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001 ԽǰĹ
εգһ鷢䣬Ƶ㣬Ʈ
һɫսȻ졣
лص죬ѻΪһī㣬ʧʵա
ڣ˷Ա⣬ֻӡ
Щܽ˷ߣÿˣһڻмλϡ
ȻЩ˵죬ҲǴ֮ˡ
ȫͳһɫĽ£һȻΧڲǰǻ߻򰫣ֻݣɢһ޵ɱ
ɱûʮϵɱ˾ڲ¶Ϣ
ڰ쳣ʹһҲ
Ȼɻڲ¡
磬λȥԺҪúһ¡
úһϵĲ裬˵
Сÿ˳Ĭʱǵһա
껽ӵõ񣬻ĽӵɩѾ뿪ôˣӦͻˡ
˿̣˵߶ڻмӣǵĴ硪롣
̾ϢһͷתԵĴڣ졣
Щһֱ׷˺ܶ£ҲΪﵽһжĴڡڣΪһͻƿֻҪͻƿһܺ͹շ
ǰȥˣ뿪ô꣬ҲӦѰµ
ãŻصڻڡ
öһĴָϲ˵磬λȥҾʹȥźúһŮ˵ζ
ͬʱ¶ֻ˲Ż׵Цݡ
ʱٷеսȻһһӴڡ
͵Ϯ
һȫɢӴϢӰһɻǰ
Ҳ˲ͷųβ󣬵ȴ
ߣ
˫ַɫĹâһԭβɴݵĴţ˺ѿ
Уһѹӭ洵ƺûиоһӰһƯڿС
˸շɳսֻһڶϻصҰ
üͷϵٴ㣬תսķȥ
սȼɫĻ棬ѺϽɵĻڸ¿ڻŷԱһʹĲнս֮仯Ϊˮ
ʶͷŶΧɿĸӦš
ӦӰٷȻˡ
ɢӴɱһÿжһѺɫĳ
һʱ䣬Ӱ˵ǰ
ֻˣ¶ϢΪ֮ϡ
ΪǲˣǴﵽ豹ľ磬ֻҪͷϢûܸӦΪ
ȫһɫɫȻĿˡ
¶ĵɱǲΪ˵ǿϢȻһͬͨûʲô
ۣ
ϳͷ꣬о֮ɫһ
ǰˣֻ۵࣬˶ʮߡ
ֱһӣͬʱڿУ漴΢Ц磬û뵽ķʽɣ
۲ˣͬͬĸĵܡ
罨ţڴսȥ
磬ҲŽڣǿΧ׳ǵ
Щ뵣֮λһֱչۣĵڵȨһ֮ࡣ
Եܵܵʻ̾Ϣһȷʵ벻ֵ˻ķʽ档
һ·ʲô£Ъ˹ĺû뵽ң
ԽԽԽԽ޷Լӳ뿪һ죬Ҿɱ㡣Ҫ㣬𣿶ʱ㻹׷ɱŵǿУ֪֮ǰ˵ʲô
Ưڿе룬Ȼһ
Ůӣʱûмһ棬Щһʹ
ΪʹЩһֱŮɫˣ־ͺˡĴ£һĬĬɱɣһٳΪһʼӴŵΧҲڽзֲ½䡣
һУֻ˰ʱ䡣
Щһֱɱ¾жȹɱ¾׷ϵ
Уǿߣ˳й͵һɣͳһ硣
һ֮ںѰҵ˵еʥء
УõһöصĽָʵͻƿơ
öָ˿ϣɢŵϹ⡣
ĵϣȻû䣬һЩصĵɺ͹ϵļС
ָ̧룬һһٵĺ磬һκ㣬ӽҲˡ뿪һ죬һֱŬʵΪ˵һ졣죬ֵ˾֮Ͼһʤɣ
۵صվþõĻصõɫΪ֮һ䡣
Ҳ򡣡
һתԶһƬգȻ֮
Դӳȥ֮ǿʤԸͱˡ󣬶ʲô¶ĮģΨһ׷ľͨŬﵽһǿߵĶ壬ӶıԼˣı˵ˡ
ҪǲٿˣǱ˲ٿء
΢΢һ㶣漴˵磬֪ɣѾˣҲ֮λãѵҲɱң
ɫûиı䣬ƽ˵Ȼ뵱ȥɣ
ȻѾĴҲԵȥĸ׺ֵܣÿԷһУȥ׷δ֮·
һ㶣˫ȭͷЦ磬֪ڶʲôνҲν𣿡
˵˶٣ƺ˵磬벻ûõǰѾҵġ
һӴɱͷŶش۵Ļ
ˣͬʱɱƵʮ֮⡣
Լĵܵܣԭº͵Ҳ˲ñǧ꺮ֻ֣˵ۣʲôҶԲʣҲԹ㣬㲻ǲ֪û˿ǰ˵ĲǣʹصĸҲС
ۣ֮ŭ
ۡ
۲ûбɱӰ죬ΪȻĿ룬ңǾһʤɣ
һһѪĳϡ
һΧĿռʱŤһޱȱɱԽɢ
õˣͬʱһͬ
Ϊ֮ǿᣬһ˿а
Ϊ㣬˲䱻ɣΪһ̯Ѫˮ
۽˫΢΢ֻǿưаŵķ
ֻһӶһѪͷŶ빥ȥ
ѪĴռŤӰ˸
硭
õ˶֪ѷǿ󹥻һҪɵǰΪֵǿƵĹ
벻˷ȫ±һɫ֣һǿͷŶٴαѷƵ֮⡣
ͬʱѪҲǰ
ţǰһӣХ쳹ʡ
죬ɫľڿնΧ
㾹Ȼɴ˵еľ𣿡۾С
ɫֱ䣬ʲô᲻֪
𣬴˵˼ȵĻ棬ȼ
һþõػصڿУѪɢСһЩ
ʧĵطռŤĸǿңһڶس֡
ռѷ죿
˸ܵڶ̺Ӵɫһ԰ס
ռѷ죬ֻйﵽ켶ʱŻ֡
ǳѷʱʵõ߻ᱻ˲УΪѪꡣ
ɫѿܵ޷ֵӴһ˺ѷεķ֮ʹѾζĵֵˡ
ߵľȻռѷȥȵĻ棬ʱÿռѷС˽֮һ
ӰҲһХУɢ
ﾪѣ˵ҪηֵĿռѷ죬Ȼǿֵסˡ
ۿûڿռ˺ȥӯĺ硣
ͬʱ˵ֵռ˺ѵȥ
ۼɵʱͻȻܵһɾеʧ
Ѫֹͣһֱѹ˫ԹܱɣҲ빥ϾεĿĲɱ룬ǡ
ѪڿһУʣʱȥ
Ѫ󣬽죬һɽڡ
ͷųһӴǿаѰѿռѷУǹӴҲ֮ʧ
ƽϣ¶ʹ֮ɫһεκڶͷϣĿ˸һɨͣ۵ϣѵĴӿ³һ仰ĵܣȻ˵κ˲ǰ˵Ĳǣ绹ԭˣϣ֣ԽԽ
Ȼֹ廯ΪһƬѪռѷӴС
廯ΪѪ˲䣬ϵĽָжʱͷųһϹ⣬סʶ
ռѷȻͷųһҫ۵ĹââɢȥǰĿռָԭ
ȴӾӻӰһ۵ǰһȭݺݵ۵ؿڡ
ۿѪɳȥѵƯڿУɫ԰׵һŰֽ
˫Ѫ죬ŭĴϣƽһֱǵصˣǶʲôȻһɱ硣
˵ţҪӶеĳնȥɱŨƺҪһնΪΡ
˺һͬһֵͬܣʤֵܡ
ͬʱ̾𳤵Ҫʩչϻ󷨣ɱĴϡ
Ȼ˵ΪĴ֮£Ϊ˲ǱΪ籨𣬼ʹͬھǣҲϧ
ˣ
쿴˫Ѫ죬Ҫʧȥǣһ
һȣǰХ
дŨʱѹŭȴָ˼
̾Ϣһ˵ҵĴϣս񣬳⣬Ϊ˭ܵǣ
˵δκ¶¶е죬˿̵˫ۻ飬Ҳʣţʱ챾ŴĬĬŵɱн綥壬ΪŸô࣬ȴʧȥİˡ
ҵȿȴ޿κΣȥĴϱҵ˸£ԲŻᷢ£߳һԼȴû뵽ҵȶԲ
˵꣬ͷһģһ׹Ϣȫޡ
ϣҲͬһʱл
ٶ̫죬õ˸ŪףûʱֹֻĿȥ
һɱǰֻҪ︱¶ҵģҵȥ󣬻лϣ˲Ҫڼǰӣͬڴ½֮ϡ
ϣ
ĵӰõ˰Ĵ屧ڻ
۵ߣ˵Ȼºûйϵһ޷ԭ㣬Ժа䣬ҵһɱ㡣
˵꣬˵ͷΪ⣬ƿնȥ
ƯڿУ˿Ѿ磬Բû뵽ûţһȥ㵱˵ԸΪнĶ壬ЩһֱŬԸ
磬ߺãֿôˣڿԼˣϣҵҸ
˵һѪ󳤳ϢһҡҡλΣȥ


002 ұ
췽½һΪұĴ䡣
յգ۵͸Ҷ϶ڵϣ¶߲Ĺ㡣
һԼʮ꣬վڴɽеڿ
ȻͲòҲ㲻㣬ü¶һɴݵţ˫˫ۣ·ܶһС
ȣ
һ΢۵ȭ̧ȭͷһɺɫĻ渲ǡ
ΧĿʱȣһǰһ
ȭ
ͺһȻһ̤ǰȭ˳ƻӳɫĻ澶ֱȥ
䡭
֮󣬵΢΢ʱȼ
һ촫ڴֵĴһɹɾӦѣΪƬƬľмƮɢ
ϵȻ棬Ҳ̼ɢӰ١
껺ջ֣ȼзžĴҡҡͷ꣬ǲһ㣬ɽȭҪںϵһȷʵЩѶȡ
˵һЦ밡룡ŨȻһССĻȭںϲãҲ̫û˰ɣ
꣬ǴԽ룬һתʮѹҲ˴ŵ˽⡣
ǰ˴ҹСһұͬׯ֮һ
뷢֣ǰļ䣬ǰĵͬٶȱǰࡣ
ǰǺ͸ĸһ޷ֻûˣ߳ȥˣʱһ
Լķ䣬ĸҲٹˡ
ÿ죬˽ˣĻ͵͵ؿ⣬ϻ̿һҹ
㿪ʼ룬ͨȫĴľ۳һɲ
Ҫ֪ͨ־ϵ޵˵νʮּѵ顣
һ޵߶ʵﵽһκ𲽴ͨ
ͲͬˣǰһҲ·£ʵﵽ󣬲ŷġ
ʱ״ͨɳ֮󣬾ͣͨʱԽѡ
ֻͨܿԼĽ£޷̫ͨ󻹻ᵼ¾ѡ
ڳʱ򣬱˵ûʶûУһЩʶͨ
뷨ʱ֪ˡ
ÿڳʱڻᶼһСҲ˵γ֮
СʱҲܿƺɵĴͨڴľ
ʱоĴڣûĺһ㺿ޡѭһȦڵʣ𲽴ͨЩȽСľɢʱѾͨڴľ
Ҳܸ֪ܵοƵ²ġ˵򵥣һ˵νȵ컹ѡ˳ʱͬʶܲܿС˵
ȴͬڴԽǰʶȴһЩҲ
֮˳Ŀڵ𲽴ͨ
ɫɽʱк֣߳ȥ
ߵſڣ㿴ʮĺ˹
ͷһкߵкЦ˵ϣ缸ܿⶦķ
һкҲﻹܳôϡ
߰ɣͬʲô˵ģֱ˷ʱ䡣
һк˵
˴Ƶ˫ֽȫ¶һȵϢһջڣǼӸûз
ؿԶȥıӰյ˫ȭʧߵľͷȥ
뱻Ϊԭܼ򵥣Ϊһ޵ߣ֪ʲôԭ򣬺޷
ʱ𣬴˱㿪ʼҵĺΪ涼ȴܣǷʲô
ұһյʱ䣬м߷ǰ
߷ǰߴ쳣ʯʨ
ʯʨͷԲ۾ϬϵĹâ
ļҡ
ļңұڵλرýֻʮס
ʯʨ֤ȱұЩ͵ݣֻ¹Ǩ
һ˵Ҳ֣һһʹӣһҲŮ
ǰһһŮȴһкֻѪȻȴһֱ޷
ĺӣûһԸ˵ʮУȻûнһѡ
ͨСӣ϶ּĪӣ벻һȻСӵ壬ȴг˵־ǰһݺµĸ֣ȻмẢӼ飬Ͳжʱ䣬ȥѧ
ˣ룬㶼ΪˣѵͼСӼƽϣ
صУĸϾ˹谮ĸͷ룬ˣ
ܵĸ׵ĹģһůʮڸĸĹػ𽥳߳ǰ뵽ͥС
ţ
صͷף׻û𣿡
Ͼ΢΢һЦȥˣ¾ͻ
˵䣬ǡ߽ݣؿһ۶ӣȻˣԷɣ
򵥵ĳһڱ𷹺衣
Ƭ̺Ͼʰ꣬ߣѾʮˣʲôʱȥ
Ͼ겢ǸڵˣҲǾ˽ܺŽķޣһα꽻ӵУɽһƫƧʶġ
˽һҲûŮԸ޸
˵νǾϷԣһη꽻ӵҹﷵأܵһƬڶꡣ
ɫֻ̫ܰռķǰȥûܼȴײһˣʱһ¡æײڵص˱ڻоԷϢ΢ΪԼײϢˣæ˼˹˹󣬶ԷϢͬ΢͸оЩˡ
Ϣ΢ԵʣǶԷ촽쳣Ҵһɵƺǡ
뵽ȫһŶԷ˫Ҳڲ֪ɿˡ
ŮʹĺŷӦҲұԷǰ
ŮϾ꣬ȫұɽɱصӵڶ꣬û뵽Ȼײڵء
ûлԷǱ׵ģ˵ҲûҲɶԷ
ûԷ֮󣬾Ȼڵϡ
ϾѽˤʱǣϵƣԹȥҪһٲܽ
Ͼ걻ѣʵͽΪֺ񣬱޸
˵ĸҲһֱܺãûгܹʲô£⡱ӡ
ӵĻʵͽ𺩺һЦæȻ¸ˡ
Ͼһۣʰ꣬һʵ󣬱뿪ݡ


003 ʯ
˿ֻ̣ʣ¸ˣ˶û˵һʱð
뾲ڷڣ֪лҪ˵
Դ֪м󣬱֪һЩطǰһЩ似ûպãȻûʹ֮¸ףϾһġ
ѹʮ꣬ҲˣΪԺܸõ׷ʹײᣬҲҸʸ
һϵĲˮɫʱȻ룬Ȼȥһط
ʶʲôʵףҪȥ
ӣһ˫С۾ĿŸףֻǾһº͵ĸף˿˵ͻȻЩ̫Ӧ
վһⱻڰֵҹգ߰ɣ֪ˡ
ҹʮֺ䣬һͬ𣬲һս
䣬˶ԹϢˣҲһЩģš
·ϣһӣ˱ϼ꣬û۸
ԶˣһЦǸҹҪȥﰡ
ӵֲ֣ǰ֮ˣ񣬵ͬһ£ͷ̧ͷֻ̣磬£ĴתתܴܲҰ
쿴һ룬ͻȻ뵽ʲôЦСҲʮ˰ɣһǸ
꾭̣ҾȽϸУûѴ˷ʹ汲ʱҲ⼥
裬ֻţûʲô£ˡ
첻ͷİڰ֣ȥɣȥСĵ㣬𱻲ǻˣǿǴһʧ
߻صѾһҡһڵǰȥ
һȥ
ߵʱؿһȥıӰӰ
׿һӣȴܣɷܴ裬ֻҪ㹻ʵãܡ
룬ڳˣҲ֪һЩǣǸûá
̾Ϣһε˵
ָ֪ЩӲһˣ£ûԹ޹Ϊγһͥףǲһ棬һҲܿġ
ӶСȭͷ¶һĵɫ
һů˶£ԶԶû뵽ġ
ôʱ򣬻ʲôڴһЩӵࡣ
Щ˶ͬ⣬۸ʱԹΪγڱﺢųļͥС
ͯ£һЦӿ˽Ų
߳ұ˴Լʱ·̣˱һߵСɽԡ
һȥСɽʮֲ˿Ӳ⣬洦ɼʯ
Χˣ紵⡣
Сɽϱһ㵭֣ƾ˼ء
ӻͳһСɵʯʯ״ͬȼյĻЩơ
¹£ʯɢĵ⣬һ֪ǼֵƵ䱦
ʯͻȻϤĸо֪ⶫδ
һӻóһѷذףָһһѪ˳
һɻ󣬸ҪʲôѵҪʩչɣϸûа
ɻ֮ʱָѪеʯϡ
ѪһӴʯûС
ֻΧӿʯΧŽµСɽ΢΢һʯ֮ڡ
һʱ䣬ʯͻȻɢҫ۵⣬̺һɵ޷ſ˫ۡ
ڵ̫޷ͬʯɢ⣬ֻɻı۾
ɢȥʯͻأðһϸСɫ档
Ȼһȼʱûͬ΢
ذףһ⻬ʯԣʯʯһȥĵط
ݵʯڣͬʯĴСպͬ
ʯȫ밼ݵʯУԭСɽʱΪŨ֡
ֻȫѪҺҪ˵ļ
Ȼ󷨣ǰʧ󷨣ȻһСׯ㱻ˡ
˷ܵͬʱæΧȥһңΧȫǺʯ
֮⣬Ҳˡ
ԭǿʯڵʯ˿ֻصУʯɢɫĹâֻķΧ
Ϊ׵ͬʮʱһΣڶǰʱͯʱȫͬ
ͯʱȫɻ󡢺桢֪롣
Σȴ쵼ߵʯڡ
һתۼʮȥˣǰʯȴûһ˿仯ǿСʯͷҲͯʱŷλû˿ƫ
߰ɣ
صʯڣŲǰȥĶס·ߣԺ㻹Ҫ
ʯڰ쳣ֻнŲصʯϿա
о䣬·һ㣬쳣£ֺϵһ
󷨵İ
ϸĿΧʯڣȴʯ̺һɵǺڵΪֻģĸӦ
ʯǺܴ˴Լһյʱ䣬һĴ
ڿһֻмλãڷһԼĵ
һߣһʵĵۣɫȻһ˫ǻ۵˫ۣǰ֮
ͣ½Ųڵǰ£֮Ф𣬼档
ҲѧŸ׵ӣһߴоУͺǰʱࡣ
ԭ񣬾λ棬ֻǲ֪־磿
뵽̧ͷ
ȴһֶصƣ˫ǻ۵˫ۣ·ǰһС
һִۣĸо
ڵûпƵ£תŵֵסĪѹ
ľѣ޵߹ȻǰǸᣬԵ̲˱ĵ񡣲׼ȷ˵ǾԵ񲻳ĵ
𷿼ſʨӣ֪ͬĵǳͬһ֮֡
ȻܰѵصУصߣϵ档
һȻҲ裬ȴұڵˣû̫ѪԵϵ
棬ұʱ峤Ҳ裬
ұͽȱƾһ֮ɱǿţΪұ󹦡
ұΪ˸лΪİѴλõһأøλ棬ڴΪһƯŮӵӡ
ڴ޽û뿪ұ֮ǰѪ
룬λĵʮˡ
棬ұǳ⣬ǰȻûеһôҲǿУʩչһЩǺܴĵ
֪ǷΪѪΪķԣһһʮ֮һ޷ۣúͨ졣
֮ȱڴڵĹ𽥼٣ķ⣬ĵطұڸԣˡ
е⣬ǿֲ̰ǼĶũά֣ӿνǳԲ
ȻӵλѪȴһ֮ˣǿ˵ֻˡ


004 
Űݺվеʯڵ̯ϣʱϱһ⸲ǡ
һָԭģֻǿʯڵʯɢɫĻ档
Ϊ棬ǵ󷨣ȻЧ
뾪֮ʱ׵룬ȥǰѽ
˵ţָһųһѪ쳤ϡ
ӦһȥǰѪɫĳʱ
ô
ԣһСɵɫָһؼ
ܵϴаȴѡ
ʱѲΪγֻϣǱıǮ
ѪĽϣͻȻɢһ΢ĺ⣬ԽԽûڽڡ
û˲䣬ֻһаڡæ˫ۣתǿаа
֮ͷ亹ҿаӿĺ٣ٶһЩڵΪҪ鷳ࡣ
а壬ֻ޾ɱ¾
ٵطת׿ȥһɵĿԼʵףôˣ
üͷɻ˵ˣѽģû֮ûκηӦ
˵һ£һתǣղŵӣƺʹһѵ⽣ڻʲôܲɡڣûϸ˵ѽ˵еõԵ˲ʹá
˵һ˫ֱֱؿŶӣѵǸԵˣ
뿴׹ڽŵɫﰵʲôԵˣҵķղŸоҵϢӦˡ
ô룬¶֮ɫСʵףûأ
⡭
ԶӵʻҲ֪λش̾Ϣһʵ̫٣޷
˵ֻҪѽҽͷųǿҵѪ⣬ϲž
޹â߷Ĺâ̫޷ĵ
ʱӲʲôâҲûʹΪֻһͨĲͨľ޽ˡ
˿̲ףԭ״ԼǼǷʲô
ǰؼ
ѵ磬Ҫɣ
΢Ϊλǰĵأ
ţͺͿˣʵףʲô
΢΢һЦ谮ӵͷʲôԵѪ
˵о֣Ĵ
뿴¶ɫǰ͵еһЩʶ˵˳ֱֻǣľˮֱǣ硢ơ硢⣻ȻлһЩǧѼϡ˵ȡ
û뵽׾Ȼ֪ô̲࣬סʵףÿмʺأ
붼û룬˵ӵʺһޣָ̫٣̫̫࣬յٶȻһЩˣʶڵڵٵľˡһͲʺˣһҲ޷ͻڡ
һȴ⣬ǾǾ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôЦ˵ֱΪ˵ǰٶȿˣȴľˡеԭû֪
˵ֿӣֻһͬʺ
ûлش𣬶ǻζŸ׸ղŵĻȻǰ̫
ӳĬΪЩܣ˹һ¶ӵļ򣬰οû£ܱûǿö࣬ȳҪʮꡣ
һֱ£û常˵ʲôĲɵĵͷ
ףȻܲأ
뿴Ÿף¶ɫ
ʱȷʵһֱûнӴ֪ǰʲôͬ
ԥһ£ͷðɣȥԺҰһЩؼ㡣
ѵ˵ûҪʹʮ꣬Ҳа
ǰͬѾû޵ˣڳһˣ˵ʲôҲҪһ¡
ףĶܴȥ𣿡
ĿһķСʵ
ҡҡͷȻ˵УֻΪﵽԺ󣬲
˵֮ͻȻʲô룬ԣ£ǧܸκˡ
Ȼ׸׻е˼ͷףĺˣһᵽһ˵ĵطĵ
˶£ͷԱ뿪
ߵߣ𻺻óǿʯһ˵Ӱʧʯڡ
뿪ʯ˲䣬밵˵һɽڡ
ŶصĵֻҪ۶٣õƽڡ
紵Ҳһսֻ֪صʯ⡣
ȥ·ϣ˶û˵ԭ·ٵš
Ͼë£ɷͶӻЩŵʵô
ҡҡͷĻشУֻ̫ˣ޷
Ͼ겢δ¶ʧ֮ɫϲ˵ͺã˵Ӿأ
ͷϣ˰ɣ
ǺܴȻ㡣
˵֮ͻȻһʱӵϾ飬ϴҺ˵£㻹ǵ𣿡
Ͼһ㶣漴ͷȻǵˣǿɹϵҵδô롭
ɷʾ˼ǵ̸
ô㣬ɫеĺȻףæߵĶӵ밡ɫˣϢɣ
ͷĸ밲󣬱صȶ֮С
ĵǰŵطƾ
峿ڴ½ϣµһ㿪ʼˡ
ݸһ뿪˼ңڿũ
ؼмѣæؼ
ļ벻̶޷ĺÿϰ֮󣬶ȥѧ֡
Ͼȴʱȴѧһʱ֣ÿ춼һʱ̵롣
Ͼѧޣٽ̵һ󣬱˼̵Ϊ֪֣Ѿȫˡ
ҲϾΪȣϾǸʱ뻹ʮꡣܼǵ˶֣ͬȷʵټ
벻ţҲûйĿļЩֿӣǰ࣬Щǹġ
ǰһЩؼù׫дҲŬѧһѣеĹ֪


005 
󣬴ɽϵһƬڣ͸˵ʲô
Ƭ֣͵͵ĵطǿֱﻹҪࡣ
ӵĻΪȵʵ룬˵ǵǿ
ͬʱҲΪҵεĵطΪ⡣ǰڸɽתһҲҲϾһεɽ֮С
̧һ΢ɢذѸƵһ֮⡣
ף
һΪʵ𣿡
ͷЩʧ˵̫ôã۵ֻô
ֻҪ¶̫ԣ׾ᷢϵܡϵܸ߸ף뵽޵ߵУֻȼʮ֮һΪΪĸТ꣬뿪Ҵ壬׷
Ϊϧ˵ǰֻһʺԡ
һתȻ˵㣬һҪ˵һ¡
΢΢һ㶣׺˵ɻʵףʲô£
ʱͻȻ˵һ䣬ƲѵĻ룬ҲСˣҾ͸㶩װɣ
⻰¶һ䲻ɫףһС˵ǲе磿
ɫһûע⵽ӵɫȻôųɻ𣿡
Т޺Ϊ
ǰʱ⸸뿴õΡ
ڶ飬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ͼʮ꣬ǰ󣬼ǲ¡
ȻǰҲв˶ף֮٣ԺԲơ
Ÿһڴ֮ɫҲþֻܾõͷһӸװš
Ȼ¶Ц⣬룬ҲҪָףҲΪ롣Щҷһ⣬ΪЩûгһˣ쿴ӵҸȷǰ뷨ǶԵġ
ף˿һķͻȻãײ
뷨һ֣Ϊһ仰׵Ĵơ
°ͣ˵ûΪҵȱǳɻ̫
׵Ļʱεĸоʲô߼ɻӵʲôϵ
ûע⵽ɫԹԵ˵Һ׳ɻǹˣʮ㡣ʮߴ֮ǰɻһֱʮ֮ǰʮߴȱȴ׷˳ɻʱ䣬ֱһʮһ
˵̾ϢһЩϧ˵Ժҵȱɻһ㶼ʮԺ󣬿ʼΪɻ飬뷽跨ѰҵûҲİ취Ϊûг޵ߣĴÿ£ûйԸ޹
ԡ
˵ͻȻһתϣڶʮ֮ǰͳɻӡ
һΪʱͳɻ飬Ͼϰѣ
պŶ뿪ұǰȥڽĳҴ塣
Ҵұֻʮ·˲һʱڡ
һСϣٵ򼸼߷ȥ
˿Ҫ룬һ㶣漴Ц˵ϵܣʲô㴵ˡ
һߵ룬Сֶɣ
ͷ
òӦһ
΢΢һЦܹɺӡ
˵ţ߽ݡ
ڿһˣ˱Ȳ裬ϵܣҲˣ׻Ͳ˵ˣΪ£
ҲףһȲ裬磬㣬ΪȮ֮¡
ôͰǵ¸ˣ
Ŀһ룬ʵ
ԥһ£磬ǼҵӦҲ֪һЩΪԺܳһ޵ߣϣס
ûֱӴӦǺһڲ裬˼𣬶ŮҸͬĺء
һ˼ʱǴӦӣһ̸ɡ
Σ˵ϵܣʲôҾֱ˵ˡ
Էûһڻؾ֪»أϾϵ˵ҸȻܲʾ
ͷϵܣҾôһŮȻϣܹҸܱ֤ܲǼҹıȼã
⡭
һΪѣе˼Ȼףһʱ䲻֪λش쳣
ٴϣ˵ϵܾңЩҲһʱм˵ģ£ϵŮҸδˣܾʶ¡ԣϣϵܸһŮ޹ȥɡ
ĻԲҪŮҪЩƸ񣬵ǼóֵĶûС
һżɫ֪ĲóʲôҲˡ
ҧҧӻóһʯʯǵմ󷨵һ顣
ʯģϿҵ˵磬ʯΪϬ񣬷ΪϬ飬ͬ£ԸϬӭȢƸ񡣡
ϬһҵΨһϣϬȴϡ
ʯ˺ÿ⣬ûʲôʵԵôȴϵҽˡ
ʯûб⣬ֵǮĶڰڱɾ
ϬһΪ֪ܣǾԣþøӼ͡
ľһԺһĲħ޷Ҳ֮ߡ
Ȼˣ޵ߵűͨ˸߳ôࡣ
ɢɫâ񣬾ϲ֮ɫһѹĵļվ֣ƽ˵ϵܣӽ쿪ʼǾһˣԺҪ໥
һҲվһһ
֣˰¶ˡ
룬ϵܣȻˣСǵȼϸ˵ɻ°ɣ
췽½׵Ҫǰ࣬һ㶼ʮɻ飬ҲһЩģҲʮ֮
ϾӷıȽ磬һʮǰʮˡ
¶ֿ֮׵˵˼䣬վϵܣȻֶѾˣҲСŮɣ˼棬Ժʱһ飬ҿɲϣҼȥǼ
ɴ㣬ҡҡͷˣԺʱ䣬
Ҹ뿪֮󣬳ڴãתԺ
뷿ڣѩ׵ĳŮ죬һȻ˹ˣæӵվףôˡ
ڰ֣ʾŮ˵ҲڴߵһѺľϣ׽һ
΢΢һ㶣Щʵףʲô¡
ɻѣ״ûùԼ˵


006 
ûлش𣬶ǳ˼Ƭ̣ŰѸղŷһУԭԭ˵˳
ԼŮʲôҲסҪ֪ġ
һ㶣漴Ӧ˵ףô
ڳĸ磬һֱʮֳ谮ӱЩ
ĻʱһЩʱ˵ȥҲ첻
֪ŮƢȰ˵ǼϬƸҲӦ¡
üͷһ˫۾ףȻôϲϬ޸ˡ
˵ţ·ʲôЦ
֣
ʱҲЩˣɫһôܵϷ
׷Ҳ˵ͷŪ½ǡ
һʱŮ˶û˵
Ƭ̺󣬳ȴεգĸԭ֪𣿡
һĸ֮󣬱뿪ÿĸ£ῴȻû뵽츸׻ĸסÿ꿴˼ҵĺӶĸףﶼЩԹ޸ףΪǸ׺ĸס
ϾǸӣһֱΪǸûչ˺ĸףĸ֮ȥġ
֮ô룬ΪΪİºӶƽ£ĸ׳һ븸Ѳ˸ϵ
̾Ϣһ˵ұ֪֪ϸԭһᰲļ޹ȥģǸŮҲþûһ˵ˣ˽£ҾͰЩͨͨɣ
ĸԺ󣬲ΪѲҲ⣬
˵ҲһãȻ֮ɫȻ˽Ĳࡣ
ҲǴ֮ˣ̶̼仰뵽ܶ飬ףôΪ˵ĸ׵򣿡
ͷ˵Ժʶһ޵ߣ޵ǡ֪˵ÿʮڵĻᱬһΣȱ֮۹ʢήա
컨ӡ֤һŻձÿʮ걬ʱò΢ķһθı䣬ñǰƯλò˵ǣ¼ܼ
̾Ϣһε˵ΣΪĲòˡ
Ҳһ֮ˣ̶̵ļλ棬Լ
ɴҲԿԳĸ׵İ⣬һĸ߶ȡ
ף뵽ƽ취
Ÿף˵еĲ²⡣
ͷⴥ컨ְֻ취һ޵ԪԴͨǿл⣬һҵʯǰһַУ˵ʶ޵ߣ޵ߣҲ벻˼ң˵޵߸
ǵڶְ취أ
գ۾ʵ
΢΢һЦĴ֪һϬǾͰй۲ƽյȥ򣬹֣һʾһŮжӣԺԽΪ׼ҡ
صͷԭⶼǸһְźõģԼʲôϵ
أ뵽ʲôɫһ䣬Ÿףѵҡ
֪ŮҪʲô̾ϢһʱҾ֪ˣĸһ컨ǰʱòı䣬ȷʵʵҲˣʮԺǰƯ˲ٰɣ
ɫѿͻʵԽܣɾˣǲӦŻ£ȻףҲСӳɻ顣
˵ɫһ䣬æ˵ֲǲ֪ƽ︽ӵĺӶСӷȻû棬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֮ҲôҪǼ޸ӵЦ
ҲޣҲޡ
һ仰˵ȻȻ
֪ŮƢ˵飬ûءѾӦȥȻҲܣȰ˵ЩæȫΪ㣬ڸЩ۵ķϣӦ°ɣ
С죬¶һ޷̬ȣҿԿǣҲӦ
ĺȻԼֻʮ꣬α۱ˣŮʹࡣ
ȴû뵽һ㣬һֱΪŮǰӲŲӦѵû
һΣûһھܾ°˼
һյʱ䣬˾ףҿ϶޸ǸҲܾղŲ˵һʱĸ𣿡
˶٣¶һЦݣǺãҾͺ棬պ˻飬ɹֲˡ
⡭
ֻöͷһ亹ŮȻһע⣬ı˻飬ŮԺˡ
֪Ů﾿ôģŮĲԸ⣬ҲΪֻһ̾Ϣǰ̫ŮˣҲֲ
ʱķɿ죬תۼµһ˵ˡ
ÿҷǰµĴԣһЩĻ˴
ұᣬͬӶһھС
ֻ˿ǰȥŮ˱ڼҲһƣֻй˶ʮ˲ǰȥ
һ⣬ұŮʮ궼һβμĻᡣ
μᣬǰ㼤˵߸Զٷѡ
ұжֻ࣬ˣлһЩȥıʶǰμֻвˡ
øߴֺֻ꣬͸¶ŹӵϢ
Ϊשľʽɴźɡ
¥ʮߴṹǰ̽ǰһ׶࣬γɸ̵Ĵǣչɡ
¥쾮쾮ʯ̳ɡ
ƽﲻߣֻоٰ͵Ļ߻ʱڵ¸صĳ߲ܴŽ롣
ԵĿյϣֲһùԢŴ
ڣ˿Ѿ˲ЩٵģҲ½½ĸ˽
ǰмλãһһɣԼɵƽ̨
ƽ̨ĺľϣߺһӡ
мӣԽұεĴ峤ȻҲ峤
ұĳϣ峤һͬڵĴ¡
ڱûʲô£Ҫ˵£Ҳͷأսá
׸սãһߣȻ󣬵ɼ
ƺϰߣҲ˵ŶӵΧһλ¡
ڣȺľۼһ˵Ц
ûһǰ븸˵Ǹˡ
ˣֹ˰ʱһصõϿգ㿪ʼˡ
Խؿһ죬Ҵȫˣӭλĵ
棬һ븸·һһδ


007 
Խ̧һѹƣ˵ȣһ档
˵ţԱ˵нӹһˮǰڵĵϡ
ĻģԽ·һ㣬˵ǧʷ
ȵԽ˵꣬һơһΣҲʶĹ
棬űڣǰ
Խʱ䣬ٴ˵
ڶǴӳڷѸ߼ģǰŻһΣҲˡ
ǰ쳣ḻұһͬʣÿõķ˶ͬ
УƽٳԵļ⵰һĽӺԲ
ЩˣǰĳϦҹҲǳЩ
Ϧһʹһ
Ϧ֮ҹΪ֡١
һĨڣǻ߰Сӣ𣬶һһطˣķŴ̺Ѥ̻׵һֻŶ䣬ԶԶ̽ӵ㣬СŶ䣬Ŷֽصȴš˾ʹ˵ͷҲܼǵá
Ϧ˼ǡ꾡ǶҪɲ£о˶˼ũȫһϡʴڼĻΧųɲ£Ϊġ
ұǰǰΪֻͬǾۼһԷˣһͥһӡ
ǰľ̾Ϣһڵĳǰʢķ˿ɲʲôʱܳԵġ
ǰԽٴվһ꣬ѵʮ꣬һҲǳˡԺǵð︸ĸ£ΪһЩףҴδҪ
һϯν˵Ѫڣ궼ȭͷԺΪס
ɫƽޱϲ·峤Ļûһ
Խ˵ұĺӣСϰϰߣЩҲ˲̳ٮٮߣ˼˵ص컢˻ᣬԱԡ
峤Խһ飬ܿ˼Ӹͣһ˺һĵ֮ɫ
ӣȴǰйһ֮Ե졣
һСӣյʮꡣ
ɿνѧţССͱһ
ͬУνǳͣ޵֣һϲ
ҲλᣬöӺúýѵһ´ġڳͷ
Խ΢΢һЦϣʵ㿴Σ
ڣɢ΢Ĺâ˵߶븸˵ϡ
˵ɫвͬΨһͬǶһϷı顣
վ峤Ҽûѧϰ书ܵйӣ
ԽȻĵͷǸ˵ҵǰˣм壬йѵܺһѧϰ书
һ٣漴¶һЦô꣬δһ޵ߣڴ׳԰׺ȣΪǲҶԸ𣿡
ɫһֲԤУȴû¶ǵɫ峤⻰ʲô˼
ŶԷʮʵҺͱļͥһʲôʱ׳԰׺ˣ
ԽһЦʵȻ⼸ˣǰأûа׳԰׺ȣ
Խ˵ԽߣȫûаþõػصõϿա
ŭŶԷһһٵʵô
Խƺ˺ƤȻ˵ǲ޵ӦöҡүʹļӱԼ£ô
֪ȥһᱻˣһڷϵУûѧ书ǵĶ֡
еȭͷǵĶӵİΣȥѵһ峤ˡ
Խһűӵɫ˵ų̂ô֪أ
˵˲Уѵ峤ǿ̨𣿡
ƺ¶ľģٴظ
ԽƺûзŹ˼ͱ˵˵ɲ㣬ҡүҲϣҲϡ
˵ʱ򣬹үּе˼Զ뵱һ
޵ߺͷ֮䶼һң޵߿ˣҲͬ߸ϵ޵ߡ棬ͺٺҴĴҲѪ̫ұĴ£һЩƽԹŭ
ٴξܾ峤ʱӵףҺǱһ°ɣֻǱԣǲ˵ҵġ
̾Ϣһ֪Ϊ룬Ը⿴ǼҺұ˺ƤһĻ
ҲΪ룬ұ֪Ѿ¡
Ͼ˽꣬ͣһĽ׶Σ޷Ȼǰ˱Ķ֡
ףһԣˣߺܻܿȫ̱ĸױʱ򱻴ˣչʮȥˡ
֪еϵʱ̨䣬ǿľܾˣҲұ˹ϵԽԽ񻯡
δͷԽ㼥㻹˼ʮˣȻûСӿÿֻǵıԣҶӾġ
󼸸֣ɤΧһЦ
ﰵ̾Ϣһû뵽ᣬȻֵô󣬿̨ԣǾưոݡ
뵽ӣһ˿ĵɫ˵룬ҪǴ򲻹ǣǵ̨̨µ㡣
ͷ¶һĵɫףĺˣҲ¡
еϵ˼ô
ұˣιѹ𣬺Զ̧֣βˡ
Ƭ̺Ѿһ̨ףƽ̨ϡ
뿴һͬ꣬вûϴˣЩʧĵףȥˡ
ڶӵƽ̨¡
ĸ룬ƴҲҪߡ뿪ұԶ
ǣ뿪ұܳȥ
һգѧʣ½ϼ˶书ˡ
ƽ̨ϵӣһŮͷкһĲмȻûа
ŮĴ룬뿴Ϊĺӣǲͬ
ƽ̨·վһԣʲôҲû˵
ɺһ漴һתϳɵĶԽһ񣬡峤дνУ
Ժдûʲô˱书
ʵԺд治һ壬ֻ֮򵥱ȱȣдȴʵԵĽ
Խɵʻ⣬ͷȻѾˣǾɺдһ°ɣ
ǣ峤
ɹ˵
վһߣŮ΢ɫ˲Լͬ¶һϷЦݡ
˶֪ɵУֻҪһ棬ͻᱻڵء
Ŀһۣɫ˵ȶְɣ
ƣһֵ̳ķ緶
󣬵Ȼ˵Ȱɣ
ǰĺӣʵûȤȳ֡


008 
һ仰˵˶ʧЦ
Ц󣬵ָ룬޼ɵ˵ЦˣʲôңҿзҲŶԡ
ǿ벻ǷԴĺܣûѧϰ书ÿöԷȳ֡
ûδЦ꣬˵һ䣬Ҫǲ֣ȳˣ
ǹ˵ĻԼŭԷźҳ
˵֮һֵƣĿɡ
ѾģҪ빥ʱһڴϰϡǣֻ˹ƣûгֹ̲סʵڸʲôΪʲô֣
üͷ˵ڿûҵôֿ϶Կ
󣬼ɱ˵ĳ嶯ƿڴ쵰׳հ㵱ʱ̳д𣿻ʲôʲô㿴Ͽ֣ҾͲˡ
˻òˬԽǿ룬Խĳ嶯
һɻȭٵؿڳȥ
˿ƴһȭδѧ书Ͷܲˣͬʱ¶һϷɫ
ƽ̨µȴż֣󺰵룬
ǰ벢ûгֵֵҲû㣬ǡ׳աƵתȥҴʵף˵ʲôҸղû
һͻȻˤڵء
ͬʱɵĹҲǰԭһȭӦؿڣΪͻȻˤһȭգƶ廹޷ֹͣ
ֻǿһԾȥ
˫ʶһ̧ǡߵɵСϡ
˲٣Կ֪롮⡯һߣڵ˳ȥ
еĹ켣ȴŲԶһɫٶȲûһЩ
죬Ҳ֮壬ڹ̳֣޵ߣ޷
ٶ̫죬̫Ȼɻûײ֪
ȻһЩ޷ڿǿתֹֻͣĿײ
ͬʱҲ˱ײ׼˫ֱͷӼΪǱ
ԭ˶Ϊһȭضܴ룬ûͻıʣڵļҲԮ
мˣȵŴͣ¶һŵɫ
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ʱͻԵĲʡ£žһˤڵϡ
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ݺݵسһۣٵܵߣڻƽȣƤ⣬ûд󰭣ŰһԵ̵ĺöӣ²ôˡ
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Ҳ֪˵ĲȥᣬѪģ˫ֻѪȥûж˵
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꣬벢û̫뷨
ϣһûݣûѣҲûʲôȥĵطʶ˹ʱȥҿ⣬ʱ䶼ڼﰲٶȱǰ࣬ģϾֻʮꡣ
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ˣȴ𲻵⣬΢Щǣұ峤Խ
Խ߽ݣһ۷ĵһڣЦʵ죬ʲôӦװɣ
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ԽҲϻһɨҡүƽ̨ɣɣ
￩һ£Ļˣ϶ʱ¶֮ɫ峤⻰ʲô˼յ´Ҷۿǲⲻ˵˰ɣ
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ԽһȻ׶ԷûѹҲӲСұɵ似᲻ʹײϣҲֹǶϵء
Ѿ֪峤⣬峤ûʲô£ذɣǼСݲ񡣡
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Խ˵һߵϣؾó֪ġ
ϣʱͷųһȫʩγɵѹ
⣬Ͼ궼ɫ԰׵˺
ͷֵȻ峤һǰǾûаָˣ˵ˣһؾ
˼꣬Ȼ֪δ£һõ峤˵ȥ峤Ȼˣô
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ԽʱһսоͷŵϢ̼ɢӰ٣㡭롭ô
ȻЩ
ٴΰӴ˼֣ԽЩѣ΢Цʵ峤ҲǴˣǲ⣬Ӧñɣ
Խ֮ȷʵûиˡΪô㺢ӣ̥м
ǰȷʵΪҵĵΪǰȥ֣ǡһյӣǾͱԿ뷨ȥˡ޵һԣӻϧֻһϵʺ
ڣԽһңҰһЩǴд衣
Խλᣬǲ
ûУǾ֤ǼҺӦһ޷
УǱ֤ҶڵõԺҲ
ΪȷЩ£ԽνĻ˴ѵǮʶһڿ޵ߣҴ֪һЩ¡
ĸûӵеļʲ֮һ
ĸȻӵУһʺĶ
ĸӵеļʲ֮һ
飬϶С
׵ϣһ㶼ǻϡȻҲпֻһ֣ʲٷ֮һ
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ĻԽھ޴ѹ֮£ʶصͷǵģֻһ⣬ҡ
Ͷ˼£ȴһҲ˵
΢΢һЦ峤ģӦûкܶҪɣ
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ԽֻһͷǾǿ뿪һҲ붺
ǰΪĺӣʵ̫̬ˣͷƱ
ߵſڣͻȻ峤Ϊ˲鷢һһ£ϣûе֪
߳ңԽԱߵһͣĴϢšֱ˿̣ĸоɪɪ


009 ľ
ʱ׾Թ϶֪Уֹ˰ꡣ
ʮǳӵ䣬ÿķӣ˿⣬Ҳһ仯š
ȫⱩǣ˵˧Ƿһֺĸо
֮⣬ΪҲʵĽչͻڵƿﵽ˹ڣȭҲڼǰںϡ
ȭǾˣһֵľǿĹ£Ϊľмɢ
ȭһǵȼգ
ǹ죬ȻԵӣÿһΣɱӡ
ȻˣͳջǰĵʹӸõĵںһ˵ҲɣԽǻϵ޵
Щż͸µؿ⣬ʱ䶼ɽ
ǰʱ˼κ󣬱ûú֮ʵûʲô˵ġ
ڸĸѹ£ÿҲȥҼΣһ𣬴ʱ䶼ɽɢ졣
˵ĹϵûʵԵĽչǰһ䲻ȡ
˽꣬û飬ɼ
ۿһ쳤ͳ֮䷢ʲô
򣬳ҵʱ˻飬߲Ը޸룬ȥϱ
ǰԽӾȻͻһ㡣˷֮£һֻ֮Ҳܴ򿪵ľݸ롣
룬ȥҪúо鼮͵ʲôĵطҲȥ
ͷһľ䣬оȥˡ
һо˰£췽½޵Ҳһ˽⡣
Ķ࣬Щıʣ޼
ľһɸߣɿԺȴʧ
ľĵһֻм鼮֮⣬ʲôûС
鼮ݣ뿴ԺΪƣЩָǸƽһЩ֪ʶгʶ
Ȼڶ㣬ȴһ㲻Ľ磬ӵйڵΪɵıˡ
ڶУһн׷ɢļŷ䣬ЩҲǳˮƽû̫ļֵ
Щû˷ܣ˷˷ܲѵǣȻһ鼮
鼮ȷʵãл˼ҳõȴýζ
췽½ʽǰ࣬ھѭ죬ֻʩչĵͬǰĵȽϵһ÷ɱɱȥûз䣬Լ󷨡
췽½ĵνǧ򻯣ֻҪӵкʵؼ
Ȼÿĵһޣָʲôͬʱ
ⱾƵ鼮ڵڵĵãںȴһδᡣ
ΪߣʵндΣȻûʲôмֵĶ
뿴Ƶ鼮󣬴ΪʧԭһЩмֵĶϢ¿ˡ
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ںĵʹ£ҲںСİһҳӱ߽˺
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ȻǷ䣬ʲô
ͻȻһϢŵ૵ѵǷ
췽½쳣ֻʵﵽڵ޵߲
ҪʹñΪҪڵ뵽֮УνһԪʽ
ɺʹ߿ԺΪʹմﵽһ޵Ҳʹá
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ϵһֻĲӥӥĿ·ʱƷ
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뿴ŷɻ˵鼮˵ϵĳֵͼԭԭѵķǰͬҲɷ𣿡
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֨ѽһſˣ˽ڰŪͭ밡ʲô𣿡
һ̬ķŪһ£ûʲôͦÿԺȲˡ
ͨɫϵżķţñƾ˼ӵϢ
ֻһ亹޵ʹõķȻȲ衣ҪЩ޵֪󣬲֪᲻ɱˡ
ڷҲǸӣõĻᴫȥ
΢΢һЦʾȰеķ£룬жʱûȥ˰ɣ
İѱӷͷмˡ
𣿡
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ȷʵƯʮԺÿһ꣬ɫҪ֣ʮԺѾԶΪĴŮġʱ䣬֪ȥףÿһǰȥʱ֡
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Դӽ빮ԺԸоٶҪǰٶٴͻˡΪˣУ˳Էµ⣬ʱ伸жȹġ
뿴ܲʵĿһЩ
ˣȫѳԺҪѣÿҪȥһεŵԸˡ
΢΢һЦΣû£Ҳǹˣ¼ÿ춼η꣬·ŢæҲûʲôˣ·ҲһЩ㻹ǹȥɣһ¸飬µʱ򣬰ǵĻ¸ˡ
ꡭͰˣ
Ŵͣʧ֪ɻһЩ㣬Ҳû뵽ô磬Ͼδʮꡣ
ô𣿡
ɫһЩ˵Ҳģôһ죬㣬ҺЩӡ
֪ǶӻŮأھűӣǲˡ
Сֹһ䣬ɫһĿԼæתƻ⣬˵ǣھȥҴ壬ҳȥ
뿪䣬һʵ̫ˣ޲Լھͳɻһ


010 
ʣơ
ڸ׵ѹֻٵȥԼδޡ
ȻͨҴ·ϣؿ·ߵľɫͳ˵ЩʲôҲǵҪıʱ򣬱ϾԺҵӡ
˼䣬ЦҡҡͷʱͻȻ·ߴһԼԼۿȥÿҴĴڴһѾԵӡ
ȫѪϢ΢ƺʱȥ
һֱֻ۲֪ʲôϣ˿ڴѪȪˮһӿ硣
һֲԤУһߵӵԣԷ˫ۿæӵ壬Ҵ巢ʲôˣ
ʲô£ľȻ˸ɱˡ
·ûӡҲûд߹ļӦòɽ˺ǿ
ǳ⣬ʲô˸޼ɵĶɱأ
ѵ
뵽΢ܣЩ˼˾ɱҪȥҡ
˵ȫһϢȫޡ
˹Ȼʵ֪ǿԺ󣬲û˵ʲôǰȥԮĻ·˿뿪Ƿ֮ء
һЦǺߣȥĪıʡǳڴ۷ʲô£ȥ
վ뿴һǰĳҴ壬ٵ˹ȥ
Ҵ壬ļ
˿̣վӣһ˴һۣȺվ˵Աߡ
ˣվǰͲʮͷһĽ·ʾݡ
վǺܺˣһߴ硣ɫޱ飬Ǵ֡
һյϣϰҴĴڵϡ
·ò϶ٶЩˣм˴ڻ״̬Ϣ΢
Ȼڱ֮ǰܹһ󶾴
վǰŭˣλүʲô˼
·꿴һ۵ϱĴЦŶԳ˵壬ѵû˵ŷİ·𣿡
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ɫһԷѾ˵⣬ҪǾܾҴɸ˺
ŷ˭Ȼ֪ڼû٣ȴ쳣
ԶĶԣƽаŮ޶
иĸף޼ɵż̳ĴεƯŮˣϷ֮ǿаռ
зߣ߿˲˳۵ˣ˵ɱ
ŷ챾ϰһտգǵΪ
˵߻һ޵ߣΣѣǿгʱԱǡ
֮˺εȰ֮ԸŷߣȻΪŷṩҪĵҩʯ
޵ҲԼĴ·һ֣Ϊͬûķˡ
븻˼ң࿴һ
ʱΣŮǰĴȻһҪŮȻ
ã̾ϢһţȥСŮ
֪Ůгŷ·ҪŮ֮Ҳȫɱ鴫ȥ躰ŮɣŮӺſܡ
ֻеĳˣŷ߻һ޵ߣ޵ʯɢ£Բڵķ紵ݶһ
ŷȻɫʲôӵܣһȥӣЦ˵壬һȥСֶЩģһҲ·ҪǺãӺһȥɣ
￩һ£û뵽ԼͼԷֻҪͷӦðɣ
ŷһߵͷ˿ٵ߽䣬ڳķȥ
ſˣ˽ȥߣȴ˻С
æʵףô֣ʲôˣ𣿡
΢΢һЦ򶨵˵ûУһ㡣
ߣʱҲ˳òɫ΢΢һ㶡
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Ȼתó߶΢΢һ
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Ӱ΢΢һٶȿľˣһ̱˳ϣֻһѵǰԭߵذףͻȻ򳯳ؿڴȥ
ɫ԰ףȫ޷ıذ׹·ߣֻĿذһ̽ؿС
ؿڵһ˲䣬ѷ˵ֿתĳ뿪ǡ

ذûؿڣȫһΣʹĵڵϡ
ؿڣѪٵȾߵĵ档
һڳһɨ֮
ԴӸŷ֮ѾϰɱˡղŻɱûһУЩ⣬ƺɱѾΪһȤ
ʱŴӸղŵıлʶĺʧǣʲôˣ
ûг֣Ҳû÷ڿΪĶΪ֪ǰ߾֮ɱףҲû˿ãöԷһŭ֮°ɱˡ
΢΢һЦǼү㣬㲻ҪģôƯүˣ˵С檣ܱƧǿöࡣ
һŲڳؿڴԭδذףذװѱҲûڡ
德˼£㵹ѪУϢȫޡ
һһţɿķڵľ棬Ǽү˭
ȥ֪ˡ
΢΢һЦ򷿼ȥųܣҲܡ
ȷʵûܣ֪ܸûãӴӣڸѾ𽥱ϡ̧֣طĿ˫ۣվȥûذףΪ֪ذҲûá
һ̣ޣȴûп޳
޲ܽ⣬Ϊױ
ǳ߳ǰΨһ뷨
ڿһˣ֪ǻڷ⣬ûн
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ŷòӢͦΣһ֮һЦ޾֪ŮΪղŵĶ
ûǰ£ЩĶ˿ֻ޾ɱ⡣
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˵⻰ŷҲһơǰƯŮˣͰʲô¶׵һߣʱ˵ĻЩα


011 
ŷĻ󣬳һ񣬵λү棬ѵҲֶ𣿡
ڣѾˣһʱһʱɣ뵽ˣһ
ͻȻһӰǱ롣δɷˣȴû̫ĸоһʱ䣬ҲôΣʱ䶼ڳĬ֮Сʱ룬ҲЩĪ
ŷ΢΢һЦû˵С㣬úүҾŷ죬ˡ
һֱڼժŷ飬⸱֪ʲôһŭŶԷ
ŷڳõϲߣʱʱĵͷȻ紫˵òɡ
ͷתһߣȥӴŷߣ˵ŷӣô
ûгƺԷ֣ĳƺ
С㣬ʵҲô
ŷ˦һͷĳóһȣǰɿ£֮£ǵ˵ΪãЩ֣ҿԽھ뿪
ؿŷһۣನÿⱻһȺˣɫȻһŷӣҿ԰ĻȥǳҴĴھ͸ҷˣõֻһ߱ʬ塣
ɫᶨĿȻ
ŷ˵˼ˣǻ磬һӣĵǼûСǰǷˣվʲô
󣬿ٵһȺĴȥ
ӶֻӰϵΪء
ͷŵĴͷŭҪ֣߳ȴ˹壬ǿ뿪ɣҪζˣֻܺúõȥ
Ȼƽе˼ףǺúõĻȥܱ
̾Ϣһ漴ȥߵʱ˶ݣǸΪǣԸԼŮ
˾ʹдҲᣬЩŮԼ
ȥ֮ŷҲ¶Է˵ţûҵķԸκ˲׼롣
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˵
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ʦǷ˶޵ߵƣ޵ߴ඼뷲һ
еʦΪߣֻʩչһЩ򵥵ĵ
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ֵΪسɳߣǴﵽڵ޵ߣɵա
һŷǰȴøո˫ĳȲѡȻ֪½һЩص޵ߣȴû뵽ǿеĵȴ˵뵽ղŷһУԭɫʱȥ
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ŷһ£ʦҲһ߰ɣ
Ůȴûһ˿ԺǰŮᲢۣȻ֪ǾѳߣȥԺһС檡
ðɣ
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Կ϶ֻҪٶһ£ǹϢˣԥ֡
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˵Ϊ࣬ԲŻӦ˴˵ʶ̽顣
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ʦҲŷƯŮӣ洦ˣŵ
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ɫδ䣬ж˶٣˵Ȼ㲻ִ£ҪҪĶŷ쾡쵽
ȵŴͣΪδôͻȻʦ
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ڳһɨЦҪвУ
ŷΪүʲôĳûǿ϶ҪõΪһ仰֣ʦѾܸˣ㲻ʶ̧٣ҳ̫ݡ
ΪԷССͣʹһʦΪҲ߲ȥ
ֱ˿̣ŷ컹Ϊʦ˵ԷΪ࣬ΪһʦΪУŹ˵дʡ
ʦɫһ䣬֪ŷ˼˵ȴԷ˵Ȼˣȥɣ


012 ս
صڷڣӰһ˲ڳǰְѳڻȻһȭŷǰȥ
ΧĿʱȫʩչĻȭ֪
ʦӦ죬ʧʱһŷǰ
Ӱ֣ʦ㿴ӭȭͷ룬Ӵзȥһ׷Ҵٵֵ
׷ԶԸģȭһӳٵĳ飬ڿһתǰȵڵϡ
˿̣Ҫѣ˸ס
ʦ֪˶ԷĵﲻЩŭŶ׷빥ȥ
ⶥ׷һȺɫʯţķģڹߵ£ɢŽɫĹâ
ʯż㳤ֱһɸߣɿͣ
ʯţͻȻͺһֽȭȭͷ֮
ǰһ΢΢һ𱻻ֵȭͷʯϹȥ
һӴȭͷ·ʯ֮ϣ޷
˵ĹȻսҲʱý
ֻҪ˭Ĺͣ£˲ˣⳡԭ򵥵սĳ־ս
빮ڵΪҪʦ࣬ʶʦѡƴ
ĴһģһɫĴǰʦҲ֮СӣȻҲ֪ΪôʹﵽڵΪҪ֪޵֮սͬһȼ£ܻʤ
𣿡
΢΢һЦżĺɫû˿֮ɫ
ʦһͻȻʲôδü֤ʵ㵹˳ȥһѪ˳
УȭͷԳֵʯţֻžડһƳʯϡ
ţʯűԼٶȶΪأڵϣ졣
ǷĴû֧źʶǣҲڵϡ
һţɫһ˲СƴСС
ʦһ۱Ķ׷һʹȻķҲࡣ϶Ϊķɫһ䣬ŵʵ
ȻҲû뵽ԷȻһ似
ϰĽΪ书޵Ľ򱻳Ϊ似
书似֮Ŵ̫𣬻Ȼһࡣǰֻʩչȴںڵ
书ںϵ൱ѣû޵Ըôʱȥں似Ϊһ㡣
ˣнлʹ似ָֻһЩߣʩչ޴似ݻٱķͷ
ʦΪԷͷһЩǣĹϾͬ׷Ҫȷࡣ
û뵽ԷȻ᲻似ʩչ൱
Ҫ֪似޵ߣŴɣеɢ޾Ե
ʦȥߵѪֵѣǲԣҵȥ
ѾǸԷִ֣ʹƴȫҲҪŷ˳뿪û£ŷˣ˼޶ҲԻˡ
ŷһɨ´ٿ·ͷ㡣
Ӱڿ£ʧڳҴڡ
Ҵ壬һƬСڡ
ɿĳʵղţΪʲôɱǣ
Ȼ֪ΪһΪĳҪɱˣ˵ѡ
һʣһ㶣شͻȻѪһӿһЩ˳
ղŵսռϷ磬һ̣׷ѵʱ䣬һɲĳڡ
֮ûȭԿ׷뿴ķмֹ
Ȼõ˽ҲЩˣڵƲأֻҪָܻ
ǸоǹɲڣѪҲͷˡ
ѪһңԣԲҲ֪ˡ
ԼûимȻ
ڰ֣ȥߵѪף²ˣԺһʵġ
Ȼ֪ŷ֮ӣԺͼ࣬ܵɱǣһ֮
ĻﲻһůмĿǰδ򣬡룬ҡ
ʶ꣬ûеĳƺʱ˿̣ҲЩ⡣
ȴֱ˿̣ŸоԭһɷǶôҸ
ȻɷδڳѾȫԼ׵ˡ
ת߰ɣ뿪
ûߣղѪȻ˽޵ߣҲףȻѪضˣæʵ룬㻹Ϣһ°ɣ
ҡҡͷϵ˵УǱ뿪Ȼǿ֮ӣĲ϶ڶʱڲǵݡ
ȥԺҪ͸ĸ˵׼һ£뿪ұ
ûжһ£촽˶˵룬ܲܵһ¡
üͷʱʲôõȵģҴķˡ
Ȼԥһ£ͷ˵룬ҪѸˡһ뿪֪ʲôʱܻ
˵֮ɫࡣ
밵̾ȻһТ˳ŮʱòİΣȥĸס
ǰΪԭͰ飬ﵽʱʧȥһУѾ޷ء
һȻˣ;Тİɣ
뵽뿴϶ƵĿԼ˫Ǹһֳĸоһذѳ§ڻĺ󱳣ţҴӦ㣬뿪Ҵ壬Ǿ͹ȥ
ҧ´ʵ룬лл㡣
ΪԷһУͰ顣
ۣǰδˣмףΪԼһõĹޡ
ԭڳɻԺκãڣԺĺ
ʱ󣬳ҴһƫƧСɽǰͳվһ·ǰ
ۣŸװĵطʵ˵ףŮˣ㲻ҪģչҺҵġЩˣŮҲɱǣҰǵͷ­Ϊ졣ףҡ
˵󣬳Ѿԡ
ȻȻתȥϵۣ룬߰ɣ
ͷ֪ʱѾѸղŵıٵذѳڻһұķֱȥȫʩչٶȿľˣӰڿһ£ڰ֮⡣
ұ峤Խͷһеӭ͡
ˣǴӳҴ߷߶ŷʦ
£뷿ŵʱ򣬸˲ɱˡ
ɱ£û˿ԥ
ΪһߵϣӦ˳ʹߵϢ
ŷмһѰѩľϣԽһɨ峤˵ĺһһЩ׷ܼǲģǣ֪ҵֶΡ
ԽŷһۣʱоâڱҲŷŷӣôƭأǧȷܶ˶֪
ûж׷Ҳûס


013 
ŷ˵ߵʦʵҵҲˣ͹ȥɣ
Խȥѵһˣǿ˵ŷӣҪȳԵ㷹ＸƯŮӣǲȿ
ʦ֮ɫһһ޵˵ֻЩܿۡ
ŷʱ¶һЦݣţҲãȳԵ㶫Ȼ󡭡
˵ͻȻʲôһת峤ǴӸû޵ߣУǳҴĳƽʲôߵĽ
Խ￩һ£ŷôͻȻ£һŭӣѵʱ۸ˡ
룬Խ⸽ûʲôвŷˣ˵ŷӣӸûɽֵ޵ҲƽߵĽˣҪȥ˼ˡ
ŷɫһ䣬򵥵ķһ£ôΣ㣬Ǹǲһʮ߰Ķӣ
˵ţӴŵһ¡
Խ⣬֪ôˣŷŭԭǺСйϵǣŷ·ôͷСӡʱöʣȴͼӴ׵ȷʵСӣƽŵĲˣǷ˷
ߣ
ŷһԱߵķֻΪľмȷʵŵʱҿôš
ԽһɻĿŷ죬׶ԷΪ˵ĪĻ
ʦȴһӣʹ÷ûаնԸ
ŷһҪеĶӻóһĺɫУˣʲô취һСӸɱˣУѾͷһ֪ôɣ
ڣŷڳҴʱʦһֱҲᡣ
һŷнڿνǼֵǡ
ŷĸҲǺķ˾޴ŵõôһţƽŷ챣ܣؼʱ̾ʹá
ʦޱȼĽӹȴûκɫҪʹ÷ȴһֱûлᡣ
Ҫ̫ߣ޵ߣһӶûʹùһΡ
ɴ˿ɼһŷ޵ߵж
ʱһļС
첢ûǺһθӰϲ¡
̸˷֮ȴ峤˽
Խ۵ʱ￩һ£峤ʲô˼
ŷһЦ˵һԽĶϣӵӵСȻүҿеŮӣүһҡ
Խ񵹷˳ȥѹӲڵϣһѪʲôˣ
ϾһУæܵɷǰ
û뵽ԷһžͶ֣ǹӸһŭƺһ
ŷһţŭŻһЩЦҪˡ
Խɫһ䣬ŭ峤һһٵʵǴģ
峤ԽʱҲھ£ͷϵҰǴģǼҲвٷؼ𣿡
һĿߵʦ˵ʦһ޵ߣǼҵؼͷˣóҲ֮顣
һЦ֮飬˵̫û˰ɣΪһ֮ʲôʱ֮飬Ȼˣǿжȡ
Щؼģڽֿ˵ʲôҲύԷǻİɣҲѶ㡣
ŷһȻҾͳȫ㡣
ӰһԽǰȭʱȥǿԽؿڣԽ嵱ͷ˳ȥײǽϣѪȾ˰ǽڡ
һȭŷɱ̺֪
ɱԽŷ쿴Ͼ꣬ѷؼóҲɱһˡ
˿̣ڳҴŭȫͷ˵ϡ
Ͼ꿴ɷ̼䱻ɱ綼޹⣬ûŷĻٵߵɷǰԥײǽϣ廬ɷߡɷˣҲû˼ˣΨһĵľ롣
ŷ΢΢һ㶣û뵽ϾȻɱԭ֣ǿ𲻻ύɱԷסϾꡣΪΪŮھֵʱΪҲõֵĶ󡣿ǣû뵽һ
Ȼ˶ˣŷҲڶ˵ѷһ飬Ҳؼڷڡ
ʦͷҪ򷿼ȥüͷͻȻһ壬ˡ
֪ʦеָ˭ŷȴ֪ԭƽϣʱ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ãʡǻȥ
ŷȭͷ˵
ұеһС·ϣųٵϻء
һ·ϣĬԣƺ˼ʲôҲǾţû˵
ߵҰڣٴθоʦϢһãһѱסеĳʩչֱȥ
Ӱڿһ£ʧûгһ
ԭ꣬˿ǡþһɫŮʱǰ䣬ȴȰʧ
һš꣬۾ŵ˵첨ûɣǸղôһգ۾ûأ
첨ҲһȣɻҲ֪Ҳǻþɣ
Աߣһ΢Щ꣬϶˵ǻþǵʱֵ˵һȥǼ˵ˣ´Σһ˵Ƿ̨ˣУɳʱ϶ѡ㡣
Ҳеף첨ʵĴ磬˵Ϊʲô
Ŀͳʧķһһٵ˵Ҹҿ϶Ǹѧ˵
˻һŴͣһôܡı顣
Ӱڼǰʱ򣬵Ϳǽǵĸĸ˿ȫѪϢȫޡ
ų֣ͻȻɿˣԺȻһ
ĸˣȻɱˡ
ʮȥǰȫѸĸˡ

һ򷿼ڵŷˡ
˿̣ͷųӴһɹ۶ɵˣϯ
ʦӰһ˵ǰͬͷųһӴƣǿطסе˹
˫ͨ죬ʦˣ֮죬Ǳ
һ˵ʱӰһʦǰ
δʦӦȻȭȭȵˣʦǰ
ʦﾪѣ˽ľ룬޷ʩչطӰһѵĶܿ
ʹˣʦؿڴĵۣǱմһȭͷСĿպڵƤɼ
ʦԥеͺһ𡣡
𣬿нһһâǰ졣
ɵ
һӰڿһǰ
Էʹ÷ҪʱڻɱЩѶȡ
뵽ͷҲصĶĳ㵽ȥСɽң﷢ʲôҪ


014 ɱ
Ȼ΢΢һ㶣һĵĻͷڶǵСģҵ㡣
˫ȫգŭĿŷһۣŲʵȥ
Ϊĸ𣬵ȴ֪ʱʲôҲﲻϣֻܰѹƣӰ쵽롣
˿ǣ޹ңԷһսˣûսһΡ
һȫµѪҺϱһɻɫĻţ·һˡ
ǰڿеķ벻Ϊǿֵܵһīн׷УĿ£ϵķŴ󣬵ֱﵽһߺͣɢɫĹâ
ʦԭóʲôǿķ߷ǰĴʱ֮ԱǵΪ롯н׷ҲܺҵķɵԲ
һɵһָָķ򣬳
ֻлâһǰٶȿνǿľˡ
ǿĹ֮һٶȣʹ˸Ҳ˵塣
뷨ǰİĿ£ȥ
žણ
һâӴֱƲ
밵ľȻ뿪н׷ǰûеֵ֮
ǰҪǰ벻òԣʹ֪϶ˡ
ȭ
ϣɫĻȻһ䣬תΪɫ
ɫ棬Ȼɫ¶ȸ߳ΧƺҲҪȼž졣
ȻһһŰɫ棬ֻǱȻɫ¶ȸ߳ࡣ
ϸȥȴְܷɫİɫ϶ɡ
һִףһǳףһֻҰס
ʦɫһͣŵѿڶȻ𣿡
޵Уϵĺ࣬඼𵱳ɻϵ߾硣
ʮּѣûмʱ䣬޷ɹǰСӣȻˡ
𣬾Ȼȼ˵һЩӲʯҲڶʱڻ
һڵһֱӶӭ˷ķ
䣡
ȭͷͷһӴ㴫һ죬Ӵ˹Ϊģӿ
ǱӵĵطλǱӣ̼仯Ϊĩ
ڵǿȫս֪
ʦվŷԽǰΪǵֵסˣ»Ϊĩ
ҲӴ£ʧ˵嵱¶֮¡
ΧٴѾ½뿴﾿ʲô
ҿЩûнۣԶԶĿţ˵ĳ£
꣡
³һѪ嵹ɶڿһѵڵϡ
֮뵥ϥڵϣԻɳ
󣬲ſվһȣһѪ˳
һˣӵеǿ󹥻ȷʵ޷⡣
˿̣ʦҲܣһȭƼ򵥣нϵѪҲһӿǷΪֵ˴룬һУҲѪˡʹûѪɫҲ԰ֽϾƷʱʶͷһ
ʦ룬ȷʵû뵽ȻֵܵסĹ
һתЦΪ似ܿĻǾʹˣ㿴
˵ʦһڻâϣԭķٴɢҫ۵Ļҹ⣬ڿһȦһȥֺٴǿ빥ȥһɱơ
ˣٺͷӲȻмҲǷĶ֡Ӱڿ㿪ĹʦĿ£ϢĻᣬۿ֮ľԽԽ
ڣ
һΧͻȻһ͸ǽڣǽϡԿһͼ
ǿķʩչ߱ΪΪԽߣԽǿ
һγɣɵǰâϽһֱڻϡ
һ죬ƿɵϵĹâֻʱһ£ֱ֮ؿڡ

밵ڵٴʩչ
һ۵һƴСĻƣһȿԹܷĻϵ
ǿʩչھڷת£һ󵶸ľʹ
üҧַǿͷų
䣡
һ죬ڵ˳ȥصˤڵϡ
ͬʱϵĹâҲ޹⣬ȻʦڵҲľˡ
ڵأϢ룬ʦ¶һŵɫ
ǿĹȻɱԷѵôӲͬɱ룿
ʦĴһģһƴСɫʯС
ʯϴһˮϵȻһнˮϵʯ
޵УʯԵʹãҲսʱʯĵ
ʯĸȼֱΪͽסнס߽׺Ͷס
һ߶ʯԶһʮнʯһٿͽʯԴơ
нʯҪȵͽʯļֵҪߣ̺Ҳǵͽʯʮ֮ϡ
ʯɫо֣ÿɫӦһ˵ϵʯǺɫϵʯǻɫ
õ˲䣬ڿеķٴɢɫâֻǹâȸղࡣ
ʯϵԽԽ٣Ҳʦ𽥱СȫգһʯʧС
ʦһ˵룬Сӣķɵ²㵽Ҳҫˡ
оϵϢʮ΢һԵİհѶԷɱͬʱѾţҷڵڣжٶ׷
ղţ˳֮£ԭ뷿ڵľҲ¶
ľ䲢ͨľͷɣǧʯľ֮һľġ
ľĲӲᱻʴоõй
âһۿٶȥڻâϵɲǣһӴϢԴͷŶ
Ϣ䣬ѪȵζлǺëȻ
ǡ
ʦͫؿϷı仯ȥĻâȻĿУοƣҲ˰֣ٲȻӴϢ档
ڵϵȻһվڵϣٶȿľˣȫ˵ӡ
ʦɫ԰ף˿ѾܲϵΪˣԷΪѾ
ܣ
ʦŵĺ˼Ϊ˲ֻһֿܡ
Ǿʹʲôܷ˾˲Ϊ
ܷȻҲ޵еһЩڻв١
˾Ҳڱļԭ򲻵ѣһ޵ǲʹõġ
ܷȻ˺޴󣬵ȴһֱֶΣ̫ѣе޵߶Ѱܷ


015 
ɫЩ˵ʹֻ࣬һһѪƾնһѳ
ɢѪ⣬һֻѵһʡ
ѽǱ
ʣһӴɱʱ֮ľήһ㡣
ָʦˣ·ǵĶħ죬Ƕ
ո˵һ˲ʦǰ
ʦֻоһɱɱϣʧȥжһ룬סòޱȣʧȥ֪
Ӷʦ֮ʱڵаʱڡ
ʦľ޷ֵӴааģʱʧȥʶ
ɱʦ֮ŷ峤һɨֵˡ
ɱʱɫ԰ףĻ󣬲ϣĻǰŵӡ
һЦŲԶȥĸĸŭһȥɣ
ѪһѪâȻӽڷȥֱŷؿڴѪâ·һ㣬ɳȥ֮շתأ峤壬ŻصڡֻһѪâȴ̺ǿа˵֮ͨ޷ֵʦȫʢ֮ʱҲҴâ
նɱͻȻתԶۿ˿ȥͣڼƽＥˣб츸ӡ
츸ӣôһֻâڱȫɪɪһ峤ڵϡ
Щƽ꣬ǵսľһʱŭҲɱˡ
һʱ侲ˣ˵ĴϢ⣬Ǵ˷
ҲɱһˣҲŹһһҵˡ
𣬷·һһһѪâֱȺе졣
һѪâ㿪ȴ·Ǧһ޷һ벽
һ촫Ѫâ࣬ͫ׵ɫǿ־֮ɫȻء
ɱ֮üͷһ壬ʹ֮ɫһٻӶÿһΣͷųһѪâѪâ֮һȥ
˲䣬ɱˣЩ˶ǣҲﲻĸˣЩ˱ΪǰΪۡ
뿴һɴеˣӰһұһɽȥ
뿪֮󣬿ѹֵƶʱһ˵岻ܿư̱ڵϡ
˵˫ۣʧȥɣؿŵ棬·Ѿ뿪塣
ұһСɽϣһôһѪȥʱصڡ
аģ뾡ҸĵطѹסаҲȲ
뵽ɽϵҧҧһɽ϶ȥ
һյʱ䣬ҵ˳ɫɫ԰׵ֽһ㣬Ȼһʹ
һסص룬ĵʵ룬ôˡ
кỨȫһӵģ
ڰ֣΢˵û£ұһᣬҿţκҡ
˵֮뵱ȶ֮С
ڵаҪأڼȫǣǰҪ뵽֮С
һЩܰаųڣһΪҲҪȥ롣
͸Ҷ϶ڵϣ߲Ĺ㡣
Ƭʮأһ˺ҵĵطѡ
û뿪վһԣǰδ鲻Խ
Ůˮģ⻰һ㲻ΪһŮӡ
ʱһһţɴ֮УΧʱͷųһɱаа֮ľ˲
ԶԶĶһԣǵĲѣȴʲôҲﲻϡ
ֱϣŴѹ
ڵа˴룬һЩǿѹھһǣֻҪʩչ޴󰭡ʩչǹаٴֱͨ࣬Ʋأ֮ǡ
ʱѾо˼죬ھʱҲ֪
һԵĴ£Թȥһ
Ӱһڳߣ֣ڳϡ
Ƭ֮һ޴󰭣ǹڼԹȥ
ͬʱҲԼǰôػߣϾֻͨˣ첻Է϶ܲˡ
ȻҲҪԷĵֻҪ֮У첻Բ޴󰭡
ûнѳ򵥵ʩչһʩչұȥ
ұϱڲԫļͬ뿪ʱûκα仯ȻЩڿľʵҲŲĶ
ҵ˱ѹеľ䣬ϵķɵԼʦϵĶ
󣬲ĸǰɽȥ
øĸ֮ûаԥߣԶȥ
˿̣뾡뿪ŷ⣬ȥ϶ᱻ֣뿪ȵڲս壬޷ߣʩչ뿪أһˣ϶ڶԷ¡
֮һС򣬼򵥵ĳ˵㷹ˣ˼ҿջסˡ
ϵǮ࣬ԺӻҪмƻ
ˣڿջڣһ˫˷
䣬СһЩϴԹԵ˴ϡ
ɫһ죬εʵ룬ǡ
Խ˵ԽСȻֹ
ӰóʦǸһоһ߻شǼȻǷޣôסһӦûʲôɣ
֪ûʲôϾûʽɻ飬оЩŤ˵ʲôȴȫעоһһĲûĻϣʱһջ𣬶˶ţ롣
ȷʵûйͳ˵ϻ֪еĴ˴򿪡ǰûĶǰķҩﶼָڣָһĿռ䣬ԴණŽȥҲȥ
ϴһѶʮֲ㣬ܰѴ򿪣Ŷ棬Ժж᷽ࡣ
һͷųһڴһ㣬ûд򿪴
һĻ벻üͷʦֻһģڱȥһ
ѵⴢҪ򿪣ȥĲɣ
ҡҡͷøܣʦһó֮󣬸ָӡ
ǰָһҪʹãȥӦ֮Ŷԡ
еĴֿѵⴢĴ򿪷зɣ
ô룬ҲͷųһŴͬʱͷųʶܴǷ
ʶڴ֮ʱȷʵоһ΢δ룬ʶܵһĿռ䡣
ƬռСż׷нʯϰٿͽʯ
֮⣬ϽϺõĵۺһЩëʵɰ֮ڵĶ
ֻʮţ඼ǵͽ׷䣬н׷ֻʮţ߽׷û١
ʦңȫֵǮĪǰõŷණֵߡ
޵磬˽Ĳ࣬ϵĵҲٵþˣЩĶǡҪġ
ջʶеһŷ䣬ˣ򿪵ķҲ̫˰ɣֻҪסʶ뵽УܿеĶҪʲôֻҪһͷʹó
һֱһһɻǾȣӺŪһŰƴСֽƬʵ̲סˣû˵ιڸʲôأôˣѵ㲻𣿡
ڰߵһŽУûĻʵĶҪ𣿡
ûʲôֻ뿪ʱһЩ
Ļ߷һߣԹ衪Ҫ


016 
ҹˮ¹СϿգһСð
żȮ͵ӴھСлصš
һڵСУҹµӿһջԡ
ȺٶȺܿ죬һ㳤һ
С𣿡
һӣͷʵ
ѹȻģǱǵ˸ϳˡ³ֺһ㣬ȻŶ뿪ˡ
˵ͷٵظݵջȥ
˿ٵ߽ջջֵҹĻƣ˯
Ų󣬻ʶ˫ۣջվżɫˣæʵλ͹٣ǣ
˵ĴűԿǶ̳֣˵һ仰һ
һЦһĳС
ѵһʣֻкһջƵͷӦ䡣
ߣ
ӰѾջеһȥ
ڵķ䲢ֻ࣬ʮ䣬ڿջ͵ȵĿͷҲúȾס
µȷĹϣһȺţ¾ûа
ɴ˿ɼ˵ṦѾ˼߾硣
һ䷿ǰǵ¶ɫ
ҽȻ̧𣬴һǿڷϡ
һ죬˲仯ΪľмƮ¡
Ӱһ˷ڣгʱһŴϿȥ
ûΪϣͣڿУΪ졣
оһеþȫû뵽Ȼһ赲
ӴľˣڵǴ˵޵ߵ
޵ߣ뵽ɫüΪѿʾһɫʾǲҪ
ûɫҲԹһĻʵ̸ˣһŴͣϢĿͣڿеĳ
Уɱ֮ƵȻ͵Ϯ£׵Ʒˡ
ǶԷʵﵽôľ硣
Ѿȥɫһٱ䣬üΪѿ
ͻȻһòͨ꣬һеĳȻɳڶԷϡ
ԷӶ£˵ȻˣҾһ·ɣ
𣬷ڰ׹һֻòһʧȥ֪
ʱ֮ǰ˶ûԷ˳ֵģνĲס
ͷ˵ԷֻһͨΪͨˣܱǿĹ
ڵɱ˵룬Ⱥǰʱ򣬾͸Ӧˡ
Ȼ֪ԷʲôĿģоԷбǰѳڻȴ˵ǰ
ӵ˲䣬ͷųһɲ赲סԷĹơ
Ȼе˶ɱˣЩǲŷǱģ
׶Σܱ¶Լ٣뾡뿪
뵽ֻؿһȣǹɱѹƵаֱò
ȶ򵥵ѹסڵаųٵ뿪
뿪Сǰӿջһպõͷţ⣬Ϊ˳ֵ׼
ҹĿʮֺ䣬Ѿʮ£Ҳ𽥱䣬ֻһͨˣܲסɺ䡣
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뿪С򣬱һս
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ͷߣٵԶȥ
һ·ϣ˲û߹ٵС·ߣΪ˱öԷ׷
պһƬɽϣɽïܣʺβ
˸һ鱻ˮˢ󣬸ɾʯͷϣ˸
·ϣ뻹ӸɽУװһЩȪˮЩ㹻ǳһ¡
һֱڼУû񣬿νţ⼸۵Ĳᡣ
ˣÿλҪӲĸﻹɱ̲֮סˡ
ʹˣǴΪû˵˵ôһЩţƬõϡ
ûĻԹԵس
벻еɫһι㵽ûҵĻ
ҡһڸڿо׽£ʱҲˣЩ˻֪ǲ׷ɱǵˣǣǲ߿¾߲ˡ
һۣأ
ڻĽҰ֣Ҳõı˸٣ҪĲȫйϡ
ѿеĸһڷŽУֺ˼ˮŻ˵ǲǣǶɱЩˣ䱳ҹڵҲ֪޷սһȫĵطڡڵĲʸƳ
аʱ뻹׼߳
ƺеϣϣڰ˵³ܲס
ıʣһʮŮ˵ȷʵѳܡ
ȴһǰʲôķûʹ࣬ѳܵ¶ͦˡ
һۣҡһӲĸϿҸطڵĲʸƳôȥʲôʱǸͷ
ǰ죬һ·ʲôû˵ʱ䳤ˣСƢ¶š
΢΢һЦҲͳƽЩҲҸطڣСӵĸʱ׷ɱ
˶ӣŷĸûжҲһ֮İ·
վǰ쳣ļᶨ·һЩ֮С
ԭ˵䣬·ܶһеʱһ㶡ΪܳһʮϡޱȣǻۡšȻһЩӵĶ
ſţԭأ·ߵһС
⻹ǰʶ룬Ǹɷ
֮󣬳˿϶Ĵ𸴣ǣ϶ǣ
ֻǲ֪ʲôԭӵͬ겻š
ְ֮⣬һȺʮĵţ϶һ
вͬеǵеǹеľȻ
Ⱥˣһգ̳ˣҲǸصİɡ
ͷһ꣬΢һЩԼʮ꣬һӡ
Ϊǰﻤ֮һǰжʮ꣬νǰڵԪ֮һ
֮ܰŰڵֵܣǰԡ
νԣǴֵǵĴתתûƯץˡ
ǰźʮһգʮ֮һ
Ĵ£ǰһĬĬŵСɣһٳΪĴ֮ס
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źһֱæڰһֱûȢޡڰ죬һŮӳɻ飬ǰڵŮӣò̫󣬾̫ѡ˺ܾãûһĵѡǣһϵ£ˡԡһ
ԵĶܶ࣬ÿһԴԼжʮˣһӡ
һԣľǸ䣬ûкʵŮӣҪֵȥץƯŮӣصڻһĽͣʹûУҲǡϾʮ£òδŮӣͲҡ


017 ǰ
Ůˣǰһ÷ϣһЩˡ
Ȼˣû̫·ϣֻŷһΡ
һյĹ˱ڵĵطһ붨״̬Χһû֡
붨޵һֺʽͻȻȻһ򣬱ܽ붨֮С
ʱĳ̲ͬ򵽵ĶҲͬʱԴΪʱԵŸᡣ
붨ȴ൱ѣʱһǴλᣬһӶ޷붨״̬
ˣ޵У붨ҲһֻԵɺϣǿ
ˣһ˲䣬
ԭֻһ㣬Ǿǳʵ̫Ưˣȿں¥ƹﻹƯ֡
˳ô󣬴δ˾ŮӣԺֻһ仰ʵ̫ˡ
ʱҲˣĿˣʲôˣ
˶ʱ뵽񣬺ٺһЦС㣬ǵǰˣھٰһҪһЩƯŮǰȥժСûʱ䡣
Է֪ͨǸľ񣬿ھ˵ݡ
ǰĴ֮һĴҲ֪û˸ҵǡ
һЩɲܵ˵ģתͷԶ뿴ȥ
ʱҲ˵ĻѣתˣһĨɱ
ɫֻһ䣬ĳʲôˣ
ûĻŲߵߣŻ˵ʲô
Է׳ʵҺηӣ֪ͨˣʵǸе𣿡
ѶԷŪź֡
뱾붯ɱ˼ˣתһ룬ָıע⣬Ǹˣãȥݼңǡ·
ɻ֮ɫһ˵òҲ̫ˣá
ô룬ȴ˵ղѾ˵ˣλȥǰ͡
밵˼һеϵŵͷһȥҲģһɣ
֪ʱܾЩ˻ԥ֣ʺսڵабƣϾϰɣ㵽ǰڣҲ˳Ĵ뿪
ΪһҲûʲôϵ˵ǰԺٳɱͷãǸߡ
ǰ˿һƬϲ֮Уڵֵʱ˲ƯŮӡ
мˣǰźԺҲΪ⣬ȴûһĶ
ֱѳʱźȫѪҺҪˣʱĸо
ǣڿ˳֮źҪȢΪޣɻӾͶ³һ
ǰѾʮˣЩ죬ڵ˲û֣ҲףЩȵɻ֪֮ɱΪʱźֻһ磬ﲢûݡ
źȻЩɣҲûзϣΪ˵ϣûиоڡ
׳ʵ书һ㣬ź̽󣬱֪һ˿ûС
Ȼûģеֻźǰ̽޷ڵǹ
̽ʱͰѹڵ֮ڣһ΢ѪҺѭźʹٸߣ书ǿҲܷڵϾֻ˼书޵ڵ
죬ǳɻӣźЩ쵹Ҳأûʲô¡
ͳһ죬ҲǱ񣬴ӲԽһΪܲġ
Щ죬һųڵаһʶ۲˳һһ
źʲô飬ԥĳ֡
֮ͬһǽǰһ·ͷһԭ򣬾Ҹȫĵطųڵа
ǰȻ㰲ȫҲҪıڵ˰ɱʱȫࡣ
סڵСԺڣΧڵһЩѾһ⣬ˡ
ЩѾߣ˵չ˳ʳӣȴǰųһһ
ԺڣһӰǰڳķǰ
ʱǡô򿪣ǵӰһ˷䡣
ٶȿľˣΧѾȻע⣬ϢĶǻ޷֡
ڣһ룬ʱʲô
΢΢һЦȻûҳɻ飬ҲʲôصĶ
һۣԹƵĵ塣
Цһץסʩչһ
ʩչ֮һˡ
΢΢һ㶣ôˡ
¶һȻɫʲô𣿡
һʱҲ֪˵ʲôתƻղʩչʲô
뵥ദôʱ䣬һЩҲһ˽⡣
ڳһɨŹصĵֻһЩ򵥷С޷塣
һۣЩʧʵղŴңΪ
ͷûлش
Ȼˣһջ𣬡һΪأ
վȥųԭߵģڸıע⡣
Ϊʲô
һ㶣漴ʵѵ㿴ϰڵʲô𣿡
ͷ̾ĴϻۣǰĲֿвʯɻʱŪ֡
ɻ֮գڵ˶æźȾƳ⣬ĵӲ࣬Ǹʱʺ϶֡
ΪǵʯԸδ޼޸ˣ
ߵǰһŭ⡣
΢΢һЦҲʯ޵ߵôҲ֪ҵõԺ󣬶Ժкô
˵˶٣ҲҲῴǸɻ飬ֻҪõʯ̾ߡ
˵ţֱſѳڻ
˿̣ͻȻãܶԲ
ҲֻЩˡ
ôһһ֮ӭֻȫһ㵹ĻС
峿ǰȴæһƬϲ֮Уﲻɽоþõػص
ǰɻ飬ڿνһ䶯Ե飬ΧɣҲף֮ˡ
ټɽڣ˿ˣвʶĶһ𣬷
֮ˣͺˬѾһȾ̸۹ˡ
Ⱥ߶ԭҲæŸԵ飬ϾɽΧиְ֣书ٸߣҲӳȥ˵ǰֻһ׳ʵ꣬ʹС䣬Ҳ߲ȥ
ƿˣٵߵһɽǰǰ̺ȵʲôˣκ˲׼
ƽﶼʮ˰֣ȴֻˣظȫɽΧˡ
ɽ˾ܣǰȷʵû취Χø֣˶Ҳ޷뿪
ڴֵգǰȷʵ
ֻϧźһˣǾ޵롣
ĳ棬޵ԳݲμӣźԴҲ벻һ㡣
ĿԼŵ˵λ磬ǷǰһЩʯġ


018 
һ㶣ɽʯ£֪˺٣Է˵Ҳ˴롣
¹ϵشȻţһ˵Ȼˣó
װģȻչ֣ȴ޺һ
˿Ȼһ㶣ͬʱʵأ
˷֮ʣӰһ˫ȫ붯˵ǰ
е¶ȶȻ˸ûӦ㱻Ϊҽ
ˣǻٵɽȥ
ɽУһź̺ĸߴ̨ϣһװźΧһȺȲ˵Цš
Щ˶ףصĸ֣ڰڵݶͣҲ
мˣǰڵĳϣһռΪտ
Ƭ֮󣬻ʽʼֻһ߸ﵽ
ɽھþõĻصȴٳûг֣¶ɻ֮ɫ
źɫ࣬鶼źˣЩ»û߼ڴȵȥʱ
æ˹ȥ°ŭ
˿һĻһͷС
ʱһȥˣˡ
֮ӰȺУһ̨ȥ
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ԭ׼ų͵͵뿪ģ˰·ȴ˵ڸĵĻ
У˵źǰʱеõһŷ
޴Ȼֵ붯֣ѳɽ⣬һǰˡ
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תȥߣôʶң
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ܿԭίԭɱˣʨĸ֡
ǣѰҵķԼźС
㲻úŰ˵ЩǷ
΢΢һЦź
һ㶣漴ŭϣҰпһŮӴӿջڳɱǣ˭
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󣬵ָź˵һΧޱȾȵĻǷŰϡ
ŭźʵŰ¿ģ
ΧİѾΧסˣźڵľƣϵǷȷʵУЯ£ǵõϢ׼ûסڿջУǰһϾ͵͵뿪ˡ
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һ֣ɽΧĹָ֣ڵķ
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źһһƣͬʱһˣǲ˵ȥġ
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źͻȻʲô΢ŵʵ
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źһٴο϶޵ߵɫζĶҩҲܷ֣
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ź֪ԷŹԼʵҩԣҪӦңһ
˶ڷɳɽȵʱ͸оˣΪһŷֵ֡
룬ҴӦ㣬Ҫѷһҡ
źԥһ£ӻóһкһƿӸ룬Ҹˣŵԡ
ȻֵǣҪȣȴʲôϾЩԼиõûҲС
ǰһӣһʧ
ź˺ʱĵ޲ŴͣһȵĿ롣
˶֮Ӱһʧɽڡ
źһ˶֮֡
ڰ֣źߵ˵ﴦһ£ɽڻûɵˡ
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ǰӻ⣬ٵɽȥȥѰɻĵӡ
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ٵÿһ£һȥ
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ƿڵҩǰԶҩͽҩйоȻֱܷ١
½ҩ󣬵һۣû˵ԺҪ̨ȢңҲ޸㡣


019 Χɱ
΢΢һЦûж˵ʲôԺҪ֮·ͬ١
̨Σ˼ֻйɻŻ֣൱ݻ
һ˼ʹ㹻ĽǮݲ
аδǿʹڵаѩϼ˪
벻ɽΧһڰʱڱ϶ᱻ֡
ǰҵⲻһս
ǰҲЩΣڵĶ޷⿪ǿȥźȡҩź϶Ҳⲻ˳ɱȻһ֮ɱˣ˶ɱΪɱһ˺ɱһȺˣһ
£ųĴҲ¡
а룬ΪЩ˲ҵǵʱһȺæѰǡ
뱾Ϊ߽磬Щǲð׷
ϾһЩʵۣ˱Ŀʲô㡣ʱû˵֣żʡ֮⣬ɼΪνѺദҲһЭ顣ڵİɣκ£쳬ʮϵİڵӣǰϽķΧ
һս׷ϰӱȫɱǵҲɷ֡
һսûʹҲûʩչԵ˷䡣
ʩչʱףֻҪʶ뵽Уܹ
̺Ĺǿ󣬵ͽ׷νһУһκɢ
н׷͸߽׷䣬ȻһЩҲǵ
ֻж׷䣬ǷΧڹҲƾΨһһŶ׷䣬Űϰɱ
ŷ䣬ɱʦ󣬴Ĵеõš
аҲʹ÷ֻʩչųȥ
ǰһ޼ʵɽĪæ·ȴѡ·
ɽһŨǰ
Ũɽ
ɽеǷǿʱ򶼶Ըˡ
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̻֮£ǰʣչһϵеĵ顣
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Ũڱεɽ밵˼еϵ
ԭ·߻أضҪսһʱʹЩǿ߶ɱˣҲһ
ڵаǿľˣ΢Щģᱻа룬ָоν
ȥɽҲһ޵ײУȻ֪
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˰ɽǰûйΪҲɵɽڵޡ
ЩУȻûһ޵ߣصĴ˵ȴ˲١
ǰɽΪɽΧȺڶ֪ɽһޣǽ˶ûһ߳ġÿԲ֮ҹëȻĽµԩ꣬ԵĶħ
˵βһͬ
նôտô񣬶ܽɽС
ɽֻһ֣Ǿǡ
ˣֹһ죬Է̲סˣ˴ĸΧɱ룬ûз䣬ҲʹֻҪóһѹƾеаһǿʹ÷ʩչ㴫ʹ֪аǰࡣ
ѵ£ڼһνǻ찵أ˵Χɱ˿·硣ЩƺһͷʹȫȥҲҪ꣬һɱ
׷ɱʱ򣬲֪޵ߣʮҲ׷ɱ
Ȼһ޵ߣǸܷ׷ɱ͵ű
ڹʱҲˣƺηʲôûгֹֻǰΧʱĿˡ
Ĵ֮ڿʼ˶Χɱƴ۵Χɱ
սʮֲңһɵɱʽ빥ÿȥһ֮󣬱ǧֻ뷢Щ֮󣬼϶Ź㣬ȻһĹô๭ͬʱҲֵʮѡ
ڣҲܵаԽԽǿ󣬲Ѫ֮Уǿʹڵôν·ڵΪ޷ʩչѹаֻаģʹȥ
Ҳû취£һȥһ
ϣ˵죬Ѫȥֱ
ͷңȫѪ˫΢΢ͨ죬ƺʧȥ־
޷ʩչҲ޷γɵ赲ѪҺĽ䡣
ΪģԲ֮ڣνǹǺ·ǵ˼䡣
һĻΧ˶ԥˣɵİҲ֪ȥǶԻǴȻĳǰ޵ǿ֮ĩֲ˶ãȴ޷֪ԷǷͷһᡣ
Ƿһᣬһսⲻˡ
˾֮һɱɵǰδеŽᣬƵ빥ȥ
һս˵ˡ
뿴ŷ񹥽ˣûг֣תȥȻûгɻ飬ҲһˣҪϵĶúһطȶȻһʵ˼˰ɣ
˵һ˿Уǰİȥ֮Ҳûгֹ
ˣ־ͺˡ
ӡ֤ôһ仰ÿ춼ڷɱ¾
ûʲôˣʲô£¶һ˿С
һ˸ĸȥһ̣ŭļʧȥ⣬ʱ̶侲
ᣬ鲻Խػѩ׵ϡ
ǰѪӣ˵ÿһ仰ĸоҵĳ鴤
Ըӵʹĵ֪Ȼɱ֮УоȻĿ޺ҲҪҵɷ򡭡һһɷ򡭡ûҵ㲻뿪ҡ
˵Ҳ
һɢܵʱͣöҲ޷ٽ벽
סҵĻ
ǿлصӰ֮⡣
ŷɱˣŲæľаѪֵͬʱͺһѪ⡪ɡ졣
𣬽ͷųһѪɫˣֱǰ˷ȥ
ǱѪˣ̼仯Ϊһ̯Ѫˮ¶һĹ֡
Ѫɫ˷ɹʮɺڿУ·һֻצľˡ
ȥ
ɫ԰ףѵĿŨɱ
ѪѪֱϾ죬ƬնѪɫ
ѪУʱǴһʹĺ쳹ʡ
ЩˣȻûʼЩڵһΪѪˮʽʹࡣ
ɱ˲ǵڣǵľÿνʹ
λһЩϺ͹ûʱ룬ȫѪС
ţ
ɫһתޱѪпȥ벻˼Ȼܰѷʥľ磬ĸ֣ڵľǿͨ˲֣޵ǣҲɱǡ
ಡһַȥ컢ȥ
컢ȫĵֵеɱأоһתʧȥʶ
Ժ׳ڵ˼һ˵ϡ
Ⱥ˶Ǹ֣ĸȻ컢ڣĵλ̫ͣжû
Ѫ죬ڿһȦɽڡ
壬·׵һ㣬Ȼ鴤漴һɽжȥ
ͬʱڿ𣬡ߡ


020 ǧ
ս֮УظӾңܿưˤڵϡ
ڸǣǻҲö֪
ŷȥµδ򣬳ȥ۽ǵˮȻһת˹ȥ
ǻǰȥȻ֪ɽ޳֣ʱʲôҲʲˡ
ˣɷҲΪ˾ԼȥͻȻãɵɵһѣΪʲôҪͶԷɱӡǲʱĻԷˣСƢûкĺͶԷ˵һỰ
Ȼ˵ǻûгɻ飬Ǿȥ³ɻɣ
ǳɽУΩһͷ
һ޴ɽȳڣɽڴȫѪѾһѪˡ
ںжѪֻһͷԼɷһҪȥ
ȻӿĽŲ˵ǰڻȴһӴ
ĺдѪȣɱ¾һЩ־ͷ
˲䣬ĿΧһѪ֡
Ѫʩչʱͷŵһģһ
ϵϢԽԽ鲻Խѩ׵ա
֪Ѿ֮ʣֲ˶ãʱȥ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪңΪʲôһȥ
ʩչǰһϯһʹ࣬Ըӡ
ʱһһţߣʵ˵㱿ɵΪʲôҪ
ԽԽ״ΣԼҲ֪˵Щʲôʵģ塣
ɫĺΧƺŨ࣬˼һУֻ뾲ߣôߣȴĿ
ҹȥˣĺ΢ļԷ֣ûȥ
ˣֿϣϣһᷢ漣
һķ漣
૵⼸֣ãȻȥѰ뻹ûȥʱԼȴһ뿪ˡ
ɽȴľˣΧŨ֮ѿκζ
϶һһɽȥ
ڼ켸ҹûгκߵٶؾˣҡҡλΣƺһܴһ
ڳ뿪֮Ȼһ漴ָֻƽ
ɽڣͻȻһ쳹ʵĺ֮ɽȶ΢΢𵴡
޺󣬳ҡҡλε֧Ųס˵ϡ
Ƭ֮һ޴޳ɽģᣬ漴ڵķȥ
޸Լʮɣȫһ㵭ʮֹŹ֡
ȫɫŻһͷ­һ壬һԳ
һգۣޱǰٴᣬ¶̰֮ɫ
Ͷ˶漴ſڣȻһȻ̽ڡ
Իĵ˵ͷƺղŵһĶӣǷƺԱһҪҸطϢ
ȥʱ޻һ۲Զĳ߹ȥһǷҡҡͷΪһڹɽеһ޴ʯȥ
ʯܴ쳣Χѻɭɭ׹ǣһСɽ
׹ɽϣҵŷŸֹǼܣ޴İܣСţĹǺ
ɴ˿ɼɼɽڼ䣬֪¶ٶѪ⡣
׹ԱȻһͷ˵Ҳǧʱˣ벻Ȼһˡֵǣһڳаа̫ŨˣضܽԪӤڣʱܻûˡ
˵ǧ˷֮ɫ漴˫ۣͬһ
أǧſ˫ۣʹ֮ɫôܣΪʲôаˣȻʴҵľ
忪ʼΣȻһһȭΧʯϣ
һ촫Ӳʯڱǧ޺һ޴ĿʯʯΧ
ôܣ
ǧ˫ţֱ޷ţʲôаΪʲô
ǧԽȥɫԽѿȻ֪ҪӴаģ޷䡣
Ժ־ǻ۲֮£ȻҲ׵ȥ
ѹϵʹ֮࣬ͨаƳ⡣
ڵаεǿʱȻǹаǹаʱȴа֮󣬸޷ˣа·ʶһľкֱײþʹޱȡ
ǧ޴˿ãһΡ
ͷһ֣ǹӴаٴһαһңÿһγǧ޶ȫֵڵԽԽ٣аƺ޾һһαһǿ
ǧȫˣǧ꣬޵Ҳһ˽⣬ȴûмӴа
ؼа޷ֻУһɱ¾γɵɱаͷѾԹǶȥԺγɵʬ
ǧޣʬΪѶԽڣȻʬڵʬ
ʬΪٶٶȣǴа
аȻϢ۶ɣֻÿһǿһ磬Żγа
ǧȻ֪ΪӵŨдаֻ֪ҪаΪϾߵһµĲΡֻû뵽аǰյаһȻһʶ
ʶаѾаˣǽа顣
аණΪֲһӦеĶ
뵽ǧĸľһ˲䣬ǹӴаҲȫ뿪壬С
һǧ޾޴ɽڣѪ滹Ʈа
һ֮ǧ޵ʬȻһ죬һӰʬѪȷɽ
ȥǧޣͫȻһ૵벻Ȼϵа
ɱİ֮ϣɽɽڣ֧ˤڵϡ
ʱȻƶ벽˼άڣ֮һУȻûпҲ˴š
ǧް̽ڣǧԭϵа󷴱аȥ
аǧ޴սУȻûеõκκô㱣
̾Ϣһȶ͵ָʧȥ
ˣֹ죬ڵѻָ˴룬ɽɽҲܷȥ
ףʲô
Ҫ߳ɽʱȴһѰ׹Ա߷һĴָСԲ飬ԲԿ׵ѿһ׷̺Ŵ׵硣
һӣԲڣܵԲ̺ŴӴ׵磬һӴ׵֮ʩչǹڵ޵ߣҲ޷ֵʹɱʶҲҪش
飬һɽڷȥ
ǧȥɽڣƮɢͬɽѾûʲô
ʩչɽΧ˼죬ȴûҵӰֻεȥ
߳Ƭɽȣ뿪ﵽһ󿤳ǡ
ɽ˽һ£߳Ƭɽ˳
ûһ޵ɣ֮ࡣ
޵֮·ڴﵽ֮󣬲Ŀʼ


ڶ


021 
ߴ󿤳֮һ
λڳط֣ϽķΧڣ˺Ӻͺ佻ͨȫһָٽĵطɽɽŨ޵֮֮أڵҲƬɽС
źħڱеɡ
Ϊѭ򽥽Ϊ֮һ
ħڵЩƫٽ˺Ϊٽһ㡣
֮ȡ֣ǴӻǸȡһ
ǣǻس֮һɶϽΧڡ
ɣϾ֮أĹԱҲܲϡ
ڣĽֵϣһҲ·꣬˼ͷٵԱߵһջȥ
꣬Ǵɽ롣
Ѿˣÿȥͷ⣬ʱ䶼ڷ
һսΪ˲٣Լͻƹڣﵽڵļ
ջĴϣ̾ϢһǲУͻơ
ղʱԸоؼ޷ڡ֮еѾﵽһ͵״̬ٶ޷Уг˻ƾһЩϵؼ⣬ûϵͳ
ǰȴô鷳ֻҪԺ󣬱ܴĵ֮Уֱ͡ﵽһ޶Ⱥ󣬱ԷͻƣһΣȻҪࡣ
ǰʮʱܴﵽʵҲ顣
¹ˮڷĵϣɢߡ
ߵǰҹȭͷףĸףǰϢɣЩѾɱˡ
˵һӰͻȻԺУôˣ
֮ˣǣ̫࣬Զ޷Ȼĺ塣
仰ǰʱ˭˵ģ⻰еǰҪǣңͻƴﵽ𻯷
ȻµҾŬ׷ɣ
Ӱһʩչʱһȥ
ɽڣ˳˷⣬ʲôҲ

⻰ʲô˼תΪһͬ
鼮Ϊ֣һǣʶʶƷ߶йҲ˼䳣˵ߣֻҪһͷ֣ܰնɱڷ֮¡
һǣѪǿĿơǳ˵һ̶ȣڵɾʯ֮ǰܿɽϺӣĹͷﵽһ־˵ĳ̶ȡ
̫ѣʶҪ֡
ٵľˣ⣬ûԸǡΪһֺõ飬岻У꣬һ˵ƽﻹҪ
ȷָʶһͬһֱ㵢ܶʱ䣬һָ߲ɵͲ͵ÿһΣһͬ໥Լ޷ͻƣԪľһΪ֮ȥ
ǣ
ԪӤԺʶܻΪӤ뿪壬Ҳȥ
ʶؼεһʱ䣬ʱܶᡣ
νĶᣬǿнΪԼ޵ڣʶ塣
һµ󣬱ܼ᲻ɣʶᱻԷɣɢ
ˮһ¹ڵϣɽеڣΧ쳣ԣһᣬأһӰٵĴһ˹ٶȿľˣֻӰһǰ
뵹һٶʵ̫죬ͨҰʩչٶȣѵޣ
ô룬ȴͣʩչޣǿܺӰ͵Ϯ
Ӱʮ֮⣬һδУվڲԶĺӰ
һֻڱȫɫëƤǣûһɫһ˫ɱĺУɻ֮ɫȻû뵽ȫһȻûɱǰ࣬öԷĹΧ
ڱһ۲գĶ룬΢΢׼һι
Ӱһڱٴ
Σ˳ֵ׼ǰһһ͸ֳǰɵĵ˺ڱˡ
һ촫ڱ屻ַڿһתȵ˵ϡ
ڱһݣ̬ӯ
ص˲䣬ڱһɺɫպͿӴ
ã
Ӱһ㿪ķΧٶȻһЩϵ·ѾвֱӴ˲䱻ʴ
²ĲûȷʵֻһֻޣֻΪߣ޵ʵڱղŵһˣҲᱻͷŵָ¡
ޣֻڶʵҪɱѡ
޵ĵȼܺû֣弶¶һޣ弶֮Ϊޣڶޡ޴ﵽ޵߹ڵʵǱļޣ弶޵յʵѾܺͽǿ߿ˡ
޵ȼֱǣա𵤡ԪӤϡ
żޣͬӵҪӤǵķǿľˣһЩ֣ǿҲ޷⡣˵һЩɽУ˲֪ʮޣһֻʮսʤͨĳǿߣ˵һ޵⣬ǿĴڡ
޵ɱżʮޣǵΪ߳ޣӵвĵ֮ؽйˣһЩ޵߻ʹ󷨣޵˾żϣȻŲ˼άǱϾˣ˸ԺҲ
оֻûսԥӰƹȰںڱͷֻצץȥҰͷУݻ޵ľ
޵ʵͬһΣĻᶼûУһצ֮ȥ
ɱޣһһɫĹâɵС
޵ҩĲ֮һⶫµ鼮Ҳ
ǰǸ磬ûޣһЩǿҰޣҲɱˣ˵ʲôҩˡ
ּӴ˿֮һʱ̱Ӳһ㣬ֻɢŵĺ⣬ʾǷƷ
ĴǵɽС
ԣΪʲôֻûأ
ɽֻȥޣһƣֻ޼Ȼɲڵа֤Ϊͬһ㣬ǿޣΪȴûأ
뿪֮ǰϸļһ޵ʬ壬һЩмֵĶŽ˴ʬȴû
ѵֻһ֣û
뵽ݸһЦ
һᣬȴһֻޣʱȫޣ뿪ҹ֮ԶڵĵطʱҪʩչ뿪ضᱻԷ֣ӰһԱߵȥ
ǰһڵڿɱɣ֮ȻҲ¯ֻ࣬ҪΪ֮ϣ޷٣Ͼ֮ǰһĵ֮һΪǱ


022 
ڣ£ֳˡ
һŮӺһԼʮӡ
Ůò㣬һ˫۾Ƕˡһɫ·һѳղϵ⣬ԦʱɢĹâɢһɶصƣһ֪޵ߡ
ӽüĿһ滭ֵ·ֻһɨСʦãƬûʲôرĵطΪҪţǻǿȥڣʦǵ¡
Ůǻŵӵܣʦ֮ʦźһյӡյӣÿʮ궼һΣسڶᰲǰȥʲĺӣüͬ󣬱С
ڰ֣ΪȻ˵ʦ֣ͱָյˣϴǰһûҪʹĺӣټ̫СҳԸѺӽǣǻ߸̫ϡ
˵ţƤĳźͷ
ҪСʼԽСٶԽ죬ΪԺ󣬹̶ˣ˼άҲˣҪ޵˼ѣҲдĽչȻˣʹÿʮһεӣһسڼɵҲࡣ
һңسǺ֮࣬ҪһЩӣȴҲѡ
źȻҲף΢΢һЦСʦã˵ô˵ҪȥġʦǳǣԵˣҲһԵֲɣȻûһΣʱиоһҵʵˡ
ɲźյĻɽʵģγȫһΣźѧʦ˵˴æתƻʦ֣ϴȥǵʱǶûԵζһҪҳԸ
źտһۣɫǳ谮ʮˣ㻹Ĳ˰ԵԸ񰡣
ʱС죬ʦ֣֪۸ңϲԶҲҵĴ
СʦһСŮ״źղЦãҪûһʵĺӣҾ漸죬кóԵĶһ飬ô
΢ЦŵĿ¶һôҶɫ
ɫһϲźպһ㣬æӵʦ֣˵ģˣŶ
ʦˣ𣿡
źεЦЦһ֮ɫ
ûźյɫһ˵ͻȻоʲôᡰסһ
ôˣ
źһߵԣʵʲôر𣿡
ûлشźյĻʵʦ֣ղŲΪʲô𣿡
źյͷȴûнӻ
Ϊһֻޡ
˵һźհŰɵĻ
һ޶ɽ֮УƬȻҲСɽ֮ϣɽ̫С޸ԸϾЩ޶һǻۣȻ֪ɽŨҲأСɽһ֣ѽŵѡ
ƺЦɫź̲סһ䣬Сʦãޣ
ͷʶɢСɽһ飬֣Ϊʲôֻûأ
ղ˵ʱѾΧһ顣
һһطʵûдﵽļ֮ǰһ㲻뿪ԭĵطΪļµޣʹö뿪ɽѰҸõױЩ޵ɱ
޵ߵмֵܺãһֻһޣƽҲһͽ׷
ͽ׷Ȼߣֵȴͣ½޵ʢУ޵һ׷Ϊ޵̫࣬ҲɷӴ󣬺ܶ޵߸ɶ鵽ɽðգɱޣƷ
һֻޣɱԺȷʵܻòƵ롣
źյǿĿ΢΢һЦСʦãûоˣҲֻ޵ߴﾭɱأ
ҡҡͷ϶˵ʦ֣㻹ǵϴ׷Ǽħڵ𣿡
ȻǵˣǴһǵһɱˡ
ź붼û룬ش
ƺʲôµ飬΢΢һֻһֻڱ׷ɱħڵӵʱٶȿľˣֶأĶ֣ȴ˼ǺţֻҪûڰ֮ʶܸӦ
Ҳ֮
ź΢΢ſͣȻЩţ˵϶ͨޡ
϶˵ȷʵͨ͵ϮҵʱҾȻûߣҲ涮֮ҸΪֵ
˵̲ס̾ϢһֻܰɱƤëһ·ʩչʱΪ֮µ޵ߣ޷֡
źҲ̾Ϣһ˭ĵأ޼ȻڸˣȥҲûˣСʦãǻ뿪ɣ
ͷҪٻƿշȥȴһҹ紵һѪζӭ
ţ
źշӦܿ죬ĳһ⣬ǰĿѪζĵط
һճźյͷߣȥ
˿ٵǰȥÿһĿΧ
ĿĵأصѾĿȫǵĶʬ壬ʱŴ͡
Ϊƿ˵ϵʬһۣƵһΪʲôأԭһֻӱɱ
źûлش𣬶Ƕ壬ϸĹ۲ʬһᣬȷСʦãⲻͨıӣֻ߲ҪëƤҪʬ廹δ׽ӲɱߺܻܿδԶ
˵˶٣˵ҲһѪܿһֻϵޡ
ֻдﵽ۳һ޵ֻһ壬۳򲻳һ
ź̧ͷȭͷŭؿŵϵʬ壬Сʦãôˡ
δ˵꣬ͻȻʲôŵʵѵ˵ֻޣ
ͷŭصֻޣȻˣôľ룬һǸоڵİǡ
һһâʬڷɳ֮ϣ¹£ԺĿֻһɫ廨롣
ηΪѣ͵Ϯʱȴ𵽼á
η̫󣬵ͽ׷߽ͬ׷ļ۸Ҳ޼һ޵߸޷ӵС
룡
źվȵŴͣʧʦҲˣ
ûͷϴʱʦͰѷˣҪںֻޣҲôҪĶڡ
ʵºͺڣ˼ֵķǱ˷֣ȻȡߣʱνǺĪ
޲Ȼ󣬵ɷȻǲһЩ
룬̾ϢһȻѾˣǻǽǰɣϣܶмλӡ
ԦȥȴûзֶһԵ롣
ʱŴӸղεһ˳̧ͷȥķ򣬰յҲãʡȥЩˡ
ղνһ亹ҪϸΧܻܿҵ
ںӰһʩչ뿪ķ׷˹ȥǰǡ


023 ͽ
ǣһԺڣ˿źˡ
һȲ裬ſһ˵ԺӣƵʦ֣ô
źɫҲЩѿڨڨЦЦҪżҲȻˡ
ʱԺӵſˣһҲ·һģ˽
ˣʮڵˣʵǻŵⲿִ¡
˲죬ȻҲһ޵ߣֻΪչûͻڵĿܣ㱻ڳڣⲿҵϾһټɣǧڲӺͰĵӣÿĵĽǮνһ֡
Щ룬Ҫⲿ˼
˹ʱĿһȷû˸Ժ󣬲ݡ
ݺ˹֣صⲿִˣλǰ
ѧȺ󣬴Ϊ޵ֺ߱ûκιϵ
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һϵصУȻ˵ˣҾ͸һӣߡ
ľ¶ɻ֮ɫͬʱ⡣
Ȼ빥أΪʮͬʱ֣Էôľʱǿɲţһ֮ɱʮˡȵԷľ֮ʱٺԷͨıҲ޷
һͣƵ˵ߣ
䣬һʩչɽȥ
ˣҲԥ뿪ɽȡ
ʱɽһڣ˿վˡ
һħڵӣʵʦ֣ΪηŹǣ
Цһ£ŹǻûСӿͨһȴڽڼ˵
ǵüͷȻ⻰е˼Щߣ似ٶںһġ
̾ϢһЩȻΪͣһЩ˽ϻǷѣǵһĵҲˣǵɫҲµĲĻӦǻ𡣡

ʲô
ôܣ
޲Ŵ͡
ȻҲǻЩ֣û뵽Ȼ޵֮ɫ
֮ųƵͽ޵е棬Ϊ£ҴâһᱻյĻɢ


027 
ɽڣȥ֮һᣬۿҪڵϡ
ۼֿ죬һסôˣ
ǿ̵ĲʣмĶһЦû£һȿȡ
һδϵĿš
޵ֻ֮󣬲ŻҵĿԡ
ַĿϣӦһ£üͷľ඼ѣ˳ֹȻݡѣʹʩչʱֻƼأôһҲ͵ڱʧȥ˹
ҸطϢɣ
壬
ҡҡͷУҪȥȺ˲ģǺܻܿ
Ȼ뵽һ㣬̫أǿʩչܻܿԡ
ԥһ£Ҫұȥɣ
˵֮ͺˣΪУ֮ɫ
һƣûзǷ֮룬ȻԷˣҲûнͣһ°ɣֻЩˣ㻹ִҪɣҲ˵ˣʹ˷ֿɣ
Աߵһʯ£׼ȥ
ɫһ䣬ͻȻʲôУ㲻ߡ
·ˮˣתסһľͷɿ֡
ЩˣʵҲУҲУô
һС󣬴û˸ô˵ʹڷʱʦѵҲûⷬＫΪί᲻ʵߣߣҲ뿴㡣
ҲøղŵĻЩˣεĿҲ뿪ԼºһЩԲҲԣڵƣʺʩչҴһֲ̣Ը˵ô죡
ĻҲøղŵĻƺЩ֣˼ҾȥҲûʲôαذ忴ôҪתһ룬־òʣһŮңûôһ
ҧҧ˾ģ㲻ʩչ뿪ȥҲԡ

һЦûѧ֮ôܴȥЩѶȡ
Ȼ֪ûѧ֮¶Ϊ֮ɫΪԸ⣬ʱС죬¶һСӣһ˷УĵһЩ㲻СɣҲ㡭Ͳȥ
󼸸Խ˵ԽС΢ţɫҲһߺ졣
һƣҪѾͷҲ̫ḻ˰ɣ΢΢һЦ⣬Ҹûѧ֮
һƭ˭ﵽڵ޵ߣ˭֮
˵˶٣ƺʲôһɢߣûѧҲпܡ
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üͷ΢΢ŬŰ취
ͷתһߣĸɽڵһУûм˵
֪˶೤ʱ䣬΢紵ϵ֦ɳɳ졣
ת𣬿뿪ͷ˵ͻȻʵѧ֮𣿡
˵ѧǲܣ֮Գ֣ĿľΪڣԸ⣬ֻðһΣûʲôʧȻʱ䲻Կһжرˡ
Ҳһ㣬ųȣΪ˽ɣûиõİ취
ɶй涨ܰѵȥ
ʮǵһ£˵㲻ʦɣ
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ͷôȷӣ
΢΢һЦ赣ģҵĽǲҪ£
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һʱԺżڿпٷе룬ȵŴͣѼķ˵һ飬Էʩչ֮󣬾ȻǿУʱ쳣һѧ֮޵ߡ
ǰǲѧ
ǰ̲סʵ
ѷսУЦ˵㿴ѧ𣿡
ѧ֮ãЦ
ϢһʱѾָ˲٣վ߰ɣ
ͷһȥźգأô
֪һ˿ԣˣڵΪ֧Ųˣʦ֣ίһˡ
һźյϣֻ׹һΪһ⣬ɽеĴС
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ӴٻһѵģķסһԾڵ֮ϣȷ˷֮󣬱ٵȥ
һμУЩַкǰͬǰֻҪΪﵽһסƿնȥΪû֮ǰ޷κζء
ɽϣٷУٶ̫죬˵̬Ҳ
뵹ûע⣬ȫľڷϣ˿дһЩҲ⡣
˷ɽϣ˲ʱҰ޺е
ԼʱͻȻǰɽͣɣ
һۿȥǰɽ͸ղžûʲôֻɽŶ˼ɽ·
ǰ棿
ɻʵΪʲô͵סĵط
һƣ治֪ǹ˵ģ
뵱Ȼ֪Ҳ˵ǲǣ㻹ɣ
˿ܺãڰ֣;ҵķϣҾ͸ɣʵҲܣϵ˼֪һ󣬰ɽУ˵Ϊһ磬߶û˽ˣ޷һۿġ
찵̾󷨻ãﵽľ磬ܿƬأ
ҡҡͷ֪Ҽǵʦ˵ڵΪҲ󷨵İء
˵䣬ڵϣָǰ·ˡ
ǰһԼɴֱͨɽ֣деľ͵·һƬܿҶƮ䣬һĻһеһУôʵɽϵľ󷨻ûĻ롣
ߣǰȥʮಽ̧һǰĿСǰĿУһδ࿴һס֣һ˽ȥ
ǰɫٱ䣬деʧֻһߴʯڵ·֮ϣվĵӣʯϵͷľޣ̤ƣأмϷдĴ֡š


028 
ţɽУһĶڣͷŪ½ǡ
ǰһſʯΣһԼʮߡ
ߴһɫĵۣϿκα飬ƽĺһž
ĽݶʦֻʮңʵѾٶˡ
ĽݶվߵǰҲʮˣֲǲ֪ŵĹأȻСڴղǳô飬Ҫҳ棬롣㵹ãˣȻΪСӳͷõʲôô
ͷŪ½ǵҲͣĬʦѵʡ
ԭ󷨵ʱɽµĵӱ㷢ǡȻʶˣǱܷǽȥڵõ벢յӵĹ涨ϵ뿪
о֮ȻӦôȥǺŵӷһЩڽǡ
С˻źĽݶҲΪ谮츳ѣҲ֣ûʲôӸҺײ
һŭ֮£ʩչӳ֣ӽйڵΪһбһ˻ˡ
ֺ󣬲ûȥ˵ƣɽȥ
ΥڵĹ涨˾Ƭ̣ʮڵ޵סȥ·
Щ޵ߣ˵Ȼȥ
ȻӦƢٴγ֣Ʒ
ӽ뻴Ժ󣬴δ֣֪ܲܽɣͿһεıˡ
ƷԺЩ׼ȥȴʱʦĽݶˡ
ĽݶԺ󣬴˳ͬʱҲͷ롣
ЩӣȻЩʣһû˵ʲôĿȥ
Ľݶ֮󣬰ⶴϢڶ֮С
Ѻ֮ϸ˵һ飬УźһȥΪεһ˻
Ľݶûмȥ˽һİ˴ڡ
һûʦƢæľϸ˵һ顣
Ľݶɫһ·Ըһٴʵ˵źˣ
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Ľݶֵ㣬ǲˣ
ȻĿ˫һգգĿƽɫ·ɽǰס
ؿڴĴźյʬ廯Ϊһ⣬ߵĵϡ
Ľݶͫ΢΢һźյʬһɨ˫ȭգ³֣ħڣܺãȻҶҵͽܣ²ôˡ
̧ͷһ޵ķеɱһ
ڣʱԼһյʱ䣬ĽݶСȰǳģԼ
˵һ£˵ȥʦ֣º˵һ£ʦԸԸҪ컯ˣΪ֮ɣ
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ߵĻ֣ͣڿЩͼʱرרעΧһУ޷Ӱ쵽
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һɽһӣһǰУǰһȥС
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شһڶȥڶ⣬ͬһ󷨲档
ڶ֮УҪȥȻѣȥԺȴ޷ٴνпܻᵱɵļϸץס룬վİţⶴڴһʱ䣬ܲܽ뻴ţѾܾ£ֻ
ⶴڣȶտеγһ죬תΪڵڡڵɽŨɽ֮һԭڲӵȻҲһЩ
ȻӵٶȻļɷ֣뻹ϲ
ͷչȥֲ˶೤ʱ䣬һͻڵľ硣
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һֹΣÿһζһЩˮ͵ҩ
ڵ޵ţȻԶʱڲóԷϾûбٹȵʱһǻоֻеԺڵתΪҺ̬ʳܲܵġ
ЩҩȴأС衱Դʳﲹܡ
ֵ֪ҩΣûеõ
ֻǸЩҩǻʵʳڵĵӣ⴫
һ죬쳣ʣҵ룬Ըܲܽȴû˵
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㿴мλãһԼɵĵ񣬵һߣһɽĿǰɫȻɢһɲֱӵƣ·ؼһУڽ¡
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м䣬ڷһľΣǰվһҺڵĵ۵ӡ
ӱŴ֮⣬ߵмλãߵˡ
ţ
һ񣬹վһԡ
߱ǻŵңֻתһͷǰȻʵ룿
ҲѧֻشҾ롣
ǰ𾴡


029 
ңͷ봦²̬Ϊ⣬ʵΪҪɣ
һӡνĵˮ©ǰΪţȻܿԷе룬ԥ˵ҴҰ꣬ԵÿжһģΪǮΪȨΪɫȻһвеĵ
˵һ£˵νĵֻ֮أȻͬڣͬ١޵֮ˣΪһ׷ϴ𣿡
һϯν˵ĴȻң޵гɵҲˡ
ԭأ˸ɫ·һοˡ
˵֮󣬲ûм˵ȥʵţΪ˵Ķ𣿡
ң΢΢һ㶣漴ֽкã֮϶˵޵׵ּˣһνǰѵн͵쳣ףҲԼĵ˰ɣ
̾ϢһҲ΢΢Щźʦ˵ˣǾһǲӦýġ
ܾǸɣԭΪźдʣңɫ󣬱֪ȷʵôһ涨ȻͲ׷ᣬѳɣڼ
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ңٴֽоƾ仰ңˣ¡
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Ǿ£ûⷬ⼸Ҳ׹ˡʻȴûйĽͣ΢΢һЦҲûֻ̫˵һЩĵ뷨ˡ
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ڰ֣ͷҾ֪Ҳ˵ģҲ˴Ҳڵİˣҵ¸οٶƵҩķҲƭƭȣҲ㰡
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뿪Ķɽзȥڿз˺ܾãղҵһεɽСڣԶһ֮£ȥҪǰｨ춴Ҳֻûһط
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˭
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֪Էɱ⣬Ҳ˵ΪҵĶ𣿡
ЦˣɫҲڿһˣڶ޵ߣֻ似֮⣬һ治Ķ֣ҪųȥҪȵ컹ѡҲ㵹ùûϣ㶼˵Ժң
Уһһǰ
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޵ߵУӵз˼٣ЩһǴĺһ޵߸޷ӵС
ûԷŷͬʱִӴٻһ
нһһƴСĽɫСӸǰǴǰõķ


030 
Ƿ
󿴵Ưǰķ֮ɫϣôܿ
޵ߣֳֻܷһʶһ߷ﵽԺ󣬻һʶҲֻܿ䷨һֻеԺʶȶƷŻӣÿһ㣬ֳֻܶһʶ
ֻ޵ߣǰʶεǿȻʱɢ˲٣ôʶҲָ˲١ڵȻֻֻйڣʶڵ޵ȣҲ١
һһڷϣϷһ죬Ŀ£ٷȥ
󺧣һֵܵͬʱʹı£Ҳ޷⡣
ۿԽԽҧҧڴһţһϣȥ
֣жʱ죬ӷеٶҲ
Щȫ׵ϵĶ׷䣬׵ھϵǼʮͬʱͷţһʱ벻¡
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ˮȻ٣ϴ˹ȥ
ͬʱǽӷҲɷģƮڵϡ

