڴĶķֶ棬Ҫиһ飬ӿ֪Ǽʲô
ɶգգ۾ʵ


361 
ɶͱˣʲôֱӸҰɡεЦЦ˵ȴڷɿز²
سڴסйأʲô
ɱ㣡ɶĻ˵˳
ɱңô˵ԣû˿ȣصȷǧɱԼȻˣЩͿɱԼڴڣʲôУڴЩʲôֵɶﱼϻԼ
Լ²⣬ɶҪԼ飬ضͬѰ
˵̸֮ǰʹһ֪֪Уи֯áɶʵ
֪һ
ǺãȻ֪ҽ㷽ˡɶȻһȻ渵
ԭ뺮ؽԹػصʬںƲ֣һֻŸ𣬵ȴְħԼԽֻڣǧΪۣӶڵǰѰ
ڼ̳Զɱ¾ͳڹɱ¾Ϊǿ֮Ѫ۵壬ܻ꣬üġѪ󷨡ħٳУŵϺţԣΪھӢӣͬʱҲǾƸӰ죬ãרΪ˲켺ɱС
ڵɱ֣ʵߵͣΪͭɱ֣ɱ֣ɱ֣Ӧ³ˣгˣϳεʿ
ÿйţ䲼ɱֶȨȺȡУɱֶȡͭɱȣɱΣɱ󣬶ָֻɱȡɱȡ˸ҽӣɽɱֽ¡
ÿ˽ȡ֮ɱֱ㲻нȡֻеȴȡɱʧܣΪ˷ֹλɱɱƽ𺦱档
ЩУ˾֪ùأɱΣֶܶںδ磬ѰĿ꣬ɱͨʿһŲֻ֪һЩ߹󣬻߸еʿܽӴЩ
صȻͨʿ֮УҪɱ֯ȻҲ׾٣ܿɽףȷǲǱĶ죬Żɱ
֮󣬺ر㣬ʬھȥˣΪ֪ѣɱָηѲǲȥɱһʱʧܣҲֻ͵ĻߣȡɱֱǿȻִг泹ʧܵʱ
仰˵ֻҪǮûɱˣǵϵľ뢼ڵͼ۸Ҳֻǿɼ۶ѣûֱӾܾ
زûϵ÷ֶ淢飬Եɺ֮£ɶ֪ɶʶ˼֡
صΪ̫ߣҲʥڸֻĵ뿪Ȼ취ȡݣ֣÷ֶʶ飬ȻŹֺòΪڣƴ۵ذɱ㣬ֱɹΪֹ
˵ɶƺҲЩɻ󣬿˿ʵӣ㾿ʱǵˣʬڵȻֻһɵĵӣȴһŵӻҪȨƣǿ׵ġ
˵Ժлٸɡԣ˼ض˵漴ȴǱȭˣöлɶ棬Ļһ֪Ѿ˰жˣֻ¾㲻öԷ֣ҲóԸ
޷ʥŮ磬Ժ󻹶̹֮ǹӱʬڵ˺ˣҲʥ̵һʧɶЦ
ɶ˵ЦˡЦһȴǿʼ˸
֮÷Ժʰһ᷿ס
ɶǰʥŮߵŮνɮ濴棬ֻһͨķˣҲᵡοڷ˿ѷɫԼгʿǸԼصشϢҪú
ڣȴû˼дг˼Ƭ֮󣬰Ѳ˳
ӣкηԸ£ɵҲһ˿أʵ
ȥѺǰǰ˵һ˵ϵ飬һЩɻҪλǰ
ס˵ͷȻ˳ȥҺ׵˺ɵȥˡ
֮󣬺׵˺ɵϣ׵һЩ֣ϵ飬ǰձֻõµ˼ල󹤿ɱǣʲôɻ󣬷Ҫɣ
ʿʿʵ֮ʿճ飬ȻΪһҪ񣬾Ϊﵽƿ޷ˣҲӹţȻûæµµģ֮£ȻҲʿأҹϵһ֮ƸԴμش󣬵ȴվǷ£ӵĿǡҵ
ʵڲףѾſҲ𣬿ϼʹǾʵ޲ʲôʵġ
λǰ£ʵλǰѯΪ飬Ҫ̡͵
Ŷʲô飿׵˺ɵԣɵд档
˵Ҫ̣ҲûбҪ˵ѣֱ˵ˣȴΪڣȻ֪
ʵڲ֮ǰ˸ҴһϢ֮󣬲֪Ǽ٣Ҳ֪Ǻãλǰḻָܹһ
΢΢һ٣λˣ˵ϢǣسڴףҪɱ֣ȡ
˵ţɶϢԼ̺ԼϵһЩ˵˳飬ûбҪǣˣҲȫг˽⵱ǰơ
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׵˺ɵˣԶ΢һ£漴ɫת䣬ʼ¶һ˿ء
ǱΪҪϵ飬һЩëƤС£ȴû뵽Ȼ¹غغá
ãһضֲɱ֯˵֯ˣ󲿷ֶǳڵľ֣ϰɱ¾֮ȫóɱ͵Ϯֶֹεĸ֡ʣµһ֣Ҳĸ֣Ϊ׬ȡǮƻĥԼϵսָ֣ԴɱǿΪ֣Щˣ˵㣬ηս;˵ģ֮ͽͷβı̬
λǰҲ֪ôʲôǹҲҪǶԴкμ⡣ɫʵɳɱɱңôźã
⣬ǰǶסˣֻ˵öϵ׶༪٣δѣҲûԹһ£ǻȡʲôֶɱɡ׵˿ЦһЩĪΪζ
һ仰ʵڣϾȻḻҲʲô鶼ġ


362 ʦֵܣϣ
áҲɵ΢΢ͷ
Ǿ˵˵Ϣǲġ׵˵
΢΢һ漴ҲǻȻ
ȷϢǴɶȻûƭԼıҪ˵˻ѻôһ˼㶼ˡ
ԣλɶﲢûбҪƭ㣬ϢӦġ׵˳
ҲòӦм١˵
Ǻã±Ҳᣬһ£أǶ˽Ҳֻ֪࣬Կɱ˶ѣɳɱ֣ʲôĸ֣׵ʵ
Ϊ˼ҽ֣֪ҲöԸӦòɳһֵģҲϣаɱҲС
˵úеɱĸǱ룬λҲӶΪҪ󣬲ħ˷˵ġҪɱ㣬ҲֻΧŻңλע⣬ȻͻϮһ֣ﳤȥɵҲ˵
пܱˡ׵˵˵ɱ¾֮УΪغͿµģǴ֮֮̿̿һɱɱֶԣûл֮ǰȺһҲһлᣬУɱ֮ˣӦӦ
֮̿УȻд˵ͨⲻǷ˲ŷе𣿡Щֵʵ
֪ҲģţеʵЩԶɹǧһУûʲôɷ֮֡
ԭˡ˵ͷ
˱̣²ýºط֮пܵλ˹澭ϵ֮䣬Ȼѿֵܳƶ˳оݣʹŷʵڲò̾Ȼϵ
飬ҲҶˡ
ȻѾµԷҪ󸽽ŻֻͻȻɱһ֣λ˱̶ʱգܹ⣬һκη紵ݶҪ裬С
Ͼɱ֯ó˵ʤһСıпܰˡ
ǲģؿԲƸɱ֣Ѱҵ鷳ȴֻܱһ죬ҲӵƸðɱˣǾͺˣֻߣҽΪӵž뢣㺮ٺңҲǼǮ
λ̶б㰲࣬Щʡ
˭˵ǣâڱҲһģȴҲ֪Լǰ֮򣬼д򣬱д˹ҪҲӲ
Ҫģϼӷͬʱħ޶ǿԼʵԼʵǿκɱǰҲ壬ôõвȻơ
ˣλǰ飬ȲҪʦ㣬֪֮ͽաĩˣͱλ֮ǰһ䡣
ã˵֮£Ϊסɣ׵˺ɵ˶һۣʵ
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ȻˣԻᱣܡ׵˺ɵ˵
á˵λǰҲǧ򲻿ɴ⣬Ȼʦ㲢Ǻ޵Ŀ̫꣬ʦҲһǺڡ
ͷİɣòǴãȻĳԣΪĥӣʩӰ죬ǽȡҲҪȡģշѻһĹ󣬲Ȩ֮ˣҲҲǡ׵ԱЦһ㣬Ƿǳġ
֮⣬ǹӶɱҪķѴǮƣǺˣҲҪĿΪһ͡
׵ô˵ҲˡȷϣУҲҪѴ°н
лλˣϣ˼һ󣬱˽˰׶ͺƽдһ嵥Ȼ󽻸ʮ񣬱ɽȥˡ
嵥Ǽءħ״󡱣Ĳϣħ״̽ӷĹ֮ʱõԶͼܱǡӡػ֮أƷͣȻڵķ԰ѴȫӳǽĵرܹӼõġ
Ʒ塭Ҳòһɽˡ
ɽϣ׼ôȫ춦֮У춦еķϵӣԭ΢ۻ룬֮£Ȼ֮ࡣ
ʱ꣬壬ܹ߶Ҳ˵ΪķʽƴȫಫҲܲʮ֮࣬ۿ˵൱ۺ
ʱһξ࣬Ϣڽؽз֮ʱԪ̨󸽽һΪٳǵǳ֮УͨŵӴʦ̤Ĵš
ֵĳǳأ֮ĵӡ
ȺǺϳϵ֣ǰʦɵۣ·ûмӣشˡ
ɵһɣŵĵؽ磬ȻǸຮ֮ؿɱȣˣֲ۹ģǾҸطͶޣ̽Ϣɡʦˣضͳ˵
ιԪ̨ļϳʦֻҪﵽϳ˵ģÿʯڿ֮вԭֻҪԭ󣬾ÿµʯˣ߹·ǧҪ
ŵӴʦ̸֮ʱϵһͻȻģȴһȺ취£ΪŵӵԲ֣֡
﷢ʲô飿ǰʦһʵ
Ԫ̨ļ󹤡ԭ󣬼ΪӲ֮ˣ䣬ܰɽ֮ھȻϾңɲ⣬ۣΪֹҲҪ֮նɱǣͨ˲ܰɡʦˣһ󾫹⣬ش
ԭˡļ󹤣һǱĴû᣿ʦ૵˵
ԱĬĬͷܿ죬˱תЩԲȥ
λʦ֣ǿҪļ󹤣
ԲкߵŵӣЩŵӴ඼ԸŸɵľӢ˵ҲֻרѰƵģȻǿΪ񣬵ȴʽ
ôλʦܣȤЩʦָ˵Ԫ̨嵱󹤣ǿһһÿҪֻ֮ͨ⣬ʱ䣬ԿĴҪɵöࡣңÿ¶ʯ룬һǧʯ㹻ʮ깦ˣǽԲУҲָտɴġ˵һеʵǰ;Զ󰡡
ЩԲӣ˽󹤵Ĳ£ۼ¶ȤɫּæǴͣݵڣܿȥˡ


363 ʦֵܣ£


Ŀ֮УһȺʦڻ䣬
Ԫ̨£֮еһ֮УݺύĿʮÿһͨصĵطÿһգ󹤱ɵУڶѨھѰұϮתΪԭĿʯ
Щʯʵ֣һʯͬǣմȾ֮Ӳȱһ㣬еķˣ޷ǣҪ˵пɣУֿɵĻƣʦеෲˣǸھѨ󶴣ּԭ󣬵ȵȡ
Ҳ⿪ɵܼôһʦĳԭ󣬼׹ǰҲǸǰʦֻͨĿۡ

صûڼӲԭϣ֮أʮϵĹ㣬ȻҲֻȭͷСһԭһտʦɵͷ󺹣صشŴһƨ
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ģʲôеǸۻĲ£ÿй涨Ŀ˵Ҫ˳ɣѶԭɼʹֱù谡
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Сү̫ˣ뵱Ϊÿɼ򵥣Ϳ׬ȡʯȴû뵽ȻҪԺģ֪ˣСүұ㲻ˡ
СӣŸô죬ӿˣϾԺеܣʦߣһͬΪϳʦĹ澳꣬Цп䣬ӵһ㣬նھҶ֮ϣһʯɽһļⶴǰ
Ȼ󣬴˽ⶴĸһͷСصԭʯӶڵһڵ档
ۣϸ磬ôôڳһ飿ʦ㵵ʵ
ҵĹ񣬳ֵͽǶҲ㾫ЩȻҪ졣˵СӣϢûУϢˣͿЩڣȻɲ˽Ҫʹ˿۷ٺˣһʮöʯı꣬ٿ۶༸գɾʣ޼ˡ澳Ц
ԭ˱ǵ̤ٳǣԲʦ£󵱿󹤵ʦ
֮Уû֪ǴӺδȥδȴ֪һʦֵܣЩйԲƭΪ˴󹤵һǻѪȴпʵؽ
ȥÿճ˿ɣǿɣǵţһ㣬ʵǿʦҲˣܹǳɿɵʣʱ֧䣬ǸոزãҲڶʮ֮䣬ʽ֮Уһˡ
ⲻŰ²˵еʦܣ㿪ʼܲˣпۡ
ʦܣˣڰɡʦߣһֳֿ䣬ػڶ֮ϣѵشȡԭʦŵ˵
ȻҲΪߣΪѣȴû˿Թԡ
ͬǳࡣ
ʦ֡СӣǲԶˡ澳˿ڣвɵ¶һĨ֮ɫתԸղƿڴʦ˵˵ص󹤣Ҳһڿ׬ǮԸȻãʲôɱԹģ˵ôϻˣҪͿɻɣҿǻͿչˣڳʱԲ
ϵؽѵһʦרעͷϵĿȻְǿͷ­Сԭû飬װߵĴС
Щַÿλ뿪֮ʱҪϽȻѲʹ߼£˷ּ𣬲Ʒߵ
֮ĴƷǷֽΪʯȻţǶͨ˻³ʦˣЩĿ޹ء
ǡֻڿѣʲôŪġʦ˼䣬㲻鲻ԸվػеĿ䡣
ڿȷǸеʦھ򲻵ʱѾţΪˣ⻹ƷһԭƷ࣬׳ģ¾ԲǰҲҪķһܻ顣
СӣҪѾ꣬չˡֹ˲ã澳˵еĴЦŶ˵
Ȼ˳ȥ
ԭϣʱ䣬һ£ÿÿ춼й涨ĿֻҪܹɣʲôʱ򶼿ɽ뿪Ҳ֮еĸˣ٣⴦Ѿɳǵһɵı
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ٰʱȥһͬع澳ĸ˵
ʰңҲ뿪
ʱ䣬½뿪ȫһЩʵΪǿʦ
ιˣҿɲˣǣ
߰߰ɣ߰ɡʦػ˻֣εض½ǵ˵
˿̣ʱѾ˴죬һ뿪Ĺ澳궼Ѿ뿪ʱǽµԭȴƺֻһ֮࣬ۿţٹʱҲһܹ꣬ˣû˵һͬ뿪ȫˡ
Щ뿪Ĳ֮ȻľȻػ䣬ͷɿˣͻȻԼһ㣬ͣ
ʦ֣Ѿˡһֱп۵ʦ·һˣ˵
ʱﻹиղḡӡ
֪ˡΪʦֵһ㣬̹Ȼ֣ڵ棬Ȼһһģһʦֳֿ䣬վػӻ
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˵Ȼߵʦ޶£Ƕ˼ΪϤˣ˰ڵһҲԷֱ١
ʦһ֮澫ʦ̾ȴû˿棬·Уһ쾳ŵӣܹһ㣬ΪƵġ
˵֮䡪
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Ϲ籬һ˵ξȻθߣҲűôһúǹ澳һһϢҲǹشӺر˺ء
Ϊʦ֡ˣһĻҲû˿棬·ĵػӳһ䣬۵һֱ붴ڣȻһƬļӲԭ󣬴ݿرһ
Կһǣ֮࣬Ǹղڵ࣬ЩԭҲϣǽĲɿ񣬱Ҳˡ
ɹ澳ʦҲûпνġһֻۣǶ˵ʦ֣ȥˡ
Сһ㣬ԷعӶǣ֮
֪ˡ
澳ʦЦһЦ߳
֮߳ҲͻȻΪ֮һ䣬ͻȻɺر˵Ӱ䵭ʧڿС
΢ĩһĨȰӰһɿԪ̨ķȥ
⣡


364 ɱϮϣ
Ʒ壬֮С
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䣬һŸ뵰СͨԲĹ򣬾ǰ𽥣һöӨףһĵ衣
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ڵĵӰӦͶ⣬һֻ󣬲Ȼı䣬ԭΪһŰۣҲ𽥱һ㣬ʵڵĵѾ黯ʵʵתĹؼһ
ʿᵤ֮󣬵ʵȻ󵤻գֳһ⣬νĽ𵤴ɣԣʵ֮ص۷壬ǽ𵤾硣ڣǰԼĵʵѡ
ͻȻ֮䣬һöӨףһĵ裬㻯ư׹⣬ڱ֮з˽ȥʱͨһâޱȵ̩
ӦԼķʵ˼֣ҲõüʵǿʶӦҲø
ֻҪȥһ죬ܹͻƼޣԪ̥ʱʿ֮ﵽ֮עĲٽͷ
Ǹת䡣
ڵȹ̣ʵˣش߶ħ֮ʱҲʵ֣ǿ󡣡뿪ţվ
εı仯ղޣȻܹӦҲ֪ȥ֮𵤣һûдﵽصƿ֮ǰֳĽǷʶǿȻ㡣

ͻȻ֮䣬гһ䵶֮
䵶û磬ͣնһܿ죬㱻նһһĵۣݺύ
Դӵõħ֮Ѱ˼ţԼ˳ֱУǷҪһŵӵΪõľԼվΪҪѰһʺԼҲףҲֻȰѴ¸һߣԼ̽
֮󣬾ȫͨʶһ似ͼͨûܿԣٲŲ飬Զص䣬ʶҲǹ㷺֮Դһ£û΢ĩ֮ʱɽֹǵ֮
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οڷУԲʦѾʦʿǸ߸ϵʦ򵥹
¶ģԼ֮̽󣬱ⷽһ๦Ҳʵͨ˲ٷϳ˵ڰм˾ʽ⣬һһڿʼһ׵ĳΡ
Ȼ׵ֻǵã沢û̫µĵȴնһղֻԺ쾳ԪתȻܹƾնǽ滮ۼѾ˵һ֮Զ
Ҫ֪ʿң඼ʯʩӵƣ編һ̣ܹԺʵлۣѾǼΪѵˡ
Ȼ֮ļ󣬵춦رµľģ׷ĵҲҪԴ˾޴Ϊ
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£ȴһֶûȡõϸһ󣬾ֻȡʽɵĵվĵ
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ʱҲµ˵ˣ˳ɱ֣Ǳˡ
˵ڼ̳Զɱ¾֮ɱ¾֮УԴ֮̿Ϊأ£ڰǱʱȻͻȻɱ֣һ֣ܵ⵹ԼĳƣҲһ֡
ֻ֮̿Ƕڰ͵ϮרҪΪĿ꣬Լĵȴȫɣһʮᡣ
Ϊûţ߳ҡ
ӣҹѾˣ׼ЪϢ𣿡÷棬æӭϣʵ
ȥɣùҡ˻֡
ǣū澸ˡ÷ûие⣬ֻǰȥ
ΪʿճϢȷһɣһһ죬ֻ߽ղԷ˯ǼŮҲϰΪˡ
뿪Ժҹɫ߿շȥ
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ԾӸ£帮ۡÿһطȻ¹ⲢǷǳʶʿסԺ䣬ʶϣ΢ЩӰط˺֡
ûз֣ƺӰɽʧʼˡԥһ£˵һԤУѾǳӽۡѾǱ˸֮ۡУ
СĽԣɵЦһȻصôҾʹݾߣˣħ״󣬸ҷ
˵֮䣬ǰһʱ䲼ɽϵĻɽ󣬿ʼ


365 ɱϮ£
飡
飡
ټķƷϣʼ
Ȼҹɫ֮У㾲еūͣ澣ѾЪϢûвЩĳ֣סࡰԺе࣬Ҳû˿㷢֣һӰǰŴ˳·ܾҰޣֳȥ
ħ׻󣡡
״ɵЦһַ



һһӰǺӰʧĵطֳȴһȺףݵļʿ
ЩʿǷˣؾʿ·콫콵
ʲô飬ղźһӰ
ڼʿӵмģһ׵½лʹȡ
ղŵȷǱˡ
ǱˣôĵӣΪ׵һʿʣȵѣҲҪҳ
ǣʿӦŵ
漴Щʿ׷׷Ͷڵ֮С
ôôԶſܣȻʶһ¾ͷң
֮еĺӰҴҵصͷ
ԭЩǰֵļʿ࣬Զͥԡ̫⡱ΪϣƵһֿܡֿѾԽһܵķ룬ﵽƵľ磬ֻǣӵеķͨȻףȴͥͣҲûͻƿı£ʶ飬ҳɳ硣
ҲʤڳɱʵɿԶȺɳֿܣɵһԺϴɨۣսķնħ;ǳĹ㷺
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УһЩɱĴ˵Դڴˡ
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369 飨ϣ
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վȥںõĴԭһڷڵ档

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СӣҪ죬ҺܿѶľһ硱ԶԶ
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370 飨£
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ҹ׶ƽƣĺֵæµһ죬׵˺ɵҲĴ߶찵֮ȫۼһһյջ
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ֱʱȻԼƺһԼûһǰɱ֣пֻܲһˣˣˣ
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372 ܣϣ
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֪ʱǵϣݺύĵۣͣѪ·˶ΪѪˡ
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373 ܣУ
Щʱɱ֣ȴҲûаԼ£ԾɻڲϼԪϵعΪԲȲﵽʵ硣
ﵽʵȹ֮ʵԵĽҵҲʤȥ֣¶ھħʿ֮ɫ
һ˲䣬ҹԭҶ̸ܵŨŨΣ·ֻҪĻ֮д̾ҪһմûĿܡ
ӰۿžҪӵڵʯ֮䣬ͣĻһ֮ңܴӱǼܵ΢΢⡣
ܴд
ˣ֮ã˷յľ֮Уܹգʹ״ݡһĶ򣬵ٶȼֻǱ䣬Ĩټͨȫûá
ǰȻߣҹҴ⣬ЩȥڣбΪˡ
ͣڻĻǰˣ˵
ˣȻܹ֮λϵĸӦҲ㱻ɱΣɼΪͣħ֣ѾԳѹǣҵ鲼ܣҲǵӶݣȻʤȯա
ҹԭҶȻҲʶƼ䲻һۣͻȻг浶֣һ˦һͶ
٣


ߣ
ĸĹ֣׵ڿֱ֣ڶϱĽǣȻԡ
ڵַݣХϮ֮ʱҲûţ˫ֽۣȻ󡰻һ·÷¯Ѿãͨ
ˣһסһͷ͵ذ˿
ʲô
˵ĹٶԼֵĶ֣Уӿһ˿ɻ
ƺĳŶݼ֮ŴͳͨԪ𵤵Ľ𵤴ˣôôء
ûмĹ
ûԥ̾ͼħӵն
Ȼûмʶ湦ȴҲ֪˽üչΪʱһնûнҲûʩչԿ˵ʩ

ħնڻ֮ϣһҵĻ𻨣ȻӦϡ
ʱϳصȻ·һ㣬Լ趯һ΢΢һ£Ȼزϣһ֮УȻħ
תֱֻ֮ѱ
ʲô
ֻеԼһʹĳȣŻ˹ͨˣһ¿ƤȫѪⶼɣȼ
ͲǷˣҾ츳ӵ˲ݺҵı죬һ⣬˵ֻǹ̶ѣƤⶼûơ
ܿ죬ʹб㱻ǿѹȥɺѪĺҵƾڣڡ
ԭԶŵų췣֮ĺҵ𣬺ܿ㿪ʼȼ
Ϊһ壬ȫû˺ֺϵķ룬ŵѣûһ˿ֻһĻƴŵ˳ȥ·ڱܿɿµ档
ԶҹԭҶˣɫ䣬˫˫³һѪɳȥ
Իƻ𣬺ҵʤ
С˵䣬·ҪմȾϵĻҳɨһ㣬мЦһͬʱߵĺƣͻȻâʢ󶴵ҵܵǣһѹ
ΧȼյĻĻʱٱƽ˼֡
Ԫдݣ죡󺣣
߶ҵȫķ˵˼ʢ
ʱѾϲûԿƺҵˮﻹпɽ߶ϱƳҵ𣬲ڷԲʮ⣬һĻ絰ǣһضΧ
͵𣡡
ҹԭҶնʱǰδľǵĶҪдɲ֮ĺǱҵϣȻգҷ³
ѣ֮ѹĻƽҪͬ³
ֲúعӷ֮ʱѣ̣һǴ͵Եħ¡Էٻٽʬĺҵ޷̣ԲҪ濹⡣
ҹԭҶһۣǲ¶˿ɬЦ⡣
Ǳ˵أͼɱ֮ǰѵֶ֪ΣϢԴǱˣǷĺعӡ
ʬڵ֮ӵҪǿвӵɣҲΪˣڴǰǱͷ棬Ǳؽ֮£ͷжһϷƷ壬̽һڿϻɱܻƣߡ
Ȼϣ̽ǳɹºƷҲ̾˵£ǱĹʮ㣬û¶κ
ҹԭѺ֣õ˼Ҫľ飬̶ܺ潻ֻ֣ܰпţԼи֮ʱͻϮ
Ҳ˵϶˴ΨһĳɹᣬԼ¶һɱĻᣬܹɱضҲڼʱڳɹȻԶԶ룬ɱɽ壬սһȻȡʤΡ
ҪȵԼ¶ʵ̫ˣʱϵԽãٱ¶ΣҲԽֻһ·ߡ
Ϊ˴һĿģǱﲼ׻Ҫը󶴣ĻңҲֻˣڴ˵Ǳ޵ĻǣעŻᱻΪܹܣҲŻиʱԼɱ͵Ϯ飬ֳ¡
Ԥ֮У֪ҹԭΪԼ˴˻Կ̮зҲͨĿϣҶմˣûǰֹʱ켣Ⱥ֮Уǰ̽һкܴĻɹ
һƻɣҶձ¶мαװɡҶơҹԭҲ̳֣ƴಫɱڻҶճˣӳ죬ء
µһеļƻʧܣվûϵȻѸٱѰѭᴦܣҵڣһ£ûбܿ濹⣬˸ֲ
Ҳϣֻһ·ˡ
ʯ֮Ľ֮󣬿ɬЦ⣬ͻȻþ
ǵϣһͻȻر÷ʴӷס
Σ죬ͺͻȻ˶˻ԲƤӦǾƤҵݡ
Դ֮еһĻȴû˿Ц֮⣬ܵв
ܵɱرŨޱȣ
ҪԱ


374 ܣ£
һ׷ͬʿƴʱҲֶΣطѪ湦ȼշЩȫԪ֮٣ȻºҪشȴܹʤڱȡʤľзΪʤ
ҪѣҲԼΪնȻ󣬳˲ʩչѪ뿪ʱʩչѪݣһط
ħ֮УСħ󷨡Ѫ֮һĹЩһֱӺͲңһ࣬ǰ;ΪעԱ󷨣ʿԱᵤʿԱΣԪ̥ʿԱԪӤ̥ʿԱԪ񡭡һһͣһһ£
ƴʩչȻԪˣȴܻأֻߣܹԪҲ˵ǰ;ΪעԱ󷨣ȴǻһвˣȫûһ˿ת徵أҪƴ
˵ӣܵ𺳡
ֲʲôĳУڴˣ
𺳵ͬʱҲɵ÷ֹ鵱֮
ڣȫѪֲƤ棬ȾһѪ֮ɫ˺ɫƤǵҹͣڵķҲһ֮䣬ûɬ·һʱпܱĻӡ
ӣԶľ̿ʯ߻ϣɵĻҩɣֻҩȼ֮׻ңӵмǿҵ׻ҲֻҩΪԭϣͨС磬һССķֽ֮ϣӵмǿ
ʿķԶԶǿڻҩѪΪǿǿ
ô˵ͬʿûأ϶Ҫը
ƣ˶˽ᵤʿԼΪҪͬʱԱԼӲҲըģ
ܲסģ뾡ǣնƣ
𾪹ͻȻһȻݶʩչ״ݣһ˲ŲƵ
ãǺ棡
ҹԭҶʩչطԱ壬ѪԪȫıըشɱʱȻܵĿʧسڱ󣬲ɵͷƤ飬г
ҲǻϣһƷˣȻһŲƣѸ֮޴ӷӦҲû뵽ҪͷȻ˷ûԶԶ˿жԶӶԶǽӽ
һŲƵٶȣʵ̫ˣʩչģһǰδĶݷ⧲֮£ȫûס
ҵ𣬷Ԫ
֮ʱ֣ץǼϣһ±Ǵӿ
ͬʱ֣һָǹһ㣬̵Ǻġ
ҹԭҶд󼱣Ҫӿ߶ѪתȴͻȻоһɳޱȵĺָĩӿɿ뵽Լ֮С
ɳҺһ鶯ޱȵĻߣ֮кѪ;ɢܿ뵽֫ٺȫ£Ȼ󽻻
Ƶľ޴ʹӿɲ֮䣬ȫѪԪɢܣһ±Сָԭ״
ãһ£Ǿ޷ˣһУһһС
ֱʱųһ׵ף
ʵ˵ΪҲν֮û˿֮ȴǴ߶Ա󷨵ı׶ˣҶܿϢԼʿѪⱬըըֻطʶϾУʹԼĻþ֮УƭȡķӦʵ֣Ȼ̻֣˻սһ㣬ܵķӦԱֹͣ޷ɹ
Ҳ˿ǻз֮ϾԱ󷨲ǶϷ´߶һ룬ʶ˶ǼģϱҲܲϢˣΪҵѴӽᵤ˲쾳磬ԪûдﵽȫɢΪͨϢ
ʿʦΪһ㣬ò䣬ʱڲϱ仯֮УʴˣŻͬˮۣ˵˵Ҳ˵һĳһ磬֣һαչضʱֻˣ˲
Ȼﵽĳһʿ£ôҲҪ׵öࡣ
ȻԱҲԸ㣬ǳʧˡץס֮ҹԭЦһ˵
䵽УҲµԼʲô³ȫԼѾʧˡ
Ҷǽ˫ۣĵϢɺѪҺȫڸղ飬Ҳӵнᵤʿʣǻˣò
ʧܣǵȷʧˡЦһָſת˶ڿС
ǹʧֻڣҲͻȻߡ
ҸһᣬʧҲȻܹͿǶԼסǽڿ֮󣬿˵
˵Ϊе飬ʵʵ㣬ͷǣҹԭĻЦһѪ˰ɣ˵֮ǰѾ֮ˣȻѾʧܣǱǸ֮ˣҪɱҪУϤ㡣
˵ţ۾
ȻµҵͼҲȷ˼֮Խ˼֮ˣԽֻɱֶѣǺصūʲôҪΪ˵õĹؾʧһʧܣҲ޷ȥ
ķӦͻȻʵ
Ҳø˶Ȧӣһڱбݡ
Ȼ֪ǺعҪɱ㣿Ѿ۾Դ㲻ҹԭ⻰ɵٴ۾ȵؿһۣϢҲͨȫ޸֮ˡ
ܿ죬ȻһЦֻ֪֪ǺعҪɱ㣬ȴƺûʶԼʲôľء
⻰ʲô˼ƺлɵüͷ
ҵ˼ǣ˽⣬Լǵľʲô㣬һͺúʱ⣬ܵȫܣýҲȫȻúõһҹԭص㻹ǰɱ˰ɣܿ죬ҲһᲽǺ󳾵ġ
ߣԣӹһ˿죬ȴòϣɱ˵ҲЩ
ͨӣǵõĽҲԴˣԲĿܣ
ɱ֣Բһɱ֣ҪԼĻý϶кĴɱֱزľΪΪֹ
ʱܵΣһɱȵ֮ʱصΣ
أ겻ɢ


375 ̽Ѱ
֮붦У˷Ʒϡ
󶴣Ȼҹ˷棬ϼӿҲҹԭҶն֮ʱгַΧأԴƲûд̫ԶһЩʶϸ֣˲ûз֡
飬ֳԭʼԪˣԱɣ飬ٲƣֻ¾Ҫ²мˡ
Ը
ˣҪķԭʼԪƣԣЩԾļʶףղǴȴҪΪơ
ȻѾˣǻ׽ǣҪ׽ɱҲһ׵飬ȹѺ˵Щջ񡣡
Ϊ޵˵
ŵɱ֣ʱԴȥɱ֣ȴ޷õǺãжۡ
˵ˣȰţκˣС
ˡΪƺҲĴ㣬ܿհ
£ǰѺ׵˺ɵϸһȻð׶ͺƽϢϽ۽֮£ʧܻƣҶơҶաˣΪͷ֮
ͬһ󶴵Ŀ󹤣Ҳмɱǣ޷صʧ
λǱߣ˵ñԶǰ
˵أǽҹ֮£
λǱ޵ʯɽУոһ·ԼֱһɽҹĻƳϣ˫һ֮ϣ΢˫Ŀ˵
ˣΪ˵¡ҲǵһμƳϱˣˣ֮ҲֻҾһˡûмλϣǶڱչǱޣûԼҲʶȤûѯʡ
Ŷѵлʲô飿ƳΪʵҹܵϢʶ̽飬ȴ֣һض÷ˡ
Ҳȷеɻ飬ػİȫз紵ݶҪע⡣
Դ⼸£ҹ̽Ʒ壬ͼȻҹڷƷ壬µ֮УٹأϴŵеƣҲסϢ¶ҪΪħ仯ˡ
У仯֮ǧǧϢܹģµģǸ߽ʿ޷塣
˾٣ʵǲִ󣬻Ϻ޵˵飬˽˳𣬳ɱκι
仰˼ǽлƳĪҪ£ǣ塣ƳϺεȵܹɵϵģΪ˾Ҳֻ΢΢һЦûΪֱ׶ŭ
ֻǵȻˣԼΪ֮ɣҲˡ
ֵڣҲ顣
ЦЦٺⳤ̸۵һȻ뿪ˡ
ӳϴص֮Уȡ춦ҹԭҶ˷˳
ʱ˾ɶƣѾõ߰˰ˣǸӦϢۣȫˣʱ֮ǰҪˣϵϢȴԷ֣Ǵ˿̻ǺصΪǿԪסûټˡ
ڵǣѪʢǿᣬԼӵнľ飬طͨʦ
ʲôʵģ;ʰɣȻǵУҲʲôܸģܹشģȻش𣬻ش˵ģɱҲûá
մӶгҹԭƺѾ֪Լʣʱղ࣬ҲһۣԹԵڵأ˵
ңҲ֪ɱܻи֮ʣ˻ҲҪɱǰɡɱ˺ɱ֮Ǵӵһɱ𣬾Ѿˡ
Ҷղû˵ֻĬĬߵϢȻҲͬ˵
֪ʲôǱҷģΪǺ죿Ҳûֻ£
˵ֶιطǳҲȷһЩɵ㣬ǳбҪʸ
ش书ħͨǣ޷Ҳһϣҿһܣ仯ܻòɽ̽㣬飬ԼҲ֪ˡ
ԭˣȻǰǿܣ΢΢һ
Ҳû뵽ԼüҵҹԭȻǿܱ仯¡
ҵſطԴԶ׵ǿжᣬͨ˵սģұռǿܣѾնɱҲûˡҹԭ˵ɵҲЩźҡͷ
ңҵǣѾȥһǣȫԪҲҲûнϣˣҪ޳Ԫ̥ɾԪӤҲûָ
ûҹԭɧֻʵʵҺܲ⣬˵Ǯƣ֣ľΪǺذµҲˣΪͷƴˣȻҪԱķɱңҲӦ֪ԱɹҲпѳȥģпܷģǺǶУһֵҲûС
ֵҹԭĻȴһЦѵΪǻɱ㣬ȥмֵ𣿲ûиףЩ˵ûκԴ̤ÿʼһеһУ㶼Ϊ÷ˡ
һ£ȫȻû뵽Ȼôش
˵֮УҲѽ֮⣬ȫȻûһ˿η塣
˵ΪԽԽˣһֻΪȴû뵽в֮ˡΪҲоȥʲʲôˡ
֪ΪΣȫȻûһ˿ЭͷҲΪǿԺеܺԼȡԼ뿪
ѵҪҶʶֶΣҹǲɱΪڹؼʱ̣ӶļƬû֪Ϣ
ԥһ£վͷռϷ磬ڳ¶ģվ
ڣҹԭҶֻǴ׵ĸȫȻûһ˿֮
һж֮С
Ȼǲ˵ǱԼ̽Ѱ𰸰ɣҵҪʲôʹʹ̶ֳܹȡ
ɱȻ£ֲҲҪɱľȴܵ˼вԼҹԭһ䣬˽⣬Լǵľʲôƺ⡣
Ԫʶ̶Ҳᳵˣ֮Ͷ뵽춦У˶Ǳܣƣ״̬ļƬҲ
Ŀ˼Щļ䣬ã۾ӹһĨ֮ɫ


376 Ƽңϣ
ȻûУ
һ˿ҲûУ
֮𾪣Ϊ˵ļ֮зʲôǡǡ෴ʲôҲûз֡
µļƬ֮Уӳɳϰ䣬޵̣ȫɼû˿ɬѱ֮һؼ֮μڣνãνȡ񣬻֪Ϣͱģ壬ȱʧ
ҲΪֻɺϣϾ춦ˣ䣬ܹһ˵ļ䣬һЩħѻ֮Ҳͬûʲôֵġ
յļƬ࣬𽥿ʼֲԡ
ɺϣδҲɹͷ˰ɣ
ܿ˵ļ䣬϶˶ֽţֽţһܶģ֮ĸ򣬾̥֣Ҳ㣬ǵ龳ϲɡ
׻ʲôˣǼ֮жֽţôĿʲô
ͻȻסԼ֮ۡеɶɶϢ֪ͨһЩ
ˡʰ飬߳ңһ
ӣʲôԸŮ˽
ɶûڵĻ˵һ䣬˵룬ȴֹ˰ˣ㲻ȥˣһ˰ɡ
Ȼƶƣ䲻ӲıԣνģʿҲעؼرģǣʵʵڵԱĵӰ죬ȴҲ޿ɱģɶֻһͨŮҲˣʧ񣬵ɸĪĵ֣ȴζˡ
ū澣ѣܻΪһ̸ȻҲҪһˡ
֮ɶסĶԺ֮С
⴦Ʒĸۡռز󣬵ȴҲȫȫʿ׼޽иԺ¥㹻еλĿ乩סȫǶŶ档
߽ɶסԺʱһ۱㿴˳
ӣңɶϹŵЦ⣬ȴЩȡ
ȻʥŮ֮شĶ죬ߣȴһֱĴߣæµʥҲûཻ̫飬ͻȻãʵЩ⡣
ɶһ²ɶܹߴͽ̡żɽ˵
Ǻǰҹ֮йذɣƺ˵⣿ɶ̽ʵ
ɶȻϢͨʲô㡣
˵Цˣҿ;ڴˣǷʥŮ֮׷湫ӣôҴ̽㸮ϵ˽ô˵ѵǶɶɣɶӹһ˿Ц⣬ί˵
ɶˣҲ˼ɵôΪͷۡ
ɶƺг˸ԾӣǰҲǹؾأڳƹӣò˵Ǵᵤ翪ʼŸĿڣҲˣǵãԼǺΪʱ˳ƺԵЩˡ
ʲôԭʹĸ֣ҲԸ£ΪūΪ澣û˿ģ
˵ʵɶĪ⣬һֱԼߣҲ֪ǲʥŮŵϸŮӣö˵ȻǾԶ֮ġ
ûбΪū澵Ի
ðɣҲ֪㲻˼ҵʲô£λΪ˸ʥŮȡ磬ûһָĻٴΣȥѰءɶЦص¶һ˿ŮƤ
ҹõɱ֣Ȼ˵ÿʼɱˡַųһʶ̽Ȼ󣬳˵
áɶԣɫ΢䣬ӣ㻹ǽɣﲻ˵ĵط
ϢģȻҲ֪ԣҪǰѯԼ϶˲ͬѰ֮ҪԼ˽Ķ
ɶҲϻۣܿµͼԼ֮УȻһݵǰ
ӣò衣
лӹ豭Ϊ˵ɶʵѾɱȡˡӵһųҵرԻ˾ȡ䣬ֵǣҴɱϣʲôõļ䶼ûеõؼ֮ƺѱĨȥһħ֮Уʲô꣬۸ļͨĻβƽ⣿
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д£ԣɼ侪ȡ
ñ裬Ȼ̫ϳҲȨʵͨط
Ӿ֪ˣʵ£ħ߽ʿӵеͨطֻżȻõֻҪ䲻йǿԾΪУԼ˻߼Ĳ֮صģãȻ£һֱһҰѳֵģ֮֯λҲƼҼΣഫڶĿƣҲֻǲҶְ춽ѡ
ɶ˵˿ͻȻֵʵƼˣҲӦܹ⣬ɽΪŵĲƲʵϣűԴ˿ƼÿΣ޴ӼܣҲֻ֮֮ѣҲ˵ļ壬ԹűңҪ˵ɵĸ˰һֲҲ޿κΣ
ߴţħǿʢʵѾȺ۷ľˣƩţоŴɹÿһɹеɵʵҲǾž޵ͨܣܹŻ̫ϳԼ֮ϣȫǸΪԳһɣ棬ϣƾײٿ֮˵ѡţϣά桭
˵ƺҲ£Ȼ٩٩̸̸ħľ
ûдĵţԽԽľ
ֱʱףԼɶȣʵǾ֮ܣûмС
ͺһλҰ޴ʳʶ˸ӹأǳէʶһλŮ硣
Ůڴ˼Ҹ߳ģ̱˼ҡ
ô˵ֻƼ֮˲ʩչҪƽ⣬ֻһˣǺԶɱʩչѵΪһЩ˵ܣʿ
棬ͻȻоЩء
˿˵ݼ򵥣ǱúƼң򵥡


377 Ƽң£
ûϲˣӦþƼʿϵõõϢȫûпܡ
Ĳ²⣬ɶҲΪȻ
˵⻰֮ȴɫ죬ӣ㵽ź˺أԵĻʵңҿʥŮʥŮ⣬ҲͲΣˡ
ʥŮ⣿ԣһ¡
Ҳʹǵأʹϧðգ;ɱʱͰǰҲ޽ֻ֮˵Ȼش취
嶿黹ûصǵõⲻɵĵز֪ȻħûǰѰ𣬵ȴҵãɱֶԸ嶵֪µĻҲ෵طƷˡ
һͨ龳֣ѶԸƺԪ̥ʿȴȨƣΣҲԶͨҪ
飬ʥŮعֹ
ʥŮι㷺гͣһɣҲ֪ԼʥŮ׷ǹʣҲΪԼϡ
ңҲã⡣
ӿǻɣʥŮԸ棿ɶԥһЦʵӴɲԷƱĳɾͣѾʥŮ汣ˡ
ֻһɢˣεºܣʥŮģ飬Լ취ɡɫص
ɶԣҲ֪԰̻Ĵ٣ιʶȤسĬ
ڴ˿̣ңԶãã֮еһǳϡ
һģ֮Удλ
һƬžա
ͻȻ˴˵صļžЩ֮УͻȻ׵һƬ
ʱ컹δͷ·ѷķɽشҹĻ޾Ĺ⻪¶ȵΧӰ׷ױһ󾪶ʱȻ֮ˡ
ԼЩѾӾӨ͸ʣ仯ΪһƬʣŽʸУʸеĹ֮УȴֱԵýӲࡣ
ع顭еˣʲôʧܣɱ
ҹԭҶգɱ֮УֻȡǱɱˡ
⣬ӰܿۼһȺɫµʿЩʿʿ֮еĺ֣صأӦоУǿһ⽵ٵ󣬿š
֪󱳺ĺ塣
ʲô֣ɺͳ
ͻȻſڣһϵſȥȴһ׷ԲԵһ֦ͷȣ˽
ѣ
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˼֣ɵͣ׷оƵ
ǵ֮УԼη壬ȡָӵɫƺͨڳʿ־µĶ
Ȼ֪Ϊϵİ׷һȺɱֵ죬Ϊɱ죬µɱֶӵɱĴȨ˴õĵӣȫɽ𺣣дǡ
ʱ˺ֿܿһºȹͷߵŮӣĬĬظܹ֮ŮӣΪ˴Լ̬ӯΪ˸ֳŮӡ
˿Ů֮󣬶־µĸȫʧˣȡ֮һƬ֮⡣
ȫ·𿴵ֲһ㣬׷ټͻȻͱһƬ
󡭡С㣡
ãһʿվ˳ѵؽһΪ
СǰѲӣع飬˹صʯϣ·һ㣬һ
ƺŮӣ֮УҲζ
˳ΪС㡱Ůȴ˿Ϊ⣬·䣬˵η壬ȫԼ޹ĿԽˣϵƴУ˿̣Ѿ𽥻ָԭ״Ĺ⻪˥䣬ֻʣ˸Ȼɢŵ
ʲôˣ
ŮͻȻʵ
ƽ֮û˿Ĳ·һ䲢һ㡣
Ҳûκϣ·һ˵ȣжֻޡ
˽ҹԭҶգֻͨɱֺ֣αعǣ䲻ȵ˵
ɱ֣ȥɱʲôҪô˭ɱˣŮ૵˵ѯԴ
ƺҲ֪ȻܣҲġ
ԹǮƣ֣Ը֮٣ɱ֮˵ǵɱʧҲֻһʱ֮ܣȵȶ䣬ٰĿͿǲɱˡôûɱĿ꣬ȻѾҲҪɡ
˵ѲںŮˣ䵽ǰڶʿ֮Уɨƺѡʲô
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ڡһʿվ˳
ͽ㣬Щӣغڴˣȵ°ҡ
ǣѡʿû˿ԥִ
˶ɢ˰ɣûҵ˭ҲҪ̤Ժ˻֣ǰ鿴ˡ
û˿飬ԹΪ񣬱ĬĬˣ֮һլԺֻʣͺŮˡ
ֵȣֶΡǳ綼ӭʧܵġŮӳĬһͻȻٴοڵڴδйʧ֣ΣЩֻѻĹѣչһ죬֮̿Ǽ̳УõҲ£ʱ³
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Ǭ̤˵ʦδݣɱȷҰŲ£㵱ף¶ҲͬҵĴ㲻Ӧóã㸸׺үүѪϵǿʢ֮ڣϵڴˣҲðоֹ岮ֵܶ㲻һ֧ȱĸΪ̳ˣѾԱڼҵλˣһֱڻڵ֮£ֻиѩϼ˪
Ƽҵңֻ̳ܿˣӦϵΣ⸱ѵĻúýѵİţҪٹˣȥֻʹ߿죬Ƽߵġ
ĵȰ˵


378 ɾͽ𵤣ϣ
ΣǵãҵãҲûںԼݣҿǺҸĸ֮һأҪùԹԾͷǵİţֻԷٶѡ
ʱ䲢һĥޣջΪǵĻȪˮһ죬ӵʵ֮ҾͰ𣬳ײ
Ůص
ߣߣڣЩҺθɣԴӶʮǰڸոնµĿøĸ˻ʬҪﱹ֮ƱѾˣǰֻһԩ꣬ǻѩ޵ģǲȨƣŪĿܵģ
סڣ
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ΪƱĺŮӣ۾¶ʹϧ֮飬·ֺɸֵʹ
ƼңƼҡŮƱȴ΢һ£֮µӰУһ˿ŵЦ
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Ļȳְɱˣһ죬һᱨģ
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ʿĴ֮ޱӴѾʼ֮Σʵʱ޿̶ȼգգ鵤ճʵʵճɽ𵤣ǽᵤʿĽ֮𵤳ɺٽһǳɾԪ̥ˣʱҪķһйԪӤ
ڣԪ̥һвС룬ԽΪĿɣЩӣտޣѾӵлɽ𵤵ʱˡ
֮УһܽԼ֪Ľ֮һʶӣԪ𽥷չ׳ʵ֮е
Ԫ͹ĵ֮УԽԽҲ¶һ˿֮ӴļʱееĹ»Ұӽֻ»ûΪͻᱻҵȫɣ·֮µıѩֱӻ
ͻȻʶ𽥸Ӧɫһ˿仯ԭһ𣬱ýˣԭʵ޻ĵΣӳ֮£Ҳʼ¶һ˿Ƶɫ
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Ԫ棬׼㣬ҵĸѴﵽ𵤵ʱɣʱ
΢΢һЦܲ͸ңҲ·ͻȻ֮䣬ù⻪ϣ׵ų⣬·˶ϵ̫
ЩӵḶ́䣬ͨĽᵤﵽ壬޳ɽˡ


379 ɾͽ𵤣£
ܿ죬վΪӦǧи֣ת硣
ܺã֮һġ޳ɽ֮ȻûоͻƵĸת䣬תԪ磬ܹԦķҲӻˡ
ǰܵʶޣתٶﵽ˼ޣᵤ֮޴ﵽٶЩЩֻͨϰת֮䣬Щɬ͡
ֻдﵽԺǧϣת磬ǿͨӵá
˺ҵʵҲӣӦõɱ֣Ҳɡ
Լڵı仯⡣
ʵ˵ЩϿ̿ͻƣγֲ£ڽпܵв֮»󳤽ǾЩɾҩζˣʱɱУɱĶӣҲҪС͵
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ɱһᵤʿͻɱһԪ̥ʿ̥龳Щ۸ǽȻͬġ
ʦܣʦܡ
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̫ˣϲ㣬ʦܡЩʧ˵
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ĸ˼һǰɷ˵ס˫֣ϵ˵
ңһ;ߵöԶվҲʦܣʱҿʼע˵ġ
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මرץס˫֣˵һԵЩң֮˱ϾͬףҲûŤŤֻЩʧ䡣
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һŮӲͬȻû׿ˣȴҲ磬˰Ԫ϶еģɸ߽ף˲ĸ磬ԪҲ̫߳࣬ͬһ
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οϲǲΰ֮˼Ҳ뵽һ⡣
⣬Լ֮˵ʵʵֻ࣬٣¥ˣĺ֣а׶ƽЩһֱ׷ԼԼΪʦֵŵӣЯǡ
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ĴԪ¯ԶԶɵ쵱񣬻ʲôı˸ǵķҲ˵Ҿ㲻ܸıǣ鵤ҩ޴Ĵ۶ѻǿагˣҲѳɹ
뵽ˣһЩɵľ顣
ѲǵûмʶūˣȻ֪һЩ˲ţǲϧ۵ģһЩĿɿȫŵùĽɫֵô࣬¸ȳ˸ĴҲֵá
к֮ȻҺųơĴ󡯣ǰҸյõҲûʱ;ȥΪޣЧҲ󣬲ڣ޵𵤾磬ôﵽһʱƿäĿͻأȴ
Ҳǳ֪Լ֮ʵʱû壬֮󣬱ĹؼһԼħ֣൱龳ǿ󹥻Ҳ󣬷ָ֣߳ʵڡ
ңʿ棬ûһֱͻͽͣЪģͣĳһ꣬ôЩʱҲܹƿĵףתΪĺʶֻ߲գ黭ּգڲ֮䣬ܴͨһ
ʧ֮䣬ѡֹһ


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˵ļʶҲǹ㷺֮㵹󣬾Ȼܿϳ׵ϾһԪĳҩ׷嶣ʶĻỹǷǳġ
λǰôҲˣãڳ¯Ƿ񻹿ɿһãΣƺǳɹˣ
˵Ҳ¶Цݣк
¯Ȼе¯׵˺ɵٴγһַܿӦ˵ӦָԶŵĵ¯ԶʱɵʢȺƵĵҲǶ緱ǣʤȥЩѾţҲΪͨ취ˡ
ЩصģΪ취Ҳ˵൱ֻòк
ĵ¯ܹ׵ƷͰһ¯ҩķ˲ٷɣ֮ΪףԺ黹Ϊ׵˸Ѿ֣Ȼõ¯ɵƾƳ鵤ģɼĵرĵرƵķȻͬ
ȻҲף춦ĺ㱻ڸˣ˵ķƣΪϤԪ֮
ټϣ㣬һʱҲû֮ǣеĵıǮ


381 鵤£
뵽˴λǰصģšӴȡһУһץ¯鵤һطڽ֮УʣöǷɵ׵˺ɵǰһöɵԼǰڿգɢŨ顣
λǰ糢˵ˮ׼Σ˵ţȡе鵤һſڣʳ˽ȥ
ҲãǾͲˡ׵˺ɵһЦҲûУЦ֮
֮ʿԷ鵤Ҳеķ֮£ο鵤ȷΪͣãѴﵽܴﵽļޣҲȻܾ
ţԪʵ棬ȷƷ׵ɣֵҩڸУҲһǧϣķһء
׵΢˫ĿƺƷζ븹ҩζ˺һ۾µ˵
¯ǴӺδƺĺ֮ܲĻú޸һȵ龳֮ʱҲܹΪϵˣʱ㿪ٸŻҲӵ޾ĵҩԴԶȴй鵤Ҫöࡣ
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Ҳֻ֪쾳粻õʿͬʿһ㣬֮Ͻ꣬ӵ¯ΪһȻΪأȴҲȫΪģһЩҩʿɾ͡
УΪܳһ˶ʵ߳ĵ뢣£Բϳˣгˣ³ˣ棬Բͬеޣ㲻ǿͻƣһЩ֮Ҳзǳĳɾ͡
һҲϾ˳ΪֵԸһԼе֮УһЩʵǿĸָʤ֣ͺһ˵׳ʿո߳ڴо޴ƣҲȲڴ˵֮нʮ
츳ӣʼո̫ǳܹ鵤ȴ¯ĹЧҲΪˣɵ˱֪䲻ָܹܣֽһر
Ҳû˾ͶԴ¯࿴ϾԶŷʵ̫ˣһûа취һԶŵָɣĵʱ䣬ǮƣһеѪԶԶԽոµͺǶĲʧܣ׵Ѫ޹顣
Ȼˣֻ۱㽫Զŵ޸·Ӧеܣһ۵ƽʿҲпǿ֣֮ƾôǼջģʿѰôűΪܹˣһҹ
ǰ¯Һʦһ̽ʱõģ˵ֵ޸ɵ˵Ļʵ
һֵֵ޸޸֮󣬴ǷԶҪЩҪŪ⣬Ҳ˵ʿ񵭣ûϽ֮ģֻųƴΪѾӵ춦ֻ޸˱ס
Ҳзݣ׵˺ɵԣһ£뵽˵ĹϵֲɵûһЦˣҲϣָһ·ɣȲؼż˱ֻҪһ㣬ƵҩɣַرƷʲͣˣкܴµģ֮Ҫ޸ӼˣֻҪ㹻Ǯƣʿд޲дл꣬׳¯飬֮ʱʱù֮󣬱ؽﵽ龳
Ϊͼ֮ˮĥǧһ˿ֻ꣬˳Ȼô¯ɣ¯ɵ¯ȻҩǷ㣬ʿͲȴһ޴飬Ҵ˺޲длֹ꣬ɵĲϣҲۣĳɱ»Ҫһ
ڵĹŽ֮Ʒĺû֣֮ͨӸ£ЩǼʼǵˣֵֵãҪԼжϣҲֻǸѡ
һúúÿˡɫص
νߣһ֮ң޸Ҳһʱ̿ɵģҪʮ꣬ǧ꣬Ժ̸
׵˵һ£˵ˣεΪ˸һҪ顣
Ŷλǰ£ЩֵʵΪֻΪѰ¶ҪѰԼϵ֮¡
ٹգµļʹ߾Ҫˣ๫ںɽˣλҲѵλҪȷ֮п׵˵
ԭ󱦿⣬λںɽ֮Уɾ޴ͨػͨΪ̣ԲǰһʱҲԹƣƽ·ݣ֮󣬹֮˶ǲҪĵģ֮գ뼯ܹܣϵȼ֮ˣܴ򿪣׵˺ɵ˱ǰ֪ͨġ
ʱԪ̨Ѿæµ֮󣬿ʹҲѾλˣҪԼڿһճɱϣȻȵˣȻĿ
һ֮УæµҲ⼸ˣֻҪ⼸죬һҶѾϤԺɶˡҲףʹ壬˵ͷ¯λһͬȥ
ҲˣλĶľϣλФϣϴ㵽Ǳ޵Ķ֮УڱչصĽҪͷ覷üʱƳϣ࣬׶ͺƽһȺˣ½˺ɽĹȿڣ˳֣Ƴϵӭ˵
ߣɷǵʿһΪǰˡ
λǰæִ񣬼λϡ
ҵ֮ʿСڣ˶񡣡
λϵǺЦǺǵ˵
ȻҲ֪ݵԵʣƳүүоɣϵܣҲܣ俴أЩָӹϵȻܺԡ
λǰүүүүʱѾˣΪ˾ĿӭʹߣǻǾ쿪ʼɡ
վһԣЦѵ
ҲãЩɡ
˶ʿΪ֮ҲжλϸԷɵɽһߣΪǣȻУĬ˷ܿн䣬޴ӰϢڿյֳȻзɳһһӰǧʶ·𺮷һ㣬ɨ
֪ػڱʶݣɢȥƾЩʶɨλҲͬˡ
ܿ죬ϱҲͬɢ⣬Ȼ뵽ӰĽ֮УеӰȥһĹŴſһֱȿڡ


382 ִӣϣ
Ѿ򿪣ǽȥɡƵ˶˵
Ǳ˽ȥ
Ĺ̲ûʲôⷢ˺ܿͰѽ´壬ܹһǧٶʮ
ŹأֻҪϽһǧʮ壬Ȼ彻ɸ˰ӦţʣУΪ֮ȡ
ɱԤ֮еĶʮöˣʮĽࡣ
ȻЩϵĻΪ󿪲ԭ󣬲̾ͽȥҪּᴿֹ򣬲ͨ񣬹ʿʹạ̃һЩĵģЩǺ롣
֮⣬Ԫ̨ϣû˽鷢ȴ˽СͿÿܹ²ǧöһ궼ûֹͣãܹҲö롣
پֵ¿֮࣬࿪ɵܹҲаʮöʹ͹ˣ£ʿ֮á
ϼʹ඼ǰֵı׼ٺ»ÿܵһǧҪȥʮ򣬶ÿʹֵ£ϰۣܼƾһǧˣʽһǧ˰ٶʮˣÿٺǧ򲻵ȣ൱ǰööԱе֮ãɹҲʮöĻ
⻹ֻǹϵģԼ߸ڶ䣬ҲҪٺ»ʹǮƣЩʹģҲҪȥʮ֮ࡣ
˵Ҳ֪׹ô˺³ʿٺҲ˾ˣΪӵǧ񣬱ǸˣȥʮҲҪһա
æµдԹһĸֿҲɵðľ
ʮʱ䣬׷˿ѾǴ뱲ӣʿУҲ൱ڷ˵ѣҪԼ˽һӣȻʵ
ʦܣ˿ɲôģֻĳȥǮȴûпϽҲн֮࣬Ӵ󿪲ȣͬʱѸٳЩ鵤Լĵرʮ֮࣬ˣʮ㹻ǳΪ޸ġĻɱǰЦȻѵ
ңϵĿ֧ҲֻǸͽϵ񣬻ְһЩ跢ţĳЩɼŵӣܹȡٺ»ǷţʡĿ֧ɲС
Ŷ˵ҵǲ˽⡣Ļ΢һ£漴Ҳƺȷˡ
ʵŵݣҲܹȡٺ»ģֻӵɼʼ㣬ֻһ꣬ҲûзϣҪٺһʱ֮侹ˡ
Ҳ༫Ϊ㣬ҪݿͰ͵ٺ»ƶʿָЩˡ
Щٺ»Ǽϵģ㲻죬ҲᱻûʲôʱȥˡԳЦЦ
֮˰Ŀ壬·ձ⣬˳ȥˣٹ⼸죬ɳļʹ߱㽫Ѳθأȡ츣صĸ˰ڴ֮ǰ彫Щȡ׼ãҲɷ¡
±ϣ˸Էأֻʹ٣ɽһУżʹż£Ҫǰ˵Ѳ飬Ҳֻǵʱѣܿӭһ֮ڡ
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Щִʹߣǲġ
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ŵŵӣŵӣ洫ӶӦģ֮ڵѲʹʹʹУѲʹĴ۷磬Ѳӣ쿴ʵȨһŸֶɵΣʹм춽֮Ȩһ̶ӰССɣĳɵħ˽ʹ֣ȫֱӾá
ʹߣѾһȨѾͨʿܹεˣǸŵӣõ֮ˣʤΡ
ʹһӵм춽֮Ȩ̷ִ֮Ȩ淢ŵΥŽȫԵִ̡
֮УһһɭϣγɺبǰȻҲ¡ء
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Ȼ֯˽ⲻ࣬Ŀǰ֪Ҳ֪һȻпɽҲˣûУǧҪǴˡ
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׵˺ɵ˻˵ǻɼʹɼʹҲȻҽᵤ֮£δɼ֮Ҳֻ½ʿҲ磬ûбҪʹ
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˿±򵥶ˣŵӺ˼ʹݣǻûȨֱӾңܴչ飬Ҳ᲻֮ͷ
ʦܣҸջصУ˵ִǰô£
ڷѯ÷Գ˼֮ʱͻȻϢһ񣬱㷢֣ڴͥ
ԭҲϢ
⵹ūͶ죬ֻͨԼӦģϾۡôˣ⣬ͻȻ֣Ǳ൱׷ˡ
Ϊʹ絽˹ȥѯ֮ŷ֣Щ˾ȻΪһ¶ġ
ֱ˷䣬Դǵʵǰ֮µģȥ֪ͨүүүүˣϾͻظϻأʱһȥЩʹߣҲÿô참ġ
ʦ㣬صģ֮˽ᡣ÷ڳ˵ֻ޵Ͷȥһĵ񣬵ǻھȥЩʹ߰ɣǶʿȻΪˣ÷ųʶĴ쿴Ҫ֪ѾǲѵģҪ˿ʵ


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ҲãǾȥǰɣԷô˵ΪҲɵõ˵ͷ
÷ںԺԼˣ˵ĲҪ˵ҲҪײ˿ˣϸ÷ڵ顣ع÷ԸҲ֪÷ˣӦ֪ξһū澵ı֡
ģū֪ô÷ǹɵع˵
ʦ㣬ߣǰͥȥ˵
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⼸ʿ԰ƮƮһеĿݷǷŮĸųһгſ֮У洦ɼͨʿ
עⲢǣһ¾䵽վŵĲϣɵһ
Ȼվһߣϸ߸𣬴Ҳһ˿ѪȻǰ֮˵Ķ⡣
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ңЩʹߣʢϰ˸߸ϵԼʦҲûǵǣǰǺʶҲûеĻᣬΪλˣ
ףȻװͿʦ󻹲һ꣬ӱѵħΪɣҪǵСʶıԼԹ԰йɱӣѰƵħϵģȫưȵ
ƣһɺԣǳǸ⻰ҲɵЩ߳ŭˡ
ɱӣҲǰƵħϣȴΪᱻЩʹ֪Щˣûоȡ֤Ҳһҧɱδ֪֮ܣ򣬱ݹ
˵Щϡ棬ɱӵ֣ȴݣʵ׵˺ɵͶ˵֮дڵһЩè壬ֻû뵽黹ˡ
ԭɼ򵥵˷չΪƹɵȻͼģԶɹϵȨԣ꣬мӣϼӴȨеʱϧһЩ棬ҲҪȫ֮ϵʵ
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һԼҧԼɱӣȻ㲻Ϊ˵ȡ֤Ҫʵ£ԼܵĻҪץȥеĴķֶѶ
ǵóѵĻôҲȻ׼ģȣӱһɸƣȥһ׮ͣΣУҲԴܺôݺݵ̰һִصı֣϶ܲٵˮ̣࣬ʱͷţн᰸ˡ
ӴޱȣڵҲţëʧ˲ҪЩʹָɣҲᵽƧ£еģչʾȨƣȡôĻѡ
Ȼܿ⼸˵ӣһ±ıɫ׺ˣȫڵһվؿԼˡ
Ȼ˵һɺԣǴ󵨣ūһ㣬ղǸʲôȥˣҸһ֪֮ȨūţҪã
ʿ˵ţͻȻһ֣һȻȥ
ҵ棬ɱūͣôĵӣЦһһУӿһǵ⣬ȴԭһѩĶСɽΡΡرһ͵ص
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ߣǳֵʿԼɽ񿪣ϧ֮ɫһĨͬʱҲ΢ƺûϵҪɱһССūͣȻҲܵ谭
ǵ飬ȴƺӵˣˣȻһū͵ҲϧԤ֮лҪ׶Ը
λ̫˰ɣҵĸϣ֮񣬾ȻҪΪҲĻϸһ£Ҳûоʹ˷ŭٽһжǳס
֮УѾȻһ˿ɱ֮⣬Ѹ̡
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뵽˴еɱȥһ˲䣬Ѳɱ⣬תΪѵЩˡ
λ֮Ҳ˵ȼðұ㰴ŹдǣȰǵĸۡȥסɣҲþͽ飬̽ࡣһֱ̫ƽǰЩӻħǱ룬ɱҵ飬ҷλСĴڸУҪΪãĸܹܹۡۡһֱлɽػģʲô飬дҲܱһʱȫ
˵ţһ㣬ɨ
ϲΪȻΪֻһʱӲ˵һвĻ¶ϲɫ˺棬Ϊӣϧڣвǣⲻ浽ǸʱҪ׶ˡ
࣬ӽʼûгҲ֪ʲôӣֻߵһŮҲ̫
Щ˵з뷨Щ˽ס¶ʱͻȻ֮䣬һŽɫĻƾո֣ɽʿϡ
ʿһ£񣬱еһ飬ͬ׶һĴʹ˹
ֻһ˲䣬ұۣ㱻ճ˻ҽ
𣡡
˼龰ɵһԭ˿̼ģǺҵ𣬶Ǵ߶߷Ľǽʿı־Ҳʿܹշһ㣬򵥵÷š
ܹ߶ģһǽʿȴ϶ڽᵤϣȫһ񣬶ʱͱˡ


384 ɱһɱ
𰡣ǸոսؾƾСʶı˸ŵӵɼԭΪֻĿɿ˲ܵ࣬ɵִ󣬵ȴû뵽ȻҲǽ𵤸֣
Щʹḻ֮Ȼ֪һЩ˵ļ壬̲صһЩĿɿūţֻǸпɵӵܣףӹˣܹһɳ죬ﵽؾȴվͻгˣﵽϡ
Ȼ֪֪Ϊ˵ĳȴҲԼµڵΪߣִˮķᣬǸĶ󣬵ȴû뵽Ȼǽ𵤸֡
ɾֹһô򵥣֮ǰĲ²ȫǸǵµƽӹ֮ˣǰ;ԶſˣݣλǲƣʵԶԶǵԤƣǿġ
֮ǰ֪ʵҲ˵ҪóſһףСشӱɱһ
ȻôƺЩƽŬҲֻһֶѣ˶֪ǱþҲûʲôֵرĺ̨˱Ҳˡ
ô죿ô죿Ȼǽ𵤸֣ЩʹܹԸİ
磬ǵ᲻ɱ֮Ȼвˣ
֮¶ɱ飬һѻȥֱͬ۵ǿӲٶЩʹȫһ£漴
УǾɺ㵣ƺ¶һסˡ
ʲôţûõĶ˵ļʹһͨʿǽ𵤸֣ΣǼһûʹͷطʹӵѰʵֻǸɽ𵤰ˣþӵ൱ı·ʲô˵
ԭưƺ۸ڶʿҲɵƤһԴ˴⣬ǿƣҲûбˣдǳ
Щҵͬţȫסɵ΢΢һ
ʱʿǰһȵʲô˼˼ʹ٣㾹Ȼҳˣ
˵ֻλŶ԰ɣҵķϣĿˣûе֮ǰȻ͸µˣ֮󣬸ҪɱˣҲֻǳֹˡ
ЦЦʿ
УҲذ˼ʹݹߣѹң֪ƴ󣬲ǿ׵Ķ󣬵Ҳ֮ͬˣɼгΣҲ˸ʹݣеʹְôǻ򲻴㹹ǣǵ׸ķ򣿡
ʱҲԼµԷ֮޹ҧ֮ԼйأΪ֪ʲô飬ǴҪ˻թһ
⡭
ԭڣ¶ʵҲõʿȻҲӵмʹ֮󣬲ɵҲͬһ㣬ԭء
飬û뵽
׵˺ɵ߹һ㣬˼ʹݣ֮Уͺ׵Ĺٱһ㣬ӵʿȻͬȨơ
ǣͷˣųһУ֦ͬʵϣɹ٣ְλΪģԶɹͼϵȨԣԴ˳ԺһֱеӵȨƣͨӵնȨܹУζСְ֮ö֮ħӣ˭ʹߵݣһӦҪһͷװռ˹ٲһ㣬доη֮⣬֮෴ʹͨʿһָ߸ϵԽ֮У¶ԷǱǾߵʿûǵݺȨƣҲȻ塣
ô˵ֻһͨʿûݱЩϣܵȫҵڣһ֮Уڸ߲㿴ǼΪӵģϸ浽űҲƫԼӣ֮棬ͷֻеͨʿʱŲż˸Ӧδô¡
ֻ֮ӣάǲʤö١
ȻҲΪűռλԵʣˣű˳ظ񣬴ŵӣѴ쵽ķ档
㡭ҲǼʹ
ΪˣʿԶҪ׼ʹڣЩʧʵ
ðʹǴԼɣҵƣǺúÿɡ˵ţѴǬзһͨ徧Өƣʿ
ʿоâһӹƣ㿴֣С족ĸ׭֣ɢ취ϢԼϤʹɡ
ǼʹҲûиŵͨʿʧˡʿһȴɫظЦԭҲˣǴˮһ˲ʶһˣʦֵܼʧˣڴǣӼ¡
Ŷɫת֮죬ɵΪһۡ
պ壬ǴŽɹӣ⼸˶ҵʦʦãǼӣŶԣӦ˵ʹ˴¹Ӧȷ𱰲ǡ
˵
¼ʹ⼸ԣȻɫ仹Щ鲻Ըȴûһҷԣʵʵع
ǡüЩ
⼸ʦʦãʵֻͼļʹǺһĸߵʹߡЦһԴεؽ͵
ԭ˼ʹ׵ʽĹأʮԲ֮ڣҪѲʹ֮нѡΣϰݣֻǣĳһ֮ʱʱִ֮Ȩºջء
ļʹһ˿ȻҲʹ죬ڲȴǺֻеһʹͨˣ뵽߲֮󣬲ŻᱻʽݣΪµʹߡ
һԣ͵ʹ߶ӦıһݣӵеȨҲޣִһЩֻߣʲôۻһʹߵ
ߵʹߣ纮һ㣬رܳĵˣĵӣڼʹ֮Уǲͷ߳һǸڼңһ㣬ְ֮ʵȨӵʮȵµʹΪ
⺮֮ͻȻ˿ΪϷ֣ȻĸʹߣҪ˹ְҲкЩͬȵȨй֮
Ҫ֪ʹȻȨ죬ݣҲϾҪķִ಻˵ʱҪ׼ʿȨƺΣնǳȵģ֮ȴǱҪɶˣʱͬնħ֮£û£ҲԶԼ֮УչǱޣ£νңڡ
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һѾȵѹһͷΡ
ߣһʲôλɹ٣ȴԭֻȵĵ͵ʹߣȻܵҰʵ֮£Ҳֻжţе򣬲˵ķӦʱѶԷĦò࣬ﻹףԼѾסˡ
һӲ˵
ʹղ֮£ȷʵֻһᣬ벻Ҫ֡
еʱ˾ô֣Ϳڵдǣ巴ῴΪˣӲ̬ȣȴԽÿˣǸ
ڶһ۵ʿۼԼʦֶǫﻹ˵ķݣŶϱվһԣ޹֮
ԭǶ˵ʹߣϸϻˡ
ʱͻȻ˺׵˺ɵ˺תͷԺ⿴ȥȴǺ׵˺ɵˣƣ׶ƽҶͬңﷲһȺʹˡ
ЩȻҲмʹ֮ȴֻڿϲãµȼʹҲʱһȺͬʱ֣Ҳ֣ټԺһ±վʿ
⡭ôôˣ忴Щʿ֣Ƥ˼£۵׵ȴŨء
û˹Ҳˣӵ˹̨ϱӵԼ࿹˫ͻ˵˭ҪԿ
ǰǰҲˣ˼λͣкأֻǣ⼸λͣƺôȻܵˣҲǷϵˣø⣬ôǣûẮĸģǵ棬Ժ׵˺ɵ˵
˭֮еķ߿֮⡣
Ҳʲôǳ֮Щ΢ĳǸеģЩһǲ˿ҪԲҲһĽѵ˵ˣʹ֮Ҳɻˡ
Ǻǣô£ǵ˵鰸ģǳģ׵˺ɵǺεȵ˾ķʲôûСܹʲô£ҲµóٿЩУһϱߣҲǺѪվһԣƺܹӣʱȫˡ
Ȼ˲ʶ̧٣ǱȫѺɣ͹ԭĸ֮ۡУҲȡ֤հѴ˰塣ذǳΪͬ͡׵ȴҲΣֱӱ㽨Щ
Ȼ˲ʵĵ̣һݣúóһٵˣǶϵ˼
Ȼʹ߷ͬСɣǴɱõģҲڴˣûǲЩҲֻΪһ¶ǣ֮ء
Ϻ˵ûԸֲʵСһɱһɱ̸Ҳãɵ˿ɫ԰׵ĺһ̵ۣ˵Ż֪϶ʱҲһһ׮ŵӱɱİ飬ʱʹҲֲ֪صëͷСӣ϶ֱӰսԳεģѧңڣڵʱͬˣй涨Դʹߣ˶ΣóԺסкá
λǰҲд⣬ȴ뵽һȥˣǺãλԣȰ͵ۡȥɣƣ׶ƽǼǼԣƴЦ
ȴûϵλǰȻҲԼ뵽һȥˣ⻹Ӣͬ
㡭Ǻôĵӣ˵ˣղֻһᣬǻ̫ˣɫ԰׵˵
λ˵ĶԻûбܻǣȫȶҪˡ
ҪǱ˶Դȥǻô㣿
ʦ֡Ҳ
ôҪûõģǵĵ̣ĴҲѲǵˣȰǻǹԹΪãĻɲҪǲ׵˺ɵ˼Щ˵ķӦɵһЦв
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λɡ׶ͺƽǰԺ˵
ȻԷ˼ʹͷǵҲԷ
嵹Ҳɴ࣬û˵ʲôȥ
үүүүղһҧ֮йأǲҪթһʱҲƷһζ֪ǸղΪ˱ˣɵЩǡ
ʦ㣬дһ˵ʵ
ҲǵǶթɣ棬᲻߳ŭʲô֮˵ԷϳصʿҲˣȴһȺʿµľʢʲһ
Ͳصˣҿղͷ֮ˣЩǸǸѪ嶯ӡ׵˺ɵ˿뿪ıӰЦ˵
ʦ㣬λǰ˵öԣͱˣðɡ˿˵£ұ뿪ġ
׵˺ɵɵðԵͷ
Ҳ֪ڴѣЩ˾ʱҪ쵶ն飬ǸϳΪΪ˵ˣҲϧ
һȺʦʦãɫĸۡСʱۡڷޣľĴɢĲϣǽ֮ǰڴˣʾ˼ҲԱ
С̫ˣ
һ۵ʿɫҰף˿ڴͻȻһԪ㼯ܿӿڶϿڴۿɼѿܿƽ
ֱʱɿ˽˿ڵһֻ֡
Ҳû£³ʦ֣ѵǱɣԴŲֲʣ˿ԼĶϱֿۣ˿壬ֹ
ҪˣʦҲءԱһ˵Ǵܣȴ˵˳Ȼͳ֮ϸţΪʿλ˽嵱üͷһ
ҺԴûйʱ򣡲ͷƴҲԿģҲ棬᰸ȥ˽¡
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ԣĬһ£вЩʧҲ֪Լʦ˵һȻѾ̣Ǳ㲻ٺǸ֮ˣҲûбҪͷ
ȴǼȥС
վҲǸ˼ʹԺҲٴĻᣬʱǵ
ͻȻƺ뵽ʲô۾΢΢һЦ˵
һȺִͻȻȥҲͻȻԤ֮еİ£ûȥһ룬͸뿪ˡ
ʦܣ׶ƽЩ춢ǣʲôûУƼѯ
ӣЩӣǵһʮʱǣûзκ쳣Ƕʵڸи߶ѯūˣˣջȥָһˣƺҪ׷ӱɱֳܿͻˣջӡ
֮⣬ÿձڱչǱޣԪ
׶
𣿿Ҳףǵ鲻κνģȥΪáΪ
ӣǸȷǰǰ˵һЩǸȻ̵һ׶ԴǵصﲻҷΪ棬᲻ڰиʲôıƣ
ıƣҲɣҼȻضǵһ壿ֻССʹߣҲʲôž޵öвȲҪ
һ룬˵
óۣҲݵģϾеһصһ㣬֮ӣܳһЩﵽг˵ĵزԼͻгˣ̤龳ļ󣬶㱾ʵãҲǿᷨԷ龳ʵġ
Լһ֮ӣǽ˽𵤾磬ͺƣħ£ӵ󷨱̱ܷ֮龳ʵǿﵽصͬһĵز
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ļʹߣҲ
һǰԼҲӲضһҲòžˡ
Ȼؿȥɣߵ²ǲˡ
漴ٷԸ
ס׶ͺƽ˵
˼ˣоһأһ⡣
ڣԽԽԼӪһСˣȻг˸ֵɽɽг˿䶼ûУֵ¸ǴСèֻһŵӣʿҲһ˫ֱùȴҲչ¶Ӧеá
һΣԼֻǹ¼ҹˣܹܣ϶ûô״򷢺ˣ㱳СɽҲⲻ˱˶թһʹʧǮƣƽ׵
¼ҹ˵ʿΪʵﵽ󼰵ĵز򣬻ԶԶľ뢡
Ը˴ɱҲɴ֣ʱ취ǵʵˡ
һʱ֮ϵʹڵȴһûм洫ӣ洫֮ǰĸӹˣһֱŴȡ񣬹ĿΣҲǵ¸صˡ
λ϶ʶӵḶ́Ҳ˳ޱȣܿɶľϻ뿪˵أѺ壬һ䡣
п¯ʼΪԼʱԽоԼѡ׵Ϊһ˲ŵΪ׵ԪҪ˵һʿͨʿʿҲҪ۲֣ϣ˵ҩԪ˳عΪ
ܹõ׵ոʿܴܿﵽ۷״̬о絹֮ǡ
÷ϱ࣬׶ƽƵˣո粻ãַÿ˸öãúԳƹЧѡ
õǵĿ϶֮ĴԪ¯гĵҩӷģٲϧԪģʮö׵ֵʮ
֮գ˰ȻϴľԼֲּнǿʵҶͬңﷲһˣӽʮˡ
λҽٻǰΪ֪ͨһ顣
Դɻ飬ɰһЦԴԵõصҽϰżãͷһܹɵĵ¯Ǳ㶯һ׵ڣ׵Ѿɣƽҵҵشÿ˷öȽ
ʲô׵
ÿ˷ö
Ļвûϵһ㻶ȸԾȴӭһţ֮ǰаԴģ֪ΪµĹͬˣȫסˡ
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ӣ㡭˵ÿģͬȻعϾδŰɵʵ
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Ҫ֪֪£׶ͺƽ֮£ǰ̽磬ֵļҲֻö׵ɴ±ֵ֪ҩˡ
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Ȼɣһס˹ͬˣֻԼ˵ϴ˼ʺƣȴ֪Ǻƾж٣Щ顣
ǣǱȴ֮ˡͬ룬ȭ˵лʹ͡
лʹͣ˵ȣҲǴ
ֵǧĵҩհײգ
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Ƿͬ˺ôֻǣľٶЩ⡣
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Ŷ˵Ҫ鵤ģ˵֮Уʿͼ޷ǾǽҲͶˣܹЩԶǰ;ûֿܹջģǰ֮ˣҲҪóϷ
Ҳǳ˿ǣŲֱ֣鵤͸ǵģңҲǺʹͣܵƫģֳܷԶ뵱ʿ֪֮ͬģҪĽ˰ɡ΢΢һЦ˵
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ܹ¼ǵϽ֮ģҲһƽױ˹ͬˡ
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֮࣬ûǣиصԼѾͨɱ֣ɱ߾Ļʱأпɥ
˵˼£ʿҲΪԼúЩûɱֶԿ
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ʱûеõôûϵֻΪԼΪã벻ܹܷ۰ˣֻҪŬİ£ȻҲбصʱ
þʲôʱҲ׶ͺƽСһ㣬ײˣֱʹ֮һܲˡ
Լ츳ޣŻ䵽󵱼๤ܹﵽ磬Ѿˡ
һʱ֮䣬ˣжǻȡ


386 򱦴ᣨϣ
ڿ˵ķӦҲ׼ϰö׵֪䣬¹ȥˡ
֮䣬ʮö춦зϾԪκķǮƣҲⷽǷ
ˣ֮ǧļޣΪķʽƴȫಫҲƴʮΣԲһ𵤵ӿȡ
⵱ȻҪ鹦춦
ֵһǣЩ𵤣ʱʱڷǱޣûе洳춦еĴҲڱ޸ٵˡЩ󻷻ۣ˸ΪܵԼⶦڿռڹȥĵزԪᴿٶȣӿˡ
ּӿٶȣֹǹȥٵʱ屶屶ϣʮʮ֮࣬Ҳɵ춦ԽǿԼָܵĸо
ʱҲͻȻ֣ڿռıӰƺһĹâڵ
飬ʲô
۶춦˽⣬˭ȻǶɣʶԴ͸Ҳѯʡ
춦Σˣ鷢ִϲмӡ
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ϣ¶Ĳ⡣
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ˣ㲻£ҵˣɶһ֮ͰҰ춦еĴ޸һٵݻΪԪֻش󣬶ңѪ֮ȫڣʼɵڶˡȻ˵
ҲˣʵǶһɣΪе顣
ʵϣȽ֮һֱҪͶ̥תֻΪˣ춦Ҳǵһ
춦ʧȥ֮󣬲û̫仯ΪȻľڴˣϤķŽвٿأ⣬бʹ֮Ȩ
ô˵춦ѾҵıˣӵеԪ˳棬ҲȻˣǴһ˿ٶȼǿ춦ϵɳ뱦϶ΪһΪȫµ飿ʵ
ʲô𣿡ΪԥʵҲ֪־
ǰɱ֮һ˿Ծʹ𣬲鵮֮Զɷ̺ſƷհ壬ԽᣬΪӴ֮ڶڣ׽һ𡣡
Լıܼ䣬ĵؽ͵
ߣһ㷨ͬɳ֮һ˿Խͨ飬ΣΪ飬پٿ飬һĴˡ
ô˵ףһ־ͱһֺãһ㷨׵ãҰ춦Ϊ񲻸ڲٿش˱ܹ޸ΪұĽҲˡ궡Ļɵ˵
УҲȷвʿһҪķΪ֮ͬǷֱһ־Ϊ飬淨мԦ
ôȻɥʧȴϸӽܣྫı仯󷨱Ʒ׽ܹмȡ飬ҲͻƸƣﵽһȫ¾硣پǣ˱ľҲܰѷʹͻԭеľ硣
λһ״̬ʹʿͷӵ˫ĽᣬҲٿ֮䣬⣬ҲûκθңôԶ׼ġһʿֻ꣬ܳһΪӺõģ޷¸˴壬˼ꡣңʿλһ壬شҲܵشҲǳɱ
ôһѡΪԼıǼΪҪ֮ˣһرЯԼȻǳ⣬εȷ˺ȣҪԪ䣬ؽǺĪ
춦ʸΪҲԶ׼رΪֵı´ˣڣҪһ⣬ǱǣԼܷлȫ޸ӦеĹЧ
춦ܹ֮֮޸ٵȫԶŵкҲֻЩкΪṩ㹻ĵƣ¹ͨ󣬶˺ħµĵ꣬ԣٵ󡣡
ԺҲܹӵ֮Ļᣬ޸ٶҲһƷ׸ϣҵΪǸô죿
Щǡ
ʵһ˵ԴӰΪڶ֮󣬾Ѿжţ˺Ƿĵ伮˽⵽һЩѶϢ
һΪ֮ǼΪԵģͿʿȡᡣ
ںߣǾûʲôֵǵģԾһ㣬޸ǡ
ǰɱɣ
ʱ춦УͻȻ˵
ʱҽʹڳԪˣֻʣһƲлҲõܹʱʱѡ
ڵ춦Ĺϵ˽⣬ȻҲ֪춦ʲôķ
ӣΪȰңͻȻһڣЩ졣֪ȻӼľԼУȴһֱ֪ؽڣҲ̽Լ˽ǹԼͶ̸һ˵ˡ
Ϊ춦ֵôȥ˵
ⶦмľҲһЩӣ˵ʵԶʱڣͳͥҲʶٵȴûмķȻΪԭʼԪȻұ㲻Ҫֻͨǰ;ԤϣͶѪȥ޸кܴɹġ
Ż֪Զʱڣرһ㶼޸ͽ׵ıܣǸԵ񣬶ͬһ㣬ճɲģ֮԰޸ɹʵΪ֮ѷѾǰˡ춦ͬƺѾԪӵޱˣֻҪʱʱṩԶŵĲкֻǵƷϼѵķ޸⣬Ҫġ
ǽһȰԭ򣬶Լ޸춦ķ˵ԴҲǱмġ
ƺҲеĻ
ã鲢һʱȻĶҲûбӰȲС
ֹ˼죬ż÷ͻȻǰ˵ɶˡ
ЩӣɶסڷƷϣһֱûж·ʹ˳һ㣬ͻȻţ㲻ɵЩ档
ϣɶһţ֪һϢ
ӣ̻˷Ѷ˵һº󣬽ڷ綴򱦴ᣬûȤȥһˣε򱦴ᣬŵӣŵӣ洫Ҳڽ֮У޶챦ȤĻֱӸңųС
̻᣿٤̻᣿ǰ̵٤̻ᣬȻϢɽˡԣʵоЩ΢𾪣ϾЩӣסڷϣɶҲ˵Ǳڶӣȴ죬ɴҲԿ˵һЩ¡
һֱħļз֮棬Ҳض֮޿ײϢݣҲó֮𾪹󣬺ܿ㲻ٹעⶼеɶ˵ġ򱦴ᡱϡ
֣Щ֮е᣿
򱦴ᣬǲǲɰǣͷħӺɢۣ໥ף¶Ȥ׷ʵ綴ʲôط˵ӣƺĶ첻Զ
򱦴ȷһ㣬ʥǣͷ֯ĽʢᣬѾٰнǧ꣬˵ѾˣڷҲ£ɽɢһɢģҲñܿЩɱɱ֡
ڷ綴죬һͬĶһľ޴ǳʹĶ첻ͬѷ֮ӶţҲΪλأôħӪƵԵɡ
һֱױͨޣʿҪģǰħֶµӹϣ뵽ԷӪУԱ𽥼еһප֮УʥͿ̻Ϊǣͷ𽥷չÿʮһε򱦴ᡣ
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ʵǱ¼Ҳ¹ӡΪ߼صģǸָ챦Ӿʯ񣬵ҩٵϢ鱨ţԼˣϣĿС
˵һŵӵ޴ƸҪõһЩѰַԵֵĶõİ취Īȥ緢ⱾİͽˣǼȻôᣬǱֳõϵ
Ϊʱ࣬һֱûԼҪȴˣȴû뵽һҪ˱ԼߣʱԼμ򱦴ᡣ
ܺãȱһЩѰֶȥѰңʮ깦ҲҵÿǸ򱦴ûҪġ˵ͷɫ˵
ȻһھӦˡ
Ȥμӣ̫ˣʥŮѲķ֮ҲҪϻμӴᣬʱٴۡɶԱЦѵ
ʥŮȥȥμӴᣬûйϵȥԱ˳ɱֵģֵطӣֻҪ٣õɱִҲҲҰɡа
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ʲôʦܣҪȥμǸ򱦴᣿֪£΢Щ죬ܿ죬Ҳ׹ͷӵд־ʱ̣Ҫӻ򣬹һЩĵرҲ㲻ʲô
پǣʶҲ
ʦȤһȥ֮Ѿ죬ҪǳˣȻ뿪̫ҲУһá˵
Ǹɶȥģһ䣬ɫЩŹ֡
ûʲôεģҲǸ漴ᣬ͵ʵ飬Ҳû׼ʱ֪ͨҵģǡ¼ķͽߡ
飬Ҳүү䣬ҲùôһᣬͬԼ˵ȷѾãһЩ̫ġܾãλɶʥŮƺڱıЩʲô
͵͵˵һ
ʵҲûɵĲ²⣬ƾģȫŮ˵ֱǷʲôԡ
ɶסڷƷϣһֱӼҪôֱʧ٣Ҳ֪Щʲô£עѲһˣɶμ򱦴ᣬﻹвͬȥĵ


387 򱦴ᣨ£
ǺðɣǾͽȥȻĻɣЩ޿κΣֻ˵
ϣһʱҲûзҪɵ飬׵˺ɵ֮󣬱ɶһɽ׼ǰμ򱦴ᡣ
򱦴ڷ綴У綴죬һλħ֮ӵĵطҲûдϲˣû͸¶еĿڣװȻ뿪ˡ
ӷƷһ·תշ棬Ȼ֮صǣٴǵŲƷ뿪Ķ죬ʮ֮ڳ֮Ŀĵء
֮ضɳԼʯ鲼ĸڣûͬǳһޱֺ֮䣬ǳ֮Դмȡһ˿
ֵطӦǾ䣬ë֮ءһո쾳½ӱûԪһʳҩ²£㽫ˣԭΡ
ϡ޴棬һɻɪ˿ǸʿƼ֮أȻ˳ŲƷʱȴ̷֣ȺȻħӣɷ£ҡС
ĽֵϣʱʱԿһĳݱڶˮ쳣ķҲڸæµȺ̸ۣɫҴңĴ
طԼĳһһչǰ
綴򱦴ᣬʵѾãֻ粻ãһ¶ûüӴѡ
ʱǰǸʿָͬڴ֮иȻʿҲ˵ʢˡ
򱦴ᣬÿʮٰһΣ׷䣬պþһФֻأ֮ʿУҲպһ꣬鵤ֻּڳֵıóﻻȡ裬ֻһüǮͬҪøֱˣҲն
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Ȼи龳үүȴҲһ㣬ǳԽӴЩ
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ƹ񣬾̣ս𣬻С⣿ҲСĻУֻ¾ûи˰ɡԣɵЦһҪ⣬ֵһ£ϵˣ˲˵Ҿһں«ۣܲܽһٶʮǾģҲ̫ˡ
⡭ӣǽΪѡεЦһ˵ҲֻһʳͣҪǼǮѹ̫ͣû취ɣСѶһһʮΣ
ƹ⻰˵ЩԲԣȻ⻰˵ˣãҲΪһɡӹһĨЦ⡣
ӣһ̫ͣټһɡƼ˵
վ̼ϰƽϰҲѾһʿ⵹ҲЩãתһ룬ȴԽؿ϶ں«Ʒ֮ĻҲûбҪˡ
뵽Ҳһ֣ǺðɣҾټһһʮ򣬲֪ƹΣ
ȻҲܹܵļǮΪԥڻǵ˵ͷǺðɣС˴󷽣ҪǻٽƽϣǵԵСˣһһʮһһʮ򣬳ɽ
ʴ⣬ϲû̫ϲı飬еֻҡͷ̾·˴Ƶġ
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ģ˵ͷġƿЦһ˵¶ۼѣǸղſ˵ãֻǷЩֵʮԶŵڵġ
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ܿ죬Ǭȡ񣬽ӵУȻѺ«Ƽִ󷽣˴һĻҲһ˿Цݣڵѡͷ
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ЩɶΪ˶׼ġ
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Ƶɽһİ룬һ֣תȥ

Ů˵̣ڽйһ󣬲֪㵽ˣڷ綴֮УѷĴǻĮ͸ڣһɳ𣬱ɳϯεΪɲ
ÿдɳʱ򣬱ǻ찵أɳʯȻܶͨȴҲͬ಻㣬̫ڿտߡ
ɶ׼Ͷޣۼ龰ҲȥĴѰˣһ磬ĺ«пɣʿճöȣҲֻһЩƽʿ
ղڵȻϸȴվҵҲͶ춦ҵҪʲôҵֱȻһµĳ嶯
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ҸҪǣԶŵƺ̺ͨɥʧͨȫûеķкɱȵģǰ˵õ˱ܹݳԶŵһЩͨӶá
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ڶħµĵ꣬춦޸Ȳ֮죬̶£ﵽٵĳ̶ȣħطô׵õģҲҪţΪֱУȻݳ޵ôصĴۣҿɳܲ𡣡
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Դ«߸ܵһԴζĴ̱֮ɢɵһԭҪ׻ĶȻͣ
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ֱʱǲŷ֣ں«ȻһֶּΰһͨطذһȱʹԶŵϢ
ѱǣĵкӦԶŵУɢϢʵģֻԶŵĲкһżҪж٣ֵĴҲ뵱ֱӾȡƣ˿۵ġ
˵ףֶǿԴõķкϢ޷ͨѾ޸ļֵΨһЩԶ֮ʱƷ׽ϸߣԶŵܱһЩԭĹã»
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֮ȴָʢˣǺöûҲǼֵ࣬ѰϵĴУָЦɵӡ
Һƭˣں«йŹ֡ûڣʵǡ
ʲôŹ֣ǲǿȷԶŵ𣿶ƹҲǰʾͨȻ̺ͨԶŵǰʱɶƷЩصʦܣٿϸһ㡣
ӣòǺ˰ɣҪ˵ԶŵҲֵϰҲҪǾҵ˻ȥɶȴΪۻȥǮƣһЦǰ
ЦνԶŵȫɲкðģҲ֪Ǵƺ«װһΪԶŵ֮еľƷˡһ̺ͨԶŵֵʮһ֮䣬Ҿ㻨߼£ҲʧЩ΢ѡңԶŵļֵߵѱ棬ֵ࣬ÿУȻʲô֮ˣҲ˵ġоԼˣкڣʲô


392 ջ£
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ŮһȻһ㣬˵һ㣬ƭˡ
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ʱǰ䣬¶Сĺɫ«ֻ«ɫǳ·һȼյһ
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֮ǰ˸ӦĵϢȫһ˿ģȻԶʱδȱ֮ǰҲһ˵رֻǣԿԷ֣«ĵײ֪Ȼһ󶴣һ˿ĻӺ«ӿҲԪƶкϢ֮䣬Ըеʧ˲١
αװ֮󣬾ȻԪ޷סʱضʧȥķҲȫĴױһ
ô࿴龰ɵóһ˵Ѿɫ壬ֲɵͣ૵صûе
飬ͺǷͻȻɽسϡ
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˵ⷽ綴֮УΧĽ׻ޱȣԴγãԼٴ棬޿ɱģǰһƷಢ̫õԶŵҲ޻˵Զŵָһֵʮһ֮ʮµģʮһδҲ̫Զˡ
˵һ㣬Զŵļֵߵѱ棬ֵ࣬ÿУһʿ̽ѰԶţҪھĳͨطİ壬ǡͬһŵĵиܵĳ񹦴ʼ˵ķٶ໨ʮҲпܡ
κˣ˴ۣȥЩкֻ۵кĵһڱˡ
ԶŵļֵҪ㣬һ̺ͨĳЩʧͨ߷İأЩھԿɣڶǵȻӵƷǱܹȫָ۷״̬һرȻˣڵ̺ɷڵͽʿָǼģвٸǵµʿƾԶŵΪӶõǱģ³ʿܹгˣгʿܹϳˣǰ;ʱԶ
һֵȶҪԶŵȻѾΪкһ㣬ɶҲǷǳġ
һԶŵĲкȻдһЩֻǵƣͨҲԶԶЩ޸ķǼֵʮµӡɶֹ룬ǷǳǸصԲ𣬹ӣɶȥϣ򵽼ٻģҪȥ￴Ҳʧ񡣡
ɶǧҪô˵ƭҲֻܹԼãƹ̫ɶ񣡡ɶĻɵҡҡͷ˵
ڸô죬ѵһôˮƯǮƣɵĿ¶â˵Ҫǻȥƹˡ
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ΪʲôɶѵͿʦܰװ׳Կɣ࿴ɶ
ҪЩӣҲ˽⵽һЩɶ飬ҪΪɶǵƹͨһƭԼˡ
򱦴ᣬҪμӵģⷽ綴죬ҲģԶŷĴ֣Ҳȥġ
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㣬ҷʥŮ֮źӣҽйӳԿɶ죬֪֮ʥŮˡ˵֮䣬εͷ࿴дΪ𣬵ȴ޿κΡ
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龳ǰҪԼʵǿȵҷҲǿӲף¡ΪұԼҶ򱦴٤̻ᣬǰвִ˴δ뢡˵˹صĻǼصġ
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ҵĺý㣬ɶԣɾ̾һҲ֪ĳôã򱦴֮еĹأܹܿġ
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ȫùӸ˵ˣΪЩԭ򡣲Ҳɲض򱦴гɼϾЩңֻɢ򱦴᱾ľٰߣҪ͵ˣǴᱳЩǰҲǽסģֻ£Ҹղ˵ЩءɶЦ˵
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ЩΪȻϾԶʱԴԶ챦ϡ֮ǽģ«ƷϸߵĵкһЩΪ͵ĲҲΪ棬ʱȥҲɵÿʼЩˣΪûдЩɰ֮иܵһ˿ļ󣬷֣Ǿǧ֮󣬷øʹ⡣
Щɰ׵ף˶дĺ


393 Ǻˣϣ
ɲʲôﶼ飬Ϊ춦̺ԼԪ֮󣬿ܹġ
Խ춦е壬һ㽫ԪԭΪԭʼԪ
ȻҲһЩ֮ոս֮ʱڼŵУ֮ȡŽһ壬ǰŽһʱ֮ҲĥתΪԪ
ЩɰǱŽңļͳ̶ȣƺԶԶԽǱŽ
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ǰһ׵ɰſԲ࣬ǳԼɢһĺ⣬ڿУΪʱ򣬾Ȼ֣Щɰޱȵĳأ·оһشǧľʯһ㡣

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ˣҪȥ𣿡ͣʵ
ƺΪ춦״̬Դﵽƻĳ̶ȡΪ˰֣˵ӣô˵ɡ
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ӣҵ˵һЩƺ«ַвĵرǰѺ«ժáɶȴΪȻ˵ңһЩ«Խ֮ɺ«״Ȼɵģֺ«ȥβۣʵͺƿһ෨ͬ
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Ȼϲһкʱ춦еֶ˲ٿɹĲˡ
ټкžͿ԰Ѷڴ޸ˣʱԪβӦԪٶٽһ
Ͷ붦екϲ
Ҳ֪ĵԽ࣬ĵҲԽ࣬Ժõϵľͻ𽥼˰ɣʵ
Ҳ֪춦ܹ޸úܿ죬ΪȻŲٿɹõĵƣԶŵ֮󣬿ɹõĵƾͻԽԽ٣ٰĲԽôͲˡ
ûʱ춦ѾԪֻأѾ飬ٰɲģҪȫ޸Ҳһ¡
һӦòϧѪкˣʵ
»ǮƣǾ仰ֻҪ춦ܹõһлѶֵãҲμ򱦴Ҫԭ
㹻ǮƵĻ;һЩɣͬòҪ̫࣬ʴεȵģҲòҪѵ
Ȼáͷ
ڽϹһЯŮصջʱеĴ󲿷ֽ״֣Ѿǿ߰˰ˣһЩʵڿ׼Ĳкϣ඼֡
ܿ죬һõĵкͶ붦Уȫ⣬ټк֮УȻûһǼðαӵģȫӦеá
ЩкһʱգֲٰдɴһʱգԣְѾе̽Ѱɰϡ
һξȥˣ֮У˲ûٳţڿջ֮У˶ûţæµúܣϵطĵ伮һЩߡ
ԭԶʱ«һ㶼֮Ҳִ֮ϲժͷβĲľ֮飬һΣ죬ΣŸʵ
һԣֺ«֮ڶ̺ʣеĵƣͨ󣬶䱾츳ĻԿȥģƷ֮ߣɱһЩĵԼѾ޳
ֺ«֮УһַǳĴڣΪǺ«һ̺֮«֮ڣһɵ֡
һƷֵĺ«ͨк«׺«κ«ȵȵȵȡȻͬ«֮ڣ̺һƬ޵Ŀռ䣬ԳһС磡
ȺɱߵԶʱ֣ҲǼΪģΪ«Ϊľһֲľ֮࣬ԣǼȡԪɽľˮݻס硢Լ֮صԪ
ɻռ䣬ԳһСǺ«ȻѰãҲȫ޷Ѱãѵһģһǳ֮ˣҪݻ棬컯ļƷ
˵֮Уֺ«δ֮ʱѾܹ޾֮УԼԺ󣬹䣬ӵմӰȥ٣ɽȺɣҲԿݡ
ּƷǺ«ӵкεȵܣͲͨżܼصˣϾɶͷϵЩμǣĵã伮Ǵĳ˶зֵģԶŵȫ顣
ǻ޵ĵ伮֮зһأ«μΪƣǱǣ«ڲһΪǺˡ챦ΪǺˡıԭǺ«ѣǺ«Գһ̮֮ɾ״΢һ֮УǳĳΣ
Щɰ᲻ǡǺˡмֿܣûۼǺ«͡Ǻˡʼ޷ۡ
鵽֮ҲɵÿʼЩˣΪǺ«һּĺ«һڡǺˡ֮УЩɰǡǺˡĻƾϰѾۡ
ΪֻһɳСġǺˡҲֵϰǼֵڣ


394 Ǻˣ£
ǡǺˡĻ
ɶһͬ̽ѰܣҲͬǺ«ĵ伮еЩɰǴ˵еġǺˡЩϸС֮Ҳرó
˭뵽оȻ֮ջ㹺һкȻ˵֮еı
ʵƵ飬Уÿ춼ڷʱ˴ֻ߱߼ô©󷢺ƣֻĽٵԼʱȻȻʵ
Щŵˡ
Ǻܿ侲ɶȱ̫磬﾿ǲǡǺˡдȷڣƱܣ취˼Ҫ顣
Ҳ֪Լһվ̫ᣬҲ츳ˣʵǿۼʶȴδرȵһ˰˰ߡ
ܹҵһλḻʿһȷƷֵ࣬ɿʹؼգӦеļǮ
˼ҲǸ⡣ĻҲɵðͬ
챦ûм֮ǰҲһĲֵģ˲֪ļֵͲ߼ȥ򣬶߼ȥ򣬾൱С
ʱ춦л޷ȻΪԪ֮ã޷޸
ɶ򱦴ϣʲôʶǰˣҲͬɶ
еУҪ֮¶ǰɶԣ΢΢һ漴ʵ
кβɣƲ¶ףֻǶ˶ԣҲţ̲ʧġЦЦ˵ˣҴЩɰ֮ȡһ취ܹǰУǲǡǺˡǵĻһҪίй̣Ұۣ߻ȡԶŵ
ǺðɣȻŵùɶ飬ɶҲͰﶨˣǵȵ٣ʥŮ֮˵ɣڻʱ򡣡ɶĻ֮˵
ǵȻʱҲ֪£٤̻ı֮ʱ򣬲򱦴ʼҲͲһʱ
ߵߵߵߵߵ
ֺ֮ࡢɶŮ̸һ˵ЩյļţͻȻ¥һŵ
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ӣλСðˡ߹˹֣ǫ˵
޷ô˻ǣʲô飿̧̧֣˵
ģһλǰС꣬˵ŹչԶŵһЩˣҪӡ˵
ԭô£˿ɻڵȣȥˡվ
֮࣬ɶƹ¥£˴֮УһֳȣŵӣĿ΢΢ͷ
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ǺǣȷزʶҽȥʢիһˣʢիǶ֪ἰλѡԶŵһʮ֮࣬ƺԶŵ󣿡һλõ֮󣬲Ҫ룬ȻǺλֲǡ
ԭô£㾹ȻʢիĶʶףԭʢիϢԼġ
֮ǰȷ໹ɶһȥһΪʢիķ̣ҲʮԶŵкʱвкѱߣδ¿ջַյԶŵǰѰҡ
ֻû뵽ʢիûеȴԳʿ
ʦܣɲ꣬ƺû˵ʵ˵֮Ϊ˼漴˵
ʢիԸҪǵĺɣ޹أҿͷʲô˵Ϊ⡣
Ҳˣ裬ƺʢի˵ѣȴǶ֣ѵĻλ֪ʢիԼ£
޹أҲָ̧̧֣࣬һԵΣ֣˵ɡ룬ǿԺú̸̸
ãӣ롣Ц
˱ֿˣɶҲһߣԿ̸
裬ЩȤģҲ뿴ΪԼʲôûȴ裬شǬͳһʯӡȻһһöͭ壬һ֧ߣһ֦һ⡭
ʱ֮ϣĿѷıܹоż֮ࡣ
ӣ롣貢ûһ㣬Կ䣬ȴǿʾϸ
ֶԼıİ΢΢һЦҲȡ֮еͭϸ
򱦴ᣬ㱻ԴγúŪһأڶνҲ˼ֽģ񵱳һ㣬ʲôƷˣѰļ֮۲кĲʣֵöͭ壬꾫ͭɺ̶𣬷֮ɱͭƬ˷塣
ͭϣԿ绨һصƣԼֻ̺ǣԶЩƶѾˣɵɼǳ·ˡ
ʶ̽Уϸµع۲һ£ĵƣҵƻ˺װλơ
ٸ䷨֮ãԶʱпǿķѾһ˿Ҳûˣⲻ춦ķ¼ǲʹõġ
ԶһкҪõǣͭ屣ûã𻵵ĵƣ󣬾һһ˿עУżȶĹ켣ת֮ʱԼͭ·»

һϸ΢죬·Ҫ͸Ĥһ㣬
ӣԶ֮ʱȺɳõ壬ӵ꣬־ã鱻壬ޱ޼ʵԻ֮Уǿ
¶һ˿Ȥɫ費ɵ۾һڿڽ
ϵǣǿ˵ƾ˵ͬʱȻһȡ˳΢΢֣͵ǰ
Ƿִ˱֮ʱͬһɸ֮ҵ伮Ӷһ
ţȻоݿɲ飿ԭԶͥȺ֮õ
Ҳӹʱ֪ȺɼһЩԼеı֮⣬в٣ͬġ
ƩķɽɼһԿ̷Ϊ鶯ǣƷɽúֲΪãĳֲϣַѣԿ̵ƣעʲôʱãЩǰģֻҪǰ˾飬ƱˣҵѵĲϣֻ߷µַ򣬸ûбҪĶ
ΪķȻɽһ㳣ãҲоݿɲĳһԣÿɲ֮ͬЧܣǴͬСģȥԶͲ壬ˡ
ԴˣжţżһҲȷ塣
ˣȻҲк֮УȴüΪ̺һЩƣ춦ȱģһû󡣡
ʱҲͻȻڣһ
Ҳһ㣬һǵһǣٴӷϢжϣڲʣˣ仰˵ѲٹƷʣǹİ֮춦ܴеõεȵ洦
ЩҪԵÿʹõĵͳͳ
𣿼Ȼ㶼ô˵ұˡΪͭһߣֿķ
ƺ׼ȻƷ༫õԶŵкüѾ֮ܳΪкǻʵԶŵˡ
ԶŵȫǿԵʹõģڵƷͣûдﵽĳ̶ȣֻҪʿѪпܵõ޸
ȻҲԸѪȥ޸ЩǴѡһЩƷ֮Ϊ춦£Ͼ춦ϻѪңⶦҲƷߵĵЩֵĵȫָҲǴĲ硣
࣬ǵһء

ڿͷżԶŵΪ˼ûԼʵͼʹذԼеļָ˳ֱȿö塱һħơһŽһ֧ߡ
ֵһǣߡԶʱӵ֮һƷ֧ߡȻǼĳλԶ˷ģһ㡣
ļ֣ҲòŹĨǵģֱӸ۰ɣʵĻұҪˡѣһڣ˵
赹Щ⣺ļ
˵ͷȻûиıĴ㡣
ãȻֻļǱ㰴ļļǮɣҾȰЩˡΪ¶˾ġ
˵꣬˻֣ʣ༸ҪװصǬУȻѸٵһ¡
˵̣ЩҲǹһеģһǿһЩ㣬öħƣһǧŽһ֧ߣǧһ񣬲֪Σ
ţ̵ܹ񣬵ǼǮװǻƵؼһʵϣȴڰϲ
Ǵ׬һʣΪе⼸Ǹɫġ
У̺һɵƣ޸Ϊ춦ãħƺŽʼΪ⣬Ȼһּǳ춦¼ΪƷ಻ķɽطļǮʣƣȻΪ춦ãȫȻûһ˿˷ѡ
һߡķȣЩʲôϲģġߡȻô̺ԴΪԭʼԪԴ
⡰ߡ̺ж٣Ҫ˵裬飬һʱ֮Ҳ޷ˣҲᱻǧˣҲ֮ʱΪ֮ǼŵӻŽôй飬ٿߣȻԼ֣ǵĲʼȫһ
ҲǼʶˣûмֲʣ̳˴ʵҲͳԿΪﻻ޷ֵͬһģƷ಻ߣ߽ҲһڣܹǧǼá
뵽Ҳ˶ۣ󷽵ͳǮ裬⼸ˡ
ӹȻˬ죬´͵ûĻһҹ㡣õҲ¶ϲɫȻΪһˡ
պ񣬹˹֣վˣƵһСɷ渽ҵʶԺҵĻԷֳһ˿עУұܹӦõˡȻĳͨޣҲֻⷽԲã̫Զ㲻ˡ


395 ٣ϣ
áʶ
·ŪԶŵҲǾύ޻
⼸Ҳãĳ֣Щɵѯɶʲô
ҲĽɢͰɣӣҪ֪ǰμ򱦴ģܹϱĹֻЩɢ͸࣬Яƽ޵ڴ֮⻻ȡԹƽʳġ
ɶ룬˵
ֵڱ֮ǰУڲĽףвƷ࣬ûرɵĻʿȥ潻׵ģղҼ֮ûǲҪΪá
ԭˡ˵ͷղǼƷ໹ǲģû֣Ұ˻ȥЩҿ׼ġ
ô˵ɶҲɵóĬ
ղЩȷҲ޻˵
صУѸղŵֵ壬ħƣŽԼߡȡ˳Ͷ붦У
ǰԼԤ֮еİ취еĵȻɶ飬ȱ©ϳɷ󣬶д棬ûϾԪԴ֮ֱַֻ취УƽԪΪֻٶԶԶѡ
ʱ峹׺ɢȡеִ֮ýħŽ̺ŵǳǣһֱҪĽ֮Լ;öƣЩٻʱ
֪УһȥˣЩúã֣Լصȷûп𣬷׬һʡ
żȻãͬĵƿáңĵԽ࣬ԺܹõҲԽ٣վþʱ򣬵ʱҪԼ¼ߵ飬ˡ
ңԽԶŵƷҲԽߣзд棬Ǿǿ޸ĵڲкһˣĵһҲǱȽϹġ
ƽԼĵʧ֣ö壬֮ĵƣȷżȻ֮´Ҳܹ˺ˡ

ħŽԼߣȴʵʵڵջǴǰǳǣеԪԴǼֵ֮߰󳬳ԭļֵ
ˣҲôģܹЩԶŵΪ춦̺ԪֻشЩ󡭡ûѵ
˵öԣףӵ춦ܰǷãĻǳǣҲʵ֡ΪҲö˵ǳе
ǳԼ;ƣͨ¯ܹǿҲҪķʿʱ䣬ÿһֶǸ߰ĴۣȵЩʧȥĶѾֵˣûκġ
߾͸˵ˣΪֹû˵ԽһԭΪԭʼԪģͨΪԭʼԪ̺ԪԴ֮ΪԭʼԪֻ춦ӵеĹЧ
Ҳ˵ûͬ춦һ취ֻǣ춦Ǿ޷Щϵģǽ֮еĻзϣơһֶΣʧˡ
뵽ͻȻһ
飬ƺûʶЩļֵӦ˵˶֪ЩкãҲû춦رûеϵΪ޷
ҲˣԵˮ׼ѰЩϾɵΪ˵
ǿɲѰҴкԭΪϡȻۣ׬õչ˲ѭĻõõһҹ
ʵҲ֪ҵ⼸ԶŵƷãǮҲǧĲͷֻҪܹ׬һҾʹˣ
ͻȻЩһ׬ȡľ⡣
ǰӴк֪࣬ЩԶŵĲкȻ˴ļֵҲ֪Լܹõк׬ǮҲռ˶ʱ뾫磬»ûмԼһõ׬Ǯġ
춦һˣǰҲ춦Ϊڿȴá
ϲһ춦·߶ˡ
׬Ǯվֻһ뷨Ҳ̾͸жΪЩѰʮҵ̣ҲֻټкЩкƷݬ룬ȫмֵԣѰһԴԶŵ³
֮ȰͷơǺˡɰŪ˵
ֹ˼죬ɶ˵ģ٤̻ᱦٵӣڵˡ
ɶһ࣬пյصȺ
ʱһӰʶ֣أɿӽֳһҾ޴۵
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ϣʱʿ˽ؿԶķۣ¶Ľηȵȣָӵɫ
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Ҳɵ̧ͷԶıӰ¶һ˿𺳡
֮ϣ¥Ӱ·һټĳǳؽУ岻һҴ󴬣һ졣
ʱ޴Ӱϳǳأȣͷ
ұͣµʱƲʷ·ͻȻ˹һ㣬һһţ˷֮ϣ޾Ӱƾն֣ۼڣ˴ԼŮ׺ޡ棬˷ֲʵ
ڳʿע֮УӰзɳʱ֮ϡ
٤ٷ磬ķͣǴ
¡
·һף˷Բǧʣ쳹˶ԡ
ӣ㣬ʱϱˣʱɶջĿ⣬תߵ࣬˵һ
ãɶǽȥ
Ҳ֪Լμ򱦴ᣬɶģûĴ죬²Ŷ룬Ҳ͵˵ͷһ𣬽
˰εض𣬷űȥ
֮˽ӽ˱ԱߣʮԶ
߶ȹ۲챦һ޴죬նɣԱߣ˷ţʱԿһЩʿ֮ϣһЩӰָ֮£űȥ
ʥ̼Ʒ֮һȶۣԶ֮ʱѾɽĶǲϲٿߵͬԴ׺䶥𣡡
ɶһߴ֮ϣһ˽ôԭ
ЩţǵǴͨ
Щӱзɳˣǰͽ𣿡ԣЩʵ
вǣȫǡɶûϵʣԴεػش
ȴΪΣ˵ұʥ̵𣿡еЩ⣬ɵʵ
ˣɶ˵٤̻ұǵֻǰ̵ģиڴ˴ӵмֻȨҲиԵ֣˵
ƺƴʢᣬ磬ƿض챦Ľףûи֧֣Ǿ԰첻ģԣҲڴפأ˴֮以档
ɶ͵˵ţָָԶһŽţƺһЩµʿӭͣɢһĺȻ
ӣ㣬ǿɫţŵģŵϱģҲųĹ
ţһû뵽ԼڵȻҲͬö֮زμӴʢᡣ
ǺܿҲȻȻԼͨɶͨۼڴˣҲʲôɽܵ顣
˽̸֮ʱڵ֮ϣŵʿӭʱžȵط֣Щӭ͵ʿȻǺԼһĽᵤʿҾֹ֮䣬ȳȣɢһɽʿơ
⼸𵤾ʿ֮⣬Ϊ׵ͷ죬ϢȻһƬޣȫȻûиܵһ˿̵ĴڣԵĲͬ
飬ܹЩʲôΪͻȻһ˶һ䡣
ˣЩѾԪ̥ĸ֣ش
ʲô̥֣ٴγһ
Щˣǻʵг˸֣֮УҲȡһ洫ӵˣȴֻаŵķݣҿ˽٣ʿǺ췲ˣԱϥ̬ѱ֮
ӭλݰ٣λͣеǴΪ׵ͷ˻֣ʿͣ£һָǰṪ˸
֪УʿԶаƽƽཻ಻ǵͷ֣ΪɣȻû˵ģ˿չֳڣǺӵܼǰһ㡣
̹̻ܽϣ̥ĸ֣˵ͷ͵ͷˡһ̾ʹϸ΢֮Уܵ˰̵ֶΡ
λӦԪʥŮ֮ĿˣӣλǺһͬǰС㣬ʥŮߵɶҵĵǴλ֤ɶֵ̥ĻҲ֪أ̾Ͱȡ˳չʾЩǰ
һۣԼһ㣬Ǿɵ취
ԭɶɶˡҲ֪ɶڰкελЩԱ֮Զһ¶صɫ֣ص˵
λͣ롣
ӣ㣬߰ɡɶתͷ΢΢һЦ
ɫظϣ¶ȣдʦܣ̺ѽƺԽ𱰣ɭϵģڵĴĶһ㣬ʱԻһš
ʵɭֺγǿʳֻ¹֮ˣʵ̫һЩȻʹЩг˸ֶԸʳΪӭ֪ͣӭǱԼСʿҲȻӦˣʦ㣬ǲǰ̽ʵʶ򱦴ᣬ˳㿴ûʲôֵóֵģҪЩˣɶȥˡ
˵Ҳǡһ漴֮ģĿбӵؽ˱
һ뱦˱㶼оԼ·һȫµ磬ܾýȻͬ
˷ʧˣ綴ʧˣĻҲʧˣһжһģԭӡ
һС磬춦еĿռһ㣬Զ춦ɣΣӪ綴һ㡣
ȸܵıʣﲢһʵĶ磬һƬСأķռ֮С
ֶΣѾԶԶˣӡ֮Уռ䣬ԲģһǬ޷װһǬ֮УǺƷԶǰҪߣͬͨķҲܰƷߵķС
Ǵƣ϶вһ㣬ЯرĴڣ˵˵˴ܹӪһС磬ȫװ£ѾԿռܼļƷˣķγɵ磬ʵ硣


396 ٣£
һķҲûд˹ϴα嶴ŷشĶǣɵʱҷۣٵұȣֱ;޽ĲȫһΡ
к죬죬ͨ飬õĴ󾳽磬ݴ˻ƷͬһƷ֮УԸΪӣѾﵽ˵أ춦Ĵڡ
ң춦Ĳȱ״̬ͬõӵпȵֵܣԿ̵ĵƣɵͨ󣬿Ҳ춦ԶԶܼ
ԶԶδӵٱлعַ֣ܿ۵Ʒ²춦ԭƷҪߡƷ࣬˵϶Ҳ֮ͬеߣ򣬾޷γȹ̵һء
Ǿصص
ʱ춦еӣͻȻ˵һ
ţӣΪ˿϶Щֵʵ
ΪƵļصɢϢΪơƺҲΪƷ֮߶𾪣֮УԴż־̾ңղûע⵽λɶСѣ˵ǰ̵ļƷȶۣƷָϳ֮УƷߡֻǵ³˻ߵг˵ĻǲԳ֮ΪƷġ
ԭȼĻ֣Ⱦεʿǰѷ޻ʿһģһľ绮֡
һԣĲʣ̺ķ飬һĶﵽֿ߲֮ԷƷʣߣศɵģΪʲôļֵԶԶͨΪͨûнǱֻ飬ܹķĺ÷
صǣտʼʱٶȼ죬Ϊ飬ǽľʯֱ֮ûһ㣬ҪܵޣʶԳܡ
һ̶֮࣬ʼʱĲʣΪһξʹҲɰֶѣȻǲܱΪģܴﵽǳǵȳ̶ȡ
һ֮Ǳ㽫ľͻƣص㣬г˵ϳˣϳ˵ԲõƿҲΪԭ඼ǸԲεƷ࣬Ҳأʮأﵽأذصģʣ϶ǳûȫɳ
ȻܹͬңͻƿıϽȻͬǵõ֮޳λ壬֮Уܹնȴң뷨ǵķȴ컯ԶԶܼġ
ʿһ㣬ûи֮ޣ࣬ͷͨһ򣬱٣´Ե̶ȣԲʺͨжϷ£Ͳ׵ˣܹ𵽾õģǶȽٵĴһؽһؾ磬ȹԽ࣬ﵽľҲԽ
Ǳƥ䣬֮ģ޾Σա
콵µĽֳ٣Ͼô׶ȹģһ㽫𣬳ʧܹòкڣҲӲ³ȽʧܣȫԪǽȻͬġ
ȽʧܣȴұȫԪ񣬻ܹѡΪ޻ɢɵġȻΪ޻ɢ֮󣬲ڣ˺¶Ƚ٣أٴʧܵĻҲһ㳹ʧҲһͷĻᣬңʿйȽپ飬δؾͻٴʧܡ
ǣ֮ĵ飬׷ѡõɣ¹λֻͶ̥תЩǸõĳ·
ǽ·һ㣬ﵽϳ۷ĵǼΪģҲֻ˵ŹʸһƷܺͷһЩϳ֮¡
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ԭûж͵ˮһ㣬״ӣһõɣǶͣ޷ٸıˣҲ٣Ӷνģλ
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ʵ֮ϵһΣûиֵ֮ģֻЩɾ͵ڲϽ֮УЩõɣҵѶͣﵽԼչλ
ʱӶɵö۵Ʒ֮߾̾е˼Ĳ˼飬Ҳ֮Уδع
ɶЦ⣬ԿˣҲƷζ𺳡
ãſѵӣ㣬ǵˣȵţȻ׼μɡ
ãɶ·ˡع񣬶˵
ɶ΢΢һЦǰ棬ȥ
ʱŷ֣ҴȻͬ⿴һ޴󣬴֮ڣɽˮһ޴죬ȫ㿴Сռ֮ڡ
㳤ʮĩˣ¥칬һ֮ǣ֮䣬ʵȻɣһЩʿи·ɾ
ɶ֮ǵһǣŷ֣ұжΣǰ׵ĵط룬һƣһ֮ͨұΦ
ʱͻȻĿһΦ֮£һĸ¥֮ϣʶӰվ
Ӱ糺ʢװɴƮȻɣȻй֮ԵİʥŮ
ʥŮƺȺʱˣɶǰû˿⣬ֻ˻֣ԵŮܿ˸ɾ¥֮ϣҲֻʣһˡ
֮˽ڸ¥ǰĿյϣ¥Ŵ󿪣ǼˣʥŮ֪ʱ¥ǰ֮С
ʥŮּˣϴδĶһƺҲ࣬ʥŮɰ΢΢һЦӭȥ
λĳ֣Ҳ׼Ϊ֪ɶԵ޹ԼԼμ򱦴ģ϶ʥŮָʾֻ°ˡ
ȻͼλʥŮ
ȴΪľˡʥŮü֮¶һ˿Ц⣬˵
Ļֻ޳ɽ𵤣ʥŮȣȴǲʮǧԵ˵
⵹αףʵоˣˡҲóʥŮһ㣬;ӦǺԼͬһȴĪĵز֮£ԼȻҲ;δʶᵤӤ֮ɾͲ̫Զˡ
ʵ֮ԴӦɶǰμ򱦴ᣬγֲǴ֮ѰһԵͻ˼˳ٺúüʶУʿЩʲô챦
ۿʥŮһ죬Ѱغһ಻Щζ֪ΪΣܸоλʥŮЩ죬һķ֮
ҲûʥŮһ֮󣬱Ҳɵʰ飬΢΢ЦţʥŮ
ʥŮǺͬҲûеͬ׼ˣűǶһߣ¥ϲ衣
ӣ֪ǰʲôҪɵĻ綼ߣҿɶǰȥҲ÷¡
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Ȼұǹ鱾ƿصġ٤̻ᡯУҲǻ֮һ˽ཻȴҲûʲô˵ģӵ裬ֻҪܼ֮£ҶԸⶦ
Ŷԣ΢΢ݣʵ֪ʥŮָǡ
ӣʥŮ˼ǣЩڴϵļᣬǶ취Ѱ׼ۣԼ˳۾ֻ֮Ҫ㿴ϵıд˲վͶĻܴᣬֵģûһϢԴǲۺҲþùɶЦЦʥŮ͵
ҲˣЩŵȷ졣
Ȼ˹챦֮⣬бҪ̻ᣬҲԽãǻᾡŻ᳡ѱȥģһﷷҪ̻ύһĿӶ𣬲ʥŮ棬Щʡ
ʥŮǴ˴֮һӦΪʲǣְȨΪı˽ƿҲвɣԣ΢ЩԾû뵽ʥŮȻ⴬ӵһĻȨҲǸܹ˿ŵȴЩˡ
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ʦܣʥŮ𣿡ʥŮĶԻ̲סʵ
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Ӵ̻ᣬ㣬۸ӣѭŹͬƶĹ£ԶһЩС̻ϽҲֻĿˣŻõ˴ĺô
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ʦܣǰæȥˣҿǺ«ʲôҩԣд
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ȻҲ֪춦ܣֻΪܹõЩǺ˵ɰ˶ѡ
ʲôȻǡǺˡǴ˵Ǻ«Ѷһֲ˵ıǵǰҲŨȤġֱԶʱͺټˣҲ˵õҲûмʥŮȻӵǺˣҲɵ¶һ˿Ծ
ңҲû飬Ѿ֪֪׵ģû뵽Ȼ˺ˡ
˱ҲڼˣΪͿ˳ذΪϵˣȻ¶ҪһԱɣȻٺò
ȻˡӱİɣͽˡʥŮΪգһڽ
ˣлʥŮˡԣվ֣ص˵


397 ׾齫ϣ
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ұ޴һ㣬潨һ֮ǣڳǳصΧ滷ɽڼװܣԷ֣ʮľ޴
ϸ۲ĻԼһҴϡ
֮ɶȥͷЪϢĿͷǼһĵͰӣЩǴūۣɫ˾סĵطסĵطǴвλɽ֮ıԺһԺУ¥£֣԰ǹ˴С
ЩɽԺ֮УҲūʮˣǸԺгֻҪйסȥʱˣԿʹ
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ԭ򱦴ǰˮ׵ģûֵԼı֮ʱȫԲᡣգЦ
ûö˽һ֮Ҳǰ׼ɶѵ
֪ˣҾͺúÿ¼ʲôֵóֵķɡ
ˣȴҲ֪ԼҪĲһķ¼УҲʲôŵõʱԿ˵
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ڰеĵλС£ҲͷʥŮȴǳǺͬСɣԼöɰǺ˵Ļ붯λʦҲȻ֮¡
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ȻҲʥŮԵʣǻǰֻ´ͽȻͬˡ
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ʲôȻֵʥŮǰʥŮô˵Ƶ²ɵ͸¶һ˿ڴͺ档
ҲѹȤΪⱦ֮УЧˣ˵Ϊ˳̵֪֮ڴˣҲûʲôĵطԷҲǻᷳġǰ꣬龳۷壬ˮƽҲֱʦ֮ȻһλСǰ
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Ҫ֪٤̻ıʱ޿̣ھۼľ޴Ƹ챦ʲôĶûм
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⻹һ챦ѰĶҿԸоóȻûʲôرĵطȴ̺һ˿򣬾ܹͨġ
Ƶ˾˵һϸ۲
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⵹ҪһһɡʥŮҲͷ漴뿪
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ȥΪʦƿغ¯ΪʦҪչһգĲһƵ˵
Ŷ֪ˣʦ𡣡ͯӴ
Ƶֽ½һȻȲشɰңõĹֽѰԼ衣
˵֮ʿ˴Ϊȫǲͷ¶ʳ˼̻֮ʵϣһЩΪʵڸѾﵽľ֮⣬췲ˣҲ֮ͨġ
ճƽյȤʣټ׳ûв
Ƶ̴ܰίڱ£ȻҪΪ̰£ʥŮԸ飬ȻҪס
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У˵ĵرʵĵرĲϣ̶ܴϣָһ֮
ǰöɰɱĵرиܵһ忴͸֮Уǲһ˿̵̺ܣ·ԼԵĲһöɰһǳһ㡣
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ʱŷ֣һĺ취Ȼڳй㳡еģҲһһ˾˻ߵر̨ۣ˳۾ͶķʽǰҪλķڷųһһС
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ŶˡʥŮ˷ӦҲʶԼæĿ˵ҸùϲǣɰȷǴ˵֮еǺˣмۣҲðϡ
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ʥŮΪһǺ߬УԴüǮʵʥŮˣҼȻǺ˼ҪȥģλǰĵĻҺˣԸú̸̸
ʥŮĻ֪ûԼĵԼһ˿˽ģǱԼܴʥ̽ЩǺչ֮ãǺ˿亱еľ䣬ô׵õģӴ̣ҲֻĴ
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˵仰վҴҸȥˡ
ʦܣҿʥŮɲ꣬©ϢҪЩǺȫһЩ𣿡
ʥŮ뿪ĲãУӺ˽
ԭһֱڸ¥֮УעߵĶͰʥŮ̸ûпⱣܣ˱˸
⴦ԺȻǹסԺǽ֮ػ󣬵ڲȴûиҵġ
صģʦ㣬ʥŮϢй©ģֻЩ˵и޷ܾѡ
㵹ԵͨԶⴧˡԴֵؿһۣƺҲЩ벻ͨΪҪ԰ʥŮ˿ݣ˵ʵǺˣȴǺ֮й¶ȥⱾǻ˹أ飬ǿɴСġ
ǰҲûз鲻ĵΪ챦ɱ˶ᱦֶޱȵĺ˵ǰʥŮΣ֮Уɱ֮޷̵Ĺ
ȻС˵ҲССһ׮ܿʲôҲᷢҲʲô鷳
඼˼֮ȻҲͨеˣû⻰ۣעеǺˡ
ЩǸ
ʦܣĴеǺȫȥҪ֪ȱɲôҵģǱлôǮȴҪ
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ЩǺѱʥŮҵǰ˼óǺ˵ĽۣԣֵӹɣһϡļֵȻҪҵҲֵóֻǣû̫׬ͷ
໹ЩģʥŮⱦϵǰ죬թҪԴˡ
ʦ㣬֪Ǻ˵ļֵһϣԣֻҪʥŮˣǰҲã췲ҲգһļۣҾҪж٣ۣҲɿڣһҵĵ׼ۣҵǲں
ڰЩǺ֮δȴǲˣ´ֵ÷зҲֻ֪ЩǺԭˣֻãҵõǶѣҾġ
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ЦǺ˺˵λûˣҪĻðŪУҲûý


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·õߵһ㣬ͯĺ𣬿齫ȴ֮УתۼɳԶٶԶʱơ
ÿٶȡһ̾һ
ǵȻ齫ҽʦѾָͨʵһ󣬴Ӷӵ˽зʥŮ̾Цӣ㻹ûȫƿܿȫͨԸ㡣
Ըꡣһ߲ٿž齫·裬Զгʿٶȣһ˵
ȣŭĿʵۿĽףÿһƬۼףһСɷɵģЩɴ󣬲Ե龳һܹһͨķʽ˫Ϊ˶֪齫Էǿƣؽ㾡ȫ⧲֮£ҪԿ
ȻʨӴ齫ظ֮䣬һΪħʨӺķŴԲʮ֮䣬߽塣
У֮䣬ǽշħӡһشʮھǧͷûǧѵֵ
ʥŮ齫صܣһһ
ֱʱ֪ΪԶſܣν¾Ѫ˻ָͨľ磬Կ̷սףһ졣
ڵ齫ӵԶſ֮ܵ⣬˼гϳ˲ȵͨÿһͨɷʮ֮䡣
£ܣʹָԪĻ֮⣬ЩССķ󣬶Ҫǧˣһ׿õĳɱƣķռ˴롣
ԶŷȻãҲѹˣⱾǵ¼һԶȴ㿪ʼҪõöࡣ
ʦܣҪּһڵĻѾܻˣʥŮĻԭЩҲת֧
֪ʥŮҪеǺˣ׾齫Ǵּһڵģֻһľ齫ּһȻľ齫ȴܻ㡣


401 Ǯ
ڰʥŮʾ£Ů齫һԣҲڳǣѰƵˣǺͽ
һ񲢲СĿ˫ĽҲ̱ɣܵ÷ֳգһ³ڼ䣬Ҫ
Ҳⱦϣһ߼ʶ򱦣һߵȴɡ
ʱ򣬷ᣬһĽѽҹɫǰ㳡һ£ŵ֪Լµʮ취ʮɹ룬ֻǰȥ񣬱С
ַ٤̻ᣬӴԣȺ취ؽѺбԺдüɡ
Ѱ֮Ǯбķ쵽֣ٳʱǹʱ
ھͿˣʦܣ㲻˵ҪչԶŵͷȥһɡѺ취أȺӭ
Ҳá˵
ʱ㳡֮ϵĳȻٴ룬⵹٤̻ĻԴ٣ͲѾϲһͬʱչ¶ǰ
纣ķ֮У඼ʮ񲻵ȵĲȱɫֻڡк֮УȻһЩƷϺõĲкֵһǧϡ
֮⣬ҲһЩ֮𻵵ķ
ǰ˵еĸУרŵͼչԶŵøֶθԭȻٷȥĹҲר»𻵷ĵرá
ôˣ඼ʦһʿ
߶ʱȹ۲ܣȻ֮ʿ߶ЩˣзɢһʵϢʿĸоΪͬ
ЩˣʦעԵˣȻѵǶһЩ츳ߣ龳תר֮𵤾磬ܽβӰƳķƷ࣬ԣʦܹƳϳ˷Ȼƾϳ˷ΪĿ䣬龳ʿһݵλ
νǧֻȡһ;Ǹǰ;ԣɵ˵
ʵҵ츳ҲߣʱѾעػתΪжҩʶٲˣԵĻҴδṺһԹ֮á˵
ʦ㣬ҩʦ֮ԣ΢΢һ
У츳ߵʿ·ܶ࣬ȫֻн龳һ;֮⣬ҩʦ֮ȵȣΪҲʿ׷гΪҩʦ뷨βҽˣˣ⡣
΢֮Ҳܿ㷴ӦˣܹΪһҩʦĻǸпΪĹǰ̡
һ˽̸һߴӹ㳡Ķߵ棬ȻټкһЩ鿴Уȴۻ߹
ҪЩʵȫ޿ܣֻһЩƷϺõ£Զŵ࣬ʹѡȡɰǧҲֻǲ׺һڣȫ
ʱԶŵȴӵƺͨɹ춦޲ƷٱǷĲʣǴȽϸߵĽ֮ֻ̺ԪԴԴ϶ԭʼԪͬƴ£˿Ϻãп޸Զŵ㲻ˡ
춦ĴԪ¯ƣħ£ʵûǮƾ
ʱļһ㣬ֵ̺ԶԶ۸ģѾʣ޼ˣΪֻ֮һֻû춦ĵһЩԶŵضѣһԶŵ̺ͬǺˡһرٱ˷֣ʹѾ޴ۣҲ£򱦴ϡ
ԣԶŵ˵ʮͿ򵽣ĸߴʮЩһ۵ȤǷֱӱԹ
ô෨αظЩ֮ȥ
ţɳԽļ©Ȥ֮УÿһͶ꣬ŻݵļǮõķ
µһټԶŵʱ򣬻ȥʮ񣬲Ŀ֮УЩ񲻵ܿͿԻԴ׬һʣΪʱѡĵȫǴüֵɳһֵ̾ʮĵر
Ȼ硰ǺˡһĴ©ﲢûϣֱȻҪܼ𵽵ġ
˴ҹѾѡԶŵˣΪ˼һ£ȥЩкټ壬ħƵȼѾ԰춦޲ǧϴֻڼʱɶѡ
һ˳ĻɽǱ޴꣬춦Է츲صı仯ˣʱܣһǿ
ڷƷϣķ˲׵μ򱦴ֹ֮˲ٷʱˡ
ţ̽ƵʣһЩرֵóֵĺᡣ
ЩͶµķõ֣ΪļǮ۸߳룬俴صģǸߴȫ԰ʦˡ
ţñķѾԶŵ𷨱ˣʱľϵһѪɫϵע⣬ֻѶϵͨѪȾ·ĺʵӵһ㣬⼣߰ߵĺϲûϢֻߣһȴͬħһʧȥ˵꣬ΪˣṹȻƻӰʼص治ɣʦ£ҲԽ޸ˡ
Ķϵֻáкݵģ˵кֻ̧˵ǰϣΨһ³Ǳ˻ȥȫܴʺ϶쵶Ľϡ
ֳʶѶϵϲ̽һ£Ȼûдиܵһ˿ϢֵǣһɵѪ֮⣬ζȻӿⷨĳ֮䡣
ˡ·һž޵˫ͣһ˫ֽԶϣҲ޷յް˺ź
һص̣ӿ֮죬Ӧ㱻ˣԺͻȻһƬעѶϵ·֪һ̣·Ѷϵķŭ벻ʣˡ
ƮŲлѶϵĵµģƺܹǳǿҵػֱӱ۶ϣҲɢˡͻȻ˵
ʶԶУһ¾ͲĲ֮ͬ
ԣȻһ˿ڼʧǲлһĴڣȴǱز׽ˡ
ǵûԼ꣬ϧѶϣҲɢĬΣͻȻӿһǿҵĳ嶯ҪѶϵ£úüһȻ±۵ʱֲɵסˡ
ѶϵıۣȻʮ𣬴ʱѾ˼Ӽۣһ·̧ʮ֮ࡣ
ֹһѶϵĲл꣬Ҳ뽫£ڷ顣
߽׷׵ãѵãΪҪи߽׷ĸǣҪǻۣӵԼԣһһ㣬ܹҳɳӵԼ飬ϲãȻһλʿˡ
ԣǻ۵ķţ˽Ʒ༫õķԸȡ¾ɣֻģ棬ɲԪ֮⣬һְ취Ļǣԡ
࣬飬飬ֻǵƷؽУ֮ǽԿɣȫͨΪķ
һ˿Էչ׳󣬽Ĺ䣬֪ƶ󣬶ǷǶԴ˽̵֮£ʼУӵͬһ֮󣬲֮ܳΪ졣
ʱȻչΪ飬Ҳ̬
Ȼ˿ѶϵɢѾ˻Ϊһ˿ˣȥĶһЩźûκ͸¶ܴвܹεȵĴ
Ѷϵ֮ʱԱʿƺͬȤѾʮľֲۣɵҡҡͷ̾ϢһȻ뿪
˵ѶϵѾжѣȥҲֻܵʵû̫ôַҲᣬܴ̫Ĳϡ
𷨱ġ
ʦܣôˣѶϵǰͣ£ֿʿҡͷȥȻǺ֮ܶҲѶϵΪˣ򱦴ϵĺ÷ţëֹһѡûбҪ̫⡣
ûʲôֻ룬Ѷϵһ˿лֵֵ꣬ͶѡĻعͷЦЦ
еĻͳ۰ɣܱȲĺáȻЩʹϧǮƣҲԼµЩӴɹȻ;ԥһ飬ûбҪٳ߼ۣ̫Ǯ£϶ǲġ
˵öԣǾֻһǧɡΪ˼ȻͶ¶ʮһǧ¼ۣǰȥˡ
ûٿѶϵһۣȻⷬٶҲֻǿ֮ȻӦˡ
ʮһǧļǮԼ֮ؼӴ룬Ǯȷܹбϰ߱ԿԴȤǺܴΪֻܴиӦһ˿лϢϵϣϤҴһĶϵ֣ҲԷƺŵĶѣԭԿеĵƶȻˡ
ֻһǧ
Ѷϵǰ뿪ٽע⼯еֻϧһųܴ඼ǵ񷨱֮ĲкûͬԶŷһĵƣȷʵô
ʦ˷ϣܿʧȥȤߵһȥˡ
ͶϸѡԶŵ֮ڴ⣬һ𷵻סʱȴⷢɶԭǰ㳡֮ʱƵѾʣǺ˼ˣǷʥŮ֮ǰȥġ
Ǻ˹أɹΣƴʦмҲܵˣҹʮ֣ͬɡЩ죬ɶѸٵԭ
ʥŮˡɵĬĬͷ
⻰ɶɵ¶ĵЦݣƺʥŮһ㡣
ãھ͹ȥ
Ȼһҹ඼ͨˣһҹ߲ûκӰ죬̱ɶȥʥŮ
ӣˡʥŮԼǰĵطǵǵĸ¥
Ҳڳǣ΢΢ͷ
ʥŮǰϸ¥˶档
ĻҾͲ˵ˣӸҵЩǺˣȷƷɣǰҲȷϣǵƷ༫ߣÿһöû覴áʥŮԣ빫ӹΪ˶ֽףѽ׾齫еġǵԼ׾齫ּԼΪһڣоǧȫУ빫Ӳ顣
׾齫ӡһöƴСƷ֮У֮󣬺ķзɳܱ¶ǰȻʥŮΪ˽ƽѾеʶѾ֮ˣֻҪԼʶӡȥ½ԡ
й춦ľ飬ܿһ£ȷһ֮󣬱һ̡
ǧҲܿ죬ΪʥŮĲĴ񣬶Ǵ񾫡񾫵ĴȺܸߣֵҲܴÿһ鶼൱һ񣬾ǧҲǾǧöѡ
ˣ˫Ǯһʽס


402 ףϣ
ѽ׾齫𣬰ʥŮҲǺʱЩǺѾǹ٤̻ˣԵȻϵ˱ⱦ֮ϣҲֻĹ
ʱ磬ʥŮûУʥŮ
ǵĽѾûˡʥŮ˵
Ǻãұȸˡվ
Сѣ£Դʱƿ˵
Ŷǰ£ɻʵ
һЦ˵Сѣڴ˵أ˸Ƕλ˫֮Ľ֤֮⣬һ̣֪Сûʱһ𣿡
⡭һ£ʶؿʥŮȴʥŮǰӣİɣһЩҪãȸˡ
ʥŮߡæ˵
֪ҪԼŰʥŮһġ
ָ̲ҵǰк£ʥŮ뿪֮󣬸¥ϵŮҲ뿪ֻͶԷһģͯ㣬Щ׼⣬ֱֻʡ
֪СѣЩǺǴӺζģƺҲ֪Լ֮£ΪѣԴһ˿ΪʵСѲҪᣬʴ£Ϊ˴̽˽ʵں档֮Ѿʧʮ꣬һҲħѪħżȻ̽һԶɸɸ֮еõ
ǰҪ֪ЩǺ˴Ӻζ
ԣһȴȻʧЦ
ǰȻģԼȻǳǺ˶ģõǺ˵Ḷ́춦͸¶֮⣬Ҳǲɸ֮£һԶŵĺ«ϣͣû˵ˡ
Сˡð棬мƲû̫ǰ˵ͷЦǺǵ˵
޷˵ҲֻɺϣֻһԶŷϷֶѡΪ㽫Լ򷨱ľ˵˳
ƹĻ͵ʴףΪƭС񣬵ȴ룬СѺ˹ˣչһΪ漣ƵȻ̾ȻҲĺ겻ѡ
˵Ǻ˵ķ־֮ԴµȤҲˣǱ·ʵ棬ȥû壬Ϊ£˵ԴѾ˾֮ģտڲᣬǺ˼©ԼҲѧһǮĴ޺«
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˽׾齫ջķᣬҪط齫Աٿأȴס
ʦ㣬£ʵ
ʦܣЩ˵˵˼ʵ
áû壬֮С
ʦܣûлɹǸʥŮ⣿뷿Уϣûֱ˵һӣⷿвһλ֣Ļһ㣬䡣
ȻǱľסԺдػ˲̽ȴ˽ȻҪĻҪ̸
γԣһ£Щʵ
ʦܣɹʵʥŮ¹أΪѾӰ쵽ˡɫ
ʦ˰ɣҺͰʥŮʶ꣬ȴûмΣӰң֮гɳҴ˴νףȻ޴󣬵Ҳģ̣ǵȷûжֽšһ£˵
ʵ˲²⣬е֣ʥŮ¹Źָ֣ոպһʾ޶ף˵ǲܵģνףƷĵذǺ˽Уȴ¿ѭġ
ȣ٤̻ı֮ϣӴ̻ᣬֻһ˵⣬ԣ漰񣬿󣬵̻ȴֻһѰף˱˼֡Ȼ׼˰ʥŮɶˣǾǣߣ±̻ûҲΪؼһ㣬춦رоסŶӣʶԶԶгʿҲ¶ԷüٻŪԼ
ǣϴƭʧѾ˼־裬׹̵ÿһϸڶˣٵĻᡣ
ңҲûбҪƭҡ
ϸһ£϶˵ջǾãЩڶˡ
ȴҡͷҲ˵νթ
ӹһ˿죺ʲô
ûע⵽ǰ˵أûд㹺ʲôȴ˼ܻȻҲ˵鶼ǵĲٿ֮Уȴǵȷʵܹںصв׾齫ػеɱ֣ܹ𣿡
ڣ˵ңǰҲڽԪ֮ǰĹ£ʱֻһгʦ΢ƽƽȻʦ㿴УȴҲû̫ɫ֮ɽҰ֮䣬ֱ㻻ȡԪ󵤣ôҲ͸Щ졣ȥҲţΪＯھѶļ裬ڿȴǹ͵һ㣬ҪĽǮΡ
˺ɶ׷ңƴ̽ţռϢʵϣһֱ룬ߣͲ뿪߹һǵأɱ׷ɱ֪ˣ˴ǰԼμ򱦴ᣬҲΪܿΣգٿг̡
ȻҲ˵Ķ㲻֮ʦΪֻѸܵڤڤ֮еӶˣʦھУԹۿ͸һ飬ΪǱǣʵ̫ˣЩùͷʦܣЩв𣿡
һ˵д𣬼޵Ĳ
Σ֮УʿĸӦȷܹӶӦ˵һ㣬˶ԼãԼ룬㲻û˸ӦˣҲԸЩϸڶ͸Ȼףȴ淢֣ʥŮֹ͸¶żͲ֮
ȷԼ̫ˡ
ԼҪϳˣԪ󵤣ԼӴ죬¼Լ̽Ѱɸɶ̣ԼǺأ㽻׽׾齫
ǣЩΪӦĽ֮Σྪѣֱʱ⡣
֮ȴЩˣʥŮҪʱ÷ŭȻʵȴǣʥŮֻǶãصĺô͵ʵȴ֪ýԴ
˵ҲһЩδ֮̽£ǾǣһľٶΪ֮֮٣
飬ʵ˷롣
ӶݣУԵĴύ˲š᲻ǻῴǱҪڽһʵ
Ⲣʵ֤֮£ɣܹ֮һֱħ֮⣬ռ⽻ι㷺ĺôҴ˽̽ʶӢţδչ¶֮ǰ㽻õѱſ֤ȷµˡ
ʱ㻳ɣʥŮ֮Զǳ˶
˵öԣɣпܡҲϵȻֵҲ˵һЩӢŵ¼̴ǲûģ㡣Ҫ˵ɣҲ˵һֱɡ
ȻϣЩ۲ʥŮƺ̺ű˼
Щ˵ŮԵһ򲻴ʶŮȻ࣬ȴǶĹˡĶ˵ʼٵɳΪԪֵİʥŮٵɽϽʶ࣬ٵշ鶡飬ٵвлӡȫŮӣүүȻҪ㵽ͷϡ
ʦ㣬ȲҪ˼ˣʥŮҲԺ̸ɡĶͼĻԺվˮʯġĬһ˵
˵ҲԣֻˡҲ֪Լĵȷֻ̫˵
㳡ķڽУһ㣬ʿҲ翴ķȻͶ꾺ۣȵڶδʱˡ
Ϣһ֮ǰ￴ŷ֣ٶپʮֻʮΪ۱˳ʧ䡣
˸ߵĵñʣҲΪˣЩԶŵ𷨱ϸѡĲ̺żֵһЩƷ಻ã൱֮żȻУû˻ġ
ټϣ۽ϸߣһ㶼˶ûɵò֡
ʦܣЩԶŵ𷨱ٶ򣬻᲻ЩԤˣȥٶҲɽյġȥǮЩб֮УЩίѵ
ȻһƶʿʮҲ֪гʿĲƲҲֻѣегʿ̥֣ԪԳϣɽ̽޸ĵر׼սȡƸҲԶһʿҪ࣬Ҳǧѡ
򱦴ϣһ㻨ȥ֮࣬ʵЩˡ
޷ЩȫǷǮģǻصɽţ԰ǵĲз˵
ǺվֻãȻʺƣǲҪ̫Ϊá˵ΪǺˡ
İɣʦ㣬зִ硣˵ϰ֮֮ĵЩġ
ô˵ڲŷˡȻʹǮܿͰѽɽܹ⣬ҲվСŮӣֻ򣬲ǷΧ֮ڡ
ţѶϵȻˣ
ʱ÷ͻȻЩط֣ǰ̺һ˿лѪɫϵȻҲб֮С
ֻӼһǧûпҪֵͷȴǵˡ
Ҹ˵ԵҲգʮʮΪ˻ƽʧʵڲֵЦһ
ʱ֪̻߲Ĺⱦ֮ҲģҪȣĸ߲ݣ߷ԼڰһöǺʥŮʥŮѽϲͨϲߵȨޣʹӵԲһݣ´μ򱦴ᣬŻˡ
ң򱦴֮⣬죬֮رŴһЩЧʥ̵ĸֱ֣
ֺôǼģ˵ͨⱦѿʼһЩ߲ڣΪеһˣɲڸ۵㣬ӶЦ󷽡
صסصıһ·ΪƣϣԪͶ춦У
ЩжͣɣԲض˵ʼЩ׼Ǽֵե֮ʱȴӭɶһ˹
ʲôһȴֻ֣֣ⷢһưĵƸУ·𸡵
һ֮
ǵ뺯ʥŮɶ
ôỹ뺯΢΢һ
ʵӽ쿪ʼе㲻ڹ㳡ˣǼеСΧԼӦʿ룬ʥŮĹȻҪμߵȵɶ͵


403 ףУ
ᣬϳȤĻʱ֮ǰʥŮ
ϳʱԼոյǴʱõϢһΪᣬȷΪƷһƷߣҲϳˡ
ѾԱħ£ǵз޿սʤǿڡ
һЩոճԶµķЩе춦Ҳг˶ѣȻܵΪľޡ
ãһȥμӵġ뵽Ӧ
ʦܣǲһɶȥ֮ʵ
ǳϤʹʱɱ֮£Ҳ֪ˣʼʱȷЩ΢գ֪ͺסλүүΪ˲ԼģҲֻԭǡ
ҲΪˣѽ׾齫ûзԣ֧֣д龳һսҲδɡ
龳ֲǸԣ֮ûͬϳϳ˿סԶγвҪ֪гħ£ֻһԿϷģ龳޷ӽ׾齫ľпܱնɱ
Զſܵ
ҲܼڱˣȻ֪׾齫ǳ֣ͨ潻֣Ҳܹʤڿܣԭ򣬱˾ǻۣ˵֪ӵȫԱǿӪһֱĻʱҪܵв
򱦴ϣһǱ㲻ͬˣã˷Ҫ龳ֵϳϳӵ൱ģʱػһ̶ϣܹƶԷ͵Ϯ
һ뷨ܹʵ֣ϳħ£ټϽ׾齫ЭҪ˵һ龳֣ϣҲȻܹڲ֮ء
˵ֻȱһֻҪֲʵǼġ
ֻȱһˡҵᣬʶ֮⣬ҲδûбѰҷͷⷢһʺ֮ҸıˣҲҪг˵ķҪϳ˷Ҳֻϳ˷ܶԸ龳ˣ
˵
ӣС㣬ˡ
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˰Ԫһ֤Էľۣٷڷ֮ʱ۵˶ϵ顣


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ԣ΢΢һȴ޶ԡ
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ȻȲúȴҲǾž֮ɾδؾͱҪͣĪ²ǡԪ˵ӻҵѵĻһȰһɡ
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ԪȻݣû˵̫ף֮УҲ͸¶һ˿ȰطԸ
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׹âǴһ״̬ĳ˯壬˵꣬߻ȱʧһȫԣֻڼ˯ߣһʹ巴ӦǵԲѹ
Ҳֻһ̣׹âɳΪԣΪ׵飬ԭƺõһеƣȫ
һ̣׼ȳɾֵɲ֮䣬ﵽʦԤ֮еľ硣

ĸ֮̾УͻȻоˣǰ΢΢һȣһ֮дãã֮дžηʶ֮С
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406 £
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鲢ÿ˵ͨܵ˷ܵؽл

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УɿӹͷܵһɰѪؿڼ档
ףȫˣû˿ߵҲûзʣԼȴע⵽ˣѪ䵽Ϻ󣬷·һԪΪѪɴڿȥ
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̫ˣ롣ṫû֮еķ֮⣬˵ҲֻŮ֮ҵ֣Բɴϲ


407 սϣ
֮ϣĵرھУѾԱ͵Ǵ֮ĵʮˣҲǵĵգ˸ɫ⣬ϡӶࡣ
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㾹ȻϣԣΪֲŻķţȻʲôֶΣҲͨʿܹתġ
Եȷ飬Ͼ֮Ϊо飬Ϊߵ͹ϵʿȻԶ֣ƶʿһ³˷䱦ôлϰ˵
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ྪ󣬲ɵðԲ²š
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Ȼк֣ǵزɣúݶŮˣд󾪣񼤵֮䣬״չ

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˾ƺҲЩ⣬һ溮˪ش˹ȥ
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ҲҲǾʥŮҵˣҵ֪ǺξģȻҪңоһȻ˵
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ԼµԼĴˣһӵнгϳ˵ǱŻ⡣
ԴУ֪֮޾壬ȴԼһƻ
ôӣӡûУҪҪҰһ£ΪҪ֣мʲôĻ辡Ͳǡ֮ĳԹԪ඼ǲ֪ģˣע̽Եɡ
ˣҺȷг𣬶ݳԹǻⲻġлعҡҡͷͻȻֵˣʥŮܲܰԼ򱦴֮ǰԼһ档
ԼԪӰྪĪؿ


408 ս£
ôǺܾ棿˿ŮʵҲûʲôֻһҪȷϣֻܴѰҴ𰸶ѡ
Ӳؽͣǹ⣬Ұ㰲žˡԪ˵
ã鷳ˡ˵ͷ
֣һ˿ΣУų룬ͼʶУ治УԼף׻壬ʱѾ˰ˡ
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飬ڷ޸ôˣҼǵЩ˲ԶŵӦпõƲǡڰԪ뿪֮󣬰춦УѶѯʵ
ˣҪ㣬춦ڵķѾ޸ٵˣڰ£ع󣬶ңܿ߰˰˵
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ԭΪǺãͶеı޸󡣡
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ʶڶ̽һȷϵȷԽԽڻָ֮󣬲Ҳοʵʱ춦ڵĸҲûƿغķ˵֪ôкãֻĳһС֣Ԫתͨʵ΢仯
˿Ĵ˶޸ɳ֮ǰȫǿָġ
ûȫ͸Զŵһ㶼޸ı죬ľ괺»һ㡣
ȣӹĵԭʼԪĻ˿̣пռ»ָһƬľ󣬵ŨصӿŷڵҺ·Һ
ЩԭʼԪ֮䣬Ȼ֮ࡣ
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ϴΪշħѰѶеԭʼԪһգٵתİ֮£⼸£ƵԭʼԪЩԭʼԪҪôΪڵڶҪô򱻳ڻڶס
ЩǹɶĸԭʼԪ۵Խ࣬춦ĶҲԽʵʵûΪʵ塣
Ƕдķ֮󣬾ûˣΪҲǽ𵤾磬ܹתķҲֻʱʱ˽ɷţȼշҲ㹻ƴϰٴΡ
ȫĵģΪʹԱ֣ÿ¶ҪķƵԭʼԪҲ˵ڶԪѾﵽһ΢ƽ⣬ˡ
Ҳûʲôźģ״һ׸һ۵̣Ԫ
ң۵һ̶ȣʵѾ޼ˣؼĻͨãıƴ
ĬȻͷذʶعԺ
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뿪ʱǶ˵λ棬ҺǴ֮˶ڳ빫֡
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ͳ۵һ£֪ǵˣҲȥˣûɲΪý㣬洫ӣʵԽ˵
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ֱʱͰԪ˵ĶԻ֮Щߣ֪ɱõܣɵóһ
ԣĬһȴͻȻЦ
ؿȴֹסЦ΢΢Ʋ¶һζЦݣɱң
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һ˲䣬һɲƵķŭоԼϷŪˡ
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ǰ⻤֣ɣһͷ˽ȥ
Ҳ˽ȥ
Ǳ֮ˣ٤̻ĹѾԼǣӣɡ̤ڿУ˵


409 ܵУϣ
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С˵־ջĿ⣬Ц
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һͨ󷨣ͨٻԶ֮ʱ٣֮ͨʱܹʹ֮顣
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һӰ˿Ҵ⣬ͻȻٳԼĺƣɺƾո֣׹ȥ
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ͷ·һ֧ΪصĺɡǾ벻ŵĿ֮УصһѸȫ˶˻档

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410 ܵУ£
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ʱбճɻҽΣգǣӵкͺһˮѹƴ˻
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ڵͨٻ֮֮飬ӰѣһЩ׼ķ֮ͬ֮ιı壬նͷϣֻȻͷܴһĻԪɵ΢̾˵
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ⲢʲôͨȴͨҪ£Ϊʵʵڵ֮
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ΪҲʧζ¶в֮£ԿĶҡˣΪԼķԶʤν棬ȴ֣ԶԶĶ֡
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ת֮УƷɿƮ˹ȥ·һ㡣
ۿţҪٶ棬մ
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ƲһŮæм䡣
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վ٤̻ĹԪҲؿǰˣԷĶ֮Ҳǰ
ÿӦȴ˪źɡ˹
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ԣϲһһףΣգߺޡȫһӿ
ʵԼҲ֪νûþȫֻһߵĽڶѣʱҲûа취أȴֶΣʹͷɥ
ڵ洫ӣҲһ
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뵽ɫһȥ
㣬ȵҡΪŮæ׷ȥ
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ʥŮ˼ΪˡڣûܵˣҲִɣңϾɳ滹ҪģҲ鵽΢΢һЦ԰Ԫ˵
Ҳ֪ԼԼսһһòıĶ¼ʥŮ޶ԡ
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ҲΪˣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ɱתΪĶţԽѡһ˵˳ΪľԻѴѹ¡
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Ů鲻òӲͷƤԣһ˿Ҳҳ
׷⸱龰㰵̾һ˽ȥǼŮȥɡ
ǡŮɴ⣬æ˳ȥ
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㣬ˣôῴЦĻЩҲ֪ͷϣʵڲýĻ
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⡭ⲻܰɣۣɵסˣ㣬ҵţ˺εºܣȻᲢۣңϻڵɷ֮һ˲ͼǼ
Σ˲ͼȻȴʦųұõģõģҴ˵ȵһĵķ㣬Ҫȥؽҷ࣬ôֵܰط
⵹ҲǡɵóĬˡ
ˣûˣҲȰңһ˺úþɡҡҡͷͻȻ˵
ǺðɣҾȻȥˡ֪Ҫһʱ飬Ҳվ뿪
һ
ѹֶַߺ޵İһ֮


411 س
֮󣬷ߺ޲֮ʱ࣬Ҳصס
ʦܣôղźŮ˶û˰ɣۿƴɱ㵣״˲ٷȻͣ·ûһ㣬Щ档
ղǸɲ֮ʣԼǶԸġ
û£ʦ㲻صġҡҡͷ
˿ҲǸߣֺαЩʵ
ЦЦʦ㣬㲻ףԼһսɲô򵥡
Ŷѵ㻹ʲôⲻɣʵ
ʵԼһĿġ
Ŀģʵ
һʾ֮ǿҪٶҰг֣Ϯʤ䷳һʱĳɳǷѾӵ洫ʸ񡣡
˵Ȼ¶һ˿΢ЦԵο֮ȻϣһʱյŬӵʵˡʵϴںжᵶ֮ʱұѾ֪ԼʵѾ洫ӣȴȻδȷţճ׻һŵóȷʵĽۡ
ԭǱ㡣ȻҲȷѽгˣŻʱˣʦȻҲһֱܸԼʱ򣬵ʱȡʲôĵλȡԼʵ
˼ҲϲּģϾλٸߣҲֻǸβֻԼŻлΪһܣ棬Ϊž뢡
д˽ȡ֮ģҲ׼ɾҪɵ¡
ķչȻϣȻ֪٣ȴûм˼Ҳûٴ
٤Ϊ㣬ѰңҲ棬ǣҲֵ徲б
ĵرڽУһЩѾĲϣҲȥۣЩףȻҲɰԪɶ֣һΪŻݵļǮ
̶̼Ĳϱȫ˳ȥȥԶŵ𷨱ıǮûлǮ׬
Ȼ񲢲࣬ԣҲǼõĿˣεľ飬´ֵóֵıԷĴ󵨵ˣһϣǮܴ׬һʡ
޸춦Ҳѭϵĸڲ̡
ʦ㣬ǽ쵽³ǳؿ
ܿ죬ʱ䵽˵Ǵ֮ĵڶʮһ죬ʱ򱦴ѾٽͻȻҪ⿴
ֻȥЩ⡣
򱦴ѾӽβϢ鱨ί֮࣬дڵĵرͷˣǱߵķиΪ֡
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ĵǿɲ죬Ҳ˰򣬺ˣûбƭ©׬һʡ
ʲôǿԶ࿴ܲڴδζϵƭǲ̫ģ˵
ʵŶӱʶԶŵûд۵ʱЩǺˡҲǿ׼ˡ
ĵǣʵûбҪ
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䱦ԱȱϵҪͣһΣ˽ǧкеĴɨһա
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ˣкҪޱȡ
ͬʱѰʿ벻ͣȴֻΪ֮࣬Щʿһ취񣬹һöƷ鵤һָ񡭡ĿĻٸеʿҲԻҡ
ʮ֮ǰǧ񣬵ϱ֮ӵеǶڼƣ̶̼칦ȥֻһףǧ֮ࡣ
֮Ҳǽ֮֮ɣʱʱȻҲͬʳʿһ㣬ܿ;ƿݣɥ
ټϣ춦еķ̺ÿ±ǧԭʼԪҲ൱öġ
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ԪλʥŮҲǣŴߵãٽһɳлύеλ֣֣󷨸֡ѵһľ޽ʦ
ύˣҲңɼ顣

Ŀ껹ûг𣿡
Ԫ̨Χһ˼ĻɽϣӰȻ֣û᾵ʯ֮䡣
ӰƺΪʿһһ֮䣬⾳ܵ޶ԲǵĴڡ
Ǳͬһ㣬һ߼дУһߵ͵͵ؽ̸š
ұ˷Բȴʼûз֣뿪˵أȥˡ
ܹ𣬾ҹԭҶմϢ벻ܹܼܣܵڴزǡ
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Ҳ֪Ǳ⣬ɱˣһΣյĻƣв⣬ٲ³
Ϊ˲˿ɱеޣҲҺǡ
˿̣Ǳ޴
ȥһ˳ɵؿͬ顣
治Զÿͬݺݵص˵ͷӹһĨ׹⡣
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󡭡С㣡
˽Ͱ͵غһ漴
С㣬ôѵǣ
һ뵽йشСִţԼս˱еЩǣСõֶԹһô򵥡
λºȹͷߵŮӣõĵƱȻһ֮еͬλС㣬ûаԼõˣޱȳã޲ܻ֮졣
һߣ֮̿ˣͬϰ֮̿ͬţû
鲻пһڣ鲻ãǾǡ
ҲûиǣԼ¶٣˼ҲҪڱƱƽؿˣĮȻ˵
С㡭һ˻˵Щʲôȴ͵رһס˿ڣС㣬뿪̧֣ҪΪǡ
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˲ֻ룬Ʊ֮УƺҲڻָһ˿ɡ
α󣬶һЩʱաһɱұܲôˡ
ʱûȥˡ
Ʊ૵ţ·ʬһ㣬ⲽ뿪


412 Ů
ʱ࣬ɶˣѴӷ綴뿪̤˷شĶĹ;
ɷ綴ǰĶ죬ҪŲƷתշǲ龳ʿҲûǼŲƵͨʴˣʱ䡣
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ʵеһյƣҲԶŵ֮еľƷҲᱻѡΪʢغҵߡ
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ǰػ͵ط˳ȥ
һ˲䣬Լ֮ɶ·ȫѵ˾һֻȫûл֮


413 𾪵Ϣ
ʦܣ
ӣ
ɶһǰʩȣȴƱӰ·˲Ϣ֮Խľ룬ɿǰ
ͻȻ֣ңָ߶
ţ
ʱƱӹһ˿졣
Ϊ֣ûоûܵ˿ˡ
֪ʱϳһҺɫۼףеֵ
ԭ԰һгʿĵ÷ǵƣۼ棬ͬţ뺣Ӱ
ûˣĿ⾼ȻעƱ
ûҪɱң
ͻȻڳһĬ
ʵ˵һ仰ʱԼУЩãȻ²͸ºȹŮӣҪЩʲôƱĳ־ͷ·ͻżԤıķ
ңɱֵĻʱĺ֣ҲóˣȻĳһƣ᲻أһ˿Ҳûм
ǵģûдӸղһϣܵɱԼˣ֪ûбԼҲ
࣬ǵشǾѣгʿƣҪġ
⵽Ϊʲôɻʵ
Һû˵Ҫɱ㣿ʣƱƺҲЩãȻһ䡣
ʱȻ
ԶɶҲɵöһۡ
ȷŮӣû˵õˣҲֻǲ²ѡ
ƱĻشжʱ˻һ㣬ޱȵؿɬ
ŮĲõˣһս֮ˣȻûܵʲô˺ȴҲƽ׺ķԼǧǼΪصȫҪָơ
ְ֮
пյ̾һʵ㵽Ǻˣ
ǺˣԼҲ֪Ʊжһ£漴ֱ޹⡣
ȥſҲʼɪ
ԷģҪ㲻ֻЩ棬ûҪɱˣǺεȵ
֪õ飿֮һ˿ߡ
㲻ô̽ʲôҲġʵԶԶҵԤϣɱ֣Ҳɱ㣬ԺֻҪСöвҲ̫󡣡Ʊʡ
һ̽ЩʲôȴȻתԶȥˡ
ȻһЩ뵽ɲΪԼͬ鶼ܶĹֲɵ㬵شͷ
ԷҪ뿪Լס
ղţػԼˡ
˵˭ΪʲôҪЩĿʲôıӰֻеŮһ㣬ɵýüͷ
ʦܣû°ɣʱ򣬿ƱԶ룬ɶҲڸ˹
´һȫ׸ǣҲɵ÷ֻƱ뿪ķȻżּɵ
Ůʵ̫ˣʦֶΣȻҲκβһ龳ʿǼ֮£ҲӲȥɣ
ղƱܿĹֶΣ㲻ɵðľ
ȷӲȥջĿ⣬ɫһŮ˲ʲôѰϴִ³ϣҲԶ
ǻǿ뿪˵ذɡɶ
ãߡعǴΪͬ
һ֮Զ˸ղŽսĵطڸеһ˿ȫ
ȻƱûж֣Ҳϲǿ̫˻Ѳ֮
ڵˡԶֵķͣҲ𽥷
ֹʱ˲طϣūͿæ֪ͨ˸Ժܹܣ÷
ӣˡڷأϲ֮⡣
ӡ÷Ҳӭ
׵˺ɵǰͥӺСǲȼһǣ
Ҳˣʲôͨ˵
֮󣬺׵˺ɵ˱Ժж࣬ɶЩżĹرˡ
λǰ
λǰЩӣǲڷϣʲô£֡
µûУȺ̮ܼʮ󹤱ɽʯˡ
Ŷôˣû°ɣʵ
Ȼ̣Ҳż̮֮ڣڿ󹤶
УûЩ󹤵йٸܣֻҪܹھá
û£֮Ѿˡ׵˲Ϊ˵
ʹ춯ϵĿΣʵ
һж׵΢΢һЦ
һЩĽ׵˺ɵһһشԵüΪϤ
ˣҲ뿪Щӣȷһ̫ƽûʲôҪǲĵ¡
λǰæţȷʡġ
ˣмҪ飬ұҪǡǰЩӣ˹ͻȻ׵һ顣
壿һ¡
Сġ׵˵ǿ֪ЩӣСȥʲôطʲô𣿡
Ϊǰָ̡
׵˺ɵ˶һۣʵҲǵ˶飬֪ģС⼸¼䣬ȥһ壬˵д·ˡ
˼ңˣ
档𶯡
棬׹Сʱ𣬱Ĵ³
ֻ⼸ʮ꣬ƺǰһ㣬Ϊ˲һҲٴЩԼ̫飬̽Ѱ޾ʱ֮еİȥˡ
ʿԣһ¶ûֻвͷȴ¡
ôˣѵɵأУһԤС
Ҳµˣ˼ǵʿˣ˸֮׵Ϸһ˿Ĺʣ޾˵
׵˵û汾ҵĹǣûϳˣҲҵĿ֦ɢҶûΪųϣҲҵȨƣζңӭһεڡ
Զ˼ϵǴĶֻ֧ߣְȫҪӰ졣
ҲΪˣ׵˲ˣȻɡ
ϲ°̲ס̾һϲ˵ֲҪ壬֮󣬼죬žǵĺȦӣ£󱲶Ҫ°ţ׻ʳпҪĳ
˵ûΪʿҲζţӵϼͥʸ񣬲ȥֻһĶˣŵطҲԷչҲΪһӴ壬øȨơ׵˷ܵ˵
˵ɫ΢䣬һ˿أȻ˵ԶĲ˵˵ɹɣݿɿϢ칬λͣɹУΪ½ĽܳɵĻԺұĺˣһ찡
ʲôɹٴˡ
ɹʲôžŴɹ֮һеɣ
Ҳ˵ֵʬǰ㡣
ʬȻеɣħ֮УҲǰʮħһӰ졣ߵҲ࣬ߴΪ֮⣬Сţߴ֮ģŴɹÿһɹЩɡ
дţټˣŴɹɷֶ֮ģÿһϵиԵĴˣƹһ֯һɹһ֣ռţħɣһңռһһһɵǸռһ˼Ŵɹÿһռٷ֮ġ
Ҫٷ֮Ĳ̫࣬ʵϣ൱ħȨƺͲƸİٷ֮ģӴ
ûж̫֮ģϢҲɱһ˿
ܹϹĻӹһ˿ȡ
ݣҺ˸Ӵ򲻵һ۵λ֮𣬷Ҳţƫƫͬʱүүλҵ¹˹ϵͬʱҲӵ˸βʸ񡣡
ٵǹ֮λƱزԹɹǰ̯㣬үүλˮǴߣ׽Ҳܴлô
ҵǰ;ҲҪù֮
ͻȻ֣Ȩƣ޾ƸͻȻԼôĽ
ûУûٻҵȥѹе𾪣𽥻ָƽ׵˺ɵʵ
Ҫأ˹͹ȥµģҰ˴򷢻ȥˣ˵ǽ±ء׵˵
ȥ򱦴ᣬȷ׵˺ɵˣЩӱ
ڣûе
ǺãǾͻȥɣȴ£϶вҪҲֻ֪Уؼ⹬λͬСɣΪ϶ҪгΪ汼Ҳ˵
ʱԼҲ϶ҪΪЧ
ʦܣȴ£Ҫүү͸ȡϵʲôҪġ׵˺ɵɽ֮ҲЩס˵
ȻͬǣʩȡѶѯ
࣬㲻ԶﴫѶ֮£嶳ڷֽ
үүǽôʵ
ָʾȥɣǸСŮ޺ִܶ磬ᰲźġ
õģүү֪ˡûʲôţЩʧǹɵӦ
Ҳִ֪棬Ҫͼ屣һ£򲻿š
ΪͻȻ
үүڡ
׵˺ɵˣѾˣ
ǵġ
ѽᵤ𼸷ãΪ¹ͣԺؽǰ;¹ش󣬲ЩСܹײֵģһжԸǡ
ס˵ͷ
嶵˼ˣͬţҲȡϵЭ̹
ʦ㣬ǻץʱ䣬췵һ˰ɡ嶴Ѷ˵
ãкүүүүʱ뿪
·ͻȻ˲ûڷ̫ͣã̤ܿ˷г̡
ձ֮˳徳ڣֱϷ嶥
ȻЩū澿أƺϵǻЩ쵽ܿŮǴ˽
ܣ࣬ˡɡ
л㡣лʦ㡣ͬʱ˵
ʱȻޣ߹󣬷˶ˣϢȻ֮·ϣһ·˳˲ٵĽ
ͻȻһۣ֮Уӹһ˿档
ͻȻ֣֪ʱȻᵤʿҿϢʵ̶ȣǽʿ
һΣû춦ԼΪһж¶˳


414 İ
ܣΪɫر仯޵ӣ¶ε𶯡
һʿڣȻһ֮ǰǺ췲ˣϽòײŴﵽͨӣ̵ܹ֮ʱڴﵽᵤˡ
ǣԼޱûдᵤķţнĳɾͣȫ衣
֣񲻰ھŭ֮ɫ⵽ô¡
ķӦ׼صϴʦ㷵شף嶳Ľᵤţʱ綥壬ǣҳɹ
ҲʣʲôʱģѵһֱѹԼΪûǰ¶ʵǴӺʱʼҵģѵһ᲻׷ѰԼǰ;˲ɣʵ
֮ŮɳӣؾĻش𣬸޷ƽϢŭ
һ˲䣬ˣԸܵһĨɱȻӹ
ȻǶŭ
ûлش𣬶ǳĬԶԡ
ʵϣϴδɶ춦ԼΪӶΪȻͣͨȴû뵽һȥȻѸٱﵽء
ңܹӴҴõȻҲһҴߣгС
Щ֣ȻǱΪźõĵ·
㡭Ĭ񶸵
ʦϢŭʦϽУŽүүڸ壬ġ༱æ
㣬жûһνᵤȴǼϣòҵĻ㹻ȴһֱȲҴڽţˣֻԼѰҳ·Ҳû뵽龹Ȼֵ˶
ͻȻȻһЦԵЩʧصȽᵤǲⱳĻԸڴԷΪ½أ֪Ƿ⡣
㾹ҪЮңĻɵһ
û뵽ԼһСɫȻѾɳ˳ԼĵزڵӦ̣ҪȻҲѡʱ¶
ɫɲؿȻҲԥǷҪԨʹٲ˵ˣĳɳԶԶԤƣûаźõĵ·ȥߣֻΪɱҿ䡢֪ҲӶԶҡ
ңֻǿٸһλᣬҳΪˣұΪΣĹΪЧɫЩӵ˵
ǳӲˣȻ嶳ϣͼҵƿءŭЦͻȻպ޵ؿ࣬࣬һֱûзҲǴ˳ȫǵͷͶϣв֮ΪҪң
ǰ̣ţ㣬ֻҪԸ̤ʵذҵİȥض洫ɵ£ܹͬŻΪصһǿΪҪļҴ£
ȻȥְţҪȥһЩ޿Ĵ£ϣչѸٵóϣʱֱ˱֮߳С
ʣһǲڱҰ
㡭ԴǸصͷȴûϴ
Ҳ
֪һʱԽʵп϶
ȻҲдϾû˭Ǹʾ£һһҪġ
ԴΣ綼һ졣
ȥɣҺúþһҵľˣʲô飬˵Ĭãڣʵر۾˻֡
ǾȻȥˡûԥϱߡ
ʦܣʦӷ嶥Щզ࣬Сش
ҵĿٳɳȷһЩãҲСǼ֮ˣĶͼӦǲץŲŵģ˵ҵΪҲֻǾ϶ѣǱҡ಻ͬ뿪֮󣬵Ե֮
ȴһѾã̯ˡ
ҪԼΪ㣬Ҳʵʵ˰ڲӡ
ȻҲΪƽ޹ʱ㼤ŭڴ֮ǰѰսһΣȷԼӵһԱ֮飬ҲһܹɱԼðһԡ
ûСĻɵ˵վһ˲ţΪܣΪĸȴû뵽ͶǴס
סʦ㣬ҿûҪͶǴף֮䣬ǾϺѡЦ
֪ˣ㲻ʾκ֮¡ε˵
һֱ׷󡣡֣صص
µɽۡʱɽʮȻǣһɣǣڸ̻һҹ֮˲ٴϷ
һҹʱ䣬ƺƽࡣ
˵ôֻǳԤƣʲô顣
Ҳ֪Լ֮䣬ȷһ˿ѺˣƾԲ˿ѺһԼԶٳΪĸõޱΡ
ʱӦ¿˽Ȼͬ
ǶվŸʲô°ɡ࿴˿ԾнˣޱصҲϲŭ
࿴һۡ
˵ɣʲôҪġഫ
ע⵽һĻɫʱø
ʵһʼҲΪܵġƻ󡱣ӶҪԶϵͶ׵˼ȴû뵽۷࣬ʹȫ֧
뵽Ҳɵôĵӿһ֮УΪţǰ㣬ίˣѰһλɾɰǡ
ܣȥ飬ұ㲻׷ˣҪŻԳһϵǱɵȥɣǣһԺ£Ϊȣ򲻿֮£ȻΪž뢣ҲĲ㡣
վյڣûаѻ˵̫Ĭľ
Ҳ֪ʲôҲ֪ҪʲôҪǵãڵĳɾͣ벻ңЩЮͼҲʲôֻҪ㣬зִ磬ʲôʲôӦס
˵
˵ǣģΥæ˵
Ǻã飬ұ㲻ƽˡӹһ⣬˵˵еľҲѶˣȷѾΪž֮һ˵ļ壬ǵ̣ʵǲƸԶԶЩң崫ָǣʮ֮ڣһܳľӢӣʵ
ǵϵһŲ֧࣬ԵΪ
˵̲סԴؿһۣȻҲһöҪӣڽ֮УܴãȴΪƻˣҲòǣ¿λá
ȻѾгˣǱõгʿΣҴֱȥΪһ洫ӵĺѡˣұ㽫һɽǲҪΪףԿӵܵ
Ҫ齨Żǰôԣһ¡
Ѿȫ˹ȥļƻΪı죬Ϊ洫֪洫Ǹŵĸļ֮УҲǼΪҪˡ
յıƹƵѾЧ
ôûĽţ˼ʵ
Сҧҧ֣ص˵ڣҲûκ·ˡ
ǺãһᾡԸȥһۣȻת࣬࣬һɣѺ嶳Ҳ޳š
ǣʦ㡣ص
ãȺϢʮ֮ڣЩ˱ᵽʱǾֱȥǺ
Ǻʲôطüͷ
ʦ㣬ҲִƸΪξû룿ǺʣȴȻɫЩ˵
ƺҲ֪Ǻʲôĵط
ҲִģģȻĳɳԤϣʸȡ֮λڼ֮ʣõ˲ţҪҪĵط
ʣ׼治ɫ˵
Ҳػǹ˽һû̶ֳȣĳͷǣֱӱԶˡȥΪĥǣ͹˵ĻⷴǸõĻᣬܿԻ۹ѫͷˣĻᣬִһ꣬Ҳδܹ
㲻ɫ΢࣬ת
ԭǺҲȥĲãɽһ㣬ſռѷͻħĲ֮أʱڤ֮ħܳϮɽ磬ʱж䣬
ãɽͬǣǴΪǺĵطһƬգԹžصڣһƬܳơ
˵죬֮Уһһǳô򣬱ռɢǳƯһּΪĵطвͬǧı֡
ǴΪǺ򣬻Ҳһ㣬쳣ĸӣľеħҲǿ֮ʵȲãɽħǿ˲ֹһΣ쾳ħȫϣҵѻΣвгˡϳˣԲĴڡ
ֻħ࣬ʵǿ⵹ҲˣؼǴطԪŹ֣СͶ춼һγ˾޽е֮أ൱һһһʿãܴһʼ޴ĲƸ
УвҡɣħϮΣգפУΪЩĶ챦أʱɢУɼȻγɵĵر磬һЩֻ컷ġ˰ӵ֮ЧġݡƷʯȵȡ
һôΪйϵġաҡ֮һֱս࣬սݣ֮غĵرʱɱ˶ᱦ֮ҳ㷹ħʱʱĴģϮʿɥ
ˣʿǶǴط֮ͣΪǴطȻңȴ޾ĲƸֻҪӵ㹻ǿʵȡᣬƣ
Ҫ֪ħĶ츣֮УԪ̨һĲƸԴȫѾˣҾ˵Ҳֻھ򣬶ʱع׳ɱȡѡ
ȻҲҪĲƸԴȴӴķչֻسɶѣǺ䱦ͬʱҩ񾫵ȵȱĲ޶ȵӶᣬʿӿ룬ɱ֮˵սƷҲһҪĲԴ
ν޺ƲǺܹõĻᣬǱطҪġ
Ȼĵط˵Ҳһ޽еĻ֮أҿͨ˵ػþĲƸ֧Ƕֺγڴ޸춦ӶӵпٽĻ᣿οܹǺ򿪾棬ҲźģΪصһֱŻҲˡ
Ľܣɵ˼ã̧ͷĿᶨصԸȥԡ


415 
Ļشûие⣬Щԥ鲻ǷܵӣҲֹˡ
֪Ѿ
ʦܣΪʲôǵôӦʦ㣬ǸǺɲʲôõط뿪ɽ˲ûиԻظǾ۵һ̸
ʱҲرܻˣѾҲν
ľԴ
ôȥǺôЩ
ֹãֱǡһʱЩᣬ֪ʲôźããɫѿص֮ǴطԲܹģܹȥģ׺֮ͽɱ˶ᱦֻǼҳ㷹
ԭǵص˵ͷʦģһվȽŸһƬҵġ
֪ģյף龳ʿָĸֶţëǣҲұ֤ԼﰲȻȥҲǰһ컹󷢺ƣڶ֪ĻĽҰˡȻûȥҲүү˵ǴطΣգүүɵһΪͬȾ֮мܵУǷ磬Ҳţһ֮йʮˣ
˵ɵԥһ£Щص˵˵᲻ʦ㡭
̫ˡԣɵȻʧЦ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
жȻΪ֮£ԹҲ⺦ҵģϾܳɳҲҪ;ز۵Ļûаô
У
˵ҪĳңֱӳֱˣαˣЩıƣ
ϣ˵ɡĻɵ˼
ҵĹؼʱ̣ҸѴһµĹʶʱʲôڶģҵ䣬ҲΣҲ̫࣬ΪǶ׳ԼһУ³֮Ի۹͡
ɵǺҲɵ˼־裬󡱣ԹŽȻҲ֪Ԫִ̨󣬱ضгɾͣ˵Ҳֻðһ츻ˡ
գֵһð
˵ҲԣǺ̫ƽ֮أǻ׼СΪ˼˵
ôʵ
ҴɶͰ׶ϻԸȥģҲһܵкõĸɽС˵
ҲŲˣǴȥǺƴ֮ʱҪһЩԼĸס
ǴطΣ󣬻Ҳܹ࣬һЩɿõ˲ţ
˵öԣҲүүҪһЩ֡˵
òŲģ˼ңѾź˰ɡ˼룬ͻȻ˵
ķչȻûгԤϣϵȺ֮ʱһԴײãʿ˹
ݼ๫ݼӡ
ɽ£ѶһȺϢʿЩʿˣɷ˵ǵϥأΰݡ
ˣʵһ֪ʿĸǰ׶ͺƽˣԼ£ҲԶ֮֮Ȼܶ˹ݡ
Ƕɡ࿴Щˣص˵ͷ
ǡվĬ·Ϣľͷһ㣬
ʦ㣬ⶼЩʲôˣϵϢԴʵ
ǸоϵϢǳŹ֣ʿֲʿЦЦʵ
Ҳ˵
ʵǻ㲻ʿ
ţӹһ档
ЩһЩƽӹ췲ˣطپֲпʹʶɳתԼֵ깥ĵزˣһ㶼ҺΪʿʹá͵
ʲôǾʿһ
˵ʵҲ֪ʿǴ쾳磬ҲûʿеǱΪطʴԱһʦ
һȺԪ궼û˿Ǳ֮ˣңѵ֮쳣пᣬûжԼһ֮ģзԸȥ
Ҫ֪ƽӹҲʣǲѵΪʿ淲һЩЧŬһѣΪϳʦ˱дõǰ;ΣҲҪǿ
ѹǻԷ֮ΰݡȥʶۣ뷲ԶԾ̾
ǰЩˣ֣Ҳûпܵɽ壬Ϊյĵӡ̾
һȺǰʿǵһʮߣĳƺҡ
˵ԭǴ׾еĳΪȨͶ·֮£ĴˣҲþȻˣΪ˷ȣӴѼСǨãǣԼҲΪʿԱ
Ȼʮߵòʵϣֻʮ꣬׳֮ʱȻǳΪʿĴۡ
ʱЩʿңǾɽµȴհɣ֮ʱǻ֪ͨǡ
ǡûΪʲôֱӱ㰴ķԸȥָʿɢ
нֹһĻид
ʿǴСʼϴԵ̣ҾĵĲ֮ͣЩˣǼңȫõչˣȻһûκεĸȫȫȫִҽ¸Ҳǡ
ҵҪЩûнǱˣԳΪ³˵ʿǱʱ䲢ֻ̫ʮһңңҪط鵤ʱʱ㽫ݽ߶ҲΪˣ׿ơ
˵׿ƵˣǽҪǰǺҲܺʴЩˡ
аš
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ΣϹҲ͵ʴˣһʧʮľףʮʬʬٺ٣Ӧʬɡ
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ˣ˸СĻû˵Щ츳߷ġ
ΪЩҵԶֶβȻͷų
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ҵһŮ츳Ϊ䣬ΪΪһЧ꣬˵ǿ졢ＸģҲһ㡣
ѣ˵𣬴ôȡӭĲʹȻΪͼıߵĹɴ۾

ǡ˻Ӧ𣿡죬ǵʵ龳Ҫ˭֪
С㣬ͷİɣǸСӣȥѾˣֻһ΢ŵӶѣµĿ»˵ǵϵǱҲӦܹȡ
ᵽӹһ˿м
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С㣬үү嶳ϵȷԼǳɲĵϣҲǽҽᵤѣȫ빫档
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ϸЦһȻûаĻϣΪȥҲֻ·ѣ칫Ӳû̸ཻ̫εָ㡣
ϡǵãԼƺĶ칫оϵ飬ҪӲ˵Ǿָ㣬ҲδɣֻϢƺطʧȥ˼Ǳʲôɫӣƫƫ֮䣬ƺѽ̥˲õĳɾͣ٩٩̸Щ˺Ц
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˵ܹõĲ֮Уʮа³ʿʸһжռ׾ˡʹ΢΢𣬶˵ȻҲռǱˣʱһ࣬ɵøջܹͨ˶Էֵò٣ԶȵжҪǿǿǿǣ֮ڣ¶˾ģ͵ԺҰɡ
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ƾϤ࣬˵龳ɵҲĶǲϦǰ֪ͨˣҶûа֮·ϣ⼸ϤǺȻҲǣµ塣
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࣬㣬ҿ϶ûлᣬֻǻػȥˡɲҪԹҡȴûٹֻǰ
ӵܣĳʱΣѣ˾ԮӵӵзջĻᣬҲǺܴǰΣؾȡ档
ǺеЩӵܣ𽥹ǣȵǻ첻ȥʱԻᰲż幩תͶˣȻ󣬰ԭ
뵽첻ذЦ·ѾԼȡǣƿλ龳һ졣

඼֪ƾѾˣ֮УҲĿ𳤣Դ󣬰ӡѾ¾ģԺжҲǡ
ֻԼԺУĵ伮ͬʱҲڵȴ춦޸
ʱ䣬һֱڵȺ춦޸һǧ
飡
飡
춦Ԫ뵣
֮У춦еĿռ䣬·һصɴʣԪӿԻ״
ޣɽۣйˡ
ޣ滨ݣʿ󣬸ָȻһԪӿ֮и֣Իһ˿Ρ
ǧ
һؼĽչ춦޸һǧ󣬱йʮİѭЩӣԲȱڵԪתǷ֮Ԫ䣬ֻߣΪٶȡһԪصĹЧõ
Ҳûʧ򱦴᷵طƷ壬Ȼַ壬Ǻ⹲εó֮УȻЩкǵɢ춦޲
ƾ뿪ׯ԰֮ĲãʱоԼڴһжʵˡ
춦Իʵ壡
֮УĿͻȻһһʵСǰ
ʱСԻʵ壬ƺȥһЩͬ춦ڲͨ󲻶޸һҲԽԽˣʶȥӦԷֱ⾿ʵ壬Ԫɵļ
һּΪľ磡
ͬʱҲӦԼĽܹǧľأڶ֮Уӯޱȣ
龳
ȻԼǽ𵤾磬ȴ֪ʱԼԪתԼۻ̶ȣѾ龳
龳ڣҲ񾳣ʿܹתǧҲܹͬ
ڣָٶȣ̶ȣ̺һĳʿҪǿ
֮ϵ裬Լ龳ʿˡ
һУ춦Ĺͣ
ҽʳԭʼԪһֱΪʳٶȣԶԶʿҪ졣
ʿֻܷʳ鵤ֱ֮еΪʳԭʼԪÿһٱ
ҲΪˣԶͨʿҪ죡
ظԼϵı仯ɵõһЦ
Ȼ龳ΪҪҲ꣬Σڻͻƽ𵤾ԭĸϾ̫ǳˡ
ˣ춦еĵкˣûµĵͶ룬չͣ͡ʱ򣬶Ѿ֮лع
֪ˣһᾡ첹䡣
ûҪħһĸ߽Ҫܰ齫ܽͺˣұ֤ܴڵƣôҲ޲ˣõĻ޸һǧЩδص
ɲҪ⣡ԣһæ˵
齫ûã෴÷ǳ޴󣬱ϾʼնԶſܣұ޸صĳ̶ȣʵ֣ͨô޸춦δⱩ
ɲ룬ԼһˮƯ
лᣬҾǻǧҲһЩԶŵôҲ޸춦õˣٲҲֲǧҪæѵ
֪
ʱóˡ
˶飬ʼԼǺеĴҵ
ʦܣڳˡ
ԴϦ֮죬ڷбչأһգڿ಻ɵЩ֡
ǰҵϢЩļӵ뿪ˣƺѾǰҹȡȺ𣿡ԼЩǡ
ȥǵĻҹȣȥǵǧ˿棬ãЩǳЦ
ǧ˿Ǵǧħ۾֮أ㾹ȻȥɵøӳԾ
ԭ˵жƣǴ⣬ҪȥǴط
ͻȻʶı֮ˣҪȥǧ˿Ҳһʱ嶯µľ㵱ʱûпǺãʱ䣬ҲӦøıˡ
ˣ϶ɡ
ǧħһּΪޣħ֮󣬸ӵޱȵ³˿ܹˮ𣬵Ѷϣӵ޷ܵĿֲԣóȻǲ̫ΣЩ
οǴطҲʲôĵرۼ֮أǲժһЩħϲʳĶԼɱħ룬ȡ
ʦ㣬֪ڵʲôԷģûаգѡ
ô˵ҲֻòȰ˵ֻǰ֣׼
ӵǺУʵǳɣû̫ԼĺҲһЩ⣬ǱƽӹӵӦ֮ãȻʧ룬֪Ӻ
Ȼƽӹ֮У֪ͷӵܵĹ򣬱ʶֻĴޱ׸壬ӱ
ƽӹƽӹû֮صġ
ǰһΪǧ˿յΪдħ۾ӣǧħ֮⣬ܵ롣
һΣЩϡ
룬ܹɱ飬ռѪ⾫ΪԪ԰ʬͣ߷ҵ֮ǣͬʱõĻħҲ˷ѣħ飬Աʱ֮衣
ΪͣͣҪЩʵͬʱҲΪռƸ׼
ΪĿ꣬ЩԼǧ˿ϵĵرΣڲãɽвϻɱħľûôЩδıĵرϡ
ʵ֪ϻ춦رҲܹΪҪ˴ˣ˵ʵ˲ĵĵ伮֮УǧħݵüѲȴҲͨ伫Ϊ˻ܹͨ˿ĵزǧħ̱Ҳʧ
ǡóıǺҵ𣬶Ըħ룬ֱ
ܿ죬ʿסԺУۡ
һΣɶʮԼһһһһһʿͬȥ⣬ǻ
˰ţȴΪλǵ¸صǰȻſһ㣬ЩСĴߣׯ԰֮󣬱Ͷ뵽˱չǱ֮УûΣգҲ׳֡
һ˵һ龳ߣҲ㹻
ǴҪħѨֹ󾫶࣬˾ͲظȥˣʲôҪ飬ԴѶ硣
ٽһصˣȻˡ


