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ߣҶ

ݼ飺
ԴӷִСЯһţƽݲƽˡ
˷߸裻߼ģΪ֮Ѳң


001 ֲ

ӵĴͷӿֵԵ̯
΢΢̧Ա߰źܶ·һɫȹЦеŮ
ҿ֬񼡣ü£ݣˮ˫֮ѽٴɫȹĻľݸǣ˫
ŮԸոնٲѾϲĽɷ䣬һ̾Ļ糱ˮ㣬һޣŻŮʱ΢죬Ļŭš
ٿķɫȹ˫Ҳ˷ϲ
Ƶ˷ϲŮ飬ѾǱԼˣﰵϲͬʱݳȴ΢΢ǰ
ȹǴϣ϶ͬµ׺ӳ󷽣㴩ԿݳǵйүȹǴݽģϵȵ˿Ĳ÷ʦģֻҪʮӣͼʮôôһȹҪʮӣ㻹ԥʲô
ɤţЩջζԭ˹ĵģʱЩƭСŮĴ塣
ⷬȷЧŮһüЦŮ¶Щߵ̬Ȼ֪ⷬЩ٣ĸŮϲ˳ԼˣŮ˫ȹʱѾʼ⶯ˡ
Ҳʼϲֿȥһ⡣
ʱŮߵѾȴ˵С㲻ҪЩСЩѻүͶιأټȹҪʮߣ̫ˡ
λѾ߿ǺƽʱҪã˵š
ⷬʱԭ⶯ŮѼῴϵȹͷѾ˵ţС䣬߰ɡ
ȵȣݶѾС޵ҧгݣѿ쵽ֵƣȻֹסˣЦǶᣬ˰̯ȥ·ȫǺûѳ˽ƣңⷬ磬ƺǺ͹Լõ·ҪˣƯȹҪڹ˵ſֳļֵ϶ҲˣǸһᱻݷ֮£ңͼ۰
ݵûѣȻڳȴŪˣ˵ЩĻ·Ʒ
֣ˡ״Щ۵ĵѾͼˣҪҼʲҲȻῪôͼۣ
ݵĻԭЩκŮһ⣬Ļŭš
ãҪˡ΢΢ԥһ£СȰϲصȹС䣬Ӹǿ߰ɡ
ȥıӰЦѿ죺λߣ´
ֻʮ꣬ȴ̷߰Ǹ¶ֻпԼҪԼƾ˵ݳǰһ̯ôԼ
æµϣʰ̯λһ·صöµԺ䡣
ˣ⻹ٺ١ݻصң·źãһڵϡ
Сһӣһŵӣһſһ˿˯µĴǽڵСһСѷ죬˻ǲʱᵹ̮
һˮݹ˲ۣæµͣ˵㶫ڴϣæµһ죬ЩС
ݲûôɣ飬ǽź
ʱţ¶ںĻҹϡ
һ΢ʹڿʼӣݶʱһֲҪˣ
ʹ΢Ƭ̣ݸоٺ˺Ѱʹ࣬ڹɡ
˺ѷεʹ
ϱò԰ףĿһͻת۱
ʹҲܲסڴʹķ﷢˵˻Ұްļ¡
ʹ˰ӣݱѣΣʹ糱ˮȴݷ·ˮ̳һ㣬ȫʪ͸ɫҰףѪɫ
ˣֲһڲһҪȥץҩˣܲסʹ⣡ɬȴûκΰ취
Сֲֹ׵ģȫͻȻʹ⣬Сʱʹ⻹ȽǵԽԽʹҲԽԽǿңղţݲòҽƣνҽֲҲ޲ߣֻܿһЩα겻αҩҼ۸ߡ
ʮҲһЩɣһֲϣһ췢һΣһʹ۹һһǿÿʱҡ

ݰеó˵㣬һٶ
һҩҪһǧмҵҲİٶһǧҩνۣݸ޿κΣҽѾ׼ݵţ֪ݵ벻ƣԿ߼ۣǴš㰮ҪҪҪ͸ǮҪʹȥɡ̡
ҲڣȻ˵һ벻ƣΪֲȴҵĶ졣
ܲܲҩأ˼ţֲʹ࣬Ӳɴһ£ǲҩ뷨ʱɢȥһҧݴеļҵ뿪ңȥ
ƹģҪ߽̣ƹĵ
һͷҰ׵ߴŻҴӣĵ
ҵĴ֮ʹޱȣж´ǰڹ̨ϣ壬ԴʱʹϵĶ룬翴δп˵ĸĸİɡ
ƹ壬ϸ
Ǻ񣬿ֲ̫ڣûоټмǶİɫСֱѿĳɫϣҸ㵱
ҪʮĻɣȻ֪Լ岻ÿɺôǸĸԼΨһ㻹˵Ĳͣû취£ܲõͣסŭ𣬵ͳ
ұҰɡƹû˿ԥ˻ظݣȻһԣҲ
϶պ壬޵뵽ԼĹֲԥѣҲ¶ɣ˼ʲô
ģҵ䵱ҵĵݱƵͶ·ӻóµԺǩõŭڹ̨ϡ
ҿһƹ۾һ£Ԫ½ʲôǵƤݳǣƤļֵǸߵľˣݳǵƽضΣһ˿վĵضҲֵüһǧӡ
šλñȽƫƧʮƽҸǧôƹô˼̣
ǧ
߰ɡ
ǧݽʱ˽ӽǧֲʱĸоסջصĳ嶯Ǯ׬ȴҲ򲻻ġ
ɽҾȥշ
ƹϲɫæպõһƵɽǧƱλˡ
ǣƹġ
պƱʱֲֻʣһʱһ㣬æݳҽҩҽҩݡ
ݼҴҸ·ʱûвǰͻȻ΢һһܻ
쵰ȻűĶȥ䵱ֻǵ䵱ٶӣҪǣǸ˵ȻҪˣǰųһҲ޼֮ȺʿҲ蹷һȥˣӣȱ쳹׻ָ꣬ȥˣ
ⷬȻʱ𼱻ǵƼҩݸȥ


002 
ݳģ¥լǸƼ֮أݳͷĴǾסĵضΡ
Ƽҩݣݳǵһҩݣݳƫλá
ҩݸߴΰһŨصҩζҩΪģܹҩݽ⸱ģƼҩݵǿơ
߽ҩݣϣҩݲǺܶˣҩݵϰȴҩݴ
λֵܣҽģϰҽڲڣһơ
ҽҽλءƿݵĺʱͷĵ
ܲܰҴҽ˵ϱ̷ǰҽŭȴûбֳϷеЦݣѾʮӣƵ
Ҷֵܣ˵ҾȥӻǻƸܵķɫü죬һգ۾üЦݳֵܡ
лˣֵܡЦȴ鲻ѡ
Ƽҩݵһ
ҽⲡܲҽΡһŮǵǣģȴһɫ۵ߣ°һɽ룬ִŮϣãźۼĨһŮС֣һģ˵ⲡܹ֣ҽ꣬鷳
ݳҽһа취ģҽ취ȾҡŮԶʱСɷףſǻ
𼱣鷳Ҳȫûа취һĪ⣬ϣײ¶һ˿Ц
ллҽŮһæл
ţҽ˳һģ취еҪ󣬻֪ܵ˲
ʲô취ҽָʾأŮæʵ
ǡ
ˣ
ҽڽʱһҽĻ
˭ţ֪Ϸڿ𣿡ҽŭ˳
ҽи˳ϱ̷ݣǰҽίйûƻæ
˵ûաҽͷ˵
ģһǧϷϡ𣬵ҵ£ҽĵװ
⡭ǡƻ˵ϾǮƣɾʱҽӽŭϷûա
ǣǣƳϻ̳ϿֵˣҽֶѻЦݿŮ
ʲôҽûգݲûԭΪԼǮӦûֲŶԣû뵽Ȼûա
ѽֵܣҲΪϾҲССĻơǮƣҲһ˿Ρ
ŶлֵˡĻƵļת뿪ƼҩݣݺͣȴǷԹľǿȻǮҪһˣһʹҧһ̣۾һͰȥˡ
ţٴο첽Լȥ
ԸԼʹһ棬˿
ݸ̤ԼţһҵʹͻȻð˳ʹԽԽңڶȵһĸͻȻǿң
ֱӵڵ·ѣҰް˻ƺҪʹйȥ
ʱʱ쳣Ѱÿһ붼ŵļʻ
¸¸£ʹøЩɡʹֵʱĳֻ쳹գܵʹԽңھҲԽǿܵԽ࣬ʾԽǿʱҪ¸£Ҳʡ˲˼¸£¸¸¡
һһȫ̱ڵϣˮʪ͸˵棬û˿۾
ˣûҩһǰˣޱƣʶȴǿ뵽
ţܲסƣҲǵ棬ֱӳ硣
峿һϵ˯ߣݵľ˺ܶ࣬ˬǣ̵շ֮£ݴзһ壬ֱӳƯ
ûˣ⻹Ҫżȫҵ·ΪŬء

λӣӢٷ磬棬һ˲šݻû˵꣬ǽеλҡҡ֣Ҫ
˼̸
һºʮһȿͽ֮ˣ֣˿ɵúú׼ϵɽ
ѽһĻԵһҲһǱѡУʱҲԳΪˡ
˷ݵءƼЩȲˣ˷·𿴵˱ѡеĳĻ
죬ҶһºĿͽڰݿԶȥˣҡҷ
һ˵ڡ֣˵һʱ䣬ͻ뵽ݵءƼ˷ڣס޵ĵطЩҲ֪ţڵľû֪
ֵһǣÿʮ꣬ڶɽԭ翺ټɽݳʮɽ֮УԪ½ʮ굽ʮͽ
ÿӣݳطﵽҪſǣų飬ǰʮɽУڵͽ
ܹѡе꣬һֻ̤;ԳΪݵءܵˣҪѡв£ͽѶȼߣ˵ǰٷ֮ʮŵʧʡ
˼ͻȻ뵽ѡУ̤;ܲκԼĹֲ
뷨ݵ˼ͻˡ
κֲĻԼҲȥǸɶҽˣݵڵӶʱУҲЩɫʡ
٣ϰ壬·ӣʻݵ룬˻һӡ
ҵĳߴ磬һ
õġֿʼæµĵףһ뷨޿ƵǰȥڲμͽˣǲΪΪˣΪֲҲȥһ⡭


003 ˣĪ
Դǰڽܿ˵ͷѾ᲻ÿôæµ׬ǮԼֲ޵׶£׽⡣
һѣǰڽܿˣͨˣԼĹֲϣȬʱҲһݣң㲻ɹͷҲǿԵġ
ݵ˦еĴֻ˼׻ϴ·ʼǰʮɽеڡ
ֻʱ䣬ݿӱ޴ݳǳ
ҶݳǵıԵС򣬳˷ҶҲǳ׳ݳǡ
һҿջڣڿλãŶ
ֵ˳˺Ҷӭʮֵʱ
ݳЩĽǰڵǣһЩıڼ֮ģʱССķҶ򼷵ñ˭зҶǳȥݳǣǰʮɽıؾ֮ء
Сٸһټһ⡣ݳϵķˣδٴνЩ
׼ȥڽܿˣҲŰԼһ·ϺóԺúȣݰоƽ˵˵Ѷȷǳ󣬸ӼӪԿҲкô
٣ֵܣɡʱһ
ȥһʮ˾ĿָָԱߵλӵ
ԡݵͷ˿ΧŷֿջλûѾˡ
ллˡһЦƨһȥȻֵĽС˾Ʋˡ
Ȳ˵Ŀյǿҿһסģݺƽ
λֵܣǲҲȥʮɽڵĿˣеûţݣʱ˻ϻӡ
šݵ˵ͷ
Ҳǡһ˿˷ܣһͨˣʱͿԳΪ˵еˣƼܣ
Ǿףɹˡ΢΢һЦﲻ˵ͽôͨ
ˣֵܣʲôҽ£ҽХХ͵죬ҽ
ݡ
ʱݵľƲѾˣһһ⡣
ֵۣܣҲϲ𣡡Хһ۷Ź⡣
һȣҲģХһơ
ǾͶлˡХ˿飬𱭾ͺ
ХľƲҲ˳ԺȵͬʱҲһȥģҲ
ҹĻ١
Աˣһ¾ȵջס£һǰʮɽХΪ˸˷ܲѣ·ϣôˡ
룬һ飬ǰʮɽҲȫ˵㣬뵽⣬ݲƲƲ죬ڿµһؿʮɽɽҰããɽǱصտ϶٣Ҫڽܿˣ·Ͽ϶ҪգͨʮɽҲǶʵһֿ϶
ټڵҪ֮һǰ˵ڽʮɽ󣬲ܴżڣǶǰȻ߽ͬвΥ涨
Ҳӿ϶뷨ʮɽҪκùֲĵһż
ҹڴϣû˿˯⣬ԺȫǶ翵ڲ룬ڵʲôģЩƼ˷ˣʲôģɷ磬ޱȣ
¸£ȫ޸ˣ
ʱûвһֻǰ壬ͻȻһת

ͻȻں˼ͻȻһƺߣеһʹдʾơ
ãֲҪˣͷһɹֲȴ˼ĻᣬգۣҵʹѾȫӣ˺ѷεľʹ
ӹ鴤ɿֲһʹݵǶûȥ
һڹȥˡ
ݴڴؿھȫˮǣ˯ϣ˼ȴûпЩֻеϵȫգſţȫ顣
ĹֲˡͷǲѣϢĿյָ
¸¸¡һЦͻȻݶӣƺš
ͻأ͵һûȫֻþܡ
˭˭˵
СһͻȻеؿһҫ۵ɫɵĹâųãϷһɫӰ
Ʈݵĳͫŵɫֱͦǣ촽Ƿӣȫɫ޷˫ʮҵ˿Ʈ飬˷ȥϸϸܣȴһĸо
㣬㡭ڵӵɵϴ󣬶ǰӰ𾪵˵
¸¸¡ɫӰ𾪵СӸȥ̵𣬶ֻΪٶӣŻŻ㣬ñƽˣ
㡢˭ƽЩʵ
ٺ٣ɫӰ¶飬ƺ廳Щʲô̫̾̾ԶˣԼǵˣͽбĪаɣҲԽСĪС
ĪУ֣ǰͻȻֵɫӰ֮ɫδɢȥĪУǴĳģ
СһǰɣɫӰݣɫɢһ˿ȤЦ⡣
ô֪ҵ֣ٴαסˡ
ǸۡеСƨҾߣʮ꣬ô᲻֪֡ĪпŶʮңɶµˣȴһһСƨʱһҪ۵ĳ嶯
Īдԣ˫ӿһǿҵĲţĪУʲôʱԼʮˣΪʲôҴûм
ٺ١ƺݵ˼ĪааһЦŵǰ壬Ǳסĵطűļң϶͸ˡ
㣬סѾйѣεĳ嶯һ˾ȻԼǰ˵סԼСŵ췽̸һʱܲˡ
ǵȻֻ״̬϶ǼڱĶĪһ˵Ƿϻı顣
ϻ˵ĪͻȻòͷȥ˼ǲǱֲ
ԣԣһ㶣漴һ룬ĪиԼʮ꣬϶Լָƣ϶֪ġ
ŵͬʱͻȻĪһֵֹֹԼʱݺëʶ˫۱ӣ㣬ʲô
ĪпģƲƲ죬СӰѱʲôˣѵǸ
뵽£Īɫ¶˼ɫҲЩɣ𵽵ҪҪأʲһ㣬СֲټϱĻ
ˣʮ꣬ҲһԵ֣͵ǽԵһѰɣ
뵽⣬ĪеͻȻĿݣ䲻ðһȫסĻݣ벻κĹֲ


004 ϣ
κùֲͷһòŷӦӿֳŨŨϲͷ룬Ȼ룡
ֲ̫죬ݳǵҽҲû취ҲΪֲǰʮɽġԭϲȴתЩɥ
ʿĲµĽƣǸʲôƨҽθƨĪͷƲӣȴЦ˻ۿݣǲΣ˵أ
ΣԶʱסˣɴ۾ǰӰЩš
ĥԼʮꡢЧĹֲǰӰ˵Σһʱ䣬⻳ɵĪС
񣬶ʱĪиеܵӣŭСӣʲôǲű𣿣֮£ûжٱ飡
ֱۣУ󻰣˭㣬ҪͨͣܵСġ
Ȼû˵ȴĪôῴء
ôˣľ˻ˡϣĪвûзŭͻȻ侲һֲݣʱݸе﷢ë
ٺ٣ݳСӣ㲻űҲ޷һʾֲĵڶʹҪϮղܡ
˵գĪп˦˦ͷ˫ִǰһݺϷģ
ݶʱ
ҽˣƹˤⱾײһˣڵӵתһȦڴʲô⣬ôõ⣬Ҳѧ˾ϸ㡣
ãôҽ
һҧݾȻĵӣҪ౯׳ж౯׳
СӡݶԽӣƮѵĪһ˿֮ɫһɸνű𣬱𶼲Сӻˡ
ǺãڿʼҵָӡĪеϱ
ϥ£˫ֽӡۣʲôҪ룬״̬Ī˫ֽһµӡᣬһָݡ
ĪеȾݣ֪һ˿
˵ŬԼνĿ״̬εǣԽҪԽࡣ
㻨˿һʱݲſ״̬
ⲻ֪Īеȴһ˿ͣûСġ
ʱֲĵڶͷһЩ£ȻһֱԺը𣺡ʲô룬صɡ
ĪеĻ·ĪħݲԾĪеĻҲûκζʣµģֻԵ
⣬Ī˵ġ֮Ķһ޶壬
ɽ࣬ҽľ
ݰĪνġľʼнɣʱȴĪɣĿڱǺ֮䣬ʼһ˿˿΢СƵİɫʼݾ£Ŀڱǣźڡ
ݸоӿһɸ¶ԼĪ泩ģǹֲľʹѱ׵˾⡣
ʱ仺ţһһ㣬ҹĻϵķ𽥵ȥֻʣһֵ¡

ֱֱȻۣһ
̫ˣǹֲҸûиܵκʹ޾泩ӿϲֱ˼飬ĪеӰֱ̫ˡ
վǣʱž糴ӵ죬ȫ·ϴ跥ǰϴһߣëȫһ泩
ţóͻȻŵһζԼԭȫմ˺۹
ҿôôࡣæȥڴ˹УںһεԼжҲ硣
ףĪУĪȥˣЩݲŷִ˿̵ġѾʧˡ
뵽Ī˵סæͳ壬ǸĪУڲڣ
ģôҪͻȻһɵɫâɫӰƾճϿգ˯Īһˬĵ
ٺٺ١ڨڨ֣ĪеҲÿ֪ЧѾȫĪУԼĹֲ
ģĪƲ죬Сӣտʼű֪˰ɡ
ԺÿʱͰҽм飬ͿסĹֲˡĪеĵﰵ룬ٺ٣ʱ򣬸װװ˰ɡ
ܸΣԣʱʵ
СӣҪ֪ˣֲôѲ϶Ҫһʱ䡣ĪжʱͷĵûʲôģҾͼ˯ˡ
˵Ҳݻظɫһӣâһ
ˣҲˣԼʮĹֲϣҽˣҲûȥڣϣˡ
ݺСۿɫҪٸеԼˬû˯⣬Ҳ͸ɴȥϴ
ĳϲٺ٣ԤϵĹȻûдڽƵġʹĥ£СӵľȻͿǿһأһξȡôЧ۹ⲻаٷ֮һϣˡ
ϴϣͻȻ˼ԼĹֲϣԼҪҪǰڿأҪ֪ſ˺ѣ˼ʺܴ˵
ιݳСӣǸʲôʲôڵģȥߣôˣҲȥС棬ҪǱ֪ʶǰѱˡ
˼ʱĪеûݱߣһҪ˾һٵĳ嶯
ʲôжˡݺĪȴûˣ˭ԼֲϣأǰԼﲻ
һʱƽ˾һգðɣˡﰲοԼ˲С˹ͲĪһƽϡ
˼֮ʣ롣
ˣ
˭
ңХֵԵʮ㣬ֹСû硣
ˡݴ򿪷ţȴХһӣȣݣʱ죺ֵܣҲˡ
ݷۣⲻǷϻҶվˡ
ߣһ㡣
ȻˣҲ͸ɴХ˳ȥԸ㣬˿νֽţ൱൱ԷɨһҲСӢϧӢۡĸоˡ
ݣ벻㿴˹ģôͣХٺֱЦ
Ҳݷ˸ۡ
ѧҳС䣬Զ󡣡
ȥϹԱ㣬ǸóСǰʮɽˣ
ãھͳ
СӣԱż򵥵ң߳˷Ҷ򣬳һƬޱ޼ʵɽȥ


005 ܺúǿ
ɽɽ룬ޱߵɽ޾ݳպʮɽС
ľֱ֣񷣬һҶˬ
ɳɳ
̤ĵ棬겢Уһߴɫһȴ㣬һͨɫ£ʱĿ⾯ɨܣɽΣء
ݺХ˽УʮɽڼҲһЩͬ꣬ʣҲǰڽܿ˵ġ
ʮɽޱߣԽҲϡвײҰʱʱQһ
ҵǣХʵϣղͨҰޣɵֵסˣأݵĵҲҰޣҲХһ֡
ֲ֪һһݵѧХһѣһֻϻȻһȭûü͵ˡ
ŵĿϻʬԼţȻԼ۾ȭġ
ݣУХզ࣬Ĵָʽ̫ѿˣô㶼ѧģѵ
ǰɡЩ飬ڨڨ棬ɻѣԼʲôʱôţˣֱýý·Ҳ磬Ҹôõ·ҲǺֲۣǣԼȻȭһֻϻ
ѵƹֲֹŹֵĴЧ
ݰ˼ʱһмдűĵͷǴС֣һֻСӣֵľټ֡
ݲûʵʵĪеģһǳ˰ɣ
ɨһΧûκζŷɲ뱻֪ԼôһŹֵ壬סôһŹֵˡ
ƨأ鴫У˵ĬˣҪɵ˵֪
룬Ī˵ԽԽǷˣһȻһֻϻ˵ɡСӡȥİ֮Ժο
ǶһˡХڿݡֺΪ˷ܵݵļ磬Ц
ȿڵɽ˵ɣֻûһƲءݵǵܶ࣬Ҳֳȥ
һ·һԸǴ£¼̣ڼҰޣǱǿ̬ɨȥȥˣڣԽԽʮɽġ
ݳСӣ⼸һҲûдΪԭˣʱ򰲶ԹԸҲҪȻֲٺ١
Īв²ۣţСڼ˱ϣұԽ̵ôҲԼĵӰɣǲʱ˼֪ˣǶ˱
֪ˡεĻش
ʱХͻȻĴ󺰣쿴ɽڵɽ
ԣæХָȥֻɽһ޴ϿУɢǵصɹâƣɵУֿɼһ޴ɽ壬ɶ
ʣֻСˡſֱʣǾˡ
ǿ쳯ȥͷҲһ󼤶һֱǴ˵񿴵⴫˵еɶҲѹݵҲˡ
˵ХԼѾ񱼹ȥֹХˣټʮɽУп⡮ɾ꣬ǼĳƵķȥ
˷ɢڸ꣬һ̣ͬһۡ
׻˵ɽ
ǡɾƾǰ֪жԶ
죬ݺХȴ𺳵Ŀǰľ
ơУһǧɵĴɽУɽɽ壬Ծַ·Ѿͨ飬ӡڣ
ЩʵʵݺХȫһ泩ÿϸڻȸԾһ˿ɻҲͷ𣺡ЩĪ˵ֻŨѽ
Χʮ־ͬϵͬһ𺳣ǰġɾŵģ˵
˾סĵطţ棡ͷ̾
ݳСӣֻС֮仯龳𾪸ƨЩþڵıɽһǣҲ˼ҵɽⲿܲܵһ㣬ѱˡ
Īкɸ֣ʹļס
ݸ𺳣ǰôʵĳȻֻǻþþ񲻹ڵһⲿ棿
⡭⵽ʲôͨ˾ˣͨǳ˿ġ
ֵǣĪô֪ôѵҲˣܰɣ
˼·һݶšɾ𺳣Ҳ͵ȥ١
ʱͻȻһ⻪һ˰ա
ޱ߼ʵĵÿ˶
뿼˻ʮ죬ȽɽᣬϢʮȿˡ
·ߴϿȺƵϿǵɫУõһɫ۵һӣһɺƵ֮ʮ˾ڣɨϿȵһߣʯݵɽᴦ
ÿһݣ챾ǡ˻ȥѾʧʡ
Сʿȱ𻹻װƣĪкܲˬĶԶȥ˷˱ָһм
ʲôʲôطڵʮˣЩͿã˲ŷӦԭǿʱ仹ûеˡ͵Ϣ죬ʱٽǿˡ
ѹ˾ǻζ
ۣղʲôֶΣȻּ䣬Ͱ͵ˣͨ
ѽһˡ˷硢ȥ١
һҪڣΪˡ
˵ߴߴݺХҲЩͣȻĪеıٴδֻеСʿ㾪ȸƨһҲԵġ
ҿԣץסص㣬ʱȵ
ô࣬ȥѡһӣձĺúô㻹벻ĹֲˡĪвͷĵ
ݡŶһȴЩоԼĪУԽԽĪˣңҪԼĹֲƺԼ࣬ΪʲôҪԼ
˼޹ݺХڵʯݣʯݼӣеһû٣ɽôݺХˬ죬Ժú˯һ
Ҹÿȥÿ졣
ݸոճƨûȣȴĪǿҪ£ʼ˴ġ
ûûҹĴԷ˯ʱҲˡ
뿼ԽԽХҲûݣǿ̿Ĵʯڿȡ̤ͨ;
ʮ죬˵첻죬˵Ĺȥˡ
³ۣڵﾫտտ
ÿһδеӯޱȣͨ泩ˬںҲ˸ġҲʮ첻˯ԷҲ˵Եʡ
ٺ١Сûñʧôﵽһ㣬ܺúǿ󡣡ĳ˰ϲ
֮ѵȿ˿ʼ


006 
ṩǰϢɽᣬͻȻصŵġȴ޴ںƵصһ͵£ɽǰһرãգѾ˳
鼸ǧ꣬ͻȻֵǧɽǰ
֪ʱɽǰٳտĳأǧϣ꣬վյϡ
ҵХ󲢼վһɫЩȴôĿˣҪˡ
ٺ٣ѾˡХֿ죬һ˫ȭͷ߬Ľġ
Բҭסڼݺôùͣţͣ
˵ͷʱǻþɽУͻȻɳ⣬˵ϿգΪ׵һˣ׷ͯգɷ磬һϮɫƮ̤ɢɫԵϱŵģҲɫĮɢĳϢ
˵ĵϢЩ֮ϵҲó羴Уһ˿ȡ
ңԿôվȴÿ˶ţΪ׵˿ڵ
ΪããɽѾȥٶµ꣬ǻҰɱ򱻶жֲﶾмǧˣ;Уûиϵ˵Һңǻŵ
ԣɫˣпᣬǲпķΪһ˿;Լٶˣ룬ĺһƬͷƤ飬ҲԽңԼȻվ
ܲп᣿ܽң˺񶴳˵ĻԪ½ǿ棬ǿʳ֮µ淨򡣡
ҲпĻں棬ڱŴϵͽˣʼ
أͨߣΪŵӡ
Ŵϵ˵üǧѪĦȭƵģԾԾԣ˵һץסˣԾţΪܵˣʧˣͼŷˡ
ݺХ˫Ҳڴ
һأݣ
԰գ˵һӣȻһ쵽µӰӭǣ꿴Ͽ֮䣬ͻȻһбϵĵʯݣʯȥǼɣʯݶޱȣԽߴʯԽԽ⻬Ѿûнݣֻ΢΢İ͹˽
һϵݶߣΪͨһأ
ԣͷĿѾȴ˴룬ⶸ͹⻬ߴɵĵʯݣ˾һУ󣬵ݣȻڵ죡
Ȼ˵أûԸʱ˳ټʱȣԹʱ䶼ûУǰ;ѣҲҪȥ
ҿʯݿȹǧȥҲɵ¡
ݺХһ𣬿ʼݡ
ԣΪףХѧҳֲڴʮҲΪýХضá
˽ɣɿ
Խ棬ݱͣشֱХҲɣ˵ʯϣٶ
ʱ仺ȥ
ȥˡ
һʧȥץסʯףִʯ׸ߴ׹üλ˷˻־
ԽԽ˼ֲס׹ȥ
ȥˡ
ǧˣֻʣ¶ٶסˣܴʮɽģĸûмˢӣˣһؽȥ㣬ˢ˰ٷʮ˾ʮɹʣʵڵ͵Ŀ
ʣٶУݺХͬһ׶Σϲ㣬Ѿ˵ݵķ֮λá
ԽߴѶԽߣʯԽԽƽҼ֮ǰģХÿһ֣ҪķѾ޴
ݾԵɺܶ࣬оڳӯų棬ʹϵڣҲѶ
Լʮ죬ȻХʮ껹ҪĪУ⡭棬ݲš
СӣĹпɱǹССʲôڵĿˣɴײˣʡҷġĪһаͿ
ʱȴûзԽԽоĪеĲ֮˵ҲȫǴ

ʱţһʱԽԽ
ХԹ٣붥ԽԽ
Хͣ㲻˵ҪһڣΪܵ𣿣ݿХ£ǵͨ죬ȴǼᶨƵŲ򶥵㡣
óХѾҪĴˣʱ򣬶ٶٴˢ½ӽˣʣǾǱ׼ǽ¡
ԣХӿһůⷬĪĶʱХ˫ۼӲƶһ硣
ͣͣݱХٶȣһ𣬲ʱΪ𣬶ʱ򣬾ȻѾ㣬⼸ˣ¶˿ϲ
ݵжΪԼȫʵǣ͵ȥˣǻ죬ݵΪˣעᶪѣôദѾֵХѡ
ֻʣ¶ʮˣʮ˵˶㣬Хݣֻʣ²ɾ룬ɣȴ֮Զݹ⻬ֻ΢΢͹ʯХһ˫סһ͹ŬҪȥȴ˫۽Ǽֲסǰס
ɹֻһ֮ңһȴͬģХȫʪ͸˫ĿѪǲʡ
ȥȥһԿþģǸ꣬ǿĲϷ䣬˺ڿЦΣХʼϲȥ
һʱѵ
˵ͻȻһҧһ˲䣬סХһŤһĪǧһ֮ʣֱԾȥ㡣
Ϯоһɺ
ʱХѾվվúȣѾĴ
ּ䣬һŵݶݣлл㡣
̭ˣɨɨݺХ˻ᣬתµͻδȥ꣬ĵ
ѹ̭ļǧ˫Ŀͨ죬е̲סֱᡣ
˵ûд棬ֻб̭û
ǿԻȥˡ˵û˿ޱϲƽĺ
ž
̭ǣһ˲·е;Ƿϵתɢȥ
Ŵһ֣ϵݶĶʮ걻һץǵݶʱСƴϵ
һͨٴס˶ʮͨһ㿼˵ǡ
ϲǣͨ˵һءŴɨɨݺХղݵСĲ׽ˣûҪȥ˵
ǿϢһʱǵڶؿˣͨߣΪŵӣ
Ϊ֮һֻҪͨһأǾɹˣɹץס̤;
˿ʼϢ
һʱ󣬾һʮ꾫˲٣һĵҲָ٣ڴϵڣڶأʶѹʼ


007 ŵ
ŴϵĻոϡ
껹֪ʶѹʲôȻ䣬ŴļĮϣŷһɿֲƣƵѹʮˣ
ˢˢˢ
˲䣬类صĴɽУȻеһɼµϢУһʱһƬհס
ҿεĿֲÿȥĿ죬һգۣѾȻ޴档
ɫһ˲ó죬˻ԴòŻﾪֲѣƣֲ̫ˣݻһľ
ٿΧʮվУֱιȥʮڻվŵģаˡ
ˣɫɷףվ¶֣Ӳ԰ףУХҲˣֻʱȴȽϲңԭ͸֧ȻϢһʱɱˮнⷬʶѹʱɫҰףȫ΢΢˫࣬ҪˤȥæԷס
ȽȻƽ⣬ûʡ
ĪУôôңʶѹȻֲҲûô̬ɣϰԵİѲ˦ĪС
ݳСӣܲܿԼһ㣬ǿԺ㾭ʮĹֲڹֲľĥ£ѱ˼ǿĶ࣬ټϱľһ˿ʶѹǵֵסпԭֵסɴȥҶˡ
ҿҾȻôţ档ﰵϲѡ
ϲǣڵڵŵˣšǿԳƺΪϡŴϵһݰϲɫϵʹ࣬Ҳ޴ϲҲ׷ɳȥˡ
ģĿ϶ͣ˺ܾãﰵʾˣҲǿǱʲˣĥ¼꣬ʱ򡭡ţ
ллϣ󺰡
ݺХһۣһЦ
ɹˣ𣿣
һţͷֶԺһ˷Ը⼸ѹǳȥ
ǣϣӦһ
һӣɵĹһ͵磬סݰˣϿУһһ⣬Զȥ
ˣҲȥ
ȥ˲䣬ƵɽɢʮɽƵһ翵
ͽѽȻȥա
ʱģŭģεʮɽ
ݰˣȴĳȣŷ۵缲ͫӵĸо
˷ˬ
˵ǿҵɫʡ
ֻƬ̣Ѿӹһ´
˾ǲ⣬ǰ£˵ôطľٶʱɻİ˻Ȼ
ֻȫ𣬶Ҳɫ£󷨾˫ִһɵ⣬һµķӡӷ˫ֽգģɫӡں£гһ޴ɫӡᡣ

һƣɫӡŵĹǰա

ůѩӡһڻͻȻһǧĵ֣ڣõһ޴ţռǧƣɽͣϷɺ棬¥Сͤ䡭
һɾ
ӡɫֳһͨ
˱һַȫˣţޣµգΪʲôͻȻһ
Ǳڣַֻ۷׽緢֣ԺȻͻˡ͵
ͷĪеСӣһֻСʿûи㣬ڣлڴ󣬴ǧֲֿƣҴߣûһʵ϶ЩֱӻΪһң⻤ڴĸţض᲼õġ
ԣݰ붮һȴ֪ˣԭ۷۷滹бŵĿֲʲô󷨣ﻹнơ
ǽɡҲֱͣһ֣һ⣬Ű˽ڡ
ʱ䣬һտ
ԽǴϤϤţʽ˷Ը˼䣬һ⣬ʧߡ
Խɫ꣬ԭʶʱ˼֣תЩŰˡ
ɡ˴Ű˹һţﰵ佣ΪʲôÿζϲǾͲҪ
ǻظԵԺӣȻۺľڷˣ˰šڣԽͷķԸ˼䣬ˡ
ֻεĻصԼԺӣ뵽ڣҲû졣
ݺХڵԺ䣬ڸԵԺϢ˻ᣬȻɫ۵һ͵ݵԺӡ
ɫۣһһӵֽƤӡ
봩ŵͳһۣľǰ㣬úȻи߲ľ
ͶͯҲΪͷ˵˼䣬ȥˡ
ݰѵۺͱһߣǱֽƤӷ¼ɬʮѶֱϣЩͼǺԼֲƺ񣬶ͼϣѨλ磬ۻҡ
ҲաĪеһôûС
ӳһİۣܹɵؼԳΪ֪֪㾹Ȼ˵
͡ĪЦɣݣǱ㣬;ãʿһֻΪ˳ɳɴӹжʿԴﵽ˵ľ磿
ⱾľΪ㣬ɣ
ϣǣ˵ˣͯ˵ˣкľԲɷ
Сӣǲ𣿣Īֱӷ쭣һĪкѾģǰȻѧֱӱ
ѧֱ˷ʱ䣡
Ҳѧѧʲô̯̯֣ʮ޹
ѵ𣿱ӳһҲзһŷ͸Ӷˡ
㣿룬ڵתһȦĪԴӳֺΪֹ˵ţء
뵽⣬ݶʱ˫۷ŹĪУѧͲѧҾɷ
ľС
һߣĪб˱ָȥˡ
ǸСʿţһٱĪкٺһЦﲻݡ
Աȴϻţ棿ݴӵ۾ɵùԲȵĵѽǸɵĪоȻ˵ԼԳԽ˵ҲԳ˷ּɽѣƱã
ôٺ١Īкݵľȱ顣
ɽҸô붼룬̴Ӧ
ǰҽķĪеȻ
飡
ֱӵڵ档
ڲǰʱǰ̿ķϣ˯Ī֪һ;ɳжȵĵ
õģ
ϣ磬εԼ̤񽣣˷߸衭


008 ֪ʶ
һ磬ݸã˹棬ϡ
߳ȥһǡ˾ӵХѧҳһͻָ˹˽УŴ·ߵ
ʱѾۼǧʿǸϵݵȰˣһԡ
ϣ˹
΢΢ͷ˵ӽÿ糿ҪǸһᰲǵʦֽС
ڴ֮ǰҪǽһЩ顣˵⣬ɫ
׽緲ˣƼܣҪǣǲˣҲֻɵŬʿҲǡߡ
ǲҪΪھͿԳΪˣڣֻܹʹгΪ˵ϣ;ãڽλĳɾͣҪںԼŬ
һϯʱѻ޾ϲµİˣݣĪеġѬա£Ѿ֪һЩԱֵĺƽ
٣ڣֻҪŬϣұߵľ绮֣ߴӵ͵Ϊᵤÿһַ־Ų㣬ڸߵľ磬ҾͲһһ˵ɻľǺøԶɵʿһҲ޷ﵽᵤ磬ܹﵽᵤ磬ԳΪڳϣ
Ϊ֮һﵽᵤڣͿԳΪڵĳϣ
ǿڵĳѽﵽᵤڣͿԳΪڰϵĳϣһǶʱѪ
ڳһְ׽Ľջһɣһ׽磬߼ֱ֮Զ׽Ľ˷иοڵĳְλأ
ͫᡱеĿʱȷᵤڣ
˱飬ǺģߵҪߵøԶڿѾһҪˡ
ˣһ;ڶУǺúϣһʵϣܹһϲҵϣߣһ֮ڣҴﵽ㣬٣ҲҪﵽ㣡
Ͼ˵ѾǱڵӣǵĳɾԽߣʹԽǿԽҲ¶ѿࡣ
ǣϣͦñֱ
ţȥɣԽ㸺Խ
ԣԽɫһ࣬ȴҷ濴ûвȴЦ˻ҿûнҡ
̵𡣡ûЦ꣬Ļʱͷһ£ǣϣ
ȥԽݰˡ
Խ˵䣬ð˸ϣڰǰţ԰ˡ
Խҵɫ£ڰ˾ǸŵĲԽֻô
ߣҪͷʵǿҪ׼ϣԽʵԽǿߣǼΪҪģڷԺٸһһ˵죬Ҹҽ
ľڵľĹľһأҪȸֻܵиܹܵҪԼأ״̬ܵؼĴڡ
ԽǳԵĽôľɶڲǣȴǡǡõģҲζȴʱĪͷʼ²˵ǴֲڲݳСӣ㲻ˣԼһ
ʲôкô𣿣ɻѣʵ
һ㣬ֱ˷ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ҽĹĪе
Խʦ彲磬ǡҲġݻ˵Īȴͱϻࡣ
ֱۣûڶ˵ĪмȻ˵ˣ϶ĵҲӺԼ
ʱȥˣԽ⣬˴ŸԵĸصԺӣһ죬ǵʱ䣬˾ǴŸʼĥľʱȴںĪн̸š
ݳСӣ㶫ĪдҪͷ
ԼľϣĪлڣжЩࣺ񣬵ȻһҪס
ãصĵͷĽ״̬
ĪۣɫӰͻȻˣ˫趯ջµĹ켣ֻĪһȣ
ಣ
һɫĹŴĪеӰз룬ɳ壬ӡݵӡС
ֻеԼԺͻȻһδӦ
䣡
ԺͻȻ羪ըѣ糱ˮӿֱʶһ˺ʹʡ
ҲҿĪ֮ǰѣ׼ס˺ѷΰʹһɫˢĲ԰ףվǼסˣףҪ鹦ڶĹֲĥʹ˳˵
˺ʹ𽥼ѾޣȴƶЩ
ۣɫ籡ֽʹдûɢ
ĪУڸʲô㺦ˣͷĪУȻ֪ܺԼɻ̲סԹ
СӲʶģֻһݡ˵⣬ĪЩ⣺ߵĻ֪ʶһȫˣѾģΪ궼Ĳ١
ϸȥȷĪеӰȻ˼֡
ţһ㶣һݣ֪ʶ
ۺúøԼļ䡣Īе
ʱоһɺƵӴϢµɢڸݵӶʱеһʹ
СӣֿԲˣúһЩϢôܴ󣬺ٺ١ĪлЦ
һ죬˼Ѿʹ⣬ڰӴµϢá
һ𺳸Уݵĵӿ
ţĪˣʲô
֪ΪʲôĪнԼȥˣԼԺڣѾӵЩϢ
ϢӴаݴһ㵽ᵤŲľ徭ѨλϸüλáƷָϡ㷨⡭
ֱһ鱦⣬ҽһգ۾ȫԼļԼ׳գһԾΪʿͨݲ棬ҲԲ³ĪеţͲƽ
ĪУлл㡣ݷĵĵ
Ȼ֪ĪΪҪԼҲ˽ģΣԼҲȻֲĥҵȥˡ
˵ĪиıԼһĹ켣˵лл
Сӣֱ˵ùάҡĪƲƲ졣
ٺ١ЦЦԹҲϢͶУڶıУв


009 
ʱۣţº
ھϵȻ˫ۣڵɫâͫɫȥ
ĪУͻˣݼ֣ƴһĪмලݱвסˣټԽᵤڵһֱżХ̸ͳԺ⣬ݼеʱ䣬С
ڽ죬ͻǰ㣬ﵽľ硣
ϵҾȻǰˡǰ˵ģһﵽ㣬ֻŹȥ£ԼˣͷЩϲ
ÿЩʱ˳ġ
˼ҫ²ŵ㣬ֵҫ𣬳Сӣ۹ͲܷԶͲΰһҶ˵ˣҵĿǣҪǸСʿǿʮ౶Īаﲻݡ
ݱһеĵҲɢ٣תڴĪУĿ𣬴ʲôʵ
ݣߣҪ̬Ҳľ⣬̬߲٣ɼԱҲäĿԸô˵Ҫһųź͸սһеģĪгϵ࣬ڽСʿᵤ㡣
ᵤšݾ̾һԶ˵ĪеġϸϸĥĪеĻ̬ʱƽ٣ֻǶԼԺ󣬸ڴ
һҲԴﵽᵤڣȽᵤڻҪţʮ
뵽ڵŨصǿɫʣšڴ
ʱ˸߳ңԺµĿ
ˣ
ݣţ
ûãͻȻصߵ
һЦХСӣʱôˡ
ţȴʵХ죬ٺֱЦݣҲû
֪Ҫĸô첻ڼˣݴȤ
ХȴǺٺһЦֱ߽ݵԺӣģû˿ͷ·ԼԺӰ㣬Ժµʯϡ
ڼ£Ǳﻵˣٺ٣ǰͻˣ㡣Хʼ˵ʱʱüЦĶŪŪôţɡ
ţ棡ͬĪеϲˣݺǺЦһĴָ޵
Ѱ˼ĥţڼұ˼£ӦóɢɢˡХȻʼ硣
ʲôɢģҸպҲɷɣһȥߡݸͻƣãҲ˵
ХشѾյ߳Ժӡ
ХæƨߵĴʯվ׷ݡ
Ŀģߵա
ߵʱȴۼ˺ܶˣΧһȦǵı飬Ȥڴ۾Ķ룬˶ĲԹɫӦʲôƣЩֻ֪ʦǲô˷ܵġ
ʦ֣һ淢ʲôˣݺХߵȦӱԵһʦ֡
ǰʦͳʦд裡ʿһۣشһ䣬ֱֱּų롣
ݺХд衱ʣ۾һʱȤôãûмߵսء
д裬ģУһյƴȫѽȻ漣㼷ȦƫǰĲǿ
ƽ̨ǰ֪ʲôãףǹдģֻտƽ̨֮ϣͳһɫ۵ʿν֯һﱦ
һһŮеͦΣģʦĳʦ֣һˣȴХݾһ
ƮƮ£һž°ü鶯Ĵͦǣ˵촽ټɫ°͹µģֱӰľɫˡ
ֻݵЩʧǣŮİСȴýģ˪˫ˮӣҲǷ·ź⣬һˡ
Ůκܿ죬紩ƮĴʦֵܣﱦͬ㣬ʱʱͻƷߣʦ֣ٿʦ֣Ȼģȴ֣ĲѾЩңǱ˷ִ磬кüζſֵ
ʦСģҪˣϿЩҲסϾڶͬڳֺðǼװѵ
ݾ۾Ŀţд裬Ѽĺܡ
Ͽһҧ˰תһսһֻ󷨾һ󵭵󣬳Ͽָȵ׽
ֻﳤͻȻҫ۵⣬һ磬ŷ֮ƺХ
ɫأ´ңͻȻʵʵĻӰϿıಡһ롰ȴǸɢ
ã̿ˣ
Ͽһʱо̿գʱȴΪʱ
ֻ֪ʱѾϿ﷨Ѿɣ罣ȥ
׳ˮʱǱ⣬ڽУƮƮȴԼٶϮϿϿֻеһѾһȴ޿ɿܵ׷ɳƽ̨
аС֣Ǳܵڿһתص
ʦ֣ˡ֣ɱ䡣
лʦˣ˴ʦ⣬ûʦõĶˡϿӵվɬڴ֮ͥ±ʦôܣʦõԼҪϲ٣ⲻǼٵģɳϿȻһȵģ
΢΢ͷղűϿʱĴΪģû˼
侲쳣ȥȥʱеʦǵĿ˲ûȣҲѹ֣ڵŮʮһټϰòǷģϿȥͻȻһǳˬģ
ĵϵĻҳϿɨһΧ۵ˣ˦ֶȥ
˾˺
ʦֹҪƵļ첻ˣڸ̤߲İʦ
ǵڼˣǵĸʦսҲҰܵ˰ɣ
˵ʦҲ̶̼ʵô죬ŵеڶĳʦָſˣ¹꣬Ҫսʦˡ
ûرǰʦһ粽罣ֱӦõĳ뻯
˶԰ͣȴ˵粽罣Ȥ粽罣Ƿ
˵ڵӴﵽ㣬ͿҳҪϵľһ˵ʿѡײͷ׽Ϊ׽ѸͿ񱩣ʺʿθڣŮʿͬѡģͬ͵粽罣
ҲﵽˣǲҲѧϰˡ뵽дʱʩչһĳ
ĪСտڣĪԤϵһ㣬ֱӵȥԼȥԼԺ䣬ѧң͡齣衷


010 齣
Īԡֿ˻ŻڸղǳдХ첽ȥ
ݣҾˡʱȻХͻȻͣ£һĶݵ
ʲôˣݿƤЦХ࣬ɺʵ
Ҿȥȡﵽ㡣ХնͻȻɫһתʱҾͿѧϰ󣬵ʩչ˧ģԻԵٴMM
룬ҲʧΪĺöֵñ
ԭɢͷ˸µĶԻصס׼
صԼԺ䣬ݾֱרŹŵľϥ£Ժ䡣
ȻԺ֪ͬʶأЩ棬ȴ֪ϾϢ̫ӴʱޣֻʱľͼȻϢģĪ˵׹ҪΪӪһһӡ
ݶ֪ԼԺзһ˵ĪмȻԼҲͱڿˡ
뵽ݶʱӣȡ
ңΪԵǧң
齣裬ԷԽ磬ɱǧ˲Ϣˣ
ż򵥵Ľܣƺţ棬ݽ¿ʱˡ
ĪУΪʲôַֻǰصľݺԹʵ
ĪʽƲƲ죬ݳСӣɲҪ֪㣬ܹڰڰǰɹҾˡ
ôѣһĪкܿ˵ѣֻиѵĿԡ
Ϊⷨ·̯𣿡ĪҲѧݷ˸ۡ
ڵתһȦһĪУȻôãǲǵؼƷף
ݵ֪ЩȽ׵ĸߵ֣֮ӵ͵ߣ죬ÿһַˡ
ؼƷףѾţĴʣ˵ľҲֻг˵Ƕôš
ݺʧǣĪгϵû˵󻰣ǾڲƷ֮£תƻĵô𣡡
齣ңһһҪúңķǸ齣ǹңǸȱһɣٶڣҪĪе
˵Ҳ֪ݵϸϸŷ
齣裬ǰؾ磺綯潣Ķ
ݿƶǶܶɬµݸеʧڸʱݲŶЩ
ڣݻȻվ𣬴Աóһ췢ıɫ£΢΢ۣȻ䣬ὣִ
ڵ·ܵٻӿȵӿݵ˫ۼ䣬ʱһⱬҫݻȻۣ£֮ѣ
ಡ
ıųһ⣬ֶڿҡҡλΣ˾һ㣬ǰһɲҡ׹ѵ
ôıһУĪУҺʧ
ĪУ
һΣĪûдݣڣĪвٵˣ˿ＤĲˣǣζĶˣ
ѾһξͰѱķ齣ʩչˣеƫϣƲϾȴܹȣڽƵĶ£ʹǿԲŻôǿ
Ƶݿɲ֪ĪΪԼ̾ʧܵǹɾǿȴȫѾѾģһͲаˣݵȻ򵥵ΪǹУϾٺãҲҪʩչвС
ƨߵļ𱦽ٴ𷨾ϰ
֮ѣ
ѵ
֮ѣ
ѵ

ڣһδεĳԣڣڴҡҡλΡСһɣɡɣ󣬲ǰľ볤ٶҲ
һʱ
֮ѣ
ȣı·ӵҫ۵⣬·֮ಡֶȻϸ΢ƿȻѵһ
ȻβǵڵϣǴǽϣʯɵǽһССһ㡣
һݺ⡣
нˡݺٺֱЦӦһڣʱﱧԹⷨҲ̫Ҫˣգ۾ĵˡ
ûˣʹңľȻظٴסңҲҪݵĪкģķԸ
֪ˡĪзԸԺԼʩչ˧ģݰͲÿԶ̴ľ
һ죬ָϣٴ齣裬ϣңľ
ոһգȥȥŸº
ڣڵػӰͬҶƮڵϻߣһţǽϡ
ˢ
ͻȻ䣬еĻӰһգֻʣһ˷ԾڰУѳɣ˫ָһָ֮ѣȣ
ಣ
ɫ׵绮ȫҫâı˺ѿХ֮ǽϡ
ʱǽϳһȭͷĿӣҲ͵Ļζһ¡
Ҫ֪ڸŵרķ䣬ǽڵʯӳ֣ûڵΪ޷ƣݿԴһӣҾҸŻζԿղһĹƣң
ٺٺ٣ĪУղһɡƵ˵
ǿԺĿ⡣Īкǣǲһ£Ϊơ
ĹôǿѾţ˺òáĵ
졣Īĸֱ֣Ӵݡ
Уһʶô˵ǹѪȴּȻ˵죬ҾŬһܾˣ
Ÿ£ңľ齣衢ңľ£ʹ÷齣ңǴﵽһؾСɡ
Īб治˵ԻǷǳġ
ݣʵԵʱ䵽ˣǿȥɡХԺ󺰵ԲͯһʱѵǰҪʵԡ
һˣ졣̾ʱݺХæ
ʱϣѾǸƽ̨ϣԽȼѾվ档
˵ĵʵԣǲһɹҪԴ
˵⣬⿴˿ݣտʼܱ꣬ȴǶеʲڸղţԽر˵ŵŵʱᵽݣտʼܿصĵӣ˵ֻ糿һνûˡ
뵽⣬΢΢ҡҡͷﰵϧһ;⿿츳ǲеģҪǣҪһų֮Ժġ
⻰û˵ֻǵ˵ϣһҾϲڣǱֵʱˣʽʼ


011 Ŵ
һʼݲ֪βԣ˵Ժܼ򵥣ǲʯǰַ漴ɡ
ָƽ̨֮ϣ֪ʱһ˸߾ʯϣʯ⻬£·͸
Խ˶첻ݲ˽⣬˵Ƿǳ磬һ˷Ը
Ǵεݲȵ϶꣬Ľ˶ƿ󣬹ǽҲϰ֮ˣһ϶һ˿Ⱥͳ
ǣʦ塣ڴǵǵǰķϲʯ棬ʱʯһҫ۵İ׹⣬âãڲʯʯϻó֣㣡
һʱԽһֱá֡
ͷǿʯҲתһɵ¡
༸˿ʱˣη
˸һһȥ
һ㡣
㡣
һ㡣
һ㡣

ˣһͶ׶ΣʱХҲ˳ȥ˵˷ܵĴ֣ȥһֳŲʯȥ
ˢ
㣡
ʯĸ쳣ҫۣʱʦüëһɫֶһݾȺ;ϲ
˸ݣ˶ʱһţ㣬һţ
ݶХһЦСӣ
ϻХٺֱЦȥɣˡ
ġݵͷȴںĪ˼ŵҪҪˮ
ĪУ㿴Ƕ㣬һ㣬᲻᲻áݵ
Ȼãľ֣ش֮з֪֪ʱ˵Ҫ͵͵Īĵ
Ҳ֪ܲܿԼҿɲ֪ʯ᲻ʼ磬ǰȥ
ڣһнпܡĪп˦ͷźǣݿ
ʱݵѾ˲ʯ档
ˢ
εʮֹ죬ʯĹâһŵĴۣһ£ƽȣȻĸ֡
㡣
ҿĪлһ֡ݿĸ֣ɴ۾
ХֵܡХҲЦĴָ
Ҵ㣡
ģò˻ˣХ͸⣬糿ʦ彲Ҳ㣬𣿣
˶ʱﲻƽ⡣
ԭӡϣĽˣҲһݾ㵣ԽŵĲ˲Լ۾ٿʯŸȷʵ
ѧɲĵţĵ׾Ǹֳ뷨
˿ǳãҲѵõŵջãǳãǹȻҾϲǷǳľϲ
ǰĿ꣬ҲֻΪ˼˶ѣǱʶΪ˿Դﵽοˣû뵽βţ
Ŵ˰Ž˰档
Ļʱ˵Ҳ
ʵԣһǲǵʵǿ׼ǵǱǱԽõԴԽ࣡
ݡХˣÿ¿ԵõöƷʯΣ
ÿöƷʯͻѡϵзϵз
Ǳͬ
ݵȻϲѣȻвҲ֪֮
Ȼ֪˵뷨ĵ磬ʵʹǳȵģȥĽˣֻҪʵҲӵС
ܼ򵥵ĻʵΪ
Īٴβˣãڱһ仰ĸףȻоʯãݣ˭װ͵ģߵ㲻ں˰ɣСӣ
ò˵зɡ
ʯǿǰ׻ľʯ˾ʯٶȿһеǰᣬҪ㹻ľʯĪԹ㱧ԹãҰοһ㣺ôöƷʯǿǿȰɡ
һͬʱҲЩ棬ʯôã
ھʯ֪Щģ̺һ壬֪ʯôҲֱվʯ̺ɡ
һٶȻˣǱϾԼᵼ¸ȣһд󱳾ˣţ޸վʯ
ĪУʯôҪڣеʵ
ȻҪԺ֪ˡĪƣûдݡ
ʱ򣬽ͻȻɤӣϣһҪ
ԣɫʱһ۾
ǱʮһȵŴȣΪھȻŵӵʵųһ¾еǰ޹
Ŵȣ޹ȣϡͿ¶
ŴȣǱŵӵһһλᡣԻ鲻Ŵʮһȣʱŵ̨ԣǧɸѡ츳ʵʮŵӣýŵʸ񣡡
ǰ˲Žһ꣬ʵʦ̫ŴȻûǵ£Ҳȥ̨һͱˢģҪӵģ޹ȡ
޹ƿصһȣޣṩŵΣҲлǿᣬǽ޹ڣҪСΪϣܵǧ֮ܵ
лϡ˾
ţǻȥ׼ɣ峿⼯ϡˣԼҲ漴ȥ
ԺݷŹڡޡļ䡣
ޣһӵҰޣǿһ¾ǿ֮Ұеߡ
ӵǿǣ˵ͬȼ޺ҰҪǿһЩײп񱩣޹һУܶΣա
ĪȴԴΪڴĻ˵һ;ֻоĥѣսŻߵøԶʵǿ
룬Ҳе뵽ǰΣص޹ȣݲҵ׼ʱҲҪ
ʱúͯӵµöƷʯײͷ׽
ĪжмһˣΨöʯ˫۷Ź⡣
ݳСӣʱѽʱ꣬öʯ뾲һĸоĪе˷ܵĵ
ݰöʯһĸоģʯΣɫ͸ľʯݿԸܵʯ̺Ũ
ߵ;һںʺԣǿ̿һǳҪǾԴ
ܺõͷḻԴ±룬ʯǡǡҪԴ֮һ
ĪеĻ˼ĵͷ
ң̯֣չöʯĪУҸô
ĪԾԾԣǰ巢ҫ۵⣬һӰƾճڰУĪС


012 ۷
ݣˣǾ۷ĲַĪпסһץƵöʯܵεǣĪе
Īаöʯһף˫ִӰһµķڷٵнɣĪеһӣžҵλ£ʱöʯһӰֱŵܡ
·֮ʣĪвָһ㣬⼸ͬʱͬʱöʯ

Ȼ䣬öʯǿҵĹââ໥֯һγһޱµķ󣬰С
ȥĪæ
ݿĿɿڴǿ԰ĪиղŵĶӡٽţ
ȥ֪һţݶʱеһˬ
Χ·ĪһһᣬΧŨ
ЩףΪʲôĪл˵Լһо
ڲǶʱݳģ񣬿ʼңľ·ߣʼ
ת۷ڵԽԽŨ󣬾Ȼۿɼӵ룬ƴݵ壬ݵĪ
𺳣ȻԤٶȻӿ죬Ҳ벻һ۷Ȼľϲ֮£æӴ񣬰ת
£գ
Ȼ˫ɫֱһ⣬˿̣ڵӿŵľϲ
һϣڵȻǿô࣬һԱȵǰ̫̫̼ˣ
ƺܵݵϲĪеС֣۷ԴģٶȻģǸƷʯٶȿֱʮ౶
ʯʯݾ׽֣ҲԽ֪ʯҪˡ
ϻ˵պöʯҪ֪öƷʯ̺άְµľ۷СĪ۵ĵ
̾ǻƽǵ꣬˵ƷʯƷʯҲںڣöƷʯָ֣ӡ
ԣæĪеķպöʯСĲڻųȥϴһ
æµ֮ɫХһϡ
ϣ˼ˣǾǴɫ۵ŵӣݺХҵŵĲվһԵȴ˽
ֹ˰ʱǧŵȫ룬ǸԾ۳һС壬໥Խ
޹Ȱ˵ɱһֻޣõ޵ڵʱҾͷһˣ
ҲҪãʵ޳Եˡ
ʵѽΣյĻԼˣ޹ȣ֪˭ɱ˭ʱжԹˣͻụˡ
ѽҪУҲиӦ

ڶʦֵĽ̸ݵȰ־ϲԴ޹ȣҲϾǧʦУһСʦܣʵ׵ġ
ʱѾɷǧŵӡ
ಣ
գվڸ̨ϣ滹ڶʦǡ
һˣ΢΢ͷ޹ȣ
޹λϲһɽȣɽдֹ֣Ҵ
ǧ˺ƺƵŽɽ⣺ǵ񣬾޹£
˵һӣһʱ޹ȵԶһͨ
ȥɡ
ȵǧŵȫ޹Ⱥ󷨵Ĵ򿪵ͨ£
ϣ᲻̫ˣԽһ˿̡
ڵλÿ£ʵҲԽԽͣƶʱˣսûоԺεֵħεֵЩ˻
ڼҪӢǴķһԽĬŽȥ
޹ȣⰻȻľ𣬻ͷףʵ裬Ļÿ˵ıǿף˾Ϊ֮һ
޹ȣԴ㡣
뵽û˻ΪԻǧŵϬĸԷֿһСȺȥ
ݲͬУֻХһ𣬶ŵʦܣʱһţһ
ݣ˵ʲôӵģХֵģûк£ʮ˷ܵʵ
Ҳûмʼ磬ֱ̯ʾԼҲ֪ѡһСߣʱ˾ǰѴı˳Էһ
£ٺ٣ҺþûɽˣǰڼʦǴܵӣֵûХ촽
ǺðɣޣҿúչչǡݺٺһЦ
Х˱ָ
СӣϷһﴦһֻޣʵ㡣ͷĪеĻ


013 
ȮȮǷǣȴͨǴıͷǣһֻڵ棬ͷ­죬ѪйɵźϣҲ
µ죬һİɫӿг룬Ŀڱǻ塣
ݺХĿɿڴХŵ˵⣬⡭ֻ
ţҰҲ֪̫ˡݿǰδľﲻ̾Ī˵Ҳһѡ
֮治У飬ථҰΪβؾǿأ
Īе˵ⲻ͵ȵޣҪ֪УҲпĴڣкȼǿǻۣεءƺĳǿ
һסˣòŻһѽ顣
ʱȴСķЩ죬ʱֻ޴һţеڣվ˶ͷĿܣͣݺХľ޴ľϡ
군ˣ޵ʶ쳣ֻǷˡĪֻĵ
𡭡𡭡ƺҪӡ֤ĪеĻţƽХ˵֮ء
ǵĺԽԽʹݺХ˱ĺëը
ҲҿʮɽɱҰޣȻ£ȴû˷ִ磬Хʹʹɫһۣͷ
ԽԽӽľʱ
ˢ
ݺХͬʱӰӹľǡ
ءһŭǺǲһܣȻ˵Ĺȫ
̫ʧˣֲ죬ҳʱ̫󣬶ˡĪкɸֵĵ
գҲЩգ͵Ϯ㣬ȻʧܣĪеĻǺնʱơ
ܵ졣ХҲۣðŭĶǵ
Ƿŭѣ޳ܵ͵Ϯ߻˵ŭһųѪӾͳ˹ȥҪ޳֮˺Ƭ
Сģ
ݸеƷһһɫӰϮ
ң
Σʱ̣ݽ̤첽һ磬ڵһһĻȣǡöǵһһ˺
ҺҺáһϣ
ϬİγˣΨս
ݳСӣʵսʵ̫ˣҪʵսֻǣѵĿʼĪ˵ʱХѾͶǶһ

ٶȼ죬ټʹХס˿ͷҲҿѧˣʵսҲԻжǼΡ
ƵǣХıڶǵϣͬʯ֮ϣֻǳǳѪۡ
ǲ࣬ǿᣬͬȼ֮£ߺѻޣ

޷쭣һţʱһɫХ
ޣڣȻ֪ХƿڴײǱĶܿǣһ˿衣
ʾˣԶֲ̫ˣ
Хľѡ
ݣϣͷĪе𣺡ңܣ齣
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Ҫ죬ҪݣһУɱҪ֪Сӣҽ㿳Ϊʲôβͣ
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ХȴһԿþˣСӣʲôʱôˣ
ֻǱˣתȴݵ½ǣ³ĭˣҲֻǡ䡱ڵϣ˰ΧŰһͿ֮⣬ȴû˺ݰ֣ÿӳһȴܻڸ˶ϣֱ̫̫̫ţˣ
ˣң룬ҪŴˣĪҲЩѪˣ·Ҳս齣裬ɱ
ƮȻʮɾ룬󷨾˱ࡣ
⻪תѳɣ
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ͻȻɴĲ͡һѪѪСϪ£Ⱦ˻ɫƤëȾ˵档
أͫɢͨһڵ棬Ļҳ
ҲһһУջرѾ˴롣
ĪУôһ㡣
̫ʧˣ㣬ҪҪԽսʰһֻСޣҲôõʱ䣬ʧĪһҺʧ
ԭЩҲɢ
ʵϣĪǺģޱѲͬȼս޽ֱּǸѣȻ㣬ɵһսܹôʱޣĪǷǳġ
ЩĪв˵
Хȴˣǰסݵ֣ݣҵż񣡡
ִ˴ХţСӣǲǷˣ
ٺ٣ò˵ղŵֱս壬תͶءХֿ죬
ԴƲƲ죬ղŻĳ˴š
ݣҿĲͽǷײͷ׽ҲϵеģХһɻʵ
ȷǡ֪̯ʼ
ţХɴ۾ݡ
Լģܸоϵкϵвʺҡͷ˵һĻԣܸܲ߱ԼһŹ̸ֵԼİɡ
ԴХתһֵݣãһëëĸоХŷĺС
ءݣ̫ǿˣˣ
ݣ
Хһ㣬ΪʲôͬǿĶǣȴݽ£ͬ㣬գ۶


014 
߰ɡݿ˿ǵʬ壬ֲûпȡ֮ĪеĻ˵ͼޣһǮֵ
ҲռЩʲôֱХҪˡ
ȵȡת֮ʣĪеЩϲ
ݳСӣҷʮңݣûУȥռˣã
΢΢ȣĪ˵򣬹Ȼһù£һСǣĪеĻݺٻɣɷ˵Хȥ
Ө͸֧Ҷչɼϸȥһ˿˿̹תˣȻǷ
ݣݴʱͬʱԺ䣬û뵽汻ҵˣĪԼϢȷݵļ¼
ûǹݡĪȷݵ˵
ǵͼݣΪݵԭΪҩݣҩĪл˵Źݵá
ҩݣҩݲǺס
Ҫҩ֮һ
֪ʶѷȱʱ¶ĪЩΣǵͼҩþ߰ٷ֮ʮɹʣ۷ĵҩ
ԭˡݻȻ
ļʣڡţһĶں󣬾ͿԽʦһˣ
˵ҪԺͻﵽڿһ㡢ʴһĻðɼ飬Īк˵
ݣ㶢ݷݺĪԻХȴݵ㶣ɻʵ
ݾѣûʲôˣҪݲɼ
һʲôôХƲƲ죬ֵĵ
ûйγСڹݵĸΧ׾һѹ˳
ţݣԶһ˴Ҵææĸ·ΪһǡߣۼһۿĹݡ
߲۷壬̤˲㣬ʱŲҲͲԶˣʱƱҪһöﵽڱصã
˼⣬Ѿ֣һ˳߸ȥǡÿڵҩҩݵϢݣıرҩģõݣʱ򻨷һЩʯϰٺ١
ݣˡĪ˵һߵķû˿ΣݺХǲˡ
ʦ֣λʦ֣΢䣬ȴХ˸
˾ɫۣΪ׵Ӣ̨꣬дġŵڶϿ
ϿʶԼ¶Щ⣬˼Ȼ֪Լ϶ԼӣϾԼ߲ʵ֪ġ
λʦܣǣϿֱʵ΢΢ɻ󣬳ʦʲôʱһ洦ɼҩô
ҲġЦ
ŶϿϲʦܣʵһҩݶøУ֪ʦܲܰҩңʦܷģʦҲöһöƷʯΣ