ȥʬ壬ЦСӣұȣ㻹һЩ
Ҳˮת󣬵ղŵĻ㲻
΢΢һЦߵٵǰ㣬Ȼ㡣
һָ˵ʱͻȻӻӳһֽֽɢŨķĩƮɢڿС
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ٺٻЦʲôȻҪ޸ңȻҪȽ붴ˣôȢأ
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ٵ޼ɵؿͣЦνĵֿˣղ֣ٻˮʱҩЧѾȫǿʹֻղܣʱԼɲܹҰ
㡭
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031 
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ͷʶͷŶȴüͷˣΪ󷨻ûн
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ӴóעɽʯȥֻʯмУһαǰ
޵߿ٶһ㶼ʶƷɽʯ
ʩչλλ֮ʶܵˣֻٶ
˿̣ʶĺôٶûС
߽ʯ뿴˿ִӴóһ󷨣ڶΧ
򵥵ķ󷨣ڵĵӶᣬֻҪʯضλϣ󷨾γɣҪ󷨣ֹֻʶӵãԷǿйƣʹڵ޵ߣҪһʱ䡣
γɣҪΣһЩװһЩСɽ
Ӷƾ磬ֻӰ˸һС͵ɽγˡԺеļ䣬ɽϵڿЩͼȻЩͼҪ˼Щͼ쳣ϴ
ⶴ׼ڶԺĵط
ӰֻžһһƬ޴ʯ
ţҫ۵ϼֱ޷˫ۡ
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032 Һ
һϲæ֮ͫϣǰһĻĳС
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мλãһСˮأˮһЩ֪Һ壬ϼҺɢĹâ
δоҺ̺ǿһϲһСرߣϸĹ۲еҺ塣Һ͸ûһ˿ʣ·Ϊ峺ĺˮ
Һ岢࣬ôŵҩĴƿţֻܴʮƿ
壬һЩҺŪоȷʵΪ䲻֪ʲô֪ˡ
ٵĴӴóʮƿ裬һֽϰãȻðЩҺڴƿڡŵҩĴƿ޵ʵƷʲô棬ͱʡ
Ȼ˵ҩ⣬޵˵Ҳûʲôõִƿ
ҿִƿ۲ߣȻڸӵҩʱ򣬾ҩƿ
Һ֮ʶȻʯɨȴȵķ֣ղŴҺǸСأҪΧŨ࣬˵ΪģΧɢ
ѵɽۣ
밵˼⣬ÿһɽ϶ۣС١ԽԽ࣬ɽԽŨ֮ɽϵҪϡ١Ȼһɽûۣûһ˿޵Ҳ޷
ӵɽҪû࣬ȻڲϵĲ޵ҲڿٵҲһӦơ˵ɽеʮŨ˰ԺԺأ
Ժ󣬼ʹزκα仯Ҳʱʧ
һḶ́Ҳнʱ
벻ǰǸ磬ӵɽһҲЩɽڰԺҲɽԣ
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СˮصĵطⱣֻǰѰݵĵطƽԺ
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ѴеĶŵһЩһڣȶСϵĿյϣ֮С
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033 ʦ
΢΢һ㶣ɫΪΡڻڣʹңҲϹϾʲôʱ˺˵ԭѹĵķṵ̆ӵĺˮһ㱬ҪߣҪûˡ
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034 ̽
󷨴򿪣붴֮Уײǽ޵ߣ䶴Ƿ񻹾̶ȣĶȵġһۿȥʲôͬ࿴ۣܸж̺ϵ⡣
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ɲݣʮҩԣһꡣ
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ǰСΪ֮£ֻҪǶС㣬Ӧòᷢ֡
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õɲ֮벢ûж˵һ仰뿪ҩ԰
صĵӣҲ֮뿪ˡ
׵ĶڣĵͷȻѾ񣬴ӽ쿪ʼʽΪҵӡ
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΢΢ͷҲ֪ˣ޵ֵֻ֮һޣָ֪ǰһϵ
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035 ľ
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û취ΪţֻðѵңĻ˵һ顣˵֮󣬼׵ͷһ¶Էȥ
ױ۾˼һᣬȻǾκε֪׼ϵ
һϵҪ濼ǣ֪ͬʱ󣬾Ѿˡ
Ҫشʱ׵ٴ𣬡ȱشңǻȥ룬ֻҸһЩؼ
ǣʦ
빧һǣתȥ
Ƭ̣޵˽ҩ԰ⰵмڸ֡
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׵һͷ壬ǰľϸ˵һ顣
׵ĶӣΪ˽˼άܣҲ쳣ڷܣУΪϲһˡ
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һ£ʱģʦҩ԰Ժ󡭡
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˶٣˵˲򵥣ǰһɢޣеõһ޴а׷ɱʧȥϢ
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֪֮ôΪңԺ󣬾ĵĳ
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üͷȻҲеԭ򣬡һ޻ϵ޵ߣֻֻڵΪûõǰа֮ǰ޵мû֪ĴڣҲûǿĻϵҲ֮ǰԼİɣ
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Ψһȱǣ̫ѡɫΡζķܹеİء
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ڵķϵȷʵ٣뿴۵ֻһ֣Ǳǡ
ڷϵһʮ󶥽׵УҲһϯ֮ء
ȵȻ⣬ѵãһЩĴڶӵС
Ϊ֮ȴ׻ã
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036 ؾ
ʱ䣬һЩ򵥵ķϵо߰˰ˣô޷ͬڵĸоֻܰؼؼʼؼ֮
ڣٵļΧͨȫëף뾭֮СھѭһܣΪڵ֮ڡ
ʱķɿ죬֪˶ãоճڵĶ壬޷Ӱ֡
ˣֹ죬շʩչ֮ؾȥ
ؾ󣬻ŴؼĵطΪԺ󣬲нйۿĶ
ȻеؼֻܴܿҪƣһѡ
ؾڣſĵӣ˿İλʦܣ
˵ΪպڣʦҲΪ
빰˹֣λʦ֣ʦףۿ޵ؼ
ԭʦĵӣ
΢΢һЦؾڡ
ؾ󷨴򿪣ӰһС
ؾľˣ֮У㿴ʮųǰÿһ϶д֣صؼ
磬סҩ󷨡
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ڣڷһľܣľϰڷžɵ鼮Ȼơ
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֮ھ֮Уѭûϵͷųֲ
Ժһֱص仰ǴһСػ桷鼮ϿģеһȻҪѻصĻյ֮Сǰ˵ȸԪػҪ࣬˵һȥٲ
˵ĺϸҲ˵ϵϻû˸ȥԡ
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δ˵ִ˹Сӣҿף㿴˼飿
ȷʵ˲飬ĿҲǿм߰˰ˣôһʣǰȷʵ˼顣

ЦڵĽУһ׹һʯţʯŴ򿪣һɫ۵˳
΢ЦΪߵľˣһָоԷɱһͷͿԡ
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037 
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ҪȻҪֻҪ۸ĺҾˡ
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038 
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뵽νǰɱʱʲôûô˭涨˫ްֻһ
ղȻδ׵缯壬ǵ׵ҲǴӹֱ˿ڵѪһѪڡʱ䣬ڵѪȶǿжܾܿҡ
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״æһϣ
¡
ХͷŶȻһǹҲͣ
ٻǹڣµĿ壬־֮ɫôܣôӵ壿
ܵХʩ߱Ҳᴴɫһ԰ףסӣôܣôƽջǵĹ
˲ɱµ޵ߣȻԷɵıƽˣ
ƽĲɣղʩչХʱ򣬿ǺǹӲһ¡ֱ˿̣Ժ졣־ˣδ¶һ˿ǿ̺ĲʣȻ˲ҡ
壬˵ȷʵη壬Ϊû˵嵽ʲôĴ¡֪˱̬ΪһãĻǱᱻյС
꣬ЩΪ治µ޵ǿߣҲʶʶͲ˵ˣڹʱҲҪʶƣֻҪһ˿΢ʶһһһǾпܱǿڡ
Цһ룬һС㣬ҾͲ㻹ǿкԿ
˵ţҪʩչ
һٵǰĿ졣
ʱһմ󣬵ڳÿ˶
޵ʧ˽ǧ꣬û뵽Ȼһ޵ߵС


039 ʦ
֮ϣһɫ۵նĽûзֻռ˵ǰ
߶һеһɨͣϣʦӰɣ
⻰һ˶΢΢һ㶣үүǻŵʦ֮޵ߡ
ȻߺʦΪʦ壬ѵΪʦһ㣿
Ҫ֪λʦΪǴﵽ˼޵ߵĶ塪ڡ
ǰòߣѵҲԪӤڵΪ
޵УԪӤڵ޵ѾǿߵķˣϾܴﵽڵ޵ߣǧ궼δܳһŬʲԴﵽڣôﵽڳ⣬ҪһĻԵɺϡ
΢΢һЦǰɣҵҲһ֣ҵ֣Ҫ죬ǿԺʦ档
漴ֿ룬Ҳ򵥣ȻȾ磬ϧڰ߲ûлԵѵǴ
ֻãһ·չʾڶԷ֮Уûκܡ̤鲽ƶֶΣ쳣ʹǰҲûֶⷬΣʦ棬ɼҲ˳Ӧ

۾ƺૣѶ˭ܸģ
ڿлصЦһ̤գʧС
ȥӰƹȣӳֵ뿪ֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬ûһ
壬Ȼһŭ룬Ҽǵã²ôˡ
壬űߵ˵ߡ
Ӻʶã֪ô׷ӵˣæʵʦ֣ѵ
һߡ
ûжʣ˽죬ߵл֣Զȥ
˿ֻ̣ʣˣٳһµ룬лл㡣
΢΢һЦѸղŵѹԺ󣬡лʲôҾ֮ͺˡ
ҧ´ƺʲôƵģӴóһƴСҩģݸ룬㣬ұľ֮
ţ
ͣҩ֮ϣҩͨͬɢŨʹԲҩ˽⣬Ҳ֪ҩ֮ҡͷûȥӲҩ٣֪Ҿ㣬ûҪĶҩ㻹ɣ
΢΢һ㶣ҩģ뿴ԺȻģ룬֪ʲҩ𣿡
ݣǰɣ
óҩĵʱ򣬾֪Ǻˡ
ٵͷ촦ĻõĻݣĲҪ
ҩȻȤȴûʱȥоˣӲǿѣҿóҪҩģԼŰɣ
Ҳ֮ˣջػݣ룬Ƿһ飬ҪʲôҪǵҡ
ҡҡͷȻ֮ͣαض룿
ЦˣΪĻʵ̫ˣЦ㲻ɣ

˳⣬뻹ٱŮ٩ڨڨؿһ٣ЦǲҪٿˡ
Ҷˡ
̾Ϣһмżʧ䡣
أٴӴóһƣݸ룬㣿
΢΢һ㶣ӹƣʲô
ٽ͵żңоҩǼһƵҩĵãлһЩҩƷԼϧҩ֡ҿ޵˽Ĳ࣬͸㣬Ϊҵ죬ǾʵԱ
Ƭֿ̣ˣ̧ͷȥķ򣬽ȭͷ죬ŻɽĵһǶġ
ӰһΪһ⣬ȥķ׷ȥ
޵ﵽԺ󣬶Ǳּ˼֣ʩչʱʱʹǱʹڶ޵Ҳδܷȥڻڵܴ󣬼еĵͽ׵ӣ֪ĵطȻһڵӱʳĶ
ȻΪСޣӵʱ򣬲û¶ĿʻҲ˻ơ
Ķ⣬޵ȥУʩչǱҲ֪ĸ˽ȥ
УʯΣø룬ҲɱͲҪ졣
ϣȫ޵ߣȻҲС
ڵ飬һɱƺ󣬵ʦ֣ҪҪھȥˣ
ҡҡͷҿСӳǸղźҽ˳һ߾裬ʹȫȥҲδɱ
ǣ
Ӻ֮вܣ˼¶ܴ󣬰õĹᡣ
˼Ƭ̣վʱ䣬ڵֵܶţȥˡ
Ӿ͵仰󣬵ãҲүүҪŷʱڶڣҲѷɡ
ͷѵ¸Сĵ㣬Ȼʦ֪Ժ󣬲˵ʲôҲүү֪
ȻӦͷʦ֣ͷİɣҰ㻹𣿡
¶ֵǻݣһҪõֻƳ˻쵤ҵʶܸȶҲʶ
˵ͻȻʲôƵĶ˵ǻȥԺ󣬺úù̵ܽӣҪǰѽ´˳ȥ
ʦ֣ͷİɣ
ͬʱ˵
ЩҲһʶ֪ǻ鴦׵ͺãүүʱصңҪ´ȥҪСʩչŵĵҲ˳嶯
̾ϢһȻѾˡ
Ƕȥɣ
˵˼䣬ڶ
ڣ㿴һ걳һʧ˭
һǰ
ôշֿͲʶˣ
뻺ת΢Цſ졣
󺧣ʵô
öԷ־壬ţΪܿصס𣿡
ɫһ㣬ŵ˵ܣүүҵġ󡯣˵һڵ޵ߣԪӤĸ֣Ҳһʱܽġ
ŵĿûеס
أ뵽ʲôղŵĻҲˣ
΢΢һЦȻɱңΪ⸱顣ھǰɱңھͶֺˡ
ƽȴһܣָоҪ֡
뵽ͷһ亹Ȼж׷ȴûаɱ룬үүǻŵʦɱңѵүүѰ𣿡
ͷް취ֻóԿʦɱﵡ
үүҿɲ¡
һ䣬ȫɢŨɱ
ɱ
ˣɫҲڿһôܣôɱ͡ɱڡʲôϵ
֮ž仰ʵʲôɣ˵ɱûйϵҲ
ȴЦˣΪĻЦˣû뵽һѧô޵ɶйϵѵϵ޵ߣÿһֵֿרһˣһΪ沩ѧ
ȥɣ
벻ڷϻһӣǰӴɱŶڣ嶴ΧĿñ쳣·˼ǰʱ˾ĹͫȻŴǾ


040 ɱ
ʣرɫӰΪһ⣬ǰӿգֱ¡

ɫ԰ףѷֵʶһԹȥӼǱ
䣡
һ죬һߵʯϣʯɣ
ʧȥ˵Ŀƣһڵϣ
ǣǧһʱ˭ȥעһ
ӽ磬ֱָĿڣæ㣬һڽ¡
֮ͷңһҲɱףɫǲ԰׵һŰֽ
ֹͣһ٣ڵϵɽС
ţ
оϴһʶһǿ֮һ˿΢ʶϵһ֮ϣȼ֮һʶӡǡ
׷ʱ򣬶ʶУϵӡǣԶ޷ʹ÷
ҿֻһǷȥʶһܵ¡
ÿһһȥϱʹá

һʶգʹıͷæջʶ
£ۼֿ죬յõ塣
죬ڶʱ£һɻصʶص˻
컹űͷʹӣ˫޹⣬ȻһǱС
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ͺһĿ£ɵͷϡ
һʱ䣬ոһ꣬һһǽһ٣صСɢŽ죬֪ҵĺˣû֪ɱ㡣
óӰϡֻѪ䣬㻯Ϊһࡣ
ٴͷţһ̯ϣȵĻ棬ȼճһƬޡ
뵣Ļŵ˲ʲôһݣˣʩչǱԶݶȥ
챻ɱܿ㾪˻ڵĸ߲㣬ңڣٳ϶ĶǴӶĺۼԿΪɱˣͬϴɱͬһ޵ߡ
ڣʵˣָ˵ȴãȻ
ΪڿνٮٮߣһµĵӣȻǺԡ
û˻ɵͷϣҲһڴͷõ촢ڣܣ»ŵһʱ
ȻЩСˣŵ޵ߣеľЩϵĵϣû뵽
ܰĵԺΪӵͬţһ㣬չһһҹֻ۳ƶС
ٶȣҲƲѣ뵽ЩҩϣƵҩȡһͻơ
ʱ䣬Ѵõ鼮оȻһЩҩƷ˽⣬ҲһЩҩд˷󣬱ȥҩ԰٣һЩҩģƵҩ
֪׼ҩоȲѣ룬ҩ԰ڵҩģֻſԵ˽Գۡ
Ȼûдõҩģȴ˵һҩĵİ취ȥгȥ
뿪ŵķΧƬ̣һɽڡ
ɽΧһּ򵥵󷨣ֹⴳС󷨶޵˵ν裬ֻҪʵﵽϣɴԽ󷨡
гڣϰ޵ŸƷϡЩ޵ߵΪһ㶼ڰ˲ңڵҲв٣ֻˡãҲδȺҵһڵ޵ߡ
޵ߣ޵ڸ֣һ㶼еӣȻӵĵطĽгÿɶ࣬Ķһ㶼ǳ֮ʱҲһЩϡƷһϴεõݡ
һгԽгĹҲһ˽⡣
ﲻ׼ףҵɵĵۡ
ڵϣ޵߱Ӯʦ壬ʲôָʾ𣿡
ŵĵΪ֮ϣȻʦ
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ǿδأղҿһŮӵҴææ˵ʲôأ
ﲻ֪ûУСŵĻͦ
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ʦ֣⻰˵ľͲˣ޵֮ΪʲôΪ˳ΪʲôΪҪŮˣƷͬζ
ԶЩһδ©ĴĶڣʶεǿ󣬼ʹȥҲܸܵΧһһǰһϰߣӲκˣʱʱ̶̿Ҫ־״̬
߼ԶֻΧ޵߷ӵȥһЩߵҲ̯ӣ˹ȥ
벢ûȥһԵ̯ӿȥ̯ϰڷһЩͷֽɢɰëʡ
ЩҪתһ̯λȥ
˼̯λûһҪĶ֪УѾӵƬ
Сã㵽ղ˵õļ۸ôַˣ
һȺд
۸ˣҪļ۸ʮ߽ʯŸʮ顣
Ůʮ࣬С
Сã˵Ҫ֤ݣߵĵѶԸֻ֤ҪʮʯҩȻãֻҩԣʮѾˡ
ǺӼ˵·ҩĳ˺ܴһ
Ҳ
ŮĬƬ̣ͻȻץҩģתҪ뿪
ʱǴӰһŮǰЦҲ򣬲Ҳ򡢡˵ţҪеһɫҩݡ
ŮΪʱⷬ棬ʱŵԭء
ۿŮеҩľҪ£Χ֮ȴûһ˳мڿЦ
ԭӵڵΪЩֱ
гȻά޵ڣҲֻйΪϾڵ޵޵綼ͷ˭ᶪ棬ᶫʹ˵ᣬǾǵﻴţܵǿֹ׷ɱ
ȻˣͨĽгᶫһֱһѼ
󺺿ǰŮӱɵˣûº֣׼õ뿪
ָҩݵһ˲䣬ŮһΪһ磬һԶȥ
Ůٶȿľˣתۼƹˣֱ
Ӱ
󺺾һתŮӶȥķȥǴŵЦݡ
ȺУͻȻĵӰĸŮΧȥΧС
˵ΪճڣʹŮ÷ϵΪķӰҲ޷ѡ
ʵ̫£ް취
Ů֪ͣ¶סӰ漴ŭ󺺣ǰʲô˼





041 Ѫ
󺺺ٺһЦߵŮߣС㣬벻Ұɣ
ֱ̧һƤߴ˺
Ƥߣ˺£ʹ޵ҲԿ
Ů΢΢һʧſ㣿
ɫг˾⣬һ˿ڡ
䲻ʮ꣬òഺɰüȴź䲻ıˡ
ѳŮŷͬ˵ľ˵ǿ̹ģ
ſߵŮǰ˰˵С㣬Ϊ뿪Ǿ޷һΪǻûзֻû뵽Ȼһãһ̣һɣ
Ůҧ´󣬴ѷ˿˿Ѫ㲻ú
ŭ֮£ѵ³һ仰
ſ仰Цŵǲúɱƣ񹲷ߣһǺúõĻš
ҲŹġ
Ůһ䴢Уһ䷨˳ֱſȥ
ת֡
ſӰһ㿪ǵȻϡ
תŮĿ£ſȥΪ̫ÿһιſɻ⡣
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Χ۵ˣ˾Ҫæ㵽һԣ꼰ء
ҲȺߵһԣΪѾӦгſŵѾ
ſ޵ߣƬ̺ҲӦĻŵӣüͷһ壬޵ѵһ֣ɱ
ŮҩһţȫŷſҲҪᡣ
ſЦһһģķתƴҵ뿴㻹ʲô
˷
ŮͺһȫȻȼܻ档
ǻΪɫΪأֻڵȼգȴղ塣¶ȼߣʹʮ֮⣬Ҳĸоǻ̺ӴŮ¶ʹ֮ɫȻʩչȵҪԾѪΪۡ
ͫһŮ壬ԾѪ
ѪΪ֮һ޵ߵӰھ֮ϡ
棬ϵߣµ鼮ҲѪ
ѪһʽֻҪؼȥɴﵽԪӤڡ
ǰѪν޵еһ壬з磬ܵĺ޵ߵĴѣ塣ڵӱɱŮ򱻸޵ǿΪ£Ů˫֮
ѪһΣǹ̶ǸĸӵѪߣضӵѪĸûѪԶ֡Щ޵÷ŮΪ²Ǹԭ򣬶Ϊ¯ԪΪ
ŮӳΪ¯һΪп飬һΪյ߰˰ˡԪǲ̲˵ŮԪڱǵľѪǵᵱ
Ů߰Ը¯ΪŮʮа˾ţȥ
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ſϲ񣬴ЦԭԶģҲԪҿ¼仹ж˵ҡ
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ſ˵һѪ˳ɫ԰ֽûû¡
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ŵӣ֪ſôһ˵ɵȥ·ȷϡ
밵̾ĻòĶҲñ˵õôһ˵ʹԺŮദҲ߾֮ģűˡӦ֮ߣҲģȻ⽻гֱţ£ѵĳ˿Ӧóֹһ𣿡
һ˵дʣΪ˾ŮŻһ
ҲͷСĳȴˣŮڼתֻſʱ벢ûг֣Ƕ㵽Ⱥղ·ͻȻûע⵽ǰ
۷׷ʱվߵŮһ֮ɫɫһû崿˫С


042 
ŮϣȵĻ滹ȼավߣȴвһ˿ܣǻϵϢϢأƺǻһ֡뿴ŮɫҲһ˿øУǳ˳⣬һζŮĸо
ΣŮٵĴһϣȼյĻʱɢ
Ůɫ԰ֽȻղŵķ˲پѪ
ȻվڵϣһƮĸоһܸ
ſЦһãСӣҼǵˣҪٿ㡣
޵˵һߡʩչʱԶȥ
ȥȴΣ׷ȥ˽ȴŮƣ
뿴Ůĵ㣬û°ɣ
кܶ໰ʣߣȴ֪Ӻ˵𣬻ôһ˽Ů˵Щͻ
ŮȻȴĹɫ㣬ϣɢһɸ߹ƣ˲ֱӡ
ߣ
ŮƺмĹϵͷתһԣгȥ
Ůȥ벢ûǶŵӵǰǴȥʣ
ǣʦ塣
Ӧ
˿̣ŮѾ뿪г̫࣬ûȥҲûʩչһɽȥɫã֪ӦߵȻƺʲôһˮ䣬ڵϣ߲Ứ
ɽһڣһڶʯڡ⴦ڻžڣ뻴⣬һСɽϡСɽԣҲۣɽмûޣҲû޵֮ˡ
ʯϣһŮŮɫ΢΢мѪɫ
ŮǱˣǴӽгзѪŮ
Ůվһӣʶ˫أ㣬˭
ŵӣ·һ˾ȵӡòʱ΢΢һ㶵ô
Ȼ룬Ů뿪гֳһʶڶԷϡŮڣʩչߡɽתһʱȷû˸Ժ󣬲ڴ˴һŮҸһЩƵ˵ҩָ
ŮƣĻҪ⣬ڵȫľѪҲʧȥ˴룬ഺ٣޷ȥʹһƣ޷á
ŮһҪĵɫҪ̫࣬Ϣһʱɣ
ң
ŮڵƻָһЩɻ֮ɫ
ɲ뱻Ůɣҽܵãҽ룬ŵӡ
Ůƺ飬һ˵ɣҪʲô
Ϊڸ־϶ʲôĿġСĸ͸ҪκӵзѪʹҲ˵ΪЩ޵֪ԺһǧټƵõ塣
ʯվݸһЦ㿴𣿡
ŮЦһǱģҿˡ
ȿȣ
ɿô󣬻ǵһαһСŮô˵æתƻ⣬Сãʲô֣
ΪʲôҪ㡣
Ůƺ׼ɫ䲻ȵ
ûмȥŮһۣת򶴸ȥ
ŮҪߣżˣæʵιȥ
һߣһߵȥģȻ뿪ˡ
Ůɫһ䣬ѿڶˣô죿
˵ţҪ׷ȥ
ôô죬Ҫˡ
Ӷſڴ˹
ŮҪ´ͻȻȫһڵϣϣ
̧ͷ򶴸⿴ȥһˣæ룬һҲ˵𣿡
֪ʱָֻܹƣˣܻܿ
ڿлصţӰʼûг֡
ŮЩЩڣĸɱűˣȻΪѵͣûκĿġҲҪȥΪĸ
룬ֻҪģҶӦ㡣
ػ䣬Ůʵ˵
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044 
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ῴ󣬲Цһһĳԣôһˡ
ȴǵȻһЦûж˵ԹԵĳš
˳һʱͻȻ߽һȺˣȺȻŷ˵·ȴһۿǶ޵ߣΪͣﵽ˹ڵľ硣︽û޵ɣһ³˶޵ߣĺ档
ȺԱߵλ֮ͷʶ
Щƺģ˵ҲûͷŻ֣·ûаΧ˷ϡ
ֵܣһϢʦʱһ
һ޵Ц˵
޵ӵзһ£޵˵˿ģɼǼ
һԵ޵¶֮ɫһ˵ôʦ֣ʦʲôˣ
ΪʦֵˣΪˣֻЦŵһܲĶ׷ֻǲ֪һСʦôҡ
˵ţһϵĴһжһöԲεָ
ָʮֹӣʢʵ޼
Ⱥ޵߼󣬶¶Ľ֮ɫһ˵ʦ֣ʦôȷⷨŮʹùİɣ
΢΢һЦҿҲ񣬲ûŮ֣֮˭һ
ǰֻҪþУʲôʽأ
Χ޵ߣҲ͵
ȻһȻ󣬵ỹǸоˡ
룬ôˣ
һֱרĵĳԷû͵Ⱥ޵ߵ̸֮˵ôȻ֪
ҡҡͷԣȥǱ߿
˵ű޵ȥ
ΪԶˣʵЩ޵߸벻һͨˡڴŷ˵·ûһ˿òҲƽ쳣Ȼ޵ߡ
˼æʵѣʲô𣿡
û뵱ͨ˶Դ˵ҲֻǲףԷ޵ߣΪǵ̸󣬻ǰڨ
ûлش˵ĻһߵԱߡͣöָϣһһٵʵǵʦ˭õģУһɣ
һ⡣
Էԭ뵱ͨˣôһʣǾ֪˸֣޷Ϊĸ֡
һѣʲô𣿡
ɫȻûһ˿飬ȻشҸղŵ⡣
޵߶а˷ȻоΪ֮ϣϾûȷʵӶԷĻʵش
վ룬ѣǸ㼸ӣô˵Ĳֵӣֻöˡ
һöָǰɢĹâ
ͬʱ༸޵ҲԵķ׼
սһݵƹæ˹Ȱ˵λүССλʲôԹܲȥ⴦
˵ţǾ֮ɫһҪ뿪ˡ
ڳԷĿˣз֣Ȼ֪Ҫʲôæе꣬ӵЩСģܳȥûˣȻŻˡһЩˣǾ·Ǯˡ
˿̣ǮȷʵҪǱʱ뿪ݣܱסС
Ȼ޵ߣ޵ߵĴ˵Ҳ˲١УЩɵ޵ߣɱ˾һֻô򵥡޵ڶ˽ԣЩĵֻҪ壬ʬ޴档


047 
Ӵóһö߽ʯƹǰ˵ȥ
һƹߵĻȥæʰʯڼƵĲ뿪˷ݡ˿̵ķڣ˶Գֵ⣬ֻһ˻ڳԷƺûһζľ׽˷ˣʱ̾
һĻڷγĶԱȣ˵˸о
һ⣬һϵİ׿ˮ˵ǼҲںˡ
ȷʵûеڣ˵öָõ
ϣһӴɢѾ׼ˡ
ɢ˵˱ӦǵΪһɫ쳣ѿ
ŬѹĵĿ־壬ѣǰǺԹ޳Ƕ֣ƺЩ֡
һѾǻᣬǲ֪ա
Ӱһһ޵ߵǰֻȭڶԷؿϡ޵߷ӦҲ֮Ĳ̫ڵһ˳ȥ
ɳȥͬʱǼķҲС΢΢ֻžવ촫ѡ
̵һǷȻǶ׷Ҳһ֮顣
Ψһɾǣһ֮ﵽǧϵֻ鷨
ǧͨڵ߸޷ӵУֻЩڶ߲ǿʩչ
ڶڵĸ֣ûлʤĿܣǹ޵ĵ쳣̬ӵڵķ
˼֮ʱ¡һɵ޵ײκˤڵϡ
֮³һھѪȫȫѣһʱ޷׻ָˡ
ӰһֳԭأǸǵĳͷ˵ָõ
ڵΪɱһ޵߶ѣ˵Щڵ޵ˡ
¾ˣóԷҪɱǾԱϻҪ򵥣æ˵ǰŵĹҲ֪ҵȾܸ㡣ʹɱǣҲ˵ɵ֡ϲҿ͸㡣
͸ң
ЦˣһץһӴͷųȥնϾ˷֮ϵһӣָɵСָ֣񿴵ֱһ˸˼ɫ
˱ᷨһ˺󼸲һھѪ˳Χ޵æסʹûеڵϣм˵޵ϣԷϣ¶֮ɫû뵽Է־Ȼ֮ݡ
ǰΪɱ֣һֱΪֺķû޵ˣֻ˶Է
ָٴ˵ǶҪҸһʱ䡣
³һѪ룬ǰ̫
޵ߵڣǿΪûʵͱ˵ѾǻˣֻаաöָҺҪֻҪתߡ
㲻˵ƭ𣿡
˾öԷɱ˲۵ħͷһ
һЦʵ𣿡
һ£ãҸ㡣
Χ޵һæȰ˵ʦ֣ܸ
˿Цһʦ֪ˣҲҵġ
˶٣ǰХڵӣöָʦҵģǰеǰĵطǰ£ָȷʵ֪
󣬲ûжʣתߵߣ߰ɣ
һȤζӣ
֪ʲô㻹ôѲɰǶɱˣ
ȷʵôģôһ˵ƤͷȥХڣ
ͷһöָ֮һγԵ£ұŪ
鲻Ǻܺãû׷ȥɵĵͷ
ȥ˵һһ޵æʵʦ֣ôʦŸˣ
̾ϢһΪҲˣڶĸ֣ҲΪŹ𣿡
ͷŵ̺ɱ;âڱղ˵ɣʱѳΪһʬ塣
ǵӵѵ㲻ȥң
˰ڰ֣ĵ˵ΪȻһҲǰȥҡ
ŮӣҲڵĸ֡
ǰ治֪ĵ俴Ϊȴ˸ߡ

еѹȫͷų
˿̣ھ֮ϣҲõһԹԵķš
ڿзһᣬߣ벻صĸоôá
ָ£ػشϲͶһᡣ
Ტûзɿߣĵ룬ҿĳöָҪ
Ҫ
˵һ䣬ᣬֺ
öָȷʵҪֱ˿̣֪ĵλ
ָ͸Ϊһͳû뵽Ȼ˵͸ĶҲϲֹһöָ͸ʱֽţģճһС֣ǡ
̾Ϣһδ޵ɵʱһλδӣһˣֱɣʧȥ˺֮ϵҴѲȥҹţû뵽Ȼ͸ָ
ͻȻʵ㰮𣿡
һû⣬
ǰһЦ˵ֻκ˶޷ӡǡ
ֱ˿̣öָӿĵ֪ȷʵ
˷ǣ¹Ǩҵܺһ
޵֮ˣĽᣬΪĽһղ⿪Ϊһ޷ӡ
ᴵɫȻĿǰİƣţš
ûд룬Ĭĺһɵĺӡ
֪˶ãһƬɽУָĵϵããɽХ𣿡
ͷӦ
ؾڵ鼮ˣǳڵɣ֪λá
ХͬڳڣλڷʶϲΨһɡ
֮ʶɢӦΧ
Ƭ֮󣬱ӦɽһӴ󷨣֪Хͷֱǰȥ
߼оһ嵲⣬һһСУʶ֮ϼ仰һ֣˳ȥû֮ڡ
Լһʱ䣬ϵ΢΢һ۵ĵ˳
˿վǰһһŮΪϣ΢΢һ㶺󣬹˵λǰʲô𣿡
š
뿪żɽ
ɫһһ˾ܾǰʵڶԲűչκˡ


048 ·
չ
һЦȴƽе˶ڱչɣ
ǡ
СĻشߡ
ǺãڹµˣЩҪ
⡭
Ӳ֪ʲôԭԥ
ôХڲӭɵ޵𣿡
״̸Էһñӡ
Ӳû̻ش𣬶Ǵһᡣ
ǰ˵Ӳ˵λǰԵƬ̣ȥ֪ͨʦ塣
һ񣬱֮ڣʧڡ
뿪֮ԴЦʵ룬ǿʲôҿɱȥʶʡ¡
ҡҡͷһɱȥɡ
һӵ񣬵öָ͸İ֮˵ȴڱ˵ֻһԭǾХڵǿˣɻǾʲ뿪Ҳаɣ
ᡰŶһʵɱǣЩڵ޵أҲȫɱˣˣΪȥǸ֣ڽڵ޵ǰһָͷǡ
ٺһЦЦ绨ҵȻףղŵĻҲ̫˰ɣЩȥ
뷨ֻⲿӣ˵»δŪ壬ָԻǸһ˵
ǲ˵أ
¶һΨ²ҵɫѵХŶˣ
Ĭˣ޷شᣬ۽֮С
һһϣдѣʱ㻹ã˵
˵ʲô
֪Ϲһ˻˵
̧°͵룬ŮƯ𣿡
˰죬ʳһӪĻ
аɣ
ֻǰĳŮòﲢҪֻҪ˾ͺá
ӶСȭͷߺߵʲôаɣƯƯƯǲƯаʲô˼
Ư
ʵᣬһλش൱ɴࡣ
˵ţ󷨴һ϶߳һߣΪһҲڡ
߿ᣬ΢΢һ㶣漴ֵλѣƶ֪λǰкҪ£
һһöָǰöָѿʶ
ָһ㶣ɫһⷨôϡ
֪ҶˣʵⷨǴӴһХڵϵõǰҲΪ
һǷôˣ
û£ֻ֪ڴӺζ
ԷѰɫҲһЩǴɽϼġ
һͫȻһĸɽ£
ûиодһ˿š
üͷɫܿöָҪȻǴڵɽڵõ
ͷǲˣǣ
һҲΪˣһ˵ֱˣĸо
ֻɲϣһ亹æ˵ѣȷʵǴɽм񵽵ģƶûаٻ
˵Ϊδ䣬ĿֻҪҧƶм٣Ը׵
޵һ㲻Լģģʮְ˾Ŷġ
ɫһ˼Ƭ̣㣬һǰǲǼһŮӡ
ҡҡͷѣҲö֪֪ҿʦһ¡
ղŷģЩˣͬΪ޵ߣΪҪԷͷʱ˿̻£ҿ϶ʱģԷԻԥĳ֡
ֵᣬ룬ԴΪﵽԺ󣬻û˶
˽£᲻ֹһҪܾˡ
һ첻µزµˣֻҪ벻飬û顣ŮԸһñٲǿѹԸԼĵ塣
ͷ㻹ȥ
ƣһҲ֮
ȴһ䣬˵ѣ
Х뻴ŵɷȫͬɽ²дţֲһΧվŵĵӣбǰӴӡӣ̬ȹ쳣ͬʱ¶֮ɫ
޵ͬһΪ಻̫һ㶼ƽӵб̬ĹֶΡ
ôҲǱ̬ǿߣϾЩ޵߶ڴ˵е
˼ƿնȥǰ֮塣
壬ХΨһһŮɽ塣
ɽ壬ȴʮ֮ࡣϾ޵УŮıܴ
һͻȴͬڲй̶ɽõеĵ⿪ٶвĵطȥѯʦһȣХڵŹҪȻϸ࣬벻ɽ
Զ㿴ǰ̣֪еչˣһŴµķݽɽ֮УеӴӷڽЩŮӿˣ޲¶ɻ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪еǰҲɽӲ
ЩŮ¶֮ɫæһԴô¸ˣ塣
˵ţɵߣλѣȷ涨ϿС
ͷڳɽȥ
˸ɽϣһŮӶŮΪߣڰ˲ӣ䲻ʮ˾꣬ò㡣֮󣬾Ŀˣ󣬲һ㶣󹧾ʵʦ壬ô㣿
ȴɻ
ʱ¶ɫȻʦģ𣿡
Ůӵʦ䶴ڵС
ͷһӵȥɣҴλȥ
Ȼɻ󣬵ǹĵͷʩչΪһ̹ʧ
뿴ԷΪߣȴѷϵ˾磬Ծ̾ѡ
ƺɻһǰߣһߵХںɲͬɴ඼أХڣµĵӣʦĽ̵°Ͱ
ΪﵽԺ󣬻ǰһЩɽȻٻɽΪĵ
˵΢΢һЦЩӣƶͽܣǱһĵӡ
Ϊ򵥣ûɱﵽڵΪЩ޵ʱûеҩ£޲Ǵ粽ѽʹӵеҩʮҲҪʮϵʱ䣬ʹʹˣѣҲҪҡ
ղӣˣţʮ࣬δͻƹڡ
ͻƾ磬Ҫأһƿ֮ʱһͻƣʱһ޷һءˣХڵӶһ𣬳⣬ʱ䶼۵Ӳį
ʱһǰһ붴ڣһŮӵ˳ʦ֣ʲô㴵ˣҲµĲ㻹ǵһҵ·塣
࣬ǶʮŮӡ


049 
󷨴򿪣̽롣
ڶ֮УΣһٸò˿֮ϲһɫķ
ٸΪݣɽϽ̵ɽ
վһɨʦ֣λǣ
һְԭίϸ˵һ飬ż˵ʦãǼɽõģ㿴ǲµӶʧķ
һָУɢŵĹΡ
ݿָüͷⷨҺһΣֻǡ
ӡ󲢲̣һʱû
ûдŶԷԺе¡
Ƭ֮Ƶʲô֪˭ķˣôϣ
һǰŵŮģ
ݾһղŵٶʵ̫죬ûп壬ѹĵɻ󣬻˵һǰɽһΣ·ɽǡһŮҿͦ־ָС
Ȼ
źͳ֮һУǼڻ𣿡
ݵͷͦõģʲһ㣬Ҫɻˡ
䣡
ĻûֻԺ죬ƺʲôһ㣬˺ѷΡΪڳİһ̣Ҫɻ£Ըӵܡ
ɻˣ
ݣһһٵʵ˭ɻ飿
ϣʱͷųӴƣΧ˱Ƶһ֮⡣
棬ﾪܸоҪɱֻҪһͷСôܣֻڵΪΪôǿ󣬼ʹЩڶ޵Ҳˡ
ֻ֪Ϣôһ棬ûлشٴʵң
ʱ˿̣ǰĳߵӰһ˲غϣ·һˡ

ݵ˼ɫ쳣ѿ
ͷƣһͬ޵ߺˣȳ棬˭Ҳܡ
ȥ
ȭͷ˵
ݾĵͷһʱ嶯ʲôڵ¡
˼ŷеһƬɽڣﳤɽҰӣ飬һ߼ʡϡһŮĻЦһ࣬ɽھþõĻصš
磬˵仨Ư𣿡
ڣһ£òŮӣһɫСһЦ˵⻨Ưǰڼҵʱ򣬾ϲĻǻл̫죬Զһ̡
ӣԼʮ꣬ò㣬ΪǴﵽ˹ڶ塣
΢΢һЦһǻɵУ仨ʱУ档
Ů˼Ƭ̣Ц磬Ļʼô£һĺܿġ
һǻգΪ仨ƮŮȻҵУȻҪһǧһ򱶣ÿ˵ﶼһ仨ôһ䡣
𣿡
Ů˸ҸĹâ磬ҡ
΢΢̧𣬴ϵҪ˵Ҷס
ɵĵͷ磬룬ǻҸġ
ʱȻת⣬ȻˣΪβ
ߣ⿴ȥֻ΢΢Ĵ£΢΢ζȴûӰ߶ʵ磬û
ɫȻֵľͷΪ̫ǳӦڸŬȵ˹ԺǾͽΪ¡
ţ
صصһͷ
ڣһӰ˵ǰ
ٶ̫죬˲ǲۻˡ
ӰһŮǰǰŮֻһ˵ĵӰ
ƺʲôæǰ˭ʲô
ǰѰҵĳԭΪһЩˣԷĻﻹڵѪǰİǰ飬һȫʱʲô룬ֻ뿪
ȻһǰᣬĸԸĸߡ
ûлشĻ³֣ÿ
һЦڵΪΪÿʱ𣿡
û𣿡
ȭͷɢӴɱ˵һ飬ÿ
΢΢һ㶣Ҳоϵɱ̫ӴӴҲûܰȻ¡ڳߣÿϵĴһģķǰӴƴɢǹɱ
˶Գţƺʱ֡
ͬʱӰ˳ߡ
һ룬ԣǵ
ᰲվ󣬾Ŀˡ
˵һ㶣ʦ֣ʲôˣ
һߵĳʦܣҲһɵ޵ߣͬЩԵ
һڳ˵ݣе˼ԲĸɣҲö֪Ϊû
Ե
һЦȻǹȥˣαǿҽ㲻ҪХڡ
վߵᣬ˿ЩȥЦХôѵԶ𣿡
Цˣƺûа˷Զ٣ҲûһԶ
Щһɷϣȷʵʱ
ɫ䣬һһٵĵԹñˡ
յȭͷȻ̧ȭͷϣȵɫƺҪȼһС
ȵĻ棬Ҳüͷƽ
ˣ¶֮ɫ;ĵȴû뵽ȻһߣҰ似͵һͬȭͷϵɫ棬ϵϸûмعȴܿ϶¶ȼߣֱ׷ߴ
ÿǾɣ
ӰһȻȭ˳ʩչָؿڡ
ͫǼģķȻӭ롣
һ죬ӴɣһѪ˳
빥ƲǰۿҪһȭ֮¡
أɳֱȥһȭɱôҲضˡ
ɱĻᣬ˫ȭӶֻȭӰھ֮£ɳȥ
ӴĳȭϵĻҲڻɷͬʱϨ
סΣܺãһϰɣ
Ϊ˳սʤˡ
Ҳһߣ룬ΪôǸɵɣ
ƽɱ޵ߣһɱèһ򵥡
ɫ쳣ѿƷɵҲˡ
ʶһɵǰ״ǲҪХڡ


050 
Хڣ
һЦЩʧĳһһٵֻ֪ҵδޣ˭ңǲݵĵˡ
һĻУԷԲǿЦŭܿĻɱ֡ϾĵӣҲХڵĵ̣ǴХµӶˣХڱضΪ޵һЦ
סе˼ֻ㳾ԵδޣѾХڣȥһжΪӰ
벢ûݵĻԵǹȥ
һߵĳ˵δֵʱϳָӵɫ
ɽУΪ˾ϧʹаһĻۿʪˡ
һֱһӰǱ롣Ȼһѹȥһǿгȥ𣬵һζλ䣬·ϵӡǣڲ
ÿ뵽룬ﶼԸӵʹˣԼǿСϱˣͬ˽Ϊ¡ǱʶѾɱʹȥҲûһ
ȴͬ벢ûȥǻĳǰ
ۼ˫ԽԽң֪һǰʦܲ˵һ䣿
΢΢һ㶣ǵͷѾ޵֮ˣȥһжȥˣҪȥˡ
ÿɷĵͷͣϣӣֹһγڵУôϤôſţͻȻãˣһӶǵˡ
ˣиһݣδ
ڣ˼ԺзӵΪƬƬ˼ص
롣
λصڼˣᡣ
ʱҲڿųط·ߵһСļ¶ʱǣ޵֮˽ҪõĶĺ壿

Щʣһǰ˵İڻ
һӵ˵һУһ˵ķ·һ
һĻڳ˶û뵽иɢŭĻ⣬ıһһ٣ɵķǰ͵Ϯȥ
ߵһУһȫڳϡ
ۿҪǰɱűųĶ·ߵһж޹ء
ǧһʱ̣һһĹ
֮𣬡ХҲǳʮ֮һѵͻõֶ𣿡
⻰˵ʮ̸˿һñӡ
һٻطǰ㵽ݣͨı£Ҳ뿪
𣿡
ῴһۣЦ
˿̣Ҳӳ˳㷢߰ɣ
ԥûУĻһͷ
һֻ̣һϵرȥֻҪߣҸ
֮ɫһӦңһУҪһΪʲô
ŭ֮£ԳĳƺҲˡ
ûлͷͷϣ磬Բʵʵһֱ㵱ȥ
һ壬һɱһ룬ܺãҾǰɱ
Ҫ
ƺ֪æ磬Һమģͷȥòá
ЦˣЦô㣬һԴӦХ¾Ӧ
üͷһ壬ƺ⻰ʲô
¶ã֮ɫʲô룬˵֪£
ͷ˳һҪĵɫ˵Ҳ֪ʲôҲ֪Ȼ˳ҾҪ뿪һǾ仰ǲʶ࣬Ҳֻºˡ
ƺûаĻϣЦôĿͲ·ϣ
ΪˣȻѾ֪ͨڵǿˣֻսپˡ
ڵĿ£ٵ֮ϣֽգɫĻ˲ȼգӰһȥ
ߣӲӭȥ
ĹȻǿ󣬵»Ϊ塣ȵĻպͷӴȫʧΪһ鷲һӿе죬ɫ԰ףЩ޷ʩչ
ӰһȭȥҵֵӰһ˹ȥ
˲䣬صѣХڣѵΪһŮ˺ХΪС
ûԷһȭݣҲûеֵһߡ
ﾪڵΪȻһ棬ʹ˺޷֮
뱧ųͬ˶Գ֣ͻȻߣȥ
ԥһ£á
˵ţҪƿնȥ
ԭŵɫȻһЦ߶߲ˣڴȫʦѾˡ
뻳ĳĻһæ˵룬Ҫˣ߰ɣ
ҡͷȻȻ˵ҲߵģԷΪǿҲҪ뿪
ߣ
һЦСҵҪ㻹ֶܼá
֮ϣһԶٶȿľˡ
ԭ׼ȥᣬһߣ룬ô죿
˿ѱҲû룬˵߰ɣҸ취ȥ
һڰ֣Ц㲻ǺҿЦɣǰ󷨶ˣΪܳȥ𣿡
Բκ㡣
ЩھΣΪ£Ҳͬһðա
ȴЦˣЦʮֿģ㻹ǵһ˵ԲʵҲûʲôԲģ㣬ͱſɱˡ
һ£ֽ˵ܺİۣҲǿġ
һ仰ܾùֵֹģʲôȴͻȻ
üͷһ壬ᣬ˵ʲô
ûЦȻ룬ǵӦҵ£ΪҸĸ𣬴뿪ɣ
˵꣬һӴǹ۳һ˵Ӱ񣬷һķ
֮ϣǵȻһ٣ԱȸղŻҪٶȷ
ɫһ䣬ͬʱѿڶŮ
ǹɻΪ˵ڿһ뵽ڡ
Ҳ֪ҪʲôæߣַļϣһɴڣѹסҪȼյľѪˣƻûгȬȻʩչ˷ɢ𣿡
ἴȼյľѪǿѹסüͷһ壬룬ȻһעҪϣҡȻֻճڵΪȼȫľѪʹ޵ߣҲδȫ˰ɣ
룬߰ɣ
֣·ľ𣬡ҸȫҸŮˡ


051 Ѫս
ԭأ⻹ʶǸ𣿾ȻԸԼȫˡ
ȻעһҪϣҡ
ԺоþõػصÿصһΣ붼ڵѪһΡ
أɿеĳ뿪ｻˣߡ
ȻѳƵǰȫȻͷŶӴϢ
Ϣĵ壬ɱµ
һ£ؿһۣ֪ΪΣջǵͷ֣յķƿշ
涣վķ֮ϣź룬һ£ҵȢҡ
ڿлصӰѻΪһ⣬ʧ֮ϡ
ǲ빲ˣǵΪﲻæ
룬һһİˣ׻ӳХڡ
뿪Ŀߣһߡ
˫Ŀͨ죬Ȼһһӿз䣡
꣬Хӵ쾡¡
շӰһҡҡλΣҪӿе¡
һĴһǰ
ӷĿ£ȻŴлΪһȥ

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û뵽ԷƽȴӵŽµ޵ķ
Сģ
ۿҪնɱһԵĳݴѵ
أһͷ֮䣬ֻѵһڷ֮ϣͷʱͣٴ𣬽ӻΪ⣬תۼʧڿС
ǰһȦзȥͬʱһɫ۵Ҳ£ڳߡ
æӳݣʦ塣
ͷϣǸɵĵӣΪλʹ
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ŶԷ˵
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ڰ֣赣ģѾͷӲ˵ģʰȥǡ
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ǲңΪûк˵ʱ
Ŷ
¶֮ɫʵô˵ʱô˵ˡ
ɫһ䣬һӴͷŶֱȥ
һ̫Ӵ󣬸ֵܹģҪʱһһѪ⣬ǰһʱͷųӴɱǹɱ쳣Ӵ󣬾Ȼѷһߡ
Ũа
⾪һЦСӣԽԽȤˣ㲻߳ڵӣһ治ɱ㡣
˶٣ֵ켴ʹ̫ı£Ҳ뿪
һǵٴθǰֻⷨһѳìì⺮˸Ȼһķ
ȥ
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ѪնĴ֮һʩչ֮ʱͨھѪע뵽֮ڣǿĹȡȻǿ󣬵Ҳ壬˿̳취⣬Ѿûиõķһ޵߿⡣
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ײƬ֣Żɳϵ·ò۰ϸǻѪۣѪɼǣĿġƺӦƣٴ죬ƺ˵ʲô
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ţƺҪ֣շȥ
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ӰһƯڿУŷƴš
ϣ˿ĿɿڴǱΪֻҪһָܰɱȴû뵽Ȼˣкͷս˿̣ѪͷŶֵѾЩ
·磬ĵô죬ҪҪٺһʦ
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ţ
ͻȻһϲֲ˶ˡ
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ҲͷȰСɱԺǾȥҳѾͷԪΪضܴǡ
˵ֿһοɱˣͻڣɲҪ˴Ӧǵĳŵ
ãЦ˵ĺˣֻҪҵõԪһ쵤ҩλ


052 ɱ
֮ϣѪ⽻֯һÿײһΣ޴졣
ɢӴĳ˶ԶԶ˵һߡ
ԽԽأӶٶҲ
ڵľѪڿٵţǿٵС벻ֶ֪ܼ೤ʱ䡣аѾȫģʶ͸꣬ʶӴ󣬴˿ѳΪһû塣
˵Ѫֹͣ
ӳһѪâȻһҧʶһ㣬һ졪ʡɱ
ڿлصΧӿ뽣֮ӴΪģγһ޴ѡڿٵת٣󡣵Ѱ嶼֮ͺһȥ
ѳȥž޴ѷì
һá
˵ţͺٻؼķ
óѣһȭԼؿϣѪ磬֮ϡ
Ѫӳ˰ߴ󣬼ٷɻصĳìʱѾС
ž
һдì㱻ƬɢڿС
ͬʱһΣЩӿеʧȥҲˣǺɱ룬֪ɱԷҪ˴Ĵۣ֡ʱ򣬺ѾãżѣĴӭȥ
ֻһ磬ͨɫ֪úֲƶɡ
ȻǷıӲȫĹҲֵܵһѵĹơ
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ͬʱѹͷҲΪ֮һͷŵѪҲ֡
һңʶſĵӴзɳȻǽ޵ߣһЩҲļˣĵֵܵѣֻʩչĵ󣬻ܴХڻ߳ȥ
ļÿһУ嶼һΡ
ļ֮ʧ¶
ϵѪ⼫̺Ŀƺʱɢ

һ㣬˵һȥ
ɫһͻȻתʩչˮϵķȥ
죬ȴһģһѪ⣬׷ϡ

ݹдһ˺ѷεĺӿе䡣
һĻõϹۿĿɿڴȫû뵽ͷȻлɱˣӿеƣʹҲҪˡֽΪԶ޷ָơ
ѪΪһѪ⣬ɽڡ
˿̣缴ľӰһϵϡ
ˣɨֻâڱ᲻㷴ͷ

ϬĿһɨҪʩչϵȥ
Ҳǵ֮ͽۿԷҪֶεɱǣԼеֵ
ʱԶգһչеĻշ£쳹ʡ
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СȫҩﵽڽΪ˿˫Ȳô죿
ȻɫһЩҲҪҪҪ׷ȥ

ûлشҲ֪׷ȥʲô±Ͼҧҧȥʦ壬ȻپǷȥ׷
ĻܾȻ뽻֡
˱Ƭɽͷ
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ʦ塣
æǰ
һʶͷŶڷϣ󾪺Ŵͣʹõʲô˷ʦ壬ʶڷʦʶ޷ǻǰ̧鶴һЩʦȥΧɱɣ
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Хɽ֮£ųƻ˹ڵ޵ߡ
ЩӶǽ˳ǰΧᡣХڵ̫ԶЩӻûиȻΪˣҪսţһʱ侹޷˵İΧ
ХڻڴȫҪǿгƴҪһʱ䡣ᱻô˾żȥ޷ȥϾսѾڵӵע⣬ò˶ãЩӱ֧Ԯ
˿̵ĵĲԼİΣʵã˵᲻£
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ƻϵ۶Ļ˰ЩȫɱԷʩչʲôϻ󷨣һͱһɾ
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һȺԣϱһ֣ݡ
뾫Ѫ̫ȫƤѾɿݵƤʮ꣬ȴһˡóڵӣΪģʩչϵס塣
뱻ֵӰŮͷʩչȭһӺȥ
ںϻˣ뵽ͻȻ͵ϮǿҲڵĵӡ˵ΪԶ֮ϣͻȻ֣Ǹ첻
һȭһӷɳʮȭʮѾˡ
ϻһƳЩĶ֣
Ż˻ɱʣĵӣͻȻһǰߣвڸָˡ
˵ţ㱧Ůʩչȥ
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Ϊ֮£оھҵĲæʵ룬ڸʲô
ûлشƺûһ㣬ԹԵֵķ
˫һ죬һʵ룬ΪסѪ⣬ѵҾͲ𣿱ǷŮӵзѪ۷ȻǿҿԺ𲻵κá
һķ΢΢һͣ漴ָֻԭ
룬һ壬㱻һɿֲ˻
ûֺϲãʵĻУҲ쵽ʲô˼ܵʵãôˣڸʲôҺúò
˵˵ţ
һ̣ͻȻɽУΪ˾ϧٲһĻ
ٽ죬ʱ
Ժѭ֣ÿһǸӡ
Ứ˳ǾӣȻĻ䣬Ϣ


053 򽣹
룬˸Ÿӵôɵôıһ˰Ȼ뿪ΪҪ˴Ĵ֪ۡж󣬵ȴܸоһˣܻܿɢ
ĻǾﲻζ˫˼£ŵ㣬Ҫɵ£ȫѪΪۣ뵽ǰѷϣҲ֪ʲôôȥܿܡɢ
һ仰˵ٴ죬·þȫ
ֻԺ죬˵ʲôû
Ửٶּӿһ֣ãȻһҪֹʩչ
ǵΪôֹˣû룬һӴء
һģסѾˤ䵽ڵء
źУģӰֻȴûκΰ취
ȻתԷãȾòá
Ҳ룬Ͼ벻ֹһξȹʱôа취ֻʵ㣬Ҳûа취
ȴ쳣Σһǰȥȴûκΰ취һ

еˮӿʵ벻뿪ҵģġ
˵ĶԻһδ©ڶڣÿһ䣬͵ѪһΣΪóȫȥûиõİ취ʹеĽƣʹúΪʧɢĽ䡣һ׷ǰʧȥİˣһʹҪİ˰ȻҸ
ĽᣬΪİˣԸһе־
֪ʲôʱͣϣʱͷųһӴааֱϾӴƣ涼΢΢ԶжХڵӣΪλһЩʱӷϵ
ֵҲڿٵ𶯣ƺҪء
졣
ͺһȻ𣬶ǰĻڴȥ
һ죬Ұʹڱչص޵Ҳĸо
ǿĹʱѻڴ󿳳һϸСѷ죬һӣͷųһ˴Ůѷд˹ȥ
˸뿪Хڣڴ򿪣һȺХڵӱ׷˳
Ů˵뿪Ժȥǡ
˵ţһƳŮƵʮ֮⡣
ţûߣʵ룬ҲߣҪһ𡣡
תȥȥģûкһ֮ǰ¡
̾Ϣһ룬ֺͺαأƭ˱ˣȴƭԼ
֮һ漴ָֻԭᣬͽˡ
ʱ򣬱ֵ൱ǣãһչ˺ġ
̧Хڵķ򣬼ƾ֪ǿ߸ҧҧؿһıӰһͷŶųƿնȥ
ûߣվԭأ޵УʮڵǿߣΪŮ뿪ȡʱ䡣һ뵽ϣ׼ʩչһʽ
ԭ޹ٴɢѪĹâļܵγѪ
ɢӴаһ޵ߣһԾĵµĶħ
Ⱥ׷Хڵӣ볤ٿգȴǵͬʱһ㶡
ͷƬ̣һȺ뿪ķһ׷һȺ
벢ûעȺ޵ߣǿ׼׷ٳȺˣͺһ𣬡򡪡顪ڡ
תڿлӳӰӰɢԽԽ࣬ԽԽܡ
Ӱܼеһ̣շȥſе޵ȻһӡӴаڳǵӰϣӰƺ˲ҩһ㣬ΪâǰȺ޵׷ȥ
ÿһâǴаתۼȺ޵ߵǰ
Ⱥ޵Увڵĸ֣ԭûзĽâΪ뼴ʹپһʩչ˶Ľâ̺ĹҲǿȥǴˣڽâǰ̺ܵĿֲʱǱ㷸Ĵ
޵߷Ӧ죬һҪֵɢ
˵ţ羪Ⱥһ㣬ɢ
âûΪΪ˵ɢֱȥ
âʱ۾һ㣬׷Щ޵ߣգۼ׷ϣûǵڡ

˺ѷεĺ쳹գһ޵߷·һӿ£߻ˡ
һ֣ɱ˼ʮ޵ߣЩվǰ޵Ҳ
ȺХڵУҲڣ֪Ŀֲûгֹʵ룬һɱôХڵӣѵͲ±ֹ׷ɱ𣿡
ô˵ȴ֣ʩչһνâɱˡ
ûг֣ҲûлشĻǵȻһЦһܻ뿪𣿡
ȫģȫа룬ʶˣʱʧȥǣһɱ˲գ۵ħͷ
ͬʱһȻû뵽˵ĻͬʱǵҲ岻ѣΪһһű֮ģսʱ᲻ƺĳ֣ͬھ뷨ǲֵúͽ֮һս
˵пη壬Цô𣿡
˿̣ȷʵûһս֮ƾղһ֣֪Щ˲Գ֡Ϊ˸ͳ뿪ȡһЩʱ䣬ֻܽȥ
ڵаԽԽ࣬Ժûа⣬ÿһڶ̺Ӵаʹ֮أҲˡѾű֮ģҲȥʣаںֱ
аѪĸо·
˽һ
ǰ֪⽣߹ֶΣһ˽־ܺΪһʩչо׵ĹȻÿһѽԼ־һеӵе־ɱ¾
֣ûɱ¾ΪλָоѵаģϤĸо󵼣뵽һЦǷԸϷҪѾ˷꣬ʹҲûлӽյ
վԭأһüһ˼˸ǲ֪ǺãǺɱ룬ȴһãԼٲ֮ءǣһȺ˺Գţûһ˵漫Ϊ졣
ɫƽƺûа˷𣬱۸ڵае޹⣬緲һ㣬ǽѪ죬аɢû˻ɾ
˿̾Ȼ˫ۣǴڣһŭģȻ룬Ҳǿ֮ĩҪٳǿˡֻҪ·ǻԷһ
պϵ˫ͻȻſһ⻰ƭСӻ࣬Ϊһ𣿡
ɱôХڵĵӣۺԭХڵ˶Ź˵Ҳûǻȥ
뿴ļıһҧȻб֮ģҾͳȫɣ
ĻΪףХڵӼͬʱԷһʱ䷨תϼ졣


054 
˸ʮȻ빥ȥ
ӭûеֵվԭأ·һ
Щ񹥻ĲǷˡ
һĻȥķȻһͣ˲֪ڸʲô
˵ǱʶУѾ뵱֣Ϊʲôı
ľһ壬ȴֲΪеֵϰټ
ŽУϰټǰҫ۵ĹâƺҪС
ͻȻ۾΢΢һЦǰһУԺһһ
Ҹʹ࣬ź
ˣ
ţͻȻ䣬оԼܽȴôңԶңɼ
أ޹ͷҫ۵ĹâһֱʱѪζ
ҫ۵Ĺâ޷۾ʶı۾ɻ֮ʱͻȻоһӴӭԭƵķһ˲ϵʶãҪʱǹӴǰǵٲȻԵķݣɷ紵ȥ
촫ȫˤʮ֮⣬Ѫģ
ûѣҲҲˡ
򵥵ſ۾ʮ֮⿴ȥȫɢѪĹâȵŴ͡ΪʱеͻȻշȥţǽͻȻСüĴɽ
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Ժгһ޴ʺţüĴɽڰ޵ɱѾһ˵ʶȫԺУԺĵֵʲôֻҪԺ޵߻ɢ
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ֻһЩôĲʵһΡ
Χ޵ߣ뷨ҲͳһҲˣ֪ڸʲô
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һĻ˿ĿɿڴǼ뿪˲Ϣ֮䡣ʱ便ʲôûһ֪
Хڵӵȫڳϣһ̲סʵʦ壬СӲħ˰ɣ
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ɫüΪѿæѹҪаڡ
ǹа̫죬޷뿪ڡ
ڵ޵ߣǿסЩڵ޵߸ûа취ֿ
һʱ䣬ʮڵ޵Ϊֹаģȥ
ʣ޵ߣһ¶־ɫѴеĵҩȫóһ¡
ʹˣڵ޵Ҳ޷ѹסǹаһٷĹ򣬾ûһ
һѹаһŵҩﾪʲôôСӦˣΪһ˲䱬˿ֲʹʦҲֵ˰ɣ
뵽ͻȻʲôʧѵ񽣻ס
ܣ
ǰѷô˼˼䣬ǶǴ˵еĶ
˿̣Ѿڸ߿գ̤羪Զȥ
죬ӴڽѭϢ
뿴ʵҪȥ
ڽԺУоԼ˼άȻ֪Ҫʲôȴܸо˺ĺһӡӡγ֮ɳԺ
һ̣Ҳо֮Ѫĸо
ָоǰͻȻ֣ͻȻʧʵ֡
ӵԼʶ뾪ѣļ䣬ֻмΪǿķӵԼʶЩһǱǧ꣬ŻĲһ˿ʶʶһ̶ȣܻûΪˡ
ȻûеûΪ˵ľ磬ӵԼʶҲˡ
Ļ죬ӿٶȡ
ڵаȫ»ع鵽ڡ
˿̣ûаΪҲһǧɣ»صڣУһӵûСŵϿ˸ľһЦ벻󲻵ûһԼķˡ
뵽뵹һ
񽣻ֻЩǱܲͷˡֻʹõķôỤס˵Ҳ㲻񽣣û˵İ񽣻ͷа
ƺӦ뷨һȻӿе
뱳һ亹Ҳ̫аˣȻ֪ʲô
Ǹ𣿡
˵һ乧άĻ
ٴ죬Ϊ࣬ղŵĻʮá
ȶϣӴóһнʯٵգ֮ǰָʧнʯСֱʧóһ飬ѭ
֮˫ۣ˿̣ڵѾָ˴롣
УʯҲʹ˴룬Ҳ۰졣
濴ȥϤĵκ󣬾֣ķΧ
ǰʮС塪Ҵ塣
벻üͷʲôѵҴжҪһΡ
δ룬һСɽϣСɽǵ길״ǰȥɽ
ˣ
һڵϣһȦָضڳ
⣬ӻóϬɽȥ
Ϭϣԭһڳϡڽɽʱ򣬳ǿϬظҸ룬һȢʱڰʯЩ벢ûȥϬΪѾնϵ˿ȥȥ
еϬ벻֪ʱôˡ
˦˦ͷ˼ԺӰһɽǰһֱԡ
յ길׷󷨣ʯ֮С
ʯͬûʲôȻյ·ߣһǰȥ
˷ǣһν׻飬һȴһˡ
һжȥˡ
૵˵һ䣬ӿŲȥ
ʱһֱߵȻһལڷȥ


055 ؽ
뿴쳣һڶС
ǰһĻ뾪֣ͣڵϡ
˿̵ĵѾ˵˵ˣʯͷɢһأ·𱻾һ㡣
ô£Ϊλ飿
˼֮£죬ΪһϵĽָڡ
ԭڷĳ˿ɰɷһСɵɫָһؼ
öָǰʱڵõһö
һָУֱָһѪĸоʱ
о벻֪ΪλͻȻָڡ
ǰõָ֮ϸоȴδκ쳣
ָȻܷڣһҲһֱϡ
벻֮󣬲ˣָҲˡ
Ȼָܽڣָڱضһռ䡣
뵽ʶͷŶڵָ֮ڡ
䣡
һɾʶʱӰһΣ˼
ס壬һǿڽڵȫһ
ҿָûй룬ֻʶ赲Ĺʶʱ뼴ʹɢҲܵش
ָһӴֹУ֮һ˿ϵָܵĲͬҪָ̽ʱ䣬һϢͨ˹ĸԺС
ؽ䡣
һһǬһһ硣
򵥵һ仰ȴ޷ףѵؽӵһĿռ䲻ɣ
Ҳ̫˼ˣǱһ޵߼ʹٸߣҲ޷ڷڿһռ䡣
뵽еؽ俴ȥָͨɫǽܿ϶ؽĲϾ˼ӵеġ
һͨӦٻһ㣬ָڲЦһ£ؽϵĴУǱ飬ҳ
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˵еõģ޵ߵһǿߵֹ֪׷ɱӵöָѪɫĽʲôһҲûŪףϣԺʹеɻ
뿴֮һǱ鼮㻯Ϊ棬ȼ
һк̮ĵһ񣬵ǰҲ棬ؽͲһ磬޷ŪҲ֮УȥϣǰֻԺܰеĲ춼׵Ժ󡣡
ĵĻȻ׹Ϊһʧɽڡ
̾Ϣһ뿪
ʩչ뻯Ϊһĸĵطȥ
һλ⣬ܿڷ֮ǰĸˡ
ǰǰĵطɽˮ㣬ȷʵһõط
ʱһУͻȻֲԤУʲôһʱҲ޷
ôͷ𣬲ӿ˽Ųʱ䣬һСϪߡ
ǰһ޴ĿӣԺһˣ˫ֽ
ĸķĹȻھˣ
Ḹĸ֮ڷĹ֮ϲһ򵥵󷨣˼ʹҲ޷ַĹǷǿطвͬҲƳ޵ߣھĸĹҲ޵ߡ
Ժл𵱳һУͫȻż֣ѵû
ǵãɱʦʱ򣬰ʶ׵Ĩȥŷһͨˣʶ޷뿪壬Ҳûȥʡ˿ŷ첻ûھĸķĹ
ȻҲһԭǾŷʦ˵ǰϲ㡣һŭ֮£Ҵ̽飬ҷĸķŭ˽Ӵ󷨣ǿھ뱳ûػصĲТ֮
ӰһǱھڣĹǼܣһɱ
һ٣һƷɵУʶ뵽ڣһϤ룬벻ɣһ޵ߣûھأĸĸʮ˴ķĹھˣ
룬㻹Ϊĸ𣬼ǵң㣬
ڵǱˣǵɱŷ죬ɴ˿ɼɹѾµ塣
ŷ죬
һһӴͷŶƶʱΪĩ
һεķԱߵĵϿٵػӶϵĳƾշ𣬸ǰһЩĳĿ£֮УĹٴα
ףĸףϢɣΪֻع
ӴóһͼʯڷĹΧʹ޵ǰûдﵽϣ޷Ƴ󷨡Ҳ鼮Ժܲóǿ󷨡
漴󷨷һݣŻΪһƿնȥ
ûȥڵƻûȫָһطƵҩ
ϵĵҩٵĿ඼ǻ͵ҩûΪ߿ٻָĵҩЩҩ˿ҪĶͰ࣬ʹŬҲδͻڵľ磬˿֪Ϊһ޵߰ѵҩҪ
ϴڽг뿪ԺһЩҩĺ͵¯Ҵһ¹ҺϢҺ޵ʵ̫ˣ˵Ǵ˵еĶʶڲؾڵ鼮ڶûмء
֪µ޵ȴв٣벢ûлѶٹ˼޵ߣõȷеϢϢʱϲ֡ԭЩҺ޵رʹڵ޵ҲʮҪ
ҺؼγɣӴľˣ̷ֱԺܿ޷϶ʶˣֻõҩʹãҲһҩµ飬˵ҩѾƳˡ
ҩо鵤ҩ㲢ѵã˵޵ѾߣΪʹҩҲδóΪҺ޵߲֪ʧˡ鵤ҪҩУҺ⣬ĲϲѻãʹһС͵ĽгҲܹ򵽡
ѡһɽٵĿһΧóһݶ󷨡
һԺӴóǸҺСƿȡһЩҩϸĶҩһҩҩû̫İգóһЩͨҩģָƵĵҩ޵ԪΪĵҩ
һ׼뿪ʼ˵һҩ
һʱ뿴ŵʧܵҩģһЦҩ򵥣ʵĪѧʡϴȥгͨĵҩҲʧܣ֮󣬼Ƶҩ
һתۣڶҩѾһ£һЯͨҩȫʼƵʱһ¯ж޷һöҩԽԽƵҩ˽Խҹ͸еҩƶɡ
ڼ䣬뻹ٸǸƵҩóоһδʧܽᾭ顣˿̣йҺһ̾޵Ȼô򵥣ûо޴ĲҪͻľȷʵףѹЩɢޣΪЩ򲻳һ


056 鵤
ǰƯһɫҩҩʢһɹŨӶɢ
ҩӽгϹģȥٵʱŮ͸Ķ
ۿ鵤Ҫ¯Ｄ֣˫һգգĿҩϷ
пٵͷŶʱĵ¶ȣ³һ
Լһʱ䣬ҩȻɢӴֱ
һ˴Χ޵߾ﲻԶһᱻ֡ϾֻһЩ켶ĵҩ¯Ż鵤Ȼû̫˲ָܻȫ졣
ҩΪĵȼֱǣͨ󣬾죬˵񻰡
͸ĵҩֵĻͨҩ
ǰĸĵҩ˼仹ܿ𣬾˵һܴڡ
ʹ켶ĵҩһҲ֮٣һγ֣Ǽǧǰˡ
켶ĵҩʹЩڵ޵Ҳڱصãÿγ޵Ѫȷ硣ЩԿΪĵҩ޵ΪĶʹ֪ᵤҩ޵ߵķҲ޷˵ᡣ
¯򿪣һɵ˲뿴Ҳһתһͷųһſɢɫĵҩǰ׼Ĵƿڡһк벻Ҷ󷨣Ϊһƿնȥ
뿪Ժ󣬱ĵǰĶ⡣
ʶɢܵڵһһǵɫǼɻʧȻóƬ֮Ƶҩ켶Ĵڡֻ˺֪Ҫһϵﶼûдһ£뿪ˡ
޵ߣͬĵۣȻһɡ
˵Ϊڣһ˴ﵽڵĶ塣
һŮеĶʮңŮò㣬Լʮӡ
໥һۣŮʵλʦ֣ﾹȻ켶ĵҩ
ȴҲ쳣
̾Ϣһڶ޵ߣ˵ΪأȻǺķҲΪʹ׷ȥҲδҩ
صһ˲䣬ûʶ̽Ѱɢڰ֮ҵһٶȥ޵ߡ
ͬʱһϲŮӻæʵʦ֣Ӧ޵ˣ
ŮӳΪʦֵ޵ߣкգͷǲǻȷ֮⣬ֻһˣӣʮִæҲµĲӦþˡ
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һӵʦ֣켶ĵҩֵһ׷
ʦǵ񡭡
ԥһ£յֿ켶ҩջ󣬾Ȼ˵ߡ
˾ڵȺ仰ôһ˵ټԵķںյƿնȥ
˸һ׷ܵˣæӿٶȣΪһ磬ʧ֮ϡ
˵ĶȻ֮࣬ͬľԽԽ
ǺգȻĺƶȶ쳣ѣ£ٶȲڷ֮¡ˣԿΧƶ䣬ΣֻҪΪʩչ߸̫߳࣬޷̽Ѱټ
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ҩ¶ǣҩɢоҩͷųһɹӴͨȫѪھпٵѭԭĵڷ̳ţʱ䣬ָ״̬
ָСľ鵤ֹͣɢ·ϼһ㣬ͣڵĽС
һĻϲ鵤켶ĵҩȻЧԿ϶ղž鵤ɢڵΪ̫ͣ˷˲١
ָ벻ʩչڿУȴ˵ĵ˵ӰѾܽˣʹȫʩչҲ޷˵׷٣ȫϵϵڶʱڰˡ
յˣͻȻͣ£ͬʱһ㶣ֲס켶ĵҪջȻ׷ϡ
ĵǰͣ£һ򶨵Ŀǣ
һɨλ֪׷ĳôãΪ£
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ҲôЩ֣ȻˣҲڽͣѣղƬɽƵҩɣ֪ܷѵҩóһ
Ҳˬ֮ˣֱ˵˴еĿġ
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ȴ쳣ǿӲǲóҩ޷뿪һ
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һɱһѾɱġ
һӣƺ붷ѣĳµĲղƵӦ켶ĵҩ֪ɷһЩֻҪ˵ó۸Ǿ⡣
򶨣овô򵥡
δ˵Ůӵʦ֣˵ôϻʲôǼȻ֪Ƶ켶ĵҩΪԺ𣿡
ЦһȻǷˣĳһ̰ɣ
ˣɱ쵤ҩһȥаȵӣָҪǿ׷ɱ֪ġ
ڿлصӰһղ˵ǿӲ޵ͷųȵһȭֱָԷġ
޵ƺҲо͵ϮôеֵӰһȥҪ㿪Ĺǣһ룬֪·һͻȻǰһȭؿڡ
˽ľ룬޵߸޷ֵæתǰγһ֡
⻤֣޵߹ֵܵһ£ڱҪֵǰڻѩһ㣬ֱ޵ͫ׷ŴȻǰһĻ㵹˳ȥпƵķҲ֮䡣
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һв˲Ϣ֮⣬˷Ӧʮ֮⣬ͬһľ롣
ߣ
յȻͬʱһ
ߵǿ޵ﶼʮͬ׵߿ɽ޵ߡȻҲһǰᣬǾ޵ûǿķ޵߷Կߣ߸޵û취ղѡ
̫ѣ޵ָ
ۿҪæѣһᡣ
ȭȼյɫ棬֪Է似Ѿ¯ĵزʹҲδܻɱԷһˣɱԷã


057 
ŮƺҲ似ǿѣȷʵһᣬ뿪
켶ĵҩȻҪҲҪòСɲʦһһͱԷˡ
˵޵ߣȷʵ˵ĲᣬؿڱȵĻճһȭͷСĿɭɭ׹ǣɼڻʱæӴóһЩҩ£´˿Ѿȥ
Ӱһ˵޵ߣɫŵʵʦܣôˣ
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˿̣Ѿ켶ҩ£ֻ뿪
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ʦܵΪ֪ѾڵĶ壬һҲ١ʦܶԷһ˵ӿ϶ԷǿԶǼ˿ԶԸ˵ġ
ؿˣȥôܣǰͺˣһܡˣɭȻΪ𣿡
ɱˣ֪еϵ˼ȥνǺɫһѣô˵ǲ׼ҵȥˣ
ûлش𣬵ȭͷɢɫѾ˵һС
˼ɫһ䣬ոΣѣһ似ȻأҲڵΪ
һߵˣҵ˶ڵΪҲδɱǡ
ڵٵתȭͷ֮ϣȭϵ֣ܲɱҵ£λϰɣ
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кյΪߣǣסԷɲΪû͵Ϯ£һɱԷ
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ΨһŮӣȰںյæ
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һţһʦܵǰһȭȻ󱳹ȥ
ʦӦȻȺһЩҲǿĹ
㿪֮󲻽һ亹ղһ֣ͺǶʦһ˵³
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Ӱп˶̾ѣΪٶѾܿˣǰֵһᣬִӦԣûз֮һʱЩæҡ
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Էɫһ䣬ʧ㣬ʲô
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ŷ䣬벻׼ʹãΪ֪ʲô
ӣȴ֪ʲô޵ж顣
̺Ӵ׵֮˲˽һµ޵ߣڽڵ޵ߣȴ󣬲׵ǿǽ𵤵޵ʮֱ޵ǿ࣬׵ڣʱһᣬȥ޷˵ھ
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ҾԷشĸɴ࣬Щˣ˵Ļջأãϣʲô
Ůӱ۾ʶ뿪壬ţʶͷųһɫĹââֱϾ졣
ȷʵûΪʲôֻؿռ䡣
뿴һˣأҶ֣Ǻһֻؿռ䣿
޵߹һЦСʦÿԽ·ֻؿռ䣬Ϊ㣬Ϊһ𣿡
һϵĴһǰһűĿ£ۿɼٶȿٷŴϡԿߵɢϹǳ

ͫȻһ¶֮ɫ
ȻûмӲؾڵ鼮ȴӣ벻ԷȻӵķҪ֪޵ڿ󷨱֮һľˣµ޵߸޷⡣
ƯǰŶ֣Ц˵һҪлˣ֪ҵܣҸóڣҵĶ֣ǱҪֵ似
˵һ£˵Ҳû뵽Ϲʱڵ鶼УȻֻʹһΣҿʲôӦ
һЦֶһͷϷȥҪС
֪ʹǷҲԭ֮һӰһ㿪Ĺʮ֮⣬δϢ֮ʱǷַ˹ٶȿľˣգۼǰ
ɫ̹Ȼ¶һèϷɫҿ㻹ܶܶá
ٴζ㿪ĹӰԶȥǰڿһ㣬ǰһմԷȥطӴмһ׷ӭȥ
һӴ㱻ڻ˲Ϣ֮仯Ϊһ̯ˮ档
С֣δ䣬ۿҪǰ


058 ɱ
ɫһ䣬ӰѵĶ˹ȥ
ʹˣļǱȵ𴥼һ˲Ѫģ
΢΢һ㶣ղһ㶨Ĺ켣û뵽Ǳˡ
Ŀ£Ȼǰ˲䣬Ȼ¡
һƬڲͷŶΧһС
ڷΣһЩĵطһС͵Ķ
Ҫҳ̤İ취ʱΧȻһÿһΣоһ
ǿ
Ƕ裬ղһɢ
ƣ
һХʩչޣεʱɢ
ӴȫٴͷųӰһһߵ
뱻УһɵǰЦǱڣʹڵ޵߽Ҳ޷ƽ⣬ҿôҶ
˵꣬ǰȻһƺһ
ɫһʶͷųУ벻ûбӰ죬ڹɫʱŵɫ૵ôܣ似ҲƳĹѵŵˣ
ˣŵĸ֣ȻˣĹ
Хڹϲŵĵ֮£ֲı壬ХƳȻ̫ѡ
еԵɣ֪Ϊŵ޵أ
ϳԥ֮ɫյֵס켶ҩջһھѪסϣʱͷųѪĹâһӴֱϾԾѪǿд߶Ĺԭб֮һķߵʮ֮ġ
ѡ
ڴһǿĹڵҲ١
ȫʱ˫ѪһƬԺи졣
ߣ
һһͺȵƣ
һΣХʩչĹǰǿļ֣ơھþõĻصֻһڷ·ʲôһղŹȻֹ
ӰһһȭϣһΣǧ
Ȼⲻһֱ𲻶Ϲһ죬һȭһڴĶڡ
ӰһΪһ̹ӷ붴ڣǰ
ɫ԰ףǿлٻʶͷ֮һ˿ϵʶҲˡ
Ų԰ֽɱŨ㲻ɱ𣿡
ʱѣΪһȼ
һˡ
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Ļ֪λش𣬾һΪһҪߡ
ĿȥԱٶ׷ϣһȭȥֱ󱳡
飡
һ촫屻ɣһ룬ֳڱɵ·ϣһȭ˼Σ屻ӴȭѪģʶڶҪƮߡһתŶԷʶǰ˵
ʶž죬ĵѣŹңԸ⡭ѡ
ԷϻͷųһĻĸˡ
ɫĻʶָţ˹ȫ
뻹ǵһ޵ߵ꣬ļҲڱͬʱȫԺСһʧŵȥľʬ壬һЦ񲻴Ȼˣɰɣ
ӰһľʬԱߣİ˵Ĵ
֮ϣһֱȥ
λڳϲƫƧ쳣Ը⵽
ﲻͨ㣬ũҲٵĿ඼Ը㡣
ڳ£һЩǷԺ󣬱ڡ
˼ĻңûУҲҿ˵ĴһЩҪȻҪȵҹ˾ʱʩչǿнСڣ벢ûͷʶϢһҿջڡ
򵥵ĳ˵㷹ڣһ¿ڵĵطֱǰȥ
Ƭ̣ǰŵʿԺ󣬶ʱȵʲôˣѵ֪ǿصأ˵Ȳÿ𣿡
ͨ˵·ʿεƽ
Ҳѹ֣òͨϢƽ쳣ôҲǮˡ
ɫĮȻ߽ڣͻȻʲôת뿪ˡ
ƺ˾ռߣȥıӰһЦ
֪޵ߣȻǰûŪԷϸ֮ǰóȻжǰҲֻ̽Ƿɭϡʹվǰ򿤸ɨһۣ쳣쳣ƽȴ쳣̳֡
Щ֣ÿһʵڵɱİ֮¡
ڽΪȻЩ򣬵ܿ϶û޵ߡ
е޵ߣΪڽһ£ǲΪ塣н޵ߣڵΪ޷ȫˡȻôЩСĽˣϾһθУҲöڵ޵ߣЩһ׷ﵽﵢʱ⡣
ҹˣ庮繳䴹ңīҹС
֮УֻһȻһƫƧԺǽûںҹ֮С
븮ۡڣʩչӰһۡȥ
˿̣Ǳ֮ʹµ޵վǰ޷
ۡߵ᷿ڣһòӣ§òŮӡ
أϵһ죬Ƕˣ޵֮󣬸޷Ϊͳûʲô
ӶʱƿеŮӣѣȻˣΪβ
ͻȻ򿪣һˣ·𱻷紵һ
һɺ紵Ůһ飬ɪɪĿӡ
ɫȻһ˿ȣ૵ѵҸӦˣҹķôô󣿡
ղʶһΧʲôûиӦԼĵԼΧõмģ϶ҪŲ鿴һ
ȥŹϡ
ӶһŮӵ˵˵꣬ͻȻʲôæԣ
˵ͻȻһӴŮӵ޷Ʈһ֮⡣
һղŶԷʩչûиоΧˣѾϣʹǿҲ޷Ҳܿ϶Χ˸֡ʹˣǱԷĵһǿѹĵľǰѵ㿴µС檲ɣˡ
ߣ
һ˵⣬ʱһߣڵҹԵ쳣졣


059 ջ
⣬ƮɳŮͻȻоһǿűεڵء
ӾȵɫУߵŮҲͬ˳εһŮӵߡ
ӿһĻ̲סˣǰʲô˼
ڿлص㿴ǰһһӳǰԷò󣬾˲㣬Ȼû
ǰ룬һЦŷ죬ѵ˱˵壬Ҿϲ𣿡
ԷϤϢһӶˣ˱Ͼɱĸĸ˫ס
ŷϳˣҲϣ벻ҲӽѵͲҡ
û˵еԷһӴγһɫƣֱȥ
ĵһƣ˲ŷǰʱ䶼ûУ㱻˳ȥѹӺصˤڵϡӡһѪӡеҲһȫ䡣
ŷ첢ûվŵĿ룬ôܣôܴﵽڵΪ
Ҫ֪һǰǹڵΪһȻͻԭľ磬ٶ޵ҩ£ʹǧѵһҲˡ
һ֮ûٴγ֣ʵҺܺ棬ҵ̽飿
ǣŷȻﵽʮΪʶȥ޷Է
ŷһЦӿ¶ݣСӣ㵨ӲСȻҶɱ֡
һ˳ᢵӣΪȻ˵ңŷ޵ңۡڵ޵ߣʮڵ޵ߣһЩ˹޵ߡ
ղɢʶӦ¸֮ۡڣȴΪȡ
ȵԭһȻ˶޵ߣûнڵĸ֣ǿԷһս赣ıΧɱڵʶӴʶЩ޵ߵɨ޷Ƿ֣ȻˣΪЩ֪˽븮֮ۡڡ
ŷ־ɫЦʵô˵Ķ𣿡
ŷ쾪ŵôܣ֪֪ô
˵֮Ц֪ˣһʶӦģЩǹųʶӦ˵Ѿ֪ˡ
ȻŷĻ˵꣬
˵ΪһΪһ˸ǴﵽڵĶ塣
һɨ󿴼˵ŷ죬һɫһСӣôĵӣȻɱˣȻˣͲҪˡ
һһѳ̬ķǰ
תȥߣҺܺ棬ηģ
˺⣬һЩȣȷʵӦЩ޵ˣֻЩǰʱȴһ˿ûиӦƾճһ
ŷүүŷ̸һЦȻҪϷĿɣ
˶٣˵Ǽ޵һֻҪΪ϶޷ϵ
ҴʱΪûиӦŷϵ
ʦҲ֪ŷ£ΪǼҺͱĿһͨˡȴû뵽һ㣬޵˵εҪʹһݿǮҲδ򵽼ֵǵķ
ΪȻ⸮ۡܶǿ󷨣ֻҪ̤ΪǸ߳ף޷ӦǵΪҲ޷Ӧ󷨡
ŷһЦҸ˵Ķ˵ˣ·ɣ
ŷҪ֮ʱһȱɱɱ
ɱ
һ㶣ˣ˿еɱֻ¾
ŷҡҡͷȻ壬Ҳ˵ģȰɱˣĻǣȻ
һ£ðɣҲֻˡ
ʱ߾裬ȻˣָӵǿķϾһ˶޵ߣûǿķҲ޷޵˶꣬һܳΪһ֮
ʹг⣬ûкʵķȻȭܴ󣬵ҲΪ鵤һƳʮöÿһö˵ɲһöˣæһģ帡ǰ
һбص

ÿһ˵Ļǡ
ŷΪ̫ͣһصһһǱ㱻ǿյڣĻʱһʹĺ󲻽ëȻͬʱŷû֧µڵϡ
ɫ䣬Ӽ嵽ŷĻǣ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ǹûʱȡ
ŷҪ֣ȴеķһ壬ôϣ
壬Ϊ޵ʮ󶥽׷֮һֻҪԷ˽޵߶֪
һϣ죬ű㷢һǵ졣
߲Ҵ⣬æֵ
ɫţ֪ûãٶȼӿ˼֣ϷƵ˲֡ȻˣƵ˸ߵҲ졣
뿴Ÿǰ壬̾һȻûдﵽڣǿʩչѾ巴ɶˡ
ʹˣǾڵΪ޷ʩչȫ
˾͹ˣɫò԰ףͷҲЩ顣
أΪߵߴһһھѪķϣϰ׹һն
ķһȭӳһȭͷСӭȥ
ȵĻ̺ǧһӴ㸲ڽϡŷϵŵһ˿ʶƺ޷ܻ¶һ㣬Ȼһţɶϵʧ롣
ͬʱŷҲ˺Ŀ룬ߣ
˵꣬ȻԺУһһǶʱ˹ȥ壬壬ҡ
һȥһһǣɼǿ̶ȡ
ȻĵҲľˣʱҲп಻
ŷΪˣһСӣ
ֻһڹһ塣
Ƿٶ̫죬붼ûп壬ֻһɾ
һ㱻ɡ
屻ǿйȻֹͣŷһһҲ»صڡ
ʶǣصǰԷǰƯǼɫ
ֻһѴķɵɵϵ֮£ȻҲһ׷Ǵ˵еʮ֮һɵϣоһɿ־ɱϢȫɱ¾γɣĳһҪ֡


060 ն굶
ŷɵ΢΢һ㶣˵ѷҪˡ
޵߹һЦСӣ벻Ȼӵ壬ն굶ɲܹõķ
ն굶
󣬲һʮ󶥽׷նɱΪն굶
벻֪̫˻ǲң뿪Ҵһ࣬Ⱥļ׷
ն굶Ȼ뻹ûзһĿ£ٴͷųǰǿ󼸷֡
ڷڻصţһն굶ϣϺڹγһɫĻ֣˱Уİ⡣
ŷն굶һСӣ㻹ʲô£ܡ
δ˵꣬㿴ͻȻ˹ȭͷͷųɫĻ档ţһȭֱڻϣֻ촫ۿɼٶѿ
ʲô似
˿޲¶֮ɫ
뱾ʹûƾΪƾȻĵҲ̫ˡǶԷóն굶ԺͶԷƴʱѸ֮ƹˡն굶Ͼʮ֮һ֪Ƿǿͨսپ
һƻ֣벢δͣӰһ֮⡣
ŷɫһҪٴͷŻ֣ȴӦһ
ն굶⣬ŷһ޵߶¶ʹ֮ɫ
һ֣ٴʩչȭȥ
һΣȭԱȸղŴ֣ȵĻ棬ΧƷȼ
ȭȭӰУŷ߶ʱɳȥ
ն굶ߣȻûлɣҲһѪסΡ
δռն굶һȭͷȭͷն굶һӴͬʱ
ﾪѣղ̽оն굶̺Ӵ깥ʶǿˣղһ£ʶն굶ڣƺһ޴ѣǿʶյнɱָоͺеɱһ
ֻһιһδڡ
һˣһն굶ֱͷ­ȥҪնɱ
ηȹȫͷţʱȫն굶ǰӲֱ޷ͻγɵķ
ǰǿ޵ؼɹأն굶ȻȴƲķ
ɫһ䣬û˱̬似ǻ¶ȸ岻ѡ
һʱն굶УǿĨʶСľѾ޷ʩչæʶͨϴδڻûȫľ鵤Ƭ̹ڵָ룬Ǿ鵤Ҳȫʧ
߷ᣬһѪĵ˺Ҫʹóҩ
һӰһǰȭͷţȭӰѶԷС
䣡
һߵصڵϣѪģ
һЦһ߸շɳʶ㱻Уա
ŷ޵һɫ䣬ϵƣ롣
η壬ȷûзϣٴͷų
ֱȥ˵ԺУɫ԰ףͬʱջʶֵ
ǼķûʶĿʧȥԣһڵϡ
İһУߵĴɵǰһкӰһŷһߵǰһϣϺ˰С

ʹǵĻǱսС
ԭҲ˵꣬ʱѾһˣһˣ˵ʶЩ޷ܡϾǿնԷʶΪУֶ̫죬ʶٶԷ֮ϣѱӴϢɶ
ɵɱŷһ޵֮˵ĴڸۡתһȦֽЩ޵ߣ뿪ˡЩ޵ȻΪͣΪɱ֣»ɴɱҲŹּ
˵ĴУ֮ϲѣȻͽʯǰнʯ߽ʯֻ࣬мöôʯԷһҹҪ֪һЩڵ޵߰۵ĲƸҲˡ
֮⣬лмһЩȡ
ôսƷҲճһ˿Цݡ
ѼƿնȥҪȥĵطȻǺһҪ
Ϊڵӣ񲢲ѣȥһɽռҩ
Ƭɽλڷ紫ɽУһ޴ɽȣɽڳϡݡ
ϡݵɽȣԭӦñ֣ɽⲼһǿ󷨣ǧûз֡ɽڵ󷨣յʦƳҲΪƳ󷨵ʱˣûȥɽռݣصźĵǰȥ
ºյʦû뵽һȥ͸ˡ
ôɣȻҪʱΪںյĴУȻ˼ֿתΪҩЩҩʹȥҪȥɽһʹΣգҲƾǱ뿪
紫ɽλڷ֮ڣٽռȳСࡣ
ɲ࣬ΪţڵĵһϵϵΪ֡
ЩʶԺһӰһϵɽȥ
պռ·ߣ˳ҵƬɽȣûֱӽ룬һεĵطٳһ붴һһҹڵȫָŶɽȥ
ɽΧյʦһ󷨣ֻһ벢ûƽ⣬ǰպռİ취һ϶˽ȥɽڣʱоһŨ
۷ȥɽڳдеֲһЩߴľ˶޷
ϣ޵һЩ洦ɼЩҩٵҲмء
뿴һۣٵɽȥЩҩȻ󣬵޵绹Ѱ뿴ƬɽڻʲôصҩġԽɽȥֵҩԽϡ٣м֣޵мѾ
ǰʯߣһɫҩݣҩݵ̬֣ҶϾȻз˵·۹£ɢŵغ⡣ҩʯ棬Ȼ֪˶¡һæӣϸĿ
ȻǷ˲ݣ
뿴ŵϵݣ쳣ȡ
˲ݣ֮һҶ귢ѿͣ곤һҶ
˾ȻʮƬҶӣѵǧꣿ
뾪ȵſͣǾ֮ɫ
Ĳҩ޵֮ǰ֣ܲѵɽǧ궼ûǰƬɽҪжϧҩġ룬;ѪڣپǳһɫľϻСİγ˲ݣС
ľϻľɣҩķпԱ֤Բʧ
˲֮ǰѼʱѪǿߣѷ˲ֲɽУȵҶԺƳɷ˵Ϊ˵˲ֻзѪߺԵ޵ӵУ޵߷¸ô
˲ݣ΢΢һЦ˲Ʒ˵ԺҷЩ˷ˣŮ͸ɣ
뵽ɽȥָоɽиΪϧĶڵ
Ȼ߼վɫǾȡ


ļ


061 Բ
ݴУһƴСĲľϳ˺ɫĹʵʵӨ͸ɢӴ
ȻһҩݹʵۣȲԱߵһΪԴݡ
ҩʮ˽⣬һ۾Ϳ޵ͬ𼣵ݡ
ֻΪŨĵطʵĿ죬лҲ졣
ǰݣѾ˳ڣٹʮȻл
֮ڸıӼı˵Ƴ񵤣˵Զͣڷµҩһ˲䡣ҩ;鵤һֻϹʱڲӵУڽͬڼһĴڣʹӵҩҲҵݡ
ٴδӴóһľϻժʮöʵС
Լ˰ʱɽ֮ڣһ·ϣ޵ҩһһ֣ʼ뻹˷ܵսУ󣬳һЩԺõϵҩԺ඼ȥʡϾǰ滹иõҩģЯľϻޣ޷ȫҩմ
ɽģһ޴ʯʯͬʱɫǽ񣬿úֲɡ
ʯԼһɣɷд֡԰
֣о쳣ϤϸƬ̣ʲôط
ؾڣһЩڵҩ鼮ڣֹһ԰֣Ȼ֪԰ָʲôҲ²⵽ˡ˿̣֪Ǵ˵޵𼣵Ĺŵ֮ļԸӡ
ҩ԰ǹŴ޵ֲҩĵĵطֻʵ൱ɲһЩСɸ޷ֲΪֲҩҪҩĵ˲УСɻûʵ԰ͬڵҩ԰һֲֻҩĶڵ޵˵һ쳣
ͩ
뿴ҩ԰ڲһ޴ľٴεһ
ϢҰϢͩ
ǰȻǷϢͩ޵÷ɽˡ
ͩ޵ľ֮һ
ǰȻҲͩͩǷϢ֣ͩҶǰͩƣɫȴͬǰһͩͨɫɢȵľʮ֮⣬Ҳĸоһӭ
ͩƳһʩչƾʱԳɱӡ
ѹеļӲŴٳһѷɽͩȥ
ɽΪ⣬ͩǰһͩۿɼٶڻ
뾪ԭأͩϾȻӵǿĻҿû߹ȥʹƾɻҲ԰ڻ۾˼Ű취˺ܾã޴롣
űǰȴûа취ã޷һʹ¡
ܵʹ࣬̾ϢһתķȥҪ뿪ǰɽҩȫռٿοͩ⡣ɽڵҩʵ̫࣬еľϻֻܷ֮ڴС
ȻҩĳʱڴУʧȥԣʱҲûа취¡
뻹͹ҩѳǼ촢⣬еĴ󣬻дɽȵҩ޴šҲ˵ĴôõҩֻռСɽȵҩġ
һɽȵҩģԺпٻصٵҩݣлмҩҵõӺõҩмҩɽȴûСȻҩĿƵҩȻ˷ѣռҩ֮ٴһͩǰ
ƵҩͩĻأ
ͩĻУ̺ӴĻɻڻһصĿʣ޵Ƶҩ֮󣬿ԪȻߵԪ࣬ҲֻԭĻһЩʱաһöҩһЩأ
һһͷŶͩϵĻǿռһ𡣵ԪԽԽ࣬ϳһɺɫĻ棬¶ȱҲ٣ڻ̺ǿҸʴ
˻ƾηµĻ棬ռͩ棬ƶճɻҽʹˣ뻹Ǹܵͩڴʹ࣬ʶһ𸲸Ƥϣǹɱ˿ʹŻʧ
ʱķɿ죬ȫƵҩĹУ߸ǰڷҩƿÿһҩƿڶ˵ҩ֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ҳ֪˶ٵҩռҩ֮󣬿˶ĵҩŴ͡
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ռôҩĺ󣬱ȻˣЩҩǧöҩ
ǧöΪĵҩʹһҲ޷óϾô൤ҩ԰һȺڵ޵ߣڶʱڽ׵Ϊ޵Ȼߣأڹ޵Ҳϰˡ
ٵҩֻں͹ڣڵҩٱҲò
ô൤ҩ֮ҩ˲٣Ƶ󣬼ûһʧܡ

ҩ̵ֿ૵ô൤ҩóﵽڵΪɣ
˿޵߳һΪĻѪѪ
ڲʮѣһöһ㣬ôҩ˵һڴﵽΪһСɣҲĴɣǧ޵ߣҪȫ׵ڣǧöҩ޷
ǰöԺȥ԰תһȦʱֶһ촢еġЩҩȫڵϣͩ棬׼ٴƵҩƵĵҩȴǹ߹Ϊĵҩ
Ϊ鷳Ҫڵ࣬ҩҲûôЧϾһöһΪȴУöδͻһ㡣Ȼùǹȥԣͻǳ¡
ԵҩͻƣΪȻˣȴûиı䣬ʶʩչĵ
򵥵ĵҩҲ˵Ϊĵҩֻһ֣һЩҩΪ鷳ҩʮ㣬ЩһöҩԵּöЩҩҩѻã͵ڽȴûҩ
ٵתһҩķڷ˻ȼգҩĻΪҩ֭ԺΪҩ֭һ𣬾۳һööҩƬ֮һ¯γˣٴͶ뵽ҩ֮С
еҩĶԺĵ˵ͷʱ䣬ٶöоȻûһöʧܡɴ˿ɼҩһЩģƳյϧûҩ
ʣµҩģռѰ⣬ȫٵˡ
ôȻЩ̣Ҳûа취£ܲܰеҩĶ߰ɣ
ȴȡһЩҩĵӣȥԺо֮
һк뿪ɽȣɽŶȥ
ȥ֮һҪ£ѰյʣҩģΪ


062 Ұ
뿪ʱûһ˿仯˳Ļصڡ
һ·ϣϸĴϢȥһηɽׯȴûѰٵ˵䡣ΪˣЩź׼յƳԺѰˣʹѰʮ꣬ʮҲϧĽᣬ֮ܽ·Ϻͻơ
صڣȥ٣Ҫϵҩ䷽
ٲûϵҩ䷽ȴ룬ôڵ޵ߣжҩĻȻ뵽ף׵ĶȴһӰշ
ϵŮӣȻʶкôˡ
㿴룬һԣ룬ȥˣҶ㼸ˡ
΢΢һЦô𣿡
һۣû˵ϻû¾Ͳ𣿡
˵ͻȻӦΪѾﵽճڣ΢΢һ㶵ͻˣ
뿪ʱ䲢ֻм£ô̵ʱͻԭƿǲܵ£Ƿ˵ҩ
ݸһЦûлشĻǵǹȥȻˣھ͹ȥɣ
˵һ£ͻΪ·ٸɣ
΢΢üͷ֪ʲô𣿡
֣ңôԵ޹ʸǷҪ֪٣ÿһ൱ѡ
ҡͷʲôҲ֪ҲǴʦõϢ
·ϣǰľ룬ԭȻﵽڵĶ壬ҪͻҲҪһϡʦĽݶһУõһǧҩݣԴҩΪΪƳһö鵤ƿ
鵤ͬյһͻƿΪĵҩҩЧȴҪȹõĶࡣҪȹ࣬鵤ҪһöǧҩΪҩڵ޵У˵ǧϵҩݣϵĶΪѵá
鵤ȻѣҩЧҲ쳣ˡǹڵ޵ߣû鵤Ժʮа˾ŶͻԭΪ˵ʺһĵӣͻԺΪܴﵽڳڵľ硣
ȻûֵҩҲΪеˡ
·ϣһоεпģ˵Ϊ֮
һ룬ˣӴ˱ͺ٣ΨһпܵľϴǴ졣
ڣûмңһͬڵĵӽӴǡ
ΪǣΪңӣȻȻߣǰЩλ
ǵıһǿļ壬Ǽ޵ҲЩӰ죬еӣһʱ䡣ĵӱڼΪ΢ûпͻƵˣȻᵽͼڴҵ
Ǽûһ˿⣬֪һʦܣʦãˡ
΢΢Цߵǰ
Ҳ໥Ӧһ£漴ʵʦ֣Ǻ£
ǲûж˵ϻֱӵʦղЩ£Ұ˵һ¡
˵˲ûжʣ˵ǻУ˴Ӹѡ⣬ĵӶԸ壬һܵħڵϮأϣܹȥ
󣬲üͷ⻰еΪѡǣ
˼֮ʱƺɻ󣬵ʦܣʦ˵ûǰһֱԷӦöò١
ֿһʦҲȥչӣԷҲһ˽⡣
벻׼ȥǲıǰʦֻ֣𣿡
΢΢һЦʦܣ㿴ˣպǣԺҺʦּɡ
ҽܺ󣬵Ȼˣʦ˵ˣûгȥȻҴӣܶ黹Ҫʦܺʦáġ
ھ𣿡
ƺҲһ˿ߣʵ
ǵͷھͳ
˸Լ뿪˻š
һ޼ʵɽϣ˿ٷУǿڲżãһ·˵޵ڵȤ£·ϵҲįԸҲǿŵһ࣬ʱĲ弸仰ֻһͷУԲ˼ʲô
պһƬţԽȥ֮С
ڵ޵ߣȻ񣬵Ҳ޷һֱȥϾкľʱ
ͣԱС
ҹˣ˵ϣֻڿۣս˵ڡ
룬º˵
֮ʱͻȻ˹
ɱƣʲô£
ʦֵĻŶ٣
һЦһһɣأΪʲôôʣ
̾Ϣһ֪ʦΪʲôƻ鵤֪˶Ϊ
Ϊλ
һʵ
ûлشƬ̺󣬵룬ʵܶ鲻ʦҵģߵʱһ룬ҲʦܵķΧˣ޵֮˱ͰһпúܵʦôңѾܸжˡ
ԽԽС󼸺᲻š
Ѿˣʹ˵Ĺٸˣֵͬ飬κ˳ŵֻȰ˵ĺˣҲĿŵĶʲô˼Ժǧֿһ𣬼ʹǶ֣ҲӦ䡣
ʱ䣬һЩӦ֮ߣֱɫ΢Ž֮С
޵֮ˣָڵٶȺܿ죬ΪԽߣ֮ҲԽϡȻٶҲ࣬Щϵ޵ߣָٶȸǿľˣһʱָܻ롣
պ˱ĿĵأĶǡҰǡ
۹ǣ뻹ǵһοΰ̶磬ǰʱҲŴǣЩȻΰ׳ۣǰĶȣֱֵһᣬ˾޴Ķǣɰϵ˿ڡ
Ϊ˲Ӱ׽˽ʱ˼·
֮ȸŷ⣬һ··ߴߴʱ˵˵ǣ˵ĻһЩСԡ߻ͺǣ˵һطһˡ
ҵңǮҡǮǳļ֮һڵ˲ڵ۹Ϊ٣Ӫŵ۹ҵ主ԣ̶ȣԿ˵ϸɵйϼڵ˶򵥵ĵ۹ʵۼ峤ҲҪ֡
ǮҸۡĺţ˿һߣԼʮһ˫۾
ΪǮΪǮҵĹ֮һƽںŴһЩҼˡ
Ǯ񱾲ǮǮҼһʱʱߣΪǮǮҵļ͡
ʱǮ񿴵ˣһƣôˣôòҪղȺһС
뵽۾˼ڶԷϴһʡ


063 Ǯ
ڷʱȻͷ󣬿ٵߵǰδرյĺţܼңãǡ
뻰δ˵ǹܼһһ
ĻףԷҪʲôѹʦ֣ûзĻңһ㡣
üͷʦ֣Ҹղ˵ɽȥ㲻ҵģĻô鷳
ǴӴסһԪݸ󣬵Ұǿǵ۹ǣ޵֮˱ض٣ǻǲҪΪá
һǣȫξģסڳڣʹڵ޵Ȼв١
õԪϴһǮǰܼң㡣
ܼδС۾¶һ϶ԷŷŽԪ΢΢һЦվֱһԪ㵽Уݳ̶һզࡣ½ԪͷȻԪķ˵㣬ǿܽܣ˵ɣҪͨʲôš
ֱӽ⣬һǮҵļ֪㲻
ǮʱһΪȵ˵λǰɣ⴩
΢΢һ㶣ʹйϵ𣿡
ǮشͻȻղĽԪת£ţȥͨ
Ƭ̺Ǯǰ˹ǽãǡڼң֪ͨǹȥ
ӦһǮĴ£һ˱ۡȥ
Ƭ֮һмΣһӡ
üɢһɲĹƣ˱Ǯ֮Ǯꡣ
Ǯ˽һɨԭΪһЩµˣӦ˵Ϊ֮ϣʱһæվǮڰ֣˵λǮĳʲô𣿡
󣬵Թࡣ
һԵǮȴ΢΢һǮ֮ʹ˻ʵۣҲ˵˿ƽۣѵüηôţһɻתȥ
߳Ǯֻñһ亹⣬ղǵǮһ˵ȥ
ԽȥԽǾú󱳷Ժһɳ嶯ҵˣѸղŵõǮǡ
ǮôˣȴӿĽŲȥ
˿̣֮ڣǮСмλϣһԡ
֮Ǯʵλǰʲô𣿡
ʱҲڻΪʲУûͻڣصڴҵһʮʮꡣ
ǿһΧû˵ǮȻеĺ壬ͷλǰ
Ƭ֮һյڣΧ󷨣ʹ޵͵ûƳ󷨵ǰ£Ҳ޷ڵ̸
֮󣬺ǵʦ˵ǮħϮǷһ£
Ǯ΢΢һ㶣漴ʲôǰʱвħǰ͵ϮڵĲҵʧ١
˵һ£˿ǣλǰǲЭ¼ħˣ
ǵͷ˲û¶֮ɫҺλʦܣＩħˡ
û˵ղǮȻֻһ˲䣬Ǳ
µĻ뼸û˵һ䣬Ǯͺμħˡ
ȶ֮󣬺ǵʦܣ㿴Ҹղŵļƻô
빰ֵһʦְš
Ҳ͵ʦ֣һжעɣ
ǵ˵ͷȻˣҺǮʦֶһϸڡ
վһ뿪ɫʦ֣ҺʦȻȥϢˡ
ǮæϽһ壬ݸ룬˰ǰŷġ
뿪֮󣬺ͻȻʵ鰲ŵôˣ
Ǯʦ壬ΪСӾɱʦˣ
̾ϢһҲ޷ȷʦǶɵСϡ
Ǯһ£ʵʦ壬˵μٽħ̽СӵΪ
ǵͷһΪǱô򵥣ǲǣûл
˵⣬һɱ⣬ɱ죬۸Ĵ۶Ҫ
ڸۡڵĵ·ϣҹգͻȻʵ룬ղΪʲô˵
뵭ȻһЦ㲻Ҳ𣿡
ͷڴɱ죬ǲģ
һȴûκα仯ʦãǸ𣿡
ҡҡͷΪͣлķҪɱѡ
˵ͻȻʲô˵Ҳûɱһ档
֪ٺ֮䷢¡
˵Ժ󣬼ֻԹԵţûнӻͶ£һֹӡ
ǡתͷЦʵô˵ʲô
룬𵱳ȵΣҧҧ룬һ£ܿ㡣
ƺ֪Ľһûж˵ʲôǷʵأôӣΨֻҹûΪʲô
ʵҲΪʲôǲ٣Ͼٵɱ˶һЩ
̾Ϣһ׷ҵ£ڵ˼֪ˣܶ඼˻ȥɱģΪҺ㡭
ɫһ죬ĻҲ˵ȥˣΡ
Ϊйϵ
΢΢һЦĻ˵ˣҲЦˡ˵ûʲôϵйϵûͻ£Ҳȥɱ졣
صһºɫߺ˵ǵģ֪Ǹûϵ
һ
뿴ǿգӿ˵ĸ֡
֮ȻһЩʵ룬˵
ʵѾ뻰е˼ֻǲȥˡ
İһ˦˵ڴµİǺΪǻŻȥ𣿡
Уһ˲ޱȣҲµĲһǡ
ЩţΪʲôû֤ݣΪʲôҪǳ֣
ЦˣɫȻ˵ˣүүǻŵʦ׷Ҫ汳Ǿõ
ʱڻûȫϾһಢԻš
ɫ԰ףҡҡͷ૵ģڲɱǡ
ɴɱҲŹ
һȭͷִʱǵøߣʹЩˣҲа취㰲Ȼ뿪
ѾˣĲϧһдɱֻñˡ
ԱţԲᣬҡͷУţҪڸ׷ɱ

ѾһΣںЩ䱻ɱ뿪Ƿ֮أ
ҹ紵ɢҵ֮һ˫˫ۣôľȻ


064 ħ
ҹˣڴϣȴûİĻʱ̱־裬ȻΪԷӦħʱҹ˾ʱЩ˲ǲ͵Ϯָоϻᷢʲô
ۡڣҹ죬Ӵվߵǰ
һҹ紵ڷҡҷ裬ʱϨ
һһУ򴰻ǰһƣһ͸ǽ˲γɣǽһͼɼлޣɽԼпܿǳͼ
ǰĻ֣ǹճһЦݣڣ־˼֡
ǰΪֵĵ֮һʩչٶȱȻƾеĻƱڻҪ֣ȴƱô̬Ӧǿʱ𵽵ЧȴԶ׼Ҳôһֱڵԭڡ
֮⣬ãڲǱô򵥣·ضˡ
أ֮һâУע⣬һΪлʡ
üͷ𣬰ǵĹâȥ
ڵҹУһɫ۵޵Ȼڵĸۡȥٶȿľˣգ֮䣬˱ûڸۡڡһʶ̽飬޴ӷ֡޵ƾʧһ
Ҳ˴𰸣һŷĵڵ׷֣һԭǶԷΪض֮ϣڵΪȻ޷̽鵽ԷĴڡ
ʶҪһ޵߸࣬ܺڶĸڶԭôԷΪǽ޵ߡͷ֮սɫ΢΢һ䣬˿Ѿûڣٺͽڵĸֶδϴһȫˡ
ڵ޵ΪʲôѵҪء
뵽Ӱһһ̣ķڡ
ķڣͻȻʱоһӴǰ͸Ļ֣뵭ȻһЦҲ󷨡
һһŴУ򵥵˵˼㣬֮ڡ
Ƭ֮󷨴򿪣һ·ǰ˯ʵʵ룬ôˣôϢˣ
һ·ɰ۵ĲᣬʶֿԺ󣬱һ˻صϢˡ
ûлشæΧһ󷨡
˽Լ÷ʲô£벼úԺ󣬲С룬ʲô𣿡
ȻӴʱ䲻֪벻ֻһ޵ķʸˡ
뿴һѸղſ˵һ飬ǾȻɽڵ޵ˡ
۾һ£ʵ룬Ȼǽڵ޵ߣʩչʱӦøоŶԡ
ʶУںڵĲνȻ֮ڵ޵߿Ϣڵ޵߸޷쵽
뵭ȻһЦתƻзֵİ취ڵ޵𣿡
ҡҡͷûԷòҲȷֻƾһ˿Ϣ޷жϡ
Ҳ֪ЩϢǿԷƣǵǿߣ԰ħϢתϢֻΪµ޵ЧߵΪͬȣȻ޷ԭĵϢһЩͨǿ
ȥ
뿴
΢΢һ㶣Ǿ֮ɫѵǿǽڵ޵ߣ㲻±֣
ŷҵ޵ߣõһϢĵϢ
·ϣȵȡ˲ĳɾ͡
ȻûаϢ壬Կ϶Ϣǽڵ޵Ҳδܷ֡ڶԷϣԷϢЩΣգȻ˵ҲøĿڡ
룬ȵʵ˵ʲô԰Ϣ޵߷֣
ͷи¶ŵɫʲôȻ
ûӺѧģԿ϶ǻŵĵ
Ȼ£Ժɣȥǲǽڵ޵ҪԸǣϣ׽Ӧô
˵һ˿ɱ⡣
ܵɢĵɱоȻһ䣬ʶĵ˵ͷ
ǮҸۡڣõ壬޵µĵطȥ
Ǯ֮󣬱Χĵδſһ£޵ĵطǺڵķ䡣ǵķ䣬סĵطһξ룬ǻ޵߻ͺԶԸĽóȻǰȥ̽顣
˿̣ǵķڣվˡ
Ƕͷ亹岻ǰʲô˼
ǣǻŵ޵ߵӵСȻħڣѵǲħڵŭ𣿡
޵ͷųһӴѹʶںǵϣһ˿Ի˲֡
󣬸亹ôҲû뵽ħڸֻҵһǽڵ޵ߡҪֻ֪ڵΪڵ޵ֻҪһָͷܰɱȻﾪȴ˵ǰ޵Ĺ涨ѵ𣿡
޵Уڵ޵߾Բ֮£ǶԷǿ֣߳һɳǿߡǰĽ޵ΥĹ涨һмȻûа·ϡ
޵󣬹Цһǵʱ˳ȥ
䣡
һ촫ǵѹӺصˤڵϣһѪ漴˳
Ǽѵվǰ޵ߣһһٵʵǰѵ֮ս𣿡
ЦֹͣЦСӣвңаһûô˵˵ʶ
˵һ£ֽŵ˸㣬ҽо

ǵһȻ˵Է֣ǰ
ڰ֣ϵֻǾ㣬ǻʲôħûйϵħΪ
ûзӣħȻɣҲԵ޹ʵĴ˵ע⣬Ϊңһʯ뷨Ҳ֪
ǿѹĵķŭһЩǰֻҳڵͽûħ졭
˵ͻȻһɱæĿڵᴦãڶħڵʧʦһЩ
ںһɨĲˣҾȡһЩϢġ
ȻֹȻͷųӴϢһϵĴмǰ
֡
ķɫ쳣ѿ֪Ҫˡ
ûйЦģҲɱ㣬
Ȼת򴰻һȥɭȻɣ֪ôʱ䣬ǲӦûһ½ˣ


065 ҹ
Խףϵ׺һſųӣӨ͸Ǵ½ټƷ֡
ľΧ˸ĻݣЩѾţɢEFζ
΢紵ζƮʹʮ֮Ҳŵ
˳žķ򣬳Χȥǳ˻⣬ʲôҲûпﲻɻǮڵ޵ߣΪڶ֮£ǱΧΪֲܷˡ
һӴʩչƺʲô̸һЦתǣϷ򿴴ˣһΪǱΧ
Уһܵɫ֪ʲô
һǵɻ󣬲֪⻰Ǻ⡣
ں˼֮£Ҳɱ㣬Ҳ׻ȥƻħܵ
ĴһǹӴͻȻɢһɫĹââϡԿһɫڿٵۡ
ɫ㣬˺ʧ飡
ǾĳУͷųǿĹǶΪ֮£޷ֵ˵Ǳ鹥޵ߣᱻ̺ħڣħһ޷⣬Ϊһ޷ӡ
һڿлһߣǷȥ
ٶȿľˣգ֮ǵǰֱؿڡ
˿ٶȣǸ޷㣬ȻͷųһɫĻ֣ҪѺֵ⡣һΪĶֻ֣ϴһ죬ûڡ
ǵؿڴһӴСѪɼϸ¶ʹɫ
һЦһմֻؿڴڹһڷ˳
һھУСӣȥңôţһһȥ
˵˶٣ҵľħʮųһΪˣ
ЦУɢڵٵ
һ紵𣬷ڵڷеڵϣ졣
ľˣٲȻʩչǿʹǵΪҲ޷ڿ˫ۡ
һʱ䣬ȻֹͣΧȻָƽ񿴵һֻһξ
Χӣȴ֤ʵ˸ղŵһʵڡ
뿪󣬷ڵѹҲ֮ʧɫ԰ףڵϴڵĴϢš
УһɱǽȭͷԭûħڳֵĽڣ
˵ٴڴϣ૵ʲô˼ѵˣ
ʶɢϣȴûиܵһ˿쳣ɻ󣬡Ӧò޵ķʸΪʲôҪ˵Ļѵһɵˡ
˵Цһȴǣϵƣ¶ʹ֮ɫ
һʱصڡ
˿̣ɫ԰ֽʱظһϯ¡
ʱΪǱˣڵ׼ʱ֡ӣȴѣ£ܶ˶վҪ;һսˡ
һЦȻܺ棬Ϊʲôô𣿡
ͷ̧룬ʵΪʲôô϶֣
ɫȻûκα飬ǳ֣˵ô໰˵ղź;Ļкܶ඼˵ȻҲ֪ηǣȴܿ϶ȥʱѾ֪ˡ
ķɫ쳣Ŀ۲ôϸ
Цˣɱֵľ裬ЩֻǱʶΪûпȥ
̾ϢһŪ½ǣһ֪ӡƬ֮ߵǰʵ룬Ҫ֣㡭
һ£ƺ⣬λߣû˵
գҧ´룬Ļᱳ𣿡
⻰Ѿһˣ¶ʣЦˣӦˣΪԼˡ޵籾һǿʳĵطɱ죬˾롣
˳ñ䣬ֱƺϾһУɣûɶ˵𣿡
Ȼ֪ôش𣬵һΪˣȻ޷ᵽ顣Ŵҽ̵ܶ˵ĵָٹ̵˼룬ʹҲܱš
ԽԽͷתһߣһ˲䣬Īʧ䡣
룬һ죬㱳ţǵ𣿡
룬ʵ
붼û룬شҺ֮岻ǽ֮ϣʹɣҲǵѡ
վԭأͶ˼£һȴû˵
ãת˫֮Կһ˿Ứлл㣬Ժǻܻţ㽫ֵεѡ
˵һ£˵㲻ǣαĺҪȴҪֳһס
ߵǰĴĺ󱳣Ҫˣǻȥ׷ħڵӵ䣬;ж֣Ļ뿪ţ뿪֮ǰԸߣһ㡣
ҡҡͷƿ֣룬ȻҵѣҲ˵ﻰ۽ôҶ뿪ɣѻš
ҧ´ϵɫЩΣҲϣˡ
밵Ϣһһۣû˵漴ǰȥ
󷨴򿪣뿪ķ䡣
˿ֻ̣һˣվԭأôãȻ
ԺһڹʩչǱ֮Ȼǵķ⡣
ǵķǽ壬ȴһˣ͵Ƶĵоɢ΢Ĺâڷҡҷ
أ
üͷ͸ڷһɨ
ͣǰһεɼѪϣԭ˵ôأȻҲʩչˡ
ӰһյϵѪٶȥ
նݳƬ̣ͻȻͣѪͨķһôȥ
뿪Ǯңһ·ϱȻʹĺ԰У滷ɽΧر֣һЩ޵ûΧȻûͷʶڼֻڵʿϣǸоһ˿
һʵ۹ȻȻڽڰ޵ߣȻǵΪһЩԸֻ̳ڻ¡Ͼ޵ߺ˼йһЩĵĹأʲôʱ޵߲Բ£Ҳ˵˭ʵۣ޵߶Գָĳ
һΡ׳۵ĳǽ밵ʩչΪһ磬ͨм䴩˽ȥ

ȷʵһָĵôʱ䣬һ˿Ƥë⻹ڼеʱ򣬸ߵķȡһͻơȻͻЩСҲǿֻʩչᱩ¶١
ȻˣȻˣ廯Ϊһ磬ȴʹá
ѧϢ֮󣬰ֵں֮ȴܽ¶Ϣı׶ˡ
ϵȷʵ棬Ѿڶһ֣˵ԽͨͨǿĵĵҲΪˣʩչ׵ľ룬ڵһ
һ㣬ҲƲѣȴûûκΰ취ֻϣܶһЩеİأʩչʱġ
ʹĺ԰к󣬳ǽʿȻһս໥ȥ
һʿɻ֮ɫܵһ쬵ĺû
ʿֹоϴνһ
˵ʿɫһƺʲô˵˸ſ־֮ɫ


066 
ʹ԰λҰǱ԰һ޴ɽ֮С
ɽ˸Ļݣ¥ľݣ֮⣬һ޴󷨣󷨿άɽڵ£ʹںĶɽڵҲ紺һʶˣɽڣʲôڶܿʻ涷ޡ
԰һ㶼ĵطȻʵϾ֮ʱҲɢ
˳ѪɽſڣɽԵʮڵ޵ߣȲѡȵԭ޵֮࣬ΪЩ޵߾Ȼм൱죬Կ϶Щ޵ڻھԼ
һ˼ѵźͳŲɼ˹ϵ˵Ļʵ۾ǻŰõһӡЩΥ޵еĹ𣿺ǰҹΪʲôѵǶԸԼ
뵽Ӿ԰ڿǵʲô
ʩչ˼ޣص廯Ϊһ磬Ȼɽڴȥ
԰֮ʱɽȿǿš԰ֵʯϣͻȻͷųһ˿΢⡣һţ֪۲޷֡벢֪Χ޵ȴʱʱ̿עǿʯмѾǱɽС
Ȼһ벢֪Ӱɽڿɶ˼ѲߵĽɽȥ
Ƭ̣һ·ڣԭѪӡͻȻʧ
ͣ壬·һЦߵ·ڶȥ
ѪȻеѪζȴ޷ȥڵʶ˶ǿҲһ޵ǿ࣬Ȼ׷ֺȥ·ߡ
ǰһɵĸ¥¥ϵһڷɵľ·ʱڷɶ𣬰ءϳ˽ɫƬ˫ĿŲ񷣬ȫ¸һĵѹ
¥ǰûв󷨣Ҳû޵Ǳ˳¥Ĵǰ
¥Ĵûйأ͸ƹ⣬Ŀˡ
һɫĵۣԼʮ꣬ΪǴﵽڶ塣ɫȻŴҹɫ
Աߵϣ˵ĺǡɫ԰ףϢЩ΢ϵѪѾһһɾ·
ＫΪ˶û˵˼ʲô
Ƭ֮󣬺һʦ֣㵽ʲô˼
ʦ֣
ȻһңĴڻҲ˵ᣬ츳˵ʮﵽ˹ڵΪһȥ⣬޵ټϵ
᲻ô
ɻ֮ʱǿеĴʦ˵ˡ
ǣұ֣ҪܺңҲ
̾ϢһΣʮǰҾӦˣҪǻϾңһö񵤡Ҳн죬ŵһУ˵Ѿûκιϵˡ
񵤺;鵤һ켶ҩֻǺǻָĵǰǻָʶ˵صʶˣֻûл𣬶ڶ̶ʱڻָʹһЩֻҪ㹻ľҲܹ
Ѿȷ˾ǻʮǰȥǸšͬʱҲΪ񵤸еȣ񵤵䷽ȻȾ鵤ѵãҲǲѰٵֻʱҩ̫ѻãʵεõأ
ǿᣬʦ֣֪ԼʮǰһЩ˽ӦʦһѵΥԼŵԣһѳŵˣ
һ漴תǣʱѾָȻǣüҼȻӦˣͻȥε񣬲ǸղǾ仰ϣ֮ǰ˼һ£ȥȰ˵˸ı⡣
һЦɫһʦ֣㻹ǹȥһУȻ˵óˡ֡Ҳ֪ȻΣ£ɶٲӦʦľ
û˵ȭͷȻ߬ϵ˵ˣȥҲᣬЩΪ粽δΪʲôΪ޷⿪ǵĽᡣҲãûҲգҪֻ֪
û˵˫һգգĿᣬͶ˼£ȴû˵ʲô
̾ϢһλʦܵҲ֪ˣǺǣ˵󣬾ȻʵǸƻѵ°ѻٲ֮ȣΨһųˣеĿȻ֪ѵΪܻų𣿡
Цˣʦ֣ô֪ʦ˼ҵļƻ𣿡
һƺЩмƻѵΪ˷飬𣿡
ҡҡͷƺںղŵĻһһٵ˵壬ʲôе壿޵ߵУΪ𣬻Щ۸Ļ𣿾ХǰʱҲΪʲôǻʵС
˵Ƕ˶٣˼֣ȼʹǧ裬ҲҪǰȥѾûжʱˡʹΪҲΪһλᣬԺҲûлˡ
û˵һᣬͻȻ˫ۣһ⣬ңǲ֪ʮһ˻ᵹ԰ȥ̽飬ҵ鱨
ǵͷʦ֣Ȼ¶ûˣʦġԡѾ޵Ŷף˾ѪԪΪʲôûŶ޵֮ϡ
û˵˼˵һ䣬֮⣬ʦ֪ϴȥȲΪǡֻû뵽к£ǧ㣬ȴû뵽ᷢ¡
ᵭȻϣٴ¶һ˿ЦݣЦôĲôΣƺ׷ȥİˡأתźǣ벻˵ѾȾ磬ҵ
֮һȴصӵ׵ܣ绢ȴûκӵ߲˵ʹΪٸҲ޷֡Ȼ߻һͨתס
תˣǿĹʹ޵Ҳ濹⡣̫ͨ죬ʩչʹúνǾһξ֮СξΪξһŴΣһαһμѣʹߴξѲʶҲҪܵˣԻָ
վߵߣʦֻ֣Ҫǽɽȣ㸺𡣡
ˣ
Цһʵ
ƺûЦˣˡ
߬ȭͷɿһ޵ķʵô϶ͷ졯ڵΪҪʩչͨ»ѣϾǾѼͨ
赣ģа취
΢΢һЦһ˳ᢵӡ