421 ռʬ
֮һ˴ǳ˴Ϊǧ˿յ
ãã޼ʵĺĻ·˶ɵҰ޾޿ڣ˵顣
յ֮£ʿ̸֮ɫ뿪ķΧ̤ʵأ˶һ
ãɽȻЩư
ӻϵķ۷ɵøп
⼸գûʲôر鷢·ͻȻһѷ֣һǧɣһľ޴
һͷɫ䣬Ԧŷ۱ǿӶݡ
ǹƺҲûзǣû׷һ粨ʹΣ֮󣬻ϲŸˣһͷѾ˻ξصħȻΪħʴ־ûԻεĵ壬ͨ˿ҲԶԸ
ͻȻξصۣ˼׼ɴҲǺն˼ʶ
Ϣþ˵ħ
ʱѾ֪Ǻãɽ֮ͬҲЩͬǾѷΪͨضǡ
ֻ˵ѷѷ֮ļ࣬ȲãɽҪ࣬ãɽϾܹɵѷҲǼ޵ģҪ˵ŵ׻о޴ǳ޵Ԩ
˵İʮһռѷ֮һÿħӿ֮ʣ̶ħӱ˽ӿ뵺ԭеħɱȻγƽ⣬̾һͷԲħۣԣǧħʤǽҪģҲǧħ롣
ټ򵥽һȻ󣬴һһһ׶ӰƯڿС
ЩǵϾ۾ӵǧħ󣬱֮ɣ֣ͨ
ĵ伮֪⴦յΪ̫Ǳȫ̽ĵ֮һŲǧħ롣
ǧħ붼ħͬʱϿƶ񤣬Σջ񲻳ɣû̫ʿԸɱǣЩǧħ㲻Ͻţܣÿ궼԰ڼѣȻɱ£ϣǳ⡣
ʱ˿ģһЩħ֮󻹲˱Ĵڡ
ħ죬ΪʳѪֻ࣬ߣ۵Ԫﵽƿʼ߾ħܹһЩ츳Ӷӵмͨ
ǵǵ֮Ҫע۴ͫƵͫħ룬ǵͫǰ裬ͬʱ⣬ÿⶼԴʿһǧʵг۷壬ҲҪξ𣡡
Σյˮħ룬Ǿ֮󣬿ͬʱٿˮУеͨУãᱻɣɷǿħ룬ǧҪԸħһ㣬ʹûֶͨζԸ
ֻħ룬ǧۻΪ󣬿԰˴ߣ֮УԸħ룬ĿӣʶҲ̽ϣ򣬱лɡ֮־֮ȵֵһʱȻͬΣɱС
ֽħ롭޳һΣϰΪŮӣ°Ϊ֩룬ħޱȣϲ˫֮еǧͫԷɢħ⣬ѪոȻͻǰ˿ǿ佻ţ;Уͷ­ʼѪ⡣Ըİ취Эɱ֮ãƾͼƣΪնħӰŮޣ䲻նɱ֮
һֱǧħص㣬Ȼֵ
ûдﵽǧħ룬ȫ壬û̬ԣҲֻ˿ҧֶԸʿֶΣЩ벢Уڵϸ鲼ħߣϿҲַڿնɱǣõİ취ǽڵ棬ΪӪƽ
Ǿʹ⴦µϵȥѸħɱȻԶԸģ˺Ը
סˣһҪħʬ֪𣿡
Щ´˻ɱħͬʱ´ģ˷ѽռ
ڲãɽ֮ʱͬѾǹ¼ҹˣֵôĸ֣ȻҪá
ǣӡӦȻɢȥ
Ȼ֪ҪʲôȴȻ£û̫ʡ
ǧ˿ϣ˿ݺᣬźĸɺ˿ߣֲѿֻһƬƬߵĻĵء
˴е֪ҪעʱȺɢͬĵط
ЩСǰȥʱͻȻ֮䣬ŴԶһƬأϢذȥʮֻСĻҺӿ˳ļӿȥ
Ȼħأ˸ո̤ϴ˵ʼȻʼϮɱ
ǼҲ׼һԲ𵶽Щ뿳ɱȥ
ۣۣ
⣬·𿳹вһ㣬ֻ̱뱻ȻЩܿһ㣬˸
Сģǲηֻпȥͷ­ܳնɱ
ɱ
ܿ㷢аأ׷Ҫȥ
ʱʮӰȴЩƲ׷תӸǣһһ˿ߣת֮䣬һƬʱ
һһž޴ɿڵ֯ɡ

Ǵ󾪣æԼɽݺն£ȴ˽֮Щ̥ʿն֮ڴѡ
Ȼͬ伮أɽҲնϣɵоһ
ǰǹ¾ҪˡҲǾ˵
ҲóЩȫ̹ѣǻͨ³ʿֻ¾ͱסˡ
Щļƣһ˲ס㽫һӵϣ˳Ե
ֹһЩڰȫնɱǰ˾Ŀ֮Уһš
춦
ɫС֣ʬ˽ȥ
ʦܣڸʲôЩСħûڡ
ҲΪáûϸͣȫЩսе
ȻϣЩȻոյãȴħʴѴﵽξ磬һ㷲ɱȣˣ̺Ѫ⾫ࡣ
Щ룬ܿڳһţԪ붦ס
ͻȻһƬŨ֮Уڵħӿ˳
ԭʼԪѹ
ת֮䣬ħԭʼԪϣ飬춦ף³һöħ顣
ˣЩȫѪͳͳ𽥽һѪҺ
ͣ
ħѪ⾫ȻȲãɽħҪʮֻ֮ı
Եطˡ
ɵôΪ⡣
ܿ죬һȥˡ
ħյϣʮ·һ·ϣնɱ󲿷ֶǻһصĴصġ
⣬ͨǧħ룬Ҳֻ̥֣Щ䵥Ҳ׾ͱնɱûκտ
ʵִ;Իɱħռ˻Ȼ˶˲ٵг̣óԴ˷ǳ⡣
ʦܣһ죬յΧʱ뵺Ѱľٶǳ⣬˽ѯʵ
ѾǶѯˣÿһΣǴۣǹҶٲȻԱտڲֻһζο࣬صģš
ಢ֪ʱʵѾҪϲˡ
¾룬ЧԶҪߣϾЩֻڶ࣬ԾǶԣвֻҪвǧħ룬ÿһ浹ɱ
һΪǧ˿յϣȱģЩ룬˼ÿʱһһʮ֮࣬ʬǧ
뵱ڲãɽϣһջɱħ಻ʮͷ֮ջ񣿱һǧ˿Ҳֻܻɱ룬޷ôռǧʬ塣
ңãɽϵħȻͣں쾳磬ħȴ쾳磬Ȼ඼ֻлһصĵͽףǳ֮ɼȴҲǿ̺֮Ѫ⾫ࡣ
Щǻɱ˰룬ʵ̫ˣ
ɵԽܣˣһɽפȻɽΪģԲչɨ
Ҹǰʱ䣬ռͷʬƷ֮࣬ԽԽá
ǣӡֵȻԹԣʵޱȵؼִС
ǺǣӣռЩʬȷдðһ·ݣҩмֵƵȻ󣬼ֵҲǧö񣬵ȴмһˣֻûϮʱȥռĪɣЩʬͨҪ޳ɴ󷨣
һ·ĻϣľٶҲɵЩ
ϣֻ¶һ룬ռЩʬȷдôΪ˼ͨԣȻǣԼܡ
ȻӶЩʬȤҲ跨ռ˵һַշԲʮħֻһʱ̫ħϮɱ֮ƽ˷ѷûرɣҲʵûбҪá˵
Ͼ龳ϣǺִ£ҲȽϤ
ŶкʱȤѯ
һ֮Ƭȡڻξĸ˵ʹƾϱħҲͬˣֻҪҰȡȥϢ󣬱Բʮħǰ˵
е֮ʣ֮棬壡
һ㣬棬޳
֮Ƭǻɶԣ൱һ㣬Ƿǳġ
Ҳ֪ԭϻóħǰ
ҪôһۣǵΣϿЦ
š⵹Ǹ⣬Ǹô죿΢΢һɵʵ
ǵȰѴһ°ɣҿȴȡһ˿ĩۺϽڵ֮Уȿħʹ䱾ܵҪᣬֲϴȤһ£һеİ취
ҲãܹʵֵĻͲռʬô鷳ˡ룬ͬ顣
ϵ˵ͷǱɽ֮Уʼ
ҲڼѪ⡣
ʬѪ⾫Ԫ㣬ʱ춦УԪʬͰʮħҲʮö֮ࡣ
̶̼ջ񣬾Ȼֵڲãɽջ񣬶ȫֺ
˵ͣۺһ˿ħڣǶų˴߷ܹʴ־ӵ벻ĹЧ
ʱܿȥ
˵ǧ˿ѾʮˣԸɱ¾ͷ룬Ұǵʬ˻ȻȫͶ춦С
ʬͣ˽ӽٽħ飬Ҳö
ΪЩ춦вٵԭʼԪѪ⾫ԪͶ룬ֶƵԭʼԪлνʮַ
ֱʱ㣬еԼĻˡ


422 
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Ӹɱħ֮һѦФʵ
⼸ʮ£һֱǧ˿ɱǧħ룬Ȼջʬ࣬ȴȫߣ룬ֻżȻõļöǧħ
һͨʿԣһöǷ룬ֵϼٺ»ʮʮջʵ΢
ˣЩҲǲԹԣϾԭͬ׶һƽӹ֮ҶͲŽг˾ģҲΪˣΪūҪΪЧ
£ȫʵ
ǵķҲĵòˣļ죬ԭϢѷָɡ˿ˣ˵
ǡΪɣѦФǱȭ˵
ʦܣЩȻͶЧңȴū͵ݡЩ޵ѵ
Ҳó⼸սЩ֮ҪһЩУʱڻû˵Υҳȴ½¼Ϊõӡ
ϾЩǻʿԼİ
֪Ҫǰ¹ش󣬹ϵҽļƻҲֻίЩˡ緢Ц
֮УԼһ˿ڴ
ֺЦؿ˿εصҵ뿴ʱ仨Щûˮ֮ϣΪʲô
˵꣬Ҳ׷ʣǼϰҩʦ֮ȥˡ
ʵһ仰û˵ڣҪǵǰҹȣ˿ֻ׬ˣɱħ룬ûϣȡõҲǳޣԶԶʮ˷䡣
൱ڣͬ·ʱ䣬Լɱħʮգ£ȹˡ
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ǺУ޷ҹԶǸһ߰һߺҹؾ󣬷·ʱѾͣͣоʿܹǳ֮Уһ˿ɣӶʱ䡣
գֵ峿
ǷϢץʱָȴһöȭͷСƾ
⾧鿴һˮ࣬Ѫţ·ӿʵѪҺԴиܵһصϢӿС
ӣҲѽƺˡϰչʾǰЦǺǵ˵
飿Щؿ˿ϴĶҪܹ룬Լͽⶫ𣿡
ӣ;ܷİɣȻǷǳ֮ͨСɷаյġԣûֻǸźЦ
ǺãǱһԡŰɵؽӹöɫľ飬ⶫôãָ̡
ܼ򵥣ֻҪѷעУʹϢɢȥ뷢ɢԶע෨ɴ˿ħķΧ
ǺãұһԣⷽԲʮ룬ѱɱˣ»õԶطȥԡ
޷ǻһطˣطʲôȱǲȱħϺص
˵ͷתټϢˣһͬǰ
֮ˣʮһط
˵յԵ֮ң£ûĵطÿƵı﹦ЧǱһʯڣȻУעȥ
Ȼԣѷעʱһ޵Ϣзɢܵգʱ˼ֲͬ
עܵĶˡ
ͻȻնħɱǳֵĶȻʮϤ
У
У
ܵأͻȻ緭ӿ
棡СģŲѣ
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ˣ˻ǲæЩͻħսЩǸոճõ룬ЩֻȭͷСξ綼ûдﵽ
ܿ죬֮صķԲʮɣ㱻塣
ܶûмСøӾˣһΣԶ֮ԽԽƺǧϸڿ֦Ҷɨ
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ЧΣϲ¶΢Ц
һΣͬʱֵħ룬Ȼǧֻ֮࣬о󲿷ֶСĻ룬Ҳʼֳ˳ϣ޴ħ롣
ϡԿٽһɵľ֩룬Ҳ½֡
һȺ֮УȻû֣Ҳ㹻һЩС鷳ˣڳִڷԲﲻѰʱûС
˲ɵЩţҪ׼֣ߵһһһһһģȻЩӵѪս׼
ȴʱͻȻһյƣͨΣɢų΢⡣
յƹ֮ϣֲʧѪɫʬͣ΢΢ĵһϢĵĵƹ⣬Ϣص
ĽҰأħߣƣ߸ڸϣ·ʱпܱɰǧħûȻ󳹵ױԣͷӶʣ£
Ȼ澰ˣֻ뿿ʮɣҪȥЩΣնʱЩ룬׵ȼ
⸱Σͺյʢ˷ɶ꣬δ˵˱ȼǴ˲Ϣ
ЩСһ̺Ѳͬ룬һ⣬ɸβʼͣڵ˿ҷ·ܵҴ̼һ㣬͵ը˿
ˣظҲ·ܵ˵ѹءءѿ
һͷģͷС룬ȼɺĻ棬ת۱ҷ
ĲһϢʱ䣬ҵĴ𣬱ջȫѪ⣬ҽûʣ¡
Ǻҵ𣿡
һĻϲɵ΢΢һ
ɶҲһ˿죬Щ׷ױ龰
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ʱһͷݰСǧħ룬ͻȻ˿ʯڴ
һͷصǧħ룬ȻĴڣӵеҲΪۻ룬ˣֵסһʱҵգȻոտʮ֮ʱһž޴λ棬Ȼͷ­б˳
ĸۣ·һöһöıʯĻ⡣
ת֮ͷǧħ㳹ûڻ֮Уߴ棬
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Щħʲôˮ׼Щһֱ¾˵зȨˡ
ղֻǧħ룬һͭƤǣնˣ̺ȻһʿǿᣬҲаٵ֮࣬Щֶ̥ԸҲ˼򵥡
һʿ˲Ϣ֮䣬㽫ɱˣõĻ˷˼ķʽ
ʲô
һĻɵöʵһ˿棬ͬʱҲԼʶֺΪ竡
֮վĸ߸ڸضħʬЩħ룬ףȫҵ
ȻҲΪ˸˲ʬ͵ĴۣˣǴӯ࣬ذЩʬ붦Уٶ飬ȫ
һٰʮʬͣҲǴ´ࡣ
ҵĻԽԽ񡣡
̲סдϲ⴦ħеյȡ֮֮ߵı⣬
ʱֹܿ˼죬ƺͼִ֮ĴɱħҽʬأҲѰųħע⣬Żա
ȻôҪĲʬͣܵҲнࡣ
ȵѵһǣشħȫ¾һյʱ춦еʬͣ˽ӽٽħ飬Ҳнǧö
һϲ˵Ľ֪Щʬͺħ֮У̺룬ǧħ룬ȫеѪ⾫Լʴ־ħǧʿҲֲǡ
Ҫᣬջ˴ԭʼԪȫڶס
ŷյϲãˣʼΧǧ˿һɽ
ʦ㣬⼸ҪչЩ⸽ռĵرͬʱȡʬ׼׵֮ЩӵľٶͼΪˡ
ðɡȻǲӦʡ
ˣǧ˿ӽǵĻΧǳȥʱСһ㣬Ҫ̫ǿħ򲻺ճͻȻһ£ٶһ䡣
ס
Ǳģר־ȫͶ뵽춦С
Щ죬ռʬǼˣʱ춦ָֻǧԪƽ˵ǹãʱЩ׽⡣
Ϊ˸һսòʱ䣬ذЩջңлжæûкķ̫
Ⲣ֮£ĵģǶڿռ顣
ڷƷϣμ򱦴֮ǰ㷢֣ڵı춦µˡ
춦Ƕ飬ԴȽ֮Ҫֻת飬ǱնԼ춦ʹ춦˻Ϊͨӵ顣
رվıܿµ飬ңһ㷨Ϊǣ춦Ԫ棬ʱ޿̣ڼɳ
ʱǴһ˿ٶȼǿ춦ϵɳ뱦϶ΪһΪȫµ顣
ǰɱ˶ԣ֮˱һԼҲԽᣬΪӴ֮ڶڣ׽һ
ںߣһ㷨ͬɳ֮һ˿Խͨ飬ΣΪ顣
ϣ߶·
ȻҲбףûһȷе˵ʱӱȰð춦Ϊ
˽飬Ϊ֪Զʱڣرһ㶼޸ͽ׵ıܣǸԵ񣬶ͬһ㣬ճɲģ֮԰Զŵ޸ɹΪ֮ѷѾǰ춦ͬƺѾԪӵޱߵܣܣ֮Ҳģ˵ǰδ
һ춦ȷرܶأǱ޸춦ƺҲ޸رףпܴﵽߵľ磬ǼΪҲԲֻЯɳ
⽨飬ʵѾĶˣ֮һֱٳٲжҪٹһȷ춦Ǳ޴˵
򱦴һУ춦ڵķٶָһǧУȻ¶ġ
Ҳ֪Լʲôž޵һǣпǼȡ˶ڵԭʼԪ𽥱õģ˵ԼһɾͶԴ춦ʵҲɡ
ɴ࣬˱һΪ
ȻһҵǱ춦Ǳ϶ΪһŴ˶Ǳ޴󣬾Բҡ
ЩռԪ㹻Ѷɡ
Ȼħ֮У֮ĸֻҲܷģӡ֮мķţҵδ͵ԣ뵽ԼԺ֮С


423 ˱һ
ӣ춦ӿԪһͬʱе෨ʬͣħ飬ȫغãǶһĴ·뵽ķ
ʱ֮Уһ޴ĶӰ֣ǹ㣬ֲڶӰܣƷ·飬ͣζ
ξӰռ֮УһŹâɵĹ򣬳ǰ
춦ڲɵΡ
˵Ҳѣ˵ҲףؼӵһʵķܹѪ⾫϶Ϊһͬʱ鱻ɣ춦˼һ㣬ȫںƬ
鵮̳֮еߵ־ԣɷɣԣԴԴϵز뷨ơصļ䣬д˷ȫİء
鵮֮ʩΪһոյõӤδ̥̥֮Сûзء
ʵҲҪѡʱʩΪԭ򣬾򱦴һɹ춦ڵĴָһǧ֮࣬ĽչҲӿ죬Ҳһ꣬㽫Σ׳Ϊոµˡ
ļƻɳɳȻҲּɣȻҪΪȻǳ綯Ҫá
Ϊһ죬Ҳ׼һЩŵĵ伮ͬʱ̶ӣ֪İ취ںʶƬ伫ΪƣһͬεʶƬɡ
ʶ׶ˣ飬ʶںʧܵķգǳɹ˼ˣҲʧȥң䣬ʧȥģֻҡ
Ҳ֪ԣԴõ츳֮󣬱Ҳûˣںδε飬ȴͬĶʶһ㣬ֻ˽⵽ķܣ֪ٿط֮ںʶĺ
ϾδͣһƬհס
ں飬ҲҪľԪЩԪΪ˸ֲõģΪ˴飬ʹܹ֮һ㣬ڽ֮С
ʶں
֪ĬʶԺ֮еĽ𵤣ͻȻ̫һ㣬ɢĽâ
â֮УƮȻĵǹӿȥ
ĸо𽥱·ԼѾУ޾ĵƹ֮УȻ󣬻Ϊ춦飬СڣԪӿ
Ĵݻ֮
Ԫֻش֮


ѭ
ʶʼģ
ʱ춦УԪҲ糤һ㣬ӿ뱦֮У׸δε顣
ʦܵڸʲô죬ʲôҲܲˡ
ǧ˿ϣȻʵִͣɨܱ룬һǧħ룬ɱ֮
ʵǿҲ޲ûκ䷢ֻ֪ΪΣ໹Ǹоһ˿ΣϢڻҰ֮䡣
б²⣬ԼһˣǱʲôħˡ
⼸⵺ϻɱħѪɱ¾֮ѴԶǱصǿҲȻֻڳʮ̥ʿлһλ龳֣壬ЩǿħҲͷ
ƷԽߵħǻҲԽߣȻ־ħʴҲܱһ˿ıܣǸоһȺ˲öԸӦþͲְɣ
ǣսҲʼԲˣȥҪʼ
ɫǣа˼š
Ϊ˼飬һ붨գҲ֪ʲô飬ֻһԺҲ²⡣
С㡣
Щϲɵ΢΢һЦǰ
ϡȻѣæе
С㣬ղɽָʮأûʲôǿĴڣڴ˱չǱޣҲӦĿģǺβ䣬ԼأϺǺЦҲóڵʲô
ǰ㣬һжйӺͻϰţͲõˡһֱͬɶҲûԡ
˵ģҲףϣʵңǲ̾᣿΢΢üʵ
ɫһ
ȻղŻΪ˰οң˵ûǿڰɣʵ㸽û̾ᣬЩܵڴ˻Ҳñˣȥ治֪᲻ʧ
Ϻɶʱƿԣǵû뵽ȻΪߣоȴ
Сǵģڴ֣ԽɡΪ˼ɫʵ

ӦҲǵһ㣬ģǵԼѣȻ󷢺ʩϿһۣ˵
ϣ˵Щֺγ᲻֪㿴ʦܣҲ֪ʲôԵɣչȻŪϢȫޣʶҲȫʧôܹģ̾һ˵
⣬ҲûмҿԸоõȻڣ߻ħӦòʲô°ɡЩ̫ȷŵص
Լ֮ǰ˵ҪչһֱϢȫޣȫ˼㣬ƺԺ֮мʲôͨ
ʶĻҲûм˸Ծֻ˳Ȼȴ
̾ڴ˴פأɨħʦµģǿа˴ߣȵʦѣҲֻ˵Ī⣬ͣһʱһΣգǵȲˣҪǿϮˡ
΢΢һС㲻صģˣȻ뿪յҲûʲôǿۣҪ뿪ǲѵġ
ûɻϾȵҺʦܣܼҪ֪²࣬ÿһˣĪʧЦǴЩ׶ˣԼʿûдΪ˰ȫڿȴԸ
˵ɵٿһɽҡͷ
ǰľƣʵڽѡ

˲֪ʱڼĽҪͷ
ں飬˱һ
ȫ߶ű·˶ɵޣǿаǹҲùǿںϡ
ѿƱһٶû𱦷ķֻһǿ֮ͻȻ뵽֮УʱоԼȫ·һ̶֮ˮ֮УȫͷţȻᡣ
ǿ飡ڳ״̬ǿ䷢չγ綡һĴڰɣΪҵĴƣҲֻɵˡ
Գһܿϲ
ԽǿᣬζܴеõĺôҲԽ࣬УȻһϣ
춦ǵ侳ԶԶԽгˣ飬׳꣬Լ޳ԪӤ
뷨æѯӺͶ飬ǾָܹԼ
뷨ҲǲԣͷһʶȻͬ޷ķţӵǿ꣬Ҳ޷תΪԪӤͺ֮ˮ࣬Ҳɸ̬ô˵ף
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ԭˡЩ⣬΢΢һ
ܿҲӦͷˮԪӤԪ񣬸ˮıܹɸ̬ӵй̶̬
ȻͬһԴʵʣȴǲͨģʿǿᣬҲ޷ƾԪӤֻˡˮΪһķţܰ
˷ţΪ֮ħط
ɴҲ֪һɢޣŶ룬Ҳɽ𵤾絽ԪӤɱˡ
񹦹ඥ塭Щпһ꼫ǿĽʿȻۺε޷ԪӤҵȷǳˡɵԳһЦ
꣬ɾԪӤȷһŸķţĳЩֻиʿԴͨ˭ƾͣô˻Ԫ̥ǴͷɡԼƾհⷨĻ϶ǹʿ֮еһߣһľšʵϣҲܴڣΪȷžͺطһ㣬ĳһ˴ģǰ̣һһλƵġ˵
ˡΪȻҲֻó״˽ͷ
ܿ죬ְοҲ٣飬춦ΪʵҲԭ򣬾ͱں飬Դǿʶǿ꣬ӶӵԶ֮ʵΪֱ˷ͬףʡȴ˶ĿޣٵõԪӤķɹҲֻˮɡ
ˡ֮ȰЩں˵Ժٽɡ
ʱ̰һ㣬ͣ飬뵽֮С
Ҳ֪ùȥ뺮̶һ㣬ޱȵĸоʧˣʶ֮Уѳ
棬ЩһֻСϣ뵽һ֮УȻϲʳ㣬ʳḶ́Ҳ󣬶ͬʱ㲻СȻϱ¶
ͻȻִԼΪһֵ̯Һ壬أƯ֮С
ʵ֮γɣԪӤ֮Ҳ޷ֳֻͽʿһ㣬ʶ̽ӵķţѲ߮ܡ
ˡ
ͻȻһȻȻأһصԺ֮иֳ
Щ춦İأԼÿ
ͬʱԭ춦еϵҲ·һ¾ͱý˵ǰ춦ֻһķôڣ㲻ǷǱ۰ƣȣ˫šϵһ֣
ԪӿУͷ·ӿԼ֮УԸܵϸ΢ı仯
ָоǰܹӵеģǰȻܹ춦ȴһһ㣬Ѫ·ԼһֵĴ
˱һľҺоҲ벻ˡ
ĵظһ֣Լ֮ʶõǿܹõķƺҲö
Ԫӯ񣬵ܵʶޣܹתҲֻǧ֮࣬ͺһ׳ѪӯޱȣҲþˣٴҲһȭͻգȫЩĵ
ܣһȭشǧȻһȭŰٶһȭ˰ٶ
ʶǿܹתķȻൽһǧٵ֮࣬޴ˣǸߴǧϣԼоͻȻǧҲǲܡ
һȻʲôʵı仯ǣͬתٶܹϸ΢ĿˣĻԶٵﵽ޵ʿҪǿʩչ֮ͨʱҲֱ仯
ϸĵظһԽ㡣
ȫ춦ָȫˣ
ôʱǱޣҲʱ˳ȥˣã⵺ħɱ䣬ᾫͬʱһ˱һ֮
뵽һӱռ֮˳ȥ


424 
ǧ˿ϣܲԶһͻķ籩Զȥ
վɽϣңԶŰ֮еĿԪɵ¶һ˿ǵɫ
֮ǰۿţһʮСյǷ籩֧֮飬ױ⡣
籩֮ʱ޾ĺڰ֮У·ֻεľ޴ħ֣ͣ˺ħҲֵס⸲ǷԲľ޴ơ
ۼط֣յϣһͷߴʮɣ·Сɽһľ޴ħǣƴתҪԵѳȥȴʼ޷ƶ֡
Ϣ֮䣬ͷпۼĴڿб˺Ƭ
˾޴ĴˣΪµĴһУȫ޷֮رУֻһЩõĲȥܿ죬ĺڵǺͻȻӿ⻪һ㣬ɴ
񣬷籩Ȼڼ֮䣬񱩵Ԫӿ밲Ļγ˾޴ķ
ϣǺеķ𣿡ĿⳡصĿ·籩ֱԶ룬಻ɵóһ·Ҫеȫų
ľʵ̫ˡ
˿ɣⳡ籩ǽʮ֮⣬ǽ⴦ϿȣûмܹѣЩǧħ룬룬˵ת۾ͽʳƬ
Ǿ޴вûĽӽֻǲȻԶԶȥ
ңⳡ籩γ֮мԵף֮УʱʱѹֵϢܣϵħҲ׷룬ԶԶܿпܱϮĵطȵǷѪ⣬֦Ҷ֮Ȼһᴩصľ޴Уּᶨǧ˿ԵϿջ
Ǻ֮Ҳ֪ˣʱԪӿһۼǷ֣˷֮磬Ƿ磬ӵ˺صܡ
һ˵ţһ߿߲ԶĻϣҪе֪ȷеĴ𰸡
ɫ
Ĵ磬Һûйε
ȷңˣҲǾ뿪˵أΪֹ󣬶˺ѣ⴦طпֳܻǿħһǱЩħİΧ֮УǾΣˡ˵
΢΢ͷӦˡЩɢأɱħҲûˣˣǾԶһЩ
йעԶ籩Ķ򣬲֮󣬼һɢƺвˣŴɽ
ʱȣһһĲãʿҴ
๫Ѿˡͻӭһһæ
ʦչˣһϲȿڿȥȴǶձչصڴ˳
ãӹһ⣬Щ죬
ȻǸȴͻȻ֣ƺѾ͹ȥһ˿ͬ
ղͻȻ֣ûв龳Ҳȫûв·ϢѾڣվǰҲ·Զһ㡣
Ϣƾնһ˿޵ĸо˵ȴֲ龳֣ȻûԪϢг˵ƿûͻƣûп龳
ϣʦ㣬Ǹղſȥϣôһӣ΢΢ʾ⣬Цſǡ
Ҳˣ֮䲻ͬѰϢƺѹѹ֡
ʱ֮ǰһշ籩𣬲ƺѾûˣںͻΪ籩ħӿǾ糷ΪˣʦôˣôϢ֮ǰЩͬ
򵥵һ¸ղŵ飬ͬʱ´һҲϸ΢֮ı仯
ЩչǱޣá΢΢һЦȲ˵ˣЩڣȻҪ˴Ǿټ˵ɡϣֵͷһˡ
ϵ˵ͷٳ¥ƿն
ϵǿ׷׸ϻأ֮һ˳¥ԽգԶȥ
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;Уʮͷǧħ·һȺ̥ʿȻ׽
ʱҲǵǿħԽԽˡ
ǰգϵ໹ֻǻһأǳüȫޣȴﵽζϣǧħ룬Ҳʮͷ
ûѾǧ˿ˡ
ڴǰԶ
ǧ˿ĸء۾
˼ؿ˿ԶһƬ಻Ļɽʵշ壬һ¡ķذյ£ƾɢһɭϢ
Уһһı⣬סϲĴħɱЩħԵõء
һʿɱǧħ룬Ѿǧ಻˵ûжˮ̣ΪǧħȺӵħ˴˽ţֲЩ벢ȴӵδһǿѲܹʿǳ鷳
ҪԸЩǳףʵϣȴΪص̥֣ҴδζȺжɱʮֻ룬Ȼֵ
ˣЩǻƣ뵽˼㣬ЩϵķήҲԪ˥˼㡣
ԣȴֽȻͬ
춦к֣ٶ룬Ҳܴݲȣ޷ܺƵϮ΢ˣ㽫Ȼ󣬱ս춦Уᾫʬͣڲһ˿ħҲŹȫ¶
ȻʬͺħҲ֪ǾֵԣЩǼΪ֮һĵرöࡣ
ңЩռĴҲɹԭʼԪȻͶ뵽ĴԪ¯֮У׵
һö׵¿һʮ̺ԪʮöԪȴ̺ԶԪܼ
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Ĺ֮УҲҪĲٷȴԭʼԪֲԻԪҲԽ
ͬʱתİ֮Ҳա
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΢Цǿʼ⴦طҪ֡
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ǣһٶһã໥磬ռʬ԰ʬͣʬֿͣԴ߷ҵڴ߷ҵȻǻɱħȻռʬ
ֻҪ⣬ջѩһ㣬ԽԽ󣬲ֱ࣬󲻿ظΪֹ
㵽־أȻ԰ЩʬռоסŶԭ飬ԲҹЩʬ
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һö׵ÿöȥʳˣȻ˵ĹЧڹΪ̺ԪǴ֮Գָ֮á
΢΢һЦһУö˱ǵĵз˳Ʈڿзҷ衣
лͣһû뵽Ȼݳ޵׵ǻָԪ
ǮҲܾԽӵᡣ
ʦܡεؿ˿
İʦ㣬ֵҩҶǣֻҪķʱƶѡ֪˵ʲôЦ
Ҳ֪ĴԪ¯ڵģȻ֪ʲô취ⵤҩƳ΢΢ͷһԹħȥˡ
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뵽ַ׵ľٶϱ㲻Щѽ⣬ö׵ѾǼֵʮıȴַַȥǲԪҵܼҵģ
Ҳֻܲ²⣬ǰܼҹ˵竹ӣǺ֮Ȼϰ
ôҲ˴ţܹԣȡӯȻɹۣ벻
뵽Ҳȥ²ͼˣ˷Ĺؼĺҵ
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֪ˣӡϵ˵ͷ
ǺãԺųҲʡõħô鷳ˡ
˵ţȡɽͷ


425 
ŷעУӿһɵܰ㣬·һ˲䣬ܶů
ųһ˿΢⣬ˮ࣬·ٴαע˻һصϢӿС
һ֮ǰѪϢ
Ϣ˵֮ʿһȫûɥʧܵõ൱ڵõĻԵ
ʱиӦһϢħܵ궯
һΣȫע棬âԽԽʢϢҲԽԽԶ
䣡
ͻȻ֮һڣ׵ر
һͷߴʮɣɽһľ޴ħ룬ݺݵس߱Ϯ磬ת˲֮䣬嵽ɽǰ
üһһͷصȻɽ棬Ϣȫڲأ
⵺ϵǧħ룬ЩüСͨһ㣬ЩȴüһѪ⾫ǿᵽ˼㡣
Ȼ˵ԽʵҲԽǿֻһ˲չƣİС߾޷
˶ʱиԼ·һֻֻСϣ֮еľ裡
ֻֻħ͵һ٣ɽһ㣬޴ħڣȻſ
ݣ
֮ʱƹһϯصĿ磬ɳʯֻħĿС
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һֿ̲꣬ǿʶƷʿķмҲзǮƷ࣬ǧǧȡ
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൹Ǿãһض飬ʿģ൱֮Ҫ
ʮ򡭡ԣɵһ΢΢̾ҲҪһȺˣ治װЩǷõģԣóһٺ»зȥɣҪһõıеϴ򱦴֮һʣǧȥá
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ȻѪ⾫ȫԪ
ϵϢʼ仯·̶̼ʮϢʱڣо磬ɽ𵤾˵Ȼ˳ΪһأȻȫȻ޴棬˻غ죬ڣԪϢϢϢʧȫޡ
ԪϢһеһУȫ̰޶ȵġ̡̥գԴԴϵ̥
ٲ֪ùȥ
⡰̥еһ֮󣬲ûһ㷲ȴȫ̽ɣ·Ȿһ㣬ȫܹա
Щ̥ɳ֫ԽԽ𽥱޾֮еһС˶
ȵһƾ룬⡰̡̥һڿʼڻ䣬ʧ֮С˶Ѿḁ̇̄һӤˡ
ֻ֮еġӤȻ۾˫۳һһ㣬
ϢԪϳ֣ͺ𽥾ͨ˿ʼϰ䣬Ȼ޳⣬ϢٱԪԲɣ޳죡
ղȫ෴Ḷ́⡰Ӥϱֳ
أӤɳΪһʿ벻֮ǰһ㡣
⻹ԶԶֹͣ⡰ӤڵĽ𵤣ȫڵһ㣬𽥻ɢ䵽ڵÿһ䣬Ҳ뵽֫ٺÿһ
Ԫ̥ԻɾԪӤ
ͻȻĿǱ޵͵۾
ԭղӤԪγɣֳơԪӤԪӤ£һ֮֮壬궯ѾܹѪ⣬Ԫꡭ
ı仯ѾܹоõԪĴڣܹͷٿطİԭ޷õʵһ㣬ʼֳ
ƺ˺ܴĲͬأԪ̥
ʶþһ̽ȥ
Ԫ̥𵤾гˣڷСѪԪ޶ı仯ȴ֮塣
Ԫ̥ѾγԪȻֻǳ׶εӤȴҲܹʹڲٿ泤ӵиı仯
ģǰնֽţѪطѪʹü֯ʱʿ껹꣬ǷԪ̥ʿһ֮ԪѪ⣬
Ԫ꣬Ȼû𣬶ǻһ壬ۺϵĴڡ
֮䣬û˽ޣ
ߣʱ˳׺ɱпʹԪӤӴܳȥܹС֮ϣӲд
Ȼ˷ԶҲԽ˲ٿˣһϵػľٶ
ȻЩֻСﵽһôڴ߻ԪĳɳֻҪԪ񲻶綼ܴﵽ̥֮ʱɳϣǧʼȻİˡ
һи㣬ͬʱҲǳ뷲֮Ŀʼ
һ£ԼѾ԰Ѫ⾫ʹ֮ʬһĴڣҲ°ע룬ɾĴڡ
Ԫǡ
֮תʼڡ
Ǿ֮䣬ȻϵҴǰѾ춦ΪԪ飬֮ǣˣԪֱ̥֮ӱֳﵽ˴˾۷塣
תڵ̾
Լڵ״̬⡣
Ԫ̥˼壬ڽԪ̥ķ룬ԪӤѾǳ׶ˡֻҪ·ȥҲܴﵽء
ҿ춦֮еĴ󣬲꣬൱ǰҵĸ춦Ĵں춦ӵжǱұҲӵжǱȥٶȼ졣
ԾԼҲҪ̫ãܴﵽһ
ǰһ̤żӵн߽׵ʸˣְ˱ǵҲϣﵽġ
ӵ֪ʱ֡
õӣ˰꣬һƲлȻڣѾӵ˰
Ҳ̤һЩп
ӣ۷壬طԼӿԪӤʹ֮ΪԪ񣿡̡
ҿ㲻ʲôطˣӽ޸춦һõ޸ܸԪԭʼԪΪʳ֮ҲܹģⱾõ֣µ˵
óԭʼԪƳ硣
Сѣ֪ұ˰ˣ֪ΪΣͻȻʼ֣ҵĲлꡭƺһ˿֪ʲô𣿡
ʲô΢΢һ
ţ춦Уӵܹòл긴ԪԭʼԪ̺ɵİأҲҽɱԭ򡣡͸¶һ˿Ļ
˼˵ֹЧǳʵ
ֹݹ۹ŽҲǼʶˣûطû˵ӿ϶˵
ԣһ𣬲ЩȻ
ֲáֲãԴӵ춦ƽӹĸǵʣҲǷɿ죬飬һжĹ͡
Ȼ֪Լĳɾ춦йأȴûȻС
˺һع񣬾ЩԺȻȥ˵
Ҳ֪˶죬ҴһʼʱƲˡȻѾ޳ԪӤȻȥ˵
ðѶʬˣӦûԪ㹻ϳ˵ģ


428 
뿪صׯ԰֮УʼʬȡԪ
ѷ֣ЩԪ궼żĺôʳȡԼ׳Լ
ڿʼ֮Ҫһ
֮Ĳãƾˣ½ӻҹȷأһڻҹʦڣƺҲ˲ٱһׯ԰æŵá
̹ǰϽա
ãλӣС¥ֵرȻչƾ˻вɵӹһ˿ɻ
̹롣ƾ˵
룬չ¥ÿڣȻ󣬿ָӵ㱦ۣȻպá
һΣǰҹȣг̸࣬;ڻҹҲܹ࣬µʱ䣬׾ö
Ȼ˻ҹʢ׾֮⣬в䱦ЩǻҹǴյеģܣֵҲﵽǧ
Ҳ˵һ˻ҹ֮еջܹнǧ֮ࡣ
Щջȴڳĳһ˵õģЭĽԣó䡣
չȻǱʶĵر֣ÿһ䱦֣׼ȷ˵ǰֵȻ󣬷ֱɵӱܣա
ʱȥʦͽպˣչɫһ˿ѯʵζһԵȺƾˡ
ҺϦԷȡٹѫǼÿ˶ٹѫһٹѫʣĲ֣ƽ֡
ָػˣչָϷ䣬֮䣬һɲɵơ
չȻص˵ͷá
һٶࡣһԵԣвɵӹһ˿ʧ֮ɫа̾Ϣƾ
硣һ˿ģ˿죬ȴѻָƾڶӵǸ
֮Щӵǣ̸Цȥⱼ£ԵķģҲ£ʱûȥˡ
컳£ں棬ֱ˶뿪ʱתղ˵ʲô
磬ƾֳ˷䣬Ҳ³㡭
֪ˡЩͷشĻȻȥɡ
ʵ˵ĵֺγ᲻ף£Ѿû̫ϵ̨ĸ֣ȥҹȣҲֻһĵĽɫʵڱȲƾϦˣ龳ҲʵǿŴ塢ɵ֮Уܲ·硣
ǵıӻԼһˣ߲ҹȵ㽫Ϯɱ𣬸Ҫᣬڹе֮زɼ׾ˡ
Ҳǳƾķ䣬ǳûʲôԵĵطǿƾ߸ϣٲȻһģ
ÿÿ뵽Լθһͬ̽ǻùѫ٣㲻ɵЩζ
磬㲻һ𣿡ûע⵽Źֵɫףζ鲻á
һһЩҪ̹ԼȻȥɡ˻֣Էرš
칫ӣôֻˣʲô𣿡УչȥɵЩ졣
̹һҪָ̡֪֪ܷ첢ûԼĿģżɽص
ӵ޷ĳܹæģض޲ԣ޲չɫ˵
ȻˣͶЧңЩӵܻǷǳصġ
л̹ϲӿֳһ˿Ϊɫε̽Ǹ֪ǰЩӲǺãôˣû̹ｻɱ
칫˵ģӺС㣿չ΢΢һʵ
ǡ
Ǻǣ칫ӷϤҲţǹǵĽɡչ¶΢Цͺʵ
ҲĶԲ¶ϲɫæ˳Ŀڷ˵ѽҴλϤûйãҾ뿪ȥҹˣ룬֪ӦûУû̽գ
ӲصģڹúܺãǰһճɣȻѾȥ̽ջչ˵
Ŷ֪ǴջΣó˶׸壿ܸȤʵ
һǧ򣡼ֵһǧıȫɹѫǼڹͲˡչȻһ׵΢Ц·˵źԼɵ˵л
һǧ򣡡Ƥ
֪ԼҪõĴ𰸣лչȻ˼ػȥˡ
һ·ϣԵЩɫҴҡ
չĿӰʧϵ΢Цȥ
ʦ칫ӣƺӺʦȤǵճɸʲôչĴӽɣպŶԺоղʦĶԻ˶С
ʲô޷ǾҪ֪ǵʵѣǻõĹѫ࣬Ȼƽӹ֮õĹѫ࣬ǱʵġչһЦ˵
⵹ҲǣǺвȱ𴦣û㹻ʵĻõЩҲ͡ԣɵͬ˵
ɣȰеĲպãȥһˡչͻȻɵ
ʲôһ
ȻǰѸղ칫ѯʵչУһ
ʦˡֱԣЩðɣǱϾˣô᲻칫ӣʵ
ҵȻֻ֪иԤУ칫ӣƺǶӺСеߣ֪Լƽӹ֪ڸģıֵܣˣܳʲô£˰ɡչЦһ֮䣬Ҳá
ɲĬˡ
Ҳ֪ʦ˵û칫ʮ꣬ʼ֮ʱ龳г˸֣³ʿҲһǱĺӵܣȻ̶̼֮䣬ʧܣһ۽װԼе
ǺеĸѰܹ⣬ֻʣг˸֣ʮ³ʿˣĶɢɢ龳ҲΪ֧ٺѡ뿪ұޣϣѾʧȥ˼ڴִµʸ
Ǻǰ֧Ԯһ޷㡣
칫Ӻӣĸǰ;Զһ֪
ǱϾˣҲףÿ׼ˣźͶЧҿӵǲᣬΪͬʱӵܣλҲĸ֣ǰǺ¹պģȥ飬ҲһõӡȥɡչЦ󣬱˵
ǡʦȥˡɿһۣתȥ

ׯ԰һǣ֮С
ӣ̹Ĵӣ÷ľС
̹ӣɣʲôһ춦˳
ūҲ֪⣬˵Ҫ¸֮ӣѰõȺˡ÷˵
ðɣԺ˼һ£Ǿȥ˵
ܿ죬á
ӡԶԶ֣æӭ
չ´ӣҲؽ𵤾ʿǰȴû˿ֵʸ
ѾǹȥǸ΢Сɫˣ·ԽԽԶҲӵһЩŹӵݺ͵λ
ֻһСɵĵӣʦһ£ͬΪſ͡
ض񡣡Ц˵
ˣӣǷʦ֮ǰ֮һµģ˵ұߡΪȻ󣬰ѯ˽˵˳
칫Ӵ̽ǵĶ򣿡֪ɾΪ˴¶ЩʧЦ
Ҳǲʶô֮ˣ֣µǰ֮ҲܵʾС
ˣлѡɫ˵
ҵӣû£ҾȻȥˡæ˵
ߣ͡ûɫص
뿪֮ĲãҲԺ⣬ͻȻΪʲô£
ɵ
֪֮󣬲ֳ̾ƺЩϲⰡ
òµĲ˰׶ǣλ˴ǵ⣬
¶һ˿ЦݣɵصǣǳǷٺ»пʧתͶˡ
ûᵽʹӲãҶʿΪЩ˶ˣûпתͶ˵ģ׶ˣʱʵδﵽгˣҲû̫Ŀܡ
һ㣬ǳġ
ǵҲǡ룬ҲɵЦˡ
˵δĪ⣬Ŀǰԣȶǲġ
ΨһҪעģǲϤǺԴԴϵػȡӶڴ˵㡣
Աһϲ֮ʱţʼղζҪҪȡʲôֶΣӦһ£ʵ
ûҪͲ֪°ɡܿƣңҲ˵ͻȻӹһĨɫ浽޷ʱǾͲҪҲˡ
˼·ǳԼʦոǺز죬ĸҲȣʵûкЩӵʸõİ취ͷչԼͲʵȵȡĹѫϸߣӵһݵλʱȻȻʤ
෴һĴУֻߣäĿ׷ˣԼϣпܷĽһŬ˼£Ǻ³
Ҳǳǣ֮ǰûдӦϦûóȻǵж
˭֪ͽȥǺǻ
ɱһȺͷҲԸǹӴֻҪӰ쵽ҾͺˣֻȡֶΣ󲻵ǡ
룬˵
ʦ㣬׼֮ٳһ˰ɣҲĵӴϣǺúһǺգܸɳ
˱ֽܳĻҲ⻨Ȱ
á
ʱҴҶܿ죬Ǽȥˡ
ׯ԰֮Уʬٵ˴Ԫᣬİ׶ˣʱ׼
Ƕ˵һضʢǴʱҪҵ
֮ǰѯ˻ϵˣ֣ǺлһЩطԹ췲ģЩطһ⣬ڿǵĽ֮ڣǱħǿд㻯һأʵҲֻȺ쾳߳һصħ
ȻħվҲǻξ磬ǶһЩ췲˵ʵǿֻ֮к췲֮мΪܳģϣսʤǡ
ҪôеĲܹõջ񣬶ǿٵĳɳ
ʵϣǺУ죬粽УȴвٺʦͽΪ塢ǳע˲ţһ˴ӱǽʿ
ʱ룬٣¥ˣԼЩŵӣԸȥЩֳɫ鵤֧֣ȫ졣
Щ˵ĸǲ죬Ҳ԰һʲƸ¸ôҲ˷ѡ


429 ħеɱ
һγУ˰ź֮⣬ҲԶԵļƻ
ǧ˿һУɱħȷǳ˲ٵͷҲʹԽǺħȤϵλ龳һ֮󣬾ǰԶĵط
ӣȷȥ֮ʱλžͬʱ֣ɱܱħֲռѷ죬ǳΧԲûرǿħܹʮ֮⣬ǧ˿һط㿪ʼ۴֣ٸԶ㽫ʼоشԲʱǣʦֵܼҲԹ˲Ͼû취Ӧǡ
ûϵҸǰбֶΣλǰǵġ
ǺðɣǱͬӡС㣬һ⡣
⣬ϵλ龳ȷͼ֮󣬶ɵЩп
СĵӣҲʵ̫ˡ
ȻˣǱ㾡ɡ
ϵȼˣԾٳ¥ƿնȥ
Уѭܱߵյ̽𣬶ֱӵʮĵطȥֻߣ۲繷ĵطܹΪṩʬ;
ĿĵأãһΪ޵յϢǿ׶ħȻ෱ӣȴûԵֿҵļ
ϴһ㣬߶ҵ𣬴¾İ취Ȼеͨ
ʮպ˳Ǻ
һ·ϣɢƮ·֮еһſǳ£޾ħڷӿ·ħҪг֡
˵֮УǺԭһž޴ޱȵǳĶһ㣬ϣҲͬһĶ츣أˣʿϢĳһ죬ͻȻʯײֱӰǳҳȱڣɽɭɢرѣеһУȫ䵽֮С
ٺռ޶֣ħ࣬𽥱֮ء
˿̣ħշĽ£ǵʯ޿ӣ˵ͨڤ֮
ΰ棬ħʹ䣬γ׶ɱħ
Դ˾󣬲ϵˣҲǼ߲ˣһʱ䣬ǲװ壬վڴϱߣңԶظ̾
ƺһ磬ôпҲΪ
˵ʿͨ쳹أǣվиޣֻȻγ˺ΰۣ˹񹤵ľ󡣡
ҵȷӣʵԶԶ簡
һ̣ԽظоԼС
ǺǣǺ£ôплأ
ϴӴ
ϡתЦһЦҲˡ
ǰѪӦ֮ħӿ²ħҪˣ鿴ӾȻһֱڴ˵ء˵
Ҳ֮࣬۾˵ͷ
˵֮䣬¥·Ϸӿħ·˵Ĺˮһ㣬Ӿҵط
ǺУһΪľ˳ơħ
νħÿһʱ䣬ڤ֮ħӿӱҵشӱ˽ӿһصѷ̶ټӿ죬ʱħ죬ӿпռѷΧ
˽ӽ˴Կ罭ǳһľ
ʵӽЩħҲвСգΪղӿħԭϸ΢ĿռѷҲпܱˢһЩħпܴӿֺ·ˣϸӦħٵ鿴Ǵ
ҵľ飬һʱ֮ڣħ㽫٣ǻǼӿٶȣ뿪ΪϹһ˵
ҲáΪ
ֹһʱ¥֮зǧԶղ׵ĵطٻͷʱȻѾڷ硣
Щڷһ𣬱Ũ̹ͨ쳹أĻ٣˷Բĵط
ȻѾԶħģħ̲ס˲ãɽеڤ֮磬Ȼзһʵȴͬģħͨ˻Ľ
ʱͻȻԶԶһ⣬ڴԶ
Ļı֮£ɼԶǧĿҲֱӿˣ෴ʿʶЩչܸӦǵʲô
ʲôɹˣϣܸӦʵ
ħ죬ҵʶҲܵʲô˶ܲЩаɣҲ֪ˣڲֻӴܡ¶һ˿ЦݣЩֻص
ϹԣǺǵһյأ˶Σյľ飬ÿһʿ־ģˣͨ磬Ҳδǵľ
뾳硢ʵ޹أǼתĻˡ
ܲ΢濴ȥƺˡ
ԼһѾԶΣգǵ֮أӽӽħģҲЩ棬޷ѣңԼ˹âԱȫֵħʱֵģƽʱ򣬷գȫֱӿ
Ҳ֪Щʲôˣ浹ù
ղǲߣҲҪһЦҲûгΣգԶ˵ɡ
˵ͷ
ۻƺûκΣգһյԼϣǾɨˡ
ڻϵĽ飬ȻǼ޳ɵġ
ֹ˲ã·꽫ûдɡ˴ҴҶУҪһ㣬һһ߷
һΣĿƺøˣһҳķ۷ڿŻ巨󣬲ֻ׷
棬ħ̡
ħǵķΧƺ֮ңо룬ҲȻûӳӰķΧҵǣħǴСģֻҪ⣬룬һ㶼ѡ
ڴϿһһʿķ֣żԼǿʿɽ·ƺȫҪԶ˴ա
Сģʲôڹ
ͻȻ춦У
ǵ飬ȻûлָʵʶҲԶǿħ£ѾӦˡ
תͷȥȴһĨԺĻ֮֡
ʲô
ڲ쿴ܣѣҲɵתͷ
͵ؼ⣬ʱ΢΢һҲ֪ôԽԽˣ
üͷ·šĲ
ħӿΨֱ֮Ļ£Լ߳ɲʲô¡
ֻ֮ʧǱ˵ǲִ֮£Ų·ûע⵽¥֮ʧ
ģϲǷϱضǿʿҪô˻ᣬû٣СӣпܻᷢͻҪʱ˲ɱ׼һüͷ֮ƺҲͨһ㣬˵
ˣ¶ųû٣ԣɵôΪԾ
˵Ǻƽ˼з·ԼʵǿʹһؼǿҲȫ⣬ʱڤ֮ħӿ龳ʿֻȻ˵£ǹϵˡ
Ҫ֪ħ֮УԲʿҲҵԼһܹȻġ
ʵֻʱ̣ҲñһΣգϾħΧֻҪ񣬶ҷֵõǲױȥģҲΪˣӹ·ˣ̸֮䣬͸¶һ˿š
ɫһٴθܵǺ֮
Ȼ˵ú飬Ҳûʲôر֮ԿЩ֮ͽƴȥӶƸġ
Ȼħֶ޷ֹˡ
ƺҲЩ·ڲֻӴܣԷʵֻϧˡ
ٺ٣ֳûߣҲеģǴװɱ֮ӣ׷Ȼ󣬷ǡ˿˿ȻҲͬĿ
ħ֮Уʶ裬ӦԷжٸֻ֣Ҫӽʮڣָܻ糣ˣ룬ҲպʺϿսֵ
ģʦֵܼȻ˵ݺǺ޵УҲСˣǶԷжԲĴǰ򣬶ȫˡŵЦ
ΪȻص˵ͷҲ֪ϵȼʵĪ⣬һ龳ʿܱģ٣Ҫȵ׷ɱԼִ³ǿ̫ࡣ
̸֮䣬ǵƺҪƽ⣬Ҳ˲٣ϸ¥ٶȣװħӰ죬֮˽̵ӡ
ħ֮УʵҲ֮£Ϊħӿʲô˶ֵܵģڣɶ˱ڴ棬ûгװҲƾ춦֮Ԫħңֿɼ꣬һ߻ħգͨɢ
ټϣħΧվ棬޶Σտԡ
Ȼ˲֪һ㣬Ϊ¥֮ˣܵħֺ·ܵһ㣬ؼ٣һ̹׷˲١
ϣѾ׷ˡһ仯æѵ
ĪҪļҿˣҿҵİɡЦЦͻȻĻ򣬿¥͵ؼ۷ȥ
⸱Σͺһͷ׷ͻȻ֮䣬ﷵһҧ¶˱ҹĻڸǵΣһͷ׶ͻ
Ŵλ龳أʮʿĵǺݺݵ¶
ֻһ˲䣬׷̸ı䡣
Էƺһ£ԭɿ⣬ٶȶ˲١
ǲֵģһֶΣѱǺеʿùˣеʱСʿƾ˼ضϼԷ˵
ǾǴ󣡡Цԡ
ƺҪӡ֤˵һ㣬ڲ֮󣬼ٶȵ⣬ټӿˡ
һħ֮У˫ԽԽӽ˴˶϶ԼܹԶԷηӭ˹ȥԭҪһʱľ룬ܿʧ
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430 սƷ
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֮Щңִ֮䣬׷׼Ҫ翹ȴһһ޻ĳӱɳ

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ʱͻȻҵԴһ˿ɫӣ⴦Щ԰


431 Ҿ
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Ǻеһֽ٣ԭָڤ֮ͨ󿪣ħԪԳӶγɵУоͺͺ֮еĴһ㡣
ԭΣжУûΣգʵĵĻһ㡣
˵ЩֻǸһʿװѳȥҲиʮľ龳ҲҪͷۣΪµǣһЩЩҲû֣ͨҲ޷棡
Ȼжǲǽǿһ֣ӻ֮˶ߣæ׷ʵ
Լһ˿õԤС
Ȼ޴󣬵ȴǿһ֣෴ΪǵķΧȽϴɢʧࡣȻҲĵǣȴǿЦ˵һˣ˵棬ӻǸҳȥɣ棬֪ˡ
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ƺǱͬһħ֮äĿߣ֪䣬ۼһˡ
ԭղŻǿģԼһ֮Уһ룡
ǶǺһΪ˶ħĴߣ䵽˵صˡϣεĿЦӣŻֻ֪ǺУҡǳ֮һѣڱĵطвһĳǳصģӦЩطˡ
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ʱԼһһʿ˷뷨ɱš
еʿԶ֮Ҫ࣬һЩϢǿᣬ˿ڻϵ˵ĸǰƺҲȥˡ
԰ҲǸˣô˿ƲסԼĪܵħϮͻȻһԤУȻ˵
Լ²⵽һܣֻǣ²Ⲣûеõ֤ʵҲ½ۡ
Ϊⳡʮʿ֮ҶвɿڿԶԶû֮ô򵥡
Ҫ֪ɲʲô̫ƽ֮أ洦ħڤ֮ͨĵط
ħԿٵ֮ǰڣǱл־¾ƻޣ־塭һ֮Ĵڣ˵֮УǺҶգȻḻ޾صԵʣδֲǻħ֣ʿǱʶĶ߶˼㣿
ԽǱħϮ֮ˣԽħȻֵԣҲʹĶ֮˱ѪѪ֮˱òпᣬп֮˱÷񡭡
ܣҿԸоɱ¾ܵһ˿ӰʿѪ̰֮ĸأֻ»ӷ񣡡ȻӦ
ܵѣҲȻܡ
֮ʱЩħϮ֪ħ֮γɵħħӰϾʶˣֻԣ¸ҵսǣ亦
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ǰЩ龳ʿ챦ܶ࣬ͨطҲǿ󣬵ȴδӵжԸЩħֶΣƽʱããǺ֮ѵһˣֻ߿¾ħйҲֵ˷񣬵һ֮أĿ˱ɱΪо޴
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ϸǼ·ֽ棬棬׽
ֻֻɰɫɵޣ̳µƣſ˴ڡ
⥷࣡
Ͻֻüһһ޳˽ȥ


432 Ż
ϵ𾪲ͬȴһ£㷴Ӧˣ̱ӦԼ˷ͨĿռ֮Уܶ춦һգޱ޼ʣȴһ˿߽ѭ
һ޾ʿңȴΪ侲ٳףµ۷·Ȼɣڡ
ͬʱ˺ƣһ⻪Ժڰ֣·һ㣬ɨ;Ŀ־塣
󷨱֣ûöϢϸʶӦΧ
˿̼춦飬ٶǿ֮֮ʶѾһЩ龳ʿֻΪǳ޷֮ѣˣʶҲԶһʿǿ󣬺ܿӦ⴦һƬĪռ䣬ƺǱԷ۶ɣ鲼żѪ⾫֮
һһĲԼԺ֮ԪӤһ㣡
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УһΪĪ֮쾫ʱʵ֮ת֮
ﵽ磬ʿѣѾȴԪΪҪֻһСȣǵԪ̺֮Ѫգʸԡ
ˣ񾳽ĸ֣̥һԪϣ̫Σ֮⣬ƼС
طླԷԼѪȵʣۺһ壬⻯֮൱һʿƵⷨڼԪ񣬼з
޳ɷླʿԸһѸƣ̤׷ԪԲĴ
磬ĳһʿƽӹȴ˷ླ磬ٷѾǧ࣬ѰһԶ֮Ѫҳɹ֮ɷࡣ
˺ܹٻ࣬Ԫͷڴ˷֮УԷΪ
˷Զ츳Ҳܼ̳йӶӵ
ܵ˴޸̺֮żΪԵϢ֪Ǹķࡣ
Ҳһظ֡
ҵ𣬸ҷգ
ӹһ˿ɫȫ߶źƣʬȥ
ҵĴ𣬶ʱпռ䣬һУɺڡ
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⥷Ȼ·һ㣬ŤţȻڴʱŨһİɫȻӿ֣˱λֵĵط
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ˣϣһӵףȴǼѣųֵķѾ󡣡ԣЦ
Ҳ֪չԼɸ֮УضһЩɿõرЩᣬкᵶᰮѶȽϴȴЩкϾ׻á
ңӶ춦к𲢲ֻ̫ҪԼעڲк֮ϣԻȡˣΪЩƴƴ
ǵҲǡϼԼ鲻Ȥ󣬲һ㷨ҲЦЦûټ֡
һ˺ܿ뵽ɸ֮С
֮ãɸ֮еһУʱţˣϵ˴·ǰ⴦طȴƺΪҩ԰ɽȣֻһƬȵ棬˸ʽ滨ݣ㶼ҩ˱ǣ磬¶ΪĹЧ
ɽüʶȻ֮죬ǧɽ֮ҵҩȣԶɸĹо·ľ󣬸ϵͬɢˣ̲סһ
Ҳɵöһۣĵװͬ
ȷҪɸȺɽ֮У׼ȷҵôһطǺҴܹģɸСأȻֻСأȴҲﷶΧĿĵεҲҪѲ̵ʱ䡣
ǻƽʱʿдѹ˷ѣ˯һҲҹͬ̽ɸľһ֣Ҳһ㽫һһ޶ҩˡ
ֱͨ˴˽ӽΪرҲ˺Ƥս
ԣһζջ
ӣС㣬ȲæժԴɼأҵķҲװ£ң˵صصףӵдػҲôץġû̾ɢˣȴǿ
˵ͷֵʿǵûУȥժɣݣҩͳһռ
ȻЩ˵ĲժܻƻһЩϡֲҩЧΪڱǰҲֻܰǵׯһոˡ
һֱͲãʿǷȥժ·ҩ
ǼݣҩҲ𣬲ͣǬװš
ʱԿˣЩ˶ӵٵ԰ᶯڽľʯһЩɽ嶼ڻ£ڴ˵أȴƺܵط򣬽ץȡҲֻܰĶһĶذᣬԵΪ
ڣҲнһʮˣת֮󣬱ѽĶҩεþ⡣
ǻ治壬۸ƵɣݡҩɢһæҲǲˣȥᣬȻϵҲ֪ʱǾԲֵģղ¾ҪŹͺͺĻɽˡ
ɢ˴ʿϾĲ࣬һЩ³˵ĵӣյЧԶԶ磬һ̶ĹҲֻǧĶ֮ࡣ
ߣǵһƬҩȥ
ϷЦһӣһɽȥ
ǿɶ֮ɽȺˣѱǰգǿµøı䷽򡣡
ϴ뿪֮һȺ龳֣Ÿӵܣ˴˴ҩȡ
ǿͺͺĵ棬ʯҲ¶һĻɽɵðԿЦ
µҲ֪ԼһȺһˣҲѹ֣ǼȻѡ˽֮ɵıǾͲҪùˡ
ǣȺѸȥ
ϣˡ
ɽһ߳ЩԶȥӰɵЦ
ӣ˰ɣǺУ¾˼򵥣ֻҪˣۺʱ򣬶ܲսʤϸߡ
һȺˣô᲻⣬ԣǼ˶򣬶Ҳô˻ᣬһЩǺԼ׳ɵĹء
ԭϵĶ֣ǱҪǲ˶ֵģ֪Ҳ׶֡
һڶֵȦᱦȳ˺ƽ㣬һݺҩѱã̱ת뿪¾żȻ
Ҫﵽֲսʤľ磬ȴôף٣ҪɱպһԻ˵ˣˣϣǸȥɡ
ãɸ֮в滨ݣǵþǲɼꡣ
һ·ϴ˲ٵطȻɸ֮еҩĲɼ롣
ʱ֣ϲرҩ֣ȴǿЩҩģϵĽͣ˴磬ͬݣһܹӵͬƷࡣ
룬Ҳ
Ҫ֪Զɸδ֮еҩǸպôﵽɳ£˲ժʱ򣬻϶ҩʢ֮ʱҲЩҩı棬һΣ´αлɵˡ


435 Զزأϣ
֮⣬֣Ͽ֮󲿷ֶ޴󣬵ȴƽ֮û뵱Ȼһ㣬רȥЩϡ
ϣȴΪΣЩ⡣
ӿ֣ʦΪβȥժЩϡ滨ݣʣɹһЦ͵Ҫ֪Ҫľһʱȥ˵ЩҴ˴ҩҲ֮ͨҲֻȡʤ
æһ㣬ԺлᣬҲȷжƣȡԼˡ
룬ðһķգȥЩһڵϡݣȷЩǡ
ë߲̾
֮⣬ˣƺҲĬĴѹΣһʱ֮䣬ɸüȮÿһطÿһأѱ顣
һЩ˷ʱ䣬ջٵʿɵÿʼǲȡ˽ȻͬķʽǱǽɸֱ֮Ҫۡ¥ĵıԶ˵رȻʧǣЩطȻһЩֵȴԶԶû֮Ҫ
ǣΧĻɽҲʼѰ˹ιĵƤҲŹҩԱ
ʱѾвɼ뿪ˣںҲǵ¡
Ҳ˰ɣͣϢɡ
һ칬ԶɽϣкʿͣϢ
ѹεƤȻʲô£һ죬ȴҲ˲¿ʼ˥֮ơ
ͬʱҲ˽ճϽʶѲ߮УѼ
ȻЩݺҩ󲿷ǲϵõģԣӵϵȼλḻǰ׵˺ɵˣϳо󲿷֣Ҳͷĵؽǲ顣
Ǻǣջ񲻴кܶ඼ϡҩġϿһϲʤ˵
ӣֿ֪ƽɫСǷмǲݣ鵤ӵе壬֮ͨЧˣÿֵöҩ¡
־ǲݣҲ˵ͷƺ֪֡ϲԵ޹ʽԼʶҩģɵ˼
ƽʱֵּöݣҪ˵ϺͻϵˣԼȻ˳ɸ缢ƿʵĴѹαʱȴ߻۵شǲժݣҩ۹ͼʶ
ɽҰǲݣҲ֮࣬ң㲻ȥãҲΪ˲šͨеɵŷذԵͷһ˵ջ񣬵ȷС
һҹ֮˺ʿǵķҲָ˴룬ǱжٴǰҩȲҩ
ʱһ۱㿴ɽ֮Уҩˡ
Щͬʱɸ龳ʿҲһȴջ΢ǰ򵽸ҩϡ
Ҳ֪Լڸ޲˶ٱˡ
ԶԶЩǰʿЦ
ѾٴȥˡϵȼȴǴüͷóǷǳϲ˴
ֻЩǰҩڶ࣬ҲúӸ档
ôٲһգȰϽǼҩ˰ɣѾطҩժ룬ٰǼɹ⣬˵Ҳˡ˵
Ҳãԡϵ˵ͷ
˻֣ٴǰ
һǱûбҪΧˣȥ̽Ϣ˶ûУ洳ôˡǰϽ壬ͷһ
ӣˣݱЩԴӽ棬ҲûгҲ֪ǻʿ˵
ãţǧҪŹЩ˵Ķ򡣡˵
ǣӡ˵
ǺǣӣļɸΧúܣҲзУЩûô״дңﷶΧȫʶƿ֮УдЩĶûôǡʿĶԻ˵
ϼЦˣҲǶãʧѡؽ͵
޷ôҲǶԵģϾɸ֮УôСҲΪϵ˵ǲΪ⣬ҲоǣЩ
ϾЩʱʶҲǰſڶţȷһʧ
ٹһգȥĲҩˣ󲿷ֶѷˣֻʣһСˣȻȺ滨ݡ
ֱʱɸ֮оųƷֵ滨ݣУҲȻռ˴ϡ
û˺ǾֻЩʿȺҴӵĻ龳ͽ׵ʿҲֻ񾳽磬һǱǺ޼ɣ˸ǡ
ңϵ˵ͷȺۣǲΣ֮෴ҪȻժҩģûôףɹƬɽͷ⵽㲻ҲҪѾࡣ
Щ鷳֮У˱Ǿٶȡ
Ȼûʿ뿪˵ҲǰѰһɽͷеջ
ڸ棬ң֮ãǵһǰժˣҩʮ㣬ҩҲѣȫƷ
ִֹһ£гҩýǧ֮ࡣ
ϵĵĲЩЩϡȱҩģЩҲֻйɲŻֲѾ
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ȻⲢʲôرĹЧʤָܹҶʿΪ棬ÿֻҲʮö
һΪ˲ιǧ꿪ǧǧ죬̺֮֮ߣ꣬ʹʿҲʮ֮ࡣ
ֹʵɶҲֲ̫࣬꣬ԻֲʵǴ˵֮еһϣҲӤһΣǼΪǳĵϣԼģΣˣӵмΪԵԪЧÿ˳öٸ򣬸Ѫ֮УҲƺһɹɵĻӿ
˵ʳöĹЧ˥ڼȫˣǻÿ˶лԪлǳ
һҲŷ֮࣬аöʵ
ȻмûгֹԣֵȷⲢӰ֮
һЩƶҩҩģ硰ݡ֮еļƷݡİĶЩһͬص㣬Ǳ֮٣ǻǮһܹ򵽡
֮£ʱ̽ãóԶŵʵ̫ͨˡ
ϣЩ֪ϴô䣿
ִһ⼸յջ֮ɵʵȻǶҲܲЩ
ʵʦֵܼ֮УʦʦƵҩҪһϣЩҪһЩˡ룬˵
û⣬֪ǰҪ١ԥص
ҲҪֻ̫࣬Ҫɱˡæ˵
Ȼջ֮ʱԴݽãЩջȴܲĶ
Ҳ֪մ֮飬ҲȻӦʡ
˵ףЩȻֵƣȴ־ڱصõıܹһЩȡϵ˵ĺøУһ¡
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֪ϢϵˣȴǵȻͷȻҲǸӦ˴뿪
ϣҪҪȥ
Ȼ콵رе߾֮ϵȻһЦĲп
λϵ֮⣬΢΢һЦʰøװƺƵӦȥ
ʱһ˴֮뿪ʿ
Ыˣ
ȵǵʿϲɵЦЦҲãʡˡ
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ʲôҪչʾеջ񣿡ʿǵһΣɫɷף÷
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ƾʲôƾʱ㣡Ыһ˵ţһ߲趯һеĳֻֻһαһ쳤ɣܵĲϡ
ʿʱɫŲ㡭̫
СӣǶڶпֱ꣬ɣɽɣȻɵĻ˵óڣǸǺʿʶĻʹʹ˵ȥЫûи˿ּۻ۵Ļᣬ˵
ʿһڻԵֵƣԼϵջȡ˳
ԭʿõıԶŵȻȫѾһƷף۵ƣзϢԶ϶ӵ޸ļֵ
ʿʧȥر׼ȴϣЫ˿һۣһЦ⼸⣬Ҳֵڣ˷ʱ䣬
ʿûأȻЫ÷·Եγˮɫȴֲɵٴζһ£Ų·ȥ
Ŵ˺ʮ꣬ҪЫ˸Ƶˡ
ЫϹ˴ֱħħΣϵȼЦ·һ־硣
ߣڼܱ٣ǴѱջŵأЫתͷݺݵضŸ̸̸ϵˡ
ϵɫʱأû磬һʹ˷ɵһߡ
˵ûΪţȴҲѱرǿʳ硣ȴؿ˳Ыһۡ
˺һʱ䣬½ʿзɳȻǴ̽ѰЩˣһܵͨʿʵĴЩȻй辭ʿˣֻΪչʾһȻ㱻С
ȻҪôû칬֮УҪôѲµԼסرǿҲȥȡ
ߵĿСҲûС
ϣôȷЩ뿪ʿûҿЩΧµͨʿ顣ãͻȻһ֮
ӣû飬ǰʶ̽ǬȥˡЦŽ͵ǻѾõı򣬶뱦ϲߣϵҲܵױܷ塣
ʲôЩ֣ͨȻܲӵеرٸд㵡
ԭǱŸۻ̬ԹۿϵĻȴЩˡ
Ҫ֪Ҳӵرѱᱻ˷֡
İɣӣҲʵһ֣аرϵģǵ֮˵ǼҲúñ㣬غǡϸܵ仯Ц
ҲɵЦЦȻҲԼδˡ
ȷ˵Ѿյķµõıǲͬġ
һգµʿԽԽ١
ͻȻ˿ܣȴǷ֣۵ˣˣЫˣľˣԵˣƽˣˣˣˣӵˡ֣ͨԼͬشӸϹˡ


436 Զزأ£
ڶۣŽŶصգ·ʱпܴ֣ս
Ȼ÷·Ǿĳ֮󣬿ʼ巽ȥɸͬʱҲǲбĵط
Щжĸǣѹ֮ԼͬĿ˴˴
ȡƾ¡߰ɣҲȥҪˡ
žصĹâ˻֣һȥ
壬ӳһռĶľ޴󹬵ɼ¥࣬ǳһ޴
͸¥֮䣬ڶԺŸֹͻܵԣɺף԰ļɽ̨ͤ
һ֮ׯ԰
Ӧ˵׽ΪԶ֮ʱ˾ɽ߸ɴ¶ޣ޶ϧ࣬ڷ絲ֽ̨꣬ͤ¥͹õĽգˣ˲ſʼס˷ݡ
ʱǰģԶɸĵͣڴ˴ɸұδй滨ݱüΪǷ¥Ҳû̮ưܡ
Щ칬һĹԶ֮ʱ£һ۱Դ¿Щطǹ֮ЩǾ֮ЩϾ֮
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ȻǵĿ֮Умֵıһ㡣
ӣ˴˵أǴͷ£ͬУλʦܣȥҪȡȻ
뿪Ҳ˵
ԡû
ǺãʦܣҲˣȥ϶˵
֪ˣʦ֡ϣϣϣϵȼЦ
Ǹıߡ֮뿪ĿⲻɵͶϡ
ָԶһط
۾΢΢һȴǴطλ칬һǣز󣬵ȴڷżͭĴ󶦣Լߴʮɵľ޴«һĻ𹵣بԡ
ǵܿƾ֮еһЩϳǴط
֮࣬ϰաһ±ϳǴطϲɵص˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ԶͥɴȻɣǵʿͨսսģħҲרŵͥ콫ȥ˱׹ǰ㣬ϰ֣֮黭աһЩԶʱš
Զɹʱڣĸ֣͵ȫͬڹɵԶʱݣС
˵ɴ಻óսȴ֮̽أ׷ңΪƷҩҲΪԪҪܹзһЩҩЧдɵĵҳǾͷˡ
ӶԹҲв˽⣿ѰҲǳԭ򣬲ѡ󣬱⣬ҲпܳرǿЩ̽ȥ￴
ãϣ롣
ȻǲӦʣʿѲص¯ҩ
ܿ죬˰ڵзֵĶ˳
Щʲôʵ
ӣһֵ¯ߣ¯кʮߣҩʮöǸԱԼջʿǣҲңϽ˷֡
֮ǰ˽ȵǡͷ˼һͻȻ˵
ԼãĻʵ
С㣬֪Щҩ͵¯ڵ֮ڷŵģҲԶ֮ʱǹر֮ãҩѻӷЧˡԽ͵
ԭˣ˵ЩнʿôŹԭҲ֪Ǽֵ󡣡
ʵԶɸ֮еıƷԽߣԽױ񣬶Ʒײߣױ棬Ҳɸ֮ջ࣬Ŀر޼ԵʣԶţһĶȱĶмֵ
ԣһп
ʵϵ˵ĲΣѾٿЩͨҩˣԣ֮󣬱ʹȥ֮Ĺ㳡
ʱͨ־ۼղ뿪ĻϵҲƺѵǡ
ɽ͵ǼˡһħɫƵ˳ؿǡ
˿ִ֮дżֲȴּɵϵ˵ʵûбֳκε⡣
ֻɧѡ
ˣϵȻҲ̫⣬΢΢һЦλѾ׼ˡ
ȻԼԶɸ֮зص䣬Գ¼մŵ֮ʱһ˵
ףЩǿ֮䣬йԼ˵ⲢҪԼĶиԼ׳ɣγĵĹ涨
ɸ֮Уջ񣬻Щǧıأ࣬ȴҲһʱˡ
ϣæɣǵĴȥһ㣬ҲɵЦЦ˵
֪Щ˷ջ񣬲ûôɴĴߡ
ҲãǾɸ֮ѰǧǵãҪ뿪̫ԶҲҪվӦ
ǷĵģϾЩҲ֪ˣǺԱ֮
Ӧһ࣬ɶ׵ˣɵ˵ˣ칬ǰй䡣
ϵ֮ͨ⣬ɸģƺвɵɢޣЩ˾֮ʱۣоöԸȫҡͷʶȤ뿪ˡ
ƽЩ켣Ǻĸ֣Բ˳ֽһѣ˲öԸһ۾ܿó飬Ҳν֦ڡ
ͻȻеһתȥȴʿ֪ιʣڿ
ʿƺ񾳸֣򶷵Ʋ˷ԲͬһЩԶɸĽȻ
ƺʲôˡ࿴һͻȻɸ֮зֵıδعأ龳ʿȴķᡣ
ԣҲɵΪ֮һ
ʦ˵ȷЩ龳ʿභֻΪ˴̰ѰһڣҪõı˿Ƶķ߸;
Դ԰ټ龳ʿ۴˵أȫס֮ÿ춼ڷ˶ɥˡ
Ȼ龳ֵ࣬ҲвмսܣҲڱ˽ӣ磬ӹԼķླ֡
˼֮ʱ򶷵һʿͻȻ׵߷
ʦܣСġæ
һɿܿȴʿţصײ˹㳡ϡ
¡һ㳡ҳһɵĴӡ
ԭ˲ײǱ˴ɣܿƵ¡
Ҫɱ˵Ĵ򶷷ΧѾһƴɱݱΪ֮಻ɵ¶һ˿âص
ǰֳôܼرأҲͬˣʿĴ򶷣Ѿһ֮ķΧݱΪɱ¾
ǿ߶ߵɱ¾
Ҫˡ
ǰƲ¶ף׷˶׵ĵôͲ֪أǵرĲҲˣƫƫԼĳл֪ҿ԰
˭˵׼أô֪ڰԻҪ˶ֻ֣û뵽龹ݱ
һʿűˣڱ֮ǺѪۿűҪܣԹۿʿ̾Ϣ
ҲǸŽɸˣΪ˲ƱΪ˻ˮ㡣
˭֪ɸܹлȡĲƸޣֻаЩƸе˴ѵĴա
ۿһ󣬲֪ôע⾹ȻƿתԹߵϡ
ʱۼڴģ඼龳£ִĲеıԼһ㣬ĹӣС㡣
ǼȲ֣ͨղز뵽ص䣬ķ֮УҲɢһԣеһˡ
ͻȻһаһöħ飬ɫħȻΣӵصɢ˿
ħ
һٶ÷ǳأټħڤ֮صĴڣ㲻ױ˷֣ˣʿ޴Ӳ
ǰˣҲ졣
ƺҪˮ㣿Ҿٰˮһ㡣
Ц
ʵԴӽɸ֮ʿԿƣˣЩǺִµˣȫӵһʵͷԣǱҪȻվ
ӡ֮УǺʿգǼ䲻ģҲͨȫսʤ嶯ԵʣǺʿһǲηգҪΣ֮лȡ޴ĺˣûһʡ͵ĵơ
Ļ£ǵһһضǾ˼ǣԱܿ޴ڵգͬʱҲʧ񣬱Ҫʱ򣬸Ҵƴ
Щ˵飬֮еĶͽƽʱǣթޱȣؼʱ̣Ҳһǧе
Ҳ֪򵥵ֶΣ޷жп˵ļޣգԼҲδعʸ
ϾԼϵһ㣬ܹǺк޼ɵ
͵͵ħϮ֮ˣõѡˣԼӰæǲӰ̫ʦϵˣܵħӰ죬ҲֻǱʶĸ򣬲ײϣԣҲûбҪġ
аػģȻųħ֮ڳˣرô
һΪµʿܵӰ죬ֻҧҧȻԵͬ鴫˵ЩʲôͬΪĶſд򶷵ˣ׹һš
һƺǻᴫȾһ㣬ܿ죬ΧһЩʿҲ˽
ħҲ̫ˣֻ˼öħѾǱĬӰ졭עⲢûͶڴ֮ϣעԹߵı仯ɵðľ
Ҫ֪޷Чħ飬ֻǰԭħȻϡͺɢ磬Χ˻ǲɱܵһ˿Ӱ졣
ȻӰҲ΢΢̫ԣ˲ǽöħ֮󣬱֡
ʱ龳ʿභҲֳˣܵ龳ʿƺûֶΣܿͱ׷ϡ

صһ£ʿ㱻ĳһ̯Ѫˮ
񣡡
ǬʤһãץС
ʱʤȥȻ˼ûкϷɿ뿪
Ǻɸ֮УҲͨѰϷ룬û˿֮ȴصЦһ£·ƵģǬ˺бȫɢ䵽档
ַҩ񣬸ɫĵرȫǰ
⸱Σͺһͷ͵Ķ񻢣òɱһͷǣ̲סжѪʳĿ޹˼ɵؽ˺
ŵֵı˷Ц״ħ
뾫ѪȻ뾫ѪȴϣԱΧ۵һʿȻ󾪣һƽ˳
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˵Ĳƺδֶסһ㣬طţʱСĳϡ
ųޱȵ̰â˵Ŀ⣬֮ͶǵΪʤʿսƷ뾫Ѫϡ
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Զ֮ʱΪϡеʥޣȫԲ侫Ѫ԰ʿоȫ뷨࣬Ӷӵ޵Ǳ
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Ѿ޳Ԫ岻ӵ㣬ֻľѪԪķʽȵȫţŻȥ
ܣʱȺ֮еļͨҲڸ׹¶

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ʿҽһʱͱһķɣصˤڽγɵĽ֮ǽϣȫǾ顣
뾫Ѫ㲻ֵַͨǰȵ
ҲҪ뾫ѪҪĻ͸ȥɡڽ֮ǽϵʿȻȻЦ
ƣλῴףԼرȻ˹ߣֻҪһ뾫ѪУһûа
˹صıȷСܹõġ
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еһŷŵİʿӣƺǺͬŵˣ뾫ѪԼɵ΢΢һ
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˵ףһĶ֣ǺΪľķԴĵر뾫ѪֱôܷŹ
˵ֶͨԴﶼǿп޵̬ȣСǺܸȤĻǱֻɢ־ڱصˡ
˵ǱҪıſɵ룬ĸ
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˷׷׶󣬰ԿϧʱҲɫݺݵضס˽⸽ĺڷ綴
ʵѾڳʿڣȻħӰǣʹǷ׷뾫ѪۿţЩ˾Ҫ׷ϵʤʿȻһҶĻҴսˣȴû뵽·ɱһڷ綴
ʱҪ֣Ѿû˻ᡣ
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ǰæرʵ
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ڷ綴һ֣ͨȻҲ˼ͺ±˳ЦɣʶĻԹ԰׸ӡ
Ϻ͹ϣʮشЦ


438 ʧ
ϣϡԴϲ
λԢⲻԶȻǰ
ӣģڣ˭ҲװжߡתЦŶ˵֮У·ѽ뾫Ѫ֮
ǣڷ綴׹ʢȴԥ
ڷ綴Ҹղ˵Ļ콫뾫Ѫ
ߣƾҲָʹңڷ綴ӹһĨɵȴӲ
Ҫǿᣬԡûֻǵؾ
Թ˾ԺȻû뵽ڷ綴Ҳбвʱвɵôùģʼ˷ȥҪ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ҲֵƣȻͨǰᣬǾͲǿԲġ
֣֣뾫Ѫ֮һҪ£δ̫Ե˰ɡһͨʿ˵
ڻϺ͹ϳֵʱһֱԹۣȴҲòˡ
ͨʿȻû˵֮УȴҲ¶ͬ
ղӲ˵콵رе߾֮뾫ѪУкβɡȻһЦ˵
Ӻͺڷ綴˵Ļԭԭػ˻ȥ
㲻Ҫ̫뾫Ѫҵģڷ綴ɫһãĬãȴͻȻ¶һ㣬ٴαü
һѽз뾫ѪץסĿ֮£һ«״ķ֮УȻ󣬷պã˲ʧǰ
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ֺڷ粻ܹԸʿʶԪҲһܹݻ٣ԵʿԶȡʤ
ڷ綴ó֮ȷءԣɵðԵͷеϢ
ٿϣȴ򶨣˿ϵĵӣпȥٳ˷࣬ǰһˣѹ
ԴݻʿʶԪĺڷ磬ηȻжԸֶΡ
ʵʵỤ̃ԪҵײţԲһϴڽ֮УɸΧյʱһǣͣ·վ޶ȥ
ϵķһ޴ʵ䣬òģ壬ֹ֮䣬ȴֹЮ֮ƣ·Ȼķ籩
ֻһͷڷ֮󣬷·͹ε磬պһһƵĴںڷ֮ϣÿһ£ŨĺڷͲһ¡
û֮еѤ׳ۣȴӵ˼㣬˳ǰսЩӵʽȴƺΪЧÿһŨܺڷ֮󣬱һ΢ɲľʧ١
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²ΪҲṳ̂ܿ˹̡Զɸ֮Увٱȥ֣׷뾫Ѫ塣

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䣬һת۱㽫𵤻롣
ʵԴӽɸ֮ͩɽԼҺŵӱѾͻˣ׷ݸԴɸ֮ĴѰʱмĵӣˡ
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ٵ뾫Ѫ֣󲿷ֵͽʿ̰ȼìܱҲ񣬷׷ð˳
ѾõĲԼһܲŵӿɵΪһȣ㽫նɱ
ȻҲնɱ
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šһţԼŴɣͿҵȲɣǣҼУɱǣ
ɱ
ع֮͵˼ĲԼӵܣ׷װγȥŵӴս
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޳ܵðһɱ˫ʿһǬ䣬뻳С
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ÿһǬпܴһʿı³ʿгʿʮ
ɱ龳ʿпܵõǧƵĲƸ౼껹ǿ
ͨʿСӵܶԣһǺе̽Ѱаջ㲻ˣ̯ϣſٺ»Ҫߴϣǹӡϣһÿ׬ȡĲƸҲʮѡ
˾޸ܷŹ


439 
뾫Ѫգ˷δȥȻּɱϡͿս֮УĶ͵ʿǣûмֵܹסջ󣬷׷׼롣
ʱʧأ

һҶ֮УһԼϮķɽȻۿȥ˻Ƭɵɫŭ˼㡣
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̫ˣǿɱΧҪЩ³ʿΧסˡȴû˿ŭı֣ÿ¡
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˶ѾɱˣԴУҪܶԷ˭ȸɱȥ˵
ȵ
΢һ£ʼվЩԣ˵쾭壬Ҳֻհ졣
ңˡ
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ڳвʿȥɢѪ⾫ȫȻ춦ȻѸתΪԪ
ܵЩԪӿ룬ϱȥһ㣬ɿذԭʼԪת
ǵȻǶǻ۵ʿƽʱ޳֣ҲǾԪתΪЩħһ㣬Ȼǿᣬȴ̺ħʡ
ȷˣħྫѹħˣǵѪ⾫Ԫ㲻ЧԶԶЩʿ
ͶпԻ䣬ڳʿѾˣʱȥĴǸҴĸӹµʿһĸִ໥ǣƣûгֲ
ԽԽ˷ȴɱ¾ʼ޷԰Ρ
⴦طɱˣζűɱ
ԽԽˡҪǲ˳
üͷٹ춦еԪʿǳء
ħ֮ʱܿԼˣȻһƬңʿȴûܵӰ죬ֻǺԭе΢ħϮȫ΢΢Щ˷ܡ
ӣЩսƷҪҪ
ܲϳֵʬ壬һЩĶѯʵ
һԲ󣬴ڿʼǰǵ֮⣬˶ᣬҲ뵽սȥûУף֣ص
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ȻҲûţ۹ս֮ʱȻȡµǬ
ûע⵽ǣʿԽԽ࣬ΧħҲԽԽŨ
вɱˣƺǣԼΪζɱ
ֻһ˵ķͿƣֻƾейȥÿ⣬ֻնɱѪ滺֡
ԽѪԽǿ⡣
ɱɱɱɱһУ

һʿ̥ʿΧŰ𿪣ȻȻսš
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ԭһ֮еͨɢޣΪҶΧʿòмֵܵС
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ս֮УжλܹսţӶܿЩȺȴһֱӶȺܵȥ
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Դ̴ʿĻ˼ʿ꣬ʤǿĲֻɣпװ
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áȻû顣


441 
ϵ븮ȥͻϣϣɸ֮Ѱ
ʱɸ֮Ѿû̫ĹرֻһЩɢкʾЩһȺʿ롣
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˵ףҵݵλԶԶذҲֻǹѣûбҪ
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ʦܣ㲻ǵȥôôֳˡ
ڴУγһŽ棬Ƴɵʵ
뿪ǻ𣬾˵ҵȥˡ˿ܣȻ
ΪأҲ֪뺮صĶԹʵ

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ҲԼµˣҪ뿪ضβ溮صˣû̽ȡϢҪסϵˣضϡ
ҵȻ֪Ҹȥǿѣ鲻̫๦򡣡˵
бҪ𣿡ԣɵԥһ¡
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ҲΪˣҪһûбҪ
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ע⣬еһУ˽ȥ

Ϻâһ⣬ʧѷ֮ڡ


444 ̥
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ϸҲ֪ħΪڤ֮ħԴͷ
ԽԽŨħ
ʲô취ȻܰѿռѷڣãѾУĻҲزˡ
ĪıãкȻ֪ﲢǵеطһܷ֮浽˴գѷֹرյĻԼ¾Ļزȥˡ
⴦طϴԼ죬Ӳãɽڤ֮мشҲ龳ϸߣˣ˽ʱʱǰ
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˵֮Уħ֮һȪţרԹǵĹһܣ޳Ԫ񣬿ԳԶεʿĴУֿܣǺڰ޳
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Щ󲢲ֻǵ޲ԼٶȣŷȫԽԽĹҲڻָ

ҲѾ飬ΪԼ֮ĲƷȻʱ򣬶ҪʼѸˣʱգضܹǣҲѴ˶ɱĻᡣ
ڣ᲻飬ȴԼÿһκоеԼõ˼棬һַĸо
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׷ɾԴͷȴȻ֣Ȼӱʱ㷢֣֮󣬲仯
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Ľһ󣬱˴֮䣬ԽԽԾ
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ĽٴȫնǿĽɢ˿Լÿһֻ˽£ķС룬ͻȻɫһף˲

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ʦ壿ˮϲؽеˣ
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456 иϣ
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ߣһƾո֣Լĺɫѷ˸ɿ֣ûÿкһ㱻û֣Ȼ
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󣬻ûж֣߲ԶĻȴͻȻһȣҲκζ׹͵ڿɢԵԪҲصһɢʪһ㣬ȴѪĹŹ塣
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ֻû¶ģȴƺѾ۷ˣͶЧµ˵ϣ䣬Ϊƽյ̸ʣԽԽĵӾ뷨跨ȥͬʿǴϸ
ˮֺγ᲻֪ʿһ㶼ǸʵǾЧңڵӹļֻ֪ԸӶá
޶ٿ֮ģҲСɵͶЧɣΪſͣ쾭֮£ȴһֱԼãµҲǽĪ
Լɽ̫٣޲ǽ˹ɣϢ۶ŵӷ緶мԼȥġˮˣ֪һŮȴûпѵһͨ
ֻһҲЦӶ࣬ȴûм棬ԱЦʦ㣬ֻԼҪȥɣҿʵǸضǰ;ɵ£ǱҲϸ֦ˣ˵Ҳǣ
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ʦԼĶˡ
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ǡǡŮӼöţɫȴ΢죬ƺҲڿǣǷܡ
ˣǾͱȡЦʦˣе֮ˣûע⵽СҲųͶ𣿲⴬ô¿ЦȥճˮΪͷ۵ص
ȺȻ鲻ȴϾڴӣûôɽʵ˵ġ
˺ˣұЦˡˮɫԣŵҲҶ˵ʲôæֹסЦ⡣
ˮһȺ֪伲ͬŷ֮ʱˣȴڴ׼
ϵȼλȻûе룬ȴˣվߣһˡ
ڶһҾ޴ķۣ۵ƣϼ󣬷·𱻲ʺо٣Ʈϸǲ˸ɫɫ޵Ĳ籣·ڶ裬ҡ쳣
ԼɼװһȺű¶Ů裬˿֮磬һ̫ƽֵģѹֵγԱȡ
ͻ϶ɵ¶֮ɫԶԶң֮ʱûзҷ۵쳣ȴû뵽֮󣬾˸ҡ
ǰǰңάˡ
֮һʿ˳վڿУȭʩ
άȻ㣿⾪һ¶֮ɫ
ţǰȻǡάƺҲʶϣ֮󣬲ɵ۾һңңǰþòɺð
ͷСѹ⼸ϼһӹǻУҲͦġϺٺһЦ˸
ϣʶ˹ӣɵôʵ
ʶ᲻ʶЩ죬˽άħ֮һڵĵӣѳڣңңȥˣȴҲǸħСĸ֡
ʲôͻȻ׽˻ϻеĻ档
ϺٺһЦ˵ǱĻǼɵСǸɫжɫŮӣ뵽ڣҪ뷽跨ɲһͬҲŹ꣬ΪɲŮӣ˽ҷŶġЩŮУͬŵĵ£ϵŮۣһλǹһϵŮ޹ΪԵһɲ㽫ʹŮʱھѪ˥ܣԪľԣֱڶڳ׷ɱš
ԭǸǸɫ죬ûеߵϺǣƺԸ̸ӣʱȻ˽˴һʲôĽɫ
ڴϵĻһҸܵϢӦþԪˣһΪɢޣһ׻죬ҵȵķƷʣҲ磬Ȼûк֣ݴֻ֮УҺʦ֮⣬λʦܶĶ֣ǣҲʤ
ᵽһˣϵ֣ࡣ
ҲʤλԪôȻ
֮²ûп󣬱ϾλԪҲǺͬһĸ֣ǷرǹǡȻǵʵҲûбҪɵǣƵߣ
£ЩԵõζȻſڿӡ
ˣϣô֪ǸԪάͬУʲôϵͻȻһ£Щͷԡ
Ǳ޹ϵͶңͬڵЧڶǵӵſ͡Ͻ͵
ԭô˵ңӣҲҷϣǳˡ
ѹֻϻϵˣԭΪΪӵĹݵλƣΪħ֮еĶֶ֣Ϊ˹ַ֮ԵſͣʵбҪ˽˴ѶϢҲ֪Щ룬Щ˲ǡ
ȻԷ˵ϣԲǻϵԸǵĶͬʱԷҲӦҵǣۺʱεأ˶ֻпͿķ֡
˼һʱҲףΪλԪ͵Ӳ¶棬ֻά̸ˡ
˫ûʲô飬ֵͨ棬ȴҲòһ䳡滰˵ⲻˣֻܱ˴˳ܼ䣬Ȼݲ뿪
ȻϣϺά˴˴˼֮󣬷ǳĬظԻشڳһˮˮļơ
ûãͻȻӹһĨɫӣûȤǣڴ˵ظЩʲôңӵԶܣǵƫƧطΪѰʲôԶزҲ˵
⵹ҲǣҸղžͻɣΪܹȡħѡľƫԶĵش޵Ҳʲôĵرĵ죬ʲôΪҲЩ档
ֻѣǷҪβǣЦЦѡȨظ
ԸղŵȤҲԼг֦̽ҪھܾȴͻȻöеĶˣӦ
Ϊʲô飬ѵڸղҷϸܵʲôϢΪɣʶ̽Уʵ
飬ϤޱȣȻУʶͷźȡǺԼͬʱ£ƽ£Բһ䣬ҲͻȻʾԼĴڣȴϰߣضʲôע⡣
ƺоҷϣʲôںңǹϢص÷ǳأƺڸˡʵ˵
㡭ѵ춦йأһ
Ѿ춦ն춦ˣ춦صҲѪֻ£ԭ򡣡˵ԼҲƺЩ󣬡ֻϧֻһţҲûü׽
Ȼ취ȥѸȨһף¶ĵ


464 
ĻɵóԾؿһۡ
û뵽ȻĶȺȤ
ڴ£̬ȱǿпޣҲûзԣֻ֪ͨϵһЯͬϣһ𣬷Ϣȥ
֮󣬲籷ٴγǰȴǲټϣתȥ
޵һݺĳӴ˴תÿ뵺һ·ϣǲû뵺ħսҲûĵرʱʱͣӺ󷽣ƺǳɵ˸١
кüΣͻϵ˶֣ҺûϾḻһֶԷ̽飬Ϣαװϲľ죬ֺǽ뵽鲼Ϣɽ֮УԶԶš
ҲΪˣֻһʱҪڴкιŹֵĻϵˣ𽥸е˲ԡ
ǺĿģǴӴ·ʲôܣ
ʦܣóռ֮粷һԣǴоΪΡϿϡ
ʦ֣ǲ˰ɣԲ֣ͨƱغķͷʦԣЩ졣
ʦֲضԣʦֵ˼סֹ˺ϼ˵ȥЦЩ˵ȷμɣֵΪǿԣңֻռǴĿģ漰̫ѡ
ҲǸɴ֮أ˵仰Ѱһɽͷϯضȡһƴļ׿ǡ
һۣǿ׿ƺڹǣ沼Źӵ·ƣȴǶǵĸо
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֪߽ʿƷѲƷʱȴû뵽ȻһѪעһϣˮĥ򣬾Բһ㷨ļֵԺģ˵ȫҶΪﲢǿ˵ʤ֮ãԵ֮ʱҲδػһƷɽãЩ⣬ΪϻԴ˵
ʿвͬÿһ˶˳ͨӵױսģʦֵУҲֻдʦֺͶʦֲóɱܹ֮˵ʤ״ͬȾ֣Һʦ֣ʦܣ׷ȴҪ˶δرͬȾʿǿƺĴɻ󣬺Ҳ͵
ἰԼսͬȾʿ֮䣬ȴû˿ЩԵãƺóĶԶɱ֮á
ʦóռ֮㣬λϡͻȻһʼգƺûмλϳֹҲ֪óʲô
䣬Ѿչǣת׿ƺܻѣһ˼߲ƣ˸ȥֻ쳣£⣬ȴƺǲһƪԶ׫дɵ飬ʼָ
ʦޣռ֮ѵıԴ֮ųڣҵˣʵԿϹ۲һЩȻص
ԣ
ЩʱյദԻϵˣҲһ˽⣬ǳѧŵǰҩǲ÷ֻɱսй˵컯ԲԼé®½ʿԱģԳˣݵĶɼŵյȷɬѶ
ռߣ۲죬ߣƹǣ˷ռȷǴԶŵ֮ռ֮ĵϵҲ˵
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ռ֮ƲۣȴԿ̽Ԥ⼪׸裬ѰԤ֪δɱɱ֮öˣԺлᣬǿһܹѧ洫ľΪӺĽ
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οռ֮Զɱ֮Ҫ£Լδؾ츳ֵգɲǸȤѧġ
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ٴ̣һΣȴȷĿ꣬Ǿǽҧά˲ţǾҪǰδЩʲô
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зĵ֮άڵɽȣʼһʱ䣬зִǿϢ䡣
ǵڸʲôѵʲôر֪ϢĶѰϾḻ棬ɵò²
ңȪţԪڣѪħ̣ħЩȫħɰǾڸʲôϺϣҲд档
ʱĸȻħ֮еɣзϣ龳ʿϢӿ񾳣ླͨȵȵȵȣͬĸ֡
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ЩʧˣΪ͵͵ˣиĻҲûʲôڿпȺ֮
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ֻǼħۼ֮󣬸𷨱ȥβĻϵ˸Ӧƶæϡ
ʱȡһöɫͨ͸񣬾Ǻڰɫͼ˴˽νһϡ
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뿪Ц˵һȴʾ˴ˣҲ֪ǿ󣬵ͷ֪ˣлϡ
ȡϣҲʲô쳣֮УȴƺһסԼԼ
ϵĿʾ£󵨵߿˼ֱϵʮԶĵطǵڣҲǰʲô쳣ȻûзĴڡ
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յѷ졣
İձ£йƺʧȥرɣرӦɽµľҲһƬɵգɼбӿ
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еĵؽܣ⴦޵شƫƧûнŵĴڣҲûʲôرĵرǰڽŵϢأ̾Ҫ۴ģﶨԳΪ۱һıط
ΪȻ罻֮ʿҵŲƷһ㣬ɿԽ룬ңԶδ֪ʱգһζһǺ֪ɽأ̲֮ž޴ĲƸ
ĶǣδĽţζֻ̽գЩѹ֪һ㣬˷ӵȥ̲صϷ֡
ֲǹᣬԭһšϺݺݵزһ½ţ·Ҫе𾪺㵶ų⣬ȴȻɻ󣬡ţͨʲôط
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ǿޱȵĲʱʱӿ͸һƬɽ֮УȻǻϵѾͨ磬ܵЩ޵ҲɵɫҪγˮ
ҲףΪտޱȣȴûħһţʱǿϢӿЩҰϰԲĵħŹ֡
һ֮󣬾ۼڸħˣһ㣬Ͼ㶼¶ϲ飬ֻǺԥظԼסΣͶȥ


һŤĹӰд˹
ܿǴˮĻһĺӰȻ󣬳档
ǽȥˣжȻһʵǰ죿
ǽ˵أرҲȥϺԥص
֮ǰռ֪одգȴ֮Ӷ࣬βЩ˽Упܴһʺƣ
Ļᣬɲʲôʱеġ
ãҲȥ²֮ܲԶ˵Ϊ˵
˵ĵȴֱŽźȻ죬һ֮ʱŷ׷׷ͶС
ת֮ǰ䣬·𴩹Ǻӣ澡ͷһʱա
ֻڴŲƷ֮ʱûлңĵȵǰþʧס
ʱȴͻȻһ
磡ﾹȻ磡
ʲô磡һʧء


465 ֲ
ջϵ˵ǽŵļٲץʱȥضȫʧ
˶ģȥ֮޴ѣϾȻܲţض罻֮ԪӿĹͬ䣬ٴν֮ʱҲؽ֡
⴦طŲ֣˽ȻҲкؽͨĵطֻҪѰңܻ뿪Ļᡣ
û뵽⴦ͨģȻһųĵط
ļ䣬ʱ糱ӿ֡
Զɹ֮ǰ֮Уħ֣죬ɹɨգγȺͳεʱ֮Уԭħħ񣬲ȫɢɢѱѱʣһЩ׺ݵģѹ֮С
ӣҲ֪磿ֳԶɹĽɣųΣյĵط֪ǽľȻ͸ýʦˡԵЩյصҲûԹˣʩչһɫˣϢؽڻ
ˣҲֻüˣȿʲô˵ʵΣյĻ辡ҵȥĳڡ
˵֮䣬ȻȻʧֻʣ˿˿ߣܲ
ȻһĿռѷ죬ֻʱҪԶȸղѡ
άħʿѾԶȥƺĿģһű㲻ӰԭظӦƬ̣ٴѰǵȻ׷ȥ
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ӣԶ˽⣬֪֪ľѯӡ
Ҳ֪Զ֮ʱͥʦôֵܻطӵ
룬ֳɵ˵һϿģȫǽףӵпʿȽٵͨҲпܻᱻ𡣡
𣿡һ£ôоЩԣЩȻΣգȴƺû˵ôֲ
ҲоЩԣЩȷȴ֮С࣬紫ţҲʿܵˡӵ
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ͻȻһ£æʶ飬㲻˵Ӧǣƺ𣿻᲻һС
֮ѪάһУȫΪ飬ҲǸӦڤڤ֮еͻ룬øһпҵ
Ҳ֪Ϊ飬ʶ͸ӦԶԼʿҪö࣬Ե޹˸Ӧʶдһʡ
ˣҸӦϢƺǴһдЩ֡Ҳһ˿ԥӦǽֱ֮ģˡ
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ҿ㻹֮ѰһȻɣҲʱеģҪһֵĸӦӵ
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һͷɾ޵źƺ꣬Ӵɽÿһͷǿʮɣǰ·һС
źģһƬĻҰҰϿգӿضƵľ޴ź
ͺһɱսľޣȫԭʼĲԿһͷ޾ݺݵҧһͷ޵Ĳ֮ϣͷͷ­˺ҧľٳһɵĴӣһľ޴ȹǣ˽ȥ
һߣһͷеļⳤǴ̣һͷźλãԼȴҲͷ˺ҧţȻǹ۾Ҳ·Щǰĸ˻
ʹŭ⡭ֵ˻УһĻһĻ춯صļսڽС
ѪأѪﶼȾһƬ֮أ˺İ֮䣬ݲӲذһƬֺ˻ԭ
׹籮ƺ֮˵Զŵ
һߣߣߡپߣʮߣǧߡǧ򡭡Ȼȫǡ
ƾһɾ޵źԶԶ޷˶ݣȻǧ򣬲ľ޶ڴ˴ӲذһƬƽԭ˹Ǻ˵ȴĪ𺳡
Щ޲ûе伮֮мصĲл꣬ҲûǿķУȫͨİ׹ǣȴȻܹ˵롣
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Ϊʲôڴ˵أ
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ǡ˳Ϊ֮еħȻ
һܳƣǵָһǣִ죬רѺ֮ǿڵġ˵ʲôħܹӹʴֻߣһƬĲë֮طܺϢǱȻӵǿʵڣпǵջħԶʱǿɣɣɵȵȹɵĴڣ൱ʿĵϣԳ棬ͳȺסЩħˣضħֻǽΪЩħԼӶõٻǽٵʸ񡣡
˵ħͶӰĴڣݵ棿Щħ˵óѣеƽҪˣضı󡣡
Զŵܣһħʿͬ׷ѰĶЩħ˵õԶħ˵Ҫ׻ˡ
ˡߣǵõħҲһΪ˻Ҳ˵ڹ˽Ƕ㹻ֹǵжȡãҲҪƻϴһ˿ͬʱҲǾȻ˵
óԼ²⣬Ϊġ
˵֮䣬Щħ˵ϢȴѾԶ룬æתͺϣϸϡ
һ·ѰѰ٣żðյͿշһһǰһһֺޱȵӴǳظ
ǳнﳤͨ嶼ǹʵİǽǳϿգİ׵ӿɢź˵ϢͬʱҲ糱ˮаϢʾȻһλǿÿµĴڡ
ǿϢ
ܵ纣һĿֲϢɫʱͰˡ
û뵽侹ȻܹǶеηĴڣ֮Ϊ͵ǸоԼ·һƬĺˮ֮У֮УһĴʹ
ǿѹ繯ݣ˷ͣӿ˹


أһصײ
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˲Ϣ֮Щ񾳺ͷླħʿѱ̳ԡ
β˷ܵᣬ·Ѱʣһ㣬ʱ䶸
ͻȻһŹֵѪɫ٣·һ㣬ʱ򣬾βϵѪ֮ԼٶȸɱȥǱѪĸʬһ㡣
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ʦµѪħ٣ȻпЩԶħĹЧϢˣǬϲ
̫ˣֻҪǵˡҲ˷ܵص
ʱԪͻȻ֮һƣ͵ӡϡ
ӿ֮˲ᴩ˹䭵ȻֱϽԺȥȻ궼˳
Ԫ㾹ң䭲ҽһؾԼ־ŭȥ
ֱʱףԪ͹䭸ûаԼԼ˵ǿɿõĸֶѡ
˽ҪĹͷȻ֣˾Ҫ̾β
ڲף̫𣿡Ԫص
䭣ҾѪħ̳ϣ㼸ֱ棬ȴʶô֪ԼֻһˣȴһôҵҪ㣬ƾʲôһ룿Ǭ䭱߽ӵѯɵһЦ
֪ѪħشѪħķѾϴʱùˣʱڣָܻҵҪûѪħʲôǶ
޵ĹѪħ̵հ壬ӵսѪħŹһϢαԼѪܿɱȵģȻŹҲӵһ޴㣬ǾǷ֮󣬶ʱ޷ٻָľѪԪҲҪΪģһپ٣һķš
ϴʧѪħ֮ʵȻ½룬Ѱͨʿǿ󣬶Ԫȴ֮ͨжԳ۵Ķ֣͵Ϯ֮£ش
ӣҪᣬžβħְȻԪˣشĹ䭣ԪҲû˿дкǬһй
ǬХһѷƵ齣ƵƵȥ
ǲúмܣǱݺݵش
úҲ磬طף԰Ԫ÷ǣƣѪ̣֧ŶãǬԣȴǹЦ
ǸڷΧ䭣ȴΪ绷֮ʣΪԪδ׽֮ǰ壬ȹ̣Ͻ׵Ŀ顣
һʿĵطԪϻ޴󰭣ԽʩչطʹֶΡ
ΪѪħ̳ϣ̫ϳϣƽ̵ȵȾͷҲǧ˿ƵϵԪǬȻֻɱҲұƵ̫ܶξףȴ޼ɵ
ΪﶼǳһѪȫľѪ̺֮֮ڵԪϵױ㽫£൱ڽһ㣬÷ǡ
䭱ûаԪԲ磬ûǿս٣ʶĳ̶ȣǰ׽٣ֱʮľ档
Ѫħ󷨣Ѫת򴨼
ƺǸܵԼڼΣ鼱֮£һеشƽ׼ĵƣȴһѱɱʿʬϸ֮з˳ȻһĨѪüը
Ѫɽ֮УʿʬѪȫӿϣʿڣпݹһѸٸɱ񣬶ȴ͵ض˼ֺ֮ɫƺܵƶҪȬ
ߣȻѽеӵѪҴߣԼʱˣǺֶΡƾһʬѪֶּãǬһĻɵ΢΢һ漴м˵
˵֮䣬ֲٿ齣ٴιȥ
ëС֪ʥطľŹʬҳƺҲǸеһʿʬãæңһٿطɽֵǬƣһٴٳʿʬ
žʬѪ壬Ϻ⽥֣ɫҲԽԽá
ֲ˶ˣ䭣Ǭҧ˵
ҲҪֶãֻҪƴβ;ƿһ̣ҵҪǵʱɱһɱβЦ
ʲôǬԣʱһ¡
û뵽Σ֮ʣȻ뵽ôһʱķӡ
ӣǵ㾹Ȼˣǵµȷ޷ģټɱȻ̫ˣԪԣ˵
Ȼɱ磬չ黹ͬΪħˣ䭽Ƿһ鶶ȥƱػңӰ죬ңҲԱȻǵõ˾βҲҪħɵ죡


471 ȸں
ãǬҲ֪Ʋͷ
ɱңҹɱģѪ󷨣ұԣЦϧԪƵƵ׼ѪѪħ̵Ѫ󷨡
һаǸѪԪΪۣ͵ը˵˼
ͬھķţµҲ˲ʹϧʩչ
䭣ˣǬʧɫ
ûз裬ֻ֪Ҫܹѳȥκδ۶ֵãӣֻҪܴӳȥٰܸ߱ˣγܰѽյʧֲԪ
ǾͰɱҾͲţ֣ԸǬģԼ֣ȻҲùѳȥ
ɾʱ쾫ѪԪըǿͺȻˡ
ǬԪɵȻɫ䣬æ߶ȫ֧һ㻤

䭵ӰԶݡ
ˣǬƿڴҪ׷Ϲ䭣ȴѾˡ

Ԫ͵һѪȴ̺ԪľѪȫȻǣһǿĿֲ֮ӿֳ
һץ͵زǰա
䣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬һֻڵСȻԶ䭵ϳ֡
ʲô䭴ʧɫȻͷ̱㷢ץԼϵĴ֡
ԪҧͷȻһ
䭾һȻһg˲߽
ʷʵ̫죬ΪԾʹѵϲ鶼ϣʹ̡

һ£漴ȴǲȻЦ
ȻôҪֺα֣һͬھɣ
ѺľѪʹѪһҷţȴȻûѳȥ⵽Ԫϧ۵Ľɱ֮࣬Ȼ־
ˡ
һ죬д˳
ͬھ㻹ͬھıǮ𣿡ԪЦ
ͻȻɫ΢䡣
ˡ
ʲô
֡֡Ǭ
ҵ֣ԪȻһæ˻
һ֪ʱоȻķɻȣͨѪ壬͹ɼ
ٿԼֱۣѱЩɻҧÿӿݣ·һ⡣
Ϊǣ˶̵ʱڣֱ۾ͱɴ룬ԼȻ޸Ӧûһ˿ʹ࣬ΣյĸоҲû𣬷·ֱֻ۲Լһ㡣
ʲôãҵѪ⣬ҵľѪԪţԪ𾪵
ܿ죬ȴƺʲôȻһŲ˼龪
ˣѪȣѪħʿѪѪȣĹ䭣ͷȻ⺦˵ĹǸ
Ƕ
䭲ȻЦͷ­Ҳ⣬󣬻ɷɻңʧ١
ǬĿעֱۿʧתͷԪֱۡ
ˡ
ûԪɫѿޱȣԪע뱾ѪȣתƵˣĹ䭣Ҫͬھ
⡭⵽ô£
ҪôˣӣҪȫѹŽ򽫻ȫʬԪ͵ذסֱۣĬ̤գ
ǬĪףʲô顣
Ԫȴпԣ˹䭣֮ǰȻôһ֡ҲҴ⣬Ȼ֪ͬھֶΡ
ԪŽѪȱ࣬Ѫһֶ䣬ƽʱڣãʿ֮ǰеľͷţתΪѪȵѪʳ
һõ֮ǰĹѪȱ㽫̳ߵľ־ȫΪҷɵϷҧ
ԸѪȣߵȻǾת֮㽫ȴ֪ôֻѪɢʳѪ⣬ѪԪ񣬶ɢ֮䣬޻ָĿܣ콫Ѫȱ㽫ɳֱΪ۵ľ޴Ȼ󽫳ѼڵѪ֮ϣֻء
ʱϵԽʿ˱Խأȫɣһ˿ʣ¡
Ѫȱ࣬쳣ûκƽ֮ѵֱֻۣȻԶҲ޷ٳ
ʵѪȱಢǿͨʿҲԳܣĶ֮ȴͨͨᲢ۵ġ
Ԫ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫҲЩԾ
ЩѪȿѪ֮ʵֻѪӰǹ֮ͨ
䡭
쿴ħѾѾβˡʱǬϲ˹
ԪֱۣŤͷ濴ȥȻһŰʵŨһԻΪβſڵ
ħ٣ѳǧɳÿһʮɴִ󣬰ѾëƵýʵʵ
ˣˡԪ¶ģƳɵ͵Լֱۿȥ
ۣ
һɾѪԪ֮Ȼһ˲䣬ԪоԼԪҲżʮ꣬ϱϵѪȥ
ˡ
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ѪɵЦһҵĴЦȻЩѪȱԪľһ㣬һȥ
ԪŶϱۣɫѿ֮
Ѫ
Ŵ߶Ѫϱ˿ڴֵۣǣѪ֮ﾹȻˣĶϱһѪ裬Ȼ˿ڸƽȫϣϵֱȴû
ˣԺ֮ӣ֮Ҳһֱۣ·ڸղŵѪʳ֮У͵ȥ
ԺҲǶˡҲٽԲˡ
ԪȻһЦȻʧ
ٿľβȴǳ˳֮⣬ͷβȻΪΨһϣ
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д˻ᣬȻǷǶ㲻ʲôΪ䣬ʧȥǱôֹܹң
ڣҪˡ

Ǳߺʲôˡ
ϣԼˣڻҰеĵͰץʱӦȥ
ͻȻϾɲͣԶ˵
ôˣϣҲͣ
ҸղͻȻӿһļ£ƺʲôħˡص֮еħ
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֮УѺħħ֣һͶ磬δƵģһǹѺ֮УʩԷطģɳ֮еħ
֮гȡлĶħڵڶ֣ʵҲﵽ̫ҾԶʱѾǿļ
Ȼˣħûܴ֮ӳǵļ̺Ϳɿɼһߣ
˵ӣȻԶͥ裬˵ʲô⣬Ȼħٻ޹ǽƻħҲôټϹţԽƺͷǧٸħ֮УһɹҲ˵Ϸ
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ô˵Ǵ׼Զŵħı£Ҳٻߵڣ׷ɱˡϹϵ˵
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òŲ̫ණֻҪƶϴǼױˡϵľѪѵ
֪˵ţȡ֮ƶɵķ
⼸ûжϵѾʧûǰЩʱƣռܸ׼ȷÿжϴе׼
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д󼪣²˳٣ȥд鸣һƺռ˽͵ضŹϵƣʧе⵽ô£
ԣǴ棬Ͼճƶϣ׶ħ֣ضԶԸԷɱѾ˵ǽˣͰ͵ظϹȥʲôԣңǴ󼪣
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ϤȻѡжϡ
ҲͬռĻһʼͲˡ
֮˼ٸ·˽ӽԪĵط
ͻȻǵĸӦ֮Уħʿǵ˽սƺǴˣ̶ʮϢ֮ڵʱ䣬Щ񾳣ླħʿһһʧԪ͹䭵ϢҲ֡
ƺڼս֮УȻǿûиӦԪ˲ûߵ˼ϲɾ
Ҳпǳ鲻ǱϢסˡѵ
Ҳܡͬ
˼ǰȥ
Ԫ˶֮սһĸ㣬ΪţԼϢ˵Ķ֣ҲԱԪ˼ָãݶˡ
ûһ䭵ϢȻҲʧˣԪϢһ䣬ʱ֣ƺܵ˼صش
ԽԽӽս֮ˣɵþһ¡
ԪҲˣ
ǹϢƺԽԽˡ
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ʶ죬̽ԶԷױܷԼһȺˡ
µҲ˲ôᾪˡ
áķԸûκ壬ϱʶӳֵϡ

һεЯʶɿԶչĸӦ֮УܵĻҰΡɽͣ׳ǣѹֵաһĻһĻľ֡
עⶨһͷ޴ϣֻϲ˺ɫľ٣Ԫһվգƺʲô
Σǳȡл꣬ȴֱͬΪ
ҿˡϣϣϣǹȻһæԼʶǡ
ǸϿȥٴμӿٶȡ
Ȼȫȫǰȥϧ춦״ݣͣڿ֣ʱڣԱֺͻϵһٶȡ
һ֮ԪβսڣӳıĿĳª٣ȻǱ棬ľ޴
Ǿβ
һƷˣ
ϣϣˣϾ¶˲˼顣
ζû뵽
ܿ죬Ǿ͹˲ϾˣΪȻЩħʿѾȫֻʣһ񾳵ˣԼܵشԪ


472 һ
ֲʾд󼪣ԭƴ;ƿݣֻǼˣһ¾Ҫʧȥˡ
ǧѷ꣡Ļᣬֱǧѷ갡
˼ֱĻŭţϲ˼㡣
ħϵķϣʣ´Сèֻ˭ֹժȡʤĹʵ¾ԪҲҪ췦ˣǿԽ˻ᣬһٲԪ׽鷳
֣
кһϣϣ̻⣬ϱֺΧ֮ƣԪ˳˹ȥ
ǲĴ˴թΪǶԼӦţףʹˮľʱ
ʱ֣ʱ
ǡôԪǬͻϵͻȻɱȴǴʧɫ
Ǹոհ䭵ˣٰѾβƷջʱ̣ȴû뵽ǾȻˡ
©ƫҹ꣬Ϊ˶Ը䭺;βѰеþƣܹٺ
ԭһֱǣԪҲԼ³һֱûԶȥĳطǱټϣħʿæɱȻһ˷ֶԷ
ϻ˵ɣԪϹЦ˷֣һֻȭ͵ȥ
ӣһԸСӣ
ϺȴǳǬҲȲҺԪͬУ˵Ǵ֮ңӣάԪĶ
ȶԸԪͶܱ಻Ҫ鷳
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Ǭһæѷɽ
ƣ
⣬ֱնȥ
ⲢдѷɽͬʱԸˣȴǲѶΪ֮ΪʱѾܵ˼вʶ֮Уӿɱ·޴󺣳һԺû˽֮£һ˿ĻᶼûС
ϣѷɽԹЦһ㽫֮񿪡
ȻҵĹƣ缱꣬ٴ¡
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Ԫƣ
ҵ𣡡
ת֮ǬըѪ˶ĳƬȻ󣬵¶
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ǬǱʮΣȴǱһģĺڷ磬ŨصѪڿС
Сӣҷ
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Ҫһʵ̫ײУ̫ݶˣ
Ҷסˣ
ǬȻΪңĸͽһῡܣر֮ͨ£Ҳֻ˱ܡ
Ϣ֮Ѫ⾫һץݺץƴ룬Ȼ͵һգձը
һĲҽУԪȴԪδţɫصš
Ԫпԣǿķϲ֮ǰҧһڣԪ񶼱òԲзľıǮ
ԣֻװû
Ϣһ֧ҵγɵʸ͵Ϯ֣ᴩǬո۶Ѫͨʱ㱻ƣǬðẓ́Ǳȥ
ѵһںĺ«һգ
ǬһһͻһĨ⣬˽ȥ
϶ԵǰжϺܵλ֪óȻԷȡˣ̫ǬǷдӷֶ֮Σ«ڲΪҪϡ
иҪľ֮ѹǬֻҪܹסһʱ˺ԪɱǬӳҲ췦ˡ
ӡ
ȡǬ֮󣬹Ȼûй΢Цľ«Էѹ֮㽫«һףתȦͻȻڿС

һһǬʱͱС
ӣ
ԪŭĿԲɣؿǬϼ𣬵ȴû˿취
㶼ѱˣ𣬹ϴЦҿ㻹ǹԹ־ܰɣǳʱħޣֻҪԵģΪУǿԷŹ㡣
룬Ԫ̰֮Ԫ÷
ͷӲϲӦѾˣԪ˰ɣʦֵ˶ǲͨʿƾʲôһ˵
˸Լڿͺ˼أ̱ظܵԪķѾۻ룬ԶԶûͨʿӦе
ٿһֱһϱ޷޸ϸ˼⡣
״̬Լһ˶򲻹ܴ֮ĻҲǬܶʩԮ֡
ʦ֣㡣ʱڳֵĺϣϳ̱ԪֺΧ֮ơ
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ӣСģҲɫ䡣
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ȻҵΪҺ۸ɣɫ䣬ȴЦ
ͺϣΧǬǿ׼Ǭ޷ֵȻԪֻһˣкξ֮תԪ͵ش߶ٵ׼Զƽǿӿ
һ䵶
񷣡

һĺɫѷ죬͵ԪϮȥ
ԪӹһĨɫ͵ر򣬱ܿһ
Ȼ˲Ϣ֮䣬һϮ
Ǭ
޻ɵĵȴ̺Żصİͬʱת˲֮ӣҲ˲ɵһ಻Ĵ·׼ŵնֲƵն
ʵϣÿһգԪϵ֣ͨҲѪ֮ܡ
նһֻ֮üһȴȻɫ䣬͵ն

Ϯ˿˿Ӱݺύ
ʱ֮䣬ԪǰһƬңһ޴ն׵ر
Ԫ¶һ˿֮ɫЩг
Сӣһնô൶Ȼͣͣ
Ӱʵ䣬·һƾڵնĹ֮УȴʼûҵֵĻᣬǻϣϣˣ׼ʱ
һʱ㿿ӣѾʧְӣԵʦֵã
˸Գ֣¥ֹ࣬ƣ˲佫Ԫû
СӾȻ˻ͷҪץסѲܹԪֵŻ˵Ĺƣ亹ɵ˳
ʱһĨ⣬壬ԪԼϿȥȴȻ֣ԼѾһŷ·ŵɺ
ʲô
Ԫʧɫ
䣡
һѪը
䣡
һ죬Ԫ̸еһԡ
ʲôͨ
ǲŵľ飬ΪоԼѺķѲٵķȻڸղٴμࡣ
ǶǺɫˡ
Ԫҵĺҵǿ˹ضҷ𣡡Ҳ±֪Цţһ˵
ʲôҵ𣿡ԪȻҲ˵ҵͷ¶֮ɫһǱĴҷɣŻϵ˵׷һҪ˹ѹơ
ǰҷģͻȻǰһ޴ķ൱ѹ¡
¡
Ԫһʯ͵ҽ˵档

УӰ䣬ȫ·һ㣬һųҵİâ
Ԫ˾ʱɫɷס
ڲԼĶ񵱡
ýƻСӣȻҲƭˣ
ֱʱȻԼǺҵз֮ʱ֮УѾȦס
СӵΪҵ𣬶ҵҲֻһ㣬ϼһȴʵʵڵвͬͨʿȫԸʮ־Ӧԣв֣˲ִ֮䣬ܲܣ
һ㣬æѹҵ͵ذεض𣬾ӿ
ʱͻȻһ˵⣬һҵĻȣϯ
·Ľ֮еҰŻ˲ȼȫѪ⣬һ¾ȫȼ
⡭ôܣԪ
û˻شӦǸӳҵȻ𣬸ҵĻơ
һͻı֮УͻȻеһͷֹסӿ
źҵ֮Уעʬͣöħʬɵħ飡Ҫ˵ֻԸһˣɢУпӰ쵽ܱˣҵҪ˫ʴ֮¼ֶã
ȼ棬Ц˸ž⡣
ͻϵֺϹʵ֮䣬ȴûжα֣֮˭ץסᣬпܶԪһ
ղŶ̶̵ļ½֮䣬ԪΪԼʵʵĺҵ֮в𣬲ݻȻ˾
䣡
ʱ޽˲䴩
ԪͬԪ񣬶ʱһ޴׹ᴩҷ
·컨׹ӿһһ̳㣬˵ı֮ӿеڿУäĿҷɣеȴһݣȥЩһ档
ԪԼڵĻķᣬ֮ʱЩʵУȴȫ˳
ͻϵ˼ˣǰһҲ߶ʮһ׷׼ΪƣץЩܵķɿذ
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ΪӭҾ⴦յʱÿձ̽һǰѭڱ˽ķӡǣʶ鿴Ȼ⡣
ǳԼúñֵʱԽǰõˮ©ԽĿ֮ӡ෴ؼʱ̳˲Ǳ˷ܣŶ룬ĹҲҪ
ܺãòȻϣѵõ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ȻЩҲͨĸ֡
磬ȥﲼķΣܷٳţҵͨһ֮Ⱥһʿ˵
ǣ档ʿ˳ʼڸ׽Ԫ
һʿ۷
棬ǲõķȹֻ̣ҪԼܿٳһͨĽţǿֱӼá
¶һ˿԰֮ɫ⴦ͨķµģȻκ⡣
ã²˳٣Ǽ̳ԣӹһĨϲɫ˵
ͬʱֶԼ׷ͯյߵ󣬷ֹ󴳴˵أǴ¡
ͣ˷׷Ӧ
֪ȷеķλ֮գ磬κһλϸֶڳôĸ֣Ȼܼ򵥱ˡ
һȺУʦƺҲλȥʼյæµ
˿ɫ죬ڵظɽ£һƬƽĻҰΪ˽أɭ֮
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֪ˣʿ壬ʹػ󣬵ǳԸ
ǣ档˵ϵ
Լһɵ߿أȽ´ͨĽţȥ
˼æβΪŶĳڱǲõķأֲŲԶ
֮硣
ٴӹһĨϲ֮ɫ
ٴθܵϢѾȫȷ˷⴦طļֵˡ
һûбʿھıأǹѺǿħŵúãض԰ඥ֡
ҵʿпܡ
뵽ת֣صصǷ磬壬۴ջΣǵĹ׶Լһ󹦡˽Ī⣬㻹ٷΪ
ȴǰ϶ĹͣͬʱҲάȫڴ䡣
ϾѾҵй֮չ˲ܣڴΪ棬Ҳ޹⡣
棬ȻΪãȴҲм鱦СµĻԱģڴ˼̽աԮĿģΪٴ̽磬ȻԸʹȥæ
ټ̽գ¶һ˿졣
棬Ȼܹ磬֮нħȡл꣬ȻмԱֶΣǾͲҪ̽飬ﾡ鷢ӺˣҲҵĸܹھҲ˵ߣһݲͣӦϵͨʿЦ
Ϊ磬ϱ֮УѾӮòϵĺøУ˶ãͷĹ϶Ҫɻڴһɳˡ
ʱ̣ԭ߸ϵļϣӵܣվ˵ûֱ
ܣʶˡ
棬ǴҲΪ̽·ͬʱʵͼμǺˣ²̫ΣգֻҪСıܿħǾСһ
˵õҲǺðɣһ̽硣룬ҲЩ֮ǴӦ
ԣһϲ
ȷҪ̽Ѱ磬շħ񣬱Ͼеħ򽻵̫Σˣ罻ЩҵľӢȥԼĴ̽ʵ
ҲֻѰĵ򣬸пֶܷӦ֮µ
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ڣֻݵλͼūϲܼʵҲĸԸʩ
ʿûϣûҫûң
ȻҲΪˣǲſתˣΪʹ͵롣
⡭Щˡ
Ҳû뵽澹Ȼڸոս磬͸Լôһݴ񣬲ɵסˡ
澹Ȼ͸
ϣӵܣҲסˡ
Щͨľְ
СײˣȻܵ
ηһ£൱⡭
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Ҫ֪ϸʿɱȲͨĿ䣬ڸ˵˽ȫģõʿʮ߼Ҫá
ǶˣΪĽҲҪʹ͸ʿ֣ʵĲҪϳˣ壬ΪųϺͼϣǶΪҴʮ־ڴ˵ϸ̽飬˭´󹦣ͬʹͣƺܵ˵ۺͳȣǸֳһ˿΢ɲЦ⣬òƽȴǳйƻ˵
̻壡
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ɰҡͷЦֲ浱Ŵҵңԭǰҵӵܵİ̼Ǿ
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ͻȻ΢΢һɵȻʧЦϳɾˣһʹʿľٶȻҲһٶã̼ӵܵʱ֮ģҲе⡣˵ʵڵģ٣ûЩҵĳ¸ªϰգ䣬ĴҲǹƽѹܹڶ̶̼䷢չĹģ
˿ˣڷ֣֮׼ոսԼʿеһߣʵǿ֣
֪ͼʿһ㶼ûֻ֣дƣϳ˾ľ֣пܾˡ
ˣҽ࣬诣ᣬȨ⣬ҡ⡣ͨʿУģվ˵
ԭˡ˵ͷ
ӣϲˡϣϣ˿ʿ˵ɵ¶΢ЦԵعص
֪ǹϲʲôϾǿʿܹԼ£൱ѵõģҲԿԼĿء
лλǰҵõǣʱҲûʲôô
ʿһʿһʿӵ˿˵ʤɱ֮⣬ּ޸ּգѣĴʶʿѵѵٲȻִиϿ񣬵ʹöһʿ
ȻõǣһʱҲ֪κ֪ʲôΪá
ô˵ϾҲ֣ͨԺӿٸҲ˸ȴΪȻЦ˵
ЩʿȻԪҲûмǱǵΪϵģܹ£Ҳаʮ֮áҲЦǶӵҲβĺ£
⵹Ҳǡһ£ɵЦһЦ
ҲǾƶէһʱ侹ϰջ
ȷԣʿܶ飬ԴΪĹˣԶĲ˵˵Ǻִ£ͿƾǵʵòٱԶԶԽӵܡ
֪ĵ²Ҳʮϳ˸֣ͨľ֣ʮ£ЩֻԼϲãôദܹΪõģԲࡣ
Լõʿֱӱӵ˱ӵܵʵ˵ɴ˶һϵӰ졣
磬˿ԼӵʿЧңСԼֻߣ³˸Ͷ˲żüá
ⱳĺôԲֹڱ档

֮󣬸ȥҰ֮зɢ̽Ѱȥˡ
Ƕ˽⣬ԶֻƬԼ˵Բʱ
ʱһƺǺӵܵʿ˹˿Ҫ㡣
˵ͷǰ
ȻҪڴ˽磬Ҳ㣬Ϊ㣬һ̽ѰҰ;оɽΣλãʬǣȫע
濴˿һɵ
ЩˣǼпɿӵܣ䣬ʱָӡ
˿վߵĶһһ̽ѰСӣǴԼ֮һҲûκֻǵ
Ǿɡ˻֣ס֪ڵģֻһңңȪţԪڣѪħ̣ħЩħɶпٴ˹ֻǻûеõ̽·ԱĻ֪ȷѡ
סһжҪ֣ΨռȻǲڴ˽ջ
׾ͺá¶һ˿⡣
ʩһ񣬱׼Լȥ
֣ƺǽԵʣԼһ֧ĸֲܹ࣬ʮˡ
һ¶飬Щһ޳ĶûУȫ񾳵ʿҲ⣬ϾԼͻϣϣˣܹʮ֣ͨ˸汣Ǿ˷ˣԼ̯ҲΣգ˵ֻҪ̰ðֱ۹һɡ
ԵչˣԼĺӵܣħأҪΣյöࡣ
ȻİţҲû˵ұʾƽϣȫֱԳˣΪͷӣħ˽֮ǰ塣
Ҳ߰ɡ˲ϤˣΪ֮󣬱кҳˡ
һ·ϣϣһһɺ粨ΰӿ
ĿҰ֮Уֻһ˿ӹͿգԶȥ
ӣô뿪֮󣬻Դ棬ѯʵ
ǺܴɣֻҪͼˣˣһ֮У˵ǰ͵ġ
ȻҪǱͼ̽Ǿͺúõ˵ɡ⣬˼صȰ;Ƕ
ĻشҲû̫ĸ롣
Զ֮ʶ飺ô飬ʲôĸӦ
ǵãѪָ˵ĪĹϵԪ˵ħʿ룬ȴûκη֡
ûУѾӦ˿ˡԴãͲ⣬ȴֻεص
᲻ʲôˣ˵һ䡣
ʵҲԼǶһʣǵȻ춦ն޹ϸ𣬵ȴվǵ壬ӵеʶӦǼǿġ
ĸӦûе
ܰɡʵǡ⴦֮Ҳоһ˿ƺһҪ鱻Ǻԡšüͷ˵
ĴѰң룬Ҳ֪ʲôʱŻ֡˵
ֻͺˣµľƮǾĳһ൱ǿ󽣡Ц
ĸӦէ֣ټû˿ôȥջĻԽԽã
ȻʣҲûа취ֻ

ʱ䣬ܿȥɸԼʮʿϵˣһʮ֮һɽ
ϢðΣգϸߴơ
⸽ܹǣԵĿֲħƺѺżΪǿħƺǡһʿ˵
ӣͼѾˣѾķԸЩǳضڡһʿҲ
ֻɱ֮͸̽̿ͼյʿͬʿྫͨ黭ּգͼȻڻ¡
һ·ϣִ£ҲѴеС롣
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ʿ΢΢һЦ̴Ӹߴ£𱣻ǵҲ
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ȻҲԼµõЩʿ޹ѡĵطΪȫǣ׷ġ
ӣǼ̣Ϊټߣ֮һʿʵ
ϢһɣЩ񾫣ÿȥԪ֮áΪ漴ʮϺõ񾫣ַǡ
񾫾Ǵʵ񣬴Ⱥܸߣһ鶼൱һö
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Щӵܣ᲻ûǮ˲ţЩ죬һֱǴѵ
ʵЩ񾫺ǴԪѹζӻ˿ۣвƴֵķ緶
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ڵ磬Ѳǹȥ˭ʵǿ˭ΪϣӵеĲƸȨƣѪͳ𱰶˸ˣȻֻгʿϵܣ濴أʹ͸ЩССʿȻǰڼӡ
ҵѡңΪūʹܹҲ̫ĳɾ͡
ˣ޸֮Ƽɢޡɢʲô
ͻȻһ£΢΢һЦ
ʵԴ쾳ҲʣԼǷûл뿪ңûл¿ʼóĽۣȴԼһ
Ϊʿл뿪ңһңڵɢˣҲʱܲˣûôȴһַʽҵս֮ϣҪԾȥάҵ档
ǱĬĸı䣬µκʿҲ޷ѵ
ҲʼԼ𽥽ӽѾһˣЩԼʵҲԼǿʿҪԼ£õı֡
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ҪǹɣҼʶ㣬ѧʶԨȨıһ£ȴǺ츳ԼҪ͸öࡣ
֪֮䣬̸Щ⣬ĸпȻתƵԶɹķ֮ϣͻȻէ֣ƺһЩʲôˣӣҲƤ飬ƴճͼ𣿡
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Ҳָı飬ƺͻȻǾÿľ׳ӼɫŮһ㣬˷ʶ֮У˼ҵ˼ǣͼƺҪ߸Զɹıҵ磬ͷųеħ֣㾿˽
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飬ʼɽԲԣ˵ҵõƤ飬δɽǰ磬Ҵͨɳǵͨ
֪ɳﶼ֪δ򿪣ңЩͼҲȫɻ˵
õŲͼֵ̫󣬶̽磬Ǻ塣
ûҵĿĲ磬ҪƻȥɳǷɽأ
ͻȻ˸һĨ˵ľâԴһ˿Ź֣˵


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Ļ͵һ£һʱ侹ûܷӦ
ͼȷĵͼҲûмκι飬ȴװ׼ţδɽѰɳǣȳѺЩħ񣡡
ܼͼҪţֻţţѴ󲿷ƴȫǲǾͿͨɳǣҵͨķ
˸ĹʣʶԵüƽ
ԣɵĬȻ
һֱһ㣬һϰԵĴǾǾãȻͼûм֮еô̽˽壬ⲻ֪⴦طĺôĴѺħҲǻЩħĲлͨһݻɽ磬ҵͨɽİ취
ܹɽıȳɳйѺħȻԴﷵɽ磡
ЩƤļֵڣ
²棬ôǴ֮еջȫԺԲˣֻҵɽ磬Ҫ֮£
磬ųǧ磬ʮǧС磬ÿһ綼һҹеǳ룬Ӧɽ󴨣޿㡭֮磡
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Ƿ˵ʱڣ֪磬ϻıĮԭĴ˽磬˽еһЩʱѷ죬ʱաͨǿգĴĶ죬綴죬Ǻȵ򣬺ϳƵɽ硣
棬磬һôٵ֮½سǵƣų˽磬ĺģɽǵ壬ǳ磡
ڴ˵еɽ磬ֱΪ磬ΪӲĵڱڣԳһ硣
ˣߣˡ
и˵Ǳķν֮ν֮棬ʱռͬʱڣ֮գĴըſٵء
ʱƣ塯ơڵĵɽ磬ɽ磬뷲ԽԽԶֱޣ㽫ӭĩʱʱ֮ɥʧֻʣһӵư˼磬˺綼ڡ
ʵֽԤѾʵһˣǰԶʧɽҲڣңǻڽԶȥ龳ָӦգ磬ҲͬѰá
ΨлԵɺ֮£ҵһᴩȷͨп׷ʱգѰҵɽڡ
Զ֮ʱɹͳι磬һ֮ڵĵط޾޴ܣ˼ߵɼѰ˶õűô޴ջˣһҵɽ磬˵ľ޴ŲܻõǶôľˣ
²޵֮ʸǽֽ֮ƵƵ˶ʿл÷ű¼óƶϣ֪е˶˵ջˣɽĶֽΣ
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ٴγ߱ͼ̽硣
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˶ϰ˱չǱ޵ʿʮʱʮʱһ㣬Ҳû̫Ĳֻͣǵ˷þòǰһһ̽Чʴ󽵵͡
ˣǳ࣬Ҳ֮̽ڵĸɽǣһֹѺħ֮ʮ崦޷سʮôҲȥˡ
֪þյĵûäĿȥǱѡ˷ء
ڷ֮ǰ˷ɽѶнõĵͼ洦Թǲǡ
֮⣬·ļǣȥһ£֣ħܱʬ档
ܵԲ˵ڳеħ񣬶Ǻѹһܹлл꣬Ҳ֮ࡣ
Ųлֱ꣬һͷԶޣһǧڣһֻ̹ħУԶǺϬţȴ֮أ˲лΪռ֮⣬һֻ޴ļǣޱȵļ̣Ӵ󣬾Ϻõϡ
ǧڵǿϧˣݹżأһ̺ǿߣѪˮԪΪýΪ綾ɱΡ
ʱ䣬ѻΪʬǵڣκζԶڣû֮ͬеǿĶ
ĲлüֵҲߣ˸һȡ㷢̺ԶʿԪ֮ȴ̺ͨΪǧڵ츳صԪϵС
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ܹȫںŻ̹ħĲл꣬ҽ֮գȫҵһ㣬֮Ϊһ˺ʿǿȻӴҲձյģͺһˣͬǳԷ˿԰ǿ׳ţЩȴƼݣҪǸ˸ǣԼù̶á
ͻϵһ£Զ޵ľ޽͸ϣлѡϽǧڵĲл̺Ԫ֮ʱɵµʮ񾳸ƽ֣ΪۣǶǷһ飬Ҫǽڼҹǰ£ΪЧȥ嵣ιڻ̹ħĲлܹ꣬Чḁֻ̃ʿôһǿĲл꣬Ҳ㹻ĸǺǱ
˿νǸԴϲʮ񾳸֣ȻҵĹӴлĻȴûУէôǳ޴

һΣҴľӢĶ࣬оͨĸˣ󷨶ԸЩȥħл꣬´࣬ЩȻĿֲħȴѡرܿҲǡ
ص֮ʱ֧̽ѰСѷء
ţⲻϵôǴпɻ˳
ûм棬Ƿ֣һʿӭЦӯӯص
ϵôˣ磬ߵˣпһĵ׺
ĳƺǺԼͬ
֣򵥣һ·˳硣˿ύҲԵ̫ĮҲҳһ˿Ц⡣
̫ˡЦϵܣ˼Һܿ㰡
˵Ҳࡣ
ܹ֮֮㷵أҪҾһ㣬ĴȻɸ򵥣ֻΧ͸ֱ
ʵΣܹȻޱȡ
ƺҲЩϸ΢΢ͷЦ
һ֮˵Լ⣺Ѿ뿪ǰһ֧ѰСӷֵĿռɶ֮ˣҷ֮ڴ˵Ⱥ㣬תĿ͡
Ŷ뽲ɫһ˵
ʵҲûʲôֻת㣬֮󣬿뿪˴ǣǺطòҪڴ˽絽ܡ˵
ϵܣ˼Ҷ
Եظ̾
˵Ҳĵ׺ȴûܹĴ
⻰ţϾԲˣ޷
Ҳûб缸仰͹Ժ֪Լԭʲô
ֵϵܣʲô㣿Ҫ磬ǷǺ
һû
Ȼˣ̽ǣ֮дһΣҲ֣ͨжʮ񾳹Ƕ˺ȫһǳصĹ߹ħ
ӹһ˿
û뵽ԼȻΪ˺Լǡ
˺ܶľΪĶҲŶȡôԶ˵ĶԻɵ촽΢ܣ˵һ
ӣô
ħĲл꣬񶼻ûгջ񡪡̰ãǲ˰ɡ΢Цػش
Ŷ𣿡ӹһĨʧԭˣðˡ
ұǸŶԣ֣ԲסˡԴǸص̬ȴܼ
ѳԱ㣬αظ̫Ϥӵȥˮ
ܾ֮²뿪Ĵж
Ҳ֪Σ᲻ΪͲǵĶڹĵǣʱѰɳǣȻƤ飬ǰɽ
ȻĲ²⿴翣֮һĻʵ֣ҲֵȥԵģϾ鱳漰棬ʵ̫ˡ
ӣǰСµĽţ֮ǰƺ·
֮ɽһ·Ŀĵĥʱ⣬ͬʱȴҵɳǵ
ͻȻħ̽·ȷ淢һƣԶƮ
ƺǸܵһ˵Ϣнһɷγɵķɽ·һ磬ᴩƲ㣬ֱ¡
ӵע⣬ħΪޣɿһ֮ڡ
Ҷеطһ˶˷ɽ̺ʶѶЩǣȻ˿ɹһ֮صǿħ
һ򵥵ѶϢ͸¶ĿѪܵĴۣǰ̽·Сӣ˸ոսӽ㱻ɱˡ
ȷпֲϢǳ磬ĵһͷħҪǿᡣ˿ϣȴصص
ǻǲҪǰˣǧǣӵʵرǿᣬ̽ѰСӶʼ¾棬ѺӵСġ
⵹Ҳǣ񣬾ֹͣҲΪϵ˸͵
ǻȥɡ
ѰòлźһΣȴǲʺ̽ѰȥˣǺǵѡ˳ˡ
ڣǸ취УǰɳǵĻˣͻͬȻȫҲ಻㡣
ҿǺҵˣҪռɽܣ̫׵顣Ӽжռܵ˼Ц
ҲҪ취ԣ²ɺҿ԰֮ϱɽ֮£ȴ⴦áϣԼжռܵҰģ٣ԼȷܹѰɽ֮ǰбҪĵġ
㡭һҪ׸ңҲõȵԼ޳Բӵ㹻Ȩ˵ֻȷзһң㣬һ
ֹգͻȻ֮䣬һһɽ·ʯ£Զɫ΢ȡ
ֻһת֮󣬻һذװĶСɽ˷вֹ
ɽ֮У̺ŵʶϢ·һ㡣
Էɽ֪ͨǣС
ʲô
ħˡâһ֣Ǽɵڶ˵ˡ


478 ʲ
ϣϣо㶼¶һ˿âӣ˵ңȪţԪڣѪħ̣ħħΪ׵Щˣ
ǻ˭⴦磬ȷֵġ
˲ɳ
ʵЩħ˵ĳ֣Ԥ֮У֮ʱҲûкϸڣȴû뵽Щ˾Ȼ˿
ǼԪ˾飬ѶԲɳڶ˰ɡϵ
ô˵Щ˶ǶǱڵвҪ̶Э飬ͬ˽ܡ
ǷһµļȵߣȻҪΪάܶߣֵ˾֪ûлþ޴棬ĹҲĨɱˡ
飬г㣬ԵֻҪǼûӦǰڣͲܶҡĸҲ֪˵壬ɵͷͬ˵
ħɵڶ˵ܿҲԪȫûռݴ˵أǰ̽·֮˲Ǵ֮Ļһʱͻ˳ȥѶҲټǣҪˡϲ²ǲǰڵĵط£ر
˵߰ɡ˵ҲкһĲ²⡣
Ȼ죬˱ٽյ߷ķɽ飬ҾͿ乩֮Уƺоͨĸ֣ܹҵǣŰǵĶա
ϲ²⣬С£ħ˳ֵһŶȥ
ʱ֮з̶ֶţУͻĽڶһ˳֣ħ˳ֵĵطȴ˽һ㣬ǹ̶Ľڣ翵Ԫ֮
ȻֽҲֵģֵλõƮ׽˵һ̻ڣһ̱㽫ʧΪͨ롣
ٹʮ죬ȫ·ʮڡ
һžźΡɽĻȵأܣͦεɽ岻ʱ׺·Ļդһ㣬Ӳγһ޴
Ȼ쾳磬Ҳòһ㣬ʵʵطɽԽ룬ӵݵشͨ
£񣬶ȹٵĵˣУûһλʿܹ̹Ȼס
֣һأôѡΪۼĳأ
֮ʱɵﷸֹ²ǰԭ
ɽȣԶԶӦٹǿϢһɫСϳ˸ֵʱףԭ취ħΧڴ˵أЩȻϾͷ·ǼǽǺѳȥ
һΣӭ˵Ȼ磬ԶԶˣû¶һ˿ϴ鱻ܵΣȻӭ
ϵܣÿǿ졣
ǰ̽һյͣϹˣô֣˼ҿʲôԸ֪Ϣͨɵöһ
ԸûУֻ½ħˣش塣¶һ˿Ī΢ЦȻ֪Ļ
ֲߴͽ̡Ȼ
ͽ̲ҵҲֻͼλżȻ֪ѡæ˵óҲǸûǰʲôӵܵļӣħ˼λзǿߣңѱ˻Ҫռ˵ǲˣΪȡЭ̣ͬܡ
ͻϵԣɾ
ҪħЭ̣飬Ԥϣֻû뵽ôЩħ˽ӴˣҿӣƺСĳͻ
˶óЩħ˶½ɽ֮У޷ѣΪ˾ŬǾ䣬ЩħҲ֮ЮԱ̨ʹΪأһʱ֮䣬ҲλϴҾš
ңȪţԪڣѪħ̣ħ֮⣬ûħˣͻȻ뵽һ£׷ʵ
ʱûз֡粻ΪʲôҪôʣɾȵؿһۣôˡ
ûʲôûоͺãһжڿɿطΧ֮ڡһæ˵
ңȪţԪڣѪħ̣ħħţɣθ˴Ļǵֻ˵Ҳִ󣬴Ӷʹûй
ԭϵǵĻй֪˽ܣİɣҲɵӣǸ֪ƣôҶֺãʵʵҽˣҲܳᣬǿĺֽˣԴҶûкô翴ɫ΢һ£漴Ҳµ֮£Ц
ˣ滹ʮ⣬Ǹ߰ɡʾͬʱһ䣬ϵǰĺˣҪҵڵĽڡ
һ£漴Ȼ⵹ҲǣڿʼԽԽ˶ҲţһССľٶҲ󣬸Ϊע״ĿǺõӡ˵ҪǴ뻵ӡǿɾˡлѡ
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йؽڣ֪ӣеǻṲ£пͬ壬ΪԤϡ
һ㣬ѾҪûԺգúύһҲƵƵӴϧ𽵹ʾõԵʡ
һۣȻ֪˼Ҳ³һЩ΢΢ͷʾ졣
˽ɽȣϵ˺Ҳٽţʱɵµʿһ˺ܿ˹פҾ
Ȼϣ֮⣬˶ȵˡ
ǹȥݼָ
ûϺΧȺԼŹȥֻĹ֮ϣ޴ë̵̺أѱʿΪӪ⽼һʻ
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¯֮ϣ뵣ûΪˣȵ޵󣬻֡
м㣬Ѫ֮ЧʹԪ̥ʿԪ֮İףӵЧ
˵ȼ֮󣬿ʹϸ㣬ܱ֮еΣգͬʱʹ࣬˷Ҳ硭⸱Σɵһ
֪ΪԪ֮ɶõļƷڸ߽ʿԣҲǼΪѵõܡ
λ϶Σ̵һĻǷۣ̻𣬽ܹԵޱʥׯϡ
Ų£棬λϡ
ˣ滺۾һտȻŭ¶
ؾ񡣡˵
л棬лλϡڶ೤ҾΪȻֱͦš
֪ȻΪ£ʵ
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Ϊӵܣ޲޾֮ȨȻ˽㷢ϱǾ˵˵Ŀɡ濴һۣͻȻϵ˵
⻰һʱ֮䣬ڳ˵Ŀ㲻ؼеϡ
¶𺳾֮⣬Ľʣֲͬζ
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Ҳµ˻Ľӡֿ֮ʱȷ׳Щڵĵĳ購Ҫó衣
ȻûһϵѪҵѪԵӵܶǣȴ˿Էϣ
ôһɱ㹻ˡ
עӣҲɵøܵεѹʱĶͻȻϵ˾ϲĴӣϲҪ㳩ԣչֲܣ֮Чôпܾټ壬ΪҵųԱҲ˵һɳĻᰡ
һҪŻش˵ǻۣһܹ뵽ߵģҲϰ취λش𣬲⣡
΢΢һ漴ҲȻ浱ôһ˵ȷУ˼УԼвܣҲηδúõԼҲ޻˵Լʧôºпܱ㵽Ϊֹˣһб٣ãпܳΪˮ¡
Ȼ׼㳩ˣЦ֮͸λϺ˹ֵ
޷΢۾һĮĵģ
Ҳ֮бĿһʱ֮䣬¾
ȫźУҲУֱ飬̬һ㡣
ħڴפԴΪ˵
ôĵȻԴãΪ⴦ط㷢ϱ䲻ɣֻǸСθҳԣ
ǣҾ壬ΪҪЩħã
棬ϣȻѼȵõȥݺ𷣣ҷ簡
ĻžÿڣʱһƬȻ
˭Ҳû뵽˿ƾһڣȻǶħҷõĲԣʵи˶ĺ
ϣϣˣҲɵ¶ݣѡЩ⡣
ʵ߲֮ǲԣ෴֮£Ψһеͨİ취ǣ˵Ҳֱ̫ף̫תˡ
ãʵӡ󣬿¾ͻãΪȡ棬ȱֶΣˣԵõá
ǣҲѳɾңٵңļ壬Ҫǽȡ֮š
һھãʵ̨棬˵еҲʧܡ
Ϊλ뷨沢ûһ㾪·һлشУֻǵʵ
ΪȣΨһİ취ҲǴ˽֣ΨһķչͬȻԶԣûΪ˵ֶҡ
Ŀ΢ƣƽʵڸղſڵļϿһۣʱлȻʿѡ
ûԼۣǵıֺûʸֳϿڡ
䣬û˵꣬ڲ⣬ʵ̫ˡ
˲ɵñЩڣͬʱҲʼ
ûǣֻǵ籾Ͳȷ֣ǿˣӲġ˭Ҳ֪Ϊ׼˶ãֻߣж˽⣬ΨһʤЩħɲǾ֮Ǻһĳĳħŷֶ档ҲһԸţһȫ㹻ʵƿȫ֣Щħ˵ͳΪãʱ򣬷һǾˡ
˵ЩħˣԸȥȻӹһĨ⣬סеĻ档
ĵһȻϵ漴ȻȻҲԸ⡣
ΪԥȻңҲȷûж棬ٳˣǱȻ֮١
⻰һٴλȻ


479 Լϣ
ȴû˵ķӦ
ǳԼֻҪõϿɣڱΣֺ뿴ɫ
뵽΢΢̧ͷ˿档
ȴɫģֻ˫Ŀ֮տȻƺ˼ʲôòŻڣٴʵ𣿡
ȷ˳棬ٳ˵ĵߣȻǾħңƿ֣龭ӪúãδؾͲܻñȶռĺô˵Ĺؼ֮ڣܣ
ĪҪСԣʵҸղžѾѹؼ֮˵ˣڽħɣǾ֮Ǻһĳĳħŷֶ棬ܹ֮֮ȻܺͶԷ֣֣ǺַƱ˾֪ʱҲֽںεأ
˵Ҳмֵαܿ϶ǻϵ棬ٳˣԳüΪޣڶݣʵ
Ȼ
ҪҾ񾡳һռ˳ͨһ£жħ֪ǲϧҪҲ֧Ų˶ã⴦类ħѳ֣Ƶߡ
ܹŵ֮򣬾ǶħɵĶ֡
뵽һ㣬˲ɵøӺ棬Ҫ֪˵
Ҫ֪ɲſڿӣʱһһУϵµ棬ħ˵ĶˣƱӰճɣˣһҲѡ
еķִ磬¾Ӣ棬ҲþϣȻǬٶϾͺãαʲС
֪˵Ҳûô˰ɣ
Ҳͬ˺ͷģֻΰеĶȣ
һЩӵܣ˼
ʵڳвǷǷȻ֪ܿԻȡˣǲɱ֮£һ̸棬ȻᣬһСС󱲣ܹеΣ
ֽƣ̫࣬ǳ⣬˼ȡõ̫٣ֻӰˣ޷£ħҡ
һ仰Ϊѡ
⣬ô׻شġ
ȴ΢΢һЦƺг񣬵ü֣²һ˵㡣
Сӻͷõ˼ϲľΣʲߣôƵ
СӴô˵ط
Ļ˲аЦ
Ȼɫ΢ҪҶʵ㣬ֻҪشˡ
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٣ҪĶʵ˲ţֻˣƤݵӵܣܹΣ
ˣҵⲢһ˵㣬ΪΣ¹λҶɣȷʵ޷ȡҲ滰֮еʧ֮⣬æ͵
⻰ô˵Դص
棬֪໥֤Ϊĵɴ᣿ʵ
ɴᣬҵȻ֪ѵҪЧµɴᣬ֮ħȻԸҳɰֳܾɣоһʵ
ˡҸղ˵Ⲣһ˵㣬ΪⱾǸҶɹ֮ͬ£ҵĶɿɿãȻܹڶ֮ȡΣֵø棬ҶɲãȻħ֣֮ƽװѱ÷ֵõ湰ˡ
Ļ˲ɵһ£漴ɫ졣
ýƻСӣ˵ƯͷǰƵϣ
²ؼ߸߹𰡡
Ļ˵ĲЩҲֻһţϾĶҵľ񣬸֧˲ţʵмŵġ
ѾײߵĺģǾǰΪٰ춷ᣬħ˺档
磬˵һɽɽ˵һԳҲΣޱȣЩ޵ƤëǼףڵֵǧʹѸ׳Ϊеĺţһ޴ʹǸұƵ̫ԼԸĨһ㶼ָˣǾ;ĳһ޴¶ܣΪеĵز϶ǽܽ˵
Щħ˽ܣȻУɰڲϾһῴƹƽҲǿʳǿΪ׼򣬵ʵϣƶ󷨹صĻǣǿϸƶȻ£Ǽ֮ʵǿĶ֣ɶԴ˽ռ졣
Լ˼·֮Уޱȵš
ȷܹٳɣҪڹжֽţϷָ棬ʵ̫ˡ
ƺҲмֵΪڵƾǺӮ԰ܣܹڶ֮Ӯϼֵø棬ܱȴ̸£ƴһȫʧҪá
ħ˲ͬ˷䣬Ǿֻܱܰ¶Ҹɽ룬һĿܸ΢С϶Ըˡħͬ⣬ħ˷ԣǾ͸ˣҿֲԵΧ׷½أ𣡵ʱĸûˣ̸ιϷ棿
Ļ˲ɫ΢䣬ƺҲڿʼ˼˼ƵĿ֮
ǶǾҷܹ֮˴̽Ѱ磬ʹһʵǻҲ̫Զ
ȻıпܵĻߵڰףżȥܵãԼҲòϣһ⡣
棬ӼƲҿմƶϸȻΪЩħ̸Ѿ̫סضܣȻ󣬱ʵʩģͬˡ
һ붨ѾãƺڱĿεϣ۾ڵһ䡣
һڱѵģȫǲҳݵСϲз
ԣɫ΢䣬вɵһ
ϻ˵õƯһӼƲȻԼ˳ȥ
Ҳû취֪֮еģҲһʱҪԼй֮һкοܹԼײߣѾĶˡ
΢С䣬棬ϣԼλӵܣ徫ǰ˵ķݣ
ԣû˵ʲôֻǿ
пɬɫ֮ȴû˿ֻЦЦλԣٳɴ£ȷӦƶϸڣйЩħ֪ҲǸǻ伢ĳٳˡִ֮䣬Ҳ벻̫ϸڣ͸λϼЦˡ
޷ֻǸСӦǣΡʶȤһ仰㽫Ʋϣд֣ʵ˵
û˵ʲôǵȻһЦ΢΢ͷ
濴һԣɫ΢Ȼˣкߣ˵
϶ʱɫһ⡭һʱҲû뵽
û뵽Ͷ˵޹ʲʲô治ѵ
϶ʱɫͨ졣
壬Чʱ䳤꣬ȢŮΪ޵׸ԣλҲ̫ߣ¼档
˼ˣаЦĵҲһͨʿѣʿһ㣬ģֻһʿȣõֶθºͣҲʧԪֻǱΪۡ
ȻֻСȴǵϵСܣ濴صһ־ͨʿ£ѵֻΪǧǣӸӵܿ
ϴͷ˵ҲֵɣȰϢŭԣʵҲȫ޵
ǳҲԴ£þϵĶ
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Ҳ֪ЩϲΪԼ˵ŵϣƮƮһ仰ԼƲά󱲣ΪԼǣǲɵЩ΢ա
ݵߵڰ׵Ĺ򣬵ǵΪһ㣬Ѿﵽ֮ͨ豹棬ˡ
ǿͷ˵龫ǣֻԴ£ǰ²ãάһ޳ܣ
ڶеĶҲЩȥ߷߲ƽص
ûʲôϣиϵҹҲȻȻҲûʲô
ټϣҲţӢضܵЩɱΣˣû̫ĵġ
ͻȻ΢ͷ֮зһ˿Ц飬ƺܹңңǰ飬Щ
ͻȻ֣ԽԽζˣ֪Ϊ
УˣȡЦҡȴҪԼżҲЩŭǱر޲
΢һ£ȴԽ϶ԼĲ롣
һֱҪͶ̥תΪ飬³
Ƕض˵ˡʱνۣص鲻ƶ֮£Ҳͬڱ㾡һ³Ѷöɡ
飬ǺģڳҾӢԻ˷ѾĻȥ롣
ڳӵ֮Уѡ˼ླϵĸ֣ȻԸȥЩħ˵ɳʹ̸
͡
ȥܿЩеħЭ
ķչȻϣЩħ˵֪磬ȫֳŨȤɳʹǰ̸ʱҲ֪ԭֻɵĳһ壬ĳһ֧
ͺñңΪŵ壬ʵϣȴԼ档
ңȪţԪڣѪħ̣ħħΪ׵ħˣͬˡ
ңΪһǵ´ӣһķླʿ
ȪΪȪĪңǼһϴǰ
ԪΪԪ䡼ңϴνУͬǼĳϡ
ѪħΪ̫ϳϵǹңϴνеĹ䭣ҲΪżҸ֡
ԱΪӵħɾңһΪСΪֻħһϼǺʮɢͬðգЩɢޣǿ崦ƽλãħ֮ΪСɢ޻֪ʱʮԸɢޣȡԭħ
Щһ磬ҵľѻʧʮ֣ҪͷԱ¶в˵ȫûҲյҼɵţͶֻܰɽ¡
ʱ˫棬˴ɫЩá
ǰĳˡ
ȻǷླʿ֮ΪԣȴΪңӣͬʱҲǴˣħƾٳЭ̡
λϹ˹֣ʵ֪ǰ֮£β
ȥӵܣѾЩħ˵⣬Щħ˰ƣ׷棬Ҳֻнһ;
˵Ǵڴ˾ٰ춷ᣬÿ̶ǵĶȣ飬Ҫϡ濪żɽԼţȻ֮˵һ顣


480 Լ£
Щ죬漴ҲȻ
һ£ֻͷҪ֣ռ磬˵֪ǣҲȻӦ̸֮
Ϊŵɴĳڣķ磬ǿ֮ƵĳͻǿҷԴ˷ģʮԸɢޣ֪Լұ޸֮ƼӦؽɥʧ
ӦҪ˵棬ܷƽ߳Ҫ˵ԸԴģֵͬĻǾЩ˴ڵġ
ˣǱ㽫ǣΪȣϵʮɣеɣµ߶ɣ𣬸̽Ѱõλã;źͬھ򣬵䣬Զɼ䣬һӵ֮ãǿΪ𣬰Ҳķڷ
˴ᣬÿʮһΣȡʮݣʮɶ䣬ʤ߻ʮݣ׻ŷݣ׻˷ݣԴƣֱĩһݡ
λɢޣɼκɹ̶ݡ
Ĺ֮Уһӵ٩٩̸˾³̡
һħԣɵ΢΢ͷ
һ취ҪԾΪҳλ뢼棬ǵĵ̣ǰţ޷֮Կͺ㹻ĸ
ΣһԼɣҲٽƲ
Щ³̣Ǵϲֻʮ֮λʮ˾ǲ̫һЩҳս֣ÿҶˣҹʮˣΣ
ңҪУӵܣܹ񾡳ǲʿսһ飬Ǹֻɳһٶʮ£г˵ӵܳս˵ȣΪΥ棬ңսӵܲɶü崫µرҲʩչսϵطֳֶֻΣΥʧ۴
ħʿһ֮˼
зǳĵزȻҶռͷһҶ󣬶Լսѡʵޣпܣ޷һռñˣҲʤĻᡣ
ЩħƣҲ޶ۣȻ֪ʲôǱȡġ
ֻɳһٶʮ£г˵ӵܳսַطֵóʤ̭ףסһʿź룬ҡͷ
һǶζĳԲͬ˸͵
֪һᷴԣЦΪףºӵսãܶúΣ
Ц˲żüãӵҲн֮ܳλ²ܶúΣ
ǼȻˣβ飬ѲμӴгˣ
⡭
Ҫұƴвʵˣһײĵ洫һڲſ֮Уȴ졣
Ϊңһϵʿ̫ģԼµĲʧܣĩΡ
ңռݾšʮҲȻܹջݡ
Ҳֻʮ˲μӶᣬÿ˵ԭԱһҶ
磬ÿɳˣʮ˲μӣҶռǰףɷֵʮţˣƶʮ߷ݣĳһս԰ܣʮбһ
ʮ˲μӣÿˣɢ޲붷֣ǹ̶ݣôĩҲջ񣬿һο塣
˫һϸۣ󣬻òͬ
ٴνϸ飬Ȼ
ȣǶ󷨸Ϊÿһ죬ֹƽҲһʱʧܵӭͷϵĻᣬһʼʮһ죬δ̫
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һʵͣĩҲԴлܹķݵջ񣬶ʵǿߵҲֻռһܹʮջ
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˵һյڣôЩǴӺδٴ˽磿Ƥӵ˵⴦ؽ磬ԭƺġ
ӽһ
ݴ⴦ؽ磬ԭһԴԴĵطֻǴ˴أƺ̺ɷʴˣ֮׷ѰҪк͡
۽ٰɷ֮ħͷѹ˴Լǿγʵ
᲻ЩѺħͷģҾ޳֮ڣħأʶҲκٸʵ׵Ȥ뵽֮Уһͨͨɽ磬ǲɵýʾ֭˼һ
ѷ죬ٵŲƷٵͨעת֮һֵ
һ̫ڰɫ໥֯У߸ߵعա
ķΧǳ޴󣬴˸޳ǣеħӰС
ֹǴ󣬻ڻת޴С
鷽̾Уָ⴦ط
ƺԴͷʱɼ׹б֣ȻŸɽͷȥ
ÿһ޴׹⣬бҪһڹ⣬·ЩԴڱ磬ǿԽգ֮Զʱ
Ҫ˵Ƕ飬û񾳣û֮гʿҲˣЩѷ̺⾳򵥡
ͨգħҲȴЩһ㣬²ɣϢ
ָоͺǣЩԴֽ񣬶Զţ
¡
¡
һţ׹˸ͣӳŵӰ֮ϣԪϵĶ˳˼֮С
ȥɡͻȻ˵
ˣȻ
ˡ
ҾãǴطпܡ˼ص
߾ѾҪ̫˼ֱֱˣֻҪûܵɱΣʶǿĴڣĸӦ
Ҳоǣûͨİ취֪ΣҪˣǰ˵صĿģֻΪѡѵ
ĵ̾һǱܵ˳ӣЯԪϻس̡
ȷ˵ֻΪѣ˵Ī⣬ͣһֶðżգȻٺҴ
ܹ̽鵽޳ǣˡ
֮˻ع鱾Ԫᡣ
۾ֻеԪһڣȵƣ룬糱ˮӿ
Ȼû̫ķҵȴܵ˺ƺǹ̫ã˵ˡ
Ī٣Ȼ
ͺעĿ̫ãͷĿѣһ㣬Ԫ壬Σյش̫ͣãҲ񣬸οʶ̽ӣעĿħעĿס
һξҲѵãԹˣʷǷĻпܽһķֻͨʱ漰֮һʦǰ㣬ˡ
һУϵ˶ãȻ֪ΪʵʵشӪ֮УûֱڶʱԪЩ𣬺عһ
Ǵе֪ɢʧ˼Ԫûлָ
⵹ˣƺر壬Ԫ棬ôһҹûлظӹһ˿죬󵨲²⣬Ҳû뵽Ȼ죬ɽƵ̽һȦ
ӣô죿ǵʵƺԽ̽顣ѹеɻתʵ
һ磬ʾġ
ϣ˵öԣӲΣǽ֮£飬ǽȥϰɡ˰֣ɫص
ǵҲãܻа취ġϵ˵ͷ


483 ֮ߣϣ
һھ޳ͣգܱߵαɲᣬȻɽתҲڴ˵̽Ѱһ
ӱ𴦴Ѷ֪ȷһڣطǣû˺ΰĹģϵ˲Ҳʵһ
գ𴦵ķɽѶϢʮǳ֣еĵͼҲ𽥱
˵ȻҲûţΧɽչ̽ѰͬʱѭԼķַأӶԷŵ֪ĵƣȻһֳԶŽ°˷顢ɷ֮ΪãȺף򴨼
仰˵ֵ⴦طпܾġ
ӵͼ岼һ޴ޱȵķ󣬶ģǵϵķˮۣΪؼڡ
ͳ̽ϵŴ£Ҳרæʱ棬֪֮Ϊ˵г̣ôУ겻⡣
ںǲո͵;ʹȥ󱲻Ϊݹǣ˶ȥѰ·ȻǲҪҲԶԶܿ
һʱ䣬ƹɽڳȷ⴦ֵķΧΪ޷ϸ̽ԵʣֻڵͼͿһƬ
ӣʦܣ
޳֮һĵأϰµõĵͼʿд˹̯ǰ
µĵͼλʣһ˳Ƕٰʱˡָͼָ˼طֶ⼸ǣҪ˵ġ
Ĵ̽ѰͬʱңĪңżң䡼ңңȷѾ֣ʼͼϵĳǡ
ܳɣÿҶԻһĹħл꣬Լֺǵȱ߽ϡָɫص
ˣӹûָص
ֻϧǲΪ
ռʼߵĴֲ֣ҵȣǹӦǰ˵ϻ㿴ǲüر󲿷ָ㣿ʵ
Ҳó֮УйԼͷȥ˼ֻ֪Լ־ڴˣҲʵû˼ͱЩ
ϣ֪ΪҺãħл꣬ٶҲܵԣźǼףҲֻܳϣȻǲĶҲδضһ޶ҡͷǶЩȤĻճɣ϶ҪóΪ͵ģʱҰҪǡ
⵹ءЦҵޣٶĵرҲ޷ͻƵԲ磬Ҫ̸ˣǰЩǰ;ԶſȽϺá繫˵ЩٺãҲܵ԰
ûа⻰棬Ϊ֪۹֮ĸⶼʧȥˣ̸ηڣ
ԼΪϵúôֻ£Ҳ
ϣϢ֮⣬Ǳߣû룬ʵ
ʱ䣬Ȼ̽ѰʵǷǳĽŸ飬ΪʿפĴӪ
û˵һͷֻ£һʱ䳤פϵ
룬ֵˣôһᣬҲϴηɽѶʱƺᵽҪһ뿪ͬʱļԸⳤפ˵صӵܣԱƿ硣
ҪֳפҲǱȻģͰѴô˵һ뿪ȻֻӵܽԣͻȻ뵽⡣
ֻǵģ˴磬漰̫̫࣬ͨӵܸûʸȾָֻҪɵϵĺǰƿأܰġϵ
Ȼ֪ϿеĵϵģָǺеЩˣзֲڴĶ죬ˣǱӵǡ
Щ˶ȡշһԽǺõĲл꣬ϡϣԽá
飬ҲԱģΪˣֻ¶ͽһ£˳ֽҸˡҡҡͷ
ȻвʣЩҵϵУȴ顣
ѪԵϵ֣֮ݵλ£ȻܰҪĲҵǺĵˡ
ӣ꣬¹ֻҲܳΪҵĺӵˣС壬Ҳһϯ֮ءϹЦ
ϣĪЦҡЦãȴЩ޿κεص
˵ӣ㾿ôо仰Ȱܾˣڴ˵˷˲ʱգҲʱһ£뿪ˣȻЩϲվҲǰ취Цֵ֮
֪ڴ˵أȻԼĴ㣬ϲҵġ
ǲ飬Ҳܲµδɰɣϵ
ʲôϷۣҵȷЩ˽£Ҫڴ˵ɣѾòˣղ˵飬һᾡһµġ
ǾͺãˣҲԷˡ
ǾɣҪ鷳λȥǴֻɽΧ̽⴦ķΧȻԻȥˡ
˵գиȥԵɫҴҡ
ԣ
֣֡ҡͷ
ʦ֣ǵӵòֶĻᣬʧ䣬ԲŽһϿ˻һۣʵ
ˣ̽ȴƺں£˷ѽ⡣ϵ
϶һۣ˴УҲɵ÷һ˿Ź֡
ȷЩӣûٶԼĶͽκġ
Ҳ˵ǲں£ֻǣķӦЩ֣ĲɶһЩѵ治ɫȴڻ
Щ͸
һ飬ԼҲŰɣҿǻǲҪˣСǸӣɲ鶼ܡ
ԳһЦ˵
ңղӲѾ̹ԣҪδ𣿵ԼˣȻͻǻȥ
˵˵Ϻȫ
ϵ˽һ̸֮˫֮䣬ҲĬûΪţܱ߿̽졣
һ·ϣɫž޲κ촦ڰУȴ붡
ôܴУҵɽ
޳ľɳǣʢƣضǹؼ֮֮ҪΪȡմﵽϳˣֻȴﵽϳˣндʸ񡣡
⣬ͼֻǷصƤ飬ҲǱز֮취޲ǡ
ûǣҵͨɽصҲǲŶ롣
а˼š
ǰЩӵ̽ǰ׷ѣһȦóۣһҪԼӵһʵ򣬾޳ɹ֮ڶȴǱҪǾŷݷɢƤ飬ֻаǻԭͼͨɽܲŻ
˵ûͷҲܣܹٸʵ׵ģȰԼʵҪӶ֪֮Ϊ͡
ֻǣƤ󣬲ôѰõĶʵ޷յĽܾЯƴնɵĲͼȥ
ףҪ㹻ǿʵԱӦ֮ͨеΣա
ڵΪԪǿȣҲǿΪˣƺܻȱ˼ֻ򡣡ֵ
ǷĴ󹦳ǳô˻ᣬҪ鵤ҩܹóԸֻϧǿʿģ඼ЩǱĻ֮ҩΪ˴¾ͰԼǱ˷ѵʵ̫ˣ֪ˣҲҩġҵʿֵķţ˵
ͲˣǲΪ˾ȥʳЩҩġЦ
ȻޱȣʵԣΪǱΪֵ
ӣǸղյ˷ɽ顣
һҹʱ֣һʿԶѶ
Ƿɽ飬δ̽ѰǼ٣ûôƵ𣿡붨˼ֵ
ùҿֵ
ǰŵʿѴϡ
չż㣬Ϊһ£֣Ⲣ֮еĵͼ洦
֮ǰ̸飬Ȼˡ
ڷɽټ˷أؽţһЩҪԱ֮⣬ǲܺ͵λʤδ˵ӵܣ룬ȡ֮Ľǵڶľ
Ͼ֮ʱڸΪ磬ȫһ족Ϊأʱܹټ֣ҲֻǺеӵܣֱӾеĸЩԶǣ̽յӵܣϻء
еׯ԰Ҫأ̽յӵҲҪͣԶӵҲҪ磬Ҫʼˡ꣬Ц
Ԥе顣ϵ˲û̫ྪȣֻ˵
ǻضȥɣһʱ䣬֮Ҫˡ˵
ǿʼ۷֮ʱٵķȥ
ֻ֮ڶ̶ţˣ磬ʵıҪǶҪӶࡣ
˻صǴʱ򣬺Ȼ˵ѾôΪͬˡ
ԭһߴĻɽ£һΰʯǰȻͦ·Ѵǧһ㣬ܣʱʱԹɵľӿ·Ұް㣬Χʯǲ¡
֮УԼɼʿڳѲ߮ˣڲǷˣɵĶȻʮ˴ľ
ʱԿʿԷʯѻǽֻߣһһľ޴񾫣ǣ£
УһʵĹӰ·ָĴ֣ʱӳڵ棬веʿܵõȷָ˴˺޼䣬˿ҡ
תۼ䣬һߴʮɵǽѻˣֺܿ죬ǽӲرѹʵʯǽٹһʱ䣬ʯǽ֮⽽ֱġ
̨¥ˣ·һεض
ʯԽԽΰӵĽҲԽԽַ࣬ķģˣԶԶҲٶȣΪعš
ģЩӣ취ֲ©Աܹƿش˴ռһ簡ϼ⸱龰ɵñ̾
ҲòϣԼĽ֮ƣֻǴϵıԣʵʩģȴҪֶΡ
˳һǣλԲأ治ϧ١֪ôһطˣҲԽ
ʩΪԶϾɢ޵Ĳ֮ģʹý˳á
£һҲͬ۳ڽɡ
뵽һط
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ͬ
֮ȫɽ뵽ոս𣬻ԵЩֲڵΰʯ֮УʱȴһЩԭӦڴ˳ֵˡ
ƾϦгӵܣҲʶʶϳ˸֣ڤϣִƱ̹ӣҲˡ
Եĳϣ
ǣԭֵӦѾеˣǰյˣȻҲڴ˳ˡ
ʦ㣬ôһȺԼ壬Ʒϴӭһ£о֮


484 ֮ߣУ
ôܣǲҵףҳϺѪԵɿĺôȫˣ
ͻϵ˽סۣʱ㷢֣Լֻˡ
࿴˳֣ȻһЦԶԶرӭеʦܡ
ʦ㣬ʱ࣬ٴμ࣬ȻϲȴǾ棬̲סʵ
ǻصǺ󣬾˵淢гӵܶ˵ɫҲɻ󣬡أôҲڣ
ɫƺҲûϵ˻֡
ԭĲ룬˷ǣȻﳤפȴ̽Ѱǡ
ͻˣȻҲǷǺǻϡ
飬˵̾һ漴Լ׷ά˽𣬰Ĵ¾ࡣ
ոտڵʱ򣬻ϱȻѵӣ沢û˵òҪ֮͸¶
ǣԲʿлԲܷҪܣʱʶش˴κһ˿˵硯¶Ҫ٣ֹҲ뵽һ㣬Щŵص
飬˵ȴǵʿգʶӦ֮κһֱӦӶ㵽Ӧǰ֮£˽ת
νͷԲʿ
һ䲢ûб¶ֻǵӦ֪ˡ
Ȼ沢ûп⽻˽糣ʶ֪ʿͨˣȥᴥҪԾάͼԶ
˵ֱ֮ľҲǷǵľ
ԭβάȥ֮յʱ˵֮ߣд˷ǣǲû̫ͣãܿͷ֣еңȻûãڳеĸֶ㳲뿪ǡ
ȻݵӵܣϾĺӵܣһʱ֮䣬˸֪ʲô¡
Ȼٸ֮ãˣһΣ֪ͨѡ¿ɿӣ½ֵһĵأԼֵ˲࣬ҲûʲôѡģԽ˶˹
ֻ˵ʱ򣬷һСһֱǵɶȻûͨӲǱϽˣɶΣֻҸ࣬ȥ
ɶܱǰǲϡˡĵ飬࿴Щ죬ȴ
ɶ뿪Ҳã˹Ҫڴˣ뿪
ҵֶΣӦǲѲݺΪģҲװܱ¶
뵽ٴȷϵ㵽ڻ֪
֪ǵϷ̱֮㱻ŲǺȻתշﻨһµʱ
ǵ֮ûټ㣿ʵ
Ǽ˼Σֻû˵ʲôֻǽԼ߶
ʵ⻰˵ίеĸ߽ʿֱǰ˶һԴ
ڣҪôʿϰմ޵ıչӣҪôݵ΢ԹҲ޴߿࣬ȫӹЩ֮⣬ҲС
ҲЩȴӣۼ֤ĵ֮ʯǰεض𣬸裬Ӧ磬ԪĲtҲ𽥶ǿţҲ߶ŷ˻
Ͷˣʯǿؽõģûг׽֮ǰ绹пΪ֪ᡭ

ԥһ£ջûаԼľ˵
ҵڴ˿ػĵأ˵ǷһԶŵżɫ֪δƺʲôҲǴϻ֮ˣ֪ضԵɣЩ飬ǲҪ֪̫ΪãˣҲûٸʵףֻ޵̽ٹãǱ뿪ǱˣʱǸô
̽顣
ᵽɫҲɵЩ죬ʵ˵ǣƭƭûмʶʿԣңиϳʿˣǲŵġ
ҲԼоˣ⴦ؽ粢ѰпܣѾǺС
͵ԶżɣȻû˵ҲҪʣֻǼɵͺáڸôûбҪġ̾һ
ţ֪ˡӦ
ֿ˿ȺˮŵӲڣ˼ʵʦ㣬ЩŵأѵҲɶһ
⵹ǣǶͨ˼ϵ飬ǰˮʦ˵£Ѿ뿪Ǻɽȥˡ
Ѿȥ𣿵ǿϧˡԣвЩź
Щŵʶһ£ȴû뵽һʱʧ֮ۡ
ȵ´ټѾ֪Ǻʱεˡ
ʦܣҺˮʦֱ֮ǰѾ̹Ϲ̸һˣöҲǳţұǧѴӦʮ֮ڣضµͶ
ʲô㾹ȻѾ̸ˣЩϲ
⵹ûʲôźˣѾ顣
֪ǣȻᡣЦ
һ˵ţһʯȥʱ򣬲Ͱ׶Ҳǰ񣬲飬ƺ֪ĵϸֻΪͨĻĵ
Ҳһʱ䣿оΣɻϰߣ˵ʱŹ˵Ϻ˵
һаáЦЦҲû˵ʲôֱڿ죬ʦ֣طֱȴĮҲϡ֮治ףΪǨˡ
Ҫô˵Ǽ£ΪҵĿ䣬Ҳ쾭֮£ǣǲΪЧˡ
Ҳ˼æ
ղᵽ飬һעģϡҲҪһ취Ǽӷͬʱȡڴ˵¿Ц
Ҳֻ֪벻ͨҵľٶıԹʲôƵ̬Ҳȷ˵ʵдգЩˣ໹¶֪ʲô飬ˣ䲻
鷳ǣֱ׵ظǣ磬ټǰΪ˹ڴ˵صľӪҪչΪɱħȡл꣬źȵȱĴӪ
Ǹãһ£ʲôҲûǳ⣬Ҷе÷ùˡĻ˵˵
ȻȻĴ඼ֻ³ʿգϢݳȥҪĹƺͷⲻ˵ġҡҡͷа
˸Իȥʱֵ֪ԭǨӵܣǰ㿪ʼˣǸʱ֮ĴѰǣûб֪ͨ
ΰʯҵפأ˳ǿԼʮʮ󣬱⣬ӵܾѱׯ԰ȵʩԭׯ԰ֻСסڳеģҲǸӵܺµĿ䣬
ǰڳǰݼ棬Ͼ˷ֿһʱ䣬ջ뷢֣Ҫ㱨
ڣƺҲǼӡõֶΣӦüǵˣû£ڼ߶ûдġа
ˣ˵ֱȥɣͨغڴģǵһǰǵ񾳸֣ʶ
Ȼ룬Ѿǵˣн֮ͨ£ɲһӵܹеĴ
л˹֣Ȼ֮С
пյһƬ֣ƺѱǲȥһţͬʱħΧԡ
澲ףպϣ΢ͷ֮У¶һƣ£ûһ˿Ѫڡ
꣬Ѿ϶ȥֻһǡ
֮ͨʿϣԶ֮أǼ۷ã˵ʱ֮еһֻ̽ߣмЩħ˵еĸ֡
һ棬ˡ
䣬һĺӦã˲Ϣ֮׵ǣͻȻһϢ
ֻһ٣ıˣûۣҲû˿ֻһ翵ڿտյĵ֮е죺˺£
ǰ£ֻһпʲôҪȥģ
ողŴ淵أͲزЩˣһ£Ҫѡ񡣡
뽲
Ҳˣڴ˵ľǵӵֻȥδӣʵ
ϣפ˵أΪЧʻ΢΢һ漴ϵػش
ʵԭ뷵ǣԼʵѰƤģȻ涼еӵǨȻС
ܺãѵ˼ұԸ첿פ硣Ȼϣѡʮο
л档ԥһ£վûеѯʣΪҪеǨ
Լод㣬ûȫԼ׵Ľ֮ߡ
һΧԹħܿҪгЧˣʱǻԼճɾΪʮݣʮɶݽɢΪʣݣƽ֣ȵӦõǷݡֵȴ̸˶Ľ͡
ˣԺÿһ춷ᣬ׼ճ֮ǰƽֵĲֵ֣ңá
⡭ԣԾ
Ҫ֪һݿʿջʮ֮һȻһĲлźҲԲڵõЩ
ȡħл꣬βɷȥĹħʵѾɥʧ࣬ǿˣ֪ɳΧԶӣ֮Ⲽ跨ɳʿգ̽ȷ֮еĹħʵȻ󣬻Ѵʱ䣬ˮĥȡȻŻܹ
ǧϳʿͳһָӵȣ˾չͨչֳǼ侪˵ģȫʢ֮ʱĹħȻЩϡĶҧʱ֮ãѡɿӦԵĶ֣ѽӽ;ƿݵĹħվпܱɱ
ĹħɱԲͬȥʬֻɱһͷҲԹϷ֡
ÿ춷ᣬ̶һãԼϱ֮£Ľˡ
ɱħһ׵飬ĿǰΪֹѾһ֮˰ʱ䣬񾳺һླʿˣҲԼֲ跨ĵرָ鵤ҩҸЩϣ֪ճɣȷ֮ףΪ˴󹦣ҲȵõЩ
סóϷص
Ȼϲϣ֮£ȴŴͣҲû
ĿǰΪֹԼã൱ġ


485 ֮ߣ£
ӳдҲʱס
һռؽǧĶĴԺڸոսɲãȻŵĳζ·ɽһ㣬ԺڸֻЩҾߣԵΪªΪʿǬȻװȡǺ֮վʱЩƽҲûд
ңҲһǳأз˹ĴڣһЩʿʦΪͼʡ£Ϊʯ˲ٵʯʯʯΡ
ӡϴԺ߳û¶΢Ц˵ȥˡ
Ҹոմ˿ƺлҪԼ˵֣ϣ룬ʲô˵
Цţ΢΢ͷ
֮˽ԺУ˵ȴֱ֮飬Ȼһ޶Ϊ֣ͨ⣬ԶԶҪࡣ
˵¶֮н˶û˼⣬ȴǷණ
ͬʱϵҲħĲл;βɷ˲ָõЩ֮󣬲˵Ѿ˴롣
Ȼû˵Щ飬Ҳ͸¶̫ࡣУԭλǰΪ¹ӦʸҪ󣬼ΧԶеģѾӦҷֵһΪˣҲȥ룬ǲϵȥΧԡ
ϾΧԣƱʱȡջ˼ʡ
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СƵĺӰԭ飬Ȼ֮飬ԶԶħµ㣬ˣǿȡɷ֮ʶ
ʱƣӦһħɼҷ̺ɷԼʢصʬͣҵȫа֮ȫȻûɼҷĺȻһı֮⣬ǿ࣬߱ͨʵˡ
βϵɷͬСɣһҲӵͨϵʵɷͬʱԸ֣ͨ
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ǰʱ䣬ɸ֮ȡ˲ҩӵеҽ໥֤졣
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ֻҪвϽ⣬ǺеĹѫ̱Ƶʤ˳ٱ
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ʦܣʲô飿ʱҲӸۡз˳ԶԶ㴫ʵ
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νڼӵܣһ㣬ӵиԲǰǺִµӵܣˣһȴǶЧ
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ʯǵͬʱҲ£µĵط˴ӳиæЩ⣬зʿǹĸҸ֣Լʮˡ
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Ѿ޽Ͷģԣһ
ںδȻܹƳƣѾ޽ͶֶͨΣδšղѾ޽µĺƴƣԼǺƴ֮мӵĿֲϢҲɵ𾪡
ܵиֱٶԲֹػʯô򵥡
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ԣ̨һʿһۣʿվ˳飬ҿԸ㡣
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ӵܣ׷۵
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ԭЩɢ޳ܵ˶෽ӵ׷ɱǽӽ;ƿݵʱֻ²Ҫ˳֣Խȫɱ
˵һȴǰʾǰָӣһĹ͡
ˣȥɣС£ûбҪ¡˰֣ȴԵɺ
㲻ȥҿҪȥģŲһˡҲ֪ЩСˬʵЦҿɾȥˡ
ȥɣ˵鲻ͦƢԣǿ֣ѻɱĹø
ʦܣĲںЩͣҲ²⣬Ȼû˵ҲйעŵġЦ
ǵȻɱڣضһ⣬ЩȻ΢϶Ҳڰйע˵
ʵǿտش壬Գˡ
ѵ˷׹Сδƽӹ˵䲻ĻЩӬͷСϡ
Ц
飬Ȥȷ

ڽˡ
糤һ
ǰʬذڵϡ
Ǳʿ׷ϵɢޣһֶ֮þȫС
ˣҪҪЩʬ𣿡龳ʿʵ
ʲôգֱջ׷˰ɡȷûӳȥˡ˻֡
ǡʿæ
磬ǳֿ졣׷Ⱥɢҹչȵˣۣεص
ֻм龳֣Ȼûǿ졣翴һڲԶˣЦֶͨС
ǾĲ𣿡һµӵܣϢˣЩȡ
ɱǵ⡣һæ˵ߵմ͸ģ뽻˭Ҳߡ
ʼʼ֦ɢҶʱķչڳΪһӴ壬µӵܣȻŽᣬҲȻڲپֵǽĿɳ鶼з
ܵĶԣκһɻҶ飬Ϊ͸λ棬ԴҲֻǼתΪûйֹ
һֱܹҳͷģֻӵܣµĲӵеĸƸҲǿģȴʱʵݵλѾȴھӢӵܵǰУ˿׶ҡģοʵӵܣֻ壬նѣĸСԼ嶵Ĵһϵ
𣿡ĻгȾȥȡ֮˼
ǰƺûô˵Ƿ˽⣿ʵ
ǺСһģ壬ܡ֪ģ¼˵˳
ԭߵŮӾ嶳ϵŮչ꣬̾һ嶳֮һž谭ǽҲпܣǵ֮ͽ˵мԨԴ
޸ĸƼ෴ɽǿƣҪıĲƸ޿ܡ
磬ʶϣһ¡룬ɫ˵
չͬ硣
Ȼû⣬ҲҴwһӵܣѵܲչ𣿡ЦǴһ˶嶳ҲᷴǽύġȴӹһĨɫ
ʵ֮˽ӽγֲ氲ŵĽ˵ҲҪЩġ
⵹ǡչЦ
Ҳִ˻ɱɢ޵ĵط
ʱѾЩɢ޵ʬãڵǣȴչ֮⣬˼ҵӵܣֱڴмݣ֮صˡ
࣬ˣҸǽܼλͬ壬һľӢӵܣʶʶЦţ˴ǰ
ͬ壿ˡ
Ǻǣʦ֡ЦЩȻȴ쳣صص
ʦ֡չȵȼҲ
ȴеݳƺ
λضܲ𡣡æ
Լţ϶ЩҪЩУȻû龳֣ȴ̥֮ӣҲͨʿɱȵġ
һύ׽һҲǫѷټϣ˶ͬһĺ󱲣ͬĻҲ࣬һ˱㻥ͨʱ֪ԭǶǺһ㣬ԴwһӵܣѪֻб𱰲ͬ