Ͽ˺ХǻȻôһݣϿȻϻһöƷʯ˾̾ͬʱҲݵĺ˸еĽΪʲôԼһͨҩݡ
ϿҲ¶΢Цݣûʦܣ²ʶݣɵӡ
Ц˲֪ô᲻ʶ˵һöƷʯ뻻ݣҲʶ˵ԼҪݣöƷʯҲỻġ
ʦΪˣҸտҩʱҲٸУһ˰ĸоʾʯٶ࣬ôЦɣĵҳƤҳƤʱ㻹̥
ݵĻ˸е㵣Ͽԭϸֱӽסתȥﰵ룺ѵСҲʶݣ֪ĹЧܰûȥûпЩô֪ġ
öʯΣϿ˵⻰ʱѾһЩҧгݣöƷʯ˵һʲСĲƸ
ˣ˳Ͽһ˿ŭĬ룬ϣʶ㣬ҪȻʦֵƢǺܱġ
ﶼһ˿ɻ󣬵ҩʲôóϿöƷʯ
ллʦֵĺˡЦ˵
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٣СӣѾ˾֪ĺƢĥˣҪ֪޹ȣ˾ˣû˻֪ЩʲôģôϿҲαװˣֱв
Ҳ˵һɱԽĺõط
˵ˡϿЦˡ
Цݼݣֻ˲䣬ϿɫСӣʶݸң
׼·ݺХһۣʾ⣬ŵĲ񣬶һ߲۷ĸƽʦ֣ûô
ȥΰɡЦ³֣μͬʱˣȥ
ɱ쵰Ͽӵʦܣ˵
ಣ
Ͽĸ׼һ˸˷ݣ
׽һǣŷ֮ƿն
֮ѣ
ݵȻվŰѾõĽ˲䷢
䣡
ײǿʱըԽΪѸٳɢŰ
׽ŵӺݾǱˣŵľѣʲôŵʦܾȻֵסԼĹܣ
Ųܵʱٻرŷ֮סХӡ
鲢ԸӳϿѸٸ
ٴηɳϿ󺰣Ҫƻҩݣ
ˢˢˢ
ݺХתǱιϿȴһӣ׷ǰ棡
һʱ䣬ǰǺлֻñγɷơ
ݣҪӢˡĪл٩ݡ
ҲûкôֱۣĪֺޡ
ٺ١ĪкٺֱЦõģӢˣ
ĪеĻձϣһᶬıӱϴʦ֣ǿȡᣬ˺ͬţ³֪𣿣


015 ŮӢ
ʦ㣡
ʦ㣡
ʦã
˾ݺХǰһһӰԾ˳ǸŮǵĽսţ꺮ɽ
ţôϿ۽һĳ֣ʹЩǣӡ֤ղ룬ϿӾò
˵ʵȻܻɱֻǣڰͷϿȻȻ뵽ֻǰɱģҲˣһģ
ôͰˣ
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Ͽӣϲ侲쳣ģóϿԾ΢΢һ
øձһΣЩӰˣҲ΢΢˺ʦĴν֪ϿҪ֡
ԭǰʦðϿǣǿһЦ
Ȼ֪Ͽĵ뷨ԳϿΪȴǼΪݣ˿Ͽĵʦֵ𣬸ҶͬŶֵˣҿɲʦ֣
㡭Ͽҭ
ôɵѲߣѵݣϿѿɫĳϿһ졣
ݺͳϿȴɫ΢䣬ȻҲʶݡ
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˹֣Ͽ֣˦ȥ
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ǵȥݺХһ
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ͷ䣬ȴûǰͱˣһ۶ǵʬ壬ͣĹϡ
ʱݵĽ˽ǰǲǣǸŵڶĳϿſȥˣԼŵĲ񣬿ɵֵס
ģҿɲ޳֮ˡƺݵ˼
ⷬЩգûɵģȻ˵ǰʦϲ͸ʦҲν
˵գԼסֱԴԼΪʲôԵ޹˵ⷬ嶯ħ
ȴ˪Ҳ΢΢һ㶣תݸлʦܺˣʦԼɡ
һݸʱݺХˡ
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
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ݣǸСʿһҪСģҸᣬΪǿͷĪ˵
˭Ǹʦ֣ݵ
ûдȥʱ񣬴Եɱ⣬ǹ׶㣬ѷټʵҪСøɵԳ󻼣Īĳ
Ҳ֪㣬߲۷壡Щ飬ɱˣǻ׽磬԰ŵľս
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ĪУĻֻоĪԽأ·һ
ǺܾͨԶһ㡣Īټû˵󻰣һЩ˼ǰʱ仨ϣ󷨡Զһ㡣
ֻԶݶʱЩʧĪУܲ˵ǼܼѺҪĻ
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˵̫磬սǱ֮ԽǱܣΪǱڣҪһھ򣬾ڣͿƲסҲ֮ʣżֻ֣ǲżʲôõġĪжʱ
椣׶ΣҲǸոʶһƯ椣ҪõĥӲݣ¾򡣡
ݣ
ҲֵøˣսǱھ򵽼£Ǿ츳ͨĴڡĪкٺֱЦ
ҲǣûѵͣҪôǿҪٱŬ˭Ҳһ졣
ˡݣղַһϢʱĪ٬˹
ʲôϢݷ˸ۣѾǽĵϢˡ
⣬ǸɶСʿһȺյĸ·˵ǲӦùȥкءĪ¶һ˿Ц
ţϿͷһת뵽ϿԼɱ⡣
ȷˣҪԼĵκأ
ݵ˵Ҿλá
ϷһŹﴦĪ׼ȷ˵λãֲһ䣺ŵ㣬ѾͻƵ˲ˡ
Хߣ͵ˡСϪͷХȥ
˭ХԴʮַѽ⡣
Ȼ֪ˡ



018 һ
ˢˢ
ɫӰͬӰçç
ȻɫӰͣһԺϱĲ󣬰⣬ĸͬ۵ڸ·
ģֻҪͿԳȥˡϿֵϡֻıʯԳƴȫ汻ʰˡ
ԣСȥ
ɫ۾ãҶѪϿǰ棬󣬸ˡ
һˡųϿĻټǰǻͨУʱ²
ϧɫ
ߣȺֻǿ߲棬ЩϲİҪַɸǣ̭ߣǿ𣡡ϿߣϧǶݣٵһ꣬Դﵽ۷壬ʱһɳ죬˭סңĻ쵰ҪǸӰװᣬҪлѵǣ
ȻԶߵʶޱȣһȫݺХ
ĵĻ쵰ХѹҪѵңүү꣬һҪúһٲŽ
õȼˡ¶һ˿Цݡ
ţХǺףȴᶯСȥ
˶ڣƫ档롣
͵Ϯ˵ôĪͷĲѡ
Ϊô˵ǡ͵ϮôɵĹءݱϵ뷨ȴ׼˳Ͽ·ߣƵǰ棬Ż
Х󷨾͸Ҫѵǵһ¶ĻЦ齣ķѾ
ٺ٣ϲ⹴ˡХٺһЦ˷׽
õ㣬Ҫ¶âݾ߾ͲˡݰѱعľУԹڣҺþѹڽڣûб¶
ɳɳɳ
Ͽ˵ĽŲ
˵ģϿ㲻ҪҳֵĻᣬû뵽һ죬㻹ﰵ롣
ﶼЩţ͸֦ļС϶Ͽ˵Ӱ˵ߡ
1
ͬʱĬ
2
ǡХĲһ£С֦ʱһ˿ϸ΢
䱸Ͽ˲㣬ټ޹ʱ̱־裬һ˿Ȼ΢СǱ׽
գ̫ˡХղѣϾԹѾӲͷƤѾõĹ
֮ѣ
ಣ
ƿľ죬貵ɱĿȻָϿ
ХҲӦ֣磡
ײ
Ͽݵǵ⣬ϴ󺧣ܵâƥ̺ǿܣǱУϿ
ˢˢˢ
һʱ䣬Ͽ̵ʹˣײе˼¡
䣡
ۣݵĹ̫죬ǳϿȾӦдɱɻгϿأ

壬һעѪȪӿϿӢһӲҰҲһѪ
ͷһ˫۵ɵϴ·һ룬ܣܣ
䣡
Хʵ͵Ϯ֮£ȻҲһˣɳϿһȻûһ˻ж־
ˢˢˢˢ
ĸɥ֮ȮϿסӿѪѪ˿ڣǱӶݡ
ţϿô͵ϮһξˣûһǹջرХ˿ӴܵĸӰɫ¶һ˿ŹֺΡ
˱ХԲѵĵ
һ̾ϧˣȻûһɱҲǣǲˡ
룬紵սޣŲХʮŵĵ
ҲǺٺһЦû˭˭
ݡĪеĻմɫͿĪУ㲻Ҫ˵еĸϢ
ٺ٣СôôĪааЦ˳Ѻõ㣬ղǵΪһȫĿˡ
ţһͬҪǴ˳ȥһ
˭˭
˱Ĵ
Ȼݿ治ԶһŮ˪ѩӡ
ԭˡʱЩȻ˵Ͽղܵñȹ죬ԭǿҲڣǺ
ʦ㡣ǰﲻҴ⣬ﺰȴ˼⣬֪᲻ҷϴγϿͱĸˣ֪һԼ᲻Ҳһѡ
û뵽ʵôǿѾȲҪսˣһĨԭޱȵҲһ˿ȣǳս⡣
ͷ亹乣ɽŮȻǸս
ʦˡݺǫĵ԰ֲֻԼղ͵Ϯǻ£ǺģԭǰˣҲֱĻԣղΪΪֱģ˵ðɣҲֱĺˡ
Ⱥһǰȥֽ̡˵գȥݺХס
𡭡ɲ뱻һ䵽Զ˵սš
ݣһˣãѲӰХŷӦݼüŪۣĵϣȺ㲻Ҫɱ
ݶԴӣתԹĪУĪУǹûиҵĶԲԡ
СݲҪǱΪԵʣҪ֪ҲϴСˡ
ȥɣֱңõļƤ񣬲ָ㻹Сأġ
ⷬǰݺХҲûҪǵĴ㣬ĪеĻ£ֶȹһҹ
峿ӭµһ죬
ˢˢ
޹Χ
ͯպ׷һģ˫ֿʼӡһɫĹɢӡص޹ȷӡ

޹ȵĽƳһͨ
ˢ߶ʱ棬ƹ⻪תԶպϡ
˷ֱ۾΢գˢˢˢ
ǿʱɢȥɨ޹ȡ
˼ͬʱۣһֺӵ쳹޹ȡ
ѵڵǰϣ
ڵǰϡϣ
ƵأÿŵӾ̧ͷ졣
ϣȫɻԹ⣬ʹʮҲɼ
Үˣ
ӻˣˣ
ˣԳˣ
ڴƬƬļźУŵӿʼĹԴȥ


019 ¶
μϣ
ŵӿϿЦеͷ
ϡݺХϿǸɹԵߣͷҰףԲһ˫ϸС۾ʱ𣬿޺쳣㡣
ڴڼ䣬װɨһΧȴδֳϿͰӰӦȥ
Ͽ֪˺õôˡ
ааһ䣬ڰҲֻΪХͳϿҲͺһ㣬ԸղȻȻ뵽ˡ
ţߣ
ҩʶųû䵥֮ǿɫһӣȺƵȻסŵӣ˫ֵ΢΢һʱ˶˿ա
ˢ
ҩУűļŵӣշӣ޹ȳڶȥ
ҲԴżŵӣ⡣
Ƭ̡
ˢ
λϽӡ򿪽ƣ켴޹ȣеŵӾһ뿪ǸĹطˡ
ͳŵӺλϲûжĿУȥ
ŽнԶ⣬ޱڣֻҪڣҲˣ
˸뷨صԵԺ䡣
ųϸ
ϣȥһǧٶӣʱֻʣ°˰ٶˡҩûЦתЩصĵ
ʼﵽһ룬ŵѾһǧûС
ѽҪѪҺˡ
ڳҲ飬ΨλϵĽû֪Щʲô
Ҫɳܲĥѣճĵǣĸ˸˵Լʵûд󾫽иͻлرԺÿ;޹ҪǾӢǾǿʳ򣡡
ڣУһ棬ӣڣһջԻ͵ʱˣ

߲ĶԻŵӿ϶ǲ֪ģЩŸ̤;꣬ΪԼ򵥶ֵܶš
У˷
˫ƮԺ˸֡
ݣȻȥˣҪŬУȡºŴУôҡХЦǺǵĵ
ʵʵټͬµʵսѵʵӦÿŵкڡ
šЩ겻ĵͷ㱵ĽԼԺ䣬Ժֻʣ£˷С
ĪУȱһҩʲô¶˾ģһһ˫ڵӱޱȣɷһĪŲԾ¶
¶ȶҩʱֽڻĪжԳ־ݺ⣬شû˿ˮ¶ȻĶڼ֮أҪڵõǲܣҲ֪Եõ
¶ʧϷݣ֮ء
ûҲԳڣҲֻǸЧһҪĪеĻһˮͷѹ
ģԽԽˡЩգҲԣĪгѬ£ѾڱصãǱʶΪҪﵽھͱҪ
ǰ޿κζǻˣҪһصţֻԸΨǿ

ȷһ㣬Ϊһ˼ϣϣڵҪǿԼﵽŲ㣡
¶ġ
Ī˫ִǰĵ˵ͷܺãӿɽҲ
ûҪ¶пյĻҲҪȥңʱǿõġĪе
鹵ͨʱˡ
ݴԺţֻһͯһж˹
ʦµľʯµľʯܹʮöƷʯա
ʯ
ݾһ޹ÿµľʯûлõû뵽ڻ֮󣬾ȻôͲˡ
һʱ䣬ݾ;ʯͯǶôĿɰһڵĳ嶯
ˡס嶯˵л˷ܵĽУһȻʮöƷʯİڷС
٣ݣŴ֮ǰﵽŲ㣬ҲˡĪҲʮ˷ܡ
ʯԴԴԽ࣬ȾԽ죬ʮöʯټµʮöʯöʯ֧Ű£һʮöʯټԭöʯһ֧Ž¾۷С
ءҪչأأȵͯȥҲѹֲסĵ˷ܣֱ
һÿÿҹƽٶһĸоݾѪˣĪ˵ҲĿڣٴﵽ۷壡
ʱеڣֻһ֮ң
ǸаѪǸڰݺԱСٽ빩Լ
﷽һգǧ꣬£תѹ
һ޴ĵɫ룬Уʱɫ뵱УǾ۷ȽϷݸԵ

Ȼ䣬·˹ؼʱ̡
˸ߴĹͻȻһˮһƵȫӿɫڵǸӰڡ
ˢ
ͻȻŷҫ۵⣬âٴڣ˫ɫâ

촽΢ţһڳڿлһɫˣԭޱӿŨŨϲá
ϲ̫ˣһжĪеϡ
̶£Ȼ߲۷壬һԾﵽŲ㣬ݱûбݾϲε
Ų۷壬Ŵ֮ǰһҪž۷ǿһٴﵽŲ۷壬Բ˫۷Ź⣬룬۷󣬲ʹԼٶһ۷ۻҲǷԼңľͱʵ
޵ңľ顢Ʈݣǵɫһ
Ҳѹ֣۷ΪĪ󷨣϶ǷԼľġ
գ
һۣµöƷʯವʧԭأĴռ䣬ҲţһźʵĿ
ԺµĹΨһһž޴ķʱǻķҶһҶҶͬһ伤ȼյĻ棬ݵģѪ
أ
Ҷʱһ޴ײȻ
ݵԺӣŶ롣
ݶʱŭĿףߺһǻŭ˲䱻
µĴŴһıվǣ¾ͬ˫ֱݣݴĵðһ˿⡣
Ҫ׷֮µ˼ˡ
ʦ㣬֪ǰкιɣһﻹǫȣĬϣ˪̲ҪҵĲҪȻԼ͵ùˡ
ޱ飬ȴͷһҪս㣡


020 ̤Ьٴ
ôҵġݿЦΪ޹ֻ˵˵ѣû뵽ھȻִš
ڿûʲô˼սŴֻʣһ£ԼҪúȡﵽŲ۷壬Բ
ʦΪտʦҲŶ࣬δʦ֣ԣսҲաίľܾ
Ȼֻһ࣬ۿʵԿϿԽСŴֻʣһ£Ҫս㣬Լʵپһ
øСӣȻԼĥʯԸأֺãʵپһء
ҲĨǣֱӾ³֣ȡ
УһҪȣһ˫ݣСźϣᶨĵ
ݶ԰ûˣӣ˫ѩִźս⡣
Ц֪ھܾ˵ֱӾͶ֡
ʵҲƣճÿұˣЩʦֵǿӣȻ˪ԼҲԼò
ЩʦֵÿοǲŻǳĻȣԵҪʱǻװ󷽺ԥͬ⡣
꿴ǿɶ񣬾ȻԼʣðЩСᡣ
ҪҲԡڰ˼ʱݵ
ʱͷδȥǿӲ̬ȻǲܵģôҲŮݶŮûޣеĻˣҪػսˡ
ţ˵ս֮ģӦҪһͷɣҪҲԣһעô
ʲôע¾һı䡣
ӮˣҼ¶Ҫ¶ΣݹֹһЦ¶Īж˵ϷǲܼģСõó
㲻ͬ⣬ǲԵġʵţֻŵӣ֪֪¶⣬ԣǱһҲʹﵽݵĿģˡ
㡭һͣһַǳֵݣСٲǹž޲ģ¶һ˿ͳɡ
ģﾪɣѵ֪¶˵Ŀõ¶
ãͬ⣡ãСϱòԥãڿڵ
ݵɴ۾Сӣ˵ѣǾ˵м¶
̤ЬٴȫѹﰵϲŲʵϰ˲㣬϶ʮþȡ
ãˬ죡Ц
ô죿ͻȻʡ
㴦áݺٺֱЦ
ȥ̨ģһĳ嶯ƨ
Ҫ͵ҵľұԣݲߵ֪ԼʵŴһء
Χ̫Сˡҡҡͷ
սԣսǲ̫ѡġ
ã
ݵľڡҵǽǾӳֵģԳסڸֵȫһ̮Ҳǳġ
ŵӵľҲ󣬿ɣǿǿã峡أ˻һɵķΧȥΧǰܣɣὣңԷ
ˢ
ȶˣд㣬룬ֵĻͻС㣬Եһʱ䣬ѡ񹥻뿪ԵΧ
ݵȻ֪뷨ѹûдټɣһʮᣬԼɲ̫á
ݻֻ൱˲۷ۺ뱦Уʱŷҫ貵Ĺâ齣裬֮ѣѾ֣
ಣ
ȴֱӵֱ⣬âƥٶȼ죬һĺֱۣӺʩչ粽Ҫİ
󺧣ǽâ̺ͷƤ飬ƥٶȼ죬ҪѾ
ִ֮£罣ɣõǰĽâȥ
ķӦν죬鼱֮£Ȼ뵽ƫϮĽâ
ѵ䣡
Ĵ죬ײıը
ݷĽâڰĲִһ£Ӳƫ˼֣ɰǵ͹⽣ƵǿᣬըķֱӰѰıըɣݵıƫ뼸ֺƲŰϮȥ
䣡
ٿ죬н죡
ݵıĴΪģڰϣǿĳֱӰѰ׷ɳȥҲҿһ˴󲿷ټĿ֣ǽϣֵڵϣȻǱɲûܶˡ
ˣݵĵ
һԾ𣬾¶־ţ飬ֻǽŵ촽ԿʱĲʿɾǿ
һͰˣûдӴ߹ã촽Ŷ˶ҪһΣ
У˾ˣ¶ңݶȻܾ
СĬû˾ˣһбˣ뵽⣬Ǳ΢΢һ죬ȴǿѹȥ̶һƬ䡣
¶ҡ΢΢ЩֵԸķ䣬ɲаԼ
ԲԵȻ㡣
ûдϣ΢΢һ㶣漴룬ҲԣĶӦòϾû˿ԼһĪԴ塣
ǡĻشݵϡ
ȻϾڸҡݷһۣᶨĵ
⡭ǰϾȻ漣ĸһ˿ϼΣȷʵûע۲죬ٴδߴ٣Ըķ䣬ʦɲܷڡ
ⷬʱ˰ǿʤģҧڸڸ
˵գһִֻԼزһȻǱ󣬿ݻǿԿŵ龰
ݶʱ٣ܲˢһºһ㣬۾˸װûп
ô֪м¶Ҳ֪˶ãʱݾʱѰڣĻ
ʵЩɣԼļ¶ؿڣδ˵ݾȻ֪Լм¶һھǼ¶עѵѵ͵
뵽⣬ʱеЩ̣ĴҪʮҪࡣ
˵ġЩ飬˵ʵɵӲٻһ
ߣ㡣Ծ侹Ȼ¶һ˿СŮ̬ʱͷһͷƤ飬ﰧ찡ˡ
һεݸԼһĴָС«
«һɻʵ
ģǼ¶ڰľƽ
ô١һ̾Щʧһ㼫¶ɲʲôó
ٿ֣סʧ䣬ĵǲҪˣܾĪоϲ˳СӣĵȷǼ¶꼫¶


021 
꼫¶
ݾ㵣˼壬¶ڼ֮صĲ꼫¶ǿǾµļ¶ںĺҪ
꼫¶ǿƷҩرҩ
ҩһƷһƷҩ¶һƷҩģټһ꣬ǱƷҩģǿޱı
¾ǸҲȻĶֻɻǣһŵӣӵ꼫¶ġ
ݣֻҪһС꼫¶ľȾϵȣĪͷСҲ󷽣Ҳ֪꼫¶
ԣĬãԭҪ¶ǰȴôһȻпΪ֪顣
ĵãǲã
⼫¶ֻҪһСΡݽӹ«ʱһĴģ궼Ϊ֮һ䣬쳣侲
⵹һöôãѹֱɱˡ
ͷ
ݵĻðһֻҪһСΣһСʲôôǲԼĶҲԼӡ
Ҳһ˿øУݣҲΪһС꼫¶ԼҪ󣬲ſ˵ġ
Ҫ΢΢ͷ˫ԭޱȵ¶һ˿Աĸ飬һ̧ͷһƬ䣬˵һ䣬ת뿪ңһ㣬û
ǺǡǸǿŮҪſڵİЦô«Ҿ㱣ˣҿǻõģҪãҪˡ
΢΢һͣ첽ȥ
ĪУˣһСξͿˡ«ಡʧ
٣ݳСӣֲģ㻹ˡĪаЦְ«׽ϸϸ
ö˵ǸСôǼ֮壬Ҳô죬꼫¶һĺöĪ˵СӣϿﵽԲʱΪ
û⡣ݾӣصҵţ͵ضˢˢˢ¾۷󣬿ʼ˷
ʮ
ĪУҳɹˣŲ۷壬ҳɹˣ
С֣бڣһнпܡĪкĵݵٶȣԽԽ⡣
رһȴһţ̫вˡ
Īﰵ룬ǸȻʹʮ꣬илرݵľ֮ƽ˿ļͶȺǿȣҲ˼
ôĸǣټ˵ԣĪԼĸ벻춼ѡ
ȻˣΪĪĺãǰһâţɫӰڰ֮С
ƮӢޱȣݲһ䣺ĪУǿ㱾ˣǱʶԶΪһޱȵ޳֮ˣ˭õôһˣô˧
ƽֱŸе٣Ȼû˧ϲԣԺο
أ
ĪвûдӰ֮׹
ݳСӣˡĪͷߣԹĿݡ
Ҫԣæתػ⣺Īҵ˼˵Ӣٷ硢Ρһ˲šģ¹ޡһ֦滨ѹġ
ĪУ
ϻ˵ҪӰ챾ľĻҿɲȷƵʱ򣬻᲻һĪһֱΪԼڲ㲻ȴûޣװһвݡ
Ȼݶʱʵʵ
ߣСҶ
Īк⣬һӣݵʱɳݡ»ˮޣ«
ҩҪлſƣΪǳ޷ֻԪӤڲſĳĪл˵
ԪӤڣݻǵһʣ֪ģҲᵤ
ᵤ֮ϣԪӤڣʱȻˡĪеᵤڣҲͨػǿԡ
ĪУ嶼ûУһ꣬Ļ𣿡ͻȻʡ
ǿһ磬Ҳ֮𣡡ĪһĵĵûУô졣
ҪٷϻĪһݣַ

Īе˫ͻȻ趯Ӱ֮˫ּ趯һ֮ϣһ֡
֮𣡡Īе˵ʱѧģ
Ī˫ۻ裬ͣڰеĹݺ»ܵʱϻ֮ϣĻȸԾԾĻ˲ҩܽ⣬ĵҺΡ
Ī˫趯һµӡ˳ȥӡҩҺϣҺųҫ۵Ĺâܺһ
ݺ»⣬ҪںϣҪˮޣĪһƣһߵݡ

ɫӰһӣˮҲɵϷ顭ʱһˮҺܵҺϡ

һ̺ˮ޵Ĵٽ£Һ彥ںϣ֮תһȭͷˮš

һµķӡĪпףȻȵ
ǿ֮ǿưҺ̬״ԲѹȭͷСҺԽԽС󣬽ͬһöС
ʱҺ̬״Ȼ̣ڵļ״

ֲ֮ͬԵںһ𣬻񱩵ķӦʱȶʱҪƺü¶ǿ񱩵ѹȥ
Īһ㣬«γһС꼫¶
ȥ
Īһ㣬Ǽ¶ʱͬӡǼСδȫ͵ĵҩϡ

·һˮ˴ڵĻϡ

һƶϡ

Īбȣ˫趯£һһӡ˳ȥӡڻ֮ϡ
ˡ
Ȼһֱƽ״̬֮ͻȻڵðǵҩ棬濪ʼתȼա
ҩͣ
һȣһһǴһ£öڵ峯λɳ

Ī˫һǿ֮ʱöҩȫУյġ
󣬰е֮ҲĪջڣݳСӣƾƵҩʵ̫鷳̫ˣиҩ°빦
ѿĿɿڴޣ̫ˣ
ĪУ㣬̫ǿˣ֣ղĪʱһЩôˮ˳ޱȣҲ֪Ī֮ţˡ
˵ʱҪҩģĪиղţһѻڿһˣ
νԶ
ݾĪг޾ء
ٺ٣Ҫ𣬱Ǹ˵Īжݵ𾪱⣬ջ񲻴öϵ
Īе˼֣öӸݣȻһص
Ϣһ죬죬Ҫڣ


022 ӡ
ϣöָ״Сĵҩ档ͨڣµķģǡĪдȥӡ
һᣬһŨҩڣ˾Ϊ֮һ
ϵҾȻö
ԶԶݵϣԭΪһöͲˣû뵽Īиһ޴ľϲ
ֵˣֵˡ
ݺٺɵЦ
ҲΪ꼫¶Եʣͨ¶ȻѹеĿ꼫¶ûκʧöĪΪݽ󣬶󷢳һЦٺ٣úóȥлл˼Ұɣ˼Ҿء
ţ
һʲô˼ȣĪкû˵ȥ£ûκ
֮£ӲͷƤ˾ҵš
⣬һӰ͵ض磬¾С粼˪΢գ󻺻˿
峺ȴűû˿顣
Ҫԣûҵ«վּᶨ
Σ꼫¶Լöһҧ룬͵ɡ
Уݵͷ뾲ңβȥ
ʣոմﵽŲ۷ݣһɻܰǵվ֮ٴþǿݣ촽򣺡һΣ
УŰǾǿı飬֪ΪΣﾹȻһ˿ϧʤܲһŴ飬һҧҲͬ⡣




Ҳ֪ظ˶ٱ飬һһεıԣǾǿ䡣
죬ھ죬Ҳˣʵ̫ˣ죬ڱжȹֻеϣѵĻᡣ
ûҷų۷󣬲ҲҺãѾﵽ۷壬ͻƣʵ޷پ°벽Ծ۷ЧҲͿпˣҲǻָһˡ
ݾ̾ǣս츳ʵǿҲס˿ͷһʼһͿԻܣ˼ʱҲѼʤ
粽ԽԽˡòװѰͳ⣬Цŵ
ĽҲܿ죡ĵҲĵط֮һʵ̫ˣǻԼھôʱĲҰܣ϶ҹ

ȴҡҡͷЦŴֻʣˣԼļƻǰӦóԳڣ̴Ҳˡ
սʹʵսٽݣŲʵҲȵĹڣкܴİ
ݵĻشðһϰ˵ԣû뵽ͻȻܾ
컹мƻŴȾҪˣһλţǾʯԴۺǽţʵ϶ĸ죬ҪһЩ׼ˡ
ݻ˵ҲӦŴ֮ǰ׼ףɹ
ĬãתȥʧǰһɲǣһĻƮһģ
ԣݵСӣֱ̫ɰˡ
ʵ״̬ڳ̣ڴ֮ǰӦȥɢģ̫ˣ˳ˡ

ĪУѾ׼ˡϥϣĪ˵
˿̣ڴ
šĪеͷ˵ݣ֮ǰбҪһ¡
ԶʱҲĪһºô࣬һ࣬ô˵¶ԼȷҪ
㻹ǵĹֲȻһûٷˡĪʵ
ǵãʹڻһļ¡ݵﲻ⣬ֲѾȥôˣĪлʲô
˵ûٷȴȬ
˵ҵĹֲڣһһֲûٷݼˡ
ûдǰûи㣬ҲߣҸҲ޷Īл˵ʵǲǹֲһַӡƣ
ƣӡƣһӵʡ
ûдҲһ󷨣˵ĹֲʵǱڴһֽƣĪеֽƣӡ
ڴ½ƣݲԭԼʮʹ࣬ȫǱ˼Լϵġ
ûۿǴϵġĪеͷ
˭
ĬĪвãŵ˭ҪҪǣӡ
ӡӡס˵ĵǵı⣬ǲΪߡ
ڲ𣿡ɻʵ
һ׶Σǰߣ̤̤У˼壬͸ʳΪ֮壬ްʣ
ΪڣҪٵγӡסĵʹ޷룬Ҳ͸Ϊڵͷ˵ǵı⣬ǲ̤ΣУ
ʮʹĥȴΪʩչӡ˲ִ֮£Сİѷӡʩչһ㣬·ӡڱͬʱ˼ĥһ㡣
ԭ˭Լڲ½Ʒӡˣ˭Ȼô񶾵飡
пԵģ㲻ӦúǡĪгĬã
ԴݲתʵȻǷסҵĵΪʲôҪҳڣǸǲܵġ
ûбȻǲܣϱ𻤷ĻϣˡĪеҲԵʣûзӡҿɱ˳˳ͻƣǽͱ
ṩǿʹڿ񱩵ƽҪЧҪ̺ǿǿƴƽƣҪסҪƽƺѣо޴ʹ࣬пܻǰʹǿʮٱܲͻƣͿļˣ
Ҫ˳ͻƣԶֹڣڿ˵Ҫ˳𣿣
ãݻ³һ
ܺã׼𣿣Īʵ
һĿᶨն׼ˡ
񣬽״̬

Īд棬öȻڡ


023 
ľ磬綼ޱȵĿռ
Ųңľ·߿ʼھڱڣŸﴦۡ
λڶ磬ȥܣ
ĪеƾճݵԺ
ݶʱѿһŶµ֮
һɫâס֮أ֮䣬ɫ໥ƣγһµķӡѵС
ӡ
һǰɢɫââ󷨡
ƵݣƵ
ĪйĻ۵ԽСԽ󣬾ͬ⣬âѹɼµĹ㣬ǽһɿֲıը
ݶʱסе񣬰ӿȵѹݸоԽѹǹ֮໥ĳԽԽ󣬵ݵȥ
̫ѹɼ¡ĪеҪѹǾͰѹͷ״תǸķӡ
ԣҲͷһ⵹ʧΪһ⡣
֮£ݱڲϢĺƵһãǰˣʼɼ׶ͣ׶תأһͷ͡
꣡
̴̴̡
ͷת£̶һγɵͷͬһֻѪĿ񻢣âӡȥ
ѡ̴̴̡
ļ׶ӡⲿʱڽϵâʱһҫ۵Ϲ⣬һԲԲɫֳâΧ
ͷȴȻһ𣬾߽Ӵһ˲䣬һ˺ʹȻϮ
Ī˵ĹȻûдҪƿӡҪʮٱľʹ
ʮ궼סˣѵһΣͶɹȥҲţһҧӴȣͷɫȻת
̴̴̡
ֶʱһҡΣһССĿͷļ׶ͣݵҲڷٰġ
̴̴̡
ͷתĳֱײǿɫֵһӴʼһ˿˿ϸСѷ죬ͬ֩һ㳯ɢ
ÿѿһ֣Ҫܵʹ࣬ҲҪһ֣
˻
ݲԾһҧأ԰ޱȣŤһ߸ͻ𣬺ˮͬһ䣬촽һѪ˿
֣֣Ҳһҧ飡棬ݽӽĶԼ
ڣ˴ʱ̴̴̡̣䣡
ͷһɫ֣ݴϲͷȣұ
ͷȻһʱԭͽӽɢɫֻȻѣĪдϲãѾѣӡȡһǳɣ
ʣû˿ԥֱâϡ
̴̴̡
һ֮ղŸӾҵʹ궼˺ݲһϣʱĪмеݣ죡ҰȥǿƵ
ƵʱԽ̣ҪܵʹҲԽ̡
ĪеȥǷܹڼȥ˵
ಣ
һöݵҩڼһӴݵͬһ¶ʱݾΪ֮һ
ϲǣЩ˳ޱȣһӴԼۣҲʲôɣһǿֱײֱӺâϡ
¡¡
Ȼоÿһϸÿһ缡꣬ͬʱȻݵһ˲Ȼһ׻
ɲǣԺʱһƬհףججʹѾľ
ϣɫӰһС
ݣѹѹ
л㱣ݸеһϵĺԼԼȴ֡
ȥ
Īٴζһöݵ
ŨӴһݸоʶ·ˮһࡣ
ڵĪеĻˡ
ٿڣâӡѾʧԼڸղײ֮£ҲʱֻʣһС˿
Īнӽĵϣݡ
Īʱʮ־׼ݸƾնӴһϲʱѾ࣬ǿԼѹĲʣһƵ뵤
ңľʼתﴦһϸСʼ͡
ҪɣƵ˿˳쳣ϸ뵤ڽתϸСС
ɫעԽԽϵ̺ۺľˣȻάɡ
ʱ仺ţԽԽ󣬶ָͷС󣬷·ﵽ˼ޣֻǵɫʼԽԽŨ

·ǵٽ㣬ָͷСɫͻȻųһҫ۵Ĺâһеȫȥ
ڵֻʣһöССת
ڣɹˣ

ݺĪ˾ǺһĪҲһ˿ЦݣݣҪɣڵľڵľ磡
ˢ
ĪһöƷʯɳݵܲ¾۷󣬶ʱŨ·ܵ˾޴Ϊģӿ
ԳԺ︡ңľʼ
űɫס꣬еĪû٬а˼ֺ˵˭Ƶġ
ǸҪĹ켣ȻıȻʹ̤磬;ڱƤȥصǻҵĸޣǷģ
Īһ̾һ⣬ֻʣ¹Уеꡣ


024 ɽ
ڣɫĹ뽥ɢ¶һӰ˿ϥϲǣһ˫΢գͬźĽ

³һչ
ڵâһţƽӣţЦһ仨
һ㣬ҳɹˣվȫǣһžĹ
ȵһǻֻХһ
ȥϴһ°ɣڣڵȫϴɾˣڵʣ˵֮塣Īе
ݲŷԼɢһŻĳζٿԼϣϣϣȫ˺ɫ۹
ۣࡣԼ̲ססӣæá
ϴ˰ʱȫ۹ϴɾվھǰݿڵԼЩš
һϸƤСĪеĹֽͷ
ȥԼֱۣһ޵ĳ嶯⣬⻹
ٺ٣ҪС֣ھϴ跥ǣˢʣģǺﵽԪӤڣԭһȫͷҲñڸᡣĪкٺٵɹ̫ͻָˡ
ΣҲֻˡ
ˣĪУͻƣ˼ʱ䣿ʵ
죡
Ҳ˵ֻʣŴˣ
ô˵
Ŷһʱ䡣ݶŴȵûʲôģԼʵνʵеģŴȡ
뵽Լﵽڣһ˷ܣֱֵĪУҲǴﵽôſУ
ѽĶ
һ뵽Լɽϣ֮ϣ֮䣬ֳ˷ңѣݵѪҺͷˣԼĻ˵Ѿˣ
㻹СģĪƲƲ죬˵
ΪʲôҲǴﵽ𣿣ڻеݲû۾˵˵֮Ϳеİɣ
СĪкɸ֣ôûǸ񣬱пն࿴ԼԺ֪ʶǲûзɽ㻹иƨ
ݣ
лú˵ݶͷߣĪУ֪ҡ
˵зɽУСʵ
ϻѵǰ͵УĪвͷĵ֮ˣҲԼһķɽˡ
ö˶һĪ˵Ѿȥƽϣĵǣɽ
ٺ٣ĪУʲôɽ
ǱǰѷɽǾԵģǷĪл˵ֱ鼶ÿַƷǸСʿķɽ鼶ƷķʲôԽʦֵģǱƷеս
ȥҷɽԣʱ˸ŴϺʦ嶼ͼķɽԼССĵӣҲֻͨķݡ
ҲÿﵽڣһƷķɽģٺףҲԼڵĵһɡ
ϣ˵Ҵﵽڣзɽˡ˫۷Ź⣬аС
ݳСȥɡĪңźĸ㣬ңķķԻɽңľһֻһɽߣҪ֪ɽԽãԽͨҲֻЩɵƲŻû»һɽ
ӿҲ˵Լûҵܺõķɽ⣬ǲҪˣ
ĪкٺһЦ̾
Ƶ֮ʣĪвƿڣﵹһɽ
ԭƤʱ˿һ˫ޱȣٺ٣Ҿ֪ĪĪˡ
ĪĪ˵ɽʲôģ˫۷Ź⣬ʱһĪгƷƷ
þˣôĪзһۡ
֡
ԼáĪ
ô֪ݺ޵ⲻˣԼô
ԶߣǰĪйݵθڣεݰ䶼һ飬ӲûзַɽİӰӡ
ĪУҪɱ㣡ݰҧгݡ
˵˾ǰǱСûУ
ݰͷ룬ǸҳġŤŤİСһ˵УĪУ˵ġʮţķɽôûд淢ֳһ˿ĸо
ҪҪҪĪĵɽ˱꣬ǱòˣҲܸ㡣
ĺţ棿ݻǲĵһ䡣
ݳСٸСң񽣣㼱ĪûаԺը
ǺðɣҾͽš
ң##Īзǰľ˲䱻ңƲѵĪоúʡİԼ궼ˡ
СϵСҲ
ң񽣣䡣ָҪһİСЦֲЦ֪ЦĪлԥԼһ١
ˢ
Īƾճ֣һץСͷɵĪе
ҵӡʶĨ֮ˡɫӰϸһ˿廳Ͳᣬ̾һ˫ӿһֱ֮ӿСϣԼʶӡĨȥ
͸ˣҪúĪһ˦֣ǱСַݵ
ݵͷҸô
Ѫͬʱֳһ˿꣬ڽϡĪжָ
δ
һҧǱָһһѪڰСϣȻСڣСͻȻһҫ۵İ׹⣬ʼҵĲ
ֳ꣬ȥĪæ
ݲҵĪ˵һ˿壬Сڡ
һ壬һ˿ʱеһǿųСӿһǿҵʶݵһ˿һ㱻񱩵ŭû
ˢ
ǿ֮Ҳӿ˽ʱǷʶѹȥݵһ·ֱ˳СĽڡ
ȥһ̣һ֮оӿݵͷͷ·ͨһ㡣
εεΡ
ңûκηȸԾڿеһȦȻͣݵǰĽ
ȷɹˡ
Ҫúüң񽣣ҲһΨһıɽĪеĻͷڣеĸо


025 û
У
ĪУһôԣ
ﵽںʶڵǿʮ౶ǿȣѾ㹻ƷɽˡĪпһֺõЦݣЩЦá
Сӣƽʱôţôʵˡ
ŰڣֳʶӦڽڵʶȻſĪн

˫һڵɫʼɿתӿӿ˫ۻӳң񽣡ҲǱС
ʱС屬ҫ۵⣬𾪵ǣԭֻһָС糤СڹâпٱգѾһ壬ͨĹһ˿˿ڽ֮ת
ܺãӳ֣ȥʶУĪһЦ
һԾң񽣵Ľ֮ϣضʱңһҡΣȻȻ³ݸȥ
֮µæʶӴңҡҡλεϰθ߰ɡ
µĸоʵ̫ˬˣݾӸɨӾңǳĸ̾
Īжͷϵγ亹ûڵأҲܽ
мһԡϹݣĪסҪĳ嶯
٣ġһʶƷɽǰС
ಣأ
ĪǰңȻһ٣ವһֱӳ⣬δüվȵĳˣϵͷڵӡһġ󡱣޴ײ
ݳСӣжǲʳˣͦ͵ġĪֻûйƻ
ʧ󣬿ʧ󡣡ݻͷһơ
ٻң񽣣ȥ
ɰɣɵطɣݸߺ׼ݺڽϣһ
ಣ
ɽȷܿ죬һƮƮɵĸоֻһɫ⻮󡭡ݺݵǽϡ
أ
ǽϣҲһġ֡
˵үġǽһòڵϣٴ³һڻҳ
Ͳаˡ

ݵԺ
һԺķУ֮ϣһӵ꣬˫ִǰһϴů⣬һ߸ܷʱϮ⡣
һɹָ̫ŵݣѡ뿪ңԺϤУ£ݶУһ˿ĵãٶȲǷǳ£ǿվסܹʱתġ
ĪУ㿴ҵƤûԵûһӺһ㡣һңջԼڵϣ첲ӣСȣʵ
СеӰ°ͣһ˼ģǲԣ־ʤɹһأƤǿԻָԭġ
ݣ
ҪԹһĪеʱȴĪмææĵ˵ˣ£ˡ
ಣĪлһ̣棬ֻʣݴŽеһãԴɻѣĪˣʲô¡
ЩԾݶʱ˼ڵʶţΧһɨʱʮֹ죺ޣ𣬲Ҫ
ѾӾҪϡ
أ
ûܼݸŪõԺӴţӦأȻУһӰҳС
ݣҡ˵һ룬Ȼֹǰһ׻ֻʣһõĳ㲻һּԹĿ⿴Լ
ʱˢһ¾ͺˣ˪ĸо˲䵴Ȼ޴档
һյĳæӱ޳ԼӣѸײڶ֮ƿٰһɫ۸ϡ
ʦ㣬Ժźòá˳
ŶЩ޴룬Ǳգһ˿δɢĺΡ
ʦкιɣ԰ɣﰵ룬ŴȣӦòսɡ
ǡƽľŴڼҵıľңҵıġ
ݻȻϴαԣ˴ñ༸ʤ㣬ýġ
걦Щæȥ߳ݵԺӣ¶һ˿ɻ󣬸ղݺơı࣬ԥִ֮£ټʱĻŵĺܣ԰ûпúϸ
ֻԼԼݺˣѵķɫʣ
ţԣʣ
Ժһߣ㱾ã˶һݳʡ
˦˦ͷǵģʲôˣһˡ
ĪУԺݿܳĪУҧгݣ˵ıߣԼѽ͹ĪеĲ壬Ūûˡ
ݳСҪҲΪ˸һϲĪкٺֱЦҪ˵ı˿⡣
Ҫ㣡ݳǰȥĪоһȭ裬εǣеĹȫǴڿմĪе塣
ٺ٣״̬ѽѽĪйݼ
дһƽϡƵһָʾԼ
𲻵ðԭƶ켸Īɫһ䣬ʱһ壺һʿ
ԣټʶһɨʱ֪ĪΪʲôҪȥˡ
ٺ٣ԹԴݹЦȴǿ⣬һͯӿ첽
ݻµĴʱ¶һ˿Ȼ죬Ҫ˵Ļ
ʦǰкιɣǰǫĵͯӿ϶ġ
ʦ֣ǴϷԸ͸ǵŴȲӣڼϣʦ׼Ŵȵıź͹顣
ͯӹ˹ݽʱŻȥ
ŴȵĲӣ滹бź͹飿ﱡƤӣ


026 ȿʼ
ϸšڵϣͯŴȲӡ
ϸ˱Ҳ˳
ŵӴȷ֣һ֣̭ڶ֣Ӣ֣ܾ
̭һŵ̨սֵӽͳͳ̭
ŵܹ˰ʮҪоų̭а˰ŵѡʮӢӣʮֻ˽
̭һʮˡǾӢ
Ӣʮѡÿ̨սʤ߽֣߳ԴѡǰʮһˣһʤߣҪ漴ѡǰʮλսһˡ
Ķʮ˼̨սѡǰʮǿ
̨ܾѡǰǿǿһ˽̭ˣȻ󣬾Ĺھսѡ˶սʤͨһ˶սΪʣھ
Ƚ
ھһööƷʯ
ǾööƷʯ
öƷʯ
ʮʮöƷʯ
ۣʯ׻ľʯĪٴδ󣬶ʱ۴С
ݣǿҪ㣬һҪһΪƷʯҪ֪öƷʯάһµľ۷󣬸Ҫǣֽ׶εٶٷһҲ˵ƽҪıı
ı۾ɵùԲ̲סѿɵЦ·öƷʯѾ֮
ңݱ²⣬ŴȣҲΪ˹ǵǱԽãԺõԽ࣬ԽߣŴȣҪߵߵ֪
֪֪˷ܵĴ֣治ţԼһ㿰ԽʦʵЩŵܰŵ
ǫһĻ˵ǰ˵Ѿ嶤
ˣ̭İôġٴη˲ӡ
չƣų̭ÿҪʱ䣬֮󣬾ǾӢ
ϣѾг˾ųеһһڣڶаš
ݣڵڼĪ˵ʱѾڳѰԼӰӡ
ڰ˳һ졣һĿʮУڳУǻãҵԼ֡
Լʱݻصһ°һſ˿ХȻҲǵһ
ϿҲڵڰ˳ɨһµڰ˳ˣԼͬζԼĶ֣ȻҪú˽⡣
ڳϿҲУھ֮࣬ǲԾ¶һ˿ζǲԩҲͷϿҺ㻹Ե
һҵԼֺԾڵڰ˳İٸУһͣãЩ㱣һŰѲӷһԣ߽ңʼ
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λʿͬǵɷ磬ֻǵĮӣ˸еЩζ
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ڷźţŲڵģţڵĺģҲų϶ų˹άԵʣȻͬǳϣһһţ֮ԶҲŵƴҪŵԵʣţ൱Լǰ;ϴһԺôҲںҲһȨ
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Х˲Сĺ䶯Եĳ˺Ļ˵˳ûąֵ̃ˡ
ʮѡ֣ݡ̨
뿪λʱеĿȫݵϣǸѽڰ˳̭һˣһɱŵĳϿ
䶯˶֪ݵĴڡ
֮£ݵĻҲ˵дˣһǰŵĲһʵ㣬ǽ꣬޹Ⱥ󣬾ȻһԾﵽɱϿĸ߶ȡ
ɱϿҲŲ㣡
ţֲ̫̫ˣ
ʵˣҽ٣ҪǣĺܵġǼжݵĶ塣
ﶼǿݣҪھӢ᲻ٴº֣ٴ䶯Ч
λļ䣬ԣҲǵĿϣ롣
ôĿⶢţȴ̬ȻԵãϹ˺΢ЦǸҲմ˹⣬Ŀ֮£ȻҲ쳣·ûκѹ
£˽
ʦˣôһɱǣʵӦÿԼǰʮǿġ
ҪԼôס

λ˾򶨵̨˹֣һ񣬶صΪ˱ֳԼѺãϹ΢Ц
ݾǣҲĶݵͷǹг΢
⵹УƺаգѵҲеø֣
ĪУҿľʵＱæϵĪС
Ͻ׶ΡĪеĻ΢΢İǶǰȻǳɻ
ˣȫϣҪóֵİգʨӲȫ룬󷨾Ų۷ǿ˲뱦С
ˡ
ע£ܵǿֲƣƤһԼļƻָеࡣ
321
ʼ


030 ǰʮǿ
ձϣݱѾһֶ

ʮޱȣϽҲΪ֮һ͡
̧ͷȥֻƳֹ״ϸȥӾʹĿһϸСּ
Ͷ
߸֣ݵûаҭסԭҪȥĽбǿջأӿҲջڣһһ֮ҡ
ջرЩЦãƽһľףֻеջƣҲûгʣѾȷݿ֣Ƕݵĵͷ
Ҳ΢΢ͷĴָѡǶԵģ
лл
̨ϵľٶȴڳĪȥͷԡ
ڸʲôô֣
ѽüȥʲô
ôɱô˵ˣ
ѵǽʦʹмƣ

²ⲻϣȴһƽתͷ̨֮ϵڸ߲㣬˵䣡
С

һƬ꣬ȴȫӣɵĺС뿪̨ﰵ룬ϣƥģǶƨһ˲ǣɱһͷŴͶĻᶼûУ
ʤҲʣòŷӦǸеͶŵӱĲѡ
ЩԲ־ʤ黹ǲġ
ݣҲ̫˰ɣսˣ״ҼˡХȥһƿ;ʤݣĽѡ
Ҳû취̯̯֣ʾԼ޹ӢУֱ쵽磬ڿʼĶʮһ顣
һ飬ҪڶʮһˣЩңΪʹʤҲҪ漴ѡʮеһˣΪĶ֣Ҳ˵ҪǰʮǿҪʤΡ
֣ʦӮˡĵ˽̸ཻ
һŵӵĳ֣һֶնյЦ⣬һ˫ϸС۾гһ죬˾ŵ˵֣ʦ֡
ѡѡеһս֣ʦ˵
󣬽д˶ʮֽȻһŷһС֣ʦֵϿʼַ֣С
ֹ˶Ŀ۽ڽϡ
ע£֣һСֽţչֽţ΢΢һ䣬عȻ
ԡ֣Ǹ֣ʦֵʱýӲʲôЦŵһĹʦ֣
ŵҲȻ󻩵ֿˡ
֣ʦ־Ȼ鵽͹ʦֱȣƷֱǻɽһҰ
군ˣ֣ʦ߲㣬ԼǰʮʵҪڰ·زˡ
𡭡
˵̸ۣ֣ʦֻʲôζĶˣϲϱã󲻸ĵĿŸ̨ϵĸ߲㣺ҿ飬Ҫ³ȡһΣ
ҲЩ˼ֱǴΪŵӣǸ߲һۣͷͬҪ
ٸһλᣡ֣ʦ˵ٴС档
ŽСֽţ֣ʦû˸ղŵĵҲЩţͷϸϸܺ
չֽţĽ鳤ɫ÷ǳĹ죬֣ʦ֣ݡ
֣ʦֵƷ̫ˣ

֣ʦָǼſǻҿ飬ҪٳȡһΡ
ðɡ鳤֣óһֽš
ˣȨ߲֣ʦֲܴɥһݵתһɪֵıӰ
ˣ
鳤Ͽ˿Ǹ֣ʦ֣ٿֽϵ֡Х
ϷԵһĻڹȥˣ֣ʦȻȨ˱ʾεͬʱҲüžӢڶ֡
ѡǰʮǿ
ǰʮǿͿԻýŵʸ񣬶ʮѡֵȫˣⳡǹϵԼǰ;ĹؼԱ
ʤˣɻڴԾţţڵĺģøõԴǰʧˣ꣬ÿֻöƷʯ١
ͬȡ
鳤ϰѶʮѡֵдֽϣӽСڣȻһ
һʮ飬ݶսХսս¥
һǹԶսɣһŲ㣬һ㣬ʵ̫󣬽ûغϣԱʤ
ǹԣݣȵʵǰʮŵӣǿʵѶɨ⡣
ݺģХˣХƷ˼£ǡһ߲ǰʮ׼
һսХƾѧѵ֮õʵսѵȻԽɹǸߵɨ⣬ɹǰʮǿýŵ
һĶսѡŵǰʮǿ
鳤ϿʼԡݡХ
һɳҲǰʮǿǳ⣬һŴȵŵʵҪǿϲ٣رлּӼĵӡ
⼸УǾоѵĸǺʣսҲ߲Ϊο𣬲Զˣ
쾫ӢܾУ󣬸ȥеӣҲɢȥ
ݣ״Ȼǰʮǿˣ״ʵ̫˷ˣһХһʮ˷ܵĳ
һûаճɶȥȥȥҿϲ
ܾöƷʯûкƿѾѪѪҺԵХתૣѾڱصã


031 VS
ϣͯٴһСӣܾ漴ȡС
ùӣ˿ʮİš
ܾһ֣ѡǰǿڶѡǰǿǹھս
ڷӿ˵һۣݾˣһɫּӳݵͫ
ܾһݶսХ
治¸£ХСӡãЦ
ȻϣϣХɥ
ݣûпšԺڻҶ£ϰϰҹŵһࡣ
ˡһڲ裬ǵ˵
ôҰź̬սҪ顣ХһˬھͰһȥ
ݳãһ߹ȥѾĲű̬
ٺ٣ЦЦХЦ˵۷ʵǰʮ׵ģ˭һǰʮͷǳˡ
ǺðɣͶʡҳ°ͣһЦݡ
ȥġХһۣ֣µĵ˵ˣ첻ҪҷˮҲֵġ
õġҲ࣬ͷ

峿˶ܾڴ
Ŵܾڿʼ̨ϣϻֺܾĻһХսݣλѡ̨
ۣݣǸɱ񣡡
ȴǰʮǿţХʵɱǰᱻɨ
˹ʦֺͰʦ㣬ûݵĶ֣
ܱ˵ݺХ˫˫λվ̨
321
ʼ
ЦݿХʼ󣬲ŲŲæ֮ѵĽǹХзӦʱ䣬Хܶܲˡ
Ų۷Ƶ貵ɹâĽƥХХϮȥ
ܵƥеĽâХ󾪣ܵâ̺ŲæײֱԶХܻĴ󺰣ݳСӣĳȫѽ
ҲҪֵĺòãݺ޹ĵХ֪Ѿܵʱˡ
˵ЦĺòãһĬжûСХЦһײֱӴܹӽݣѹݳСӣôҵ
ôݵҲߡ
Ҵ㼸ȭٰӳȥסҪһӣХ˵
ǺðɡݵͷɴҲãһ߾ͳȥХⲫ
Ǻһѷ¡սʼˣŵʲôãԭʼⲫʤ˷˼ǣ֪Сɱ֮ƵݱˣǸХ̫ǿˣ֮Ǵ÷ѷ¡
飬ڷˮǿҿ飡ŵӲˣԭ뿴ɱ񡯵Ӣˣû뵽˾Ȼ̨˹Ҽҡ
˷̨ϵĸ߲Ҳˣ۵˼Կ˵İϷԵķˮ˵ս˭Ҳø档
Ϊ˵ХûбӰĵݣἸȭҲӶ
ݶХӲѣΪҪһӢۣû뵽ھȻ
أ
˾ˣֻХ쳣µĴһ·鸽һ˫ȭȻݵؿмȭֱӰ⡣
ХСӣ㾹ȻôҪҰһ졣
һôУХٺֱЦ
ϻ˵ҪȥˡݶХʵûˡ
ӰӰɣˣҲ˴һˡХһνһˡ
Хû˵꣬αֱӳХ˫ֿסļ粿˫һֱӰӳ̨
һƾСսݡնաʤ½
һʤһУˣ̨̨ˡ
һƬ꣬ߺ飡Х޳ܣܾˮȿںűĵǿҲ
һİĳһĨЦ⣬ҿû˷֣һȻ󲨣һ˪ͬߵı˰ȻҲЦ
ĳսеĺңóĵƽһ㣬е㿴ͷˣҲ䶨ԡذ˼˽ǰǿ
˵һ⣬ĳԣڸ߲㻹ǺģǺʵĵӣԽͷʾڶֱԵĿʼ
ȣȡλеһλΪֱӽѡ֣˷Ϊ飬ˣ
Ǹȡĵӣ˵ģֱӽǰǿڵҲû飬ΪǴǰģû˸ɸ߲Ȩ
ֽţСڣԳסӣκʶлɨӣֹס
˭Ǹ֮ˡ
֣չֽţ
⣬Ҳ֮Уˣ˭пܣټϰʵû˳ɡ
ĸ˵սġ
ֳ飬ѡǰǿ
ֵһذսųĽ
ʵˣսĸ߳
ܡ֮Ƶذʦֶս桯ʦ֣ڴ
ڶʣɱսŵһʦ֣ٺ٣֮ԽԽˣ
Ѫڴ£һͬɰ̨ʵӵлɽһıȴʮ־׳ͦΣͬһʵĳᡢ
ǿǿս
ⳡսνǾĶǡ
˶ϲԶϲսذıעͬٵصĴ󸫣һһʽƷƲ絶ᡢɴ࣬ǡ
ƾУؽӰڴսٻغϡʱѷһΰܱ
ذʤ¶͵飬
Ѿûһ˿ذ¶Ц⣬ЦӮˡ
´һӮġȻûĻ˸оһĸо
㡣˿Ƶˣȴѵ뿪̨
ڶݶսԣ
ˣŵһսεĺɱ񡯣˭ߣ
ҾùʦֻӮŵһǲôױȡġ
ƨɱӮɱϿһķ飬̺Ų۷壬ʦҲոմﵽŲ㣡
ŷƨۺиƨãǿǿԽսģ
һµĵӾѾһʱ佫Ƶ˸߳


032 
Ժվ̨֮ϣ˾ڴŶԷ
ѵĹԴʱҲһĨصı飬ǰŴͻȻĳĺһѲĽɫ
ۺĶ࣬Ų۷壬һ࣬ʵս϶ǿһкܴĻʤᣡһߴݣͬʱ˼⡣
Ŵȵ̭;Ӣܾǰ֣ݶǳһл߲ó֣Ա˳֪⣬һ֪
ԹԲŻ
ݣȴڱĪнݳСӣνŵһ̤ʯߵ֪ߵսʤǱֵ϶ʱ򣬸¸¡
ôߵݿŹԣ˵
ǿƣڼ̵ʱǿƵİƵĪ
˸˼ʱʽʼ
ಣ
Եʩչٶȿó棬罣գ۾ɣһֵĽâƮͬһķ㣬Ϯݡ
һ㣬죬
ףĲǰһȴ˿⣬ĬĬ߶ߵߵǿƵ
ˢˢ
ڽâҪϮʱһԭӰâʱڿմԼȴǲƮ죬ֱӱƽԣ󽣾Ļᡣ
Զʱ󾪣Ҳ󽣾󱦽ؽӰֶȥ
ң
ʲô
£еŵӵɴ۾ˢվš
̨ϵڸ߲㣬ҲϾ䡣
ֻȻԵã·ԼͥԺɢһ㣬ǾеĲȴ漣ĴԲµؽӰÿһξ׼ȷĴΨһļ϶ֱӱƽԡ
ңһأͥŲңһﵽɵĽ
ֱӿԣԴʧɫ粽õ£㣬ݵңǳأ۹ԲιƮ죬ݾͬӰסԲ˿֡
룬ڹԻûзӦʱ¶Цʱùһ⡣
Ȼֱ̽ץסԣδü֮£ֱӳһӡ
УһĻȣԵ˲һƬհףڳ⣬㶵Ĳš
ʲôԼȻˣҰܵô죡Ŀͣ㱣һֱȻûгϹ˼ϵĹԡŵһ棬ѾԼλǸ߶ȣԭΪҲһ㣬ΪŵӵУʵսϣûԼĶ֣Ǹղݵı֣ټǿƵĻԼһӾô׹˵ֿɬʵԱ
ã鸴ӵĿЦݵݵһᳬģ
šݵͷж֪ܶ£֪ԼˣӦǷϣӦ÷ܽӦðѰ˵ĳһ
ҲһƬ𱬣ڣ
ϣʵ̫ˣ
ʦ־Ȼˣ
ɱʵ̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣ
ھ֮λΪݵģ
ѽһƥĺ
һֱŵΪھŵһԣȻֱӵǰǿ֮⣬һŵŵӣȻ˴ĺֱӱ϶ΪǹھλϺѡ֣
ʤĬã˵ھʱУ
ΪǰذûлָԱӳʱڴڼ䣬λϺХƤ
ڵĸ߲ȴƽˡ
ǸŵݣĹƺڵģһλ˵
֪Զͷʾλϰзִ硣
ݸղǳսֱӰֺ͹¶
ʱȥˡ
ھһݶսذھһֱ
ʱָʵذХҪֱվ̨ϣҲһɵվȥ
321ʼ
һڽĿʼ¡ݶذ˲ʵĶ֣û˿顣
ˢ
֮ѣ
ŲĺƵƣ·ǰӲֱذݾȵǣܡذȻˣκλ㾡˲ֱʩչ׽ԣŲƺѹ˿塣
Ҳذսǿ͵ģûлڵģӲӲķ񣬿ϧ̫ǱӲĶ֣Խǿ϶ġ
䣡
âƥֱڰײ񱩵޴ĳΪģŰɷ֮£ͬ˿
ذȴڳ£ֱӱƷɳȥŲ˲ıը˲Եֵġ
ء
ذڳ⣬Ȼͷվȫ飬һƵϣƥģ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ʤذս
ⳡս˭ǼذʤôͲñˣֱϹھذǾ
ǰʤذھ
ȨȨͷذֱȨɲǸ䱩İʦ㣬һţذһҰοô˼ˣҪ֪㳣֣
ѡذȨھսݶսλѡ̨׼Ȩȥذֱ
ݺͰվ̨ϡ
˲ǵһν֣ԶԷһЩ˽⣬Ц棬ȴ˪γĶԱȡ
ĪУ˵ƺû˰ɣݶĪʵ
ȷûãҪǾʯĪлش漴Īĳɻѣôˣ
ûʲôʶѡܵ
˳Ƥʱ򣬽鳤ѾĿʼ
ˢ
ֱһС֮ѡȥ·Ԥϣڱһʼʩչ粽ܵ
˱ôãĬеġ
ݿܵһЦϣʹ粽Զ̨ԵȻݱԾ벻ϽŲƣĿľǿжǿĿյҲⱻк󲻻ɳ̨
ǰݶսõʽ
ಣ
չ˹ƣһâӸĽǶȻݣϰߣңʩչĵӦ֣һ罣Դ˱ƽżпУҲһâ
Ľŵӿ̨ϽʱһԣңҲʩչ£̨Ͻ貽֯Ӱأս
ݵ۷Ծó׶
ȻƼתһŤͬһ޿ײ磬˲䴩Ľйƣֱư
ɱҪˣ
ʦΣˣ
ʦҲǿʦֶûмôãҲֵýˣ
µҲŴеΪݻҲΪţ֮һ̣е˵ȫ


033 
ݵֱңƮݣȴַǳϬһԵĽѵĿĺǲҰܣæ֮£˲۷ȫ뱦֮УҲ˲ˣһֱֱӺݡ
군ˣʦҪˡ
ʦֶҪӣʦҲס
ݸձƽ¾һƬۣ˶԰жϣȻûжּΣǿʵȴġ
Ҳǣһγ֣һˣֱӰСŵڶ֮ƵĳϿһɱȻ˼νֺͣХһҼңں͹ԵĶսʱһǿǿƵ̬ѡŵһĹֱӺɨȥ
սȴ̵ӡ
˾ˣÿ˵ϣ
̨ϣʹñ񵲣ǿĹݵıϣʱװĺ
ݵȴͬһ׷ɣֱ̨⡣
ݾȻˣڴĹھˣ
ӮˡݴӵվЦ԰˵
ʱھ㵵УƺԼһҷݣˡ
˲һݸֵܻסΪʲôȴԼˣһ˫ݣãһ˦ȥ
ΨһĽ;ǣǹģڷˮ
˴Ӿ˭ҲɵӣҶǹˮֺŮš
޳ܣ
ܾˮ
µһθߺݵֺΪ
ݣѾŵӳΣⳡŴȣ֮Ƶģ˵񾭽˼ս̭ͰǰǿʵĳϿɱְһΪùھĹԺɨ⣬ڵֵĹھָ˱ˡ
ŴȹھǾݣذ
ڴȽеɢȥŴǰʮǿڴ˼ϣ⣬ǰʮǿĵӵĽڵȻ͵
һŴȣĻƺҲѾôҪˡ
ԺﻹŰ飬ƺǷŭԹޣ
ݣôХʱ߹Ҫ˵Щʲôȴֲÿڡ
ǻȥɡεЦЦХһȥеԼεľٶƺˡ
ڻҶ£Ժﻹ˼ԼǶǴ
أ
޴촫˳ֱӰ˼еһֻݵԺٴλĵ£վڵµĴϣʧȥı˪ᣬһַŭԹίݣ̨ϣΪʲôҪ
ҡվҪЩʲôȴַ޴¿ڣҲûٸᣬһ˦ȥ
ݳС군ˣǸСˡĪлֻ
⡭ݲ֪룬תȥպХһ棬ХһԲ˦ȥİһ£ٿǵµԺͷ㶵ݣҲ˼֡
ȥХߵǰݣǸ˵㣬ʵġ
ΪʲôݺХʯϡ
㶼֪˵״ҵѲ˵ġХѵһء
˵˵ɡݴߴ١
ݳСΪ˶״һƤѽ˵״ˮҵĹھҿ϶ƨƨȻܣ˼ҰʦĺʤƢֲǲ֪ᱻΪȫû
ޣΪˮðʦӮ˼Ҿͻˣǡǡ෴ʦΪʩǲǰʧȥӣ֪֪ʧˣûӵĲ㣬ǰʦ㣬ŻԸ䣬ҲĹھ
ԣЩȻҲǳںġ
ûİ컵¡ХһۣݵĶԻ漴뵽ʲôͻȻü۲Ŀݣٺ٣ݣʵǲ׷˼ҰʦŹڵģ׷ŮҪ˵뵱״أҲ򻨴йĸ֣椾һ֣ôҪҪΪ֧У
ȥѾģݳĬãͻȻХڵϣɷĵСӸ˵ôʰ㣡
͵ϮңˣХʾ·һⲫսķ
Ǻѽһޱ߼ʵĻƮ˵Ķʱ˽סˡ
һ⣬һӰԶ˸͵ݵſڣʱָͷХ۾ХһֻץסݵĶĶ
μ
μ
æӦӵ𣬹Ķ߸ߺ
šԶ崺磬Ͱ䣺ݣ㵥̸һ¡
ԶżɽХԻ⣬æ˵ˡ
ȻХʹһ˼˵Լˡ
ХȥݲŰԶԼΪһ裬Ȼһߵϣ·ڵȴС
ͻȻҵ̸кͼ˼⣬ȻԶʱʮУЦݣȴܵԶ¶ǹѹǹһɴĸо
ģĪУʲôʵݶͷܺĪʵ
ᵤŲ۷壬С涪ˣ˼¶һ˿ѹܲˣҪˡĪлձϣݱܵһۺ֮עԼ꣬Զһ˿ѹʱɢһ
ݣʮ꣬¶ݳǣСԼ̯׻йֲҽδХһͬǰʮɽܱڿˣΪŵӣһﵽ㣬ڽ꣬޹ȣϿԹŴʱɱϿʵ϶ΪŲ۷塣
Զ㣬˱Īڲصʵû˵⣬ľûһ˿
ǵģݵͷû˿ȣһ֮㱾¶ûУǲŽ֡
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ĪУ⡭ұϾѧĹòáԥ
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İɣʦѾˣٰһʦҲ޿ɺǰɣ֮ҲġԶɣҲɿ˵
мϲŻ˵ǻˣûݳɣ˦ȥˡ
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ҿЦôǲʲôˣХҴݣʵ
û㣬ҪȡԼ״̬˲סХĿڡ
ǺðɣȥҺúóһ֪ХҲݵȾôһ׳