067 
ڣٴαð˸˼
̧ͷһߵĺǣ֪ЩҲֹһκȥ̽顣
Ȼ̧ͷǾȣƺ뵽ʲôʵŪȵܣ
ͷشŪڵܣһֱΪûĻǱյڶѡ
˵̾ϢһΣǺҲ֪ˣǸ󷨵ǿԶԶ˼޵ܹƳǿڡ
ƺ֪ô˵ȷʵǿ󣬼ʹڵ޵߽УҲûĿܣΨЩһ˿ϣÿγ֣޵綼ᷢʣѵ㲻֪˵
ᵭȻһЦЦг˲ΪȻ˵ʲôϵ˵ʲôûҪĻԸߡʲôţʲô˵ûһ塣
֪ô˵ȥֻƣתƻһºĽ죬ϣܳǮҸۡǰ
ῴźߵǰ˵ģҴӦһҲϣسŵ
ֻҪ˳ȥȣʦһǼ㡣
ǵĻڷڻصѾʩչȥ
뿴һۣʩչǱ֮ȥǸɽǰ㿴޵ΧЩ޵ߵΪߣڹҡжһŷɫȻĿɽȿڵǿʯڵȴʲô˳һ
֪ɽΧǿ󷨣Ϊ߶ᱻ֡벻ֻ֣дɽȿǱǴ˿̣ɽǰ쳣ɽȿڣһᱻЩ˷֡
ô죿
뿴źȥͻȻճһЦȻҪԸңҾյϢɣ
ԭص壬ͻȻͷųŨеа
Ȼʹãаȴܹͨͷš
Ӵа֮ϣԭòֻӰһɽȿڡأһӭɽǰʯٴͷųϸ΢⣬ڴͬʱصҲ˵С
˿̣˿ɽǰվһɫֵ޵ߣ޲¶֮ɫ
Ǿȵԭ㣬һǶԷΪȻ֮ϣǶԷȻа֮ˡ
а˱ħҪϡ٣ϾħֻҪյɣаȴҪ࣬ȱӵаֻаﵽһ̶ȣõʩչȻаȽѣȴҪһ޵ǿࡣ
Ȼһаȴûĵֻ棬ڸԭò
Щ޵΢΢һ㶣Ӱһɽȿڡ
ʲôˡ
ͷһ޵ߺʵ
ûж֣ǿǣôһϣǵһ
ҲԣĻмֵܲܵЩ޵ߵĹԵĻʹ޵ȫһҲֵܵ
Щ޵һ㶣Ϊ뻰е˼ԲЩˣǶʱЩ޵ޱȣҲǣҲǣǰ˵޵˵ǰѵ㲻֪ǻʹصأκ˲׼Ǳ𣿡
һЦɤɳһЩǺǣҲ֪һ֪ʹڲʮϵ޵ߣǰʮνͣ
󣬵ÿֶӡЩ˵ĵס
ͷ޵ߣɫһףǰˡ
ôˣÿ˶зɱһڵĸ֡
ɱ
һ£ʮ޵ͬʱʱڵҹձɫ֡
ʮ˵˲ǰͻɽһ㣬Ҫնɱ¡
ɫȻ̧֣һתһ󣬻ڱǰ͸Ļָһ֣Щ֮ϣƺ׼ʱһ·һĻʮ޵Ŀɿڴ
ʮ˵ڻϣ졣ǣЩȻȴûһƻڵķ͸Ļ΢΢һЩһɣص˵ǰԭҫ۵Ĺâ֡
Щ޵ߣŴͣĹˣȻ޷ƶԷķ
Щ̶ȣÿ޵ﶼ쳣ʹ޵ôҲĶӵ³
˿̣Щﲻ룬ѵǰǽڵ޵ߡǣôҲȻԷû¶Ϣȴû¶޵еʶѹ
޵ߣӵнѹΪȶԷһĻǿѹöԷʧȥ޵ȴη޵ߵʶѹϾ޵ߵʶѾǿˣڵԪҲҺ˹塣
ӵǿķҲ뾪ȲѣΪֵֻܵһϵĹ
ڣǳ
뿴ŻϵǳüͷǰʩչʱûЩͼΪʲô۾ΧɽͻȻ֣ϵɽͼ࣬æʶϣȴȵķ֣ɽ̺
СҲ֮һ
ѵؼ;
뷨һ֣ǰһǸ̫ܵ΢΢ƺɴһ㡣оȥԷĹٴǰڻڵʶȻջأпٵǣһʱͷųҫ۵߲ʹâ
â䣬ֱʹǧ֮ҲĿ
촫Щڻϵķ䣬ʱΪһ̣ʧ
ڣȻԹ֮ͨ
ʱĸоΧɽ
ǳѵܽǵƤ֮µ
ôţȴսȻʩչΪһ⣬ƿշȥ
ҡڵȥЩ޵޲һǻ¶Էɱ֣ǵ԰ɽڡҲɻѣϾаħ˳ֺδ˵ԷռϷ󣬻»ڵ
ɽڣһϹٶתۼ˵ǰ
ϹɢӰ˵ǰǱӣʵô£
ǰ˵޵ߣͳ죬ղǱ뵽ԭ¸ͳˣ˵κ˲㡣Ҿ˽סҲú󷨣ȴЩ˳֣Ȼ󡭡
о֮ɫһæϵף˵ʲôʮŷû¶Է
׵޵ֹһ£ԷӶû
Ȼô룬ȴ˵ǰ˵̫̬ˣʩչһ֣ôǵķ
ţѸղſϸ˵һ飬Ҳǵ߲ʹâ
߲ʹâʱ׵˶ʱâڱ֮⣬ܵһӴʶѹǵϡǹʶ£ǵҵĲһִԷֻҪһĴָǻɢ
⻰Ҳһȵ˵ʲôֵܵʮ˵ȫһܺ˵Ĵ뿪
˲֪ɽΧһУȴĺܣΪڽһµ޵ߣ޷ɽΧС


068 ҩ¥
벢ûлǮҸۡһ·򱱣Զһɽȥ
֮ϣһɫɽ֮С
Ƭɽڣûһֻޣ޶޵նɱˡϾ붼Ǻܽһƻʧʮֲءɽг˲һ£Χһ򵥵󷨣漴ʩչڡ
ͨǿʶӦȷǷܹ֮ͨ
ľɽ
ڳֺ߱㼯ǻľɽͼУһڻ֮ϡһΣϲûг߲ʹâһ˿ӦҲûгֻ֣֮пԸоΧ΢ڻڵͼС
ô£
üͷ૵ΪθоǹڣôȴʧȥӦأ
һʧ漴ʩչ˼ΣûиӦǵ΢գֻ÷оʩչǮҸۡķ򷵻ءȥһȥɲ֪ʲôĽ
Ƭ֮صڵԺڣĵЩ࣬ǲû
ڵ󷨣Ǻͳȥʱһ
ŷڣ֮Сһҹ޻峿ڵΪͻƵƣûгţڷڰĺǲš
ԭƻһȥ񣬵һֱϣǶûҹ
ҲˣǲиʱϣʱͻڵΪһԺиıʱͻƿһ򵥵£ûȡκͻơ
ſ˫ۣ̾ϢһУôȥʵ̫ˣϾõҩ
ǮҸۡڵʵϡЩһҹڻһʱࡣ
ڵбȽϸӣ޷뿪Ǯһֻôȥ
ʱһƮ˽һ죬ֱСʶ뵽УеĻ󣬴ȼΪһƬֽҡ󷨴򿪣Цվôˣ
˲Ǳˣһɫ·ȫһɶصʣֻɫЩʲôĵһĻûлش𣬻ߵߣ⼸ʲô
ʳ仰ԼЩ԰ףЦһ
Ҫشȴ˵ǰҹҡ
㣿
ɫһǲǸıƻˣ
Ͼ˵ôأһλţڵħȥˡȻ֪һʲôĵطȴԿ϶ȥԺνǾһ
ͷǵģʦ˵ʱе£ܴȥˣ˵֮ʦ
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Ҳ˵޵ߣңĶӣΪҲﵽڶ塣
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ת˲䣬ֿһۣͶ˼£ƺ˵ʲôߣʲôҲû˵
뿴ȥıӰȻһЦ뿪˱Ժ뿪Ұǡ
ʱ䣬㹻ܶˡյƣٵļҩģٸؽгҲܻáҰгԶһĽгҰ޵ɡš
޵мϵ֮һǿ޵ʤռ޴󣬼ɽڹϽ֮ڡȻҲУȴʲôԭ򣬲ûȥȣƺηʲô
ڵܣ޵вûƺе޵߶Ը¡
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ȹϽĽгȻŵҪ࣬ǰػ޵ߣΪҲմڡ
г˵޵Ҳܶ࣬ʹ޵мΪѼһЩ׷Ҳܿгתһᣬ˲Ҫҩģ׼ȥʱͻȻԱһԼʮ¥¥ϵľдɫ֡ҩ¥
߽ҩ¥ڣһ޵ӭ˹Ҫ˵ȴӦ߳Ϊɫʱ˼֣ǰҪʲô
޵ߣԼʮ֣һ˫С۾˸ž⣬һ֪һˡ
Χĵҩƿһɨ漴ʵʲôҩ𣿡
ЦЦ϶˵ǰֻҪ˵ĳֵĵҩǶС
ԷĻöԷĿЩǵҲ𣿡
Է΢΢һ㶣ǰ˵Цˣ켶ĵҩ˵ûУʹ½һЩĵҩҲδõ
˵һת˵ṩ󲿷ҩֻҪǰõóҩģһܸƳ
˵ͷֺ޵˵һЩǷ۵ҩ䷽
ǰ˵
ԷһΧûû˽ѹ޵д󲿷ҩʹһЩʧҩҲһЩ
˵ţһ޵ߣ¥ȥ
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㣬ÿһ㣬뾪һ֡ղ޵ߵĻǿȷкܶ൤ҩҲ˵ֻҪܳ˼Ǯ޵д󲿷ֵҩܹ򵽣Ȼ켶ĵҩﲢûС
㣬޵ͣһŴ֮У빧˵ǰ¾͵ˣʦ˼棬ҪʲôҩֻҪ˼۸һ⡣
ͷ޵һ뿪ˡ
˿̣ǰѾĴ򿪣һɫ˳
ɫҲڵΪŷɫ룬Ӧ벻Ϊʱļ֣ѣ롣
˲뷿䣬֮ߵպһ֪ͣγƺ
شͻȻ뵽ʲôĿڵճ
İĵط׼˵
΢΢һЦѣѾСͽ˵ˣҪʲôҩ
ƺ֪ûлشҲûзϣϾһ޵ߣЩһݡ˵ˣûҪƽЩ
ڵҩѾ˲٣㹻ҩģȥԺƵĵҩҲ㹻ͻڵΪڵĵҩȴһûУҩ¥ǳŽڵҩһҩ
һڣú;Ȳѣʣûнڵĵҩ
߽Ϊҩ࣬Ϊľǡͽ𵤡ֵҩҪòѣÿ޵жСʶĽ޵ֻһˣȥȡҩضöԷɡ
΢΢һ㶺󣬱ȻˣѣﲻĶͽҩкĽԪֻҪܳ˼۸ҿΪѸһҩ
΢΢һЦȴźĻش
Σֵ뾪ˣȻԪҩС
ѹסĵļƽʣҩʲôʽۣ


069 
޵УƷһΪ֣һʯһﻻ
ﻻߵƷ۸ܽף̫ʣĲҲʯ䡣
ϵʯȻв٣Ϊ򵽽Ԫҩǵʣﻻ𣿡
΢΢һЦѣĽгȻﻻֻҪóͬȼֵĶԪ䷽ȻС
ϵĴһƷ˳漴ݸ룬ѣǽԪҩȿ
ӹ䷽ʶ뵽пǰһЩҩݵ÷ͷҪҩһ쳣мҪǧҩΪģΪ԰õҩģȫǧ֮ϡ
˳ڵҩĿȥȴּ쳣ģоһ΢һʶʶǿ󣬺״
ȴûôΪ֪Ǻ͵ʶΪеݡϾϣΪ޵߼йĿı죬ǿмҩڵݣƶ˵ûмֵˡ
ʶƵݸͣǰȷʵԪҩ
ҩ켶ҩ⣬ӵҩˣ临ӳ̶Ҫȹ㣬ҩ˽ⲻƳԪ
ЦŽӹҩѣ֪ʯ򣬻ﻻ
ﻻ
뼸û룬˵һЩҩĺһЩҩ֪Ƿչ
΢΢üͷɻ֮ɫһɨҩģ
ΪԷһ޵ߣΪҩϾﻻҩģһ㶼ǰҩԣϵҩ̫ѻˣɲΪó
ǣһ仰ȴúŴ͡
Цŵҩģǧϵҩԡ
һŵĿ룬벢Цӣ˵ǧҩݣ
΢΢һЦͷеõһֻ꣬һǧݡ
򿪴óһɫľϻľϻ򿪣ʱԣ䣬˾һ
ľϻڣһƵҩģҩȫɢŵɫĹΣһɹŨϢҩɢҩݵĸһȦȦɫ·ĵÿһһɫһ֡
ͨҩĵ˶֪ݳԣĵطͨӲûʲô𣬵ȴһҩĳࡣѿһöҶӴԼҪһʱ䣬֮ȫתɫ֮ÿ꣬һ·
óݣĵ·Ҳ˵һݣһǧҩԡ
һǧ꣬޵Уҩ޲ΪѰ˵쳣ݣһҩҲΪѻáϾ޵ߵԪޣʹЩڵ޵ߣֻһǧԪ;˾ѪԪҪ١
ʹнӹݣ˫ֶƵҩȻʮˣǧҩҲ˲٣ҩĻǵһμӵҩģƳһö켶ĵҩ
˽ŵӣ벢ûдŶԷƾԷ۲ҩԡ֪ǧݣȡҩһѾʮþˡͬʱﻹһ⣬ܲһݣӶԷжһЩҩ
Ϳĺϸʶɨһ𲽹۲ݵҩԣľϻĵͷѣݱҪˣѳһ۸ɣֻҪҪʨӴ󿪿ڣ궼
벢ûнӹ͵ľϻ뷨˵˳ǧҩĵļ۸񣬴ﶼ
˶٣Էɫû̫仯ȱҩܸһЩҩԸóһݽ
˵ʱѾּ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽Ҫ˼򵥣һµѣҩҿṩһЩҪӦһ죬޷
ȴ쳣϶ûа㷴ء
Ѿ뵽ԷʲôˣǲҪòЩҩñ֪
ͼһ˵УͷЩҩʮЩ޵Ѿʧϣһ¡
Щҩȥҵҩ¥ĵҩҲ޷öˡ
Σֵ뾪ˣԷȻó޵ʧҩһԷҩ¥ӵҩҲ֣ҿԴӦ㡣
˵ţվָԵΪģõҩ⴫ߵֻء
ϣǷ˻޵߶ţԣ޵Ǻˡ
ΪˣԶ˵ʲô
Ը񣬴Ӧ£ֻҪû̫ϵһ㶼
ĵͷӴóƣݸ룬ЩǾҩѿԿ
ʶ뵽ڣ˿ʶѾ˿һ飬ȷû󣬵ݹˡ
˵꣬ѼУ׼뿪Ҫ𣬺ȴһվ
ѣɣ
ݣãЦŶ
Է˿Ҳþܾˣ͵ˡ
ʹ򿪽磬͵¥£·ϣһЩȵܣԷ֪Ϊʲôֻᣬת˻⡣
֪Է˼ɣûʴ¡
֮ʱͻȻѣϣԺǧϵҩģ꣬Ѿһļ۸񡣡
˵һ£ֽ˵Ȼҩһ󣬱껹һЩƳɵĵҩ
΢΢һЦҲһһ
ô˵ȴô룬һӶˣϾǧҩʵ̫ˣóһԷΪõó꣬Էһỳɣɱ˶ó
뿪г벢ûкǮҸۡڣһΪƽСɽΧһ󷨺󣬱ȥ֮СûƽԪҲûƴӺõĵҩץʱƳһ¯յ
һ¯յҪʱ䲢԰ô൤ҩƵˮƽѴﵽʦˡ˵䲻Ļ޵УЩϲ޵߶ˮƽ߳١
Щ޵ȻıȽ϶࣬õҲȽ϶࣬ȴûʵϾûһ޵ҩĻӻһһ¡ʹЩɣҲûôҩƾ˷ѡ
һʱĺܿ죬Ƴһ¯յԺ󣬿һ۱У뾡ϻȥ
֮ϣһӰ֮⡣
ɴ˿ɼѾѶʩչ˼ޣ֮ǰصۡڡ
սȥǮҸۡ㿴ɫżڷſǻæӿ˽Ųߵ󣬲ʵô
ͻȻ֣ŵòᣬӰԱһȴûǰװŵ˵ˣôûģǵĿ룬ƽ˵һ䣬⼸ȥˣôڲŻ


070 ͻ
뿴ɫ쳣æʵô
ûлشĻתƻ룬ȥˣ
룬ɻ֮ɫһ
ɻ֮ɫȻֻһǱ뷢ˣûʵ⼸Ҹоͻƿļڸۡʵ޷ȻҾͳȥɢˣ첻ſʼ𣿡
ȻЩţȴûм׷ȥ֪벻˵ĻôʶԷҲθģǵǶ죬ʦϾ͵ˣ֪ͨȥҶһˣ㵽ãڲ
˵¶һ˿Թ֮ɫ
ЦЦסεգ߰ɣھȥλʦ֡
Ƭ̺ǼһΣǮ겻֪ʲôԭȴû
ڣһߣԼʮ꣬һͷ磬ɫȻĿһԵܡ
ңĶӣִ
˽˵ͷ֮󣬵ȻλѾˣҰڵļƻ˵һ°ɣ
ȴ
ʦЩ£ʱˡ
˵һۣ˵һ磬Ǿȥȣشȥʱ򻹻һЩ޵һͬǰϣλ·ϲҪЩ޵߷ͻ
һЦʲô޵ߣˡ
û˵ʦܣʦãʲôҪ˵𣿡
ͬʱһʦְš
ͷȻˣλȥϢɣ
˵ʶɨʦܣһϢЩһȥ˲ٵطɣϰ񡣡
վֵʦ֣ĺˣһָ״̬
뿪ңڻȥ·ϣ˶û˵ƺʲô
ߵԺǰʱͣ壬룬룬ľ𣿡
Ȼָ֪ʲôȻȻ˵ţǲıԼ뷨ġ
̾ϢһΣôǵãǻѡ
Ӱһ㻯Ϊһ򷿼ڶȥ
ôľ룬ҪʹöôЩӱܵ˼
ȥķʱذһķһΪˣȻĳȴû˵ǹϵŵ£Ҳпܹ죬ֻֻңһӡ
Լûйϵˡ
⽥ʧȡ֮ǵȻƺϵһжϡ
Ȼ¶ɫȴףһ
ҪȥˣһȥνǾһ֪ºܻų
˿̣ﲻһʡ

ʼһ˵ˣҲһԭ˰ڲˡûʲôɽؼǸŬ಻ࡣ㹻ʱ䣬Ϊߵ˵һľ硣
ɣһĴڣ
Ժиֳǰӣɷ磬̤ƣܻ֮һС
ţЦˣ̫ңԶңԶķ·ңɼһյǣ㿴üȴšȻ룬ͬٵľôҪһȥ۷ʲôԭҲ
뵽ȭͷ૵ţһ˵ֻҪˡ
벢ˣڻŲûһ˿ĹкθС
ᵱǻŵĵӣΪһЩ鶼ȻȻ뿪ţһˣһ˿ھκͲס
ҹˣ¹͸ڷڣһɫ˪
̤¹⣬ߵǰӴóƳյö¡
յһ¯ֻƳʮöҩƵıȽϴæٵҩٶȣȻһ¯ҩֻɹһ롣Ѿˣԭĵҩ⻹١
ʵѾˣ˵ӵ˺ܴæûʦҩ飬ӿ¶ȼߵ𣬸Ʋһ¯ҩ˵䲻ĻʹƳˣҲѳһö
յ¶ǣڶʱȵĸоҩڵӴ鲼ȫľ֮Уѭʶγһһ죬ѹڵ֮Уγ
յҩԼǿȹࡣˣֳͬʱתһҹ޷ģʹˣڻһûȫգѪҺѭš
峿ųһɫʣⶫճأɢŹζһ£оЩʣæۡڳϴһ壬һɾ·
ɾ·ʱоˬȫ쳣ϵƣҲһɨգﵽ״̬ʶһɨִ˿̵ΪѾﵽպڣǰŨ࣬Һ˽ɫ۵ļ
֪Ǵﵽպڵļ󣬵ͻڵƿڱγһ𵤡ڵڿν޵һ޴ķˮ룬ɽԺΪһǧͻͽ᲻ɽ𵤣һͣڶľ硣
ˣﵽѾʮˣȴһֱûͻơĲŬǶȻ򲻹ȻյҩĻԽҩڵҩͻƣٵڡ
ٵںͽڵΪ࣬ȴ֮𣬱Ͼ򣬶ǿҩͻƣ޵ߵ޷ʩչıǬ޵߿ʩչٵȴ޷
ջص䣬ˣ밵ʩչϢ˵ΪȻѾﵽպڵΪ˴˸кʰ𷿼ڵĶ뿪ˡ
֪һ뿪Ⱳӿܶ޷ٻˣʧܻǳɹûлصĿܡ
ʧܣһʹҳɹҲΪֻһӡڲ֪½УĻǵȦסѾ֪еǰȻɵӶԷĺ
һֱ벻ףԳħ壬ΰǴȡ
һ·ϣǰУ벢С
ϵ£ԳĬ࣬һֱͷԹԵķš
뼸ǰȰ˵䣬˫նִеͷ
յ˻룬Լ˼ˣܴű뿪
ڵΪȫѣȥ񣬵ǱʶΪһҪȥ˴µİƭ϶Ϊ˷ô򵥣ʲôɸ˵ܡ
ĺȸȥڿ޷ֵʩչ뿪Ҳ١ϾθȥˣΪߵҲ˵ΪҪסԼܡ
֮ϣƾɽȥ


071 
ɽȻŨ̶ȣɽֻ߲١
ôһƬ޴ɽֻһ޵ɡ
ɽһɽУûбоһɹŨɽƮϣʱˬĶǿһ˿Ź֡
ȻŨȴһ˿ɱ֮⣬˿ʶȫʩչܷϸ΢һ㡣ɱϢӴмоɨɫб㷢֣˶ûиоϢ
ɫдż־ȣּû뵽Ȼһطɣ
ɫȴЩţ֮ǰȵѾָơ
ûӣһЦѹ쵽ڶóĬԣѾ֪Ҫʲôˡ֪ǳħȴһɽȣûһ˿⡣
Ȼף湦Ҫߵǰʦ֣βǳħΪʲôѵħ֮˻
üͷһΪӡ
΢΢һЦ͵ʦܣûаѸı¸𣿡
תȥ
Ҳ߿ɫЩʦ֣ңҰ¸ˡ
ͷȥ
ڰ֣Ϊȵ˵û£ʦòûʲôϵһ˵ڸʦܶûʲôϵ
˵һ£ȵڴ˵ʦܣʵγħֻһڣȥɽһ

¶ɻɫҲµĲԣӦɽʲô
һЦ˵ʦһȥؾڿ鼮벻½˽͸
ͷʾҲһ󣬲żȣʦʩչһʶʦܺʦǰȥȡ
Ϊʲôȥôǿߣƺòǰɣ
밵ľǰȻǺֶΣ˵Ļ٣˲ɣ˵ĳǸʮ˵ⷬʱɫΪ棬Ҫʦ
ʻ˵ڸǶ࣬ЩŹ֣ϵ޵޷ȥȻһǰᣬǾǽȥɽ󣬱ӵʦ㣬ǡӵо
ͷûзϾӵܽҲ֪һɨֽʵʦûΪҲһͬ룿Уʦ㲻ҲǺһͬ𣿡
ɫδ䣬ʱʲôһһ𣬡Ȼ޷ȵʦúȴܽ룬ΪɽһҪ󣬱һ޵ߺһŮӲС
ͻȻͺ̸ֿ֮ɫӣԼһЩᵱʱȥɽȵʱͬһȥŮˣѵҲˣɽ
ʦܣĺˣǲ¡
ɫЩ仯æ˵ϵشʦʱ˵ˣλ˳õڵķ飬ȥ֮ÿ˿Իʮö쵤
쵤
ﵹһźôֱʡ
쵤ν޵ΪõĵҩˣҩԱյϼΣҲ˵öյûһö쵤Чáʮö쵤ǰ׳ҲܴͻƵڡ
ˣ˵쵤Ƶʱ򣬱ϵ޵߲ɡƵĹУҪǧϵҩΪҪʶ뵽ҩУһЩУʮԺܳ¯
Ȼˣȵҩ̶Ȼ켶ĵҩҲ٣Ͼ쵤Ժ󣬶вһЩͻơֻҪʲ̫һ㶼һأӶӼٵڱһĽ޵ߡ
Ҳ˸żɫɫһţ漴ȥ
ûлش￩һ£СӶǿջȻ治ɫȻʦ˵ĳǸôţȴ˵ʦܣҶʼĽˣ˷ܵˡ
һʦ֣ٺõĶҲҪòУҿɲΪô򵥡
һΪʲôأԭǵȥ޻أ׽ٴȰ˵ʦܣ˵ȻΣգЩҲ˲ٵӽȥֻ̽Ҫ㰴ǵķȥӦò⡣
תʦ֣ڶôģѵõԺ𣿡
΢΢һЦƺ£ϵɫƽʦܣȻãҲмıУǼֻнϵ޵߲ſʹãʦԺҲ޷ԭʦǸˣӦòľɣ
ȻˣһΪõ
ɫһ䣬ӿе³֡
š
У˿ߣ˵Ϊڽڡ
붼ʶмɫۣǻ֮ң
ߣһɫۣȴʦס
ұ޵ߣɫۣüͷɫƺ˼ʲô
޵ߣ벢ʶǰ̽ûɱʱ򣬴Ϊңı߹˵Ϊ׺ңҪ߳࣬ѾﵽڵĶ壬ʱͻԭľ磬ﵽԪӤڡ
ңʦܡǿ
ǿڶʹڵĵӣҲûж˼
ʦܣεҪȥһˣ
ңһǿֻ˵ҿʦȥȽϺá
ǿ̧֣ҡͷУܾЩŹ֣һȥһ˱ȽϺãһõ뿪ǲǰæ𣿡
ɫдһ˿ɻ󣬵ʦ֣ҲףΪһö飬ֵ˴𣿡
ң΢΢һЦʦܣһֱҺʦڰ죬Ȼ֪ϸ
ͻȻ׵ϣ˵֪ҲӦ֪Էϵ𵽵ж󡣡
üͷһ壬֪ңΪ˵⻰ǻشһЩҵ޺͸ޱϾǷϵĵһֱûеϵİءҲ˵ϾǸɵδʲôã
ңûлش׵ɻ󣬻վŴĻĵ񣬲˵λʦܣЩһֱʹԣȻûһ˿仯Ԫȴһ١
˵ң̾ϢһΣһ㣬޵·ٽһϣܹ֮꣬췽½ϡ
̧ͷŻ֮⣬һ޼ʵĲ񷡣


072 
ڣһʱ䰲˶û˵
ǿƺ˽ңƬ̺վߵңߣʦܣҲµĲСӻҲˣ
ң˵ͷشóڵķ飬Ϊһһ˼𣿡
˶٣˵Ȼݺףҿɲϣһ˳ڣϻһ˿а
ǿ˼Ƭ̣ʦ֣Ȼõ飬ô˭𣿡
ң̾ϢһЩε˵㲻ڵΪ޷׼ȷ
һתȻȥȣһж֮УֻҪʦȥɽȺ򣬱ضܴеõ飬ı£Ҳ޷ŷ鰲ȫȥ
ǿתףʦܣʱ㲻Ҫչˣõ飬ͻ㡣ʱҪܴ󡣡
ܣû˵
һᣬǿ뿪˻š
⣬˿̵ʮ޵ǰ
໥һ£ת⣬ȻȻʦѾˣһɣ
Ȼͬһʦµĵӣ˵Ĺϵƺãûƺʦ֡
ûԺλǵøʦֵһСģ֮أλСġ
˵ţͷȿȥ
Ტûмڸȥͣһᣬ΢΢һЦȥ
֪ԷûпݣȴһЦǺκ塣
ʮ޵ɫȻûκα飬ȥ
뵭ȻһЦҪȥߵͻȻסתʲô𣿡
ǰ˼֣ƺںһ̫Ϥ˵
ɫһͶ˼£ȴһֶû˵ӿƮؼ֣ȥԺǵСġ
˵ͷûлش𣬽Ų̧𣬾ֱߵ˵
ῴ˶˹ȵ´Ҳˣ󷨹죬Զ޵߽ɱĵط·ǧȴֻһ·ԽУϣλҪж
˵һЩӦע飬ŴӴóһǰ
ⷨһѳӣͨɫԼһɣָдС֡ߡ
ó֮ʾҲóȥ
óһСƴСʮ㣬ȻҲһ׷
ʮ˲ûó񵱳һһɫȫз
ʹ˹ȻǮóȰ׿ˮһһҲں̶ȡ
Ͼۺܸߣһ޵߼ʹӵзͷʹá
óһѳɢɫĹΣϡԿžС
⣬˶һ㶣Ȼʮ󶥽׷һľ
óķ˳Ƭ̺󣬻Щơ
óķ̫ˣ̫ˣȻѻŵķɽ˻巨
Щ޵΢΢һ㶣ȻˡϾ޵Уڼ⣬õķһʱ䣬⣬ڣ뵱ˡˡ
ȣظоһǿҵĿ紵ڷҡҡλΣƺʱڵϡڵ޵߻һЩֻζһ£ˡЩڵ޵߿ûʹȫɫɱò԰ס
һ𡣡
ֱǰһӣȻƯǰֻɢһ͵γһ͸Ļ֣˻УΧķǹתƷһԡ
뿴߻֣ȴȵķ֣ⷨϵĻֺͻ֮ͬȻֵͬܵɻɽڵķ磬翴ƽȴǿĹһµ޵Ȼܽȥȴ粽С
ʱ͵ķ磬Ϊ磬˵ʱ֮ʱȫľѪΪۣóһӴ󷨡תκʯ壬ֻҪһ˿ѪɣЩȥˣȻѪûꡣ
ʵֻҪ󷨣Χܽ
ͷɽΪҪƳɽȻʵһɽȲѣؼɽڻһҪƳ˼޵ߵ޷
һ·ϣ˵ȵܣԺ󣬶Ҳһŵ˽⡣
ȣȻ֮ǰγˡʱ򣬾˵һֻԾ˼ԺΪ֮ɱ˲޵ߡ˼޵ѾΧطʩչǿɱꡣ
һս˼޵ߺ;սҹÿһ춼аϵ޵ȥʱʩչ󣬸ľ޵һᡣԺÿ궼޵Ѱʱ䣬ѾչһգѾӡ
ȻЩ޵ռȴôһ˵ҽȥȵҲڵĵط˵ǧǰһϺڵ޵ߣΪΪһ޵ˣ֪ʲôѽ޵߲ܽľޣǿнȥڿ˾
޵ȷʵƾӴʶͻ̽˽һµʱ䣬ʵûκջ񣬱Ҫ֮ؿܻܲʲôսȥУȥˣԪӤûл塣
ԺѾһأû޵ԸϾֺõ飬˭ҲԸȥȴһ⣬ӽ֮󣬻˽ȥȣҪùڵϸ󻹷һܣӵ޵߿ԽȥС
Щ飬һ·϶϶˵Ĵ˵ȴȫĻһǾΪҪɱ˼޵ߣѵһԭΪ޵ԺҲû޵߸ΪλȴðΣأ
һ⣬ԺлصţиһӦһЩɸ˵ܡ˵ûҪĶõǼԺ󣬻ſԵõ޴档
ɲţôһ۾Ϊһö顣
ûһֲɳʯ죬洦ܿ޵ߵʬǣЩʬԱߣ˵һöʯҲҲǷɳĵطܼȷǳͣӵ󣬼ʹͷʶΧ̽飬Ҳ޷ӦʮĶ
ԽɽȥɳԽң˰һ·ߵɽмʱ򣬷дѾɳӺͻһȭͷСʱЩʯͷڻϣϵĹâۿɼٶš
ᲢţӴóһҩƿ浹һöɫĵҩ̷¡
һöºἸûκԥַһö
һƿҩȫ£ϵѾָ
뿴ҩȲѣⵤҩǾ鵤
鵤ʮָӣҪǧΪҩʮֿԻָҩݲƶɡȻףҩЧΪԣ޵йϵĳ˾鵤⣬ָõĵҩˡ
ĵҩԶһüͷһ¡
ﲻ̾ϢһǮãҩܵһԡ


073 ɽ
ǰɳʯӭ洵ڻϣ졣
ƺΧһ˾ռߣɫȻţɳʯƻ֡
һȺһ죬ĺ֮ʱָĲԶһ򣬳ǰһɽﲻзɳϮλ߿һ㣬ţһܵɽ
Ȼû飬󣬻ǰš
Լһʱ˱˵ǸɽУɽֻɶʮˣЩڶڣ΢΢ЩӵɽڵǽϣϡԿ򶷵ĺۼۼģٲȻв¡
ɽ֮⣬ХĿ嶴ڴȴ޷ɽ֮ڡ
벢ûһɽڣߵɽڣ⿴ȥ
粻֪ͣЪĴͣʶɢŷ
磬ΣɫӰȥ١
˫ۣϢˣ֪УǰһҪ߳⡣
ʱʦܣɡ
Щǣ߳⡣
ʱĸתȥ΢΢һЦʦֻ֣뿴ʲôŹ֡
վߵߣɽ֮⣬ʦܣ粻Ź֣ɱΣѵİԷɹַ磬ߵһʱʹɳʯˣҲᱻɱ
֮ԺͻȻֳɱʱΣԼȷʵһЩơ
û˼ȥ˵ʦܣûзķǲҪ̤ɽһ
˵ƺʲôɫ΢΢һ˵˵ÿҹٻӱһƵĹһЩȥɽڵ
ٵҹӱѾоˡȥɽ֮ǰưԳࡣɽѾܽ˵ҪӴóӳˣ޷ȥ
ͷΧǽڣΪλֶĺۼ
ҲһãȻӣҲҲǵһ
벻߳ɽصղŵĵطȶ
һ·ϣ⣬˼ûȶǻָڵ״̬ᷢʲô⣬˶Ǻ߶޵ߣҲǵһ
ɽŨһᣬﵽ״̬ȥԺͻȻһ΢̫ˣ㣬ô꣬û뵽Ļ
Ȼ΢м쳣
Ȼ˫ۣ˶ȶûʲô쳣üͷ
ô£ѵղŵֻһ˿
밵˼ţٴα۾
Ǹȴûٳ֣һֱȵûеȵ
峿ɽڣµһֿʼˡ
óߣʩչ֣ɽȥ
ɽڵ·ߣ˵ᳵ·ˣҲ֪ٴˡ
Χɳʯﲻ룺žʲôѵŲɸ˵ܣѵǰĴս޵˵ÿطܾЩŹ֣עҡ
ָоϣҲĸоʶҪ˸࣬ȻΧʶĿ£ȻĴ֣߮ڻ֮ķɳУʱоһӴҪʶС
ʶæջأ뵹һÿ£ķȻнɱʶʲô磬Ȼ˹޵в˵ϵֻΪʲôķ粻Թ˵壬Խɱʶ
밵˼ʱǰͻȻ˵СģǰķܼХ͸ڽ뻤֮ڣأӰ죬ʶᱻɱ˲ܻɢϣҽʶҪ÷̨
æʶһɫ
Ȼû߶ãȻһһ
̨÷Ӱ쵽ʶԽǰߣԽԽֵЩΧϣɫ޲԰ֽڵ޵߻һЩЩڵ޵Ѿ΢Ĳ
ɴ˿ɼǶô塣
һֱά˰ʱҲֲȥʱͻȻֹͣ
⣬Ѿû˿磬һôİ洦ɼɳʯصĹǼܣΪѾ߳ȡϾʵ̫ˣ˵ĺҲ
ڣһǰɽȵˣֻƬûп硣˵ĵطʱǰΪ˲޵߹Ϸ壬ѡԱѪ⡣
ԱѪ⣬еǰȫѪΪۣʩչǿ
ϵӣӴСһеһףеʮסʵܿɭɭ׹ǣЩûһеĹǼԱɫĺۼеĹǼǱʲôҧ飬Ͽڴβ롣
ǰһĻжϳʱĳǶôĲңЩǼǧ˵ʬ塣
ﻹսһ֣ϿЩ򣬿ڵûһҲаǧ˵طҪ۶ԹоһɭϢӭ洵˲
ߵǰ䲻ȵѾҵˣǼԸ˰ɣ
ͷӴóһɫңݸ治ףҪʲô
ϵֻϷˮԧ죬ԧ̵Ĳ棬˵ͨͨȻһͬѼûʲô
ûȻһŮĶ
ûĻŽңؿţͻȻ۾һᡣ
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴ
˫ۣƾջ£ڵϵɳС̧Žҵ֣ذѾҷߣһ¡
ʱû֪ʲôʮ޵Ҳһɻ
Ƭ֮ͻȻЦˣЦôĲֻ૵˵ĲˣΪʲôҪ뿪ң
һɽľþõػصšƲʣΣһЩãȻͲ֪롣
üͷеĽϣĿԧϣдС֡
ᣬ顣
С֣˵һС
ӦʮǰǸŮ͸Ķֻǲ֪ʲôԭ˻ŵõҺһһѿ⾫ֻǲ֪ܡ
ܣȷǲѾˡ
˿ǸĲˣҲ¶
ôһˣȻΪ֤İǷѾˣʮꡣ
ǰȰ˵һ£ҽŸո̧ȴͻȻңûˣһжȥˡ
ɫȻ򶨣Ǵ˫ԼԿһ˿ţǲ飬ƺһжȻӡ
һߵǰʦܣ㡭
˵ɽϣͻȻһ죬֮УҵƺʲôҪӵ


074 
ԽԽʮڵ޵ѾڵأЩߵڡ
޵ס壬Ҫ࣬ȻûеڵأҲɫ԰ס
һֱάְʱŽɻ֮ʱԶɽͻȻһҰ
޲¶֮ɫеĲǴ˵Ѿɱ
Ϊʱ򻹻
ѵûĻǻڡ
üͷŲԶɽɽʯ⣬ʲôҲ
ڴϢţƺ뵽ʲôɫ쳣ţߵǰʦܣʦÿȥڿʲô
˵ţָ̧֣Զɽڡ
ǴɽڣǸղŷĵط
ʶɢǴɽϣʱоһӴ
ֵǣУȻоһϤϢ
ȷϢûҲаƺ֮䡣
ھȥ𣿡
뿴
ͷ϶˵ھȥղŵ𵴣»⣬ȥΪá
һ£ʵ˽ȥأ
һɨ֪˾Բȥ
̯˫֣Ҳû취Ҳֻ֪ܽȥǽȥɡ
벻׷ȥϣ߰ɣ
תֱķȥ
ûиȥǿʦ֣Ҫ¡
˵ƺ뵽ʲô΢΢һ졣
ûлش𣬵ȵԶ֮󣬲ŴʲôֻҪ£һĺôǼ˭ģʦ߻ѹȥ
˶٣ֽ˵ҸĶ㶼ʹ˰ɣ
Ŷͷˡ
һصĵ񣬵ȥɣĺˣ㲻µġ
̾Ϣһתʩչ׷ȥ
˿̣Ѿɽǰô
֪νķһ֪
ͷֱߣ˵ǡǸ
˫ֽŵŪ½ǣȴ֪˵еĻ
΢΢һЦȴû˵Ϊ֪ԽȥԽ˵Ȼ
Ƭ֮ƽһЩŹ룬ǽȥɣ
ҧ´һҧʯǰȥ
벢ûжҲû֣ʵǰʯڣôȥ
ǳǳһЦ͵ôһָĵǰ沢ʯڡ
£ٵ̧֣ǰһ졣
˫֣ʯڵһ˲䣬ʯϷһˮƵĲ㾶ֱ룬ֻаֱ档
뵹һǿĵҾȻ۷
ţ˵߰ɣ
һûʯУʯڻԭģûһ˿仯
⣬һΪм˵ֶƭǽ벻ѵøõİ취𣿡
΢΢һЦû۶˼ƽҾ취
֮ɫһң㲻֪ŮȥԺ϶СӼʹųΪܻáȥһΣеΣղܹġ
ǰӣȻܻҪ޵֮˱α޵
˵˼֣ȻĻĵĲмЩӡ
ûзɫ쳣ƽƺΪһ𣿡
һЦûлش
ڣǣ֣˶Щš
Ͼǵһǰᷢʲô£û֪
ΧǺɽڣɽϵŸӵ·Ǽߵ󷨡
Щ·ϱܿʮֹϣȻϹ޵߲ܲá
˽Ⲣ࣬ףܲó󷨣ڶʱ𵽾Եá
ǿɣ
ͣ½ŲͣϸĿϵ·
˴Լһյʱ䣬ûЩ·ʲô壬̾Ϣһ߰ɣ
һĶ·Ҳ֪Ӧһʵ룬·
ʱǣ֣Ϊһκһкǣ֣ƻһ㡣
ʶɢҪ̽һΧʶһ֣оһӴѹæʶһ󾪺ʲô󷨣Ȼãѵûʶѹ
û壬ֻлǣܴô꣬Ϊ
뵽ľ羪ξһ㣬Կ϶˼ΪʹʧȥҲ޷ʶôʱ䡣ѵ紫˵˵ǴǰҪʲô
һ뷨ԺУŪˡ
뿴һұߵߵġ
Ϊβмأ
ԵʵҸом״ﵽҪȥĵط
Ҫȥʲôط
ɫһʵ
뿴ɫĿһߣҲֻ֪ʦ˵һ֮أһ޴ɽɽڴŷ飬ֻҪõһö飬ˡ
ЦһǷ鲢ôõİɣ
Ļ΢΢һҧ촽û˵
뿴һмɽҪм
ҡҡͷеģǱǣ֣Ƕ
Ŷ
ЦʵΪʲô
Ȼ˽һЩϹ޵߲õ󷨣ڽͣԵѪΪԣŮԵΪԣȻǾûŮǣ£ȻΪٸҲ޷߶Զ
𣿡
һ˲ɿ֡
ɲǼ䣬оղŸӦǹѹ֮ϣҪ強ѹƬ
ϾߣѹȻǿ󣬵ǿԳܡ
ȻͷŶľУǹѹܵʱ˼֡
ΪԿеѹʱԭǿѹʱǿļ֡
ž
Ӵѹ£µʯͷ汻زĽӡ
ţ˫һ䣬Щڵء
޷ѹʱϣѹʱɢӰ١
ɫЩ԰ףûܵѹ¶ɻ֮ɫ룬ҲµĲΪҸ߳٣ڡ
ţ
һȴûлش
̾ϢһҺ֪ϻжܡ


075 ռѹ
ٴγĬûлشʻ
ƺ֪ˣڣΪһ󷨻ͬʱˣһΪһ˸߳٣ôȹΪߵˡȳȣΪԽߣܵĿռѹԽǿ
ղţӦʼĿռѹûж̫Ӱ죬⣬Ϊռѹṩʹÿռѹ˲
˵뿴ȥɫһһˡ
һЦ˵߰ɣ
̾Ϣһ֪벻Ϊ£ǰȥ
˲ûдм·ȥѡұߵ·
սɽУоһɭĺ紵ΪҲһ
һ·ﾪȲѣɽڹʮ㣬ȴѰߵԴ
˴ԼʱǰĹȻ˼֣һټʯС
ʯмλãڷһʯʯΪɫԽףаף澹Ȼûдһ֡
Ŀ棬ͣʯϣȻʯƽܸоʯЩŹ֡
עʯüͷ߰ɣⲻҪȥĵط
ҡҡͷǻȥɣ
Ȼǧ𣬵ǴӦˣðɣ
ʯΧôʲô쳣ﻹΪʯǷ
̧ķʯϣûиоκأΪצһӴͷŶʯ֣ۿɼٶȿСţƬ̱㻯ΪƴС֮µĿС
׹һʱСɵʯУһ뵽ʯϣȴʯ϶С֡籮
ʶӦһ£ûзʲô쳣Ʋѡ
ʯͨΪȴô𺳵֣
ʶʯ𣿡
ʯǰʵ
һۣãȻҡҡͷûУҴû˵޵һʯ
һʯĿ£ɽ˴С
˱뿪ʯ·ߵǸ·ڡ
һΣûѡм·Ǵߵ
ٴνɽڣܵĲղɭϢһůĸо·յϡ
ɽƬ̣ٴһʯڡ
ﲢûʯȴ·˲òһѡ
һʱ䣬Թĵط߶ţȴû֮ء
ڿʼǸҵһɫʯ⣬Ҳûκջ
Լά죬ϣһʯͣ
ͻȻԺгһȻ΢ȴ쳣ˣܾˡ
ֻ֪һ˿
ߵ·ߣȻߵһʯڣѡұߵһɽ
ѸղĻĬһ飬ȷûмǴԺ󣬶ߣ֪ˡ
¶֮ɫɻ֪
ûлشĻǿ϶ĵͷ
Ȼţ·ÿһ¸ıһΣû֪۾ô֪
΢΢һЦԱߵʯȥȻ֪֪ģʡ
ɫһ룬룬ǲǷڵܡ
˿̣ǰࡣ
Ҳɣ
벻ÿɷ˵һ䡣
նԷṩ·ߣһʱһ޴ʯǰ
ʯǰ࣬ǽǶʯкɫģɫģɫģνʮɫֵǣЩʯȻɢҫ۵Ĺâȴоκƺǿһ
òˣʯڵǿˣȴһ˿ԣûʧ
ǸٴλصԺУ˼⣬һЩ˷ܡ
ҪǣѾͷˣɿɣ𲻵κá
뽫Žɵɿ֣ȻԷ˵оռѹĴڡ
ǿռѹȻɱңΪŪȥ
һˣҵˡ
СӣֻҪ㰴˵ȥõǿĵ
ľߣ˵ļһѵǰӡľ
֣æ˵룬ʲô
ûĻǰȥΧһܺ󣬵ǰ𣿡
˿̣ٴԺУֻ˵ҵȻڣֻ㿴ҡ
˵Է£㲻޵֮÷µĵ棬ȻҾͻǰ
üͷһ壬öԷĻʵΪƾһܹ֮ƿµĵ档
Էƺ뷨ǰû󷨣÷Ƴ
ͷϵĴһУⷨն굶
óն굶ɫʱһ䣬ʧն굶ⷨôϡ
ûлͷϣ﷢һУ㵱ôз˵ȥôӦñ
˵Ա࣬һ˿вζ
һ岻룬㵽ʲô
һЦûʱ֪ͣˡ
ĻҲδȫţȻԷָоԷһϤĸоغЩԨԴʲôԭҪѶԷȳ
ΪСڼ䣬ȫ뵽ն굶ڣն굶ɢڵĹâյ˫ȻŵȻȥһڵĵâն굶ûֱӳֱǰĵϣӲɽʯںâºѿ
ɽʯ䣬ɢһӣӭɽʯһԣ졣
ϣһƴСףϡԿ
Ҫǰһ̽鶴ھʲôʱһɫŷ˳
ɢ΢⣬һǰƺӦʲôһߡ
ԪӤ
͸ŵ⣬ϡԿһƴСľ
ӣͬǰһޣֻǶͷһıǡ
õʲô
Ŀ룬ɻʵ
ô𣿡
뿴һеն굶Ц˵ҰȳˣҲ֪᲻ҳ֣ұıǮ
ֻҪն굶ڣŶԷ֣ն굶ר꣬ԷΪڸߣûҲδܵն굶ȫһ
Цһ߰˵СӣҲ֣Ϊ֪ʶ㲻ҵҲϤĸо
һ£˵һƲѵĻҿΪУô취ģ
뱻仰ʵЩð˵˭Ǵģ
˵˵ǰԽأ
΢΢һ㶣ĲǴģ
ЦһƵƾʲôô϶Ǵˣ
һ£ȴûȻβԴĴһ£ôˣöҶǵˡ֪缸⣬ûһ˿֮ɢѵ
ѵʲô
ͻȻ̲ͣסһ䡣
Ĭˣò˵һΪƵĻģ벻ˡ

ʱ֪ǰһɱԷĳ嶯


076 
һһĿĵţŰһԵŪĿɿڴ֪һЩôˡ
˵ղŷһУѾʶΧ
ǰֻлǵСȻǧԶ޵ѹһ
ûУĳǰ
˴ʯ״̬֪ٴ˵ѹ
ƺηеն굶ԶԶƯڿУ˵ܲܰǸ
ͷԣ
һת˵Ժ㲻ҳ֡
һмôΰС𣿡
΢΢һЦҺС𣿡
ʶĵͷ㵱ȻСΰ۷ǰ˼е޵߶С
еն굶һɨ΢΢һЦľҺС
Ҳ۸ոջشȴն굶ͷųһÿֲϢæĿ˵ðɣǿΪ㲻С
оն굶ϵϢûмӵƣò˵ΰ۷Ϊ㲻СˣǸƶ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷûն굶УȷûвʱŻջն굶
֮󣬶ʱףŭʲôΰ۷˵ˣ㲻飬ô˵ŲţֻҪһָǸŮ˾ͻҷ𡣡
뵽˿ηۣҪҶ֣Ҳ˵Ļΰ۷һҷ𰡣
㡭
ɫеۣʱβŭ룬һһٵСӣ㲻Ҫ̫֣ԴһͷΰķһǴ
Ǵ𣿡
벻ΪȻ˵Ҳ
һ㶣ʶʵʲô
һתն굶˲ֶɵ۵ǰ
ۿն굶ŵòη֮˵㣬ʲô
һЦڿɱ㡣
⻰ںˣһ˿ı䣬æ˵ĸɱң
㲻ϣҲɱ㡣
ɱ䣬ƺû顣
۾תţƺ˼ѵİ취һһʵȻɱңΪʲôҪң
֪˵ˣֻҪңҲ֡
˵
֪ʱ˵һ֣ǰСӣһԥ֣ǵͷã㣬ֻ֪Ҫʲô
Ʋѣʱʶ޷ֹĵزҲһСͷ
ĵͷܺãҵһǣǲʲô
ǲ⣬ʵб𣿡
ɫɫαװģٴʵûһзı
΢΢һ㶣Ц˵˵Ǳ
ɫһ䣬漴ʵ鲻Ǳ
βһ˦¶ΪԻЦݣҲ֮ǰȷʵһôʱ䣬һķҲɱĻǰˡ
˵ţ¶һͬ
밵һΪ˷ǲǱõ֣Լ÷;˵ôá뵽ʵǰɣԺҾͺСˡ
۴ŭŭ룬˵ʲôȻΰ۷ô֡
ֺ𣿡
뿴һۣȻʵ

еȻӻû˵۱оתߵն굶ϺڹһһӴԪӤϣŵһæĿڵȻˣҳôõ֡
һЩм˵滳ǲǾȻ˵Ļ
ٴŭˣ幭룬ѿڴ쵰ʱ̣㻹ں𣿡
һתն굶Ȼ˵һ𣿡
˻һˣһߵҲ쳣ɫ롣
뱳žӦ÷ǳϤȥҷɣ
ۼն굶Ҳһ㣬һǰһ£ҴȥǸ飬ܵõʲôô
ЦˣЦма񣬡ô֪㲻ȥҿԸ㡣
ۻצǰСӣ㲻Ҫ̫֣ҿǡ
һĴӣЦ˵˵ĻҲն굶
һն굶֣ʱûƢˣðɣֻҪܴ뿪ҿԴһЩǿĵ
һΪ
ߵڷ㶵ǰ߰ɣȥ顣
˵ţӦȥ
ߵʯڣӰһǵǰżһ£ôˣôȥ
תһˣ޷뿪ʯʵĿռѹ
۵ͷڵĿռѹ̫ˣηǰҲǿгͻӡ
˵̾Ϣһϧڲˣǽȥڹȵʱǿ֮ʩչ޷ͻơ
ףһ͵ضɽҡγɵˣԭʩչ

΢΢һ㶣ʩչ
۸߰ͷ˵Ȼҿΰ۷ССʲô
ȻӴʱ䲻Ѿܶ϶ܻᴵţ
㶼ʲôأ
ãҴ۵ϵס
۲û֮ӵ˵СӣҴһ̫̫ˣ˼Ļ˵ǾǷ·ϵҲ壬·е˻һһ·𡭡
ͣ
û뵽Ŀڲôãѵķӡ̫ˣһ˵ĸо
ԣǵøʱϢ΢ôһͱþأ
أע⵽ΧʯЩʯд붼ʧȥԣȻˡ
ڳԺ󣬲֪ʲôĵʯڵԡ
Ƥ֮£֪ҲЩ¡
һԵੲݵ˵ͣЦ̲סһ䣬ǰȻ壬Ǿͱˣֱ˵֪ˡ
ʩչʱҲһ㶣תһ룬ǴޣʹҲΪ档
еǰʮãĵͷСѾͷСӶ¶ˣҺ˵Ȥ¡
ǰתƻ⡣
ݸһЦ㻹ûңЩأ
뷨һĻʹԺѧѧгɣһȻ˵޵ǿߣҲ޵֡
̾ϢһЩε˵Ϊѧ̫࣬Ҳ֪˵һźá
˿̣һֳ嶯ǰֻаСķ


077 
뿴һۣȻһЦ㵽뵽

ۺٺһЦӡʱ̫öһʱ벻ٸǰɣô
˵ʱһСӣһˣն굶óв
֪ôȥʲʲôȻתƻ⣬߰ɣӦ֪δ뿪İ취
΢΢һЦȻ֪ˡ
˶٣˵пռ𣿡
ҡҡͷûУִŪ
ɫһЩŵ˵ôܣǶǰ洦ɼ𣿡
ЩΣ̾Ϣһǰǰڡ
۵ͷ룬˵˵Ҳǣûпռ䴢ͨ𣿡
ͨĴֻܴûп±ɡ
׼İ취֮ʱͻȻ˵пռ䴢ɣ
ӻռ䴢ʾ۽ȥ
ۺٺһЦҾ֪СǸѾͷǿˡ
Ӱһ봢С
۴һʧǣ涼ŵʲô
Ŀռ䴢ȻŴ԰õҩġɲϣ֪æۣ֪кã˵
ۻĹȻ֪룬ﻹôöݣͩҶݡ
ֻдһ죬ţ۱Ķ˵˳
ͨʶۿʿˮɫһʲô
ۺٺһЦǸһ£һЩʶָһЩǰ£Ұô
һȻ˵ɣһһҩݣ֪ʲôĺ
Сӣݡ
ŭһ䣬ݶг˯
˿̣һĿ룬еɫֱ䡣
⻹Ǹţʲô
û뵽Ȼóռ䴢
֪룬ȴûнͣ߰ɣ
ԭ·ǰȥһ·ʱ۵ͻȻֻ˵ͣ£ұߵڶɽ߽ȥ
ṩķ˺ܾãһ޴ʯڡʯΧʯϣŸӵ·ϡԸоһʯλãһ޴ʯһԲεİһöĴָСӡ
ͨɫɢŵ
۵ʯϱǷ飬㲻Ҫһ󷨣ֻҪȥûǿĵ˲¡
һ£ٺһЦҿóߵŮӦ֪ʲô취󷨡
üͷһ֪δ󷨣
һ죬ͷ֪ô졣
ͷЩɻȴû˵˵£βܵõ顣
ᶯ˼£˵ɤУչ룬ֻҪҺ˫ޡ
˫ޣ
æϵûбİ취𣿡
˫ޱЭΪ˼֮ķࡣ
ȻʲôˣҲһˣ£ġƯûһ˿⡣ͬһ˷ϵǾԲܵ¡
ɫߺӣ̾ϢһۣдǸ󷨵İ취û
ۺٺһЦЦݼΪа񣬡ôһŮǰ㶼̲סҶɣǲˡ
һвŲţھͰӴӳ
СȻֹæ˵취УǴ۱Ƚϴ󡣡
ж󣿡
ɫʵֻҪΪۣȥ
۵Ƴ󷨣ԱѪΪۣͷųȫĵ棬ǿƳ
˵һ£ֽ˵СӣҿóŮ㲢һġҪˣľˣ͵Ϯ㣬η
붼û룬ʵ취ô򵥣
ѵôܴ󷨣
ƺ֪룬Сӣ򵥣Ǿڵͱ޵߱Щͬ⣬취УҴһ㰴ȥʩչһԡ
ʲô
üͷ㲻ȵľˣȻҵ
ռ䴢Уɫһ䣬Ц㿪ʲôЦô񹲷ߵ¡
һЦϣ㲻Ҫʱ͵ϮʹõҵҲɱ
û˵ĬƬ̣ĲѾͷ͵Ϯ
һն굶У˵ҿܲ
ն굶۵ɫ쳣ѿףֻҪһ˿ܴ߶ն굶ڵĵ˲ҷ뵽̾ϢһȫΪۣѹһ㣬ʩչǿ󹥻
ţ۰˵˳ȴû˵֡
۲֣ˡ
뿴һɫеõİ취Ҫ˫ޡ
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ȫΪۣ۳һ㡣
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079 
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ҲЦЦ׵Ȼʦ֣õ쵤һָʦּö

ĵͷЦ˵һΪ
˲УȴԳղŵĻ˶ûе档
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ǿĻɫ䣬ִӴŶóһ
һ˵ɫ쳣ѿֻ̾Ϣһ˫ۡ


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âһûڵڣն굶ָԭģ
ն굶ϵǿƺģЦѵΪ˵ң
У򵥵ľն굶ؿǿгɱ⡣
ǿһʱâڱ
üͷܾЩףʦ壬ҪҪǳ֡
ǿһƺĻΪôΪҽһڵ޵ߣ
ɫһæ˵˼
ߣ
ǿֵ˼ͱ˵ʦʰ
ն굶ǿȻɣҲ֡âֵֻҪ㿪ɡǰһԲСɱ죬¾ԲֹЩ
ͺһͻȻֵ֮ƾ壬нյն굶ǿȥ
ǿ֪һЦʩչһߡ
ǿҲһЦӶն굶ͻȻ࣬ŷȥ
ڵĵâն굶ڷΪһī㣬Ȼɽƿ֮ڡ
âƿУ֮ʱɢӰ٣壬ӿ
ȫʧΪ˲˿еļڿһתֱ£ȵվڵϣ
ն굶ָŵ棬һվţؿʮǿ
Ȼ£ȫľ飬޷һ£ʱ˶֣ɡ
һĻ˵ȴΪͬǿҲΪ뻹һս֮
ƹƿڿУƿϵĻƹȥȻһƳƿеĵ
ǿûмʩȻƳһΣǱеڶεĿܣСӣƴƿڵ̫
ûлش𣬵̸һЦǲм֮ɫ
ǿŭһڻƹƿϣʩչƿеĵȴ
žણžડ
صڼžڣ˶
һʱ䣬˲̧ͷеĻƹƿȵķ֣ƿϾȻֵơѺԽԽ࣬ԽԽ󣬵Ѻ۲ƿȫʱֻžһ鿪Ϊ㾧ƬӿƮ¡
ƹƿˣȻһ֮»ΪƬ
꣡
ǿһУһѪӿ˳ɲǼࡣ
Ȼ޴󣬵ٻԺʩչ߳ܵĴҲ޴
Ԫ򵱳ԡ
ǿȻǰߣʹˣɫҲ쳣԰ף΢΢Ļһ޵ߵӡ
٣ǿŭģŭȵɱ
һѪ˳ǰĵ汻ѪȾһƬ


082 
ǿĻ˵ƾ빥ȥ
Ӱϡ֮˲ǰ
ɫһ䣬ͺһСġ
˵ţն𣬵˾Ĺ
ǰ״ײһ𣬷졣
ԱȰ߸߳٣֮䣬ϵ΢
벻Ҵ⣬æһת
æȵʦã֡
ԥһ£˵ʲôȴǿŭɱȥԺʦָƿ쵤
޵ߵҩƿڣÿƿʮöҩƿҲǶʮö
ʮö쵤ڵ޵˵ȷʵǼջ
ںЩҩǿҧҧɫȥ
֣ɫһæֹ
ʮ޵˲ɫȥ
޴ԶɫԿ⣬˸䣬ɫһԡ
ɫ԰ףһѪ˳Ȼûб٣ʮ˵ǿ󹥻Ѫһڡ
ǿɫһŭȵǻݵʲôʱСѾûйˡ
˿뻹гֵʱ򲻻վһƾû͵ϮԼ
˻һ˲Ϣת䡣
໥һ̵ۣͷŷͬʱ빥ȥ
âһ󣬶ĺȻ¡
Ӵ˲䣬϶ʱһ֣ɽͼɼ
Ӵĺ֮ϣʱɶˤڵϡ
ϣӦѣʧӰ١
ֻǰһȣһѪ˳
׷ȻִʩչĻھȻֵ
һ㶣ͬʱȻһδɱ롣
ȥǵѪؿᣬʲô˼
һ٣߻صǰʲô˼ұû뿪
ˣûмڹ
Ŀ棬ˣɱһ
ǿһЦСӣȻףҾ͸㣬ŵһ̣ʦֲõ֮С
һ£ֽ˵γħе£ͺ֮һУǹݸ㿴һϷ
ɫһ䣬ᣬô˵ȥ԰͵£Ƕ֪
ٺһЦǶʦõһֻ֣ŻĸԸȥȡñ
ˣǰһУһֻ֣ңһӡ
ǿٺһЦСӣó򡭡

ؿǿ治ɫ˵
η֮ɫǿһղ˵ӣ΢΢һЦСӣ㲻ǿ֮ĩƾǵΪΪһս𣿡
˵ɢӴĻһ˵ӡ
ЦˣɷϣϷıǿȷϵˡ
һɨ漴ϣô˵Ҳˣ
ʼɣһĻǲҲǾеһ֡

شǿЦˣȻ˵ȴһеһ֣Ҳû뵽Ȼɱǿ
һһϣǷģͬǰĻƹƿһģһֻǷŨ
ǿһǰķɣ
һе⣬Ҳ֮С
ҲµĲղǼֻһûбѪιƷѡ
ǼױȷΪʹһķѪѪι֮󣬷ҲǿľˣȻ۴Ϊܻһ
ǿͷȷʵһƷǱʮ֮ģǵΪǰֲһյʱ䡣
֪ǿĻǿ󣬻ƹƿͷŶӴϢоΣա
ǼΣԲĸо
һ֣
ЦһȻһѵΪɱ𣿡
ǿ΢΢һЦôˣֱͨڣʹҲҲ޷뿪
ֻˢһķͬʱָ롣
ʮ޵Ҳŷ׼룬ֻҪǿ£ǻԥĳ֡
Ψһıͷŵ棬˫еɫ临ӡ
ô޵ߣû£ȷʵԸˣһδιͨȴѶƺѲϡ
̾Ϣһٵߣ뵽Уջǵʱص
ʩչһǰİӦ˵ϿաһʩչС
߲ʮ󶥽׷֮һڵĵ˿ʮ󶥽׷֮¡
ջǵ޷֣С
Ӱһǰеն굶ջӶŰھֱ¡
Ӷڵĵâն굶ͷŶڰϣڱâУҵĲš
ն굶ĹȻڶʱڻ޷ưڵķ
ڣǿ΢΢һЦмƹƿۿɼٶȱ
һ֮󣬲ûͣеն굶ӳÿӶһΣ϶ζһ£Ƶļ
һĻæͣ¹Ȼܹ֮ưڵķǿǿҲʩչĸʱûһ֮
ҧҧĴһƿ˳ҩƿڴŵ켶ҩ鵤
һſڣе̷£ȫն굶ϣ۴ٴʩչ
ɫâһϸߣǾͷŶգۼɵϡ
ǿһ΢ЦĿŻƹƿֻҪٴǿĵʩչ
ǿо˽꣬ͬȫΪۣʩչһ
һ̺֮ľˣʹڶ޵ҲҪˡ
âڰϣֻžһڱΪƬ
âδȻʩչᣬۿҪǿϡ
ǿɫһ䣬ӴзɳһƴĶƣƼǣ˲Ϣ֮㻯Ϊһ֮ߣϡ
ϣϡԿһӵ·Ȼһ·ǽϵ̵ЩơϸȥᷢЩͬ
ǿ΢΢һЦΪĹα̬Ҳ޷۶ܵķ
ǣǿˣҴĺס
۴ڵͨܶ۶ȻǿҲ޷סâĹ
һ죬â۶ܵķһϸСĶۡ
󣬵âǿ壬ǿɫһ䣬һΣűһѪ˳
ǿţһͻķס壬ɫ԰ףȫΪۣʩչ˱̬Ĺ
ȥߵѪǿһЦСӣĵȻܴͬҿ㻹ʩչٴΡ
һղ֮޷ֵǿȻû£ֻ³һѪ
ղŷеľ鵤ڵתۼȫָԼʩչ
벻ţǿܵһܼµڶΣΡ
ն굶һӣâٴۣۿڶҪʩչ
ǿɫһ䣬Щˣȵɱ
ǿߺ;ͬʱȥʮ˵ķ


083 
ӭĹɫ䣬ն굶ӶÿӶһΣһâ
ûߺ;Ӱڿÿһ£㷢һâ
ЩȻ޴󣬵ն굶ǰֵһᣬÿһâɻһ
֮䣬ʮ˵̻ƣΪһɢڿС
ʮ˵ҪԸǿȴǿһЦСӣȻҵĶ֡
˵䣬ƹƿɢҫ۵Ļƹ⣬â˸䣬ϿգһӴ֮˲ͷš
һΣ֮ľˣԶԶǼƷȡ
Ӵ壬ͱ뵽ƹƿ֮ڡ
ʹˣҲоЩ֧ھ鵤Ȼв٣Ҳֲ̫ʱ䡣߻ˣʱ͵Ϯɡ
ߺ;ǰֻҪǿһ£ʱ»ɢ
ǹճһЦ⣬Цݷ·è׽һСӣҿ㻹ֶܼá
ûг֣һζĿ롣
ҲЦ⣬ǿʦ壬Ҫǳ𣿡
ǿһˣҴδܹˣһڵСӾȻ˵ңҪǣζ
һһӴͷŶڿе壬رС
һ壬ǿЦŨСӣﻹһʶǿʲô
ǿʶĺȻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ɫǿ̿Ҳô׷㣬ҰսƹƿУٺúõĶԸ㡣
ȷʵûʶĴ㣬һɽĴС
ǿĴˣƻƹƿͳڵһ˿ʶ
ǿΪȫ֮УƷ֮ʶҲ١
ƹƿ޴󣬵ĵҲ侪ˣƬ֮䣬ǿڵĴ롣
֮£ǿֻôӴóָĵҩһڷ¡
ʱһһĹȥɼѵļţɫɫһ䡣
ǿ֪Щԣһڵ޵ߣڵ޷ôʱ䡣
ղųµʲôҩ
ǿղųԹҩǵҩ֮ͨ
һûлشתȫֵȫ֮
벻شǿһЦܺãشǰɣҳͬҲ֪
䣬ǿȭǰһھѪ˳Ŀ´ƹƿ֮ڡ
Ѫƿƹҫ۵Ĺâ̲ס˫ۡ
Ӵӻƹƿɢ֮˲˼֡
ֻһᣬ鲻Խǰţ뿪˵档
Ϊޣ޷ֵӴ֮æۣûа취ȻǶ
һƹƿƿڿٶȣһյʱᱻС
̾ϢţΣСӣҰﲻ㣬򿪴߰ɣ
һӴ֮㼴ʹȥ𣿡
붼û룬˵ҳȥԺδػڴ϶ˡ
⻰ЩϤڣҲ˵Ļ
ۼûشֽ˵Сӣҿɲһĸףкӣ㻹ǡ
졣
鱾Ͳã۵ĻǾ룬Ĺر˺ʹ֮ʶϵ
У۱ףŭ쵰Ȼȥᡣ
ʹ˵ٴʱ޷
еҩģںһЩһ꣬һڳȥҪˣ֮ǰԵɣЩҩķҲ˷ѣҳˡ
ǲֱЩҩݵԼҵˣһ¶ǣһ
ۿҲʲôҩģڴڵĳ¶ӣľϻڵûһЩҩĶĳ£üͷҲûһ¡ԵʱʮޣרѡЩʮҩģƾľȻ֪ҩԽ㣬ݾԽá
Եʱۻʱ̾˷ˣʵ̫˷ˡôҩģҪԵʲôʱܳ갡
˿̣ƹƿƿڻ׾룬źڶƿڣѿκϣȴһ׷ˣͷԷҪþѪΪۣǿΪʱһɫӰƮ˹
Ҫʲô
ɫһ䣬
ƮƮƺûĻһۣȻ٣ƿڷȥ
ղŶʱûע⵽Ѿˣû뵽Ȼؼʱ̷ƹƿ
ۿƹƿԽԽǿȴް취ֻĿƿڡ
룬Բû뵽Ầ㡣
ؿ룬ھΣ˻֣ĸ
ƿǰӰԽԽСԽԽСձƿڡ
ƹƿһˣ֮ͻȻֹͣƿɢĻƹҲ˲
ǿˣû뵽һղŵĵѾȫѾûʩչһˡ
һɣӿе䣬еһתն굶ֶǿֱȥ
磬ڿлΪһֱĹ켣ǿš
ǿɫһ䣬㣬ȴʶѾϡ

ǿһӣһƷ˳˲䵲ǰ
ƣ絶һ㴫˹ȥһֱ룬ǿ塣
ǿɫһ䣬ʹĺһűǳ壬Ҫߡ
ӰһǿǰһץסʶЦ죬ų
δ֮ǰ˼ʹõҲ޷ʹãһȳϾΪһ
ǿĻǱץסƺҲ֪ѲˣЦɱҰɱԺҲһ
Ųţھɱ㣿
в
˿̣ȷʵɱǿʹɱǿڵΪҲ޷ƹƿ˽ڣ֮ʱƿڡ
ղŷһУ˲Ϣ֮䷢ᷴӦǿѾץסǡ
໥һۣжǾ֮ɫû뵽롣û뵽֮¼ôʱ䣬ȻʩչӴĵﶼһʣѵڵ֮
ǿʦ塣
ɱǿæѵ룬ɱǿʦ壬ֹܵ׷ɱ
һЦѵҲɱǾͻŹ𣿡
شٴαñ䣬һ֣һš
𣬷
ͺһӴɢһתɫĻֱ
ɫǰΪһƴС̫
˿̣壬ԭ;һתΪʵ
ɫ̫ΪĿתΧʯͷ޷ȵĻ棬žбѿ
ɫ䣬ÿһ˶âڱ
ţ˱ıѩһ֮죬˶


084 Ѫ
У˽ƺҪΧĿռɡ
ɫ̫Ŀ£ʮ޵߷ȥ
ʮɫٱ䣬æʩչҪ㿪ǵٶʵ̫Ӱո㱻̫׷ϡ
˺ѷεĺصǵ̫׷ϵɲǼ䣬Ϊĩ
תۼ䣬ȥ޵ɫ쳣ѿ
ûʣ޵ߴϢʱ䣬һ̫ǵĿ£ٴηȥ
֮䣬ʮ޵һ⣬ȫĵ֮¡
ɱʮ˺뿴ᣬɭȻֵˡ
ղŵս˲Ϣ֮䣬û뵽ĵ˹졣
ԭΪĵԻţû뵽ɫ̫̺ӴʹŵĳҲ޷ʩչ⾿ʲôϵ޵ʲôʱӴĵ׺˭ѧģ
һϵеԺûκθ飬ֻɱ¾ʱںˣ衭룬ѵ±ŵ׷ɱ
ﾪ֣˵Ҳòѡ
һЦʱ㻹˵ĻǲЩЦ
һǱ˫УȻ᲻κηͷ룬㲻Ҫ̫
һĻ㻹˵Щҽȥ˵ɣ
̫Ŀ£Ͽգֻͺһȥ
̫ХһȻԶ
ɫ䣬ֻ̫һͷǾܣжԶܶԶ
̫ûǰ̺ܵӴʮ޵߱յĲһĻͷ亹
룬ǺͻΪͬΪС
һʩչһ߷ŭ
̫׷ֻҪٶһ㣬ᱻ׷ϡ
һ˵ʼޣѾκϣͨڣ޷뿪æǿʦ壬󷨣ҳȥ
뿪ĹΧֲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬һʱ䶼
ǿĻǱУ޷ʩչε˵һ䣬Ҳ㡣
ǿĻֻԿһƣһѪ˳ӰҲΪ֮һ͡
һ͵ʱ䣬̫׷ȥȵ˲ûʹ޷㱻Ϊĩͷûʣ¡ʶͬҲûѣն޷ֻؿռ䡣
һӿе졣
ɱٻᣬηǱ԰ģ
·̾Ϣһ԰Χ󷨣ҲµĲǰպǵѪ׷ģǺǿѪҵõ𣿡
֪Ծ֮ɱǿߣûսʤϣ
ЦˣЦһû뵽ҲôͼĴ󣬵ɷϣݵϷĺܱ档
˵һ£ֽ˵ڣҿóȷʵǣǸŮҲ֪֮һУܰ
ȻˣΪ㻹Ըﻴţ
һ˵޷αװô棬ΪʹһĻȾ룬վߵˡ
ɫȥƺ˵ʲôȴû˵
߰ɣ
ƽ˵Ҳɱ㡣
һ㶣ʵΪʲôɱң
Цһҿĳ㲻ĸԸΪ¡
˵ͷлл㣬Ҳ뿪
ȻͷųӴһɢգûڡüĴһѪѪٵţӣ۾Ѫ
Ѫ
ɫһ̾Ϣһ
ʱʲôȻ֪
Ѫ޵ɱһ취ھУǿתƾԼ
а񣬷ʩչػ٣û켶ĵҩơ
ѪѾһѪˣֻ˵ˣһҲȻζǴӦңΪ˶÷飬Ҳ֡ʮҲˣȥԺҲϽֻõĹޡ
˵ĻѾ뿪壬ֻ˵뿪ɣŵĸѾˣ١
˵ͨϴһɾ޴ǿĹ£ۿҪ顣
ɫһ䣬һ٣һɿιߺ;˲ɵǰ
Ĵȴûȥã˵Ĵѱճɻҽ
ǿĴ뵹൱һĻǣϣת֮󣬿ҵ氮
ץеĻƹƿһڷȥֻȥ˹ڣѵϣ
뿪ãͨ㱻ƣӰղڵĵط
붼ʶңһʦס
мվˣɷ磬ɫȻĿǰ
޵ߵľǴﵽԪӤڶ壬˺Ҳйһ֮ԵǴκ춷ʱֵʦ档
ʦ濴ƯڿеᣬȻʵ𣿡
ͽһ£㴫˳ɴ˿ɼ˵ĵ൱
ֻһӴϢϣֻҪҶһ£ᱻϢɱ
ˡ
ΡΡ˵֪ΪΣ֪ǿûȴûʵʵ˵
Цһɫ΢΢һ䣬û˵ʵ
ľԭԭ˵ߵĻȥſ϶˵ȷʵˣֻһˡ
ûмȥһȵķ򣬳˵ȣ
ǵġ
ش
ͷѾߣѾûκˣǽȥɣ
Ӱһһɽڡ
ңȴûߣһĻǰЦҵĺͽܣΪ˶ˣȴû
ңУῴɱ⣬æ˵ɱҵģ˹󷨣ԡ
һǣûԪӤڣ޷ʹõң֣ɡ

ңһЦ𣿡
һ۵ʬ壬ɭȻ㲻ңʹѪĵɣ
һ˵ʲôȴܵһӴϯţʶȫʧ
ңһӣߵֻˣŲ˵ȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ͷ˼£ȴû˵ʲô˵ʦ֣ǲӦýȥˣ
ңͷʦܣǲΪ̫ˣԼĵӶŹ
Ҳ֪λʦֵֶΣҡͷҲ˼
ң̾ϢһҲпԣûһѧħֻɴɱŹ
׵Ķ߻صѻΪһ⣬ڷȥ
̧һգһīԶɫ΢΢һ䣬ɽ׷˽ȥ
һյʱ䣬ʮɫ۵޵߳ȿڣ۵ϣһɫСЩơʮ˵ΪԪӤڣͷˣʮꡣ磬ΪǴﵽԪӤڵĶ壬ƺʱͻơ
ʮˣŵ޵ߡ
ͷˣȴεţ
һ۵ϵʬ壬ɫȻȻ˱˾ȳˣǿȥɣ
˵ͷʩչȥڡ


085 ӵĸ
ڣðߣʩչڣȫٵɽڶȥ
ʩչ򵥣ֻҪ뵽ڣͷŶеĵ
һķֻһֵȻҲǣʶѡ
ǿʩչĵˣգۼڵһ롣
ڵľ鵤öٶ£֮⣬ﵽڡȻƾŶٶȣǿһʱ䡣Ϊֹ취⣬Ѿ벻õѰ취ˡ
뿪ȣӵĹȥ벻ûǣ취вͨղŶԷͨȱԿǰΪԪӤڡڵ޵ߣҲӴ޷׵ƿͨ
ǿüӣЦСӣʦѾ׷ˣҿ㻹ܵȥ
屻ǰʩչ֪ͨңˡ
ʦ壿
ɫ䣬ΪѾ뵽ԪӤڵĸ֣һЦܲˣ֮ǰ϶ȥ
ǿ΢΢һЦĵ˵ڻɱңֻҪûͲҶҡ
˵ǿͣһ£һôֻҪңҾͰų
ȷųҾʹӦ㡣
붼û룬ش
ǿһ˵㣿
ľˡ
˵
ǿһЦԻԱ޵ã˵ûá
Ϊʲô
΢΢һ㶣ʵѵͱ޵߲һ
ǿ˵ΪҾ㲻һԵˡ
΢΢һЦ㵽Ǻ˽ңҸ㣬˵ĻǺһ֪򿪵İ취
ǿЦˣƺЦĻѵ֪Լߵ޵ߣܡˣڻƹƿֻܴʱ䣬һữΪһ̲Ũˮʹ·ҲȲ
Ȼ֪ղֻвһǿû뵽ԷȻʹ
ʱͻȻܵһӴȻǿ޵߿׷ɫһ䣬ޣʩչǰȥ
Сӣˣܲ˵ġ
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ˣɽ쳣ۣжʮֲ㣬е˴Ŀ磬ɽڿνǴ粽С
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ңЦڵ޵ô࣬ڵǿҲˣѵڻлŲ֪ˣһϼؾѾˣȻû϶಻ɸ˵ܡ
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Ӱһȥɽ֮ڡûɽʩչ쳣ѡҲǾȻ֮ˣԾѪΪۣǿаѶʩչޣҲкͬЧ
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ݳɽ뿴ǰһĻʱŴֻͣ˵һ仰ģ


086 ˮ֮Ԩ
Χɽ߶ͣһ߼ʡ
ɽϣݲƾһĸо
ɽ·һԲ׵ˮ̶̶ˮȻǺɫɢڵĹâ
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ԼУǺ
⾿
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̧ͷ뿴һգӰһշȥ
շɵʮףһӴأصˤ˵ϡ
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Ȼһǿ󷨣ҽգ˷С
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΢΢һЦûΪаŭƽȷʵȫһСʱ֮ڣЩ޵޷׷
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۱ץűͲˬǿôһ˵ʱðɣ˵ʲô죬СҸɵˡ
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һǿСӣǼһȸҸɵҾ͸ѵİ취
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ʱһ翵ĲͻȻˣҪҵķˣѾˮ֮Ԩˡ
󣬷·˷ɴ˿ɼԷΪѾﵽһľ硣


087 ½
һ޼ʵƽԭϣһĺѵͨԶ
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088 ǹ
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룬Ữȴûע⵽ӱߵһֵ꣬Ŀǰĺ档
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ץס˻ᣬȸ˵ʵԺԺôˣ
λش⣬һΧãûбˣֻҪҲ˵㲻˵û˻֪



089 
ڵϣһҺɫƷ̫Ĺâ
ƵĹ£һƾɵëͣĲԼ촽ÿһ¶һۡ
Զһľľһľ幹ɣ򵥵˾óʱ˯棬ʱ̮
˿̵Ĵϣһ꣬ϣ¶һżΪͨӡ
ˣǽˮ֮Ԩ롣
һգˮУо̹ǵ̶ˮϳ񾭡
ǰΪΪɱ֣ܹһЩѵָоϰٴΡ
Խ̶£ָоԽȫѾľ
֪˶ã޷ʱĸоͻȻʧ
ţоһӴûӦ㱻С
ʶȫޣԺֻصһ仰˵ﰲȫĵطҲаȫ
ֱڣʶһֱڻ֮УһĻԵĻۺǿ
˿̣ĴüͷСã֪ʲô𣿡
˸һۣû˵ô֪ʲôԼ𣿡
һһĻһŭǷ˵ٲͻҲȥһˡ
֪Ƿ˹ã˷Ӧһ˹Ȼ˺Ȼ΢ȴ÷ϲϲԭܼ򵥣ڲٶһˡ
֮㱻ú̧˴ϣΪҲ۵Ĳᡣ
ʵƣ忴ôһ㣬Ϊ˳أѵǳʯͷ
ǣΪʯͷһأ⻹ʯͷһļӲ
õ΢΢һЦСãͱˣŮģһ˹
󣬲һŮģ㻹Ҫůأ

εӣһЦߵߣ磬·֣֪Ǵġ
½Χ޾ĺֻôһƬ½˵ңԶĺ⣬кܶ½һΪ벻ˡװЩ⣬ȴûκβͬͬǺ۾Ƥ
˵Сӻ
룬ѵԺ⣿
ҡҡͷƽҲ֪ҲĲ½˰ɣ
ƽȵĺ磬ԺԺʲôأ
˵֣絽ڶûгԷˣæʵ磬أȥԡ
һЦСãôһ㡣
Ļüͷһ㣿
֪ȥһ̯ʵ˵û㡣
ʲô
ɴ۾ǰĸ磬һһٵʵ˵ʲôû㣿
ǡ
ٵ˵ͷΡ
һúƽˣȥϡɣ
һҹԷܵˣĴϵ
ȥӰüͷֹѾͷʲôʱôˣѵһǵħô󣬾ȻһʲôŮ˰ĸо
Ͼȷ꣬ŮҲ˲١
ʱ󣬷ڵ˽
һϡһȴϡһ׶ûС
ϡһߵϣϡߵߣĺ󱳣ӣһһڵιȥжͶᡣϡ͵ʱ뱻ţش˼¡
öԴһϸģ̲סʵСãϡҳʲô
˵ţƳһϵϡеɫԲƺ˵㲻ҳǸɣ
ûһۣСι룬ͷҲص˵ﲻϡ𣿡
ֻһƣЩĽˣ˵Сãѵܶһ𣿡
ֻˣô󣿡
ͷһ۸磬ʵ
ֻһѣΣʲô
Ȼ綷죬Ц˵֪ҡ

Ƭ̺󣬵еϡι֮ͬ꣬磬ٴ򲻵㣬ô죿
붼û룬˵һ磬ȥɽҵҰͲݸʱȳԼ˵
ĻҡҡͷǳǸԣǲˡ
˵ţƳһɫ԰׵롣
ˣ
ٿЦԵ㶫Ϊˡ
ͷĬƬ̣ͻȻʵ磬ܲȥɼҽס
ײѣ֮ⲻҪɵĸΪѡ
ļǵãϴν֮ɵĸһֱΪʲôʱѷ޸Ķӡ
ʵڷһܲˣֻǷɸûиоһøССÿЦڻ֮¾ϣҵһĲӣҸ
ôһԲʡ
ȻˣɵĸÿĻٶûˡ
ڣԲʣѾʮ꣬½͵ŮҲԳɼˡ
뵽ͻȻĴǶƯģӦÿǮɣ
ڴǲ⣬ɫһ䣬æ˵УĶ㲻
ȴȻȻûаķء
̾Ϣһ֪СöкøУάʼɣ뾿ǶԻǴðô죿Էϵ·ƺǰĴ½ϵĵλԲִͣҪȥô죿
Ϊãٿκ£Ҹ
ٵɫһ۴ϵ룬ֿСãúչԷøȥ
硭
Ÿ˫ۣỨ֡
ٵһЦЦʲôúչȻʲô⣬Ҫˡ
˵꣬һ뿪˷䣬ҹš
߳䣬貵ҹգ̾ϢһϣξǶԵİɣӣӦò֮ˡ
̧ţһȥ
ҹѾˣڵѾȼΧһƬڡ
⣬ϡ֪Ѿˡ
Ȼûãٵ㴫СãúϢɣ緹ѾŪˡ
ڵķڣǹճһЦݣۣܰƺּһЩرζ
һҹ޻峿ٳԹ緹뿪ˣʼһĴ
ڣڴϵ룬۽ͻȻһ£˫ۡǰһģתĸо֮۾Ȼҡҡͷٴ˫ۣ߲űֱ壬ǰĴϣһŮſ˯΢΢һ㶡
뿴ܣȴİһУﲻһ
ȷ϶ǳϾ˲ܴ·УİҲر𣬸½
ˮ֮ԨһĻ벻һ૵ѵִԽˣ


090 ִԽ
Ȼ󣬵Ǿ˯еķ
ȷʵЩҹＸһҹûôۣҪʱҲڴ˯š
˯ֱۣһ㣬ôˣ
ллأĻ
˵Ψһĸо
뻹ĺ£Խһİ磬ҲҪѧ
ʵ㣬ҵĻ𣿡
֪벻½ˣܵ޷
ͷ
Щ˻ƣһԡ
뱾ûоʲôŮ˵žԵɱǷִδµŮ
ͷڹߵ£΢΢
һ㶣еԭ򣬵
̧ͷһҲڿæͷ˫ֲ֪Ū½ǡ죬ŴӿƮһ仰½
½
֪ڴ½ֺ벻üͷԺаѹϵ½ĵ鼮һ飬ûҵ½ĸ֡룬Էˣ֪췽½𣿡
Сڴﳤû飬˵½ʹ½ϵҲ˵Ȼҡҡͷûû
̾Ϣһơ
ѵִԽˣһİ磿
ǣȻһ磬ΪζԷ˵Ļܹأ
ѵԽһͬ磿
һԺɫ쳣ء
ڴϵķС¹һ㣬㷲ѵƯʲôͷɣ
˵ԭͺƻһߺ졣
ȴûע⵽ɫ˵ûȥԷʹʱһɫŮǰҲûκ룬Īһİĵط飿£ĻȥЩ
һ£̾ϢȻˣֻ̹ȻˣٶҲͽ͡
ԭϣ취ȥĻزȥ˾͵ٴδԽˡ
һЦû뵽̶̶ʮȻδԽʹЩС˵ǣҲûôùɣ
һʱķɿ죬ʱ䶼ڿ棬żһ·⣬Ȼ֪Ĳ࣬ĻУ½Ҳиһ˽⡣
Ϊʲô˵һΪṩʵ̫١
룬½ڵĵطǶǼλڶһСϡ
ĽͣƲѣѾͷ֪Ķʵ̫˰ɣ
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ͷ֪ҲֹһŮϾһŮܰģξԭԭ˵˳ֻ˵˹һΣ֪ǲΪߣû˵
볤пһǳȥ߰ɣ
˵꣬ɫȻһ䡣
ôˣ
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һŮǵĲȴЩȻֵû£һ߶
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߳䣬ӱ߳˺٣һ·Ҳûʲôˡ
⣬һҲûУʶҲ޷ʩչ
һΪȻڴԽԺȫʧˡ
ȴҪǰǿ࣬Կ϶һȭȥԿԻӳ
һĸ
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޵ڣӵʹκε似Ҳܺڶ޵߿⣬ܰѶԷɱ
뿴һϵļ⣬ּһ˿⺮̶ˮڵĸоΪơ
̶ˮʱ̶̫ˮһɺʲôӰ죬ȴ֪
ţͻȻһӵôˣ
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ԷʹԼʮ꣬òͨһ˫С۾һɫ·
½·Ϊº£ȴ½ֻһ
Էɫȴһ䣬߿˿壬ôҲˣ
Ϊ˵ӣɵĸףұȷҸԣһЩһ¶ɴ棬˺ǰ
΢΢һЦߵǰϳԵĺô
ûһۣһ΢ЦĿŷ
ôһֻȫһڣüͷãš
Ͷ˼£ȴһҲû˵
˿εӣ΢΢һЦû£Ȼܿ㣬Ҳʡĵ»ȥˡ
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ָ̧֣ԼЩʵʲô
΢ᴵϡԿ˫ڵ˫дɻ֮ɫɻֻһ󱻻Ȼɫȡ
С۾гһ죬ЦŵûʲôֻȥҼҳ·ô
֪Է⣬ܾ˵ˣһˣϼˡ
˻֣ٵһȥֻǾߵʱ¶һֵ˼ЦݣȴŲм֮ɫ
ԭһ·ʵ̫ˣڳŵʱ򣬷뻻·
ˣ˲ûпʲôֻǰ뵱ɸꡣ
Ͼ䲢Ȼ죬Ҳʮҡʵᣬʵûжʮꡣ
ӱߣٺںӰߣǵһԣ¨ɿտҲɴ˿ɼһ춼ûд㡣
ɴԱߵĲϰһظţ٣㻹ûңõأ
΢΢һЦҲ˵ҰʬԵˮУȻû
һŵӣ⻰˵˺üˣҿɲš
һ̯¶һ˵ɫ㲻Ҳû취ӡ
Ȼõֵܣǲ˵ȥϾǼù£һȥ˿ɲֹһ
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˵ţһ룬˼ָ֣룬˭
һ⣬űһ


091 Ů
ɴСһ𳤴󣬿һ⣬Ȼ֪ʲôһۣһԶݣһġ
ԭ˵ѣתһ룬ôûӣôѣУҲǴˣҲʶ
ɵ˵Էûָоڷ£˵䡣
ĺɰߵĲݸȻ³Զʶô꣬ûм
ļĸʱ򣬶ûһɷĻǲġ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷûлش
ɿ룬ôûоһƵĵطüë촽ϸ΢ĵطûСϸȥᷢ˲ƣ֮Ĳ໹ľˣ·֮ѪԵϵʮǧ
ݣ
üͷʵ
⡭
ôһʣһΣ֪λش
һߵߣɣˣȷʵԶݣ㲻֪Ҳ
ɵͷ룬ʲô֣
˵ĶԻУѾԿ϶½Ҳϣǵҽ롣
Ƭ½ϣҲĻᱻϳ
룿
ĬĬ֣漴½ϣ𣿡
˵ţ١
ҲһΣҲû֣ﲻɰСӣ˵ʲôֲãƫƫ˵衣
΢΢һЦôûģҲ𣿡
ʶĵһͷ˵ҲǣȻԶݣ֮Ӧûϵɣ
˵ǣһԵķͻȻɣ⻰ʲô˼
΢΢һ㶣û뵽ôһʣ˵ûŮ֮Ĺϵ
һۣɫΪҺûйϵʲôϵ
һɫΪȻ˵ôûйϵҵġ
ʲô
ɵĻһһٵʵ˵֮䵽ʲôϵ
һԵķٿǿף̾ϢһСİˣѵڼʲô˵£
뵽ȻһӦδȻ˵Сûио֪Ѿڲ֪аѷδӡ
ɱôһʣЩ죬ҴﵽŮˣô򵥡
ƺ֪ɻôشûһ㾪֮ɫƽ˵ʲôʱӦɻˣ
ɽȭͷҪҳɻ飬Ҳῴ޸ˡ
ϾȥͻȻ֣룬ǻȥ
쳣ᣬںİ˵һ
ȥһû˵ʲô
̾ϢһɵɣںСðɣ
ûзͷҲû뵽ôҪ
ٵͷҲˣСöûָо
Ȱɷһûнĸ飬ȥֻ˵øղܡ
ûа˼̧ͷ񷣬ϵɫȻȻңҲһҪõ
αأ
֪˵ʲôҲȥתӱȥ
ش·ϣһֱͷߵڵʱͻȻ룬ղô㣬㲻Ұɣ
ҡҡͷ˵ȴǰһ仰
Ҫ磬ֻǴ˵
⻰ܾ䣬һֱǵãΪԳ˵
ʱٺһЦҾ˵еˣΪ˵ԶС
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˵꣬һЦղǺ㿪Цģ档
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Ѿϲ룬˵ϰ
һûʸȥˣҲñϲ
ʱûнͣϤˣٰ뷨ͷϸ˵һ¡ŷ֪֮󣬲ٰȥ޵ߣͬ˲һˣ˼ʹȥҲкõĽ
صУ뿴ԺڵһЩɢڵϵľģЩҪ𣿡
Щѹ֣ʶ˵ţҪ
˵꣬ʲôæ˵Уܸ
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˵ģ⡣
˵ҵʱ΢΢һðɣУǿ
Ŀڹϵɷһ
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𣿡
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ǡ
¶쳣ɫ羭˵޵ߵͨôֻ񣬲أ
ûлشĻ޵𣿡
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һ£ʼ˵޵ߵ飬ڿе޵ߣ޷Ǿأܵǿڡ
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˵˵ţɫҲС
СúĵЦ˹˵Щʲôôİ
˵ţԺڡ
¨ǿտҲʵ磬Ҳû𣿡
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й
˵ʵ볤ôûʲôأﲻЩ档
Ƭ̺˱뿪Ժӡ
˿̣ɫѺڣڣһûڴׯڡ


092 ĵ
ɵļңλڴӵͷ
ӣС塣ССĴ˷⣬˶
ӺСԼһյʱ䣬ɵļǰ
ɼҪȷٵļҸԣ٣뻹һԺӡ
ټȻҲԺӣֻνԺӰˡ
ԺǽĻȷʵһԺӡ
ԺУɱӭûһۣŷ˰
ɫȻͷţˡ
֪˵ʲôǰҲΪ˺˵֮¡
߽ݣϰʮˣмλãЦſŷ񣬾ͺڿδĶϱһ˽кҪ͵Լҡ
ȷʵûпԺҲǡڷߡ
ȻЩ죬Ͷ£ȴû˵ʲôڷ
˴һƣͦĵģҺȵưɣ
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⣬ûһϴЦ⣬治֪ĴӺζ
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ֻ֮£ͬҲûк顣
پ͸ˣûϺԷ⣬Ļпĵ¡
ƽ˵ûпĵ£ͬҲû̫ĵ¡
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뿴ǰľˮܾǾˮЩ֣ҲȻ

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ûɫжһЩڴΪǰ˵޵ߵ£Ĵ˿̵ӣ˵Ļһ飬Ǹ羭˵޵ߣЩأܵǿڡ
ɢǿƣΧβӦɵҲܿ϶һ̳֡Ͼ̳£ʩչǿգȴ޷ƲʵһĹ
ؿ˸ӣһɱʵûǲã
Ȼȴÿ˵صһÿ˵Ǳʶв޵Ŀֻš
ɫţشӻóһҩƿӸ룬һֻȴ
ףֺα
һվڸ׵ǰһЦĿ룬кη֮ɫеĿ޵ʧĶҩĵʹһ޵ߣ켶ĵҩҲ޷ʩչκε


093 ָ
ɵĻﲻһ
켶ҩ
һͨ˵Уôܻ޵мֵǵ켶ҩ
ʹⵤҩܿһֺĴҩ켶Կ϶Ĳ
뵽һƣѵƬ½ϣ켶ҩ洦˼
ʵˣϾ켶ҩ̫½ϣһЩǧϵ޵ɶ޷óһö
סеɱ⣬ɣҩλõģ
켶ҩס
ηղŵƣɲûǰЦŵǰɣ벻Ҳ֪ȵҩ
˵һ£ֽ˵ʮһֵҩһʱڣϵ⣬ԻᱻҩԹĶ
ЦˣЦƺЩмӰһɵǰЦʵ㿴µ𣿡
վԭأھȶŴͣԷһôܣôû£ʹ޵ߣʱȫҲӦñ޷ʩչκεܣܡ
ǲ֮ɫеĻҲ״Ρ
ɿԿ϶ղûٶȣʹ̳Ҳ޷ʩչ
Ψһܵǣһ޵ߡ
ͬھУղֻǰһΣǰ϶޷Էٶȡ
⣬޵ߵĵ𣿡
˵Уصͬһʡ
һеҩƿòУڱţͷƿеһҩʵнҩ𣿶ó
ղǵҩȷʵѪҺʵٶȼӿ࣬ʶҲ쳣ģˣ¶޷ȥ
Ŭļ֣ҩʧȥãȴû뵽øԭʧʶȻ˲ָˡ
ĵֻҪҪñѹʶʶȫޣ˵𲻵á
뻹ʱѾΪһʧңֻ֪ѰԵˡ
΢΢ţһֻâڱæ˵ûûˡ
ûˣ
ˣȻʵ
˫һЩڵϣͣ˵ˣûˣûƭ
ڰ֣ûмȥߵǰһͷŶ˵ϣҪϵҩԣȴûһ˿áﲻ̾켶ҩȻͨĴҩֻҪһЩСֶΣ׵Ľ
̾ϢһеĵҩȡһƬ뷽ĿС
Ƭ̺󣬷ѹҲ𽥱ƽȡ
һƬҩܽӴڵҩȡһƬ뷽ٵĿС
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һٵͣһְҩƬУ֣һǵķûˣٹһͻ
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һĺܵĸϾôǸһȹġ
ǰһĻɫһ䣬ŭɣΪʲôҪң
֪޷Ūȥֻʵ˵ʵұ췹Ȼѡ
üͷһأ
ЦˣɱҸû˵ĵطˡ
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ŭɣ̫ˣҪ¸߹ٸ
⻰ɫһ䣬漴뵽ʲôЦһ治ǻ˽ˡ
ղʩչʱ򣬷û״̬֪һ޵ߡ
һֱ޵ߣȴûȷϹ
ɵĻһ㶣ʲô˼
Цһָ룬װ㰮Ǹˣֻһ޵ߡ
ûзϣɾվ·һ
üͷһ˷ܵܵǰȷһʵԭ˵Ķģ
˵ͷЦ˵ƭ𣿡
һ£ҡҡͷûС
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˵ţɣʵֻҪش⣬Ҿͷ㡣
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ش⣬һεõƿҩġ
ƺ֪ѻ⣬붼û룬شҲ֪Ǹƽȥ棬ƿҩȻӺġ
˵ţӻĨȥһɫҩƿҩƿдһС֡켶ҩĵԵ˵á
ҩƿ򿪿һۣǽҩҲһģ
ɵͷǵģƿʱƿ
۾Ƭ̣ʵһ⣬ǴһϵĶʲô
һ̯ûˣЩ
ش΢΢̾ϢһûлɵĻΪûҪƭ
ɼ̾ϢһΪı䲻ɱ뷨ˣѾش⣬ϣسŵ
΢΢һ㶣ת۱ɶˣģֻҪ㲻˵ȥҲǳ֡
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ʹ˵ȥˣŵм
˵Щ˼ʹˣһ޵߳
½ϣ޵ͬ޲ĴڣʹΪµ޵ߣ˵۹ʵҲɴ˿ɼ޵ڴ½һĵλǵ̶ȣȫԺ͵ʵ
ʱӵıͻȻһŮӵļ
ɫһ䣬æ˵뿪䣬ȥȥ
һӣһʩչӰһʧڷڡ
˿̣һЦĿŷһڣʲô
ڣٻûѹֻһŮӣЩģɻͼ
ε̾ϢһˣҲʲôղߵʱһ󷨣ΪҶʲôԺӳȥ𣿡
ɣһʶһô֪ôࣿ
ɿһ۵ϵķ٣Һ綼гΪ޵ߵ룬޵ĳʶƽЩ˵ġ
½ᴩ½֮࣬һЩ֪޵ߵ顣
Щ˴⣬ʱ䶼ڰģʹ֮飬֮Ҳܴ
ɫһ䣬޵ߵ֪ĺ٣ĸҲûϸ˵
˿̷֪޵߾һڣ
ɵûʲô֪ȫ˵˳˵ּһ䣬ƭˣҵԶݡ
һȴûκα仯Ϊʲôô˵
ɿһΧʮֿ϶˵ղʩչĶв󷨵ٶȣһͨ޵߿ʩչġ
һߵ˻ߵӵߣ޵ߵĹ£ЩҲ˵˲٣˲Ϣ֮ܲ󷨵˲࣬ҲµĲΪܿڹϣߡ


094 Թ
ׯһӰаתۼĵط
ûﵽоһ֮ɫһٶȱ
֮УһƮӰڿУʣԷӡ
ǵӰԱߣһŮӣŮɫ԰ףϢȫ
ˣ
ʶŮϵϣʱоһϢϢٲȻһûκ
ɫһ䣬Ϊһ޵ԣ벻Թڡ
޵Ӱ֣æƯʮ֮⣬Щ˵޵ߣ
ЩɳƣŮ
Թⶫǰ֪
˵ԺһЩԭ޷Ͷ̥ΪˣΪ꣬ε䡣
ЩǶЩԼʶҿ֮ʵ
ʵߵԺ޵߿ʱǱ㲻ǹ꣬ǹ
ǷΪ֣ǰԹͬתΪֹ
ֱǣ׹Թ
׹ͶһЩԭ޷תʶͣϣǱʵǿ󣬺ٺͻԹȴͬǰ˴ԹԺԹ죬Ըֻأ֮ʵǿ󱨸ࡣ
֮ǵĻ޷⣬ֻҹߣؼһЩϢ
Ϣ𽥶С
ЩǲϵϵΪϢΪǧΪ飬Ϊꡣ
ǰֻԹ飬ǧ꣬Ѿɱ࣬ǵԹѪǣʵ
ԹϣɢǿԹ֮Уһ˫۾˸ŵ׹⡣
ǧԹʵε֮ǿһ޵߸޷ɱǡȻԹɱ޵Ҳһ׵£Ͼ޵϶зͷЩԹ鼫ΪµĶ޵޷սʤԹ飬Ҳʩչ뿪
ԹûʲôøУΪԹ鲻һĶα˼䣬ûгֵ˼һȥˣѾõҪĶˣ뿪ɣ
ʲôˣûȷɱԷ֮ǰȥЩ¡
ֻԹΪȻͣϵԹΪŨؿ룬޵ߣñҵ¡
Ҳû£ֻҲ뿴ĸҵѡ
Թ飬һһٵ˵ֱ˿̣Ѿû̫ɱԷͷк֮£͵οһֻԹ顣
ϲûͷųϢֻԹȻҲ֪Ϊͨ޵ߡ
ԹһЦЦǲмΪѵܶԸһԹηЩ޵ߣҿǧϵԹ飬ΪԸңǿ뿪Ҳĺ˵ȥ
˵꣬ӰһΪһԶȥ
ԹĹ൱˵ãٶȿľˣգۼ뿪С塣
뿴Թȥķ򣬺ԥ׷˹ȥɱԹ飬Ȱ˵뿪ԹǿаĴڣȻÿɱˣҲἸɱһΣȡϵľѪΪΪаһЩԹ˵Ļǡ
СɽϣľïܣΧϢΪԿֻԹƽ
Զһɽɽڰ׹ɭɭĹ۶ѻһ
Թɽͣؿ׷룬޵ߣ㲻Ҫ̫֡
ͬͣԹţֻҪ뿪Ҳᶯ㶯֡
ɲԺ뿪ٵ˱ֻԹɱ
Թ룬뿪ǲܣҲµĲǵɱһðɣ
΢΢һ㶣ֻԹԴ¾ȻϤȵزõ¶֪һ£Ӧңھ뿪ô
Թ飬ȻûаЦ˼
ԹһЦɳƣ㲻ҴӦ֮󷴻𣿡
ɫûκα仯㡣
Ҳ㡣
ԹȻ֣ŷŭԹޣн죬ǰ޵ͣҳΪԹһҾͲ޵ߣЩһֱڰϣһϵʱɱе޵ߡ
ǧԹ飬Ϊȷʵµ޵߸Ƕ֡
Թ꣬ܳΪԩ꣬˵壬ǿǰ֣µ˵Уԩ꣬ͨΪ죬˼޵߳ӵǿķ֡
ԹͷųŨԹҲһû뵽ֻԹԹȻǿȳ̶ȡ壬ԹӰ£΢΢Щ屾ܵķӦ벻ȻӵΪ
ԹһЦСӣ㵹ùɱһ࣬ȴϱ
˵ٶ˶٣ּ˵һˣ˽һˣҪе޵Ϊᡣ
ϣԹӣٵ
Ƭ̣һԹγɵĺɫСԹǰֻһ٣Сͷڵһ㣬뾶ֱȥ
СٶȺܿ죬ϢѾԹʹʩչҲԹʶӦΧֻԹȻһ꣬ȻûûгΪԩ꣬ΪҲԶԸ˵ġ
ԹĹɫȻ˫֮һȵĻͷŶ˲γ̫ͬʱҲʩչУն굶Ȼ֣û߶죬˷ܡ
ԹγɵСײһֻ촫ۿɼٶʧţСȴû̫ı仯ƲǰС˻ڵķֱؿڡ
ն굶Ȼͷųҫ۵ĺڹ⣬ȻСն¡
¡
һ죬ð̳һӴĳն굶С˲Ӵеն굶ַȥҲһڵ㵹˳ȥײ˼ڴֵľ¡
ֻǽǣһʹڵֻвһ㡣
ѵվ˵ֻؿһƣһѪ˳
ԹԶԶĿ룬һ٣ǷɵһԵն굶˹ȥƬ̣žһСӣ벻лķΪٸһЩһ治Ķ֡

˵Թ黰͵һתЦ˵ΪԶвĻǣɾԩ꣬ʱʹڵ޵ߣҲδɱҡ
ӴԹֶȥ
뱻Թֻ֣ñϢƤٵۣҪ壬ǲ֪ʲôԭ򣬾޷֡£Թ龪ɵôܣΪβԹɣ
Ȼ֪ôˣ֪ԹûʲôЧӴó鵤£ȴ鵤ѾˣһơоֻһһЦȻˣ鵤ûˡ
ԹһһǰֻһֹǣɢڵĹâСӣıµСԹȻ޷ɡûҿ㻹κҶǹԹԵķֵ˵һʱˣĻǡ
΢΢һЦͬĵ˵˭˵ûͲܶˡ
ϣȻһѪĳָԹ顣
ߣ
Թ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦôǵΪҲԸ𣿡


095 Ӱ
УѪĽϺ
һӴаӽɢΧ֮аӰ£Ȼۿɼٶȿٱͬ
Թɫһ䣬ôܣôҵıԴǰѷʲô
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Թ鲻Ҵ⣬ϴһ־Ϣæǰֹģķӭȥ
¡һ죬ֹǷײһ𣬲Ӵĳ
ٴ뵹ɶڿһתȵڵϡ
ϣѪĹâ֣΢΢Щ
ԹǼھ޴»Ϊĩѩ׵ĹǷ۴ӿз׷Ʈ¡
һ棬ֹǷ㱻١
ôܣôܻҵķ
Թûиղǰ򶨣иǾ
ؿԹ飬ûвܵ£ΪȻδɱҡ
˵һɱҲ˼֣Ҳ֪޵֮便ʲô£Ҫɱңеķͬͬ⡣
ԹЩˣûзŹ˼ЦСӣΪߣСҵҪжı¡
תһ̴һŨƮڡ
ԹϺڹһһɫСᦸǰĿ£ڹǺзΧĿޱȣһ̬ĹӺ˳Щ˫ۿնצ˳
ʱôɫ䣬еٻӶȫ˲뵽ڣֻͺһѪն
շ𣬶ԹķһӡڣһѪĹâͷŶȻԹ顣
Թɫһ䣬һЩʱǰֵӭĺ⡣
һһɢڿУűڶ
תۼ䣬ԹǰĹһʣۿҪԹǰ
Թ龪һӴ֮ǰγһ֣Ҫĺ⡣
һ죬㴩˻ֵķֱԹ塣

ŨУһнУΧ˲ȥ
ҲʧȥԣڿҡҡλΣƺʱڵϡ
ɢ뿴Թģһ
Թ鲢ˣһŮӣòʹͳҲѷ
Թ꣬Ѿ壬ͷǻû⣬Ĳλһ
ǧ塣
ԹؿһȭͷСѪֻ֪ԹղŵĻģΪȷʵѾꡣһֻӽԹ飬н޵ߵΪڵаԿƶԷĵһͱԷɱˡ
ԹʱܵΣڵûٻ£ؽз˳ڵС֮Թ鲻ô£ɱԷ
Сӣ㱾µСȻƳҵķ
Թžϣһŭ죬Ҫɱ㡣
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ԹһЦɢٴۣڸǳžӣڿһתǺٴδҪ֣ʲôЦСӣһ£浽´μ㣬顣
˵꣬ԹһԶȥ
ؿԹѣԹԩ꣬ʱɱԷνȵ컹ѡ
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Թȥķ뼫Ϊʣûа취̾ϢһصСڡ
ɵļң󷨣뷿ڣƽ£һ
뻹ֻԹõɽ֮ƣص͵Ϯˡ
õ󷨣Ȼֹ˽룬Թ˵ȴû˿ãֻʩչһ򵥵ĵ׵Ƴ
ڣɢ΢Ĺâϡ
ɫ쳣԰ף·ֽһ㡣
һߵǰǵ˵ղôˣ
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벻÷˵ģû£ǻȥɣ
ʱҲѾղŷҲ֪һЩ˿̿ɫޱȹ
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һ·ϣǰ棬ߣʲô˺
ԺУʵ룬Ժ뿪𣿡
ʹʹ
뿴϶˵ᣬԺһ뿪
ƭʵ˵е뷨ܸоЩһֱչңǲһˣ޵ߣԶһСׯ
ɫȥȻ֪ô˵ԷĻ󣬻Ǿ絶һܣҲ֮룬Ĳûʲôֵĵط𣿡
е˼ԲʹһɵҲ
̾ϢһԺеˣȽȥˣǶ˵һᡣ
úһҸһӣ֪ǲܵ£Է޵ߣΪ˶Ů˽
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̧ͷźǿգòſڵҶף֮Ĳܡ
֮˫ʪˣŬĲԼ޳룬ġ
ϵҪ˵Ļˣ˵ھ뿪
𣡡
һץסļ򣬿Ҽ𣿡
ҡҡͷУҪߡ
ѾˣϻָԺ󣬾Ҫ뿪ֻԹѾ˳ޡߣʱǣһӵˣֻҵֻԹ飬ĵطƽ¡
֪е뷨Ϊһ̾Ϣһ룬㿴޵𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ʶڷһɨȴַֻһľԵ޵и޷ȴôΪֻҪֻҪԵˣһϵĵ
һ£ҡͷû޷
޵֮˿νһñ֮ءɲ뿴޵ߵķ֮£ΪһЩԭȥ뿴򵥵Ĺһ
̾Ϣһ̧ͷһۣãȻת򷿼ȥ
ת˲䣬һỬ£ڵС
һȻƺûпһ̧ۣͷǿա
ǰʱįʱ򣬱ϲ貵ҹաЩǹ⣬ܾЩǹڰϵĵ壬ǿЩ꣬ʲôҲûΪǵ忴׶ȥʱȴô¡
ʱһ˹ô㿴޵𣿡


096 
ѰȥվǰһڴĿ
ʶڷһɨ뼸ߵǰ
Ϊ֮ߣҪʯⶨһۿԷӵеԣҲϵ޵߲žе
ٵ൱Ȼסԣǰ߹ߵľˣϵķҲǾŴߵһ
ԭԲϣĻ󣬼쳣˫΢΢زңӵԣ
ͷһԴһЩ
ĵ֪Եȴ̵һЩ
㣬ĿԴҵ
룬һ˷ܵʵ
ͷھ͸һЩ
˵ţʼٽ޵İء
ٵʲ򵥵˵һˡ
ִӻǳһЩҩݸ٣Щҩÿһöʮ֮ڣӦ۳
˫ֲĽӹҩȻڵϣʦͽһݡ
δȷٹ£һӣһŷվҪ¹ҲʦллһЩӦõõĶ
˵⻰߽䣬ֻһȻķվſڡ
峿ڷڣɫæԺȥʰæʵ磬ȥˣ
΢΢һ㣬Ҳͣתôûһ𣿡
ļǵãڸҩ֮󣬱˷ķ䡣
ҡҡͷȥ֮󣬾Ī˯ˣһֱ˯ڡ
õĻ̾Ϣһ޵ߵͨȻ֪һ˳˯ʮּ򵥡
ˡ
ٲƭã˵ʵ
ԭأÿնһ޵ķ򣬾þõĵͻء

̾Ϣһߵõǰĳ˵Сã޵ߣǷˣһˣһҲûһýɣ͵һΣˣһЩҪ¿ġ
磡
ٵڸĻĳҭţκį
һʱ󣬷ӱߣһǰĻзһ˴ڼ벻ʶһǰӱߣ㿴վںӰߣ߹ȥкɣͦİ
תҲˣ΢΢һ㶣ʶʵû𣿡
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һ΢Цŷû£Ҷϰˣ򲻵Ϻʵ
رᣬϺӣδӱߣЦˣûС
˵⻰Ȼһ㱻ӰߣڵһĻ󣬶ʱŴͣʧôܡ
ͬʱҲĿɿڴһš
ڣһϺоȻмɫ㣬£ŽɫĹâ
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097 뿪
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098 
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099 ɱ
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֮󣬰ʶ뵽УȴȻûѵҲ²ˡ
봺ĵӴóһö۳һЩĩۺǿʶϡ
ĵķĩһһ˵ʶϣʧ
벻ˣӴóƹƿЩһֱǰ¸ˣôʱ䣬ʶɢٵ޹ƿǿʶʶ뵽ƹƿ֮ڣȴһƬޣʲôҲûС

̾Ϣһ֪Ѿˣʶû¡
Ŷ֮ڣһʱЩΣΪ˾ȴûо
ѵȥȴΪ
ΪԼǿǿһЩ¸ᷢ
ţӿǿԿʵ
ʱռ䴢Уһ΢ңҺܡ
Щ΢룬Ҳ֪۷ġ
۵ճ֣ǿҲˣģңôôܡ
ͬʱô㣬㣬ʲô
Уۺǿ˴ĵǵʶ쳣΢΢޷ƻǵĵز
ʶ뵽УȡһЩҩ۵ϣЦŵ벻Ҳû
⻰Ƕǿ˵ġɱǿɱ֮ȴеòκκôȳֺõ飬ǲȥ
ǿеõ޹ƿķٴöԷĺá
ʹɱǿҲûκʧ
ϸǿһۣСӣԵʲô
΢΢һЦĵ
ɫֱ䣬ʲôʧ˵ʲôĵǲ˳ȥҲղܵĵҩ𣿡
˵֮һôܵõ켶ĵҩҪ֪ʹ磬ȵҩҲԻá
֪ⵤҩȴû뵽Ҳ˹άæʵĵôǿ
۰ڰֹ֣ǿֱǿĲǵҩ㲻ֵ֪ҩʮѣҪžŰʮһҩģÿһҩĶܳ˳һ֣ҩԾͲˣɱεĶҩ
˵۶һ£ּ˵֮⣬ⴺĵĽҩҲѻãͬҪžŰʮһҩģƵʱ򣬻Ҫ֮زܻñˮֻˮҲܽĵĸá
Ҳû뵽ĵȻơ
ۻû˵꣬·ʲôٺһЦСӣлֵҩ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣۸ղŵЦʵ̫֪оʲôһ£ʲô
۸һҪĵɫԺ㵽磬ܲһöǸҩ
ﵤҩһЩûнҩҩУûнҩ
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Ļ֪۴ʲôע⣬ҿԸ㵤ҩУʲôô
æ˵ô϶УֻҪԺҰþŴ顣
Ŵ飿
еķ飬ͬйϵ𣿡
ۺٺһЦȻйϵŴ鼴ʹҲǧ󣬵ҷ˺ܴ£ŴŪһö
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⻰˵̫٣ţôӵô̬Ķ
Ҳ֪˵Щ󣬼Ĭתƻ⣬Сӣ㿴ô
ֲ£뵱ȻֻܾҪܸŪö飬ҿԸһöĵ
ǿ켶ĵҩԺõĵطܶ࣬ŪҪĶ˵ʲôҲۡ
Сӣ㵽׸ҳԵʲô
УǿϢأŭ
ۺ֮䴫˵ǿȻû
Ҫ˵һԵ۵ԵĿ켶ĵҩ
ߣ
ǿһţŭ켶ĵҩһöǼѻãСУҲܸҳԡ
ʵ룬㵱ɵ켶ĵҩȻûȥܡ
ָоôЩƣ
ǿţ۵Ļȴɱ˵ĳ嶯
ۿǿܵӣЦֲ֧Եĵҩȷʵ켶ģǴҩ
ʲô
ǿǿʶܣʧҳԵǴҩ
һȻͷǴҩ㲻һʱڽʹ֮Ҳɢ
ǿһҧгݵӣŭСӣҽҩ
ʶһΪһӰǿǰҩԣиҪ󡣡
ʶûӰǽ޵߲ӵеͨӰȻбһĹάֵʱֻ̣ܶһʱʱ䡣
ӰûʮѣʶҪĺܸߣһ޵߶ֻе˺ڣʶǿĽڶ޵߲ǿʩչʶͽڶ޵Ҳ٣ȻҲʩչ֡
ûӰǿɫһ䣬ʧܣôҲﵽڵΪ
뵭ȻһЦƽ˵ûвܵ飬ˣڵļֵ󡣡
ǿ֪Ѿ»ƹƿϵɫЦ㲻ɱңûƹƿʹ÷ɣ
ûж˵ϻֱӵһλᣬ
𣿡
ǿѡ񣬼ʹҲǿӦֻǹһЩ
ǿҲûˣʲôѷ֮󣬵ϣܸһʹ졣
һͷŶǿϣֻ촫ǿĻǱȵĻ»ҷ
ɱǿ۵˸㣬ôණȵԺٺʣ޷ṩɿϢòһЩĶʲôĺӦñ
˵꣬һʧڿռ䴢С
һƵĿΧҩģò˵һ䣬ôǿû뵽Ҳһǿˣʲô˶С





101 
һ޼ʵɽУŲּ䣬˫ŲҶϣɳɳ졣
ļϣվһֻɫССɱõֻ
ԭ벢ΪɫСûж׼ȥ
СλӸϣ뿪һƺϲһ
Ȼһֻû̫Сܣ͸СֳܱһЩǿĹֶΣԸߡ
СߴߴĽиͣһſڣ³һɫߵľ
¶Ȳߣͬζ̫ԶֵǣǻľϣľȻ˲仯Ϊҽ
ôһС࿴ˣ׼ιһʱú
ԺҪǸұѣҾͰεȫë
ͣ壬ԼϵĺɫС񣬶ݺݵ˵
֣СģȻôΪȽʺϡ
Сȫëͨ죬ǡ֡
󣬶ߴߴĽиͣдŲ
ȻܸӦĲ˵ɱԭˣҲᱳǲǣ
΢΢һ㶣ɫС۾ǾȣȻû뵽Ļ
ڿ˵ͷߴߴĽεȴͿ
ЦЦֻҪ㲻ңǲģˡ
˵⣬̾ϢһĻûм˵ˣ𱳲ûκ壬ʹΡ
ʱһʵˡ
һ죬ϣܹ뿪ǲǱѣ
룬һ붼ɱĶ֣ܹ
ܱ𣬻ɵͷսǲ޴ʲô
벻һ޴ˣϣԼ޴Ĳ֪
һεĲ񷣬նȥȴ۵СӣֻŪģ
۵Ǿ֮ɫһЩơ
뿴һۺ𣬶ʶֻС񣿡
һ̹ۻΪһӰǰһ𣬵ҲµòӦǻ񡣡
񣿡
Ժгһ޴ʺţδ˵
һȻӣ֪οǼ񵽱ˣ𣿡
ĴгôݣʶѾָ˲٣ѾӴʶûΡ
Ļздš׳ա֣ϻҲޱǿޣϵкܹսʤ
˵˶٣һתֻޣֻа
ȷʵҲоˣĻȻ޵ȴ˺
룬û£ΰķڣޣҲǿĴڡ
֪ڴţʵأ

㣬ܼ򵥣򵥵Ҷ˵
㻹˵ɣ
ô򵥵⣬Լȥ𣿡
ܡ
ôô
ұͲ

ЦЦ޵ķ𣿡
۵ͷŵ˵ȻУֻⷽʵС
Ϊʲô
ʶʵ
̾Ϣһ˵޵𣿡
ȵҩȻ˵Ϊ޵켶ĵҩֻҩѾʧꡣ
˵У޵൱ѣҩĿ졣
˵ֻҪ㹻޵Ҳʮ
ʮޣ
ֻӼȥԾˣ˵ʮ޿Ժһ硣
ȻʮҲԷе磬Ժ޵ϢȫʧתϢ
˵޺޼ûֻһϾһ
ϣޱٵĶ࣬޵еһ򲻳һ
ޱҳ϶Ҫߣһ˳Σʱ޼ᱳѣȴֻͬȥĺŻᱳѣ߶뿪ȻһЩദʱ䳤ޣȥҲͬھ
޵ϢԺһʵ޵ҩ𣿡
ۺٺһЦ漴˵һƲѵĻûС
ûУ
벻ƣһ٣סĵĳ嶯û㻹˵
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Ѿ֪ۻе˼ˣңȥ֮԰Ū޵䷽
ĵ˵ͷһ˷ܵ˵Сӣҷʵ̫ˣ㣬кܴܻص硣
볤һӣһͷŶۻصռ䴢Уȥʲôʱ޵䷽Ҳŷ
Сӣ㲻ô̡
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һۼϵĺأǺһ𣬻ǽУ
ղӰӣһĻæߴߴĽдſȻҲڴС
룬Ϊ˰ȫڼ䣬㲻ܺһ𡣡
ȺشͬķʽŽ촢С
˿̣촢ǰ࣬һǬһʶٶȣò˶ñܽɿռϾʶҪһ޵ǿ࣬Ȼ̫
ȻˣǾȥɣ
еŵͼȥܵõأҲС
֮һڣʼͼϵĵط
ˣûһ֪ͼϵĵط벻ɻѵͼϵĵطط
ջķУóرͼϸĿûκη֡
⣬͸ڵͼϣͼϵͼɼ
ſţͻȻӦͼɢһɫĹߣһûڵͼ֮ڡ
һֱڿеĲرͼ޷ֲرͼɢһ˿â
ѵͼ
뵽һ뵽ͼϣͼϻƹָ
ţ
üͷٴƹָֺֻԭģ
ͼϣûа仯ɽҲûаı䡣
ѵղŸӦˣǹⷴγɵģ
òرͼΧһɨȴûпκηĶﲻ
ŪرͼϵĵطӵвرͼҲ޷ǰȥ
밵˼ţѵȥϣԼȥͼϵĵط
뵽ҡҡͷУ˵ǲңңҲܴȥ
ӵвرͼȴ֪ȥڱʹ¡
ɫԽԽ̫ջصһ˿رڰ֡
ʱеĲرͼͻȻ
ڰУɽͻȻС֣СϵĹʮ΢ģģƺʱɢ


102 
ɽ
رͼϳֵ֣ɽ֡
һûŲرͼڣʲô취ּڶûٳֹ
ѲرͼսУתջȥ
˵ҪʳɽģӦòѡ
ǣ뷨ˣҴúףʱ˳ڴССĵ̣ûһ֪ڵĵطЩʶ룬½ôʱ䣬δ˵½һɽ
ʲɽһƣҪصջʱ֮һƾ衣
̧ͷʶɢ漴ʩչ׷ȥ
һƬڣһŮڣתѣΪҪ׷СŮӣ
ŮӣȻʶǷֱ𲻾õı
һľ뻺˳Цŵӣ벻ˡ
룬΢΢һ㶣ʧ㡭
һЦǲ˵ôû
Ļɫ쳣ѿתƻô
˿̣ɫһЩ԰ףûŮװɫڷ趯
뿴˱һۣһԣȻʣֻ֪һط
ʲôط
ĻѾʲô˵ֻҪ֪ĵطһ㡣
ɽ
תű
¶һȻ˵ɫ벻ҵرͼܣֻҺ֪ɱģ
Ϊ֪һȻ˽룬Ϊɱ
һЦͼϵıǣѾҵˣҵͼʱҲûʲôİɣ
Ǹʱȷʵûģ֪бµıǣ޷ȥֲĶµͼвŲĶԭѵͼһݣǿм£ȴãǵͼԺۼٺҲ޷ǵá

ҲǸҵˣͷ޻㣬û뵽Ȼɱᡣ
û޷Ȼĳ
ûϼ˵ȥֻҪңɽˡ
üͷû̻شĻƬ̺˵ҿԸɽľλãҪӦһ¡
һȥ𣿡
Ѿ뷨ʵ
ͷûȤҺõ
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룬ԣȥ·ϣ뱣֤ҵİȫ
ɫһΪǰȥɽҲûиõİ취ҿԱ㣬ǿĵˣҲɵͶԷƴ
ĵߣΪһɵա
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˵˼䣬ʵھȥ𣿡
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ʶɢӦΧû޵ߣָԶһɽȥɣ
ȥ
˳ķȥʵȥʲô
һ˵ȫһЩ
һЦٶʲôãûи󷨣ûáǿߣڶڣʱҪ뿪ѡ
ڰ֣ңҲᡣ
½췽½ͬƬ½ϣ޵ߺ֪󷨡
ʹһЩ޵߾ʱо󷨣󣬺ãֻһЩͨ޷ȥ
һ£֪е˼ȻˣҰ㻤
ͷ漴ҵһյأȶ֮С
Ӧһ˿΢ʶΧĿ֪߮ûȫڻָʱȻھ״̬Ҳǣǲ棬ôţͬҲű
һҹ޻
峿ڵϣһͷϴµ󣬶߰ɣ
ͷһͨķǰ
ǷǻŵͨÿӶһѡ
ɫ΢΢һ㶣ƺû뵽һڵ޵ߣȻóͨȴû˵ʲôڴһģһСɵǰͨɫʮ־ɣŸӵ·ʽЩơ
ʮ㣬Ҳ٣Ȼһͦķ
໥һۣŸԵķƿնȥ
ڿз˴Լҹ峿һɽС
ɽУһ޴ׯ԰ϡĽС
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ݸһЦʵôҲȥȥɽ𣿡
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ƺ룬͵ԭֲǱǱڵĹȡ֡Ƭׯ԰ҵϼңҴСֱǱߣҡ
˵̾ϢһκȥνǾһҲ֪ܲٻصҲΪһ̯ʬǣԶɽУʱűɻ
ɫЩ˸УҲЩΣֻԶԶؿżһۣһ۾͹ˡ
̾ϢһѾӦׯ԰һʮŮӣڻ԰УաŮȻһƣòϿʱһƯͱȷʵЩơ
룬˵޵Ϊʲô
룬ͻȻʵ
⻰΢΢һ㶣˵ΪΪԼÿ˶ԼĵͬĿ겻ͬ
Ǻǣ
һЦʲôĵʲô
صڼžڣȴû˻ش
ʲô
Ҳ֪ʲô
ңе뷨ŬʵԼ롣
⣬ĵ
紵΢΢еĵˡ
һʱ䣬붨ľ磬ֻеֻԼ롣
ԭڲ׵ĶһʱȻʣ۽𵤣Ѱҡ
ؼ䣬ӴȻڵĵط漴ȻһԺС
ϣԭصϢͻȻͷŶߵıʮ֮⡣
ϢһűգʧӰ١
˽ڵĵ壬һͻ˽𵤳ڵΪڣΪ˲ࡣ
һĻĻ֪ʲôʱȵŴ͡
һҲʲˣȴûм仰ĸ
Ҳûʲôµǽ봫˵е붨״̬˲Ϊʶ
ʶڶ֮ǿ࣬ԺԪӤ޵ĳ̶ȡ
˺ˣȷʵûȣСַ´ĵҩһǰڡ
ǰλ룬ʮңΪΪô죿
̾Ϣһ߰ɣ
һУָԶһɽͷ˲ˡ