488 ΧԳɹϣ
ȵĻĵϣʱɼִ£ɽͷԪӿ
գƺԶôһ죬̳ľ
һٴνӵٻصָ͵͵طڻĵУǳطȥ
ʱ˵ĳѾһ˽ˡ
ԭ˺磬Դwһwһ״ҲĵϵѪֻΪϵڣ˵ļ壬֦ĩڣѪϡࡣ
ЩȻǴwһмᣬؾӵܣһ㶼ṩģ඼ܴﵽг˵ľ硣
磬һиΪ׽ϴ裬̥ǣٳɳ꣬Ȼﵽ죬Ҵĵرջţʮ֮ǰﵽؾʮ֮ǰȻɽ𵤣ʮ޳ԪӤֱʮ꣬Ȼʮһ㣬ӵ龳Ϊ֡
˽⣬λ磬ʵҲ̫ãֻΪճӵݣ㹻ѹ˵ʵൽϳ˶ѣԺĳɾֹͣڷླͨµ뢳֣ҲԸı䡣
ӵܾ纮ʿһ㣬û㹻ʱ޷ˣȻƾ㷺ı䣬չΪķչשߣ֮֮֮ʵõļգֻҪ㹻ʱ;ȥܹɾ͡
ɲʿһ㣬ҪµΪʳΪĶգҲҪĻֳϵܻĵرؼʿߴˣɽ£ǰ¾񹦵еһƪг˹á
ν̣ǡ
ʦܣҿЩύǧҪ֣ǧ֮⡣·ʱ˽˵
ڵĵľǣ΢ͨЩʡ
Ȼ𲢲ҪЩˣԺϣЩ
ҵȻ֪νȺʿôҲִŴȨģҲͬˡȴ˵
ֻƫ񵭶ѣĹ°ߣȺ
ŵҪҽ壬ΪųϺͼϣ翴ҲҪͬȥģϣ໥֣ôܷ⣿
⵹ģǽãܱȺƾֳҪáص
صʯǣǴ֮˷֣λǲȥӵܣˡ
ǰзʥһˣȴûеõ˿ʾֻ꽵٣˸һ
ˣԼٽǳأڴڼ䣬ЩӵܲرҪ
ָֻɢµ״̬磬ǺУ¿뿪ǳأѲ̽ѰҲţʿͷ˿
˶֮ˣҲ͵סįᡣ
ѵõʱ⣬ԼӵеħףƵȵȱԼһ
ͬʱִӴУѡһЩ³˷͸ˣΪڴ˵޷뿪Ĳ
Щڷ綴򱦴ģ;Ҫǣֻ޹ͣΥ֮ѣĸԸǰ˵أǿһҲΪ
˵ϲΪ԰׶ͺƽʿԣа˰֮ãʮ꣬൱Ƕȹһ꣬ںЩʱţˣȻܸԼʮһ˼ĵ׼
ǶԣֻҪԼܹҽ죬ˣɹȻԪӣٹʱ򣬶ɹҲںĺΪҡ
νУŵӵʵдգдţһЩϸԳһ֮ľ뢣ֱӾڿռ佨棡
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ҾġЩȵؿһۣ漴ʦ֣Ϣͨ
Ϣͨ𣿡ԳһЦ
ʵҲ㲻϶ֻͨǲŵϼע⣬۲ʿ춯ˣգ˵ǳͻȻ˰ʿȫϢɲĸ֡
Щ˲ƾճֵģʱΪ֪ҲԮˣǵֻһط
˵˵֣ʾϸ˵
ģ֮ǰҽӵ߱˵Χħʿڳɹͷħɱˣҵʿֻ͵عϷ֣ҲʿﷵأЩ˶ڼս֮ˣ߷ľģǽڴ˵ؽȻ׼ճɴߡ̽һЩϢ˵˳
ʵҲףЩҪԼģⱳ󣬿⣬ǱǴwһͬ˴£ֱ˴ˡ
Ȼʼβɢޣֵ˭Īңżң䡼ңֻߣһ𣿡
ħ͹ɶȫԱƬ׿ǣȻֵķ֮Ѫ⣬ǣҲǸѪļƷϣڵ跨󣬲л꣬ͨ˵ʦ㲻붷ᣬֱӾܻһݣ£ֵҲԵͬһͨʿĻһͷħ͹ĸֵּһ߸̾
ʱԻΧԳɹһݵ¼Ѵʯ⣬ӵҲ֪ˡ
ûа취һ䣬ģҲ۹ֻͣ̾ϢԼûһܹ̺޴硣
ָԣȴЦ
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ʲô˵ģֱ˵ˣҲġڣ˵ҪǶ߯Ȥ
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ʿԣƸĶѣʵѾҪˣҪǧǧػ񣬵ʵ껹׬һⲢȣһЩصıѵá
˵ףֵģѣԼõѶȡ
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Ҫ֪Ѻħ񣬼֮УΨһĴˣԶɽ粻֪գԶŵˣħ壬Ҳʧ٣ʱڣиѵĻЩ
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Ҳ֪ΪѣӦ򲻴Ӧпܡ
˵ｻɣҲռǱˣȵµıԷмͨ۾ˡɫ˵
飬ѿóԴµĿˬӦȴǸ棬һ飬Ӧˡ
ģ־ϲ͵վ
ʦ֣Ҳǻ˵ĻʵǡΪ⣬öЩ״Ρ
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֪ʵ֮ԴӦǽȴԼ̫ҪħԵʡ
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ֵõĵرһЩϣ鷳ʱЩշ裬޷á
ˣֶв㡣
˵Խ֮ȡͬϡıһ˵ȴڽײܹɣ׻õͬȱȫô
ǱЩ뷨ͬ⽫Щճɵ˴á
Ӧˣðξ͵Ƿһ飬´лᣬһ㡣
֮Ȼϲض˵
ȱлңܵʲôı˵ءĻȴЩЦá
ⶼûӰ飬ˡ
ͷİɣҼҵڣѵ÷ˮȥɣ֧ҪõõĶʹ˵ںصȴ͸¶һЩϵš
Ŷ˵ЩôǵãЩõԺ󣬶ǵƽ䣬֮ˣܶ档ʵ
Ͳ˰ɣǹأǱܱȡ֮ʱҪֵģֻҪı˶׼ȷ˭֪еʲôңãֵͬҲûʲô˵ġһЦȴ͸¶ЩĻ
ԭٰ춷ᣬ棬Ҳ֧֣Ϊ˹ƽճɶԤȽɳĳпܣڴ֮ǰ˭ҲܶЩ֪ԼӮôʤܹõʲô
޹ؽҪϸڣͬҺңٿΪֻҳʵ㶼˵ľ뢣Ҳŵù
ΪǰҲãңҲգΪЩӬͷСʧʣѱȨƣв
˱̾Щ˹Ȼ·Ȼǲ棬Ҳֻ죬ٿһУЩȡħɢޣ㲻ɱȫҲҪŪת
ԭǳ򵥣ǵиƺԺҶԿҲڴ֮ռʱֻбǣűߵķݡ
ȻˣȥɣԺܹǰ֪ıҪҡ֪֮󣬶
Ȼ·ǷԼһ飬ûʲôɿġ
ãȻ㿪ڣԺһ㿴š絹ͦ壬һղɫ


489 ΧԳɹУ
ŵҲɻһЦ
ҲȷҪһЩֶι˵ˣδϽģҪǹؼʱܹ˴˷֡
ķչȻϣ֮󣬷ʥ˴˵ǰ⣬ӱ
ˡӵϢ֮ʱ鷿Ԫ񣬶Ҳһԣ赼Ԫ˫ޡ
ν˺ЧʡȻһһΪ£Ҳʧȥ˫޵ı⣬ȴͬһ˶ԲҪǿ
ʦܣлʲô㣿죬뿪ţҲɵ۾ʵ
Ҳ֪Ӧ
ֳЩȡ
֮ǰ̶ηֵıתಢЭ̵
ʦ㣬㲻ţѵֵϡɣǿţҪЩôҲǺܴ󣬵һ飬ݵλ飬ò˵
Щﱾȡģô㣿಻Ц
ô˵Ҿһ壬ڱ˿ҲѲֱ˴ˣô˭ȡȥ֣ɫ˵
֮ʿȴǶǲʳ˼̻˵УͬС
ԳϴĬĬڱ֧֣ЩҲȻ塣
˵鵹ҲģһŮޣ϶˰ദ
пĻ·Ҳᵽοм֮飬ɵ΢΢һЦûٱ⡣
ȷ˵Ĺϵֱ˴ˣûбҪȻдڵıƸ룬ҲӦͬϼƣֻǣ޶գ˶ζѡ
˵ңݵλԶȵʱҪߣûѳƴӣҲ޲ɣûôȴվĻһнԽʹĵԭ
һЦһϬζ漴վ÷
ӣڡ÷˽׵
һȥ֪ͨ˵ԭ֪ġ˵
õĹӣϾȥ졣÷˵
ĸۡԶڳУʮľ룬ԣһ֮ҴҸ
ִ֪ͨңһȥɡûкѣֱӿżɽ
̫ˣ͵һˡϲ
ҿ㻹Ȱҽı׼ðɣȻѴӦ㣬ֻڽ޳ġ¹ڼƵĲƸҲɵһ䣬ʡ˷ܹͷˡ
Ұ£ѵ㻹Ǻ⼸꣬Ȼûʲô춯صĴ£Ҳʵ˲ٵı϶Կġŵ
ܹɿڴӦףѾˣȻڵȼ۽һΪѣҪึһЩͨ
Ⲣ֮ĬУĵĹԼ
Ҳͷ
˵ʵЩˣۼ۽ףͶԷãҲʵ֣˲ʶ壬ΨһѡҲֻܷܾڳǿӲ̬ȡ
ȻҲ޴֮϶޹ʵ˵顣
Ц̸һ󣬱һķȥ
ʱʯѾ߰˰ˣʼ˷һķ󣬳ǳ֮Уۡ¥󣬾㶼ȫʼһЩӰ߶
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ע⵽֪ʱĽһƬдеɭ֣ͬʱٳһӣƬֲں࣬ˮ
ĸСũׯѾͣ뻮һĿʯݣԹЩڴ˾ס
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Ȼ֮УҲǳظˣΪڶʿػо޴ķڵصףֹ׽١
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ֵڷһϵĽͷͣ䷢˺ͣȻҲΪôʲôô飬ڳйʾģΪӵܣҲ˵ɡЩ£ɱЩãʵ
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ʵ֤ҲΪֵеıĻ֪ܷвֳۣתǣԶħȫǱ꣬Ǽõĵرȡв֣ܷƾ֮Ҳڣ˵Լ⡣
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ܱǸѾӦˣֻǲܸ㡣޿κεص
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ʱӵеʿֻʹ˸ˣοӵ֮䣬໥ɣº֣ıͬ壬ȴǷɵĴ·
ˣˣƵӲˣͬʱ飬Եĺ
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ʿһԾ˺ɫʱǵͨ졣
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490 ΧԳɹ£
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ʱڱִµģȻǹȥλչܿҲϳЦ繫ӣӡ
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ʦǰЩȷ˳˵ӽǰȡǷݱջĿ⣬Ϊ֤
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˵գǰͷȳȥ
ϣɭϵĿⷿȥ
ʱչð죬ΪصĴӣ̳²ͬŮһ㣬ҲȷǽӵȷָָЩǹеġ
ܿ죬˱˴űĿⷿһƧ¥ͨ嶼ɺʵҴɣ沼跨󣬿龳ķ
С֮޷ʯɵ¥ſҲ޴׿ܣ

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˽ȥʱտĴ֮ڣһľѷŸɫ޵ƤëǼ׵Ȳϣ֮ζ
չûһͣǴˣȥ
ڶ㣬ȴǻҩ˱ǵҩЩǾƵϺҩģӺ췲ϵĵƷƷͬƷףС
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¥һż֮ڣȴǲõ鷿һ㣬̴ƣʾžڴ˾ݡ
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չһ˵ţһߴӱнҿһŵŵɽˮͼȻ󣬼ǽϰȥ
ԴĿ֮Уǽڷ·ڵ̶һ㣬׵صһƣ΢΢֣˿
ģƺͨһ߰ϻգСǧ֮գԳһ磬ԲһСˣֻߣϤܣȻӵлصǿʵҲҵ
չڶŻ֮Уһڸߴıȡ˳
ҿͷķȻͳһͨ徧ӨѩɵԿף

ɲ֮䣬һɱ̹ǵ
ϢƺΪڵ춦ѪзɢͣڿС
ȵɢ֮ſ壬ǾȻһöĥ̴Сͨ徧Өľ޴öƺǴĳһħϲȡȷڵǱ飬ǴľѪۡ
̲סȻܿı֮⡣
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ӣǺöչ򿪱֮Ҳ˺˼˵Ǳϲժı飬ȫѪ۶ɣһͷԶűϣҲþöѡ
˵֮䣬ڣܵĿ˺һ̹ѱϣ°öӡ
һˮϵļƷϣҪ֮ķߵҩ÷ҾͲ˵ˣҪȥֵ̽ҵжۣǾһڶǧҡ
ôһ飬ȻҲֵһڶǧ񣿡ԣһ
ҲûмرˣöļֵԶԶԤϡ
һöͼһǧôöʮϣ
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ǣöһѾԿƷˡ
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ܿ뵽ԼļƺʧʣӻɱԶħԼƷѶȣЩֵ˾޴󣬿Ҳġ
ȻԵħļƷϣǻԵɺϣиӵУֻЩϵĲ֣ˣΪ൱һͨر˿Ϊ档չ͵
ΪִƱִ³֮һԴҲѾ˽⣬ɵñ̾ɱħĻԵȷܹӵеġ
ȣҪָ˲ţʣ֮Ⲽ÷󣬳ȡʹؼݽߣħɥʧ
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ַͷ󱣻ټϣǱƣħ޷ɱЩߣֻͽŭ𣬵ˣǱɱʮˣҶһֵ
Ҫʱ䣬ΧԵʿڲֻŻɱ˶Է
⻹ֻ֮нһħ񣬶ңΧ֮ǰƺײǣܹˡħͷȡõıֻһƬ¶ֵܼʮһޱȡ
ö֮⣬һżǱοʮ֧򵥽һ±ļֵ̹˵
εݣĶʵǰ˵ξ޴ħ߹ݶ̵ķɽƵ
һʮ֧һǴһ׽󣬶´࣬ȻҲֻʮ߾ķɽչ˵
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ǱεħͷֱӶײҲܺ·磬˵ļƳʮѲĸ߽׷
Ϊ壬ҲǴ´ˣȻѰļƷϣԸ˲÷Կ̵ƣͶ˰
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˵Ųףʵϣȴױ˳
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չһ˵ŸҪЩ磬޹أҲǳǵûв죬ֻĬĬؽ֮ȡȻôӷ衣
㽻һȻ󣬸ɫСҩ㣬һЩϳֵҲȽȷĶ
˿ڽԪţָ֥ĶС
ȻҲһЩ̫˽ģȴһЩ취Ԫ֮࣬³˵Ķвŵӵöȡ
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ִ֮ƳɹִƴȨ൱ڼִŴȨˣ˵ļССҩūġ


491 ľϣ
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ҲȻܿ㲻ٹЩȫ
ʣһڣʱò㣬ģһ֮ڣضܹ塣ֵ
νҲá˰֣˵
֪Ϊĵ׺òһҲǷԼһҲȷСĿҪʱ롣
ȻҲ磬ӵܣֻ߲̫ϤʿҲԷǷˣһղǳԿ
ˣ֣ܲܰһæͻȻ·㣬ƺǼ͵ĺӵܣ뵽һЩ飬̽ʵ
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Ҫ󣬲ɵü
ӣˡҶ죬㼱Ž龳ʲôչ˵ĶԻֵʵ
ȷǸе֣ʱݺ͵λѾҪƽʿǰ㣬ϧһд۳ƿϽˣڸҪģạ̊́гһգܹﵽԲɣ޳񣬽
ҲǼŽȻϣɫֻǣб޻
⻰չȻȫ޿֮һ£ҲˣǻΪֻѰձĽţ
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ȻһıԲܹͨõģãǾͽ
ǰǺʿҪڣȴԶǮƻ߹ϵԼҪĶ޵֡
ԪǱҩŪֻǣӵʹõģҲȥЩֻǱԪģҲֻʺǰ㣬ʲǾѣֻ³֮ӵܡҪԪֲǱܰ龳ѰһСΪû̻شҲûоܾ
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ҲЩ£ʵԼע⣬罻
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Щｻ֮󣬶
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һҲûٲеԸƺҲǷǳ˽⸱˼ټϣ֧ųͼɵûٶš
һº֮еĵһ춷ᣬھУ֮䣬ҵչˡ
Ͱ׶ˣְأüͬʱǨķ֮ѡǺõܷ꣬࣬зʿӡ
Լǿʼ˱չǱޣ׼ѵõĻᣬԪ
δؾܿ龳ƿȴҲʵһǴﵽ񾳵Ĺؼ
Ԫ㹻ǿԪ񣬲֮Ļϰ䣬򰾽һ㣬Ԫǿȣ֮Ľǡ
ҪչǱˣ⵹Ҳľ绹̫ͣ̽ɽܡӵ֪Ĵ㣬ҲǴΪͬ
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ΨнʵȥΨһȷׯ
֮⣬ѰƤ飬Ҳһ⣬ȵʮ֮󣬷綴򱦴ٿ֮ʱһʱ㲻ϧؽŪ֣ûҲֻ÷ⷽ׼ˡ
ı߸ɹߣҪȥѵǴ֮ѵ̽ӿɳϿա֮õʱ⣬ؽƺɶ࣬пǿͨ̽һˡ
ܹȻǺô޴󣬲ֻҪܹסԼһҲȫʧ
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̵ıݣǴڲƵģҪɽеľҵȷĿ궼ûУǻء
ӣʼ˱չأǽѾʼΪӵķһﵽõ״̬ȻԪ֮
ʿķΪʱʱһ£ʿﵽĳ֮״̬糱ģȻʿֽܹãҲάֵǰˮƽҲȷ˲
ЩæڱΪ·ģȻⲻһ˿»ѽ춦Ϊ˱ԴԴϵزԭʼԪÿһת죬ؽõΪԪ䡣
ͺӵԴͷˮܹ峺״̬ȶ֮󣬺ָܻܿ
Ϊӣ黹пܷϣ絹ˣΪɻȴܡ
귨֮һԼԺֻԪõԴԴϵڷɿسɳš
·оԼ棬һڵӰȫѪ⣬Ԫꡭ棬磬谭
ÿԼע뷨ͣزʱ׳עķԽԽ࣬ٶҲԽԽ죬ͷ·ǽҲȫѪǿޱȡ
ʿԣһССӰһеĸ֮ȣԭΪصȴƤһ㣬Ҫˡ
춦ʱһ˿δͬʱ춦ķ󣬵ƣҲԴԴϵ꣬ǰʱõħл꣡
Ȼֻеһ֣Ҫ֪ħԶŵħͷ֮жĴڣһֵĲл꣬Թ֮ͨпܣ´ࡣ
ԣǼΪ޴ĲƸǰҲҪΪ
ҪǵһԷҲǲԣЧʾԶԶˡ
һʱشﵽԼҪЧ㣬壬ľ磬ƺҲŸǼ֡
˵ʿ״̬ͬ䣬ôڱԲ״̬Ѿ춨˽Ļ
һ;ˮۣ˰춦ȱԪȱκθȴΪĴЩʱղŵԲ״̬Ҫǻʿûôѣ
һΣȴǸ̵ᵽļԼҪԡ
ڿԳɸлˣҿħ츳ã֮У˷Ǳ
ħԶ֮ʱǿĴڣںĲл꣬ǰ׷
ܱںһЩСħĲлҪã޳ɵͨõ츳Ըвͬı֡
Ҳģұչǵĺʱ飬Ц˵
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Щ⣬ħ츳ӳּӵ֣ٲԣںϣҲ𽥸еԼԪüΪʵֱʵ졣
һ츳߾磬пܴﵽħһ㣬ԪʴͨҲԻ⣬Ҳ֪һ㲢ôģ뽫ħ츳ںϲл֮⣬踶Ŭר⣬Ϊá
ȫںϲл֮ϣ׳ûп飬ˣֻýл֮еʴȻմ֮
תۣ¹ȥ
ʯеĸۡĸµʱ䣬֪УѾǿҲˡ
ϣҵĲƺ֣ڴ˴δȡͷ͵ң˳ȡõڶ͵ߣյԼұռΧճɵʮݣңռʮݡ
ʣµĲ֣Īңżң䡼ãƺûζ׵
ֻǴ˴Σ֪˳Уƺ֮󣬱㲻ٹעˣϾֻǽ˵һٴѣ̺ľ޴ȣֻСڡ
֮䣬Ҳ跨Ūһ˵Ĵ޿Ϊ֮ȻҵˣʱڱչǱޣҲϾûյϢ
һ֮߳ϴԡһŮԺܹܲϢ˵ˡ
ϸѶ˵ҵҪı͹ģ뵽ǰЩյϢʱ˼Ȥ
ڳˡǰãδӰˬʵЦԺ⴫˽
߽ҲϻһѾͽһؾ޴ġľ׮ץƯ͵ǰ
ʲôûм
ʳ仰ʱͻȻָоһľ׮ʧ鶯飬ȴͬһϢȻԪ
Ԫľͷһ
ⱾСеһľתշȻһʿϣҵ˷ֵġ˵һ´㲻Ҫһܹͻ龳ıȻȷϳɹȴǼıӦˡ
С磬֣ˣɵһ
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СУƿصһڣ˵Զ֮ʱɽһǣҲУΪӽԶŵһ硭֣һˮأ˵Զ֮ʱʥѪԪȣ̺ĻľһӲݣҲзǳĿͨ黯Σгɣ
⣬ĵؽ͵
һľ㲻ҪͨȴԭѾ֮ܿҪ޳࣬ﵽˣȴϣ֮ʱΪ͵ˣѲ
ԭô£лרΪȡ飬͵ԵĹǳʶˣҲף֮һڴӦȴǱ⡣
ֻҪǮУ򲻵ҪģֻʱĻѡ
ȻкķѵĻҲͨƸԱģϳݣҪĴ㣬跨ͣټľļֵҲԵֵһھˡ


492 ľ£
һУľƵϸꡣ
ֻһľͨ񣬾Өʵ⣬ƲľͷʯɶһЩϸһȦһȦƣľ֣ʾǳԶݡ
ٸ̶̵һľ׮ȻֱȷľĸҪء
磬治Уľ֮Ҳгɾ͡
ŴľڴۻϢԶԶԼ̥ʿ档
Ϊֳʶ̽ľ棬쿴ڲ֣ľ̺Լǧ
Բʶԣľûʲô޴ֵҲֻƳƷģ׷Ԫľɽѣǣ֮ȴ̺һֻ龳ϸֲŻӵеĲл꣬ܣгɣ֮һ
ľһ壬ˣһȫûɢʧ̫࣬ʱĹţڶʲôı䡣
Ȼٹǧ꣬꣬ľһ꣬Ҫʧˣǣܿľ괺һؿ֮Уʱֽһȫµ飬൱ԭֻһ㣬ȴ޹
ţд˵࣬Ԫ֮Ҳʿı仯ѾΪӽˡ
ע⵽ľڲһ·ĺģϸĲ쿴ȴһȫҶǣ·Ҷ֯ɵȹӰ
һòƵӰͬЩδɵĴһ㣬˰׼ȷ˵ѾƵǵ壬磬г֮۶ɵķ֮䣬ܹʵûޱȡ
ҲǺܶܹ̺Ũ֮УܵΪһζܹͨӵеģֻһӰȴһ֥ɲݡѩȵȵȵ鶯֮ĸо
ôֻһӵڲƺѾпգŨ߻ᾧǳʡ
ôⶫɡЦ֮䣬ЩԵá
ûиֶǼΪѵõģֹһ䡰͵ԡгô򵥡
С֮໨ľľ֣޵ö֮𽥳Ϊ̾ʥأ壬ɲǺãɽЩħصĵطȫǻֻۣ֪ɱ¾ƻħȣǾ൱ˣħֻҰޣ
ǣǻ۾࣬Ҳһᣬľеһλϣ
ʿ֮УһصɢޣơȨԶԶе־洫ӣеĳϣطҰӲݿɱȣ
ĳһطɽȵأƶ֮һҴǳҵΪ龳ۣ׾ͱħĵȥΪħĵӵиʦźͳеĸ߽׷ָ߼ܹԶˮƽսΪҰ龳ۣȻǸߣսȴδظˡ
ң¾ܶҲ˫ȭѵ֣һ洫Ӳ龳۵Ķ֣ʹս֣ųƣսָǿˡ
ҲΪˣҪֵط͵һҾϣõɣѶȾɱħɵķֶ棬ɱһλȨصĳϣ֮⣬ҪϵʬмȥҲͣûб˴˻ͨеС嶼Ҫ߿ĺǵ׷ɱ͵ߡ
Ʒ࿴Ǻ̺ܲĲл꣬𣿡ľʵ
У̺лıԪ񣬷֮ЩҲ֣֮ܵ˵ԽԽãԽº͵Խա
ͷİɣľǶȽ֮ʱ͵ϮȻģϴһߣֻȡжξ۴߽϶ãԣһľ̺Ϊֱõġ
ԪлãҲҩһ㣬Ҫ¯ֻ߼ãľ֮У״⸱ģʼΪºͣ
ĻҾˡΪҲоľԼôĶ࣬ǵ˵ͷ
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ܳƣҲħƵڣֻֻԪ
ݴԶ֮ʱ汬ըĶ磬գ֮ȣһһеСݣ쳣ķ
ÿһ龳ʿ־ܹ̫飬ͨԪյİ֮ȻȻӵգǬŲƵȵͨӥܹڵذһ㡣
֮ȣʿǼģܵƣת˲֮ԽŲƵǳԶĵط̫ͨ翪ʼʿ㿪ʼɴתԪһŬʹԪΪʶ顢֮壬Ԫڡ
޳龳֮Ԫ񲻽ܹ壬ܹ֮ߣӴ֮ǵͨ;ܹͨȻ򣬶ֶҲԽ߳
Ҫһ㲢ףҪǣʿܹʶ⣬ԪĴݲУԪüޱȣܹƾԪ֮˺գȥ硣
磬Ȼд󱣻ҲȻԪ壬ԪЩ龳Ĳл꣬Ҳ㹻ˣͨյ⣬Թ˵Ļлֱͻơ
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ʱ޿̲߶ŷЩǳֻȱ񣬲鵤ƶʿµõľҲҪʱ
ȻǲһڳԳɸӰҹݣƴҲһС룬ҪǻˣûѶʱ䣿
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ͻȻӹһ˿
вɱ˶ᱦߣǽеĲçţϽȺֱۣ磬޹࣬ӣūһһļԦͳΣǸӸľ֮
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ҳȴһȻҲκεĸп
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ⲻ츳ãļԶԶʿ
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֪ڴ磬ÿΧһΣǺѡĿꡣ
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Ը⿴Ƿɳ֮еǿڴܳ
һ˵֪ԼµĲѾʼˣٴټ˲ٵ֣ʯѾ깤
̶ʱ䣬ߵ㷢˷츲صı仯٣ʯ֮أˡ
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йѺԶħͷȵʿǿڣȡǵʬǣпɵӵֵʵǰƺҲʲô˼֮¡
棬гɹλͷҪˡ˵ΪӦͬʱǰң֮ˣһ֮¡ӹһ˿ڴĹâ˵ʦܣԳô˻ᣬúñԼ
ҵǰȻЩϣҲ֮С漴ȴɻ󲻽⣬ʲôϵʲôɱֵģ
ˣŵǸʾѣʸиΪʦģʦһʿĿɽܹݵ֮еһλΪʦǾǷɻڴˣѵ


493 ߽٣ϣ
ʦĻɵóĬ
ȷܹݵʦҲԵõΪ֮еĺ̨ͿɽΪʿǧδؾܼ̳²ǴеľӢ֮ȡӣϤ࣬ܳ˲š
Լҵãܹ֮ؾ˲ţǶ̫ˣѡԶ֮ĺ󱲣ӪõΪǧĻҵǧꡣ
ͨʿԣԼҳɾ죬¿֮еĹ¶Ȼиɺķ֣Ͼ׽ϤĽ̵ǿ
ţħһ˵Ǿŵ洫ӣʵֻɵΧԵֻݵʦģ뵽ɵȦ֮С
Ȼ˵ݵλȻͬӵЧиԼ֣ϱӵܶƣĿɽҲǸԳʦģͽܵõչˣҲܹͨģϾŻħʸͽģȻ龳ϵĸˣĸˣȡͽҲ̫֮࣬Уֹնࡣ
ҲΪˣħĺ󱲣ְһӳΪ״ӡɲ˵ȴȷʵڡ
ʦ״ְֵؽ̵ԴͲƸ޹ΣҲͨ洫Ӹ׳ͷ
Ҳǳһ㣬֪츳мʮֲ繩ôһ޴ĺôνҪвƣҪƣǰ;ޱȹԶ
ǰûбҪΪʦΪʦ޷ǾҸɽֻԼıʿȦ޼ˣͨͨʿµ޷սʤֺʸΪͽ
ȴǽȻͬǵеκһλʸʱʦ𣬶ͬģʱҲ𽥿ʼʸܹʵ뢡
ǿǵһѾ죬ŶԴԵС
飬˳ȻɣûбҪ̫ġĬȴ˵
Ϊʲô಻ص
ܼ򵥣ʦܹԼһǿӲĺ̨ȴǣ̫棬֮Ϊʦֻ̰ͽܶ࣬ȴǳԿˡ˵
ڽ֮ǰѾЩϰף˽⣬ҲǳҪϸ֦ѰضҪ۵ġ
ʲôȱûü޵ΣգҪĺ̨ԼңֻԼҲϳˣԲ飬ǵԺٿǡ
ûһԺҪʱʦȴлˡһ˵ǰ˶ϲȡǱ޴󣬵ȴԱ΢ʵҲСͽܣΪֻʩڵӣͬʱҲй۲ԣ
ħ֮УΣҲ˽⣬ţһ㶼Ҫ꣬һӣ඼ǻûнؾͿʼΪǰˣҲвԼļҲ尮ͽУȳɳҪ
ǰ˵Ҳȷһ⣬ڵΪпܰݵΪʦĴʱǵˣ˿ۣǸˣҲʲãתΪѾɲĵҡżҲûãҵģ˳ȻΪáЦ
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Ҳ֪һ˼ȡ֮ˣԸȥȴŸΪԶĿǡ
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ȻҲźһ˼ҪٳԼݵøΪʦӵ˳ʦ
ֻҪɹڵõʹ
˵ͳɹļλߣˡ˵أǱޣҲɵҵ֪ͨϢ
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Ǳ˵ݵΪʦô׵飬ңҲûгһɵİգֻ˵ϣѡòĹĶ粻ɵЦҡҡͷ˵
ʲô˵˵
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˵ԣ˵ͷ
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á˼Ҳö˼˵λǵŲ⣬ӵʽ̫ϳλľ뢣ͬʱҲ֮ˣ˵йϹ֮ͬ꣬ԹϵһֱȽС
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Ҫ֪ЩֱܹӽӴЩߵĶòʹ


494 ߽٣У
ȴЩΪȻΪʱûãҪҪЩǰ̫ǣ
˽Ӵ뿪翴˿ȺӵܣҪǺϼһʱԴ
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綼ؿֺǰˣԻƾͽԣ֮󣬻Ǿãʱ޹޹Сźλ漴ɡ
ڱ˻᲻ڼŪǾ͹ܲˡ
紦㿴ڵ
ʱҲ֪԰ͽǰһ²̫ģҲ˳Ȼ뷨ҲûȰʲôֻǵʦܣ㻹ǵãǺӭǵ𣿡
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ϵܣҵһ㱡ϣʩЩĸҰɣ¥˳깤ҲһݹͰҶȻǲɵģʱ򣬱ضϵ棬˼ҿΪ御ľķ֮ġ
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ҲɵӣȻܿϷ֮⣬ʱּĸо·ԼѾȫ͸Ƶġ
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ʱҲû̫ĵ⣬ΪףԼܷȡεļ


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⣬деĴ֮㰲ӲǰʮĶĵض˴֣ЩʿԴ֣ͨǿڴ˵ء
ʯⶼ仯һģǻߵԶ磬Ŷ츣ضһЩʱԿŹİ׺ڿУųǳؿ׵ķĻз衣
зˣʿҲͳһ£߽ʯʢ䣬ͷ棬ޱ߷ӵܳЩǰаհ
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ƾ㲻صģӭˣ˰æϾˣߣϦȥɡϼƾɫ̫ãǰļ԰ο
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˴еȺֹ˲ãͻȻһ˷ա
·һķ֮УޱߵĽ⣬ӳ͸գգֺܰ£һ˵ӴϢʯǣʮ⣬⣬ǧ⡭ͣɢȥ
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ʱҵūͣС̤Σȴ˰ʥŮŷ۴߽٣ʱǰ𺳺ʹ˿ڵ

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ޱߵϢ׵Źâҫÿһ̲סĵһɴǾǣʲôӹͶµĲڶˡ
ޱߣ޾
Ӵơ
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ʱһɽХԶͬ˳˹
˸ӦλϣƺҲӭӵȺֵĹ㳡ϡ
ƽֺϢҲƽȥ֮УһƬԵš
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ַ·һУϺ̵ϢȴǴ˲ٵĪ·ڸܵϢ˲䣬Ѿõĵģô
ǵʿƺҲʿûʲôͬǣһչ¶Ϣȴ޾·ؼÿһ
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УȻӦϦƾҲվһԣˡ
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ʱݣҲۼʶˡһķȣλʿûرĲֻͬݹȫƺ˰ߵȵȴڡ
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ӣλ棬˱Σղ˵ǺԶ֮ʱ˲ͬʲô𣿡ʵ
֪֮ĵʿ൱Զ֮ʱһֿɳ½ɡ
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˵һԴʿĲȱ۵ʿΪжôʼĳЩ治ɡ
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вٵˣֻ֮Ϊƽӹû𽥳١
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ȻǸϣֻ̨ССͯеӣǷǳһֱָ˵ʿֲ㡣
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ȻһԣնҲǵõĬġ
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496 ϣ
ӵܵĿ⣬ʱˢˢؿɱشżۻ߼ʡ
ҪĳϣܹվһյģضǼ֮ҪӵܣΪһոӹȻҲܼڵģǵ֣ݼǶеۺˡ
ҪģҲȷϵ̨Ĺȷ磬ϱ֮ˣݹԵֹӵ
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Ȼʱֻ̣ǵ׹ȫȻûˡ
Ҳ֪⣬ԱЦڴ˵֮С漴Ƴһۣݼ棿
һݣܿѹзҵվ˳棬ڴˡ
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ȷǲȻʲǾѣҲ޳Բ浭ȻһЦ
˰ɣҶ֪ɹǵʿȻѵãУȴҲǶ֮꣬ûо߱ʾܱ֤ɾ͵ģ˵Ժ׼˵
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ˣ¥ʯ֮УûϢĴڣ˵еʿܹǧ仯Ҳûһ˿һڴ˵أ˵һڴˣŽӼҲǲģǣ뷿֮ϴ֮ңͶ
Ƕһٵ飬Ҫôô鷳޶˶˵غۣòɵ˵棿
磬ͨ˴˽ڣʱ;
˲棬ôпͬ˵ҪԼ
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497 У
һٶ쳣ͻأȻ龳֣Ҳֹ
ȵϻعʶ֮̽ʱѾ˵⣬һȥ
֮ȻŶ飬棬ͻȻ˾ٶº󲻱𷣣ҲҪ¸˵ӡ󣬵Ĳ棬һٶǳ׶ֻ
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ȻʱտȻسһӣңָա
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ҵȼ֮У̺ɲĻʬͻ֮󣬹ǵʴ֮Ч
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ۻ뷨ʱڣҵҲ޷ص˺ĪʬͺħȴǷʤģȻҲ֪Ժεȵ̬Ӧԡ

ʱϵҲãǷٸ֣ܵƬ˲Ϣ֮ͽȻ֮ղŵػٻȴҲסҪѹʱɢ
죡
һԥȫ߶˷
ܵԪ̺֮ӴЩʱȫմȥ·һ㣬ؾ
ӰҲצϡ
䣡
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һԪ֮УϵƬʱԼĹӰ鲼裬ҵ
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ȻѾ뿪ʯҲȫȻǲҲ̫ĸʿٻϣסˣοԼ±ȸ֡
Сӣܣ־ŭû뵽һ龳ûдﵽ̥ʿȻҲܴԼѣңĴӪһѳȥҲûлˡ
һƻõУһаħͼ֣·ճһͷޣ͵һ㡣
ֻ۾ĳ֣ܵ޶ŤԶȥӰҲģ
Сģ
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Ťͷһ亹ᯡ
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ʩչ˷ƺҲҪٴۣ׾齫֮ϢʱήȥȻ󣬽Զȫ׷ˡ
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֣ѲƺһභӣЩ˲ɵøֳһ˿顣
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һѾǰи㣬Ҫ档˹֣˵
뿪ʯǣͬӲȥˣûʲôҪ£òҪΪ׵ʿԣ˵
Ϊʿ֮ͨǧɲǱ廹֮УԸϻء
Ҳʿܹ̫飬ܣȻʩչЩҲҪһۣô򵥱ˡ
ʱҪ棬ȻҪ£治ڣݣҲǿ׾֮ˣЩԥһ£ϸ롣
ˣȴǴ򿪴ţ˽ȥ
ʯǣ˭֪ӵܣҪ΢Ҳûʲô۵λЩеĵǡ
ҲʲôرѰ飬ң漫пܽӼҲ˳ˮ顣
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տĵϣƽͶ£·ۣöȾһλ
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˵û˿һһʮذϸ˵˳
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ֵסǸܺģ㻻ɹţҲͬУģǼǱڰ۲ǵмҪ֮ʱһٶ


498 £
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֮дһ˿Ī𺳣Լ͵ֻƬе˼Ĳ˼顣
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ʱʱ̽ĶǰѰδʿԿ洦񵽼ֵƵĶ
ЩҰջȻǣٳɶ࣬Ҳɹۣң֮вΣգǿħγɵа֮ûǷֵѱ׺ɱȫȻǳңˣǰҰӵܣֱ۹һɡ
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ڵ춦Ȼֻһǧ޸ҲȾصĸ߽׷ħ֮УԴͷˣҲܰ˼棬һҪ۲սҪտʦǣԷ⣬ԣֻʿ͹ˡ
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ħӳҹɫǣҪصĻҰ룬Ϊ֮鲼ʿʶ̽Զһȫֻѱħˡ
ȻԴҳ׼ÿʮǲһгʿأԾɻ©޵ÿ٣ͽѶ֪ͨӵء
ӳǳصħӣֻǰ㱻һҲûӳȥ
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춦龫ĹãƺǶһ޶ûʿϼټĻҰսӵܣ湦طϡҲһᾫ಻ǰЩʬΪѪԹʿѡ
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ǺãҾǰѳɾˣӦúܻܿϡһ£ҲƸӣǰ诺ߣȷһʧ⣬ȴ
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УŨ̹òɢҹĴ𣬼ƬնȾ죬ԾĻʱʱڳ𣬷·ԨеĻꡣ
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Ȼֻ򵥵ļʽҲųħܹαװϢԼķתҵӵһһӶĿ飬ڸյǣɲֻƳǳرµģǳûָͬʱʶѲ߮أͳȫ֡
Щ߸ϵľָӣȻϸ΢֮©Ҳֲصľ棬ԣһħͨıת棬ǲܵģô˷ܶ
ҵģǰ׼ʿƾ֤ԱţʿƺһԾɸԼ״
ǰգɾħͼˮ㣬ЩѲߵĵӣѾõ˽ѵ
Ҳ⣬ȡ´Լŵݵƣ˹ȥ
ԭʦ֡ǰ˼
ȷݣӲɵ¶һ˿ֺõ飬Ц⣬æӭҲʾƸϡ
⵹ⰢķУͼͽʵŵ̫ˣһվ֪ݷǱѰ
ҿԹȥ𣿡û⣬ֻʵ
Ȼԣʦ롣˼
⻰ǰȥ
Ǹ˵磬ȷֵģǸ˵ļһ
ıӰԶȥԳưİ׼ӵܣɵ¶һ˿۵ɫп
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˰ɣǵǲֻģ֪ڴǰѾӵͨĸ߼׷ˣЩΪЧ㷢磬Ҳֻܱɱ޵˼һȴҡҡͷź˵
Ƿǳ֪֪֮ҲĵӿԳܵģͬĻǰҲȫûʵץס
෴صĸֻѹǡ
ͬ˲ͬ̾

֪ڱԼֻһ·ǰ
ͨѲʿ֮㷢֣ǳعȻѾңͰ׼ҵĿ֮ˣǵȻǺ㣬ʿ·ֵۡһһŲ飬ƺΣյǱڡ
ЩѲʿ֮󣬲ϱ˺˿㲻ǰˡ
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ʱע⵽ǰλ棬ƺƽͬ
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ȫľ뷨ʶֻܸӦһͨķߣԶ̽ӣпܺԹȥ
ع񣬸ЦһûóȻӻ
֣Ӿղᵽ𣿡ʱһʵ¶һ˿顣
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ʮ档æȴ㯡
Ȼоһ΢΢ͷȴƳһµľװŮޱ飬ؿԼ
⾢װŮӦòͣڳϣǰҲʮߣܳ谮ӣֻûмҲ֪ΪԼپĪ
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ټϣҲŹŹֹ֣иԺˡ
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治֪«ʲôҩüҲûϼƽϡ
΢΢ͷͰ׼̸
Թ֣ʱң֮˳ϣ޴ˣҲԴԴԮ˵أʮ֮ڣضʹŹ
ǰ鶨֮ߣҲ֮Ϊ֮ͨϵʹĬ״ħţյѵزᾪ̫ನֻǣȱľʱ䣬ܾ羭Ӫ죬Ʋ
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ûа취ǣһȫħƷƽ˾ʵʱֹͣ

λһһ䣬̸ҵƣһߣʿ¥еعע·Ķ
ȻսƽϢһˣڳﶼԽʱ̣Խɴ⡣
©һϳʿ⻹󣬵©һԲ֣ȴпʹ֮»һ
ңϢĪң䡼ңżңûе򣬷ӿش˵ذȫһԲǰ֮£ֻһԲڴˣ׼Ҳֻһʮڴˣܻɽᶴ죬ɣҲֱֻһԲǰ
ңӲзླʮִ֣ͨȴһԲֶûȴΪ·;ңԶʱ֮ʱ׵ȵԵʡ
Ϊ˹ƳǳأλַһֱȴҲ˶ʧȥ˶ԲֵĸӦλָڼ䣬ЩԲ֣Ҳֻ󱲶Ӧ
ȻͰ׼ʮ˵ΪԸĪ䡡ҵԲ֣ʤҲ⣬Ҹǻн٣Ѫħ̵ĹżңոձҿӺһѣԹصʱ̣ɹá
ˣЩԲֶӵܶԣҲǼΣյҵĳףǻɱԼˣܽǨķ˺ͨӵɱ
飬Ǿ̵ġ
Ҫʱ䣬ԮҪʱ䣬ճҲҪʱ䡭ʲôҪʱ䣬ȱģҲȷʱ䡣
Ҿͺ˷ʢˣҪ¸Ҫɽ󣬵ЩԼܵģһ󷢺ƣҲǲס
λĸпҲơ
ҪĻǰѽ޲ֻܰĿɣķơ
ԿսԲ־ͶˣǲҺ͵뢵Ļԣ߻ıƻȴǿģҪϢݳȥֻҪҹʱ꣬Чƻǵļƻ
ʲôأˡ
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ԭطɵһѡ
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ԭ̫ˣ飬ܽģҪ͵͵ڳңҵǣҲпʹԼվƽ鷳翴˿֣صظ
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ץס磬һ׷ʲô飡ƺϵôһǰˡ
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ֻоһȻĪ֮ĻȻѭʿֱ۴Ȼһٴ͸ԼĻصػ֮ϡ
׷·ܵ龳ʿķͻһ͵һ
Ƭۼ׶ʱѡ
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ֵ޳죬Ϊʿ֮󣬱ͨȴΪ׹ٳûиı䣬ԴʺʿʹõĽ֮Ϊһ
Ԫ񣬳Ϊг˾ĸ֮һ;ȱݣֱʧˣǵķҲʿһ㣬ӵֱӽӴʿԪı죬ǿϣš
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ۿѪһ˱֮һ㣬һģ޶׺ģΣȴαһµĹȥϡֱܷһ˿Զζ
ָ״źһıдڰݵü֮ϣֻҪ΢һ˾Դ͸ͷǣֱϸ̱Ľ𵤺ġ
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Ļ̾һֳ˻ȥ


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ңᣬԳʲôɫ㡱治ײࡣ
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һˣǾҲϼʶ˾̾ʣȨޣӹ͸¶ĸ߸ϡͷ·¹еһ㣬ֻܽӽ
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ҵĸӦûдѾͷϣӵһɫ࣬γɳض޶ķǡ
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ȻҲӵɫ֮ˣҲ˽һЩѧ֪еĳʶӵ˵ɵЩ졣
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ңռǳأԭĪ䡡ǲڴ˵صʿϾɱ֮󣬱ѾʼˣԲʿδ֣Ҷٴɱأǳش޴ƻȶͨһЩҪķ񣬱ʯȵĵرɣͨ󣬶ں
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ʣԶΧԵ֮⣬ħ˶ɢɢѳˣвԲ֣һһˣ˵Ǹӵܻᡣ
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514 ΧԲ֣У
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ⷲһ֮УΪܳߣԲɵ棬ܳӵ֮Уд嶣еϵҵгҵȵȡ
Щ˵УӵеôɵĻԵһɹǱȻֲ֮պضǰ;Զ󣬳Ϊһ棬Ǽ֮󣬳Ϊҵڶλ棬ҲпܣҲʳڣԸ߾гϵľ磬ûзʳκζϾǱԪĻ֮ҩū֮ͻһ·г۷壬Ҳħѵõ
ߵϣҲĺϣֻҪЩ֮Уܹٳλ뢣λдУϴһ֮㣬ȷӵҵˡ
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ֵܣпǽڶοЩʮ鲼طӴ壿ͬһ֮е˴˹գпܷΪ˼ķչҪʤ̭Ҳ飬ţԲǶ࣬෴бҪ
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Զɽʮһϵĵճӣݵλ磬һЩ֮ıȡְλֻչʿУ绹ֿȡ
ʵ˲ŵ㣬ʵĵϵңʮһϵһЩҲΪҪⱣֵϵ֣ҽ֮ŵһ磬֮зչ
ֻǸ粻á˵磬ֵ㷢֣ϱģֵܿҵȼӵܵĿģֲ˼Ҷмӡ
ĻԶɽվ΢Ц˵
һ̬ȣǺܿУûݣ㲻У෴֮ǰֳӦеء
Զɽˣֻ˸飬ҵȳм帣Դ˾ٻرΪ塣Ц
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ʿԣ£˵ģ㾭ΪϿɵӵܣͨɵҩ³гˣһЩرģܹﵽϳ˾硣
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˵ͷЩҲ֪Ǳ컯Ҳϳ˶ѣӦǱʦԺãҲòȥ
취ŪҩһǱҲֱгˣȻﵽг˵۷壬ǻԵõҲмСĿܽϳˡ
ҶɣҴһЩħʿѳ鵤ҲвƣǱñġղؽЩ֮Ц
˱ΧԲһ£
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˵ͬΪԲʿҲ൱֮
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⵹ǸѰ飬˭ܺԸԿǿҪ֪Բʿһ㶼λȨصĴӣǰľ֣ҲĲħǳʧݣǵĲ඼ڻ֮ʱɢɢˡ
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˶֪ԴΪأһ⣬û̫ķ硣
󣬱Ǿ˳ˣϾЩԤԼĹضֻǿ̸ҪЩ̸ΪʵȥС
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ʱ޵Ͻ磬ȴǺط뿪ߵľǲͬ·ЩţȻǵư֮ʱȻγɵġ
Ǳʿһ˽⣬Ϊ춦У;סһλԶʱĲл꣬һͥϵʦɢɡ
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ҪҵЩʱĽţ֮⣬õ˳ɽһ·Ѱң֮ǰֵĵƿ֪ĵصףһ޴ޱȵķ󣬶ЩɽҲпڣпܳ֡
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ȻҲ֪沫ɱζȫͬЩԲ־ḻȫڻɽ֮ػߣ˵ʵȻһٻ
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Ȼ֮б鲼ƺԶŴݷٻ֮е׹ϾΪٿص׷Ǵ඼ܵа֮ǣֻߣʿķʶ
ָָӵ׵ʯٿ⴦طڵƵԵʣܱȻȴǷˡ
ζʲôѵ㻳һ׻Ǳ֮ɻʵ
ҵȷɣ㿴ⲻ˾ʹʩͣĿ𣬹ȻҷһЩ
ô˵ʿڴͣ
֪²޵ķʸضѾŻٻԼ
ѾȷڴͣˣʵȻͷֵһףȻݶȥ
ֵףѵԣȻݡ
һ˵ɣҲ򵥣ʵϣﶼⲢ顣
췣УʿĪη֮绢ǵԿģʿﵽԲ֮ԪӲһֺųơ١Ӷ׻֮꣬
ֻоһʿгɣ̤ϵ;
ɴҲԿһ⡣
֮ΪأҲΪǿմһ˿޷Ŀ´ټϣ߱Ƴ򷨵ԣʿأϵѪԴҲǲģ
Ҳ˵ʿ׻֮˲ö٣зΪѪʢҲûż֮½棬ʿԣϡ١
ʱʿǿԶ˵ӲܷȫǷǿᣬǵǿ
Ȼ׻ȲʿȽʱĽףӦҲ̫ܹ࣬ӲĻӦ꣬Ȼһ˿񡣡
̲²⵽һܣȻ֣ԼƺѾյ
˵ȷѾһ˿񣬳ĪǧӦˡ˵


517 ʣϣ
ĸ֣ĶԻŷɵóһ
Ҳѹ˵ķӦϾĸ֣Ѿʿ֮еľ֮棬׼ʮȾ֣Ҳǲضã׷Ⱦ֣Ҫ˵Ļǲܵġ
յ鱨ȷӦĪǧɡ
Ƭ̣źŸ˴ԶɽˣҲڸϵˣǰ˹ȥѺõĽٶǽһ顣
ȻĪǧķ粻ɵÿЦ˵ʵԲʿֻǹһˣȴû뵽ЩûбϣѲġ
Ҳûа취顣ԶɽϾ־ˣѡģǴæ޷˽٣޷ѡ񡣡
Զɽ˵ûʱ򣬾ͲҪЩˣ֪˶ԷĪǧҲֻӲͷƤǿϣѲɣڻҪֶزɣ˵
ȻܡҲ˵ûֻӲͷƤˡ֮䣬֮⡣
ֹСʱ̣̤Īǧµ׷ٵʿͣ
ˣɵ΢΢һǰȥʵΡ
ҲҳȥˡʿֵЦţɫȴһԵá
̫ˡɵһȻ֮
ӹˡʿæ
ҵöһóռ֮ĸָ˺ܿ·ɽ࣬ʱҲɵøпָ𵽵ãȴǱֻͨɱʿҪöˣɵˣԼϺ͹ϵ׷άˣҲǿ취ӲڻҰ֮ҵԷ٣ͬʱҲ֪иܹܺ
ָ֮һҰһİɽʱʿҲǵλӣѾӽĪǧĲ֮ҿԿ϶ضڣ¥ˣʱпܱ֡
˵ر鲼ܷ𣿡ԣɵþȵص
ǵȻԷһ˿ĸ֣ȻͬܵƣȴЩڵʿöࡣ
˵ûƣǲΪ֪ܹ䲻Īǧڷ׷ض벻ӵܣҲɽ׷ǵ٣һֲǵʧɾͲˡ
˵ҵһܹҵ٣ֲʱͻȻ˵
Ŷʲô취ԣɾؿ
ǾͲҪˣܸǣҿɽͷȵָָԶһɽͷ˵ȴû˽ͣʵʱ뵽öʶǾ׽ٵĵ֮飬ľ磬ɳֵطҲԼȥһ⣬˵Ȼ鲼ȴȻʶ壬̽һȱ죬ȴǵʿҲġ
֮˽ŽɵظָɽͷҲͨ춦ԶԸһ飬ھͿˡ
Ȼû顣
ѻꡣ
ܿ죬ʶɶͷţ˷ܿ촩ɽԽ룬ѷԲǧﶼڡʶҲͨķţɿذһо̽
ʱһƬƧȫϢţǱ鲼Ķ츣ظɾˣټϣʱҲѾ޳ʶ֮ǰȴǽ࣬ʶҲЩӦ֡
ܿ죬Ŷʶ̽ϡ
ĬĬлζһԼĶûзκ촦ͷ˵ûСȻֶóռ֮ʿ˵ܷһԣǱ˴ӡ֤Է©
Ҳáʿ˿漴ռ
ûӦǲڴ˴
ܿ죬ʿһԣ˵
ȻˣٵҡȻ֪ʲôʶ壬Ҳ֪˸ûжʡ
ڶЭ֮£ˣܿѰɽͷѰٶȴ
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ڼ仹һ׮ѴĪǧֻһطͣĴ֮ʱҲɽ֮УĴѰҽţҪӴ˽ѳȥ׷ںΧϱ䶯λã󽣣Ѱ
ڣȻ˲ۣȴӽܸܵҲֵԽԽƵ
ûз֣һʱ䣬ƺһ·򱱣һ쿪ʼһɽʱͻȻ˵
Ҳˣҿȫһ˼Ǻ׵ദΣ
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⵹ǡóռ֮ʿ˵Ȼ٣ϾֻԲʿȴǿʶޱ߷ľ֡
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ʵͨطѰҽڣҲǳ֮ǰıõĲԣνб޻ַҪһ¡
ҲĪǧһ·ڼ䣬ɽеĵر
Σͺһƽƽԭ֮ϣͻȻɽͣЩҵ֮У˸Ƿ·һЩϢС
⴦طйŹ֡¶ϣ˴ı̽һԶȻ˵
㷢ʲôʵ
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Ͷˣ˵ѰҵķǶԵġ罻֮еͺ񽭺뺣ˮҲһ㡣
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˵ʲôҵĪǧˡԣ¶ݡ
ǣǽӽ˽šʿ˵
ôԭǽžͲɽ֮⵹Ƿˮϵ̶Ѩֲ֣֮ǰܵϢҡΪԥ漴ֵôҪҵأǸĪǧӦûдӳȥɣѾˣǵŬɾȫ׷ˡ
ӦòڣһˣƣӢűָ˲ţҲĪǧһ˸֪٣ȻԲľ֣һ˿񣬵Ѱҽһϣδؾͱǿ졣
ûǵĻᡣԶɽǵĻ˵
˴ŲȶӦҲܳһʱ䣬ĪǧѰҵĿ꣬һڴ˵ɡ
֮ǰҲԷڽӽƺҲһ˿ųֵĹɣϲٹһʱ䣬Īǧͻ֡
⸽һţĪǧҪ뿪磬ͨҲеڱΧҲ
Ǳڷֵ⴦ѰңȻһ۵ɽ֮УǿڶһĿռţǽŸԪңӿԪϺˮͣСѿ֮мš
ʱϿը죬ƣеħһ㣬͵ľſһѪڣɢޱȺ˵ơ
ǿ񱩵ԪԼ˸оЩϤϢ⴦ţӦͨǺĳյϻ֮С
֮еʦʦȵȸ֣жֽƣܲɽΧܿ⴦ԭ۵ĵطΣķ̶Ѩ
ҲӵڶҸ֣ܹЩΪõĺôֻɢޣ½ٹ㷺ٷֻҲղЩͬС
֪УʱȥԴ˷⴦֮󣬱ڴ˲䣬Ǳʣ飬űֻеȴĪǧͶˡ
Ȼʱ䣬еҲΪǶ֪ĪǧһƵҪΣⱻҪĴѰҽţ©ҲֻǸΪˣһѧ峵ѧʶԨ
ټϣ߷ˮѰѨ֮ѧ֮Уڸķ룬νҵרŵȺĪǧ޷ôѰȫԤ֮С
ˣ˻ǲ˿⣬ǽŸӵеǿ֣ϢӦķ󣬸ǲҪǮƵĴ䣬񣬲䷨ֻԶŶС
СĽٵȴգͻȻһɽ֮еһ𣬶˵ǧСģҲ˽ӽˡ
˽ӽĵȻԼǶ飬ҲΪˣȷš
Բ֣ҴϣоͰ׼ʮһ㣬̺һ˿ϢӦþ˵ǸĪǧ˵
ʵҪѣҲȺ˸Ӧ
ɽֻʮĽһϢһţ׵ĺȻǰܶޱȾȻµ̬˲˦µףڶ԰ĸ֮ϡ
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ȻҲѸܵɽ֮еĽϢͬڻĮ֮пѰ֮⣬Ѽ͵ˣԼе
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ȻĪ䡡ҺңĽ֮Уش׸˲أ嶼֣֮ǣֻҪܹѳȥȻжɽĻᡣ
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ʱӰֱӳС
ĿȥӰһСڵ㣬ɼ
һңͷѰɣЩǱģʿ⸱ݣǻڷ˵о֮УǵƲˣؤһȻ˭СΪ֪Է֮˾أȫΪѰý⴦ΣأΪѰҽţĴ
ܹǺ͸ڶֵΧ׷½֮£ҵɹֻһѾ͡
ȻĪǧҪʿλ汾Ȼ΢ɫЩӵص
˵ˡеļȴǶȻֳһƾ⣬׼֡
ͻȻʱҪ˲İΧȦڣΪڶƣϮӰͻȻͣ
һͣ÷ǳͻأ˲ɵöסˡ
ʲôˣ


518 ʣ£
֮Ԫ·һ˲ܵգҲһ˲üΪأ˶סĿ⣬ֱҡ
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ĺ棬˸ţ͵
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һʱ֮䣬ĪǧͻȻһʧ֮С

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һԲʮ缦һԲĻ˽սһƬأʱԪϣϲʱӿֵ׹⣬Ҳʧˡ
һУ÷ƽ˾
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˵֮䣬ټһ

У˼
Ϸ·ͻȻһҫһһ֮䣬·µ֣ղ㾡ȫ͹ĵķʱɿָˣ˶һִǾԼӯ֮䣬ܹ˵ķۺˣ࣡
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ˣ׳Զ꣬սֻǸտʼѡ
ǵ׼ǳ֣ȻҵͨƳˣңǷѾĻȦһ֮ڣƺ׼ҲݡĪǧʱѾӾŭ֮ƽϢ˵־ٶͻȻ
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ǼǵĪˣȻССĺ󱲣׷ɱңڴ˽סҲ֮ʱϵþˣǵ׷ҽɡ
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㲻ϣϣʱҲΪռ˾Եƣ˴ֻܹʹƣӦԣҪڶʱڷֳʤضʩչԪǿֻͨҪ۵طһأض˲أȫû
˿ܣղŶ̶̵Ϣ֮ӴѾʿˣ˽ӵ·ι鵤ȥˣ˸ֱӺͱɱʵֻ񾳣ʮǿͨʿ֮һĻԼһʵ㽫
ˣǻǱøӽĪǧɱ֡
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ǰ׼ҵĹһ·Ծ岻ѵİݣЩɵʵ
ҪĪǧɱˣ۵ؿǰ׼ʮýҲϣΪˣÿһ˵öɻȱԴΪء绰е˼͸¶ųĸ֣𡱡
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ѡ綯ҲԭģӳֵʹõԽǿԽãΪ֮˵Ϊʹ֮õļӳ֮޹أȡᣬһɷ壬ӳɷս
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ңЩҩʦʦʦһҲȷҪǱȫˣ˴ΧԱضҪʧܶա
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Īгķ࣬绢ХһȻ˼£˿
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ʴˣʬͻת۱㱻Īǧ뵽취ȥ챦֮зɳģȴǱ޿ɱܣ޷ơ
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ȻǾٹ֮Ƹ޲ص
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Զ֮ޱȣͬʱҲޱȵ֮ϡ٣Ȼ뵽ּ֮ͬһӲӳԲ۷ܵļڡ
ӣܹ˱ǼޣҴ˱֮һ֮࣬⣬ҲܵɣҲʹ֧Ԯֻһƾ˱ĪǧԿҿ֧Ų̫áʱֵ
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ʱҲ뵽ܹжȴҲҪӦģǻԽǿᣬǵѹַԽҪʱ䣬ܿ綡һĳ̶ȡ
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Ҷˣ֮ѡڰһʿɲģĳ˵ɣʿΪѣҪĵʱͲƸ࣡뵽ҲɵаԿЦ
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ʵԭҲԭʼԪĴڣΪԼĵƱ¶ܣԽ֪Խá
ʱΣټҲӵ㹻ĻҲòЩԭʼԪˡ
˶رãʡЩǲ˴֡
ֻ뵣ͻȻڵĿˮҷսеʿھδ֮УˣޱȾԪԼӿ
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ÿ˳˾ȡָƣֲ˺֮⣬ٸװȡǧȥԱʱ֮裡
˵˴ĵҲɱطһ˿۵ĸо
ÿǧӽˣǱʮټϣЩ˻ָƣǴﵽ˰ϣΪ˾Щˣֱӱ㸶˰ԭʼԪʧ
ҪڹȥӣħʬԪ»渺
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һͳô࣬Ҳ˶ԪϣҲ֮һҲûа취飬ҪǲһЩԭʼԪãֻ½ҪľսˣңǱĪǧˣܵ˳ֻżҩʦƣԶԶֻҷָԭʼԪлָˣ


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һ˵Ҳˣɥ̾ͶĪǧ𷴻
ˣ˫ǽֻȶʿԼͨԹҧϬţһ㣬һһڵĥš
Īǧ޷Ҳ޷ʩչκͨΪЩʿİӣȻܹв磬ȴΪŻΪѹĪǧ࣬ʧӰ١
ЩʿȻ̶ĪǧвȴȻĪǧķÿһȥԪɢʧɢ֮С
ڽЩ˾𣬴Ԫ֮ҲûţߣصʵƲβ˵ı𣿡
ȴǿˣĪǧ฽壬ǿƥеֶΣ˲ֺҪЩʿһ㣬ַΧ϶ҧս֪֮Ҫʱܳɹ
⣬Դ˷ĪǧǵҲһʱ˵ԭϣģֻҪܹĪǧסпע⵽˵ضĪǧɱֻôһǲпʧɱĪǧõֺôཫ֮У֮ıʣ磬ղŵġۡһ㣬ֻ˲תǬ㽫Ǹɱ
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Ҳ֪Ŀûȷӣܹ˵С˵ˣղʲôӣЩ˾ҿԸоǲƸԭҲڿٻָţͬһ鵤ҩ
һ汦ܹ鵤ҩתΪԭʼԪգΪ˾ǣȴϱˡЦһٵ˵
ȻӵԭʼԪȻҲ֪鱦ģɵþ˵
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㻹ԶɽӵĪǧ׵ĵ֮ѡ
ΪӵеԭʼԪҲѲࡣ
İɣУҲС
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ֻЩԭʼԪ۶ΪһŨŨֱӿ£뵽֫ٺ֮С
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ڷѾͳԭʼԪʱȴľˣҲû̫ʹϧͷֻžתƣĪǧá
ʲôԪԶɽɵôΪ죬Īص
ҲǼʶ֮ˣظܵЩԭʼԪ֮У̺֮Ϊֱӱ˳ž뵽֫ٺ֮УΪһ塣
ԭ˵أٻָ
ԭܵ꣬Ƿɿת
ǲ̲Ѫ꣬תΪ˷ȻȻػָʲô鵤ҩá
ɫѵǡԭʼԪ
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Щݵľһ̻¶׺һѾ޴ն״󵶵ģװ׳˳
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ʱĪǧϻư䣬߽⣬ټķҲٷն÷ǡ
ϵϢ͵˼֣Բǿʢ
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ʱѾ춦޲һǧϴִ¾ħòپתΪԭʼԪѾ㹻鷢ӳԲֵǿʵˡ
ǵ飬ƾűܵ츳Լֱ鲼磬ӵеƣ
ס̥壡
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ԣǰվһָ
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һָ죬һָϻָ꣬·̱յĳì͵سĪǧᴩȥĪǧ֪ϸһҲҺҽ£ֻ˺ԶԶر˿ȥ
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ǽŸܵĻɽѱǼսನΪƽأ۱鴦Ǵ꣬˾֮Ҳ·ʧ˻һ㣬㶵վһŵɫƺûдӴлָ
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һ㣡ڻʱǻиҪ飡ȵ
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üҪ˵ЩʲôȴסѾˣͱˣȰúɡ
˵ò֮̽Īǧߣȵֶþ֮ʣһٵʤ֮ʱԶɽҲûս֮Ȱ͵ȫĵط˵
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ҲΪˣʱľȻѣҲûһ˿ʤģңҲвٵĵûãеĪǧս׵ĵ
뵽罹ҲɵΪͣһʧǵģûɵһա
ٻƺһ飿ȻӵеһϢز¶Զɽȴؿһۣʵ
һԶŵ飬ٻ١Ҳ֧Ų˶ã㻹Ҫ׼ص
İɣ֮ҽϣⱾǼƻ֮еĶԲߣ׼ãʱӦԶɽһۡ
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˵꣬ж»صս֮С
ȻίչʧǵӣҲûʲôչ˵ģòԶһҩʦԶɽݱܣԼǷɵУĹ۲š
һ۲죬ȴǺܿ˷֡
Īǧķ˴룬ƺܵشˣղ߶챦Ĵ̣֮ǿƺû˿Ӱ죬˵ĻĪǧҲð߶һꡯֱӽˡ
ҴҵһУȻҲǸܵ˴̵֮ľ޴в
µòȷѾ𣬲ǳƵҪȻǿһ㡣Ĳ²⣬Լʶ̽һ£ȴͬ
ҪĪǧȻݣս֣ʵûнˣ˻ԿѾЩˡ
չֳǿսֻ꼻һ֣ȴȻ˷ǳ޴ѹҲǳӦܹȡʤٶȺС˿ӡ
ʱ򷢶󣬶һˡ뵽Զһʿʹ˸ɫȻһ֮ǰԼõƣʿ˵ͷܿȥʿˣҲжԴ
ŵĸֱռɽͷ
֣
Ҹ͸λ֮Ȼϰգȵ
ʿУܿ㷨ԭɽеĽͺ
ԭһ׼ҪȥţĪǧӴ˽ϣ·ˣ
龰붡飬ʿ˲Īǧ͵ؾæһˣҴҷ˹
˵صϣȻһ㣬ΣҲ׻ȥ
֪ŶǷûκ׼Īǧܲŵ龰ɵһЦ
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ĪǧԳַǿᣬδй⣬Զ˵͹ųȥ
֮⣬һƣһӭײĺȻִǬȡһͷ͵һ֣ټĽţ㱻סһоŲ֮ߵĹ½ԭء
飡
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ԼҲħתȫǿᵶնͼֹܹĪǧƬ̡
ʱ飬磬ԶɽԼڶʿҲֹĪǧС
Զɽʱһⳤű칳նĪǧһָһ»ɬݣ˲䴫ݵĪǧ
Īǧֻеһ䣬òתٳһιѩİܣǰ

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ܿ죬Ӱ㱻קŷɵ˸߿գһ޴Ӧˣ¡һȻ

Ĺ⻪ʱȥ
һĻĪǧ̲ס̾һҲǰҡҺԼͷӦΣٳ֣ܵûôĻǹץס治֪Ǻá
ʱѾЩСǸҴһӵܣӵеرԱһЩСмҵʹ֮󣬷ӳܣҲǲСġ
ͻȻʱĪǧϸһĨҰɫǿƲסѪһӿǧشĵӿ˳
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ΪԲʿһֱĪ֮˵һ棬ħ֮Уһϯ֮أйǣСС󱲶׷ɱĵز
ѰҽŵĽǣ׷ɱľȣ˱ȵ˾ص߳ŭȫһӿ
Īǧûע⵽ǰʬ;һȼɣҪķȴһգ󲿷ҵ𶼷⣬֪δա
ˣвٱɢʬһɢΪƽصȺɽ֮Уǻȼڸ
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Īǧûע⵽ЩԭھߣٻʿѲٸսǷɢ˷ŸСɷ󣬱ܿỤ̃·ЩŨ̺֮޾ľ綾һ㡣
Īǧע⵽һ㣬Ҳ⣬ΪԲɵΪлԲܷжĸӦ֮УΣǶԷӵűľ磬ܹﵽȳ̶ȵģ϶ǵϵĸ֣ߵķˣĶ֣СӦҲûá
ǳ˵ĿǣûЩˣǷܸСеѲŭģһֱɧˣԼЩʿ
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Բɸ֣Ѹƿһ˿֮ķ֮÷ǲҪȥǰ㣬Ϊգֱ뷨֮Уֱ
ǷǻָٶȣԶԶһ龳֣˵޾ҲΪ˿̵ǵ𡰷ޱߡ
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ĪǧִǱ̴챦ļìзҰ˻һķŭ͵һǹǽìͨʿ÷ǡ
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ֻͫıպϣ֮ƺ»ָǹĿֲѹҲڲŽʧ


526 ʧ
ʧˡ
Զʧ֮䣬ҲҲܲĪǧϢ·ղһжֻǻΣ粻ɵ¶֮ɫ
ͻȻذ̾һ쳣յصֻץ鱦Ǻصĸ߽׷ǵ鶼ˣú޲һͬʱЩ飬Ϊá
ҵ鱦ҲǺء鱻ĨɱΪ˷ץֵһԶɽҲ
ҵץ࣬оż߼ǱĨɱģҲˡ˿ԼҲԼջ˳
˽ĵĿǣûаԼĪǧһ˵ϾʴĪǧǣʹ֮ģ׵ħ飬֮󣬵ֵסĪǧƵҲǶ飬ڣͷĪǧʹһΪĵģȻǶ飬һǶȡġ
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ĪǧƷζͣղصľһЩ߽鱦֮սõջʵҲ̫󡣡˵ΪĬ漴Щ޿κεص
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µʵǿûˣ֮ӣҲв̶ͬȵƣ˲ٷ;ƿݡ
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֮⣬ãŷȼӵܶس̶Ȳһƣ궼ĪǧɢˣùӦսڵһߵӴ֮ʱ㱻սӵܵһԱ
ЩʧӰ죬Ȼֹڱ棬߱ض÷Ÿ鱦񣬸鵤ҩˣгҲ֮⣬ĵĸ鵤ҩҲƽ׵ģҪԲˣõʮ鱦ܶ࣬һƽϣ㲻ʲôˣεʧ֮󣬲û˿׬ͷҪϲ١
ǶǴУʵѾ˵ԲҰܸˣûкôս˭ҲԸⷢġ
ǻȥֵ֮һʲˡЦʵҲһ񡣡
Ѿˣѵǻ׬ˣòײŴӽĴ΢仰ԴЩƣʵ
׬׬Ҳ֪μһЩƽѵһһ㣬ܷ񶨡֪鲻ãҲû⡣
ѵһ˵ɫ΢ʵ
û٣˵ͷ˵ο۽ʧ˲ٲͬ飬ܹÿһ٣Ϣ֮Ҳ˵ѵõ飬Уֻ»ûмʿԹ
ôһ˵ƺҲЩüΣѲɻܸӼ鱦˵
ȻܣѵûзԴĿ˸ղŵ֮ҸоԼƿɶ˼֣ԼԼȻͣѾõľ类ˡ˵
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ԣһæϸĸ򣬰
ͻȻ֣ĿٵһĻԿԺ֮һ㣬ޱػطš
ǹµ龰ƺ̺ĳޱȵĵֻ̣ͣأظ
ת·𿴵˵ǽƳ֣ڰͫƲ¶֮ʱմ򿪵˲䣬̲ܡ
ǡ
һĻ񲻽һ޵Ȼӿͷ
ԭѾ̥۷壬ħ֮飬춨˽龳Ļڰͫ˲䣬ǿһţǧУ·ˮӿ˳
ˣ֮գԭˡ
ͻȻ¶ϲ쳤
һһԪƾճ֣ӿظꡣ
ǧޣһ򣡡
һ˲䣬дȻֱͻصƿﵽ񾳣Ϊµ̨ף
㿴һû˵꣬ͻˡ״΢漴Ц
ͻƣû˿⣬Ͼ̳㣬˽ıԵ֮һֱûܹͻƣ޷Ǳȱһѡ
ѵҲֻˮɡ
ûֻǾĸԼı仯
ʱŷ֣ԭΪжôص񾳣ȻֻҪԪ壬գԴﵽֻ˵紬֮ˣҪ̤㵽εĴ֮У̸ףʴˣҪˮ֮⣬ӵ㹻뺣ޣΣɱʵܹƽ֮Ϊ飬֮ѭ򽥽Ϻһˮкʮĳ׼֮󣬲ɴ
ﵽһ֮ʿܹʱ֮䣬ֻ壬УҹΣް
һ磬û֣ȴԸоԼԱøǿˣңԼǻ״ݵȵͨʦͨȫһٶȳĸо
ԭ񾳣ṳ֮̂ǰоǧѣ̤֮ȴ˼򵥡ɵ̾
ǵȻȻΪʿΪػԵȻǸǣ츳ԣЩʵҲо˷ླһ˿ƺڸղŹ֮ʱдٵӡ󣬻ȥ֮󣬱ضе伮ͨһŹٵط
ԭڸղĿ٣ϢĹУȻܵһ˿ͷֿĵɴҲ˽˶۷࣬һͨͷ
ܹɹķ࣬ضҪһޡˣǿ࣬пܴﵽͬ׾޵УϾǷǳǿģУ漰׷ֻǹ湦ط֮ͬУѹһͷ
˵òԭֶͨνŴﵽ񾳵ģ֮󣬾һֽٺƶĸоͺֻĿ٣ҲĿһԶɽĻҲŵ
˵ͷ˵идϾǸղžΣѾ˵һˣӵƬ̣ȫûпܡ
һ̶ϣҲ˵ǸŶһ٣㹻ߵĻԺ϶
ֻƲ֣Ϊܹķ࣬λȥҲ鷳֮ˣʧĶܹԲ磬Ҳֲ
˵䣬ʿٺãɢʧڸ֮ͬ⣬ԤȲãȴûóķҲ
˽Ǽ̴챦𣬽Ե˲ѡ
ȱôˣǻȥɣʲôȻȥ֮˵ۣǰļ򣬰ο
ܿ죬˱̣̤Ϲ;
һ·ϣ˶¥ţֱʱҲлƣԼԼĵʧ
ǰ춦нʣԭʼԪ䵽ʿϣЩԪƣָȻȫͶ뵽춦ע붡ڡ
ڶҲûд󰭣ֻľ֪ʱٴѶѣһ֮󣬵ǵ飬Ҳ𽥷
ץľż鱦飬ֵνңΪֲжʧҲýȥһ벹ʧԭʼԪжĹأ߶ԣˡ
ֻҪдһʧ֮䣬Ԥϡ
뵽עͶ뵽˶еһƺ֮С
ƺⲢǱĶĪǧץȡĪǧ̺֮һ˿
ԲɵĶǵ뢵ĸֻаȫ궼תΪ񣬲֮ʿʸΪ뢡
˵ֶмǲܵõģһλ֣ԸԼ깱׳׸棬׼ĸ֣ҪǿĪǧҲ
ĪǧƿԼ񣬶֮䣬ʹ֮תط򣬾Ӳλ׷ɱҲԼӡ
ܹ֮õǿ
ȣΧĪǧĪǧȲûаǷڣԤϵԼ䵽ȺСУӶΣĪǧȻûԤϵ˾Ȼܹٿػħս֮֣ʴǣһҲһ㣬ܹٻĵ飬ۻһ
Щ̵ֿۼһõĻԵ˵ǧҲΪ
ֶôأǰ˵õԲʿһ˿Ҳûֳɵ֮жֵ
Ѱ˼ţͷԼץסͼʲô֪ôǵãȴû˽⣿
ֻϧʱѾ֮УӣʱǲˣҲ׾ʲôصĺ
ãƺûд󰭣ԪȻѵģҪ취ǺȥٴδɱħˡңεʧҲȷ̫󣬳Ǽ鱦֮⣬пܵǮƽȥȡһЩֲ
Ҫ˵һ¡а㣬γծΧжӰ֮ʱ춦ڣȴ࣬һ
Ӹղһֱ˼ûд˿̣̲ס˵˳
ʲô£΢һ£ʵ
֪ͷĪǧģʲôţӵ
۳һ˷ֻ࣬һַǳģٿͨɣҿһԱٵˡ΢ϸһµʱ龰ɵþ̾
ˣ˵ʲôѲɣͨ
ֻ²ͨǶ츳ܣ۳ˣҲʲô࣬һλԶŴڵͶӰ
ӵʶȻһ٣Ҳޱȹ


527 Բ鱦ϣ
˵⻰ʲô˼ѵʶûλ
Ҳɵñһ˿֮ġ
̸˴ȴҲټ˵ȥˣЩɲ˼ֻǵʱܸλԶŴڵţȶ֮Ҫú̸һ̸ʱȻ֪
ȻˣԺ˵ɡ
һֱô˵Ҳûбȥ
ٻ¥зţŷȥ˻ӵһЩԭʼԪָš
ƺҲ֪Լ˴ʱ䣬ʵࡣ
ãô
һգѰ϶úһ
ڳмǹ뿪˭֪Ҫʲô˼棬ⲻ͸ˣ˵ʣ¶һ޹ɫ˵
ݵش˶ɵΪŹ֡
γɲɽˮ֪οǲ㴳
ҴʲôƲƲ죬ȴЩص
㵱ʱʹĪǧṳ̂ǵİΧȦУǱȣҲòóȻ֮սһ
ˣȴҲ޷̫𱸣ϾҪƽǰ׼ʮ谮Ůûõġ
УûõľǵѰͻȥ׼˻ҪԹûкúչ˰ݣվ
ЩҲȥ͸һȥɣһ˺úÿ㣬;뿪
°ǳʲô¶粻òֵļӣһ
ŶͷȴĵûзȻЩؼʱ̣Ҳµġ
漴һֵ飬ɵٴͷ
йأĪǧһꡱͨУԪֱӴһݵ꣬˴ӵʿȻ˿̥εı仯ָ֮ԭģʵȱʧȴ޷ıģ鲻õĻ´һλſҪʹˡ
ڴ˵һλſʧҲǼصġ
λҵɶеģ뵽ʲô취ȵĻߴͽ̣ڴ˸м
ȻҲǸܵļѣòһ˵ļӣǶλӵܣǵſͣǳϿޱȵ
ҵǾԼжôһ޶֮䣬ҲֵǮұϾǴ޾ļ̳ˣҾʹ˳٣ڣһ겻ҳ˵ؽһֵ֮Ĵ
㲻Ҫ̫ģ޾֮·ܻа취ġ̾һȰ⻰ȴЩԲԣ˵Ҳû˵
ǰɽڣûգǻᾡ취ġԶɽҲο
ˣȴΪʲô취ɽ⡣
ĪǧʩչǡһꡱͨԲʿ֮ʱķͨ޷֮⡣
Ψˣ˵ʩչһͨҪĴҲ٣ǷԸʩΪδɶ֪뵽һܣֵ
ǵ˵齥ȥ
ʵعʱ䣬Ҳƽ֮ȥ벻ԲʿʹѹأȣҪҵܹͬʿƽĪǧʩȻⱾʿʩչͨ踶ĴۣҲԹģϾƾʿԪͨһۣһλ˲ţҲǴ´ˣֺαһҪʩչʧܵӵϣ
뵽˴ҲɵЩĻ䣬޷ɽ⣬Ļˣ֪֮䣬вٸܹƽ⣬ȴûǳֵĿܣ˾ġ
ӣа취⸱ģҲɵðʵ
飬˵Ҳѣ˵ҲѣؼǴۡӵʵղѾú͸ˣȻλӵܣԵ޹ʣ˭ԸΪ֣ңԴЩ˵ĴۣҲһλˣǸߣҲ˷ѹ
Ҳ֪Բ飬Ҳֻʱ׵Ժ󣬲ȥˡ
ЩҲûãúòһ񾳣ҵľ˵ҸոոٶͻƣɲҪΪиȥ»صء
¥ڼ·ص䣬ר־رչ
ܹѾ繮ּ̣⡣
ʱƽ۵ĺô¶ħһƲл֮֮꣬Ѵﵽʿǿȣʱһͻƣޱȵɡ
ֻǹգоһ㣬ת龳ʿյͨҲˡ
ȻҲħµĹܹͣյĵѴޱȣӵһõĸ߽׷ͬڸ߲εľ硣
ڽ񾳣ǲǴٶǰɳǣ̽Ѱɽˣ
ֹ˼գ붨һ顣
ɳǣǸطҳҪȥģںľҶеԪҲ˲٣ʱ޷ˣ꣬Żɡ˵
⼸һ֪ţͻȻҵİ취벻֪ӵ
Ȼ֪ԣ⾪ϲصҵĵ̶ڽϳ˵ʵ̫㣬ǻԵδѴﵽˣʱûͷҪ˻һͻƣдﵽླȴЩѣҪȥɳ̽յĻĪǧһ˿񣬿¾ǹؼɡ
Ҳ֪ͻȻἰ£Ȼȫ޹ԼҪٶǰеһǹؼ
µòȰһ֮Уγɶص鱦ԱܿɳϿյжƴ˱ȥԺĵ伮ӳ顣ӵ
ԣɵõ˵ͷ
ȻЩͷβһ͸Ѫ޹飬ֻǶ˶ԣԼĪǧһ˿˵׬ǿΪʱ磬ܵһֵΣ¶ۡ
Ȼ˽ģϹײС㽫һ˿һ˿񾿾ʲôôֵж֪еЩϼʶ㣬֪ҲѯЩˣֻǰϡ
֪ҵҲвٵ伮еĸţ֪ʶأܴҵһ˿
ڴӿе֪ԼԽһ֮УγӵϢ鱦еļƻҲ
ȷһ⣬ңʵƺҲѡ
ղᵽ취ǵڶʲôʱʵ
ڶ취ȻͬԴͨлһ㣬֮԰ǿںϽԼķ֮Уû޳ɷླ̸Ϊʱ磬࣬Ҳ຦δؾǸ֡ӵ
֮СΪԥһ£漴ᶨҡͷУǰóȻ˼Ƭкüζʧأ޷ƣԲʿĲл꣬ض߻ħңǰ;һƬҲȷûбҪôļΪѭ򽥽Ҫķ࣬δؾͻԭҪںĻֻ»ԼǱɣ
ȷ䶼Сҩֶ˵κĵر鵤ҩٴⶼã̺һ˿ʵģȥΪ޳ȡľ֮飬֮󣬾ΪǶȽʧܶµĲл꣬ʶѱϴ֮󣬲ɼӰ죬ˣ̫֮ͬпܳ嵭Լһչ࣬пܱпտյĳմʿ
ȻҲͬĿûн֮УϾԣĪǧһ˿ʵ̫ǿˣҪûɹͬ
ȻԺгɣΪԲɵĸ֣ԼҲһ㽫ΪĲƷܹǿԼ֮
ϸϸȨһףǾһԼ֮УΪӵеǿд˱ڣΪǿػκվת徵ء
ңױԶŵһ׷Ǳ޴ӵо޴Ľռ䣬Ʒʣģͽ׵ķ޷ء
ٹգڻصųǡ
ȻΧһԲʿ׳٣ʧأǿ˲٣˲ɵöֻĸоˣûоκˣֱӸظҡ
Լ֮ɣ෱֮£оһ鲹սߣԼſ͡
ǱˣصԼУǼ÷ˣ˵һľȻΪ׼
񲢷ǸӵַˣҪע뵽֮Уһ£ֻǾĻԼѱһĵĹ򣬲֮ǰѱĨȥʶѱ֮һֱ춦УҲû˿ãѴѾˡ
ɴƽ׿ҲУһȻֻ֣ԹѫҵýʸҵһЩͽ׵Ź
Ϊ׵Ʒ׶׼
ʱһξ࣬ʱʱǰ²սķ粨ѹˣڸһ֮£ǵȼӵܣҲʵĲ
Ϊ鷳Ļһ¡
ԴصţȻ̥εı仯֮ͨˣĵĸ֣ȴ޷ܿ죬ǱҲ̽ԪѾûмʮûʵ
ټϣԼһ̽ѱ
͵һӵܣڷʥ棬ŴΥ涨µ֮ˣȻָ֮ǰս֮͵ˣûɳ㹻ĸֲսĪ䡡ӵܡ
էŴ£磬Զɽˣɵóһæҵô¡
࣬˵˽ع⣬Ǵ󳽹ǴͣټϣǷҺһͬ̽չһɸֱ֮ʱҶռ˼ʱҲû˵ʲôڿǾʹ˼ˡ
ԭǴ󳽵عߣֻͨպӵܣĵ󣬾ȻҲǰ㣡Ŵ£ɵһЦ
Զɽʮһĺᣬű̬ȴǵָʵݣҼǵõʱΧǹĲҲɱ˼ʿġ
ڵ⣬ûȣ̽һ£ʩѹҪ͵ɫʲô
Զɽ΢ȴҲòϣԣе
ع⿪ͷһɹԴ˽³ͷ˶֪ˣ֮䵽أҲмΣǳ棬ƽ°ɡͻȻ˵


528 Բ鱦£
֮˵һȴѪ嶯
ʵ֪磬Զɽ˹ϵ׽֮У⼸ӵܴһ𣬱һССȦӣŸ֧ˡ
Щ֮УҶǹϵУһŵĽˣֻԼ½ӵܲˣҪǵȦӣһЩ飬ܡ
仰˵ҪύˣΪʶ׽ҲضܹĶ⣬һζֻȡô
ʱȴ̬ĻᣬһΧԲйأѲ˸ϵѩ̿ǱȽף־֮ʱύ̫ףڴ˿̣ѣÿ԰һѡ
ȻҲǷǳʩˣͼıرǼƽǰ棬СоҲСǻۣͼıԶľӣضһʮ۳á
Ҫģ޷ǾһҲҸ˲ͶƣŲʣʧƣҲκβԶɽض٣ͬʱҲΪˣܽذһѣȹȨƣչˣԵõǵ꣬˵֪ҲͲѣʿͶʱ򣬿ǵΪ˿ɿҲø١
ˣûԸԼԿ˵ģеʱ򣬳һЩСȴǷǳбҪ
ӶٲµĴ㣬֪볹Ϊ׵һӵȦӣɵ͵ص
⼸꣬ĿȾؼʶһЩ飬Ѿճʱôļˡ
ҰδҲǳԿܻǴĴˣŪأǼεģع˿Ҳ˵ǣԻܽŷ˵
ٰοһȴǾعⲻ֪ôǰŪǷǣҪػˡ
صУɫأӭʵʦܣʲôˣ
ûʲô֮ϵЩѡҡҡͷûа֮¸
ʲô½ˣҪĵףһҲǺõġЦɫȴӹһ˿ǡ
ԽԽгǸˣʲô飬ҲԸҲûа취Ϊӣضٯһ㣬Ƿֵ÷ǳġ
Ҳû׷ʣֻһЩϵʣԼе¡
ˣǰӲҪǰ˻һǧ̺ԣҲؾĴ
̸һͻȻ飬˵
ŶѾˣЩ⾪ϲĶʦ㡣
ںԺ
ԺֻԺŲٵ黨ݣǴǺǴɸֲñȽϺÿģԺУҲƽֲܹҩֻ֮á
ҲӵдĻ֣֣ݳ޵飬Եʱɸб鲼ɽͷĴȻвٱϵ˷ȥʣµģۡҲ´ࡣ
һ۱㿴һԺһǵССУͨ巺ϣ΢΢Ź⻪񣬹ţתһҲϢȻгɣʶࡣ
ľһȽѵãв֪ٴȴǷΪ
˵ûһ࣬ԶȶҲǾѡģǶȹ˻ٵһԣһ쾳磬ԶԶûдﵽܹεľ磬ȴ᲻
ԭһ꼫ΪѵõȽٳɹȴ̫Ԫ󲻵ò̳ܺԣһӵľ磬ûӦķͨҲͣ൱һ¶ͯ
һƺͷ꣬Ȼγ飬һַǿȡһǵµӡڷ֮УѱΪ顣
ַǶ컯ΪãٳɵЧҲб鷴ɣ𺦵Σգ꾳༫֮󣬸ֱĨɱǣΪһʹãҲصı䷴ɣֻôһγɵԶܳɳΪ飬ܳѷˡ
аƽŸŵףаȨš
Ȼָ̺֮꣬䱾ʣҲΪܶ֡
һ֣Ȼγɵ飬һԣΪϤµ׽ԼѱĳǺһ㣬ɵķ͡
ʴˣַֿɿʦΪͳĶ
ڶ֣ǿȡ࣬˵ӡڷ֮УʹתַȴǽΪūʹã׵׵İԵ
ǧٹֵķţɺγɵĵ֣ɳΪаˣɼڷ֮У֮ʹ÷ʿΪãΪϢ֮ռʿǣԶᣬֻߣԵɺ֮£ɷγֲͬ͵飬һӵԼʶ
˿ҪõģȷҲǰԵǴΪʳͶԭʳãʻ֮ǿԭǿȣȻ󣬵Īǧһ˿
һ񣬲ΪɵĻᣬҲôһ񷴹ɣֱӽűҲԤϡ
ȻҲôģĹ伮ʧȥʶһֻ꣬൱һǣûʶļԦԶֻ˰ڲԭˮĥ򣬻ܹãֱӶҲ˵ʱߺΪһ壬ֱ˴ˣξǴˡ
֮ǻ۵£ΪáǶлˣʦ㡣е⣬Եл
˵ʲôȥþˡ΢Ҳǻ֮
һץ裬ȴ֣⻨边ȻҲһ̺ŵƵķγɷӡѹе顣
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һŵâʱ˸пԸܵ䴿֮
Ȼֻ³˵Ϊһ꣬г۷ʿңϴ٣Ȼ񣬵ҲӵԶͨΪǿҵʺϸҪײˡ
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ʿ䷢֣ʦ޸֮һ˿±ȴȥôʻˣʦа취֮ɿһֻ飬Ҳϵʿ
ҲΪΣ󲿷Ϊľګ֮ħ¡һ顣
ʶ̣׹ȥЩ̶Ǿ֮ײ޷ӦĿ֮£Щ̣ں
أ׵΢׳һ֣ƺͨɣԼ
ڴʹ֮ʱҲ춦нʣԭʼԪͶ˽ȥԲΪɶ˥

֪䣬ʱȥ
ʱУƺ˲ٵ飬˼ƣ˵ҪչǱޣҲû˲ʶȤʧƣԵЩ㷲ҲʶȤûг֡
ڰݣԴӸ˷֮󣬺ͱ׼ʮˣһ͵͵ܳȥĪǧãˣֻѾ⣬׼ʮٳҲûɲͽһ
ʱյƽ֮У뷽跨Ѱǿ꣬編ƣһһɣؽ׵˾۷ıԵ
Щ飬һֱѭ򽥽ţֱоʱ죬ԿʼںĪǧһ˿֮ʱŰͶ˽ȥ
ʱѾ޷һˣΪҲѴݻٵĶܹǧǧ򻯶ʧ䱾ԣȫļܹ֮ͣǵҲûʲôµˡ
Ԥϵһ㣬ԼĪǧͶ֮׵鿪ʼضȻѭűܣͼһе꣬׳Լ
޷ݻ٣߽һȴڽУһƺһ˿Ұԭĳױףһֻ֮С
ԭ飬Īǧ˭Ҳκβ˭ںһ𣬺϶ΪһľҲĪǧ֮УҲûһ˿Ĵڣһ֮У̾Ҫᣬռ
ʱ񽻲һ𽥲ֱ˴ˣ֮ϣҲһ֮ı仯
ֻԭǻް޹ۼƬʼһɳĽ׹â·ͨ嶼ɰɣԭֲҰһԶϢ֮УҲһޱׯϣ˵ʥĸоԼ˵õ֮С
Ϣ֮֮ΪׯϣΪʥ֮ʼ뿪ٵ֮֮Ĵ֮
ƺˣԭںһ֮ǣңǿҲ˼ˣΪϢһ
ֻҪʱգȫںһҲԴףĸ߿շУԲľһ㣡
Ⱦ֮ףɵĳȣһϲ뼤Ȼ
ȻֻǳɣȴѾ¶Ϣˣ֪ȫںһ֮ϢؽǿʢпסԼ꣬ڸ߿ն֡
һ̣ԭΪصҲڻָʮԲΪһԲ鱦һء
ϲͬʱҲɵЩɻ󣺡ţЩ԰ĪǧˣҲ߿շж޹˼ɣΪʲô׵ϢҪŨңֱֻҪϣڸ߿Ҳף
ˣԲʿûնҲֻڣԣЩҲڣ׵Ǵ񣬵֮ףܹױϢҲ
ң񲢲һҲڽ֮£˶ȫһ൱ǾĴøΪҲΪ档
ʣѵ
ԭˡ
žϢԽԽϲһ۸֣
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529 ϣ
ʲô΢΢һ
֮УһЩ
ͺĳңӦȲʶҲǷȴ뷲϶ӵеѪһͻȻ뵽һ顣
ʱΪƻǲǰһȵĵطѰ̺Զ֮ѪѪݡԴ֮Ѫ֮Ҳһ˿ԶϢΪĻѪ֮Ум䳣Ҳ׵쳣Ӧ
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أ
ʱо֮䣬·мѪըǹ͵سС
ãѵŶæסԷǹҴܡ
֪ʲôо赽˼㡣
Ȼǹӿ֮ȴƺҵһ㣬ʼѪںֻоԼһůģ쳣ͬʱԾ˼ƬҵۣѾȾϢ׵ƬཻɢһаׯϵϢ
֣Լǹ΢ԶѪƺһ˲֮˰ٱ࣬ԭһ˿һɡ
ʱ춦еҲܵ춯и˳
ӣ֪ղӿڵʲôһ̵
ȻѪʱûбֳκ춯˭һԼϤҲе
ɲصģֻԶѪ⸱ףײȡƶɣ̺ѪҲǰûзĴڣΪǱص̫ֱ񣬲űƳ޷ټʱָӦڵͬԴѪ˲׷
Ȼдһ˵
ɵ÷һ˿Źֵɫ
ⶫòʲôɣ
ԷģѪֻһΣ԰ѷתΪһɣʿҲתֻǵĵ巢仯ǿᣬֻ־ᶨߣпת֮бֻʶƬױ׳ա׾ͽѹ˵ҲѾʧȥԭֻҪܽκκƻ
˵΢΢һ٣ֵ˵⡮ƻҵĸоƺԶʱһͨƣͨ־ͽʿѪ仯ΪӳͬԶһʵı֮ʱԶ֮ʱΪˣƵ巨֮󣬵϶Ϊһ覴ãܹӳԶʤƽʵ
Һ˵ˣᵽΪζ֪ЩѵԶʱļ临գ
ŪӿʲôеɻҲõ𣬵ʱҲɵ˸ɻ
ȴ뵽ǰһμƻʱ򣬽гȴǡ˹ҲĽ֮£ʼ˹
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ʼָǹͻȻ֮ӿԼڵѪ
š
ʱƣҺңֹĪ䡡ҵսۣҲ𽥳䶨ƱԽ
һգϢӵѱһ򾡣ĪǧϵԲ֣ҺңΧħͷǲȥľӢҲѾɱȫû
ϢһأʱӵܺʿΪܣΪϢ֮ս»ϱˣҲζţӴ֮ǿԲĴҲУͰɽȹޱȣٵı˴ڲƻˡ
һʣ㽫Ϣ©ħѶҪȡǵʤʵҲء
ϢŵʱڱչصҲ֪һʱ֪ˡ
ʦܣֳ˵Ҫһ𣬺ʲô顣
Ϣ֮ᵽһ顣
ʲô飬һҪȻѾأȥһҲáʦ㣬ҪҪһȥ
˰ɣ˵飬һŮӲʲôЦ
ӵۻᣬȻ޳ɣȴУΪǳŮȻҲеλŮ¶Ҫ֣޷һ㣬ﲻʲô˿ƽЦ
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һȥҲûǿ縮ϡ
ʱȻҲڡ
ҲյϢ˰ɣӵԲʿԼΧԵĶ鶼ѱɱƿ֮Сһ
Ҹող֪
ǿ֪ζʲôĿտȻ˵
ζţǸ̯ƣ·ʱˡ
˼ص
ǰ飬ȻѭУǿΪ𡯵ԭ򣬲ҴԭħȻʵǼȻҪȡ棬µˣڼ
Ҿ֪Ҳ뵽һ㡣ˬһЦ
̸һֵˣǰʱ䣬ǲҴһЩ飬Ще߻ܣʱǣҿǰһ飬翪ڼˣҲһ꣬Ǳɳ룬صǺˡ
ԣЩ㵡
Դǽ磬Ҿڴ˵أΪǲ֮ʱ֪ƲӵܽԲ뿪ļ꣬ȻҲ統һ㣬ӵܶ
Դӵ˵Ӱ첢̫Ϊʿһʮֻ꣬һѣ˴̲౦أǿڿҰ֮ĴѰԶž޵źЩźתΪֵּƵĲϣȡ޴ĲƸ
Ҫ˵Ƕݼ겻ܳȥʮ꣬ϰ꣬Ҳñڴˡ
ԴΧĪǧû׬һ֮һֱҪȥٴǺдɱħҲֻܿٲ춦еʬȡྫѵʱʧֲ
Ѿ׾ΪԲ鱦̽ɳһ£¾㱸ֻǷ硣
ⶫȻǶ飬ƻ֮УǱزٵһûصİִԸǰ̽Ѱɽ磬Ŀܣȥ޻ء
çײ֮ˣҲóԼҪУҪ׼
ϢǴģɿɿ
ڿһ¹شҲɵٴһ
ҸϢѵвɿ𣿡Цһȴޱš
ȻҲ֪ΪʲôǵóȥɣҴ£Ҳãٹ£Ǳˡ
ʱһ顣
ˣƸı䣬»ڽٿᣬ֮ӵܴ£еı֣Ҳһ򵥵Ⱥͷϲ˻˴λڵʱЩС֮ʱˡ
֮ϣƣǣͷѵѹסЩСɣЩΪȻص
֪ҵ⣬̬ѣһ̬ζת徵أеŽἫΪҲ֮˵Ĳ²⣬ҿҲǲϲԱ̬ģҪ»ϡ뵱ȻĻЩɬЦЦ
ô˵ɾؿһۣܿҲ֣˵治١
ȻͬһѰ֮꣬Ҳ޿ɺǣټңֻһλģӵҲǸпɽϵ֮
ƣҪع˽侮ʯóȻ棬ضִ󣬵ʱҲÿ
ڣҪٵѹأֻعӵܵĹ˽棬ȻӦԣķչͲôÿˡ
ˣԶɽ˵ˣʮһĺᣬʱֱûг縮ϣǣ̬ĵ޿أ磬Ҫæ
ģʱҲ棬չȣݵˣḽβӦ͵ģ㲻õԼ˵
ô˵Ҳɵõ˵ͷ
ˣ˼Լǣͷ飬׽ӵܣһ
˵ĶԻޱϲȴվɫ飬Ͱˡ
ʱĳƺҲѾΪԼǰ;ƴһˡ
еķǿʳΪʣԭ֮ӣһʧƣǧ˲ŰķϲҪıˣҲӵ㹻ǿʵԭԼȨƱס
İɣҴӦ飬һҲɫ
֮󣬹Ȼ˵ټӵܾۻᡣ
ʱǳؽʼУҡ׼Һңħԭеķ²һǴ󣬶սٻķݣ¥̨Ҳڸʿ֮£ɿš
ʿֻɱ֮Ͼɱ֮ܿ˵ʤȴ첻ʿԸԱ֮ϰգǱʵǿĴңУŶǡ
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ˣЩ˵Ĺ滮ָ֮£ټʮƵķ͹ʹȷǳϲˣ֮䣬ڻٻķԭƽ¥߰ռ䣬깤ʮ£һԲɡ
ţʾһ
һ·Ƕߴȥ·𽥻ָٵĽֵ㳡˼
ȴ뵽Լǿٸ÷ˣʿȻͨ󣬵ȴ඼ǷģණҲ벻ˡ
֮еһ綫еķʥ룬վڵеȺ
һ뵽Уʱ㷢֣ԭɢڸӵܶˣһЩǴϵİӵܣԼһʱ򣬱͵͵ָ㣬ƺǸЩ߽⡣
⴦ǣſͷ֣ϱ֪ģˣСҲһˡ
ûЩ˵ָ㣬۹۱ǣǹģȺ򣬲һȼ˽Ҳһ˹ظ˹
磬
ǴкͻȻɫһԭء


530 У
˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻһʮ꿪⣬Ȳӳſڣ⼸ӵһ˽
Щ˿ǽڽӵܣڶŵʱвûǵӡ󣬲ĿЩ֣ɫҲһ˲üΪѿֲɵ΢дʵôˣѵʶǣ
ʶȻʶǺǣô᲻ʶǡ߬˫ȭɫЩס
ȱңǾ˭ʵ
ǸǰˣǰҸ˵ع⣬ߵģҶܣ
Уӹһ˿ڵľŭͷߺޡ

ҴĶӣȴһĸͬƽʱϵҲ׽ֻһû뵽ؼʱ̣Ȼ
߲ˣȻߵЩǡ
Ǽ˿ᣬʵǴĻϣʦǹĿ͹ǾȻˡ
𣿡Ļɫ΢
ԴĪǧһꡱͨ챦ܹԱֵλĸʵѵȻ޴档
ԭΪ̫ӣǳӵޱȣǽһλӣ֮⣬ֵܣѶĶ֮λʱȡ֮
Īǧûг֮ǰ˭ҲĵλЩҲѵܹΪʵһĪǧʧԪ֮󣬲Ҫ˵ˣֵҲŴ
ʱ򣬶ͻȻıΪΣѾȻҡ
еŭǣеλȻĳϣʦȻҲһٲȻǸݻˡ
ˣҲܸоһıϢ
Щ˲ƽ޹ģһҵ鱻֪ˣһĸƽǸŮˣĶӵ϶֮λһᷢѵġߺ޵ص
Ҫż黹ûе޿صĵزȿ˵ɡ֣ļϣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʱعˣƺҲЦԶԶؿһۣ㵽һվŵȺˡ
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µ֮Уӵ϶ƽȣȻûи֣֮ʵȴˣһСȦӣռ˵ǰŵλãȴɸݵλԼų̶һԣжƻǱ
ǲ絽ʱǰŵλҲûбռݣԾǰ棬ԶɽƾһȺԱվ
Զɽǵ΢΢ףĬĬش˸кӵȴǱĿ£Ҳ֪ûע⵽ǵ̫Ľ
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ǣ档һƽʿӵ׵һ˳ţһʶ飬λӵܣȱ£ʯڽ𣬳ľǳ
һʱ࣬ڳӵܵ¼ȱıӵУԴ˻ȡӱĹѫıȡõõĳûҲҪֻҪܹȥޣվлᲹϵġ
ǵеĲ˶ԣҲǼõ׬ȡѫĻᣬ֪һЩĻﶼξͷϷڴˣǽҪᵽͷ£ΪҪ
Ȼ֮ǰһ㣬Фƽʿʺֵȵļƻ֮ἰ˵սʱ顣
ǰ꣬ҴٽĪ䡡ңӵսºͣ˹ͣڴͬʱҲЩְأȻҶԼΥսɲҪԼ˷ҵ
ФƽЩ˵ͨӵܿǶЩʲôˡ
ɫȻ˵
ФƽӦһЩӵܱ˳
棬Ǵˣڳᴦð
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ǼȻһЩ͵ˣ֮ΪرеļأﵽˮĿģȴû뵽浱ûгǣʱȴǵ˵ͨ
ˣÿ˶۳һǧǧѫȣӦҲ١
ĳЩڶſͣƽջӽ֪ΪӵܶԣֱǱɱǻҪܵĳͷֱӿ۳ѫ൱ڷûǧ񣬼Եֵһ龳鱦ˡ
ʱ˶أеģеĺԩ̬ٳ
ڣҰǺȥ
ϣФƽʿһüͷ漴ĺڼʿֱӱ㽫Щ˸˳ȥ
ǿɶˣ幩ǣƽյöȣĵرĸƽģҪӵܵ͵øȥҵŸԵĹѫȥȡ
֪ͣˡ
Ȼ²ؼЩ˵³ǰӵѵΨΨŵŵ˿Ĳ
ͷ֮۹ͣʱ򣬸˶ǧȵĹѫҲϲԼ֮ǰսлһǧѫ˺ΧĪǧΪһĸ󻼣磬ԶɽˣǸƽǧѫ
ȻĿԶԶǸĶ࣬Ҳһοˣ廹ǲӵܹ͵ģԼ˽֯жֻҪΪ˹ףȻܹõϡ
ֹ˲ãӵܶ۹ͣԻ˻ر֮ԡ
ԭоĹϾӵи󣬼Ӣ䣬Ҳ㵽Щط䲻ֻ©ҪӵԼġ
ʱһˡ
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Ȼϣʱ򣬴֮УԽڶ˵
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ھӵܶԣǱ²ؼ̬ȣϷģҲֻһ෹̸ʣϵС
ȴǴĶӣȻֱΪ̫ӣݵɫţҲǹˡ
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ͱˣҲû⣬ֻʵ˵ѾʧԪѣңд£
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ʵмҳҸйĹأԭһwڼּҵԣȫȨļ̳ˣεĻʵۣԸ
ȻûرɣҲַܲ
ƺǵã챦ǵּ֮ʱ͸ǵ֮Ȼûбڣ˵һԲ鱦Ҳɴһˣ㲻˾Ԫûر֣֪񣿡вοأ滹һԴޱȵ
桭¶ɬݵڵأ֪ǡ
ûʲôǵģ֪ҲԸˣԪʧرȴ޷ĵʵ㵱֪Ϊһ̳ߣضˣٽҿ㣿沢ûΪʹı˿⣬·ʯĳһ㡣
ʵʿ֮УҲ̫֮ˣ׼ʮһ㣬ȻҲ谮ĺ󱲣һܼ࣬󲿷Զģİ·һ㡣
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ȡ֮Ļǰ
ҪˡӹһĨϲɫ
ȥһֱλ̫ӵӰ֮£ӴԴȴΪԼУȡ֮뷨Ҫıһλ龳ʿҲôģֻȴᣬϵš
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ҲظΪʮĻˣ޹ϾԼƽʧȥȨκˣӵлĻҪȡ֮˱ʣ磬ԶɽȼҲΣ񣬱ǵεʱˡ
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ջע⣬̧ͷڵϵ棬˵
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֮һ˻ˮʵҲϣ̫ʶдһԡ
ˣȻţȴҲ֪λظĵ䵽أԼҲмΣ˵ǾȡҲΪȴ·ûеĹ֮⣬Ц
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磬Զɽȼԣʱɫ΢䡣
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ҲǾӵܣȻپȣҲᵱСУʧǣֻǿסȥ
ԸضָܹԪӵһ˵ǱʵʧҲڰ֮ʧãǲ챦Ҳ̫ԶͬԴӹ񣡡
˵ľ㵣˵


531 £
ʲôȻָܻԪңӵһ
Ļʱסˡ
˵ô£
Ҳסˣû뵽·ϾȻɱһǿӲĶ֡
֪Լ˵ʲô˵һĻҲɵøе⣬һۡ
֪ǰڿһȴԸΪ
㱾ԲôΪˣ֮УЩŭȻȴˣΪǲϲ
沵ʱȴȻԸΪǴ±ԺɣҵҲ뿴ʲô취ָܹ
棬򲻿ɰһԼҪȡΪ̫ӵϣգﻹ̵סվ˳æ
Ѿɥʧ̫ӵʸǲʵλԸΪָԪرҲضڰ֮󣬶֮һ޾֮λҲͬˣΪһԱ
ô˵΢΢һЦҼԸΪǱȻʧȥһԪǱҲһλƽӹسɴѣΪûǱͨӵܣ޷˼
⡭Ļסˡ
ԣҡɣͣΪľǱѪͬʱ಻Ҫķں֮С
ʱǴǷʸ̳дָۣһκҲûа취ʵǾǣǴ˳̫ӣǵճӣ
ѾɥʧԪҲ൱û쾳ѣû쾳˼ӵܣ֪û˵ΪԪݱõġ
ԪǱʵЩҸΪעصʵѪͳ߶ܣбҪǸӣ壬ȫȡ֮ˣôȻǿڶʱʹüʱһضʹõ֣ɥʧͳĻȥļ壬ǿʢкιٴӳԶ˵ūͼӣոӹ˽ӣвܱüִһǷΪ
ԣҲɵʵҸ֮У˾ҲǲٵģûӵйʿԪȴͬѹþٲʢһǳְ֮
ȻҪǿ֧ţҲҪ£壬ܣҪΪЩǿ׼λãɹΪߣãȴδ
һ˶ʵ̫ˣɥʧԭԪǱҲûǰ;һ㣬ʵֻҪûдңƽӹִ֮ͬټ
ǣ˱Լãڹ磬һʱ֮䣬ҲץסԴ֮©ֻٴξĹʧš
˵ûʹʧȷӣҸղŲѾ˵ڰ֮ӵһΪرʱȻܹ¸ĻֺαضЩʧţ
ںδ֮£տڰ˵ܾģҪǽ㲻ܰ޵ֽΣɫ
ȻѾǰŵǱ൱ģȻȥҲĲһ㣬㲻ɡ
֮ϣФƽĻɳȵ
ƫ̻ǰĵ͵Ȩһӵܶǰտŵһ㡣
һּ沢ûƺҲͬФƽĻʶԼЩ֮ˣɵڨڨסڲ
ֻвɵøˡ
ղ˵òδ֮£˭ҲԤϣ֮ˣҲȫ϶ܹ浽ʱʧܵĻҵȣֺǣңȴ΢΢һЦԵɶִݣ˵֪ǻ
ѧˣֻɫš
ֵߣƾʲô϶ûʸ̫ӵģѵͽƾֻʣʮԪӣִܹһΪ忪֦ɢҶĵкܶ࣬صģҲǵЩ΢ʵΪ己ã˲ŵĹܣֻҪ֮УܹٳλţΪŵӡϡгһգһλ뢣˭ҷҲΪף
㡭˵ƿԣҪŭ´ֻǿһŭóߺ޺Թض
ǲض˵ˣ˵иĵҿڳӵһʾɡʱֹǵۣӵһܣ˵ǿҲˣԴʲô
棬Ҿ˵޵Ӧȡ֮Ϊң˵δ֮þϣȴˣʧ͸ﲻᣬǲɱ粵֮¡
ӵܷ˴Ҳһ䣬δ϶ӱܵĻӵܷҲǸԴʱҹͷͺڣ
Ѿ֮Ȩڳˣߣһվ˳˵
˵Ļŭš
һ㣬ҪҧסŵģֻǿǴ֮Ϊ˳ͷݶȨܱܿĹ磬ʹ֮á
ҲͬһĻ̫ˡ
棬Ҳͬ˵⼸ʿվ˳Щع˽õӵܡ
ɫжΪȡһ£ڰ˲СĹ򣬷ĻЩ۵ϵӵܣױ̬
棬ǲͬ⼸λֵĿΪʦԼǡ
ȻдϾǴĵϵˣνͣ棬ɣеĸһУΪճӣӦͨӵеȨģֻҪûз±Ѽһ಻ˡĹЩ΢ʧݶȨɣ
Ƿʿ˶ڣѹȥʱչȵҲڿ˵ˡ
ǵĻڵ̰ϴһȱڣʱʶʶӵܣҲ׷Ϊ
ЩȻҲԶɽаŵģһЩأȴȷӵܵϵӵܣֵ۵쳣ǳʧرйϣֻҪⷽԳͽˡ
ԣ̫һϲ׸ģϳײ飬ˡ
ڵеӵЩ˵пɵ÷Щ΢ı仯
ʵЩ֮УճһɣռžƵģȻڳǵճӵռ˶Щˣ඼ϵ壬λӵܣ磬Զɽƾˣǵճӳ
ܹ֮λȨأȨҲδؾǸжôãһõĳСʱ˸ĵر޾Դ
㣬ҵѵĻᣬͱ˵ʵҲǲĵģȻĿЦ֮䣬Ҳɵƫ֧ͬ֡
棬ҾãԼеҲֻǵճһٸһλˡʱϣһĬԵ죬ȻȺ˳Ե
ƽϤӵܵҲˣһЩʶ˵ģȴаһ
һأ˵ʲôʱһӵܣҲ׽ˣ
ĻɵͶȥһ΢΢¶һ˿Ī΢Ц
һô˵ΣҪ˵ˣϤ磬Ҳɵóһ
ԭΪڼ֮к޸Լ½ѣҲûԮˣڲ֪ˣҲ£ˡ
飬粻֮䣬Ҳ߿һۡ
ʵߣұ֪һ֮ˣǧһԣؼʱܹҼѣ׳ƣֶֺΪ
˵ľ첻ͬʼնΪʲôҪԼ˵
ԭ򵥵òټ򵥣ǺмϱΪ׬㹻ĲƸſͣչȻҪǮƣһԼôͬʱаѱԼС
첢ûʧֿɰɲæȻ֣ʾѺá
ʱм׽ӵܣȻͻȻ̬Щȴվ˳̲رʾ֧֣ͬĸȻĺɣҲ̬ʾԼֳ֧֡
һ֧һƱÿǰƴˣΪⶫǹѩ򣬱֮ȻԽԽһЩԥӵܣҲԵһߣ֧
һ仯Ȼ΢УмѭģϾ˵Ϊ棬ЩλȨصĵճǵ棬˵ȴûйϵͷʲôô
ָţͨοԺԼЩԽӱˡ
˶ʱɫɷף֮Ⱥ鼤ӿ̬ĳ棬Ǻ
һ⣬ȴǳסˡ
ģǴİû뵽㾹Ȼܹ֣Ķ˶Լݵͬһ£ԭЩ׼Ϸˣˡ棬粻ɵĻϲ˵һΣܹӹһ٣ӹΰ
Ϊʱ磬ʲôҲû˵ءĻɵÿЦһ
ֱʱ涼ǸϣƺΪ˵ıޱϲҲܴпʲô
ʵҲܺ⣬һ£ֻ΢Զݡ
;ܷİɣ˵ܳɣһܳɡͻȻɫ΢еŻ֪˼Ҳڵĵӳʹģǵкˡ
Ŷ΢΢һƺĻһ˿š
ʲôĸţĸţ˶ֻϲŭɫȴƾ賡ƣԤƫ̻һȻֻΪܳ裬ҶʮϤòģ
ô˵֮ûжãƺҲõӵ۹ˣ΢΢̧֣ʾ˰
˼ҲΥ˼ʱͣ
Ǹղ۵ģҲˣȻ֧˸࣬Ǳʹ˾ɡ˵ȴǻһת´һ£ҾͲ׷ˣһҲٴ鱦㾭Ӫƣ¹ʽ΢Ҳرķ֣㵱Ϊ֮
֪ˣл䡣Цһߵл
ȻԸΪǱɵɣҪûҲġٶ˵
ǡȻӦ
£̫ģ˵֮Ѱ֮޸ˣԾƫ̻ǣص󣬾û޵ʵҲû׷ˡ
ɷǳڴʱعȴǰסļ򣬲ٳȥ˵


532 ϣ
Ƕлˡ
´뿪֮磬Զɽ˲ûиԴظڳһ¥һ顣
ϯϣȻصؾһƸʾм
ʱһ£Ѿ䶨ջǵԱӵλ̫֮λҲû䣬Ȼϡ
˰֣ûбҪлңҪлĻлԶɽɣǰ֧֣ƾһҲû취˵
ҵȻ֪ǵøлִԡֻ̾һعˣȴ֪Ǻá֮䣬ЩĻ䡣
д˵ģӹţΪһʿĹȣѰСɱȡ
ڴУС³ŵҲܶ࣬ڸҡСɽ֯ǳӣһǵз˿ƿصģҲвδﵽؾǷ֮ġ
οɷͬÿһᰴչûλÿһӱֵˣһʮ䣬ҲǼΪãԴȡĴʱ⣬Բִ֮֮ûпɿһǳûˡ
̶̼ʮʱ䣬ƿЩҡɵĺһӵܣҲһֱֱһ̴
֮⣬˰ҲǸ취
˴˿̶ˣ䶼Сȼ˵ǻΣʱľʱһδͲԼǸ׸ı⡣
飬ǲɱġ
뵽˴ɵٴγ̾һ֮һȻ󣬳һ
ڵĴǼΪ׿ԶĲ˵˵İɣ䣬Сȭ׳˵ʿʵҲˣһǹȥǸּҲſȻиͶʵҵ£Ҳ֧ңڡ侮ʯֻǹѾǼΪˡ
һߺƾƣһ߶߶˵ЩɥĻ
ǰҷ֮ʱҲû뵽Щֱڲףԭҳӵһӵ֮ܵ⣬ʵʲôҲǣҲһͱʿ٣֮ʣҪٵĥѣҲȳҪࡣ
ȻԸˣڲпʵǰҲɵøе޲ߡ
Ҫ䱻ݶ̫֮λԼڴеȨһ㻹ǲģǱٴҲ޷ˣ޷£ſͣ£ķʿ
˽οԤϡ
޷ҲֻðοҲԷƱͬʿвͬģͨŵܹӵУĲܣҲǿ󼰡
ǰ˵Щû˼ˣڻӵʮԪһЩ»ķ˶ҪֻʲôԹģԪ⵹һ⣬岢ڴɱ֪ƿһеʵҲźԴڣԭĹſֻͣҲ˼ˣЧһʱҪͶҲ԰ġ
룬ٵļѴЩѴԶǣнǣЩ
һĹؼҪ취ָԪֻȴôġ
ĪǧһʧأȻнǧѫȡҲǧҪָԪҲܡ
֮£̸ֻ֮£ͬʱҲĿͶ֮еĿҰϣܹзر
ȵظȴǰȺˣѸܼҽһʣ֪Щġ
ˣƺͷСҲ£񵥣ǲҪռһܼҰһ񵥵ݸ
ӹһǰ벿ִĸɫ֮⣬Ȼöפյö㵤
פյ㵤磬ϵݳƷΪǼȲΪʿԪҲӷΪսĹЧΨһãֻǰŮնѡ
ˣÿһöļֵҲǸߴ൱һϺõ³˷ˣƶʿУ൱ڰʡԼõĻһͱöö֮࣬Ҳʮ򣬾Եֵһƽӹʿı
֮УЩССøӵ鵤֮⣬־µƷ̺ķıȣȵȣпΪޣ԰е滨ݡĶ
ЩƷɾǷ䳣Щһ֧ȣȫһصƷͨǳǴɣʵޱȣַ羰ͼתʶв̽Ȼܹܵһ˿ӡϢȻͨ档
ҲΪ˽֪֮һķǷӡٻ羰ģҲԳһأ˵ĹЧ
ַУȻ棬˿ӰֵΪԴ͸ſֻ߽ͣúˣ͸ǷҲͬǼֵƵķ
ΪЩޣҲѱޣаûѱڳΪޣһ࣬ѱģͳͳΪޣʾ
Ϊһ£һЩͨĺ췲ޣҲһèһɫѾ仯Ůͯһĵ壬ֻȻèβȵˡ
ȻҲǿԴ͸õսĶҲųʿУЩʿãĴЩ壬ΪսֻΪΪôȴǲΪ˵Ҳ
һѶֵƣôҲСҪ˵ҲȷˣΪѵõǣлвٶ޵ģȻŪ˹İ
һ񵥣룬ʵ˿Աţ
˵ˣԳǴӵˣǰġܼҵ
𣿶ҾˡЦЦ˵
أˣǼǲܼΪԥһ
˿
ܼ΢漴ͷˣߡ
ȥɡ˻֣˵
ܼ˳ȥ˽ȥˡ
񵥣ȥԺ
ʦܣղŲǸˣ񵥣ʱ˵ô£Цʵ
ڲ뵽Ѿ̫ˣңʲô£Ҳ˵ԼתͶԣɴ಻Ϊá͵
㻹񣬲±Թ𣿡ҿЩƷͦصģضǷһĻ޶
òô룡ںôҲһλλӵˣʧƣȻǧ˲̤裬ûʧƣԹޣҺΣǿ͸ֻ˵ҿЩкܶ඼ͽˡ
Ǻðɡ룬Ҳ˵ӹ񵥣׼һ
صԺǹעһ¶״̬Ϣƽȣûκ촦֮ҲģԪԼľ硣
ʱҲոսΪԲ鱦׼˼ԭԶ֮ɵʿ޸֮󣬻ָһ˿ԪŬ֮µԽǹ̳ɹ֮ʱ
ʱգضܹΪһɿĶر
Ŵ֮дĳԪԼϢֳһ˿ص΢Ц
ΧĪǧһУȻ˶ʧأõ鱦ҲȥʵҲ˵˵ģΪõĪǧһ˿񣬽׾Բľ磬ԭͨ鱦νһµ̨ס
һȻͬܵͨڵֵƳƷԣһͨĵֿԶһǿᣬңʿӵ֮󣬶մȾϴϢ֮ܿ⣬ĺ
ףƾ˱һ״̬Ϊʶ̽Զֻĸ߿շУҪ̽ɳż档
ȻǽˣҲֲ֮֮ĺôַ֣Եõ֮øʻӾ߱ˣƺ̺֮һ˿ϢȾʹ֮ǣת
ⲻײ춦еԭʼԪǻۣɾгһգܹȹ׽٣Ϊ
ôһ죬ӵеܣʧȴԭʵȷܹȵģϵĵܹʿӳȵ뢵ʵ
׵ʱһ֮ۡУعҲһֶԲߡ
ȥȴ˶ûмһ£
˵عⲻɵӹһ˿âЩ˵
ôع֣ǲǰۣ֮Ĩӣǲǣ㲻ֱ˻أŲŶ԰һ˿ɻ󣬶ع˵
ȥҪȡһЩϵȴû뵽ķӦ֮Ź֡
Ӧòعü˼һͻȻˣ
ô΢΢һ
ͲĨӣǣͲǣĻӦҲ֮ع˵¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫΪź˵
ʲô˿ǣԣһ£ϸٶƺʾʾöһЩ˼ֱӸߣȫع˼˼
ʱоԼӱݺݴˣôҲһʵӵܣȻһӡ
ҧҧպޣһƬ죬ǰǿʶɿӵһ𷴶ǣʾãıʱ˵ľٶҡֱ̫ˣ
Ҳûа취£Ҳ֪ײʲôˣȻڼǰһ֮з磬ϱ˼壬Ϊʹƽʱ֮⣬ܣӵͨĸ߼ɹʹµͨʿʮ֮࣬ȻſͲֵһᣬֻʮˣʤҵˡ
ĻһʿЦţһЩϸ
ڳкЩǳ粻õʿϢɵñ㰵ľһ¡
ʮͨʿ
ֻͨͨʿҲˣʮУ߼ʵȲ˵ֻսľʿսԱͬ׸һ˵˺ӵһĺϻ󷨣ܹӵսԶԶЩֻ黭չͨµЩֻ¼˼Ҷ֡
ǰµĲҲʵ̫ǿһЩȻǿǵġ
ߣֻˣҲжѶԸСӽܳţҲΪգ֮⣬˭Ҫ׶൱ںԣ
֪Щϸ֮ʱҪϸ֪˱ѾԶ϶Լˣֵ³˿ֻԩûеطȥ


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ԸѴɫҲɵЩѿƽûȥ뵹Ҳˣڲ֪ԼһȺˣƺûа취
ˣڲʱҵҪ֪ôģƺǸоЩ־Լ磬ɵòһֱ֪ôȻѾ䵽أȨƲš
ҵһơĻһʿ˵
Ŷ
ȱıǮֱضĴرͼ˴԰ﵽľ֣㷭ǲڴ˴֣跨ǣȻ㡭
˵ѹ˵ļƻ
չΪףֹһӣĿһ£ƺҲ𽥿ʼüĿ
һʱеʿӣвǴּҸ
ԭûҹĪ䡡ʱЩӵܱڸ·;ˣһ뽩ǲľ棬ǱضţȻԴΪƾسǳء
հԶѾźһУԽԽʿ˵أҲȷ˿֮ˡ
뵽˴ҲЩˡ
һ£ʼģ£˰׼ңɵȵʵƿһɣûбҪٱˡ
ǣҲûձչ˵ȥΪٸ׼һ
ڼ䣬Ҳ˳ҰΣòٲϵλҲѳ׽пжһеĵرˡ
ǵΪʦÿһ궼ǼҲ̵ǣϵţŽٺ»Լʹͣ˳һڻҰеջ
ͬʱҲиһ飬ǰϵҲţ׼Ǻһˣɱħʵо
ԴӶľ֮춦еԭʼԪݽߣ޲ĽҲ֮
Ϊû˶ڷ춦еһЩơ޷Ρ
ϴβҴ֮£ҪǺһüĿˡ
һգǸһϲּ顣
ʲôĻ᣿ĻЩ⾪ϲ
ǰǺ̽ħɵĶ򡣡һЩϢħУƺԼ֪ĴڣƺҪرǰǺеǵıؾ֮أ˼һЩӵǰ̽ǵĶ취ֹǵĵ
ħУҴǵ⡣Ϣ˼
ʵ֮ǰңħħɣ֪ˣʱҲ޷ȷȷеĽŴڣ֪ľˣǲͷǰҪ֪һЩõϢЩû뵽ͷӾȻȫûƽױˡ
ʱĳţЩ֪ܵɣڰ಻סˣСϢֱָһֱǲתо󲿷Ǳ㻳ɣǼġ
ʱɹңѾƿضţڴ˽еĴҲɣĲ˵ǸԳеĻǴ󣬱ԶԶ֮ǰǼϴջġ
ǣԷҲʱһ㣬ߵ뢵ķһ򣬵ʿǺΧҲԹơ
ңʿҲǰ򣬳ʿضƾ޷ʶ̽Զ޷ڸ߿еȵĻЩд仨ˮ
ҲôʧأֻǿԼг̡
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ǵȻ²ʵȫʸ񡣡Ц
Ȼˣ鷳ˡ˵
׼һˣ
ƺǴ֪Ҫ뿪ϢҲǺܸȤ
Ҳȡ񣬵ʱδܹͬ·ڱҪ֮ʱҲԻӦ
ʱ˵һЩģȻʧԪϾձ󣬱һλλӵܣµʿҲΪס̫֮λʱδȥˣʵδ͹ȡ
˵ͷҲµó˼ʱȡţԼǺڶħȥͬΪ˽ҵ࿴
ε˵ҲɣֻҪΪ̽һ˽ǺʿԣһΪȴ´󹤷̽ɣпʿս˵֪鱨
ҲûȰٲƴһѣ¾ûлˡ
Լ֮Ϊ˴£ûмգǱ֪Լ˳ȡ񣬻׼ˡ
Ҳͨ죬ӵܣֻҪлܹ
׼һ׼뿪š
ٵգֱϵ˸
ʱ÷ŮȻҲˣȴ࿼ǵΪֱ֮𣬶ǲá
ӣ
һμˣϵ˲ɵЩԾôҲ벻ֱ𲻵һʱȻѾͻƿﵽ񾳡
ӣѾﵽ龳ˣ
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ϵ˵֮΢΢һЦȴǷһ˿Ź֡
ԼǲţȻ֪ʵƽӹ춦ΪĸǸ֮ýԪıܹԼٶ𣬶ʵϣȫ˵£жôڡ
ʴˣû˿ͷıĸоǫˡ
Ҳ֪ʿﵽ龳֮ǱѾ꣬Ҳһ֮Ϊ֮
ӣֱҪ̫࣬磬һʿʮǰ𵤾磬˺䣬̥۷壬ȴʼ̤Ƹһؿڣﵽ񾳣ֱҲδ࣬Ҫ˵̤Īͨˡ
ֱʱ֪ԼǱʣ٣˵ķӦӦﵽľ磬˵һ˿Բϣɳš
λǰһ磬Ϊǽӷϴת֮䣬ȴЦݣϵǰһ
ϵȻԣȻӦʡ
־һʱյ׼ھˣʱϵѾе֪Ĵ㣬֪׼˽ˣ˳Ǻдɱħ׬һĵرˡ
⵹ǲ㹻ĸ֣ȫԷͷжβˡ
ǵ³Լ֮⣬Ҳûзԣֻǵ˾ͲҪٴȥˣгЩΣգԾΪϡ
ԼǣҲ㡣
֮⣬ҲûʲôҪˣƺһֿɱȺħֶΣǴУҪעʿĶ򣬵ǲ屻ȺħΧ
ǰɱħĳԵظп
ڣ˳֮ʱЯȴwһӵǰͣҲûʲôֻǶ˼ౣصĻͬʱ鵤ɣı⡣
òЩҲһһ£Եл
ʦ֣Ҫ治ҵһһǰǺ֪ܹȥɸеĽ
ͻ˰ɣʱǺƸӣԶǰңҲǰ̽ƵģֲɽˮǸȥʲôĻЦ
֮бǱһҲвջģܵõһЩԶž޵Ĳл꣬ķûбҪĽˡ֪˼ЦŰοһ䡣
ת÷Ůʦ㣬úñء
ʦܣҲҪչ˺Լӹһ˿ᣬ˵
ʱȴͻȻ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫ˿ߵ÷Ůֿ˿һ¶Ƶģĵ˵һһҪ㣬ͿҪΪ˸ˡ
ʲôɵһ¡
漴ȴ޸ӵһӿԼҲ֪ʲôζ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻ֮ǰôһϢ
³ҷ÷˵ѪƺЩԣԼѧΪ֣ǾȻˣʱ㻹Ϊ׼Ҳûü㡣͵
һʱգŮӶŽǿǵʿ뷲ֱ̫ͬá
ȻǾŮޣΪʿѪʢԪʱжпܣŮ֮һֱûжҲΪʣһЩҶķ֮£ǻˡ
뵽ԼܿҪΪ˸һ¾ŮУҲЩȻ
ˣϢ磬ϵҲ΢һ£漴ȫ¶ϲɫԵΪ
Ȼ˶ǺͬһӵܣǶҳҲǹˣȻʱĸ顣
ϵһĹǵ˺ǰ;ճӴлûʲôֻã֦ɢҶǽٵĸҪһֱûã಻ãһҲǷ꣬˥ϣܿҲͷⲻ١
ߣЩʿƽ̽Ĺ֮Уֻභпһӡ
Ȼ˿÷Уֻӳλӵʺǰ;ΣҲϾǿһͷúõĻʮһпɿĸ֣ûԵΪƿߣҲǳְġ
άϵһĸ
кˣһϲ£ø˲ŶԣôڳôһˬʵļЦ˵
ҲͨˣɵÿЦһҡҡͷ÷Ů֮ʱȴҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ûʱŮ鳤ֻǶʦ㣬չ˺ǡ
֪лû㹻ѾߣЩչи͸ҲҪΪԺϣеķҲ࣬ԸзʿġȻЩ΢ᣬҲ֪ϲ壬ܻΪе˵ģԼݣҲչ˺ǣ˵ͷ
Ļҽھ֮ڸϻء
Ϊһ£ҩʦ֮ԶȷҽҪ̥𽥳ֳּ֮ϵóԣ÷ʼҲնѣ಻ᳬ£ŸڸϻصĻü
÷ԣɵ¶һ˿ϲɫҲ仰Уܵһ˿֮⡣
ӣҲԼõĳ
˸һעƣбʣʱ֪ͨԼ֮˱ˣһΣֱӱӽͨ뿪ŲƵǺеһĵ


534 £
ҹˮһƬڡ
ãã֮Уȥһľ󣬲ʱԿһЩ·½޴յƯ֮С
һЩԶ֮ǳɢ΢ĹâĶһĵɽ磬ЩǳĶ֮ңûǬŲƵֶͨΣֶͨηУҲܸϵ
Ǳ֮ϵٻһ¥֮ϣܵؼٷţȻ˵ôȣΪ޵ʬᾫԻָ춦еĻۣҲԸ⽫ʱ˷;ϡ
Ǻ󣬵ȴãͬʱյ֮ľҲǳ֮һңԶ˻ǺܿԼĿĵؽӽš
·֮ʱ¿һٴθԪȴ˽Ȼͬĸйۡ
ǰǺֻһ𵤾ʿǸʱû޳ʵε꣬Ӳܸ֮ܵӿϢΪҲ֮ķ򣬵ǿʼЩˡ
ʵʿתΪԪ֮תΪķʹֻ龳ʿ޵ͨȻͬӦ֮
ϳ˾ֳϵıԪϵı
ҲããبеķУ֮һָ֣Ŀռ䡣
һ龳ϣʿʦͨգǬֵȵȼΪͨͺǳӥѧ裬ɳһ̶ȱ㶮νһ㣬ǳȻһ˿һǿ
ʱҲܵˣҪӦգһ׵飬ԴҪʱʱѪ⾫ԪвʱиΣա
ʿĵһҴϵ˱ʿıƽ̥ʱ붨ҲˣͺСˮӾеΣռԺԲƣϣ̫飬ȴǵ̥Ա⡣
ձӿȵĴ󺣣ʱпгֿ籩꣬κˡԶźޣ޾ħ֣ǵʿܹȥģ
ʱѾԼĥµüޱȣӦ֮ʱСعͨŵ壬һκη紵ݶع塣
Ѿα֮еţ޷붨״̬֮Ҳһ˿𣬺춦лһЩԭʼԪ˻֮󣬵Ǻܿ޸Щ΢ˡ
ϵȻޱȣȻ֪ŵţȴʼպ޽չ
֮Уһδ붨оѣüа̾
ָоЩոϢһɱת֮ʱ֪Ĵڣȴ֪ȥãԼ׳
ʱ춦Զ߻ԪϢܿˣ񣬵еԪѾ޷ٶ棬Ψвϵ;
ʿ龳Ժ󣬽Ȼ࣬ʿʵйҶͨøӴ죬ͬʱʶǿֶα࣬Ǳǿ˼֡
аһöɵοս飬תƣŲ磬ա
һֿûκγ֮ʵϣڿʼ֮Էٳһ΢С֮Сǧ磬ԶܳǬҲȷǿʼˡ
Ϥһ֮һͨͨԪйͨԼ״һĶȻԵرøΪͨ
֮е˲٣ת֮ٳ΢С磬ҲҪķǳķģʿֱӴмȡԪһ̶ϰѶԪ֮ණˡ
ȡԪʣ޼ԭʼԪָ״̬뿪䣬˳ȥ
ڵʲôطˣ
ǰǺϺ֮⣬˭Ҳûдˣϵ֮ո߳˻ϣ˿̻ڴ׹󣬹ʶʵ
һ򣬿һ
֪̫ϤķֲΧˣһԭŸңɹڵһƬģΪֽ磬ţŵȵŴɣһ㶼ֲԶħֲ
Ǻһڻԭ˹Ͻĵش֮ΣأһֱҲܹȫƿˣһֱڻ֮С
˿̣ڵ⴦طȴǿħɵƿطΧҪӦԭеħ֮⣬пֵܳħʿҲҪעġ
ҪΪ̽ƣǷע⵽ˣûбҪĻǾħʿͻΪá˵һ
ģǴ֮˵ʵʿǶ֣ʿҲĬܿġЦ
ô˵ʱҲˣħʿΣҪҪɱħ̫֦
ţ񣬶ֻ˳ѡ
ǰʮﴦӦһΪᰵĵ죬Ǵط۾ŲٵĴΪգʿԸǰӦ÷Ϲ룬ұѰ·ߣ׼ǰٶ˵
ϴǰ޵һ㣬ҲҪҵһԼԵĵطӿ춦
ͻˡ˵
¥϶ȹʱ䣬ڴϾ龳ϵĸ֣ٶȴӿ죬ʮľ룬Ȼ֮ϵˣֻͬķ˲ڴ߶
ԶԶ㿴һڰɫ֮У·ɾһĵ죬˵ΪᰣǺмΪͨȴҲһӵڶ̾Ĵ󵺣ʿ˴Ƕӵ²ͬǰ
ʱɱħо飬ǵ֮¥Ҳû̶֣ڵһΪֱ˶ָȫ״̬֮ţſʼС
ϣϣϣϣλʿӦҪ󣬷ֱϲͬ򣬶ӵǵ֮Ŀľɭֿʼһ·ȥ
ʱһּΪħĴڣȴϴεһ㣬ħõĶ
ֻԶڵƬƣħͬڵ˴֮ʱɱսӦϢǲѹƣޱȿȣһֻ뽫ΪУԼԽ׽˴ʱûȴ̺żΪѪԪƷһƳϵѪԪ󵤡
˵ѪԪ󵤣̺ģ඼ϴδɱĴħʬģȻԶԶȲƷףȴȻͨħٽףΪΪ۵á
Ȼƴ˵֮ʱûϸѪԪ󵤵ĵУħҪ̳֮ԣǽ׻޷лҶǿ˵ȴԿ֮Уǻ۲ߵħ޷ֿ
ϵ£ɢڵϸʱܿӦܵԪرûƺħ
Σͺԭƽ޲ĺ棬ͻȻ֮䣬ζѪѼȺ
ħʼˡ׼΢΢һЦߵԸҲȥɡ
ܿȥҪ񣬾յ⼸طħͬѪԪΪЩǻ۵µħǰ
飬Ҳһ죬ЧˣûʱǰԶɽħȺϺ˱㶼ǸɽҰĸ
ɫ䣬ƣֱӱǻʬ£ԲʮķΧԷٿһ㣬·±ꡣ
ʬ͵Ĵ߻֮£ҵҲһ˲䴫ɽҰضʱ˻֮С
ʵܹ˶ԸħȫҵԱ츳ƣֻǿмȡȻֻ֮طƻȻɣпΪܻǿӰ쵽ķתɡ
һɽҰĴޣڻ֮ˣæ춦ĴɢľͬʱҲܣЩδεʬ붦ӰС
һΣٻ˸ʬħ֮ʱȻɢľԪȡȴΪߣûʱ;֮ྫԵʣԼ߶춦еķֻҪռ̫ʱ䣬ʱҲԷġ
ӣһУʵ̫ˡ
˸ɴرڶħϵˣҲɵٴθеޱȡ
Ƕ벻ͨƾ粻ߣȴԲʿһ㣬ޱߵĸоһͨʿ϶Ϊ£οӵŲٿغҵ
ܹͷħд󲿷ֶǺ쾳ޣҲͷĴڣƺͬһȺ
Ѿ󲿷ʬֻʣһЩɢͨޣ֮ϵ˵
ӸղŵȷһȺϵޣѾڣʼӵһԡ˵ͷ
ԹӵļƻֻкôûлɣǿԸɱħҲĴѰˡϸ̾
˭ӵкһͨмԴԴķԺɨյˡ
ħԣ岻
Ǽȡһںɨ룬ĵرͲҪˡ
ʵ˻ɱħ֮ЩħصľȡյأѾͨ;ױܰѲĵرѳҪҵЩȻҪѲ̵ʱ䣬Ϊ˰ȫҲûд̫ಿֻʹЩˡ
ϵ˲ôҪЩ֮ĻҲû̫ʹϧ˼ǲЩܿ죬˱ٴ̤г̣ȥˡ
һΣǳ׺ˣҲְ취Ƿڶǿע⣬ɴ˳ɽһ·ɱ˹ȥ춦УѽӽݽߵľҲ
ƾ˱һϵʼоһɾתΪԭʼԪȻ˳ŶдռȥΪգֻûжЩתٶȻǼ
ҲֻǵЩǵϴʵ̫󣬼㻽Ѷ֮ҲҪΪɳһ׼ʱ㡣
ڻɱ¾ħΪһһǿʬ棬ֻ֮󣬽֮
ţǰƺһЩ쳣Ϣѵ֮⣬ĵϻʿڣ
ֹ죬˲ظħɱȡһַǳֲٶȣɨС죬һǵħɱ
𽥽ӽв֮ʱȴͻȻӦһЩͬѰϢ
ȷʿģϢħӵУ
ΪӦһ϶ض˵
ӣΣƺħȺУħסˡ
شЩϣ룬ҲȻˣطǻĵԼҪ֮⣬Ҳǿģ˭Ҳ˭
ǹȥһ˿棬˵


535 ɢ
ȵ˸ϵ֮ʱȻϣӦҴһȺʿħսţ˵սҲǡΪȺ˴룬ۼűҪɽҰħû档
֮Уȫƾ֧ţһֵʿִۣһ棬ҷɣֹ֮䣬Լһɷ֮ӿȻԼ׹Ϣÿÿħɽڳ룬һаʹȥһЩΪµһءشвֱ
һλߣһֻɫľ޴«ִһѿߣЩħţʩֶβһֱͨϣһưзɳȻ«֮С
˻ս֮ȴ඼ֻ³ΪﲻʲôæҲ˵֧ŶбţۼűҪ֧ħûˡ
Χȵħ඼һصĵͽ״дﵽصģҲʿһ㣬շ仯ʴˣʵһ壬ʿʼʱǿˣؿʼˣȫƾǿᣬԪȡʤʿϵﵽֱܹ֮ͨӴ֮мȡԪ츳û˿ȡ֮ˡ
Ȼﵽϵ壬ҲҵѽΪۣǻ༸£ټԪ㳤ȫԲʿȡ̣ʱ򣬳֮⣬Ѿû֣֮ȫƾԻԵ
ħʵձڴʿΪħ˻ħϮ񣬼ȡԪǱܣԣ辭ܣˣ֮Ķ֮ȱ澫ı仯
ħĹ֮䣬ֱӣǿΪԣ޷Ǳצ֮ͽǿᣬҲԣˣͽӵܶԸħΪԿһﵽϣǸ߾磬Թˡ
һֻľͰμʵܣֻҪһľȱװˮҲֻбԶװһЩħȴǻȥбֲˡ
˴ʱ㿴ֵܹʿĳȥԸħĶ̴ȻΪֻڽ𵤾£Ҳ԰ѴȺɱ仨ˮˣΧ㻢ļͷƺ³˴Ϣ֮ȫʢ˥١
ܹԸͬħȴԸȺΧֻһ۱㿴˵ľ֮³ʿ̫࣬ûã׸
Щ˻ˣҲǣס˱ħȺȥʿţǵͬлһԪ̥ʿķĴƺˣѪ١ĿɨЩʿ󷽣ͻȻַս֮һЩϸ֮
ĿʱһըĻڿȥȻֻʯѻѹŵĵطԼͷξ޴һͷصľޡ
ħȺȻѭһɣȴԶɢˣͬһȺͬʱͷҲпܣʿȻǺƴ˸ܾˣҲĳ֣Ӫ֧ŵľ棬ˣ˶Ǽͷˡ
ʱԪ̥ʿ˫Ŀڼʯһֳ˫ĽŮغԡ
֧Ų˶ˣսʿֻʿⱻŵħҲǧͷϡϿʵӣҪҪǣ
дһʣȴΪ֪Է˶ԷȴֶԷ飬ǵг鷳Ǳˡ
Ϊ˼ǰɣСʿѣ¡
˵֮䣬ʿնɱʮͷͬʱҲһͨʿ⧲һͷͷϣݺݵҧڲϣʩչѪı죬Ѫ޳¡𣬷Ķţ·ҪѪҺлȥͬʱѪ⾹͵ؿή˥ʬ
أ
ͷһҧͷ­Ҳ£΢΢˫ſͦ쳤һ˲ٳøߴһأҲΪǿᣬʳԷѪ⾫Ԫء
һħͬγ˵ĳ̶ȻǷǳͣЩֻͣһ˿ζľޣǺ̫ࡣ
ѣ

ͨͬ󾪣һ£ڿֵħŮޣǱ߽ӣֽǹͷȥֻµöһıҲֻڹͷϴ̳һ׵㣬㻬һߡ
ŮʧƣڵأмͷһصĴȻħ̤˹ޱȵ¡
תۼ䣬Ů޾ͱ˺ķѣֱͨԪĻᶼûС
ϵԥ˷Ȼ٣ʱһǿƥķɽȣԲﶼ
֮һʶ£紺أת֮㸲ǵÿһƴֵʿϣǷ
дҪʳЩˣħ͵ײ˵ֵħʱµļ׷󣬱ҪӵϣʱͻȻһɺص͵һ죬ɵľ޴޻ɵ¡
䣡
ղŻɼ鷳㽫ȫɱĴȺħʱʧˡ
ɽȺȻЩʿǶȿȥȻɼһֻ޴ӡǸղſսɽͷͬ򵥲õзȥѪһأȫӡ
򵥵һƣȴ̺ʮھϵľΪ֮ͨһѴǧ֮ˣͨħʣ޴ӳܣķѪ֮еÿһ˿϶д͸ȥɱΣЩ㱻ҳ⽴һָܻħҲ޴ӻָ
ɽȴһ֮󣬶ʱһƬ״ţ漴һЩ©ħһŭŷһķȥ
һ˿⣬һٴ̧ƣȻһִ׹Żһеĵȥȫħ⣬ȫһ֮±˽̿
⡭
ʿ̺ߣԪ̥ʿǵͬ飬ȫסˡ
һЩ˲ȻԼһ˿ִٺͲǰ
лǰ
˶ǳҾףЩ㷲˼
ʵϾԮҲ㼰ʱ˵֮䣬Ҳͬ飬ȴҼƽЩбȸмǾ̺;η
ƺҲףһƾܴﵽ˿ֲЧģǸͬһεʿ
ض񡣡
Щŵӣ洫һҲô⣬ǰַ緶
ɵĵӣȻطȻħôǿᣬҲǿ׶Ըġ
Ա㲻ЦԼһŪȫûħλǰҲȷǲôǿᡣ
Ԫ̥ʿվ˳ýǰ֪ɣĴ֮ʱʶɢޣǺħ࣬Ϊıƣɱȴû뵽Ⱥע⣬ڴˡ
ƺҲ˵һЩͽʿΪȡϧվԭˡʿĽͣһ̾Ϣ
ʵվħ֣ǺȻҲգԱҲ̫ˣһ㣬ħǽܿԪǿнޣȫǿԣƴȻֿԣܹȡȴַ׶Ըöࡣ
Уרʿоħϰԣרһоħֵģ磬һ˫ͨޱȣ׿ʿħԷӡǿ⣬ս֮ʣֱӷϵħռһԶԸЩǿᣬǹģʴһ๥
ҪֻҪϸЩʿлյأȡģҪոʬЩֵܲǮͨʿ˵°һͷͨħļƤëƳƷĲϣֻǰƤǣȡȫá
ɱһͷͨħɵðٶö룬ɱһͷħɴǧƣɱһͷпܴﵽһ
֪ͨʿԣһʶô롣ȻЩʿƽڼұչǱޣöҲ̫󣬶ҪվҪһЩ׼÷ҲҪһЩǮˣܵĶԣֻҪһȥƴܻڻ
ǵӣƺҲȷˡʲô֣΢΢ͷ˵
Ԫ̥΢΢һע⵽֮УԼΪףղλ־ԼͬǰҲԡ
ٿߵЩˣȲĪ⣬ȻǼ
ˣԹ󲻿ԣЩǰ˵ӵܡ
Ԫ̥ʿȻҲǼɫæ΢ͷλӣҽ޻
޻΢΢ͷٿ΢ʿ̺ߣأ
껡
ƽ
ֵʿ̺ߣȻҲǾæԱԼ
ЩεվȤҲǷ˸ӵļӣԽǷԽ˿ģΪҲǳֻƾղλǰչ¶һ֣ҲԽһȺȫɱˣǲҪΪá
ڴ˵Ҫ£ݲˣ£Ǿ뵺صȫȥɡǵȴûģֻǿһۡ
΢ЦҡҡͷȻЩ˸ոԱʱƾΪһǵû⣬Щ˵ȷֻͨɢޡ
ȡȵȡҪ£ٹǣ޻Ҳɵô󼱣æڴ˵ش࣬ǽӽɽˮĵزһαħΧǼȫûӰڴ˵أȺİΧ֮У·һӴȱΪһȥɡ
ȻûиͣȴϣϵˣЩ콵ľܹ˳־һѡ
룬Ҳϴϣô
ǣҲ޷οǴûдǰЩ飬Щ˴ͣƺҲϴһ˿Ц⣬
ʱȻ˵ҲЩȻˣұףһɡ
⻰˲صˣʱ·𿴵˻ŴȺ֮ȥϣ
ڻͬʬҪ£˱ɽͣ˳˰»ǣȴǺ˸ղһؿţˮҪȴҲ޿κΡ
ʮö֮࣬ǻƽʱõЩÿ˶ٷֵǧöϣΪͬȥʣµйˣϽЩߣҲ޿κΡ
ܸܲλǰ棬˵֮УҲһЩɱģӦһЩǰɣ
ЩССʮöʲôۺ
ƺҲǸоЩȵ񣬻ϲɵûعͷΪ˼㶮ȺֹŹɫĺ塣
Աʱǵһ֧ðյĶ飬ΪԮǶ˲أɣЩҺʵҲ̻ͽ𱨣Ϊͨʿа취÷ЩҲֻйԹ׷һ·ˡ


536 ķ
ǰλӾǺηʥ
ЩΣ޻ɵøɿһʰоֵĻ̵
˿̵ЩƤϣҲС֮ʵݵĺôЩƤ㲻ʲôˡ
ȺĪǰûʿֿԣԼǰƨǡ
ͱˣ˵벻ҪЩЦЦʮöǰ
ǰ˵ЦˣЩġ޻ǿŲȥһĭ˵
ϻ˰˱ӵĵ£н˵ˣҪʲôʲôҪ̽ʣҲҪ͵ˣȻǵĺôˣܴһı˵ĴԵ֪ûУûԴֺֻ̽һ仰Ȼ뿪ķ׷ȥˡ
ԭֻ޻ˣȻ
ǰ⻰ʲô˼һͨɢؿͬ顣
ҲܹһЩλĹˣҲǲΪ£ָ©һǰ㣬Թһˣ
Ⱥ˽۵ʱǰɽ֣編ƣħ
һбħķҲ˵ǼЧȻ۾ĴڶСĽûбѪһֵܹסʳѪõջ󣬷׷׷ӵ
ܿ죬޻˱һĻ澰ֻһ뿪֮󲻾ãִܿ˷أֻǺѾ˳ǧħЩħܹ˿Ƶٶȣ඼ΪﵽϣĴڡ
ôħ⵽Ҫʲô˷շӿյĿ¹Ӱ޻˼ŵû⣬ǷŻϴͨǣϺҲǿ͸Īӣֻ´ʱĶˡ
Щ˾ĪʱȴǸʩͨųеħɱĻ裬һ죬ҫĽ
еһʱһƬ֮¡
ʵ΢꣬ûпɽȣµһ֮ȼֱӱ㱻Ϊҽһ˿Ҳûʣ£ıһصĴȼŻ棬˿˿Գ޷Ĺطʽϵ춦С
޻˺ȻЩƲǶûһӿֵĿ¸£ȴǸǴ˼ΣյĸӦǶһֱǾԼⳡ֮У̾Ҫյξ
޻˿˺ݱܣΪ˲ûвٿŻϮǣЩħȴΪᣬ޴ѣܿһ֮з׷ɥڹС
ʮϢ֮󣬹бҲûܹħˣЩԽ޻˳ԸĨٴεħǰһ˿ѵĻᶼûУȫǱɱľ
һУ˱һ΢С£ʼ£Щħʬס
Ÿʲô޻˿÷֮ʱϵ˹õʬǾһ
޻һ£ŷӦԭϲ֮ǰ˵ģָǰŸЩħʬ
֮ܿ޻˸ţĴѰħɱ
޻ȻΪߣԸͨħҪһ㽫ȫûˣֻҪħȺгһͷ塢صģδ޻޷Ը껺͸ƽˣҲԱѣ˸޷֤ȫֻǰʬĻǶȴǸԷˮһ򵥡
ʿˣǿ̫ˣЩħ׶ȥ֮Ҳһ߾߱ʬѣѲǡ
ΨһЩǵǣȥ֮һɿʧǲܼʱ£춦һУ̶գǺ޼ֵ飬̺ľۿۡ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ÿǴѪĴħ֮ʱ޻˸·ʱ̣רеౣǣ·ɢħ⣬ڱҪʱҲԴٶȸ·
һ˺޼䣬һֲּЧʣɿոŵħ
⼸ʱ޻˱ǻһ㡣
ǲĴ·ʬÿÿһִ֮Ͻʬ֮жһʬ
ЩʬȻҵջ٣״ȴ˷ִ磬඼ڣֵҲǧ֮䡣
ֻһöҲֵ౼׬
һ֮ǰľ֮һ棬ļලտټĿ󷽣Ҳǣ޻˼ֱȫͶ룬ޱȾĵذ飬ɿ콫ԼľͷĹ⣬ƣҲȻǸ֮£·Զ֪ƣһ㡣
ʵϣ֧ŲסҲȻҧҧؼţΪ⼸ÿһ˱һöջƽ֣ÿҲԷֵö൱һͨ³ʿŵſͣһµٺɱ¾ħ죬һҲܰʮϣ൱һ
ʱиˣԺֻᣬֱǳ롣
ǽٸһ£½ʮڣǶΪĴߣǿԾǱĿޣһıˣ
ڲҪ˵ǰʬֱǶԸȺħ¶پ¡
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о˵ĸɾ˲һЦ֮
ӣ㻹׵ĻһЩǰɣȲ˷ҲԸõΪʬЩ˷ֵⷱ£ǿʡȥǲٹ򡣡Ͻ
׵ҵǻһЩȻˣͷָǰɡҲûһ鵤ַȥ
޻˵õ鵤ϲ˵̺һ˿֮Ѿ޳ʿԽ˹Ϊû޳ʿҲԽ˸򾳽磬źܴ档
ʱԽԽоԼײˡ
֪У˵ᰵһˣһʱɱ춦еʬٻָһΪɹ۵ΪЧʣϧҵʬƽɥʧʤ㣬Ҳ㹻ԭʼԪˡ
˿̣˶춦ߣ˰Щʬ֮⣬һУֱԿ
ֻʱҲ֣ԼǰʬͣҲĴˡ
ȻЩźԴʵҲ׼ϾʬǴʬ޾ģЩʹãڻӻǰϱ
ʱ򣬶Ҫٴţжڶаյʬȫսսϵؼȥ
ԼȻҲǿԷ飬δ磬֮ȻޣҲԶԴﵽ붡һЧʣټ춦δ޸ԪֻصĵزеԪתֻ֧ƽ裬вսս
Ҫһʱ䣬ܰεջˣʬҴ߶ҵҪȼϣûһȻǿ÷棬δҲ̫ˣ
뵽˴ҲɵЩΣʱķȻҲ˵ۺ񣬵ޱ޼ʻзǳ޴Ĳ࣬춦ָõĳ̶ʱ
ʱһ¼ˣλǰ̽ħʿһ£Ƕġ
齻ȥϾḻǺҲȽϤӦɡ
ȻΪ߻һλǰš
ᰵϵЩҲ㹻ˣûϸԼǷֳ˸ԼᣬȨ⣬ҡ˸ϵˡ
ȴ֪֪֮ԼʵǳϤֹԣȻҪһλḻǰҪΪɱħмֱͨ㹻
İɹӣտţ㾡Լ˽ȥµǻɵġ
䣬ᰵıԵ϶˵һŰȥˡ
Ҳ߰ɡ
뿪ջĿ⡣
ǵѡᰵʵҲǿħڸյļ϶֮һЩΪУһӪأרʿ֮ãǿԵЩط̽һͬʱ跨ʬͣһЩһɢްæ
ϵ˵ŷֵ֮Ĳãٳһ¥׼ǰᰵһط
ȻûϸʹҲſóɱЩħôҾûرôҲһ׬Ǯ֮£Ӫа
ǺȻҲзУʱȤ飬ǰûи߹
ʵֻǼ򵥵Ӫضѣңλûǹ̶ģֻһƬѲΣʱʿǰѡϽһ
ԭʿȻǳף֮Ҳ벻ʳΪͬҪĵر鵤ãŸָˣһķӦ˶
ʱ򣬷ǼλϽʿӵڹ̶ʱһЩ֮ЩױƵиʿУȻҲȡһԽԽĵر֡
ǺΣķ̺ž˲ƸĵطʿͷиָĵرȻר̻ǰæУԴӪ
һӵׯ԰ġǡѾչԵֵӴħŽĹ̶ǳأɢޡСûǿʵҲֻ˶ΣһЩ¥зܿΣգһʿӪضûɢ޻ӭڵǰףһЩħĵҲܹ֮
ɢеĸڡ
ӣʩչҵҪõʬͣǿڷ϶һȻõǺеǰðյʿֻҪͼͻд˰ȥ
Լħźǿҵɿ̻һԣԽǴ͵̻ᣬԽãΪǶҪ⣬ҲԸԼƣһЩС̻ʱɢޣûб֤һССͨʿҲпƭ龳֡ǲΪɹһΣ׬ȡһĲƸΪ˶ɥҲֵˡ
ϸЩʱ޻˸պþһţԴΡҲע⵽һЩΪµʿ֮ͬɫȻҲ֮ͬĻᣬҪġ
Ҳûᣬֻаţ˻˵֮أЩʲô
֮󣬻ϼ¥˽һ
ӣҵˣͻȻѵ
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ʱǰһǳŹ֣쳣ªĹһԲСյ˿ƽׯ԰ڿյһЩƾɵ¥ȻһаĴڡ
˲ĿȣǵϹӰҡӰҷҷķپ󣬽ĵ֮أȻżΰĸ¥ݺύĴ֡


537 ׹Ƿϣ
⸱龰ʿУɽҰ֮УȴͻȻһֽУֵƺ̣ˮ
˿ϣȴʾ˷¥֮ɣǴطȥ
ΪħϮһ㶼и˲跨󣬽ԽգΪԪײû´С϶͵
Ȼص˵ͷҲһ˹ȥ޻Ȼǽ
δӽСѿԸоһ֮гӭԼɼһЩС³˵ʿڽ߶Ⱥ̸ʲô;˰ڷŷַʬϵ̯Եߺּۻش˹
ΪƽдȺħֵԵʣʱСûƶ˺ܿǵһͷĿյأģʿһۣû˵ˡ
ջϵ˵˵ɷУħӻɢ̻Ϊ˶ԸħȻڴӣѹ̣Ҳ̻ܵƲá
ӣѾˣһͬʱһʲôҪİɡϽ
ϵĻ޻౼һ£Ȼ׬ȡ˲Ҳȷۻˡ
ҲáЩ˵ɫЦƺҲһջӣȵǱҸطЪϢɡ
ָĵطǵнеļ¥ƺǵɷ֮ʱ̻ģһʿ޽ô粻ͬļ¥ƺǴҴٶֻΪʵöԣҲûһ翣һľۣ֮гǳصĸо
ȻԴҴҲݴɵĵطҲȸСȫϴڷ綴쿴ĸַ̣ĵرӦоУŵҲǸ̻ͬš
ţҲ٤̻ᡭͻȻؽһ¶켯ģĵطϡϤı־Ϊ˼ԭǰƵµ٤̻ᡣ
˵ң֮һɹеĵλһΪĵطֵǶħɷ֮޿ײ룬΢͸
Ƿ֮ʱѾ֪һɵ֣ʥŮӴһԵ֪ȨλҲһʱɱضǺøжС
ΪǣΪֹ٤̻ĹϵʼһصɴۺʱεأǸĪ⣬׽ǵĵϸ
ƫһأ羮֮ܵӵ˵٤̻ĳ˹ȵһ̻ᣬû˿֮
ڴû뿪Ķ磬ȴй߱ɽ󴨵ʿԣһͱصĴ̻ᣬƿĸǧ˿Ƶϵ
Ѿ߹磬ʶΪ㷺һЩӵܶԣȴһ
⵹Щ뢻ǧˣк췲ˣʿдﵽϵ̻ᡢҲʿĻ٤̻ɾһλͱǳأӵݵʿ
뵽ҲȻˣǰһֶ棬ר´̽鱨ռϢ֮ãͬʱӪһЩķΪʥṩ֡
еС̻ᣬ޷һֶ٤̻ᾺħɱģҲ֪ĺ̨ʲô֮ʱѹúܹ֡
ӣҲ֪٤̻᣿Ŀ죬ϲɵЦЦչʾһöʽɵơ
ϣ⡭Ŀһ¡
ûʲôģֻǰ̵ƶѣħУеӵˡЦһеʱɫȴͻȻЩ΢ԭ˵֮䣬ҲѾԼӵеȡȶˣʽʣԵ
Ϊƣǰ̷չ䣬Լ֮ãҿƣĳһλ㳤߳ǰʥŮ϶֮󣬸ЦһҲӦõģǹˣҵѰǴͬأǵһ׷˰ɡ
ͨ磬ϱȻһޣңǴ¸ɮеʿһˣ˵˴дȤ֮⡣
ȴôüͷȻžôһ¡
ʹӰԪе֪ǰΨһʥŮʮʥŮ֮һЩʥŮ죬Ϊɫֺ˲ţ֣˲ź͸ҲôģҪ֮ʱգֶˡ
ֶʲô˶
ϣ˵ǣʥŮסһ;ȴֲ֪μȥˡ
ǻϱϾüɫвãܿҲͨô£æ͵ӣǧҪᣬ̵λʥŮʲôһ˫ǧ촽˳ŴɵĹһ㣬ϸŮӣ죬ɫǱĸҹӣҲֻԼһ˷ңһţŮӵĶһ㣬ڶˣԣӴԷġ
⻰ɫԻҲȣ͵ǰѾãܹ쵽ħɷ֮ÿһ䣬ʿĵطҲǹͲź͹ԵȻⷽ淸ģԱԽĹӣ˽֮أԸ˹һŮӣôĻֻ²ܽύѣˡ
⵹Ҳǡɵõ˵ͷͷȴҲЩƣڿʵʥŮҲһʥ࣬Ǵ˼ʿֱӱˡ
ȻضҪ֮ȻԽԽãֵĿĻģǷΪĿԵߵݵʯȹ¡
ǰֻаԪĪ⣬ĹȰһʥ࣬߹ҲһΪ̥֮䣬ǰ;ѱźõĿŮӶѡŮҲһܹãֻڸҹ֮ɫѡչϵ
뵽һԭ̵Ĵ쵽ԼˣֻԼ¶Ȼѣ㲼ãʿҪ¶֪ķ죬Ȼ龳ϣΪųϣִһҲҪʮ굽ʱ䣬һʱ䣬ôҲʥŮ֮Ϊˣչˡ
԰ʥŮݣΪרΪ£Ӷרʣ̸¡˵ǱҹҲѷɫǰĺŹŮټ϶ʱĳҪչһԵֱټ򵥲ˣ㼰ʱģҲѡ
˷ǲľ顭֪ݺʹΣϾǲݸᣬҲûбҪᰡĬȻ
ʱ̵̵֮ˣʥŮҹӣ˵ļƻԲıı㼴㿴ҲԶ𷴸к͵жԣһЩ֮ˣҪϼӷҲ
ֲ˵ģҲģģʤǧ򱶡
һ֮һΪѲ⣬֮£ϵɫǮѱвȣѹЩձ̫Զˡ
ɫãƺ˼ҲɵóĬϳɾﻹףԼƺ˵©죬һЩԼ¶Ķ
Ī˵ЩһмʥŮѾչ׶Σɴ˷ɺ޶пܣϾһλĶ飬ǧĵʥŮͷӣṫĿеĵλҪöࡣ
аԺڣͷΣҲֻõûвĬæٿڣȴת⣬صǰ¶гӼȻʶʮʥŮеĳһλǾͺðˣֻҪ̻һֺţʾǽڵ뢺Բʿĵȹܹõۿ۴鱨չʾʿܼġ
֪ϴڷ綴µ׺ͽ׾齫ʵʵֵԶֹڴˣ棬Ҳܸ߳ǧԣνȵĹӦܹۼŻݴ٤̻Ἰ΢׬ͷ档
ȻۿҲ϶ڸ˷ģһ֮дڽףǾͿ϶˱ˣǰеĹذ졣
٤̻ûлؿһĺô裬Ǳֲö֪ˣͻ϶ûԹ
ǽȥɣλѣ˵ĻȵĵĿջͶޣǺˣԴתͷ޻˵
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֪ĿҪ֧ǣȻܴûзԡ
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г֮Уרŵļʦϻ٣Ȼר˹ۣƾ֮㽻ǰʿȻЩʿƾȥгԱߵĸ¥㡣
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߽ȥûжţһӴźƵЦ߹ѯʣȻǷˣ۹ⶾֱ֮ӾͰϢˣֻкͻˡ
ȻǸ֣һū˵Ӹں棬ȻҪ´ԾͲͬǹӣߵſ̫ͣˡ
ſħ⣿һЩҪơʵ
ý̹ӵ֪ոĵرԿɣбĽǼӹҲȡǮķʽУüΣǴƹ顣ȻĿˣӦ
ܺãƹĽص˵ͷ
ЩɣҲ֪ǰӴǺηʥһҪƹ񣬲۹վЩΪ֮¶˾ġ
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ԭƹ˵ǿԴͼӹƳϿı
Ǻǣ˵ǵȷ⣬֪ƺҲˣ˵ػƧªҲûʲôʿ̫֮¡ʿ˵ͣ
㲻صģҼȻҵҲָܰҼӹʲôϡĲϣֻҪðͱӡ
Ȼͣʿԣ¶ɫ
ֳʬͣѪҺ֬裬Խһְ֬߶ҵҲвʿʩչл֮⣬һЩʬħʿʩ֮ʱҲҪõ
;㷺ҲΪףʵͲԴ߶̺ʻпϮ͸ʿɶһ˺ͰΪףͷƳһΡЩֵ֣Ҳٱ֪Ҫһ֣


538 ׹ǷУ
Ʒ̫ãֻҪС룬˵ȻҲ̫Ʒˡ
ƷĻһ㶼ÿǧö񡣡ʿʬƳʬͣ辭ᴿƷħʬҲҪɱԼ׼УȻֻȡӹѣֻҪ߰һ׼ʬãﻹԴĺޣδ㰴мۼ㡣
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漴ЦӼǹΪβ˵ʵƷ͵м۵ȷʵǧöÿӷѲƣֻҪŰٲӣǹҪĻӹʬÿ١
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һ̬ȴչʾ֮УҲΪǰ̵صˣͬʱڷ綴򱦴һǧ¡
ÿɷ񣺡Ҳôһ£һºҿܹ٣ȫˡ
ʿһȻвû¶̫Ķһڣжն٣ҲԳǺˬˣһ⣬˵ҲܸʮĽˣҲ
ֻ뵽һ£ʿֲɵ¶ɫ֧ԣ⡭
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֮䲢һǩ־ݣԼΪʿЩɵûãʱ˾ף໹ԸԱ½ȴǲҪЩѰֶˡ
ʿ˶Ե÷ǳˣ׿ǹۣ⣬Ҳֺеʿȫ׬µˣ˼һͻֻãܹĻиඩ
ʱŮͻܾ֮ͣ󣬱ֱ뿪ǰĵĿջȥˡ
֮⣬һټһʿΧɱħϣ㿴¸Ϊã
һԣִƴ˵صĸ߽ʿˣȻڴ˵УضиȽϤټһ£Ҳæɡ˵
еǣǿѹͷߣȻ⼸м֣ͨ飬ȷȲϤˡ˵ͷҲȸҵִƴ˵صĵͷߣ
ʱͻȻǰĿջ֮ͻȻӿһ⣬漴һӰз˳
һĳЦһͷɢʿ̤ͷҲн죬Ҹˡ
ղǸɳӰȥȴһΪͨĨǵѪվƺڸղŵһ˷θͣؿţоҡ
Цʿһ׳һƴĿоų֮Լ֮лӿ֣ȫһ˻ȥһ̺ŴϢƷϡ
˵ΪԵмƣ˵ҲΪ׳ȴûһ˿ߵ˼Цȥһṳ̋ͷؿڣȻһöͭðԶŵƭңʮ浱Ǻ۸ĲɣǲƭȥǮ˫أұɢó
ͷǰؽֽöͭȻȥˣʮ񣿡
ǺӵȷǱƭˣʮö񰡣ҳȥ͹÷֮ãһҲôǮ
ùȻƭˣ
¥̨ǰҲÿһĻЩֻԶԶΧš
Ƽۼ٣ԼƵĲдηðԶŵƭˡϿһĻҲɵ΢һ£漴ЦŶ˵ӣǾȡûʲôɿģ߰ɡ
Ա㲻ǮʿĪ˵Ҫ˫Ҫ⳥һǧҲʹ֮׳ҪȴǵҪˡ
ֻ˿ûоȡԾѪһ׳Ľϣ˿صǵǡƷ
ţ׳ԣŭĿԲɣµ񣬻Ӳ٣ҹ䷨ôûһ˿ӦѲɣ˵Ҳ䷨ûԶŵķŲɣ
׳ἰȴǱͼԶŵİ취֮Զŵ඼ʿڲɸ֮з֣֮ʱѾɢʧȫôˣ˵һЩã֮ͭҲò˶٣һ־÷֮ȻԻԣͨ쳤վõʹָӦеķԶ
˵ĵļֵп춦һ㣬׸ıһԭͨʿˡ
ΪԶŵж϶֮ǱһЩͶȡ֮רŹණҪ˷һЩ̽ɸ֮󣬵õԶŵҲԼѣֱܹʵصõô
ҲǸ˫Ӯ⣬Ӯ˵˹ȻС׬÷СǮϡ䱦ˣҲΪƲ¶ף֪飬ƫƫ˾ץ׼ʿҪһҹȡ˼һЩðαӵνԶŵʵͭƭˡ
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Ѱعɣ׳ȻСȴûһʿվ˵Ȼ˿˵һҲֻΪǽƱˡ
ǡƷ߲֪֪Ѿ˵ûУԷֱţһȴϢûˡ
ǲƷ˵ġ׳֣Ҳֹ֪һʲôȴһץߣУСһȥˣҪ뿪Ƨ˴ߣѱƭȥǮֻ
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ڳ˶Դһ˿֮İ׹䵽׳ϣ׹ⲢûͬһǿճӰӣȴֱûУ·עһɷ׳δȻţţͻȻ飬һƤѪ׷׸ɿݣ·Ƥһ㲻ϵذ䡣
ֺȽţ֫ţӡ£һ䣬еƤ⣬Ȼһ˲֦֮ҶըȴȻȻһùǼܣ
ֱʱ׳ƺŷӦƺҲԼ׹ǵĹһĻеĲ˼飬֨һ£ְν
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ݿɾǸղųֵİ׹Ƿʿ΢΢һЦʵ


539 ׹Ƿ£
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ĵҲȷɺش˵ض꣬ûмͻƫƫȲһ;Ѱɢ޺СӵܣҲóȻж
Ǵ˷ǰΪ´һЩ飬Ļ벻ߴͽ̡ɽɽص
ԭˣãڴ˵ҲǸ˵ϻˣҲΪϤʲôҴȴʶˡ׹Ƿ۵ӹһ˿ûб¶ֻǵص
ûзԼش˵ظֵʵԵüΪ̹ϡ
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Ӳµòɢһֶ棬Ϊֲܹ̣±ǿħϮֻҵһЩСħ̾򣬽ƵķУͬʱΪ˱֤ϸ̻Ҳᶨڹħͨ·
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ȻģǾͺðˣ˵أʵҲΪħ֪¿ɷ򸽽ʿһ飬ڼ䣬˵չϵʴʬ
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Ļ׹ǷЩɫʵħʬһʿչѪ⣬ǣҩƶֻǼ̵ĽʺһЩ൱ڱĵر
ҲЩħ˲ȡ㣬Ƥݣ֮Ķ֤һ޴еˣСɺɢޣǿЩ׬ȡģǵʵûӵʸֻ˶Ρ
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Ŀǽι㷺ʶɱħΪʿ
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㹻ʬĻҲǼ̫ͣϾҪЩĿľΪȡʬȻֱܹӴĿģֺαضһ٣
ҿ٤̻ʬȡȡò֧չʬػһöҲƽ׻óǧʬˣΪͣȫԶʬ𣬲ѪӯĲҪʺϾᾫĲҪ
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Եʿɵ¶һ˿ΪȻɫǣ񶼻δͨǵ˹أʦֺαضǿ
⻰ٴżŭȻǱͻϵ̬ա
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ղǸ׹ǷΪ˲òһζȡȴȻƽͣȻҲǴԲ֮ͨɱ׳ȴֲʧɱ
뿪˰׹Ƿĸ֮ۡԻ˵
ǵȻܹƾٳִһ֮ˣûлĴ֮ôܹ㣿²ǿһζԲֻһζԲԭ͸ɲȥˣӣԺҪٸҪҲ˲šЦһʧʱһЩľ顣
ʵǵ׷棬˹ǲ֮⣬Ҳн̵͸⣬ҪȻֺҴ㲻޷ʰҲȹȻͨʿ
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⻰ûħȡħ񱩣ʬ֮еľãӾȻ̺ľжϼֵƹЩɡ
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һΣϲûиΪҪලչˣûտҲġ
һнǧö֮࣬Ҳɵּ۽ӽǧֱӷİУǲܣҲֻίлڴˣ诸棬һҪΣգڣҲطڶʱŲƸҲõİΣ


540 Ȯϣ
ӣ㿴ǰǲŵˡ
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ŵͼԣ˱עλ֮⣬һЩħȺֲȻҲûˣҲǶű̽Ѱıˣ׹ǷҲԸⳭ¼һݸ
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һԸ֮еľתЦ
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û˿ֱӱ󣬶Լȴ߶ƣҵ֮еĺӰȥ

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Ļûлش𣬵ȴ̱ͨһ£޴޷ཫۺ档
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޻һȴǲòѸղűһ˼ѹȥת˵
ǣ˺ʶȤظǰٴηԸæ
ղֻ۳֮أ֣һͬѳȣȵһֱͨص׵ľ޴󶴿ߡ
ͷ۵ĳѨǲ֪滹ûħǱ࣬㵽̽һ¡룬˵
ǣˡȻû˿飬ֱӴӿ䣬ֱǾ޴󶴿ȥ
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ʱܿȥ˰¡
诣ⱾһɲӵôҲԺɨµħˣľۣսһҲܹȡʤ
ټϣ⸽Ī˵ξصۣΰضûУǣ;¼䣬ͷۣͬµȫꡣ
Ȼ໹Ժ޺ͻһشΪϵҲɱǧͷˣ۸ͷ
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γһˣǰһ¼ᰵϵĴɱȡħһǧͷһĿɹۡ
ҲоԼûпʬһЩʬȻڡ֮УͶ롰Ԫֻش󡱣ٵĵڶ֮У𽥱óԣձɱҲ˿˥ļ
Ϊͨʿ诣Ϊ˶ԸȺۣѾķ˲ٵķ·;ҲԷץʱϢ
ںͷˣһĶĵر֮أֻϧǺУѱħϮҲ෢˱졣
յĸ·ɱ֮˾ֱᴩϴξĲŵһյ
ӵеͼ֮ÿճ֮ǰǰù滮ĿĵħĵطתһȦȻäĿĴײҪãҲ֣εɨЧʵȷǸࡣ
ˣħϮͬΪħĴڣȴҲǰ֮ħϰħĴڣΪʳҲٻøӷ񡣡
ħĻۣﵽһ̶֮չ黹Ҫģͺһˮζൽһ̶ȣ޷ڽˡ
վ⴦ͷһɽͷϣԶԶֲͼأԳ˼
һΣȴǵΪɱħΪѰһΪ֥аǰõȮ
ɱһͷȮ֮󣬾ȻĳѨ֮зͷľͨ츳Ȯͻ˸һͷȻ㽫ԼһͷԼɱֵ߱Ŀ̹֮ޣȮһ㡣
ʱͷȮ꽥ӦȴǿҪˡ


541 ȮУ
һʱͷɫȮƺ𽥽ԭȮ츳춦УȻüգȴҲԪѾΪ˻صĴҲںϵޱȣȴڴﵽҪˡ
⣬ͬΪȮȮ츳Ŀػ츳һ㡣
Ҫ츳һ壬׵飬ֻգϰߣӦ仯ܳɹҵΪĥȮ־ûħȾһҲӰ쵽ǻۣԽɹҲֻʬһ㡣
յͼȷ˴Ŀλ֮󣬱Ȼк˸ϡ
ӣҪѰ֥޻ûż·ɣƺ·עʲôʵ

ⶫϡҩаúܣһ㶼ֻڴȺʬ帯õİɽȣƬһֱԪ֣춼ģ޻
ǺĻ񣬵ȷǲҩ֮磬ҩҲҪһЩ˵ͷ޻˵һ˾ޣλѰҶ⣬ҵˣҸ͸ҡ
ãá޻æ˵أѾôˣȫ;ժƽԵõҩ
ǲ̰ͼı꣬ȴ˶ԷķУңʵҲȷ˵Ⱥɽ̾ĵطƽԵֵĵرҲ˲١
ҲǣûټˣЦЦ
һ˸ͷ;ħ۾֮أࡢ诳֣Ҳɱ˲ٵĴ޻˰æʰоֲᡣ
պһòļŵɽ֮С
ǰҹ˵ȻڸǣҲ͸Щ⣬ӦþĶ츣ˣĵطһ㶼в滨ݣǽȥһҡ˿ˣ˵
ǰܶѲúϸû©ʲôطܿϧǣĵرֲ٣ҪȮ֥ȴһûз֣ʴˣҪѰҡ
룬ֶ˵Сһ㡣
İӡ޻Ȼʵ΢Ĵ٣Ҳѧ᲻ٱֶΡ
һԣԽۣĵرĶ츣أԽ֥ʲôҲӦ̾ᡣ
⴦طƺԭһɽⲿնƣγһᴩɽľ޴蹵ϡɼֲïŲٵĲľھ󲿷ֵطƶǺУҲǸеľ۱ˡ
˴ӻڷУͨʿסβ޻м䣬Ž䱸̬
Ȼв滨ݡ
һУȱ˱Ƕ㣬ǵص׿˹ɫ黨˻İ꣬ɢ֥㣬ΪǣȻİ֮ɢ΢⣬·ҹеөһ㡣
өݣȻѾˣ¶вѡ޻۷Ź⡣
өݣԣɰһЦһֿҩݣֵڵƷ½ף³ʿԣ൱ڷ˼˵Σ轣һҩġ
ⶫȻ󣬵ɼˣҲǮϡǵãеɸ滨֮ʱϱԼᵽݰĲ֭ǿʿǣ巨ʿҪõ
һƬȵأҲܲɵϡȻɣƣҪõһĳɱƺúȴһöʯһ
޻˲ЩĶȴ·ǵ˼һӣǿķٿ·һֻ޴ƣѴƬƬ
өݣȻҲű
ʱۻ뷨Ѳ˶෴޻Ҳٵû춦ȿʱֲԪرʩΪһ»Ϊ֮ˣҪĲٷˡ
˵ΣķǺûħҲˣһûõ״̬ȥӭУ
ˣʩΪҲֻ۵ķݡ߽ʿҪ׬ǮǱȵͽʿ̫ˣȻ߽ʿƽʱʳΪάַöȣҲǾ޴ˡ
λѣֻҪɼ֣ʵԼҩ԰ɣөֻȡһ룬ʣµǶƽ˰ɡ
Щݺһ춦У׼ȥǰõ滨ݷһ𣬶ʣµ˿ȵ޻ˡ
ӣ⡭޻˴Ϊ⡣
ȴ΢Цҡͷʾǲö˵±ǡʵĵҲ֪ԼûбҪЩʿ󣬵ȻһͬУԶʳҲվǱһЩ౼ɢ޺ˡ
ִˣ޻˲ЩжλӲ۸ڶȴʮЩɢޣΪҲǿ󷽡
ǣҲУЩө
зȥٴο˸ָĵر¶еĽĸгɽȣөһҩģؽЩȻΪУߵ˼
ʵǵҲܳʿÿһؾ̽գֱװٱװ٣ֱϵǬҲ޷װΪֹڱڵ᲻ϸ֣ԺҲһɵΣܲôࡣ
һڹе˴ʱ䣬ڣһȵİʪĶߡ
ƺԭһȺħĳѨʿ֮󣬰Ƕɱˣ˿ɼʬǡ
ȻԼȴƾʿĸӦвٵʬۣǷ֥Ļ֮һ
Ȼһ·ɼĵرݶߣ֥һ࣬ѰʿõһǰѰʿҪЩֲȱǮӦòժ
ʿĴðգһЩĵĹ涨ǾǣԼεƤԣǬװǣҪ㲻ƻڼûкô֮¡
Ĳ룬ŻҵԼҪĶ
ƺҲֲһЩûʲôħϢǷͷҺˡ붴֮ʱ
Ϊ˰ȫ诸ǰɣʲôԸ˵Ĺǡ
ȻԷֳʶ͸˷ʶӦҲƣѰұδزܱﱾţˣҪ߽鿴ȷϡ
޻Ҳû飬һ·ħ඼ڻһ֮䣬һУʵǿ˶г˾磬Ҳǿħ˲أң诸ǣϿ˵һʧ
˱ⶴڷֿѰȥˡ
˶ŷ֣ȻСĲƺһЩȻܶټһЩϲصħھɽ嶼ڿˣݺύ
׼˰ǰҪȻһͨˡɰ̾һ
ʵ֮Уĵرǣͨļ亱ҲᵽܣҪѰãŪУ޷Ǿĸֶѡ

ֹʱͻȻһ⸡֣һѶķƮڿУֽһ
ŷķ֮Уһ·ʶݵϣֱԺе졣
ӣҵˣ⴦طвٵ֥ڡ
𣿡ԣ΢΢һ
ȻҵˣߣȻ֥Ĵڡ
ѾºԶֿҩֲ٣ûҵԼҪ֥޻ȴûʧڻǷˡ
࣬޻˷֥ĵطȥ
ǴطԼʮһƬߣصԹ
Թһĵ¶Ѩ֮УҲʱԼһЩħЩħȻ߹һ׾ͱȫɱȻװ춦ˣʣһЩҲҴ룬Ҳɱ
ֹһǰƽҲɼһЩɱĹԭأӦ޻ͨ¡
ӣһƬͨĿѨŲٰҵ֥㿴֮ڸϵȴǶժţѷһʿ˽ȥָŶ˵
һЩսĺۼȴʮͷ޴ţľһ۾Ϳ̺ľʢֻǺضѣֲܹ׶ԸղŴѶ֮ʱҲᡣ
ЩȻСħ֥ΪʳģȻ˾޴󣬵ȴûгɾϵҰޡ
ĿЩƿתܣϸ۲ɵҲ¶һ˿ȵɫ
һ񹤵ȻߣһЩҩʦʦѾĻҪܹϡҩĻ˹٣ȴԶԶ˵ء
ȻѨһƬڣ˶Щҹķ˱ϣЩﲢ԰յ磬ؾʵȴȫԿˣֻһºӳˢٻߣںͶˮΣΧвپ޴ɽʯᴩһ㹰ʹ̮֮
ʹö߿һ¹㳡ң˵ƺҲԶϡһЩͷټͨ˴ԹͨԵƣҲˮ͹ڣ׳ʴ
˵ĻЩ˷ҩ԰壬Щ赼תǴˮ֣ߵЧԶʿΪ֮ҪãΪһֻȻɵȻ֮ѡʺ໷ģʺϵģȻͲˡ
İʪĻ֮УȻһЩƴС֥Ķǲ֥⣬һ̯⹽ЩòõģǴӾ޴Ƥϳ
ȻЩѿȷԼҪĶ֮Ҳɵ¶һ˿ϲɫ
߼Լʮɼ˶֮⣬ͨҲһЩղȽ̽·޻Ѿȥ鿴Щߵĵ࣬ͬЩ֥
Ҳĵ伮֪ǰôޣʵ죬ҲħħˣͷܲûħҲλǰħֻкôûлˡ
ժһʱ㿴⹽·ﱻնϵֱһ㣬͵һ£ѵĸپһ̯ŨѪԼ̺һ˿ħӵĺֺճҺ
ⶫöģǱ˵ζȵĴ⣬ʵҲֻһʬѣȴ⹽ࡣ
˵еⶥֳ֥أʮ֮಻ЦЦ˵λѣҰǲɼ
Ȼû飬ʵ֮ǰͳһЩƷũʹõڶոˣǳ켣ǺУʵֵ΢˵ɱħΪ跨ŪħϰԣܿǣһЩᶯĵر֡
ոֵ֥ڽĶ߲鿴֣ȷһĵطȫߣҲܵõʮϡ
Щ֥ͷػġȮǿѪԪˣԭʼԪϣܳɳΪ޲źãһججҲûжô


542 Ȯ£
ʵʱܷóҲûʮĵһгԣֻ˳Ϊ֮ѣܳɣȻܰȮ츳ɹҲûжʧ
ҶոʱСһ㣬֥ĸϵ֮ӿһ˸ȡȻѸװзӡνɢʧ
УЩ֭Һһ˿ħʴʣɲҪܵˣСܵ˵Ļ쵽Ա߶ߵĵºϴɾΪ鷳
ǿÿ˶æµһָӦעһߴ춦аֻɫȮȡ˳
һͷͽС׸˼СɳһȮͨƤëѩ˫۾Ө͸Բһţѩ
ΪȮ츳ȡѪ֮еľںϵȮϣֱֻڰֻҲǰֻųɹ
ʿżżҲ²ǷʳʲôĵرӦ塣
ʱɫСȮͷ϶һĺۣǱ˸һ˿ڣʶʿܴиܵһ޵ϢѰ˿ô򵥡
һ˿ȮҲ֮󣬼̳йľۣͨˣ͸ȡ֣ˡ
·ĻɫСȮжһ£۾
ʱͷСȮ˫֮ͫУ˾Ө͸Ĺ󣬱ǵӳŶ˷ڱϵҹĹ⣬ǿ˿֮ȻҲز鼫Ϊήңͷ·Ǵ󲡹һһ㡣
֮⣬ͷСȮƺҲʧȥħе׺ݱ壬ȡ֮һľګĸоȻûдﵽʬĵزҲ˵Ƿǳˡ
ЩźΪ˰Ѿڣʵ˲ô࣬Ҳʱɢ˼ʶ˵ɢȥһûֱӱ
뵽ȡһöơ
ͨ嶼Ϻõ񾫵ɣ֮еļƷĲЩ̺һ˿ѪѪɫ
Һ壬ھӨ֮ţɢһϵϢ
棬ͷɫȮ۵ľѪԷܹ֮ɢͷ۵Ϣν
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ԭʧȥǣڿƺã
Եû죬ɵ¶һ˿Цݡ
СȮʳıܻûʧԶĵʬˣܴʶָпܣͷСȮһͷȮδüԼǣ춦һֻ࣬Ҫʲ̫޶ۣŶԵǡ
ԭʼԪô࣬ιʳ֥ҲԪݣӡħԺȥˣѰһЩĵر
ûг԰Լʣµ֮ϾȮԹǿᣬô׿ɵģҲҪ˵
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ǶԣЩǲѣҲûһ¶ƣ֮ɫȫг;ȥ飬Ҳ˲֥֭Һ˿ڵºϴҪȻĻЩ綾֭֭ҺƤë֮Уǿҵ»úЧ
Ƕû°ɣҲ֪飬һ֥һʵ
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ʱǺദһʱ䣬ҲЩϤˣ֪Ȼᣬȴദ۸ڶ竹ӣˣҲʲô˵ʲôսս
ȻѡʱҲԭģǶóΪԼӽƺ⣬ҲӼִӦĻᡣ
Ŷ뽲ЩֵؿһۣЩԡ
֪ӾһһɵĹУ¿ɻҪ֣ҵȻţҲԸΪ䣬Ӱǰ󣬾Ч͡ȻӲǣҲˡðʣΪ֡޻ԴεЦЦЩ˼˵
ԭΪʲô飬ȴ룬ǴԼͬʱԸΪ⡣
Уɢ޻СɵӣѡͶɣֻʵʿһЩ˵ıĻֶΣ
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˵һָħ֮Ȼħ֮սȫޣϢҪϲһ壬齨ȫµˣʿȻħ֣֮һǸ˵飬ϲãڲͬĵطͬҲͬͶЧĶ漰ħͬһ֮У֮Ҳħϲа֣֮ʮܹɵģ
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Ҳ֪ˣɵóһЦԭӵܣ֪Ҹղ˵
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ԣɵðͣ鵼ӽЩ竹ʱ֮ͬĿȴǽˬ棬µϡ
̸һչˣԼҪˣڴڵĻջչʬ͵뷨˻ϣԣҲûзԣֻǵҰ﹫ڴտû⣬ڼ䣬һῼǼ˵ƷУеĻƼӵȥʱ򣬹ҲÿٸԼĸˡ
ǾͻˡԵظм
ĸ߼ȷʡģȫԶһ棬ˣͨ飬ȫԷġ
ʱ򣬻һ£ֵʦǴǺдϢѾԶһϣһЩħĶ򡣡
ŶϵҲϢˣǴʲôʵ
յ߱ģǳ˲ħʿ˵ִʹҲƵ֣ǰǺ顣
Ҳ˽ѵһͬɹļһռ磬Ѿ𹫷ˣԣɵðľ
⵹ҲڣһأȻ޴󣬵Ҳ֧һԴѣ֮£֮УвƵľ޴󱦲أÿһԺ;ŴɹƽƽиԵص㣬Ҳֳܷ̫ྫֲ
ˣǼԿ϶ζԷȷڣȴȷûжĺš
ô˵ʱĶˣΪҲǵɣ˳ɹʵȨְѳ磬ѳɡ
ҪɹһͬѣҲûʲôǰ繰á
ʱѾһֻҪһƿ磬Ϊ˱ʾͷҲǷ˸÷ַճɡ
ֱڼжǮĺôԵֵϺ

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ֳ鿴һϮ֮˲Ҵſ˵ħʿԤıѾãڸͻȻϮĸо
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Ҳ֪ԼûɣҲûʸȥܴĵ֮ǰǽƶΪһʩĶûУֻվھɿˡ
֮Եֵԭʱʩеģĸ׳н֮ƣȴһûϵĶԶԶľֱӱĿа˵ˡ
Ѿٽˣ磬Զɽˣ΢ƽϢһ꣬ͱıɱ֪˻ô


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вʿеźչʬ̻˵˵ϸ˵ǿҲΪֻջϴһѪ̺֮Ϊжϱ׼ôʬһŲҪ
չʬɱħͬʱҲûͣԼ׵ļʱȰ֮ǰľ糹ȹԼһ˿ҲںϣƺΪͶ붦еʬӣȻľת𽥰ں
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ô˵ϵҲֻǵİɣӣǻտġ


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һǸкһ÷ǸŮ
ճӤûеĿɰֻͰ͵ĸо˫ۣ֪Ӷٽ͵ⶼٹһʱ䣬÷۵װֵˡ
ȴûа⻰ȥԼϵеӤɵòһĪѪĸоһʱ֮䣬ֵ˼㡣
ˣʦܣ˿ˣǺǵĸףȡְɣͷҪ顣ʱѵ
֡ڸƽӵ˼¶һ˿Цݣкĳӣͽڰɡ
ڣǸ֡వЦ
ڣڽӴӵ壬ǧ
ҲԿóȷǼ˺
Ůأ
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ȻֻһŮҲϣǸĺŹŮװĸһΪ˼檵ˡ


546 ã£
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Լȡ֣಻ɵ¶һ˿΢ЦԼĵһŮȡ֣ȻǻõԸ
뵽֣ԼԼҲҪʦŮڽӴϷһƣȴǲɵóˡ
ȻҲĸԵıܡ
ŵĹûнؾ֮ǰҪɷʦѵгɣܽӵ࣬һֱδܽ죬Ҳֻڷִˣȫ޸ÿƹෲ£ٸҲٲǵĲʹ
Ͱŵĳɡ
Ҳ֪ɷб𣬲ûзԡ
һֱû޳죬ֻа겻ҲֻڷɳޣΪԼС忪֦ɢҶˣҲǵĺ֮гʿܽӵԼҲһ֮֡
ڴ֮ǰжʮʱ䣬ԴԸ
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磬չȵ˶֪һŮ壬Ҳûмƽ֮£ӳһ㣬Դף
ϲϲЦݣԼ
ʲô¶һ˿ɻɫ
طͨϴβµʿǺȥҰˡ
ԭǺ׵˺ɵ˵ͨǰǺϣȴûһõͷΪ˷ֹмϸǱ룬Գӵ鶼ǳϸ
룬Ѿ顣
ʹӦҵģ㲻Цһ
ǺǣҾ֪ô˵ģﻹءȻҲ׼ָһ飬Ԫ½ĵͼȦһԲһɽΪ塣
˵ţǬȡһĶĵͼ
ǡص
Ż֪㽫ϱ֮ʱѾڿ㿪ٸʸˣǣͷ嶳ϺһЩϷ飬İߪˣҺԶɽ˸鱣ͨˣŹ²֪ͨ㱾ˣڰпϣȷڡ
Ȼһӵߵ·ӣһԣֲʲôõĶ츣أϳԿ飬Ԫ½Щûռóѡһ˳ĻٹȷֱӰﻮΪ塣
ԭӵռ壬ٸһֱɮ٣ҪռϺõĶ츣Ҳ£ܹٸϣռúõĵطȴҲô׵顣
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Ԫ½ǴĶ֮УΨһһδռݵ½أ˵棬ḻʵǿٸϺó
˵ԭĳҪĻҲܣܹ磬ΪҵķչºͣǵõŴԭ
ٸУԳһĸԭҲΪԼҲ帽һΪأȴû뵽ȻܹȦһƬϵ塣
Ȼ˿ٵ壬ûӵأȴˣһõڡ
ڣǰá
ȱæŸˣһһءЦǸģǸֶġ
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ȴʱóһ̺ԪķȻһˮīɽˮչһ׳Ϣʱ
Ƿ¹֮ɽͼһĿռ䷨ͬãǿһС磬ܹװػˣȻ沢ûǳ÷ģ⣬ҲԹһʱˣãת԰ƵӴ˿ڣʹܹ֮Ǩ㵽Զĵطȥ
һܹԳķɵóһ
ʵķҲϴռݵĸۡУһ龳¯棬סˣרֲϣգһݳƷ
Žɽͼûʲôϡ֮װŽ˿ڵԻʤԭҴwһսƵħŰãҲǨơ
뵽ȱ֣Ǿ㣬Ϊ֮ǨƵԪ½Ϣٶʱ䣬űӵ˿ڣҲĸˡ
Ц
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һ񰡣඼űӻҪŪ֮ķˣɲһܹġԵظ̾
ȻʿаɽͨȡˣΪУȴ⵽ŵƲã޸ҪһԼҲףûЩ˿ڣ治֪Ҫ²ܴĿġ
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ˣղһλʿ˵Ϊش֮ϲǰ񡣡
ֻ˭Цһùһ֮Цȴֺܿ
ԭǣǹڵʱܿԺ
룬ʵʲôط
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ķӦϴβһ
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֪ˣȥҶһȥġһ£˵
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ǿǵãһ治˺ƤҲϧ
뵽ϴαܾƽ׶飬Щߺޡ
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ԳԹ֮У޷԰Σعȴǲɵ΢΢üа飬ûô򵥣ΣƺûӦԼıҪΪʲôҪӦأ
ͬǼӵܣҲονġ񡱣˵ƺõŵÿһʱ䣬ջһΧԵճɣӵܣֱ˵Ǹˡ
ȷǳūͣȷգȻ޸ΣͷõʶӵܣٶȲҪ̫죡
ô
ߣôҲǸǻ裬̰ˣ֪罻ñǽøΪͰ͵ܹύǡ
ع⿴ɵ㣬ٶ˼⣬Ļ䱸
ҲֻҪ̽һǵ̬ȰɣԸǼ黹ûб֪֡Ѿ治֪ηӦ
عⶨ˶񣬾ȲǾ䣬«ľʲôҩ
Լı𽥸¥ҲȻʱȻӰ
һЩ˽ۣ
˵ǰıͣǸһֱûг֡
Ǹз磬Ϊصӵܣ