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043 ޸붦
ϵʿﾪȲѣ΢΢۾ҲʼźۼĴʶ΢΢һɨţһ㣿
ǽᵤϲܹеģǳʶΪֻдﵽᵤڲ𣬶ǰʿƺΪѽղʵĳʯƾҩԭϣʻƺֶܾͨ
һʱ䣬ϵʿﵹǶǰ
ֻԶһ㣬Ϊʦһǫĵ
ԭԼ޸ҩɡϵʿһȻӡ
ǵģҲԣʡһʾʯݵͷ
ⷬٶʱϵʿ޸ƷҩʦˮƽǲͣߣͶǽᵤڵΪǿصģһʱ䣬ϵʿҲ
ʦʦϲύĶϵһתЦԭѵʦǶͬУͬоѣҩҲ޸͸ˣǽѣҽˣƶšơ֪ѣ
һûôҩύһʦǿߣ㡣
ƵˣҪľǸ˼ʹϵƵԴᡣ
ƵСݣΪǳûеšݹ֣ѵõҩݻʮϲģҲ֪Ƶ˵ǸԼѣʵԼǸʦĪСѣҲò𴩡
ǺǣݵѣʯڸǼ̿򵽡Ƶ
ǾͶлˣСҸǡݸǵ
뿪¥ҩܲĪ˵ĪУĿ޸ҩ
ҶЩԶһ㡣Īкǫѷ˵
ݣ
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Ǹ˵㻹ǲҪΪĪкܳƨĵ
ĪгƤͬʱݸƵ˵̣ʮöƷʯ򵽳ʯȻڻöƷʯ˼ʮװҩƿڣȥҩɨһҩģܹʮöƷʯݵĳܷΧ֮ڵġ
͵͵һС䣬ϢİжȫӽʩʩȻȥ
ʱ
ڵɽһڡ
һӰȻڣﻹһƾɵҩҩ㣬ҩϿޣͨ죬ȫȼܻ棬ֻ̫ƾɣЩ
ⶦл붦ƷۻѾԵ붦ûôĪлúһ󷨿ȥͿ԰޸ˡ
ݳСӣȥȥѧĪзԸһҩڰУһ֮ʹҩڿе
ĪеӦгʯһԡ

һɺƵ֮ҩ·ͻȻһĻɫĻ滶û˿¶ȣȴҩҪڻ
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͡
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ĪеһȣȻͻȻڳһʵʵĻ棬ڿзȼա
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044 ׬һ

Ȼ붦һ𣬶һ°һջضڣֻʣһĨת
ĪҲջ֮𣬻붦ʼ䣬ʱĻ붦ͨ죬һŻȼգҲղƾɵģ
ܺãɹˣݻ
֣вɹĵĪƲƲ죬һ붦ƷԴﵽƷϳˣҲͲƷһѡ
ۣţĴָ
붦ҩҪϺܶ࣬붦ۿеĻҿ԰ѱ֮øۣ򵥶ԣЧʣԼһʹҩɫ
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ҲҲǡڨЦ
ˣʱ䣬Ī˵
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鵤ȻһƷҩͼĵҩҲѰ˵ȾƵģݵΪԣⵤҩƵģô˵ˡ
뵽⣬Цݶ˵㵤ҩȻһһʮöһöٶݵǣһһʮöҩĳɫϳˣ־ֳɫȷԼ뷨걳ǿʦ
ʱҿݣЦŵλСѣһһʮöҳʮöƷʯΣ
ãһ㣬üǮ̴Ӧ
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죬׬һüЦĻصڡ
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ǰǲһ۷ֱӲٶٴηֻ£ͻһ㣬ﵽڶ㣬ٶҪñ֪϶ñ˾õ´
ˬǣԼѵľʯʱ䣬Ȼ׬öƷʯݵȫҵνۺޱѽ
ָоһִũСĸܣȴûȥҩģΪݾĪл̫ۣѾĪйܵģȻĪв˵ݻǾͣһʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ľʯˡ
ĪУںܸԣˡֺĪе
ԣƨԺ֪ʲôʯˮˡĪƲƲ죺ҩ׬ʯֻСҪĸԣ͵ǿʵʱߵﶼռʯɽǲŽĸԣ
˵ҲǣʵֻСݺٺֱЦ
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֪ˡݲͷĵĪԽԽ̫ˡ
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ⶫ׹ݲԶʮҵһƬɽС
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ȱ𿴣˵ĪʱܴæԸŷӦʲôõ˵
һǰɫʯͷڡ
˹ˣʲôܣĪмеķԸ


045 ֵĵ
￩һ£ææĴѰε㣬ǣѡһŲï֦ܵ
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ಡ
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ɷĿѽһ۵ʿԲԶһ۵ʿ˵
Ǻ۵ʿϴĺɷɷɷ۵ʿĻЦһɷ򣬱Ȼüʱϵ³ǾȻܵô죬ʵñ
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ҪôſԵĵϲ񣬿תһ룬⵰ֻûһƲ˵δ̫ˡ
㶨һУĪڱصá
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զ࣬Щ飺һҲÿ춼ҪѪ᲻ӣ
أҪ޿ͱṩ𣬱Ҫÿ޵ڻ޵ԾȻ룬ٺ٣һԼӿٶȺϤѪϤζǿԣҲԶ㣬һʯ񣬸¸£ļƻʵ̫вˣ
ֱð亹üѵķ񣬿ĸ׵Ĳף̥ʮ£ʮÿһ춼ҪСĺǻ
Ҫջͱ븶ûвͶ񣡡Ī˵
֪֣صĵͷھͿʼ


046 Ѫ
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ҧԼָһǿбƳԼڵľѪѪѪ֮裬һ쳣ճѪҺڰɫ޵ϡ
ʱ
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žŰʮһСһӯ뵽Ī˵æסɫ޵һںƵֱӿͬٴ뺣һ޵С
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໡ɫСһ˷ܼˣĵݵϣݵϾҧһڡ
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ţݻûзӦͻȻ͸еҧ֮ȵĸоԼѪҺͻȻ


047 ʵ
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㡭㡭߲㡭
˲㣡ھǲǶ̶ʱأһԾﵽ˲㣡
ɫСһҲֹͣЩƣݵĻ
ݣ׬ˣĪЦ˻ղŵһУ
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ԼǩѪԼҲ˵ֻСһԺԸͬ㹲Ī۾гһ죺ʵǵԭ򣬾ΪԼʵ̫߳࣬ԼԼ£ڵڣ
⡭һһ㶵ģѾ֪ΧҲֻк֪Īв֪ôϸ
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Ȼ֪кôȴû뵽ôô
ҵʵֱͬһ䡯ߣҪǱ֪϶Լ￴Ŷãһ겻ͳ˲㣬Ҫ֪ʵҲָģ
Ц
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ȴִʱշǳ죬ŵһŭĳŸȥ
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ԭʦܣϴݺ;룬ܶʶݣλӻشʦ㲻֪˵ɽˣ


048 ɽ
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УֱţڵĻڴ󴦣ۼ˺ܶˡ
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㶮áХСĲһָָָԱ˪İٺֱЦ
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ǣһϳȺˣΪ׵ǸӣɷɷһȺߣҲɷŵˡ
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ڵĸ߲һ䣬ǸīΪǽᵤһ㣬ȴûͻھŲ㣬ȻһߣȴǵīĶ֡
ǱŭȴӲǷɳ⣬˫ۺĿǸī䡣
㵹е㵨ʶģ˵㻰˭ҪǴҵͽȻȥɷЦѾʵЦŲҲϹֱ
˵գɷһӣ֮˺ɣ˶š
˼ҿԿʵȴīʵī俴°ƾ㣿һֻ֣
ߣͽѿ࣬ʵ˵࣬Ѿ𷨾
ಣƷ罣
һ쫷磬һƲɽ磬ɱī䡣
īȻĮ·ûпƣɾڿ罣ҪԼʱ
䣡
ĵâճֱӰǵ罣ҷɣɵĽâƲֱӺ
һУǿƣ޵УɱֱסˣδüɱȻĵâԵ˵ģۿҪɥ£
ҹݻɺ裬Ｒ


049 
θնʱ
䣡
һֻ޴Ѹڿ۳ΣǾ޴ĵâȥײ졢ƾˣǾ޴ĵâӲǱǿҵĳƫһСɽϣʱɽ屻ըһ޴Ŀӣľ촷۷ʯɱţҲײɢؼ䡣
ӡ
θնʱѾӡ
ܵͷ񱩵ľǲһ˲䣬ѾڹŹشһת
ʱѾɵǣ˵ʦ֣ȥ
ɫһãƺʣǸղŵʵԵİǰԼһ֮ûУֻǶ
ллʦܡȻܾݸղŵһ֮λǿҲ֪ʱǷ֮ʱǵлЩǱĻصڡ
ڵĵоݣݵķ
ţŵӶڶʱǾһƣٴοƷȻ뵽ݡ
ڿݳȥҶʱ
ʦֱܺǿˣ
ʲôãʦֶӮǸī䣡
ѽǸī䣬пܴﵽ˽ᵤڣǵУ˭Ķ֡
ţǿʦܻѵĴīԿ𣿣
еȫ۽ϡ
Ѿﵽ˲㣡
ڵĸ߲𾪲ѣӸеһޣŶãһ֮Ųﵽ˲㣬ֱţƷţһ
ڣ˶ǾɲѣҪʲôѵôսһᵤڵĸ֣úǿﵽ˲㣬һᵤڣҲûлʤϣǱʶϣݿԴī䣬ΪһϺӡ
ɡϣһʱЩᣬһҲᵽɤӡ
ɷһȺȴͫһݣЩ뷨˲ʵһַ
ǲţ˭ôţ棬ܹԽһսǿһǲˣԪ½Ҳľ֮ˣڡ
ɷǲš
ôɷ⣬ЦǸС޶ղŲͦŵôôһоˣһȤȤνڰ
ɷ˵ĳģﶼŭѣ˵ھǵļңڣ͵˶ˡ
߬ȭͷͻһͨ죬ȴҲ
졣ںɷ⣬˱ʱһÿ˶˭
СޣͦšɷݵĻһҭתЩĵϣ㲻ҪСһñʧҪȻҶҲʧ
ϻ˵ͽܻУװʲôᡣƲƲ죬ī乴˹ָ
ī䣬ѵɷһīԸ
ķԸīѾ俴ݣһ䣬ȴһĨɷ
ֻīַ·𲻾󶯣һһâƥīмӭǣ˲һУâв˿˿ɫɷѿ
ᵤڵĺſֲֵƣ·ɷĵâҲ̣
ﰵɷŵĵӣһƾȻǿ˹ݿµֵסڵĳæ÷Ҫڹؼʱ̾ͻܸ
˵۾ǣݲ˷αȻһ󷨾һӭâĿֲƣӭѶϣ
Ҫʲô
˵ɴ۾𣿣
īҲһ⣬ǰѵ
ͬ˵뾪ɣȴǹһĨЦݣâɿ죬Ѿݣʱ
Ȼ
ңݷ˶ͻȻһȻԭ˲óӰâֲ˹˲䴩Ӱȴͬ˺ƿ㣬û˿Ӧɱֱһɽͷ䣡
ɽͷըһ飡
лӰ飬īȴʧȥݵӰ
ˢ
ݲ֪ʱѾīĺ棬¶һ˿⡣
īСĺ棡ɷȻ˹ƽī䡣
īԶʱһʶתȥӭһĨɫɺ衣
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ɫâڿк֣·ڽ棬ҹ켣Ʈ죬ң׽͸
Ľâƥȴ̺ǿ񱩵˿һ
īտʱâѾͫбϴ


050 ż
ī䷴Ӧ죬һӣһâ뽣âײīִ֮£ȻݽâʮಽɫҪ֮ʱ
һ䣬ЦιǸ˭Сͷϣ
īʱ̧ͷȻһ޴ѾЮӰһɽȥ
أ
ڰյīͬһֻķɵĲӬֱӺڵ£ҳһ޴Ŀӣ޴󣬵ϳʯɱţãɢȥ
ۡУīͷæ³ڻҳʱɫ䣬ԹĶݣ
ಣ
īһԾѾһԹڵıѾ޵ǣôǰ󣬶Ҹīܲ˵ǣֻڰ˲㣬ԼȴǽᵤһΪ
ΪԲԹޣԹ޵ͬʱīѾ𷨾
ιʲôȥīѾ˳
īٴһ⣬ȴʱĴƣٴЮźѿХ
أī䷨һ룬Ѿ޴ĳֱȥϾ޴ӣٴαҵĸ
ĪУֵĻɡٴӡеĵī棬ƵĶĪ˵
ӡΪ켶ϳˣǿ֮˵ԽһԿԽһɱҲпܵģѴӡءһƾͿ
ĪݺٺһЦԴӡҲڴ
Ҫɱ㣡ī˷ƵĴӵϳ˳ɫѾģǿŽ顣
أ
īץǣһαƸķȥÿһǿĹѪӿīһδγһδķȥݸûиʩĻᣡ
Ȼˣ˻Ȼˣ
޵У޵У
䣬ɨһУ
ڵĵǱǿҵĻֱӺɵڹ𣡡
ݽչֳʵڳˣŵӣŵӻǳǣݸˣţ٣ҾȻ˲ʵĽᵤһûл֮ʲôţ⻹ֱǧ겻
ˣڵĸ߲棬Ｄѡ
һ
䣡
һȥīһαµ棬Ѿһ޴ӣīõĺմѪҺʮεĴӡֱӺīλѪҺ
Ƶһ޴һ۳Σ
ס֣ס֣ɷˣһӣƵ۵ƻȻȥѼѣεīīиղһ˿ᣬʱڣǰһƬѪҺɫҰޱȣûˡ
ӴɷԳ֣ѵҪӱһصڵѹ̺ɷղųֻԼĴӡ
ߣ޺ʵڲǵĴţҺɷˣɷɫҲǱƲѣٴȥԼİĵӻᱻǰֱӴɷ˫ۺĿһݣƺҪģסҺɷ˵㻰ǰܣȥǣ
ɷһ֣ѹӵķŭߣ
͡ݵ˵һԼڽӽߺԵĨһѺٲ䣬ԼҲѷʧȥս֮
ɷߺãǾͲˡãЦûüԦȥĺɷıߡ
һɷȥѾˡ
ٺ١ҡҡ׹еûˣò׽ڣȴһһֻȵԼ
ָоһ͵Ķ񺺣һķ
ǣǡ亹乣ĺëȫըʵܲ˱һȺ˻ŵĸо
ǣݣǵż״ҰˣХһǺһӵ
ҲһӦһǺĳݣż񣡡
𣬱𡭡ֻеһͷΧסԼԼһȺְ˽ŵıһףߺżż񣡡
ڵĸ߲ǿⷬ󣬸ЦڵĵǣӦһżһӢˡ
ݸԼڿڷɣԴֵΧɨڷְվһԿԼǡÿʱ
ʱһ˸װνĿ𴦣ֻǰϣ˼ֺϼԱĸ顣


051 Ͼɽ
ݺúõķһѣһٺХᣬ˵ǣ룬Ǻ£أŵŮǣȴ绨հĻݱĵĺøУ⽨ĳֳԽʦõĹϵЩ
Ҳ⣬Ǿǰӷ·˴̼չڶ󣬶ХǼݽʣŬܶ룬ҲǺ£Ҳʾ
û죬ݱϻȥ
ݣϹ˺Ͱ׵Цݣ˵
ϵĶΪҶȫҹ飬ʹ͵Ĺâ
ʯԣϵıϣʵϣ֪еǰкηԸ
۾Ƭ̣ȻżɽʦֶΪͬŵп˵ǵ֮ĵһϴڲʺĳɳˣӦʲôȥһ£ʦҸպҪһЩ֣֪ʦֶԸԸȥ
ʦҪ£ӾΪ֮ݲĵ
ʦҪפϾɽպûȱ֡ϵ
Ͼɽס֣룬ʦ˵ϱͬһطʵģԼ⼸мûȥطҲӦûˡ
ţݵͷû⣬ʦ壡
ãҽ˴ȥİ
ȵߺϲһʦֶʦҲΪãϾɽŵӿҲȥ
գȻݣʶŴʦ
ʦ֡ЦŴк
ʦܡЩӣʦǰһʱ仹ԼʱԼ֪ǳƴǻһ꣬ԼͱԽˡ
̾̾ЦⱲӺڳˡ
ʦܣʦҴһȥϾɽ
뿪ڣõϢŵһĽȴû˼ʣΪݵʵ֪֮
ϾɽλݳǺǵĽ紦ʵϸ˵ϾɽǿǵģеϾɽȴǹС
һ·ϣУٶȼ졣
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ʦֱô˵ǫѷЦЦȴʮ˵ʵˣʦǽȥϾɽøá
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Ͼɽڵľʯɽ룬һþʯѳɵĿɽжôŨĻǱĶҲҪŨ֣˵
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̸Ц䣬ʱܿȥʱѾҪӽĿĵء
ݸ棬ǻɽʯͺͺģû˿⣬ɽʯĵһɽεض𣬴ɽûвľֻ޾ʯ۾Կ˸ŹâϸСǾʯƬ
ˣϾɽ˵ͬʱȽȥ
æϣȥܵɽ̺Ƶޱߣһ󺣵ĸо
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ȥʦɡȻϾɽ棬һ޴ɽ˵פԱǣסɽ
ʱɽڳһȺߣǸӦˣԸ˹
Ӳμʦ塣Ϊ֮ˣæĵ
ҲŵӲμʦ塣
ʦš廯ݾɣʮӣͷҰףһŽڱһ˫۾ͬӥһ㾫ڡ
ʦ壬ʦܡݽܵ
ŶǱڵţ廯ƺ͵õ鱨Цҽɽɡ
Ժգǽɽ
ɽж죬ַ۵Ĳɽһ硣
Ͼɽûбģǿλö࣬ʦֶʵûʲôҲעһûС͵֮ģе룬Щ꣬ƺûԼҸط۾ˡ廯Ը䣬Ȼ˰һ磬ӭǡ
£ɻˡ
ݳСӣȻŨĶ࣡ĪΪ˷ܣʡϺöྦྷʯˡ
һҲöˡҲЦӦ
ϻ˵ǽѡλðɣȥϷʮλãŨʺ㣡


052 еϮ
Ī˵λá
һھͨͨԵɽ洦ɼʯݸоԼվλã·ܵģɵģۿɼĵ
ǿʮңҲ˵ٶȣʮĪ˵ʮ⡣
ôǿʮզ࣬ʦ˵ĹȻûд°빦
ͻȻ뵽ףĪУ˵ﻹȥǲŨ
ġĪеͷȻ󻰷һתȥұ֤㽫ıŨűҪ֪㳣֣ҪøԶ·Ҫһһߡ
ԣݶʱСžš
ϥԭأݽ飬˷ʱ䣬ֱ
ʮ죬ݻ϶жȹʦ˵ûûʲô£ÿ죬Ҳȥ׽óԺúȵģһ£ȻǵΪ磬²һ겻Զûġ
ݹеӡ
ϡǺڻɽһΰĺɫУɷš
ϴǵĳӣһҪһգɷϣڣڻϣɷ·ʮ۵ʿ˵
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ߣ־ɷߣʱǳһɷ˵ѵû˵ƽȮѾƽɷŸȮǻ
ǾҪʹˮڰˣԴȴһŻۺ񣬱Ͼ˼дҵף
ǣҪǵĴҵǵʵôԴ
ô˼ǣһλʵ
Ͼɽǿ򱾾ǵģҲɷŵģǵ񣬾ǶԼĶ
⡭
ǲضԣзִ硣ɷһֹ֣˵ĻϾɽֻԶǸϵǽᵤĲΪڤīǰռϾɽʱ䣬ճ
һݵϵ

Ǻڻɽʮڿ羪軮ϷȥıԵϾɽ
ϥʮٶȣȷǰķɿ죬׻ʨǿʾˣǿݰԷԸСȥΪŨȣҪǿϼ
СĳɳǷɿģʮ죬˰ƵѪԼ£ݾȻﵽھŲ۷壬СȴҲԼԼ£ͻƲ˽ᵤڡ
ݣеϮȻĪеĴͷݻȻ˫ۣĪеĻûлɹ
ʦʦǣеϮ糤ӹɽɽصòϢ
еϮ
еϮ
ಡ
ڷʱӾͶˣͬʱɽɳӰֻһʱ䣬Ѿɽ⡣
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廯ʱеɷŵͷ֮ʱһæãǧǧɺף֪ͨɣ˵еϮ
һóһֻֽףطʱֻɺɢʵĹâȻһԶȥ
ಣ
ɺ׷˲ãһڹͬ˲䴩ɺףɺ׶ʱʧȥеΪޡ
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ڤôڿɽҪʲô廯ɺױ䣬ʡ
ֻûɷŵĶˣڤһۣͿݰСɳϾɽڣɷ֮أڰռɷǶԼĶˣ
廯ᵤĲʵ֪ȤĸҺڤȥ򡭡ڤƺ廯мһˣҺڤ㻯ʬ
īҲˡݶǰڤжʮߣȫɷŵĵӣڤϣīȻҲվʱͫһһ֪Ϊʲôһݣһ˵ĸо·ϴαҳӰ
ĪУڤʲôʵ˿СݰСĺڤΪĸܵڤڰεƣ廯ʦ廹Ҫǿϼ֡
ᵤѡ


053 
ᵤ㣿
һѹڤţ
Щǣ廯ʦԵֵסڤټ϶Էīᵤһ㣬ԼȺɽˣе
ڤڶƣ廯ɫָ࣬źڤ
ô˵ڤЦϣȺ޳ܵ߹ȥڤƺϣ
ˢ
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䣡
廯ʾһâ貵Ĺâڤսͫһѡö֡
ī䣬ˣݺٺֱЦīͷ˹ȥ
īƣûģһϴεĽѵĿ˿Сݣ𺳵ǣ̶ʮ첻ͻˣﵽ۷壡
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֮ѣ
齣һʽֱΪ֮ѡ֮Ӱ֮顱
֮ѣѣ˺ѿƳ죬ݷ꣬һʮɵľ޴â翪ٵص񽣣ī䡣
ڽâƥֵʱѾ˴ӡ̩ɽѹ
䣡
īոջݵķ֮ѽâͷٴӭ޴ƣȻ֪޳ī䱯ݵǣ㲻
أ
īᵤڸֻûüͱڵϣһӡ
ϴεսٴݣ಻ĴӡǵأһһīƬ̱ҳѪټӰ˼ûˡ
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īʦֶڤīһ֣תͷѾȫѪ߰ߵī䣬ɼ
ĿյԭڤĽڽڰ˵廯ڵõϢͷĻᣬһƻֺĽâ˹ȥѺڤʮɡ
Сޣڤû׷廯һâݣǻˣī谮ĵӣҪʲô£ڤҲ鷳ˡ
ҿݿɵĵâ붼ûң˵£ˢˢˢ˳ɣᵤĸӲƴŲȥɵ¡
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ԭָóī䣬Ȼստʼʱͳͷڹꡣ
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ǵصĴ
䡭
ʦ־ҡ

ʱɷŵĵһƬǴڵΪݣֻбŰķݡ
Ѫɣϣ˺ڤû˵ֵסݵĴӡīҲУ
ʩչζѷ׼ಡ
һһöʯһ󣬰Ѿʯ̺ĺƵڡ
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ʦܣ䣡
Ƭ̣ļʮɷŵӣ˴룬˼ȫҲʣڵĵԱ߿զ࣬Ȼź䣬𣡡
޵У

ʦǣˣ˿˴Ĳо֣ٿڤƵǱ廯ʦ壬ݶڵĵǵαڤ
ʱη壡
ڤϹƣڤ廯ûȣֻһŭȣͷһХһɫľ޴ӡԼ
Сڤ۴УִһƬâӡӡȻвȴظ
ӡʱ廯ʦٴҵᣬƬâͬȳϮڤ
ݵĹҲںڤ޷ʱСΪᵤĲ廯ʦ壬ԿԻɱ
ڤȻ廯ʵҲСƣ廯ƥĹƣæʩչ㣡
ϹٽУݷ˷裬㣬ͼɾʯȴǷ󶯷һһӡۣͷ·ĲӬһ׷ڤ
ۣСޣϷһɱ㣡


054 󹦳
ڤҪըˣÿεҪŤתսֵʱһһӡͻ֣ԭĹȫңҪȻɱݵʱȴòߡ
սֱúڤץ񣬲ûѪīʦֶҲס
īһǲԾ΢΢һ鴤Ŀ˿˫սȼսݣû֮սδսȰܡ
ƾݿЦڷ磬һӡֱӳīȥīеæͬɥ֮ȮĶһ߶һ߿ʦң
쵰ôȥΣڤĶˡ
ʱսַŤתԵı仯ԭƵھȻתռϷ磬˺ڤȻ֮⣬ɷŵ˵ˣһţʦ
дҺڤģһҪɱСޣ
ڤŭڣŵǵĲҽУڵѪɫȴ޿κΣ˿ʣļӻڿѾ֪ҪɹǸˣãҧˣǿˣ
䣡
ڤ˫趯âʩ˳һâ廯һâȴʹˮڵӡ
Сģ㣡æʦֵǣѣٿĵâһȫ㿪ɷŵһڴæ˺󣬸ںڤ棬ԶǱӴܣ
СޣϷţ뿪ʱ򣬺ڤתͷԹ޵Ķݣӽ
֪֮ԻʧܣȫǺڣ˵뱨ϸûˡ
īһȺԺɨڵӣڤҲԴ廯ӽٷְٳɹļƻȴΪСޣһ˸ƻˡ
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úڤβߣβԹޣ
ɱɱڵĵɱ񫣬񿴵ǲֻܣɸߺҪ׷ȥ
Ī׷廯æֹסǻȥ
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ʦʵ̫ǿˣ찡ƣҶˣ
ѽûпǸᵤһɷʦĴҴܣͷڹһǺͺڹ󲻸ҳֱ̫ˣ
ʦʵ̫ˣ
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ԣ󹦳
һûȵķݵݣһ˽ϴīȶ΢һ㣬Ȼ𺳣ʦαֳʵָǿˣ
۵ǣȴ廯ԣ˵ʦ壬˽ÿɽľʯʦ𷣡
ʦֶʲô÷ǳãأһҪν㣬ĹǴ󹦳廯ϴʱǳ͡
ˣʦֶҪһ£ǳҪͻȻ廯뵽ʲôЩĶ˵
ʦ뽲
ǧǧɺ;¹ʣҪţϣ飬ҪԷһ
ǣʦ壡ݵͷҲԣ̳
ಡ
Уæڡ
߿֮ϣݷֳһ۲ܣһǹ۲ڣãھʯģһ㸱ãǾ񱩣˲ģݸղſþʯʹھЩط飬Ҳˡ
ЩʱһɾСÿһѪ⣬֮Ѿȫһߡ
ľʼٵϣһЩҲڷٻָ
С죬ҰˡϲٺֱЦһֻޣֱ̫ǿˡ
ڣڵҲȬˣͣ㣬æϵϵס
ϣһͯӶ쳤
˭
ԳŵݡͯӹĻش
ϳ˵
ϣݶ۵һ
ʦֶôӿɽˣЩɻʵ
ϾɽǱ߳ˣλǷʦ֮ģæص
Ŷʲô£㽲ɫһࡣ
ŻڣȥԼı֣һһʮİѸղŵ龭ȫ˳ϵɫԽԽѿ󣬱࣬һƣľѣͷ·һͷ˵ޡ
أɷǲˣ
һ죬·ըװ
ȲԼʧ̬ϲƽһľ˵ݣֵĺܺãȥɣ
ǣϣ
ȵȥϲ߳Լķ䡣
Ҫٿϴᣡ


055 
ڶա
ڵԴԪ½緢ͨ棬ǿǴɷ͵ϮϾɽ޳оȻɷŷؾ棬κַٶսΪ֤
ͨԪ½绹СĲ˵ģϾɵԹѡ䣬ٲˣǴ֮
˶ǣΪǵɷڷͨȴκλӦ磬Ҳϴ
˶ڲ²ɷʱڻɽɷŴʱȴӭһ֮͡
ɷŵ߸ϵϣһȫ֣ͷҲɫסˣΪĺɷȴһȺվ棬Ƕͷðϸܵ亹ﰧѽɷôôһλɷ񣬵Ǹǻô죿ô죿
λǰұΪ£ڣɷӲͷƤվԱϵú˾ʵ
ɷʱһĶˣˣȻٿʱϢĳǵĺ棬ֲֿΪֱǺ֮û˿ֻý¶һ˫ϸСۣˡ
ĵ˫ۣúɷһëȻæȴȥ
ʵ˭֪Ǻ˿ɷʱ϶ȻŷһɿֲѹѹֱѹɷûһϢֱӴ
һѹúɷоڵһ⣬ң˾ȻǵĻڴ󣬺ɷﾪֲѣ⣬⵽ʲôʵԪӤڣҾԲԪӤ㣡
ɷΪҲͳһĻ
ɷţ˵ˣ쳣ɳƵͳ·ʲôһ㡣
ǵǰɷţ֪ǰɷæͷΨвĺ˷ŭֲֿΪˣɷҵﰵ룬˷Ƹּ䣬Ϳ԰ɷš
ɷĻûн꣬˻ִĻǵͳɳƵ·ޱ߼ʵĴڣжԹ
Уţɷæͷǵ㵽һ룬סˣЩѵɱ֣Ҫǣ
ɷ뵽⣬ϵĺëը
ܺãڻصëȻĹЦɷŵĸ߲ȫźҴĵš
˶²͸ǰ˵뷨⣬ʲô˭Ҳ֪
Ǻ˵ĹЦصһ˫âڴһɨӣؿǰɷŸ߲㡣
벻ţ
ڣЦȻһͣͳɳƵĻҲ߼֣ƺǵҲθ
ţһɫãﴧ仰˼Ǽ١
棬ɷŵĸ߲ǷǳϣɵڣȡǵλãõԴǰȴ˵ڣ˭֪ǲڲǡ
ҿ԰
һĨһȴʮĹЦ
ɷŸ߲е⶯
ǰ˻棿ɷһ漴һϲ
ɷ룬־һ䣺֪ǰҪɷʲô
ģҲҪκζֻҪǰǴֻҪƵǵĻڴһţǵԴǵģҽǵһɣ
ﲻݣ˵գأԹЦ
ɷɫ任ãԿʱԥһۣǾǿʹɫͬ⡣
ϣǰŵԣɷһҧӦˡ
ʹ죬ǷģֻǼȤ鲼õĴһ˾͹ˣ
ǰʱɷӿ϶ǰ˵ΪҪ֪Ԫ½һţɨʮﵽϺڣڣΪµһţˣȻ鲼µĻڴ󣬺ɷæСʵ
ҹڷߣҪһֲ˷·뵽ϵ龰ٴηЦǴ̶˶Ĥʹȴ˸ҿĵЦ
סˣҽڡһЦһһӰգۼʧԭأ˵ģֻɳƵص
ʱ
ڶеЩƣûлȥϾɽԼĶϢȻ
䣡
ɽͻȻҡ涼ڲݵĶҲǿҵĻζ֣·ǵ١


056 
ϿͻȻصŹɳÿһ˵ĶڣǵȴŸɣ
ԺȻ˫Ȼɳͬʱڷɳһ⣬ŷɳ

ɵĹâҫҹգɫâӦ£⣬շһȺʿ
ɷţϴӵңңϿеúɷʱʱŭȵ
ȻŭȣȴɲѣɷǳʲôıӵˣȻڣ˵ģԼĻڴɷƣҲƲˡ
ѵ˵лʹɫ΢䣬ͬʱ뵽ղһɳХ
ãɷ˰֣˫磬ɨӹȥʱΪ׵Ǹ˸ͲǺɷһȫںɫеʿ
¸£ϱӣĪţڣԶϱأôȻͷڹ겻ҳɷʱ緢ߣ·࣬Ц
㡭һʱٳѿ֮ǿбƵǻڴ˵
ڵĻڴΪµģųûгϾƲ˵ĴҲܱסԼλ̣ΪҪҪǿʵ
϶ԼҵĴ󣬳ġ
صػʮعо󣬽տڹϿպƵʱеעȫ۽ϡ
ڵĸ߲ɫһ䣬ΪУǿƣƣҪӵľ磡
һ̣˷·ͷѹһʯ˳Ӱ
ζɽܹһ󣬴󣬹˼壬ﶬС󣬱ΪϱΪΪ󣬶󣬱ΨһǸţϵΪɽ壬ȴֻݱԴǲ޷죬
ҺϿУһɽ壡
أԷߴңָ·壬﷢Х
ڵԱɫⴺԼ֪ǴʱȴԼĵʵʵĽ˳
ãǿȥṩеһƣ룡Ѿʶæдﵽᵤڵĳϣ
ĵ
ǰΪĪ⣬Ǳ˽ڻ˭Եֵ
ļ٣ȴг񣬶ڵľٶ˿⣬Цûõģ󲿷ɽĴ󣬶ǸȴǿȵģǵŸɣ
ƺӡ֤ڵĻ
䣡
ɷһӣһɵĺɫâֱӺڶ·֮ϣ졣
âҵգȻֿ񱩵쫷磬쫷γһֻס·壬â˲䱻񱩵쫷𣬶쫷Ҳ͵һε
žʯʦǣҲάִ󣡡ʯۣŸϾ۹ĵȫҫ۵⣬ƵӴ͸

ϿͻȻһ޴ĹĻĻڣ¿Ŀĸ򣬱Х˺ѿ죬ϱߴ磬ּ䣬ȴɿаϸСķâɱߣȴ쫷񱩣ϧǣ֣ࡣ
˵ĹȻûд㣬Ƕ·壡
˻
ǵصĵâ֮ĺ·Ͽգ䣡
쫷ĻһδνɱÿһιʹҵĻεÿһι󣬹Ļۿɼ֡

Ӧ滤ڴڵĸ߲ͷ󺹣ļ٣ȵۣȴѴ󲿷ϲĴڣάǵת·쫷ȴΪȱݣֻСȥ
䣡
ʱĿըڡ
꣡
޴ĹĻһϸСѷ죬һʵʰĴ죬еһ
ݲãӣӣ棬ĪʧȥƽЩʧĽԶݡ
Ϊʲô
쵰ĸԪӤڣԪӤŲĸ֣󶼿챻ˣǻû˭סڲܣӶûлˣ


057 մѪͼ

ڹЦصѷֵһ̣ڷ·ѾԼõͼˡ
ƣڲӣ˫һӣȻ䡣
ҹͻȻһһͨڵɾ޽ƾճ֣ڵĲһ˿סǳסеĹâ
ڤеĵ֮˶ǡ
䣡
޽Ϣȴգۺһ˿ѷ촦
ǡ꣡
ݿ࣬ԭϸСѷܵػȻ˿޴ĺɫڤ󣬴Źɷĺɫ޵ҲȻ
䣡
λͬʱһںѪڵĻڴ󣬴Ǿ޴Ĺͬ㣬Ȼ鿪Ȼɢؼ䡣
ڵڤɣЦɷŵ˳ڣʱڵĵǺ͸߲ǻˡ
ڤȼհɣЩȫմɡڷڣдʣ趯Ȼ䣬һ𣬿ĺͻȻĵ޾ĺɫɢȻһĺɫ棬ɢڵĵȺС

ҲҪ
ЩմĵȻ䷢İֵǣϣûзգЩȴܵпĥͬȼգİڵʹ෭һûκ󣬰ϰֹĵ˵ϡ
ݿӣķޱȣר꣬մ˻棬ʱȼգͻɢóˣ
ĪеĻͷȼ꣬óȻô񶾣ǻ˭Եֵס
һУŵմϻ棬ݵȥɢٲȻֻء
񶾵ķֱҪĿȥͬţ˰ݣѾ걻ֻصĻᶼûˡ
Ҫɱǣ״ңâһɷŵӣһ޴ǵصȥ
ѪɺӣսȻڵĵǴƬƬĵ£ڵӣҲ²ɷŵˣ
ڣϵ˳ŵʬ壬ɱڽ֯
ȸҷڣ
ʱһӵըŲͻȻɹâһɫ軮գ뷢׵һλߴʱѾŭЮſ񱩵Ƴڣģһɵľ޴񽣣
̫ʦ棡
ǾڲߣһֱûгĵھŴʦ棬̫ŵڵľٶλҲˡ
ԪӤڣΪҲϷǰţһʶһɨɭȻЦ
ʲôھȻԪӤڵĸ֣භһĺɷһﰵѣԼȻǣ뵽ڵĿֲʵĶ챣ӣȻôǿһ֣ɷž군ˡ
һӣһž޴ĺɫֱɫâײ䣡
񱩵ĳʹõһǧɿĴӣ˶ನǿƵĺɨһٶɡ
СϷȥЦţȻٴһǳĹâѹƣʣīǵľ޴֮
СޣϷ˵ҪɱģУһŭȣһСݵϵݣʱȻŭһֲķݡ
Ͼɽݻ˺µĺڤ
䣡
޴
̫ʦȻΪۺĪ⣬һʵܵУԪӤŲһֱҷ̫ʦ棬Ȼ׷ɳȥ
ҲڤȻԻһУʣԽᵤĺڤݱҵѪӿҲ׷ɳȥ
ء
̫ʦݼͬʱأڲԶ
ʦ棿Ѫӿ̫ʦ澹ȻڴڵɫѪҺһҳˣ
ӣӣһһҪߣ̫ſϵɫۣһȻһݹƾɵͼݸݵʱ˿϶ķԸ
ݰƾɵͼֽһʱȻЩ֪롣
ݳСӣӣĪеĻԺըһ׾ݣʱͫһѾͼ
ҵģҵģڷЦͬȣ˹
Ϸƴˣ̫ŵƿɫӿ̬ĺ쳱عⷵһ㣬ǹһʱȻЦȻ˹ȥ
ڿеʱ̫ʦһ㣬ԽԽͣ󣬾Ȼһ͡
ãƥҪԱ


058 
۽΢΢鴤ԭǰҲæͷˣϳһ˿ţӣӣ
ʦ治Ҫǿ̫ŵľٶϳֱ֮ɫҲǸԽԽԲԽıӰ۽ᡣ
ǿӣӼ㼸Ӱ̫ŵÿ˵Ķ޾ıݡ
ڣڽո
ʦ治ҪҪȥ
˶֪̫ʲôԱǿԱ
ݿߣҪĪмæֹסݡ
ݰͼֽ쳤Х֮ݷģ˳ر
ˢ
Ѫᣬźɶݣ
תһͻȻȻըľ졣
䣡
̫ŵȻѿһɳŰȫԲһ³һɣʯɱţн̮ڶధըĳŰȫ
ʦ棡
ĳХ
ȴһȭͷСƵԪӤԪӤ˵ģн̫żƣԪӤڵı־ʹɢֻҪԪӤڣͲ
ʱԪӤССȴѣ
ɣȥɣ
̫ŵԪӤڣȻ˹ȥ
Ҫɢ𣿡ҲˣȻԪӤŲ㣬ԪӤڵԱǳһСģҲᱻɷ
ͬʱæɷǶȥϣúɷס̫ŵԱ
ȭͷСԪӤ͵ԽԽҲԽԽɷǿҲæӣһԪӤ׷ɷźӴܣɹ
ڣ̫ųܲסһȭͷСԪӤȴ̺޾ĿڱѵһɲǣеĿȻ
أ
ը쳹أڶⱬըȻղǿĳԱըΪģĴŰ
汻ƽʮɣڿƷɳȥɷǣҲҳʮɣϧ̫űը̫ԶûиԵ˵ˡ
ƥҪɱңѾԪӤɢóЦȻ뵽ӴܵݣʱһһӰ˹ȥʰо֣ϷȥҪĶ
ûȤɱڵˣգʧǵߣ˵ǾͼֽҪĶ
ʦ棡ʦ棡
۽Ѫᣬ೤
ҪҲҪۣڣǲЭģ뵽ʲôͻȻתͷеӿеӸӣӵԽԶԽã㰡Ϊڣ
Ȼ
Ϻһɳ˫Ѫźɷǿȥ
ɷҪԽԱζ
ಣ
߰˵˹ȥУǵԽԽͣ˵ۣҲѡ
ǿ졭ӣ
·һ̣Ϸ
䡭
ţŸըըؼſ񱩵ǻԹɱͬŰѵ涼Ʒ
ɷػڳĳײ£ȻڵѪ
ʦ㣬ӰٲӾûлˣХżֶ԰ǵ
ѽӰӱʮ겻ֻ̣ȵĸǿ󣬲ſԱش˳𣡡ԿǱըĢƣϰ֮⾡ԡ
ãɱˣذȻڤЦɱæ󺰣ӣֿӣ
е˷ɢԶӱ
ʱȴԪӤŲӴʶ˳ڵغɨ
ݶɽʯ͹λãסĪʶҲ
ۡ쵰쵰ڷǸǳӴܣΣԼȻҲһ˵ӰӣڸȷûԶΪղ̫Աֻһ˲䣬ղŷֳһעǸõͼĵϣûɵģûɲģܲôġ
һʱ䣬һҪĳ嶯
Ϸɫ֮£˫ۺɫĵʱһ
䡣
ڵϣȴûпӰⲻ֪ղǡһݵıϣըݳҲһ
ʱڷ·˿һ㡣
㲻Ϸͱĵ˸ĹâȻ䣬Ϸһڳɵĵ֮ƾճ֣Źɷֱɸߵͣ塣
䣡
޽ֱӴ壬˫һǾ޽ҲȻһʱмѿ

ڵѵ˲䣬һ˿˿봦͸ѵĵط˳
ãʦڱչأ


059 ɫ׼
ţͻƣԪӤ
С΢΢һ˿Ц⡣
ಣ
͸С϶죬Ŀڳŵɽȥ
ʦˣҪȥʦݹ˲ô࣬һȻ˹ȥճ嵽ֻٴλ֮廯ʱ򻹳УüĿ£ǡõ˹ؼʱ̡
䡣
޽û˿ĺԶϣԶ﷢һҽУӶʱǿ촷ۣޣѾݣܺãˡ
ھ޽֮Ȼ̮ģǶȻ䣬Уһâɣֻĳ֮УһȭͷСԪӤڻ͡

еĽȻһȫӿԪӤڣԪӤѾģ廯˭
Զһ˲ͻˣͻƵԶۣȴԼѾûˡ
ǡͻˣϷãԪӤǿǴ֮ﰡڲϲһЦ
ԶûгѽоѹɫѾһֻƳԪӤֶȥݣʱһߣ˵һھŲ㣬ʵڹʲôв
޴һһգסԪӤȻٴ˻
ţ
ڶµɫͻȻһ䣬ɿƣûԪӤӰԪӤһ䣬ƾʧ
ݿܣĪ˵ѾΪ裬һ⳯Զɶݡ
Сߣڷŭ֮࣬²ֽţΪʼգֻڳСﻹӵͼϷŹ
ϵʿҪţͽܵĿռ䣬ǰһʦͻƣԪӤȶʧʱ㻹ҪڱΧĿռ䣬ʧҪ
Īп䱸ԶԪӤ˵
ԶȻֻ֪ͻʱȻܵػȻͻˣҲˣ䣬ֻһȫɫĿֲ˺İͽǺɫ˶ֵʱͻȻһɿռֱ֮Ӱ͵ɵĿռ䡣
ԶûĪҲͣѾʼ֣ɫӰʼһӡֻǼʱ䣬Īָһ㣬ʱȭͷСԪӤΧһɵĹ֣ԪӤϵɢĽɫֺ޷ȥֻССķΧζֱԪӤսȥ
ʱ档
СޣƾΪҪϷǰӣԹóͼϷ㲻ݸոճڣʮɽУ㴫һըף
žѪ˻ѾǺ޵ǣɣɱʦʦͬţѪ𲻹죡
СɱңϷɱ㣬Լȡͼ
ڲмЦȻ
ݵıһͨڣɢڤɷĵ֮ڿᣬȻԹٻݣ
ҲѾʧȥģ
쵰ֱ쵰֮ĪƴᱻȼҲҪˣ
𷴿ñĪд󼱣ݸûеֿ֮ǱǾ޽Уɢ
ಡ
ͻȻһ⣬ݵĶͷȻûݵĶͷڣһ˲䣬ѾĪУݵ꣬Լʶ
𣬾ƾԪӤŲɱ𣬼ֱ룡
Ȼȫһ𣬷·һƵģݵͻȻֹͣУڰ֮Уֱӻĵ֮ͳڡ
罣Ųɣ·ǵȨ֮壬߹٣
ʱڷȴŭȫɢƣ˲ұӣȻ䡣ϣ
һĽ
ң񽣻ɵľ޴񽣣ֱɱߣƳ죡
ңȻǱ֮
·С̴ֽţɱĵ֮˲䱻ң񽣻ɷ飬ң񽣳棡
ңȥƲֱӺڱ
¶ֵ̿ɫʲôΪʲôŲСʿΪʲôһ̱ôǿ
Ҳġڻ䣬䣡
ңֱӴ̴ڵȻ䣬ڱֵӻȻѣһĴɽ
һĺɫԪӤϴԹ޺ͲʣҲģϷģ
ɫ׼֮ħ֮𣬴ȼһеڤɣ


060 ʹĴ
ڵԪӤͻȻڳƣȻ鷢ˣһص忪ʼƯڰУѪҺȻһڵĻ棬һϸ濪ʼۣһľСĻ棬Ȼݡ
ãڤ֮𣬹ȻǷųˣĪд󾪣ݵҪѡ
Īб壬ȼĻ㣬ղǿһΪ˲ʩչĻᣬû뵽ǹܴɡ
ҪܣѣڵĴҲǼΪʹԪӤ˲ȥ˫ѿԹޡ
أ
һڤ֮ȻѣϸСɽ֣մľݵ˲ήգȥ
ݵҲһϸСĻǣʱĪзһҽС
ң֮һϢ
ಡ
Īסʹݵգʧ˲䵽˼ĵط
쵰쵰ƾռʧȥݵӰʱҲ˲ʲôͼ֮ˣΪûдﵽڣԪӤضᾫԪɢڵԪӤĴһۣæڷƶҪ˶ᣬ
ʦ壬ʦ壬ǵĻڴˣ߿֮ϣһȺ۵Уһңɽţ
֪ˡأ˵֮һݵϵӥۣ˫Ŀڣȴڵʦ廯
ǿϹȥ廯ĵǲѣ˹ȥ
ʦ壬㿴ȻһָԶЩ
ô£廯üתͷȥȻ˫һɫӰӣӰ˲ŴһɲǼѾû廯塣
廯һӿеȥ
ʦ壬ʦ壡Ӷʱæķȥ˭廯ڣһԪӤſЦϷþңڵʿϷò˶ãͿԻָ۷״̬ˡ

ïܵĴ֣Ĳݴ˺ĿҶȻ˼ʱȴһ۵꣬ɫҰףĺ£촽԰ףһڵʹķš
﷢˺ѷε˻ʹ˫ֺҵĴȴ޷һ˿ʹ
ĪУĪôˣʶݾʧĿĪУĪдʱ˳λãʶڣݿĪеɫӰԽԽӰϾȻȼĻӰգĪеʶʹķͬݵһ㣬˻ҹ
ݡĪеҲûаѵĸоϵһϢˣձɽݸеһʹġ
ĪУĪôˣʶڣݵ嵽Īǣȴֻظһ䡣
ҪңС𣡡ĪæһЩܵݡ
ĪСЩʣݵļĪţûǱ
ĪУΪʲôҪΪʲôҪң㲻ҾͲģ㻹ˣΪʲôҪңݵſǻ꼸ĪеǰǸڲݴз꣬ᡣ
ҡҳŵãȻ磬Ͳ¡ĪҲ˵ˣֹͣ˷ǿϵĻȼյʹ࣬ǿѹסеʹ࣬ӰޱȵࣺݣţҸоҸоҲٿɳˣǺǣǧ꣬վҪȥ޷ֻء
ĪУ˵氡ݿӰ°ѾȼմֻϰӰӵĵˡ
ûõģ𣬱ҵĻĪҡҡͷ˧ӢŤţǱ촽ѵĹһ˿ЦĵԺ·ҪԼˣţȻٶȾˣľġȿȡ
Īж϶˵ûˣȼĪе壬ȴ·ûиܵһ㣺ݣסһ;ľҪУҰе֪ʶȫ㣬ԺԺҪԼˣסսǱܡУȥ
ȻһתͻȻþִټ񣬶ĪͻȻֱݵ˫
䣡
ֻеԺһ羪ը𣬶޾ϢƬͬˮӿݵԺ䣬ݶʱѣιȥ
֪˶ãӰӱȼմǲȻͷȻعޡ
ڣ
ڤ֮Ϩݵʶιȥֻ꣬ʣһɫɫ㾧Өʧݵʶ·Ҷ
ݻģ·˯ȥˣԺﻹӿϢֻһжҪˣֻּ֪䣬һ翷·ƶ˴
ݣԺ᲻ǵãйһĪеѡ
ǲǵáһĪеѡ
ѡ
Ժصɢ


061 ɽ
ҹ٣ûһ˿â
Ƶģݻ˫ۣϻųۡ
ĪУĪСͷؽᣬһӵʧǵģֻšĪС֡
Ժң˺ܶණĪļӴ纣ݸоԺҳһŽȴû˼ȥԺ¡
еʹΪǸаġһһڡ𡱡ݳСӱǸ˧
ǸأΪʲô˵ˣΪʲô
ͻȻЩĺ쳱޾ĺҹΪʲôΪʲôĪУ˵ѽô˵˰

һ񱩵ӿ˳ʱԵĹľҵ˻ԵĴֱӱΪ촷ۡ
ǺǣǺǡʧȥе㱵ɵЦţ·ûε
ҹĻ£ֻʣ¹¼ŵġɳɳɳǶ϶ɵЦ޾ҹΨһĵ׺
ʬ⣬ݺĿεֻţĵš
һʱǹʱǲ֪ˣȻ
ͨ
ݽֱǰ̤ȥɽ̤ʵصĸоٵʧˣһΪȻ޷Ӧ̤յµȥ
ڷ𣿻ȥµݽеһ˿ģܸܵߺХľ磬·Լڼ׹˼ά˼ţɵЦš
أ
ײʲôݵȻһͣȻڷ֮ȥµµ
ʵصĸоݸоˣоԼڹţͬһԲ¹кܶʯܼȴβݵƤ
µµͨ
ٴθеԼһգȻˮһ̣ݸоȫůݣ·ع鵽ĸ׵Ļ
ƣݣ·ܵ˰˯ˡ

ǧɵ£۵͸ڣֱ档
һտɽʯɽĸڣһ޴ˮأˮˮȻ׵ģͬţһ㣬ʱˮ¶һԴʪĳȴǻ㱣ڵӿնûн࣬ãȻɽ
ݸˣһֱڣȻ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ㱣ԺڻǾ仰ݣ᲻ǵãйһĪеѡ
ĪУҵѣԶǡݷӵһᣬˡʹ
ݵļҲĸӰԶһˣһ˷ܶһ˰̯һ˻ؼңһ˳Էһ档
Ǹֺ˽Ȼı仯˵˽̸˱
ʦѣˣȴʤˣХҲûĪеĵλ
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ݣĵһλʦûԶ̾ȴ˵
ûݿնų˵ɣͻȻһʦοˣڤ֮꣬Īôܡ
ΪʦôƭأԶɴ˵űԼǵ㣡
Լæʶ̽˽ȥɵĿռڣ˾ʯЩӰ˵ĶʣԶԪӤԶңָ봦
ɨ˹ȥɵմȴһ⣬⾧ӨɢĹ貣һԱζر
ǵͬһ㣬顢顢飬ּᶨ
ʦһ춯صĴܣѾǿֵزǲ𣡡Զĵĸ̾һֻ̾ھͬ״̬û˼άֻάֲɢ𡣡
ûͺãûͺáЩûϣ
ݵ飬Զο
ݣ㲻ӦǷϡ
Ҷˡݵͷ棬ĪеĻԺݼסһ;ľҪУҰе֪ʶȫ㣬ԺԺҪԼˣסսǱܡУȥ

һȥݻȻˮվǼᶨңһҪ𣡡
Ѫ뱨ֻһеǰҪ㹻ʵڵݣ˵ɱڣǺɷݶв
ݲçײǿȥƴԶʵҪʵҪǿ
սǱܣĪ˵ļܣãҾѡսǱ֣ѡٴȥ
ţʲôָɵݣȻɽһݴɢĹâǰݴֱӰ棬һһ㡣
ղ㱣ûעΧ龰ڣȴϸĵĲˡ
ಣ
ݸ߸Ծ𣬶ʱǸС棬һöָСһָƬƬ£ѹסһŷƵֽš


062 򣬽
ƬӨ͸ⰵתƷ
ƬϸۿֽţֽĸԾĴ֣īµ±÷ףݿһЦﻺ߶Եˣ
ƬѵǱôһֽЦЦҪȥŷƵָֽֽ֪ű㻯ΪĩƮߡ
ⶫ̫ˡҡҡͷһΣɽĵϡ
·һʯϣϰĦƬԶʵʦ֪֪Ƭʲô
ƬѵǡԶЩѵǴ˵е򣿣
Ǵ˵еͽͷˣǴ߲ͨſıһ㶼ǹĵõ֪ʶأõĹǾͷˣ
ԶҲû򣬲ȴ֪ͶҪԪӤڲſҲŸոմﵽԪӤڣһ١
ǹԷûеô˷ܣݻ˭ĹԱĪеĻţ˭ĵĪеôǿԶĻ󣬶ʱûжȤζ
˼ζĻ㻹㣿ԶҡͷЦЦ룬һһ￪ٳ޾ռĴʦ϶гǿĹĪае֪ʶϢȫݣֻҪѹݲġ
뵽⣬ԶҡҡͷЦԼǶˣԭԼı˵֮ǰʦǿԼûȡ
ˣʦôʹãԶŵʱȴһ˿Ȥʵ
룬಻ѹѧϰһ㶫кôġ
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ʽһʽиɻڶʽâ¶ʽ豹档
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ݵĿüᶨ
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ʱ
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۵ľ󣬶ʱһԼϣµɽλõһɽţԼôģ̫ˣ
ݿ˿ɽïܵĹݺһŴټϴ϶ѵĴ֦뵽ԼǵʱպȻ֦ġ
Լֱ̫ˡԼò̾ԼôɽɽԵõĽʵ̫ˡ
ţȻɫһ䣬ܵɽһƬ޾ӿܶ񱩵
ĪУɽ¡˵һ룬ʱͣѾϰʲôԾľһĪˣĨĨӣ¶һ˿ɬȻԶʵʦʲôط
⡭ԨԶݣôˣ
ĪǰʩչңһϢġ˵ԨʲôطΣգ
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063 ޼ƻ
һ׾𣬶ĽѾ൱ԪӤΪ׸ǳΪѹԶЩš
Ҫ֪޴ԸײУټ޴ǿᣬѹһ޾ۼ˸Զ
ԭˡ˼ڵ¶ȵ飬ͻȻ뵽һ뷨
Ī˵սǱܣҪɱſԱƷģҪھսǱܣȻȫͱһδεսսѪĲɱһδ
˼⣺Ҳ˵ұ뾭һδսſƿսǱΪãսҪսֻŻᱬǱص
Ҹȥսȥߣ뷨вͨΨһİ취սԨҵĻᣬҲ
ԨҪҵԼͬȼ޼ֱ練ƣǿᣬǡøԼѹѹŻжſԱƷҵսǱܣҿϤ
ҪԼƶһ޼ƻҪǿʵǰδеĶĿ
ʱͻȻ뵽Ǹˮأ˹ȥݶ̷׵ˮأɫ¶˼֮ɫ
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ȫƣѷˮһ֮󣬲ָҲ࣡
ңϲˮأݸұ֤Լļ޼ƻӵķḻԼʵԸٶȱǣ
ڴʯϣúţʼԼԼļ޼ƻ
ǰԨɱǱܣˮָƣȻŻָƵĿյĪдԼԺϢңľϰҹңͷ齣裬°ҹ
ݰԼʱ䰲ŵġ
ö⣬һԼ壬û˿һңѾԼ·۶ȥ
ͽСģԶص˵
֪ˣʦݵͷ

ұܣᵤһޣǾ޴ȫʯǿҪͣΨһ㣬ٶȽ
ѡĵһĿꡣ
ͣͣұſ죬絶׳˫ĴԼţܵ˵⣬ԼǰһСĵ⡣
е⣬ɱ޼ķʽΪ򵥣϶е⣬ôս
ұܺһݡ
ӡ̩ɽѹ
аȣ֮ϣһӡ۳ΣӡХ£ΧľХĿѹ䣬ұܱ׾ӻδüӦ㱻С
䣡
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𡭡ŭұܷŭĴʯг˳ֻ׳ݣʱɫֳγֻ޴ֱۣ޴ʯ
ң
飬ɫֱ۵ļ϶Ȼһ⣬ƽұܡ
֮ѣ
ң񽣻һ콣âХұܣ貣
ͣ
ǺųƷ˵ұܣ㣬˲䱻նͷ­
ң񽣣޼᲻ݣǰһֱ̣ң񽣴ûзӹ£Ϊ±¶Էſֽˡ
Ī˵ңϻû˿ƻĹԾҪȡԼۺȣԽǿң񽣷ӵƻԽǿŲۺȣƿᵤһķ
һ磡
ұӦǻɫͫ׵ɵϴȴûȥᣬһңұܵһУȻһץ
ʱұܵظһŸ뵰СĻɫڵڵ̺ۺ
ֻнᵤΪſ۵ڵ޵ľڣͬᵤߵĽһ㡣
һڵ塣
̫ˣһǿһޣƲԼǱܣҡҡͷѰĿ꣬˼⣺ҲãƲսǱܣԵڵҲǲģ
һ졣
ٴսΣһδΪأϧǲûбƳսǱܣȴռöڵȫȾѪɫ԰Уսܵصơ
ɽڣڵϣֱԾˮأʱһůĸоɫҺ忪ʼðһϸСݣһưɫҺз룬ݵʼ޸ơ
ʱȫ飬ÿ׾ſһˬ졣
Ŀѵõ⣬ݳῪʼԺƵӴϢ֪ʶ
һʱ΢΢һ𣬶Ȼ䣬ĵһ¶ͷ·Ԥʲôǵġ
ͻƣͻƵף


064 ǿٱǿ
ϢݻȻۣųŨҵϲ֮ɫô죬ȻҪᵤˣ
ͽѪսټΪŨˮȪʹôﵽھŲ۷ֱԽƿﵽͻƵҪ
Ҫ⣬æ壬ʼͻƣ
ңľľĲͬڽᵤڵı仯Ժֳ︡ңľʱֻҪѹɽ𵤱ǳɹ
ҪĽȴͬ
ķãһӿңУң񽣶ʱڽڵһңУһС̵ָɫԪȻڽݵ壬ֱӳڵĵڷȥ
Ԫͬ꣬һСԪңһ֡
ʱ򣡡ץ񣬿ںƵʼۣɫʼתѹȻ
ʼ仯ʱɫĽԪȻɫ˲ûԪ
ʱ仺
ݷѹۣʱ⣬ɫĳˮĹ޾ɫӳˮֳ︡ӿݵۺԮݡ
ڡ
ڵ޾ڡ
֪˶ãڽͣɫֳһͨɫСԽԽȫɫС֮С

âǣɫСâһһ£Ȼ͡
ңľĲ֮ͬĽ״Բ򣬶һͣݵĽ𵤣ںңĽԪһң֮øĬ
ۣ⽣âб
гңݾȻԸܵңĲ飬Ѿܵڵ겨ܵݵĿ⣬ңȻͨĲһ󻶿
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ݸŵɫСŻת΢΢Լǰһ
ңľȻڲͬһóһöڵϸϸ棬ﰵ롣
𡭡磬ҪȻݵؿڳһ⣬ǰĿͨʨʱݵֳڵϣһֻСĴСʨ̡
С졣簮
𡭡С˦˦СʨͷȻȲһԾԾˮݵĻֺһĲݵţ𡭡
һ˫СצŤŤĶȻָڵһֿûȵţȴֲȥãǸ飬̿
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𡭡СԾڵϣȻ͵סڵƨߵҵһ䣬ȥ
ҡͷЦЦСҪʲô
ǽСȴݾˣֻСһ£ڵµУȻСȻС죬һɾ޴ϯڵ
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ڵڻСۿɼٶ
ݾȵֱվ㶵ĿСıݡ
ĸܵСʵʼǣСƷһ˲侹ȻﵽŲٽ㣬ȻƶʱڵڻӿСڣСƿʼѵһ㣬һ㡣
·ޣƺǿҡڲͣһǻһֻˣڵѾ꣬ڵֻʣĩ㣬ۿ֧Ųס
Сһ˿ļС
СͻƣݾٱҲ֪СҪͻˣʱҴ⣬æٴͳһöڵӵСϿա
С쿴󵭺һ˿ϲʨٴſһ㣬һӴ¶öڵܵҲʼڻȵС
Ȼ
Сϵ㣬ڵõǿĺԮȫȻٴһͻٳ߸ͷһڳǵޡ
СʼǣȻСһԾͨһС֮ٶȴʼӿڣСȻûٴ󣬿ȴĹâȴӱǵʼСͨԸܵСڣγһöڵ
ڵڵתŶСʵȻᵤһ㡣Ⲣǽ


065 ˫ͷī
СȻڵʵڻڣöڵĴСʵᵤһ۷塣
ԶԶǽ
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ѪӡƽЧˣ
Ƭ̺
Сʵﵽͬһ߶ȣǽᵤһڡ
СǾŽޣͻûƿֻҪ㹻ͿͻƳɳֻҪԴԴϵṩڵͿͻƣȻѪӡǿԼƽ⣬һԼʵͲõģΪѾǩԼʵûиãԼΨһҪľǣѷãңͷ齣裬СսǱܣ
ݿʼ˼սǱҪսҸպýǱܵսɱռڵȻṩС죬̫ˣ
ڵĶС죬ʱСƤëëȻ
С죬ˣݳȥСһܱ
𡭡Сһ޹ʱͷݵ
СߣԨһ췭ظֱӿСıϣǰơ
С죺
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Ҳñôǽ԰׷ģǧñһʱĺãţûС޹
硣СıĳˣŶڷɱȥ
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Сٶȷɿ죬СжУСʨӲǧɵ£С쿴ûֱӾͳȥ
СæСѾһң񽣣ôߵ£ֱȥȻˣҲѪ˲ǳ
磬ҲɡС޹ݣȻİõĲݵļϣǵɫĴУһĨ
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֪ˣұͲ붯ֵġСɵĵͷ
ݣ

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ڰ䣬ֻ΢ĹߣΪû⣬Щʪ
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ԭ䡢ڰĵطȻҫɹâУһ貣ĵط
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˻𡭡˫ͷīԼȻܵƣʱŭŭȳζ
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䣡
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ߵĹѵδȷ˹ŵȳζûԵȥ
óһüңһͬȣһ紵˫ͷīߵ˫ͷ֮䴩˹ȥһ˹ȥ
䣡
һ𻨣޴ŭŤˣǸܵƣڴڼȷŭ


066 ս
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ž
ճɵľβ֮ͬеޣ»գȻµٶڿ𵴳ۿɼĲƣ
̫ˣֻ֣ͷһ޴ĺӰȻԼϱ㴫һǿҵĳʹԼȻ䱻ҳɣ
䡭
ݵǿƵĺɣײŵľڵϣһ˿ѪеŴһɻʹ
ͷһֻϰۼȫãȻ¶ⰵıףԶ͸ݵıϱףڵ˫ͷīһ֮󣬱ϱ׶ʱȥһ֮Ƕôǿ
һҿűףԼסһ
ݲûжʱңΪ
ɳɳɳ
˫ͷīٶȼ죬ڵٻͬһɫ绮ƿȻȻһŵķ֮߸ߵ𣬾β߸߳·Ȼ
Х
ݵһϾɱݲҵȻӵ浯ңһ˹ȥ
أ
춯أ޴βڵϣʱϳһǧɳľ޴֣ľȥƾˣ𾪡
𣬺𣡡
˫ͷīȷ¶Ϊ֪ǰ̫ãҲǻ۵ģ
˫ͷīֱԼٶѹݣ˫ͷīѲһǶٶȣ
ٶȼ죬ƶٶȻǱٶȣ
޼᲻ݣ޿첻ƣ
ٶѹһУ
쵽£Ȼǿƥݱǿ˫ͷī߱ƵǱм֮ҿңĪ⣬Ƿޱȣһδھʱ̻Ϊģ˫ͷīһʱ侹ȻԻɱݡ
ҲбҲеʱ
һӡ
ݻȾѪ£ܲǳˡ
𡭡Сʱżˣڱϼھ˫ͷīߣֻдھ߿ûжв
˫ͷīߴпС̣ﴫСңһ߿
ƴҪƳսǱˡ
Ȼ˫ͷīѾŭɶˣ
츳Ӱǧˣ
ݷ־޴˫ͷīȻββӰǵݣͬһſ񱩵ĻһݵĿ϶
˫ͷīߣֱʹԼı츳ͨ
ĻӰһʱ֮ʣǱһˣݾбϱףҲᵤʹ츳ͨԵֵסġ
ҪҪ𣿣ݵͫ׽ɴ󣬲ģսǱܣҪ
Ȼ䡣
ݵӾȻһģȻΧͻȻһŴռƺֹˣʱӽֹˣֻʣβӰڻʱ£¶˿յԭ޼϶Ļʱŵһ̣һ©
˫ͷīߵıٶȾٿ죬⼸ʮ¹ҲͬʱųǶʱģȻԺԲƣʱ֮£϶ȴ
սǱܣһγˣԭӦúܼǵսǱֵܳһ̣ǰδеƽ
ˢˢˢ
αңת£˲ѾӰΧĻ޽ӽֹݵļٶγĶԱȡ
ݴʱڵͫû˿쳣ͣں˫ͷīϣߴ֮Ψһװߡ
㣬ڷ㡣
ߴߴ磬һװǷ˵˫ͷīΨһ㣡
ȴӶסһװߣǰװ߷·ͻȻˣռߡ
ɱ
ݵ³Ȼݻң˽һ£һ軮ؿռ䣬İװߴХȥ