103 â
ԶдľɽͷϣȻתۼͱǰ
˵װһޣͬĵۣͬһѳֻǵؿڴһɫĹֻĴָСдűСӣͬǰĹʹЩơ
˵䶼ֻʮңǵΪȴڽڡ
Ȼֻǽ𵤳ڣһ³ˣ뾪Ȳѡ
Ͼ޵ĸֲ࣬维ţҲû˶Ľڸ֡
οǰɱһˣˣ޵ߡ
һ޵ִֻ߽ķݣھжٸ֣
ԪӤ޵ж٣
޵ж٣
뵽벻һϾĻţֻһڵ޵ߡ
Ƭ½ͬ췽½ȣŨ٣Ϊ˶޵ߣ
ѵ޵߷ͬ췽½ͬ
ֻߣԭ
ʱҲزȥЩԭоҲż
ɱĿű֪ɱʱЩ˲֪
ͷӣŨüۣò㣬ƿʵȻΪűЩȵ˵ӣҵǿ㲻ڶʦֵ׷ɱɱʦֶ֡Σù֪֪᲻ɸ㡣
⻰ȷЩ˲֪ɱһ¡
һЦûн͡ﵹɱɱֶûκ壬ʵʵ˵ǰЩ˲Ź⵽ŭˣУǺȰǻȥŮˣҲôɱġ
вмЦһ£ȻûаѱĻɱʦ֣Ҳɱǡ˸㣬ճʱѾ֪ͨʦֻ֣Ƭʱ䣬λʦ־ͻʱҲѷɡ
˿ûе֮ɫɫƽ˵Ѫִʮ֣Կǵһγɣ
˵ͻȻЦһ˵ִ֪ܻĻмˡ
ɫͬʱһ䣬˲ûϣƺղʲôҲû
ݶҲһզ࣬ǰЩֵܣĻ»ܱ򶨵Ҳࡣ
һӣ㲻Ҫ̫֣ͬŵķϣǲ֣㻹Ļֵ顣ɱԺѪϴɽׯʱѪȫɽ¡
ɫ΢΢һŭеˣһӿзǸҡ
ЦһЦӣ㲻Ϊλ˼γԵ
˵һ룬˵˵ڹڵʱ򣬶κ˶ûȤһȲˣǲЩӵ޷ܼįˡ
ʼһŮˣûжŮЩܱ򶨡޵ߵȻԺǿǱϾˣֻҪˣͻ㡣ݲκһ
޳ܡ
˵ֺ󣬱ñޱȡ
ɫƽƺûĻһӣ벻Ȼˣȴҳϡ
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гɱ⣬ǿѹеŭ𣬡У벻ˡ
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˵֮󣬿ٵĴɫǰһϺ˵졣
ɫһڱϵɫ壬Ȼȷ
˵ţһһӳϣ軭һֻ޴룬ȫͷ쳤Х
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ȣǰĿȻһӣһȵĻ棬ȥ
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˲δ֣Ǽ֣Ȼͱʶʱ䲻ǿɲΪǱ£һ˻Ϊһѣ½һɱʶˣǲԸ롣
ϾҲǽڵΪҪǶԸһʱںѽ
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ȴûжһӴɢϵ·޷£أԷɫȻ˫սգеķһȭȭ
ȭϣһɫ̫Ȼȥתۼеߡ
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ͬʱ޵ߣҲӶеĳ໥Ź
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һʱ䣬֮䵹Ĳ¡
һߣкˣбΪǵɫ̫Ĺȴû뵽㵽޷ѡʶѱԷæһȥ
ĳΪһ裬ֱȥ
Էĳţһ˳ᢵӡֻкڹһУ˷һĳǰȻұۣǰĳ¡

һ죬һ絶һۣնȥ
ַ룬ڵϡ
꣡
һѪеĿ
ڳеķǿлķڽϵʶȻ˼𵴣ԭҲ֮ͣ
ҲǾȻ֮ˣ٣ǿйͨڽϵһʶٳڡ
Ŀʶߣâͣǰγһ޴̫ͼ
޵߳һᾪ֣ղһ֣޷Ľ
âʵ壬ǰʩչǧٵİ·ˡ
ǽУѽâʩչ̺֮ǿ󹥻
еİ·ˣָǵˡ
Ľâɫ԰ףʧâ۽âʩչȻ˴˵еâ
У˿־֮⣬зּ䣬һ߲ӵʵ
Цһͺһȥ
ǰǧٵâȻеʶ׷ȥ
˶ĽâʹбҪ㿪ҲҪĲֺοһʶ
꣡
âʶֻ׹һʶʧ
˺סΣɵǰɫ̫æ˵ѣһ¡
ʶһеͣɭȻʲôҪ˵ģ
ĴˣеϣȻ˶Էȴɱڴ˿˵ʲôͼɱ֡


104 
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΢΢һ㶣˵ѣǿǱˣΪһѣɲ֮١
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ûеĻһɳȻзȥ
ɢɫâ̫аΧм䣬ֻҪһԥĳ֣˲еϡ
ԼΧеɫֱ䣬Ųѡ
ȵĻ֮Уһѣ½ϣʹâָҲһâǿߣԸ˵âķǿԷλ뿪
ɫһ䣬ɭȻô̸𣿡
æֵѣҵ˼ˣֻһʽס

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ɫ䣬һϸֳһɫĻָ֡һ֣̫ϡ
žડ̫ڻϣַһ죬ѿ
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һȭԼؿڣһھѪ˳еϡ
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һĻŭˣ޼ĴڣȻֻһ˿ʶҲһСС۸ģХһǼڻе˵ʲôƺҪʩչΪǿĵ
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ƺûеĻһϻȼյĻٲȻҪΧһɡȻֻһ׷ɵıȻԳԶŷȴ޷ӳԭʵ
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пνпԣֹͣʧȴûκΰ취ֻĿڵԽԽ١ϵĻ¶ԽԽߣһЦӵõȵʱʦ͸߹ǧʩչŭ
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ĶһֻʲôѵҪԼƴ˲ɣ


105 
ȫ䱸ΪҪʩչǿʱŭһΪһʧԭڵȣһ⣬ڿУϵĹâۿɼٶȥ
Ϲâգӿе䣬ۿҪڵϡ
һУһϯںХУսǬڡ
Χе˵һ㶣ûսһĻȴɵȥȡȿ½ʮ󶥽׷֮һͬǱķܱ˶ȥ
ɫһӰ˸ǰó
ЦһΪȻʵߵĶҪҪȥĵ𣿡
⻰֪벻óȣȻˣҲҲˡ
벢ûаеĻʹȣԷҲ
ȣԷһΣʱƾ£ߵá
ʱԽԽȫ뵽Уһɱ
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ɫȻţǷ߸һâڶԷ֮ʱɱ׷ɱС
пٺˣ֮޷սʤɱֲҶݵ̫ԶǿʮĶ㿪뽫ƣʱҪȣνǳ˵Σ޷ʵ֡
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УֱӰ׵ػƲȥ
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106 
ͱԼԼķڸ߿գŵϿľɫ
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ͷһҹâǷ

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𳤵ֱָŭү棬ҵ뿴ŵıǮģ


107 
ԾٵŭӵĿȻһЦĴһo˳
Ӻر𣬾Ȼټëʣʼⲻ֪úεȲɣ쳣ķ
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ȥ
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룬һɵҩζͻȻʲôʵ굤


108 굤
һЦûлشĻתһǰ·ߡ
ߣһҩ֡
ıû֪ͬ׵ɢǶΪҩϡ
ҩϵΪȻߣһҩǰ޹ˣߣʹЩϵ޵ߣ̸ҩʱҲ̾Ϊֹ
굤ͬ켶ĵҩʮָӣҩѾ޵ʧꡣ굤ȻܳΪ켶ҩϾŲͬã˵굤Ժ۶ôǿĵ޷ʶã޵ֱ߱ԣʧҡ
ҩϷ°ϵĺ룬ϷȷʵƳ굤ΪܽɽѰһʯʮ꣬ۿҪһξѻʯøˡһֱΪˣܰѻʯóϷһ
ҲͷֻҪ㽻ʯҵȿ㰲Ȼȥ
￩һ£ȴûκα飬ղҲˣʯѾˡ
ҩ΢΢һЦһٶ꣬ΪȰϷƭ𣿡
˵һ£ղóöʯֻһƷĻʯӦϣǲǣ
ͫһգһ·𶴴һС
һЦҩϵҩȷʵ´ˣĻʯ
ҩ΢΢һ㶣漴ϾȻöʯ
ûзʵҲǣȻڻʯֽţҸǵһöȷʵǰõģշֵһöȷʵҵϡöʯҲܸ㣬ΪһλǰΪܡ
ҩһʲôǰǣǿɲǱŴġ
˵ţһͷŶеķ죬ڷǰֻ·һ»ʯȥһѣ
Χɱӳ̸ס
ȻҲ޷սʤͬ׵޵ߣô˵ҪȥǶˡ

ҩɫȻ
ã
һ٣ʷɵǰλְɣ
ҩ̾ϢһԾ˵ͷ֣
˸Դ߶˵״ķɢŸɫĹâۿҪȥ
ʱһֹͣɣΪֹ
󣬵ÿ˵һвУ˲
ڣ˵ɫһæΧȥȴǿһˡ
ɻ֮ʱأâǵƾճˡ
Ůľеΰһԡ
ˣͱ
ԺǸ֮ɫͶ˼£һҲû˵
ôĿţţֻбһˡ
֪Ϊʲôȴûҩϵ˵߰ɣǻʯȷʵұܵġ
ҩɫһ䣬˵ʲôȴӦԷɳΪһǰ⡭
ɫ΢΢һôô
ҩһЦԷǽ޵ߣɱɱһ򵥣ֻ˵ҵߡ
˵꣬һȻľ˵ͷ̾ϢһһԱڻеĿԼƿնȥ
˿ֻ̣ʣˣ롢
ûһۣߵǰӣ㡭ˡ
˵ͷɫƽ˵ʯóɣ
Ĵ˫Żʯݵǰӣҡ
ʯֻһƴСʯͷȫɫʯһ覴á
뱾ΪʯͷϻһڷɵľʧˣʲôûС
ֻ벻ףһɫʯΪȡΪʯ
ӹʯĻǼҲҰɣ
û˵ʲôջϵʶݸ
ȺʯУŻ˵Ҫˡ
˵꣬ʲôӴóһԲ״ķݸ㣬ǧ߱ˣң֪ô
ͷűԺ㻹ô
飬㺡
ĿԼ΢΢һ㶣ɫȻ˵ʵֻ㣬һֱƭ㣬ǽ޵ߣ֮䡭
һۣ񣬺˵úչǸŮ
û˵ʲôÿɷĵͷ
ͷĿ˱һۣûñȥˡ
䣬תͷҲصԶȥ
ϣӰôĹµô
ûжôŻȥֱӰʧߵľͷŶ߰ɣ
䲻֪֮䵽׷ʲôӸղŵֻƬбܿ϶˫и顣
¼һ顱֣˭ܶ˭޷˵ȥ
ףΣİ鶼ԭ£ԼС
ǵİ飬ǷԼҸ
뵽ʱòֻζȰ˵Ҳǲʺϡ
⻰˵꣬붼ЩЦʲôʺϣʺϵûȥҲǲʺϡ
ʹʺϵˣܹһһҲʺϡ
鲻ۣɵȥǻǰ
Ƿΰ󣬲ǱǾ顣
һܾܿ飬ȥôǲŻĶʲô氮
޷ˣǸ֮£һ
Ҳĵ壬ֻ׵ڷæкˡ
ЦˣЦôĿɬ૵ûʺϺͲʺϣֻڴʱ˴ˡ
ʵ
̾ϢһҲΪΪɣ˰Ϊˣȱ˸ȥʱˣǵ뷨ˣܷһУߣ򵥵ǻҸ
̧ͷ룬һֱΪһˣȴû뵽˵ĻȻĻеȴҡͷܵģ֪ҷŲ̫࣬˵һ¡
Զò氮
뿴񷣬һδ֪ķȻȻ˵
Ҳһ̾ΣҲɣ
ҡҡͷûȰ˵ȥЩ²˵ԺܹףҪºܽáԲܷ˼Լ⿴Ƽ򵥵⣬һӶ޷еСʶɢȥͻȻ΢΢һЦһ£Ͼͻ
ﲻã˼ңʲôҲʣʶصͷȥɣ㡣
ʱ򣬱ȷʵҪһ£ʡԼʧΪٽһ㡣
ûдűͷΪһ⣬Զ
Ŷ⣬˫УȻ䣬ʲΪ飬磬˭ġ
ƮƮڶỬ£䳾ҪҪҸȴһһ鿪Ҳ޷ԭֻѵоþõػص
޵Уһ仰޵氮
ʵ⻰˵Ĳ޵ϾΪֲͬͬ뷨ͬʹҲ޷һ
ͬʱȴְ֮⣬Զȥľ˿׷ȥ


109 ҩ
˼ΪƣòҵһʯϸƻһǱˡ
ˣǻ˷˰ö굤
ҩϣҲû뵽
̾Ϣһҩϡ
ҩɫȻǴУԼһ˿źˣҲעҲȥɽ
ߵҩϵߣǰǲֻɽУط١ȥˣǵ޷ˡ
ҩ̧ͷ񷣬ԭϵһ˲øӲϣϣͷϸŵ⡣ΪߣֻڣʣµʱѾ࣬Ȼ֪ȥɽһȻȻǰȥ
޵˵ޣĵ·ϵ¡
ҩ޷Ƴǵֻź֮һһźǵ֮ǰһҩȥ
ҩϲûһͽܣ²ԸΥôȻδһʵˡǶҩûȤʲУҪΪһЩԭ޷ߣͬѧϰҩ

뵽޽ҩϾ͸оһַĵб鲼ȫ
˺ҩദҲжʱգ֪˿ʲôͷûȥ
ʱһ΢紵һӰǵǰ
ӰֵϢƾճһ㣬ûһ֡
̧ͷղ΢紵ķȻһ
Ϊ뿴һˣһ΢Ц
ﾪѣڵΪȻһҲûоЩ֣ԷΪߴʲô̶ȡ
뿴Էòһʧǰǰôˣ
Ļ˵ע⣬˳žԷɫͬѿ
һ޵ͻȻضĿģǿɲΪΪǸ߳޵ͬ˵ǸΪôԷע⡣תһ룬ҲûʲôֵǮĶҲһڵ޵ǰ١
ͻȻֵ޵ߣ룬ﵱȻһĿġ
ɻ֮ʱҩϴȺ˳ߵǰҵİɣ
쳣
ͬûڳǰļӣ˵ȷʵġ
ҩϵͣϣã˵Ҳҩ
ҡҡͷ㲻ϣҩЩоˡ
Ǻǣ
ҩϵȻһЦתԾ˵ߣҵȥǡ
ɫһ䣬æ˵ҩϣǲвˣǺƴˡ
ţһѱҩϣԱ΢ЦʹˣﻹǱʶΪҩܵԷв
ҩϰڰ֣һصĵɫСһҵθڣ߰ɣ
Ȼ˵ţ˵Сһֵʱɫδһ¡
ҩɫδ䣬˵ȴˡһڵ޵ߣȻҳƺ޵ΪСһʹԷСҲࡣ޵Զʵ˵ĵطʵʵǿǰԶ޷¶߸ϵһ档
˿벢ûΪҩϵĻŭһŵܻ
ҩϣǡǱߵˡ
룬ָԶһɽͷ
ҩϵͷһصĵ񣬳ȥɣûµġ
ȥҩ϶΢΢һЦСС;ȻƳ켶ҩ
һȴûκα仯ҩϣΪһ˵
ҩϺǺһЦҩ꣬Էܲ켶ĵҩһ۱ܿϣһֻҩֲγɵƣɢȻܶ϶ƹ켶ҩǻֹһΡ
￩һ£ҩȻΪߣһҩˮƽȴСƬ̹ĽӴԷȻϿôණǶˡ뵽˵ҩϣȻ֪ҶҩоǾʹ촰˵ɣ
ҩϵͷϷҲд⡣
˵ţĴɳһͨ巢Ƶ鼮
鼮ķϣɷĸ֡ҩ䡣
ܳΪΪҩ鼮бضſžҩʧҩء
ҩó鼮ɫ˲ȻⱾҩ䣬ʦң½ȫҩĺ͵ҩ䷽ϧһķҩϣֻƳ򵥵굤켶ҩûһƳɹ
˵̾Ϣһ
ҩϵУĿΣʵ֪ҩ켶ҩԭˡ˵Ϊûдﵽǰ൤ҩ𣬼ʹһЩҩģΪҲԻá
ΪԽҩģԽڼΪ֮ء
ʶҩûǿʵܣʹҲаɾ͡
š
ҩϰҩݵǰƵ˵ССͱΪԺسɴҿеĻҩϵʣⱾҩ䣬ֻ꣬еİءʱֻҪϹãƵҩҲΪ
뿴һҩϵҩ䣬ջҪ˵ĶӴóƿҩݸҩϣ㣬ҲЩ
˵꣬һƿҩɵҩϵǰ
ҩϳһӣҩƿУһƿڱǰ˼¡ʼûôϣΪԷڴҲóֵ̫ߵĵҩǵʵҩƿŨҩȵɫȻһ䣬ҩƿҲò⣬⾹Ȼյ
ҩ΢΢ſͣһŵĿź롣
΢΢һЦôҩҵĶ̫ô

ҩæ֣ôصĵҩҲҪ
˵ţҪ롣
Ǻǣ
ûȥӵҩ˵ҩϣҩϲƣ㹻ҩģһƵĻҪá
ҩûзڱķˣƵҩϣΪֻҪ㹻ĵҩʹ켶ĵҩҲȫƳϧҩ̫ѻã㾡һӵʱҲֻƳһö켶ĵҩ
뵽һƿյҩɫֱ䣬Ҫϵҩҩ½ϣ˵ҩˣҩģҲΪѻáʶŻ͵ҩʵ̫ˡ
ҩ䣬ҩϣҩȻ󣬵ҩȲʲô𣿡
ҩ̾ϢһǸˣҩҾˣԵܼ档
ҩƾյͻƿԪࡣ޷ƣ֮֮ʱ
ͷҩϣҲϣ֮ܺҩİء
ҩѺõЦЦӦȥɽİɣ
ɫƽǺһ
Ⲣʲôֵ£ûзϣͷҩʲôҪ˵𣿡
ҩϿ룬쳣أȥɽȥһǲݵҩġҩĵӣҩмء
˶٣˵ܳһţϣܴһǲݸңұԸһö켶ʥҩ
ʥҩ
󣬲һ켶ĵҩкܶ࣬ܳΪʥҩİٲһ
켶ʥҩ޷µҩĴڣ˼䴫˵е˶׹ǡ
ҩһ˫ɫʶĵͷҩϣԣһһ׹ǲݻ
ȴҩһŵ
ҩ΢΢һЦȻ֪ǽɽ޵ߣǧָܹųܴǲݡ뷨ЩˣܱȺϣҪõĶ࣬ƿʱ


110 ԪӤǿ
õҩ󣬱뿪ˡ
һ뿪ʱվԭأ·һһȻʵõˣ
Ȼ鲻ãҲ֪ȥĿġ
˵ͷ߰ɣȥɽ
ƿնٵķеĲ֮ϡ
λ½Ķ棬ɽڵĵطֻ費յ·̡
һ죬ʣƣһĺӡ
ȴû鿴Χķ羰Ȼڸ߿շУһʶȴ봢Уоҩ䡣һҩĻۿһᣬ̲סʵСӣⶫĵõģ
ٵĿҩ䣬˵һ޵õģôˣ
ۺٺһЦСӣֻñˣҩ俴ƽأǴ½ϼѵõҩǼʥҩǿɱҩˡҪǰǸǵƶɣһͬȼ޵߸޷˵㡣
󣬵һ˱̬ĵҩϾȻҲ֡
ѹĵļҩҲо
۰ڰ֣Ц˵ʱȥЩ߰ҩķУߵģҲŲȥʲôҩ
˵˶٣˵һЩҩȴĶҩҲˡ
ûشרĵĿҩ䣬۵ôСӲҪоЩɣ
뿴һۣ¶֮ɫôҩʲô𣿡
ٺ٣
۹ܵЦЦҩûʲôԣҿе㷴ЩҩƳɲסҪ׼Щ亱ҩģãе׼ڵΪҪõҿϣ󡣡
˵Ҷףֻоһ¡
ЦЦҩ̫ѻãҲɵȥѰЩҩġ
һĳ˵ô룬Ҿͷˡ
Ŀһ˵Ŀǡ
һۣ˵ʲôͻȻܲԶһӴĳæӴջʶ
˿̣ҲһɵĿΧպϵ۾㿴ˣ
뿴ҩʱ򣬾ͰһʶڱϣԼУɴ˷򣬶󲿷ֵľҩϡʶ֪Ĳֻ࣬һЩŵĸӦղţ͸Ӧ巢ʲô¡
˱һûп񣬵ղŷʲô
ӱԿʶӦˡ
ͷղǿ޵ڶˡ
˵ţָ̧֣Զһɽ
ʶɢƬɽɽʱһĳС
һƬ޴ɽ壬ɽϵľӴĳѾΪĩֻʣ¹ͺͺʯͷƬʯϣȴ޵ߣΪ֮ϣһ£ò㣬Լʮӣǰһש״ķ
һ޵ߣһɫۣòַͨ˶ﶼ޷ҳ͡ĵЩۣϡܿѪϲ԰ף԰׵ĿѪɫһ˫۾޵ߣ֣ΪʲôҪô
һЦֻãҪһɽ
ɱʶϣֻҪһ˿쳣ɱ֡
̾Ϣһ֣ɫӵʵʶҲмˣΪһʯбҪɱ𣿡
˫ֽŭ󣬸㣬ɱ㲢Ϊ˻ʯһʯɱ㡣
˵˶٣еɱŨ㲻ϲСʦãͱߵôҵŮˣ˭Ҳߡ
ЦˣһЦǣϵƣһѪ˳ȥߵѪǺСʦߵĽҲֻ֮ĹϵҶûаǷ֮룬ûһһ׷ֲǲ֪
ߣ
Цһʲô֪ǰôǲ뿪ǰûлɱ㣬ûȥȱˣľ޴󣬵ǸһᣬղǵûɱҲȻ޴˰ɣ
ȷʵû廹΢΢ĲţûдӴóҩʯΪֲʱָǻɽҰ룬ǰˣҲΪ˾һԪӤ޵ߡ
뵽Цһ漴۾ְɣ
һۣ³һ仰ȥɣ
һǰשϣשʱΪһӰǰص¡
ֻ¡һשҳһ޴ӣӴĳɽͷζɽϾʯ䣬Ƭ̹ϣѶ
ʶһɨȷûаשƿշȥ
ͬʱǧ֮⣬̤ڿУߵıȥ
ղսĳ棬ˣйֵ޵Ҳ֪Χʵͱ߳࣬ûзϣҲûгɱǡߵʱûͱһۡ
ҡҡͷǿǽ޵ߣȥʲôһֻ϶Ҫɱ֣ȥøһֵĻᡣ
ɫֱ䣬ɫ쳣ѿдһ仰Ҫȥȥҿɲȥ
뵭ȻһЦʮֿ϶˵ĺˣˡ
ɫһʵΪʲô
뿴һ۹ȥķ򣬵ûûߵʱôæû£Ϊвڿӿһۣȷûȥ
ʵ֮ҪȥֻΪܾǸ޵߲ûȥ
שϵһ˲䣬оһ΢ͷŶǰѾ˵ûκ˲ͷųΨһĿܾǣйֲ֪ıֶΡ
룬һ޵ڴ֮ǰ˵ְɡ
˵Ҳֵ¡
޵ߣʮа˾Ӷ
ķе룬ǽӽɽˣʲô޵߶֣гڵĸ֣ǻСһЩҪЩ¡
ҿ룬񲻶㡣
ڰ֣˱һصĵɫҲûյ£߰ɣ

̾ϢһǸƬɽȥ
ܸоһߣߣ˵˵ҪȫһЩ
Ƭ̹˱ƬͺͺɽϣټǴʯĿȥ
ԣһӰֻʯѣ䣬һ޴ʯӳ˵С
޿УһѪģӣ
ĽѾ뻯ľ磬ʯȴԷֶΣ½ǿ޵Ҳδıá
ͷң˫۱պϣɫ԰׵ЩˣüͷǿڻǶٵʹࡣϵĵò۰Ǹ۶ϣһذ׹ǴƼ¶⡣ϿڴѪӿٵȾۡ
ǿ״΢ĺǽٳࡣ
к֤ûȥж϶ͨã޵ͬС
ǰһߵߣַϣڵơ


111 Ŀɿڴ
ܵƣ벻üͷƱĻҪ࣬ڵľѾѣԶԸϵ֡ˣĵ֮Уһ˿ûУʶ쳣ڻ֮С
ɫ쳣һߵߣôˣо𣿡
˵ͷҡҡͷȻĿԲ󡣡
˿̲õҩεĻһʱ̺ضȥ
£Ļ̲ס˵ȻһܾȻǾͱˣһ²һ¡
ЦЦתô㲻£
ûзϣͷ·ϵı־Ӧڵˡ
ؿŵһͼһƴСƶ䣬ƶϻһڷɵľ½ǽڱڲ£ûǱʡ
ȴô룬󲢲һˣ½УһѶûУ»ҪŪˣ˵ʲôҲҪҲԺ뿪½Էܰæ
ôţ˵ģа취Ȼ
˵ţһͷŶ壬ߡ
̾Ϣһûж˵ʲôԶɽȥ
Ƭ̹˱ƬɽУһ򵥵ĶȥС
߽ڣһȵĿ룬㻹Ὺٶ
ٶ췽½ֻҪ޵ߣ˶ᣬ½ȴһָĵ½ϵ޵ߺٽ춴һ㶼ɽϽ跿ݣڷֻһЩΪΪŶ˽춴
½ϵζߣٶһԭǱǲ˲󷨡룬һ޵󷨶ᣬٶʲôãͬɽһɽʲô
һɾĵϣ˵ôٶ𣿡
ͷڣ˹⣬˶ûѧٶ㿪ٶ죬ǰӦþٶˣ
˵ɻȻῪٶΪΪֻнڡ
Ϊܿٶ޵ߣһò󷨣гڵΪ
֮󣬴Ӵóʯһ죬һķλڶڲ
ֻӰڶڿƬ̣һ󷨱㲼öɡ
еһӣڰ׹һ㿪ʼתˡ
ԭֻǱʶΪ᲼󷨣û뵽ȻĻᡣƬ̹㲼óһض𵽷õ󷨣Ŵͣʧ㡭Ļ᲼󷨣
½²˽⣬һĿɿڴӣʵ󷨺Ϳٶô
һ񣬾ͺ񿴵һǣ㵽ǲ½ˣ
ʱݲ˻ɣȻò½ûʲô𣬿뷨ʹº½ž޴Ĳ졣
˵ղǸ½ϵʮа˾Ųȥʡ
ԭܼ򵥣ǻ
ţ½ϣʲô˻Ὺٶ˵һ¡
˵֮󣬱˫һգգϣ֪㾿ǲ½ϵˡ
벢ûлش𣬶ģɵ˵벻ǣʲôأֻҪΪǣǾǣΪǣǾͲǡ
󣬵һۣȻش𼫲⣬㵽ǲأ
Ǻǣ
ٺһЦߵߣ漴ͷҲص˵ǣ
ߣ
һֹһ֪ش𡣡
ʵ˵Ķԣǲ½ϵˣʲôϵأ
ĴһҩƿУ󵹳һöɫĵҩĿСһʩչͷŶŵҩĵڡ
öҩƶľ鵤ֻ켶ҩܱס
ܵöҩ̺Ӵɫһ䣬ߵǰؿеҩƿҩƿʲôҩ
˵⻰ͻȻʲôʧ㲻½ˡ
ҩƿЦſʲô𣿡
ͷ½ҩƿȻҲǰƿ״õЩͬҪСһЩ
վߵԱһʯ£ұͲ½ˣ֪ͨĴ½;𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪Ҳû˵Ĵ½½ܶޱ޼ʵĺЩһ޵˵ൺ죬סźܶ޵ߣǳЩ޵Ϊʿ
˵ղóҩƿæתƻ⣬㻹ûңղóʲôҩ
˶٣üͷ˼ǰڱڣҲ൤ҩЩҩԣûһöеŨѵ
ƺʲôûм˵ȥһŵĿ롣
΢΢һЦҸղõþ켶ҩ
¶һȻ˵ɫһΪ޵ߣûлᴥ켶ҩĵҩֻг޵߲ӵУֻΪҵЩѵҩģƳĵҩ
δȱлһ仰Ϣ
ܰҴͨĴ½;һƿ켶ҩ㡣
뿴ű˵ɫȻûһ㿪Цӡ
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ֱڣЩ̫ʵ켶ҩǣǿ޵߷ĶȻԸ͸ҡ
ӣ񲢲ں켶ҩѵкֶܶ
ɱܵõȫĶ
뷨һ֣һ亹ʵʮɱᣬ׾ٵɱеˣҪɱԼǶָˡˣǰѷȻܳܽʩչѣһһķ
ɱ˶ֻҪˣ뷨
֪뷨У˵ִ
ΪɱңԳԡ
һ΢Цζ˼
ݸһЦֳһ޺ӣ飬ΣҸм㻹أ
ڱϣƺԿһС󣬰ͷתһߣ˵ϣô롣
ڵĴϢţղڼӴʶѹԿ϶ղֻҪ˵һ䣬ԥĳ֡ղ뿴ʱǱ޸һ
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뵽ﾪѵһɱ֣
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תһһٵ˵ղԿһ£ܰҴͨ½ϢҲ켶ҩܰΪﵽԪӤڡ
⻰ֻôһʱ䴦ڶ·״̬ĿɿڴĿ롣ⱲϢûиղһöࡣɸղˣԷȻܰΪﵽңɼԪӤڡ


112 ԶŴ˵
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ߣַϣӴóһЩҩȫĿСһ֮ĵ˵ͷô൤ҩȥƻѾȶˡ
ܲͦһ٣뻹޷ȷֻ˵컯ˡ
ʱ򣬱ҲӾл룬ŵʵղ˵ǲģ
ͷ϶ȻԪһЩֻҪӦңھ㼸ö
ɱ֮˺ܳһʱ䶼ƽԪмƿûзáҩһͻƽڣԪӤڡ֪޵ѭ򽥽һη̫൤ҩ洦
գգƯĴ۾Щŵ˵нԪ
ȵҩ½ͬ쳣Ϊ½һɣҲò١Ȼó켶ĵҩҲЩˡ
ϰ׹һһƿҩƾճУ漴ӸԶı˵ԿǲĽԪ
סҩƿŽɵĴƿǣʱһEFҩصڶڣǿϲ֮ɫȻƵҩҩ̺ĳɷݺҩԣڵΪͼʶǿԲ²š
룬Щʵ⣬ǽԪ
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׼ѵҩݸæϵŰɣֻҪܰҵͨ½;ƿҩ㶨ˡ
һ£ǰѵҩݸ룬޹»ҴϢ֮ȡҲ١
ȻҪҩ֪ʱ¡һҩƿӸ롣
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ͷǴӦˣҲܱ֤һܴ
΢΢һЦ֪ףֻҪϢʵһӦı𡣡
˵һ£һתҲҪ߰ϢŪңȻΪߣʱɱڵ»ܹġ
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ҲصģֻҪһİ£Ҳġ
ɱ
һԽԽ˽ˣԸһ͸ĸоʱһϺˣʱȴµıʱ򣬸ĸоȴһ˳ᢵǿߡ
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֪˵ʲô˵뱣ֳĬǰֱĸо˵ʲôʲôԷһۿ͸
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΢΢һ㶣ʧ˵ʲôϢһҲ֪
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ɽһ˽⣬㣬ȷʵЩˡǧ޵ߣȻм˻ųЩ˼Ȼ޷½ϵĻʯԽԽ٣Ϊμǧ½ϻֻʯأ
뵽뷨˵˳
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ǣʲôÿǵģ
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113 
ĻԺоþõĻص⣬ȷʵû˿һȷֵ÷ѽĵط˵Щ޵߽ȥɽΪΪʲôô˵ѵɽʲôֵһĵĶ𣿡
ɽгˡס⣬޵Ķ
˵Ҳ֪޵ߵԪֹ޵ڴ޽߾ûͻƵǰĿܣѡȥɽ
˵˶٣൭رɽҩģм˵һ磬λ½ʱһЩϧľϳһԴĹʵ̷֮޵߽Ԫ
һ򶨵Ҳһһö߰Ԫ¶öǻǿԴǧꡣôʱ䣬ٱˣҲôʱԭľ磬ٴԪ
ɽĴԴȷʵֵðһԡ
¶֮ɫ˵⻹ʲôɽлϧҩģƷʱҪĿʯһнĿʯֻҪƷʱһ㣬ʹ÷Ӳ쳣񡣡
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ǣӾʲôĿģ
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󶯵һɲǣ֪Ѿˣת󣬵ˡ
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ǰڵƣκ˶ʱΪʹַŹҲ޷ȥʹǡͬ޷£켶ĵҩ⣬ҩﶼ޷á
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һΡˣΪԪ
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һ΢Цĵӣӿ϶ղŵ뷨ǶԵģµĲּӿ˼֡
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ڱ˼֮ʱǰһѺõЦһ£ѣѵΪǾ㣬ΪĳĿ𣿡
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޵ֻǰʹо֮ҲδԪӤǿ߶Խ޵
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˵شֶ˱˹֣м˵󣬸лϵܺ͡͵ȡ
ֱ֣һ룬ôЩ֣һڣӦ¹ϵ
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ߺ죬Ϊһʱ̫̣˺ãŻ¶֮ɫ
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ԽԽڣһæתƻ⣬֣֪ӵ֪٣


114 
΢΢һ㶣ӣ
һ£ֵ˵ǿӵ𣿡
˵ͷشӣȻ½ҲΪɣ
˵΢΢һЦ
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˵˵ɣں֪顣
ҲǴ֮ˣһ۱ܿڵ£һͼĪĹϵҲ˵ֱ⣬Ӿ˵Ƭ½ΪѰһˣϧûҵ뿪
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󻺻˵ǰһŵĵӣʱо˵һЩӵ¡ἰ½ϾΪ˭ȴû˵ֻңǸ˻û
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ɫһѵ֪Ҫҵ˻𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪Щ¶ҵô֪
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ԭȥ֪еԺЩԥ
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¶ԥ֮ɫϵܣһȥ𣿡
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˶٣ƺʲôֽ˵Ҳ뿪İ취ȥ޵翴ʿ֪飬޵ҪһЩ
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ʱķɿ죬תۼʮȥˣʱڣɽΧ޵Զ˲٣ÿ춼޵ߴӿзɹЩ޵ߣ඼ڵˮƽȺһ·˵Ц
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ʶ޵ߣ̸ʱ򣬾˵һЩ顣
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뿪ٵĶΧϡԿ޵߾Щ޵߶ɢޣ޵һȴδ֣ǵ֪޵߶֮ˣÿһ붼һ޵ɽΧ˶ײ֮ʱŻڡ
ֹһ죬ȶһ£ɽ󣬱뿪˶
ɽһյ·̣Ǵﵽɽǡٽ
ʮڣڵȫָΪȻû˲ȴ۷ڻһЩʱദ˵ĹϵҲǢ࣬ûаڳǰļӣ޵ļ⣬֮Ŀ࿴
ΪȻ󣬵޵ļ⣬ȴҲ벻ġ
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ڿзУһ·ҲɢޣЩɢ޸Ӧ˵ΪæĶ㵽һߣһЩ󵨵޵ߣԶԶĿţ񡣲ȴûһ˸ڨ
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ЦЦֵЩɢޣһ·ҲˣǿɲֻЩɽȥŸҽȥ
ɢΪߣûбŭ޵ߣ֪ôġ
ʶˣ½γһĵĹأ֮ǰԲֻ޵߿ռݣɢߣֻڰ֮⡣ȻɢΪﵽһ̶ȣǿԲء
Ļֽһ䣬ǻһطٶֻҪжЩǲ鷳ġ
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Զʦ棡
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һθоôĲʵ벻ڵΪȻɱôͬȼǿߡˣϾȻ켶ĵҩ죬ӵ£ѵһҲǴİɣ
ͬˣǵһڵǿߣ½϶޵ߣһΪȷʵͬ졣кԶǿߣôǰȻϸоһ˿ѵ豹棬ȫľˣ
Զ΢΢һЦͻȻ룬Ƶ˵СӣĵȻ豹ľ硣Ϣ½ڶ޵Ҳ޷ټɣ
˵ĿǿӲֵܰңϷԿǷһ
ش𣬺Զֿ󣬵Ǹ߲ϧƭңǰ˵ˣû뵽ȻĳҲµĲӦ켶ĵҩóɣҲԿǷһ
￩һ£û뵽ǿ߾Ȼϣ˵û켶ҩҲȻΪڶԷ֮£ǿǿȡƽΪЩ˵ǰǿȡƺ޵Ĺء
޵һЩĵĹأֻҪħа֮ˣȡʱ򣬶ҪﻻʹΪٸߣҲԴСȻҲǾԣЩǿ߿˾ӣɣʵȴʵСˣαӡ
Զԣɫ΢΢һɭȻںҽ𣿡


115 ǹ
˵ȴеһӴʶѹϣߵĻȥ
Զһм˵֮ҲҺԡ
Ļ˵޷ǵһƣʱŭǰ۸һ𣿡
Զһһ۶ɵİմֱ
ȫȻһģķǰĿ£ǵɢŰ׹İӭȥ
䣡
һ죬ѣƹδۿҪϡ
أһһ΢壬Ȼһԡ
ǵƴ˸գʧڿС
Զɫһ䣬ʮֵ󣬳벻ڵĴŶģ½ϻȵ
˵ʲô˵ڣȳɣ
ղʩչҲȲѡһƿģȴӴĵ壬ϣʹҲҪˡɲ뿴վµ˾ɲзϣʶųȡ
ԶĻûзϣҿ϶½ϳ⣬û˻ʹˬĳϵȷʵҾ˱ôѵȡ
ûһ㹧ά˼
ԶһЦСӵӵСȻҵƤ¾ˣѵ㲻ŭ֮£ɱˡ
Ϊǿߣڴ½Ƕ׵Ĵڣû˸ô˵ʹ˵ҲҪͿ
΢΢һЦƺûаѺԶĻϣȻǰҲ˵ɱңѵͲ֮ûжҳ֣ҵеõһĺôɣǾ˵촰˵켶ĵҩҿԸ㣬Ҳܸ㣬
Զһϵҷ˰ɣ
˵ͷȥҿ԰Ѷ㡣
ԶĿ棬ϣѵ㲻ҷڣ
£
ʵ˵ҵȻ㷵أЩǽȥܸ㡣
Ǻǣ
ԶһЦȥѶңϷҲ޷֣Ϸ㡣
̾Ϣһ˫һ̯ȻˣҲû취
Զüһɫ˵СӣñʲôϷΣʱҪĶʹȥɽϷƴʲôҪҲҪ㵱ɱ
һӣΪһʧ
ˣһ亹໥һۣһ
ղţҲڶģĺԶ֣ɱһǰǳڵǿߣһ£ήݶһ󱲳֣Ȼһǰض˵ϵõô
ȴףԷΪδߣδرͼ£ѵԲرͼûȤ
˲ҵæһεĵطٳһҲ󷨡ڶڣʹڵʶӦ֮Ҳ޷С⵹Ǹṩһȶĺûᡣڣʯ϶ô˵ɫЩѿ
վһΪھε˵Բǡ
İڰ֣ΪȻ˵ӣʲôǣǻ쵰ˡ
˿̣֪ݺ󣬿ɲҳƺΪã½ϹڱûȤ飬֪һЩ
ԣɫøѿȫ˼ͼ
ת룬ϵܣϵܻ࣬ѵǱߵ޵ߣ᲼󷨣켶ҩ𣿡
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һƣõĵطһ˼䡣
ô룬ȴ˵ĵط췽½ȷʵ˶᲼󷨡
һõĻ룬ܸŬѰͨĴ½;
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վϵܣģ˵ҴһҪ̤ҵʬ塣
΢΢һЦֵ֣Ҳ˼˹󷨣ǵôңһͬԸ
εЦЦظϵܣ֪ˡ
һЦһֱˬĺӣʲô˼ļƣΪҲ˶ֵŵġ֮ԽƵҩ뿴ǷֵţɲѺԼĻ顣
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˿̣Կ϶Щ켶ĵҩȫƳġ
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˼лһ۱㿴ǰĳǹüһǹôУ
Ǿ֮ɫȻû뵽½ڶǹϡ
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̾ϢһһǰǹУϸһᣬŻ˵ǹ֮ڴ½ڶһΪǹƶɣΪǹͷõǱʯļֵͬɽеĽʯҲ١
˵˶٣˵ǹòȴûǰǿĹǹõĲϣǲһЩǧͱʯνȥɽܵõʯֻҪһǹϣƣʹȲǹҲࡣ
ߵǰ˵һ伫ΪʵĻ֣ʯֻһ˵ͬסһȻ޵߶֪ɽУȴûһֻϣȥԺܵõһЩΪ
˵ͷĻȻЩпᣬΪʵˣǲرͼأ
ˣ
ʵ˵
΢΢һ㶣ЦЦϵһˣ¼ӣһҸ
ǰ׳գ֪е˼ҡͷһ׷Ů֮´û
̾Ϣһվű㲻ȥΪûһ㣬ǲǣ
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΢΢һЦ˱һŵı飬£޵缸ԪӤڵǿ߶ֻ֪û⴫ˡ
һΧ󷨣˲Ȼ벢ǳ֮Ůӣһѡ
仰ԴŮӣȴ򶯲˱
ﾭȷһΰ飬Ǹѿ㱻زЦһЦΣܴɽлųҵǿԿһĽ顣
Ƴһۣ㣬ԪǿһѰԴɣ
ڰ֣һĵӣЦŵûʲôõĵģ춨˵Ҹսȥˣֺαȥ룿
ΪĿһ㣬һ㵹Ǻҡ
˵ţǹճһǳǳЦݡ
΢΢һ㶣ҲЦ·ҪĲ죬ȫЦ⡣


116 
̫ջش½һʱɫ𽥺¹Ȼˮһ¹Ƭ½ϣ͸¹⣬ϡԿɽּһ޵ǱɽΧɢȥ
Щ޵ߵΪܸߣ͵Ҳнڵʵ
һҹעǲƽһҹ¹⣬ԼʩչʱĹâжʱ˴˵ĺɱǰ޵ߣÿ˶лʯЩûлʯ޵ߣڽ϶֣˽ֽࡣ
վڶſڣ󷨿һУ̾ϢעҪ޵ڴ䡣
ڶڣصģЩ޵ߵٴҲ뿪ٶ޵֣߳Ϊǲ֪жǿߡ
ɫȻ㻹лʯ𣿡
ҡҡͷûУҵĻʯˣӦаɣ
ͷĻʯǴģһöʯ㹻˽ȥɽС
⣬֪һöʯı˶޵ߵˡ
˿̣ȴڶڣŵҩһҹʱȻЩ䣬ǿƳ˵ĵҩԼٻָĵҩָʶĵҩȻ鷳ҲһЩЩȥɽֶΡ
һҹôȥˣɱ¾н
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ڶ߳ϴʵôˣ
û˵ǹ̾Ϣһ
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Ȼõ˵ҩЩšһҹʱ䣬ȻƳô൤ҩҪҩﵽһĳ̶Ȳ
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ΪͨҩˣΪߣϾҩһһŸѧʡ
΢΢һЦʵô㿴Ҳͨҩˣ
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κһطһҩǿߣֵñ£ĶԷ
ҩϵʱ£ȥϣΪƵҩܾˡϲڵʲôȨ˵ڹ̣ϣеʱоҩϣƵҩϡ
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Ļ˵ͷˣⷬɾҲΪˡ
һԭ˵ɫһЦ֪ԼΪˣ֪θ롣
ʱķɿ죬תۼ̫Ѿ˰գۿʱҪˡ
˿̣޵ϢɽǰƬƽأȴŴֵһ̡
ҲͬЩ޵һվڶڣ͸󷨣Ӧš
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һ̣ΪߣڽֵһɲǣȫʧȥӾ
ʹʶȥӦؼҲǻããһУ·һն硣
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оȻջʶȴͱ˿ɫ԰ף٣æһϡ
Хʩչ˲ʶ
ͬʱ۾ڴڵĴϢţǾ֮ɫ
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˵ȥͷϵ亹ȻղŵһĻӰ쵽ĵġ
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벻üͷ֪Ϸʲô£Ҳð֡

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ɫЩãһо鵤ʲôҵʶΪ
Ȼû˵ɫԿͬһ״
һ漴ʵղʱ㿴ʲô
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ƺʲôæʵѵղǵļ䣿
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սȭͷŪ
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⣬ɣһ޴Ĺڵ֮ϡ
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֣ԭأ·ʯһ㡣
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ͬЩȴûκζɫȻһ㿴ŶⷢһС
̲סʵ룬ôߣ
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ΪȥѰõһ˵ĵطⱻ޵߷֣ģֶᱦ
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뷨ҲԺ뵽ģǰҲ˾Եּ
һμʱ򣬵ʱǸ䡱֣뿴˽һһҹʼոо̺޾ĵ壬ʲô򣬶޷еİأշˡ
գȥͬûȫлеһʱڵ󷨲ȫŽȥڵԹһĴ˰£մĹϵõؽ䡣
һһǬһһ硣
뵽ͻȻоڳ˯ؽ䷢һ󻶿ƺҪ
ô£ѵؽҲйϵɣ
ĸоؽ䴫һϢȥڡ
ߣ
ӰһΪһӰɳ
һĻʱɵˣĿɿڴĿű˴ˡ


117 
ڣ·ʯһ㣬վԭأǾ֮ɫ
ʱ򣬷Բڵ޵ߣΪжߣڵʶᱻӴѹûһ˿ʩչǸղţ˷ʩչΪһӰ뿪˶
˿̣Щ޷ŸղſһĻʶ۾ȷѾ뿪󣬲ʵˣ
ɵɵĵͷеʽĻشˣʩչߵġ
۾գ£ǣﲻǲʩչ𣿡
øղŷһôĲʵʵĴڡʶʮɻͲ⣬֪Ͼʲô
һ̯Ȼ޷شʣңһ֪Ϊʲôأ
ߣȥɣ
һ
˵ͷͻȻΧõʯЩô죿
Цһڰ֣ǱˣǶͨ󷨣һʲôǸ棬һҲͰˡ
뿪˶ȴѣεһĻ
ɽУ޵߿գŴͣһĿɿڴӡ
ԼУ޵ڵ˵ʲô
ֵܣղſ𣿡
ˡ
˾ȻĽʩչˡ
ǵģǲ޵߰
ɵ˰޵ʩչ𣿡
ǣΪʲôʩչ
˺ǲܱȵģǼһƲˡ
ˣʲô
ң˭Ҫ֪

˷лصţÿ޵߶һƣûһ֪ʲô
⣬һɽУԶһȺӿٵķȥ
ԶǰɫȻ¶һǿߵơ󣬸ߣǵΪԪӤڣٺ棬һȺΪһЩڵӣϸȥȻϰˡɴ˿ɼΪҲѪ
Զ֪ЩӶڻңΪȻӡ
ʱһգۼڣȻһڡ
Զɫһʧô£Ȼʩչ
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һԪӤڵ޵ߣһߵԶǰֵʦ壬ղš
Զһ֣ϵҿˣȻʩչܽ󡣡
ʶ޷ɢҲ֪˾ʲôģ
죡
Զɫһͺȵĵӣϡ
Ӱһƾǿٵɱȥʹûһڵߣ˫űΪˣ·һӰɽּ伸Ծ䵽ǰ
ĴԶȻƾŵλõƣ޵еһȴûһ˿⡣Ϊ֪֮ǰʩչǰڽʩչ;һڡ
Զתһӱӣһż󣬲ȥ
ͬʱѾڴ֮Уǰһһ߼ʵĳȣߵĽɫӣЩȫǴȻ޵ﲢʲô˼ȴֵǡ
ÿһ϶һޣѩɺףһЩв֡
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ղţ֮ʱڵؽͷųһӴɳҲ˵ղЩ޵߼ʩչƿնȥʵ壬Ǳؽ
һ߼ʵĳϣЦһΧϳֲͬޣһΪ˻ԭǻˡ
ʱŲӴſڴæһһԵӺ
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ԶɫȻһģҵλһȥڲ֪ʲôһߵĺá
ΪжΪԶʦΪǿǣûеж
ʵô֪ԶҲǵıնɱС
ԶȥȴԶٵɫ΢΢һСأôûкһǰѵں档
뵽ּȺУûпӰüͷ
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תٵȥȴڵģСӻ᲻Ĳ
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һЩʱӦһӴʯϻصйһξԶ϶һһûУҪշҲ޷ֻ̾Ϣһһȥ
ٶ̫죬Զ̫Զûп塣
ԶֻȵľͷһӰʧ
ˡ
ԶߣԪӤ޵ߵʦ壬ҪҪӿŲ
Զ˵ͷߡ
ŲһȻǰȥٶȿľˡ
˿̣ԶѾԿ϶Էͬһް
ǰôʱ䣬Զ
ǰͱҲȺȥ˴ڣ׳۵Ĵ˶һ㶡
һ˵ϵʲô
ҡҡͷ֪ǻǿȥɣ
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΢΢һЦżϵܲ˵𣿾ڽȥҲῪ
΢΢һ㶣ôĻ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôĻʻǵͷ
Ⱦͷһ޴ĹװεĽ̻Իͣΰ׳ۣûиߴӣȴڷһɵӣǰһϷ̣ȴûκζ
λãͬһѰɫӣӺϵһֻڷɵɺףɺշ衣ӵʽһСĸоӵĻִǵ໨ݣõ壬ٺϣǾޱС
أод֪Ҫʶƣ޷򿪡
Цһ˵ˣû޷򿪴
˵ֻ꣬ǰһΣһӰ۵Ӱƾճֵǰ


118 
ڣ۵ӰϣӰޡ
뵹һɫ΢΢һ䣬ղûд򿪴ӴͻȻɲΪͨԿĿռ䴢
һ΢ЦĿԼ벻ʵγġ
¶һصЦݣΰ۷޷һССĴг
ߣ
۴ţһû˵˵ҪҰȥ
۵£Ц˵޷ʩչ似޷ҵ֮ζԸأ
ٺһЦ¶һӡ
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Ŵͣԭ˵ĻȥմĿ룬㣬㡭ôܣ
ɫȻһۣôʩչ似ǲǣ
ʶĵͷһơҴôô̵ʱھɹ
ҹƵҩʱ򣬱ۣûвҪʩչǿ
һᣬհƵ롣
似Ȼǿ󣬵似ҪһЩȫҪֻҪѼģһӣʹÿռŤŤռڵκ壬ΪķͬܵСȵش
˵еõһǿ似һ磬գء
Ȼ⻰ֻΪڴţǿ似ǻ޵ˡ
룬ʹǿĶԷУǻ쳣
ۿ񣬾ͺ񿴵һ㣬ɹģ
ЦЦ似ܲܶ˺أ

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ûʱ۷ϻֱ⣬δӴгģ
۴˸Ƿ⻹򵥣ҲµĲﱻ˲ǿ󷨣ҽΧһеʶ
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֮ʩչɱ˵Ļʱһԥֳ
ðɣ
̾Ϣһ˵ҲʹãҪʲôã

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΢΢һЦ̵˵ߣ˼ߵΪǳڣ
˵̫̲סӵߵΪǻڣ

ҡͷߵΪΪ
ֻͷһΣΪʩչȴ󣿡
۵ͷ㲻֪ʵΪ˽޵߶о󷨣󷨶Իϵ޵ߣûá
΢΢һԸ˼޵ߣ޵ߣ˼𣿡
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࣬ҲЦβĴظֻҪ֪һĸ㡣
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С۾ͣתƺʲôҡҡͷԳڵ˶࣬Ǵû˵ӵġ
㶼ʶʲôӣ
벻Ѵӵò˵һ飬ֵ룬ûŵӣ
˵һ£ƮƮ衣·ؿڴдһСɵġ롱֣ĺԶǺ̼١
֣Ӧ˵צͯ˵ӣԡƮӣҲԣӣǲԣݸҲԣɫ·ѵǾӣҲԣ˵ûȤ
ǵûжԵģ
ߵָͷұߵģһ
ûУ
ָֹͣͷ϶˵
Ǹƣߵû㻹˵ͣ
˵ġ
һί۸һ
ʱӰ룬֮ڡ
ͷ޵ߣǵһȥĺԶ
Զվڴ룬Ȼһ۱˳΢΢һ㶺󣬾㣬ô
˵⻰Ȼʲôһ仰ѿڶǸһȥ޵ߣ
˿̣ﾪɫҲþ
΢΢һЦתźۣŵ˵ǰ￴ңǲе⣿


119 ˳
Զ˿ֹ̺⣬ֱš޷ţһڵ޵ܲƵΧʩչ
ۺٺһЦƯǰһõĵ񣬵ģǼһ￴ҡ
㣿
üͷ𣬵֮壬Ϊο㣿
۵һʶ޷ʩչ޵ûʶ֮ͬ˻ʲôĴУгΪеһ֣ܿҡ
ôһͣˣͷôȷ
΢΢һЦȻҪôûעҵķ򡣡
˵ţһƮԶǰźԶӵۡ
Զ룬ɫɫδ֣ȷʵ˵
۵˸㣬Դܴơ
⣬ֻǸղ̸ˣ˵𣬵ҪΪδȴƴأ
ڴڴҪʶֻҪѹΪһ㣬ͬʹһЧ
̾ϢһоĲִ٣Ȼˣطûвúã˵ԴΨһȱݡ
봫ۣҪ漴ԺԶǰһΪ˵㡣
ң
ԶǰЭ飬΢΢һ㶣漴Сӣʲô
ƺûԶĴԶǰ㲻һЩھͿԸ㡣
δȺԶشһԪӤ޵ߣʱŭ˵ʦôΪҪ
ɫδ䣬ЦŵԶǰ㵽˵乫ûȡأ
Զɫ쳣ѿһڷϵߣһ޵ʲôöôήĶ
޵߼ΪҪӣʹҲǰ𣬷Ժ޵ᱻ˳Ц
˵ͷô˵һˣ
Զ붼û룬ѿڵȻˡ
˵꣬͸оĵСӣȻµǰô˵Ƚȥɽʰ㡣
һȻղŵĻΪŭ
ģźԶǰȽȥɽδҵңǺǣ
ԶɫһСӣǵΪ뵽ɲѡ
ЦЦԶתǰȥ
Զһ䣬ҸطϢһῪ
ʦ壬ҪҪˡ
ԶߣһԪӤ޵С˵
Զ󣬵޵һۣ뱻𣿡
ԪӤ޵Ҳһʱ嶯Զôһ˵ʱһ亹ʦѵǣ̫嶯ˡ
Զ˵ͷ뵽Ҳǰ˵ǵ뷨ʹи˶ԹҲȽȥɽۡ
üͷǲ֪ʶԺԶĻЩɻ󡣵ǱϾҲҶ˵ʲôߵһĵطĿ
Ƭ̣ʮ޵룬̾б
󿴵վڴԣ΢΢һ㶣Ⱥ˳
ߣæϵܣ㲻𣿡
΢΢һЦơ
󲻽һ㶣ȻƣΪʩչ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôȴоٻҡ
û˵££֪ԽԽá
ԺҲʳͬ⣬شһޡ
ʱڴһȺˣͷһߣΪͬǳΪ
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󣬸һӣӲǱˣǳֶԸĹ֡
վһòŮӣͬҲ٣Ůɫһֱͷʲôһ
վԺŮ̧ͷ֣С˵ʦ֣˵ʦˣǣΪʲôܸоϢأ
⻰һɫһ䣬ڴһɨͣǰ
ͬʱҲŹ֣ǴǳǳĵЦ⡣
޵ߵĿ£ϵߣ֣벻ּ˰ɣ
޷ãϣҹһߣʮ־·ƤһʶӦ޷
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Ȼ⣬ϻ¶˷ܵɫ
Ҳתͷ󣬳󣬼Ȼû£ΪʲôصɵĶڣ
ȴһ˿ŭ
Χ޵Ȼв٣඼СɺһЩɢޣ˿̿ôһĻſϷɫ
ЦһԹֵ֣㣬Ҳ
˵ֵʱصĿ
е˼˶֪
̸ֵߵŮӣüͷʦ֣ʲô
ղţҿߵʱļ쳣ߵߣͻȻ˵ĶԻĽŲͣ
ûлشŮӵĻǿߣʦ壬˳ţԺŵĵӡ
˻һΧ޵߶һһԪӤڵ޵ߣȻĿ£˳ɡ£޵ȻҲ˳ʱɳϲͬ⣬޷˳ɣǿ˳ֹܵ׷ɱ
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Զ΢΢һЦƺʦߣ磬벻Ҳ˳ɵ£Ǻǣ
˺ԶһۣЦ˳ɵĵӣҲɱҪǿöࡣ
˵꣬ȻڣҶôҿųĵӣΪҪ˳ɣ
ûаѺ͹֮˵֪Ҳ̫ʦãŻ£ʦ壬뿪ɣǸԭ򣬻ʦȫ
һ
ڰ֣޷Ӧ㣬Ͼ
⻰ȴһڣ޵гǿӵһȨʹſڵʦҲҪϹϾӶԷİš
֪Ǹһ̨£Ѿٴεʦ壬Ƿͬ뿪Ҫ˳š
ţ
ɫһɢһӴɱ
ʦ巢ŭվڹߵŮӣһţæ˵ʦ֣㶼Ȼȥ˵ɣҲŻͬ˳أ
ȥ֮ͬ⣬ʹͬ⣬ҲҪϳȫʦãѾ˵ˡ
Ů˺ҡͷʦ֣ˣ㲻ʶǸʦˡ
һұˣûҡ
䣬ûа顣
Ůҧ´һ˫л䣬ڽɫʯϡ
һŮӵڻŭ󣬡㼴ʹ뿪ɣҲСʦ˵ɣ
ô˵ҲҪͬ𣿡
˵⻰ʱȴڵѪ
ˡ
ŭһӰһŲ΢΢һǰ
鲽
ǼȵΧ޵ߣͬʱһ
ɫһжʱ˼־֮ģʦ壬Ǻ⣿
վǰʦֶȻڣȻʩչʶҲɱˣʩչ似ȴǿԡִҪ˳ɣҲ飬ϳһΪ


120 
ɫһ֪Ϊˣʲô˵ʦ壬ûһ似ʩչ٣
˼书û£ʩչͬûӲʮ֮һ
ƺ¶˾ģϳΪһһأ
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ЩߣĻˢһٲȻУ
ʶ˺żߵһߡ
ţڲ֣ܳȻ˵ֻҪʶɱˣסѾЩڣΪεõϢʵһ֪Ľᵱڳݡ
ǱߣԶҲɫһ磬ղĻģ
һȻͬΪ޵ߣ˵ĹϵȻã㿴Ϸ޵ķʸ𣿡
ԶڨڨЦЦ߼ߣҲ׼һ£ȻҪˡ
Щ΢΢һ㶣һɻĿźԶ֪⻰ʲô˼
ߣԭΪĵı￩һһֲԤȻ
ȻԶűЦһӣǲҲ˳ݵʱˣ
ͬʱ⣬ڣ˵߶ڱϡ
˵ɫвͬоȣɻ󣬻еıһϷı顣
̾ϢһϵߣһӣԶʦ棬ּˡ
֣֡Զ޵߲ɻѵǰ棿
Ȼ棬ΪκԶûеأ
δ˶롣ԶΪԼڣ㲻Ƿǣҿλܣ
һ֣޵ߣٵڵķпΧм䡣
ߣŵҪ࣬Ǳߵ˲䱻ѹȥ
Ϊ΢΢һ䣬תԶԶʲô˼
ԶȻλشЦŵûб˼Ϊ˷ֹ룬ȻҪ׼
ߣ
һ󣬡ͷüҪִԲ򡣡
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һɨת󣬳ץʡ
䣬һ󰴵ڵء
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󣬱㱻ѺŵĶС
󱻴ߣ̾Ϣһ΢΢ǰһ붯־ȴƮ˹һ£㲻õ»кϷҪ𣿡
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Ѫ޵ʮָĵֻҪ½һЩɲաѪʩչʱҪʶΪѪΪýһЩɬγɡѪγ֮Ǽֻʩչ߿ʹãʩչȥ֮󣬱ʩչѪĶʧ
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֣˱һصĵ񣬶ԺԶǰҵѣ붯Ҫҵͬɣ
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Ϊǿߣ˵ϻصʵûʵûּ۵ʱʲôȻҺּۻۣ
⻰뼴ʹƢٺãҲһȴû¶κβ죬Ц˵ǰҲǶֻһڵ޵ߣǰӦüңǵһˡ
ʲô
һЩ֪޵⣬е󶼵һ
翴һ΢ЦĺԶһϺꡣ
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΢΢仯ɫǰк̸ʱ𣿡
룬ﾪɲڻЩţСӣ֤
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ʱ
üͷһóԼʱɣ
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ʱ𣿡
粢ĵ˵ʵǴղŵ뷨ɣ
΢΢һЦһɱ㣬أ
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Ϊ˶֪֣ס
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һЦ룬һһٵ˵ҵ뿴ΪǷס
ɫһϵܣҪ
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꣬ҲҶ֡
ʱ⴫һĽŲűһߵˣҶڰʲô
˵еĺԶ̧֣һ׼ֵӣߵĻȥ
˺ԶȻͱĺԶͬһ֣ΪȴرΪֻнڵʵ
ԶһȻʶϣֻͬЩ衣
뿴һϣһһƴϡ
ΧĿռһŤɫ쳣ѿƾǿǿĵֵ
ʹˣɫЩ԰ףСӣĵҳ֣͵žаɣ
˵䣬ֻһ쳹ʵصڡţһɫ׵ƾոֱ֣¡
ҫ۵׹⣬е޵һʱ䶼޷˫ۣȹâɢȥ˲Լͬ뿴ȥ
ǣȴŵһĻ
벻ûϻûаơ
ˣɿˡ
һʱ䣬ԺһѣΣǰһĻǰĲʵ
˿̣밲Ȼվԭأ·ûһ˿쳣ǴŵЦݣɫԶĿ磬ûһ㱻׵еӡ


߼


121 
缴ʹΪǿߣҲ޷뱻кܽµһ˲䣬Ӧ׵ӴһɲǣԺֻһͷ׵ϣһҷ
ǣǣ벻ûվǰ
ʶĺֲָ룬㣬Ȼû
΢΢һЦĵ˵ǰǲǺϣ
˵֣ɢһɱŨɱ
ԭ˵ĶģǼĿԵֵ׵Ĺ
ɫһ䣬ʧ㣬ʲô
ʱĻһǿߵӣȫһŵͨˡ
һЦͬе󣬵ǰǲӦÿԷˣ
Ȼɱ磬ȴʱ֣ɱһˣϰŵߣѵҪһɱµʱŵĵӻƴ
֪ʿɶֹĵΪʸ֮ġ
ˣ
һ֣Ⱥ˵
ȺߣͱղŵһĻŵˣһ˵æſ
ߣмϵܣҡ
һõĵ漴Զǰ¡
ԶεȴæֵȻǵѵѣղŵһᣬᣬǺǣ
ĵӣںԶٻ£صУ뿪֮ʱǾ֮ɫ
˽룬ûж˵лĻһм
η粨ڶʱһЩھе޵ߣҲڵ˵໥
ڴм䣬ȶʵں۽̸
ô֪Եֵף
봫
ۺٺһЦΪ˵ϣҲ֪顣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬æĿڵʵʱ֪ľףֻɱ˼޵ߣǿûеģʱӦϢԶʧ
˵ûϵɲǣȷʵӦһӴϢؽͷŶϵ׵˲ʧǻǸӦʱΧռӴѹΪղֻһþ
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˵Ϊﵽһ̶ȵʱ򣬱ףϴˢġ
ǶȽǷ͸ղһ
˵ֵܲܵȽף

ȣȽ٣
һƣͺ񿴵һ׳գڵΪȽˣ
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۳βջ˻ӣʲôЦҪȽ٣ڵΪҪһ
׽ϴ񣬿ԳһЩҪʣ޵ߵΪʵ
̾Ϣһ͵粻ҪȽ٣Ҳʲô˶ܶȽٵģ˼ûʲôֻͬӳԣһЩ޵Ҳ磬Ϊﵽ߾ʱףһ硣
һ磿
һ𣿡
ۡ
۸ղһĻһûȥǣΪ˼޵һô׳ΪһȻûȥȻ˵ǲ磬ɽ磬ֻȳˣܳ񡣡
˵۰ڰ֣ʱĳ밡Ȱ㻹ǱˣʹӵԺҲδܳ룬ô½ܵм絽ɽѶȣ˼ȥ绹ҪѣܳΪˣҶЩڳ˵ˡ
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һɫ΢΢һЦ֪ô㻹ûңֵܵ׽𣿡
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ۺٺһЦ͵˽̫ˣҾͺһ¡
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Цһ˰ɣ⻹Լɣ
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۵ͷʮȷʵҪȽ٣ֻǶȵĲǾף١Ǻܴ׵ҲϵʹǴӰ֮Ϊһֻޡ
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˫ۣͬʲô𣿡
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˵ɽ󣬳ʲôطû֪Ҳ˵ǼʹͬʱȥͬһʵļҲпܳɽУҲпܳںУпܳ޵ĶѨڡ
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ʵɽҲǿ𣿡
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ӴóһȥɽϵԼʱ޷򿪴
ӰһƮߣСӣҪҰæ𣿡
ۣһæܴó𣿡
˲Уһ
ظһʮӡ
ͷȥǧѰ񡣡
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˱ĿʱڣͻȻҵĻζ
е޵ߣͬʱ˫ۣ¶ļ֮ɫԸӡ


122 
ҵ𵴺ڽ䣬޵߶޷˫ۡ
ԭеĳͻȻʧһ޴Ĵ
Χิӵ·мλһƴСİĴСǡÿԷһʯ
Ƭ̺󣬽ɢȥֻоԭʧʶصǵڡ
޵߸ԴӴóʯ׼봫
ԶһһʯߵĴУСӣɽ
䣬ϽһʧڴС
Ҫǰһȴȥ󲻾һ𣿡
תȥ뿴ԭڷӵĵطͬһСһЩҲЩͬδ룬۵㴫˹СӱԥˣĲһֻʹһΣȥɣ
˵Ϊһ⣬ɽĴ
סǰȥı
˵ţָߵĴ
΢΢һ㶣Ҳȥ𣿡
ԺʹڵĲͬĿԴﵽɽЩɡ
˱һصĵ񣬿϶˵ĺˣһԡ
һ߽ڣѻʯڰУȱߣһ뵽ʯڣֻ׹һʧ
ͬˣͻȻǡÿʧһĻ
ɫһھ¶æ˵ߣȥǱ߿
Զ룬û˵ǸʹãǻǲҪһһ͵޵ĶѨô죿
ô˵ȴ룬ûô̬Ǹһ߱Ƚϰȫ
΢΢һЦԹյسúöȻѰ·
ţ
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ϸҪȥ޵һǰһ꣬߼Źʵ޵ߵط缸ʹ߰ɣ
˵ţҪóʯ
ɫһ䣬˿ѾߵԣԸñߣæѣطȿġ
תһЦɭȻϣȿôȵڣ𣿡
㡭
ȷʵ֣Ȼָֻǻס
һЦǣߡ
û˵꣬ͻȻžવ죬ţϵķۼٶȶţΪһ̯ĩ
ɫһŭϣǶֽţ
ˬòĶͬ뿴˵õЦֻ۾Ƕֽˡ

ＫΪŭһһ״ķǰ
붯֣һŮסȰ˵ᣬҪ嶯
ᱻŮһʱ֣һߣǵǱȥ
뿪ʱһۣ˵ɽǡ
ȥ̾Ϣһڵ޵ߣôһôĿˡ
ԶЦ磬ûǶӵܣҩΪû޵߰壬Ƣأ
տЦһһԱĴ󣬵߰ɣȥǱߡ
봫ֻԺһ裬űоſٵƶ
ָоά˺оһᣬһϡ
˫ۣһƬڣһƣѵı͵޵ĶѨˣ
뷨һǰ޾ĺڰУͻȻһ˫˫ɢ̹۾
ǣ
￩һ£ô۾ǧֻǡ
ǣǵ۾ô
ֻ۾ͭСʲô˴
еĺԶ֪һͷЦҾ֪ᴫ޶Ѩڣ˰ɣ
ϧеĺԶҲû뵽ֵز
֪һѡ
ԣ˭ýģ

뵽һջ𣬵˿ȴû۵ʱ䣬Ϊһ˫˫۾ڻ
ʲôޣȻǵϸоκ
һУɱͷŶһֻ˹ȥ
һ׹⣬Х˲䶴ֻ޵ͷ­
ͬʱǵ׹⣬ҲЩ޵ò
Щͬа˲ƣȫɫƤëְף·ǧʯһֲĸоˣ޴󣬱ϻҪ֣ϳ˷۾Ѫ⡣
ֻǣһʹĲнк󣬱㵹˵ϣѪȾ˵棬߼ֻǵϡ
ЩǼѪ֮󣬸ӼǵѪԣһȥ
մһڶʱϣЩײڻϣ죬ȴ޷ƷصڵϡǣɱʧЧæſڣһĴֵָı
ڻϣ죬漴顣
ȻûйڵķҲûϳһϸ΢Ѻۡ
ǼЧʱĹɽа׹˸ıֱ
ɫһӿ룬ϵѺۿɼٶȻָš
ǣɽڵʵ̫࣬һһֹһڻϡ
ģ
һӶâ͸ڷǡ
ǵķߵľˣâǵϣֻŭһȴ޷
ٶȥò˶೤ʱ䣬ᱻȺΧ
˿̣ѾȺ޵ʵֻ弶ô࣬ɱڵ޵ҲطѶ
𣡡
ʹһء
ڣȫȵɫͷŶ˲ڻǰıֻǰðһɫʧ
ȻСһȦֵסǵĹơ
һΪǰֻǵȥ

ûʱȥɽҪ̫࣬ҲΪһȺ弶˷ʱ䣬Ǳ֮ʩչϰ׹һʧ
ڵΪЩǸ޷֣ǵֲߣʧæŭǺĴѰ䡣
Ƭ̣ûзټ໥ͺ˼Ϊ·Χļɽȥ
ߺȴһ⣬ɽһĲ֣ΧʮСһЩĶڣһŶԡ
ۣʶ뵽Уû˵㲻˵𣿡
۲ûдӴгһҩݾ׽£Ż˵·Ѿˣֻֻ弶ޣޣһ³ô࣬Ҳֻķݡ
Ȼ˵ţղŷһУûеĹ
һȻûҲ˶٣Ȼ磬ûмޣ
ûмǿޣ弶޾ȻʩչôоЩ޲˼䡣
һҩ¶ǣ˵Щ޺Ǳ壬ҲµĲ˸ıǵʣ˻һΪͨϵĸ֡
һ£һת㲻õģˮԹŲݣǸȻɫͬ˲ڻɰ˺
뿴һΧɽʵ·
ɢʶǵֻҪɢʶᱻȺΧ
ۺԱһһǷһûдҲﲻʲôæ
˵һ£ָԱһСɽɣ޵ϰߣһСɽڣǿͬ棬඼ǳڡ
ڣ
һüëȷ
ղţǸɽķûһֻǴﾭ
ۺٺһЦңֻǸ顣
˵ţҩĶ˺ࡣ
룬ջ۵Ľ飬Сɽȥ
ȴû뵽ɽͷľͷһֻΪǿڵ


123 
ڵʯƾոһĸо
֮ɽţƺ֤ûڶڡ
ʯڣʱžડӽ´ƺĳֶĹȶһ㡣
ʯϸС߳ûʩչֻƾŸоһǰȥ
֪˶ãͻȻͣһӵϼһ
ֱгأƬ̣ȷһѳһ޵߲֪ǶķŨȻһѵͽ׷ֻǲ֪ˣǽȥֻ
Ҳһֿܣ뿪ɽ
ȻзǾ֤޵ߣ·޵߹ĵط
ɽôǣһͽ޵߼Ȼܴ˵·ûޡ
ͨ;Уûһ޴ڣһһµ޵ߣ޷ߵ
ô˵·ͨ·ڣ˰ɣ
У۵˹
ûۣǰѵͽ׷һǰȥ߼һ
һ󣬹ƺ̫ãѾʴ
΢£ֱǲǶĹһˡ
ӹĽ̶ܳӦһߣڵΪ
Ǽ֮Ѳ²ǰѷˡ
沢ûбӣ֪ȥġ
ڵ˼£˽ʯһЩ򵥵ˡ
޵·;쳣գʱȥ֪ʲôʱҲ޵һԶ磬ʬ޷³
뵽̾Ϣһﲻһ᣺ϣǸʱҲԼһĺˣʬǡ
ƺе뷨ô޵ûˣ
ҡҡͷûģֻδʲôû˿Ԥ⡣
ЦһԤ⵽δˡ
Ĭţǰȥ
ͬ̾ϢһΣֻ˵ڻأ嶼ûˣһҪȥֻϣԺһ죬ҵһʵ壬ٴ֮·
޳
ϣ˭
֮·ɾһˣȴ·ϵˡ
ÿÿ뵽бһУһԽȥ
ÿεʱһڻصš
еģһȥ
ôϤȴ벻˭

Ͽ
ҡҡͷ볤һΪ֪ѾˣѾ뿪硣
뷨ֻˣʵδ֪δ
ϣһŮڵӭȢš
һĳź޸ϣ¶һǳǳЦݡ
֪ʱ򣬳ģûô
뵽˼췽½ҵ뿪İ취
֪ԭխɽĿֻ࣬˵ʯ˿̲Ҳ⡣ˣɽڵ֮ɫʧȡ֮һֱ䣬ĵı䣬ڵɱĺ£ҲЩ
ôԶˣЩӦ޷˰ɣ
ʶһѹڵٵѭϵıоʱӰ١
˿̣ȴ֪һͷŶЩǱ㷢ټ
ֻǣǸоڵλúɪɪڵء
ԽǰȥɱԽ裬·ǧ꺮ľ֮ء
أǰƾճһ͸Ļ֣ǰеͣ£һӴرС
һæתģʱ׼ʩչ
һһģվ壬ȴһѩ硣
ǰıʯһ𣬱ʯе϶ڣһ侧Өı
ѩ覣ûаʣһϸ΢ĳҲ
һ޴ɽȸղͬսɽҪ࣬ѩʯȻԷгɣʹǿıϵΪµ޵߾ǿʩչȵҲ޷ñѩʱ䱣
ղŴǲ㻤֣ȻҲһ󷨡
ֻ󷨲õʮָȻܴ룬ֻǲ֪֮ܲܰȻȥ
뵽ʶڴȥ
ʱһ˹ˣҵı磬ˣֺαȥأ
һΪĵӲԶлЩζĸо
岻һղʶɢΧһУȴûиӦһԷɽڣȻûзɴ˿ɼԷΪʹߣһϢֶҲࡣ
תʱѪĸо
һ鼫Ϊ⻬ıʯϣһλΪŮӣŮӵòΪˡСɶ־µĹһ˫·˵Ĵ۾ϸҶüӣһĺСϣճǳǳЦݡһеһУһż
ϣʹԵĳҲҪѷɫ֡
ˣһĸо̲סǰһӵ뻳úõĺǻһ
Ѫԭϵװ硣
Ů·ٵĿڱһЩؼλϵһСɵĻȹȹ̣˫ڱʯζȹµķ֣¿˫׵ĽѾɫϢ
һĻȻǿˣһ˲ҲҪʧ֡
ˣһǴδйŮ֮µ֣屾ܵ˷Ӧ
ŮӿһЦԴ¶һ˵ĿɰҸоҪˣȻҪΪβ߹أ
˵üë΢΢ϸ¶ɻ֮ɫĲ֪Ϊʲôһ
ճյؿŮӣɫ𽥱ã˫ʶ̧𣬳Ůȥ
еۣɫ䣬ͷ
·ûһǰȥʼ⿪ϵ·
Ůüͷؽ⿪ֻ̧֣°ͣճյĿ롣Ŀ⼫ᣬһӿԶɷڴƿ˵ŨŨ㺡
У۱ףȴûûа취׳գͣ£Ĺȥһᱻ˸ɣҶʣ
˵Ȼʲôŭ쵰Ȼɽֻѧģѵ˼䣿
װģˣ˼Һ㡣
üΪģֻл֮۶Щܲˡ
۴һ£쵰ҪҲҪʧУɽ綥׵Ӹ˵ΪֻҪԲǿҪʧҡ
ں룬ԭԺǿȴǶѹǺ֮ƪõһʱ䲻ȶ˶Է
ÿһͽһ֣ɲ뿴뱻ȥѪԪһȥ۵Ҳöֻ࣬ʹɱҲƷɲΪһֻıŹ
˿ֻ̣вʮ׵ľ룬һ·Ҳȥ߰˰ˣֻһɫ»ϡ
ͻȻͣ˸֮ɫ⿪µ֣˻ȥ
¶֮ɫ۵ǰػ˼£зޱ˵ҺܣҺ롭
ˣ
ٴαãҲ
¶һǳǳЦݣղܵ
꣡
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ʮ׵ľܿ죬գۼһ롣
ףףףס
ʣһʱ̲סˣ쵰ȥǶҪ군
뻹Ҫǰߣеɫ޲þ͵ذֻˣ۵һûϢӰһӴƮ


124 
׹ͻأĳǰǰʩչıһ
һȣͣǰеĽŲҲ̧
ĵ˲ñ䣬ۣ˭
ʮֵģ±һɵˣȴ¶мЦݣ˵ѵ㿴ôһΰġ
һЦ۵Ļһֻʣ»ѣòôš

εЦЦˬĳϵһֻʣ»Ҳ⿿˾ѪҪǿĶࡣ

Цһ£ȻһֻޣǾ֮ܰɱ
ɢһɱĺΧĿռʱñޱȣʹһ֮Ҳܸоǹɺ̺ſµĹ
ɪɪ˺󼸲һЦмֻǺ棬һֻô
ûа۷һֻʣ»ǵη塣
һֻĻҪ࣬һЩ飬һѧģ
ػӶŽ׶޳Ĵȣѧģʵ𣿡
ʶĵͷȻ˼䣬һֻ޾ȻΪѵͷ𣿡
˵⻰ʱɢһӴİһЩ硣
ܵ΢İ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦЦ磬Ӧ֪ͷһ˵ȫǾ޴Ц籾棬ƾʵõҪĶƾʲôͷң
ƾʲôƾʲôƾʲô
˵ֵʱ򣬱ʹڿоþõĻص
ܵдʶĺﾪȻʩչղԼ֣ʱѾɢˡǹճèϷһЦݣﲻһŭôһΰķ˵𣿡
ʿɱ衣
Ϊ壬λڶ׵ĴڣʹʧȥһΪҲܱһֻŪ
ЦЦվΪȻؿһۣȷʵǼ֮һһûеϡ
˵һת漴ʵأȻһ޵ߵĴУ˵ʲôϡ
ŭˣҵ£ʡ
׵ĽѾھ޴ıϣ¶һѩ׵βͣղţû¶β͡βͲֻдСɶɰһβϣظһβͣ룬಻ȻټľֻҪľѪԪٴνס
һӱβϱԿֻѾӵа˼޵ʵΪβѾСˣٽһΣβͱȫʧúһ仯࣬ӵһ幹죬ٶҲʵ
޻ûҲǺһеޣֻдﵽżʱ򣬲ܻû࣬ȴһֻҪﵽʵɻûģ˱βһಿλಢ
˼ޡ
۳ʱҲܳˣҲµòǧϵʱˡ
ͷǴǧ꣬û뵽һ˺һֻ
˵Ц
ǧꣿ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǧǰ
ᡰסһ漴뵽ʲôҲ˽죬Ҿʵˣǧȷʵ޵Ҵһ㲻ˣҲ˭ġ
ʵҲû޵ߣֻǵõһЩھ
ȫѸղŵ׵һߣŵʵô˵ͨƬ½ˣ
ش漴ЦΪʲôҪ㣿
ڨڨЦһ£ʲôȥ𣿡
һ㶣ʶʵܴҴ磿
۵ͷʮֿ϶˵ܴȥ硣
ݸһЦŵ˵Ҫȥ磬Ϊڻȥ
۵ҸմӴгûҵȥܸͨһȥ
ۣͺ񿴵һ׳գ֪ͨͨһҪȥ𣿡
ۺĳЦ˵Ȼȥ磬ûо׽ٵϴӣʹһҲף㵱ɱһȥҿ԰ҵϴİ취
üһ۵Ļȷʵûһֻ޲ϴϵûһֻ޲ǰޱõ磬ûһֻ޲Ϊһֻޣڱ޵߳Ϊ
ǣţǰֻлǵղŵĳŵ˵߰ޱȣһسŵ˵еʵǲһȴûеףһֻԸĴУ;ֻɿ
˼Ƭ̣ƾʲô㣿
۵Զ磬˵һ飬ΪʲôӦ

ЦһҴӲţµڱҵϣԣҲĻ
΢΢һЦʵȻţΪ޵߸Ժ㻹Ҫѧأ
һǲһôҲĿĵģΪһǿ޵ߣڸ𣿡
۰ڰ֣ǻһȥҲĿģǿǻ˫ա
ҡҡͷͣϣʱǲһҸעǰ棬һտڵĳŵ
˶٣ֽ˵ҪˣֻҪܸһЩʺҵҿԿǷŹһ
ɫһ䣬ȻУ㲻ɱ

ЦںּۻҪûּ۵ʸ񡣡
һƯǰ㲻ȥˣ
ЦҲ֪ȥ·Ժ֪ˣҵУ㲻ȥ𣿡
ǲأ
űһһٵʵ
ƺģЦ˵Ҿɱ㡣
Ц£ôı䣬ûа㷴ء
˼άȻ޽ӽ࣬۸оԼ˵
˼Ȱ˵Ҫɱʱ򣬱һһɱϢʩչ˲ϣһƮڵǰһ룬˵Ȼòô廹׳ʵ
￴һϷأ
һ¶֮ɫۣЦʵҴڰأ
˫˵˫ۣһƳɫʱޱģʹֻʣ»ǵۣҲúЩء

СɵͣЦϧֻлǣҪȻһԺһֱʲôоأ
һֻһ˺Ƶ±ȫ˺ֱ䡣
Ƴһ۵ҪҪҰ·Ҳ˺£ȻԼ·ȫˣΪһأ
ޱģʶһ˿Ϸˣζ뿴ֻ߰ķĻ󣬻¶ı顣
һҧгݵӣŭű㾿ôſϷŹ
ϣ
ۿʵŵӣѵ֮Ǹϵ
üͷһԭ˵ı顣
ޣ
۵˱һۣŭΰķˣôֹ֮£źйϵأ
޼ɵЦһЦνǰΰķˣ㼤ʲôѽû˵ʲô
˵һ£ֽ˵о仰˵ˣȷʵйϵͻΪҵˣ
ˣСŮûʱˡ
ӰһʧһͬʧĻ룬ֻĵڱѩɽϿջصţȥзˣʵڼįͣɢʶ͵ǵ
̾Ϣһ׷ȥ֪׷ȥҲı䲻˽ֻ벻Ҫ̫ѿ
أһнصڱѩɽϿգűôܣôû£


125 ѩ
ĺһϲӰһƮɽ֮С
˿̣ɽڵһڣվˡ
໥ţеɫȴͬ
һʧ룬ӣС΢΢ſŵĿ롣
ͷңнһƽûа飬ķ·ǧ꺮ѩ
ôû£
룬ŵʵ
һЦǵԻ𣿡
ղţȷʵֻȥһȥϵ·ʱڵһ˵Ľûٻ£Ȼɳԭе˲ʧӰ١
ֱ֣ɱȥȻʩչӦٶȴľˣӰһ㿪һȻסļǱˣһɹѪʩչ˲ʮεŰ˿Ĩȥ
ʹˣļϣϡԿһǳǳ˰̡
ţûмķȻڽӴаǹа˳ŽȥڣаЩ˽⣬ղһ¾Ҫ뵽аĵĲϱһ԰ס
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ŵҡͷᶨ˵
һֱָûвܵ£һĵ˽Щԭ˽
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Цһʲô˲ҪҲҪ֪֪Ҫɱҵˡ
Ӷâ֣ƬʱǰͣϰٵââǰĿУֻҪʶһЩʵһĽâԥĹ
˿ûе֮ɫΪ˼ޣӵкͳڲµʵẦһֻнΪ޵ߡȻһߣһʩչ½ʧâҲΪ壬СӣΪҲҳ𣿡
ۺٺһЦƯߣԱ֣ܲܶ¾֪ˡ
ЦУĴСĴвŰȫȻʵǿӵ𣬵ʱ˭ʤ˭ܻ˵
ʶһǰĽâಡһ򼸲֮ıٶȿľˡ
һЦȻ̧һӣһǵĺЩĽâʱΪɢڿУֻΪȻ˵ʵϵĲǲֲģȻâĳ뻯ҵĶ֡
ղһ£ֻ̽Ƶĳ֣ľнڴ˿̣ȻôģͿɣ
ڵȻУһɫĻʱ֮ϣűһֱɫ̫ͣ
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Ϊֹʩչǿĵ
ѩڻɫһ䣬ʧȻʩչ㾿
ļʶɲΪ½Ϊ˼޵߸ͲɽǿǵȷͬĺҲ٣±ȺҪ֡
û΢΢һͺȵȭ
һɫĻȭֱ˲ǰ
Ҵ⣬һϵָǰֻһ˲ѣɫֻ΢΢СһЩ
Ϊˣʩչһϵֱ֡ʩչʮ󣬻ʧ
ܣôǿ󡣡
Ŀ룬еɫֱ䣬ʹ㶮ΪҲ޷ҿ⡣
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ͺһԵıϰ׹һתһƴı׶˸ź⣬ֱ롣
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ͱ׶һ˲䣬׶ۿɼٶڻţϰٵ׶ǰһȫʧСһЩû̫ıϵ¶Ȼȡ
Ǳĵ̣Ϊ͵϶ռһƣһ׶ʧһƳ֣ͣЪӭ
Բβı׶Ҳûκΰ취ֻӲͷƤֵšƲѣۣûа취Ը
ֻЦһǰ˼ޣָܰ㡣
쵰
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ҡҡԴӦһ뵽ٸ㡣
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˿̣뷨սЦſŲϱС𣬵ȻҵĶ֣ҵҪڣжܹģСӣȰ㻹Ƿֵýú۰㡣
ʩչͬʱʩչ
б̲ˮɢŨŨһ۳޾ջ
ֻҪˣ˱۾Уղܡ
뿴һۣԺһѣΣ·ʧȥֱ
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ؼʱ̣۾ʩչХȸо΢һЩ
ʶΪһǰն굶御С
СɵϣɢڵĹâһĻ
ն굶ͬһȻȥʶʱ
һ㿪ն굶ĹȵСܵܣΪߣ׷в٣ý㱣漸ô
ô˵ȴֱշХն굶ɱʹΪ˼޵ҲЩη塣
һоȫϨ𣬸ʩչȴڵ֧š
ȻҲЦľˣǷֵɣҿɲʩչǿĵ㣬һһ⣬ҿҪŶ
꣬ܡ
۾ȴûйرŭһ˫߶һģһ룬ȫաɢʶӦΧһСĴһСõİƿУһеĵҩС
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ɽڵҲôط˶ĻƷӼΪǱͣţʩչǿʱ䶼ûСһмֻ򣬼ʹ˲ҲҪºۼ
ڣŭˣۿĻûͣЪӣ㣬ʩչһĴָıϵֺ˫һͺһ򡪡ѩ⡣
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ѩ·۾һ󣬴вɱͣЪһ


126 ػ
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127 
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۵˵ͷһԵı诣ŵʵأս𣿡
֪۵뷨˵޶ȣֻͷǼ̳ѪͳȻû˵ʲô뿴ĳΣһֱεõ诡ԭӦĻָ˿ڣУҪһߡ
뿼ǵʱ򣬱һ˫۾ضǵ֮ɫһڷ۵飬һ
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뿴һۣܴ߳ɽҾñ诺ڴС
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ɲһֻһҪҩȻ󽻸롣

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ˣۻشæ˵ˣ˵ȥҾϲˡ
˵һǰһɽȥǸһ˵һѪĻŶҲ


128 ˮľ
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ൽһҲԼЩˣðɣ
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˵ͻȻСӣһΣҿ㻹ܾٴΣҪΪڡ
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УЩм
ֺٺһЦŲæĴӴмһԴЦʵܲɱأ
ӣͱɫͬʱһ䣬Ǿĺ


129 
ǰһƾɵϵһ
Ȼۣȴɢž˵Ȼһ׵ķ
课ĺʧεõģ
˻һԭѹֻñΪ֮ɫ
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ָ֣˸ҫ۵ĹâһɱͷŶֱֶȥ
΢΢һ㶣һһ˲ɱǹɱ벻СӻһɱȻշľ硣
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һٴγŮӵߣЦСӣһΣ˵е߶似ǽȻҲʩչҵ뿴ϻжٺö
˶٣ϴһ켶ĵҩҲһóɣ
һһСʦãʵͲҰ˵
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ɫһϲģ
Сʦã˵仰ɫ΢΢һ䣬û˵ʲô
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Ůˣ̫ɵ̫ɵ
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ϵ΢Ц̣˫ȭ𣬴³һػˣң
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ͬʱҲһ㶣ͣڱеҩƿϣȻ켶ҩ̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣡
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ӴĽɢ˵ѹѹ£Щﾪһڵ޵ߣȻеη壬Ҫ֪ԪӤڵǿߣȶԷ߳һ硣һȫ졪


130 콣
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Ӱķᣬ·Ҫ˲նɱ
콣ҲһĵͷųӴǿС˲ʧƬ̣Ӱֻʣ²һ롣
ЦһһԭɫĽӰȻɽɫӰ̺ɱӡ
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Ӱשϣ죬שķˣЩӰûһˡ
Ƭ̣Ӱʧ˴룬Цһһһȥ󣬶СӣΪɱңҪףԪӤںͽ֮ЩԽĺ蹵ʹپҲ޷ֲΪϵĲࡣ
ûֵĻһʶֳʣ಻ĽӰ󰵰ڵŹֵķһȭȭ
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أһɹ·׼˹ֽҪֵλһƬС
ֵӰһֱ֣ȥߣ޷ֵĹæһƣǰһ촫ǰĶƣҪϡ
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˫ֱͷ­¶ʹ֮ɫоʧһûʱȥ޷ȥʱڵؽͷųһ͵Ժеľѹʱɢ
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Ƴһᣬ֣ôõӣ治ɱ㣬һϳһΪ
ſڹֵͷϣͷųһѰҵֵԪӤȫӿУԪӤھ֮Ȼ顣

ԪӤ飬ַЪ˹ĺ
һΪûˣеı붼֮ʧȥ
ֱͷʹĺһŭᣬΪʲôΪʲôҪңˡ
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ؿᣬƺڿһİˡ
Щȥˣƽɷӣʶ壬һջǡ
죬һڹڹֵͷȥˡ
УֵĻǱУڵľĻš


131 Դ
诿һ۱ȡǵĹ֣Ůô죿
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һ۵ĹֺĴѾʧȥȫΪҪЩҲ˷ѡ
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û߽УһֲԤУߵı诵ʶЩ𣿡
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ַ˰գǰһ޴ľľߴǧףռǴľˣһȥǵһ㡣ľȷʵԳΪˣ볤ô󣬶δ˴ľֱ޶
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ϸȥľϵĹʵԼöÿһöʵ϶ɢŨ
Ϊʢģȴ͸ĹʵʹҲŵ洫㡣
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˵ۿľ¶̰֮ɫǺֶΣжԴȻǨƵһֻˣ۾һ֣Ӵ󷨾תأ
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һЦγȥѰףǼģ֪֪𣿡
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۵ͷɽ󷨿϶˼ƷתϽڽǿ󷨣ǼҲһ򲻿ܴ󡣡
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ʵ۸һö鵤ﲻɻѵöҲǻʵԼƳˣεõԴأ
뵽ٴʵ񵤳Դ⣬ҩܴܲ棿
ҡҡͷʮֿ϶˵켶ҩУȻбҩȡһ˵Щҩ˼ѾʧأҸղŵ˵ľ񵤣ʵҩ䷽˼켶ҩ඼ҩ˼䣬޸ĺҩ
һ£ȻҵҩƳĵҩǲǾҩˣ
ۺٺһЦĿ񿴵һ׳գǣȻҩҩҩҩ˼ûУ΢Ķһ¡ʹһöҩҩҲֻܱ˼ǿôһ㣬㲻ҩ
˵ͻȻСӣ벻Ƴ񵤣
һۣû˵ϻ
һ취ԷõԴ
Ĵ
ʲô취
΢΢һ㶣Щŵʵļٵģ


132 Ϲ
˵ʵ۵ĻʼձŻɵ̬ȣ
¶һ°ϵı飬ģʹòԴҲ
˵ţѻԴİ취˵˳
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˵۽ӵûУȥŪԴ
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ۿ诣˵㲻ȥðգȥһ˫޳ɡ
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Դˣв׵ľ룬ľڡ
׳֦ϳɫɫ϶е׺һſžӨ͸ĹʵɫȻͬԴЩͬɫĹʵӵвͬԣɫǻԴɫǷԣɫԡ
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һ죬ʵֻյʱ䣬֮û˲ժУŨƮɢСԴûг²ժ̷֮󣬶һϵ°빦á
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˽ʮףɳ˳ֻûа㶯ٽһЩһЦѵֻ˯ˡҲǣɽˣ˵ʱ䡣
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ȻԴУûг֣Щ˵ô㣬ҪҪһЩأ
Ӱһʮ֮⣬ȻǱãɴ಻ʩչˣʩչٶȻһЩޣԶͬʱҲ˵ˣЩԴʹˡ
𣿡
ЦһмΪ뿪𣿡
밵һãͻȻоǰһæͣǰݵ壬δһͷװһīɫĻϡ
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֪β׵뿪ˣʵ̫ǵϢĳǰȻûиӦղɱԼǻǶָˡЦһתʱɫ䡣
ǰʮ⣬һԼ׸ߵޣ޵ӼΪر
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˵⻰˦һ仰ԼŰɣ˱
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Զɽϣ诿ǰֵѣҲһϹôô죿ҪҪȥ
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ѴһǷ˫ͭһĴۣ˳ĵ׳ʵһóˡֻҪҳԵ⣬һȥ˵ʲô
ɴľˣͨ˳һ

⻰һתҵⲻóԣĳԶĻҿŪϲʳ
Ȼʹ˵еһϲʳֻҪץס㣬л뿪
Դ¶ΪԻɫŽɵʵʳ


133 ζʳ
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ѻЩţԴ˵㣬˵ãҹҾһΣҾͰˡ
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΢΢һ㶣ЩʵζҳԣѵҸҲϣ
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ѸҪӦͻȻ뵽ʲôæĿڵУһһȥô죿
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ҡҡԴΪԸ˵Ǳ˸Ū㶫ɣ
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뵹һ޺ôͨǧ֮⾹ȻҲ׽סޡ
ɫ쳣ѺٺһЦӦ֪ҵ˰ɣñʲôء
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ô룬ȴ˵
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ǣҲ̫ǿ˰ɣץסһֻ߼ޣͺץסһֱô򵥡
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ɫһϵʧŵɪɪޣͷ£һοˮ£ܳΪ˵ʳңòҪһĸѿ
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΢΢һЦż˵ҪԵζһҪģԣζһۿۡ
ѲһЦϲԭ򵥵飬ҪŪôӡҿ򵥵Ŀһ²ܳˡ
˵˶٣ֽ˵һô꣬ûŹôʳ㻹ա
һЦʲôգֻҪտ˶Ū
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ЩǶķ⣬һԸࡣ
̧߰ͷ­ΪȻ˵СӣòҪܾҵĿ޵ģ㲻ЩԴǾǿҲҡ
ôԴǧö²ɵӡ
ԥ¶һжɫһշζʳ
ĵͷҪľЧֻҪķ⣬Ҳ㡣


134 Ȼˣ
һͷŵˡ
ָһǰĽƵĻ¹ѵԳˡ
Ȳߵ¹ǰһſڣʱһԵ֮ǻ¹㱻һȥ
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СӣȻˣңʲô𣿡
ѷŭѣ³µʳȻ㣬׽һ㣬ʡʶ㻳ʳ涯ֽţΪΪԺĻ¹ôҲָо
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Ϊ˰ѣǱλλѳʳʱ䣬ѵʶ˵еѰʳʳʱʲô¶ԷŵһߡʵҲڶģǲĺʹ˵еһ
ˣɹˣȻһĴۡ
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ҲпԣڵΪʩչ˾磬޷ʹ˾ѪǿǱܣʩչǿġǧԭֻԪӤ޵߲ʩչһʩչҪҲǾ˵Ķࡣ
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诲˵ԳΪѵʳΪ뿪ȡʱ䡣

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ô˵Ǯûж֣ûаɱ诣꣬ûб޵ɱǰ޵޷սʤ֪Ѷˣ֪ʲôսʲô˱ܡ
һھΣǮĻʱӴʱȷʵ˵Ļ
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̧צӰһƹȰȥ


135 ɱ
һϣɡ
课һǮҡ
̫ԶѾܣһǮȥ
УǮһЦֻǰֳצӰȻȥ
ȥɣ
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һצϣûǮɣɢһҫ۵Ĺââ˸УצӰɢ漴ڽǮȵɫУ屻һӴɣڿлһߣײʮ޴ɽʯصˤڵϡ
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޵ʵҪĵһ׼ɽŪһЩȥԺҲûôõĻˡͬҲõҩĺƤֱһأھ˷ѵõĻᡣ


136 ɱ¾
ϵɽǮԭƬΧٵͽޣЩ޵Ĵֻ弶ңʵͱ诸ûʱɱֻޣɽ洦޵ʬ壬ǵƤëȴսС
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ΪһͻƣѾﵽڵĶ壬ɱ¾еԽ˸⡣
ˣܴӽâ似µļܡ
âɢγһԭһ似ΪȺ֮
һǰΪȵ˵似ˣ
΢΢һЦôˣ
诿ϵɽɽϳһֻżûɱȫˡ
ƬɽУǿıǾżޣޡֻԷΪó֪ͱ诵ǿʵû뿪Ѩǿ˼ʹҵҲ޷ɱ
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޵ʹԷΪһЩԺҲܰСеޣ޷ģȻʩչ򣬳ᱻŪ
Ȼӵߣֻס߳һླޣ̫ͬ޷̫Ρ˵ǽΪֻסżޣżޣʮޣʹܹѶԷסԷƬ֮ѳ
ʮյɱ¾õö⻹弶ϵޣЩΪ̫͵ޣҲû鶯֣еĵͽ޶һɱټɽưʱ䶼ɱꡣ
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诵ͷѻһЩеĶ˳¶˼ʯһЩԪӤɽȻ䱦ĶǽʯԴԼ˵еףôĺöЩ޵֪ǻȥðա
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΢΢һ㶣漴ЦȥҲȥ·
֪һ²뿪϶Ȱ˵ǿİ취
벻ûİ취ɽȥĵطȥˣʹûȥĵطҲʶ̽ˣûзĵطҲ˵ﻹбĳ·ȴûʱȥˡ
Ӵóһö񵤣Ը诣ţԺõϡ
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Ӧ˱诵Ҫ󣬸ڵ󷨣һӰ⴫˹
һŮӣʮֺΪʲôȥƬ򣿡
ЦЦӣѵ㻹ֻǿޣȥٶҲûá
ˣɽлεı
ʮǰջ񲻴󣬱һɽѰ
һ·ǾȲѣеޱɱˣ벻ʲôɱ¾ѵǾͲľˣΧˣǱΪ͸ߵľˣǿķŻ
뵽ǰļϹȻˣֻǿ߲Ż޼ɵɽɱ¾
ˣмϹѾȥˡ
õԴ˵ҪҲȥǼϹǣţֻӦûй֡
ûлشһ£˵ðɣȥԶԶĿţǼϹԸˣǾͿߡ
ʱһӿдǲˣɣ


137 ǿʵ
֮ϣһȰ˵ǰ
޵߲ǱˣǱǿߡ
Զϴһ˿ζЦ벻ˣȥˡ
һԭ̤ڽµķǰһͨɫĳ֪ʲôɣ쳣ɢŵĵ㺮⡣
ɫͬʱһ䣬Լ˷ĿźԶ
Զûг֣û˷һɨһӣҿԷ㣬ȴһҪ󡣡
벼õ൱ʹĲԶҲûз󷨡
һѾ뵽Ҫʲôˣͻƿ𣿡
ԶûзϣͷҿԽΪֻҪӦ˫ޣҾͷ㡣
˵ֿ꣬һ󣬼ͬҲԷ
￩һ£͹ϵȻȴ뿴Զ裬±Ӧæ˵ԶӰȡ֮еôǲ̫ˣ㻹һɳϣҶе
ž
һֻһӰһѪİӡ
ԶһмһСҲǰ˵Ļ
ȭͷŭźԶη˵ôɱ𣿡
ߣ
⻰ԶһЦɱ㣬Ҷ֡
ʿɱ裡
̰֮ﱾûȥԶ㲻Ҫ̫֣Ȼɱ㣬Ҳô׵ɱҡ
ԭ뱨ľ֮ɽô;ãûһϢ
ͺһıǹճǹָԶ
ŭźԶͬʱߣϵܣҲ֮±һֵܡ
ûߣתҡͷҲߡ
ԶûгֵĴ㣬Ϊܴ£ûж׵ķѶвһЦˣǵΪһûԪӤڵ޵ϷвķȻ˲Ϸ򡣡
˵⻰ԶɢһӴƣϣγһӴľѹǿѹʱǹҲʼɫ˲԰ףֽһ㡣
ΪҲҶ𣿡
ԶЦš
ƴȫֵʶѹɫһ䣬ѿڵҴӦ㡣
Զʶһϵѹ˲ɢʵˣ
ͷ϶Ļشˡ
󣬵ȴΡ
ۺԶɱɱ޷ѺԶħƣ˽ԶֿʲôһҪõˣɱһǿԼ˫ޡܽ⣬Ըȥ뿴ű˺һ
ߣ
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Զ΢΢һЦΪȻ˵ֻҪӦңʲô˵
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Ǻǣ
Զˣûôˣ㵱ΪҲɱ𣿡
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˵ţ־𣬿ץλá
ֻҪ޵ߣһĻ֪Ҫʲô
ԱԪӤ˲ǿֵסԶĹ
ԱԪӤʶɢȥֻؿռĻᶼûС
ʶһ޵ߣʹ֪ԼҲѡ·
ʱһԶֱϣֻһ촫ֱ㱻ˡ
΢΢һ㶣֪ղųֵһǿߣʩչֲֹ½ûһļʩչ޵ߣֻһˣ֪Ҳһ㡣
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ɱȴ˾ˣ;ÿЦ
Զɫ΢΢һͬƬգѣµһЩ˽£ϣ㲻Ҫ֡
һߣͬܿǵֶʮָԷȴ䱾˵ὣҲ޷ֵز
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ںԶ˼֮ʣҲû뵽һ˴Ӱ˳
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Χõ󷨣ΪСҪʯʯһ׷תС󷨣Ƶҩʱ۸󷨣˵󷨵
СԶԶûôֻڴڣҪҪƽʱּ࣬ϴ󷨵ϢȻڵ޵Ҳѷ֡ûеĵλãС
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һ췽½޵߲ͬ췽½ϵ޵ߺ˽棬ǿΪաʹɣж޵ҲˣڵĶǿпһЩؼ
ȴһЩʯɱ˵õģɱЩӺ͹ֵˣϵʯɱӡ־޶ĺΪңЩϣܷǡϵʯ̫࣬ҲһЩЩĶ
ִĻ˵ںǿзŴǼռ䴢һƬ򣬴Ŵͨռ䴢Ҳв١ЩֵĺϸеķеķҩģеĴŵҩ
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ԶһƲѣԷǽڵΪΪš
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ԷʲôѵлΪ켶ҩɣ
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˼ޣϾųϳڵΪ뵱ƷҲǶԷС
бȻõģɫƽ˵ҾվҪûɱˡ


138 ʱ
Զɫ쳣ѿҲЩڣף˵ŵĻʱʲôѵɽʲôͻȻĲرͼ
ѵСĵõ˲رͼϵĶɣ
뵽Զʵõף
￩һ£ת۱еԵɣЦŵûõ¾֪ˡ
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һ仰ԶûףһΪõ׾սʤ𣿡
򶨣ȴˣĵõףʹΪٸߣҲѹƶԷķ
˵Ϊ½ϵһʹڶ޵ߣûҲ޷ƶԷķǶԷΪ̫޷׵ĳ̶ȣڵ޵߼ʹɱԷҲܰѶԷס
ںͽڣȻܴ󣬵Ҳûб߼ʵ֣ԶҲţûбֶΡ
ͱ໥һۣ漴һȻհ
ɫȻû˿֮ɫǴǳǳЦݣԶǰһǿߣȻΪһҶе߳ܡϴ㲻Ҫ켶ҩУҲҪˡ
һƿС
ƿǣŨҩζصΧĿС
ƿҩƶɵ굤
Զͫһеҩƿ굤ȻʥҩУ
һ֮ɫȻ벻뻹굤
ЦЦʶһе굤ƿʧ
һƿУֻ΢΢һЦԶǰǺֶΣֻҩ֪ҩ㿴ʲôҩ
ôúԶھзڰеı诱ܳ͵Ϯ
ŵһɲͬ굤ҩ㣬Զɫ˱䣬ȴû˵һ֣⡭
˺ܾã벻ʲôҩҩĳ̶ȷʵ켶ҩóҩ˵ʲôҲţһ޵ô켶ҩ
ȵĻں档
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ƿҩһƿǣͱϳˣƳ켶ҩ鵤
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仰Զ΢΢һ㶣漴شʲôҪ󣿡
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Զֻоһ紵岻漴ЦСӣɱ
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ߣ
ԶȻŭˣߵɱ㣬ͬܵõҩ
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ĵҩȻҲܷãҩԻۿۡҩӵĶʧȥЧ
Զɫһæ˵¡
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޵ȫʩչȻľˣӰԭأѾ˾ʯԱߡ
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ҩڣԶĵͷȻǾ鵤굤һƿʲô
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ԶһЦҩƿ˷ܵ޶ɷⲻǱɡ
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ʶԶ⻰Цˣͱͺ񿴵׳һСӣ׻أ
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ϸһֺԶ쳣룬ڵҩֽţ
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ЦȻش
ʱһӰߣ˻δ֣ǵҵ𣿡


139 Ķ
仰Զһ漴վһò绨ľɫˣʶʵһɨ˼ޣȻһֻޣ
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ֵı诣ڶڣȴʵʱ͵Ϯ
ĵһЦüͷ㻹ûңҵ𣿡
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γɱԶ֪ԷΪڶǿߣһЩֶΡ
ڻɱ
ףɱԶҲҪصĴۡ
ҲǴϴˣ΢΢һЦ˴ĵڶʱڽпͷˡ
ԶҲŮˣŴĵʱʹ࣬Ц
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һֱɽߣСȥһЩоΣյĵط
ֱʮǰǿ޶һطܶȥȻ棬ҲǰȥۿЩ޺ָһʹ޵Ҳٶر죬һԶˡ
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˵ţ֣׼һΡ
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Ŷ
ʶĵͷʵѵ𣿡

Цһһʱ䲻֪λش
˻һĻҲЦô𣿡
ת룬ͬʱ˵ͷ
뿴ߵı诣֣صĽܵб诣Ӧ֪
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诱Ͼǰ˼ޣİ£ɱЩ˼µ޼ô֮
ʵǿľȵǣ诵ȻޣΪ֮µޣ诵Ĵջ󣬶鲻ԽȥЩޣܵǰ֡
ղűʩչǵϵҲˣףʹ͵Ϯ£ǵҲѵֵнӽһĿܻˡٶ诵ΪҲ˵Էúڵʵ
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ҲǣûеʩչǱࡣ
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˵ţ۽ǻƳһߵ롣
£붼ûˣҾŮˣӦýһ㡣
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诵˵ͷ˵ô˵㻹Ů˰
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诵һͷɫͻȻȻ
ڱ֪Ϊ¶⸱ɫʱͻȻһϢҲŮˡ
֮һ۾еЦŵôƯһŮˣϲˡ

ˢһºˣ·͸ƻڿ޲һطȥ


140 ʯ
һʱޱȣֻб诵ǴŵЦ⡣
Ϊ˽εĳ棬æתƻ⣬ɽջô
ûȥȥ
΢΢һЦӴóһͨɫʯ飬ջˡ
ʯϣʲô
ļûмֿʯ
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ôԶ׼ʯӦƷõļƷʯ
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뵽벻شʵʯǴҵģ
ϼ׷ȻǿĹͬᱻݻ١˽ʯȼޱȵĽʯʹԳǿߵĹҲѻٻ
Ȼһǰ⣬뻹Ժѧ֮
Ͼӵ𷨱Ҫȱ޵ࡣ
Цһʯҵġ
üͷ΢΢ʵҵģ
ͷػشǴһʧȥ޵õġ
֪ʯĳ𣿡
룬ʳĵ⡣
ҡҡͷҲ֪޵ڽϵɽȥҲµĲʯڽϵɽӦÿҵġ
Ļ˼һᣬߵı诵ʯ𣿡
诳ڱڣ֪٣ҡͷûУʯ̺ŽϵʣӦú˵һԴڽϵɽ
õʯæ˵ȥȥܲҵʯ
һ»죬ȥԴҲ𲻵ãЩ޵ߺѴսһʱܳ˻뿪
Ȼûзԣڵ뿪˶
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ʮֲ⣬̲סʵ룬Ϊʲôˣɽô޵ߵʬ壬ѵ㻹һһ񲻳ɣ
̾ϢһȻʲôߣǻЩ֮͡
⻰ɲ⡣
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΢΢һЦδشʩչһȥ˲Ƭڡ
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ΪˣôʯҲһôʯ
ʶΧ̽ȷʵûΣ֮һڽʯѵϿա
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ɽڣԭʯڱΣʯŷ֡
Сľˣֻǿһ塣
ޱȣĹâ£ܿ嶴ڵһС
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Ϊ˵ǶɽΪԿ޵ߵ̳Ρ
εʽʮֹӣȻ޵Ѿܳһʱˡ
мǧϣΪԶ
뻺Σÿһ쳣СĽ´Χ󷨡
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ЦһΧΡ
ðɣЩʯͷɽûУȻ޵Ǵ롣
Ȼ룬ͬ޵߶һΪѰΪλ￪һأ
ѵ޵߲ΪѰңֱԭ
ȻˣռôʯΪʲô
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¡
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˴ĳʹǧ֮Ҳĸоɼսʤĳβˡ
üͷߣȥʲô
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ȴôΪǿߵĳȻԶһ㣬û¡
ݸһЦĵ˵ֻϼһѴʤʱ¹˭ֻ˵أ
̵ͷּ򵥵˵˼䣬Լƿնȥ


ڰ˼


141 
ϣĵһתۼɵɽмƬ
ԶԶȥ޵ڿУԲٿŲͬķԴѡ
УϤӰǱǱԶ硣
ԶɫЩ԰ף޴ţ֪ξϴĵ⡣
˶ʩչȫѣûע⵽ҴҸˡ
Уһɫ·ߣʩչһѩȭͷСѩǵصѵϣŭһһѩ漴ɢڵϡԭƤëϣ¶˺ۣȻɱֹ˵ˡ
Դڣվ޵ߣҲϤӰ
Ǳϣ˿̣еĺԶѾڣֻʣˡ
ߣŭűԶȭͷ
һ磬Ǹ쵰ʵ̫ˣΪһֱɱˡ
ߣеϴп֣̾Ϣһ˭ܵùˣǿߣ鷢
ףʲ磬ҿǻ쵰е⣬Ĳʱ͵Ϯ
üͷһ漴ɣǳڵ޵ߣʹһһҲɱǡ
һŭѵܵĳͲ𣿡

һ̾Ϣô𣿡
շŭ֮£һӴʱԱߵľʯ
ֱϰʵҲΪرȰ˵¼Ǳӳ顣
εĵͷͻȻԶˣ磬㻹ǵС𣿡
˳ŹյȥͷǵãǸھ²룿
ԣ
տ϶˵
ʵ£֪ĲࡣǶˣں뻹йһ֮ԵտڵһĻ󣬱㿪ʼעϢɽֻҪ޵ߣʹϢ
ΪǺ֪һ׶޵ߣʲôͷ
ԭҲźû뵽롣
ֺ͹նһ̵ۣͷʩչ
Ƭ֮ߣ˵Ӧһʱ˾衣
뿴ǰˣҲһ㶣Ȼ֪Էͷǲ׶Էʲô
˱ɫĿű诣æ˵ѣλʲô𣿡
ֵͷܵ诵Ϊ֮ϣ￩һ£뵽ʲôˣȻһֻҲշ
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ԭɱԶӦϵϢЩˡ
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ʲôص䣿
ص֣ȤˣΪܳΪص鼮һǶĴڡ
ִӴȡһ鼮ݸ룬ѣ֪䣿
һԷȻóĶ
ͬʱ˵ȵ䡱ĸֺɫһ䣬¶Ծ֮ɫ
ǵһʵǴ½֮һ䣿
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飬˵˼䣬Щ޵ֻһ˵Ϊû˼䣬˵Ȿصһǿ޵У޵߷磬صҲ֮ʧ
Ĵ˵٣˵˼䣬˵Ѿ˻ȥ
Ȼ۴˵ûۼ
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˵һ£һתǣȰ˵¡
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˵ţܱ˵˳˵֮˫ͨ죬Ƿŭ֮ɫֻҪܰɱǸ쵰Ը͸ѡ
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ܾߵı诵ܴӦ㣬ܰȸ𣿡
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ûʲôģǱõѾжʱˣһֱûŪеİأΪǱصǲǼٵģԺһֶأ
ҩ䲻ͬȻͬһˣһ½ϵ֣һȴֲֿ֡ʶȴʶˡ磬˵Ͳ⡣
һֱû˵ĹգʱҲ˵ǰΪĶ֡
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Ϊϼʹûд˵еҲǿķ
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һͷͫŵɫ
ŵ񣬿Ǳʶˣ̲סʵʲôأ
˿ֻ֪ʲô²ûΣաѶԷֻΣյһ£һСģԷʩչὫɱ

ĵ˵˵һΪ򵥵¡



142 
֮ϣԶŷʩչǿĵ
أӰȥǧ֮ͣ
޵ߣǰƻĹպͿ֡
Ȼļƻʮܣ˻Щġ
ǹգﵣĲСһ·ƻвС
ȻģȰ˵û£һԳɹ
˲ΡΡڿУ໥һۣŭԶҳ
֮󣬷Բĵط
Χ޵ߣȻļԶʶѺͼǿߵϣȻҲֵĻ
޲¶֮ɫһСϣʲôʱôˡ
Ȼһǿ߽ӣ¶Էһ
Щ޵뵽ղ̸һĻ񣬸ӹˡ
û˳˿ɲϻôĵӡ
Զʩչֵ΢΢һ㶣漴תķȥ
տʼЩģԶֻһɻĿǣûг֣ҲŭԶɱܣǵˡ
һЦôĲһɱԶֻҪָͿˡ
Զ˿̼Ϊƣһڷйеա˴ĵԺ󣬽һŭ𣬡ӵСȻҡ
ֺηɫ￩һ£ѵʲôı
ʶɢԶ̷ԶˣȻˣСӿ϶Ҫʲô
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˵ţзһҪʩչ
ǲмԶô޵ߣ۸һС𣿡
Զһʵôѵһ𣿡
˵ţƳһڵķ
ЦЦֻҪܵιҾͿԷһ
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ͷųһӴѹڿֺ͹յϡ
ѹ£ֺ͹նʱһҲЩѡ
ʱѷһŭſ³һԶȥ
Զһ㿪ǵȻҾͳȫǣⵢҵĴ¡
ֺ͹󣬶һۺͬʱʩչԶȥ
ԶЦһ׷ȥʩչ
һһâ漴㿪ѵĹֵ˵ķ׷˹ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬ֺ͹ѾߣȻûʲôﶼһ亹
ղѳ֣ʱѾΪһʬ塣
һԶҲ˵ǰŷһЦСӣ벻Ҳ㣬ȥ޻ء
ʱһǿߵԶȰѸɵֲ˶ˡ
ԶһۣȶһᣬҰ⼸Сˣȥɱѡ
ʹ˶ĺ
ŭһǵӵСɱ𣿱˵ڵ޵ߣʮҲɱҡ
һЦƺûа˷Ӱһ߷˹Ǹ˸ңҪǸɱҪᡣ
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ǿߣѣһԴ
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΢΢һЦ
˵꣬ߵһٵȥ
ͬʱУźԶҲ뿴֮жĲࡣ
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ԶЦһϷͳȫ㡣
˵ţһâͷŶǰ
˽ľ룬뼴ʹͷŻҲ޷ֵæȥâ
أһӰһ֮䡣
ѩһӰڿ趯һڸڱ诵ǰǵâ
һ죬飬âҲ֮ʧ
ǺǣĽâ񹥻Ҳô
ӰźԶһЦ
Զɫһŭ㣬һֱ˼Ҳôš
诿Цһ˫ȥ
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ȥӰͣһ΢ЦĿźԶЦȻһҪúд㡣
ﻰԶһãδüΧ׹һһΧ
һţ·һ͸ĻУΧĻּʹʶӦҲԾ졣
Զɫ쳣ѿ룬Ȼ󷨣
΢΢һЦ㼴ʹΪڵ޵ߣҲųȥ
ȷʵС󣬿ԽʹΪڵǿҲ޷ֺ󷨵޵ߣԽڵĲ
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ʮâϣ幥ǧٿס
Զɫһʶһɨʧܣôȵ
âղŲϣһˮľϣľͷԣģϢϸ̽޷֡
ղţʹСںԶƤʩչλλ
Զδֵһʱûע⣬δе쳣
ʵСУԶʹʶȫɢҲδܷеİء
һǧٿ׵ľͷԶŭһΧ޿ռ䣬б¾ͺϷսһ
˵䣬ٵΧʩչĽӰڿУ˸±ʧ
Щȫˡ
Զ𲻵ãŭһ쵰б
󷨲˽⣬Ҳ֪βƽ⡣

Сд֪˰ɣ
Զûᣬվһâ
âգʧٴδˣ󷨲˽⣬˵ɱˣ˵Ҳܡ
⻰ûаţСûдﵽΪǿߣǿ
ʧһƾոںԶǰſھһ档
ȣ
Զæֵһɢ˻ĹȾȻУǼɱˣ
ûзϣͷЩӣȷʵɱġ
ԶȻصһͷ˵ѾͷҲûȻ㣬
˵꣬Цһתâʩչ˲ڻϣư˷
תۼ䣬ǧâڻϣŭһٴһڻ档
ߣ
Զת壬һ䣬ڻǰȥɣ
ϺڹХһؿڡ
ʹĺһ̧ǰצǰĺԶԶһӣնõӰϣȻͷţӴȻѶԷʶУǿнɱԽԽƬ̣㻯Ϊһ⣬ʧڿС
뿴һȼյȣ̾Ϣһ벻ȻƳȵĹܲƳأ
һƴСڿУǵСڻص


143 
֣ջǵСڻص
зŴ࣬ʹΪڵĺԶҲԳܡ
Զɫ쳣ѿֵſеڿеŵ˵ϾȻȱ
½ϣ٣ʩչķһ
ԶΪڵǿߣͬûһ
Ĺе޵ʮ
ΪϵĲȻ޷ֲСУҪɱԶҲǰѡ
ջǵڴлصţԶֵǿйر
һĵҲľˣԶֵƬ̣Ӧĵ̫ɱ룬϶Ϊľû֮ڱĵطҪ뿪ѣСڣûа취
ʩչι޹󣬺ԶЩˣǰգСӣбһսͷβĶڰ
УһЦΪǿߣһС𣿡
㡭
Զһʱ޿ɷŭ֮£еķӶ
ʱҲԼԶȥ
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ֵصĴֲ֧ϾУԶ޻֮
˿̣֮⣬޵ߴݱ˺Զ˫ʵ൱һʱԷֳʤ
ѿһۣСķΪȣȻɽ󷨣СͷС
˴ȥֻɱŭһĸСûʱȥˣɣ
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ѿһǿߣһЦһգԴķͻȻoһ⡣
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Ŵڣͺһ
һӴ֮ĴзЩ޵ߣδüʩչ㱻һС
һĻҲú޵߶Щη塣
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ԪӤڿʼ޵߶ҪԽԽߣԪӤʱḶ́عɵһ֡΢ĺһ޵ߣܴԪӤĹУǰ޷ĵ塣


147 ԪӤ
ֲסһһͷųһڣڱϡ
գͻȻʼˣϣϵһٳɹ
ԪӤһαܳɹлصʧܡ
磬ڵԪӤʱ˵ң
ʱ붴Ͽգ˸ľɫ㣬ҿʼ۳һƬ
Ƭʱ䣬Բĺڣֹ֣ԽԽࡣ
һɫ£׵Ӵһ𣬷ž졣
ڵĶڣһ𣬷ҫ۵ĹâԪӤڶΪҲ޷淢һС
һĻ󲻽̾ϢһʱԪӤĳ棬૵֮ȻʲôʱҲ޷֮ͬƿ⡣
һߵı诲ͬ˵ҡͷ޷ͬؿ⣬޵߻ûӵоԵ
Ե
仰ʱĺ棬æʵľ𣿡
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أһ£ڵĶϿգھ޴Ĺ£Ȼһ
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ؼܲ꽻ӣ漫Ϊġ
֪˶ãΧĹۣγһɢžɫâԲ
Բʮ㣬ɢž˵ѹ诵ѹҲЩ
ž
һ죬ԲͻȻѣΪӴڵĶڡ
ͬʱ׵Ҳʧؼָ
֮ڣȶͻȻſ˫ۣ⡣
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漴ǹճЦݣ˫ۡ
ڣĵطһߵӤӤȫ֮ɣɢžɫ⣬̺ӴӤװۣòͬ޶һЦգ۾
ԪӤˣ
ʶ˳ԪӤſ˫ۣվ򶴸ȥ
ԪӤ֮ԾŴĸһУʣûͻ̶ԪİʹһҲ޷۳ԪӤһ̣ĸӦؼһԣеһ
Ϊﵽһ˵ĵزʱ԰еԷֿΪԼá
˵ǻϵΪԴﵽĵزܴջȻյѭ۳ΪĻԴʩչȳɱӡ
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Ӱһ߳˶ڶǰ΢΢һ㶣ôˡ
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΢΢һЦô㿴ҲԪӤ𣿡
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ݸһЦղǵĶԼ㻹ǵ𣿡
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΢΢һЦҲȤȥ룬Һһ⡣
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Ȼݣȴû񵤵ҩڵòûΪضı䡣
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һ˼⣬ҲԵЩ״Ρ
ӵ䣬ʱͨȫľȻ°빦Ҫȱ޵߿ࡣȻӵоͨԺȫﵽѪͨȻͱ޵߲ͬҪԺͨ
ʶˣŻڶ̶̶ʮʱﵽڵĳɾ͡
ֻǺһЩˡ
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ʵԪӤ޵뿪壬ΪԷһҵ壬ɱԪӤΪήࡣΪͣʵҲۿۣͬ޵ߣûһսֻ֮ƾԪӤԶ
ԪӤ۶ɣӵһЩͨ˵ʩչٶȿľˣͬȼ޵ߣʹʹ÷Ҳ޷׷ϡͨҲԪӤ޵ıֶΣֵ̫ͨԪӤͬѡ
͹ֶľ£ʹǿԪӤ壬Ҳ޷ʩչ롣
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ܶԺ󣬵ĻȴһЦ⡣
뵱û뵽ﵽڱĻҪࡣ
ŵĻҲидȭͷҲʱڴﵽڡ
ͷȷʵ߶һǿߣԺĪİµҶҺ˵˵ԪӤľ顣
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΢΢һЦúô
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֪诲޵ķʸˣôкõİ취
Ϊİ취ɵ⣬û˲һ¡
ݸһЦûмڻش𣬶ǿһߵıſڵȷʵһ취Ҫһ˵ϲС
ʶ뵽ʲô𣿡
诵һͷ˵һƲѵĻ㻹֮ɣ


148 
⻰ٰ׳Ҳе˼
΢΢һ㶣诵Ĺʣ诣⻰ʲô˼
ݸһЦ˵Ϊķܼ򵥣һ¯
ϲһ˿ŭ⣬¯ʲôȻ诣ʲô˼
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ۿ֮Ҳͣϲ˵ͣ뵣ﻯŮﻯνϣ֮֮֮󡭡
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ƵĿһۣŲ˵Ҫǻ˱ˣҲź˵֮أСӲˣҲú˵һ£ʱĴﵽڣͱѾͷ˫ޡ
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۰һ䣬øΪȴֳôһ
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˲Ǳˣǰʱ뽻ֺ󣬲ǧԹ顣
ʱƺΪŲŶԣһ۳塣
ƾԹǿ۳壬ͨҲֻԹ
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˵ţͣڰ֮һƬ޵ĵطСӣˣǵǱȻ޷ǰء
ȷʵǱԹڵĵط˿ȲѣԷ½ϣôɲԹɹޱߺȻΨһĿܣԷ˴󡣶ԣҲֻдô̵ʱڰ
Ӱһ˵ߣЦŵ벻ּˡ