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˭֪أԴΪͷú׽׽ɡ
̸£ٱͽǲɵûĵЦ
ЩӵҲ֪֮Щ£֪⼸£ؽʶøӵܣѾ˲ݺӵȻһֱҪύˣĹϵ⼸˼Ӱڵʮ㣬Ը
ڸӵ֮Ҳ㣬һʱΪЦ̸
ҿ˳ˣ棬ƫΪӦǰǸӡ
ҵãҲãҪ˵ĻɾкϷˡ
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Ӧ֮ǰ˵أҲþ֧඼Ǳſп޵̬ǰһۣոְˡ
ﶼ֮漰УϵҲûԸˮֳʤԱ߸ͼź
ַѲʲô
ʱͻȻ֪ʵĺӵ
ʱЩ۵ıͶͣԾȡ
ˡ


547 Ǭϣ
⿴ȥȴԼĹϴ˽
ˡһĻаľȴӭ
ʱӵܵҲһĵλܲôݵ޶ԡ
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Щ񵢸ˡֻǵ
ɫҲԴпʲô
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˵ͷҲûٶ˵ʲôȥ
һ·ϣʱʱмûӵǰкһһӦȲ飬Ҳûоǧ֮⣬һЩ׼ϷɺЩ׼ĵס
ȴ¥֮ճҲع˳˿쳣һЩ֪аԾѵ˵Ѿתˣ֧ȡ֮ˡ
Ĵǲ
ǰԭʶǰһǰΧԲ֣ǳսʧԪʧȥǱת֧ҲΪ档
ҲǶüת֮
һЩ˰ԴɫЩ졣
ʱǻ֪Ѿı䲻Ļоֻ¸
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عҲͬ׼ףˣȴҲֵ㣬Ȱƣ˵һЩĿ
лλǰμҵᣬʵڸмƹѲΪ˼˵վԵһЩҪӵǰһһƣʾм
лڰæ֮гǰμҵ磬һҾ㣬롣ǰЦе˵
ҲûзϻЦһЦ֮һ
ãˬ졣ˣЦҲһ
ʱȷţʱǰ޸ϵˣһشĽչ֧֣ȻԽ֮öȴҲ߰˷ֵİˡ
һ̣ڸоԼŬûа׷ѡ
ÿɲôаϲʱȴͻȻ˵
Ŷ֪ϵкμ̣ô˵üͷЩ졣
عͻȻвĸоɫ˼
ͶǰһĻˣһֱĬĬȾƣҲûʲô쳣ı֣о𽥷ȻڴʱͻȻ˵ôһ䣬ȴԼзѵ˼档
ѵ˵£
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ϵ˵Цˣ˵Щҵͨӵܹõġһǰ뿪ЦʵⲻҲɵһ˿ŭȴòͬЦݣЦƵ˵
һЩӵ˼£֮¸ոչҲװԼĲ
ĲˣΪڳλһأӵ޴ƸܹܵЩ
£ӵܣȷɼȻһЩݲԹӵ˵
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ղ˵̼֮裬ǵҲûмʶڼеشӲܹһƽ
ҺΪкܹ淨ĵƷƣԲȡ겻ıѩ֮ͨоΪϣԱ裬ӵĵرƶɣ˺һڣҹϴЩԪ³ʿˣҲΪһֵ񣬻һܹлЩӵܹõģƽҵõЩˡ
ν֮裬û˿ϡ棬ǾۼʮʦԲݣչʾȻе̣ȴǵ龳ֲֳֵɣҲֻ龳ϵֵ֣ƿʱհأɺ͸֮У֮ʱ磬ƮƮȻȻ֪ԣԶһԻøĵСܹ⡣
뵽˶ɵЩĸо
ǺǣһڱЩӵܶûܵĶȴŸˡ
Ȼϯƣ֣͸Ͽ찲ЩЩ˼ĽĿɡһ𵤾ӵܣЩؽ
Ŀ⻰аŭ
ɲǸʲô⣬˵˻һãЩʲô⣬ҲڳȤ⵷ңȴҪԼϵˡ
ö˶˵ĶëָʲôĿۣ
ң˵ʲôǵļգԼҲΪֵŪǱðˣóȵ԰Ÿģȡʤ֮ʱάһֻͨɣŮ֮ɹ࣬ҲȤȻϤҪͶãЩ޴֡
ҪҵӰаû뵽ⷽԼ׼ҲֻһЩ׵ĸˣû˵ղŵһóŪҲ޷Ȼô˵ˣóδЩȡˡ
ҵһ⡣üͷɵ΢΢һЦ
ҵʿ˳ˣΪɣν;·ѽҲη壬ȻЩʿһ㣬ֻӹţȴһãǽղ̸£͸裬ҽʿչʾһͨΣ
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龳һǬͨλһССϷЦЦ
Ŷô棿ɵӰ׳գҲˣɫԳʵ
ܼ򵥣ҶԼͨţǴģҽУ޷ѣˣ䡣Ц
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λϳ֣ԼԳֺˣٵǣ´Ͱɡˣдң˭ģһ
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˵˴һͳһöȭͷСͨĿʯ
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ĸӵҲɵЩĶվ˳ԳҪһ˵ͨ
ãһǺеõǳԼޱȣͻȣƵ¯һķǳʣҾעɡ
˼һ֮ջǴӦ
çײȻôʹʹӦϲ⣬Ҳסع飬֪ĶˣҲûֹĵرѺעҲŴ֡
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ҵʵãȺˣѺעϣˣҲˡ
м䣬Ҳ񾳳ڣ£ıԣӦÿԳƽ˰ɡ
˽ǵֵÿ֡
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֣ҪԸķ䰡ЦһͻȻһץ
Ʒ·ǵصĲڶʿ˲Ϣ֮䣬㽫ץ뵽Ǭ֮С
ûע⵽ǣʱӿ˿˿·͸صãռ䡣
翵֣д˹
⡭ǡ
ʿʧɫʩչͨƱڶȴͻȻһѣܵأ·ת۾ͱ任ˡ
ޱ޼ʡ
ôҲ벻еǬأȻ֮Ϊ񾳳ڵʿҲһ˿ռķ򣬵ȴںںηûп޴֡
棬˼ʿץȥ֮󣬱˫ֲ䣬Цһʱ䶼
Ҳû뵽ױסһͬȾʿ


548 Ǭ£

粻ܼΣȻǲɵ¶һ˿ݡ
ոպֵʿɲѡԼſ֮Уѡһλó֮˳Ϊ㲻УҲƯֵһԴϲȴû뵽Ȼ˲ãҲ˿û֣ת۱㽫Ǭ֮У档
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ȴǲ֪Դ֮ڵĻȫһ𱬷ħĲл꣬Ϊ޶ľһͨʿħ£춦ȷԪϰ⣬񾳳ô򵥣
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ҪԽһԼſ;ͳʡøԼ
кβң֪׷Ц
һǰһصԪּӿ˹
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ԴԺǿѾǧǧ֮࣡ѾһЩླ֣ȫ֮ʱǿԱֻ֣ͨһͨʿʲôұƴıǮ
ȴǰЦ
ͨľãʻпܱȲЩԼ곤һЩӵܣȴŲκ˵š
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ʱֻüΪķû˼ֻҪʳ鵤ȡԵָ֪֮أȥȴûô򵥡
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зصһߣͻȻˣԼ֡
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ȥȴ̯ƣһֵС˶ġ
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ˣҲǸ䲻ˣΣӦ
ҲȻҪԼһǾ;ʧ֣ƤҲû塣
ǳ͹ˡ
ȻֶθȻӮˣԼעȻСعվ˳ǺЦŴԲ
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ҲˣҿɲǶ֡
عĻ뵽ղչֳֶΣһЩղŶԾԾԵӵܣȫû˶ֵ
ȫˣԼﵽླϣͨ򣬼һʤǷʳҩµӵҲȾӷླϵģһԣؽΪ
ô˵ҲٺһЦȻǶô˵ЩעҲˡ
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549 㣨ϣ
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㣬ܶ𣿡Цеǰ취ҳʱϾڲˣ˿̴еǰһã̽̽˵ĵϸ
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һΣǵȻɧţܵӻԷƵʱ䡣
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ҲãÿԳû˵ϸ塣˵

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ʱߵģǹеˣĸҲûʲôɱܻģ˶֪һ£Ҳûн֮¶ֻǴǣϵյϵĳɽ֮š
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㷨Ƴ㹻ͨӵ˵ĵطǺܺõԳûƳķûпɱ¾ЩħֶΣóȻ룬ЩΣյġ
ħɧ֮⡭Ǹĺڣգ˵ɡ


550 㣨£
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⵹ǡ뵽йżԼħѻǵֶͨΣԷˣ겻ɢȻǿԿʳҪ鱨ͷҲǰ
һȺΪʿ飬ҷ֮ϣȻʮླ֮ĸ֣ĪͨϢҲЩ֮һ棬纣Ԫ·˳һ㱼ڶԱЩʿҪࡣ
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һɫۣͷڰףɢڼϵаʿվڲԶĿУʵ
аʿȺħ֮еǿߣĪ䡡֮еĹż棡
ңҡ죬Ҫش𣬵ȴȻһ
Щ˾Ȼ֪ҵݣǡ
׸Ժˡ
Щħʿ֪ԼݣΪλҪ˴ĶѲɣһ᣿ԭĿ꣬Լ
æ˺Ϳɽ״ǰǺηˣҼҶʦʶ
Ҳмּǣſ֮䣬ȻںԣԼһĪеħСɵݡ
еλͿɽ棬ʵһɢ޵ͨʿЩձ࣬˿ɽ֮󣬳һŵСɣרŰӵܣĵر
ΪͿɽµӣҲתͶһ㣬õĻͥĻᣬ˿ðǣҲǸѡ
ðɵӵĻ̫ױ¶ˣ෴С࣬漰ӣǰ˵ȷħ˵ĻûбҪҲȻɱ
˵֮󣬱ŵʿźʹԼһ١
Ϳɽµӣż΢Ҳɵӹһ˿ɻ顣
ʱͻȻ׽һ˿Ҳƽ֮ؼӿ˼֡
Ϳɽ棿ʲôû˵
ߣŵӣԲԣںԣʵڸɱ
żЦ
ȵõȷ鱨֪֮гǸС״ӣ
£żһһҽж㱻Ѫɽ
һưâзɳŻţҪȥżѣһǣ㽫ưâץС
âꡣ
żʧȥģ׼ħֶα꽻
ʿﵽϳˣ޶Ϊ꣬ĥ꣬ȴǱ֮ĥʵڶˡ


551 ʬۣϣ
ϣЩ˴ץסˣѳȥԷʹϡеķֹ
ȵż潫Ʒʱ򣬺ߵսҲˣҲսΪһʿϮȣ٣޷ֻ֮Ϊֵ־ܡ
ˣ˳ȥ
һˣһȺʿҲĲͰ
ѵعʿϮĵһʱȫӣͨʿླʿ˳ȥ
Щ©֮㣬ùˣץס˴ıС
żЦһļʶλῴԼץֵĲһȺ˵Ķ˵λ磬һͨδӵҪ
ħʿʰһսȻ׼ʿȥһˣ඼²Ҳһء
ǲûע⵽һƬɽ֮УӰȻ֡
ȻԲʿ˰ŶԷԶȥӰü
ǵȻ粢ǶϷҺң̨ϵλ棬ԲϵٶȽٵĶ֣ûԲʿô
Ǻ⡣
ղʩչʲôͨȻǾȻȫ޷ѣ
ӦûǬ˶ڿռ䷨ƿأѾﵽһǷ켫ĵز֮䣬ûʮϵ龳ͬʱԹơ
ԲʿͨĲƺҲܾҿǶԸ£Ȼһж
⵹Ҳûϡ棬ʿݬ룬ͬһεʿʵҲԶģ´ɢ£ȴǾʿ
˵˸ղŵǣǾݵлжԲʿܹ̽ӦҲǸõ鱨ɣµһʿ˵
²ռڴˣûԷֳ˿⣬ŵɻأǱſ֮ĶȥǷǱ֮أ²Ϣᱻ֡һʿ˵
Բ֣лԲǶȻӲǸӦģĪҪ鱨ûв̽Լ˽ȥ
ʵҲԲʿҪΧԹһԲĸʿڻܹȡʤҲǽ֮ǶԷ̫࣬˼أ½ȫͬˡ
ǵסԶɽһʵ
ʱǲҪɣǱںĻȸȴû뵽Զ֮ǿ׳̫ࡣҲûбҪģڵڰȫеǻٴ̽Ϊ˵
һΣ͵͵βû֣˺ץסż֣ҲͬǱڲ࣬˽Էʵ
ǵõĽȴǲ
ڶҲ׼Բʿֵ֣֪ˣԶԶţɲظǰĽڡ
ͬһƬɢյڵ򣬰ӿŸʱϡʱŨ񣬿ϯɽ֮䣬ԼǿħϢдǲ֪û۵Ĵڡ
ԶԶ㷢֣⴦ط֮βԷ¶Է֡
Ȼ
ֶԷݵʵ֮ʿɵõɴ۾
ǰ֮أʵ̫ˣʱؽ̫Զ෴ߵλãҲʵ̫ˣƽǧﲻͽʿҲԳÿ񱩵˵ʱ֮ڶԴϵš
ʿԣʱ˵Ƕ֮
ұΪνΣյĵطȫĵطֻһջȴû뵽Է֮о˸ʦǲµķһкۼˣ˵֮ǰӽųǵ֮С
Ϊ٣һ·ҲСģǲõı˷׷١
뵽˶ɵҲĸоոǺǱ㱻ϣ֮еıˣŲٵ֣ͨҴģӦûʲô⡣
Ȼǵϳڴ˵أǾﶢŰɣжʿУ¿ƶϳж
֮ʱͬ˿̵磬Ȼͬɫȴ˼ļִţ֮ԼһĨĹâ
ΪȨƣ԰ͬ壬ЩֻǸ˶ԹĴһȣ㲻ʲô
Ҳ֪ػڼ壬ҪֵסĪ䡡ŵķˣֻ֮ڣֻҪһʱȥϱ˵ǳ䶨
ؼʱ̣Ȼû˱ܣ¶ģڴ˶ء
ԶɽҲͬͬΪ֪Ҫڼлùѫƴһ⣬зľݵڽʱִʱ
ץס֮󣬾ȻɰҲȻģˣҲҪΪԼѾƿ˾棬Ȼ뵽ͬΪӵܣȴؿ
ֻһˣÿƶϳǲľλá
һƬյȻɢΪǧҲΪɹۣһһѰңףзӣдȵ֮ʧ֮ǰȻȷ˾λá
ȷ˾λ֮˲ûڽһ¼Ǳڼ䷢ִСʿٴΣÿһгʿڰıȶԣȷݡ
Уĸִ඼龳ϣͨȻҲʶôħˣа취ǱÿӦһȡڲᣬһػأǸӦ֮еҲ֮ࡣ
У󲿷ֶ³ʿ龳Ͻ٣ͨʿʮ
չֳĶ࣬һݵʿ˲²⣬ʵӦʮ֮䡣
֮⣬Ҳ֣ЩжʿʿһݣصʿҲӦΪɹۡ
ľ֮İʿ˼ڲĻҲ֮٣ٵʿ඼ֹˡ
Щ˳뼫йɣƺÿһˡǷûУ
ħյǱһ۵ĵͰɽУĵš
ʱյĹ۲֮˶һЩˡ
ҲˣƺڴǺаʲô
Ҳпħɢޣв״ÿÿżر಻ʿӵͼзֵһʱЩɢϢ֮авõı
ôһ˵Ҳмֿܡ
ʵĪ䡡ҶǻȪţԪڣѪħ̵ңжٸ֣ΪΣӵкַͨҺȻ޷֪Ҳһ˽⣬֮սѱƴ룬ʣһЩб°ˡ
ģǴӸɴЩֻ֣ߣԸֶΣôİ֡
Ϊ˶ռ棬ǶȻܽʵ棬¶뻹ǿջթɳӵǰ̽ԭν֪֪ˣս׼˶Է˵㣬пܲս֮
ĬǶԷʿɳı֮󣬶ÿձǺʿҲɵԽغ
һֱ飬ǶԱضΪҪ
˵֮ʱͻȻ֮䣬һ
˶ԶյУһ˷˳
һ㣬ȻִͨӣмʮͨʿʮླʿʮʿнС³ʿ
Щֹ֮䣬쳣͵ԱһЩС㳲ٶ˶飬ȴʮ˵ðСһ㡣
ֳˡֹͣ˸ղŵĻ⣬˵
Ҳһ£һ鱨ȥҲԽˣЩ˹ȥлĻԳԽǣӹһĨ⣬˵
ǸЩˣ⴦žݵ𣿡Զɽʵ
룬˼ˡԴؿһۣԶɽ͵λñ¶ûǶأħҲͬ̾ᣬԣĥʱ⣬Щˣô󡣡
һǳ̽Ƕ򣬿ħıҿһŵƣӵܺһҲнʮ֣ͨԸݵѰ·ԸһˣӦò󡣿ᵣģϮЩˣ㽫ݾߣʵ֮Բ̷ƣǲԸΪ֮׼㡣
˵ɹһˣһ̶ԷʵԴǸֲʹ֮Ϊ֮Уʱ򣬶ԸʣˣǸף
˵òƣʵ΢Сħֺξ֮УңǵʵΣҪģܹһֲĻЦͬ
ҲǲУֻôһսΣͷˣͶעȻǽԴϲһԶɽЩɵ
Ҳ֪ڵʲô
ǳ̽ħ򣬲ûʲô񣬶Դ̽Ϣռ鱨Ϊͨӵܣ²Сʿָ±ˣض룬ͨӵܣΪ΢ҲѿʼӵԼĸЩƽʲôڴʱǶжµʸ
ǵݵλԼʵȫڱҪ֮ʱٻϡ
һҲҪеͨӵܳеΣһԼжûйͣһ׮
Զɽʱû뵽ҪЩʿͷûƫغף̫֦
ҲȷʲôҲӣִȥҲûָʲôʱ򣬸Ĺѫ죬һжƽȣһƫԭļƻȻпܻøΪ޴棬Ҳͬ
ȷǲ̫þ
ԶɽҲѶ֮ˣΪֵ֮ȻҲ̫ͬȻǶô˵ˣȥҲá
˵ҲɵԳһЦҪҲϸһȥĻ׼ðͷڹ˰ɡ
Զɽ˾֮ͳһܿж
ƾʿֶΣ֮УȻϴһ㣬һ·βЩʿȥ˿ûע⡣
֪䣬˾Žʮһյϡ
ʱ֮ˣע⵽һȺƺҲ·ʿע⣬°;ûκˣҲչ¶ֱ뿪֮󣬲΢¶μ
ȻǴӽ֮гˡ
һ䣬գʣ·Ĺ԰һɭ֮Уûɵӿͷ
ʱǸյһħϢͺͺһƬĻɽԭǺбضǣû˿֮Ȼȴܿзһ˿ԡ
ƺĲʲô
ɽȥˡ
ȥҴиܵ˼ΪӴʬȻϣǵȷı


552 ʬۣ£
˵һϢǺطô񱩣ңȴʵɭĸо·ǧᣬա
ȻǺԭ谵ҹգۣҲʲôȻ˶ʿһоʶܵ˼ƣ·ƽ˽Ũֵ֮һ㡣
ȥҴиܵ˼ΪӴʬ
Ȼϣǵȷı
ߵ쳣Ϣһ£漴·ʲôһ㣬¶һ˿𾪵顣
Ȼһ˿𾪺ܿʧҲûʲôȴǸܵڸղһ˲仯
֮ɫɫܿĮӶ񣬷·ǰʲôԵĶһ㡣
ʬɫһʵ
ϢƺҲʲôطܹԼʶĸо
ӣ鲻ֻ࣬»ûôֶɡϢ֮аۻ֮ʬɢһ㣬Ҳ¶Щ΢Ӷɫ
ʬۣʲô͵͵ش
ʬʬѣ˼壬ǧʬѻɵԶͼڡԶŵʬطǵͨ⣬ڴһĶЩɼԸʬǣʬɷˮɷԻܴǣʬ֮Уͳཀྵʬʬϼʶ㣬˵͵
Ҳ˵һͨȵطʬֶΣʵ
ףΪԼϢһʶ֮ˡ
ûдԼǼƵĶǵʬڵ֮ʱԷٻʬܡ
ʬȻûзȴų󼰵ͭƤǣרʹõıҲӵв׵ս
Щζš
Զɽһ˵
˲ɵðԵͷʵϣⲢʲôζţϢ࣬ʿʶӦ֮󣬷ɢʬܶʿʶһӰ졣
ǾȻʬۣ׼ҪƴʬͶˣֲǶȫ޶ԭΪ˻ʵһٳɹ
˿ܵĻٽԼ֪˺ױ²⵽࣬Ϊ˽ǻðűֵΣգǰȥ
𽥵أ˵ϡ
ʱСŨһʬ֮У󣬹ɭȻԼԼһЩСӰãȻ߶ޱȵľګӲ
ȻȻΪʬĹ
˿һȺѾ˴Ȯǰʳһ㣬ŻԭԶȥЩʧȥ飬ûԦʹ֮£ƾ豾ж
ǰȥٷ֣г̵룬ʬԽԽ࣬һЩȻܹԦʬգƮ
ԶʬطʬҲŵֵ֮ģʬ壬ֻΪӵģΪʬֻк췲˵ʵҶ彩ӲȻӵǿǰȴǴĲ磬ӵкηƤȵƶѡ
һ㣬ܵʬʬӵʿһ㸡նķֶΡ
ʬطмҲΪʬ֮һһصʵеͽʿԶԸֻһֻ࣬׸ķˡ
ʬ֮ϣʬͭʬʬʬɣѪħȵȲͬƷס
Զط뵱ͨһ㲻ͬԶŲϸƷ֣֮ټϣʬʵҲʬĵʺͼʱ䳤̶ԣһ㶼ǿʵսĽ֣Уʬ綾䡢аҲܴǿӳȻͬ
ʿԸԵĵˣǴˣѲûʲôô˵һǴȺҪʱʱʱҪŲʬ˰͵Ϯֻǲȡʬȷˡ
˸ֵܸܵŨʬ֮ʱѾ²⵽˶ԷͼȻԶǰüֹҲòϣȷһ֮Чͱ֮Ī䡡⼸ҸոմԪҪһҲʵƶһЩʬΪá
ʱգ׼һЩʬпǣضԼʿս
û뵽ʬڵҲˡ˾տʬ󷨣Ũаֻ֮ڵʬˡ
Ȼһץצֱӱ㽫һͷĿεʬץ˹Ϊ쿴丯ó̶ȣԼ̺ʬĶѣ̶ȣ˵
֮ʬģ˹֮⣬ʬڣȪţĪ֮˺ǻȪŵģôͲ˵ģЩֵʵ
ȪŴóл֮ʬŪʬֶΣʬڣȻҲͬˡжϵҲһŵӿħͨħҲͨͿûǻԵȥѧˣ˵⼸ҵʬطҲǿܵģһʬڲ˽
⵹ҲǡĬĬص˵ͷ
ǰнһΣʬŨأȻ˸о䷳ƲʣҲǰ֮˵ʶһ˱оԼһֻԼһ˴ڵ֮䣬һжˡ
ӦǷླʿΪһֹһȴʬЧʣԶͨлֶλʬַܱġ
ٹһжϵ
ʶӣϰˣ;ʬȺץȡһЩ۲죬жϴ˵γɵԼɡ
»һҪǱͼڵĸǷΧԼֶ֮Σʵ̫עЩʬ˭⣬ֻҪܹ֮ݻ٣˳ɱһЩħˣˡ
ϲǵΪȡѾεʬֻǲʬģֲ󡣡

һԣʬһͼڣʱԽԽױ򡯣֮еɷ֮زϻֲۣûͬĹ԰ɭֲˡ
ʬȻҲŨ񣬵ǱԷڸпܾͽɽ棬ɽƻʬӴγʬԼʬĻᡣ
˼˿϶ҲĲ²⣺ǶɽȥˣСһ㣬ʶ̽Ӱ죬óȻɢҲԱ˴˳ԮǴһɽȥˡ
֮˱˹С

ǰ֮˶ɵøԷһ̾ЩһЩֱĿɿڴ½϶࣬Ӻģ΢Ʋϸֳһ˿Źֵɫ
ԭǰģ
Щɲ¥һ㣬ľʯջɣЩȫһһߵʬˣŶɣͺսսʬֱ֮ӰǵҶһ㡣
Ǽ֮ͯͺɳʱѡ
ǲ֫ϱۣѪ죬ʬݹǡ
Ҳ֣Щʬѻɣ֮ߵġڷţϸذǷλһһŲ֮
ԲЩͷ·Ǵ֮еĽڵ㣬̣תһɼΪصһЩɢҵʬѸƽٶȼȡʬԼнһĸо
֮ǰٶʿ˿ֲڹȵ֮Уһһߵʲô
ɽЩʬ壬˵ҲʮߣҲ֪ʲôҵôϸż㽫һЩ֮УһЩԹ
ڸʲôһ£ͻȻһĻ龰ƺЩʶ
뵱Լҩ԰ΪҲժҩһƬ֮УҲһ귭ҵֶΣһЩĹӲժлɬģ֦ͷܣһʱ֮ٿ
ʱĳǺƣ
λǵĴûᰡͻȻ뵽һ£ͻȻһ£ϲش
ʲô㣿Զɽ
ͨӴǵҲ˽⵽Ǹϲ޵ķʸˡ
ΣǱضҪʬɣʬҪʬΪϣЩݳɸʬ۷Ѿҷˣÿ߼ʬʬ壬ѵͲҪʬ岹䲻ɣ
ȻᣬʬҪʬ壬ɲֻһߣеʱ򣬳ɰǧҲδƳɹǿˮĥˡ
ˣ뿪֮вٻʻʬֻ֮µʱ򣬾ǻᵽˡ
һȺˣǵȻǲη壬Ҫһ򾡣Ҳһ֮£ŪõĻпŪɳ׾Ԥϵĺ
ʴˣĴǲӣһ֣Ҫɴ䣬ϲܸ˿ֵֵĻᣬҪ˴ѡ
ǳĵطȲŶ֣ȥ֮󣬲÷ݴ˵˵ͷ
⼸һ·βħʿȻûиϵýƣո·Ҳʵ˲ٵķ˵ʵʱ֣ĻǺ㣬йϢĻᣬڵ뿪֮ڴ˲÷򵥶ˡ
ǣ˿ʼĵȺֻȺǲĢһ㣬ʬɭɽת֮ưʬɹӼȻ׼뿪ˡ
ע⵽뿪ķ򣬲ǷؽŸľݵ㣬ǼǺȥ
ǺгԱأȻûʲôĵرɲɣҪռʬǷٺòˡ
ϸڣ˸ȷ˼ǵȷΪʬΪԺ׼㣬׼
ԥˣֵطһܹɵģҲһԻǱضųԶĴ㣬Сӻ
֧飬ʱ뿪һռضأ
ǴһͨʿླʿʮʿأȻǲ˴˺£ٵʮʱȷЩ˶Զ֮һְЩƷˣʹѶȣ
һ֮˳֮⣬ȫԭ·ɽ֮⣬˸ʬԽɽ£ݻ
ֹʮʱֻо㣬Ԫ棬ոЩʿˣǷ֮˽˵Щ˼ֱ޷ҲһߵĹϢ
Щƺǿд˵ƫƧŻｨʬۣ¿֮ˣȻûʲô
ЦŸ߽ʿϢĸȫǱعȥ
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û˿ԥһ˳
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ʿླʿȫͨʵһ棬Խѹˡ
ԶɽҲԴ£ʿ
³ͻȻЩ˺޷׾ͱԶѹѹ㣬̶̼֮Уһɵı¶ûзӳԩξˡ
Ϊ⾪ԷĴ󲿶ӣȻжݱݣȫȻû֡
Ӧͨʿ̱ѶѴϢͬ飬ȻԶɽѷһıֱӰ˽ȥȻϼ֣׹Ǭһ㣬ӰۣϢҲ


553 鱨ϣ
̶̲ʮϢʱ䣬Щʿ㱻ɱȫûз֮
һЩѾεʬмȥħƸո˯һ㣬ҡҡλε߶
ʬʱɢϢ
ýţʬѡֹվʿʵӣҪҪˣ
ûбҪǣ߰ɣкܶҪ
һۣ˵
Ҳ֪ʲôҪǶһͬȥڸɽв跨ȻǱȴԷ
һεļƻȴ취ԸһȺˣɱ˶ᱦСƣɫɼԷʵпܻ÷²̽ʳǽļƻôࡣ
ǰԷıǺ֮ˣڴɱ¾ħʬʬܣΪľӽ֮ʱʤ㣬ʬжóʬʬûйЩȫһ֪ҪԷ²Կʣ֪ܵ
ϣԶɽȥΧĪǧ֮ʿˣҲԴͨʿǰͨ棬һʮԷѾֻʣʮ֣֮ͨıƴѾʮþȡ
ǶʮླʿԼʮʿΪɵȻǲֵͨĶ֣վҲϳʿν϶ҧĪǧһ³ǶȻܵġ
Զɽվҹӣһ˵õʹʿ޸ˣǶǳ߹У˷żڵͨʿླ񾳹³ʿſҲһѣԴ˶ʮˣǾɲһ͵Ϯ֮ͻȻɱȫȲʤȯʧ̫
Ի׽Է죬ǾͺðˣǴпԲ񡣡뵽˴ɵ˵
İɣֻҪлڣһջģʵûлҲ޷ҴһȺſ֮Уóѻһֶͨεģڲ֮ǰҲոմӱɱʿеõϢȷЩ֮ڻ᷵أѲʬ۵˵
ἰ˴ҲɵЩźʿϾΪ̫ͣϳҲûдﵽӵͨʵĻſȥͨʿл꣬Եõ鱨ضԶС³ʿϵõĶࡣ
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𵤣Ԫ񡭡飡
˽𵤴̹ͨ;
֮ʿѾԵΪأǰ֮֮У۷ˡ
ֳƷԪһ˿ڷģڵ֮С
ߣһ仯ǧʿ̤ϵ;ĸڣ˿ڷ˱Ԫȱ޳Ԫ
ԺУӿҪͬʱҲףԼǲһҪķˮ룬۷ˡ
ͺñǷʦޣȫԲϢҲԪת䣬һɹʦͬѰʦ
Ļ˵Ǵﵽһȫµľ磬ԺնҲƾ跨ϵ˲Ϣܻ֮ˣӵ˵ͨȻ޵У龳ʿȫ޷в
ͬʱﵽླҲ԰Լ⣬ǿͨطֻҪΪݵģлﵽģ¿๦³ɣܣκѪǵƣ
˵˷ླܳƵĸ߽ʿϳʿ
ȻʿҪܹΪǿߣҲǴﵽླɣϾûѪǵƣҪʩչһЩͨ緲٣˶лҸͶ𣬻ԼʵۣȴϵڱҪȨԼֶȥ£ȴǸʿԡʱӵԭһЩ޷ӵеɡ
磬һʿҪӵʥȸһ츳ླ֮ǰﵽླ֮跨ŪȸѪȸ࣬ˡ
˵ɣʿ̥ǵĿʼ
ǰҸĸѪͷȻѳɾ͵壬ȴƣȴлһˡ
ᣬÿ۳ԼҪķ࡭࡭ҵķʲôأ
ͻȻЩã
ǰ˳ĸѪ޷ѡ񣬶ʿƿԼУȴл취֮ʱĻԼѪԼླûκεѡһʱ֮䣬ЩԾ
ӣôˣ
ɫԣҲɵÿ
ţôһͻȻȵ㾹Ȼ۷࣬Ҫɾͷླˣ
ԼҲǹˣȻóڴһͷĹؼʱ̣Ҳֻʱ̣ϲŻӿֳɼһģһͺƵġ
ϸʵϻЩ΢ģһ֮ʢ˥һɣ֮ʢ˥ϣƽϢһ壬֮ˡ
Ҳֻдﵽһ֮նϵ壬ܳɾ
ѾﵽླĹˡҵķƺЩ֡
ӦһͻȻоһûаѺ˵ֻĬĬص
֮УһĻľ
ȻЩͼڡ
ģԭ춦ϵͼڣ
Щͼڣе棬еĽǣҺ֣еβеββ֮⣬һЩߴɽ֦ѾïһľڿУһĸƼҲ̾ɽӵĸ٣һĻ䡭
ͷۣüۣ˫ޱ壬һЩɽ£ֺǿգ磬Х˷ϫؼĸۣҲһһ֡
·ִ֮䣬С
ûм˵ķģѲɣΪҰ춦Ϊ֮ϵ£
ɵûɡ
ӦҲû뵽ᷢ顣ȥķ࣬ɺģ
Ȼ³ԭ򣬲ԵЩǣΪûм˵ķྐྵģģһԣʿķ඼ǾĶ˻޻ħԼ֮ֻһڣĪĴڣһͬ֡
Īǣҿѡһ֣ɷࣿ
ԼоЩ춦ԭڶеĴڣ춦̺ǵľˣ뾫Ѫһ㣬Ϊ۷ӣʱ֪춦жҲЩԥ
ˣûиоΣգһԣ


556 򣬷ླ£
ڴˣ˸ɽͷ
ϣѪҪչزһڴΪһ˵
ʿͻ֮ʣĸо쳣Ҫ˷ʱ
ģڣЩħġϵ˵ͷ
˵ȻΣķǺǲǵֻ֮ҪСһЩͲ¡
ϵĶԻȻûʣҲ֪ҪԾطɵɽͷռһλ
ʱССɽ룬˴ͨʿػɭϱһ㡣
Լ֮С
Щֻ󣬾ԪͶӰû뵽ȻЩ
˵ЩʿϹѪϹҲ졢̵̫̳ͨԶֳܹһЩѾֳ
Ӿ˵ޣ󣬲һ㡣
ʿľħ֮󣬽ͨУһżĹ
׸ô
ʱЩΪѵģûоླȻ֪
Ҳ֪ڵʱڳԶʱɾɣҲͥ⣬òޡ
£伮Ҳ˲٣ѵ࣬رģ仰˵ƾֱҪ۳ɺͨ㰴Լȥɣߣ۷ҲһһϦ֮£Щʿ԰϶Գɹֻһ˿ླͷһܹɹأҵǾãʧҲҪ͵ȡһξ飬Ϊˡ
ӣл㡣ӵѣʱ۾һ
һȥ١
ҲգǾ͹һ԰ɡ
˼ٴγ
һΣ·˷ľʧˣϺҲʧԪƽһжڼž
֮䣬еһжʧֻʣԼ
ƽڰ֮Уһ뵵·بһ㣬ڰصĵ
һ˲Ųһ㣬˹ȥ
ʱûиӦԼ˶ƻһƹ꣬޼Ӱ١
ͼֱۣӴһʱһɱǵĺ⣬ͻȻӿͷʱӦԼƱһа㣬ʶ𽥱ģ
جج֮䣬ƸоԼһͷɣޣһƽľʯϡ
ĵ˵ʵ뵵ĺڰҲ·һƬĺ̶
̶žʯΧ롣
·ԼԺ֮У಻ԼʶһЩʲôϸ̽ȥȴôģ֪Ϊ
У
ͻȻԾطһܵĹ̶ը͵رըˮȻһ̣ǧˮ׵ͣ˲䶳˼ʵĺ
һ̣˱鲼Ķ츣֮С
һΣע⵽ԼȻΪһͷۣڰİͻͻϣһ
𣡡
ͻ۾𣬶ĵۺȻһ⡣
¡
ܵĲ·ɳѻһ㣬˲һ޺֮촷ۣһ̺һּΪͨ
ת֮ͻѾһӲˣټĴ˲Ϣ֮㱻Ϊƽء
ȻָоԼΪͷ۵ľˡ
վһɽ֮ϣ߾˫֣ŭš
Ⱥɽ֮У֮˷·ڻӦŭ
ʱͻȻ֮䣬һ
ڴ˷ȻԼľˣûб䵹ȴһץס·ץסһ֧Ͷĳìһ㣬ֱ˻
ӿ׹֮У̺޾ĻϢھƿ֮£ȴѱĸû˿춯
ѱңɾȻͬϢͬʱͻأسھУֱ֧ìһͶ
䣡
޴ĸɽ˲ӿһǿҵ׹⣬һ̣ɽΪƽء

ϵر任š
ǰľҲһĻһĻر任š
Щ任ƺֻҪʶһܿлһٴΣû˿ظҲ·иԼƾǧֻһ㣬ϵػΪָޣСɳ棬ϣ󵽰ɽľˣޡ
Щ仯Ĳһ⣬ȫӵһ쳣µ츳ͨԶǵʿȡ
ǿЩ󣬲ΪλЩ͵һţȴȻ
֮УԶ֮ǰһƬ磬֮֡
ʼ̫һ֣½ٽ֮ݱΪ
Է֮䣬Щ֮ڵǷĪ⣬Ȼͬڽʿԣݱ׷Դȴǿ֮ǰ컯֮ݣһ֣С
Ҳ֪ǿΪǱֵַͨš
Ǽ壬Ӧأں֮£ѶϢ
ֻҪ֮飬޵гɣʵпǧ򻯣תģǵıʽԴһֻߣ˵֮ı仯
˿˵идֻ֮󣬵˵˼ȳ֮󣬽ϽླӦ
Щֻһ˿пܽǹɳ֮ʱӵе֮ھģ£ʹԼ귢ͬ仯
ݴţݻ仯ǧླ仯ֱ֮仯û֮Ի˸йۣԼ仯ΪˡǹԪʲ仯
ʴˣླ۳ķ࣬ŻᱻʿΪϷǱӸһ
ʵҲǸһֻ֣ԶȼʵķിѣҸĵ뢣ҲڶȽ֮󣬽Լ֮֮ܳܵУʱһۻҪǿķҲҪĪֻͨҪھ֮ϲɼȻЮ֮һˣɱκԲ¸֣
Щ˼ƺָо֮иУԼڤڤ֮УԼ̺Ӷ֮ɷࡣ
ôȡһֺأ
뵽Ҳɵٴԥˣһβûԥ̫ãܿҪѡѡ͵ͨǿķ
ҪǷޱߣͨ
˷࣬ܿ䣡
иոնͷʱ򣬷·УǧͻȻ羵飬׷׻ޡ
ǹڰƬڰڼ䣬ǰȴһ
һ޶
һͨ쳹أߴ޷ľ޶
ֱ֪ôԼǰ̧ͷ֮ʱֻһƬ֮У·ԶҲͷϣЩ󣬻þȫͼ̣
ÿһͼ·ǧɳÿһ֣ա
⡭ǡ
΢΢ſڣĸоȻ˿̣ʶӦõԼڣȴ֮У޶ҵҡ
ʵ֮Уڤš
ͻȻɫԽԽŹ֣üͷҲȻšԽԽֱһϢ֮۵һһѪ͵˳
Ӿ
ӣҲһһĨڵľæ˹
ӣôˣ
𾪣ƺû뵽Ȼؿڳ
ҡû¡һֻоؿͣһζȵѪԻǼš
嵹û飬һƬңʲôԺ͵һǡ
ϣҸղ߻ħˣЩɣʵ
ⲻܣླ޳ɣʿˮɵĽͷȻﵽܹ۷ľأȻɣʲô߻ħ֮˵ǿ϶ػشһ漴ԴɵӣĪǣûдﵽͻƱԵ
Ҳ֪Цһ
εĲüͻȻϡͿԼ֪ûгɹ۷࣬˵ղЩǽҪ۷ģȴ֪ΪΣǳǧ֮࣬Ҹۻһ㣬ĪԺ
һϣϣ㵱ླ֮ʱʲôܣ
ҵ֮ʱԷںһħ֮ѪȻһԶħͼ룬֮ܳԶħ֮࣬ƽ˶֣Ƕ֣Ҳֳ
ϵĻʱף֮ʱḶ́ԼȫȻͬ
Ͻ֮ʱƺһ˳û˿ĳ֣ƼĻ۵ķ࣬ҲӦڵһ֮ʱɣӦԻһӰ۷꣬ʿһ
ǰ˼ˡ
ʱͻȻ¶ɫƺһ˿̫϶ӣ㡭ɹˣ
ҳɹˣЩ㵵
ҸоϵƺѾطླˣ
ȽϤԵĳ˲ûע⵽ԼϵϢѾȻ˸ı䣬ʱҲŷ֣ƺĶһɲͬ
Ƿʶ߹ϵศأûǿʶ޷תӦķӦģûǿķҲ޷꣬ӵǿʶԵԽʱ߼ͬȻƽġ
ԭƵڶܹתǧһԾǧһǧ֮ࡣ
ȻһƬĪĻҡ
ԭΪ߻ħĻңһӦȴܹ֣Լû˿飬Ժ֮жѶϢרעУĶʶһ㣬
Իա
ȸӦһɹѶϢԻգ̫źʱʥһǿħܺ绽꣬ɷһˮͨ㣬ܹӳصʵ
Ѷ˼˵һķͨ仯Ϊշ࣬Ժ绽꣬ɷ
һ˿ɻԾԿ
ֻȫϢޣĪһʵı֮䣬ɽ֮һȻһͷľ޴ǰ
⡭һͻȻ¶ϲɫȻǷ࣡ӣɹˣ
ȷǷ࣬˱࣬ȻҲס
޳˷ླǡ
ģͻȻӿһĪϲá
û뵽ǧʿ޳֣׷ãȴһֱԸͻƵķླȻױ㱻ԼͻˣԼͻƵླľĪƾһһ㡣
ʱĸоԼ˯һ֮УεԼֹȻӵֹ֮ͨ󣬱ʵӵ˱ΪЩͨ
ⶼ춦ϵģ𶦸Ҵġ
УһĪĸ
ͻȻʱֲ֮еһЩѶ
ʲôҵķྐྵȻֹһôܣ
ʱд󾪡


557 ׷Ѱϣ
ྐྵȻֹһ
˾κһ㣬þ޷ƽ
û˵
Ȼûླвٷླϵĸ֣λ᲻֪༴Ƿ൱ʿﵽһ֮ȴ®ᡣ
緲ֻһһ꣬ȻҲӦֻһ
ʿླܹ֮ǧ򻯣ͨҲѰǣѪƣȻվֻѡȡ֮һб仯һ۳Σ޷ġ
ͺ˻ĸΪ̥ʱĿлģ֮һΣǳ˶ˣȻȥ
зɿ˼ţлѶ֮С
ǳһʿ۳ķˣôδα仯ˣһʿķħһֱħ񣬶Լ仯Ϊһշࡱ̥۳ΣѶϢȴԸԼпӵ޵ı仯ңԱ仯ԶԶֹһ֣
ֻеʿֻеʿܻǧ仯ˣ
ʶɿɨһ£Ȼ֣ЩԺѶϢǰ춦еͼڣһЩ֮ǰɱ۶ȻС
⵽ô£𾪡
⼸Ѿڵ뢵ˣпúܣֻе뢲ܹһġ
ǧǧĿ𣿡
òף΢ϸ˼
ȻЩԼ֮ǰ춦йأ춦Ҳȷһ֮󣬾ȻЩıԡ
ӣǳʲô⣿仯֮󣬾þ޶ϲɵõǵʵ
ʲô£ûȥ
޷ֻǸոսδƿѣپһʱϰߣƿˡ΢һ㵴졣
Ǿͺã츳ǷȻ̵֮ʱɽһĨɣңһ۷ֱ࣬ӱǰ˰ϵķ߶ȣԱ֣ͨǲ˼顣
ʱһշ࣬߶а˰ɣҲȷ㹻Ӵˡ
ʿԽӴ󣬴ͷҲԽǿᣬֻܹǧʿӵӴķ࣬Ѱķླʿɶ
ϴҲ˵ԭֻǱ΢ҵõŸƸǡԣЦҵķȷǱȳۻһЩ
˵գͻȻתԦո͵ķ
ǽʵ֮Ļһںһ㣬ȻȴоӴ磬·籩ǿ
𣬾ǧοıܣͻȻһ飬ͺһűز˷õ
Ȼպ׵˺ѿ

շ͵ſڣһ
Ԫʱ쳤ӣԴԴϵӿȥ
շ츳֮һԪ
ʱ֣Լܹ˳Ԧ࣬ͬЩ
֮»ָȴûаԼܹٱ仯͸¶
֪Լй±֪أȴǲΪ˵ҲȻЭԼſֵͣΣЩ˽Ҳܱܱ㾡Ϊá
Լܹ֮ླѾ漣ˣٱ¶֮»ɡ
ãûд󰭣ҸղŲΪԼ߻ħˡ
ָ֮һԼ״̬岢ûд󰭣ɵһ
ͬʱַ£Լֻ࣬Ǽһͨû˶ȴϵķ
¶֮ҪķѵķԶҪöࡣ
ҪڼϰӦһͨ
а
ʿû춦࣬ҲܹӦһӴģ֮ʿ껹Ƿۺһ壬֮ʱҲԶƽҪö࣬ȻǾ෬ϰʺϡ
һԼȳ˸࣬ҲûʲôɱԹġ
ֹ˼ա
ڻصˡ
ϣո·һȦ֮ᰵϡ
ڷϣ׵˺ɵǰӦ޻껣ƽˣҲЩظԱߡ
ôһпɻ˳𣿡һ
˳ͷİɡ޻Դпص
һΣͶ㹻֮ȴǽǵʬƽ׬˲ٵɡ
Щ˱³˵ɢޣƽҲû̫׬ȡĻᣬӶýͰ͵ģһ׬ʮ̯ÿϣҲ࣬ˣǲүޱȵľ
ܺãĹؼڼչʬĿ֧ܹ׬Ǯӯܹ࣬ĻȻٲǵĺôص
ʵҲ̫˽Ŀ޻һǾ£Ҳ˼꣬ĲûǮнࡣ
ӣǰ顭
ʱ򣬺׵˵
΢΢ͷʱգȷǽǺе쳣
֮޻£ֻϣ׵˺ɵˡ
һӣиħࡣ׵˵￴˻ջǺеϢҲ˽⣬ڹɢҥԣ˵ԶʱڵۡЩħǰȥȻ޷ֻͣƾЩħʿʱ򣬿Ϊ֮
ʹһУȷǲöԸ
У漰ħ㣬ɹҺңҲԸĪ䡡ǰ㣬ԸħӣΪѡ
Ƕ֮ٽǼ˶סˣȰǰ̽յĵȵܹ֮ʱضνۡڡ
ӣҵã鲻طգ繫Ѿ鱨أ浽֮ʱܻϡѵ
Ϊռ磬ɹҺңԶĪ䡡ʹɱ֣ΪҶֻǻȪţԪڣѪħ̵ŵ֮һǣҲ⼸ңαǼٴϢħӣȴҲнǧ֮࣬ʵһ޴鷳
֮Щ˵Ĵڣȷһ޴ıȻǵ֮һȫߣҲܣħɵķУƽˣռ磬ҽķչҲΪ
Ӧ취ֹһȺˣҲΪ幱ס
ú׵˺ɵ˳¼һͼЩħӻķΧȻ
ϵ˶ûдǸߣṇ̀ܽǸûΣҲκж
ҹ˾һڿջָ
ıȻΪҲԼֻ֣һӵ챦ʱԲ侫ˣܹʢľ
˿̣뷻һɽ鷨ࡣ
֣Լķಢʿһ㣬ֻӵһȴ̺ǧ򻯵Ŀܣһ㣬ֳܹ໯
춦УȻһһֳ
ɵʱ֮ѹɽ塣
ܹ仯
ӹһ˿𾪣ͬʱҲڵļ
û뵽ԼֻзླΪȴܹһ㣬ӵǧ򻯵ҸΪصǣ뢶޷仯ַ࣬Լȴˡ
Щ࣬ͺһһߵķӵżΪô

ͻȻ߷ɣ͵
ণ
еļԶգͻȻӿһĺɫƣϸ˿ȴŨ

ӰͻȻʧԭء
ת֮ʮ⣬֣ܿٴʧԶȥ
̶ʮϢɳ˰ࡣ
Ƿһоֻ࣬һͷĺڻͣ
𣡡
ͻͷŭ𣬵յÿһ
ʱ֣ԼЩ࣬Ȼʿķвͬ
ǵ뢵Ļһ㣬ܹ仯ǧȴû򷨹һԣǵ뢵Ļһ㣬ȫںڱ֮ϣңЩֱ仯ͬʱʩչֻڱ֮ʱ֡
Ҳ˵Щ⻯ֻǱ仯֮ʱѡѣˣҲоǰ;ԶԶԽһӵеķࡣ
Ǻð仯ҵʵܹһ
˿̣ķʱֻһǧţǰԼҲδضùԼ
ϵҲ֪ҹࡣ
ǶԴ˵ǲΪ⣬ϾոսླҪϤ۷࣬α仯Ҫʱ䣬Ҫһܹʹ÷ٴĻʱ䶼δعá
޳ĵʱ侫ָˡ
Щ֣ʿˮĥ򣬸иá
ӣҪȥЩĵ𣿡ӷгǰʵ
˼Ǽֻȥ棬ϾǵԲɣûбҪȥˮ
Щ˲ôãȥεɣȥһҪ顣Ц˵
еʱʵѾãһˡ
Ŷʲô飿һ˿档
ȥݻʣµĸʬۣ˵
ǻǵλЩʬۣǼħɸˣɣǾͱھݵķΧԲ򡣡˵
Ǵӷ²е֪鱨֪ĸʬʮȻ󣬱Ǵݻʮʣ¶ʮ
ǶʮУʬǿʬģпܱڴӪУʮʮܡʮ㣬ǳ϶˵
ӣô֪Ͼʵ
Ϊߣóռ֮ȫȻûиӦ治֪Ϊš
Ҳ³ġȴЦϣռԣ˿ҵĳҲŰɣ
ϵ˵ͷ
ǰΪֲҩ֪һ֮ĵرǲֲùܼģܼû㹻ֺʧգʬֲҩͬȴͨģǺĴɼҩʦԷʬǽ֮ʬȫһĻƳɿһõʬпܱһѶ˵ƽա˵
ţ⵹ǡһ
Уֲ㣬ֲܰʬ֮ȫһܵҸȫصĵطɣүүҪͼʱħӵĶ򣬲ΪЩӱΪ֪̽Էʬ֮ء
νȫصĵطǺУǻɽҰ룬ûжʿԸȥĵطҪȻ̶̾ѨҲոߵ֮ȥԣȫųЩʢϺĵرĵطΪעһЩƶ֮ء
⣬ЩǰȻԼҪڲܵĵطˣЩӵĶ򣬱õָ


558 ׷Ѱ£
һŵ֪ҪѰʬ֮أѪı
˼ܣҲҲϲɵ̾
ʱҲ÷ˣֻȦһЩţеӳûյȻһЩ
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ħʿԿȱʧ©˹ȥзླ֮ϵĸ֣ҲٹǷģԻ
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ֻһħʿ֮ǿ֮һ㱻ֽɱʱȴû˿ԥͣͣħʿȥ


560 ˵У£
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˲ţϡƽӹʵ˸еìܡ
Ϊ֮ڣǲͨʿרΪսɱеʿƽͨһеһУΪս
ս֮УǱ˴֮Ĭϣ׺Ķ־伫ֶΡȫԶԶʤƽʿûбսηųûۣûеǷͷʧĺ֮ǣһУʹʵ޷Ŵ󣬶ѹһĸ֣֣ʵƽ룬һʿˡ
ħħ࣬ʱͲͬĺ󳾣һֺϻ÷ǡ
ƽʿû֮߳ģҲЩΪֵİǣλŵ͵ϮǷΣ˰ǣҲδܹ죬ЩСһ׺ϻ֮ˮʩչ
ܳϣ
̶ʮϢڣͨͨʿɱħɵøεѡ
ôҲû뵽ЩͻȻɱˣȻ˿¡
ߣǿ֮һΨһʣˣ𾪵˵
⡣
ǵϻռţ龳ʿսԶԶδʱ̣ɱȴħʿˡ
ӣҪˡע⵽Щ˵Ķϵѵ
֪أӰɡ˵ҲԼһȺԺЩʿִܶԷȴ޷֮ȫߣȥΪá
ǣɱʿħԦŷԶݣҴȥˡһ۽ս
λѣлǳ
էΣ֮ѳ˻Դż𺳣ȫԭΣһȴֲɵӲͷƤ˹ڳл
ǲ֪мͬʱȻż־衣
Уƶѱ棬һԼıǺˣЩḻǰ֮ʱʵǼ̫෭˵ˣˣȫҴ⡣
أҲΪ⣬ֻЦλǰˣҵȷͬţӦǣ²ᡣ
һʱ˺øжֻǹĳƺɵЩǣǡ
Ŷ˵һ£ǳɹŵ֪λǡ
ɹŵӣ
Աţϣɵ÷һ˿Źֵɫ
Ȼŵӣླ˶ŵӣⲻ
ʵҲ֪һЩ⣬һЩŸոս죬Ϊŵ֮ʱֻϽŵڽŵ֮ڣΪͻͽ͹׶㣬͵ϸҲûгײ壬Ҳױ䶯
λԳŵӣԱ˼ʶ㣬һ㻹Ǻײµġ
ĪǸҵӵܣʱҲע⵽ϣа
ӦòвλкȣӦӵɡ
˵ң֮ҲеϾ뢲ô׳ֵġ
ǰ˵֮ǰҵΪˣңȷδǧĳȻλˣݳȻά϶пܡ
ңǳɹ֮һ
Щ˲֪ǼūͳҲţ˼֡
ĵλʵһӵҲǿ̫ˡ
ߣȻ֮ĸ֣ҿӶµĲĹһ࡭ע⵽̬վλɰԾٽԱţʱ㽫ĳһλϵĹУвɵԽ
˵ΪųϣλԶԶŵĵݣ緲䣬ӵְλҲԴְλʱĹϣǾǰʲôϼӵģһųϣûиҲֻǳ϶ѡ
Ҫ֪ڳЩʿÿһʵսΪһЩ
ҵԴɹȷ빫һ㣬ŵͬšΪҲ֮ǵݡ
ɹɹһ㣬žŴɹ֮һЩ˵Уûһӵܣеֻչȵһȼӵܡ
ˣϴһ˿΢ЦԭǴɹĸλˣΪȺħҿɷƺг𰡡
ҲǼɡ¶һ˿Σ
Ȼ̰ͼ˶Էʬ
һЩӼ϶˹ЩζƺݲҲס˵
֮еĲ˶ǵһγûź;ӢûǲµģҲһЩǿΪĵ
ϣϺֳϲˡʱһʿ򹬳
ӣ㿴⡭¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ
޷λʲô飬ȥǣ˵ز˾֮ǻǾ̰ɡʱǺò̫ƽһͬΣȥ˵֮ķС
ķС
һȻЩ죬ղžǣҲûж롣
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ҲˣҲҪȥǴ˵
֪ȲµǵĶἰǰУһͬУȻȻ
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ӣǰδ·ϣϵ˽һ˽ӵ֮ϡ
Ҳ̽Ķ򣬶ʵύһ
ʵΣȷΪۡϵĴ̽Ȼ˵
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ۡȷһȥзɵֻűǿһ졭ƺҲôף׷Ѱۡʿ֪ȴһֱûȷʵλڡ
ϼƺۡĸȤӣҲɨ£ֻ޵ѵ
ǣЩм֮⡣
ǺǣϿǾã̫翣ƺڱƶĪЦһ
ţ΢΢һЩߡ
λӸƺ֪ʲô飿


561 ţϣ
ããǺ֮Уһұٷɳۡ
ұǴɹϵУһɱ֮ǼΪƣͽţΨץʱ뿪
ǴУĿĵһ֪СһУ̻ƼĵرͬʱҲвٵ鵤Իɲ˵
ӣǹ롣
ϣһŮӯӯʩĿ֮УԼź档
ͯˣǹȥ΢Ц
Ůͯ壬ͬеһλͯճϵŮ
һŵӣȴӢţΨһ֧ѪˣŮǼΪء
ͯϲƽĵرȡԼΪת͸ҲΪˣ֮ǰɱ֮УŻ˾޵ı֡
ͯ񣬲ɵ˼ֺøУ΢΢ͷȥ
ʱ򣬹ϵѾʰ˲оֻ֣սƷֵˡ
˵ɱ˶ᱦҲмΪĵñֶΣΪʿĴƮ㣬ǬȱѴƸͷߣ֮ʱҲ֮֡
ȻҲ֪еҲ֪Щħʿױ㱻Լɱ϶ûر֡
仰˵ЩսƷУʲôöҲһгֻ龳ķѡ
ӡǰϵһ˵ȶվ
ղȫʩȣһȺ˲ŵѣûбħʿ¾ħű֮빫ЦɡϿżɽ˵
λ̫ˡǺЦͬѶʩԮ֣岻ݴ֮£αл˵ҲûʲôʧЩսƷΪá
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Ļ˲ɰԾ棬ĺøȴٶȰθ
治ҴӵܰȣѰȡ
ӣôʹãôæĲɱ˳ɵ
ĲأλȡðɡЦеؼš
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һƴ֮󣬹ϵվֲֻýϵļսƷȴλҴĹԽˡ
ĵŵӣûټˬ󷽣ȷǷģ治֮£ԼУƽصļλŵӣμ穡
Ϊȣȫûпɱԡ
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һۣ˴ж¶һ˿صЦ⡣
֮С
ʱ˫ѾԱ˴˶˽⡣
֪ϵǴɹһųµͽͽ
νţҵŷԣѪԵϵȴֹϵߵһ
֮Һͺ֣֮ǰ߱һ㣬ԳһߣҪһЩ޸ȴгɵʿɡ
гɣűһ֧ҲԷչΪңѪ㣬ûϳʿʵ͸Ҳֻܳ뵽ңΪЧˣֻߣȥʿˣŵıӻ
Щ˱һɢ޸еö࣬ҲŴɵӵţҲע⵽޹÷ֻչȵӵ÷ֵӵвƸڡ
ʱϵҲѵ֪ȷǳɹҵһӵܣͨʿ
ļΣǲ²ͨʿ൱ʮڼƵĲƸȻЩҼҴҵ󣬵Ҳÿһӵܶõ׷ߣضǵϵɡ
ңпѪΪĵϵ
⵱ȻһᣬҲ˵š
ȵ˶ִﷻ֮ʱһˣѾΪˣΪųϵĹϵˣΪء
ӣʲô㣿ǵ֮ʱʵ
ǾڷΪһ󣬲Ƿֵ𣬸
ڻмʱ䣬༸콻飬Ҳʲôʱõϡ
ΪųϣȻı
ʵΪ׷Ѱ֮ۡ󣬱Ҫǰеķ֮ˡ
ţĻɵ΢΢һ
˸Ͷޣʱֿ
ϼæټͬеļϺͿ䣬ʵõ˵˳
λӣȻҪ֣ۡ㲻˵Ǳضڰƶɢҥ𣿡ʿһϡ
ǰЩӣǺв֪ΪΣŷۡĴţʱδδܹҵػĹؼˣҲԵý
ŲûʱŶţȴԽԽˣָյؿ֤˼λԶʱڱǣ֮ȴҲУض˹ƶ
пܣⲢһıأǾĲõ塣
Ҳ֪ҲǹϢ֪ͨһЩΪ֪ŰɡճЩȷŵص
ԼķΪţҲ֪ӵܵϢԴԼ֪ЩҲʲôŴ©ˡ
Ǿһ飬ӦôϿһۣЩ޵ѵӴУƺۡһΪģѲɣǸϢģ
ʦ֣ѵҲȥˮɣһҪ˼ƣǲ
ô˵ۡһѱ棬ûȥһôܹȷǱ˵ıһۡлѰɵûȥ̽һ̽ǲʧ
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ӻὫʵʵ𣿡ǰ˻Щǡ
޷ҿӲС֮ˣ̹ʵĻǵġһ޳ǰȥĳ˵
һھɸǰȥһΪãʲôԶűϢֲ֪Ļʵһʧ෴ܹλӽǰУĿ󷽣ضԼһˣ㲻֮رҲȫԴһʺơ
ӣ㽻飬ѷԸȥȺɢȥˡ
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ϵ˵


562 ţ£
ڷӣܿȥˡ
Ը˹νҥ֮󣬱һֱڵȺϢͬʱԼȥİá
ϳ棬̥֮仯ʿģһЩεǺиɢɢµҥԣ֤Թϵһԡ
ЩµҥԣȻĪ䡡ɹʧܣ֮±ҥԣħʿǰ
ʵϣϢа˳Ϊ棬ںǰûй֮⣬һУҿ
ЩʬҲûзŹ
ҥһȻڽԻȻҶû뵽ԼǰǺðյϢȻ⼸ħųģյԼɹԣֱд
ȻͬʱҲЩŭ󵼵ĺɵӶףȻ֮ģǵطʲôվԼһȺˣҪΪǼħ̽·ʯˣԼǰ࣬ԷȴںˣȫȻΪ¡
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ʦܺʦܵĳһҪ
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ȥӣܷһԸħ
ϴһ˿ڵŭ𣬶˵
ϣҪһͬУһߣ֪ܿ˹ϵ˵⣬¶һ˿ΪѵɫҲǲУֻ¹ɸ£ﲻͬ⡣
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Źϴʱ˵Щ˾þȻףʲôܹ֣ʲôܲ֡
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Ҳã취һ¼壬ܷǲ
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ʱҲֻΪҪЩʿԸħû̫Զ
֮˾ӣȫָ˷Ԫٶ̤г̡
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ȥȥɶȥɣЩʲôҲãʱҪ̫ףپܾҲ٣Ǵطţ취Ѷ磬濴ţҲҺ
ʵЩӵµҪƴħʿһԼûʲôʧȴ۽淢飬µҲҪ浽ȥǺǵȣ˹ͬ´󹦣ôֱ棬ȣҲδɡ
ҲֻˣЩӵܻ治ס
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Щˣеϸֱ棬еȫҵ


563 ʤϣ
֮͹һ˴ԭķŸ
һƬ򣬱ϴηħʿݵĵطǸܻʿѾȷǵϳڡ
ҪˣҸطͣɡ
ո·˶ЩƣˣԼһͣ
ֽ֮ͣһǷпֵܳħʿɢʿȻڴ˵ϮĿ̫ܲ󣬵ҲȻҷɾ衣
˿̣֮гϣϵ֮⣬һЩССɢ޺ʿǶһУµĴԶ
Щʿʵݬ룬Ѳ񵱳һ㣬ʵ߳нֹӵȣħݵǰǱ֣Ҳ˿ģΪԽ࣬һˮҲԽ룬ԷҪǱ±Ƿ֣ƻ˽Ĵ¡
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ֱ񣬶һЩʿ˷
УĳطԶżʲôĵرһˣҪñǾ;Ϣ©һ©Ȼһʮʮ٣ֵܿ½֪˶һѷˡ
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ƾһҲûиһȥֻǵҾĿԴˣҿʲô취ܹת֮ĸ֡
˵һ仰ʱĵףٻЩģǰǺ֮ʱҲ˽֪һ޸ӵܣΪضܴ뼮ȫһŮλС
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ҳԼ֮⣬գЩˣƾʲô͵ϵӵܾ
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564 ʤ£
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ླħת࣬޴ƶɿϣҲˮС䰫ĳࡣ

ླʿֲҽУ񣬳š
ôҲû뵽ǰ˿ΪԼ޼ȴת֮䣬ͽԼͬնɱҲն롣
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˵һɽŲͬԭһĵħʿҲܻӪˣ򵥵ʾûУҪ˵ֽգԪȵ󡢾ɱˣ֣ͨһʱ侹ɱ˸ȥ磬ػħʿԵЩ޲ߡ
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ѾһɼΪӴˣУһЩС㳲û˵ʵ
ܿ죬Щ˱嵽յͬһɺ͵Щɢҵħʿм䡣
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һңϣȷòصټϣ徫񼸺ʧǸβЩ㡣
Ī˵òڲ׷ʱ¹ѣǻپΪáƲ֮Ǻãһ˵
ᵽ˴˲ɵóĬˣǸղŭĹż棬ҲɵһĿ˸֪Щʲô
ãżŵͨʿ˴󵨣һΣضǼʿ͵Ϯǲ֪Ͱ׼ʮûУ
棬׼ʮ棬ǿɶԲʿеľﰡһ̾ǵʵҲˣֵܵһңλ֮⣬ǼķǼλΪ뢣һϳʿҲӵϵľͨȻǿƥеġ
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ΪԲʿԶͽ׵Ӹ뢵ֻ֮ǵ뢵һ񾳻ҲǲСӵģȻܵͨʿ
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ԣҲͬڲϧЩӵʱ򣬻ǾתǵΪϡ
Ҳֻˣǳʦδݣһݵ㣬ҲҪʧͷʬǼҸûʤˡãЩʬҲֶΣ⼸ңֻҪŲƷܹ˳ɣħ֮ض԰ǼҸϳ磡ֻһʱϷҪиˡ
ɫ죬֮Уȴ͸¶˸Ϊصı


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ѱ鵺ȺɽϿȣԲʿĵطһ
Щ鱨֮еĵˣ·ͻȻƾʧˡ


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Ѳ죬ҲҪҳǵ䡣һԤУǲûԶЩҪҲô׵ġ˵
⻰ƾҲţֻ֮󣬻ǲҡҡͷ
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ԶԶȥǻĸɳĮһ㡣
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ЩǸղǰȥ£ȴ֮ħʿǱоԼƭܵĪίһȴˮһǡ
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չĻĵԵЩǽ壬ʿһüһѰ֮Ѱһص֮ͨ󣬷ֱж졣
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У̽գʱʿ飬Ȼÿʱỵ֮̈ڲ࣬вʱ򣬻ڶʿԸһƴȥĻǱֻôҹϷֱˡ
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ֵһǣ˵ƽ֣ʵϣΪ͵λϷ֣һԣϳʿɣгʿɣʣ֣Դ˷ϷΣͷҶ԰ۿ߹³ʿС
磬Ϊֱ³˵ʿͬһöֵöϳʿȷǧгʿ٣ʣǧ٣ϳʿֵöǧʮгʿöٶʮ塭
ظϳʿþųɣгʿþŷ֣һͷ³ʿ
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568 Ȩ£
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ȥһ縮У֪Ѱ鱨أ֮ˣһΣÿ˶ǧĹѫ൱׬ؼֵǧĵر
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ǧѫܻ˵ĺôʵԶԶϡ
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ӦħüĿˣϴιħݵ㣬Ѿȥһʱ䣬ӦܲԲ²
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ˣԭЩħݷãı·ͬȥ磬򵥵ظһ䣬ȴʱȣ˵ʲô
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ʱвӵܱټǰһܣЩǰģ϶вʵΪɹ۵ӵܣЩƶֻԵδδܹвģȫûб١
ֹ˲ã֮нҫһǿƣշ·Դ˺ѿ˶һҹյĺڰųڰգ糿أֱκ֮ϡ
λʱ漴ߵϣǰ
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ҵõϢԻȪΪ׵ħʿѾǺһŲƷ󣬴Ӵ֮󣬿ԴԴϵؽ֮ңʿټǶҪԴ˱ǾͷռλΪҵӵܣΪǲǡ
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ԣŲƷ󣬱ܹǿƣĹؼ֮
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˾һһ춯صĲ֮Уоħһơ
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ϸһȴּԭЩ׹Ⲣڽѷıһľ
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ҡضɽѣɽת֮㱻Ϊƽء
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ӵеһٻȽ֮ʱյ֮ԼһΪģ۳ȻϿ߻ϵ˷ͬ䱾ʣȴǲͬն
Ҫ֪֮֮Ƴ򷨣һУʿﵽ֮ʱֻǲһ˿֮İԶԶʤͨʿҪ˵Ƚ֮ʱӦµ֮ס
ʿ޷ֵΨԵʿΪģɳܹܶô֮ͨΪ࣬ʱʩչκֻͨҪûʿһˣǼ֮˲ɱ
ʵҲǵ뢵һ֮Ҫ֪µֻ޳һһصĻҲƾʣӡ֮ͨ㲻٣ҲԲǵʿԳܵģɴ˱лһԽսʤأֻҪĸ֣Ҫ޴ѹƣ
̲㣬ֻôһĻˣȴעȫѪһ㣬ˣɢֻרעڱԸֳ̫
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ѿռı϶˺ˣԳû͵Ϯ
һ±㿴Щ֮£ֻٻ˺֮˳һȺɽȻһһȻĪ֮ڶѸղŻĹħ˽ȥ
ҪԷԲʿ磬ڱ𴦶ֳʤ
ǵȻԲʵ̫󣬹սನС³˸֣Ҳֻϳ˸ܹΪֵЦǵĻ˫ӵܶҪˡ
ʱּ޴ĺӰ𣬷׷ͶǸ߹ħĺڶȴ·ħּƲæǰ


570 ս£
ЩħֶԼһɣ㽫ʹͬΧ֮У³ֻһǱ֮أ
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һṦ򣬳ƱҸֶ֣ˣȻ뵺ʿֱ档
淨ޱߣܽԷԲʿնɱɱ뵺ϣݻٷ󣡡
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ǵץʱˣδܽԷԲʿնɱֵܹĻᣬֻȡʱ䡣˵
ΪӵܣȻͨʿһ㣬ϵ˵ǡ
Ҳ˵ͷղſͶڶ֮еľ޴ʮ𣬶ֻλȻռе뢵ıϾǱ٣ʮʤδ֮
棬׼ʮЩҲԳЭʱ̶Ҫأֹи˺գǿд룬ˣ˿̾ûս֮С
ԼĲϣ洦ɼɽ֮ĽƣֽѾ٣һЩдģҲ޷ڶʿвˣһ·ϾǺ谭
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Ǳߣɽ廷ƣԼɢɽȱǣǰʱ䣬ӵ跨Ǳ˽ȥȷλã
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ܿ죬һϢҲɸ໥֪սÿһ䡣
ȻҲ֪һ㣬ԶɽԪӿʵǸȥɵüͷ΢΢һ塣
ڵĳ棬ɲ֮ǰҵģһƬ𣿼֣ͨ־֮£ҲױΧ䣬Ǵò
еһʿսʤһͨʿͨʿսʤһʿʿ𵤾ʿһս
֮䣬Եʵս֮Уһʵ߳޵еġ
˵˵ʿȣǿҲߣȴ֮ǿ̣ǴԼΪ鵤ҩ
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Щ֣ƽͬһ㶷дʲô㵽Ϊֹ
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תͷȥȴԶɽһǣһȺѪʢϢӿķˣڼᣬɽϣɽ䣬һ֧֧Сľ޴һһصװϣ⬡
ʱɼϢ΢һʿط裬˼֧˾װߣ󣬶˵Ǻϡ
ԶԶǼߣǴпͬʯһľӨ⣬Ȼĵ
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ʱһߣʮӰ˹ȴһͬ˵ӵܣԭɢѰҿԹڣȴ޹ˣʲô취
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Щʿ֮УһԼǸ˶ɽħʿΪڽ𵤾£ֳһֻ֬Сھƿ߸ߵؼ

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ԲʿûнֹһζĪǧĶӻ֮УֹűΧɱʮʵֻܷӳɣټϣʱڳӵܣĪǧҲûпĴԶԶûдʱΣա
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ԭԹżΪԼ๶Ӵƥľ޴йϣֻó涣ҧ벻⣬Ȼһì˲䣬ӴգȻŤ޴ķҲƱϮһỤ̃͵Ťɢת˲֮䣬ʧС룡
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㾹ȻңСڵģżɫȻ䣬ŭ
ͻȻشȻӳսʵҲΪۿűӶҲˣżĵı뾪壬Ѿ׵ȼֻһͷǱɱɱĲɱǰˡ
οһͻȻϮҲдΪ𾪣𾪹ȴӿһļɵ
żзǳһζӶݣ󱳽ҲûʮİձȫԼ
ڣӦúڵŶԣиֹ٣ΪԲ֣ҲҪڴˣʹʹ˶ϣһԷֻתǸ翹֪ڸģС֮࣬ٽ뷨óЦһݺݵв
˵֮䣬ȴѾٴǱ˹֮Уͬʱʶ飺飬ղŽҵʲôȻ˿ֲȻԲʿҲشѵǽף
ǵȷǽףԴϴĿ٣۳׵۷֮֮Уһ䡭
˵΢΢һ٣֮УƺҲ˼غ;η
Һпܣ۴ġ
ۣ𺳡
Զʱ巽ֱۣǶңۣ۳ۣϷۣۣԼɻ֮׵̫ۡ
ۣԶ֮ͥһɻʵԺݣȴҲɹľͷ֮һƽƽͳһľԭѲ뵽춦ԶʱйأҲ²пĳһԶ˵űȴû뵽λԶˣݾԺա
ʵ鵥˵Լ춦пȻȣҲ̫⣬ϾΪ֮һƼֱ׾٣֮еϣǸطȱȻ춦ȻͬŶһ޶ԣŶͨ飬ܼ̳µĴС
ͲһɱȵˣȻԶŴܣطӡǣҲǼΪ֮ľٶԼΪԪҲҪɢ֣൱Լǰ̺͵̣ɾͼ̳ߡ
һԣֻѪף²ӣֵȥ
춦۵ĴУôݣ൱Ůһ㣬ҪŮҪ׽Ͼǿ߿ȢǧŮܼ̳дӡǵģȴ޼
Ȼпܣǽ⴫ӡǷӡڶУԵ֮ˣ̳Լ²͵ͳ
Ҳϳˣϴζ仯ķ࣬ۡʱһֱûгӣͻȻ˵
ϳ˶仯࣬ηϵڲŸҸΪ֪龿Ϊʲôԭܱ仯λڵķ࣬һʲôɣλԶʱͥʦҲҪǻ
ʱ򣬹żҲٴ˵Χ֮С
һΣķشǼСǧɵ๶ޣǷԶԶղţˣԲʿҲǵиֿԶԸģ붡ĽֻԺ֮ʶһ˲æǰ
飬߶ղǹɽףƿظףԲ֣Ҳܳ׺ɱ
ԭƾֵסżĹƣټ˽֮ìһĸʮ㡣
Ҫף׼ֱӺɱżʱȴǽ͵ˣղǹɽףȻˣ춦ʵ޵ýȡ̫࣬Ժ㽫ޱȡ
ԭղǹɽײ춦зģɽҲġһã춦ܱ㽫󽵵͡
ô죿ѵղǵìֻܶһΣǳסˣԭܹøղŵìԲʿҲ޷ֵȷʵһɱȴû뵽˱ûá
Ҳûа취һƪϷʹ㣬ϰ֮ԿԴӱ𴦼ԦͷӡӵԴԴϵ֮˵
Ŷ˵꣬һĶʶ飬ؼֱӿеĸӿ֮УϡоһƪɬĹ뵽ԼԺ֮С
ǡ۵Ķ
Ȼ֪һƪơ
ն˵ƪԭ֮Уؼʱ̣
ȻԶŴܵԵ֮ˣ̳Լ²͵ͳ
׹ƺûܽܣԼѡļ̳һʵܿȻԴԼ춦Ϊ֮ı䣬ȷһڤڤ֮еԼϽϴ춦лúô
ٵٵԭʼԪ츳ȵȣණȫǵ춦ж
ãۻһƪ̵ܹĶ㣬棡
˶񣬵Ҳ˲ö룬æƪأ߶ŷԼ
ȥŲٿغҵ츳ͨԼ׼ʵһֱҲûʲôĸ֣ңҲΪˣûʲôķţ๦Ҳȫʿνǳ֮
ϸ˵ʮͨʮɷ״ݵȵ֮ͨ⣬⻹һӴĹһ֮£Ƿ֣Զִͨþ͸ҲΣޱȡ
ȻΪԦ
šȻǿԲٿ֮湦
治ۣ֪ôˣֻŹ߾磬ͨƽӹҲվǧʿ۷壬磬ܵУ
ȻǿԲٿ֮
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󡭡ԭҲͨ湦ģ۽֮ɼĴȻټ衮Ԫֻش󡯣֮á
ˣԭ춦ڣ
ջ磬У죬ȿתΪԭʼԪôԭʼԪ˵ҲתΪֲ춦Ҫ춦൱죬£ͨĵ״󣬵һ
µĹޱȣԦЧ𾪣ȻЩо𺳵Ķ𺳵ģһƿֶΣҪڶд棬Ȼ컯չ鼺á
ԶŴܵĴǣܣ˵ֶΣʲôͨҪֹ߳һֱҪ졣
Ҳֻоһ춦ǰ;ʱΪ޷˸֮Ҳֻʵʵذչȫ
ͻȻ֮䣬ϱâȻ߸ߵؾұۣһìС


573 ױϬϣ
һìҪȸղСȴס¶һ˿ϲ⣬Ϊì춦дԼԷġ
Լ
Ȼ棡̾
ʱһνì˳ȥ
ͬڵʯ֮䣬ì˲Ϣ·ԽصĿռʱ䡣
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һͷƤĆ𣬹żĴ׹˽ȥڳʿؽ˫Ŀ޷ֱһ̺ſܵĳ׹â
Ƭ̹׹ֻǹżӴĲبǰһȻٴشȴԵ΢࣬ղŵһìԶԶȲϵһ
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ǰ׳ìΪĳ湦طĴɱֻߣɴһԵķ
УҲȷһĶ궼Գ֮ĲͬǶߣʹһЩԷĲϣҲΪã綦ġӡеһ֣磬ҲʹõġĥУǴ׶װڼͷϻϣ
Щֻ̺һ˿ԶԶܴﵽղìĵزżҲǲ²⣬ʲôطǿд߻϶ܳ־á
𣿡żĻ̱ףԼ
ԼáʵһȻʵϣǰȫһ׼ķŶһЩֻأȻܹתΪˡ
Ҳһת㾡ȫһ̻Ϊ棬ﵽ˿ԽսԲʿĳ̶ȡ
⣬Ȼͨ޷Ըʿﵽ׵ĵزӦҲԡ
ϼһﵱüʶȻֻһۣ֪ŹȱݣʵҲʲôȱݣǸŵ㣿ķѷ޴֤ҲǾ޴󣬾Ȼڷླ۳شԲʿ˽ԲȽ٣˽֮ﵽεȵز
ʱǸǿĵķҲɣӵ춦תһΣ൱ʿһˡ
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Լӵ춦ޱۻ룬ȴǿںָ֮
ʱٴף۵ðš
ƪȻͲǸƽʿʹõģƽʿĲ𣬾ѻָķǶྣҲԶԶΨа춦ٳΪڶˣƽʱ㹻ķ硣
Ҳ㻹֮һЦȻӽͣȴĬĬת֮У׼ٴηһơ
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ֻһΣ㼸֮ɹˣȱǾͨԼɼͨΪǿĽףƷˡ
ܿ죬ٴγһ֧ìͨ׹ƣ졣
żɫһ͡
ԭ룬òڷླӵеƱļпܣͨ׼ǱԪΪۣԼһ˵ĹֻҪֵܹҪٴ룬ɲսʤ
СϾСƴȻпսʤԼǿһЩʿ̫ôֲܹ
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ʲôżԲ۾
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˿áìȻһԣֱЩڤڤ֮עĽѡ

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ԭһ㣬仯ˣ׽еͨʹܵ˺Ȼֱܹ˵ĸ
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ȵϢ֮󣬰âɢȥ˿ղըĵطɵصһ
ֻɽȫƽһһ龧Өľڵ棬·ǱӿӲʣ֮⣬żķҲǰųǰưܵɳ񣬲ϱ⣬š
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ҪҰƤʬΣõպˣھбµĻȡǡ֮ԣһЦìҪٴȥʱȴȻо춦еķϣȴǸղìġ
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æɲ֮ѹԭʼԪ޸Լ
ͬʱҲ׷żӲԶ׷


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ǰĵѣǽ£Ѫħ̹żҵ棬Ҫ˳ȥüæȵ

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һԵʿìˣֻѾŵ羪֮񣬿ǰʿΪҲһˣżΪޱȵţܵشȻһɵǿơ
һ׷׶ܣһԪ̥ʿŵöڿУһԥӰХ

УһѪըԪ̥ʿת۾ͱżһצؿڡ
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ǵȻѲɣһƭ㣿ƺ˽ʼĩ˵һ˵ǵľԼ̽ɣЩһЩ֮ͨжڻܣɲҪĴ
ŶԸꡣ
˫棬Ҳû̫ĺѣܿ⣬ʱŵ֪ڹ˵֮ǰѾ֪߱ħʿŲƷ󸽽޽๩ʿסľΪʱפ֮ãӦЩʿöȵĿأڴ˵ġ
֪ľǣأǹӦʿã
нǹӦϴ󲿷ʿãӵе񣬵ҩضѻɽΪӴ󣬲ܼ򵥽һ˿ܣż˽һ㣬Լϸ֮УҪⷿר˷ַҼ¼Ŀ
һԣĴͿأضԶطܡ
̫Сʮʿãûʲôˮ̣ʦȥҲֻΪһЦ
Ȼһ㣬㲻صģһӦǧʿƽöȵĿأǧʿ֮У඼ħҵľΪСϳ֮䣬ºٵǧȣһ¾Ҫʮ񣬶ңǲֻͣȻҪƽ裬һƣ裬Ҳнǧ֮ࡣ
꣬Է˶Բ̣ʿҲ൱ڷ˵¶ѣ֮µ񣬺ƽ
ɴƶϣӦò̫࣬ȻҲпѾһݵôڼ֮䡣
ʿ֮еΪʳͺ˳Էز٣ʿʳΪҪõ֮⣬ЩħҲкܶطҪõǵģ磬ƣάָ˵ķ赼Ƶзˮ֡ȫǾ޴ġ
֮⣬һ֪̽дԪ͸˵ҩΪǺƽطʱпܱսʿһ㣬ƽöȼɣʹ鵤ָ⡣
һһظš
żֻƹԼżҵ˽Щ˽ȫҲԭģƽöȣڼ֮ʱĲ󣬵һо̣ҪԷҪԲݣҲҪãټоľ޴ҪõģԴﵽƽ屶ʮϡ
˵ʿӵǬӵззЩֿԳشıͿӺڲˣʵʿѰ̽أЩһжܡ
˵ż棬ѴʽżУܣһս䵽˵С
ҾҲƹŹеĴжʿҪʱԼʱѰãְأרӦЩȡʵʿԷġ
ߣĿ㣬ʵĵȣЩԼһҲɣ˽֣壬ֻΪ̰ͼ㣬һ½ʽͨʿɹӦöȣҲʧȥЩʿĺʿս֮󣬸ʵ衭
棬漰ิѽĶԻ뷲һ㣬޽ֿ⣬أǲرأз˵ԱƹĿϺʿġ
ر֮⣬Ŀֵ䣬Ҳ԰æЩ¶ʿԣҲ̫飬ˣֻԼչҲȻܹ֮þ
ô˵ǿ϶޽дЩʵı⣬ɸִ֮ӯУֻߣԴԴϵشطһʵ
ȻʿҲͬҪִң乩ӦʿСȥϾзҲҪķѷģЩӺζһҪԣһԽ࣬ԽԽʡ
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˽ħʵķʽԭ֮ٸԭЩϢȫɼܵ̽ģΪ̽ôһطҲʿ
ЩʿȻֻ³˵ΪȴǼǲ˵ͨǱ䣬̥εͨѵõ˲ţ˲ţֵһгʿҪ
Ҳǵʱ֪Ǵص֮⣬Ѿ֪ΧжѲ߮жʿػ֪ĶλǱޡĹɡ
֪Ķ֪
Ǵطһٶʮгʿʮ龳ʿΪӣ˵Ѫħйżҵľ񡣡
ߣż۽ϳ˸ִ˴ҲֻܸЩؿصˡ
Ǻǣô˵ûҲҪСЩżϾҲҪĵطܹǿܣ˵ħɻЩ˵ġ
֪˵ͷʿ֮⣬ĸ˭
ɵӶУԻȪźħ̵ĵΪǻȪţΪƿʤػر֮صЩˣҲڰҡ
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Ĳƣȷ̫ͨʿֻԼһ˴żµҲˣϵˣõʿǣµǿֱ˶ԡ
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ЦЩȻԷֹͨʿ죬ǰһҪ̫࣬鷳ģռݵֻҪЩۣػƣסʱطħʿԮǱ㽫粽С
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һ£ЩغŲƷ󣬲Ⲽõģħ֮УȻҲиˣֻ۵ơ
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ҵ룬ǼܹǴأܲʧ̫֣ûʧ䱾ûô˵飬ʱɹҴٽȴǸĻᡣ
˵ûΨһİ취ǳŴɱħңúıһˣҪ֣ȷɹ
ȻҲף±߷ɱ˵һƶųûٵļƻһӽ˵Ǵء
ᶴλӣҲԶԶţΪ˻ϵԵʣǲûǱý
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ӣǻǾ糷ɣ⴦طΣգ˳ͻǾͲˡԿĵȰ˵ţҲó˺ϳһ֮ʵǿʵڲǡ
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УӹһĨľ⡣
׻һ𣬶ʱˣ˵Ĵ㡣
ʵһʿвٺһվͬһߵˣϣµù㲻һܹħֲ֮ӣҲҪͷٵõΣһЩſɳ룬µõء
ڹӵİΣǵûеĹϾʵǿͨʿжر֣ԲʿҲûôɱ
ĬȻüǴ˾٣ǲЩףù治ˣ˻켺
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ΪӺáûΪӺáװ̾һȴûٿܡ


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и֮󣬲ûмŶ֣ڻɽѰһطԱ⡣
սҵԭħʿδüǣһ·ϣҲǱط̣Թ˲Ͼ
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ȴӻɫĳ񲼣ͨ񲼣һųơǧͼĳʶԭ¼Σͼ֮ãʿоʶ̽һŵģô˱ϸĵͼΪ㡣
ΧԱߣʾܱߵΡ
λ뿴ڴ˵أǰʮһ룬һɽΪһȡ
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Ŵ˽ȴû̫Щ˼ԼĴ
ϵ֧֣ʱԣȱ֣ЩϵˣϾ裬ٸ֮󣬻Чһʱ䣬ٳδˣȻ״ͣѾ൱Լ˽ʿеȱݣֻɱ֮ƽʱսǳãҪǶһ棬ǿˡ
˵ˣֻһʤãһ㣬ǽΪԲʿҲ޷ıġ
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Ҳ֪ǵµĿǣһҪܹԸЩħʿڶǣܹ˳ؾΪУԻ档
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Ҳȷǽ֮ԼһȺ˵˽óȻ룬ѣҲС
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ϲһռ䣬ܻȵᶯֵġ

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и翹ħӺ͸ʿڼսе£ʬء
Щ̫ˣȻô龳֣Īɫ࣬ߵĲԽԽ٣ش˵صĳǣȴ֪ںδ
ͻȻĪƳһͷ׷ߣһ˳һϲγϣ
һ̣ϵϲȴ˾ֻ֣Զĺڰ֮Уһâ˲䴩գޱȵطӶ
ۣ
γһƫͷâӹұ֮ϡ
ӳ˼ӹ̵ƣʯұڣȻ·𶹸һ㣬ɫâ˴һƬ
ĪͺγϻûüһȴͻȻ֮Уһᣬ·һʿ˳һͨѪ죬Ѫɫ䵶΢⡣
λʿȻ
ϵˣ粽ظȻ֮ܣԲʿѾ࿹Ϊūͺ͹ȻԸգǰʾ书ԣԣͷԼһʰŲ©ƽһС
ЩȻ󣬵ɢƣȴԴݻκε˵Ķ־ʮֵͨϢԨ纣һ˲㽫
⡭
ĪǺγϣ̲סһ
˾Ǻεֻǳų
ΪħˣηɢޣȻһ³ʿѾԳΪŵӣһ֮ʯгʿ洫ӣΪһ֮˲ţǴѡΣδĻҵҪ䴫У˵мемᡣ
ϳʿ龳ĸ֣Ѿѵӵķ룬ﵽϵƷˡ
Ȼ֮Уﵽ龳ϣȴȻΪȻδܳΪϵģʱֵЩˣʵԶһĳϣǻʵĶ֡
һʮλʵѾԱһЩС֮Уеĳ㳲
ǵļƣǰʿΪȻ˲һȺ˵졣
ʮ֣ͨʮ
˺ħ𺳻꣬ʿģֳ֣ͨԼʮ龳ླȵʿ
ЩˣȫʿȻ˵˽ȴҲָӣԣһɽһֱ;ֿ˰벽֡
Ҫ벽֮ȴǡֵضĪͺγ˵ؿϣ˾ֻһûܹ͵һԳ֡
ţﻹħͳͳ£и翹ģɱۡоһ˵
ǣʿ׷Ӧŵ
ƴˣγŭһһƺתȫ˹
⴦֮һΪ֣ͨΪǿᣬΣ֮ʵһͨڵǿơ
һȴСļʵʵʣת۱㵽ǰ
ҲδˣʵҲ۾Ҳûգһ¡
λγϣʵϣܹתʵѾСͬȵĴС̶ȣγϣҲȷԳƵΪˡ
֮ͨУҲƵǸ֣Ҳǳ
ٸߵĸ֣Σʮ֣ͨںγϣкü࣬诣ϵȼˣѴﵽ۷徳ǿߣླ񾳸֣ʤ
ټϣϴףԲʿĹҲֿγϵĹˣЩ֣ĿȫԾлˡ
Ȼվԭ֮ʱͻȻԽڶĳһƣǵ֮ϡ
һâ֣Ĺ޾޿ڣתۼǵɵһɶͬʱӰԼͬȥЮֺγֱۣȽš翸޵ֿ֮Сͯһ㣬
һ֣ͨЩ˵ĺϻ֮£ȻҲͯһ㣬޻֮
Ī亹죬ţ˻֮£Ȼʵڵġ

ֻǼ˿γ֮󣬾˺һ㣬һ
Ѫ쳣ĳ֣γͱ˺ƬȻһ䣬İâذףüһӰĵӰϣѸֳ˻
γϾʹ
ӣߣعȴɫ࣬һ
壡ĪңźԼҳϵʿȺȥɶ˻
ۣۣ
ͨ
ͨ
Ĭ֮Уżʬصת֮Щ³ˣ龳ʿԵȥ
תۼһˣ˽ӲʬڣЩʬ޴棬𣬱ֶεɱ
мɱˣץʡĪȲһضӣͻȻ˵
ĪĻּŭȴѾûмͬ飬ٸ翹Ҳû˿ˣһȻ
ҵضбУɬץˣͶ
ŶǸʶʱ֮ˣҲӦ֪ħȥ﷭ʲôˣǲˣǾ־ΪáЦ
ص񣬶ûԮϲŲƷǱߣҲݲԶ˰ɡĪɥ˵
ˣȴҲãͶʲôԵģħ۸ӣ˭Ҳ̸Ϊ˭໹֮ͬԼѣϷ֮ʱȻǹͬˣͷ侮ʯˣĻ˹཭塣
ǷŹңҿԴǵܿⷿ˴ҲΪЩʶİɡĪ֪ԼѾûּۻ۵ĵƣΨһ㣬޷ܾġ
Ǹ֮ˡؿһۣãɱҲ棬ֻҪܴҵⷿɹȡһҲδɡ


580 ջ£
ô˵ĪҲ޿κΣֻУһȥ
磬Ҫⱦʣ˵඼ȴǹõİĪһѵģһЩͬΪĪӵܵʿڨڨȻشʵ
Լ˵ЩԼĶ´һֶΪĪɫȴû˿鲨˱˵ˣܹ
򵥵ʶȻѱѻǵȴп֪ܴѶĥ
Īӵһ̸̲ˡ
Ⱥˣʶ࣬ǴҲ֪Ī䡹ңעҪ˥ˡ
˸ں棬һСķթһɽȥ
⴦Ⲣħɽ֮ڣǽִ֮俪ٶɣˣ࣬ԸӶԻˣͨȴ֮һûϤ˵ص˴·׾Ҫʧ;;Ĺ
ЩЩЩȴܹǰȵʱ֮ԮҵѸϵ׽
˱ɱħȻԼȥѰΪ˸ҵڣҲĪˡ
֮Ī˴һǰһɼľ޴նڶƻƣ磬޴նǰģһߴɵľ޴ʯš
Ǳˣܵɽڣѱ˼ӳطñȽҪʵܣѰҵĶݷҲԴ͸ֻܴȴŽȥĪعͷ˵
ĪûǣźлأҪƽȥһôƳأҾˣֻһѡ
ʵֺ㶯֣һ漴λϣϣˡ
ӷģҵȶͷޣټ⴦طֻǲִ޽ɣ̫ķǡϺϻص˵ͷǰ鿴
ȻĪָϵıţѱʲô壬Ӻ˵ɱڣӦ֮
ͬʱҲʾ˽ĪѺȥ
ӣδЩˣʵ
ʲộָǰҲûץħķ²룬ʵ
ȷûһľ飬ϵ˸棬˱Ҳн̵˼
Щǹץķ²Կɽﴦãħ˺ƤĻ㽫ǽˣԸأɻ񣬶Ը꣬ҲѺħսսΪ幱ס
ҲãǾͽﴦðɣȻҲûˣŪĻĴ·Ļر;ؽǲúУһâӹ
˴ãʺʧϣҲáЦ
Ϻǰ鿴ʯţһӣû⡣
ãҪλ֣ʯţҪСűĶ˵һЩһڣԻٵķأһ˹ƣʯ٣Ҳܱ˵ˣΪԼʧһأһöֵȥǾʵˣѱЩħ˼
ϺḻȻҲ뵽һ㣬Сؿ̽վ񣬹淢֣ʯŵı󣬲һĶһҴ򿪣ϢӴȼ
ĻЩȼ֮𣬶ȼ֮ʱɢ˻һΪŮ𣬱ûʲôȴޱȣ³ʿֻһڣ㽫Ѫǽ𵤾ϵгʿҲͨ硣
ټϣܵĵΣܲŨ̱ؽͨеˣȫ·ӡ
ȶȻҲҴ⣬СشţŰ屳£պãŽź
ɽһƬڣ˶ʿҲʲôĵطЩ΢͵ƹҲ磬ˣǰͥȡ˵յȻʯһһϡ
ɢ˺ڰǰģһӿĿռ䣬һȥǰ󳤿ԼɣԼʮɣһŵľ룬һһڿװ˵ľ޴ľ䣬֮⣬ƿƿ޹ޣ
ûΣաǰһ
ǳõı⣬ʲôĹ֮֮أķ֮Ȼлء
ȿһЩװʲôɨһۣƷڷţƺйɣǱˣǾȿһġ
ӣЩ棬񡣡

ˣ
أ
ǰӿſڵӿʼһһ˿ǣȻҴСӨ͸񣬴Щк
жʱһŨ뵲ɢ
ӣ١ҲǼ˲ƱܸԼ룬ֶΪҲɵ¶һ˿ϲ⡣
ȷ٣էһǧ򣬺֮ǰĲࡣϵ
׼ȷһ㣬Ӧǧö񣬸ղɱһ龳ʿƺĸ֣ϣѳһ˲ᡣ
𣿻˲ᣬ¿ɷˣҪĶֻҪſˡ˵
ҲһϾⷿˮĿֱļ¼ҲƹͨУʿþȲҪ㣬Щɣ뿪˵
˵Ҳǣ˵ز˾˳Ϊáϵȿصأһ㶼нֹռ䷨ȡƷķȰǰᵽ棬˳ȡ
ô̵ʱʱƻѶȲСѶȥ˵֮ͨĹ
ԭȱصأܸͨʿװȡǬһķʹã龳ʿϸҪ򿪣Լʶ౦һһȡ쳣ѣΪ˷ֹ˴룬ʱȡá
һԷĻⴳһԴȡˣ֮ˣҲԵʱĿԲϣ໥ãȻһƬҡ
˱ɢǿ̧ȡľ䣬ȥ
ЩʿԣЩȻ֮
ӣַһЩöЩɶǵƵϺԪ
ʱⷿһ䣬ϵ˹
߹ȥδ߽ŵһ˱ǵ㴫ֻߵĻϣһһţ֬ƿƿ޹ޣСֻߣƸףľ߰Ҳ֮ڣüá
ǻϴ򿪵һ޴÷Ӱ㣬װһöһöӨĵ裬ⵤ赹Ҳûʲôϡֻ֮ΪͨԪһ޾аö֮ࡣ
֮⣬ҲһЩеóֵ裬׵Ѫȵȵ裬ԪֲԪ֮ãн𴴵شȵȣʿԿʹõҩ
ЩһͨѰǹʵڣʣ϶ħڴˣΪս׼ġ
ִޣһ޾öֻ֮࣬вʮޣһö
ԶԶֹöߵĻҲͬĵҩӦʮöǡ
Ԫһ㶼ǸոսؾʿΪ֮ã⣬ļصʿҲֲԪʮöÿʮöƣҲܹӦһһص½ӵˡȻǸ߽ʿʹãֻɻظĲҩٶҲõġ
˼ҿýðɥ磬£ҲԹӦöȣԺȲ󸣴֮ˣЩֻ㻨ͬĵҩڵͽʿ͸߽ʿУȻҲвͬ÷
ЩҩȿԸ½ʿȹ֮ʱ΢ļʱڣҲԸս֮ĸ߽ʿٻָԱսô˵һöԪļֵһö£вʮöĻһǧĲƸˡ
Ҫǣеʱ򣬷л㣬һʱ֮䣬Ҫ󹺣Ҳ£֮α棬ҲһΪͷ۵飬һ;ǷƷޣר浤ҩĵͽ׷˵ǳ׽鷳
ȫЩҪˡҲֱӱ˰ЩΪá
ʱҪճɴȥ˷󣬵һЩǣЩԪΪУҲ̫⡣
ϲӣЩԪٸԼµĲԼӵܣмʵĻҲЩҩ⣬Ц˵
ǰҪΪЩʸȤҪ׬ǮĻҸ̵ɽͷɱħˣǿǵдչҩףⶫһֱεúܡ˵ͷ˵
ˣϣղ˵ЩǵƵģô£ɵ֮һƵĵҩˣȻһ飬Щʵ
֪ˣʿħ֣֮͵ҩȴûħ֣֮˴֮ķУͨģǷԻͨ˵
ȷˣǼ̳ԶŵĴɣֻƾƵҩֶΣɱ֮û˿֮ռһɵɼڴ˵֮УžԵƣȻʿԵԼῪ¯ҲȴԶһɵʿҪѷɫö࣬Ҫʹʱǵɹһ㣬޷ħдɶˡҲһţ飬֮ħԼҲ涨ĳһ뵤սҪĽס
ԭˣˣ֮ߴ֮һΪǿŸɵĵҩʹã뿪ɣûʲôõĵҩȴҪˡȻףΪεӵгȻĵλ
ʵŵֻɵˮƽŵӵһɶֻ²£뢵ҲֻʮλպǳɹҵѣУȴûһɵ׵ǣΪԶʱգ˵ˮƽԶԶɣ˼Ҳͨöʮöǳɰǧöһһ¯ʿ޿ɱ⡣
ɣ൱ڶϾԼɵĵҩԴɣǳ걣뵤ŵĺϣչˣΪľǵĹϵǡ
ҲԴ˵Լ׵˳ʣʾ󣬾ûˣһΪĳɱ̫ߣÿһö׵ǺķٵԭʼԪ൱ǲǽǽ棬ߣػڵ¯ǰȻƻԪתҲԶվ;ɽ̽ˣɽˮҲûʱ飬ˣҲ᣺ԼǹӦԼ֮˵ʹãһǷǳԣȻרȡ
ţǡþЩר֮У̳֮
ʱ诵ȻʵִⶼգȻʼװַ֣񣬵ҩ֮⣬ɽף֮ҲǴͷЩϢ֮õģսʣ⣬ڻɱʿʸҲǶѻɽЩĿıװ˵Ǭֱдˬ죬һˣ˼ֵϣ
ֵڣʱҺθڣҲ˵Ǵطˡ


581 ϣ
õúܣЩֵƣǮҲ򲻵ģȵ裬УֻԹ̶Ӧڽ࣬Щ˿ʹõ󣬲ôõϡ
ϲжεջ֮
֮Ҳˣǿ˴ڷŵĴҲǴΪϲȻôࡣ
Щ˵ˣ˳ɶǹҵģһЩȥ˰ɡæ˵ִϣһҲ֣
Ҫ֪˷˵ʲôҲܺ˶ԷˡεҡҡͷΪУЩٿҲĳ̶ȣ˵һ֮ȴǽˣѡȥˡ
һ£ȱǿٸʣһúãˣ֮⣬УǧȴǹչȣݵУһͬ˵أ;ɱ˲ٵħʿӵòٲټЩúӦ֮
Ϊ׵Ĵۣ˴ιħأսǹˣȱЩǮƣȴȱ͹ѫԣʵ˻ãѫȴС
Ͻգ֮ǾҪˣղҽӵѶǱѾںħսҲ˽Ϲһ߸пĺˣһȴ˵
ôǱҲѾֳʤˣʵ
ѡʱǳɹҹ뵺ģսħ֮ʱʱ˫ŲƷ󸽽׽Ļᡣ
ûô죬ǳɹҸƣػʤץʱϹȥÿΪЧ˸һ£˵
ô˵ʱףս²ûôֹۣѾ뵽˽ŵ״̬
Żãƾһ֮ıս֣Ĺѫֽˣûᣬݴ
˵Ҳǣһ㣬ܸϵϡ
²˳٣˺ܿʰ׵׼뿪˵أ˸Ҫ֮ʱĶѨͻȻҵıը޴ߡ
һҡض֮УǿϢڶڳ֡
ʲôˣʵ
ãǰ֡᲻ħԮˣ¶˾ȵɫȴַԼĲ²⣬ΪǳԼһȺеħʿңβܼ˵ʱԮҲô졣
ϣʿнӽ٣һϳʿӶ࣬³˵ʿһǵеܹԸģЩħӦҲŶԡ
浽׻˭
ضԣȥ֪ˡ
Ҳǣɱ
һɽѰұ⣬ȻҲܰиֶ˱ͨ棬ʮֲӦȫˣʣһʱ֮䣬Ҳ˹롣
˺ܿ˳˶ڣȻ֣ɽµĿյϣһȺʶʿ
Щ˭ɫ΢䡣
ӣڳˡ濴ضڵģµĸ߼ҲͨĶ֣ƺΪҲٴУǶţֱ˳ʮͨѹųһ
ô£Ȼʵ
ӣҲ֪Ǻ֮һ㲻ɷ˵Ҫըɽ壬¶ڣȻóѣԷսһ£ЩɵصϷΣӦҳɹˡ
Ⱥˡԣȥȴ֣ȺԼ׷ɱż֮ʱйһ֮ԵȺˡ
ʶǣʵ
ʶȴһ档
췢˵˳
֮󣬳ôȺһֱûȥطں󣬸ǣ
Ҳ뵽Ⱥ˾ϲ⣬ʵɶ񣡡һ
˵ףȺǸģĿΣչ黹ǰӣһҪȺ˻д⣬֮һȺˣΣˡ
ҵǣ߶дľ񣬿νǸƣҪ˵ЩˣħʿϮҲǡ
һһɫʱ֮䣬ҲûʲôʾȴȺֿһ¹ӣվ˳ɫư֣񣿡
ԭ㣿оһ
˭ʶ⣬ΪԷҲǸƣһǲԼĺӵܣݣٻЩ˽⡣
ϵɲԼֻΪ˽θңҪʶеġ
ᶴĵΪᶴ沢δ֦ɢҶеĺҲһˣÿһãǼΪϧ
꣬й׽ߵжÿһҪ鱨粢δյָ˵Ҫôˡ
ԭˣҲ˵УһĿʿپΪܺߺ£Ͼ˴СᶴȻҲһ֮棬ȴӦҪһ䱾Լļ嶼ûг
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ʱףʲôĻɫˡ
Ҳݣ϶ǲɱ޿֡
Ȼֻһ竣ʲô˵棬ȻͬϾǵг˵һʿҲҪ֡
£
ɵһ
ԭʿ룬浽ҪõʣǺ׷û
ϸȴҲԭģԷȻûг壬ңָɵĶᶴ죬Ҳһǿ⣬ȻᣬȴʵͣΪƽ۽ҪƽҪʮˡ
ȻУҲҪ˼ǿΪģˣȻʵϡƽƽ۽ִټϣȷ᲻ˣŵͬһϡ
д䣬Ѿſˣǰһ£Ƕᶴӣűжʲô¡
Ǹһ˿΢ЦԵƶޱȡ
֣Ǻ⣿֮ҲȥȻɵԷݣԼҲҵĺӵܣȻԸ˼ͷ
Ҳûʲô˵ڴ˷˵˵ĿأΪͬ˵ѣȻҪǰֻǣһû뵽ǾȻôʹձˡ
תתȻ˵
ðɣǰҲ˲˵ˣɣֻҪջģǵġ
ɣ֣θڣδҲ̫˰ɣȻѲµӳֵʱΪǾĲȴû뵽Ȼĺڵ˵ĵز
һڣɡ
ԭǶĿأûв´ĻһʼͶ˰ɡվ˳˵
Էͼذ˾Ƕı޶ԡ
λֵܣôƺЦЦһԶģ
Ե
ã֣ӣӦҲһλҪĺӵܣ⴦صջӦȥɲǣҲɣ˷һɣԸմ˰룬ʡȥ鷳Ц
⴦ǷֵģɱħҲǳջǺθɣû̱ŭף
ֻҪɵĵҵȻ֪ħǽɱģӦǡ˵
⻰е˼ݲҪɶȻ˳ֳħಫɱķϣֻҪɣѾǼΪˡ
㰵üͷվһЩǸҲû̷
ҲûзΪ֪ҲûãԸȾĲֻ֮ˣֻʵʵڵʵŹá
鷴ƽɫصô˵飬ӣ̫ˣȥҲƽϣɡ
㡭ӿֳһ˿ŭɫ漴ȴǾĪ
ΪͻȻĴ㡣
ûдԼƾŶᶴݣթǣ˵Ҳʲô֮£ǳǸģܴ
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ۣԷʵԼ
ӣˣöԸɫһ촽΢æ
ҪͲµǲ״Ӧˣ˭Ըѵֵı󣬰װ͸ûгˣҲϴӦġЦƱˣǲӦһΣǳԶǡ
ţȴΪʵ˴˿Уȷʵ˽ϹɣɹҴٽħݵ㣬ҪĿ꣬Ϊ˹ŲƷ󣬴ǵɸԮ˵ı
ЩħʿŲƷԽɣγȹ̵ͨԴԴϵħʿˣƣƱؽҪתֱ£ʱħռ磬ǳɹҵֵסħѹò֮ϱţԮ޷ܵġ
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582 £
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УûжԴ֣֮ҪֵǰҲñԿҪǿ˭ܵǵĹա
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ԶԶȥеһ㣬ȥͷС࣬طǺ촦
¹࣬ͨ¹絭ɴڴأԲǧ⣬ﶼȾһ㵭⣬Ƕһۡ
ֳ֣ңԶһӴޱȵӰȻ֣⸱Σټղѿһ޴Ķڣ⣬ɢ
Ϣ֮󣬹һȴԭֳ֮ʱΪ̫ңԶʼնѸݡ
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ǵжϣʱǺеλֻĵɡ
֣ѵһλ뢵ĵˣһ
֮ףƱ䣬ƻ仯֮ԴԶһԻͶķţӵлǧսӺˮˮݣʱУ޴ڣԽ࣬ҲԽɢһԣֻȻĹɡ
Ի඼ԱΪǿĵʵΪֱʵʣһ㶼̫ǿʿڣ˾С
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֪λǵѣͻȻ߲ư
ԼһƵľ޴࣬һȥг֮ߣԶԶԽ֮ǰֹ棬׼ˣԱ֮ЩлԶħ񣬶ϣɢһԨĪϢ޷ľΡ
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ʱңԼ躹ޣǸ֮ľΪǿԳͷѾ޷ٻôҲ͵øսӢµļνԼЩ΢ĹѫѣҪλϣǾڽˡ
뵽ԥתܳϵڵɽͷȥ
ʱɽХĻħʿд˳ϲζʶؽһܵ¶ɡ


584 ܣ£
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ˡһʱˣҲӸԵĵطҴҸǶܴܿڵΣգҲǾۼһӦ֮ߡ
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ȴһصҡҡͷʾֻ֪ǵȥҲܳϰɣĸ֣ҲΪܡ
˼ԼܳϣǲܳϱԼ뱧ŲܵȻɢĴΪսĻӵܺ϶Ŀܡ
ﵽ˵ʵľ뢼֣Բǵκһ˿Կġ
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ӵٽз˾ʹ߸λַ󣡡Ͼɽ´Ϸصָ
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ͬʱܳϺ͸ҵϣɵеЩսǰԤвغõĴѶ֮䣬ܽս磬ټ潵١
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οͨá

ڲܳϵ˽Ѷʱ򣬸ߴɵʷ࣬Ҳڷ
ֱʱ˲ŷ֣֮ߣ˵ĺӴ·գĴƬأ״ֱйϢľ
磬ӿƣ·޴磬Ծģ֮еģ˿ʵò֮ħ
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ȥʤҵҲܿʱǱܷΪʤˣҵϣǴȵ
Ҳ٣ҲֻԸԵʿˡ
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Ҫ˵ʱһʱҲԼ֡Ц
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ʲôҪɱĪ棿ϵ˶ʱĴ㣬о


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վǸ߸ߵɽϣңŰ׼Ī棬ֻʮľ롣
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ӣǧСġϵ𾪹ȴǳûȰ衣
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һΣìĪ淨ĺ֮ҵ𵴣Զʤì˺Ī治֮£һǻΣҪʩչս
סҪˣ׼æȵ
״ݣ
죬ڵָ֮ӵʮ֮⣬Һܿͱģ֮жٵһ׶ݣת֮˲Ƶʮ⣬һӰͬìֱ⡣
꣡
ì͸͵һҲϣڵĳͰҷԻһεĺӰ
Сӣ㻵Ҵ£Ҫ
ĪԹ뱩ŭ
ԭ׼ֻ֮ǲס׼棬뢻ɱѣȴûϵȻ͸սɱš
ּԼҪãĪֱŭɶŭһӰ͵ը˿
ãҪԱ࣡һǿҵľѶ
ȴʱһӴĺӰľ֮УԲʮһжҼӿֻĺӰɽȻ
һȥŷ֣ԼһӰӣǰ׼ơ
֪ʱ׷һƣԼڡ
̳ɢ䣬ǧɳʯ̷ֻһ˲䣬ԲʮҲЩ޷ʿֻһ±㱻ը÷죬Ǳ̳ûȻǿ֮кֱײײͷѪڣһЩΪֻ뱬ըģֱӾͱѪ֫ѣ飬ڣҲǡ
һըÿȥҲ죬Ϣ֮ƽϢǰֵĿʮľ޴ӣҲɵ亹˳
ԲʿԱ࣬Ȼӵ˵ƣ
ʲôֻǲִ֮˷Ҫɱʱֻ֮춼ըѣСҲˣػסһΣʱ䣬ֻ²ҲҪϵˣԺǧмǣҪսΪԶʤԼĶ֣ҪΪ湦طرԲʿƽƽ
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ŷ֣ǿʮľ޴ӣ׼ƣҲ·ҧʳ˸һ㣬ըһ㣬ֻ˸ƤʴѪ⣬ƣȴʣ΢΢Ӱָըֻ
лǰȡҲǲʶô֮ˣæл
⵹ãҲǰҵĴæ׼ؿһۡ
ǳλῴ˾Ϊ˰棿ԽԽͣϾһӵܶΪԶʤԼĸ֮սڣǿлɱԲʿԼΡ
ңҪӵǰӻҵ֮УжϳһԮ֮·Ҳ£ƽӹһЩӵܣֻڻԭħʿսӽԼ棬õɱĪ棬İæ
ܲڿɻս֮Ҵȥһ֮׼Ϊһ
һսңԲķرǰġȻ֪ʱӦ˵Щʲôûһϻ
׼ɵٴ¶һ˿֮ɫӰͻȻɶе档
֣׼澹Ȼ˹־ϲ
ʱѾӽ;ƿݵľأԷȴŵǿᷨһһ͹ϣ˾ӱ֮⣬ǲʩչˮ޼ġ
ȷԼܷټְϢһʧȥ̣ǰҪӳ춼ѡ
ʵﵽһ̶ȵʿ֣ȫƾƲٿط仯ͨطصúܣ˵ͨʿһ㣬ٶȸ죬־ãѵ˵ģһЩմطܹתʱգǿͶ
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587 䶨ϣ
ݵò񣡡
׼治ɷ˵һƻǵصԪŷȻŷ
ţͷħֳһѪ⣬תȫԪһȴֻоһǿϮɷķ꣬Ϯ֮˿˿ɢͣذ䡣
ʱԷ֮һƣѪ֮ӦԵĻѱ÷ǣˡ
ţͷħƺһò׷Ӱһ˻
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ӵ̤Уɽѣһɽ壬÷飬ҲĲִٺ˶޴ӡΪһˣѾ᧿Σ̱ץס˻ᣬ⣬Ȼ𣬷ɳʮԶ
Īȥˡߣûõķ
ţͷħ̧ͷ˰׼һۣʱףĪʧˣԼҲѾɥʧ˻ɱľûᡣ
׼治ͬλ½ĸ֣سɹУҲһķ
Ұ׼滹һ治ͬ׼漴ʧһԲҲ˽ǣȴпܷ񱨸
Ҫ˵ڰ׼ǿϣȻÿһ磬ͨطֲЩϵĲ࣬һжδֵܹ˺á
ţͷħɵԥһ£漴תȥԸ֮жԡ
䣡
Ȼһ죬շ·˺һ޴ȱڣ󣬱ȱ˳ȥ
ת֮䣬ʧӰ١

˾˭Ҳħķţͷħڰ׼֮ɴȥû˿ˮһɫ
ӰƮ֣е֮⣬ȴش˳
صĸָһ֣ıľƣҪٻɱѾһвС
ǸղŵĲľ˿дûᣬ޲֮ܽɱ
Ҳ֪ǼҴĸ֣ⲻҪʱ˷ͨ뺣ȫѲˡ׼򶨵صһ㣬Ժ˵ڵĵ֮ȫѹȪŵңʹ䡣
֮ڴ˴Ǹϻȥ֧Ԯǣʵ
ǸϻȥɣѾҪҵˣҵӵܣȫԽĵɨ壬ȣһսΪҪ׼
ĬһҲû飬Ű׼նȥǰ֧Ԯܻɽˡ
뿪֮ǰ˽ڰ׼ȴͻȻһ٣ղò
ȻţͷħƣڱϮɱĪ棬Ҳˣ֮࣬ȴȻظеο
ΣڵҲȷҵӵܣȻֻһգȴҲѽ硣
ˣֻʷѡ΢΢Цָ֪ʲôѾҪԼķâҲǱΪӵõرԲʿһս
ͽˣ콫ħӵɨɾȻݻǵŲƷ󣬻ٸ۹͡һ䣬ŴҴȥ
ͣŵղŵΣ˵ƾһҲΪȻǺεȵҪ飬ֲɲţˣԴΪرֻ۹͡
۹ͣȴҪԴˣ㹻Ļ˼ƾݷһʡ
ʱɽҰĻȴ˼Ͱ׼Եػ裬ʿҲ֮
˶֪һգսƣƫһˣɹҵӵܣʵԱħǿһʱѽѷ֮Ѿֳ
ҲΪԭ򣬰׼ŷȥｻǡ
û޷ӦԵĸֳ֣ǼֲҲԷĴ󵨵ħʿɱһŲƷ
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˿̣ħʿս֮УһۣȫҲĺֵʿؿţͷħƿնȥͰ׼Ҳȥʿʿ񣬲ɵĿɿڴ
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ҰϣһһħʿѪ֮Увٱҵĸ÷ǣ̳ս
Щľǣղħʿ󣬽Ҫһոʧأţͷħλȥ֮󣬷ǽԼ㱩¶˳
ʿΪǲβ룬ʵǶ֣֮ǰƾ跨أڻҰ֮УȴƵƵش
ԽԽΪ³ʿȵ£ԼеһЩ龳֣֮һɱ¾ݡ
Ҳս֮Уǰƾ׵ļʵױϬһ·նɱ֮ɱһѪ·
ʱٷױһ÷ȻԽ֮ìУֱ۵Ļ裬׹ɢܣУг˾ʿҲԵֵֻϧ׹ܣ֧ìֱܿ޹⣬ۻķ׹ɢţɰǧʧ
ⷨţʵ̫ķѷˡһ㣬ҲԳܡ
ǳܲԶһ壬һӦ޺ǣֻⷨǿдˣĸҲСң춦еԪһֱʩȥҲ׵
ԽǴ߶ױԽǸܵ˶˷ȻԽʿķתΪҾۼһͷųֱǿ˵ʤһɱ
ֻϧȻбף˷ȻϬޱȣҲκ˶ʩչģеʿֻһ֮Ϊˣǿ鵤ҩָҲʩչپʩŵٶȺ͵ϢĿ˷ǽȫһ˲кֱӱնɱˣһ֮ȴǵϢĿյʱʿΪʱָ̣֮䣬ֳܷ
ɼⷨţû춦һرһľУû̫ȡ֮Ϊ̫󣬵ϢԵʣΪһࡣ
ƫƫλԶŵۣȴǼ춦رƾܹԪͷ⹦ЧΪ棬⼦һķűɱħ׺С
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ϵ˻ϢҲմ˻ҳѪˮ붼ʼңȻҲǾ˲ټ׵Ĵս
ӡȻ࣬Ϣƽȣû˿˵ģЩ߼ŵһڷǷȻ֮УΣķвҪ˵ˣԼѱ
ǣӽĪĸ֣µҲˣһ£ǺʩԮ֡
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ⲻƽһа٣ܸӵƣʹÿһλֶٴУŵ˼㡣
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һķƵĹкľԪƽɽһ㣬͹
ֵĿУ޴Ĺǽһ飬ԲεĿ׶ڿС
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Ľɨһħּķɽ˲ᴩ˳ǰ龳ʿüģʿΪ񾳸֣ͻϮһ˿ӦûУͬһնɱת۱㼴
Ȼʿӿ˽ȥħҲٻطɽֻȥ
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ԣʿӵڹȿʿսһʱ֮䣬˵ͷΪ֮һ͡
ÿΣȴоһǰȥ˵ڶڵʮ³ʿ
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ȴìʬͣˮǰħʿȥ䣬ɺĻȼЩʬͣ˷ǻ𺣡
ҵûʲô˵ˣȴȼϳģûϳģ㶼׷ױܿԡ
󷽵ħʿԼˮˮбۿžҪ𺣣ʱ׹ͻȻӻб֣ⳤìᴩǵ
ҵıըУЩҪʿ׷ױС
ҵ𣡡
ֱһɺһ㣬׷׻ĽɫǽȥȻճ棬ؼȼš
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Ҳɵ¶ϲ͵ɫУħʿĴӪħʿڴ˾ӪһϣȻ̫ҲԶѻʣԱˡ
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γϣϷɽһħݵ㣬ѱҵռ졣
ϣɽħ翹ҵѽΧ
ϣѼŲƷڣħھء
˵ӿ룬˴˵ĺ˹ǰսеɱ֯һɽȶʱַǷ
ҶȱźħıݻŲƷ󣬷Ϊ磬˰쵽ǧ񣡡ǰѾЩңвӵܴĲȺɽ֮䣬ʼѲЩħʿµĲʬϺսָӵȵڳϣϣҲɵͷ
ʿϾǾ䣬ɢˣȷָӡ
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ܿ죬ŲƷڵɽȣ㱻ڶʿΧ˸ˮйͨǧʿΧַըһںȻ


588 䶨£
ԭϣɽУһƬǽ塣
ħʿ翹๭ɱ˻أŶݼףޣʬҲ׷׵ǳҲЩûѱħı죬ĻֻħҲҪ
ɹҵʿڽŲƷݻ٣Ĵݻ٣ʣħڷ²ΪǷ׷룬ɱ۵ʿȻԸŹЩǸ׷ɱ
ս˶ԣѿˣǶڹзϣ׼ʰо֡
ҲλУԶԶɾʵô
֮ǰûпɱ
ҸŴһɱˣû뵽Щħ˲á
ǿɲãνɽһƱħʵʤǣҲпܱ׷ɱòֻʶӣղûɽϹƣɱĻҪʮ˵
ô˵ҲмֵǧʿսϾʮ˵ɱˣڲ˵ʱǻǹȥʲôԸ
İɣħѾܣɱˣǾߣսɿأʷ²£Щ޹أҪģֻǵȴ칦ѡ΢΢һЦ˵
һ̸߽һڵصķȥʱҵϡǣȻѾһƺˣһⲽڸ߸ߵʯ̨֮ϣżοȻ˵ͶǵħʿһŲݣȻͽˣôãôáҷʿͳһȡ鵤ˮҲҪô£ʵ޷λģʹһΪϲܶ
һߣҲһʿڷԸˣᣬⷿзҪӵǺˣҪһЩΪ͹֮ãսʱнܳߣͳͳҪ͡׼þʳʹ֮⣬ܱߵķҲиˣģ갳˸һǳִڣݽħʿǱ˻
ҵĲܳڷԸԼܹӵܣɽȣûħҡȻڴѶһħʿҲ죬ȴпܸǴС鷳ʧ־֣ˣȫ֮
ǰݼ˲ܳϣܳϼǣֻǵڴ˴ȲҪ뿪ʱвǲԻ˸֮ǡ
Ҳ֪æµֻ֮ǳǣȻ˵һԡ
˼ˣ뿪ˡȻ˶æµ綼λӵܣ£ȻҲֲȥ˴йͻȻһ£׷
ϴҸһԪ½ĵͼѡأѡ壿
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ŶʲôλԪ½ǴĶ֮УΨһһδռݵ½أѡһȥȴ㽫㡣ζص
ʵڲҲ˲ˣһǸ֧Ҫչռ壬һ棬ȴǲ֦ͣɢҶ˶ӵ⣬ѪԵϵϵѱ۹֮侺ʮּҡ
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ԣɳЩҲֻжţû̫ԶϾֻ΢ĩ֮ңʱҲֻǵԼķҪ˵ȴǹңԶ
ǰ˳ֽûпǺһ㣬ѡһױйռֻߣΣյأӵܻԪ½꣬ǱǻԴˡ
յ͵ĵͼҲϡǵãλԽıأЩزڿطḻشﲩд󴨴ɽϡȻδܱʿַ֣ĸǿʢȴǴΪĲФ䵽ҪЩסĵزΥŽʿϮĻ˼ѹ
һӵܵĺΪ׼ٸĻҲȴŵĳҲλԴʱ׼ЩˡЦɫ֪Լûа׷ѡ
˵ûʱ׼ЩˣҴȹ֮󣬱ȥԪ½һˣڿٸ֮£Ҳ˾飬ս֣ӦñϢ
˵ͷҲָƣȻ֪дһ棬ⲻǶϱĽƾٵĽ
˿̵ȴҵĵϵţǧ˿Ƶϵ֮£Լʶ˲Ľ飬Ҳ֮г˸
Ī˵ûҵĵѪΪܣԼֲ֮ƣΪӵܣ˺ãͬҵѪ֮ȣ֧ϵӵܣҪѪԵ͵λҵա
缸Ԥһλ֣ضܹΪǿԮ

ʿڹգ֮⣬ħʿ򣬲ŲƷշ£˵һѾĪ䡹ŵϸţһʱɣ񱻳ɹһٻһʱ֮䣬Ҳ޷ٳ
ҲΪԭ˲ŵ԰ģٻ֮ǱԽľͶ磬ȵ羭Ӫ֮󣬱ұһ㲻Σ
˿̣ӵܶս֮ʰȡ˷սƷħµľ޶ʣȫ׬˸
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Ϊɽ֮Уӵܶƾ˷˴ƣѹǬϸ⾪ϲǰɽ֮Ļ壬ֿܣҲȳһ
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б˲ռˣش֮ҸԳֻعԭҲǸӵܴ̣һΣ˲أȴ϶Ϊѡ
飬ãҪնɱӵܣЧȣսĸ˵һСʧֽԭѾƽǡ
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Ҳǣˣ֪ڲǰܳ˽ңҵûкͻ


589 Χԣϣ
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ףʵΣֻҪ˲ϱɣõֶҲκβǣҪֵĻӹһ˿ɱȻҲ׸֮
ǴڱȺ֪һõʱ򻹲֪顣
ĵĲ޵ϣʿֳţǲܳ롣
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Ȼÿ̺ſϢ׹ӿ֮ȴƽһ޵һ㣬ת漴ʧȻڣ̵Ϣиֳ
Ҳ֪˶ãϣͻȻһĻ״βΣצ
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Ҳɵ粻ãʱգһٻޱʵֶ޷ܹƾԣһǿޱȵĻ
˿̣ȴմ˷ҪһרԼĻ
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Ҳ˵˿Ȼֻзླʿľ磬ӵеķȴԶԶԽͬȾ磬ڳԽͨʿԲ
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Ҳ֪춦ͷ۴ʱѾɹĺԶʱˣĵ֮Ҳѹ֣˲ܶµʴֱʱȻ־һǴǵֻƬ֮У˽⵽һЩҪѶϢЩѶϢпܱ춦
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⻯ۣĻջ۵ˮĥֻߣԵɺ֮²ɼƿص
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Щ֮У׵ģȻǸսʵɸ֣ΪƷʿʵҲڷླϣһظ֣޷롣
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ҲʱѾ˷ླڴݻħŲƷһսո¶ͷǣټϣµʿҲӹ֣μΧԶ飬ʸġ
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ǸԼڲĳƺһ˵ơϡȻְ֮ҲԵְ֮ΪУǹʳƳϣŷڳְ͢һ㣬ȻԼΪأ͢ĹְʹȻǹϵʽƺ
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ؿһۣ˵ϺˣȻһ塣
ӼЦˣãΨһֻϧټ֮УʿۣҲԸ˶֮ˡʿ
ƣ˼ֺøУĻȴЩ֣Īⳤ߾Ȼ֣˲Ը֮ģֻߣˮƽʵڳ˼㣬ʿ಻ԣҲԸ֮ġ
￴֣ԿЩǱūͳ黭ķ֮£ȫһϲͨҲʵڿȻ
ӣʱ仹磬㱾һΣӦ٣ǰﱨİɣ֮ǰǱ㽫ǰѡǽΧԣ֮ǰӦѺͼ˸׼ˡ׳º͵˵
ˡ˵ͷ
ȻΧԵľ³ͻȻȷѾ׼ʵҲûʲô׼ģΪʿĺΪǳ顣
У֧ΧԶ飬ѡ֮˱ǾӢҲһ֮ݲҲΥ湲ͬƶĹء׳ʵݵλҲȷغӵܿʲôʲô±ֱˡ
ϣֻµǰ
еѡѶˣȴٽϵԼĴ⣬Ҳ֮ʲô¶ˣ˽ϵտ˺ԼĶŮ˳㶽ˣΪַԪ½׼
һ棬ϺλȴѾǰԪ½ʵȥˣѡһԲķˮأΪҵڣֻǲļƻѣʵΣÿ˵
ڹϺϣһóͨԪͷˮ֮һռˣƵǳѡԶԼǰҪá
Ѿٻ֮Ȩѡ˵طɽ͵ġɽͼ⣬ʹ̷˰ﷱϢ԰ʮ깦ٸ֮ʱѾǳ߹ģˡ
ֻ˵㣬ȷͬһʿҲӦ㹻Ӧǵĳˡ׳ϲ֪Щ㿼ֻǾֻУҪ֪ͨطѾǳǿڸƣӵԲʿΧԶ֮Уһȴֻ˵еȡ
漴ȴֻȻЦһЦҵǲˣ׿ŵÿΧճɣ㽫ѡһݷ㣬Χһμƣ㼸ÿһ궼нջɣѾϳԿЩ΢ĩˡ
֮£Ľ͡ȻΧճɲԶħͷȡµıģδؾۣһΣÿڣȴܹ֤һΣΧԶܴ졣
磬һӵо޴޾أЩӵǧĳȴҲضá
ȴǸȤʵ˵ǳѵģ
ȷд£ΣִƼߺʿѵ׳ϵû뵽ȻҲ֪ܿҲµ˸ġ
˽⣬֮벻˽ҲˣˣҲż¡
׳ϳϴ£²̽ʵţŷħɷͥȫе棬ʿЧңʿһ֮ڣȴǲ֪ʿθѵ
Դ˵ȷȤ
˵ʿظǣȻջ۵Ŀޣʲֻû㹻ĻԵ˵ĻΣҲǲͻ޵ģһˣôעҲѵʱ򣬸öǶҲ꣬ʮ꣬Գٶȥ
ʿĴڣŤһɣʿԭƽӹķѵƺʲôķ档
ôѵҵǿԸ֮ӣֻ˷ʱգԴĵر֧ţǵ֮ˣҲò𣬹Ǵ㿪ٸԳһ𣿵ʱҲίרŵѵʦֲֻߣͶЧĲ֮Уѡɿ֮˽׳Ͻ͵
ʱ֪ԭʿ֮ʲôʾ˵ȴĶʵҲǣʿҶУѵ֮ȻҲǸҶգϾⶫһЩͼɶѣһ˶ãд;½֪пܡ
ˣһЩϸϵĲͬʿ֮ʵҲ̫࣬ؼʿʣԼɹѵɵ
֮Ѱ˵Ȳ˽⣬оأ޷ǱȨƲƿѡң֪˷Ҳûκãʿһͨĺ쾳ʿҪķѴǮƺҩģûнɽɽ֧֣治ת
ͨһ㣬еû̫ٸʵ׵ý˻׳죬±׷
׳ƺҲмģҲǣѾеԼԼˣ̸ܾǱʿɸѡطٵսѵһһ
ҹʿԺߣƺǲΧ֮ˣΪǲβ룬زȡ
ЩӦþΧԶУЩӵһ֮ľˣΧǣɱħͷ£ҪܵĲϸµ׼ʱĥģ֮Уƾ籾ӵеħͷʿԲ跨ף׼벻Щˡ
֮£Щʿǣȴǰˣʵ߾ˣҲⲻˡ
Ƕˣӣʱ磬ǸóˡȻϣ׳ϼЩ˳֣ЦЦվ


592 ֮ı£
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׳ϵ˵ͷָλӣʲͬС
ԣҲǰμɫȴûʲôϾӵܣЩ˼öˣڳʿһͨ³ʿһ֮ʿȱıǸĸġ
˱㲻ɵ̾һɷһ֮ˣǲСưУΪʲã߲ģЩˣгˣ³ˣȫǲȴ֮ͨȵȼգҷΪ֮λҲ˿Щ˵Ŀ͹
ǿΪ𲻴ǿߵĶ壬ȴֻһ;Щʱĳļգ˵ıԣȡģȻЩ֮УΪֱðˡ
׳Ҳ֪Щ˵飬ˣ򵥽һ֮󣬱ټ̡
μΧԵ׼ˣ׳ϴõǰֻͥԺվºڼװʿصܣ㶼ȻЦ
һۣȻ֣Щʿ㲻ˣΪҲǼߣ˶ʮͨʿ֮⣬ʮ˶Ƿླڻ߷ླ۷塣
ЩͶ
ĿֻǴЩһӶΪ׵ʿϡ
Բʿ
ϣܵ˼Īǧ˵Ϣ˿̷ླΪ޷ǳֻЩ˿ԲΪȴûӦλ׳ϵ˶Ȼ΢΢˸
ϣʮ˾ڴˡ
еĸѭϹʱڸҵķ⽨ƣ˸ӵܿٸ֮⣬²ҲͳһķͳŶȽ⣬ȴڲڱʶΪ
һʿרָһӢս֮
ãǳһϡ׳ϵ˵ͷ
Բʿת˵ȵ
һ·ŶȥʱϢʿ˶飬ȴǸͬ뵽˴ΧԵ֣ΪԶħͷ̺ʵھ޴󣬲У׬ȡΣҪһЩмѵһ󱦲ģˣӵܶõ
ֵһǣճɵķ䷽ʽɸЭ̣ѾԭʮݾıΪһٷݣȡˣа׼һ࣬жʮݣΪڸ֮ʢ϶ԵʣҲʮ˷֮࣬ǹõĲʣģճ̶Ⱥ͸ʵǿȡʮݲȡ
µķ䷽ܻǷݣȴûм̫࣬ΪһһǰγµΧĿ꣬ȻԽԽǿᣬͶؽԽԽջҲԽԽ񣬶ǡķݶȴŵĹ̶һݣȻûиı䣬ԣ׿ĳɱֵֻۣ׬ķݣûʲôԲġ
οҲʲΧԣռҹ棬ϽĲ֣ԲΧԣǲΧԵӵܣɻ÷ĹѫΪͣЩѫͬһΧõϡ
·򴨼һ㣬Щַӵܼ飬а֮ˣЩǸҵķӱʲǰЩȴԼµǿǰȻи׳ϣ׳ƺҲ֪Щˣһһᣬյ£Ȼ󽻸ִ¡
Щִ¶׳ߺõĲӦЩ飬ᳵ·ܿ
⣬ͻȻ˵ϣҵʿҲˡ
ԣԶȥֻãĿҰ֮УһЩӰԶȺΪ֮ױ鲼߷׻ԵʣȴίڵݵĹȵУԷֿ
ҵǰ׼ҵʿʮ˲ȵģҵʿңҲˣȴһλˣ졣
λ£ּˡ׳΢Цӭȥ
׵ѣ㡣ҵʿ׳ϵ˳֣¶ĵЦݡ
ҲΧԵʿѾ̶ܹΪ췢ʩģøصĸ֮ˣλ׳ϣձңȴӵܻá
׵ѣһ㱻ħУƿкЩôһʿǰеʵһòͨʿҲĳһҵϣЩ顣
ͰֹҲ޴󰭣ֻǷЩʱյѡ׳ϵ
˺Ѽ䣬ҵʿҲǰ̸
Щ˹һǲΧԵĸ֣ͬҲ٣ʱ׳ȴǻһת˵λλҵӣ֮뵽εΧҶշ
Ǹ飬æǰλϡ
׳ϵĻУܵȭȭά֮⣬˳չġ
ԣȴˣ֮ǰǼȥΧԶˣֻͨǰ͹ѫӵܣȴû뵽Ȼõ׳ϵ֣ƽ顣
Ҫ֪λ죬ǸϣݵλһЩӵܣûʸǰ˵Ҫ˵Ͻˡ
׳ȻҲ֪һ㣬񣬰ʲôèܸǡ
ѵǣǸͻȻһصܻɽ֮ˣҺң֮ģҲ¼š
ѵǸ⼸ǾصоǺ뾪̾벻ôһĻԵȻ䵽СϣҲ֪ʲôˡ
ΨɫЩŹ֣ƺżԹͬʱҲΡƳ⸱飬аЦʵ֮£ħһԼһ귢֣Ϊ˶ռ磬ûóȻϱţżȻĪ䡹Ҷ֮ʣΪ˼¡
ӣ˹˰һɾ͡챲ֵڳʿȴһҲͣϾǵͱңһǵĵӡ
Ͼȵʱ˵һ䡣
ˣһ£翣ҵܹյģҲֻʷѡ΢΢һЦǳԼײ˴ˣңȵĺΡ
ӹһĨâܿ죬Ҳ¶Цݣ֣˵ȥҵһūͰܹӵڵݣɲһʷԽ͵ģӢۺҲڲçҲһãν֮˱˵ԷƱɲұʿΪ˵ƾ˻ᣬܵõλʶӴƽơ
⻰ȰοͬʱҲŵĹά֮⣬ҲΪ⣬ֻĬȻͷͬȴóеķ֮⣬ֻǣ⻰ôĸо
Ҳƣ̺ıأֵĹ;ȻôūͳļһռˣڴѳɣμɺޣҲܸһˣҲֻܿͷռռˡ
ԴˣҲ˿Ϊ⣬ֻǰЦһ֮
⵹ã̵±˵ķֻ̣עʵ˷һ䣬ֲһöʲô
ˣҶ׼ɣ⴦طɽʣһͨİȫͨڴ˳ºתϷнٹһ£Եֵˡ׳ϼʱ磬
ҪķѴķ˵ݣЩҲñУֻʱʱ֣ûбҪҲԸǣˣٳߣҪƾɽƣҳһȫͨ
ãǵ벿ɡ
ͬǵ
һ·ϣ޾Ҳô˻һԽоޱȣͬʱҲ춦ص䣬ԼиоӦ̲۵ܣԴпӾмֵĶҲ˵Ǿڣͨ˲ˡ

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磬·ÿһͬĻȣʱʱߵǴľ޺ǣ·һһĸɽǰ
棬㶼Ⱥɽ࣬γɽ֮Ӹ߿տȥƸˡΣһΣǣֽɽ֮ڣɽǸʣ͸¶ԶŵĲɣ
˿̳ǰģǸƵĳţɵľ޴ʯ壬·һеɽͣߵסȴףʯŲǼ򵥵ʯ壬ŷõķһĴڣܷ֣ؿ̻ķԶŵƣȻ⣬ȴһɹӺʵϢɢ
Ƕһ޴ķ󣬶ЩķؽڣÿһϵѨɽƵһӴ塣
Ҵ˿һû֪Ҳ֪ܹ³Զɹʱڵйء
Զž޴ǣЩ΢ʧ
лĻҪ⿪֮أ̽Ѱɽ磬ʧҲûʲôɹôֱ޷񡣡
ʵ˿̣ȷţ̽ѰɳǾܹջʲôۺϴʱ֪ĸѶϢԼӵĲ²⣬磬ȷпͨɽ磬Ҳ֮УеԶɽͨˡ
׳ϣҪʲôع֮Ҳʡ򵽣ڻԼжʱ򣬻Ҫҵ׳ϣ̡
׳ȴǺǺЦӣļǣһһϦ֮£֮Ļǲκջġ
⻰ͬص˵ͷȷ֮йѺĴڣκһ𣬶ǿԵӦԵģԽ٣ˡ
ҵǣЩֲ֮Ĵڣôһ޴ţҪƳǶҲҪܾ޴ĴۣƳǶǱޣצ֮ҲӲˡ
˽ԳʮΪȫޣʼӪ
ֱʱ֪νͼ֮ʲô˼Ӫ֮ʵʵػһʱָȻЩС³ʿΧǿʼ̽Ȼڸˣھһ㡣
Ѱҵ֮Ż֪ĵʵͨһģƿЩһ̶Ͽеķ콵׺
ȻѺĶ׺ޱȵԶħͷֻˣҲǣҲòʲôôĿģͨЩǵʵȻ󣬽ǲڶԪ֮󣬳
ֻеȵħͷ˺ֽۣƣ֮ʱǲſøԲʿͷ̽ԷʵЩԲʿֵܹǵĹˣǱ㽫ֳ֮ɱ
Щʿæµʱ˼棬ûһ
ɵôΪͬͺǶԸһͷѺޣñӵǹԪȻٶϼ켸ҹۻȵ󣬲Ŵ֮ʱ͵ҰޣҲֻ׸ķˡ
Щ˵򵥣ȴҪѴһʱ䣬ɵģ֮У̽跨ĵ鵤ȵȣֵʮڼƣ࣬ǵи˿Գܵ


593 Ϯɱϣ
ҹ˾ҰȻһƬɰףʱʱɼӿƲ֮бȻɿû
˷֮䡣
⡰ˡɽһ࣬ᶴӪ
ӵķԸǶ֪ҪԸıҵ²ؿһɱ֮ˣֻҪα⼫ѣģҲֻнָңʹ֮һ׮ͷ
εжɺȫȨǱ㶼¡£ιӽ²㣬һҪãʮ֮⣬ΧԶеԲʿҪ֮ʱ㶼Ե
µӰȻ⴦ӪС֮ǰͨİŻ飬ûκע⡣
ʱǰվʮͨʿЩµĲԼᶴϴʵͬСɡ
һִȣʿװʿվںǰʹ
˵һ䣬ַһƴСƲǲдɷһĵĹӷԺµ˵Ŀ²㣬֪Ѵش֮һԶʦطһܽԲ֮ڵ磬ʲô˶Բ
Ȼ֮ţɫһ漴¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫǴ˵֮УҲסд˱ض·ӡ֮ǰһܹ϶Ŀ˿ҲطЩ˼ˡ
ʿȷˣƺ׶еͨͷסΨд˷Գһ磬ûմŲƵֶΣ޷ѡ
֮䣬ƺͨ˽⣬Ҳѹ֣β֮ԺһУȻ
ǶᶴĵҪʲôûУҵרſ׶ݵҲһ֮¡
⣬ڳƤ£ûֶΣȻǲܳɹģЩˣϮɱ֮£ڳ˵ΣˣضҪעһɱ
ʿ㽫ؾ̸ȻһܹΣҲû̫දõĻᣬһβɹضԣݾߡ
һ£ʿֵ飬Ҫøɴ䣬ʧܣΨʡ
ģһС¹˹֣ʿ˵
šҲӶԴ·ǳأҰǺˣͺúøɰɡʿһתȴ
漴תȥ
Ŀ뿪ɣûɹӽ飬ԼضҪùҲû̫ĵǣϾʿʿʵǿ֮٣ôҲ㹻ˣΨһĵıǣңʧأֻߣ¶֮󣬹ѿ
¶Ļӿ϶ŹҵģʧԴһ㣬ҲҪ֪ܹԶħͷС
ӹһĨâ˲뵽˼ֽ赶ɱ˵İ취Щ취δܹ޷죬ҲҪ޷죬ֻҪһڵ̨˵ӡ
еҲƤ¶ˣֻҪҵһ˲ܴɶݣǴѣҲᾪˡ
ֵĻᣬöࡣ
ʱܿ죬£ʿ׼
ΧԶħͷһ׮Ͷ޴ջǾ޴ʢ£ʿ޷ɣҲΪʲôɢ޻ҲԽԽл÷ˮ¼
ţĳɢ޵ɽ£ԶزأʿԼݼ̲ԶĽָʥѪЩ֣˵ʿ𣬱ˣ£಻һ龳֣µÿһʵңȴȻҪҵǺ÷ƾĵ
ܹվڸߴһɽСⲢԼߵԵʣȴǽ̤֮ɽߣɽŷԶŵڣȻǵ˿Դģֻ˵ٺõɢǰҲҪ̾ɡ
վһ߲ɽϣæµɵ̾
µʿ¼·Ҵ˴μΧԶģ඼ϴѾйһξ֮ˣֻһ칦򣬱ȷڣ׼ʼھıˡ
׼ڴ˲һӴرȵķ󣬴˷ҪķѼֵĸֱĲɣʱҲϡ
ڼ䣬ʿҪʱʱķͬʱ÷Ԫȱﲹ䣬ҲǼҪ԰ǧ
ټϣЩ˲ŵģǲơ
Ҳѹһ̾ʿȷã֮ǣܹϣ档
Ҳﲻʲôæ˵ڸлǳһ
֮ǰûпͨΪΪҪӵн߾ǱȻȴû˵֮£ͨ඼սɱ֮з֣вûбҪ
ڲͬˣľΪƿǽͨԲѣ϶һѹأڲڵ֮ǰǵ֮ʿΪصѾǷ̥ǷѾĻķ֮
֮ǿʿʵѽླȻҪúýһ
ȥ׳ϣ˵ԼĴ㡣
һµ׳ϣѾӪ֮кһ϶ģǰμЦӣµĻ㼴ǣȻѾΧԶ飬ְأ׼ʱμÿյѲߡ
֮ҪѲߣΪܼӳħͷһб䣬跨ʿҲԼʱӳǼҪ֮¡
ȻҲһ㣬ͷǡ
ĳ⼸ʱúòÿյĵîѲߣȴǱزٵġ
ʾ֮㿪ʼÿղƾ춦Сû֮ԼתĶһ˿˿۷ࡣ
һȫµķ࣬ͬȥ࣬ɻȵȣǴΪգΪˡ
˷ࡣ
ʵ˷࣬У಻ټ˷࣬Ƚʿ˲ٵı仯
ȱ̺ʿ֮ʱɳơסʿģûȻ̺һ˿ʣܺʲ࣬ԶԶ޷ȻᲢۡ
ַֻ൱׷ٻ׻
̺࣬ȴ൱ȻÿһҪѰٵϷ̺ҲȽʿһ
ЩۺһǻΪʵﵽľأɳơס
ֻǶŶѣֻ൱֮УȻ׵磬뽫Źҵľ磬ܹףӵжȽپʵܳĻɣԼȾҪ׺ξΣճ̶Զܱ⡣
ұףΪеصԵʣҲ٣൱ڵ³׻
춦Уķֱ
ԭҲȫȻͬģϷ֣ףףϷ֣֮ģеĳһ֣Ƕףӽڻ磬ʻӣȴޱȵһ
Ƕף㲻ͬڵʣΪעصβĻֿ֣ɷΪףףء
ŹҲҪʿﵽ龳ϲϰʼգ׵ľ磬ܹԦ׶ˡ
ңǽ׾磬ʼϰҪﵽȽپҲ˵Բ۷壬Ҫ޳ɣȴǵ񣬴ﵽɡ
ٻɶȽ֮ʱɼĽɣ沢ᶼˣٻÿһ˿޸ĸƼһ˿һ˿ȵȫģ֮ʱ
׾磬ԴԴϵɽףԵ֮ʱش֣ƣȴ޸Ƽ޷ġ
Źá
ףǵϣ߲ʿҪ׽ٿ飬ǵʿҲԵֵӦϸҪһ飬ش
ɹ飬Ψλ߲ףλߣɵۡ
Ҳ룬Ҫ־磬µôﵽΪϲУʲôΪܹﵽϣԶɹ֮ˣ˵ǷǳԶ֮£ͺ񵱳ū֮ʱԳΪ쾳ʿ룬ʵʵǣϢΪǡ
֮ϱһ׹֣ƾ跨תɵȻķޣҲ߹ģʮ֮ˡ
ʮɸߵķ࣬˼൱ٱķҺľȫָٴΣɹ
ֺķѷĳ̶ȣʮϣҪⶼ࣬ǲװ
ʱ֣ɵķ࣬β޴ȴʵܼʤԿϬ
һвͬȫ׹ڽ֮дһ˿Ĺ⣬·һ㡣
˿̣ɵ׹⣬һĿģ˷࣬ڴԭתΪˣɹ
̡
һͷˣһ㣬˫֣ǰ꣬ԲʶȫУ޶¡
ƾʶ͵ķÿһӿɵһ֮ĸܡ
ȵ·һܽػһ㡣
Ƿ౾̺ĿֲĴҲȫǴ֪Ȼ·ʱ̴֮ɸ߷ֻ࣬һ˻ܳ
ͨķ֮࣬Ӵǿ̶ȣѾ󲿷ʿ
ҲҪ࣬ʱ뾫һ˵ԭ򣬱ϾųǿԲħɷ֮ɱȵġ
ˣСһ㣬˹ˡͻȻ۲ʱ򣬶һ
𣿴ǿ̽ʦĶͬΪΧԶʿͬˣûеˣҲûֻ̫࣬ǻջء
˿ĹǶʵڵͨȻ͵Ҳ뱩¶̫ࡣ
ΪЩֻżȻ·Լ޹ϵʱȴֲȻ˹
תͷȥȴһϢʿʮʿ˹
ӣ㰡ԱߣȻҲʿǺ£ɵЦ˵
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594 Ϯɱ£
ֻоԪӿ籩Ϯһ޿ɵԼ˲㼴һ谵֮С
Ƭزͬһ㶴죬ܾԻȫȻûĴڣʶȻҲӦ˿Ĵڣܿռƺ˿˿籩ƾӿ֣Ҳӿ׷׼䣬ͣسˢ
˵ѰˮƽĴ󽭴ӣ棬ôǷĵʯ̲֪ӺδĿҷ籩ԶɱһҲ޷⴦ط
ȫ¹ĵͷɢ͵³˷ǹ룬ˮ֣쾳ϵĹҲ߱һķû̱˺ѡ
һȴû˿ңǷɿɨһܡһߣ֮ڵķ籩ƽϢ·ͷҲŻ䣬ƽʡ
ﲻ磬ղ˶ʲôܿ㷢Ĳͬ
оԼǱˣԷҪԼ
οӡµĴЦ˳ӰȻǰֵ֣ģʮᶴͨʿ
ȻҵһǧѷĴʱΪȻһˣûзǽʿԼеʿһ룬ˣӪãǲڳαװ˫ϣض֪
ʲôˣоȣһ漴ӦʶϢˣԭǶᶴˣôԸ𣿡
󵨣ǹӵ䣬ֱģЦҲ֪֪֮˹ӣģԭµĻһܴ󷢴ȱһʹ졣
͸űɱ⣬ȴǴЦݣ˵
ķӦʵЩ棬Ȼû˿ңҲթһ˵
˵ŵͬʱʾµʿΧӲͬķ£
ԭâû뵽ԼֻСĦȴԼزɣҪںԣƣȴǷǵزɡ
ƾǣҲɱңеʲôܽյ챦ƾסҡмص߶״ݣ׹⣬Զȥ
һ׶ݣѾ龳ϣԲչգۿűҪԪӿĵطƿնȥʱһޱȺʵ͵صѹ
Ȼһ죬Ӱڿ³֣Զ˺ʮ⣬ȴȻͣڴ˽磬ûܹݳ
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֪ڵ㵨ҶԹӲѾˡūСܹǵģ֪ΪжΣղΪиɱϾһвֱӱܽ˽磬ʹ·ӡ
ҽ˴ǼӴȻⲻĶ磬ҲԳһţޱҲ޷ߣǣܴݣն
ʮͨʿȴֻһˣѾ˵ʤȯգ֮䣬Ҳû˿˼ɡ
˵ֻģõΪ֮ţԶŵʱɶסһʱɣͻƣȫ֧ŵһսʱҲǷǳ䱦أѡ
õģסңδؾɱңЩͨʿǳδ֪ǲɴ⡣Ծȴٴ侲
ͻȻٳħֱԼİΧȦȥ
ߣ֣ûԥϺʿ
ɲ֮䣬ʮʿһ
ҵ죡
صһըһŻ⣬̺ĺҵ𣬵ɢ裬·һ硣
ɭĻ⣬ʱӳܡ
ȻЩʿȴƺ׼һ⸡֣ɻֵԭԷپһеĺҵǰҹ鷢İһ㣬úѹɺĻҲ·Ϊ˰衣
ˮбɫһ䡣
ˮзͬԶ֮ϳ˴ҲԶŷһ֡
ΪƷףҪĵıģĳɱͨʿԸˣʿ˷֮ͬһ㣬ѵԿϣԪתʩչֻͨЩƵƷֽӵм̲ʵķҪöࡣ
󲿷ַһԵģȴ˿ѷɫڷ
ʱףЩ˹Ȼбͷ׼ķרſԼ츳طġ
ҵ֮ѿǵˣδȫҲû˿⣬Ȼ͵һն䣬ĵâӹһͨʿļ򣬾ֱ
ʿӰŤһ£ǻһĹţɿ˳ȥ
ٶȣȻ˿ܹյһ
ʿѳô˻Ǳ˽ǰƺѽյһԻɱΪأ֮䣬ҲǺ顣
ɲǼ䣬ɽ⣬׻𣬺ϡ
һ漴ȴȻϲɱɱ
ͨʿʵʵһУҲླʿԲˣ츳ӵԶʤڵзླʿʵҲԵֵ
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׷֮ǿ֮޷ƣĳЩųƿıģҲֻǶˣϲҵһ㱻ơ
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ֻת֮䣬Χʿ㱻ɱˣزȣǿʵǡ
ĹԶֹڴˣڸӦЩʿʶӿʶؿһλģ֮ͻȻ׿Լɱ˵ˣһ˹ת֮ӰǰʧȻգ
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ʿŴڵ΢΢սţòࡱһѪ֫ٺ
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ҾȻӲˣʶͷվޣܹ춦ԴԴϵز䣬Ҳ޷һ֣Ƴһ㣬ɱʣˡ
ɫҰףϵ׹ͻȻȥ
ȻսȻʱ಻ܣǿд߶Ѿľȫľȫڱǵķ߶֮¾ѣʿǿᣬе˺ҲֲûܵӳֵƣҪ˵һͨɢޣҲܹͨѪķ²ӡ
ʱȴ޷߶ط˲ɱʿˣһ˲ͣ٣ʹʿõᡣ


595 ϣ
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һ£漴ʶǲΨһᣬ˶Ҫط֮¡
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ƲأȴӹһٵʿҲͬŲͬ飬Ȼһ
Щ˱ǱսʿٶӣҲȻоһսͨʿĻʮһΧһˣתۼˣֻѱɢˡ
Щˡɫ΢䡣
п֪ȫķѾڸղźȻգȻ춦Ѹٹעֲȴһʱۣ֮Ǽתֱ£ﵽΣʱ̡
ף
۷ĿĹһһ𣬵ȼա
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ת֮㱻뵽һ֮С
һʿһֻĺ«ãã̻𣬴ӿЩžı̻ܿȫһֳĶζд
һʿĹҲ֮ϵֱӼһöƴСӡȻͬɽһ޴ܱ߿ռ䶼˺ƣųޱȵ̣Хѹ
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ЩʿҪһоʱȴͻȻһŹֵӡľɽ֮´˳
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ӦڶʿҲɵ÷׷ɫ䣬ȴ뵽ǿᵽ˵ĵزҪ޵ˣ
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Щʿܿɽ´׹⣬ޱȵľɽҲ·һգͨ졣
˿˿ˮɽ˳ȻһԼʮɣ׹ҫķ´зɳ
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ղűֳǿʵطǿд߶ɣʿֻҪ߶УѾս԰ܣȫһˡ
ģ˼Ԫ֮˺ľǮƣһ㡣
ЩʿôҲû뵽ˣ֮еĴ̼֣֮ˣʹһʱת飬ҲԺܿɽ𣬾䵽ľ硣
һʿԷɢ
ǲǾսҪľ룬սپתΪ߲֪ץסᣬƾ״ݵûת֮ɱˣʱʿʣ޼ضܡ
пܣ˶Ҫת֮㱻ɱ⣡
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ЩɢӿӰȴͫȻһ£׹̫׹أ͵رɢ
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Щ֣ף֮ãȻҲԲı仯һ˲佫ʮʱ޵ķ
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Ҳ⣬Ա֮󣬷Բʮ˲ͱ׳⣬ЩɢӿʿתҲûС
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еһУը׹⳹ڣ촷ۡ
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ʵǱһױŵˡ
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Ա࣬˲ɱʿĳʩطϸǾ̾ϣƺΪ춦Ϊ˱࣬ת֮ʱǵӦֱ֣ѱķһ㡣
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ˡ龪һæΣ۳һӰס
飬ڷľ춦䣬һ㲢޴󰭣ȴƺܵ˲صˡź䴫Ѫ֮һԼȫ٣ΪҴ߶ˡ
Ͼƣ˿̵ûླۣҪ˵ﵽͨвԽȫת࣬ǧ
ԵĻղһԱ࣬ľ޴֮⣬㲻˼ˣضߣܿνʧ
ǵģˣȫѾһӣϢԭʼԪɿ̽һ壬˵
Щص˺˿̳˽ΪΣ

ʱ֮վһ
ʱ䣬ԪǳɹָŷҲ
ʿֱǲ˼飬ΪޣʹʱʱҲ磬˷ѣԣʿ޷ȴԱʱ֮衣
ȴ춦ΪڶѪ⾫ȻԪΪ֣Щʹöʱʱ㹻ķԱʱ֮衣
ȻĿǰΪҲͬʱЩصһȴʤڻָٶȼޱȣʿԪ֮ҲҪʱľ޴ģȻʮϢ֮ˡ
ҲΪˣղŵʱʵԻָӶ࣬ڵķһֱǱֳ״̬ġ
ֻˣԱһʱ֮䣬Ҳ޻ָʮϡ
Щ˾ȻϮңȥ֮󣬶ҪǺÿЦһǶᶴ죬ѳ⡣
Ҳû뵽ԼΪУȻɱ
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ȴǴӺѳ֮ƾ²ĿŵϮɱصıϷ
Գһ磬ӪĿռ춦ȷһ㣬ޱȡ
ҵʱҲȷʵȻߣߡ
úʹε˵Զŵʱɸֶסһʱ񣬾󲿷ɥʧҲȻͨʿѳġ
ֻһˣƾ֮еǣ׼ȷҵ˴СĽڣȥĻֻǿƽһ·ߡҶԵƷһԲӣ»鷳һΣѰҳڣָ»ȥ
һ߽춦붦пռӵĲлƮȥһȴǽµʬҲȥ͵֮У׽飬
ĵˣǹɱֱӻʬ£˳ֲһЩʧ
ӵõ֮󣬺úòʱ͸ɣȻָڡ
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ҵĵطûȷڣСרסֵô⴦طɱĴţŪֵǹؼԿס
ȴû̶ͨʧ·ա
ɫ糣ΪѾҵţԿ֣ʱҪȥԡ
Ϊʲôȥֵʵ
ڻųȥЩ˰ǰգʿֻѲҰ˰ɡһһĨɱݼţҪָȵ״̬֮ʱٶҲ١ҳȥԺ󣬶Ҫ֪Ҷֵĺ
ֻ»㱨ʱҪΧǣȻٲЩᶴʿɱ˵ĻҵҲ׷ġӴ֮һ˿ͷ֪ҪѩޣɵǵȰ
ȰԵ±ԹǵĻ鷳
һҲˣհǰ˺ʵҵʿΪȻܹƺɱңпΪǱȫʵĵֻ侲˵һ˵úܶԣڵȷǱʱ򡣡
ȻҲɱϻ׷飬սɵ֪ػɱǣξ֮УҲΧȱ֣ʵ˵ĻٴӽųеֲˣôҲ䵽ȱǱ޷ΧԵĵز
ĵģ춦Ԫ䣬Ĺھ޴һЩʿ֣Աҵķ࣬ʵڲ٣ڶʬв٣ͳȫָȻָȥ֡
˵ɵЦһˣ⴦ޱȣȲҲҲû˴ÿԱչء
ǣһ£ҹޣࡣ
һʱ䣬ǰȫͶУˣûȫʮɸߵķ࣬ҲнӽɸߣָС룬ʱҲȫ춦еʬһɵľתΪԭʼԪԭʼԪתΪ»
ֱʮ֮оָ٣Ҳﵽ˽ӽ֮ߣ׳ϵ˲Լʬʧ٣Ҳýˣա
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ħ׼ȷ˵ĽڣٴһգȻ󣬻⣬˽ȥ


596 £
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׳ɫ΢û˿飬ףΧߵҵĴϡ
ΧԶоȻ֮£ֱ𾪣ƳϣǲʿΧӣܷʵ棿
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ΪҼʿҹ˴ʮʿӪҰֵĲѲ֮ʱҲۿˡ׳ʵ
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ӺҼӵĳ϶ָνͣѷɽ棬˼ҲǶᶴʿʮ֣Ȼ޹ʧģǺͬʱʧ٣Ǳ˵߱ض׳һ
ʱҲֻܵȳϢˣʿǸԵ˽δܹȻ̾
ʵ࣬Ѳµˣȴûֱӵָ֤ˣֻܽʧٵһ׮ͷ
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ƳϰҲһӦʣ㶼ֻǳƲ֪飬ȴˣƳϼ󣬵ҲӦ֪µĳ֣пܣʮʿǾתֱӴΧԶгġ
ȻûмᶴĻᣬҲ֪Щָʿţ׳ϽͣȴҲˣ֮пܣ±ָʹ
Ǿܲϣһʱ֮䣬Ҳ޿κΡ
˽ֻ֣Ӱ֮ʱͻȻһʿҴӪʡ
׳鱾ͲãԼ̵ʿɵɫʿȴǰ촽΢ܡ
ʲô׳֮£ɵ¶̲סվ
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Ƴϵɫ֮ǰڵʣЩΧ˼ΪӪʿͬʱʧ٣Ȼˣ
ȥӪʵȺҪ׳ϸɿһûпƳϵɫǰŵʿ˵
ǡʿ˹֣ȥ
׳ϵӪУȴ֣׳ϣΧԶλҲڣЩһֱֱעĿɫΪӡ
׳ϵƽ֮дż־ϲλԴź֮⣬׳һλϣȴɫأضԼ
ҲϳˣǶᶴĻƳϣʿϮԼˣ㲻ָʹģҲһЩϵЩʿûаҵΧԶ飬϶йء
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ӦϮʧ٣ȴ˵úԼ̰棬֪ܵĶȥһ㣬µӦîôƽ׵ġ
׳ϵİʾ΢΢һЦϣطżиǰɽϹȥˣһʱûüʵҵĹǣҲλԭ¡
ԭطȥˣӣһͨչأɻ湻õġƳɫŹֵصҳɣδţȻʿҲѪչؿ֮٣粢ʲô̫ƽطɽ֮ϣΣصڣҪ˵ӵܣЩ֣ͨҲԸͣ̸ʲô
ղûг֣˶Ϊȫʣڣˣᶴʿȴûлûô򵥱ꡣ
ƳһۣƺżԹΪתһ룬Ҳµ˼֡
Լʧٽ֮ãλᶴĳϣضܵҺΧԶѹЩޡ
ˣһûأЦһȴ֪ԼĵˣǴˣҲֻ֣תʿѣԼԸкã
Ц󣬺ܿƽ飬ЦԵϺγԣҵʿչʮضδãο£
ƳһʱЩȻЩޣҪһȴû뵽˵ʵҲԡ
ڷ˶ԣʱ䵱Ȼãʿԣʵ̫ˣֵһᡣ
֮£ֻΪݲʱʧٶѡ
˵ûڲԼʱ䣬Χԣְأһ£˽£˽ϹƳֻõ
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˵ķݶ׿ŵĶָΧԣӦõһݣӵܵʲΧԵĶУǧ֮䣬һɱǼֵ
һЩӵܻῴأ˵ѾνˣǧҲڡ
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ƳҲټ׷ֻګګȥ
뿪Ӫ֮׳Ͻѯ龭ӣԸˣ⾿ô£
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ȴȻ׳ϣγԣ
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ȴǰСӣʵ̫ʡˣæǰæ㵹ã֮ʱװɵ㶡
һģ׳ˣҸղѾ˵żи򣬹ȥˡһ׳˵ʲôӣֱʸڷϡ
׳һ£漴ʲô罥£㲻Ҫ֮£ҲжţʿϮ㣬ҲѾ֪ˣֻǿûץסԷİѱ޷ѡ
ߣƷҼҲЩˣҪʱƣʲôˡ
ᣬ岻֧ˣĽ͡
Ŀ֮䣬˽𣬺αؼ֣ģҲûʲôֻ޹ҲǶᶴ֮Ϯҡ
ðɣԼ뿪ˣһȥʵţпյĻһҲԳûύʦҩʦ׳޿κε˵óǴˣƳˣˣҲʵ޷
ѹգҪúտֲˣҲֻܾпվͶЩʦ֮򽻵Ϊٸ׼飬Ҫм֧֡
Ҳû˵ʲôֻǸ뿪
ǲܸˣԸǣʵ̫󡣡
ĬȻ˼
Ҳû뵽Ȼðʧ͵ΣգǰϮɱԼԼֻһСɱҲɱˣ̫鷳ɡ
˼һ淢ȷˡԼ棬Ϊһӵܣ׽֮˴ΪߣԳɹҵ˲Ӱ죬Ϊ˱ˣﻹҪѹ´£䵭á
ô죿ҪҲܴģĻ鷳ġԴһ˿ǣ˵óĲƽԸҪɱ֮ˣǰֻһСûݵʱ򣬵Ҳˣʵǿߣȴ˲ַľ赽ͷϣҲûô
ܱ㱨ܣ̣ô򵥣ҲǱô򵥣֮壬ֻ֪Ҳ֮ٶҶκ˼ˡ
ʵҵڸ³ԺȻ˷ˣɱ֮Ҳϴɣժˡ
ҪԸңժкãﰵֶΣȻ᲻ϵֻӭͷʹ֪ҵסԷס֮ϢˣҲֻܳƿ
ȻһЦȵʱͲҪұˣΪԺΪĴ֣ȴֻ͡
ô˵ƺҲеڲҪ㵱ˣֻΪֿԲСѡӵ
ӣ㲻Ϊҵģ飬ˡӦһ漴뿪
ҹᶴӪ⣬һӰȻ֡
һȫ½Աڼ׸ǣĿϣȻɭϢ
һ˱ħӰϢظϣȴǷͶӰ
Ӱƾ춦ԶžʱûһδгֹķϤ˼ˣҲϲۡ
һԣһʿֻһ࣬޵ԵʣѪޣ޷֮ͬʱͶ뵽ϣҲֻӵ춦ʿͬʱͶ࣬۳Ρ
ѾǰΪǿ˷Ϊ࣬ȴǿߣԻˡ
ڣָڴˣʸڷϣಢ
ۿһʿҪǰЦһּѿһöСʯ裬ػǶʿ¡
ΪԽԽߣûӪأˣԶĸֲûзֻЩѲߵʿ
Щ˷ֶʱٴУ˹˭
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һ׹⣬Ȼͬʵʵ׹⣬˲˵ͷʿ࣬Ȼ߸ߴ˳ȥ
ת֮䣬ڵʿѱ
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597 ϣ
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ת֮䣬Ⱥʿȫȥȴ˵Ӱûп
ϮЩʿ֮սҲ飬ֱתߡ
һ˲ֻȥͬûԼӰȴǴҡڵطƽɣԶȥ
Ӵ󵨣
ԶԶһĻҴҸĻƳϵˣʱŭ
ҲԼµ˭ȴԾɲӸտʼϢЩʿֻж̶Ϣʱ䣬ǴԶӪһͨϵĳ֡
ϣԷ߲ư᲻ġһʿԼµʲôɵÿϡ
Ӧĸ֣˭ĿŵƳϷȻ˵
׳ӪбڵʣѱһӻйǷͬСɡ
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ĿܣȻµĸ֣֪µصĽӵǿʵҲΪ档
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ֻҪܽǰ֮׽סڣǱа취õԼҪĶ
¶עˣܹ׽ػ׽ʵڻ׽˱ɱд֮̽鱨İ취ǧҪѻԻꡣƳϷԸ
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УǿҵĲ뵽һ㡣
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࣬һ壬򷨲մ
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ЩʿĺȻ֮УƳϵĲôǵ棬С
Ȼ׹⣬Ȼһʧ֮⣬գ֮䣬ΣӰ١
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Ȱ鴫ȥɣԷɱǶмȻǳŻƳġȻȥѶ˵
һ˿Ц֮У˿ɬ
ҹƳΧʿˡ


598 £
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ͻ֮ҲȷǾˣħ֮У϶λȨߣò׵ġ
Ӵ˵ؿʼԲɷŹκ˿ϸѣзκɴֱǧﴫгս
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Ȼ֪þգɱƳϣĿҲѾﵽȻΪˣƾϰš
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ҲΧԶһ𣬲跨󣬽ύ֣𽥵ȵһ׼ڳϿ֮ա
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ȵ֪Щ죬漴ҲȻˡ
Χ֮£Ǹ湲ͬµģķҲֶԶħͷģټȻõǣԶŵףѹħͷӲʵ
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ڽųΧʮҰׯӲľʯɣ֯ȵȶ;ЩʿǨ˵صķˣΪʿǵıӻڴ档
ĻҵǳˡһٵķΧ΢ЦԵظеο
ڵ磬ѾȥǸ˾ͼĻ֮ˣҶٸټʱľӪ裬ǷʹҲȹʱ򣬼֮±ȥҲ̲űصһ㣬ǹ£ҪµĴʵ̫ԶԶܽܵķΧ
һս޷ϣȻݵ̶˫ԹԽԽħƶңˣħˣ鷢
ͺ޹ʹɵɽͷһ㣬ħսʿΪ֮ɥ˭ҲԵΣ
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ǵãﻹһҪҪ
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Χ֮ľ࣬Ϊһֱ׳ϺϰţҲֲογеԭֻ氲ܿҪνѣҲָΪΧףˣ൱ȻרעԼ˽¡
˵׼һΪΪףǴԽɳвıϣȻҪĥµø˵
һλȥʦǰԪ½̽ѰɽǷջ񣬻֮󣬶ֱӷء
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뵽ǰУصԼۡ
֮ۡУмΧԶϢλˣ÷æѾں³ӭ
ӻˡֽǣŮԶԶеķ⻪Ķ֣æ
ųǵķѾƣ˵ʿ飬Ѿһţһ壬ݵȻҪõȷϣܷУһʱ䣬˳ǵĶûˣֻΧԶѡ
֪ˡЦ漴ȴ뵽һ£ֵϲĶԺɲҪٳƹˣϺϴϢѾȷ¹ҵ֮ڣλãҲȷүүʦҲʱύίʦΪ飬ǱߣҲѾͨˡ
ǣ֪ˣԺóƹΪˡΪϲĶŮεЦ
ŮǽһӸķˣȴǲףǲãСʱͬһ𳤴ѾߣҲŹ
šص˵ͷڲɷϣͷϵĳƺΣؼǣӹӱɷϵıǨӴ֮ڼռһϯ֮أҲӵλ׹ʸ񣬶ӵĻȻӵһûʸһġ
ԵƬ̣㿴Զո˷ɢ˹
ЦǰʦܣڻˡһΧԣˡ
ʦ㡣ŮǰӭԼЦΧԣҲֻࡣڼտԪ½֮£ҪѲ˼
֪Լڵʱ򣬲տԪ½Ҫע׶ˣҰճɣȻرµ˼ǿ϶ģпӰ쵽
ĻмԵԵڴлʦˡ
Щ˼ǡʲôл
룬ҲǣȻûߵһ˵ǿҪΪһˣɵҲЦЦĿͶˡ
Ȼûκα仯÷ŮȴǱøӵгϣɵɬŮתΪĹˡ
ɷ֮ǣǶԣһʱţΪпᣬȻפյȵҩഺפҲԪļ٣֮󣬿϶Ҫڳʱˡ
¸̾һҲ֪޿ɱ֮£ΪʿǲҪ̫ЩΪãǰˡ
ȻЦ⣬к˼漴ԼŮڶ¶
÷Ц⣬æ죬е
ڶ¶˵ˣȵؿŷ۵СޣƺЩηԼĸ󣬽ץסȹǲţʱӣҲȷӦǻ˵ˡ


599 ɳǣϣ
ӦǻʶҡԳһЦ
÷ԵЩȻƽûٽŮлط֮ʱгøһϲȴ޶ӲǲϿڡ
꼸ⱼҲӦõģСʱϣԴ֮󣬻취뼸ʿʦһ似պ͵ɣҪ̫ˡҼҵǧԣСҪǿɲֻܵĸȹǵޡ˰֣οһ÷漴ȴ˵ˣǸղŽʲô
ϣһ˿ɻ
ŶһصĳƺһԣֻеõʽϵӵܣʸΪ
˶ø䣬ҲаǲĲȥͬģַԱ˸ӹӶ࣬統Ԫ̨
壬ȴ壬Ȩƺ͵λΪͬ
ܷһĻӵܣڼ֮Уеλڷ·չ˳򣬽ҲƵۡ
Щ׵۹һ㶼ŹΣӴ˿ڿṩʦвѡѵʿĺӣӵ츳֮ˣҲ帧ʩԶʹЧԼö֮˲żüãǿ׳ʱ򣬰֮ڵĸ嶼ΪַȥһǿƵ֧γˡ
꣬ɵķͨ飬ӵҲ͵ǿ磬統һ㡭ϵԽԽ㣬ҲǸٹ̣ŷʹγɡ
ʣԼûгΪɻؿˡ
ʦܣ㻹֪ڼһ֮ˣ뷷鶼Ѱ䷢УֻȥԪ½פ壬ʽЧˡ֪ЦŽ͵
ԭһ֮ˡԣϲֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ漴ЦĻ˼꣬Ϊ֮󣬻ʱ䣬ܾ
ΪΪºֻͣͣͬΪЧӵܶẮġ
²ɣȴ֪ڹħŲƷ֮ʱӾٻһΣʹش˵Ĵ󹦣ȴǼ޷ģӿͨĿ飬ַҲͶұˡ
⵹ҲǡԭԴ֮Ҳûбֳ̫⣬ԭʦǰԪ½ִ£ʽ뷷⣬ˡ
ȥԪ½Ļ¶죬㲻ͬȥ𣿡
ҵȻҪȥ绹һҪ
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Ǻðɣľˡô˵Ҳֻ̾Ϣһʹա
ȡֵСŮˣȻҲ֪ԼȥֻܳΪĸѾطླ״ݣ׵ȵȱֶͨκͷôҲվ
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ϲӹһĨߣ漴ȴص˵ͷұϵ㡣
ãǽȥɡЦ
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Թܷɾ죬ҲҪԵģҶǴСʱԻǣ̫ġ֪е֮飬ɰο
Ҳ֪ڷңһԵɣǺ֮У𣬵ʱҲԹҫ壬ͬʱ׳̾
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ҲãЩ˵Ϊǵ˵㣬ǿ֮ˣһ취緻У׵ġ
вͱã鲻
ƣ񣬷Ӱ죬ѵЩˣǶҵӵܣ׷ҿԣȴڴ˰ңųǣڷΪá
Ҳ֪Լ˹ģ˴Ҳáͬ
ǿΪ𣬵ʿδΪſǣҪǵʿĳƷУǱȵණ˼ãǽưãҲǾǵǰ̡
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һΣûΪ˽ǣһά˼úܺá
ĻЩ졣
룬ԼϮɱԼɱ˶ԷĻƳϣй
濴ŵµȴǸһ˿ֵɫͣԻżĪɡ
֪ɱƳּ֮ɴ࣬ûоս׾ٱ㽫֮ɱˡ
ʱڳ֮˶϶ضǲ¸ģ׳ϸ֮ʱµδ֣пԼԶ֡
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棬ӿڲģʵڽƻҪҪҳ̽һеһ䣬ײӰȻ֡
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صģţʿȻĽǲΪ⣬Ϊ֪ĵ̣ӵнڲ࣬ҲȻģǰҲ顣
壬յһķӵһϯ֮أ̽ģȥɡ治ɫش
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׾ͺãɻʲô£ʵûеĻ°ɡ
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棬òǴ̽һЩõϢ
һѾ뿪磬֮ǰʲôԹʱԸһˣԼɱ˻Ƴϸգɱʮʿһƿ϶ҪģŻⶼδ֮£ʱԲᡣ
ѾĬԼ뿪磬ܵųǹˡΪսƽܴ˵طλıҪҲ࣬ӵܷأӵܽפֻأԼΪ½ȻԷΪء
棬Ѿ뿪磬֪εηǱȥˣϴδս֮˲Сû춦ıʱŻ
ټϣһΧԣԼ׺ΪһֱΪ̽Ѱɳ׼ѱ˼֡
ʱƺ٣δͼ͹Զɽ鱨֮⣬һУ׼
Ȼˣ²˳٣ʦ뿪磬Ҳɡ
ѡһ϶ӵܳӣ֪뿪ųǣһǱɳǡ
⴦طǰͼɲᣬͽģ·ȻΪϤ


600 ɳǣ£
֪УһܳУȻȥࡣ
ʱ䣬ҹ̣ٸ·ֱܿ򰵵ĸߣڵһƬ֮
Ƭط˷ɽ·Դأظֱ仯ˮת
ԶɽŨأҴܣԪԶطΪ񱩣·Ϯʯ̲˼ˮصĴڽʯϡ
ȻǺˣֻͽ͵ؼһˮÿһ׻ž޴Ŀռѷ֣ưų׵׹ӿ֣ڰ׶ɫ֮У̺ĵ̡
֪Լϴεľ޳ǣѾܽˡ
Ȼ֮ԶһΡľ޳ǶԴڻҰ֮С
ϴ̽Ѱ֮ʱֵǿϢȻڣЩϢȫһγ˼أգѹ˵ͷһʿǰֻ»δӽҪ޵Ŀ־壬׿
Ρľ޳ǣͷ·һ޴ޱȵħޣʱҪɱˣֻҪӽҪɥĴ
ԶԶһĬȻ˼֮󣬲ڵأȫԪϢ
һȻ̽Ѱ𣿡ʵ
ˣҾǰ
ΪΣ壬ǸӰȫʵڲУն꣬׳ʿַһطĪ⣬Ͼô״ġӵ
һΣ̽ɳǵ޳ǣͨķʽж黤֣оգһΣȴǾְ취Ϊǰ
Ҳ˵겢壬ǰգп档
޳ɷ࣬һٶҲԶȵȥ࣬ҪΣ֮ʱѣɴ˻ͻƿͨԲҲ˵ˣӲʵҲҪ˵
οȻΣգҲδΣգϾȥ⴦طͨʲôӣѾ֪ҹȥ˵зϹŵĹģΪʱȥ̫ãϬޱȵĻ壬ˣ֧ŽתķҲѸưܣеѪٸѾϣһȺĹ޼ɵֱӴУɨĹҡ
ֻЩ泤õĶŶЩĹãҲʮڵģ𾧴ļˣУͣЩԱʮ϶ʲ䡣
˼˵ĵƾ仯δȥǰˣ籾ףûɵĵģӾص
水˵⴦طΣս׵Ļڱ׻ѾһЩĵã࣬ת֮˵ʤģټϴ׵ķȫԵ׺
ȴЦЦҿûô˵澳ΣϴҲû̽½ۣҲ²⣬ɽ֮пռضΪǲرأѹĶ׼Զħͷôܽϣ֮ϣ
Ĳ²⣬ɳòŵô˵Ҳпܡ
ô˵Щ⣬ȴ͵ԶɹԽƺͷΪǶ޳ΪɱأҪǷֹ˿̽Ƿֹħͷӳ籾ĻΪ
Ѻħͷ൮Զ֮ǰ̫ţʱԪؽͬҲֻܿŷӡǵʹ֮𽥻ΪޣзǲɱǵģֻƺͷĻ塣
籾֮
ͷǾˣصͥرĻʱţҲûʲôµˣûţСҲɴһɡ
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̵Ǵͦ죬Զ˵ȷǻ۵飬ҲڿԹ֮ͨУҪ󱲣ֵĿܣҪؽƢ
˵һѾЩ²ú͸ΨһǣʵΣҲֻƾѣδؾ׼ȷ
ˣɽ磬ɽ֮Уй屦Ҳǵ֮ңʧ֮ƾͼ֮һ翵ȫ书Ͼ̫ѣҲȫԸѡ
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ӿ£޳Ƕһ̷̵Ũţ·𺮶٣ڸǡ
Уǿʱ򣬺ܿоԼϵԪʼţƺѹЩԶħͷķ֮С
ϴѾһΣ춦˿˿ԪתԴԴϣע֫ٺ֮УһԪĹԪ⣬ɥʧĸо̼࣬ȻȻǸо󣬷Ҳƾţȴܹҧܣ֮ǰ޷ʴˡ
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оԼԽԽأԭķҲʼغͺʵ֮У繯һ㡣
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⣬ԼصĲл귨࣬һɵɫӰȻա
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˿˿񱩵ĵâƬʱԼһ󽹺ڵĳ̣Ѫ⽹εζ
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ԭֻŸָ򣬽ɵĿͶ޳ϿյУԪΪǿʢͬʱҲЩӣƺǽ뺣ڣ峺֮пͨڡ
ң⴦ǱڣϿգλñضأ׷ԴͷϵĿܣǴ˵֮еɽ磬ˣɽ֮ҪӴ˴ʱʱѹҲöࡣ
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ˣȻӵرһ˿棬վǶȽٵϰ
ǵĪǧ٣ҲҪսս˿⣬ºһɶȹĻᶼСôѵĻУҲôˡ


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ȹ٣ô׵飬Զŵʱ򣬶Ƚ֮󣬱ǿ𻯷ֱλɰˣֽʱȻɵʧ䣬û˵λǿɼʿʵɱ䣬Ϊʿ
Ƚ٣ԭԲ۷ʸ漰һҪԵȹ֮޲ϲµٶ٣û֮ǣͬҲҪش
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ʱԶľ޳֮С
һ׳ľһɹŨܵĺħӰأԪӿ
ʱԿһЩɢļµĿֲϢӴӰ֮УǶѵͽһ㣬Щ֮ϣΣֳһӰη
⿴Ƴ֣·ڤڤ֮һڣϧţɱҲҪðôؾĺ֮˻ɱʱЩħӰȴǺȻɧ
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ȻЩߴϵӴħ񣬶һ߾ųߣ۽ӰֻӰȻ࣬ЩƵħ񣬹ȣֱ˵С֮
ӰȴһȻΧԲﶼû޴ӰڳΧ̨ߴϣŵħӰҲӴصһԣԵη־ء

Ӱһ£бһ۵ĺ֣ͬʱĸ̨ϣʮ˴Сĵ֣Щ񾡽ǣҲͬϑܲ͸磬ĩҳһ֧⼣߰ߣͬذĶϽѡ
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ӸܵϷյ춯յ˫ĿͻȻ΢΢һ罣üͷ΢·ڲʲô漴Ȼſ۾
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ǰˡħصǰľ޴ͷ­ϣ˷֮ɫǾ㳣˵ĺ֮ôƺǳζӡ
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˵仰ٴα۾
ħ룬ƺѼ⸱ģԴӦһǣȴҵڵշȥ
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ղֻǵһףǽףȴиܵԶʤղʮͷƤ飬ȫֱĴ롣
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׺Ͷ֮⣬һɱﵣǽ귨ȫһУ뵽֮Уɷླͨת䣬ʱʵûͨΪһն棬ھ޴Σı֮µԽ춨ԲɵĻ
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ϣʹֶεͷ𣬱㵹ˡ
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ͷ޳ǸѾ˾ˣȻǿʵ൱ԶʱɣǺεȵľˣ
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ﲻɾǿߣҲӦǵɣпɾ˾طɾ
һ磬пܣҲڵԼӦġ
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ĵ⣬ضסӰǰ
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еƣ·ڵøˣӿƣ·ԽԽҵĴ󺣣ԶԶţļ£е׹⣬Ҳը˹һ㣬ŭйһһ
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Ҳ֪˶ãеʮΣʼκβ۷ػת˼£һ˿ĵζڱպϡ
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ǳֵʱԣͲԲʿҲûٵʸ񣬽ѾΥؼĹٵ԰壬˵ǽףʸͬ˵ͨףִˡ
ڲ׷ʱҸ֪ﵽʲôصش
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602 ޳ǵ
ԴصһͻȻζӰ
һȴû
ܹԼûж⣬ȴǺһЩοҪԼղǱһ԰͵ϮӣֺαҪﶯ֣
ת֮󣬻ǰ˶ͷֻаߣȮһ˳ֹùŹ֡ô
λǰǳ鶯һ£̽ʵлȡ
ǰ˵𣿡ƺеǰʲô˼òŻȻҡԴĵֿЦ
ЦȻͷ˷ˣǷǣۣۼ׵ĹŹ⸱ЩȴԴи֮ܵ
ǰСǺ󱲡ǺЦмֻԴ
۵׷һĨŹ֮ɫ
ʲô·
ôʱȴּԳĻ͵һԴյҰȥһ㣬ȻҪˡ
˭Ȼ
˭𣡡ᵽ𣬻¶һȻɫƺЩĳȶ˼£ֱֻ裬漴ɷ˵޳Ƿȥ
ҪȥӴ󺧡ﲻ֪ʲôӵеϣĪʵ˵»˹죬Ҳ֪ȥʲô
ץУ޳ǷȥȴޱȣҴŲµˣһλеҵģҲѡֻܸȥһˡ
򶨵ͬʱȴҲЩڴ֮ϵĿռѷҲ˵޳ĴڣȻҲпԹ֮ͨԶŵǿɡ
û뵽Ȼѣܹ
Ҳһ̽ѰԶ֮صóȻȥΣչȻУգȴֵð
֮˾޳ǵ
ЩӴʱɵðľ޳ĵΣͷ·ǳһԭʼ֣ߴϵӴħ񱻲УסЩǽڰʵ֮䣬ԼŷĹâӡ֮ϣҲͼһ㣬ơ
УƺҲ̺һ˿µĵ̣Ըܵһ˴ùɶγѭĽơ
޳ԵѹֵգȻǻﴩУȴǺͣһһӴħӰ֮󣬲û統˽ӽһ֣ǻδˣ˿ᡣ
ﴩ֣ܿ죬ǰһ̨
ԶԶǷ·ɽƽĸ̨ϣһߴĸ߱ʯΣʯθ㻷͸ĺӰӰ֣һĺ֣صײ˹
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Ŀܿʯϵϣɵ¶־ȵɫô
Զʱα֮ˣ𣬴ҲƵڣ֣ܹ仯ΪΪķˮ룬һͷ­ܹԣҲǱ־Եĳɾ͡
Ⲣ˵Զ֮ǰħҲˣЩڻħ񣬱Ҳ壬ȣʤ࣬Ǵӵ񣬴Ҫ仯ε塣
ȵǣħͷľ޳֮УȻҲεĴڣ񣿻
Щ͸ԷĿͻȻ䵽ǰĶϽϣǶϽ棬Լ˿˿ɭȻĺ⣬˸ս
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֪ʲôΪλϽ̫࣬ʣͬʱӿͷ
ȴʯϵӣ֪ʱ۾â˹
ǰ֪ǰǰ˵أкηԸԥһ˵ҲԼµˣ˽ǻԼ϶ֹǺô򵥡
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漴ǰ⴦طգֲ֪±Ǩ仰ȴӦڵǣҲ֪Զ֮ʱڵһʱ֮䣬
ѣ͸ǽĩ֮ĩ֮Զʱڶδݣʱڵһ꣬ͬһʱ֮ڡĩ֮󣬱Ǵ˵֮еĩʱʱش䣬ɥ磬Ҳܹǧ鶼ټͨͳ֮
ӵĻɰɺ룬Զ֮ʱ˶δݣֳ˲ͬʱ
ǰǽĩ֮뵽ش
ĩ֮΢΢̧ͷɣϣ¶˼廳֮ɫ
ûóȻ˼Ʋͷȴղͷǿ֮ĻȻſ˲Զĸ̨Ե·һǰ㣬ȥβֵŤţһȻ׷תȦ
ô㵣ʱӿˣ벻ʱӦѾû˴˰ɣ
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۶Է˭ܹݣضԼ޷ģҲû˿˵֮ػشš
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ûˡûˡǺǺǺǡ⻹컯ŪˡЩɵѾĻƽ죬ɹǵв飬ҵ꼸ȰǣҪΪȴѹڴˣ
ԳһЦ֮Уƺ޵ĸп
漴Сѣ㲻ؾ߽һ㣬Һúÿ㡣
ûŲҲûлش
ȻǰλӣȴӣǵѶδɶ֪ܹóȻӽ
Ҫ˱ʯϣϻһϽϢٵӣǣ˿ɣԷֻҪ΢Сָͷ˲ɱķླʿԼΪͨԶǰҲͬ˵似һѡ
ʿʿ𣬾ͬʿ췲ˣΪ޴
뵽ǻڸңԷҪԼҲûбҪƭԼӽ̨֮ϣ洦ԳˣŲӣǰȥ
߽֮󣬲ӿˣҲ˶Է
ЩĴƵĺۣƸ֣ǻ棬ƽ
һ֧⼣߰ߣͬذĶϽôֱֱز࣬ϣ˿֮ĳ۱̴һѱѪմȾ֮ú󣬷绯ΪҺڵӡǡ
ӵò̫֪֮Զ񣬵Խʱ۹⣬ӢټΪЭͣüĿ֮䣬Ҳ̺һɲŭƣ˫۾һ˿â֣÷·ҹһ㣬ĳַǳͫףǳ֮֡
Ҳ֪Ӿ˶ٵķ˪ϳ˼ƣ붼ѿʼûҰˣתϵݣʾѾ긻׳ǿʼתĺ֮꣬ʱ⸱ӵģпΪפòֵģģЩഺķ룬һͳŲɣ֮С
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ʱ⣬ԶŵɹѾˣӵùȥ
ƺҲһУڶ΢΢̾һȥҲգʱȥڣл꣬춦п͵ܹƾҵǧ꣬г֮ʱ䵽ˣվҪŵġ
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ȴҲ֪Զʱ棬ٵĵزҲֻʱǨԭԿĿȴǱɷ֮ǵˡ
ﲢĵطΪλӷ·ƽһ㣬Ȼʵ
ǰҲǻԵɺ֮£˴ģǲǽɳǣʵ
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صԣһ
㻹ûиңʲôɵʧ䣬֮Ҫ׷ѰҲ˶Եİɣôģʵ֣ע
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ʿռŲƵĴ֪ͨĿ귽λʩչִĴŲ֮ǲ˿ܹ֪ɽ磬ſ
֮΢΢һȴһľ⣺ƺһʱرвл飬ɽϢǲлİɡ
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ӿһۣ˵ˡǶԴֻһ֪⣬͸˵أҲ̫ðʧˡ
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Ҳûǰλ԰׵ǰƭԼĿܣܣôôСȫԺԲơ
Ϊ֤ʵ²ʱȴӵȷˣǣҪӴ˴Խɽ磬ڳ˵Ρ
һԼã
磬ɽ磬أҲûȴΪЩ޷˷ǳֵ׼͹˵ʵˣˣֺг˵ôһ˵