˺ѵɼ˴ֱӴѪУȻٴѪɽ
¡
ӦȻ


067 
ݵʶʼģһתٴλָ
һƣĸоϮȫǿһ˿ŵ棬ɳľ޴Ѿû
סȫľʹңʼи˫ͷīߵʬ壬ʧķ٣ݵңǿǿƿۼףõһŲ̵ڵ
ûȥˣС죡ЩƣСɵĽݵ壬ʱСȥһ¶ݵӡ
ŻָһЩ
Ȼȫʹƣ벻ȴǼΪ˷ܣΪһηӳսǱˣһõס
лصɽһͷˮʱˮؿʼ޸ݵƣ΢΢ۣԺﲻϻŸղսǱܱ龰ռ·ʱ仺£߸Ĳ׽СĶΪ侲
ԺطŸղս龰ҪסսǱܵ״̬
СǱһڵ
ݵһԼļƻˮ޸ƵʱѡǲսǱܣ䣬䣬ݰϣԭңľʱϢΪˮغС죬㲻ңľҲ
ʱ󻯣ȡ˷һʱ䣡
ʱţݰռ޼ƻзĽš
Ԩ
һĺһ貵Ľ⻮գһ죬һ޴䵹ȥ
ᵤŲ㴩Ʊ
ɫž޲û˿ݣһӣң˺ѴƱȻһöɫڵ塣
ˢ
һкû˿һͬһӰʧԭأһ̣Ԩһŭ޺
ǣ𵤾Ų㣡
ԭָƽȻһ䣬ͫʱ俪ʼͣͣûٶȼĽǴʱͬţһһץÿһëӳݵԺ
ಣ
ң֣ʱǵĲһĨĳ˸Ŀ죡
ۣ
Ȼ䣬ָֻǻǰҧƣֻĲһעѪȪȻͷ­µȥ
ң˺ظһöɫڵһץһȡʧС
ٴʧԶ
ԨΧʼﲻ޷ŭŭ𣬿һ⣬ŭãİͺȻص
ʱɱߣȣٶȼ죬ԨΧεֻҪǽᵤڵޣҪܵݵƣȻһУһɱ
ÿ춼жȹһδıԵǻΪջġ
Ȼÿһ춼ƳսǱܣʱƵԽãÿλָʱڲݼսǱƵԽԽߣ󣬾ڿԿʩչսǱܡ
ڣˮصİڵС죬ݵʵҲٶ꣬ݴӽᵤһһԾﵽ˽ᵤ㣬ٶȣԶҲĿɿڴֱԼͽǸӱ̬
ջԶԶֹЩ
ĽսǱܣҪ㷨ˣ˵ңһԾͻƵһؾ确ͥŲɣﵽڶؾ确һϢ齣ͻƸΪ죬ΪᵤԵʣݺңĬܿڶء潣ӡﵽ̩ɽѹĴɡ
Ҫǡ
־䣬עطͱ䣬ΪĿǰֶԼЧֶСгɾͣڡ޼᲻ݡݻûʱȥУʹˣݶԸܵԼǿı
ٿʱ
ɱ¾
ݴ˿̻ħ֮ѪĴԭ侲Ͽʼ÷
ɱɱɱ
ݶ룬𵤾Ų㣬жأ綾
ôһֻʿŷɥޣʱȻ䱻âģսԭӱͨ죬Ѫ˿
ɷţڣȥɱɱɱޣѪĴڷйѹֲסĳޣ
ɱ¾ɱ¾
ݣݣľҪ߻ħԶｹѣԼĵ츳һѪȻɻΪвҲħʱ򲻿룡
ԶݵԺը𣬶ʱǰͻȻĸоĸоֱӿݵԺʹݵ˫ָ
侲̾Ϣһɱ¾תصɽ
ˮˮûеɫڵĳˮܵеȫչˡ
һѾˣǰ«ԴܺһֱЯ«ﴫıڵ¶ңԶĻ䣬ԺֳһٻӰ˪ѩ
㻹ѽૣãͷɵɵǲϲˣΪʲôҸоһأ


068 
ݳǣһķ
ڽֱߵĿջȺһֻĸо
ûָоˣֿԸоԼڵĸоԴں󣬱ûл׽磬źԼɱ˰֮á
⣬Щ㱣ƺԼ׽ԽԽԶˡ
ûмԨٴҲûʲôˣˮѾľսǱҲգʵҲﵽᵤ㣬ﲻжپݹϵ뿪¡
һƻǡ
ɷűоԵģڣĪлٵʱݲһϣжԹȫ
ֻڴ֮ǰݻһݳǣ׵ϢԼԺٻˡ
ݾɵǣʱݳǣưӿ֮ϣʱɹһ⣬Ҵææǰټ
ʲôʱ߲չضôϲˣ
۵˵ЦĽջݵע⣬ΪϣһɲݲŰעϡ
׽Ҳˣݰ
꣬һΪĸͷߵһӣΧ˲мһģǿЩͬϵķˣܺЩ׷ʿȡ
СеĺóԵȫŪ
˳£˷ܵĽ̸ҲԼΧ˽磬ǲǵ̸
һھƣʶѾ֪뵽ڣСĽ磬˵ûЧϾʵǡ
ио֮ǻԾ⣬߳϶ԭġ
ʦܣǧѽе߶ˣȫӿȥˣ
ѽ˵ݳǵһɷŵɷҲȥˣ˭ֵܵס
ǿɾֻܿˣҪᱦҲҪڣЩӣҲֻȥֶѣǻһɡ
˵ɷôôǿڶˣ˵ڿеꡮʿһˡµĻڴġ
˵ɷ˰֣˭Ͳ֪ˣҲΪ֣ԺɷǱԱըˣҲںɷջָȥݣҪһ
ȻݳǺǿǱԪ½Ĵȫ˳Ҳȥո֡
²Ľ̸ûзݺʱǵıϡ
λܸܲҾ巢ʲôѽЦһ˵ļ˵
ˣңһû˵أǱĵһ˽˷ܣȴеһֻ֣ʱᷳĵٴתͷ̸ʱȴͻȻסˣ¶𾪵ɫ
ֹȫסˣɴ۾˵Ŀݣʲôʱ򴩹ԼĽԼıϵģ
㡭㡭˲֪룬ָݣ¶ֻ֮ɫ
ϢǵĽǱϣΪ϶ҪӵģҪ֣Եֵ
ǱģҲʿֻǶǸղܺ棬Ҹճأ֪緢ʲô£ʼ磬ʾԼûж⡣
һЦԭ񰡡
ݵĻǲŷԭһչ̫õɢޣ£ֻҪ߿¶֪ˣⶼܣ˵ȥҲ޷
˺ܴ󷽵ĵλ֣˵һ£
˹ء
Ǳ𣿣˵
㶼֪˻Ҹʲô
Ҹղ˵ģҲ֪̯̯֣ʾԼ޹
ģǰݵͻȻһϼֱϼһһҹûɢҫһһҹͬ磬ϼʱߵע⣬Ϊ϶һı´磬ŷ׷׳
Ҳĳ˵ǺǿɽҪȥݿһһǧı󣡡֪ݸΪҪͽᣬ֪޲˵
ԭһ˿⣬ɷҲȥǣܺãԼĸƻҪ䶯ˣ˼ƻ
Ŀĵأݣ
һҪгˣҲϣܲܵõǧ겻ı
λ֣ʱĸطԪ½ݣÿһݵĵǼΪʵ
꣡


069 
ɽ࣬㲼λԲݺᣬߵ¶Ƚϻ಻ĵͰ¡Ԫһ꣬ꡣ
дԣǧһʴۣΪԪ½һλɽڸ֣ڴ˶٣ȹؽ׺ڵھŵ֮ϣɢڹ֮ϣһӢվ죬Ϊ˼ǧһۣذѴΪ꣬Եˣ
֪˭׽磬֡ꡣ
ʱַǷϣϣЩ׽ﱻײβǣȴʱ׷׳֣ۼꡣ
һеԭ򣬾Ϊ콵󣬱
һʱ䣬꣬ʱֹâҫϵ¾ˡ
𺳲ѵǣ֮ϣһֻɵͣ޴˫Ķȫɢ֮ױϣʮʿž޲ıϥ
ϣͨɢСɽСϹޱϣͬʮ棬Уһɵľ޴ϣҲʮ˱Ϣ
Щ޳֣Ǵлޣʱ˴ϢĹߡ
զֳ࣬ǵһμ̫ˣ磬ԶԶûԼô򵥣ԼǸûмһ㡣
ԭôǿĴڰ
զͬʱһɽϣջرͿƽԼʵѹ˽ᵤһ㣬ڵĽֻѹôͣϾŸո԰Լسͨˣ
Ϊ˷ֹȱɷǷ֣һɫһۣΪء
˶Ĭûݵĵû˳
ҶֻϥϢԼ˿̱״̬½½һ˷䣬ҲеļԦͣڵϣֻ޸Ŀŵͣϡ
ٳֻɺףֻһֻɢϢľ޴ͨ͸䣬͸¶һɺ⡣
ϣȴǳȹɴһȺŮӡ
ʦЩϲʶݰԴˣͷԶ˵
ȫˣԶҲЩ𺳣Ԫ½ţжɣȫˣ
յĽ׶޲׺֮ϵģһ֪֮һɺţͬĽ׶ķ컢ϵˣ֮һĶڣ֮Ǳ鼶Ʒ轣֮ϵģ֮һɣ
ŵҲȫˣԺ׵ˡźʿඥɣĽмѩ캮֮ϵǻӣڵȵȣȫˣҪСˣһɢ
֪ˡݰզ࣬ջģ÷Ʊã߻ӣ˵һһĴܣ
ţȷҪ͵׶֣
ʱ仺ţ˾ʮĵĵȴ콵ڽʱ䣬ѷ˺ɷӰʱĺɷʱţīһСɽ𾲹䡣
סҪȥ˺ĳ嶯Լɽ֮ϣȴ
˿϶ᣬʱŻڣһٻɱɷâ۵Ϣ
ʱ򣬴򶨾ҪʿǾǵˣٲֲֵģҲ
ҿƹ˳ǧʿʿ´Χסֹ꣬ͨ˴
ֹ죬ڴҿʼĸʱ

λãͻȻһ޴Ĺ֣һҫ۵ĽȻӵص³޴Ľ˱ǿҵĽ̵ۡ
ˣˣ˼ˣ
ʿǼæ״̬ת⣬ʹӾʱȻζ߳𣬾ǼԦڰС
ԭž޲ϸֳ˲ѹֲסĻȣʱǴܻǲ񣬾ṵ̂Ŀ궢·ǵˣ
ĵʱ̵ˣ
ˢˢˢˢ
ԴҪȴģʱÿһ붼ڻš
ҲһԾڿУֻȴûںɷϷɹ
Զûг֪֮Լʵ»ûõͱ˸ҷˡ
䣡ȻĲ봦ǵȻĴȥ֩ƣӣѷ촦Ȼһ⣬ȸղŵĽҪҫۣ



070 ӡ
ٶȼ죬˲ϸ߿գ
Ǻӡʴ۵ķӡ
иΪ߾ڣʴ۳ƷĺӡΪ顢
Ʒǿķʴһӡ֮ܵУǧһ۵û뵽ʴ۶ɽʧܣȻѺӡꡣ
գǧ֮õڳˣ
е߷ˣˣҶڲ²ⱦﵽʲô˭Ҳ벻ⱦﾹȻǡӡ
ǿƷķʴ۴ȫǿ⺳ӡһһʽģ⺳ӡǺεȵı̬
ӡų޼᲻ݣû˵ֵסһ֮
һҪõһҪõ
ʿ˫۳Ѫĳ߿գӡ棬ʱǧ꣬Ҳ
õӡпܳΪһǧһʴۣɾ
ɱɱ񣡡ȳȥʿץסõʱ˱ȳڣ
ȴɱķ׵λʿϻŷֻһߣȻһС
䣡
ǿʿҲ
ɱ¾һչ
ЩԼʵҶԺӡ˵ʿ·ɶ˻Ȼ׷ȥÿ˽ӽ⣬ǱĬɷ顣
ɱ쳹أ
ȴʱʱ̹̿עɷɷʱ򻹱һ˿ǣڳǧȺУȴʼΧεûгǰ档
ӡ·һ㣬Ͽε÷׷ܻ飬صɱ
ȴЩһۣһΪκ˵עӣҪȡģΪҲҪ𵤾Ų㣬ֻڻңݵжûκ˵ӡ
ҶͷӬһ㣬ϸĹ۲죬ȴһƽǸ۵Ӱ
ڣݾɷʮɣɷоĿһۣݵΪʱʱΧǻ
ɷڵˣɱȫƶȻ£
ɱȻͻȻһң񽣣ңĹȻ䱩ǳɰɣȣ˲ƽɷ
ɱ
µ񽣱ҫâճŷɱƣɨһеֱ
ãɷڷӦǰȫںµʿһ֮ᵤŲʵҲľȻԼʲôʱֲˣⲻӰĵֿ
ͽңɷ˳ץסϵѾͻƵᵤī䣬ֱӳǵâ˹ȥԼﻹʲô
ȫ£ٶ˲䱬һߣ֮زز
ʦҪīʵİԹԼʦǿѾ˹
䣡
µû˿ԥֱӰī촷ֻۣī޾Թ
ɷܣȫֲĸ߶ȣΧ˶ʱסȻЩʿƣݵģȴ쳣£ټݸûҪȡļûҪֲ֮ˣʿǷ׷ÿֱӱȥҪ׷ɱɷ
Լʲôʱ·ɱ񣿣ɷ޵Ķˡ
ɷٶȲңȻ쵽£Ҫ׷ҲףϾ̫࣡
ɾҪʩչһϢʱ
ǺӡͻȻƤһתȻ߷˹ʱʿ˹
źǵɷʿǣݵҲŵľЩںӡǰǺûǵķӣ
Ҳ˲׷ɱɷˣæǱԼҲ붯ζݿûйϡ
ʱǷ׷׷ˣ
䣡
ǧɵȻһȺʿϿգȻɱʮʿЩʿٶǽڣ
һߣһֻɵɺȻڷ׷źӡʿȺУȻѣٴȥʮˡ
ڲʾ֮Ȼĸ֡ơɱ
ĸȻȥأ
ǿƳ֣Ȼ˶סˣȫͣתֵ֮ˣ
ǿƣʵ̫ǿˣ
ţĪҪ̫еߵ֮
ԣԵ˵֮
ڱǰ˲ʱѹȣ
ŵǧʿŭעӵĿ⣬ҲͷƤ飬úܲסѽԼȻʵǿǵеʿǾ鷳ˣһʱ䣬Щﻢ£
ڵȴŵж
жŵʱ򣬺ӡȴ·𻶺ƵģȻΨ㡣


071 
ŵǰһӡһٶɸǽΧ
ȻʿŶţתעתƵӡǸȫںʿϡ
ҿӡҪѽͷƤ飬ЦĿ񱼣ӡٶȼ죬˲Ҫ嵽ݵߡ
ԭӦø˵ģȥȴ˲
Ȼ䣡
ǵصͬȳ棬ݱռ䣡
ҿ˸壡ĶˣΪʲôҪ׷Ҳţ
ӡȻݣۿҪ޾ǵصķû
ƴˣȻΪʲôһʶٸڽĺӡϣ󽫺ӡ˲ڡ
ǧһȫȻһ롪ң֮һϢ
ݵԭضȻʧ
䣡
޴ıըǸطʱе౬ѣغըĻζ
͡
ͷ׵ɹâţջҪλã˺ѿռһڵС󣬾Ȼһ˴ĺڶ˺һ˺˿ռ䣡
˻˻˻ڶһУನɵҫʵĹâãڶͣǴռڻָ
еĹâɢͬһ˿ݸղŵĵطһյʲôʧˣӡ
еɫޱ䣬ţ
ӡûˣΪǧһ۵ϣҲûˣ
ղǸأȥˣһҪҵܲ˴
ŵ侲ࡣ
ҪȥǸ˺ͺӡ𣿡
ҰɡԺεҡҡͷǸڷ·ɻˣӡҲ˿ռڶʧ߰ˡ
Ժ׳̾һԸһȥ⣬ԼȴŲ׺ȥ
˻ǹź裬ҲвԺе뷨ռڶֲ쳣Ǹ˾ûбɱҲҪͺӡһռڶ
ֻǵʱâ̫ҫۣû˿˵׷ʲô¡
ɵǾǷԸĵȥѰңԼȥ׷ȥ
ʱȻɽһɫӰֻ߲ſԽһˡ
һ˵Ŀȫۼȥ
ȴʧˣǲغˣһ˪ʵŸոմﵽᵤһı˪Ů
ţһսѵѾˣ֮İţõϢڲ٣Ҳıһ˿ϣͬź͡ݡ
ڣѾˣ
ܵؼ仹ı͵ŰĴӺ͹֣֪˼֡
е˵ĿۼԼʱִ˵лܵĻ棬ǻŭ
С椣һ֪ǸûɢޣߣӽĺܣպһĿаʿĳƽС椣˵ǲ˺ӡ
ǣ䣬һ˿ԤףʿԾǲ⣬ȴϹںԼӡʲô֪
Ȼŵ仰ҲǲƽΪģòкܶ˴ߡ
㲻ҪƱˣԹԸóʿȻԪӤΪȻץ
Ҫȥı⿴Ȼһɴ±һ˿ݣĳһ˿¶
ˢ
ҪʲôҪ
ʱ򣬱Ӽһ˸ͣ˰ߣһ˲䶳סǸԪӤʿ
һ֣ˣȻŵӵʵΪǿᣬͬλĵҲҪü֡
ɫһ䣬û뵽µıӾȻǿͷٿ˾Ǳ飬ҶʱȻ֣Ůǻڵӡ
ҰǸʿۣȻڨڨȥ
һӣŴԻ𾪵İȥֻʣʿһ޷
ʿɢȥѰҺӡļѰɥؼ˯Ļؼҡ
ԸΪʦ֪״ӴŰԾϱѩ캮ϣĶ԰
лڵŮӾȵĿŰĽʺޣ˵ˡ
ȷ֮µһ˱ͽǻڵĵҲĽѣΪӴûչͽܡ
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αķ粨ʧ޴ڴһУʿʧ࣬Ҿǽڼǿߣ˭Ҳû̵ôŶĴڣ˿ν͵ʴס


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һղĸܵ񱩵ըҿң֮һϢʩչɹԽ˼ľ룬һɽС
ݿѵ۶ӿѺ۶̻ңתʵһ䣬ɽᵤʿ
Щݲһղʵһģǵصķ˵ԪӤڣǳ˶Ҫƨҿңʩչļʱȥһ
ݲ֪ǰŸߣʱʱ̿İžˣǱ֪϶ᴷض㡣

ٺ٣ûһ׬ˣЩ˵У֪⺳ӡǿݰϲ׼ȥ
Ȼ߼˹ƤһòǱ˰ɣ
λѣǼ˵Ϊտݲ²⣬ԪӤڵΪ˰þɵĿݣȻԺǸ˶Աȡ
ۣᵤ㣿·һǺ˵ʵǽᵤһ㣬·䣬ʵǲġ
зǸ˵뷨
λǰ֪кιɣӲͷƤЦŵ
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أûϷˡݿɥһƣ˴οݵļ򣺡ѱ˰ɣǱǺڶˣҲˣǻȥչɡ
˿ݵùоƽ࣬Ҳˣοݺ󣬻ʧߡ
ݿʧӰﰵЦΪԼѾˣһԼǸˣ
ЦͬʱҲһʧԭء
ԨǴɽݻصϵطļƻ䶯ԭ޶Լû뵽õĻֱ̫̫ˣ
ζû뵽Ȼõ͵úúãɷǻصţһԼҪɱ͸ˣȰѺӡãȵԼʵǿŸʤ㣡
¶ģСɽܲ½磬С޴ӡ˷ıһñ˷֣ԺҪ¶ҲõԼʵԱʱ˵
½磬һһƴСųĺӡɽİУҿΧסҫ۵Ĺâ͸¶һ˿һ
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ǺӡһʱҵĲ·ڻһǸ޵ĿռڣôҲȥȴعˡ
ӡϲಡһҪݣ
ܣõֵѼӷߣƵסӡʱӡǿ
ݲ㱻˦ȥﰵƾһ˿ģ˼ôǿҪǼ֮󡭡
¶Ҫշ⺳ӡСң
СƵӿݵڣסӡȦٴαǿ֣ӡԽԽ
ݳʱһ˿ʶһξѪȻ˦˳ȥںӡ֮ϡ
Ѫ˲˽ȥǺӡ·֪Σգҫ貵Ľ⣬ݵʶһ뺳ӡڣʱܵӡģģͷû˿ԥʶֱȫ˲Ĩ飬ݵľѪ·ںӡڡ
ӡһ˲ȻڿеתһȦɵݵϡ
ڸռٻʱʱʹԵӦ࣡룬ʼϥϢ
ڵʵʩչң֮һϢҪڶ࣬ղһʩչԼʱٵһ롣
Ļᣬݿʼӡ
˵˵̲̣ʱ
Ԩڰ֮УһƴС񻢽·һֻ𵤾ŲģԷƵĴԳͷǸ΢ŭ
ԳޱȣˣԪӤʿҲӧâ
𣡡ԳȻԾ˫۳ȥһĺ档
ݴʱȴеĿ·ĴԳһĨȤЦ⡣
Ī˵ӡʵӡ෨ȻҲʩչзĻƴû뵽Ʒĺӡ켶ϳ˵ķƷķڴ
һ䣬˫Ȼˡ
趯䣬һһӡһȫĵȻĺӡȻӭǡ
ӡ̩ɽѹ
ݱһ
ڵֱӱȡ֮һ󣬺ӡһɴɽȻ̩ɽѹһȥ


073 ɱɽ
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ɢȥֻƵĴԳֻʣһ̯Ѫ⣬ѪУһöɫڵմѪҺ
һץȡ𵤺ЦȥӡϺӡֱܵУǹƥ޼᲻ݣԪӤڵĸװһҲҪ޴Ĵۡ
ݷǳ⹥ֻΨһЩźǣ̫ԼȫֻǿǿʩչΣұңĹһࡣݶԼңѵ˵ңƷףҪΪĺӡҪ߼ʲôȼɼ
ĪôǿǶôı̬ݲ֪Īû˵󻰣
ʱףĪǰΪʲôԽһһڵСʿлʵȷԶԽΪĽ鲻мһˡ
ӡҲŵ㣬ǾĹΧ
ʹˣңʹӡҪôҸ󣬱ӿ첽һǿķſԵõʩչҪȻһȴʩչǾͱˡ
ţصɽ״̬Ȼ󡪡ɱɷţ
ʱȫﵽͣ״̬ѣû˿ԥԨɳһ⣬ֱӹϵĳǷȥ
ɷںڻɽֻݳǰԴȴȫɷţǰƹżݳǵԴڵɷţ˵ݳǺǹͬİ
ڻɽǿͨ˵󷨣ʱȴݣڻɽǺɷһǳټϺɷҲֻ𵤾Ų㣬бͲǺԺڻɽĻڴ󣬸ûڵĴȡ
е̺ûеĲЩɵĻڴһǿֲǷɺڻɽĻڴ󣬿Ҳֻˡ
ݶԺڻɽĻڴмһˣںڻɽ֮ϣһ䣬ȴЦЩѹֵĳޣҲܲסʱΨһ뷨ɱɱɱ
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ټɷŲɢˣɷԴӽźѪҺΪֹҲǧӣ
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쳤Хڷ˫Ѫ죬ǳ޵Ŀ⣬ɱ˺ɱ֮ѪծҪѪ
ɷ߰Ϻǧ٣ɥ֮ȮĳæϹȥ̿֡
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ûңɱңڵĵңңҾǽ񣡡


074 ɢ
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ң񽣴ƺճǺɷ·𿴵ĳʶģһʱߵİܵĲҽС
һ֮ᵤŲ㣬ݽᵤµɱȻսӣ
ǵյȥģɣɣû˿ÿһӣﶼմڵӵѪ
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һʱ䣬Ҳ˲ôˣ׷׶ӡ
С죬ҪŹһ
ˢһֻͨȼյʨƾճ֣ʨֻһСڳ˭ҲСֻΪǽᵤޣ
һʱ䣬ݺС컯ո
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ɷɣ
貣ݷų񽣣ɾԽռ䣬˺ѿɷ
Ҫ̫ɷεѣǱĶ㿪һ֪ȥվҪ
Ƶ·ɷļһ˿Ѫԣֹͣܣתȫߵ㣬ԣϳˣԶϱӵͽܣ
Զһͽܰɷ쳤Хǲʺͱ׳
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ڸûдɷһЦȻ֪ҲĶ֣ǣҲҪ
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һҪԱ
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̫ʦʦı׳ԱŭԶƣԱǧٴΣҲˣ
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ȥɣݵͫȻһȻ䣬߷˷츲صı仯
սǱܣ
رˣʱһ˲ͣͣÿһ붼쳤ؾðռҲ·ֹˣеʧˣ缫ȰѪӻָ˱䣬
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ʱ˵Ļԭ˲ԱĽȴĹ͡
һ˲䣬ռ磡
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׻ʨǻϵϵޣĻȻǷ𣬳׻ʨĻΪٵػ
ҪС𣬽ڳ׻ʨٵػԪӤʿ𣬶׻ʨﵽԪӤں󣬻ǿԽɡ𣬿νǰԵ쳣

һСٵػںɫʯϣȻһ£ʯȻٷ
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൱ħħǰ˫нԺҲˣħ޷߻ħȹħľ
ݸ󣬱ѹֵͻ٣ľҲˡ
ڲ֪٣ƽһʱˡһᣬٴλصԨɽ
ⲻ֪εľٶ˾޴ĺ䶯


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صǣݴţɷŵףȻֻһˣ
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Լǳķ粨˵ѾҪˡ
صɽֻҪŬʵ˵ڵʵΪ㣬˵ңġһϢǴӡҲҪķѼȻƴ󣬿ȴ㣬
֪Լ㣬ҪŬȥôģ
ݵع鵽ѵõƽѾɢȥһ룬ֻ£һǰ䣬Īе꣬ʲôʱҵڸ
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076 ô
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һȺ˽ջڣΪ֮ȫۣ࣬ŭ⣬м۵ʿ
֪֮ʿΪݸܵڵ
ˣƹĺ㿴Żʧ룬æ¹ʱָݵ
ǸӿݣȴûеŭǺǳһ٣Ȼ󹧾Ķһݣμˣ
ʼգûڵµƹĺ㣬һӣ˷
ƹĺԵɴ۾˵Ѿ֪ǰСӺҲݾȻҪóˣ
ţ
Ҳסˣûкֻͣرˣָû뵽ݵôţ
ҲʲôˣЦŰ˰֡
˲Ҫǫ飬ճǵĳǡǶЦݣȻλɫǰһС˵ǳĿ䣬סɽˣ
ʿԭ߽ջ֮ǰͦأһջ󿴵ݣʱɫһ䣬վʱѾǱıϹϾףɽμǰ
һٶǵһЩӲʲôղŻ˵ˣȵʱ˷ųƣѹסݵ棬һһӲ֪ѶˣλӲѽ


078 ֶ
ǰδе°ǰλ䲻һ۸Ȼˣ˺Ҳܰƽ⡭ôƽأ
ǰǵµӣδǰ˵ʱİ
һɢޣ֮ݰ˰֣ﰵԲ죬ĵӣ֮µĶɰ
ҪõѹԼһ䣬Ӧ˾ŲΪǷָӦԼΪоŻ㹧ģ󲻸ʾ˵ѹԼ
˴ˣ֪ܲԭȮӣҲ֮ӲͷƤ߳СĵӿΨһĹ⣬ƴҲҪס
뵽⣬æĶֱϵݵǰŭĻ˶ϴ
ùˣܲ𡣡ֹһǶʱϲô˵˴ԭСˣ
ûС˵
ǣ
ҽҪ㵱ҵ棬֮֫ϣΪղԣҪҵ֫Ҳ޹ġ˵գһܺߵģ
еڼλͽ֫Ҳ֮ɡЦŵ֪ǹάǷ̣˵ĵȷʵһţеӿ϶еҩַϽ֮ˣǿġ
ǰ⡭¶ѿǲǵӡ
ǸðĿ⿴ˣһҧҪ
Ȼվ𵤾ŲȻŷƹĺûյ⣬ˣʿǸеһɿֲѹѹԼϡ
žžžž
ڵλʿǿǿվ⣬ˣֱѹſ˵£⻹֣һƣܰˡ
˴ʱоݾ죬֮£ֻϣֻҪһ֮䣬Ǿ͵ûҷ
ʿĳǴ󺧣Ȼ֪ΪȴҲû뵽˱̬ݴǵĸоͬڵĳһɲ⣬ֲ쳣
ʱͷƤһ飬󺧣Ҳ˿뷨
ƹĸŮⳡˣƽʱ֮ϵĳг˴ʱͻȻһ仰±⣬⡭
̫ˣǸŮڲ֪Ƕôǿԭˣеǿߣ
ǲ֣ǾԼɣҲΪҿյס֡ݵƶȻһգЦ˵
ǸоѹĿֲѹһ˲䵴Ȼ޴ˣһĿɴٴʪŸѾȫɵˣٱҲ֪һӶﲻˡ
Ѿ˶֣ݵû˸ıˣ֪Уǰ͵ݣѾǿ
Ǵ򣡡һҧߵȻֻٳ֣
žžžž
ĹĲҽУ
֫ſ˵ϣʹȥסᣬԼӵϣʹԼ
ƨҷţ൱ڳϵǿڣҲǣɢΪ鷳ŵĲ´Ьģɿ϶ͷġ
ǰǿȥ˰ɣǿݣȫֹסĲղֶԼӵ֫ҾȻǱ˱ȵģҪǣ޴ӷ
Уҡҡͷ
㻹Ҫôǽӽ
˵㣬һƾ϶ҽκãҷȰԺúùܽĶӣиȣҲұ֤˭Ƣ˵ȷʿֻһ㣬ɱҲνݽŵأҿջұĿջҾջ£֪𣿡
лл˽̵ܽˣҲӦæͷȻ󹧾Ĵȥ
Ǻλʿȥ
ݼˣȵǶȥƹæҪ¹
ȴһ͵Ҳȥλ˵ҶƽȵģҲʲôˣֻһƽˡ
˵ţͻȻö鵤һѻ鵤ĴյȻݸ㣺öҩǷºɱһʹ޲ǣ
ллˣ΢΢һ
ţҪˣԵټЦŵʧԭء
ķ·ʱһգ죬ȴûݵӰӣ棬ңѾˣҲԣˣҸˣһǲҪˡ



079 ֮
߳ջڣ˴ϢȺ֮С
ĿģҲ֪ȥֻžֱš
ʱ󣬶Ȼ䣬ճͻȻҵֹճǣճǸĳУݣҵС
еĵطѿ޴Ĺ֣·ĳա
ˣˣ
ҿӰ
ΧЩԭݵİͻȻʧĴҴܣһƬңһʲôˣѵǵ
û֮أǼٷģ
˼ʱ򣬶޾ɭֵķΧȻǿҵϹ⣬ϹֱԣԪ½ÿ䣬Կ޾貵Ϲ⣬еĹâϹڸǣһʱ䣬ͨΪħ׷붫ݣҲȻ󲨣
âһαɣϹ⣬𺳵ӡĽҲҪҫǱǱȺӡҪǿ
һʱ䣬Ԫ½ŷǰ޾ɭ֡
Ҳ𺳲ѣϹ죬콵Ƕ֮ֽѪɺӣ
£һΧӴܵȺʲô£ŵǣֻ֪һ紵ʱݣѾճǣն𣬽¶һɽವ޾ɭǽ⴦ȥ
ʱĸ߿֮ϣɫâȻһâ𣬻ƵĹâһ¯ʱеڵĵӿâ˹ȥΪǵڵļ
ϵ⿪ʼﲻһֻɫɺ׷һণϸ߿ձը貵̹⣻һǧ񽣳ϸ߿գӰĽ
һɿʼټӣǰ޾ɽ׽ĻҪȶݵİ׷ڵݣڸ߿֮Уȫ⣬Ϸˡ
ϵԪ½𣺡λţ˹âΪ콵˽Իؼҵȴˣ
һͬƨȴеİİٻӴܣǾڼҵȴ
ΪȶĵĲͨʼҹ壬ͨܵˣ˵Ļû˻ɣ
ȶĺ󣬼ʿݸݽˮ¥̨ȵ£ܿͷɵ޾ɭ֣ǵ֮ʱסˡ
ֻ޾ɭÿɵĸ߿֮ϣһɫǰСʿȻ޾ɭ־޴Χס
ݸȥʱܵһɫ۵ʿ棺ֹɱ⣡
ôţȻΧס޾ɽѵǲŭȺ֮𣿡ݾ㵣ȴҲͷ˺ɣڰ֮䡣
ǵڵĵ̣ڵʵȻСݣʿǰʣǱ޾ɭֵ档
Ϊʱ̫磬ܴʿڸ·֮УʿɾǶݱģΪݰĵͷߣȻѹסˡ
ʱԽԽʿۼ޾ɭΧԭʿ˵ʱһƬ֮ҲͷƤ飬ټȥǵʵǿҲסˡ
ܹΧס޾ɭʱҲ㵤ǿޱˡ
ڵڵĸ߲ЩżʱͻȻһণŵһ޽һͷͨϹ޷컢ٶȼ죬һ˲Խʮ޾ɭΧ
ǿˣϵһͨЦ̤һ޴ҩӭŵʱ򣬻ڵıѩ캮ҲԶȴɵĴǷ׷һɵĵں漱׷͸ϣǰ֧Ԯ
ԭ಻סʿǼǶʱ²٣ֵĿҲͣ
ͫ΢΢һղǷٶЩɵĸ߲㣬ѾƵģҪʲô
Щڷ·һȻܣôΨһĿԾǣǿǿϣ
ǿǿϰڱ⣬ǿ߽ˣƾʵõأúݣǴţֶΣ
ݲǺͿ֮˲ˡ
Ȼͬ׷ڸ߿գӸ¿ʿ
ֻ֮ʵǿǿ߲ʸõصĻᣬΪ˲ıٷ޾ɭ֣ΪﵽԪӤڲſԵõ޾ɭֵȨΥ涨ߣɱ⣡
ɱ֣дȫŷѹȶȥݽ𵤾ŲΪȻҲһͣźɵʵȻǿ
ǿƣ̫ǿˣ


080 º
ݺʿ׷뵽ʱȴû˸Ϊϲźɵ˴Ѿˣڵѹż϶ɵĵӺֹֻѹѹʿԦϿգγһǿķǽ
ϴΪûȾã䵽һֶ飬ǷŴˣǿǿϣЩСɺɢٲģҲ޿κΣϾźͶɵʵԭۺޱȣټǿǿϣСɵ˸ֻܱż¢ϵķݡ
ʱ仺ȥź󶥼ɵĵȻԴԴڣɵĵӴǽµˮйͨʱ򣬼ʿҲˡ
ŵۺֺͬ볤Ӵÿһ˵ĶԪӤΪϵģýʸԪӤʿ
߿֮ϣźͶɵĳʿһ壬ˡ
ಣ
ԭסʿУҲдﵽԪӤڵʿǿߣеǵطһ֮еɢޣһǿߣЦԼԵȥˡ
½½ԪӤʿϸ߿գЩɵĴ߾ۼһԪӤ֮µʿȻƲѣǻȴ޴ӷйɴﵽԪӤڵʿȥȴϲѣεľٶٺòΪǿߣﵱȻ˶ӣ̫˹ڻңЩǿҲֽųԴ
ҿֱִЩĴõˡ
ûǰˣǸ߿֮ϵǿŶӣ龹ȻҲ֮ڡ
ݰզ࣬Ԫ½ʿﵽԪӤڵĸ־ȻˣǲС֪뷨ȴǴˣԪ½ƹ˿ڰǧڣȴŵԪӤʿԼһ;֮ѣô򵥡
ʵҲ̫ʮ༸ʱﵽ𵤾Ų㣬֪϶ᾪֱ֣ѳľţ
ûǰȺǿҪȥЩźĿһۣҪȥȻȺ֮пһ쳣ϤӰ
ݣһۣ˫ĿڣӥۣǰϾɽʦ廯
廯ݶʱеһּ˵ĸоȻ˹ȥ廯ʦ壡
㻹ûдﵽԪӤڣ£Ⱥǿ߸Ӧڽ𵤾ŲĲŭƵȻʼǿжֹݡ
廯ݺ˫֮жʱһ˿죬ȻֳŨŨϲãﰵ룺̤ЬٴȫѹСӾȻǾ;ˣ
ν廯ɾǶɹڣڶһŻָԭȵʵԭҪѰݣᵽͼϧ֮ҪһǺ룬ǡ궫޾ɭֳ䣬ŷҪᱦû뵽תȻ
νϲѣ룬ءͼȫҪõ֣
λѣʦֶλѸҼֱ棡˵桯ʱԪӤںھŲ۷ʵȻǿɫһ䣬ԪӤǿߣһȺǿУԼǰʮǿУҲõ
ã廯ѵϣһΣźһۣͷ
ݴϲû뵽ҲԽȥˣЩɻ廯ʦǰʵᵤ㣬ôʵô죬ﵽԪӤڣԪӤ۷ǿߣѵʲô
ݿ˼⣬ɻֻȴûɵɵʳ
Ҳ벻ν廯ʦ壬ĳˡڣ
ΪʲôԽȴܽǲǿ飡
һٶʱʿջҪ飬ǿߵǿӹɵģȫųȥʱЩ׻ƿȥ
ǿ߲оԵȨ
λǿڷߵһȱڴ޾ɭ֣ݴҵĲϹⲻԽԽǿ
һٶȼ죬ƷȥϹԴ֮ء
޾ɭֵ죬Ծʱ۶ô񱩵ޣսսڵϣִֶ̿žηƬϹ⡣
º޾ɭֺպ֮ޱأǱɱɾڣ⸽޾ˮ֮ϸֳƬƬʬ塣
һǿºϿգ貵ϹǴºϳ˳ʱˮͬڣ
ͽΪʦ廯ͬʮҶǳ˽⣡ԶϾ϶࣬ĵоڵ廯񲻶ԾҪСΪϡ


081 ϼɵ
ʵҲһ˿ָо⿴һ۱ϵ廯˵ˡ
ݺԶｻ̸֮ʣȻ䣡
ºĳˮͻȻ׵Ŀֲ̼ϾȻѿһѷ죬ѷٳӣһǿ߼æˡ
֮ºȻ޴ѷɣһǧɵѷ죬Խҵ𶯡
䣡
ѷߣ͵ΡΡľҶ·кξ޴Ҫѷ죡
ϹԽԽǿʢǿߣ
ȻǧɵѷУһΰưľ޴󹬵ֳ
һֻľޡžϣճ
ͨɫƣ޴ֺɵȵĸ棬һֱڵ棬ѷ֮ϡ
ǿߴ󺧣˾Ԫ½۷ǿҲδ֮ĳ棬ֱʣΩ˲
ɫɵݷſʼȶֹͣһпʼָ
ֻ޾ɭϹɣ䲻ǰҫۣȻֱεأ֮֮Ƶº𣬵һع֣ǧڷ
ɵ֮ƣ溧ˣֱȴ˵еĴڸ֣һһپ֮ŭ
ǿңռǧɵһۣǷֶԷأɵĺӡҪֲĶ࣬ȻһǿߣҲ⣡
ǽȥŵո˵һۣ˹ȥǿ߼״Ҳ׷ѹ𾪣ǰ
ھ޴ɵǰٶǿֻ׺һڣͬ΢ɵǧɣԶǰֿݣɵǰһǿڴĵǰ񹤡֮֮Ļֺɵ
ߴʮɵĵͨɫؽλǿ߼ʶ㣬Ҳһ˿ʶĳɵ֮ϵޡϹźޣչ裬˺ǵ֮ȴɢһɹϲãϢ
ٿɵ֮ϣɫϻԾĸ֣Բ磬һһ͸ơ
ϼɵ
ϼɵǿ߿֣İԾ׽ȴûһŹ
λѣϼɵضобҲҪҵȿԽȥϼɵϹתһ֪Ƿҿִ֮ϲзƣֻҵһ̽
ɵľǷһС
λ£ԣŶ˲ֹڴˣȫʱӿƥĿǿ߼״æ˺Ωֲ

֮ϣĸƾճ֣ơɱ
ԣ
ڷʩչʱؼƵһɿ񱩵ĸȻһ𣬻һµķţȻϼɵֺţ
ǿ£
ɡ
ûеı죬һжô
԰˵Թƥڳ˿޼˸Ӳӣǿһȴͬһˮ󺣣ֻ𵭵ĲǿһʧΣ
ôܣ˺󼸲ӿ飬ţǿҲɵۣɵžȻ˹죬ȫһֻǼһ˿ǿһأǿٺãҲҪȥá
ȥϵǿ󣬿ǿҲ˿ǿӿЦ
һԣвʣźȴ׷ҡͷеģϼɵűй죬ҵһҲδܻ
԰ɣԺܹ̾ʣ
ǿͷǱԣ
Ϊһڣ֣ܲҲҪȥϼɵƸ֣ȫңɳĽ磬ʱصزһԱ廯ʦ壬һǣ廯ķǺɫɷ
зУдַϴ廯ʦɷźڤභʱҲδʩչȷɴ˵֪廯ʦ壡
廯ʦ壡æתͷ֮ͫɫ֮࣬ɻϢʶĸоһʱ֮ȴ벻
о廯ȻԼʦ壬ΪҪڣԣû˿⣬ұ
֮ʣȴѹʵﵽ𵤾ŲĽâٵ˵ĹڻһȻɵš
Ԫ½ٶǿߺһ죬һ޴ɽҲᱻΪƽأէпռ죬˺ѵļ
ɵԪ½۷ǿߵĺһԿɵϺٴȻ


082 
·ǰûв𣬱ϹϸСȦͬˮǿĹֻһСˮںֻһ˿
ĲͬɢĴ㣬ҲΪˮδһѡ
ˮվˮΣ󺣡
˵ǺֱʣȻͨ죡˾̾ͬʱһ̾о춯֮ɱҲȡ
ǿߴδй˾ɥԴϼɵǾԲ
ϵԡλǿɥ֮ʱһλͻɫ۵ʿȥȺ¶֮ɫ
Ȼиɻ¾һߣϵľ飬Ҳ취ǻɫ۵͵ʿ۾΢΢𣬻˵
֣кߣǧʵ
ɵӮȡֻɶᣬϵŵ̵ͼãһ˿죬ϵȣŲл֮ӲãΨû֮аť򿪴ţ
һϽ޵˵
һԡŵǿ߾Ƿ׷׳ԣ˽֪Ԫ½Ի֮ϵڶ˸ϵһ
ǿ߶Ի֮ͨΨаϣϡ
һһէʿҲ廨ŵķ࣬󷨡صȵȣÿһžŲİʿһܾͨһŵĻҲһˡ
ϵԻᾡ˵ͷ˵زΪĴҲһ˽ϼɵɵһ޻Ʋˣڶ˭ȷȥҪ˰ʱⲻǵһضѣ˭֪氵ضգϼɵ˴󣬿²ֻһż
ϳɾ㻹˵ġ
գ˽³һĽնݿ˿ٽӽϼɵţһ˫ǵֻ֮ϡ
˾Ǵҳ´ˣֻ˫ڴ֮Ϻ󣬲ֻǱϸС۾ڸӦʲô
ʵڱ۸ӦŵĽṹʱʶҲ̽˽ȥʶȻ벻ţһ
ֻվˡ
ɫ³أһ˫ƶһһĸӦŵÿһ䡣
ڴڼ䣬˾ǲҴһĹڣظĸӦһߣʱѾȥĸʱ
˻ȻĿϥݵбȻţʲô
˿¶ݸһϲͨԻ֮û˿о顣
Ȼ䣬ԭյ˫ۻȻϴǰ˫ַɿĶˡ
ѡ
ֻۣһֻϽľ޴ͷϣ˫ǿλ
˷ˡ
֣ǿǰЩ
ϵҲֻ֪ܿˡ˶ͷϸղȻƼ򵥣ȴ
ŴţȴûзӦ
Ҳ¶һ˿ΣϼɵԵȥ
˰ϣʱ
ǡ
һ˿˿춯еǿһˢˢڴϣɵɫŻˣѿһ죬ࡣ
ǡ
ζڼǿĵϲȻ䱻ܹΪһ֮һǿߣǳ֮ȴҲܲסĵϲá
ǵϣ¶ŨŨϲҲϲɫȻˣﰵ룬ҵרǿ޷쵽ȴԪӤ˰ﵽˡ
ڣɸߴȫ򿪣¶һ޴ĺڶͬſľ죬һеĺڰһļ¡
ǰڳû˿ߵڣǿʶǿ˿
浽ʲôѹѹ䣬͸¶һɹĪϢ
δ֪µģû֪ʲôȥǲȥ
ǿߴûɹղŵ֣˵ϼɵǷ涨иյĶɸðζջ
ǿӣһҧŵȿʼ߽ȥ
ǶǷ֮ԳΪһССĵǶûУγɾ͵Ĵҵ
ſ·λǿĺʤǲͣڴˣǸȥ
̤̤̤
һ̣ûһжôİžЩ죬Ų˶ô·ͷ
̤̤̤
ǿߵļһһģֳء
ڣԺסϡź貽ڰʧȥӰһǰû˿һҧҲ̤ڰ
жƴ
ҲᵽɤУ΢΢ͣ٣Ȼ̤ڶ


083 һɷ

̤ڰһ˲䣬ݶȻܵһ޷ܵһתݷ·һռ䣬š
ѣ
·
̤ߣ
̤ߣ
·ǽĦͬףֱغͷ
һƣ߻ָһˣԼǿվһ𣬿ΧȻһɫ޴ʯ
ʯߴʮɣͷΣͨɫʯ飬ֱϾиرȫɢ˵ƣֻͨ˫ֻۣ֪ǿˡ
ˣСģźѵ˵˸գҲ֪ﲢƵء
Ҫǿǿ֣ɾڴʱ
̤ߣ
̤ߣ
׵꣬صѹͷȻ䣬һʯʼٶ
һ˲䣬ͻȻеɲǼ䱻룬ΧһжûˣֻʣɵΧơ
ж
̤ߣ
Ѿ֪ʲôˣ²⣬Īеļ֪Ѿ
˼֮ʣķƥƣΧ
д󺧣ֻǵصĸſ񱩵ƣȻҶЩްӳ֣Сɽ̺񱩵⹥ԪӤȫһҪͣ
ֻܶ㣬Ӳӣ
ǽһӲƴǵصش󸫣ݿͷƤ飬ǱһʵˣضǻỪĳΪһ̯⽴
ң
ݽ磬ңһͥŲӵ£ĿϮش޸ȴҵ϶һһȥ
ʱڻţݵѹȴԽԽ
ΪʱƣʯԽԽֱֻ۴ػӰͬˮĻûм϶
ҪܵĹԽԽֱ࣬еû˿©ÿһռȫ˿񱩶Ĺ
ݶĿռԽԽС󿰿һվĿռ䣬ʱݶͷðȺңȴ·ȹ˼
һӶôѰ
Ҫסˣ
ҧҧһ㲻Ȼһشţ֮һֱӰҵһѪ
ǱƷıϱףһ±飬Ҳûá
ˣƴˣû뵽սžҪƳԼı޿κΣٲʩչҪ˵ء
սǱܣҳ
ͫһȻ䣬ͻȻˣʱ䡢ռ仺ʼ̣Ȼûдﵽֻ̣޷¡
һȻʱӿһ㣬룬֪ҪãǿʱŵԽҪĵԽ࣬Լ׷£Ҫ׷־á
ʱʱ俰һԭϮش޸һ˲ٶȷһݴʱһһٶȣӦġ
ң֮ͥŲ
ݼɱ¶Ŀ񱩹ʱٴλš
֪˶á
ֻоԼѾͷͣսǱܣʹļѾпƲȥļ
ˢ
һΣһʱ
࣡
ݵ˼飬ݵѿһģٴλصߡ
군ˡ
ﰧѾǵصĹЮƷԵĺХԼ
޿ɱܡ
ݾٶˣҪĪУһҪˣҲҲˡ
˼룬Ѿ׼ԡ
ںХĹҪ֮ʡ
ѵ
һתΧһȫʧɵһʯȫʧһ룬ݸ̤ܵʵصĸоΧϡź衢Ժ׵˾վǵԱߣֻǾɫ԰ףеѪ˲ǳ
ǻعһۣͫӿһ˿ֲ̫ˣǸΪѾﵽϣĻʬ޴档
ϣһѪĭ飬һǿߣԪӤ³
ݿ˿Χһʯûκβ·بžվδ
еʱ˵ĴųԪӤԪӤǿ߶ӶˡЩˣٶǿߣսţȥһٶˣʬ޴档
ʣµٶǿ߿ǰ֪ʱǰѾ˹ߣ¶һɫʯ̳ɵĽݣݳǧףһֻͨǰ̨֮ϣһǧɸߵɫ񣬸ߴ䣬ɫףս


084 
ճ쳤ꪣ㡢ϣŭ
һ񣬾ȻɢϢұӵ
һɷһʱѵͨأһأݣý
ӾƵĹ˶Ĥһʹ⣬һǸֲĴԭһɷ󣬶Ǹǹ̶ʱģԼͨأ
ѵһУѾ趨õģһֻڿˣ
ţȻ֣ߵʯȫʧˣеĶʧˣ޾գǵһУֻʣǧ׵ɫݡ
Ѿû·д󺧣Ѿһܻͷ·
ҹźݺ½꣬¹ձҪһݣ޺ź죬Ȼǣ̤ϵһ׽ݡ
ԣҲӿһɺڳλĸһӢۺܣǻһɺ죬Ȼٶǿ߰ͦأ̤Ͻݡ
ʵǿڵһؼҲ̤ȥֻ𾪵ǣ𵤾ŲʵȻҲҲ裬֮ʹӱضأвɴ⡣
ݸ̤ϵһ׽ݣȻٵĸܵΧһ䣬ȻֻصСʱʱ²壬ӣ¶ޣݳǽֵһδμű˶Ȼõʳ̻ʡ
龰еĳݵıϣʱЩ㱣еһ˺ԹޣԹ첻
ʱݵ궸Ȼųһ⣬͸ůѩʱеĻþʧ
֮иɻ
ﰵ룬Ȼǻѵǧÿһݣл
ĽѾֵڶݣû˿ԥ̤ȥȻΧٴγֻþõ˵ʩᣬȻʼС⣬ǿƾɵķݣǹֲȴʼʹڱĴϷ
һκ򾲣ڣٴαŷ⣬֮þΪޡ
ݴµһĻĻҵ³һһϣѾǿѣһųЩþȫ
֪϶ٽ׽ݣȻ䣬ݻһ䣬صǸҹѪɺӣɷɱԼڵĵӣɷǵľ̫ʦʦǵľݵĶصص
ɷŵĻ쵰Ҫɱ㣡ݳǿҵԹɣѻþ
ʱ仺ţһһȥּᶨ
ĻþԽԽ棬ȫ֡
оЩܲסÿһΣҪڻþһſƳþȥ
ղһ㣬ֵĻþȻǰڲ࣬ݲһ㲻԰Σڽİ£ϡ
գ⻷ֱ̫ˡһ˿죬þĶѵԼǸ뷨
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ĪĪСЩеӰɫӰһѣӣüĿ۾аһжĪС
ĪУ㻹šҪȥץסĪУִ˿
ٺ٣Сӣ״̬᱾𣡡ĪеٺֱЦȻ𶯣ĪУĪУ
㻹û𣿡ݵЩϲ
ѾˣںܼįȤû˵û˽̸ݣɲ㱾˻ûʲô˼ֻĴڲ㣬ôݣ㱾𣬺òã
ӰĪеȻݵڵӿʼĻ㱣ն԰˻ʲô˼һ㡣
ĪаԼô࣬ΪԼֻҪԼȥѵҲ
ݣѵ㣬ǼٵģĪУһ
ƨĪУĪеĪеаĪеĲѣ
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ݽնȥȻˣȻϱŷǿҵĽ⣬ӰĪеϣͬѩϣʱѩڻޡ
㲻ĪУΪĪУҪһȥȴ쳣ᶨ
ʱͻȻ֣ĽѾûнˣȻһһǸ̨ǧ񽫵ܣȻ䣬ȴǵܷ·ԼܾȻĵͷûпܾȻͷԼһ˿;ϲ


085 
ôᶯѾȻһ̣ͻȻܵһɺƵͻȻԼѹݱѹ˫һûйȥǺԭȻվʵĿ񣡾ʱǵܿնͻȻϹ⣬ݵϡϹϵһ˲䣬Ȼٴγһռ䣬һɣ޵Ŀռ䣬ͬĪĿռ䣬ֻĪеңռɫģһƬΡͶͨءۺͨʮ֮һóСϼޱ߼Ʈ΢΢һ㶣Уϼʲô˼ڽݣ֮УͻȻһɫųϹ⣬¶ƶһȥзˣⲻǸղµϣ𣿲ǵ񣬶ȴе尡𾪵ǣ϶ݣ֮ȻݵϣȻͻȻܵԼڵѪҺܵȻķѪ⼡ҲʼܵȻó״֮дû˿ĶΡ϶ͨ϶ͨϼɹнԶͳϼռ䡣ȥĻݻû׹ʱеһתƣԼѾٴγڸ̨֮ϣϵϼȴѾƤ֮Сʱ̨֮϶ĸӰź裬ϡԺףлӡǿƾճֵʱһ£ǾסˣڵʿȻҲͨˣⲻ֪ʵǵһϸ̨ģֻϼռдУűΪϸ̨ˡλźãòĴһкλСѣϲˣıӣŵͷĪıĳһĻݾ㵣ѵҲ֪Լõ˴УźĻȴԼĲ룺صҲõ걦Ľɡѽѽһ㶣ȻͷЦ֪ΪʲôݿʱԺﾹȻֳٻӰȻ뵽þһĻʱһ졣һñһ䣬ԱĲѣŵҡҡͷ룺Сѵ֪˼µɽ𣿣ʱȥ٣ΪûٿԵϸ̨֮ʱȻ䣬ƾ֮ٴγһӰֻ廯ſЦΪþסϷͬһ׻ݵԺңҲǵˣݵɴ۾廯ֳ̹ͫâȫĵĺɷ֮ʱеɻˡ廯ʦΪʲôԾˣΪʲôǺɫоϤˣԭ˼ҹ룬ҪҵĳˡڣСֵܣʦɹˡŵЦŶ˵ȴͻȻݴʱɫ쳣ˣȫҲͻȻӿƥ㾹ȻҶʦҳǰֱݿףŭңѾȻ仯񽣣ڣţСޣϷûˣļգ֮ɢȥԶʱѣȴݵĹѵʱҲװ﷢Цһֳ֮һʲôԭʦʦֶ˾Ȼ̼ˣЩȻ˵ģڶᣬǸһӣʿģǶˡڲǺ֮ҲȥǣǸɴԹۣ˴սֻ˶ݲʲôϣ𵤾ŲҪԪӤŲභң񽣺͵֮Ȼײһ𣬶ʱ춯صıݱ˰ɣȴ˿δʱʵĲֳˣӲϣڵĶ֡ⲻ֪˸𺳣𵤾ŲԪӤŲӲƴһȻû˿ˣʲôǲ֪ݸղһûгȫȴƲˣ﷢ЦСޣʱûɱ㣬ɣŹɷĺɫ޽ճź˵ƣ񣬷·Եһɱƥ˵󻰣ҿһΣͿ԰ԪӤҲңҵҪôݱȣͻȻոְУ￪ʼһµķȻ䣬еʼݻۣʱ£齣ڶأ潣֮쫷ɱ


086 
ңȻǧĽӰȻһ𣬿ʼȻӰһǧɿ쫷磬֮ȥ
ռ⽣֮籩
齣ڶأͻƣζݵĹѾ˷ƣʱĽǵĹ̺˽⡣
ûдǽ⡣
ݵĽУŷİ壬Ƿ齣ڶؾ磬潣
ԭĵ֮ݵĽ֮쫷ʱͬĽɵĺɫ޽һ㱻쫷ޡ
ɵ쫷ȥƲϯڣ
ңϷ齣ڶؾ磬޿ɵֵ棡
쵰С쵰ôôǽ𵤾Ų㣡һθоһ񽣾ٵѹЩɻǣһǺճһлҪǿһﵽʲôܣΪʲôôУֱֲ̫ˣ
䣡
ʯҪٷһֵݵĹ쫷ٶȣ쵽£ɵĹͬȵĴˣֱڵϡ
ۣ
ԪӤǿ߾ȻҵһעѪȪɣ
ƥڿôڵ˴룬ȴѾ˲ˣȻ䣬񱩵һλۣңոջأʱٴαǧؽӰ쫷ɱҪһ뷢
ʱڻλǺȻˣǰ񣬼ֱֻǽڵΪѹԺһȹһɷݣϸ̨ʵ
꣬Сʱգһɳ죡
˸һһ壬ﰵڴʱȴûô࣬ڼе룬ζȹ˽٣ȥݾԿ˵һԪӤ
ͻȻԺһݷǾһλҪǵԼʩչڤ֮ʱȴӴܣûдϷڤֱ֮ȼĻ棬˭ס
뵽ЦСҪɱңϷΪ鲻Ϊȫ
Ȼ䣬ڵԱ¶һŽɫԪӤԪӤЦϷһζᣬҲҪɱСӣ
ԱûɢͻȻڰУͬ޵ڤ֮һڲҲͱӣлһ𣬺ݣԼԪӤȴݣ
ֻȴʧˣղͬڵݣѾн壡
֮иɻ
㻹УŭȣͻȻŷɽ⣬͸ڤ⣬ͬǽҲ޷һαûʩչ쫷ɱֱͳһң񽣣ţɣ
ƥȥˣ
ȭͷСԪӤ¶ֵɫһ룬񽣾ͬһ㣬ԪӤǿһ֮£ҷɢӴҲϡ
ڣǿԪӤ۷֣
ĪУΪ㱨ˣʦʦǣǱˣ񣬷Ц
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СѣϲгˣŵٴιϲСѾɷŵλˣ
ǲ޴֮Ȼ뵽й
ûλҪеɣǣǿһЦʱľ
СѶˣǴӲܸ˶Թġλڰ֣ʾԼԹ塣
ǾͶлˣ
ʱ֮УͻȻһżСɫ飬齵ݵıϣǰ
ݶʱȻ
СѣҲ걦˵ϸ̨Ľɱ걦Զϣ
ϺǺһЦҲЦϲСѵõ걦ˡ
ллλһЦûзֻĬĬö飬յ飬ʱеϵһ泩
ʱȻ
ϼɵͻȻʼϼռǸһ𣺡ݿʱѵϣԶͳϼɵ
ʱ˾޷֮ͳϼɵǧԶ֮⣬гݵ⣬ϣѾʹȥʧɵڵϣҿݲҪĶʿһ̽м
˸̾ȴͻȻԶϼɵȻ䱬ѿԪ½Ϊ֮˿Ժ˿ϼɵĪըޣʧؼ䡣
ߴȥϹУ
ɻΪʲôûһҷʱȻ䱬ѣȻϹеĹâס
֮ϣϹźӰĹͻȻɫ޴ּ
ػԻͳɺƽ١Ԫ


087 Īеϣ
ػԻͳɺƽ٣Ԫ𣡡
񼣣Ԫ½Ͽձҫ
Ԫ½ˣİ۵ףʲô˼ʲô˼
˾ɻ󲻽⣬仰˼޴⡣
׽ɻѡ
úϹڵɢȥݿŵٶǿߣǾûеֵסþĹѣιȥʱΪտߣ½½˹ǿԼ״ʱһŭƣȴ޿κΡ
ǻȥɡź衢Ժ׵ȵ֣ʹЩأҲջģÿ˾ǵõһö걦飬жĵߡ
ʵջҪݣݲõ걦飬֪Ѿĵļ̳˳Уõϼϼţĺͷļѡ
޾ɭ⣬ʿȻûл룬ȴֲʰһ⣬ȴǸղŸе淢ش飬ǰδеǱ죬ڣ֮ϾȻ񼣣
û֪ʲôʱǿǴ濪ʼȳֵǿŵɫɵԼ򣬴ڵȥʱνķҲûбҪȥˡ
ı˿Խ⣬ǽˣһǿߴͷɥ߳鲻ѣͷ֮ɫΪǱ𾪵ǣȥʱ֮ڵǿߣǹʱȴֻʣҡ
ʰٷ֮ʮ
ԼûнȥʱҲֻǿƣ¢ϣ
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͵ʴףˣɫһԲ̤ҩصԼŵȺУҪȥ
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λСѣ£鲻֮ʣȴ˺ɫһʱɫ΢ŻһЩ
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⡭ЩãݱֳʵѾӣȻ˵Ƭ̣ͻȻһСôһ˵ϵͻȻڹžôһأ
ǰ뽲һϲæ
֮治Уض챦ڹžأ֮أ汦ʥʳ׹ǣ֫С
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Сѱļϵû˵ꡣҴţʥһʥˮֻҪһϢ޸
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ǰ鼮Ͽ˵úηϣʵ
ʥʥˮܣˣ鼮أ£ʥƷҪߣƷԽߵʥʥˮЧԽǿʥһƷСҪƷϣЧϵҲֻţ֪֮ꡣ
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ڰ֣û£ϵͻȥˡ
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088 ϼ
ļѣȻϣãǱǰãȻ֪룬ȴǲƼ죬չһ˿ϣ
Σһ£ֻһ˿˿ϣҲҪŬƴĪΪҸô࣬ڸΪЩʲôʱˣ
ʥ֮أݰԳȰȵͻƿڷʥϣΪʥʥˮҪõö࣬Ѿ֪֮أڼ֮صûУֻаԱˡ
Ǿȥݼ֮һ̽ˣ
Ѿڴ֮ǰõϢһ
ղϼɵͱһɷҵѪֺڴսһС֧֣ݿſȥˡ
޾ɭֵʿȫȻɢȥѰҵطԾ͵ϥʼϢ
ʱ󣬾һ죬ڷѪѹȥҲָ
ǰݼ֮ء
ԺͻȻ뵽ϼɵĴУõϼһʼͨɫƣһƬƬƬ޷϶ݾǣ֮ϣ󷨣ޱȣҲ֪顣
ʶУʱһеĸо˳һȻȻѾ϶Լˣ鱦飬ԲŻԼеĸо
֮ͻȻ֮ܵлһϢԺ
йϼġ
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뵽⣬ϲѣϼϢļ䡣
Ϊ෨ϼܿɹľǵֵ깥Ҫ֪깥ΪϡѲϼɾΪͨĴɣضɱϼϼɾ¾޴רŵֵ깥
Ⲣʾϼͻϼϼɾȡʯ֮£Ƶϼģָֻ
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ϼ̬һ̬ԣԪӤ֮Կ̬ʵֻһֻ̬ܷܷ
ڶ̬ҪԪӤϲſʱ򲻵ǿҪǣѾ깥ĸЧ
̬ϢвûУݶʱеЩʧҲֻ΢΢ʧǣϲ
ϼϢݶԼõı˽ܶ࣬ϼΨһ仰ǳţ棡
֪ң񽣿ɲƿϼͻȻǳȤȻݲɵԼң񽣿Լ
һһɫӨ飬âתƷ
걦кЧݰʶ̽˽ȥȻһϢ
걦Ʒȴֻܹ꣬ӵϼ˵ЩС׼ˡ
ǵݵĽƷǿԺͺӡȵķѹŵһ򵭶ҲЦտ
ԼΪͶȹأϧǿֻﵽʮ֮һֻóУѵ˵ǿҲأǿǵõϼɾȫУΪһϼɾ
ݰզ࣬ϼɾһǴǿԵõȫУǾˬˡ
ϼɵΪѡ̳ߵ֮أΪʲôŵﲻҪȴԼﵽˣԼΪӦǴײɡ
ѵΪԵʣʹԼԴﵽҪ󣿣
ݴ²³ԭ򣬽ķЩһֱиڼͶϣԪ½ûһ˱ȵ
ϼɵһ־ĸƷĶϼһţķϼɾ϶죬ԽˣԽɻΪʲôô쳹صĴܣȴԪ½Ĵ˵ʷûгֹţ
ɻɻݲȥΪһҪҪ죬Ǿǰ֮ءѩɽУѰһãʥ
ϼɾݻǸĪе⡣
ţ̶̤ң񽣣ಡ뿪޾ɭ֡


089 ѩɽ
װعѩֻʣ޾İɫ
ݼ֮أѩɽɽ࣬ѩΨһľҲѩװ
ѩǣ¶ȼ䣬ļ䣬Ѱסȥܼһʱˡ
¶ȣʿȴС׼ףңɻڵţפڱѩɽС
ɱۣѩɽѰʮ죬ȴʥһ˿ӰӶûз֡
޾İɫϿգʶųȥһѩɽɨѰ޽
ûκջˡ̾һȻʥǧѼﻹһ˿ʣ޿κΡ
ѩɽʮҲѱѩɽ֮һҵɨһ顣
ϣͲﰵΪԼΪһʿҪǼᶨ㶼ֲˣ̸ɣ
ǿһ죬һɽͷųʶȻȥһɽͷͷųʶһȥ
һʶǾ޴ģƣĻصԼһѩɽеʱסԼңɽ
ɽûһװΣֻʱЪš
ƣȥʼҲҿнʶͣԳһɨ衣
ҹۣõ˾޴ĻָҲȾĶ࣬û͵ңľĵΪѴﵽƿص˷ĪϢϡ
ָĺܿ죬ʼĪеϢ
ʱУǹ÷ɿ졣
װɽһƬѩ쳣ۣۣͬķ棬Ѱ
һɽͷһɽͷ
ݲ֪ƣѰٴηɵһɽʱʶȥ͸ÿһ䣬ûУûС
ʶϢЩľ
Ȼһʶ̽һ˿ݴϲʶ˹ȥǽһ㶣õµ㣬ΪֻǼɫȹɴŮʿɢĲѡ
Ҫ˻ʶʶ͵ǺܲòΪȻǼʿŲΪΨһһ۵ģҲֻǽһ㡣
ǾҪջʶʱǵ̸ʱע⡣
ʦҲ̫ˣҩʯӦоУԼõļøͻٶô죬̶ʱѾﵽ˽𵤶㣬Ľ
ǣʦҲûôõĴɡ
Ҳ֣һ۾ͽܣҲ֪ʲôãĽ
ĽĽ˵˼ҴʦǼˣ
ꡭҪ̸ЩС֪ˣǾ군ˡ
Сȥȴˣ
ôϤְ֣һǱ糱˼ǰʦ
һʱ㱣Ȼ򣺡һҪʸ
ţݵΣȻʧԭء
ĸɫȹɫɴŮʿڴҴ·Ȼǵǰһ꣬㣬кЦ
λصԼһ㡣
λŮʿڿݳֵһ˲䣬Ѿ˷̬˭Ϊסǣ
λӣƶֻҪλʸ顣ЦʾԼûж⡣
Բʲô֪ǻˣʶ£λŮʿβóѹݡ
ڹ棬ʿ塣
ಣ
λӰСæһ㶣ﶸȻ־ʯһѾλŮʿ
Ůʿһ㶣ǰƷʯʱһ¡
ЩŵһۣȻźۼİѾʯУпΪ׵һԥһȡʰɣֻҪ漰֮ġ
ʹǮƣҲһӣǻǳһŮ˵ĵӡ
ڣǲһĵӣݵĶʱԾЩɫҲ΢΢Ǻ
ЩڴĿλŮʿԴԺ󣬾ҲûаϢȻ֪ǲϲϰˣȴǼϣٿ˪ӡ
Ѿ漰ܣ޿ɷ棡λŮʿľܾش𣬾ȥ
ŭĸ˱ľʯȻˣǿڰķ϶Ҫŭ
λӣҲ޶ģͨͨڣٴһʯһη˹ȥ۽΢΢鴤ۣΪڲͬǰڵʯˣ