149 ʬ
ͻȻֵ룬Թ΢΢һ㶣ȵ㣬ô
΢΢һЦƽ㶼ô
Ϊ
˵ԹͻȻ뵽ʲôæĿڵʵҲûʲôʹ֪ԭҲûлȥ
˵ЦһֽŵԪӤ̷֮һڶʱڴﵽħľ硣
ħ飬õ״̬ӵ壬ͬ޷ֱһΪǾʹڶ޵Ҳ޷˵ﵽΪ֮󣬱׽٣ϴˢһ֮硣
ɵȻؿԭԹ飬û˿ĵ֮ɫȻôģΪβܸԭأ
ãԷ֪ϢһʹйأͨǸص췽½
ԹݸһЦԭϸ¶һ˿˵ջ󣬡ҿԸ㣬ңôġ
ﰵ̾ԹֶΣͨģתǸĺϣ㲻ţҿԴȥ
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һЦͱһۣȰɱȻ㡣
һһӴ֮Թǰ۳һɫСᦣᦱǰ۵ĸΪʵڹ˸ǺصϡĿ£ǺȻŴ󣬺Хһ请ȥ
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һ޻ڣľˣΧĿռ΢΢ЩŤ
ԹһƺЩмһʶźᦣ诣һֻǰһӣӴ֮ϯȻǹϡֻһķӴ޴ĳ£˵ɶ
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ӰڿһڣѵڵϣҪһõĵһѪ˳
ɫ䣬ʧܣ㼴ʹΪԹ飬Ҳͷųа
аؼϢȹϢ֮Ҫ֡
ԹһЦźͬЦŵûвܵ£ǸϲҲаķ𣿡
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ѿԹ뷨óѣԱʹһ˵һߵ񣬶ͷӰһԹȥϣʱɢһӴааԹͷŵĻҪŨ֡
ӴаڽϣѪ˵졣
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˵ʱȴƺᦣָֻԭģһȴӺڷ˳צȥ
ŷĹӶȻΪһɺɢڿС
ԹӵгϺڵΪԸȻЦСӣҲô׵ذɱҪĸȻʬ
ʬǽʬȻʶ󣬲ݡ
ʬǰһߣڱǳɱӡ
ԹĻɫһ䣬Ȼ˿ʬ
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ȥһǧĹڵõģҲһպ붷֮ˣһ·ɱˣѰһԹʮĵط
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һĹͷСֻһС濴ȥƽ档ҹ˾ʱ򣬷ȴɢ˵ԹԹϵĻҪŨࡣԹϲʩչ˵¡
˵£Թ龪ȲѣﾹȻһټĹѨĹѨ·ʹһľˣ˺ܾãҵĹ˵Ĺ餡ǹӴԹǴӹڷһ̣ԹתߣĹҸһִĸо
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⻰ԹŭһСѾͷҵ¾ԹԵ˵
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ɱ
ͺһȫ뵽ڣתһȻͷŶ
ЩǽӴѣʱУɱ
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ЩûбɱĻǣХһɵԹǰٵ۳һ޴Ļ塣һŮӣԼףĿɢӴԹ˫ֳצŭһȻצȥ
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Сģ
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ʵ༫£һʶûбĵ޷ʩչ
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ӴȻ£̩ɽѹһϡ


150 Ǻ
ʵ̫һɹ֮ͷŶͨﵽϡ
Ȼմ󲿷ֵϢʣڵѪһڡ
ԹĿ£һץס뾶ֱؿڡ
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ɳ˲䣬벻ʩչһϡ
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δ˵꣬ȴڿһһ㣬ɵڵϣϲûκ˺ۡ
ܣ
Թͫȵ˵㻹ûڵΪʹӵгڵΪҲΥס
Թ飬Цûвܵ¡
ʵղҲʮּգͷڵؽͷųһӴϵĳһϣҲˡ
һ˲䣬ҲܴؽڴϢ
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Ҳ˵Ժͱ˶ؽ޷ṩκΰ
ʶһϳһɫĿףһս
Թɫһ䣬ף׾Ȼϡ
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е˼ټ򵥲ˣھǰûɱˡ
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ӰһֱϾ
Թ뿪볤һȻΪޣ޷ȷܲܵסԹĹ
һǰмлл㣡
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˵꣬һ֮ɫּһ䣬ʱûдﵽΪ
ףʹԹûдﵽΪҲӽˣܹԹҲ㹻ˡǸʱԹ飬ûаջ˶ԷǧԹ飬һΪԴﵽԪӤڵĶ塣
һΧ߰ɣֻԹһưոݡ
ȥԹ˵ĴԹĻǼ٣ȥסʹûУҲûʲôʧд£ܿ뿪½
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һ·򱳣ͼԶ׼Թ˵Ǹ
üͷЩ˵ǺأһʱҲ޷ﵽǱߣ߿ɣ
˵ֽӵЩ޵ǺöȻв٣ҲںɱһЩɣ
ЦˣжȻ룬عҲö
ûлش𣬱ֵ㲻һ·ʵ̫ǸϿ϶޵ߣҲȥɵǺ滹Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
һ£ͷðɣ
ϣĵȥ
ںϣʶɢϷһĻԺС
룬һֻ޺ƤҰ
Ұϱˣʮ˿ڣͬʱѪ
ƤҰԱߣվ޵ߣ÷ַ
ɫۣԼʮ꣬Ϊڽڡ
ǵķ֣һ˵ķ֦һʯ
ûмķ
ʮ㣬ȻҲǶĲƶɣǸʯӵķÿһʯϵɫһЩʯɢӴѹƤҰķȻҲסַ
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ĿϷҰȥ໥һۣʩչ׷˹ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬˱׷ҰеķͬʱҰϡ
Ұ屻˳ȥʹڵϣϢü΢
ӵ֦ζߵͬЦЦǿϻȥ峤Ҫˡ
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΢΢һЦָҰߣȥȡ
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ž
һ飬ǿȻȥصײһôڵϡ
˿̣ǿ³һѪʵΪʲôҪ
һЦΪʲô峤λþ͹ˣƾʲô峤λã
һ仰˳
ǿѵվһգʯɵǰؿŹǴСһ𳤴һһоһֱ㵱磬û峤λãҪҿԸ㡣
һʵҪĶ㶼ܸ𣿡
ǿ΢΢һ㣬ͷֻҪеĶһ㡣

ЦһܺãҪС䣬Ҳܸ𣿡
ǿûлش𣬽˫ȭʵ⻰ʲô˼
ЦһҴСϲС䣬ֲǲ֪ΪʲôҪ
˵һ£ֵղŲ˵ʲôܸ𣿺ãҪС䣬
ǿҲһЦЦǲмСǻܸ㡣
𣿡
¶֮ɫǰķ˵죬ȻˣǾɣ
ԶһۣҪҪһ¡
ҡҡͷһҪģ¿ɫ
һɻսĽ⣬ΪʲôҪȥ
ʱǼ֦ХһǿȥۿҪϡ
أǿһʩչˮһߡ
һգӴʮľͣ
ɫһųʮɫǿʧܣ㲻𣿡
ǿ̾ϢһЩε˵ʱ峤ҷ㣬û뵽Ļҳ֡
һɱ⣬Ҳ֮ñȻʲô֪ˣҿԺһˡ
ǿҡҡͷҲɱ㣬߰ɣԶҪٻˡ
˻΢΢һͻȻ뵽ʲôЪ˹غ첻Ҳ뿪ġ
մһ֦̬ķǿķ򹥻ȥһȫ
ǿ֪һսֵ֮֮ĸҲڣǺοأ
ǰʯȻŴɢŵ⣬ӭ֦
ʯŴӣ岻һ
ʯɫһ⣬طȻʹڵõǿʯһģһ


151 ľ
ײһ𣬷޴졣
ӴĳɢΧľ£˲仯Ϊĩ
һ𿪣ǿ͹ͬʱס塣
ͬʱ˵ķַɵǵǰ
ǿ΢΢Щȣڷڲ
ͬʯһڶ׿ʯ
ֿʯΪûнʯǰأҲӲ쳣һķ
һЦΪ峤Ļ籮Ҳ֪㣬Ҳ֪εõϻࡣ
˵һ£ֽ˵籮ȻҲһƷӵĻ籮һ㡣
ǿɫ΢΢һ䣬ǺοأҲ뿴ֵ֮໥ɱ
ߣǿһɨ˵ֵ֮飬첻
ǿ̾ϢһãȻѾҲ˵ʲôʲôϣ㵽˵²ҪԹֵܵġ

ЦƺЦĻɱңҪû
ɫһһɱͬʱͺһľڡ
ڿлصһӴͷŶ뵽е֦̬ķڡ죬һɫâӷͷŶԱߵľУû
󣬷ָԭЩȥ̵ľͻȻϵ֦Ҷڷɳɳ졣
һĻЦЦǲмǿķȻ£κҶ
ĵȻȲҪ˼ĵ١
ǿһǾ֮ɫ㣬ȻԼ꣬
΢΢ЩȣǳԼꡣ
ͷգΪ˵õǿΪɱ㣬ôľʮ꣬ǵһʩչ㿴ľɣ

ͺһһմΧľͻȻ뿪棬ǿȥ
ǿɫ䣬ŷֵľ
ЩľȻǿȴҰһȥ
籮ÿһ£һľɢ
Χľʵ̫࣬Ƭľڵľꡣ
˶ľȫݣǿ֪޷ֵ
ͺһǿͷųһǰĻ籮ٴηŴľѹȥ
һ޴ĺӰѹ£˲ѹ˽һľ
һʩչŷһЦ춼ʩչˣ˶ľɱ١
Ӱˣ㿪˻籮ķΧżʩչٿΧľ
ǿǲɱΪ޼ս£һɱԷټľϵʹˣҲܽľϵʱڻָǧ㣬û뵽Ȼѧ
С˶һ𳤴󣬲򲻵ѣǿɱ
ô죿
ǿһӣҧҧ꣬Ѿ֮ˣʹҲҪɱ㡣
ͺһһھѪ˳ǰĻ籮ϣ籮ϰ׹һɢɫâ
ͻȻı䷨ɫһ䣬ˣʩչ󣬱ɡ
ǿȥߵѪЦΣֻҪɱͽϧ
졣
ǿͺһһַͬʱַһ
ַӣ˼䡣
ŵȻֹââʮҫۣȴ١
ŭǿŭȵ쵰ֲǾΪܿƻ籮Ϲӵо˲ʩչȫ㼴ʹģ³ԣҲ޷ٿ
𣿡
ǿоڵʧԪҲڼ٣ЦŵˣȻǾ籮ҲϹһѪԪΪۣѵʩչ𣿡
죬˵Ϲʮ󶥽׵֮һӵл籮;˲ʩչ
ǿΪĺᣬתϹ񻰣ȻûһȴвĵáΨһƵǣڳ˼ĵ⣬ûĵһ񣬱ܿѹڵһֻ
ֻȻֻʣ꣬ûȥ
˵磬ӵ
ֻҪԸȥͺĵʶ֮ᴫһЩ
ǧǰΪ׷ǿ͵͵ôˡ
һ⣬ǳˣ֮󣬶ɱ
ĺСģֻһ֮ûбڵ˷֡
ĿľǴӺﻻġ
籮˵ķʩչȫؿ⡣
Ȼֻһ˵
ûûл籮ûоˣǸδ֪
ûۿ˭ֻ˵أ
ȻڵλΪԼĺûп飬ҲǰŰɡ
˵ǿûм籮ûмӵоˣҲ޷š
еĻ籮ȻֻһƷǿţʩչԺ󣬿϶ɱ
ǿ͹ͬھȴŭӣҡ
˵ֹ꣬ͣʩչΪһ̹⣬շȥ
ʱȴˡ
籮ϾɫתХһշȥķ׷ȥתۼ׷
ɫâһڹϣ󱳶
תһֵĿǿͶ˼£ȴһҲû˵
󣬹ӿе£УϢȫޡ
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Ϊʩչʱջӿ𵴡Ǹղʩչ̫ƽˣƽĺʩչ΢ķ
籮һٶ൱ˣǿû籮еĹ켣㶴˹塣
̾ϢһиվȴһûС
ʶɢȵķ֣ȫľԪڿٵš
ԭļڿٵȥƬʱľƤһ
Ҫ𣿡
ǿ̾Ϣһ۾ȴ١
ʱһͷ𣿡
˭
ǿѵ۾ǰվ޵ߣ΢΢һ㶣ǣ
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ɫȻǿҿԾ㣬ҪشҼ⡣
ǿһϲתۼ뵽ʲôɫȥ
Ԫʧ˵ˣǿû˵ʲôܲ˵Ԫ
ʶǿΪںЦǰ֪ʰɣҲһ֮ˣֻϣ󣬰ҵʬᣬڵĵطΪ壬һ·򱳱аһ޴ĵ죬
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벻ЦӣǿŽɵʵа취ľϵҲ޷ָԪ
ʶһзɳһͨ͸Ĺʵʵӵǿǰ
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ӹʵϣܵӴ
óһöʵȻܲǿĵȫԪҲۻָ
оڵԪԽԽ٣ǿԥһڷ
ʱ򣬼ʹǶҩǿҲȥϣ£˭Ըȥأ
ţЩӵеĶȻ㣬ˣ½Կա
ûӱÿ˶ȥ
޵߱ǲԸûңҲ뱻ҡ


152 
֮ǿֻһ泩ŵԪڿٵĻָš
ԭɿݵ壬ۿɼٶȱ仯ţ𽥻ָ˵ģ
ǿȵŴͣŵɫôܣʲôʵ
΢΢һЦûлشǿĻЩ㡣
ǿһ㶣ֻҪܻش£һش㣬ҹڼܣɱҰɣ
ذڰ֣²ǣ浽ܡ
ǿЩ⣬ûж˵ʲô
ղʹõķʲô֣
ָǿǰͨķʵ
ǿһ۷ԥ˵л籮
ɻⷨǺϣν˲֪˲ԷΪҪֵ⡣˵·ϣֿŻȻ򣬴ӶԷĴӦòǱˡ
֪籮ֵֻǼ𣿡
ǵģ
ǿȻ֪ԷʲôʵƷֻǼ˻ᡣ
ЩǺҲʲôܣֻһʵԷȻҪһ顣
˵ͷȥ峤
ǿһæ˵УȴȥڲҪɱңҲ޷Ӧ㡣
Ӧһվ
һЦ֪ղ˵ĵַģİǸַǰȥָʲô
˼Ƭ̣뻺˵峤ҲУֻҪܻش⡣
ʲô⡣
ǿһ
һڻõĻ籮Уһʯǰɢŵ׹⡣
ⷨһ֣ǿ·𴥵һȫɪɪʧ籮ǻ籮
˵֮һ˫룬Ǿ֮ɫ㾿ʲôˣô
˵꣬ʶʲôæתƻ⣬ؿ룬˵ԭ򣬱Ҷǳ֡
һǷƵĻ籮Ȼǰ
㲻ǵĶ֡
뵭˵һ仰ͬʱ϶籮ǼӰܴ
ǿŭ룬ûзųĶŵӣ˵εõ籮ģ
ǿ¶ôһƣ˶һ㶣뿴ȥ
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ͷشɵ㣬Ϊһ־𣿡
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֪һ½Զû˵ﻹ½
ͷһǰĻ籮˵Ǽ𣿡
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·ϣǿʼһ¡
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ԭû֪ʹõл籮ʶһֱ˳ƺš
˵һǻһŮĺӣڱӵѪ
֪ɺϣôһι£ÿ£
˵ǿһ;СͿʼ峤Ľ̵
һ壬һֱѻһĳţÿ궼һμݴᡣ
ڵļݴᣬֻвһµʱ䡣
һΣǿһڵ޵߳ɱޣʵڵһ񣬴мѡȡһ˳Ϊδ峤пܳΪ峤ˣǿ͹ѡеԭ򲢲ΪжߣǺᣬʵ仹ûһꡣ
һﵽڣʺ޵㲻ʲôڻһڣȴټš
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Ⱥʮźɫ·ǹյֵܣϵرá
ûɢʵ˿ֻнڵΪ
ʶȺ޵߲ûп˵ʵ
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֣Ҳͷ޵ߣһЦҸʲôȻɱգΪʲôҳϣ
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ǿɫһ䣬뿪˵ֵǼ뿪ǻһɱ
˵벻ηǣҲǽΪбڣҲᵣĻᱻԷɵ
ǲأ
üͷһҲѻ˺ɣ
ֺ޵ɫͬʱһ㶣Լİͣǿϡ
ǿ
ֽȭͷЦȻҲһˣѵ㲻峤ͷ𣿡
ǿȻЩ˵ԭ򣬷ʵأΪǿͰ׸
ﾪȲѣûпʧȥһЩǣȻܸӦѵԷΪﵽһңɼľ磬峤޷飬ȻҲ
Ҫ֪峤ΪѾﵽԪӤڣǱ峤ߣ񲻡
뵽ǿһ
޵Ȼڶ࣬Ϊߵȴܴ࣬ﵽڵͬûж١
Ϊңȴ½ҪһЩģս
Щ㣬ʱ˻Х
ĺХͬߵȴһһ˴ûˣһǿȻ
˵һЩǿĺХɸߵͷһ˴ʹڵ޵ҲԿ⡣
ԭһҲмǿߣʮǰһΧĺХڵǿΪ˱ˣͬХ⣬ȫںСһս֮ԭǺлһЩʵĻһ壬ʧȥԭĵλ
ΪԭǲŴǺĺǨ㵽
һм˵ǰûڵ飬أ
˵ţָˣֱӰѼˣǻǴѵǰĽѵ
ǰһ壬һȫ飬Ǻġοšɳĸ֣ɱһˣһսνľ춯ȻԷûɳڸҲϰںʮԪӤǿߡ
һսȻοţһҲʵ
ڵǿߣȫ⣬峤⣬ȻûһԪӤ޵ߡ
ڵǿߣǲʮˣǿˣһսбѪ
οŵĸ֣֮Աˣûѻһնɱ
ֻǣĴ̫ûô
ΪһսУϸеĵطһЩǿߵĻǡ
ȷһϢڲûҪĶ
οѰҵĶǻһ崫˵е籮
ֵŭǿɫ䣬ȻûбѼ壬Ҳû壬ǣڿ˵壬Ƕʲô֪ѵ˵ܰ׸ǻˡ
ȭͷָڣѪ
ûзͬΪıôûдǺ峤ˣЩһ˼롣
һһì̬ķɳǰìָǿȻǵ뷨ֻͬõˡ
ˢһʮ޵ߺԥļ˸ԵķһɱĿˡ


153 һ
ǿЦһ籮֣Ǻοأ
ûǿߵ˵ͷһìХһȻǿȥ
ٶȿľˣһգ۱ǿǰ
ǿҪƻ籮ӭȥأһ׹ǰһ޵ߡ
޵룬紵ͷϵ¶ƽӡ
̧֣ǰһӣǼĳìʱУ޷֡
һٶҲüʩչͣ¹ĿɿڴĿ롣
һ޵ߣס˽޵ߵķʵ
ﵽԪӤڵʵһߡ
Ϊڵ޵ߣʹףǵҲ޷ֵס޵ߵķ
ָǾŵ˵㣬һߣ
ûлشֵĻֱһӣеĳìԭ·صֵǰ
ִһסķʹˣ廹ɳ£
֪ЩֻнΪİ޵ߣһǸ֡
뵽ǿôǿߣֲǿʵǿʲô˼
ǿ̾Ϣһʲôˣֲǲ֪ĶճвΪһ𣿡
˵ֵûзҴǻڼ峤ʲôԭڲܸǡ
һ£һʲôԭ򣬶ܴ
ǿЦղ˵ͬΪı
ŭ֮ɫһҧгݵӣУ㱾£ߡ
ߵ˵ͷԶȥ
ǿȥﵣǰҰǼû
󣬵ǿ֮ɫ
ҡҡͷǲУǿԡ
ץһˣҪɱһ࣬ȻץŽ޵߲öʱ䣬Էмֵɲ©֮㡣
Űֵ˷ɢȥԽԽԶǿһҧֻҪץסǣС
Ҳɱ֣뿪׳˺꣬ΪǧˡʶԹɱֵʱѡһһ
ͷԱǣȥȥ
˵ţԱ诺ʹɫΪ·Щ޵߿׷ȥ
ȥﾹȻЩʧУһοõǿ
ӵԪӤڵΪҲܺһ𲢼ս
ܲսʱҲһʶˡ
ܡ
ûôһʵ
ҲǴʱ𣬱ЩھΣЩڣǰΪʲôûŬȥ
Ѿ𲻵κãһʵˣ֪·Ӧôߡ
ͻȻǰʱ诵飬˼ѵС˫ޣΪˣǲӦһ㣬õҵ壬ǲǾͻḺ𣬿磬ӦһḺ˰ɣ
뵽һߺ졣
ǰ
ǿ˵Դߵɫ΢΢һ㶡
һ˲䣬ǿЩˡ
ϾȻŮڵС仹Ҫ֡
覴ãаͷֻ뾲ؿš
˼ͻȻǿϣ̧ͷǡӭǿĿ⣬æͷǿǰ
ǿ΢΢һ㶣ΪңΪʲôǰ
֪ǿһˣΪ˶ǿߣȻҲǿߣϾ޵ǿߵĶкٻһʵǵͬ顣
Цһ˵ʵֻнڵΪ
ڲ뱻˿ߵӣ°ͼ˲ӡ

ǿ뵽ܶԭȴû뵽˵仰΢΢һ㶵ֻнڵΪ
ˣȷܺԷһǰ
ͷˬĳϵǵģֻнڵΪ
ûʲô÷ϣʲôΪӦˬĳϡ
ǿûмȥƬ̲˵ǣǵΪأ
һգȥķ򣬻˵ǵΪܸߡ
Ȼû˵˵ľʵǿȴ֪˵ΪһԪӤϣߵΪղţ׷ɱֵ˵ʱһʱ䱬ƣЩǶʵ̫죬쵽޷ԷĹ켣
ٶȣֻԪӤڵ޵߲
Ƭ֮󣬿а׹һ诳ǿǰһʬƾճǰһĿɿڴǿʰһ°ɣ
е˼Բֻɱ
˿̣ǿȷʵھ֮УðŻСʵǰղʩչǴ˵еǬ𣿡
Ҳ˵һֱһ˵ϾôǶڿռڣʱΪԼأ
Įĵ˵ͷǳˡ
ʱ򣬱读Цݣںͱ˵ʱȫһӣʹͱҲˡֱ䣬˷ĵη壬һǰɽʱ̮ѱС
ǿ͵͵ؿ˱һۣæͷתһߣٿȥ诵ͱһһϾһȴǱѩҲֻİ˵ʱǿѩŻڻɣǿš
ֹƬ̣뼸ǿǰһӣӳһ˶棬һû١
ǿҲʶˣȻûиղȣҲԾѣⶼʲôˣֲǬǬЩ˭ѧġ
֪ҪǬǬҲѾá
Ǭ췽½Ȼ΢ĵ½ȥֵ֪˺٣һЩڵǿ⣬û֪ҵǺ½أǬֻһ˵û˻ʹá
ǺϣȻЩᣬһЩ׵ĵȴǱĴ½ûеġ
ǿĴסȡʬ壬ֺ˶һ£ﾪȲѡղǱŮȻɱ˰ˣֻô̵ʱ䡣ǰƶʮе꣬Ҳɱˣʣ޵ߣʣˣ²ѡ
ȻƬ֮ߣƣĸ쵰ѶԸ⣬Ѿɱˡ
˵ţӳһǿСӣ㣬ֻˣһһˣֻʣһͷ­
ǿӹŴȷʵĸͷ­壬Ϊ˱ڼ䣬һ䣬λǰǵʶûѰɣ
뿴ɱһۣǵͷûУȫˡ
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ҲǸղţףһﲻࡣȻظ͵˵̸ٻôֻϲ
ΪĿһۣ漴ȷʵޣû뵽ﻹܼͬࡣ
˵̾ϢһΪҲ̫˰ɣ治֪˼ģ嶼ˡ
۹һЦô㲻Ҳû𣿡
˵һ㶣ѵԷҲ
һ㵨ӵСȻǰ˵Ļѵ㲻ɱ𣿡
˿ûеģ˵ʲôõĵģˣһǲ໥ɱģҷٴĴҲɱңҽֻʣ»ˣʲô𡣡
ڶģĶԷҲ
˵ǣ۶ĶˣȷʵҲһ

˵ͷΪߣ֪ȴ١
仰ֱ赽ϡ
ԷʵȷʵǿˣҲֻţҵ֪㾿ʲôݡ
ûлش𣬶̾Ϣһ˵ҳޱߵĺڰ֮أʲôҲǵˣֻ֪ԼǺڰ֮۳һ
˵һ̾ϢһߣΪҵˡ
ҵ˺ǿ󣬱ڵǿ֪ٱ
һۣǰˣеļ֮ɫһҵ˵֣ҲЩ񶼳ƺΪҲĽΪǿ񡣡
Ľ磿
һֱ˵߽磬ôֻĽˣ
ͷ϶˵ؼֻĽ磬ֱ˽硢硢ɽ硣
ˣ
뷴ʵ
εһǵģˣһս񻹼ǵãɱΧɱʮ屻١һսҲȥΪһҴ˼䣬Һ˼һŮӣһӣ
ûж⣬̽ƵʵΪʲôҪô
Цһʵ֪ΪʲôҪأ
һ£˵Ҳ֪ʲôʵ뿪磬ȥĵطԽաԺ׷ɱң
˵ͷûеԭ򣬵ΪʲôúЩ˽нף
ʵ뿪ҵ֮Ѿ޷Ƴ󷨣ֻܽǵ㲻ٹǧ꣬Ҿ뿪ˣˣҵҲˡԭ˵ԤܹɹҲŷ֣ҴˣҲӦû˵
ˣ峤ɱڵԼǰһǣֻ޵Լʲô˵ǸԤԡ
ͣںǰڵң
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üͷ΢΢Щ
΢΢һЦ˵һҲû뵽Ļʹؽ
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Ȼ⻰Ӻ˵ܿҲ
¶ˣĻ֤ݣǰķؽ䣬籮һͬʩչʹҲԵһȻȴ֪ʹá
֪ʹ÷
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˵֪ҿԸ㡣
ʲôҪ󣿡
ɲţѵ͡
΢΢һЦûҪ󡣡
ţ
΢΢һ㶣Щŵ˵ûҪ󣿡
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ƳԼķ齣ֻǷʱ̫̣Сʶһֱʹţ齣һ̶ȵʱȻֻǻ֪Ҫȶꡣ
֮ûȫãʱƱз
ʶһ齣Ӵзɳǰ
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Цһһ̯һֻһҲû취
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һһԺ󻹿Լơ
û˵ԭֻǵΪʲôԺȻ֪

⻰һ⻰û˵
һ£ֵ㣬ԺҪıҾԲͬԵĶƣܵõԶʹõķǿĵǰѾһʩչصһ
籮취У֪ô
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ûʲôҲڶ˵۾ڶڣҰʹõķ뵽Ժڡ
һУ㻹˵ɣ
ԺرӺʹֻҪһСģһ񾭣һ˳Ϊ׳ա
΢΢һЦһõĵɫɱ㣬ֻҪָˣ㼴ʹ굤ҲҵĶ֡
ϣͻȻɢֲʶ֮޴ѹЩʧȥ֪
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룬˵ʼɣ
Σֻȶ֮С
һ붨оһʶȥ壬ֱ϶ȥ˲ԺС
ţԺдҪ໰һЩֱӴ뵽ļС
淢£Ѿ֪ˣΪ˵껰˹ȥ


158 
ԼȻǸɽڣΧѾûкӰ
Ժ۵һܡ
ҡҡλУվһߵۣѣ
һʱ˻еۣӰһڿУôˣ
ۼɫ԰ףæʵǺûʲôɣ
˵ţΧȥʯڣ΢΢һ㶵Ǻȥˣ
˰ɣ
ش
ˣ
۵ɴ۾ŵ˵˵Ķģ
һ޾ȻôˣۻǾЩš
ô꣬ȻֻΪ˵һˡȵˣĻ
Ҫ
ΪûôҲô׳յ¡
ͷǺȷʵˡ
ƾնϢʶķһЩ
Ƕμʱ򣬺ͻȻԺ
룬ҽļ䣬֪һ𺳵֡룬룬ƽȷʵһְҵʱѾˣҰеʶѹһӡʶڣΪߣ⡣
㣬ҺңҲΣʲôǻһ졣û壬Ҳûʲô˼ˣһϲ˵޷һΪʹ顣룬ǽҲһµĿʼһȥֻؿռ䣬ٴλµ
һˣԼ˼ԭϣߵһ˵ԸΪһ񡣡
˵Ƭ̣ż˵ͨ·Ҫȥףɹ
ԽԽС֮ȻЩܡ
ָо˵ͺʧȥһʶͬһ
Ϊʲôĸоѵ˵Ķġ
ԼѪлӡ
ҡҡͷȥ룬۵߰ɣ
һǰõķ
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ۼ鲻ǺܺãûжʲôΪһȥС
뿪ף壬ֱϣʶɢȴȵķִ˿̵ʶǰǿࡣԭֻܸӦڵھȻܸӦҪ֪ԪӤڶΪֻܸӦڵľ롣
뵹һ֪ΪʲôҪǰȫʶ֮Լ
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ʶȵֻǴ˵вУûУҲ֪
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һ仰˵ȻȻûа㷴ء
֪أͷ֪
оȲѣֻʲôݣȻܰʶ֮ǿдˣ˵Ժʮִһֲϸ΢ĲҲһ׳գֻȻɹˡ
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ŷ򶯵ٶԽԽ죬ؽХһڷɳǰ
ؽϣɢ߲ʹââһиֳɢ߲ʹâС֡
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һУؽ·ٻƵģڡ
ʶɢһ˿ʶȥؽС
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ؽڣޱߵĺڰڰгһ޴ţϽдɢ߲ʹâĴ֡
š
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뻺ߵǰ漴ŲС


159 
Ӱһڡ
ǰһʫ续Ļ棬ֻ񻰹веĵط
տĺïʢľ̵Ĳݵأ涷޵ʻ
Աߣһռ֣ҶƮɳɳ졣
ֻ¹Ǻߺˮ˽æԶȥ
ϣһĽӡ
һУ뻹ԽܵĻϵһĻôҲ޷š
յأӥɹҲиӻ裬һ̫ҵϿա
̫ȻҲɢ͵Ĺâ˼ҪСࡣ
·Ȼγɣǿͨƾһ
һ뵹һԶȻһء
Ĳ磬Ҳǻƶһïʢҩġ
ЩҩģȻ࣬ÿһ
Ҷݡ𰻨ӭľ
뿴ͫȻŴﾹȻӭľľ֮һӭľ
˵ӭľ㳤̺ӴķϵƳɶķϵ
ǣ﾿ʲôط
Щҩݵԣϵʱˡ
ӭľȻֻһ׶ߣľһ㣬ɢɫĹâ
ҶǾӨ͸˰֡
ͻȻؽ䲻ֹһγֹǾ仰
һһǬһһ硣
ѵ仰˵ؽİأһĿռ䣿
һǬҪ̬Ŀռ䡣
ʶɢӦһΧȴȵķ֣ʶӦİﷶΧ֮ڣȫɽľɭ֡ռ便жڵΪ޷Ӧ˵ʵ̫ͬһ½Ҳѷ
ռ䣬һָС
оЩ٣ܰһռڽָڣ񣬻ʲôܹ
˵ľ磬ԿһԼĿռ䣬е˼һ
ѵһжģǸѾﵽľ
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ӰһǼСľǰƿţڶʱһɵζ
ζرˮŮϵ㡣
ζֻŮϲУѵŮˣ
ڷһɨûзκŮõĶڵİʵЩ򵥣һľһľ⣬ʲôҲûСȻܾûȴһȾҳ޷ȥһ
ʱ͸򿪵Ĵһ紵
дĻҳٵĴǰ
һȴƱһεֹһǷӴ߻Զ
Ȼˡ
һ⣬еԵѾ³˴š
ڣʩչ˾󷨣Һرһ޵߼ʹҲ޷Ӧ

һ˫˴˼Ĵûʲôֻڴͷϵһֻڷɵľ
ɫȻǺɫɫľͷ˼ֻһľͷžɫ
Ǳǡľ
ľͬӭľһΪ˼ľ֮һ
ľãľмֵߣľͷƳɴӣ棬˵ʶҲǻǡʹˣʣһ˿ǣĵطľҲɢ
ȻľƵĴѵ񣬵屻٣ǣ
һУ˵һգһʱ޷⿪ա
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ͬΪľ֮һĽľȻҲ֡
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뵽ʶɢϸĸӦΧһУһһľҲŹ
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ͩľɫȵ԰ڷֵĸȻΪԶ
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ľУһľľǲҲأ
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֮ľĴ˵ȱȽǣûۿ
˵ľھֻҪûбȫľΧһհգָľͷȷʵĴڣλҲ޷Υ񣬰ľֲ
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ЩƣõͩľˮľѾû̫ˡ
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ؽڵĿռȻȴڲȫ˵õؽ䣬ǿҲ޷ȥͬؽһһ̯Ѫˮ
ԣͬЩԣɽȣһЩ
أ۴Ӵ˳һΧˣ涼ˡ
֪ʶȥؽڣȴûκΰ취ûпؽķ޷ȥؽڡ
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һᣬر⣬ָƬҩ԰СӣԺҾһȥˣô
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˵⻰ͻȻоһƾսڣһ˲䣬һָоһжС
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ô£
ѵؽѾҵݣΪ
Ϊ֤ղŲǴ׼һ¡
ۡ
΢΢һЦЦжͶᡣ
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ʹýָͷȥ룬Ҳ֪ʱûʲôġ
ָ̧֣һָۣһԱߵĺȥ
⻰۲һ㶣ɴۿ룬롭
δ˵ֻ꣬оΧĿռͻȻһӴ壬Զĺȥ
գۼ䣬۱Ͽգžһǹεӽˮ
Ϊ壬ȻǺˮҲһڣŬĿ壬ȥ
Ϻ棬۴ڴڵĴϢţ񣬾ͺ񿴵һ
죬۲˵㣬ԲٿĿռ䣿
ҡҡͷоһڶһܲٿĿռ䣬ܿ塣
ıռ͵ڸı񣬱˵Ҳ
ģ񣬿һռףҪı򣬹ЩҲû
뵽ͻȻ뵽һ⣬һ֣۱һৡһǰдϢʱ䣬æʵˣ֪ľ绮𣿡
Ȼо绮֣ӦҲС
ۣ


160 
뿴һӣٴʵĲ֪
ۿЦһצӣô֪£ûȥ硣
ۣΪȻ˼һһ޵Уʵֻ²㡣ҪȻ˼ʱҲᱻô޵Χɱȥ˵֪ɽ֪Ҳޡ
ȷʵһЩǶɽ粻ô磬ű֪ġ
Ҳֻǰҫһˣ磬Ķûж١
ΪƵĿһۣЩʧ˵֪١
Դζ£ε˵ֻ֪ô࣬ұĻС
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̾Ϣһ۴ί˵Լȥɣ
Ŀһ۲Զҩ԰ŻΪһɫĴС
뿪ؽ䣬ڶڡ
һУؽУٵ𣬴ָϡ
ָϴָһĺ塣
ǰ˶֪ѻ顣
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ڰ֣ǿһ赣ĵ񣬵ģһǻǵġ
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˵ͷʵ˶ˣ
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Ļǿ˵ȥ
ǰΪɱ֣۲˵뷨ΪͻȻ֪ǿʲô΢΢һЦĺˣҿԽġ
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֣ǿһ𡣶԰л籮ԸԪӤǿӦòѡ
絺һϿգ޵ߡ
絺Զֻһ·ľ롣
޵ߣͶʮңȫźɫĵۣؿλãдһա֡
Ǻ˶֪·ʲôֻǺʵ֮һοŵӲܴ·
мˣò൱㣬üĿһȻĿŰ֮һˣ죬Ӧ֪ʲô
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ȻΪﵽԪӤڵľ磬ֹֻܼһʱ䡣
ԷʻһʵԪǵʲô˼
Ȼޱ飬ﻹЩģֻϣܿ
˵޵ҲԪһЦʲôǲ뱻Ǻ޵ָ𣬵Ͱһˡ
һ£ֵûǰĿɵط˵ǿɾͲˡ
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ǰԪΧɱһûеõҪĶ߷ߵ뿪ˡ
ԭûм£һɿϢһӵĿϢȻοŸ߲ע⣬˰д̽лɱ˲ڻ쵺һˣõϢȷʵʵ󣬲Ԫǰ
ɫ΢΢ЩѿŭǴǿˣ
ԪһЦڲǿ㲻ܻشĻҲǿ
ɫһһεɱΧ
֪ٲ˵ĵطԷضǿ
ʱΪһ֮ôȻҲĵطǡ
Ԫв֮ɫһ㻹ϴνǰ絺ʱ㲻Ǵ͵͵뿪𣿡
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ԪЦһԺ˵ȥںһշ˺ˮ档ԭҲЩСʵţ֪Ҫ۵ġ
ʶһЩˮĿһγһ㹻ôԲ
ԪһһЦ˵һ伸ԪѪĻ㱾𣿡


ھż


161 ɱ
㱾
߸֣·һԪĿϡ
Ԫŭһ΢΢Сӣܿ
ʶһǰĺ򣬺Хһȥ
¶һŵɫ׼Ļ㵽һȥˡ
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Ԫɫһ䣬ʧȻʩչ
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Ԫüͷһģķӭϡ
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Ԫ˸޷ţĽѾʩչȾ磬һ棬Ǻ޻֮
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һۿȥԪֻһѪ￩һ£δʩչѪ㶴壬ֱԶ
ԪλãһεѪѪٵԪӤȫ顣

Ԫǰһ뷨漴ر۾
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Ȼֻж̶̵һ˲䣬һ˲ܶ顣
ٸĻ죬ŷԪͷ­һһ׵ɱʶ
Ԫˣͻɱ
ͬʱаնƿշȥ˲׷޵ߡ
ӵ켶ҩ鵤ʩչаն֮ûжʱʧȥĿȨ
Ӱһ޵ߵǰһȥɱĻǡ
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˶˶ĵҩĵͬ޷


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Ԫ˵ʬںϣҪ³˲䣬Ӱʬ԰죬ǵĴЩðٲáǵʬ壬뵹ûлʬ𼣣亣֮ͬᱻϺɣöһ١
뿴һл죬߰ɣ
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΢΢һЦôʲô𣿡
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뵹ģЩ³ᷢʹ첻ɱԪˣǻȥ֮ͬŴǿ߸ʱͲһ˿˵ˡɱˣӮһЩ׼ʱ䡣
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νл顣
ȥ֮Ӵóҩģʼҩ
еĵҩѾûˣǾ鵤ֶûȪ£໹ƼƿԪԪӤҲҪһЩϣڶʱڣñͻƽڣﵽԪӤڡ
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ڵһԵķýʯƲʣõĲ
޵Ĳϣкܶ࣬ΨһȱٵľǿʯԵķýʯԴ棬ΨһԵķУýʯ޷ӳԭ
ʯԣӲޱȡԵķԣΨԵĿʯȴܸõļݡ
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ȥ󷨵ķǷֵܵǿߵһУǱи졣
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Ӧһ뿪ˣ뿪֮ǰᡣ
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˵ͷȷʵҪһЩ
ȻɻȴûжʣڴӦھʹȥ


163 
뿪絺տС
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ȻҲһЩ򵥵ƷһЩǿķ޷Ƴ
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Ӧһϲæ˵ֻҪΪһƷеĲҶṩ
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΢Ц˿ĵ˵ǱԵޣĹͷϣһ

ٴ֪˵ʲôȰ뿪
ֻԪӤΪȴһֻ˼޵⣬ϣֻһ˸ôˡ


164 
ԽԽѾڵľ롣
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ֻԺһ£űʧȥֱ
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˵ţתĻ죬Цͷ￴ôʱ䣬ǲӦ㱾Ϊˣ


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ϣˮһ͸ıǱԼףԼǧ̺ıϢǿľˡ

뿴һ۱ĺ棬ֿͬգˣֻķ˶Լڱаɣó
վյıϣ΢΢ĴϢţʩչǧڵر⣬ȫ
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Ϥ˶֪Цݴʲô


166 
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167 
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Ӻ˼뻺һȵؿ룬гƿĵҩ
ţ˵Ϊ绹ֵҩУôƿһ˵˵ҩͻˣǶ򵥡
Ƴ鵤ʱ򣬰ҩڵķһЩУҲ˵Ƶĵҩ˲ͻƿڲԼԺܵƣ̫ͻƣͣͲǰ
ʶƵʮƿҩڣֻƿƿȴûС
ûĳ鵤Ȼͨҩԣ޵ߵǱܣʶø񣬸͸Ӷһͻԭľ硣鵤Ͼ켶ĵҩֻҪʲǺܱһöͻơ
൤ҩʹʱҲһƣһĶ壬ͻƵ²ܷá򣬼ʹٶĵҩҲ𲻵κЧΪȷʵѾﵽ˶壬ϵŨ֮䶼Ӵ
ڴﵽԪӤڣȷʵһ޴ķˮ롣
ڵ޵ߣûϢ£ѰϢȫ
ԪӤȴһԪӤϢȫʶҲܽԪӤ
Ҳ˵ԪӤڵ޵
ԪӤƣʶɿͨԺӳ
Դ˻ƣʶԽȥԪӤУԪӤͨߡ
΢΢һЦڱһɨ٩ôֵҩ
սʼҲһѹֵ顣
һ٩ٴκæֵǣҲǸ˼
㡣
һ̧֣ӴзɳһɫҩƿɫĵҩƮǰĿ£ٷɵǰ
ɵǰĵҩȵŴͣɻʲôҩ
ԸӦҩ̺Ũҩ㣬ȴ벻ʲôҩ
鵤
һӣ˵˵ҩ֡
ҡҡͷȻûöҩ֣룬˵öҩԳƿ
һƿĵҩϾ޵ķˮ룬Ҫͻ̸ס
º֪ˡ
ʶһ鵤ķȥ
ʶĽӹҩһۣ漴ͷţġ
һͷһڰѵҩ¡
ʱĿоȶҩ
ĻеĶ
ĵͷ漴뿪˶ڵķȥ


168 
ѳ鵤ֱ˱󣬱ҵ˻һ峤졣
뵽æϲϲƳ
΢΢һЦֵ㣬һЩͷġ
ϲɫҶ׼ˣ㰴ԼóķͷһЩɣ
˵ּ꣬һ䣬֪ѻ᲻䡣
Ǻϣ֮٣һͬᡣ
΢΢һ㶣һһЩ췽ûзֽ
䲢ѣֻҪаֽɰ·γɡ
ᣬæ˵һЩֽһЩ
һ֣ǰݸ룬һŵǰֽһŵƷĲϡ
ͷӹ峤һƺõķͷ
￩һ£죬ô̵ʱƳ
룬ȴ˵ҿԶȼ졣
΢΢һЦģһƳֻǷ޷Ƴġ
ҲǴ֮ˣ֪벻ԸѾƵķЦŵû£ͨķС
˻죬ڡ
򿪵һȫǰֽȻ֮ࡣ
治֪ôģ䣬ȴռôİֽ
ʵһ弸ǧǰǻģֻǺ䣬İ취Ҳ֮ʧˡ
ĵܵﻹɰëʡ
˼óķ䣬ëʣٵڰֽ
䣬ͬߵľˣڵˮƽʹûʦҲࡣ
ٶһһƷһ߽׷䣬ȴ쳣򵥣˵ֵ
һ֮ʶĿ£зɵһԵĵϡ
ڣֻתһγˡ
лƷʯȸ߼䡣
лн׺͵ͽ׷䡣
ϵߣڻϵҲоʶϵҲһ
ʱ䣬ǧŷ䣬ëʣ򿪵ڶ
һ򿪣ȴһѷ޲ϡ
඼޵ĹƤëżҲһعǡ
޵ͣ޾򣬵߼޻컢ӦоС
ϿʯƷʺϲƤëȴƷԵ·Ƥס
˿һۣͷų𣬷ֳʶͬʱֲϡ
ֻϵĲϣĿ£ٵķڣš
һɵذף޹Ͽٵĵ̡
ʱֿһãӦ˵һãһᾪȵĳ͡
Ͼ޵Ӥ͵һֻһֲϣȴûͨ
ߣЩ޵ΪƷһֵȫͶ£κηġ
ȴһЩƳõķֻҪʹþС
֮ԴӦ죬ͨƷȣΪԺá
ܿ죬һ̳ɳģһš
޹̷ڻĿʯУЧҪֱӰѹͬʯҺһٵȴ۳ҪģõĶࡣ
̹룬ֹһξ̾ȷʵ
Ͼ̫ˣΪȷʵȺӡ
ǰ췽½ڵ½еַǰѧ
ķѣԻҲϸؼǣƳķﲻҪЧ
ʱ䣬ɳƷС
ʼʱڶһĶãʧˡ
ԽԽ㲻
Ƶ൱˳ʱʮ
һʱ䣬
ƷҪȷ࣬ԻҪܵͣһ壬඼ǽһµ޵ߣЩֻʹ÷ʶ˺ܶ෨ӳĵƵǹ֣ν廨ţӦоС
ʱ䣬ƺϰټʮͨҲһ漣ˡ
֮˸⡣
ȻﲻʦˮƽܳƵϴʦ
ѷõǰʱ˼峤Ӳվá
ԭΪӦʱɣֻͷ䣬Ϊ첻١
˿̡ôණǰˡ
⻹
ʱ˵Ƴô෨ˣڻЩҲá
첻ʩչȻ֪İأΪЩһͬӤ
֪¶⸱飬ûж˵ʲôʵ峤Щ𣿡
ʶĻشãá
һ£ﻹʣٲϣҡ
ô˼Ҫϣæ˵ЩϾ͵ˡ
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Ҳ˵˿׻ûѲϻ죬죬ƳôණԷҲӦñʾһ¡
ʱһ£ȻѶôо֪ҩ֮û漰
Ҳʣһ޵߳⣬ֻоһָܣΪ뾫ͨͬʱƵҩ
һɻ벻Ƶҩô൤ҩأ
ͬսһĻȻµһƿҩԲͨĵҩ
ΪļǵãҩһȦȦֵ·
˵켶ĵҩŻŨҩ㣬Żиӵ·
˵켶ҩˣʹһЩ׵ĵҩö
̫Զûŵҩ㣬·ȴʶӦˡ
뿴˻һۣ峤ȷʵƵҩʲôҪæ𣿡

һʱԭ˵תƻ⣬شȴ֪˵֮ɫ
죬ѹסĵ֪ѻʲôҩ
ûлش仰ǵ峤ΪȣԺ־ˡ
һæ˵ôܺѵ֡
֪ǻָ󣬸ôˡΪһѣЩдˣϾǰƺһֻжʮ꣬˵ʲôҲ
뵹ƺû£ҪһϵҲС
ôˣҲںһˡ
ԥһ£ֵϵܣϷдˡ
˵꣬ҩ£ϵܣĻҩ
ţ
ͷֻҪ峤ṩҩҩģһƳĵҩ
һ֣жһҩҩƤֽɣдһ֡ҩΪԶֽѾףּҲǺ£ʶӦЩֶ޷ֱ
ҩˣݶһּ֣ںϺʹôʱ䣬Ժı塣ֻǣ뵽ڵļѾʧֻ꣬Щϵҩϲܿ
ʶ΢΢Ӧһ£￩һ¡
絤ȻǴ˵еĻ絤
ҩļ𣬸˼ĵȼˡ
Ϊڻ絤ĺ棬С֡񼶡
ֻоͷһƬѣΣ񼶵ĵҩô˼䡣
Уҩĵƣ𺳡
ɽˮʯҺ
뿴㿴ȥˣǰûǸҺǰУȴˡϲŻУôѵã˵ܿˡ
絹ҩԺȴ˲ɵϢ
ﾫɾ񼶵ҩ
֮ڵ˲ָʹأҲƬ֮ȫ˵ҩ׹ǵЧȥյˣֻҪʶûɢδãѵҩͿĨ˵ϣͬһʱڣٴλָ


169 ͻ
絤ҩЧ뵹һԻεõҩ䷽ģ
⻰һ˳ʯ״
üͷһ֪Ϊ¶ôһ顣
ʱ쿪ͷʶҩϵ֣
֣
ʶҩϿȥɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѫĳ嶯
ҩϵּ½֣Ҳ췽½֡
ǡ
ϸ磬ʹõĺ֡
ˣϸĺô
ѵˣʹõֶǺ֣
˵ˣ
ֻ˵Ǹĵϸ磬ڶԴµ
пϸ֣ǸŪģ
ȻˣΪʲôǰĴ˵УֻŮ洲죬̹ſٵأȴûл
ȷʵʶЩ֣һ˷ܵɫ˵
ѵ߻죬ʶ֣
˵ʶղŵı飬
벻֪λشʱϵܣ˵Ͳ˵ˣҲʲô£
˵ɣȴˣܲʲôõҩʱ򣬿ߣûһʶ֡
һѹסĵȻҩϵĲ޷ҵҩһƳһֶΣǵ峤ҩܸܲң
öȥҲ뻻ҩ
Ǻǣ
΢΢һЦȻϵϳ֣͸ɣ
Ҳãˣܻһ顣
ҲҩЦŵǾлл峤ˡ
ҩֻǺ棬澿ʲôҩȻּϻһ˿
ȻӦ̺ʲô֪ʹʶ֣ľʲôҩ
һЦûصǻ絤
絤
ʱð⣬ⵤҩҪʲô䷽
ţ㹻ҩΪƳһЩҩҪһЩֻҪһöҩ㹻ˡ
̾ϢһҩɽˮʯҺѩ
˵һҩĵʱ򣬻ŴͣЩ˵ҲûҺ֪˵ǺҲ޵ߵõֻǸ۸̫ˣҪöʯһмС
ûȫ˵꣬ǵ峤ЩкܶҲû絤ҩ޷ˡ
ʼһεɫ
ʱ򣬻ŴӾл⾿ʲôҩȻҪЩĶ
Կ϶ʹ˼˱飬Ҳδռ㹻ĵҩ
ʶûҩЧףҩЧٺãԳϣ˲Ҳá
Цһûбҩˣֻһҩҩȴв٣֪ϵܲЩҩΪһЩͽ׵ĵҩ
ҪȴûоܾϾ˼һҩ˵ʲôҲҪΪԷ飬ǵţֻҪ峤ṩҩģҿһЩҩ
˵һ£ֽ˵ҿڲ˶ڵˮƽҾͰһЩյɣ
һϲģ
ʱ޲ס֣ĸлһռҩģȻʲôֵ̫ǮĶĵͽ׵ҩ㹻ˡ
΢΢һЦ峤ôõҵĵطһæ
Ѿ´ԺǺﵢʱ̫ˣܼȥˡ
ӻһصƵҩ
һ죬ʣģƿأΧȻһڡ
ţ
üͷ֪Ҫͻˣһ򶴸ȥ
絺ϣӴٵڵķӿȥ
УϡԿɫ㡣
̡졢ơ
ɫ߰ڿ˸γһķ羰ߡ
˿̣Ҳ߳ɽôĶȻҲˡ
ߣǿ˶һ֮ɫ
ǿֻ֪ýڵΪΪȱߣͬó
ֻ벻ףϵʱֻн𵤺ڵΪôһת۾ԪӤأ
Ҫ֪ӽ𵤺ڵ֮䣬Ҫʮϣʹ˵ҩûлԵɺϣҲͻơ
ǣ⾿ô£
ǿôҲ벻ף˴𰸣һв켶ĵҩ
Ȼ֪ʲôҩô̵ʱͻƣΨԭܡ
ߵߣδ뿪ͷǿʵǰôôͻˣ
΢΢һЦ֪Էе˼ôúܿ죿
ǿһ£ǰҲ˼ֻǡ
εЦЦ֪οڡ
һ̧һҩƿɵǰ峤аƿƿʣµҩģ˼ƿյ㿴
ȣϴκ棬ֻյʱ䣬ôϵʱ˶൤ҩٶȡ
쾪ȣǿҲĿɿڴİЧʣѾ޷˵˼άȥˡ
ӹҩԺ󣬲ûȥֱϵܣЩҩƳģ
ˣҩˮƽԴﵽʦ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ô峤𣿡

¶֮ɫæֵҲ˼
һԵǿһֱû˵£ͣʹɫ
ҲżҲβ˵ҩϣÿ˵䣬Ļ޷ڡ
ڣҧҧֵϵܣʵҵЩ㡣
֪Էʵҩ£峤ʲô¾˵ֻҪһܾ
һʵ֪ϵûͻƿҩ
΢΢һЦƽ峤˵أ
ǿͬʱ¶ϲɫ໥һۣ˵Ը۵ҩҵȿͬȼֵĶȥ
ЦЦ˵һ˴ΪĻҲ붫ֻҪ峤ԸΪṩһϢɡ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼû뵽˵仰ʶػشֻҪ֪һϵܡ
뿴һ۱ɽķ򣬵ܼ򵥣ֻҪܸǺ·߾ˡ
üͷһЩʵ򵥣ҾΪϵܻһǺĵͼֻǲ֪ϵҪȥʲô
밵̾ϢһŻ˵峤Ҳ֪Ҳ½ˣǰǸ½ҵ˺ѣұȥ
ʵ˵ֻгһѣ٣˸ûʲôӡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôѵͨϵǰ½Ĵ󣿡
˵ͷشֻǻ֪λá
ҡҡͷʾû¡
һ̾Ϣ֪ҲǰʣϣṩһЩϢ
벻κϣʱǿͻȻ˵Ǻ棬һطܿǰҪҵĴ󡣡

ɫһϲæʵʲôط
ǿ¶һ˼ɫػһСɽĵطҺȥһΣͺںΪǺ֮ءɽɽ걻ŨڱΣʹΪҲҲ޷ʶŨ
ǽɽˣûһܻų
ǿ˵΢΢һ£Ž˵ʱҺǡôﾭоΧЩ쳣Щʯͷɢһǰôһ˵ҲܿһƬʯ
뷨ǿ޼Ӵóƿҩݸǿͻ죬㣬ллṩϢ
ǿǸм֮ɫ˵絺һ
죬ҹٲǻ絺


170 ս
絺ĿУһȺ޵ߣԼʮˡ
ͷ˵ˣǳǿߣղ˵ˣеһˡ
˻һǷǮһ
Żο֮һһɫĵۣһѾ޴ĳڶʵ
ŻߵһǿߣȴüĿ㣬һѰɫȣķ
ͬΪο֮һһرĳƺţΪοŵһߡ
˵ߣʵע벻ʲôרһЩõֶΡ
ʮԪӤǿߣֻнΪ
Щ޵ߣһ¶˷֮ɫȻſɱϵˡ
ʵοŵ絺ϵ޵߲ССϺ÷
ǿߣ赣ġ
絺ϣ˻峤⣬ûһǿߣôᵣǣ
ֻ벻ףΪϴǿߣûһŻȥ
ǿɲţ絺ʵ߼һЩǿæ
ǿ߰æҲһɻ䡣
ǻѽ޵߷Գǿߣ˵ʲôҲҪһӣ򣬳ڵŭɲôõġ룬οǿߣʹԷΪٸߣҲҪοһӡ
絺ϣ׹һ˳ڵ⡣
ˣͻ졣
ǿΪ̫ͣʹҲ𲻵̫ã벢δ
߸һİӣŻüͷһ壬漴ӦֻԪӤڵΪЦ죬˵һЩǿϵ䣬ѵСΪҲ̫ˣɱͽܵ˽
ɲţǰɱԪӤǿߡ
Ϻ޵֮ɫЦŵǿ߾ûбˡ
ŻһЦм˵㵱ҵСӣƭ𣿡
ʶĵͷҴΪж
İţ˼
Ż¶ŭ֮ɫŭ죬ôĵӡ
մһĳХһǰһ֣УҪʩչ似
΢΢һЦƽô𣿡
ŻϣɢӴɱŭŻ죬вɱԷưոݵӡ
һԵİ裬һŻ˵Щʲôɱȥˡ
ŻһͷɢɱǺǣˣǰǼֻСϣҺαͬ
˵һ£磬㲻ôǸɱˣʵûʲô˼Щ棬ô
Цһô涼УӦҵˡ
Żظͷ磬ĺˣɱ絺ڣйϵŮ޶㡣
ĵͷüӡȻǺʹţˡ
ŻӦһ쿴ȥЦͷ㼸겻㵽Ǻţ֪ôĵӣͬүô˵
ү
ɫһõĵ񣬹Цû˯ѰɣĴү㻹˵˵
ŻЦҽү㲻𣿡
£
Żһһٵ˵
ôһȴúȺ޵ƲѣΪܴɱķȴû뵽Ȼ
Ƶǣ˫ʵô󣬾Ȼûг֡
ȺԪӤ޵߲֪ǵʦʦʲôʱŻеĳŻȻһӡ
â֣գȻȥ
ǿʩչĵâԪӤ޵߼ʹܵ£ҲҪˡ
οŵΪҪȫֵʱа׹һһµŮͻȻ֡
ŮӰһǰ˫ָһһĻܳǰ커ܾӨ͸ɢűĹâֱâʹһۣҲֲĸо
âڻϣֻһ飬ΪɢڿС
ǵâҲڻ˲ʧ
ͻȻֵŮӣǱ诣Żʩչĵâһߡ
诵վλʮֽûк벢΢΢˰λ
һĻοŵĵӣһ㶡
ŻǾȲѣǵâֶ̺ʮûгڵΪԵ͵ˡ
ѵǰŮӣҲǳΪ
Żʶڱ诵ɨʱȵŴͣʧޣ
һ˲䣬Ӧ˱诵ΪҲӦϢ
ûоϴ񣬼ʹΪڸߣ޷Ϊ£ȫϢ
˵ǰ˼ޣӵгϴΪֻҪΪڽϣܸӦ
ˣǿͻܸӦϵϢ
Ϊ̫£ȴ޷Ӧһ£ױ޷оˡ
ȻһЩӵѪޣȴܴƣѪԽŨԽѸӦ
ߣȻӵѪŨֻʮ֮һһڵ޵ܸ߱ӦϢ
ȴһӵнһѪֻͬ׵޵߲ܸӦ
ӦָǸӦϢԷ̬֣ӦʹͨҲ֪ޡ
޻ûģʶӦͬ޷쵽Է޻ࡣ
ؿŻһۣûлش
Żû诵ĮٴεСӣΪߣȴһֻߣ֪շġ
΢΢һЦҪ֪Ҿ͸㡣
ԪӤʱ˴ţʶҲûгֵĴ㡣
ŻشһԵȤ˵Ҳ֪շġ
һаЦĿű诵壬ʹԴ룬Ҳ֪ʲô
Է޼ɵĿһƽˡ
˵㡣
请ؿһۣ

Цˣ㻹жͬ鶼ɣһ
֪֮˵޼ɵһǿ߳ɲţ絺ֻһǿߡ
ʱ絺ϿͻȻӿһ
ɫ㣬ΪŨֻҪ޵߳ʶ˽ˣܿԪӤټ
Ż΢΢һ㶣ԪӤ
˭ԪӤֹ
Ż໥һͬʱ֣
˵Ȼȴһ㣬ΪͬʱһټԵķ
һʱ䣬ɫķͬʱָˡ
뿴˱һۣһСĵ漴
ѵһ
ʣŨаȻɢѪĽָŻ
ŻΪߣԷΪԣڵ÷ɱ㣬һúñܡ
ЦУ𳤵ӭնȥ
Ҳһ֣УմһȾֱ请ȥ
ɫȻϸ¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫֻǰһӣǰֻ׹һƾճǰͺһʣսȻǰһƣӭȡ
شִ֣ҪǽԪӤûгƿҲǰ
Щƣοŵ粻ƫƫŶʱ
Ĵ΢΢һ㶣һҧڷȥ
ʱ޵߶˻죬߼칥ȥһ߸ӰҪͻս
ճǹٶȿľˣӰڿһۿҪ׷ϡ
һЦҪǹĺ󱳡
أһƾ裬߻δ·ߣоǰһʹűʧȥ֪
ԪӤ顣
ʧȥ֪ǰһ뷨


171 ɱ
һɱе޵߶סˡ
𳤵ȥŻҲͣеĶʧȻʩչ
ɴ۾һŵɫ
Ż꣬ʩչâҪ֪â˽һֻ꣬ͬʱâǣǰֻжʮСӣȻʩչһûĽ
һѾŻǰûŻʻһа콣Ȼȥ
ɫĽŨаתۼŻǰ
Ż֮ɫæȥеĳֵ
ѵһŻ޴ĳĻѿѪٵ
Żһ˵еĽâȻΪڶԷ̫࣬ڸղŵĹ£ʹҲҪˡףղŮվλʱҪΪθһλΪǰСӲǶԷеĺĹǣһֱڰϻ
Сӣȷʵ
Ż룬ȻʩչĵҲǾˣҿ㻹ʩչٴΡ
ȷʵΣھ鵤꣬Ѿ޼ɵʩչâˡ
ָĵҩв٣ȴ޷˲ָ
һʩչ֮һ˿ڵֻһ㡣
ڵĻ鵤ٵţػָĵ
鵤ϰҩƶɣи˲ǧҩ
ѣȻҲָܻЧ;鵤ȣȴ֮
˿̣Ѽֻâߵͷ­ʱƣѪֱ
첻ҶӰһ絺ķȥתۼûڴС
˿ûеǵɫŻԿûʩչ
ֻʩչһνȻ׵ʩչ½ѵһսˡ
ڵʮҺǰʵЩ˷ѡ
ŻûйҲԼЦһգʮ޵߷ɵߣƵ˵ɱҾͲĲ꣬˭˵ȥԺÿһԪӤҰڡ
֮£·
Щ޵ŻĻ޲¶֮ɫ
ԪӤﲻʲôЩ޵һҲõһö
ʹһռ㹻ҩģҲδܵõԪӤҩ
ܵõԪӤҩܳɹƳ٣
֪ҩϧЩ޵ȴ֪
ͬţٴʩչâ
ʮУһ޵ߴһһȥ
㹻˵ı۰ô֣ɢźɫĹâȻüƷʯƶɡ
׹һǰ𣬾ֱͷȥ
һң̺ϣضҳ⽴
ŻߵԪӤ޵ߣȳ֣ҲƷʩչǿĵ
̾ϢһŻľګʵǺͷԵˣȻ´ͷ󣬵ڻҡЦһȻǰһӡһӣڵΪѾļˡ
ߣӭһЦõƴһôܵѾ˾ȰѶԷɣ÷䣬΢΢ʧ˲䣬һڶԷϣˡ
е뷨ãȴྶͥ
װһֻһشϡ
пڴΪ룬ͺжһ
һĻȷʵò񣬵롣
϶ԷӶĹ켣Ȼһ䣬ֱԷͷȥ
ͷߵķӦæֻʣһͷ
ͷϣ֪ˣΪһ̣һС
ٶȻһ̶ֱԷĺ
׹һһâߵĺϱһƴСĽâ
ѪٵĴӺ
ϸȥᷢǽâѪһ÷ģ
÷âǰǿĹ֮һԺһֱû
ղųʱͻȻ뵽һģַʶĻû뵽ȴɹˡ
ӰһԶûս
ߵ壬ʹԪӤ壬ҲƲʲôˡ
һЩ޵ΧҪͲһ׵ˡ
ȻҲڶϵ˺ҧ
ο뻹Ǵ
һڰ⣬΢΢һ㶺ٴη޵ߣֶȻһӡ
ơ
ƳƬնʱһŤ޵߷ӦʱС
һȻŤռ䣬ʱ̫̣ȻǿöԷĶͣ£ȴ޷
һߣ诺൱
Ϊȱ诸һЩо֣һʱѷʤ
뿴˱һۣӰһƬŤĿռԣеĳӶâͬʱ

Щ޵̰ѷǰɵĵĹ
һ֮󣬲ûԤϵЧæһΧȥ
ʱŻӰһȥķʩչ롣
̫࣬ûʹóķ˻
ʹã죬ŻĹ켣
Żųָ룬ֹӦò˰ɣ
ĳ뻹㹻ʩչٶȲԵĻɲ¶
·߱ǿ벢ûиı䷽ȥѾоŻʶϡʩչʲô޷ѶԷʶӦ
һԵ޵ߣٵ߷ҧҧеڣŻһӡ
а콣һʹõĽˡ
뱻˰Χֻȫһս
ԪӤڵ޵ߣ벢ûзŻĹĽ£ѵֵ
̺аĽ˲Ż
Żʱ¶֮ɫΪѾûж٣ʶŵǰӭս
û뵽ԷȻʩչ޴Ľ
ȻˣŻķӦٶȴٴξ𳤵·Ľ
ѵһŻѿ֡
ƣڳǿ߲ʲô
Ż˵˲Ϣ֮䣬ϵľٴθı䡣
ֻ޵ߣطӶ
ķ˲ϡ
Щ޵߿˲ҪĹҲˣȥ
˫ѵȭ
Ȼ˴󲿷ֵķһЩǰ
һϵķֻһȭͷ
ֻټĸһ㹻ʮôࡣ
򼴽ĺʱ޵һЦΪһ£ضˡ
һĻȴ޵Ŵ͡
ϰ׹һһװɫ׳ϣڸеĲλ
ϣʱһɾɶ
ʮҲͬ׾ͱɡ

޵һ׷Ҳ٣ǵһοҪзס
ʵ׿зһ󷨡
С󷨵ĳܷΧ㱻дз
󷨳ܵķΧͬˡ
һͬսȻ˴Ĺ˵ˡ
½һ˵
뼸Ӷնɱ޵ߣѪȾס
˿̣ɫ԰ףɱ֮ܵС
һɱ
һˣһѽȺɱһѪ·


172 
ʩչ뿪ɲǣֻһæתȥ
Ż֪ʱǰųĺ󱳿ȥ
ʶĻӶеǰ
£ڷϣֻһѡ
̺ǿ˳ֱڡ
޴ĳһʱ޷⣬ߵķһ㣬˳ȥ
УһѪԭ԰׵ɫøӲ԰ˡ
һνƴ׵ֵ˴󲿷ֵĳضˡ
٣ŻΪۣıȻɵıˡ
̾ϢһŻΪصķٴδӴмһģͬĳ
ѳϲղǸҲࡣ
ŻȻʹвӦӶ˼£һ׷ȥ
ղѪŻΪѾǿ֮ŭֻҪƴϼɱԷ
ܹɱһ˱̬Ķ֣ٶķֵá
֮ڿһתѵסΡµķǱ诺趷ĵط
诸Ӧˣһæͷż׶ʱĹ
һߣĵʵôˣ
˵ڵѪһӿһѪ˳
̫޷ȫжղŵĹڵĽҡ
һû£Сĵ㡣
˵֮ʱȣ诵ǰ
һ󣬱ԭɵֵ
ûУɫУȻǰһ뱧ڻ
ţ
ɫһæʵʲô
ȷ·۾һٶգۼ诵
һȺݺݵڱ诵ϡ
ЦˣûлشĻǰһ죬ͻȻסĴ
ˣû뵽课Ȼ£¡
սһǶٲ֮ء
ƿ诣ͻȻоһһһöҩȥĿС
ţǵҩ£ĺУڡ
鵤
˿̣Ļ֪ڸʲô
һʱ䣬ѷõľ鵤ͨǵķʽԼ
鵤ȻԼǸԼ
һж漴Ӧֱ诣Ӷ
Ӱ֮УеķϣΪڿС
ʱ³һѪղȵĹˡ
ɵѾͷ
˵һ䣬뵽ڡ
ѪĽɲǣ˵
΢а콣ȻͷŶڿлһֱĹ켣ֱ䲻Զ衣
裬
һҧһа콣ͷŶٴη衣
ɫ䣬һԵֵһҲ޷¡
֮£֮ӲͷƤӭϵһ
һȱǿ˳ȥ
ƷɳȣһѾǰ
Թδ
ֻܷƷӴмһԲεĶƵǰ
ѪĽڶϣֻһϳְ߲ơ
žһƻΪƬѿ
޴ĳ赹ɶߣֵܵסǿһ
ûзŹ˼ʩչһȻ׷ȥ
Żɫһ䣬Ѿ֪Ҫʲôˣæȵ磬Сġ
ͬͼղǻһŵֵסû뵽һԪӤڵ޵ߣȻǿ̶ֳȡɵ壬ڿһסΡһ֣ȷɵǰĿΧ
ʶɢӦΧһһǣȻûиӦڵ
ʶ˶Է壬ȻƤʧСӾʲô
赣͵ϮŻҲĲѣǱΪһѾܱ̬ˣȻ̬Ǳ
ˣǱ뻯ĵز
ŻԿ϶Ǻɱ֣Ҳ޷ʩչǱΪһ׵޵޷ǣСӾˣһлһˡ
˵ĵʱͻȻһһȥٶȿľˡ
ǰɱ֣һ͵Ϯ뻯ľ磬һɱ
ŻһĻæСġ
Ҳ붯򣬲׵ֵæʩչ
һǿߣȻһԪӤ޵ߴĺ޻֮ȷʵЩˡ
֪Ҳû취¡
ٶȺε֮죬㿪ôܡ
ϰ׹һһֱ㿪ȥ
ѪɢǵһֱĲӡ
辪ĵɴ۾ʵ벻ףѾʩչ˶ΪλܱԷС
屻٣ԪӤȻ壬ɫԪӤڿУŭĿһۡҶæʩչɶٶߡ
ûƣԪӤ֮ʩչٶȿľˣ׹һɵ֮⡣
Ҫ׷ɱѾ˻еıһۣŻˡ
ŻɫΪѿʮǰתۼһ룬һȫɱ
Ȼв޵ԪӤ壬׷ɱЩ˵ΪҪ࣬ʹҲѻָԭʵ
һսոտʼȻ˵򽫡
ŻЦһԶԶ룬Сӣôһǵһο޵ߣֻԪӤڵΪȴɱڵǿߣҾͲڻ
ûȥõϵףǰ
Ȼ֪ΪͻȻָŻԿ϶һͱ诵һĪĹϵ
ŻɻŮǰ˼ޱδ˵ǿ𵽻ָõ
ڵȷʵ⣬ڵһ㣬޷ͬŻɱȥ
ϣȴ¶һΪȻɫôΪɱ𣿡
ŻЦˣʱ㻹ǿãҪ㾿жı¡
˵ţߵļ˵ͷʾ׼֡
Щ޵ߣһĲѣղŵʵѾˡ
ɱ裬еķһķ޷⡣
ŻֲòһĿ룬طȥ
ŻվȺ֪ٲһ£µֵܶûսˡ
ͺһŻȫӰһ롣
ԿٷŻæɿеı诣ˣȥϢ
ȴΪᡣ
Ϊ诸ղŵһĻлģѾѱ诵õˡ
뿪ĻûȥҡҡͷҪһߡ
еɫȻȻ
̾ϢһðɣҪСġ
һŻķһơ
䣬ĿռһŤŻٶ΢΢һ͡
ŻЦһɢӴϢƬŤĿռ䣬Ľ󣬻ָԭ
նǬ
⣬Żеĳϻƹ˵졣
ȻһӣɫĵâȻֱȥ
üͷһ壬ȱӭսһӭ˵â
׼ȫķЩâʹϣҲ޷
âϣ죬жȥ˴ĳ
ʣĳȻ뻹ǿԵֵֻʮಽס塣
Żûнս֪ķЩ̬һһâͷŶ
Щ޵ߣҲѧŻԵķʩչԶ
һʱ䣬ʮӲͬķͬʱȥ
Щ߿ʩչ似߾ͿˣԷ⣬ĵ𲻵á
Ȼûά£ͬ޷ֻԷΪܿ϶Էķ
ܣû뵽ôáһ֣ʹ似û̫ͬȼ޵ɱҲܣΪѽʵ̫̬ˡ
ʱ쵺ϿգͻȻӿԲٵ۶ȥ
ŻɫһŻ絺ķ
˲֪ôˣȴֻһֿܡ
˳ԪӤڵľ磬ﵽڵΪ


173 Դ
ŻɫüΪѿȻ뵽˻絺ϻǿߣȴû뵽ԪӤڣﵽڵǿߡǿߣһﵽڣǰһһŮǻʮˣսʤ෽ֱ췽ҹ̷
һ޵߳ϳɹ
Żһߵ޵ߵȥȥ絺ֹȳƿ
˻شŻһǵĳ絺ķٷȥ
Żһ֣Ĺǣ޵㿴ңҿ㣬һʱ䲻֪ǺáǺɱ룬ǵʵƾʲô˼ҶʵǵлƣͬʱԪӤڵ޵ߣôôأ
ôˣȻɱ˶Էһˡ
Ⱥ޵߿Կ϶ֻҪԷҪɱˣһ˱ѡ
˵ɱѪ쳤ӣǸȻˣȴǰ˼ʵŮӣͬԸˡ
һʱȺУһɫ۵ͻȻվ˳һ֣Ͳɱ
˻һʣ޵ߣʱ¶ӵ
е޵ͬʱ˵߿ȥ񣬾ͺһ׳ա
֪ڶ·һȻȥ̽
Ϊǰ׳ʲô
ЩΣΪŻȡʱ䣬ȴû뵽ߵͬţȻûһӦ
ޱƵĿʱһµ꣬ͻȻ˵Ԩҿ˰ɣǴһ𣬻ֹһʱ䣬һֿƣʱĶˡ
˵ţֿһۻ絺ķ򣬵ҲˣڳƿǱΪŻʦȡһЩʱ䡣
ͽԨߵͷ̾ϢһҲֻˡ
һ£ֵͣ㿴ô죿
΢΢һЦܵ޵ߣλʦ֣Ҿۼһ𣬷һҪֻҪǼأҲκβǡ
˵ţֿ˱һۣ϶ңλҲͬղżλʦһװ
һ̾Ϣһһ͵߷ȥ
ʮվΪţǰˣ룬ûг֡
ʮżԱ诵ô
֪Ҫʲôشû£һܼһᡣ
˵꣬ͻȻʲô¶ϲ֮ɫ룬ϲǻԴ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ʵôˣ
ֻгԴָܻԵĻͷһЩˡ
΢΢һЦ˳³Դ޷ԡ
쳣϶ΪǾԴΪ̺˾Ŵԣ޷޵գŻתΪ֮ĵԪ
Ŀԣ
һϲû뵽֪
΢΢һЦͷɽô꣬ȻûɽڵһЩ֪ġ
û˵֪ģҲû׷ʡ
ʶһ뵽Уһͨ͸Ĺʵǰ
Щ޵Ŀ룬ǿóһʵ΢΢һ㶡
Ϊʵǰɲǣһ׹⣬׹Ϊֵʱû֪ʲô
Щ޵ߣΪóǿķæ뵽ڣ׼
ʵֺЩ޵ߣͬʱһϾ򲻵ѵʱ˭Ҳ֡
Ϊ֣Ǳɱ
ͬսǸоȳǿ߶ҪۣΪǿǲʩչصĵҲ޷һ°ǶɱȴһǼɫĿ׺󣬺һ룬еĳǱ̬ʲôסԷһ
Щ޵߳һ󣬿óһʵ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ʵǴûмɢŨ
ʹɵҲ֪ɢĹʵԺԲԪ
ԪĶ޵һֱмеĶʹһЩܲһصҩģҲ޵Ϊ֮
ʶЩ޵߿óһʵʱ¶˷ܵɫмǱͬţ˵ǰˡ
ͬŵ޵ߣ΢΢һ㶺Ǳ̬ʵʱñһƬ
ȥᣬ»ûʵͱԷնɱڽˡ
Ⱥ޵ôҲ벻ףԷɫ԰ף̫ԵʣΪóһ̺Ĺʵ
ѵѹʵԵԪ
ԪתΪ
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ֻҪгʶ޵߶֪Ԫ²ת
ΨһԪתΪ
Ǳʩչ
˵һЩǿԪΪۣеԪʩչһ
ֵʩչ޴󣬵ۼߡ
޵еڵʩչ֮˲仯ΪУʶ޷ȥֻؿռ䣬ʧɢɢԵģһʩչɹǽԶʧ䡣
ֵʶɢҪ˾ÿ־塣
򲻵ѣû˻ѡַʽ
Ϊ˵ʶɢ󣬻һļʣٴνȥֻ
ЩƮɢڿеϸ΢ʶʧˣԵĳߡ
ֻؿռ䣬ǡôЩʶоᱻյС
ֻʵ̫Сεڿռеֻ˭֪
˭ֻ֪ʱŻᾭȥƬռ䡣
ȻʺСһͷܱȺϣҪá
ǿǺϣɱԵɱ
Щ޵ߣɫ͸ˡ
Ϊˣͬھ
ҲΪǿٷάһʱ
ΪŻǣǿԪתΪ
ȷʵô˵ô׳յ¡
һ٣ԴУʮ˵ע£С
Դڼޱȣһζ
֮ԴЧʮԡ
ԭʣ²ٵĻָţ֮󣬾Ȼȫָ
ڵѪУдŴ֭Һ
ѵҲ鵤һֻҪˣв
뷨һ֣֪ˣЩ֭ҺٵڻѪҺУʧ
ʶ΢΢Ӧԭ˰ԪͻȻ˰ʮꡣ
Ҳ˵ԴеתԪ
ղתΪ֭ҺȻ˶ʮԪ
룬һϧҪ֪޵һԪҩģϰϵʯղһȥ͵ڰѰʯˡоԼЩܼңԴͲ࣬Ժô˷ѡ
˿ָ̣á
Щ޵ߣɫЩѿˣΪǿ԰׵ɫ˲ָ
ʹɵҲ֪ڵѾȫָ
ǿɲţ״ǻعⷵա
Ϊ޵ߵûлعⷵһ˵
ֻ֮ͨʵ²Żᷢ
е޵ߣԺжһ⣺ʱô죿
ǼͬԷ뿪
뿪ǾԲܵ£οŵŹϣֻս޵ߣûӵİࡣ
뿴Щ޵һη˼ʲôеһӣָ͵ˣɭȻղ㲻ǺٴЭһ취ܺãھͿˡ
ֹסĲѻ˵ˣ᲻֪ʲô˼
ԷɱӺʹ֣ԷҲŹ
ҧҧһǰĳìʱɢҫ۵ĺ⣬һì˳һƴСĻ򡣻ɢȵĹââһûڷڣͨͨޱȣͺ˿ڻ¯￾ӡ
ͫһĵңҿԷһ
𣿡
ԭѲϣԷôһ˵ʶʵĿԷŹң

̧񷣬϶˵ֻҪңұȥ
һΪ
˵֮ͻȻʲôɫһ䣬ʶΧȥΧͬһŭĿаʬεӡ￩һ£οŵŹ棬æ˵ұᣬֻǺһЦ
Ц
ԨЦһɭȻͣǿЦ𣿡


174 ɱ
￩һ£ԨУһ˿ɱ⣬æ˵Ԩʦ֣ʹҿЦأô룬㿴飬һȥ𣿡
ⷬ˵ĵмֵԨҲһȫֵˣûϼ׷ȥת룬ȻοŵˣοŵĹţ˵ٶ໨ҲûãǾᱳɡ
ЦˣȻҲ˵ˡ
ӰһԨǰֻӰâȻʮ޵߿ٷȥ
Щ޵޲¶־֮ɫ֪ٶȺܿ죬û뵽Ȼ쵽̶ֳȡ
æ䣬̾𷨱ӭȥ
ղһϵжʵһУһЦ趯

̴Щ£ûл֮˲䱻ΪΡ
벻ٴٳʮâٷֱ˵ͷ­
˿ٶȣ˽ľ룬һЩӦ޵߰Ѷѵķǰ⣬޵߶âͷԡ
һ֮£ɱ޵ߡ
ˣֻŵʩչһߣ̼Լķ
٣Ƕٶ˵ˣЩΪ˵ֵĽâ˴
һҲǰֻմһǰͻȻϰٵ׶Ŀ£ٵЩ޵߷ȥûб⣬е޵Ҫʮ׶
ԪӤڵ޵ߣͬ˼޶
ֻе޵ʶ˶֪һĺܲҡ
ȷʵЩ޵ߵ³ãԪԪӤ޵ߣԾѪ֮ǿ˱׶Ĺ⣬޵߶ڱ׶Щ׶ǵ壬˲ڻŨĺǵ壬ԪӤ޷Ӷݡ
벢ûзŹǵ˼Щ޵߱⣬ԪӤ޷ӶݵĻᣬһȭͷŶɫĻڿлһѤĺۼٷЩ޵ߡ
ںϣȵĽڡ
ȵĻ֮˲ڻˮɢڿС
Щ޵ߵԪӤñڻ˲ƶߣ㱻Уʹĺ
ȻɱԷ顣
ԪӤڱţʩչʲô޷뿪Χ
ԪӤڵ޵ͬڵĲͬԪӤ޷ʩչǿĹֻʩչһЩ򵥵ĵ
ԨȽҴ޵ߣʹ޲¶־֮ɫ
ԨӰڿ˺󣬾㾹ȻɱοŵˣͲοŵŭ𣿡
һЦ£Ϊһô𣿡
ʶһһѺɫĳسǰϰ׹δõն굶
ն굶רɱʶմһն굶һԪӤٷȥ
Ӱ֣ն굶ΪһõĺӰɫĻȥ
зֿ¶еԪӤԪӤӶݣȴֱ޴ʶ֮
漴ն굶ֱ£ԪӤʹĺУΪ׹⣬ɢڿС
նɱǵķ޵֮١


175 ȥ޻
ʱ۵˹룬޵ߵĻǱգǵԪӤڣǵԪӤڳƳԪӤЧҩƵҪõĶࡣ
ȴ˷쳣
⻰΢΢һ㶣һǰ˰ѸµӤԵһԪӤȻӤģͬӤһԪӤƳɵҩ˵£붼ЩС
ˡ
۴Ȼȴûа㷴Ŀǡ
ûȥ˽롣
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У֮Ĺϵ࣬Ѳ˺µĹϵˡ


176 뿪
죬Ķˡ
󡢱졢ǿԼչ˳Ͷˡ
ʶջָЩȶûǰ
ѾͻԪӤڵƿд˷֮ɫͻ֮󣬵һ±ȥ룬Ϣףûİһ޷µͻơ
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ǡ
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ûɵ˵ɵʱȿԼ

֮Լĵط

ױˣҪԼ

ԲӦ䣬֮С
ͻȻ˸򣬵룬ղʲô
΢΢һЦ诣ʵˣô
һ̣ȷʵ˲ٶʼ˵֪ں˵ĵ塣ȻʲôҲǵȴԣ˼ϵĵ壬Ժ泩ࡣ
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ҪԼһͣҪһˡ
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뿪ɽ֮󣬱һֱβͣڿȻûʲô𣬵ΪķͬŻľʱ¶βͣҲʶ
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诲һԴһˣһͨͨŮˡ
ܶʱĽΪԶûеĶ
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˵ţּһ䣬ҲһЩҪһʱ䡣
˵꣬㻯Ϊһ⣬ڵķٶȥ

ȥķ򣬱诲С죬ţߣˣ


177 ԪӤ
ܲãɫ壬һʩչΧľӴ»Ϊĩ
һڱǰʵôˣ
һűȥķ򣬷ȫٶȥˣô죿
΢΢һЦѾˣҸطɽˣαҪٶأ
ʶͷŶӦĶѾɣֵһµĸ򣬷Ҳȥ˴æ
С죬˵ߣˣ诽Ҳ治֪ġ
ЦЦûж˵ʲôתƻô
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ͷҲ˵˵ûзһ͵ķ򣬵Ĵ𣿡
ＫҸ˷йеŭĽ飬ͬٺ٣鲻
˵꣬͵ķͣһ¡
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΢΢һ㶣ļֻ˵λô뵽Լȥѵʲô˵
ô룬ȴûеһߡ
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ＫΪƣ˵͸лˡ
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ñ诽󷨣ʯ󣬵߰ɣȥοš
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Ǻвĺ·ϵǳһ㣬顣
ϣס޵ߣеһԪӤڵ޵ߣЩȴǼʮΪϵ͵޵߾סһЩ޵ߣӦ˷ſʶӦǷȺ˵Ϊɲʱջʶǵ˶Էɱ֮
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ôĿ뿴ɱϷ򡣡
οյϣ׹߳ǰ


178 
ˣοǿߡ
ɫȻȻǸ˵ߣźӣһǳɫĵۣһɨɱҵܵܡ
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źʶһһͬʵĺڵǰһУָ룬

뵭ȻһЦΪɱǰѪһȻУҪûɱҵ
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ԪӤ޵ߣȻ֪Ҳû뵽ԷȻǿֵز
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Ϊߣʩչа콣˲٣ʹõĴҲˡ
ԭֻʩչεа콣ڿʩչΡ
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ղţǿôǿ߳ȥԺΪҪսһʱ䣬ŰѶԷߡ
ȥƬ֮󣬾˽ˡ
ĻǱŵˣֻһοŵ·
Щ޵ߣɻ󣬵ӦԷɲΪɵıϵ͡
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ԥһᣬ޵תڶȥϢߴңҪһܡ
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ûߣΪôԴôˣЩ˷ѡΪԺܸõһΡ
ζģ·ȴû뵽ıһˡ


179 ɽ
οյϣǧЩڣԭסŽϵ޵ߡ
սķе޵߶뿪˶ʶڿһˡ
ڶڣ򵥵ĿһۣδʲôֵǮĶƲѡ
ڵΪͬǰɲһǰûдеĶڡ
ڽ޵ȴһֵǮĶڴУֻһЩʱòϵĶŻڶڡ
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Ϊһ뷨һɡ
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ڵõЩԺĪİ
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ﲻҲ˷ѣˣΪԼá
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诵ͷһԵġ
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΢΢üͷһ𹥻ɢôƳ󷨣
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ܾǰͻˣҪ̫࣬ǰûʹùϵʯֻһ󷨣ȲѣҲ᲼þ


180 
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΢΢һЦãȻλԸߣĳԺҲңҪ췽½ϽһǵĴɣ
գɢһӴİ̲סϷ


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181 췽
췽½Ԫ
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ｻͨ˺ͨ˴óر١
Ԫһ۵ɽǹСɣڵء
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˵ƬɽУıеգȥ޵ߣΪߣǾһżЩߴɽڹʱڶΪһ޵߷񣬼ʹ֪һЩ޵ǰȥԡ
Хһɨ漴λʦܣ֪λʲô㣬׼ٵǰȥ
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ɽȾһϲСʦܣϣǰȥܣ۸ٲɵǰȥɽȶһΣ֮ھԻᱻļ̲
᲻֪ɽȵգλʦֶԸǰȥΪɵǰ;ֻһˡԭһ¶ʮǰʦʮǰһŴսУʦΪ˾ȴɱ
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üͷҲ޵ߣ
˵ûΪҲ벻Ҳ޵ߣ
ԺͦţǲԹҵķҲ顣

һĻЦ
ˣҲЦЦԷӺܴ󣬾ȻҺ˵Ļ
Ը񲻺ãϲɱ¾Щ˼ٴˡ
߰ɣ
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Цһôߣס𣿡
ԷͻȻ޵ĵӣ΢΢һ㶣ܾЩףŮһҧһεķǰвѾˣ뿪Ҳȫɱˡ
޵ߣķҲԼԼķǰ
ݸһЦ룬ҪҪ棿
ʱȥˣһкܶҪûʱ档
Թؿһۣ˵˼ʱ㲻˵췽½ܺô飬Ϊʲôһ¡
üͷʵô棿
ȻЩ˵ðȴû֣ʵڲЩ޵һʶ
΢΢һЦȻץǣȻһˣܰǴȥ
飬ͬУǻкܶҪ߻˼ھ뿪
ľͷ
һãߡ
˵꣬˵Ӱһշȥ
˿̣˵޲ɫȻǿԷΪһĶ֮죬ǾֵŴ͡ɵҲĳԷΪܸߣߵһľ硣
ղſ˿ȫɪɪߵķЩڵϡ
󿴵ȥɫҲһæʵ룬ôˣ
ڰ֣Ȼû£߾߰ɣһҪҪǲԸңȻȥҾ
ʵҲǺƢһͬ飬һһΡ
벻òĵ飬˵˵ˣôҪҲӦ
ڶ࣬ʱ㼸С棿
û˵ΪǸоˡ
߰ɣ
Ӱһշȥȴͱ෴
Ȼ췽½Ϣڼҵҵšֻǣ֪ʲôʱҵһ˵ʼޣ뾡콨һɣɵѰ췽½
ҪˣҪʬ
˸ʩչߣХ˱ˣǿµɪɪվڵϣһ㶡
ôˣ
Хͺһǲúʲô
ľߣָȥķ
ХһɻʶɢӦǧм޵߿ķɹɫˢһ±Ĳ԰ףΪӦԷΪ֪æλǰ


182 
գٷеȻͣһķȥ
˿ͻȻתͷɻѣתϡ
ӰһƾճХǰţ
Хæһ񣬹ػشǰХŵš
ʦܣҲ
Ȼ֪Ϊжߣղڿзеʱʶͷ֮󣬳ܿһֻڵʵ⣬˸ǵĸо
ֻΪ֮ϲŻǱ;нڵΪЩԪӤϵΪ
ԪӤ޵ߣ½Ѿǿˡ
ʹЩڣԪӤ޵Ҳûжˣܳ˵Ƕˡ
޵ߣǷëǣЩҲֻһˡ
ǿߵɣڴ½Ҳڶˡ
췽½Ǻһ޵֮߰٣ȫ
һͷ˽˶Էһ񣬵Хţ֪ʲô£
Х֣ǰˣХͿˡ
˵꣬û˵ֽ˵֪ǰûʱ䣿
ʱҲһԲ
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ǣ
ХһǰǰͿʮңȻ˸ߵΪ
һ˷Щ˸ʩչҲ޷׷ϣٶȡ
ХһǰǰųڵΪ
ǰɣѹأԺԪʲôɸҴǵע⡣
΢΢һЦ֪ԷǰæҲΰæЩ˰ѰҳȻеСڵĵҲ࣬һȰЩȶˣѰҳԺȥñɰæ
һǿߵ飬ܶɶæ
ʲô¾ֱ˵ɣ

ХＤ쳣ֵǰǰæ
˵֮һŵĿ룬²Ӧ
ȴû¶ܾɫͷֻҪῼǰǡ
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Ҫüͷʱ䱾Ͳ࣬˷
뵽ʹ뿪ԺҲδҵӦˣðɣҺǻش
Хæһмȵһۣ뷵˴
֮Хĸ棬æкǰ롣
Ҳʾ֮м£ʲôֱ˵ҵʱޡ
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򵥵˵뵱ڵϡ
췽½żʣЩɸ߼һǿߵϣɵİȫ
ʵ˵һȺǮµˡ
Щɣÿ¸һЩʯҩҪʱõĻȥæ鲻ãȥæҲûʲô컰˵ֶ̣Ȼ˶ԷǮϻǻְæģǽ˵⡣
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ʵ˵;ЩЦԷһǿߣܰʲô
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Х΢΢һ㶣֪Է⻰ʲô˼ǰǣ
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˵һ£˵齨һɣԸ⣬ҿǳΪڵһӡ
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У
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Хԥһ£ʵǰ˵Ļһʵ𣿡
һɭȻ㿴Ҳ˵𣿡
ΪλߣӦλߵơ˿̣ɢһƣѹɢ˵ϣХֻоѣһֱĸо
ХţֻҪ˵һ֣Էľѹȫ˲Ϣ֮Ϣ
ǰ
ХѾ޷ѹ¼֣æ˵Ը˳㡣
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䱻ţԷɡԷȻӦǳΪһãһӣӦòһ˵㻰ˡ
ˣȴûдӦΪڵĳϣɱȨ˵ɣȻ˶Էıӻ˲ɧţȨҲ࣬޷ǰ޼ɵ辭˵ͬ⡣
ԣһȨ
໥һۣ뷨һޡ
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Щʵ
Է˵һЩҪ⣬ŵĵӣȫǹ

һ
ɫһһ޵ߣҲôģ
޵߹ֵǰֻҪܴӦҪԸɡ

Цˣվ
ֻӰһ޵ߵǰ̸𣿡
һӣӴͷŶ˵ϡ˵ʱ˳ȥһӴз˳ȥ
Хɫһǰǡ
һ䣬ǱȥͷҲص˵ˣֻǸһͷѣǻָղŵ뷨Ҳɱһˡ
ϣͣХϣŵȻҴӦɣһҪԼ飬ԼĻռ䡣
˵⻰ɢһӴɱɱڣ˲
Х΢΢ûѡֻõǰһȰλʦܡ
ͷɫ˵ǲԸ룬֪ôɣ
֪
Х̾Ϣһε˵
ھԵȨǰЩ±ѡХֻܱȽܡ
շֻһʼ׼ԪСȫշ
˳߲
˵ҷ벻ɱһˡ
Щ޵ɣԸȥҲֲˡ
ʱͻȻվХˣȥӭӰɣ
Х΢΢һ㶣ʶɢûиӦ
ǻǧ֮⣬Ӧõˡ
뻺˵һĪӡ
ǣ
Хһתȥ
Ҳȥûֹֻסһ˿嶯֪˺ܱܿߵɣǰʱǵĲѣһ̸ϣԷɡΣ˿Ҳġ
Уѿ뷨ҲȥɣǵòҪ֣Ǵ


183 շ
š
ΰ׳۵Ĵ⣬һȺ޵ٵķ
ɶ㣬ʶɽΧûвɽ
ԼȥˣͷһΪȻﵽԪӤڵΪ
ԪӤڵ޵ߣ½Ϲһ࣬һ¶ٳš
ԪӤ޵һλӣò˵Ͽ㣬ȴ׺֮ɫԼʮңһۺɫĵۣؿڵλһƴСĳӣͬǴźɫĵۣΪֻнڡ
Хɳӭˣɫ΢΢һŵˣôˡ
ţλһͬɽУһԪӤڵ޵ۺһɡԪӤ޵ߣĺշ˸СɣͷţǰڵƴභǴսˡ
ϴνȥѾһʱˣߵʱһ仰
´ʱ򣬻ҪǲѪϴš
ϴνڵ޵ߣһεãΨһԪӤǿ߶ˡ
Хһ뵽ڻһǿߣһŵ
Х״ͣͷ߿Хһǰһ㶣ʦأôûһ
ХϺ޵֮ɫ˵ǰ֪ʲôҪ̸
Хһ򶨵ӣһ㶣֪ԷΪôˣѵѾóϷˣ
뵽΢΢һЦƽСӣǲˣ
Хͷҡҡͷˣ
ʲô
ɫһ
Х΢΢һЦ˵ģҲɹø㣬Ҫ̲ţҪһλǰΪû֮ǰѾϷǰˡ
˵꣬ͿŭսȭͷһЦ
ĿХɭȻˣң
̲ǣοǽҲҪ̲
ԷԱХһ⣬ȴ˵ǰûˣ㣬㲻ĻȥڿԪӤڵΪѵˣթ𣿡
ߣ
ⳤһ˦ߣȥ
Ӱٵڷȥ
ŵʮ˽⣬ŴӵǵõϢڸûɲХĻΪν⣬ǰȥԷΪ뵽ѰȽȥɣһХÿ
Ƭ֮󣬿а׹һХǰķȥʦ֣ǡ
Х΢΢һЦѾȥˣ¿кϷˣҲȥɣ
ǰ𷨱صϡ
˵ҽȥպڵ⡣
δ߽㿴һΣڴ֮Уһ΢ЦĿ
ЦݣͺǴǿСһһ
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ջؿƴʶһȥХİ֣
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˵ͻȻøղŵĻôԪӤ޵ߺͽ޵ߵ˵ʽɫһȻСӣʵ㣬ղɣӦҲҪӦ
벢δȽ˵ϵǲӦ㡣
΢΢һ㶣û뵽ԷȻеĻŭȵСӣҿԳȫ㡣
㡭
һָֻ˻ӣûǸ
ЦˣƺЦĻЦûҾ㿴
˵ͻȻоһɾ˵ѹͷϣֵĿ룬һŵɫʶѹǳǿߣ
ԸӦǿǿûеֿ
վߵǰղ㲻Ҫȫ𣿡
ֻоһæ˵ûҲǸ˼
Цһӽ߹ĸɵˣ
飬һɱ
һʶػشš
ҿ϶ʱ򲻻شԷĻԷһԥĳ֡
֮ĵͷҸѡһǳϷңɱ

νпԣ̲ţû뵽ȴ˶ϡ
Ǹֲò̬ѡϷ
˵仰Ѫһɣˣܲʡ֪ԷʲôͷȻ޼ɵ̲ɣû˵Ԫǿߡ
ѵԷԱĹң
ջʶѹȻϷң֪ôҲɱˡ
ǣ֪ô
һƢûˣϾ˼ҵʵϷ
һ죬һҩƿУȡһöҩӸ⣬ȥ
ɫһ䣬ʹýָͷȥ룬Ҳ֪ҩʲôö
Էһ˫κθɫʵ񣬽һҧȥ
ͷ˵ܺãڻȥеĵӴҸһʱ䣬ڵĵȫһҿ㣬ҩҲȲ㡣
˵ּ꣬һ䣬˸㣬ǶҩֽС

췽½ϣû˲ֶ֪ҩ
ǰҲ˵ȴ֪ҩҩȴһζҩļأҲĵʱƳģȴһֱûʹù
Ϊ켶ҩ֮һ
ƵҩˣΪҩĵĲͬ趨ԼĶʱ䡣
˵õҩһڶҲӳΪһꡣ
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췽½޵ߣȴû䷽Ƶĵҩʱһ㶼ʮҡ
˵Ϊ䷽ͬҩҲͬԷòԵĽҩӿҩԷʱ䡣
Ļ䣬Ӧ֮󣬲ߣǶԷôһ֣ûܵĻᡣ
뱾ƶԷʶһ統Ըһ취ˡ
Ϊһ˵ʶڣ̫ʶԺк档
ѾԺҸʱ䣬ϵĿػ
ڷſ诣ʹ׿Щӵ㺣ҲΪڵΪڱ֮ϡȻ̸ʲôɱȫ֣ԱڵʵԵסһʱ䡣
һ㣬ġ
һȥĽ⣬µӵǳϷ
˵ɫ԰ףĸ˵һ֣æʾġ
ǷĳϷҲϣЩ
Хʱǡÿ⼱ɫҴҵȥ
һɻ󣬶֪ʲô¡
ŵӣʦɳȥҲһɻ
Ҫ׷ȥ˾ʱȴңһӵǰİš
ŵӣȻ֪ʲô£ʦε֪϶ǼƻңƺǰˣǳڵǿߣССһڣȻгڵǿߣǸ޷š
ĿɿڴӣڴǰХһЦ˳
Х߽ŵŵ룬˵ȴ
һСʱʱ䣬ڵȫ


184 
һСʱһ㳡ϣڵĵվ
ˣ㳡ϣŴԼӣĵͷ
Хٶͦ죬ôӣһСʱʱȫемġ
һɨ漴ҲǻףΪһһһΪҽ⡣
˵һ£һãɫֽ˵Ҫ齨һɣһ췽½ϵɣǵһĵӡ
䣬ãɫпʼ¶һ˿ʡ
˵ҽţǼ֮һᴫһЩķرĵҩҪһЩķֻҪǸңõ棬ֻҪһ£Ǿҵ
ŵĵӣ͵ҩʱ򣬲¶ϲ֮ɫ
ĻЩĿɿڴ
ֻһ˵֮Укܶ˵һƿûϵֻҪŬһôһµʱµͻơеĵӣһһͬʣֻҪǿŬʹﵽڣҲһңɼ¡
ڣЩ޵˵ȷʵңɼ£˲¶ɻ֮ɫ
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Хͷֵǣ
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ХһЩԪ飬˵ʮɽ󣬵ЩɽԪռݣڣλڶ֮ϣռڵΪԪһɡ
˵֮ԴһɻѵǿԷɲɣ
ǰΪɱ֣ǿʳĵף̸ǿҲûʲô
Х˵꣬Ҳ˴𰸣жٳϵǿߣ
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Կ϶ⲻˣǣͲԼϷ
ߵʱͱ诣͵ձڵĵӡ
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֮æֵǰ
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һ·УƬ̹һǰ
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Լ˼ʱ䣬󷨱ˣһߵ˳ԭüΪǰɣͲҪˡ
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ڶʱһŭŭȵôʦѶŲˣ
ԭΣ˵Ϊǰʦ롣
˵꣬̾ϢһԶ˽ʦʦһϰߣϲʶȥӦˣԿ϶ʦԷӶ֪ȻöԷȥ
ʦԭ˵ʲôҲ
ˣҲûãԭӰһٵǿߵĶȥ


185 
һ򶴸ȥƬ̾ڶ
ڶһߣɫȻ˺΢΢һ㶡
¶һɻɫλѣʶ𣿡
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ĿĺȷöԷϷǵҿǵˣøҡ
һվһ˫۾룬ѣںҿЦ𣿡
ЦһǶǳڵǿߣʱ㿪Ц𣿡
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ԷΪгڵΪʵ˲
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뱾ûöԷϷϷɱˡ
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ʶһأԳС
֣ɢѪĹâɱʱڡ
ȫɱ۳а˲ʹΪڵߣҲоЩϢ
һɨ߸̾һȷ췽½ʮ󶥽׷Ҳһɣ
ļʶˣһ۾Ϳԣɴ˿ɼ֮о
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΢΢˳һԶ𣿡
ЦˣЦ˵ʲô壬ǿɲʲôɡ
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ʱͻشӴ˽߱˵Ϊô嶯أ


187 Ϸ
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Ļɫһ˵㣬

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Цˣ񽯺ͺ񿴵һ׳գ˵ˣеĶҩһڷպڣʱʦԸҩ
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ĽֱӵĵͽҩգлһЩӻ絺ϵõҩġ
벻òó˴ʯ͵˸𵽸Ľгչҩġ
߽׵ҩҪĲ࣬ڱŪƵͽ׵ҩҩġ
벻дڵӳ֣Ҫ齨һǿɣеĵӶﵽϵΪмǧϵĵӣʹԪеɶϲˣҲѵ¡
Ȼ齨ĿģѰҳ䡣
һºڽˡ
Ūĺΰ׳ۣǴ񹬵
գеĵӶվڹ㳡Ϻһѡ
ΪӦǵĻˣһ
ʹĵӣʱҲ˹ڵľ硣
վǰ߷ֱǱ诡͡·ǡХΰ衣
Щڵһ¶˷֮ɫΪһǿһ漣
һܼǵǰ
뿴Ź㳡ǧӣ¶Цݣһµʱûа׷ѡ
ӽ쿪ʼǶŵĵӣɽΪǶڡ
˵˵һ仰е޵߶˷ܵĻ
ƣҪƣȭͷͬ˷ܵĺһ
֮һ°ƣ´һӽ쿪ʼеĵ뿪ɽ½һ֮꣬ǰһһոµķͷҲҪɱˣҲҪǱ˶ֻҪѰһˡ
˿̣е޵߶ˣû뵽´һȻȥˡ
ָգͷųһʵϣ۳һ˵ò
һŮӣ񻣬·֮ϵӡ
ǰ˵ӼֽгֻҪҵߴ䣬صɺ󣬶ؽ͡ҩʯֻҪҪĶҶԥĸǡ
ּһ䣬סҪԼһ뿴е˶ŻҲϣ鷢


189 ٻس
εգƾɹתۼɹ֮⡣
ˣͱ诣Ҫѵڵӣûǰ
͵ˣҲûʱͬһ
ԭΪ请ŵղΧɣܾˡ
֮£ֻð񽻸һŹĵӣִ
һߣ֪ʲôʱܻȥʶʱǹһ¡м˽ʯƺķȻ诵ǰ㣬һɳͷҲﵽ˾ļ
诸Ӧһ·ʱʶӦΧĵò̲סʵƬ½ҲϤ
΢΢һЦ뿪ʱֻнΪȥĵط١
Ȼĵͷȥ뱨𣿡
ɫһǸԼңʱûҪһѵ
ʵǺܸлңģûɸôʱҲѧô
ʱ䣬췽½ûʲô̫ı仯˷һʱ䣬ľڡ
ǰһ޼ʵɽԶԶɽ·һڴϡ
Ƭɽ벢İǵȥɽ
ȣɽС
뿪Ƭ½ȣ벢δȥһΣĵطȥһξ͹ˡ
뿴һɽԱ诵ȥ
΢΢һ㶣ʵȥʲô
벻ףһûɣûϧҩģȥʲô
صһЦûнͣǵȥ֪ˣҪĶ
诵ͷû˵ʲôɽзȥ
һɽУɽȲǺܴϡԿ޵߽
ʶɢӦɽкܶ۵ߵˣʵ룬ʲôط
ֻҪ췽½޵ߣû˲֪ʲôط
г
诼򵥵Ľһ£ֻҪܳ˼۸һ㶫򵽡
΢΢һ㶣ʲô𣿡
ЦЦ½ϧĶûеĶҲ򵽡
诵˵ͷѾ֪Ҫʲôˡ
߽гһ·ȥԱߵĵ̯̣뿴ûһۡ
Щͽ׵ķͷҪж٣ɰֽȵͽ׵ߣҲв١
ǰһ״¥д֡ҩ¥
ط벢İһЩҩ䷽
벢䷽ǣҪһЩͽ׵ĵҩж١
ҩϣʲôҩûУ˵ϵˣѾڴ½ʧĵҩҲмء
߽ҩһ޵ӭˣ˵λʲôСֻҪλֵĶгۡ
ûʶӦ˵ΪΪһ˵ǲòΪ
Ϊˣ޵ߣҲ֪ͱ诵ΪֻǾýǰ˿ˣͬ˲ͬﲻͬȴ˵
벻ΪȻĵһͷ𣿡
Էһ£̬ȶʱ˼֣ǰʶ¥
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ʵڣ˵á
ʵҲ㲻ʲôѣֻһ֮Եѡ
Էҵæ˵һԵȣ¥ȥ
诿ԷɫҴҵӣϰҲʶ
ҡҡͷֻһΣǰϰ壬벻겻Էͻ쵽ϰλˣΪҲɣ
Ƭʱ䣬ӱһǰǺ͡
ͱǰһЩΪ־˲٣Ѿﵽڵľ硣
ͿվһһŮʶɣһɨӦԷɲʵ΢΢һ㶣λǰǣ
˵ãٸˣǼ֮󣬲ˣ˵Ϊ޷졣
ͿԿ϶˵Ϊܸߣﵽһ޷Ӧľ硣
뿴кͣ΢΢һЦôʶˣ
쳣ãûϾʱ䣬з˺ܶ£ҲһԱΪϰ壬ÿ쿴޵ߣʤôܶ뻹ӡ
һᣬûӲͷƤǰ벻ˣǰһ¡
΢΢һЦ˵һúͺӾȲѵĻǧݡ
ֻ֣ȴŴ͡
Ȼϡ٣½ϻܿ٣ǧǧ֣ϡ֮ˡ
֣ͻȻʲôǰǸǧݵСӣ
ϡǵãǰչһǧݣҲƾһҩģĵλһٻõҩ¥¥
뵽ϸĿ룬ԷòͬǰСȫǺϡ
ͼ쳣˵ͻȻԷΪɫһٱ䣬ֻʱ䣬ԷȴﵽΪǰͬԼһֻڵΪŬΪһ֮ǰͻƣǶԷͻ˽ڣﵽһߵĲΡ
ѵԷѾ۳ԪӤɣ
ԪӤǿߣ췽½ѾڶĴˣ˵Ҫ񣬾ŵſҲҪ֣Ϳ
æǰ֪СʲôҪ𣿡
ͬһԪӤǿ˵ЩšΪȻڲͬҲԪӤڵǿߣⱲӻûһΡ
룬Щǿ˭ûмӣҪĶȻеٰ죬ǿӵĵطҩ
⣬߼޵˽쳣ĺ˵һ㶡
΢΢һЦԺ͵ȥ˵ɣ
ǡ
͵ͷ˵ţеĵӶصڡ
һ·е˿˹ӣΪɻ
Ҫ֪͵Ѿﵽڵʵˣʵŵλá
ѵһһŮΪȺͻҪߣǾ;Щš
Ⱥ͸ߵĻϹˣ
ŮˣﵽԪӤϵ޵ߣûӡ
Ƭ̣˱һڡ
͵֮󣬲ʵλǰСҪʲô𣿡
˾ֻҪԷҪʲôûУԷǿߺܿһӶһ˵ʲôҲҪϵ
ڰ֣ʾ⺫֪ڵͽ׵ĵҩ𣿡
ͱΪԷҪһЩϧҩû뵽˵һ仰΢΢һ㶵ǰ˵ͽ׵ҩ
ãԼǲˡ
΢΢һЦͷҪͽ׵ҩµĵҩ
ȵҩѾûˣЩƳĵҩȫڵȻЩҩö֮࣬Ҳġ
׼չһЩҩǡþҩ¥ԹһЩ
˵ּ꣬һ䣬ЩҩҩģҲȫҪˡ
ȫ֣ٴһ㶣úЩˡ
ȫҪˣ
ҩ¥жҩģȻôණһҲδ
Է˵ĿЩһ΢һ
ѹסʵǰ֪ʯ򣬻ﻻأ
һ£ﻻɣ
ϵĺö࣬Ҳûʲô
Ǻϴʯڽһ룬ЩԺõϡ
һЩӻÿĵʯһ֡
˵Щ͵ɣԼ󿪲ɻأɽû󣬹ʶеʯһһ·ϣѾʩչﴫ֮󣬴Ԫأȥž
֪ôش𣬱ϾЩǿߣٴһʯܵģǰ֪ʲô
˵ʵʹ˿̵ر𼤶ΪһǿóĶԲ֮ͨ
ȴû뵽Ϣĸо


190 ﻻ
΢΢һЦ֪鵤ҪҪ
Ŀɿڴһŵɫʧ˵ʲô񵤣
񵤣ֵҩȻǿ켶ҩ½ϿЩʶˣֵ֪ҩ
ֵҩ̫죬Ƶҩּѻã˵ûŵĳϣҲֻ˵
֪Է¶ɫĻش켶ҩľ񵤡
ͼ벢Цɫǰо񵤣
ܻöҩӶǮҲֵá񵤻ûãԪӤϵ޵УǱֶΡ
ǰ׹һһҩƿУӸͣö񵤣ҪнڵĵҩԼƲϣ㿴Ρ
˵öˣóһöͶӦ
һ֣ҩƿУСĵһöڹڽţҩƿ΢΢šҩһEFҩʱ䡣һۣԿ϶Ǵ˵еľ񵤡
Ŭѹסĵļͻ˵ǰóô൤ҩǵҩ¥ҩĺ͵ҩȻв٣
˵ֹ۸
ڰ֣˺͵ػеĵҩɣԺʱ򣬻ʱٸһЩҩҩľˡ
˵ţһ֣¶һƣǰԺ㿴ƣʹұǰ
ֻСİƴСͨɫдһСɵġ֡
ƣýʯƶɣ½ϿûܷƳ
ֵرٵƣ벻ʮöѡ
诺иһöвûС
ȻΪﵽԪӤڵʵûзָơ
ԭܼ򵥣͵ΪڣֻдﵽΪ˲ʸӵС
ͽһƣ֪Ƽ۸񲻷ƣæͷһǰİš
һСʱӵҩ¥óöҩʹҩĺ󣬱뿪ˡ
ͿԶݵķ૵ҿô˹ҩ޵ߣΨһһ۵ˡʱ䣬ȻܴﵽΪʵЩ¡ߵŮӣΪҲ֮£Ӧ°ɣ
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֪һֻޣ֪θ롣
ʵﵽԪڣ봫ķϢ
ʶ诲ԶɢϢĻµ޵ߣ޷Ӧϵ
õҩ֮һ·ٷȥǡ
һĳУϿգϢš
ǰһźգҲûнĳɾ͡
ˣȴûо¶ԷǰȥȻɱңҲҪϳһΪ
֪źôˣûͻƣȰ˵Լɰɣ
ڿУ۾̲סʵ㾭ܶ°ɣ
ͷͻȻ뵽˸ĸ´ˣһһμ磬뿴ĸ
󣬴ΪĿ룬㸸ĸҲ޵ߣ
ҡҡͷûлش
һ£޵߲Ҫǳһ𣿡
תͷͣڱ诵ϣʵЩ£𣿡
һʱ֪λشףȻ˷֮£ΪܾﵽڵΪ
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Ƭ֮Ŀյϣһһ϶˱ȥڡ
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ұ˽ظգòȴҪƽ࣬һ˫С۾ʱĹ۲ΧĶ
ͻȻ̾Ϣһʦܣ˵ʲôʱܴﵽڣ
ظҡҡͷٶȣûмʱ޷ˡ
⻰̾ϢһЩε˵˵ʦѾﵽˣ˽ӽʮʱ䣬֪ʮʱܴܲﵽΪ
ʻ㲻ûˮϵʺ
ظտЦһҶЩûʲôϣʦ֣֪㿴ʦ棬ΪôΪܿ𣿡
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û𣿡
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ʦ˵ģ
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ظյͷҸ㣬ɱ˵ȥҪǴ˳ȥǶҪ𷣡
æظ֤ʦܣĺˣҲ˵
ظ֪۲ҽͷˣʦպȶˣһʦ˵£˵ʦϲһӡ
룿
üͷڵĵ𣿡
ظƺ֪ĺܶ࣬ۺȤҰʹʦ壬Ƕ˶˽⣬˵ʦĵӣڵѵһţһʱӹڵľ磬ڱɣһλʦɱˡ
۾ȵŴͣΪ򣬶ΪԷٶȡ
һʱ䣬ȻͻΡ
۾ôĲʵЩŵ˵˵Ķģ
ظտЦһʵбҪƭ𣿡
ʵظղϲ٣ǶϲΪ棬ԲŰشһ¡֪ʦ澿ϲʲôӡ֪ϢʱҲһţõȷ֮󣬲òϣǸӣȷʵǰѵһš
ʱſڵķһ׹һ˳ǵǰ
˿ͻȻֵһһŮһ㶡
ӵòǲûע⣬Ǹ޷ע⡣
ΪߵǸŮʵ̫ˣеŮٻҪƯ֡
˿ûʦ巢ģǳô󣬴ûмôŮӣ˪ˡ
˸оЩ٣ֱԷһǲ¶һ֮ɫ
æʵûʲôˣ
ԷȻܴ󷨣ӦǻŵĵӣǣǴûˡЩŵʦϣҲͼءˣǿԿ϶ûм
ղ˵̸ҲһЩߵ˵ǰҵȻǻŵĵˡ
һţ˵ʶȴһɨ͵Ļȥ
ʦһĿɿڴӣظմΪֵüͷʦ֣ôˣ
۱ظôһʣŻʧǵΪ
ǵΪôˣ
ظʶʵʶ˵ϣ¶һͬı顣
ԭܼ򵥣˸оԷϵ
˸ռ뻴Ųã޵߳ʶһ֪⣬ȫһ
ղţԷӴڽôоǲ֪ϻϢصʶΪһֿܡΪﵽԺϢȫﵽ豹澳硣
ѵǰһһŮǳǿߣ
˾֮࣬š
һסȶŵʵλǰǳǿߣ


191 ټ
۵ʻͱ诶һ㶣ǿɲղŵĲܿǵΪ
˼ʶ㣬תһ۱еԭˡ
ʱд۵Сӣ벻ǿΪ
΢΢һ㶣ҰϢǿԸӦķΧأ
ֻҪΪﵽԺΪµ˻áԷΪͬһ˳ڣ޷á
ۺٺһЦǣһѧ

üͷ𣬵ʲô
۵㲻ѧϢпϢͬϢ֮ͬ԰Ϣ뵽ľ磬ֻҪɾ磬ʹ޵Ҳ޷ӦľΪ
ЦһǼթĸо
Ҳûж˵ʲôѿϢ˵˳
Ϣ֮΢΢һ£еļɣȷʵ˵ͬϢ֮ͬţ˱诣ҲϢͬ򵥡
˿̣ۺظտ˼ʲô¶ɻɫ
һһŮǲǳǿߣҲûоԵİա
뵽ٴιλǰǡ
˵ͻȻӦΪΪȻڶӣôܣǰǡ
Ŀɿڴ֪ԷϢͻȻܸӦһǿڡ
һ¿Ϣȷʵܺãң𣿡
ۼʶĻشڡ
ɫһԱ诵ͷΪķȥ
¥£໥һۣӶԷп˾֮ɫ
ͱ诶ȥٶʵ̫ˣ쵽Ƕ޷壬ֻоһ˱ʧ
۲ʵղҲо𣿡
ظյͷţͻȻ¶ڵΪǸղŶ
ʹɵҲóǲΪʩչٶȡ
˵
ֲԤУʲôģ
ظյͷ֪Ҳµİɣ
⻰һ˶һ㶣ͬ˵һ֡
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۽ŲһʱȣЩڵϣ᲻Ǹˣ
ظҲûеףǣǻǰ¸ʦɣ
۵ͷҲֻˣߡ
ڣң̴ľϣŵӻ㱨ڵ
أһһŮڴ֮ڡ
о˽ңһ𣬸뷢ŭȴһ
ţ겻ˡ
쳣ϤңԿ϶ֻһʱ벻˭
̧ͷԷòʱЩϵڵϡ
ңһţȻ㵽ûȴû뵽ԷȻĳǰʧ㣬ôˣ
ȴЩ
΢΢һЦһңȥ˿¶Ϊȴǽڡ
ţʹԣѵûһ𣿡
ңɫ԰ףӦֻнڵΪһǰһȵĵӵǶȥɣ
ʦ
æ˵
ңڰ֣ȥûҵ
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ԹԵߵһ£˵ţЩΪûнչ
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ңһλֻЩɣ
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һ˿ɫ漴ñޱȣ𡣡
𣿡
ңһ㶣ЦһʹӵнڵΪѵɱ𣿡
˵ң뵽ʲôˣٲ֮أͬ
ЦһɭȻһɱ㣬Ҹıˡ
ңڻڣûаĻȻǻţΪɱ𣿡
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ôһʣң΢΢һܨ漴ȻˣûŻ뿪뿪
ҡҡͷ̾ϢһҲ뿪һҵС
ŹңһȥΪԷĻı⣬ˣûбҪͬ顣
ǰΪɱ֣뱾һѪˡ
ңûлش𣬷ϵ֣ŴϿյľӴһ

𣬾þõػصڵĵӶ
۾Ȼʱɱң֡
ôɱңʵ̫ˣöԷڿϣԺȻھȥ
һ̣ǿ֣߳ڽϵ޵߶Ҫǰ
Ƭʱ䣬һһ߳ڴ֮ڡ
ˣҲʶй֮Ե졣
Ϊǽڣڲûͻƣһسɳߣ뻹ؼǵá
ͱǰһɨңʵ˵ǿߣ
ûʶ룬Ϊ̫ͣû̫ӡ󡣶׷ɱ룬ûӴӡҲ
ңæ˵ʦ壬Сеаţ¶Ը
Ϊϳ룬˵һίĻ
ͷʲôҲ֪뿪ɣ
ɱͱ诣ֵɲǣͬоԷΣյϢĳ֣»ٲ֮ء
ʦĻңһ㶣ԥĳ֣ȴû뵽
ʦ塣
ңæ˵㲻ܷȥǿڵͽ
üͷһ壬д㣬˵
ң̾Ϣһŭĵһۣ˵
ǰһ׳ڴڡ
׵ﵽ˽Ķ壬⾭⼸һǰͻƿﵽڵΪ֮΢΢һ㶣ûϳԷôϲȵ룬㾹Ȼû
˻һҲ֪Է˭ˣȻ׷ɱ롣
û׷϶ԷһŭСӣû뵽㾹Ȼû
һߵңǰң׼δСӡ
ڴﵽԪӤڣıֱң࣬ȻúԷʦ֡
һʦİš
ң˵
ʦ֣
ת쿴ȥҵĵӣҲйһԵ֣ҿǷΪȥɣ
ɫһʦôʴˣϽ飬ҿԿǷŹ
Ժ󣬶û˵˵񣬾ͺİ·ˡ
˵֮վЦʵ˵𣿡
ôһʣ˶һ㶡
һһֻһ絶Ȼȥֱؿڶ
һֺݣֻнڵΪʹɱҲˡ
Ȼķ絶һһӣ赭дĴ˷絶
ﰵȣȷʵмͣȻܰѷϵ͵ĵ
ʵ벻֪ǣԭϵҲǰˮƽԴӽȥ֮ԷϵȤʱ䣬ʵʱ䶼оϵϣһЩ򵥵ķϵ
絶һ֣ͬ޵߻ò󣬵ΪԼ޵ߣһղţ첢һɱ룬ʶڳֵʱ򣬼һ˿ֻ˶ɱЧ
˿赭дĻ˷絶һŴͣŵɫ


192 ˭
޵߾ȻֵܵԪӤ޵ߵĹôܣ
˶ǰһĻôĲʵң۾
΢΢һЦ¶һħƵЦݣǲɱҾû¡
쵹һͻȻ뵽ʲô㲻ǽڵΪ
ǣԷڵΪǴﵽεʵѵһǿߣղųֵжȻͬΪǿߣɵֵ
Сʧʱ䣬ӽڴﵽԪӤڣ컹Щš
컹ǿܣǳǿߣҲ޷š
뵽Ϊȵ˵ʱͻԭľ磬ٶȣӵоˡ
ЦһʲôҪ˵𣿡
˵꣬ûлشּһ䣬ûʲô˵ģҾҪˡ
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ܵһңٴڵеӶ
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193 ֮·
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194 
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һԭԼһΪˣһ֮ȴ˵ĴﵽԪӤڡ
ѵǶʲôĵر
ô̵ʱڣôͬʱͻƣ
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֪ٳԺ֮λķˣߵʦܰڰ֣ʾֹͣһ֣ɵǰУֶٵʦ壬ڵҲ֪˰ɣ
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أԶĵϣһûڿС
һЩϡභ
ɫһ䣬æߵı诵ߣȥ
һµˣǰȴòܡ


198 ص
ǰһƬյϣʮ޵߶
мˣȻʶϵ·ȴеĵۡ
ЩʹõĵҲеķص䡣
ص䣬ںϰټ֮бƵһšڵĵһѡǾúʵһ֣
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Щвٶɱ޵ߺõؼһЩڵĲؾڵõȻҲṩ˲١
صȻƣȴһֱŬоԼصڡ
صڶ࣬ÿ˶ѡʵļ֣Ƶڡ
ŵƣƵ֣ȻģͬЩƣȴǴ½ΪİʯΪЩڼһЩֻбŵĵӣܰʶ뵽УڵϢ
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ȵ֮ЩأƺʹʵڵķͷҲҪʹã˵ֻڵĵӲܼ
ЩȴƵķƷӺеһޣֻǹâͬˡѪɫڵʹõΪϲͬɫҲͬ˵ӽʯǽɫƵɫ
Щ֮ǰƳġ
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յϣЩȷʵڵĵӣǵΪߣֻйڵľ硣
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ХڵһҹִˣХڵڣκ޵ûоŵͬ⣬Ѳ飬ǳ·ͬһڽܵ顣
󣬵Ϊš
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ХڵӵĹȫʧˣЩڻϣҲûиԷһ𺦣»ڻζһ¶ûС
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ȵŴͣŵ۾ôܣֻйڵΪôֵܵǹâ
ΪԷΪߣʹķˣֵܵסǹâҲҪˡ
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ХڵĵȫԭأˣҲһľȡʩչĻмַȻǿɲΪô̬ķϾõصŶ೤ʱ䣬ܰѻףڵޣܷӳ
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췽½ϣһţнڵΪ
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һãһһձը졣
Ϊ̶ԲķΧ


199 
ɵյĴŷ벢ûأХڣֻһĿģǱǡš
ȻҪɱе޵ߣЩ޵ǰһɱʡʱ䡣
ǰĺûϳԷΪһ
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صźЩӶˣصȫϵĵЩ󡣶ǵûбɨ䣬еĵóӷȣ췽½ûһõ
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ͷʵΪκôХڵ˳ͻ
һϲԷ񲢲ǲˣûһͶǳ֣ѡ״û뿪ԷΪԶ֮ϣ»δʩչԷɱԭأڵȣڵǿǰԮ
æ˵ԭ˵֮󣬵ȫķԸȥѲ飬ǡ
ڰ֣ʾԷ˵ȥˣתЦŵҺХڻЩԨԴ
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˵ͷ¶һܵЦݣʶҶʶ
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ѵХھʲôＴɣ
Ϊֻһɵǰȴûжأ
벻ףҲȥæ˵ǰȻʶλʦ壬絽Σ
ɫȻ̧գͷȥȻҪȥ
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ŵһ㶣ǰ⻰ʲô˼
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ŵȻ֪ʱҲ˵˵һӣһѪĳȥʦ㱻ˣˣʶҲòѹȵǣ޵ֻڵΪ
ʱŵϢ󣬸޷ţϾں֮Ĳܴô޵ӵнڵΪ˷ʦţϾͬȼ޵ߣһӵǿķɱ˶Էǲ޿ܡ
뵽ŵֿòһôᣬһôƽ
ѵǰǰһɱХڣڼǧ޵ߵ׷ɱУŮѵ޵
ŵӰһΣסΣŵʵǰʲôʱȥХڣ
飬ÿڣֻίʳԷȥХڵʱ䡣ôһʣ֪ԷǷ뵽ˣҲöԷŭ
ʶεŵȻεĺܺã廹΢ĲŵʻȻ֪е뷨˵һŵֵĻǰҹһȥХڡ
仰ֱӵŵٴ˺岽ͫȻŴʧ㡭㣬룿

δ뿪վŭȵҲе𣿡
ŵһˣͶˣԷǰʹﵽڣڴﵽڲѣȻԷΪһţڴ½ϵĵλ϶ͬ죬ҪΪĵҩѡ
뵽ŵɫѿǸӵɫ
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ΪŵҲ֪롣£¶Էûǹȥ£һŭ֮°Ƕɱˡ
һ˴۵С۵໥һᣬЦ겻Ͳʶˣ
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ͬսӣµһͳ졣
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Ȼ𰸣ȴ޴֪


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201 
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˷ܣǱߵХڵȴ¶һϣͫ׷ŴķҪ뿪ۿ
һ֣ȻУѪĽ۹ɢĺĹâֻһӰǰ֮ǰķ絶жһ˼أڵϡ
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ХеĵӶˣȻ˲䣬ɳʶ֪ʶͬѲˣԽȥֻؿռ䡣ȻֻؿռХڵӲֹһܶʶ뿪壬δüȥֻؿռǰŵӵķ֮¡
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˵ӰԺнȭͷٴ¶һħƵЦݡ


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΢΢һ㶣漴ҿ԰еĵҩϡпʯ㡣
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о۾ЩʪˣŬԼһξӨỨǴ۽ǻڽµϣһ߲Ứ
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ŵĵӿ֮ǷҪڵһʱڸ


205 
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ƣȻ֪Źдĺ򲻵ѵʱ򣬾ʹá
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û˵ʲô֪ôһ⣬һΧѵ룬޺ܶ࣬в弶ϣǰĵӣΪ඼ڹںڣЩޣ»ᡭء
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뵱Ȼôһ˵Ѹһɱ
诵ͷ󷢳һ죬ûκã˵ȴջ󡣵ɽУ˵ޣְ취ԲˬЩȻ֪һΣգǻ޷˵ǰ
Ȼճ֮󣬰һƬУ㴫һ޵ĺľˣҰΧɽ΢΢ζʹڰҲܴ޵ĺУܵԷڸ߶ȵ˷С
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˵һ£ֽ˵Բڵޣ弶ϵĶնɱˣʣµԶԸѰңȻټǰУһɽǡ
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ʮ޴ɽףҲһֻƾһ֮նɱ൱ѣ诺ʩչȴɲ١ʮص㣬ܰ뵽棬ǿķȻȴ޷һɱʶնɱʱѶȡ
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ȻˣҪȥ
뵽Ա诵ؼҿ
΢΢һ㶣æʵ
뿴ұķﲻԶ߰ɣ