603 
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ˣǴ˾ȻҲðգȴȷʵкܴܳɹˡ
Ȼȣ˰꣬ʿǧԪȴ㲻ΣԶ˵ʱΪ׾Թ϶
ب֪伸Ҳ㵥뿿ʱţܽΣĻδҲ̫һԸˣҲ˵֮ǰЩ˵ΣΪǽƽʵֻѹҵ֮ˣһѣųơ췣֮ۡ˽͵
췣ۣ֮ԣ𶯡
û뵽ղԼΪٽٵĶȻԶ˲
˵ⶫƺЩԨԴʱᣬ˵ͻȻ˿ͻȻһˮ𣬸̨Χʮ֣ǰ¶Ρ
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⣬ػش𣬲Щ񣬺жϽΧЩ̨ǲѾ࣬ķླʿƵģͺһѸľľͬԻֻܵȴȻķ籩߿𣬽١
ЩԺبǰ·ڳЦĲ
ҵΪȷԻЩЩңֻҪдӦûɡ˼һ󣬻ش
ûΪԼһеɥǳ侲˼Բߣͬʱָؼڣ۵ײһĨ֮ɫ漴ЦԵȷˡ㻹֪⴦طء
ǰʲô֮ɫ̵
Ŀǰ֮ԣÿһ䶼֪ģҲǷǳҪѶϢ
ӣɽƺֻ˵ֻƬϾǰҲϴһǿһλŮӣʶȻ֮
⴦طѹҵȵڣԴҲѾ˽ˡӵ
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ȻҪѹҵȣͨĵطȻУЩɵۣѡ֮Уɷʢ֮ʱ䣬Ϊĺģһ֪ɳǡӵ
Խ˵ؿһһľ޴𳡣ֻһ𣬲Ļ棬ɷÿһϿգӿҲɴ˶ġ
꣬Լħڴ˵أһʱǿߣѹר޽֮УһԪ룬뵽ĺķɴ˶ԭеƾƬأΪʱŶʹѹܹģϴΪǿĴڡ
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飬ɳǲ֮еһͷԶĴڣ
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Ϣ˵̫ˡңȻӵеԶħͷԪΪ֮õܣֲӻ˵ѹʱŶȴԽԽǿ
ԭЩѹħͷϡЩħͷԶΪѲɱĴڣЩҪɱǣҲҪٴۣȫѺ
쳤ؾõˮĥԶ֮Ȼܲǵʱ֮нƻʧЧˣǲѰôһĵƣƾһɷ㣬ӵнǱľ޴һһǣγɴ
ң֮һرȵЩǺʹʧȥħͷҲ˥ʵһʱһٽȫ˳ɾͽΰҵ
⻹һãѹħͷͬʱΪ˻رľ飬ǳɹԴ˷Ϊƹ㣬ԸѲĵˡ
ҲˣһЩưܣУʱ£ҲвΪǵôѾʧڰЩɵۺⷵģɳ֮ʱǶưܣ֮ʣʱеĴڣҪʧһƬ׹֮Уҵȣཫŷɻ޷⡣
ڳ˼֮ʱӼ˵
֮У˽ɳǴɣȫĿ³ʱ򣬱ĩˡ
ͻȻһ
ԼȺ֮ˣΧԣǷƻḶ́
ħͷԭҪǳԪģЩǣǴһڵ㣬λòͬѡ߲Щɱ֮еħͷı򣬽ãųǳء
Щ֣Ǳ鲼磬֮Ĵ˵һƻٶȻԽʱ֮˵һʱ֮ɸԵĸı䣬Ӱضֳ
ǰǳԼ֮⣬Ҳʿʴ˾٣ʲôӰ죿
漴㽫ҺΧųǣÿһȾΧԵӡ
һ£·بŲӺ飬ڶݣ㲻һǰռݴ˵أң
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ǺԶ֮ʱ˿ɳһʱ֮£ڵɢ޲ûˡЦһ͵֪Լһ磬϶俪ϱ
㣬ȷӰ쵽ɳǵʱյ㣬㽫Բӳ˼һƺ㣬漴ȴӿһ֮ɫֻϧ̫ˡ
ǰԺ⣿ص
ǵȷ̫ˡһ꣬ʮ꣬ȡ㣬תЩ΢ѾӰơӳ̾һΪź˵
ã뵽ʮ»̥ʼӤĸ֮У죬ɳǱ֮е̥ȴҲнŸˣ첻㣬Ҳٵõ˳̫Զ
ֲҪ˵̫ˣɳѲҪЩһϢԶħͷЩҰ֮еʬǣب׵磬۶ɷһУѾι
Ѿͻƣʮ꣬û˶ĻǵģͲͨף¶һеԾϢ
Եؿ˿ܣӿĴʱɼ£ΪЩ޴ú˵Ҳ쳣µĴڣȴû뵽ЩԶŴУȴëëһС
뵽ղЩȽ׿췣ڻϣǻȴֻһЩˣʹϧ𻵵Ƭ㲻شĵһ֮С
ҵȷǾ֮ܣȥ⣬Լʿ۹Ϊ׼ȴûпǵϵĴڣԶҪǿˡ
˼ԼĴòϣԼʧ֮۹ͼʶӣϾҲֻǸͥʦֲսǰλᶮ̫ࣿˣҲһʧˡ
ƺҲһ㣬ЩǸһۣ漴ȴ죬ĵؿӡ
֪Ը˵ЩǺ⡣
㲻̫࣬ɳɣ磬ǵѶµˣҵܸ֮ı䣬ӻʮ֮ãȺ֮һǶȲɡ
Ȼ˵Լĩգȴη壬¶һ˿Ҳĳ֮⡣
ֻҲû뵽ʱ򣬾ȻĺСѣڤڤ֮Уףǡ
ǰһʱԣǸ֮
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ǰɽ磬̽Ѱ±ǨİصĻﵹмԣ֮
ǰ뽲֣صصͷ
˾ĺڣ˵ĶչӦõģܰԼԽϣѰɽ硣
һɳǣʵȻǿᣬڼޣʮ꣬Ǽû˶Ҳ²⣬Ӧ߶ɱˣҸղű˵ѾͻƣȻֺ֮γ㣿
ţһ룬Ҳ
Īڴˣ䲻ڣǿʱ̣ģ
籾ﱾɷ̺֮֮ǲܳܵģ
˵ȴͻȻͣЩصֿһԡ
ǰͽ̡
Ҹղűᵽˡ췣ۣ֮ƺЩԨԴԵ
ǰȷˣӵһһǴĳλԶŴܡ֪˵Ƕط޵˵
ڲûȫӣҲûȫȻţˣ˵֡
㲻ǰڣҴҲµˡӵ
ȷǣ硭˵Щɡ
ѹԶħͷԭɹĵˣòԼ鷳ɣԼȻһ֮ˣ춦ͶҲһλ̳ˡ
ƺǣԵǵĶԹ㲢޹ԷģȻĴħΪܣҵȴˡҲÿˣҵƺħͷͬϵҲ˴
ôһ˵ǷˣԼ̸ڼ䣬Уʱʱɼݴִĳ䣬¡첻ϴȻûһ˵صģסӵĶЩȻͬ
Ȼӵ֮£˵ӣҲϸˣ˵췣֮۰ɣʵܹԼӵеӦĹǣ˳Ҳֻ֮䣬ֻϧڵΪʵ̫͡


604 
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ô˵пЦ
ǰ֮Ҳȷʸô˵ԼླʿУֻ±ԼеķʦҪС֡
еĵͨġ
ܶȹ׽٣޳ɴ֮رطЩ췣֮۲޷㣬ܹΪãͨϵĻᣬܴﵽɡ
ɶѣǰ֮⣬ǷѴüʵ
Ȼѹ˴ɳǣԼвõ췣ۣ֮籾ɷ֮ԽǴĿռ䣬ӿеɷ֮ҲԽǿֶֻΣҲԽաӵ
ɷĸˮɷɷЩɷһ㣬ʸڻ򣬼ܹԼΪԲ۷壬Ҳҵľ磬Ȼ޷ɺǣֻǶĵֿ֮ԶŵʿҪ߶ѡ
Ϊ֮⣬ɽ֮ű˶ˣ֮¾Ĵأһ㣬ǷˣȻڴ˴գҲ۲쵽ǳı仯֪ʱǨĵЩţţߣһЩĻˡ
а취ͨ췣ۣ֮ϣҿһ֮ͨЩŵפء
ǰңüԵȻӲû˵ҲԼˣԷԽɽ齲÷ǳѾԶԶһСеķ룬ԲǺͼıô򵥡
ҸЩȻԭġʳ⣬ӺһЦԵܴԽɽȥĻæһ顣
ȻˣҾ֪ЩϢƽ׵̾һȴû˿⣬ֻʵǰ˵ѰɽһĻضΪ
ԷЩȻҲҪͶұԾûаѻ˵̫ûиضɵĳŵ
Ҫиܼ򵥣ǵͥȥǿɶڡ˼һ˵
ֻ飿ԣһǰ˵ֻǰͥҲѣ̽Ѱɽ磬ҲĿģʱרȥ±ˡֻҲ֪ɽ񵽵ʲôľɻΣգҪʱ޷洳ҲֻˡΪˡ
Ӧˡӵ˵ͷ²һ£ûɣȻȥɡ
ﲢǳ֮أӽлȴǴȥˡ
ҲֻˡԲģҲ
εжѾˣ˻һЩпصϢʲôʵԵĺôҲûеõ
һ£ɫ˱䣬ЦԵǰһ󡣡
ʲô飿ʵ
֮Զ֮ãط챦Ѿʧǰɷ󷢴ȱЩԶʱ߷ȥ֮ҲҹޣȡմﵽܹԽɽҪǰСCЦɫ֮У˼ϣ
ͻȻ뵽ôȥ뱦ɽֶ飬ʵڲ໰ԺһԣλǰһʱˣܹԼʲôҲ˵
˿ɣλֵ©һЩԼԣǲɶõرڵԼԷһ㣬һЩƱפյ鵤ҲԹǷһʳֱ
֮뵽ôһ㣬ҲΪūͣûʲôʿ֣ͳʿֻ»ƤĻԵҪװ״ˡ
ҪƺҲЩ⣬һ󣬷ԵСѣҲˣڱ˴޳ֺб㣿ط͵ߵĹˡ
Զޣ඼ԴѪеܹȥģ޲Ǻ׷֮λǰֻҲӵйѪͳĴܣ޵Ĺ඼츳ѣԴеġæ
Ȼ飿һ¡
ȷˣңѾӵжýȫͶڴ˴Ķλǰѷɫ١Щ޵ص
֪λ·ʵʵӦΪλǰ۵ĶŶԡ
֪ԭĹۿλǰ֪˴ҲרŴ˹
ο˿̵ھڶ࣬ͨطҲԷȥѧˣһŶȥѧǶһ٣
ĳЩ໥Ĺ򣬹ھڶࡣ
ӵĻҲɵ΢΢ͷԵ˹㣬ڵĴˣˣûѧͨıҪҽѪͳ㣬ҲǲԣҪռֱԼʱ䣬ҲĴҪ١
ǺͬһʱңҲΪʱĴĹγԾʿֻ֪ӶҪɳˣͬʱҲۺ뷨ҪʳŹ䣬
ô˵Բģʵǰа취Ϊ
ʿı죬ʦΪѣƼˣҲãλǰа취Լǡ
Щô˼Ӳɵҡҡͷ޵һ;۹Ž񣬶ǽ̤ʵΪҪȻҲ֪Ǻ֮ӦҲ̫̫࣬ǧ꣬ʼΣ޵ֹǧ꣬޳ɣǧӣۺĸԼƳԪǺ֮ȴƺǼΪٳɣǳ֮
һ۱㿴ˣʿԪҲ߰˰䣬ٶҲǾŰٶ꣬һʿ׵ٶȣҲԶԶȹҪ죬Բͬ
ٳ֮ҲµʱԸ
ǰģ˴ûʲôôҲ⣬ҵȡȻҪֶˡ˼һ󣬺Ȼǰµ;Ϻúùʵв֮ƣʱţ֮˴֮Ҳûһ֮ı˶δɶ֪ĻֻԵٻش˴ǰˡ
Сѣ˵ǧ򣬻ȡط𣿰ˣˣұȫҲ޷룬
лǻһ
ڵ飬Щ񱻷סȡʿȻʿ˷ҲҪ£ɱ޹зȡĻ衣
̤ǰ˵֮ĺ壬ʦô䱦Ĺ¡
кηԸ˹ֻԴص
ȥ֮ȡĺǺ;ǹӵ
รǡתȥ
ϴżֲ²⣬ӵȥȡһԶ޵ʬ;ǣҽ֮תΪܣɣд˻㶨ȻԻȽ֮ʣȻ֣ȹ١ʱ̽ѰɽҲɡ
лǰԴϲ
Ӱ˰֣һһж˴ҲעˣҲΥ⣬һ֮գֻС㽫ܹɽ磬Ҳ̽ϢˣˣҲм
æƲң˵䣬ѽһѻҰɫĺǣԼһöȭͷСɢŵâĺȡȻסȫֹ֮䣬ȴȻʦ緶һֱ㽫ЩöĺƯڿУȻĹи֣Ѫһҷڡ
ʲôطͷ𾪣æӡ
Ҳ֪ƺӾ֪ⲻһƿܵķţƾմҿԸоħʬѾûǵĴڣһ֮Ѿʧȥľǣȴ˹ңѾ״µתΪˣ
ޱȡ
طҪ˵ʶ˵
ԹʿͨطȡȻνȻ׵磬ѣɽѣХƲȵͨ鳣֮£ʱԼʮ»̥ӤһĹ̡
ƫƫ컯򣬱ʿӵɽժµĴͨҲȻ޷㡣
ܹĴڣȾ硭
ֻһλɹʱڣ˷Ϊʮؾ磬̫ҾɾɾǿԲľ磬֮ϣеʮصĴ޾ﵽ˾磬㲻ɵ۲⣬ֱӾͿɱϿΪˡӵ
˼˵λѾﵽ˴޾һȵԶɹʱҲĴڣ統֮ĵһ㡣ÿһλԳ棬Գһɡ
ֲã޳֮Уħ֮䣬Ҳһϯ֮أҿƺľ֮һ
һûֻд޽ɣſɴڴ֮£ֻԼ֮ǳɽûд컯֮ޱȿ϶ص
޾۷λԶɵۣǰλȻ磬ʵѾ˵ǽͬһˡ
ֻǰڻڣҲȻԱġ
ղžǵĹֻҲġͻȻһ£͵͵˵
ʱһ¡ղž;֣ħ񶼱ؽƷԵǻﲻԼôһ˵Ҳмֿܡ
λʱ֮УȻڼʶȴҲ÷ģͬʱһ޷жҪиūǲŷһЩԼ޷ֵ飬̽Ϣʹ
Сۼ䣬ǰһߴĹѾ¶Ρ
οһˮָɿݵĸʬͦͷ­ȴ࣬Ǻǻһףֻ˼֡
Ĺ⣬ǹ­еۿ֣ȡԭ۾ͨҰףǰ˵֮ϣϵҲԿ¶òǱȥֻͷ­˫ֱۣԼһ˫İ룬Ҫö֮࣬󣬽ڵأһ㡣
Ӵһ֮ԭѻҰ׵ķ룬ƺٱø˼֣ǲɣϣ¶ƣ֮⡣
Զʬǣղŵ˵Ӧӵſȵ³˵ʵ֣𣬳٣Զ³˵֮ˣԴݻֻʱִ٣Ҳûиǣ㽫һ߿ʹðɡıڣôҲҪȡ߹á
Ѿռ˵С˼ûоܾΪôһ߿


605 
лǰԵظм
ȻûдǰеõԼҪķ߹ܻҲ˴һ⣬˵ջԶԶԤ룬Ҳ治տڣһ׮
Եȱл̫磬߿ֻǲȱ֮ȱǣˣսɱУá
Ҳףܵǰ裬ѾмˣࡣԵ
ӵû֮⣬ܴʱҲֻ£󣬱֮ĺ꣬ãԱʱҲͰ޷ˡ
ȻܣҲȫʩΪūͣ˽ʡԼ֮⣬Ҳвϣ˼
ȴΪʱ䣬ܶˡ
ҽĲٿ֮㣬֮ӡʹȻȥɡӶ
ڴ֮ǰ˵һ˵֮ʲôġ
ǰѯʱǡҲЩ⣬ǰ̡
֮
һҰʬӰȥ
ӰȻӸĿ
Ϊ֪Լʱ޷Խ췣֮۲ɵ󣬸޷ϣɹԽֻȻȥʮܹ֮ɹȽ֮лһ
һΣҲȫһǾ޳֮УλصԶ֮Ѿ֪⴦طĻǴ˲ԶŵţԼǰɽķ
˿̣ж̽Ѱɽһ㣬˵ǰֻ;Ϲײͼͨ翵ѰõĻڱȷķҲ֪ԼЩʲôЩʲôɹĿܣȻ
λȥҪúòͼλǰĵϸ
ӵûͼϵɽܹͼһضҪȵֻӵһͼΪ漴ֵλǰĵϸҿǲܲ鵽ˡ
ΪΣ
λǰпǴﵽ˴޾ڣ˵伮¼ļأӦò࣬Ƿ֮񣬿ɻ֪ʳţ³Щ߸ϵĴ㲻֪˰ɡ
룬ҲǡΣһ޵ĴڣƩ糯֮϶һʧЩҲڳ˵ļʶ֮С
ԶʱЩɢɣСɣ²ʶλǰͥʦû˵
ɹ֮ģΪľǹѺս;ѱĵˣڼ伮ң֮Ҳ䣬ʧ١ҵϣȷ󡣡
˼
漴ȴȻˣλǰ˭ҴõĺôСһߵʵĿܣȫ㹻ݺˡ
ĵ뢳ֻ֣̽ѰԶյأ´ȥã
ջϲã׼̤ϻس̣һȴֱӷؽųǣǴ֮ѰɢĿռѷ죬صǺȥ
ʱɹѾ֮̽дڵĹ̶ţֻǱｨ˳ǳأ󣬲ǲʿأⲢ˵ֻͨţطȻһЩ΢С֮ѷ죬Ϊͨڡ
ֻЩѷĴ٣ûһĳҪҵĻȻѭŵĽڵѰҵ
ųǱ֮ʱĪ䡹ŸҵһЩʿҲͨ˷͵͵뿪ġ
̽ѰɽܣȻܴҡڵشӽųǳȥҪ뿪
ʱ䣬㰴Լ֪ķѰƮĽλãȻϣڻʮʱѰ޹֮󣬻ҵһֳɵĽţ⴦ţ֮ʱһģһҲǴһʱʧ֣·˵أٵգ±ˡ
ԥ̴˹ȥ
ŵı˶ˣȻǺٻʱ׼λȷŽŲƷڣ˻ȥ
һй̣ûгʲô⣬·;żм۵ɢ޼һ˳˼Ҳܿͱˣг̶û谭Ƭ̡
˳صĶ죬ȻҵԪ½ķ
ΪֹһֻڵͼϿԪ½ĵΣ治֪ʲôһط
ԼأҲȷмֺ档
ţԼڵһʱʦӦǽǴطˣֻԼȥԲ軤ɽ䣬һе顣
Ϊһ֮ĴµǲҲһȥ٣Եõɡ
ںʮգ˼֮Ԫ½ķλ
һƬưµĴ½ѡĹڣڰµжһأԹռֿ̣ԿŴɽչ滷ģʵһϢķˮء
˳ŰµԵȥһ·ΡɽѺԭãã緱ǣֲʮľ޴½ϡ
ֹʮգͻȻǰһ
ϵطУҹ·ǵ˵ѡ巽λˡ
ǰһǣԼģһ滷ɽĴɽɽɽ˷˽Ǿסƽԭ꣬غӵش˼ȿԼ£ֿԱⱻ´
ûдɽΧһǣһ޴ޱȵĺԲǧ嫺Ķ԰ԶԶӦˣŴķ˾ۼϢֱӣϺϵѡĵһڱǴ
Ƕǿǵ⴦½󲿷ƽضʺϷ˾סдɽ赲ʿɽͨٵ·ҲֱͨˣԣǰǳصķλҪԿΪ
ûнڷ˳ǳأЩ˳˵أǳضڽ֮УҲûʲôɿģˣֱӽ˴ɽ塣
ԶԶ㿴һѩǵѩɽǰƶ͵ѩɽһԲʮȣһ߷طͷ
˵֮֮ӿƺγһ籩۰УΧ߷תˣͬʱܵҲǶȻߣͬů
ԵͷϺϵʮֽ֪ɽţһ㶼з˳ĴڣȴΪչϷĵӣߺʿЩѡν½ӵܣҲҪЩ
⴦ط棬ܹķˣȷиˡ
ͬʱҲ֣ɽƣȻȻؽ㼯ߵɽ崦ʿþУҲܴ档
ԭʿǲܻķԪΪãôܳƵ壿ֻҪˡ
ˡ
ԶԶʱԵһϣ˷˳ȴ˷ش˵أ׼ſ͡
ԭǰ׶ˡ
׶ƽͬҡ
Щˣ֪ǵԼΪķģӵܣҲԳ壬ַ⵽ĸΪ࣬˿̣ЩͬŶûзֿܵϺϵ٣ǵķ˵ء
ɽҪƣҪĵһжҪȥˣֻÿһ˲ƵĴ󹤳̣ûʱ䣬Ҳ첻ĵز
һЩˣ칤ʿɣרŸӵܽ츮ۡ󣬶Ϊߣȴһ֮ġ
俴˲İʿ˿Ǵؿ˴׶ƺкһλģĽЩʲôȫһ˹
ӡ
һˣԼ
Ҳض񡣡׶⼸λǡ
Щ칤ʿǽ츮ۡģȥǱѾڴ˵ˣۡѴ彨ɣʣװκ͸¥Ľ죬Խɽ³ķ˽ʦʮʱ䣬žͿȫ깤׶ЦǺǵص
ԭලڿļʹȻٺ»Ҳ㲻ͣվǰ;֦ܿɢҶܳ塣
ûתĻҲؽͣ³˾磬ȻȢһЩŮӣС¡
ЩС壬ֻڷ̷ǿᵹҲˣܿԱǣ䣬Ǽľء
׼֮ǼΪҵģЩʿ֪ˣԸⷱܺõɳǣ̫ࡣ
ǻ壬ӵܣһ֧ԴУǵҲˣԼ䣬ֻ߽ʲôʣҲȻԼĺշǰȻͬ
ǻ˼ָм֮ģҳ֮Ȼ
ͬͬˣǵļҲֻʹڣȴҲһĲˣΪҽ跨󣬸壬ʮ󵽸Եĵȥ̨һǿܹʮ³ʿҲ˵
Ϊ˹ԼȨƣ϶Ҫ֧бɢޣֻߣӸԵļ˲ţеõɡ
˫֮䣬˼ָͬܵĸпɸԳЦ
λˣ˵񣬻Ҫͷλൣ֮գк񱨡Ц˵
Ѵ⣬Ҫ״ģ֮±·ҲЩ˲ġ
漴ѯһ̵Ľȣȴ׶ѵСҲˡ
תͷȥȴԶķϣݶ
һ˼ۺаĻݣͷβһľ޴ȴһֱΪ𽡱ѱޣƺԿƣȵڿУ·˹
֮гЦӯӯؿ
ˣȻȥɡˣ¶Ц⣬ԡ
ֿ֪ҪȥһҪ֮£ɵͶ֮ѯʵȴ֣ݣʦ㣬Ǳ߻ȥ˵
ݣԼһľֻֻᵽԼǰеһŹǣδἰԼҪ̽Ѱɽ磬Լй۵顣
⵹ҲʵǴ´һʼ㲻Ϊ֪óȻУҲû˿洦
Ը⣬ΣպͼԼһ˶е
֪ȥǣɵԶŵͽλǰʲô
֪ԷһߵʵĿܸ֮û뵽о˵ļ
Ҳ֪æĵطʦ㳣ڼҩʦ֮ӦԲԶŵ伮¼֪ʶӦñԨǣҲһ顣֣ص
ȴĻˣȷ뾡׷λǰֻߣͼ䡣
ţһһġȻ֪µǰ˵֣أҲɵӦ
ˣȲ˵Ǹң徿˰ɣз˹ȵĸЩʲôľʵ
ʵ˵֮ʱҲֻʶѣ⴦طлϵտӦһ˳ʲôѴġ
ȴϣ֮ȴ¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ


606 ˮ
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㲻ڵЩӣѾյļƻ壬ǳأ;ȴһ׮鷳򣬻ôǺˮ˵𡣡
ˮ壿ʱʶ飬ȷô򵥣Ҳѹʦ㶼еΪѡ
ˮ塣Եǿ̽˵أΪ壬ĺһСҪΪ˹ȳǳڵģȴϣŲˮϵ壬ܲͬ潨ִ֮󣬻͵Ϯǧෲˡ
ˮ壬ҲǿɱҵĪǻòͷˣɫ΢䡣
壬һǹ֮ͬеǻ飬Ȼ˼ñȽ٣ʿķѾܹӴˡ
֮УһЩ磬ȫûڵģĵطҲΪĲë֮ء
˵Ϲ֮ʱ廹򣬸սݣսܣ̫ų氲ԻģƽϢɸ꣬𽥱ɻ淽ʽ
һЩ½弴棬ҲǶɽֻ˼Ĳë֮أӴҪô⳵ݵһ㣬Ϊʿѱޡ
ˮԣȴǱһ˵ΪˮˮУԭĹҲӣԷ֮ԵִǴûɥʧԼĹᱻӣʶһΪսʤ߶Ծӵġ
Һģص˵еˮ壬ǿ߱ƣΪϲ½أ½ϵల£Ҳսռˡ
һˮ嶼֮ΪѱĴڣҲΪᣬռľٶ֮䣬ǻûŴصĵط½ɱ¾飬з
ҼڲãɽֹնħصĵطļҲв٣ȴΪ˶ԸħЩˮġ
Ҳ֪ڵ죬ҷأش͸深ܼãѵЩˮ徹ұϹԼǿսɣ
û䣬ԶʱڵĻԻͣؾɥʧ˲ǿѪͨУӦûͳҰˣռɱЩСֶΣȴǲģ˵˾ٲԲϲʳأԴΪʿòٺôǿУֻҪˮһ㣬ʮֶεʿҲûа취
ĻΪȻȻˮ岢̫˽⣬ȴҲ֪ˮƵƵ¶ˣʿҲû̫ľη֮ġ
ûа취ˮףɱǵʿЩˮ壬ǲẦµģΪʿˮȻԸˮ֮ˮܹɺˮԪ½ͬ谭֮˵ǱˮиһʱҪôʿҪָ޷֧ųս
ңˮ׵ӴˮѹϰߣҪֳʵԵǱԼСˮ壬Ȼ󰭣ƾе֮ս˿ֻ֣ܳа³
һ㣬кеˮ嵹Ҳˣ֮Уȴʮֹ̺ǳܹ֮ﵽ½صʮ֮࣬һͷˮ壬ӵеʵͬȲεǿ֣౻Ӵˮѹǿ֮ټϣܵԶҪ࣬һսǵء
뵽˴ҲµˣһǺһӴȺһЩ죬𲻸еİ֮ġ
кǽӴԷ޳εĻˮ壬ô˵ģʵ
ͳˮıضǻޣ֮ҲضǣйͨķëѪĹ
˵ܹÿ񣬷򣬲ںڽǡԴεص
Լͷ֮ڽǣҪҲЩΪѡ
ջϵ˼Щˮ̫Ӧȫ˵ģ֮̽ȴﾹȻһСɵȺǼ۴ڣаϣʮξظ֣½սʤǣˣȴ£ǻҪ伸档
ˮǿᣬۻ룬ңȺ֮䲢һԼǿʳΪ̬ĴɱսͬСɣǼмʤ㣬ǲơͷ
ˣԻϱ̬ǿӲǷˣûｨǣǸΪ½أҴʱҲأԷ⡣
Ǽλˣʲôطƺڴ˵ء
˵ˮ嵨죬ѱķٶء
أסЦˣ֮УҲɵô˼֮⣬ޣల£˴˸ãĵȻںȴ½أϹԼ֮أǾȻȾָѾȡ֮ˣǰҿȫ˰ա
ʦܣЩˮ壿һʵ
ЩˮʵеȣÿΪܵԽʯҵҲ뿴ʮξˮ֣°ٶۣǷܹס
ʵЩξ壬ûǿԶŴйʣһ˶пܽȫˣˮױϾ򣬻ǽȥΪ㡣
дһ֮󣬼㲻ܽЩˮȫ˸ɾҲʹδڶΣ֮УѾȥ׺鷳һ˵ˮӲĵˣײ֮ǿߣȴǾηмӣû͹ȵֶ֣ܹѹǣԽ鷳п£ǣʹΪá
ô˵˼Ƭ̣ҲĴ㡣
ʵ֮ǰˮҲŭգ޲ܽЩ̰ˮɱ¾һͷʵ㣬ɵЩˮԷ˲ֻԺΪʱ˱ܡ
ͷӵоԵͲˡ
໹Щģɱ䣬᲻ˡ
岻壬ԼϹ֮ʱսͣԼ˻ַһɱ¾ԷȻսˡ
Ͳصˣ֮ͨҲ˽ɱ˽սңЦЦڰֵǱڲΪħɣɢޣֲڸ֮УȻƴ󣬵Ҳվֻһɢɳѡңһ֮ص壬˾ˣ͸ȥһôˡ
Ҫǳͷб¶ˣԾܽǣ
ӵ࣬ظĵܻڿ˵ǰʮ㣬ˮǵͷ
ҷ࣬ı죬ɱ¾ˮޣд󲿷δεģҰһĴڣҲûɱ˵Ĺǣֱûѹ
ô˵ҲòϣЩ飬ȷǱĿҲΪ
鲻Ѿں϶԰ˣɱǣҲûа취ǳذǨոջص壬ȿһԼ˵ɡ
ҲãǶʮҲɡͷ
ȻüޣҲ⼸յʱ䣬˵ص壬ʱ֪Լ壬Ȼʿ֮̽ʱҲΪ֮أûзȥȡӵܾͷ⣬аƣȥǡ
Ǽƻ֮ҪķϵѾŵĳ׼Ÿ̺ŷ˳̩񰲵ףͬʱҲҪͳܺȡˣԼţеӳɳΪӣΪ
ͳƴɡЩֻü׼ǱɣͬʱҲԼһưԵ˼ܹսԪ½ӵиĽ
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һֱСӵͷأĲãҲ
ң֪֣ҲϿڣоʲôס
˵ʲôʲôɡ൭һЦϲʦܣҴȥ÷ǣڶ¶Ȼٿ¸ڻɽвڽ嶥ۡҲɴˣ㶼ʲôҪĽġ
գʱˮĲ죬˵Ĵ£ϤԼ塣
ǽڣӵеĸȻܲġ
ҲãͷӵʲôϣرòϧرͶˣǻɽһ£ǽӷ˵Ż˿⡣
ű͸ۺҲǵС壬ӵŵ뢵ңټϣ֮ʱн˲ϺͲϣħʿһѾԲһƷ͵Ļɽˡ
֪彨Ľȣ֮
ǺõĻɽӵвٿ֮Ȩʿ׵ԪԻˣֱӹһ³ʿҲܷӲгʿʵгʿǿԽգе龳ʿս龳ʿǿԷӪ򣬷ͨʵ
ʱûвִı죬ִһ㶼һصأֵֻܶطӵеģͶʱ½֮ؿԱ⣬СһЩһЩĴȴãЧҲ㲻
ʦ㣬˼֮£ȫˣһǻɽҪãǸλſ˾ãڵ壬֮أȫַȥ
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ҪܵǸԴ췲˿ٽȡʮڣһĲë֮ؽΪٵķ硣õõ֮أҲϢռ
˵ɵЩЦһʱӵַܷҲֻűӳƿϾ¶һ󵽣ǵһ⵽Ԫ½ռݵ൱޴ġⶼҪȽڵĳǳ˵Բ˵ҲвСĵطǵôЩˣûмʮ귱ܣһ˿ڶûУǲȫռݵġ
ԷģүүĴļɢޣһ˹ʱǳ˰׶ЩţҲ˿ˡ
˿ڣʿ̵ֲ֣ʳ㣬֮ҽûиֺţǼģ෴ûʿ֣һȺޣǣʮˣֻһˮ֣ʧ˿ڵΪ
Ųүүȡſã֮ڱԽ
ˣڶ¶Ҳʱʶ֣ʼˣ⼸նǣʼ֪Ϊ˸ĸΪףһУΪԼܹͷأϣܽҵһҲȥ㽫ǵӣܼ̳мҵҲķΪǲǡԴпص
λڶ¶Ѿ룬ýˣҲʼŮģϣǽܹɲģãҲܳΪ竡
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607 ֲ
ʿӵܣԱȷ˸Ϊ鷳Ϊ竣Ҳɥ־ɫȮѣʵڲˣҲ͹֮˸׳档
ʿͬʿӴģҲʿ磬ԼʲôǵĴ屻飬пܷ
ȻʱȨλѾܷ飬ФҪܾҵӰǧƵ顣
Լ¼ҵֻܹͷأҲԴУû꣬ͱܹ⣬Ҳûбˡ
ͷĺˣӴ˼λʦǰǴ׻õĵʦʹͣȻܹ֤ɲģҲ̫ԶЦ
λŮõûʲôʵģϾݲͬ䣬ҲҪŮػҵģܹΪҲҪʮԺ
֮Ѷ£ԼҲʿŮлﵽ졣ʱŮֻгˣŮﵽϳˣҲȻŮ̳зǰ֮£ҲȻĽ̵ڶ¶Ϊ˼ΪʿҪܹһ棬С֧
ڹĶǵ棬ǻʮңԶǲضǡ
֮£ļԼһӣͻȻҲ뵽ԼʱȢʦΪˡ
˵֮ԵģҲΪңܹôһλ֪ʶȤͻݵʦ㣬ȷԼĸ
ŮޣδܺԼ飬һЩԲõģޣԼҵ谭
ʦ㣬ȷϸۡɣҾȢΪޡͻȻ˵
ԣϲɵ¶飬漴ȴҲԴ⣬ЦһΪҪٹŻء
ʱδǻ£ΪԼҵδֻһССŵӣڣչҲǸһ֮ˣŵĹϱܽ洫ӣٹ꣬ȷ֮λҲԿˡ
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һǶʦ㣬ҲǶүү㣬ǣһȢ㣬Ҳκ谭
˵һЩɢͻȻ֮䷢ȻҵŮӷ飬ҲͬǱֵþ춯أҡ
Դˣ֮ԱǣȻ֮׽дǻߣļᶨߣضΪۣǿ˼񣬲㯣أΪ˴ҲǽоݣΪΪԲὫԼ˷Ѳľء
ʽ飬ýƸŵԣܵõҸֻԼ˿жʵп֪ˣߣݺۼҲ˵
֮䣬и飬ҲܲǲãϵĹϵwһķ֣ûκ谭Ǹҳּɣһ˳෴һλħŮӣƵŮӣҲδؾʺΪ¶¶ˣ˳
ԴʱľأѾһλ㹻صϣǰףȻƸǷʮ㣬ڶκһҵ棬Ȼ֣໥֣ΪͬˣҲ˳ȻزãҵĹϵԿٽԼһ֧չΪҾصãҲػλ
ãҵʱܹػλŮӣҲǸСɫҲˣݱض󣬶Ҳ
嶺˷Ҳǿǵһ㣬Ǳ󣬷ѡ
ѾǵúˣҶ˵ĻҲӦ飬Ǿ͵ȵۡɣǳɻɡЦ
һЦͨĪϲ档
֮ҲʼǣʲôʱǺһˣˮв
ˮֹ⴦ط洦ɼڣŽǷַ˹ЩطҲ˼档
⣬壬Գ壬ΪǿʢҪ壬Ȼħ壬ڤ壬Щͬвٹ塣
Ϲʥԣ࣬ı죬Щˮ֮ѾãѾż¼ˣӵȻԮ˵ģϱһʱҲ١
Ǽа취ԼǾͲҪʦˣʦ㣬տ壬ҳȥ±ء
ҪСģԷϾаٶۡඣһ
֪ӵеܻȴҲûйൣģֻǽҪȥء
ڷ̻գǰǺ
˺ǧ﷽ԲСһЩķ˹УԿһ֮أǴһЩĵ۹Ҳһʡݸĵ򣬵˿̣޴ĺȴˮռݣز׼潨ǣѡҲضҪ
ʱǺУһԼĵĵϣʯ̲

һһˮĻڲĺ֮УֻӰˮԾ˳
Щͨۼףף˰Ĺֱۣһ濪򿪵ĩңҰ޼ĹǴ̣Ե׶ֿ¡
ˮ֮УΪһ壬ҲʱԼ¼һЩݸ־¼Сֻ󵭻Ĵڣ۹أҲΪΡ
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ЩƺѾεĴвŹıԣ̸һ漴ԲڣκȻӿƺˮͻȻ֮һ㡣
ǧֻΪСҲûЩδİ㣬ںϣ½͵Ծˮ
ЩĴܿռ˵½̲ͿȻϡϡؿʼжӡ
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ΧͷĽݵĿ⿴
һŹֵĴڣ己࣬ԼҲ㲻жͬұ˴ϵңһҲûĻУҪ˵ˣԣЩ£ΪεģʶҪ֮Уύѣѧϰ
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ʲô壬ΣС쳣ײУʵԶԶǿȴֽѱ֮޲ܹĽŰ塣
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һҺͽйԷֳɼСӣźϿʼѲ
Է֮󣬲ȡĴʩҲʵһЩʵķˣȫһӵɱȻԴ
Щ㲻һ滳ѪζһţʲôʱܹЩСļһɱȺϺóԶˡ
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Ļ㣬ɵˣûе½ɽô֪ϻʲô
ȴûߵıԶǣ˻ˣ⼤ìܣԽΪˣ۽ش󺣣Ǽռһ֮أʮĵƣʲôҲǺһ壬Ҫ군ˡ
㻹޷⣬ֻôȻǴ磬һݵ
صˣ˵ЩҲǰ˵ʱ±ˡ
ڴʱڽѵµ죬ȴȻ̧ͷԶ
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ĸ֣ûмһ¾͸оó壬Ѿﵽ˿۵ľ磬Ҳлˣȸ֣ԲЩܹԸġ
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ԼǵãڴǰǱߣҲмλϢԶ˵ĸǰʹ̸Уǰļλʹߣбʮʿ㽫ˣȫգڵϵĽǲ϶ûһա
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Ȼ壬Щ壬Ǵ󵨡
ԷȻѾϺʱһ
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Ӱ˸䣬߷ɽʱֻŸոնҪˮá
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û˿ħ䣬תۼ㽫նƬ
ܣ
оһϢɿˮǱȥɵ¶һ˿ɭȻЦ


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ԷֻһͷССĻشУȻû˿֮
ͻȻ뵽һ£Ҳû׷ȥɱӰһΣһϹ⣬ֱӱǱ˺Уͷ
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Щ⣬ˮɶ
ĺһͷҪҵԷϳ治ס
ˮײȿУʶ죬ܵ谭ԲǧͨʿǰҲһٺңټʱҪѵġ
Ҳ˷ֱӵڴ
лϳãûлᣬҲԳץס̱ʲ١
ôʱһ·ֻӴܣһˮɽȡ
ֻܣˮ鲼ʯ·һ㣬ʯˮм䣬ȴǱΪطֳƽͨиǽסӿˮһƬƽˮ
һȻû֮ҲʾţӵǻĴڡ
㲢֪ҲûĴε˦׷˼ֱӱ㴳Уֻʴеˣϣˡ
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ܿ㴫ʯʱ·ըһ㣬ӿ˳
һֻ˫͹𣬶ǸʵĴͷŭشˮʲôʲôòõġ
ͷȻǻеĳϣ󻹸żͷĽСƬȴΪϸ࣬ҲΪԲ㡣Щ㣬ѾʼֳһЩǰǸ߸ߵ¡һۼ档
ЩĴԣⳤϵİ檡
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ȴʱһӰӹϢǱ˴ͷ㳤ϵʮԶ
ˮ壬Ϲ߻谵ԻδҲֻƽ̫ܿԶټϣˮԪ֮ڸʶϢ춦̲Ԫһʱ֮䣬
ô㳤ϲԶĵصȺţȴɢλȨصĳϸϵԶԶģȻǼͷĴӵ֮£һЦȥ
ⳤϵľڽһҶУ׺ŲټС飬յùûʣİȴǼª֮һЩʳʬǣˮ֯ɵļѳҰ޳Ѩһ㡣
Ҳѹֳ˶ЩˮëѪҰ壬ûһĻԻ
ЩҰһ㣬ҴѨк£ֱͣӱֳħ䣬ֱӿ˼ͷͷ­
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㣬˭㳤ϴʧɫ̱ӿ
ЩȻֱǳªȴӵҰްΣֱӸղûиӦϢٵһɱͷ㣬˲жϳԼĶ֣óȻԵУֻ³
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ܵǰһץסС
ܣȻ棬ȱǣֻܴߣʱʩ˿ץסⳤϣȴЧͷͷ㣬ʵҲڻ֮䣬ȴȻ޻֮
ƺ̺һĪһӴ㽫㳤ȫԪɢȫǾϣһϢ
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ʦСҲˡ㳤Ͽɥæе˵ʿĺЩΪģԽǿԽݣɱ¾壬Ǻ飬µѪʿҲһ
㳤Ͽ޺ȴ뵽Ź治٣Щˮ壬ӲģҲǿʳһ֡
Ҫ㵽ڣҪɱ㣬練ƣ㼸⣬𲻳Ǿݹ顣ĮȻ˵㳤ϵ񣬱ݽһ㡣
ʦ֪ʲôС֪㳤ϼæǲͬЩδĵͽ㣬ҲԼµɱԼԭȻҪֳпɱõļֵ
ã㣬⴦Ǻߣһ壿
ǡǡ
ͳһ˭¶۽׸ּࣿ
ǴԼȡ˸֣۴ʥһٶʮÿһϣǻϵۣҲһۣƽʱغÿǰʥΰ

ı֮£㳤ϣûйؽǺ˳ʱ˽ԭǺ۴ʥȿһ壬ǧ֮󣬵½纣֮һ己࣬ûһͳһֻǷֳˮ壬һֱల¡
ĳһ죬һͷԵɺ֮һöʯͷΪǣܿش磬巢չΪǺΪǿƵһ壬˺Ǵ߳Ǻ̤˴µĵ;
Ǵ»ȴѾ۾磬ԺΪ۴ʥʼһսķˮһɨգںһˮԪ֮أǣųƴʥ
ռ֮Ǻһ㣬ʼַٷչƣֵ࣬Ǵǣ֪۴ʥ˼صĿ䣬óֶΣɱ֮󣬱ȡǵΪҩ˷á
Ǻһ壬Ѿ֮࣬лϴнгϣ㳤ϱֻǲһλ΢ĻһСԺ۴ʥ֮ʮ˵صõ˽ĻԵҲ˳ϣ۴ʥΪ֮һĳϣΪһ
ɵðͷ
Ͼ಻ͬԸʵжҲһˮķʽҲྶͥǿԴѪʳ֮лԪֱӴˮмȡʿһ㣬벻һıԣƵͬʿϣǿţ壬ȴϡ档
漴ʵ˵ʲô۴ʥ꣬Ȼִ˼صĿ
Ĺ£İ嵱Увɢ޼ʲôԶŵرߵõĴУͻȻ֮ԼǣǺ۴ʥͳǺеˮǵõĳһ֧֣ǼصĿ䣬㼫ɡ
տԣ߳˵أʶأ⴦󣬵ȴվֻ½һ磬ҷصİٷ֮һ
뵽ǣҪռΪҲǵ֮УռǧﺣŶԡ
Щ䣬Ǻ۴ʥԳΪʲôʵ
ʹߴˣ˵
˼ص
嵥භͬϷƣ߳ɰǧս֮ʱʹñıԣȴֻбɨķˣҲֻж԰ƴţȡƽȶԻȨ
Ҳûʲô֮壬ʲôͼıѲɣʹߴ˰ƶĲɣ
干죬ΪռݻɽҰأһ㶼ԸǺУ˰壬򵥡
˵Ĵʥʲôطҹȥ̽
ͬʱҲǽڵ鷳
ĳһڣռݵǷԾסĻɽҰ룬ߴĮһຮ֮أ⣬岻ԶĵǺҲƣǱֻбķˡ
ʦû٣ǰʥ㳤һҪȥʱµ
Ҫô֪Լ˹ȥðƤ
㲻ȥҾͰж˿飬Ȼŵ¯ˡЦһݺв
㳤ԣɵô˸ս˵ʿ׺ݣ鴫Ƥǡ
㳤֮£ֻôǰ
ʥطǧ֮ңʱΪؿ·һʱҲϵˡ
վԶȴǳһΪһñʯľʯľ޴ǳأ紫˵еˮһ㣬ǳصܣƺ̺ŴˮĻ
Ѿˮԣʪɽˮ壬ҲǼΪ֮֮ȣǻΣס幬ʳ£ණģ½˲ˮ֣׳ǳӪһҲĶء
ⲢеȵĶǿǳ֮У¥ɭȻ򣬽ֵݺύһжǳأëѪҰ޶ߣ֮£㳤ϵϳªòˣȻ˸ֱӾס
ǵĴǸˣǼߡɸ̾
ǣлεĳ̶ȣҪܵ츳ͻԵƣͬнϣûȫγɹ˻Ҳ˵ģҲһ壬ֻҪﵽһأܱһģһ
Щʹߴָġ㳤Ͼηص
ȥ棬Ƕúãҿ㲻ʾһѽ㳤ڵϣȻȥͨ
㳤ˤϣȴǽתת飬ǣһ̱ܽˮȥˡ
ʿ޴ȥˣɵسô㳤ϰ
㳤ϲûע⵽󣬲ֻʽ汼ȥʱվԶ۾
ǿʶ˲䴩͸ˮĻѭ㳤Ӵܵ·ߣ׷ٵϡ
һŲײϹ˸ȴǶ䲻µķƾɷױ֪̽Զλá
ʱ㳤ϣоŨ֮еĻ⣬Ʈҡš
Ҳ֪˶ã㳤ƺڽ뵽˳ǳصȻͣʱҲ˴ǿڡ
״ݣ
Ӱԭʧת۹һӨ͸Ĺ֮С


609 ʹߣ£
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ʱ֮УƼ㳤Ѻڵأһģ
ŵһڿڼףòӣ𺣬עͻȻ
òӣǳصˣǺУԺź۴ʥۡ
۴ʥոո˯ѣҪһ㣬һζѪʳȻǰλʹߵľ밲ѯδչƣȴͻȻ۳
۴ʥΪԷҪŲ˽ոսӼʿ룬Լϵˡ
ʿǳԼģµĳֻһӶѡ
ڴˣ۴ʥϵɫԽƣҪôǵʿ¡
ǿߣȻ˿η壬˵
壿۴ʥͻȻͷӹһ˿ɻɫ
ͷû˵֣ȴһ
ǺԱ˽塣֮ش˴Ӵ֮󣬾ǷԲ֮ص
ԭ۴ʥӹһ˿Ȼ֮ɫƤЦⲻЦ˵ݴݹ٣ʥʧԶӭ֡˵ţλվŵеʩ
һٶƱ񣬵ʵϣȴǰư
һ۵ݣռΪҲԺŴʥˣǺλƵķƽƽͬݵԴ
֮⣬ɴ˶
⸱ģ𣬷˹ĳЩΪܵɽҲԳʲôȴʮĲͷ
ʥ֮һĴڣݵǺúƤԴʥԳơЦһ
۴ʥȻҲһ㣬ĻɵЩΣҲûóȻ𻰣ΪʥЩ뢶޸徴صĹٽҲ׿ڡ
ϻ˵ʿкɡĬƬ̣۴ʥԵ
Ȼһ߲ƣҲûбҪ֮αˣԭλ
δڣ㳤ȴ˸ΪԼѾ˦壬ȴû뵽ԷԼС
ˣҡ
㳤ϣ̱ڵء
˵ֹʿںϵ콨ǣصָ˵ûǵС㳤ϣź۴ʥ˵
ˣΣ۴ʥ֪Ϊ¶Ц˵Ҫǣԣһ񡣡
񡭡ôĿұԸͣ¾͵ôԼ½֮أУⷬΪȴǲϹء
кβңߣֻҪ潨Ǵ㣬Ҷܣû񣬱㲻ҪֱʥֶΣʱ򣬺ˮ죬ҲǾȡ
ϹԼЦڻ˭ù÷Ķ¡
۴ʥȻҪˣѺѹҲǿ֣λ½ڣڱƹǵв
ⲢǼ򵥵ĿͷвбҪܹ˵ɱˣ޶ԣҲǲʳһ㣬ƽǹŵһǰѾ׶༪ˡ
۴ʥϸܵϢطླֲεʵȻҲһȴڡ
ұʥ˽̻壬֪ȴǲϹǩԼ׵ԺȥˣҲգȻˣҲֻöˡ̾һʧ˵
֣Ļ۴ʥȴʲôЦ֮һ㣬Ц㿴Уһʿǿ⣬ǧأһССླʿܷʲôˣ
ǻξۣһǿᣬǿͨʿҲȻ壬ټϣ˵ΧǱʿţһӦĻ˵ʱ˺;ȫ֮
ûЦ꣬ȴ󣬲֪ʱһ״ˣħĹ︩֫ŵأǳֻ޴ľһ㡣
һ˺۴ʥľ
ʲô۴ʥһ
ϣܵһɺ嫺ӴϢһޱ޼ʣǳ֮ޣȫ͸
֮Уɢһֻʥӵеĸ̣Ҳ̵ֵ֪ʿȹ֮󣬶õϣµ
Ѳɣǵʿ
棬ѹҪԶ֡ЦţԸһ漴ֵ˶в㶯֡
ûлشΪòִ٣ǲȫӰ仰վǰһʶˮĴɢ˷Բ
۴ʥ͵ޣֻоһɿֲ֮Լ·ͷԸʱпܵһ㡣
࣡
ʱҲԼķ࣬һʮɸߣȫ׹ҫľˣڵС
࣬ȻԽУֻҪܹȫͨ뻯֮
˵ʱ뷨һ壬Ƿ࣬ǱҲǿд˷࣬ȫŪϣµϢ鷢ˣȻͨ뻯֮ʿķʵΪǿᣬҲˣһˣԪ𣬸˵
ʱ࣬һ±㽫໯޵עܵɢĻϢɵô󺧡
ľȻ࣬ãɱ
࣬Ϊвȥ硣
ϣȻܵ˾޴вҲ˲̫ˡ
۴ʥ־ŭԸξأʵԶԶûж֣Ʊ㱻Էѹȥң࣬ҲܵϮһвɣԼֶΣǲҰ³
ɱ
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ź۴ʥʹֻ̣Ƕһ¡
Ҳ˵ûһУֻǼǰȥ
˲͸ȴһƬ׹֮УѸΪˮͨꪵĲϣҲȺڽ⣬˳һ̯һ̯ɫĳҺڵأʴ·ĵש
ǿ֮ڹһ壬ﲻƣȳ̶ȵĹƣҪֵ
۴ʥҲ̵һеִ֮䣬æȫƬˢˢˢˢͨ廯һƬڣ·Ӳĺһ㴣ԭأӭֱ˶һײ
ˣ
ļµĳ𣬺۴ʥȻһ¾ͱײ˳ȥ
ۼ׷ɢըѣһײ֮䣬ˡ
ס֣
һ̺ŭըһ㣬˹
۽Ҽҵ´󽫣Ǻˣ
ŤͷȥȴһŹȣ׷ԲԵߣڴӵ
ƺˮ֮еĺһ壬ϱŻĺع壬ĳأȴ֮ղŵһȣҲʾ
϶˭һȣȴ΢΢һ漴Ц˭Ҫɱ䡣
ɱɱͬȻѾͶԷַ֮
һӡǣͷλ˳
࣬ȫ׹ҫľˣһƬףҲģûٵĴڡ
ӡǳ֮󣬱һֻۣ֡
ӡǣȻǵġ췣֮ۡ
ԭǴμʶС췣֮֮ۡоڣƺ̺Լ༫Ϊ㽫֮èع
ԭǹֻѪ֮Ĵڣ췣ۣ֮޼ѰһԼ࣬ӵжطѾ֮ã۳췣֮ۡ󣬾Ȼ֣ⷢԼ֮ãٴ˼֡
̬ķ࣬׷ã
ں۴ʥǺ޿ȴͷ­ϣһصӡǣƺ̲޵⣬Źţһһһһף
һֻͫ棬˿˿׹⣬ܿƵشб
ʲô
пֻ۾ˣͷƤ飬ִͷĸо
ȴǲ֪ٽٰĿֲѹ췣֮۵ķ࣬Լδյһ˿֮չ˳
䣡
ͻȻ˷գͻȻըɰǧˮͰϸȻ֡
¡¡
֯һ˲㽫Բڡ

۴ʥ˫Ŀ죬ŵؿԼĴû׹֮£һҽжȫΪ촷ۡ
Զ˼ӿƬƬ¥ᣬȻͨǺ㣬ȫ򾪺ҽУҳһš
㡭㾹ȻɱҲ۴ʥŭ𾪡
Ǻޣȴסˣڸղչֳȫģһ˲ɱɰǧ³޵ʵѾԿЩӵдܵԲʿ
Ѳɣ˲ǷླʵԲʿ
ɴǵ뢵ĻԻ
ޣɵõһ
ǵ뢣۴ʥǿѰ·ˣһ߷˻ҲȻ޿ǵġ
ǰͻȻһ£޾ѹû֮ʱİ
ûֱӷһӣһì֮գȥ
˹żǰԲʿìҲû˵꣬㾪ֵؿڵȥ
ûһ˿˿ڣȴԼǰķº͹ףһƬ˽̿
ʬãʵϣ𣬳͸ˣֻתĿܶûУ
ʹߴˣ۴ʥޱɱ彻ӣȴͻȻ֣һתͷͫ׼Լ
̡
׹⼤ӿ֮У˿˿εſֲѹɢܵһйǽש̨ͤ¥󣬾Կѣ顣
ʱƺǺͬݵľۣҴҸԶԶɱ۴ʥһĻɵɫ䡣
ղѾ˽ǣҲ֪˾ʲô£ȴû뵽ԼֻͬһƾȻѾӵ˵ز
ҵ֮ŭεʹߣŭεǲʥ֮ӣǰʥһӣסְա
ǰԺΪ򲻿ɱ۽
ŭε𣬲ʥʲô߰ģԶԶĺɵһҲƾնҲ˳ͣ
ЩԳʹߵ˿ŭεͲʥƺ֮ݷǷĴܣһĴڣҲװû
Ҳû˶ʾһ֣棬ܹҪɱˡ
ưܵĴ֮УԭվԭأɵɵŲͻȻӰԼٶȣ˲ɵǰ
ĳ֣ۼӦӦ㱻һһֱץУȻӰɿƵǰžž¡


610 йϣ
һĶ֮Գʹߵ޶תˣֱˤڵزžѹǱ
ʹߴˡ۴ʥ裬ɵɫţתŭĿӡ
񡣡ʹȴһæȵ
΢ɼʶλпǵ뢻ǧҪСİ
뢣ôܣ۴ʥ
ܹԦģǵʲôǹԲϵʵҿҲ֮ԵУ
ʹ۹⻹еģֹ
۴ʥĻɣҪãҪ֪ȫ޷֮ҪɱˣԼˣҲ޿κΡ
۴ʥλʹô˵ŵ˸߰ͷ­
òᣬ࣬ʵҲǳηǽȻͬʿû㣬Ψһķѷ޵㣬Ҳǳ˿ץסģһ㣬ղŵĽ֣Ѿ֪ˡ
Ҳʲô˵Ĳʲôʱһ֮ڣȫ˴Ȼɱ⡣һ仰Ȼ㿴ʹߺͺ۴ʥķӦ
ʹɫһһףƺڼѾ񣬵ȴǹص˵ͷãǰԡ
ˣһ֮ٻص˵ͷȻȥ
ѾλŭεͲʥӣǽҲˣЩ޵ˣʲôҲײ
ʹߴˣôӦ뿪ȥ۴ʥʵפǡ
ͿһʹߺֹӦΣѲɣȥں仰
봫Ѷڵ֪ǳ룬뿪ˣǳ룬Ҳضǲǰ򣬵ʱиǴ򷢶Էһʹߵ
ֻһƬǽĹЩ޶ٻЩ﷢飬δŵʿܹ׶ԸģɸǰҲ޼¡
ʱȴˮ׳ǳأ̤С
ôˣЩ֣;Ͽɲϰߡ
֪ʵҲδػὫԷеŭεͲʥܶʱе鶼ǴɱɱܶģԷʵǿᣬ½֮ڣĹռҺԻ
ĵʮ㡣
ԣһᣬһ֮ڣ뿪˺ȴǵҸղŹˮԪ棬ûڴϢˮ
еĻԣǵǺʱշħǴƹ㣬ֲҩѱޣһԺ
һ޴Ҳ֮أȻҪԼħǮҲĲ
֮ض̲Ҳ˵зḻҵˮԳ
ǵģ￿Լ壬еҪǳص⣬뽫֮ȫƿأչΪӴҵͿصأ½˿ڡ
ųЩԴ󣬷˱ضܹʳǣԣ֮
ҪЩ㽨ս½ϸȻܣһԿƣһʱĳҲױԷʦ߷ʳԴ뿪˺زϣзϽֻǴɿ󣬴ױȴǿ͵͵еġ
д㣬⸻ĵǺȴǶǿռ˼ȣҪ۴ʥ߻߻ɱ
ʱһαһ¹ȥǷһˣ֮ðţȻԶһͨ
ʱѾذ£ͳǺдһǧħҲ൱֪֮ģǽ̵СһףĿ̶ȣԶͨҪߡ
۴ʥ£ģ֪ҩѲΪͳǺҲ̫ˣһöƵĴ񵤣ǿʿΪ㱾Ϊϣ˳ĻﵽξҲˡ
ûиԣö񵤣ʿҩȻܹһʱΪǣ˺ȴǱľд
ˣԿҲᷴԡ
һΪͬͨޣڻζضѾˣȴһֱӴ壬ɼǱԻεģʵȻǿᣬٶȣͻҲδܽԲ֮
л͵ԴС̽ͷװŴ񵤵Ľס¶һ˿ֺηɫ
ɱֻʣԪڶУȥǻָԪˡ
ҲǶϧԭʼԪħѪʳָܻô죬ѷɽˮٶʮʱҲ̶ֳָȣˣڶеľǾηмҲκġοľǣСʱҲ˵ܷĴţ٣Ҳ˽⵽һЩλȨصһǿ壬壬ɢǲġ
⿴µЩ˱֪ˣϣϵˣһλֶνԴţǰǸЦ
ͺúȻ׼Ǻȥ￴ôˡ
˻һȻٴǺϡ
һΣȴû۴ʥе壬δϵģƺҲѾȫ룬Ӱ
ںѲ߮һˮʸȴһλ߷ˮ
ݿǱ£Цݣңңʵ
Ҿǡɻؿ
ŭε٣֮£ϣܹμӵ¾ٰױᡣǰȴǿͿطһŹĽɫӣյ˹
һ֪ŭεһоٰʿʢᣬ½Ԫ½ϵĵһңʶõ롣
ʱԪ½һЩӵĸɢޣ֮еĸǰ챦óͨޣûУҲԺΪŭεԸסŭεұƺΪͳεĵһҪ󣬱Ͼͳ죬ռأҲֻ½ضѡ
Ķ죬ʮɵĵа˳ɱǺ󣬵һԱҵȫˣҲ֮һలµҪԭԼ㹻ֺαҪֺãռ½أ
Ҳϣһ˿ͷ
ĺܣʿŭεҪѹˣвҵȰСС½һЩҲ֮һȥμʢ֮󣬿ĸǿߣȻͻ֪Ѷˡ
ʱоŭεȻʱˣȴûǺ
Ĳ²ҲǶ࣬׼䣬ǲս֮Ĳš
Щɫ벻ԸڵǿҲеֵģϾŲظ㣬ǽǣǽʿ׳Ҫ޷鷳֮ʱԻᱻ
ԣҪιʶķܣлÿ
ãȻ𿴵ĳ룬ĳɷĺ⣬ᣬҵʱȥΪҲӦ
ȻˣұݹˣպãʱݰԻѲҹ;·ҵ𹬳ڡЦǺǵص
ȴǲɵðһ
ŭε𣬿ЩʵȻͳԼͻҶԼĿ˵Ԫ½һΡ
ʱԪ½ֻзԲһδ״̬˶ûмʮҸӰȥ
֮󣬰ߺһ֮󣬱ȥ뿪˴˵أ춦ֵʵ㱾ԲȥģΪλҪӦ
ǰֻһССӵܣҲû˵ЩţȻǰͷˣ߳ȥʶʶܣҲ
֮⣬Ǻˣ»֮УԲηȥ֮
⵹ҲǣβȥĻҪ˿ˡ˼ص
ſɣ꣬ұضҲΪһǿʱ򣬾Ǹҷ壬μҾٰʢˡֻڣǽû棬һǽκ벻ˣϺ֮ҲûʲôɾٰĴᣬûõóֵ䱦ʿҲǴСèֻûɵؽ˿⡣ȴǿ˵
ڵһС䣬ȷû
ص壬ɽ飬ǰѯŭεͲʥһ£֪ˡ
ԭǲʥȷһλʥѴ֮൱ڵظֵľ뢡
ʥаӣÿӽͳĶ򣬶ŭε𣬱֮УΪǿļλ֮һ
˵ʥ棬ǴĶ⴦ͷʥҪΪƣǰ
⵹鷳ˣұΪŭεۣͨ룬˵á
е뢵ģǲͬһңŭεĵλ൱Щ
⵹޷Ҳ֮ҲռŸ֣ʱ򣬾ˡΪ¿ǣȰ˵
ǺҲṰõģҲŭεҲδؾ͸Һַʱ򣬶Ϊ
һ󣬱Ҳ𽥽һȷ
֮ǰѾʼǲפǺռ˵ˡ
û̱ǰĵǣϾʱûкŭε̸ףսԿĻǷˣˣʱֻ㾫Ϊ
Щ취ǺдĴΪа취ѱЩħҲһʱ֮δȬĻԱ˷ܵںеڣˮˡ
˵ˮԪ֮ǳ棬ǺǴöˡ԰չˮ棬һĽŴߡ
ֻϧСһ㡣
ͲҪСˣԲǧһСѾ㹻ޣֻҲԸɱȡѰؼȡˮԪǰѴֻ£ΪΪǡ
ַ֪޸֣ȱݡ
ѵʿǱԪһ㣬Ԫ㳤壬ϵ⣬׽̻ңȼȡ꣬ɽˮ
ֻпԪֵһ㣬ʿΪսʱ۵ĸӣҪʿԶ٣淢սҩ湦˫£ӿʿ֣̱Ըıƣо뢴֣ܳҲΡ
Ǵƺúѡʵӣ£ר죬Ϊ˹ṩʳͼױ
ˣģСԼ˵أҲæԭ֮ģüΪ档
ûֺ䵽ϣȻҪúñ֡


611 й£
һʱ䣬ϣܿҲȥˡ
һ䣬ŲƷĽ裬ⲢͨеĴŲƷ󣬶ڸ½СŲƷ˶һ࣬һ꣬Ѿ깤
ɽҲ߰˰ˣȻûĹãȫУһЩСɵľ䣬йܣȴܹʵˣʱ·û龳ִڣе龳֣ҲǱȥİȫɴǿ
֮⣬ֵһһǣ÷Ůһ꣬ȻȫУҪΪ¸ˡ
ʵ÷ˣѾʮҲǲףһУ⣬֮ͬ˺ãҲᳬʮλҪֻܺһ;
˵˵΢ֻ÷ų裬ȴǱض½䱾ԣȴǹغĴ¡
һ£Ѿ㹻Ҳ˵˺ɷŮΪˣϾɷͨ飬߶ԣҲΪ㣬֮𣬱ѹһء
Ůޣûаѻ˵̫˭ȷ᲻檣ʱ벻⣬ǼΪǿָȢŮΪ檣ҲеģֻλȷҲ֪޷ˡ
ǺУԵҲ㾡ģͷ̻ޣֲռ˲ˮ׿ɽ
Ǻһεˣ۴ʥƺЩĿãΪͲóЩҲûʲô˵ģԣЩȫ
ʤڣ˿нвһЩʦ֣㱻˴ںĵ찲Ӫկ׼ұЩԭʤĹ֮λѾָһԭԶ׼Σεʤǽ֮һٽĵطΪṩԴԴϵԴ
ȵ󣬴̩񰲣˿Ҳܹ֮ʤһתΪרǲͶµӵܺͨʦ
Щ滮ȫá
ŭε֮ʱѽټϣϸãҲǰ
Ԫ½һƬ󺣣ԼнʿȫУҲҪʱ䣬ܺɣ۽֮˵Ҳص򱶡
صĲʱ˿̵أ޷֮Ტۡ
Щ壬ռɽҲͰˣȻôĺΪУ̰Ĳ㡣
뵽һȻԼռһ֮أûɵŭǺǵСڣҲ൱һСĵ
ӣ˵û࣬ı찡ϵǲΪȻˣѼöˡ
ϣϣǰͬǰʲôҪעĵطൣѹеĲ죬Եضϣ˵
һΣһ˶Уϣϣ࣬ͬ
⵹ŭεԼǴûвμӹһʿľۻᣬʲôѡ
˵ˣڵ֪ԼһʿҲԸⶪ档
ģҵȱضġϵһЦ
ֻϧҵȴʱֶȥҲʾʿǣǱҲûʲôֻҪʵѹԷӮءź˵һ漴ȴ˵
ָģԼһ˾ȻҪԼУʮһ׵ɢޣžͷǱǳݳУʮ㡣
ȻҲбԴ⺣ϿգȷҲûʲôģĿ̫Ҫȿһ⴦򣬱ûٳ
ʦ㵽ЩħʿУһݣ취ҵֻҲ˳еĹߣֻϧԶžһ㣬Ѳ߮졣
кõ߳ݣʮ㣬˲䴩գԶԼɵطϼʱҪá
һ˽˺ֻһƬããޱߣ߼ʣ׳֮Уһߡ
ĳӺɢĴͬʱӸ£ع󺣣һ֮Ԫѭ
ѭ֮Уںıأģ̲Уûʲô˽⣬˵ı˵Ҳ½صİٱϡ
ϣҪ½ϷİٱϵĻмֲš
ǵȻ½ϣƽʱҲ½ԼûеУز˽⣬µ֣ᷢеı½ϸеģһ٣½ûеģͬʤټϣÿ磬һ㶼½ռҪ࣬ӵеıȻҲˡ
ǰӣʵ½ϴǴӺ֮ж˵⽵ʯеҲ½Ҫ࣬һκΣ׸ͿͬΪ½һĴڣͬɽ壬꣬ϿȣأԭָĵΣϰԲֲͬڲͬˮ㣬ͬһﺣԶ½Ҫˡ
һ£Ҳãһܺ⣬½ϳǳأͨ͸ûӣнʯȺڲͬĲ棬ġ
Щ飬෴˺άһ΢ѭĵرƵ
ϵںϷգв쿴һ΢һЩ˽⡣
ʱûḻĵرǸͺ㣬оޣȴǼʶ١
һ㳤ϣһľ㣬͵ľ㣬Ȼδĺޣ
֮£δʼķ˾СöˣֿȭⲫǧҲ⾨ѹġ
飬˵̫֮УҲȷо޳ɴʵĺޣԶˮѣ޳ɴˣҲһ⡣֪棬ЦǺǵظ͵
֪ȻҲǼΪ׵ġ
һ޳ɴһͨ쳹أ»һأҲܿȾۣܹǾǲˡ˵ȴͻȻһ£һ˿Īĸп˵˵ĸֶ࣬ڵεıƴϣʿȴǵ׵ģҲֻдﵽϳϣſʼŤתƣƾλѹ塣
ȴΪΣѲɣ츳ϵĲ죿һ£ǣླʿǿ츳ϵĲ𣿡
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Ȼһԣ󷽲޳ɷģǱͣ϶ҪгɵţͨԲעصΪĻۣһֵĶ
ླʿֻԼϵĲ࣬Ʃʿ뾫Ѫ޳뷨࣬׿ԣԵЩۣ뷨౾в𣿵ʥȣǵ㾫ѪȴԶԶġ
ԭˣŻȻ
ԣͨΪǲԵʣһֱѹΪʦӵи似ͬʱ׻ǿ츳ҲӲֻ޳ɴԺԺһЩ
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գҲΪȻ
ȻΪԼܹʰ۴ʥΪ岻ˣϾһ壬֮У͵ģǿʳ޾һǿ壬޳ۣ۴ʥ¶һˡ
ʿܹͬʱɱͬȾİ
Լ˿ǸԼһ⡣
ڲȷ಻Ϊ˽ĶӦŭε֮뺣ҲÿԳʶ
ڣ٣ǹس棬ˣٳ˱
ٳ֮Ĳãǵ٣㱻еһЩ޷ˡ
һȺ״ͷ۵ĳªꪣӺ
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Ӧŭε֮ǰμױĿˣŭεȻѾҲ鷳ֱӽԷ䵽һͷƺĿС
ǹ￴һɫȥתԭǰĽ͸λǰй
˵ţӺз𣬽ͻ
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ȷˣⱾҲûʲô϶֮ģɴ˶ֲҪ˵ߡ
⺣ҹĽ۴ʥһˮۣŭεµȷвȻǲ䵽ӭӹֻͣţǰйڡ
˸⽫ĺһƽĺ档
ʱѾһˣڼһ״Сֻʮﳤ
Сϣ¥̨ͤ԰ׯ԰һĸ֡Щ½棬һĺҽݣĿóΪ˸ϵĻ԰԰Уʱл̺֮죬档
£¥ˮ鿳ȡЩ֣ǰиԼëѪޣԷȴΪܣʮ̵ŷС
ģô°ĵװһ
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ŭε𣬿ɻǻܡϺͻȴϵãЩл԰ֲģ඼黨ݣĵرĵطҲ𽥸ı䣬ΪһĴڡ
԰УʱҲԼһЩѵһĻ֮ӰϷЩƺƽų裬ҲԾˬʵЦŶԶΧۡ
ǧޣŮӡЩֲ֣֮УгɵģѾȹС٣ﵽˡ
˳֮ʱſʮò绨ŮжӶУߴ䣬òӢŮȴǧģ֣ве£ɴУҲһһݻ
˿ۻңֱЩŮԣһŵǰʺ򣬲Żع
ŭε裬ط֮ǰӭ£ݰ٣˰
ԭǰ轫ҵʵڡ
ŭεǲһǰԳӭӣУȷôһ˿ãҲ⣬ϾʱԼʲôĴҲֵôһλĴӭ


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ЦǺǵ˵
µ֪ͷԪ½Ϊοɱ˶˴йרΪ½ӷϴƴǡ
һ޿ޣʿԣҲʲôʱ䣬͸Ժһٷ࣬ûشȥҪ
⻰ǳһ飬⴦ԼΪŭεĵطȻֻд͵йרŹݵʿסġ
ҲԭģдרֻкԼһˡ
ӣ˺Ԫ½Ϊ֮Ҳھӣ͸棬ɡϺͻ϶Ȱ
һΰݷݹصʿ壬ɲʧǣб˿ˡ
ھӣǲƴ֣ɵðɺ˵λδı֮ȷھӣǸ͵ھӡ
ðɣǾͰ轫ˡ˵
λЦ⣬Ը֣ӭ͡
ˣˣˣ
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ѩɽ𣿺ƹѩ޸Ρϼʶ㲩٣Щ֮󣬺ܿҲۡ
򵥰ȻŮǻδȴЩ̵ŮԱߵȻȫǻϴ
Ȼֻζ磬ҲҪĵرгɣټϣӴ˿ڻҵ
ܹҵó֮࣬ۺ֡
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ǹôʲôȻ˼ҺĺдǱ㳨˶ƤԺȣ޾ʳЩ鵤ֲԼǮϵǻ˵
⵹ҲǡΪȻص˵ͷ
Ȼ̸ȴ˽ﴫϣҲţûѯŭεĹ
£轾شǵٰױᣬºܺ͸вٴ٣ľϣɽ棬޵Ľ𵺵Ļа۵ˣȻλֺſ
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ϵֱֹ֪׹Щ˿ɶǺһ㣬ڸһĴ
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ԣЩҴ˼޷ǱҵεĹ㷺ʶǿεĶ࣬ˣȴҲòһ㡣
ۣȺ֡λ𣬻治һ
˵һλԲ֣ӵԲʵʲôеʱ򣬱ʮͨʿðɱֻԣԲʿҲҪ޵λȨأǱȻͬˣ˼ĵ޸֮ʿʿи֣빬ܹ˵
ڵ磬Ѳɢ޵ʱȥżɢõϹǿߴУʲôĵرƸǣΪͻͽЩвͨˣͻȻż䣬ֻЩýƵˣŻ̤ϸλճͷء
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ΪʲôΪ˶ŭεһ㣬Уº֮
ڵݵλԶԶûдﵽǵȳ̶ȣֻǸСѡ
ѵõ۴У磬վҵһϯ֮ء
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ͬԶĹ󣬰Це֣ʮ޵Ůӣͻȥ£㣬ʲôҪܷԸǱˡ
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˴η½ºܺ͸ǰμױᣬȻΪǺһʩѹô򵥣ʵϣһǺͲڸԣŭεڣ˶ҲΪŸô򵥡
λĹ˵˵ŭεϵ¶һ˿Цݣãöܲ
лޡ¶ܳɫܹõͣɲô򵥵顣
ļλѶҪǰЩӣҲȷ鲻ҺúдǣҪǾԼˡ
Ҳ֣ŭε˵ſѺõĻ䣬ȴǺһЦ֮⣬·иһĴ̼֣дһ㡣
ʱ˿̵ļƣȣȷһϣһ£벻⡣
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ͬѪѱ뺣Σֱӱ㴦ˣŭεǴﵽŵʮ֮࣬ںô
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ҲŲǸȥɵ㣬Ȥˣ¶ҪԼߣҪ˭ҡ¹ƺʮֲǺ¥ɵþС죬УҾҪȥ½ϣүүӦҵġ
¹Ͳ󣬵ȴҲúŪʶүүֿʼҶˣץס½ϲš


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үүȥ
漴ǰٰ
úúãȥȥȥȥﶼУϣ¶ְүүˡ

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ŭεΪ谮ŮΪ䱸ŮΪﵽ۾ĸ֣һְų㲻һЩƽ̻ɽ󴨵ˣ¹ߵˣȻҲɣְ
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ЩŮΪеز²ţܵĺ֮ȼա
ʵǲ棬ΪԼǰ;ڴš
⣬ҲˣΪЩŮ滤ҲҪ޹ȥʱδҪ̷ӣ˭֪ԷļΣܲƴǣ
ȻǶΪճڵ޸֣ҲվݱѣΪ߱пܵġ
˵ܹ˻֦ǱǷ֦ͷˣȻܺ͹ᲢۣΪ̣λȴҲǸõĹޡ
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ŮȴΪȻԵô˵ٹãǡ깫һʱ񲻾ʮ뼰֮꣬Ҳֻ꣬ʮСѣõģң㲻̳ɻ飬Ҳȶͬض飬ΪɫĲſʱ飬Ҹָտɴ˼ңΪ밡
ҿ̸ô˷ܣԼμ˰ɡ
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˵˵ţЩŮҪǼǰҲû̫ľٶ
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ʣҪ½ѾõͬˣС󣬻ûйġ
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壬嶼Ǳĵͬʱִžηηͬʱִź桭Լ㲻ԡ
Ҳֻо嵽ĳһʿֵܷ
ҲΪˣʿ֮УܵĴǲ켫ģһЩ͵޵ʿ䵽ԷУǸɱۣһЩ뢣ڸȺԶһ㹩ÿÿٵأҪĹд
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ǡкЩŮǿͰ͵ص
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ŮΣֻøԼ֪ŹһȥйŰݷˡ
ڴ˾ȻвףվҲܻΣգǵû̫ġ
ʱܿȥѾйס졣
˿Ǵ۽磬ͬʱҲ۸ڸ
йеһУһ㣬˶ԣݻ͹صģʱңǺл˼ֵʮϵļҵףҲ⵰һ
ܶණ޷类йзǣȡòŮӣЩеóֻвֵ𣬸ģٱ磬ׯ԰л԰ֵĸҩйаһЩ¯ֻߣ֮
ڱڰһͼȡ
ȣһʫһȴһ֮ͼͼϹˣ̬Բͬ
Уһ˵ٸᣬƸãվԵʧţһǽοɰŮ΢£һֲƤһֻ΢΢䣬Ƥ״һŻ£޸߹ıɽŮӣֻĸȻͦǰɽƺҲøͦμ֣һȴǷұŮ֮ϸԲΣȫ޲ɢջϢ
ˣǰ˼̬ջ󶼰ȥ
ҲֻΪһװͼŰ֣ȴͻȻ֣ж졣
⾹ȻһѾﵽؾλ˵Ԫǻ֮ˣǻҲǷƷʦ֮ʦԱѪռƣǻһֵƣάԪԻһ
дߣֻҪעУٻ̥ԪԵУǲɶõǿ֮ᷨ⣬൱ڶǧĵ˼檣ʵû֮䣬
ȻҲὫ˼СϣȴòʦĹ˼֮Ѿ˵Զһ㷨ķ롣
ȷŻܣٿһ
һո̺ɶжϣ൱һ𵤾ˣʶϸϸ̽飬Ȼһ
£ͨ嶼ɢһɵĺ⣬ֻǽָһ֮⣬ܵϸ΢Сĺ佣â̶ֱǷƥ
ƷƺȻʱԸͼȣʱգͣضһҲпͻƵ龳ϡ
ٿһ䱦ȴһղӰͭƺ̺һƬأУ̽⵽ա
һԳһ֮ԽʱգԼӶݣɱˣܣһһá
ȥ治ò˼ˣȻ⼸ǹرķйο˰ͣĲ˵ڷЩϵķάģÿҲöǧö֮䣬һ㼸ö
ЩǷװһпʣóĽǣйҪάɾְڷ֮õ䱦ЩһŮʦ԰ֲ黨ݣܣһҪ
ʲôͨ߼Ϊһ֮ڣֶʹͣõ޴ջʱķȵȶãٺ»ʮʮ䡣
ȲƸйһǹˣа豦ﶼҪŮʦ԰һɢ黨ʧȥ֧ţҲȡ㹻𽥿ή
˵ЩƷĲƸԼǴ´࣬һܣ붼롣
漴뵽Լиַ׬ȡֻϧֵһȺ˵ŹҲʵ治
ݳޣ治һݳް
Ը̾
ӣŭε𣬿ɻǲƴְ·ĸ̾Ҳɵ˵
ʱ£ҲڲԶйеĸ裬Ůָ£ڹоҴʱ֣йӴķΧţȡԪΪãǲһЩʤء
ʣ˺õķ󣬲ά֣ҲһʲƵķá
̾ŭεƴ֣Ѿ֪ǵڼˣ⻹ûס༸գ˱㲻ɵԼеĴ
ҲȻΪЩĵǶ֪Ϊһеĸĵ̣Կ쳤վлԨ㣬˶
ϣأתͷʵ
ʦ˵ǰĻѵãץʱ䣬չؿȥˡϿЦһɵҡҡͷ
Ǻǣ˵Ҳҹ⴦طķ󣬼ԱһЩ츣صıչˡ
ûҲ˶˾衣޵ѵ
Ҳͻһչһ֮УҪһߣտȻĻԲСǵ֪֮
Ҳ̵ָ֪ص˵ͷ
ʱһλŮ˽ӯӯݼǹˡ
ǰ轫𣿡ֵһ
⼸գȻױûпʼΪŭεҲûг֣ȷǺóԺסعǣ˵裬Ҳʱʱس̸֣۵кš
֮⣬еһЩҲţύһ˲ûʲôɸܵĵطէ֣ǲɵЩ֡
жλܹʽĹǰģǵΪ谮ĵŮ¹Ů͵
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ǵһμ¹ǵŮӣ̷ּۣЩȴϰдӣǲһŮ
ԭǿ¹ǵĶ¹ǣǣ̷ۣˮԪ̺֮޶ٴбһ㡣
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¹ѯʣһֱȻţ쳣档
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һ⿴ŷ羰һشСŮ׻壬ŭεȷһλȨƲĴͳĺѾ档
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ƣƺ¼ݻһЩǣҲˣղŵγĶԱȡ


615 £
С粨󣬰һЦǸؽ˽ȥ
ȻҲûʲôۣǳ˳Ժ
ղǰ̽ǣŭεֱҲ˵ϰЦһ
֪ΪˣŷŹҪ򽻵ģֻһλǱŭε޵ı̬඼֮΢΢ͷ
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ŮĻȻ²©̫ˣ¶ʶĺ֮ͨ䣬Ҫʲô©ֵ
ǣɱ˵̫Щ黫ʿרƭľΪǵСѾͷЦ
磬˼ҲŲСѾͷŮغ˺ߡ


616 
Ůм䣬ȴûа̫עЩͨıϡ
Ȼλòֻͬһͨɢޣֵ챦Լô©׬׬Ҳ˵ʱյĴ׬ʮ׬ʮִΣ塣
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ǣҪĻ𾫣ô󡣡ʿɵص
Ҫ𾫣
ҪԶ֡ȱ˼ģһЩᾧء
ǣ⵹ˣñмö𾫣㻻ȡЩᾧΣЦ⣬ǡôӴȡʿĶ
Լöֵ̫ͬߵĻ𾫿ȡóĻ𾫿󣬺׻ɽҲѰãֻ½ϻɽܶвУԥһӦˡ
ױڵ壬ȫﶼȡջЩ̼֣ʿȻ⣬ܹЩ̼֣Լֱӽףζܽʡһʿ֧
»ȡĽᾧߵǰЦԵǸӣǾõˡ
޷ʶôãϵԱǡ
ͻȻҿǰȫ֮أҲûбҪҼһ𣬸ѰԼıǣҹ֮ٵǰˮۡ
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ȻղŵʿҲɢޣ಻ЩʿȽ⡣
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ҲȷΪǣΪʱȻΪһ֮ǸԶԶȲЩųӣֻǻƸһʿԼƴ֪²׷ϡ
ܹȢ¹Ůӣһб㶼ȻͬˣԲض˵Ҳȥƴδǰ̣ҲԶ
ˡⲻҪǹӳɫ࣬ȥ˼СѾͷ𣿡Цһ漴ֵ˵ҲеȻôõĻᣬ񲻿ϧҹӺ¹ƺǳͶԵȻδؾǶŮ˽飬չ黹ǱҪΪܵģܹɴ£һԵ
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ˣҲز̫ˣҴ诣ǲظ̫ȻҲ˳һЩȥܴնҲ˵ϵ

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ͻȻ뿪ԶԶŮ类֧ͬԶţѾû˴ţСŮֱۣԵýֽţʱֻһͷС¹ײҲ֪ΪΡ
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ŮһҲûйЩʿŲԶ֣ϱһŮСܹæЩװ
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ȵס蹫ӣ˵һ֮˶ʱ㶼ˡ
˷ܣҵţ·ԼҲһ㣬ʵȴǣʿƽˮǷḻһЩģҲĴѰ̽أڻ˼ɽֻؾ֮Ѱұˣʵżֿơ
Ƕ֪صǼҴƴ蹫ӸΪռϷһЩȴû뵽蹫Ӵпã±㱻ˣԼС
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Ϣܿһʮʮ٣ڽεŪʿȫ̷ӵ̯ʿֿȫһһȥҲɵ׷ʾʲô£ϢĿɿڴ
˵ֲȫˣֿƣɣҲû˼ˣˣȥһ
£Щɢ̯Ҳʰ˹
Ƭ̣ǸС˺˺һ㡣
СŮ¥ϵһ䣬ſڴұߣֱЦȫܹˣүү᲻Ҳ۶㣬ȥһ
Ů۶οЦô̫ðɣǵµĹͣһҪǡ
㲻õģҪԿˣһǰүүһӣŹġСŮû۶˵ʲôߺ͵صҲѽϷͿ쿪ʼˡ
СŮڴߣкԼŮϷʱۺҲŸӵɫ·Ⱥ
û뵽Ȼ˵ı¡
棬ҲǸ竰ˣԣһ֮𣿡
ΪԽоԼ͸ԷվǴżֺ棬Ҳû뿪˸طʿһ㣬֡
λǰȡ裬ȻҪͶЧ
潻ԿǱ֤ݣʵȷżɵʸ񣬻ͶЧҲ
ľܡҵҪǲһÿĴ
Ѻ蹫⣬蹫ƿڴݺвүүΣధ󣬶ᣬһʯǰ㴣ԭأĬϢȴ潵١
ӣΪҪ棿蹫ԼǱѵһͨҲȡ裬汾ˣȣǿɾͲͬˡϺͻЩǣǰһ
ǷģβðʧҪһ档
Щ⣬ֽ͵Թһķ޷Ǿô;ǰʿѱ˵̤ʯ񲻺ùԼۣҲһˣͲ½ķһ㣬ٸ궼ʽ򡣡
Ҳ֪Ͼǵôװ̤ʯġεңԷϾҲһǿɢޡ
ͲصˣĴѵҵĶұɣ΢΢һЦ¶ױȵţҲݣ㲻Ҳ˵ǲСһʶˣҵǲŭεĵͷɱˣôˡ
Ϻͻ⻰ȴǰŰɡ
ʵǺеʱǾѾʶʵˣǸʱżԲʿҲܴܣһȽ֮𣬱룬ڻ֪Ĵ»ҰȷʵǴ˼𾪡
ԲʿҲŵֵ֮ģһԲʿʵȻԶͨҲȷֻ½ǰʿѣһԲɵģĸ֡
ܹŭεָ۽ضҲ򵥣ԼҲһĴ¾ǿԼһˡ
˶⻰ҪֳһȷĴ棬Ȼһж˵һȴǷѵһ٣ȡ裬пӰ쵽ҵƺ͵λ
֪ǣǵĺǿǱƳǸƽϢ飬δɶ֪
ʱԶգͻȻâǳա
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˻ӦСӵƣԵ
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ǰµʿԴ򷢶ԷҲˣǲܴ򷢶ԷֱסǲĶ˶ң
Ƕ˵ˣǲ潵٣飬ǿ۵ģǰۿΪá
˵Ҳǡ
ܿ죬ɧȺƽƽ֮Уб˴˵ʶ½¶Ҫסڿˣ򣬻κβЩΧߡ
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ĳݣƼţݳɿɣһС͵¥нʣ̨ݻڳ⣬ͯŮŷվŮŴ
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蹫ӵĳƺ֮ӣ蹫ӵ塣
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ٶȼ죬ɶ֮䣬һǳаĵ̣ȻĳصĶݷ
Ȼûеݳһһ׹⼤
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׳ڶì֮ͻȻſ蹫ӣӰţ׹⣬ȥ
ǿԲʿȻҲȥ
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쿴ˡţȻô֮С
̺࣬ʿ۶ɵķǳƣͷȴС౶·ڶʿ
֮ȴ¶𾪵ɫΪԲóһģʲôҲͨףף
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ֻһ˲䣬Σѹȵ֮ƤҲԵɼ
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һѰʿΣ֮ʱıֲ̺࣬żŭ־֡
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𣡡֮һǰ˴󾪣ܲ
У׵ʿЩҲԼˣУΨ˻֮ǿĵ䷨һž;ƿݣ׸֮ʱ
Ȼǹĵȫǿķ˵֮ʱһǿ׵ѹ׵

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ã᲻˶ԷУ
Ϻͻϲ֪ԭЩǵģɵ
ֻǵϢӦͶԷͬʱˡ
˭Ҳ֪ղŶ̶Ϣʲô飬˵ģȴһӶҪˡ
⡭
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˾Ȼ֮ǰݵ֮ӣ˿̾һϹУ
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иӶʿעĿ֮ص£һѽ֮ӵ蹫ǰʵ壿Ҳ˵ǰĶӣ
蹫ľȻص˵ͷһģ
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һ̷裬µİңһλ׷£׷ͯյߣ˫̶¯ǰ˫ֽӡĿڤ˼
өĵǹ⣬ͷܣ·𻪸ڶһƣ̺޵ء
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һʱˣձչǱޣǿ֮İأչḶ̌ǱԺţײǰݷá
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֪жپžޣֻλȨصԲʿ֮£˵ǰٲһҲȵǰѹ׷̰ͼͣһ־ޱȼᶨ
Щ˵ƽӦŭ֮֮ԶУҲ˷һ˿һʱ䡣
ŭεȻҲһ㣬ԼлһԺϼػֹ˳ײԺ䣬λ͵ޡ

Ҳ֪˶ãİ֮УȻƮһ硣
˫ֽӡĿڤ˼ߣһѾõĵעͻȻ֮˹ſ˫ۣһĨ֣ͫ漴ûĺڰ֮С
ѩķ˿޷裬ŹĵòŻƽϢ
ԭãͻȻ΢΢תͷ˰еһǡ
˫Ŀ·͸գʮԶԼϢԼڤڤ֮дĵ⡣
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ܹܣܹܣˡү͹ǡ
һŲ˻Żŵ˽Ժе˵Щʲô
治ɵ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫȥȴͻȻɫ΢䡣
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ˣһų裬ۣ۵ͯæ˽صĴмɾŹڵأڡ
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ĩˣͬЩɣүҲǸող˵ǻõٱ֮ǰȥģԭ룬˵Юִ٣ǲ֪ߵغ֮ڿûô򵥡
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㻹ֻ֪һС£ȻؾͷǿᣬǺ׼˵Աı˴£ɲʱͨ˵
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Ȼ֮һȻǶŭ
ʱ賿⣬Χ۵ʿûм٣ԽԽ࣬ɽ˺֮ơ
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֮ŭζ֣ȻҲʲôƽ͵ƽԣ飬ֻƽѡ
죬Ю蹫Ӻ֮ӣ棬˳Ҳ൱Ю£ȴǰҪΪˣΣҲһ
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⵱ȻһջǱص˼ŭεҲףΪȻȴȷһ֮ݣŶ뷷ģ׾ɱˣ˿ʵ
λ֮ʵҲǺķƽ룬ֻдС²Ѳͬѣȴȷһġ
޹ɱ·ɱٺʥɱųϣ㽫ң御Բð
ˡŭεѹԼŭ
ȥ¶Ҵ׼ź֡

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⣬ƻͨһƬɽ˺
ԽԽʿ߸賿ʱչͻȻ⣬ϱ㱻ۼʿˡ
ʿѾ̽ȥˣȻǻʵƫٺ֮ɷתԼ֪֮£ⲻͼӴһԼĲ²뷨Ҳӽȥǽ蹫аۼҵŮͽԴף֣蹫ӲУԼѰƣȴһƷ
ȻЩ룬㲻ҿ֣Ҳûϸϸ׷µ٣ɴܻ֮ӵһĻ
蹫ӳΪ塱ģλ֮еһλҲͨڸ֣һа龳ʿӣȴֱ룬һٳܣ𶯸ʿˡ
ʼľٶЩмΪ竹ӣϲ֮ԳɾʹµۺΣҲɵĹۡ
ֻʱѾ棬³ΣԤϣһλʢĲſֻҪʹˡ
ڳ֪ŷݣֻΪܳͷɢޣˣܲŻ磬Ҳزۡ
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ȺͻȻðĴ֣ͻȻ֮һţΪڳϳݵģֵشߵͬ飬Ҳע⵽ǵĶٲµ˼֡
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һ׷ͯյߣϵվڿУȻ
ȻѾʼ¶̬ȴ壬Ŀ⾼ݵϣȻѾʼƣȴǷµĺۼûĨȥʱķââ籦ʰģִһһǿͶ֮䣬һɴȡ
ŴϴɬĪĸϢʿʶȤԾͣΨԷע⡣
֣ģڴҶﻹ˵ǿᣬҲܶµסڿڣͷԼѰˣûͬġ
үү蹫ȻҲһϳԼүү٣ϲең
ӢһⲻӻˡʿɫŹ֣а
Ҳճλ棬ʵѾ˲٣һеףȻҲλ蹫һݡ
ϱ߿ǰ蹫Ӷ˵ĳƺоһ漴һЦ˵
ǡӵմСǺˣ
Ϊŵӣ˼ʹĶӵܣ΢΢һЦԱš
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ҡִƱ½أ˵뢵Ǹҡ
ҳнǧ꣬½ϢҲһ±㴫磬˴Ҷ֪ѾٵͬͨС壬һˡУһ̣ǿǿһλԳƵǺţλλ󣬾λʮλǱǳǿľްˡ
壬壡ˣҵĸ֮Уȷûнģ괫ţһλӵܾͷԪ½Ѿ˿ٸ᲻Ƶ壬壿
Χʿ֮УϴϢͨģϱ뵽ǰԪ½顣
ʱԪ½һƬģҲвɢ߶ѰĵرֻҪ̫ȡù֣ռݿּ壬ǲ©һԴǵģܱﶼʼз˻ĺۼҲɢ޴֪ӵﰲˡ
һλӵܵݡʵڿƵķֳܹõԪ½ĵһأռȻȻ򵥣һ㣬ֶθӸһ㣬ʳ½δɶ֪½ϵأȺѵãܿ½ĻԺͿưﺣŭεᲢˡ
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һԺ˵㣬ΪҪҶѵǹг𣿡
ô᣿ԣҡҡͷǹûԹ𣬴ҲһѣֻϧұǷǣȴʵ̫ã׾ͱ¡
⻰˵ãɱˣһԷˣֲԼ
ȺвһЦܿ죬ŭⲪǿѹ֮ͻȻȫȥ


623 £
ĪΪԼ㲻Ҷ㣿ˣȰ㻹ǲҪּ̫ոջ뷷ͱ乬
гɣ㶯ŭˣĿ֮£˱ǲǸܵһ˿Եķŭ
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ǰҾǰĻͲ˵ˣλĶӺӰɣҪȥԣܵøһ˵УȻĻҽٸˣƾʲôڣԵ
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ǰΪ˵Цɣɫʱ
ʵѲµ治ԼҪԼԴķӣ׳գ¡
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ת֮䣬һֻɣ޴֮צ䵽ϣǼףȻӲͦһ
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˾ĿУûһƬ׹֮УȻת֮ƤϵȶʱȻ޴档
䣡
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һΣȴ֮ìǷ
ȫӿ׹⣬仯Ϊһİ׹Сˣֱ档
ٴδ󾪣ϣܵ˾ĿϢִ·ֻҪһԼ㽫ٲ
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ܵϴΣգæһͨȻƵֽɡȴֽɡ֮һƹȻܣ׹
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ʱ࣬£̺Ż֮Ǽ򵥵ĽӴҲͨķȻܹ£ɼƷ֮
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Ǿɵúܣǣƾ赲𣿡ֱۺȻǰһ죬Ȼچ֮Уǿд˽ȥ
׹ңҵĹâ磬ҵЩ׹ֽɡĻƹ⼤ҽţ·ˮݡ
ûõģŻɡۺĸԽɢǵֵ֮ķҲ֪Сѧٿı죬ΪƾССླʿܹԦ𣿡濴ͻϣ˵
ܹԦ֮ȷЩϣ磬治УϡŹ֣˼Ƶ飬ҲǶһ޶
Ҳ֪ǷضΪµʿԼԦܳ־Ϊ̬㡣
ʲôҲҪֻҪȴԼñԣңûȫңδ˵ʱ˼бҲ˵
Я׷ȻԲʿǿҪȽ֮ս˰ɡŷһ±µĴ㣬ЦױﶼⳡսþԺȽ֮ʱɻе̣
⻰һʱɫ䡣
ûдĴ̽ѰĵرҪǼڸֿԼֻķ֮ϣΪˣϧڴ෨ʵֵĴ۽
ԲʿΪҲ಻ϧرΪһɹܵ춨ǧҵۣʹϧǶȽʧܣǱֻصĽҲνˡ
дţһԲʿΪռЩܹĴ۵߾㾡У仰һҲš
ʱʵѾӵеĴƸתΪ࣬ˣû̫βμŭεٰױᣬǳЩĵر
ѽȽҪõױﶼĵˣ³϶Ǳɣ
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涯ҡһ˲ͻȻһƴ˹ȥ
СӣȻģޱȣĵΨһ֮£ǶȽ٣عԵ
ϾԲʿûô׾ͱУת˿ȥ
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ʿˣܴ⣬Ļˣ䣬Ԫ֮ǣȻЩδһʱڽĳʱ̣Ƚ٣ֳ
ĸ֣һʲôطǱضݺ
Ҳ֮ʣԼȫ£꣬˸׵׵Ĵ飬ֱѾȫŷġ
ϼһȻӵε뢵ľѪҪ֮ʱܹԵ֮תǬҲӵܣһ֣Ȳʤȯ
һԼƣ֮ŵУѾʩչ˵ļʿʵǱ㲻ɵ¶һ˿յ΢Ц
ȷһǿ֮ƣǿԼ˺ֻϧԼӵеرͬСɣջ׾ͻʤˡ
ʱ䣬ܿȥոճأȴСŮѾΣԴʥҩǰΪϺͻֹûоԼ
Ҳã¶ңûʲôҪ£ֻǵĹĶѣͷȥл
֮⣬չۺΣԼʮĺɢޣԸĿǰˡͻȻһЦһ顣
Ŷԣ־ϲǰˣô֪ͨң
ˣԭǵλϵ͵ʿִһĺǿԼܹʶԷ£ֻԭǸ֮Ȼǰˣȴһˡ
˵¼ѾʼЧͼӰԵòԡ
Ͼʿһ׶Աжϱ׼֮⣬мΣΣϺ֣˽֣սĽȴʵʵڵģ˭Ӯ˭䣬ױܿó
ѾĻ棬Ȼݺݵؽʰһ٣Ŀ֮£ڽ£̤ʯʵ˲ٶһ֪ʿȻɵӰҲܱȻǾǣһҹ֮ˡ
˵⼸գеĸ̸飬ͬʱҲĴ̽ĳһе¼ģ˻ɫعĴǳֿȡ
ҲΪˣһЩ˼ˣҲ²⣬ӴһǴǰȷ޽飬˸ֽǰ
ǴȤ뿪ЦңҲôˣһǿ񫣬ô󣬻ûб˰˹ء
²żǵžˡЦֻһЩ³ʿкҲʲôҶ˵ˣĿǳսȻ֪ػԹԵġ
ǵ̫żǣԵüȣӣԳرá
֮ԲôȻԭġ
ᣬϱһΪһǿӦʲô̬ȶԴЩʿβʹ˼׽ֲ̫ðϡ
Ҫһ֮ǵõźͼ뷷ͿˣԼӪ壬Ѵ
ɵҲ侲ʶԼЩˣͷ˵õҲǣݣϧëûаԼĵλȥǣԵý˿ˡ
Ϻͻ˵ǽԣǽף˼ӣеʱʿˡ
νУԣͶʿԼҶ˽⣬ҲǴӴʼԵëë꣬϶Ҫ˿ᣬЩ³ʿҲʲô˲ţǰڰڼӣѹһѹշ
ȻǹӣһղǱЩˡ
Ҷ治ֳ飬ŭεǱʲô˵ûУ뵽֮£ʵ
ʱûУŭεһöĵƷ鵤˵Ԫ֮ЧϵҲѾչӵķԸԵɺ;ǰѯʵˣǻͨŭε𡣡
һŭε𣬴Ҳ֪ıˣԺƽ۽ޣȴҵԸ֮ǰõǡңµȷ¶ģ֮⣬ͱұ޳ܡ
ܣȷ˵Ҳ˵ͬʱ蹫Ӷ¶ԲѷڵϷΪͷһϵ顣
˵⻹һ޷ĺͿˣҲѹҪŭεϣѾãŭεû춯Ҳֵõ֪飬Ҫǣ¶ϡ
ȱ˵ˣıƣ޳ƵģЩҪҵʿѾأȥһǺˡ
˵գǰйǰͥȥЩĽʿ
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˱ŵ˼һ㣬ۺҲڵȴͬʱ̽塣
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һЩصĴϢʱ䣬պ㹻̽һЩ򵥵Ϣ񣬴ѾСջ
ͬ˴ΪĶǽǰ̣ҳɹҲضǱһŵͬţһЩصϢȻԸ⡣
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ԼǣЩԣ֤Ǳ񣬾һӵܿɱȣһţλƺǺУʲôϢˣҵһλӵܣԴҲֻжŶѣǸĽʵӣضԽһɳľܽͣΪʲô֮ǰż֮䣬ͻȻˡ
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ĿĶͬС죬ˣҲû˳Цλʿһ˵ⷬ⣬ذͬ
Ƕɢ޳ĳһҵӵܣҪͶҴ壬ȻѡͶ
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ͨĹУһλǿһλǿƣһλ竲һλб壬һλġЩڿڹΪҲɾ޵
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±вɢпУͬʱԽᶨˣҪɢ޵ľġ
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ܹˣչʾԼıҲϺͻһһ£׼Ժ֮ʱѡ֮á
Щǰ˵ʿӡ󲻻ȴȫȥſͣ϶Ҫ̭һ֣һЩδܹǵĴҲضҪʧȥѾڣûѡϵʿͣһΣ˵Ǳ
ּˡֵǰļʿëԼ֮ۺɫЩӵص
ۺΣô㶼ϴҸ䣬Ϊרְʦ޵л߾磬ɾʦҲ˵Ц
ʵڵȺǰ֮ʱѾˣԴۺΣԸΪźһЩ
ɢ֮Уȱ˲ţֻȱ֧Դѣ֪жɢޣΪòص湦طֻߵòĵرĹƽӹµҲ޷ͷۺΣԵɺ֮ѧԼ˾磬ĵҩʿҪĶȷżǱˡ
ʱҲûָܳɳʲôزгˣٸһȴǲѵģΨһҪǵǣۺϵͶ룬ܹܲر
ҲʲôҸǧҳһλʦ׬ˣûҳǾۺǷ飬ض޷壡
㣬֮ʱ˽ĵ̳йʺʵԼӵܣܹɹ
ۺȻҲͨһ㣬û˿ԥݵڵصɷۺĳضЧԱ
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Ҽ沢֮ĪˣҲֵ֮£ܹº͵ֶλãѾʺˣҵҲԵһѧͶЧиǡ
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˽һС֣֮ȴǲţضʹı㡣òʿü
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ɥԳвˣҵ뿴СӾһʲôĸ㣬Ҳᱻ䵽ءʿ
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ҲΪʲôƽ޹̤ʯΪƷȴҳһڣ͵͵뿪
Ϊ֪ĵеʱҪͱͷͷֻ·һ
ʱ޷еɱĺԣᵱ˵ɱʵҪ֣еǻᣬ뾡뿪˵ء
ŭε̬ȣѾеĺһΣû֪ͨŭε𣬶һֲҪйУԼȴǶ
ŭͷ˳ǿˣº󲻽û˵鷳ԼŮȥҩܡͻȻһ£˵
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鿴ڽȼУʼŭεòԡ
ҴҵȻҪЩ˶༸ֿǣһҲҵġ

ͽǶˣƺҵƣòҲ뿪ɣ
йУŭεһƵż֮Уһ߶š
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˵뵽ʲôĵһ㣬Ȼ¸¹Ц⵹һ⣬һΪҼ޶Ҹżң信ܣӹµ󱲣ûһģڼݵģ趼ܣҲиˡ
飡
ŭεеӣصϣҲҪԣ֮У˲á
ͷ漴ȴǴŭ㵹ǰԵˣҺ۸ɣҪʲôܵ𣿡
ŭεûлشֻؿ
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ŭεۣڴ£ȻҲͬһ£ζԴ͵֮ʱʵѾɼһߣǰǺͻаͨģ»аΪͷ
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ǵͤߣԵλǧĵŮӣǰǻһɫгƵ档
һҪȥ죬ԸΪҷǣ˵
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΢΢һɵӹһĨҲĺΣʵʦ棬ҪȥȻ̽ܣ
ȻᵽòǶҪԼˡ
ΪŮӣʼնҪ޵ģѵͲϣԼܹҵһùޣ⣿߿˺ԥΪȻȥ̽ʵҲҪ˼㱻֣ҲΣգദʱ䳤ˣҲеǻǰ;ˣ㶼һ֮ˡ
ʵʵĵüߣҲƼǼ䣬׽ߴ˾٣ֻǽƵߣܷ̽ϢҲģ֮䣬Լδȷ
ߣ˶֮ദվã飬ȻѾһǿȴʵǸӲˣҲз飬߸֮ʵ㣬ǲȥııһҪǺΪҷˣĻƶ죬Ҳ൱ӵǿԮջӾ޴
뵽ҲɵԼı㣬ȻһЦˣҪԥˣҲΪáģԶħȻ񹦣ûй֮˫ޣضʧѵԸ޵Զ죬Ϊĳϲĳ檣תɲвŮĹһᣬһá
ȴ뵽˳μ֮ʱԼĲмһˣĿⶼûԼͣƬ̣ҲǰŭãǼװߣҲмһҵҪʹʮ㹦᲻ݵҵʯȹ¡
棬ȥӦ
ããƽʱų裬ؼʱ̣Ȼ汾ǡشЦ

һյľϸѡڴЩǰ˵ɢ֮Уҵʮɿһõ˲š
ǰ˵ɢޣҲʮѾ˵Ǻܴˡ
ЩУһΪۺΣеĲƷܹѪ̵ı죬Ѿڴ˵վϣֱӾΪƴ˵ҲȥĴ󵤵鷳
⣬ԭĳӵܵˣǣգףһλԲʿʼδܽҺвФ֮ͥ˥ǽʿر̫ϳϵ壬ӵܱһɢ޴ԺãҲӣΪˣֻ̤ɢһ㣬ĴͶЧǿߵĵ·
ˣڳĲͬٱɢ޶õѧ֪ʶҪһЩҾӪչ֮ٳּҵҲ˽⣬һʣ٣Ҳʤһ֮λߴΪͺıʿƽʱͻŪ£е伮ؼʱ̣ҲԶһĳ¡
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еǣЩ˵УȻһλķʦˣһƺۺƵ˲š
ͨʿȡ֮ãνͨ𣬾ڿʹõĴԼάĳɱЩǧķͽ׵Ǯô࣬ΪģٵͽʿҪõֿԴһͨս֮ʱҲʹ˴Ӻϵġ֮š
ʵ̵ԭһ޳ޣԶˣҲʲôϡ顣
̵ԼƣƷ֮ԭһ߽׷ʦżȻڻδΪεǰʩչ͵ѧȥѧ֮󣬷ԼҶȻϺòϣӴ˱һʰȵСɣƾ֮ͨʱѧı죬ȫȹ˻١
һ죬Ҳȷ˵ǰıˣɢޣΪõĹлޣרһ죬Ҳ»ڷԣҵģЩûһ֮ʿ
ϣۺǣź𣿡
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ڵĲԴЩճӵһ㣬ӵмҵֻǽһ;Ǵ棬׿ŵģֻ绹һ죬ıҲٲҵһݡ
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ҪǣͷӵеģҲУ౦ȻֵǮȴδеطһȥǡЩҲһʿܹõġ
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صģšŵصЩӣǱļ࣬Ϊ˻ָ潻ս֮ʱģԷ⡣
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Уһӱܳɲģвĸףĸ׵һ㣬ΪƽӹģܸΣԸ̳Уܳ
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Ҫֻ֪ͨʿҲˣӵзླΪҲһη˶ѣΪһִ֮ƵǿΪĴҵѪͳ֣ǰֻ΢Ķ
ֻһ龳ɢޣǿ԰ͽᣬԹֻһгʿҲԹά򣬶ֻһ³ʿƽȽύԹʦ֮λΨĺǿ޷ǵġ
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οʼߣչóףЩϸϵĶҪúģ˼ôwѳԼĴ
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Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬Щ޴СŮĴ棬ǰԼڰ֮ͬ£ǰӵֱͨʥȸǶȥȻŲƷһҹ֮䣬ϵʥ
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wĻʵһʮµӣձʵͬһΪص龳ʿȻΪҲƾҩ湦γģټĹȣҲܹС
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𡣡汻⸱˲ΰݵĳŪóһҲܿʶԼЩ˵ȷһĴˣҪ֪˼ҲŲģÿһһػ޸֮Ƽ
νȨڡӡԴڴˡ
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Щ壬ݵĲֻԼԼִһĺǿݡ
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ŶʶңЩ֡wʵ۵ӣ˵׻ô򵥡
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иҵ˲ţһ񣬸һĸڣһȥ
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飬ȴǽԼ˽ǳصĻϡ
ԭɽۿﺣҲһЩռΪɢ޾ͷǷǳĳУܹΪһ޴ۿڣóôǷǳ޴ġ
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ȵټСŮ֮ʱѾڳһѳԵģоַĲ˹ģݣ壬Ǻ«棬ˣ˿Ǵٹ˲õѣϱմɽͭŶһѡ
һߵƤӰϷһץŴǺ«ڸͷϣ˷ܵػεţŵԱߵʱʱԣԼƥԷ
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633 Ѳϸ
Ǿ㣬߷ʮҲɡСŮúһ˵磬⡣
СŮЦ磬á
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΢΢һЦʱ֪Ƿʲôʢһ࣬СŮ΢ΣʣҲЩˡ
Ȼɷ羰СŮЩֻͷȻԡ
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ңֻѾ˴ŴᣬԵĻȰ˵Ҫȥ
ţҲ磬෨ŵһ֧˵СŮݵŮޣȷ˳ϯһʢᣬһҪǱʲôӵ˵٣ţֻ߳ʲô棬ǾҪˡ
ͯѵ˸ӣȻտüΪСģҲȫޱҪ
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ǰӣСŮΪҳߣȻҲŭεĬشڣһʹӣܵͽȴǼɱġ
⻹ŭε̵ķΧҪСŮȥһˣʲôɻ߱ɷڻ׼ɱǲɡ
̫ͯˣȥǺúտ¶Ҫİ׽ӽǣˣԻͲٸȤûֻ˵
Щ޴Աû¸ɣֻСṴ̊ѣôΣա
ͯصؿ˼̾Ҳֻˡ

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๫Ǽ޵Ϣڴ˴ʧģòü׷ȥһϵʵ
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ֱһ죬ǼǰǺԵޣ׵ʧˣæ׷飬
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ңҲδŮˣȻҪΪһвء
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УҴҪʲô飬Ҳֱʿķʽ
ӦôǣĿЩʿ
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С㣬Сġٴζһ䡣


634 Ⱥ
࿪ʼʿҶѰ
ܿ죬µķ֡
кЩԼŵɶĵӣͨ߷ˮ֮ˣǸݶеķֲһ֮
ۡȷƺˮԪҪӳһЩִʲôѵа
Ҳһʱ䣬ĸоȫͬ
С֪ȥضѾɣģ˴пĸ֮ء
ĸ󣿡
ĸĺģһƬ󣬲￴ʹϽɵĹӣôĸ󣬱ĸҲάϵ֮ڡ
ӵĸδγ񣬱ľ֮࣬󣬲ܽûĸȴضû޸֮ľҲܴڿ
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岻Զ֮紫ʹʿǱضܹ̽ξһڣϣܹЩ֮в̽鱨Ҳ֤ʵһ
ңһˣа׶͹ͬ൱Դʿ
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ĸ󡭡Ȼһĸ󣿡
ô˵Щޣ̾˴뿪ֱʦܳϲųߣΪĿ
ˣôһ͵ͨˡȻֻһƬ½һͿÿҲ㹻ǧö񣬶ƺӲɷǿǧöջҲһʾ޴ĲƸˡ
УǸҪԴϾԶżзֵԶŵģֻ߹ؼЩֵǲģҲȫԡ
ȴʿԡļһ
ʿҪͷ¶ңɣضҲԼȡеԼԪΪһԣӵһҪºһö񣬶ʧԪ߳߾֮ʱҪ࣬Դﵽϡ
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ЩΪʿԺһЩһѹʹ֮⣬ҲȱҪ֪ԽǸ߽׵ʿųҲԽ󣬸±ףޣƵҩһ񣬶пܲããǱضǼΪġ
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ЩʿҪ򵥶ˣֻҪſͣռ̣ȻܹػԼĲҵˣӵ˸ĲҵǲԴȥλſ͵ģģϹźͼģʣĶԼġ
֮ķ͸ԣ֮䣬Ľ֮⣬ҲЩƸǲһĻв٣Ǻ塢֮ʱǿӶģְҵСɽͷҪָھӣȫûпܡ
һ죬ҲƵֶӶС
ֲôУЩƸġ
еָĸ룬ת룺ЩޣЩˮ׶ߣײ󣬻Ҫˡ
ȻǷǳϤĿɣҲ֪½ϵĴһ㶼ܱʿ֣ССͣȴûôˣٶҪ¡ѰѨ߷ˮȷϣʱ˵һջ񣬶ˮˮиָԼˮݡ֮ˮԪ֮Ӱ죬Ǳڵǲױ֣οڵصף仯ܹڲʿĶߣ
⣬ܷ֡
ֻûʧĸоҲ֪Լǿ˻׬ˡ
׶͹ͬٻҵԼͷ
Ǻ岻ԶָղڸĲ峤פһ֮󣬱ϵˡ
ʱѾʿѶ̽Ѱһ飬һߣһ˸ߵֱͨͨصף·һ
صײкˮŢɰҶеǣ˲òʱڶߵһǰӪկȻЩоʿǰ鿴
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ҵԱѾһʮʱˣϸʮꡭ׶Щ˼˵
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ͽС㣬СϺס
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ŭεѾʱ˴Ժ취ռˣȴǲǷֵܡ
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ԣǺһЦν㲻ˣС㣬֪Ǻۺôϲûô⣬ǽٶǺΪŭεΪϹȴû뵽Ūɳ׾ҿ˳ҪŭεƤˡ
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λŪɳ׾ĲƸ͵УҲּڴˡ
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ԭĿҲǴķֲһ㣬ӵŶ֧ɣһЩ׳ɳĿ磬ԿҲѾģֱ￪ɱɡ
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һ꿪һճɣǿǾӨ͸ͬʱ󿪲ɣǵǼǧ񰡣
ȴʱԭϲ侲ڻǿɵʱˣȥ֪˶Ҫڣʱ͸¶ȥӴ֮ÿѮǲ˵ֵ˽̽Щ飬ΨִȥҪ鷳һжʦܻ˵
֪ԼʵѹķɢޣֽĴֻ֣е֮󣬶ȷĴƣȷðǡ
οǴ񶼻ԶԶûдﵽ̩񰲵ĵزֵļʦ󹤣趨ʹߣ
ô˵ȻЩʧϾֵεŲҲûзԣҰ׶֪Ҳ˵ĲûдھͿ󣬼ûڵ鷳ԣЩġ
֮˳˵أȻȫھпܴڵϸԼ취ѶѾʮ֮˵ˡ


635 wʵ۵
޻СŮڴwĵؽɽˮһɡ
ɵͬʱҲȫ޾裬ÿһʱ䣬ڰעЩ޵Ķ򣬰ǵӣһһ
Щ֮Уֵǲ٣¶û춯ֱǷ
ʱ䣬ȷżֲ⡣
¶Ҫôĸ֣ڣûбҪ¶΢˽ãû֪ݣǰԹ޴˵𣬶ֻΪ̰棬ĺһЩѣԣ˵ǹɰֵģʲô鷳
ߣΪܵ谮ҲԻررͬһɢ޵÷ǼԿһͬȲΪ鱦鱦Ǵڻ˯ѣȵȾҲлᷢͨܵ顣
ˣЩ޻ٴУػȻĿɼΣδҲЩСˡ
֮⣬Щ޵ľٶйоأҲûκο֮£ƺûеʹֻСŮһ㡣
ۣ磬㿴Ư
СŮ½ϵķ羰ţ˼ҲɵôıƵİ֮лתԶߴɵٲ
˿ڻɽҰ֮н£ٲˮڿӳһʺ磬߲ʰ쵣·ݡ
ȣ֣ϡԿԳ¹ɽ֮䣬գ񷵳һ͵ͼ
ЩȫСŮûмľۣУȻٵطҲ½֮ѵһ澰Ҳ羰ྶͥ
СŮЦ绨Ȼ֪һ·ϵ¡
΢΢̾һбȴƳһԶٷ׷޼Ԧı
ԭΪޣܿԷֱѰԼ
ᣬôˡ
׷˵ģȻʿᡣ
ٳ֮ǰ࣬ûдһͬУʱǰѰԼЩ졣
ˣǷС֮ǰѶġϰƾաī㣬īλˣڽȺ裬ϲǧСĸŮƽ£ϤϣΪأ˵
΢䣺ˡ
ӵڷͣһ꣬ŮǸʱģǰٷأ뿪һ䣬ǵ֮ʣΪ¶ŮˡֻҲû뵽Ůȫǧûһж
⵹ҲãŮ࣬ҲûָԼŮȫܹɲģܹѧһЩ죬ִһӹűС
Сż˹ĿһͲ
״ȴһɫؽ˹
ϣ˵ģȴʲôϰŮŮ飬˷ĸԼ춯ѶΪ֪һˣһֻܷҪ֮˲̱ὫϢ١
ЩޣȻں﷢ĸ󣿡Ǿһ£ȴʼĩ
ԭпΪСĺ۴ʥ֣Եɺ֮£ڴ˴ˮؿǣ𽥴ҵ˽ʶŭεױĽ֮·ɴ˲ŵǿ֮У֮λŭεǲʹǰͳޡ
ֻǿϧ۴ʥ²ܣûг̾󣬴Ƶ˵ش˵֮Ĳãǰ￪ٸȻ󱻸ϳǺ
Ǻ½ˮ޵Χ֮ڣŭεҪĸ͵ԵоĲƸݣԴ˵ҲĶǲ˶޹з˿Ժ취ռǺ͵͵ؿɡ
ĸ󣬾Ȼһ󣬸˵ǧ֮صĸСһ󰡡
ɵðһЦǾϲĸо
ҲѹŭεԴ˺ԣҲ˵һݺӵıأǸУԽҪġ˭ҵĲƸһջۿɶģ
ʣԼƸȨŭεôһ󱦲أҲҪֶεؿɵģ²㲻͵оǼʼˡ
Ϲ֮ʱɽõ黹ö֮Լ֮ģ˵һŵвƲҲȷݺӡ
ᣬȥһˣ˵֪ˡջ˼һǵĴϣȻԷĿŵؿҲòˣһ֮⣬ûʲôɽġ
ǡˣһȥˡ˵
šȥɡͷ
뿪ۣ߶ȥϲɸֳһ˿΢΢Ц⣺ʦ˼ǵһȥ֮㣬ڴ֮ǰϢ⵹ҲãѰһЩԿЩĿ󹤣ʹԿˡ
ݴܹ֮ôһ󣬲ò˵˯˱ͷõ˼㡣
ֹգһα˴wʥǡ
wʵ۵֪طʥæʦϣѾˣһбʦԣ˸оļ֮⣬ɹͺ޽ң¥ңһǧˣԹó֮á
Ŷʵ۱µǿֻǲ֪ɻʲôֵ
wʵۣ֮ǰֵúԥ᲻Щ¹һ֮󣬱ıˣǵƷͣ
Ȼwʵ¶һ˿֮ɫЦʦ棬ʲô˵˵һҲֻǴйع壬һʱ֮䣬֪οڡ
ºαضǣһ鷽ʿףκι£֮˵ֺηЦ
⵹ҲǡwʵεЦЦ˵ǲ˵𡣡
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˳һ壬ӰŮӣʱΨһĶӣҪ˵ǲӣƸ
״ϻۣ˼ѧᣬʦӴѧι֮Ȼڱ˵Ŀ֮£죬Ϥ֪¡
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ʵԴܵ⣬Ѷ֮ƷѾǰ׷ʴˣȻؾΪȴǷʣӲǿҩȥƿسоƵģʮȻһֱӲʣҲѱٹʮأҪɢֹͣŮϼѡ
ʦ֮£ʦǰﺣҰѰһ
˵wʵ΢ɫֹ࣬סطɼѾãѳΪһĲˡ
ȴǴ棺Ůɢޣwʵۣ㲻ż齲һԾౡ֮
ʱףԼûв´λwʵۣһΪ֮ҪԼȥ죬ǾǰﺣﺣѰˣλ˹ƻҳߵĴw̫Ѱһ
Ȼ棬ǧ磬治Уһλҳߣʲôɽ˵飬Ҫ˵䣬磬Ҳټ
֪ǸƻӵŮǺںδΪĿǺڣ
ŮҲֻ֪֪ǳﺣɽ뺶Ҵwļͽɢ޵ӣǸɽһʲôĵطҲ鳯ʹҴwʿһ֪пܣֻһ
˵wʵҲɵЩա
ԣʵŶ˵Ҳϣ˵ϣҲϣҪʿ̬ǺηʿƿصĵֻҪ뺣ͨˣЩʿȥȴǲܣҲԼܵù
ǰһ죬ħʿֻͼıɢޣΪŻ׷顣ʱЩʿǼǹĶ뺣Ϊǳ׷ٷأѰҳwʵ̾
һʵˣǹɵŮѰã˵w֮ʱǼᣬж뺡
wʵԣԽյҲ˼⣬ͨȨƣһ˼ʹƹܵļ¼
ʦҲ֪Ϊµʿһǲη·֮ǰҲû˹עȵǼ¼ʱҳʹ޷ѰŮˣһڴwﺣҲԲûϢûҪããѰˣֱ찡
⵹ˣշҹѷ˵һӦԣԼ˶Σԣɵðͷֻǹ˼wʵ۵ӣûаһ˵
ʱﺣƿصĵ򣬵ȴ֮⣬δ֮⣬˵ǸƫԼƹܵԪ½һˡ
ﺣ֮Уɽ鲼ຣ壬ɢޣ͵͵ǱĸʿЩʿҲҪӵ棬ʺܣԲw½
˵ﻹһҵĵشûпֵƧҲûжȤֻż˹ȥ̽ʲôֵ£ʿֻߣʲôĵر
Ҫֵ֪طνġֻһЩռɽΪĲͷѣûҲ⣬Ҳû˿ͶЧɢޣۼһҳ棬һŴеͷƵķǰַ˶µܣطǣʵ᲻Լռݵġ츣ءҲԸһЩ׳Ƴ
˵йŵƷһɢޣȴϣԷžǴϲҹ齵ȴԭǡɢޣΪ£ϵСԴʵѷʮ꣬벻ΪˣɢͶȻˣƷλٺ»ǵ
µĽƷһʱͷԷȣǡֲշռĺճ;·ޣ³ʿԷšͽŷŵһɢֱӽˣӴ֮λŷҲһɹĵ̣ÿ¡
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⻹Ҫŷ֮ʱ¶նɱͷ̾ڸ޺ޣȷʵ˲ٴġĻһ뿪գֻᱻȥһҲ̵


636 
ʱ֮λҲֻǴ֮׬ѣڵƻġѱѰͷɱйߣٰˡ
Ǵ족ҲΪһЩɢ죬ʱʱ͵ϮӣۿҪʧȥάϹ
ʵҲ֮£λƷ´δ˴еطɨĻЩɢ޴ɢ־ɱģʤţͶʹͶڱĵط׬ʮֹ
Ϊˣ½ķԴжۣԱ֮ɽˮ
ɴҲ֪ﺣֵطһڡ
Ǹֵĵط
wʵ۵ıԹ֮ҲΪβǲʿǰﺣѰӡ
ֵطȷֻʺһЩͷ档
֪wʵȻΪӵܣҲȷʵʲôλȨصĴ³˷˱Ҳֻʦһ̫࣬ϳ֮ҲƷִƣΪѰ̫С¶õģwʵΨжԼĹϵѰұ㹻֮˰æϣ
Ѱҵѡ
wʵ۽飬ʦ֪¿ɷ񡭡
ʵжƣˬ飬ҴӦˣҲֻܸ㱣֤һᾡȥѰܷѰãȴҡ
wʵԴϲҲңʦϴӦ£̧ٱˣҪʦֻȥѰɣܷѰãҲֻˣ¶Թ
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ȴп֪ҪΪwʣóŲԸֺãȥЩﺣ֮еĻҰɢޣҲЩɢޣʵ档
Ȳ̸ɵߵ˵һ˵ҿпʲôûſڣҲֻԼһȻͷϸˡ
˵ãֵȥϣǰϾͨռܹ֮һ
ƸҵĹ֮󣬴wʵݣʵƷѾʶΣǲʿǰѰѣҲֻ֮ܲЩķķĲҪıҵϵһҵûа취Աҳʦʦ֡
Ȼʵ۱²صġο˼Ȼֵ²˳٣Ҿǰﺣ׷
лʦлʦwʵָм
ʵ̫ʧһ£ɴɴ˵Ǵwʧ˻λУСȴֻλwʵһ̶֧ѣwĻ֮Уеӵܵλû̫á
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wʵôwֺôԼȡѰ̫һ£Ҳ˵Ȩı˽ˣҪ֪wһңһ˵˽Ʒϵһ㡣
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ҳ֮⣬ûƸ̫һ£ҲҪǰﺣһˣͨؽڵġ
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һҪǽ̴ͨЩɢ޵죬ӣʧЩСӰ彫ķչ´
ĥţжʩ֮ߣнﺣһ
뿪wʹΪСŮŵլԺ
ʥһضεĺլԭΪһУʿǰһиȨϣͱݽдˡ
磬ҪǰﺣСŮĻЩȡ
Ҫﺣһˣ¶ʥһúôţҪܣ֪𣿡䶣
ǰǰСŮͬʱҲסЩޣǸڲְ࣬š
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wʵ۾ΪԼֻҪþȥѰˣ˵ͷŵǻС
ʱ֪Լͷ飬Դwʵ۶ԣҲ൱Ծٹ֮һѰԼ̫ӵĿܡ
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⼸գһɽˮģˣһȻ¾ȤҲܺȱЩʲô
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¶ԣθҪǵɽˮġȰ㲻һֱڷ˹棬½ϷлᣬúһԺɲһĻˡ˵
СŮʱԥ
һֿ̫ãһ棬ȴԼһֱԸߣôЩȡᡣ
⶯вɰһЦʵСѾͷԣҪ죬ֺγȰ˵ƭžˡ
СŮڴwЩޣʹ֮ܵжˣ㼫wĸʤͷȥ˵ֱСŮ˼󶯣ԽЩÿĶ
һȰסСŮͬʥԼһˣϾҲãֻҪģеǸ۵ʱ̡
СŮ֪ζҲֻ֣ûηԡ
˺뿪ʥŴwʵļ䣬ɽС
ʦ̫ҲǴӴ˴ģҴwǰﺣĴֻʿķз඼ɴ뿪
ŶΪΣ
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Ϊɽ۵أϣΨһһ˳˳ˮĸۿڳУҪǰиʣ˵ط
ȻʿǳһҪЩʿУֻ߼Ԧͽ׷зģ;ҲҪһЩͣЪŵĻĵ߿Բʳ泡
ԭˣҴӶ԰Ķ龳Ϸۣûͣͷ
׷͹ЧǲͬЩԣޣ֮ʱԿɼԦۣﺣ⴦Ƨڴ˵ģ඼С³ʿһϳʿ㼸۰һĴˡ
³ʿУȷûи߽ʿô㣬ַʿһ㣬һɴ²ЪϢ
ǿ;̽һ̫ӵ䣬̫ӳߣѾȥ֮ãܶ¶ˡ֮УΪ׵һ٣˶
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ΪˣҲԽᶨҪӭ̫ӵ˼ʿֻһ׵ʦһٻƽǰ̣ȫϵ̫ϡ
޷Ȼˣǡ̫ӲѰ˵ȣŮƻҲ仧ʵǿʿҴ̽Ҫ򡣡˵
ţʦԼãЩ⣬һ£ʵ
У磬Ԥı̫ڿ⣬ضͼıͼı̫ӵݣмֿܡ
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Ҳл켣֮꣬ȻҲ֪ŸλӵʵܹͬӵеѡҲͬ
ÿһӵܣÿһʿеɱڵģңôҲȻǿѪֶնɱԼֵˣնɱˣҲɣʿΪ⵽ļ޶
ʵֻ漰λ֮ûжֶΣͬΪ壬ԽǿߣҲԽݣ˿˭λνǴһ֦ɢҶġ
ԣҽɱ̫ӣֻȡѡ
ôں⾭ӪضС޷ɹڿ̫ӣ޷̫ӡ
ЩҰļġɻһ
˵ܣвɵ¶һ˿ɫ
ʵ֮ʱ֪ľĺڣҲȥɢ޵˼ʱѡôһ·ܹƾ춦絫ȴ϶޷ӵ棬޷ӵ䣬ܾͷ壬ƴȨˡ
ҲǳΪһ˹ȵĹʦԻȹӣֻߣԶߺ⣬ռɽΪҲһġ
ԼˣһЩļ⡣
̫ǶųңΪɣʵ
΢΢һ漴ʦ߼ˡ
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wʵۣԼĻʵۣŲΪģǵıʣЩʿԶǿʿΪȴֻзαʿѣҪսǿ龳磬Ҳûʲôɿġ
ǵĸսʵڲֵһᣬΨЩʿֻԼ޳ؾʿӵĳ
а˰٣޴ջ󣬲˭ֵܵסģˣҲԽΪʲôԶںЩɢޡ
ΪƷδػϲЩӵܺ˼룬ңȴңڵԶ͸룬ҲʹƷԻҶԶĪ⣬Ѱѵ
źͷˣϾͬһ磬Щɢޣڳ˵ֲ̬˼뷲Ϲˡ
ʵԣҲÿһؽ飬ŮŮַܳڣֱ۸ˣûꣿ
ˣɷһз𣬷֧ǣֻҪܺõϵкǱţ㹻ˡ
ʣԼҲֻǶԳӳŮһЩŮﱲܳɰǧҪȫģ
ȫǲܵġ
Ʒ岻̫ӵЩ˽£ˣ̫ЩɢޡȻ̫ߵˣ֪ţлһͣŻȻ
ԭΪѰ̫ӺͷȴǿֱȥЩȽͻĴˡ


637 
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ȻѾǸ߽ʿӸλΪһ֮ǰҲû˿ļӣԵƽ׽ˡ
ЩĿȷѰãңûջҲ跨ǵֺ͹ϵѰﺣȻǴһƬҲʮֳԵÿǰæʡȥǲٵ
ʦӢ̾һ֮£ԭͷҲֻҪ˵ͨЩɢˡ
ͣͣںϷһգڣΪɽ۵һͺϡ
ڴwˣ⴦ĵˣwȨҲΪw֪֮
ҲȨȻ֪һλ˵Ĵڣ⴦طʼѰ
Ҳͬˣ֪ȴһ⡣
ѰҴw̫һ£ģóĳͨЩϴ
˽ٺϵһɽͷ֮󣬵ʿܿ㷢ˣиϳʿĵԸӭ
ˣһλɷǣдʦ緶ӣȨ̸ۡ۵Ҳ֪˿װĵɽҰɢһ㣬ͷɢ²壬ҰƵġ
ϵǰˣ¶һ˿ɣܿչնЦλѣɽҰ֮ˡ֪ǺηʥٱֵʧԶӭ֡
Ѳؿżɽ˵
Ŷ˲ɶݡ
wȨǴ򽻵϶࣬Ȼף֮λʲôӵܶܵģᣬѾһλس͡
ôʱý֪̽λǶ԰Ԫ½ϵ
죬ɫʼù
ԭΪֻǺһ㣬Էķֻһ£ķȴû뵽Ȼ壬ִһĺǿ
ʧʧ񣬱̫ʧˣ֡˻æҾ
ӵѵеĳƺǱ任ü졣
ʵβҪ룬ɷ뽣и㡣ˣȴ΢΢һЦʶ࣬ǿʡȥԼٹˡ
вǲɽҰ֮Եﲻ˵ĵط뵽Ҷһ˵˵
Ȼ롣
롣
ǺǣҾͲˡ
һ֮󣬽ǰӭԼĶ֮УдţͬʱҪи
飬һͨУػóһѰҴw̫֮¡
ʵĻҰԣƽʿֿԣοóػ಻ʿ裬ˣһʿǲԸЩ¶˵ģûǴҲЩ⡣
֮УסһЩĵޣδεĺޣǲ֪ܺΪ֪֮ʲôʱŷϮֻӻδ׽½̻࣬ԣϵζ
ԼӶ;ػɱ̫ߣʵЩ벻Щ;ĵЭ飬̴֮ʱ跽㣬;һ£ͨΣյĵطֻҪһЩԵĴۣԱ֤ˡ
¼иɽҰ֮Ե
˵֪⣬֪ȻҪڶ԰Ԫ½ٸȣﻹвӵģһڴӦˡ
ѰҴw̫һ£ǲ¼ǰﺣѰһǡ
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ʹӦ֮󣬽ɷǵ֮Уӹһ˿
ʱӶ棬߳һڵİСӵذݼһ½ˣֶǰױʮֿĽţֻһ죬ţǱǰŸˣǰΪͽ
˶̴£ӲʶҴʲôҹȥվƿڱǴ
ǰС¶˾̵ɫվʴӡ
ѣλǡؿǰСһۣʵ
ЦˣȮԶɽҰ֮޼ҽ̣ʶʶһϻ̳ϿֵӣæǸ
ԣЦѺαҵǾãӴǸѵõĺӣȻҲţβ£ΪһӣûпĻӦѾӵкرԪΪɣܹ죬Ҳɾʹ˽Ϊŵӡ
λῴ˸ԼǰôһΪܹԶ԰ţΪŵӣԵõĻп˶ŵĳϣɾһҵ
ɱŸµڶˣҰ֮أûʲôزΧھƻн˻һʱȴѱҲͬؾֻҪΪףݻҵҲͬʧȥ
˴ú⣬ᣬøԼԱ갲ǡ
лʦ𣡡Ļǽ˵ĶӣСԶϲ˵űҪ¹򣬴ΰݡ
üæֳһͶסæĹӣֻǴӦΪӶѣӣҲţŵ֮ʦ𡣡
ԶʱЩɵˡԭΪѾӦԼ룬ȻֻһӶѡ
ǺǣѣĹӣǴŻɣйأδгϾĵӣðʦżҲûȷʦУͳһָɽ̵ģⲻҲͽʵڲΥ͵
ƺҲţôΪ˷ֹʿֻ֪ʦ֪ţң߽ʿ඼ңڣǹԽ̵ͽ׵ӣҲֻʤ̭漴Ц
ʵֻǲĵĹأǰҪǿǱ϶ܹɲĵʿһǻ΢ĩ֮ʱյ£״ԶΪͽȴûп׼Ǳ鷳ˡ
ܸһΪŵӵĻᣬҲǽŵ̹;ˣܹؾı϶һŵӵݣڣ̵һ˼ʹĲʹɢ֮УҲǼΪĴڡ
ͨһ㣬˽еźҲȥתϲֵȮǲ£鷳ˡ
ˣԶһ£ȴûзԣȻҲĬϣڣɴԼָʹԶֵġ
ûеơ⽣ʶ࣬һŵĻᣬҲͶұοԶȻᣬȴرԪҲЩ츳ģΥŵĹ
ڶ죬ȵ뿪죬̤Ѱﺣɢ֮·ʱ쵺ǰֱͣǳȥʧջĿ⡣
ʦΪСʦܰλ£һʿЩɻʵ
ʿɽǽյĵӣҲϽеλ֮һΪֻܵͣضѣ֮УҲŵӵķݡ
ԽԼúý̵ӣȴҪöԶ֮⣬µΪȷżֲ⣺ﺣҲ֮һСʦܸΨһĵӣΪϧɽˮԶȥʦѧգĻҵǸô
ɽɽңɢޣ֪ŵԶܹΪŵĵӣǼ̳ҵĻҵı·һ򰾴뱲ӵɢǿˣһʱƯ֮ʲô
šʲôƨţԷĶѡ
λԼεĵӵĻЩƣҡҡͷԿЦ
ԼĶӰ壬ȻԼĴ㡣
Ϊ˲ѡҪѡλ
˲˽˽񣬺òײŴϢ
ң桭治򵥰û뵽˾ôͱˡ
Ҫ֪񣬶гʿԣҲǽһٺ»ҲһλϾ֣г˵Ķѣûô̽ϢɼϢǺεȵҪ
ҲǸоЩ񻨵ֵ˵׬ˣոյ֪Ϣ
Զܹ£Ҳһõȥɽ⺢ӣĵģ츳Ҳֻϧչ鲻ҵĹ⣬ŵĻᣬҲֻøԶˡ
뵽˲ɵЩǸΣڵΪʦΰţѵôպԶԶѧ㲻ܽĻҵˣ֮λ˰ɣӽ쿪ʼǱٵ
ʦ⡭ʹãɽһֵ̿
ɴûСʦܵλá
ڴʱɽ֮λȷʵ൱֮أȴ֪ʦֻһп޵ļ߰ˣĸܹʦͬʱнϳˣŹĻᣬ˵ãϱҵȥΡ
ҲĴѰ̽أĴɢޣ棬ȻҲɢ޵һҹԴΪﵱͷˣˣֻĵ̾һˣѾݵᣬǻȥɡ

һ··ʿ̾ĺͣݷã˳ҲЪϢʮʱ䣬ﺣ
Ӵ˵һֱԪ½ҹ־¼͡ͼûмˣҲ֪зֲкηʿӦ޾Ӷ࣬Щδĺޣǿ޷򽻵
ԴЩǣ˵
һֱޣ½ϹĿ֮Уǿᣬصӡ࣬޽ĳޣغ洫ĹУš񡱵ĳƺ
񣬶ǼѧԨԴĲѧ֮ʿȻҲ֪ûν绽ĺ񣬵ޣֻǺ쾳磬һԪ֮棬ҪԽٽʿﵽϵģӾ޴Ϳˡ
ǰĪ⣬ʿҲԿ̽便ֻܴ˵ֻƬʿļ֪֮һ
ϵ߹Լģں̫޵Ϣɵ˵ͷ
ûа취򽻵ֻ;ȡʲô취ˡ
ʵһֻͨҪģҲ֡
ʿ壬壬壬ܹһңҲôһ˵ЩδĺоޣƽǱ֪٣ż𸡵ˮ˷ˣʿ޷ֹݻٴֻ
ͷ۵Ĵڡ
˵ҲһЩʿ½Ϲҹݣ򵥵ҹһ壬ҪУȺ䣬Ӧа취޴޵ģ跨ݷһ£ʲôջ񡣡


638 ۰壨ϣ
˼·һֱǾһ鷳ĸԴͽ֮ЩﺣϣֻҪץסؼʲôҲӭж⡣
δĺޣ޷򽻵ԼϤܺ򽻵Ϥģ֮£Щҹһ壬гޣԼԳԴ򽻵ˡ
ʱһƬտĺϣէϸӿͷ紵û¶״
ܳųˮԪ֮ЩǴӺɢˮеʿʶ˴˳֮һ㣬żҲʿʮ̽
ȴ춦еĶӿһ£ΪܵȺϢǴȥ
ʱĺϦɽշ·һƬȼյȼͣ͸ƲͶ·ϼ֮£տĴƺҲȾһ˿ȻƵɫ·Ų

Ÿ˵Զ˵ǰһֲһСɽĵ죬ϣӸ߶ȥԼ첢һĻĵٽ̲һұ֮£Ȼʯ·һ˳֮£һһһéݣۼȺ
é⣬һ̲ͨʯӲݴУϡɼ·ĵϣɢһЩ߻ߵļ̣һЩ޻ߴʬףƺƹδֻԶԶһȳζ˱Ƕ
ʶĲݹ죬Լ۾ӵ˲²⵽һδȫȴѾЩܵ޲䣬пܣǺеһ塣
δȫΣҲȷʵ֫ɵ飬ˮеһ壬Լ
Ȼ˽ӽʱԶԶ㿴һЩֳìľսʿӺ˳һңգһ߻еʾ״
Щ΢飬ЩԾԥҪҪȥȴıҪ£ЩֻһЩͨ޶ѣȥɡ
ҲͨޣȻδǣԵľ磬һҲ⣬ˣֻΪ֮󣬻ǽ
ۣ
ͣ

ڶ޴ɵһ׷ȥ
Щ㣬ֻͨС³˵ΪҲ൱ʦɽһѪʶԣûг֮
ѱȴ඼ǺϳϣԲ磬һ˫צټ;޴չɣһצҲԽЩԴưֱץˣеݣٴžη֮⡣
Ҳ㶼η⼸ͷЩ֮УǴһЩԲĸ֣ƺǲеʿ
˱ŵܣʿʱŭƵĳìߴ󵶣ӭ
޴
Щδ壬˵㶯ҲǽͷۣУЩͺǺеЩħ࣬Ҳûнǵǻֿ
ת֮䣬ҵһشɺѪʸᴩЩʿʿԲʹغʹɢӿ
ûܳʮܵĴ𣬱ǡ
δЩ̫˰ɡЩӦСʵ
ԸЩδޣÿĻҪΪˡȻһЦ
˵ļ⣬£ʿͬˣҲûĶֻͣǶԼɫͬõĶԱλصģȻһǰԻỤȫ
ô˵ҲֻԣЩɻҽ
ʲôˣڴɱ񣡡Щʿȥ֮󣬴ЩéУһɳƵķŭ
㲿ˡ˵
䣡
һ죬ľ㵹éݵһֻͨ죬·н۵޴˳һֻؾ֫Ѿֳһ̬վ룬Ⱥ
Ϊ㲿죬ڸոջɱʿû˿η壬ֲ棬һԾ
Сġ˽ŵص
ȴߣֳһ׵Ĺâ·ɴ֣
ĸֲոմ׵Ĺâں¯֮жһ㣬죬Ȼһ̯Һڵء
Ȼȡұ֮ıУͨķȻһЦҲûж֣һ׽˳ڿУ޷
󾪣æ߶ԪֿһɽԼȴо˿˿תУÿһԪ룬ɢӰ١
ˣҪٷˣĻݹ飬ɱһ˵
࡭ɡűԲΪõʲôıƵֶΣҪ±ȹ
üͻȻ׾һգһ׵ֻȫһԾһսĿζ˳
Ȼ֮Ĩɱ꣬ȫɱˡ
ΪһֱûͣͲǰǲϽţȻޣܹ߶ķҲûЩһ˼ľ磬ƿعȴԽԽǰֱӽɱʬ޴棬Ҳȫʬȴ
ôɱˡ˿ɵôһ
кβɣʵ
⡭⡭ǲҪѯʸ𣿡εص
޷ʶ̧٣ֱɱ£ĻǣҲʲʲôģҲˡĿѲ߮ܣͻȻԶһұҳѾˡ
䣬һֻΧ񲼣ؤ㣬Ӿұ˳ͨһԶԶرڵġ
ƺӵĸߵǣӸղɢȴھұǱȻһʼ㱧ȫ˼ЩɢؽΪĿ꣬Ϊܹ˲׷ܵ㣬Ȼһһɱ
ȴ㣬㣬пӵùȥ
֮ԻǱ֣ѡ󣬶ΪԶԶԽܴķΧֱӾͱʶˡ
㣬һסƬ򣬿֪ʲôԳƵ۾ͳЦһʵ
һ￴Ϊ飬ٻǿһЩǣҪǻۣɴҲ֪ǣɸԵԻ߾ΪֻһӰأȫ
ԳƵ۾ĸָ֣ǰ𣿡η
壬ǵ۾ֶɫ΢䡣
Ǹ־ͽ塭ͷսսһۣҲ֮Уʵһĸ֣ҹ棬¥ϺҲʶΪ
ߣԭˡǰ¼˵һ°ɣҵҪƬʲôưԵĸȻҲԷ۾˵
ķһ㣬۾Ҳ˭ҷģǵλ൱ڵ뢵ʥ⣬׼ΪͳֻͳһСֻߣĳɽĳȣԲʮشҲܹݣܹ෴ﺣɽˮԷĲͷ˴֮˭Ҳ˭˭Էң໥һжƾʵ
ΪĴȻǿƾǿΪƷǿǷԼΪ۾һݣط൱ϣʿûһϵġ
˵ν۾ȥμŭεٰױᣬһĽҲסйֻΪһͨĻδԴ
֮УҲûʶΪκεȤ
ʴˣֵ۾ĵʵǲмһ˵ģΪĻµϣˣһԲĶʿԲʿԽֻܹĵ۾ܴܲﵽһľ磿
㲻Υһһʮǰ۾¼˳
֮ɫȴЩŹ֣ⰽ壬ȻԳŭε֮ӣ
ôˣ˼Ǿ߻˶ղɵֵʵ
ûʲô޸ֵˣȻŭεã
˲֪ŭεǺηʥŵŵóȻ廰ȴЦҲûʲôٹҲۣŭεϥ£ҲŮģ˵ֲСۡ
ǼٵģԴŭεεʰġҲͬʰ
ʵ֮󣬵һӦŭε֮ӣ˴͵ռʱ˲ϵﺣΪڶӦǼһýŭε֮ҡײƭͳԡ
ǿһŭεţǴĵײŴҲԴ㡣ȴ뵽Ȼڴ˳ƵۣǱĿŵռҵﺣ׮˾ǵʥǰҲռ
ǣѾˮݣʱսĳ̶ȡ
ھȥ𣿡ԥһ£ٴʵ
һ죬Ҳˡ㣬ȥһȻǵιˮιʳĻͰιˡһ漴ȴִ춦ͳһװһֵö񾫣úãЩ񣬱ˡ
һ£תܡ
ܣǸæհ죬ټȥѰҵˮȥˡ
Ҫ֪ﺣֵطɽˮҵʲôֵ޴󣬸ĵرѷܹһ׬ǵǶô޴һʲƸ
˴뱲ӣûмô׬ǮĲʹ
ǼǮۿ˿
δҲֵ̫̰һЩת֮㽫ɱҴĳЧͣǰࡣ
ʲôδû֮˵ҲνԼĵ׼ǣûбҪ˵
ŵŵǡ
Сͣһգڼ䣬ϸ˰۾ڣԼ޵ķֲŵ֪һشﺣģռԼһɵĺҲ˷ͨУͨıؾ֮ء
ʵʱҲȷﺣΪݺľſ麣ԼҪٴwĺ˼ģҲǶ麣ѣдw뽣˵һɢչˣټǰЩѾһݷãⲻһߣԼĴڣǲʿܺҲΪ㣬ԣҲġ
ؼ⴦
ԭģ⴦ɢ£иֺ޺УܹܣȻ޸ڴ˳Ƶۣȴ
޸ԼӣӹܹС£Ƕмô֮£һǽǸ򵥶ˡ


639 ۰壨У
ĺϣԣ峿ӳ˵Ӱϼչ
һϣڱ̺֮䡣
ǴеĿ꣬һΪĺ
ﺣشw֮䣬ݺȻ޷ޱߵĺȣڷ磬Ҳռʮ֮أ൱֮ˡ
޵أﺣ㣬δӵ̫塢鵺̺츣صıأͨĵҲǳ쳣㣬ңããĺϣͨϺҲǳֻ֮࣬гһͷޣҲԹǧޣ鼰ʮǰٱ࣬Ҳ԰ˡ
㲿ˣǾﺣ룬ԲΨһһ壬۵ĳ̶ȣ֮ԼȻв磬ҲһѵõĶ츣أĺҲ൱½ϵЩ֮أʴˣԹ⸽һʱǿռݣΪԼڣƶĵطַ壬ǹֱ֮ߡ
ҲˮرռݣᣬսݣƷԭԼưԣ塢½壬ħ񾫹ֺ壬֣ʵߣռһϯ֮أлʶе
۾䣬һİǰ۾ԳᣬɫΪڣ
޴ûʲôĻһ壬ǳۺۺ۾Ǳ磬ŭΣŭεǵȴܣ֮ʱ¶ëѪ
²⣬λ塱۾пܱһ壬඼Զ֮Ѿһ
ķԳɾαԼŭε֮ӣҡײƭ
һ죬ӦÿҪˡԵЩЩήҵص
Ѿɳ֮ңҲҪˡһۣǻܼ֣ܲܵĻһҵȥܣСϢһ󡣡
Ҳңǻҵ˵ɡյıȼ˿಻ԣҲѧһЩգӵк³⾳ȵΪҲֲ̫á
ҲҲ̫нٶȣϾѰ̫һ¹ش󣬱ǳԵͷҲԹԡ
ˣȴ΢΢һЦҲûгȰ˵Ϣ߽춦ȫ·Ǽ·һѰ̫ӵļ
һûѰãҲԻȥˡ
һʼûдѰ̫Ӱ춦Уӿ˼ɵĵص
ǵȻ̫нţȥȥˣãã֮УȴѰã˳Ȼɡ
ǰҵľǷڿ̵Ϊá
һ˵ţһͷʶԶĴѰš
飬ЩδǵϺαͨޣٴλޣҲһͨĺ飬׵ĺΣ壬ˮĸϺзȥÿһСƬ򣬶飬ټϳˮԪӰ죬ʶż޴ˣҪ½Ͽشġ
ҲһͨԽǧе̽ԱȣѾԿ϶Լһ֮ǰ·ϴס·޽ܣǰһƬ¶ںϵĻĵȺعѭ
һƬȺĲԶһƬ޷شǺ֮ڣںŲͬĵ뵣һ֮УҵⰻȻߴ֣ױϡ
ţǰЩ죬ƺ˵ļΪƣȥ
ͻȻһƬȺĸӦ֮УĿԶȻһƬʮڵں콻֮ʡ
ʱҲΪܡ
ζţڿʱЪϢһ·ˡ
ɣ
ĳХڵȺϿ𣬺ܿĵϵע⡣
ͣסʲôˣ
ޱ˳ƶԷҲΪˡԳơһ·ƣǰϳʿݡ
һӥĴɺٿ˼ƣ֫צ˫ۻĤŵӥͣڿС
ֳֳΧһƺúƤƶɵĶۣԭʼɽҰ
Ƿ˵ͨУͣ
ӥҲܶԷǺˣĺǳ
Ҫڱݣͬʱ̧ȴˣģȥ˵
¶һ˿ɻ󣬾֪ʲôĺ֮˴νҲд㡣
ܿ죬ӥ޺һѶЮ֮£˳˵ϵĿƽĿյϡʱwԱŷ֣֮⣬յͣӥȵƷɵޣʿǸոսµϵһȥѾд´ñֳ˲ĺǼᡣ
Σ˼䳣ĿջǰЪǣ졣
ͷöһգҪͣʮϣʮö໹ٲ콻ǮΪǷȡơһǰض˵
ֻͷˮ֪ЩЩʲôͣͷȻҪöһգ⾪㵵ⲻһö񣬱һʯʮöʮˣôô󣡡
ʲô֪ڴҶڳݴôˣ㲻Ը⽻ǮԷĵȥʱʲôֳˣûǵķޡһģޣƤЦⲻЦ˵ȻѾӹĿˡ
ҡ˵Щʲôȴסˣˣʮöʮö񣬰Ұɡ
Ȼ֪ЩڸʲôҲѲµʲôʢὫҪУЩϵޣǵɸĿˡ
Ҳν£ȻС
ߺߡǽбһۣҲǾȽˬ죬ûΪѣǽ񣬰Ѻƽǡ
Щؿһۡ
޷Ҫȥǰ۾ȥҲ٣⵺ϺúЪϢҪһ˳ݡ˵
뵽ǰѰ۾δؾܺƽദ˾٣ȴΪǴ㡣
ˣô޾ۼʲôʢᣬǲЩ˴׷ʲô¡˰֣˵
һ㣬ʵ΢ȻηηʱյΪЩΪݽ棬ֹ֮䣬Ȼһζ
ˣǸղ˵ʲôҶڳݴۡѵݣÿ۹ۡ
˼ŲæҲֻǸԼ£Ҳи߸Ӷţʲôµġ
ȥ˵ǧٹֵʿԴķۼַǷȻмݵ
Ϊż˽һҿƹģĸ¥¥мλǰռˣẓ̌Ӧģޡ
͹ҪЩʲôֵ⺣زĸ׾ƣĨ㾨⣬鵺ϵΟhۣС
˺ˡСĻʲôóԵĺúȵģһݡ˵գʮöȥһöֵžͼֵƵıʯʯ͸ˡ
ϣλ͹ԵȣƲϾ鶼ͻˣЦúϲ£죬æͱʯ˷ܵ˵
־ƹд³ʿģ軨Ҳ̫࣬ʮö㹻ʹʹԺһˣıʯȻʿһĲֵڷ䣬ȴҲֵƣҲܻöʯ
յ࣬һµģȴҲûм˵ֺͣһ㶼ֱɵС꣬跨۾ȥˡ
֮󣬾Ʋ˵˱㿪ʼһ߳Ժȣһĵעܶ
ҲɳζҪɱķǰӦĸ֣ѺȢؼȥ
ޣƾͷԵĴֱɼһҲȢֱǳ˵ΡαףһĿʤ
ǿδأһλţȷмֱ£۾̨ȴֻƴΪһ;Ҫпͷǻ۵ģҪȻĻֻҪпܰһ׽ɱˣֺοҪһ٣Ƿżƴ
һֺЦ⴫˳
Сƹݵ¥ݿڣ˼λʿΪߣһޣϻż̺һףĿ֣࣬ߵģк壬壬Ϻ壬壬ͬޣһţһ߸̸ۡ
룬ͻȻͳһʹ˸ɫ⣬̨ȥ
λ͹٣롣Ǽһ·һߴ̸ʱ̱Сӭɷ˵Ʋ˰һ
ţţûнЩƲˣôͰˣһ£Ƶ˵
ýп͹ٵ֪ЩƲˣλģáȻޣܱСģҲǼֱ֮뷲ûЦؽ͵
޶һ£漴˿ȥ
Ȼ룬ɳҲת˲ɣʿԴ
ģλǰˣȥл˼ҡһʿʿ˵
λǹʿƺ֮ţĻǰƵλǰлˡ
Ҳ˵ֻ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ǰԵ޹ǳԾʲôƺزʶʿЩɵʵܿ죬ȴԵĹʿϣЦǰ֣˼˵Ǽ޹»εºܣҪǰƷ롣
٣Ϲ꣬⻰
죬㲻˵û˵ưͣ
޷߷ߵؿʿֱ޲һͷڵϡ
޳֮⣬ܹ仯Σڣһޣ쾳ӵʱεı죬ǣԼ˻ĳ̶ȣȴǴͬģѾȫòڵǻۺ飬Ҳвͬ
۵޵飬޶СڣҰҺޣԼĻ˵ǡһ㣬ô໨ӡʿ֮䣬Ҳǲزסڱ㼸ˡ
λαˣЩС£ֵһᡣ˵֮󣬷Ų˵
λѣǣͲؿðɡʱվ˵
ڶҲʶ³ʿЩʿ֮е޴ڣȻ¶ӣϾʿҲǷŵȵġ
漴ֵĪƣǶ½wʿ֪ܷλͬʵҵȳأЩ飬λһ
λѿˣֻǴ飬Ȼû⡣
ǰǰķϲύѣοѡ
ν̣ЩﻹʲôͬġοǿһΪĪ⣬п˵ĸ߽ʿ׷ˣȻҲҿᡣ


640 ۰壨£
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Щһһ⣬֮ԣЦʵ
ԶȴûôҲΪҾƹ˶ӣֱʡġ
ˣЩޣںһʿϤĻЦ
ã˵˵
šǣ⴦طΪʲôʿƼȴԭٹ죬ǰ۾ٴ֮ʣסﺣ뷽Բﺣĸʿʮʮһʮʮ·Ϊף٣ͬʱҲһĳ֮񡣡
ԭǰ۾ͳԲﺣ˴󲿷ֵطĮһ㣬˺ˮǺˮپһЩͨϺ֮࣬ҲһЩطҲܹһЩġ
Щϳʮʮһʮʮ·ⰽĳƽڸԺѧϰһ㣬ÿΰһΣͬʱϸո˰Ϲ۾
ԭô£Ǹղ˵ףô£Щ˼⸱ΣͺһЩɽĺڣѧིǣէ֮£ҲȤġ
ʵϴǺУҲ۴ʥôˣʿʵǿ֮󣬳ưԣԼͷ֮£ʿ͵ˣ඼ɽ֮ϣú֮УʽϲĵϵִƷʽϺõִ壬Ϊƹܷء
ߣ˵˭˭ܸоôʵڲԼζ
˵ɾˣԭǰ۾һŮò绨ΪѾ˳꣬۾ԼΪһͬʱҲ·ɢޣܣͬ뵽׵ʢųԼԼ֮ʣһˡ
˵ҲǸϵɣִ£ﺣ֮Ҳѵһȴû뵽ϡ
ԭˡˡ
˵ⰽ۾ҲЩͷԵģʢ£һٰ죬Գû׳ȨƣͬʱҲԽʡٿʢĳɱһҲǽŴʿǰμӣΪƽ߽ʿôƶ֮¡ء
ո˰Ǯ׬õ룬Ρ
飬۾Լ簲ǰѾˮϯҹӽβʿҲѳһɣһ˳ҹǸܵǵ۾أȻͬμӱ״ᡣ
ҲѹָղһȺҪμӴᣬ뿪ȥˡ
״ᣬһʮգʿ۾֣ͬͨ͵ǷֵһСǧ磬ԼΪ硱ż̽Ѱһ;бǶ£˳Ϊʤ
⴦λԶŵʱ֮ڣһλɽӡɵĲдˣ۾ͨҲ޷ȫգֻ֪ڶѣһĽȫƾλܱ£֮ˣֻܹۿ
˵Ҳ֤˴Ĺƽ֤ѡѡضܹڡ
ҸղʹǼλʿΰ۾Ů壬ʿеģֻҪʮ£Ÿһ֮ģ壬ò񣬶Բμӣлᱧ˹飬ǰʮߣԻﺣĸλִƸ·ǰߣҲзͷ񡣡
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½ȣһѡ˲ţʿʢ£٣ڷ֮˶ԣǷٰݽӵ̹;ʵϣԶ⡣
֪ʿƾնԽ˵ʣǣȴһؾʥӤĳЩܵת֮ͯ⣬ʿܹ뢵Ǵӷ˱ġ
ڣʱ򣬻һǣõŷҡֱϣ󲻿ԡ
ˣʢҪΪ磬ٽʿӵĵ˾ٵ壬Ϊѡ˲ţΪչ˵˲ܹӱ뵽ҵҰ
½ϵĹȣһƿ֮УѲʹʹѲ߮ݸ˲ţϳ˾磬ʸŵıߣԲӵгɾƷʵģһ磬˲ŵԱ֤˲ųʢ˥ΪּδΪʿҲ˳Ա
ٵľ֮ͨһЩԣʦܷμӣʸμߣΪţһ㶼Ǻϣг˵ˡ
Ϊź󣬾˹ӵиֲͬƽȨòμʡԵʸÿһΣ߳Ϊˡ
Ȼݲοнʿ붦ףѡΣ
۾˾٣൱Щ˲ŴӸԵĶ߳μӵⳡʢһһɲзĽܳ˲ţΪ˵õȻþȫǺĳЩȨ밽۾аسΪִܹƸȨƣҲԼҶɷƴ밽۾ס
ޣԼΪл˶ִȨĺɾͰҵ
ҰģؽʹһЩǿɱ˫ۣ躹޵Ҫװ׽Լҽܳӵع⣬ȴһʱûע⵽ӵܣǺǱϣ԰۾λвʿҲδִƱҵļ̳ˡ
Ǿ֮ˣûиָĸţһ۱㿴˴˾֣ͬʱҲΪδıİ۾𼸷֮
ܹﺣ㣬ģȻһЩ졣˾ټȿԿ¸ҵʵ˲ţҲһЩδͶɢޣЩͺз񣬾ΪĶ׼ġ
ղǼ޶ɢޣԶ׼μˡָһϢ
ûϴĻҲҪɣͻȻζһЦЩ٩֮⡣
ףô֪ɫ΢䣬Ϊδֻ֪֮ߣղԼЩ޵̸ˣμӱ״ᣬȷҪʮÿˡ
νģӢͬҾٰףҲҪ񣬷ͳ͹Ц
ʵ˵һϸڣԽ϶״ᣬѡʱٿȷżˣ׬ǮĻᶼŹ۾ȷǴҪúô׬һʡ
Ҳԣܹһһɳ죬˹ĻᣬѰʮμӣҲʲôƽԵ޹ʼ˰ֵԹŹ֡
ⰽ۾Ķ֮Ҳм־п롣
Ǹô죬ⰽ۾ƺҪô˻ʢᣬںͣ˵мͨǿ߲μӡм־ɵص
ʵһ·Ҳֻ֪һλŵӵжȨƣǿһ֪ˣϾʿ
ţһ֪ģϾҲȨǰлΪЧ͵ȣڲݴҵĲһ㡣
ҲϵĴе֪ʿͺʦһ㣬ΪϡСأȻϳ˵ﺣİ۾֣ͨҲͬϳˣΪʤǣͻôܼܵסȺǣ
ڴ˵أطһ㣬ѹƽˣҪ麽֮£ҲÿͿһЩ۽нס
Ѱ̫һ£ˡ
㲻صģսԣ֣ͨڡҲŲµڵʲôȻбҪʲôȰοһ䡣
ȻûгҲ֮УȻ۾ʿزܾҵĵҹһɡֱȥˡ
ֱȥҡ
һ·ֱҵصģЩʿݺ֮ҲͿʾչ˺ܷͬڰ۾еֵͨȶһ
Ҳ֪һ͢ԱٻɽҰСǰڰڹԱӣСĪҲӣǿˣǰͬףȴпԵ
ȻҲԼĵ˵ֻţˣԼȺˣҲֻùˡγѰ̫ӣΣأҪûյľ򣬵Ҳͬˡ
ʱܿ쵽˰˾㷹ڵϹ˼Ȧҵͨĺֻ·֮󣬱˴
ĸʿ඼ݵУиʿԼ޵챦ڵ۾ȡְ߾ͽڸױᣬãУһַǷľ
˳ĺҲ⣬ʻĲ֮󣬳ǵЩʱ䣬Ѿмʿڼװϰڿ̯û𼸼ԼѰ̽صı
ʱʮĺϣҲһŵƽʣֵľ
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ЩЩԷĲͷЩŲĺǿȻ簲׶һ㣬Ʒ£ĳķЩʿΪ³ϳˣֽײĶУλǸвͬ
۾İŵҲɣ˳Լ֪ʿ⣬һſˣ֮λֵ֮ԽпǰλҲԽֵǵģܹϵЩģҲֻܵί㳡Ⱥ򣬵һͬ۾ףˡ
w̫ӣƸ
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˵һȻˡ
һ·ҵ׷ˣǸжֻϧ۾ʹ޵ľֲСӣὫΪޣ
ǰһؾҲûдﵽϲѣʲôʸȢﺣĹΪ̫ӵ˲𣿡
ɱô˵Ҫ̫ݣ۾㽫ֱǧУղŹɼ̫ݣżģɽҰ壬ǲӴ
򼥷᷺Цָͬڵ
Ҳ˶֪׮£֪w̫Ƹ˭׷Աߵʿλ̨λƸǺҲȻ飿
ʵѽ΢Ѭ֮Уٱʵʿ̿Ц
˽´Աʿ
һ֮УһۣͷƹڵԽڶɫȥ


641 ̫ϣ
˵ݺܿݣȴһ˫Ľüǵ˫ͫһǼᶨִŵ飬Ը㡣ֻǴʱеļִţڶʿüһ֮УԵôĴЦ˵ĳмҲؼϵػѹϣʰϣڽ̻Ի͵ĵãȴڵɽ𺣣ÿһԵòǣضʹࡣ
΢΢̧ͷ޽ǾѾȻ˼˿߰׵Ŀݷ緼ȺеĿ֦ƽֲɪ֮⣬һֱߵ˵Уȵǰ漸λͬǰΰݵʿ˵ף֮󣬷¹ڣعС۱£ףɸ࣬롣
ƸˣˣƸ̾ơΪһϵӸ߸ߵ֮ϴ֮
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Ͽ۾һƤЩڵĿ󺺣òҲͨûʲô֮⣬ɼĶˣһ֧Ĺʼ·ţһ㣬ҲԲʮ״ĺӰۡ
ɼˣһЩ״Ƭϣǿ״ִ󣬱ЩƶԵ
ΪԵǣ۾βδɻԾһβϡ
ĬĬͷߵָ֮£һǣϯλо
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˺̫ҵ׷ижӦ󣬴ⰽҰڴ㡣
տʼʱʿĳΪһ̫ӣвĽƸΪʦ̻мӣΪ֮֮УҲϱ׷ߣʿúܺá
þ̫ʼֻǷ̫ӣΪޣΪδдҲΪ֪Щԭܺõޣ𽥶Ͼ˼ֻͨʿ֮ûǰôˡ
̫֮ﲻ࣬޷ٹӣȺңʱнɱܿǮưܹ⣬Ҳ˵ˣɢɢµ룬ʼǡ
֮ʱ۾빫δ׼ֻÿ³޳֮ʱڵշһο˼֮ࡣ
䣬ȺʿʱԿþδܵü¸ȵ˼ɣºޣ˵ʲôοĻϲظ裬ֲʤʱ״йŮãѧ֮ᣬܹʮ£˱˵¡
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е޲ͬôֱɣһֱĽŻٰ񾴣ʱнӼãھס¸ҲһȺĵģ֮һ֮ݺ֮ذȻ磬Ҳȫƾ˶λȨʿӣڣ۾񲻵˺ˡ
ͬʱҲв޶伵мӣ֮߱ʱϷŪ֮٣ΣǰշڿΣк޶ȻһѲˮ̫Ӱٰ㳰Ūֱõ𣬷ŵЦȥ
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һ̣·Ǽɾޣ±յ˵
Щ޵ۣܼ˭ڲԶȻҲˣвɬʱ޵ĻҲòǿһЦת롣
һסںͳһˮƽҲǲֶƵ֮һ
̫ӵ£ǰΪף٣ɻĿģȽ˽⣬ҲЩ飬˿żɽֱ˵ˡֱԣͨȢùǲҪָˣεıףȻû޶ʿ壬ʵҲ˶ܲμӵģο䲻ˣߺԸЩֱɵļһƽͶвΣһרΪѡ
ǰЩʱչİţϹ֮󣬾Ǳ״ᣬԺ⣬Բǧ֪²ͼ
ҡͷβ֪СεıᣬǲμӶˡ
̾£ǺοࣿСŮɶһĽɲԸСŮ£ֺαðΣգȥλ
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СӲʶôֺαǴάȻɶ޸ԼҪ˵㻹ǰɶˣȻʲôƨ̫ӣҲǻʵĻСǿˡ
ΪδʿŲμ֮иȻһַǷһĸ·ȫȺ߸Ѱ飬Ҫ£۾ҲڵԶټ͡
÷ǳǻš
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һŮΪɶȻǲγڣ꣬ΪҲֻڻһأڻ֮棬ȴŽӽı֡
ɶͨصľ磬ѾǣܹԣͨأѾɱΪˣոնȹС٣ѾѴ󲿷ޱ־ȥֻüһ鱦ʯľӨƬ
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ѰһΪŮҲŮ޸ЩζûлȫëѪһĴֱޡ
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֪ǳԼɵý߬סоƱȴԡ
ܹȻΪʿɵݣΪӵǿʵǰ۾ͽһǿ߻ӣðȣΨκηϷŪ޶ԡ
ٺ٣СӡټԼ֣ҲĶֽΣֻڨڨ߿ұȥˡ
Ȼ˿һĻҲɵָָ㣬۷׷ס
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Ǵ˺Ϊ£һһƾƣһʧǵӣ˶ıĸˡ
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⼸λˣҲ۾ףٵģڶѾҪҹˣǵĻ뾡ǵԶѵ
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Ļ֮£ؽֵڳǣּǰ飬ȷϸʿǰף֮󣬴ߴǵһ㳡Աᣬͬʱɺ
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ЩǣǼֵ³˷յپǰһҲùǰƺʿﺣһķɣڴСΪϯ
ϯʸ֮гݣǼΪǰλã͸·൱
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ʱѾ֪˽ף٣ŶĹأЩﺣޣδҲ̫һЩȻҲ˵֮оϵȣ˸ʸ
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Դ˴۵żȤҲ˵ͷˣǰŰɡ
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ЩԼƶ֮ؾӪ˳ǧ꣬ѧϰҲһֱҷɣֹصѧ˸߰˰ˣҲ·һ֮ϵ˵Ѿͨˡ

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Уʿ죬߸ڵ׵İ۾ҲûʲôӦ
Ͼǰĵʵ̫ˣܶ඼³˻г˵ʿеİλ龳֣Ҳѱ۾ǰϯλ֮УõӦеĴ֮Ȼ׵ҲûбҪڿء
ˣ̤УȻûĲ֣۵ĸʿҲֻǺתͷ˼ۣƿˣȴûмϯĲ龳ʿŤתͷЩȵؿ˿
Щ඼ﺣɢޣʶޣȻϳǴϸܵطླ۷Ϣҳ֮⣬һϡ嫣ɲӿڣֱ˾η
ֻǿһۣǺͬһķླʿۣҲסˡ
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642 ̫£
ףԶİ۾ҲɵЩȵ̧ͷ
۷壬ķʿϢ塭
ﺣߵɢޣͬһЩطͳα֣۷壬Ѿһĸˡ
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ΪҺ٣԰
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۾ҲǼ߲ˣ䣬λ֣һ㣬ǱģУɢ޵òҺźɵ֧֣ѰҸĵرΪףЩض谭Ϊˣ֣ȻҪһյġ
ҲΪύѣǳһ±ͨޣǺõģۼ˰龳֣ﺣҲδؼһΡ
۾ܿҲע⵽ˣԼٸ˰ŵǵеϯλдǺʣ뷨ླʿԲƥ䣬æϯͬʱԾǰơ
۾ˣдȥǡֻһЦŶ˵
۾һ£˵ͷˡʧˡѻԱ㡣
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롣˵ͷ
۾ͦһĶԱ̲סС˵һ·ΪͣҲû̫˼ɡ
ǵȻǡףʱͻȻ𣬸ո¶һ˿ЦݣҲɵýϡ
ԭҪ˵ķϳʿЩҰɢУȻڹһһƳһʶӰӹǰȴֲɵסˡ
ôˣһԱʵ
ûûʲôӹһ˿֮ɫЩʧص
˵ûʲô˶ɵˡԱЦӿЩճյģҲ֪ôˣѵʲôɫŮɣ
ŲʲôɫŮǿһˡѹ֪ʿͨСʣ㸽
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ʲô̫ˣȷЩǰΪҵ̫ӡȻԿʶ̫ӳ࣬취ʶʼղ糤̫ӽӴϤˣʿ췢֡
ʱ꣬ѾǷǳȷӦ̫ɡ
Ϊдһ˵ʵ
֪ҵȳڶ߰ǰ̫ӳȴǰڼòʱ仯ЩֻҪҵȿһۣǿԱϳֻ˶࣬ô߹ȥع񣬽͵ʱҲ֪Լ֮Ծɵԭȴԭ̫ǰΪ緢ӺݣĽ죬ֻһɢޣƺǹ÷ǳǣ˽ӼõɢޣıҲ⡣
飬ǻǣ߽һ۱֪
˵õҲ˵ͷ˿Ĵ˵ȷ޷ܹȺϳѾǷǳˡ
һ¡һ߾һס
һͷԲĳªŮޣΪںͨ龳ζδȫɣ٣˳˹˺·Ը
סеӶ񣬵ǱλʿûУȥ
֮Умָʹζ
ʵʱΪλҲȷʸΪԷֻһݲߵʿѣ龳ʿ֮ϯֻϯףǰλã·˻һ˵Լ°ŷݣƾⷨླʿıʵҲˡ
Ů޼ȴ鶼˳
ôʲô𣿡
ˣ˿Ǵw̫ӣūū벻Ů޿ɥ
ˣȥɡһŮ޵ĳƺȴȷˡ
˹ȻǴw̫ӣƸ
̫ӣȻ̫ӣ
ҵˣ
̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡡ҵˣ
Ա
ǣѰʱ֣ƽ֮ʱο׷Ѱ䷨ҲЩе⣬̫˻ﺣû󺣣켣۵ϱֱɵŮ޶ʶ˵ҲЩС
ҵȼ̹ȥϰɡûж룬̱͵ǳ֮ϲҵ̫ӣҲ
Իȥˡ
šԭҲǹȥ̫ϣ룬ȴǰ˰ٰ֣꣬Ȳüź̫ϡ
ΪΣ˾ص
Ҳ룬ں̫ϣΣѵͻĸԸȥ𣿡Цһ˵ĸԸǻȥҲֹֻҪҵ˵⣬Դȥˣ֮ǰûЮԼңȻˡ
ô˵˶ʱȻ
ǰ̫ӵ³һֱǻʼһĪĻ⣬ϡҲ˴ţǸһλʲôŮԵߵ
Լڱ̫ǰҪ̫ӸԼȥ̫ӻͬ𣿶̫Ӳͬ⣬ǿֶνȥΣʼնǳϣֵܵ
Ҫƽ£ǵѰ֢С̫ƺҲǼǿ˴ΣУߵԭ򡣡˵
Ӣҵˣʱ治̱̫ϡ˱һˮҲ侲ܣֲɵðࡣ
Ƕţһᴦúô£Ȼƽġ
˲μӰ۾磬֮ⲻھƣ֮Ů裬ԼʿɱĹۿ£ߵһȺԶָָ̫㣬ƺ˽ʿǰ˵˼䣬ʿ˹֣æϻ̳Ͽֵ˹ȥ
λǰ֪ҵǰкιɣ
ǼޣЩսսص
⼸λ˻ؾСΪɲ⣬һհ䣬ԶĶǾη
ǲؽţɣǹмҪ棬ΧϯԵļԱ漴վ𣬵λ
۾ڴ˴ϯϯǵĳΰ̨ԷֲͶʳˣǳʺһ顣
Щнȥȴʵƺʶˣܸܲң̸Щʲô
ǰǳСҲк棿ˣҵȸո¼˵ء
ȤĲԼǸСӣһΣҲصģСԴϵΪ龳ǰȻĪԸͷˡλǰֻǶСӸȤֺη̸ֻЩ±ǡ
⼸
֮뿪Աɫصû뵽⼸̫ӹľӡ
ֱ˼Щޣʵֱ̫ɣ̫ɶˣ
һĹԱ߷ߵص
wԳ֮ҲܱСw̫ӣε󣬾ЩҰɢϷŪ
ˣûʲô̫ĸоϾw̫ӻǻΪۣǵǻΪۣõŴҩΪʵǿҲ³ˣг˵ΪѣֻǿоʵδսӮЩսɢޣе磬Ŵһݡ
˹ȵĹ൱ڴΪĴˣִʿԼʵľӪݣҲ˵Ŵܹܣ
ʿĸͳĻʵۣܹ񹩷õ˲ŵĻҵڣΪٵͣҲżλʦԼػģûʲôɱĵһЩʿĵȨƺ¡ء
֮£̫ȴǿԸĹҶҲСģûеǻ֮ǰ֮λûɼȳʵҲν֮ˡ
߹ҾϣѸƽңڻ֮һ̫ƽʢΪѡ˲ţӹܹõŵгͷһ˵
̫ʵѾ൱ڷ˻λ̳һݣֺһ˵
˵Щ絣ĵģ̫Ҫμӱһ£û뵽ȻǺˣϧˡ˵
̫һУҵǰȥȰ˵ҲʲôЧõǺã˽̫ӵ飬Ҳ֪̫ӿȰҲͲѱµĻԷ磬Ůˡʵûʲô˵̫ӣֻ
廹ϵˣǸνŮǺɣλҲǰ۾Ҫ޳Ůǵлü˰֣ʾٰ꣬Աⳡ˵ɣݸղǼ˵֮ӦþҪῪʼ֮£Ҳл͡
ҲֻˡƵƵе̫ӣһǳ
ҹ𽥵ЩֱɵƱյشԴһͷͷţ㣬Ȼֱ̳ԣ˻һЩڳͬδͨĺ壬Щ档
޴඼ԴѪⲹֲ֮裬ɷǵ죬Դȣ뷲ûʲôֻΪ޴
ڵȼʿԱ֮ʱ۾ȻӱŮʹ
Ҫˡ
ม
һЩ߿޲мЦ֮УһЩҰ޺ħ˷ֽܹУмվ˰֮ϣ´Уһʱ䣬յ㵹ҲƵƵá
ʿĶҲ𣺡
λλɶõ˶µ˵
Ȼֱɣ죬ȴ弫ΪӽģһЩۼƤë޸֣ԼеԱʱ°ӵӻŮмӣٰĽ
ԽߣԽˡ
ǵǣδҲ̫ҰˡɫЩѿʵҲλŮ棬ȴԵʵЩЩ޵顣
۪
ʿĻУ̫Ҳվؿŵ⼸ɴŮӵź롣


643 
к֮ƣʵһ㶼ڣλף˵ŮӣʱһϮ˸׺ȹʸţ·ǿ֮µŮʥֳƣȺŵĴ֮УټĵãѸתѻȸ·˶ֵһ̣ԼͬסΡ
龰ɵ˵ͷ
ȷôֵߵʣұΪҲڻ֮пɡ
ǰһ˵ʱҲʥŮˣͬһֹɫ͵˶
ȻλƺȰʥŮѷɫһﲻֹԶԶûдﵽĵزֻмʣҲʿˡ
ɽҰ壬ͷιѸһȺũУѾǾɫССϴ˼ҵǧС֮УǾɫ󶼻Ĺټǧ¹󸾣Ǳеľɫݺ;粻ִͬŵĶҲͬ˵壬Գݵģλˣֻݣֻ߽ε壬Ҳûм
ٿԱ֮ɫҲδԣɼҲѣŮӲԼǵģȻȻҲΪ֮Ȼ󣬶ϯ֮Уһ龳ˣҲһ޶ԵӣɼŮǵޣѰ֮˶٣С³ǣͨޣε壬ŮΪ۾֮ŮǹɫˣΪ֮ȳݣҲͲΪˡ
κһλŮӣεݣ߿ݶ޾ɫòֻоɫò޸ʵһ
λȻϹŵ槼֮һ㣬ҲĿеŮһЦ˹㣬˳ǵ࣬ɫʮ֣Ҳ߰˷ϣѾһοʩݣĻͬԭγԳҲΪ档˲棬Ц
ʱ˿̵ľ磬ʲôɫ̰ԣҲҪʮϣŮһĴ˵Ҳδܹﵽ
̫ӵĻɫЩѿ
̫ӣҪŮ֮˵ˣνŮӺϣЩһݣֻǳԣ¸ʤ֡Ե
˲ңô˵ΣǶûа취ʹ̫ӻת⣬ԸǻȥˣѲɣҪ̫Ӹȥɣ˵̫󣬲Щ˿԰öǿָõΣǵùҹȴȥ˵
ǣ̫ĳʿѻȸУߵϣӯӯݵʡ
۪ƽ۾Ц
Ůܹһֱ㾪ȫҲȷ԰
۪վϤĵĴ磬Եø޶ˣݼ۾֮󣬴ݲȵȥŵ۾£Ȼһԡ
۾Ц⣬λͣλλСŮ۪
ʽԼŮˣ䣬һȺ˷ܼޱѸԹֽ
۾ҲձϣϾЩŮܵӭĳ̶ȡЦӯӯѹѹ֣˿ȵĺ˵ظλ֮ǰѾ˵޼Ůɣǵ˳֮䣬⣬˼ңһ
ȻȴһЩȵ䣬ۡ۾òһ£⻶˳ȥż˵ȻСŮʲôУҲҰĳ˵ͷ⣬ⰽʲôǿôţҲͳŷԲﺣһغǿϥӣֹ죬кܹ̳УŮʶ޾ãСŮҪޣͼӢۺ֮ʿܹȺۣưﺣ˳޾֮
һת۾ȴ¶ɫԴ𣬵ȻﺣããӢۺ֪ܹܲҼ۪Ŀܣʤ׻˵һŮ޼Ѱһܹڶ࿡֮Ук֮ѡСŮ䣬˱֮ˣܹȺ۾أ˷أ
⻰ѯڶǰٵʿȻ˶֪Ժַʽѡ䣬һȺ޸Ӽشףס
޺ȻкãҵգòһЩԭûôĶĲſѪٿ󷽵ĹֻڸܽȢؼȥɾԵһμѻ
Ǳף˵λЦҿܲСŮɫªΪǳǧúŴ˻ᣬӵڴָлͬʱҲֿհν޵һ޵ڶҪôӢ֮ѡҸŮ⣬ﺣλ˽֮˼ȥȥҲֻ뵽ôһӣҲΨһ;ˡ
۾һ˵ô໰޷Ҳڳʿʾһ˾ģڳܣһͬѡģһ˽ȨԲɣ֮УѡߵԹҲžֻҵĿܡ
ˣòԹ֮Ҳֻܽȥ޷κ飬򣬱Ϊѡ
ҪսĺܣѡԼõͲţͷԼĹ֮⣬Ǿ֮ˣйپͺǷ䣬ͷյΪ״ԪҲ̸ۣ̽״ͽʿףͬʿ
֮Ҫ˻ϲģ翡ŵģڰװ׽Լҿ¶ڰ۾ǰĸ·ǿܲʡʡ֮ʲôĸܣͲڿ֮ˡ
ˣ˵ڱ˴αľ򡣴˴α䣬ֻͲŶʣòΣλ⣬Աμӡ
ȣ۾Ҳһλ٣ʼϸ͹ͬʱҲ˳㽫ͬεĽҲʹãһЩԭԶùûб̫ϣĵر鵤ҩλȤĸ·ɢ޶Ķ
˽Ŀʮ̫Ͷȥ˻ǿ÷ǳȴƼˣԷϲľȻ֮⣬ɫ֮УҲ̺һ˿ޱȾζ
ͬʱУһ˿ѣ
նǳնεҡҡͷ
Ͳһ𣿡춦УԴҲ˽ӣɵĵʵЩ棬£ô
ҰôΪʲôҪȻʧЦ
ʵҲǲܰλ̫ӣֻǣҲδؾãΣǵ˼һЩİѺ֣ѵҸɣ
ٿǺȻδ˼֮Ҳ̳޾ǿߣߵԣһֱҲ룬ǣϡ
˼ܣܹ³ֺ˼
ʵ̫ҲδǺøкͬ飬Ǵ˳ģܵԼˣӶõѡ
˽ҲһⲢʲô֮£һλƽ͵ӣгªŮĬĬֲӰ쵽һӦҲǰϲ⣬ʲôޣ뵽Է䲻Լ
Լ뷨һ˵գĬһȴ쳣ض㲻Ҳˣ˵ЩȻˣǱɡ
㣿Դ󾪣춦ֻԪ
˴ȴͻȻͣȻʧЦհհգҪͰɣĪҪա
֪ӶԴͬĴ󷢣ݲ̫Ӻͺַˡ
ҲŮˣ׶ƸУҹĲùĵġ
Ӽľ춦æǸѣӣҪġ
ҾûҲӴw̫ȥϾŵѰ̫ӣûѰãӶԷȥδزʡ
ţҪߣʧɢˡ
ȻҲ֪ߣӦˣվųһƬңټĵУȻ
۪
ʧǣ޿ЦЦ֪Ǻáǰһ֣޹أ龰һʱ֮䣬Ҳ֪Ȱֻһ̾ʱȴһ˹ɵһʱ
λǰʲôа
֮󣬰۾ӭֻ龳ʿŻеģҽԼҲһλܹоΪɲ⣬ضǱԼһεϳʿɡ
ûὣǰ
˸ãɣȴʧؿ㡭Ǻˣ
㲻Ǻңֻ㣬ǷҪμǱ״ᣬ˹飿ľ裬ֱָĵ
ţȻ̱˼֣λǰ㡭Ժ⣿
ǺˣʲôֻҪ㣬ǣǲǡ˵
Ȼѿڶ
ճڣȴֲɵú
ϲ⣬ǿȡ֮
ûʧЦһˣֺαع̫ࣿѾμᣬǱб֮־ˣһҲνҪ㣬ȻڰʱֽţҪһİ㱧˹أ
ԣȴҲòϣ˵ǳе
ķݣμӱᣬֱʮһ̸ϣ
ˣҲûʲôɹǵˣƴһֺη¶ˣҲ޺
ĿͶǸӰ֮У֮ɫȥȡ֮ޱȼɫ
ȻҲ̬ת䣬Ҳû˵ʲôֻǰһĨһ֯ɣʵ޻ĹʽۼףУȻɷ˵ϰȥ
ǰ󾪡ǴǿǺá
ȴһһţ۾һ㲻Ǽۼ׵Ӱ
ףΪ֮رȽһãɻȫ¡·ûпڰգβѵɫȻҲֻݽ˼׶ѣ㲢һ㽫ںϽѪ֮Уֻܴڱ棬½
ڽõףȻ˫ҷǳ⣬ȫ棬ȴ˱һ壬ֳĹЧʱˣֻ⣬ӵķҲҶѡ
״ֱ̬ӹ׵Ĺƣֵܵ𵴣깥ȵ⹥ƣȴֻƾ׹Чۿۡ
ţֻˣЩС³˵ġܡҲ޷ƣҪ˱һ״̬ԣֻɹЧҲԸˡ
ΪһʧһƿС
ｻ㣬֮ʱˤƣɾһǧǵá
Щ֮Ҳͣתȥˡ


644 ףϣ
ôˣ̫Ǳ߻˲ɹĵʵ
Ǿͷİɣһо֮СԼ˵
Ҳȷ˵Ǿ֮С
ȱܿҪʼˣǾҵʵĵطۿҸղǴ硯۾а취俪գԼоҲԴ˷Ḷ́ҵҪЩʿ׺ôһˡ
Ц
Զֵʱпˣ³ʿԣȴͭǽڶľìܻʧ
֮ἴʼ
α䣬ȥĹ򣬴̱ǣһ밽۾龳ֹͬ򿪵Զż硱ȻĲͬطѰԤ
֮ǰ۾Ϊ˴δ׼ŪһЩͬʵħΣգϰԿλܵΪԣܹһ˼ɹȡֵȻܳҵһŲƷ󣬼ģΪʤߣߣڴ˹еı֣ҲɸλڳͬŶ򣬵õͬεķ͡
۾롣
ʱͻȻ˹˵
Щɻ˹ȥȴǰ۾ͼΪϳ˵ʿһͬ˹֮⣬ںĻλ˶˵ĺ
һԴ˵һ˵㲻ɫ㵽һȥˡ
Ƕ̫ӵĿ⣬ʱпܸλƹҪ̫ӷǣΨʲô¶ˡ
һ۾չЦգѣɽҰ֮ˣ֣Դ˻飬Цˣ֪ȤҵһƷλͲţ
ԭ۾ΪҲС
㰵ЦЦⰽ۾ΪӴȨԣ伫⿴棬벻Щģ֮˴£һã˿˿ۣӵ޷죬ǿ⸱ӣҲ˵İʿҳʽ飬˭µģ
ǿпޣеҲɵΪӦˣãĳ£Ҳͷλһ
̫ˣѣҸһ¼λѡλƵѣﺣҰǧλӵѣﺣҰλĪѣ޶֮ɢޡλѣλѡѸ˼򵥽һ¡
ʱ򣬺зִû͸¶ݣȴǸλʿʲôɻ䣬ϳע⣬ֳϣҲȫʵʾˣбҪʶ˽ˣȻ˽ｻҲò졣
ЩʿԵͷ⣺λѺá
ѡǿ񣬡ĳˡ
˿ЩɫŹ֣Ҳ֪Щ϶Ϊӽ֮ˣҲװػ߰ڼӣһ㶼ֻͣЩ˸֪ŲƷЩ˵֪ȴֲ֪ûỻһʲô̬ˡ
Щʿ۾ŶԼŮ۪ǰ
Уǰ˴פȻҲݵģΪԣҲȷǰˡ
΢ǰӯӯǰá
Ц·˵أ˵Ĺﺣ֮һָˣһȻ鴫Ҳû׼ʲôмزĺ飬ֶŮȥɡ
һϯ˵뵽ЩҲɵЩϷȡ
ʵЩ飬ֱ൱ڸ˼õĽҶӣҹһֵص䱦һöֵö񣬸Ե̺ĵرʳãҩˣӵгöʵʼֵ
ԭûЩ飬ǴСŮ˳ģСŮЩҲһ棬żǶһţ½ϵ񾫸˼ö
ģ񾫽Ҳһöһ飬ȻռЩˣҲǷǳࡣ
۾ʿȴǲɲĿﺣԶʼعĶҲֻֻ
ͨ˼ңõҶӣһĶһӵ˼ֵǮƣҲͭǮһĶѡ
ѣ⡭ʹã̫ˡ
óĺ˿֯Ǽʶİ۾Ҳɵñסˡ
һֱǶʮöһ׵ĺ飬ֵʮңһطˡ
ǣطѰʮҲرμôģȻҷ֮
Ҫ֪һЩƸеȵʿȳ̶ҲǡȻδҲܸ桱
һ˼Ҳᣬ˼ҵٹǧᡰ桱
۾ûע⵽ı飬һĨ֮һš
Ȼðƻ¶õĽϣĻռǣⶼϲԳʲô塭ˣҲǵһμ
ʱ·ϣ˱˵۾ԳŭεãٽʱķӦֱǴ󴵷ݡ
뵽Ȼɫصؿ
۾Ͼȵıһţ㻹мֳǸûаԼʺ;ȱֳֻǶԺ۪лǰ
ƽ޹ʵ˶ʮöҲϲſ񶼶˼أæлǰͱ
һҪæſ磬ͲλˣαĽ󣬱˽ڹоٰһױᣬֻЩ龳ʿμӣʱλһۡλʲôҪı߹Ϣ׼۾˵ȻҴҸˡ
λǰ롣ٽӦȥ
æȴûиǼλʿһͬȥǶͬһԺֶŮ֪ɷһ˵
ǰкָ̣Щ
Ҳ㲻ָֻ̣·ϣ˵һЩ½óĴţŵ۾£ҲʣȴֶŮֱˣܹܿһЩеľްλŮӣڰԼǰ˵أ֪˳
ʵϣţĴţǹ۲õģֱǰѰ۾ȺΪľǲ鿴Ƿ֣ҲһĸۿڣʱԿæ̴
ʿϰߣöȲͬݳƷþߣɴֱԼЩҪԺȵĺ㣬⣬ҲҪֻͨȻĻԺĵɲô޾۾ӡ
Ҫ֪ʿǬһĴͿռ䱦װ񣬶װʳ֮࣬ɱ̫ߣ̫ˣͨ麣ߵͽʿල䡣
ȷôһ£ǱܿҹԹʱں߸˺ޣЩľޣҲš˵
ԭˡȻ
һЩйغо޵⣬ƺԽûи˵̫࣬Դ֮䣬͸¶һشϢǾǵĺߣʵҲƾڶ޵ٳġ
͵ĺޣʵҲ½ϵޣڶƵһ㶼ţϾǲûʲô޻ԹһͷϮֻҲΪʳѣȻܺ
ȷ˴£ҲɵЦЦ֪Ůʲô֪ŮԻʿɶֹˣֿʼἰһЩ飬һһš
ǰҲҵʵʵػشš
Ϊûע˴ԵˣֶŮһ˵һЩȤĴš
Ŷǰһ·ĴſɻͦģʲôȤĴţɿһЦ
оλǰ̸ҲûʲôǰӣЩһƵġҪǶԷΪʵڸҲһ˲Ϊſڨˡ
µʵ˵һλԴw̫ӣֶŮҲμӱˣֶŮ֪
һ𣬵ܿ죬ЦԵǰָǴw̫ƸҲμӱ𣿡
Ҳ˵ġλw̫ӣǺֶŮõڶ֮˰ɣһҪǴΪˣǿǺãòƹģһʵµһλֶҲǰ֣ȤμˣҪȻҵλֶʱչһ
ɫ΢ףǰ˵ЦˣСŮλ̫ӣֻǵͷ֮ѣĴţšǰĪҪҥԡ
𣿿ˣֶŮἰ¡ô˵ʱ¶ɻɫʲôûиһ㡣
ɫŹ֣Ҳɵ÷һ˿ɫȴЦ֮󣬱Ҵ˸ɣ뿪ˡ
ղźͺ̸˼䣿ȼ뿪֮󣬿˿̫ǱߣѾһ㣬׼ǰˣǷĵ˹
Ҹղ֪֪̫̽Ӳμӱһ¡
ɫһŶô˵
˵֪漴ȴȻһЦ˵ѣȻ֪ġ
ûаѺ˵ֻ̫ǵͷ֮ˣһʱ嶯ʲôʹ˼䣬ҲŰѺ̽˸ס
ôˣ춦УӴΪ𾪣ȴҲţȻĽ
һæճɾǡΪΪ
ӣĲŰҲȫִŮ־ֻǵһ޸˼Ұˣw̫ӵȷˡƽдϲ¾ͻȥֹw̫ӣ˵ǻмģװɥҲ֤ȷģνæֻһԸˡ
ӻ뷴ʲôղһ֮̽ԣԼķӦҲʶ֪̽λῴֻ¶һ£Ǻ˼ǸĪеġֶˣȰw̫ӣҲĹģ¹ضԷ
ʵնȥ룬һ֪w̫Ӷ飬⣬񶼻޶ԣһֱ룬ԥǰżһŪˣ֮ǿǰкϽw̫ȥֺڻ᲻֪˵
˺ˣ㲻Ҫ˵ˡҪҸطȥʱֲɵðŭЩʿһ壬ֱ
޹ʰе޹ҲӼƽϣֻǸɿһ˵ЩճɡܴwʵУҲòܴ¡
ڴô죿ЩԹʵ
ʱûд㣬޷ѣһǰw̫ճɾһǰǽն˿˵˵ȥúת⣬̫ӻת⡣
̫ˣôõ룬Ҳ˵ƺ̫顣
ǡǡ෴̫ˡЦ