090 Ϣ
ﰵ룺֪ϴɷʱ˳ϾɽʯڣϾɽڵԴֻڣ֪˭ƹˣˣпһҪȥգԼģҪټԼʯѾˣɬ
֮ʣλŮʿǰľʯһҡ룬ˣһӶѣֻҪȥʵóֵľʯûҪҪ
һۣٴ뾧ʯǸΪ׵Ůʿˣԣǻڵȷһĵӣ
ǵĻش𣬶ʱϲ쳣ϲɫ˫ҲԽڿ趯ƺݰӣǲǸӱҰһͷңȻ󼡷ѩǱѩףȻüë񡭡ˣҶģÿˣһ˫峺Ĵ۾峺һ˿ʣܱ䣬лС
ݼͷ˫ֱȻǳƯʱ䣬ʵֺ
ĸŮʿʮֲζԭڣõֳ谮һİʿҿĲʿԼǰϲ˵κá
Ů˶ƶʵģߣһҪ׷ʦõˣ룬ΪͻȻʵûƯ
ϻǸûпɱԣ붼û˵ǵܵλŮʿͻȻŷıƣͷҪ˵ģ󣬶ʱеԼ˵˻
Ů绢ݵһ亹ڨЦλҲƯֱɣʹ㡢߻Ҳλľˣλߣ
ߡλŮʿ׼˦ȥ
ȵȣλȥİֲһ䡣
ϻȻţѵȥҰλŮʿͷ˵̤һ⣬Զȥ
תһһá
ʶλŮʿĸǵĺ档
ݴʱΪĸڵŮʿ﷢ֵ
˷ǰƬ̣һòɽ֮ϣݶʱסλúģݵľ磬Ȼóɽֻ۷ɽ壬һռıѩ
ɫеɫǽǹɽ¥ǵţ·ѩΪһ塣
ǻڣ
ûҶڴûи֮ǰҴע۲ĸŮʿķӡļ׼Լ֣Ϊ˭֪ûҪ
ȫ£룬ζҪȥ֪ڲ棬ԶҲ¡
λŮʿķȻһͨŮʿҪ߽ȥ
ˢˢ
·һ󼲷磬ˣһ˽ȥ
ллλˣ
һ仰Ůʿʱסˡ
Ǹˣ
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ĸŮʿʱ˳ȥʱݵӰʱֻɽŵŮӱιȥ
ʱݣͬһ磬˲˻ڣųʶɨ˹ȥȻɫһ䣬ټı̨ܵԺǧٱٻӰںһ𵤾ŲŮʿԣ
ŮʿΪµǣֺ飬·йĵĲأ
𵤶Ϊҿսֵס˽𵤾Ų͵Ĺơ
۸Ҽݶʱ¶Ȼ̨˹ȥ
ˣʦʦôˣ»ŻŵĻ㱨ɫһ䣬ǽţɫٴһ䣬ӦһɼŵʶȻ޹˼ɵɨӣ
ˢ
ʧԶڵĳΪտͬʱʧԼĶ
ѩ䣡
ѩ𵤾ŲƵɴµѾЩŤǰûжõʦãԼķȫˣĳ谮֣Խͬеӵһ˵ѩ׼ˡ
ƾʲôԼǴʦ㣬Ϊ𵤾Ų㣬ͬŵһˣȴŵĵѹͷüƵİԣΪ֤Ǵʦ㣬ҲΪ˷ййĵļʺԹޣ
ĵǿҲ£ѩһȫʱһѩ׷ɽǧӰͬ׷ѩȴɱסе·
ǿĽ촽Ѫӿңھǿѹ£϶һѪ
𵤶㣬ǽ𵤾ŲĶ֣Ǿǿİȴϵͷ
ͬѩȴɱ¶ĽһĨȻ


091 «粨
꼻
ǿģ䣬Ҫս
һĨ貵Ľâ˴Ƭǣ꼻һ֣ɱ¶Ľ
ãʦΣˣô
䰡ʦͲܳˣ
䰡Ҫ
̨Χ۵ŮǴвã׷״ð䣬ɰţǿĿſҪϮĴƬâ
ͷ
ң
һףֵֻһ˲ȫһգ̨Ȼһֻƾ۳ΣȻһģнâĳɢȥƲֱڵϣ쳹ص졣
ˢ
һɵͻȻڿУɱ˲ѩͷĽâ£ѩȷֻҪһâԥĺ
ݼǿƹˣסˣһ˲䣬ղŻǿޱȵĴʦһ䱻ƣ
㾹Ȼ˺ҼҼʦ㣡ݵ¶ݺݵĶѩ·Ҫһ
ݣɴµ¶һĨ𾪺͡ϲֱ̼Ρ
Ůӷ׷Ȼ̨ϵӣ֣ǿӣǴðģ
һϵ̨ͻȻվһɫȹıʿʿСĽȴɢǿƣ󣬶ȻٴγƷǷŮʿ
Ӳμλϣ˱һͷѩ֮⣬˷׷׹ݳ֮
ʱһȺŮʿҴææɱڵĳ˹ǿӺλϺ󣬾Ƿ׷׹ݣȻ󹧾ֵ̿ĵӲţ
ǿʱʱɴ۾ָݣ
֪ˣȫɣ
㣿ϳݣ䣬ǵʱѾһ˿ŭ⡣ѣջĽɣα۸һڵĵأ
ߡһջңʲô۸Ҳֻǽ𵤾ŲΪ˵۸𵤾ŲǿӣȻɱһ𵤶ȫ֣
ŵ£ҪܣŭҪʣΪҪһڣȻɷϸºǿһڣҲǺ۸ģ
˵գӳƱŷƳ죡
ʵҲܹڵ飬ֻʵ̫ɶ񣬾ȻҪҵġҵİʦɱ֣Ҳŷŭֵģﻹһ˿ŭݺݵĶѩһۣȻЩڨڨôģҲǸϡͿľͽˣ
ݿڿưʦ㣬аԲ²⣬ü뵽ϼɵʱݺųǡԶʦֶټɷš
ڡüͷչȥˣڲս÷ݣ׷νģڣȥʿֹĹأȥɣ
Ļ֣ʲôͷȻս
ݽŮʿ𾪲ѣǸ벻ղŻֺԼԼʯʿôͷ
Ҫ֪ûô˵
ãҲǿĻͻֿڵƶһССϣܲҸʦ˵仰
УһڵˣʿӴľܾ
ҿﰵʲôƹأǿѹסͷߣֻ÷ŵҪ󣺡ǲ˵Ҹʦһܿ˰ɣ
Ĭݰ⵱ĬϣЩڵӻһֱŵ«ժȻ˳ݸʦ㣬«ҡ
ֻû˵꣬ͻȻܵһɿֲȻѹԼ
ֻɵϴ󣬶Լ«ｿ⣺«
δϣһ̬ȻݣҪᵽ«
ҵ«ľٶʱŭݣ
ң˵£˲ڰС
󵨿ͽȻڳԣϣҸĳݵŻʱŭ
һյıȴֹţԶ֣
֪ݿֲʵݷŭ˺еӣ˵
ҵ«ңĿŭɣС콿ȣ¶˾þλϣ
ƨҵ«ķζըˣǰ͡Լ«ʲôʱˡ
棬ݺ޳ܵİӮĹΪ͡


092 ӵ

Ȼǿ͸ȻݸеΧлһߣͻȻԹ׻Ц󣬺һֲĳ
ҪþԻңҲ˭
ɫ䣬֮ͻȻŷ⣬˲䣬ǻþɢ
ӱһ˵ͨݣݿԼļµĻþôԼĻþκβ
ʶǿܻþţǱΪǹѹҲѹ㣡㷢裬ڿУͻȻᣬһǧ񽣣Լȥ
̺ڵͬһˣһҶۣ
˵ʲô󻰣һϼʱ⣬Ϲⱬҫѩ֮ϣͬڼ᲻ɴݵı֮ϣʱһ񱩵ײɢΣȴȻ׳ɣһɽ֮ϣʱǱɽݵĳײ£ϳأȻ¡
ݣһɼڣӵüٴһ
ۡۡУֱӳ˳³ڱѩ죬Ȼϼ޵Уǹǿĳȴ͸ϼԼϣҿݵӲֻǱҷɳȥЩʹ⣬û˿ˡ
þѹңЦЦϼϣȫɣңҲ貵Ĺâټݺɫҷͬһս
ʲôӱ֮¶֮ɫԼȫһȻˣϵʱϵ֮ɫŨϼɵϵףôˣ
۹ⲻǵĽ걦飬ȴһɱңֱ룡ʱҲʲôˣԪ½û˭ɱ
ڵĳǣͱӾһǶȥϼɵ֪࣬𾪸޿ɸӡ
ݽľٶˣ
ң򣡡һӡƾճ֣ӭǣ˲仯һǧɴɽڸ߿֮ϣʱ·һƬӰ
ֻҪһԪӤڵĿԱס⣬ûһ˿Ի飬ҪԸ㿴𣿣
ӡӡõģǸһĺ㣿鳹ˣе˶ˣ
콵󺳵ӡֵ÷зûмʿ֪źӡһʿһ𱻿ռڶɽȥû뵽ʿźӡһ˹ҴʱѾǿ󣬾ͳڻڣ
ȴݺݵĶű顣
㲻Ҫл˵ʱҲˣֲ꾹Ȼ֮ĵƣҪŭ֮Ҫ
ݲҪʱҲһ˿С
ֻʦ˵仰㲻ֹңҪ«ٲ㵱ҺǣջغӡҲִֻŻŻǣϾڰҲǻڵһԱ̨һҲǡ
ݻڵϣʱ򣬼˶ݣû˸ҶҲٶ֣¼ŭݡ
ʦ㡣ߵߣٴó«ҪݸһֱЯڻˡ
«ͬɽ˲¶һ˿ݣݵĻʱһ𣬾þòƽ
˵ԼûġĬãͻȻڣһľܾ
Լ֪ΪʲôҪܾ
ͷ֪Ҫ˵ЩʲôͻȻ뵽ʲôһһöɫ飺ʦ㣬㣡
˵գݰ걦ݸ
걦һӺͳƤ׷һ˲֪ǽϼɵ֪걦ʲôǿƷͷ
ʲôãȻ
żõһСûãպҲȱһԷûȥ˰ɡЦŵ
Сӻ󷽡ֹƷ˵СϲĵӣԵõ걦飬Ǹ˶
ŶĽ飬ûʶǶôһ
ǳĬҲ֪˵ЩʲôģĬ˳Ĭ
ݣ汾һˣͻȻڵ
ݷһۡ
ͻȻһ˿ϸ΢ԼĶߣǧﴫǹģڣ
ǱѾڿնȥ˽ǲ֪ʲôȴæ׷ȥ뿪ʱ԰ԸˣȥϢ
ιιǸšӣȵң


093 
һֱӵĶһɽ֮С
ڶԥã˼ȥС󣬻ûнŮ˵ķ䡣
ɡӵ˹
뵽Ƿ˵ǹڰ£һҧӲͷƤ߽ȥ
ȥȴ沢ûеķɴ㴲㸡ⶴ棬һտյأʲôûУϸ⿴ɫǽֵİţʱŻȻסģ档
ӲûݽȥĴ㡣
վţŶѹݣҧҧѹöȴű䣺«ڣ
Ҿ͸㲻ʦ͸ҵ«ƾʲôҪҸ㣬˵һ֮ҲϡɡĲףеӵľٶʵڹ졣
ҵ«ӵĽ΢΢ҲȻߣЩ
ԣʱɴ۾űӣһ˦֣Уֱ˵«ʦʮ꣬ôģ
ԣһ֮бҪ㿪Ц𣿣һƽɽľѷ˲
ȻŬҪƽǵӣ΢ţȻЩҵŮ
ʲôݲû𾪵޿ɸӣЩָűӣ˵ѣʦ˵ʦǹ¶ʦŵģôĸף
Ȼ˵ͱ鼫Ƶʣбֳ쳣ѾϿɼֻ֣ΪеŭͲ
˵«ʲôݻҪ֤
«װ꼫¶Ϊϣ꼫¶ʹһƽģ«棬һѩ֣
ѿڶ·Ϥޱȡ
⣬⡭һûѣȷĸס
ĽҲȲƽȣʮǰ͵͵ǣûڵڹ棬˲ʿ壬磬ŮһǱǱ֪ȻºӣһҪѹһδ棿
Ұҵ«ڸճϣ֪뱱ԶϷݳǣԡ˵˵ţҲ̲ס΢΢
һεĸףȴô࣬ĻΪеȷŭͲƽ֪֪ʦ˶ٿ࣬Сûиĸܾ˳ίǵڣҪһӵĿʹ㲻䣬㲻һĸף
ݷ·뵽Լŭ
ԣҲ䣬Ҳ䣡ӵȼǿҵĲؿ·ҪһйԣҲ䣬Ǹأ
ӷ·ݵǸˣһƽԴӴҷ뿪󣬾ûл֪иŮѵ͸𣿡
һ߾Ƕʮ꣬ʮûһ˿Ѷһ˵𣿡
ЩˣûһǺˣûУ
˼ίɴ££ڵϣеȫйһһ䣬һݱƵ⣬ҿ粼˽磬ȥ磬鷳ʹˡ
ݱһһ㶵ģ룬ﲻһ˿ϧȷΪһŮˣҲ˼ί
ûһĸԸԼĺӣҲǱ޴ѹȣ׿ı⻷ӵģҲֻһŮӶѣакޣгԹ
йѹ˶ʮԹ޺󣬱ӵ΢ȶãž
ǸȥˣСʣ»ŭ
ӽٴһȴûеŭ侲˷ŵ˳Ҳ˰ɡ
һ̾ӺúЪϢɣҸˣ
ȥҲûʲô˼ѵҪ˼Էɣ
վסӱĺסݡ
תͷڨڨһЦɲ԰«͸ң
ⲻ֪ȴûлش⣬ͻȻʣǲϲ
ݱһʣʱɫЩ죬޴Ĳ֪λش
Ҳϲϲ֮ҲˣӶȻ˵
šι̫ܵ˰ɣݱŭʦĸףҲԸŮ˽°ɣ
ߣ֮ҿӽڰ벽ݹҲ
Ϊʲôһ
ΪǶǳˣ
ݣ


094 ݵĵ
ʣ뿪˻ڣǶȻټ档
֮·İɫݵģȴԶԶûƽӸտʼϲãŭȻٵ֪ݴʱ
Ҳã֪Ϣ֪ھڻڣ㹻ˡ̾һﰵԶԼ˵ݣڵҪ񣬾ѰʥŬŬʹԼľߣͻƣ
С죬͸͸ˡݻصɽЦ
𡭡ӴĻӰһڵϣȼյ˳Ƥëǿ֫ΨһźǣʨͷԵЩɰͨһ˫۾ŵɫĹ󣬴ʱС¶õı飬ƺΪԳеϲ
һԾӴǿƵİѹڵϣʪͷһԱл⡣
ȥȥȥûƿС죬뵽ʱȻֻн𵤾Ų㣬ĵƣȴǺǿġ
𵤾Ųϵ޳׻ʨݱ֤СʵԲѷԼ͹ٵػһʩչԪӤڸֶҪԹ˱ܣ൱ԪӤڸֲſʩչ𰡣
ݵĵԶԶֹЩң񽣣޼᲻ݣ
񻹲֪ң񽣵ƷǶ٣Բܣң񽣾Գνޣͬϼ֪롣
ݵңϵڶصķ齣裬ԿӲԪӤ۷ڳ
ҪǱ֪Ի𾪵˵
ټϼͬǳѵĴڣ෨᲻ɴݵĲ죬ʹݸǣûгΪ˲˿ëǱԪ½綥ǿߵĴڣҲֻݸеһƶѣҪѣ
ټϣһĪг졯ĴڣսǱܣ
սǱʩչһ̣ʱ䡢ռһ˲䱻޷ȿԿʱͿռľǱܣתΪʤʤǿ
УӡƷҪǹΧжʿԵסݣһӡȥҲǿ߿ѣЩǣ϶Ӷˡ
ֻҪպӡûɸǣƣ
ʵʵкҪһǣ
ݵķĪġԶγءĴܡĪУң齣裬ңľӡ
Щݣûң걻ûз齣裬ݵңҲʩչûдӡӡҲҪܶࡣ
һУΪݵķĪľ޴ټݵĻõ˽Կͨݵõϼ
֮ܶΪĪУĪа磬һǿһΪԪ½ڣҲΪĪУȴǣĪеֻ꣬ʣһ㣬ͬвһ⣬ҡҷƴάֲ
ĪгɾңʥһҪõڵ¶ޱȵļᶨ

ݣ޾ѩɽ޾ޱ޼ʵİɫУȴһ㼫гĺ⣬ͬһҶںƵޱߵĴƮ
С죬ȥɽ壡С챳ϣС˵
ಣ
СڵһţֻһѾԾһɽ壬СƤëΪСϣʱΨһܵ顣
ˢ
ʶٴͷųȥһ˿ɨһ飬飬飬Ȼʧ
ϰԿһ޾ɽһ۵ɽ壬һ̾
ԶɫӰҴ·ǳ֮⣬ѩΨһôãȻ֪ǻڵӡ
һͬһ㣬ٴγĸǰ
λӺѽСϣһõЦݡ
СʱλŮʿҲһʮֿɰģĸŮʿ
ݺµޣλŮʿһ⡣
ãã˭ʶ˹ġЦݲõĿֲ֮ˣĸŮʿνĵݣҪ֪ɹǿˣ
λӡݴ֣ɫ¶ѵõɬܸܲ˵˵ʦôˣ
λŮ¶һ˿죬뵽ʦ˵ĹȻûдÿһȥѲߵĵӣᱻסȻ⡣
ʦùĺܺã֪Ϊʲôӳ谮ˣҴûм˭ôù
λŮʿ˵ţϲԽ¶Ľ顣
ǾͺáݷЦȥ氡
ѽÿӶҪȥأһ顣λŮʿͻȻһ˺ʲôˣˣʦú죬ҲҪ棡
ԣڵӶʱһ


095 
峿һůůŷ϶ɽһӵϣݣʹڱĿ֣ҲŵЦ⡣
Ȼ˫Ŀ˫֮һš
죬ʦӡݸۣ뵽ģȻ
С죬ߣҲٰСţֱӳһſڵ˯С촵˸ڡ
𡭡СߺΪȴҡҡͷֱСĶֱС죬Ǹ˵㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣԺôȢϱ
ߺߣʨӢȲֻĸʨӿңᱻʸԵͱˡ
Сܵɪĵ
ﰵԸ̾Сڳˣ˼ԽԽˣԺôˡ
ϻ˵ߣ
СĲ鲻Ըݰ죬ȥȴʮѸٵĴڳɽ޾ѩɽԾȥ

죬ûȥѰʥһѩ֮ϣСϣЩ͵Ŀ⣬֪ʱ˼Ѿ֪Ʈȥһ
磬ˡ棬Сڴߴ١
仰ʱ鸽壬һ˫۾˵Ĺʣʶһɨӣ۾ӣȴûпӰӡ
磬۾ˣСٺֱЦ޹ĵ
СԽԽƤˣǲǷᣡСͷ£һɷģ´ƭΪʨӣ
ݡ񶾡ĻʱСӴסһ̧ͷԹĿ⿴ݡ
̫ˣС¶ͷĵĲ
ȴͬûһ㣬⣬֪ЩʲôСֻ֪ͷʱʱһοˮ
硢磬ˡСϲݵ롣
ˣ
Сͷٵİһ£СһּΪԹίĿ⿴ݣûƭˣΪʲôҪң
˵ûСݱҪٴθСһʱͻȻĵСӰڿٳԼ߷
СԣȻǳԡСͷοС顣
еٶȼ죬ֻƬ̣ĸӰԽԽ
ʦʦ㣬ǿǸǿߣҲݣһָھ޴޵ݵ
Ҳݣɴµһ˿š
ʦ㡣ݶ԰˻֣ٴС
ݡȻ䣬ϸĵĻְᷢʱЩ˸
λӺáòĶŮӵ
ãŮæͷǿ˿ݣֿ˿εĵȥ˰ġ
ⷬʱһΣվڿУȴĬ
𡭡𡭡С𣬴εգֻС˦˦޴ʱţСȻСȥֻһᣬͺһֻճûõСС
ƯС鲻ԽĵСɪ֮һԾĻ˷ܵļ
ҲǳϲıС죬û취Сɰģװ۵ıʵŮⱬ
СݿĿɿڴС޳֮Ȼſΰ֮ϣ⣬ܡ
ݿҧгݣɫһЦݣʦ㣬ûкһЩ
Ѿˡͷһ˫źָСͷС¶ܵ顣
ҲҲСװľ
˫۶кˣ֪ĽʻǺޣ״С²
¡
ܵԼǰɫһ죬ôͽˡ
ҿɴסټСҧгݣݲûз
ݣô֪ڻڣװʵ
ޣ֮أΪһģǡļʦ㣬֪ˡݻش棬һݵС죬ҹȥԨĸʨӣ
ţڰǰСһʱѰĻݵļϣֺõݵ
СռˣռˣȴݺС죬ͷ˼£
ݺʮС죬ЩȻҿԱ䣬ԲûбֳʵŶѩɽΪʲô
ҡһС죬٣ﰵ԰οԼֻһֻСֻһֻС
⣬ͷڰûʲô˵Ҫҵʥ׵ϧʥǿɵõı˽ӽһ£ûκջ񡣡
˵꣬Щ
ȴûз֣Լ˵ʥʱɴµɫȻһ¡


096 ѩĲ
ңҪȥˡ
Щͬˡ
Ȼֲ֪ΪΣͷЦȥɣҪȻӵҪ鷳ˡ
΢΢ʧЦȻĨЦݱɴס꼻ʢţһĿѣԣһЦǡ
ȵȥݻЩȻＤѣоҲ١
ȥһᣬǰͬŵӽϣ׼š
ѩʦ㣬λʦ㡣òĵ
ΪһˣǴʦѩһʱʱüֻǵ˵ͷû
ҲΪ⣬ľ䵭ѩĲмİ
ֻǰʱЩ·˼һ㣬ҴææĿĵظȥ
ʦ㣡
ĸ׼ŵŮǡÿҲ׼ȥݣһλŮӶѩ
ѩݵӰһ˫ʱһ£ŭͲʣ˵ȻȥɣҵȻٻȥ
ʦ㣬֪˿»ᡭ
ҪȰ˵ȴѩϣȥɣʦзִ磡
ɫһãȴֲѩֻȥ
ѲĵϢʱãǡͰһ棬Ȼֻȼ䣬ȴ㡣
Ҫ֪ѵ˵ܹ˵ôãѾشͻˣҲѹһ˿Сϲ
ɾʱһĺݣվס
üͷ΢壬СҲһĳȥһŮʱԭ˫ʱͨ죬ءһ˷ܾҪ˹ȥ
Сһ㡣ɸֵСβͣᵽԼļϣȻ󵭵תͷѩ£
𡭡С첻Ŀ飬һ˫צݵļ
ߣѩвޣǰһ˫ݺݵĶסݣ·Ŵˡ
ʲôģʲô˲Ҳһǽ𵤾Ų㣡ѩƺѹһѶݲݣͬɽٽ㣬ءıˡ
Һû˵Ҷ˲ҲûеⰡ֪Ϊʲô˵Ů˼ֱǲˣԼھǡһ
ѩݵĻֱŷйԼĲҲǿҲǿѣûзͱȲң
ѩΪڵ֮ŮССʹﵽھŲ㣬ֻһԪӤڣСͷʹ⻷ϴΣһнƷԭ͵Ķʱը
һйݵݵķ
ݲǿӮģ
Ұο뷨һֱԼףҪֻ֤֤ǿߣ
ݣ
ݳˣǰԴŮˣֱ޷ã˵׼һĹȥˣΪ˹˼ͬţȥˡ
ðɣλ㣬ǿǿ˰ɣʼ磬ŮһΪǵ飬ѡˣǲҶɣûбĻҪˣŮǿߣ
˵գһѩ׼ˣֱɥԭĴ飬ͱĪŮ˸ƻˡ
ԼûкˣԼˣҵù
վסų򣡡ѩ·˴̼ԭɤҲüǲˣʦǲܻϲһųģ
ճԭ̣󻺻תɫƽĿ£ƢãȴûƢһٶԼĵߣҲڳһ˿ŭ
ͲˣǲջˡǾȻĪƵаЦѵҪҶ֤ǸĴˣ
ûѩԥѿڶͣһ룬ʱ壬϶ʱͬȼһ㣬߳ŭͽȥ
ݣ
شԡƳƳѩĳҡҡͷ
ݣҪսѩƲ죬ǽʱٴαȼӣС
ţ񲻻ĿѩЦ˵ȷ
룬ﻹûյĽѵֻҪһоͿ³
ٶʱѩһţͷȴȻЩ飺һҪǶʹ÷ԣô
˵գѩưĿݣȻΪֻǿŷǿˡ
ʧЦ˵÷ʹ÷㵥֣
ݻıָ֣ѩ˹ɣ


097 
ߣѿ֮ǿ
ѩߣΪ֤Լȳ𵤾ŲȻ͸ݡ
ȻߵĿѩһ˲ʧˣ任һķۺ뷿̬欣ڰ񹴻֮꣬ˡ
еİڴϣеķϣʣµģǲݣУʱʱ¶һ˿֮飬ڱᴭϢ˿˿ݲơ
ۣöŮһĴһϧģϧǼٵģÿϧ
㣬һڵӱ˪ȴòǷǾǻڳ֮
óľǻʿŷɥΪеʿѻʵ޷԰ΣôĶ֪
ѩΪڵӵһˣʩչĻģֻȴ֪ٶඥǿ߶޷ƳݻͻӵĻκβݣѩС׼ˡ
զզ࣬Ŀ˿Ůѩ޶ŮǱͦƯģ治Ĵϡ
ľ㣬ᱻԻһָһ㣬͸лþһ˲ɢ
ѩĻþ˲䣬ܵǣʱ⡯ɫЩ԰ס
Ļ̫ۣȥƭƭСɡݼһָڿл˻Σм˵
ߣѩʮѿһԲΪܷܷ欵趯һ˿˿ʼ˫֮ۼһɿֲ֮Ƶɫƽ쳣·ûжſֲһû˿
ƣ
˿˿Ȼʼ۳һֻɳľ޴ͬʵ壬ŭһѩ£ɶȥ
βһڣӰ
ƲƲ죬һң˵£ԭس߰˸ӰβȻлӰڱҳһ޴Ĺ֡
̫ˡݵָվ٩ѩ˳ѩĿɿڴǵͨ죬תͷһҧָ趯Ǳһڣתٴݡ
̫ˣ̫ˡݺûĵһͫȻһʱ߷˷츲صĸı䡣
ʱʱͿռһɲǼ˲ǱţıǸһ͸Ǳṹġ
пáҡҡͷα³һɫ硣

ȵʵָֻѾվһߣıȴһȻ塣
ѩ⡯ٴ˺ʵܲĽٴʹס˲ʣʩչ
ʱң
һӰ쵽£ѩֻеǰһݾԼǰ
ˣ
ݾСһֱѩͷϡ
ѩһ˲ʯ
ȴǳ⣺ѣ֮ѧ˼ĸꡢĽʣ㣡
ʿҪľģľҪźúõʱ䲻ȥѧ˼ǿʤͱԣԺܺ޵֮Ҫǲƽľ㰮ĽҪ޳ɴ
һƽ
չǺһ㣬ﰵ룬ղŶָָ㣬ᣬ㣬ǻ᲻ƽ⣬ٺ٣
ţװһģһ⣬˦ȥֻʣѩһͬʯ㶵ģˡ
ʩչһķסˣȥݵһãǷͬһ׺ѩԺֱڣѩһƬհס
ҵͷãѩһ˿Ӧղűõĵطģ
ѩʱ˼ӣҳһ㣬Լ֪ԼЩʲôл㱵̧ͷѾûӰ
ѩɵصţŭʧǰȥ
ɽУȻԵõţѩƣҲû˼ȥ룬˵ֻһССķ粨
粨ȥˣƽˡ
򵥵Ľ̸ԭľƽʱеģʥĪһûлָһͷŲġ
ȥңѩɽ飬ҲҪҳһҲҾ顢飡
ݰԷݡ
ʦã쿴ô˼һ㣿һУһŮӶ԰˵
ûʲôĲɣܵ˵գⲻһǱݵĵЦ⣬Ǿ仰


098 ľ
գݴչһӣС죬뿪ɽٴȥ޾ѩɽѰֻΪãϣ
ڣʱٿ顣
λϣºʮһεᣬк˵ѩϣ䣬Įȴʧϡ
Ȼһش飬ĵģȴЩĩɣǻλһҿҪģǱסһλ㣬ƾŵʵֱ׾١
һɫȹŮӴӵλվ˵ڻڵĵλ͡
˵ĶԣԪ½磬ĩɰӿϣǶѳɶ֣Ѿǧ꣬ѴƣҪģǱסһţŵ棡
һŮӻվ˵
Ӿţϲŭ֣аСڱѩôƺ˼ʲô
ϣ峤ϣ°ɡʾ£һ˫Ŀϣɨ·ˣȴϵÿ˵ĶûкҪ˵Ķ˵ô
·ĬӻͷȻλûô˵䡣
ɤղϺ峤ϵĻеȴΪҪӭѶϣܰ״û綥ѳɶ֣ǧûλһҲȾǧ꣬ǣǲܰһеȻһжǿԸıģҪһǳһе
ŵĸȻȹݣֻҪҲϣƵģǻһɣܲһ룬ܲгŵ־
û룬Ժ֮һǻڵһϯ֮λ
ȴᶨмŲŮӵĺ
⡭·ĳǱӵĺ׳סˣǱЩ죬׷뵽ţҪǧĸ֣ǿȴƴš
뷨ȴû˸˵ڡ
ǲö˵ʦ֤֮꣬һҪʹڳΪ֮һϣѾսս֮һڵĵλ
һԣǧˣʲôȻս
ĴҪţ
ڣЩüˣȻ֪ʤʲ󣬿½Ҫȥһһ޻ڣŵûУ̸γɾλ
һ·һȺΣԶԡ
ˣ°ɣСֽˣԸҶ

ӵĶڣֱӽаĶ棬εӣߵȵӦоУзɴ㴲
ҲѹֱӲڡ
ʦͽ£ϵı飬΢΢æоŴȰߡ
ϸϸɫײһ˿ۿҲЩʪ
ʦЩɻ󣬱ѹǣǿһЦȻҳʵȥ˺֪ʥжó죿
ŵʥ΢΢һţѾһ룬Ԥʮڿȫ졣
šӺεȾĲ׽һ˿ȴû˵
ЩʱգΪʦȥժʡĹĻȴðһĵ
󣬱еʰз£ɻϸϸĽ¡
ֻӲİƺĲɣһԵȻƵƵټϸղ¶һ˿³¡
㻹ûв֮ˣʵ
ǰȴû˸ƺԥھʲôƵģʱһܼҡ

ѹæûɻˡ
ţȻˣҲȥúЪϢɡһЦֲĸһ°ں˳
ʦǣȴƹһ㣬ֱӱӡ
𣿡
ʦҽƷҪȥһˣʦ׼ݵ˵´ϣһ
ӳƬ̣ͷãȥɢɢҲá
˵գӵٴͷ֪·𲻾䣬һ˿׹ָ϶䣬űӵʶ㷢С
ллʦϲҴææȥ


099 Ϣ

ڣŰȥӰһ̾·㣺̫ˣͬǰʲô¶زסԴġ
ûջ񡣡ЩɥЩʱգÿշѰǻģȴһδεʧܣʱһַĳ嶯ÿصɽǰĪУݵľͻһγ
ˮ֮ӿȪ౨οĪжôõˮ֮ݣΪһˣͷ죬̤أ֪ͼǻô
ݰ룬Сϣɽϻء
ʱĺܽȴֺԥһּΪìܵĸо
뿪ɽţſѩȻˣʥֻǱǶ˵ȴһ
ᣬһ֪һʲôԥƴűʦ𷣣ɽţҲҪݣ
뵽⣬ޱ޼ʺƵıѩأȴͻȻеһȥѰݣ
ڿն𣬳Զȥ
ĿģܣѾԶԥһȻӳ£ӣйɢ˳ȥݣݣ
ݣݣ
ҲСֹڡ
㣬һ㣬ߵһ䣬Ȼٴεһطһκ
Ͳ֪ݵ˵ڻڲڱѩɽ֪һ֧٣Ӧô
֪˶ã˿˿ƣ룬ѩɽ޽Ȼʿٶȼ죬ҪһˣȴǴ룬ҧҧ
ĪУһҪҵʥĬĬ뵽ͻȻһ˿˿ϸ΢ı׽ˡ
ݣݣ
üëһϤû˿ԥ̷ԸС죬Դɳ۶ȥ
ʦ㣿ڵһƬ̣ѾܿϳԸСӱޣܿ죬һģС׵һƬɫС
ݲ׽һ⣬Բλá
ʦ㣬⣡ݻ˻֣󺰣ͬʱɿ˹ȥ
¶һ˿ϲɫۿȥȻƬѾ
ʦ㣬£ݵЩĵ
ݣǲҪʥֱ⣬˵
ԣûȥһ죬û˿ջ񡣡˵⣬ݲԽ̾һ
ЩɥĻһҧݣ֪ʥģ
仰һݶʱ㵵̧ͷ¶ϲЦݡ
ڱӵĶԭϢıӣȻ
ݣ˵ʥں·ʮǰʦ֣ʦ̲󷨣ȻǵѲػʥʮңҪȫˣʱʦȥժȡҪʥ͸ϿΪǿػĵǵסģ
һ˵ȥһԥ˵
⡭⡭ԭϲʱһ룬ã˵Ǳʦҵģ
㲻ҪЩˣȥʥɣԽԽãıʧȡ֮ȴǼУ죬ȥɡ
ݱҪʦ㡯ɵȴûкһлл㡣
ҪˣҪȻʦỳɵģҪ㡣е˵ּеߣһסˡ
ΪңţʦʦĸסԭΪѰʥнʱܸˣȴϲǲΰ롣
ȥǲȥһʱļìܡ
ǿ򶨺ĲʹԼû쳣ٶȼ죬ٵĳŷȥ
ڰϵʱȴֲ֪ʱѾȴ
ʦͷĵĻţԱһ
ţɣɵӡӵû˿֣ϧͣһȥһ˰ɡ
һ⣬Ѿ˲ԤУʦȥ𣿡
ΪʦվЩĲʥʮڣ򡣡ӵ
ʦˣô˶û鷢ʮҲµġǣǿһЦ
ɵӣˣղŶǸСӵĻȫˡ̾Ϣһһӣ˿һ׹⻺ϣʱٱҲ֪ʲô顣


100 
ʦҡ
˵ˡ֣ϰĻ
߰ɡһӣһŰЯһ
ԭش˰ΣԥʼʣһԸС쳯ȥ
ħ֮ͨѩɽһع֣޾ѩ£ǧɣͬĴ죬һС
һ˲档
λػŮԭ͵͵ȴͻȻϿߣ֮˶ʱϻ̳Ͽ֣æ
ţǶȥɣӽ쿪ʼɱػӶ԰ᣬǶˣȴ쳣ı䣬мԿܵϡ
λŮӵͷȥ
棬ݣһյģǱѩʯһǣȴأһ
һƳΨһĽ㡣
֮Χơ
ͨѩףͬ񣬿ȴ̲ž˵˿˿Ϣɢȥ֮һ
Ѿųһ㣬糯ڳᾪȵĺƷʥ
ʦɲ԰ʥ͸ݣһʤ߼ĿĵĿӡ
ʦˡһǿǴʱۿȻ˸˿˿Ứ
ɵӡӲûзŭʮϧİѰڻ㻹̫ᣬִ̫ţԺͻףԼûֵȫĸرˣûһǺöҪѧǿ
˵⣬ɫﰵɵӣǧҪ·ҲΪãûһֵøǶƭӡ
ǵģǸˡͷ֪ͣΪΣ͸оԼʦĸһ㣬˸еůͰȫ
Ȼ֪ǲǺˡ΢΢һЦǾڴ˵ȴݻѰʥôζһ˽ˣûĸûܵʲôͷ
ǣأӡ
˵ȷΪ롣ӵҲΪôõĻᡣ
ɵӣҪòãȣΪʦҲΪá
˵գӾֱϥ£Ŀ
ǰȴϣݻȴֲϣǶôһ־顣
ʱ򣬱ѾϢȫ
Ƭ̡
ɵӣˣҲ¶ˡ
ۣµˣûĵġ
ʱݣҲѾ˺⣬վһѩɽС
ȥǲȥ˽սС
һǰԼˣһĪУǸʦѡԼɽˣԹ岻ȫⲻ֪Ҳһеͨ
ΪĪУûеȥ΢΢ǰҪɹȥ
ǸҪȴͻȻͣ
УΪҳţĶʥôֻҪ΢΢һ飬ܿͲĵڲҲТ֮أԺڻ棿
վɽ֮ϣع񹤵ľ޴칵֣ﾭס˼Ŀ顣
ʷǰ޴ǰġ
ȡȡᣬҸȡ᣿
ݺ紵ϮֻϣԼ侲һ㣬
ˣˣͻȻ̾ȥˣٲȥᣬɵȵժȡʥ֮ǿдڶȡôеһ˵Ͳʲôˡ
Ӻɷ򣬲ӦðѹһŮԼԼȴݣ̾һһԸСȥ
ĬĪУԭңһõʥֻǲڡ
߰ɡҪȥ
ǺǺǺǡݣ㵹ǸˣҺ㡭ͻȻ棬ö˳صݵĶ
ӣͫһתͷűӰڿնȴǱӺͰʱһ
ʱҲĿĵĿԼ
ӵĳֱطżȻ
ݺεȴȻʲôԼΪǰҪݺֺαظԼʥ䣬˵ӳ˵ס֮⣬κβԼ
ΨһĽǣˡ
뵽⣬ﰵԽҵĵҿԼûгȥǺˡ
Ȼ㶼ˣҲûʲôˣסһƾԼģʼ磬ҪȥΪڻ֡
ΪκβԼ
ˣ͸Σӵ
˻һݣǰҲסˡ
ƺ˵𾪱飬ӻҪס


101 
ףʲôף
ԣȻ˵أûѵͣܺö˶˵ľ޹ԼʥԭףҪ۵ġ
Ҳһ㶣ӣ²͸Լʦ롣
Ҳ˵ҪͬĴۣʥӵ˵
ѵҪϵϼﰵԴȣͬʱ˵ҪϵĻôҲ޿κΣΪԶģڽҲᣬԸúӡΣ
ӡΪƷֵӦõֵʥɡȻ֪ǽףΪʥԸӡ
ݵĻҲһ㶣ӡļֵıܻҪԶԶʥΪʥһԵʹƷǺӡȴüֵǿ͡ǧһۡĶᣬȻˡ
СǶʥڱصãôķҲ÷
Ӱ룬֪ĪݵжôҪΪĪУʹϼν
˵գڴĿűӡ
ҲҪĺӡϣȴҡͷЦһҪ˵ȴһ˵ҲҪκζ
Ҫôףüӵڸʲô
ⲻ֪ڱҲȡᣬԶݣ˼⣬󣬷·һ㣬ͻȻݣĵݣ㣬ûŻܳһΪĶʿ
⣬ݺͰʵĪⶼʲôʲôʥһͭĹ
ûԹҲʼ磬ֵ̯
࣬¹ܲȡʥüĵ
һƬ̣ȵ˵ףɱѣ
ãܾ㹻ˣֵ
Ҫȥɱˣȥ߹ݣݿӣЩĥ͸
ǣҪǻڣЦ⣬ﲻݡ
ҪЦˡݵɵ۾ԲŹɭϣеӣ˽֪飬û˵
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ڶģ𵤾ŲʿһˣȷΪ˻ڳΪ֮һƴˣЩֶΡ
ĬϣʵһǳսԼʤΣԵõԼҪĶֻ벻ףΪʲôҪôԼʵ
ˣΪĪУϣˣǰͿסûɷ
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һʱȻ۲ϣмǧĻڣȻʿʿţϵְλҪǣ𵤾ŲΪС˵Ǹ֣ǶһɣȴǿߣԪӤΪģ֣ȴֵܶĴΪһϣ
˶ݸ֪飬һʱǵأе˵ţе˵ıƽڵģ֮ӿ粨ϡ
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102 
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һˣǰɫȹֵİɫɴʱľŮòԺ׳ǵǶǣϣϣ֪ԺȻŰľŮĹŵذ塣
һʮˣԺ׿ջȴǴ´ˡ
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Ƶģȴŵķ䣬ʲô£ȻԼԣԼɫҲɣӻһ˿ϵ
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ݳϣĿݡ
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Ѿˣ̸αأ˵ҲɼΪʦԶЦԷǣ
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ÿʮ꣬У仯ʱ̣Ҳλ仯ʱ˲ܱز䣬ҪֱǰṩλᣬҪʱʱ̿ǰԾ־衣
ʱɿԼһκɷսսʤͱսɣʤôɶɣȴҪΪɣңҪó󲿷ԴʤߣսʧܣɣɼʮĶɣ
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ϸϣڱǻΪжԷҸϣҶ춷Ļܴ󣬶ѩΪƳʿս춼һ˿ϣʵ޼˵˵սʤǻҪʤǲܣ
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俴ݶս飬ʱȻˣȴڱҲڷ
ﰵѩҲ΢΢Щޣֻû˳
ʱȴȵĳҷԣ


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΢΢ƺЩȴûʣֻʵݳϣΪηԣ
ΪӭսǴģҾܾս춼̯̯֣
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Ҳ֪ھŲΪ⣬˭ֻأԼŰɡ
аգͬˣȴصĿݡ
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ڴ漣ڣ̶̼꣬ɷţΪԺͶĴܡ
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ʯԽ࣬õľ۷ЧԽǿٶԽ죬ʵҲԽ죡
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죡룬Կһ⣬һΣϢɽ֮ϡ
С͸Ǽ̵ɽʯͺñѩڻһᣬɽ֮ϣһС˲ȥڶ档
ףɴɽУ˶ڿɽ棬ټϢ˾Ͳ֪ˡݺٺһЦٴν뼸ɣ͵ضʶֶȥ


104 Ϣ
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һӣݶͷ˿˿ܺ׵ģûնҲô顣
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105 ɺ
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107 һ
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Ѿˣ춷·磬ÿ춷ҪתʱһþȥͬѣΣֻܱư
ûаһӣ춷һסȻһͳ̨⡣
һʤ
źʱ򣬻ڵӻΪԼȲʣ˵ͦȻֻⳡʤȻ
ǶΪ֮Ѳ˵Ĳࡣ
춷ЩĻصڣȴû˼һЦ¡
һȻҪȴӮһм߻ڶʵǶӮˣôΪġ
˰Ŀ۽ڻϣѾսˣʣµģҲǳһ㣬ڣֵȳսźɨɨ·ڶսʼڳսԱ̨
ʱѾ̨ˣ˿ݣֿ˿ѩӣѯʡ
ϰɣЩµġʼ磬һҺܺµӡ
˽ǷһۣѩҲƴǣԾȥ
붷ڳսѡ̨ź迴ѩϳٴ˵
ڣüҪԼȥȴоһ˿ԤУΪʿﶼжصȻܻȴ֪ܻ
ڴʱ춼űѩӣ˫սⰺȻȥһ
Ǻãϵ˵ͷ
춼˷֮һԾѩš
˾ǳһΪνģ֡
źһ£ǿ߾Ϳʼˣ춼ȡѵȻҲǲȡѹƹƣȴ춷ֱӷŴС
춷ٶȣ
һ˦һ򵥵ķѾ˲ȥ˳ڵΪǼ򵥵Ļ֣ҲĪơ
ȻʩչȥѾˣǵѩ֮ʱ춼ȴѾӻѳ
춼뵽󹥻ǿ޿ɵֵ죡
Խ죬ѩӾͻԽţ
һͬѩѩҲһס춼˴ѷʤ̨ϣըâҫȫ
һʱ
ʱ
ⳡǿǿս̨µ˿ǶԪӤڻ߽ڵΪ̨սģȴǸ߳һǿڣղűӺ춷ս̫죬񫣬ƾеǿ߶սһ𣬲ʵģ
˶𣬱ѩӸҧʶƵһþס춼Ȼ÷ڹϣڴƣҪռŻ֧ţѩӿֲ֧סˡ
춼ܣҲǽпһþɾѣҿǿȹǿܹʱѻþ
ҲҧأˣǵڶܣڳˣôΨһĽǣʧȥŵλ
ֻʤܣ
˼ͬʹѾҲӲͷƤսȥǱҪһ˰ܣ춼Լ΢΢Ƴһ㣬ѱѩͳ⡣
춼ҲվȣǷ˳ȥ
ڵӰѱѩӷλѩһ˿ʺ𣬱ӰοҲˣҪ롣
ʱⳡսʣؼһζս
˾ǶԻڲϣǿʹ϶Ѿսˣ˼ҵǿȴûж֣ǻ䣡
ⲢսľУݺϣ̨ϣţ


108 ս
ѣּˡ΢΢ۣЦݣĶ˵
΢΢һЦͬǫѷľһ񣬵ǰˡ
˵Ľ̸ʿûжȥᣬɵүǾȻǻڵս֮ˣѡ
ʲô£ھȻһʿս
ǸֶγΪϵݣ
ʲô𵤾Ųȥսǲ㶺ˣ
棬۷׷ףϴϼɵȻһ룬ҴһأڶصٶǿȫѣιȥԸ֪ݴݣȻм
ڣԪӤڵĶѾӣοԵ֮һһ֮ó۷ǿߵˣ
˹źͲԺ΢΢ü⣬ʿһƬСеѵʵûôôһСɫȥⲻˣ𣿣
𵤾ŲսϺڣ磬겻ѣûĶս֮ǰβ²⣬²˭̨Ҳ벻ǽ𵤾Ųݣ
ʵЩʿǻڵĵǣӣԼûжģƴһѣӮѾҪˣҪǣǿųġ
սʼźŵЦݵһۣᶨսĿʼ
û˿иӥȫϳϺڵȻ䱬˲£ӴƵѹһͣȻԼƺѹʱȻ޴档
ľݵҲûгôӴ󣬿ǵۼͶȣȴܱȣ˵ѹҲԪӤڵЧǶԽ𵤾ŲݣȴЧ
ôͲԼӰ죬΢΢ۣһһţʿͨݣԲżȻ
ƶˣСҪСˣ
һ֣Щԭʿ죬ɴ۾̨ҪС
䣬ɫӿȻ䣬һ޴ġڿУȻݣ
ллǰѣҲҪˣݿŴſֲƵŲһΣƽسӰݲ֪ʱѾڿУ
񱩵ĹգڵϣȻ̨Ϊ֮ζһ¡
֮顪
ݶⷨѾ죬ʮָ趯ķɿ죬ɰٸµķһɣңӭǣ˲仯ʮɵ񽣣о飬ֺƾһ磬ʱʱңѾԣ
СѺøĽϿ鶯ĽâƥһãȻĲǵâ
ʱµʿѾһأ𵤾ŲСһ񲢲򵥣
ƺڹ̽ݵʵȻ䣬·ҪǮһ㣬ƴĺƵһЮſƵ壬֮Ȼݡ
̨һ貵ɫâ֣γܼĻƺҪݻס
Ǳ⹥ܣݵԻŮˡ
ң֮ͥŲ
ΪСΧŲ֮ͥŲԸսٺòݾͬķ磬ǻܼһƲĿ϶
磬޿ײ룡
ƮҡͥһһȴǡòãеĹȫܵ
һըڵϣڷһ֮ɢΡ
ڶһϵеĹ󣬲ʾһ֮ѡ㼤ȥϽٴƳĲԶԶء
СѺĲٴ޵ʱ򣬳ʿѾĿɿڴղǷӣӲ̽Լ
𵤾Ųʿ̨̤һԭģЩԪӤڵǿߣұ֤ϵǷºĳ
ڵĵҲһرǰѩһ˫һգգ̨ϵ꣬ɫһĨӡ
ǿʼֻϿݵʵȴΪϵĶ֣ϾĲģû˵˭Կ绹Ӯġ
ʵˣҲˣ𵤾ŲڳϺǿߵĿ񱩹¼ôá
ݻ
СѣҪˣϺսд裬ȻѣձϣĴУѾϯ
񷣡
һӣƵͻȻ޴ȻסݣȻ󲻶СݵĿռ䣡
񷣬˼壬񷣬ѹɷ䣡
֪ݲʩչУʱֻеΧѹһأȻһ룬Χռ䱻Ľ
ƣ
ݽ˲䣬Ӵɫ壬˺һе־ͺХƿݣ޿ɱܣ


109 ϵս
군ˣݵСˣ
ذɣ
ѽǾĲ࣬ݲð㷴
˳еһ̣ȫˣϻ˼ˣսǺḻʱ׼񷡯պðסʹ޷ܣһ˲䣬֮ơ־Ѿݣ޿ɱܣ
ǱһкУ㲻ǣҲһзϣڹؼʱ̱ض֣Ҳ԰̨
˾Ǹ̾Ѿȷݱɡ
ʱ򣬻ڵȴԵ࣬ϸǿκ
䣡
û˿ɣ񱩵ݵϣҲջؼ˺Сӡ
ǣеʿֻ¶һ룬ȴûвȫ
ݵȷ޿ɱܣǣƼԼȻ䣬ݵ϶ȻϹ⣬ֳɫϹ⣬Ǵ֮ϱģ
䣡
˹ֻеϼâٴαǣţһӴƵ񱩵ıըȻڱϼжȥһ룬ʣĳ徢ֱӰݺڵϳϳĺۣ
զ࣬ڿҪȥ̨ʱһҧڰһȻԾһڵϡ
ϼһ˲䣬еʿ۾ɵùԲţرԪӤǿߡȥϼɵǣǿݵ˵
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ʱû˭ٸСݣǰݣŵͬȵĸ߶ȣ
ź衢ԺסҲ¶ڣȻƬ̣ЦСѿĪĻ
ҶѡǫһЦղŶлǰˡ
㲻Ҳסġϰ˰֣ȴͻȻĵСѼȻ׾ϵҪȫˡ
ϹȻ֣Ѹĸ粽ڲĲǬ
򵥵ƽĲȴ˲׷ݣϣҲûͣ£
ơɱ
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ݺȻʱ̨ԵֻҪ΢һƣͿϳ֣ϵȷӣǹϵŵλĴ£
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䣡
ң񽣷ƥټתĳƣ˲ƷȻζӰأλá
ʱһҿӦʱҪȻ鷳ˡ
Ͽݵ;ԽԽ𺳣뵽СܹɱԪӤŲ۷ǿߣ治Ǹǵġ
һҪʼʩһӣȻ䣬Ƶٴ͸Ҫһסݣʹ޷ʩչѣ
ǣԹﻹϵʩٶȼ죬ݾҪ㲻
սǱܣ
Σսٵһ˲䣬ͫȻһͻȻˡ
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Ҫסңܣ
ݵͬһɫĹߣԭܲ͸Σ©ٳ
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˲䴳磬ȻϵĲ
ȥһ˲䣬ӾѾָ⣬ʿȻվоǲţ
ǸղŷݵͬǿӰӲݣ⡭ôܣ
ǲͬݣݸղʩչ츳ͨʱͿռʱͿռȴһֱô졣
ԲŻìܵĴ
ԭסݺĴ㣬ǵ׼ʹˮʱѾһ񱩵ľɭȻɱĽâȻ˵
Ѿûʱȥ롮ôܣˣʱμæˣͬʱȻӿγһǽ
Ӭֺ󣬵ǽͽӿƵͬ˳˫ۣӿһ˲䣬ݸĴΪģȻڷ֮ϡ
ңޱȣҲȷ᲻̽ȥȻѾԿɲ˭ϲȥ˵
ݲˣԸΪ˳ȥ
ʹˣǿǿײĳײʱú˵ٶٴһ֣֮ⷴ£Ѿ̨Եֻʮɣ
˫һαȻ׷ȥ


110 С
һ⣬͸ֻƬ̣ѾȻǣͬһɵɽ𣬳ű˵ϣȻȥ
Ʒӡճ
¶ͫȻһǴųƶĽɽѿڶӡ
£˼ʶݺӡĻˣʿһɱ飬ȻǺӡ
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ҳֲĿռڶ˱ڶɣ
ڣô
𵤾ŲճʿݣȻѺӡʩչˣ
ѵǸˣûбڶɣ
¶Ϥһۣ𾪵޿ɶƣģԼҲûаմͬȳķ񹥻´
Ҫ֪ǿǳǧʿĺһ
ʿʵ̫ˣ
ûٸ˵ʲôЩЦ뷨ҲȻ޴棬ڳϵݣһѹϣϷ磡
ӡӲԪӤǿߣȻӡɺܴ˺Ǿ޴Ͽ񱩵ĳƣ԰ͳʮ⣬ʱϳ֣䣡
ʿǣ֮ǰЦòֶγΪڳϸе죬˼ʵ֮һѹƣѵʤһɵĳϣ
źͲԺ׵һۣҲǺȻָŵһ˿Ц֪ΪǰͻȻݳΪˣԭԤıǸСӣţ
ҲУôȵˣ
λźڵһǿߣŵʵǴ
ͷһ֦
ٿϣӡӴɽӿѹһеƣںǱʵǿ񱩵ĳͳȥԶ
̫СˣȻ˲ңսǱԣֻҪȥ̨䣡뵽ԼȻҪһСޣЩᣬ¹ŵλɲǱԵ飬ˣ¶Ϊһɣŵǧˡ
ˣҾҪһΰɣ
µ˶ס˺Ҷ϶˱޿ɱܣЩ꣬óϺڣҪ𵤾Ų
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һǧ֮ʣؼȻһ񱩵޺𣬶Ȼƾճ־޴ĻӰ
Ľ׺ޡ컢
ͨ죬ͬСɽ
컢ӴȻӡײһ𣬺ӡȻһͣͣ컢Ľ׺ڣ൱ԪӤڵʵȴϵıɳȥһԭɵĿҪ̨ķ컢ȻʧһγֵʱѾϵĿ£
ԭԴСǸղŵƣѾݲˣڲԴСԶˣ
»Ȼ
ȻƵٻ컢ˣ
С̫ţˣ컢ڳ֣һҪԿˣ
϶Կ컢ΪĽ׺ޣټϷ컢Ļ湥ݿûжˣ
Ҳȥ˵ôݵǴ䣬ڻæλãЩյĶ˵СѣΪţҲòƤһˡ
΢΢һЦʾԼ⡣
ǣһ룡
𡭡
һ޺һƾǰһ˲䣬϶һͷʨӡŽޣ׻ʨ
˸ߵС죬ϣСɽķ컢Եѷɫ࣬СǾŽƣȴȷ컢Ҫǿʢһ֣
𡭡С컹δֻ꣬Сƨ׶Σ¹һƣͿ԰Ǹѹſ£
С죬ұֺһ㣬Ҫ綪˰СԾȥڽ׳Ƥëıϡ

һͷޣ𵤾Ųʵ
СޣûȫɳȻн𵤾ŲʵˣʨӵƷǸߵˣ
𵤾ŲʵҲСޣ
ҲԷΪʤҲǲܣ
ݽΪԭĸʿһ޴ĳһδʿǵ飡
룬һ漣ߣֻҪʲôпˡ
С죬˵ǲԾ΢΢鴤׻жٵư̫Ѳˣ
СϣϸоԼµķ컢ʵӦñȽǿһ£Ƿ컢𡯵һСɽһԾɾ룬
СǾŽޣǵ˳꣬ǿڴ˵ǿߴڣЩʿû֪СݣҲֻĪͨܵĴܣ׼ȷ֪ɣ
ԣʮ㣬˹ȥ


111 

Сʮջ𣬷·оԼȨܵ˼ƣȻС仹۵ǹȴͬ޻ŭģκηϣ
컢СͬΪϵޣСǾŽ׻ޣ컢ȴֻĽףͬһǻʵѪͳһƽѪϵĸһȣȨСλߵѹ
Ƿ컢ŵһ¶ֵɫ
ʲôޣܵԼ޵ĻźͿ־壬֣˱̬Ҳ̬
æķ컢󣬷컢ӲͷƤ޴ĴȻһţȻһž޴ɫ棡
ݿǻ棬˵̴С챳ˣ컢˵˵ҲԪӤΪټǻϵޣԶԶԳܵģȻϼ壬յͷʲôģչǲá
С㶵վǣʿǴСУ컢ĻѲֻʨȻҲǻϵޣͬĵϵĲࡣ
ѵʨҲһӾ
ǿ϶ġ
ǵȻСȴСĵɫ¶ĵмɻԼϣ鷢ˡ
ǻͬû¶Ƶģ棬ûκα仯ֻǿٵڽСƤë·õ˲ƵģСȫƤëܵ󣬸ӻй

벻²һ֣ΪʿǣȴѰôŵ˵ֻñ㶵ĿŰѷ컢浱ӪĻʨӡ
̬̬ޣ
ô˵СѾǳľһţԼȻûܵ˺µ޾ȻҹԼѾ漰⡣
ɧСܣһ쵽µĻ籡ʱ̨Ŀ˲ˣ
츳ͨٵػ
ϴʱܵø죬һˣ컢Ļ̶ΪˣúܣԪӤڵ˰϶ѻֻʨӿ԰ôĻ浱˵Ļӿֲ
ǻһƣ̨ȣ󣬻̺ôֲ
ϧķ컢㲻СٵػУʱ컢ı鼫ʹڡؿʼȼʹڵϷСɽСʹ̨ѡ
С㣬һţְŻջڣҲȥ٣ٵػȻֲǴۼСųɳ𵤾Ųʵάֲ˶á
ǽһ컢ѾÿˣȫƤëյ룬һζ壬Ѿǹͺͺģȫսˡ
ʱ򣬷컢ѾеĻ̿ˣߵ޵ѹϣǻǿϣǰ޻δ꣬Ѿ㹻ӡ
컢ʱ¶С죬ģСС鼫㣬ŷ컢һҺ𣬷컢¶һ˿ȻԹԵС졣
˾ǲֻ֪ڸʲôãֻǣ³ֻڽ̸ҿС飬ͺںǳʲôġ
ֻ޶Сˣֻʣ̸ͬĺݺȴˣԭҪȺŹû뵽ھưƽʤĹؼȻȡˣ
ҲʮΣֻӲͷƤ಻̨ӿһ񱩵ķ֯ңͥŲ·ڷÿУҲʾһȥ
˶ƯƮĲѾеܼĻܹӺ۵ķ϶㣬ÿʩչ񷡯ʱݵսǱ̱һ˲
ϴò£˾пԡ
̨ϲͣʩΪһͣסݹĽԵͷ಻ķ£࣬ʵദֻ֪
ĲԵģ𵤾Ųôϳϰ˲ۺΪôƳң֮ͥŲҪټԼ٣֧ܶ࣬š
ڲϵʩ£ҲǾ޴ġ
𵤾ŲսڣӲǴһ£ѷֵ֣
еʿǶѾסˣǻڵıӵˣǹսļǧʿǹźţǱݸסˣ
ƿԣžֻǵɴ۾쳣𱬵ĳ棡
Խ𵤾ŲʵԽսҴ÷˿࣬ĲοݹͷǡôӦã
ţЩƺܹ꣬Ԫ½磬ҲûгֹôǿĹ
ӱضһɳ죬ѵ˵ԽԽ˥ܵԪ½磬ϣˣ
꣬һۣض磬


112 𺳵Ľ
Զϻο棬ȻۿԼͽܹԪ½ǿߣ֮һһս֮
ʲôԼͽʵǿ̶ֳȸأ
޺ˡԶ롣
̨ͬսݣ¶һ˿ϲȻ̶̼꣬ѾԼûмʣԵĸˣֻϲ֮࣬һ˿ꡣ
´Ҳ׷ˣǵľԽԽԶҲǰûҽսˡ
ѩҲ临ӣǸˣտʼԼʣԹɵԼͷ˵ǷʱͬһˮԼЩѬĵͷ
һ˲䣬ѩſͬôΰ
ѩ̨ϵӣૣôǿ
ľսͬѹϷ㣬˵ڶѩӺ춼սֱ˿ĴĻôսֱ
ûôʵսˣ
ΪԽߣԽݣʤⳡսȴͬ
˸г˭Ҳκβ˭
һΪտۺһƮ죬ˣ̨ҧأֻΪս
˶ƣ
ڵ˫ӿȵս⣬˫סң񽣣â£Ž˫ѾԽĲ˫Ŀ磬ڶ񱩵
ݿףһȣȫ۵£һؾ룬Ȼϣ
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ңȻǰɣԿ磬˺ѿƥƣһǰϺ˹ȥ
룬Լ齣򵽵ؾ磬ĶĻûô
ͬĪʩչǺһ٣ϵĽ⣬ǸʱĲ㣬Ȼ˲ڵ
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ֻϧ齣쳣ѲͻƽᵤڣңϣͻƵڶأ
ˣݷ齣ң񽣣ħһ翪ٵصĺ棡
ϸܵ񱩷Ƿƣ۾΢΢һѾڳʵԼȻǳϺΪҲСһ
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ԡƾɱ
˳£࣬һأ˫֣ѾػӰһƵʮָ趯γɳɰǧӡ֮ĸֿںϣһ޴ķͬѪͻŰһе־ϣ
ƥȴǿ˲ıը
ײȻŭ𣬺Ȼ죬̨ҵ
ڽӴһ˲䣬Ȼըѣ񱩵ıӿĻɽ˲䣬ݸܵһԵֵȻײԼǰϼâǾ޴ĳȴҲжģ
ݵȻƷɣܸͬ㳯ȥ
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ȻһѪҺͬ󴸻Уٺɳȥ
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ͬʱݺ˾ڳ⣬Ʋѣϼֵס˴ĹƣҲǸзϣϸù˿˿Ѫλҡ
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źҲĿɿڴҲ̫˾ˣ˼Ⱥ֡
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һۣǿЦѡ
ڣ֤˵źǳЩЦ˱ƽ֣
ʿǻȻ
ƽ֣Ȼƽ֣û˷ԣֻھ̫̾ˣǸ𵤾Ų꣬Ȼڲúϰ˲ľǿߴƽ֣
𺳣̫ˣ
ڵŮǷ׷ΪݺȲʣڵɫ͹࣡
ǿŵûĶ֡
Ǹղŵǳսȴʵʵķˣ
£ƺûһëǮϵˡ
סʹ߹ĵĵԹӢ۳꣬˳ϲҰ


113 µĴ
ǰˡݵЩ˼ʵҲռװıˣͲֵܵסǰκһ
СѲҪ˵Ҳʵһ֣˵ҵ𵤾Ų㣬ԲСѵĶ֣һΣϵķڷ
Цû˿Թ֮̾
ԣʱȻ𾴣ϲһ֮۷֣ȣܹȡ
СѣԺпգǶŶеӭϹЦݵļ򣺡ϹͷȥϢˣסп
ȥʱһ䡣
һһЦϣͷ
ϣͷ޸ԸСƨƨ߸ݵĺ棬ݶʱЩССӣղŲռϷΪʲôң
ٺ١磬ֻϻĸģҸղæѱϴ󣡡С۵Щ˵ζ
ݣ
ĸϻҲҪ
ݺգͷɫʨӣתǱߣСҲΪ˷ܣǣСèСݣȻ׼˷ܵҪϻȥ
׼ñɫǻҪɫСóѣ˲֪ͷƴСʨ˼ݺͨ᲻֪
һֻֿٵסСԾڰյӣûİᵽԼļϣﾯ棺ССӣ׼ռıˡ
ߣ˭˵㻰˵ôȥԨĸʨӵġСί޹СӸ˵
ݣ
ҲûʱʱȥòװôȶС죬ߵǰʱ򣬻ڵŮǣ˰һ㣬ĸó羴ĤݵݣЩʡ
ңʿǣҲһִԼ
Ǽ֤һ漣ĵܲ˷𣿣
ëëģܲĿĸо
˼ûдӮһģһײǽС̫˰ɣ
Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ȻѾķǳˣֱǳǵϣĵģһԾŶźһؽ㣡
︹̣һףԼ˵˵ԼӦģȴӦýгĽ֪ĻΪֶ󷽡
ҾڴȶлˣЩȥϢˣݻǲòװģһлȻȥ£ȥģҪֻʥ˶ѣ
áӳɽò׳һ˿Ҳϵ͡
ȴƲƲ죬ﰵ³֣
ɺŵĶУݱչصϢ棬ȴΪս
෽ȨཻһʤһһƽıΪƽ֣յĽԪ½罫ţĴţ
ӴһһţһţҲ˵Ժ磬Ĵţ
ⳡսڵλû»ڵĵλȴȻǧ̶ĸ֣糱Ļ
ӣضʷڱΪȣǧ֣
˭Էϣᣬҫ۵ģǸʿᵤŲݣ
ԭĬĬŵĻڴһۣҫ۵ǣݵضᴫ磡
Ԫ½ÿط½½в˺Ȳʵսɺŵսȴ۵ģ۵սһҫ۵ǡݣ
̶ʱ綼֪һݵʿճһԪ磬Խ𵤾Ųʵϰ˲һǿ֮һսƽ֣
һۣѾݵһʱ䣬ݵϱھСʱǹ¶ȻԼǿĶ棬Ϊ˹ֲҽΪڵӣȻڶ̶һʱΪڵҫ۵Ĵڣźʱһ࣬ճһɷţúӡǿ߽ϼɵϲ£
ֱһµĴ棬ŵĳǰݵĳɳõ־ϣǷ׷׽𵤾ŲսϺںǣѪڣݵĹ£ͬһĿ꣬һ񻰣һյƣǶδϣ
ŮʿҲ׷״ݣǷµȵȡ
֮ܶĽݳΪһӵżʿݣһʿ˳ݵĴǿߣ


114 ԸԸ
ڳΪĴŵϢҲͬƽһ磬
ͬʱǷʾʽһɵλɡţ
ûвɢϯⳡսĻʿǷ׷뿪ɺţɺҲرš
˻صں
ھڻ졣
ݶԴû˿û˿ϲӵĶƽվֱӡ
ݣܸл㣬ҵŵԡ΢΢һЦ
ֻǽףã˭Ҳøл˭˵ʵʵͦбӵģԼƭˣһӴˣе˶Ϊˡ
ΪʥټϿǰĸ׵ķϣݵԸ񣬾Բıá
ڣһԸһԸ
ѾӦɵģҲӦõõӦõõ˰ɡƽ쳣ֱ̯˵
ģұΪһ֮ƭ㣡Ҳ֪ݵ̬ȣһĴȻɳһС
УȻ󻺻򿪣ӳͫǣġͨ弸ӽ͸ľɢ֮ھӨܱ߲ơƷʥ
ŵģٴκУݸݡ
ԭƽϳһ˿ʱݵȻһ£ߣԼʥڵõˣ
Ŭƽĵ飬Ȼ棬ס룺ĪУҵõʥˣֻҪõʥˮͿԻָˣ
ڽľٶ֮е¡
ٴȫ緢ͨ棬ԻڹΪɣϳְλͬʱҲǻˡ
һʱȫڣڶʿΪҫ۵żԩӻֹӲŵΪ
Ҷɵӣڱ֮ǰڣΪսǵﵽĿĺȴһŰ˼߿
ԵԤıʵҲ˲³϶ԶԶûô򵥣Ϊʼգûκξٶ
ô˵֧ݵǾġ
˻ϲǣɵϲ쳣ݵʵ֪У뿪ڣΪɢޣɸһᣬڡڡɺŷ׷Ҫ뺯ݳΪŵϣΪԼʵ
Щźһʧ£˴η粨ݺƾʧһ㣬ҲûһһֻڵݣΪ˶ţԴҲ˺ü
ݣҪֱ飬ⱾһףΪŵλҾΥڹڣ߳ȥҲǶԵʦǣοţҵصҵĸޣҾȾָҵŮ
ѩૡ
ʦǲǺܶˣڵˡѩããɽһ۵СɽһɽС
ԼһŴ󴲣棬Գ
ͽ㲻롣ԶЦݴͷӺɷҪñ˵оٶӰԼľ߼ģԶΪΪʥΪʦĪУǰԼ־һǰǶԵģ
ԶȻʵҲݣǰƳ£ȴżߵľǸ⣬ҲԶͽԪӤڣҲһűٵ³
ллʦѡݵ˵ͷûдԼΪǰԼ־ֺαں˵أʹڲȥҲȥ
ʵǽᵤŲ㣬Ѿﵽʿؼƿ֮һᵤڵԪӤڣͬһǵ󲿷ʿһҲԿǵ
˼ͻⶫǿ󲻵ãһҷʧȥĿˡ
ãУʥˮⶫ翣ݸ޴֣ԼΪﵽƿǿͻƷ߻ħһûĿꡣ
˼һƮҡ룬Ȼ֪ѾڻڣͺˣĸףʣúܺãԼҲûʲôǣҡ
ȥɣԼˣȥһԪ½̬ܲͻľԪӤڡ
ţ뿪˱ѩɽҲУԼһȫͨˣͨ˵ĽɫԪ½׽磬ӱݣԣ½
Ҳһ꣬Ҳ꣬Ѿʱ䣬֪һλصݣǸϤĵطݳǣȥǰֵ̯ȥ˳ǰϲԵСԣȥסĵط
ȻʮɽɽѾû˵ĻЦա
ХԡذЩڼӰѾԼɢ֪Ʈ䵽η
֪һλصԨǸɽеɽ