206 Ǯ
ұͬ뿪ʱûʲôһƴСĴ䡣
ľһæµŸԵ飬ʮǰѪһĻҲʱţ嵭ˡ
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ȺļˣɫȻɢһɵ
Ȼͬźɫ·һǶ޵ߡ
Щ޵ߵΪͣҡ
ͷһˣɫȻûһ˿飬Χһͬ޹ϵ
˵ΪȻﵽڵľ磬ʵǿߣԸΪ£½֮١
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һ첼쳣ϸȻ췽½õ˿ɡ
첼ϵһֻչڷɵķˣ·ʱչ衣
ļңͬǰļԶҪȥ뵹ķϾ
Ȼ뿪ʮ꣬ʮǰһĻұڵļǵãϱڲԫķݣɢһשһߣǶЩһȫɱˡ
Ϊԭļһֱʮǰò
˿̣ڰϣкΧȺͻȻӭȢĶͣ
ô£
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ǻ֪ͬǰʲôֵүȥǰ濴
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Ƭ֮ǻˣүǰһ̮ķݣ˵ܴȥ
ڷ̮֮󣬸ǵر󣬰Χĵ·ڸһ룬Ҫһש߲С
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޵ߣǰĵӣԷæÿһ·
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Ƭʱ䣬ʯˣΧ۵˵ʮǰΪӦڣʹʮŬֻܴﵽڡ
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һԪͬʮöңһöҵʮöңһöͭҡ
ͨͥһµѣһңһԪԹʮˡ
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ȥĻһЦͽ̵ңǮʹĥֻҪϻǮ鶼λ
үȺУǣү˵ˣֻҪҰæשߣÿ˿ԵõһԪıꡣ
ұ֮岻һתۼ䣬Ͼϲɫʧ
ԪãûСҪ
ȺĴһǿұľûб̬ǰשˡ
ԭΪЩԺ󣬶שߣǾûһ˱̬
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ɻĿһۣ˵ɵˣԪȻҪȥһƱˡ
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ЩȥһЦ㵱ɵһԪ浱˵ֵǮ𣿡
Ʋѣһҹͺƣ룬ӵȵˮڵãΪ·ϵשߵôʱ䣬ƲѣҪʱ򣬼ŭ鶼û
ȫô֪꣬үˣæشүЩ˲Ը⡣
첻һ㶣ʵΪʲôԸ⣿
벻ԭôõĴʲôþܾģǽϲ֮գҲô߼۸
Ҳ˵һԭ򣬵үҿЩηӡ
һһ㶣ΪȻ˵ʲôη壬Ǯ٣Ұ¿㴦ãһԪǲУͳʮԪʮоͳʮҾͲţЩ˻Ǯȥ
ΡΡӦһȺȥ
Щȥַɻ֮ɫһﲻ룺ѵСҪǮ
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˵һΪȻӣһҧÿ˿ԵõһٸԪıꡣ
˵⻰ԼҲһ亹
仰󣬵ʱ͵ɴ۾һŵɫмһ±˵ĴȣǵʣǣûɣûɣȻһٸңɵ˰ɣôǮʹȥҲֵˡ
˿̣ôУ౧뷨
һģ֪ˣŵҼү˵ˣֻҪλԸשߣԸ͸ҽԪ
Ϊ˵գ˵ʱ򣬹ѽԪּ
޴ǰ̲סˡ
ֻһʮȺվͷԻȭͷôõĴˡ
˵꣬һԱߵľ񷿼ڽһ£漴Ƭϱڲԫķǰȥٵŵϵשߡ
ľ񿴵˴ͷҲ߳Ⱥеȥ£еĸɴֱȥá
ұĴ㿴ңҿ㣬ڴ峤ϡ
ұǰĴ峤ѾɱڵĴ峤Ǻѡġ
Ʒ쳣żӭ׵Ķ˴󵨣Ȼòףȴ˵ΪһʧʮˣǰĹ壬˶̾ϢһǿŰɣ
ҲûϾôǰֹ»ἤ䡣
ұĵӣ̲סˣƷ˵жԴ𷣣Щȥˡ֪˭ͷҵķȥеĴһȥ
µ£òӵòӣæòֺ
ȻЩ˷еĴȴ֪֮գƾ


207 
֮⣬εϣ뿴Žߵұ̾Ϣһ
诿һǰĴׯСʱ
ȴǲ졣Ϊʮﵽյĳɾͣ϶޵ңڣȴû뵽һƽСС
ͷЦû뵽ɣʮֱ꣬ǰ뿪̤޵֮·
뿪ʱ򣬻ʮꡣںܶຢ˵ͻһ¶֪ͣȴҪһ׷ϴ
ڽ벻ʮ꣬Ͳ
ұԽԽţûлˣ֪ұô
أɫһߣˡ
ֻһӰʧǧ֮⡣
΢΢һ㶣֪ΪôķӦҲӿٶȡ
Ƭ֮ڴׯһƬڣȥ
ߵڣŵ诲ʵȢ𣿡
˵꣬ղķӦﲻɻѵ޳ŮͬĪĹϵŮӾǳ
뷨һ֣诱˵˼޳ûϵ
ش𣬱诲ʵȻûϵղΪҪǿм٣
ɫһǷŭΪһ޷ܵ¡
̾ϢһܵɱΪ
˿̵ұڣæĲֺ켰ϼңѾŪĲӣеש߶档
ȺУΨһûжıǴ峤Ʒ壬ֲԤУЩשߣ޷̫
ȴһЦ⣬ò˶೤ʱ䣬ǰˡ
˶ûע⣬˿
˭Ƕשߵģ
һͻȻ󣬵ұڵе˶
΢΢һ㶣תʯ˿ȥȴԷһæʵʯˣǡ
Ȼûڿڣ޵ߵ֪٣ʶ޵߷
ʯûлشĻֻǵͷĵӣĵطȥ
˿̣˶ͣеĻˣΪȵĿΧ
ұˣɫǾ۱䣬Щ廹ֵ˫ֲеʱ䡣
峤Ʒ尵һãæֵ˻𣿡
ߣ
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ʯ˸ǾղʶұϿոӦһ£˵⣬ûз־ˡ
ֱʯһ£ӦԷΪֻнһǶԷϢķǶԷΪ̫ߣѾﵽľ硣ǰߣ߻һƴ֮Ǻߣ´˶뿪еȻԼ
ŲѣæȵʲôˣȻԻڣѵ֪ү
žણ
һİȺص˶ʶȥ
ֻϣ֪ʱһѪİӡӡʵںľˣƺԵγѪ
ǱٴδҲ֪үʲôӣҲ֪ҿȷĸ㣬Ľǵļա
ŵһ仰ȴû˸ϳΪղһϢİƣʵ̫ˡ
ֻҪе޵ʶ˵޵ͨˣ֪ǿ޵߳ˡ
ʱֵ޵˷ŭֻһֿܣ뿪֮õ롣
ȻǰһΣûлصУʶ˲֪
о屻һɱϢ˫̲סҵĲһתķȥȴǵүҲһ԰׵ĿΧȺֵɫûүģ
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һһŮͱ诡
˶Ĺۿ诵òΪǵ߶ϡ
ұ˵òʵ̫ϤˣǰǼ֮󣬵ʱĴ峤켰òߴеˣԺˣ۷ʲô¶Ҫ
˼ҳΪöӼסһЩֲ顣
˵һɱ˲գ۵ħͷרųԺӵࡣ
ʶжʱ䣬úֹסá
Ȼⶼǰ˿̵˫ͨ죬Ũɱʹ޵֮˵ĴҲĸо
ʶ룬Ҳ֪ԷΪҵղŵİæʵǰ֪εˣ
ûκθ飬һһٵʵЩש𣿡
˵ǣȴү´ģһʱ䲻֪λش˵ǣԿ϶ǰ˻ԥ֣³ܲҡ˵ү֣ү³Ҳòȥ
ΪҳΪȥ뷨ҧġеǰĵط£Ҳ֮١
Цһʵţ߼죬ٻ㣬֮٣ô
Ȼǡʺڵ飬ķȻ̮ϾҵĶ޼ɵİˣͬûʲô
⡭
һ仰֪λش
һɭȻһеӦµɣ
һתڰϵ쿴ȥ
챻ôһʱȫ䣬岻ʹ
ͨһ壬Ӱϵˤһࡣ
ΧĻæǰס죬һŵĺүү
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ʶĻŭЦ⳥ʲô⣬һԷһ
Էûе֣һǰȻ޵ңҲһЩҩģǰҪĻȻȥ֮һеĶ͸ǰҿΪǰ
Ѿû̫Ȥִϵǧҩ𣿡
ǧǧꣿ
쵹һҩȻ٣ûʮ֣˵ǧˣϵҩģҲûмꡣ𣬶ϧҩмУȻ˸ǼҲߣΪ֮ʱҪǿҪ
ЦˣЦô޺ߵı诵һͷһɱ
读⣬Ҫ֣캰ǰѵҵֵһöǧҩ𣿡
ֵ
һЦ϶ĻشΪһҩҲ
󣬲԰׵ţͻȻʲô󺰵ʯˣҡ
˿̣ʯŵӶȺУԭ֣ǵӦԷŨɱ󣬱ͷΪ֪ʹе˶֣Ҳ˲˶Էһë󵽶ԷΪԪӤϵʵ
һʯò֣ʹ벻ɱҲ޵ˡ
֮£߳Ⱥȶͱ񣬶˵λǰ׽ⲻ׽ᡭ
ûʯ˵꣬ϵô˵ǻɸΪˣ

ʯ˵ǣɱ񣬵ߵĻȥ
Цһָ̧죬ҲʲôݣҲ֪ʲô֪ʲôϵ
˵һ£һɭȻ죬ɣҲȲ
仰飬һµй٣Ϊ̡


208 ȫ
ʯ΢΢һ㶣ֵǰһӣŹΣ
ЦһʵãһŹ𣿡
⻰ʯ֪˵ʲôҲãǵǰȻǾ͵ˡ
Խ뻹û¹ʲôˣ˵ʯֻнڵΪǿҲһ
ߵı诵ͷְɣǲµˣȫᡣ
󣬵Χ쳣İ仰˶ڶ
֮ȫһЩСĴ˫̲ס
诶ˣϰ׹һУʯڵĵطһ
磬Ȼʯٶȿľˣתۼǰ
˿ٶȣʯһȴûеæһӭȥ
˵ֵ޷ѻʯ𲻵κá
ֵֻһʯķֱǰ
֮УʯһƣǰʩչһҪߡ
һУ诶ȥ
һӰһ诳ʯ־һʯϡ
ԻʯѾκλŵϣʶȻ뿪塣
£ʯϣ˲ʯΪ룬Ѫֱ
ѪѪҺΧĴϣһЩСĴŻ²ֹ
Χĵӣʦ˲䱻ɱһŭˣ̼ԵķҪͱƴ
һˣ൱ǣһʯϵĴСʶһǴзɳһľϻ̬ķವһɵʯʬϿաţʯ뿪ĻС
üͷһһһͷŶǼϡ
޵ߣлطȴоһӴУ岻һ㶣ǰɱʦ壬ѵĻҲŹ𣿡
ЦһҲˣȻ֣ͱġ
ԷеǷȻûмȴ֪ʲôǴ½ʮ󶥽׷֮һϻľϻľ֮һľƶɣ˵Ļǡ
ûдﵽԪӤڵ޵ߣ뿪ԺʶʱŶǽϻڣʶԺʱ°빦á
޵ɫһһǰĿռһɫʽħħֻħ𣬶һ𣬻صǰһذ̬ķȻϻȥʱѪ⽦
ǰȻΪܸߣɱҲҪһĴۡ
޵ɭȻЦһΪ졣ִֻһصķѪٷɽѪУγһС
ɫȻޱϲƽܾûпħˣѪȻĲ˵ãֻ򡣡
ǰڹһն굶ǰմһն굶˵һֱħȥ
ն굶ħУδѪɳɢеѪ
Ѫɢ޵ߵ³һѪԾն굶ô
ȥɣ
һһն굶ʶǣ£Ȼ޵߷ָȥ
޵֪ȥһҧҧͷһѪ
Ѫ죬ͬħһγһɫĻ֣ϡԿħ
ʩչ൱ʹԪӤ޵߶ϣҲ޷ơ
ǳǿߣȵá
ֻһն굶ħ۶ɵĻ֣Ȼ޵ߵؿڡ
ն굶ȥ󣬺ڹ͵죬޵ߵĻǶʱ뵶ڡ
ʮеն굶רħרɱǣֻҪ޵ߵڣΪߣһӰ졣Ϊߵ޵ߣǿѹն굶ڵ깥Ϊ͵ľҪùˣ˲ȥǵĻǣնɱ
ɱԷ֮һ֣ն굶ϻͬʱɵǰսС
ǱߵսҲˣż߱ʬ塣
кһ读صߣɫȻһ޵ķ
ĵͷ漴죬㻹ʲôҪ˵ģ
ү֮ʲôʱѪȵĳ棬˿ſڽԣͣŻأ
Ļæתֵ˵ǰɣˣŹҰɣ
˾ȵɫУȻڵϣһĿͷġͷϣ΢죬Ѫֱ·оʹƵģڿġ
ƽûˣһҲү
̧ͷ֣һͷŶ˲۳һɫĳ쳣ȣʹʮ֮ˣҲ¯ĸо
ѾͻϵںһԻϵ۳ĳ֪
½ӲĿʯڻοһˣ
֮۳泤ͻȻǰһ仰ʬ޴档
ôųˣǾʬ޴ɣ
һϹһȻȥ
ľˣһ֮ɵ֮⣬ǰҪϣȺһ
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һŮӵжϣͲʮꡣ
üͷһʶһɫһĿͣ
תղŷķȥ
ȺɢһɫµŮ˹òȻȲϱ诵ˣͨŮҲһļˡŮӵ͸оЩϤòָоǿҡ
ѵʶ
ţȴʵǣ
ŮӼߵǰһб׼ǽ
ϻΣɵҲ֪
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Ůɫһæ˵룬Ƿǵõһβμڵ£
ʵ֮һ˿øУֻŮ黳һֱû˵
һֱûˣҲΪһֱ룬Ȼ˵ĺܻ˵Ĵɵ׷ɱȥһֱšڵȣϣڽǰһ档һȱ㽫ʮ꣬Լһȥ󲻵òһԸܵʵ
룬ˡ
ڣڼѹ£òˡ
޵ˣһ̵ү졣
ôһ˵ȷʵʱһŲ̊Ц
ӰǰŮںһȴмͬԵΨһЦŮӲûУﻹЩмΪˣ˸ĸ⣬ŮΨһЦˣƾһ㣬붼ܾҪ
ҽ
ȴ쳣ᣬ𣿡
ͷԶڵϣһֵ죬ɷ򣿡
ǣ
ͷϣܷŹ
ô˵ҲûףϾû˵Ȼ֪֣֪顣Ҳ֪һ֪Ҳ֪
ȷʵ֪ʲôǽ˵ȥҲ
Ļ붼û룬ҡͷУҲܷŹ
ȻȻûа㷴ء
ɫȥ֪һ֪ͻȻ̧ͷֱ룬ܲܲɱȻҺû飬ϾҵδҲĿȥ
뿴һۣ漴תһ䲻κθ˹


209 

⻰һЦһ޵ߣܸʲôܸһЩԷҲδؿǰʲôóֵĶԼĵ⣬ûʲôĶ˰ɣ
뵽ɫһıӰ뿪ڣ߶ȥ
ڣ룬ֻҪҸԸΪţ
е뷨û˵
仰΢΢һЦʵţ
һ£ֽ˵Ϊȱţ𣿡
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˵⻰৵һ¾ͺˣͷ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽˵仰һʱ䲻֪λش
ԼŮˣǾԲеģ˵ûи飬и飬ҲȢһš
벻֪λشʱ򣬴д۽СӣѾͷȻĲôĲ
˵һæתƻ⣬Сӣʸ⣬Ҫ𣿡
⻰΢΢һȻֻһ˲䣬ߵı读ǸӦˣͶһɻ
ҡһͷʾԼû£ۣʲôֱ˵ΪҵŮǾԲܵ¡
Цһ£û˵ΪŮӣȴа취ĺӡ
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ЦŸ룬Ժ˺ͻẰ˧İְ֣ԼǺ衣
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ǶŮʲôΣ𣿡
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벻ף˵ֻҪ㲻ɱԸΪһ顣
˵ʱ򣬹һּ
ͷһۣҿԲɱ⣬ӡ
һһָͷŶֻа׹һǽǰļϴ
ડһ߼ѵĵط쳣룬ɭɭ׹ɼ
ţѪٵŶѵ˿ڴʹĺ

ܲ絶ʰʹ࣬һ󣬾Ȼ˹ȥ
һת泤ʱɢڿУҴӦˣߡ
˵ţ˲ߣһȥ
ȥΪȣһ
ɱɱ˲۵ĶħҪ뿪ˡ
ﶼţЩשߵĴڴܿ뿪
;УΧĴͻԶԶĶ㿪նԷ
ûߣ·ѩһ㣬һվԭء
ߵڵʱǰеͻȻͣ
󣬱诲ɭȻĴ˹ǲשߵˣȫɱ
ԭеĶɱˣһôʵ̫ˣǷͷ
ǣ
诵һͷԭصߡ
һ֣ͻȻУ£ɢűĺ⣬ΧĿҲһ˲ļ֡
һĻ᲻֪Ҫʲôԭ԰׵ɫøӲ԰ˡһȺĸĸһҧȻҽţ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ


210 
ұ
һƬڣվС
΢紵һ˿֮⣬˵趯
뿴ǰҴӦ¶ˣֵ̬ˡ
΢΢һ㶣ʶʵ㣬Ҫʲô
ƺ뵽ʲôɫߺ죬漴ͷ
΢΢һЦһõĵɫղŲ˵Ϊţ𣿡
ǣ
Ųѣ֪뾿ʲô
Ҫ£ܼ򵥡
뿴һӡ
ʲô
ȴû뵽˵ôһҪΪȡܿ죬뵽ʱҪʲôɫٴαߺ͸˵ƻһ㡣ѵҪңҳΪŮ
Ȼһ˿øУȴûᷢ£ﲻҲΪŮˣһҸɣ
ȴ֪˿̵뷨һߺ죬㲻ӦҲǿ󡣡
˵ĲӦҲǿȶԷȻǾӣԲСˡ
Сӣôϻʲô
۵Ʈ˳бӵĸоҪҿֱһ
ָ˵꣬۵ͣ˵ȥͻȻһӴǹϢɱ
۵ɢӴɱЦ˵ĻҲһ±ɱʴĸо
ۣ
ڣ쳣һʱ䲻֪λش
ͻȻ֪Ȼ̧ͷ룬ʲôʱʼ
ĻشһܾѾûк֮⣬ɫھͿʼɣ
Ժһ㶣һΧ𣿡
ȴǾȡ
벻֪ԷΪٴǻشڡ
Ǻ֮ɫһǡ
Ͷ£ջû˵
ʵ˵ǣȻûˣϾ̫ˣһ˿ǡ
ĻΪƣ᲻֪ʲôҰսȻ֪ȻǴ̼ᵽرĿУûǰʱв˶ϲȴΪȻ
Ҫ˵æ˵
ãһŮ˵һ仰ȴսһҪࡣ
Ŷһ£ʵȥ
벻֪λش𣬵ҲȥҶʩչ
Ե֪Ĳ࣬ôһ˵ΪȵʵǸ룬ѵǸʱҲҪʩչ𣿡

ͷתһߣٻش
ͷתһߣˣ룬ʵ㲻ʩչҲԸ⣬ᷴ

롣
˵֮󣬱ͷԹԵ˵룬ɫˣǻǡ
벻֪λشʱߺһ诳ߣһȫɱ
ͷţｻˣȥȥ
˵꣬˵һɽȥ
ɽȥɻҲ֪ʲô
һСʱұϿգֱ£ϼԣǶϱڲԫԡ
Ҵľ񣬿ٴηһ·𾪻ŵһ㣬ɢܿ
ûˣһ֣ϵשʧ
ĿɿڴɫУһСɽƾո֣ԭϡ
һУѪĽٷɶֻʯм裬һʯݵγˡȫ̺ãǲžⷿݵʵ̫̫ˡ½ϣǴδ˵ַݡ
̵ķݣǰĸʽݡ
дӴóһЩʯͷΧһԺǽԭٴǰʯʨٴΰڷʯǰһ۵̵ķݣĵͷߵǰе΢΢ӶϺȻԾĴ֡ҡ
һͷڵţҲұһӣҲˣֻҪǲַҲɱˡ½ķݣһأϣҲҪһ
ЩұĴһʶĵͷη֮ɫ
ڷΧһ󷨣ñ诰
说漴뿪˷ݡ
˿̣ټķڣֻʣˡ
ɫ쳣ƼƽţЩӵ㺡
벢ûʩչһ֣ǰһΣóһľ̳һľ̵̺֮ѴңóһЩƷϡ
ЩƷЩò֣һ޵ߣҪЩ
˿̣ȴһ뷨óС¹һײ룬óǲҪңǣ˼һǡ
뵽һٴκ
벢֪뷨˿⣬ʼɣ
ţ˿ȴ֪Ҫʲôؽ⿪·ϵĿӡ
ڹڽţûúãֻžһť۴ϵ
Ȼ󣬵ʵ̫ף뼰ʱʶûɢҲ
ת뿴ΡΡĽťۣʶüͷڸʲô
ͷСʵ·
С·һ㡣
һЦ˭·ģ
΢΢һ㶣ʵΪӣ·ôܡ
ڰ֣һõ󣬵Ҳ㣬ֻҪʩչһɡ
䣬ȻһȴЩʧ䡣
뻺ߵߣţ飬Ϊʩչ
᲻ţŬԼȴζ޷ɡ
ԽǷɣԽǽţԽǽţԽɡ
뿴մһ͵ϣס塣
˷˼ΣӰ£ŽطԼ
ۿʱˣ밴תڳһ˿Ԫͬںһڼںϵһ˲䣬ͻȻȥʲôԪ̺԰ôһĺŮ޷ӵκԣȫһˡ
ȻǷĺӣҲ˰ɡ
벻ϣҲƽĹһʲôҸ
У׹һһƶСԲǰһӣԲĿ£ֱɵǰĶڡ
ûɣһǰס󣬶ͷųһɻת쾭ʹºӣѲҲӵаϵ
סöԪӣͬϣջ
ͻȻһĻ˿üᣬ
롭
ӣҾͿк𣿡
ͷû˵Ҳûƿ
ΪԼӣ͸һЩڱ˴˵ļɣ
Ժһ¹µһ̷£һ廳ļԴȪ

ЦˣȻЦݲǰǣҲŮ˶صŮô죿
Ϊ췽½ŮӣС֪е˶ϣ¶ӣڽӴŮ֮󣬻Ҫӡ
΢΢һЦ˼֣ӻŮһҲ˵ʲôġ
󣬲ûϲЩʧֻΪһӣȻûм֮ףҲϣΪӡ
֪룬̾Ϣһû˵
ͻȻʲô΢΢һЦ룬˵ӽʲô
˧
Ůأ
Ů

˹֣һ
̧⣬⣬Ǿ֮ϵĲ񷣬Цˡ


211 
췽½޵硣
Ԫͳڣһɺɽ̲ɵע⡣
޵ߣͻȻ˺档
֮̽£Ȼδ˽ݣ¼һ˽⡣
Ͼϣûв͸ǽ˴֮£ܻһϢġ
Щ˵õϢǣڳһұĵطĴ׷ɱӵţʼٺ˵һȥһΣʱ䣬ͻȻ췽½߻˲ǿߡ
޵ɻѣ뵱·ƾʧһƾճ֡ɸΪΪ뿪ʱ򣬲ǽڣһתʱ䣬Ȼ˴½϶ǿߡڡ
ȻЩ޵δʩչȷʵ
룬ûгڵΪɱ
ãƾ辫ĵһɱһɸǵ̲¡
Ҫ֪췽½ϳɲֻɣһǧϵʷû˳ʱӣӹɸҲ޷췽½ǧ϶Ȼɣɱһڣʣĸ
Ĵɣаֲĸ֮ڡ
ɣֱǳźͽ𵶹Ľš
аɣȴħںɷڡ
ԭ󳬼ɣڣγڵڣɶ
һͻȻȻаĶǶ֪žаŵֶƺаɣɴɱҲŹԭ򣬵ԴӽԺδǿǿȡ£ʮֵ͵һȴķ
аŪһмɣɳǰȥѺ÷ʡ
˵Ѻ÷ʣٽ˶֪޷Ǵڵۺʵˡ
£ħڵٶ죬ŵ֮󣬱ɳǰȥ
ɳĵӣҲʶǵ⣬Ҫɱźպ⡣
һգյգһ˼Ԧɽȥ
ȷʵǷɱźʧܺ󣬱ħڿޣһǰͻԭΪﵽڵľ硣
ڱ̲ΧɽҲµ֡
ɽ˷𣬶ɽеڴһϵ
𷨱ɱۡ
һ亹ûпԷӰԷȻˣƾԷΪڽ֮£췽½ϣѾӽǿߵˣ޵ߣκһɶɳִ
ѵǿ̶ֳȣ޵߶ⰲţڿ
ˣʵǿһµĳ̶ȡ
ħڣΪĴ󳬼֮һڵĵǧϣҲһ޵ɽţǻΧɽ
뵽ԭΪȻ࣬ڣͽŵķȥ
Ȼһţڵʹ̽鱨ʶ֪ŵľλá
һ·򱱣Խ֣һƬƽء
಻ɽУȻһյأ⾪Ȳѣվԭأ΢΢ſ
ƽȻֲ˲ľڷһЩʯʣ⻹ǿԿ϶ٲȻС͹㳡һĿյأ޵ͨʩչĽֹҲǿȴ޷ôáȻһûʲôرĵط࿴ۣᷢС͹㳡ΧɽȻһ壬ԭӦóһ
㳡ȻһЩȴԸΪȵĵɴ۾
ھȵԭȴǹ㳡Ǹ޴ʯţʯϵȵİʯƶɣرأмλһ͵ĹţߵСһЩʯλãдһֲ֣Ծÿһʶ̺
Կ϶û֡
֣ŵĵӶ֪һڵӵ϶֡
ȻǸʯţϳ⣬ûʶˣǸЩǰŴƷ
ƷǷ⽨ΪùѫƵڡԼТĽҲһЩƷΪɽŵģеġƵƷ͹ŴɽЩʶ
ɽ֮£վµĵӣɫȻɽµһһ
⿴ʶɢʶŵ۵ĵϣԭھȶŴͣŵĸˡ
Ϊ
ȻӦԷΪ
ֱ⵹һ
Ҫ֪ҲнڵΪӦԷΪֻһֿܣǾǶԷΪԶ֮ϡ
һУɽľвڽڵΪǰɽģѵԪӤǿ߲ɣ
췽½ϣԪӤǿߣĸüϹɹڣΪϡ
ţȻһ֮ϣ֮µǿɽš
ʱֲǵĸоԺһƬհס
֪˶ãŻڵʵĿסľһɽȥ
˿̣ɫɫ쳣ĽţĻʱǸΪȻ̬ȣ·һ˾ȵС񣬲ҷɡ
ɽ£æɽǰ޵߹񣬡λǰħڵ⣬ơ
̫ţһ˵˻Щ˵šʱ֪ɵĹزͬűΪ
źȻ濴ͬطȴྶͥ
췽½ϣŵȨʮޣֻܹһЩ򵥵һЩķ򣬻Ҫȡڵĳϡȴͬ·۹Ļʵһ㣬ϣӵžԵɱȨʹɱڳϣҲһ仰¡
Ļֻʶĵһͷұӵ𣿡
֡
΢΢һ㶣ʵʲô
ǵҲɫȻ͵ţϷ֤ݣԼͬǰڡ
˵һ£ûҲԳʾƣЧһ
ȻõŵһЩ鱨ȴ˽ŻôһֵĹء
췽½ϣ޵ţڵĵͨ籨¼ɣгʾʲôƵġ
ʲôƣʲôĶ֪
һ䣬ȴʵλǰ֪ܲܽȥͨһ
ǵüͷһϵ߶ʱûƣκ˲ܽɣʹҲС
飬ͬ΢΢Щƣûа߲ء
ƽʱ⻰ʱͻˡڣŵӱһ·һͷˮĻа㷴ͷæ˵ܲͨһ£ҵһţûơ
˵ţóһҪݸӡ
ǣеĴյݵһ룬ͣ
óŵӣεɫ
ŵһŭǻ¸𣿡
ǸƣٶɵҲܿǻ¸ŵǱҲ޷˵һֻ֣ŬĴǼһ˿΢ЦλǰµһС˼롭
Цֻû˵ӦɷŭϢϡ
һֱ˵ӣɭȻһʱĻ
˵꣬ԭͻȻϬ罣ݺݵϡ
д󺧣æСʵλǰû޷ɽ
ǵһʵղ˵Ļ㻹û𣿡


212 ɽ
ʱȴһƢܸоԷ飬ֻõλǰҡ
Сľˣ˴µĺӣ֪αһ˵һ룬ĻӲ˵
ǵЦһȻûƺͻȥɣ
ʱһӰ˲ɽǰ
Ͽһ˿վȥһںϵĸо
ԷͲʮ꣬һɫĵۣؿһ֡
ͬӵϵͬȴһߡ
һ˺Ϊѵ
תһ룬־ò񣬱Ͼ紫ţ൱ᣬᵽһ㲻ȥĵزΪ˵ֻжʮҡ
ʮ꣬͵޵ߣ໹һ㣬ɶԷȻﵽ˳ڡ
ÿ뵽ԷΪͷһƬѣΣֲʵĸо
֮ŵĵ̹񣬡ϣ
ֻϣ诺
ŮӣӣȻһλϡ
Էĳƺ󣬰ˣǸˣ˵Ҳﵽ˳ڡ
ӵ˵ͷһɨʵ˭
ɫɫޱϲƽ˲²ʲô
ⱻôһֻ׹ѣȫԺ
ʻһֱ˵ĵæػشħڵĵӣ
ħڶЩ˵̫Ϥߺƹһ֪ħڵȴףΪʱħܻǰһ£˵ͬɽ
ߵʱԸǰЩɣڻ׳֣һŭǣ߶һʣµɱض羪֮⡣Ȼгɵʵڸȶʱ򲢲ʺͬƴ
ڶħڵ𾴣˵˵ħڼӣûмУ⣬һ·ɽȥ
ͨɽĽϣǿߵߣûаȫУǻҪ֣΢Ĳšˣ˼ԷɽʲôǲǴһεĵطɱ
˿̣ûиʱּˣЩڣ
ڣ紫ޱȣһеľۣȴãں̶Ѩ
Ǻƣ̶Ѩ
ߵϣ΢ĽŲһ·ԽǽӽɽԽǽš
ŲΪֻƵԽԽ졣
ǧݣߵ˾ͷⳤһıѾΪŶʪȴȻ
ݣǰһ޴Ĺ㳡㳡ʵ̫ˡ
Ŀһ£һϡ
ôĹ㳡ħȴûеģڵȻˣȫ㳡ϡ
ھʲôôĹ㳡ѵŵеĵӶ
룬òֿܣϾ̲˲ɣȴûɹ⡣
˵гʯɵȵط
㳡ͷһţͬһ̨ס
ߵϣʱǰһĻˡ
̵ĺҶӭƮ߲ʵĺɻʢɢEFζ
΢紵峺ĺˮУһȺ̬ϺϷ
˳棬ʹΪħ֮˵⣬Ҳıˡ
ʵ̫ˣĺ˼ɾ
һ·һ·ţǰʱ򣬻δĸо
ǰһΰ׳۵Ĵǰ΢΢һ㶡
Ǵڷһ޴ĵ񣬵·ǵһ㣬Ϭ񣬿һۣͺ׵һ
ǱˣŵĴʼˡ롣
ѣΣ
ʱͻȻһ䡣
⻹ûзӦʶ˵ãܺã
΢΢һЦһߵڣ߰ɣԶĿˣ˵ɣ
ߵڣ΢ŵĳº󣬵ǰһӱ˽ֶϣʲôԸ𣿡
һ£ȥڵĲҶһ
ǣ
ǵӦһתȥ
ʧڵſŵӣüͷһ˼ӡ
ԭܼ򵥣޵طԸԵķ׶һ˽⣬ΨûҶʲô
ɣдˣһ㶼ˮƣֱóû˵˺ȲҶķס
ѵſңΪҵ̫͵ĶдңұϾħڡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣˣȻҲħӡ
뵽һŭҲηԷΪʵǰǺ⣿
΢΢һЦЦô޺֪ˡ
ʵҶⶫ޵߸ûеģʹ˼Ҳ޷
˼ûвǲ֪
ǰϲͲҶɱ֮صɺܻһá
֮ɽⷢһҶɽ壬ҶͬǰĹƬһ㡣ˣڲҶϻӦһ˿һֶʱ˼ȤǰķʽһЩҶ
ǣȴǲпģȻѲҶˣȴʧˡ
ܰѲҶãֲʧԣãضΪ
뷨㿪ʼʶ򣬵һһʧˡ
գ뱧Կ̬ȣþ𷭳ҶʼûúãǲҶһӴȵĻ棬ʱΪҽǰ֮ȴС࣬ѾΪһСؿҶ
вͨȷʵϡ
벻Ū˲Ҷеûм٣ˣл̺һ˿Ҳ˵ǻԵĵô˲裬Ժϵ°빦Ч
ⷭҶķҪ̫ѣ̫޷
ǣһַרŷҶõķȡΪ¯
¯ƳԺ¯ڷһЩ𣬵һɺֻҪƲ¯ܷҶôһҶٶ࣬ҵͽ׵ĵҲշ
ӵУרѡʮӳǻƾ̵ժȡҶҶҶԼԲҶĺûࡣҲ붼û뵽Ժں䶯޵һϵˣǱǲ
ĻⱾȥͻȻŵһӵ⴫
֮£תͷȥȴղųȥǵӶһ˽
ڣƱһıӣľƺȷʵ˵ˮˮֻǱˮСԲⱭӣ޵ƵķҲǷɽϵĺƳһ
űӣһڴӣҶǺˡ
ǰ
ʵⱭʲôƶɡɻѵⱭ˼õĴʵĴȻҲд޵ߣֱϷĸоõķȻд߸ϵ޵ߡ
ûлش𣬵ǵӰһˮͱӷǰһһ󣬲һò裬ӦóһηѿҶɵİɣζϵˣǼһֱоɣ
裬ͬǰĹƬ֮ͬͬȥѿҶƬ
ϣǳһηѿҶ
ǵӻش󣬱ߵǰ
ͷĵ˵һ䣬ǿͺ
µĲⱭõͨĴ
󻺻˵
󣬵һ㶣ǿеŭ𣬰ãҵҪƴŪû
ˮϣ⿴ǱƮżƬɫҶסˡ
һӣȻվŭڣǲҪ̫


213 
ⲻɵӣȻܿⲢʲôƼ𣬸ҶݳĶ
յǣԷĶŪԼ޵Ĵá
ѺαضŭûкȹȲˮô֪Ǻöأ
΢΢һЦһڲˮŻصһڣϸƷζеĸоضһζ
˵϶ʱ¶һɫ
Է΢΢Ժϵ˫ۣ룬һ£漴ңǾͿⶫǷ˵á
һ£ϵĲˮһ
ˮ¶ǣһɵ⣬Ⲣδоʲôͬ
ֻĻⶫҪ֪˼軨裬Ҫˬࡣ
뵽ǹɸոѹƵŭٴηŭŭǰ˵ıһζ𣿡
ôûо𣿡
Цʵ
ǸûвͬԷƫҪûио
ĸо˵޷һ̡
ͺһ˿һҪģԷ޷ģȴƫҪʣǣжǮ
Ȼ¶ԷţԷ֣Ͼħڵĵӡ
Ȼǿ󣬺֮㣬ŸҶħڵĵӶ֡
ڶģĶԷҳɱ
ǰ̸ûҪˡ

̾Ϣһǲˮ֮ѡԷȻһںꡣ⻹㣬ȻûƷеζ
çȷʵʺϺȲ衣
ѣ⻰ʲô˼
ԷԴ˼ʱ
ȻǺ֮㣬ڵҲнǧ꣬ΣҲһڵӿԺġ˵ҲҪˣ޵ߣ̬Ⱥ˵磬һǿߣ¼˶ԴԷ㣬˼ӡ
ɱ⣬ȻͬħƴΪɱһ޵ߣԷԴΪɣɱȻԷ޵ɣԴΪǰɱҲǶ˵¡
Ȼڽƴ˶Է
һΪħڵʹߣǴŶڵãȻҺ⡣
ɫ΢΢һҲ𣿡
Цˬ⣬Դһ˿֮⣬ûʲôر֮
ղţŸо¶ǵĲˮ̺˿˿Ȼ࣬һЩͨҪõöࡣʹˣҲΪˮʲôö
ܺãһòˣ޷Ƕţ١
Цһ漴վߵǰղŵĻţǸ
ЦˣԷԼȴԼǸŵĵ
ǰ̫
ŭһһٵ˵
ûлش𣬱Ŵ̾ϢһΪѹ㣿
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꣬һ£Ҳᱻʦ͵Ϯȥ
£۾һ̾Ϣ
ɴ۾֪ǰųϾʲôһ̾Ϣһۡ
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⿴һ۴⣬Ҫ߹ȥ
ʱͻȻ۾һѵ𣿡
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ֻҪˣο޵ߡ
ˣղŵһкǧǰʲô
ЦһȻ˵ʲô㡣
⻰һæ˵ˣҿħڵĵӣϣѵ㲻ħڵĵǰ𣿡
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˵꣬ȥ
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ǣ⻹ûʩչ뿪ǰ׹ԭڴǰĵ˽
һˣǶ˲赹ˮĵӡ
ʱ򣬲δɢʶӦ˵Ϊ˿һӦɫʱֽһ԰ס
ԷΪȻ𵤺ڡ
ɫ䣬ֻн𵤴ڵΪԷȻн𵤺ڵʵ
ȷʵ̬ɶõͽ׵ػɽţ߽׵
ţΪػĵӶǸ߽ףѵͽ׵Ķɡ
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ȷеһ˵ûеӣɽУӰûС
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˽ڵӽȥ֮󣬲δ֣ѣ߰ɣ
΢΢һ㶣ʵߣȥģ
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ԥһ£⻹ǿȥ
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أתȥ˼ţÿɵĴ󣬶һɽɽϷڵ䱦ؼΧûˣȥ͵ǡ
ͷһ֣ˣؼĵطûеӿأûҲһֻнΪܹġֻ벻ףղҪԼ֣Ϊڹؼʱ̣Է޵ȴأ
ѵǲɱң
ͻȻðôһ뷨ʱҶ룬æʩչҪƿշȥ
ǣշʮףоһӴѹ⧲£ʱ׹ȥ
ȻķȴǺµĺ
ͨһںˮУȫʪ͸
æһ߶ϵ·ɲҷɸˣӰһںϡ˿̣Ǿ֮ɫžõʲô󷨣Ȼ𵽽յá
գ˼壬޷УֻҪΪûи󷨵ƣʩչʲôɲһĸ߶ȡ
ˣȻܷɣ߻ȥɣ
̾Ϣһŵһͷȥ
Ȼ֪ŵĵʲôԿ϶ǳϲ֣Ͼһǿߣһ޵ߣһʹݵ˳֣ȥʵ֪Է֣ҲͬΪĵӣ˵ղͻȻȥڣĪ뿪ӡ
һ߹ţڹ㳡ϡ
ſһ˵Ĺ㳡ź紵ⲻһ
Է֣Ӧûѡ
ÿһĸӦΧټĹ㳡ߵͷʱѾʪ
ÿһ쳣ļѣıʱ촦
ߵ㳡ԵͨɽµĽݣüͷѵǷȥˣ
ô룬ȴûӣһɽȥ
ԭʩչ֪ŴڣʹʩչϸУҲ޷뿪
Ҫȥֻǿ취һţһǿƳ
ڴǲѰ˵һΪ޵ߣʹڳˣֹҲʱһ˵ܹƳġĲ˵͸ղһ´½ûһǿڴ˵еĴڡ
ȷʵд˵еĴڣмоǱˡʵҲԵɺϵ²򵽵ǿ󷨣ɱں뿴еؼоһԽõĵá
ĵȻһת󷨵޵µģȻдĲϸҲд˹ؼĲ֡
ĵȡ˽ȻԳΪԪӤϵ޵áҲ˵ֹֻܽԪӤһµ޵ߣԪӤȴûκãԪӤڵ޵ߣһΪĴڣԽֹƬʱ䣬ֱľŻ¡
ԪӤ޵Ͼаʮö鵤һֱʩչ
ߣֵ½ݣĽݣۿҪꡣ
أ׹һԱߵӰŵӳǰ
ˣĻ֣Ǻˡ
˳ֺ󣬶˵Լǵķ


214 Ѱ
ұ
һɽϣűһïľɽС
ɽⲼõ󷨣ɵĴ򿪣ȥɽڡ
븸ĸϢ֮أһǰѾʱˡ
꣬˵Ҳ˵Ҳ̡
겻£ڵָѾͳɻˡ
ǵĺӣҲˣĺ׺ĸˡ
ĸûҲͬܿˡ
ȻˣҲĲ
ǰĸںٵʱȥˣһʱͬݡ
̾ϢһԱߵɽժһ仨ͷϣִԱһЩȵ档һֱվߣһδһޣоĸ飬Ҳ֪ΪζһĹ˵ľɥ
뱳ű诣ͻȻڵְɣ
Ӧһ£ûлش𣬻˵˿̲֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
Ĭ޷õı﷽ʽ
̧ͷտЦһЩ£Щˣȴˣ˵飬ն˿һ֣նϵˣ
˵˶٣ֽ˵һϷϲŭ֣ʲô˼
Щ£ȴ޷⡣
Ϊֻһֻޡ
˶һʵĸо⣬δᵽҲûʲô飬ʲô
հӹٴ̾ϢһԱ诵߰ɣ
֪һߣʲôʱܻ
΢΢һ㶣Ϊһᣬǵھ𣿡
ͷţȥҿ
ϣˣɽһؼҿ
Ƭ̺ҵĴׯҴ塣
ǰ쳣ʣʹóҴе˱硣
ڼ䣬ȻҲвٴưӣӵȴ֮١
һ·æµԼ飬պ͸ĸһͬǰΣ˷ǵĸо
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ڵİ裬ͬǰ뿪ʱûʲôֻΰϣźĻҳ
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̾ϢãŻ߳䣬Ա诵߰ɣ
벢ûм뿪ų׵ķĹǰڰûҲûǰϷأͷϳӲݡԱһЩʵĳȵڷͷϣһѰĺˡ
һкű诣һ·ɽ
ɽɽȿڣŵӵȺ
еĵˢһͬʱϥڵϣμ
ͷʾеվʵʲô𣿡
һǰһֵͳ컹ɽѲ飬񡭡
üͷһ˵ȥ
ǵӵûзмֵ鱨
Ȼ֪Ժ뻹Щʧһδʧ󣬱ľ
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Ҫİߣ޵У޷Ǳȷѡ
̾Ϣһֵ
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ǵӦһתɽڶȥ
Ƭ̺켸ӿ񣬼ڰ֣⼸һֱɽѰңҵִּʯͷϰö
˵ţӴóһʯͷݸ롣
һ֣еʯ𣬶֮⣬ʲô𣿡
ҡͷ֮ûջˡ
۾òеӶɣڳѰңʲôϢǵ֪ͨϡ
˵꣬ʲôһ䣬бӣҪ䶯֣Ҳϣκʧ
һжм֪ô죡
źһЩ㵽ű뿪ɽ
ĿĵշУ֪Ǹ
Ҳ֪ô죬ΪѾﵽ˳ڡ漴ͻƣֻʵ̫æûʱ˿̣һʱ򣬾ǼȥѰҳգеķʵ̫ˣ׼Ѱȥ
飬·һᣬⲻҲͻơ
ǷõҩǿͻƣĻ򣬾ࡣ
֮ͱһСɽׯϣ֮ôһ۵ĵطΪڴׯмĿյϣһ޴ĵ񣬶֮˵òϤˣѰĳ
տʱȫѪҺˡȱ请Ӱһڴׯĵԡ
˿̣ׯĴæµŸԵ飬һˣȫе飬ڵϣĤݣзͣ˵ţɣ֮Ļ
ʶһɨֲûһ˾Ҳû޵ߣǵĴ峤˭
ȺУһԼʮͻȻ̧ͷ룬Ϸ峤ʣɴˡ
ͷָǵʵ˭ǿʶ
æشǰǰһߣеľҪȥʱһòŮӣŮ֮ʩչϵߣȻ뿪ˣŮ֣ǲ֪
Ѿ˴𰸣߿еŮӦþǳˣɳΪʲôҪأʶٴɢӦԲ׶ûɽҲûŨĵط뿪ֻԭһѰ֮أȥԼ
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̾Ϣһ˵ʱҲߡ
诿Ϊ΢΢һΪϵŮ˵ĻŮʵ̫ˣϢ
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ʶɢӦΧһУڣ뷢֮⣬һСɣǵߣȥ￴ɣ
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ǴͬľͣĿͷ૵˵ɴߺá
֮⣬뷢ֵɣǳһɣ𵱳ŻҪСࡣΪߵˣҲңԪӤϵǿߣһҲûСڵĵҲٵľˣֻǧ˲
һֵ֣Ϊš
ֻȥضһŮӵɣʵˣڵŮֻмˡ
ԭ֣˵ǰһòɵŮӣŮû죬ΪֺŮӣɸ֣еԭȴû֪˻ǲ³һЩߡ
һΣڴڴڵԥ֮ɫ
൱ֻͣжʮӣüĿòʮֿ㣬֮֮߳ʩչһƫƧɽȥƬ̱ɽϣ漴һ
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·֮Ϊˣһ֪˭
Ѱõİˡ


215 
ǿ΢΢һЦߵǼرŷľǰʦãôҽȥ
Ů΢΢Щʦ֣㲻ǴӦңԸ⣬ǿʲô𣿡
ǿһЦˬ˵Ҳǿʲôֻ㣬㲻ѰһϢˡ
ҵˣ
Ů֮ò
ǿҡҡͷشûУֻ޵ﴫһΪߣ롣
ţ췽½ϣȻ˵˲֪˲е޵߶֪һЩ
ǿҲǰʱõϢģʱ˵һŶ̵ʱ䣬ɾȻǵǰʱ䣬ȥһΣھȻˡ
Ȼ𾪣𾪵Ļں棬˵ɱɵֻˡ
Ϣǿ֣ܹɵ޵ߣضǳڵǿߣ췽½ǿָŶû˵ĸϹɽǣǿд󣬲֪һһŮҶǳڵΪ
ǿ֪һ˽ʱ򣬸һ㶡
ΪǰУһæѰһˡ
ǿֹһȥյõôһ޵ߡ
ǰʱǿȥţΪ£ҵ֪ǸѾһִȥõϢϲѣæ˳˵ʲôҲţҪԼȥһΣȴǿ
Ϊǿڴʱ򣬴ӻңĻп顣
ʱ򣬷ŴˣһŮ˳
һɫ··ٺϻòǰҪ֮䶼һԵ
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Цˣ漴ʦ֣ҳȥǸ𣿡
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ǿһӣûǿȹʲôһֱڵȡ
ҲǿһŵϢˣͼ޸ǿ
֮⣬һҪ鱬ܲŻǿΪ¡
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ܰĽΪΪԸ⸶һС
Ȿһˣֻϧ˵ȴűˡ
鲻ǿֻˮɣܸܵҸζ
صľڣ򵥵ʰһ¶ǿ뿪ɽȡ
ͬʱͳҲš
һ֣ûг䣬һֱȥ
Ƭ̺󣬻ڴһŵӶ˳
ǵͲʮ꣬һɫ·ΪֻйڣᣬΪԷΪҲǺܸߣʶӦžȵķ֣Ȼ޷ӦԷΪ֪ǿˣæֵλǰ֪Ǻ£
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սȥɣҪƿշȥȴӰ
ӶԷʩչٶӦǽڵ޵ˡ
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âɢȥ¶˵ò뵱
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诿ǰŮͬʱ¶쳣ɫ뷨ȷ֡
˳ճյĿŶԷʱǿͻȻʦãôˣ
˵ţҪȥļ
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ͬʱһ
ǿֻ嶼ʪˣӦǹɿֲϢ֪ԷΪʲô
һߣǿԳ𣿡
ʶĵͷ˫Уһ룬Һ㡣
˵꣬ǿȵУȻ˵ĻĿţ·ҪЩĵģЩǣңЩ˼ȫ޳


216 
˳νǼģͬ顣
Ҳû뵽ͳ֮İѾﵽ̶ֳȣݰΩһ
ǿ᲻˭룿
ųĺ󱳣ûǿĻʵЩĻ𣿡
ͷʵҹĺܺãأ
΢΢һЦҲܺá
ͻȻʲôæʵ룬紫Ǹ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ͷҡ
ЩţʶɢӦɲΪ󣬶ʱɴ۾ȵ㣬㡭
Цһ³Сӣ˵Ҹطϸĺ˵˵
ͷ֪ǿ֪Ƕǿʦ֣ҺȻɽˡ
ǿʱĸ˵˲֣˫æ˵ãǻȥɣ
ҿ϶ֻҪ˵һ֣ԥĶ֣ղŶԷͷŵϢ̫ˣԼǰͺһֻϣʱᱻԷ
뱧Ա诵㡭
֪Ҫ˵ʲôһ˵룬ȻҵˣȻˡ
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ɽڣ˴һµʱ򣬾Ҫ뿪ɽʱһֻ弶ޡ
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һǰСʯͷÿһ涼һ롱֡
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֪ʩչʵġѰҳôʱ䣬һֱε״̬ܺĿһЦˣյƣҲ֮һɨա
ɴ۾ţĴﵽ˳ڣ
΢΢һЦԪӤϰ׹һ˵һȦļϣԳô㲻š
ȷʵţżʱ䣬Ȼﵽ˳ڣ벻ġ
ţʱȻк̫ܶ࣬ŵٶȣҲ޷쵽ֵز
һ룬ģ
صЦЦܡ
һ㶣ļһ£ݺݵʵǲܣ
ԪӤ뿪壬оʹװһʹӣˣ˵
ţλҩģƵҩ򵥵˵һ顣˵ָ꣬߳԰Ϊߵڡ
ԺһϲЩŵ˵֮ڴﵽڣ
Ҫ֪ѭ򽥽ʹӵеҩƿҲͻơ֪ӵ켶ҩ鵤
ԪӤһصڣסԡ
Գʣ֪Ҫҵ˳˵ʲôҲ뿪ԼԺȥﶼҪ
벻ҪжٸΪȴҪԱ
ʱҴҶȥл
һ죬յգϿգӴһɾ˵ѹ¡
ڵĵ޲ֻţĿųڵǸɽȡ
УΪȵĻǿڣɽڲֹһη㼯
ǿΪţ᲻֪ʲôͻΪǰס
ǣͻΪҲô졣
꣬ʱ䣬ͻΣӽڵԪӤڣڸǴﵽ˳ڡ
ǿ뵽Ѫĳ嶯ʹ鵤ҩҲôͻưɣ
ǣ뾹Ȼˣ治֪ʲô취
ԼΪ̬óΪ˱̬
ǿһ嶯аΪʦĳ嶯
һɽȵķ򣬵֮ǿһҧ˹ȥ


217 
ɽڣڳͻԪӤڣﵽڣ˴
ЩǻɽУһЩֲգʻΪʻʢǧʻͬʱʢͬʱţһֺε׳۵ĳ档ͬʻɢŲͬζƮ
Ŵ򿪣΢ߵǰ
˿̣òûʲô仯һرƣ˲ȥ
߹󣬾࣬еĴһ˵϶Ϊ
ſ˫ۣѳڻĶͷ
Сèһ㣬ϣ룬ôô൤ҩ
۾Ц˵ЩҩеõȻƳ
⻰΢΢һ㶣漴ʵ룬ЩҩһƳ𣿡
֪ҪƵҩ뾫ͨҩԽǸ߽׵ĵҩԽƣõĳ鵤Կ϶ûʦҩƲ
Ƶҩһܷ飬ûжĽ
һֱоҩƵҩš
벻Ϊﵽһ̬ľ磬ҩȻҲʦ
뵽̲סʵ룬ģ
΢΢һЦų㷢˵ʱ䳤ˣȻͻˡ
һۣŵ˵ȥ
˵ּ꣬һ䣬ȥҾȥġ
ʱ䣬ɽȿʱ仹вһµʱ䣬ǵȥɽȥ
һʱ˷쳣ӶСȭͷðҲҪһȥ
쳣һΨ²ҵӡ
ΪĿ˳һۣôҲȥ
Ϊͬ⣬û뵽ȻϣӦˡ
ͷǰǰΪ̫۸òΪˣﵽ˳ڣ˵ʲôҲҪȥ档
˵ʱ򣬹ѼһȥɽһȻ顣
΢΢һЦѳĸˣãҴȥ
˿̣ɽ⣬ͻȻһ⡣
һǰʶ뵽У漴Цˡ
Ǹʦˡ
ʶһתʧ
΢΢һ㶣ʵǿʦ֣ʲô
صһЦ˾֪ˡ
ʵѾ֪ǿ⣬ֻû˵ˡ
Ƭ̺ɽ󷨴򿪣ǿ˽
ͳæһ漴ӦΪɲȷ˸ղŵ뷨
ǰ
ǿ֮æ˵֪ܲΪӡ
󣬵ϵıǳϿҡ
ɫȻޱϲҲյӡ
ǿһ˵ȴ˵ȻӣҿԸһЩҩڡ
⻰ǿһϲŵʵǰ˵Ķ𣿡
ʶһƿҩǰӸǿ棬һƿǽԪһƿԪӤʮöܴܲﵽڣͿ컯ˡ
ȻԷ˳һ˵ʲôҲҪԷ
ǿסƿҩعڵϣллǰ
Ｄ쳣޵ĵҩԷȻһóƿһ˾ǵõƿҩĺ£ʮΰ˴Ρ
ǿվѾ뿪ˣǿ̾Ϣһ૵Ҳֻǰϳʦðɣ
ϣһ߷ȥ
ɽȡ
λڹڣ֮ԱΪɽȣΪʮǰһս
˵սʱ˺ܶˣΪĳһ
Ǵδսû֪˶ãҲû֪ʲôʱ
սƬɽΪһɽȣɽڴݲ޵ߺͳǿߵʬ洦ɼɽÿʮ꿪һΧ󷨻Զ⿪е޵߶ܽȥɽޱȣһС
ԪӤµ޵ߣνǾһԪӤϵҲȥĿܡ
ʹˣÿɽȿʱ췽½е޵߶ӵȥ
Щ˵Ŀĺܼ򵥣ϣܴɽڵõһЩҩؼֻǿʵν޵ʹõķ˼䶥׵ķҲ˰֡
˼õķǾ𣬵ķһ⣬켶
˵ķ˽Ҳܱ켶ķеļʣ޽ӽ㡣
ܴɽ˳˺٣˳޵ߣǷëǡ
һգˬ뱧ų
Ǹԭش֮洦ɼľ٣ֻгʮ֮һ
ϡٵĵط޵ҲٵĿȥ󣬱ص޵ֻ޵ߣأǴŲͬʽĵۣؿɵı־ȻҲвɢǰǵΪǺܸߡ
ʩչĶľˣֻһɵ֮⡣
ϵ޵ߣһĻ޲¶ݵɫǿߣÿ˵롣
ûгɣɣڲӡ
ɣڳɡ
һ·յͼϵķҹǰУܿɽȸ
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ʶе޵ߣҽӽϢ
һƬڣɢʶɽڸӦȥϢûӦԶһ󷨣赲ʶ̽룬ʹʶʩչޣҲ޷֡̾ϢһɿеĳϢͿϢôˣ
һ·һֱ֮УϾ֮һҲѡ
غ󣬵ƤһЦȻˣҲ˭ӡ
Ļһ㶣Цˣţ֪ԡ
ţ
üͷʲô˼
һ嶯ŵĳƺ֮ƺһɫžӵ˼
ЩţʵƭҵİɣΪʲôû˵ƺ
Ҳǻأ
İ˵һ䣬ȴ˵ƺȥ½ʱؾ˵ĳƺ췽½ûС
鼱֮£ԼȥĴ½æϹһ
ͣǿˣҲﻰϼ˵ȥ룬ɽ𣿡
˵ţָԶɽƮŨϢ
ͷɽȲһ㡣
ָоձȥɽҪΣࡣ
ɽȵ˽Ĳֻ࣬ŵʱǿһΣʵ룬𣿡
֮ǣţǵΧ
΢΢һЦ֪뵽Χûк鷢һ£ɽȿмʱ䣬⼸Ǿ͵Χתתɣ
ð
ĻǱ飬޲ñһ¡
˸ʩչȥأһʶһɨţ㿴ʮһһ߳վ·ںһϿκΪһˡ
ֻҪ޵߶óһǿߣһϢǿߡ
޵Уֻгڵǿ߲ϢȻںһ
ȻͻȻֵߣһǿߡ
ؿϵı־֤ݡ
һͷΧһȦɫ·˱־ֻе㳣ʶ޵߶֪ĸɡ
ħڣ
뿴Էϵɱ־üͷһ


218 ħ
Ŀ䣬һɨӦֻнڵΪǿŵĵӣ
봩ŵĵۣ뿪ŵʱҲŵ·ʶֻҪ֪ŵ޵ߣ֪ŵı־
ǰʱ䣬űɱһ£ħѾ֪֪ϢħѣкսߣҪɷšȶһմͷǼʹ֣Ҳѡʱ
Ϊɽȼνȥɶ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊʮǰһ޵߻ųҵõһ޵֮߳Ϊ֮ڱﵽԪӤڣƾеνǳ֮޵Сվ˳ǿߣЩǿ̳ɽ׷ɱԷԷ·ƾʧһѶ
޵̫ӡɽȿ쵱½ϼеɶ˵ǰʹСɣҲ˼ǰܲܵõȥû
һΣħҲ˰ˣһǿߴӡ
ǰǿߣħģĺ޵ޱΪ֮ɫʹǿҲΪһѾķƵ
˵޴ʩչʱΪ֮ɫ˵һնϵơ
ͳʩչ˿ϢħĿǵΪΪֻͨĵӡ

ԵĻˬĳϵǶŵĵӡ
ħļ˺ηĿüͷһǲ𣿡
΢΢һЦشϣûж˲ɣȻʱʲôá
仰ν˵иɻħ󣬰ͷһɱħڵʹߣһŭ𣬵ܴҲܻ˵ܶʱĶǴˡ
һһѳǰ
ǳȫɫϵһɫƶ䣬ֱдС֡ơ
⵶֪ԷˣǵǰӦħĴħ֮һħħİɣ
ĴħȫǳΪжһķ˵ķȻȲħģҲúڻʯƶɡ
ħͫȻһ벻ϷŶ֪ڵĵλΪͰɣ
˵һ£ʵ֪һڵ޵ߣ֪᲻ܿġ
ЦЦǹ죬ëȻĸо
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ħļǰŮӣһӣΪΪղŵĻŭˣǵЦôɱң
һû˵ΪӵĴ˵
֮ôĿģףԷΪôš
ǰ
ʵźħڲûйڣΪҪնɱҶˣ
ħɫʱûйڣ㣬ħɳʹߣΪڣ
üͷһ漴ʵǰ⻰֤ݣ
ͬʱɻѵԷ˵Ķģ
ħĻش֤ݣ
ȷʵû֤ݣҿ϶һŶֽţǵȥź󣬱ûлѵ𣿡
һȻû֤ݣǻлأƲѣһôȻˣΪȻҪƲо֣ǹֵǰ˵ƾǶҪ֤ݣû֤ݣ𣿡
ħ΢΢һ㶣Լɵĵӱɱˣôԩ˶ԷһҲż׼ǰˣ㣬ʲôŽ֤ݣ
ۿ

ħЦһȻûۿ
벻ȶԷ˵꣬˵ȻûۿǾͲš
ţʹħڵ˳֣Ҳʲôѱ
ԷͻȻĻħǸŭСӣħڵ£𣿡
ûǸ˼
һ£˵ħ֮ˣףɴɱҲŹǲǣ
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˵⻰ħûע⵽üͷͻȻһ壬һ⡣
ЦˣǹճһħƵЦݣǰ𣿡
˱ħ󣬲һ㶣ô㻳Ϸ
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ڣ̲סˣŭħģͷٿңҰ۾ڳ
ħû˵ˣһ㶣Ѿͷ㲻Ư˵ҲͦȤ¯һе᲻á
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һ߲ʵСǰһٺϣһõ壬һǾޱ
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ƳԺ󣬳ȥһ߲֡
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ħûĻһգգĿųķ߲ɫ΢΢һ䣬ļʶῴⷨúεȿʯƳˣԿ϶һѾķַϣķƵҪࡣ
ӵ䣬ƳķȻʹͬһֲϣƳķҲȱ˸߳ࡣ
췽½ϣķָħǿļƽѾͷ㷨ȷʵǸҰɣ
һ٣һӴħɢǰγһ޴ƣ߲ץȥ
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һĻħһЦһʲôСѾͷֻнڵΪҲȷ԰ڣ治֪
뵽ʲôеԭί
˵ŵƴ֣սɵʱ򣬾óǧöҩͷ
ħİţСѾͷƯ϶йϵ򲻿ӵķֻǲ֪ɱ᲻ɱħڡ
뵽ħʩչĵڿ΢΢һͣյֵסջ󣬺ɫڿһ٣еķץȥֻкڹһмǶ߲㱻ɫץס
ħĸƻȴȵķ֣Ʒ·ץסһɽҲ޷ƶ֡
۾ħΪԼˣﲻɻûǽΪΪοƵķδѵǷӵ𣿡
ߣ̫һֻ޷ץء
ħ׼ʱˣͷôҵķ㲻֣ҿҪˡ
ħıôһ˵ʱͨ죬һִһֱƵϡǰƵȻ죬תָħѾˣǷʲôŹ֣Ҫɱǰˣɱûȥٺоһ¡
ͲţԼڵΪ㲻һķ
ħôûȴûûõ߲


219 а
Ƶ磬Ϻڹһǰն¡
һǰ߲ȻŴ󣬵ǰ
ֻһƵն߲֮ϣӴĳס
һ
ħĴΪȣȻ࣬ԷϾֻнڵΪţһֻнΪˣԷǿֵסĹȻܣֻһԷ˿ϢĵΪˡ
뵽ħĵһһգգڳϣ㲻ǽڵ޵ߣ
ƤһЦʵǰΪʲôô˵
ħ󣬶ʱֱϷˣĸоͻȻʲô룬
ûлشȻ΢ЦĿħġ
ħѣԥɫȻܿ϶ǰӾ룬ȴкܴİաǰħĲδ˵ǰȻŵĵӣпǶԷ
紫ţʱܻһŮӡ
ղû뵽˿һ룬ʱһ亹
˵Ϊرе޵߲
ħİԼûϢԼҲǳ޵ߣʹԷΪҲŶԷɱԼͱ޵߲һϾӵоķʹԷȫ֣ƾ跨ǿѶԷ׷ɱ
뵽ħһȻǰΪβϡ
һΣ˵Գʹһóֵ񣬵ħģźǷгޣҸоⶼᣬ˵𣿡
ɢһӴƣ˲ħĵϣħжԥĳ֡
Ϣħıѵ뷨׵Ĵֻõ˵Ĳһȥúõһ
ĵ˵ͷϣѺ飬Ūʲô
⻰飬Χֲ·һԼпήļ
һĻԭħģøӾˣмˣ뾿ʲôȻĵΧȻںһˣγȻ֮ѵľϵҲһľ𣿡
νһ޵߲εľ磬Ҳӽһ֡
˴ȻأʲôܶõòʩչǿľϵھŴȻȻ֮ľϵ٣ǼһĴڣʶ޵߻ϵ
ħ૵ˣ˴һ־ǿķȻ޵УôһǿߣǲǵĺãȥͬǼϼһ˵˵òҪŵע⣬֮֡
ôţħϱ˵һᣬҿ
΢΢һЦЦԴа񣬡ȷһᣬ½ȥɽѶ
⻰һ֪ܼ٣ħȴںԽԶԽǰȫȻˣϷиˡ
빰ֵѣߺá
ħĻΪһߺ󣬳ΪĿһۣ룬ⲻԸ񡣡
뷴ʵβҵԸأ
붼û룬˵Ը񣬱㣬ֻҪʵԥĳ֣Ǹղš
ڰ֣˵ղŲҲ֣ǲܳ֡
΢΢һ㶣ʵΪβܳ֡
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һ£һʵĿҲ֪һţڵӽˣǽɱǸϼһħһ׷
ħΪ췽½󳬼֮һڵϣĶ£ȻսʤԷҲҪʧء
̾Ϣһħһʹûʲôˣǻ᲻һų֡
΢΢Щʧͬѵղŵ¾ôˡ
ҡҡͷȭͷôġ
뻰е˼æʵ׼ô죿
ܼ򵥡
кһղŲ֣ΪΧгǿעǣɱħģħںܿͻõϢɽ֮ÿ˶Թ˲ϾʱֵĻ
Ļû˵ĳܿеԵɣ΢΢һЦߵǰ룬ǸϼһﲻʲôöҿܲˬɽУֵʱ򣬼ǵʩչµ
谮ĶԳЦЦͷһʹ졣
໥һۡͬʱ¶һ΢Ц
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ͻԽԽ࣬ԽԽҡ
ʱ򣬺ܶ鲻˵˵ܽˣգ˫
Ȼܽе⣬󲿷⻹ǿԽģʱǿ߶ˡ
ûвε̵ᣬһƫڵڣһ󷨣ͬУȴŴ
ֹգպһڣͻȻƴ
뱾飬Ϊƴÿ춼ڷ
һΣ벻ʲУΪеһˣʶͬһͬɽУ뿪ı
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˿̣Χ޵ߣȫԪӤڵǿߣ˴Ÿɫĵۣûɱ־ɴ˿ɼ˶ɢޡ
˵Ͷʮңȫһɫǵӡ
һߣٲȻеϴֶԱСѾͷϷˣҵºòá
˱ʶ췽½ϼΪǱаϡ
аϼΪɫֶһЩɫŮӣ˵˫ޣʵ붼Ϊ¯еŮߣʤǴǴɣֻЩɢ֣ȻЩɶҲһֻ۱һֻۡ
ղ˵ˣеϴֺ˵껰֮һֱűͿ
ֺˣҲһɫԵӣֻ±֮һͬܡ
ԷĻһ˿ЦӣҪ£
һ壬ɫĿˡ
ֺĻٺһЦСѾͷҵͿȻе󣬵ҵǿֻҪңɡ
ЦЦˣҲͬЦ
һģܼʮͲˡ
ֺɫһ䣬ȴûзŭŭЦܼܲʮ룬¾֪ˡ
һ֣һˣࡣΣѱУˣǷֹʩչʱ뿪Զ˷
˵ķͬһζ
ֺķһЩһŮõľӡȴЩˣһŮӴĺ첼һȴǺڿ㡣
ķ֣һƣ治֪Էôóֵġ
ƵӣֺһЦΪܣΪٵĵСѾͷǵķɣ
˵һ£ֽ˵ϲҿ͸㣬ŮϲĶǣֻҪ˵óҶԸ㡣
һЦȴʵǲҪʲô㶼
ֺظһûӣֻҪ˵ĳҶԸ㡣
Ǻá
˵ͷһתҪǵǸ


220 Ҫ
ɫͬʱһ䣬ֺСѾͷ̫֣ŭǣץ֮󣬰¯Ԫãȡ
󣬲ûһ˿µı飬ЦͷǱôİɣ
ֺһ죬ȷʵ汻˽ҴǾЩѿЦСѾͷ㵽״Ӳǣ
ǲأ
Ŀˣһ׼ֵӡ
ֺЦһɭȻȻ㲻ӣˡ
ʹ˸ɫʾǳ֡
ͬʱһǰķһҫ۵ĺ⣬Ҫȥ
ʱһӴ˲Ŷǵϣһĸо˲䲼ȫɫ쳣ѿʹɵҲ֪ǿֺ֣߳ѹסĿ־壬λǰڸΪֹǣ
УһƮ֮ΪʲôֻҪǵ
͸ǣһ˿ɫʣһ
ֺüͷûеĵʲôǰŮӣҲǵĸڵˣһɢޡɢȻҲвѣһ֪˵ź󣬶ֹʣϾаϲһǵѡ
ֺһǰǿаϣǵʦħڵħ곤ϣǣǺħԡ
ûֺ˵꣬ͻȻϵǲӦýаϣӦýϲŶԡ
ֺɫֱ䣬ﲻŭΪߣ޷ֻõǰѵħΪ𣿡
ħڣʹĴ󳬼ɵǿȫҲ
˵룬ƽְ࣬ʹɱĲǱһʶŮӣҲ֡ѹа޼ɵڴ½ϺУԭħڳħĳϣҲõаϲٺô
˵Ѿ֣ʹħڵħˣҲһһɱ
ųɱһ࣬ʹ޵߿Ҳ˵ʲô
ϾУİӦˡ
ֺĻЩˣæʵǰǸ£޷ڵ裬ʱȥȻǰȡҵȵˣȻҲĿǺɱǵġ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽аϻЩȣͷȻ˵ĻмֻԱߵڣһƾճֺ˵ǰԺ󣬱˵룬ǿˡ
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ߣħĴ֮һħꡣ
ħ̾Ϣһ֮ʶƺ֮аһԺҪҺʵŮ¯ˣۿ˹ؼʱ䣬û¯޷ͻƣʵڲУͰǸѪѾͷ˰ɣ
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ħȥǸŮӸҴ
ԥһ£֪ʦҪʲôæѵʦħʦ岻ڣѾȥɽˡ
һʶˣǰ֮ǰǮҸۡڣ˺ǵħӡ
ħ΢΢һ㶣ʵħʦʲôʱȥģ
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û˵꣬ϵ㵽״򿪻ǲ򿪣
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221 ħ
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ɽΧٽԭŨ֮øŨˡ
ڵУԱȥ𣿡
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΢΢һЦĶ֪ûУ֪ʮգһͻС
⻰ʵ뱾Ϊ󣬻ǰȥͷ
ȴ뷨ྶͥûдͷ˷ܵ˵ԽյĵطԽб
Σ֪Ȱ˵ȥҲ޼£߰ɣɽϾҪˡ
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ħվм䣬ߵˣźɫĵۣһһħɷڵĳϣɷһȻҲħˣֻһɣŵĳϡ
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ħһЦû֮ǰɷһˬسϣ˿̣˵ʲôҲܳϣǵɷȻһʹǰȥŵ;ȥܿ϶µ֡
˵ʱ򣬹ưѡǰ;С֣
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ħĵȻŪȴŪ̾ϢһɷѾɽˣҺһΣ˲տΪǴﵽһľ磬ҿ²ҪżǵǱŪɣ
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ħ֪ɷƢãҲû뵽ڵǰ˵־Ͷ֣æסɷϵܣ嶯
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ħɫҲһһףǰħ֮ȻҲĦûײѹסĵķŭɽ⻰ǲ˵ЩˣѵɾͻᶯƤ𣿡
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ʼٸߣ̾Ϣһħ뷨ͬע߲һΪħΥɱˡħΪαԴĿһС
뵽ųͱ˫ʱĵߵһ˵Ŀյϡ


222 ɽȿ
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ЩˣҲֻ˵˵һĴǻǲȥ
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ƲѣǰʱȻҲЩ˵ŮˣЩأȴҲˡ
ǵǰʱһ˵ĻȽϾ䡣
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⻰˵ȴڵܶӣɷ磬幢ֱﲻ֪˶ٹ֮¡
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ÿصһΣľ絶һܣأǰһذ뱧ڻָоʱʧȥİһ˫ʪˣһεξӨ飬˳ջ䣬ǣڵϽһ߲Ứ
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Щǿߣȿһۣٿͣڳϡ
ǿʱ򣬻صͷе˼Զ
ôһ΢΢ЩΣ¶ɫߺһҪӡ
Щ˶ˣΪߵŮŮӡ
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˵ţɷͷһȥߵʱΧԭȥĵӣæܿµǿߡ
ħĵӰʧڴ֮ɵĵ̽룬еӶȥ֮ɷ빰һ֣ͬʱȥ
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ʵɽֻû͵ϮҢȴһɱԥļħӪʵȻ͵ϮЩʡȥҲˣҢΧе˶ԹԵı죬ֱɱ
Ңûгֵԭ򣬻Ϊ룬˲ɱζûаգ˵߻ǿߣһڣһԪӤڣʹûŮҲɱĿܲ󣬱ϾХڵôǿߣԷ˵
ûн봫˼֪ԼȥҢͷŮٵķȥ


223 ɽ
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󳬼ɵĵ߽֮ɽֻʣĸǿߡ
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ɽȴΪſͣʧʲô͵Ϯ
Ңͷϵղ͵Ϯ봫˲䣬ɱԷһɱ
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ͣһţδڣһֱû˵ĽʯͻȻ˵ܣѣѾﵽڶΪ½ϣܶвΪûοʮ󶥽׷֮һĻ룬ʲô˻˿־壿
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ʶɢ뾪ȵķ֣ԭܸӦﷶΧʶ˿ֻܸӦԶһЩ͸оˡУǹϢ쳣ŨϢֹʶ̽飬΢΢üͷߵŮߣǵ濴
Ůͷߣʩչɽڷȥ
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߳һɽȣֵɽȣǰҪ࣬޵ȼָ߳࣬弶ʱɼʱܿһЩ͵ޡ˵
ͬһһֻ֧ǵ̺Ѫ߶һЩֲʶγһޡ
޴ͬҲһȣڳ˱Ե˵һͬ߼쳣ľȫ£ʹԪӤڵ޵⧲ҲҪˡɴ˿ɼǾ̺˶ûҲࡣ
ڶɽڵϢԱȵһŨ࣬üͷŮһȥڿɼȵ͵ľˣʱ޿̲ɢʶӦΧʱӦΧ
أа׹һ
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͵Ϯ޵ôͱԷɱˣӦ˶ǽڵΪΪͻȻôǿ͵ϮʱֻʶӦһ˵Ϊ¶Է֣ûиӦ˵ò֪͵Ϯһˣ˵ʲôҲ֡
̾ϢһԳͱСĵ㣬ԽǽɽȣϢԽŨʶ޷ͷſʱ϶в޵ɱ˶Ĺǵñ־裬ɽȱΪ֮һ϶ô򵥡
ͷ˼ʵ룬޵Ϊβȥɽڶᱦǻɱأ
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뿴ǾͫȻһδ룬۵㴫˳Ǿ֮ɫԭǰĴ˵ģܶˣѰұӦǻˡ
۵Ļ΢΢һ㶣ʵ˵ʲôޣ
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224 
˵ͬ飬ֻ˵Ļң岻ӦòμӣǰһΪ˽ȥԭ򣬻һԭ򡭡
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ѵ֪ǰ£
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۸оϢԼϣЦŵҪģҲ֪㵱Ժ󣬴Խˡ֪Բֻô̵ʱ䡣ҿʱ򣬾ʹϸоϢֻʮ΢ϵʽֲˡ

ԺˣⶼʲôʲôѵԼҲС˵˵ĸǿߵת
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޼᲻ݣǰȻӲ֮£綹һ㡣
ղһûлǣ˵֮Уȴû뵽ϵķ֮Ȼû˵롣δȥеԭ򣬾ͿּһЩԭͬ޵ߣеɫһٱ䡣
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벻ں˵ֻҪЩ˲֣ҲɱԷһΣûаУİѽٹͷԴЦУȻһӣһѪĹ켣֮ϡ
һ룬Ů֮⣬е޵ߣȵŴͣĿɿڴĿ롣
񣬾ͺ񿴵һ


225 ʬ
˿̣Աߵ޵ߣѾ뵱һˡ
֪˭һ
޵ߣϳݣЩˣɫ쳣ѿ
ԣر˵ʲô۶ᱻɱ
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ݵ޵ߣħϢˣֵʱһֱ룬˺ϤʲôˡֱһΪϣԷ˭
һеΪһǵĿ롣
Щ˴ȫ࣬뿴ûһȻͷŶһϣֻϰ׹һ޴ۿɼٶСţϸȥῴǰ׹ڣһɫĻ档
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ʵֻǵļӲ̶ȣǷ˵ҪϾƷʱЩǶҪڻڻǱҺ̬Ƴķ
Ůһ·ɽڷȥһΣΪα鷳ֱͷųڵΪ·ǰ޵ߣӦΪæıܿûһɱ˶ᱦ͵Ϯͷǿ͵Ϯǿߣֱǻˡ
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Ҳż΢΢һЦԽǵ棬Խֻʩչɫ棬ղõҲ档
˵ţɽϢɽȸŨˡ
ϵҲ˸ı䣬ǻҺɫȫ˺ɫ
ɫɢŵϢ
ֵǣﾹȻ޵ʬ壬ûһ
뿴ɻѵûзսǡ
뵽㿴ΧɽϣһµĺۼɼЩʯ飬Ĵмϣڴ쳣롣
ۿҪɽȿڣһʬ嶼ûпΪɽȲʬʱɽȿһʬǰʬһģҪͨ࣬ͷɭɫǽɫɫԴһϢ
ɫĹ
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۴ӳ˯Ӧɽȿڵʬ壬ͷ޵ߣࡣ
ࣿ
üͷһѵޡ
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ҡҡͷǣǽ֮һо飬òͬȴӵһʣһܾ꣬Ժ󣬱ܾǧĶν
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󣬵һб̬ڵΪֻʩչʮԷǧ
ͻȻ̾Ϣһ벻ѾҲˣ治֪ǰʲôһսƵģѵ˻ǿҲ


226 ʬ
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ۻشʮִÿʬһʬγʬ壬ʬﵽһ̶ʱ㿪ʼѧϰʬû֮ЩʬڡҪʱ֮ȼգ𵽿ʬĿġ
һ£ʬǰԽǿԽãЩʬӵԽ󡣡
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˵󷨣󷨣ɽ֮һġʬ󡯣ȥ֮󣬶γһʬҲ磬ʬ٣֮Уʬɢʬ޵󣬼ʹһֻȥʬһ˶Ҫࡱ
Ȼ˵ʬ󣬿ʬʱЩң뻹ˡ
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һ£ŻشҲ֪ҲµĲǲΪߺߣϢԽŨϢǵӰԽɽħаΨǱߣһɱ
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۵ǵģڵɽӦûʲôΣգڻȫɽȵĵŪȻȼ֮յʹҲǴ粽У˵ߵСŮˡ
˵꣬룬ʱ򣬼ǵǽȥؽڶһ١


227 ʯ
ôһѣѾ뷨ʶ뿪ͱһɻĿԼߵŮ˵߰ɣ
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ŵ룬ɱ۸ʱ̣ʬһЩ£Ȼûʶ
΢΢һ㶣ɫָܿƽɽȣһвԳƶϡ
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Ȼֻʱ䣬ڣһҪɽȵĵŪ
밵˾Ůɽڷȥ
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һֱɢʶٵɽڷȥǾĵطԺ
ڣ磬ɽĵطϢ쳣Ũī֭ʹȫɢʶҲֻܸӦԲڵؽ䣬Ůжܵʱ򣬲Զһɫľע⡣
뿴Ǿ壬ŮߣǱ߿
ŮҲǾ壬󣬿ٵȥ
߽һЩǾòˣһֻаƴСľ壬ɫ͸·ǰĺˮһһ٣ǾУƬ̣漴ǰõذףžȥ
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̾ϢһȻϿɣһЩ͵͵ʿЩʿ̺ӴϢһսͻѡԱԱΪǿͬ޵߶ϣǴΧɱʹΪһΣҲҪˡ
һѹ粻˵ȵдɳһȺʿǻ޵ˡ
ƺ뷨ͷĲλһЩְͨ취ưһҩġҩԼʯ֮Ķһٴﵽľ磬ӰǵͳΡ
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һȴûʲô飬ȷʵȥһΡ
˵꣬ӦһӴʶһɨһ˲䣬ֱԷ͸ĸо
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һֻгڵΪʹϹŴ޸ˣҲȥˡ
ɻǰСȥ磬粻ֻгڶ޵ߣһԺſȥѵҪ󽵵˲ɣ˸ı˼ƻ
뷴ʵûгȥô֪ȥˡ
϶ȥˣΪڶµ޵ǰȥ
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ǸԷϣ˵ǷӣŭɶغСӣٲҲһᣬʱʱ򣬿ҲɱȻʬ壬ɽʬߵŮӣҲǰǡ

飬ͻȻɽڻص
仹û˵꣬оԺ˵һűʧȥʶ
һ룬ѹﾪ쳣ǿʲôʹ磬ҲûôǿѵǿߣѹΪ
뵽־òԣɻ󣬡ԣС˵ģϹŴһ޸ãΪѹƵҲһ̮ûҪ¶ڵΪһڡ
գ뵽һֿܣԷڰϻ


228 
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Ѿɽȵʵ벻Ҫȥʲôط
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˿̣ɫѾȫڵûǣû¹⣬ߡ
ɽھˣʹһأҲ
΢紵ɽԭϢøˣƾһ˿ɱ֮⡣


229 ֮
վڴм䣬ҹա
˿̵ѾȫƹԼУ졣
վԭأʱÿһ֣ͽһ֣⼫֮գһεľ֪Ȼ˵ĺܸоɽվһ仰˵ģҲ½ᷢһս
췽½ϣڼ֮յûмأֻǼ֮յʱضԣȻɫҲϢ쳣ŨһЩûз쳣Щµʬ壬Ҳûгֵļ
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һʬ壬һްţֱһֱӲ޵ߵڣʱѪɡʬǴ޵ߵڳѪܵ࣬һ顣ֱ޵ȫȥԱߵ޵ߡ
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̾Ϣһ漴ɭȻɣģȫɣ
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ʶһСʱɽں͹ڵ޵ȫˣЩʬ󣬲ûбɽʬΪڵϢ۵Ļֻе´ɽȿ˼֮պܸ
Щվڣһ󷨣µʬ壬ɫԽԽʬ壬ħֻһЩ޵ǿʬ塣ʬ壬ʲôУо޴ޣоĹй
Զɽڣû޵룬ЩʬǣҲɱ롣
ǧ󷨣񹥻һСʱ󣬱ϰٸɴ˿ɼЩʬĹжôǿԿ϶ʬ壬ÿһιӵڲڳڵĹԶɽڵʬԱġ
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벢ģʹ鵤ʹˣԴ
Ŀ磬ڴһɨһȥ


230 ʮ֮
һ߳ɫһСʲôѵĲ¿ʬ𣿡
Щʬ壬ÿʬƳĽʬûжʶÿʬĶط֮ʬ֮ڡȵʹõʱֻҪʶʬһɨЩ֮Ὺ
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аնʵ̫󣬶һ·ȥ
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ߣǾ֮ɫоһͨʶʹȥȴһ̲ѪʺѪҺ˳֮们䣬ڵĵϣŭ룬ܶû˵ˣǵһҵˡ
˵⻰ͻȻӿֳӴٵΧɢ
ڣ̺ž˵ϢϢͬΧĻЩͬ
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231 
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󣬲һ㶣˵ȴ˵Խܡ
㡭
ŭ쳣ŭ룬ѵΪĲɱ𣿡
ǲңûɱʱɱ룬ԥĳ֡ղţʹɱﵶûɱ룬ЩɣܲɱԷ
΢΢һЦĵ˵Ҿվʲôʹɣ
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ɷЦЦħ֣һ취԰ѶԷһɱ
˵ţ˵
ħͻȻüͷ˻棿


232 ɱ
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ħͬһЦǰϹһؽ両ǰ
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ͣһߵߡڳħģԲδħġ
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Ϊȵתħĺ󣬻ϲѽͷеˡ
ȸԾӣ΢΢һЦʶħĵϣ
ħȴһЦŮĻûȻ֪ʲô취ŪģԿ϶Ľָȷʵһħ뷨һ֣߲ҴæӴмһ
ԭħ£Ѿ˵ֵֺͻȻðһ뷨취ɹûϣ˰ǰŮӣץסԴв룬Էһȥ
ħ֮ץסΪһ˲Ʒķ


233 
ⷨǱģʮ󶥽׷֮һ
ԭУħ֪Ҫһãǿ˹ȴδ黹
ħļ³߲һĴȻ֡
ʶħĶųһָХһȥ
һֱעǰһһüͷ΢΢һӰΪһ磬ȻǰڣȻ̺Ӵȴסһ㱻С
շ΢΢һЦ췽½ʮ󶥽׷ѾС
塢ն굶ϻ
ɫΪշɫ۱ħģҪ뷴ĸѿ
ħɫһЦһȻķֳʶȥֻؿռ䡣
̾Ϣһתȥ
ɫд˷ŭ֮ɫʲô˰һû湻ˣȻɱˣû˼
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Ľ䣬дһСɵ֣֤Ƶˡ
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żȴֲ֪οڣżӣش𣬵ת룬Ĵܲ²Ҫ˵ʲôֻһֿܣ֪˵ʲôȴ
뵽һ㲻ǻװǺãҲװ㿴

һУνǸγϣ԰Σ֪ġ
˿ꡣ
һģҲΪܲˣ⡭
ǲ˵꣬ӵôˣ
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˰죬ŷֳ仰⣬޻˵
¶ɫ๫ʲôһҲװʲôֱ˵ˡ

ôˣ

๫Ϊֱð亹أ

㲻Ϲ
๫ϹĽвֱͣ
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ղڷһĻܲˣڵµҲһ飬ĵһŮӣò绨£ѩ
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ȻΪħĵȻҲҪˣ޷ħĵˡ
ʶڵȣħĵ˳ԺҢԻ͵ϮʹɱħĵˣҲΪ󽵣䵽ԪӤڣ͡
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ȻûȥڹȣҢΪʹڹȣһ·ҪʱĸСʱˡȻҲһֿܣɽڶûг
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ѾﵽڣҲЩӵУﵽԪӤڶ壬ͻָտɴ
Ѿ˽ĸСʱҢ뿪ʱǾڵȡ
ȵʱҢ˸뿪ʶ벢֪ˡ뿴ʹҢˣôҲӦûָˡֻû뵽صˣΧʬѾ£ûսݣҲ޷жϵʱսﵽĳ̶ȡ
뻹ûгȥļ̲סʵ룬ǻҪȥ𣿡
˵ͷ͵ȥЩϺ꣬ǿ϶뿪˵ǡǳȥضǵȦףܿǻ󷨣һɱǡ
Ң˲û󷨣ֻϧǴеʯѾɽˣҲһɱĻᡣû󷨣û͵ȻΣ֮࣬£͵Ϯʧܵĺ󣬻ǿԳɹѡ
ҢҪ뿪ʱɽĴϣ׹һӰ֮֡


234 նݳ
ɽ⣬Ң۾ĿŴ󣬵׹ʱҢѼ˻룬֮˭ֱȥҢΪγ˱ضħĵˣΪħǿֻͬˡ
ҢȴˣһҲˡ
ڿлһֱĹ켣գۼǰ
˿̣ϲ¶˵Ӱˡ
һ֣оһʶϣ֮Ļ룬ߵ
ָ˵꣬벢δֶŻһ㣬һĽͷŶֱ仯ȥͻײһ𣬶һڻֵס̺Ӵڵϡ
赭дһʮ󶥽׷֮һĻ룬ʱڰڵҢһ
ҢٳˣæջϵʶΪ֮
кâһҢ˶ܵĵ֣ɣ
Ңûгǲȷ뷢ǣһΡ
һĲӮû֪һᷢʲô
ҵǣһҢ˶ˣѷǡ
üͷһȸղŻҪ䣬ٲҲ֡
һȻУѪĹâӽɢôĹ죬ôĴۣһӴɱӽϿš
֮£Ңֻܴɽʯ󻺻˳
ǲ֪ʱ򲻳Ը񣬱ضԥĳ֡
֮߳ȵҢЦһֵղŵʵڱǸһΪ
ûҢ˵꣬һϵ㻹Ϊħĵ𣿡
Ľڱ˵벻ţɵҲĳҢǳ֣򣬸ճڴϵʱҢǶûֻɱȻҢĿɱˣʳֵ˭
Ҳ˵۳˭Ƕɱ
ҢĻ˵һ죬ӲͷƤѣҲ֪ҿԷ˭ٳֵĻħĵ˵Ϊض㡣
˵ĵʵκˣմͳʱ򣬶һϢͣ١Ңȴû뵽ͣٵʱ侹ȻЧ
һ٣ϵĻУһۺ룬ǣ֪ʲô
˵ţ򻯹ַơ
ʶŻָҢ
Ңɫһʶ˺⻯ݺ޵ıϣ˷һϣֻһʱữΪһ̲Ũˮߣֻñһ
ЦһһָһԵĽɽ
תƣҢһղűǰ㿴ţһӴѹָоԷһĴָͻҷһ㡢ǣԷֻгڵΪԼΪܲ˿־ĸо
ҢôҲ벻еԵɡ
ǱѹǼˣɽȴɽѹ٣ӲͷƤǰҸղſû֡
ʵʵ˵ȫûиҢӡ
ҢһʶɽҲһˣȫû뵽һľګӵĴ󺺣Ȼ˵ͷ
ŭ֮£Ң̲סʵɽʲô˼
ɽһη˵ҢղǸ˷ҪɱǣҺ͵ܵܲûв룬ƾʲôһ
ò״ɽڳǿɲô׾ˣħ֮׷ɱҲԩǰͬԼûϵ£ɲκϡ
δҢصʯҲ˵ǰҢֵȻоɽڱǣҲװǽſɲţڳǿڶ࣬Ǹȥڵʵܻ࣬ܿ䵽ɵС
Ңһҧгݵӣŭɶãܺãû뵽С쵰ʱҧһڣϷ򿴴ˡ
ɽ˵ûʲôģֻǲôԩ
ĲôˣղɽڳЩʬϣǻ˲ٴ治зҩһЩƺõĵҩ
ͻȻѱ䣬Ҳȥˣŭô˵ˣͬ𣿡
ҢһЦ¶һ㵱ǰ׳յı飬ʦãָͬɽڣ뿪ɽȣΪһǸصʱȥǾǰ׳ˡ
˵£λģǻȥѣǻᶦ
ǰһһͣһЦԿ϶ԷϷ
ϷԺȻûпǰǿˡ
СϷ˵ƭ룬ǰһ˹Ҳš
һЦһ϶ݺû
˻һ˶һ㶣ɽܿ췴Ӧɻ⻰ʲô˼
ʯҲӵѵ㲻ǵĻ𣿡
ָ̧Ң쵰˵ɱħĵˣȻ̯ǵĴǻû֣ɱɱˡ
ԽԽȤԷϷʹǰʲôҲȲˣɱأ
ɽһɫһԭֺõɫʧȻΪͨ죬ûǿĸˣһɱ𣿡
˵꣬ƳһŮսǣ֪᲻ۡ
󣬹Ц𣿡
һؽ˳ԳͱȽȥ
ͱ̸һСĵɫ󣬲Žȥؽ䷢ĹȦ
ŮӣͻȻǰʧҢͬʱɴ۾һš
뿴û˵ɫؽ䣬ƽˣսʼǻʲôҪ˵𣿡
ҢԸȣ֪˵ʲô޷öԷ׷ɱôõĻᣬǻҲԥĳ֡޵һܲп£ͬΪıڵʴһЩԺضǳ鷳
̾ϢһҢʹɱﵣ˿ɵĳϣѵ㲻󳬼µɱΪ£µĵأôˣܱˣ
ЦһɭȻв𣿡
ҢԷûг֣֪л͵أϷûв˼Ǵˣɵ£롭
һֹ֣Է˵ȥĻûκȤûбĻԱˡ
֮˱ûʲôøУû£һֻ۱һֻۡҢȻˣԼҲ˻룬ע޷ƽ⡣
Ȼ޷ƽ⣬ֻһֻһսݡ
Ңһ֪ڶͨ뺣һҧȻѾҵֻûһͨˣ
Цһ΢΢һ
Ӷĵͬʱֱ˷ȥ
ɫ䣬æֵķӭȥ
ǱΪֻʩչһ˵ΪͬԵ˳ֹʹ޷ɱ룬Ҳܱסȫȴû뵽Էһ־ɱУһɱǣô½޵ŷɥĽ
˵ֵ󣬷̳Ѻۣ벻̾Ϣһնݲ紵
һ֮󣬳Ң⣬˶һѪ˳һνǱضˡ
Ȼһӣ⣬һаնҲ֮ͷŶ
ѪĽһѤĹ켣ֱҢȥ
аնûеҢоѪ콣ӵеǿ󹥻һҧٴμһһѪϡʱѪ֣ѪնȥҢһߵãתȥȻ˲ˡ


235 ɱħ
ͨķҲˣҢľȻһ
뿴΢΢һ㶣Щ׷ɱ
һҢѶݵ֮⣬һܣŶûС
ûɱˣȻΪһ磬׷ȥ
Ң׷룬ﾪҲʹһЦ֪Ҫ׷ɱѾˣ׷ˣ֮ľԽԽһҧһѪɫĶʱѪɫ
ͫȻһѪ벻˵Ѫʩչ
ѪԾѪΪý飬ÿʩչһΣҪķʮľѪ
ȵʩչٶȼ죬ԶǾŴʱԱġ
֮ԶԽԶҢһʩչѪԷ׷ϣҲֻˡ
δҢɿӰȻʧĿУһ̣Ѿ
Ң֮У̲סʵʲô
һЦ㲻Ҫ֪
ʩչĶǴ˵еسɳߣֻȶ̫ÿʩչһΣҪȫΪۣӵо鵤ʹȶҲʩչ
Ѫնٴδɢ˲䶴Ң塣
һ֣ҢϵĴ˳ס󣬿ûԷһۣתȥ
췽½Ŵ֮һ
ռȳҪһЩٳһ޼ʵϺ
޵߲࣬еɶħ
ԭΪ췽½󳬼֮һħ
ħڶ󣬹ûһɿԿ⣬ˣЩֻҪħһħ֮ɱ顣ʶڣЩɣֻħڣҳһЩʹħֵҪҲŭԡ
Ůһ·ɵССҲ˲١
ҵһС͵ɣħڵķ󣬱ٷȥ
֮ħڵɽ¡
ħڲǳ֮һ֪ǷΪ޵УɽΧǵĻڴûп
Ů֮ɽǰӸӦ˵Ϊɲ⣬æ˵λǰ֪ħֺ£
ħУʵһЩΪԽߣԽǱ𾴡
һͷħ곤Ƿڣ
Էһſڣ˵ħ곤ϣǵӲҵæ˵ȥ֪ͨһ¡
æֵˣڵλãԼȥҡ
ǵӿɫȻɢɱ⣬Ļ˵һ֣æ˵ħڵλá
뿴ŮһۣշȥͳҲ
УսʱСһЩ
ͳͷû˵
ħڣĴϣеħ⣬ˣֱħ꣬ħ죬ħ
˵ΪﵽϺڣԲľ֮һ
˵˺ϻ֮췽½һûκ޵ߣܵ˵һ
ʶɢħڵһо۵ףδħڵĶһ㴫ѣħк£
Ƭ̹һ߱ɵߣɫȻһ֡
ˣħĴ֮һħ
ħΪҪӣڵһ֣֤Լݣ±˲ʶһ
ղŸӦʶڶϷɨħ˳Ҫʲô˸ҸӦڵĵط
ħԷò΢΢һ㶣ʧ룿
ħһɨұħ꣬Ҳһ˵ɣǸѪģ
ħ΢΢һ뵽ʲôƺװ˵ԭҲŮԭΪˡ
˵벢ûлش𣬼ץסŮԺ׼һͬħʦɽȣʦһݣҲ޷
ͷŮģ
ħ֪ȥɽȣûжʣʦܶͳȥǣΣ
˵ţƳһŮһֹӡ
ڰ֣û£ʱǻڵҡ
ħ΢΢һЦˬã߰ɣ
Ƭ֮һڣħ󿪶󷨺˽ȥ
֮󣬶ڿһˣɫһѣʲô˼
ħһõĵ񣬽͵赣ģʦˣͰŮӴ
һЦŲħôģָԪĻᡣȴûƣǰһͬɱá֮ûж֣벻ݾߣһԷӦǵʦˣתȥ͵òʧˡ
ȻҪţôȫɱˣȻħǿڶ࣬뻹аգһɱ
ʱ䣬ΪŮѷһ£м編ͬն
ţ¶ֵʱŮҲܰæ
Ƭ̣׹һħħڶС
Ůһ֣Ѷرˣ漴ħߡ
˸վһħɫһ䣬·㲻ߣŴ룬ҿӡ
Ϻ޵֮ɫɫ糣˵˭˵Ҫˡ
򶨵ӣ˶һ㶣˲ָֻ糣ǿɲţһɱǡοħڣбûʲôͬȴһħ
ħЦһһŮٺһЦ룬ɱԺ
û˵꣬ħֻǰ׹һϴʹ
ħ᲻֪ʲôŭɶСӣ
˵ţһѷһӵĳħʮ㣬Ȼ
ͬʱħˣҲԼǵķ
ħķһӣħһ
ɢڵĹâȫָ롣
ʼգɫûбһ£ĵļȻֻóˡ
иǷŭ⻰ԭӦǣȴ˵ˡ
ħŭһɭȻСӣҿ㻹ܿá
һͨΧ󷨣һ룬ȴ󷨲ûаͷųŨħ΢΢һ㶺Щŵٴɡ
ΣħԿ϶һԺ󷨣ȻϢƻˡ
δˣʹʦҲûôֻһֿܣǰƻˡ
뿴ħɫֱ䣬ŭĿԼǿѹסЦ⣬ʵѣ㲻Ҫôͣˣ
ħͷŭôһ˵ŭģһѪ˳
뻹û˵꣬ĳ¶ɫǲ岻ҪҪȥϢһᡣ
ħָ̧֣룬ŭ㣬㡭
üͷԵʵôˣѵΪҷӢҲôΪ
òͨӢմϱ
ħѾòˣŭȵɱ
Ʒȴæ÷ǰ
Գͱ˺ɱǡ
ħ˵½һǾ֮ɫ
ԷȻʩչ˵еĽһǿĹ
ħ֪ôȥɣæȵ󡭡
ָ˵꣬һѪĽħΪǽʶĵֵ
Ѫаն˲ħķֱڡ
ħɴ۾Ѫֱ֪ôġ
ˣ֮ɱħæ󷨣Ҫ뿪
벻ǻᣬаնͷŶ׷϶Է
аն˵ڣǵʱӿеڵأϢȫޡ
ʩչаնɫһ԰ףæӴóһҩƿһڵС
ȥᣬ˽ˡ
鵤һ뿪˶


236 ʮ
뿪ʶɢǸӦǿڵĵطһһɱƬ̹еĳǿߣȥħڣʣļǿߣһѡ
һ·׷ɱȥԭΪħڶǿʵҲһһ
Сʱ
ֻСʱɱħڡ
ħڣͳ߻վһŮӡ
ŮòͬȣҲ
˲ᣬ˭
涣ʵ㣬ҡ
̾ϢһĴĺ󱳣Щô
һ޵ĸˣٻ䣬Щ꣬ĸϼһһֱҹҵҩԣѾﵽˡ
˵ħôһ˶ûУæʵ㣬ħڵأĸϼһ
΢΢һЦһõĵɫ˵һҲû뵽ĻǶˡ
ɴ۾ŵǶˣ˭ɱģ
½ħĴϵĲࡣ
͵ҵˣɱġ
һϲϲ㣬ʲôΪˡ
ﵽڶˣɱˡ
ڡ
΢΢һЦһ

ȵ㣬Ҳﵽˣô졣
ͷҲڡ
ὫŽɵĵͷ̸ͬЩ¡
ħڵɱһħŮһ³Ҳᣬ߳ʲô¹ʡ
ߣ񣬾ͺ񿴵СһЦŵҲ硣
Ƥͷ磬ͽʲôʱɻ鰡
ɻ飿
û⣬˿һ˵ǩһ
ҲһĿ룬ȴĻش
ǰһ֣ǻȥͳɻô
Ҹĵͷû˵ɫߺ죬һֱӡ
ħԺܱѹɣ޲ϲ쳣ɵҵħڵ룬Ը丽ɡҡҡͷҸǣĹ˳ͼţŷֲ
ЩԺ΢΢Ǻ󣬱Ӧˡ
˭밲ͻΪȻᣬǵȻ
ºŮصţŵĵӴ඼ˣʹûģҲڸϻص·ϡ
˿̣ڣ󣬱诵˶ڣǰһõĲˮ
˱⣬˶һοһòˡ
òֻӦУ˼ѵһؼ
仰˶ۡ
֮󣬱һЩԭɵĵӣԴ֮ԹڵҪ
Ԫڵɣȫ˳ţӵ
Щϣ뿪˼ǰܹ½ͳһ졣
ڴˣڽڣΪԼҲڷС
ʱɿ죬תۼ䴺ȥ
ʮڲӵΪﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
һӣΪҲǽڡ
ǧϣﵽԪӤڡ
ǿߣҲһǧˣҪ֪췽½ϣǿ߼һҲˡ
Ȼµĵӣȴûж٣ÿֻȡʮˡ
һ㣬ȴĸеԭ
ΪǴﵽ˳ڶ壬Բֻһ
ˣȫﵽ˴Բʹͣյ·ǵӣҲﵽ˳ڶ塣Щڱչǰռȫҩģؽó٣ĵҩ
һ֮ҪҩģԶԶµĵӣʱ˺ܴæЩԭŵӣĸʶһΪƳĵ¯ٶȸˡ
ԪӤϵ鵤ȼٵĵҩƵ⣬еĵҩЩƶɡڳڵӴﵽ˵ʱͱҲﵽ˴Բľ磬ս
ΪߣǾŴͬʱʵһ
ͱڴԲǿߣǿߣԪӤڸǴﵽǧˣڽڵ޵ߣûսķݣֻܰЩǿϡ˵ҩһЩճҪĶ
˶ǿߣ뿪ţ˸ע⣬ǡ֮еɶͶûһƴ֮һɵٶȿ࣬ʱմ˵һɣ׼˹˳
ȶ֮󣬳ɣҪͱԹ⣬ˣøСȥˣÿСһǿߣʮԪӤǿߣùİٸСӡͱ߸ʮСӣȫ˳ȥ
ڣÿﵽںԪӤڵĵӣ˳ȥ
еӶμӣǺ޲ö¹͡
ΪÿһͣʹӦĵҩʹﵽһ̶ȣܵõ켶ҩ
ʱ䣬˱еɣŵǿЩɸҷ
һ죬֮߳󣬲̾Ϣһ
ʮ꣬תۼʮ͹ȥˣĹͷӲֹͣ
ΪȥҪﵽԲܻܿðգΪӦ뿪˼ǰлԭ׼صԺ󣬾;еģ˼Ǿͳһ½һͬС
췽½ϣʱֻһɣǾš
ɶޱ⣬Ϊµĸӹɣʹʣµ󳬼Ҳǡ
󳬼ɣѾʵ
ڳǿߣ˼⣬ȫɱ
֮ǰѾ֪ͨհˣʶһ뿪˹
ʮˣʮû룬˿˼Ըӣһ˵Ļ
뱧סĺ󱳣׼ôˣ
ɫһ죬½ϸʵ˶ˣŴԸ
΢΢һЦЩܲŵʵֻܵҪһ仰κһɣһҵźͻʵ۶ҪˡЩʱ޲׼ޱȺصЩκΰѼǧĻˡ
Щźͻʵʱһ۲ѣĻپٰ켸ΣҪҵ
Ļǰδеʢ󣬵ͳ󣬿ɽɽ£ȺǾȲѡЩУ˼Ϊļ⣬ȫŵĵۣʹŴ۹ĻʵҲˡ
뱻һĻһЦ룬Ҳǹ龫ġ
ЩûдŵܵˣȼϣǴʵ·
һ֣δǰϲͱһڡ
ڷ·һȫɫһȫɫɳ
ɫ·ǰĻɴڵġ
Ȼʮһֱȴֳһʶ磬ڵ
봩·ȴǰʱһ׼Ϊʱеװ
Ƭ֮󣬵ͳǣ֣ٴγڴڵʱ޲ɴ۾
·ǻǵһο޲̾ɶ칤
ԭ;ɫڵ󣬱ҩ֮֮ò־֡
ڵĳʹϵȣӿҲȻʧɫ
ɴϵ·˵Щ¶Ϊֱۣϡɼ
ʱȴûһ˸ҿǶ֪һ͵һۣ۾ܱܿ£⻹ʲôһŭ֮£ֻҪһ仰ɺ͹һһ֮߻ˡ
ʶЩǰʱ򣬶ж˶Ρ
ÿĶǧܿ˵Ļǧ˵£ǧ


237 
һ·˶ӣ˴ſɵĵۣں档
߳ͻȻһ㳡ϵƶС
̤ƣȣоλĵҺ׵ӣŵˣŵѡ
˵һ£úЩʵûʲô˵ģһתˣλðɣ
Ļ£һֱ죬ĵľƲˣﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
Ųƴƴ󣬻澭ġ
ϣ뱧ų˫޵ϵ֮С
ϵһ˲䣬оһӴڣѪпѭתγһ죬һʱΪڴﵽԲˡ
˫вǼ
ڳѾﵽԲ磬˿ڳڡ
˶ӵ֮һ˫֮ʲôĽû֪
ڣԪӤͻȻֳһŨγ仨ӡ
һõ壬һٺϣһǾޱ
ɫõ塢ɫİٺϡɫǾޱ̬ʢ
˿̵룬ͬڳڵƿԭΪ쳣ѵƿȴ쳣ļ򵥣򵥵޷šŴһںһ𣬲һʵĻϢȻϢɢֳŵγһСɵԪӤΧűԪӤתš
ŴԪӤֻбԪӤʮ֮һСɢɫҲвͬ
ϵΪɫľϵΪɫˮϵΪɫϵΪɫϵΪɫ
ĴϵɫϵΪɫϵΪɫϵΪɫ
ŴڿڵϵԪӤյٶȸ죬ɢĻɫâԪӤҪҫࡣˣ̺Ҳﵽһֲĳ̶ȡ
ϵԪӤԽԽ࣬ƺҪһΪż֪Ǻá
޴ʱ۵˳ֳһʶȥϵԪӤУ뿪塣
Ȼ֪ʲô˼ǰ۵İ취ȥˡ
ʶ˳ĽȥϵԪӤڣûһ˿뿪壬ԪӤζ뿪
һ£ڵǻϵԪӤУѸײڶ֮ưѻϵԪӤУƳ⡣
ϵԪӤ뿪󣬼ͳƬ̣һһģһˣֻüĴһͼ
ǻɫĻ棬쳣ŨɢȵǲΧķ˲ͻΪҽˡæƻϵԪӤڵʶͺһգ
ϵĻʱյڣϵɫЩƣ
ʶһǹջڣٱƳһԪӤͻȻڵ򣬶ٱƳһԪӤǿʩչ޷ɹпܱԪӤɣĿơ
ʱ˫ҲԽԽ٣ȫʧ
ûгɹڵ仨ʢ
˿̣ͬʱû۾
ĻҸ˵룬á
˵ţſ۾ǰվһ룬·׵һԺ졣ǰȻ룬Լ˭
뵽æһ뿪뱾壬һ֣һ·ϡ
ڵϣɱղˣȴЦЦĿԼ
ˣһǰ뱾ֿߵĻϵ۴ĸǶȥ˶һģһ
ĸ㣿
ѹס飬ƽ
΢΢һЦͬʱ˵ҡ
ڷĻصţǰľɫоôĲʵ
ɻ󣬵˵ܣҴû˵һӵġ
֪ͲϾ֪£ǻϵһ֣ϵʱǰڳУ뵽ڡٴγѾһͬһģһ·
һĻѾ˳ʶΪȵĿһۣͻȻ뵽ʲôϲʵ룬ͻˣ
ͷĵʵأûͻƣ
̾ϢһΪƵ˵ôͻƣΪҲͻƣкܶԪӤΧγɵ໨Χѭǲ֪ʲô˼ΪλͻȻԪӤԱߡ
зһ⣬æߵߣͬ˵αƳİ취
ϸ˵ÿһ仰֮󣬲ʵĿԣ
ԡ
컰һתѵƳһǧҪƳڶ㣬ᱻɡ
ͷȶڵϣ֮С
һߣΪʶȴȥС

Ķʵ֪ΰѵڶԪӤ𣿡
۵ͷشȻ֪ҪĸԵԪӤˣԣԵĵȵȫԺڵĴﵽһĳ̶ʱƳڶ
жԪӤ𣿡
һؼ⡣
һ£ϸĽ͵ÿһһԣ˵ĻԷǻԷ뿪壬ô޷ʩչԵˣǾŴ뿪壬ֻ似ʩչ
ôϸĽͣѾˣһ׼ԵܵıرţֻҪѷԷʹسɳҲδ׷ϡ
뷨УӴóһЩڷԵĵʼ
ûô࣬˽ӽһµʱ䣬űƳһ
ǷԺòͬȫһֻüĴһõͼ
뿴ͼһͼʩչĵԡ
õд䣬ѵĵͻйϵ
˫ۣ̲סʵµĵ𣿡
ͷǰһӣһӴͷŶʱγϰ֦ʺõ塣õ弫Ϊ棬ͬһϰ֦õ壬ڳĿ£Ȼٶȿľˣתۼǰ
֮Ҳ˹룬ҿܵס𣿡
һһӴͷŶţǰһڡ
ڸγɣϰ֦õǰ
õڻϣ죬ӴĹ΢΢һʮõڻϺֻϾȻһϸ΢ѺۣѺ۵ٶۿɼٶ
Ľȫû뵽ģͺһ룬ѺȻûлָѺ۲Ƭʱ䣬ϰ֦õȫڻϣڵ˴룬ôһΣҲ޷ס
һ΢ЦĿԼ˶
Цһ£ûлشĻǷʵɣ
ȷʵ
벻ųʩչһΣȻʶоǿ㻹ʩչһ𣿡
ҡҡͷЦУղǡõ׷ɡѾҾŲ
һ£ֽʵﵽڣɹԺĵ𣿡
֣ΪԼ뻯Ժûأ
ͷǵģһʱǵȻڷԺˣӦǻڲеĵɣ
ڣ
ֺȻһȻﵽ˻ڣΪλûȥ磿


238 Ԫ
磬ôǰȥ
ŪڣǴۣ֪ǰȥ𣿡
̾ϢһΪһӰǰ
һ֣㾪һ⣬ʲô
üͷһҲܿ
ļǵãڵʱ˵ϳԼ⣬ûܿ
ͷŵߵߣٴظ룬Ӱʲô
΢΢һЦ˳һ赣ĵ񣬲Ž͵ȥڣһĻǣ˺ǵġ
ûҺͳ˵µŵ
ôһ˵ɫŻһЩ˵𣿡
⻰Щˣô˵
֪Ϊ˫޵ԭѾͷܿԼ

ӰͻȻ˵ͣһ
΢΢һЦ۵ΪǶﵽ˻ڣ޷ǰ硣
̾Ϣһ͵ôȥģôûһǰȥ
˵һ£ͳȴ˵ģΪؼ˵Ҫͨ˴ﵽ⣬Ҫ
΢΢һ㶣ʲôи
˵Ǹ޷׺ΪһҲ޷ͨĵ·
üͷ۵Ļû˵ˣ˵һЩ
ûж˵ǵ֮У¶ȹһ޷׵顣
΢΢һ𣿡
ۿ϶صͷÿ˶Լĸ򣬸ͬԺҲͬϣ״ĵ
һ£ۻشУԱ߰ɣȥ
ݸһЦô𣿡
ͷһֱһߣƿշȥ
ԪǣԪǡ
һС·ϣǣų֣Ԫȥ
ıòıͨŮ΢ƯһЩ
òҲ΢ıһ£ԭͨòøͨˡʹȺڣҲѷֵ֡
ֻţΧľɫȫĵͶС
ʱѾԼ޵ߣһˡ
ȫϢȫ۾о±˳Ҳδϳǡ
ʱǰһӾſڶٶȿľˣתۼͳߡ
·ϵˣ֮޲¶֮ܲ¡
ųӰһ򵥵Ķ㿪ļ̤
ϵۣɨһۣ
˵ţӰ˲
ͳ໥һۣ΢΢һЦǰȥ
˵ЦݶǿЦӱ˴˵УǶĳǰ򵥡
ղ»δȶԷǰƥ֮ˡ
һ·ǰУԼСʱ̫ɽǰԪĶǡԪǡ
ԪܶŸƵĳǽǽվʿԼܼŵ۵޵߼ӵСЩ޵ߣǾŷֲͬ⣬ȥĹΪߣһӡ
޵ߣ޵ڲʲô˼ȴһһĸ֡
˸Ҫʱһʿǣֵ
΢΢һ㶣ʱһ꣬һͭ塣
ʿͭͷʾԷԽȥˣ漴뿴
⣬һЦʯڶ࣬ʲôĶУͭ塭
Ȼ˼ᣬͲóʯˣһжҪ˼Ĺ졣
¶֮ɫλ󡭡磬ҺʱæǴǮһ¡
ʿüͷ˵ĴҲˣУǹء
ʱղŽͭӣӿڴóöͭ壬ݸʿλĽǷãҳˡ
ʿһһӣûж˵ʲô
뿴ӣԴм֮ɫллѡ
ӣòӢʹԼʮ꣬Ļ󣬰ڰ֣ûʲôⶼв׵ĵط
˵һ£ֵҽˣλôƺ
ԥһ£룬ҵˣ
˵˵ͷǴк
֣޵νǴڷ磬֪ĺ١
ԭΪһЩϢûˣ⴫
ʶûʲô쳣һǰţһߵλЩʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷҺһֱĽ
Ϊˬ죬ʲô˵ʲô֣ͻȻ˵ǹˣûȤһȥ
ҡҡͷҶҽûоȥҲǰ״
һҲˣǺЦѵλһʱ䣬Ҫ뿪𣿡
һ£ʱûãûʲô飬ܹЩӾҪ뿪˰ɣ
̾Ϣһʱߵһ·ڣֵλʹ˸ȥʹ
ͬ˸ųһ޵߿̣Ķ޵Ҫķĵ̣ǽһңҲǴòҵڣΧķûһֱۣмں˯޵ߡ
̵ˣй˺죬һ޵ߣʵ̫˽ʮŴﵽľ硣о޵쳾ⶼһ̣һЩС⡣Ķȫڵķ֮Ķ
˺ڽŲһ󣬲˯ۣͳһۣ˵ʲôԼȥ˵⸶Ǯ
˵꣬ٴˣϣ˯
˯µʱĿԷؿڴһ֡
ȻҲŵĵӡ
밵̾ôһ࣬Ȼʱ䣬Ҳȥʡ
ˣ뻻㶫вС
뿪˵
˺΢΢һ̧ͷ룬˵ʲô
ô꣬ǵһμﻻԷĴţҲǮˣǲ֪ʲôѵֻ֪޵ҪĶ
뵽˺û˵뻻ʲô
ӿڴóһͽʯеõģ֪ܲܡ
˺쿴ͽʯһƣĶȻ࣬ҲûУΪԷóʲô۵Ķأ˵֮ıû뵽Ȼóһʯͷʱһһͽʯﻻ
֮Уࡣ
¶һֻ֮ɫˣ뻻ң㿴в
˺ңɫŻһЩʯͷֵǮɽ絽ǣҿķϣһҰɣ
˵ţӿڴһңӸ룬ǿͽʯٴϺ˯
õҺһЦͽʯôֵǮҲֵһҡ
ʱҲ˵ʲô뿴˳һۣתȥ
̣߳ʵ̲סˣһЦ˳룬ҿһ򵥵¡
ҲһЦһңоһɻҪѡ
ֻһңʲô¡ʱͻȻԱһ¥ͻȻ뵽ʲôǽȥԵ㶫ɣ
ҡҡͷȰ˵ֻһңǵĶô󣬻˰ɣ
᲻ûǮһ
΢΢һ㶣Լɷˡ
֮ʣͻȻ˵룬ǰ˵Ҫ뷲ȫ뷲ϲǮƸ쳾£Ͷ룬뷲أ룬ҪΪ룬ͰҵɷӰɣ


239 黭С
֪ûԼߣ벻֪ܰԼʲôΪԼ롣
΢΢һЦų㷢һ۽ֱߵСԣȥԵİɣ
˵ͷֱ֣Сȥ
һٷȻƽķˣ˳Ե쳣ġ
·ϡͬ˼ζһ㣬ڡ
һջסڴϣ뱧ų㷢ȥò˶ãǮͻỨ꣬Ҫ￪һҵ̣һ⣬һ߸в
Ȼûͷð
峿ųڸһһҵ̵ֽ̣С黭Сݡ
黭Сֻ黭д֡
Ϊﵽ˻ڣԷ£ȱ̫ࡣ
˵黭ֻҪһΣ֪ȥ
Ķֻֻ䣬õ壬ٺϺǾޱ
ÿһΣͻһ仨һҲϰţȻȴȱ⾳޷˿һۣС֮ԻֻҪѻ⾳ضܳ׸Ϊ
ΪֻǸһ֡
дָǼ򵥣ŴԴ֣һһддһơ֣̾Ϣһ
һʣԥûд֪꣬д˶٣ȫǰƷ
ֻ⣬ûϡ
һ˶Щƣûʹ£˿ͷ졣
ڵͱˣҪ򲻵ѵʱ򣬾ʹá
ʱ򣬶ܻһСŮĻæϲ˵̣㻭𣿡
ͷЦ˵ǰǰ̻ģϲ𣿡
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ԥһ£սӹ˵лл̡
תۼ䣬ѾһˣͬھҲϤˡ
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ҸڣһƵģһӣ߰ӣдëûµʱϲңд֡
һڣ˹ˣʹ۸һҡҡͷ
ԭֻʵ̫ˣЩס
ʶһûһֻ͸һš
ȥڴǮң޷һˡ
ΧھӣȰ˵Ѽ۸ŵһЩֻ΢΢һЦ
ţʶˣܻȥһ졣
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ͻȻ߽һӣһ޳У֮Ŵ
ò㣬ͷϽڣ߽̺󣬿дһ硱֡
дԺֵ֣֡
ڣ̺˿һۣ΢紵һ㡣
꣬ʵֻ֪򣿡
뿴ûһۣһŰֽдʮһš
Ҫ֪ʹڶڣһҲһˣʮ㹻һһꡣ
΢΢һ㶣ˬĴӿڴóʮңһһڷϣ⻭Ҫˡ
Աղ꿴ֻݸꡣ
ӹֻＤѣת뿪˻ʹ
ˣ磬Ԫ̫ӡ˵һֵķޣרֻед֣ŮĻΪ֣һ͵͵˳ҪֻȻҪʮҵֻ
Ҫ֪õֻһֻᳬһҡ
Ϳֻˣô󣬴ûּ
Ǹֺ󣬷·ڷУŷΡɫζ
߽ʹʱһͻȻ˹˵£ȥһ¡
΢΢һ֪Գ±׷ˣǽڰ֣һ׵鷿ȥ
鷿ڣʵ£ɫһΪʴȻ˽Գ㲻ܸһָͣʹա
ֺ΢΢һӱóǷ֡
ĿûһֳȥˣҪʹֻʦǣαسȥأ
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ҲȷʿԺܲæּʣ㿴
ߣ
۽ɨһ£ƿȴˡ
ãĲʵּǺд
ȴЩ
û븸ôķӦҪ֪׿޵֮ˣʲôû֮ɻ֮ʱҲȥ׵ʻ粻ҵæ˵ףһ길ףед֣ŮӵĻ
æʵǵòһ¡
Ժ󣬲ʵףôˣ
ûлش𣬶˼Ƭ̣Щдһ֡ǵãֻԼȥЩδҪװ磬ڰ֮⣬дǸҲˡдǧҪÿڣҪȥ
׵Ļ΢΢һ㶣׸ΪôҶʣǰո׵ķԸȥˡ
磬ڵĵطд֣æ˵֪ܷΪдһ֣
ɫƽȻ˵ʲô֣
翴Է񲻰һǾǵһοˡϸ׵ķԸٴܿף˿϶ͨˣǵһ֣֪ܷддԸ𡣡
Χֵˣ֮ޱȵһ
һֵ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
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ͱôһֱֻĸоָоһţȴһ
֮ͣеıʣҡҡͷشҲд
˵꣬磬ٴдһ֡
һһעĹ͢񣬹˵ˣǰ
ǰʱ򣬵ڿֻºܿ㴫˳ȥ
ֵϵ֪֮󣬸˵̫ɵȻдһ֣д
ʹɵҲĳ벻ǲдǸ֣ǲд
ЩΪǰ׳գҲЩѧΪ벻ΪǸд֡
֮һʱ䣬ĴԱضǣԼУ˶ǵһˡ
ȻˣȴδҥԷԼ顣
ʱ䣬ھƹݵƹ񣬲֪ǲֺ룬ÿζȥֻʱ򣬲һЩˮЩˮ벢ԣë֮һЩÿ춼ˡ
һʹëҲϤˣëһʵ壬֪ܲܽд֡
Ϊһ־ֵȸ׬ǮˡдֺܺɣֻҪëڰֽϻϼ£һ־дˡ
뿴˴ëһۣЦˣд֣
ëһ㶣¶̲סʵΪʲôдˣ
뿴һǰһ֣Դëʵ㿴ʲô𣿡
ëŻ֣Ƭ̣Ծ壬һŻ档
΢΢һЦԴëȥɣɫˣѧȥúö飬Ժ״ԪȻˡ
ëɻдֺͿ״ԪʲôϵȻ˵ˣ״ԪˣǾȥɣ
һ궬죬˴ѩ׷ѩս£ؼױع
ųߣվǰŴƯµѩ
ʱһӰӽֵһͷٵתۼĵǰһ󣬶һת뿪ˡ뿴΢΢һЦÿҲ֪ŵʲô
ÿʱȻûе飬Ҳ³Ͷ֮˵ݡ
һ۰Цŵ룬Ҳ˰ɣ
΢΢һЦѳڻˣǳȥ㶫ɣ
ѩУһӷ̤ѩһԶĵȥǵӰѩннԶ


240 
תۼ䣬ʮѹ
ͳòѲ꣬ǿıĽ
˵òһֱԭΧھӼʹҲᵱǹ
Ĵ͸ڵĴë¶ĺӣ˴ˡ
ԽԽƯȻ廹δȫҲԶĴˡ
ȻëĻÿڷдֻ֣żϾʱд֣ż
ͳԪҲԽԽ࣬ǵ黭ûʮ𣬵д黭һѻڵڣһֳƷ黭ᱻǰˡȻҲвٹǰ
ԪڣѾͳ黭һֵλ˽±ȱ˭ӵеĸࡣ
ʵͳ֮ôΪʵĵԭ
Ϊĵ鷿͹һּ
Щ󳼿Ժһش黭ԴյõǴ򵽵ġ
룬һʵ۵鷿ڶ黭󳼹ûɲҡ
ڵ룬ҲÿдôּˣѾŸ֣ÿдһ顣
Ҳǣֻ仨ÿһ軭֮󣬱ߡ
ˣͬΧھһŷһ
ֻΧľףΪÿֻ黭ֻͬ
⣬⣬û֪
ʵģȴһ˿ߣ֪ӵоӵ
ԭͳˣ֪Է黭Ȼ϶
黭Сݵˣʮְ˾žͳŵʼ档
һֱʹòͣ󶼷ˣΪͳݣܵ
һգ鷿£ɷϣһѵõĺûʵۡ
ĵһ룬ͻȻоһʣæ̫ӹһ¡
ͺܴˣʮֻ֪꣬ԺֵĻʵۣͲ̫󣬵ÿæڹ£޽ǺͷѾסȻҲ޵ߣ̫æϾΪͣڡ
Ƭ̣鷿ϣæ˵ʣˡ
ĵͷӵĿ쳣Ĵ飬ֻ˵ˣ˶ˣôˣ
ٶಡſʼȻԪæڹ£δӶ١
Ѿˡ
Ժ΢΢һ㶣æ˵ʻᣬô˵Ļأ

Ц˼İڰ֣ҵëˣֻϣ֮ǰܿλˡ
֪˵ָ˭ڽɣ
ҡҡͷһȥԸޣҪǿ֪𣿡
ȴĿǣԺ˷ͷ
΢΢һûĿ˵ͷס
ڻף˾Ǻηʥ׾Ȼҵ
һСʱһ黭СǰʱڳһȤ¡
벢δ̧ͷһۣȻĺͳ˵
粢û⣬ÿǰһ񣬵¸ȥ
û˵ʣ¶ԷԺ롣
ϣͷ㸸Ǹûʵۡ
Ϊû뵽Էһ۾ͿԼݣЩ֪롣
΢΢һЦһضͷŻ˵㸸ףʮԪЩѹá
˵һ£ֽ˵ûʱȥܼ֮꣬һΡ
Ϣףû뵽֮󣬹Цһ䣬ټһΣ㹻ˡ
Ȼʮ꣬ɲ׸׵Ļֱ죬֪黭С˵ݡ
ʮһգһתʮȥˡ
һգʹͻȻһȵһӶӽסķǰ
Χľ񣬿黭СΧסһĲѡ
뿪ʹÿǰȥץһЩҪķˡ
˵ĵʱǿ죬Ȼǰˡ
һĻΧ˶ʱɴ۾
Ҫֻ֪ʵ۹ƣ˻ʵ⣬Ǽκ˶£̫ӡ
ֻǽ֮󣬹˵ϲΣȥһΡ
ȴŵıˡ
ڴһǻȥɣģ͵
ʵĵ䣬е˶֪ûһ˵ֱʵ۵֡
оΪ뵣ģһŭ֮µնɱʱȴŵһĻ
ǽ첻ûһͷͷѪȫȻں
ͷ󣬽Ȼһ֣ϰ˽˿۶ȥ
ţ˱㿴봩˰ɫ·ӳҲһ¡
̺߳󣬲ûйţǶԱߵľֵλĳȥһ˻ʹ滹տһ
еھӣû˴ӦҲû˷ԣΪ
˶סˣŵĿֵȥ
󣬸ΪŵһĻֻ֣ͳֻ˼ʧڽֵľͷ
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ܶ˶Ϊǻþ
˵һʵ·һʱƺ̣ܶʵܳ
ʱƺܳʵֺ̡ܶ
Χľ񲻿ף˶ʮ꣬΢һ˿ߡ
ղͳûʩչǸһš
һ·ߵʹǰǰĽ͵õûһȫڶͳ񡣵ͳȥʹʧǵߺЩ˲վǲ֪Ǻηʥʵ۵Ǳӡ
˿̣ʵ޹ڣֻ̫һˡ
ͷѾȫףܸоԼʱ䲻ˣԶӵ𣿡
ٸнܲζǻشظʣˡ
ûֻ̫صһͷֵǶ𣿡
ˣڸϻ·ϣһڶǰ
ش
ԺЦˣһ̣ûӣࡣ
¶ɫܣ֪׵ʱ䲻ˡ
ղŵһĻǻعⷵա
Ƭ֮޹ſˣų˽
ĿͳҪµ
ڰ֣һ׼µصֻص˴ϡ
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ֻ粻ףΪòѾȫȥһʮˡ
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һ죬ͳڶʮͷ


ʮ


241 ֻ
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ȥ֮ų仰˼
˵һǰεȵĸ󣬵õȵ˾վһ
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ǰ˵ǺεȵĴʹ޵ߣûһΪǰҲѰڰֻصķ顣˻ԺһԪӤ壬ԪֻҪԪ岻ԪԽ޵ߣͬıǮԽۺ
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ëʹϾʱҲ롣
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СϢʵÿ˯ǰֻĤһ
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243 Һ
ֻ֨ѽһԺӵŻش򿪡
һԺȥҵĵճӣԭΪ׻Ѽ̳֮λø磬ȴû뵽үүȻøԼȻڻûָδļ̳ˣǴүү֪һլˣδļ̳ˡ
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244 ȴԵ
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һ˧ڿһˣΪһΡ
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֮ڣе˶֪ҵĺȻҪѹȥ飬޷ѹƣĻʵ۶֪ˡʵ۱˲˼ԼݣȻةฮͬƳֵܡ
һĻȴû뵽ģ̾үү췽½ĵλʵ̫ߡ
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УĵλѳԽ˳ʵۡ
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245 ͨ
ѭԵȴ
˿̵룬νǣңе¶Ȼˡ
ֻ׷̽صİأͬ١
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˿̵Ĵһˣ³һڵڵϡ