645 ף£
ַ֮Ƿĺûоʹƽתס
Ȼ֮ǰһ㣬α俪żǰ۾֮ʱãӵмֵıѹһ֮󣬻⴦żط˿ƾżĽƣɳ롣
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̫ܹƽ𣿡һڣЩʿ񻢳ϻпָܲطȥͼԵʿ̵ظţ˲㵣
Ȼ֪ʿ뷲˵𾿾ж󣬵ûһ˻ܶʿ˺޺ˡӵһҲܹõúõġ
İɣ̫Ӳµġû˹ֻͣǰο
ˮĻӰһĨЦ⸡ϡ

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ĵص㣬һЩԭеż沼а۾ڴǰӪץħޣʵ֮䣬һͷȺ
һʿȻʵûֱԼ̽鶼ء
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ҵǰȥ̽·
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647 䣨У
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磬岻٣һƾǿ󣬻߼֮һԽ
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649 Բϣ
ǹٶȼޱȣֱݣΪµķ˻³ʿ죬ԽΪԽĪ壬Ҫͣ͡
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w֮ң캣ããôȵ
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Ǿǰˡֻš
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˳̫յУϵЦʧĳһȻ֮ɫ
ӣ˾ͽˣ㾫֮ͨͨӪ֮ط֮£ʱ۾ڼα֤֮£̫ΪʤߣΪޣ


650 Բ£
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˵ţһ֣ףԼԼǰΪصħ·˳ںǰ
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Լôѡ񡣲ҪǰǴͼǴ͵ǲӦ⵶¾Ҫ䵽ˡ
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Ŷһղ۾ƺѾ֪ʲôЦ˵һʱ䣬۾Ǻʹʱ䣬ѾһЩüĿ
ǡ۾Դɬǰºÿ࣬ԭǰǽλ׻棬һս
Һˣ֮ҹԴ󣬲ʶӢѡ˵˵飬ǵôˣ
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˵ͻȻտڣʶڻ


651 Լ
Ҫ۾鲻٣Ҳ¶ѡ
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˵ʲôһҪƳҪɹƤ£Ҷʣ£
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һҸȻҪұʹ֧ţب޷ıĵ
˴˼£ȥҵȺԼѾõСŮ
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ʱ֮ãСŮٴμɵз⣬һί֮ģ


652 ⵯͻ
뿪ʱСŮ˴wʥصôwʵ۰æ˼λʦߣרŽ̵黭ʥ֮
ЩԭСŮҲҪѧϰģͯѵһҲûзԵ˼ǵԼҹ̻Ӱ̫ţÿڿ֮ʱһȺ˰Χû˿ɿԡ
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ѵƷʿǰŸոհݷùɽ˻ֻԺ˳밽۾ҲЭ飬ΪԼٺȷ˳
СĲ֪ݳˡ˵
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弴ңҵ壬壬ȵһ㣬ܱ߷أȣȴɵĵطӵĿ֮еġǡʥ
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༫ãе¸ˣȻ𾴣ԭ롣
Ů裬ķ·˼֮ʵˡֱԣѵʲôͻĴ²ɣȻѰѰˡ
ȷĵ׵ɻ
˵Ϊ֮󣬸λǳңڣ԰ԼԸ£ȻзϵҲټˣͺһַأÿλԼеʵۣ¶Լ
弱ǰԼѰҲãȻ׷ŵwʵڽе⡣
ǣǰ˵㣬ȷһܲɷֵ飬뾡֪ͨλ˵˵һԵŮ
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ο滹һԲʿԲڣս٣ǱʿͯҩΪԶʿλǱȫͬġ
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ֻһ㣬鶼ˣʲôҲûڱƶ֮£̺һϽĿׯһλɢ޳ʿҲ治֪ҪԼŬƴԵ
ħˣȥҲˣֻһˣڸ֮ҲûǺ׻ˮ㡣


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˵㲻ǫҪ˵֮ޣЯ࣬ҲЮͼҲӦ֪ǹȥ֣ڴ˽һѡԴ֮䣬ο֮ɫ
ͷǣ漴һԼ⼸ջ
ʮǰͣȴƽƽмļ컯ǽ˸пǧ
˲̵ʱ䣬Ȼһ󣬵ǵϵһܳӵˣܹȱϣҲ֮ء
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һûи߸ϵ˵̣׻׻̻壬׽֮Զ׼ȻҲԸܵóǿտڰ׻֮
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ͯʦ棬ʦ㣬ѣԼȥɡ˵գԼɳȥˡ

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ϵӰͻȻһȴͻȻ飬һ˵
ˣ뢣ͨ첻ͬʿӦΪ㷺ҲֶΣǻǧĪ֮ܡ
뢣ӵǧ򻯵ı죬пܻ˻ʿڸǧ֮飬ǰһλˣűһ߻
ڲ²⣬ɽϵĵ뢣ʲô͹ȥԵü˱Σȴϵ뢴඼ԻǰǧŰٹֶС
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ԣϵ΢ŵ˫Ŀſɳƶϵصˡ
ݼǰҲҾΪ
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˵֮䣬ѽһ飬¶΢ЦãȻǸɿ컯ĺӡ
ʦǰ֮£Ҳ˴Կˣǲǿ԰򲹳ϣҿɾָųϣҫءȴ
ϵԵ֪ǹţкѣʱȥ˵ĳϱˡ
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㣬̫ðɣ
ʲôòõģҪ֪뢿ǣ͸ǿ췲˲࣬˼Ҷһĸ¼ô׬ˣʿһӴƴԵ
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ҲǣȾǰʿͬ䱦ԶŵȻҲ˵ǲݽ棬ܲѰض٣ľ磬Щͨ³˷Ҳ̫
ʵͬ۹ı仯˽鱦͸ˣҲͬһ
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Ļϲص𣿶лʦܣ㻹лʦ𣿡
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658 㣨ϣ
ͽ״ӵĴʦ֣һλ࣬ЦʿǰȥѰʱҲûж˵ʲôֱӴ˵һ۵ķǰ򿪷ţԼȥѡ
Դ׼Ժ˵߰ɣﲢıţıţռأʦִԿףܽʦȨʱŲƷ󡣡
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ܵĿУȻŷ·츣һŨȻרЩСĵر̣õġ
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ȻˣǱÿ
񣬴ϱߡ


659 㣨£
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ǰУԶԶЩԻһЦһΪݣЩҲҺϡμɡ֮ȴû뵽Ӳ
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ʿǷˣ˾׽˷ϣδЦ󷽣ֻ»Χס֮ǰѾݵضӣȴ׼Ҳ£ͽһ㣬ɱеۡ
һŮոռЩʿҪУһӹֱӴ͸š
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ȵص˼мķɱ⣬ʣСǿ޺ĴɢأҲ׷ɱתΪöȥʱڴҴҸϵ
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Ϲӹһ˿ɵȴԵԭǵ¸ͽʧˡ·ִйڼһɱ˵ͽʱǽȥ
ѾϿе֪ľȴû뵽Щ˾ȻĿŵعᣬŭȵ齵ĸۡʲôͽ
Ŷ齵ĸۡԭ¾Ǵ˼ͣʧʧˡϹЦЦع˹֣漴ȴҲֻñǸˣΪõģþǸµһʿΪ˵´²ʱӰɡ
ϹӶԴͶԴԼȻ̬ͬȣҲɵһѻ𣬲ûг嶯Ϊ֮УݣҲֻǺͳѣһʵȨһ٣Ϊӵͷá
ȻҪΪͷһ֮󣬿΢ȴǴܵƻб䣬µΣֻΨжһ;ˣȻֻһʿȴǴµĹؼǰ˴פ˵
ӣô᲻鷳Ҫ֣ϲЩǣΪһô޷ԸЩɽӣȻǶ־ܹġ
Ȼ鷳ܱ౻ǿʱЩ룬뵱ϲܽ
ҲˣӦѸൽȫĵطȻ߲ͨԲҪȻĻǰٿĪ磬Զˡ
룬ȴҲĴ
һƣʵûʲôǻۿԣȴΪĹϵܹ붯໤ɽų֤Ӷ覡
Ǵʲôʵʵڵ֤౻ɱ˵ηɱʵ޷ɱ˵
ֻ߲ͨ㽫¶ԣϳЩǱΪĵӣܰһְ
֪á̾һܲɱ˾Ҫɱˣճְɡ
˵ͷǿд߶һɺƴǿķŻɽѹ޺ֱϹš
󵨿ͽҶԱ֣֪ۣϹɫһ䣬뵽£ȻҲҶ֡
ҪֵȴͻȻ뵽ʲôЦһȻܣ޺ȫžƣ
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һɻֺ롢ƴϢͻޱߵѹǿƽ٣˲
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ֻһ˲֮䣬ΪѾԽ
Ȼ޺Ǻغȥ
䣡
ϹӵӰɳȥصصǽϣΧҲһıը
Ϊ֮ҿⲻɣһ˿˿תڻɽǿѹ֮£ǿд߶״ݡ
ףƽ
⣬˹ȥӰ˲ʧԺսǴ
֪ųϣңôĵϹӿһѪɫѪͬʱҲ𾪺ͷŭ
û뵽죬ȻӵǿֶΡ
ʱҲ˵ǿд˽ȥ
һԺ֮ڣǱ㷢صѪȺǽ塣
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ֻҪ¿ͷϣҲֱûЧֻܴͨ࣬Ŀġ龰˼ص
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ô죿Ͻһ
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죬ץסͽ
شһʿܻ׷ں档
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ȵǷӦʱѾ˾ȳȥˡ
Ȼˡزɵڡ
ҲûϵԼЩ֣Ȼûãһ¶ԷĻԻɽӵ˴ͣȻܹСڴ˵ء
Ƕ׷׷ˣҪǺÿ
ط߷ߵŭҪǿǵصأ޲ðЩûõļ͸ˣһ˶¡
פȥǼǵ뢣ҲǰţӦ̴֮
֪˿һҪ죬Ҳϻתȥ
ҪߴţΧǽͻȻ˵
ǱнƷҪѣȴ֣ӿһǿҵĳҹâͻȻһ֧ìֶ
䣡
ìҵغ䵽Χǽϣԭƥǽ棬ʱ֧飬Ԫɳʯ;
˲ԣǿдһƶ˳ȥ


660 ھ
ǾȻƻˣǵפȥȨϽʦֿһĻҲܻ
ƶֽһǽ֮ʿ֮ܣ㲻շУӵϣҲ˲Ϣ֮ܵûӰ
ټ֣γɺΧ֮ơ
֪֪Ͳ̰ͼЩ鱦Ͳˣûаɣƽ޹ʦûɵһ꣬ɫӹһ˿
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ڸô죿ʦְյ۾һգһȴǿԼڷû˿ô̺صļ׽°ƽ
ߣܵ˺ܲСӹӻȥʲôãֻҪʵұ׳Ŵöпܡɫ࣬պ޵ؽһۡôˣ˽˽ģ
ƺеλصĻʦЩɵ֪ҵϵԼС㣬Ӷģ˵һҽ֮ⲻöԸ
еλΣٸߵĵλܱȵҵҪЦʦɫãְʦ֣㲻صģ֮ǰ˵ֻҪ˶־ˣ飬Ի
ʦȻЩ̫Լ˵ǣɫ΢䣬漴ȴɫյЦң㵱ΪСܶĿͨ򲹳һ¶ܴ̽
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ҲõǶ֣ͻ˰Сˡزûش𣬶ǹص׷ȥҲûã̻ȥǴطúòһ˵һ仰˵ĵˣǺúðλһѣûҪķ
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ʱٲڽµӶۼ˹صʦ֣ӣ׸ӦˣЩѾ˴˳ǡ
ˣ׷ϾͲҪ׷ˡʦֿߣҲãǻȥ˵һ
һۡѹҡͷβһ·ν˴󺣣֮ǰڸۡΧƵֲã壬ȫá
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˶ӣصҲ޷֮ǰǰ޼ɵ׷ˣһҪǵλǵĴٲпܡ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ˣ·ڣ㲻ٵģ˵ûˣܣȻȥϢ
޵ϣѱ鲼⣬ȻҲԺص˵Ϊľٶ˼ŭ⡣
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еĸɽϱչؿ޵ʿЩ˽⣬Ե޹׮鷳µ˶ͷܺоԹ
»ЩΣҲֻȰ˵̣м˶ơ
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̶˵ĸȺ壬ɽп֮գѰѰ֮̽Ҳѽ´ɽžͷޡ
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ϰһŹƣΪƾ֮ҲƵ̣ԣŵҪһʱ֪˭ܹΪ½ĺ򲹳ϣ;ɾǰһá
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㡭ȥȴ溬ЦؿԼɴŭ


662 ˾䣨ϣ
ߵĿƲŵû⣬æ嶯ɵ֮ǰȰӣصأ򲻿ɳ嶯
ϵˣգȻѣСմŰһ̳༤Լ嶯֣
̫磬֮䣬¹˭ֻδ֪ذҧ
رſȰţҲԼ鷳ɰЦ
ſͲµòȷĻϲ⣬պس֣һʱ嶯ǱкϷˡ
ֻϧزûϵ
ӣǻȻȥɡѷţҲûʲôˣſȰ
һ˼һ£Ҳֻͣȡѣȥ
ʶ࣬Щ΢ʧ˼Ѿˣת㣬ɽȥɡ
ҲãڽѾҲûбˡ
ȥ֮ʱƺ˵ҪһϣҲ䶨ѡ඼Ǹ͵Ľٷı仯ˡ
ڴʱɽϣھ뢵ĻҲ˹ؼʱ̣ɽɽ£ʱʱϢǹغħɵĴơ
Ĵ֮£ʶ˼λŵӣǳ̽ĶҲޣ𽥲ٹЩ򣬶ǳᣬɽŨ̺ú
춦еҲò˰
ͻȻ֣ȻԼΪѸ٣ͨҲǿǼ侪ˣǧʬټ춦޲ǧ֮Է֮伳ȡҲЩ̫á
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ˣҿɽвƺЩϢܴеõһڶУδ꣬¶ΪȱˡķʮŽ
ȫ⣬ɽϵȡ൱ڻڰЦ
Ȼ飬Ͼͨʣֻ֪дѵԼȡǸϵȵĶ츣أȴǲžڴء
ʵҵΪֶΣɽϵȡһҲѣֻҪЩɾˣ֮ճ
⵹Ҳǣɢɴ»пΪͬԶŵʱķսޱȣû֮ⶼҴһЩҪĶҲܹ֡
ŶԭԶŵʱ򣬾ѾɢɸޱˣЩȤæ׷
ӼԴ¸ȤɵҲЩΣֻ˳˼⡣
֮࣬ʱʱԶ֮£оǰӴӵ𱦿лõĲͼɽɽˮ
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һգڸۡһȶӦ֮ӿŨԪϴӻʯ˹ЦԵӣ簡
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ϺǺһЦ˵ЦˣϷѾһϹͷˣֻҪΪ˥˱ãﻹϽ֮ģҹġ
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ӣɽҪпɽˣϢƣӦǸѾħһЭ̳˽Ҫϵ
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ҲãǣǾһȥɡˣȥ𣿡
˵ͲȥˣƽҲлɽûбҪʱ֡Ц
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һЩĵʿӦǰ񣬼֤Ҫʱ̡
ҵʹŵɽɽ⿪˶ɽŽƣиʿƵؽ룬ɽŨ֮
ɽ̺Ϊһ֣ʿոսɽоԼͣƿѾõΪԵһЩһص½ʿǼط֣Լֱӱˡ
˲ûô׾͵õɽǣǸܵ˲ͬյա
ɽϵƺոŨ˼֣ɫ֮УԼżԴ۲ͣشڳй㳡ĿյϣΪѱǫ̃ϯƣҩ
ʱԿ˵Ůڶǫ̃裬֣˷Ʈλ˼Ϊ˴˵֮Զŵ֮ͥϡ
üһЩŻǲƴְһ۱ϳЩڷϯƣҩǹȡʳд֮ÿһݣѵһıӼֵöԪ𣬵ǧֵơ
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ǽʿΪصƷ޼𵤣ϹСʳһ㡣
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עЩνջأȴǷ֣ڶ뢴Ÿ桢һС
ȤǣҸ߲ʿϢ翣Ī⣬ȫɴȵǰʣǵǷȥһЩ̬ӵͨˣֻ򷲷һƽ˿ϡ֮
ЩڲΪǻ
磬ǧɽˮŲƷҲҪķ¼֮ãǱ޵ЩΪչض꣬ԼҼ֮ʣ׳أЩΪѰ̽أòԶԼҪ¡
ˣǲμԸıħɾƵĻ֮飬ЩҲֻܻЩҪѴ۵Ļ˻Ϊ㣬ֻҪһͷһξѪۣ˱γ龰
ˣ뢵ݰҲû˵ҶЩƽ֮ķ˻Ͼ൱һᶯ
ЩǽȥȻһۣڸʸ߹ӣͯͯŮ֮£
λ˭ӶԷϸܵ˼ԲɵϢһʵ
ʶԸԲʿΪҲ޴ӷֱ棬ʿϢʿԼѽͨио翻ɵģԲʿֻҪϸ΢ֱв𣬶ܲµó
ټϣӿӡ֤Ĳ²⣬׼ȷж϶ԷΪҲΪˡ
λŵƽǬԪˡһȴԾصƽ̣Ҫ̳СǬԪţ˵֪ˡ
ףλǬԪˣΪƽ̣ѵΪȾŴɹ֮ôͻȻһ飬Щԡ
ûƽ̣ԲʿģŴǵϾ뢸ˣƽҲֻλ̫ͣϳһְˡϽ͵ݴΪ˷ֹƽһԾϵ棬Ŵľء
ԭˣѹ˵УȨǾŴƽΪƺ֮ã͸ìܣ󡣡ŻȻ
Ҫ˵ͳ죬Ӵ󣬵һǬٶϣ¸뢣ҲǲܹϽùģ֮£ܹڣܹ͸ìܣԻӮǵһ֮ѡ
ûҲŴܿƽ̣ʹ֮ʵʹˣ֮ɽ̫ϳ֧֣޾ƸͬӵмصȨ
˵ͷҲϵ˼һ֮𣬾ǿô򵥣ҪŪȨרĻ˵ǿУδ̫ˡ
ɿôûбҪô
˽֮ʱ뢽ʩ񣬴˸Ҿףƽ̡
λϣλͣˡƽλ͵Ц
ԭиĿ⣬һϵλʱһͳ죬Ȼַ֮õݣǬԪ𡣡
ҲͻȻյԸҳİд׷ʩμ
λض񡣡ƽ̺Ƶ˵
λħľ뢣˲μ֮Ҳڵѱõһ࣬ӣڵ
Թһͳħһңй룬ʧɢ֮ǹħʶ֮ʿıħˣҲ˳Ľչ
֮飬ȡħˣƾΪͳңħִ¼룬ƷԸ߽࣬ž߹֮ΪʹߣӽԺ޷ħȡ֮˽֮ͨԽύ˴˶
֮УӣߣԶΪʹִ£ڳ뺳Զ˼쳤ϣʵְأִ³ϣʹȡټ֮ԣͺ飬Աƫ֮ݡ
ƽʵڴ֮𣬲첻˽ħ֮顣
һĿҽ˶ףֻһʾѣľߣǵͬ飬ҲڲصĿܡ
Ȼƽ̽ħ齨ˣ̻ͬǰ֮ϱһĸ߸ǬԪƣ顣
฽飬λѷ¸ִΪأͬɴǧ֮ƾ١
ǣҵȽ顣
ھ뢷׷˵
ţҲһЩ뢲̫⣬òĬڵ˶̴ͬ˾Ϊǰδеش֮ʱҲ֣һЩ֪ŻǼԵò̫Դ£һԹۡ
ǵȻħбףһЩ档һ˵֮ħɶкΪҪЧԶɻʣһͳؽɹ˰ҵǧʢ٣ȻԸͷƳɡȻ
ôһ˵ҵ淢֣λȻвپ뢵֮ħҵ̫ˡĿһ
ȷڳľ࣬ߴ֮Щһûмλ뢵ʿУ˵Ǵͷ۵ʢˣȴԶԶûдﵽԴĵزвûеġ


663 ˾䣨£
ڳ˴鶦еʢп˵ϸҲû˿ڲ𴩣ϣ˽۹ۣȻҲܶ˵ʲô
ʵڳŵλ뢣еţţţɹɣħһʿҲȷԺųħʢˡ
ΪҪд˴λ֮飬ԭ򣬿ֻЩ֪Ҳʿ²⡣
˵Уоɻʵ˼Ҳ˵죬ٹԲҪϣΣ˾ٶһشıǨ˵Ҷԣζάԭ״Ҫãһϣǳȫ֧̬ȵġ
ֻҪһ㣬˵㹻
ڵ׷ףȺ鼤ӿ֮ʱ֮⣬ȺɽȴͻȻһӿ
ԭ뵵Ⱥɽɢ¶һԴɽϡɼ֮䣬һ޴ӰԶٷ
ȵ˺죬ֱֹͣ飬һ⿴֮ʱ˳ǵĿ⿴֪ʱɳǾǱһ޴Ƿ֡
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һر仯˶ʱ㷢֣̥ΪϾ뢳ƺΪҲԲµóضҲǵϾ뢵Ļ
ʿܿߵ˵ǰûȥ֮£溬ЦˣλѾħ³𣿡
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ˣʱһȣʿĻһ԰ףȴɫǵߣȺվ˳Ժֹ֣ͽΪѣˣ˵Щϻʵ̫ʧˡ
˵ţܣϵĿ⾹˲֮ӣüһõģ඼ǵϾ뢣Ҳȫžֻһ˿ڡ
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ϣкηԸһƺųϵĽϹʿӵһǳ֡
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ģҸϱߣɽŰʦѧ֮ʱ㶼֪ĸɽ깷ţ㾹ȻҲҸϱߣʿЦ
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˶һվڵ⣬ʮɾֻоǰһλ̥Ϊʿ˵ǰֱ⣬Ӱ
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һ꣬ҲԻǧӵе̶ͬȵĹʵϵ뢲ԷΪǾԽܹյԽ࣬Խ磬ʵҲԽǿ
㻯һʿȻе뢵ĴȴǺޱ仯ҲܹԽӳ˼֮ûһ˿ʦϢڣҲܹժҶɻ羢ˣνΪ档
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ʿһҲ򵥣ҪȻĻˣɽصض䣬ɱһ뢵Ļ񲻵
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һ֮УʿУֳֳӢ䲻ĵӣⷢĺΧס
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ھɫԱ䣬߿ȥȴһԼʮɣˮתйԵǰϿɴ֣һĺڣĶڴ¶
ͬɽŨϢⶴڴ·һ쫷硣
ǴŲͨȻͻŻɽ󣬾ֱѴŲƷˣһĻмʶʿǲɵðԾ
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ƺ治ˣħᣬҪ֮£Ҳʣ˼⸱ẉ̂вɰԾҲ֪²Ƿʱ򣬴ЩǵĻҪ
⵹ǾǵĻͳͳڵУʧΪЩһʹλ˱һЦΪ˴ḶŬҪõĺôȫҪӰһб㶼׷ˡ
ߣͳţεʧֱ
ԷһЩǵĻȻǴ⡣
ӣӦþȥԮ档ϼƲæ˵ߣֵܵһʱ
ǵı𣬴඼ڲͬĵطЩýԶҹҲδܹϵҪƾͨ˺նҲҪԼΪҪһʱΣˣһʱ䣬ȡ
Ҳ֪ڲʱ̣ˣһʱҳС
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ֻʱ뵽еʿȥԲʩչ֮ͨ⣬ͨĸ֣Ҳ뷲ʦ죬ֻŹ
ʿƺħУҲԱʶңڣԼͬŻɽεʿڶһʱ֮䣬֮ϣȺ˾ѪɽһƬҡ
ϣϣ࣬诣ͨʿ֮£ӦԶȱɣҲֱ̰ǰ
Сӣĳ棬һͨʿȻҲý
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λ棬ڲ˵ʱ򣬻ԱܡղſˣǱߵгͨ档˵
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664 ή٣ϣ
һƬҵĳ֮УЩ˵ȺۣȻǺܿע⵽ˣЩĵˣֳܿһӣ߶
ǲعңȥԸǣöһЩҵΪ˵
档һʿȵôʹãղæ֮У˽Ϊ档
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ҵӵܣƺҲӸ洦յͬЩԮĵ˳ȥ
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治ǿòȥΣ֮еľ뢣ͬȻҲþǸ߷ڣʵЩ΢غģŵš
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ео뢷˵Ҳֵı׶ˣҲ֪ʩչεͨϢ֮䣬һܣվڵоһʿ϶ĵϹ⣬·ӳϼ⡣
ϣâͬʱһɲԼ֮вӿ·嫺ޱ޼ʡ
һת֮䣬ǷԼЩǣӿתϽӵۻ뷨شֱӿ£ɿ첹ղʩطͻȺġ
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ڵǶ֮Чڴ֮УǷޱߣ˹ƣʩչͨдϹߣΪˣ֣Ѵ¡һߴȵ
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˲ԥҲûͬǣʿ磬дٽ

֮ڶ˲ͣսô඼ѰʦһֶΣ㻥ˣҲ֮棬ɱ꣬ŵɱУѰֶ˵ˣת֮䣬Ѫ
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ֵͨķƽˣǶļӳ֣ҲʹǷ΢ܹתˣֵңŶѣĪΪ˴ӳֱ޵УοǱ߿кüԲѹ󰡡
ͬ飬ҲɵðԲĿ
ȴ˹磬¾ѼΪףȻԣ֮ڵĽѹ֮£ⶼСɣԵϢ΢һ㣬ʵϣâУƲ˿
мΪֻ֮߰龳Ҫֻһ㣬ͻ׹裬˲仯â͸⼸ֵüġ
ȴϼ֮⣬׵Ĳٿظһ죬ȻԽ֮֮ì״̬Ϊʿһ
âȻһɷɱȣ³ͻȻЩ׼ĸ֣Ӧ
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Զط֮һ֣ͨʿֱȡһ֮£ӰǾֱ洩
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ȻѾȻûѰʿҪܹһɢ򣬱ǧͨ㷨Ҳ޷ֺ
Ϊ侫Ĵ֮УҲԳǺ֣ƫƫ֮У಻֮ԣǡǡڴ˴ȴ˸ëҲ޷˵³
ֻ⴩·ɱƬһ㣬׹ͻȻըâ˲ӿ
ת֮䣬ʵƵʿһжûʹ㱻׹֣ӿ֫ٺʿ
ƲֹǰȥʿŵӭֻЩʿΪԶѷپнѹƣ׷ݽո
ɱˣȻת֮㹥ǰˣػںߵͨʿɵô󺧣Ŷ
ʿ
ҪסҪǰˡ
ҪжȴúЦһСӦԶطɣȻѾﵽ¯ĵزǻԵ񡣡
УǶĶر־ʿ˷࣬Խһ˿֮
Уì׵׽һųΪױ࣬ɽ֮ݷ֮ܳơ
Щʿ඼ֻǲٿ֮һףλһ۱㿴ͨ׷ĲͬȻܹﵽѪҲޣʹñ޼Ѱĵز
࣬ûˣν֮⣬״̬£ûǿĴ߸ľѹƣѰͨǼ˺Էġ
Ǿ粻˵õӿս⣬ǶԳֵ˼ǳһ۱㿴ԦľѰֻԼλ뢲ܶԸ
ߣʿ𾪣Գ֣
ãȴôֻ֪࣬ԼĿǴˣڱԳԼƴòˡ
Сģ˼򵥡ȴͻȻ֮䷢˾ʾƺнƾɲٿԪٿع֮Ϊá
ûлش𣬵ȴѾޱȡʵҲ֪Էǵ뢻ûһ˿֮
ްűЩƣΪˣϢҲȻƾԼĸժҶɻˣݹҲСӵġ
ȻͻͷƥλԳ֣֮ȴǹһЦȫƼ䡣
֮ì
׹һȻ̳׹⣬翪ٵصһ߹â
Ϊ֮𣬵ʵߣ಻Ӳһ̣溬Цܿ
Ӱĺ֮ʱƲͶµϼӰһ֮ɫݣȻʧ֮УǰɼӰȴʵ飬Ǽ֮Ļû֮
֮ìһξֱ͸˹ȥԸһ׷
Ⲣ޷͸գ˵ΪвץȡԷץȡˣ֮ìҲ˲Ϣ֮С
Ȼ⺫͸ܿһʱ֮УһֻҰ׵צˡ
Ȼɵһצ
һӰݼţ˺ذ׺ƣֱץ˱ѶյĺţԴȻ뾪Ŀ֮Уһ˺ѡ
Ѵ͸ȥڵһʱ³֣͵طһƣصذֳεĺϡ
飡
ķѡ
û˵ĸط֧֣Ҳֻһλг˸ֶѣֻһ㳹ը
䣡
λ֮ʱеطཻҵĺڶһһӰʿ֮еĸͺõɳȥֱֻķѡ
ֽսֻں壬ⱻĵ֮Уʿϰطͬеƽʱע֮Ϊ˿ȴռܹԶʤƽƣеľ÷۱仯֮壬䵽·硣
˻սĵУСŲ޳أЩ߸ϣξսĸҿǷ׷׳ԿЩΪ΢ʵս㣬ֻɴΪʿĸָˮ
˫ʵѹţȽϣƾ£ǿʿɿո˵
սɱʿΪҪԥذһֱ࣬ȻпðʧһɹȴͻȻ˸ıƵһڣɱһѪ·ôľ֮ʡ
Ʊ粦ƼգȻʡ
һЩḻħĸǣžش͵ķӳ֣׷ռٵ΢Сѷ죬ܿڵ֮ųһ޴˿ڣԽԽĺԮӿϡ
ὭӴõſڣһǽĵˣ֮б㱻Ϊ롣
ʱҵĸʿҲˡ
ʲôֵĻȻɱˣй֮УʿɱʿʿǵһĻɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǶǸողŸϵŲƷ֮еĸ֣ϢԨ纣ȻӵѰʿͬľ硣
һɫԲ
ȻѺĻɱˣ
棬׼棬ܻɽȾ뢣һĻȴŽȻͬĸܡ
һĿܣǽӵܣŴǰѾ㹻ų裬ģҲɵΪʺͻԵе𾪡
֮УȻѾɳֵزСӣǽⰡӹһĨŹֵɫһΪ֮ǰ˴˵ǽ棬ʹȻء
̫棬ǫѷҫܹ棬֮˵λ棬ɿЦ
ΪߴأʵƥԲʿҪǣʿǱķȥʿǸԾѣǰ;ԶῡܣʿӿصĲսյʵδпܴﵽĸ߶ȡ
ڴˣЩǿɫҲɵÿʼ˿Ķ
ʱϿͻȻһرɫԭʴգȻ֮û谵ޱȡ
ҹգ貶ķȻ֣һǿ翵Ϣͻأؽ١


665 ή٣£
ŵĸֵˡ
ҲӦЩͻףŵĸǣڸϵˡ
ЩͻȻֵĸʿƺովһսгѪѪĺۼȴԾɱųķʵûܵӰ졣
һֱͶ뵽·սΧԴԴϳֵ˵йŶ½
ãЩŵĳϣԮǵģ
˼һĻҲȷɣʿӸǡ
ɱţɱ
ħҵӵܣӲı¶š
ͻϮ콵˱Լ棬ػ֮⣬û̫ƴͷսǻΪս̶Ϣ֮䣬Ȼ÷ޱȣԼͬЩ³ֵ
һһзֱɱһɢ
𣬾ǸоԼڵ춦Ȼó·ӿдܶһ΢ɲľͣ
춦Զܱ֮ľǸ֮ԪЩΪԪ
ȻڵԣЩѾҪʬԽȼü֮Ͷӿ
Щʿ񣡡һĻӲɸ̾ڵĲˡ
ǵģÿԳô˻һЩ˷ѵķֲ˵漴ȴ¶ź֮ɫֻϧô뢵棬ѹսƷ
ЩʿɱţŶʿһʲôرεص
Ѿûлˣ־ܣ
˼䣬ſڣһλϢǿʿͻȻһ߳޴Ľâǣﵽʮ֮ߣ·̫һҫ۵Ĺڽתңңǵйš
ķâ·ֻǽԣա
ħʿæ㿪ȴֻúȻһط·һâ޴ĺӰبա
䣡
һֻ޴ͻȻƾճ֣͵ץ޴Ľâϡ
ʲôϢǿʿΪ𾪡
ȴǸղųֵʿˣЩˣƺӵɲΪͶ֮䣬̺һɽȻͬѰʿϢ·֮ˡ
һޣסйţһƵնĽâͬʱһƣĳצݺصĵ֮Ĺ㳡ϣשɣɳʯ裬֮أӾҡ
𣡡
޿зһľ޴˫Ŀ֮ͫתӯӯУ·̺޾֮⡣
Ϣ֮䣬ټĹ㳡Ȼʼȼ
һشİѩĻ磬Ʈڹ㳡֮У·콵ѩ̺ŵȴǳǵĽ⣬ɢשʯ·ѩһڣħҲſʼ𣬲ϲҽȼա
󵨣޾ȻԼ¾Ϣǿʿɴŭнâһת۾ȥ
նɱⲣƽң
ԮҲûţ½عŵĶ½عţΧ˵˵Χ˵ˣʾĬϣһƬҴս
ŲƷ󣡡ս֮УָɱҪסԼгʿȴ˴ſڣһ۱㿴޻סţּսĳ棬ɷ˵һì۳͡
ţ
Ȼһ֮ì˺һеƴգֱӲ嵽˾޺ԡ
һĵҾ֮дɱоľ裬ŶԷͱɱϳּˡ
䣡
֮ìǧ׹⣬ǾըӿĶ׶ʱʿ£һը

ʿüһҽУ㱻Χʿץסᣬ⣬ϣըѪꡣ
ߣӰȻûг֣޶ʿ׷ӿϣ֪ʱ˺;ѲڣڳˣѾûκʤ㡣
֮䣬еʿֹͣӿתΪȥ
֮Щͻĵ˳ˣһ±˸ɸɾ
⣬Ҳһ
ͽȥ簡˳˵˹ϣԽ϶ⳡϮЩĻıѾõģ֮ܣҲᱻ˹룬ɱ֮󣬰Ȼֱ˼顣
ֻ˶̶̰Ϣɽ޵ľǶ̽ƣʱ
ӣ滽ȥԣȫڣϾʿɵǰһ̾ղӿ£ŲپǶˡ
ǵȻҪúñһܹǷۣĻԮҲˣοǷͷЦ
߹ȥ֮˲ûжղŵıֿ佱ʲôֻǺӵһ𣬶ҪŵƣǵɫԿ⼸λ涼⡣
λԣһʿصһ䣺ò
һλ˳ʿǵˣֻǾΪѡ
ҪʢĻЩˣعǫ浭ȻһЦûļǫѷԺҲõˣ׳
ָͷһɱնɱ飬ڴ֮⣬ֳһնɱһз֡
ȻⲢȫһ˵Ĺͣ⣬ÿһϢȥȡսݼţҲ൱ʮˣֲǿе뢣Ȼ˵׳
ЦЦ
սʰʬŵӴãҲܿ콫ԼʧŸᣬȾ뢺ܿһ뿪׷Щʿֽȥˣǿɽפء
˶ӵ˷ڵѾɽϵʿ˲ýշ֮
ڣ𣿺²ţ´ǧֻʱɽǣפأҥˡɵҡҡͷ
ɽϸҹ񣬾ȻսӣȻзбʣɽ֮˶ӣҲȫܣֻҪ̽ǿ׵֪ԼҪϢġ
ûҲҪڣٿԱʾŵ̬ȣġϵ˾ռߣҾѾʼ׷ˣźܿͻֳ
ϣ˵᲻šһ
ز²⡣϶Ȼɫ䣬ȴؽʲôϢԻҵʿֻҪˡ
΢㵣һȻãͬ˵Ҳԡ
̽˼ϵ沨ֻ糣һ㣬ڲϸĻɽӻ֮·뿪
ɽʱ˿ɽ⣬ͻȻ֮һ±¸ĵӣλִ³ϣʹǵҷɣ·ʲô˻˽һ㡣
ЩӡϣȻķ緶æ֮·æңһЩԭع㣬ƺвĵرɽҰ֮䣬ҪûЩʲôʿòЩνͷʵʵɽȥ
ʱܿ쵽˵ڶ죬֮ϣһֱûµϢȴ˴λ̫ϳϣѾڳﻮţԸˣҲСϢƣŶλ̫ϳ໥ɱо䡣
Щδ̫޻˶ä֮ȻţһֱûдѾɽɽЩǡ
ֱϣ˵ĵǷŴΪͰ׼˶ɽϹˡ
ڵȺȺ֮Уλ鲻Ҳ򣺡
Ŵƣɽ䶸ʣҲɵõԼУʹһⳤֵȺԱһʱ֪ϢĻͬкҲ˳ӦƣЩ㲻ʲô
ƺ֪Щ飬ɰʵ㣬֪ʲô˷Ժ
һۣҲλ¸صľ뢣ҾͲˣƲ΢СħҲԸӦͣܺŶһʱ䡣
һ𣬷еĺҲ൱ںˣ͸¶˼ɵɫŹ֡
Ĺؼ»Ҫں֮˵Ȩᣬһʱڣеöˡ
ܿҲ֪ԼĲ²Ⲣûд֮󣬵ټ棬ϣԼ½һЩܳĿӵܶٹȥˡ
˵һǱĿޣǷ֮Ļƽʱ̸ʱȴرĺ壬ӵҲĬᣬŵӣж͵͵÷ֲĹԼ޾鷳
Ȼֵʵ׵ϣøʿƺ׼ʲô
µ࣬诣ֱӱ㱻ˣʱѡͳ졣
ʱûʲôҪõʿĵطҲʹӦ
ҵʿԸ㲹֮£ֻһЩĵӵ顣
ЩǣԼȻҲУûȺ͸˵ȿԼ
ԵһǧѷĴûᣬ³֮ҷٲʢָտɴʧܣڼٲ˷Ƽʻ֮ʣҲΪȷ棬Լһ
ңʵЩ⡣
Ҳ¶죬
ڳ֮ˣ඼ҵҪӵܣ棬⼸λʶϣƺҲһλ棬ӵܣҲͽݣʵʣ˿ôǸԼϵģ
ԴǿУһΣģܾǵˣܼΣнճɾͣԵЧԱ
ãȻҵұΪɽʹִƶ´һ£ǧŵӿɹãأ÷κһɽ
ھԻ˵ɾЭֻҪΪãһ˲ȷô㴦һɸɱۣ
ɱڵ˵
͸¶˼ǰΪѹĴʹãͳҲҪܣ˸һ֣ҪԳˡ
һдյʹͬʱҲʾʵ˽Σӹ̸֣ϡɱۡģɱзݡ
Ϊ㱧ȭ˵͡
գҲɵôΪԾ
ɽʹʹߵһͷΣûʲôʱɽɱָɽܶ棬ӵ֮˳ִһֻɽ󣬴Ӷӵɽ֮
ִƵĶ´һ¹ǧӣҲλȨأг϶ӵȨ
˰ţִӺζȨţ
Ͷ֮𾪣⣬ɵȵ治һЦ漴ȴȻǬԪ̫ϵ洹ɽ̫ϳŵһԱȻӵͳɽӣƿشְȨҲν˳
²ֹô򵥰ɣɽǺεȴȨЩְȨһ֮䣬ȻˣвɰԲ²⡣
˾޴ıʣ϶յ벻ϵ


666 һ򵱹أϣ
û飬ص˵ͷְˡ
㼴̴Ѷң⣬壬½ԼӵܣɽǲҲһ
¶ɫ漴Ȼǡ
űϣɽʹŲƹܸͱ⣬ʹʧи֮ķСƽװƾ֮⣬ɷκô
λҲһӦˡ
ڳӵܣ඼õɽִ³ϵвǳϵλӵܣҲ˶壬ó䵱ʹ
һɽϳʿ޷ڸ֮УȪ壬ɰǧҲײп԰ģǵְʹøͨͿʱʹпɳ֮
ˣ棡
ĻвⳡҵĸԴֹڱϷԺô򵥣ΣȻõȨҪԸҲˣǡǡɽиٹ̵ĳϡž뢣
ֲ˵һɹֱָ࣬ԾӸλʧܣٲ
ⳡͺǷ֮дҽһɹǻݹʧܣΪ¾ɣڼ
ҹɽţҲڴϱֳʵйأ´ӱ֪ˣӵԻԲڵʵͷӵеܣʵԶѰʿɱȡ
ɮ붨˵İţͬʱҲԼõİŰдĦе
ѳ򣬵ǲõģΪ֪ϾѾһ壬ҲǺ޸ŵˡ
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ãȻ֪˸ԵְͲʹǱȥɡ˻֣¡
ôܣ潻ûɣĵѯʵ
Ц齻ңҲǿҵ֮İţȻġ
Ǳã˼֮£Ҫൣǳǰܣڴһˡ
ħıʣȷЩͻ֮ɴߣ벻ᣬԲ˶޶˵Ļң˼ԣȴδһᣬҲǿ׼һ㣬׼һɡ
ˣ¶иһأǰƽ˵
˽̸һ֮µ˽٣֮ȥ
ʹˣҵȷ̫ϳ֮ǰǲ
ڰʱ֮󣬱һµŵǰϽʹɽصţ׼ǰΡ
Ǿ˵ЩˣЩؿЩŵӡ
֮УѰӲôۣڣһ֮ɫ֣ȵλľ뢵ӣſ⴩ۣڣȨ
µӣһ㶼Ϊ³˵ͨӡ
ýʹ˵֪ҵԭˣֻһֱûְܶ档
Ŷ΢
ȴ֪Ƿǳʱ̣ܹԼģȻŵùԼˣȻЩ˾ҷչֱ֮ӾҰɽϵӵܡ
һֱǶɽ£ƽҲֻ屣ֱҪ磬ûʲôףؼʱ̣˴ô
뵽ҵλңҪλ̲ǡ
ΪߺǺһЦΣ֮ʣҵжɫһաڲ˵ʱȰΣ
˵Ҳǣ롣Ҳ֪¼Ȩ֮ҲϻϣϻЩˣҴҸ
ɽ´ڴػ֮£Ⱥɽ֮еһڣƸ߶ռܲƣҪػҪְҲϿȱһϣŲеķŦٿش
ֻҪӵŴµͬʱӵ龳ΪʱȷϽӣ˷ɽڲǶԷǳȷƿߵݣžһϮֻ͵컻յĿܡ
ǣĵǿᣬֻϴ˵ɽϵ
˼֮¾ͽˣúش˵أʲôģµӴ̽ǡڱ㽻ƿɽ֮
ʱɽŴģеһϣǰһͬʱҲȲشнӡ
ȲԭҲм⡣
ƽʱش˵أȨ¡ضֵλߣȷһѵõ֮δ߲㶼пܷʣһСģݲʹҪƷװпܡ
׿ղۣһɽʧҪҲǷǳ޴ģĸų϶ܵʧ˵صΣԶʱ̣֮λʵ̫õ
ͳˡҲ֪ļ˵
ɣŵķ󣬿Ƶƣ̫ϳƵģڰ㡣ϼԼҲ¶˼ֺ֮⡣
֡
ܿ죬˫ɣеλϽԼһƷǳصԪԺ֮һ֮󣬾編һʹȫķҲմȾһâ
ڷʱҲͻȻоԼΧأƺĳڤڤ֮еϵ
ʿƿطһܣվɽϣ·ִԼʱܲٿһУԲޱȡ
֮Ȼ棬ִƴȻֻһԪԪƺǱɱԪ飬ǵ
ܵԪһʵ̣Ȼһʿ۵ɱȡ
ߣҵǧأ಻ǴɷѣΣɱȨίߵغԳһ·ǧصĳϸĿŵӽͳɽ⣬ȴǲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ڿʼŻĵط͹ƹˡ
ʹߴˣͣʱýϷɽˡǰ˵ؽεĻɽѵ
ӻͳһöΪʶ̽һȷôһ԰䲼Ǳãɽϣ
ɽֻڶ´һִУ˸ΧҪķ˹֮⣬ɽ壬󴨣ǳأȫˣ֮ǰסĸǳأפأҲһŵǰء
ħʿʱ㱻棬Ҳ
һҲҪϣпܳã˿ҪģΪɽľǰغŻ
ǵϤɽŴճԼɽӵѲֵˣ沢ûиЩ£ǲ˼оɵŵЭЩҲ֪ʱǹؼȻ˿춯涼Эް
û´һʱҲˣеɽ壬սɽŨרǱޣҲ徲ڡ
ʱһξ֮
ͻȻ»ɽԶգμɵķۡ
зۣÿʿ룬ǰ֪ᣬҳ˵֮ˣ֪Ƿǳʱ̣ҲƽҡУ
ֻɽһЩɫҴңɽֱЦ
ԸЩŲ·Ķ֣Ҳ򵥡
ƣ
ֻһʿִ
ˣΨֵҪעЩ⣬ҲҪ氡صŵӣСѵ
ǵľ飬֪ѰǾܴԽ˵طģɽɳҲ֪ܲһ㡣
ҵȻ֪۵ٽƻЩ飬ǸʼҪ𣿡һЦȴ˵
⵹Ҳǣ۵ǷթһǿƶǱġ
ͷѣֻܵĲݰЩҲɵһ۵λʹߴ˵ǲʱȻѣɽϵľͷǻܹʰ棬ֻҪЩûз±۹ͣõߪֱǰ϶¡
Ҳʰ飬ȫӦ
ʱûбֳ̫֮ҲҪ¹ѻһ㣬ʲôڣذĵӶž񣬶Ҹְأûȫֵͳ˧򣬶ԼܺԼҲνˡ
ңְȨȼɭϣҲܴڴͷ鷳
Щ˸˾ְܿԷؽִС
̶Ϣ֮䣬ټϿȱ֣·һŨķء
شĲʷôˣ
ʱյķ֮ϣżۣΪһʿǼǰϿͻȻϼΧ̱ʶ·ͨ
ǰȥʷһϵ˵
ǣϡʿе֣ܿȥˡ
֮󣬱ʿǰرϣˡ
Żţʲô飿Ӳõѵü֮䣬¶һ˿ǣƺ뵽ʲô
ϣ˵صʹ滻ˣµһʿʿǰ
ʲôû˵ѲɣǸҵӵܣӵ
Ӧң˼һǵʵ߹̫棬ܵʶݵóɹϹΪʦõãȻԱһʿ¶һ˿мЦ˵
ɶңԾӸλһȡҵʮҵĵλˣЩʩҰ֮һʿ¶Ƿ֮ɫĵ̾Ϣ
ԵλڲǶ̾ϢʱҵѱѹλּҵְֱֵĪǼҲ⣬ö룬ֻ˱ܣ뿪ɽлᶫɽ𡣡
ãڴǰʮҵ϶ǻô˻к֮飬ҲıҪȻĻҪһˡ
ɽϵʮϴഫ跨֮һΣҲɽӵ֮ء
Щƺŵĸ߲㣬棬һ̸֮䣬ȻǰǣҲĪģӵóȥ
ʱһʿϷɳ̤գɽŴ
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ܿ㵴˷Բʮգ֮˶С
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ЩʿĴҲԵĹɱ֮Ȥǧ֮ͨУй˼Ҷǿƣ
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ȻһֻɽʯϣȴԶѰͨСֻµʯ֮Ҳһ˿ԣֽ顣
лæȥн𽣲ͣͻȻֱָһ嫻ֺĽƾӿֳ
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Բڱ֣Ҫ˻ɱң
ӹһ˿Ѷûа״ϣķԶԶǼԲر壬ֻѾСɵľ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬ףһƬ׹ķѸͨ뻯뵽顱״̬
һĨ׽䣬طΪ֮˺ѣ޴ĽֱӴϴȥķ÷ǳʵת֮䣬Ƿ˱˺һ㣬һճ˻ȥӰ³֡
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ʵ޼䣬ͨ߾磬ǷյϷţ㣬Զ֣ա
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嫵Ľ⽣ʱ˸գ˲ҽһ١
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ٵ֮ʵʱսһݵ㡭
˼̲ͨ²⵽׷þڴʲô̡
дػȨһ޷׵ѶֻѭͻĴصˣ档
ʱϺͻϵҲҴҴʮǸո˵׷ŵϢΪ졣
ǰʵӣҲˣʲô
˿ϣϲǣѾˣµЩǱеµġ
˵ţְѸղŵ˵һ飬ԼԼĲ²⣬˶ϡ
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ϣϣȥ档תԶ˵б䣬ɽ鱨һ£
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͡ûʲô˵ģΪ񣬱Ϻͻ뿪
СӣǴһ͸û˿ԣ治ЦЦ
ʵ㴦ΪಿװɣοϷȥڣУһµЩɻʵ
˵ѰսǰվĿ֮УŶôƭģϷҲҪݵñһ㣬źԣЦ
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Σиȥפĸͳ
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ȥ˼ˣħУͳҲִƼõйȥѵһ٣Ȼһ˵ڵڣ䣬඼ܵ˲̶ͬȵĳʹͬʱִҲӪأ
ټĵħãʱճ켩˶ά֣̱
ѵæ͵Уóô˻ᣬúùԼΪ
ͨ󣬻ѴʿĶ⣬ǱԲԵˣһжȴΪϡ
춦Ͷ԰Ƶ񣬽
Ϊ֮ǰʮʱҲȫֻǲԪЩѽӽ˥ߵķʱɺԵĳõ˺Ľ࣬ע
֮ǰĻʱҪıھҪĴȻͬ
ֱӻʵķԶʬΪһʬԷĻ̺ľԪҲٵԪʱѡҲֱֻȽҵİ취ˡ
Ϊ춦еʬһʱģѾ
Ͷ㹻һץʱ䣬
һطԽԽǸо
ܹطף˵СɣܼԦףǱϵСɣ˺һ·ͨ;裬ֱ۵ľ磬ǲθߵ͵⣬֮
ͺñȷʦؾ֮䣬뷲𣬶ʿѾ޳ɵ壬ֻһССһʿʮԲ֣Ҳͬģɷ֮
ףܹսףǱСˡ
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㵹ûбҪżֻʮѡ춦У˵
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˴һӶûָɲˣпֽܳʿϣҲ罫˲š
ֻϧҪٵٶʮԲţһɿãٰ꣬ĸΡ
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ȷţҲпǼٵģң뢶ǣҲû̫壬ֻҪܺұӡЦһЦ

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ɽһרӵܾޣɽֱͨɽ֧뵣ˣмѵЧ
⼸գһҲṳ̂棬硣
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ڣҵĻѾҲóˡ
Щ壬һֻΪԼ˽ӶԴ˵һԼС
ʵΪŸ֮зǳձ飬ѳƲʲô벻ңҲû˽ԡ
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룬棬ǲҲҪ
ױ˳Ҳûʲôģ̹Եʮ棬פɽĻᣬͬʱҲвٺƵļȡЩ壬е棬Ҹ˿ҵġ֮ڣƺ棬мЩ桢Ͼеȣ⣬ҪЩӵŬˡ
Ȼ֤ұضȫԸüʧ
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ĩˣһȥ׼
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ֹ˼գ͹Ȼʽ´֮䵴ħѾ³ʿ龳ϣǮչ߳ʿٺ»ϽᣬԹ顣
ͬʱһ֧ϣ³ʿеżʹҵһЩ˲ս£˵ˣǰǵļʹߡ
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һΪɽɽڣԲԱһ޴ƣΪĺӴƽԭƽԭϣϵȵĶ츣ء
ȻɽһȣԵĲ࣬Ҳ̳ǷϢ
ʱһȺ˵ĵɽ
䡭
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˵˽ɽ嵽ˣÿһÿڣ壬˽⣬Ҳûѡء
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ڳԼ龳֣ԭΪŵ֮⣬ʵв٣ʾɣԼӵܣӵܣЩˣڼлµĻҵ
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ڣһŬ֮ûоκ˵£ӽ˿Ըĵط
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ӵԶʤʿԼǾ֮ϣоɺޱߵϢ
ϢԽǧɽ룬بأֱͨ񷣬·ͨߴﵽãã֮Уַ·֮ңӦ
״˼顣
쳣֮ĸܣֱѾݡ
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Ϣʵ̫Ӵ̫ˣϢǰĵ飬̲סһС֮Уǡǡ嫹УԲ
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ȴǺ޸ֻٴγԽӽԴйϢжһ
ûǱ̫ԶͼӰֱ
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֪˵ʵȴÿɷ񣬵ˣ鱨Ҳˣǻȥɡ


682 лƣϣ
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Хɽϯ͵شţԽԽŨѾڵ˷ԲǧķΧе³ʿѾ޷ʶϣԪӤĸ֣̽ʮǧɵķΧڳΪϹ
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̣Ȼ֮䣬ָ׹⣬Ȼһ׽˲ӳ͸üġ
Ӹղʧһرʱ۾͵صɴϾ


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Ĵɱϵʮ棬ͼϵõԪʱлҲͬ顣
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лǵĶԻӦоĲǣ֪ΪΣĵǹɺԽԽʢƺʲô©һ㡣
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챦˲Ϣ֮䣬Ӷǧر֣Բ֣һۣҲɱҡ
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ʵʵɱ⣬·εĵУһһ´Ȼʮľ룬ڴ˿̣лȴһǵְǿΣֻое侲ţҪһԴĿ־ɡ
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684 ȡ
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ϣܵ˿ԲڣڴɵĿֲϢڣһЩӡ֮еļ棬ϢԶԶûдʱֲ

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685 ҽ
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ͷ·ͱһ㣬֮䣬⣬鴦ӿŷ


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ô̾һƺǶβ׷е⡣񵭵ӣҲûֲ׷Ͻԣԣ̫ƵĻᡣ
Ҳ֪ԼĲͬ
ԴжƣȻǽڱչأȫ
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һչȥϵķϢԽԽⲻֻΪӪļ󣬸ΪɢȥԭķԪ۷
һǳӴḶ́ʱķʮܹʶͬʱ˵ģҲ˽ǧ֮࣬ȴҪͬʱɢȥ̭֮۶ɵķҲҪϡ
֪һжֵõģֻҪԻȫԼһ㽫ӭµͻƣֱϣɾԲɡ
춦ҲԽԪ䣬´ﵽԪӯĳ״̬Ԫ֮ϴ֮мȡԪΪ֮ã֮мȡԪԶѰĵرܹȣ
Ҫһ㣬Ҫʬһ㣬ЩԪĵֻҪ֮ڶУʹмȡԪɡ
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⻹ҪԵ飬ģһѪ˥ܣԪľˣ壬꣬»ΪطˮԪع죬Ȼڻ֮ꡣ
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ת鹫׼㣬Ѻ׼˽Թϵӡ̥ǣ쳣һ׵ƣУӡĶס
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֪ΪΣ˵¶鲻Խ֪ںԣŭεȴǽס˼ֻ
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Ŵ԰ԴƽĳȻд
Լһǰŭε֮䣬ƺҲ˵˭ʤ˭˭˭ʧ


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ݿ̽ǺеĸлгɹȡҲ˵һֱпɣֻڣвѡ
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ԲʿֻҲ͵ر˥ϣͬʱһģǿϢӿڣ·Ǳһͷ޴ޱȵޣſѪڡ

ܵϢ̱ϳľ硣


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֪Լһʼ֮ìЧҲ󣬸пܴݾߣʹöԷǰ֮زز
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ܾ߱צԭأ˿ãҲ޷նߣת֮䣬㱻Хʸ籩˺ѳƬһ֧һ֧ʸûڣ˿˿׹⣬ס±
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ϢӣһߴϢҲǴܻˡ
ֹ죬ЦظһĵĺϢһߣжҲɹˡ
ðһ࣬ϱ㶼Ǹסˣԣ¿ɶ
Ϣϲ
˵ģֻŵõŵȨԼҲ֮ˮǴߣøߵĵλһ㿼ǣǺݺݵظλһػ䲿
ԷȻöΪвҲ⣬ʩֶι˽𣬶ǻɫңһ֮󣬼İǱ֮УʱڣҲȻٶˡ
ʱҲ˳ֵʶ֪ûоԵİ֮ǰԼʿǲҪžǵ֮Ϊá
˻ᣬҲÿ԰Լ׷תӤĲ֮ժ
νǣһá
ϲ֪֮ıֻټ֮һͬȥ¡
ıŵ֪Ѿӣ֤֮󣬼̷ӦָҼ׷ȥͬÿڣҲһͶ뵽֮С
ʱԭѾƽţһСķ粨


־ʱǿе棬ȴǶ֮һصڣŭѡ
Ȼˡ
ֵŭصͺһòɽѡ
޺¶ɫߣϢŭ
಼õĺ֣Ȼôڿȷߣһ֮ȴǺȻƽԵϴ˵ûӣȷпܻǵĻ
Ȼǵ뢣Ͼܷ¶Ϊ಼֮УȻõʿ
Щʿڶȥı۰򡢶Ŀʹ粽С
ûЧ֮ˣȻһҲ֮ǼλǿߵĶ֡
һѵóĽۣΪˣܿƽһֱ޺бŵӤ
֮УӢűضǣûңҲҵʿƻҵĲΪ֮ƣǺǾø顣
Ӥ׷ԲԵȻͬӤչֳģǴޱȵ֮û۹֮ˣҲɿʼ侪ˡ
ӤȻ˯·𲢲֪ԼһϣѾ˲жʹǱΪжд̣Ҫ졣
Լǡ޺΢΢˵
ϵ޺ֽҽӤ֣죬ǽ̻壬ҵ
޺иС
ͷãȥɡ
޺ٹһ˳ɽ


709 ֮
֮УҶ෢ͻȻѲ壬壬ʱ㶼뵽˾޴֮С
ڴʱҲæ൳ץ֮ˡ
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Լǣ¶׷滹ƽ޹ؽʹԵħõƿظһ
һλִ鲶ߵ֮һ߻ӦĻһҲڳıײߡ
ǳңҲҽϵһȻԸ⿴ҳ
ͬУδضжģŲɷָϰһϵڴˣˣԶĻҪӿɿ
ҵ֪֮֮УѾӵܵϵһ

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ͨ࣬ȼܵĻ棬յȴȻɭ֮⣬·֮ͨصĿֲ֮·
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ǰģһλһϢΰһʮľϵʿֻʿڣȫ˺ۣ鲼˻һĽںۼԼ֮䣬ǿŵһЩĽϴ
֫ţֱһѿƵķɽضסȫ޷˿˫ּ䣬һطƵز
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֪ԼУԾȥ֮ȻпΪЩɷĵħִа
Լһδȫûü֮в½ҲԵֵЩа룬ʹˣҲЩڡ
ߣʶ࣬ԹԽǸղ֮½
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ص˵ͷӹʶ̽һ
ЩˣصõͦģҲвѾץÿһһ顣
ϵӣжԷϢ
ûлش𣬶ǽ򽻸ϣԼ̽һ
Ͽ֮󣬲¶һ˿ź֮ɫ쵹ȼ֮ͷҲмǰ˾Ȼ֪ʵݡ
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ͷĿģҲƵжϰߣԵ÷ǳء
ⲢԤ֮Уص£ضȫ֮ǱΪ֪
˵һ䣬ȴǲɵԼץסǰܣҪԶвԼ˵ĳ
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ʵҲΪһ㣬ŹĶȥȰ棬֮յΪľǽ׷ȥյõᣬ֮Ƴ
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Ҿݴţ̫ϵΪʹܹⳡ֮УָȻϧزأλӵܽԲǰ̣һԶԺӡ
ΪܻЩðʧ¶֮˵Ҳ˵Ϊֿȵ˹ؼʱ̣ɽϽҵȴ뿪ʵЩ졣
˸治ȰˣڲȱЩȴǵ͵չΪһЩԵĻǰѻĿǰɡ
ʵУӵİΣԶЩҪοΪؼһ鱨ʱԼԺ֮вţͷٽ͵ĴƣҲ٣


710 
˼һȴȻо֮䣬Բ֮
ʱѾѰ󱲣ԵкǳˣڣҪشܣûкõɿֻȥ
ҲգҰ˽ĵ顭ģε¼׹㣬Ҳ
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ϸ࣬Ʈ䣬ʹ·һŨɴ֣һ˿ʲĻҰɫʡ
΢䣬Դż紺ĺ⣬ش˽ѬѬĹԷ֮ڣһȺڷЩϣа
΢ķѵŵ͵˹и
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ǺáǶԼ谮ýԼ˳ҲǸеο

ڼ̸׽˵ʱѾĪӵƹС
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֪ҪǰĪͷӲڹ㲻죬һֱרĵصȺš
ȥҲһ棬ʱǲ֪Ǻˣȵ뿪֮˴Ӹ෽ּ̽ڴص׾ȼλͳյ磬֪ȷһλԲĴţź򲹳ϣԼӵеŷӵܡ
³˵Ӷԣȫ˵Ĵˣʴˣ˿ĵ
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˵ֻؼգת֮δܹǰǰѣȴͬİ·ǰԵѾΣŪز
ת֮Ҫ飬̤ʵ֮·ҪʵҲõ·
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ʿǴܻ£ĹܵҲǧ˿Ƶϵ
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Լͼķ۹⿴ôΪΪڹʦ˵ʿѹһСһıˣԲ̫ġ
ԭҲΪԼֻҪһԿűá
ʵڴʱ֮ǰʦѾǰҹ֪˽֮£ʱʦֻἰΪŹˣɵɵϻֻΪѰ龳ʿԼзླʿͨʿ׼Լǰ˵̬ȴû뵽ƺԶ֮иӸ
ϸղſãʼոоĵףҲҹ̽ˣֻһԸɵۡ
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Ǻˣվжӡ
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ͬʱҲΪԼǸ²׼
ܿ죬µʱȥˡ
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΢΢̧ͷ򹬳ǵķȥĿ䣬·ܹ͸صϰֱ䵽ԶĻʹȥ
ˡ
̽ˣλ׾ŷ湧ԵʦͷѾǰķԸǰ
ĪͷǰķԸǰȥȥˣͬʱҲǽεĻᣬȷʦͽ֣½ʵĵ·
ֻʿǴһֱͨʿǰ֪ᣬҲʱҡ
ҪƽɳҲúһ顣ض׾˵ǿôܶǣȥȥ
׾칧Ӧǡ
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ʵв·أҪ
֮ܣѾĵ·̺ˣΨһ㣬ܵشףʲô˽ܵĶ츣أҪطʿҪġ
츣أزȱңûɳĶ츣ء
䣬Ѿﻮˡ
Ҫڴؽ磬һĶ츣أʹ֮Ϊıأ鲻̫ðգҲӵгɳĻᡣ
ͬʱתҲ֣ÿԳ˴˻ʾ١
һǸתʾʹ֪֮Ǽ򵥷ˣӶܵת֮ͬΪʾʵС
˺˵ҶǲһǱɽ
ʱɵ˴ܶǵϿա
ٳ춦һһԪƺƵشӶ˳ʱϼ
Щ춦мѾõԭʼԪ꣬ڴˣԼ壬Լħ֮¶ûзġ
Ҳӵ̺Ŵ֮зĺƵԪҹѾ˲١
ʱǧգɫ


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Բĸ߿֮Уǧӿ·һʷǰľ޴籩
գǺʣǲߡʿУյɫȴǶرˡ
ʱڴܾڵǱԭʼԪͷԵһ㣬ȴԱȺʦԪΪϢʦԽһɣתΪһ죬ʿֻԼķԳʦȫԪ
Ԫʹ䡣
ԭʣտĴܶһշ·Ⱦһ߲ͨɫࡢȡơ̡ࡢϡ׷ӿ
⡭ʲô
еʿһĻ̧ͷضһĻһЩ㣬ܹĸˣЩ֮еǿԪ
зֵˣжס¶̡˷ܡȣһɫ
ǴʿʩչͨöԪôֱʡ
Ŷ顢鹫ӣĪǡڳˣ
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ڶ̶̼֮䣬ټĴܶǣԲǧ⣬㱻ŨΧ·衣
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ȻⲢʲôһע룬ʹµĻ޸˲ٲڵİˣ
ԽԽ񼣳֣컨׹ӿľ˳ǧ֮أӵԶ֮С
ڣϢͨķͬһЩ飬׷׳ۿֹ̾
תλȻת
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ݹŵزתĴ˵ҲǵһδˣȻܵİմ඼ûмһഫҲΪȤţԶܵʮֿ졣
вٴⳡ֮лúôˣǼ̱㽫˵֮еλ˾ȿѵŮɣмعңݡ
ڸķ֮ʱͻȻһץ

ģһӰץ˳
˫ַɿ죬һһƾɵĽƣӡӰ֮ϡ
ʱһ׹ӳӿ֣Ȼ߱ҡͷβ·ɴڶȥ
ǻֵڿһ󣬷·ŨԪϼⶼ󺣣Ȼ׹ããԭʼɭ֮С
ߣԪΪԼһ˿ͷķ
Ȼзླʿ̱ܿǼѾһˣ̺ԭʼԪǶǧǸղЩȻֽɱȡ
ˣϵһƬǽɭ֣Ѿһ뵵Ķ츣أ֮䣬ķޣ滨ݣ㽫
Ȼ͵Ķ츣أ޸֮ˮһ㣬ȱ츣صԴҲʮ겻᳹׿ݽߣ±ͨɭ֣Ѿȥ
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ǸͻȻֵӰȴʧЦǰܣͼǲ֮һֱʴˣŻɽϵܵԻȻϣ㾹Ȼˡ
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ȷЩѰʿǣ֣ΪӦв᲻ź֡
Щʿ֮УѾԲʿȡ֮е汦´
ʱ˺;ڵ֣ǱǰˣûоԵġ
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滹ǷǳѣʲôҪģҲԲص飬ˡ
ٹʮգ͸ЩԼķӡ
һͬԸͨ綾һ㣬ԷڣŽ⣬֪ȫûá
Ⲣǿ飬ڣΪһֱûеõͻƵԲڣԲɣڵĻǻлڣҲ̸Ž⡣
һַȴȡɵö࣬Ǳǳ춦Լ춦˱һ׵ͷٰͷȫһ飬ȻͶ뵽֮С
׷ÿԽᣬŽΪ񣡡
ˣҼչʮ꣬ʮ꣬ķϵӣ㶼ֵˡ
ʿΪܹͻƼһأչʿʮ꣬һĶУʱ䣬ռʿһϣȻ˾̫ࡣ
Ͼܹ޳񣬱ԴﵽȽ֮׽ٽȫ궼Ϊ񣬱ɳɾ͵ӵи
˰٣һǧ٣ǧȣ൱׬ˡ
ңǳɾ͵ʿĵλҲױΪ뢼
սȷǴȾ𶾣ԼΪ˵Σա
ȻʱûκΣգȥΪķϵˣǱҲĥˣǲǳ׵׵ʧܡ
¶һŶۣھһʱǱоȴͻȻ֣Լúһ䵽ǵȿɱľأȴøһ׮ô
춦춦ðҲΪξͲΪã
ƽ뢵Ҵ⣬ţ൱޸֮ˮֻҪѹƵסȫԽУô󣬱ô󡣡
ûа취ҳǣ춦˱һ궼һȫԽ
Խ룬Խô´пܡ
ȷûпǵ©Ϊ˲û춦汦ҲûʿĹߣ˵ĹߣŵĸҲȫܿ꣬˵ͬʱҲһԶԲˡ
Ҳ˲ְܳԭ򣬹ҲԸԸΪҲܽԼǰ;˻УΪ˶ʱκãҪԲˡ
һ춦ֽȻͬ
춦ӵеرѼһ壬˱һң춦óڼΪõķҲ㹻ʵԸڤ𶾡
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ħ֮УʿʳΪʣһ±չ꣬ʮ꣬ڿԲ֮ʱϰ֮ãΪ档
Ҳ˷ˣû˵ԾŸо⼸չЩѰ
֮䣬ɻĴѰת䣬ʱջ֮⣬һУǷԵƽ¡
ϣٳּҵҲ˳ɣûκβСŮ֮գ뵽ɽŭεֹ֮󣬸ΪŴѶǰ
ħҲֹͣ˶׷ΪȨʣһֱڽŻɵĿ겻ţ֤Աʱ֮衣
ĳɹܿҲŻһϰйӵܼãЩ˴ֲ֮еͨÿڣεҲ඼Ѱִ£ͳ֮λһμΣյȨࡣ
ȻҲڼ֮У谭ûйΣޣʹųǲɣҪҪƸߪΪϣȥ򲹶֡
飬λҲʹ̶ֻ̲꣬ΪŵĳϣⳤϣһΪΪִ³ȨֵӵйŸãȨյʵȨϡ
ȻԽΪԲʿ֮󣬴ﵽһǳΪٰ֣ܹʱ䣬Ҳһϲ¡
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ʱĳһѩԭ֮С
ҵѩХ֮ǧ̤̳
ȥ֮価һƬɡ
һȺʿѩԭмǰУȺʿ֮У龳ϸֱʮ龳£³˵ĵӣҲаˡ
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ҲãϢһ·Ϊ鳤ϵʿ
ԣһѰ˸ܷʯ²÷󣬰Ӫկݱ
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ʿԵǰ˵ر鲼ʶ弫ܴʴֻܿȥѰѩģôѰţ
鳤Ե֪񲻺׬
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һĵصǿɲãû׼ҲǵλʿҪϢƴһ۶˲Զڲ·ֺš
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һȺɵ֮УһΪڵе֮ˣǰʱ䣬ɺȻӵһλʶִ³Ϲ֪ͨ˵׮ô齻ǣǵȥȥ
׮飬Ϊ֮һλԲĴʿѰҪĵرѰãʮʱ֧
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ʴˣʮ񣬶ѰС˵ԿԳƵһʾ޿õƽʿʳ֮࣬Էֳ٣ڹӡô
һӵһ󣬿ٳϰٿǧ࣬Ҳǳ档
ΪĴ棬֮ǰѰңֵˡ
ʱȴҲвϢƽʱͬһļɣȻҲȺõϢ
ȴڳһͽҳˡ
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ڲ˵Щʱ򣬴ץʱϢָþҵǸѹȡһ˵
ԣҲֻԻȥϢ

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˵һλǰ֣֮գһֱضֱٽó
һϢȷҲԵֵǧϡ
鳤ϵһٶȳããѩԭǰ
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ҲֻɳյˣٶĵӽȥҲԵֵļ
ڵĵر֮صվӦŵΧӪ鳤ϵһڵͼָ֮£˷ֽܶȥ
ѹȵĹȿڲ󣬽ͨʮ龳ʿҲųУͨУ֮˱һԿĵطȻ󣬹ȵԽԽ

ҵ粻ϣŹĵĤĺХͣشԡ
ͻȻӰӷд˳
ʦСģ
һϸոüһ֮УΪڵڶλʦܡ͵رʲôһȻѪɽ
㽫еѪҺᣬһЩѪı͵ײڸļ֮ϣžһˤ촷ۡ
վ龳Ϊת˲֮䣬ȫѪҺ𣬾ӡڱ֮еѪ⣬Ҳ·һεƾץ
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ÿһѪ⣬עһǿϵطŤںϣȻֻʮһģһȻ󣬷׷Ʊվһء
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һϴһ˵׷׼ԷԱߡ
ұʬһΪٵʿæô˻Ὣپ߷£һ𣬷·һ㣬һײһȻ󣬹âһ۳Ϊԭ
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⼫֮صһɫޣӵźϵΪ
ٮٮߣпξϣԪΪʳצ˺ҧʿ
Щ龳ʿԣеĺ㲻ʲôвЩǳȺӵس⼫֮أʶԿ̽ĵط츳Ϻֲ磬ʿ֮ĿຮȴȻı
ˣЩ龳ϣǷֳʮֵСġ
ˣ
ʱ֮УȻӰ
Դʿǣæзɽֻ׼õķӭͷȥ
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дһ죬һֻһֻĺӰڷͣס
ЩӰӲ˳缲ɣ͵ײڱϣˤ÷ǡ
ûһ˿Ѫ֮ΪˤƬķѪҺûüɱˡ
еĺӰȻûаˣϱиϮ
ʩǴս

Сʱ֮󣬼ԴԴϵķλϵ֮°ˡ
Ȼ࣬սĻҲ񣬵վû龳ϵͳ죬ʮ龳ʿȻԵ÷
ˣڳϻǸԶ˲ʣΪľ֧֮ţæ뷨󣬾͵̷鵤ָ
ЩѲ
鳤Ҳ˴ķۼȫЩ÷Сȫ˺ѳɲһֱԼȫ˺ѣѪעţǱҡ
ʩչѪָ֮ͨǴż־δͷ
ֵطûж龳ʿǰֻ֮ͨеĺڸ֡Ǹܴġ
ǾָȻ̽Ѱλǰ˵ûӦûһܷĵطǰȫˡ
ڴ˵ǰ̽ĵط˵ҲŹõ鱨
ˣȵָ֣ٴ·֮󣬷׷վǰУѵ̽š
ֹһʱűһˮĵط
ѹȵɼѹѾʮ࣬ǰģһ滷ͱڵľ޾·ֱͨصס
޾ԼʮײһƬӨ͸˿˿ɢ޾ԱߣһӴľ޴бŵһߡ
޴ﳤضֱָ񷣬ޱȵ׳ۡ
⡭ط
⴦ط֮󣬿ǰֵһĻ˶ɵñֵ׳һĻˡ
طһײ
鳤ϴЩ𾪣ã˵Լеĸйۡ
ȷǾ𡣡ҲɵΪȻ
λǰƺҲڱ¼ᵽˣطǰȷԶŵһ
ԣҪĵطбĵײ滹һЩƺͻأðƽ֮һһͨ
˹һ󣬷׷׵ͷǣȻ󻺻·׼Ĵ֮Уڲ
˴ʱûмʵҲ³ˣԼҪҵĶԶ֮ǰ̽˴ż֮󣬷ֻһֱ
ԭλǰӦԼժȡ˻ֻԼĺǰʱǨδܹһһԸʵ֣鱨ǮҲܺùԼٴðս˵ȥѰ


715 £
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Ȼǰ˵ľָѱĵرһصͨŻ˽ȥϱ˾Ȼͱʧ
Һ֮һλʿƲк˻ͨűܹʧ
˺ٴŻ֮Ϊߵ鳤ΪףӲƻǽԴȻһͼָİȫ·
ϣλǰûᵽǴطһͷԶޣȻѾȥ꣬ʣĲлӵʮһ˵ĳϣʱħ
ͻȻԴ󷢣һʦֵܷ˾һϮʿǳˣԥ㱾ܵطת֮䣬˼ͬھ
ճչֶΣһԳ龳ͬʱסˣȻһӵϣſס
ŪԵ֮æŰˣǰħòײϣ·
֮ءãеĽűʼᵽľӦҲûиٴۣҲЩɣȻһЩϸϷ˸ı䡣
˷֣⴦طĽƺѾʼ𣬴ӿһȺȻʲôرĴڣżϺĻҲռеʮ龳ʿʱ⵽ϮŪǱ
̶һ֮ϴС˿ڸʮԪҲ𼰡
ҵǣǶŽһģĿһҲڡ
Ǿ֮УԶ÷󿪱ٳСǧ磬ȻϵѾʧЧһռȴȶԼάʮϡ
˽ȥԺϱ㿴һƬޱȵ԰԰黨ʢ
ѩأ⴦Сǧ磬ȴů紺滨ʢ˵ӿ֮䣬˽˵أ·ĸһƮȻޱȵ泩
˼ˣϲ⣺֮⣬ô黨ݣ
֮УһλϾѰ̽أ൱оˣ˵һЩѰõ黨ݣԽǶ࣬ףֵߡ
ң˵صʵŨѾ֧ЩƷֵˣõ˶ưܣӿԪŵԼֻߣԶ֮ʱҩĲټֻؾ֮ϡ٣ֵѡ
ԣǰһȻ֣԰Ļݴ඼һЩż֮ᵽĶȻмټ;ƧҲпɿǺֵǮˣЩҩԲĳЩ̽أǮʦණȤʿԴ˶ǲмһˡ
ݡҩȻпɳʵϼֵ쳣󣬵ɳҲʯ죬ȵŴ
ˣ˵עܿЩƿʼѰ
֮˱㷢ԼҪҵĶ
ҩ԰һǣȻһСԣĵʢŴ˵֮е
һԼߣҶСֵָıݣϿȭͷСİѿţȴδȫſ
ʦܣҩֲͻƷ꾿Ҳǣ
һЩרŵȷϣȻǼʶĳϣҲԡ
˰λÿһԽ䱸ţʦó˵һλʿ۲졣
λʿѹżϸ˰Σŵͷ϶ûдȷһǳֲ꣬ԷһļǮǷǵûȫʢķɣˣǱҪȵȻڳߡ
ԴɻЦŽ͵ŷ֮Уô˻طֽԣֿɿҩҪõ귽ҩ˻ЧλԲ꣬Ϊ֮һ˿ȱݴڡ
ףһЩѿʦܣ
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ԭ֮в֪ʱ⼸С꣬ߵԼһ֮ߣԼм磬ոѡ
Щֲ꣬δѿ
±˶⣬ֵͬѰڴ˴вףܴܲȥ֡
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Ŀǰֻôһꡭ鳤ԳƬ̣ʵʦܣҪòܿ
ʿܿˣһ꣬ڣضܹȫʢʱȡʱ򡣡
һꡭãǴڿʼÿʱỵ̈һ࣬غڴˣ˿ԵطС̽飬ڴ֮ǰѶǰԸѾ˶ͷɧţʱǲԮ
ʦԼǣȥѶ

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ڼ䣬ֹĶţϾҪˣϵɳϣµӣϲᵽȿڽӦ
ʦܡʦܣʦǼƺ⼸ܳˡ
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ܴ⣬Щ˵Ҳи֮˵׼ܹж˿֮зۺʱҪѪս׼
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Уǳ߹ϵһЩңҳ޵ģǲط󵼶ͷо񣬰ϵˣԽٵ⴦ȵء
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¶Դ³ڴΪһܹ˳ɽףɱ㽫ʮճɣڣͨ½ύеĴ׸ıһĵλ
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ڵܿϳһɽ
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˷֮࣬⴦ѹȵ棬ͻȻһӿ
һŻڱѩд˿ǧӰӵ롣

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һʿȴ˽ػܣԵô鷳ˣǽ³ȥȪ·ͬȥǵɡ
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ǣаڵĵӣǾȻˣ
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׵ʿԼɻħͬ·ĵӣˣһ±ϳЩ˵
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죬ЩɵҲǰʮֻʮһ֣ԶԶڡ
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ǲĵӣѾɱˣߣЦǻΪƾЩֶΣ
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ҲãˣǶʮֶʼܹųϽͷõôһѵõĻᡣ
²ΪЩҲڷչڶ֮УڱѾǲԸˣڵƣǳײڽ£÷
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ԣҸ׵Ĺѣ˲Ž׮½ǣǰȥ֪ͨջϵü
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ЩȥȻ˼Ԫû˥䣬Щսʧˡ
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У׷׷̵ɱҪ˻ӣô˵顣
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ʱòңҺԼһɶвٵƣңܹڴ˵ĶǾԷȻϣΧѰ֮ʱɢ˲ּŲٳĵӡ
лһսء
ٹһҹšаʿ
ʱ֮УͻȻʮӰ֡
׷ӵ˫״һ㶣漴ϳЩн鳤ϵˡ
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漴ǱǴʧɫ
⼸ɵˡ
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·籩٣֮Уƻۣ͹
һͫİ׵ƣ··֮͸䣬
˺Ȼ֣ͷЩƣΪڰ䣬ͼһ˿ĪϢ
һ֣շ·˺һ㣬ʮľ޴ѷȻ֣һҾ޴ķȻƿճ֡
𣺡ס֣


716 ֪
ף·Ųɵϣһ𣬱˱Ҫԥء
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ϣŵ̵˵̧ͷ죬¶ȵɫ
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ЩͨϵһЩϳ˶ԷȴΪɵִţߣʱʿǰΪ֪
ǿڳƵţȻΪɵɣҽй˵ģָֻš
Щ˸ԻȻɲʱ֮Уɳǧʿ
ͽս˸ֻʮλ龳ʿ֮Ҳûдﵽͬһǧʿ֮УȻŶϵ龳ʿǼҪ٣ҽǧ³ʿҲԵþǿᣬѰңɢʿ
Щ˸һ֣̱ס˫
Ȼǣ˴ϲ
̵˵һʿȴǺȻɫǵİˡ
ڸô죿аڵһϼʡ
̵ݵĿⶢ˸ղǰֵ鳤һˣϣΨһ취
Юаڳоһ
Ҫģһǵ֣ʲô
аڳϰ̾Ѻ⣬껨˭У
пǸǻм˽絤ضϡ
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˳֣֮нʿһ̣Ҳ˾裬̵˵ˣȴٹ³˵ӣֻʶܴ֮ڳ龳ϸ֡
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ޱȵĽմһ±նɱڵĶӣƲֱֹ鳤ϵһ֮ǰӹĳϴȥ
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ͬʱ˰ǿƵͨѶͲзһʰ쵵̻
ߵĶܿ㾪˹޵̫ϳϣһһ˸
ʱīڿˣԲʿΧ£˫ĿգһɵڵصչسߣۻķԴԴϵȥ
ʱīҲﲻæֻһ߿š
ֹһΧ£ȥЩʿɢ
Ȼˡ
ʱīһȺпȥȻ֣ЩԲʿѾֹͣ˾ɵڵصıչ֮ˣϵҲѾȫʧ
ѪĪľ֣֪࣬ģȻһλʮشʿġ
֮ǰǺεȵľžޣķ˾ˣһҲûС
ҲɣҪתͨͨķ˶ܡ
ʿ֮УҲһЩ֮ǰΪԼ˺£ʶת֮תΪˣȻԳ棬ҲܿԶһ롣
ʿڴУһЩѾ˵ԵĴʿľҲǼΪϿġ
ƺЩͬܵıУЩǰԲʿԭĬһȻ˽ʬװһԲתȥ
֣Ҳ߰ɡ
ʱīֱۣȴһʿʱīվǱ߷ɵѵ˵ز˾ٹãǰĽƾҪˡ
˵صѾҲ
ãߡʱīع˵
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һ¼֮ʱīӪвһЩƽ糣˽ᣬŻȥ
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ÿ£ȶһŵӳ룬ЩȻȴͨЩ˴Ϣ
Ʒ壬ƺҺ޹ϸ𣬲ص䣬رʾ
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Բĳϣ˵֤֮·Ǽ
ǲ֪ˡ
Բֵľȫû˽⣬ҲԲµó
ʱѾ뵽֮ıԵһԲɣһɢҲʵм棬ڴʱ̣ʱпܴӹг֣ȻǵҪ֧Ԯŵֲ
ʱҪ𵽴Ϣãʱ֮塣
һֱûѶ
Ҫôһ˳ҪκεҪôǡ
ʱͳ죬ʱͳ졣
ʱһʱī
ʲô£
ʱīæӾ˳ȴԼµļʿָһ쿴Ǳߡ
ʱī̧ͷȥֻǧããдؽ磬һĺӹĳ˳
ڼ䣬ԼԿһЩԪӿĲⲻͣǿͻڽơ֮ϣײ
⸱Σ˲һ·ն˲ӿĴ󺣣ɽͷ֮ĽƣǼ̵Ľңİŭ
ôƣҲùвƣ뢵ƶԸŵɽͷ򣬵ֻһ󲨶Ҫʹòܵţ߻ħ
ǱƸܲƣĴСȷʵ
ʱīͬ
УɽͷǱ˴˶ģۿʮʵһ硣
ѭһڹУкһ˿ҲǸ֮ѡʾ֮ãԶ۹۲죬ΪԭʼѲߺ;ͽܹ֮̽ôԶ㷢֣ɼԷƲС
ƹض٣߻ħ
һʱ֮䣬˶ɵøв²⡣
̫ϳǹȥˡ
ͻȻָǱ߷ȥһȺ˵
ǲܴõģʱпָܱɲ£Ҫ׼ʱīԸˡ


719 Բɣ£
УԪӿӿȡ
ɽȵ̫ϳϹųϣ֮󣬱ҴҴ˸·֮ĸӦ֮УһطͻȻӿǿϢͬȪɽС
ϢֵͻȻȻѾصĶٻڣΧĽƶݻٲ֣䷢չȥֱ롣
ʲôˣ͵ƾȻ֮Ԫӿ˱չ֮
ų뵽ɵɫ
ųϣ
ʱǰͻȻ˱仯
ƺҲǸܵԼɵĶѾŽ˻
һԪӿɽ𻨣ҶޣãȻ󣬲Żʧ
ųɫźЩתΪľ̾
ĪɣеΪɣĽƣŵ³˵Ϊ裬ȫһҲԻ١
ʵ񣬾Ǻˡ
ˣӵܣ½ϣΪԲǰڣ˷ȣΪԲɡ
Уλϵʱ䣬ڷλм¼ˣܿ·Ϸɿȷһϡ
ˣ֮ǰ
ô
ųһ
ʱ䲻һǵãֻԲΪ
¼ӦûҺˣҲûбҪ٣ʲô컯
ǲһ½֮ˣѳɹͻƣҾ˵˴ӷҲûгʮ꣬ȣЩڹزϰ궼ûͻƵϼһľɵҲ
ųϲɵþ̾
Լǵ뢣̫ϳϣȫô˵ʸ񣬵ԱߵˣȴֻпЦķˡ
ԾһĴڣѰ˵ܹȵģ
˵֮治Уγڣǿſ壬֣ǶʶΨֱĳЩϳˣټ֮ҲǰʮѽϵЩ뢣ٶȣѾܱˣѵֽһʿУп죬ͳȺ׵ľ
ٶϣȻв˿ǱǰΪݼ¼ûзʳǱҩûаַȫԷʵʵɾ͵ģʳڣ컯ˡ
ˡ
ûһȺһ̫ϳʮԲʿɵʿ飬ɵ˷ɽϿա
Ȼɽ嶼Ѿˡ
ӿԪ·һȪڴӵص׼ϣɢṴ̃š
ܵɽʯľȫֳɢĵƣһƬǽ塣
ףǾһҵıը
ⳡըԭĶѾΪƽأֻ°ضƵ£¶վһİʿӭ
˵ʿתͷ

ˡ
ʱ䣬ͻˡ
ʱ䣬ʵԶԶԼԤƵҪö࣬緵أԼ˰֮ڽǰȥ̽Ѱɽޣû뵽ԼĽٶȣԶԶԤƣʮѾɡ
лԵõֱӶȽ٣ǳ˵Ρ
辭һؿڣȴ٣ԶԶħ֮öࡣ
ʱףӵĪĵ٣ҲóȻ£٣Ӧʱ乮̳ɹʹԼ֮Ϊʵ׷ӳ֣ס
΢쿴һֻϷ࣬ûΪʱƶմȾһ˿ҳ᰹࣬Ϊ۱һطԾԼ壬ûѰ̥ۣҲë壬Ұˡ
Ϊ紵ҵ½һָ
Ȼһܽδ㣬ҡҡ׹Ĳз嵹һƽأȻųϴһԲʿ
̫ϳϡ֪Ϊ
ҵСѣȻԲɣ
ųΪ뢣ŵ̫ϳϣ۹ܿĴʱΪһ±㿴꣬Ȼ뵽˰벽֮ǼΪӽڵزˡ
֮ɳƴɡ
һɳ۷֮岢Ϊ벽һɣʿٵͬһؿڣǶȽ٣ڣӵеĶٷûôҪ
ÿһλʿӵź嫵Ӵһ䣬ʱϵش֮мȡΪԪѾõʿı׼
ߣʿʹͨ߶طֱ֮Ϊ֮á
еķֻʩչһЩʿǿͨɽˮ֮һģڵʱо֮Ѿ޷÷ݡ
ȻʿķҲãǴĵʿ֮ϣۻ֮á
ĻԷάڵģ൱ѰľѪԪҷֻҪķ뱾ǲͬ
ڹųУʱһЩϸ΢֮ʿ֣ͬһǶǵĸоҲ̺һԵһ۱Կ޵֮Ϊǿͨ׷
Ҳӣϲˡ
л̫ϳϡһЦԵò
ȻѾڴ˹ˣȥɡųϿ˿ܣ˰ͳȥ
Ҫ鱻ٻɽͶԼܱ߽ƣֹⷢ
Ҳ֪ȣش󣬱ûٹֱȥ
;ȿڵʱͻȻǰʱīǼӭ

ʱīôͣʵ
ʱīæԼǰص˵˳Եصϲɡ
ȷֵùϲΪԲɱ֮ѰԲӵеǽǱȻΪ˼޴գٳٲ̤һվ˿ܡ
һϣʼʿ󼰵ġ
ʱīѡ񣬶Ǻһ㣬磬磬ѿʿĶ塣
ݵλ˳
ƺڵħõʷϣûйԲʿֱͳģȾʿѱһ֮棬һ䣬ֱͳǡ
ҲŲµ˼Ϊ֮һЦ
ȥ˵⼸ұչأŷһЩ飬Ҫҡ
֮ԼصĻᣬ˳ֽʱī˳
ԭⲢϹأԲɵʿҪ˳ִһССĵӣҲ㲻ʲôصˣҲûΪѡ
ʱīڻȥ·ϣһЩܹ֮˵˳
ʱ֪Լϵ͵ħãûд·Ȼƽȵطչţʱ֮ĪһԣǱתѾʮ࣬ɾԲ֮ˡ
˵תͯѾɳ
׷ʵ
ϢʵҲûʲôζģϾת֮ҲѰʿԱģҾݴţתһΪ飬֮ǰ޳ɽ𵤣ʮ֮ǰͨ뻯ʮ꼴Բʮܹ꣬ﵽ
ȿֲٶȣѳɶǰĵ̣Ǻ޸š
˵ӽ֮ΪҶ죬꣬Ѿɳ׷ɱǵħöв롭֪ΪΣÿÿΧһ׻תΣΪ
ἰ˴ԭƹسԵЩ˷ܺͼʱī鲻ùȻͬ
ҲȤʵô׻֮˵ҶȻתͯûгɳ֮ǰ㲻𣬳ֻǸѰʿˡ
ʱīĵصտʼʱ򣬰ŵľǣҲΪġɳĸ֣ԶžʿֻҪûдﵽԲģ˰ٻضֹˣСƺӵ˻ÿһԵ֮ʱͻȻǱչֳսȥ˴򵹣Լĸŷɽ»ߵʲô츣أٲȻÿÿ֮ڣĪشԽ֣
һͬΪž뢣ʱ侭Ӫȫ֮в°塣£ƶص
˭ʱīȴ֮£ŵľҲԤˣÿһжֱӴʮ֮󣬸ո¹֮ҳ֣ûжõǰЩŸ֣ԣϢû©Щ⣬ȫɺϣ
΢΢һôܣ
ʱīһΣǻΪɺϣĴΣΪڹңˣȥȴһ˹һΣһ˵еԳȴӲΪʧˡ
֮⣬бʲôûУԣ˵ͷ
˵ڹ֣ʱīԣƺԴҲɳ֣ǴӲͬжҲ˴˱ܣȻܴδζڹ˫ʱʵֻҪһε֣СѾòˣʲôɵڻ
ң뢶Գˣֻ²Ѱ׷ɱô򵥣Ҳڹġ
ڹͨ籨ţ裬޷
ʱīУһֱڳ׷ɱҲӵ񣬶йصģǰе飬ӵǾ˵˼㣬˵Ŵ׷ɱʵ㲻ʲôؼÿһδѲк󸣣ѾĴʧ֮лʮΣǵõԶرǵõĵرؼʵҲͻͽŻ̶֮䣬ﵽԲ֮
ɫһҪǿʱīһ࣬ΪڿЦˡ
ʵԼҲһ˹֮оգŰȫʵͻͽڶ̶̼ʮﵽ˵ĵزǣΣ֮תΣΪֻúôû˿ţڣһս֮Уܸĵˡ
ȻʵһԴѾǷǳʹ٣ЩźΪܿһֱõԼġ
ҶȻǽˮûгԿʱ
ĸִȥ׷ɱҪôǸɴҲˣҪôǽ֮ʱƵȻ׻һδεʵҲ֮ͻͽ
⡭̥
֪֮˵ʲô֮ӣĴ˻ʿ޷ԿʱīͻȻ뵽һ£ЩǣνԲɣָոպǰй֮ˣǾǻ뵽ȥԸҪ취ıһ
ıһЩ˿ʱī
ʱī͵Ҷ죬ѾԲʿˡȻղǰŽΪԲҲûм϶Ķ֣˼ӳֻ֣׷ɱҲףһֺõ顣
֮˵翣ԶϷ֮ȻһЦȻʱīǸҶתͯ˵񣬵УȴǶЩΪȻ
ǵҪӽңұ°ɣҸո޳Բɣ뿴ʱʲôز
ûʱīּһĿ֮ģЩԾԾԡ


720 ӺȨ
ʱīһͬϻʱＸеפӵܣɽ³ǳصȺš
ǽӵͨ棬˵֮ǰбչ˵ѾԲʿҪʱµӵܳӭӣʾ¡ء
ڴ£ӵܳ𾪣𾪡
ҵĴӵܣʵĸǷǳ˽⣬֪ɽ֮¼֮¹ΪĽ֮࣬ҲͬˣȫӵнǱ
ȻǱǱܶʱǱֻһõԸͬʵԸȴȻǰһ󲽣ԶԶе˺ͷ
ȻûдﵽҲеͬӵܶԲλˡ
ȥ棬ԼЩ֮껣Ī⣬ЦЦƿ޷ǿޣվ
֣׷˰Ż˼깤򣬱ﵽһΪ֮ܶľ磬£󻹻иһĿܡ
һ֪֮ӵܣһ˿˵ͬ黹ǻϽ͵ο
ɫ΢ףڵõϢ֮ǰʵУѶԼǱʵȲͬҲ˼ְϾӭͷϵ롣
ڵõܴɵ֮һ룬תΪĪš
֮·Ͼȥĥ£ڷܿޣǿﵽͨ۷ľ硣
ȻɾͬļӵǰѾ֮Ӱҫף׷ϺͳԽԣԶԶ
ֱ棬ʵѾûж˼ˣֳԼһʱҪ׷ϺѾңɼֻ̾
Ȼڱչ֮УǰȴΪ֮ʣҪúü޵һĻԼҲи룬֪ܶ£
껵Ī⣬ڣƽ
̫үү˵ûģΪҳһ죬Ҳܳɾ͵ʱ򣬲ͬһ㣬һʱĵʧ㲻ʲô
ңվҲǴ֮ˣ½һɣҲҺǧ˿Ƶ룬ѷǵУûбҪΪ㵽Ŀƽ׵ںġ
һ㸯ңӵȨ˴˳ӲͬҴʱٵĽ׶Σһӵܣ󶼶ȡĲƸȨеľҲʱ˭µĹʹ˭ĳɾ;ˡ
껶ĳɾЩζվҲصסģûüɶʳԼͷԡ
ԱߵӵԣҲͬͬʱҲЩǣһܵõշǵ֧֣ҿкЩˣ¶ȲҪͶ£Ϊˡ
ƴƱӰ쵽Щס
ĬȻһ󣬵ڳ㣬ֱӳΪҲ޿ɺˣڻнǱнǰ;ļλϣѾ
һأʿ׶ȹĴأˣԲʿɴ಻ȥԲΪ㡣
桢桢ˣΪԪƳ㹻Ϊ棬ʱΪǹˣԪҲпܳǰ;Ԥϡ
ԣĿ壬ԾڸλԸҫȴʱƿȫ֡
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ˡ
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һȺҵ³ӵܣգӿȥμַӭ
껵һʵǿ龳ӵܣԶԶؿţֱЩ΢˿˲ǰ
һ񣬷ӭȻ˱ӵɽȥ档
ʱѾ֪Բ֮£οؽӼһ
ΪչѾãһЩ˽£֮󣬱뿪ɽ壬Լڷµĸۡ
ϴʱʮʿŰݼˡ


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λҸкιɣЩֵؿһۣЩ඼֮һЩг˵ʿŵ洫ӡ
ҵѽԲɣԱǰأСС˼ɾ⡣һǱƾٳ˵ʿվ˳Цݿ˵
ԭˣҲˣлλ
Щ˲̫ʶȻǰأҲ¡
ʵЩԣҲֻСС˼ҲǷ飬Ǳˣ񵥡
Ҳ֪ˣ󣬻Щ˳ǰ֮⣬б룬֮غЩǣһЩ׺ѣֱЩ̲סԴ̽ʵ˵ȴûйͽſͣҼǲСӣʮ꣬ŴﵽԲľ磬Ȼվмô͵£ιʹҲ˳һ
Ȯһֱʦ̵ɽ֪ѵ壬ԸԸΪŵӣȮѾ꣬˺ء
ҼŮҲȱһڣ֪Ǳߣɷ
˸ѯ
Щ˵⣬ҲѾˣ޷ǱǼѾԲɣǰͶױӵܣΪԮ
˵ҵӵҪ£ڱķҲԣ統嶽͵һ㣬Ѱ洫ӣֻ龳ʿ壬ȵ壬֮ǰЩݣڣȴЩȲ˼ˡ
ԭˡ
ûзЩ˵ͣãĸǳҪ˲żˡ
ǣӦ
֮ȥ壬ҲʼһҸӵܵĸ
Щ˵ӵܵУпɿһõ˲ţѰ竣»Ҳͷۣǻ㡣˲ҲãҲգн֮ѭѭ֮˲ţӣµĶǾӢ
룬ǵԼ覷壬ɴȥһ⣬˵¡
˺ʱʱֵܵˣѯʵħõԼã֪һ̫ƽ£Ҳ
ʱī⼸նţչصʱ棬췢ش¼ʱʹǰȴϣҪȥʻ
ҳص飬Ҳͼλȵ̫ϳ֪̫ϳЭ̣ҹȥ
ȻЩͷԣǴ󷽷ȥˡ
ɽʹһƫ
һʿɷǵߣһԡ
Ȼƽ𣡡а
ЩߣƽϵãǾĹϵſԲ³̫ϳһε
ƽ̡еľȣɫִΪȴԲ²ЩٻԼǰԭ
ƽǬԪ˼ϴЦݣǿҫӢ䣬ȻףԲɡ
һҲûе棬ΪֱʱǬԪҲŸոʶȫǿס
ţǬԪȴʵ˵ʮǰ֣
ɵÿһ档
飬ûд汨ȥʱἰŻģ±
ž뢣֮󣬵Ǳı죬ŵλ߶跨½ȥѰңȴŴΪ޹Ψ֮ƣ»öЩӣܳȥת֮൳𣬱ؽȺףɢ
ǬԪһɵðͬ
ŵӱµİ壬ʵԶԶ磬躹ޣͼı죬ʵϣӰƣ죬ؽܹһӦŵĸ
һת֮ǹؼֻҪӣһ˰ˡ
ת֮ǰһţɱֶΣǲʿǾԳ֣а취ܿ
֮ǰʱī˵Ŵǲ׷ɱҶ죬ȴ׻ίʵżֲ˼飬ıԶ֮ʡ
ҪɱҪһ¹С
ƽ̵˼ǣҿԽѰҶ죬̽һ
ǬԪ˵֣һȻѰ㽻ִ֣֮䣬˽ضǵܱ˴˸Ӧɽҳ١
һٴξԭͻȻѰԼҲŽ䱸˼
ǬԪ⻰ȴʹԼҲӵ˸ӦĿܣν㲻㡣
Ϊ޷Ƴľڤ𣬲û뵽ʮ䣬ȫڤøΪԲɣ֮һ¾ãֻΪס
ǬԪԼ˴ڽԼĿ˵˳
ȻȥԸת
ԸתԣΪħְһġ
ԸתĿģֶΣҪܹԼʲô
ˣ֮󣬳ԥһ
ǬԪΪһ𣬼״΢ЦԵΪӵܣͳħãⱾ֮£ǵ£ҲӦãתһ֮ˣĥѣѾɳԲ֮ٸᣬ»һ
ˣŲֻɳ㵴ħãǻǲħɸһͬ£;һӦöȣȨϣ
˵ǬԪ֮⣬ʮ̫ϳһҪҳת֮ʱλ̫ϳһڻʹлὫһٲ
ԣ΢
ҲǬԪ˵˼ǵģ׷ɱתɣ֮ȵվͻƣǱһεø£ԲɶԴﵽˡ
һΣ¶ģһٲת
˰ţȷף֪嶼Щֿãʵ
ʱѾ֪ǲħ֣̫ϳһ˺ƴƣֻǴݾߵĻӣҪȥתӦΣʹת֮ڣضΣգɱ
Ҳתڱǰѣη׻ڣų̫ϳ϶κβһжϣҲѲˡ
ؼڣڰһ֮ˣ̫̫Сˣ޷Ըӣƽ׸ɱҲ̫ǿ̫ǿˣԤ֪֮
Ӷ׷ɱľƺӵһ似ΣӦ·ܹԤ֪һ㡣
ȥԼ½֮ˣôõѡ
ǬԪԵ㵴ħã׼ǧãؼаִ£ħãã޼ɹкִӣңнȣڤڤãйȡЩÿڡֶ֮ˣħ֮Уа棬ʹĵӣÿҲڰϣƣ˱֮ˡλ̫ϳϣǳ֮д첻һ֮Ų£ص̫ϳǵж谭㣬´Ǵеͳ֮Ȩ
ǬԪ˻е˼͸¶ӺյȨΪգ̫ϳϣ޷ֱָӣʮ·ŲҲĺ£Աһˣʹָ
һУֻΪ׷ɱһˣŹѪ


721 ׷
Щ֣ȷˡ˼Ƭ̣ڣӦԸ´Ρ
ίΣв٣ȡȨΪЧͣȻΪԼ
Ȼ֮ӺյȨһֱ֣ԣһʱɱĹͣҲմȨӴ˿Լһҡ
һõᣬˣѳž뢣޷Ϊл
뿪ͻȻһʶһƫ档
ΣһΣǲǸоЩͻȻ
ȷЩͻȻʵ
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ϵԣͷҩ԰ֱ֮ȣԼͨһǵĳǽĵأǴطΪƫƧЩһ·ͼֿһоˣʿһʱ벻ȥѰ
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Ҳ֪ԻʹʲôֶΣûɱҶ죬ȴαװѾɱξ𣬹޴ļ󣬻ЩλҲƭ˹ȥ
ͻȻʹ͵һٶвԣȻٴθܵҶϢʱʶˡ
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ɱǡ
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ĻɱЩ鱦ֵģޱش³һ֮ìǺɱˡ
İ·𱻼һĹоʧ
Ѱʿĥ飬¼ϰߣôԻֻᾪļȴ뷨ֻЩϧˣԽǴأͶ춦ġ
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Ի͵ѣѣǾұѵ棡ҵż𺧣ݱߣȻŭ
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ҵ𲢲ȷţܹʱӦӵģЩʿǣױòԻ𴩹
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ҶаЦ·һ㣬ĦžӨˮ֮Уȴû˿˵İ⣬ֻһƬĮȻı䡣
ΪԲʿȻİһѰɽҰĵģǷ֮˿صľɫƷòǴŮߵ츳
һ֮УŮеĴԣӵĴѪһ㣬Բͷ׵õ̳
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ѰԲߣӵ׳ɳ쾳Ǳ쾳֮󣬱ʿûˣʿ޶ɵ壬е츳ҲԶ
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Ҷ챻ʿŷգȻΪʿҲǸûг֮ˣЩ಻ס
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ҶҲܵ˾޴ΣһУԼڵ˳
һ濴ͨޱȵĽָȴƺ̲ܣöָļ¡¡ƺƵԪʱ춦г֣·һӣӿȵس˶ڵĿռ䡣
һԪ֮УҶ̤·Ūĺ񣬰Χ󣬶ʱ㱻һͻԪʴ
ʼ֮еԪ·޼ʣ޾춦Ͻһֲ̣ϵɡ
ɡ
ѭֻء
ǡҶرȻȫԼߣõͦ
ȻҲ֪ҶӵŹעرԭҲֻţȵҶ֮󣬽ȡȴû뵽Ҷ콫̱֮˵ı仯
ʴ֮ŨʱƾеĴҽս
Ҷ·ɴͳ˧У书߾ǿƥҶˣӲдȴŽ޾Ļԣüɱ֮ģʼնֻΧʴͣ
һ£ҶʱҲӦȻѾԼѹһ֮Уȴʱ޷ɱҵģ
ˣһҪᣬָΪţʲôȻӵ֮ŨԪֱߵȵĶ츣ػҪŨԲ϶ȡԪӿָ
һϲĴЦҶǿȵʿǿ꣬һ㣬ʱ㽫һ춦еԭʼԪץ
ǴޱȵԪ
·𼢶ǧĶͶ̥ؽһԪȥ
Կǲȱȫ֮ȻһԪ£±壬ƺҲһַӯԲ̡
ȻܹͨЩԭʼԪֲָ
ҵ춦УȻжСӵ꣬ǿ
һĻҲɵúȻ𾪡
ѰʿǱ춦Уͬϵ⣬ֻ׸Ҷ첻ûʧȥʶܹ춦еԭʼԪ˳
ǲ򵥡
Ҳû˿ңȻҶܹڵԪ춦ԪֻشȻڲͣת֮ͬеԴԴ
Ҷв֮£ԭʼԪûע⵽һ㣬ֻߣע⵽ˣһʱ֮䣬Ҳ⡣
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ʱڵͺޱ޼ʵĴԣȡһưˮӰ첻˴󺣷ֺ
ͬʱȡŶԷر㶼лĺô
ʱȥҶͻȻһԪ·һͻ磬ҵعζһĳ֣ϵķϰٵ֮࣬Ȼڶ̶̵ʱԪΪ֮ãӵһĻۡ
ⷨõͬʱϢҲͻȻһã˲㿱³ˣһԲ̡
Ȼﵽ˽𵤾硣
Ҵﵽ𵤾磬ԶԶļޣֻڵķһŤĳ鶯ѪԭɢһԻ
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κһѰʿǰ˿ֲΪֻ²Ƭʱ䣬Ѿ߻ħɢˣȻҶȴӲؼֱﵽͨ۷ƿһֲƽϢ
Ԫ
ҶЦ֮У˵ϲ
ԭܵص˺ûʱ䣬ָܻȴû뵽Ȼ漣
ڿ»ûйȥ죬ָ˲٣ν֮
Ȼܿ죬Ҷһϲľ㵡
ʲô㡭ʲôʱ򡭡
ͻȻ֣ѾޱȵĶڿռ䣬ڲ֪ʱԽޱ߼ˣŨԭʼԪ̲ʳȴûм٣ԽԽ࣬ŨÿԵγˮ
ƣȻøǿסĲл꣬һ˿
ҵʱ򡭡Ҷ죬ҪΪֻһ˲澳תǬô򵥾ģ
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Ҷ첻Ͻʳռ֮еʱƺҲûš
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ΪֻҪ߶춦еԪֻش󣬲ȥȡԣٶԶԶҶҪ졣
һ춦еĿռ䣬ƺֱࡣ
Ըо춦漫ƺΪҲԶ֮ңƷ˿춦Եʣ
ݴɽԴͷԶ֮ʱɵ۵ҳе춦Ҳǲضۣڣʤ֮
һϲط֣춦еٵƣһǳֲٶϵ飬ںϣڣһЩ쳣µı仯
Զ̣֮γԼṹ
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һֱ춦еĵƴ޸ǧ֮࣬ͣ
ʱƺѾ֮е̣ԭˣټȥҲֻڷָ档
ˣҲϲ⣬Ϊ춦һµõĺôǳܺ͡
ҴǺ춦еĵƻָͷ޸ԽԽˣǴﵽһƿǽΪ̵ԵʣȻ춦ҲһԶظ֮ܣվһͣյ֮ǰֻжǧһٵ֮ࡣ
ڣһ±ﵽǧ
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Ԫණȡħʬ̺Ŵı
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Ȼ߶ܣȵѾûüֵˣҶ죬ɣ
⼸ռѹƴͬ˿Ǻżɵ֮ȫ֣ٲҶһ˿һĻᡣ
Ҷ쾪ֵط֣ԼòײŻָͨķ糱ˮһ˻ȥеϵʴš
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Ҷһ˿ĿֲΣգɾش
飬ȫ߶춦ͬʱҲԼܼĴ붼ף˷֮УϧԪĵؼš
Ҷȴվǵֲٶȡ
ԭ㲻Ķ֣֮󣬸ޱȣ´ʱһָͨҲȻԶԶĶ֣

䣡
ϵĺ֮Уʱٹȥʮʮҹ
ѱƣҶ죬ںȻһըѪ⣬ӰҲ·ʧȥһ㣬һŻɵĹƮ޼ʵĶпռ䡣
Ҳάֲסı仯ױɢ
ߡѲҸòŽȫֻҪţŴñˣ
Щ죬Ҳûţһ·Ҷ죬ѹķһ·Ҳڴǽ磬ɽȥ
ʱĸ·һλصɽ
ʱŵƽǬԪˣԼҵˣλɹӵܱȻһڼɽ⡣
ո̤죬㱻ˡ
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ǬԪô˵ʱϲʵںüڿ԰ҲپˣȻ֮С
һҲ׶ЦԵο֮
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ڵ֮ǽҶｻ洦áԱߣһǾŴ֮һžѵ
ָģȻҶҶгеҪõģʧ
ǬԪ˵Ҫ̻ȥ档
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ҲһȥЩ㵡
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ʱӦӦǣ֮
Ǻã²˳٣ڱ߰ɡǬԪ˵תȥ
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ڸλ̫ϳϣɹ֮ϣƺһλǹͬηӵƽ̣ƽ̣һӦ֮ڵһУƺҪ֧ܵ䡣
˵Զɹһʱλž뢣̫ϳͳִƴȨĹ֮λ棬ɻʣޱȵ硣
ΪԼҶתǬԪ˱񣬵ȴû뵽Ȼܵõټ


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ƺɽĺĲλȺɽ£䣬ʱʱؿԸܵ嫵Ԫ糱γһƺ
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΢΢һ漴ӦǬԪԼҲȤðʣŵؿ֮Уʲôҵķ߹
֪ԼһץסҶ죬ܲ˵ģÿԳᣬ
ŴƣḻԴǰǻ۵Ľᾧʵû谭ֵһᣬΨһʣµΣգҲΣգٵ
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Լʱ˳ɽ
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һĪͻȻִԼǽ뵽һ֮УԪԼɽϷ
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Ǽ򵥵һͣ΢ޱȡ


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سϿΪѣ㽨Ȼȥú룬߽ҪʱȡŵĽͣûбҪ̱ȡݷڴˣԺٿ
ԣɵ룬ҲлѣǱԺ˵ɡ
ֻȡһɽȥ˵
صԼɽϵĸۡȥѯһ뻯صȴͻȻ뵽ᣬδرҪԼõ
ԼõĻδ̫˷ˣǿԿǿǣʦС
ѾﵽʿĶ壬ңѹػڶȹ׽٣ԣ뻯ضҶԣֻǽû̫ãʦԣܹ뻯һΣĻԵˣܹ˻龳
ͻȻ뵽ȥѯʣŸػصĳҲоΪѣƽһŵõ𸴡
ԤϣȻ׼ˡ


750 
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Щ˵ǰ֮Ȼ˲ʶ̧ٵңһж˳С
ȥŸ壬һˣѰʺϵĻ뻯ء
Ȼ˻ʼ̫ɽ
˽Ѿ飬ǻʵƷʣ൱ڵĵһء
ûмֱӾ֣ϸϸýӦĴ֮󣬷ͷ̽ѯ֪ԡ
ѹǬԪҪƼ˽ԭ澹Ȼ̺Զŵ̫׷󡣡
ʱ˽⵽̫ɽĺڣһӴַķ
ⷨ統춦ķռ䣬̺ɱĵܡ
һ·ȼգȴֳǵâ̺ĶײͬһΪ̫׵׷
̫ףû˵̲伮ضи֪
ûмżɽΪԣսɽõһɱ˲ҲһԵеķӺյȨá
ֻҪӵ˵ΪݣȻҲӵС
йܼңϢй̫׵Ϣ죬һҵʿŴ£һ¼
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Ϊ仰˼Ƿ˵Զһ׷붼йأѵָף۵Ķף
룬ûǼпܵģԴԼط֮ܵ˿ǰܹϢ
ֻϧԼԶħѪҲɵۺᣬټϣʱж̣һǳǧϹƾ춦ܹ֮ף൱֮ͨĳ̶ȣǷǳѵˡ
ٿȥߣһ
ǽ׷ã滹̸֪ļ׷ߵƷۡ
Ужףףף߲ʺסţԼһЩ򵥵Խܡ
Ҳ֣λ֪ԶˣЩ׷Ҳ֪֮٣統Ѱ³ʿеĸ־ûһһһ㣬֮
Ҳһ㣬ӹĵ伮û˭ܱ֤õģܴӺ̺ĵ伮֮УҵһЩõģҲ
ʮߣ̫סҵˡ
ԼѰңõⲿ伮ɱףȻҲ֮Ȼƪһι̫׵ļء
ԭ̫̫֮Զطط֮һ
ƺ֮أ俪طһЩ׵طԡ
ƶϳ̫طԼĶϵ̫ɽ̺̫ףԼո߲εĶס
ͨģֻǱֳͬѣοطƺвǳԨԴ
ǬԪҵı⣬ǽ̫ɽϤԣΪȹ׼ܽ壬ףչҲƫ̫Զ
ǬԪվ֪˶ףɼ̫ɽϤͬΪ˶Ƚٶ׼
ѾżǰҪҪȥôȥȫԼѡ
˼һ֮󣬾ǽ̫ףԼĶǬԪԭΪǰ㣬̫Ϥԡ
ԵĻѾϤˣƾɽʹöϲ¥ȴǸջ
ѾܹԦףһǽף׽Ϊȴ
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Ҳ˵ѾתĶ飬ֽɽ棬Լŵ뢣Ҳ˵塣
νǣֻᣬԴ

̫ɽ֮Уֳ̺ɵ̫ףңΪͷõ޸ֻҪõԴԴϵģ൱ڳһλ׷ĵߣʱ̣ѯʡ
ֻϧλ֡ޣٿ׷ҲƾѪ˵Ǳ츳û̫ľϿԴڡ
ޣҲһ׮ôǱɽһ㽫ƾڲûƢ
ֻҪܵԷǳ˽һˣ˵Ǽ߼ֵ
ѹУʿԸ⹩ԶŵǵƵķȻߺôҲĶ࣬ȴûвϳ˹Ŀܡ
ʱҲһЩ󣬸Խ̡
һɣﵽ˵ΣӦҪѲ̵ʱգ׵ķϤҵĴڣҵķ˱ܺ޲˳ˡ
ʱѾ̫ɽ˽ңȱɽǽ÷Լ֮Уͷʶ̽ѯ
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͵ķ̺һ˿ϢȻҲǾ֮ˣرܡ
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ǰĸ֮أԼպ磬Ҳȫ²ܣĸҲãҲգһܹʤΣֻʦ׽֮ˣдʸ
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ŷͣӵһν뻯صĻᣬˣС
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ҲŵӣȻ֪ѰӵҪý뻯صĻᣬжѡ
뻯أųĵӣеĻᣬҳô˺صĽͣ
ЦȻд󹦡
ҲԼ֮¸ࡣ
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Ƿ־أ˴˴ѶΪ㣬֮پһЩ޳ĻͲˡο
ǣβԼ뻯أȻֻгΪѾûбҪٽˡ
֪һ֮ԣĲںΪܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȣƿۣгˣѾ൱㹻ˣʿа˰٣Ҳһ㣬ػŵĿ
ۻҲãĵرҲգûõģϣϣҲý˻ϳˡ
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ȻԶһ񷨣ǼŮĵĸȨǣТվԼģ׵ĻҵҲЩŮȥ̳У֮еȨλˡ
ӵеŮʵڵŮФǱ㵱ɷ˸ٵȵճҲʮѣΪʿҲȫȵ
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룬ΪŮǵĻΪбҪһѰ֮ҩ£ʵˣʿһֵطУŵֶΣӦЩЧ
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һ֮УҲûţÿճĹɽ̫طȻһʱûдﵽշɽĳ̶ȣҲ쳣Ϥˡ
Ѿѱ̺꣬벽ɱ䡣
Բʿһ㣬˼쳣ѡ
޳ɰ벽֮мʧ֮еԣһ٣ֻܿ»ָԴﵽƽ״̬СҲ⡣
ѹֻ٣ϾǱ书һۣ˶꣬ɾֶΡ
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֮ǰδɣ̽ױ㱻ˣҲգң㲻ܴеõĺôϤʣǿģձԼܵ˲ٵ˳Ѹ࣬ƶɵҲƶһӵеԡ
ڼ䣬ʱҲ½ѾúŸõʿһж׵ûٳκβʱشĴΡ
壬ûеɽ˼ɾǺú֮ãͬʱϻҲƺƷһ˿Ծ
ǲʲô£
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˵Сʤ»飬ֵñκʱ̶Ҫŵħ񣬺úõһʱ䣬ȷʵЩԡ
ʣʲôȴµõǸǵĴ𰸣ԥãڻ̽˳
ҡ׼ʮƹȽ١
΢̾һࡣ
ʮʱ䣬㹻ŮŮɲģҲ㹻ӭȢСŮźһСȻ׼̤׷Ѱļյ·
һȥɹʣʴˣҪϧʱĹ
Ƚ٣
͵شʣҲסɫһס
ǵ飬Ȼˡ


751 ƼͶЧ
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һعˣǧŬҪɿգеļ裬˥裬ú塣
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֮ʿҪ׸ԣٵǿ֮Զֽյ֮Ҫǿ󣬸ӹĪ⣬ˣֻʿȽ٣㼸޿ɱˡ
Ҷ֪֮֮٣ɲ붯ŵľΪ㻤һ
ҡͷⲻܣҲǲҲմȾ˼ģ˵ÿһλ뢶Ƚ֮ʱһ˻ãȽ֮ǱʧȥĻ֣˿٣롣
ٵĽٷʽǳأʿŵĻɽǰʿž뢣֮ӳ֣ʼնֻƿЩҪȽ֮ˡ
ǿиţ취֮ɣŸŵ󣬵ʱҪ˵Ƚ֮ˣǿлֶȽ֮ˣеĵ뢣ҷ𣬾ĵ
ǿԽǿ
ٵһԡ
ԣ֮飬С۶Ծ뢣رĵرˡ
ˣܿҲ뵽ȷԼˡ
ַܳɹȽٵĻӴ󣬸˱뢵
֮У磬ܹľҲǧ֮Բһÿһλ뢣һĴ棬츳ˣǳ󼰵ġ
Ԫľ𣬵Ψ֮ǻҷˣԼҲ󣬵һЩرԶȽãĳЩСıֻߣԴԴΪʿṩԪֳ淨ı
⻹ǡֲãԹഫһڽӡΪʲôҪȽٲɣҲѾԲʿֻҪطԷӡΪά״ȽٵǧգԵ
֮УȷձڷӡΪӱٵʿʿ඼ԲԼԲ۷֣ͬе
ѾԲɵʿֻҪ״ܹȻƽƽ
дʣǵΪʲôҪ޵
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͵죬ΣԲȣȴ޼ģֻн죬ܰ׷˵ţӵа˰Ԫңֻнܰž֮С
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̾ǲףΪˣүү㣬Ҳ㣬Ϊһ翵ĵ񡭡
У޳Բɼֹǰźܶ࣬ս˵ͬ࣬嶶ˣȴͬѡ˺ߵĵ·ããֹ
üͷʱֿԵĸоչ鲻ɽҰ޸ԵĻû˵
֪вʹ죬ҲԼѾﵽʿľͷٽһǷۣʱٽ٣Ǽллҵδȣܷһ̶Գһ
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ܵԪƣܹԲɵʿ»ʮϣɼʱҴң£ʿѶԸĴС
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ʱһЩһҲ޷дԽ̡
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֮һ˱һ˰ˣһмҵƾڵݣҪΪһСҲѣû֧żҵĺά֡
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Ĵڣһ壬֮󣬳ΪĶ沢رɫǰ˴µĻҲسɣȵŵһֱాŵҵ˥ܣҲάǧˡ
ĺǿ壬Ҳάǧʱ䣬Ѿ޺

Ҷһ֮Ŷ֮У֮еİ壬Էǿࡣ
˶ԣⷴǸᣬһļ壬ֻҪǰ޹ϸģ඼õã̶ܴϹϷԭʾɵȨ
ڴµȨȻҲĺôᡣ
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һǰӽƿصħãһ棬ҲǽԼŲ뵽֮УŵȨͱֲڵħãֻһ˽
ܳɣҲԴ壬Լĵϵһ㣬뵴ħãǰʱ䣬ʹ֮λȻͬ
ħʹ֮λ̶ܴ϶ʷȨѣܽλôˣϣҲҪɰȴǸӹ֮⣬½ȡޣҲǶ˹תΪԼҳеѡ
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֮֮ҪӵħѡתΪǲŵӣĵӣһ㶼ƽӹųͷȴֿλϽ֮ĵˡ
ĵӣԽʿ³˵ӾӶ࣬ȻҲһЩΪԭ־龳֡
£Ϊܶ඼Ҫ
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ʱѾˣǰѡִ£⣬ִ֮ʱʶһЩѣҲһȥɡ
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Լһ׹͸飬ѵľ飬ʹƱ𣬹ԡ
¹ؼ˥᲻£
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˾ǷŭҲã㹻ǿƵĻҲ޿κΣֻܹܡ
ܺãǿϸ̸һЩϸڡ


752 ϲ
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ȻУڴ֮ǰҪһ顣ǬԪɫأЩ֮Уе뢵Ĵڣһʿ֣Ĵ½ἫΪΣա


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Ĵʦɵĳɹᣡ
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⻰˵ɣȴһʻҵķٲʢɲһģ
ͯԵˣҪԼѵʿطһҪڷϰŵ׼깩Աʱ֮裬Ǳָҩƶѵԡ
һ㣬ҲΪؼģɳɿ֮ˣƼҵʦԴżգֱܹеţǳɹ
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ҵȻ֪ҲֻһǴ޵еĻۡ;ҪĿﻹ֧֡
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ʿȻЧ׿ҲһʱǮеʱѾӵ㾡ҲƵľġ
һҪʿ֯Żļҵס
Լһǧҵ
˵գƱʱ뿪԰ȥˡ
Ҳ֪ش˶ҵ

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ЩĻ£ڲҪ粨ˡ
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£ҲЩΪѣȻѾӦҲãοʾԼ͵ʱ̣ǲУ˱ִ£ʾԼֶˡ
˼ǾʱӦһӰ֮£Ҳʱظţݾߡ
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ƺҲǲΣǺӰ֮ʧһʱ䣬ٴγ֡
ע⵽ÿ֮ʱѸٲʳһžŻȻַɿʧ
׳
˾ٿƴ󵨵˼㣬Ȼŵĺ֮ڶ뢵Ƥ飬Ҳ֪ӰãžǸû뵽Ŵ˹ȥûбκ˷֡

ʱѭŲӡĸӦϡԲźӰʵҲѸţңȡŵԪԽԽ޼ɵ
ǵ׸е󡣡
һ㣬Ц
֮Բ̽ҷӰĴڣȻҪҪЩʲôһ棬ҲǴ벶ȸں˼
ӰʲôչһҪģֻǡʱĴڣǬԪˡ
ֹһʱգмӰĶȴͻȻ֣Ӱƺﵽĳؼƿ֮ٳݷˡ
ѵ˽Բֻ֮ߣҪȽ٣
룬ǰ߼пܡ
УӰ߳ϵĿܣҶҶ챾ԲҪָʵȻѣҲܱѰʿü򵥣ңȡԪԴԴϣһֱñ
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ݲĵҵȱ仯ġѾϳԼݣԻҲΣڷңʱԽҸ淢ѵͲ֪ѵԭ򣬲֪ǰ㽫Ҹ淢ˣ֪ˣ㽫Զŵ߹ǽվҲѲΪµ
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ⲢʩչʲôǵȴȻĶˡ
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ȿȿȿȡȡ

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ʲôȻǸŮĻȥˣԣϲһ˿Źֵɫ漴һ䣬Сӣ
ԴǸ֮ŮɱҲΪ˺Ž׳Ĺӣ棬ȣʱĸ׹˼꣬ȢӣϿСߡȴˡ
Ȼû竵ӣҲ֣ѧϡƽòײϺ鵤İ֮⾳ٶȽңңڡ
ٸеЩʧָСҲǸţʮǰܴﵽأȻԼϧΪѰ鵤лϳˣԲǽʮǰԲɣгɾһ߻ᡣ
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Ϊ¾ŶŨ飬ڱ˴ˣ֪֪ס
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ֻһۣ֪Ǹͨмּ̳Լ֮ĸ׵Ĺ⣬ϾӰļ̳УګȻɷб𡭡Ҳΰ
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ڶǻƵ۰ɣֻûеۻʣһĹȡа
ูлûгĵӵ֣Ϊӣܵע⣬ֺǰ̶ѰźˣҲ㣬ԼľӪİ̳С
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Ϊ˳һֱûʽǻƵۣķ֮£·ƣɽ֣ûҵ
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һ꣬ƼҵĹϵֶ޷ϴԣͷƺߣǰѾȣڷȱıǾ飬Ҫ󵹲Ǻܸߡ
µһˣֻɰʿҲֵõġԵԺˣʢУȻȱǵԸͶڴ˵

˵Σڴ֮ӿ֣ʱ򣬷䷱٣СҵӵܣƾΪ׬ȡʯΪԵʣ²ҪϴԣͷƶҲԿƣԴЩ˵ѡʿͳ졣
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Ϊ˱ڼغޣͬʱҲΪ˷ӹɳԭԼһЩĵر
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ʿԣǷ֣ټ֮һӰ˵ǲѣڵ֮ңԸŷҪֲգ˲š
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Լܷɾ͵ܷһڣһǽǼҵҪһνǲġ

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һ򲽣Ϊձŷ֣ΣҲһδ졯ѣֻҪûг棬صأı֣ͼı֪̽δ죬ұȫͻƵΪʿͬŵһλ뢣
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ʱĲԻ𣬸ûлֹֻ̽С޶һΪѾŵС
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ԵġߣļģԵģʲôµģΥģУ½ҲδرǱɵľ档
ٱ㼫Ѷȹټһؽˣ㵱ҵĿ飬кξ֮У
а˼һδȫܹ⣬Ҳһж֮УȻѾǽȥúôԴڻкβΪ
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759 ѳ
һƬɵ֮С
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ʱѾȥһԪӯˣ߻ӡ֮һЩ;Ĺ»ҰҲò˶٣ҪʱҵĻԶԶȲǰĲԻ
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ЩǷܾ֮󣬾ǸʩչͨڵףɢӿеֱӷããĶпռȥһ·ϣǴҺǷɿڣ֮С


761 ޱ
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Щɢڶеľ֣ɲ֮ǰ춦̵·
Ԫͨ飬ɽ죬Ϊ춦̺Щص̣ԻΪǵҲΪ棬ɻǣΪʲôı仯
϶ŵйأ֮еһССٶȻ˵ĺ
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ݱ䵽һӿ춦еȻ־֣ʱ㷢֣Щˡ
Щӿ춦Уֱ춦϶Ѱ֮ͨһԼȥǰδ쳣ı
ҪǣЩԴԴϵشĵطӿϵ춦ڲĿռ䣬Ӿţ顣
ЩͨԪ֮ľ֣õ֤ǰ춦ӣҲܹıΪԭʼԪȴûı仯
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ԼȡԼΪ൱ŵĸ
ǱֵĻֻҲҪǻ
ո뵽ֲͷݺ

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δҲû˲ŵ˼õȻǺãҲֻ÷УδҲûеһţ֪Լǿȥ֮˼
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ԼˣһʼԼ֣ȻҲںˡ

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統ٳϵ棬˽ﴫ̸ۣƳһʱҲˣٳϵĽ飬ʵҲû֮Ը޳׳ǿԼ̫õϴĻᣬó顣
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ӿڤ磬ɵðü
Ҳ֪ΪܲѰʿԴԽ磬Ųô챻Լгʱ̽Ѱܣټϣֽŵעⶼѱ֮ˣҲྫţʱע⵽
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⻰˵û뵱ǴҲǻʶӢۣѡ˷Ϊһ׮ԵˣһֱԴĻ

Щ˵лĹ²ûע⵽⴦Զĵطʱߣңңߡ
ЩūǷǣǿɶҪҪ˰ץʱɫ΢ʵ
΢΢һЦʱ⣬α棬Щ㲻ʲôܣҲûв˼ɵȥɡ
ʱô˵Щɣ뵽ȷʲô£ȻԼƽϣǱҲˡ
ԶԶЩҽͷŹһۣջĿ⡣
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ӦҶˣϵſͣûʲôѡģʦҵأټȽŵĴ֣Ӧִ֣¶ҲǸĻˣʦ㲻͡
ڵ𡭡㵽Ϊֹ˰ɣҪôϲÿǱ㲻ˡ
˼һϵſͣʹӣ󲿷ֶ壬壬Ӧ¶ĻԶɾԶ֮ҲһļլڶʱѡͶĶ
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ٹ⼸죬Ҳõӭˣʱ⣬ıͺһӦǳ̣𣿡
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νҪĲٶһˣ׷Ҷʱ򣬽ʶħ֣²ʲôССŮӣ޸Ҳ檣ˣЩ˶ڳϯ
ʱֵħ÷׵ĲҲǲǧִ¶׳ơ
εĻ񶯾СŮǰƴֵĺţȻܶ棬ˣЩִ¼壬СҲġ
ҲʮλԲʿ龳ʿ壬ոոյִ
֪ˣ֪ͨǷֺøԸ񣬼ٽĪҪ˷ִ硣

ŻڵٽһȺſͺʿӭ֮ǰ
ļαҲϲ½٣һжɵؽС
һεĻ£ԱϴҪ¡صö࣬еҲΪȵӭ£Ȱǧ⺣ߵȺʱѾ˵ڶӭ֮ڡ
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½𶥺ؼҺƽ峤֮һԣ鱦ټΪ񣬹ϲ¹ϲԵ
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¹ʦʦȹ֮Ϭһͷ鵤ʮ¯ǧ򡣡
ƱƼ鱦ټ֥һ˫ǧ򡣡
·Ƿҷڡ

οˣЩħҴ壬Ͱ͵ظŸ񡣡
ǰصľħҴ壬ٴδwһ磬չȣݣ֮صˣид
ʲôСǸߡһͽ
͵ĺҲƣȻ鱦鵤֮඼г֮ļֵҲǧڡ
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ǶѰгʿҲǴֱˣϾǳǮԴҲǳޣڱƻ߳Ĵ衣
粻ɵðЦЩһС͵ðںʲôûΪ˾ٰⳡ񣬸öҲСƩЩƣһֵǧö񣬲ʲô˶õģڱˣиʣ鵤ҲǼڣͻ͵Ҳ
ЩѶ֣׳԰׺ȵĸɢޣħӣ˵
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˵һЩֵʿλ֮Уļα٣Ҳ֮Щˣ嵹òܣչҪ˼ϲգñֵþǧ֮⡣
صģڹ磬ּϲƺȡ
ȻЩ֮ͣҲϯһʼкˣɷ֮ͬЩĺΪҵηɢ޶ԣ׳԰׺ְãҲ˿ռ
Цǻ˵ЩɢͣԵ֣Ҳвϵ̨ӦǸֳûǰ֪̽ĵϸΪԺͶЧһ

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Ϊͷ⵹Ҳǡ漴кԼĵӣȣҾһ㣬Ժһϵأûùӿ㡣
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ʱʮ⣬յĶ飬ƺƵй
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ʱεĸȴͻȻһŮޣ֪ʱ˵Ŀԡ


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ϣ˰ɡһ
ԼԼңŮĻ¶ûҲŮ
ܲˣ֮Ǽ̱


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Լǲ۵СΪʥŮʶҲ䣬ֻе˴ʱűأõμӸۻĻᡣ
ټϣԼ壬ȷһĹؿڣһɷչΪҴĸ֮УöȣҪ̻ᣬҲȻ׾ܾ
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˵ͷŰʥŮصСųȥʧҹɫС

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ЩƷƷ֮⣬ǽɽżӹ̽衣
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ʵ٤̻бףҲǼһû߻˵壬֮䣬ҪĲֻǺô뻵пǵģȴЩԼãЩԼá
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ŲᱻͷɱΣӶжϡ
ǿɲǿֶҲһļƣŰȡĲּױһ˲Լܳľ󲿷ֻˣνؽ
ҪѡǡʱѰ壬ҪӭõķչΪ˰ȫпҪչͷչĿˣȫӦò⣬ҲʿԵ޹ȥƻչʣйؼЩ̣Ǳ׼ġ
ǣҲҪԴӷھ˲ţҵӵȱһȱ֮ˣ跨ΪʿǷ±еһռ塣
Ҫ˲ţҪзչǱ˲ţҪеҩĵرЩҪ׼ģΪܹ챸룬Ҳٻʱȥˣһǰμ򱦴Ļ
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ΰʥŮڴϳ֣ѡʱټϣ˽ҪѰ˼ȻڵǴﶦʢ߰ٶԪҲòΪԼȥ֮һЩš
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˱һһ߿ţʮ˵Ķ飬·˲Ŀ

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Щ඼챦֣Ҳ򱦴֮һ£ټϰ¶ԴҲȤȥˡ
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⻹ʳ֮ζ֮ϧ¶ҪЩȻеǮЩƸҲǴģʡ£ںʵĵطΪá¶һԾԾԵģæֹ
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ֻ˵ãţԴúԼ¶ϵġ
ģһġЦ


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ⷿУдľˮѷĿǽ壬ʿǼʿȻΪ⣬ֻڶ棬ЦԵħʵУҴ¶ħԣҲһ׮£ǲ֪ħûȤ
ϻ˵ûȤͰ͵Ѫħ죬ʲô£
ʿһЦȴѹ֪һʿ


772 Ͳ
ȵѪħʿ˵飬۾
ʢɵйôһĽӶ
Ѫħ𣬱ǿŽӷңһеģȻҲûͨʿһԸŴ󻧵ľη֮ģеֻǱĺۺ죬ʿ˵һУҲֻע⵽ҲƣѾٸԳһңͨʿҲԻõĳɾ͡
ڵѣ˼ǣǺ
ħһǧѷĴʱ֪٤̻Ṻ˼ֵڵıȵȥҪ⣬ղˣ죬̾ᣬѴ룬㴳ȥˣҲĻɽ󣬷Ͽ䣬ǻȥ·ϳֻ֣ҪԸеһˡ
Ѫħʿô˵ҲԸһȺʿȻп϶Ҳи֣ϾǿҪ׵öࡣ
Ѫħǹ˼һ󣬷ŵǵ˼ǣҪҴȷ棬̽ĵ̣ԷϾҲԲʿһſӣҪܵΣ̫ˣԷֲС
ʿЦݽסˣɫЩѿħɲɣԷ֣൱˴ͷЩһҲܶԸջʥ̳˳
ѪħЦʥȥܷ̽£Ҫʲô
ʿԥãҧⲻܣֻܸһɡ
ѪħЦĪΪһɱܴҲɣҪʲô֪ɢޣ۴³벻ɣºضŵͨ׷ɱʧȥĵرĻᣬпܱȱչذܷ꣬ͷûϣǾƲġ
̬ȷǳʿʱ֪һЩô̸£ǵǱһ塭
Ѫħ̵壡
ħʿѹŭһɣٶˡ
ڵѣҿ㻹ɣҿѪħЦʿ̷һּۻ۷ǳ
ħҶΪƣαˣҲλԲ޽֣һ˱ռ壬Էڰʿ˵
Ѫħô˵ɫ΢䣺ôڵѣĪвҲɣ
ħˣҲûб˼ֻǸһʵѣǺβһһ̺Ҫ֪εĻɲʱеģʥҲǶãŷôһ͵ķ򡣡
ѪħɵóҲܵ˸ʿļԼãǶԷĵˣʵڱĳɣҲȷʨӴ󿪿ڣûܹʵ֡

˸˼ּۻһʿԸѪħã²ΪһѣҰ뿪һƬԶ߸߷ɣ֮⣬Ҳᰲˡ
Ѫħ˼ȻԼֻõ壬ҲѾһʷľˣҶԷô׺ŪˣǱ̫ˣҲΪǱ˵ͷҲգǱɣҳ˵ǰͷǵϢ׼ȷҿҪһ֮κκԼ𡣡
Ȼʿ˵
ıһö;̽Լֵϸڡ
ʿң˺úдλѪħԼصһطĸӭǰʦˡ
֪ˡʿ˵漴ȥǺ档
Ǻǣ֣ˣ˵ǸѪħ˿дӦǵļȷ棬ȥ̽ĵϸҲһΪԲ磬ɲĴʿʿеʵ
ַģѾ̸ˣѪħӦ뿪ұ㶯֡
ȻĴӦˣɲʲô׶ԸͨʿӹһĨ棬ƺԴҲеЩ⡣
ʿЦʲôɴӦģѪħħ棬һ޿ɢ޶ѣĵϸֻΪͨ½ޡ
һȡ˲ٺôɣ²
纫ԣһ۱ʨӴ󿪿ڣȻҪĳɣʿ֮͸żֲȻҲܲѪħ
ĳɣ澪̾һ̾Ҳ룬˵óڣôɴ԰뿪ã
֮䣬м֮⡣
ʵٳɶνħУֻڣпݹǶѣɣΪ˲ģּۻһô
ʿ˵вɵҲ¶һ˿⡣
Ѫħûʲô˼ѪħȻҲһλСɢޣţʥ̣ħڣ̻ЩȻԣʵ̫Сˣ壬ӵһǧſͣҲ԰
Щɢޣ׹ҲᱻʦһػߣǶԣȴ㲻ʲô
ô˵Ҳûʲôףֻʵ֣оó
Ӧó˵׻мֱģҪȻҲһֱңǿ򿪾棬ãҲ̽ĵϸ
СģλѪħɣǵļƻй¶ȥ
ʿЦģѾǲ㹻ֿסѪħκ춯ӲҵĶĿ
ô˵治ص˵ͷλǱߣҲѾϣǶѽӵԸ綴츽ǵȴʱˡ
࣬һ죬ʱҲѾص˸ۡʱոյõ޵ķ𣬼̱˹ʾл⡣
Ȼ޼ֵǧ򣬶ԣҲʲôر޴Ŀܰ£Ҳ˸顣
Ҳ֪䲻Ե޹ʵĽãίرѯ֮⡣
񱾾Ϊ˰£ãἰԼ˼
һλʦ
Ҫ󣬷ɳ
壬ȱʦʦ棬Ѿ˺ʵѡȫ࣬ӦԳ£ûܳɾʦҲ԰õԶشˡ
Ŀ֮еѡۺΣۺεԶشڴ仧һǱģԼĺΪʦۺԼۺӵܣпܣͳһλЧĵʦ
棬ǷȱˣϣˮƽߵģҲֻһЩ³˷ѣڸոŵˮƽ
ԳʦֻѰʿ֮࣬£һԴΪ
鵤󱦣ȷӦ뱸Щĸ֡ɵ˵ͷԴҲЩ˽⣬ʵ̬Ҳܹᡣ
Ҵ㹩һλغɿֿʦ֣ʲô˵λ׹ǽԵҶԸ⾡㡣
ʿԸ޷Ǳǽ޵ʵûǱˣ㰲ҵˣ˳ԪͷʿԸ仯׳뷲˽Ϊޣֻ߿ɣͽҪչԼļСˡ
ҵʶôλ˵ʦҲ޷ȷǷͶЧ˼Դԥ˿
𲻱ػԣҲַ֪ʱʲôŴ󻧣λʦ»ǷǳԸ仧ҵĳ⣬ΪͨһԱǡæ˵ͬʱҲο𣬡벻ɣκԹԡ
üͷ΢û뵽Ͻ̬ŵ֮͡
ʵʱԲޣҲһߣЩʦ඼ֻ龳ʿΪߣ񾳵ģֻڴ˵ռΪűΪʦ
ԳԸڳŵ̬ΪԭԵͶЧҲ·϶
ˣҲá
ڴˣǵǺðɣȻˣҲһԡ
ϲͷˡ
أʵЩѣҲֻǷ֮ҴȥŸѯһǣˣҲˣ٤̻ıϣΪ̻ЧͣղײգΣ˵
ʶˣǳһڵĵطԶҲһȻԶǡɾмʶ̻ᡣ
Щ⣺ⱦϣ
٤̻ᾭӶЩӵһ֮ʦ㲻صģǴֻʱܹͶѣûͶЧڴˣԣҲǿһ֡
ˣ÷ȥ

֮󣬷ȻЩˣеЩʧǣЩʦˮ׼ʿѱ̻ṩðݷǷߣ𾴵𾴣ҲûмЧ͵˼
һ̸۵Щ˵¸߰˵ȥ飬ȴɫ
ʵ𣬲ҵȲԸȥ壬ʵǡ˶Щ֪ݲźð
֣ʲôݵģ᲻ͷһȴǸ֣һ͵˫޴󷨣벻Щ̻Ůޣһʱᣬ벻ˡ
ڱ̻˱˼ԶŵţڼӽޣԺвǲǿΪЧһͶЧڹ£ֻ¡󷽱㡣
һˬ֣Դ֮Բ뿪ԭ
ԭҲˡ
Щˣ඼ǰƽ֣öܺãѵõɣ֮£ɲνףȴûзȥɵɡ
ֻͨô󷽵޷λʦڰæ֮һˣףʲôֻԺлλֽ̣ߣʲô˻߸ͽһм
ˣ˳ʵ⣬ҵɲҷģлᣬҵһæġ
˶ס
Ƿ棬Ȼ
ϵܣ˵ʵ壬ȱЩ˵ĶʲôԶش䣬ıģ׶ˡ
Щ뿪֮󣬷Ȼض˵
ЩˣøԣޱȣֵλߣԲʿǰƽƽҲѰӻǸȤĶ֮⣬ʵûʲôġ
ҲˡЦѡ
һɢޣҪױܴĿģ˵ףΪϡΪһ㣬˲ͬϡȱĹء
Ĵʦ֣λδؾͱԲֵ£ȻѰֻɱɱûкɨķľʵʵá
Щش䣬Ѱһ츳ЩʲôЩ̾ⲻҲõǵط𣿡
𲻾Цɡ壬ɣҲ֮ԵɺϣӵЩģöһܽ
ǽãһķƣ޸ҲԽǼõģܲ޷á
û뵽ˣΪﱼҲļ޲һ˽е⣬ɡ
˵ͷҲ֪ԼЩļˣһҵ
һ£Ƿ֪ģǱʮҪȥȽ٣ѰԵڱߣԺ뱼Ҳûлˡ
ڣôƽķһ


773 
ԴЩ⣬̫࿪ٸЩ죬Ҳֻ֮ܿܿеһԱƺûʲôġ
ʱ޷⣬Ҳֻ÷
λʦ޹֮󣬷Ҳνˡ
Ҳ֪ԼĽֹڴ˴Ҳû̫л֮뿪
ˣѯʵ
ûջ񣬲ʶ˼λʦҲǸõĿʼвʶ˻ѣǴ򿪾档˵
ҪżɡȰ֮ɣڻۣ飬ƽջ۰ɵġ
˵ͷʾס
Ϊһ֮飬ԼһңȫͬˣѰʿ棬֮Ҫķˡ
ʵҲѡȫפ㲻ǰһλԲʿĳɾͣʱĵλԼŵǰ;ȫƫ硣
һλʦ˼ѣҲоĪΡ
ҲǲԽЩ齻ȥڣԼ֣̫ƽɢɱãһ΢пǧһɥ
ԼַףԼԴͷΣ
ֹ˼գ˱㿪ʼʰװ׼ȥˣڴ֮ǰ򱦴ཻ״Ҳ½ʥŮǰһ٤̻󻤷Ľȥۡ
ĿоЩ֣ʥŮһλΪڵľ뢣Լ޽顣
룬Ҳ£ֻѰķ룬ʾֻл֮⣬ڴ֮䣬ҲʶһЩߡʥŮ⼸ʰĽ飬ҲһֱڹעȻ֪˿ʲô
ȻĶ𣿸ߣ⵹Ҳұȥʶʶλѡ
Բ֮󣬲⣬һЩʿãҲǸͷ֮ȥһ㣬ϵá
ǣȥ֮

綴⣬ããУһĨ΢Ĺâӹ·޵ɴƮ
һƬУϡмӰ֣ɲ֮֮⣬޵ķһ˿ҲɢӰ٣·̱紵ȥ
һͷַӣͻأ֮󣬳еһȻӰһƯϵľʯС
λͷַӣħ֮С˳Ѫħɢޡ
ѪħʯϺ󣬱ڵȺʲôһ㣬ﲻ֮ԶһϢƿնͨһһŲƴ󷨣ǰ
ʮͨͨ۷ʿһ֮࣬Ŀ׹⡣
Уӵģ
һԲʿͺһͷ¶׳ͺϣСţ·һЦеģǰȴʮ˿ȭͷСѪɫͷԵ쳣ɲ
һԲʿִȣ˹װ磬ͷڽ֮£ȴѰòĿͻëĽʬ
һëǣĿĴ󺺣ִһм˵ģִ߽ĸ첲ȴʾѰʿ£ҲëĿţһ޴ɵģץһֵĳΧŲ֪ƤëɵĶȹ
Ѫ­ʦʩţͨʥλȻˣǼʱϵˡ
Щǧٹ֣ڳ˵ʿ֣Ѫħû¶˿ȣȴһ㣬Ц
ħ٣ҵɲǴѪɫͷķʺУѪ­ʦԲǺһЦС۾һѷļѹ֮£Ҫʧˡ
һģëʬȴħҵǰʲô򣿡
ѪħȻһЦλǰΪһ׮лҲ˵ˣ֪λʮ˲
ħ룬ȻˣԷǺηʥȻֵħʦڣʩŵëʬһͻӹһĨ⣬ʵ
⣬ѪħȻ׼½һߣǴʿ
漴㽫Լӱ˿лõϢЩˡ
½ޣԲɣߣ
ϢΪԲµʿû˿⣬ȴһȤģ
Ѫħλߣ¸ƣ޾һȵ½ޣһĻᣬλô˻׬һʡ
Ȼħ飬ҵȻ岻ݴǣΪģΪǽ飬Ҳħ°ɡ֪Σ߿ʲôˣλ뢣ȨΡʩһϸģѯʡ
ЩɽͷԳɢޣħ֮𣬵֮ʱҲȫ·Ҫɱ˶ᱦ֮ǰҲԷʲô˵Ĵ֮ҷ
˵½ԲɲãʵѾĶˣ½ʿһ㶼ζŸ̫οΪ޵ýҲЩ꣬ʱ׼ȽϹһٱڸУɵĵλԶЩѹ͵һʿ
ȻЩҲʧЧʱ򣬵ԣȴûдġ
ѪħϵǻдһʣҲûԼյĸʿе֪˵˳ʱ򣬲ûʵԼЩ˵Ľ׽ֻǵǺһ׮һУչȥϹضԷ֡
֪ԶԼ˵Ҫö࣬Щ˵ģҲѰԲɴʿʵ
һ㣬Ϊŵħݣֻ˵ѰųϻԵɺϽ
Ѫħô˵ԽĶҲ֪һ׮Ҫ㡣
ʵȨĳϣΣѰʿбϵģǰӵ˿䣬ʿ޵ʲôķϰĹԶȺߴ󣬶ߣ¾ɱ֮սǿչûдﵽҲȻ֮µϡ
ѰϳʿܻẦҶԲʿǵвֺξ֮УοԼһȺɱ˶ᱦ˵ģǵͷѪӣν֮ͽ
Щ÷ʷʰװ׵ķνšһ·Բɣ»ûʲôۡ
ˣ֮սľӦò̫ѶԸ
ƺС
ԲʿһվѪħһεĺ
ѪħЦԵҲǵһ֣Ļ㲻˵˰ɣ֮ڣǱ;˴ڴ˲޵ɽһ򾡡
ħҪǣҵȻֻ֪ħܹȷǻӴ˾
ǵȻһȺУֻԼʮѰʿûдﵽԲģѰŲƵĴͨôʩչ˵ҲǷ綴֮䣬ŲƷıؾ֮;£޹ƹ
ȻˣǱôˡ
˺ϼһܿҲһֵ³̣ڴ˲÷ֻҪ;Լʱ
ɢӱΪ֮ãҲԶԸԲʿӡ
ѪħżԾԾԵģҲǰЦ˼漴Ǹȥ׼ˡ
һȺΪԲʿô׶ԸģڵǱߣҲвʵ֮ƭңҰװûô򵥡
ʿ֪û¶˿Ѫħȴƾŷḻľ˲ǮƲô׬ܵϼС
Ѫħ⣬ܹɹǱʾ޲Զ߸߷ɣҲĵ
ȻЩʿԼıͬɱ˶ᱦΣ˴֮ĹϵҲ໥öѣûʲôԥġ
鲻˳ЩԲʿӱ׷ɱԼ鷳
ȥˣһŻ
ѪħϾǹ˵ͷѪӵʿѲǵǸѽһʱ֮µðʧʿȻ֪Ҫܱ
һ˿ﻹǰ¶ı֮

٤ϵгҲ𽥸βһȺ˱˱׼شĶ졣
˵г̣ȷûгѪħԤƣûʩչŲƴͨԼԦһ·أ׼ǰһŲƷ󣬴ж顣
ڶһ̣ͻȻ֮䣬еһ
ѰʿʶͨѾܹ׽һ˿֮ԲɵΪ̱֮ƺЩס
ʶĸоϾܵģüͷ˼һûзʲôԣҲûˣҲһ׮鷳ѣлعвۣûв޴Σ㲻شС֡

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УһҺƿնƻʵ죬ͣдš
٤̻Ķ౦¥˿̣ڴ齻̸š
⾹ȻһԻΪǿ飬붡һ㣬Ѿ˵̬
ģһ·»ضǰȫ͵ִĶ졣
л౦ˣҿⱦƺ˴ʵ֮⣬촦ǰ;ǿ˼õǺãԴʵ
黯ԻˣһλŵԻ࣬볣Ҳ죬Բ¶һ˿΢Цҷ֮ϣһ񽫣ʮ·գ˲㶼ʵɿĻұ壬Զɣǵǰһʱ֮ҲԹƣգ֮С
ԭұԶֽĲ϶죬ӵƷʣϸǳפһ֧СĻӣ㶼٤̻ΪʹͶĿ񽫡
٤̻Ṻý׾齫ӵһǷǳģԵѯЩ񽫵Ϊȴǵ֪һ񽫶׾齫ӵ൱طླʿΪʮգ൱ȥӵеĽ׾齫ӵͨ۷Ϊ
˲൱Բ֡
ȻܱϾʿҲûвķͨսܹƥΪ֮ãǴ´ġ
ٱ౦¥ӵеĶطܹʹȫ磬ʱڷкУѰʿ޷׷
˵٤̻ⷽͶ룬Գ⣬ұҲֹһͻع飬ûйݵľ
ұҲֵˡ
ѯ֮󣬲ɸ̾Ҳ˵һ޼֮ЩܻǼֵڵı٤̻ᵹر
ţ
ʱ̸ͬ۱ıˣͻȻüͷ
ƺһȺǵıؾ֮·ƺͼ죬˴ǿҪƵУ
ʶƱҪǿᣬܵ쳣
ͼ죿ѵҵԤгˣ
Щ⣬֮ȻҲԼܵһ˿ŵ
Ƶֻǳˡ


774 ٴ
䣬뱦˱㷢֣ܵѾһʵҰããһƬ֪䡣
ǵ飬ΪҲ൱ڵ뢣ȴ̻ṩ֮һ飬ʶûѰһİԹΪȡ
⻰һۣʵ޷ǵٶȣҪЩС֮Ҳ¡
ԣЩؿһۣ漴ѣˣ
ⱦãûģҲ̻µĹء
ƺҪ÷סǣ΢ĩգΪ֮Գȥûлشֻ
óĲԸǷǡ
Цˣ֪ⱦӵϰٻҲǿȵ뢵ĴڣȻǵС¡
֮ˣŻΪʧ
Ǻðɣ㣬Ա㡣
Ҳֻɵȥˡ
л
˼ûٷԣ壬ȻһԾ
ټĺ·ͻȻ֮仯һ޵̣˲գۿţҪƬʧʱͱ˶е鷢ˣǹĶ⣬ûʧԽԽӽ
ʲô£ʵ
ã˼ƺҲŲƹˡ˵
У治УһȺӵܹԸͨķδɺϣȺˣרųġ˵
ǣûʹֶΣЩ˽׷ᣬһʱ֮䣬԰ѣ˵Ҫͽˡ
Ȼ˵
뽫Ҿ£ˡ
һʱ֮޷ѵˣζԺпܻᱻ׷ϣսڣм̵ķ󣬿һЩСɵĻɽֻҪ˲ؽУһʱ̣ܱơ
٤̻ıͣҲȫǡ
Ȼǳƺã̱㴫ϵ࣬ݱܡ
ڴ֮ȴװϣңա
һƬֻ޾Զ֮ɹҷ裬·ʵķǣ㣬٣Ī黹ʵԷ
ããУԪ·ƺƵ󺣣ұʱشգûڲͬĶУڴȴʼһ޵档
֮Щ𽥱÷ˣöâ֣ģʮ
ͷƺС
ЩȣԷƺҲʲôСɫӵԲʿͷһ
Ȼ֪ʲôʹ˶ԣҲǲСˡ
䡭
ʱ󷽴¡¡ͷһȴϰĿܾˣ뻮һ˼װ塣
ЩǱϵĻ񽫣㶼ԶʦûŶݼ൱һ߾ε鱦ӵв׵ս
һ£ЩǷླͨΪĿܣǰף쳣ľ޴ܡ
رĿܣӵԲΪɢȻϢ£뵣ƺѳʮνװݡ
٤̻ᣬѪѰܣסףڽﾫϻǧƣϳ˷ЩܣŲʮطıף֮⣬
ǿ޷ʳ鵤޷ֻ»ᱸʱǵҩ湦ط
Ҳ֪ݳ޵ĻҲֻ٤̻Ӵܹһϳ˵鱦൱һλϳ˵ʿÿ¶Ҫ¾ԪʳΪԱҲǵܹӵеġ
ܹЩԶſܲ޸ĴۣԶʿҪöࡣ
ڴʱβѪ­ʦʩţͨʥȴǰ
Ѫħͨǰû뵽ұһٶȿþˣһƺӵմŲƣһʱ֮䣬޷׷ϡ
֮ǰҲ׼˿ֻѾˡ
Ҫˣ
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ˣ֮ǰֵʿƺɽһģҪúһ
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Ѿڴзʱ˴ˡȻӵԲΪһʼûƴսףҲҪϵĿ
ǲûĺ嫷֮£Ѿӽߡ
ûɱǣֻôҪҪڽܻ񣿡
ãҪһǡ
ܿ죬ڱ˵֮£𻤷ͶУһԲע룬񽫶ʱƽʿ
ЩǣԼʿȻͨһֱӹѡϡҵɱζðҵ֪ˡ
ûйĵͷľ޴ԳޣҲګګԣû˿˼ֻǶһߡ
ɽķӦȻͬΪɢ޵ԵʣҲƤ
ɱΣԣЦ⻰ţǱǽ˴˴˵ʲôɱΣֻǹϷ˱ıӣҲûȤ֪˭֧ʹȻˣѾòͨɣ
Ѫ­ʦʩаȴʵʵйǺɽʲôϵһ
ܵѪħȤ󣬵ɽʥ֮£Ҫ˽ࡣ
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Щֻ²֪ҲʲʲôɴɱˡһԵϣɫЩصɢһûʲôţУȷ⴦á
ϣ㲻ɱǣƴϵſͣ˼ҰҲΪƿǴطҵ飬ײ뿴ƴϵķϣĹһء
ܵɱѪ­ʦһҧһΪص鶶˳
ǵҴϣһɽʥ̵飬ϾǶԴȫһ֪䣬Ҫ¶ˡ
ƴϣѪ­ʦ⻰һ£ŵľ뢣ߣѿʼ˽⣬˽Ҳ̫ƴϵţȴҲ˵ģһǰԲɵߣеȵƽϣһ
뵽Ѫ­ʦȻ¶ڴΪܣǳƴϵ⡣
Ӧﺣһ㣬õֵ֧ɢޣŵƴϵôŰ´ӱгɢޣɴ
֪ҲпƣߣƴΣȻҪӣҲ軹Ҫ֮
ѰųϣҪλʿǰѾս٣Ҳνô˻ߵˡ
ʿͻȻ֮䣬췣ۣ֮ͫһİ׵â
Ѫ­ʦʩžضһۣͻȻһȻӹֱͰ¡
ǱûлᣬͰ½һ۱㿴еĹϵڳΪǡ
˴Ҳܼ򵥣ǱЮǣӳĻᡣ
֪
ͫһתĿףһĹٻգֱӹᴩǵͷ­
ԲʿӦ£Ӧ
һԵԳסˣûиһ֣ǲ̺ɱ֪ô׶༪٣ȴû뵽ֵһµĻᶼûС
ΪԲʿ˼򵥱ȥ
ֳ췣ۣ֮ĿתԳͨʥ
ͨʥ亹ڳܲסѹͨһϣ̧֣СһСԸΪ޶ġ
ŶԳͨʹı죬ҪݱΪһ·ʵҲδɣƾʲô㣿˵
˵ͻȻһ£ԴЩֵߣһ·Աкκô
ͨʥò֪˵ʲôźãҲɵϣȻóҪԼд̽ղѪ­ʦʩһ𲻺ãͼı죬㱻ɱˣԼûܹ˼ĶҲ϶·һ
ղŻɱѪ­ʦʩţԼе³ʿҲһǺ޵ֿ֮
ˣͻȻһ飬ͨʥһæСɢ޳Ȼͨ󣬵ϾҲԲʿˣС˲챦Ըϣ
ͷԳΪľګȴû뵽˼ȸղ˻ҪͨȻһ͸ˣҪҪôͷԳ˵¡
ЩһʿҲɢеĺݽǣǵϳпܾۼŲٵĲ
Ȼԣ඼ԴҲ಻㣬ܹһҲ
Ҳ뵽һȥˣҲ޹ּѪ­ʦʩŲʶôȻҪЮʦ¶ûܣʹɱֵԭҪͨѪֶΣʣµԳ
¶һ˿ЦݣܸȤԣԸԵģһϾҲûиǴʲôˡ
ܿ죬˱㵱Գ棬ѹѪ­ʦʩŵʬΪɢޣרżɱ˵ǿˣٻЩرϵģȻջϳ˷һƷ鵤ؼԼ
֮⣬Ѫ­ʦʩϣһ׼һرԼɢԲرϢܿϧԶղŵˣһƬڣҲʧӰ١
ǿ֮ìõ췣֮۵ļӳ֣ɣѾѰʿֵܵͬĵ·飬Ҳѵֵһת۱㱻Ĩɱ
ƽ˷ѣȻЩϧĲкͬԷֽõرԭڼֵڵĲкҲֵǧ򼸰򣬵Ҳһ
һ֣Щ
Űµ֣һԿš
ԳͨʥҲһԿţ亹ֱðӴסԼһߵľް
˶ޱעɢʱ֣ްΨһֵƽĲƸڼ档
һ죬㱻ǿǱˡ
һѺŴص壬Ϥ棬Ȼٵ޸֣ıͬ壬йܿ
Ҫȥصı𣿡
ͨԳһǮпܣΪһʺҲ޲ɣЩϾֻܣѹεĶҲΪ棬ҸȤǴطԻΪɢ޵ľ۾֮أӣƺǸǺһıء͵
⵹ҲãҲţĴһ
ಢ֪ŵԭй׻ȥΪ׼ŶȽ١
ȻҲһĿġ
Ե˵ͷʱڷϣҪ߶ҲƵĴ½Ҫ뿪Ķ졣
֪ʥ֮ʱԼ֣֣ҲȶԸԼҲģ˲˹أҾ֡
Һðµ֮УԲ֣лɽĵ֮㣬ֻҪ˺ƤٽӦԸǡ
ҲԼ岼껯һУƽտţҪΣʱ̣ˮǧɽҲŲƷ
ޣΣͷʩչһȴҲ㣬ȫž˱˳ĺ֮ǡ
ͱ𱦵ˣȻѺԳͨ죬ǰ
ҵٸԳ𣬵֮⣬˫ۣڷ˫ɷȵԲʿǱ֪Ѿֻ»ʡ
֮ǰԳͨЩǵ˵
Դ׼ôĪ㻹ģԸЩɢ޲ɣֻǱпɽǿ֮
ԳͷСңֻǣϾҪС¡
ЦɷģֻҪʵʵˣŪĻʱԻһ˵ǰͷκ춯ݹֱ飡
ԳĸҲţԼĵѪ­ʦʩţϻͬ飬˵ɱɱˣɱһԼҲһ֮顣
Ŀô֮ͷԳѾɥʧзʱףʲô½Բɵʿ޽ӽڵ뢣ӵеܵһˣ뢵Ļ٣Ҳһս֮ˡ
ңΪûдﵽԲɣֻѰʿʵҲܷġ
˸˼һ·ȥʱ䴩յĸ·ԽһһƬ֮С
һ磬һƬĳƺͬĶ磬ݴ˵Զŵʱڴ˴սʮ֧飬һƬƬ½Ʈգڤ֮ħӿ˳
ˡħɡڶ̶̼㷢˷츲صı仯󲿷ַ׷ױУߣȴΪֹص塣
Գͨ棬ԹһԶħܰʱ䣬𽥰ħӰ죬ǣΪһǿ壬Ҳ˵һǿˡ
һ·ϣԳСȴԽ֪ΪΣһҰĲԤС
Գͨ첢֪˼ûһС磬еɱ˶ᱦѾмȥˣͷѪɱѰʿĸ֣Ϊһ棬Ҳǲһͼı
Ǵ㣬ȥ쿴ͼ
бռɽΪҲϳӪüãôǷѾﲼ޵Լȥǰϳ֮ǰסԳһ
ҡСҡԳԩ
ΪɢޣƽʱöȶֺϣҪô֮ͽơ
ֻĵطӵ̫ƸҲĻˣһЩҪķ֮⣬ʵǲ˾ӪӪկɽ
⡢һĵطǲܹȻġ
ʶãϲ½ֻҪͷһ̱أʵһ㡣˵
Գ˴ӦǣҲʵڱ޿롣
֮ڸϵϳڡ
һص㶽ԳеĲټͬʱ춦һϴϮʱܻಿ˳


780 ֶ֮
ЩѪ­ʦʩţͨʥУϽʶ£ĲҲɢ֮Գһɵ
ͱ֮ʮ˵ˣһȺǿϳ˸֣ǽʮбܽޱȡ
ؼգ˲ֻĸоһ֮󣬷Լصϳ֮У֮һͨʥԣɾϲʥ㽫ҵȾȳˣ
ԳŵһҪ˵ݼ
ŷ֣Լûӳħצǻ˷ܶʧ
뷨ԳǰڸŵԵʱˣҪʧ
ԳΣֻô֣ȥȡԼѪ­ʦʩŹͬı
֮Գִ˻һ£ȻϣܹѪ­ʦʩȡϷֵģֻƸСĲ֣ԲʿҲֻнѣʿ鵤һЩƽҽᣬɱ˶ᱦã֮ͭҲ
Щֵ󣬶ϳʿԣ˵ôѰʿУǾ߱Сֵģһг鱦Ĳкɱ֮󱣴õ壬ô
һЩõϵĶͳͳ£Գͨ˲ʹױƵȡһУ鿪иǣȡ泤Ĳ飺СڰʮǰżȻõļ湦Цɡ
ıϣһɢ޸ŭԣԳսսϱ鵹ҲûָЩܸʲôƸһ㣬ʵĻҲΪһɲС
ҪշЩˣǰڳԼߵݱģ֮УǿƣͶЧԼҲͶЧˣҪշģȻֶΡ
˷Գ˵ױʵػģֻҪɲһѪ­ʦʩŶˣȴúúõģҲڴҵĲƱ׳θ룬֪
Щޱĸ·ɢޣɲʲôŮῼʲôͬ۹ãεĹ̰϶ڧġ
ԳԣѾûѡҲֻԼ˼¡
ɲԳ֮˲¼ɣţױֶ֮
뵽Ҳɵ¶һ˿˿ĪЦݣԳͨ쿴֮е⣬㰵һ
ϳ˰գڼȻҲǿʶѱķأûʲô뵵ɽȸأѹεĿֱȷԳͨ첢ûˣŪֶΣȥ
Ȼв˽ֶΣҲǲ鲻ĵĲЩ
Ȼ뿪֮ĲãɲŰΣ뵽Ѫ­ʦʩ˵䣬ԳʣʥѪ­ߺʩӺڣ
ԳսսģΪ棬ЩԭݵλʵĲĽʣûصѾˣӽ󣬱ʥΨһˡ
ʥ㡭
ԣһ
һͨʿʵ㹻ʸվͨʥһѪ­ߺʩӾȻˣǵ˸ղλʥ࣬ƽ£ǿϲɺذ
ԳһЦȻ֮䣬оް˲Ӧ֮£һ˵ͨʿȥ
䣡
ɽ·һ£ټãӿҳҵ֮У˶ᣬשʯɳ׷׵𣬷·һѰǽ岻
ٶһղ˵ʿѾһҳ⽴ˣΪͨʿ˲ûȥǾŭ壬һư׹ڰ¸ֳĴ̲⽴Ҳʼ䶯ŤҪۡ
Գ׼Ŀ¶׹⣬ſڱһ
׹ӰŲ״ľ㵣ٿȻѪ޿ڷȥߴɵĿģ׹Ӱֱ͵ϻ̳һֻССã
ٹһᣬްµѪ⽴һ̯û˿긽ˡ
£Աʥкβ˵ʥҪǷûѪ­ʩţʥβǣ
ϴ׺ݣթĹЦͬʱҲмԱߣŭȵ
ȻѾ뿪һȴҪģ˸߸ϵɽѾٻصȥӣǲϸˣҲǺù
ղ˼½£ԳҲ࣬һʱ֡
һģȻ
ղļͨʿһǱ㲻ͨʥΪﵽ۷֮ԲҲҪ֮ɴŭú㾹ˣ
λѣⲷˣһһͬѪ­ʩӣ
ҵ֮ɲΪֻع
ع񣬲ʿǴ
ԳղŶϹϾһֻĵı֣˶У֮Уż½Ȼ˸ǰˡ
ԳԽŭ׹ʢȻˣǱ»Ȫȥǰɣȥ
Ȼоްеļʿȥ
úɱˡ

һ죬ˣ֮㱻ұ⣬ڴʱްͻȻӿֳУǽЩʿѪ⾫Ԫȫ̳ȥ
ͳͳȥɣ
飡飡飡飡
׺ݵ磬ͣ裬̶ʮϢԳһͨңɱˡ
ͱͷʿʾ׷׳˷󣬶ԳֻԼһҲһЩԭľɲʱһڶ

뿪ϳȥ
Գŵԣһˣˣзƿؾɲ˼ϾԲʿƷ˲ҲֵܹռɽΪǿڱҪ֮ʱ硣
Ҳڴţķչ
ûоʱʱҲ˸˽⡣
ﾹȻҰ֮Уͨ࣬ŲΪĴǺҲѹ֣֮ǰӷ綴췵壬Щ֡
ټϣҲȷǺһ㣬ͨڤԪĵطЩԪ̺֮ħѰʿԹڻǣǸĶ츣ء
մȾ˻ħҲֻԹܳռݣ
ħɺңƺҲ߳ϲֲֻ֣ύɢޣÿһɽͷÿһƬģƺҲɵжӡ
ŷ֣ҪƬûԼô򵥣ҲǣƶĵطԼȤĻҲȤԼȤôŷʹɣͽˡ
ЩطΪɢףһƬҵʵϣԾɺ벻˸ϵ
˽Щ֮кصһ
֮ܣǿռһɽͷΪǱ˺ôңҲ޻˵ʦǷǡİ䣬ҶûиྫǮͶעڴˣΪʵǡ
ãԼԲ֣ʱҲ˵׳£Ϊɢ޶ǿһЩùıڰаħһ£ѱס
ҪȾָմϹϵλݳĻʹƴһ㣬ֲ֣ʱδܹȫƣ½ȥҲܵõܺõִС
ֲ֣ͨʥһУҲ̫ɿܵԼһֲַѡУҪǲһǱþĸǰͷ°壿
ʱԲɵΪģȷЩٲά˼϶˽֮·뷨󣬵Ҳûʲôɵĵġ
뵽ԽУҪǿǵ겼ãȲãҲʧȥᣬ¶̲סҪѶˡ
һգ·ϴ̽Ϣһ
ǰģһԪ½Сµľ޴յããУ׳ޱȣԶԼɼǳءɽûƼ䡣
յϷһ޵Ԫ֮Գһ磬ϮͬʱҲǱ֤ڲѰ
Ǻʱѵ֪磬Զǳ飬Ʈɢеǣ޷ǧһ㣬Գһ磬ܻ̺һ֮ͨפ·󣬿ٸ
ȻӣҲһ̣ܹռ֮ñɽˮС
Уɽͷɢޣ֮лûҵģϾȶĶ츣ضŷռˣ޴ȥֻռһЩ˿ϵĵط
Զյӵ˿Ԫ½ԪЩԪ̺֮ħʣңգ׷Ⱥ׹շ籩ȵֺżֵĿյ֣֮Ҳ˵Ǹĵطˡ
ܹռƬģضǲԲǿߡ
һУǳؽȥ·
֪ǾλųĴֵءУǰλԲʿλͨ۷壬Ϊ죬ͬӵֲͬҲӵв׵ʵ
һؽ磬߻ӣ̾ʲôʿУѪ­ʦʩţԳͨͬﲢʼ˵֪Ŵʿݣû˿ֻ֣аԺ棺֪֣һ
⣬ǲܵõ𰸵ģҲģڳеƹݺ˼ˮƣ׼뿪֮ʱȴͻȻһӭȢ¸˵ȢĻҵǧС㣬οǷˡ
ǰŽңɲһĸŴ󻧡
ٺ٣ô˵Ҳ¿⵹ҲδؾȻǰ⣬˺ɬˡ
Ŷֺγԣ
밡Ȣλ·֮ǰˣʮ̣ò绨˫ýҵǧСţýЩںεأ
ǻ˵ȻͳͳҪôݵˣĻ֮˵İݵЩ˼ˣ˵׼úԺˣ
û޽λȻ˫Ҳǡ˶һҲ˵ǽŮΪòӲҪ޸ġ
ʵҲ̥ˣҲŮͶͱ
ô˵Ϊ㻹֪С㳤ʲôˣһ֪һţλŮʵ
ƺд˵Щʲô˺ȻЦ
գգֻаŮȴû뵽ҲҪγŮռˣˣҪǼñǴá
ţңԣɫ΢ȡ
룬Ȼڴһйش˵¼
ΣƺֿƣľŴŽǣ᲻ǸңǵĻǴпΪ
˼ʱ


781 ħ
ʱ뵽ĴŽңñ걳ҡ
ȻǷǳ϶˽Ƿ˽ͬһִƴȨͬռ岻̫࣬пܱǡ
뵽ҴԶһǳضȥ
½򣬻أҲɢУصϳʿЩʿִŵӣˣͳһƬķ١
һղʱ䣬Խ½˶ˣݳִƵĶ츣֮С
˵أΪײɽɽ꣬Ͽȣɭ֣ͳǧ췲С
վڸɽңԶһƬâ죬Ӵ֮УŲٻħҲɳһеϵĶ츣أټɫ⽻㣬ҹ֮еҵƻ
飬ձʺ͸ǶҪѰãȴ඼Ϣ壬Ұ֮˵ĸ
ҡҡͷ
츣صõıɽطٲϡ⴦طһ㣬̺ʣǰŵĻҪ٣ߣձǿᣬȴǼ֮ңǱӵһ̶ȣԽƿ˴඼ֹԲ³ˡ
εһ·ֺȻ֣ԼĲ²ǶԵġ
Ƭɭ֮Уǿĺ޷ǳ࣬ԶԶطɽһҲضãһ·ɹȴûиӦ˿ȫۼײɽ壬˳Ǳľλۼˡ
ôʿһǱԴ鵤ҩ񣬶ܽȱ˲Ҫɱ˻߱˴˹ΪټϸĲ֣ľ档
źңܹô꣬ȻûһҼ򵥡
𡭡
ֺϷɹһ˼˵״һѾۿɼײɽȥʱһХɽֵŭ˳
ʶɢ̽Ũµֺͺ֮⿴ȺҲûоĿĿԣȴˡ
ʱʶһգǴطȥ֣СӵŨĲ׷
ʵϢҲСҾԶֻûвΣر㵱һ޺ˣһȴʱȤ
ϳ˵ħˣţô׷ϣ
һīңϳۣƤò˲ҹάҰˣýɽҰ֮бԾٶȷɿ졣
ʱҲмּʶ֪ⲢʲôҰˣħħӽĺųħˣ߲ߣҲģһħ֮ƫһԱ
ӵŽںϳʦѪħУȴǿΪħӵħǣǻۣʷǳڵһ壬вٺʱڱ޳Ϣϰħ޳Ԫﵽϳˣȵ֮ڣѾԲˡ
ħ޳Բף죬ȴ٣ǽ֮󣬼֮ԶԶ塣
Ȼ컯е߱ʧ
׷ħһͷ޴ĵ׶ͻһȷ磬ݺݵؽħѹڵأſѪڣҧȥ
ԶոӦһĻԶʮ֮·֮ܲдʪȣǱһߣ
ۿħҪɥͻ£ͻȻһӿ˳ʺѪâ͵ȫ
䣡
ҵ˷ӿ֮У꾹Ȼһƿͻ͵ڻ֮ϣ
žһйͷѵ
ɫ΢䡣
ͻͷǶ֮
֮УҲ츳һ壬֮£Ǻ޵֣ǣɽ̣Ұ񹷣ԶԶǶ֣ҲһЩ׺ܹɵޣԽǿ׳
ͨɽ֮УûпǵϻҲû͹֮һǣǿ߼۵ҩģ˵ǣ̤֮·ϳޡ
ܹһŵͷǣ˾棬οǳϳ˾ķˣղһĺâͻȻԭ
һ֮£ͻҡҡλε˼ƺҪٴ˻ȴûͨһȻء
͵ڲݵϡ
߿Ѫֱ
ǿһ췲Żûֵܹ˵ģ
ԶԶʶӦţҲɵð̾
Ȼ̶ֳȵԲʲôҲ֪ں飬һ
Ҳѹ֣ͷһ
ħԭش󴭴δϢһ󣬷˷ܵشֱֽС
ƺδħˣнлĲͨеԣħʶ̽ģ֪˷ܻ
Ѱ˻ɱޣһͷͻʬֵԽһҹ
Ȼûã㿪ʼſʬȥ
ʶ̽ã˵زԶʮ⣬һ˳ƺ½ǿߴµĵطвϳʦţʿϢ
пɣʮڼĻʬҲԽɣɽ֮и·ûֱǳȥһط
ʱŷ֣ﾹȻһǧ˿ڵɽ壬ƺǺһħˡ
ԭˡ
аһԭҪ뿪˼µѰһɽͷͣԶԶ
СӣƺǴ˵֮е֮˰ϣܵһǿ֮Ϣ
ղһ˲ʱ̣ʲô飬ʮټû׼Ƿǳ£Ǿúù۲һ
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Щ˶пУһ˺
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Ǵһǰ;õˣ˵геʦ˿ʣӳɽ壬Ϊմӣ̳²
ЩηˣΪСʱ㾭֣۸ŮҲ԰Ľ棬˵֪
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ѵǰͷɱģ
ΪӹһĨɫ˵һͷͨϻɱôɱ˻ǷֺʹģڴæܣȻҴԼջ񣡡
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ħһΪܶҪļҲǿЩϷഫ֪ʲôʱЩСע⵽˵ϵˣЦųͶʯ



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һԿϷˣʿԣʱתۼţҲ̸˷Ѳ˷ѣټϣûȵ飬ʱٸҲΪ档
е˼Сӵȴݣñ¾͵ñЩɽҰˣпܳΪһ۵ӣҲҪʹزۡ
˵ļգʶ̽ĸǣȻ֣˵ʵУʵһλзš
˵ԲȻûѰħһǿǣ棬һʿ츳
ͻƽ𵤴ޣ֮ʣǻԵõиָ㣬ϳҲΪ棬˴ʿ࿿Ǽ;ˣ˵˵ʣ߳ƵԲվͬһ㣬˵ħһĻѪУ֮һ
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ϸһĨصЦ⣬ͻȻ֮˫ָ£һ΢ɲɫ·̰˵֮С
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ֻϧֻһδֶҲ۵úܣҪɿãþһЩ߻
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ǰԼΪūҲǲ֪ߵغһҪͷأֻԼãһԵ˷绯ˣֲò׾Ѱ飬Ȼû̱˻رҲ˶ˡ
⻹㣬ܹ˽٣Ҳһᾭĥѡ
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˲֪ԼڱУѾū֪֮Ҳ⣬ϾҲ֪ԼЩ竹ûȡ
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ȻֻһţҲὫ齻죬ļƻУҪܹ֮ˣֵһ

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֪ʶȤʡȴԼһЦŵһá
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ͽֲʲôȡͽܣʵ죬˷ȴǴһֲţ˼
ͽܹɳΪһȻȵұҪã;زۣʣҲʧʲô

ʦͽ֮˱ָ֮ϰҿʼһЩ˾ķš
ָ˶ԣʵټ򵥲С£ֻ൱ڴιȥ齲һ飬Ȼ˷Լ츳
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Ԫȱ豹棬ϳʦؾ磬Ϊʦ鵤ϴȻа֮ݣ㱾пɣ˳ҩڶٻӰ̫Ǳ
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ΪʵĽ֮ͬʱҲٵĽ֮ȻǵԼҪĲһǱþԪݵʿǾܵر˵ǰ;ˣ㼱ɣҲмֲȵء
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ȻѾ˷һ֮ã˻ǳɹײɽ֮ڵǰִ
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ԭǴڴ֮Ѱģ࣬ȴû뵽·ϱˣҲΪˣŻ˵ʦͽ֮Ե
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ҲǸϧ֮ˣԼʰ飬С

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ڴ˳֪꣬˾ǿ߶ɨĴСĽɫһʿ磬ʵҲûʲôҴ뿪˵أݱһ·ͷʲôʱǡ
ûжɱ֣˼뿪Ӧòµġ
¹ӹһ˿ᣬҲòϣϣǰΨһѡ
ʱ¹ֵܣǽвƸƿռ䷨һ£ĸãӵ֮ˣͳͳߣ㲻κκ֮ǣڿˣΪҪô
ӥЦˡǰ̵ǣҪܹߵ˺ﶼ׼ãؼ֮Ȯһκαʣʱߡ
治İӥۣȭͷ˵
¹ҲģײɽѾӪ꣬ȻʲôѵĶ츣أѰۡ󳡣ıҲ޵ýϾҲһ֮ûɢޣҪ̫ˡ
ڲǼƽЩʧʱ򣬶δ˵ŭ𣬸ҪѡϾһʵѾܾײɽˡ
˴磬ȥټߵǣĸǳ⣬ػ˵ıʣʱѶǰϱǡ
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Ϊ֪ΪʦĴ㣬ңûΥΪʦԸֻˡ˵ѲɣűǺȾƣ
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һɸֵģЦǵΪʦĶ֣ɽҲûмԲʿҪ˵뢣ΣһССĶ츣ضѣֲʲôϡ壬ǽǿռˣҲֻš
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˽һԼȡɽ⡣
ݣӽͣ潫ȴܲᵽ
Լڴˣʵˣ뽫ɽ彻ԸڴΪʦסݻҵԿɾһͳ޽磬ĴҵǽΪƬһҲڻ¡
ԣסӹһ˿ɫ漴ֵҲŲҪЩʿһ㣬̫ûˡҪѧʦһ硣
㶮ʲô¶֪ĻֺЦ
ղе¹ӥһʼǿӲӦ֪Լݺͼ֮Ŀת䣬ٻľϣĺڵĳ̶ȡһУʾǲۣ֮ɢ޴֮
Ҳѹ֣ܹ֮ӱ飬վʿĶ壬Ǽ֮
֮ԻнյңҲƱǿѣǲûʧ̫ණ֮ɽ壬棬ЩԶԶΪҪضǻѰһطţ꣬ضܹٴ
˶ǣǵıʵŴݲǱЦˣ֮Уܹĸֶ򵥡
νߣ죬ĺ֮ΪʦϣΪһˣҲСۣ仹쾳綼ûдﵽʱ̣ԶûʸС
˵һƺǿ佱¹˵Ļɵôסˡʱ۹⣬ԶԿ֪һʲô鷳
˰ˣҪɳͲҪԹΪʦΪ㰲Ŷˡ
ײɽΪʦǿضģǰʮ껹ãΪʦٻأ֪˵ؾëͷСƹܣΪʦȥȽ٣ֻˡ
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ײɽվȽŸ棬ǱǳɲˣӹµΪΪʦҲֻܽ
ĬĬ̾Ϣ
˵δѾ꾡İţֻܷ£ҪԵ

ܿ죬ײɽһ˵Ϣ
ԭһǿߣòԶ磬Ӵײɽ䵽λǿС
˵еǿߣȻûֻ˴ϢŵײɽΪۣļ֡
һʱ䣬ײɽηɢޣȻĶ
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ߣڽ壬Хɽ֣Ըıľ棬ֹҵ
вʿжг룬;ŲʵԼƤ죬ʵֵİ취
Ϣ֮ʵ˲ʿȤ׷ӿֻ̽ʶѯ
ȻŸϳײɽЩūͣв£һһӦЩʿͶ
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ȣͻȻ¹޷Ӧ󣬳ŻУʢϢɢת֮㽫ɽȥ鷳
һһɢ޸ǰͶѾûײɽٶ˼֤ʱ䣬ѡʮˡħеĸʿӸո̤쾳ĻһشӵԶԶħᣬۣӰ˰ĻѪɢޣȫĽʬ
̾ǧٹ֡
һʮ֮Ž˳ȥͨ档
һգײɽϣͶɢѵ
Ӵ֮ǱԺһŶбӪ壬лᣬԻŰһǰ̡
ģҵȵΪЧĸ֣Ȼи
Ƕߴ˵ġ
ҵȶߴغײɽ¹˸ٻɱǸƬײ
ԺǱߴ˵Ĳˣߴ˶ա
ɢ޶ɽҰƽҲûʲôأ֮󣬸˷ܵòѣҺֳһš
㻹Ǻܿ㰲һɫˣЩŤص̨
Ҳϻֱӽ⣬ǱĵӣˣȻʱֻһˣǳ֮£ཫͬǰ֮УҪʧ˭ϡ
ԸɢޣҪɢ޵ĹأȻǳвȴһף׷ױʾס


787 ʦ
ȻյĿģǷֲԼţ˱ǹؼ˺һƬء
һĻپḻ֮Ȼǿİš
ԣǰ·ı˵ӣײɽĵ̣ԷһԣɹȻϲʧܣҲתء
Լľ֮ģص˵ͷ
ʱ̣ܵһʿȻͬĲٿ֮УʿˣԼһ֮䣬ȻŸı䣬ָоѰ֮˾еġ
ţԼеͨطѶңԶɽ֣
ЩǰͶʿʱܹˣΪ򣬲ģʱһҲδػԹ˵ףֻǸɢ޾ۼ֮أ̾ӵúܣǵ֮ͽ
Լ뿪֮ɽ屻˶ȥʴˣҪפӵпƵ
ɣҲʱóˣɢ޵壬ԶҪá
˿̣һƽϣײɽһʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Լܸ˵Ľ̵¼飬¼ɲᡣ
֮⣬пҪõ鱦ϡ
ȵò࣬ˣǸġ
Щطķţ鵤ʦǡ˲һ漴ҲʦҪ뿪𣿡
ʱΪʶǳ޴Ҳ˲е顣
ʱѾ֪ͲʿԼҲֻżȻˣпܲúҪ뿪
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˽͵ǬװöȣΪݶ̰ͣͼܣÿһ㶼Ϊʦ˽ƣֻΪﵽӦĲ֮ʱſԴ򿪣˻衣
ı·أܶȱûӦĻҪɾҲǳѣҲ֪ԼϰߣʴӦĽû㹻Ϊܻı
Ϊʦ̫ͣãԽ·ȥߣֻܿԼȥˡ
ȻϣԼ򿪾棬Ҳ֪һжֻܿԼŬԼͺһֵũܳʲôׯڣÿӡ
ˣ˵֮󣬱㲻˲񣬻˻֣¡
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ֹһʱգڶǵģʱֵ֮еʱī
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ʱ·ϣѾ˽һЩʲôĵرĶ츣أҲû̫ԶżеֻͨиͨŲƷת֮ѡ
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ʱī֪أ֮ɫ֣صˣڴˣ嶼ҪЩʲô֪ʲôʹǡ
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ˣһλʦʦӦ׼ЩģɶȽٷ
Ϊ澫û˿ѹƣѾԸоȽ֮ԽԽˣ㱦ƶȽٷüޡ
Ҳ֮ʺƶȽٷıĲ࣬СЩ֮޵ģԼ桢棬ҲҪģֻ֮زԸͱҴ޷ġ
һЩ˱ʿޣĴޣʵڻ֮

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ƹɽʦˣڷ³оסֱ֣ʲôʱȥһ
һҳ̸̣ܿ¡
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ԣʧЦԣرЩϵ٣ֻǸоЩź
Լ壬Ͼǵǳƽʱ̣͹ˡ

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˱ǰɽһȻ븮ۡ
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Ǻǣԭˡʦ϶Դ֪֮࣬ɵЦˡ
ҲǴų֮⣬¶һȻ˵ɫ
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һ֮콵׻𣬷ˮɷϮʴ꣬ħȱݣʧԣڤڤ֮Уеҵ
ݴԶɵԽɣ飬ؽѣʱͥرܹ֮˹λԵλ˳Ӧڱ֮УˣʱһЩɱаޣΪݵĹҲܶȹ٣ɾħ֮λ
Զɵʧ䣬֮ͥ飬Ҳû֮õĳɻԵˣûܹɣֻ֮ͨ꣬ɾ͵
ԵԪǧ겻ȣԶԶԽ˺ʿȣҲֻǳϦ
¹ԼĳɵҵҲû˿ܼɣ̸Ƚٵּѡ
ЩҲǽ˽ġ
УǸΪƽ£֪֮ٴ´޷壬Ҳض̸ǵһߣһʿȲȥɼͣԶеɱȣƾģص
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ڴʱҪ֮ͬΪֵԶֽ٣ֱＫΪϡУܹѰõģҲһЩ֮
˵ͷʵ֮Уֻ׽һ;еҲ׺ģԵʿļʶԼħԴ˵ľ飬Ҳֻдǿֱӵ׽ȥֻҪֵס˴󲿷ֵ֮ף޳񣬱Ƕȹȥˡ
ĵʿȱȫƾʣӲдʿԪԶʿ޳ɵ֮ͨ죬ҲǷ˼һ˿ȱȱݣƾĴԣϢֻ𽥽֮ȫ
һȡɵķʽҲӦһ仰޾֮·
ֻҪرùĵʿȹ٣ǳɹˣ֮ܵ˺أ඼ǻа취ԲȵģصģѻҷҲ
Ҳɣܹȹٵʿӣʵһ˲䡣
ˣΪ˵ԣҪȽٷƵܹȽܹ֮ͨݻܹĻĵ
Ҫ֮ʱն֣
ն֣
ԣɵһѵȽرǡꣿ


788 Ƚ֮ǰϣ
ɵʧ֮󣬺ʿ꣬ǿǣǿ壬ĿĶΪ֮ͨա
ʿﵽԲ֮ǰ·ʧΨоɱһ;ˣ˼ţȽٿõķӦ벻˹ϵ
ʦʣοΪ˼꣬һ
һ
ȽߣδʤǰܣγɹȱᣬǲҰҲȻܹһ˿л꣬ޣҪġ
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ȷʿܹһ˿л꣬ԶȻҷҪõöࡣ
Ҫ֮һ˿л̸꣬ףȫʢ״̬ʿұ֤ȹ٣浽лĵزôѣ
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⵹ǡ
ҲΪˣҪȽ٣ҪģǲɶܣҵʿѰ֮ͨȻҲһߡ
һȡʿѰ˽ȻͬѰˣ궼нʬһ˵ʿȴ඼Ƚ֮ˣǽԲĴܣؼĵرԴһߵĿġ
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ǽڣƼ壬Īʤ֮ߡʦʿȫԼİ취˵Ǽֻ֮꣬һ㣬ǿöϸڣϾȽ֮£һһϦɡ
ʦµĳס£Ȼ󣬿ʼ׼˸޽һɽеĸۡԾޡ

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ʦһͬ˿еʯӰɽһε֮С
ǰģһϣܰĳ׿ףװһľͷƵļϣɫżֳغʵ֮УµƺܲгʱʱֵĻɬƣԵùӶء
һԣʿȽ֮ãڷıһҲ⣬ֱӾһ׼Уͷؼףװף֣ߴ󲿷֣ÿһ֣ΪһͨһǽɴԶԶԽѰԲ磬ֻһǵ
ȻۿƵĽȣǵһۼʦרΪԼƵرɵøе⡣
ôһرʿЩ֣רΪطԿִĵƼƬȻһһǶŲһ塣
мʮСʦָǿ鸧һˮĲڿз
֮ԷĴãһطЩá
ǰ׼ҴʦĽ˿ʮ壬ÿһۼϣһطƣС
ṩǾ廨ǧʱĿ棬ϵƬǶؼ֮ϡ
ӷ촦ЩߣزѪƣˮ֣Ҳ֮½ӻأ֮Ч
ͷļǣԶħͷƣʵƥ𵽷£ϸشá

ף£ǧƣǧشÿһش󣬼һ鱦ۣʮ򲻵ȡ
ҪᣬṩıģʦֵԼ֮ʱС֮죬ûر⵽ᣬɱԽķա
˵ֻһ޸ɢޣͷӵϰھ޲ƣҲƵóر
Щ̵ֵ֡
ʦһ׵ĴϸڣֶѾ־߳Σ֮мˣĻĳƣҲֻһΪá
Ҳ֪鱦һЩ˵Ӧãʦָ̡
ȵ̨ȡѪѪڤ˼ͷϤԣֱ̥Ϊֹ
󣬱ֻ֮ȡߴ壬ס̥עЩ̥֮У˼ͷӣӻ֮£٣һʱ֮Ҳ޷ĥ𣬶ٹȥɽ̥
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ֱ̫ʱ֪ٻɴ˶˵Ƚٷڶȹ֮󣬲ǾûôˣȻǼҪı
ˡ˵ͷ
Щδɣ֮鱦ԣǽԼ꣬ƻĹؼ
ǰнļ
ͬһռɵ飬ˣû׼ʱڱɣס®ᣬ˰֮á

ĽȲΪʦûмɣһ˿һС⣬ҲҪͣСļ飬ȷʧܼ֮󣬷ܹС
ڼ䣬ҲԸоһԼѪϵû޳ֻͨҲһַ·ĴԭԼһ֣ǷʶУȫ˿͡
ףѾɱʮԲĴɾ磬һģ֮Ѱõ챦ܹھٵʱóضҲҪһ
׻ԶԶʿľ磬ʵ𵽾õĶڵΪӦѾսˡ
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Щ֣ͯѲǲʶ֮ˣû𱰲֣ҪԼȴԼȥ
֮Ҳûж˵ʲôһصʶɽķ˽ӵϢ֮󣬸ȥĹȱѶȻ㷵йȥ
ܿ죬˺ϵйС
ǰµľǰʦ鱦ĹУҲʱǰԶϵʱҪЩ
ͯſڿţӭ
ȿȡ
ͯϲض㼱ңʲôҪ飿ʵ
ͯѴϲˡ
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µҲˣҵȷȽ١Ҳ֪ͯѣԳϵ
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У˰»Ůһ˵ǰοһҪúñԼ塣
ɬҸеĺӳˣȡʲôֲźأ
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֮һ֣žƾһԻͺ壬˿̰ԻڼҪΪĸϲú֮УûзѾ˵·߾ɾ˼
ʿһ㣬ͣԲɵľ磬ѹΪȻȥԿֲޱȵ٣Ҳд
٣ûһܹɾ͵ġ
ڴݣλ磬ǲȥȽ٣ҲԴʿݻŵλֺαطǵýɣ
ྭϴȰ˵޹֮ѾٴȰ˵ͷϲȷһѵõĻᣬ̲סٴξᡣ
Ҳ˼ıԣˣֻǻδˡ
ʵڲûаҪȽٵ¶ЩޣӦöѾµˡ
ָͯѣϵ
Ƕϳɳ֮㲻¸¶ġ
¶ǰǲ죬Ƿر㲻ö֪ˣҲû˵㿴ξɡ
ŭεδԸ¶޸ȽٵʿУӦһΪףҲΣգһУ¶Уӭж⣬ٵȵҳɾ͵֮ʱ޿κˡ
ԣǷͨҪ
ô˵֪Ǵµˡ
ĿͯѵˣҲĻȻͯѵδػŶ⣬ͨϢȴġ
ҪЩ뵽ڣһ·Ҫߡ