115 رͼ
ȻûκݻϰԵ棬һóͼЩ꣬һֱĥųƿԸıĶʲô
ͼ׳ɽͼεİڳӱϣʵ벻ס
С쿴ͼʱȤ˹ҧͼճöСһжʮֺ档
ǽȴСΪջô˺ҧͼʼձԭһۼҲûС
𡭡
С챾Сԣջͼֽ˾ſһ£ٵػ
ݸտʼС֣ǵС»ʱһҪֹѾ
ϵͼȼǹͼԵֵٵػ
С쵰Ҫյ̫ʦƴģ쵰۽УСҲеԼ£æѻջ
ݿŵϵͼֽԭҪƿڴʱסˡ
ʰͼͼϣջһС룬ջ٣һС룬ǱյĵطԭɽӾûˣȴһƬģı
ݿ⣬˫Ȼһԭԭ
Щʹɻͼ·Ҫʼˮʯˡ
С죬»𣬶ͼ»𣡡ݰͼڵ£С˵
Сʱû֪ҪԣԹԵһͷͼһٵػ
ͼһαȼݵһҲᵽɤĿתĶȼյͼ
˺ˣС˻档Ƭ̣æ
Сɵ̻ػ棬ϣԭͼ䱡һ룬ͼ滹¡
ǣݿԭ׳ɽͼѾȻʧҲ˵ϵͼĿ
ͼϣںڰģͷ·һƿīȥϸ۶ţǿڵıż۵ݽ·ڹʲô۵ģȴ۵Уһ죬ģıһɫԵ쳣ҫۡ
ѵǲرͼﰵ룺ǸǱصڵأ
²⣬Ǽ߾ǵͼǱصĴλãǸǾλá
ٴͷˣǼߣȴû˿ͷ̲סݱԹͼҲֲ̫ˣ㻭ߣҲ̫ͳɣ֪ȥң
Թ鱧Թݻͼֽо
ǱصĻʲôأųƿԸı磿ݿͼǶ翵ıأ˺ġ
룬ԼҲûʲô£簴رͼȥңûʲôջ
뵽⣬ٴо
ƾڵı򵥵ļߣʵ벻Щ꣬Ԫ½Ԫ½Ҳ˽ⲻ١
Ҫҵر֮أͱΧԪ½ƵҪäĿѰңǴ룬ΧҪرͼľ飡
ϸĦرͼرעǼֵߣݰе񶼷⼸ϣһ߿ȻԺﲻģ⼸ߵı仯ʲôӡ
ݲ²⣬⼸ߣӦһϿȣ
Ԫ½ݵϿΪҲΪ࣬ݰĿݣͺðˣݵ¾뿪ݣǰݣ
ֱ˷磬һʱ䣬ѾԽ룬ݣ磬ģĴеĶڣݲȥݷãһסһͨĿջЪ֮ء
Ա㣬һû˵ĵطڱ˺֪£һ⣬ϸ߿֮ϡ
رͼӦþӸøӵӾģҪҵǸطҲ뵽߿֮ϣ
һϢǧɣڵͬӥۣһɨһɽһϿȡ
ЩϿɽߣͲرͼϵļ߽жԱȣźǣ޽
һ죬ݰݵɽͷ壬ƽԭϿȣֻҪĵȫɨһ飬ź
ѵҲ²ˣѵݣüȴûգ۶ͲסҲҪָͻƽᵤԪӤ
ʱҹĻ䣬֦ͷǣ׺޾ĺĻ
ſջϣЩʣʶųΧ˾˯֮򿪴һ⣬˲ʧջ˲ãҹɫС
ǰѰһΣݸɴǳҹɫڸ߿֮ϣʱһƬţ綼ޱȵݺָоҹûп־壬һְ
㣬ڸ߿֮ӽڡ
ûУԣˣҲǡһɽųݲ٣ٴתһطȻڸ߿գûϣĿ·һ룬ͫһȻһ


116 ħ˵
ҹĻ£Ļ¹֣缸ݺᡣ

ݸ·ڵıͬϸߣһеһУͲرͼһޣ
ҵˣҵˣ
ϲ쳣ԭˣرͼڱԭԢҹĻֻҹĻ£ܹǼߵİ
뵽⣬ݲԵһңҿԼû£ѰһҪȻҵ£Ҳֲ˲رͼϵĵص㡣
ݼסλãȻȥ
ȻѾ֪ǸطҲûбҪ𼱻ǵĳȥ˭֪ǱʲôΣգ֪Ĳֲġ
ΪʲôҹĻ־壬Ϊǳδ֪޾ڡ
ǰľЩѾĥƽ࣬ȻȻûԪӤڵżľѾࡣ
صջݱĿϢԼȫ״̬
գݽˣ뿪УȻڿն𣬳Ǹطɳ
һᣬѾҹվǸطʱٿȥ಻ɽһ޴ĴϿȣ
ն·Ȼڰ죬벻رͼ˿ϵ
ϿȸһСһڸȻɽׯ˹ȥ
ݼװһϲɽˮү߽ӣĴӣ۸ŮǺӣڵ϶ǹŴӺЦݡ
ǺУ繫ӰݣԵú飬һԷЩļ¡
˵ŨصǿöӦ֪ط÷¤ׯ滷ɽӦɽһߣһռؾ޴ĴϿȡ
񿿴Ϊ򵽵ȥĳԴάơ
򸾷ǳ飬꺺ӽǽ׳ªĲ£һļ߸߳ڵȴŽ׵ݣ¶ӵЦݡ
Ů仨ڿҿңһɽԣ仨ڼɵũһСʮ࣬ڳ顣
壬ĲóԡƾɵķľϣݳżӵķˣԵ˵
ʱӵˣڵϹЦݡ
óԾͶһ㡣ÿ͵ǰƽʱ᲻óԵĶȫдݣЩжóӣ壬ڳ壬
ôУôҪǮǼæؾ
˵˵ѼУ⼸ӣ˵΢ǶƶļͥȴǾ޴Ĳ
СӰҪ졣˵ѹźȵ׾óȶ˼֣ż˵÷¤壬ûʲôģɽҰ޶࣬С͵ǸϽȥɡ
Ǻǣģ깦ģġţʮĵ
ӵĴȴĳЩӲ֪ߵغĳǿ
ǰҲô˵ɽôҰޣȴôģҿСӼҾС϶ûгԹʲô֪࣬Ұ޵Ż˵˵գԼĲ׳ϣݺύģİ̺ۣ㿴ҵϾ֪ˡ
ݿﷺһ˿ԵζǵײֻΪ˼򵥵ȴǰȥˣΰģ
壬õģҲȥɽˣȥϿȣϿͦƯģٲһ˿Цݣģο
СҪȥϿȣ仨ԭһ˽̸棬Ůûжٵλ˲ǼĶ
Դ仨ûʲôǵ˵ҪȥϿȵʱһȻ˵ȥȥð
ݵĻԭҲѲ٣ѽСӣȥðȥã
˶һֵı飬·ϿȴʲôǳֲĶ
кܶҰ𣿡ΪϿкܶҰޣǻᵣģǽȴݵϣ͵ҡͷ
ݶʱɻˣ壬ûҰޣʲôµġ
Ұ޿ֲǧ򱶣˵ʱϻһֵģϿȵΣգ˵ֱǿ̹ġ
ǵʲô׷ʡ
ʱһۣһЩԥһҧСӣǸϿȣǶħϿȰпֲĶħ
ѽСӣֻҪ÷¤ģ֪ϿȣǵĽأû˸ҽӽʮ֮ڵķΧ
ħħϿȣȻħʵʮӱûмʶħ
ƭ˵ģ壬ʲôħݲţЦ
ģе֪ģֱڣħ֣ǳ˵÷¤ÿ˶֪Ķħ˵


117 ħϿ
ħ˵
Щ棬ϸ˵˵𣿡
ĵȥħϿһһʮĵ
ʮǰǸʱ򶼲꣬ħ˵ǴǸʱʼģǰϿȵȷǺõطҲϲȥˮǾ죬Ҽǵú棬ͻȻ䣬ǸϿȻ䴫һ죬ٲ¡¡Ҫǧٱ󱬷۵һƬâ̫۵ĹâǸʱ򣬼ֱͬĩգǵĵ涼Ǿǿâ;˴죬ƽ
ΪûˣǾڵڶ죬ģͻȻϿȴëȻͬħЦϿͻȻð̣գǺ̾ǿһۣӾһƬһַǳĸоӴԺÿ죬ͻģħЦйĺɫڤ֮ʱǰ죬ʱȴϣܶ˰ˣȥĳ򣬿ûǮûʲôģֻסľ֣
ҺõǣǸħǸϿЦǲҲͰһ㣬ӴԺû˸ҿǸϿȣһĴ˵Ƕħǲڵ˳Ͽڡ
˵һֱڣҲˣԼĺӣ˵ǻÿһճĺӣǲҪϿȡ
һһ㶵ģϸȴĳֻ죬йڤɫɷжħһжĿǸ˵еĶħû˿
²⣬ѵǹâ;ʿڴսǶħ͹ɷô£
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ϿȵĶħ𣿡ʵ
ᣬȻᣬһʱ䣬ħֻ࣬Ǹ£Ȼ˵͹ɷ
֪ˣлл仨ѣҲȥˣ̫ˡװһµģǷġ
ѽȥá

пջ氡һᣬίȥ˼򸾵£ݲгȥʧ򸾵ߣӵĴڿҿҵæ
ݰӺ˶һһ⣬ʧԭأ÷¤崫˵еĶħϿȷȥ
ô˵ǸرͼڵĵطƬϿȣûеģ
ݺôԪ½綥ǿߵĴڣǱħ˵ˣǵΪЦ
ѵرͼħ˵йϵ뵽񶨣ôܣرͼʦģѾʱǧ꣬ħ˵ȴǶʮǰŴģҲ̫ˣҲɡ
ħѰұذɣ
ţܿ죬ѾϿȵϷʶ޹˼ɵչȥûκ쳣üħûгְ
ҲãʡĶһ£һϿУϿߣߴɣͰ磬ϿȺܴ󣬺ܶСϿȣǵϿȣ·£ǧٲȻ£ƾˡ
ϣȴӰ졣
رͼϵǸ㣬ӦþǱصĵط
뵽һڿնǲرͼֵߣȻ뵽ƬççϿϡ
һϿȵģڶϿȣûдݰϿȫߣȻۣӡ֤ͼֽĵͼ
úȻۣڼ߽洦
ڵӶԶɽݺύγһϿȣرͼϵĺ㣬Ǹ
˵еĶħƺûʲôݰ룬ѵħ˵Ǽٵģ
ȥڲرͼҪ
ѹסĵļһӶȥ
ľ룬ֻǼϿգ·ûд·
·ͬǿĵһͨݺύͬϵ˰̡
նѾȥڸ߿УϿ·ͦСģȥݲ֪Ͽ·СʮңͼֻС棬ССһ㣬ȴǺܴһεڸѰҪҳڴ
һ·ϣÿϿȶŹϸĸӦɽûаػأû֮һٶҲΪˡ
Ƭ飬ȴûз˿ͬƽƽϿһû˿ͬ
ܵģһʲôط
ݲģϸŸղÿһϸڣÿһ֮
Ȼһѵ


118 
һһΪտƽأƽֻм޴ʯ
ԣղЩͬǾտĵطҲ벻Ǹرصĵط
ʲôͬĸط
¶˼ٴڿոһڵͻȻһ뵽ˣԾĵطڵϣ
Ȼӿ˳ͬһ磬ѵеĳϯȥƽأ¶˱Ŀ
ݵŵ棬Ȼط¶˹죡
ߵͲƽտϣһâͼ·Ϊһ壬âͼһɳÿǶһСۡ
âͼڲһµķģСŲ£ǵĿȥĻ
ͻоâͼ͸һǵħģݸеâϷĿռ䣬Ȼʱ޿̲΢΢Ť
Ϸռ䣬ĳȶ
ݸоһֻ֮ھͬݷޣǴﵽĳϷ϶־˵ı仯
ݸо¹ش󣬲ɵϸʱ仺ţݳâͼϣڵóһۣâͼĳͨǵʵĳλܣµ󷨣
󷨣ͻȻ뵽ԼԺĪļ䣬кܶ󷨵֪ʶֻʱޣûü
ڶֻ׶ΣҪ͸ϵ󷨣ǲܵģҪŪ󷨵İأֻпĪеļû󷨵Ϣ
뵽⣬Ҳ˲ô࣬͵ϥ΢΢ʼԺﺣ֪ʶ
Žɱ󣬾Ŷ󡭡
һ󷨵ϢݵԺ֣ȻһһˢԣģҲǡ
ʱڲй÷ɿ죬գۣѾ
ѾЩƣһѰѾǳԲĪԺļͬ󺣣ݵԿǹӾһСϪһʱ䣬ӴϢݵԴű
ƣҪ뷨һθһ󷨡
ΰ֮һâ󵽾â󣬴ޱȣǿŤתռ䣬ﵽãâС봫ͣһ֮Ĵͣâڴ½κξĴͣһﵽâһһĴͣ˵еľâ󣬸Ǵ˵ֱͨɽ硭
⴫ϢԽԽ𾪣Ǵ
ۣڵ˫ӿ޾ĺȻ
ԼǰģȻһ󣬶Ƕİâ󣬿Դһ棬͵һ棡
ⷬϢҵЩѲеϢ̫ȣ
棬ѵ磬Ԫ½棿
ݴС󣬾ΪԪ½Ԫ½磬ⷬϢȴǰǱʶٹ̵뷨˲ơ
磬棬Ҹд˵еɽ磿
⡭Ϣ̫˺Ȼˣ
ϢǳĪеļ䣬Ұ˽âҲĵȷȷǰɡ
ݺôԪ½ʿľǿޱȣϢ̫ˣҲʧȥƽ
Ǿ֮ܰݿЦҡͷ
ʦû˵ɽʹ󣿡һһʮİϢ˵ԶԶҲʮֶݣݣָƽһЩǰҲƵĴ˵ǽ봫˵ԶʱڴģڣҲֻһƬ档
˵ʿﵽɽںҪɹ٣ȻͻƴڣҲǴ˵еˣǿգ𻯳ɣɽ磬ڽģΪʦҲ
˶ϢסˣԪ½棡
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¹شбҪȥԪ½ʿǣһףΪʲô˵رͼϵʿĸ֣ˣǿƿ磬ǻıʿԭĸ
Ԫ½֮⣬棬һд͹ȥжʿ̲סȥһðأ
ʦʧͼܾͨ뿪Ԫ½
ʦôһȥһ֤⴫󣬺пȥ޻أ
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ͲǲرͼһԭԹģܳܵܣ
ѾȥҵĴ۴£
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ͳɳƵ˻𣬻ģҡ塯
˭ѵ÷¤崫˵еĶħҲ񰡣÷¤Ķħа͹ĺħĺèո˵ħû˿η塣
Դأڵͬӥһ㣬磬˲䣬ͫһ߶ٲ봦
׼ȷ˵ٲɽ
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Сʻ괬Ȼ˵ո˵󣬻Ǹ÷ĻҪ
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ݾˣǰľ
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ֻ߸޴ʯݲеκβ죬𺳵ģɽɽġˣ
ƾݵĸо߸޴ʯǰһ󷨲ãÿһʯһ׳ȥ߸޴ʯΧס봦Ǹˡ
߸޴һסĸס֫Ҳ̶õǣֱӴùǣ
˻Ǵӱ߸ס﷢ģȴǸʱʹζġ
ݰסĵ𾪣Ǹסˣһʵֻ꣬ʱȴ쳣㲣ҵͷʮûסҳڵϣǷѾӣҰˡ
üµһ˫۾ȥѾʧȥɣǷϡ
ֻǸ߸ߵıͰѲ԰ȴĿ촽֤ǰӢˡ
ƺо˽ԭֻʶ꣬Ӷ˼ɣ΢΢̧ͷݣ¶һ˿޾ݵĿЦȻſ˵СӣȻ֪ôﲻĵطȥɡ
㲣ƣ룬ȴβסǴԵɤ
⡭㡭ݿǰ˵֮ˣ˵ʱģ֤˼άݿԸܵǰڰۺݶЩļ£Ϊ˻Ҫǿ󼸷֣
˭ΪʲôôǿΪᱻ
һʱ䣬ѣѾо߸ĲΪ߸ɢ֮âתǷ߸ڶ̺Щ֯һγһ󷨣Ȼסǰǿ˵
뵽⣬ԺﻹƬ̣¶֮ɫ
ɵµһ˴
󲻵סȻסԪӤ˵ǿѾٴﵽڣԪӤϣסҲԳѣһסֻҪԪӤһϣ̷
ԪӤǴģĳϣԭɣǿȻˣһΪҲᾡϣ
ʲôޣȻס̫ˣ
̲סǸȴ֪룬ֻǵСѣܹ˵أҲԵҿҲʿ߰ɣǸ˸ǹźԺǣҲֵסġ
꾹Ȼ֪ţһҲȻֻ˵Ǹȹź軹ǿˣˡ
ѵǸס
źͲԺ׶ǳ۷壬ǻǿǷΪ
ΪԲԼԶԸģǰ˵ĺģݾþôһ֮ʵڲΪ
߼ģԶΪձȥ£ηηţ
ǰõģ㣡һʤ߼˵겢ˣһֺηһң͸


120 Ϲٷ
СֵܣˣֻǳڲܶϣҿһΪȴ¿ԴﵽڵҲȼˣСֵȻʾѣҲûдﵽڣȥþˣ㣡
ϵĵԽ˵ԽΣȵľģҲøӼ
ʵƣҪͬһʱȫϿвһң֮˾ͻҴܣ
һҪƳ󷨣Ҫ߸Ϊʿͬʱ֣аա
Ҳкܴѹ
ʱ˲ɣ鷳ˣ
ǰңԣһʱҲߣű꣬
ݼηˣ·𿴵˵ԼԼ
ðɣûƿ󷨣ǾߵԽԶԽãҪͷ
ᵽ£һɹģ
ȣ
ȫȫӿңʱңȻǣԼȻն
齣ڶأ潣֮ǧؿն
ңȻߵֺ뽣âɫƥ磬ͬݿ˺һеƣͬʱ䣬նȥ
ǧؿնǷ齣ڶؽѹ޴ݽ𵤾Ųһ˲ȫգǰûʩչ
ΪǲĽƥûԼΪǸʱԼȫգֻе
ؼʱ̣ݲʩչ
ȴȥˣ
˼壬ǧնһ˲ͬʱǧâֻݴʱڵΪܹͬʱŵâǶˡ
ҿֻҲֻʩչؽâʣҲӵǿ
·ߵ޼᲻ݣ޿ɵֵ
ߵ켸ͬʱ
ॣмͬʱѣڵϣͬһʱ䣬ȫȻһţȫһ𣬲֫ȫϣùǵҲӲɳȥ
ϲֵͬʱæѹȥ
СֵܣĴָѾڵϣЩٵݵ
ƳظùǵˣȻӰ죬ȴûʲô󰭣ȫΪȻڳûлָ۷壬ССûõġ
һӣгһɵľӣָһһСɵâڿгͣȻɿͷϷ
ֻƬ̣ͷ޼룬̵ĴͷҲȫɾ¶˧ӣһӱӢˣ֮Ȼɢϲãû뵽ұʮ꣬ԭΪᱻϣû뵽СֵܣлˣҽϹٷģ
Ϲǰôҽݡ΢΢һЦǫѷĵ
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ˣϹǰΪʲôᱻʵ
һѾ֪û˵ĳɿգҾ˽ݣΪǣѹһģչطȻ߻ħǡҴӱݻǴ׷ݣҲӾϿȣǱˣǴսһ߻ħԺȻʱսȴ˺üҾȻǱôסһӾǶʮ꣡
˵⣬ԭʵķľȻ̲סһ̾ҶԲҵİޣҴӦԺһɹһӣû뵽ո˵Ǿŵ֮󣬾Ȼһ𣡡
ĳɿվ÷¤崫˵еĶħȷѾ߻ħ
ǰһжȥģ𣿡ݰο
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веϦ
ʱΣԽǵķ飬ȴᷢնȻ䣬һɿֲƴɽڱŷ


121 ħ

ĵЦſֲƣȻˣ
ãħˣ
ݺϹٷɺ裬գ۳ɽҪˣһ߻ħĳϺ۷Ǽֱ
Ϲٷıʮ꣬ʵѾۿۣݶԱսȴǲܵġ
Ϲǰĳɿֻȴ֪Դںδ
ǸղǸɽ棬Ϊ˲Բ˽磬Ӧ÷ֲǵģ
ϹٷҲ¶һ˿ǣʱֲħٴδ˳ĳɿ֮ţƾħҪңұħħңҾħĳɿգ
ǵŰƥƣħп˲ĺϹٷɫ䣺ãħںϣѾħ
Ϲٷģ˭˵ĳɿղ㣿˭˵ұȲ㣿ҳڻħͻƳϣﵽڣϣΨҶҪԪӤĳɿպճĵһս
ٲϿȣƾͻȻӿɷħɷգһȫۣӢȴŤס
쵰ͻƳ۷ˣϹٷﺧȻȴû˿η壬ԱݵСֵܣߣס
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СֵܲҪϹٷĿŤ
𵤾ŲΪݳȥĴڣһץħֱҷ
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ֻеһƶĴɽֱУѹֵѪҺҲֹסȻӿܸͬݺݵ׷ɳȥɣ
ڴɽϣȻȻҶϣ
СֵܣϹٷѾʹ֣ôǿһУǿҲܻˣ
Ϲٷǻŭ𣬲һУȻĳɿգǳħҲҪµ
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ʱǻһʯɽУݳѪ߰ߣɫ񣬵ϹٷҪԱʱһ
սǱܣ
ʱ䶸Ȼ⼫£ȻȥһȭϹٷϣɢϹٷӳȥϰɣڵʯ䣬һֱûõĽ־еġ־Ȼ֣
һ͸һȻĳɿյʶʱʱͿռ䣬һλָ
ϹٷĻûзӦԼԱѾϣұӳ⣬ٴγ˹ȥᡣ
ĳɿҪ˺ʱȻԭħŪһͿʶ꣬ȻһУʱĳɿշ·ܵ˾޴Ĵ̼
ͻȻԴڿз裬ߵħƶƽ


122 Ѫ

ĳɿյȻܵ깥ʱȫӿҴܣܿƵĳŰһСģһУһαҷɳȥ
ĳɿΧϿɽ壬Ű£ʯɱţ¡֮
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УΪ˾ҲģϹٷľһ֮һôϹٷļܾŭĶħĳɿգݵȥ˳תһ仰˵ϹٷĽԲסԵ
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ħǵħҪ˺һеıŰ
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ݾƣҲѾظֵֻܿסȴħͷ˵ûС
ǰңһֹģݶϹٷģϹٷһĬݣѾֹħĳɿգ룬һǼΪصġ
ϹٷıӦþܾǷ˵˼ˣĳɿأһڴ½һѪȷ磬ʱ˭Ҳֹ
Ϊ½ˣ
ֵܣսݣϹٷ¶Ȼ
ϹǰǰиҪҪǰһ飬¹ش󣬹ϵԪ½ĸ֣
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ʱĳɿѾ˿ҪѵļæסϹǰһҪϢ磬С
ϳһ˿Ť󣺡ȥݵıѩɽڣһŮӣ˵˵ϲ
ĳɿյŭͬĻɽҲƲסȻϮҪ˺Ƭ
ħϣȥɣ˵Ǿ仰ظǰֻʣսǻȼգǻѪڷڣ
жѪݣʱ̷ѪһΣ޺ˣ
ڵӣĳɿգ


123 Ӣ
ڵ棬ֻʣ޾ķ;Ȼ
龧ʯһޣǧؿնʩչŵâͬһһĳɿյϣһûѡʩչŤϣˣһһ龧ʯӴʱյڡ
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ݵҲƲס͵Ѫ
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ʶȴ쳣ѡ
ħϣȥɣ
ңڶ֮һϢ
ݺͱסĳɿգͬ˲ƣƾʧϹٷߡ
յֻʣϹٷһ˵Ͽȣһ仰Ͽվþûصǰסϲԣչ
Сֵܣݣݣ
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κǸʿǸЦݵ꣬ʧˡ
ݣһӢۣһصӺ
Ϲٷһʱеޱȵƣ룬漴һ룺ԲʧϢȥţˣղ˵ʲôǱݺɽڵŮӣ
ǻڣϹٷͻȻסˣĬãĲ֪Ǻζ쳤̾
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һϢٶǺεȵѸ٣˫۹סĳɿգûзӦǿŭķŭ𣬷˿ƵģڵӴȻݵһδγͼɳȥ
ϼâǣһδεֵס񱩵ĹǿĳȻʹݵϵɺѪҺ
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ҷģһҪʬΣĽ𵤣Ȼٰκصһȫɱ⣬쵰
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һǳɶѵľʯУɳöƷʯ˲ڰУݵĿڰâǴİ˸С
ϴΰϾɽﾧʯѣȻƷʯݳ֮ɶѵľʯУȻмöҡ
ʯոȥֲݷĴͻȻ߲ʵĹֱϣϷĿռ䣬ȻһĿռ֮Ť£üȲȶ
ҪĳɿҲʼʶҪЩʲôħƷеɫͻȻľ֣ԣ뿪ҪɱϹٷģҪɱ֮ǰκƲˣҪԪ½Ľ
ˣݳ˰ѾǣңѹΨһĲᣬһҧϣסĳɿգԾϴϿա
һСʯֻ߲ʹâһ˿ŤĿռϣӰƾʧֻʣ¾ʯĹ⣬߲ʵĹɢֱȫʧֻ¿յƽأһݷȥĿռ䲨
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ƽǸƽƽϲˣĹеСӡ
ݣѩɽһ֮͡
һӲʸӣõİɫۣǰѪѪѪģȴϵļֻǸɺԵĺѪȻ档
ӱ֣·¼ʮȵ¶˿⣬ңٶȼ죬ͬһ⣬ĳڵظȥ
ɾǴӶħϿȳϹٷģϹٷ뿪ֱӴݣݻڸ
ҵ⣬󺰣飬飬Ϲٷģ
飬飬Ϲٷģ
Ϲٷģ
Ϲٷģ


124 Ļ
ԵڻصԭڶıȻۣʶ󿪣ʱ䣬ӵ𾪡㵡Ȼ޾ίͷŭ
ֻлڵ˶һĳǰǺȻϹٷģǸ˵ɢ޵һˡϹٷģ
˲ʧң޾Թ޺ɱŷȥҲ׷׳ۼ
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飬侲㣬ҽͣϹٷȻʵۿۣȻݣܿһ
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ô£ļǸӣûǱĵԶ룬Զ˫Զš
ڵĳҲĿࣺ˵еǿɢޣȻǣǰ˵ǿû
㷢ˣϹٷĿЦ飬Ҷ侲кҪ˵ôԡ
ҵЩ죬ҶĴ֮һĻ˵ҪôԣҲֻϹٷˡ
ɫã
飬㲻Ҫɵˣƭģһƭ㣡
ģӲƭ˵ģġ
ĬõĳĬ󣬱̾һ˵ɡ
Ӷ汻һ硣
ˣĺ˵ĳŵŵģΪʲôһȥǶʮ꣬һѶûУ֪Ҷʮô𣿣
·ҪеԹйڣӼĴſǻڻص
Ӻôʧ̬
ϹٷĬĬ֪ĵĿ࣬ȵˣϹٷĲ̾һãԭģҽ͡
ӵ΢һЩϹٷĲŰʮ˵뿪ݣĳɿգ߻ħĳɿ׷ɱϿȡ
ԽԽ㵣Ϲٷȫ˵꣬˳Ĭʹ޳ΪʲôңΪʲô
ʮԹޣڵ֪ɢ
ûи˵ĻᣡϹٷͷ
ˣôѳģӽŵʵ
һСֵܵİӳġϹٷĵɫ˲ȥĳɿջħﵽڣݾḶ́ϸϸ˵˳˵˵ţϹٷļ˫Ҳסᡣ
ҲסˣЩĳܴûһֱΪĸĺȴôĥѣǸϹٷСֵܣټ֮֮ա
ˣûһŮӣϹٷУʵ
㡢ô֪Ȼһ𾪵ĿϹٷġ
ôˣűӵı飬ϹٷЩɻ
ȷҪ϶Ϲٷ֪˰Щӵ
Ϲٷĺܿ϶ЩһҪ˵Ѱ
˵ûЩ飬վҪȥԣҲһ̾ϹٷҲʱЩ㵡
ʦ֪ͽʲô£
ϹٷȴͷһԭǱĵӣﾹȻһ˿ֵļ¶Ȼĵĸеһеĸо
ɡ̾һ
ǰ𣿡ϹٷЩ
ԡ˶Աӻ⣬Ǻı䡣
ңҡϹٷļЩ˵ҲŵĿ˵ڣϣ˵ڡ
һ˽תһ仰Ϲٷۿٴʪ󣺡˵ϲ㡣
˵꣬Ϲٷĳһɲ١
⡭ĿԲɣϹٷģ֪Ϊʲô˵ֵⷬĻ
һ£ɫƽû˿Ļӻ£ȸˣ
˵գ˸ˣҪȥ
ȵȣǸݣϹٷæҪתֺסˡ
ʲô쵰ô쵰˵ȥҪٸɧңҾԳ֣ɱ
ŭڡ
֪Ϲٷһ㶣ӣҪɱҲûлˡ
仰ðһǰʲô˼
ģӦң˵ŵģŵģϹٷﲨܴ󣬺ûĻ
˵Щʲôü֪Ϲٷ˵ʲô˼
ҵģֹĳɿյģϹٷİڿ˫Ҳβסĵıʹ
ʲôסˣҲʶʲôϹٷģϣ˵Ϲٷٴΰľ˵һ顣
Ѿɷף·ﱻʲôסˣ˵
ھȥȥݣȥźһθУ
ûõģҲľͶһˣǵۻغٷݣȴҲûĳɿյӰӣȫ·ʧԪ½ˣ
ˣʧԪ½
ϹٷʲôݸϢһһʮȫ˵˳ΪֹĳɿգпһǸȥǸδ֪ĵطԣһǵģ
ϹٷĺͱӰĴźһɶȫ˹Ѵ˵˳һʯǧˣԪ½ĸ߲Ϣ׷𾪣𺳲ѡ
Ҽͬ⣬ϢԪ½ʿȥ
Ԫ½֮⣬棡
ʿǷ׷𾪺ͺ棬Ǹһ̽Ŀǰ˿ƷʯЩͨʿ˵ʵڰ󣬶ҴҵĶʿȴΪҴҵǣҶ࣬Ϻпһȥ޻أҲ˶
һСʿǣңһǰǣҵĽ봫뿪Ԫ½
ӰѰϹٷģϹٷ֮࣬Ӿһ̯ơ
˸ĸӶԼ˳ڣ֮λѩӣһ뿪ڣʧ˵ߡ


125 ڰеĹ
ã
ɽʵдգͬĵطû˿һƬɫš
ˢ
ãĻɫɽϿգƽĿռͻȻŤٿأһǰһƾճӰ
ɫӰͺɫӰ޷ڵϡ
ʲôطֻеԾϴ֮ϣʱһ޷ֱֿӰȥǿֱӰĳɿճһתƣ·㣬ֻһ˲Ѿط
ǿվ˵ݿŲãɽš
ǾʱԱͻȻħ
ݵ˼ά˲ʵãħͷ
󾪣ʱԣ񱩵ħȻ𣬷ڲֹóһħ
ݣһҪɱ㣡ĳɿպݵǣ
ҪûˣʱǰķɣѾȷﲻԪ½κһطҲ˵ֹĳɿգù˼ʧȥѹƵĳɿջ˺Ԫ½ǡ
뵽⣬ݴһ龧ʯǧؿն֮ǿƶŵâһظǹһأĿǰǿһһλĳɿգǵĳɿ
ټԶҪټ֮Уһ͸ֱӺĳɿյʶʱĳɿԭŰ
ȴٴһ龧ʯڿնȥ
סһҪסȥҧѹڲصƣѡһ򣬾Զݶȥ
ӣӣѹĳɿձŭǿݣ۾ħɷ׷ȥ
ȥɣĳɿǷڵΪݵٶȲ֪˶ٱֻǼĳɿվѾӽݣ
㣡סԴҵʹһҧٴκ˳ȥ
ĳɿٴݳӵʱ䣬һ˾룡
׷Ҹϣÿε˹ؼʱ̣һסĳɿգĳɿħƷƵȻĳɿմʱͬ͵ĻɽѾȲȶ
ٶǺεȵĿ죬Ƭ̣ѾӹʮǲĮɽҲ˾ͷ
۵ǣƵɽ壬޾ɽеһС䣡
̣ݸоԼ˼άҪģѵ
ħƴѹԽԽٴʩչһΣһҪѣιȥʵ̫ˣҲԲ˴þʯ䣬ȴûа취䣡
ݼҡҷڷеһ档
ݴʱ״ʩչһϢﶼȻ㹻һϢкܴҪھѵĲӵ״¾ʩչɹ֮ͣҲһʬ
ԣֻҧضסĶĲһѣ·Ͳ䡣
Զеʿ˵ЦǻȻǶϬĶԶɫɽǸλħƳ죬ɷգһʿϯ׷ɱǵķǵڵأ
ʦֿ쿴ħˣ
ãôħˣ
ǿʦħ˾ȻԼˣߣ
ٴʩչ˫ۼһڣж鸡ֵסˡ
磬סСڣĲһҪˣȴǿвССȻûϼ壬ĳɿһоͿ԰ʼգݶûСֹ
ڵС죬Ψһ飬ǲϵİԼݵڣһֱݵľƣҪȻݾûƣ룬Ҳ֧Ųסˣ
ǣСֻǱˮнĳɿһѣ׷ݣħƺƵħ֮צȻϮ
Ҫ𣿣ݲȷԼܲϼֵסһ
ֵסɣƲը֮ǹǹɳҲֱݵĵ
ݵһθеôĽӽ
ħȻΥԼҰϵе㣡
ƵӣЮźȻһȴƥըϿգ
һŭɫâ˲ڼϵħ֮צϣʱ񱩵ĳನȻƳȥϼֵס󲿷ನʣµĳ֮ٴһѪҺ
ҿҿֻನ
ͷһģӦŵʵĳɿջҪǿǷڸ֡
ϣˣݷ·𿴵˺ڰеһҧٴһöʯನѡһɽ壬ͬӥǿ׹ҡȥ


126 
ݣĳɿշģղһǧУ
˶󲻶ϵĺ⣬һ仰飬Ͳ֪ˡ
֪˶á
ĸ߷壬εض𣬵˿Ҷ֦ɽʱһɫ԰ףȫȾѪ꣬ںĿҶϣʹȥ
ڣѣλڲִѪ˥˴ڰݿ״̬
ѣѰ㻹ӦҪĸʨءСһĵµСſǻݡ
ݵ˸£ûаӦ
˭֪ʱ괦ڰ״̬һ뻹ڣһȴƯУʱ˿ޱȵļžͬɻ磬û죬ûеأûһС
ޱȵĿ״̬
ȥȥĪ֣ͣݵԺƻصȥûдҪȥ
ÿŬʹԼȥûеͷͲ
֣ȴ̺ݴʱѵõĶС
ԪӤһԪӤڣͬһҪһֶȰϧ
ΪʲôٳǵżԼûʱȥ˼İ壬ȥﶼⷨŬ֮Ժ㡣
ȥ
ݵԺЩ۲ϵĸ֣ݵһ˿˿СԷ˯սǱܵļĿԻȥ׷
ҪԪӤͱ뼤ȰͿԻȥ׷
ԽԽռšĸоԼͻȻռԺء
ǿͬĻţͬڵѪҺڼ
ѸоԼѾԪӤڵżԪӤڵһ˲䵴Ȼʧ
ʱؼ䣬һ˿˿ιȥۣγһ޴Ľɫ룬ɫâ̲Ųͬصľؼʵ
ݵڣ֮Ʋľ͹磬·ͬɺԵĺʪĸ¶ڷս£ѴҲڿʼɿϡ
ԭصԶڸ֮ܵԶȭͷСԪӤͬС˵ıϲĵ̫ˣƶԪӤͽǺͽ
Соݵı仯󣬻ȻԼڣڵҲʼ¶ˢ
С챻ǿƱƳݵ⣬гĽ⣬ʼֳһ룬СҲһ룡
ݵͻƣСҲʼͻ
ʦ֣ǿʿɽбҫɽ⣬ѿڶ
ͻƣԪӤڣΪһҲ
Ҫȥ㣬һûпôԪӤأһΪ˷ܵĵ
ˣ˼ͻ߲ǲ½磬ǿǰݣȥë˱ĸˣڵСϺ׿»һ˲䱻ŭɻҽ
Ǹԭ˷ܵ仰󣬶ʱһͷ˵
кܶʿĽ⣬Ľ˼ʣҲ²ģҶ֪ʿͻɻǰȥš
Ϊͻеʿģһ㶼иֻǿıʩԴҲԸȥ鷳Ҳպóȫݡ
˭Ҳ֪Ǹ⡣
ݵڣڿٻָƬ̣Ѿһ룬˵ǣⲻҲԻָʶѸٻָȻ󲻵ûֹͣȻǿڣݵƺ֮󣬽һȫʣݵľڽһδεϴˢ±ԽԽ
ڣ·ٽ㡣
Ľ⿪ʼͬٴ뺣ȫӿ뵤ﴦήҵĽͽ𵤵õ䣬ȻȻʼѹݵһ˿ҲŽһ뵤
⿪ʼۣһĴָССˣԴԴϵĽ£СԽԽ𽥵ģӤȭͷСǰͽ𵤿ʼС
ؼĽ⿪ʼ٣󣬽ȫڽڣӿǸɫСУ·ĵ㾦֮ʣǽɫС˽âȻһָɫСѾбۡ
ϸȥɫСģ飬ʮƣΨһͬǣС˵Ķͷϣһ̥ǵɫС
ԪӤڣɹ
СˣɾԪӤڵı־ԪӤ
ݵԪӤϥ£ϽӡңľʽңľУڽһ˿ʼʮ౶ľת


127 
ܵ˾޴ӵӿݿյڡ
ʱ仺ȥݵ𽥱óӯڵԪӤʼŻٶȣȻؼٶȡ
ʱ򣬷·˯ǧ֮õݣƵۡ
ûšһԾ𣬳
һֽٺĸоӦǴѲк󸣣ԸܵԼҪ籡ۺ
סԪӤϣͻˣ
ЦǿΧҶ죡
ĳɿգҪлл㣡һ䣬޵Цݣһŵӡ
ŵĸоãʱСҲһʵҲһԾﵽԪӤڣʵС챾ûƿԣΪŽƷޣСֻҪ㹻ۺͿһֱɳֱﵽŽʵҲǳŽƷޣʵ˵Ĵڣ
ںǩԼСʵǿƹ涨޷ݣԼбף԰ݸĽҲʹСɳٶ⵽
˵ڱ׵ġ
С죬ﲻ֪ʲôطղһˣȻзڵΪԪ½ȻҪŨʮ౶ֲ̫ˣʿԲС㻹Ȼصڵĺãȫһ
Щզ࣬ﵽʲôطŨĳһˣԪ½Գ޵еĴڣ
֪˸硣ݸղſɰСŻˣʱȻóϿĹɣҲ죬һݵ壬ҴһܣãȻ֪롣
زģһ̾ڵҪǰѸ״
һУϿգһ̵ĵطٷ˹ȥݾȵǣﲻͬԪ½ʮ˵УоŸߣЩҲߡ
һ䣬ҲݵװûʲôֻϵĴƬѪЩۣǣῴһۣȻȥ
ݲˣȫʿСڣ󵽽ڣձ鶼ںڣڵĺټ΢ЩοǽߵĻܲס
ʲô£ڷԪ½ôҲһǿߣ
ͨûʲô𣬽ֵк̺ܶͿջ߽һҿջвʿڳԶ
ߵһӣһСЦӭ˹λүҪʲôƣոϬţ⡭
ȻʳȫɵĲ˻ҩϣѹЩʿԵýζԭ̺ĶһڸҲǿһֶΪ
ݵ˰ƺϬţ⣬ʶȴȫڿջ˵ϡ
м֪ջ֮̾أݵĵõҪϢ
Ȼջڴͬһ¡
٣˵ûУǰɫɽħޣ˵ʵȻзڣʱǸڵħ׷ɱһʿҿǶĳ׵ǡõż죬׵˵ΪﵽںڣʱǸʿǸħ޴սǸħ޴ýڽڰˣشħޣħҲʵȻ׵ˣ
ѽ˵Ǹħһ˵ʲôĳɿգҪɱʲô֮ģ׳æȥǶԲء
ħ޼ֱ̫ˣȻ˵ǲЭ飬͵͵˹϶ҪɱʿǵĽ𵤺ԪӤ̫ɶˣ
İɣǿžУɸ˻㶨ģ
ݾţڶһжһϲͨÿ˽һ㡣
ʱСѾҪʳ
һڵţ⣬ֺһھƣݰһ죬̾ʿܣζ治Ũǿ˼ʶˡ
ܿʳɨ⣬׼ˣȻ֣Ӻ񷢹ˣЩ뵽֪ʲôңԼ᲻ᵱ԰͵ġ
ͬʱСѾЦӭ˹
ʵСǮ
ǮʲôǮСһ㶣ܹʮöƷʯллݹˡ
ʮöƷʯʱСΪǳ԰͵ġ
ݱɵڨڨһЦʮöƷʯУС
һʮöƷʯϣݸСյȥ
ģһͷ󣬾ȻҪʮöƷʯٰ︹̣Ȼȥһһ·ͬһʾʯۡ
յĹŵݣղûע⣬ǼҿջʱʳͿƾճľʯ¶һ˿̰Ȼдһһоʯ


128 ˵е
ĵһСᣬȻȤز죬ݸɴѡһطڿնȥ
һ߷һ룬ӸղĶԻУܽ㡣
һֵط硣
ڶֶɸ֮ʲôġ
ǣƺ磬ǺĳЩϵлʲôħǩʲôЭ顣
㣬ݶһŲ֪ţѾ뿪˴ׯäĿķһϿա
ط߷廷ƣƺΣټ˼ϡ٣Ǵҽĺõط

Сվס·ҿԣ˴¾ʯ
˼ֻеӭһȺʿΪһ˺ʱһ㶣ģ
ʱ˷ӿ߰ʿݼϿա
ܹмʮˡ
ʵͲǣֻΪѰʿû뵽ǻΧסԼ
Ǹ˵ĿںţȻ˴˵е٣
ݿЦãǰǸΪ׵ĺʿ⣬һ˵ľ޴ɽһٷ˵װнٷ˾
ԼҲ̫˰ɣԼ̫۸ˣôطͱˣ
ȴûаǷ⼸ʮˣΪߵĲǸΪ׵ĺӣ𵤾Ų㣬ģ߰˸ڣʣµȫ
Ҳ֪⼸ʮ˶ҲǷǳмģмˣǸղڿջʳͣǿƾóʯ˺󣬾Ѿȷддʿһ㶼һƸġ
̰ĵԼͷȻݣֱﻷոպã·صΪǴٶ׼ġ
˵Ǿ͹ȻΧ
СӣʶĸϽѴʶĨȻ󽻸ǣүһ·ն׺ʿᣬ·߸ϣƾһΪүһ˾͹㣡
Ϊϴһһɷģòͺ񣬺ݺݶݡ
ţһûЦէŵ͵һ뷨ȻʹýԼΪѹ˽һ㣬ԭɴαװڣҲ̫ˣᱻ˵ƶ鷳ΪȻǿߣɺôҲûǣԼˣﲻԪ½ƺҲѾƵĴˡ
ݻʮϣһֵ̿ģ·ܵ˺ܴľ֣λú飬ңûʲô
˵գһ޹ı鿴ˡ
ƺݴʱı飬˵ûдʱǸ׺ʱŭƨӸղ˵ǴӴóʯ˵ģ
ԻȻΪղųԶʱ˶ˣһǵһǣԺӦô⣬ƥﻳСѷ
뵽⣬ͻȻͬСһ㣬˼£ҪǺú棬һݸɴһģλúӢſʶ̽дԸ
ʿǺٷģǲͬڷˣǿݵԣȺٷ˽ŽɣΪЩݵĻ𵤾Ųʶɨ˹ȥȻȫûа㴢Ӱӡ
ⲻ֪Ȼûдȴбȴ߼ռ䣬ȺСʿһҲ޷׵顣
ܣ׺ɴͭ۾
СΪ϶Ϊ̰ͼͣȻѱġ·ܾί
ţ׺ţݺݹԱߵǼʿ·ǡ
ϴ󣬲Ҫ˵ƾóöʯġ
ѽϴҪСӺ˵
ϴԩġ
Ǹϴ׺һĸ˱ϵĺëզæΪԼԩ
ʱȴ磺ѽûдѽѽ
㣡㣡쵰ĸǺݣ쵰ȻˮȻìͷ׼Լʵ̫쵰ˡ
ɱ㣡һܲʮֳ嶯ͲסĶݵŭһâͳ˹ȥ
ϴǿǼ¶ɱˣˣ㣬˷ʱ;һµģֻŽŵĶâ
ϴȴѾǳŭŭһһɫâ˹ȥֵǽֱӰǸʿ⣺쵰˭Ƕֵģ
ǸʿʱһΨΨŵŵ˵
ٺֱЦ⣬ϲǡ


129 ɫԵ
Ȼֵӣϴԭʣ¾öʯ극Ѿ޷ģòʯТˡ
ɨˣϴһɥģһӣֿµ˭ٸü鱨ŪңŪǣӳһ𣡡
ߣߣϴ˵һۣС⸱ӽãһ㣡
ʮϴĻæȥʣµ˵Ѫ۾ݣһŵģ
λúȵȣԭΪǲݵ鷳Ӧûϻ̳Ͽ֣жµʶȤĿŶԣǵתʱǸʿȴͻȻˡ
СǲǷᣬʲô£ϴһͷתͷݡ
ڨڨһЦֵλúղҲ֪Ѿ޷ģҪλ㻨ʯá
˵գһȻģ̯֡
⼸ʮٷ仰ĲһûдӰˤȥʲôˣСӾȻǽ辧ʯ
ⲻǳǴ˵еǿ鲻ɷۣ
СںҿЦϴŭЦݣһӵŭ
ûпЦûпЦݷǳҡҡͷôҺͺúǿЦҪǵľʯһ׷
һģϴŭ𳹵ױ
ģȻˣӣ¸ᣡϴһ£ʮʿɺʩչһݺ
úǼȻң˾ίȫԼúˣû˿ţõЦݡ
ЦݣٷôһǷı飡
ˢˢˢ
ң֮ͥŲ
ڵСϺףûͻ֮ǰݣԸ´࣬ѾԪӤڣǾ͸˵ɫ⣬ڵ⽣âе
Ǽʮݵ½Ƕû
ȴааһЦһػӰ
ء
ƺһﲻ
˵ϴ⣬ʿڸӦ£ӭĻӰڲ׷״İΣȻڵ¡
Ҳҿû˵Ķ⣬ֻҪССͷһԲŹ֡
ϴԭѪŭۣͭһӿ޾𾪣ղ΢¶ʵоײһ壡
ڰϻϴ棬ɹһ޺ЦݡƽݣɷѿĿɥúú
ҲңǺúǺúæ֡
ǺúǴӢۣϴݹֱ֣ӻֵ̿ĲϹˡ
ݣ
ǺðɣǺúôľʯһ޹ĺúɡЦ֡
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У˵ͷȻͷųԪӤŲƣʱѵϴѹһɫҰס
ջƺ󣬵ϴһĶˣ͵ʴףӿˣȴʵʵðɣͽ㣡
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ͼ鼮кܶడȻһ룬ϴȻܸˣһƾնһ鼮ͼٿƷʯʮƷʯ
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131 Ƕ
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133 
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134 ״
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135 ׵
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δĺһƣ죬и̾ʳﵹǷǳζֻϧ̫ˣҲֻż
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Աһ£ʳǴĲ㣬˭̲סջɳԵСҲҪܡ
ݸ꾧ʯҪ뿪֮ʱȻӦɽϿգʿԼٶշУǿ޼ɵķ˳
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΢΢üеЩʶ
˺ôĵȻ޼ɵϿôŷУѵµǶ죿֪Ͽ֮ˣǶˡ
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ģôҳӵİɣţ˴ڿջſڣ׵ͽɡ
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μ׳ϣ
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ԭ׳ϣݸҪȥȴͻȻ׳ĽɣԺʯȻ뵽˵׳ϵİͽ
վһ𣬶߲ƣ˲
ʦȻָݣĿҪˡ
ߣɥ֮Ȯ֪㲻ưոݣߣĸлĻҲû˵ڡ
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µЩʲô
׵ȴûϳݣԪӤһΪüݵȻ˽ɵĻ֡
Ƣ꣬ȴǶĹ϶Ƕ죬һߣ̺ۺݿȥС޴ԲѣϷȥ˵
׵ٶȼ죬ݲ㷴Ӧ
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ˢ
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СΪǲҲӦ죬Դˣкܶ벻£׵˽ԣҲߣ
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ټ׺ôԼһпܽɵʹҲǶĵ
˵αȻ忪ջ֮ϣңȻʩչֱӳԶݶȥ


136 
ƻջʱѿջĻɽŭǿ׵ʱҲó׷ɱݣ
׿ܣŭһŽڿնȻ׷˹ȥ
׵ٶȼ죬ͬһĨɫ׵绮ƳգҿݵңҲǳصģƬ̱ʧɽǡ
һϢ
ݲʩչѹ˲䣬Ѿڼʮ֮⣬һɽ
ԼǶĵϴˣǿǵͷߣԼ϶ԿĨһѺ
׷ϵ׵ɫȻһ䣬ΪǸˣȻ˲ʧˣͬ˼ʶ
ɣںôطϵĽɡ
Ҳɵˣ㶵Ĳţ֧֧ᣬɴ۾ڡڼ⣡
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һ룬ԲܣǸʿ֮ǰٶȲûô죬ΨһĽ;ǣ
øķ𺳣ȴݣɽָŽɣͬһĨ⣬ؿռ䣡
֪Ϊʲôﻹһ˿õԤУȴ벻һ֮ȻϵýԼڲȻ󲻶ϵƶλá
ǲ֪ΪʲôΣյĸоûм٣ԽԽŨأ
ʿԽΪԤǿȾԽǿҲԽʵ
ݲҵϵĸƶ˵ôԲܣ˦ǣ
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ͫһΪӦһʿڸƶʿʱʱʶɨ跶ΧڣڲҲϺ£ʱһ㣬ʱ𵤾Ų㣬ټϽɵӡ϶˲ݣ
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ȻԼӣ˲һɫϸ߰Ķ¶˱ģһϸ磬̱仯ɫâתǲķ
ԭֻһ糤Ȼһ˲ݹһӣֵȫһ黨һˣ׵
ߣܣҲܲϷĸ׵ϵĸЩ⣬¶ԺСøϷʵһ㣡
˵գһȻо֮ϣһɾ޴ֱӰе׵ϡ
׵ұΪһ֮ʿû뵽Ȼװסʵʧǰ緶˿Ŀǰ׵
ݣҰ׵ͷ𣬷ǳࡣ
㻹ҽѵϷϷûкˣǶĵӣڳԣԲѷϷѵһԺǶ컹кԣ׵˵Ļһһ̵ģſھ͵
ǰᣬ϶˵ߵڰףϿɲһ֮ʣݿЦѾ϶ǽСŤʵ˵Ļ
£ݺݺݵ˵ɽɣЦ˵˻һŪǷǺǿļ㻹ʲôǶʿȥ㣡
ԣһ۽ɣȴֽɱŵɫһףҲһ˿ɡ
ɿݱ󣬵׳ŭںԵĻ쵰㲻˵ǶĻʦֵܣʦͽĸ飬Ҫ
ݶʱˣСϹҺԼ׵ԲܾԹ˵
˽ɡ׵üֹסһߣ˭˭ǣϷѺǶȥˣһȻˣ
ᣬȥǶ죬뻢ڣ˵Ȩ˵ͬʱϳƵǣѲѲ
׵ݵС޲Ҫ˷Ϸĸ鼶ƷǳڵʿҲѲ㻹ʡʡĸϷȥɣ
˵գһƵݣǶ죡


137 ǲ𣬶
֮Ʋȴ˼⣬ΪʲôԼ˦ôԶȻԱ׼ȷҵ
һʶɨԼȫԼ֮ϣһ˿ʱѾȻ
뽣ɵû˿ݰƳ˽һۣСӵգҵʱΪˣû뵽пЩһʧǧźޣٻѰ
Уô־ܡҲһ˼֮ӵתƳһ۾ֱͷе׵͸׵ʱʱö񶾵񣬺ݺݵݵĽɡ
˵ǶҪÿ
û¶˿ԽŻҲ޶ãϸͻᷢݵٶһǰ׵ľԽԽԶ
Ҳÿټһ׵ţ׵Ҳܵˡ
ݲŰ취ղѣסԼңһԣ⸿֣ͬΪǳ
ңȥ¿õᳬɣݲȷңܲ
ǲܣݾߣʱҪܣϼˡ
뵽⣬ɰԸ̣û뵽׵ôа񣬾֪øסˣԼϼ壬ңԶݣ˭κε

ݶ׵뵽ۣһһף𣿣
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ݲһûεССӣôΣգ㻹˯ţ
鼶ƷķӦÿ԰ɣС챻ݵĲ˼֣ӦƷףһִſܲȷĿǡ
вУݶС﷢Ժȥĸʨӣʾͷ
ҾͬʿľкܴİգС
ǷǳãٶȰǸնϣٶˣİݷӣһҪɹԼҪ黧׸ˡ
㿴ҵģϲַŻĹˣСĻҭסС죬ʲôĻĴ
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ɣ˵ϷҪ׵Ƣ꣬ھ㲻Ϊ˽ɣҲҪץסˡ
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ߣ׵ŭһŽ˲ʧƬɽ֡
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һɽϿա
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УϷҪ޵ĺѿ׵Ըӱŭ
׵ǣһѾ֪ݵĻѲСȥȷѾȫǸָġӡǵλú
С޽ϷһУ
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ȵ䶨׵ͽ˿ŸղŽɵĴУһűѪĭĩﻹԱǣ棬ɫ²
С̫쵰ˣ׵һ㱻ιȥ


138 ͷ
Ҹұ֤һúӶ
һٶ⣬Ѿѵ״ŰɫµݣյУ룬׿ֻɽϹŵĵۺ󣬻ʲô飿
ţԼ̲סЦ
׵ڷŭѱ˰ﷶΧȴ޽˦ȥصǶ졣
ɣԸȥȥǸС޵ͷһǶ죬ʧȥ鼶Ʒ׷ŭ쳣ʣԽ˵ȻɸɵˣڸطעǸͼƵʿ
ǣʦæ
ɣԽȻеĶҲԽΪԲңӴ棬ԴһɣһڳϣȻԼı
ˣ׺뵽ʲôѿҪȥĽɽлĸӷټǧҪݾߣС޵ѲǶԸǴŸңȻиλãΪʦԳ
С˵⣬һ˿ѿҪѽ˵ȥ𣬾˵ǸС޿ڳԣԲѷǶ죬ϿΪʦЦ֪֪
֪֪ɿͷͲΪµ򣬶Ϊ˵ȥãΪ׷Լ

⼸죬ݿǳס˿ͷǶĵ̣طܷǵӵˡ
Ϊģ˰ԸԼǵɫţͲ³Щңϵǣ׵Σһδγɹķݣҿңټϼǿһδεӵ
׵һδαףСĶš
ֱ̫ˡݿЦ
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үģǻ˱ҲȺ쵰棡̲ס
һ·ܣǣʮ֮һĴ졣
Сһܣûʲôɵݲ߽һҿջҿջͨͨȴСջ⣬һݵͷڱϵǽϡ
ɨͷһۣǵ˫ۣͷ͵ӣһõĲ¡
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Ȼɲ˴Ҳǿ壬ʩչһС
ͨˣȴͬ͵˵Ĵڣ˿ټĻҶǾʯͨ˹Ƕôҵ
뵽⣬ɹĻ䣬ǸʱܾۣҲͬһ㣬һĿ˼ҿջ档
飬ֻΪ̰һʳζļԸ룬ݸеһᡣ
ͷ·𿴵ڴģ́û˿
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̾һ߽ջ˼ϲԵĲˣơ
˼ң֮ݷԸСѷ˶˵⣬Ҳ˳ȥԼѷ˶˵λ˵ǰϹϡ
߻ǵһ˿㵣˷ܵĵͷ
һԺòãҲ˵ͷݰһ˫ӷʾԡ
Ҳ飬˵Щ࣬ڵϣһͬ
οǣһ£Ƶĳ
ʱʱһ˵⣬ȴֻųԷǽֵϳһĳ
һ꣬һǵĽлһԷ
ָָ㣬е˵Ǹɵƣе˵ĵݶЩ޶ãԼıԶΪȥܱ˵Σ
һ죬ڳԷʱ򣬶ȥǸһҲƣֻ໰
γ극ȴЩ̵˼ң²òȥˣԺɵԼչ˺Լˣ
⼸죬ѾԼΧʱʱмʿԼ룬Լֱ¶ˣε׼·ڴڼ䣬һֱ롣
һȫεĵطһǶ鷳ոͻƵԪӤڣʹĽռ˲ÿ㡣
ʱ䣬˶ľʯ㹻Ĳ¾۷󣬼ٽǰɱڵû꣬պÿԸС죬գԴʹԼʵ
ֻһУһǰҪǾһȫ


139 ѧ
иɽһ㣬ǰڣұչأûк֮ǡݲɸ̾
ôһпԼڵ¶ޱȵļᶨôɽɭ֣һɽУֻҪ󷨺ͽ磬˭ֿҵõ
ѾȥһŨʮεĵطչ
ʵǸԼзںڵʵҲᱻĳɿձƵôǱ磬ʵʮ죬Ҳ׵ĵԼǶҲôţԼš
Щ֮ѾףҪѲҪңڣһеǰᣬԼҪۺʵ
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ǣݲУϾԼƵǴ죬ڹһǶ춼㹻ͷˡ
ݰֵַĸ·ﲻǶĵ̣ЩǶĵҲҪ켸ֱ棬һһǰһ󣬴ҴææڷӵĽֵ
ȻûУڵƶٶҲǼģһңݽ˳˺ѾѺ˦˳ȥɿĳ˳š
Сѣȵȣ
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ͷȴݸûзӦ£˲俿ݣ¶ƻƵݣǸطûҵõǶҲһ
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θӦҲӦͷϰ
Сѱ£ͳҳôĴͣͷҲûɺ㲻ǣˣ
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Ҫϻˣȥ˵ݾȵǣͷŨǰֻųԶ쵹ռ
棬һ޴м䣬ֻưޱȣ·بžͳµĳĻҳ֩·ڸǣһ˶ĵط
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˼ңˣҿһұ𴦰ɣȣмܲסҪԶݡ
СʲôҶûķˣզ˼أ
ͷ
СѲҪżôûģһסݣݶʱ֣⿴͵ͷȻĴ
ԭʮ־ɵݸ𾪣һǰϻ
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СѣǽȥɣȻû뵽ôһ֡
˵գѾͷ˽ȥٴƻԭλϸ۲죬Բ

һضƵС˰תǧأ˹յתһͨӳͫģǿĵңĴԻң΢΢㵡
ʱͷͻȻٺЦٺ٣沼󷨣Ը⣬û˿ҵǶҲУͲõʲôˣ
˼ң㵽˭ȴͷʵ
ͷ϶򵥡
Ҿһͷ㲻ҪôࡣͷͷĻ˻֡ͻȻһõݣݶ÷ëٺ٣СѣҪѧ𣿣


140 

һֱ֣ҡͷѧѧ
ʲôЦڶ˵ʲôҪǾʵڰͲԼûûҹڸǿʵ˭пȥѧ
˵ԭǴѧϰģΪĪϢһйģȻ˵һ֣ȴԺϢԡ
ݴԿһ£㵵ķ֣ҩһƷƷҩģ漸ӦоУ
ֻϾšչھڶ࡯ĵûȥӴ
С㲻Ҫô;ܾ㻹֪ʦĺôͷҸ˵ʦ൱ʿеĹ壬ǿƳʵĵҩƳٻָĵҩƳ˲ָƵĵҩʦƳǿΪ쵤ҩͷϲĽʦĺôĭɣ˷ܲѣҪ֪һƷʦʮҲǣʦ㣬Ի϶ʿٰͽ㣬˸ҵʦ
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ͷĿڸȴ˿ݣ϶ʱЦã˵Ǽٵġ
СӣЩҪѧϰʿԴŵǣСӵãͷҷѾ࣬Ȼȫͷˣǿҳ˼ٷĳʦıرƷ£ټϸǼѵĻϷˣ
Сӣôţͷҳ㼸ٷⲻȥһԸ̣һͷԭЦеʱɷ¶Ŀ
ݷһۣɣı¶˰ɣβ¶˰ɡ
ǺãȻⲻȥǰѾʯңܹʮöʯʮöͿˣöʯǱ͸ģ㿴Ƕôĳ
ݶ˵־Ҫʯ

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СӣͷҵĽ磬ǺڵĸֶҪԹԾͷԪӤڵΪҲҪȥٺ٣ΰɣͷﲻݡ
ݵɴ۾ͷͷ˵ѣģͷȻôֲԼΪʲôҪȥı̬ǵĻ۾ǲ͵ŮȥˣΪʲôô۰ֱ
ﰧ
ݵı飬ͷٺֱЦСӣͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲҪͬ⣬ҪȻͷҰ׽ȥǶ죬㻹Ƣ
ͷ˺˺ƵĿŵ
콵ͷɡݿɥŸ
ٺ٣ûõģȻ޷ͺúܣ˵ʲôã˫գͷЦ
ιͷ㵽Ҫôͷ
ܼ򵥣ѧϰһġ翡УͷӵõһͷҾͷߣͷۡ
һꣿһݵɴ۾ֱҡͷвУһʱ䣬̫ˣҲϣѧѧ
ѧͰץȥǶ죡ͷۣȻ䱬һǿơ
һ˲䣬·ֻʣɢġֲ׵ĳǿƵͷ͵ӻȻΰ
ֻеһƣֱӰԼѹſڵϡ


141 һ
ÿȥҲ죬ڸղƱһ˲䣬ûбѹĻǱ𾪵ĿǰòͷﲨηƣԲǷڣͶǺڣɽڣ
ҲԼ뷨һӿ޾ĿЦ֪˵Լ˻ǲңôһǿߣǸƢ죬ӲԼѧϰͷ
Сӵѧѧ
ͷۣ˵ĵ⡣
ͷʵҪץȥǶ죬ҲѧǡҲӦһ򵥵˵һףһϹǰСʱĹñ顣
ͷۣʮӲ
ʲôףͷȤʵǺѽܵĻͷӻǿԿǵġ
ݺٺһЦҪѧϰҲǲܣҵʥˮ
ݿ翵ʥˮܾʧΪһð취
ǣͷȴ仰ŵþȵ
ʲôʥˮ
֪ʥˮԣ˲ûȣĶͷ֪ʥˮ
Ҫңʲô֪ͷʼ硣
ҲܵҲ㣬ǲѧġ
˵գҲߣֱһԣ˵ǳ־ս˭˭еԡ
Ȼͷ̲סˣֵۣĵСӣˣͷȻûʥˮȴ֪ʥˮʲôط
ʲôطݡˢվʵ
ΪʲôҪ㣿
ݣ
ͷͷͷ
ﰵڨڨֱͷºô
ʵ޵ģģǾȻ֪ͷ֪ʥˮ䣬ô
ΪĪеĸݻǺƤһˡ
ʥҲˣֻʥˮòͷˣ
ԣȸѧϰҩȣͷϼ޻ڷݵʱ۾ͬϺЦ
УȸʥˮٿѧѧҲɵǱƭһ꣬ǿˡ
ͷҲͷСͷˣǺðɣһôһ֮ڸڴõһͷҾ͸ʥˮϢòһͷãһʥˮϢܲܵõҪıˡ
ƽֻΪһϢȴҪƴƴһ꣬ܲܵõǸ⣬ƽҿ飡Ҳˣּۻۻǻġ
û뵽ȴ͸ݣСӣкܶ಻ƽھˣ㲻ѧˣ߰ɣͷҲˡ
ݣ
ʵѿڶһ䡮õġվסˡ
Ƶı飬ͷЩ̣ĵСӲҪ֪㣬֪ʥˮҲֻôļˣҲ֪ô֪ʥˮģ˵ѵҪˣҪˣǸһзǱѰĹϵɣ
۾ɵùԲˣȻû˵ȴ¶ˣô֪
ٺ٣СӲҪң㶼֪һƾʲôҪΪһ
ͷմմϲݷһۣûдôʦҿǲʦӦ֪ʥˮõġ
Ǻðɣѧϰһ֮һίģ˵
ֱۣСѽСӣǱڼټһʱûкʵѡͷһ׽ȥǶ죬ܿࡣ
ϻҪ˵˵ѧϰҪһ㲻ܸң򱾴ƨˡԭļƻңǻǶڻ
С㻹Ƣͷ޿κΣǺðɣҪԹԸѧòһͷӾûôˣ
ʵͷûдϣʦ֮ԻԵøһȣΪѶȣŵżǽᵤϣΪᵤڲſ𣬿ҪõĵҩҪԪӤڵ
ԣһܳʦһǿʿ
ңʦĹƷζﲻǵĳɹǴһδʧܵܽģ
ҪҪǣҪǿ
һʱ䣬ݳԵ࣬츳ǿҪõһҲûжϣֻвʣҪԲԼһˡ
ͷҿʼѧϰûʲô²Ҫңݿһ˦ͷһңͷЦѡ