һ˾ŴΡ
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˿̣ڽ̵һյĵӣûΪλá
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ʱϰ׹һһģӰͻȻ֣òδȫ֣һڳˣƴ󣬺оһٶꡣҲ֪ĸ򣬻ͷһҪҼŮúһ


246 ƴ
ӵĴڣӰ
Էòһ򶨵룬Ҳһ
һôģ
ףò΢΢ЩɢһӴϢ
Ϣ΢΢Ӧһ£֪ǻǿߡ
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ָ˵꣬ò˸ž⣬һЦеĿԹˣŮɣ
һӣһõĴȻץ
üͷһ΢΢һվڳǰȻУһѪĽӽֱתۼӭõĴ֡һõĴʧϵѪһЩȥƲ׳ȥ
׳ɫһָһüģһѾ޴ĺɫͷǰһУŽȥӴӾ޸ͷŶ˲˽Ĺھ޴ĳ£

׳쳤Хһϲã벻ϻȸ֣Ҳﵽ˰ɣ
ΪҲֻǻڣϾ磬ûеŨһͬȼ޵ߣϵĶ޷սʤǿߡ
׳ܻΪɱǰ˲ѣеľ޸һӣСӣүҾ档
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һ֣ʩչŲ֮ŵķȥ


247 Χ
һգƵˬ
ϵͻȻڣ˿̣Ȼ֮С
˸Ӧ뵽˫ۡ
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ĵ˵ţʶȴڣֻҪԷԥĳ֡
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248 ľ
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ӹʯǰֻôˡ
Ӱڰ֣˵ҲΪ㣬ԺЩľͷǵҡ
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΢΢һЦΪ϶˵ֵط˼仹綼ܳ㡣


249 
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ԭɱˣı뷨˸˼䣬ûκελɱ˾йʡ˵˰ѽ´ȥ˵ԴСʱķţ


251 
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Ϊ΢΢һΪʱ䰴ͷų޻𣿡
Цһʶ󲿷ֶ޷ϣֻҪԷżκξٶԥ䡣ߵĻӿ϶ԷҲûа޳֮ǰɱŹ˵ĻǰҲΪǿִɱǣһԡ
һԣ
ȥԣָң
գЭˣЦһСӣֶΣҪ㡣
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͵Ϯһֱ޷ûоʹ˷һȥķ׷˹ȥ
ųһ·򱱷ȥ಻ɽ洦ɼʱԿ߷ȥЩ֮˵Էһۣ뿪һĻ˼䲻ͬ˼Ϊ޵ߣʹ໥֮䲻ΪԺҲ˵ϼ䡣
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ΪȻȴֵķ֮£㵱ȥ
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⽣һϵ󷨣о֮дϲͻƷϵİ취ˡ
뿪Ƭɽͳһɽһٴνȥ֮С
һʮꡣ
ʮڣͻԭΪɹĻûڶ
Ȼٶȣ뻹Ҫ죬ڵʮʱ򣬱˰ٺϻ
˵Ϊͻƣ۴ӴƮ˳ЦŵҵԪҲ۵Ĳˣʲôʱȥʥˮҵʥˮ֮Ϊָ󣬱޵ҩƳ޵Σ
һЦʵڲ޵ҩΪһȥʥˮ𣿡
ɫһ䣬漴Сӣҿ㲻ôҡ

һɻĿųʶʲôӣģ
ݸһЦ֪˵ʲôҡͷʶֲô֪ʲôӡ
ۣСʵ룬㿴ǲǴ˵е
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˵벻ףֵĳвҲ٣ĳУһʮÿһ綥ǿߡ
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ȻǲսҲˣϣһܺõļ۸񡣡
ɶһ£ƺʲôһ㣬˸սɽ翪ٵһСռ䣬汦ʹ޼֮ʥˮҲѰ
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˵ЦһôҲʥˮ𣿡
ҡҡͷǣֻ˵ѡ
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253 
뿪ɵԺӣصԼķڡ
Ժӵʯϣգʵ룬ʵʲô𣿡
ڵоһ˿ãȻΪˣҲ磬ȴ֪Ҫʲô
΢΢һЦѸղź;˵Ļϸ˵һ顣
󣬵һͷҪȥʥˮ
ЦһۻָΪֻȥʥˮֻǵ
ǡ
룬һֱôȥ֪ʲôʱΪ
ͬʱͷһŨĵطɺͼռˣڣȻȱĵطŨһЩȴǳ֮ƣҪΪɡ
Ҳ취Уʵȥĸأ
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뿪ѰɣԷ˵æʵôбİ취ȥɣ
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ڰֲ֣ǻϵҪҲá
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ÿ뵽⣬ͷۣԲȥ룬һʱ䣬ȹΪǾ뿪
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뿴Էɫһ˲Ǳˣƭˮľĺӡ˿̣ѾܿԷΪˣͬԼһڡһοԷʱԷΪԿ϶ԷһϢķ
Ϣ˼ãɽԺȻˡ
۸ĿϢǿԼʹãֻڵΪͲߣѵϢڻ²ɣǿ߱ضôˣһţЩڵΪĳ֣ɱ˶ᱦ
ӿԺҲһ㶣漴ʲôٺһЦ벻ּˡ
ЦһǰּˣϴҵĶӦû˰ɣ
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ûлش𣬶ǶźһͿ֪ĺһ飬ʵǣʲô
ʲô
뵭˵֪ɱˣܲҵЩʯ


254 óʯ
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ЦҺ׷ûгΪʲôɱң
ûжԺӳ֣ɱ˶ԷϾԷôָ꣬ҳƭ϶бֶΡȥҲδöԷ
Կ϶׷ˣΪһ
ŭһһһѳϺ㣬¶Ρ
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ФոѴӸ룬֮£ʶһɨȴŵȫʯôʯҲмööʯФնʱ̰ģѣֻһЩʯûֵǮĶ㲻Ǳƭ˰ɣ
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Ф߿ˣɲŶԷܰôΧ˴λмʯô죿
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Ф΢΢һЦѣѶңھͰѴӸ㡣
˵ͷûиԷӭľǵȸҡ
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Фյ
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ƺ֪ɫδ䣬ֻжһɱ⣬
ФչһЦˣΪɱ𣿡
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˭
۱۾漴Ķͷ϶ʱһ⣬ǹâһ֣һ֡


256 
۶ͷϵı־໨·𴥵һ㣬漴ʧ㣬㡭
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257 
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ҡҡͷӦҪˣԼлһָյ۷壬ԥȥȻЩ󣬵ԸˡۿһۣҪȥڣǰеҺʥˮ


258 
ʥأһɽУһ޴Ķ
ﳣ걻֣ʹڵҲû֪˵һ
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峤õطڱѹʱֹһȥ̽̽ÿǰһӴ赲⡣ʱ䳤ˣȻûʱô嶯ÿ𣬶Ūھʲô
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ۿһʯϵİ˸ӣѷңҰȥ
һ˳ݸۡ۶ʼɣôǶˡ۵ĵ̣ɱԼֻҪָͿˣûɱԼ֤ǰ˵ĻӦöġ
˵Լǻһ˿γɡ
۽ӹ飬Ŀһɢһ⡣ʧһɹӴķϵɢƬ̣ΧĿԵţϵİ˸ӣʱ˵죬ƺҪϲһ
һĻ۵Ļˣⶫԭһ塣
ֻа˾Ÿϲһγʥ飬ܷӳ
ȡϵ֮ɫ΢΢Щƣ룬ţԺϵڣٶȿ
ԥһ£˹ⶫӦǻİɣ
Ϊӵоʹõʹ޷Ӧ֡
۵ͷʥǻڸˣҲԭˡ
˵İ˸ӣֽ˵Щ϶ûзӡԺʹãڲֻֻҪЩڣһ꣬ķܳ֡
̲סһôǿ
΢΢һЦѵˣγɵıȻˣЩԻ֣кܴԭΪʥ顣
뿴һеķ飬Цⶫֹӿô򵥰ɣ
۵ЩҲ֪ˣԺˣܽ⿪еܰɣ
һ֣˸ӷתۼǰЩŰɣǰʥˮҰѾͷıڣΪһЩ
ıʣ
üͷһ¡
۵ڵѨλѾͨѾͷûУ㼴ʹͨѨλطȴûбۡۺ۵ĵطֻеڵʱܷ֣ۣ֮뵽˵ɺλľܸ򵽡
˵ͷۣԺܵưɣ
۵ܵô򵥣ܿһӶ޷ΪЩɣ֮ôǿߣڵ۶Ǳǿ߼ģȻҪһЩʱ̫ʲһЩģû궼޷
ôʱ䣿
Щü
ЦΪǴ֮ͨǾͽȥʥˮݣƿʥˮȻЩˣһЩˮ㹻ˡ
˶٣ֽ˵֮󣬻ѾˣЩҺҪúñ棬ԺҺʩչһ츳ͨ
츳ͨ
ʵһ츳ͨʲô
۽͵һ츳ۣ֮ͨµΪԴΧѶˡﵽɵʵ󣬿Խ깥ǵԺ󣬿λŲƣֻҪʶܸӦĵطͷһܴﵽ
뵹һʶôǿ
۵һЦ˵ǵȻУһ츳ǿǣֻеľʩչ⼼Ȼǿڿ˵û̫ãֻܱȽǿˣͨ»ûӳ磬ͱɵˡ
˵һϢ
뷢֣Ժ̾ϢĴԽԽ࣬û˵仰Ҫ̾ϢһΡ뵽ҪԼ壬ȫͳҲû˵ʲô˶Ҫˣܲ̾Ϣ
ƺʱǰҸ棬룬ǽʥˮ֮󣬰ѾŴֳȻڣ˺ԺҵԪ֮Ϊ㵽Ƚڶ⡣ȽʱҪȥΪһ󣬲ŶȽ١
˵ֵȽٵ׺ڵĿɲһαףľףһãͻᱻɢУԺҪʹʥҲȡֱŴڡ
ֽһЩ󣬶Ŵˣһ˽
Ѵݸۺؿһǵ棬תȥ
۴ӴȡһСĴѴ룬ʼɣ
΢΢һ㶣ôʼ
ָŵ棬￪һӡ
밴˵ӡ
ڵˮ˵ˮʵ˼ĺˮֻ࣬ŨһЩˡۿһڵˮȡһƿƿڵʥˮȫСʥˮΪɫճ״ɢž˵
һкʩչһӴȻͳϡ
ڣȶʼʥˮ
ͳ໥һۣڡ
ͨˮУۿµķ૵ˣڿȥˡ
ԪϣһɹͷŶÿͷһЩԪͷ͸һЩԼСʱԪ쳣
ֻһ̾ϢԪڴâڣԪʧڿС
һˣΪûΪһǿ׳Լ
ڣŨţϣһɹð
ԭ봢İ˸ӣͻȻзɳӴ򿪣ŸɫĹâڡ
˸飬˷ͻȥķ⣬鶼ѡӦԪС
ıҲ𽥵תţһ񡪡Ǿޱĸı£˳ķˣΪҲһ˲ﵽ˻ڵĶ壬ŴﵽԲľ硣
أڣһڳΧ໥һۺٴνȥڡһڵŨźڡ
ϹâϵͻϵԱߣڵԪڿٵķѣľϵ񣬽ϵϵ


259 Ŵ
϶ҴҶ
ͳڣ֪˶ٸ¡
ͬѾȫںϣȫźڣѾͻƵһ㣬ʱܴﵽڡ
ߣŴҲ뿪壬öһڣٵѭš
Ŵ֮ǰرѣһͻ˺ڣٶֻñ̬ݡŴˣѭϢԺľߣٶȣκһ޵߶Ҫһϡ
ʹЩкõߣٶҲ޷ͬȡ
ˣҲΪ̬ͬȼսһһ£һɱ
ʹͬȼڵߣȻˡ
ֻǣҪŴ̸ף۸Էγɵʥ飬ʣûлԵ£ʹŬûǧϵʱҲ޷ʲô⣬ʱ仹
ǧꣿ
ڷ˵һ顣
޵˵˵˵Ҳֻ̣Ҫﵽڵ޵ߣԪﵽǧꡣ
ǧ꣬ȫϣ
뼴ʹˣҲδܴﵽڡ
Թ⣬˲ûУؼããһƬڵʤܴﵽǵΪмˣӵоߣͣԪӤڣڻͣͲǰͻƵҲֻлһ
ǻжôãлʥ顣
ʮڣһEFζ
һӰڵˮһԾԱߵĿյϡ
ˣǳѾﵽ˺ڣʹá
һڵӣüͷûе𣿡
ͬʱڵ۾ٶô죿
ݸһЦشٶȿ죬̫ˡ
ôͻƣ۵İæԺķŵĶʹǿа˵ķ˲䴫͵ʹΪȫҲ޷ﵽڡ
ȷʵ̫ˣʮʱ䣬ųɹֳ߸Ԫ
ٶȣǰ˵Ҫ࣬ͬһȣʵ̫ˡ
Ӻ󣬵һֳһ궼ڳڵƿ
ڣ̾Ϣһٶ̫ˣǾŴ֮ˣںϵһ𣬵һûҵںϵİ취
üͷ˼ţأ˫һȻ޷һںϣǾһһںϣ㿴ô
󣬾취Уʶһϵˮϵ̽ȥڡ
ˮˮľľ𡭡
ȷʵûˣܿںһ𣬡˵ĲΪȥˣȻﵽ˺ڣɣʮŨʹôɽҲ޷ȣȡͻƣڡ
ڣֲͬͬ
Ȼֳܷȴ޷뱾̫Զ̫ԶӦʱ䳤ˣӵԼʶ뱾Ŀơˣߣɱռ
ΪﵽԺȴһԪڻӵһĿռ䣬ŷʹ÷ûв˼ĻᡣҪﵽڣΪѣظҪĲ࣬Ҫɺʹ壬ΪõӾﵽڣϧʹʥˮ
һʥˮļ۸˲١
ڵĽ״ڣȻҲʥˮۣÿһƿۣҪһʯ
˰ļ۸ʥˮֻɽ˲ܴõʥˮʮ
֮УӰһҲȥ
ˣֹʮꡣ
ﵽ˷ڵľ磬뻹ڼںϷ
ʮֻ꣬ںһŸȫںϣ̫Զ
ʥأڡ
ʱ֮ˣ峤죬Լĳ໨
໨վڴ룬Լĸף˵ܲܳɹ
ҡҡͷȷ˵֪ܲͻƣǶҪΪ
Ϊʲô
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Цһѵǰ˵Ļһϣϡ
໨ֻĲ²⣬ܲܳɹ˵أ
̾ϢһӴ£Ŵ֮գ˵Ҫ棬˵Ļһġ
ǡ
໨˵ȴĸ״ˡ
ֵҪ˵ˣΪҲʥ޵ľ磬ʮͻƣٶЩ
֪
໨ＫΪʥˮǸˣҲô
ƺ˶ӵ뷨㲻ҪԹ棬ҲҪһȻ츳Ҫɵľʵ̫ѡ
໨ͷ֪ô
쳤һӣ߳˴
໨Ÿȥķ򣬿˺һŻصԼĶڡҪŬø֪Լ츳Ǹ˿ԱģôˣʥˮȫԼ֮һܴﵽɵľ硣
ʱɿ죬תۼֹʮꡣ
Ϊһ·ǣѾ˷ڵĶ壬ͻֻһ֮ң
룬ںϷٶҲ˲٣Ѿںࡣ
ʮһ죬Ӱһˮ˿ڵմ룬ΪҲﵽ˶Ƚٳڡ
ķɫ΢΢һΪ벻ں˾ŴҲﵽ˷ڴԲľ硣
ʮǰںݣʮ󣬾ȻﵽȵزʵЩ
ڵȽڣҪʵ̫࣬ʮͻơ
ڳЩŵʱڵڣӿڡ
ɫһ䣬ʧѵҪͻˣ
ϾͻƹһΣڵϤˡ
ڵñٵĽڡ
ڵǿٵļˣƬ̣Ѿûһ˿ˡ
ڴͬʱɢӴѹʹԶĳѹ£Ҳĺס塣
ڣӰһˮڳߡ
˿̣ΪͬһѾﵽ˶Ƚٳڡ
ӦΪһôô죿
˵ͷЦŻشԴӾŴں֮󣬼ϾŴİٶߺֻܶ࣬Ҫ㹻ʮڴﵽɽڴԲľ硣
˵һ£һתҲô졣
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΢΢һЦɫ̫죬ͲܺһȽˡ
Ŀһۣ룬ûµģֻҪܳɹȽپˡ
ڰ֣˵ҪȽپһҲᶪµ㡣
롭
۾ʪˣ룬кܶ໰Ͷ˼£ȴһû˵
ڣڵȫޣڣһЩ
Щ˵಻˵ֲ١
벻һ˷ѵˣһ£Գȥ˫ްɣ
⻰һ죬漴ͷ
뷴ֱסӰһȥڣʼ
˫֮ھ²ܽУһһΪ̫߳࣬˫֮󲿷ֶȥΪߵһڡΪ͵һܵõٵĿΪ࣬ȵĽȥ˵ڡ
֮ڵȫա˵ΪȻûͻƣҲöȽڸӹˡ
û߳оµɽȻһ񱻴һ㡣
üͷһæԪɢǰİ취⿪Χ󷨡
֣Ӱһȥ


260 
ʥ⣬߳ɽڴ
Щ˵ĵۺر𣬷Ϊɫֱǰɫɫͻɫ
Уɫ۵࣬Լʮңɫͻɫ۵ֻʮˡ
УһڵǿߣǶ䡣
ϸȥᷢŵ·һ
ɫǰ׻ɫȸɫ䡣
ûЩʥصʥޣһ塣
˵ʥޣ޷ΪĴһ棬˸һӣ˵һʥޣǲӵˣֱ˵ޡϾĴ磬Ϊͬ࣬ЩޣĴ츳ͨҪһЩ岻ʲô
׻ĴʥڣѾȡһ壬֮ʥ֮ס
ΰ׻һ죬ǰ׻峤Ϊ׷ɡ
꣬ɽ紫󱻻٣ʥͷۣҲᵽڲŶһ嶯֡
˲࣬ΪһҲûжˣЩ㹻Ӧ
춼ǷڵǿߣҲʮʥޡ
֮⣬ʮżʥޣӶʮ˼ʥޡ
׻һ壬ʮˣʮͬǰ˼ʥޡ
˼ʥޣӵ߶ȽڵΪʥޣҲǿˡ
ǰÿζʮҡһαǰĲ٣׷ܰһһټ
һ壬ȥһֱ½
ǰɽȥñһ壬½ЩʥֲϹñϡٵ壬˿ڱøϡˣڵڣеһҲˣлвӣ弶ʥΪ
׷ɿһߵˣһһŮͺ£ֻжʮꡣ
ʵǵʵͣѾˣĴʥ嶼ƾõԿᡣ
һһŮŮ੣òΪһɫ·
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еòͨһɫ·˵ĸоΪ
ĺʵһɱ˲գ۵ĺݽɫһˣͬȼսУһڵǿ߿⡣ǿʵ£ʥڵλҲĸߣʹ׷ɺ˵ҲҪ֣ײҵ
λǶְɣҿǲˡ
׻Ƴһˣ
੺̵ͷû˵
׷һһ۶ɵİ׻ǰǰɽһӣΪһɽ֮Сһֻ̣¡һɽ޴𵴣ɽʯɽϹ¡
һ֮󣬰׷ЦһˣѵǾСб³ʹү棬ôүҸ㣬ʲôŽʵ
˵꣬Цô޼ɵЩм
ҲЦһ׷֣ҿһ嵱ϲСǵϴʱҲɽҳҪǰɽĲˣǲŴȫǰӭǡ
վߵҲ˵Ǵôǰҿһײˡ
ȷʵһûгȥĴϣе˶ĺ£ɽڵһɽС
쿴һߵˣһЦǰֻһٶˡʮʥֻˣϣһԼżʥ޵˸٣ֻʮˡôһˣȥս
ʮʥȻȶԷ࣬ϣϴսʱˣǶԷʮżʥͬʱΧʩչ츳ͨ˵ܱҪսʤҲܡԷżʥסԺ󣬶Էʣȫγɱ
໨׷ɵĺһҧǳȥƴˡ
Цһƴʲôƴôˣһ尡
ʱ棬ǰиĻ̾һǸСҲ֪ôˣǶԷɱ϶ᷢ
ԽȥԽûע⣬ȲҪ֣Ǵһ˵ɣ
໨ʮΪҲﵽ˰˼ʥ޵ʵȻͬǿսûлĿ϶ĳЦáٴ˵綼ҪҴڵǿɱ֡
ɫһȵ֪ʲôȥ
ס
໨ûкǺ˸ס
ƺһǵǹڵ˴Ӱ뿪ǵãԺǧ
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һ֣һѰ໨ϣûдӣǵһΣҲһΡϳһʺİӡ絶һܣݻҲ˵Ȱ˵׵ĻҲ𣿡
໨ҧ´شҡ
̾Ϣһһ̾Ϣ·࣬Ҫ˵ˣĹߡ
˵ţָԶһﻹʮΪ弶¡Ϊ˲ð׷ɵ˻ɣѴ󲿷ֵ˶ˣһЩճõС
Ҳûκΰ취Ϊ˱ȫЩʲˣΨô
һĽѣأֻʧСС
׷ɵˣţԽ˵ԽԽ˵Խûйǡ
Ǿһˣڷŭ֮ǰŭͷԶ侲ǳ֡
ǣ׷ɵˣôáԷǲɽг֡
ǿйȻҲʤȴǲʤôˬ졣
ڣһ̲סԷáӰһɽȥȥ
շɳɽȣϰٵӭȥھ޴£Ѫɡ
񡣡
ʱͬȥ໨ŭˣӰһҪɽ⡣
ʱһŴסĸףʲô𣿡
໨˦׵֣ȥûУףҲĿȥһŻʲô˼
һȻ̧һڶӵϡ
һ룬໨ˣû˹ȥ
ʱɽ⴫˰׷ɵ죬㵽׳Ҿ˵Ԫᦡ
ЦţԪһᦣɢһϢ
̾Ϣһʱٲ֣е˶ĺֻһ֣֡
ڵĵӣҲһΣϴͷĵӿٵɽȥ
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쿴һСǴ峤ȥ
ʯȭͷһգæ˵峤Ҳͷڹ꣬Ҫ˹
˵ţߵʦܣɳ峤߰ɣ
ɳһȻҲߣҲ˹
һֵܵʱ磬ɫһʵѵҴ𣿡
Ϊߣ
ʯ峤æϴ峤ǲ˼
ǺãǣҵĻ𣿡

˼ͬʱ˵
Ȼʹ峤뿪
ȴŲ˷ľȻ
ԥˣͷûлشʱȥܣΪ֪һ뿪峤ͻѰͨܣǸʱǼʹţÿ뵽˶ˣҲûӲдĻϡ
ʱͳ˵ߡ
ѾжȽڵΪʶɢܿӦһУɫһ䣬ʵɱˡ
ӦΪ΢΢һ㶣Цһˣ룬໨Ѫ뿪
˵꣬˼ݣһ
ֵʱӦΪû뵽̶̼ʮʱ䣬ԷȻﵽȾ磬ʵĿࡣ涼һһǿߣΪ𲻵κá
սѾ˰Ȼһĳϣ੺Χڽڰˣ׷ʯ޼ɵɱһˡʬ壬඼һˡսʱѾûлʤĿˡ
̾ϢһͷģֻҪ뻹ˣͲκ˵ǡ
Цˣһ֣һӴͳɽһεĶڷȥ
һ˳뿪ʥء
һк쿴ǰȻɱݡ


ʮļ


261 
磬½
ͳʮһԴɽС
ǰʵһ󣬵ŻԵ໨кʩչ˺֪£ǿлǸɽʹ֮ȥ̽飬֪ǰһͨȴ޷֪
ߣʮһˣΪ͵ˡ
޵ȼֵĻ弶޵ʵû
弶ޣ޵㣬ֻлڵΪЩڵΪûУʵ֪Ƶǣʮ棬мճû٣˵˵С
һ˱ԶյʱܵĻƾô˵ӻ
Ǹʱ׼뿪Ҳûж˵ʲôƬİĴ½ˡ
ʲô֣
뿴ŻСʵ
ûΣΨԶûС
һ壬һܻûΣҪһʱ䡣
ʱ䣬̲ȣеֻҪһ꣬еȴأʶۡ
ȻԶʱȽϲУһˣȻûΡ
Զðһݣ۵֮˵ңҽԶ
ʵԭһ࣬˷ǺЩڳԡ
۵һЦԶĻòã
һôãʵЩԶͰСͬ໨һԵˡ
ԶҡҡͷҪһ𡣡
̾ϢһֻܱԶǰȥ
Ƭ̣ǰһҪʩչ˷ɹ崫໨
ҳȥ
໨ԼĴУ
һĴ໨˳
໨Ժ󣬶ʱʵô㣬ȥˣ
໨УԿѾ֪ĽǵҴ뿪ʱ㸸ս
໨Цһֵ㲻Ǽ̳ѪΪʲô㲻ȥս
Ŀһߵˡ
벢ûΪ໨ĻǵҲ㻹дĿ𣿡
ܻܲȥʣܺԼͿˡ
໨˫һԶһˣͬҪʡ
ɫһʱ˼֣߲ҲԹܣұ𡣡
໨ҲһЦһߵˣǵΪҲ븺𣿡
ɫΪƽƽҵΪȻߣԸ㹻ˡ
໨мĺһʵҵҪֽһ£Ǿտ
Ѿﵽ˼޵Ķ壬ΪȻ봦ͬһ磬ʵȴҪ߳١֮츳ͱ߳١ʶ໨ûаϡ
һȭͷ󻺻ɿҲ򡣡
ҿ´򲻹ô˵İɣ
໨ţԼŮǰˣתȥ
⻰һЦЦǲм
Цݱ໨΢΢һ㶣漴ЦôΪսʤңǴһĺòʤˣʲôУʤˣԺͳΪ໨ŮˣΣ
Ц˵ûһۡ
ɫ໨˵ǻʱת䡣
໨˵ȻɢһӴɱ໨ڡ
˫ֱ໨һһٵʵǶעκ˲׼ע
Ӵɱ໨һָоղֻҪ˵һ仰ͻԥ֡
ɱĿ죬ȥҲ졣
ջɱ㶯ֿԣǲע
ۣ֮ŭۡ
⻰໨ʶĺ˵㡭ãҲ˵ɣ
֮£ĻҲЩ״Ρ
̾Ϣһ໨һһսȫȥ໨ڿνǱ磬޿
顣
ٴᵽ仰˼һְɣֻҪսʤңԺķԸ
໨۾һæʵ˻档
ͷ϶˵档
˵ּ꣬һ䣬ˣԺҵİš
޴ջǰ໨붼û룬ӦãһΪ
ԼɽڶΪôܸܰ롣ϾֻжȽٳڵʵ
ǰ׹һһѪĳϣȻͷŶ뵽ڣϵ·Ӱ£ط໨ֻҪܵһҾ䡣
໨󲻽һ㶣漴ЦôĿҼʹʹҲսʤ㡣
ѻԶԱһȻһ̤һӴͷŶȻţһѺ֮֡
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262 
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ڣΧӿγһţڡ
ԭɢͬǹںϵһ𣬻ع鵽С
Ӱһߣһ֣һҩС
ǵҩͨѪɫԼԿһѪ·ͬڵѪơ
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ǶȽٳڣµҩ󣬿ԳɹĴﵽȽڡ
ǳȽٺڴԲľ磬֮һļʴﵽڡ
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׽ÿ޵߶ҪһѣΪ׽ٵľˣǶȹ֮󣬾׿ڵĶʣΪһ㡣ǵֵ׵Ĺֻ·һɢҲ˵ߣԪ񣬲ҳɹᣬٴ
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ˮԽԽԼ׷뱳һ亹ͬʱﻹһƣʨӣΪôһˮôƴ𣿡
ҲܶԷöȺ˵


264 ׷ɱʧ
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֮ľ룬ԽԽۿҪ׷ϡ
ʱˮϵӴϢȻһűˮһȥ
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ȻֻжȽٳڵΪϾĶ׵ʶŲ֮һҪ࣬ҾҲҪԶϲ١һˮ֮ľ룬Ȼû󣬵ٶȴϲ١
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뵽ٴԴѣʲôʱȥһ½ԴڳֲؽڡϧҪֲ켶ʵ̫ѣû֭Һɹļʲٷ֮һ
ͬԴһ֮ͬһĵر
ˣʹҲҲҪȥһ½ȡһЩԴߡ
벻ô飬ȫͶ뵽ָ֮УڶѵľҩԵ£ػָšأ뷢־лһЩӵǹɳ½ȥڵĻ֮ʣǰЩӵЩų塣
ǹȻӣ࣬һµʱ㳹ųˡ
ųָٶȼӿ࣬ԭƻʱ䣬ļһ롣
ƸջָʰȥȴӦ΢΢һһɽһɵĳڵĵط
Ⲽõ󷨣Ѿ˱ıԵ
ӰһԱߣһ뵽ʯУﰵ̾˼Ķ治ðôһ㹥Ϳˡ
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ĴУͬûʯ밵γȥһҪŪһЩʯϡ
ʯѣǹӴĳХһӶ˹Զ
ڴͬʱһڣˣ򿪻ڴͶ򣬴үҴŵɱȥһǺÿлǸɧǣҹȥҽȥ󶨴үãܡ


265 
ڣ˿Ҳҳһҡ
ڵĵһŲѣ֪ʲôˣЩʵﵽڵĵӣѾܵĴ㡣ǲͬ˿ᣬǶԷʵ̫ǿԷɽڵǿߣڶɽڵĵֻһˣʤһ۱ܶ϶
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ⲻɱڼڵӺͬʱҲʱʼٸߡ
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һû뵽Ҳû뵽Էô
ÿ˵һ䣬ʦɫʦޱϲ֪ʲô˵Ժ̾ϢһʦӣǵһǵĻõȥɣǣɡ
Цһһɺԣ
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˵ͷųһӴƣͺȵ˵ô£
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߹֫ͷԼ򵥵ˣĻ󣬻ΪˣȰ˵СãҪѹˣľͷȥǡң˽ʲô֣Ҳϲüҡ
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һ˫۾УˮϵĴתһжӡ
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˵ţҪȥ
ԷҪȥһǰ˵а취Ըˣû뵽ȴôһ취СѾͷĵҲ̫ˡ߹ȥһ仰û˵˵Ǹʱʵڲ֪˵ʲô
ڸ߹Ҫ߳ʱʦٴοһ
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ŮŮ΢΢һЦһȥһ˵ͽɵɵɣ
˵ҲɣǻָĵطڵĶ
˿̣սڵ󷨣Ҫ뿪ȴһʶϣһ£ҲɢʶԷӦȥֶԷֻжɽڵΪһһ̣ȴɻԷһɱڵӣѵԼг𲻳ɣ


266 Ī
߹ٶȼ죬Ӱһǰ˵һͷŶ
ɫĽ̺ž˵һǰ
̧ҲһͷŶڿһ໥ʧ
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ԷľٶʵЩĪ
߹ŭĵͺһСӣѶóүҸȫʬ
⻰벻ûūŭЦƽҸȫʬҵҪû
ʶԷΪ˺¶ɿǰ׳ɵͷӣʹʶԷҲ˵ȻƷԷԭ
߹󲻽һ㶣ЦСӣ㲻ȽٳڵΪѵΪսʤ𣿡
մһĳХһУ죬һӴϢӵɢ
⵶Ҳ̲סõ
ϰ˵Ȧ˸Ȼһ˼
߹Ȼ̧߰ͷԺ˵ǵȻնҷѾĻŵõı
߹ĻЩţ׳һ֪ɵͷɵԵˣѾĻһʵЩײࡣ˵Ϲè뵹ЩţֻǾ⵶Щ֣ѵ⵶Ŀնӵ겻ɣ
Ǻõ涼꣬Ϊ֣һ꣬ȻγɵĻǡһǿаѻǴС˵ʮҪУͬҪǣ˵Ļǻ޵ĻǶɣͬȲϵǱԽǿҲԽ
Ȼֻǣƶڣȴȴر
γɵĻǣʹͣûȫǻۣҲҪǿƵڵҪ󣬱ϾʩչԷӵ󡣶ǿƵڵĻǣ߶ЩųԣʹݵٺãҲԷӳȫ
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ȻвͬʮڿǿмǣȴУǼǣ޷ɹһ𺦡ƾޣܳһʶĻǡ
ѵʱ䣬Щ˵޷ǵָһ˲ˡ
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ôһɵͷˣɲŻԵ޹ʶԼ֣бضԭ򡣸߹ڵʱҲˣֻǲףƬʱôܵԼﺰɱˡ
߹û˵վԭأʯһ㡣
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ڸ߹ⱳŻ֪ʲôæʶɨ
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Ȼ͵ǰĺˣУҪϡ١
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߹̾Ϣһƺһ̾Ϣࡣ̧ͷһֿۣ˵ʦλǰλ𣿡
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ȻҲгƺѵˣ֮٣һ㶼ǱʿŻƺ
߹⼴ʹٱҲ֪ǰ˲ǻʦܣԷΪȻԼϵǿһ֮±Լ⻹㣬ղųֵʱʹǧڶԷǰȴһ
Ͷ˼£ȴ֪λش˵ǣӴǱߣߵĻȴôҲ޷˵ʱ˵ǣǰеŬ׷ˣһҧȥߣͷǣС
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߹΢΢һ㶣֪˵˵ƣ˵˳ԶԷΪ϶ỹԼȻѵһı֪ȴ֪࣬к;˸֮١
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ڸ߹ⲻ֪λشʱУһһŮ֮֡
ӰһߣӵѣʦһСƶˣ˵֪ܷ񻹸ʦܡ
˵ţһߵĸ߹⣬ֿ룬ûлش漴˵Ը黹Һʦֶر
벻ÿɷĵͷʵ֪˵ʲôСƣСкܶࣿ
΢΢һ㶣Ц˵ЦˣСôкܶأ
벻ףѵԷռƵİãǱͻƣ뵽ͻȻʲôּһ䣬ѣˣ˵Ŀɲƺ֮Ķ


267 Ƕ
ƣ򣬿ԴϢߡ
߿࣬ȴ֮һ˼䣬һȴ硣
˼Ϊƣȴ򡣳˳ƺϵĲ⣬ĴռҲྶͥ
Ķȴ֮Ķࡣ۸˵ȽϰЩʿǻʹơΪϣ˵׻ãϾ嫵ĿռڣԴḻһЩϣдƲ
Щ޵ߣ˳Ƶ⣬總ЩͿѾꡣڵλãȽԶּϹڻҥԣɽ棬ֱЩſ
󣬲ɽ縺Ҳ𣬶һЩļ帺
Щÿһ󣬶Իһʾ޴档ǰɱ֮ˣһʹߣ˿󣬸ȡһĴͷѣϧ˻ûȫòͱɵˡ
ϵĴΪûշѣԭܼ򵥡
һǣЩһС塣
˽Ҫշѣ㿴˳ȥҪǮ
ȻǺǡ֮ĹϵʵϾˡ
뵭Цһ£漴ϰ׹һһɫƳУ𣿡
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Կ϶ǶɵơΪɵƣͬʯɫͬǺɫǸȴɫʥʹõΪ׺ɫǺдףдڵ֡
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뵽ӵûҴ˰ɣ
ʼʱע⵽һмлŮӣһֱŵ棬ǵ׳ʱĿǶµĲŮӦ˵ѡ
˵Ψһĺôڱʵԣһ𰸺֮
лŮСƣҼ޻Լϡ
ֻ벻ףԷ֪Լֻ֪˵һط
ĻԭѿɫøѿˣһɫѣȻ˵ûУеĴóһΣ
֮УȻǿǻʹǬȴûм
Ȼˣǲ֪뻹ǬЩռڡ
Ӳû뵽һ㣬ֻǰ˲ȽٳΪôӵɽ綼ûж֪ǬǬǱʹõ԰ѴռУȫϢֻҪ˲óû˿Է֡
ǣ˵ΪѾﵽľ磬һۿߺ˵ĵ
ͬȼ£Ҳ޷Ҳ˵޷һǬ
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ֻǿռѷڼ棬ãޱ߼ʣȻҵļ޽ӽ㣬һЩʡ
ʵ뻹ûѶռΪؽ䣬һ˿Դ򿪵ĴУûжٶֻһЩճҪԼһЩҩĵҩҪЩֵǮĶȫؽڡ
ӵĻ붼û룬ˬĴһǼԣҪһЩ
ô˵Ϊ˲˻ɡ˵һЩ֮Ķµֹ˿ϸϢڽ׵ʱõֶΡ
ӵ˵ͷشԣ
ʩչ˼󣬱ѴԸӣ棬ǿɣ
ӽӹʶ̽Уɫȴһٱ䣬ӿʼľȣĺ棬ٵǾϲȴ̰־塣֮һŶߵĸ߹ʵûҪĶҪҪ
߹˵ӹԺһ㶣ͻȻ˵Сĸϵģôôö
һЩҩĺ͵ҩһЩͷȻƺͿʯ
ӵˣϵ޵ߣûмɣԺôһϵĶٵĿ봢ڵĶⱲӶûмԸ߹ŻΪЩĶ
ЩʵֻľţһëؽĶó֪Щ˻θ롣
ˡ
Ц˵ǲӦûˡ
߹һ㶺󣬰ѴԸ룬Ǻܱߵӣһ̰Ͳᡣ
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ӵĳǸ֪ڲʱЦЦ빰ֵѣһᡣ
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ﰵһ̾û뵽ԸѴo˿Ҫ֪޵߻ߵĴܣⶫײ˿ǱҪʱ򣬸ܸϵ£Ҫ˾͸Ļ޴档
ǻ˱˿϶ܸȴںһǴûʲôöһԽˣʲôûǰ뷨һǹƨǵ⣬ûϣΪⲻǳвﻹǿԽܡ
Ƕϡ
֪ǶԷִҪûа㷴أﲻϵ룬ʲô취ĻǶ͸ˣǼʹɱңҲò
ЦһΪһĻ㲻˵ʵһǧְ취ãܡ
һɱ⣬ȻѾãǻó̳ƷԷĿʡ
£Ѵ䣬Ҫȥ
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ʱʧɫʶĺ㾹Ȼ
ٴһЦɭȻǲóھͰȻĻǣ֪ͬǶ䡣
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ڿлһߣ£ۿҪ߹ϣһ߹ǰһץסеĸ߹ʦܣⶫұܰɣǷϣָʲôʱŪأ
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ЦһʵܸңΪУ𣿡
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˵ţһ̽߹ȥͬʱǹճһЦݣֻҪ߹ȥãͻ˲֣ʩչɱ͵ϮԷ
ף
ӵָչڵĶɫһ䣬æת򻨵ȥŭˣѶó


268 
ӰһûӵĻǶǰϾңҪĶھ͸㡣
ôҲ֮٣ղѾӵпɱ⣬ʹѶ˶ԷԶԷΪҲһ
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޵߿ԷΪĲĻ޵ǵһǵڶǵ
񣬱һֻҪΪߣǷǵϵһ⣬ǿ˵ͬ٣ֻҪսȥΣյ飬ǵ߿㡣
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ʦɣûУ˵ˣʹϸ߹⣬ʦҲδʤˡ
ȴһۿԷ˸߹İ˼ղóʱӺ͸߹⾪ȵɫǸ߹Ǿ仰ûţһǿı˸һǿͨ򲻿ܽȥôãû֡
УͬˮĻ岻˼
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߹㶣̣û嵽ôˣеһƣȴƵСƺŭʦܣǶȥˣΪ͵͵˶Ҳ֪
Щɵɵʮֿɰ
ӵСƣȻЩƣǣΪûа
ʦܵĻŭɶʦ֣㵽ɵǼɵôľ룬Ϊ࣬͵ΪܿǶһƷˡ
ŭһ֣СˤڵϣžһΪء
߹˵ͷÿɷ˵ҲԣǶİ
ǸʦֱּͷҪûָ򻨵ǸУ
˵ţһߵɣе˼ԶǾ˼ʶһЩҳ֣ʱ
ᣬæֵλ»Ҫˡ
߹æ˵УûҵҪĶǰ˭Ҳߡ
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˵ţȸ߹ش𣬱㻯Ϊһٷȥ
߹ŭһҪ׷ȥȴ¶һЦ⣬ʶľòף߷ߵһ䣬ӵʦܣղΪʲôǸһȥ
֪ʦһӹӣʦܵĶ֡
ЦЦûлش𣬶ǵʦܣһ޹ؽҪˣ߾ǡ
߹һ޹ؽҪǶô죿
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ͿϣԻԸ񣬲ܶ󡣵ûпܣϷֻĿ޽ӽ㣬ϾǵΪ̫ͣʹƣҲһ
֮⣬ӻ˸֣ɷߵɲǣʶڶԷϣֻҪԷһһһʱ׷ȥ
Ӱһڴ֮ڣӰѾˮ͸ղǲĴ֪ô죿ĵӣ¶ԷǵΪ»ûʩչͱ˸ˡ
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һ֣Ȼ֪ʲôطȻȻ뵽ʵڿ
ԭ׼֣ղŹֳνӣڸʩѹ˵ек
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ǽǰʱӰһһץǽСһͷŶеĽ˲ʧûгֹһ
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赭дĻԼĽӵһɶԷûΪϾʶΪԵΪɣȵʩչͬȾ߿廯ġ
ʵ˽Ϊߣ廯⣬סǶ˼ʱ򣬾֪ߵľˣ𺳣׵ķͬΪӶӡ
˵ڶɽΪͬȼ£ÿû˵
ԷΪ߳Լȴ赲ƼһЩˡ
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˵һ£ѣˣΪһ֮Լ


269 
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ޱϲƺûа˷
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֮һΪԵ̺Ӵ˵ڵΪʩչƷɼˡˣŻ˴ͷƴķѾʧÿһΪ
뿴ʱ򣬾֮ģȻûмжϣӦһסԷûж٣ƷԷһûУһõ
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ߣȻ壬Ͼ޵ߵһ֡
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а;ͬ顣
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ߣͬҪڣֻ޷ֳ壬ǴڷֳһԪˡ
ڣԪĽһ𣬲ֱ˴ˡ
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Ͼ޵ߵޣǲڶעϣһʧܣֶûɣԪϾʱ򣬱Ϊһ̡ʶǧûߺ߲棬ǷǳԵ˶߲ɵͲͣա
Ůжӵ£ͬҲһߣϧȴǵһԵʶҲ޷ֻܵս
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Ϊߣȫߣϰˣ߱Ϊ޵ߵһͳơ
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Ҫ֪һΪ򵥣һЩѾɢ漣ˡ
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ڣϣǹճһЦݣ𽥱׹һһ鼫Ϊͨİɫľͷľͷ磬˼䣬ֻҪȥ˼޵߶֪ǷΪİ׹ľ
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ϸȥῴѪһɫС㣬֣ƺʱʧ
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˿̣ս쳣ңΪеĪڻˡ
ʮɫ˸ײʱһЦ
ʱûעʵܵʱûܣעųϵһһ
𿴻ᣬʵҲһǧ꣬һǧѺܶ鶼ļΪ͸
ֳ棬Щ˶ȫսʵǶһʶԼϣ͵͵ܣЩ˱ضԥɱοڣѾ˱ˣѾûüֵˣ֪һŵܷá
һν࣬룬ῴ
ʩչѪնʱһݡϵ
ϵ񻯵һ⣬Ѫն֮ڣĲϣûз֡
ľ˵ԭľϵһˣϵȥ˶ԷԪ
ԪһȥԷҲǣʹ͵ϮҲ޷ɹ
ˣϻףһԵֵκιľ
һһڵذ׳Уذ׷ǽ񣬲֪úֲƶɣҲûκιȦƺͨذ׵ӸΪ֣ͬذײͬȴһСĳ
ذҲãСҲգ˿УΪʲôǱʲôˡ
ذһα׷ɱʱӵһɽڵõĶ
ҲûϣⶫĿֲ䱦һֱСı档
ۣⶫȴʮֺãרԪҲ˵ذǴ̵Էϣ۶ԷΪԸߣʶҪˣɱһڵǿߣǿذ״֮󣬾ȻԪɢˡ
Ǵ֮ҲûùذףõĴ˱֪ǿĵˡ
һΣȴһɱԷ
ȴǸԭֵðյĴζӵеĺ鵤ҩġ
ŷѪ콣ɭȻһЦݺݵСӣһΪɱ㣬Ҳֵҫˡ
ȥľϵӰһŲƶȥգۼ󡣼ûκζһϲеذȻ¡
һ̣סˣΪذͣ·ϣζ޷֡
Է·ϣһӴ޷̽
ɫһ䣬һѪ˳ذϡ
ذմ䣬Ϻâһ˵죬ɢһԻص
ͬʱǹҲʧ
ɫ԰ף¶֮ɫδȥǵѪǿЦһɭȻغСӣȥɣ


270 սʤ뿪
ɫһΪӵذ׸Ʋ׵ķԸղţȴܵһвΣϢæͺһף֡
ֻϰ׹һɫذ״˲䣬ϡ
һذ״̽ϣȴ׵
һĻ΢΢һ㶣
漴ЦһɭȻʹӵȱҲҪ
˵䣬һ㣬е뵽ذڡذ׷·һ޵׶ƾûһ㱥͵ӡ
ϣ׹Ŀ£ȫķ
Ǵ˿̣ɸӦǹɻԵϢ
ָоԽԽԤУȥضذ¡
ոʩչ뿪ȴȵķ֣ûʩչذƺжһ㡣
ǱߣаնҲľϵǰľϵһĿ־֮ɫҪӶݣȴ޷ƶ塣
ʶľϵϣʹǿʩչҲӲаն׷ɱ
˵ľϵͲóԶ޷ͬϵȡ
֮⣬ϵڻӵн飬رﻹһôӵ߰ѱϵӵ󻯡
ѪĽȻɹľϵϣԷеĿ־ԽԽأޱȾУ屻ѪⶴľϵѪն֮ߵֽһ㵹ɶһѪ
ӦľϵˣеɱŨǿжϺľϵ֮Ӧͺȥɣɢ
΢ذ׾ֱ̽ϵУɫĻ׳һƣۿҪ顣
ͬʱǽϵѪնʧ˲䣬Ҳľϵ
ϵһ룬ľϵչ˷깥ӵн飬ϵνͬ޵Уľϵ쳣ɵƿ˶Էķգۼľϵʶڡ
һƬɫĺǳһĹâɢŵ̹⡣
̹⣬ÿһһʶڵ뷨
ϵ̹⣬ȴӦڵĽ飬ҵһֿʶԺпٻص
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뷨һ֣δȥϵ㻯ΪһЩ̹ɶȥ
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̹սڣ㱻գ˲еʣתΪԪ֮
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ԷϵĻ׳ֵƣᶨֻҪٸһЩʱ䣬ܰǰСӸɵǾʱԺдһʹȻһ
ԭϾӦľϵٴıȡϵϵ֮󣬸Ӧľϵٴβذ׵ǣһɷŭϢ˲ͷŶСӣ
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ٶȥò˶೤ʱ䣬ľϵҪ
ǲľϵȥֻ֮һ취ǾɱԷ
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ذڿлһֱߣڵϣ
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֪ԷʲôɱŻɽʱʱ̿̽Уز磬ˡ
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û˵ʲô̾Ϣһϵڿٵţһߵߣ罹̿һ壬ʩչһˮϵٵĻָƬ̾Ͱ쳣һӤ
ڴͬʱϵҲȫʧ嵹ˡ
ǰ૵˵һ仰ˣһŻʲô˼
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̾ϢһͻȻˣһ־ֱüᶨ
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߹վԭأûбɫ쳣ƽǶˣֵ˰ɣ
΢΢һ㶣漴ʵ㲻
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ЦЦͻȻһһῼǷŹ㡣
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߹ظڴӦԺһûѣûţܸ˭ôΨһһ˼ͬŵʦֻûɵˣ˵ȥ߱ˣ˵ҲûŰɣ
Էɵӣ벻һЦɱ߹⣬ΪԷһɵв
߰ɣ
һ֣Ը߹
߹мĿһۣͺڿһ㡣
ӰһԾ߿գΪһīʧڲ֮ϡ
˿ֻ̣ʣͻˡ
û뺰ߵǰֵǰлл㡣
һͷǽ˶ԷһлѾɱˣӦò뿪˰ɣ
Ǹ߹ȻûɱΪԻвЩһɵӣʲô¸ӣʹСƭѡ
ȻѾӦλشҡͷǰϣܴ뿪
ûʱŶԷܣɫһȥ
û뵽ǹش˸ɴ࣬һҧǰֻҪ뿪ȥﶼС
֪̫ΪѶԷһԷˣҲûκΰ취
ûлش𣬶üͷһ£ʵ֪ʲôط𣿡
Ȼ֮Ҳʵںδʱޡ
һ漴ȥǰ֪ʲôطȴȥˡ
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뿴Żʵ


271 
Цһǰ֪½ϡ
벢֪ʵںδ
شκδ½ϣڴ½λõɽϡ
ɽ
õһŵĵλȷʵһɽɽʲôΪβںһ½ȴö֪뵽ԻɽΣ𣿡
Ķ׾پܽȥġ
ǣĻش뾪Ȳѣֻ̾Ϣһ˵ɽΧûΣգ˵һЩʮޣǷĴڣ֪ɽΧֻҪƣκ˶ܽȥ
˵һתּûΣգΧȴΣޱȣûһΪǲҪȥ˵ΧǿߣרŴɱӵƵߣǵõԺ󲢲ɽڣ
ͷҿһ»ãҪȻóȻǰȥһᱻɱ
ȴΪǰֻһ취Ǵӡ
뵽벻̾ϢһʮˣӦûɽˡ
һ֣һӴͷŶŻƿնȥ
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Ų֮ľˣԼ˰ʧǻͻȻǰȥɣ
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һ·ϣ뾯ĿΧʶȫɢˮ͵Ϯڵһʱ뿪ǣһ·Ϸƽ˾δˮޣʹҲûһڨ
һ㣬Ϊ֣ϾңڱĴ½ٶᱦ洦ɼ½ΪһûУûж룬Ǽӿٶȣһָо½Ϻʲôˡ
Ų֮ʩչ˼ޣʱ䣬ɽĿϡ
ɽͬߵʱûʲô𣬾뼴ڵʱɫһ
Ϊ֣ߵʱõ󷨣ʱȻɶˡ
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ΪΪӰһһ¡
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ΧĶȫͬ뿪ʱһ𣬶סǸϵ󷨾Ȼʧˡ
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󷨽оȻûôǿҲʮ˵á
ڣ벼òǧʯȻ˼ʯǧΣҲʮ־ˡʹڵǿҪȥҲһ򵥵¡
ûʱȥӰһڣûսĺۼڵһڶһˣˡһɫüΪӰһ뿪
˿̣໨Ϊʮδ뿪ɽһ
ʮΪѴﵽ˼޵Ķ壬ʹ룬Ҳһս
˵սĽȷ໨ţϴܵĶˡ
໨һȴӦ΢΢һæ˭
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ڴһӰȻһң
໨ϳ˶ԷݣЦһʲô
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໨΢΢һ㶣Щʵϱһʲôûһ𡭡
һ˯֣û˵ȷе˵ǲ˵Ϊ˵ʱ򣬸Ӧɢһɾ˵ɱɱϴսʱҪŨࡣ
ߵĻı໨ȥ໨һҲ֪ЩҶû뿪벽
˵໨ɻɱϱѵϱ˹˲ɣ
ɱƺһս֮໨Ϊȡ֡
ҪǱ˹ˣҲż뻹֪
ڣ䲻໨Ȼû̬ȣһû뿪
⻰ֱǷϻΪ붴ʱоڵԣûаûŵļȻʮû˽
໨ɲ˵ˣûϵɱ֪ɱ붯ִˣȻ϶벻ɱˣԷĳġ뵽໨æ˵ûУһֱȥʱ˰ɣ
ֻϣǰɱܿ뿪
ͬһᣬ໨оܲڣһεѹϡ
ָоֽű䣬ֲֿʱڶԷһ
ûж˵ʲô໨һۣת뿪˶
ȥ໨һһЦΪʮͬԷһƴ֮û뵽ǰֵĶûУ治֪ɱʮ궼ʲôôǿɱе治֪жˡ
뿪໨ڵĶ󣬽ȥеĶ
Щڣ˼СͲסį뿪ζ⣬඼ڡ
뷢ЩСһǱһεԶ
ʮС޵ľˣԶӦҲɣ
ʹҲߣСȥأ
ʧ٣ԶҲɽڣѵ֮Ҳʲôϵɣ
һʱ뵽ˮޣ⣬½ûǹκˡ
ʹɱˣ˵ΪߣҲ֪ڵĵĵط
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Ӱһ뿪˶һ̱ˮϡ
һأԳУһɱͷŶϵ·޷·ɪɪ졣
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мľˣΧĵ涼΢΢
ֱþõˮϻصƽ˾ûа쳣
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죬ûлӦֻ߻صص
һ׼ؽ䣬Ͳţؽ޷ڰСʱڰеĺˮꡣ
ۣʹҪ˺Ҳ޷˵ͬ춷οһˮޡ
˷Ϊɱ֪ǷˮС
ˮ뼴ʹƴҲҪǲڣʩչѪŲ뿪
ڼؽʱһӺˮﴫ롭
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ˮϣ˻ڣһӰˮڿС
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Ӱһǰ
΢΢һЦſ˫ۣɵǰ󣬱һѱڻ㷢ȥˣ
ƤһЦر룬Ƥ˵Ժұ棬һֻôʨӣ˵ˮޣҲţʹⲻҸղֻʨأˣҳ㡣
һЦһǰذͻȻУ󣬶ųĺȻȥ


272 ɱ
ذ壬Ȼһ
ٰγذףӰһʮ֮⡣
ɫ԰ף룬ŵɫʧĺΪʲôҪôң
Уˮڴתղ˵ʹĵʣ󣬶ܸо졣
Цһ·ûпһ㣬㻹Ը¶ģ𣿡
һС㡣
ΪĿһۣûлָԭģǵηֵģ
뾯ĿŶԷԿ϶ǰ˲ǳˮ޵ķһһʱ򣬲¶ղŵɫҲ˵Ļ
Ǹģ˵ͷʵǵڶأ
ղţذײʱоԪһǰһ±ضҪˡһĲǱ𣬶ʮ֮һֻʮûȫʶǰѱһʶڷơ
ǴΣȡѡ֮ˮʱˮ޵ıĹؼʱ̣Ҫֹͣ뿪ΪкܴӰ졣ӦֻжȽڵΪ󣬱÷ǰȥֻǽֻмʶķûɱ룬˶顣
ˮ޸Ӧ˺󣬷ŭˣץ˳
ҵ뵽һȱʮꡣ
죬ˮ޸ӦǸ˷ǰ󣬲ûɱ룬ڶԷİСֻУоʹĵζˮҪĽû뵽ԷȻһ㷢ˡ
Цڶղںϵʱһ˲ǳı£ڵƣ޷ô졣
ˮ޿Цһҵʧ󣬻𣿡
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Ȼˮ޶һ£ȷʵҵķֻڳڣûγѪ塣
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ˮ޿ӣΪ޷ܵجģˣһϲѾˡ
ղûбذˣʮİ˶ԷذףЩɵʲôطһֻһʱ벻
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ɱΪģɢţԲʮڣɱĵطľ˲ήûа·һ˼һսһѪޣԼǺصڶߡ
ˮ޿ɲǣãȻһ⣬ʲô
ȻʶܸӦһµϢǱǽˣʹΪٸߣҲҪҷ
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ˮޣɱ⣬˫۱Ѫ죬·ʱܵγѪ
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⣬໨һüͷ԰ҸղˣΪʲôûأ
뵽һɽȥ߳ɽȣ㿴ˮ޶һĻʱŴ͡
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໨ͷһˣЩڵϡ
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ˮﾪ֪û뵽Ȼ̶ֳȡ
ҿ϶Ҳ޷ͬɫ濹⣬ͬɻҲеһƴ
ˮ꣬Ȼƽİ취æϵ飬ͺȵˮ첨
һɫĲ˴г֣ٵɫֱ¡ˮºɫ˼֡
һĻˮһҿЧ治֪ڶʱڽˡһҧˮڵȫͷˮ첨ֻҪɫ棬ĽΧŤռ䣬ʱصϣԷҲ޷֡
ˮţῴЦһʶһˮϵˮ޵ȥ
Ȼˮϵ޷ͬˮʩչ⣬ڱϾˮ飬ر£ֻΪ̫࣬ЧնԷڵˮֻһһûȫͣ뿪ӣֱذ׹һ£ΪҲ߲˶٣ֻоż޵ľ磬һȶʱ䡣
оԷΪɱԼһֱ˾УóǿĹ
뱾Ҳһȭԣеһ
аն
а콣
аѣ
ɱУͬʱͷŶǿĹ£ʹڵǿߣҲһս
һѪɳֱˮĻϣֻһһĴָСĽ׳֡
⽣׸һ֣ΧĻƺƺҵйһ㣬С
ֻǣˮ޵ͺһһˮĻͷŶֵĽ롣
ʹˣĻȥˮĻˮ޵ϡ
湥ˮ޵ٴһϵȻԭż޶Ϊ˲ڰ˼޵ʵ
ˮ޾֮ʱٵѪĽ
žણžણžડ
ˮڴϵˮĻϵԽԽһˣ
һˣڶˮĻ˰ʱ䣬Ҳһˡ
ͬʱƺȻˮޣаѽ


273 ǿ
ʱ˿̣ɽе໨һ૵ɱҲ̫̬˰ɣȻҪɱˮ޵ķѵˮ޵ı𣿡
ΪͼʶȻܿˮ޲Ǳ𣬷ԵΪ޷ɱݺˮޡ
ʹˣɱˮ޷Ҳ࣬ʹЩǿҲ
໨ΪˮеһЦһɱȷʵⱲӿ¶ʤˡ
һŵʱͻȻûˡз·һɽһ޷ԽĴɽ
ˮߣŭһǿʩչŲ֮
ЦһٴͷųƣΧŤĿռøһռѷ졣޵߶ֻ֪йﵽһ̶Ⱥ󣬲ֿܳռѷ죬µΪռѷ켫Ϊ־壬˺ֻҪ̤Уʶ˲䱻ƣҲڱ紵Ƭ
ÿռڲѷ߼٣ֻ
ˮΪȴȵķ֣뾹Ȼˡ
ռѷ죬ˮҲ̤УȻֻһݶ𣬱ضܵӰ졣ʶˮ޴˼ʩչŲƵ뷨ŭŷѣСӣɱϷĺҶҪ㡣
ڿУͷ޷أƮ˫Ѫ죬Զħ
Цһûˮ޵Ļ˿ֻгңѵڲɱ㣬ͻŹ𣿡
Цɲţˮ޵ı˻ŹԼ֮Ʒʱв
벻ţĵһ׷ɱԼʩչѪŲ뿪
ˮ޷֮ϣȫֵʹˣΪһٵ䡣
ţаˮǰС
ֻˮ޵ʹĺСӣұضɱ㡣
ѿԻһЩʹԷΪߣҲ
벻ţˮڵΪͬѿ⡣
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ˮ룬æ˵ҵĶ
ˮϵǱߣˮ첨̺ȫˮϵգôˮϵΪһЩ
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һգУʧһƴСԪС
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סԪϣֻϼӿһ޴ͻȻ֡
һ֣ΧĿռʱѹоЩѡ
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Ҫ֪ʧ󣬿ٴۣԪٴ۳һԪȴҪϺܴĹ
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һôˮ޵뷨УȰ
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ЦһΪҸߣȷ
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һѱסӰˣ漴һӣбֹԪ˳ȥ
ˮʶһԪӰһǰЦһķ׷˹ȥٶȿľˣգ֮䣬ǰͺһ񡣡
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ɫһ䣬ӦΧĿռ޷ʩչŲ֮ƭҡ
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ˮ޵ĻЦˣڵľŸ˲ͬںһ
ҪʩչǿֻҪлڶԷĹѡ


274 
ŴںһʱоһɻԵڲ
ǻ֮
ϢأԹǿ
ˮ޸ӦȻһʲôϢ
Ȼ֪֪Ϣ
رųЦץסҲûôףһḶ۵ġ
ǰ׹һ籮׳ͺһ졣
죬˵ʮ󶥽֮һӵл籮;˲ʩչ
籮õ֮һֱûʹãΪʹôҪһĴۡ
ڵΪ㣬ֻжɽٳڣȻоǿǰ˲ʧȥȫԪʩչԪҪһЩڵΪҪٰꡣ
ʵﵽɼʩչʮ꣬ʩչһЩˣԪ
һڵĺЦˣʲôܾ۵һˡ
Ǹʱ򣬾Ȼ˺Ļû뵽һ֡
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ĸоڵԪڿٵļ٣ΧҲӡ
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һһӵķ籮Хһˮ޷ȥ
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ת֮䣬ǻ籮׷ˮޣսȥڡ
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ÿһΣΧĿռ䶼òʮκڱɶˡ
һϲӿٶȣˮ޵ͻȻ
ˮɫ԰ףҡҡλΣ·ʱڵϡ
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ˮ޵ͺһǸķ⣬Ŵȫ֡
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ŲƵļޣŲƵıԵչ
ˮ޵ΪȷʵȻʮ޵Ϊ˴ŲƵıԵ
ŲƺŲ֮䣬ֻһ֣ʵȴر
ŲֻǷΧƶŲƣǴΧƶһڵѶΧתơˮڵΪҲֻתƼ˰ˣ˵Щɾӣ֮ܰһɽǿߡ
ӣӵס
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뿴һΧһУЦһڳϣᣬô
ҡͷشû¡
˵꣬ʼңΪ̫ͣҲץסңҲʩչҡ
ʩչʱ򣬳Ҳʩչͨ
ĻһůЦôܹأǸʨӵΪ̫ߡ
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΢΢һЦô£ǼһΪôߣҺ޲ÿ뿪
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󷨵ֱʺ֣Ϥĸоȥ룬벻
Կ϶˼󷨣Ҳ󷨣Щɽ󷨡
ǸղϤĸоΪʲôأ
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۶֪˭²ǻѣʹʶ˶ԷҲָԼˡοԼûϵҲ֪ԼʹԼߣҲܡ
ЦһߵǰҪƵҩһ
ͷ룬ҪʲôҩﻹһЩ鵤
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鵤ֵȼ˼ǵͽ׵ҩн׵ҩɽıǸ߽׵ҩ
ͽ׾鵤һöһⵤҩºȫҿԴӰٴΡ
ȷʵӰٴΣضⶫɽڶ߷ԺΪҲȫָ
ˮߵʱ˵Ȼ룬һ´ûгֹʹķҲûһΡ
֪ˮ˼أûʮ²ָˡ
ʹû˻籮ˮڣԪ٣̫⣬ûˡ
ƺþ鵤˳ö˵ʲôҪ
߳ŰɣԺûˣҪ
ôһӹ˾鵤룬Ũ࣬һʱɣ
ʱ򣬾ͷôһ˵ͷãɣ
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תۼ䣬ʮʱѾȥӶȽٴﵽ˶ȽڴԲľ硣
룬ҲŬ£ͬΪ൱
˶ֻһ߱ͻƣڵڲѣֻҪʱ㹻ԡ
һգԺ⣬һ׹ˮ޳
һˮɽԺڣ˶һЦʹûãǣǶ
˵ʱɫһҲܾ¶Է
ˮʱѾϵǸˣò˶ͻᵽ
˴ǰˮޱ֪ͨͳ׼


275 
Ӱһˮͳǰˡ
ʮˮ޵ѾָǴ˵ʵ̫أʹָΪȴٽһÿ뵽ϣһĪŭ
ҪСӣҲ
ǲҪǰˣˮͰ˺Ƭˡ
ͳ۾վ
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˵ͷʵûȤǰֻʨӶ˵ȥʵʲôʱڲذɣһҪأ
ˮ΢΢һ㶣ΪĿһۣʱ仹ϣ
ͻȻǰһ仰΢һº󣬵ǿ֮ܳΪǿߣΪǰѱʱϡ
ˮһֳɻɫֱĿ룬ʵ⻰˵ģ
⻰ȻЩر𣬵Ҳˮ޵ôķӦһ£ô𣿡
ˮûлشΪʱǸˣҲ˵Ļ
һ⣬˵Ŀһģһ
ɺҲˣˮ֪˺һҲǾ
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ˮҡҡͷûмȥʵˣܿɡ
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ЦֻˣɱѲɻɱ
һЦɱᰴҵĻȥ𣿡
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Խ˵ԽȻƽǻɽǰס
Ҳ£ûҪĻ

һֱѹĵķŭ˱ıԵû뵽һССߣȻô˵Ȼҵ£ֻҵūˮް㽻ҵʱһжҹܡ

Ц·һ㡣
ŭӣҲ΢΢һ㶣üЦʲô
Цʲô
ֺӣ漴˵Ц
һΣ㶣ŭΪʲô
ӣɫ޵֮ˣҵԼκˣ
⻰ӵ΢΢һ£ƺ뵽ʲôһ׷֮ɫҲҲüãҲѹһĸղŵ̬ȣ˵˵ĲУûеֵ
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˵ǰһܾĻ
Ǵһ˿׷Цݣ˵һҲû뵽Ļֲңô֪Ҳ֪ûֵأ
һΣֵ뾪ȣΪĿһۣô֪仰
ţ⻰ǶԷʱġ
һһһһʣóͿˡ
ǸղǾ仰·ƿһ㣬֪˵ʲô
ûлشĻ̧֣Ѷͷϵһۣ漴ڿԸңĸ˰ɣ
ɻش֪
ɫ˱䣬漴ָֻ뿴һᣬʵĲ֪
ͷ϶˵֪
˵꣬ͻȻʲôֵô⣬ֵһˡ
ӾȵĿһ㣬ûж˵ʲôǵͷãһ⣬ֻҪ֪һʵش㡣
ЦˣǹճһЦݣʵʲô֣
٣
Ȼû뵽ôʣ΢΢һ㶺󣬱ػش
ҲɽУ˶ĳƺ
ٴʵ
ӡ
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276 
ĸ֣Ȼһ
ǰŮӣȷʵһ½ϵӣΪʲôһͨϡ
һܵųԺУôҲ벻ס
ʱʵѾشˣһ⡣
˵ͷ˵ɣֻҪ֪£һ㡣
ӵУѾκɱˡ
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룬ƾղǾ仰
ɫһͻȻʲôʶ񣿡
ղǻǰĻǻдǰļ䣬пҲһǴԽˡ
⻰ӵһâҲʶ񣿡
벻ÿɷĵ˵ͷǸûлش𣬶Ƿʵͻʲô֮ʲôϵ
Ӳûлش𣬶̧ͷգһ׷֮ɫò˵»Ҫǰ˵ʱҺһֻһɽڵߣΪһе޵һɽ硣
ǸʱıҵһС
˵һ˵òͨûаΪΪ˺ܺûаӣʱΪҲһߣֻΪˡ
Ӽ˵ţ˵ţ·ߵһС
ͬһҺܿģŸְ취Цʹκ飬˵һΣҷ¶ĴһЦʱΪߵˣҸΪŮˡ
Һʱ䲢ֻ꣬ҴӶȽڣһֱߵɵʵȻΪɣûʹΪҰһ顣ֻǾãܺһͺãʲôܿġ
ҲǸʱˮޣΪ
ұΪǻһֱôһ𣬵һΣһɾǣɾ޵еĴڣɽǿߣһֲ֪̿ɾΪǵʱȴɾ쳣Ĺǰ˼
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ҵΪҲﵽɾڵΪ뿪ɽ磬ûһǿдԽռҵһǸϣҸӦһ˿Ϣҵ֮Ϣȴʧˡ
һϣлϢܹУ
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̾Ϣһʱѵѵֻʣһ˿ԪѵĲҪ𣿡
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277 
⻰㶣ӣҲҵˡ
΢΢һЦֱĿ룬ֱ벻ʱ򣬲ſ˵ǲ϶һ˿Ԫһ޷ıģҲǲܸıġӵݣҵ£ѵ𣿡
˵Ӷһ£ЩǿӲҲ֪ɽӵɾĵȼֻͬҪңͿԳΪһ֮£֮ϵˣɽû˵Ҷһ£һɵʱΪﵽɾ硣
һǳˣȴЩʩĸо
벻ҪʩᣬҲҪ˸ʼվûϰߣǰɱҲãһ޵ҲգʵǿԼŬġӵĻ뼸ǶûУ˵߰ɣҲӦġ
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ŭӣʲôӣǻŮˣҲĻҲĻǿҲУҾԼκˣʲô飬Ҫʡ
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ӴɫĻϣâ΢΢һΡţԽڵĵطΪģһѿ
Ļ飬ﾪȲѣȴκα飬һ֮㷵ص룬ΪȻ⹥ȷʵ㻹ʩչڶ𣿡
һеϵɱҲ࣬ʩչڶΡ
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ӵȻһЦ޷֣͸һɽɣ
˵ţҪ
ʱǰ׹һһУ޿ֵضӵ㿴ʲô


278 ǧ
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ⵤҩƿ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦҶĶûȤ
ĶʹٺãҲòȥ벻һɽڵߣӵɱҲӵ̫õĵҩ켶ĵҩΪС
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ŵҩ㣬ӵ岻ܿƵһ漴ʵʲôҩ
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ˮ⸱飬Ȼȷˮ޲ҶԼ֡Ȼ֪ǵʲôӦˮ޵ãȻˣһЩӵҲˣ뵽ٴʵղŮĽʲô֣
ˮ޼ƺӣʱɴ۾㡭㺰ʲô
ɫһҪҺʲôֻҪشҵˡ
ˮ֪ܷԷֻʻûʲôֵҪǵӣɽͬɾĵλͬ
ģ
ʵӵŪԷûƭ
ˮ޻شҿʱΪڵ࣬һӣرһбƷҡԺҾͳӵҲ֪ʲô£еˣҲɽ磬Ҳ󷨡
Ӳõģ
һ£֪β𣿡
ˮҡҡͷشֻ֪ٿأ᲼á
βٿأ
һֱĿˮޡ
ˮޱһһ飬һʯ
һϲʯ𣿡
ˮ̾ϢһԷʵزˣǱסˣ˵ûжԷҲţϾ⻰Լšϰ׹һһͨɫʯз˳漴ݸ룬˵ֻҪʯڣܿˡ
֮ˬóΪʯӵ顣
ӹʯһۣȷѰҵʯǵʯ㻹𣿡
ˮһѵСӿ˽ʯˣܣֻһ֪ô֪ʯˮ׼һѣһҧشˣⶫֻһôܻеڶɱˣҲòڶ㡣
һӣһӡ
΢΢һЦˮ⸱ģһʯֻѾһȥҪˣǵ˵Ĳʯͨʯ㻹𣿡
ʯٰоһЩܲóԼˡ
⻰ˮһæ˵УʯȻûϣɱ˲ԽӵߣЩһڣӦвʯɣ
ǶҲòϣ͸СˣʡԺûԼʻʱ鷳˵
һ򶨵룬⻰Ҳ̲ס¶ϲɫеߣȥ


279 
ˮ޴Ժӵ󷨣ͳԺȥ
߹·һķǰ
ⷿΧͬһ󷨣ˮ޴֮󣬲ûнȥǶˣ
ͷ漴߽˷䣬
뷿ֵһĻʱ뵹һ·
˴ССɫ죬Сɽһѻһ
һۿȥûһҲаǧ
Щˮɱ޵ߣϻõĶ
ǰһ漴һʶС
ڵĶ治٣һЩҩģеҩܿ
뿴΢΢һЦûϸһ֣һͷŶСɽһĴ漴ּؽ䣬ָϹһһ޴ų֣ЩХһڷȥ
ôණһһȥ֪Ҫʲôʱõİ취ȰΧŪȻٽȥؽڹۿ
Ƭ̺ӷ߳ˮæʵˣõ𣿡
ͷȥɣĴߡ
ˮްͲ뿪أǰ˵Ļ˵ˣ㲻Ҫ뿪ӡ
֪ˮ޻õ˼뿪ǿ߹ˮ޾޷Լǵͷʱ׼뿪ʹ뿪ˣҲ˵
⻰ˮһ˸Լѿأ
һ£ˮ޾ʵûʲô˵ˣˣˡ
ˮ뿪֮Գȥؽɣ
ôˣ
Щʵ
û˵Χһ֣˵ܸоӶ̫ˣˮޱ壬ʲôҲ֪Ϊ˰ȫڼ䣬ұΧŪ
֮ĲУ֮Ĳް
ûж˵ʲôķԸȥؽڡ
ڳȥ֮ǰЩȫ򿪣һ
΢΢һЦӦ
ȥؽóʯһ󷨡
󷨿벢û߿о
Щ൱ӣɽļͬڵЩ֮ͬ
ţֻҪȫƽˣȥʲô¡
ûеʱգǿ֡
һоʱ䣬һ󷨿һδо
Լʱ䣬ˮڵĶһص׵ûп⣬󷨶ˡ
ڵصǴ벻뿪󷨲õ൱޷򿪡
һգվǰǰ󷨣üͷ⵽ʲô󷨣иоκȴһص
Կ϶Ӵе󷨣û󷨸ӣʲô޷򿪡
󷨣̺̺һѭʹϢѭͣϢ
ÿƽһЩС󣬻ûƽڶǵһٴγ֡
˹һĻʹһδʧܸա
ڣ뵽һ취ƽһ󷨵ʱһЩ棬Ӱ󷨵ѭôһȻЧûƽ٣ƽ⵽ڰ˸Сʱ򣬴һӴͷŶǿаɢĿ죬ֱ˺֮ϵǳ֮£ʹҲҪѪ
㿪ǵ󣬱ȶڵϣָĵ
һպ˫ۣɵƿһ󷨣漴óˮ޽ǸʯɿķУûǲУԥһ£籮ڡ󣬿ʼƽڶ󷨡
ڶƽ֮ǹѭϢٴγ֣ȴʯɢˡ
һƽ⡣
;Ȼмʯڵĵˣ籮ȴûʲôá
ΧһСƽ֮һɱǿӿ
ֱӰʯ˳籮ǰʱԭĻ籮Ȼͷųҫ۵ľɫââһеˣûгֹһ󣬻籮Хһƣȥ
һ죬ѣ籮С
ɴ۾Ǿ֮ɫ󷨾Ȼˣ
ɵľͱˣ뻹Ǿһ㡣
Цһ۲죬ǰ׹һʧ
ǰһţһƬһ֮ͨ֡
ͨһݣѻ籮ǰС˽ȥ
ɢѪĹâΧʯϣΧһжĿ۵ס
ûƽ棬һɽȴֱɽࡣ
Ƭ̣ͨߵ˾ͷǰһݣڲֻڷһʯ
ϷһľУľǰʶɨûʲôףһ
ľϣӴ򿪣һ
¶ʧ֮ɫô󹦷򣬾һ
ʲô


ҩ
һʶУһᣬЦ
ĶǸղЩȻ󷨵ļأ˵䡣
ڼ¼Ķȫӻʹõ󷨣ˮڵĵطΧЩȫС֮⣬һЩ¼Ŀ˵Ȼûлʲô뻹Խܡ
Щ벻ף̫ĶΪηֵطŪء
˳ȥ߳ͨ㿴ˮվǰ
ˣȥˣ
ˮȴǾ֮ɫ
ˮ¶ɫЩɻ󣬵ţȥˡ
ˮԥһᣬŵʲô
￩һ£ˮ꣬Ȼ֪ŵʲô
治֪̽ҵģ
΢΢һЦһûʲô
˵꣬ˮ޼ȥֽ˵ˣȥˣûʲô²ҡ
Ϊһ磬ԭڵǸСԺȥתۼʧ
ˮûе뿪ʧķ૵ƽ󷨵ģоôҲûͷ󷨸ƾΪĸƽ⿪Ҫ൱ߵ˽С
̾ϢһˮҡҡͷӰһҲʧ
صԺڣóˮ޵ʯڵĲ÷ΧƬ̣һ󷨱㸲ԭϡӵܲóǿˣڵ󷨻Ҫ߳һ
˵ϼأ󷨲ԼоһӸġ
һӵݲԶ겻ɢĻ񣬿ûбˡ
󷨲Ϊûһ˽裬ΪٸҲ޷ƽ⡣
֮Ϣѭһܱ⡣
뿴һΧ󷨣Цˣģǰ󣬼ʹˮǰҲ޷ƽ⡣
漴óؽ䣬һ󷨴УؽϹһһų֡
ӰһؽڣؽڿУɢŵϹ⡣
ؽڣӰһǰϲ룬ˡ
ꡣ
ǰһӵõˡ
΢΢һЦȵĲãǰѴеĶóֿۡ
һæʵֺ𣿡
صͷľǱȥҶֺˣֱڼС


280 Ƚ׼
ľǰóݸ룬еĶֿˣеҩҩģ򡭡
֮΢΢һЦҿˡ
룬˫оᣬֻҪܺһ𣬹֮¡
еĶĻ࣬ʮвʮ
ЩһǼֵǵĶû뵽ˮӵʮ˶ɱҲԣˮڲ֪˶꣬ɱʮӵʮҲΪ棬ԽΪߵˣҲսǿߡ
ЩǿߣҲսˮ޵ʱ¡
ʮԸвͬ˷Եû⣬ԵĶС
ѡ߰ѣ׼һȵԺʹá
һڣĵҩﾪˣһ۾ͿһҩƿڷŵĶȽٵҲ˵ɽ߷ô˵ҩ֮󣬿ɽڶΪ
ֵҩ뵱ҲƳһö˳á
ϧʱϲ̫٣޷Ƹĵҩû뵽Ȼˡ
ڵΪѾﵽȽڵĶ壬ֻҪһöɡ
뵽ԥǳһöݸȥһʱɣ
ӹҩ𣿡
ͷɫΪڶɽڶ壬Բֻһ߾ͿԡҴﵽͬΪʱͬʱһöȽٵʱ׽٣һȹΣ
ų
붼û룬Цġ
Ļʥּ
뿴ų߽СһЩ
˵еĶ࣬ʯѾﵽһֲ֡
һڣŵȫʯԼһ£Ȼмʮڡ
ʮڵʯκһ˵һֲˣЩļ壬ȻҲôʯҲ಻ȥ⻹㣬ҩȻ࣬һ쳣
Լɨһ򣬲ûЩ˵ʺϡ
ҩģȴǿһ£׼ƳһЩ鵤;񵤡
нҩµҲѡ
ʱ䣬ѾŴȫæµϵʩչ𣬱Ƶҩ֮Ŵæòֺһθܵ˾Ÿĺôûôæ
ʱһȥҲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ڰƳҪ
˻ϵĻ齣ͷϵķ⣬߼붼ȡ˸𺳵֡
Ƶǹľ̡ˮì顣
̬ͬѹӵ
Ƶ֣ԼȥǾħĵĵǰֲˡ
ͬʱҲһЩҪĵҩɣҰѴеĵҩһΡ
ȻЩʱõҲһǧȽٵʱ𵽼áһУΪȽ׼ϳ˾鵤֮⣬Ķ϶в١
鵤
һȭͷȽǰһҪһ˼䣬ԴŪ֡
ŪԴ֮ǰҪȥһطǱ˵δޱȣ˴ǰȥҲģֻҪɽǿߣʹڶ޵ߣǰȥʹɱ˶ԷҲһս֮
Ȼǰȥ벻׼óߣؽɡ
뵽ӴóһƿȽٵֱŸһöȻ֮С
Ŵӱһͬٶȿľˡ
һʱ䣬Ϊߵɽڶ塣ʱ䣬뻹һܣŴͬʱֻҪ벻̫Զʮ֮γһѭΧ뱾֮󣬷Ϊֱ֣ȥŴڡ
Ŵִ֮ųٴνȥڣԴΪѭγһ졣
ϾŴ𵽼ãٶȼΪֲ
Ϊһʱ䣬˱˼ʮ꣬ϰ궼顣
˿ٵûб׶ˣ̫죬Χûвʱڻᴦڿݽߵ״̬ΧһݽߣдҪĻľЩ챦ľ
ʶʼ뿪СݣһŨĵطȻȲˮҲࡣ
һ꣬Χյ߰˰ˣÿ㻻һطؽʹƬƬĻȥһͺͺɽ
ʹˣ뻹ЩۣϾԼĵ̣Ժܵһĵطе꣬Ҳһ㲻ЩԺС
뿪ؽǰڵСݣϵŨͬΧЩϵڵΪȽٺڻкܳһεľ룬һֱٶȥ뵽ȽٺڣҪʮʱ䡣
ٶȣ뻹ǱعƣǷʲô£ʮ궼δܴﵽ
սȥľݣͬʱ۾վһǰôˣ
û£
븧ų㷢į𣿡
ҡҡͷؿ룬įֻҪܺһ𣬵ﶼį
Ļߣֻһʹ漴̾Ϣһ
ദ˰ϣǻǶʱ䣬ÿ춼һ𣬶ԸΪ˽⡣̾Ϣ˲뵽Ҫ뿪룬뿪ȥɣû£
Ͷһ£ζû˵Ļյҡ
΢΢һЦϵҪ˵ΪҷĻ˵޵ģҿɲ뼸ǧ֮Ϊһѻ˴Զһ𣬾ҪŬΪﵽһԪ㣬ǸʱǾ쳤ؾõദһ𡣡
һû뵽һĳ˵ĻæѳڻرţģһŬҵΪﵽʲô̶ȣΪҲͬһһͬ١
ǰΪԼΪ룬ôҲΪ˳
ۿҪȽˣ׼ԺҪ黹кܶ࣬ﵢȥͬ˵˾;仰Ҵȥȥķ򣬿ãղתСȥ
ԺӺһؽץУ촽һ£ĺˣʮ֮һؽ㡣
ֻǣҲû뵽ʮȴ˷ǣؽѿǸİˡ
ؽ䣬ӰһˮڵĶȥ
С죬Ҫ뿪һʱ䡣
ˮ޵Ķ⣬
ˮһǰˣҪȥ
һ£ӦҲ֪Ǹط
ãȥ֮ǰҪˮһ
ʲô
ˮ΢΢һҪȥ
ͷʵôﲻȥ𣿡
ˮЦһ˵ǵطǲȥȥԺһ
ţڵϸͬ˵һ顣
֮һ£һҪȥȥ֮ǰɽǼֻСϣչһ¡
ίУˮ˵νСһ׮ͷˣҿԴӦ㣬ϣܿų
΢΢һЦĺˣҲôġ
˵꣬ӰһϷȥ


ʮ弯


281 ɽ
뿪ӣӰһ㰴յͼϵıǣٵĳɽķŲƶȥ
ɽǧ֮ҩʹȫŲƣûмµʱҲ
ɴ˿ɼĳ̶ȡ
һ·Ųƶ൱˳ûǰ룬ʹЩ۵ߣ붯֣֮󣬶ʶȤ뿪ˡҲúЩ˶֣Ŀ
º뿴ڵɽɽ
ɽľˣΧһֵ󷨣ʶ޷̽鵽УԶԶȥɽУ·һŴ֮ϡ뿴һᣬûпΧ쳣Ӱһɽڷȥ
ɽУʱǰһĻš
Χ滨ݣ涷ޣһɹɻƮ
ȻЩݵļֵߣضǣ˶ʱ侪
ǰ·ֱͨͬĵطԿ϶·յ㶼
׼ѡһ·뿪ͻȻüͷһŲԶһʯɣ֪
ʯһ׶ߣʲôֵĵطԿ϶ǲľʯʩչûɡ
֮˿϶ڸղŵһɲǣӦ˾ʯһ
ض滨ݣȻŨ൱ƽȣ̫ƫ
ǾʯϣͻȻ仯ʹʮ΢Ǳ뷢ˡ
ڵʶͬڵǿ
Ҫ֪ΪȽһˮ룬һȹΪ
ɽٵʱ򣬾ϴڵľԪ񶼻ӡ
һûжȽٵˣͬڿ⣬Ҳһ漣ˡ
ʯûκα仯ЦһҪ֡
ʱ򣬾ʯϳһƣһ֮֡
òͨһʯɫĵۣΪֻжȽٺڵӣ룬΢΢һЦѣóͿˡ
ԭ͵Ϯ룬û뵽֮Ӧٶô죬ܴ͵Ϯͷ
һЦﻹ绨˵ǰ㣬ٵˣΪȽٺڣӦˣûҲֹ뵽ĿŶԷ
⻰ǻ΢΢һ㶣漴ЦһȽڵߣҹ
ԷһķȥʶȴֳһڶԷϡ
ɽߣΪҲ̫͡
ӺʱһΪԼ˵ʱһзһ޴ʯͷǰͺһȥ
еʯͷ׹һ·һ㣬ٵ뱳ȥ

ȻתٻӶһͷŶڷڵľʯϡ
žžž
һܵ촫ʯ̻ΪĩƮڿС
Ҹˣûϧ
ӰһӵϣȻ𣬶Żӵͷȥ
ǻƺûаĹǰ׹һһ޴ĶƳУţ㵲ǰ
ڶϣֻһ顣
ӾȵŴͣתȥȴ屻Էһҧ³һѪ
ѪǰۣӿѪγһ֣Դ˵Ĺ
һԵ£ϧ룬
ȹסķѪ⻤˲顣
ȥƲڻӵϣΪΡ
屻٣æԪϣʱȴоΧĿռŤæѣ顣
һһͷŶǾ޴֮ʱѻУҸˣϧûϧ
䣬ûа飬ӵԪͺ񿴵һˡ
ӵѾˣԷΪֻжȽڣԼһΣȻɵɱԼ塣Уǰɱʮ㣬ԪһӴЩɢ治֪ǰɱ˶ˣ
Ǵ˿̣ԷץסӲòͷѣֻҪңҴĶ㡣
һ΢΢һӵԪЩˣǶȻҵġ
һУϵĴʱУٸһλᣬ˵ﵽ
һΣӲ˵ˣæ˵·һֱǰߣֻҪһµʱܴﵽ
Ȼô˵ȴģ·Ȼ·ǿڶ࣬˳ڵ߶ߣ˸
ʶ·УֱΪ֮·
һӵԪɢӰһѡһ·
ѡ·Ȼ·˵ҪԶһЩȴȫһ·
˵ǰȫֻͬ·ȣ·ûжɽϵǿߡ
ϧ·һã·ǿ߲࣬ﾭ߱кܶࡣ
һص߱ضǣûһ·Ҫ
ùˣһ·üߣΧɱ
·Ҳһ˾֡Ѫ֮·
վһɽڣȫѪһ۵ϵʬ壬һǰȥ
Ϊ󷨵Եʣʶ޷ΧɢܸӦڵ
ԭʩչŲƣȴŲʧȥãʩչ
ʱǿʩչֻǻûɶã㱻һ޵͵Ϯ
ȹ뱾ᣬ͵Ϯ˲ֹһΣֻҪ£һ벻֪ɱ˶ˣвߵΪ˶Ƚٺڣһ·νɱɡ
ѵһΣȽٺڵΧɱ롣һսŴö鵤ղնɱԷȻսѣջΪ˵Ĵдʯмöơ
Ҳùɱ֣һξˡ
ûȴ룬հ
ֹ£Ҳ֪ɱ˶ˡ
ɱӸɱ¾ͱɱģӰˡЩɱǿԺ󣬹˲٣ÿɱһˣһЩʶһ·޼ɵնɱǶȽٺڵ޵ߣնɱĶԷ
ͬȼߣնɱõ࣬߳һȼȴ˲٣ΪڶȽµ޵ߣõٵĿ޵ߣҲö֣˵һֺЩ˾ԶԶӿˡ
ºǰ˷·Զɱһ㣬ɢŨɱ
ֻһɽǰһʯʯд֡
ϣȴоһ֮
ˡ
뿴һʯӰһȥ
ͰʱһӰѣ
һŮӵ࣬·ݺһ㡣
üͷһ壬תȥʲô£
һŮӣһ˫ƯĴ۾Сɵ촽µıӣòͬȣҲ˶١Ŷɫ·ɢһɸ߹ʣȻݲһ㡣ֻΪЩֻͣжȽٳڵľ硣
Ⱦˣܽȥֻã·ˣһ⣬ȫɱһ·Ҳʮɡ֮̾Ͷ϶·ϵȫǰɱ
Ů΢΢һЦûΪ䣬һЩԥߵߣЦŵҽ壬ѣγƺ
˵Ŀʮ⣬·죬ֺʶѡ


282 
ŲܶԷʲôʲôһѪ֮˵ûаȤߵǰһɱһñȸղŻҪϼ֣ҹ
ǰŮӣҪôûĻҪôͳǸ̫
һΣһ£漴С죬Ƕ֪۸ңҲǣҲǣޱȣһ·ϣһҲû㵹ãҺĺ˵Ȼôң㡭
˵ţҪ˳
۶ԷǲϷ붼Ŀһۣתȥ
ߵڣһҲȥ
ȥǺǵЦˣҪǴһȥҾ͸ôģΣ
Լ𣿡
˿Цû˵һ䡣
弸ߵǰҵֻǣҡûơ
⼸ʱ۾ûƻһСƢ
һƣҽȥô
ٴʵ
ûлشⶴϼȻӦÿԽȥ
뵽Ӵóƣţٴǰȥ
һεĽͬղһɴڡ
üͷڵûƵ÷һʹõķԣֹԼ붴ڡ
û˵ӰһڶڵʯϣСȣǴŵ΢ЦƺԿ϶ԽڡΪʲôŮ˵ֱɣ
ȷʵȥ˼ַնʧˣǰ𰼵أǲǰƷУȻѰһᣬʲôûҵԿ϶취ҲУһԼܽȥһˡ
ˣƵΨһԣȻΨһضҪš
ô룬Ҳ벻̫ˣС
һԵ壬ʱ򿩿ЦѪҪҪҸ㣿
ƺҲ룬ϾģȷʵһѪˡ
̾ϢһƵתͷܴ
һͷûдʯǵӦһƣҾ͸취
ûκԥӸԷʼɣ
ǶԷˣУһǧְ취öԷ˲ȥ˵ƻԱ˵ޱȣһ·ɱеѾﵽһ˵֣ǧöϡ
ӹƣʯߵǰһƻΪǰűڡһ˲䣬·ӵ޾һ

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ˣǰѾͷֻΪûء
޵ߣ粻ûУǵ˷ˮ룬ʹΪӵٶ࣬Ҳ޷ͻơ
˵ڵ򣬷ڵ
֮⣬٣Ƕ򲻹һؾԶȲˡ
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ĸǿĴڣûʱ棬һֱΪܲĸŻʹԸüˣ볣˲ͬҲѹ岻˵Ԫûκ壬ֻҪĿľͺá
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˵һܶˣеǹˣеȴǹ͡
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Ǳ£¶һĵЦݡղŵԴһЩ˽⣬żʹﵽڣҲΪ򲻹ʹΪͣͲǰ


283 Ȼ
岢ǰţⶴڱͲСҲݵˡ
·ϣʵʲô֣
ڣ֪ǰѪ֮ˣ׽ʲô
һ˿øУ벻ʼǰˣ롣
૵룬룬ƽ
΢΢һЦ룬Ϊ𣿡
ͷǰɣ
⻰ЩˣǾǣǾͲǣǣ
ЦЦĿģҵΪ
ĿΪ
ò˵дɳʵ׵Ǳʣ׷ʵΪΪʲô
˿̣ĺԽԽŨˡоͺһţȴ⿪ţ֪еյס
뿴һۣ֪
˵ͷܳϿҵ˵ţ֪
һΪ
뱻Ѿͷһֱȥ˵ʵ
󣬲û¶̫ȵɫǵģ
뱻ֱŪЩڣġ
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һΪһ㣬ȸԾһҪȥҲŪߡ
Ϊ̾ϢһҲ룿
벻ףŪһʲôĵط
ͷң㣬һΪʲô
ȻΪˡ
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ٺһЦⲻͶˣЩ֮󣬷ûʱһʧ
⻰ĻСѾͷʲôˣǧûҵ
ڰ֣ⲻһҵҵ֮ûˣ
ȻΪȴһ𣿡
صĵһͷȻˣҺþöûȤˡ
ƽʱʲô
Կ϶ѾͷϲԼĿֽı˵ʹ֮ϡ
ƺ£¶ɫѹ㣬ǧҪ߱ˡ
ģҲ˵ġ
ش
һСӣ˭ȫĵ飬ûͱ˵أ֮Ժ˵Щֻһ˶ϲʲôʵģ˵ЩֻΪ˴ʱ䡣
벻˵ˣǰڳϲץһЩСӣڱ˵Ĳڡץһ棬һʿ·ڣУǰѱ˺ȵˮкҩС
һ˵˼ʮÿһ˵¡
ȷⲻһСѾͷһʵ̫ĵСѾͷѹָղ˵˵̫ݣ翪ĵһأԭ뻹ΪСѾͷʲô˿һʲô򣬼ֱû¡
һжûаϵǰСѾͷֻһͣľˡ
˵꣬ΪԺʵ룬˵

뵭˵治֪ʲôԣĸĸ൱Ŷԣûһıڳ飬Ҫ𹫷ߡԣղ˵ڳڣĪĸĸһ֮ɣ
һ֮
뵽һ󾪺ʮǳأÿһΪߣҲڷڣֻһ߾ܷɽ硣ѵСѾͷĸĸ
ˣѾͷܵİȫ
̫ңһɽҲ
ˮȻ뿪̫ԶкܶҲﲻʲôæ
ˮ޾ˣʹ÷ǰµǷû㹥ˡ
ĻͲʲô
˼֮ʱЦʵ룬㲻ú𣿡
һ˫۾գգ͵Ŀ룬ǣɰ
˵棬ʵ˵̾ϢһҺĵͬ

ƺһ˵Ļʵʲôǵʲô
һ£˵֮£еÿһԴһֵ
¶ĵ˵ͷʵĵʲô
ɫ

ԽԽͿˣʲô
ӦúСѾͷһ£ΪҲΪԼʱһ⣬ǵȻԵΪа;ͬ顣ΪܱͬʽаħҩС
еĵ
뻺˵ֻҪĸأȻܳɾϵͬڡ
Ͼֻһӣ㸴ӵĻҵĵʲô
뿴һֻۣ˵һ֣档
棿
ȵ۾ʵҲǵ
ͷе¶ŵһֱȥҳԼĵ
һΣˣϲֵϲˣܳɵ档
뿴忪ĵӣٴܶ˵޵޵޵ĵʲô޷ģָ֣ǵ·ÿߵ·һķʽҲһŬ鵤ҩܳɾϴʱ򵥵£ֻҪ˵ģͬгɡ
ϧֻ̫֮Ϊĸȴûж٣ǸĲ֮˵޵ָߵĵ·Щ˸ֻǵ·ϵķ羰ȴûȥµ·
ЩΪ·ˣαȥ򣬸·Ҫ
ʵЩ˴ˣ·ϵķ羰ҲǷ羰ˡ·ܸ򵽱Դ
ȻǸȻ֮о֮·
뵽ЩмǰСѾͷֵܲһӶûлᡣһЩڤڤ⣬һˮɣֻԭ򡣾ǲ֪Ǹûһ㡣
Ӧûаɣ
ǻһ㣬ΪҲᱻɱˡ
΢΢һЦ޵޵޵Լߵǵ·
ĵͷ룬һЩˡ
ûж˵±˵ٶҲá
һʱǰͻȻһɫĹ㣬â̺Ӵʹڰ֮⣬Ҳĸо
뿴Ǹüͷ΢΢𣬡ʲô
ʱҲ˹㣬ҡͷ֪еĶɣ
⻰ֱǷϻ˾Ķڣĵطܳ֡
һƾճУǰĹ㡣
ǹƺӦ˵ĵһǰ
ٶȿľˣȻƾ˰ס
ף벻ʲô
ڣֻʮף㾹Ȼʮľ룬һ㶼
ǰһȻ𣬶Źâȥ
һûʩչǵ̺ڽ
ӴڹϣûиӦΣһһȻڡ
ڴͬʱڵȻ࣬ǿʹЩԱ
뾪֮УҪԪ֮ǿаߵɲǣǹȻС·ʧһ
֪ûʧڡ
ⶫŪ壬֪ʲô
밵󣬸Ѱǹʱȴȵķ֣ڵٵļ٣һʮԪʮԪһ޵˵ʲôһϢʮЩֲˡ
Ҫ֪ڵΪԪҲǧǰң⻹ѾĵԪأ


284 ɽ
ʹ֮ɫͷϺˮܣȻԪʱżʹࡣ
һԵ壬Ȼ֪̹ʲôʹӣҲ֪Ƕǹ룬æʵ룬ôˣ
ûлش̧֣һУҪʩչ
ʱ˹Ҫ֣ûµġ
ȻƶԪڡղţԪӦһУ塣ڵԪڿٵļ٣ȫʧҲԪҲعֻء
Ԫ֮Ҫǿа̹ڣΣ޷̹һ˿á
̹⣬ؼǿ̷Ԫضࡣ
ȻˣǾɡ
һҧȫԪ̹֮ϣȴ޷
ȻУǾбİ취
ʱ䱾Ͳ࣬æһ취ɲС
ʱе˵ӰһͷŶֱڡ
һ֣̹ȥ̹⾪УҪȥڡ
ԪȥʶһڵӿٵƬ̣ȫ±㱻Ӵ̹ɲ壬ٵڷɶҪҵȥ·ڡ
ϵԽԽ࣬ԽԽŨϵӿڣƬ̣ȫûаռ䡣̹ⱻƵһ䣬һӿϣ̹סű㿪ʼɡ
˵յٶȲУɵٶȴľˣʱ䣬̹㱻ͬˡֻУһΪӴ΢һ£ȥԪ뻹֮á
ͬǰԪȣȷʵҪӴࡣ
һ֣ɵĴзֽԼٵǲԪʣȴڡôԭģԸо֮󣬱Ͽȥ̺Ĺǿ̹࣬ɱԪ
һǰᣬ̺ԪһҪȶԷԪߡ
˵Ԫɴµߡ
Ϊڵ޵ߣԪȻӣҲֻǧ꣬аǧԪѡ
ɷڵ޵ߣЩˣΪڶ壬ԪҲҡ
Ǹһĵɣ»ûɣͱԷˡ
˫ۣһ֮һһĵĿԼûˡ
һղǶʲô
һ£һ֮ҿɱ
ɱ˵
循һɴ۾
ͷվҺ档
ղ̹ͬҲɺϣ̹ȥڣԷʮа˾Ŷȥ
ձѹ
뾯ǰ棬ȴСĸں棬Ȼϲ棬ҲΪɲ뻹ûãͱ̹ĪĸɵˡһСŮ˵Ȼ첻µز£һЩؼԵ⣬޷ԡ
һСʱȴûп̹⣬·ɽֻһ̹Ƶġ
ʱ뿴һ׹ǣȻһߵʬ壬ֻȥ̫ѾáʬԱߣûвŴûһЯĶҲɣ±ȡˡ
˿Ҳ˰ȣһæתȥôˣ
ԴӼ̹֮󣬱㵣£±̹͵ϮôˣʬǺǺ£պǰʬһ
̾Ϣһɽһӣ󣬶߰ɣ
Ȼ룬Ҳ֪ʲôתΪĿһۣʬˣ
ΪôѪ϶ʩչʬǸˣû뵽ȴָʬˡ
΢΢һЦ˵Ǿ˵һˣϣҲһʬǵˡ
ҡҡͷģҸоˡ
Ҳϣ޵֮·쳣ѣ֪ߵʲôʱͣˡ
ղţӵʱѾˡ
ǰȥ·û̹⣬ʬȴ˲٣м廹Ȼȥʱ䲢ϡɽ֮󣬱ߵ˶ڣǰһĻ棬һɽȣɽ죬ͬʮ㡣
ֻʲôɽȷ·Գһ磬Сˮŵ磬ﻨ㣬ʵ棬һеһУȻɣ·˼ɾû⣬еĶＸУȻ޴޺һЩ滨ݣǿġ
ĶͨĶֲ˲ϣ˼䶼ܿ
ϾСŮľɫ˷ܵĵط
Ȼûʮ㣬ÿһŲľϣɢŰȻ
ʹΪӣԪҲݽߡ
뵽΢΢һȻ뵽ǱҲӦÿ뵽
Щûгȥˣѵ˲ɣ
ԣҲܲȥҲ᲻֪ϸһʲôΡ
뿴ɽȴ˼ȴûǰ̤һ
ͱɽڵľɫȾˣæһɽȥ
סѾæ
岢ûͣ½Ųһǰţһ߲ͷȥʲôͦģץֻ
˵ȴΪһĻ
˵꣬һҧӰһǰ֮£ʱڻһлɽ֮ڵĵط
·ûйͷһ뱧ʱо˶ںȴ˷¡
һСŮʲôʱ˱ʱӦŨصϢҲü֪֮о뱧ڻҧܲܰҷ
΢΢һ㶣ʶﻹһŮˣһɣãá
һɿʱȥžһˤڵϡ
㡭
ڵϺŭָ룬ŭʲô
쳣ղȴôĴæ˵⣡
һӵŭĿ룬һһٵʵ˵ղΪʲôң
ûлش𣬶ǿɽȴ㿴
һֻû˵꣬ͱˡ
˳߿ȥʲôҲûһ𣬡ղǲǹ⣿
ɽڵľɫͬղȥʱһģһ˵ͬĵطǰ滨Եĺ˼ֻ
ЦһȻ峤ĻһȤûУĻ󣬵ÿ𣿡
ʹĵͷȻˣһ磬뱧ңȻû˵Ҵпĳ
ôһ˵Цˣҵڿʲô
Ϊ䣬ȴûûɫ·һ㣬˿һۣʧС
ֻһۣ˻ҡʲôҲû
˵̲꣬סʵղΪʲôҡ
˿̣Ҳоˣղһʲô¡
һһֻɫС˳ǵ½ʱշĻ
г֣ͷļϣߴߴĽ
ۣ
嶢Ż񣬾ϲÿɰС񡣡
ûʱͻĿɰӣָɽȵ㿴ˡ


285 
գ۾ҿأ
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ƺܸӦΣһ㣬ûжߴߴĽڳ˲Ϳ顣
üͷһֻ˼ޣôӵ˸ߵǣȻܸӦɽڵΣ
ɰӣæ˵룬ͱСȥˣ㿴ȥ
üͷȥѵȥ
û뵽صصһͷȻ˵Ȼȥˡ
⻰ΪƣҡͷУҲȥ
ôΣյĵطûŪ֮ǰ̤һ뵽һȻѼϵĻץ漴ɽȵķһס
񾪽Уڵһ˳ȥٵɽڷȥ
ŭ룬ô
û˵꣬˵ˡ
һɽڿȥԿ˰ʲôҲû̲ס뵽ʲôʱɽͻЩϹâһһɫâٵȥۿҪڡ
˿̣循һæ룬
벢֮ˣмʱˣȻûкΣҲôȥʶһһεڻϣڿȻͣͣЩ̹⼴ϵһɲǣ˻
ƻɹ΢΢һЦѻ̹֮ľƵĺܺãʹûΣգֲ̹ϣ׷漴ɽȶڵʱʶһȻһ٣Ϊһڡ
̹⿴ʧٴλûΪҪȥ
ʱǰһæ̹⣬ϲȥ
˿ֵ̳룬վƾ̹룬̹⼴ȥһɲǣΪһ磬ɽڡ̹һɲǣʧȥж̼һӴڡ
һΣᳵ·ʱ䣬̹ա
Ӧڵ߳һ΢΢һЦٴָ񣬡ֻҪȥҾͰ
֪ûΣգкô󣬻һɽڷȥ
ΪĿһۣҲ޵
ҡҡͷûС
ɴ۾ȻûУΪʲôƭС졣
΢΢һЦûƭΪ䷽
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循ȵſͣ䷽
Ҫ֪޵䷽Ѿʧ˼ֵ꣬ҩȻȴδֻ֪ҩĶѵõ֪֪ơ
شǻַ˻ٸ㡣
һ仰ٴɽڷȥ
˷ʮΣÿһζյһ̹⣬ӵеԽԽ̹࣬ٶҲ˼ǰԭҪϢյ̹⣬Ϣʱ䶼Ҫģʹʮ̹ͬʱɽ壬ҲյûκΣա
ɽΧĺѾûˣһЩС͵Ķ˵ӣҰ֮Ķ
ЩȻıȽԶԿ϶Ҳ̹ûɣֻЩ̹˵ҪһЩӣҴСɺû̹⣬ӵЩСǱ̹⣬ڵʮꡣ
ʮ㣬ҲʮˣǶʮ꣬ԸһӦòΪ⣬Ըܷܿɡ벻ܿ϶Ƕǲľʮʶ׼ԸЩȥɽȼպ
ڹȣ뾭ЩСһЩˡ
һᣬٴû롣
Σͷҡĸˣ˵ʲôҲԸ롣
ȻҲܸоЩղŵĲӦûˡ
ԥһ£Ӱһɽƶȥ
׼գɽȹȥ·޷ǰУ֪Щ߹ɽȵģе˶ȻҲֽܲ󣬱ϾЩмӵ֮ͨˡ
Ӱճɽڣһӱ㻯Ϊ̹⣬
̹ľˣȫɵȭͷôٶȱȺû̹˲١
벢û룬ʶֻһӷеӶɡ
̹ȥ˲䣬Ӧ̹ӵеΪǿʮꡣʮ벢ͬգֻյٶ˵ҪࡣʮϢ̹֮֮ٴԱߵһֻӿ
֮һûˣȫĶﶼա
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬벢ûкһͬǰУɽȿڵѻѾͷ
ڹȺʱǰһĻˡ
ɾǵȻлвݣÿһ껨ݶûаȥܶһһжǻɫģǻɫģǻɫģպʹҲǻɫġ
ɫڣκһϢӿ
ӦϢ󣬸оԼһ㣬ûа
ΪλϢ
벻ףѵ֮йɣ

ҲҲ

뵽ͷһƬңֻһߣȴ
ô£磬Ϊλڣ
ѵֻԺ󣬲ܳ
ˣһһԺعֿռ䣬ôȻˣȴĿʼ
һȻţҲǰס
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ϣЩĲݴڣһֻֻĴָСĻɫϿ
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뵽ʱϻҹһһɫĹ㡣
ȴСֻСɵĴ벼µĽȻɽڡ
ڹ룬ȷղŵ뷨Ǻڹ̹ͬһͬء
ڹⲢ˵ƻ˵Ƭ̣ڵľѪͱøɱ𰮡
⾳磬άϵԪһѪʧ˵Ҳߵ˾ͷ
ڹһЩѪ󣬱һЩ뵱ϣٴμ壬סڵ㣬ͬİ취Ѻڵաһж뷢оһ˿õĺãͬء
˿̣ǰϣвأһһֻϷ
һе϶ˣڵǿ˼֡
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ǷգǸСѾͷһɽڵĶܸ֮ٲ֮أǺ˱ˡ˵Ҳһ˿øУҲѾͷ׵


286 ֮·
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شûʲôΣˣھͽȥɣ
΢΢һЦϵĻСʵ룬ھͰС͸ң𣿡
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ˣ˵ѾͷѲ·ĵط
ЩеԽżԽǸˡ
ԭΪ嵣ģڿѾͷڲ·ϱԼҪɡ
Цһ߰ɣ
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ԣԲԡ
ͷŽ뷨ǿˣȥֵһɲǣ㿴һ˿ߡ


287 
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ʯͷˮһ˿⽣ɭֺȴƾʧһ
üͷɭַ򣬴˿ȷһþһ벻·ȫͬĻþ
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ﵽʱָоٴһȻصԺ˵һܿһ㵹˻ͬʱ³һЩȵĿǰĵ棬Ϊ˿̣һˣһͬ뱾һģһˡ


288 ʮ
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Ψһͬǣ˵죬˫񣬱һӴ֡
ͻȻֵˣʶһʲô
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ӰһղŴֹĵطȥ


289 Բ
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뱳һ亹ҿղûóȻǰУ߽˲ԭһ󷨿ﲻɡԲϵķһһ֣ÿ뵽һΣһƬݵʧ֮ԲϺڹûҲٳ֡
֪ԲڵĽһ֣Բ̷С

Բ̵ݸ壬ֻҪУƽ˵ص󷨡
˵ţĨȥԲµʶ
Բ͵йȴƽ󷨺Ͳ󷨵ĺö󷨺ܼ򵥣ֻҪһ󷨣Ϣ뵽ԲڣڲҪʯ£ܲóһ󷨣ûʯֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
Ҳûһֱڣⶫ벼󷨣Ūˡ
ʶ岢֪ƽ󷨣˿̼ɹƳһ󷨣ϲУ
ͷȻһ£»ҡ
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һһָһٶȵҲ
˽һµʱ䣬󷨱ȫƳ
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ΪǴﵽ˶ȽٺڣԲֻһ
ΪҲӶȽٳڵ˶Ƚڵľ硣
ΪˣȴģʲôƵطұΪܺ棬ȴû뵽ô鷳˷ô൤ҩ
ûϢϢ޷գֻܷõҩһĵĵҩľˡ
Ҵҵ󣬵Ҳںȴͬһ˳棬ȻҲ˲ٵҩȴ޷ͬأһ¼еĵҩˡһսû㹻ҩ˵ͨǿνǴ粽С
һƵӣ΢΢һЦ㵤ҩûж˰ɣ
ʲôûжˡ
һ죬Ӵóƿҩָĵҩˣ滹󷨣ҿû취ˡ
˵꣬̾ϢһΪƵ˵ҩЩʱ򱾾û٣ƽʱ᲻ãû뵽˼ȫĿ档
ĵҩûж٣ȳʱָܻĵҩҪж٣һһƾճ֣ݸ壬ҸһЩ
˵ţЦЦĿ塣
˹ϵɫûкת粻򿪴һ˲䣬վԭأãžϲǣôô鵤
Ϊʮƿû뵽ǴоȻһƬعҲǧƿ
Ҫ֪һƿʮöҩǧƿһá
һõҩ弴ʹݲʶ㣬ҲϢ
鵤߱رĵҩȻָٶЩֻҪһСʱʹٶҲָܻⵤҩѣҪҩҲûãȴһƷһһãһûо޴ˣҲ˶ĵҩ
֮ô࣬ƵģǴˮõ
룬ˮĴľˣʯ㣬鵤ȻҲв١
ûйͣǰС΢΢һЦ߰ɣ
ߣʱƳ룬˿ǰˡ


290 
Сϲû󷨣һ·Ҳ൱˳
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ǰһСɽȣɽĸ
ɢɢ
ĸϣдһѪĴֱ֣ǣ졢
Ĵɢɢ
ĸ֣΢΢һ㶣ԴӽڶԺÿһ涼дһ֣ĸִʲô˼ȻһӦǴ͵һطΪλĸ֣ѡô
üͷߵ壬ѡĸ
Цһϴѡĵطʮλѡɣ
ôһԼҲһЦѡһɣ
ͷȻҲˣξһΰɣ
һǰһ˽ȥϻɫâһʧɽڡ
һ룬һĵطضǺ컨̲ݣҩֲ
ŨڿĻصƺһĿ߲Ԫ
ǰһ޴ľƣϳԲεɫҶӡ
ľϣϡԿһööӨ͸ĹʵҶҡҷš
ǹʵӣȴһӤɢž˵
һĻͬʱһʧ
ǺȷϾ֪ʲô
ȻҲûмȴӣϲ룬ҵˡ
ϴŵЦݣϸȥȴᷢЦЩɬδҲ̫ˣô׻ãΪǰ˴ûеõأǰȻЩѣһЩͨߣͬɶȹ
뵽Ȼ޷ȷǼ٣оⲢܿһ顣
ߵҪܹȥæסļ򣬵ȥ
˷Уôһʱʲô
ߵĶȥãȴסˣ˭Ҳá
üͷҸоⲻ
С죬ѹĵգ棿ã˵˵ʲôĲ
Ȼô˵һȴˡһ·ϣܶæһЩ󷨽ֹһ۱ܿе١
ûлشĻǰãԾûпߡ
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岻һ㣬СȥΣյ£
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һΣûоܾԹԵļ񣬲һָĵطС죬ȥĹǲģ
Ժ󣬿ɫη䵽ļϡ
˿̣ôһ˵תʹĻһ˵꣬˹ȥ
ʱ׹һһӰ֡
˴һɫ·ò㣬ֻɫЩ԰ףȻǰʱˡ
벻ʶˣ໨һϳʵ׻һ峤ɱһ֮һ
׷ɳ֮󣬿ɽڻվˣ˵ȴԶûκԥͺһ
һͷŶǰĿʱ̵ĵطǻеƬռ䡣
ɵ˷ܣۿҪɵϣͻȻоһӴƾճΧˡ
׷Цһһ֣Ӵϯʱɻأץ
һŭС컹ҡ
׷ûлش𣬿һۣΪҲͱү
Ȼ޷ɢʶӦ˵Ϊƾľ飬һ۱Կǰ˵ΪߣûжȽ٣ΪɢЩӡ
񱻰׷ץʹĽһۣŭС컹ҡ
׷һѻȴؿϵ÷ȵ÷ǳʲôϵ
˿ֻûػ񣬸ûģҸףǲңҾ͸߸ף˵۸ҡ
ҧгݵĿŰ׷ɣʮɡ
׷Цһˣʹˣ㸸Ҳ֪
ηŭŰ׷ɣ𣿼Ȼ֪ҸףӦ֪Ѫ÷䡣
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Ѫ÷䣬ΪͨǱʩչˣǰһ̣ʩչ߶֪ʩȥ˿̣׷ӵдڵΪɱȻ򵥣ɱ֮󣬱ڵѪ÷ĸױ֪ŮǰһС
һǲţڿԡ
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׷ɲ룬ҲȥԣЦɱһСѾͷûκ棬Ҫ˵ڶ޵ߣʵ̫㡣׷һ׹ϵ΢΢һЦѻӸ壬㡣
˵ţһͱүǶʹ÷ŮҲһɱ֡
Ϊ˵һеĳˣҲֵá
ܵһţԺٻҲ٣ʹҲȥ
ù֮󣬱ЦҲúǶأ
׷ɼԷʶʱ񣬿룬أ
ɫҲ
ûŪǷǰóȻ֡
׷ɵͷͻȻüͷһһʲôϵ
֣ǰһˣΪϻһϢȻϢ˻ǿԸоõ
⻰￩һ£ѵһ￴ʲô𣿲ܣˣͲ̽ԵĻˣһ֪ҵݡ
뵽ɫҺһûκιϵ
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϶ĿŶԷͷûС
׷ɼʩչԷɫĿԼԥһ£ѹһˣ
¶һ˼ɫ漴·뵽ʲô
׷ЩһֱѰһʣˣȴãȻ裬ôһ˵æʵʲôطģ
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׷ɫһŭ
˵ţָצצĵһӴһ
ϣ뼴ʹҲҪˡ
ûҪƭ㡣
Ű׷ɣ˵ˣͨӵĶ棬ֻһ·ɽһԹȥ
·֪Ȼ࣬ȷʵд·ɽһɽȣԵ½档
Էôһ˵׷ҲˣϾ֪·˲࣬ǵǶˣ
ͷҵʱץһޣû뵽һ֡
֣
׷ʵʲôΪʲôʩչʲô
໨һ£˵󣬵ӣΪҸһЩʧܣ˺ߡ
⻰٣żʹԷ֪໨ʶһˣҲ޷
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˵޷
׷һɱһˣ˿̴һϢʮֿġ
빰ֵߵʱ򣬺񿴵Ǹҵ˷ɽˡ
׷üͷһЩŵʵȷȥӣ
벢ȷ˵Ҳȷʱ֮ܿܿˡ


291 ÷׹
׷ɿһۣȻ˵ô࣬Ҳɱ㡣Ҷ֡
ȭͷɱһ
شҲġ
ģʱҲܳȥ
׷ɵͷٵȥȻߵĺȴܸо˷֮ɫ
׷ȥЩĴ㣬ղҪȥã㲻ãںˣˡ
΢΢һЦ㻹϶Ĺ
һۣû˵ģң
һ£Ż˵ȻҲ֪϶ǡ
ǰؿͬһӦÿ˵Ķ󣬳嶯Ҫȥãһٲ֮ء
˿̣׷Ѿߵ£ȥժ˳ժ
׷ժ΢΢һ㶣ѵԼ˲ɣ
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ɫЩѿ޲ھͳȥͬ׷ᡣ׷ǿʵǰȥ߱شˣãûã粻Ҫ
Цһû˵ֱĿŰ׷ϵ
׷ժ¹ʵԺ󣬹Ц˵ôѻãǱүá
˵ȴȻֹΪеۿɼٶڻţФƬ̣㻯Ϊһ̲Ũˮʧ
ʧе׷ɲһ㶣Ϊˮоκ
ô£
׷ɿеˮüͷɻѵժ֮󣬱뵱²ɣ
˵УԱ棬ѵʹ˵вһ
׷һٴȡһöѡ̷һ¡
ӽȥڣ˲ڻȴûвκ
׷ֱϷˣĸоŭĿǼٵġ
۳ǿȻͷŶķȥһ̺ǿһϣ̹һʧ
һз̫ˣӰ׷ʩչʧϢʱ䡣
һĻüͷ΢΢һɵɵվԭأȻ˵ĺܶԣǾǼٵġʵͲ̫󣬶ʱСѾͷƭӲ֪룬ȵ˴͡
ʱ򣬼ʹɵҲܿʵ󷨻ûġ
󷨣൱ʹõ࣬Χľɫϵһ𣬹ʶѸӦ١
֮⣬һ㣬Ǿ̰
룬ǧ˭ȥأ
׷ɴ˿ҲɵˣŭĿʧĵطٴʩչ׹һһɫĴʮ㣬ͬղʧеһȣһΣ׷ôҲˣȻͷ壬ȥ
һ㶣ҡͷҲȥ
׷Цһ֮ɫǲȥھɱ㡣
ɫЩѿĳ׷ڻңȥˣ϶޷ų
飬ôȥ㼴ʹɱңҲȥ
׷ɫһ붯֣ͻȻʲôȥ
̾ϢһһǴķȥ
뾶ֱ˹ȥͰ׷ɶһ㶣׷ɸǺʵ㲻
һǰߣһЦûһʵǿĸףֻðյ顣
׷ĵͷ㵽Ǻܴǲȥһԥɱ㡣
֪ǰ˲õˣȥҲȥҲһأ
ʵҲ֪ʲôôȥ
ߵϣֻ׹һӰʧ
ãֻǲ֪͵ˡ
ʧԺ󣬰׷һ뷨漴һ£Ҳ
ߵϣԭµǸܵĹ֭ͻȻԼٶɢƬʱ䣬ֲȫһ룬ڴҵʹȫΣ׷޷ʹڵϴ
˿̣ɽֻʣ°׷ɺ塣
׷ش΢΢һ㶣ĵȥ
׷ɺ޽飬ùˣղôС죬Ͳȥ
弴߽ʱһͻȻӱ˹ǹȥھɱ㡣
봫ֻм룬⼸ȴǧ׿һеȥȻ߽󣬵ȥԺ󣬽һʬ塣תŰ׷ɣʲô
׷Ѿվ˫ͨ죬ͷǺˮ⺹ˮǰɫǺɫʺѪ
һá
׷Ŀ壬·ڿһˡ
һô᲻⻰˼æ˵ɱңҸײ㡣
ͷһҲЩˡ
׷ɹһЦں˵ģҲɱ㣬Ҳ壬ֻǽһãһЩڡ
˲뵽ǶʲôһǼ֭ҺȻ֪ʲôǹԺ󣬱ض޷ʹ⴫޷ʹãɽڣɡ뵽Ȼ㼴ʹɱңҲԸ
׷ЦһмǵΪΪԷ𣿡
üͷһˣҿɱԺҲųȥ
⻰׷Цĸˣ֮ԱǵڱүǰûȨ
һһӴͷŶڿлûһɫľצȻķȥͬʱΧĿռͻȻ̡
֣
循Ȳѣ漴һҧְؿڵһ÷̬Ĺ׹飬תǴȥ
׹飬һӴͷŶγһ֣壬Χ̵Ŀռ䣬Ȼ˲ˡ
׷ɫһŵ˵÷׹
ɴ۾Ǿ֮ɫȻϣ
÷׹һⲻҲһ
˵÷֮ʱһ׹͡
׹һûֻ꣬Ʒ
÷׹ʮأԴκԽ࣬Խ
˵ǰѹ׹ڴԵֵλȫһ
ȻⶼǴ˵û˼÷׹ʲôΪ׹ȫˡ
ЦһŰ׷ɵȻʶãζˣǵΪ빥ƴ˹׹ķ
弴߽󣬰׷һҧʩչ츳ͨƷء
ֻһ޴İƣƾճڿУһͷ
ţ׷ɿһھѪӡ
ǿھѪڰϣƶʱѪ죬ΪѪơ
ʱ򣬰׻һһᾪ֣׷ʩչĲͨ츳ͨһֻʩչһεѪɫƷ⡣ͨƷ⣬ֻʩչȼ߳һߣ߳һϣȻҲܷӡӡʱ伫̡Ϊ̫߳࣬Ч
ѪɫƷȴͬӵȼҲ˵ΪߣᱻӡС
Ѫɫӡһ˲䣬һһȥ˴ڡ
ʼӰʧɽС
׷ɫ԰ף˴ĴۣȻûаѶԷӡƤˡ
ŭӿ׷³һѪڵϣʡ¡
ߣ봫ԺĵطͬղŵһģһûͰ׷ɣΪص˵ɽȡһɽǼٵģ֪ǲҲǼٵģţû
Ƭ֮һȭͷȥʱߵգһӴϢֶţ㿴֡ϣһʺѪѪΪŨ޷Ѫе΢֪


292 
Ƭ֮ǹϵѪȻһڡ
ͬʱͻȻſ۾Ϣ΢˵룬뿪͵ҸǣҸ÷֮ݡ
һֻû˵һ۾ϵϢ΢ϸ̽鶼޷֣һ㡣
̾ϢһУɽȥ
ɽǰһ޴ﲻ֪١
ߵ£ۿһᣬǴժһöۿ
Ƭ֮Ϊһ̯ˮ
ˮͬǰ׷ժʱһģһȷⲻ
ȻﲻǣӦڱĵط
˾Ȼһһɢϣʹɢ
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˿̣ѾԿ϶һӦһˣؿġ
ټ٣ʵʵС
һؿΪ£ǰȣȴΪ򵥵һˡ
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ʱ䣬۲ÿһһһͬɽȡ
ʱһһĶȹȥɽڵľɫȴûһ˿仯
һһɽУɽͬǰ࣬ϸȥᷢһЩϸ΢ĲΪϢȱĵطҪŨࡣҲ֪һ˶ٸɽȣ˶ټÿһζʧ뿪
ǰһȻûпȴȻ϶һӦġ
£һժûκθʹǼٵģҲϡֺһӴɢƬ֮󣬲ûǰΪˮԾɢŨ
¶һ˿ЦݣڴУܷ
漴һȦͷߣȻϣ󣬵ҲһĿܡһؽڷ˳¿ٵķŴ󣬽Ƭ̹򣬱һ˶ߡ
ּѪĳȻ𣬶ԱߵĵٷȥأϵɱըĸСǼ£Ѿ
һؽϹһӴͷŶϣۿɼٶСţɰƴСʱӰһУһȥؽڡ
ؽѡһطֲȥִӴóһЩʥˮȵĵϡֲҶӿٵĿήֵǣȴûκα仯ȻӨ͸
ʥˮУϿήҶ𽥺תȻûлָԭٿή
һҧеʥˮ˳
޵Ҫʥˮ࣬ʥˮ࣬ȴȥơ
Щʥˮˮ޸Ĵлã˴εĿľΪֲ
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ʶ·ϣˮϲ㡣
һƿƿʥˮϣԭήҶ𽥺תһ
Щģʥˮá
һк벢û뿪Ա߹۲ã֪󣬲תȥ
ǰڵľݵŹرգ֪֮УûдţĿһ۷䣬뿪ؽ䡣
صɽУԭȥĵط˿Ѿƽأ΢΢üͷԱȥɽȲ󣬺ܿ㿴еĵطǣȴﾹȻûг·Ҳ˵޷뿪
ɫһõԺע޷뿪粻أ
ãҲһʺĵطԶ޷ȥ
תһ룬־ûֿܣô޷ȥǳȥģ
ҵһɾĵط˼ﾹȻһɣֻҪǲܳȥˣϧˣǿԲ̣һƳԲ̱ڴУ֪ܲõ
뵽ʶ봢УУɫƽˣֺ˯һ㡣ʶһһԪĴϣϣѴ˳֣ҪУȴһ
ȻԼʩչģֻҪһЩʱ䣬Կƽ⡣
ʱ䣬뿪ʼƽⴢԼһµʱ䣬ϵ󷨱㱻ƽˣǵʶӡͬôȻԪЩˣҲû취¡
Ķľˣ廨ţʲôá
ŮӴʱһ죬æѰԲ
Բ̷ڴĽУûö೤ʱҵˣҵ֮󣬱ȡ˳ְѴߡ
뵽ڣʼʩչͨڴǰʹ˶ΣõĵӦ֡
ĳ֣ɽڣΧľɫȻ仯
ԭɫأʧһ޴Ĵڽ¡
˿վڴıԵλãûƽ⡣
ºɽڵ󷨱Ƴһ޴Ĵĳǰ
Բ̣ԥ߽λãţ׹һӰʧ
һ룬Ӱڵϣ̧ͷΧһۣЦˡ
ڣһۣԥķȥ
˿̣ǰмһɴ۾
Ŀ죬ߵҲ죬Ϊˡ
㿴ûղź˳ˡ
Ҳˣѵ˴ڳɣ
ɣޱȣȥû˵˭ų
ô˵Ǹղſˡ
ȫˣ
óһۣȫˡ
ߣһ·ٴˣûһ˶֡
һ࣬ԭȥˣٴγµߣֻ٣ڳȥҲᶯ֡
ԭܼ򵥣˶ȥߣʮа˾ӵƣߵȴһǲԼһٱˣǱԺ󣬷ߵߡˣʹԺҲòôǲŲֺõ¡
һ·Ҳʮ˳ûñ뿪ɽ
̧ͷ뿴򶫷һӰٵŲƶȥ
Ŀ꣬÷ǡ
·ϣ뼸óͼȷλúżŲơ
÷ǣλ뵱һνͨǲԶ
ѾýҪʲô彻֮󣬱뿪磬ǰڵ򡣲Ұӵİ취ȡԴֻҪӵԴƳ㹻ľ鵤ǼʹҲ㹻İա
¿ڣ÷ڣǷѺ󣬱ֱ÷Ǹۡ
ۡǰһ룬ۡصأý롣
뱧ȭҳˡ
һֻۣжȽڵΪһûгκ˲ܽ롣
⻰ɫһ鷳ȥ֪ͨˣ˵йŮϢ
ЦһҪֽڣǰѾܶԹˡ
ɫδ䣬ںԷļͨһ¼ɣȷʵгŮϢ
ûж˵ʲôתۡȥΪ÷ǳԸֻҪŮϢʲôˣ֮⡣
Ƭ֮÷ǳ˵и˵СϢ
ȴЩмȻϢ
÷֮Ժ٣Լʮһɫ·òа˷ƣĻ󣬵һͷɣ
ޱϲʲô
ǣ
Ӧһתȥ
ԺȻ۾һ߷·Խ˷ݣֱ丮ۡǰ૵һ˵Ϣˣ˻ࡣ