789 Ƚ֮ǰ£
ЩȲȥҪ͵ħ°׵ſԷĵȥս٣ʦ壬ҲҪൣ
ֶ˵һտ¡
ĩˣԥһ£ᵽ֮£һֱ⣬ΪҷǵҪɣʵ˵òҾʹͣסŲҲңһϣΪ棬һϵ֧Ҳ¡
УҲҵһϯ֮أһЩŴ󻧵ľӵܣǴ˿̣ҪһЩ飬ƣ濴ôƽ
۶ϣಢİڶ֮ǰô˵ˣʵڵ֮ˣ
΢΢ͷ˵֮ħ磬һֱεķ籩ⳡ籩½ϯ죬ʿӲȥҲ˼ȡ㲻֮⣬ֻΪӣľʵȡ
Ȼ⻹ֻһ²⣬ҵʶҲֻܿĳ̶ȣˣҲ㹻ˣûɷαʽ׼
˼֮£̫ӣûκ壬ֻܹõ׼
һ죬壬һȴǲ˼ȡ׼֮䣬ȡǰߣԸߣңǽȻƽҲǸѡ
Ҳǿһ㣬ͬʱҲ֪飬ŲĻȽΣأþְ취Ҳֻһ˿лѣҲԸ档

¶ĻУӿ׼ȽٵĽչԭ׼ˣһʦĴңһ壬Ѿ˳ɣԼѪҲӵĸѾź
˿ȻǹһˣûҲԸô׼Ƚ١
һգٶʦ®У뷨󣬼
Ѿ־߳ΣļҪɣϷʹѾɣʱ뿪ˡ
һյļ֮ʦ˵
ʦҪ뿪ˣеЩ⣬Լ壬ΪԼЧͣҲȷѾһβ̵ʱա
뵽Ҳûֻǵܵôʦʵ֮ңܳɾ͵ĳк񱨡
λʦǰΪЧֻ꣬һݣҲȱ̫ĵرģǾӪЩɹǵĹϵʲԳɾԲߣһ;
ʦô˵ЦԵˡȴûоܾ
ˣĳһ󣬲֪ʦܷ˳ְһСæͻȻһԼƻѾõ飬æѵõĻῪѯʵ
֪ʦǷʲôͬʦֵܣӣ壬ңȱѧʶԨֶθǿǴʦĻΪһλ
ѡڲʣǵʦܾʱ˼涼ͽΣʦѾ뿪۴ӦǾܾνˡ
ʦȻҲģЦԭ£һʱô㣬ʱ̸Σҵʶλ֣ҲʶˣѰĻҿ԰æǣŴߡ
һô˵ʱףĹ֮Уûкʵѡ
Ҳǿ飬ϾѰ֣һλ֮˱ԳҪģܹмյʦʱ򣬱Ϥڸĺƹܣֻ嶼ڴҶڣΪոӹ
ⲻǼ򵥵ͶǳΪһļԪϣʱʦܵ˶ҲǱ㷴ˡ
ˣʦû̴Ӧ߾ܾǱʾῼǡ
һ£ǴʦѪ֪šʱס˼׷ʵ˼תԵ
ʦ⣺ȶף뢣Ҳϰ˳ƺ
ʦ֮󣬺ܿҲУ뿪壬ȡף׼뿪
ҲҪ뿪ˣԴСĵȡԳɻĽ뿪ţȻ׼Ƚһֱء
ΪⱻЩɽеľǲ쳣Ƚ֮£ҲǽڣȷһֱΪ˶֮⣬Ǿ£ԱԼ뿪֮Ҳܲû䡣

ϸ꣬Ѿ֮ãɽһṴ̃뵣ɾɽ֮УͻȻһģӰֻ̤ƶſȺɽƵɽ֮С
̤ƶɰ
ѾԼȽٵرͣҪ飬һһϦ֮Ҫջ۵ۻ
⴦ط˼ûηɢ޵ĴʺҼ̤һ
ŽƵȺ壬ص˵ͷ¶һ˿ϲ֮⡣
Žɽߵһɽ彵ȥܿϵƽϣиɼĿյؿţ
ȶף
ϣͻȻֳ쵵Ĺ⻪âң׹ҫ䣬һ׸ȫƾ֡
׶ȶף䣬ʦʦĽ
ķģ飬ڵԳͣ¶Բ󣬵ϵʱ˷·ͻȻ˷ڵˮӿ
һṤױһѰ㣬ɢ鶯Ϣ
Ϊ鱦Ԫ֮£ϤЩԪУһԪγɱܣԣ֮ʱǴ֮ա
֮УҪʱʱڤ˼ˣҪǣپ
Ҳǰԭһ춦֮⣬رףҲתȥûγ
ֱֻжȽ֮ʱеĹ׶ȶףΪܹﵽʹָתĵزҪ֮

⴦壬һ¡
⴦طѾ඼ҵմˣ̺ľγ顣
֮䣬ֻأԽ鷱ܣĵط̺ؾԽ࣬ҲΪʲô˽ܵ˵
ΪԲޣ֪ʵЩؾ඼ǧ֮Ĳл֮飬Щδܹ۳Σһ˿Ҳδ£ԪϴôޱȣվΪӵУˣγһؽصĲ
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ЩһӰ죬飬ڤڤ֮꣬Ķʶһ㡣
۸ˮ̣֮ҲΪʲôʿҪ£⹦һռصĵرѰ󾳽ͻƣĻᡣ
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ܵܵԼգҪʱȫָ֮뿪⴦طǰؽ硣
ֹã㼣鼰ȻԱ磬磬ת硣
УǺһ򣬱еĿڡ
˿뿪壬ֹ˽ʮࡣ
ǽӽһʱ䣬һУʱʱһע壬֪ƽ£˳Ϊһӣ
ڼѯһðӣ֧ǵһϵ罻飬ȢһŮΪޡ
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н飬ǴwһӣܴӴwﺣһٴﺣԪ½ٴԪ½һƬ
˵Ǽõľ棬壬ǵ˶ʵϣ԰ȫǣչ
ڴ˹ȣҲӵ౨Ѷ˵ǳڲ֮ǰѾһǴﵽ
ʵȽ֮ǰȢ֮ŮΪޣʺȢ٣¥ȼ֮ŮΪޣΪȻ󣬺ܿ㿪֦ɢҶŮЩʮŮ඼˽ĺˣ½ɳߣѾȢӡ
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پΪĵճӣǶʮжҲǵд󵱻֮ʱ
Ϊѡһ£ŵһͽףң˳ݵλͽΪʦһȥǳΪʦͽ֮νϼס
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ߣԷҲǳȡϵλСʦôдٳɵأҲп壬Ը⽫ԼҵŮΪޣΪĸ˼
ԣеϵһԽ֮ƣԼֵȡƽش塣
ֵֻܺ׽̵ʵֵģУȸ弰һϵɢһϵʿһϵһϵŵħһϵƼһϵŵһϵ
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ʱҲ˲ˣƾټϺʵضܹγɹ뻥ĹϵҪ֮ʱÿһ֦ܿɢҶȥڼ
жȽ٣ǰ;ް֮ʣЩĴٳɣνǼʱ֮ﰵԶĹϵڵԼӹ̡
ĺ֮УҲһЩ֮£ȴഫѶ÷ƾգ̷Ůѵˡ
Ȼ䣬ûӳԪΪݣȫķΪûǿá
Է˶ԣҲǸٶţʱѶã˰֮һֱûټ֮⣬Ҳûź֮ˡ
£Щʧ䣬Ҳ֪ԴԼ޳죬÷Ůȴ޷õͻ֮գɷľ棬ע
׿Щ΢ɶʧ䣬Ҳӳ׵طеķƾʿͨȻ硣
βûо棬Ϊļƻǰɳ֮жȽ٣ܵõλǰָͰ档
ߵһˡ
Ȼ죬ӿھ޳һƬ֮Уһμλӡ
ټӲЦԵ
ǰӦԼˡ˹֣˵
ϴμ췣֮ʱұԣжȽٵĻԵǰ˴߶ǰǰܹߴͽ̣˳ȹѹء
Ƚһ£Ͼأʱ̣Ҳû˿Ͽҵλǰ
֪λǰΪɲ⣬Ҫ֮ʱпܾȵԼһҲؼʱ̣ԭ
⴦طѡΪԼĶȽ֮


790 
áֻǵһƽž޲飬Ҳƺһ˿Ц⡣
ŴΰرȴΪ֮ʣǿߣˣҲὫش飬⽻и
Ҳ˵ڶģĴ˲ûж⣬ԸԼɾ͵ڣŰԼɾ͵֮󣬷뿪˴ɳǵԸ浽Σͷпܳ
ǰˡ˵һ仰֮󣬱ƽ̨ϵĿյؿʼ
ʱĶȶף̽Բ¶ͬһ˿ģҲǽֳ׵УʹԼ
֮⣬Ҳʶ⵽ʱ©
Ȼû٣ִٶȽٵĺȴҲʮǰ׷ɱĪǧûħʧأһ֮䣬»

һΣʮȥ
ʱһţѾһ׼
ֱʱ㽫Լȹ̵
챦Ϊ죬ȴȱһݳڴ˴ؾʮ꣬ڽһ˿״̬ԶȽˡ
Ӽģο
ԶȽ𣿡
˵
ˡԵҲҪ㣬һΪ⣬Ҳûлͷ·ߡ
׼꣬Ϊһ̣ȻҲ޻ںޡ
Ǻã㵽Ǳߵȥɡ˵
֮Ī⣬ǵٻ˼Լһ٣µضĿܡ
֮ǿǿΪˣŻᱻʿη֮绢
Ҳ֪һ㣬ˣԵ뿪λڵľƽ̨ڻĴ֮£Խؾһˡ
һԶħ֮أȥħСɽѻǧɸߣҺֵӲƤʬ࣬ôſڵϣ˯֮á
һɫڿУϡײ졣
ħϣȻԻ룬Ȼȥɡ
ȡȽ١
Цֻ׶¶ѿЦݣ䣬ȴмֹ֮⡣
õģһСĵģȻȥɡ
ô˵תȥ
ﵹǸȽٵĺõطǷǳɰܣֻ񳯡
ıӰЦһЦ漴ЦݣôɽһħȻ˹׼ʼȽ١
֮ǰ壬ҲѰʿһ㣬طΪӱظӦй׺
ʿηȽ绢ĶȽ٣ȴ˾£ңҲ˿ûбҪ
ʮʿͣܽһױ˺ķţΪųϣȻҲлӴЩطĶ
Ϊ֮ϵϢȻǿ٣ǧŰپʮŵԲȱķŰ벽壬ǻâһİ׹⣬ʱͷһְľһǰ翵ĻӰȻ֡
ǰнľˮתϢһմԶǽѪţ
ѭ򽥽ؽȫʶˣܲһƻɬĪգ·˲Ϣ֮䴩Խ֮ңĻ֮ϵߴ
͵һʱˣ·һ޴ޱȵļؽδһ磬ǳһֱϣԴ족
ղ񷣬澡ͷĸߴ
֮Դתı߽磬ļڡ
˵֮У̫ű֮ǴĪ֮ӿģԴͷǳɾλĽס
ұҪЧ¹֤̽һ̽شİأܹ˹أ֤ɾ͵֮λ
Ȼһ춥ĳһȻ޾ڰУһһֻ޴ޱȣ׹⻪ε۾͵ֳ
ֻ۾·۾Ŀӣĳһʱ飬ܹܵԼС
ٴУٻԼع鱾λǧ֮һɲ֮׼á
ѾĪڣʱиУ֮ʣ
ȻعĲ֮ԭ֮Ͽգ׵رƽޱȡ
ǧӿ·ͻȻ֮ʲô˻ȥͬʱչζ쫷磬ɷܵĳһǿԼһ㣬ƽϢ
ʱһļžԼİ̾ϢԼصײ
ѡе⴦طԼһ֮⣬ûŵ飬ħȻͨ󣬵ܵƣƺԶǰҪ࣬ҲѸճָţҲصģᷢʲô⣬ֻǴʱͻȻ֮һĪĲ·ʲô©һ㡣
ΪʿʶͨԸܵڤڤ֮еΣһʱӿĲԵ֮
һ𣬼ǲ˲ԣ͵̧ͷȴֻһڰ䣬ŤƳ֣ãֺϢϣɢ¶
һ֮ǰƣƣ֪ΪΣǱ֮ǰĪǧȽٵǶƻҪʮֹľ룬ʮԶħڵľһͬ˽ȥ
֪ΪԼͻȻ𲻺õԤˣȴԭǴ˽ǵķΧ¡
ΪȽ׼꣬ûӦ̺֮Хһһǿķ̽պһ޴ĶߣһӰդԶħ
һԾվ޶״ȻͬߣʮŲͬʽԶһͬ⣬⻪ҫҹճܣ·ͻȻӡ
ЩǾӣŤգһ˲ʹıԵŤĵطԻԿԶħ׾վȴȷѾԶ˽ƸǵķΧ
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ȫ߶Լ壬ͻȻҲų׹⣬óޱȡ
ڶ׹⣬ܹâʢ˵Ӱʧֻԭһ̫
Ĵִ׹⣬ϢУȻʧ
һ֮ʣ͵ظеȫһ飬·ҲҪͣˡ
겻رһɾǣ飬ƮȻ𣬾Ǳһ壬Щѳֲס
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һԱȸղҪϸҲԶǰɫȴֳһļµɺ죬ǳ֮⣬̺ű
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æ߶꣬Ҫ壬ȴȻ֣ԭױ꣬޷жˣղŵǵȻͣ棬û˳֫ٺƻǷ·һס޷壡
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ͬǼޱȣӦʱ䶼ûУֻϡͨĵһżϳıʣûС
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ڤڤ֮УʶĸӦʧԭΣ֮У·ھκ֮£һ̼ҪŭûΣոоҲûˣ˶ص˰͵İȫ֮ء
֪Խʱ̣ԽΣգΪԼ֮Уⳡѣûйȥ
ţ޷޷Ԥ⣬׽μ
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ĵףӺζ
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ٶȫ߶׷֮»Ϊ˷ģͬʱཫƵ췣֮ۼüģ˲ָΪǿ״̬
ܿ죬оһ·ʲô崩
Ȼ޷״̬֪ԼûУ֪ҪԵʲôľ
ˣ
ϡоԼ֮·Ҳһʧˣ޷Ĵڡ
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ǲȻɱ
ܵһиӦʧվʱ̣ƽ̨ϵӣҲɵ΢΢üһ˿ǡ
ƺʲôͻȻֵȻһЦҲգԽΣ֮ʱԽӭתڻԶҳֵʱ̡
㲼µĺ־˼򵥣Ǽ̳ͳˣǱǹ֮Цˡ
䣬֮ϣӰɵĶȶ׺Ȼһը˿
ʮѪķѪƸرȻʹˣ
ڵձӰ£һɸĺڰƾո֣·֮߰
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֣ϣͻȻ¶һ˿֮ɫ


791 
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ʱ̣ɫĪ˼£ڼѾĬȻףһ֮˳Ų̿նϣڵ׷ȥ
ʱȻʶĪ֮УĿǲζʶҲ޷⡣
һж·ţʱһֹ̳ͣû˿塣
ˣٵ׹ûУһ˷࣬ûгɹ
֮ʱ޷оܵһб仯ˣڣûйȥԼûˣʩչͨûгɹ˳֪
һжʵ֮У飬ãΩʼյĿ䡣
Ϊ֪ɱزЩҡҡ֮󣬸ǻɣһж
ʱһ΢ȻսһƬУ·ϹǰһƬڵ磬΢⡣
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ˣΪʶף˿ܣȴܹɱʿһи֪ʶִҡ
ӵããƮԺУ·ʱпʧ
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ֱԨϣһɵţҰҹĻһƬ˲ȫ޷ǰ·
⻹㣬£Ҳ޷ŵĴڣ֪Լ̤ʵأա
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룬ҪˣúÿŰɡ΢һüͷȵµģץסһǻ£ȴһ׮ѵõĻ
ίشֻףȴȻʲô΢΢زţƺҲںֻͻȻֵľۡ
ʱʶܸӦһƬ֮Уž
ʱռ·ʧȥ壬Ҳ·û˽ޣļµĹ찲֮⣬ǳͣ
νＫطӦʶܹڤڤ֮УΣʿȻʿη֮绢֮вͺͰ
ڴǰԼҪ֮Աǣ˿̣ȴеظܵˡ
ڴһۣǿѹɰΪ״̬άȫת˿ɡ
Լķ޷ӵн޾ķȴʹԳõĪٶȥ
֪˶ãգ֮䣬ֻزɣ֮š
ģҲǰڳȽ֮⽫ΧħС
ʼ޷ʶӪڤ֮ѳĻǿ꣬ҲҪĥ𡣡
ǰùȥǰ̣Ҳ޿
ǳǰܣ²֮ҪϣҪʧ
ƽ̨ĬȻż̧һƳ֮ȴԶյȻٿš
һҫ׹£ʹʴֵǣһ޵׵ڽЩա
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Ҳʱ֣ԼĴ꣬ȻѾɢ֮ˡ
ֻһԼҪ׻ҶʧĴ룬ֻδԼ꣬񣬲Ķףϵٵ⡣
ͬʱɱ춦ǲϵ֮ʼ֮ٵ۳ΣٴαٴγΡ
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ʶޱߺڰ֮·𿴵ص𣬸ǧԴսᣬڤڤ֮УѶϢ꣬־·һ
ر·һ޴ޱȵʶ飬ĴĪڵͷĴͨıǨݻʷ
Щص־֮˶·ضضϣ޳ֻزϡ
֮ģԼ־ɢ֮С
·оԼأ䣬һʼ飬̡
ҪʧããеʱͻȻֲٵڡ
٣ĿģȻʿΪĲ֣ͷΪάԪתѲɡ
лȻһ²⣬ûɵԼΪһ㡣
ʶסҲʧˣƣ
ȻһվѼ˽ǧҹԼڵ춦ͻȻ֮׹⣬һĹâӶ׷˳ӭ񷶥ľͫ
ЩʱյĶţాȻܵصˣԽ¼ȫΪ
ҲٵڣͨĲ֤߻ҷûЩĺ֮£ȻԽԽǿ
ѴﵽԲ֮޷нҵͻƵĹؿڣǶ귨תǶش취ƿأԲ࣬Ͷ֮䣬ͬĻֺã֮С
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ǵӶ׷ɳĳâ𽥻Ϊһöɵ۾ǷƵ췣ۣ֮
ڶľͫӹһĨ⣬Ǳٶŭһת֮䣬췣֮۱㻯Ƭ
һĻȴûоţϸֳһĨϲɫЦ
ԭˣֿˣ
죬˽׷ʲôֶܹʹʱûܻңҵԲ춦˲ٵƣһ޸
Ͼͫ췣֮۵һɲǣ͵£һߵȻ裬ȴܿ챻һץס͵һ
ȵǾͫ½Ŀ⼯ϣһ֮ʱѾ֮˳ȥȻ󣬺âң׽֮ճɻҽ
ʱƣֻΪ񳯣Ŀհ֮Уûзȴڲϵػͬʱ־裬˿ûΪɥʧ˿ɡ
ʱͻȻַ֣Լʧ뵽֮䣬ͷԽԽ𽥻ָˡ
ٱһڤڤ־ڲٿأûţǼһా͵ӣȻƾ춦ʼս뼺һ̶ȣȻʵƾԽԽǿΪȻһ
ΪᣬѺò׼ɹķ췣֮۶ˣҶû˷ѣ췣֮۵һɲǣʱΣպףҲ
һ֮ͷľͫȻûʧĽƣͬӿĴ󺣣ϯȻиԤУٵһη񣬿Ҫˡ
ЦݣϾޱȡ
ȴɹâӾͫӿ֣һΣͫ·е̫ǧʮ򡭡ʤ׹⣬ͬһϯصĻͻ͹꣬бӡ
ת˲֮䣬ٴαûƬ׺С
ϵһٻ쳣ңȴûϵȻ˵ķ⽣Լ췣֮ʩչġٲΪƣһ˲䷢ƺƵ಻
ֻ֮󼰣ĺֱѾ޷
ʱ㷢֣ԼȻһ׹⣬С
Ȼϯ֮ƣ嵽ĸ֮УЩߴɵӰǰԵͬСķһСŭ֮У߽⣬ÿһѪ⣬ÿһ꣬ը÷顣
һ𡭡ʮԶħ˴ƽϢ
ͫΧĺڰƻת·Ŀռ䣬ȴֻƬض·һըɷĩˣö˶˵Ĵǧ磬˻һƬ֪δӿ˻Хͬˮ硣
ЩԶħϢ·Ǵ֮ʣаˮˣʧ
һ̣һӴƥƣͻȻתĻո֡
ӰȻ˼һγ֡
Ȼת֮еȻɢÿһ
һһӰڿվ𣬶ЩӰˮۣ·һһεСˮ飬Ƭâγɵĺлɴˮ飬ȻٻϪ۴ɺ
һߴǧɣɢâĻͻ;ˣ˫ָ߾٣վ
֮䣬һڵĿն֣͵˺Ҳ񷣬֮ʣϤնɢ
һ˲䣬޴ӰһȻڶľͫǰ׹˸ľƲ£ȭ͵һ˽ȥ
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еľͫǱľ׮ȻеҰ۾͵رϣ·ʵ֮佻㣬عⰵ䣬ƣһ±㴵ɢ
ɢȥ֮һֻ·мһֺֻ̣ҡ˷ľ޴Ȼھǰ
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֮УһҰŭıߴ͵£Ȼذסɢâľˣ͵ػһԲ
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ǻ޼֮⡭
ۿž˾Ҫױקȥʧؼһ̣һбصĹâȻᴩԲ
ţͬѣ嵰кڰ䣬ĪԪ˳
½һͨ쳹׵ľ˶֮ԲпǣȻͦ


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һĻһֱ֮еӣ¶ѵõЦݡ
֪ͿҪ󹦸ˡ
Ȼλļ̳ˣӵԵĻߵεȵĳ̶ȣҲԼ컯ܲɷ֣һ죬һУʡ
󹦸ɣչǰģѾ糾һĵ·
ֻΪղΪյһѾȥЩĥһܵס
ĬĬʱһɵβڴֺ;޴ͫĹͽ޹˻ХţƺҪ˺ľ֮лָһΪ㳹׶һͼ
֮Ԫɽ棡
ͣͣ
ؼ䷢˲˵Ŀֲ֮
ḷ́ڰʵ֮䣬ѷ֡
޴֮ͫУԪٱӿǷ·۾Ѫˡ
˵ȫ¶֮ѪȾڣ֮䣬ֺ֡ɫ׾֮ǡ
սҰѪƣ
Ի١־֮ԭڲ֣֮Żжʿ࿼飡һʿ޷ͨ㽫ɣΪһ½١
ʱɢؼ̣ѾԼףǰ֮һСܣɵó̾һ
һޱȣȻѰ֮˿˵壬ֲãȹٵʿĪ
ԭȹ֮ٺʿԲͬζһĴڣ᲻ЩؼĹǰɣ
Ӧ̽٣ʿԸҲܲסԴԴϵ٣֮⣬Ǻεȵľ˾ηĪ
ֱ޷룬˼鰡
ԶŴܣʿೣƲ˵˵ΪԽǸԽֲܹܵ
ʱҲ޷롣
Ļվ𣬷·ٵصľˣһٻ춥ľͫڵʱ򣬶ʱоͬ״һ˺Ѿʹ
裬·Ҫ飬صľʹ
ҲΣʱ̣һٱȫĶףȻǺ
ĳ׼ʹһץסᣬɹƿ򣬴еƱɢ۵֮ʱʧӰ١
ڣ˶ϵʱˡ
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͵ȫһ̣е춦ͣطӿԪ׹ģŸղžͫӿһ㣬Χ
ʮħѪ⡢꣬ҲԶԶ޷֮ϵĿֲ춦ײڡ
ᣬȻ˶׷£Щɢ
ϵĹâԽԽ࣬ԽԽԽԽңʢ
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ʱ꣬Ѿޱȴ⣬ȫ׼ɢص⣬ɢâҲ졣
˵ȻͬȻĥĴͷ
ⴿͷ䣬ɫԪ֮еһܺõصŴԪ˿˿â͸ռ䣬뵽֮ڣ
һɹӴԪͨһĴ֣˽
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ӴĺȻһֻɴ۾رһص˳
֮ѪŨˣ·ĺ鲼أǲѰԪһкǳĻգĪδ֪
ص
˵飬ǼӴ֮棬ô˿̣ѳ棬ȻﵽԼȡ֮ĵزַӦҪ۳١ɱ
ʿȽٵԵɡ
ֻǴ˿̣ٻɱһǿͨһͻԭơ
ʱܵӴޱȵԪѸתֻǾͷ¯֮𣬷ɿޱȵתΪ˷
һ
ת˲֮䣬Ǽʮϰٵ
ңڲϷɿǱȫ߶춦Ԫʱࡣ
ʿķһ㣬ֹ
΢΢𾪡
ɷ·ػΪһ壬֮䣬ͬûһ˿͵ĸо޳ı֡
ϵķޱߡ
ͬʱܵ˴дĪķֻ֮У·Լ֮ɢɹâÿһ˿ɴ֣뵽ҰУڤڤ֮еԪϳɣһһӡǡ
ǶʱԼ͵ͷԵֵӿѶĳˢֻ֮䣬ҪϴȥʶʶĲлꡣ
ͬյӣӴ֮󣬳Ԫľȥֻʣһ˿ظѪһ
֮УʵޱȵĸоʹȻһͬٵĴ
ʿȻûͬٵԪеֻǿޱȵʶ־Լˣָо಻ѰʿģͺƼ˸ѨĪİ
֪˶ãؼ֮ɫʧЩ񱩶ҵԪ֮ʧ뵽֮У·ܻȼգʹ֮ΪҺʢ
յճɣ
ڳˡ
ܵͻȻʱ̷Īת䣬ҲסЦٰп
Ϊ֪Լڳˡ
Ӵ֮𽥼С֮ϵĹâȴû˿Ȼҡ
ԶԶȥһ߸֮ϵ̫һ׹
Ϊ׹ԵʣյĶףһ׵Զ˸ǿܣԶ֮УٰܵϢΪħ񣬶š
ʱǺͬһεĶˣһ˿ηϢ
ãɽ޷Ƶ磬ʧϻתΪһ쳣ʵ濴ѰѪ֮ķ졣
޴ƽ̨
ֻһ֮壬ȫâɣȫһ˿Ϣ
޳񣬲٣ʧ辭С
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޳ɴ꣬ȴֻ൱ԭһ˿ͷʶ׵ţ±׶༪ˡ
ٱľͫ٣ͬ춦ӴҲ޷֮࿹
ʱº֮еļ֮٩٩̸Ҳҵĸо
ѳɵڵķܳӯ
ֳӯһַǳ֣ìܵ״̬Եɱڣ뷨Ĳͬ
ʿޱߣΪķȻָԲʧֱ֮ɲ١
ȻⲻӰʵʱ޷ʿһ㣬
Ƚ֮ʱǰѣҼɣʶ׵ľ֮УȻһ˹һл
Է֮ʱʶԼУһð֮£ݶ飬Ҳס
ֻǾ֮ͣضԡкδ㣿Դʵ
ȻѾɵǰȻһͬӤ۵ĴڣֻǰͬһΣڣѾ̤ɵ˲شıԵ
˵֮ãƽǣ˿̺Ȼһֹ䣬ƾˣǰ;δҲ
Ҳĺ棬׼󣬷壬Ӧ֮䡣ϲŽҪٵıʣҴǷܳƶЩʣǻᡣ
ѳɾ͵֮£ҴԶŴӺȻ
ڱɳǣѶϾ뿪˼ɾ͵δؾûаæϳˣһϣԼȳ
ֻǣԸʵºѡ
ǰˣҲȹӵԪȻѾɾ͵겻𣬵ԪޣҲֻǧѣǵȱݣҲûһųߡĬһ£ѵ
ңڶȽ֮ʱҲܵˣ֮䣬ڤڤ־ʿ¸ע޳ִδȻҲпڽӡ
ʿ֮أ䣬ҶʿؼȡԪø̺֮ıԪľֻ֮ʱһѪ꣬ҪأԪ
ڸܵһ̣Ƕ˵ʿڵ壬ͬʱҲ֪벻ôأü컯ΪãһҲܷɡ
ԼԼĵ·ҪߣʵûʲôĻȥѧԶŴԶŴҲδʺûԶѪԼ
Ȼʿ컯ʿˣһ춼ֽ֮УͳʧҪɥʧΪĸ
ҲΪεƽʱʿȥᣬдٽ֮ʣȴһ
һп˿̣Уûаֲпᣬֻݷ˸ı仯
΢ԭˡ
ǳĬ
ҲףΡ
Ϊ֮ˣǲͬġ
ڴ֮ǰ볢һ̽Ѱɽ硣ʱ˵ἰ˴ʱĿǾȻ񣬳¡
ӵڵȷѾ̽Ѱɽʸ񣬲ҪСΪϣǴطѾǰ
ףʱ䣬һú׼ȡһߵʦ˵ûȶȻѾ𣬵в̣뵽ҵ֮УҿԽ֮նɻ֮ͨ
ͬʱǰɽ磬Ӽա
ºܸߣԽ֣꾡İš
ɽŵأĵطԴͷ
УѰ̽أͨѰҹɶɢޣҪҵֵɵһرѡ
ܹԹɽ磬ֽΣ
Ҳڳɾ͵֮̽ɽĵҲ֪Ǵطкεվһ˿ڴˣĻ𣬻߲ӡ׸ԴԴǰ
ֱԶŴ̳йɵһУҪؿǣ֮̽ͬٵİأȴܸȤ
⣬ǽǧʿͬ׷Ĵ˭Ҳģɵʧ֮󣬺֮˱ֻ˥ˣ𽥲봫˵еĩʱ
Ϊʿ֮еٮٮߣ˰˰Ԫƣ׷ʸ񣬽ѾΪͨ಻Ѱ֮ͳ
һ˿ϣ·ȥ
ڲǳԵʱͻȻЩ岻֪ˡ
Ĭһ£ԼȽ֮ǰȶ׷˼ֻ꣬ʮ꣬жʮʮȥ
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ȹɵ٣Ϊһž뢵ʱԶңԶǿձ˶˵壬Ҳӭһϲӡ
һ죬մɣӭȢw֮Ů㹫
Сɻ飬⣬Ҳش壬Ҳٰ졣
ʱɣǶ֮Ĵòſ̳˸ĸ˫Եŵ㣬ÿ˫˼˶Ҫһ
һɴϲ֮գǺйŵƽʣк͡
ڵһ֮УŰ¡
¶ãɶĴϲӣĸ׵ģӦø˲ǣôһƲֵӣ
ˣҲһҵĸɳɻӣΪȻҪ棬˿ѾлͣҲֵ徲ں밽˵强
µȷЩģȻ㣬ɶճɻ飬ܿҪǰˣ׵ôãУɶȢϱ᲻
³Ϊ˸㼸ػһ¿ò׽⣬뿪磬ǰִʧ䡣
죬ַǷĳ뵽˵Լ޸ʱ򣬸Ǵ顣
ȻѾٳ꣬Ҷĸף»Щģзʲôʱܻѵ֮±˽ҪĸӼ𣿡
ǰȽ٣ϢһֱֻϣԼҸ߲㣬ŭε֮䣬һʼʧ˶ֻΪܵĴطѰ̽ˣ겻飬ȥ׷࣬¶˷
֪ǶȽˣ˼ȵ˷ܣһпܳɾ͵ǵ֮УҪһλ뢣һ棬ȴźޱȵ䡣
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谮ŮŮδ̫
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ʱͻȻдҴҵĽŲȴһ޹Ůһλʿ
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ˣˣ˵мѰū澿شϡ
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Щʱ壬棬ٲ£ûмֵܰģһжֻܿԼ
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ö˵ˣڼݻط壬ڱȥ˵
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б䣬Ϣˡ֮ܣ֮ңһģʶҲ£ֻҪѡ
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ФѣҲӺϲˣȡ
ӢɣѪױĸ׺ͼҳй˼ֻ꣬Сס꣬ʶ˲ٸʿǻص֮Ȼﲻĸǰݻᡣ
󷽣ϲѣȻʮȻʶٸܣУһЩгʿ
ȻҲвǳ̽˼ģɢ޿ЩĸҪͶҲ֪дӣԼ̳ĸסļƣѡύλӣ¿
һֱĴ󷽺ΪӮòǲף֮ͨ˺Բľ磬ֻһ֮ңԶԶԽΪʵ
һ죬ɼѺܸӣҲܿģסǺȾƳ̸顣
ɶĽλ㷺ⶼЩʲô죬̾ʲô˶С磬ɵðҡͷ
ʵɸҲǿǣԼ丸ԣ㲻ɾ죬ҲгԪùʮ䣬Բɣпܽ졣
ĵرΪȻֻһصĹ澳ʦδЩ̫
ʿ԰ƣֻҪʮǰ޳죬Ҳ
ɼҵɻ֮ʱĿޣղؾˡǿ壬ɲԸԼŮ޸һˣȻɷ
ţͻȻ簵ҡͷʱ򣬲һƳһĨ쳣ϢĸӦ֮С
һİϢܿǱ뵽Ⱥ֮С
һľЩʿв޻ߴwʿ
ΪͼϲգٰһЩ
һĴûǰϾɲ丸һŴޣûʸǳ֣ڳΪߣҪԭڰߵͯϣȻ磬ˡ
Ϣ֮ʣ綼ûɵظеһͷƤ飬Ԩļ֮С
ͻȻһã㿴һӰƾո͵ɡ

ϯ˾ʱ֮䣬˴ʧɫ
ȵҹȥ˿巢ʲôµʱѾ̫ˡ
֪ʱһºۣϢŮޣֳмɲϣЮ
͵ش˸սԭΪϲ͵նɵ飬ҲɵýʱףԼʿˣݲʿ˽
Ǻˣ֪Юֵʲô𣿻ٷ־ܣҲӹµ֮һվ˵ûõķϻһȴǰʶԼ߳ͨʿ跨ˡ
ȻвΪϾһˣʲô˺ҽδ鷳ߣֱɥҲпܡ
ɲ룬ԼŮոռ˹Ѹ
𶯣ȻҾɱŮһֲɳ֮˵֮䣬˾綾Ű
ɹҲֲ˷ˣҲ˴룬ŵýŶЩ㣬Ǻˣԩ޳𡭡
죡ŮسһȻһԺ󣬰ιȥͬʱһסԾ߹һЮš
ɫ
ǲɱǰЮ֣ǺĿģͨʿȻ˶ԸһˡǳǳҶֻ壿
ŮޣֻԵʿ֮ҵᣬ־ȳɡ
ӣû׼˺ɣԶ壬ǱѲˣҲԸ⽫ԼŮһͼϡ
˭֪˾ǺЮɵĿʲô
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һ֮ԶŽɣгԱҲ̶ûͳһɽźÿڣֻ֮Ϊ֮ǨŭļСҲпܡ
⼸ʮ䣬嶼ϼһ裬ʱ̱˻룬ɹ֡


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ЩԴw岻ͬʿҴ⣬ȫʩͨš
ȴɺȻ¶һ˿ЦȻһסԼʿڶԷľĪ֮Уһĳ
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Σ˵ҲǷǳסף㲻ҪΪǷˣҲΪܵܳһɡ


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ܵƣֱֻӺ
Ϊ֮ŮȻ̳а´ļױͳڵޣһʺļҲȡƽҪ
ûض¼壬ɥӣδ飬пʹŭε𽫰ٻأټޣһĶɢҶ֧Ԯز٣ģ˶Ĵþ棬ҲȻ޴档
ȶĴûģվǷһЩǡ
ȥ֮ǰµ̫٣Ѫڵˡ
ʮ˸ŮܿܲȨЩ֮£Ļ鷳ضһЩˣٿ֦ɢҶ֧⣬һ֧ϱˡ
Ӷ˱ҵԷٺĸҲǱ֤̳˰ȫĸ
ЩҲûãѾˣ׵ڣȻ˼ʮŮϰԪҵû
ͻȻ뵽Ҫ˵׿һѡһЩϷˡ
ǰЩ˶ϲɥĲ񡣡粢֪Ʈɵ֮Զֻͬص˵ͷ
漴ʶǸ˼ңô˵ȴҪó
ɿҶΪŮ

࣬ŸֳԼԷָһɽ
ǴĶ֮Уһ˼ɽڵĴаҰز޶츣أҲĲ鶼ϡ١
ڴ˿̣ɽм䣬˰߸ľ罣ָ죬ȻΡʵơ
ԶԶԸܵʮʿϢЩ֮УĪƺڵǣȴ¶档
Щ԰
һĻеһˣɵЩɡ
Ǵ඼ḻʿܹһߣƣȻɡ
ϵˣ²壬ҪҵͶصЩ˹ȻҰġ
ߣһʽҲסôֱ֣˵ΣʿǲȥҲˣҺ¥ȥһǡ
һź¥Ŀվ˳һЦ˵
˴һ·ϳȥ
ʱҲ׷ͬ¥˵ܶγУֻ֮
ɱЩ֮ͽ֪ɹӵĺ
¥иǰ̽ɵϢȻҪĺʵϣǶ֮ġ
ҲǶϾҲǶɵʿ˼
ͬĵеʿ֮УħãwһɣҲǸȺһţڵħw籾ҵҲû˿Ҷ粻ĵطֻ޲
Ŀ΢ҲԤеˣ֮Уضŵı
ڶԷУҲòѡӲ
û˵ƾЩóȻǰ

ʱԶͻȻɳ𣬾ͬһ븲
ǣת֮䵽˻ɳķ籩֮УֻХ𣬽ǧ³ʿͬʮϳ˸һͬɱƺƴǹ
Щ˹Ȼţϵǻˣû׽ˣȥѶʣ
粻ΪֻǵȻ
֪϶ǵȫԲֱнʮЩͨʿҪͬ߹ֵһᣬ¶Էڴ˾ӪѾãѲҲΪǡ
ҪģЩȻڰĸ֡

ôĸ֣
ǰͷĻɽٷ˽棬Ҫ̽ɵ֮ʱϣһȺĸҲȻ֣ɥĲشٽ
ⳡͻϮ¶ˡ
Ǻôĵӣɷ֪ħɽйԼǽе壬ΪУ˵ö֮
칫Լҵ᲻֪ѳΪֽһţ
ʥʹ£𣡡
壬Ϊ𸴳𣡡
壡
ʿһͬ죬ת֮䣬㽫ɽ֮ǰصʿնɱһӰһӴԪӿ塣
·ǱϮ֮ǰĺ죬嶼Ӵ֡
Щ˵ĽбǣΪ³ߣʱط
汾壡
壬ɱ
ϹһȺ֣гʿдս
ͬʱϺķʮʱ佨ĴҲƽõĹЧһһɵİɽ壬Զȥ뵵ѩ塣
˭Ҳ뵽ڷһҵս

ķ󲢷ǹڶϳ˸ֵֹ֮£᧿ΣҲҵվǷӦеãɽ䣬޵Ļþ֮УѣƵʿȴӰ죬иֽɱС
һϮĸУȻŶʮԲ֣ླͨʿǶ֮Ǹ˼
ս鼰ɽ͵ɽʯһһʿսˡ
Ҳ֣ܵвָǰȥһ룬Ҳ֮еԲʿס޷
һЩɴأǵ򲻵֮ʱ뿪
Ҳһصء
嶥ĸۡУ࣬£ͯѣϵˣС
ȻѾ꣬վڰĻУȱ״Щ̲סʵףЩбҪ壬ǵֲ㣬ֵɸǺã
ʲôûһױ¾ģЩ˵ĿںţֻŻЩͶſͶѡѵһңѾħִǺܿǰԮֻҪȱˡ
ͻϮһɽԤֵ٣ֵһʱͳټִµļѶͬʱ˽йİ¼޸һͬڷ嶥С
˵òʱʵȫԵһ˵Ϯֻս֮أʹĸ׸ءһԵĶԻȰο䵣壬±֮ΰġ
⡭Щ˺ôѣ㶡
Էиָ㣬壬ͼ֮̾
ԷͻȻһ֣ʵǺݶ
˭֪꣬һ˵ң˹ɽţɱ¾һȻ
֮ǰ֮һɱٳ֣֮ƽƣѱĸ֮ʿά֣Ҳı䡣
Ȼ濴򶨣ʵϣҲΪİˡ
ΪˣٷϳõɱУܲܽЩ֮ͽΪΪһȴöҲΰ̾
ϣֲ㣬ҵȻڴԴΪãʿǼʱرǣһʱ䣬ħõִǱøϵˡԱߵްο
ķչȻϣȺҪ𱨳ѪϴʿСǿһ󣬱㱻ɳȥĸִˡĻɽǻħ״лУ֮ЧȴɱУûоǿĸһٶҲֻܷεԶȥ
ϵԲ֣ԷҲиغЩûгֻ֣һԹۣҲ
һЩֶס䣬Ϯź𹥣תΪŲҰˣǾⷽݱ䡣
ٲ֮󣬵ħôڸϸ׽ⳡ֮Χʿȴˡ
һʱ֮䣬¶ǳƲҵ
ҪǷھͺˡľ棬θ̾


797 Ƹ
ս󣬵ˣʰо֡
ưܵķᣬӶصɽƽ̨ɽĶɽֶһѻո⣬Ѫ
ǰȻһȻ֮˵ĮĿӣþ
˿վ¶û˵
Ҳܹ⣬Լ԰ƻĸо
壬һһľԴһſͽģû˻ĸҲû˻֪Ϊ˸ʲôѪ
ʮ䣬ȥһɽ֮⣬û뿪Էƣ˵Ǵ뱲ӵഺ˴˴
Щȥſ͡
ưܵķݣɽ壬·ֲɽֻ֣Ҫ棬ȥſȴԸһЩʦһ˲ţÿһλѾѪƷԣ鱾죬ģЩʿ£Ӱ켫Զ
Ϯ˲صʵƱҲţʹöԸ˲ŵһǧɡ
֮һ
᲻Ⱥ˵ͬǣǱ㻵ˣ
˵ݣԼһ²⣬뵽ӭĸ֣üͷ֮
ˣѾʿˣĿ
ʱɽ·һʿϵĽǰڿʮ֮ڱ㱻ʿתܹʹŸֵݽ
ˡ
֪ôһЩвתͶ˼Ҳٳκ⡣
ų³ʿѶʮигʿǶ򡭡ϳʿǧ򡭡⣬ٴų٣Ϊŵӡ
࿴һ£ѵĴ඼³ʿ֧ǲѵġ
֮⣬˽ٳÿʮؾ췢ŵλ
ףô˶񣿡һ˴ĸ񣬲Щʹ
Ҫȡ³ʿĹ֮ģ˱ŴߣÿһλʿǸԼе֧ûʿ彫ܿ˥ܣǸЧұĽ˭
̾һ͵
ϳʿֻʽֲˣҪշģԶԶģǿԺٿǡ
վʿЩ֮ҲЩأĸ׶ѿ˽ڣҲΥ档
ֹ˼죬ڻ
Ѷӭ򣬽ǣȴһ
ֳôˣ
˵£ʮʿ㶼ήң΢ǾĴսһ㣬һ˼ΪΪߣȻѾ׶༪١
һûʧ֣֮ǰʿȣÿһޣǴͷɥ񶷰˹Ƶġ
ϷˣһͶɻ粻ɿЦһԼؽ͵
ȥͷ֮ûпɶǽٷսһŷ֣ǵĿǵɽô
֪ϤԷʵ
һ֮Ҳ˿ʶԷµķ²֣ЩֻͨηɢޣǼһЩСɵʿҲֻ΢Ĺ¼ҹˣʲô
Ҳ֪ĵǶԷݣҡͷʱ֪
ǰȫɱˡ¥һ䣬ȴԵЩȻ
Щص³ʿΪҲ񾳣ַĵĸ֣֮ǰ㼰ʱˡԷ׼ȥҲֻбǣűߡ
ģҲѹֻˡ
˵ĽѾµˣЩʧ
ܹ֪ˣҲ˱
Ϯǵ飬϶һϵеı档
Ԥи˽ͷö鷳£ֱڣԷݻһ⣬ֻ´ɡ
ȻҲһ㣬ЩǸضã޷̫࣬ԷҪģԮʩԮ֣һб㶼ðˡ
һġ˵ͷ
޵ѵԷĲ飬ô򵥱ģ»иŶҪС
ɫǹӲʩֻܽűˡ
ԣεЦЦҲ֪ʱ޷ʩ
һ군ҲҪƶ˵£ΪһͨϳŮޣʱ򣬼һǿܡ
ʱҲɵðԸпһϣԽ鷳⣬㶼ӭжˡ
⣬ƽ֮ÿһĽ𣬶Ӧĸ
ĻȻ
ȻӪɶãҲ棬Ȼȥɡ㲻õģһǴwһǷ¶ĺ
лֳԸм
һ밽»ͬͬ£Ҳû⡣

Ǳ㾡סģǿɣǱҲֱٳˡֶһȥ֮󣬻Ѱ֮
ʱѾʶԼҲûаȥһɽ̽Ϣϵ
ţǽµĹؼ
ô˵Ҳɵðͬ
ѰʿǿĶ֣Էݶ壬ҲףƾĹϵҲ̽Щ˿
٣Ҫͷ˭С
ֹһʱգ뿪Ѿõ磬ڸ෢һš
ֲţϸݡ
֮ż㣬֮ɫ
УȻУ˶Էݡ
෢֣ԼԼĲ²⾹Ȼˡ
ЩˣȻǳʥ̡
粻ǳʥ̣ͷ
Ϣ֪һϵϮһɽλĽ֮߻
ɽǵѪħϮɱˣ˺һ㣬ʥԾ֮ʿֳ̽ŵߵĴ㡣
ЩδȫһȺԲʿͨʿߵС䣬ҲħС֮ˡ
Ȼʥ̣ҲϵԸģֻһɽΪߣ
֪ϢҲЩԾ
Էԣһֱȵʧʮų֣һʱҲԳʮʮ꣬Եü·
Ծ뵽࣬Ϣ塣
Ȼֻһ壬㻹ûеĵز
һ壬ҲֳɾŴɹţаʤ壬ʿûκһһ壬ܹš
ֻеͳһ֮ͬʱ֮Ϊǿƽʱ壬ұң緽ңؼ֮ҲǾˮˮϵ
˵ʥһӴޱȵԶŽɣгԱϹʤľǿߣǣ浽֮меʿڣͨǧ˿ƵϵԽˣɽͷ壬ɱԽ࣬ͳһҲԽѡ
в棿˵Ҳûš
岻ӣҲȻ
ˣҪԵģ㲻ֽϵƺϮˣֱɳʮԲɸ֣һٸǡ
ЩųǱֻʣһܣⳡıʥ̴򣬶ֻΪ
Ȼйؼ¶ϲɫдţȻ˸ȥ
ȻŮԸʲô
ŮˣٷӲ壬ߡ
ЩӣҲ޷ıչˣ֮£԰ΪһҪ
ȥϷ壬˵Ҫ˵
ܿ죬࣬
Ҫһʱ䣬£û£ִɡ
Բɸе֣ʱĸ׻Ҫȥʲôط
ɻҲûҪȥЩˣѾŸǣԼǵһĵ̸ˡ
ʲôףҪЩ̸У
Ĵ㣬ɴ󾪡
Ѿ㲻Ҫ˵ˣ塣ľȣಢû⡣
ȻϣæȰף֮Σǽ֮£ҲˣûԼǰȥҲޱʾñʿͣΣҲЩʿա
Ѱ֮ˣܴңиֱƷʧȥ˱ض
ΣֲСŲ˵̾Ȼ֪ʿ֮£Ҳ֪Щ׼֮ͽ
ˣҲҪ֮Ѫȡ𶯣¶һ˿ȴն˵ΣҲһ޵ޣǾʹű㲻ӶˡҪͨССֵķʽ壬ڲӵ´ĿģƫԸ
⡭⡭
ޱ𾪡
ôҲû뵽ԼĸףȻ˾
¶ʹɫ಻ɵð̾һ
ȣֺο²ߣ
ֻԼвԷͷǺε֮
Щˣ漰䰵壬Щ׷꣬һֱڰ˵ĸǡ
ŲûԸЩˣҪٴۣʱЩΪûгŵߣһ̽ͽơ
ȻԸԼΪ֮µƷΨ֮⣬һٶ
ԣҪһٴ˵Ĳ𣬲Ըʳ塣
Ѿ壬ҪտԼ¶һ˿ɬ˵
ǴТ֮ˣɵÿధ󣬿ĸײҪȥðգִ꣬˵һĸǽˡ
Ȼãδ죬ûӰʸ
һ棬Ҳ£ֶʿһŵġ
Щѡʵѡ棬ȻƸ۵ľĳˡ
ಢ֪뿪徳ڣնȥĲ֮һӰȻյĺڶ֣Ȼȣ̤˳
һͷۣĻ
ֵʱ֮䣬·ͻȻһȽȽĺգҵĳֳܸԪתֳһֺֺɫ
໣໣𣡡
ƺǳ˷ܣ̰شⶴϢܴķḻ̣һĸо
룬Ҫٽˣһؼҡ
ļϣȻһˡ
һû˿Ϣͨˣʮò
Ӵһ˿Ц⣬ŵͷڿǷֳ˻û˿ڣãã֮ңҲزȥÿ㰡
ؼҡؼҡ
룬Ȼָķȥ


798 
ϵӣ
ʱѾ˵δ̷أͨһ߻
߻һ˿꣬Ѫ⣬뱾죬֮ǰӵΪͬ߻ֻӵз˵
Ϊʱִ٣ڶȽ֮ʧأΪ
ྫҪڱٻ
׼øոնȽ٣ϻ̵ƣһٽߴ뢶ĻͳԻָԼǿսϵУ֪ĽԲҪ۳
֪Ҫ˻ش̽˼뻤͡
룬ؾ꣬˼˴ĹӵԶħѪΪǿᡣ
Ļͣ߷˻ܹԽˮǧɽصУĻɳǶ߲ȥ
嫵ȣҪ˵ˣ³˵ʿΪС
ọ́ڻصԪ½оЩֵǣԼѾң֪ͨԼҪȴûеõӦ
ԼЩǣԼȫٻʵ̽÷
ڴʱҲԶʱһб㶼ˡ

ֹСʱĻ£ص塣
ʱǷ֮޷ոӦԼĴڣǷһŷ
ƺЩ׵壬¶һ˿ɫ
ɽֱչЩϢ
ʲôˣ֮ʱʿ˹ǽ䱸
ףЩ˶ʱ㶼סˡ
塭
仯ϢϤĸо¶š
ȥȡ֮º͵ЦݣǱˡ
Щſͣһµʹæ򿪷󡣡
ţͻȻ˴һصԲޣô
û˿ʵЩϡ
ͬеĵô˵ʶʿҲȻȴûз
ȷҲЩɡ
ˣ΢΢һЦҲֻ֪ǾְԼΪѣܻһ㣬ܺãģȴԭģͷٸǡ
˶ףһЦʱĹӰ˲䴩͸ʮգ֮ϡ
ʱĻɽԶħ񣬸ͬ裬ټԴ˷ΪϤѶԺУױ㿪нơ
վסǺˣô壡
ʿʱӦ˶ϢΪϴɱٳֵľϵ˺ܿ㷴Ӧֳʶ̽
ȫϤ˶ˡ

ܿ죬һ̵Ӱϳǰ
࣬þעףϢİϤĲ֮͡
ҲʧĿƽͶЩɺ;裬ֳʶ̽Լ
ã΢
ʱ뵽Щվۣ֮ƿ˵ľǣĿ֮¶ŵɫȻţǿϲ
塭ˣ
˵ļżֲ
ЦĿȴתĸۡͻȻüʦأ
Ȼ֪еʦָ˭ɫ΢䣬æˣһЩ顭
æշ֮£Ը
֪ྐྵȻԼ˸ᣬ౧Ƹ۵ľľţȡİݡ
УԼӿֳһĳϵϢ࿪ʼֻһԪû˿εķҲΪԲ޵ϴĪѹ
ϸܵɿµƣ˺һηؿȥķ
ûпڳϣȻԿ϶ضǽǸ硣
ϣʲô飿
ʿҴҸڲ֮ǰ̸壬ˣȴͻȻٴУһ˸ۡ
֣һӭսԿæټ˷ϸֳ
Ŀת
ܶ겻üʶͨһ˿΢ĸӦҲǴķ˿ɱȣҪʿΪ
ԴϸܵԼʦ㼫ΪϢ
ϾѪֹĸоĵ޷αΡ
Լӣɵôһ£Щţף
࣬ҲϤǾη
ȷǷˣٷϲɺذæ˵
˶ΪֻмͬʶԲʿָ֪ΪΡ
ЩʿþɵĿ⿴ķ֮¶ɻ󣬾ɣ𺳵ȵɫȫľηײشͷĬԡ
˵ͷ˵˼֮£Ѿˣʱλ޶䣬ڱһб㶼ɡ
ԣĻ̻벻Ʊѩ˽ڻ
ǲ˿״ŷΪαһ˵ͨʿҲûɵظеһģ·һ仰ϵĵӶ˲١
ֵǿԻȥˣ糣˾ְǣûбҪ㵽ľԱ
ǣ˸֮ɢȥ
ɢȥ֮󣬶ԹһԵҪȥĸףȥȡһ
⣬ȥ෿ȡһԵĻһ磬Ȯ㷢͵͵ʣ漴Լϡ
δѯʣӰһʧ

Ķ죬ա
һĸţ˳ŲɼĪǣΧŴĶת
ڶ֮⣬ȴΪżûԵ֮бĸĵ죬ӵԪĴڣʱ⣬γɻһԪĻ顣
ĸȫ޵ʯͬ澹С͵Ķ츣أˣżҲɼܹմ龳ʿǰ˴ռĵر
һ죬ϵһɽУʿԲﶼʶʮʿ໥ԷĲԼ鿴Ԫͨ
֮ĺ٣Լɽ֮С
һ࣬ߣħõԲʿػͯѣ¥ʮͨ棬һһϮۣͷŹڵ꣬Բʿʮͨʿǰ
ʿվɽһƬյ֮תԪת漴²ľɿʮľ׮һ
ʿһ롣
ԵɲԲʿҲû˿ɫȵǰ
ˣʮִ壬ּзŮкܣĳ
ɤۣ˵ȴһĻڳ˶ǳ˷Ԫ飬ûòȡ˵ϰߣԲе֡
Ŀ⶯˶ޱϲشǰˣǰΪŻԺԺӪԺħһΪֻǸֻòٳּ£ûʲôʶĸ˼ңεǰ
Ŷ֮ǰѾ˲ĳĸţʿһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
漴ҲԳһЦ֪ĳҲѣܲЩ޸֮Ƽһ㣬ǱţȻ֪
ǹȻĶţȴδˣǰΪʵ»ֲ̿ǱŵѲһ֡
ʿȻһЦţҲ̫η壬ѰСһ㣬ƽ׶һǿ
οҶ嶯֣Ȼ̡
ֻһ仰ȴЦ΢
ҷ̵ѣԴΪ󶯸ɸվǰβ̧֣Ź壿ȻҲǰװײһԸ԰󱦲ģȡɶȻع飬ˣ̼ȿԻһʲƵĲƸҲԱŵע⣬Ӷ󻼡
ֱ֮ʿǸһĨЦΪƾ񣬱Դ򷢹ĳ
ǰ񣬹δأǰҪұ㽫׸ˡɫƽ֪ҲвԺΪܴ£Ϊ֮ݣо䣬һԸϢˡ
ʿЦݳ׽סЩţ㾹Ȼܹϵǣ
ʹ֮Ϊ˼ȴֲɵøƶЦãһСŮޣǱڽв۵Ȩ迴Ǽͷɫ£Ҫ㻣סˣ
ʿһԣܷУ֪ʥ֮µˣΪס˱ţȴֱ֮
СŮޣ֪Ŀģ㲻ð׷Ļˣķҽ̺ڰɱ֮Ϊ߹ʥ̽λ뢵Ĵۣ˭Ҳı䲻ˡ
ʱʿԣһ£泤ʿزһ䡣
壬мֿȡ֮鸽ʥ̣Ӵ֮ΪʥЧͣԿǷŹǣ֮ͬ£Ҳɼ̡
һ仰ȴһּΪصʶֱӳԺ֮С
΢漴Ǻ½޼ˣǻ԰㰵вһƿ壬
һмӦ𣿡
Ȼ㣬ֻ˵һʵѣǴ˲ϴӦǱֻðɹˡ
аһ£⻰ʲô˼
㲻ǵɹӵİΣðΪۻȥʵɲأǲû˺ɹӣкţߣҲδһ١
½Ц
һĨâ漴вɵӿŭ⡣
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𣿡½޷·ϵ˵ϾصǴһԡ
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Ӱǻ䣬صײǺ½ϣǺ½޵ͨ죬һ¶޷ֱӱ㱻ײ˵棬һҡضУ׹޿ӡ
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ӴĺӰڣ½Ի࣬ҴҷҪ룬ȴֻǻ˷ܽгһѪͬʱſӰаСС壬Ƿȥ
һҶ˺֮Уǹֱ˴˺ҧᣬݺݵضԱߵŭĿӣʩвһ̻ʵʳźӰܿ½޵ķ඼̳ԴȻδؿʿ
ʿͣ׺ĺ¥ǱĹʿص²ٴУޱȵؿͻȻɱĪ
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ԭɢ֮ҵԪ;֮ҲͬһεɣʧӰ١
֮䣬һɰͣɽϿմҲʼֹͣ
ؿŷˣŵ૵


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ٷִʱȫ޷һģʿҲס΢΢һ£ав
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ŷ֣һöı飬Լǽ˱
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ǧ˵ƳʿҲ֪ʲôҪѺ½µĺɫ˿ߣŷ˹
ȷǰ˲ʿ̥䣬ǲһҪϡ
¶ɫ˵Ҫһжˡ
˵仰㾶Խ䣬ڱղŵһսΪƽصĻɽ
ԲʿߣҪ뿪⴦Σյĵطȴס򣬵𶯣סڤ֮
ֻеһů˲֫ٺȫɢ
˵Ҳ֣ûůвκȲǷҲԪʹѪµĺһ±㻯ŨѸɢڿС
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ôû˰ɣеؿʵ
ûˡҡͷĿȴڽӽĹʿ¶˼־衣
ҪҲµ˼Цڡ
ĳμ𡣡ʿڸ֮󣬱·˫ڵжԣǾδһ㣬ֵľٶϼġ
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ǲһʱͿϮ壬ħֹĴɣɶΪմӣǰʲô˵
ʿһһףȴֻĬȻ
˿̵ﻹиղʱϼ޻ߵ;ĩ·ˣΡ
ԥһ󣬹ʿ̧ͷαƣкĳһ˶еǡ
Ȼ̾һͻȻгһѩС
оѶﵽʢҪжȴС͵طʿԼüһ̣
۵һ죬ѽ̴üġ
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ܴѽ֮ǰвöѳãɱˡû˿仯·ǰصĲһԲޣһֻͬϡ
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ǰߵĺȫԳܣλΪºͣء
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޷ܵĺҲֻȡһ;
ʿҲǸ֮Ϊǣ󣬶˵ֱ£ľ뢻ῼһģʰо֡
Ѿģҷ˻漴ЩǸȻʦ㣬һ̫٣ܿ࣬Ҳίˡ
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һ̣·Ǽϵصжسһ
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ȿȡϲɾǧ괫档ʱͯѷ˹Цݵ
ϲԵħõԲʿ
Щ³çĺ¥Ҳ֪ΣȻûϲκηϢֲͬһ㷲˵Զ䣬ȴΪԵı־ηæɹ¾
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ǺƴǵҲֻǲʥλʥһλϵöѣʥ嵱еĵʿųʥӵܣַⶫϱŭεֻһλе
ǴĶ֮Уҵ棬ͬ棬棬ˣλ൱ЩҲ׵
Ǵ˿̣Ķ˵λ𣬱Ǻ췲˵гʿӾ޴󣬱Ͼ޳죬ֻҪ̿޳֣ٽ޳ɵѹǶȽ١
ټ죬޳ԲɵĲ֪ڶȽһسˣв٣ΪһĵûоԵİգ޳֣Ҳ˿ɣ
ڣȴһĳɾͣɲǲη
½޺͹ʿһȺɵˣȫ޷⣬ΪιʿͻȻأʧȥ֪Ƕ֣æɢӡ
Żعɫ΢䣬Ҫˡ
޷ܲ˵ġ
Ȼʵ棬ȫµĲΣЩͨʿʧȥȤԲʿп࿴һۣͨ龳֣Ȼû˿ֵעĵط
ķ˷ԸЩʿΪ㣬һԻ뿴һۡ
·ܵ⣬˷ܵغһʱݺݵЩɢӿʿ
һһܿЩ޷֮ʿҧס̳ȥ

ٹ壬һʱķҰһֱδ̬ţҲڵһʱɳʹǰȷϡ
Ҳ֪̽ʵĴ㣬󷽷ؽӼ鹫֮ڡ
ʹҲǼʶ㲩֮ȷ̱֮㴫Ѷȥ׼ȥˡ
ܹңţǰ׼ңܻɽԣһϲ£ζǵӪ֮УֶһλܹӵԶӰǿδ꣬ʣҲ
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ʿӵͨжӰ죬һԪΪ磬ıֶǼãѺ޵ġ
вȷģֻոնȽ٣δ㹻ǿĻ˭Ҳ֪ʵΣеʿݣҲԻŵĶ֧ˣϾΪζųǧϵƿ֮ȨĴڣһλ
ڿʼ֮£Ҳ֮һ޹ʹС£Ǳص¼죬絴ħһ켩ɱаÿҲѸٱ϶ʥʩѹ
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ȥתһȦɻЩԺ֪ǰ˽ٳԼתΪΣعȵĽİȴȥ޵һͿվǺһûñڴҵȰ˵֮´ɻعöӺͶϱžȥ
һͻģһʬ
һͨŮ޵ʬ
ʿ֮ŴҲԳΪϵŸ֡
Ȼ˹ʿûҽӽ壬ڴ֮ҲƵƿնȥ˶֪Ůޱǵսٳɵʿ
⻹Ǹɾ䡭࿴ʬҲɵ̾һ
Щ˶ٹϵ˶洫Ҳݲϱߣȴʼͬѥɦץסؼ
һʲôûˡ
Ҳˣ˽࣬ǹȼһнΪڵĸ֣֮ǰȣҲֻѷһ𽥲࣬ԭⱳһϵе¼һҲǸӵеӴ壬ơ
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Щˣͬ˵ˣľУһ˿ֵ
֪֮Ҳɵøеľȣ̾ϢһӴңӦоӦһҲۡ
ԽԽ⣬ΪִҪս٣ˣȷһ壬ȻΣһЩһɹ̻
ڣǿʼʱˣ£ǧ꣬Դ˾֮л棬Ĵ󹦵¡
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˽᣿ô򵥡΢΢һЦƽȴƺ޾ķ籩ҵٻҪʱҪˣڳҲ١
ѹǴһ˿ɭȻ֮⣬Ȼ˹Ǳûлͷˡο½δɱһӰ٣ܹʾֶΣ
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ô˵ȻûôױŹȼҡ
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һӵеĺִǱ㲻Ǽ򵥶ǽݵսˣûоԵİ֮ǰҪء
ˣøˣʧܣˡ
ȻҲ֪һ㣬ͷӵͨûбѹĻֻҪԪδбĻᣬǼ֧Ȼ׽ԼվΪǿУˡռŵǷ񱨸Ҳǵõҵٻ֮ڱܹܻͣ㹻Աʱ򣬱ǴѾõǧңҲҪҵ˱ᣬ֮ڣ˭ҵȷâ
½뢣ԪǱ޴ƣٹһЩ£¶ɵĿʼȼҵƾ뢣һԪþҪ
ţⳡεսδʼԼվʤһߡ


801 ҵ
ŮʬԼʿ֮Ѿʱȥ
ʱѱͻȴй»֮ޡ
ɶɻ֮Ҳÿˣ¶ĹϵŰ˷Ԫ½һȵ壬һƬ
ǸðһǸûӡ
ɵöٻӹ˼һͷȥϷݼ
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ɶԣףĸ׺̴ӿΣҲ֪
һ˲ţֻϧΪЩҲڴԼӡ
ɽյ֮꣬ģҲü֮䣬мƣǽĸŵ㣬ˣҲΪ⡣
ֻע⵽ɵΪ֮ʱֲɵüаʧ̾Ϣ
жഫ
ʱѾ˵ˣӲȣǸѵӡ
Ѿӽ죬¶õĹ⣬ǲǵȵõĻԵҲǳ֮£뵣ġ΢ЦӦ
ֵܱȻǲ̫ԶҲûʲôĵ̣վǿһ˲űܻġ
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ҲףҪʩվȱ˼
ɶѾɼҵΪҲ˵ʲôˣԺٺЩ޹ؽҪù𣿡һ֮󣬰׶ѵһ
ԲϲýѣķķչҲвСİΪǷԣûнؾ֮ǰһжֻͽͣչɣʲôʱﵽؾˣʲôʱٳء
ΪɲϣӹµһмʮˣȤΣҪʲôҲؾ˵
֪ˡЩηӦ
Ӵ٣ɲƤЦټҡͷʾⲻɶײףʲôģҲֻѹڶˡ
һ֮ɻȥˣȻʵˣ
Ѿӽ졣
ӽԶԶһ粻ȥɷ֮һӽܹĨƽġЩ⡣
ʦ㣬㣬ȽЩ꣬ʵ̫ˣ֪ĸܶȥس֮Ҳһʲôô
˵أҲ÷̾һЦ˵õҲǡ
ҲˣУýһ¼Ϊأֵʶս죬ȷӵԪǰ;
ҲΪǺá
༫ΪأһǼޣಢδ磬ҲˣˣѾã
ף겻壬ҲǶȽ֮ǰ˵
һж꣬ȡѷ
ͣһ£ֵѷ㣬Ҷֻһ㡣
ԥȻʧЦ̫飬ȻѾҲǹȥǰֻһ࣬Թ˼ѡ
Ȼֻմܼ㶼ɣնһ¡
Ժһ࣬ҪȫעҲˡ
̾һʵѾﱲΪĵ뢣ѾԹ˼Щ顣
죬ɷ֮
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Уᵮţͬʱӹš
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һĻͻȻ֮䣬ͷ


804 ȡ췣֮
棬Ȼڽҫ֮»ָᣡ
ʶ֪̽궼ɽǧ귵ص꣬һ֮ࡣ
˾޴ı仯ȫ޷Գȡ
Ϊؾʦܺ绽꣬ɽҲȷɳͨ󣬵ȴ֪Щʵ㲻ʲôҲĳ
ǧ͸ΨңΪ档
Ӵ̤֮ͷһüʹ˷ϻָͯԪͨ
ǰĺԲҲ̥ǣϻͯһ˵ȴǼ屾ӵеǱܣӺ֮תΪ֮١
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⹦Ԫ׼
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Ҳûǿ󣬵ֻƬ͸¶ĶҲѾˣ㹻͸ؿźʿıʡ
֮ԡڽ֮е棬Ϲâȥ¶˻ĵ΢Ц
ʱ壬
ϲ̫֡ʿ˹ϲ
غȴһкҲ򣬱㾶ֱ뿪ˡ
ʣ˷·ϵҲΪֻ֣ȥıӰü

ʽ֮ûпæµˣڼӽֵħã뵽Լ¡
ͬʱ˿ıҲļǱ֮ѹ
ɽϵģ½ɹٻǱıԭ壬Ȼ֮С
ߣҪ˱һţͬʱҲҪտԼ壬ߣȴҪ¡

ɳǵĸ̨ϣʿ۾ЦʵΣ
лǰڷˣ֮ڣӦԸˡ˵
ãڳ;ҪšӸ
ȻҲ֪㣬Ӧǡ
Լɽϼţʵǰ֪Ԫһ˵
ԪΪ⣿ɻ
漴Լ֮¸Ӳɫһü˵£֮ˣǱĲãȷ˼طԶɹҲȡ컯Ϊõͨɵ۶ա
ȻϬȡ
˵һӦְɵŸĹԪֻǽʿõ֮졣Ӹ̾
ҲطƳ磬Ϊ֮̾
һζˣҲ֪֮ɵû䣬ͨԶԶţȱɵʢ֮ʱ쾡ɷĵ̣ȴû뵽˵һЩͨطλԶŵǰҲҪΪ֮̾
ҲɵðľһĻ򵥡
ŵȷΪͳʱյɣԷˣ񷨣ٸʿɽĵرŷȣԵ뢣ŵͳˣƿ֮
⹦Ԫֻ漰ŵһ׮ܴУԶɵˣɹͬһԴ
׼֮ûԼ⣬ҲΪ˷ǣ̫㣬֪ʱ
ֻǲ֪ҲɥʧֶΣ棬᲻ȫ׷ƿصĩ֮
ûбҪٸʵףõ֪ʱԻģ»췣֮Ϊֵ
ǰԼǡӦ
ȻҲ֪Լı磬Ϊȡ췣֮ر
ʱ֮ѳɣֻԼһҵʶҲѼΪٻţⱾһŵΪ
ΪԵʣѾ֮ϤԣԽҪ飬Ҳʮ㡣
ʱԶɹڴ˴췣֮ȡˣһɹԶһһ߽ϵԶ
ҽȻԶȶ׼ٻȴֻ֮ͨûرܵõ췣ۣ֮ӵеϳ˵ʵ
¶һ˿ڴɫ
ʱΪʲô鱦ֵһӣѰ֮ʺԼԸ˷ʱ侫
֮ͬǰ̫ɽһϣβ
췣ۣ֮ȴǼԦɷԪѹͷħĹЧõԼ֮УҲײС䣬̱ԶԶԽѰ뢣ﵽϳʿһĳ̶ȡ
ʿľ磬һʱ֮ʵȴǿƾ
ƣ췣ۣ֮ԶԼǼġ
ⲻֻƷߣƷԵʣԼԨԴƾԣȡĻԭ
֮ǰԲòֱֽͨģǰİαƵ췣֮۷࣬Ѿ֤ԼԦ׷漫
һ췣֮ȡϻʩչиɻ
ˣ˿־ڱصá
ǰȥˡӵһȻһٷ𣬽֮Ͷ뵽ϿããĿС
ߴܶżΣա
֮Ӧܣ㲻һ㣬ҰǰããһƬʶҲ·ܹ
ʱʶӦģƽԶĳ춥ľ޶·ŭ֮еһˮۣӿƣ˾κˣؾš
Щ޷˿ЦһһͷƲ֮УϵسԼĿӽ
Ȼ֮ͬǰһ㣬ϵ׸û֮еĵʿȻѰ׺ˡ
־һʱ䣬ĵѰͽӽͻȻͣ
Ŀ⣬Ͷǰ춥
Ҫˡ
һУźڰɫʱʱųľ޴󶴿ߣеĿڡ
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罻㣬˺ꡭѰʿʮ
ܵΣյΪǰҲ;Ѿ׼ˡ
һתĽױ鲼ЩڤϢʱ޷ʴֺ
֮񣬶ЩѰڤ֮ĵֿҲǿࡣ
Ͼٶĥ꣬Ȼױ١
ԼƮ·һɽ֮Уͨδ֪ߴգħ߰Ŀֲ
һ·ϣʱʱŨܵĺӰǰӹ
ȵʶЩӰ֮ʱɵһ
ЩӰɢ̣翾ľ̿һħʬǡ
ÿһߣǳǧɡ
Ĺǳᣬɽ壬¥Ǵ̡
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⴦ѷ죬ȻԶħʬǣ·һس
޾ļȣһƬʧʱ֮С
ЩǹͼԽ磬֮룬ֻɽǱħʹܡ
Ҳ֪̺޵Ļᣬܿϧûһܹӹ׻ȫˡ
ԶŵʱԪȴû֮˵֮Ҳʱྶͥ
Ҳǡ֤췣֮۵ֱǿף
Ҳ֪˶ã⴦ͨδ֪б˶ˣ͵سһֻڰ׷ͬ۾ͫľ޴۾һԴã֮Ϣʱ
췣ۣ֮
΢һ£æͣ
췣֮۾࣬ǵ֪ԼĶԨԴпȡɵõټϣʿӵ֮ܣͨ׷ݱԴ꣬ٸʱҲҴע⡣
ӵĶƶ˱˰췣֮໥Ӧ
ȻͬѪӦӿͷԲ췣֮ƺһ΢С飬Ѿ˿ǻۣȵط̽ѯ
Ҳӽˡ
Ϣһ̣û˿ԥ;壬Կ飬Ȼɡ
ϵĶ˵˼£׹⼤ӿ֮С
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һٽƼΪƵĺڰи֣е޴ͫ¶
ûм˿ֻǾþš
΢û˿طȥԼ̻¶췣֮۵ĺΧ֮ڡ
췣֮ۡǵ֮ͬҵȣȫ͹֮£ҲҪҷˣ㲻УԵ³ΪȡҪԨԴͼշ
ǰἰշ췣֮۵ĿܣҲΪȻʼգҲûоԼĺ±Ǳҷƾ֮ǰµһ˿꣬Լ춦ʮ䣬ָܻ
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ԽϣԽḺ́ԽѣиҪؽѣв³
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췣֮۵һ£ƺϡģУҵʶϢ
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Ĵ췣֮ƺԥһ£ıܣȻǵ
ڴʱͻȻץסʱһ
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췣֮۵ı壡
췣֮ȻץУɵ͵һϹӵ·Ҳ
һɷ·ԻصĿֲۡ
ܿ죬ԴԴϵشӿ˳Ȼ֮ͣ췣ۣ֮
ʱо·һԨȫɿţһʱĶ׺;ȫ췣̰֮˽ȥ
ֱ˴ʱ֮ʼð͸ʱ򣬷жһ
Ȼ£췣֮ۡ
췣֮ϵ·ûȥ۵Ŀֲȴʧèˣһһѱذġ
ԶɹͷĥԶħ񣬼磬ѳͨȻôշˡ


805 ɣԶ
ȡ췣ۣ֮֮еǸƽ̨
һ·ϣӿԱ࣬Ϊ췣֮ЩԵʡ
췣֮۱ȡδʱ󶼽ܵӰ졣
ԣȴӵԶԿϳ˵ǿһж޹ء
Ҳܵ˴ϴǿеʵΣ
΢ЦѾС
˵ţ̯֣ѷԼĵ췣֮չ¶
ʱ췣ۣ֮ǱţǹͭɵһС⣬˿ǿֻǰλӲ֪ǺεȿֲĴڡ
췣ۣ֮գһ֮ɱħ
ȱѰż֮зֵʲôкԱģԶʱдϡ䱦
췣֮䵽ҲɵȻ̾
ڴ˿̣ѵ㻹üţ췣֮뿪ҪʱʱעɳǣħҪֹˣĻŻ
֪췣ۣ֮ħ֮һൣֹ鴩ΣҼȻѾҪҲ翼ǹһ㡣
µĻһᵣεģң⴦طصģɳǡ
˵
ɳǣǿҪ޳ԲľŽԶŵɵۣҲĪˡ
ڣӦˡ
֮£췣߽֮Ҳޡ
ж֮ǰѾǵһ㣬Լľٶƽǣ
΢΢ͷ֪á
ֵȡ֮ұҪʽ̽Ѱɽˣϣܹն񡣡
ȥɽ磬ԣ̽Ѱһżô򵥣׷ѰԶɵ壬Լϵ۵ĴпԵõͣܵһɹܣԶɷ֮
Դˣżϣ
ҲΪһ죬ѾʮȥҲʱˡ
Զ֮ʱɵʢҵȹңڵʷش䣬ɵ޹䣬ҲĪ˴˹ԴԺҡ
ϣԽδ䱳Ѱҳ֪ҲȴƽһԸ
ǰһᾡΪġӦڴ֮ǰùСʵҴʱûƿ췣ۣ֮ȴϿ׽ҪƿҲǳ֮£ȵ͸÷ʵǣƥϳʿˡ
ӵǵͬһʵĻ飬ʱػ࣬ʵҲֱӵġ
ʱѵõ¶һ˿֮ɫʵʱѾڴ˴ɽ絽׷ʲô£Ҳ˽⣬ǱȻǾ춯صı仯ǰȥΣա
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Ϊ֮Ψһǻ飬֮бܹش٣񣬿Ǵҡ֪֮ͨıǨһУֶģģֻܹƾ׹ĺǣһҡ
ĲңĨļįǣʩչͨĿԼ֪ˡλǰԶ֮ʱҲһλݺµߣͬԼļˣѣԼǣҡ
ٴ֣صͷӦǣҳô˻ᣬɽ統
ܲ²⵽ɽ羭䣬ɶ׷䣬ӵļ䣬Ҳǲ׺ɣûʲôôٱһ֪Ҫõöࡣ
пܴڵΣգҲ˲ôˣܲȱΪ̽ѰɽðЩգֵõġ
οΪ˲ӦȫԼļֱڴ˴ߣȽ֮գ已˻ɽٻ
㱾䣬ԪҲָ
Ϊ̡

˺ʱ䣬ıϢڽָ˼ԪȻ󣬽춦ĹЧһټָ
˺󣬱ٴͶãã֮УͨңԶδ֪˰
ʱѾ޳֮ױ㴩˹ȥ
ıԵ֣ȡͼֻһĵͼչա
Ȼֻһ룬ͼҲȷʵѾԷãϾ֮ǰͼڲɹ½ȱ˴ħ񣬵ǴʱѾûбҪЩƣһΪ
ֻҪùȥֳĶҲ£ȥҲѰ·
Уͨ췣ۣ֮Լöιˣʲôµģ
ˣ֮󣬺ܿѡһΪʺϵ·
Ӵ˴Ӧ֮ڵձʩչͨ뿪硣
·УȻ󣬼ǰ

һ·ϣԾʱʱռƯħʬЩħľ磬꣬ʱò
⴦ʱշ·ͣ͵ĵطب㡣
ֻԶʱǿᣬȴǲ統ߵһ·
ԸоЩħʬϣѾûϢڴʱҲһǴһЩϡ֮ħʬĵرˡ
Ƥ޹ǣħڵԼѰЩԶħõʵҲϳ˷ıİ
Լã͸ʹҲǺõģȱ̡
ǰУһǳո
棬Զʱɹפͥĵط
ϡԷֱסĺۼֻʣصĲԫϱڣưܵĳ¥̨ͤ˵޵ı
һһ˺۵ľ޴ħʬ£׵ľ޿ӣѵɽͺͺһƬĻԭ޲ʾЩޱȵĴս
ϡǵãλǰ˵ڴ˴פͥȴʱǨӦѲڡ
Ȼ˴ĳӡ֤ԡ
û˽ĳһ֮󣬱ٴ˳ǣ򣬰һЩ۵ĲʬУֻԭ֮ϲųɰǧкк
ЩɶǷֲϣĵĺö

֮Уɣʱʱǿ׵ӿ
ǣЩһߵ⣬Ʊһ˽ȥʧ
ѰʿվȴǡͥŲ
ߵ췣ۣ֮
ʱʱ׹ǼѰҳ·
ʱѾ뿪ԶսԶˡ
⴦Զս⣬Ҳ˵ǳ뿪һķΧ̤ããδ֪ʱա
˽֮⣬һͬӰ嫵ľ޴ԪبںУ֪ͨη
֮û˿ԥֱǰ
Ҳ֪˶ãͨһԪ˰
ǰģһƬĺڰ
·һӻնֳɫ
̾һҵ⴦־
ӡͼҲмأȴѾǱԵӡ˰Զɽ硣
طղͬգȻ˿Ķ磬·ѾԶЩҡ˴˵֮еĻڡ
ʱָоԼͺǴӳޱߴ󣬶ı˰Ǵ˵֮еɽ硣
ͨǰɽ磬ҪϺ췣֮ѹأѰµʿͨͨˣ⴦طҲץϹ
Ŀ㣬Ҫޱ޼ʣ̾Ӷ޵ľη
Ѱ׷ˣʮ֮رһѧ֮ʿ̼֮ͣǧ࣬ʦ壬ػ£Ҳһ֮ء
ǵʳΪʿҲļʶл龳ǰ磬ʿһ֮
һȫò
˿ȷţԼѾıԵ߱Ǵ˵еڤ֮ޱߺڰ֮ڡ
Щ⣬룬ȥɽͨȻҲһƬڰ⡣
ԥڻ̤һƬޱ֮С

һƬڤյĺУʱ·ʧȥ壬ֻٻͷ˻Ȼֱɽ壬Ҫҡ
һȥããޱߵĺû˿仯
ȥȻԭء
ȥԾû˿仯
ȥȥ

һʮꡣ
ǰҲûϵɽ羹Ȼ֮ԶƾԼŲƵֶΣʮ꣬ȻǼ߼ʡ
ɵòһ˿ɻ󣬵µҲʧһ꣬һƾռȡõԪι췣ۣ֮һ߼ǰ
ͬʱɽϵٻҲûзɣŨԪšʱҲһ㣬ƿش֮⣬ײˡ
ֹʮ꣬ϡƾĸӦԼķ˻ЯѪ⾫Ԫʧǵ޵ʱ
ǣȻ㡣
ཫ֮ںɽλԹ˰ݼ
ٹʮ꣬ʱ̤һƬպѾʮˡ
˲СĹڽԼһ߱Ԫñȱ˳Ž췣֮ιǵñԽѱڡ
ôеʱ䣬㵱ǱչǱޣԽôƿһĦء
͵أܵǰһĪҫ۵⣬ǻĹĻޱߵĺĻ֮ɢ
Ҫˡ
ϲ
ܵʿΪǱѰʮ;Ҳĥеģ˽
ȻڴʱһĪϤ֮ӿ˹ģɵһɼΣ
Σû·һƬǻĹĻһֻ޴ĹޣѪڵ
׻ʲôаԳԾ
ѾǵʿܱһĪļ¶ˣȻ֮˹ȥ
¹ȥһƬǺ֮УɵöҪͷʱǰһƬãĴأڳǰ
Ȼǰ龰ȴɵٴδһ
Ȼ֣ԼȻһ鿴ǹµĻ½Ͽա
һﳤͺͺĵ죬ôظա
Ⲣеȵԭ
ʱɵʧ䣬ش䣬һƬգȻ磬Щ綼յ̮ڤ֮ʧˣʣĵطλ߹¼ţҲΪ档
еȵģԼǰһĻһʶĸо
ܵӿŨŨ֮ʱַ·ҪϢĸо
ȻǸط
ޱȵ𾪣̧СȥȻ֣ĵΣԼʱ򣬵ɽСһ㡣
ĪǣɽҲһɽƬֲû֮
ȥһ飬ҵ˴𰸡
˵֮Уش䣬ɽɢ䵽֮У뷲һҲΪʲôƯ˶ЩطɽԪʧ
֮Ǳüãֻʧȥƽͣòա
뵽Ȼ飬̧Զȥ
ԶƬһСǰ
֮еɽ磬ȻΪɢ


806 ͫ
û֮еݣʱɽ磬һƬɽˮ
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һ߸̾ţһСؽӽ⴦ط
ȻѾǵʿӵֱֶΣҲѱɵΣա
㣬ͷһƬ
֮㲻ɵһйĸо
ܽʮ;Ϊһ·ʼղ֪յںηȴԸоÿһ춼ڲϵؽӽʱʱ̣̿ջ
ɽƬǰһŶϤʶͷţ̽ԶҲֻǳ޵ľ룬ɽԣֱֵһᡣ
о޿κεģ֣⴦յԪҲǾֹܵĻĵƬȻŻƯ
˵Ưٶȼ¼ƶľ룬Ҳת׶ͨ˲Ϣ֮Ųƣɽ磬ȴʱʱ̸̿ıŶһϷǷţȫ޷ա
ʱ֮ǰܹΣ֮УٴӿͷĪһСĺ󷽿ȥ
ʲô
ֻһۣʱ׹ԨȻ󣬺ԥתӡ
Ȼ췭ظǰһƬת˲Ϣ֮䣬㵽Сǰ
תʱʩչ״ݣԴʱΪһתɶݳ⣬Ȼת˻
ķ£·ʱմңҲûͨ;
һֻ޴ĺɫԲͻȻСո֣
⾹Ȼһֻɽ֮ʱֹľͫ
֮־ʮǿޱȵķһ±ŷܵգȻһ󶴡
ʩչǬŲƵֶΣ̱Ҫٴδ⴦ط롣
֮ǰڤãã޼ʣҲǣ˴ȴƾٻĸӦֱӷء
ܵգȻ·˹һ㣬ͬʱ˷ѹȹ
޴Ļ֮У·ħӰһֻһֻǿޱȵħͷ֣׷ӿ֡
Щħͷ֣ȻÿһͷǴﵽԲǿᣬʱѾǵʿͻѵȺǣ̱㱻Щӿֳû
Ȼһ죬ͫ·Ƿζʳ
Σʱ̣ȫӿ֣ﵽ˽׾ĶײҪǮؼӿܡ
䣡
̱ͫ㱻һֱ޷ʱħӰҲ·˿ǣ׷׽ֱԭأȻڻһƬ׹֮С
֮ʿҲǵʿжԸЩͻȻðعȻҲڻ¡
Ҳʱŷ֣ԭǰֻͫԶԼɽ֮ʱֻҪСö࣬ǹԲ̶
ͫ׹֮нֱһͻȻһĳȻȥ
ת֮䣬ûգʧ
ÿȥҲ죬ȵҪ׷֮ʱѾʧˡ
һ£ҲûѭϢ׷ΪܵΣա
ղŵֻȻԶȶɽ֮ʱҪСö࣬ڴ˵أȴֻһֻ
ԸܵиľͫһƬ֮УʱԼ׷ȻһӵϣԼɡ
ղֻֻнΪǿһԱѡ
طĪĹ죬Ȼ鶼Сֲ飿
ޱȵľ裬ʼջ֮ȥΣոоţı
룬ֲľ뿪
ʮֵСģڻ䵽˻ĵϡ
Ȼͬ濴һ㣬һƬɳޱȵ
ץһСģʱ㷢֣һǰδ촷ۡ
ǱģսֻЩٹΪ
ϴɽ̫ϵ棬ȻüƵĳȴûйϸһΣڵɻ󾡽⡣
ʱѾ֪ЩгֵĹΪλữĹΪԶ֮ʱ֮ǲö⡣
£νش٣ˡ
лһ˿ǣ񣬸˷֣Լܵؼ䣬ĹղųֵֻСҲɣһǱ
Ǳ·û̶֮еݣ飬˴Ŀġ
٣ַɾͫһʱ֮Ҳǰˡ
ҲݲסȺǣ˵ͬǼΪΣյġ
ĵ׼񱩵֮ǷܹԼΪ
һԣȴ֣춦Ȼ˴Ԫ
ΪϲΣ֮ҲǱѰԪΪŨģܹãĵرһĶ
ΣأǲҪóȻǰΪãֻӦԱ
ǣһӣĵϿޣ˳ܾͫĶıһж
ʱַЩͫԡ
ЩͫһĹȻĲ飬һֽ֮䣬ɬԪɣıʣͳϫ磬ױЩƣͬǣѾһ˿־
Ȼ伮֮мأλʿи֮ҲԸ̸ȴֻƬֹ֣١
ǰ
ĵ֮ϣգԼʱµޱ֮ң磬ͨλӡ
΢˻Ӧڵˣ
УҲЩڴ
ʮ꣬һȥûлԣȷʵѰ֮
Ȼ֮ãѾϰ޾ļ尾͵ȴǣԽӽ֮ʱּп̬ܵȴ
Ϊ޹أûгն˭ᱻЩ˼š
ҵˡ
Ҳоλǰ̬һʱ֮Щԥ֪˵źá
Ĭһ֮ʵԼĳǰһƬɢյҲ֪ǲɽ磬ҷЩͫ
ʱ˳Ĭ
ڵĵط±ɽ硭
ãΪԼͨãʧȥʱӵٴ
ˣɽ粻ӦȻǬԪǰָ㣬֮ǰ֪¶ҪΪǴ˵֮еڤ硣
Ҳδӵ
ڲ˵Щʱǰ㣬βط̽飿Щ鷳
Լ˵һ飬ȻоͬشĪĸоӿ
ʶʼģҲΰ֮룬ʵˡ
괩գңı׶ˣѾǵ뢣ҲԼ֡
аæҧ֡
ҲĶҡɿС٣ɢʵںͷ»ȴʱٶ̽Ѱ
Ʈ첻壬˯ﴫһ㣬ҲȻһΰ֮عֻоȫɿţʶֱѾӽ;ƿݵıԵ
΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ҪƬ㰲ȫĵطָܼ̽Ѱ

ǲΪӪС̽ѰĵһƬյǰС
һۣ˼ֻСһЩľֽ֮ͫعĪϤ֮У˵ģĿǰιѱշ÷췣ۣ֮ǼΪ
ɵûɣ췣ۣ֮Ҳǲմɵġ
ôŵʱͻȻ֮䣬ϵ췣֮۴һĪļ¶
ھһԱĳ˯֮˹
޿κΣٴμιʱ췣֮ȴͻȻǷµζ󱥺ε
Ҫϡ췣֮۵ޱȡ
ϸ˼һ֮ȴ˹һԵͷ
תץһֻԼİɼС;ͫȻһεöȻ췣֮˳
췣֮۸ܵ˾ͫϢû˵̱дзɳǾͫ
ͫ󾪣ֻһֻ۾״ûòȴش䣬ܵ˿־Ϣ·һ㡣
Ȼ췣ۣ֮
һ£漴ֹͫȻ׹ӿлẓ́Ȼ췣֮Ϥ˽ȥ
ԿǾ֮ͫУкͬҺһĻͻͰâ췣֮֮·һ£ǿҵ׹֡
Ȼڼǿ
һȴҲѧ췣֮һ㣬ץһֻͫȫ˻һεĽֻ׹֮ɴСľͫʧḻԪԼ
춦ЩԪȫɣûһ˿һ˷ѡ
֮췣֮ҲˣλƵط˻С
ǲ־ͫԶЩħʺҼԪܹǿģǱˡа
ͻȻһԼʵĽݾһݾҲҪðյġ
ȱǣ⴦طѰʿû·
ߣͫﲢǺ޷֮һŭǣ롣
Щͫٻ֮еһЩǿߣʿɽ֮ʱ֣ܳ޷ȹѵʿ
⣬ȻԼѾǵʿӵ췣֮ǿҲǡ
϶һ֮εɢɽƬԵ׽һЩ䵥Сͫ
ʱҲˣСǧɿģԼӦЩ̺֮ҲԽԽǿᣬǱУҪ㡣
ЩʮǧȻжԶԶһҲǡ
Ȼ֣Щ޴۾ȻӵŹȥ֮һǿϢԶԼ³˵ʿҪǿöࡣ
ʱ̣е췣֮ҲȻʧɫһ㣬ƴԼ
ҲףЩﲻǡ

ããգҹһת۱ٹ꣬ڲ㹻ͷľͫȫװ춦ѹš
ڴ˵غķʱ⣬һֱڲϵزС;ͫǿľͫ
һֱֻڸɵԵε඼С;ͫߴǧɵĴڶٳ֣Щ޴вȴʼ޴ڡ
ЩʱʱѹͷΪ㹻Ѿ
ȥǼΪģԴʱʱʱͫȴûΪֻлȥúñչǱޣܳһεջ
òײ˴һˣҲûдôȥ跨;Լ
ЩɢԺʩչմͨң
꣬˴˲֮ͨŲƷҲɵʿ㵽ǣġ
ڿǣҪҪ跨⴦طŲƷ󣬲еѴǴͷ
ֻ԰ȫĸƬ֮ѰһطչǱޣȻɵƬ̽ѰһΡ
޷ͻЩϣֻˡ


807 
ɽΣգԤϣΪ˲ǰһˣȴҲľʹ˷
ǣƬΧԵֱ֮󣬷ٴ̤;
һ·ȻޱȵĻ߹¼ţһһɽƬвɵðпԾȴҪǰһ̽ͷ
ϾǲʺѰʿ˵Ļûջ񣬵ֻ⴦طŲƷӵܣѾĺôˡ
Щͫõõô
⴦ط׽ͫ˼Ԫһʱ֮䣬Ҳûջ񣬲һҲżΪΪĵزѾǼ򵥵ˣҪǶԵ
о⴦طĻԵڡ
ַһۣٴʩչͨӣ֮Լļƻ
ǰɽ̽Ѱ㻤ҷ񡣡
ģڴˣܱһ
֮䣬ͶԵѣѾʮĬ
Ҳ֪Ī⣬ȻǼԿο
ĿٴͶ֮ʱļᶨٶ·
һΣ뿪ԼεĸԵʼ̤ɽ
ããգȴظһˮ̶ĸо·ˮžżȻٿһ
ȴ֪յµĹﶢԼ
Щػľͫ
·ҲǲҪͼЩһ·βĹԽؽˣƺɵƮ׷ᡣ
ЩҲǰ׹ģϰپͫ˵ԴָƣҲ㹻˽⡣
ЩͫǻۣȫƾֻܶҪԼԱܹǣ
һΣżȻЩͫƮû˿Ӧʱ˱ܿǵİ취
˵Ҳ򵥣Ǳ춦ȻȡδȫתΪԭʼԪϢʹ֮
һ֮ѾܹģԼװΪͫҡڵش߾ҲΣա
Ŀĵ£ڲܵĻƺ仯
ĸƬƺһЩ
оͫĸͷҲΧҪ󡣡
Ϊʶ壬̽Զȴǿط֣⸽յÿһԱĵطҪСһ֮ǰ
ȻⲢ֤ʲôҲɼѾĳ顣
һЩƬˡ
вɵ΢΢̾ΪɽưܣҲ̫ߣչЩżһ㣬ӵвԫϱڣ˶żĴڡ
ʱһѰҲֵá
ûϵȻ˵ľ
һƬߣ޿顭ɽûǸɴ࣬Ҳ治֪Զ֮ʱͻȻʲô¡
ûйãַһֵ飬ǰգȻû˿ƬĴˣ·еһжʧ»ָ޵״̬
ͻһƬޣһ̶ˮ֮еĿݣע⡣
⴦طƱʲô
Ժ֮лȻôһãޱߵĴأͻȻȻɽһһƬ
ɽ飬½һжһ
ǿʢһʱɽ磬ҲɺȻ֮³顣
ֱ޿ֲ
ֹһʱ䣬֪գֻ£Խһοݣ¼ɢĸ
Ȼǿݣ
಻
һһ޴Ļգ·ʲôټɽɸӣƬƯֱӻеĵطɴǻ촷ˡ
Ժ֮УȻѾݳࡣ
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ͻȻнʱһɵΣӿͷ
һ·۲ܣΪϸµѰпܴڵټȻҲбԭ򣬹Ȼ˿ܵΣڡ
ԤмαװɾͫϢӶ
ǲǳǰ֮⣬һ޴ޱȵѷ졣
һֻСɣʮľͫ˳
׹ո֣һֻ޴ޱȵĹ˯۾
ޱȵ
ֻеһͷƤ飬ǻȻ֣СһʮɣɣǧɲȵľͫȻظˡ
ЩͫȫŷҫĹâ·һֻһֻ׹
¡
ԼȻѷ֡
ͫ·ǺеĶŵѪȣȿֺѷȥʱΪӴľͫˡ
ɹâشӿ˳׹⣬·գϯء
ڶȽ֮ʱʶĻͻ͹꣬Ȼ֣
Щӵǰľͫʱ㱻һûȻ಻ۼʡ
ֱʱԼ֮ƿնһշƹİ
Ȼľ죬ء
ͻȻһƬڣۼţֻΪӴľͫȻ׹ɱľͫһֻһֻ޹۾ľͫ׷ױ׹⴩͸׽ȻϤӴͫȥ
ȻҲ̳ͬ࣡
һ㣬ޱȡ
ͷһؼĳ
ӽȵ鷢ˣ̳ЩͬԪֻɵľͫȻһͻɴСȻ͵ѷȥ
ڰ֮⣬ԿѷıʲôڣȴԿ϶ضһЩͬѰĶ
ȻӽѷʱһɼΪϤĸо˹
ǡ٣
ڶȽ٣
һ㣬ʱסˡ
ʱʿĶҲסҪеޱȡ
û뵽ɽ˶˵ܣȻ˵Ĺ죬ЩɽĹȻܹܵ˶˵磬ܹӦ֮ӿ֡
ݴԶ֮ʱͥλʿֻҪԲ˳̤ɵֻЩаħŻܵٵĳͷ
ѵֹ֮ͥ
ԭľͫԸܵǿϢʱն
ΪڶȽٵʿὫɣУЩʿˣûӴľͫȻ׶ԸЩʿù޷Ըľͫ
У̺ԪйأָȾѪȣߣͫϲʳ֮徲ߣҲƽͣľͫСһЩ
ò˵ڤڤ֮У
ɺϵɺϵͬԼƶϳһΪµ顣
֣Щ֮ͫԴڣԼԶɹΪһƬ棬ɵʧˡ
췣ۣ֮٣ͫ۾
ӿµǣ޷ʱΣӲ֪Ƿ֪һ㡣
Ǳ˲ֻ֪һ֪ı˿
Ҳʿ֪ЩҲδػкõİ취Ӧԡ
ԶŵɹҪΣԼʲô
Ȼ֮ЩңɵðűֵͫΣգֳһʶ̽˹ȥʱ㷢֣˶˹ȻһӴޱȵǿϢ
һλʵԲɾĸ֣귨ǿ̶ȣѾ³˾ĵƥУΪ겢δԵʣй֮޲
ϣһԵϢȻа١
һԪңƣֽ׿š
һϮ֮ϴ꣬Դֻȫɱ֮һٿΪɱ֮
ʿƺΪζȽ˳ֵ׼޹Ϊأӵֵǿһһµ׵ԵΪɡ
ۿűҪɹȹһ٣󹦸ɵʱһͻĺӰ¡
ͻȻɫһ
ˡ
ͬ٣Ȼ֪һĻζʲô
Ȼһʶ֮ӴָĿֲľͫｵ٣ʿãȻʶ֮УȻޱȵؽ֮˽ȥ
̣ʿû˿֮
ȽҲȻֹ
ֲ֣ܶѰʿҿ⴦Ƚٵĵطھ֮ͫ󣬾һֻܹΪʿ֮бˡ
ҲۼţλԲʿֻ֮ͫͻȻһֲֿٶȾ
Բʿķ࣬ӵǧɵӴٮٮߣӵŽӽɵĳ̶ȣһȫͫɣ̱ʹһ
һֻ֮ͫǳԵñķֹޣȥ
ʱɹͫʵҲڷ췣ۣ֮ͻȻִ˴
߽Ʒߣپָ֮ȻԶԸɴСľͫ
ƺǸֻܵӴͫϴζԪһƺȥ
һԥǹʹطųһ췣ۣ֮ۿͫ
໣
ͫܵ˴췣֮ϴĿϢʱͬУ˻
췣֮ϵһһ˹ȥ
ǿ׹ӿǸոһʿľͫϼұ֣𽥽֮
־ЩˣʱԸǣ뿪
ɫ΢䣬ȵ췣֮֮ǵæҴ롣
ԶгǧĿֲͫߵĶˣ־ͫһҲǡ

һƬձգ䵽ſ֮ĸϢһ֮ѹͷĻ̻ƽ
Ͼǵʿһʱ𾪣Ӱ̫á
ʱйҪЩֱ֪ĳ嶯ѯ⵽ô¡
뵽ԼȽ֮ʱҲһ֪ģֲòס嶯
λǰ²֪
ԶŵɹʲôĹڣЩҲҪƯգӿˣѵԤеĩ֮ڴˣ
Թĩ֮شٵĴ˵һֱΪֻ֪˻Ѱɢ޵֪֮ԣĿǰ֣ȴֻȻ֣⼫пġ
뵽Զɹ޹ʻԼħʿ֮󣬸ϵ쳣
Щ޲Զź͵ʿſµֽ٣Щֽ٣Ҫ磬鹲ͬԿġ
ֱʱƷһ˿춯ˡ
һΪΪΣЩħľ뢣Ե޹ʸʲôħ̫죬ַֺϺϣҲӲͬԿٵǰһеĴ㣬ҽδ֪Ѱ֪֮
һй¶ȥ̱ңʿ
Խ˼Խɷ֣ʿƺһ˫εĴֲٿţҲħԸʲô
Ϊ֮ǰŵľٶרΪԸһˣֻߣֻ̫ɷڿЩ֪ȨͼȡͳʿȨȨֲֻΪλԼĳЩţһִ֮¡
ǰ޷ƣϳ˾ֺ֮ϣȻ֮䣬͸ࡣ


808 ¼֮Դ
ˣǲòǰ
ѾһΪգв±Ҫꡣ
ܷѰԶɹżܹһЩкҲܱȿֶҪá
ʱѾΪðգ֮˴գ໹ϣܹڴ˵õһЩеĲ
ʲôش٣ױ䣬ԼԱ֮ûдġ
ٲãҲҵԼĵرУĸԵģԺٿǡ
ЩͫǿһѾ׽٣ȥ֮оѰ֮͸ֳ
а취ʿҲͣǱ׬ˡ
˼⡣
ǣٱܿԼԶԸӴͫɱܹԸС;ͫ롣
˵صĸԽӴˣȻ֣ԼĲ²Ȼûг
ԽԽпֲܷ֮ɽôܻЩͫ޷ġ
һ󸡵ϡ
⸡ǧﳤ֮ǰССƬ˰ٱֹϣҲڼһЩͬѰĶ
һرû֮е͹֮һǲע鿴±ҪԹȥʶǿرϳǲѰȻ͹𣬷˹ĺۼ
һԥǾȥ
ããѰﲻףòײŷһЩĶɲܴˡ
ڽӽ֮Ĳãɫԥ˾ϲ
ⶫһ
ûд
ģǡɱ¶⣬Լʮɳһֹӵķʯ״
һѰżֲԫϱڣױ䣬סݣҲڣϷʱʶЩߣͣϸ
˼깦ˣûвࡣ
ǰѣһĨһεٿ֮·׷ӿŵش䣬Ȼɢɳ
Ǻʯ䣬ɢ¶µı
Ҳûʲô֮ȴǱȫڵϣϸز̽һ
֮Ե˵ͷһ˵ᣬǱ֮ãȻˣӦĽ
һЩ伮е֪Զ˵ϰߣҲϳ;϶⸽вƵż
Ѱ̽صľ顣
ȻѰĽûʧչȺط˸Զż
ᣬ¥̨ͤһӦȫϡӺ֮УݺᣬȻ
ӣԶ֮ʱһɾסĴǡ
ɳǡ
ҵõĶˡ
ֵطҵżʵطֵż𲻴󣬲õĻҲжջ
Ͼɽ磬УЩƯż඼Ѿϴˢԭòˡ
ϧԵʿ֮𣬸ѰһĻƣͨҲ֮áͬʱСĿԼĶҪ鷳
ĵϣһھʮգҵԶ˵ʬ
Щʬ·ɻɵ˹ǣӨ͸ɢһ˿⡣
ѰѪɵƤ⣬Ѹ࣬ȴǲϻ·ҲüΪá
ΪǵԵʣһ±ϳЩɵݡ
ͬʱҲЩźЩʬ棬û˲лĴڣ֮⣬ɢ֮ˡ
ûɢڿУֵطҲӲЩͫɡ
ˣɵ΢΢̾һ
̾̾СļЩʬǣϵĴϸڡ
ɢĸѾΪ촷ۣʲôҲûȴʬ֤ˣ֮Ҵߡ
ˣЩʬѱЩͫˣﻹȫʬ
ɢ֮¡
Ӧñˡ
ԼĲ²ʮţţЩԶˣضһЩõĶ߾ʾˡ
֮顣
ЩʬϷһ£ȻϣЩɸԶǬЩ£ЩһɽУԼϣõĶ
ǼӵĲ飬պѪΪīһоʾ˵ģ
»֮ˣپͫƵ֣ڽӡɷƪ˵֮֮ϧн𡭡
Ҵһٴμپͫĩ֮ʱ治ɫ
Ψλ˾Ȼ֪ɷƪ¶ϲɫ
ɷƪ׬ˣ
һջ񣬱׬ˣǰɽ磬Ȼûаһˣ
һʬɽ䣬Ȼ׵رѵͬպѪΪī͵Ĳ飬ۿ
¼ɷ¼Ԫϼ澭ǧѪħ¼ԪѪʴ䡭ããǺö
ʱ֣ЩպѪأȻЩͳӵĹûϸȴ䣬ǲɶõϵȹ
⣬Ǵ֮Уŵľ⣬ҲûЩãϾŵĵ伮඼ԶʱڱʧҴݲдż⣬±룬ġ
ЩɷĹУľʧֻΪ֮Ϊޣвȫ͸֮
Ҳ˵ִ๦ȻʺϺȴʧԶԭζòͬΪЩͬϹвپ޾׵Ϊ˶صĴۣҲϹ֮֮ŵԳ졣
ңŵĵأȻԿŸ¼ԴزٴԼⲢȫ޴ۣܴ⴦طɷȫ֧ҵ
Щˣ¶Ĵϳ˹ˣǸŽҲٿ·һЩСŶݼףӵ̡
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ִܿһЩʬǷĹֻܴЩ߼ķţҲо֮
һЩԶ֮ʱĹ
治Զ洫󲿷ĵ伮ΪҲѹ֣ԶŵɵʢĴ֮ʱ飬еʱЩ
ңԶ֮ʱҲǻ֮ʿԷ̤֮·ҲӵִСɱΪǿߵš
ЩԶɹΪĴС
ⷢһջνá
ط¼ޱߣǶЩͫ࣬ĿĵĴѰԤܴڵջ񣬻û̽ıҪ
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պЩı̽طջк¼ݡ
Ѱ̽أһʿȡűֶΣЩջ¼ͼУҲ˽˵귢һЩ¼
ȥ֪ɽ籾ͣһʢȻһ죬Ȼпֲӵӿ֣ͫ
֮ʱ廹ΪֻѰδ֪飬δ⡣
ʱؼ䣬ιŹֵ鶼Уɣˣħֻеһӣ׶ľͫУҲ΢鷳һЩĹѡ
ش¼ĹɣҲġ
˭Ҳû뵽ԽԽľͫɴ˶֣η֮֮Ϊ١
ʱзڵ˵ꡱҲһֹ޵ĳƺ˽٣Ҳ𽥳Ϊ˶Ƚٵ
ȻǲԤ֮£žͫɵʿԽԽ࣬ʵԽԽǿɽ糹ףлɳˣδԴע⣬һǰδеĻս鶼˽
֮󣬱Ǻƽ٣Ÿ˴˹ˣͫﲻϷܣֽ࣬ԽԽʢ
ģѪ壬ҲʧȥԶʱڵĻԻͣëѪ
һص˿֮ĺڰʱ
ش٣֮ҲУǴ
˽֮£һ֮һܣһ֮Զӡ
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ʵƵ˵֮һҲʣЩ̸֮Ȼ֮ߣΪʿУǴĩ޳֮ƽⳤ֮
ЩͫﲻѰ飬ֻӦǿߣȽ֮ʱй¶ǰɣҲȡ
˼ԼȻûгʧأɱ˶ᱦ֮٣еĴ
ÿһܹʿռ鱾Ӧ߱ĻԵˣֱӵɱᣬɴ˶Թߣޣ֮УϴѲõ
ѭӦˬЩͷаΪֽǰζԴͷ
˼һֲ֮ɵЦЦ
ЩȻ̣Ҳһ֮ԶѣǵʿҲΪɵһ仰ıԣΪһȻɴ͡
οͱӵͫɣ
ⲻһ֮£¹ǧĴѣô򵥱ӱܵġЩ»Ϊʱ磬ҵ̽Ѱûиջ񡣡
һƺǹĵطŲС

գǧ֮زѰӡ֤Լ̽
ÿһżкʬǣڣ伮ŹСش׷ԶʱҲǡΪϸĺģÿÿµջ
һҶɢһƬƴգ֪ԽԽ࣬Զŵ磬ҲԽԽ
ЩɢȻƴճ˲ֵࡣ
ʱͻȻַһʮָȤļء
һĸ֮ϷֵģһźЯı֮ڣȻŹ׵֮Ĺļء
׵֮Ĺ
ҵļ¼УԶŵۣƺǼֵս֮ǿߣӿֵĸ˺;ͫû˵ֱֺһͳȺɿǵصľ֮ͫʱұΧȻ
ԭʱкˣΪ˼¹ڣƴרżԸ١ķأʮɺգˣ
ս׵ۺ壬Ⱥգаħսס
ͻȻ΢΢һ
ͻȻһ˿ԤС
רżķգˡ
գˡ
գˡ
ѵ춦ֻںʱгɵԣ
²ǺԵɣΪ춦ۣӺԣǶûм
˵춦ĵ֮գ֮ǰԶʱӦò۳ɵ֮ķıû˿
ƶ۱̣Լʱɽҵڽͷö֮»ôһ֮õķӦΪӦԵʱ״Ŷԡ
ֻǿϧЩϢ¼ҲǷǳ࣬ȴֻһѰɣֻԹ߽֮ʡ


809 ǧ
ֻϧûм֮Ҳûˡ
̾һ
ʧ֮࣬Ҳжٸʵףȵܿ˵
գӵмֵĶɨһգֽЩʬúðᣬȻ뿪
Ȼ룬Ѱ
أɽԽԽԶ̽ĵҲԽԽ㣬β׷ЩңԶܡ
ʱĴ㱾ڴ˴ε꣬Ϊ壬ֻҪٻɽΪԿԻ
ֻǵ³Ϊܹ췣֮ıҲԶԸϳ˸ˡ
ЩͫǰħľǰѾӵ㹻Ա֮Ϊı·Ѱ·ѡ
ԶŵʱɵʢŲ¡
ʱͻȻ֣һЩͫƺע⵽Լȴԭ⴦ط̫ãɱ
ңһ·ľͫҲԽԽӴ󣬵һͷǧϣӴߣﵽϣЩľͫƺΪУ֮ʱС;ͫһãȻǾ쳣
ڵ֮Уһֻһֻ۾ľͫ𣬱ضͿȷһõĸܡ
һЩĹǣʵ̫谭ˡ
ˣҲûа취ԸǣֻʵʵؼϢȻߡ
ֹһʱգ춦УȻһ춯
ЩӣһֱøĵرħʬǼ춦žͫҲͶУȴϲط֣춦滹治֣ޱȵľͫһס
Щ֮춦вȱķȻڻȶţزȫ
֮ǰ춦еķѾ޸ǧ֮֮࣬һֹ࣬ʮ֮ãȴǻӽɵĵزˡ
УһЩԦĵƴȫЧҲ
춦˱һ壬ʱ䣬ʱ㷢֣ƺǶԪӯһ޵Ķ㣬󣬵ƣţ·ܴ壬ӵ
ǧɣĵƣѾӵǧ֮ˡ
һ㣬аϲ
ôŬԵͻƣ춦Ѿǻֵĵˡ
ȻҲԼѾ˱һ춦͵ԵʣټЩһҲûзɶļд˽ʵˮɡ
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ͻȻһЩϢĸӦ֮С
ЩϢǵȡ֮ʱɵ
ֳʶһ̽ʱ㷢֣治Сһ㣬ްĸɫӰƺ뵣״һЩ߳ӰǱι״Ȼ
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ЩԶе飬ǵǸʱĲ
оΪȻЩϣܵһϢ
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ûȴǵǣݻȥֻҪҲ˵
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ͻȻһͷԼѹڶ׵ľͫ춯ҲоµϢѭζ
춦УʱɫĲӿЩζ飬ǸܵΣյͻȻһ羪ȺɢӴܡ
һ׹ӿ׷ЩӴܵ顣
ôĵӣڶУ˷ˡ
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Ҫ֮ʱȴֺȻЩС΢С龹Ȼ׷תͷηسžͫﷴȥ
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̶̼ʮϢ򣬱㱻ըñˣͷ
;޴󣬴ʱֻѾɢ
ˣͷͫﻹǱܵ˲ص˺Ų·ȥ
ԽԽ΢С˳ӵӿȥȻͬɲʳؽ̳Դˣ׽Ҳ뵽˶
ĿɿڴһЩ̺ԪƺѰɽ֮ͬǾ춦Ԫɴ˶õһ֮ܡ
ǾȻ˴Կͫ
˵ֻҪӵ㹻Ԫͫ
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ƺһȫµ̺ŵҲһص衣
Դ춦С
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ƺҲֻɵ֣ȱʧ˺żȻ֮УȡӵеˣƷ
ֱǲ˼鰡ǲ˼飡
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Է˻֮밽±㽥˾Ļ󣬲ת
ʱѾ˽𵤾磬Ϊһгʿ
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ʮ֮ڣӵҲǽ֮ݣһмҲҶᣬ⿪رǡ
ʱѾȻûĴ޸ֳ֣˿ʤϺ档
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Ҳӵĵ棬ֻ֧εķչѰңɽʿΪܼ̳壬ӵǧſ͡

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ô˵ɫ˱䣬ǵãʮǰԼ飬ʿһʱ죬©˴̿ͽԼߡ
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ҲСҲǸţõͨ۷ĸֲɣ


810 ˹
˴һȺתշҲڽ֮ǰϵԪ½
һ붴죬ȸܵıɽˮ㣬̺壬뵣Ԫӵĵطֱ֮
Ƕ簡ߣһͷİòޱȵʿ̾ǸɼҸأǱ߼ֱéһ㣬ֳǡ
ǰǰʿͬ
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ҲΪˣòĵرԼҪӵܣΪֵˣСĴۣõʿȻƴȫһѰӹҲԣиַʹΪʿĺǶŲֻߣȫͶ붼ˮƯûܳɹ
ҴЩĵرԲٿſͣţ츣֮Ĳ֮أһõĶ츣أ൱һݹĲҵô
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ײɽʿҲͨѣ뿪֮󣬸֮俪ʼģ˴˹Ķǣ˲ûйһⳡд
ΪбţһЧĸʿ硣
Щ磬ɲǿűģһһıɱе
һۣһüȫʱٺ˵˵ˡ
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΢˼Ƭ֮ȴֲɵګګͷ
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ȻԼҲɢޣȴľ飬飬Ҳֻڸ˲ɱ
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жҩ㣬Բʿɱ峤ϲ
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Һþ綾Ͼɢ˶ʿȻʴһʱ֮䣬ȴҲûΣա
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һЩּʿͼָӸʶӵ֮ʱҲεط֣˻򹥻أˣвͬ뷨
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ⳡսѸٲײɽԼ壬ߣϰɱ°ӣȥĽçǣһϮפʿ޽綼˸׳졣


815 ׼
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˴ɢϢ֪֮ͨʱعҲԼװУ޽һɢϡ
ȴΪҪȺʿ
ЩʿȻϴδɱǰԲ֣ǴΪ³˵ĸ֣³ˣҲô
ǵϣҪʹѺӦ˵ʡ
ʱ˺عɸողŵ޽磬ײɽҲּҵУƲʡ
Ϊ˰ȫûôǰ;һȫĵطֱײɽ뵽˵УŴʱͣĵطϸˡ
ɴӦ֮£ǿտŵǹϵԪΪչⲼֵĴԣͨаôһԼƵǿԮȴֱ˴˶Ҫ֮ʱԹͬˡ
ˣǰڵԮ֣ΪҪ
ܹܡ
ʿУΪһҵĺˣа
ҷЯʿǰѺʣ顣
һһڷã˷ӡǬ䣬عǰ
˿عǽ˱еرڡ
λˣұˡְڣعҲҴ⣬غ˶ЩʵĿԷ;̰ûʧ
֮ص˵ͷһ㽫͵Ѵ
ǡ
Ȼʻײɽ
һԮˣλӹˣñȵ˵Ļ졣
ײɽУһĸ֪£Ǵϲæӭӡ
һԮǵɴӦ˵˽õġ
ɣҪõħ׿Ϻɳ֮⣬Լĵ̣Ҳɻȱ
ȱɽŸأѰĻɽҰ룬ȻԴͨٶǿоסѰɽʿΪΪµĵӡ
˵ӵײɽֻҪأһֳɵɸء⴦ؽЩдӦ鵤̲ҲǿԼȡ֮
ԣԮ֮鵤Ϊ
֮⣬ɽѰӵܣЩΪ֮߸ѧӵܣȫ൱Ҫ
ɽҲǱز٣Ҳ˵ǰʱѰиΣգɢආȥ
ǰǺХɽ֣ңѣɺ͵ӣѲˡ
ҪĵرҲһġ
񣬵ҩЩʲô
ٲ鿴ʣȴ֣ԼĲϡ
Ȼͬשһ㣬гһġשʯЩשʯ֮ϣķ䣬¶ڿУ΢Ԫѭӿɢ̡


816 ޴Ƹ
שͷ
ײɽһʱ㶼ɵۡ
᲻Ūˣλô췿õשͷŪˣ
ǣҪЩשͷҪҲԾ͵ȡԼ
عԴ󾽣һ˵λˣɲͨʯשרɽõĵש
שһȺçͷһ˵ⶫã
ǵˣҲǴΪ⣬عɽһǲ֪ԭשһһС϶ɣͨĸרƳõĲϡ
ô˷שڹ̶ķλԪΪãһɽõĴ󣬱˴룬ǰϸ֮вãԴӿ칤ڣɽ衣
򣬴˷ש裬ͨʿǷ͹ɣΨһҪǷλ׼ȷ
Ԫҵ֣ҲͲŲʮλܵһʱ˴ˣڵײɽʿɣͼͼ裬Ӧòѣȵȫ깤֮λԻǲʦǰ
ԭˣˡףԼһȺӣʶ̫ǳ˸ЦȻĵשͨʯͷ
ҲѰçɵ𣬽çԲҪ֮أΪɣزסԼɽš
عɺǺЦڴʦ֮βǲصģһԻдʦӽ
ԣѸѰ˼һ
ʩΪаڣضԪС
ɽôҪĶæģɲ˵ƿأֻ˭ƿأ
˵ҲǷǳ⣬ʼգԼͶԪҵĿ䣬аڣҲֻǷС
ȻǷУִһҲԶԶĿҪö࣬ԼɣҫҲûҰģǳҪһŬմﵽԲɸʵڡ
һﵽԲɣҲǸ֮ˡ
ˣȹٳΪ뢣ҪʲôĳɾûУ
ʦ𣬳Ϊ֮ǰҲͬҵĸӹ˾ǸС
뵽˴Ҳ˶ͷûر뷨
ٿʣĩˣһرµĽȡݣ
ЩȻǹһ
Ҳһ
ЩȻǿĹ
óЩԪҶԵǲѣʮǰû¼һЩܸ٣ɴ˶伮гϵĹɹ쾳硣
УΪԴҲΥϹԼģ첻ݵĴ
عɫȻ͵ǶˣΪλҪǳаڣʽɣ˽ܣǴ˿ȱᣬνڶͽˡ
Ĺ˵ձ飬ձúܣضǣҴ˳¼ǣԼҲʧʲô
˵Ҳ֮ߣǱ˵֪Ѱ֮ҴҲҪ߽⡣
ͬʱطǿͨҺſſ͵ıҪֶΣԣ˽ܣǾˡĴ
ˡλӾȻ˼ǵԶ
ףҲ֪ڸԼĹǼΪĶ
Ҳֻһλʦһ֮͵͵˽Ϊֻ۱ֻۣҲܲˣһ֮صˣ඼ˣζ˵ȥˣֲãҪһʽɵͷ
عɵλԪҵңһһԪҵ̬ȣҲǣԣ¶Ҫͳչ
ǰء޹زɷԲٺ٣عصģΪЩأȫһƶİ
а̾һҲид
ʱѸٷһ£ȴ֣Щȫǹ
Ҫǹؾ·ϵĻЩԳʵš
ȷֻк칦Ҫ֪ʲͬƼ֮죬ǧٹֻ֣ڵĹܼݲӴǵЩЩڴ
ԭˡһʱˣЩƲ۵Ĺ壬Ҫöࡣ
Ѱֻ˲Ҳǳλ֣Щǻݼ޽磬˿֮УҪǧؾȻؾ֮Уĺﷱܡ
ͼı
쾳֮ؼݻṩˣٲãаڵӽؾҪ޳ɽ𵤣ͶԪ£Ϊ䣬ȻԻýᵤ֮
ô˷Ҳһ˼ǱǽЩԪṩʿΰԪҵս֮ϣÿһλагɵľӢӣϣԪҵΧſ͡
ȻҪаƿС
ˣѣŴ˼֮º󣬶֮ոʧأʾף֮⣬ҵת㣬УһдǰǣԪұضȫعͻȻһ£Цеظһ
ˣĳм˵
ôڿʼұ㽫ʿˣϣô޽ʿһȽŸعֵ
ԪҶаڵģǿͷô򵥣ҲֻŴƿϵ֧֣໹ʿ浶ʵǹİԼʡ
ûЩҲ൱뻹ֻΪѣǸӹ
˽ƿԪʿ˵ͷû˵
ԪҷԼȻҲǰ¡
Щ⣬ɲʲô֮أλǿʲôаָηչ
عЦָۼŴɢޣӵв׵ԪҶԣͼ
һ£˼һˡ
ܴ˵سƶ񤣬ҪһС壬ҲǴ´࣬ĻּΪ˶ȥ˵ɽͷ󶯸ɸꣿ
Ԫҵ轫˵ΪԼҵĺ԰¶Ӹ棬Ͷʵ̫Ҳ
ѵӦǷһϸĴˣ½ɴ˴ܼɡ
ԼĴˣҲԽԪңΪ޽һصߣҲһ֮ء
ٶڵͶ룬ܹڵĻرԿ˵ֵˡ
ڵ治ڶ̶֮ڻãԪӿصǳڵƿأӿԻε롣
СһЩ治תôͳԶļƻЩûеģ˸ӹģʱиΣգΪ¡
ͨҺѽЩĺȴԣѣҲ˽˵ֻԪ˺ţҪ֮أǷչ׳ˣЩôˡ
ڴ˵Ҳкܶ࣬翪̻ᣬУӪĵرޱǽԪҪ֮ʱô˵Ϊ壬죬ɱˡ
֮ܶԪҪ˵أֲ̫ѺʹĹϵΣλҲܿģҪץסεĻᰡ
صѼһ˼ģĵļ򣬺ϵһ
Щӵദ˵˼壬ҲӴǰ;Ǹɾʹµϡ
һȴ˸С飬ר
ʱܿȥ£һܵ׼֮˵аڣʽˡ
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뵽аڣζҪײɽԭЩΪУʱ˶ԼаԪԼĴţǰŰɣ಻ųܡ
Ҳ˵Ǽ٣ֻ˻ּ֮УҴ֮ȻһƬƽ˾û⵽֪ضǵõǿԮǿԮļˡ
嶥ĹַǷｻ졣
һûʣڴ֮ףʿΰݵһɽ
ݼ
λ𡣡緢ص
ϲӴ֮аڴҵԸβΰҵ
Ŷϲˡ
Ըɸ޽
Ӱ˵˵һЩصĻ
ˣ˰
Ľ䣬Ҳ˿˱˻ƣ๧صĳ棬ɬ
Щ඼ԭײɽСĸɽ˿̣Ͷ£Ϊ丽ӹ
ʲô취ãһʦ
ǰкŷ֣ûУǲࡣ
Ҳô˵ˣԼҲǼбµģʮһСɢޣΪ޽ľ֣ҲԼǸʱǿɴû˵ʲôʦ𡣡
Բӣ˴ܴ֮ܿܿӱ
䣬ܽĽʣ˵ļԵ죬Ҳģ¡
۹ۣʱѾûʿҵ˵ἰЩ
Щʿ֮ԣҲһЩɧ͵٩ˡ
ƫԶĽ䣬˰ȡ
һ㡣
Աһʿס¶֮ɫˡ
˴ʦ壬֪ˡ
ͻȻõԪ⣬аڣ±ض봿йأҵȷ֮ǰԵףҪڲ̽ʵĶڣһиϲðͰԼǳˣΪſ֮ǰͶ½ɢްɣֻˣܰ¡ʿ׻׻̵
˲ɵ¶˼ֲʣ뵽ԼʹȴҲ޿κεؽˡ
ĸƵʿв٣˶˵ľĽǱģȴĻ̥ԾɶѳЦݣҪɡ
˲֪ԼʱѾΪ˸עĶ󣬲֪Ҳ⡣
ڶ֮ǰϳˣԼѾͬѰʿˣӵнԲڴﵽʣҲɳţܵעȻ
ԪᣬܵĹעʤ֡
˰֮䣬Ҳû˿ɾ裬ŴӴԼģ⣬ΣյһĨײЦӶ漴ȴǷɿţ·ûгֹһ㡣
ײɽײɽӴ֮Ǳаʿˡ
ΰҵŽҪոտʼ
ڵ֮˵һʱѡεӵĴᣬСҹȻҲܸ棬ɳԼҵľӢǰ⣬ҪԵĵʱʣȻ󣬱ײɽ˵ȥ˵Ĺϵ
аڣҲζܹõԪҵıӻ޽Ĳçɢ޶ԣֱһĺϢˣƼֱ˵֮͡
״οɽյӣ죬ȵʿԹң³аڣѾӵǧʿŵӵˣĹģԣһЩҪ١
ЩʿҳдΪҲǲβ룬ܹӵԶԶȲĴɡ
˽ʮҪģЩԸʿ֮ΪһɿɿԦʹ
ˣһεľ޴Ƹ


817 
ǻܸɣ̶̲һʱ䣬ȻĽаڽˡ
˵˳ɹײɽɣҿʼյӣϢҲһãϲԽ
ʱִƼ꣬Ѿ˳Ǹٻ˳嶯ʱˣһΣ˳ɹʵаڵĹ룬Ҳҵ己ٸǿ֮ŵԿףеļϲ֮飬ʵԱȻг
ֳ˻ϲԶԶĽˡʱɸպô˽ǰԼֳȴԺ⣬
ǡ˵
Ŷɫ΢ʵֽˣ
һݸոմײɽļ򱨣ԼɡЦŰеż㽻¶ɻ֮ɫӹһ£ȴ֣ԭаѾ
̫ˣаǱ򿪾ˡɲϲ
ԭΪʹǵİҲҪʱ䣬һȴû뵽ԶҪ˳öࡣЦ
ҡ˵ֳǲҪһţ
ѾõĸԷĶ⿪أҲΪı
뷨һǼаڣǹͲţѸȷӹķչԡƼãӹҺɶģǴչʱ
ȻΪأҲ֪ǳԼ½ģ⿪صĻᣬڣˡ
İȫͼĸȻҲܹɣЩͷ
ѸշѣͲţͬʱҲźսӵܡһضֳٵľ棬ĲŸɣҲ֮
Ⲣ䣬ΪǺѰļ岻ͬӵȻûк֮ǡ
ԣɵõ˵ͷ
ʵʱҲֻаôһӹƼңţڵȣұʾͶ֮⣬веӣԪҵο䡣
Ԫܱ߶ĸӰ켫ԶԭоɵĸһⶼʾЧ֮⣬ҲʹøҼΪǵĸӹ
ֻҪֶЩĿӰ죬ǵţҲᷴԪң˫Ӯ֮ߡ
ֵܱ˲øĴԣɲǵˣ飬ҲȡֳΪƵƵͷò׵ĵطһǺг
ĩˣͻȻԼǰֳµģɰյһƣˣϷ壬ֳһµġҼǸĶִˣ
Ŷôˣֵʵ
ɰ𱸵ģԼ硣
ʮȥҲԼǵϵһļ
ԴϻۣǾѣĵϲȴҲмӱԣǳˣѾɵһΪˡ
ǿʤְһ·ӸˡȻ֪ĵĲ֦ĩڣǹؼ֮㽫Է˵һ顣
ֻǹ·ɢ޶ѣҲҪΪԪ֮ˣȴ竲ʵҷ磬㻹ǵöܽһС
ɿЦֳ֪ˣһúùܽģɽʿѺţɷˣ
ѽ̫СˣŻӡ̾һȴûмʲô˽ǵɿһ׼ˡ
лֳˡɵõ˵ص
·ƣҵҵȶҲǹŰ֮ǵ˽ӵȷ̫ӣúúýѵһٲС˵
Цֳ뵣ģ⺢ӹӣԲҲǿʤֻѪնѡңҲûԼļѹˣ˶Լġ
ãǵļѾ뵣ǻȴҪһǴ竹ӡΪ˶ԡ
ҲʼĩΣǷѹ֮ӣעģԼһԺ
ֳϰԣȻῴҹҲãȨֵܷӵϡ
ϾʱԪҪģӵܣܹؽȡ˲š
ɵõ֮ػȥˣʱȴҲյɽźȴɳʹǰ֮ͨǰаڼһ£Ѿõ˳ŵ׿ϡ
ͨ棬˿е⣬ԪҴʱƣԼ׵ĵλһСС鶼òͨǱҪˡ
飬޹ؽҪСɷģԼûг档
˰룬ں
̱鷿̴˽ʵٻ
ȥŸţ˵Ϊ˳ϣȻΪ΢ǳĲ飬һеŰűǣ飬ûκ
ǲ档ʱҲӳиҵһ˳ϵְԼأǸӵв齨֮ȨܣҲȻ
ǣ̴Ӧ

˵ܶ棬λھһ嶴УһϺõŸء
Ϊа֮±ߣǰ˵أ˱ȴû˿˼ɣӵ˷飬Ƿ׼̱֮żĸˡ
¹ϵаܷ˳ΪܵͬһǰѽçݵĹؼһ
˲СƲΪƣͨĳϣھ֮ʱͶѡͬһ㲻ĵİԼضͨɡ
˶Դµû˿ģֻǳûԼλС飬ͬʱ߸ʶЩɵĳϺ͵ӡ
Ǹ˼֮ˣȻԪûжģҲһϵ
ʵ˵Ҳг֮£ϾȥȥǳɣֻΪͽѡͶԪңɵĽ飬ҪԼɡ
ֹһʱ֮ڵ֪аڼ֮»ͨˡ
½꣬ԪϣʱؿڣûκһԸǡ
аڣȻ濴޹ϸ𣬵ԣϤ࣬޲ʾ࣬Ҳû˻ӡ
ڳ䶨ˣ
˵һ
ͨڶ֮£ˣЫӿЩûʧı֣Ц
ˣʵڻְ̿̾㿴ħĴɳϣ¹ڳûʣҵȲç֮ǲͬҪ򽻵ҲЩǰĶ֣ǡ
ΣЫӵ
Σ΢䣬ǻģǱ˳ԸĨڹһʿɶЩƹҲǿ۸ıƣҲǰǰ㣬ಫˡ
Ыɫ΢䣬Ҳ˵֮
ˣݵλת䣬¾ֹҲȥȻͬˣǻǰңçһֱֱȥǵôͷѪɡ
⵹ǸʵڵģԺҲ֮ˣһ⣬ˡ
˵֪ãڲѧ٣Ԫţʱ֮ڶ£Ժ˵ˡ
صѸǵĽ飬λӷԸľӪаڣھӪа֮࣬ҲöԼĳ·УҴ嶴죬ջ񣬱ħ֮תĵҪΪͷأкܳ·Ҫߡ

˵嶴һ֮׼̤ϻس̡
Ҫ֮ʱͻȻһλ½ύĵѷá
ѣҪײɽôˣ˼ʿɰԿЦΪǰΪ˱ģǰһϯӦˣӦˣгҲҪƳ١
׼ȥȴǺĳðˣϯרΪѶ裬ҵȽһħ֮ˣ˴ϸ죬صҲиӦ
֮ȥɣȥĻʱԳУʶѣһͬ齻Ļᣬȴʲôʱеġһĸ
Ѷ˵ˣĳƳٲɣǺðɣͬȥǡ˵Ҳ֪ĸ
ǣԸеˣȻЫһͬǰ硣
⼸գѾӴ˺Ľçȫͬ磬ףԼѾɢޣһһҪħɵ롣
ϯ䣬ĳصԸˣȻ࣬УǰĺʿȴͻȻһ顣
ѣһλŸҪ㣬ɢȥ֮󣬺һݼλΣ
жʱ㲻ȻϲʲôгӵܣôҲһܣļҵţôӣ
ͻȻһܣֲ΢Ÿˣѵǡ
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뵽Լֲɵó
ڲǹ¼ҹһͳײɽǧʿ
ĵ뢣ǲã
ԤеˣλĵҪԼ򵥡
ƾǰݣе뢶Ȥڣȴ˵ˣҲˣΪ˱аڣԪҶԼóȻȥҲпܴһЩҪ鷳
ѣ㲻عǡɫãʿҲ֪ΪѣЦЦֻǼһѣܶڣֶЩħϣѵʲô²ɣ
⵹ҲǣλҪһҲĵطҲһӷ㡭뵽ڻǾȥһҲ޷͵ǰǰ齻ˣԷ˹ֵҪ󣬵ܾǣѲɣܰԼɡ
뵽ﲢǻ֮أǾ٣Ҳнأ˵ԼҲû˱ӻĹ»Ұʱаࡣ
֮˱ʿ˾ۻ֮صĺԺȻѾ˵ˡ
˿˿ܣûз˿תļʰ飬̤˽ȥ
һԺУʱܵ˲ͬ£·һ˲䣬Խأ嶴֮С
ǰģһûʵĹпһˣֻףۻһߣ
ߵһԹ⣬ȲĿҲ룬ȴص˿ӣֻǶǣǳ
¶Ѱ˵ϢҲ֪ʿӵз˻һ𣬿Ա仯ǧû˿ͷǴɻǰ񣬿ڳǰ
߿ڵײɽˣӢ
ȻʱʮЩľǰȻһӢ
֪ǰˣкιɣһվǳסʵ
֪ޣռŮ㣬֪Σˡ


818 
Ů䡭
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ɵЩȣεǰ񰮣Сʵڡʵ޸ܡ
Ҳ£һھܾᴥŭˣΪһҪʵ̫ͻȻˣȻһڴӦ
Ҳ治֪λôģȻ˵˵
ߺǺһЦΪ裬ֻǵˣ֪˭
Ȼ̣ȴðݡ
һ䣬ȻǵŻ𣬺ȼ֮ʼ档㲢û˵֮Ҳ֪ʦ𣬳ɾ͵֮꣬Ҳûбƾá
Ա˲šü˼һ֮һݣԼ̽ʦ֮ʱŵһϢ
ݴʮǰʦոճɵһΣȻ˴Ǻϵй֮У˵ʱڴĶɡ
зⳡıģȼңݴȼҲӵо뢵ĺţһ֮Ӵʢĺңչǧ꣬ٹ̡
ôһԪļ壬֪ԼʦĹϵȻǿԼĲŸô򵥡
ѲǵǸɬħ꣬çȸħʿҪĲпᣬͷƤ飬ƴһĺ⡣
Ҫ
ӲͷƤ֪ˣǰǹȼ棬ĳ£ﶦʢЦ졭
һ˵ŹάĻһȴǼӿ˼Χ֮ơ
ЩûʲôģҪԼˮˣɳĺģҡڲ
µ˶ԷҪԼͽ⣬ȴⷸɵֻȼܹ֪Ѷˡ
ȼµؿˣںԣȴգ˵Լ˼յ֮ͣʱԵСѣΣ֪ݣ㵱֪ȢҹȼҵŮԽ檣ңɽҹȼ֮ƣɾһҵΣҲԪҵп޵Ҫá
ԣɫʱЩÿǰԺ⣬ʦҶɽλӣҲ֪֮ײɽһΣ
ȼҡҡͷЦ֪ı󣬵ȷԪҷ֣ǶԴ㣬Ҳȷʵ˵Ƕ񣬲ΪֹеõټֻҳҪְһӹɵҲִܹһѵʹˣӽԺ󣬶ֻΪҿľӪаڣȻ֮Ϊ£Լȴû˿ҵ¡
СѣղΪȴΪ˵㣬㱾ǰ;ǸɸĴӣαΪһʱûԼĲŻΪӹµ֮ͶδķľܵĵҲӦףΪҹȼЧȨĿׯ
ȼ·ܹĵ͵£׻׻գһΪģˣҲסҡ
֪ȼ඼ڿտŵ棬˻Щ΢⶯
һĻᣬ̤һضԳ˷绯һɳ졣
ҲĹȼ治Լǲã֮𣬸ûбҪǰ
˲²⣬Լ֮гΪаŻ˵ӣλȼ棬δذúģʲôҪڶԸԪҡ
Ҳ֪Լθ˹ȼ棬˼ػص˵ȺԼ֮
ЫӼ˻û°ɣ
˻عһЦʲô£
û¾ͺáЫӦһȴ֣˻ôһصģ
ȴ֪˴ʱżѵľĵ׵˼·ħҡڲ
ֱ̤ϻس̣ȻŹȼԼ˵һ
ҽôˣ¶ģúλӾӪаڣгɣҲƾԪҵĹ͵ԽǳɾԲɣΪһ֮棬ǽҶȹ٣ɾ͵лŻһ塭
ңȻǾ仰˵ˡ
ҾȻ˵ˡã
ʱ˱ڱеĴϣȥԺжǹȼȴʱһԼȻ˶Էµ塣
壬ѰĹ֮ߣħ֮
ʿ꣬ᶨ֮أǵĲȣΪȣħжʿǻߣ̽ĵһɣħշ֮Ǳ
˴ʱǷ֣ԼȻڲ֪ţǼ⣬һֻ뵽ͶϹȼҵֺô·֮ǰڲˡ
ԭĴ㣬Ҳʵʵͼıڹȼյ֮£ȴֶرԲʵǲ
ɴҲȻԼֻ˹ȼơ
뢣ǿ£һ߷˻ҲԶ֮ܵС
뵽˴ɵðԿЦڿЦ֮࣬ȴҲûа취
Ҳòϣȼ֮ԣȷһĵ˵ȥпܳɾһҵǷܳɾͣˡ
һ·صײɽû˼ӳîֻþʹա
ʱ׵ԺȫȫͶ뵽˷æ֮С
һְ
ֹһ£ȴյһ֪ͨ˵ɽѾأͶ֮£ټ
ʦˣ
˽ӵϢ־ϲҲ˲ö룬̱ſͷ񣬸ɽ
Դʮǰײɽֱ֮һֱûټ
Ҫ˵ΪӵɵˣҲһδüɾ͵֮飬ƺǳͻƵ³ˣѲ¡
û·ϵ̫ʱ䣬ֻ˰£ϵɽ֪ǰ˼ڲĵͯɽ˱Щͯ塣
λɽȣܱ߻ɽϪγˮһɽԿ֣ڰγƺ·ɫĺ
ʱʱɺףƼɹɾ
һ·ͣԵͷʦɽҲңڣҵλƺ͡
˼ͨ͸֮ˣһ±㿴ŵľ뢣壬ţҲŵֵ֮ģѰ֮뢣Χʦ壬λøӿһЩܽΪŨϵȸء
ʱͻȻһļ̧֮́ͷ޴Ѿ·ᴩص
ǧâ嶥ȥ
үطˡͯһɽȥ
ֻüӿŲϡ
ɽ壬Ǵɽ칤ɽɽ޳ɽǣÿһ嶥Ӧɳǣ׹һ㡣
˳Ӵ˵صľ֮⣬ǲŵӣ඼̫嶴һ׵ķˡЩ˵УвϹž뢺͵ĺãʳߡ
һ·ŵͯɽȻɽһͨɽĽݾһȥʱ˲ŷǰԼֻͲʮСͯȴӵкع澳ǣһԳģѾﵽԲ磬ǿħһ廹Ҫǿöࡣ
֮治Уط˽ܵ飬ʮҲ˲ţֲûôŻҵ
аԾԼֽͨڣִһİҲ֮ĥȥ
ȵɽ֮ʱǴʱ֮
˻żһƫ֮УһУ㿴
ʱٻòȴŹӰӣʮûҲһ˳
˰ݼʦ𡣡˻عæ˿һűߣͶأݷڵ˸
Уһ򶼶žη͸мߵĸ˼ʱֱ𻹲Լ˫ı仯ݾη͸мȴԽ
ɡˣ΢΢Ц
˵һݣ֪ȻӵһŲµǿ֮ģȴǲ٣Ǹ֮
ʦ𣬵ӶδĽʦգȴټˡЩվ˵
ʮʱ䣬ڷ䣬һ£һδɵСӣΪ׷ԲԵߣѾ
˵йǽ飬ٴμ֮ʱżּȴʵġ
ЩС˼ܹףʱҲһɬ
˵֮ʱȴֲɫ΢䣬Ŀϡ
еħֵϢ
ָ֮䣬һ΢ɲ׹һŵĵ⣬ˡ
΢ֻоһȣһ԰ĴʹǰһƬڡ
ʹÿȥҲ죬ǰĻڣҲǺܿʧˣȵ˻ָ֮ʱȻµԼЩʲô
ʦ㽫ħˣ
ȻʵǺΪһʿ
һλԳƹȼľ뢡˿Цţշ֮¸
ȼ档ɫʱ
֮ǰЩʿѾ뵽֮УͼŸƻ簲ʮǰнʿͼӱ˺йȼҪԪҲ죬ҿҽʱϻأ֡
û뵽ֱ񣬻ͼ˷ˡЩˣʵڿɺޣ
İ˶ʱֵ̿ʦҵʱ֪
˰֣ˣԣ֪ǲ㣬ᴫطĿׯǰ̣
ô˵˵΢
ȴʵˣڴ£Ǻ뷨
ӡӲиʦһжʦšæ
棬Ҳ̫Լ뷨ش
ˣɫԻοԵ㻹мֳӳģ֮汻֮ãΪʦҪͷһδźˡ
ԣ΢Ҳɵ𼸷Һͺ¡
ʱź֪ʦʶԼԪҵĹעֻ֪Լǰ壬Ͷλӵ飬ȼļ棬Ҳƿ֮С
壬ֻҲἰʱ֪
ĽԼԻǰ̣ǹȼͶʯ·ӡ
ԼûнšɽǣʦֶΣԼ磬һҲͬӵжһĻᡣ
ԼͨʿԣϧϧǣԭһԨԴίεĸͽôûˡ
֮£ûдﵽԲΪԾ˵ʲô׽Ĺϵɿԣȴ൱ҪҲһЩҪܺԴԵɡ
վԼúӷġ
ʱҲԽˣɵϵ塣
һȴ֪һзӦʦǹȼƿ֮С
۽ǷңͶȼңǼܾȼңֻöӰˣͬǣҾҪһӣرĵӣ


819 ع
ܹԲç֮ͨ۷壬иһǱǶ⣬̱Ҳͨеĵ
ԼʿھУֻ緲һ㣬ЩԼҲãԼҲգֲֻµˣı֮Զ֮ԶѰʿ󼰡
а˼ȴ֪Ҳ۲һ˼ģҲǰ
˺ǣ֪ߵغ񣬱㲻ױѡʱѾΪԪЧõĳȫΪ;Ϊ˲ʵʵǰתͶȼңȴԻǰ̡
ʿҪоΪá
ҲûгԵˣһֻɵƾľηУѯһаڵĽʱڷסˡ
ڴգȵع飬ٴһʵлԲ硣
аԾȻ󼴱˳ӵشӦˡ
ͯĿ΢֮ңС
ʱıԶɽѾãȴ̽˺ĵ˽ⲿԶɹࡣ
ˣ˵ЩֲԫϱڵĵطѰ˹żѰù¼ɷƪͬʱҲ춦еķ޸ǧѾָһ֮࣬ʣµһ룬ҲŸʽķ룬ԽԽס
Ŀǰ춦Ѿȫ̻˹ֻҪʱգԶָȫʢ״̬ҲΪ棬пܸһΪ췣֮һϳ˵
֮⣬һ·ľͫԶħʬǿԴջӵЩһѰ֮õջ񣬱˵Ƿʢ
Ļع飬ûкķֻ̫ʶֻͨɽʵΪǣȻѰ˸ȫ֮أŲơ
ʱʮ֮ãǻȥȴ£ܽŲƶԷļ󣬵ķױ
⻹ããУһƬ飬ޱ־ǽصĴŲƷҲԽг̵һڡ
ʱȴҲûд̱ɽʵؽŲƷ󣬱ϾʱŸע⻹ϣ¶ɽڵĻܴҲ񵱳һ㣬ԼˣȴҪҷ
ʱҵĸӹϱ֣Ҳǰر֣ѾȫӵŻʸѾסˡ
뽫ǽеľ֣Լȥ֮ʱľ뢽˻Լĺˡ
ڳɹȦҲȷʵôѡЩˣҵһͽһ׼ңܻɽᶴ죬ɶѡˣҲһ
Щ˶һͬص㣬Ǳܹú࣬ضɲġ
ǶΪ뢣ȵǳΪ֮ʱҲѾгϳʿŸĪĶһ⣬ҪЩѿˡ
ʱ棬׼ˣҲĹϵֱֻͨ˴ϵܽȨ̳ȥ½Ѿû䣬Ҳɽգҵ
ǰǺеŵȴѾʦͨҼȻ뵽Щ˵С
ֻڴ˿̣Ϊһž뢣Ѱʿ
֮΢һԼãѡһʺĹʹ͸
ȻϲǷǳˣӵнǱʵʿֵȡģҲؿ˱ȼߡ
˻Ԫң΢£ԼᶨģҲ©һ
ʱ֮ٴջ
̲춦еľͫ˽ˣԼţɷٲǴѡһЩЧΪģΪ֪֮ͨԹȡ
ЩΪ֮ĹҪܴ壬кģһЩΪԽģŽͨޡ
ʮŽ
ˣŴȱʧЩ伮һ±㻻ȡʮһٶʮ
ȡ伮֮ȥˡ
壬ڴڸٷչʱڣ벻Ҳɽ̫ͣá
Щ֮ȴȥ棬׼ˣûǣȼڱıҪһ˽˼֮¡
ٵΣԼʿɽٵ֮󣬶ħԶŵ֮Ҳ˸ļ⣬򵥽а֮Ż֮˵ףٵΣңԶеģ˭ϣܹͬԿش٣˭ϣ˸棬ʧȥԭеȨҫ
ǣԾִԼѪ೤
ʱ棬Ѿгʿ
ƺһιĹԪע֮£õ˲ٵĺô»Ϊһﵽ˵гˡ
棬ȼ޹ƣԼȼ֮˶岻ĳˡ
ʱҲ³⣺Ҫȼң
ҪȼңȻ˽ߵԭ򣬵ʮֱ꣬ڲطˣȻǴԵ
浹Ҳ֪ʱԪңѾչҵƿҪһѰ۲ǲȴҪǧʱ䣬ڴڼ䣬пܴĻᣬܹõȥһ
жԸȼҵĽڣǳ֣Ҳ˳
Ե²ס
ʵǵģΪһ֮£ħҪķ
ǣѾѰʿִҪԸȼңҲƲ֣ʱ⸲ˮա
ߣһսħ繲ͬάֵİȾ棬㽫Ҫһ
Ҳ֪ǵֻҺǹȼһΣ
Ļ治ɵ΢΢ݣ¶һ˿ŵ顣
Ҫսȼ棿
ΪⲨ֮ȻҪǹȼһԵ֮
ѰʿͷȻʿѾ겻ĵزֶΣȫĥԷȫսܷӡ󲿷ֵͷĲлꡣ
һĽսʧпܣֻܱһʵȴۿۣʿûǿʵǰΪ
вòչǱޣ˳ߣȻ֮֮гû䡣
ȼ棬гʿȻǲҪΪá
沢ûаѻ˵ȴóƺǷǳԼ
Ҳ⣬Լ꣬Щ֮õľȣɬһЩ
һֱˣҲǽ
࣬ҲǱ
ֵΪڵ֮ϣʿʵ൱ǸӵһʱĴܹȽϵģ޷Ҳ¶ѡ
£ʵضܹǹȼ棬ȴԪľ˥ߣʱ񲻸㣿
赣ģԸȼ棬бʤİգҴӦһսԣ»ǴٳɣܹӦʱԻʿʶʶֶΡ΢΢һЦԸ˵
ԣҲȷ״̬ٻ궦ʢʱڣпܵõԪĲŵӳǧƣǰǷǳԶġ
⽨飬һڱˡ
Ļ΢üͷ
ţ˵ǿЩϲȻǺ󱲣ҲѾȣԺǳͽѵˣˣҲֻܽеĲϲѹ£ʵִˣ
빬ɡ
Ǻðɡ΢̾һһ˵ϣԻԼһʱҲħʿ֤˵
˵ͷ
ҲףҪӰƵСΪ¶Ӱ쵽İ
һ֮£Լй֮䣬һֱڸ̽ѰͬʱҲܣǣ֮Ѿ̽飬ǳ޷ɽΪصٿݽߵΣҪȡ֮ˡ
ʱ֮УһΣʿĴս˭Ҳ޷⡣
ʿڽĶȴȻҪԼȼ棬Ҳѹ治ϲһԼ֮ܣɹʧһԱɽ

Ӧ֮󣬵㽫֪ͨеִ³ϣȻٱѶǬԪܸżĳ֪
ǵ֪˾ɵ𾪡
ⴿǷʲô裬ոع飬˾
Īǣõʲôıﲻɣ
ǬԪһųϣҲϤϾĽλ֮һңڽ֮ǰǴֶɽͷȻȽٵĸǰ
˽и̺ۣǬԪ˻ǲò˼ȥ

ȼǵʿſ˵ܣԼսһչյˣɵ뢣Ҳ˷
֪Ҫȼһھ뢷ӦһȴҲòϣȷӵȼ濪սԵɡ
ԭʮǰȼˣģȴһʱûж
ʮ֮󣬾ԼʵˣѰҲȻ
ѾΪˣ˳嶯Īڻף뢼Ҳھвģ
Ҳѹ֣Ž̶һӣĻδȥѰʿҲ졣
֣ǲòˡţƺ̫˹ϵΪУܵעǿܵĻûһߣպҲȼŴսҲἰҲ˽˼ˡ
յϢ֮Լ̳Ĺǲɢ˵ӣλ֪¡
ԭȼչȣҲǵһ֣򳣻֮ͽ˳ƹɡ
չ¶ǰĻһλĿƵĿߡ
뢻ǧԲ̬ͬΣȴֻԼ֪ˡ
˿̵ĹȰ㲻ɵ¶һ˿ĹЦԵӿ̫浱Լҽ˵ǸﲻɣȻˣұ֪³г˵Ĳࡣ
и˿Դ֮¶ģǵúúýѵһٲɡ
ͬʱһʳԪҵĴûᡣ
Ȱ˲֪ʮǰһ飬ǹȼһ𣬵˹ɼΪصһλϵȼҷֻչ֦ɢҶͷ˶ܵ
ԪѾʼɴһֻɴһ֧˽аڡȼҲڿ֦ɢҶĹؼ׶Ρ
Уһȼ֧ţΪһԺаʱ䣬ܹȡ֮ƿɡ
õʱǰȥȽ٣ȼΪлɳˣƷǳɵİܡ
׼в壬ʳƣȴû뵽ǴγԵţӲ飬ֵûͷ
ȼȻûйãȴѶġ


820 Լ
Ŵϣڼ췣֮ۡ
öԶɹ֮ͥɵıرСɵһö״̺Ϊµ֮΢䣬ǰ׹⡣
·һĿնǲһעʱʱֵϲԽµ췣
֮У͸Ӵ󷽵·ɢ
ԭԶɹ磬ش֮һɽ֮䣬صķ󣬶췣֮ΪŦʹЩĻκԶħħֶѡ
ʱ췣֮۵УȻʧȥЩ֧֣ʱһ㣬ʱظһ磬ȴȻӵױȵ
ԸܵǸĿնڣ·Ѿע֮õɷپϴȫ췣֮
һ쳣ǿ飬ԶŵʱֱӷΪҲΪֻЩԶŵ츳ԪʵҲΪơ
һʱ֮䣬ֻֻܳһ˿Ե췣ۣ֮ʹǹȥĶһ㣬Ϊ飬ܹתͶ̥Ϊ顣
ʱѾ췣֮۵÷÷ǳ޴󣬵Ҳ򵥣һǴ֮ԽɷһĪԪҪʱãڶͷ֮֮ʱԶеױԦʹˡ
һһ֮䣬֮򵥵˼㣬ȴҲܹõõ̡
ĸ׷ǧ򻯣Ҳ벻շ֮ãνһ
һսȼ̡
֪ȼҲһλгʿѡ
ԭԩ޳𣬵ʮǰǰȻӵ˱˴˵жԵĽڣƽ֮ʱ֣һԾʵ㹻ʱɶѡ
ʵһΣ࿴еģǹȼΪƺţԼԪҶ෢չ꣬棬ζž޴ջ
沢̣ţǺ쾳ķ֮ʱѾޱˡ
үλˡ
Լ췣֮۵ʱ򣬺Ȼõͯ׼ˡ
롣
۾շԸ
棬׼λǰԼս˵ġ
ʿ䣬ԹԼսһɰܵĴͳҪȼ湫ƽһսȻҵȿЩףȴҲϺأֻԼս֮ǰЩҪ֪ͬʱҲӦ֪ţͨˡ
㵱Ѿ׼ʧܣúûҵȼշҲͬ㻹ʱһ㡣֣ؾ
ʿһҵʿ˴ͣ¶ͨʽҲǲԸʿһˣʿƳԪ
û⣬ÿһʿңޱȣõʿĴڣֱӵˣȴǺ֮¡
飬ԹҲûзȥʿ֮Թ̫ȫ濪սײңʴˣʿ֮γһĵĹأʿ֮г𣬱˴Լһ˽߲ѹĨɱʤ߱ð߼ҵ
԰һʿԣɼƽڵǵУȴҲǸֶΡ
Ҳٱἰֻ뢴徲ΪŲִģҲǼ˺ɴƣѱ⡣
迼ˣѾҡڲҡġ΢΢Ц
ǺðɡҲȰˡִˣֻ˵
Ǵ˷Ѿȼƽ̽úòɡ
ȼΪʿǱ㲻֮ȻҲӵֲļӦ·ȫǡ
ٶһһö򣬱뿪ˡ
ȼ¼ҪǸε
ȵ׼뿪֮µ򣬷صǣȼɵƽĳţ¼
׼˺ģȥЩ͹Ҳı⡣
ʱѲٹע£תΪ鿴µ˿ϣҲһλľߴľš
ڵţһϵӵܣСʱ𣬱һֱڵռҵ֮£ȴûд٣չֳ˵ʣ޳ɹȼϰõش
ʮһ꣬Ĺͨ˿ӵܵǰȣһٶΪȼһָʦ
ֻ쾳ʦҲǹȼʮţڷ׼䣬һλʿС壬Ѿ˵ҫ֮ˡ
Ȼľ֣ش֮ͷĹеĵһۡ
һͬΪŵĹȼӵݺΪӵֶζÿףȼӵܺ䳤µĶһΪ˲ȫʧ
޵֮ʱϰһֺҽҲҪ
Ӵ֮һõ꣬Ƽ䣬ΪʽķȥеһУҲʧ
İģѵ⡣
ĹȼӵֶܻļԼ֪ۣһҶʮھ
˴£ռҲûϸ׷飬˳ȼӵܵ˵һԵ˵ʱж׷ɱĹϡ
ԩѱ磬Ψһ;
Ӵ֮ͬͬյĵϵһԹޣĺŵӺΪϵүүǷǲ֣ļͬ໥޶Եˣ侮ʯ׷ɱĶ͡
ıȼҡ
ʱΪѷϣȾ綾Ӷѣ۱ѩޣֻñٺ߱׵Ķ꣬ͷ棬ǱعȼҳΪһʶõͨۡ
֪ԼʵҪ˵ǳڹȼǰҲʱбɱڵĿܣΨһ;̣ҵʵĻ֡
ˣڴڼ䣬һоٶֵѰ졣
һ죬ȥɨݣȴƹ֮·һ澹Ȼװйȼҿɽı
ⱦһöװƽĴﱦ䡣
ԭʱĹȼȻֻǵŵһССӣȴҲ³˶壬𵤾ֻһ֮ң
Ϊĳһųϵϯ𹤵ӣרλϿܵ¯ƿػɴ˶޳һֿػ𷨾Լ֮ΪϳԵʣ۽ͼʶԶԶԽѰʿԼıУı
ϣģһ˿иˣϣ츳ԵߣܹΪε𣬳ɾ͹ȼҵĻԻͣȴûϵöݵĽָûбϵãһϵӵܼȥ
ϵӵչҲǹѪõöﱦ֮ױ򿪣õıء
ⱦ鵤ⶾϵİȻмعǾϲ֣ԼΪͻȻǣϰ־֮Ż¸ҩµĻᣬ͵ζҩȻƳһѰ޷ɽֻ̣ųιȼҵĸ֣ϳʦԲҲ޷⡣
ݷ£ڸѰһᣬŵռҼĴ䣬ʩԷȫȻ䣬ѵϵһԶү۶ɱ˸⡣
ñĹڵԴЦȥʼԼ˼ĵĵ;
˺󣬹ţһŵ𽥳ΪʦȢһλųϵŮΪޣ𽥵ƽơ
֮󣬱ǹдǿΪĵĹˡ
Щ֪˲ʹˣϼѣĻܰӷ嶥ȵ׵شۣ˵õı췴ת
ĵһֻֻΪһгʿ߳ɫʦԳɾ͵
˺󣬱ض
ɴҲ⡣
ԴԤϣϾǵض֮£Լӵ춦췣ۣ֮Ҳᵽ¶̸ֻ֪һЩп޵ľΪҩū֮ࡣ
ŴޣಢųЩ£ҲΪһЩ²ĵ־ڴ;ǷйֶΣȴضˡ
Ҳûд㣬ܹЩ˾֪¼֪֮ȼͳԼ֪ҵľҲ֪ó׷Ҳ¡
ܣֻеʱ֣Ż
Ϊעһ֮󣬱ûˡ

ӣңΪҩۡתΪŵӣ뼮
ΪĹȼ¼֮ʱȼɣ֪̽ĸš
Щ¼Ϊ֪̽ĳСʶٵԼ죬һеľ֮
ӵҲ򵥣վʢ
Ū󲿷־֮󣬹ȼ治ɵЦһ
½ʿ֮УΪһλţȴһֱûͶ̫עֱʱȥ¼Ѱпй¶˿
֮ǰҲûϵԼбԼһʱԭΪ½ضҹֵ⣬ԼѹһҲֻͨʩѹԼͣ֡
ˣȼҲΪ֡
ʿԣʿһһѰĲΣǲ֮ˣԲΪ壬Ϊֲ֣ɱ
Ⲣǵʿ˲ɱÿһλʿǾĥɵģûо̫ĥѵģͷҲҪŶȽһأ»оܲס紵Ľۻݣ
޶õĴſ֪ӣΪ˵ʱ򣬱ضǵõ˿ԿΪڶ̶ʮ޳죬һ·ΪǣﵽԲ֮
ܹ꣬ȹ١
ͬʿһ㣬ֳ˾˵츳ʹļ
ҲԤϣǹɹԶսǱӦгˡ
ȼҲǵг˵ʿȻӦԣԤϵһλѲĶ֮ѾõսҲܵȼֻ˸Żһ䣬ܷ㿪ʼȫս
֪ƺ˼Ϊ׷ʴҲٻԼθĻλһ壬͡
ͨϢ͹ˣԼҵɵݽսȴǷ񣬱սΪ˽˶Թ޹ء
뵤ţ˿ֹǣľ档
ܿԼ֮ھĳؽս
սʮλصĵʿҪǰս֮߹ϵУԼԼͬ˾뢡ͬʱǴ̫̣Բͬ
ǶԱ٣ǸԷֻһ߷˻١
Ϣһʱ㾪˸
ЩΪѰʿ֪ڵ뢵ȦȴȻ󲨡
ãѾûеʿֱӷŶˡ


821 һ
վЩʢѾɾ͵ˣΪξͲܶȰꣿ
һǰյıϣһʿеļ򱨣̾Ϣ
λʿͬڴĶһܻɽ档
ߣᶴ죬ɣ׼ңңԵ뢶ˡ
һغƵĶĶͷһ¶ɡ
ǽҪǰսҲǸѹ󣬵һʱ֪ս
֮䣬˴˶ˣҲϹһ㣬ǣ޹ҡ
ȼǱߣҲԼѣͬǰѹͬʱһЩľ뢻
ܻɽĻҲͬǰڴˣ
ʤΪʵϵѣضڹϷֹȼһϷֵüܣ˵ñҪֻңסĻҵ
Ƕԣʵǲ
ˣȻûа취ȰЩԸֻǰԼѶΪ֮
ҵܲµ뷨ΪҲã˻ҵҲգǼõĶҲ赣ģ³ç֮ûбʤİգս
˵УǽΪ˽֮ˣΪĸӹۿһسɳ
ľֳ֪嶯³ç֮
ȷ³çӹߣ
ھ뢸Եͷѳɶ֣Ҳֻþʹ˳Ȼطչ
ǰʱѾиϵԼսա
һߵĸλ֮У·ãã޼ʵĴ֮УƯһ塣
˽սԣѾ㹻ˡ
ǰһ˹񣬾ȼ˵ĵ
еһȼҲڴӸԵ
գ˱⴦Լյ
ΪǶԷƻأһ͹ȼѣͬһʱϵģ˫Ĭʮ⣬мս͹ˡ
ȻҶѾ룬ڱ㿪ʼΣʿѾϵȼ
ȼЦѲɻмģǵȵõʱֺη
ȻҪȣˡ漴һ࣬۾Ĭ
Ŀ֮УȼѾڣпݹǣֱ£Ҳνѿࡣ
ΪʿȼҲģɡУҲһѰ˻ĵһƽĿյصȴ
ʱȥڳλҲǵ뢣ĵһԵȺ򣬲δеˣڰҹԶͻȻһӣǧ⻪һ޴ޱȵɹſ
һʢ֮Уһλ뢳ˡ
˲ʶأ뢽ٴ˴ֻԷ˻
ľ뢶ɵüͷ
֮˵ĹأȻ˽˼Ķԭǹƽһս˽˶Թ±ս˵Ļս
ĺκһҲܲ
֮ȴֲɵ΢΢һ
ơ𣡡
һλϳ˵ľ뢣
½ʿʶôˣȴ֪֮Уϳ˵ʿʮλ֮ࡣ
ÿһλȥһľ
λ𣬱еһλ
Ҳ֪λ𾿾˶ٸͷֻ֪Լʿʱ򣬱λǰͷˣʱȥֱԼҲȹɾ͵λǰԻڡ
뢣ûƽӹһ˵˶ͷͻѰ֮ļޣﵽԶϳ˾粢ѡ
λϳʿ
æԦʹӭǰȥִ֮
Ҳˡ
ɷ࣬бɢϵĽ⣬·صo
Է˻ǰǰСһ㣬ʱҲû˿ͷԷϳʿִѾõľԶЩ³ʿҪöࡣ
ڴ˶
ķڿһСһ˴Сӣ˱ϣʱ֮䣬һ޴Ĺƾո֡
һλ߼١
ǻȪŵ𡣡ƺ֪ݣ˵
ɴоȡδϵһȻλע
λȪŵҲͬһ㣬ϳ˵Ĵޡ
Ȼ˺ܿһʿڲμԷĴ
޷ħʥ̣ǡڵ̫Ͻ̱˴˶־ѰаŻڣͬˡ
ν΢֮
ǹȥкɡ˵
Ӧŵȥ
𣬱һϮ£üۣΪϣȴϵºͣͥŲ̤նˣҲֻ΢΢ͷк
΢ЦˣȻһаá
֪ôʵ磬ǧ֮ãûеʿˡ
𣿡ԣȴ̲סЦ΢΢üɻɫУԵϴִ֮Ӻ˵𣿡
֮²ͬ
֪ΪΣЩԴ¡
ȴЦ֮£ҲǻԹѾãò磬˲żüãӢܱȴ̾ʱĩԪ˵޵ý
ЩҲ֪η䣬˱ˣϹ̫ɵſʼ㶨˵ʿͳȺףԲĹأΪ˱ںġ
Ȼ˸бԣֵһҲҲοԴԲͬţԸŵʿҪǰһ´̸ͬף֮ȴʼЧ΢ڴˡ
̸֮У̸Ŷ͹֮µĿ
ɵҲ̾һ
㲢ֹ
µ񣬱ҽѹΣλʿһҲ޲ɣʤǿԻԹߣ޻˵ɴ
㵹뾻²ķӣҿҲδػ顣һۡ
Цұ㽫֤ΣչŵĽܳӢţһá
ĬĬص˵ͷһУһ·쳹˶ߵȫսˡ
͹ͬʱ˹
𲻹ǷӦֻǵΪԹԼڴһΪǰڴ֤׼Ǿս
ս֮۽ΣǰԹӴ˾ԴΪ£ħսҡԴ˶ߣǿʲô
͹Щȵؿ𣬵漴ʡضħľˣеĶ
˶վңңʩ
һеƾǰȼ˵
ǰԣ֮ǰҲ֪ᣬҵձǡҲ
ȻѰԼսȼ棬ȴǺҧˣҲǺսԼĴ㡣
Ȼ
Ǻãǰɡ
˵꣬ʾ뿪
ʱһ˶ˡ֮УԴһ˿
λʿԽٵĵһλ֣ʵµĲûд֮ΪһԼɽʵصãͬʱҲǼʮ췣֮۵ĳɹ
һ棬Ǵǰȼг˳˶ϴ˼˳ĺô
Ҳȼ˵ãȻȻΪĥʯ
ڵʿ䣬ʵΣλΣ̶ܴȱҪȡڴսˡȻʿ֮ǿΪȴԹʿеһ㣬Ȼ׸ı䡣
ʱͣڵ³˵Ľ׶ΣΪԣûرͻĵطֻԼ֪ԼѾӵ˿ȵгˣϳʿʵ췣֮۵ĻڵҲ֮һս
ƾеԷǲЩĶҲȻϡ
Щ˶֪꣬ǳҲŵõӡ
ԣʵģԪҲһչ»ֻţܳɾĺŻҵ
ɲ棬Ѿһսˡ
ҲµԼľٶеľͷϲΪս֮ͻõĺôԣЩ΢Ŀء
ȻѰ·ҲԹñˡȼͷҲ£һָһγƾոֳ
һƹǹıУҪ˵һĵʿʿеɢޣҲʹЩеģԷɽΪ
ħ
ⳤңȼȴ۾һ
Ƕˣһ֣ȫ
Ҳѹ֣Է½ҲǻʵĵʿݲֻһۣҪһλӢţΪϧ
̾
һƷ͡
˾̲סΪǵȻϣܹȡʤԪұ鷳ķչȴƺϣȼ治ΪԶ񣬾ӸսҲ˿
ʨӲȫûһ˿ȫӦⳡ
гʿʤҪλ³ʿöࡣ
Ϊ֮ʱҲһɼΣյԤУ·εıУܹǣֱ˵Լ֮
ڵʿ䣬ǼΪģʿǿı꣬겻𣬼ΪֶΣٶԻǵԶȽٵԵɡ
һľԥס
Ӱʼģһ޴׻·鶯Ļʣڿйһ֮ĵ
һһң仡мһԲԲĿն
֮ͼ֮Уȴƺ̺ĵ̣ڳеʿͬʱһɿµϢ¶
ڹȼ澪Ŀ֮УֵֻĵһֻªӣȴִԶŲɣͫͫ·籩׹⣬ÿһƺ̺żΪǿʱҪ˺ճ
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ȼȫʱͬʩչɷһ㣬ųɵĹâӰޱȵĹâ֮УһޱȵԲգա
ʱĹȼ棬Ѿڣսȫ޷ϢڣЩâʧ¿ԭ֮ʱȴǲɵôһ
ããһƬڣȼϢҲ·ţ뺣ȫûټ
أ
ȥˣ
ѰŹȼ䣬ͻȻ뵽һƺӦڵĿܣ͵һŵؿޱȵ׹ͫ
ȴֻ»ûΣȻ
ʶλȼѰܣʤˡ


822 ȼҵج
λȼѰܣʤˡ
λ뢵ԺУֳֻһֻҲĻâ˸֮״
һ̼䣬ĵʿҲɵ΢죬Ǹܵ˴ϴǿȻ͸ĸо
Щ뢲׷׷ʶ񣬾ɲؿ
Ҳ¶һ˿ݡ
ǴǰѶ⶷˽⣬ȴû뵽ȻĽ
ʿֹûʹֶΣɱȻɱɣɽӵһƲл꣬Ӧս֮ǰ꣬лָ
ⳡԣѾʤȼһ˿л꣬Ҳ»Ұһ㣬ûô׻ָ
ʿȫʹˣʢ֮ÿһλؽѣܴﵽĵزεºܣȻָܹһʿĻ
ȷѾˣղǾʲôɫЩء
ʲôȻֳ˽Ǳʹ˽˰ɡعȴЦһ
վˣҲ̾ߴ͸֮ʱеģ䣬㲻ҲԻָԪ
ڼ˽Ҳ׷ˡ
϶ܣҲԸ˵Ϊ֪
ȻҲ֪ûз
˹ȼ棬޿ɱ粵ʵҪڣҲѾ̫ˡ
ʱѾߣ
ܺá̾һҲ֪ڸ̾Ϭ뵽
ûֻǶȻʤѷ֣ǱͣˣǶ֮ΪʿӦΣΪʿʲǡ
˵˴ɫתΪ¡
ȻӦǣȴûȥ
΢
ƺָ֮ǰеֻһѱ䣬𶯣ǧʿΪ֮ɥɴ˿ɼǵʿ֮䲻ӿƣȻ޿صĺ

֮󣬱Լһͬȥĵʿ˼Ҵ뿪һƬ
ԭֻʣˡ
ģ
ֱʱпսĵ׵ɻ˳
㲻ҪᣬҲǴ̽ɱﵣǲĻǣֽαС
Դųɣ˵
׼ҲɵøԵͷ¶˸Ȥɫ
ղһɱǴ𺳣ʵ̫ˣֱ񣬶Ծš
Ǹ߸λҲ޷õһɱ̺ϰ֮õɷǡܹ׷㽫ɷԻʱһٺɱ˹Ļ
Цһٵ˵
췣֮۵ĴڣΪǵʿ֮УҲûи߸ϵǰ˿ǿжȡıˣ˭Ҫøۡ
˶һӲ
ʴˣ˵˳
ĹֻѾֻʣһ˿лꡣ
ʱԶ֣飬ԼΪ
ʿֻʣһ˿л꣬ҲҪʱ侲ָܻȷϵȼ״֮
ڹѰܣδùȼң׼ͻȻʵ
ȼѾΪ壬µĹȼңҲضһǧɣӵеĺţΪϵ壬ʼ˥ܡ
ӵŵĲл꣬ƾ棬õշԼطӵܾܣǼٳһ뢣ʼղ
Ϊҵ񣬹ȼ治ΪѰ֮̽ʱģΪгңǵĳҡ
ܹʿģȻҲǵʿѰȥ뢶
ܹܹȼˣδˣΪԼãĸԸ£
˥Ĵ¶ǰʲô͵壬Ҳǳޡ
ղЩͬһͬʿѾڸŻȥתĵϵˡΪѣһ壬Ӧûǻᾡġ׼ʱ̣Ƿնݳ
飬˵û̫ķӦϾǹֻξ
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Լȼ⣬ѾȻҡ

ʱڵŵأȼҶ졣
һΪɽϡ
ȼҵӵǣϲؾٰһʢĻ硣
ǽ嵱ٴ٣ǵϷ֮λĴϲ֮ա
ϲϲ
˽𰲡
ף̫үү綫ٱɽ
Ĵ֮Уǰصαһһˮǰݺء
жڸ߸ߵ֮ϣĻοӦЩǰϲˡ
ȼҵִƴȨ֮ˣλͬʮ棬Ԫһ
һԣǳɾ͵֮󣬱㲻£ǽתй
Ϊ棬Ҫְڣάּ己ʢľ棬ֻҪԼ䣬ٵĴƱ㲻ı䡣
Ҳ֮ǰҪȰԭ򣬵ʿ֮սˣǼΪǡ
кǺЦţһһʢΪԵá
ѳԭңңȼһѾȥа˰֮á
֮ǰλִƴȨĵ棬ҵҵάּƣڽ廤ɽʿ࣬ӵ㼼յſͣӵܡ
پӵܵŬɸѰ̽أչӪȼҲ˺ŵĻӵ˸һĸ
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չĳ٣͸λѹǰĳڴ˶лλˣⱭơ
ǿˡ
λѣǹͬһ

ǻЦʱ򣬺Ȼ֮䣬һ޴촫˵ĶУ
Һٵˣذǵд඼ϳʿгϣµ
Щ֮󣬾Ȼɽɽۡ׵塣
Щǳɽġ
ǵ뢽١죬Ҳµܡ
üһõĺ֮Уģ֪ȳ̶ȵĶž뢽١
ѵЩҲٵģ
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˽
ηǰٴ˵أʧԶӭˡ
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ǡЩɻػشЩ²͸Щ뢵⡣
ȻЩ֪ʿһ㣬ΪԷԼٵģûκһλʿӡ
ңʿһֱλضд·ˡ
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е۾ʱɵûԲЩг
վһ棬вûʧ̬ȴѸٻָЦݡ
λǰĳȥӵѰܹݵλΪʦҹȼӵܵĴҰ
æ⼸λˣȻȥӵѰһ֮գȼҵϵТǣͳͳڳݺأѰ̽أ£һʱ֮䣬Ҳ塣
ܿ죬ĹȼӵǱڵˡ
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λǰǼרΪͽģٰݼʦ𣿡ЩѡеӵܻЩ¶дߴٵ
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ǷַЩ˼ģҲ˿е֣⵱ǹϲ¡
òװϣһ䣬аȥټļˣۣۡ
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úúõģóȻǨŵܶ춦壬ֱ޷
ҪǣûŪʲô£һʵִ̫ˡ
֮Ǩ¾Ӷһ£ҲռɵģοȼӴ壬ӵҵ
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үĪǵʧķɣء
мǲΪȻɫʱʲôǣȥ׼ǡֻһʱ䣬˽½ˡ
⻰ˣʱסˡ
ǰǨ춦ͷֱҪѰ
ѵЩ֮Գ֣Ƿ˴£
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ǰΪЩǱԼͽˣʱЩˡ
룬շ֮£ȷмַ˼Ȼǹĺǿô򵥡
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˺ټģв
ҪʣҪ©ƽأҿ֮ǰҡԽԽá
дҴҷԸһ㲻ЩҴҵɽķȥ
ǹȼұͿƻɽŦĺĵش̲һ౦ܡ
вؾ󣬵һء
峤չ֮ҲҪ֪ͨλ
кܶҪȥٰ졣
ԶϵҪѰӵܣ˹ȵǷֲڶ֮ڸصҩ˲ˡ


823 ֮
ϣԴ˷ܵ鷿Ų
үˡ
Ůỽ˷н
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ΪԼǾ֮ˣƣܹҽս֮ȨףõԼҪѵûʱʿҲͬ뷨
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Щҵʿǵϵһ֧ΪŻͶȡǰģѵжţҲһõĻᡣ
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һǧӦùˣʱУɹ֮ſͲѣһнˣǱߣҲɳԭħľ񣬷ãˡ
ŷĸɢޣճһ֧ӽʮʿѡ
д󲿷ֶǻˮ֮ҲΪˡ
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ʱ򣬳䵱ֹȼҽڵȴѯһ׼Ц˵ֳǰǹ飬ȼսһ£ѾЧˡ
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ںɢԣȼսһ£ȼҵİ취ǲһС
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ƽʱȼҴڣҲȥɢԣңȼȫȫӦԴ£еԴͷĻһš
ԼµĻָп
ȼǿʼˣȻĵ̻ڣȼսܣֱӰ쵽ǵĸȻŶԸĻ̡̻
ҲΪˣ֮ǰԼµʿǰȥһСķ粨ȴǺܺõΪټ׼̺˵·
ЩվǲֶΣЩɳȥʿҲ඼Щ֮ͽԺΪⱾܵܣԼˣЦһⶣ
ܵܣСʱ㲻ϲύʿҲ̾У㷺ǹ㷺ˣȴʧŷ緶
񣬴Ҷ˵Ԫ˵ĺţûаѱңҪעӰ죬ŵĵ̡
Ҳ֪ҪΪĺţҲ벻Щ֮ͽİģڵӵܣҲӦָ˲ż汸ڼҪʱվΪЧ
ȫ˾ȫǱСˣС
ȻҲףСͷΣСڣһλ͵ĹӸѾɼҵԸĲ˺Ųеӡ
Ҫֳһһ۵壬ѵˣЩҵʹαףҲɲ
ɳɵ飬Լʿ̸۵ֻ򼱹壬Ӽøɢޡ
ֳҪȼңҪԳɺȻ뵽һ£ʵ
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ɵҲҪȥǹȼңǸѵõļĻᣬɴ
ԣЦ֪ܵܵ飬һ⻰֪Ϊ˴ֶȥġ
ҪȥĻˣҪɢΪӹЩç֮һζôʵ䷴߳Ǵ򽻵ҲʶһЩеĸ֣ͳǡ
ҪձɸңӹСɣһǸĵħִ£棬ǴӸټɢޡ
УҺ͸ӹ׿ƣħִ£ҲԳ棬нֹɭϵĹԼţ׿ƣΨЩ̾ɢޣ߻ӣ죬пܴŸǿ״򷢵ġ
ڣȼҲпǲʿǱУҪңֻߣһЩɢ޻ˮ㣬߸屾Ӧõջ񣬶Ǽѡ
ʵҲд㣬ɸ£ЩˣֻҪύʵʿµͨ³ʿҲЩСѡ
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ǴеȻôŲƷȥһҪǶԷڳڲ޵ȥˣҪ׶༪ˡ
һΣڹȼҵĺһͷ׷ΪӪ
дһأԴԴϵ˹ӲƸӵܡ
ǳʮսҲֵõġ
λӸԻң׼ҵʿԼǰͶЧĸɢ޺ſͣҪǰ졣ǳһսǵѰһʵĳǳΪͻƿڣվȽŸ˵
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ɣѾӵ˶һʸҲܴµĻҵˡ
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ʱ봿屣磬ż౨ʾйĿģҪ֮£һϷ౨һЩ򵥵С£ġ
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էԪԵõãҲãֻоʱ˴֮Ż
ǹϣϵˣΪſͣʵҲ˲ˣⲢǵѪġ
ԪңҲشӼѼ˲šЩǳûмˣҲ֮
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һΣԪҹȼңõĻᡣ
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У㴫ȥԺս֮ߣÿһжˣҪԼδ¡
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ʱī뿪֮ĹĻһ㣬֮УĿ붨ε˾֮⡣
Ѿ壬Ʈε֮УйעԼҵǡ
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ȥ˵ȣʦ
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ƺƴһں츽ħӺɢޣһʱ֮䣬ʿ׷뿪죬ֻǴĶۼڴˡ
ٵʿΪ̺Ļ
ΪȨգսԼ˵ӶѩƬһ㣬ıδִ죬յнǧ֮ࡣ
ЩҪģȻǽ佻²ˡ
·ϣʿѯʺ
֮ǾںռһӵдŲƷĳǳأ֪λѡĿꣿ
ҵɳȥ̽ѾˣУһ˵ǳضʮֲ½ĹߺУУһһ½ΪӦԪжʺɴ֡
йȼ֮ػʵ
Уȼʱ֪ǽӺδֲܹҽʿɢֻܴ˾ʿ͸ӦʿķֻҪ©ѡһǿһ֮ڣܶ¡
ã㣬ǶȡӵзĳǳأԲΪӪͼıˡ
һӣԸѵͼȡ
н̶ͼǰʿǰΪָĿڡ
ң׼ңܻɽвٽܳ˲ţһԪʱ޷ģڴʱЩ˲ţΪãѾʮıʿĦ˼ƶ꾡ļƻ
ӦԪ½ǳ˳ǣǿǳǣֱϱУӦԪԱΪ½ΪһĿຮĵأԼȺ
ԴΪȼϷǳǲõʿԶ糤˳ǣǽ˵أȼҵñ㽫ѸٵſǰϷຮĵΪϣΧǵߡ
˵һ£ຮ֮ؼͨ³ʿҲͨеļԭǲŶ־¼֪ڤյȱڣһڴˡ
ĸ࣬ǳڴҵģزãɽãɽִŴĶѷ죬ʱڤ֮ħ
ԴȻҲޱȣ֪ĵطѰʿͨУǲɶõȻϡ
ϷĿǳǣƱһأȼ׽
˸һ
֪ȼǳͶʿ࣬вͬҲпֵܱǿ˳ǣҲԺôģһܹȷ˳´˳ǣ콫ˣȼΪ˷ǴضҽбˣռӦԪȫȻٹ½
ȻҷʵʤڹȼҲڴ˵ʿ⴦½һʿϮ½ǳΧӦԪĳ˳ǡ
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ӿǳǿʼɡ
ȹ˳бףµıʿҲѾˡ
Ȼ֪ڴ˿ԼҪץ⣬ȹ˳ǿǶ࣬ѡһˣԥҪʧʱ
ȼҵЩŲƷǻ˾ɵģƻȴǼ֮
ʵҲָŴŲƷ󲻻⵽ƻһƬ׼ĹؼڣǳصѡַǿԣĻ֣ɽ󴨣ܱߵĵƣӣнġ
ңЩǳءɽֵص׵ǻѴʱ佨ǹȼܺݵԲĵط׻𣬷򣬻ܹƾЩͲм½
޲Ȼȴ޵½Ҫöࡣ
Ĺؼʱ䣬ȵȼ¶ĳ״ݻٷ֮ǰ¡
ڻҲôµģǴ󱻻ˣܱ¯߹ǣҪ˲Ҳͬܵ谭
ǿ԰ԭƻȹ´˳ǣȻԴ˳ΪӪԴԴϴӴĵ֣˺ټɢǰ󡣡
ȼȻذɣϾҲĺţûôһ±ܣԣҪôսճ־õ׼
Լǣҵס
ٷԸһʿϸڡȻž߲㣬ƾԼϳˣСִ壬Щȴİ
֮󣬵һı˺졣
һʿУ϶ǸǲϳʿиƣܱͨȱȽǣ֮ˡ
Ѱһ֮ĸʹ䶨Ȼǿ֮¡
鵹Ҳð죬ǲȷ濪·Ȼٴѹһλȼ֮ˣŪıҲԼʱƽ⡣
ǱͳˡЦ
һ֧ϵԭҲʳڣƾԼŬͨ۷塣ͬͨ۷ϣһв٣ǹƽ˽̼ƣõԼҪȨ˲Ҳûг·ͶԪ£һõĽ·
ˣҼ䶼Ǽ࣬ʱУϧõұҵʿҲпԭ
ҲȫȻǸ첲գҶһ쾳ʿɵľƴɱΣеΪȷ̽ʵϰΪ
Ӧ֮ܿ³ʿһгʿԼ˽ļõĽſͣ£ǧ˳ȥ
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ֻһǧˣпܹ¿ǳǣҲпܣȼҵ֮У׶༪١
ҪĲӦɻȱ
׼ˣδһжҪСġ
ݴ̽õϢȼҽ󲿷ʿ˽帽ӦԪ½֮ңϧۣͨŲƷҲʱ֮ڵ顣
ʿڿǳ֮ʱ˳һ϶ҲֹȼҵʿǸʱǳʱ
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ƯеˣһԿ԰֮ңĹ챦󣬱İݺ̣ƮƮɽ䡣
ֻǴʱɱڵظĺʱǳǵϿա
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޹ģ󣡡
һ£İʿͬߴŵļʮſͣ׷ɢգ׼λƣǳǵϿա
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һߴǧɵľ޷࣬һЩԲ֡
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Ŀ磬ӿ˻Хһһľ޴ɫʱϯ߿գȻ󲻽·Ŀǳȥ
ʮ룬ת˲
ʱ򣬲ϳֵĺɫѴռȡķɷԪ˸Ӿ޴ĺɫŨڵҹĻٵĹʱޱ

ֲХ֮УǳУʱһƬңǷɳʯ˱ߣʱɼݶĸգȻ˳ҵķصи
˵Ŀ־˻Хʿ޹ģ׵һƬ
ûü˷׷ˡ
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֮һݷĲǳ

ᵹؿѣٶڼеķҲ
νɴܣꡣ
ɶҿǳҰ
ڣһŭűʮʿŷҵĺɫַˡ
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ȻֻôЩʿȼҹȻǷ˴˵ء΢̾һ
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ҲóȼҲûڴ̫ʿأĿ֮УӵŲƷĳǳأ綼ҪʧһģӪһЩʵĿ찡
ǳııʿµ˹ȼҵͼҲѵջ󣬱ϾһдŲƷĳǳأȻѸٽӪ֧սȼȻѾʧȥ棬Ҳܳװγġ
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ͬ³ʿԶԶʤڶԷЩſͺرӮսʤĴۣǼù³ʿ˶Է龳֣նɱԼʮʿˡ
Է龳֣ܿҲ㱻³ʿʮгʿΧܵһչˣܿҰˡ
ȼҵʿ׷׸𣬳ʣʿʱ󺧣һһʶ
ס֣ҵŵӣǰ˵ȼҲ޹ϸ𣡡
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ЩڳУղŲûгģʮʿһ̣æ׷Աš
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ǰѶ´ԣɵʿ඼԰ΪĻȼҵķ˵ʿòʧ
ҪӲǱڵĲƸȼңԼĵˣʵǲǡ
ʿҲµһ㣬˵׷״ӦǺܿۼڳһƬǽĹ㳡ϣӭˡ
սݣѾɹ¿ǳǣôܵ̽ûУԲ֮Σ֮ϣҲһĻܵʿʵ
ǡڴʱϢǰˣһʿӲ˽˳ǣȻдȼʿھۼǵͷƺ֪˴˵Ϣڻǰ߶
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ռǳصʱ򣬹ȼҵʿ̱ڱĳ˳ǳ֣Ȼſǳѹȹ
Ѱʿû龳һݵصĴܣ֮У³˵ʿΪʴˣΪֵڳϣ֣ȻˣеĴ½ȼңԷɳ֮ܡ
Ҳǵǧս
ȷפǳǣԼʴǰش˵ء
һʿܹн֮࣬ңеľ֣Ǵ˿̵Ŀ꣬ںվȽŸ
ǵһ£ǰзؾԼŲƷ󡣹Ȼϣ˸ϵ֮ʱֻһưܵķ棬Щصʿڳ֮ǰƻ˴˷
ٵ޸ޱ飬
ҲԤ֮С
ȥ
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ǳأһ㶼׹ͬƹܵģʿУΪʿ¼뺣ݣʿ䣬άֳ
һǳسûϽǱϵӵܣһЩǳأӹ干ͬƹܡ
گĳСؽãλϵ
ŶհࣿԴʵ
С˼ǹȼһϵãǽ׸ӦԪңһϵճʶȤԱ˼š
˵Щ½ϵԶףĹϵҲֻǷּЧڹȼң˵̫꣬ȴ˵ŵġ
޷ǱǸ֮ѶѣЩȼԶϵĵǹȼҸ֮ǵȨҲ֮ʧ
յĳ˿̱СӦʻһСĵ⵽¾
ûɱֻǷԸеϺͰ׼Ҽϣôˡ
ĩˣҷſģҲǲбֻ֮Ҫûи翹㲻˺ǣ˼仹ҪƽֵȥñǡˣУϤԲɽƺ;֮ˣ
æУС˸ϣλƹܳӪĽʦϤɽƵεĵʦɽɷǲ
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ͬʱⷨҲǲ֧ͨſճ־õս
֮ȥ̽ϱٵѾˡȼ쿪ʼٷģѾ٣ķɽĸڣ֮Ҳ޴󰭡
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ȼһȷ޷֮ʱٷҲԤϣĵıǣʲôʱ޺á
Ҫϣȫޣʮ֮ɡ
ΪһιռŲƷǴͨʦӦǰ
شϣҲԵ÷ǳȷš
áһ

˽ǳǣץռݣʱ򣬹ȼҲӦԪ½
һΣȼҽ¶ҪӦԪ֮ڣԱ˳Ϊݵ㣬һӦ;ǳأ㶼ʿأһϮķߡ
ҲӦԪ½ÿǡ˳ֲַϱأ˵Ϸأǡܳɹ
ããĴ޵ĵ̣ǩϹԼַ¶ˣвǿеķգ˲Ը֦Ҳûдɴ󺣶ƵǾ͵ص
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ҲǴӮսĹؼпʹ֪Ѷˣǿ죬ı˱ΪֻתΪº͵ֶν̣ȼҵĸҵҲԱȫ
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ʱ򣬹ȼս䣬ûĹǵı׶˽᳹ױٷĵҲѵ־ӡ
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ʿܹȼЩʿʿſֻͣӹӵܣ㹻ˣʱڣĵһҪࡣ
˿ֻ̣ۼˣеħִ»ڷɽɢ޻ļ֮УᣬͳһȣҪʱ䡣
ǣȼҲ࣬ҲȺں֮ڶѣֻҪӭͷʹŤתơվ˳Ե
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йƴǹȼԼ֣丽ӹҲᶯҡſͣɢ޵й񼺷ʿ
˳֮£ⳡǾսʤƾսֽ棬Ծս֡
ϢϢʹߵˣ
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飬δظҴɽʹߵãȴζõһʱģھٰµĳҲˡ
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ڵкܶλʣҲ֪Ǵģæӭǰ
ҲԳ˴㿴й֮Եʱīһҷ۵ףңң˵ؽ
һ·ϣĸʿȵ鿴ţȷɣ㽫۷˽ԭǳǳĸۡϿա
ʱīݼ
ʱֿ𡣡ЦԵǰ游״ģɽҲйע˼ƣ֪кѵʾ
ʱīѾ֪˼һˣҲ֪ϣȼңʹˣұʾл
ˡ
Ͻ鲻ԽЩ棬Щϲá
˵Ŀݸм֮⣬ϾˣĻλ뢣Щִеӵ޹أؼڣд̬ȣ˵·ϣԲеˣҲǴżֹע
ڴһΪԪ´󹦣֮ˣҲܹͬ뵽Ԫ֮ڡ
ԲӣֻǻŲ֮ˣԿԳƵ辶·
ʱīڴķּ֮һս֮жƣȻ㱻Ϣ
ȵˣʱīֽ뵽һдһɱ衣
˵գзһı
˱С磬һУէ֮£ԼŮӵױСһ㣬Լתһͨ鱦߱Ϣ䣬ɬĴϢ¶Ӻݡ
˾Ϊ޼쾵֮ǧ꣬޲ɵһԶѰΪ׼ķ֮飬ѾշҶԼ˺󵫷ӵѪ
޼쾵΢ȣ漴Ҳ׹Ǹ״͸ԼһϷɽ֮ߴ֮
ɱ飬ֻҪ׻ΪãͬǣͬʵܹͬӵҲͬ
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ԼĶӣֻӵķ֮һѪǰ˷֮һ
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ȻͬԤϵһ㣬ɱѾˣʵϱԼ鱦ֻǽʹá
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ԭһܹԦʱ֮ɱԻ죬ķ֮ʱ䡣
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֮ǰڵģȼڶԼȷԸС׸ûдǸأ˵أҲҪۿۡ
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·˵ĽǶȿȥԿЩ֮УҡڵĺӰֻܿĪ񱩵Ϻ
ټĹȼҴӪȻת˲֮㱻÷飬ʿ׷䣬ϣ