142 ͷ
ҿһʮֿΧȫǺںɫʯݸоܲн磬Եֵһٶǿһõġ
طȷĺõطȫ
ݷǳ⣬ֻǶͷЩƲЩϥ룬һöƷʯ¾۷
ʱеܵ޴ĳݵۡ
ңľ˲Уݵͬһ޵׶̰еȫɽȥľУĹ켣ھܡ
ӤȭͷСԪӤݵɫ£ϥӡᣬѾգԪӤﾭһ˿תٴӿγһѭ
ȫë׶ٿ˳ĸоݸоƮȻݳĿС
ܵͬѰŨͷܳӿңɴ۾
СӾȻͷӶһŵĸоһصɫʣͷ֪̾¾󣬶ҿľ󣬺ͨǿĶ࣬ȻԾۼôŨֲ̫ˣ
գݸܵľϲۣһĨͫŶȥ
ʵǿĸо̫ˣ˷ܵչһӣһʱͷ˳Сӣʽѧϰӣͷӹ
ͷͽ£ò˯ˡݲ߳ȥ֪ʱ򣬸ͷ𺳡
СˣͷҪ㶫ͷŹɢݣεĵ
һһ٣һһͷСӡǾ䡣
Ҫʲôû취ΪĪУʵʵʵ
ʦĻ֪ʶͷݷʣ⣬ʼ̵ʦһּΪְҵʦмͲε־ľģΪһʧܣеĶ־ңʦҪע۲˼˼ʧܵԭܽᾭ顭
һƪֱۣҪ˯ͷô潲ķϣŬװһʮ桢ģ
ڣʱͷڰʦĻƪˣҿǿȾˣһжӳԺ˵Ժ
û͵ͷҲΪοȻϲˣƤӣһ˿Ͻ
ˣٽʦĻҪʦҪ㣬һҩĵĺ䣬һֵҩȻ⼸ҩƣÿһҩĶҪǡôĵҩſڶ򣬻ǳҪʲôʱĻʲôʱ𣬶ʮϽҪ󡭡
ٴνʦĻҪݶѾ˽һţ֮ܶһǳҪĶǻ󣬻ҩķ䣬ǴʶȵȣҪʮǿͶ
һ󷬻ͷҲ̸ֽ˵ڣҸʾһƷҩ鵤˵ɡ
鵤Ҫҩǡ
ͷ˵ȥݲ»ݣǧߡ
鵤˵ǿϤڣǿĪƻ鵤׬һʾʯ
ݼѿڶûκ˿
ݵ˵ͷϸС۾ԽԽȵĵ㶮
ԶԶݺٺһЦѧĪеĿͷֻһŽ׵ĵҩһ϶һ㡣
ƨͷӵۣš
Ų㣡ʼ磬ĪеǰҲһͷԺĪбȡ
ã㣡ͷаɵĿݣΪ鵤ֻͼҩԪӤΪ֪һǺϺġ
ɿɡݴ˫ǰνĵ
Ĳϣ
¶ݣҶ¶Ļ
Ԫ
ǧĲݡ

ɽٵͷѾĴݹǰסݵļضס·ҪƵģ
ģ¹ݣǧݡ
ң㡭ͷ󣬷·ʧȥе˺˼ݾȻЩ˵ϸĻͷϣһ˿
ãͷЦ̬Ϸ޵ˣ
ʣĪеļ䣬ʹȫԣû˿ˮ
ðɣͷ׳ˣСӶһʲôҪͷҹԹԵѧͷ˵˵ﰲο٣٣̸ֽվǳ֪ҪУͷҲʦ㻹Ҫҵģ
ݣ


143 ͷʵ
ȻͷĳƨЩģȷͷ˵
ݶһ֪ʶȴûгԹȻһ۶ô꣬Īλ鵤⣬ûж֮ء
ûд̸ֽվǿ̸Ψóʵжܹ֤ԼĶҲûжٰտƵĺá
ͷҲ϶һ㣬ų˵
ôһۻҪѧϰԿ°빦
Сӣͷ˵˵ûͷղűݵסˣ鲻Խһ䡣
ͷĵٺ٣
ǾûˣûоûУĨǡͷۣĵЩɻĿ˵ͷҾˣûôԵҩô˽⣿
ʦҵģҰԺûȥѧʼ磬ĪУʥˮڱصá
㻹ʦͷһݵĸأͶ˽⣬ѾЩţûи˽̵СӵΪƺܶôࡣ
Ҳһۣϻ϶ʦ
ٺ١ͷҲ˵תƻˣʦʦ͵ùԹԸѧϰʦǸãѧϰҲһ㣬õһİҲһ㣬ȸʾ鵤ƣ
˵գͷõһӣһСڼСͨȼųףƣͷ״β㡣
ͷ㻹渻Уۻ𶦣鼶ƷݿǰС˫۷Ź⣬ͷԸͣʵڲףΪʲôƫƫôϲװϽл˼ҿջװԼƭ
Сͦ۹⡣ͷԼҩΪԺͦ԰ĵ磬ûм˵ҩȵҵۻ𶦣
ƲƲ죬ûз˵ʵҩͬȼҪ鼶Ʒҩȷ쳣
ˣС㲻Ҫϻˣ濴ͷôҵַͻ򣡡
˵գӿҩ֧˲ͷҩ˴Χ
ͷһһɫ͸ݵɴ۾ոճ֣˲ȣΪտһͨˣ˲Ҫ졣
ʲô棿
ݾɲͷȴƿݵɻ󣬵ҵֿʱӽгȡһ˿׻ҵУڵ׻𡣡
𾪣ͷȻϣǸɽڵĸ֣ǸȻڵֿٹУȡ׻ķӡ
ֲͷòͷ˶塣
׻ҩ·ȼգͷʱ򿪿˵ҩտʼҪȰҩԤȣһ㣡
ͷһӣǧƾճ֣ϸҩУǧǻ鵤ҩģ鵤̺ǧģ
ԣǧߵռʮеľŲ㣬ݣҩºͣǧߵʹ޷ɢֻҪɡ
˵գһٴγ֣ҩ
ʱ򣬻Ҫһ˲ȫܽ⣬ʹҩԷӵ
ͷɫԽԽ࣬ʱҪԵϽ²Ǻҩݣкǧ߿񱩵ʹºʹ鵤˺ʿ磬²ֻҪһɰ룬к;ųɵǧ̺Ŀ
ɢ¹ϸСҩݣҩУʱؼʱ򣬻¶Ҫһ˲ﵽղŵϣʱ룬Ļʼ
䣬ۻ𶦵·׻Ȼǣҩ
̼ݣһһ˲С񱩵¶ȿʼĻҩȼա
佲в޷ƳɹֻͼĻ鵤ЩƷ׸ߵĵҩεȵĸӡ
ͷļΪϸҲúϸͷȻʮֿɶ񣬿ļȴ۷
Ϊݷ֣ͷĪеҪһЩĪֻйоأմͳ
ͷȴУ˺ܶԼ³ļɣ룬ĪйȻҵ࣬ͷ˵ҩûǧҲм꣬ڼɷ棬϶Ҫǿܶࡣ
ĪԼʵʹǿԼɲƳɹ
ҪģһʱͷǵͻȻ⣺ܶڵǲǸպ˼£ʱ򣬾ǿӡյʱ̣һһɢ
˵գͷ͵һȣ
գ


144 ӿɽ
ͷ˫ִһӡҩ֮ϣЩӡ˲ڽҩڡ

ҫ۵ɫâȻҩڳ˳һŨҩಡ
һ˿Ż鵤˲ҩϸڿвƣͷһӣһɾҩѾһƿ
鵤ûз֮˲䱻ƿͷѸٵİƿ˹ȥ
ʱ׻ҩջڡ
ͷƯݿۻңͷһˮٿƿȻаö鵤Īһֻţ˲ܵ˲ࡣ
ٺ٣ǲǺܾȣΪʲôҿô鵤ͷһЦϸڵ⣬һ˿Ͻһ˿޹ʵĵ鵤ȻͶˡ
ҿƿοӿ˿Ļ鵤ͨɫµĻƣŨ۶ɢƷĺõҩ
ͷġٴظӣƲ죬ȴҵרͷû˵ȻΪܵĪлҪǿ
ƨֵˡͷһӣһҩĳڰУҸҩģһΣҪԼˡ
ôһ̯̯֣ҩջ壺ðɣ˷ѵҩݲһʯ
ͷ˲ݺݵһۣСӣûҩûҩͷҸһ
һ˫۶ʱ״ͨĿʲôƷ׵ģ鼶ģۻ𶦣
СͷƳһۣ˵ΰɡ
ǱƷģ㰮ҪҪͷ˵
ͷôУ־Ȼôסݱĵ˵
ҵġݸղſͷԭҲһ˿ȤҲͦ飬ǰĪҲ˵ʲôѧϰһ£಻ѹ
һǴûжĻ۶ƾĦһ۶̾۶ѽ۶㣬ú͸͸
СӿȻбƷҩһʦġͷҩ۾гһ϶
Ϊ˭ôġݹͷȻͷһ죬֣СӣͷҲû𡣡
ʵͷҲ֪ݲ˵˵ѡ
ʱҲΪģͷˣû¾ͱű
Сļӡͷĺһһ̣ȴû˵
ٺһЦĵͷţݶ÷ִ磬񣬵һ˵Ǽٵġ
ŬƽԼľŸղͷĶڼǰĪаٶҲһס
ȣ
һӿ۶ʱͨĻ۶ŻâҩȻڰС
һԪӤһƽɫ͸ԪӤΪſ
Ŀ£ҵȼգܿԤϻ۶ţһǧ߻һ붦Уһ˲΢΢֡
Ȼʢݶͷһ˿ܺЩţ⿴Ƽ򵥣ȴҪ
ʱʶܵǧ߿Ҫȫڻʱһ˲뿪壬۶
ǧڻĺƵݽڻͬʱʼͣʱ仺ȥ
ݸܵҩ߳Σֻҩȴ·һٽ㣬ǹɿ񱩵ĳݵҩཀྵֲ£֪²ݵʱ䵽ˣ
²ݿ£ٵ۶Уݿƻ˲䱩ǣ²ȵ¶˲ܽ⣬һ˿˿ٵк͵ǧ߿񱩵ĳ
ǽֲµĵҩΣٿʼۡ
еݵ£һƵĻۣ˹ؼʱ̣æƻ¶ȣʹٽ׶ΣݶЩֻŽš
ĵȴȴĻۣҩĳ͡
һ˿һƻ棬һŵµӡᣬԱߵͷǻǵá
СӣһȻ״̬ȻвַҲԵɬԿƵֵزԼѾ൱⡣
ͷﻶϲ֮ӿɽ̣ӿɽ̰
ڣһʱңݵʼڹעڵı仯о۵£ٽʱû˿ԥ
˫ֿӰһӡ˳ȥ͸۶͵ĵҩУȻҫ۵⣬Ż鵤ϸ߳˳һƵȥöҩﲻ֪ʲôʱƿС
СӸɵòɹˣ
쵰ö鵤
Ȼͬ


145 
ջػ۶Ȼһξͳɹ鵤ȴûж˾ڣͬĲϣͷ˰ö鵤Լö鵤
Сӣҿⵤҩĳɫͷǳ㣬һϸСķ졣
ͷҡݰƿݸͷơ
ɫǿԳǻ鵤ͷЦе˵
ȴЩͷڿ˻˰
С㲻ҪˣһξƳҩ˵츳ǺܲģͷҶˣ㻹ʲôƵġͷϣǳˡ
ϣˣҲĿһĲ翡ΪһԣһҪ
ǺðɣôݻǲģҪôͲѧѧˣͱȫԸ
ͷٺһЦһ˦֣һѵҩģͼƻ鵤ɣһ;ûнݾߣ
ͷҡ죬ȴûоܾҩģʼһġ
۶ҩģӡյ
Ҳ֪ظ˶ٱ飬ֻ֪ƿʮö鵤
һյصĺһ
̫ˣͻ۶ûͣЪںƵڳõ¼ȫοǣĻ鵤Ƽ˲١
Ϊڸղ¯ҩУоԼ˲٣ҵҩĳɫҲ˲٣ҪǣƳö鵤
ͷǻ鵤ӦˣҪˣֱӰƿһԵͷ
ͷһֱһԣǵ۾ȴʱʱල
ԽԽеϣˣͷЦ˻ֱ񵽱ˣֻͷû˵ӹƿƿ˿ĵҩʮĵû͵ķϣͷҾΪȥɡ
ƲƲ죬ʲôΪѣ˵õģ˵ˣݽˣٲȥҲ˵ҩˡ
ϥھյ˵ݲ¾۷ңľʼϵ
۷ٻʮŨʹݵٶ°빦ʱݾڵڱͣʱöʯȣղһʹΪ١
һһϦ£ҪһĽۣȻֻһ㾫ʮϲ
ݵʱ䣬߰˸ʱԼãʱ԰룬һһѵõʱ䣬ȻϷ
ڽԪӤǰٳ߸ͷһʹ滹Ƿ棬һصĽУǴӡңз齣裬˽Ŀռ䣡
ӡǵһ۷壬ңͷ齣趼ǵڶ۷壬ڵĿ꣬ǣȫͻƣһأ
ϣŷ취սǱܣڸоﵽһƿʱͻƣұչսݾʱһߡ
ҽԪӤԪӤĶͷϣȻںԼĽӡǣҸоԼңͨͬѪͬΪһ壬ԣҾȰͻƿڷڷ齣ϣֻҪͻƷ齣ڶأʱңԿԷӳӾ޴ƣ
뵽һгң뽣壬ԼңϣڽϷ齣ľݿʼ֮塣
ʱڲʱŵķķɿ죬һۣڵﾹȻɫâ
һݸ֮̾壬ʵ̫¸ӣ̫ˣ߰˸ʱҲֻǸƤëˡ
ԭڲУֻͷ׼ʱ䣬յ߳ЦеĴݣСӣʱ
εֻջңһ߳һ֣ͷô˲˯һ֪£û˯
ͷȻ֪û˯ббƳһۣòһҶûкô
ͷ֪вңƲƲ죬Ĳѡ
Ҫʲôݵ
鵤֪ƵΪ֮ͷЦеĵֻչһٺ㽲ʦϸļɡ

ݵʼ쳣æµһ쵽û˿Уǵֲҹֻ֪굤˾ͬһ֪ƣĻˡ
ǳɹģͷԽԽ⣬ݵĽֱݡ


146¼թͷ
ڶ̶һµʱڵݣȻǿƷҩҲ˵һʱ䣬һûСףΪһҲһƷʦ
ٵԭһΪݵ츳͡
ҪԭȴһĪе֪ʶأͷȻòݲֹȴݸɽֹҲΪͷְϸĵĽ̵ݵĽٶȲŻôɿ졣
ݵɾͣͷνǹû
ԶԶֹЩݶԽĲҲڼٵĽȻûͻƷ齣أݸоĵѾؾż
ʵԵĽҪΪˣھ۷İ£ҲųСߺʹݾȻڶ̶һʱﵽԪӤ㣬ԼҲʮ־ȺͿϲ
ʱݻӺУţ׾Թ϶գ۹˰˸¡
ͷҪȥˣյƿٴζöĵΪĵԪӤͻƳϵĸߵȵҩ
ȥɣС죬ͷߣ
Ÿ£ͷ֮䷢С죬̡ΪޡҶЦҶ͸Ϊȵľֵѧϰ𾪵ǣͷȻϳС׻ʨ
ǼͷС졣
СÿﱧԹ粻Ǻˣһүүϡ
ʵͷС쵹ʮֺõģҾͷǷСǻϵޣǿʦͲڻԣǸҲڡۻ󡯵󷨣С°빦
Сٶȿˣ˵һ£ҲĬһΪ
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ͻƷ齣ڶأﵽ˵ءĶľ硣
ӡҲﵽ˵ڶءءңﵽء
˵һ޴ľұ֤ڵʵʵǿ屶
գݴ߳ңȴСϲԼļϣСҲԪӤΪֻСϲԼӱССʱͷҲˡ
ͷҪʲôĵݷС죬
첻ˣұôãͷʮֻζߣͷԴ͡
ͷݵ˵
ףͷתˣȻҪҳԴͣݵɴ۾ųͷ⼸Ǵûмô󷽹
СӲҪͷңͷã˵ȥǲȥͷһۣ˵
ȥͷͷĵµĻ쵰ͷͣȻȥƲƲ죬룬ͷҩ۾գһ£϶ǸͣòһһٵĻᣬԼ϶ܴ
Ÿ£ǶҲûзһӰӣǽˣֻʣ׵ÿյĳȻֹסһŭ
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ͷ˵ôྦྷʯΪʲôȥһÿСл˼˵ʶ㡣ݿݵͷĵ
ֻһƤңܱôͷΪڣ˿
ƤңĳƲƲ졣
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ݻǿ첽ȥȴͷ¥Ա
лӣǸɷɷĺȵ
ͷӣ㿴ɣ˼ҲлӡЦ
ͷƲƲ죬ָݶ˵ңоʯ
ʼ磬û˵Ǹ˽Žɣݵװ磬ȷ񲡺ͬ˽ȥ
ͷһ䣬˾Ʋˣֵеţȵ˵룬һһ̻ʣ·ڱһ㣬Ƶĺһķˡ
ʱŸ£Ϊʳںò׿Դ󱥿ڸûɲŬԣͷ±ռˣҶһʤ
˺һƣյĿͷٺֱЦͷ˵ˣ͡
û⣡ͷʮֿȴоһ˿
ȴһ˿ʲô
ʱͷˣһĹλ￴ͷʱ̲סüȴ˵ʲô
ֻʱͷվƨɣλͣλСֵܽˣͿˣȰݰˡ


147 һҪ
˵գͷѸײڶ֮Ѹ⣬Ұݣʯ״̬
ͷλÿտҲٿǸ𾪵Ȼ𾪱ɾ裬һ˫ӶݣֻҪԼһƨ˳԰͵ļ̽ˡ
һپʯݿ޵ĶˣǸͷֱ̫ɶˣȻˡ
һʮöƷʯ￴˿˵侲ĵ˵꣬Ǹﻹһɵݣ˵ôһʾʯ㸶𣿣
ֵ⣬˶Ӻľ¥ﴫһɱĽͷһҪ㣡
ݲ֪ôģڵܳ־Ȼھ¥⡢ЦеĴȶĵͷ
Ҳ̲סͷң
˭ˣͷ˵ͣû˵Ҹˣ˵㻨ͷôҩģͷֻûһϢѡͷȻЦеĵ
ͷȥҸô൤ҩһת󶼷˼
ֵΧʿǷ׷񾭲ˡ
ݷΧĿʱɫһ죬ѹݺ˵ͷȥúˣ
ֹ£΢ݸеοһǣͷԼɲ٣ʵû취ݵҲһƿƿȴΪԵʡ
Ͼô˵ԪӤΪƷ׵ĵҩᣬӦϣҲĲ
ͷ˵ݿƷʦΪѾƳƷҩٸ߼ĵҩҲġ
ԣǰվ飬ѧϰڵݣֻҪȹԼ״̬ʱ־Ϳˡ
죬ͷݽСӣ翡ֻһʱˣҲˣȸ·ôʱ
ͷʲôˡݷһۣͷûûεĻǲ
ദôõʱҲ֪ͷĸԣȻ˭ҲûԵȴѾĲ죺ôͷһȥ
ͷҾͲȥˣ˼ҿˣҵˡͷĻҪˡ
ͷѵ·ҵõһô㣬һָʥˮϢء
ͷԱŭ͵ݺһСӲ֪룬ͷһʺһ̵㣬Ƚȴ·ͷǳԱ˷û¸ѽ
ȻڵǿȣһʹĸоҲûУݻ˻˻ͷҪҵõһ֮ûг֣ҾͻФ磬ͷдʷ֮Ƥ޳ܳͷ׺䣬ó

ͷ㱻ĶСӸͷҹȥ
ҲûʲôʰģС죬ƨɾˣͷĬ£ҽ粢ûסݡ
ƷʦŬһ㣬СкܴϣڵģĽٶȣʵ˾ˣףˣ
ȵ뿪ңͷһӱˣǵǰģڱÿյңСӣһҪ
ʵ˵ʵݶ翡һ֪Ͼߣڲ˽ⲻ࣬Ȼ˵Ѿڲȹһʱ⣬һȹġ
ͷ˵ڲǵʮɸ֮ϼɸУΪϼɸǲһɸҲʮɸΨһڣ
ϼɸڲǺպģ
͹ʮɸţڲһ
ǰѵõһεʢᣬҪǸΪʿһչֵĻᣬȻҲǺܷḻġ
˵ʿǷǣǰԵõСɡ֮Ƶǿָһ£һǿԵõϸµָᡣ
һʹгݡɡʿһʿΪ֮볯ۡ
ҳһҲû˽ĺϸ
ʵݶԽںںģֻʥˮô򵥣ֻʥˮһϢҲֵȥƴΪûʲôĪлָҪ
Ȼһ꣬ǶԲĵͼüڲ綫λ룬ϼɸռǧĵϼɽС
ֵһǣݵΪԪӤ۷壬ν졣
һʱ䣬ôãȫɽˮ飬żһ·УȻԵá


148 ż
ʮһ·̶ûиϵʱݿʼżˣΪ󵽱ǰ죬ܹʮʱʿμӵʱ򣬹ʱΣǿɾˡ
죬ϵϼɸʵɡ
ݵ¿ӱޣȡһڵִ
߿գݿԿԼӹеǶеһСȺеģɴǺƺƵ˵Ķ顣
۲£һķ羰͸·
ݾȵǣǵķ򣬴Ƕ򣬶ЩʿΪǲףݲ룬Щʿȥ϶Ϳйء
ѣԭ㣡
˼ʱһϲԼĶЩ죬ݺ
һʱᣬҲǲ
תͷԴǺƺƵ˵ʿȺУʿһһŮʿϳɣͬɽʵ
ŮС磬ȴ¡
ǰͫ΢΢һʧЦ
ˣȴϴ·ƽεġԳɽŵӵʿеĽлңŮĽࡣ
û뵽ѻǵǡЩ
΢΢һЦû˵񣬲ɨɣﰵ룬ɽŵʵҲǲȻзڸ֡
ˣѣҿ򶫣ǲȥǣҿʵ
ţûݵͷ
ǻ¶ϲɫ֪ԸԸһͬУ໥֮ҲиӦϴεõȣһֱҪҸᱨ𣡡
ݳһȻӦ
ҲãԼƵټһȥ鷳һһţӦÿԼٲ鷳ɡ
˴Ǽ˵ĶУΪ׵Ǹ۷߹ʦǵӶ˵ģϴξһ
ŶǸɫۣɽӣܾһ˫ӥ۴һȻЦλСĳͽգϷڴ˶лˣ
ʵȴ˼⣬ԪӤһ㣿ԪӤһΪ֪ĳ߸ԪӤʿͰ˾ŸʿİΧȻסвһ˻ԪӤΪ
СҸǲãȴʮʵ϶˵ѣôΨһĿܣ꣬һأо˵ս츳
Ҳ˻Ϊ⣬ȴȻ
ΪԽߣԽûнҿԣȻսɿ壬ʮʿǳصġ
߰룬СȻԪӤһ㣬ҲСͳȴʮΪϵʿ࣬˵Ժ϶Ϊ
֪֪ݲΧҰȫһٺȻȥʲô顣
ʵ߿ԪӤһΪʵݹýصģһֱǱŵ͵ԭ򣬲ǡ
ǰˡһºš
󣬻ǿֹŻһֱ΢ЦȴȻҿ϶˵ԼҲ顣
ȻЦˬĵСѿԺǽУǸã
ⷬ˵ͬݵļˣͻʮָˣллʦ
ɽŵţʿ۷塣
еʿһʿȴǲϲûȥעô࣬ʵ벻飬ࡣ
ֻ˻һӣ˶ѡ
ƺƵٴθ·Ķ˵ѣ˵һ֪ѵš
ûУһ֡ʼ磬ҽݡ
ԭݵѣ˹֣һ߸·һĵݵѣѵҲ׼ȥۿ翡
ţûȥʶݵͷȻ˵ԼʵȥμӴġ
ٺ٣ʵǳȥι⣬һ׼ȥμءȴ˵˴֣ʮڴģ˵δĽƷǳˣ˾ȻǣԵõɵָ㣬ţұ˵õɵָ㣬ǿԼһ棬ҲʮˣǲμӵĻǹۿģǳŵȥġ
Ŷô棿ԵǲˣɣҲ˷ɣ
㲻֪ҲĿݣ·Źһ㡣
ݱ񶢵úգĨĨӣڨЦҵȷ֪
ȻΪ˷ܵģ˷ܵİѵɵĴ½˳
ʱһʮֲг˽ǣң˵ľһôǸԪӤһʿӦ˵ʵ̫ǿأ˵̫ûã
˵ĳ֮⡣
ԭ˷ܵɫһ˲ȴúΣѿ
Ҳü


149 
ɽţΪˣȻÿ˵ֻǶ⿡ʵʿȴﻭһ档
ұ˵ͲԴǣӲǺǸ꣺Ϲʦ֣㡢ҲҪҪҵĶˣ
Ϲʦ֣ô˵Ҵ磿һԵ࣬Ҳüĵ
Ҵ磬ʦãΪʲôҷ磬ȴҪʦ֣ϹᣬԹ޵Ķ˻һۣҴ磬㶼ãҪʲôǶɽŵˣ
ұҵ˵Ҳֱţٴ
ʱʿ̲סüĺȵˣΪʦ˵˶ٴˣʦãҪͬЭ
ʱǿˣԭʦãòʦֵΪʦԴ
ʿֱ⣬Ҳͷ۵ģǸϹ岻ǺˣȻΪԪӤ۷壬ƷʵڲզΡ
һƽϣȴûɵ˵
ȷϹΪɽŵ֮ӣ̶ʮﵽԪӤ۷壬ҲԪӤŲ㣬νǹ⻷֣һʿҲϲЦտ
ԶϹ壬˵簮һ㣬ĽԴ
һССķ粨ΪʿֹʱͣϢǸĿݣƺڱǸ̯̯֣ʾûйϵ
󣬻Ҽݿʼ̸ɵĴ˵
ɣһдɫʵ
һ͵ȵŵӣܾ裬ƽƽΪͬŵԶΨȤ
ʮ꣬Žɽ𵤣ʮ꣬ۿܻ߲ܵģɽ֮ʱһ
ǣΪһȫûǰ;͵ȵӣûжٻӴò鼮
ƾһӱżõѵõĽᣬѧϰȻԼеľʯȫҩĵҩϡ
ͷԣֻһĽʡڰһһƷҩ
͵͵Ȼóȥģͷʼԣ˾ȵǣ츳ʵھˣȫƾһ֪ʶԼȻ;ԽԽһƷƷƷʮʱ䣬ѾƷҩһֵҩԼϣԼΪȻٴͻơ
̶̰꣬ȫԼŬһٳ嵽ƷʦΪҲǿдﵽڣ
뿪ǸĵţԼڶ̶꣬һٳΪָľƷʦ
Ʒ
һʱ䣬ĬĬŵͨʿһˣ磡
Ҫ֪磬ԴﵽƷʦˣ಻ˣȫд󱳾ģǿԴͲƸҳġ
ΨɣԼһһȫƾԼӱ΢۷壡
˼ʿż
󣬾ƷʦǶôֿȣرЩߣҪͽǣ󣬶ɽڵʿΪһöɽٵʲôز
һöɽٵٷ֮ʮĶɽʣЩҪɽٳɹ֮»ɢĴܣҵҲҪõһöɽٵ
ɽٵΪƷҩҲֻоƷʦƵĳ
ָľƷʦУڵϼɸΨеɢޡ
ҾݴţɵǾƷʦУǿĴڣ
ټϵΪ˵͵ײβƮ죬ԣϣԵõλָһϣԼһλԵ
զ࣬ɵľԼֻԼĪУԶĺʦɱԼҪ౶
ԼҪúüʶһɫʵĵˣ
̸߽ⷬ߸·ʱŵǷɿġ
ֹ˼ʱһкƺƵˣѾִ򣬳Ǹȥ
ֻ˼ʱǣ˳˺쳣ӵڻûеʱԵϼɸ⿪ţȸʿֻƴҿջ߶㵽ɽȥȴĿʼ
һм˺ƺƵĿջȥ
ȻȴģΪЩĿջѾʮɸʮԤһţֻ󿿿
մһŵĹ⣬ҪȻǽȥЩĿջΪؼʱڣռ˾Ȩһɢޣͱȥͨջķ䡣
ҽ衯ĿջһҺջıϣҪǰ̤ջʱǼҺջպ߳һȺˣȴһϤϣԭɽˣ
һæһȥ


150 ͻ
ԭǶ׳ϣˡʿüëһתͷ˵ߣӲĵ
ǺջģȻǶ׵һСȺӣ֪Ҫȥ
Ȼɽֻһţڵλ޷Ƕȣʿ֪׵ͽܣȻԼİͽ֣ȻǺòȥ
ټɽȻһţΪһţǱҲжɽʵǶ죬ǶҲ޹ɽţΪɽţͺñٴ
׵һȴûлشתһɫʿıӰ˫۽ðŭ
ɽŵĵӣǻɫۣʿȴһɫۣұӰôϤ׳Ͻʧһĳˡ
ܺãһһˣСӣϷˣ׵ŭҪǰȥ׽סݡ
ʿȴǽһһӰ׵ǰŭ׵ҪҾǶ쳤ϣɽҲǺǣ㶯ŵһëԣ
㣿׳ʿһ󴵺ӵָۣݵǸӦòɽŵӰɣ
ʿ׵ָݣԭͬŭʨӰͼ֣ƽӦӦΪƼˮˣȥһǶĳϡ
ȴߣʿһǰǸСʹɽǶ죬ŰҵӴˣһûкˣ㾹Ȼ˵ң
СıķϣɽгͻǸСӣǸ̻ͱ׷ˣ׵ҧгݣݣٵԼʱĳ
ǰǰЩȴ˵ͽܽɴҺʦãһ·׷ɱˣݵȣʦãҪͽܸɱˣӽɵĴû׷㵹ָˣ
ǰŲӷ
Ҳ˪Ľɽ⣺޳Сɸվǵһһʣ
ԭںĽ͸оĻɫ䣬ĵѪˣ
ǽηη˸ȴ
ȻƢ꣬ҲɵоԼͽƭԼʵʹݣҪɱݣѾΪɵ£Լ£ǿ鼶Ʒۣܲܲŭ𣿣
ߣЩҲᣬǸݣϷһҪ׽סйͷ֮ߣ׾¿ƢˣѾȥԼĶԴֻ֪ܶˡ
⡭ʿЩ׳Ѿ˵ˣЩԹȥƽϣֻǼƽǸݣҲ˵ԼֻݣžͲ˵һ졣
ǲݣԵò塣
ԼϳʱѾתֱס
ĻݲɷһЦһ׳ϣһ쳤ϣǷǣ׽ң׽ס߳ŭȻͬøҰ㻹һ쳤㻹Ҫ޵ͻ𣿣
㡭ױ֮˵㡯ãܻ۽УСӣҵĸϷ򲻴סͷ֮ޣ
һȻԼԼ¶˳
һţæһ޹ģʲôҲû˵˵ġֱ顣
ﻩȻ
׳˵ʲôԪӤһʿ׵׷ɱȻΪĸٵˣֱǴ
ѹһܻƢꡣ
뵽ȴұֳʿԣҲһ𣬹ȻϣʿԪӤһΪȻʹױȷǰ;ãԼǽύ¶Լɽ
뵽ʿѾҪվסݡ
û뵽ȴ̤߳ɽŵȺУֱ׵˿ɫѾˣ˵ɽź浱ͷڹ꣬ҽͷųݲɽţɽûκιϵֻһˣôҶң
ݵĻʿҪվȻһͣЦʿҪԼ飬ҲգҲա
ܺãܺãǳã׵ĺҴһŭЦ˵ãеʶôϷ쵹ҪǲôӲǲôţ
˵գȻųѾҪ֣


151 ʦ
ҶһëݹֱɱǶӣΪƾʧȥΪκεңͻȻϮľ磬ΡȻ·ûп׿Ϯ֣
ǳǣϼɸĵ̣ﶯ֣ǲѵϼɸΪǶ죬Կϼɸô
ݵĻͬһףֱӺڱߵ׵Ժľ磬ݵķ˿ķҲ죡
вв
ǣϮȴͣ˵껰˲䣬һطֱ
СӣӴͽֱɫòͣݺݵһ˦֣СӣϷţȵϷһҪ㣡
˵ûдǹؼʱ̣߻ӣϼɸϣľĵϷͻǲϼɸӣ
ǽȥ˵գ׵ҵﵤϼɸǻŭȴ޴ӷйֻ÷ŭ˦ȥԭҪȥ˼ûˡ
ƥ򣬱š˵˿塣
һͻԭ쳣𱬵ĳǸʿȫˣǷһССԪӤɢޣȻҲǶȨȻƣʱˣѵõʤ
ʱ˶ȨƵʿĿ࿴ﰵ룬Сӣеʶֵþ塣
ݲĿ꣬ʿ˹֣϶´ĺ΢ЦǰŴ鷳ʵڲһ·϶лǰĹգֻڣҪˣ
Сѣ˶ӣһиաʿ̾ѣټҪύݣ˵
лǰʢ飬ֻǲۣǣ
Ȼ˵ί񣬿ȴǼ
Һѣݵѣҡ
λö˵ĳԵԵپۣ΢΢һЦ˺ѡһΪƫƧĿջݾ
һ¼ҲڳҲˣԪӤһʿڲǶ쳤ϵϣ֮ԣǾˣʶɼ
ǣϢǶ˵ȴ൱ڴһ⣬һССɢޣȻƶȨǶԿʮ嶴ţڰôЦǡ
ǣ˵ǵϼɸĵ̣ǶȻڲҲǶžͲһĴ綥ʵɸĸΡ
ȻҶ֣Ҳȡж
һΣ˭˭Ѿ׵ˣǹǶ棬ⱻЦʱģȴš
ǶĶԸеӼලݣֻҪһݳ˳ǣǾ̲ȡжҪϵ˻׽
ʱݣȴһСջסʿ޿ûбɢޣǷݺ󣬷׷þ
ɢޣҲȨƶ죬ڸЩɢһѽôɢѵûô
ݱͷƤ飬ǳڿջҲڼԼǶӣЦģΰǶ쳹׵ǲưոˣˣõʥˮϢ󣬱ˣŵĲ´ЬģǶٴҲܱ鲼ɣ
ʱ䣬ܿ͹ȥ
죬˱ʱ䣬ĵص㣬ڳĴ㳡ʱڳ⳯ɽϼɸУ
һ𴲣һ㱨ðġ
ݷˣ˳Ǵ㳡ȴ֣ʱѾ˳˺ʿռʮĴ㳡ġ
һ봦ŵһȦ
׳۵ĳͷƤ飬ʵʵ˶飬ЦԭΪԼгԣû뵽˼ϾѾˣˣȲð
ҿ̬վһԽ϶̵ĳ飬ȴڻͷ̵ɣͱǰ׼
죬糿磬ֵݡ
һöŮ˼䡣
ݾѣǰŮĿԼһ龧Өƣ׼¼ģ
ݣʮһꡣʵʵĻششŮһ㶣ʮһꣿô᣿
ȷʿ˵ʮһ꣬ԽꡯʮһʿΪжǿ
ŮƲƲ죬ȴճûʾʦ£ҪƷϵʦſȨ޲μӱ
ʲôʦ£סˣӣûС


152 Ʒʦ
ûŸƨӣУУ治ǹҲʮͬĵ˵ͷӹĻ£ʼ¼
ݾȻǿмȥһڱƲѡ
үģͷΪʲôҾȻ涨ôõĶӣ˷ѱʱ䣬ͷ
ݰԸ̣æҵʿ̽
ʱݲףԭ
һʿ䲻һʮ꣬һʮ֮µģǿܣڶʿﵽƷʦȼʦ֤ʮöƷʯΪѡ
ݴʦڳ봦ҲǴ㳡ĲߣҪõʦ£ͱȥԿˡ
ʦˣʦȨᣬɵϼɸȼ󶥼ŴһˣʦṩԺͱ
ʦһ޴İɫߴֺ룬ư磬Űɸ¥̤˽ȥ
ڣܿʱȴܶ࣬ݲ²⣬ΪԵʡ
ǰǳľ̨Ȼɢ㣬̨ʮɫȹŮְҵЦݣӦϾӵĽӴʦ
ݵһСᣬ̨ǰЦλҪԣõʦƷ׻¡
λӣǱߣŮһЦָұߵλõ
ݵлҲһ޴ķ䣬ڻʮС䣬ǰĲߣͷͦʿŶӣֵһᣬ
ǰǺãԵġ΢΢һЦ
䣬ҪԵƷסߵġ
ݣʮһ꣬ҪԶƷʦȻЦŻص
ݵĻ΢΢Щһ㶣̧ͷһݣںʿǣ˵ҲȣСӣʮһʿҪԶƷʦͦ
ˣɵĿݣһ˵󻰵ģ
ȴЩȻºţ޵Цݡ
ȷӦһ¼ݸһƵȥ8ŷ䡣
ллݵͷҵ˺ŷ䣬ź˽ȥ
ֻм򵥵ΣֻһеĿ۾һۣ˵Ƹҡ
ݵݸʶӦһ۾΢΢һ㣺СС˶ƷʦǣɣƳɹͨ
˵գҩĳݵǰԣﰵ룬ףûбֳҩģȻ۶
۶һǸٴһ۾̾ȻǱƷҩ
΢΢һЦû˵
ݲ֪˶ٱ飬ݸռ۶𺳿ʼˡ
Ԥ¯ҩģӡƻ򣬿ӡյ
һǳɣˮû˿ͣ͡
Ǹߴӿʼɢ棬ٵ𾪣ֱֱվĿɿڴĵݣ޿ɸӣ
ģʮһʿǸ߷оݵ࣬϶ûгȫ
ԲֹƷʦʮһƷʦһţ
ڣһʱ굤ҩʱһҩ㡣
ǰ顣ݹİƿ˫ֵݸߣʾء
Ǹ߿ʼúɫЦеĶ˵СѺùü֪ʦӺˣ
һҰͷͷ
ǺǣСѿЦˡΪݲ͸¶ʦţҲǿⲻ֪˵ʵ
鵤ҩƷ׺󣬸𾪣ɫϵȣ
Сѣǰ;һȥμӿܴİɣϵףˣǸЦ̬ȽȻͬ
ǰˡݲЦ档
ݰóȥݸǸűߵʱ߷ɿĸӦһߣȻۣһƽһ飺ϲλСѣͨƷʦĲԣ
ʱѾһˣ߶˵Ļ֮󣬶ʱ󲿷񶼾ۼݵϣĽкޡ
лע뿪˳ȥ
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һ˫ŵâųһٶˣȷûв©ǲȴ쳣ϵٴδαԣƷҩĵ׼ǲοʱ䡢̡ҩɫۺϷ湲ͬѡߣ
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156 ɹ
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Ƶ𾪣ݣж˼־裡
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157 ʮǿ
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160 ƴһ
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163 ԭ
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ϤòϤֵĴСӼ첻ˣƤǲǣôӡ
ԭ㣬ԭͷŴ͡
ⷬһеʿŵôģ
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ĿɿڴòһһԭʶҿһͷһСӵĽлһϤ
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ԲԣͷǧûгˣңͷҲɸˣͲҺƤʦˣǲǣƵ
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ɺͺƵȻͬţɵĸִ˵УɵȷһɵŵӣֻСżȻ뿪ţƺ飿
ҲŵеĻҩζǺһһף󼷳ѿЦݣһ̾ʦܣӮˣ
Щ¾ͲҪˡͷڰ֣˭ԿЦĵЦ·йЦ
ͷʼ䷢ƷʮǽƷݵĴǧöƷʯԴƣ󣬴ݿʼͷʼָǰ
ڣнϣȻһֱ͸ķԡθ֮ԡĻݽ
ⳡһεʢĻ
ͷ㡭ݳűסͷҪ˵
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ͷݸҪ˵ͷȴ۾ݣǲкܶɻܶҪʣ
ԣݵͷ
ǲǺ֪ΪʲôҪõһͷʡ
ûٴεͷ
Ҫ֪
ԣ
ǺãҾ͸Ϊʲôͷ̾һ


164 һɸ
Ӧûٶ˵һЩҵɡͷ̾һ˵ֻЩȻЩƣԼұġ
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ǧǰҺͺͬһӵСżεĵϼɸϷ֣к󣬾óϴɽ˵ϼɸŵӣ˵ҸǲʵȻҵĸȻǾȣҲһ㣬ҪȻҲܱϿУƵĸǣȴǾɸ
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΢ĵӣȴųȰƾŬͿ̿࣬ټ϶֮츳ȻΪеȣҵȴڷٵ
Ȼҵ츳ͬӣУҲΪŵӣԣƳҵʦ֣ʦܡ
ԭһҺܸ˵ǣһΪҳ˸ӣиõҺͺǺѣлһһܿĵ顣
ȴҴˣҴС֪ƾһҰĵˣǣΪ˵鲻ᱻЩܣ֪ˡ
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֮ǰҶԺƷģһҪסҵͽҲǣһҪͽܲסԶİڽ£
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ʲô԰æôһ
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ͷҡҪ˵ЩʲôȴЩߣȴ˵ڡ
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ݰ֮ѹĵף棬߶ĸ֣һɸ
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165 ʶԪ
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뵽⣬æԺĵͼҵһɸλãȻȷӳǵһɸ·ߡ
ಣ
ݶ˵Ҳ˲ʲôϼɸӣֱڿնѡһֱߣҪһɸصɸ֮ǰסǡ
Ϊʥˮݴʱٶȼ죬ңе£ֻܷһ޵ĵӰͬһ쵽µɫ磬Ƴգʧڳǡ
һɸڲֻһʱѾŵλá
ǰǿããġ
룬һɸѾ˼ʱ·пܾԼǰԼ԰·ȥܲǡ
ţѡ·ߣ廯һ⣬ʧڳС
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ݻûзĿ꣬أһ˿ͣɾʱӦǰһﴦǧ˵ĺƵ飬һƽȶٶǰ·
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һϲԭ쵽µȻٴһ٣ȻڼɵλƽʼĽӽ
ʵЩģΪ׷ȥˣҲ֪οڣܲԼճȥʡܸܲʥˮܸܲʥˮĻɡ
ݸɴһպ·ģȿһɸĶΡ
뵽⣬ٶ΢΢һ㣬ʱǰӦֻƵĶͻȻͣ
ɻֻһݵˣǰתȻźƺƵĶı䷽ӭݡ
ףڸʲôƣʱΪ׵ǸˣЦСѣû뵽㣬Եְ
һȴ»֪οأҲЦݣӭȥһ񣺡ԭһɸʶԪˡ
Сѿˣ֪СΪβڵǰ֮ȴҪȥδʶԪ΢΢һЦʵ
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ʶԪ뿪ЦһЦ
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166 
һĽʱ˲١
Ը˼һԸһԸҲˣɴĵͷǸǺãǰ⣬ҾðĴһˣ
ŲţʶԪܸ
һˣһɸȥ
Ƕ졣
ǸСӾȻǵɵͽܣѾˣǸô죿ǶĶǰµС㡣
ɣǶĶһмЦǸϼһԹ˲ϾԼסѵпǶ鷳
ԼסȻ
֪ģͲôࡣĻ׶ʱҷʡ
ˣǸݵСһôٸѧϰʵ
ûУ֪ΪʲôԵ޹ͻȻȥȻ·һɸţֱһʶԪһɸ׵æѵ鱨һһʮ˵
һɸüͷ΢΢һ壺Сһôһɸˡ
˦˦֣
ˣǲȥˣߣʶԪǸϺ꣬϶ҲûаʲôģˣǾͱȥˡ
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ݱʶԪһϺõĶУһ죬ʶԪݹһɸӵȷʶԪԼһͼıʶԪȴһֱûᣬԼ顣
ҲֵĲȥʣǡýᣬеʥˮϢ
ϧʧǣôûһʥˮ飬ʶԪҲһûҪߵü
ʱ򣬾ǿĵʱˣݼֲиʱһЩ죬߽йĿյһɸûر֮
ֵһǣһɸʮɸʮжʮֺţררо꣬˵ǵҪֶΣ깥
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ʶԪӿ飬̫Զˣһ첻̫ԶˣԴҵõʬ壬ҾһֱڿҰ취㣬ϣˣʶԪϣˣ
ʶԪ鲻ԽĲ·𿴵ԼӸ£µģ
ʬ壬ѾɢҪʬ壬Ψһŵ꣬ȻǿڽʬУټһɸطа˳ɰոˣ
˵ǣȴѰԿƵģǣҪǿͶȼߵſԿƣһǧҿѰңȴûҵһϵˣʶԪǸСӣȻۺ񣬿ǵͶȣȴǱκˣҪǿ
ʶԪϣ¶˿ϲݵͶȣǵ꣬һҪԣһҪɹȿסݵ꣬Ȼɹˡ
һʶԪͼӵĿ˴˵еˣһ˭棬֮£ʶԪһ˵ģ
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䣬ĵֻʣЦھþûص


167 캮̶
Сܣ֪⼸ôд֮Ҫ½һ
ڻ԰ɢӭȴЦʶԪ
ϸԲӣӦҶдŲŶԡ΢΢һЦ
Ǻǣ⸱ģ϶İɣϸҾʹȥһط˵գʶԪĿݡ
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ûȥĵطȥ֪ˣߣϸһ۸ġʶԪЦ˵ݣһɸĺɽȥ
ľСԱĹǧذתһʯ´ɻȴʶԪۺȻӿһۻҵķ޴ʯڣͻȻ¡¡ģмǿдһͨɽ
ߣǽȥʶԪɫ𾪣һ䣬˽ȥ
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ܳ࣬Ƕ˵Ҳֻ顣
߳ݶʱеһ壬ʱԽĴһ
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ëȻֱĶħҿ캮̶ƣ̫ˡ
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ˣֲилر캮̶ǸرģӦÿֻǵ㵭ɫɣڣ
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֮꾫ģ޲ž޴ãѵõҩģ֮£ûж֪һɸˣҲֻȼ֪
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ǣȴɻˣʥˮֻ˿֪ΪʲôʶԪҪԼȻԼأ
ݿɲţ˵ĽԺõֵزһԭ򣬿ǣΪʲôأ
֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
ʶԪ·ݵ˼ʵ


168 ټ
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̯̯֣ȷ֪ʶԪΪʲôҪԼ
˵ʵҸռ㣬;һмƣǰǶ¡ʶԪ¶廳飬Գ׷䡣
ϸ磿ϸ磿ݿʶԪѡ
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ʥˮһڣպõӣһʱʶԪȫȻֲƣݶʱеһϢ̫ǿˣ
֮ʶԪһӴƵĻɫ͸Ȼ캮̶
ڶɽھǿߵ£캮̶ˮͬεֲֻ
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캮̶̶ףƽޱȣֻ봦һǳӣ·Ϊ֮
ǳģ캮̶ˮһֵɫӽ͸޵Һ壬ʶԪٴһһסеĵɫҺ壬һץʱŵɫҺ峯ȥ
֪ʶԪѾһƿЮŵɫҺֱƿڣµ˲䣬ʶԪ̸סƿ

캮̶̶ˮʧȥʶԪ͵һ˺ٴλָƽ
ݿĿɿڴԭʥˮ캮̶ײ
ʶԪʥˮȫһգǿֲѹʱȻ޴档
СܣҸղ˵ҪһʶԪ΢΢һЦƿʥˮ͵ϸ磬ɡ
˵գʶԪƿݸݵʥˮ˲һ˵ǿȺۺȣǳڣкܴİ
⡭ϸ磬̫ˣܲ𡣡ۿʥˮǰ˵Ǽٵġ
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·͸ݵ˼ʶԪԤݻܾ̯̯֡
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һθ֮ԡЩɶʶԪıʮֱ棬ݸܵʶԪġϡӹƿжĵϸ磬лл㣡
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㿴ǲ˵ˣĻԵһɸ
ʶԪ뿪Ц˵
ˣϵܣʥˮȻʱƿʱԽãЧԽϻȥѹأԷһ
ʶԪġ˵
д⣬ллϸˣݼ˵ĪУоˣڵõʥˮˡ
ʥʥˮѾ֣¾㱸ֻǷˣ
ݵʶԪ뿪ɽصԼĶݲ½磬ʶԪݵСܣҾѹأҪúʥˮȫҩͶȺۺȣ
˵⣬ʶԪ¶һ˿кΣͬȴûз
ллϸ磡ݵͷֻΪʶԪΪãǴʣ뵽ϸ磬иĺˣֻʥˮԼаҲҪĪлָĪжҺҪʦѣϸĶ飬ֻģϸ֪ҵΪҲԼ
Īе£ȴκˣ½磬ϥޱȡ
ĪУһҪ㣡

⣬ʶԪţĿŶ棬ϧһ磬ֲʶֱȥΪĻݻΪ˴չأ»жһļƻȫˡ
һҪɹһҪɹʶԪ治ͣⲽĬĬ
ĴθʥˮˣԴӵõ˵ʬ壬Ϳʼ˸˵ļƻǰѡһɸӣȻԼʥˮǿǵ꣬ϵȱݣʹǲûʬ壬
һΣҺòǿôǿˣԲʧ걾ǿټҵʥˮʬɹʼݣֱĺʬ壬ҲԺˣ


169 Ӯң
ʱˡ
ʶԪѾͷˣϼУ
ܰôô˵۳ɹʧܣӦиϢˣΪʲôûгأ
ѵң治ʶԪﵣǣ漴һ룺ܰûκεҿչ֮ʱǼ͸˵ģûɱѵʲôµˣ
ͣͣΪʬ壬ΪʶԪ۰磬Ҫͣô꣬Ѿ̹ˣ
ʶԪǿѹԼҪȥĳ嶯
²ûдݵȷǺĪĵ̫Ͷ룬һӴʱ
ʶԪ벻ġ
УһҪȥʶԪվģҪȥ
ǣʱ򣬽򿪣ʶԪԭŵµĻȻһϲȫ۵£Ҫסݣ
ϸ磬ҳˣϲʶԪЦһ룬ͻȻʯˡ
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ϸ磬ʥˮѾˣ˵ݻҪͣȻĪеһףݳСɵߣɱˣ
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ôܣܣĵС󣬻ûκιԼĸ飬ĪڸջָȻ˵Լϸ磬Լɱˣ
ôܡ
һ̫ͻȻݸܲˡ
ʶԪ˵һͻȻעȻ뵽СӲںԼɣղѾʥˮȴû˿仯
ʶԪѾܵһ˿Ԥڵ㷢չ
ʥˮһΣѵҪڵ꣬Բܣ
ʶԪǽԭº͵˲˺ƣɽڵĿƶȻ£һĿ⿴ûʥˮҲҪ꣬ȥһԵܸܲˣ
Сܣ̫ˣϸ̫ʧˣȥɣʶԪ˵ͱ䣬ݼӦĻᶼûУ
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޴ӷ
ʶԪǰ죬ǵأ֮ݾǺѡ
ĪУסˣû˿ţڣҲֻ㡭
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ʶԪϮֻ֣ɲѾݵǰ
Сӣأڷʲôʲô߰ģĪеͷ𣺡ո˯һҪչǣȥĹͷҪˣ
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Ȼ˺棬ʶԪϷ֣ɽڸǺεǿʶԪһƥ۳һɫƥȻݵĺ󱳷ȥ
䣡
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ĪȻƽʱѲǹǱصϣһƣǿֲĴڣ
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һһеƣ٣
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̾һڵ£һʱӣ֪ΪʲôһθУǶѩǶ԰
ݳСӣڲʱǸʲôѩʵǸŮ¾֪ԣȥġ
ϲˣеĶΪ㿼ǡ
Ī̾һݣڲЩŮ˽ˣԵ飬˵ڣʵƻɡ
ĪеĻݳĬãվĪУ˵ʵ°ɡ
ݰѳǿѹĵʼԼڵʵ
˳ԼڵʵƳļƻЧġ
ԪӤΪңͷ齣Ǵﵽؾ磬ӡڶسڣ־ҲСɣսǱҲԿơ
ݰԼʵȫ˵˳ڽռģΪнңͷ齣裬ͻƸղã¶ʱѾսǱܣֻϤգҪսǱܽɱͨǲ֪Ҫȵ¡
ǺãǾͰʵص㣬ΪͽϡĪеͷʵڵǼ򵥣ԪӤ㣬ɽޱأֻҪÿɱޣڵСգټϾ۷󣬿ΪڶڿԪӤŲ㣬Ҫģǽڣ
𲻵ò˵ݳСʵ̫ˣⱾͬʱǿͶȡۺȺ͹ԣֱǿҲĶˣ
Ǳ޴һɸȻҲģǵķûнǿȫ棬עصĹԣǿͶȣƫȻۺ񲻼ǣͶȴԶԶ˦һ֣ʶԪͶȣҲûǿ
깥ϣĹֶͬټϼĵڶ̬⽫ԸʶԪ


176 ݳ
Ī촽Ϊ˵ڴŵļƻѾȷھΪͲΪķսΪڶʱϣѽгɣ
ף
ͦñֱԭºŵƵȻ޴棬ھһâ¶ĳƣ·ҪѲͱһ
׼ʲôʱʼƻĪпݣοҲǰǸʱʱҪԼල꣬ѾˣԼԼලԼѾˡ
ڣ
µֻȴᶨһͷҲصֱӷ˶ڣС죬ߣ
ݵѾϸļƻ
Ѿô
ǧʶǧֻһδεúʵɣȻܹԽԽϤԼĽȻ
һδսʵʵݾççɽޣѾڶѵ
ޣһսɣ
ˢ
ŨܵɽһĴС

һ޵ŭȵĿ꣬һͷ𵤾Ųޡܡ
ͷްǰͬһֻϰС͸ƣ񽣵һеǿƣܷԵСޱȡ
ȷǰͬСһϣ÷ʵ幥һԽɱ
ֻݴʱΪѵ꣬Ϊϰġ
֮â¶
ݰѽâ¶ֳأյֻǵһء
˫϶Ϊһһɫ磬˲ܣȻԭŭݵܣðŭ˫һ˲ɵϴǹԲͫףɫʿɿն
ͨ
ܺȻ£ǣϣҲκ˿ڡ
깥ɱ֮У
ҡҡͷѾ̫ˣû˿սԣ𲻵ѵã
ҪԪӤڡڡڵޣһսãҲᶮ깥һԼ־ͷ־ſԷӵ£Ҳȫ棡
뵽ˣһӣһâɵѿֲܴڼ壬һץѪУһöɫڵС
ͷҲأƮȻȥѰһĿꡣ

޴ĺĻŲ磬ޱ޼ʵɽޱȵļžһ£⵭ǹ⣬׺ڵҹա
ˢ
һӰȣ˸Խɣͬ飬ڲãɽУһǵӰʧںҹУԾһɽڡ

ڵ¶һ˿ƣ
һ죬սжȹģһδʩչݵѾʮöڵһöᵤڵڵģԪӤڵġ
ڳڵޣȻԻܣǳڵѾǻۣ֪УӴܣټϳڵڵ𣬾ͲҲ޿κΡ
һսʹݵľ޴û˿ͣЪѽջڵȫӸС죬գԼϥ£ʼ
ʶڣݵϥһƽâгȻݵڡ
ԭƣ꣬ʱþ١
ʱۣѾ͵£ݸоԼ꣬Ĵº֮ǰ졣
ʿͬһɣѹԽԽߣ
ݵսгɳеٶȣɿһأҲ⡣
ۣһâţָҹ䡣
ţҲǿ٣ݸӦһϲԱڵС죬˲׹
С켸԰һٶȣԽԽãÿŲ㣬ÿһ㶼Ļۣÿһȴʵת䣬ԶԶûдﵽʵƿֻҪŬǿԼ
һһΧ㲼۷
ڵݳֿνޱȣȱľǾʯȱʱ䡣
Ʒʯµľ۷ݵٶȷȻ۷ӣٶȣզ࣡
Բɵܵջ󣬷׷״ӿг룬ĳڻۡ
ӵʹɽŨޱȣۿɼöڵĿ˵ɫ
ʵ̫ˣ
Ԫ½ԭŨټڵľ۷󣬺Сһ̷ڵ
ٶȣУһ֡죡
ĸ֡쵽£
Ǳʿĳ϶ĵɱۣŨģɸҲ˿ѷɫ
ݳޣ̫ݳˣ


177 ƿ
ȻҪ಼¼۷󣬿ݵǿֻôǿľֻôͬһӣٶˮҲֻװһˮ
ǿйˮȥ»пܰѱӼ˷á
ɲһʿֳֺõ飬˭˭ɡ
ȻڵٶȺܿ죬ҪԸĵˣȴļǧ꣬ϣҸһأѾȲʵٶԽԽãΪͲʱ䣡
׻˵ȷɣ䲻Ǳ񣬿ȴ𲽵Ҫ׷ǰߣֻбȱ˸ʱŬС
뵽Ʋʼңľ
ǹ÷ɿġ
ոһգ긴һꡣ
죬ýսããɽѪȷ磬е޶֪Ǹɽһ̬࣬רѡǿϢɱ
ԪӤڣڣֱѰҷڵĸ߼ɱ
ǿǣ꣬Ծͱռƣݽ֮â¶ȻǿޱȣҲһɱޣ
ЩܵˣڷӦ󣬶˵ֱʩչԵı츳ǿ·ԴҲʮΡ
ݾڳڵϣЩ꣬ɱĿ꣬ǵڵҲСĸ֮
ڵڵ̺Ŷٵ
СֻԪӤڣЩڵС˵ĲƷڷţԼ£ݵҲڸŷ
ݵٶȣﵽ˺˾ŵĵز
̶һ꣬ݵʵȻﵽ˵ԪӤ۷壬ҲԪӤŲ㣬ڣ˾ϵƿ
һΪݽģǽҪעؽķ־͹־ڱ־ڶôûȥ档
־͹־˵ڶء
ʶڣݵ棬һ㵭Ľɫڱ棬紩һս
ǽиɻĵڶص꣡
ʱ䣬ĪҲǵ壬ķĪûļһͬơ
ȻԶҲֻʣһԪӤԪӤ˼ΪԪӤҲ꣬ԶҲ
ͻƳϣβſͻƳڣݿ˼ڤ룬Ѿٳȥɱޣʱ򣬽һжҪ
ڣԪӤǿޱȣ뿪ɢͬԶ˺ܳʱ䣬ҲĪвµķֹɢĴڡ
Ҳ˵ڵԪӤµı֡
ԪӤͻƳϣѶȱԪӤڵǵǵϣ˵С˲٣ݻǷǳŵġ
۵˼£ʵı仯ͺѹһˮ
ڵͻƣؼһ֣ԪӤԵֿеסԪӤ֮粻ɢ
ڣҪ㹻Էһо۷ټҵһĵҪͻƣʵף뵽
ĵ԰ԪӤϵļʣҿûȫͷԼҲ˼ţһͻƵĳɹ˼֡
ôͿʼͻưɣĪУҿŵ㡣Ȼڶؽ磬ǲĵĵ
û⣬ݳСӣбڣĵȥɡĪһĵģһ
ǰݿ϶ᱩŭڵѾϰĪеҲûʲôνˣָֻĳˡ
ˢ
ݷɿ첼۷
һöĵʱһɵҩζ
ûеĬңľڵʼľ·߿ʼС
ڣԪӤȻ΢յһһţԪӤ£ཱུĽɫСַɿĿʼӡԪӤһƾղڵ·ܵͬӣھڷĳԪӤӿȥ
ʱָһĵڼڸС
ҩ̺ҩڻһ˲䣬Ѿӿ˳Ӵۺȴ쳣º͡
ۺº͵ҩһЧҩɿӿԪӤУʱЩøӾ
ԪӤӴע½ⱩǣǣԪӤûб󣬷ԻٶС·ѹһ㡣
ҿ㹻࣬ԪӤѹһ㣬Ĳ£ٴλָƽѹٻָѭ
ڵʼ׽⣬ʱ򣬾۷þֳݿҪյھͬһ޵׶ʼ


178 
Щѩ̿ʱžӿԪӤС
ʱ仺ȥԪӤԽԽݷ·ѾˣԶǵ⣡
ݻȻǵʱ䣬Уʵɿǿĸоѡ
ڣݵԪӤڱͣ·ѵԪӤ۷ٽ㣬һҧʱؼʱ̡
ɷڴһ٣
һеԪӤһ͹࣬ʱԪӤһ˲ͬҪͱ򣬹ĵùԲԪӤСϣ¶˼ʹ顣
ͬʱݵеһǿҵÿһ缡ÿһϸ
һɾҵʹÿһ缸ӣ
Щ£ʹݵĳܷΧ֮ڡ

ﰵһסҵʹһǵùԲԪӤȻѹ
ǿѹʹǰһڣƿʿѶȹĹؿҪڣ㹻
ݣǡþ߱һ㣬СŹֲĥʹȻǰֲʹҪǿҲѲǸ¶ꡣ
һҧӲ˹ȥ

ڣڵԪӤȻǳҫ۵Ľââ£ȫȥ
ϸݵԪӤʱӾйһݵԪӤȻۣʼ뿪
ͺñԪӤļңԪӤ뿪СԵһ˿η壬׳׳ٴοԪӤڡ
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ڣɹˣ
ݴʱ鼤ޱȣﵽڣһأǰһ
ոսϵݣ·СԣཱུԪӤɽﻶ裬ԱߵС죬ݸղͻƵһ˲䡣
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Ž޵ư˶ɽΣգֻҪʱСһ·ǣֱӵŽޣҲǴ˵пգΪ˵Ĵǿߣ
һˣԪӤ壬صڡ

ۣжһ˿ɡ
վչһ½ǣʱȫž糴Ӱ
΢΢ۣں֮һ󼤶
СӣֻǳڳڣʶԪСȴǶɽڣԶԶĶ֡Īжݵӡ󣬻Ǹոսڵĵӡ
ݽԸԴ
֪ģĪСɫƽֻȴһĨǿҵɱ
ʱ˭Ըоݵʣ˾Ȼı仯ѾǰǸºţʱЦݵꡣ
ʱķâڵƺ޹˼ɵ͸һɱ𣬷â¶
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ĪУѾͻƳڣȵСͻɺҾ͸óȥһˡɫƽϷâ¶ƣ·ڵ꣡
㲻ʶԪĶ֡Īе˵
סݷ·һˣ侲ĳ棺ֻҲκβ˴ʱң
ţȥɣ
һʱСɹڣʵǳ󣬾ͺñʮĺֳͯһ꣬ĺôǸӸһЩҲһЩ
ǳʮ˶ʮ꣬Ӻ۷壬Ҳǳ꣬ľŽޣ
Сһϣݻһɺ磬գʧççɽУ˿
ɽǣʵΣݸдΪɽǴģԲõĻ䡣
ԭҪֱȥһɸڵݣ̬Ѿ˾Ȼı仯Ǵǰ»ǶǰΪеνڣڴ֮ǰбҪйһµܵ׷ɱڳܵĿŵĽˡ
ݹķɽǵϿգִҡڵĽȻҪѲֺαعŸ˭ӡ
ŵľٶʱ˴ʿвϳݣǸǿĹھɽˣҲ̫˰ɣ
вʿڿݺ
ǶǶĵӡ
ʦ֣ǸŵʿⲻǶ׳ԷҪ׷ɱô
ûдû뵽Ȼôŵǵĵֱ̣ǲǶ
ôʦ֣ҪҪȥ泤ϣ
ϻȻҪٶҪ죬Ҳͣ


179 ս
¶һ˿Ц˵ķӦȫ۵ס
һ̤ӰֱӼ˸ڷɽǽֵϣֵò
ƲƣӲ˲óһ·
ӾۼԼϵĿֱ꣬ӳһҿջ˽ȥ
ȵݽ˿ջֵ⣬۷׷ס
ŵݣΪ˵͵ڿ񰡡
ţûҵǾâ¶
ǰûгԵ͵ѽ˼ҵ˹ھΪѽټֿ
УǳԲ˵ᣬбҲһԡ
Ҳν̸ȴǷ֣вǶĵӣԼλá
һ䣬ɣš
뵽⣬ݽС˼̾ƲˣȻԵõƷš

ʲôǸ쵰ҳɽǣǶ죬׵ӵı棬ʱˢվһһ̵ġ
ʱ꣬Ǹ֮ʹȻ¡
һӿı컹Ҫ׵Ǻ֮ǣ
ݾȻɽǣǶĵ̣׵ʱеԼ
ǵĳϣҵӸоݵΪǿ˲٣͸¶ƣǳֲ
ǵӳϻ̳ϿֵĻش
ǿ׵һǿʼϣѵǿ׳һϣԺ𣿣
׵ʱһţ׵ǳıƢҪӵľƢǿʤǵӶʱΨΨŵŵ
ټеӣҪǸץúúˣ׵Ըȥ·
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ǵӦЦڶ϶ţ׵ϴ󣬲ģ˭ġ
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ףôһ˵Ҳˣ㿴׵ȷǳݵǸջȥģ
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׵ȴݵֱӳ嵽ջɽǶĵ̣ǵͷߣ˭Ҫ֡
׵þò㻹һıƢݺûиܵ׵Ҫ˫٩˵
Сһ٣ٶǶ죬ϷǲһɫǶδ棿
׵ŭôˣ˵Ƕռһ֡
˭˵ֻǻ˵ˣǶĸˡЦˢվаš
ݴʱâ¶ͬһӲ񽣣ֱ׵϶㲻Ҫץ𣬿ɸȥһս
ɸȥһս
ݵļӳ´ɽǣʱɽǵʿһȻ
ʲôǸݣȻս׵Ҫ֪׵һΪﵽ۷壬磬ҲһǿߵĴڣ
㡭׵絶ӣϾȻѹȥ֣һǿʤо˳裬ö쳤ϣ۷ǿߣȻһڵСս
׵δ棿
С׵ֱУһս׵벻ӣᱻЦ׵ӣ˵÷۷ǿߣȻ³ں󱲣Ӧս
ǾǽˣӮˣҲһ󱲵Ц
ﻢ£Ǿ·һҧСԼ͹ֲϷ²飬˵ǶȣϷ˽ڹҪúýѵһ١
ԲѡݴЦﾡǲм
ϻ˵ʲôʱսЦһ̶ɵԲۣŭݡ
ڣ϶е͸
˵գֱ˦öʯʣһɳջȥֻЦصɽǡ
ߣ׵ݵıӰҧгݸȥ޺û뵽СռȻҸս
׵Ƣ꣬ʵȴǸǵģҲܻħĳɿգ
кϷˣݶս׵
һҪһ۸ݺǣˣ
ԣˣҲˣ
ɽǵʿȫ֪ݶ׵սһʱ䣬ʿӵɽǣҪһ׵Ķս


180 ս⣡
ٶȷɿ죬ƬѾ˳⣬һƬɭ֮ϡ
ţ½â£罣ֱ
ݵɢս⣬ڵսȼգŷ׵
׵żʮӣонڣͣʱһͣʮɿ⡣
˵󣬺ƺƵǧʿ˷ܵ׷ͣڼ⣬ҪһϷȷս쳤ϵĺϷǲսߣȻǳڵܹھ
սڣսͨ죬˿壬ʮš
ʿĺ涼˳Ȼ˲Ӯȴһ浹ȫƫݡ
һݱͳƣ䵨ǣǶûѹ˵Ĺƽʱŭԣһսͺñڰǳһڶ
ݼͣݼͣ
䣡
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Ȼỹʵ˵ɡЦ˴սҪô
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ˢˢˢ
׵һ˲Ͱѷã˷ڵľ磬ʩչٶѾƽ˲䣡
ƣ
ȡ
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ݸտʼҲһһǿҵĵһ˲еЩľ
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󺰣׶ʱȥʱݵɫ˲伲һ𣬾ȻһɫâȻ˹
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ݽﵽڶغ깥âͻ룬ԪӤͷ˿ںϽ깥С
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깥ٴһ̨ף

ҵİȻеԼ걻һ񽣴У׵ѳ룡
ʿ꣬κζҪкʹ
ȻסԴʹҡҡ׹
ҿ׵Ϊڷڣǿޱȣûֱӱܴ꣬ᡣ
׵⵽ʱʧȥƣббȥ
һ죬ɭ棬㷽Բһľ޿ӣԲһڣݾ٣ֻʣ±ýڵء
ʱ׻˻Դǹľʹɢ٣ʱѺܶ࣬ɴʱﾡǺȻ깥֮ô깥֮
깥֮Ż⣬ʵʼһɸΨһһ깥֮ĴɣʮУûһ֮ģ
ͿԿ֮ϡ٣УҲǲͨС
ǰݣԪӤ֮ǰʾ˵ķͲǾпֲ츳ڣȻ֮Ҳ
ȫţ
׵ޱȵ𾪡
ƥ㲻˵Ҫұô
ʱѾʳЦȣڿлһƮݵķȣͬһ磬ٱƽ׵
ݽڿԺͳ۷ƽ֣ǳڣõ˾޴սڣֵ
齣衪٣
Ѿ¶Ҫúýѵһ׵ˣԼ׷ɱǲѣﻹһ˿ƽ⣡
Ͽգǧɵ񽣱Ʋ⣬ĽǧʿǸеһ󷢺
٣ߵϣµƣս٣
齣ءĶѾŽ֮壬֮ϣǱе޵лߣ
⼸صĻֺ񽣾âΪߵϣƣݷ޷ӣ