293 ÷
վȴʱһǲм֮ɫ
ΪͬЩһΪСϢȴҪæ
ǰ÷֮ԺȴǰһЩˣԽԽ࣬һŮϢǣԺٱ㾯ЩǰûжŮϢɱ֡ûжţԴԺɱһ֮ǰ˲Щ
ȻѾȥһ࣬½ǰЩһ⣬ȫԺٵĽꡣ
ѹֶ¶ɫЩȷʵɱǻ룬Ҳô
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Ժһʧǰ˵ĸ֣ǡ

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̧ͷ㳶һԣٴηģǳԺ黹Ůʶ굱ɢ
Ժٿ룬ôˬϣŵԡ
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һûԷһۣһŲƣķٶȥ


294 
ûö೤ʱ䣬дֵĴǰ룬ȴоһʶһɨûпǣ뵽Ժ٣գˣΪΣ
ڵǰһһģӰٵۣԺ١
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ԺȻţʵָƴ磬ȥû㹻ָҪࡣ
ǰ֮˷ϻȥֻҪ֮ڰŮԪ黹ˡ
ԺŮֺеɱһȥ˱򣬱֮ڻ
㲻öʣȻҵĳŵ
ش
ԺĿ룬ȻĻΪһ𣿡
ˣ㲻ţҲû취ˡ
һУԺٵĶ֣˿ԺٲһԪ۶ѣֻҪһսûʤĿܡ
ԺȻҲ붯֣ɭȻԪóˡ
˼Ƭ̣һɱͷţԪֻһУԺٵϣس
һӣԪ˳ȥһۣһȥڡ
Ժɱһ֣ȴԥˣһԪ۳ķûаɱ룬ɱΪݵĳˣ㡣һˣǾǰ׻һ壬һҪǰȥΪֻһ
ϰ׹һӰʧ
һ̣ڵϣǰһƬѩ磬һжͬ뿪ʱһ
֮أֻһɣǱǱѩš
һٶǰѩŻһСɣһٶĽ죬˵صȴΪŵʮ֮һȻѩٴ󣬶ŵĸ֮һλͬŵķֲһѩ׳֮֮ûı䣬Ϊڰǰһš
ˣаѩֻòʱڵΪһڵĶ壬ΪºͣΪŵĳ֮һѩҲˮߴλһٱ䣬Ϊܲʮ֮һΨһһԭɡ
ѩûеϳ֮λǰѩŵ»൱͵Ϊ֮һҾʵȨĳϺ󣬱ѩŵĵӾͱø߰ŷֲĵӸʹܲŵӣҲƽƽ
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ӰһСʦõǰӦʶ뵽ԺУǿиıļ䡣һЩ뿴һۻڵϵŮӺӰһʩչŲ֮ʧڼ֮ء
һСʱŮվͷһƬѣΣһΡ
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295 
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ǵѩŵѾһٶˣԺѩôһͽܣĵλ࣬ʹŷֲĳϼҲҪͿеʶһӦִĵӻôֻһλʦأ
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ʶõӼͼֻವһͬʱ˸Եķ
ɱѩݣ
ɱѩݣ
ɱѩݣ


296 ڻ
ǧͬʱ㳡
ͬʱ诵Ҳ۾Ȼ֪١
ڰѩõ󷨣ǵʶͻƣ۲쵽
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ΰЦһ֪λشóҪˣվ˶飬Ժ군ˣؼĴ϶Ǳչأûһ̬Ҳ֪ѩôĴϵİǰѩִҪ
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㳡ϣѩһɱ⣬ؿͣΪ㼿ƭ𣿡
͹һЦѩһ̧ۣͷʣʦڻˡ
ѩһ㶣ﰵѵĲʩչĵѵǼһĻػˣ
ţʱһ˵ȥȥܻĵط磬ɲԼҺ԰
װŪ
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ߵǰʱվһЦһ漴̧𣬾𺮱Ȼȥ
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298 Բ
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ˮʶԼ˵˻æ˵ˣ֪ҲǸ˼
Ҳ϶˵ȥתƻһ£ôˣ
ˮ޼ûԼһˣǶںҪҪȥ
ڰ֣ˣҪһʱ䣬ʱκ˲ǰ
ˮӦǣˡ
صǸԺӺ󣬲һܵ󷨣żؽ䣬ӰһؽڡûȥڵľݣӰһֱԴԣִڣƳľ鵤ЩҩȽٱĶ
ƾ鵤ʱͻ룬ھ鵤ڼһЩļ룬ƳĵҩָٶȿһЩһ˿һöڱӵнһǧԪƺһꡣ
Դ
˵ֻɱŨĵطɵĹڣ̺Ӵɱ
Ϊߵˣô˹֮ͬΪ߶һɱ
죬ԶʱڻܿһЩȴʧʷĳС
ܵõĹӣʵͬʱ֪Ƴĵҩ᲻µ
ֻѣҲ֪˹󣬺ܿԶҲ
ؽڣһʮ꣬ʮ˾鵤ʹ˶ȽҲ´ࡣϵԴʮ֮һʣµԴ໹ûг졣˵ȻҲͬĿϻʣ²١
ԭܼ򵥣֮ûһ˳ɹȡߣôһɴ˹ﵽһ˵֡վһԴӰһڵķȥ
ʮһֱѹڵϢΪѴﵽɽڶ壬һֱѹƣ١ô꣬ҲӦɽڴԲľˣûУҲ԰һѡ
ôţƿ˷ţһ̣ȴվԭء
ڿһˣһж뿪ʱһΨ˳
ȥˣ
һʶæɢӦؽڵһС
ؽȻľˣϾǴˣʶܿ̽ȫط
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΢΢Щң૵ܣû˿ǰ뿪ʹңҲ֪
ѹסĵǣٴɢʶ̽һΣŴȫУһһ
ÿһɽ壬ÿһɽÿһľһ顣
ǣɣȻûзֳӰ
һɽʶλ紥һ㣬ĺ
Ȼˡ
³һѪ˫ǿնã޷Ϣܡ
ҿЦǲǣһˣȥԲԡ
˫Ѫ죬·ɵһ㣬૵˵šأ棬ȻȭһӴͷŶɱڿγһѾ޽ں֮ϡ
һ죬Ұˡ
ŭţ·𲻹һ㣬һźͷŶ
ʱŷ񣬷Բڵޣڵϣ
һνһιڵˮһٵš
֮꣬·Ϳһ㣬ɵɵں档
ҡ
˫УһѪ˳
ʱ䣬ữΪѪɴ˿ɼʹﵽһĵز

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뷿ݣڳľϿֿأͫһһͷŶľΪƬľ£һɼΪ΢Ϣ֣붨һһص󷨣һУ󷨾һն
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󷨣ҲɶˣʩչڲûҲʧ弸˱ıԵԥóʮƿ鵤һ̷£ٴξ𳤽һеΪһֱ󷨶
žһ飬һڶ֡
ǽ󷨺ֱڶУһ˽ȥ
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ٶȻһЩһ紵ļʧ
ţ˫ţһҧͺȵѪŲơ
һھѪϺһȥǶλ֮
ؽ䣬뵹һղţٶһЩѾˡ
ϵ޵ߣֻҪԪ岻
˼أΪӶȽڴԲ磬һֱ䵽ڣæȶԪ֮ѱٵǿ۶ʱһһĹȥһֱָ꣬һǰĺڶԥһ£еؽ䡣
ⶨλȥһΣضڶΡ
ⶨλȻõĸضؽڣǴ˽ˣȥѡ
ȥ˶λ󷨺ŭգȭͷŭŮˣҾ͸ȫҡ
˵꣬Ӱһ뿪ؽ䡣
һΣˣΪ˳
ͬһĵεΣԺУӰƬһ㣬ٵ
ҴӦ㣬Զٷֿˡ
ǻԶһ𡣡
ԺһҸ

ÿһ仰Ժһܣʹ޷ڳΪѾﵽɽڴԲľ磬ؽڣԭ޷٣һ뿪ٱ˲併١
٣١
ڲ٣ĺʹʹʧȥֱʲô
Ϊ˳ʲôԸȥ
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ԲһƬƬƷЩƵһٱ١
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ٻδγɣһɾ˵ѹγɣرض޵ߵĿ顣
Ǿס飬ΪԪӡǾסɢһ
벢֮ǰûټһ档
գһǿгΧõ󷨣Ӱ𣬡ҪȽ١
ɵУһЦе죬Ѫϵ·ڷҵҡ˫Ѫ죬ͬӦγһľ


ʮ


301 Ƚǰ
֮ϣܲƶ
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ҲǵģȻѡȽ٣ӵӦܵסһ׽١
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ӦΧѹˮ޵Ļû˵ûҪȽ١
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ˮȻȹ׽٣ֻ׽٣׽ٲǿֵ׽٣Կ϶ֻܵٶ࣬ΪҲҪɢʱȹԽ࣬ΪԽǿˮ޶ȹһٴϵ׽٣ڵ׽Ҳ
˰
ˮ޿ɥȥĵطɣСݲ񡣡
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Ų޷ʹã
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ʱ޵߹ۿգһᾭķ֣һӰڿٱȥͷһٵ׷
һǰɣһں׷
һĻû˻뵽
һȽٵˣѡһλ൱õĵط󷨣Եֵ׽١˵ãûԭصȴٵ٣ҷɡֻҪе泣ʶ˶֪ǶȽٵʱܣٵӡ
ϣһ޵ߣ˿̵ɴ۾
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ǻɱ룬ǲһɱضӰ쵽
˼Ժûѡ񵱳ɱ룬һֱ٣ɽڣֺޣԼΪԥûгֻɱ롣ĺޣΪܵڡΪɱˮ޺ѣˮޱɱҲѡ
ڣԺٸĶֻ֣ȡ
һȣʮֵ꣬ʱǸҲˡ
ٳ֣벢û뿪ӣԺ٣ǲҶ֡
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˲֪Ǵܻᷢʲôһٵˣһ֮ô᲻֪Ӧ̺ž˵ѹԺٿЦһԭвڰٵ׽٣ôһŪ»Ҫࡣ
Ժûз裬ûм׷ɱ룬ԶԶĸں档
û֪ʲôʱ䣬һɱʱ٣ָҲɱˡ
ٵʱһ޵߶ԶԶĶ㿪ڶȽ֮ʮ֮ڣΪȽٵˣǰΪ̫ߣʱֱӽڰϣʱٵŰߵΪߵͶӡ
뿼һˣܰ˿ӡ
ʶһȽٵʱ򣬺ߵģԸԵʵȽ١
ΪڣвٶȽߺͰͬʱȥ
ǹϵرãʮŵˡ
˭ԷȽ٣˵а˶Ƚ٣˵һЩǽ
ԺУȻΪͨ죬ԶȥӰЦһˣȻɱˣϵıҲ𻵡
Լ׵ʮ꣬һߡ
ʵԺ˵Ĳȫԣ¾Ͳ𻵣ڵȫʧˣϾܳΪ񣬱ȫһֻаһ˼ޣԴʩչǲܳΪ
ԺȴΪ뼴ʹǿͨپˣҲϾӵ˲࣬Щӵߣʮа˾ŶһѡʹߣҴҲƷ
һ·ǿ˶ԶԶĶ㿪ǲǾ룬٣ʵ̫Ŀˣÿһڶ׵ƺʱҪ䡣Щһ۾ͿԿٵǱѰ
˵Ҳɣе·ߣȸһʥء
ȸڣ峤ںһЩɱһ¡Ӧһ΢ѹԭûϣѹԽԽǿʱüͷֹȸеˣһȲѵɫ
ɫһ֮ڣ˶Ƚ٣
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Ҫ˭ôţȻȽ٣˶ȵ׽٣Ҳ׽٣ԥĳɱ˶Է
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ֵ˿ٵĸ߳˿ǧƣʱɴ۾
⡭
΢΢һ飬ȵŴ͡ôƣҪ¶׽١
ȸһˣͬţһʯ״ɵɵĿԶա


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ŭ룬ŭĺŪôǿ٣ԼӦǣαǣ
Ȼ϶±ɣǲĪȥһΪһᡣ


303 ҪȽ
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˶ǴڴԲľ磬ΨһͬǣϴԺûȫƴˡ
֮£ܵƣʶͺԺٵĹࡣ
ףĿԵ¶ԷĹ
ͬһͬ벻طһֵؿڣͬʱֵһȭ͵ͬʱ¡һӿڣֵĹѣɫһ԰ס
֣֮ûз·ٹʶҲ³һѪɫӲ԰ףڵϣҡҡλΣһܴǷ֮ɫƣЦСӣҿ㻹ֶܼá
˿̣Ҳ˵ϣһ˵ˣһȥ
ֻǼ󷨣һ֮£ʧ
ֲʧԿ϶ֻҪһ٣Ĺӱɡ
һ˵ȷʵ֣ǽ磬ƻ˴󲿷ֵ
ͷֵ֣׵磬һ֮£ضˣΪ֡
ڵ޵ߣȷʵ롣
ԥĴӴó鵤һöڵƿٵĻָϢָ֮
鵤оԵʥҩȸһڶûУǰ˾ȻӵС
ֵɵˣŵ㾹Ȼо鵤
һЦղŲҪɱڿԶˡ
һЦһȻãȻϷͳȫ㡣
ͺһ
ڵԪܰըһӴĻϢӭ澪̾˲ɫ
ɫ棬ͬͬĹ
벻Ҵ⣬æֵײһ嵶ɶǰҪɳ㳡ʱͷųһӴĵֵסǵͬʱɫٴαò԰
ͷѪΪۣǿֵ
ۿپҪ٣Ŀһȸһˣǿˡ
ȴͬոһ
ŭһ˷·Ҫɱ㡣
һЦûǸ
ֻΪױĻô࣬Ӱһǰ
ǡڴʱҲͬʱ£ٴΰ˰ߣΪ¡٣ʹΪÿһСֱô֣Ӱһ㿪ੵĹӲ١
੣ͬٹ޷ʩչ
Ũ棬ֵٲѣƬʱ㱻ˡ
ǱߣЩˣΪȻ룬ղŵֵٵʱѾˣ٣ʹܵҲҪˡ벻ੵֵٵĻᣬӰһ¡
㳡ģȸһ˿붯ɱǵ峤æ˵ס֣
˷ͺһ
ХʩչȻ
ЩȸһˣХڿ΢΢һ͡
һͣͣһԥĽɱ
੣յ٣֮δΧĽ£ɢ
꣬յƲٴϡǰʮΣΪһ飬һɱӣԶһ֮ڣȵġ
Ȼδ£ؼĿȴÿѹȻӡ
µĵ棬ѾѣʯϸĽӡ
ЩΪߵˣѹʱѪ磬ˡ
ȸˣŭ룬֪˭һɱΪ峤峤𡣡
е˶Ϊ壬ԱԪȥ


304 ʮ׽
ʮڵ޹ɫһ漴һЦͺһڡ
ʩչһ޴ĻְУϳֵǳʱһȾĻڣԶͿԱģΪӾ˵߳硣
һ˷ײڻϣӴʱû΢΢һţһѡڵΪȻѻʩչ˼ޣȻֻǿĵ£滹мˣײԵס
һҧӴóö鵤һ̷¡
ڵ·ҪǮһ㣬뵽ڡ
ڵõĲ䣬ѵĺۼٵĻָţգ۱ָԭ
ȸһޣײÿһײʹ־޴ĹѣÿһιѶ˲ָײ֮ڵľ鵤˴롣ס˵һ֮ˡ
Ϊʱ򣬵ߵ
ߵ٣̺ľˣһгֱ۴ֱֵ¡
ʱ򣬷ΪɱЩޡ
ȸһˣȼԪȻΪһЩȴٵĶ֡
£޵ӰɢӰ
ڣЦһû
ľˣղŷôľ鵤ˣ֮ȴûСʱ
̶̵ϢѾǧϵԪ
һȫɣ׽ƻڵ
ϲƻ𣿺ãҾƻ
׽һǧҲһö鵤ʧ
һǧԪκһ˵Ĵ
ȻٹȥЩĵԪԭĻع鵽ڣ˭ôԪƴġ
ʶеߣٵʱ򣬶ѡ赲
赲Ȼܱȴ޷׵ϴڵľ޷ڵʣþӼ̡
ˣӵԴעĲƽ
־оʹ׽ٵʹȹ׽٣乥ԿԺʹڵ޵ᲢۡͬȾ磬Ϊ£Ҫսʤȵ춼߳һȼսʤνñ̬˵ҲΪ
Ȼûӵб̬һš
е׽֮Ϊ˵޵ҲΪ
׽٣ʵôõµģԭ׽پǧһڣʱһƽ޵׽ٲΣһЩκ;ŴΣʮ׽ټΪټһŪ׽٣Ҫ˵ȹˣһ¶ˡ
һΣĺһ׽ٻǿʲô硣
֮⣬ԺٿʼЦΪٵĹһһʱҪ֪ٲΡ뾹Ȼûе£Ȼ֮ǿеֵ١
ȹ٣Ҳ̫
Ժ뵽һҲ󣬶ԷΪߵһľ硣
漴һ룬Ժ־ûֿܣȽٺȻҪٶȹ˵
٣ǧΣԵֵ
벻֪Լܲܽе٣Ŭȥ
ߵʧһɫʴë˳
оڵǰ࣬Ҳ˲١
һһ£תۼʮ
ھŵ׽µʱ򣬹㳡ϳ⣬е˶ȥˡ
ټĹ㳡Ѿȫѣ¡һ̮ˡ
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֮ϣƹٴοٵϣֻҪоʮ׽ٵ˶֪ʮ;ŵһʮ֮ǰ׽ٻǿʮ׽ֻñ̬ݣǾ޴ѹ÷ԲڵһȥɱȽߡ
̧ͷ٣ɫȻǰ׽ٲϢɽ䡣һΣʮϢȻû¡ʱһ֮磬ԲڶһЩΪߣԡ
ԺԶ֮⣬һˣΪһѪӿȥһ֣ڵķ򣬾µˣСӷˣȻʮ׽١
ӰһԺٿٵȥʮ׽ٻʲôʮʼÿһ֮£о쾪̺߿ԵֵġԺٲףεֵס֮ġ
ʱҲһЩԪɢ˲ָ
ھȻ̺һ޵»˲ʧɣ
ʧʲô׽£ǱĹ
Х֮Ҳ޷׵£һȴΪ𺳡
һСֵ֫ٽ£׵ϵľˣϵķ졣
ԭ٣ȻҲɫ׵磬ûд˿ϡ
׵绹δ£Ӧо˵ڵ龹ȻûпƵת׽һرɫҵķڣٴϣһ׽پҪγɡ
һճѵһҪγɣ
һĻֹһȣˡ
ʮ⣬޵߶֪⾿ʲô׽٣
Ͼʮ׽Ȼٳ֣ǧҲвٴΣʮ֮׽٣û֪ʲôӡ
˿һĻﾪ²ѣرɫԪЩ
⻹ʮ֮⣬ʮ֮ڣµ˲䣬˾Ҫˡ
Ժٻδɳʮʮ׽ٱӴʱһѪ
ôԶˣҲӻܼȥ
ԺѪ£ΪЩ䣬æʩչһһ뿪ʮ⡣ʱȫѾʪ͸ղһЩͷϵˡ
ʮ׽پдǰٵǧ
˿ֻӳԺ٣һȲѣȺвʶԺٵˡ
ǳʶԺ٣æǰһ֣Ϊڲų
Ժ̾ϢһһѾ
ʶȤû׷ȥǵôɿ˶Ƚٵĵĵطǲȸһʥڣ
ԺٵͷЦȸһ壬ˡ
ȸһ峤ΪܸߣӦܰڵתưɣ
̽Ƶʵ
Ժĺܽʱһˣֺǿɱ赲٣û뵽ɱ
֣Ľܿ¶ٴ𣿡
ΪȤʵ
ΧߣҲһɫ
ЩˣеǸߣеǿٸһЩ֪ͨǰۿˡ
ȻֻҪԶûκΣգ֮ûΣգû뵽ɵʮʱ򣬱оһӴѹѹͬһȽʱѹȡ
Ժüͷ̾Ϣһǧϰɣ
˵Ⱥ޲һ㶣ŵĿԺ١
Ժ̧ͷٵķ򣬿϶ٺǿʮ٣һ˿Եֵ
˵䣬ʮ׽Ҳ
ɫ·͵Ұһ㣬ٵķϣϹһڡڵĵڵϵпתÿתһΣ׽ڵһɵյڡ׽ʵ̫࣬һʱҲ޷꣬ʣȫ
ڷƿ鵤һûУв䡣
ɫ׵εƻͬʱ첢塣
ʮϢ֮׵ʧһֱֵһȴֵ
鲻ؼԷγɵıȻҲա
ˣҲȻγɣͬ鱾ͬԴ
δ룬һ𣬵ʮһ羶ֱ¡


305 ɶȽ
ӵʮ֮ٵߣÿһǰ
ǿĹǻ˱ˣˡ
ȴͬо鵤飬оŴ
ʮһٿʼþŴһͬѹôһȹ;ҲܵõͬЧһһ£һʱת۱ֵٵĿҲһǧΡ
ǧ֮ٴӣԲʮڣһɿ񱩵ѹ
ΧۿΪòٴ˺һֱʮ⣬ŸоһЩ
Ժٵ˾Ȳѣһ˾Ȼﵽʮһֱȥضȥ
󣬱ӣٿʼʱϱûҲ޷ʵȵĻ룬ΪܵʮپͲˣû뵽Ȼǧһûˡ
˿̣ڣƵĪˮˡ
ߣˮһЦ˰㵽ڸʲôôô٣֮£е󷨶ʧȥЩɱεֵˣ
˵̾ϢһΡ
ߣһǧ£˿̵٣ѾˮͰôˡ
£һ漴ָֻԭ
׽Ȼ鲻ԷγɵıȻ׽ٵͬʱ졣
ǰ׵ٶȺյ׵ԽԽ࣬ӱ˸һ׵硣϶϶ǰӵӳڼʹΪߵˣҲֵϾ׽ٵ
յ׵ԽԽ࣬յٶҲľˡ
һǧ֮һֹ⣬ȫա
ʵڵǿȫҲ¡
ȴٸֻǿˣǸ
Ͼ֮ʹǿҲ޷Ϊߡ
ǧ׽ٺÿһ׽ֻǿ黯֮ɵֵ
ʱٵ£һһǧ׽Ҫһգ׽أ
գϴһЦݡ
Ӿǧ׽֮󣬼ÿһΣϵѪ㱻飬Ѫģ
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ΧѾ˵ˣһǿ־֮ɫ
ˮҲò뿪Ķ໨ȥ
ʱ˶ע٣һ䣬ֻ뿪Ҳûȥעˮޡ
˶Ϊض׽£һδλе뷨ȹһһ׽١׽λãѹŨʹʶҲ޷͸ʶû֪зʲôԺֵ
壬һһΣȴһδλָ
ڣΪǿʹʮҲ޷ķ
Ϊһķ˵ϱ̬
׽ٻڼû֪һ߶ԶΪظﵽôľ硣
¡
֮ϣһҰ𣬾þõĻص
ŭˣ޾ŭ⣬ȥ
ΧЩûжȹ׽ٵ޵ߣ֮£ȻԪɢ
ȥɫٴѿЩΪλ޵ߣûȥߣֻʵԶˣһԼôһЩȹ׽ٵˣҲԥ֪˭һͷ˶ʼˡ
ԺרעĿյ׽٣һ׽º󣬷Χһˣ΢΢һ㶣ȴе˶ˡһ˼֪еԭҲΪһԶ׷ȥ룬ʼ׶ԷԺֵ˶١
ʱ䣬㹻ܶ飬ϣжȽϵ޵߶ˡ
ǰۿ׽٣
Ҫ֪׽ٱֻҪڹۿ׽ٵʱ򣬲ΪߣһٳΪˡΪˣΪﵽԲľ󣬾ֱӳҪֻҪ㹻˽⣬ܱΪˡ
޷ǿгˣֻһ³
ͷϣƿٵţʣµƣѾһǧ׽١
ûһǧ׽٣Ͳܳ׽٣Ԫ񣬽ۿۡ
ûκԥӰһԶٷȥ
֮£ǿзУĴۼ󣬼ÿɰҪһö鵤
ҴҵҲġ
һУΪϺٵƣٴθ֡
һĻԶΧ۵޵ߣȫʹһЩϹʱҲ̲סŴ͡
˷𣿾Ȼ׽ܡ
ѵ֪ʹ׽ٵĽĸࣿ
ҿһɱˣȶ
ȺҲдˣһ۾ͿĿġ
ҿ׽ٸ壬׽ٲãȥ
˻һ˶ɴ۾Щⷴ
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ӦҪһ
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Щɣͬ뿪ʹһЩǳأҲǿһˡ
ѾΪһ̸ɫ׽ٷͺ񿴵Сʱʧȥ
ϧʥ̫ԶҪ׽ǰȥҲ
׻һһ壬֪ô룬һѪ
ʧһɽﱻΪɽ
ΪɽڴޣʮҲв١
ЩޣƷһŭš
һһ뿪ȻҲ֪Ƶ
ټɽϢʱ䣬һҲȫ뿪ٶȿľˡ
һ·Ȯǲ룬׽١
գѶȽٵĵĵطɽϣûɣûгǳأҲûʲô
һɽȴûʲôȴޡ
޺߱ͲԳһ壬ϸĵȼƶȡ
ɽڶһ޶ߣΪѾֻ̤޾硣
ɽڵ£ȫ˾סɽ׽ٵķŭ
СӣʲôΪܲܶȹ׽٣Һ﷢ģһҪɱ㣬㾹ȻһҼ԰
ŭɶԸо׽һ£˵ѾĿȫǣ̮Ҳ޷ǰˡ
ĻֻƵžԺлص
ٴ£ϣɵĵֵ
屻׽һδθı䣬ļѾ׵֮ΪǾȻȻȱҪ̺׵֮ѾﵽһֲĽ׶ΣֻҪ׽һһͻƴڣﵽɽڵΪ
ϵȸһĴԪͻΪͬ˲١
һԵķֻҪͬԵΪ
һ㣬֪ȴû뵽ڸϵİ£Ȼֹɡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪԸ⣬ɵԴﵽ˵ľ硣
ΪˣҪʵ̫࣬󣬼ʹϵе׵ɣҲ޷ﵽ˵ﵽˣҲҳû˵ĵ˵ľ磬ֱ
׽һνһζȹһαһɣڣȹǧŰپʮŵ֮ɫȻΪһ̣ջָƽеͻȻһγһ޴ɫƣϿա


306 һ
ɫڣɢӴѹ屻ѹ֣µʯأʱΪĩ˫ȣҲ롣ѹǿȳ̶ȣɴ˿ɼһٵﵽĳ̶ȡ
˿̣Χۿߣòˣһ˾ǰ
һ٣˰Сʱγɡ
һ£졣£ԪЩ
Ǳ
ͷ뱣סһ˿һ֮£ɢ
ʹˣ뻹³һѪɫüΪ԰ס
£壬Ȼ߻ڵľ鵤ӭŽ١
٣ˮͰһϸֻɫϺɫϽɫ
Ͻɫ׵磬һ㣬Ӵϡ
һ˲䣬ռ·ֹͣһ̡
漴һӴĵڣֱײƻڵ
ٴηãĿ£ٵš
˴֮⣬ڵľԪԼ塣
һȷʵľˣһ˲䣬ЩͷյʱѾ١һСʱĿ⣬ڵֵסһ
ղŷһУͷƤ顣
׽֮ջָԭϽɫƣȴûɢڿС
ΧѹѾڣ壬ʯС
ȣ
ͺһӰһɳ죬ڿС
Χ׵飬̮ɽ壬̾Ϣһ
ҿѡĵط̣ɼ壬ѻˡ
δ룬ԶһӰһǰ
һֻܣƬɽΨһߣڰ⣬һֻȴٽ
δһ죬Сӣ
ɫһԷӺ΢΢һ㶣漴ô£ΪǸ˵ѣʵڡ
Ǻ˵ʱӰһǰһƣ޴ӡ
ǰһˡڣ֮Ѿﵽһֲ˼ľ硣
˵ܵһƣʩչҲĵ¡
һдź޾ŭ˲ǰûҲûʩչֵԻһ㶡
ӡϣžһʧ
ܵһû뵽Է͵Ĺ
԰٣˷ŭСӣܵ٣Һܾȣܵǧ𣿡
Ļ˵ֻ꣬⣬һ֮󣬾֮⣬Ҳ
ٸһЩΧ۵߱Χ˹뿴ûˣУǿɱ˶ᱦ
ϧЩ˵ٶȲúһ
Щ޵߿֣˶ſЦɫ
Ϊܶȹ٣Ӧվ˶룬Ӧˡ
޲мʹɱ룬Ҳߡ
ǿǿ㵲˺Ĺ󣬶һ㶣Щ˻ŵż۾
ʱһˣҪǵסǵӡ
ˮ޴Ѿصϣʩչǧﴫ
΢΢һЦʶɢӵϿգģҲ¡
˵꣬üͷ΢΢һˣٵĵϷȥ
Ͱ׻һ塣
Цһ֪Щ˷໨˵䣬Ż֡
벢ûǰȥ֪ˮ޵ΪȻǣֵһỹûġ
˷޷Χм䡣
񿴳ǰ޲ʮ˶ޣҪɱɱɡ
Ǻһŭ룬СӣҪΪ¸ۡ
ɽѾҲް취Ϊ£ͷϴ
磬һǿʳĵط
ЦһźҪΣ
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Ҳ뿴ڵΪܲɱڴԲޡ
ŭһȥУȻŴ󣬷·һСɽһѹ˹
ͻȻУӰһȥ
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ϣ׹һ׸֣ȻĽ´ߵȫһ
һȴǷڴԲô򵥣оȻһ˿
ʶԷһʩչǿķ
ɱѣԱ߻вߣЩдͨߣһˣȥ
ӺĹеȻֱֶȥ
ûаĹЦһϳһɫĻ֡
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Ѫһֱ壬ƻڵľ
һĵƶʱһͣŵĿ롣
Ӱһ㿪˺ĹʶһС
ҵĺһһȥ
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ȺΧķһֻŭһɱΪ𣡡
ɱ
죬ֱϾ졣
ŷޣһ˫ɱӿ֣
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ȷе˵ǵһ
ϣʬ£Ҳˡ
һˣһɱ¾ɱڣϵ׳
ʶһ˳Ϊʮ޷ȥ
޿֮󣬲δʩչֵǿȻ𵽹ӳɵãû˵ֱΪû˵ܹʶЩʱһŴͣһŵӡ
ֶκܼ򵥣޵ڣǵ
ʮȥʣû쵼ߣ¶־ɫ
Цһɱ¾ЩҲλᣬǿ
Ϣʱ䣬ʮޣȥһ㡣
˿ٶȣԱ߹ۿ޵Ҳ̾Ϊֹһɴ۾
ںˣ֪˭һеĺɢ
ˣѲɱǵǵļ԰ֻǸħͷǸɷǣ¶ԶܶԶ
ɢûмתԶȺڿȥЦּˡ
ԺһЦ֮ǰ뿴ûˣ˾ɱûˣȥԺǡû뵽ûȥǶԷԵȴˣЦһѣּˡ
ԺٵΪݣԭӦ˿סղţۿԷɱʮ޾һֻһ򵥣ȻҲɱʮޣɣˡʶѾͬȼǿһС
һڴһХþõĻص
ΧΪߣѪʹΪԺһ㣬ҲǶݵ
һʧͨʵ̫ˡ
һʱ䣬޵ﶼôһͷ
ԭ׼ֻɱߣòĵ뷨
뿴ûԱߵˣֻԺٵϣѡһķʽɣ


307 Ų
Ļ󣬶һ㶣̳Ժٿȥ
İɻ÷֮εǰ֮ˡ
Ժɫһôǰȥ棬ŭСӣ㲻Ҫ̫ݡ
Ȼ㡣
ЦһûаԺٵĻҰŮ͸㣬ζҵģ
ԺɫЩѿ˵ʱɱ㣬ҲԣѾȥ
ŻȻԭô¡

ЦĿԺ٣ʵֻɱңѵҲɱ㣿
ԺٵǵΪΪɱ𣿡
ЦһԺ٣Ϊһ߷ǰҿô꣬ҲӦ˽ᵱˡ
ɢѪĹâ
ԺЩˣȵ룬ҿ÷ɱҡ
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308 
˵Ļһֲ©ĶڣأоŲƷ·ӵǻһ㣬΢΢һΪȡⶫѵǻۣˣŲƾԿԿƷһĴڡ
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309 
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ŮӴźɫ·Ůһ£һ˰£һ˺¡
ӷǰ߰ʵ诣ȷû˽ֹ
诿϶ĵͷ󣬰ǧĴ˵㲻֪𣿡
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ȽٺԺǸ֪ȥǾͼһɡ
գǰһȥһߡ
Ȼӵʱ˵û˽ƣǻЩġ
һƻڣһˮûǾˡ
Щģ뱣Ůİȫ˵Ĳ˵һġ
Ϊ棬˵ֵܵٵ˭
ЦŽӵɣ
ֻ˵˵󣬶һ㶡
Ǳ诣΢΢һ૵Ҳ
ǺһЦ诽㣬Цˣô롣
Ϊŵ˵ǱˣߵʱǶɽΪ
᲻ţʱȻǶȽٴԲҲô٣ֻΪһ磬о˵ôǿ١
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δȱ诿ڣȴӵǱˣûвܵ¡
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޷ǵòȴΪնȹ׽٣汻֣ûɢȥ
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ȻʱǵãӰ£ãǡ
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Ļٴ˵ķ˼
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ɽȻҲֻòϵ÷һ⣬û֪䡣
ˮȻ֪׻һӡˣʲôҲ˵
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ӵף뿴ǽķ·ͬ̾Ϣһǰˮ޼ʹҲץˣֻǲ֪һǷߡһǰٴοһӴϡ
ַˮ޸
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ڵ֮ν˶Ƚһ޵ߵжֻҪ棬ȫơ
ȻҪ뿪Ҳһ취ǾԾѪ֮ǿп⡣


311 
ˣշɽڣӦһӴѹ
ţǵʧȥж໥һۣж¶֮ɫ
Цһ޷뿪ˡ
Ҳû뵽Ǹʱ򣬲ûиоκѹͺ֮
Ȼɹڳֻ֣һֿܣ󷨸ձ
ɫһԺϺǰ֪Ϊβȥ
ӵ£ӰɫһӦϵˣһЦ
󷨣ӻָû뵽ȴԼˡ
һӣѹӵףƬ̺һԺڡ
൱ǱһڵϣǾȡ
Ƿϲƣ²⵽ˮ޲ɱǡ
ԣˮޱ׻һĴߣϾǴԣǲģȴû֪
ʶ¹Ϊµ˻ˮޡ
ʻʱͻȻǰһֵǰ֪Ǻ⣿
վڷڣڲ󷨣Ҳӡ
ʵش𣬵һ룬˸ղʵ̫ðˣˮѾˡ
˼䲻һɱ˶龭治֪ôġ
뵽׼һЩѵѧˮ޵ǿ֪Ǳĵ̡
һǰҪִ񡣡
һִ񣬾Ҫҵĵ̷ɹ𣿡
诿Цһ֪ԷﵽʲôֻҪӲͷƤǰԽֻһ·
Ȼ϶˶粢Ϥһǻһǲ֪ɣ
ȷʵ֪֪ҲҴ֮·ߡ
̾ϢһΪ˱ȫˣֻҪǰʵڲ֪
˵ˮ޷ȥתһ룬־ûܡ
һȫԼˮޣ֪ͿǰµĴ𣿡
һŭ̲סʵǰôҲҪɱҪΣ㡣
ͷһӡ
ڣվԺУֲԤС
Ȼһ
޷㣬ʶֻܴһڣ
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ٴγĬƬ̺ģˮ޵ʲôԸ𣿡
诿϶ĵͷظʲôԡ
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⻰һ᲻֪е˼ԺȴӰУܸ㡣
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УΪ򶨣򶨵ԭȴ϶ǰˮ޿϶ʶ룬ˣ֪Լ顣΢΢һЦ˫һգգĿŷ䴦ǰ治ʶҵ
ˣȴ֪ĵ뷨һɴ۾
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˿̣Ǿƻá
ͷһɨϣʲôʱͻƵģ
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뱾ܿӵ󷨣ֻ벻ˮʲôϵΪܿ󷨡
һ룬֮ľԶˡ
뵭һЦ˵Ļ߰ɣǽȥ˵
ڣºЩ򵥵˵һ䡣
ڰʮǰ磬ز죬һɼ롣
λϵش½š
ʮ꣬㰲񣬶εȥӶԷһš
ʵŸ鷳еݺҪɸ߽ǰȥܱܿ·Χɱĵͽȴͬ˭Ҳ뵽һҪźߵϡ
ϵݣȻ֪ȴ֪ս¡
սÿһΣֻжɽϵ߲ʸǰȥ
Ǵ˵Ϊˣڹ涨ʱǰɽһ󣬽С


312 
ÿٰ꣬һսֻҪΪ˶ȽԺ󣬶Աȥȥ֮ʲôУɱ˶ᱦҲսʮսƣֲڸطֻҪõԺ󣬱սʸ
ЩǵǸɸġ
Ҳٶ꣬һսûп
˿̣˵Ļ벻ʵȷս꿪ʼһΣ
֪룬͵ǰǣˣ
üͷһ壬ıʱ䣿
诵ͷڰʱ̫̣ܽԽԽ٣սԽԽ࣬ʹսƵļ۸һ䣬ʶɽı˹ԭİһΣıڵǧһΣ󣬱սʱ䡣
ͷֻжɽڲȥĹظıû
ҡҡͷû䡣
˵꣬ʲô룬Ҳ׼ȥ𣿡
ȻҪȥȥĿΪʥˮǶļ۸ܸߣȻʯ࣬Ҳ˶١ʥˮ壬Ϊָνǲɶõı֮һȥսһΪʥˮΪսơ
ûսƣɱܣ󷨾ͲƳġ
ս֮սΪߣսһڣᱻսͷŵɱɽƶĹֻأȴ޷ı䡣ҪıҲУΪˣֵܵסսڵ
ܵס˭磬Ͼɽ֮ʺ
ʥˮȻãɽʲô㡣
ͷȥһ
诱û˵һ£ʵ룬׽ȹ𣿡
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Ȼô˵ȴˣѹɱôˣԭȹ׽ǿ
벻֪ˮȥ˺֪ܿʵ֪ˮ޵𣿡
读ش˵ˮޱ׻һץˣǲģȴ֪
⻰һɱһ塣
Ѿȥ塣ǶȽ֮ǰ϶ûаգȽ֮󣬼ʹڶ޵Ҳʹȫϣһɵɱ
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ͷվȥʲô㣿
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ٴ𺳣ʵ
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诸мĿһۣ漴ҵھˡ
ûж˵뿪ӣصҪΪȹ״̬
壡
ȻǵһΣȷʵȫƾ
ϴȸһ壬ǽٵû٣ɡ
һպ뿪ӣ׻һڷȥ
˿̰׻һڣǶɽϵߣۼڰ׻ڡ
Ϊ峤ǰΪս¡
ֻɽƶµĹбһκ嶼ӵԼĳǳأûжơ
ʧʵ̫ˣ嶼
ǰֻ߿Իóǳأһֻһǳء
ڣӵжҲӵС
սֻҪжֽţʤ
սƣȴѻãһΣǲѵõǧģѾûжˡʹǮҲδõټڵӣΪ˴£Щɽϵˣչ꣬Ϊս׼
׻һڣ⣬˶ȥ
ܴﵽһöƣһսĻᣬܻʮϵĳǳأ͵ڻǧƿʥˮ
ÿǳڶһأˮÿʮƿʥˮ˵ɽʹͣȾۼʥˮıȴųǳصĸۡڡֻȱƶɣֻܷڸۡڣȴ޷ߣΪ߶С
˵ⱦƶɣǲģȴö֪
֮ڱصãõĳǳء
һǰˣǵĿʮϵսƣǵòͲҪˡ
Щӣæ˵ǣ峤
ͷߵһӵʳ𣿡
ʱһʶˣڴѲİ׷ɡ
׷ҡҡͷûУʲôҲ˵
ֹһʩչջ֮ˮ޵ʶȴӵһӴÿν붼ɢ
ڣ׷ɲûõҲĪĴ˳
󣬱ˣصŻָΪǶȽһĻΪˣûȥۿǶȽ֮˵ӣ׷ɱ뵽룬νŭɶΪ֮ܶȹ٣ȫΪ
Ӧ׷ɵĶ
ŭ֮ɫ֪ʲôƺ󣬾ȥɱԺ٣÷ǡ
ǰһսƾȫ֮Ȼ÷֮ȴûɱԷ룬÷ڡΪûսƣгϵսƣ߼ߣշ׷ɱԺ١
Σǵõսƺ󣬵һľ÷ǡ
÷ǳˣһ綼֪
Щͬ˷ĳһֲѣΪսˣȱѡǡ
սܽȥΨһ󣬾ó룬߸߼սơ
ͬ˵һ±չʱҪº󣬱Ŷһȥ
ؼˮޡ
ˮϣһɫĴ
屻ƣʶڣˮʶҲָ˲١ֻ޷ΪȴûָָҲûãΪ˼ǿ󷨣̫Ԫڿνǹһһ졣
׷ɴӦĦˣЩˣһЦ
ꣿ
Ѿһ꣬ʣꡣ
ˮڵܼʮ꣬ˡ
Ԫ˵ʱӣ𽥼ء
ȫ󣬱ˮ뿪ʱա
߽ӦˮϵüͷҲоˮ޵ʱղˡ
ˣһ䣬Զ޷֪ˡ
ľˣ׷޷ڵȫȥ飬ֲ
˳ǳأͲһˣÿڶй̶ЩȫɳѰһ䡣
δȰߵǰˮޱٺһЦһСʣʮһʣ
⻰һŭҲǱˮޱƵģ˾Ȼ˵
ˮޣ
ŭˮޣ޺޵˵ǻ˵ǵ䣬̡
ˮЦЦΪȻ˵̣ЩʱõĻôţɱң¿̣ҽȥõĸʹһЩôǲˣ˵˻ġ
ȷʵҰȥСΪˮѱƣˮɱˡĴڣ޷ʹԪ֮޷ˣˮ޲Ż˵ļ
ˮһӣһһɫƮ
棿
ˮһΪȵĿŰ졣


313 Ҫ
棬ɴƶɣԻɱ˵Ԫ
ͬȾ޵ߣǱ湥ɡ
ʶˮ޿ʱһͰ쾳ͬȻûлָڣ֮ɱԲ󣬵ȴ湥ꡣ
ˮ΢΢һӣЦһǲ˵ļʮ
ˮһЦɡ
ûаˮ޵ĻЦŵұΣбɱҡ
ˮŭŰ죬ɱһɱ㣬ɱ㡣
⻰ʱ뵽һˣһ漴ʲôΪȻ˵С׷ŲƣȫޣΪܻŻ𣿾ܹŻϷҲ
ô˵ȴһʯͷĻҲ޴롣
ôܱնɱΪԼɱԷ
ˮ޹һЦƺ˰ĵķǷңҿԱ㲻
Цһеķ㣬϶ˡ
ڰʩչ֮𣬹ˮ޵ʱ򣬰׻һʥأɽȻһΡ
ɫһ漴ӿȥȥôˣ
ʶӦһ£ȴδʲôʱɻ
׷Ӱһʧɽڡ
˿̣ɽ֮ʣˣˮ޺ٺһЦˡ
ɫһʹˣҲҪɱ㡣
ˮ֮ԱǵЦЦǲмû
⻰ĶǷŭ𣿼Ȼ˵ûҾ㿴
һӣָԾ֮һ˸ٵˮ޷ȥ˲䴩ˮ޵ϣ뵽֮ڡ
ˮʹĺһϵļŤƺڳܴܺʹࡣ
һЦˮԽʹ࣬ԽǿģڸһҿԼʹࡣ
ˮɫбɱҡ
ЦҲɱ㣬Ҫʹģ
ʱٴɽһӰǰȥİ׷ɳڰߡ
ףǸˡ
׷ɵǵ˵ڹڴ󷨵ֵ˶á
ɫһշǸ
շ˾ŲƣѾ
׷ɵ˸оɫΪڱϢǵʶ޷̽顣
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ˮȻʹ࣬ＫΪģССбɱүүɱˣᷢǸ㡣
ˮһۣǺɱˮޣϾΪ൱ֻ֮ˮʹ࣬ȴ޷ɱ
ߣ
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׷ȴǿЦһڸ׵
˸ֻ߳žһ죬ţʥȻζ
һ£·֮ϵ񣬽̤žŲƣХ
츸ˣͬʱһУ롣
ʶ֮ϣ΢΢ЩȣȻû
׷Ƿŭ֮ɫŭ𣿡
΢΢һЦҺϧû˽죬ˡ
кâһֱڰ׷ɵϡ
׷һ·𱻿͸ź亹
̫ˣԷһĸоɽڵΪôӵ˴ͨ
Ƿŭѣŭ룬ʲô
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޵ЩδɹԼ˵壬һ
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ӶХǰ׷ɺХȥ
׷п־֮ɫһȻŴ󣬱ɱģ
һ޴ƶͷͺһƶ侶ֱȥ
װһ𣬲ûв죬ƶʧֻ΢СһЩ
зƲ׷ɶȥ
׷ɫһ䣬æתܣ֪δоһӴѹ
ѹ£׷ûκεֵͷܸоֻҪ򣬱ɡ
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Ӳܣܻŭʲô
׷пԣǿ򣬲Ҫ
׵Ļ׷ɲòش𣬡ףǶǿ
˵֮ͷҲԶŲƶȥ
һĻϰ׻һ˶ɴ۾ǵ峤ֻʩչһͨͱԷˡ
ٶʵ̫ˣڰ׷ɵ壬ۿҪ׷
ԶӵȻϾĶӣʱ򲻵òȡ
Ӱһûģ׷ȥ۾ͼڰ׷ϵɲǣ
񱩵׵磬֮˰׻һ峤ϡ
׵ڣƻΪߣȻص
ֻǣȻֵס򣬵ҲΪѣһѪ˳
ˣ׷̾Ϣһɵ׵ߣɫʮֹ졣
񣬺˵ף֪׽ٵ˰ɣΪҪˣҸ¡
һߣῴʲôڵȥﵲš
⻰׷һ㶣ףҪ
һüͷȵȥ뿴𣿡
׷ɺݺݵĿһۣһҧתȥ
ŭ룬ȥߵѪЦСϷʹҲҪɱ㡣
Цһ𣿡
ڷϻˮ޺ȻУŰһаն
ѪĽХŰȥ
û㣬ˣǶ㿪ڵ˲֪Ҫ١ǰһģķγɣһֱʮֹͣʱɫ԰ɫ·ȻڵѾ͸֧
͸֧ڱˡ
ͷգȻļʲ󣬵һԡ
ᣬѪĹâڻϣֻһһ顣
ţڶ
Ƭ̵Ĺʮȫ顣
ɫ԰ףͺһԱ
ͷɱԪԱһӴаնһȥ
һڣɵ¡
棬׷ȥױɱһҧߵһ˵Ŵߣҵ¡
˵ͷһ֣ߣ
˾Ҫ뿪ҷɢ·һЦϹһؽС
ȹ׽Ժؽһµͨ
һͷŶؽϹ⶯
һӣͺȵ졪ء졪򡣡
һҫ۵ϹͷŶڰ׻ɽ֮ϣγһΪӴ
ǰһĻ׻һˣ޲ɴ۾
׷ɸŴͣŵĿͷؽ䣬ʧ㾹Ȼ
ʲô˲֪Ϊ׻һ峤᲻ֻ֪ͷų


314 
ʲô
׷뵽;ñ
Ϊе
˵ԪӤ޵ߣԪӤ壬ʩչһ
ǿÿΪĲͬӵеҲͬ
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üͷһ壬ʩչؽڵͨΪһַûôࡣ
׷ɵĻЦһȥˡ
ɢٵ׷ɵ˹ȥϰ׻һˣ˰׷ɻǿֵ⣬һ
Щ׻һˣжմһĵѪȻҪ壬һ
ûдʹǰ׻һˣ˰׻һ塣
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ŮһɨԷʱһЩԪ
̫ˣԷһЧԶġ
Ůţȴ˵ѣʥˮѾˣʲô
ϴŭȻ⻰ʲô˼
һٸһλᡣ
Ůһ죬СѵҪҵ壿

ɫһȻУϺۿҪŮӳ֡
Ůˣ˵ѣһ¡
ڳˡ
ûͣϽһֱŮӶȥ
ŮɫһǰһӣһɫԲ̸Уϵһɫƶ䣬Ϊ档ԲתɢһϢȻһֻϢŨȻƷ
Բһ֣ȻŴһ֣ȥ
һ໥ŮӺɫ԰ףһѪ˳
ĿŶԷûм֡
ŮӿЦһҰеĶңΣ
ҡҡͷûˡ
ŮЩˣ뼴ֵɲǣѣɱңһġ
ǲɱ㣬ĳҲڡ
˫ۣʶŮӵϣϺаնȻŮӡ
ŮףʹҲ޷Էµֵŭ룬ƺҪ˿
󣬺ɹаնֱûˡ
һУϵĴʶһɨ¶Ц⡣
ⴢУƿʥˮһöսơŮʱ򣬱սƺһЩʥˮǰΪܸߣǱ㲻֣ΪɱԷ¶֮⣬뻹Կ϶Ůܣðȥ
ɽʣʥˮ뿪ɽȡ
Ƭ֮Ůӵϣ׹һΪӡ
ȥķŮɱ⣬СӣҪɽ翴㣬㱻ģһҪɱ
˵꣬üͷɽȥ֪ĸʹߣȻӵ˿µҵľ̶ɹơ


318 Ϊͻ
뿪֮غ󣬱һ·С
˰죬ֿһɽȣûȴƲ㡣
һ£Ŵ뿪壬ϵɽڷȥ
˴Ҳ˸򣬶Ŀĵķš
ôһѰʥˮļҪһЩȹ׽ٵķڴԲߣȻܿ϶һɱԷѵĿܻеġֻҪȥʲô޵ߣһɱ
ʱ䣬սڱһ˵̨
ɽȵʱ붼ǰȥʥˮսƣߣԥɱ
ǿˣȫҪ䴢ǲãôͻɱԷȻᴢսڲһµʱ䰴˴룬ʥˮսҲ𽥵
һգսмһطһ޴ɽȡ
ɽûκȻϰıɷȥ
ɽڣ㿴ɽ洦Կʥˮغɢڵϵսơ
Ȼ˶ʥˮսƵĵطûˡ
ߣһ붼
ҷΪʵۼһ˭ûȥɽڵĶ
֮˶߿вʶ֮ˡ

Ǹȹ׽ٵˡ
˺ö塣
ûǸŲʦ˵
УһŮӣ˵ʦ硣
ڴ󲿷ֶɽϵĵǰ󣬿Цһߵһ˵˼䡣ҡҡͷû˵̾ϢһڵĵӼ򵥵һڵȥ
˿ľٶɻ̾ϢҲ˸뿪
Ƭ̣ټɽڣֻʣ²һˡ
һֱؿˣ˷еʱѶ£ǿˡ
ղʶɨɽȣִ˵һٶöսƣʥˮֻҪĵĶõôսƣнӽöˡ
սֻʮöսƣõ㹻ˣսƣЩҲ޷
Ϥˣ߱һεģó˴ڵϡ
ЩϤˣһ䡣
ЩûóһɨһλᣬóϵĴ
һ߶âڱдѴ˳
мΪΪǿЭûн
Уǰ罻̸Ǹӡ
һֻ趯ǰţһ֣뵽ڡһкͺ˼ߣȥ
һĽЩûн˹ȥ
һڣ˽⣬⣬һɵ¡
ȻӵߣҲǿס
Ⱥ˼ǿ˹һһȥ
ͬ罻̸ߣһѪǰҲ޹⡣
ˣ£λʹߣŭ룬ѣҿʹߣɱң
ʹߣ
ЦһӵֲǵһɱˣɱһɱһҲûʲô
ûлشĻ¸Ƿ޺޵ɱң񲻻Ź㡣
뿴һۣƽ˵᲻ŹңҲ֪֪ڲŹǡ
аնͷŶ˷ȥֻǿֵƷܵסĹȫȥ
һɱҪľЧ
ɱ˺뿴һˣֻ˵֣
ţ˵Ŀ£ɽȣеʥˮսƶ
һк뿴ûһۣȥ
ɽڵˣ㿴ңҿ㣬̿Цһ
ûм̽ѰսþŴһɽȣ֮С
ɽڣʹкöҲʮ֮һ
ЩҪҲգϾ̫˷ʱˡ
սÿǧ꿪һΣһʮֻ꣬еʱ䶼ȥ
˼µʱ䣬˲ʮ궼δ£ò˵һ漣
ʱ䣬սпɣҲǿԡ
еʥˮãӴڣٵš
սڵһɽڣһӴ
һ˲䣬սڵĽƾȻʧˡе޵߶ɢʶ߸Ӧ
ǿɽŨһʱɴ۾
ˣȻͻˡ
е˶뵽룬ЦһæµԼ顣
ˣֹ꣬ΪӴ˳ڣһٴﵽ˳ڶ壬ȴûͻơ
㣬벻òֹͣ
еʥˮˣΪòٴѰʥˮ
սڵʥˮʣ޼ʹȫҲ޷ٽһ㡣
ڵڵҪ֮࣬νÿֲݡ
ڵڣٵԲ
룬ͷƤǲʥˮƾؼȻҲܴﵽͬЧûǧʱ޷ͬӵԼһǧ꣬ѹ˽꣬ʹʥˮ޷ɽ硣
ڵĸҲֻڶ壬ʹΪȵľ磬Ҫûϰ޷ôһ㣬ʱ͸ˣʹʥˮǰûаʱҲ޷
ʥˮ
밵̾ϢһѵҪȥгʥˮ
ͷһ֣ͷˣЩȻʥˮÿֻʮƿҲáܰеĳǳضǧƿȻ࣬ҲһˡԲڣڣԲ硣
磬ӳڵڣҪǧƿڵڣҪǧƿʥˮӺڵԲûһƿܡ˶ʥˮʹҲҪꡣѹЩߣǧһŴﵽԲľ磬ʵûʥˮٺãٶ࣬ҲҪǧϡ
꣬ûôʱ䣬Ҳȥȡ
ʵڲУͰһΣǴ壬ɳǳأȥ
һ£Ϳ뿪ȴͻȻսмǸɽЩ֣Ӱһɽȷȥǰʱ;ɽһۣмλãϤĸо
ԣϤĸо񿴵һַ󷨡
󷨣ؽڣҲ
λ󷨣
һӿٶȣƬ֮ϡ
Ƕλ󷨣ƾžŲƣʹ˿ռѷ죬ҲܶʱķС
Ǻ棬ѷ쵽ͨһεͨ
Ǿ˵սÿһսһ
ˣÿ꿪һսл۳ǧƿʥˮԭڡ
ûʥˮأܳʥˮӡϲγɡ
ÿ꿪һΣѭÿһսڶʥˮ
ˣѵУϰٸսɣ
뵽ϲǼӿٶȡ
սڣе߶ȴսĿõϲûеõȴЩɥ
һɽڣŵȴţͻȻ̧ͷգȵõôණǱ߷ȥʲô
漴̾ϢһڵӵעΧķ֣ǧ˷
ͬʱսһȺˣҲڵȴ󷨵Ŀ
ɽ£󷨵ΧһȺǿ߾ۼ
ȺУźٵӰ˿̽ȭͷһЦ룬㲻Ҫɱ˺þˣϷһ͸һԱǰɱ֮𡣡
Ѫ֣Ȼ룬Ժ޵˼㡣


319 췢
ԺŭɽķλߵˣǸǵĳеˣеձɱĳǿߡȻЩ˵Ŀֻһٴ˲󷨣֣һɱ
ʱ䣬󷨾Ϳˣʱսе˶ᴫͳ
ԺٿһΧˣʼɣ
˵ͷӰΧ󷨡
൱ӣҪʯƣɼеˡ
ΪɴǰȫɾҲɱ
Ȼ磬ûɽʯҲû޷ȫ
УȴһʶҲܰӳһϡ
ֱɱ룬ͬʱ֣뼴ʹҲҪˡ
ңԶ޷ָˡ
Ƭ֮ɣ޲һ
Ϊʱ䣬󷨿ǰˡ
ǳߵԺٵߣ֣Ҫȫˡ
ԺٵͷβɴڣСӼʹҲȻӳ
΢΢һЦһɱϴϷһҪȫ
ԺٵСӲֻһһˣô죿
˿̣Щ
ڰ֣ĵ˵Ųƽսڣ֪£ʹȫķһҲҪˣֻǾŲЩ鷳ֵʱһ˾ͺ׷ˡ
ԺҲ¶֮ɫֻҪ֣ʩչռ󷨣ȻŲӹıӲˣʹűˣҲҪһɱıȻ׷ɱķҲ١
ͷΪ۵ҵﻹʱֻҪСһЩ´ĴɱСӲѡ
ϰۼһ𣬵ȶ
Ƭ֮ͨսϣ׹һһ߳֡
Ժٵ۳ͨȴĳ֡
׹һŮӳ֣ŵĳ֮һ硣
ŵӳ֣һ۱㿴Χصǿߣһ
ôǿʲôΧ󷨣ѵɱγߣʥˮսƲɡ
˿̣սڣһӴ£е޵߶һֻҪųȥᱻǹߡ
ͬӦǹüͷ
һֱоǸλ󷨣ۿҪƽ⣬ȴ뿪ʱ䡣
һ˲䣬ԥѡ˺޵߲ͬĴ𰸡뿪
뿪Ƿľ뿪ȴ󷨿ǱҪһꡣ
ʱ䣬;ÿ£ûŨȻʥˮҲܳô졣һ꣬ɡڵһʱѡ뿪ȻнȥսУһֵġ
˿̵磬ĿܣŵӣһҲŲѡ
ʱĴٴΧصǿߣֵӣӰһȥҲ󡣴ϣٴγһߣǳʱҲΪȣȥҲѡ뿪
ʱ䣬̿һһ֣߳뿪Ƿ֮ء
һʱת۹ȥ˴󱾣ҲǧȴûӰ
ԺüͷһߵСôû֣
ɫȻشҪżġ
󷨿һΣʮպŻرգȫԵȴʮ졣
ʮ죬˵˵Ҳ̡
ǰʱ䣬սڴ˶ˣ뻹ûг֡
ԺٴЩе֪벻ûõ˴ʥˮսƣǷŭ
ʮ죬Ѿ˵ھİвһСʱ
ԺֲõԤУߵ֣᲻˰ɣ
Ȼô˵ҲЩš
ߵһȻ漴ģǲضսС
ԺҲǣΪٸߣҲѡȥһĿռ䣬ﵽɵľ磬Ҳ޷ڡһȫյĿռ䣬Ǵ棬ֻ·һǿɲţܴôʱ䡣
ԣ֮ͷɽ磬õ
һСʱתۼȥˣ뻹ûг֡
ϰ׹һָԭģȫرա
Ȼûȵ룬Щʧһ
ǵȵ룬ضҪһսܲɱ룬˵
벻֣겻֣ǿνǱһ
ʹ绹зҲΪ壬ֻҪûбЭɱǺѡ
ȻǲΪѷ硣
Щ˵ûг֣޷õĽһãЦŸȥ
սڣͬãʮʱ䣬ƽǸ󷨣󷨵ֶαؽϵҪࡣ;Ŵƽⲻˣ󷨿ƽȴϢʹƳһѷҲѡ
Կ϶Ϊؽ󷨵˸ࡣ
пܣͬһһλλ
ûȫƽ⣬Ǵһ϶þŲƵٶ˹ȥ
ǰһƬڣռѷǰ
һɹǿ紵һʹǾŲƵ˴󲿷ֹһ¾屻ˡӰһ̤žŲԱ߷ȥûɶãһͬĶλӰһûС
һ룬һͬղսһģһĵطΧɽҲͬ
ǹճһЦݣ¶ˣռɣÿһڶʥˮսơûڣһ˵أʹ֣ٵΧȥʥˮսơ
һ꿪һΣеʥˮͬǰսһ࣬սƣҲõʮö
ٶö֪طѰҵĿһЩʣȴҪࡣ
˰ʱ䣬ŰеĶҵű뿪սһս
һУ൱˳ܿһսɽͬͬ
ûʱȥΧľɫֱҵеʥˮսƺ뿪
֣սһ꿪һεĹɣΪʥˮͬ
ѵѶʥˮˣǶʥˮһ֣㱻͵ĵط
ʥˮֻ˿ʹãɽЧõö࣬ʲô˻Ҫ
ˣ

ҡҡͷܣǿ߲ҪʥˮҪҲá
ʮ꣬ǰͽһս뿪Ҫµʱ䣬ԽԽٶȣʱҲԽԽ̣󣬽ʱ䣬еսڶ˸顣ЩսȻһһȴһԲΡ
Ҳ˵һս͵һսһ
ԲĿռ䣬мλʲô
ѵҲһռ䣬Ҳһս
һһսϵĶ󣬱׼ȥȴûҵȥ·
˿̣սĲ÷ʽָо뿪һս֡
ȻһսûУǷмλûǸλ
ڵΪǰȥмλЩðգʶ׼°Щʥˮ˵
ϰٸս˴ʥˮ
ÿһսڶǧƿϰٸսڵʥˮһֲ֡
Ϊڶ壬ֻҪƿʥˮɣȴоͽʮƿ
ʮʲô
һ޵ߣӻڿʼһֱʥˮΪﵽɾʱֻҪʮƿʥˮʮƿʥˮ㹻ǿˡ
뵽΢΢һЦȶһսڣ֮С


320 ս
ʱ϶תۼѹ
һգսھͲٵĳڵķӿȥ
еվһ쳹յ
ȣ
֮أһӰڿУһ¶Ц⡣
ʱ䣬ﵽڴԲ磬ٶȼ죬ǧһ˿
ȻĻҲ޷ӵٶȡ
Ȼ⻹鹦ʥˮûʥˮ뼴ʹٶ࣬ٺãȻҲ޷һ㡣
ߵ죬һΪ˽ֵ
֮ﵽΪȻǱȻ
뿪սռѷڣһɹҵ磬ٴ
ΪõߣֵҲһЩ壬ǿҲ¡
Ŀһڰеһ򣬶˾ŲƷ˹ȥ
սмλá
ķУ˴ʥˮǿƶһ롣
ɴ˿ɼҪռѷڷУûоΪһôѵ顣
ˣֹ죬ΪԲʥˮܶ࣬ԴԴϵĲģҲܽŴͬʱʥˮˡʹˣʥˮʹã۲ѡ
̶ʱ䣬ÿ춼Ҫǧƿʥˮ
˶ʹΪ룬ҲЩֲ֧ס
Ͼ֪мλǷսܷǰ硣
ֻһȥҲգǶû޶ûᡣ
ʱ䣬ֻôһ·ߡ
ҧҧóƿʥˮȥ
ʮգǰڳһλ㣬ϲһٷ˹ȥ
붨λڣоһǿδ룬ŲƱȥС
ǾŲͨɴ
ϰٸսڣûȻԲһս
ż飬ս֮ڣǰһĻһȻ
ܴ󣬲ɢʶŨ
ǣȴӴȻܶˡ
ǰһϱڲԫĹвʱ
Щƣǰض˲ȥȴ
ͺһͷŶЩɶȥ
սڣľˣɵʱҲ׳
ɵٶԽԽ࣬ʱ䣬ŰѹϿյꡣ
طûʱȥɣȰѴ˴Ū˵
ܾãЩŹ֣սһĵط
ڣһۿȥ洦ɼһ߾ȥʬ壬ǵѾãϵĿ׻ڣЩһһһУһɫ׷˹С
һȦȦȦɢһֱɢʮֹͣ
һ򶨵룬ʱҲһ⣬Ȼʮ
Щţٴףɡ
Щʮף
㶣һۿȥﲻ֪жʬ壬Ŀײǧ
һʮͼΪѵãοǱֵõĿأ
Щǳ磬һ䶯
ӿϵ·Ϊϣ֪˶¡
ѵ֮ǰ緢սɣǹսɣ
ȻսΪλйڣ⹬ȴһɣ
Ϳˣ벻еԭһǰȥߵĿףսС⹬ľˣǰһ̨ףȴѵϡԿòʹɣҲ޷֮ȡ
̨ףǰǶѵĴͬƻļһľҺڵǰȴΪΡһдһġ顱֣а֣һͬˣֻɵ֣ȴһ֡
ǰһҺһĳ֡
Ƶ
ƵĵطĴڣ
ź߽ѵĴڣĿ̶ãͷϷĴƺʱһۿӣǴڵΰʣûһģ඼ƣΪأЩȫΪĩ
ǰߣ㿴мֵĶˣмλãһϴٹһ㡣
ѵ˹Ƶ
ʬ壬Ǳڵ
ʲô˹ΪΣ
ЦһڴΧһᣬȴʲôҲûз֡
˼򵥣϶žܡ
ȴ޷￴ߣһЩмֵĶû¡
ȻЩס
ЩмֵǣҲ﹥ߵУʲô㡣
ʶɢǿȴȵķ֣˵شľˡ
ԣľˣ绹Ҫϼ
ǶٵĿռ䣬ôôΧȻŨ̶Ҳ١ûȫŨ̶ȣ±ҪŨְɣ
һص磬Ҳпһصս
ŪôֻȰĵŪ
˾ӰһΧٷȥ
Ŵû뿪壬Ȼһˣܾãﲻô򵥡
ƺʱΣճ֣Σ
գǰٴγһͬ˷棬ͬƵơ
֮ٴϵס
׵ɫͬǰͬǺɫһɫؿڴһƴСĻ档һæóǰ봢ĵףǰûϸ˿һۣɫ׵ؿڴͬһƴСƶ䡣
ƶ䣬Ƶ
ѵ֮ϵɣ
ٵǧףٵ̨ȥƬ֮󣬱ҵǸϳصҡ
ϣд֡
ȷе뷨ٴԶȥ
վһϱڲԫϣ˼
оŴԾŴʲôԭٲ֮ء
˵شľˣô󣬾ֻ񿪱ٳĿռ䡣
ܿǵ硣
ǣ磬Ǹʲôط
ﲻ磬ﵽʲôط
ôã磬Ǹ磬ӦǸһĴڡ
ûκЩӦ֪ֻǲ֪Ϊηͨĵ·ҷӡ֮СȻӡˣΪλһλ󷨣϶ܣһЩصĶ
˾˵صλ÷ȥ
Ψһûȥĵطˡ
ʮһ޴ɽɽû󷨣Ҳûκ
ԶԶȥ·һ֮أΪŨŨ̶ȣЩƵĴڻҪŨ
쳢գȴ޹Ϊر޷ա
˼Ƭ̣Сĵǰһ֮С
ûйûκӰ졣
һ룬뵽УһصĸоԺлص
ԼѾˣһǣҡ֮䡣
ָоΪ˵־塣
뵹һǰȥÿһָоŨһ֡
ﲻʩչҲɢʶ·ڵһͨ
ȻƲƣֻǸһ֣еʶӡʧ
æ˾ƣķߣ뵽ڣ׷ϡ
˵˾ƣϾ֮᲻ᱳѣû֪
һ·ߵļΪѣоԼڣоʱţֻһǰš
·ޱ޼һ߶ôԶͷǰһƬ
֪˶ã˶Զǰһɫ㡣
Ǻɫ㣬ɫڣָڵ㣬һпΪ졣
һĿ˸ӿ˽µĲ


ʮ߼


321 
֮ϣܲƶ
ǺڵԽԽߵԣܵһӴ
ϢͬȫֻͬƻԪ൱ԵǰԪǿжߣʱƻҪ¡ǶߵΪˣ붨һ˲䣬ɱ
ÿµ֪ʲô
ؽ䣬ٴǰֻ߳һԥ뿪
ؽɢһϹ⣬ϣ赲Ϣ롣
˵취ȷʵãٽڣߵǺڵԵ󣬶һ
ʲô
뿴һڵľ˺ڵĵĹʵÿһȭͷСǴӹʵɢ
ľ
һ̣뵽֮һĶ˴ණɢԱߵĶϢ
ŶһϲûԥӴؽţȫתѴֲȥ
ڶɢֲ൱ѣһãͻᱻɱ
Ϊˣ̷˴ʥˮԱ֤ɹ
ʱһһĹȥÿһ쳣Сģؽڣһ𣬽
ؽڣ㲻õˣ磬û
ŲƣǸƳһ󷨵֮ﶼԣ˵Ķˡ
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вɺͼѡ˳ϷȻһЩֵ
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򣬼ʹٺãҲ޷ӵΪ
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ʱ䣬˲ٵҩɽǿٶҲãһЩǿߣڶǿߡȻЩǿ߼һöΪȻƳΪ
ʵϹʵܶ࣬ʹ˷ѣʱҲ޷ꡣ
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Ϊ˷ֹӵнҵΪʹȲˣҲֵ뷨
뿪ʱ򣬾͸߹һ仰
ȹ

ڶȽǰ뻹ÿ˷һʮΪ˶Ƚһİա


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쵤ʮԣһöһ磬Ȼãֻ˵ǰΪظ󣬲ٴηáôһٰı׶ˣڵӰ
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ΪѾﵽԲľҪͻƣٴ鵤ҩҲãֻиزС
Ȼȴһ翵飬пһ˲͸Ҳпһ޷
ڽӵЭ飬ֻʣ²ˡ
벢żڵ鴦֮󣬱ıòϢ¼ţڵ֮䣬أԼֻżʱ˺ѷεʹ
һգһ򶴸ķȥ
ͻȻռɹŵĵ߷
ͷһӣ˻δߺֵܣ𣿡
ɣڵ룬ıǰһЩͬǰһģһһᡣ
˷ͷˣȥģ
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ڵΪͬǰһǻڵӡ
ЩӣǴ˼ǰĵӣΪŪݡ
Ȼ֪һֻܵһˣΪϵţôŵʼ档
УһŮһɫĳȹһЦɣʦ㣬һȥҶ˵һͷճõĻ룬ϣץ


326 Ҷ
üͷǰŮȥץ룿
ˣȫûҪԼ
ճĻ룬ֻһޣǰȥȫ԰ƽ
Ůƺ룬Ǹɣģǻ벢ҶȵҽǻϵһͬǰȥᰲȫһЩ
֮Խ룬ΪȱʦʦҪ˵һЩ
˶ֻ֪Ϊʮ׼ˣٰʱϡ
ͷðɣ
һ뿪ţһ·򱱷УƬ̺Ҷ
νҶʵһɽڣ֮󣬿ٵȥ
Уֻһϵʶǰ档
Ȼǹֵĸо벢ںҲµӰװ
߽ɽȵʱµŮӣͻȻǰһס룬ɣСһЩ
΢΢һЦ˶Էһõĵ񣬿ٵɽȥ
ɽڣһɵĵֵס
޵ߺѵֵ˿ɵֵӣһɴ۾
ǸҲֵ治֪ʲô
ôţǽ
Ƭ̺ɽڲɽһҽڣɫҽڣðݡ
뿴ҽ̺ȵüͷһ壬漴ָԭ
ǰ棬˲ûпı顣
ʱȺĺͻȻɣǻҽ
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ϪҧǱˣʼ˵ˣڵɱǾͲʼպ
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ϪվߣһӣɣǵĻߡ
˵ţ֣ȥ
ʱƯҽϵĻŭһһҽ

ͺһ󡣡
ϿƸԵ˽ֵĹ
΢΢һЦϪͷ뿪Ҷ
ȥŭǸʲôѵ֪𣿡
Ϫһףȥ붼Ҫܵ𷣣ĶҪϰգȥϳΪʦţ
벢ںЩ˵ĻڶڣЩûκκøС
ʶֻ˵һ֣ߣ
ϪȻòף˵ˣҲһҧ˳ȥ
˳ȥԺ󣬸뺦룬ʱʹҲ̫ء
˻صڣˡ
Ϫ¸ͣص
ڣϪͣϸ˵һ顣
ɫһʲôǾȻ뿪
ϪһۣʩչŲ֮뿪˴
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ǰȥ֮Ѿȥһ㣬ʣҲû̫Ĺ
ͲȥȷʵϪȫ
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벻ǲûҵʱҶأ
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æ͵ǣԼ
͵ͷһߵŲӣµȥ
Ųӿν޹ˣºϵûУȴǣϣæ˵Ӳ֪
һ㷢𣿡
ŲӵѾ֪ͨӦÿˡ


327 
Ͱڰ֣Ѿˣݺ𣿡
ͬŲɱʹ뷨Ҳܳϡ
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λãǱһԩԩȻԺᡣ
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ÿһΪ˸ӦأΪ˻øǿ
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ɴڿΪĽ׶ΣߣעصǸ
ͬΪϵ߼ʹΪҲ
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׵󣬱ǻľϺع鵽˵ϡ
ԭˣ
뿴أΧľɫЦˡ


328 շ
ǰŵ·ϡ
ʱӵԼвʮꡣ
ϣûκһͨˡ
Ƿ豹棬ҲϢǳΪصһ֡
룬˭ܿأ
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ʧ룬ѩȵŴͣ૵ɴ˺ŲƾȻȾ磬ܲӰ


330 ǰ
ѩһ仰ƻѪ
ʩչʲôŲƣǱеǿˡ
û뵽һϾȻôĽֹһᴥе󷨡
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׺η˵ûйϵһα˿أԸΪУѲҲҪЩ
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˵䲻Ļɱ׵ʶֻҪָͿ
һǰ׹һɽУֻһɱҲ֮ñףȻҲԹñˡ


331 ľ
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޷ǿӲΪһʶӵĶ֡
ü˼ţ漴룬Ѷߡ
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ŮӣûаøУô׾ҵԼһֽţ򲻿һͳ֡
ңɽڵʱһ뿪ɽͳ֡
Ȼɺϵ飬ɺϡ
ΨһĿܾɽʶڵһ˿ʶʶ뿪󷨺ŸӦ
²İ˾ŲʮʹӦľɽ硣
Ҳͨľ֮ϵ֪ɽ硣
ɫһ㶣߰ɣҲɱ㡣
ЦҲһʶǲսΪ˵𣿡
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ϢһɢԭҪǿࡣ
֪ɽٶȼ죬ɱһʶҪһЩ
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Щˣһҧãߡ
Ҫ뿪֮ʱһ𣬡ľӣα뿪бɾڣɱ㡣
ڻصһӰԶתۼߡ
ˣȥס
ӵ˶ôԸɿΪ൱սʤ˵߻һ׸սʱȻ񣬵ʱɱ룬ʶȻȫһҲˡ
񿴵ףɻɾҲΪ
һ㶣ĻΪҲ֪кܶأ
뵽׸ʲôɽ¶ڶⲻ
ô룬ȴ˵ľӣڵľɵӦòԶҵֵһʱ䣬㱾ǰһͬɱǸСӣʱϵƽΣ
֮ô˵֣´򲻹ӻ֡
ķ˲꣬Ҳ֪һЩϵֹһضɱô壬ܲöԷȻЩɣڵ޷õİ취ͷãǾһΡ
ɫһ붯ֲɣ
մһͷϵ񽣹â죬ֱָֻҪʶһ뿪
ɫһ䣬ߵףʾֵֵ
ʱױֵƵյĺǰη˵٣Ϊ˵𣿡
Цһ𣿡
ͷϵ񽣺Хһһ㹥תۼǰ
˿ٶȣڳ˶һ㶡
û뵽һٶȾȻܿȾŲƵٶȻҪࡣ
ͬû뵽ɢϢٶȿ
һ£ǰǰƵӭȥ
Ϊײһʱأ񽣷˻˲صӵǰ
һץס񽣣˲ߣץסߣߣ
׹һʩչŲƣʧʡ
ȥķʹһ񣬷׷˹ȥ٣Ϊڱɾǰܵ𣿡


332 ɵ
ɾɽĿ׷
Ӻɾٶ൱ڴһˣٶȱ
֮ľԽԽ׸ǵõĴ٣ҿ㻹ܣ
һ޺˺ܶ˵ע⣬֪ɾսһԶԶģûһ˸ҲСҪ֪ɾսʹսʱֵನҲһЩˣȥ
ǿȵս˭ǰ
ɽôɾҲв٣б㾭˼ɾء
Щɾûг֣Ȼһɾѣɱȴϼѡ
ɾҪǲҪҪ׷ɱûϣǺ
ˣЩɾһſϷ̬ȣɢʶӦ˵׷ɱ
֮ľԽԽٶȥò˶ãױ׷ӡ
ʱӺɾսҪܵ
ʱһҧӴóһ򣬵ݸ룬·ȥҸۡ
˵ӹʩչŲƶȥ
ЦһΪܵ𣿡
û׷ɱ룬Ϊ֪ܿͻ׷ٶȣ׷ϲѡ
Ҫ£ʱ䣬ʹϾ롣
ӣû뵽Ҳжʱɣ
ƵЦ
üͷףֱ
׹һЦη˵Щɱҵ˲٣ûһ
˿Ļһɾ˵ˡ
ɾɽǿߣʸ˵Ļ
Ӳûа׵Ļɱһɱ㣬Ϊܣҳ
˻һЩɫۿսɾٶ¶ѿɫ
Ϊбɱ׵ˣֻһսֲ׵Ķ֣һˡ
ΪϣЩɾκ£ǿڳֲãȵܾ˺ٳҲ١
Цһ˵ӹ°ҵҪʲô
ɫһҪ֡
ӳ֮ǰ˵ӣ˵Щδ£֪ɽįǽҲɱ㣬ҵһ㣬Ǻ¡
ĻȷʵЩˣ˭Ҫŭѡ
ӻֻ侲˵֪ûˡ
䣬񽣺Хһףһν羪裬תۼ׵ǰ
úã
׵ͺһסơն
Ƶ׹һȻӵֱӭ˷񽣡
ѵһ
׹һ𣬲ǿĳӴ׹ʱɢҲأӵǰ
һΣսг˵΢΢һЦӣȷʵ紫˵еֻǲ֪ϹΡ
ЦˣĴЦţûаӷӵɫͺڿԼŮˡ
ò˵Ӷȷʵˣ˳ĳԲѷʩչ
Ǳߣõ֮󣬱ʶ̽飬ȷ󣬿ٵϷȥ
·ϣȷʵ˵⣬Щʶ֡
æŲƣ̤ϣΪһʧʡ
Щԭ׼ֵˣһɴ۾ٶʵ̫죬쵽޷׷ϵĵز
̤ھŲϵٶȣɾҲ١
ԭʶ񣬲һ㶣µʲôٶôôࡣ
ڵٶȣȻҲ׷ϣǿ
ڿпŲƣ·ˣһԶԶĶ㿪
֮ľ룬ڿСţһҧһѪ˳ھŲϣѪһٶٴߣͬ¡
һ㶣Ц˾ѪȻ˵ãԾѪΪĵԪҲľˣҿ㻹üΡ
ȷʵ߳Ϊ˺Ԫ࣬ʮ겻ڻ£Ϊﵽɾ𣬼ʹƾãԪҲľˡսʱʹþѪΪһھѪļǧԪ
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ٴ³һھѪʩչѪŲơ
ʲô࣬࣬һöԪοЩ̵ڵԪͬȣҲ١˶ԪȻϣοͷòһּ۵뿪
һڽһѪЩۣ𣿡
ôԪмԪ³ʮΣƲɱͻȥʵ벻Ϊ˷
һ֮ľ޷ŽߵɵӰһȥС
ɵдĴɫĴ֡ɵ
ɷ裬һӴƣһۣܵ𵴡
ȥȴûа취ɲôԪ׷ɱ
ԪĺҪûˣԺԪûˣԺɡ
޺޵ؿһɵת뿪ɵʩչ˷󷨣ʹƳȴҪܳʱ䡣
ڣûҪƳֻҪȥ֣ɱӣ󷨲ơ
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³ЩྫѪΪܵЩӰ죬ΪΪܿҪˡ
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Χ𣬲ûм֤û
Ϊ˿϶ΪɵʱӦһ˿ʶڡ
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ʱƣתۼֹ졣
һöҩƳˣӦ̺Ӵ΢΢һЦ
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µҩһζһŮӷ˽
˲ӣǺˡ
һϮϣƬƬ㣬ؿڴʺһƬȻˡ
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һǰ˵ȴеİɫҩһץ£뾪ֿ˳ȥӷŭǲɱ𣿺ܺãǼʹɱңҲȥ
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ˣһŮߣɢϢѿɾ
һ·׷ɱӣҲҪõɾֱΪɱӣû뵽ۺʩչһǿɽ졣ĽӰգãߣˡ
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ΣֻܼƵҩͬʱһ۲
ˣֹ죬ٴƳҩûѣæѵҩ¡
µҩôصˣΪ˲ͻָˣΪҩ̺ʵ̫ࡣ
ȵҩֻƳʮöɴ˿ɼƿʥˮһξ


333 
µҩͶ뵽֮Уյҩڵһ˵ûһؾȴͬӵоŴŴ飬İʱ̵һϡ
ºȵķ֣ΪȻɣﵽ˵ɾ硣
ǵɡ
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ӿЦһ漴ʵѾָˣˣϴθҵĵҩʲô
ļʶҲʲôҩ
üͷԼƵĵҩ
ʲô
ӴʧɫԼƵĵҩ
ȫˣƳôǿĵҩҩˮƽҪﵽľſ
ţ
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Դǧ꿪ǧɳǧ졣
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óˮͬʥˮͬͬɫֻ̺ΪŨ
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ͨĻ治УԪɻ
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΢΢һЦãҴȥĻҪСģ¶ȼߣνǾһ
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ӴһһӴס壬ֱ¡
ĴһƬ죬¶ȸߵľˣҲЩܲˡ
δжãһҶӷ룬ɣԽȥ¶Խߡ
ͷȶڵϣΧ¶ȻܺãδвӦĸоüΪ
ɵӣӴΪȣΪʩչ޷ȥ
ĵطʱԽĵԽࡣ
Ӳ˷С֮󣬱뿪ˡ
飬ߣʼƾ
תۼ䣬һȥˣɵһ㡣
õҩϲ񣬡ҰЩҩȫǧڱضԳ񡣡
Цˣû˵ʲôҲҪ
ɵڣ˷ȴ֪ɽһΧɱ˵жĵĽߡ
Ҫɱ룬Ҳõϵıȶһ£ʼɢϢǿߣΪӡǵĿĺܼ򵥣øɾ£Ӷõһ
ɽ󣬴ɾֻ࣬вˣȷе˵Ӧֻоʮˡ
ɾ룬ȻܣжʮϣɱӾû⣬ʹӵ˲ָĵҩҲɱ
ҪЩɾ룬Ҫʱ䣬꣬ꡣ
ʱķɿ죬ոһգ긴һꡣ
󣬵ĴĻϵͺһ뿪˵ģɵȥ
ʱ򣬻ȫɫĻǻɫѪһ㡣
ʱڰѻƾ˵㣬ҲǾɻľ硣
ģԴɻˮҪƬ̹
ƾõͻƣΪһǧ̶̰꣬ӵΪﵽ˽ɾĴڡ
ɴԲ磡
΢΢һЦûϵؽ䣬ڱںϡ
ںϵһ˲䣬ϵΪǣ˴ݵΪȴص䡣
ڣϵΪӣΪټ٣Ϊ˽ڡ
ûмǿʼоµĵҩⵤҩƳԺΪضͻڵľ磬ﵽɾ
ʵ˵ģô꣬ʵľߵľˣͬɾҲеһȣνһֻǿˡϧأΪˣʵȥ
ʵʱһżٴأҲͻƵƿ


334 Ϊ
һʱ䣬ˮһˮ
һͬʯһˮһˮڣӦӴ
ٴͶƵҩ֮Уȴ֪ɵڣһȫɾٸ
ɵ֮⡣
Լʮɾɵ۶ͷס
ⲻѣΪ˵õҲ˲ۡ
ʱߵһߵɱӣ˸Ƕ
׵ͷģһΥԼ
ߵͷ㡣
Ŀһۣ˵λɱСԺҪḷ̌ڱĶƽ֡
ɫһû˵ʲôֻǰеһۡ
ľӣȪη֣
һŮʵ
˻һȥɵһȪν֪飬Ȫǹ̶޷һ
򵥣ʱҰɵǨλҪȪȡǡ
УԶ˵ͷм˲ΪȻ
ΪȻЩˣɵѾȪ
ɽУȪȻ࣬Ҳʮദг˼յ⣬ɾռС
еһɾռҲеǼֹͬʹá
ȻɽûһɾͬӵȪ
˻δɱӣ̸ߣɴ˿ɼǶεжʮþȡ
Ƭ̺ɵǰ״ӣٳ
е۾æӦһӦʱһȻôɾҶǱͷһͬǰ˶ɾɵŰΧҪ뿪ܣǴӵȥ
ȻҪӵȥҲᱻΧɱһ󷨣ЩɾӦԼ
ӣѵ𣿡
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ңɽ˲֪˲
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ǻϵƢ𱬣һԲϱ֣緢ģսʶһЩʹҲȥˡ
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¡
޴ϣɽ飬һѪɫò԰ޱȡ
Χ󷨣ǳһƣۿҪ顣
Ц󣬼Ц٣Ϊ󷨶ǿأԭҲǡһ
󷨳ƣֻһΣȫ顣
æӴóһöɫĵҩ̷£԰׵ɫʱת
֮æһΧϣ˲ָ
һĻΧɾһ㶣Ժͬʱصһ仰ʲôҩȻЧ
һϲȵλһ񵤣ɱƽ񵤡
񵤣Ϊĵҩ̺Ӵ
һЩ񵤣ȻεֵҩʹĵҩҲЩĪĺô
еĿΪе˲ָеԪ
񵤶֣еɾ˫۷ȻǵЩױȵļֵ
˷ĹһӴóȫĵҩ̷£ֵ˵Ľ
ͬʱӰǵΪɵķٴδͬʱе롣
ʱƵҩδƳɹҪһʱɣڵĴ÷ϵ뿪ؽ䡣
ϵ뿪ؽ䣬㷢˴е쳣һڵĵطʮڹ󷨣æ˵ôˣ
һߵֵһ˵뿪Ҽֲ˶á
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ǡ
˵ȴӴˣûʲôǣ뿪
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룬뿪ɣ֪㲻ٰˣΪһŮˣҲڣȻ㲻ǻˣûΪǰеԵ֪һ֡
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ȥͬʱϵֻһɫʯ
׵ɫһץסСҪܡ
Ҫֳһ׷ɱʱȫɢŰɫĹâϵϢȻ࣬ʹͬλҲ١
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ܣ
֪˭һе˶ɢӿûһ뿪

һ˲ǿһʩչǱɾ˲ȥ
תۼ䣬ʮɾȥһ롣
ķȥأ崫һнУΪ֪ɾѾˡ
һȥȫǰУ·˾ͬɾһ
ʱһ׿־ף㲻ɱҾҿôɱ
׶ͷֱð亹֪Ѿ׷ϣɱֻҪͷУӣ㣬ҡ
ʮ꣬ΪۿѾܽˣȴȥʣʵڲʰ
㣬Ϊһ𣿡
Ӱһ׵ǰȫȥ·
ˣûɱɱΪֻһ
ϾˣֻǿʵҲ޾
ӵԪڿģһȻҪɱ޵ˡ
׼ĵӣҰɣ
һЦӦһȻף漴塣

һнУɾʹȥʧɽС
ɱ׺ӵ𽥱͸ǴӽſʼȻϥǣ
ؿ͸ɲǣȻ棬૵ΪһҲֵãΪҰ㣬ҵֵһ죬ֻһˣ㲻ˣһҲûκ塣
ЦˣЦžЦϣ͸
΢紵ؼָԭƬ£·ʲô¶ûзһ
֤˸ղŵһУ˭뵽һӻķʽȥأ


335 Ϊͨ
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ûսʱܵĺܿ죬һ١
˿̵£Ҳ᲻ɱͷˣɵڵıǲӰһɵڷȥɾȻѲҲ
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ɵһκ󣬳˷Ȫ֮⣬ʲôҲûлá
ʹõ񽣣Ҳ֪䵽
˶ûзٴѰڣ񽣱ҵˡ
ҵ룬֪˭һ˶ʼĸӦȥ
ܿ죬ҵ˷ȥĵ룬һ£ȫķȥ
УٵĴΧʯ鲻ϵĶѡ
˿̿ȥһ׻ϵ¡
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ʮɾ׷ͬľԽԽ
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Ƭ̺Ĵҽԥ¡
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໥һۣλȥѰ룬ܲҽ£Ҳܲˡ
Ϊ׷ʱǷֻнΪΪɾûзȴȲѡ
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ͨһɾҽǶ֪˭һҵ룬ܵõı
ڶ룬ҽüͷĸҽڵ¶ȱĻҪߡ
ԽȥҽԽǸߣɾµǿߣܲˡ
벻ףΪҽпٷС
Ȼڵĵطҽ谭׷ٶȼࡣ
Ҫס壬׷룬ʱڸ޷
ɾͬ
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ޱ飬УĵλãԽԽ
ڣУһǰȥ
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뿴ŶԷ㵽ʲôݣΪ
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ͷӵѣʲô֣
ԥһ£شҽ󣡡


336 Ϊ㱨
˵ͷΪΣ
һ£ʦˣ޴ȥޡ
ʦ
뾪ȵʦ˭
شʦһλɾͬӹϵǰʦչس֪ȥϢ󣬱ŭѣ֮󣬱˼ɾ˫մʦУЩɾնɱЩɾҲˡ
ĻѾ˵ʦ°ӣǰȥ
һϵûС
ͷСĵ㣬ˡ
Ҫȥˣǰȥ𣿡
شȥΪӱ𡣡
һϲǰҪȥҿṩϢ
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ЩȻ뿪Ҳ˵Ϣ֪Χɱӵˡ
һ£ּ˵ǰҲ֪ÿλɾԼɵҿΪǰָ򡣡
벢δȫŶԷĻˣҲöԷṩϢЩɾ£ԼһȦߣͬЩɾһͬսµʱٲ֮أ˼뻹ǾðգڵΪʮΧɱҲ԰Ȼȥ
뵽ͷ·
һ㶣ôң
΢΢һЦʲôŵģ
мĿһۣȭãʹǰǰȥ
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ΪЩɾ֪ûֻͻƵٶȺܿ졣ο֪ٶȱͺܿ죬ǲŬΪͻƣʱ׷ɱǣԶԸ
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ȻΪСڼ䣬뻹ֽţֹԷʹթ
ɽϣһ֮أ޴ɵڣһߡ
ˣǧǰΧɱӵ֮һ
ÿǧǰһսǿĹ߶ء
ͣǧǰΪֻɾڣǧΪѾﵽԲľ磬ֻһ
͸оֻҪһأܷ
ûʼһвǰ磬бϡ
Ϊ󣬱Լһʱ뼴ʹҲɱ
ҲҪˣԼ׷ɱЩλ񶼻֣նɱ롣
Ȼһǰᣬͬһ
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ͣųɾһ񴸣ľˣһ֮ԿɽӣΪǴﵽɾԲľ硣ϵԲٿؼƲ㣬һɾĶ֣֮⣬ӶݵٶҲľˡ
뵱Ȼ֪Էٶȿ죬ϾǴսٶȫˡ
ԣŲƺ󣬵ѣ֪к£
ӵĳͷ棬ҲûһȻûпֻǾЩϤ
ɽܴɾȻ࣬Ҳв٣ǧûйɽ£Ҳ֪ǲǸմﵽɾǿߡ
ǰǳսͲûвμӣɵˣûȪɾȪȻǰȥ
Цһһһ׹¶ԭģϳ𣿡
òһʶĺ˼Ҫתȥ
֪Ķ֣ΪʲôȫֱϾԷûлɱԼı£ûǰԴԴϵһ¡ĺôֵһʱ䣬ȫߡ
ҪߣæѵǰҪߡ
ЦһȻһ
ֻһѪ⻮Ʋ񷣬ֱ֮ɱһ󷨶Ϊء
Ųϲʹһʧһ͵ǰ
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Ϊλôķ죬ɵɵ֮󣬿ǧڴﵽɾΪ
ɽ磬˿ʼѰɾʹһЩɾҲʼѰҡ
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˿̣ɽһɽУֵһɽͷϵ֦ϣǵϢȫ䣬ȻϢǿߡ
֮һ˵磬ҵɾ𣿡
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ҵ֮ҪҩҪȪˮʯΣ
ֵеĵܵܣԺ󣬶ʱˣ磬ΪʲôҪҩ
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ʱһǧȣɵҲ֪˭˭
ֵˣΪܵӡ
ɫһ磬Ȼǧڴﵽɾ磬Ϊβʹˮʯ
ܵܣҵΪ൱ľߣõҪҲá
Ҳǣô׷ҩ磬ѵҩңҲȥأʱ
ҩң
ң
㲻Ҫҡ
ΪʲôҪ

ֵûҵɾҿǴ˵ǴۣɾΧҲᱻɱǡ
ʱһһӰһɽڷȥ
ֵɫһͬʱɽڿȥǵɴ۾ű˴ˡ
ɾ
˾ϲѣٴ壬±˷֡
ɽڣɾɢʶӦΧһУʲôûֺ󣬷ŭ룬ǹǵϢȥﶼᱻϳֻܲ󣬻쵰Ϊﵽľ磬һҪɱ㡣


337 ɱɾ
Դӷṩɾ󣬱סԭסϱڲԫɵʹ֮ͨ½һԭһģһÿ죬붼ܵõٹɾϢʼţͬЩһȥȴ֣ЩϢһҲմϡ
ôһװ˷ʱ䡣
֮£벻ò·ϢṩϢߣϳһΪ
Ϣһ˶ʱ࣬ÿ죬ǻһˡ
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ϧǣЩȻṩϢȴûҵɾĽȻˣֻˮ
Ĳ࣬ˮɶľˣɱЩɾȪ
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Щɾֻһȷʵ鷳ʱ䣬ң̫ɷ׷ɱˡ׷ɱ֮ǰ˵õһöɵɽ˶֪ɵá
벢ЩڵΪɱ٣ν޵֡
պɽʶɢûз֡
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ӰһɽУϸѰ
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̾Ϣһ૵ûУȻֱƭˡ
ľұɽȥǻӵһ룬ȻתֱǰѪĽٵķȥֻһΪƬ
ɽгһˣ
ȵĿ룬ʵηҵģ
ЦһΪ˵ܼ򵥡
һ۲Զͷԭˡ
ղŵֵ͵ϮѾˣʵ벻ףԼôãΪλܱ֡
ԶȷʵҲ֮࣬ٺãҵһɵ¡
ʣʾôȥŭһȼʶʩչһ
ֻһѺɫĳȻ󣬻Ϊ콣Ӱ빥
ΧĿ˲Ť
Ǳɾһȷʵˣֻһѡ
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ڿУؿŵϵһУӰһǰ
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ˣ֪һӶԷΪӦûһ
񣬵õӦõĽõҩ󣬲ûȥڵĸۡ
ˣֹ˰꣬뾭ʱ䣬ɱɾ
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ɽõҩ˲٣ʱ䣬е˶ﵽ˽ɴԲľ磬ɾֻһ㡣
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һգս̵ʮˣһˣ벢İ
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ԷûأŰʮԼЦɾ㵨ӱǴһЩ
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ôǰ뵱ȻΪԼ죬϶ĳĿģɽеɾǰɾıȷʵС
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ֻӰȺпÿһ£һɾ
ΪȻͨ죬ЩɾĶ֣սһ浹ľ档
һĻЩɾû뵽ϻ󷨶ûʩչˡ
еɾԺֻһͷǾӣжԶӶԶ
˿̣ǻҲΪﵽɾ󣬵һʩչԶһǷΧֻ籮Ȼ£ѹӴʱʮɾȥ
һսɱҲΪ
ЩɾҲˣ벻ǳ֣Ȼˣ벻
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һˣǰɾ벻ɱûɱ
ˣʵھ̫Ȥˣһץסɾ䣬ΪУЦɾ벻Ҳнɣ
ɾȷʵ벻벻Ϊﵽľ磬ɱɾͺһֱһ򵥡
뵽ʩչ죬ɾȻʲôоǻ
ɫһʵô֪
ɾһЦԭҲˣǻ۶ɵꡣ
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ɾɫһæ㲻ɱңɱңһᡭ
һȶԷ˵꣬ʩչѻ֮ԺУõҪϢ
Ƭ֮Ѱɾʬһӣ૵ԭ


338 ǰ
Ӱɾֻ֪һλʹ˵ʹʵɽĴˣ˵λ¡ɾΪ֮󣬱λĶУλȴһˮϵλֽ硣
ˣ뻹֪ɾԺ󣬱ͨһԱͨΪλ񣬱뾭ÿǧһεսսΪǰսͺս֡ǰսڸڽУһһս
գڵһߣսѡһǿߣǿߣöλսӮˣܳΪµλˣֻܻȥȻһսʱΪпᣬܻŻȥضһв
ɱԷõİ취ӴвԺսҲĪĺô
磬һ൱п磬ֻʵ
ʵǿߣνˮλӦоС
ʵѣֻŬֻڶԷ¡
оſ½ֱ𱻾ŴգŴ֮£λˣλˣλˡƹһ½λƹһޣλƹһλƹһء
ʶһƬ½ʮƹܡ
޻ǿֻǳǣǶĴڣܣſ򣬶ǳСݳǵܴ½Ľ֮һǵֻݳǵ֮һ󣬶СλسǣСľˣԲ
ʹˣһλĵλҲ̫ͨ߳ࡣ
ϾܳΪλ񣬲ʵߣұһʵ
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絤ΪֵҩУоҩĶ޷ֻС
ΪȻһɾ֮Ȼηλ񣬵λĶ֡˵ˡ뵽֮󣬵һҪ£Ѱݣֻ飬Ƴ絤Ϊ
磬ңԶŬܷ꣬
֮ǰ뻹Ҫһ£Ϊ
һգҵе󣬵Ҳв£ΪҲӲ٣ԸΪҵĵӡ
ϲҡͷǰѾʦˣܳΪĵӡ
ӣʶôãʱͳɽ磬չˣԼ֮󣬾ͲõĴ֮ɽǰ磬жֽţš
ſһ齨ɣˣٻЩź
Ļ밵̾һˣȻ㲻ԸΪҵӣԸѧϰ
ҪȻԸ⣬֪¼ûѵͣǰʲôҪҰæ𣿡
˵һ飬ΪɾԺǵչţ
һ㶣û뵽Ϊһƹܣ漴ǰȻ齨ɣΪɽ齨һ񲻸ã
ڵʵȷʵɽ齨һţûпɿĵӣǿ齨һ磬ɱ߽⣬ԭû齨šΪԺɽ磬ŷĵӣٿӦ
Կ϶ʹΪ֮ϵɾʣҲ޷硣
ʱ䣬㹻ˣֻҪһɵ˷ãʱҲǿߡʱٽһţյЧҪõöࡣϾͳһ磬һ˼ŵĵӣɽ磬ٵ硣
뷨ܼ򵥣Ҫͬ磬顢ɡ硣
ɴ㣬Ը⣿
ʵ
һ£Ը⡣
ӴóһöɵӸ󣬵ڵΪҲﵽɾˣһأٷõҩڶɳΪɾ
󼤶Ľӹҩмлǰ
ʱ䣬㿪ʼأʶС
ʱšʶ𽥵׳һ𣬼ÿʱÿ̶
ת۶ţɢʶѾԸ֮һĵطˣֻҪ縲ǣɳ񡣳ķʽкܶ࣬ȴѡѵһ֣ԽߣԺĳɾҲԽߣţİȫԳ
תۼ䣬İȥˣȷʵԳ
ʶ磬
뷨һͷϵգһһĽɫݳ֡
Χ˿һĻһɴ۾
ݣȻ˰ʮһݣ
ݣŷߵΪԽ࣬ΪҲԽߡһɾֻʮݣһЩҲֻʮŸʮݣֻлһˡ˵еİʮһĽݣδ˴ﵽ
˵߹ʮһݵɾ֮ԳΪλ
ݳ֣оһǿźԼ岻ķǰŲ̧һǰȥǽÿһʧһÿһƼ򵥣ȴͬԼ߹һӿʼڡ
ǰĻ䣬£һһԺлصţʵá
ףĸףš
һĻĻصصĻص˴ǰصǶ
ʮһתۼˣһݶݣ뿴˳ΪɾһĻ
ԭߵߵ¡޵޵޵Լߵǵ·µĽݣߵԼĵ·ߵĵ·ԽԽۣµݾԽ֮ߵ·Խ˳Խ򵥣ݾԽ̡
һ˲䣬иһ
ǰһƬɫ磬̤֮ůģԡº͵¡
һһµ磬ΧǽɫģǽɫģΧĻľҲǽɫġȴλһɽУɽȲֻʮˡɽȿڣһɫСݣǰд֡
ǰ֣Ǻ⣬һ־ЩѰζˡ

ôһСݣֻһˣܳΪã
ЦһһȥߵǰǹرյķͻȻˣһ˳񣬽ɣһΪָ򡣡
ȴ籼һԺлصš
ȴˡ
ȻҲʩչǿȴ޷Էôá
ǰֻһ˶ߵķݣŷκԥ˽ȥ
뷿һ˲䣬оһŤȴԼһڡ
ʽͬǰŴĹ࣬мλһߣߴһɫ··һڷɵľǾΪ죬ͬŴʵϵľһģһǻʵ۵·Ϊɫôǰɫ
һϵеʣ߽˴
΢΢һЦҽйŻ˵֡
롣
Żͷһһһ˳ʹǺɫС˼ֻ࣬涼һֻڷɵľɫΪɫ̵·ʱ
Ķ°ɣ
Żǻ½Ժǻ½һԱйڴ½飬ԺŬΪԺٽЧ񡣡
ǰĻ뻹ó󼸾䣬ȴͿˡ
ٽЧ
ǣ﾿磬˼䣿
ôѣųһԷĿǹŴĻʵһ㡣
ȻǻʵۣһܶЩ񶼴ѵ֮ɣ
룬Ķ뿪ɣ
ŻûɻɫҲûнͣǵʲô׵⣬϶мأ뿪߳ϿȣῴһׯԼ֮һ
ǣ
Ӧһתȥ


339 
뿪ֳڽɫСǰʱѾ
ܴһԼСأΪԽߣԽɫСݣӦþǹŻСءǰɽȵĳڣǰƣʲôҲӿиоκڣĿһ
û
ѵ˶ҪֻҪرΪ
ž޴ɻ߽ɫֻʮ룬ܿߵ˾ͷ
ǰֵһĻʱɴ۾񿴴һ۾
һλ񣬾֪Ȼ¶ɫǰһĻε𺳡ǰȻͬǰһһĶĶֲźɫһȥһƬ
⡭
뻹Щţѵֵزɣ
ֵصˣ뻹ǵһ˵ȻˣȰŪ˵ɣ
ӴóʶУһз·ҳһ֣üͷԽǿȥüͷĸڵ֪ǻ½оſ½ֱԾƬ½֮ƽʱദЩսҲϣΪʲôȴ˵֪
Ƭ½ϣҪ±ֲֲֻֱֲлݣΪһ꣬һ󣬱һĽɫʵֹʵΪʳ£֮󲹳Ϊ
˵һЩֵصģǴƬƬũ
Ӹ߸ϵ񣬳Ϊũ񣬾޴ķ£˭Щܲˡ
ﻹǿ΢һЩأ֪ʲôʱܴﵽΪɱӵˣľ½һǻ½ǾҵԷɱ
ڲ˽սɱ֪㲻°ѱ
뿴ǰһׯٵȥ
磬磬磬٣뻹Щʧ
ΧȻвٻݣ벢ûвժһ˷־ͲˣҪǼһׯ˽𲽶֡ׯԶδߵϷС
С֤Ĳ²ȷ඼ֻǲ֪ΪΡ
ߵڣ㿴һµķݣݽĺǽΪţмһֵĺӶڽֵˣЩݣ඼Ǿ񷿣һЩ̣ǰֻһдž޴ֵ̡С죬ʲô֪
ֵ߽ʱЩӼͬʱֹͣˣһ뿴ȥ
漴һ΢һЩĺӴˣˡ
һĺҲĺ
һĻЦãҲ𣿿ǺͯϾĺӡ
ڣ̴ˣһ˳һЦҲѺõĻӦš
Ƭ֮󣬽ֵͷһķ߳һߣ߿ʮ꣬ͷףϴŰɫ·ؿͬһֱڷɵľߵǰ֣Ѻõ˵ãֻ´Ĵ峤ࡣ
΢΢һЦ롣
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Χһ֣ɢ˰ɣӭ¿ˡ
漴ǰɣߣ롣
ڿ峤ڵķڣӣͬһޡɣǲ˵ķ䶼ӡʵ뻹ǲ¶ˣ;Ŵ⣬˵ķ䶼һɫҲͬ
ķ䣬ͬͨһֻɫͬСͬķǺɫжǺɫΪǻ½ǻĴ½Ǳɫˮ½Ϊɫ½ΪɫԴơ
ͬº󣬶Ϊ뵹һЩˮ룬֪ԸԸǴ䡣
Ǵ䣿
ֻ֪м󣬲ܲμӾӣ
ԷûʲôȤĿǳΪλȻΪλսͳһ񵽵ǲԼ뻹֪֮ȴһ˿ɱǰеɱ
ֻҪԸ⣬óƣǴ֡
һ£֪γΪλ񡣡
仰ʱÿһеĲˮЩڵأ˵ʲôΪλ񣿡
ͷô𣿡
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ôһ˵ȫˣЩǸھȻûᡣ
һ£ҼǴ䣬һܽȥ𣿡
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Ӵóһɫƣݸ࣬㡣
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һк󣬿Ƶݸ룬ӽ쿪ʼǴĴˣʲôʱӣ
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ھȥ룬һº󣬾ܽˡ
˵ţӴóһԿףݸ룬㣬סߵذʮһ䷿ڡ
ӹԿףת뿪˷䡣
࿴ȥıӰ΢΢һЦǸˣһҪӡ˵Ϊǿ࣬ҲֻЩûֵǰ͸ȥӰɣ
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ǺŮһŭ𣬼ܵǰסȥ·˵Ļû𣿡
뿴ûˣǰҲûˣָԼں˵
ԣ
ŮӵҾǺ˵
ǰŮӣʮңһ˪ǷܶǮһòͬҲࡣ治֪ڽֵϱһƯŮס˻ǲҡ
˿̣ڽֵûһˣԵʮֵĿ
ЦһС㣬ʲô£
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ˬ˵Լ֡
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һ㶣ԼĶʲôѲҪ޸Լ
ûشԭأŮӲˣ
̬ȣЩĸоüͷһ壬ʲô֡
㣬ҡ
Ůû˵
ֻصڣͶԷ˵ǵҪûʲô£ˡ
˵ţӰһԼķȥ
Ůһ㶣漴׷˹ȥ
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ת򷿼ڿȥһŮڴмϡ
ʲô֣ҽзȣ
зȵŮӣ˵Լ֣̬ȱǰתࡣ
ҵ˵ˡ
üͷߵԱߵһ¡
ͷˡ
ЦãѾͷʲôʲô𣿡
һӣһЩˮһУ׼õģĶɽ˼䲻һٳʱ䣬Ҳḯá
ȿԱӣرģҪ顣
պȥһˮ⻰ʱ˳ȵĿǰŮӣʧ˵ʲôҽ飿
ѵô󵨣ӾҪʵ޷󣬱һƯŮԺȴõҪ޸Լľ𸴡һĻ˵޷ܣκһҲҪԥְɣ


340 һ粨
ɫƽûеӦ΢˵ʲô飿
֮ЦӦôı飿
붼û룬˵ӦÿģӦ˷ܣӦ㵸Ŷԡ
ʲôֵø˵ġ
ͷ
Ȼ󣬵Ǳˣŭ룬˵ʲô
ɲŮӼȥû˵ʲô߰ɣ
Цһ𣿡
벻һ㶣ô㲻ˣ
ȿ˷ſڴҲߣҽ˷žͲ뿪ˡ
Ϊʲô
ɻĵ
ȵһЦ㲻֪ĹأһδŮӵ˱˵ļôˡ
ʲô
ɴ۾û뵽ǰŮӰһҲȢ㡣

ȵЦʱɲ㣬㲻ڻ½ˡ
侲ڻ½ܵĵطز죬ǧ߽֮ڴ̣޷ǣȢҲܣѾӣôȢһأ뵽ԷȵѾˡ
ƺӦ֮ߣˣ
شɽ硣
ЦȻ磬ǾͲӣȫԳΪӣ˵ȡӣӣҲں
˵һ£ּ˵ǣ㲻Ȣңˣұ֤Ǵӡ
һвң
ôˣ
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ʲôʱ¹ˣвʲôֶΣʲôĿģ뿴УһɱĿŷȣҸʱ䣬뿪һ㿴̫
ûжΪɱԼ磬ĸҶ֣ʹûɱԼʱҲᱻץԶ޷뿪粻˼䣬Ϊǿߣ޷졣
һһ
ϣЦŵҪˣǡ
ûȷ˵꣬ϵ
ͬʱɢӴϢǹɼΪ԰ѷɱ
ܵǹϢ̺Ӵɱˣæ˵룬Ҫ롭
ѵһ֮ʣֱָȡ
һ˲䣬ȸоԼϢȫһ£ȴԥĳ֡
ǵ˵Σôˡ
Ҳûиղںɫһҧȥ
뿴ŷȥһм䡣
ʱ򣬷ֽˣһת򾪻ŵķȣôߡ
ȿЦһ߲ˡ
˵һȣˣȻұˡ
ɫһһǰǡÿһ߽
ӿֻжʮ꣬òӢһŭʱ΢΢һ㶣ŭ
˵ţһͷȥ
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ӴĹϣ˽ľ룬Է޷ֵһ˵˳ȥ
ûɱԷֻˣ漴תȣҲҹ
ҧ´һЦ˵Ϊǿ󣬹Ȼˣһܴ򼸸񡣡
ȥţ峤˹룬һ¡
⻰ºͣŭϲá
üͷһȥֵϣ˴峤࣬վ˵ӡ
ڷȣҲȺУ˴ĺ⣬еĴ˶ˡ
ЩУɻ˷ŭ˱һϷɫ
һ룬һ£Ϊӡ
뿴һۣûҵ£Խҵķݡ
֪Ĺ涨ûо£κ˲ܽ˵ķݡǿн룬ʹ˳ɱ˶ԷҲ
üͷһ壬ߵʵĽ뷿ˣ
˵£￩һ£үүȷʵˣǡ
ʲôǵġ
ŭȥǽȥˣٽ͡
˵꣬æ빰ֵӲԡ
һίүүǷСҲȥˡ
˻һ˶ȿȥɫЩζˡ
ͷС£Ȼûгɻ飬˾ԺǸôȴ֪˵˺ͷѾҪˣӾͶסĻǸĸŮ޷ҡ
һЩŵĵĿ룬룬Ľ㷿ˣ
ûзϣġ
ɫЩѿԱߵȴ˵ȫǸŮ
֪ȲʲôŮȻ¡
ǻɣѡԼİ飬Ҳûд
ǰֻҪû飬Ȩͱһ𡣡
Ƕ̸ôãôɢˣǷȾǲԡ

С˵ʲôĶУȻ˵⹴ȡ
һξ۵Ŀ£Ҳûг壬ǵ峤ʲô𣿡
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ô˼Ůķ䣬ˣȻҪˡ
ǰˣҿӦھͰץ
ˣҲǶ࣬ˡ
Ҳ̲סˣŭұ졣
仰̺һεɢ
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峤Ҳ췴ǲҪҡ
൱ôĴ峤һ۾ͿĹؼԣ˵δ
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ɫһæ˵УҲ׷Ҳ׷
ѹȥ𣿡
ſ࣬һһٵʵ
Цһûд˵Ǵѹȥʹǲ˵ǻ˵ȥģʱٱضΪͨĶԷҿʲôȰһ䣬ͬǷȽ飬ʹзҲС
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⻰ͷת뿪ˡ⿨ǹһº뿪ˣʱȻ޷ɻ顣ϷδޣôһߣһӶˡ
ڿΪʲôҪ룬ҲΪԼ룬ղһŭҲ£ΪŭУӦŨɱ⣬ֻɱ˺󣬲Żֵɱ֮ʶƶһĺõ
ܵ飬ܵǴãΪ˷ֹϢй©ӵ˶ɱʱʮ鷳ʹԺܲ룬˺ãã֣ҵҲһ¡
ҵΣҲΣ
ʱ򣬾㱨ˣҲȥꡣ
ΪԼСѡЭԺ£õǶôǡ





341 
ҹ紵˭顣
´⣬죬ϲأΪҪϲԵ
ķڣȴ쳣ʹһأҲ
죬뿪ˡ
ϵʱ򣬴峤Ҳҹ룬ǲɻ飬ҹ뿪뵱ʱʾϾͻߡȻÿϧδСΪ˴ڵеˣû˵ʲô
ҹһԲ¹ߣһˣʩչǱ֮뿪˶´塣

̧£Ϣ
Ƭ֮һһЩĴ䣬һ㳡ϣվʮˡ
ǰһˣɫ·ֻ·һͼһ졣
ˣźͬһ߿
ǽüͷһ壬˼ǰˣôڲ
һ㶣漴Щ
һװӣſĻһ»߲ˡ
ӣվλúǽĻ͵ʲô׵ĵطˡɢ
˵꣬뿪ˣ˾͵ȶ֮С
뿪ʱҪһЩʳʳһãԵáõӺ󣬱ؽڿһռ䣬ֲһµЩӲѿˣʮʢ
һҹôȥˣ峿ϳһ޴ĺӰ
Ӱȫ죬ʲôɣмλһ޴Ļͼ
ǺӰڵϣһʿģߵǽǰһȻѾﵽ
ͷѶȥɣ
뿴ǰһУĿ࣬ʲôţֱǰķͧһ
ùһ·󣬸Ϊˣ·ͬǰҲһ
ѵȥǰĵطѶﲻɣ
ȥǰĴ½
δȥǽͻȻ˵˻Լ·ţ·ϵ֣ǵĴš
03815
ϵıţ߳ıҲһЦ
ţ޴ķͧϸС
żһķ䣬ˣ߼ٺ˸ʲôÿ˽֮󣬶һķ䡣ÿһʱ䣬һЩ˽Ӷʿһһ
ʵ벢֪һʿϱǽΪǰȥΪǽļڸǰֻҪĿĻΪ˻ؼ̽סһº󣬻װˣ㿪ʼ߷С
һգŵÿڣ˽λǻ½Χǵļ԰ǰȥҪԸķϵ½ɱԽ࣬ǵڵĺԽ࣬˭ϵĺӵƵ֮һսλʸʿǣŬɣ
սһ£Ȼûеȴѡ
ʱ䣬һֱȻûɽĵҩ̷ȥ𵽲ЧУΪ˲٣Ȼûк͵սţһĶ֣ʹǧҲ뿪
һº󣬻ŵٶ콵һ㳡ϡ
еʿ˹㳡㳡һƬ밲һСС
ÿʮΪһСӣÿһжӣÿǧһӡ
һˣһӣӵͷΪ
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ʱһͳ˧ߵ˹㳡ϣ߸ͳ˧һˣǵѾ֪ˣΪ˻øսͿǵıˡ
˵˰ʱȫһЩҪע˵һؼĻǵãؾΥڻȥϢɣ
Ϣĵطǻڣͣʮţд󲿷ûʹáÿŵķڣһϡ󡢻ҡֻҪ򿪴ʮϢ֮ڱ뵽㳡ϡ
ϣͻȻ˾
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Ӱһɳ˻ţٶȺܿ죬һ˳
㳡ϣͳ˧վͳ˧۾һķ򣬵ʲô֡
ͳ˧
ҽ롣
ͳ˧ͷڿʼΪӳһǧˣǰɽطϵ½Ľϸķ򡣡
ͳ˧һӣһ򻮹գС
ŵ˴ûѡӳû˲µѡӳȻճٶ
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¼ϣŶ뿪ˡ
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ͳ˧ߣһߵΪСӴһǧǰȥ
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΢΢һЦһгӡ
̾Ϣһûж˵ʲô
һǧˣһɽȴȷʵһգҪֻ취һǷУʮɽȷɹǶռ˾Եơһᣬ㰲ź˶
Ƭ̺ǰһƬһۿȥмˡ
ôˣ뵹һô࣬εֵ
һ壬Ȼ󷨣Թƣ˶ˣֻȥ
쵰
ŭһɳ󷨡
ӳӳ
ɽ˺ȴûлͷ
ǲɱǰˣȥԺҲ𷣣ֻɱ
Ϊ˻øľ˵Уˣ
ǰľӣһɫ·ͷһͳ˧һ˷΢΢һ㶣Цǻ½û𣿡
ȥˡ
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ЦһʵѵһشҵĻʲô
һɱˣû˸˵ɫһսУɱ롣
æǰԼ빥ȥ˲ûʩչ󷨣սͬʱĹΪΪٺãҲ޷ͬʱԸˡǴˣǴЩס
ʯһվһδ˵Ĺߵʱͺһ
񱩵صؼ䣬
δɢ˵ȴ˳ȥͬʱ˵ϡ
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ɫҲΪ֮һ䣬һץǰĿռʱѿмȥһѺɫĳǹӵ·һɫĻΧĿʱճ󣬻һĿ룬벻ȻԲľ硣
û뵽̨е˶û뵽Ƕչزİǰһλ񣬵̶̰ʱ䣬Ȼﵽ˿ֲΪͬ൱ľ硣ۿû˻š
һƬ½ϣɱⲻ˵ģ
һڣעһҪȥȥ
ˣڻ֮©ֻ˴ﵽľ磬Ӷвĵλ
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𳤵ͺһ𡪡桪ɽӡ򡪡ڡ
һӰʩչȥÿһڶ̺ӴĹһ빥ȥǿʱΧĿռŤռѷ洦˼
ΧˣսȻȥȻ˰˴ս
˴սУΪ͵λˡɱ꣬ͲòμսˣʹƴܾˣҲлһ١ȴϣͬھǾܳΪͳߣͳߡ
սνǻ찵أǱսʱĳ˴롣սδʼ뿪ˣ˿̿һһս˽һµʱ䣬ԽսȥԽǾ޾һ
겻֪ʱ򣬾ͰѴĵҩڣ޷־սͬʱҲȻĻ񣬾Ȼܼһµʱ䡣ͻ൱գʩչǿĹ
꿴ʱ򣬴һͻʲôϵ
Цһûʸ֪
ϱɫĻ渲ǣţѪĴڻϺǺɫۿɼٶȿʧߵֽһ㣬ٵķ˳ȥ
󣬸ϷɳĻ꣬ٴʩչ
һаնܵˣɴ˿ɼĹ
ʱ򣬽죬ͷųӴɱ
ӵн飬ƺϳǵɱǰ˵֮һ
֮꣬Ȼе񶼲μˣ񶼲뵽УЩλλҲֹ
ˣҪߣҪ˺ѿռ䣬Ҫȥʱ˾Ųơ
ֻգһŲʹâڻߣָֽ֮꣬Խȥ
˵꣬һһɫĴ֣ڻϣѽС
ϣеһ˲䱻ȫơһûл֮ķˡ


346 ɱ
ɫһԾʲô
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⻹֮֮ǸƳͨ㲻ˡͨͬƷȣʵ࣬ʵȴ֮Ϊȵ£Ʒӵߣɱͨӵߡ
Цһ㲻ҪʲôֻҪشҼˡ
һлǰ˱ȵĻҪ£ȻҲƷûǿ԰סУ꿴ɱ⣬ʲô
ѾֻҪ֪飬һ߶Է
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뿴һɳ˴̧һɫĻ棬ָͷŶȼŻȥ塣Ż壬˴Լһµʱ䣬һöɫĹڿС

ϵڵһſڣѻյڡԭ޷ͻƵΪȴһ˲䣬ٴﵽһµĸ߶ȡڵĻҲ˱仯ӿʼڻΪһεκɫҺ壬ϵľС
ԭ֮ϣǰѾŴȫɱ֪ܴﵽһĸ߶ȡ
뵽һϲٵˮϵķȥ
˺ѿռ䣬ٴУܿ˷ϵڣǰһɫĹ㣬ǹڲǷϵ񿪱ٵ硣ȻҲпؽһĴڣһ磬˵ǻĴ
ʱ򣬾ȥܶ࿪ٵĿռ䣬ҳأֵطĽϤˡӰһƳǶռķСһ룬ӦһϢͬʱҲӦ
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ӶԷϣӦϢֻΪﵽԲľ֮󣬲Ż¶ϢϢΪӣϵϢǿлְԵϢ
ǰ㲻û̷֮ǰΪֻһߣȴ񣬹ʶϣûзϢչǿʵҲΪΪ񣬲Ϣʵˡ
겻֪Ϣ޷أֻҪ֮໥Ӧ׵ķ֡
ˮﾪѣ˭Ϊ񣬻Ǿѵǻ񣿲ǵģϢΪ֪ѵģǱԭ
һʱ䣬ˮϣӦ֮ߣ֪ԷΪһЩѡ̽ףѣ֪㵽СŮӵĵطʲô£
ˮϵӼְ磬֮䶼һ˵ջ
Ӱһˮϵǰûһۣɱˡ
ˮϵЦ˲䶨ɫǿŭ⣬ɱң֪û¡
˵籮
а졪ն
졪硪š죡
šת񡪡𣡡
ǿ˲ˮϵǰˮû뵽˵ûͱɵˡ֮󣬾תֱˮϵûˣˮˣԶԶˮʱˮҲᱻ
˻ĻԭڵĻıīˮҪ֣û뵽һתȥȻˮϵˡһöɫˮ̷£ˮϵĴ


347 ɱ
ɱˮϺ󣬲δлʲôмֵĶˮϵ½ˮϵ½Զ˰Сʱˮϵ½֮󣬱ս
ˮϵսٵǰǸ̺ܵϢ΢΢Ժȵλæ˵ˣ֪ʲô£
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˵Զһأ񶼻ӭӣҴڵĴ½ǣԷһǰǵˮϵȴ֪ɻˣοʣסˡ
Ƣߣһʴһ仰ǲ
벢֪˸ӵ£ǵˣ
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ǰʲôκΣҪסԷϵˮϵ񡣱Ͼǵʵһʩչ󷨣һʱ̣ҲĶ֡
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һǰӰһ˾񣬡Ǽ𣿡
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һһӴɱͷŶͬʱʶˮϡ
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ﾪѣһоâڱԼһһڶԷļ£ԷɱԼͺһֱô򵥡
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ԺĵϣԲ꣬졣
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Բͷ֪˵ĲЩģ˵ܳΪ𣿡
һ㶣漴ЦԲ𳤱˵־Լ磬ҪܳҾͰѵϵʯͷȫȥ
ԲҲһЦҲԼĻЩЦˣ˵ʱһӿд˹
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ÿΪ˾ԼȥĻ棬һܣһϯĵʹ࣬
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Ƿһ飬뻹ھһӡ
ͷԲɫҰףתȥôѣһ֣ץָһһɫɳ˵ϡǺɫ¶ȼʹӲĿҲܵȼο˵塣
ֻĿȵĺɫȼǺ÷뿪ǵʶȴһӴѹӲ޷뿪塣뷴ͬھȴ֣ǰǷ·ϣȴһͷ͵Ĵ󣬿ǧΡ
Ϊ̵ķɱˣһξУԼȥ޷õİ취ȼʶ֮תˮĲ
ӰһʧڸۡԺڡ
ˮ·Ѿʪ͸ˣϣ˫룬૵ÿ£ǵʲô棬޵ʶȼգʲôȼյأ
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ɱ˺󣬻һˣҪȥĵطǷϵڵأɱһˡͬʱҲʼѰҹڳһϢȻϵϣȴָоò˶ñҵ


348 ߲
ӰڿռѷڿٵһСʱϵڵĵطռڣûзַϵڵλãڣٵһЩص֮⣬һҩĵҩ֮⣬ȷʵûˡ
ʼ뻹Ϊϵڣ֮󣬱Կ϶ϵʮְ˾ʮ뿪ˡ֮Уûϸ꣬ҲȻ֪꣬Ҳôǰһ磬Էڣ磬ɱһ񲢲ѡ
ȴͬνո˵Ȼ֪ڵı׶ˣǸǰΪ¶Էʹթû̷֮⣬ͬһ࣬ͬʱ֮󣬼ʹ֣Ҳɽ
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һ£վȥʱķɿ죬תۼȥһ£벢ûеȵϵʱ䣬һֱû絤ЧãչٶûҲΪ
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ʶûշʶϵ½Ϸȥϵ½ɢʶȴȵķ֣һսûСѵϵžȥڿǸ½սҵô뿪ϵ½
̾ϢһȻҲսԼѰɱӵˣֻԼˡʶȻǿ󣬵޷½ֻܸһһƬ½ѰһˣѡûзһһѰţʮһз˶Է
ﶫϵϵ½󣬱һСׯڡ
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ɫٷﶫ˰Ҫɱҡ
պ꣬Ǻɫﶫϣȼ壬Ƥ⣬ٺѪҺ

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ǰĺҲ˴ڵľһٵ߸
ЩԿһЩľǡÿﶫĲһĻһɴ۾þõ˵
Ƭʱ䣬е˶ˣԼʮ߽˷ݣ˰ѷݽıʹҲʮ˷СҪѵɱ˵ɱϵ½ϣ˱ɱˣǲץס֣νһΪ¡
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ģѾϵȫգΪԴﵽһµĸ߶ȣܳΪ˵е֪Ҳ࣬񶼲֪֮ϻĴڡ
Ȼлм֪¡
Ϊ֪Ȱɱ񣬾ֻɱȴû˵ĿģǸ߼λ񣬻磬һвȻûбΪֻһλ񣬵ΪԺ񿹺⡣
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ЦɵҲǵġ
ʮֲмȻûа
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ʱ֮һƬռ䡣
Ѿʮսʤվһɽڡ
һ磬ȴֲ˿ٶǻڿռѷεѰҵһԲʮС硣ֻһɽɽһϿȣϿڣһ仨һ߲ʵĻ䡣
˻Ϊ߲񻨣ǶѾȴûпš
ҵˣǾŴ֮һϵϵֻ֪֮ܵһ꣬ͻϵ㲻ӻ֪ط仨Ҫֻһ취һս죬ΪϣѪҺΪ¶ˮΪ⣬û俪š
ǣ̫٣һֱ˷ֵĸ١
ϵ裬ֳ֮󣬴ΪϲʼԳΪ༸Ҳ̰æϵ˳һùඥķΪඥʱѾʩչڻԵ״̬һУ֪


349 ֻ
ɽǰһţǰ߲񻨡
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վߵ裬ɫһôˣ
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˵ͷһ֣һСɵĴзɳһ⣬أ¶ӡһ񣬰˵ҪЯʮҪκʧؼʱ̣ϵˮϵȥӱСġ
˫۴ͣˣ·ľżһ㡣
ͺһһڳϣʱһָ߲񻨣˹ȥ߲֮ϡΧˣλһ֣֮󣬴ƽ֣Σ
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һɫ˵ͷŶڳϡ
λΪ˶֣ϵƤϣѪ˳ƤѣѪֱ£ڿСԽԽ࣬ѪҺȫֿʶҲ뿪壬ڿС
塢ѪҺʶ
󲿷֣
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