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ʱһɢſͣҲ˺졣
ЩɢԭˣսʱʿһЩԭûл뵽ԪҵʿҲԸԳǣʿԺ飬
Ȼ̾ݬ룬ʱԪѾӵ˹ɰٴĵֻ̣Ҫļ赼ǲҡ
ֳˡЦ⣬ڳ˳еһۡ
ãǴ˿ѾƿӦԪȫȴֲ㣬ءɣϲԵ
ˣļɢޣջ񣿡
ǰȹӦԪ½Ϊ׼ǽȱֵʱҲǷٸɢޣǰ
ⲢһɵĲʹʿͶȴ˶
Щʿ𣬹ƣ޳ĳ֮
һǳ˷ܣԵõҪ˵Ҳļϳʿһǧˣгʿǧˣ³ʿˡ
ˣǱԤ֮лһЩȻҪΪ˸ٵ񣬵Ҳչһ¡
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ܵܣ沢óȫһλңӣ㷺漫ȴԼԶģЩ˽Ԫҵ³ɢУλӣԼճӻҪҲ¡
ؾ޷Ǳƺʩ󷽶ѣкļơ
Ȼǧˣˡ֮̾ʣ찲ǰ졣ˣٵǰģЩˣɷֵã
ֳģЩ˵Увٳĸ֣йģ˴Ҳǵӵܣ¼ҹ˵ɢ޼٣УҲŵù֮ˣǿȫƿص³ʿЦ
һΣԼԳ˵ǣƽսύЩʿǰڴһвɢ޳й飬ܹӼã뵽УҲһ·ӻԾμӡ
ȻҲЩʿУ̾ﶼУȻȫյ£һЩʱѡȻѾӦԪ½ٸ
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ԸԪҵĸλӴ֮󣬿ɸƾѫһС֮أһɽ壬ƸΪǹѫ׿ߣɽ壬Լִ³֮λ
ΪһενѪҲĲԼִ³ϵȵλ˳ЩԭҪ͸Լӵܣδչģָˣ֮бұ
Ԫ½һ½֮أӵеĲ壬ɽͷӹС͡
ҲЩŵ޷֣ΪֻҪº죬ʮ½֮УԪռݰóжӹʣȻ㹻
龳ɢޣԭҲһЩԷĲͷĳĵ֮ŵ޲۷Ź⡣
λִ³ϡЩЩɢǼζҲлţŮöõõᣬ֮ʱҲͨɢһ㣬Ư
˵Ŀģµɽ壬ܹЩç֮һ龳Ϊɢ޸֣Щȷŵʵ
Ϸԡ֪ǻǷǳȷţ΢Ц˵Ǿ˸λѵġ
ɹӵֳҲԪҵĵˣĻλʲôŵģ
ԪұǴȫԶЩͣûбҪѰЩç֮˿ġ
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ֳȼҳӦԪ½Ǳڴ˰ˣһ°۾֮ʱҲ֪Ϣ˵
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ңɱȫԼȼѾ֮£ȼ֮
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ʱܿȥһֻ࣬Ƕ̶һ¹㳹޸˳ǵŲƷ󣬲˳ؽҡ׼ңܻɽȸʿʴλִƴ˼³ʿԭǸҵִ£µӦټ飬Ǵ´ࡣ
һ飬ɵؽչ֮С
ɴһʿſͣҲ跨֣䵽˸ƿصĲ֮УԱ
ǲϾӪѾռأʳŹȼڴ˵صһС
ͬʱ½̽ɢޣʼս֮ƻҥԵɢ˽ɱȻͬʱȼȼҸҵ

ϣԷƺܽ
ӦԪ½һɽУܲĻɢŨڸסʿϢ
һʮ˵ʿУĬ·ϵҶֻϡڿתʶʾЩӰǱĻ
Ѿһʱȥ֮ˣûзɽ䱸˼ҪػŲƷϴһĻᣬҲˡ
Ϊϵʿ̾Ϣ
λϣǹȼҵеĵܵܣңΪսֲԵʣͳʵȻܣԸջȥֳλϵûԤһ㳷˴ðżķ
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ңĲ²⣬Աߵӵܲǵش
ңԴɥĻüͷ˼¾ƣȴҲòͬ
ʵʵ͵̶ԱȣȻǹȼռţȼҳ꣬ռźôһ磬չӪãԶǴʱԪܱ⡣
Ԫҵõѵ֧Ԯһʱ̣ҲȼᲢۡ
ڣȼشȴѵϢдҪ˵ظӹſĻ̻̣Լҹӵܣ֮ѪԵ֧ҲʼűȫԼҵĴ㣬˼ҳռݺ֮Ĵ
ԹȼΪһʱ̣ҲԵѹѾĸóȻѪֶεѹ²ҹϵĵϵһҪŭ֧͸ӹ˺Ƭˡ
ңֻһζֳλ֮ˣ෴ԴǰľޱȣҲ֪ȼҵȷǵΣյʱ̡
֮ǰȫԸӭͷʹģȴû뵽ֲش
һУҵĹ
ңɵð̾һ
ϺγԣҵҲ֮ˣ˵йͬ𡣡
ǰϣڲ˵Щɥʱ֮ڴ˵أͱΪѰٻᣬǰĽŲ𣿹ȥ飬Ѿȥˡ
ááǶҹȼҵĺöɡսʧҵȱڴ˵أΪЧͰɡϣֳǻü֡

һȺȼҵӵܣοű˴ˣҲֻҰοѣҿʼռӦԪ½֮ȷ˲ʵ£ҲԴԴϵؽڴ˵صϢݻȥ
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ֵһǣЩ췲ˣ඼˫Ͱ׼ӵܡѷˣѷˣҲŮ
дǰڵ˵Ҳȷߴ֧ˡ
ЩԭڴظУǵ̫ƽү߸ɴѫҪأԪȫء
ͬ⣬ΪԪһ½ҲԿٳ֮أ壬͸Լֵˣؽ
ˣ㹻ظǣǸЩ޴԰õһȥ
ҲԸЩΪԵķ÷ʿ壬ҵҰٹٵɸԵĵϵɡ
ʸ񿪹֧Ǩ˹»򣬱ǲʮʿǣ߾ٴ죬ҪȥԶȼǵĴλȥˡ½Ĺȼʧȥ˱ҵ֧֣Ȼǽ첻Ӧеصز飬ֻظʱֵĪá
ڴڼ䣬췲˳ĿȺ֮սûвı仯ȻƽؼǵȴŸĴƣļ
ĳʿӰӣȼѾΪķȻҲǽʧ¹Ҳ޷ѳֽɽ
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ǲ֮ռ췲ˣҪ׽ӦԪɹռҹȼҶĴӪսʤ
ǡϣǸô죿
ǽЩҵɱˣԭʿ˶Է˳֣ͣҹȼΣڵϦѾ˲ࡣңⷬٶܹע⣬ҲͶ׽ӵǲ
ԹȼӵܵȻҲԸҵ˿ĵظϸ˵أط˱췴
ӦԪ½ϵһҲʧǣصϵ֧᳹׺ģΪǵвӵܣЩģⴥǵĸ档
˾ãΪͶңȴܹԭȨƣãȼֵһеֿҲױ
ʴˣңԲ֮𣬾ҲصҪɱЩӵܵͷ
ǿʼչж֮ʱһĪȻǣϢ䣬
ҵˡ
ףԺ䵴졣


831 췣£
ңһʱңֳ֮ɫá
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ԥ·ԸֿӣҪص壡
ϣʲô£
һͻȻ֣ȻУȴ֪ԴʶдһʡңĽ͵üЦһȻһȥ
˼ȫݳ֪Բ飬æѹо죬æɢӿ
ȴΪңΪԲʿУҲǶһˣﶼҪֻԼȺ£׶༪٣
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⼸ʿֱǽ𵤾磬ΪδԪ֮٣ڸʬǳ͸
ǸĪĴȴûзŹˣ䣬ٽ˻䡣
ңֻоԺ֮ĪΣѴʢԥؼһڵĴɡصһſʱ֣׽ڡ
һ׹ӿ֣˴ɡγɵĺ֮Уȴţ뺣һ±û
ƺԼһ֮ţ䡣
䣡
ң͵һѪӰ٣ӲЩӵ档
һӵӰӶ֮Уֳ
Ӱ˿һͶ죬˹ңˡ
ȻǺԥϮɱȴû뵽ңҲĻ巨ֵܹסĶס
ʱ޴˵Ѿʮ䣬ԼĶþޱȣһ˿֮ìͨҲ˿ϳʿȫˣʱһ꽵ٴ˴ʵĻδۣҲѰʿӦġ
һ±㿴ңһԲʿѰ͹۲֪ڹȼҵλĸߡ
Ӳ˵ġૡ
Զݣ˲Ϣǧһ±׷˹ңң֪գҴ⣬±һö̺ͨĵ븹У޾ˮ֮УԪʼۣһߴǧɵӴ࣬⴦ӦԪ½ϵĻҰֳΡ
Ҳ֪ڴ˴֣ױ˲٣Σ֮ʣȻ˲ࡣ
ֻ֮󣬾һͷĺɫһǧԪӿ羪İ
ѰʿˣԪһ̱Ҫͷɢ⼫ƽļ֮УȻ֮ϴͷϢе޷ĥױ㴩͸㲨Σң
һ׹ٿӿģʵĻֻһӰ׹֮УȴһŰ׽׵ޱȵϡ
ٿػһ򣬿ңʮɴ㿪ʼƳһᷨѪ
ླϵʿһ֮Իеľα
ƽʿѪ̥ⷲ⵽٣һ֮ҲΪѪδԵʣླ֮ǧ򻯣һơ
֮ȴƺƻЧһ±㽫ڡ
ңһ޴ʱȻײһɽ壬ʹ֮⡣
Ϊ뢣Ȼ˵壬ҵС֣
޴ԣĽǱ뼤ߡ
񷨣ֻҵȾƶԼ֮ãԴҵģѰٻӶݣȴǿЦ֮
ͶӰĵ˵վǱղŵһȫʩΪҲܣȻûһɱ
Ҳ˿⣬ңΪɱȼһλεĴ֣Ȼѩϼ˪
Ѿ˺ƤҲ˲ʲôʿֵĹ˼ˣȼСؽ壬ԶЩͬ˵뢵ĻӣҲԥسֻɱ
ңĻش𣬲һѪҲ֪Ⱦ뢵ȷѰƣǼᶨޱȣȻκıƿԶԸЩʵʵ뷨ȫָӦս
ֹƬ̣һ֮ìңӴķ֮ڵأ֮ⷨ˺ۣ鴦ǿӿݣҺڵľ·Ũһɢ˴Ƭ֡

ǱǱߣôûϢˣ
һ㣬ΪĿضױ¶٣޷֪̽Ҳ
һȼҵʿǱڻ֣ŴɽԼرİϢȴͬͷ
һǰռӦԪ½֮ǰĹȼҴɢɢױʿѡ뿪˵أвǱ׼ڵк̽ϢɱԷҪԣΪ御ҡ
Ϊһǧңӵܣȼһǲȱġ
˿̣ЩĵӵҲɵò˶ҡ֮ģΪսֲѾһûٺˣǷѾˣսѱͶСදȫȻ֪
ԼҵǷֵ԰ȫ룬ռΰǣ᲻ᷴӦԪߣ
һŲö֪
̶һʱ䣬˷·꣬ϵصȺ
һ죬糣ٴεܵɽȲ̽һ׼ƵǰһСǣװɷ˴̽ҶȴͻȻеһȡ
ѶϢˣ
ѶЩĵĹȼӵɢ֮ǰ֧ͨѶ֮õıΪķй¶ΪҲǾãֻش鷢֮ʱŻðһԡ
ÿÿʱб鲼˵ͨǳʹãѲʹ
ڴ˴ƾڣܽʿķڸǡ
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ʲôֵĵƷȼӵȴɵһ
ⲻ֮ǰԼõϢҲǴһĪ΢⡣
ȼӵܳһͻȻɫ䣬žһе÷飬ȻԥվҴܳɽ
ԣôˣͻȻӶܳվڸߴͬ鲻ɽе
Ǵϡ⴦طѾ¶ߡ
ִӵܴҴ˵
˽һվԣû׷ʣѸٱطתơ
ƺľ飬ûóȻ𷨱ڿзУ緲ʦһ㣬Ծ֮ϣʼղ뿪⴦Ȼ֮
ԲʿǰҲԽʶ鲼ѰǵĴڡ
Ƕ뿪ɽֵһ̣ͻȻһУһĿĳ׹â֣Ϣ
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һɽʱһ̯뽹
Ȼ˼˴Ѷƾ֮ĸӦ׷ɱǡ
һۣ͸ܵңԼ쳣ĶԼ󷽵ĶֽѶӵܣǲɵһ亹
ֲ˵Ѿ¶ãѶУֻдһ飬ǣˣһӵɫһ
ԭȼҵľӵľ飬·ѭӵһִм֮ʱ֮Ϊ˱⴫Ѷ֮˴˺ӦΪ֮ͨӦֻͬʱǿ֣Ż
һǰӦԪ½ڴϹңУ˾ȻܹͨѰǣʶ֮ǿֱţϴǰľңѾ׶༪١
Բ֣һԲҲв٣ڵ˳׶༪ˣǲ޼ֵڴ˴ĻûǾ뿪ӦԪ˵
䣬ȴһӵܲҽе׷׷ˣ
ͷȥȴ׹׷
˲ðҪܣȴָ޴ӶЩ׹һ±㴩նûС
ȫѪһɽ̿ΪߣʬǶһΪ촷ۣϢ
µǶİӰ֮еĴ̿ͣͻȻͻȻʧЩ³˵ʿǣȫ޵ֿ֮

˵鲢һ׮ǽӶ
һЩĵҴӵ֮䣬һֲĴ˵Ǳڰǣʱأػ
ֱѰķֻĺԣֱ췣
޿ӱܣ޿ɵʲôʱϮҲ֪
ĪĿֲʼƲɢ
ԼϢص壬ҲһСɧңϣȼҵϵᶨЩʿ֪£ҲΣ
ڲɱȼӵˣ
ӡֱ̫ˣ
֮⣬ʶʼչעĽչȻҲ֪
ڵʿԣս֣һ໥Ľ֣ʿǣǾеӡ
ȴǸߣֹظıĹ򣬻͵ӣԲ˳ֻ壬ֲ׼ԷͬʹС
Ķ֣ȼҵľѼֱ޷롣
ȥݹǳˡǼȻǹҵս޹أҲǲӵܽ˵
޷Ϊһȼͬ˵ʿչصգ
γԣֻһʱ̲סֶԸһ¹ȼӵܶѣңѾսܣȴ͵͵ӦԪ½ضҪϵķﲻҳֶԸǣƺҲΥϹԼ
ԶԷʣȻҲ˵ǡ
ǲҵķ֣Ҳǳ֡
ǰ棬ɫһ֮ͣλ޴ǣ
ȴԱر
֮ƻأҲݹǳˡ
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ȥ֮۾Ŀգ¶һ˿мЦ
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ȻҲ׶Ƕ֣Ҫ֣Ҳʱ
һҪҪҪĹǣȰѹȼʰˣ׵춨ʤ֣ٽ֪ҵ
ڣȼҵСҲ˵òˣʱǳսˣڴ֮ǰһƻҲԿʼ
ڴˣٷֳһʶ˺֮С

Ҳ֮ŹȼҹעӦԪƣɢޣȴڽطλ̽ˡ
ʱīһȺˣվڸ߸ߵɽϡ
ǵԣ֮зٵĹȼӵܣѱɱ궼÷飬ʬ¶
ʱīһʿװʿ糾֮࣬еˣϳΪѵõ¶ƣ̬֮УԴЩϲ֮⣬ƺʲôشʹڵɡ
ͳ죬Ѿ׼ãԿʼˡ
һʿɽʱī
λ󡭡ʱī״˵ͷټ⴦̵ĵ֮صķ
УӿԪѲĶƻתط΢ɲƫתʱīӿеĳ

ͻȻ֮䣬һգ޴Ŀնƶ¶


832 Գ
һưľ޴ƶĺһƬڣ·ͨһա
ն֮£ŵģǡǡǺȼҵĵռ壬壬һ֮ء
Ϊ˾תƹȼһҵͬʱҲټо翹ȼټ˸ʿǰ˴νǾӢ͡
ʱҲڲ鿴˵׼ųˣȻܵĪɵһ㶡
ʲô飿
Ƿ֡
󣿡
Եϵһߵؿ˿Ȼ֣ƶѾʧɢǹɵǺĻһĺڶģñԼҵڡ
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ͨĵ֪и󣬵ȴûм󣬿ЩǴ˵֮еĽƣǽ˶Ƚ٣УҲѡʱ
Уӿֳһ˿ĪΣ·۴ŲԤס
ܿ죬бҲ֪ˣۣȷѵԤס
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˵˽ܵ飬£֮ɢſԲһĸ֣е裬Ʋã˵֪д˴ҲǣԽԴͶ뵽չ׳
ԭеֶ֪죬Ҳ뽫Ϊأֿȴû뵽˻ûг֣Լȳˡ
˭ģоŭһԣɽʱضţеķֻǷеĲܣֻΪ޴ķҪģΣ֮ʣеԴҪͶ뵽ǿ֮С
ǡġ˱еŭһæش
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Ȼ޹ԽһǳԵǿС
ʱͻȻһԺһֱӴԺеææƲǰŵ̴ӣصĴá
Ȼƽչ涼ˣ棬棬棬λҲУмλڹȼûλȴʶ֣ȻǹȼҵԲʿ
УλͣǳΪҲΪ΢
λ棬ôˡй˲𾪣æ׷ʵ
ݿɿϢѾԳ֣ٲҪһˡ濴ڻ˵
󲻿ʧĻҹȼΪĸҲʧȥһ
ȻҲ֪뢳֣ͬСɣ֮ʵھˣɵҲ¶֮ɫ
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ЦôĪΪľǱԹ۲ɣ
⻰вûشֱڣЩǳֹһأ˹ȼӵΪͽΪȼұס֧Ѫ֮⣬ʲôҲû
氵̾һˣλ뢣ǷǳǵģвԶ𱨣Թǡ
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ֻе֪Էľ뢳ˣȴ֪ʩΪ
֪Ǻˣǽ帽˷شҲץסǷʶͶӳ
ΪԵ˹С
ԭ֮䣬˴Լ׶ʿ֣漰֮ӲܴɱһλûмˣǱ붴磬ɱ¾һ̣ŭǱ˶¾ʿɫ
ԩԩ౨޾
Ҫ˵¡ǵʿӣҲҪȫ꣬ò׸˵̵ͳҪٴʧˡ
ʿ֮ԼԼҲͶȡ֮ǻԸַˣΪħҲŽֹ
һǸƾֶΣˡ
ħԺ̨ΪάİȣҲֻöΥԼʿʩԳͷһ㶼Сһùܹ֮ͨң⡣
꣬ȻҲܡгһ˵һλ½ʿеΥԼȴֺȻ뵽λͨ󣬲Ѱ³ʿۣ»ƿأֵı졣
ı죬Լȼû滤֣ضң⣬ļλѣҲ׷ס
ֱӶǹȼҳ֣ǳԶˡ΢ɬĵ̾
ˣѾ֣չ黹мɵûԱԽ٣ǼͶӰڴˣҵȴ֮Ի
ǻ٣ֻֻһҲͨ³ʿɱȣλóǶʮֵıӦսϧһдۣҲҪ仯ڴˣ
˵ţֿ˹УʵˣΪ˸㣬ǾģһΣȴҲ̺Żᣬܹһ߻ڴˣӡǹȼңоˣ
ţͻȻһתἰ£вһ漴뵽ˣ֮£ȷ档
ܹĻնɱڴˣ˴λѱͻȻ֣شӡֱӻɱ
һȴǹȼռˣۺ֮еľãҲϮ֮ʱ
ֻѰɱȣϳʿҪʮ˵ĴۣſΧɱһԲʿԲʿв۱ɻܵ뢵ĵ
ԲʿһʮλȣҲЩࡣ
ؼڣǵţİɣڵͳԪ磬Լ֮Ϊɱ֮඼ǴɽõС
еУʵûмġ
ˣҲ֪Ȱ裬ֻǹؿżλ֮صͶӰ֮ռգ
ǹȼ֧ȻվԿԷǰϼеʿȴҲһ֧׵ȫһս
Ҳæ廤ŻסΪλ滤

ȼλΪĴ֮ʱܲ񷶥ƱһĺɫĻڸ
Ǹǰľ޴նȻһƬԵĻڣԵø䡣
вʼį£̽塣
ըףһһµعɽ壬ǣ۽ԪɽϣȴǳСһһ£ԱɽʯգڸߴľҲֻžһľŽƵĺӰѡ
壬ƺѱһĪİ֣ɾ
˺һʱ࣬ɽ嶥ϣȻʮâзɳȴðű׻еΣգƶȥ
ɲǼ䣬â˷·ʧУһڵ׳Уҫâ
ͷ·һոȴһֻ·޾ͫ۾Ʈҡֹ
ǾȻ˽׳۾ű˵⣬˹
ӣȻЩȼҵĸЦһͥ·ǲߣظƫҪôܽǴӽĹҳȴû뵽ȻԼš
𣬷ϻ˵ղһһһ羫ɵ˳ת˲֮ǳһ߸ߵľرֺƴϢʱա
һǱͨĺ䵶·Ѫһ㣬͸¶аֹѪȣһâҡڡ
ǿ䣬ִ֣̤ӡһɹɺǿϢӿ֣ǻûһߴǧɵĽ׾񽫣˫ץסһ޸߸ߵص
ˣԸʩͨҲʩµƵոΧ
ȻϢǿᣬȴǸ߾ޱȣ˺ΧƣҲû̫లȫ֮УˣһֱȫʩΪһǰ
Ҳȷǲ˼֣ǰ˵صĻһʿɵ֮ʱ֮ٻʮޣѽӽأԶɡԽܵеı죬ܹӵսһгʿ
˺ηȫҲΪ֮ݣһʱܣӲ֮˵ͷһ
˵һͳ׵ײԪĽڿ𵴳ǧ࣬ĽɷɵĸУ·Ӳ֮ȻԿɼĻڡ
ڴʱѪ䵶ŹصĻߴӿ֣ҲƾһŲƣӱն
һȾ֮ȼ
ɹˡ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ȴֻ΢΢üâһƾ䵶ش˽ȥ
澪Ŀ֮УתſֱۣһץסĲ˹
âʱصһը÷ɢȫľѪԪ꣬һƬ׹֮У
˾ǣ߻˹ȼ֮󣬾ȻԸ˰࣬һԭģɿޱȵĴ󺺡
ĿҲһ߶ģٶ·׹֮С
ͻȻ׹ҫĴŲһ½Ųһ£ƴ͸ʱռĽޣ׵سǰ
澪شһۣһ߲ʵϼ⣬Ҫӿ
ٶȱ죬ޱ̽գȻϼק˳
קסĹȼ棬ʱ㿪ʼͬһڣסĵطѪģԪХˮ͹졣
ҪȣȴһֱڿеֻͫһͻȻһâֱ䵽­֮ϣ͸ϸ
ʿѪûı죬վδı죬һģϸ֮еԪ൱Ѱ˵ĴԻ࣬һƣƾǧ㷨ͨҲ޷þȡ
âƺż侪˵׳Ʋƣһɻҡ
ʱһĿЩƵӰͻȻ֣˲ͻ׹֮ϣȻһƬĹâ֮лΪҽ
һ˿֮⣬壬۳һ޵ķ˳ȴֻһͬ飬ûʩչĪֻͨһһ˻ǰ׹ҫץסĿ꣬׽֮
֮ҲԽԽ޴վһͨ׹ɵľˡ
ĿһҪƴսȴȻ֣ǰһʹһìѴ̴Լ
ȫľƷҲѳֲסǲȥ
ٶ̶̼Ϣֱ֮ȫʱȴǲɵһüͷһݣ
ӰȻ⴦ʧȻһ˶֮ڵĽϿա


833 ȫ
ãˣ
ϣ֮Уȼ˴󾪣ȫȻû뵽Ȼ˾֮ԼɱϽ
ʱɱվãֻҪɱ߻ɱҹȼǡ
Ȼ󾪣ȴҲ뵽ȷһѵõĻᣬȻ治Ķ֣˵أлɽӣǱսܹӵʵԶԶԽš
ֻʧܣԼȺ˱Ҫɥڴˣû֮ˡ
ңܹɹɱӵܿ϶Ҳ˲ء
һսҪĴۣע޷⡣
˸ʶָӸڴ˵ӵܵϷ嶥ӭС
Թеǵغɽȥ
֪һս׶༪٣ܹȡʤҲǲʤĿܣȴȫ
ҭǣ̫档
ܹϼ֮λȻһ侲ǣ̱㳷⴦ط
λԲʿȻע⣬ǽضҪɨ֮ˣȼҵֿ
ҲѾԼµ뷨޷ǱƾԼΪԴСɱȼҵĸ֣ȼҵѾ䣬ǵ𣬲дҲСÿвֻҪȼҵĸ־䣬ĸӹҪɢ
Ǻܼ򵥵ıƫƫȴǹȼٵΣ
뿪֮潫Լļƻ¶˳˵֪ԼҪһλ뢵ĻɵҲЩɫȻԼؽĿģҲĬˡ
ڴ˵ؿ𣬺пܻҲҪǴ𸶳ۣ
ҵΪһ飬ȫսˣս󣬹ܾ֮ʤ
滷ܣµ˵
ģҵ干֣̰
ģ
׷ױ֤
ԲʿҲһЩ⹦ն֮ˣ˭ⲻˣҲЩ֮ΪеĶǣ
ΪͬһǿС
һ̣ڳ֮кüλõܵ˴ֻҪٽһ٣ɾ͵
ʱһޱȻֺڽ٣ٻʽ͸Ļ˽Ͽա
ɽػ⴦ȼӵΪĸأȼλ棬ҲȫеͻȻֵǿϣһ֣ǲʮԲʿǰӭ
ЩԲʿһԲ³˾磬Ȼʮϳ˸֣еˣԲɣֻһٵ
ʿνǼƷпǹȼ֮ƾԼ츳ϳ˾磬Բ磬վо;Իǰ׷ǿ
׷ЩΪػ塣
ÿؼʱ̣ļ壬ܹӿֳҿԤϣŹȼƵı仯ĸֻԽԽֱ࣬ȼҵĵرľʿ
ԪҵĵԶԶȼңΪ˱ӵܵȡչǰ˵ҲЭһȼӵܵǰ̺ϣ㱣סˣȻȵǻȻӰ죬ҪΣģһսԪҡ
һЩǿֻһĵʿ˵ľҲֻ˱ᡣ
Ц
Ӱûг֣ͬӴ˽帽Բÿһطչֳ˼ΪΪ
ʿĻԵʿУûԼҲֻܹһ߻
ǵʱº󲼾֣һжֻΪԼתӤܹȫתңٵĵˣȫŵľ뢣в棬˿ҪΪϣΪʿȻҪС
ֻǾ߻ȻҲӵеΪʵһĵܣҲ޼
ˣҲΪ˸ָ꣬ƵĴۡ
Ļֻǧ֮һ½꣬ȫάֵٻ
˵ֻķ˻һᣬڣӵеĻҲǽֻһ߶ѡ
ٻʵеıᲢۣѷɫ١
ˣǡһĵʿ
ĵȼҵļλȻҲס
֮׼ĹȼʿǺηһӵϣͨطҪǮʩչ
ԪУȼշ׼꣬Ԫȫս
ת˲֮䣬ٻ㱻ûһƬӰ֮УһһӿȵسˢϮ
֮ʱܵҵĳתóһ˿˿֮ɢ
ʱͻȻһӿֳֺķ
ֻâһԭֻɸߵ͵ذθߣƣԼʿȥ

һƣ·̺ž춯صƣȻʱԲʿȻһ֮£ըѣǡ
ּͨ˵ĹâŤǹչⲨһǼϵĹû
ǴŨɷѪƹӰǴյķɽǵطˮԪϣֻǼ㲨Ȼ׷û
ȻܴӰ죿
һĻ˽Ǵʧɫ
ǹȼҵĴӪ춼ǱɽţȻԿԵӰ죬ѹƶԷתԪȴȷȷʵʵĹЧԲʿǰ˵أܹӵʵҲüޣȻȴƺȫûܵӰ졣
ǲ֪һԴ춦һͻɱʿ֮󣬻ԪżٵоȻѸٱĶɵ·ٰθߡ
Ԫ
ע⵽΢ı仯ʶ̷Ӧ
Ļ󡣡
ǼԪͷķЧ̱ıս
֪δݷʿԭԲķе˽嶥һ飬Ԫʱúޱȣܴǿ
ף
Ц
·Ӧٻһö޴Ĺƾӿ֣ͷͫĹһµӰ֣Ⲩ֮⣬ȸղһ㡣
ͨ׵ˣһֵԪ֣תĴԪϢ㱻ڡ
ԭתҲЩԪУеԪе⼴ȫʧȥá
ڵر춦һ޾Ҳкľ֮ݡ
͵һɨ϶ʱһֻͫεӡǡ
Զ췣֮۵ĵӡʽ׹֡
һҵ׹䡣
ת˲֮䣬˵׹ᴩҽһûϢ
ǳ׹֮£ЩѰطʿԲʵȴԲĵ̣ǿĹƣǰűű
ٹһ֮ܶ׹磬âʣÿӿݡ
ƾǿ޼ɵغֱײܵ
һҵײѱ̤֧֮Ҳ޷ܱڶשߺȻһ׵
ˣʬʮԲʿߴʮϣ
ȴʮ֮ߣԭϡɼĿģ壬˶뵽һƬ׹֮С
֮ﲻͬӰķ֮ҲԽԽ
һֱЩԲʿ֮͵͵ֹȴȻ֣ۺϣһʱ䶼ǳҵ׹޷ʵʵ˺ˣȴһξ𣬶Ҵ֮
ӿµǣĽӴһԲľͫ⣬ÿһϢʱ䣬һ׹⣬У
ʮʿ֮УʮϱǱֶθջɱģܶ޷һ
һսǼ򵥣Ǹ˾ǹأͬ覣٣˿̵λȼǣ벻˿ƽ˷İ취
ͳͳЧӡͬЧԷÿһȴܴ߼һ
˵սֱǵɱ
Ѵʿսѱˡ
ʵϣһ͹Ƭ̣˷޷Щ˺֮ǽйÿһˣͬ뵽޿ֲľ֮УȫҲԶˡ
սҲսӮҲزסĵսռ仹ʲô壿
֮Уƶ˲١
̲ϵĹתȻץסһᣬһָյһʿĹȼ档
䣡
һجΰը죡
Ȼһ׵ը˿ķͨȫûϣ㳹׹ˡ
˿ðӸղһֱڻɱǵʿȴڶǶˡ
Ȼλ涼ǻʵԲ֣ϸر֣һ֮⣬Ҳȷʵû̫ౣıǮˣŻԵ˴
ע⵽Щ˵ĶҡȴǹذЦֻԼ֪ԼתͨҲǺƣĻͷһת˲֮㽫еȫɱˡ
Է֮е֣Լȫ俪ȻץסԼ͹ܹ˵Լġ
ҲԼϢ֮㣬ÿÿвĹ𷨾ӲǿĹضܣһ̫ػ¶
ŽʹԼиɻȻױ𹥻ÿһһһµغս⡣
֮УһѾʼ¶ƣ̬ҲǷǳУԥɱ
һʱ˵ļҷӦ
ԭͬڲ˶⼸޷սʤĵˣѾս⣬ڳױ

ҲʹһǾ
췣ֽۣ֮춦ָǧѾԻ֮ںϡ
ףԹ˵˱ֺ
һâ
ںķ˲ٷҲЩ˾ȥˡ
췣ۣ֮һͷâͫ߸ԭӳսľ޴նңӦ
¡¡
һɽ֮ʱɹâӶӿ֣ǧ֮ì׹䣬ʱһǵص׹嶥ûС
һֱϯأټĽ嶥Ȼ׹֮Ϊƽأ˴룬֮ǰڷ嶥翹Բ֣費֮£ҲǷ׷ױС
Хȴʼ޷׵ǿÿһ˶·ǵ֮еķɶ꣬÷ǡ
һػ֮Уʽر棬;棬ÿһ϶¶ʮƺ塣
Ҳ޷ȫһμ췣֮ۺǵ³Ȼ
ʮϢ˴޾ıң׹档
ȼҸ֡ȫ


834 ޽֮
棬λ氡
ȫΪƽأһƬǽĽ壬ɬ
úòҰ
һЩĹĹȼӵܣλʬ޴Ĳ״뵽ԼٵľҲǱ͵͵
ʱѾ뿪
ڹȼΪϵĽƻһ˳ֻɱ˹ȼҳɰǧ֣֯ԿһȺԲʿͳͳȫ֮㣬ʣ֮ˣ˿ϡ
һԳ֣ɱ˹ȼҵλޣֻƽ巨ȻԼҵõҲûйĹȼӵܾȥˡ
ˣĿǽȴ޾ʹȼҵӵս
䣬ǻʲô
ԭ־ɳǵĹȼӵܣʿ䣬ΪˣȻҲӵǵı仯ȴıһУֻĬĬš

ڹе˰˸УãʱͻȻһǡȴȥѲʿˡ
ԶԶߺһ˹еע֮󣬷ɿط˹
ôҵæ׷ʵЩݵѰΪ˲鿴Ҵ档
Ȼ֪ڴҴĿܺСѾʧȥ֧ĹȼǣԼͬϣţ漣
ȴֻ˴ҵ
˵ŽһݲطԲ̳
һ뺵취ͨް޻Ҳû˿Ԫڷ֮УҲܺԣصǣ嶥һƬȴܹرɼ֮
нӹ뺣һ㶡
ʲô
漴ƺһͼӰܹ֮ⷨͷضĳλƴȫĽ
ƴ£翴ʲô˽
гʹá漴ֳʶ΢̽һ䣬תΪϲȻ봿ֵļ¼̫ˣ
ʲôǽֵļ¼
ĹȼӵҲǴ󾪡
У˭ԼĲطȱݣЩҪܵĶ˵ɱﵱ˵֪ȻǳϤˣɱҲʧȥá
ȼҵǣȻԼΪۣ͵͵뺡
̫ˣǹȼϣˣֻҪݼ¼׸λǰǵΪȻѰ㣬ƺ⡣
²˳٣Ǽ̽ﴫȥ˵ȫЩǵ֪Գ֣ȻôһѱӣȻҲǴΪϲ
ǿĶ
˽ݷҪԵĹȼʿһʱ׷ͬҪ콫ͽЩǵС
ܿ죬бȥˡ
Ϊ˷ֹɱǹļ¼ʧ˸ʮݣ͵ĸ½ԼȻҲѰ˸עĻᣬҡһ䣬һ۵ʿ͵͵һݼ¼뿪˺죬ǰȥݻЩܹæľǡ

ʱʱ䣬Щ͵͵ǰݾӵĵط
עսֵľ뢣ֻһˣȼԭļλѣͬҲԻ٣Ϊȼ
ͬǣΪԼＫߣϧԳ֣ΥϹŵԼЩǣмּɵ֮⣬ԸΪȼҳͷֻ̫һԶԶ
µǿ԰ȼҵģҲֻѰԮ;ˣ˵ǰȼң˵ǿڶĽԼǰΪҪĹȼС
ǲϣǲܡʵڲ̫ࡣ
Ϊȼ̫࣬ȻԼҵ治
в֪֮Щǵ뷨ҲֱӺڹȼҽϮ֮ʱԹֻۣԵҪλǰ

ˣʱڽִ֣ʲô
үֻ˵Ҫλ𡣡
ҵȡ֮⣬û
һ֪ϢľЩֵ
뢾һһ˵ǣ˵ʲô
ʵʱδҲûпǷ뷨ȼѣȴΪ԰׸֮ҲĹеʦܿ˽˽
ݼλǰڵָͯ˽
λ뢣ֱ𣬻ҷ𣬹ҳҺ
ɵĹϵԲ˵棬׼˺һ㣬Ϊȹ̣ΪǽʱѾã˴֮޼ꡣ
ض񣬹У˿̲ڽִ֣ѰҵΪΣ
һ̧˵ϵôˣ档
ʵʵдµĽ־֪λǰǷȤ˵㽫ٽ壬Լս齻һ
£ʵλ˽⣬ʱȴע⵽ˣᵽԼµļ¼
Ҳ뺵֮ˣѰӵܣ뵽һ㡣뵽һ㣬ҲȱǻԲ¶гɹĻᡣ
֪˹ȼķȻֵľһΪȼҲǴϲæǾȻҲŪ
վǴˣУ˵ںδȡ
ȼҵЩջǷǳģЩ¼൱ڴһӶ˽⣬Ժл֣ռơ
Ⲣǿ֮ͱضΪУܹз㣬Ҳ
ԣһϲµıλ뢶ԴûȤûȤԹĶǵظˣԹȼǱʹڵùǺûЩԮС
æ뺣ˣָһ㣬һɫĹ䵽У·εǽڣɢ
һˮ㵴Ĳ֮УӰʼ֡
Ȼǹǰм¼ģˡ
Ӱ뺵ɵûгڻ֮еĹȼ档ΪλƵԵʣҲ֪Сһλϸ緢봿ֵĻᣬ̼¼Ϊ档
˰ͷּгӰһ㿪ʼս
뢲ɵֱµؿչ֣һȼ˻ɱȻ뿪ľ
뺷·֪ƣ˵ˣһһɱȼ˵ľ

з·ֻصԼǷˣŽ쾳һ̣۰Ͱ͵ؿŵеľǹۿӰ
ȴֻã˵أ俴һһ飬ȴʼվþԡ
ֱʮ飬ͻȻԵԵȡ
浱ĻͣʱһԲͫ׹⣬һ̡
Դһ˿ʵǺ
Ϥ˽֮ǰδӵ鱦Ǻŵõġ
ƺһƷͣ϶˵
ͬصͷסһ㣬ɴ˶Ƶ֮ﾹȻܹתӵžɱʿ֮ܣȼһ±ɱҲйء
Ȼа裬ͬʱҲ˼βܿ
ٿһȻڵУȻȥɡ
ж˶ڣվûʳ
ʵʣλ뢺ʱȥֹɥĲĴ𣬵뵽λаţҲԼܹʹöģֻӲؽߵĻȥ
һԴʧ뿪ˡ
ǿΡ滷ͬ飬ʼơ
ӡһ׷Բȱƺȫ㰡̾ϢȻ֮ĵزȫȻ֮ںϣҲѰƶЧԭ򣬶Ҫɢ˵꣬ȻҪԶʤʵ
ƺѾ˵أԶɣλǿа취һɢ֣֮֮

ļ裬˲ĬȻ
ǲܰɣ
֮ҪܴӣѰͬȾʿΨԵʿһʹɢͬ϶ն꣬ЧٲȻǵϳԳ֡ߣǡǡʵֵġ
ɴ˶£Ҳԩˣ˱бΪʿһء
ԣ԰ͷеǰԸҵ˶Ըİ취
취˵Ҳ򵥣޷Ǳҵϳʿֻ֣ߣǲгʿһȥ֮¶֮һ֮һʿ֣˼
ƫƫ߶Ǿ֮£ȱǵϳʿÿһλһľ뢣ӵƳԪƾõʷŴ䣬׳֣ǵгʿҲǷ֮ޣܱ˵ȥಫ
Ըĸ֣㾡ȫջֻķѡ
ڵʿԣÿһ˲䶼ԴмȡԪ޾û춦Ҳ֧ŵסһսˣҲûдпʲôס
ʱλ뢣֪ʩչǺųĶףֻ춦ԪתʩչóѰĵʿѧˣҲܿҪһա
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ڴʱλٷһ뵱ȻĴǱǴ췣֮۴Ѿõ֮ԾȥԶѰʿʵȫ͹֮Ҳֲ˶á
Ĺһ壬ȱ
û뵽ԼΪ׳뺣λ뢴п㣬¶ĶԸķչǡ෴λ뢣Ȼóһ޽ĽۣԽɵ
лȥ֮󣬵ֵȣΣֱϣλܹѰ㣬ƺ⣬һʮȥɽķ涼òɾȱĻɽӽ޸ٷ󣬻ָܣȻûκϢ
пʼԤвæȥ̽ȴֻһجġ
λ뢾ȻǶȻ뿪ݾӵɽرȥˣ
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ǰˡˡ˲󼺣ֻԼ棬֧ˣܱҹȼһԻҫǿΪͽסҹȼѪˣЦ̫棬ȻܹѰ㣬ǷΪʤ
аĪȴЦ·ͨ˶ѽһ㡣
ڴʱһϵӵܴҴҴϢڷ嶥֮ʱõľ
Ͽʼȫ½ˡŵħʿˣ·ŽϮ
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835 ʤĹʵ
ħǧϳ˸ͳ죬ִ£·ȼռݵĺϮ
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вƵ֮У˽Щʿ֮ƣƴӵܣԽǰ̣ĥֿ޶ȼҵ֮תΪԼҵʿ

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СͶ죬ڸɺкܳϾֻǱ䱦ԻȡģҪʱ޺ۻ
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һƱתҶ̫½ܹ


836 
ʱеĵħ÷ֲΧ̫½Ѿꡣ
УħִаħΪɣ½Χֻּʿ룬׼Դ˷ȼҵʿתս½Ԯ
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˱ͻŭסˣһʱ䣬ѻȸ


837 ȼʹ
·һŭйУΪԼıѾõıҵ˹ûʵĽڣԶҲˣ¤徿ȥδӣϣλձһź鹩븶˵еʵƽϣڴʱʾãһ׿ԽѫΪ¤ı
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Ǹ˶óڵĹȼңѾûˣٽŲţضҪѳᡣ
ãȻҲͬ⣬ǱðˣҼһ⣬ܷ븺ͳ쵴ħִµʱī硣ȻΧ̫½ѾãȴһֱûѰѵĽʱǲ븶̫ۡԶ˽Ҳǳ⣬˵
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ԶȻҲжĥɱ¿ĵǣ԰ϴΪ󣬻ֵȵȶ糣ĸԴйȼҵزء
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ֻǣһ࣬⸴ӣӵΪԼʣ˽Եûҡ

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СûеƣҲûпİķУԼͳĸɿȡ
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Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪΪҼս࣬Щ˵Ĳ֮٣綼ҪҴġ
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һжˡǰŲϽ˫ĿţʬһĹУû˿ԥ˳
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ȻڰЩʬ֮һ㣬ĻԪĿܣٶԣѾ˵ǼΣտԡ
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ֻһεѡΣɾ͵ϳȣҲضá
ΪҲһĪĺôǱ֮ˮԪʵܵõͻǧ֮ٲ⣬Ŵλ󣬻лɽչ죬óɾ͵Ļᡣ
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ԣ˵ͷ

˵ּΪ֮һǬԪƺҲеһ¶˵Цݣϵ
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꣬һĲѰӣһԾΪϳʿֻԵɺϣΪӣȻִӶλʦֵܼӱѡΪ˳ӭ֮Ի͵ʱ̡
гǧԲʿȴÿһλʸΪΪʤҪĲ׿߸ΪЭͣһԣҪӶλѡôһҲȷ£ΪʵĵӲһѡѡĵӣֲһͣѡͿУǳϿ
ΪҲȷǸɱĻᣬݣʵõȻŴλҫȨ
ôĿޣҲǰͷˡ
˿Ҳ־վס΢΢Ÿ׵һתͷ֮󣬻Ȼڵλ̫ϳϣλߡ
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ʦ𣬵Ը⡣ʱȻб˵
ã¡ǬԪԵ
ԿţǬԪʻжƽһһ˼һ޶Եģ
ھ뢻ûнĹϣϾΪ꣬Ϊ֪ܱΪΨһѡʮþȣٳˡ
ھΨһģǷ֮󣬽ҪȡΪͽָֽһĺѡ֮ˡ
ȻŽڸţͬĺѡ֮ˣԲͬɹ˵Ƴ̶ȣҲǴڲ죬ȻԼϤ֮˵ѡΪߣʱһЩҳУڴȷ֮ʱӴǡ
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ʿԪ˰٣׵Ŵޣϣɽǧ꣬뢴ǧǧꡣ
һжԶóãֻΪıЩҲܲġ
ΪӴλ֮ҲѰ֮ˣкܴһΪʿģȻŻӴ۵֧֡
ǬԪһھѡ֮£һʱһϵĴУڵеģָѡϱѿ˵Ǳضܹ˳ˡ
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Ȼᵽ˸˰֮£浽صĵز˴ȴ΢
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ûдã˰Ҫ˰²ߡ
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սһ¡ԭǵ֮ˣΪ֮󣬱ڵͳĺҲ䵽У˰֮£Ҳ𽥱ɵȡ
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ԼǾ뢣ԷŰʹߣȻһϣֱ


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ҵĺ죬Ǵӹеڼ䲻֪ʧ˶˲ӣ˵ͼΣòײŴ桭ǽЩƽ׵ʧ
뵽˴Ҳɵ¶һ˿ԳҲĿЦ
ռܼʱÿһƣ׷ֶʮΣǹνţν뵤ţʹţƤڷϲߣ޿κε²ŴӦġ
˴޿κεĽУҲԸַʽǷͿ˿ۡ
ϣǷǷ
ļʶȻҲ֪ôΪף֮ˣȻҪΪҿǣ˲ôࡣ
ΪһҴʼ棬ҪʵЩŸ˰ӺõƸҪϣ˿ɲƸȥб֣ӵܣͶ뵽һ棬Իø洦ĽԶֹɶѡ
ǱԼҵӵܻӻˣ߷ſˣҲϽҪô
ҪЩҰѳԵ³ͱȵ컹ѡһ˼ģҲȰԹ綼ħأԴʥ̣󣬽гϸԴţң𽥷ΪԵͳ档
Էԣʱ磬ѾĴʼ֮û˿ϵЩʼ֮µúˣҲδ֮ȡ˰
ţͳͱɸ˰ƺҲȻǴӹȡ˰ݡ
ҲΪʵʵЩɣô֪ͨϽ˰Ӱ챾ҵ棬Ըϡ
ЦЦ֪£ұҪôȻһ֮ȸҵ棬ȻҪΪԼҵӵ롣
ɫ΢䣬󣬲ҲһЦ
ǣҵĴĶ죬Ҳำ˰ǷŵģΪҲãҵĶԴʦ˰ţƺΪϧ
ֵϹųʵ춼ǰʱɸ˰ģڽһ𽥸ı䡣
ʵΪΣ
̾ΪΣȻŶĿ𽥼ͬʱŸ˥ߣҲ˥ҵ붼٣սڴԸˡһЩϹŵǿ䣬ԸظӹҵĿÿһ㣬ֻӵиڱӰ졣ԭѾżΪˣҪټɣѰ
ǬԪļӸ֮£á
ʱٸһ飬Ǳ࣬оĴСҸ࣬ĸ˰ԴЩңɴˣҾýɸ˰ˣԸ͵ͶЧĺţΪ丽ӹ
ΪŵĸӹͶЧҲ࣬չԶ֮𣬸ͬһĺţŻҪãҪʲô£Ҳæ
ңͶЧţҲδҪһĸ˰ֻҪʱˣЩ˵ļ壬ô
˵ѵʵԪңڷչ׳УҲ˲ң˴ںһ壬Ѳֱ˴ˡ
ȻУҪάɽӴķת޵׶һйΨм˰һ;
ֲ飬вٴСңԭӦüںͷϵĸ˰ȡƱת̯ɣԭӦɵĸ˰˻¶ˣҪƲƣŵʵҲȫԶǿԺһ㡣
ҲΪˣԽԽĴСͶЧţ¼沢ء
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ŷɸ˰ʵҲأԼ棬ҲֻȥĿǳĴˣƵƵǷ˰ӸѰҵʵĲʱɵɡ
ЩɲվվסţҲǸڴʱҲֻűˣȻȥ̰С壬С岻ţͶЧţ̲֮ʵǣԽš
ɴѭҪôճɾҵٹ̣ҪôֱԼҵ䣬ˣ˥ܡ
طǿԶҲһԩҰ
̾һɫҲ΢Щӡ
챾ûңֶͨ죬ʵǿ˶ˣҲγңƺǵжԣƫƫԸӹʽһ𣬵ý

룬ǰһ£λû˿һȴǹغҲƸҪ£ǬԪ˸һʱõ˸ʿԼͬķԡ
ǷԼҲкܶ࣬Ŀȴȫһ£Īļ䵽Լͷ
ҲһЩʿ֧ŵľЩرԴţ߸ɴû˿صɢ뢣ǵҲȻҹͬţȻΪЧЩ˰Ҳάŵöȣջڴҡ
˫̸Ǯƣ۵䣬粻ݣһʱ侹ǽֲ¡
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֪ŶɷֳɾŴɹÿһɹλ뢣ɻҪӴ
λߣѶݵ飬֮һ֮Ҫʼʩˣ֮Ǽʱ´ظУ֪ͨȥΪá
ʱν֮ԤҲ
һʱ֮鲻ǬԪֻٴӲͷƤ˵
ҪϣʵҲвõʱ򣬱ΣȻǿӲҪЩ߸ϵľǵƣҲǱֻȥһ㣬յգղĥִ³ϣʵڲˣץסôһֲһ
鷳ڣղŲƸ޷ӣ귢й¶֮£ƺԽԽص
Ҳо֡
˼ˣҲ֪ҪӲˣȻһĮȻֻɵʱѾٰǷˣɰ룬ǴͬС죬ҲΥĸ֡

ԽԽˣȻ䵽ҵ̯ɸ˰ĵز
뿪С̸ۣ£׼Ҳɵҡҡͷ̾һ
ǬԪеΪͬ˰ЩҺǿʼտܲվǰ취ϾЩһŶڵģûħɣǧȻĵز
һ㣬Ҷ֪ҲԸ⿴鷢
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һţЩ飬Ϊǳν޹ʧԼӵе춦ɵġ
춦ԶʱڵıƺԨԴһ仯
Ҳ춦㹻죬ԴӴ޸֮󣬱ԽԱ˿ƣǡڴʱԼҲŽĹؼʱ̣ɽϣû¶
ȵٹ֮ʱԱ˿ˡ
Ҳǵڣ浽׷ɶȴ
ҲЩǱѲʱԼֻһԲޣأܵʶǳס
˴ʱӲõˣΪɴཫ춦̫½ϣоݴػҶ𣬷˭Ҳᷢܡ

Ž֮ҪмӸϵõڶ뢵ķԡ
˻ص֮еĳǰݷãĵؽŵ壬Щ϶ֻѰϳʿھǰΣȰһͷȰ˵ЧҲ֪
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Ҫĺѹ˵õҲЩλӣǸøġ
һǾһΡ
һ껹С꣬긳˰ԸҶҲ̫࣬һˣԼռݰ½ĴʮҲҪɽʮڡ
࣬ǽʿǲգһռһ߰һʮڲȣҲǧ֮ࡣ
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ʿǵһӵܣһжҪӵ氲ţԲ޵ҲׯԻṩӦĵر̤һ
ǲʱīԼȥΪУԼһ񣬼֤һŵĵ
ڼ䣬ԸСɣҵĳϺӵܣȵһ죬ǻ֮λѾٹעˡ
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ЩҲӦķˣÿһ˵Աһ
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λʱ꣬Ĺ裬ڴӹż֮ϰһطԻԷ񣬽Գɾ֮ǶԴ˸Ȥڴ֮Ѱ𣬱Ϊһһ⡣
䣬ټʱһƬţϵ۵ˣȴǽסڵվʧжķ֮ڳɹˣ


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жķ֮ڳɹˣ
⼸𾪵ļѯʣϣǰĸʿ۷׷ס
Ҳס񼣬ɫ棬ѯλǰǷ֪йصϢ
沢ûʧ㴫û뵽õɹˣ
֮УƺҲ˼ֲš
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ΪǡɳɹԼĵӽһĴ£ʱ뵽
ͷ𷽲ԣͬǿԷطոоɹķֱһޡ
ȷˡ漴֪ķ֮һ
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Ψһֻͬǲû춦֮ʱԶԼ㡣
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һϯʱ˵ۣҲԼô
طܲ򵥡ʡ
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Ҳ˵ͷ֪طܹڱ֮½ƶ֪ڱǰ˱˵ʹԼܿԣ
ߣ֮ûм֮еı׶ˣԼҳ˵УҲ֮١
濴һʹҵõӵܽΪ˵ĻᣬԴ壬ȴǽƿصĻϵģӵٶ˶ãʼջҪš
ͬʱ֮ҲԿŵطֻҪϰ˷ˣԺŶϾ乩ӦִΣ
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뵽ھȴɫˡ
ǶγѹƵĸڼӵе棬ȻԴΪϷչ
Գ۵ĸе˵طӭɴ˶
ȻݷܣΪ˲Ϊɣȱݣ޷ֻԪƫ٣޷طǱʧȵȱΣҲȻ޳֮飬һǵƱؽȻ޴档
ǣǾıսԣţԽеӴԴʹԼӵܻøĻᣡ
ֲҪЩʿٻأԭλڻ֮Ŀģ
֮ǴӺδðģǽڣ»Ҫǰǧ֮ǰ
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ʱѾ֮洦ͱ׶˶˵һ飬˶Ǽʶ֮Ǹо֮вʵ֮Ȼ֮Ĵۺƣ˵һ򵥣ң漰ΣգԼ֮飬Ҳûἰ
˷֮棬ǰ˵Ѫϵ治Ը䣬⽫䷢󣬴꿪ʼұɱӵܣΪһˡ
˵ķ⣬Ч¹ɣǹҲŵֵ֣֮Σʼؼ֮Ҳ֪ĹĴ£ı
׼ȻԸӵܸΪΪԹѫƷ

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ȻЩֻǳ֮ߣǸλǰ飬֮ˣȻɸλԵΡ
ڴ˷´λȻʶ㲩һʱ֮仹ǷǳϤһ͡
ԭ˷֮ǴӸӵм˲ţΪӽһ;ҪѡεмʣѫߣƷ߽ԳţǼоҲܻãǧҷֱСƷʣҪͬƷе׿ԽţΪ˵֮ѡܹͨΣȻҲϣеͨţΪУеӹţΪ¡
ԴΪӵܣΪϣУ£ŷСӵܣΪϣУƷ
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һ޸ŵϳʿҪ֮ͨΪˣվۣ֮ƷҲһƷ˲ҲֻܴﵽϣҲƷͨŬ˽ңΪǧҵӵܳƷ
Ӽ꣬ŻӵгΪһƷ˵Ļᡣ
Ҳһְ취ͨƷ߸ɴಢƷţȡԽƷĻᡣ
ھ֪ŵȻƷ֣ȻҲ֮ͨ˵ͨƣƷضƷƷضƷ
Ժҳ˵棬֧֮⣬ƴı˵ˣһ޳֮Ĵڣܹ𵽵ȵʿ
λģԼȽٲף֮ȻԶԽ۾绹ʵضԶԶԽˡ
ǣȫƾ춨ȴԷ⣬ȴǵпֲģٳŵ㣬ʿԶԶ׵˺ͷ
֮ռ磬ƱؽҪӭһʷǰı

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˶޹ʵңɢޣƾ䣬ܵӰıǡ
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һſ׿ԽҵȹȻڼɳֱΪռ壬죬Ҳ̣ΪֻҪͬΪҵȱ˴˽ύܽ˵úȥֱǧѰʿҲ˽֮˵öɵ
˽ԲǵļʶȻҲܿóһֲĳ档
ȵʱЩȻ߸ϣȴ϶ֽһʥˡ
һ׳н֮ƣгɹˣұʿǾ֣ǿܲӣ¸Ӳ롣˵
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ħ˴ѳɣȷ˷֮һڸֵ֧ٷһ֧ϸǣȴǲ˥ɹ֮±ˡ
ʹ˶ԣҵȻҺţҲҪɹ֮УΡ
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Ҳԣ޷Ǳź¶ѣȨ֮ҵȻǵ˵ͷ
ɫţҪǿҲΪ㣬ƿ˷֮Ҳ޷ԼҪȻǴֲԼҵĵӣȻһٸˡӵоʵΣ֮ʱԽŸ𣬾еƷһ򵥡
ȻѾ֮ͼذһ㣬᲻ᡭ
ǺǣȻԶĪҪˣЩȻõĵӣǲԽƣ£пֵܳǽԼңҵϣ޹£ȫռͬвˣȻܿһ㡣
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ˣ׵ҵЭǸңôҵȣͨˣҵҽЧĶơ
΢΢һĬȻͷ
˵ҵĸЩСܵϤӵܣҵĻѪδ˾ٲסҵĻѪסδ
˵ҲɵЦ⣬ȻԵƲ棬ҵҲԿܰȻҵܹΣĵزֻǿı˴˶ȡˡ
һ󣬶ӲŸɲǰ취ֻѡ˳߲֮һ
Ųҵ£ȫǵˣΪ䣬ƱҪңôҲкôһסҵ˲ţһ棬ҲΪδٵˣͬʱάȶڲֳңӶΪۡ
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˽첻μħŵǿҲٱ˴֣ȴЩң㣬ʱת任ƣνǣһȫ
ǣȻҲƫԼĶͺӵž뢵Ȩ׳ܹͬȡ޺ô
ԣֲò֧š
ţΪ̫Ͻѳ֣ҵΪгϣҪΪؽɹһǴ˴ɣҲȫȻǼ¡
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ֻҲûвâһš
֮Ʒˡ


854 һ
һȷίߣ֮
һº󣬷Ȼپ顣
һΣ߳˾ϢʿھһУ㷢ǵȻǿ죬ȴĴԼ޶¡
ǡˣ
էŷ֮ھ뢱е־֮Ųһβ²⣬ҲС
һ£˱ˡ
Щˣ֣ȷ޳֮
üͷоλʿȻвȱȫĸоȷһ㣬޳֮ԣҲǻʵĵʿˡ
ǵΣȮ֮ҲѪ⣬֮ȣһȻЩԭֻʿ˼˳ۡ
ҲͬĻΣЩ˵ÿҲֻʿһ룬ֵͨҲǳޣҪ˵
ݷ֮ǰԣ˵Է֮Ʒһ㶼ǹ̶ģֻŲܸıƷҲ˵Щǣ̶ܴʿֻӵԪ֮
ҲΪˣŻ˵޷ĵʿȡ
⻰Ҳֻδ̫ˣ֮ˣܹҧ󣬸οˣ֮һҪ֮ֻҪӵ֮δкεĳɾͣҲ˵Ե
̫׼Ҫʾͨˡ
Щ˳ڵУΪչָԵı죬ͬʱҲڳľ뢿˵ʵܿ죬б˼һ鱾Ҳķڡ
⸡֣Щ˺ܿ㵽һɵСأǰĴָСС˶
һĳأ׾֮õɳ̡
ͬʱ֮ڵأͻȻųһһľޣǴǺһĵط׽ħ
ھ뢿ЩһֳȥЩħɱ
ͨطһһչ֡
Щ˵ֶβθͨʿȴǿ˼֡
ΣھнԶ
ֻһƷˣӲذһͷħǿͻ֮նϣȴ֮³˳
޸ȫû˿ԥɽ㽫ħ롣
ʱչֳּͨҡһ䣬һͷߴǧɵӴޣһڷħ¡
ˣҲչ¶˸Եķ࣬ӶǧǧɲȣȻһһӦԵƷ
ھ뢲ɫ졣
Щ˵ʵԽǣڳǣΪߵȵһƷˣҲֻһ³ʿսƽ֣չֳͨͱ죬ȴԶԶԽѰԲޡ
Ӳ˼ǣÿһ˵ǿСƺƷء
ֳģǷ֮˵ĸٿأֱﵽһľء
һ㣬ڳھ뢣Ҳĵе
˵˵ʵӦѰʿڲ֮䣬ȴΪ֮ɣӵƣԣһʿɱȡ
ҲԾ
һʦõʿһ㣬Ѫܣ֮仯Ѫ⣬ûѰ˵ҪôֻǱԪʦҲܹɱǿԼĵˣвƣʣԲľ֣ҲĶ֡
֮ʿҲͬѪ֮ڷһֻͨ޳֮ʿգûѰʿ㣬ȻиԷӵء
ҵǣʿΪֹȻ޷ԽĴڣ֮䣬ȻԵʿΪۺεȺԶˣϹͣ϶ڵ֮ϣԷ֮ı˸޷ԲȱᲢۡ

ھĬĬۿЩһĶƺҲյͣչֳԼյֱ죬˵صλǰչ¶š
һգҲһ塣
ȵеǽħ¾һգⳡչʾ֮о뢶ʶ˷֮ľ޴仯ˣû;ȥȫ
𣬿ҲˣǶѾ֪˵ȷǲǷԿʼˣоʵ
Ǻá𵱵λͶѡǷз֮
ھǵλΪ൱мּ˼磬£Ҳ͹Ͷɡ
˿ϣһ飬׾ٱͨ
˵֮ǰоĴңĴ滳ɣۿ֮ȴû˿ǡ
⣬ɫûб仯ôڴ鳤һ¡
ѡܣλѡһµ֮أҿɴӸ£һټѡƷдǷϷҪҲҪɸλٲãǸҶѡӵܳ޷ɷǳ̣Ը
ţλ뢽ϸ
Ϊз֮¹һ๦ƶ˸Ҿټ˲ŵ;ټı׼ΪԤ˲ٹǣ˽۸ԼӦĳʹ֮
ŵ˵䣬ÿԾһΣ
ڴ˹̣ѡ֮أκﶼԷģΪӳɹĻᣬɸƾٳԼºϺ˲ţ޳ԪΪ龳Ϊ
Ȼǲִ³ţΪſƷɼͽ档
ȵԾеĵ꣬ҽ˲ɽλɵ鳤ٴβ飬Լ˶֮ǰƷ
ҪΪ˷ֹΪƷαɼͬʱҲΪ֮˰ѹأʧܵĿܣڴŪ٣ɷʧܣҪ渶˴ηģƽ׿۷Ӧ
³̵йоأ鳤ղö֮ˣֻǲܾһУǼУҲӦһܹС
ŶԴ˲ƣǲȡȴһˡ
ȼλһƾٶᶴ浣鳤ϡ
һѡ鳤ϣǸĴڶ࣬ҪܹȫȨˣ鳤ÿһʱԿΣѡ
鳤֮󣬸ҸӹעģǾټշ飬ÿһλ½³ʿÿζƾˣгΪˣϳΪˣȻͬһͬʱӵλ뢣һ
Щǹ̶ģŸλ뢵䣬ԿԷ͵ʽڡ
һأֻѪ׻ߵͬһɼľ뢣ΪҾټ˲ţƾ໥֮˽תҲ
鳤Ϻִ³Ų壬ǳЩҡ
ھ뢵ǾãȻѾЭˣͬЩ޺ʱţΪ˳д£ڹƽ滹൱עصģиұ˴˼ලҲϷ˷ġ
ȵȣֻ˵˸Σ˽ӷˣɽĻָΣʱо飬ȴǴҹĵһ¡
͵ʱɽ󶼽鳤Ͽţ鳤ϵְ𣬱Ǽල̣ž¼ҲãҲգҪɼĹƻ
ɼĹָֻжԱڵӵܣһ㣬ӵоټӵܵ
ˣǼ֮ˣΪٸߣҲò֮¡˵ס
Ȼͨ󣬵ľ뢣ֹһλгǧ֮࣬Щ˹ͬάһЧƶأҲѡ
ؼڹΣҪܹõ뢵ͬ
˵ֻΪӵƾ٣ھ뢶ʱġ
νָɼԭأһıԼ嶴죬Ȼɽһϯ֮أϣƾݣƾԼҵӵܣֻߣ̫ϳϵݣƾӵܡ
໥ͻģƼ˴ӵܣռһԣô
Щ֮⣬һЩڷ֮ϸڣʱȴûжپˣ˶һ˼ɫ˼Ŵ¶ֵӰ졣

λǰ˼ˣҪغһˣ԰һ֮¡
֮ҵ˸
ʱԪȻǿʢȴ´ȻҪз֮Ĵ£λģŻȥһ
ãȥɡ˲ΪǣҲҪȥ
Ƴ֮ԭЩĸ棬ţ˽Ļᣬܴ˷ȻȱݣĿǰֵһԵġ
οδҲǴЩ˼ͼܴͨ˷Ƶ˵ط
λ뢻ȥ֮һͨǲӵܳԣͼƽ֮طȴôƽġҲҪץˣһ綼ӭ䡣
ȥ˵𣬵ȻҲⲻһá
뿪ɽһվûһ㷵غ죬ǰ޽磬ˡ
ʦôˡ˷ǰޱȡ
һѾʱڴ˵ˣΪʦȥüղչ˵
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ΪԲޣһ±չ£궼ƽ֮£˰֮󣬺֮ܿһϣʱŽɽϷĴ¸֮ˡ
žȻҲз֮Ƴ˵֪֮󣬲ɴüͷôһʦ
ȴͻȻ뵽ˣʦ˽Ҳڲд˷ܶŵļƻγӰ졣
ʦǾ뢣赲ƣȴҲһΣյ飡
ΪʦѾǴˣЦһҲû뵽ȥɽȻд˱ʡҲȫȻΣڵз̬֮ȼᶨƣδ죬ضȱȡɽˣ㣬ÿԻС
ֻҪΪʦضĴڣʱᱻŻ֪Ҳ˽طɣлţһ
ȴһ˵ɫЩ΢죬˵ֻΪʦҲ֪ʱ̾ûлᵽҪȵʱ
ʿеص㣬֮ҲϹģˣƽ˷ģϾҪʱͻԵڴ֮ǰһҪǱ֪Ҳڲд˷Ԥϡ
ʱҲ򣬲Ĩɱ֮ˣѱʿԸңһұ㽫Σ֮£ò׻ɵǧҵпܻ֮һ
ĵͬȴϡ
ֲãʦҪҴغ죬²أ亦ãڻ¶вȵĻᡣ
ͨйؽڣʦİҲû˿顣
ܿ죬ʦͽص˺졣
̫½һ۵òʱã壬լЩ£Ի˰ɣȻ㾶Իص壬ǰ


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ҪĻɽڹԶλȼӵܵİ֮£õȫĿƣұĵԴΪ޽ۡǳأӪ֮׵
ִҶ꣬Ѿһλϸ棬ΪʵǸţͳȫ֣ˣȴҲңһЩٷչ֮󲻵ԵϾ⣬ǣ֮⣬ʵȱ໹һЩ³˵ӵܡ
ЩӵܿΪһ֮ƹܸزҵִ££ǲ뱾µϣǣʱԵ棬Ϊͳһ½ּ֧ҵĴܡ
Ϊ죬Կٸֱž뢣м䲢ûһ㣬ʱ䣬ǧʱľӪ̡
ľ뢣вǳڴңȻûоȴ龳֣ԲĴޣĸף游ֻµūͣһ˶ѣȻûʲô̿ԣ·Ų
ֲҵѪףŻԺҵĹϵҲΪѣлõģһЩ־ӵܸӹſ͵ͳһأ˲ţƸûķˡ
һµõ죬ӵ壬ѾòײŻĽܳӵܺͲƸϡͷ䣬вŸɺʵǿߣ϶Ρ
ʱӵܣûдﵽԳΪľأڸĹҲڸӹΣʱκ⣬ǳȥضβ󲻵۱ҡ
Ҳ⣬Լ̺ΣյͷһֱԼҵӵܣ䣬ѡܡ
ľʱƽȣиλţҲǰɽĲƸתӵһ;ġ
ֻͶͶˣЧȴǽ޿κΣһȻʿһױҪЧ»ٹһУٹһ֮Щ濪ҵֽӭ˲ȱڡ
⻹Ǹ޵׶
鷿Уո˼ݴ½ͽ麯΢΢ҡͷ
⼸麯ǸӦҪ󴴽ǳأ޽ط󣬹Ԫ鵤ȵöȵģһǴλͬ£ûзּңӴȣг飬󲿷ֵԴɹи跢䡣
˽С˼ЩҲɱ⽫鱨ҪӴ˲ȣֻܷſ߶ȣĻʲôҲɲɡ
ΨСȡʱӵܰѱУϣȴǲɫһһӦʡ
һĲƸС
һ񣬱Ѿҹʱ֣Ƶˡ
վȥȴͻȻһ¡
鷿֮У֪ʱһӰȵӰ֮ʱȴֲ¶ηɫæףʲôʱˣ
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Ҹղſһ£ܹʶԴ֧ᶨ֮ߣܲ͵
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ͷ밽³Բͬ½޵ϵŦи֧ʱ򣬸עعƽ֡
ΪһЩҪķʵֳξð
ӺʡģһֱҲǾҵҵΥ̻塣
̸һ֮£ѯʣشִƼ꣬ܵĶԣҵĸ׻ҪְҲڼ֮λ
ڸоڿɿһ˲Ųϣ֮ţһЩ֮µĽܣͻȻʵ
ѾʼӿʿⲢΪˣΪ֧֦ɢҶܵӵѾǳɹֻۣҪвܵģڽ֮ʱջ˴֮ӵ츳ģӵԲĻᣬĻһЩ
֮⣬ǰʿľ棬ҲӴ˿ڻĵرѻɵġ
˼ȥڲغɰ
ͬԼǣַ˲ţ˵أȵպжϹӦӵܷ񺢶طɸӪԼͨá
պţضӵѪ֧ٲ޶ȵıĹӦӵܣҲԼӪ塣
˵˴ɵɷóԴ֮󣬾Ӫ壬ӪΪִ֮·Ƶļûǧҵļҵ˯Ҫӵܶء
٣ʱңûɽ֮磬ܵĶԣǻȡġ
ǸˣȻңҲˡͷôڶѾ嶼½ҲӵܹϽȱ龳ϵϳ
³˵ʿִ壬ΪС壬ֻǱҴĸӹĵطǱȽѳϺġ
żȻһλţĳ޵õĸ֣Ҵֻİ꣬ʱδг֡
ڴһȵ˲ţҲҪŻԵŵرܽҳΪԲޣʱѡԲ¶ࡣ
ˣʻЩӦһֲ֮
꣬㲻صˣѾھһֿ޳ķطӵܣƼ䵽Žܷҵ׻öƷ֮λ
ѾһλгʿŻܹɵսǲһǿˣԪҲƷ֮УټӵܣҲܴﵽƷҲƷˡ
㽫ԼΪϵȵ͵ȥˣһƷλԣ
ɸе֣æʡ
ɫЩ֮ڶ뢼ල֮½ƣҲҪԼʿţţǱɡ
һʱҲˣǵģԱ
˵ͷֻҪӸӵѡһϼ߱ԣǱԳƫӵܣԾܹͨʤԼΪѡ
ˣЩ˵ĻᣬһٽȱľŤת˵
ӵҪ֮λжģȻΪΨһҪ󣬵ΪԲʿȴĬϵĹأǵְأûһʵ޷Ա
ϾԲʿرӵǿʵȫͬģɱ˽ٳ֣ӵϳʿԲʿΪ϶뵽Σյľ硣
һΪڱҲ׸ӵǴźţǱǲҪΪֻ񣬶òٳּ弴ɣΪҲʧȥ
죬ǿΪΪǲӵĸ
˼˵ܹˣ䱩ǵʵҲԽǷ֮λˡ
ʺΪֻ˵Ƿǳ֮ʱзǳ֮¡
ʱˣʤεĴӵλǵĺҲ֮λӵΪ˼ȿԽΪѵĹѫʹ֮ڼ壬вŸɵӵһĻᣬֿԵŲʳŬ
ңҪԪ֮ǿڼڲΪ龳ϣɴ˼ӵܣЧѡ
ˣ㲻пð֮踲°֣ҲҪӵ˵ʧĥһ˶ڷ֮˶Ϊ֮ʱʿ±Ҫˣ
ʿҵԳĸû˵ʿӵٶˣҲҪΨհ
浽ʱȻӵд˵ңȻп֮к绽꣬ȴԶʧȥĿܡ
棬Ҳû˿ɻ䣬˵
ףˡɫ΢䣬֣Ե
Ҳ֪Լ˵ЩҪطԼҵӵܡ

бҪ׼֮ٴع֮С
źڰɽе춦ֻͫĿ΢漴ȴֱһӣƿǶ޾ӿ˳
ʱ춦Ѿڴ˴ݴ̺࣬Ž޾ԪҲΪ֮Դ
˽ܵ飬ȻЩӰ켫΢Ҫɰǧ͹ֳȴӴ˿̿ʼһɽ֮ص
֮뵵һҺĺͨĵºˮһ㣬ܵɽС
ɢȥԴԴϵ뵽Ӵɽĸڸֳһ˿Ц⡣
ʱգϣ˴طҲпܳΪɽһĴڣֻǲ֪ûлῴһˡ
֮ʼ£ǲڿʼıٹҲһ޳ɡ
ǰ˳ĵȻ飬δܹЧȴҲѶΪ֮
ⶼΪıҲݲ
£¶ߣ춦ݴһ졣
ڴ֮вؽƣҲ赼Ԫָķ춦Ϊģػƽ壬Ũȵ硣
һϵȸصĽ壬Խ񣬾סеӵܣ֪Ӱ죬Ϊ졣
ԽΪԴأ󴨣ɽõԪЩ쾳飬ǵõĵرһԽó١׳
ЩͬǶڿԼĳɹľ飬֮ڣؿɳЧ
ҲܹӽһسŵĻᡣ
֮⣬ع֮ʯңͱչ֮ء
Բ֮ʱҲɽЩģµ˼ҪıչŨͰȫĻǱģǰҲƸ㣬ݲ˻ӻۣ춦оȻ޹ʶ²⣬ɽ޹ййأҲؾ֮ΪС
ˡ
ʱȥ̵ı仯һ
˴濴ûз̫ı仯ȴ̥ǣȻ֮䣬ӵɽƵɽ
ȻɽԶԶ磬ԴȪǵķΧҲޣȥĲƣǵķΧҲа֮ң̤һҲǼΪס
ţѰϵɽأתΪαɽ
ת䣬ֹŨô򵥣漰ɽ̺Լǧܸ
ֻԭʼԪͨЧҲǰںߣֻΪס
춦ڽ춦ؿԴԴϲΪԴȪ
һֲ֮ɵ̾һ
ôҲȲѡ
ΪʱҾӪû뵽ž֮ôһȴǲòǰˡ


856 ǧ겼֣У
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Ȼ̫½Զб𣬵һͨϱң漰Щӹ֮ڣټһʵӵܹ
Լ֮ԻЩܳӵܣȻִѡʵ񾳺ͷླӵܣΪʵѡ
ЩˣҲֻǽߡضѣûһλͨĸ֣ҵǣ˲Ҫ̫ΪֻҪԪ֮㹻һԣ龳ϸȫӦԡ
һʣˣȻѡе龳ӵټһ
˵һӵܣʵϣЩ˴Ҳ˶ٶ䣬ﱲﱲﱲӼﱲ⣬νá
УԼµһӣдһӵܣһλǽ׸ɵﱲǵճ
Щ֦ɢҶļӵܣѾַΪ龳ҼΪȱ
Ҳһʼϲ֮ԭ򣬱Щţǰ;ӦԲȽٳɵģһ£㽫ʧȥΪǱ
ãҲе֮УӶʵȫĿƣа취ӵֹܷʹã˰յ£ıδ
ˣһҪΪŽз䣬ǴҲУӦź١
漴㽫֮ǡ
棬˼Ҫȥɽμӷ䣿֪ϤԼ˵ԭλӵܲ΢
ȡ֮վ
ңų⣬޶δĳɾͣΪҲ޴
ǿǾãǵĲžߣǶȽٳɵ·ӣҲмĿܳɾԲɣ̽ɾһǿ뢣ǵۣʵ
ӵûлش𣬵͸ŵ˼ȴǵ˼¶š
ǲ֪νķʢѾõΪףǵĲžߣҲȫһ㡣
ǶŽԲӵܣʱ˵üãҲȽٳɵ˵ʵڻһķ񣬶ǶδرǺ¡
Ȼ˸вͬЩϳ˶ͨӵܣ֮ˡ
̾һ֪ǶӢţӦõǰ̣ǷˣҲµΣȴǲòȥμӷ⣬ĻֺαزԶؽ
ĳصȲԵģҶܷ⣬Ҳܣ֮ھ鶨֮£ûн˷⣬Ҳʹüδľ֮·硣ҪְǼӵܣ˺͸ӹǲͬ
Ҳ֮˵һʱˣ֮ѡǵԭ
Ϊ˼塭
˸˼
ڲҪ˼֪ͨǣǰܷ⣬ڼһˣҶǰ׵Ҳصģ֪֮еط̱ضȫǣܹǵʵ̤Ƚ֮;ȣҲδػ·硣
ңǳɹΪ˹ѫϣˣȻδĳɾͣһĻᣬֺβץס
Ĺؼڣ˵ȥܷ⣬δ޵ĿܣȴЩűлԲɣȽٳɹ෴֮УǻͨԲƿԲˣҲ辭ȽٵĥѣȽһ;ųưѴһ֮Уܹɹһ֮е˶
ŵ˷⣬ֲͬǿڼ̵ʱڳɾ֮ʿһĴڣ˵ҲԵȱݣǱʧ˽ƣȵȣվҲǸһ͵·
ȡᣬֵ˼һ
ڸǰʹ֮ìܣǼʼˡ
ˣǡʲôʱǰţɫЩã˼֮󣬻ѡ˳ӡ
ǵı֣ڵһֱܼӣĵһˣСҳɾʹҵľ
ңҲȫǿӺǣı·ֻǵһ֪Щȡᡣ
ȷҪӼİţ˶ǰһ漴
Ƕܹɾ龳ϳ֮ţ¶ĵ飬Ȼ׷ڡ
˴Ӧοڴ֮ǰǱڽס£һ跨ΪӦԽΣ

λѡʹڽסǽҪΪһҵǱޣҪ꣬ڴڼ䣬ҪΪһЩɿѻǣط񹦡
˵Ļᣬڼ˶֪£ʩ½ơ
Ȼûо֮ʿʵЩ˵֮ʩ½Ҳѣһŵķ̺֣֮һʱ֪
ҳغʿȥѻԲѵļӵ̧ߣϤϣȻǰѵ
͵ֻǸԤһֶΣ򲻵ѣŻᷢҲ֪Ҿ뢱ضĻ䣬жֽŵĿܺС
СҲò
֮У˿ԼŵĽ䱸֮⡣
룬£һһ壬ǧƵҴ壬һڱ֮ʩԽƵĳţ㽫⵽ƻ֮£Ҳ֮ⷬǹˡ״˵ҲǣδѣǱµͷҪõöࡣ
Ҳ֪Щӵϲµĺδܹãڹؼ֮ʱɻ⼸ſҲŽƿأǱҵӦ
˰֣ΪϾı̨棬Ҳ׶Ըıȴ޷ϵġ
֮Դз֮ΪıƿҶֵĳһ˴ΪֵѰʿ㽫ԽԽѳֶȽٳɵĸ֣ΪάʵҲֻš
ǵӦֻ֮¶ţȡЩ£Զһӵȥܷ⣬ʱһƷֻҪһƷ˼ɡ
ߣҲԽΪ³ӵܵĽϳˣȻԾŵĻᡣ
ŵԽԽأҺǿҪҲˡ
꣬˼
ֽŻԶǿеģһǷǳǵôһضӰ˵ɼʵ½˿ɳ֮
ưȣ˸Ҳȹ̣ûʲôһб䣬̱㽫·硣
ߣ㸸һʤʮҲѱܹһ٣ϾҲֱ֮ͨ仯
˵ʵĳԣʿ࣬ͨԼڲ֮صĸֶΣѾԶԵʿγвˡ
ңӵ˴֮󣬵ʿڵҲ½ĵǣֶΪ֮ı䡣
˴ƣΪѡ
ԼĵһЩˣ㵹ǿóԶҲжԲߡ
ʸףʲôԲߣ˼ȥǾֻмӴʿһ;ߡ
֮ˣƺԶϳʿǿ󣬳ʿ֮⣬ҪԮǿǿ֡
һӵʿļγɹˣʮϵʿ򣬱סǧˡ
Ŀǰ֪ϢҲ޲ҷޣܹһ̶Ʒġ
֮ʵԿʿ֮ΪθҶ֮ĻΪ䷨ֻһգֻҪУ޷̽㲻ı䣬ڵűضὫ买ˡ
²⣬׿֣һŹ֮ǱƹĿǰʵԻǳǿƣô϶ɹ
ЦЦǵȻŶȻὫطˣ˱޿κ𣿡
ɵָҲط
Ҫ֮⣬ֻʣԼоһ;ˡ
ȴôüͷ
طͻʹ˲гģֻ׵Ų飬ӹţֻѭؾɣôУŵضɹۣҪ˼棬ϣġ
żҪֳȻλ϶Ӹּܿ⣿ֹǷսңֶӣǿԵġ
˵Լļ⡣
ĬȻԣȷȻӵԶѰɢ޵Դ棬Ҫһ㣬ҲףϾ֮ΪңҪţǻѪԵľޣһ㣬뼮ΪӣȱϹʱʹУûͬԶһĴڡ
ңﵽϳ˵ﶼ٣ֻ֪˶ѡ
֮£Ҳȫ޵Щ㲢֪
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ȻĵճӣҲѾܹһ棬ܣӦǵ뢲ܳܵģ֪ˣк档
һ£Եط֮κҪ֮նóѡ
֮䣬ҲмԳΪ߸ոշѾַоݴ׷䣬ɹ춦ͽ˳ɹ޳ǱűƳ˷֮ƺרһ㡣
طΣɴ˶
һߣҪɽеסɽȴߣʥ̴ͼȡ
˺ڻԵɺ֮£ʹ䵽ԼУ춦ĳķӦйӿ֡
Щʵڲܲ˵⡣
ô˵вӹһ˿ɻܸо״Դӡ
ع񣺡㲻عô࣬ϳ˵͵عǣһῼƷѰࡣ
ʱеģĿУֿȡʿ֮ʵķҲȤ
˺ڻˣԼĿм˲ţ̵ķԡ
ʱңһ磬¶֮׳ɳʱգضܳɲˣڳɳǰڣܶ˹
ҵЧʿǱģ಻ȱĸ֣Լ˲ţҪЩֺ˲ţΪؼģʱ䡣
Ȼȣ򲻴ĵҲףԣΪǧʱɣԼ֮ʱ˽ĿԶͳȫ֡
ڵǰΪڴﶦʢ֮꣬Իڷ絲ꡣ


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ȻжԵ״ˣˡ
Ӹ׵һУ˶ԺǵȭȭάҲֻ֪иĴҵ棬Żġ
Ҫһ֮ӻеӵܣǽԴ;ͶϣһŬڲ󣬽ѵµ֧ԼһЩ
ûʲôдΪ棬ΪıҲ岻ݴǵΣֻңҰףһＴɣֺ봴ô鷳
ˣѡεӷֻҪ½񾳵ӵܼɣǵĿ꣬ÿһ꣬Ʒˣڼ䣬Լ鴦ΪЩľᣬӦʱ˵š
Ե
֮䣬ͻʱһЩǾüԼԼŲͶ˼
ģȻţӵȴʫǺղأ辭Ŀ𳤣޵֮ͽ˵
˸вͬһӵܵƷõ󲿷ֵĽܳӵܶкõƷԣͬʱҷϽʵǽ̻֮ˣִɹЩӵǶϼİţֳҡ

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ڽµĳй㳡ͱǡ
·ܣܲ峡ټĳǳأǷһճǣʿӰ
龳ӵܣڹ㳡еȺֱڳаȻԶƺÿ˵һеơ
ڴ˾һ
ô˵龳ӵæ棬Ǻεºܡ
ڲ֮ΪǾƣǳˣһͨӵܡλȥɽң뾡ľȫɷ˵Ĵ䣬ˡˡֹסǵĿУ֣ص˵
ǰɽŷ֮⣬žļ¼̣֮̽һܵȻЩǶʹܹɶ٣ͿͺͻԵ
˵ãڴҲҪһ
λӵԣʱʹУ˾ϾƱһ
λ龳ӵԼΪǼеƣЦȥɣǡ
ģҵȶС
˵˵ͷ̤֮ŲƷʧǰ
ĬĬУ̧۵طȥ
صϣһǻ˵·֮¡
Ƕȥ֮УĻ㱨
ѾԼʹԼܷ֮ҪΣ¡˵ģεľ飬һΪӵʺ˵š
£Ǽġ
ʺ˵ͨ뱸βܷ˵ǿʵԿŵˣҪЩϣǴһ˳ܹ㹻꾡鱨
ƿ˵㣬ǱˣֻϧŲóȻƳȱݵĹҲѰ
Щص㡣ֻҪ˵ϺˡȻѾǰɽ֮£ҲλԴԽ档
һʵָ֪
ӵ֮ܳ󣬶ܸԷֵòҵգǳֻ࣬ѹ¶ϼߣδã
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ţȴЩ֣˵ѹ¶ϼˣ£ʿϵʺͲƸѷҲڶȱЩ˵öȣΪиǿϵĴλȫ⡣
ȴ˰ţȻܹʹ˰ȴվȦӹˣʹҵѪƳ
췲ˣ޲ֺ꣬αضǣңкʵ˲ţҲѡΪʿͳ졣
ҵˣԼôΪߣҲ൱µܹܣռѡ˲ţʿ²ƸһЩʲãԳӵܣҲΪʿͳһΪѪΪġ
ԾѾЩúܺá
ǳΪʿͳ죬ҲһתȴͻȻʵϴֲ׷ӡӵˣ
΢漴Դһ˿˷ܣܳɹǾʱޣѾϰ˴ӡʳ֮ݳһЩ֮ķš
ܺãȻˣٸӵܣΪֲ׷ɡ˵Ҳһ㣬Գͣ˿Լ̳иԸҵĵճ֮⣬вٸǳ֮ˣЩˣܹԼƴһƬأܷ壬֮٣ڶ֮󣬱Ϊƽӹ˼ң˷ѡ
ղָӵܷܶλ꣬ҲδǺýϾӵλĵϵӵܻܲЩЩӣӣ˽ӣǳΪ۹£ׯ԰£ͳһЩģƽ졣˵
ЩΪȻԽȴԽľף
ȷĿ֮У˵İţ޷Ǳ󼰵ռҶѣǰͨе񷨶
˵뷨ҲûдһٸУԴޣҲֻܴӣܰһֵĲƸȥͨԼŬ֣;ﲻФܻҪɽա
з֣ˣǷɢΪ֣Ӹӣķ֮һ֡
˵öŻǱɢˣΪͨɢ޺ССֲͬҴԽԡ
ҲΪһԹ񷨣Գͣߣ֧ūһʹʵ졣
ĿǰҵλߣȻ࣬Ϊ֮⣬ɣΪ棬λԲ˵ĵճӣճǼεĺ򲹼ѡִ£
Ϊĸϵһݣӵв׵ĵλΪɢԼ֮ڳһͳ죬ͬյĹء
˵ϵ֮⣬ڶαһЩ̿Ŭţ֮ǰ͵ɽ˷ӵߣǶѾϳˣ˷ླıԵҲԳΪϣΪ
֮⣬Ҹӹ峤ϣͬڶƫµ
㣬ɵг˵Ĵһ㶼ǿɿŻһľӢӵܣгɣ̱ܲ࣬Ϊһ
Ĳ㣬³ӵܡڼеĵλ֮Щ˾ˣȴûٵľһ㣬ҲֱŴһԣҲ⡣
ȻԺ٣û⿪ˣЩصʹҲὥ֧ͨСݿֻ߲ӦֻĿǰռݰ½дƵãԽܳӵܶŴҲؿͲ⡣
ûԷģҲڸ嵣Ҫʹ翴Ĵ󽫣ʹʿͳ죬廤ͳ졣
ڵ㣬Ǹλ׵
ЩˣռңйϡһϵҲǵһֻ˵ãҲ㣬û޳ؾλʿ
˷ҲǼӵǣֻҪ޳죬ҲܻСĳִһ
ڵ֮⣬ļӵܣ֮ҲдĹλѫ主һ
Ů֧ΪаǧȻ͵ҲûýȢޣŮڣƽ檣ŮΪɣύһЩɢŮӣΪ˽Ů
֮Ըͬˡ
Է˶ʮΪһƽϣһʮʮ٣ǧǧʮ򡭡ٶʮܴ꣬ﵽʮϡ
ʮ꣬Դﵽڼơ
꣬Ӵ󼰲ɼ
Ȼ֮ҲǸ֦ܿɢҶȥһЩ¹ѲмģӢŵģһģģûдﵽڼôţһǧԼڵԿ˿ڻҲѴﵽһĿɹĿ
ȻЩ˲ǸӵнϸߵĵλһȴȷɣǱǣڻϵѪԪҵҳҲǺʵġ
ڷ壬һ棬㲻ٸʲôղˣӹɣҲ˲˲ţЩҪãӵеӹţΪΪͼ߱ģֻòܡ
ҲЩƵķȣղڣѽ˺úðã֪ж˵λ΢ȣΪҲ˵
Ϊִ໥Ҳʱз
ҲνߣָڴףѪĺӵܣ۴˺κμѪУνߣȴӵλߣǵմڣ塣
࣬ο
֮ͬȻҲͬ
źЩ˵ʵҪչ˵ˣǸܣӵǱһö񶼲˾ˡ
ʱҵĸƣҲѣɽ壬Ҫַ֮ܳģҪ֮ãôܻṻ
޷ռ֮⣬򹦷ͣƽǣӵܣȻռݸλ;޲ƣԹ񷨣ȻҲҪԵĹƽҲӵܣһܹõãжͼܵĳѹͬӵܣʹôӵܻŲҪ飬ǽЩ޷ܷ⣬ȴǱ£չ
һףҪǣ
ֱԵҲϣѡܣ͹Ҫӵܣѫ£һΪˣһǸӹӵܣ˭
˵ͷȻˡ
˽֮ģ˽֮Ⲣûʲôԣ֮ܽݱΪһڼǿҹȥԵħò齨ȴǿԶմӵܣʹΪһ֧ڰļ廤
Щ˵ѡΣѵΪɣ֮ǰ˲ţȴҪ㣬ԣҪעҡ
˼ȴз֮ͷҲ׷ӡͼطȴ㹫֮ڣǣֻһЩ飬תƵӵ
ЩټһԵ̣ҲΪ޶ȵؼĸţʹ֮ΪҳϵĲͬʱܵԻˣʵ
˼һʱéٿ
Ȼ״˾䱸֮ӣȻԵ֮Ӽ壬Ӧܹȡ㹻ѽάͬʱҲʹøͣܽӵ
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֮ΪڰԴڵħгȡִ£һװĳαγɡ
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Լ֮Լ׷ӡӦ֮
ǰƷ֮طߣȴһ̶ʿĲҶʿǱ𺦼ȫޣܹһ̶ȼǱܡ
ֻطҲи׶ˣǱǱܹȼɶ١
һ㣬׷ӡļҪĵرҲôޣһ꣬ûԵɺϣơ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ӵк󣬶һ꣬ӰĴУĵرҲѹ֧ԴֲȵӵлῪؽ֮ʱԻѰøĵر˷
ԼҲᣬ㹻Ԫȥ顣
ıһʱӼǧƵļƣһ̶Ͼҽˡ
˵ˣ˼룬Ϊߵ·ߡ
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֮ʣ£ȥæµˣ˿ڣ¼ӵܣɸѡ˲šЩҪķʱʱȱıЩĵȺǡ

һӵѡξʹչ
һ꣬ӵǶյϢ۵裬ԱμӰѡΡ
ҵְӵܣԴȤ󣬵ҲͬвӵܣһϢʱ˷ˡ
ҷչܿ죬ӵܣûؾȱ֮;
һЩ߹ûеõչ˵ӵܣڻŲпܳɾʦȥؿ󳡻ׯ԰๤ܼҡ
ЩӵӦΪӻԾΪȻãҲͬŷܶϵԸϣгһգܹıԼͼ˵ˡ
СƱһͨӵܡ
Ӧһҵڰ˴ϵĹϵԽԽԶȻû˿ԺտԣɴȡÿʮöʯԼʮ֮⣬㼸ûеõ˿ô
һƽȣм幩СƣҲףĸ䣬ѰϽһ;ЩǮȴԶԶ
СƵʱͨҵ㣬ʮʱ⾳ϢȻּӱŬڽʮ֮ǰǿǿﵽ˺أй涨ϮְҪ
ʱСƼУȴǷһʣÿÿ£СҲЩᡣ
Ȼû䣬ҲϮųǱһҩׯ԰µְλܻʶĸǸĶĹϰ䲻ϽҲᣬҵӰܵжĲ
׻˵ʮľ䣬ҾʵСһңȥСƵĸȴִԲڣСƹҩģ򰾽õٺҲ͵ȥչ͵ׯ԰еҩġ
СӣٺСֻҲᣬ͵԰ҩģȴʱ䳤£һ㱻˲ʹλؼзʡ
ϸڸģѰ˼ŷԼѾãò֮λųϮٶģ˳һҺǿ塣
СƣָСóѧؽ۽ѰоСɱȣɴͶ״ǰݸμӿ˵ĺ
СƸ磬ǰݸμӿˣѡˣлϾ̫½ȥûˣ㲻㸸𣿡
ڴңԶԴĽ磬һ꣬Цʵ
Աһĺĺ
СƼеͬõʦֵҲ˽⣬֪Ǿⲻȥˡ
ûϵСЦЦǲ˼꣬ԼԱߵļͬţұѡϣұﰲţȥ̫½ѧҲá
ʦֵ̾һҲ֪Ǹ̾ľ飬ΪڰѲĸ׶ο
μͻҪҵӻԾμӣҲǸѵõĽ֮;֪ҿ˵һϢܹѡϣлѵпܼ档
һӵ˵
Ҳ˵ˡСƴһ˿ȻаѳȻЦ˵ǼΨһһ֧ȫڼ˵ӣȻлʱ档
˶ӵܣԲҵ඼ڲ²⣬ʲôģԼȺˣܱܲѡϣǱѡˣǰΡ
䣬ѹأݸڵ׳ǡ
ſ˺ǣйٸͷȺֱӽһȺӵܴվ
صӵҲˡ
СƵһͬͬѧ˵
תͷȥȻһЩ󴬸ۡ
͢ϧǮʱ䣬ӸݸӵܣҲûʲôġ˵ҪһѡΣѡ
ֹӵܣЩտ֦ɢҶȥģѪҲѡ֮С˵
ԭεѡֹЩӵܣһЩӵܡ
ȴԴĸϵһӵҵѪͳ
ֻҪѪԵŨһ̶ȣδ֮ģҲԱμӡ
Щˣٸ̬ȽΪɣûǿƵǼᣬͬ;ṩʳޣ
СƵ˺ܿ齵ĵطϢ׼
֮йٲǰУ
ҵĸʢУݸпѧʦĳأҲֳɵģɾǷģ˴ѡͬٶƽУʾǰδеӡ
ݸҵ٣פƽѵһʦ֣ǰ࿼ȵСƵ˱Уԣս޶
ˣˣˣ

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УУһžϣɱףǹ֣ǿɷʱַԲ
һЩΪ΢û³ӵܣʱɫҰףôô䣬ҪǴɣ
ɡ
ӵУʱмҺ
ٵ߹Ŀ˰ÿһо䣬ΪϢİս񣬶Ҹ̨вʿָӣ֣໥УǴﵽϳ˶Ĵ֣Ѱʦܴùȥ
Ҫţǳ͢ֵܹǣģӦܹȥġСΪƽӹʱȴʾԶͬ˵侲㡣
˿Уܣֿ˿ߵһȺˣʱЦûв´ĻҪʿǰ㵥˴󣬶ǻֵĻᡣ
Ҳ˵ʹõٵİҲлͨġ

ţӾȻĿ⣬Ǹ˲Ű
СƸո˵һοͬĻô΢ƽʱУһĸ̨ϣϢҵ٣ȴЦ̸
ͻȻҪѡӢţ밵ܹھǰûзֵ˲š
ǵȻӣвͬһĸҲԣοǸҸ֧ӵܣȥΪûͣȴǻ౻ûš
Ӣ˾Ȼҷޣĳɶضܹıӵܵʹбµ˲ţܹͷء
мһЦλƺ˵ԶˣʱѾ࣬ǿʼѡΰɣǱб׼Ŀģ˵̹ʥãҪģҲ򵥣±ˡ
Ҳǣʱ쵽ٽʿǼϣҡֺš
һ£УеĽʿǣʱЭݸжԸأӵֳܷһһСӣȻݡ
СƵ˲²Ĳ࣬һҪеģǻΪоʯУֿɷΪѡһнʿݣɿС
ڶأȴÿʮΪһ飬ڰѶȹ󣬲ǿЩӵܹȫܶԷҪಫֻҪȡָļɡ
ڵأȻǲ۴磬Ÿλٴ˺ʦ棬۾壬̽ѧ
һؿʵ޹أʵȴΪҪΪλٺʦͶƱȨƫ߱ΪԲ㣬ʹͨǰأҲױˢ෴һػڿٵһϿɣҲпܱرѡ
أͨˣʸϾμѡ̭ߣݸŲ÷ãվԭ
ƽٵݲ࣬ӵܵУҲвٲμӹ٣ȡ˹ģЩȻϤǺ壬ܿ״̬

Сһ֮ʱкˣһ׼洫İսǳƽˮƽֱʮˮ׼Ȼڵڶط֮ʱͬļֽ顣
֮ǰС۾ɱЩӵܣҲͬһ죬ҪԴҿ˴Ż졣
ãҿˡֵһؿСһֻۣһƽʱɽ¶ˮؼʱ̣ͦ⡣
ͬϱж
ƲȻ򵥣ȴﳤ̣ܶƾϣԳ󣬼սһʱ࣬öһɵץסᣬһԾϸ̨ժġ
һԼصĿټˣһͨ
СƲ֪֮ͨ󣬸ԱߣѾйעˣƽӹ֮ˣʹͨˣҲԴűˢȥĿܡ
ڱйע֮ˣΪУ֮żȻı֣Ѿ˿ٷۣǡ÷ӳ˸ʵϸġ
ĵأȻ޾ձͨˡ
˻ϲ˳һУмСʶͬӵܱ̭ˣǳ;ϢĻᣬѹСƵ˸
ҪȥˣѡҲ֪᲻Ӱ١
һλһ̸Уξȴ룬ϱһ֣ս֣ǶˣҵղҪĥĵط
СƸ磬ϲǡ
˵Ի߶һﶼ֪ηֱ𣬿ҪöԺˡ
ȴϵٰôڳĲˣվδл˱磬ӴչµЩףܵ˽ǵǨ˹
ôҲͬв޷ǨĹϵ֮࣬ɱؽϡ
꿼˽˻صվֵ˼죬ǣͱɴ˶תϾȴһĿ˺ѡΡ
ڽʱСƵ˴;ȹֽ˸ϡŹֵĿ˺ͲԣʦʩչжչΧ׷½أѼ֮¡
Сƽرģһжſ鶼ΪͬʱҲ²Щ˵塣
ܴȴǲµ˰ΪҰ൱̽һĴڣǣ;һЩ죬ѶǱ֮ļɣȻó
ȵºСѾͨ˱յѡΣǧӵһȷǰѵʸ


859 СƵĿ
ǽ壬һɼҸء
ԶɽСƼһ֮صӵֻƣ뵣峿ӳ£ɢŵĺؽ⡣
ԶȺɽǹ£һ߸ߵͦʱԿɺףʵشƼɹܵɽҰ鴦Ǳ̵ĴݣչŨ
˶ٸд۽磬ɽĴ档
Сȴûж飬Ϊſ֮ٽѾ֪ԼнҪʹǱǲμӰѡΣǳɹΪܳΪִµѵҲлɾ죬Ϊ߸ϵʦ
ʧܣͬԭ
׾ִ켩£̽ܡһûᰡ
ܹΪִ£ԼȥȡⴳҪ׳ͷһлΪ
СɥĸֺöģԼԶͬ˼죬һ·ϣŴӸ̽Ϣµ˼ӵܣʵͼ
һѵõĳͷᣬԼѰʣǷڷ䣬ʮҲԲ磬ϳ˾綼ԴﵽʹЩǮȢӣһӱȥˡ
ͨ˵
¼ɳֳʦңڣòĽżֿϣгһգܹΪǰ˲š
в·ıѰʺͳ޳죬ΪʦǲҪָˣܱѡаضᾡ
ǰδ湦طضܹʦָĵرɼҸȡ
ЧҲǴڣ벢ͻ
˵Դӵ֪еĿУ㱥ڴԼľһҪͨ
ѡΰִ£ҪģӦֻΪһ;ҪȻĻǰ漸кüλΪĸ֣Ҳᱻ̭ˣѡ˵Уʵֻƫ£ÿٿˣ
СвѰ˼š
Сƣʲôأǵˣ쿴ʱԵͬͬ
ûʲôСƴ˼лعȻ֣ͷ޴¥ԶɽϷ˹
ǱԪӵܣ޴ͣɽſյϣһ۵ʿ
ʦȻɼҸأǵĶʦ
伫ټʿжЩ˷ܣܹסԼ룬߽¥֮С
ʱգǷʿǰžᣬŴ򣬲ʵ֣Щӵܽرѵ
ˣ̱㷢֣Ȼǵռұ壬˵ǲƴ֣ûпʼǣÿ˴һöԪ󵤣
ҲԿǶͨ˹ڿ˵ĽСƻһ˿ʳˣȻڰŵľչҩ
Ԫ󵤲Ǵ˵е鵤ΪѴϾڣŬһȻ˳ͻƵͨ
Ȼû̽ϳˣСԿԸоԼڶһҩʱ޿̲ԼϢǱĬظıʣʹԼ
̫ˣȻ֮ڣֹޣ
СƲϲһֻĻ֮С
ʶеһЩö֮ԽԽܹ밵ӭȫµˡ
һգһϢɲʦʮʦԪһӵܾסԺӣͭ࣬е˶ټѵ
ֽѻش鵤нԪǱϰղͬһ޷ӦԽĿˣԣһ֮ڣܽͷʮͷȽرѵһ֮ԭΪΣԪ̭ﵽԪߣʸİ顣
ȻҪԪʸܿ飬øߵż˲ЩԾ
ʲôħŵŵɱԪԪʲôһЩСӵܣ飬ŽܵñȽ϶࣬Ҳ֪ӵܵĹء
ڣÿ˸ӽͷţֵˣԼԽͷȥ
ܽͷ˸˸ӵʦ
Сƿһ£ԼӵʦԶԶȿѧͷҪǺϳ˶ɱȹʦҪõöࡣ
չΪʦһĿ̿
ÿգǳԵĶǽرӦ׾ȵǴӴɽȪ֮ˮϰǵռѡϳ̵ǵǱΪĸʦ
ѧ֮⣬ӵܱ£ᱻѰţҲûϵǣȫͶ롣
ƽˣۣн幩Ӧĵҩһҹ֮ܳ׻ָ
СƲ֪Щʳ͵ҩǶĻ˽̸ͬ۹ȴҲµóҲÿʮöʯϡ
ʮöʯʮöҲ˵ЩӦǵĸֱģһ֮ڣҲҪ⼸һЩϳ˵ӵܣܹӵел
ǧˣʮơ
˵֧ȻʲôǿɶǷӵܰзӵܶٸʮҲĲ𣬴һҲԿⰵ֮£ȷǷǳء
ΣôõĻᣬÿȫޣȡһ֮ҩȥ
С˵ԪǧˣҪôҲгǧӵѿ϶ϰֹǱѡˣкͶãǱ̭֣ǾͲҪˡ
˶Щźֱһ˳磬Ҫ˷绯ÿʱŬ
ǣԽ̿Ŭ
ӺܿȥԾˣΪһǧԶڼ֮ʱɱȡ
ƽӹСƣΪʳһöԪ󵤣ʵҲͻͽ˰꣬ɹԼȫϢתΪԪ˳뱧Ԫپʱ䣬׽һ繮ȱ
֮Ĺ澳ҲǴֿɼ
Сʱ˷ʳĵҩҩ֮⣬ƮŵԼ޵ĸΪǳ棬ܹһѶۣͷϳ۷ȴˮɵ飬Ҳ֮ѡ
⴦ɽŵĵطʺľ֮أ治֪嶥סģʲôɶ
һãСƵ㼯ȭ򰾽ǣȻԷֿϰѡ
СһŽһƵƷԪɷͬʱŷףԶԶѰԪֱӹҪǿöࡣ
СʱٴᵽҴ̵ֻҲ֪岻ܽеԴƽӦˣȻǾӢ߻ȡ࣬ӹµ߻ȡ١
Ѫأһ̶ϵĲ
ԹЩûãΨнץסᣬ˳ƶϣܸıԼˡ
ƷҵļȻӵϳ˶ֵʵȥҲ״ɫһҵˡ
ʶЩŵķ羰ٻȥӹµˣ
׺ΪˮʱСƣѾȫȻû˻ȥ˼
ڽɽЩӣȫԽᵽ˹ȥ⣬Ҳصǳ״̬ˡ
졭Ψؾᱲ׷ֻȫ֮Ҫǧ񣬼ҲȫӦǰ
ˣôʲôͨѡ˵û׼ͨԺ󣬾ͻ
СĬĬչԼѾڻͨ˫ɷԪ棬֮󣬰һ
֪Լƽӹ㿿ŬֲҲӵһ̰࣬ʵʵһ
㹦򲻸ˣֻ˲ʱ䣬ˡ
ѧһƷֱҩΪԪʵ˳Ľ
Ҫ֣ҲԺǴƽɫлʤˡ
ʵǷɿȴȶԭƽӹˮƽİμˮ׼ԪǧӵܵУǰʮڡ
СƣСơ
СΣ׼ȥʱ򣬸һͷͻȻ˹ϴһ˿ϲɫ
ͷ£СһЩֵʵ
һ㡣ͷֵ
С֣˿ͷȴǷ֣Ѿżӵˡ
Щˣȫʶġ
׼ȷ˵ӦԪǧӵܵУֽΪġ
е˲˼ݣǻ۹ˣеոǿ˫صĶ֡ȻԼڱУҲǲ͵һɫ
СӹһĨ˼֮ɫ漴뵽ʲôҲʣĬȻͷ
˺󣬹Ȼһ㣬ĽͷҲ߰ӵܹ˻㼯һУСȥ
֮ڽͷɽһƽĿյأȴ֣˵Ⱥˡ
ʦСƵ۾Ȼɴˣ˿̳ǰģһЩϢ嫺޷ȵʿȫ͸ǵΪ
ٿЩʦȴҲȫȻǸ߸֮Եúܵ͵ǹ°ؾ£һڵߡ
ӺݣȻͦ䣬һ˲ηȣСһʱҲ˵ָоʲôȴǲشͷȥҼӡ
ڴˣȻݼȻһ˶ߡ
СƺԪӵܣʱȻɫֻ˵һ£հס
桭
Ȼ桭
ݼ棡
˷׷׵ϥأ˫ָ߹ͷдΰݡΪ˷ӦһԵں֮һϡϡ롣
һʱ֮䣬ЩԸĽܳӵҲǰͬʱҲżֻ֣̿˷ܡ
λǰӼǵӣӵˣҲǵһЦҲؾ񣬶ɡ
л֮վ𣬴žηͲ⣬λֻڴ˵֮вҵ棬һʱ֮䣬Ҳǲ֪˵Щʲôźá
ʱΪӣҵĵλǼߵģѲµ
ΪӵܣѪѾϡ˽ʮ֮ã˼ģҲ֪İͼ֮£ҲŻᷢչѸ٣ŻºһƬҵ
ȻиҶɣΪ˹ףҵ༯һϣҲΪ棬ִƼǸģĪҲӵܣҲΪӢǰݡ
񣬿汾ˡ
ܽͷһԪӵ𣿿ʲôرĿ֮ţΪҽһӵǰֵúͣôЦǵܽͷѯһ
ܽͷϻ̳Ͽ֣æ˼ѡ˼λһ
ʱСƲûڷܽͷĿ֮֮УΪʱСƣȻҲ㣬ڰ֮Уֻŵˡ
Ͼܳġ
СƲû˿٣ĿȣӰš
ԹѯӵǱ㶼һϻ̳Ͽ֣ܳģ･¶һ˿ĽͿȣĵ׷·һڴ󺰣ɷǣҲҪٳӹµˣҲҪΪӢ


860 ˲֮ѡ
õ̽ãԪӵǶ֪ˣԼЩѡִµӵܺӣʿ
СҲͬܵ˹裬ҸӵУЩִҲδеüĻᣬǻֻƽĺӵܣõĻᣬԺɾ죬ضǰ;
Ӳһ֮󣬱ȥˣΪ棬ҲЩ쾳ķӵܽӴ̫࣬ӵȴ쳣˷ܣǰĿڡ
һЩΪ׵Ĳ²⣬˵ѡ֮ٽֱƹܣǰӲһ׼
ѡ֮ٽ
ۺϸϢСҲ֪飬ɼӱŬ
һƣԪ鹦䣬켩̽Щп̵ĶΪӵܣʵûʲôֵ֮Ψڷ̤ʵ
ʱӱŬһһֹȥˡ
һ㡣
СһԪӵܱԽͷǵĴȡ
СһµĶаȻˡ
ʲôôСƸոճ˾ᣬ㿴һʶӵܴһ˳߻۾˯ص첻ȡô
ɸ磬ȡֻڽͷһ֮䣬ǿ߰ɡС޷֤ʵԼеĲ²⣬ȴһǧҪٵˡ
ɸЩΪȻȴǵ˵ͷҴ·ԭֻǳ鿴Ӧ˲ֻ࣬ȥʰ׼ˡ
СƲȻսͷǱ˵˽ȡʱӿε飬ҲûзԴӲ²ִ¿ӵٻϵСƱʱܵĿ顣
оյضȹͻļ飬δζûдî
ҲҴҴұȥˡ
УСƷ֣ѾʮӵȺˣȻǵһҲ٣Լͷ֮󣬱վǰ
ͷСһۣ¶һ˿ֵζǹܿƲͷȥٿ
СһҲû˵ʲôĵصȺ
ټ𴲵îӦֻ˲ʮϢʱ䣬ʱ䣬ӵֻҪ𴲴£ĥһ£ȥˣƽʱ䣬ҲҪʮϢԺ󣬵һϢʱ䣬ӵǲŻ½ȫ롣
ͷҲûڴ˴ҪʲôȴƺЩֻͬ˲ʮϢʱǧ֮Уֻ½ϰˣܽͷǰһӡ
СƿƺһķһĲ˳ܵľ㿪ʼã׾
һ˱㾪ȵط֣ԼѾУϣһ滷ɽŨĻ֮С
ʲôط
ͷǡ
˷׷״󾪡
ʲôǽҪִ¿˵ĵطվˣһȡơƺϵ˵ĳԾܽͷף
ǽִ¿˵ĵطûô죿˷ֲԾһ
ʱ򣬻鵣ǣȹܺԼɣܽͷЦԼûиֻܵĵطˡԼĺ˰ɣСǣ⴦ʮ󿼳ͨһˣɾûǵĺˡ
ܽͷ˵꣬ûˣĽͷʦַƣע
ϡ䣬˷ħŭ𣬴ɽּ䴫˹

Сƴʱ飬νϲǲΰ룬ϲǣΪһʱȻ䵽˾˵ͨһطӵܣѡ밵ִµĻᣬȻ࣬ǵȴǣ⴦طĻΪӣһȦħԳ
νͨҲû˿ѶȣڸղŶ̶̲һ̵ʱһ˱ͻϮʮӵأò˳
СƵ˸ϵĪǣӵֲܼסͻȻǴ֮⣬˸ǽֱʱһȺ˶֪еĿľΪΣָЩʲôͨˡ
˲²Ҫ뿪˵أѰһȦ֣ɽƺһεǣɼֶβµؽƣҲڡ
еĹؼʲôСһ沨Ѱųڣһ߲ס˼š
ЩͷǽǴ˴֮󣬱㶼뿪ˣڴ˹УûиκʾʼʱȴѾȷֻ֪ͨ˵ӵܣܳΪʽİ
СƲ²⣬һйؼĹ֮©
ˣͷƽʱ̡
ͻȻСһЩҪĶæע⣺˵Ҫͨ˵ĻäĿѰǾ޿ܵġ
˵ʲôѵʲô֣˶˹
Сƽزɽ¶ˮһȺ֮ӣҲ˿¶ӣŵصѵûзɽеħƾնƽͷҲ̹Ӧħս龰ѵûʲô
ˣЩħǴжһӵ˵
ҲӦˣֻܱЩżڣȴǷЩߡ
ؼ֮±ħԴߣǸϽѰûʲôŲƷһĴڡ˵
˵ɱɣ㹻ҲܹսӲƴħϮǵ
ڴ˹̣Ȼһսȴǹ򲻸ˣѰһЩ֮
ЩħȻƾճֵģ϶ദطŲƷĺۼ
ȻˣεĿˣҪƻЩϵ̫ãؽΪϳֵħۣȵǲϼԱ֮ʱҪڴȫûˡ
ǻʲôˡ
̶֣ٱ編ơ
ȻԴӻٻһһŲƷ֮Ȼڰ;ˣȴӦˡ
һˣܹнλϳʦԸ˷Ҳ˵һɼǿһ±
Ѹתƣתƽ˹Ŭ˲ûз֣Ǵӽ˵ؿʼеһһڽϵĳطüһõʿڹۿ
ãһԪӵܣȽ׵ȿ˳صˣҲ쿴ƽ֮ŤתƵġεĿȻ򵥣ΪΧԱӦʤˡ
Ǳ죬Ϊ׵ȣ֪λΣϵʿʵʿ
Ϊ棬ԭӦϯֳϣĹУΪ죬ҲֱͳϽһĻԵ֮
ǣҲշּԹʴ¡
ȻǸͳƺá
ӵȽĿ˳ص֮һнĽȣҲ죬ǵıΪ׵ҲǺ
ʵֹⳡˣλӵܿʼѡ֮ʱĲ¼ѵ̵ı֣Լලģν
ʱЩӵܵı֣ҲипԭΪӵܵ࣬Ѿ÷ǳˣ㲻ҰͣҲӦܹھ󲿷Ųǣ¶ǰģƽӹ֮ڲŷ֣ԭһôûеõãֻҪһᣬ׶ң̱ӱ
һ£Խ˼βܰӵǱ֮ھʹ֮±ûʱһرѡҲע⡣
ˣղȿؼڵӵ˭ЩȤʵ
棬ӽСƣԪˡ˵
Сơ룬ȫӡ󣬲΢΢һǰҲû˵֣ƽıֲͻ͸ղŶԣ֮УȴΪ׿Խǲһʱۡ
νʿգĿ࿴ŵĶ壬Ҳɾһʱһв㱻û֮ˡ
ʱ˸׺Լ֮һ̸ۣȻǸ׿øΪ͸ƾټ߸ְӵķܹе˲ŶܹҲܻΪԭ򣬳ƫ
ܶʱ˲Ųǿĳһ׼ܷܲҪ󣬶ǿϤͳ
෴ǲעⷽ棬κʱ̶ƾ𣬹ȻҲѡγ˲ţڴ˹Уɻ츳ӵܣһӹµΪ
ǼʧҲЩӵܵı
СƲ֪Լһʱı֣Ȼע⣬֪Ҳɴ˶ᵽҪٰӵܵͼɴ˶츣ǧǧ־ͶЧ壬ȴΪԭûĺʦ
پ꣬Ҳ˾ŵȷ·ӿֳ಻ĸ֡
СȻɽУӵһͬܶš
ħˣһȴʼղϣӦĳ·ڣǵǱȥ
ʱѾ˾󲿷ֵŲƷ󣬼Ѿȷĳ򣬱Ψһ뿪ɽȵĵط
ļʱ֣ʹƣڱһ±㽫Ťת
Ը֮ǣԸ߰Ҳĳ˵ָ˿̣ȴǺⶼһǰָĳ·֮УԼ˲ٳƤʱ䡣
ҲʹȻ˸֮󣬹Ȼ֣⴦طķͬѰ֮ȻͬʱͷϢǿľء
ұսƾڶ࣬ٸʮ˵Ĵۣ㽫֮ˡ
ڴʱͻȻһɹյĲʱгڸӵ棬Ȼ󣬹âһ˱һİڡ
˴ط߸ߵʯΧɵȵأ̧ͷȥʱԼһһݽȥʯҳڱϣ˹ھ¡
һֱͨԶϡԼ֮У巺һ˿߲ʵĺ⣬ʥ
ʲôط
ŨҵԪȻԼת
˶ʱޱȣΪǷ֣Դӽ˴˴طϵԪǲܿƵת֮ȥʯй֮
ÿһ֮䣬ȫ£ĵرɵҩ֭֮Уȫ£ʮǧëףգҩ
ֱǴ˵еɼҸء
ʦĶСղѾͷʱ޹ֵõ͵
пʯ֮УͻȻµķ֡
ȡ
СƸһĿ֣ȴǾȵط֣һƪصʱģǴ˼䱾ΪԴڣ潫跨󣬽Ϊӵܵء
ʯ֮ϵһңΪ֮ԷֳɲͬƷ
ڸʯҼ䣬ԿͨӦεĲؾظ󣬲ĸֹ
ǡǺͨѡˣЩ֪ˣŻȻ򣬾ϲޱȡ
µΣ񲻱ζѾͨ˰ѡΣлõͨӵ޷еˣ
ǵһӵܣűûеȥѡһҰɡǱ̫磬Ϊִ£ֻŶѣڶֻΧִ£ǳɲ죬һҲִֻ򵥵Ļ񡣡
˲²⣬ϲĪʱͻȻһЦӺ󷽴˹
˻ͷȥȴԼĽͷѵȺ棬Ц⣬ǵĹء
һŸʲôȵõңȻǽȵǰ
ӦˣɻһŹȵԵʯȥ


861 ֮
СҲӵһ㣬żϲʯݣ֣еĸʯңһģþɵķ󣬽ɽеӲγһ龮ӵǽУԷǳʹеʯҵΧƺнķʹ֮ѭϢ
СƲ̾һõ󣬲ɢʧ֮䣬װ˷ѡ
߽ȥһ£Ȼ֣ޱȣȷ滹Ҫ⣬ԪҲԽĻԾ
СһָоԼѾȱΪָһˣƺʱпܽ澳Ĵ
ⲻǴڵԪҪﵽƿˡ
Сһæʰ飬еȫȫ⿪ʼ
ȻѣҲƲϣһ㣬ȴӵԶԶģǾľΪƽͣԿصҲǿܹܿ붨״̬
Уÿꡣ£
СƵ˽ʯ֮½ӵǰϴ˻ǱǶڴԹ֮ʱͨģҼʱǻѡʸ
ڸӵܣǱ̭ˣûгڴ˵ء
Сһ붨Ŵ£ȫ뵽Լ̿״̬УΪǳĸأǰһΣҲܵԺԳ˵ôһλᣬ˾Ͳˣ˳ʱúһбʲô
λӵܱԲͬһδεĻУС
ʱܿٹȥһ£СƵͻȻӵ뿪ɽȣصӪص֪ͨ
ףС֣ΪѾﵽع澳ˣӵܿСƣ⾪ؽһ
СƴʱϢ纣ȷѾﵽ豹棬ӽľأȴһ𣬿̿ŬĽ
ԭʳԪ󵤣־һҩ͵Ũ֮ؿֻ̿Ҫʲ̫
ֻСһֱƽӹУԵ޶һЩ˶ͻͽеȲѡ
֣㲻Ҳﵽ˹澳СЦ
֮⣬ӵܶѾﵽˣǧǧλʦУѾǶ
ɵƲƲ죬ȴƣΪ۸ԣԶʤˣͬǧУҲǰʮλģڴ˿ȴ֣ȻСӹŵļ
һ֮ȽҪ뿪˵أصǰѵӪȥʱаȷӪִƲʹͷ˽һ
ͷǲٽˣ˿ԣæʵ
˵ĽͷһЦǱʿͳ죬ǵĽͷʶҲһԵ֣ԵѾȴǸøλˣʹ˱
˻ȻԭЩ˱Ǵ˵еļʿͳ졣
СƵԻصᣬȴ֣ڴ˵صĵǣѾֻʣ²һˣͬסһ֮õͬ飬Ѿ
СҲûзʶɸˣ²ǵȥͻȻ˵Ƕǲԭһǰ㱻ˣ
𣿡
΢ȣŷ֣̭ȻŰٶˡ
ҿǴ˷ѡΣȫȻ󿼺˲žģǴ֮ǰѵѾʼǵ֮ʱȷµͽعȣȴһ棬ɼ˵ı׼һ
ڿʼֻʣˣ֪᲻̭ѡ֪Ժ˽Щ˻᲻ᱻ̭ӽԺ󣬶Ҫһֱֿ޲ꡣ¡СҲͬ˵Ĳ²⣬ɶԼľ
ܵ˼밵ĺôԽԽ뿪ˡһԼҲǻһľ

ףڰִѾȷһΪһǧˣÿǧΪһÿ趼ͳһˣͳˣÿǧΪһͳһˣÿΪһÿʮΪһӣÿΪһСӣְһˡ
ѡִߣΪӦع澳쾳ϣΪӳϹӦΪʿͣԹѫۡ
ع޽רǱ޵®ᣬѾࡣ
һգǰ㱨ѡ
ԣִ²ӦٸӰ죬Թͷִ²ʹƽѵߵ͡
̾ǰһڼҰͣŷΪǿʢ֮ǲڴ˷Ͷ룬ǵ˲Լӱ֪жӵܻᱻװû
Ȼһ䣬ΪЩӵܣǧ⣬ƽÿλӵܻѾŰ񣬵ԣҲȫȻûЧ
ؼ֮Ҫ׼ѡ˲ŵĹؼ
һĸ룿ʵ
æڿ
ΪֿˣЩԵ̳ӵܣܶ㣬ܶڼ壬޶Ͷģֻһ㣬ԼŬܶųͣϵҵĸҲᱡֻ࣬ʣ϶ѡ
£ûвͶ飬ܽӵǵͶЧزٵĸ㵱֪ӦýƿУԳһ塣
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ЩҪĻѣҳɵ۸嶼йŷ磬ԴӵȻǶмӣͨӵȴӣȻյĵرޣ޷ӦԵʣһ棬ҲΪάֲʹüҵ̡
ɵðͬ
ʵĸ壬ѪǷǳķӵܣͶǳϡ٣񣬱һƽӹϵʦãҲܽأвСĻԲǲͶ롣
Ϊһӵףһȴһڼˣͨ壬Ҳ׵ġ
һ棬һ壬涼ڻ񣬸вҩģ鱦򵽵ģԪ֮ıɽعء
ӦһСȺ˲⣬ҪһͬʣȫӦˣЩӵֹˣ
ڶӵܽ˺ϳˣԲ֮ڱޣؾҲҪ֮ȱһ˻һǧԲܽõ
һˣѱʮϡ
ɴ˶һӵܴӺ죬˳ҲҪȥǧ
⻹꣬ĴͷŽֻǿʼѣΪʿȫȻҪһȫӵв˼һգ죬ٺöԪά裬Ҳÿ¹ڵ֧壬Ʋӡ
ʮ֮һֻʮǿҲζţʮӵϵĻѴˮƯ
У췲˻ãֻʿѡ
ȻʿҲԻؽѰ̽أչǸ˶ı֣һʿϰûͨһķӵսҲҪʮʱ䣬ţҲҪ꣬ЩҪʱ䣬ʱ޷֮ˡ
Щǿʿѳϳ˸֣ԼҵİɲȺ췲˴١
ȥ洳Ҫ˵׬ضҰװѣпܵ³
ԣ仨ԩǮÿ껨ʮƸ֣ƴ龳ˡ
һ龳ֵãֹǳǧǿ˿ɱȣ
˵ͬͶ룬ʿγ
ô꣬Լ״Ҳ˽⼫ȻԵʡ
һЩ췲ӵܿǳģһʿµٺ㹻췲ʮ꣬׸ıˣǲϹӦʵϵԭǣһӵܵ飬԰ǧڼƣȻܴ󷽵
濴嶼ڹſͣŻ֮ʵӵһѾ³ˣ֮Ϊţ֮Ϊ壬֮ͬǼܹŹſͶţ˵ܹſͶãȴǾܡ
ʿ֮ȻʵĲţʿϾֻʿҲȡʿʴˣǵĸվԼҵӵܡ
ΪҲף鰵ʩһ;еΪѣڵĲʣҲǼĸ͵٣ӵһϽ·;Ҳ¸ķԣֻҪ̹ƽЩ̭ӵҲ޻˵
ѡĳֻҪӵܸҪ֧ķҲ٣Ϊʿͼ廤ͬʶ취ٿ󣬻ߴطѰԴ֧Źȥˡ
ȵЩִ¿ʼܹһ֮ʱǱ㽫ӭĻر
һϯ񼾡ȥԼμ֮Ҳһȷָ
ӳԶ˲ţȫڼڼ˲ţȷʵֵΪĿ꣬ڼһЩҲҧˡ
Ȼһ£ʵףʲôʱЩӵܽ׷ӡֲ룿
ǵã֮ؽҪ׷ӡͬʿӵֳ˵ֶͨΣʵޡ
ԽԽãһȷѡʹ֡һʱû׼ã
ģһֱԶ£ѾöƣԹӦеһΪʿӵܡ
ħֻ࣬ûҵȡ֮֮ǰֻܾϣˡ
Ȼ⼸䣬Ҳз׷طؾӵջأһشΪҲмӰ죬ԣǵȵ֮ٽС
һΪ׷ӡƼ䲻ףһ棬ҲпԴʶӹŽ죬׷Դԭ
ر뻹Ҫͷ֮ȷȨţȹӦеĸ졣
ڽܹĳѡѵʱȥ˷λ龳ʿҲڵؼʱ̡
һ˳˴ŻȴǸ֪ˣѾɷ֮ǰ׼˵һҪؽУʱ޷ȡˡ
Ĺ̿գһѮһ£λͬ
ǣһнּǡ
˼һȷָˣҪй಻Ҫľٶע⡣
֮⣬ҲͻһЩڷ鱨һ£ȴǷ֣ǵ֮Ǳ͵ع˴꣬𲻶ϼ꣬
ǿŷЧҵطҲҪǿһ׼֮ǰԲɸֻ֣һ֮ңĳɹ飬ƹ㡣
ĬȻӵͻϢȴķ֮ǰ׼ʱ
ǧ㣬Ҳֻ뵽ҪķͷбܣȴûϵҪ˴̽ģǴǰ׼̡
ˣҲŵĲܣԼݹŷо֮׷ӡǳɹһװӵɺ췲һֱൽط
طɿɿֻ˼ˡ


862 ﱸ
з֮һֱԼҵĶҲ˲ݴĳɹ
֮УطضܹȷʵԼҺõΪȴԱļԣӲᱻƺԼҡ
ˣط֮ǰȿǵıǼΪƣֻ֮кԼѪĺܼ׷ӡʹ֮Ч
Щ׷ӡطҲӴﴫȥ
ҵǣѡ֮󣬿ֲ׷׷̺̼֮֮Ϊ׷ӡҲڴ˹УѪ֮УΪһ塣
Щӵ׷ӡᣬԭΪһ˼̳Уǲ죬ͨط
׷ӡƽʿУؼʱ̣ƾ˷ɷ˵ʤɷɾݴṩֻҪռź죬㽫һֱڡ
ڶױ֮ף̺Ų˼ܣ¸ǧɽˮҲܹͬˣԷѰ׷޷󼰵á
ѰսʿڷЩȴ̺־ò𣬷ܽʿΪЩ̺Ѫǣпܴ򵽶һƿ׷ӡ
ܣһطҲսΪѪ֮еʱٳ֣Ҳ¡
ΪԼ̾͵ĵ·
ڣɷһֱɾĵ;ûȫͨҲعĵȺ
ºæµڴ齨֮£ӵѾɹˣ̤ϻس̡
ǻص󣬵һʱȥȻְķԸǰ
ݼ档ӵɫּǴ̤񣬳żмԶԶû˽ӽҪ˵
ڶѾܷˣˡˣ˵
æϤ֮ҵȱ֡
΢΢ͷԸܵӵڣɢһɺе֮Ϣһ˿衣
ŵķ֮Ȼ򵥣ǽǰҿ˵
ӵӦǰվ
Ҳ˵ĬȻֳһʶͶ뵽ǵڣϸĲ쿴ɱ
һԿţɫû˿仯ȴҲЩģˣǼмΪܳ˵徫Ӣ֮ߣҲǵһ׿Խ˲ţ䱻ʩ֣ضʤҪְأǵ࣬Ҳһ
ð֮踣һط䶯ֽţҲֻʹáϺ֮λҪܹһӵܵҪְأֻȨô򵥣Ρ
ôס֮ɫ΢䣬ĬĬر۾һɵ
̫ˣ¹ѡֺαļѵһȴҲûڶ˵ŵȷûеǵֽѲԲ޷ֻĿܣʿһ㻯ǧض䡣
棬һ㣬ҵȽصʱѾ˵ˣ˵Ϊǿ֮ʣǵ񣬲Ƚٵĵʿһ㣬ҲΪ񣬶Ǿʹˡеһ˵
ǵʵӦõȴΪԣԶѰʿͣվĵǡڽһ顣
Ըæ˵
Ϊҵһˣżƻһ֮󣬵еڶȻǵΪ˿·ΪͨгɣұΪϡ
淨ּҵˡ˵
ãǱס°ɣҽѾãԦ֮Сĵãᴫڸǡ˵
ԣɽǴϲ
ԵĲ˵гʿ֮⣬ЩԶԶ޷ģԽ̵ֻֻƬҲֹȥޡ

ˣȻǴһõ˼ȾĽ̵Щ½˵ӵܣֿ˳˽˵֮ΪƵı仯׼ͬʱ£ЩעҪڼдʵǣġ
Ϊ֮ǰѾһˣˣҲһ֪ӵסعȣǽ̲˼ֶ֮˽⡣
֣ԼɹʵشĹżȡķ֮;ͬ飬ͨĳǿԪڣͳȱ
ŵķ֮ͬǣԼط֮ͨܣһ棬øΪףΪԼãϢϢصľͫȡ׵֮׵Ķס
ͳ֣ԸߣԪﵽг˵ĵز
Ľ߶Աһ֮󣬾ȡ̣̽ͨܡ
ʵ˷Ҳԣͨӵܵ׷ӡܹһ棬ŵķ֮Ҳǲضá
춦оݴй¼һĵ̣㹻ΨһȱǼѣˣڴΪء
һ棬һǧִѾʼפڹ⣬عȣֹⴳ룬ҲǽٽعȵŨ
ȻЩӵܣ󲿷ֶؾֻǧˣҲάְԱ
ĹУЩΪ׾ϤĽɼƿأһ֧ʿ֮⣬ΪҪ
СƴʱҲѾʽ밵ִУ֮ǰѵ˹е֣ѡΪһСӵĶ
Ϊ
֪Լһ밵㱻ְλСƲҲЩȻ
ִ޹ѫƽձֶ£Ӧõģְ֮СȴҲҪˣƽʱѵִ£Ҫġ
ˣлͳˡСֻûش
ִ³Щѡеķӵ⣬ͳ죬ͳѾλ
СʱͻȻһȤǱǣ֮УռϣգҲȫĸϵһйͬѪ
뵽ĳԣСƲ̾Ͷ·ⰵ»Ǽ׾Ժеǻӽ
ݣõĻᣬΪ֣練ƣ
żֶδǰ̵ĸСƿʼͶ뵽Լִ֮Уڴʱ֪Լ˵ִһַţ˶ᡣ
һжɵؽ֮С
СƲ֪ڴʱڲľڣۿģһʵְӵѡ
ȡˣ඼ԭɽ¶ˮӵܳͷѵǸӹ֮ţ
Ŀھϣ۽ǲ¶һ˿˼ɫ
Сƺһѡִµӵ֪ܶǣԴ̤壬ʳԪ󵤣ܽͷѵһֱ֣ϵʿ¼ڰһһӲʶĸӦ
ڰִµѡϣҲûвȡѡ֮ӵ໥գȡʤ߳ͷѪۡ
һϣȡķԸѴ󲿷Ϊӵܼһͬʱѵڴ˹̣ԣУƽʱı֣˲š
㷢֣һЩԼ֮ʱõţһƽӹһЩδע⵽ģð⣬ʵĿ֮Ľྶͥ
ǰĿʧƫˡ
аƽԼʩʧȴԽ˸ҪԼôԭ
ΪҲƽӹԶӵܵҪЩӵܹסһޣͷĿˣֶͨضǳ̤ʵӣи֮ˡ
ִһĿˣû֪ͨˣƽһټģ㰲ѶȽϵ͵Ŀ˳أóٵģƽձȡʸ񣬻÷ڸѶȵĵط
ЩΪ˿ӵԣͨչ鶼ȡġ
ĬĬػһĹעĿ֮ȻʣھϵһЩϹЩ󣬴ĶصҲѱʵְ
ִͬ»ִͨʱѾΪΪ죬ְ
ʼһϣĿȻһ¡
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ӵܣЩӡ󣬵ȻʼʱΪδעӣȴû뵽ӱҲɴ˶Ȥ
ⷭһСƵֳһ˿΢Цӳƽӹ棬ܹͷҲ֤˸Բ顣
СƽӹӵܶܳͷҲӵӵǱ˵ľΪṩӵܵľ飬νǻΪ档
ֱ㽫СƵһߣһߣΪأƼ׵ġ
֮عȼ㱨齨ˣԼصöȡ
ʱѾԶһ棬֮Զ֮⣬ҲûбҪ»㱨
ˣֻǺһ֮ȴǲʡ
ĩˣ׼õᣬףҪҼǱӵܣֲ׷ӡѡһѡܹˣĿ
ӹᣬϸϸؿ
ЩӵܣȻֻǺ췲ˣҪֲ׷ӡǱѡǱ㼫пܳΪʿڽɾ񣬳ΪзˣʵҪһ
ˣüϸЩӵƽյı֣֣ԵȤã¼Թ
ÿһˣб˶ۣۣѾһѡҲĿࡣ
ǣʾ⣺ܺãͰϵѡֲɡвֻﵽع澳ӦشǾԲܹʤΡ
ˣ븸׷ģͬʱӦ˵֮ѷַıʱãȵߣȴǲ⣬һ֮ڣұܰ״£Ȼ֮ڣǱضԴﵽԲɡʮ˵
֮ǳõıģƽʱҲǸԼڻʢ֮ӺȼҴɻ˲ٵĿ棬Ӧӵ衣
ڹʱҲɵϵҷ壬Žؾʿٺ»ͳһ䡣
ţԼעȱɡ
˵Ҳÿɷ
ģڴ֮нöֻߣһЩЩֻ΢С¡
ֶΣһ췲ӵܣֻҪģվܳ
ҲֹԲɶѣ֮һıﲹﵽһ״̬Ƿܹɾؾ㿴ؼʱ̵һˡ
Щ˿ͻƿЩ޷ͻơ
յĿģ׷ӡã㿴׷ӡǷڰӵܴӺ죬ܹ쵽ΪӵܵĽͨһׯ
ܹ֮Чҿƹ㿪ݼǧ֮˵ķţصģִǷܹΪһ֧Ҳܷˡ


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䣬ڷ쳣ڰӵԶԶںͷΪ˵һ׷ӡֲںϵˡ
Ϊǿᣬʹ׷ӡ֮ʱʹ಻вķӦֻϤĴڣܹ֮ΪãܹЩʹ࣬תΪȫĺô
λӵܱԲһ׷ӡͽ̶ܳҲͬС֪ԼرĲܣˣץסεĻᣬ㣬ȴõΪĻر
һͬӵУִУʵҲΪѸ١
̶֮ڣСƵʵԭĺع澳ΪԲɣ񣬸Ǵﵽ˽ؾż
Щִͳ췢ְִ֮ͣأعȽڵ񣬱ȫ죬Ϊ׷ӡΪ֮ˡ
СƲ֪ĽֻһͨʿǹϵҴ˲ţʵҪ¼ͳǣϱҲ֪¶Լײڣһʱ֪
һΣҲˡ
ԼҲǷ˳ģ֪ļѣõչˣԹۺЧ
ףСƣǸʵӣȻƽӹһЩܼԵ̣ضҲǸ֮ġԹȥСһĻǷǰҲ˼䡣
ܹ죬ִͳְ֮˵
һε¼ҲúõزһСƵӶ֪Ĺ¼֮У˼ֵĺøС
Ҳ㿴СƵӵܣܽԼ׷ӡӵεȵĳ̶ȡ

عȵڶ㣬רӵԪãȥɡ
ڿعȵʿĴ£Сعȵ
Ըо⴦طŨ˼֡
ɽͳ䣬ȻǴֱʡ
ܣСƲͷ
عȽأвټ嶼ʹõַ޶ȵؽռԵ䣬ȻãһҲӵǲõʱ򣬹رعиҵķţ½Ҫʱá
һôǣͬΪӵܣҪõһΪߴﵽƿ֮ˣҪŨҲ÷ͳ
ĵط°빦ȥɢһĵ֮ࡣ
СҲ֪ԼѾǰִ£мṩֱûлĸأˣһ֮󣬱㰴һǰľ飬Լִ龮ķš
ǡ
ڼִµעĿУңһʯţͬʱ⸡֣һ˿ĺ⣬˷
Ҫ죬ͬһ㣬ˣյأû㲻
ʱС͵ŲƷṩʳöȣҲмɳʿر˵ǰȫǡ
Сƹʯֱ֮ڵ̵ضʹ˹

ؾ֮ǰо磬СλʵԲɸ֣ѾָˣΪЩʿһ㣬طǿǱΪۣӿġ
䣬ȻѸ٣ȴѵȫԼʵ︨ҲǱ
Ϊ׵һзţճһƬͨ͸֮֮
ѪԪΪ
ؾĽ֮ڸ嶼ܣӵǱӵܣһۣСͬʱ·ıⷽ棬ȻҲ˽⼫
̤֮ǰеʿͬʱҲʱִͳ˾ȥԴӦĹ뷨ţҸԼǰ֮ʱĵᡣ
Щǵɢ޺СӵܿԱģλͨƽӹϵӵܣҲһϵһĴ
С˹̱֮оһǿӿѪᵽü֮ϸʶϵԪͣ
С̱ܵһ˾һĻ֮УֻʶجлһеΪһɡ
л㱣֪ԡ
֪˶ãСͻȻоЩԾ
ôûȫ
ʹҵͷʹ
ɫ筺죬ͻȻ֮䣬Ѫӱǿ׺˳
ǿѪӿҪϵһ壬ܹɹĻȻɺԪתΪ취취棬̱ԴʶС
ǲɹǿӣսĳ֡
ĺҲѰ֮˽ؾΣڡ
СһİͰΪǳԼޣܹ֮ԲȫĹԼĿ̿࣬ǣⲢţЩŬȡš
ʣ·һ͸ԣƽӹ֮ȱġ
ʣ£ģֻǰ˵ľ̸֮ˡ
ʱСȴͻȻ֣ͳ콻Լ־̸֮ƺҲ£ͳ˵һɹĵطԼȴ粡򿸶֮ѣƽԲްԪʱҲƺ˳صǦ
ǿӿԺͣѡ
ˣվ֪ѣΪлͻƿû뵽µͷͷ
Сһɲǣʱ㶼ˡ
ؾȷʲô˶ġ
˻ԹˣһӱڸղŰΰѼĻ֮壬ˮһ㣬գ֮ɹЩƾޱԽʣȻȻתΪ˳ɹ֮󣬶ǷǳԼ
ˣһ֣ͬš
ʱСȴ֣ԼվȱһʣûԽ
СƲǲ֮ˣʱȴҲ̲סùģڽؾȻؼǲģˣҲԼɢȥ£֮ڣһγԡ
ĬĬչһεʧܡ

ŵգСƼԽ죬ȴһδʧܡ
ޱȽӽıԵֱ˿̣֪̤һжôѡ
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ҵʣվǲడƽʱֳʱȴչ¶š
СưЦ
ʱмΪ˶ʤ죬ֻҪ㹻Ŭʼնл̤ϳ˾磬ֱԸԳ֮ȴַ֣ƽӹ谭
䣬ƽӹһ޷ɹҲϼѱһ׿ԽǣõʣȷܹȡŬƽ±룬ϼ֮ˣȴ°빦
СҲţٸԼĵرȡ޹ӦҲвСĻԸԳȻͬͶʩӵϣͶԼҪö࣬ԼҲʲôеĳ޷һС
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Сư
Ѿʮ꣬Ƿ״̬ѵʱ̣ǻлٴγԡ
ŴʧܣԼһʱȷսΪѡ
Ϊ˲Ӱ쵽ǱСƲûдɣҷ
ǣ򿪹رһʱʯţ˳
عУʿȻھְأعͨСƳĬŲƣöȣ뿪عȡ
ոڵʱȴһʿ׷˳Сƣ
λǰڽ𣿡СЩʵʶˡ
㣬˭ôչʮգûгɹʿ׷ʵ
ǰСЩ޿κελʿĺĺС˼ȫȻ棬¶ûˡ
ʿĲͷ΢΢һЦȱ뿪ٳһʱ˵׷ӡĸӦô㴫ǣȻѾ쾳ıԵһҲδɡ
С΢Щؿʿ
Ҳɣ˲ģΪǴعгʿضҲ֮ˡ
Щ벻ףΪʲôԼЩ
У׷ӡĸô£
ʿɻ󣬽͵رΪЩӵ׼ģǸоؾ֮ʱŴʧܣΪľ飬Ҳץסǻɲʱܸⷨıһ״
׷ӡӵϵһʶӡǣ澡̺ĻƵķӵܹ̲ŵܣ˵Ϊ档
ϾҲܣԽЩӡ׷ӡ֮Уӵܲ򣬵ȴѱܹȫ͸ԣɴ໯һɶз׷̲صٽӵǵĸ
Ҳ˵ǣ䣬Լ׷ӡطһơ
ãұٳһСƽʿݹķһöڼعϣƺɢٴǰҽгԡ
ˣǰѴСͻȻ뵽һ£ĿⲻЩعȲʲôӵܶģٴ˿̣Ϊûʸ
նȻȥԣѵû׼öƣعгͨ裬ñãڰеĲʹҲûлȥȻṴʿĹǣЦ˵
ȡһöµƣСơ
СƲ΢漴ҲһЦҶˣлǰˣδǰմ
΢ֵֻʿѣⷨ˵Ҫתġʿ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬˵
˵ҪҵģС⻰ǳһû뵽ԼĴڣȻܹע⣬ֱ˼顣
ҵӵܣֹǧѪֻʾ߲ʤôԼܵע
СƵ飬ʱ
룬ǽ⾪˵Ϣʱѹȥʿһعȵķȥ
ڴ˿̣ûж룬Ȼʿû⣬ӦǼˣ㲻Ầ
˿һĶǽ죬ᣬҲٴγһ
С½ңٶȵϢһΣû̽гԣʿĽ飬Ĳ׷ӡط
һΣһʱȥһУСƶǰδĸ֮У֣ƺһרΪԼӵ֮ܶⷨʱڵһӦ
׷ӡʼѪ֮С
֪ùȥͻȻ֮䣬һ˿׵׹СֳһĻͻʹҡ
¡
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ǡ
Сϸֳһ˿Ʋסϲ⣬͵۾
һΣȻɹˡ


864 ͼΰҵϣ
ڳɹˡ
СƳɹؾʱع֮УһֱעҲɵ΢̾һ漴ȴǽ¶Цգ¶һ˿ϲ֮⡣
ǰڳɹˡ棬ӵҲм˵Ȼܹô׷ӡߣмʿ˵
ûй
ЩʿǴӼоѡǱӵܣͬʱԽ̵
֮ǰɳȥѷСƵʿ֮еһλ
̸ϺЩӵԴֺõĸͣȴ΢΢һЦȥһȻ
ǣ档
ô˵ʱµλСƵСӣʮа˾ҲҪΪԼһĽˣɵҲ˼Ȥ
ʱСƣոյԽؾûüúϤڶʿǰԼټ֮¡
֮󣬲ɵ漴ȴʿͻȻͷԼıС
ԣһ죬ڶ죬룬ڽ̵Ĵ֮£ڵع
һ˹ٳƽأѲԪƾ춦ظӦˣûռбԴ޽ĵطҲɽԴ֮ڣһˮΪͨĵط
˿յ״¥֮⣬ԵģǷ·ׯ԰һͨӵܾסľᡣ
Сƽ˴ʿûжܣǾֱڣͨܿ죬õԸ¥ϵٻСƽ档
棬ȥɡ
¥һֻ㣬ʿ˵ڶ֮󣬱ֹˡ
Сһһ˿Īļ̤¥ݡ
Կ֦ɢҶҲļһ㣬Լҵ棬и蹦̵֮٣ΪӵܶԼĻ;⣬άּ
򱳣Īǡ
Ȼ곤֪֮бп͹Ĵ֮񷨣壬ЩȴʵʵڵģСƲ֪ͬ޷һ㣬浱oݣη֮飬ȴ˿
׿ݲֻۣڵݣҲСĻ
ֱ˿̣Իڹ֪ô֪Լ֣Ҫټ
ȻؾȷһɷɵżǣҽؾӵܳɰǧҲҲܹõĵټ
Ų²˼Сƺܿ˸¥ϣһ޻ķС
һӵӰӳС
Ӱһ£ΣһȻ¶Сжʱ֪λԼˣæ˫ϥڵأͷݣСưݼ棬Ըɸ޽
жϥлƽΪ½ʿСȻݱˣ棬ҲֻһҾѣҲǱ˿ɱȣԼҵ棬Ҳһݡ
΢΢ͷ¶飺ãСƣɡ
л档С˳
Сƣ½ؾоΣ˿̣λͨӵֳܱ˲ͬһӵܵĹذ֮飬һҲС崺磬ɸжصлģҽҽ죬ѾܹԲ
ãҪӵܡ˵ȻѾؾҲֻǵ;Ŀʼܽ꣬ӱŬ
˵һĻ
СȻӦǣΥ
лЩԺԼй˵ôһ̸δ̫޻
СôʱͻȻ֮ʱ׷ӡطʲôܣ
Сһԭܹ֮죬Ƕذ
֣ΪʲôԼŴʧܣʱɱʿǰ͸ԼԼտ׷ӡȻƾӡһͻƳɹ
ţϴСƲʱ֮ʣҲǻ֮δرĸܣȫƺܵ׷ӡǣԶת
Լ̵һЩϸڣʵʵؽ˳
Ȼ֪ζʿĽ˸ȤҲ֪ԼܵעԭҲи
СƵĽʱʱһһСʱ֪Сȥʿʱ˿׷ӡطӶõԮ֮£ЦԵô˵ԭ㲢ܽɹܹ߷ֹ׷ӡ
СƲԣˡ
ˡʱգڹޣһ˰Ӱ֮£ǣǱߡڴڼ䣬ҲһҪ񽻸ȥ죬Ľ
С΢棬ʲô񣿡
˵򵥣ȴҲмѴܺķʱ;Ǳǽνȫףƾ飬һƲٿ׷ӡ֮˵
С¶ȵɫмɻ
̾һ㲢֪˸ķԵΪ޵ľ̸֮ʵ̫ʺϺ췲ܹ֮֮ɹȴҷֳһڼԦǿԵʣԺӵҪ죬ֹǧѵÿһ˽Ҷֳ֣Ȼܣˣ޸ͨ׶ܹ֮Ч֮Щµӵͷϡ
ԭҽ֮ʱ԰Сƾȵ
ڲ֪治˴˷ԲУֲ˳쳣û֮ǰɬ͡
Եʿ֮˽⣬ԼԷļԦԼԪΪȷ׾٣Ҳԣһӵףǧӵܣȴܡ
ӳԶκܹƶ֮ķţ֮ȡģҪӵҲܽ׷ӡɹ죬Ҫúһ
Сһм֪֮һҲд˾ٶԼΪԵģСƶУ߾ܣ񡣡
ܺáص˵ͷ۲СһʱգѾ֪ӳȣʵϸɣʺֵ͵޻֮¡
ڵѧʶΪԶԿɣ뾭䣬̸ܹӵܽϷţӦĹżǰ˵ľԲοһ˽Щ㿪ţҪԿʱȡĵã⣬׷ӡҲᾡ㡣
޷һһϦ֮Сܹʤδ֮ǰҲҪϰĿѧϰ
˵ͨ򾭣ټʶ㣬ǲٵġ
СȴǴϲ
СơСû
ܹίʹԣҲǸѵõĽ֮;
˵ĵ͵ֻҪԼУҪûгͷ֮գ

һ£СδڵְأԼҲʼӴ顣
ʱСƲ֪޵ĸ湦طż䣬ֱ̺಻ʤ
һ±Щ伮ĺ֮У缢ƿʵؿ̿
˹עСƵܿȥ֮󣬲ҲǸе⡣
֮ԲѡЩǸ߾ʴӱӵΣǲţԼиõų֣ٸŶãûһʱʵѧϰͻۣܱóԼҪĹ
ңŶϲݾķţҲΪͶȡ֮ʺƽӹӵܿޡ
Ҫģӹ顣
СǸʵӣϳУ꣬ľɵ񣬳ҲгɹֻҪгɹˣŵҲǰҵʱѡ
ǻݼǧĴҵȰ꣬кξ壿
ߣӵȫƾԼĸŵԽ׷ӡĺôܷûСӵ̣ԣӣñĺô
ˣ½С֮ٴӺӵѡһЩпóƿ׷ӡ֮ӵܣͬǼԲ
ˣѾֱ׷ӡĲٿ֮;ֱУֻ˽̱תΪʵ֮
Ŷܳɹɨƽ죬ϰƿһƣң̱ܰԭеʣȥһ㣬ռɽ壬ٳһ
֮ΪţΪƿɽɼҸأ˴ʿַӵܵ;׳֮ΪƿظħɺңһͳĴ֡
ʱ̣ҲܰƵķţŲ𽥲ʳƣȡ֮Ҳûпܡ
·ɸӵ֮ٴνӼȡʱ״¶Լеͼ
ԭҪҵͼı£ɰľ
ȷһͨϵλׯҲôͨġ
һҵ൱һɣب֮УƱռӦеĶ죬ԴԲ򵥱
Ѿһܹ֧ŵļҵƩţĸûгɰǧĵ뢣ס
ҵĵλҲһ㣬ֻǸӵо棬ưһĵطǿѣͳȺ׻зǳңԶľ롣
⵹ҪúıˣıΪҵڿʼʵҲΪ
˵ò飬δ֮ɣǺܹƾµĻҵɱ䣬Ը㡣ȻˣЩɷ֣֮磬ջҪǿΪ𡣡
ֻԻΪڻֻСǿǱЩ֮˵죬ΪȻЩ뢣Ҳļҵ𡣡
²ܣ亦ĵȻҲף˵ȻأǵʾúýץһС
ӵѡҲѡɿ֮ˣڹؼϣǲȡķʽ̽ˣҲֻΪоһЩѰط뵽
ǣס
Ľ̻壬ȫģֻصӣ޾ϸġ
˷ȷӵǷֱط֮ͨ·͵񣬺ȻѾ˷չƿɽɻã
ΪдһʣַⲻɣȫӦδǧ裬ȱԷӵܣ廹˹ĵز
ϵ۹⿴ˣԹȥʿ壬Ѫͳۣ˳֣ӵܶϽ֮;ضѰĳ·ǲץⷽ棬пܻᱻȥ
⻰ɵôüͷ
ᵽģȷһܣŵķ֮ѱЩϽ˼ʿ֣ЩǸ屻޶ֵò⣬ӵǻпƫһ
ȻҲ˵ӵ棬Լļ壬ƽִµ֮ҵΪΣĹıȡΪ٣ӿһջ
浽ʱűǿӰ죬˳£侫Ӣ˲š
ӵǹ֮󣬶Ϊ͢٣ȻȨӺգȴѲǶһĺǿеȨҫڳ͢
һǱĬĸı䣬ҲƺǸΪɵġ


865 ͼΰҵ£
ʱۣܿӹȥˡ
ʱңı仯ǣ֮⣬ٶλ棬λ棬ǵ뷷⣬ӶΪӵܡ
ӣһٶʮʱĿ飬ٿ飬ᲹΪѡѡ档
ǵı֣棬档
֮⣬ִУһӵҲӿ֣Ϊһٶʱṩ˴ĵرǣʲ̫ģõ
һӵܣܹˣȻ࣬ȴǰϧǱʿʿಢͬ
ˣҲӦҪȫں׷ӡ뵽зµؾ֮С
ֵһǣ䣬˵ڶκ͵εİִѡΣЩӵܵУרѡһϼѵӵܣٶֲ׷ӡ
Щûгɹӵܣ඼ŮɼҵʿĸĸҲûйǵһࡣ
Щѵʮ޹ǣҼ磬ҪصģҲǲԭ

ɹˣڳɹˣ
һ죬عСһ֮УͻȻĪĻ
С飬쳤Хϲ֮顣
ʲôɹˣҵͳ죬ڷʲô裿һӵ׳СƵĻ͵س鿴֣Сƴ˷ɽīħһ㣬վһ顣
˵Ҫ֮ɹˣ²ڽͨ͸ˣСЦ
СƵĻɵɫ΢䣺ģ
ٿ׷ӡķ൱ڴһȫδеҵ˵Ѳѣ˵򵥣Ҳ򵥡
СƲһڹܶڼԴµޱӣ֮⣬һ׷ӡĺôԽӵܣܹӽˣǲǳƽ£Ĳǲʱû뿪ɽعȡ
Ҳ˷ʳŬ֮£оĽȷǳ죬̶ʮ֮ڣѾ˳ɹıԵʱһЩ֮֡
Щ⣬ʹùԴԤڵЧ沵أشơ
ǣСƺеӵܣԹԵشͷ
ҵȷзʺӵؾҪ׷ӡãҲֲ֪ܹ׷ӡӵܣҵҪɲٳκβʿԥһ£ȴûСһ˷ܣ˵
СȻ֪ڵʲô
ֲܹ׷ӡģѪͳĵϵӵܣ׿ţǿĳԶƣȻݲһ˿ϴǴĹʵѾӽȴȻأҲΪ¹ؼδչҸͷξԲ⣡
СʮĻҲס¶һ˿ϲɫ˵ͷڡ
ѳ˱չִ֮½һͬý֣û⣬㿪ʼƺͱ޽׶ΣȻ顣СƸɴ˵
갵յзУͬʿѾ˴ķḻ飬ȫӵӵܽʸ
ϴ֮ԱأҲΪطԽӵܳԪ˵״ȻһĲ
ӵȻɹ죬Ҳͨ岻ϧ۵ȺͻپСŰ˹Ȼپޣ׷ʿֵú쳣
˵ֻҪ⼸ӵԺ󲻻κ״ȫԳе֮ĵָܹӵܽؾȣЩֱֵۣһᣬӽķǱȫˡ
СƵֻýԭĵ伮зɹͷ
ʿЩģСƵİɣ࿪һ򣬱Ϊ۾飬ʹٱ沵ҲǿԽܵĺҵȷ£Ҫڳеʧܺľ򡣡
˵⻰ʱСĬĬزһ䣺ֻҪԽܡ
ʵҲ֪ϴε¼꣬Ȼмİִºʿ޼ϵؼӺ͵Ǽܹӵܣǵʳӣһһȫ¼ڰΪطоһ֡
ϴоɹصԭ򣬸ԴڵԪĴۣΪǼܹӵܵĺ˲̶ͬȵƽӹĺ
Ȼ֤ݱЩطйأȴ޷ܵģֻһ˿ĿܣҲעҪء
ǣзʹ¹ĹУʧܵĺȴǿԱܵģҲֻǷоͷȴû׷֮ԭ
һ죬Ҫʱطֻؼգ±
ǵʹڴ˴ηηһֻҪΪ룬ְأҵȰȰ꣬һ湦طĵرȡ󣬸ӱҵȵκͼԵĺûиı
Сô˵ɫ˱䣬ȴ޷ֻ̾һ˵öԣǿЩӵܣǴ⣬Ҳǡ
˵仰һָСǰԶĵϣ󣬽СƵټһ顣
ߣһȥС΢Ц˳кһǰȥ
ˣԹȲƱҵзؾҲһĵɲɱ޹ɢޣԼҵӵܲͬÿһλӵܣԸǰģͺҲ˵ҪȻҲûа취ʵʩ޼ϵļأԵõҪϡ
⵹ǣЩԸ֮ǩԼ֮󣬱һعȣǵʳӣǻ䣬ڼƻ֮ڣռİŽУȻЩ񣬵ȴǲòϣôǷǡ
ӵΪǰ̺δԼ壬ԼɣҲͬعУȴǺϺģΨһԲסģҲֻЩ˵ĺȻԸģǵûѡء
Ǻǣ֣̫ˣ˽֮䣬ô۵һǾ仰Ϊ˼桭
Сһţһۣ֪䣬ѾãƻͨѾнյټִȺˡ
Щִ£һжʮһˣԪ̥ϵӵܣΪ͵ģҲﵽ˽𵤾磬Ȼһ³˵ʿ
ǣһڰǰؾȻʱޣŵԽͻƵʿЩΪǵʹعУһϰꡣ
ʮǰǲӽɹطҲЩѪǻ۵Ľᾧ
СѾһƹʮִµͳ죬УͳеһλȻִƵ࣬⴦طҲ˵λȨˡ
Щִ£һ˿߸ϵԽ֮УΪ֪ЩִǶǿɾ֮ˣΪ˼棬ֻǷʳи˲ϧĵز
ЩΪ飬ҲûʿһĻ˼ǶԼڵȳҳϡ
ͳ죬ˣʲôµķ֣
СƳ֣Щִ¶վ
νǹȷһ֣ڱǡ
С£Ȼ󽲽
֮ǰоطʧܣҪǹեȡ׷ӡʧ⣬һΣȴҪǿں϶֣ǿĽܽϡ
СƵĽ⣬ڳ˲£һ죬ӵٰ֮õľ飬һ±㶼ˡ
ܶʱ֮£ȱľһжѣһ±㱻˼·ɽԳ
ͳһط˵⣬ӡԤЧ
ҪҪͨӵܣҲܰͰ죬ͬʱҪ׶ֿɿ˷Ӧ֮ܽǰ⡣
ַ飬Ȼɡ
˷ԼУҪӵܹ֤ͬȻֳһ֮ϱܹܣöȣ̶С
һҲ쳣Ϥˣ֮ܿж³̡

˵ִ£ʵҲһģȻΪƽзóͬڸԵͳ£еĳɹȴȫŹġ
ͷ֮Ҳȫھǹͬˣ빲
Сط˶⣬һ±õִµӣʱֹͣԼУΪִ̽˵
Դڵ׷ӡʿѪӰʿһӼ
֮ƥ֮ڲٿķţȻҲҪƽͣȫ޸òС
Ŀǰ׷ӡΨһĲǻȴ̼ʿԪԭʿа˰Ԫ£ԣ˽ǵȱݣ˶ӰԪǱܣòʧˡ
ԴҲϣһҸֳ׷ֲ֮ˣĽһ棬ǳܹʿ
Ҳ˵СƵʱԼʹҲֻǧԺ󣬲ܵõǷȫƹĽ
Щ֮ˣɹˡ
Ϊ˸˰ʱ⣬еഺ뼤ڴ˴ѽ֮ҵֻ潻Լʹˣ˷ɵ֮󣬶쳣˷ܡ
ͨ棬걨ȴ
һ飬Ѵޱȣ̶ʮչٳλʺϵԲ簵ִ£ǰϰ²εķ
ĽҲûСƵʧλִ£޾ձɹˡ
ˣǻϣһ㣬׷ӡĽܽϣԲ뵽Լڣʼһ
Ĺ̺ͽҲɾڣʽͷ
ЩСǣûʧǸɳˡ
ֻǿ˿ڣ˽Сʲôʣ֪׷ӡķӦ
Ϊ׷ӡʱ䣬ϾݴһзģһܣȻޱȡ
ҲԼһ£ؾ֮ϲأŻὫӵܡ
ȻУҲΪ˲ţӪΰҵ˼¶Լ꣬ֻǻԵˡ
ѿ˴˷УҲһһ׼Լľ飬д֮شСƵٴνв飬Ա졣
֮ҽ֮ڰͷȴǰȡҰԼⶨּǰȥӦˡ
ҷչգѽһԴҴ³̣ҲԳƵɭϣȻ򣬸ӦķȿˣȻԶعеĸ񣬵Ҳû˶̫
ʱȻһȴǸӦԼڲΪƺҪһȫµĹؿˡ
Ѿ˽ϳ˵ıԵ


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ʱѾ֮ãᷲˣֻؾʿԣǴʱ䣬ȻѾӵԪȴҲϵԭ½뢣ƾ뢡
оԼڸĻҲҵѳ죬Ǽҵڻ˷ĵ̣ŮԶһ棬ΪѾ߾磬Աǰ١
ھݴ춦ȻҲ˳Ľռƣֲ󣬽
⻹ǶӺȼҴôĵرʱڣģܹôһôĻرޱȾˣ춦ѾԽĪӦ޶˴ռȡҺγһԲľ޴
ңƷʾ֮ڲϵؾţϸ춦Ľ
ҲΪɽأҪΪԽɵҲǳ˵ΣֽȴǻûеҵþϳˣΪ￪ĵ·
ʱĿֻ꣬һΪܹͻϳˣǿԼʵһǼŽΪһֵӼΡ
Ŀңңڣ辭ǧоҲûٽעڴ˴ҲڴʱӵһɽţλһܶͷĻᣬǰô
ףҪɽӦٻЩԾ
Ϊڴ˵سӣѾа࣬˱ͻƵʱ̣ǷɽɽΪס򵥽һ
գʱȻҲЩźٹ꣬Ǹɵ֮ڣұʱ֮λø¼
¼䣬Ҳͬѡļμʱִţ쵼ҺӵܣΪܶ
ԷԣѾʱ俼飬ӣܷġ
ȻҲΪ¼ǳӣҲڵϵһ֮ڣȫѡε
¼ܷˣ޷йҲǿ̿࣬޳ĻԵȻ֮ڱɾԲ磬ҲȷԳμˣѾ㵽ʱλǣ¶ʾҡ
ô˵ΪӣȻҪʾһô˵ʱ֪ȥѾӦҪڽڶɽһˡ

ջڳǰɽ
ڴڼ䣬˲ѯһŵ״ʱţǷִҹĵҪ¼뷷
ƻб仯ȴԶԶǰʱңĴɷӵķ糱Ҳƽ
ȻûвУȴҲµó֮ﵽһĺͽ⣬Ϊӭɷʱ仯֮ʣڻʵȷͳȺ׵İλ飬˲ˡ
Ϊ뷷⣬˿๦ϳϸֵıɹԺҽԲ֡
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˼صɽҲ̫˴ǻط忴λӡ
밽ѽӵţ֪Ϥ֮£ڷϵȺ
£ôˣЩֵԴϴλȥ壬û뿪ֻһ߻ţʱķ壬£һ㶼̫ͣá
ӣ˵ҲϰˣϾǲѰ׵ĴԹŮޡ
ҵΪѾﵽ۷壬ɽǱޣӦҪڽá͵
밽ԣɳһ漴ȴΪеԵϲ
ϳˣԾ˵Ҳһ£ܳɣλȨ١

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궼ɽǳԼҷԴ̫ͬʱѾƿɹΪȨǳڴˣŵĽԶҪ˽⡣
̫ȣȻǲ۲۵С

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ʿ;ԽԽΪѣҪΪ񣬻Ҫӵжش򣬶һ㣬ȴǡǡǴʿ޷ģÿһλܹԴԽ֮ˣǱ־ԵĴߡ
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ʱվûнֻԼ£̫֮󣬺ܿҲɫԴпĽǿ죬ϣδ֮ڽϳˣʱȴҵҪˡ
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˵ȴЩ̾Ϣεζˣԣһæ׷ʵ⻰ô˵
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ͷҲԼһ㣬ŴƹˣԸҵӰ졣
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ʱԣӵоĺţ֧ţţ޷ָֻ֣
̫ǰĸţͨԼڽˣ֮γӴĵطҲҪı䡣Ϊ˷յǣ˾ıܹɶ޿κΡ
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ӵܲͳΣ䣬ı·ɷ˲ŵʧͬʱҲŵķչʹ֮ıóѡ
˵ףĿģ߽ҵȨıӵȨľ档
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ʱҲ޷ȷԼǱǷϳˡ
ʱôǱ뿪ˣ̫ȴȻˣ˵أûмλǵ½ʿҰһ£⣬ɹ֮Ǹ۵֪ûȤ


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һºһɽعУΪϳ˶չأڴ˹̣еѾòҪ
ʱǼһԼر췣ֵۣ֮ԪָԲ覵״̬ȻͻƵصľ
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ﵽ˵֮֮ѳɣȥ̥已̥ͲΪشݵ֮ĸţʿشĸ򣬱ؽﵽʢһ֮䣬ֱͬӲٿԪʹ֮ΪԼá
ѾԶԶѰʿɱˣ˵ѰʿԼͨͬ˽ӵԼһΪʿĳ͢󽫣ͳִȨȫ㲻ͬһΡ
ΪʲôʿθƽҲǱԲɵʿôһͨطֶΣʿ
ʱ״̬ҲԼ뷨ڤڤ֮еĴһԽŵأƾԼռֹԶɱȥԶر춦ϵıԪ飬ͨ˱֮Ԫ컯յϰء
췣֮۲Ҳͬĵ

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ظӦƺɽĳЩΪ֪ɽĺġ
סֺ֮ģһ˿ʧķ׷˹ȥͬǷֳһʶǵ춯ŲȻ޿֮ģҲ˶
һ׷ȴֺܿ췢֣Լʧȥǲټ·δֹһ㡣
޹ֻ㬵ֹͣԼһٶ

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ҹʱ֣ţɱĿ鸣ؾǱޡ
ʱһ˿ĲظӦˡ
ʱ̲ס¶һ˿ȵ飬ΪԼʶǡǲԼ֮صĸŻӦʱŷ֣ɲʱԼԪֻʶ֡
˵ʿʶԷɲɽ֮Уڹıչع֮أضŨ֮ϢӦһ쳣ֱͬڲӿĴ֮Уһ춯
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ӷӣ˵˽Ҳÿ̽Ҳֻ޽ˡ
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ĵλĴű⣬ץУҲܵżӱԼһЩƶѡ
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׷ȥ֮ʶͳ·뺣һ㣬оԼһͷĳޱȵľԨ֮С
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ԼҵĽ󣬶죬üޱȣѰ֮˳ǿܲɫǱ룬ŵĴӹϣ׹ƣ
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⣡ֲ뷷֮ڶ뢶ᷴԣԭЩܷˣȥ
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ⲻԪҵ棬𣿡
ͬɽҲ֪ͷģİɸоЩ֡
һ̽ҵĴ㣬ˣλ˽ԿɽҪ̽ˡ
ͬɽ²⣬ȴҲû̫ΪϿ԰εĻᣬǼҲ޷
ǣ˽ӭ˽
ͬɽֻԷһͨߵòϢȴͬһ񽣰ĺ·ʱܴӽ֮еˣһ֪Ǹ֮
ʱ֪ҲԼҪ˵ס
Ǵ㾡һԣΣǴʮĶ
ѣ֪ͻȻңкιɣͬɽ˴˺һ֮󣬿ʵ
ŵѣǰ˵׼Ȱ˵ѡΪ֧ҡֻҪ֧ңҲԸ㱣һ£ҺȫԽų⡣
ͬɽüѺγԣ²Ǻס
ŵȲؼŷԣҪѡȻ㣬й˵ļλѣͬӦĲ֪ûȤ
˵¶һ˿յĵȻЦ⣬·Ѿȫƿ˹ͬɽ˼
ͬɽȻҲ֮Ϊˣס𼸷ֺ֮ġ
ô˵ʲô˼
ͬɽҲûóȻʣǾԼҿյס
ȻЦŵȤҼ̸ȥ
һ˵ܹԷλѸеĴۣ֮УͬɽѾȤ˵仰Ҳ޵ķʸǣȴԼֵķ֮¸˹ͬɽ
ʱԹͬɽ˵ЩҲðһյģԹɫܿ㷢֣ͬɽȻ࣬ȴû˿ľ·Ѿ֪һ㡣
аȻأȴľ뢣ǰ֪ȴ̫ȱˡ
ڴˣֵŵԸ⣬ҿԽҶط׳λ
طͬɽɫһ˿仯ؿһĨڵӹ·ͻȻҿѾõһ㡣
ķӦʱףԼĶˣλŽɹȻҲ֪ŵıԼԼͬҲڰоӦط
ôҲͼѰҳһܹ¢ϣȫԼеطдطԴԱξ棬ƿԼҵδܳ׽徺ȥ
ڱŷ֣ȻƻѾ˲ˣҶ˵ľ뢣겻쳣ǿɱ˶Էңλ뢵涼һµģеҲпԹۣӰ쵽˸ҵҲǧʿվһͬƷš
뵱ɽʮѣŵһͳҵ˼Ӱ죬ǧһ𷴿Ҳ治ôˡ
뢴ӹ񣬱վ֮۵Ҳǵô׿ԶԸġ
ȻҲҪ뷷˵ԭֻа˶ԵطǿŲͳ죬ɸɹĴҵ
ź͸Ĭ˴֮棬ҲڰУڵ̨ͬɽĻһʱ֮仹ЩӦûľеõطĿܣܵѣҲû˵Ժ
Ͼ¹ϵżǧĻҵ
þò֪в̫ţŵѣоҴԲʵ
⵹ǡͬɽҡҡͷȻǺţֱ˵񲻵ڵָƭˣ
ҡͷԥɵ飬ǳһ±㿴롣
ֻ⸱̬ġ
ʱ֪Լó涫ֻƾտ֮ԣ˵΢Ц־Уһ̺޾׷İ׻Ƽڶ𣬻Ʈҡ
ʲôͬɽ΢İ׵Уܵһ㣬Ҷֺ嫵ϢһǷ
׷ӡ
ʲôôͬɽУæ׷ʵ
΢΢һЦ֮ı޷Ǳ뷷ˣһͳ죬֪֮⣬ҺǿҲڰвͬǹŵ㣬Ҳ˽ɣ
ͬɽԣӹһ⣬ʵ˼ǣѾشչˣ
סһ˿⣬ȴĳɾ͡
ԣз֮ұڲطΪıܹδȡȻ
֪֪Ĵڣλʶľ뢣ҲϣͨδּʵִȨķͨгڵĲ֣δ޵ĺô
洦ģɵһ뷷˵طֻҪطΣҲδľڲ֮ء
ΣǿʢеĻʿ֮ʿԼʵУչʢ֮ڵҲضãΪƳ֮ʣܹӳԶʤ˵
ϾʿȴûģңʿƷĴҲѸ١
ģǽѺڽϣǱʿҲֻܳɾ٣κһңԳ֮ʧҲΪˣƳ뷷֮󣬲Ż֮ķ졣
ͬɽ⼸ǿʵķԣ뷷طһ
ʵϣ֮ԻҲΪԼеĻȨԱвɣܹҪ
ȻҲ֪Ųһ±Ӧ£𽥹伮ڷţȴģʱռŹ֮λɽǽˮ¥̨ȵ¡
㾳磬ΪѴﵽƿʱûţ涼ƽΨһҪǵģֻнˡ֮ʱԪѺȥ룬ǧԪҲԱ֤ӡ
õⷨţ߽蹬֮λıı֮зǳҪһ빬λֲ
ˣµпⷽȡشչһ±סˣӦ֮ȴضסһ棬ٸʵ֮⡣
΢ЦнչѾɹˣ
ΪֹֻһϽ飬׷ӡĿǰֻܹԼĺ췲˽֮ãЩӰ󴵷ݣһҧԼѾɹ
ͬɽؿһۣ˵ǲţȴҲµһ˿չҲûУҲ˿ڡ
Ļۿۣɴ룬ȴǼпܵġ
룬Ҳ˸еˣŻòŻԭ뷷طһ±أɼڴ˴ĴΪ
ͬɽΪ˼ʵҪڿңУûУ
̾һЩ뢣Ȼǳɾ϶Ҫڴ˺Ǿܵġ
Ҳûд㺬ϸϸԼе׷ӡطһ
ʱֻһͨʿżȻ֮Զŷ淢ִ˷ֻߣԵõܸ߹ͬɽΪǻ֮пܱͬɽǿᡣ
ʱǵ뢣壬ѣȻûЩǡ
֮ǰûнӡ֮¸棬׼ѣȸλŽɣҲǾ˼ǵģҪӴ˵ķӦУƶطļֵҪȻԸƣû̸£ܹ׵ģֻȳ̶ˡ
δɵ׷ӡɹ˿أֵǿɴС춦;ݴ󣬾ͫЩĵδ¶ȫռˡ
ͬɽĽ֮ҲȻо̸֮лЩʵ֮ɵʵѵ˵ĳɹָӵܽ죿ɲʲôط֪ķţҲаܹʵһ㣬ûгɹҲӵǱ޷ǱǺķѸһЩıģٷʱ䡣
ͬɽָĹؼ
׷ӡֻܰʿ죬ʿֵȫ޷뷷˵طᲢ۵ġ
ȷ׷ӡֻܼٽĳɱǸҲģǿӵܽȴǿڶʱǿʵģҲѣԼӰ졣
ҵؼ֮ǿ棬ǷܹԲ֮ϵʿ
ŵ뷷֮֮ҲΪ˿һԲʿ³ʿᲢۡ
˵˴ȴǺȻһתָ˷ǳҪһ㣺׷ӡģɲֹʿô򵥣ſʵüʿʡάּĳɱԼྫͼҲͶӵ棬龳ʿҲиࡣ
˶ۣƷˣֻΪǿᣬԴԲ覣ϾֻǴҴ龳ʿɣʱڣʵᳬԽԲʿƷˣȻԳԽԲʿ涯Σδ֪
׷ӡĺô٩٩ۡ
ͬɽԼ׷ӡĺô뷷˵طеЩ⣬Ҳòϣ˵ЩʿǿʤǱ濴ô򵥵ģĹۣƷˣȷƥԲʿƷˣõΪУ޷ֳȴܹĴõֶͨΣҲԶԶ磬ˣʱᲢۡ
ңطܹϳʿսʤͬȾĶ֣Ʒ˿⣬вƵɣҪ֮࣬䣬гǧӵܳ֡
ͬɽɫ죺ô򵥣ѿѽ֮֮߸󣬹Ϊұ˰ɣҿ㻹Ǹ׼ɱΣкγ֮
⻰ɵöһ£漴ڨȻһЦʵطҪĳЩϡƷ֣Щģ漰Զħ֮йش˴żϢ٣ƵҲ࣬ŵѷģǼЭضܹ˷˱Ľȱ⣬ֻҪ⣬ʣ֮£Сˡ
ȡ˸ɣɴԳȱݣֲ׷ӡҪƷֵĹؼ֮˵˳֮ͬħ߿֮⡣
ͬɽʱѾȫ¶ȱݣ˼һȴǷ֣û̫࣬д˷ͼģȻܹɹ԰ŵ뷷ƣʮ뷷˵٣
Ȼ׷ӡֻ³ʿϳʿҲ³ʿɵģǣܹ÷Ļر
ôҪҪ
ͬɽһʱ֮䣬Щȡˡ


872 ǰ
Լ˼ѾԱƽͬɽֹε̸˲Ϳ͡
֪ҪʱԼЦȸˣǹŵѶ׷ӡȤ
Ȼ뿪
뿪֮ĲãͬɽԼεһĸӵܣѸղŷѯ
һľ뢣Ҳټӵ£Լ˼棬ЯһԼӵܣɳ
ʵĸӵ꣬ɵʵ棬λƺɲ갡׷ӡܱȵŵ뷷֮𣿡
ŶԴͬɽ
棬Ŷڰ͵͵λĲгԸıֵطôܻգضҲڰֽš
Ⲣǹؼ֮ΪֻҪǵõطȻлƽ⣬ŵ뷷֮һ㣬ӴĻᶼûУû֮ʲôпǰȱݣˡ
λӵȻ֪׷ӡݴܷӹã붯ûɽıͬģȴҲ²⵽һ˿ߡ
ΣҲؽЩܹǿʵĶʹãҪоȡ档
ȼҵȻҲȡ޶ȣͬҪⳡоȡ档
֮УͬɽѾûмǷˣǴ۶
㿴ûгɣܹõó⣬ǽλҲ޷ûг⣬ֻҹĳװǣǱ㲻ҪҲʲˡ
ͬɽ¶˾ģĸӵܷԸȥϵݽ˵³һҽ뼸λѵŰݷã봿ʱҪչ

뿪ͬɽ壬ǰȥݷҵ棬Ҫ˵Լ֮¡
׼˽Ǵ棬һֱЩģôʱͻȻָȤˣ
Ҫ֮λЩѰ찡̫ҵ֮ȻʸͶѡֻܻҵ˵֧֣ù
׼Ҳ֮ķλתͶ⾺ѡʿϣ˲ܻø洦
һ壬ͬˣҲһɲݺӵͶϣȷԻȡٺô˰ѳֹλܱȵϰϹ֮λλǰŵùҵĻѡҰɡ˵֧֣ҳȥȡиλǰʧ
а취Ǹı⣿֪λ뢶ǸԱţ˵ģҪȡ֧֣֮Ϊѣǽ˶£
飬Ҳûʵ̫ˣ΢С棬˸Ķ
ֻһľ뢣ھ뢵Ԫ֮У׳֮ˣôܳеۣ
ֻΪһ֮λʵ̫ˡ
ǳɹɹƣȻҫͨϣҲޱϵҪˡ̫ԥһ£˵
֮λʵʵȨҪҪö࣬׷λضΪԼܹ˳ͬʱӴŸ߲㣬Ҫ˵߸ϣǲܵģľ뢣ûһ֮Ҳܹһȡ
ڣ뢶ֻϹͳӵְҪ˵ֱӷָּ֮£Ҳ
֪֮λҪһ֮ǡҪ֡ǾãͻǷǣʵȻڵƣѾҲòȡʱ򣬶˵棬ǿˡ
ΪҲûٽͣͬٳ׷ӡԼĲеطչڼλͬ˵ǰ
ʲô׷ӡ̺̫˲΢
Ҳͬɽһ㣬׿ԽļʶʶĲͬѰ֮
Ҫ֮λԭΪдȥˮ˵
̫ˣʱɫһݣ㾹ȻҲڡ
˼죬ȴڲסͬ𾪣뵽˽طȻѾ˽ӽɹĳɹ
׷ӡ棬ܵһ˿Ϣ꣬ӵ๦ЧȻ׷֮֮ͬ
ϵǻڴˣЦ⣬ԼͷӵԶص¶׷ӡôҲ
Ȼӵ׷ɽܹ֮ӵʵɽԼ꣬ӽϳʿ
֪ԲʿѰʿĲͬһ˿̺֮֮֮³˵ӵܣҲԼﵽԲʿһľ磬걾ѰԲʿƣˣҪֻڷۺԼ̡
˵ôط϶д۰ɣʲôסʵ
̨Ҳ֪ûаռ˵飬Ȼм̸̵ط϶Ӧȱݡ
ȱݲ⣬ŵ뷷֮ͬȱݣؼҪӦֲ֮
ǰȻ棬˷ҲһЩ׶ˣ磬ʹ׷̼꣬ȻǱԪ濴࣬ʵѾʼԪԣǽ˷޳죬ԪҲֻܵ꣬Ҳʮꡭ
֮⣬ƴ˷ΪףΪ˷ֿ֮ʿԭӵеԪѪΪһƵıģûѰúʵıģóȻѰ֮׷ѳɣԣޱķ棬϶ܵһЩƣڼ֮֮ʲôıĻ޲пܣ˶ԴطԸĽҲ԰ơ
ܵĶԣֻҪȫҵطؽԿŵĻᡣ
ʵʱûȫ׶Σ֪׷ӡ᲻ֲߵӰ죬Щôȴ¶ӣֻѰôһ֮䣬оݡ
˵ţ̫˸о˵Ӧġ
Ҳû̱ȫţνۼΪʵҲܹ˵Щޱ
˵׷ӡѾȡʿˣеٮٮߣǿƷˣƷ˶˽Ļᡣ
ȻΣأǧӵȥԣӿֳҲǲܡ
λǰҽ⹬֮λҲΪ˴ңֻҪܳΪԽ壬ѣͬиطԽ׷ӡĺſԽš
޹ǰ̡
ģǵǿԴӦ㣬ңض߾ܣ⹬֮λ
̫Ѿ֪Ҫ⹬֮λΪʲô
ҲСȻױʩĳŵ򶯣мǵĹϵԼʱչֳĶҲɶˡ
ȲᣬҪμͶѡһ֪Ԭ̫ԪǣҲڴˡ
ȻһǺú̸̸ġ˵
Լڴˣ̫ҲȰˣתȡѳ¼ݵ¼Լ׷ӡĳƷǶǼʶĵ뢣֮а취Խα
Ѷǣǲ顣
ȻһЩؼ֮׷ӡĺô׷ӡãȴǲٵģҲóɹʹ˿˳Խ˵ϣ
ǣμλѲȥ
ֹһʱգԼŽɵܻᣬһΣŽɲԼһλǶ
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ͬԼ̫˵Ļ˵һ飬ǴƵ׷ӡ
׷ӡãҵȱתΪ֧Ҳ޷²˴ڳʮ֮⣬˭֪֮ǰŽͻȻἰһؼ⡣
ûˡ
ǱáŽɳ׷
ЩöһԶܵ϶Ҳôǲ̫࣬ԵõˣǸʶִˣֻڰǣûнĴ⴫
ãҪٽ⴫עĻŽԵ
֪˵ʲôϵŵѷģзִ磬Ȼܱ֤⴫⴫Ҳᳬټңŵڴ£ԺҲԶЧ
ټҡŽüͷ΢壬仰䣬˾޴Ұġ
Ž֪ԼʱûȰ˵ııǮؿһ֮󣬱㲻ʹ뿪ˡ
뿪Ĵ壬ŽɴżλѻصԼҷϣ׷ӡ֮¡
ﲢ١ʵ˴ǵЩ֮⣬ͷҲһЩԶ֮޲ӡ֤ĿܣһЩֱָԶɹ뷷ɵıʣطȻҲǽеһЩ顣
λ𣬵ǺøԵȻһٱ㽫Ϊͷ۵ļԦ֮¸ˣضзǳططƳ׷ӡĹؼ
ЩȲ̸Žʵȡ᣿
˽ԳĬԣû˿ڷ֮£ȴȻ˵ѾĶˡ
ҵǣ׷ӡ֮ԹһЩĵ伮ҪǰսϣͬԿŵ뷷֮
Ҳȫ˵ǶԿϾŵĹϵǵжԣң㣬ֱ˴˾
Ҿ뢲ĴţҲڸ뢺ǿݣ˫ìԶҲܵͣǱ˴档
һطȻСȴȻǿõǰֻҪȥϣһ㣬гܹӵܽˣ൱˵Բ֣ʿطط֮ȫһԾΪеĺţħ֮ϡ
ڣпȡŶ֮ߴħзѳȥγ㶦֮ƣ̺ǳ޴Ҫ̶ȣԶԶвƸܺ͡
̫֪Ը֮и׳ˣǣŲطλʶľ뢺ѣͬĽ
ҪЩ뢳ɽ֧ΪȡǵļҲ뵽׷ӡȦӣͬӵ
⼸λ뢣ǳȴּҡԬҡżҡ̫Ԫ֮⣬ͬɹ֮УȴǱޣע֮µˣȻڲ£ȴûɥʧѡʸֻҪϳɽ˭Ҳ޷ų⡣
ȻҲ̫ϣѰ޷Щʿ֪Ȼҵ˿뷷İ취֮Ҳ̲סĶˡ
׷ӡ治޻֮ﰡΪƭȡֶ֧Ӫļ
ȻĳɹԺǸңƽƽ
Ȼƴ뷷˵Ҳ࣬ƽ̯λ뢵ϣǼˣλ뢹ͬϵԵΣգȥ֮
ǰǹһƬ


873 Ų
£̫棬ͬɽˣæ磬׷ӡȴ֣ЧԶԶϡ
ɽϵһعУŽ뼸λһԶֽ׷ӡֲһѡӵϣҲϧۣøĵر֮ǿԲľ硣
Ƿ֣λӵܵΪ֮һ±㴥׷ӡ̺֮֮ӡ֮Ѫʼһӵܱһ㣬ʶ֮䣬ط˺󣬸һͻƵؾʵ˷츲صı仯
̣ǡ֤׷ӡЧ
׷ӡҪãӵ꣬γһصӡǣӡǣҪƿأҲΪˣҪһŹͷԺȺۡ
ʱŽ뼸λѾ϶Բˡ
Եе֮࣬ھҲɵ˱˴˼ĽɵðԾ̾
޷ɣȥɣʱգľޣսг˵Ҫ
ͬɽΣΪ޷ɵģϹϾվԼͶλǰӵȥ
λӵܣֲ׷ӡˣһӡ
޷ͬɽĻ˳ӵӦһȻתȥ
λǶ񰡡һ뢸̾һʿӷ֮ΪУ治֪Ǻûǻ
ضҲǧ֮Բ˵ȻܽɼĲСܲŵķӦżȻзֺ֮ǹʿĸˣ
з֮ԼطգиʿòܵĴƣܹƽطͬı˭֧һظλҲˡ
ͬɽЩΪȻ˵
ԣĬȻ̾ʵҲóȻǿˣΪǿһľ뢣ȡκжǵıǺȨ𽥱ɣǿɸɹĴҵ֮ʱطǿؽѹƵС
ģ˾ֻ࣬иݳһ;ˣɸݣΨβ󲻵һ·ߡ
ֻǿʵǰĸһ㣬Ѱɢޣž뢣õĵ
ͬɽ˵һ֮˱㶼޻˵ˣתʵ׷ӡѾ֤ȷʵɣ֪λʲô
ǱõŲϷſ뷷˶ȣǱԶҪţܶһԼӵܵ·ҲǸıǮ
ҴõռҵļСȶ˵Կǵĺýҵúعȣȡ׷ӡߣǹŵ㻹֮λȻ֧㣬ҲǼˣΪ֧Իȡӡط
˵뷷ݱÿһ궼ӵܵ뷷ƣǼҶΪǹŵ㣬ҲʮǰŵõƷԶƷ˽ܳҲѱŽٱء
ֻǼҲգԭû֮ʱǸҲల£ЩͨԳͶΪۣ߸Ҹ񣬻ƷǱԴˡ
ǰֻҪʩֶΣܽǵƿأԣǾܽеıѺϣαǱδһᣬֻҪܹԼƿֵط˷棬Ҳضǣνһá
˷׷Ե
һУΪ
ͬɽԼҲ˼ãͷ
ǰʱ򣬸ҳʿ֮⣬ûиһֵֶΣӵоĺţûоͨңν֮
ֲ࣬ΪִȨԵʣ뷷˵ʱһһ˸֣ʵȻʮ֮ޣܺҲͬʵǣ֮£뢵ú϶ˡ
ۼ˴һ޶£žӵ뷷Ʒ˵Ȩ棬ûб־ԵƣңΪҲԸ⽫ܳǲȥ˵뷷⣬ϣϡңս٣ȡϣӣƷˣҲΪġ
ЩӰ£һƷܷӵʵҲλ³ʿ
ӵоĺţѰҵԱȣ˵ҲǺ߾Ӷ࣬Ը˵ǲ֮
ڴʱڣӼǧǶȻһɢɳΪУһɢɳҲпܾۼγһɿµ
Ϊƿ˵ӵо뢵ĺŻһ̶ȱɣЩûо뢵ȴܡ
ˣҲԪչǲӵǰҵѧտʼ
ͬɽҲǳ¶ˡ
ǣеĹͶѡ
ͶѡȻѾóĳˣǱһֺη

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Ŷ߶ȨλҲأͻȻҪ뾺ѡ
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ԭŲһִÿڣɽʮ׷𣬳֮󣬿ķֶ棬Ҫƽǹͳ־ŵӵеİ壬һÿҲ˷ֱƿ֮С
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һλʵսǿ뢣˺İ꣬Ϊ澫Ѿϳˡ
Ǳʱգضһߡǣ쳣ľٶΪ£ѵ鱨ᣬֻΪλ
÷еͷ۵ĵطΪž뢣ͣӵرפ֮ȨɽϣӵԼ壬Щ˱˻᳤פɽֳڸ棬ܶʩӰ졣
䲢ûоɽȴԼķ£ܹͬ浽ÿڵִ¡⣬Ѿߪӵܡ
ֻЩٶҲƽȴûм뿪Ƶҵľݷ֪Ȼͬɹ֮ˣԶ磬ȴڽƽҲûʲô
˲֤쳣߶пΪ빬λһ¡
Ҳ˵ǼʶˣжûɽȨɽ֮ڷش¼Ӳע⣬ڴ˿̣Ǻ޲Լûзκ쳣
Ϊûɵûп˶վ侲һԵȥ
šܿվҪȥˣȥȥɡ
һλԼȥһˡ
֮󣬷ɽع֮УǰչǱ޵ĵط
źųǧϾ뢣УһЩıӸˣԶκݣһЩǧ֮õͷһЩ׷ݵϹŵʱ
û˵֪ЩǴӺζ֪ΪοԴ֮ãȴȻ֪Ǹʱɵ˥䣬һǰͣӺ̺Զŵ伮ȳ˿ɹ˼̳еıأʱĺ󱲣ͨط
ԭޱߣӵйĪͨܣܿԽ򣬴գһһŲƷ󣬰Ѻޱߵ
ʱϹħֺУԶŰСǣжȡ˴󲿷ֵ½֮أɹ֮ĩ帴˵ʢ
ЩҲߣ˵ߴ֮һĵţŵȵɣȡţͬҪΪ̫ϳϣʦ񣬲վȽŸ
ֻһȴǼ˵֪û֪ܹ֮ռɽһٵ춨ɵִţߵλҲΪܵλϹ͵ֲΪߡ

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΢΢ףص𣬵ӷһ£ʶ̡
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ϳ˾뢣Ǻˣ̱ͬ
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ЩϹž뢣϶ͬһˣȱĲʱԵѡ
Լϳʿ֪ϳʿ鲻ǷþϣҲַˣתѯʵ˭ʲôˣ
ԵǰĴڽ¼䣬Ƶ磬Է֮ͼ
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ҪǣصأŻĲס
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ԣ΢
𺬺͵ˣҲй˽⣬ȷһλĩ֮ѵõţʵͬСɣۼ֣Ҳûȫ͸ֱǾеģЩ뢸һ𣬹ͬˣ
𲻽ʵǡڲط߳ƽŵķָ֮δã
һᰲţѡһʵʱһˣЩ˶ž뢣зִ磬֪ԼѾע⣬ȻùġԵ
žѰҰɢ޲ͬЩǴмҵãǲЩȻһɢޣ½ƾϲá
˵ףͼƽŵķ֮ҲΪ˺ѣһĴϣŻǷǳоġ˿ҲǾˣҪδȻ
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874 ڰ
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һ죬ûеǼλ뢣ȴǵȵ˷̵һԼӵܡ
ԵΪУһʧִģ
£ո뵽һڸĽطĹؼ֮ȴõӵܴ˼ɵЩãʵ
˼ȣߵģӵܵľʧ롣
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ֻϧλ壬ƺҲȱ˼
ӵĲ֮⣬æ˶񣬵棬ǰո뷷˵ļλ棬ǡǳˡ
ʲô뷷˳ˣĿһ
뷷Ŵƣܳʲô£ʵѲɻзҵȵֶΣ
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У˶𣿡ʵ
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֪ھԼˣزöã̫棬ͬɽҲ֪£еĺ塣
ʲôãҪҵȣֻЮӵܡ
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Լӵһ춨ﰲ̫ƽĸʱβˣȴпͬʱŷӴ˲ڸԵӪ
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Ϊ˼ȡֽʽд˼Ű̫ͬɽǰ飬ͬʱȻһƵ֮ĺ졣

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ѣžȻҵӵ֣⾿ΪΣͬɽһ㼱׷ʵڴѶʱѾ֪Ĵţȴ˽
̫濴øΪԶԴҲЩ΢ɣȷŶ֣
ȻдϢ֮ʱҲڴˣӵϱңѾȷӵܵ򣬶ܵش³ţʲô˿
һɣν֮ԣھȴΪķȷмֵҵʿǲѣһɣƾһ֮ԣҲá
ȻϣЩ֪֮󣬲ûӼˡ
Ŵһ㣬Ǳǣܻ֮ᣬǳƽ֮ͷѾӵ˳ķţɹ
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ǿĹϵ໥棬໥Եһλ뢶ֲҪʦͬ飬Ԯɹĸȹ̣жżԼҲֻڶ⼸λӵ֣ܶٲȻˣ⡣
̶ֳȵɧź;棬ԪʵʵӰ죬Ȼŭ޹ɱԼӵܣȴҲǳѣʱֻء
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬ǻҪѣֻҪ˴һɣţҲٱҵȣʱֻԸλ˵֪λнչ
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رʾԸź٣ʵǸȨ
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