181 ȺŹ
ÿֲ
׵ȻʱǱֻ֮䣬æһŭ
޴ɫâƣսٵ񽣺һ
䣡
޴ĺضײȻĲֱ˰ɣ׵ֱӱǿһȥ
ͬ׹ʯֱ·ĵ棬ҳһ޴ӣ
һǧ⣬ǧʿ뷢һƬ
غϣΪ쳤ϵ׵Ȼֱӱһ˵£У׳Ϊǿߣȥģǳʿ
ʵ̫ˣ
ʦݵս츳ȻҲǿ̫˼ˣ
׳ϾȻֱӱȥ˭ܸǲΣ
̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
ȻʿΪźǵİ׵ȥʱ˶ˡ
û˶ݿãһǧǰһȴǽʮС˭ȥһСȻʤǿ
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˶ݹĿ࿴â¶ʿԲСʵ
սԶԶûн
ˢ
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183 Ϊ᣿
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׵Ҳ֪ѹȫԼߣټϴʱѾ޿κΣŽ̨ϼ˵ݣǰ³ç˵ףǸТͽǵ£ǿɲ԰һᣬԹһʹΣ
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184 ҵǸ

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ʶԪԭһȥһɸ㾹Ȼȥϳǣңڸպû񫣬ǾٷһѰɣ


185 ƨ
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ʵֲ̫̫ˣУԲУܵȥˣ


186 ǵĹŹ
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͹٣٣ǸϿ߰ɣﲻһõطС̾һѹ͵ݶ˵
Ϊʲôһ㶣СȴЩ㱣·⣬ûлش
ֵܣֿ˵˰ɡԭΪԼʯСӦûʮĶ
û뵽Сȴûпľа˵ʲôʱ˶֪Ҫʯʲôá


187 ħ
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188 ռϷ
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ĳɿյģݾǻɻҲʶֻʱĳɿգȫ͸¶ɷӵŨأΪҲӷһֱӴﵽ㣬ֻһǷΪ
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189 
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ڱϣĪааһЦǿ˲ĳɿտӴܵԪӤ
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ݵĸߺʿһȣźһǿһ


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190 鶴
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һۣźһ㶣ϳһĨݣȻҲ顯Ҳˡ
ʵǺȥ鶴һ̽ģͳš顯ţݾͶǿҵĺ档
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191 
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ӹӭɽ
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192 
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ݣлл㣡ݣʮϵ˵
Ҳݣ֪ԭǶʱ䷢ô飬ôࡣ
׼ĳɿͬھʱϹٷתǾ仰ɵãǱ˪ϣ˲ײĸֳ使޵ķϼ


193 ɵΣ
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194 Ǳ
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Īл˵ѾԺ߻ɱϢµĪѾ˵ƽ֮Īȴû˵
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ǰĻʱˣԭ޵Ŀռһ䣬·תƣҹľСͤһݵǰ
ǣϣ黹ǷˣȻСͤһӰʣλãպײһˣ


195 Ҷѡ
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196 
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197 Ƿ
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СȫΪȫ磬ѾԲһ˿ߣ
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198 ײϸ
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СˣΪھ¸ң˼ҧһڣڣȻѼʦɸǺ⣬ѵ𣿣
ݲƵһѺǺ˵
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ʥΣҺƵװɵһᣬʱҲûޣ
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˵ңе£еĹȫܣ͵Ĺڵϣɽϣϣʱ񱩵졣
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˳Ц֪ϼɸӵ룬һֳһ貵ǧɽ
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ƵһɳϼĺǵΪĸܵһǿ֮ǷΪֵûУȺǿҲϳңοԵֵˣ

ͬ޷ɢӻŲ·ɢʱмճһӣȻв㲻ĵӱӡУø屻ٵ³ֻһӲӵԪӤ־·
ȥƲĺӡֱӺڵϼɸ·ҳ޴ӣ
ݺ͵ɷڵϼɸ˵ֱѣЩȥĳ嶯
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ݿɲţϼɸΪʮɸ֮һֻһ
ɽģˮĻǣԺ棬ƵӦó嶯
ͷӣﲻ棬ǻ뿪ɣ
Цڵ̤ǱӡҳĿհ״̤ȥ
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һݣһâһͺ˹ȥԼѾ㿪ǵȴ˿壬ۻ𶦲ʾһǰײ˹ȥ
ǣʱ򣬺Ƶ׼ʱҪŵɶԸ˵ʱ򣬳
ƣӱһУ˫Ȼһ⻯һɫâȻĺƵȥ
ƵϲһҩҪȥǵݵĺʱѾеתͷҪ
ڴʱʶȻһҵʹÿĴڣʹϵʹҪʹǧٱ
ƵͻȻϮʹˣʱһʹߣ˫ֲԽԼԴڿưҡΡ
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ͷҲϲմǶԹǺƵ̫Ұļҿ϶ҪԿףһĬ󻺻˵
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201 
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203 
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ЩɢȻûбϼɸ۸ȴܵѹϼɸоʱĶԴɴ
һ߹һЩɢҪ뵤˶飡
ȴλ˳̾ģ̶ԵϼɸǿƳ


204 Դͷ
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˼˵ʿҪһ;ͣʿǵڶͣʿѾݽߣͣôʿȫޣսѾˣ
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206 
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210 ֮
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211 ּ
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ݣʶԪ˫ۣðʵʰɱȴӲǲҳ֣ǶҲһüëͬû˵
žһᡣ

֮Ȼƿһڣһ۷򸾴˳
ͫһϳˣϴ͵ϮһɸǶ죬ϴκܼҲˣʱֻǾΪû뵽νʥ
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212 
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213 ˽紫˵
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СѣСѣ
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㲻عǫڵʵԿǿߣҹע㣬ڽʱΪ𵤾Ų㣬ڲŹȥ꣬Ѿǳǿߣ˵ĽٶǼΪֲģ
ң̰ģϣڿԱ磬ϣԺɳΪǿߺҲΪһ
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ȥʦһ۰ɣסҪνбסʥΪˣݵļһԸ


214 ǰϦ
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תƣһݻȻ֣ԼѾƾճϳǵİ֮ϣͬϴЩǿƾճֵλһ㡣
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ˢ
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ʥŵʵǿģʥ˼𣬶ˣҲǶɽ۷壬ʥȻǳȻɣͽΪϸʼΪڣǾսȥġ
ʥͽһΪϸҪǾһźȻģԸڵΣ
ʥǿϡ٣
ʮɸǶɽǿߣټȻһЩɽǿߣԹǶɽǿߣжʮ
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Щǿ߾ۼһ𣬿νǾ춯أ߳һˣһŶ
ʱѾǽ˶ԹʱˣȻǿߣ󲿷ֶԼĳˣǹؼʱ̣Զԣִᷢ
ݺϹٷġӺͰҲմĹ⣬һģ͸󶥼һ
ϹٷڵʵǷڣӲ۷壬ȻԪ½Ƕǿߣǵ˲磬ֻеʿǸһ㣬ԪӤڣȻʲʱֲֻֻ̫̣ڻҵĴڣ˹ϵУԿԴ֮ϣʥȾǿȫĵط
ȥˡ
ջûȫֻۣһӶʷ϶
ʱϥĿڸӦ״ʥȻۣɫ΢΢һ䣡


215 ӡơħ޳
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ħƿѷ֮ǰе
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ʥʶԪ˵ʶԪɽٳħޣûаգ
УʶԪһݣ˵ͷһɸɽڵΪ⣬һϣͬǶɽڣ˵ǻƣ
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Ǵ⼸ӽʮӣͻһʱ䣬Ϲٷĵˣ͵ɣҲһ̤봫ڡ

ռ䷺߲ܵİǸûȥһ룬ѾϷһƬɽ
ݰզ࣬ѹʥȫټԭ׼
һԱⱻƣ׼ȷİűħ֡
֪֪ˣܰźսٽѵǶ˸ԵӦ֮ơ

¸ɴϣ˵ԶΪЩ嶯λãҴҵѡһλʮʿƺƵǸȥ
͵ȻȥȨʲôǺݵ鶴ĵӣ˹ȥ
һǸ·һúƵʶɨţӦħĲ
ʥˣ͸ռӦħϢǶɽڣħûгױ¶ʱǺѲġ
ʥ˵ځǸǾûдǁǸһǺܲȷ巽λġ
ݣɽĪеĻĴ˳
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ͷӣʦ棬֪ħ޿ռѷľ巽λûԥ˵


216 ɽ
ݵĻһһĶݡ
СǲڿЦͷҶɽ߲Ϊûиܵô֪ˣСһɣ鲻Խѿڶ
ѽݣڿǹؼʱ̣ɲܿЦҲصĿݡ
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쳣϶˵ĪеĻûлɹΪĪûȫȷ֮ǰǺٿ˵ġ
飬õɺĬ
ǻʿ˵ⷬǿ϶֮Աǣ˵⻰ˣȴݡ
Ϊˡ
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ݣڵӵܣΪʦ棬ʲôɲ㣿ĬƬ̣ݣϿɵĵ˵ͷ
СӣȻͷҲ֪ô֪ͷҲһ㣡ɺĻͷһů
ΪһָжΣ
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ϹٷĵҲͷǴʶݵڣѾݵΪˡ

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ÿԵȥݾ֪ڰԼǵ飬תѡ
ʲô˵ħ޻ɽ
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˵пɿϢѣɲԸңĿɿϢǴģ
ĻȻܳ壬ȴ˵ƿԣûд˵ʵʥ޷֪λЩ֮µʿô֪أ
ȻҲһɻ󣬿Ƕȴεģ
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ǰ˵ƶǲǣȻ𱣻ϷΣͲƾıƻսģȻ˵˿ѵ紫
ⷬõɺ˵ʲô
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ݣûа취˲šЩ̯̯֡
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Ļݸеһů˰ֵ˲޷ֻҪǻŽһ鶴ȻֻǶ죬ȴټеǰǻʲô
鶴汾
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ɽ͵˶һۣ뵽ǿݣ˵ͷȻ⣬ħ޳λã
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ʱϿտռѾԽԽȶԸܵǿռ·ڱܵʲôǿʱҪ˺һ㡣


217 ħƵ
ռ𵴵ľңʿǵҲռĶᵽɤ棬ΪǼҪԣǿֲǿħޣ
ħǿ֮ǴӼѾ˿ֲǿ޵СɱĴʣ
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Ÿ߿գռٿѿһ޴ĺڶֻڶû˿֮һᴩĴͨ

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˵գû˿ԥα˲ϸ߿գμӶȥǡǧɵĽâ
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220 ħ޵
ƾڵΪԶɽǿ߸ħȴ˿ɫһң˵£жʮۻҵ顣
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ܼһһħһµħһǧħȻȫǷΪлиһǿߣ
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ݷĹǶģХǾŸȻʵǾվصλãһֲͣɢľŸһƽǾŸۿɼĿһ⽣ӰĹַԲǧɣǧֻҪħޣǾܵ񱩵ķââƥͷľͺ˹ȥ
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ǬͼһַȴǸŸͬģľŸ˿ԲսһʩչǬ
˲Ͳ˳ХȾŸԪӤʵԭڲֻȻɵɱǿߣһǿӲ£ǷǿҲκβ˾Ÿ˾Ǭ
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ңϼɸԮҲôǱȻ·磬ȴ˵ùһ㡣
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ֻսɱټħ޿Ѿƣħﶼô˳Ȼ֮ˣ
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ħħ޿һɾĳ˵ΪѸ٣֪ΪʲôȺħ˻ؿռ֮ͨٺһ
Ƿ·𹷼ǽ㷢ݵɱҪס̣ͨ
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֮ܶ˵ϼɸɽս۱ȽϲҵһЩ⣬ľѾһƬãʿռħƵĲˣƺǱƻشͨڣѾһȻˣ
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˵ţɺͷ촽ѾĶߡ
ʱħӢħѾյ򣬸ûжʿ̸εֵǣħģͿԲֻˣ
ҹĴԶ˵ÿһ˼ʣǳȻ棬ȴڲ޵ɱ


228 ʵʵ
ħҪ˵ͨʱɳħӢǰɽս۴֧Ԯħ
ҹʼѸٵ´ͬʱԸսħǣӴ˲һеǰ£ǲúȻŵĻǲ
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սϣʿӣȻԶսһãʤؼȴĻֵĽ

սûͣϢ־õĴս㾭ҹ
ǲ绹Ǻ磬ʧǾ޴ġ
ʥ΢ǣеʧֵģ·ħ𤽺⣬ĺ·ħǿҪƵռͨУҪȫƻȥ
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ɽսڼÿһӶʻȥʿֻʣ򲻵⻹Ǿһսõ˽ѵ;飬ǸӶñԼԵʡ
ħ޵ʧҲԼˣһƾе״̬
Ҳ԰ĵĸɺɸľǣȫѹסħ

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սʿҪʿûˣսûһһǰʿԭСһҲ԰սֳ
˻һȻʿ￴ϣѽϴħԮʥǰԮ
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ʥǿˣǰǲ統۸ˣƣƺɲ統ͻƵӣҪ²磡
ҪҪ緢Ԯ󣿣۸˿ź죬ޱȣȴǡ
Уؼʱ̾ҪǲͶˣʥҡҡͷǲʵ߽кôǰéڻûеؼʱ̣ҾͲħ޿Է죡
ǡʱʥӦ·ħڡֵסȫһӿռͨٳˣع磡
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ʥ´Ϊϣһ˲Ͱƿͨ͸
Ϊεȡɢ޷ǰȥԮɽսʿԮΪ˽ʡеʱ
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Ҫǵ⼸ʱƻƻˣɽĲʿͱˣ
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ʱʿҪԵ©ͳˣҪԵǡ׻ȥѡ
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ҪظϣҪʵʵķУ̰ÿ죡
һ޴Ӳˣ˶شӲ˸ˣϾ˭뵽ǴսûнҪظϣ

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ٶȻطٶȸ·Ҫסħޣ
ʶԪԭ߸ϲϢʱ򣬶ʱɢˣæеӸߺ
ʧݣ˼ƻûгɹǲʧݣһӶ

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ͬʱңҿʥзӦҪȻǰȥƴܲƴùҲһ⣬ɽʥٺò


231 Ѫ
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Ҷʿħɵû˿ڲأ޽ӽ˵ĿֲʹϳϿյĿռ䣬·ʱҪֲ˺ѿһ㣡



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һһǧྫӢħҷܵ߸ﵽǧ֮ڣ
ͲΪֱǳ֮£Ϊϣ
ǿԵֿһĶɽھǿߣɽµʿ˭ûеֿһ˿
һ浹Ѫɱڷļţ
ոմ͹ġݵħ޾ӢǴʱȴ׹䵽˾ĵǸѪɫ˾ǵɱոһߵ
䣡
˫Ѫɫ󽣽â籩ʮħӢۿɼٶȿټ٣
һǳɰǧѣ֣֣
ҵȲҪսˣ
ҹĳӶˣںʱгģԭΪһжƿ֮УѪɫ˵ĺճĴħĸ߰ġ
ло֣˫һд䣡
ԭΪֱ¶Էأû뵽ԷаУԼϵãҪһ̤УǾٲ
ˣ׵İˣ
ҹ߰ܵصĴ
ǲߣƲĸһϸĽһҪһ侲ģ԰׿ԹߵĽǶս֣
ѾˣԼѾ˾أ
ɣѾܡ
ΨһҪľǣȫԼʵԺԱɽ
ҹԺʯѾ˳һߣ˵Ըˣ
ħˣ㳷ˣȥ磡
ҹÿһħĶʱκεҪ


233 ʦس
ˣ㳷ˣ
ħǸսжǱͺڶӴܣҪȥ磡
ħʿȫޣﻹʲôս
ʥˣ룡
ҪˣѾˣ
ʥʮŤתս֣ô׵ķȥҪߣҲҪǵȫԺɽѶ
ŲԵסʮƽ֮飡
пռ䴫ͨҪʹˮʥҲ˳ȥ
һʿ׷źںţʹˮʹˮ
ɽǿ֧ԮӺѾһߵս֣
ʥҪϾɱ޳ɲ
̷ԸȥʿΧħޣסռ䴫ͨһҵȺŹ
ռͨͲҪȥء
սϡ
ڸտʼħħֻ֪ܵɱ¾нӽһħ룬ȥ˿ռڶͨУҵõһ
ħȻûжȴܵǸͨҪɨаħ롣
ڵĺȻһ˿ж
˵һ̤âһӣڰҪȥǧħ޴ΰȵ˺ڶռ䴫ͨ⣬һŴ򹷵ģɱ¾ħ
Ѫȷ磬ɱ¾ûֹͣħۿɼٶ
ҹԭջüȵļŭǰѪɫ˺俪ħȥͳǧˣ
ҹ˺ˣ˲һۣħʧشٲȣ±ŭĺħ˺ƬԴħ
ҲûǰɷҹѸʥ򸾵Ĺû˿ͣ٣ɿĳħɱȥ
ħɵʵЩҪһЩ
ʥҪ׷ȴҲǾ࣬ȻսʱѹһҪܣҪ׷ȻѶȡ
ħҲ֪㣬ֶо˭Ҳκβ˭ӮܵˣûۺʵȴҪɱǿߣǷǳѵġ
䣡
ħʹǿĹħһ˫ֳħץȥ·Ҫץס׷ɵ

ħɽƵھŷѪɫĿȫӿ˫־޽УȻֶԲ̰㻯һ˹ȥ
ԼȻħо˲аĴڡ
ֻһ˿Ȼħɸ֪ηΪ
ȻܵǿаϢҪԼǿȻη壬Ȼǳȥ
˫Ϯںھƣ
ţҪʲôҹ񿴵ħɵ徢΢΢ɻ󣬿һ룬֪Ϊʲô
ħΪ˵ƽаϢǲƽκδ۵ģֻһ˼룬ǾǺȻ
ħеֺȻȥͣȻѿȻԱ
ϣû˿ԥ
ħһ˵ͷߣ
˵ĴԱҲҺӣ
¡¡
Աľ죬޴Ŀռѷ춸Ȼ֣ɵÿһħ
ħܵÿ죬Ҳȥʥˣֱӳɽɳ۶ȥ
Ȼɴħǡ
ʵѾûʲôˣʮħԱټϸղŵһѪɱʣģһˣҿܵһħ⹶͵ħû˿ԥƨͨͨȥ硣
ʥȴûʱǣħܻ֮¶ɽʿ֣æ׷ȥ
ɽħ޼ɱʣ޼˾ǿ⣬ģûгŹȥ
ʿҪϾɱʱʥЩе˹ҿɢУȥ
˰˼⣬ôһõʥȴҪԼ˷˸ղŵľ˾ûп棬׷ÿ
Ȼϣ
źƵħӰһգѾ̤
ҹҪҪɱ¾ǣйͷ֮ߣЩǽʵ̫ˣ
ǺôħȻħǳΪΪܣȥЩǵݣ䣬´Ӯ
ҹɫÿȴ˺Ľ顣
ˣħаеİһˣԵȥСʾ
ȥ
ҹޱȣЩħħһϹϾħռͨУ
ʧڲ磡
ǰŸߣʥž͵ˡ
μʥ
еʿϹϾľһ
Ҷȥ򼯺ϣ
ʥҲħ֣Ըʿʦس


234 ǶǴ
вʿϲֱʹ飬ʥĲص
ϲǳɹĵסħ޵֣ʹǣһۣʿ룬׳ʿǵֿѣ
ʱûЦó
ݵˣʥֱӽȥϳǡ
ϳ֮󣬶쳣ˣ
ԭĻǴѾϢϳڣʱһƬţͬճǣӦ˵ǿճǡ
һˣУûһߵֻеû˿ѪҺĲ֫Ϻ·ڸʲôġ
е˿⸱Ķݺݵһ£ŵĻ棬³һЩ
ӹɵǣϳǼʮƽգȫˡ
еʿţݵȭͷɽΣͻȻɫЩ
ʥ֪Ϊʲô
ݶʥЩɭ䣬Ѳ²⼸ʮǸѪɫ˵ĳĪϵ
ʱʥϣֱݡ
ֻҪ֪ΪʲôʮͨձڴڣǵرУΪʲôͻȻȫ
ȻսôˣǣǽȻͬģʵĲͬ
ҪɹҪۣΰģⳡսĹֵʥҲһЩ
ûʮѪħɣҲѪɫˣôǲʮħ϶ֲ磬ʱεֵƾ𣬻ƾң
޹ģ
Ȼݲ˵Լʲô֮ȴһѪˣԼսսҲԸ⼸ʮԼǰ
ȻǲˣЩûϵ
ֻƽǲʲôʲô棬ʲôħޣֻ֪˱ǻƽµġ
ǣεˣȴ˲ôĶ֪
ΪЩƽе裬ǾͬϣһֱͱƿţԼ˶ղˡ
ѡضûС
ɷϣѾƽĸţЩƽһֱ춷ضᡢΪƿԼˣԼ
ЩƽݺݵİǿƼȴĲһϣ
ݲŻ˵ļ
ΪԸ𣿣
ʥȻҲ䲻ܣԼʥ϶ҪǵΪʤĴۣҺαؿôలţΪʲôҪȥƴΪʲôҪôʿ壬ѵ߳Ȼֱǵһһ𣬿ΪʲôûУ
ǱƵ˾·ѵ֪״ʮħճټǷͬȼˣǸʱûһ˿ķ飬ȵǻطϳǵİգҪȵħƿɱ𣿣
ʥһѹĵȫйһλߣһģԹϸɴжϣͬġ
еʱ򣬱˧ɴϣԥΪսһݼţ
ƫƫûɱ¾ϵģڵزжϣҿԲȣ
ˡʥһ̾ɫһٴλָϣǷǶԴ˵ԼȥۣսѾǸԻȥϵ׼׻ħޣٴηӡ磡
˵գʥһ̤ʧ˵ֻĬ촽䶯һվû˵ڡ
սûжԴֻǲģˣ
ݣǻȥɣ
һ̾˿ʼɽȥҲĬĬĸȥ
ħֵʤһӦһ翪ʼսʤټϺڲ粼µı࣬ࡣ
£ħȫˣػԲߣȻϷӡٴΰס
ֻⲢһݵķλػҲ޿κΡ
Ϊħʵǿѹġ
ħ񣬱˵һʿʵħ۶ɵģγǻۣħƴħ
ħǣ󣬺ħʵǶôۺҲħ̣ûʿ̤ħ޸ϾɱΪʥЩˣֻҪ磬Ҳֻбķݣ
ħֻǺħ壬뿪벽
һֶŵľ棬ħɱӡҲᱻħħʴռͨʮս


235 ʥٻ
һսʷħֽһս߽ҲΪȫ˾޴Ĵۡ
磬ָƽսǰ˺͵ϼɸսҲΡ
Ϊħһսϼɸڰ׶ħټеӲսʧ޴󣬲ûбƵĺƵٴʹûа
˴սۣϼɸʧأ˵ȻԸᣬϢ֮£Ͱʦ˵Ȩ˹ѵϼɸԱȫżȥ
ʧصĵϼɸԿֻȻ˳ûǧ꣬Իָǰ۷ʵ̸ȥռʲô硣
Ǹɴ೹׻ʦˣʣΪδΪ׵Ĵɳϸǣǣƻ
ȻǽԴϲϾû˿ϳԿ

鶴죬ݰХȾҲһХ˿ԶͰʱȻǼѣ֪ǵʦүʱӵϲ
ʣŸҲס鶴졣
Դӻ󣬾Ͷڶڱչʮ죬ԲȲֻϥ˼š
ʮݱչسϻָǵġȴõЦݡ
Х˽̸ҲƽԶ˺Ѻõദ
ЩӣǰδеرǾĶǵĴսԻƽȴɹҲӵϧ

ݴʱѾ
ʱһϤϵԼĵ
Сѣǲ⣬ԸϳһۣСѰѾƻ̸һ
ʥݵĵףüͷ΢壬ʥʱΪ£
ǰãԼŲʿ涥ײʥϣѵǱ
ͷոԼͷ񶨵ܵģʥСؽˣô޳ˡ
ҾʮıչأҲһЩڣʱҲ嶯飬ǷԼϣԼҲδʥôá
Ϊػߣȷˣ
ݵʱֻʲǿģĿЩƽν׽ŪѡȨûоΪƽеߡ
ʵѾȥƾԼ˷ŭʣҲȲʮҪǣ֪ܶ£ȻԼı˲ٿأͱʹԼǿ
õκεܲٿԼ
ݵƮ˼š
˼úվ뵽ȻʥٻôҲܲˣôȥһɡ
룬ݶԶ˴һк뿪鶴졣
ȻݸտʼĵģʥһԼҲЦʥҪݣ͵͵ģݣɱݲһ֮䡣
ֻǷԸһȥ
ʱ
ϳǣϳǵһįѾ԰ѹĵס
ƽһ˼ݿ첽ǼҴջȻ֮ͨϡ
ʥѾȺ
μʥ
һ񣬳һʥϴ̫嶯£
ΪԾǶԣǴԼȷ嶯ʥôһػԼԴǣʥɨء
ˣͰ·ϵʿˡ
޷ҲΪңģǹ飬ԣˣЦص
ʥЦŰ˰֣ǽȥ˵ɡ
һ˫ɢΡ
˻߽ڡ
ݣ֪ǣΪ𣿡ʥʵ
֪ҡҡͷ·Ҳ²ûеóʲô
Ǻǣ֪Ͷˡʥķϻһָĳ嶯ʥȻºͣûϡ
ʵҪһЩ¡
ʥֱĽӦ֪ɽٺǿǶȹǾ٣ʹﵽ˵еĴڣ磬˺գɽ磬𻯳ɰɡ
֪ݵͷ֪ʥʲôӡ
Ƿ򸾳Ϊڶ꣬ȴһֱûзǼ縺Ųػ񣡡
ʥ˵ʵǿԵĻǷԸһֱػȥεǣǿߣͣ꣬ǳڣͻǿбɽĪǿз
죬Ҫ˵ʥȴ˵ڣǲɻΪʲô˵֪ҲǲˣǺǣʵǱʦҵġ
ݣ
ʥԼɻڨڨһЦʵֻ֪ͣµģɻΪʲôʥûзȴ֪ǧ飬˵ڣûôǿİɡ
û뵽ʥԼûзʵʱͽ͵ݵЩ˼
ݵģʥһЦ˵źǣǷҲ쵽ˣֻʮʱ䣬ʮǾҪǿзҪֿҲֿס
򸾷ĲµǣʥУûһʮڳΪڵϣ
ʥĻüëһ뵽ʮʥ򸾷ȴûĺػô֪ĵλ϶һǧɡ
˼ţʥĻ˹ңϣ


236 
ʥĻΪ֮һ㶡
ݷӦϳһ˿ЦʥˣͱҿЦˣΪСʲôϣ
ʥĻʵ˵ϣʮﵽڡ
ֻݱ˶š
ʮ꣬ӳڳڵڣÿһǵʿһǧ겻ôݾҲô̵ʱͻƣ
Ҫǣɽڵľ׽٣
ɽʿҪɹ٣ſԳɹڣ𻯳ɣ
ٷֱΪɽڳڵһΣڵһΣڵһΪؼ֮Ϊž٣
ʿܡ߾뢶ڴ»ҷɢ
λɽںǿߣһɹ٣ǲˣܹɹٵģһǾţĴڣ
㲻ҪԷƱ
ʥݵĻȴҡҡͷ
˵ĸҲǱģٶȺս츳˵֮ͬ˭Ҳܼ㣬ֻʮ겻Ŀ࿴ԭ򣬸Ǿȴǿ
ұ֤ԿԶɹ٣Ϊˣֻʮ֮ڣȷѶȣʥ˵һתǣҲ£ǲôʱڴﵽڵģǱĻ
ʥĻݵθڡ
ʥãһ̾ʮ꣬ǲܡ
仰ո£ݲһûһĵȥ⻰ǧתתôһ䣬ǻع鵽ԭ㡣
ܾͲܣʲôθʲôӡ
ݲûаԶԡ
¶Ҫƴһѣûϣʮڴﵽڣǿǲǰһ׵ģңķޱȣǱҲҪԣ羳ս˵ͬҳ㷹ֻҪԳΪɽڣҲǲһܣ
ʥ˵
⻰ֱӰݸĪ֪ʥڸʲô
ɾɻʱʥȴͻȻ̧ͷֱݣɫ࣬ǳϾĿݣݣӦһ£һﵽ۷ʵܹﱾػ磬ʥŵĵǣڰӦÿͻһڣ
ź󣬾÷˼ԼڣΪʲôʥһ٣ٶ˵Լﵽ۷أȻԼģҲûôɣ
ãݵͷҾΪ
仰ͷˡ
ʥɫ÷ɿ죬ɫ˲չЦѡԭǿԣҪȻҲܵڶײ˵ˣ
ݣ
ԽԽͿˣʥĻ˲ԣɴҲȥ룬ʥôôΣʵҪΪ۷ڻš
ݣţ
ʥٴ
һϴļƣȴʥĻ
ڣ
ʥ˳

ԣüɲ֪ʲô
ƺ֪ݵɻʥΪݽ˵ǺȻŵһʦٵһĿռ䣬ֻʥ֪ÿǧֻܹɽȥˣǵȥҪǣÿֻܽһΣ
ãǿʵɿ٣ҪԼ򣬶ԺȥٳʱȻͻˣ
ʥ򵥵˵á
ʥϣݵȻӿ޿ɸӵ֮ɫʲôԷɿΪ
ϾȻȵط
ݲΪʥŵͨе𾪣ǴʥţȻȱء
ʥĻݲһû𾪵
ƣٿһΪҲǴﵽڣ㹻ǿʵĸ࣬Ҳǲһģ֮һжҪԼ
һ磿
ݸоҪѣˣôܣ򵥵Ľȥһ⣬ͿԿһ磬Ҫ֪ǰƽٶȣҪӳڴﵽڣ¹ƲҪʮҲҪ߰ꡣ
ǣʲôȴٵô𾪣
ңȥȥ
ʥݵı飬ôջʥݲݡ
ʥĻݷƽ١
ʥΪʲôôã֮ϣõʵػ磬һףҲһĲ
ʥ˺ܴĶעڶݣݿһɳ죬ңҪݻ᲻壡
֮ݵ׻᲻˵Ͳ֪ˣڶģݵƷܲسŵ


237 ݱ
ҲɵӣڽʥİԺ϶ҪѴۻȥģϲڱûѵͣилررֻʥǰԤ֧൱ڻٸ
ʥֻܱ֤Ϊң˵ǿ϶ػ̫ʱ䣡
ݳһ˵
ȻݲΪԼڲػ꣬ǲܵģһԤУҪȥɽһ⣬Ϊʲô˭֪ء
û⣬Щʥŵôûãڰڻûͻƣֻػʮ꣬Ժƾȥ
ʥ˵ͷ
˵Ǻջģ׬ݵҲͷȷǺãһΪ
һΪ
ʥҲһӣǳĴȻƿϣֵһâ
˷ҲЩ룬ڣȫŸִţ֮ǣ൱һͻأȥȥġ
֮Ϊصһռ䣬Ҫ֮ǲſԽ룬ʵ֮Ǿ൱ʥ棬ʥžҪ֮ǵĴſԽȥʥŴģͲ˵ˡ
ʥ͵
ݵͷҲʡ

ʯڴС棬ʱ߲ʹ𣬴Ͽտռ䷺
ݶ˵Ȼ̤˽ȥ
תƣһرú
ݽ̤ʵصվһռ䣬ɣû⣬ûкڰֻ޾
ûиɽûˮֻһ޼ʵƽԭԵúƵ
磬ֻһ·ûж˵ľֱӲ֮Уռ֮ϣȫ

ڵͫ΢΢һû˿ԥһΣ¼ӰѾǰ档
ƺԶڴţǴģ
۾ʶֻ޾רעȥȻһУһ·Ҫκζɽȥ
ݸܵæֹͣעӡ
վڣҲȲҪȥʶʶųƿѸʿΪ֮ء
Ȼ˴˵أͶȻûлͷ·Ҳԥ̧ͷͦش󲽾˽ȥ
ݸоԼͺһУԼͬһƬеǣԽԽ
ء
صݹϵıǣȥ˵ϡ
սط̸оԼΪȫסһ˿ӦԼڵ
µѸæ۲δ֪ĵط
Ӧڲ
ݻΧ뵽
ǽϣһ޴ּҼ
ĵһ㡣
һǳơ
ʱһʼ
ı仯Ĳ׽סע
޾УͻȻӲļһյλã״ǡϥΡ
գޣеĶȫżȥûκζ
ȫĿռڣԵĿ롣
οʼиǹżԼ磬ʱʼղյλãӯ
ϸĹۿţ˼ʱϵظյӯƬΡ
ʾʲôƵģҪͨʾݸһЩʲôϢƵġ
ĥ
ٿأԺһ
ڣ״̬ڣڵ塭
Ժʯֳǰڵľģ
ԭڸԼھİ壡
˲뵽Լȫ޵״ģݻȻˡ
û˿ԥϥʹԼ״̬Ȼһʱһ˿˿ȫëͬϪӿڡ
һʱʱ
ܿ죬ݵľڣȫɫϢ
¡¡
һ˲䣬ȻһζĿλõĵͻȻðһϹ⣬ƾʧڹ֮С
һ룬һطͬһƬɵֻǽϵּˡ
ݸܵ仯΢΢ۣѾڵڶʱ֪İ
⣬ΪŲ㣬ÿһӦһ硣
ͺñȵһӦڣڶڣᵤڡơ
ÿһʾ¥Ӧÿһİڣǽ߿ͨʾİôԶͽߵһ㣡


238 ɱ
뵽⣬ݲɰԵզࡣ
طޱȣȻʾЩ¸ӵ澳壬Щ˵أ϶԰Լʱ
һɶõ֮أ
ţݿʼŵڶʾڵİ壬ǳΪЩ;ʾȻһ۾Ϳͨ͸ֻһʾǰľ磬˸̵ᡣ
ݵľǱĬĽɱ䣬һ㣬ԼҲûз֡
ʱڻȥڶ㣬һʱ㣬ʱ
˼һʱ䣬ͨĲʾԪӤڵİԪӤӣ˽ĸΪͨ͸ľҲøʵǿ
㣬ڵľ磬һ㣬ǰδе
ڷɿʾţһһ飬ͨı仯ȴų̣磬һõŵĶǺѵıͽͳ
ͺñȿͺñȷ磬ǴڣҪָҪȥܣȴǲܵġ
һ˵ʦڸˣЩֻԼȥ򣬲ܶá
Ժܶǰڽ̵ʱ׼ȷڽ̵УѾݳ
ͬȻ磬ԼȻ磬Ҫ˵絽׾ʲôҪôȴԱˡ
ڣЩȻ԰һǳͳֻ޷Եľ壬ͨһɫϢı仯ͳ
ȻͨǺ޹ɵģûκεرҪ壬ҪһҪ
ǼʹˣҲ󣬿һʿǻƿģҲҪͻƾȴš
ȴԸУ൱ڰѾŵλøһʵģǻƿʿǣʡǻѾ޴ģšʱ䡣
ھͣһ£Ȼ˳ڵĴţΪʿǵݱȴ֣ǰвĵطȴڿݱ˲ȻָоϲͬʱҲͣһĹۿ壬ԴԼͨ͸
һ¡
ݵľԽԽʵͬһ¥ĵػԭ㹻ʵ˭ֻػʵأ
ʣػԽʵⶰ¥ͿԶԽߣݵĻͬػȴǿԽԽʵôԺҲͿߵøԶ
ݲ󼱣ΪӪΪ֪ѵõһλᣬʥ˵һˣֻһλĻᣬһΣһӶûֺˣ
ʱ򣬱붮ðջģҲزˣ
һ£ϰѳھаȫͨˣľȫδеʵ
ڣ촽ϸ㣬졢ˮİѳھһ飬ʱһϹʧڵ
㣬ھİʾ
ݰһ˿ССĵʼ۲ڵİʾ
һݸոڵʱ򣬾Ϳʼͬˮ㷭
һѸ۳ΣȴΪȶʹոۣͺƱΧǹҲɢò۵Ӱٵķֽ⣬ΧĵС
һۣ״޶ֻҪӺʵһ㣬Źɢʱ䳤һ㣬ȻɢȥԴ˷
ݸսʱէһݱ䣬ʱˣ˼⣺ʲôɢɢģѵҪһδλԽԽʵ
ԣȻġ
˲Լ뷨ôͼһڸԼһھĵ
ݵȻԺﻹһ߲ңľڵľһӡ֤Ĳŷھ֮
֪˶ãݻۣһ˿âһš
ڣ˼壬磬Ҫľ꣬һʵı仯ҪľǾ񣬶ռҪĵλĶ˵ҪԲԶ
꣬ǱļͶȣۺȣָһʵķԾ꣬꣬һ˵ľʶ
Ҫͻ꣬һҪ͡ǿ󡢾ͬӰֻ㹻ʵ㹻ۺſԵֵס
нҪģȴʶ;
ӰģԶԶҪʵۺſԵֿţҪҪģҪһǾǡĥ


239 ڵİ
۶ɢɢۣƼ򵥵ݱ䣬ʵȴ̺Ҫķڵİ壬Ԣ˵ʿҲͬһ㣬ɢ޳Ҫĵײײ꿲
ǣʿӦҪһй١
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ңҪôÿһʧÿһδŽﵽͬԡЧ
ڵİ壬ҪľҪּ̲ε־Զľġ
ݹߣ춷ҪԵĥѣֹǧ֡ʿҪʶ߱һЭľģҪĲսʤŰȴܹս
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Ҫڣͱʶ־ģ
ʱڲй÷ɿ졣
ݵꡢݵľڲϵɱ䣬ͬˣһδεɱ䣬һδεһıǿ󣬵սһˡһɳ죡
зһգǧꡣ
Ѿʱ䣬£ֻڶԵĸУ԰Ρ
鶴졣
ʦ棬ȥʥһˣǵȻѶ
İɫȹŮʱһݳݺǣʱҶһϹٷķ򸾣ԶХǾֵܣĶ˵
˵ݲܶôõģǲʲôԭзʲôʣȻڱǿĶ࣬ԶݴǴ͹С
˭ϣԼĵһɳ죬ʤ
ԶҲЩš
ֹʵˣеĹϵ壬ǰʥһѶ˭Ҳᵣġ
ǣȴȥ֮ǣʥĹʥһȴԣֻﵣǲѡ
ʥӦòôŶԡ
Ӳ֪ʲôһ̾Ƕ뵣ģȥʱ֪
˵գԸһеĴСˣ˵עǰϳǵ֮ǡ
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ɱ
ʥĻȻһȻǶɽںǿߣҪԵģȴǴ˵еĴڣҲǿʱ𻯳ɵˣ
ңֻǵδ飬ҵʵļʥ£ɴȥôһܣ춯عѵֻʥϣͻΪ֮뾪̣

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ݺ㲻ͬͬԴǵǾˣˣ
ʥЦΪ͵ĿݵȷûлȥҲû֮ǣ뵣ģݻȥʱԽ֤ջԽ࣬㲻ҪģҪΪеϲͽ
ʥĻɻѣȥʱԽݵջԽ࣬ҪԼΪ˺ϲ
ѵȥʲô츣رչأʲôඥ
ǻɻʥ򷢻ȥˡ
ҲİˣҲԻȥ˽ˣʥΪһǲ˵ѻģȻݵʲôǧƳ£Ѿ³ӦһĪĻԵ
ͬʱһƧ֮ء
ס֣
һϵʶԪȥҪҵǿޱȵʿһֱԸ˵ļƻûз
׳־ǲܱ򵥵Ϩ
û뵽ɨ˶ʱȻƧ֮ײ˿顣
ʮʿΧһɫȹŮʿ·Ҫɫ
ʶԪȻмоԼҲʲôˣټĵ̣ʮʿȴɸһĵӣһӲᡣ
ǵԽɨһۿŮʿ׼ȷ˵ŮʿֻмµСʱ˫Ȼˣͫӿһ˿ϲ
ԤϵģԭµȫͷųɽǿߵĿֲƣʮͼıʿ
ȺʿмǳΪľԪӤʿʮʿʶԪһȣûǶ˳ȥ
ʶԪ
ǿʶԪ󣬸ŵõˣæ²ΰݣμʶԪ


240 
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ʶԪһȻɫ÷ɿ죬˲ӿЦݣתͷǰŮʿ˵λû뵽Щ֪߳ܵĿͽƶΪĶʵڲѰ
ʶԪĻʮʿɫˢˢһ䡣
һɸʶԪôúô˵ˣ
׼ֿŮʿԣһϲʶԪۺʵʿľηͲ³˵ĲѰ˾ȻȣɿǰĻӦСŮӶлǰ֮Ŷԣ
ôף
ʶԪһЦ⿴ŮʿеСɡġ̾һ䣺СһˣѵɹǰǼնһɳ죡
ʶԪԼҺӵͣκһĸ׶Ϊеϲѡ
͵ĻǴһ˵ģң˼ҽʶԪ
ףʶԪ
ۣô۵Ůʿ˲³ʶԪݣԭȻһɸĸʶԪ
ôݣ
ŮʿЩ𾪡
ʶԪ˵Ļ𾪵޿ɸӡ
ƶǡû²û뵽Լ˴ĺӣ˵⺢ӺҶʱﻶϲǹﲻ⣬ƶҪΪŵӣ΢ʱƶһһ֮
ʲô
ֻŮʿˣʮåʿҲסˣ
ɸʶԪȻҪͽһһһģֻ֮ѧСƨ
Ϣ綼飬ǸСǸŮʿ˵ȴһϲºҫ
ʮʿͷƤ飬ѾԤϵںԣʶԪǸСǿˣԼ˸ղŵСĸףȻδü֣Ҳǵˡ
һԼǼӵĵʶԪ
һɸ˭Ҳ˲ǸӲܣˣֻø죡
ֻоսսĹţӲͷƤĵȴС
ڲðԭʮʿڻںУֻϣԱȫ
Ůʿͷã˼ŵ׸òôӦ
Էʮɸ֮һɸԺգԼĺӰִΪʦǰ϶ã˶飬Ѿˣڲ磬ҪȥҪ㹻ʵ
԰һ۷һΪʦǱ󲻵ģ
ҪҪӦ
Ůʿԥһҧ룬ˣǿ߿ƷֱҲԿ
СŮӾллˣ
Ůʿͷͬ⣬ʶԪϲѣͬһ˵ģãã
ʶԪ絶ʮսսʿȻֲƣƵֱӺʮʿ
ʮͬʱֻһ˲䣬е˵ĵȫݻ٣Ϊٺ󣬴Ӱ֮ϳ׹䡣
˸߶ȣʮʧȥΪˡ
ҿҲ޴ȥҺôҲʦ㲻һͬȥһɸҲչ
ʶԪ㣬ɫС
ǾͶлʶԪˡŮʿͷͬ⡣
ѾҵĵӣΪĸ׾ͲؿˡʶԪ˰֣ˣδ̹֣
ظѩͿˡŮ뿪ɽѩ
Ǻãѩǻȥһɸɡ

ڰ˲㡣
üͷԺͣĲݱ䡣
Уǲԡ
Ѿʱû˸ӵһ㵽ڵĵڰ˲㣬վǱסˡ
񡢺İͨ͸ˣΨжɽڣֻǸһ˿ƤëҲԾˣѾľϵƿ
ѵҪΪֹ
Щģȴ޿κΣȷֹĽǲŽ£ǲܵġ
ľϵͻƣѵͻƣݿΪ򵽺ڵ壬ѾǷǳ˲ġ
ľҪµĳʱĻۣľȻɱġ
ݴСܵ˶౶ĿҲܴﵽľҲ޷͸ںڵ뾫ȴˡ
Ȼ֪ˣԲı仯ɽڵİ
ԸΥǣûжá
ڲݶʱܵҵ𶯣û׷ʲô飬һϹѾϣֱӰͳȥ
ģֻһĻʱѵͨصڰ˲ʧܡ
¡¡
תƣݷӦѾ棬Ǹޱ޼ʵĿռ䡣


241 ɱ
ʲôô͹ʱ䣬ʱ䵽ǶãôҲ֪ͨһ
ݷӦֵģȻ䲻ģȥ󣬾ζҲܽȥˡ
ĪĻԵҲŽˣ·˭ϣҲġ
ɾݺ˼ʱžȴȻӿ޾һ֮ţݺм䣡
䣡
ݵԺ·ͻȻһ׺Уһհ׺󣬺ò׻˹ԺȴȻЩ졣
ֻעѾ棬ΪоɫţȻ񱩵ĳԼӿ޾ɫ
ʲôѵʥ˵ģʵͻͽǰף
üëһ뵽һ̣˲еһֳһеʹ
񱩵˿˼ݵֱӾӿ˽󺧣ʲô
ݵ޾£Եý
ǿҪ£ʹƺһﰧ
ʱﻹҵæϥתңľſ񱩵µ·߿ʼתһ˿˿ٵתΪڣʹĸоɢ١
ûкתӲ
Ϊ޾Ͳɵ˵ģɫҲԸԸ⣬ǿƵİеһԳݵȥ
ݵʱŵùһƤ򣬶ھڳ¿ʼѣݵʱпܱ
ģ⵽ڰˣıƺ
пԣǿֲԪӤڶܻ˵ǣȻӿ¿ʼҪѡ
Ψһľǣϵתңľ۵㻯ǣݻ˵ֻ׺һڡ
ڣݵֵסȻĽ塣
ҪԪӤ룬ҪԶݵʱֻо˲סԼƵֲԼ˿̣ݷԼԪӤã̸ӣ
˭˭ˣ֪ˣҲˣ
˼ˣⶼʲôʲôǽһڸԼôĳ𣿣
ԭΪǻԵû뵽Ȼǻ
ﰧɾʱȻǿԪӤûܵκ˺ټĻָݹϵָһ˲䣬ԪӤһλָɡ
ݲϲΪоǴҪԼĥǧٱſϰݣΪһֵĿֲٴγԼӿ˽
ĥĥɣ
һҧȴߣҪһģֻҪûҪϵΪԼĿ
ڵǼ㣬תңľˮнİΪԼ
б¾͸ң㲻ңҾͲЭ
ݴʱͬʮ˲ܾĥ
Ĺ֣޷ʹݣݵȫǣؽҧһ˿Ѫ˳ģдбŷģҰ޵ĺ
֣֣
һα飬ȻһΰݵָŻȻһεĻָ
ּƣͺҪŰɱǧٱ飬һδεҧסЭֻҪһָʩչңľ
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ʱһѾʧȥκεļֵЩɶΪҵѵľʹ£ÿһ룬һ
֪öãƺʹѾľҲ֪屻˶ٴΣ˶ٴΣʶЩģˣֻҪһָʶתңľ
䣡
һεıѣݵԪӤסͬİݵӲؾۣϴˢ۵壬Ѿǿ
һΣȻоɫҲûп񱩵ӿӺٶȣϸ
ȻæתңľʼʹΪ
ϸ룬ɫſʼı䵭ӿҲøϸСͬʱ̡
ڣɫʧݺžм䣬ݵڣѾҲûκε룬ֻʣ¸ղŵĲ࣬ңľɿš
ݰĲϺ󣬳һֽٺ飬֪ΪΣûǿӲ룬ݵǾһֿյĸо
ѵҾǴ˵еŰ񣿣ĨĨӣЦã뵽⣬ʶĹ۲һԼڡ


242 һɳ
ݲ֪һѾϰԸսͷ籩ȴͻȻ֮ƽһֲӦĸо
ñȺŸƽϲھ˷ı֮ϣ
ȥıĥģҲһǰˣǵӦԼʱҲסˣ
ɽٳڣԼȻǶɽٳڵΪⲻ𣿣
ݸԼǰδеǿ֮𾪵޿ɸӣԭȵĳΪһԾﵽɽٳڣһ簡
ͻı仯ڸղĥ֮Լͻˣôܣ
λðĽٶȣЩѣεĸо
Ҫ˵ǱˣԼҲоţʵˣΪѾоСԼڴ
ˢ
ӰڵϣСɽСĳ׻ʨʱСӿϲһţʱǾͬһеĺڶռʱ꣬׷׿ʼСɽȥ
޾ʼӵĳСۣСҲʱɵĺâͬˮ㣬Ѹٵİѿ񱩶̽ڣ
ݵͻƣʹýСɢΣΪŽޣСͻֻҪݽС޼ɵ
ƵŨʵͬ޵׶С죬£СԽԽǻâԽԽǿң
ģСҲʼͻˣ
ĿɿڴĿһУоͬξһ㣬̫ˣĸо̫ˣ
ҲʥΪʲô˵ԼٶͻһˣҲףΪʲô˵ܹʵȫҪԼˡ
ϵĻİڣնޱ翵İ壬㿴͸ıʡ
ؼģΪֻҪľﵽĳ磬ͻӿ޾ʵľϣ
ͺñһͯ˸Ĺȴȱٳۻ԰򹦷̸ҪſԻ۵ԵĹȥʱ䣡
ͻʵһʵı仯ÿһΪʲôоŽף
ŽĻֻۣе۵㹻ſʱ䡣
ȴĻȫʡˣҸҪǣ԰ͻʵı仯ļʣ
ϲͬʱݲпİѹʥǿ󣬼ÿͻڵֱأܲѣ
˼ʱСʵȴ޾ͬʱɿĽš
СĴԽԽӴ
ԭɽٴۿɼٶȿʼš
ӦСʵٵĽĵĻϲʵС죬һ˿εĸо
ܸоԼ˵һףԼʵȴΪŽ۷ѪͳСˡ
ΪŽߣȴԼһСȴһֱԹ޻ڵĸԼ꣬ݸе
޵ߣҪˣϣСʵͣںԼͬľ磬ɽٳڣ
ɽٳڵľŽޣСֻҪɹ٣ͿԳΪľŽ׳׻ʨһ˻Ҫǿ޵дڣ
𡭡
СʱʱʹĺҲڳ񱩵ӿ룬޵Ǳǿ̫ģСŶס
ʱڻȥҲû˿Ĳͷĵȴš
֪˶ãֻ֪СѾһɽСһɽ㣡
𡭡
ڣһ߿޺С컺죬Ҳʼɢ
ݺСͨеĸܵСʵѾɽڣ
ҲܵСǹǿҵĻϲ
С죬ϲŽ۷һ󲽣ݹЦ
СҲȸԾĺһɽСȻһٵСֻǼԭӴֻСèС
ˬСٺֱЦ˷ܵһԾԾݵĻ
ССӣô˻ѧȣȿɳܣݷһۣɷϣСèСС죬ȷʮֿɰŮɱ֡
ˣӦ˵һһڽ̸ʱݵǰһĵϣͻȻϹһ˴ɫƾճݵǰ
һ㶣ǻȻСС죬Ǹˣ˼ˡ
˵գҲõõѾõˣеջ񻹳ԼϣҲûʲôˡ
ޱ޼ʵɫռ䣬ֻһԼȥҲȹ
ˣˣ


243 
ݹϵһֱ̤̤Ǹ֮С
жһ˲䣬ϳǵĿջڣԭ΢΢պϵʥǸӦʲô˫Ȼ䱩
ʥһĨϲɫһţˣǳˣ֪Դﵽ־磡
룬ٿʧԭأһ룬Ѿ֮ͨǣ̤ҡҷ˲ͽ˴ڡ
ڴʱ֮ƾͻȻһϹ⣬һӰȻڴڡ
ʥ
صһ˲䣬ͿʥԼǰ
ţ
ʵݳԼǰһ̣ʥ͸Ӧɢơ
⡭
ʥȾ춯صҲסˣ죬ȴٳ˵
̫ˣ
ԶɽڵΪǿʥǰʥֻʣĸˡ
ȻԤݻһɳ죬϶øǿΪҲȥ档
Ҳ֪֮
УԪӤΪֱӵ˷ڣҲմմϲΪԺڵԳڽȥɽڳ
ʥˡ
ݻʲôʵȻϣʵԽǿԽã԰ݵĿ궨ںڣ뵽ݴﵽ˺ڣͻˣҲԼע
ʵ϶ݻͣڷںʲôģڣֻԶһĿ꣬Ϊ̫ϣ
ֻǵݳˣʥЩ˼ȫɽڵʵķֱ
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֮࣬ʥһ飬Ǿǿϲ
ʵ֤ûпˣݾȻ̶ʱھʹﵽ˶ɽڣô֮кܴϣػò磬ȵʥٴν
ݣԽԽˣϲΪǿߡɽǿߣ
ĿɿڴĿãʥ˼ڵʯѾ飬ƽЦı˵
ҲԼǶô𺳣ΨпЦԼıӵʥȤˣм޿ɸӰĴڣİʥһڣڻǸڵССʿ
˵ĵʵʥҲжɽڵʵ
ݱô˵ȻкܴĸãǱȥʱ˵ҪʵǰᣬҪԼԵģڵĳɾͣԼ̿ǿԼŬģֻƲһѣʵӿĸ죡
ʥȴ˰֣ĵ޵
΢΢һЦҲ뵽ʲôʥʵʥҽȥ೤ʱˣ
һ࣬ˡʥǺֱЦ
ȴֱ۾
ʲô겻
ΪʲôԼоѾɹʮʮꣿ
㲻ɻʱΪ101Ҳ˵ʮ꣬ʵһѡ
ݣ
찡
Ψݣ10ʹڿԽԼʮʱ䣡
ȻʦǿҵҲҪӡ
ʥ֪𺳣󻰷һתݰʦǣܵ㣬Ȼˣȥƽɡ
ԣݵͷȥ
ڴȥǰʥݷԸݣҪ˴ԵʵͻͽҲҪˮ۲˵ĵ֮¿ɲһְٳ߸ͷһ

鶴졣
ݻЩʱ˻
Ķ⣬վ棬󺰣ʦ棬
Ϊ鶴ӣݻĵһ£Ȼʦ棬ȻͬҪȥ˱ƽʦվʦ档
ݣ
ϥԺһξʹ򿪶˳ݺ
ʣԭϲı鶼Щסˡ
⡭
ʥסˣһݵݡ
ѵԼĻþ
¶ּȻƵ뷨һһĸݵڲʣÿһεĽһɽٳڣ
ôܣ̶겻ʱ䲻ݾȻﵽ˶ɽڣѵǰԼĵݣ
ݱ񶢵÷ëͷڨڨ˵ʦ棬ôˣ
ݵĻѡ
Ϊɽٺǿߣľǿޱȣݴ̫Ҳܾסλһ
ݣ̫ʦˣ
صݵļ鲻Խ¾Ȼټûеֵһûаµȥ


244 ˽
ݣ
ʦ棬˵ʵ˵ţԼҲšݵγ亹յ˵
ӺɷʲôŲŵģ˾ˣ
ȴ˵ͳﵽ˶ɽڵΪǾӦÿȥףһڵĵӣڲͬͬ죡
ݳΪɽǿߣ˵˵ˣڵȴƷˡ
һ·㼲Цӯӯİ鶴ĸ߲ϹٷĵȫΪݽӷϴ
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ǰСڣΪݻû㹻Աȴͬ
ʵʥ֣ûмκεټСʵҲǶɽޣ磬ݾǽĶˣ
Сĳ֣ٴһ𺳣һִ̼ôƽһ㣬ֻǶݣӵ
ɽǿ߼϶ɽޣϣǱ̬Ĵڣټ鶴ĵӣô᲻ϲأ
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˽ݵˣ֪ݵ츳עܸǳǳ̲ģضһɳ죡
ڣݳɹ֤Լ
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СǷǳûûεϴԴȣľ⣬ϱСһˣӦ˵һֻ޸ɨɾ
ССľƲˡ
һᣬһþƺò˰һֱ۵ҹνǾͱ㣬˶顣

ݵķڣȴʮֵѡ
߳ԼĶ޾ĺҹǿգƮ
˭Ҳ֪ݵͷһ˼ҹ飬Ժǣ
һɸʶԪ
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ȻûмԼĸĸһ棬ѪŨˮĸȴᵭ
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ĪеĻ˫һңȻڵǿȣô˵棬ҲΪûп˭нķ
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СŴˣټϱʶԪڰգһ˫ཱུСŲͣţͣĴޡ
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ѩⷬˣ֪绹һ鶴죬ԭΪԪ½ڣû֪ң֪ʶԪˡݵɱˡ
ʶԪϹ޳ܵСˣ㻹˼ҸףҸ׶ôΣ㵱ֵܿȴкҵĸĸȻƭһɸҪҵ꣬䵱һˣ
ʶԪƽʱ򣬾ѾջңһĵŭҲֲסʶԪ̲סҪң
ϹΪɸȻһսûУȻıɵֶΣһ޹СвңѵÿЦɳ𣿣
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250 ׽
޳ܣʶԪЦ·ЦЦҸ㣬ļϷûã
ʶԪĿݣʤΪΪܣʷǳɹ׫дģɹ߲ŻᱻͳݣʧߣЩ˵Ŀ棬ֻᱻ϶Ϊ޳ܵĴ÷
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ԭԼĸȻȱ޳ܵĻɫһʱ䣬еĵӸеͲʶԪѡ
︮Ǹߴΰ󣬶ʱˤϡ顣
ʶԪȴǻȥˣ˵ԭ򣬾ǳΪΪܣ۸ʲôۣʲôֶΣ
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251 
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252 
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ʱ˽ѵһʱԥ֪ȡ

ʱɽһ΢֦ڷĴ죬Ȼʵ龰˾һжȻ֦Ҳû˻ȥ⣬ʶԪҲû˿ûжע
紵ֲֵ飬˭Ҳȥעأ
ҲǡǡԺʯһͨĴ˲뵽һѵע⡣
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ԭԵЦĻȴʮʵΪ֪Īһ㲻˵һ˵ʹѾ⡣
СǽбȥһôĪȴƵģٺֱЦĶ
Ī쵰ǲ˵͡ȥûȥʲôвĪеİ취ֻһݣֵĵͰ껭ͼֽһŵ磬дš޳ܿɶĶĪС
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253 ⣬ܳɹǺ⣡
ĪҲ֪ﲻܣ̾һ
ȰС˵ʶԪǸС޵ƣûһǿ϶ָõģټһʱҲ֪ȥԿԿ϶ǣԶġ
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ǣҲֻǳں϶ѣҲ൱ոפҪ׿ҰȫƿأҪһʱ䡣

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254 һĲ
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ʶԪȻڣʬӰӶûп
ĪУѾĸװװһ㣬ҵĺ֪ԣæĪ¶ݡ

ĪܻĵݳСӣʲôʱ򿴵𻵹£ÿαΣͷΪĻΣ֮УھȻɱ
Եγһ亹ĪͷƿԣðɣðɣĪдӢۣ׼ûУҰųȥˡ
ʲôзųѱǲǡ
Īͬһµŵðɺðɣ׼ˣ뱾ȥ
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256 ˭˭
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257 
ݲûСۡЦ˳ǿЦ⣬Ŀˡ
ʶԪ㻹һѵɣݹŭĿĿʶԪ
ĪпⷬУﰵһݺôϡ
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ˣ顣
žɽУֻѪʣԽԽİ



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𱬵Ϣڶ̶һڴ磬вʿ֪ˡ
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ϹٷȴȽϳȣֻǹĶʵôǰʶԪʱسָϢ϶Ѱɣ֪״Σ
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Ц˵ʵ˵ǰģ̵ֻ棬Ҫ˵ģص㣡
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ѽ뵱ͬʱˣҼǵùʦֻǰĴʦ֣ŵһû뵽̶̼ʮʱ䣬һɳ죬ΪľǿߣǲŲԪӤڰˡ
˽дҲֻǸ̾ѣûκεļʡ
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ףģ˵ȵݻǾȥΣ
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СӴǰڵʱͰҼұֱֻʮʮľһֱɵ㶵ĲұǲһѣܺҲĻ˵


259 
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ЩݿЦãΧˣһЦʱνͷ۲ѡ
ѩȱˣȽȥ˵ðɣ
ΧɱڵУͷƤЩ顣
ѩݵΣʱΪЦ滨ģ΢΢һ㶣ӵϿȥɡ
ȴ˽뷿䣬ЩΧֵ߲߽Եķ䡣
߽ˣΪʵڲ֪ѩ죬ƿԣ˵
ѩ֪ݴʱ飬ǰĻݷһ㣬Į߾ͬͨ˵΢Ц
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261 
˶֪ʲôݴʱ飬ǿݣһʹޡ
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Զ֪ĻĴ⡣ХЩҪõģҲΪеƽͲģҲֻЦ
ǴʱϹٷĺͱӣǻȴڵŭԼõŮ˱ŮˣҪǣӶˣܲŭ𣿣
ݻԭֵû飬ɷչڣȴüìܺͳͻǸ˲ˣ˭Ҳ˲
ѩԭѽѩ治ڵô㣬겻ﾹȻһСˣԸʦңСĹݵ˵ģ
ЦЦ˳˷Ц·Ҫռ䶼ס
ʦҡѩæҪ͡
һȴĻ
ݣòϣϸҿˣˣ
ϹٷǰһֱǺɫģǳºͣٷƢڣȴصŭݡ
ϹϡſڣҪ˵ȴϹٷִϣ㲻ض˵
ʱɫѾεİڻƽϢԼϹž޲ͬɽѩأû˿ϸȴڽס΢š
е£Ȼȥչˣ
·ֻҪһ̲סͻ޳
ǿеδȥæת첽ܿǹµıӰԵôɪ͵
ţˣ
ӿⷬģ󣬲һǣ°ɵ¡
ݺݵĶݷһݻæ׷˹ȥݺݵһ䣺ˣûһö
Ϲٷĺ⣬ڳԶ鲻ԽӣЦѣԼ˭˭ˣȻǻȴ˿ıԹʱ廰ֱҡ
ϹٷҲһݺݵһ˦䣬ŭȥ
ֳֻʣֹݣһ˵ȣĿ࣬
Хݵļ򣬲ѩڱϣǲöԣֻǵݣֵ˵㣬Ĳˡ
Х֪鲻ҪϹ˵ԶȴХǳ⡣
ȻʱΪ࣬ХǶԶܹԶĻХͷ˵
ذ͹ԵˣԶŭȴЩɻʦôݰȻǺݵĹϵõٺãΣȷò԰
˼Ұܺߡ
ɵٴ뵽ǾһݺͰ˵ʱԶȴκϣֻʱʱ¶һ˿Ц
뵽⣬һɻһţѵʦ֪Щʲô
Ҳü˼ĿԶһۣҲ˲Ѱ˼⣬ѵ飬ţкܴǵģԲ塢ˡ
ֵǣǾͱˣѾˡ
ݿЦĶХ˵֪ǲ޶⡣
ţݿʦ棬ȰѩҸϢ֪вУ
û⣬ܼ򵥡
Զô嶯ûиѩѿ˵ͷ̷Ըȥѩһ
ݰοѩѩ㲻Ҫ룬е鶼ȥģһжģȥϢɡ
˵գ簮Ŀһۣӽڣһֱô۾ĿȺ˵ķ·񿴶ʲôƵģ۾һգһգģһֱûֳ
ݵĻѩһůмĿݣû뵽ʱ򣬻ᰲο
֪ˡ
ѩ֪Ͳˣʵһȵһȥĳ嶯еһĸУǶݣǶڰʦ
һжΪ̰ģǡĸŮ˲˽أȫԼ𡭡
ѩ˼ţһ鶴ӵ󣬳Ķȥ
ݣúõһеìܡ
ԶĿݣݵļ򣺡Ϊʦ㣬һУǶԵġ
ллʦӿһůмĿԶ
ɵӡ
ԶЦЦХ˵ߣԼһҲ͸ʲô
ʮ˿ȥֻʣݺ
ݿ˵ʦ棬̸һ̸


262 ݵľ
ţҵȥɡ
ͷԼҲòϣǱʶһֱݵԼĵԲŻУôĺ˵
Ķڡ
ݣұڴĻ㲻һˡ
ԭȵϣʱڸһ˿Ц˵֪֪ڲǰӺϹٵѣѾʹˣ׼Ѱˣ͵أôһ֣
ʲô
ĻȻ̧ͷ۾ɵùԲĿǲŵ顣
ı鲢ѣãݲҡҡͷ̾ˡ
ݣܸܲʦң⵽ʲôʦоȷǳϲСŮ޵ģǡ
ֹǰܵģסһ̾ϢݣĽΪħ޴սУһؼݳŤתս֡
ңҪǣڶ̶̼ʮʱһԾΪ鶴ڶɽǿߣҲ鶴ʷһɽʱ̵һˡ
һ㣬Ϊе
Ľȴô飬ڱôͷɥû˳˵ʹǼٵġ
ʦ棬˵ʵ֪вУҲЩĪʵʦԶ֪ķҶһ㡣
ҲǿЦãʼİǰʶԪ׷ɱ˻ԣ֪ѩȣҷһϵе顭
ȻְɱһɸʱʶԪȴʱֵһУ˵Ĺ飬ȫ˵˳ֻȴĪе飬˹ȥ
˵һУص̾һ
꣬ɫֱ䣬Ҳҡҡͷ̫ˣݣҲΪˣ飬˭϶ʦͬӺҵӦü縺ΣͲӱܣ
ʦ棬ȫˣʦҡҸеĸС
üͷҶ֪ճˣʦ棬ܸܲңҸô
飬ʵûжԴûдѩûдûд
ΨһдģȴǿЦˡ
ôĬãſ˵ݣʦ˵㣬Ҫ̯ʰãΨһİ취ǣ˫еһȥѩȻһܣǾͰ˫㶨Ȼǲܵġ
ʵǸղţʦǾƫģǵ˵ѩҲǸѾͷΪı䣬ΪӷţҲһΰҪȡԼˣʦҲð½ۡ
˵ģʵĬ֮С
˫֮Уһѩ߰
ݸ뵽ͷ̷ˣȻɷ˵ĺеҪȴǸܵġ
һԼӼʮǰͿʼϲʦ㣻һĸԸĬĬ˽ΪԼ룬ΪԼ׵ѩң֮仹˹⣬൱ƣ߲ɼá
ǣҲᶪ
ʦ棬ҲκһߵģǶ޹ġ
˼õݣͻȻ̧ͷ˵
ԶʱĿݣʵѵаలµļദ
ûСһЦ

ʲôð취
Уֻһ취ȴ˫ߣ˭ˣҶĲ£Ψһĺͽսֵİ취ߣ
һжҶΪңѩǱӵĴӣͰͬŽãԭԺദģɾΪңһжˣҲף룬ȥһʱ䣬ҶԺúõ侲һ£ʱ㣡
ݵĻϣ·¶˾ġ
⣬ݣˣδһߣβڿǿǣԣɵ˵
ȻһߣȴΨһİ취ǴֱһʧĻǸǣǸңԴɵĿռ䣬㹻ʱ䣬ȥúõİ鿼Ǻá
ⷬ죬Ļȴû˵ɷϣ˵ģһĵ
ԼѡΪʦ棬ֻϣ㲻ڡصĵ˵ͷͬˡ
ҲڵġҲǵͷһתʦ棬Ҽ£
ʲô£ʦҾΪ֮ǴݵĿ
룬˵
ҸתһŸѩһչ˺ǣңѩ鶴Ƶ±ӻʲôΪҳŵ㣬ƽ⼴ɣ顣


263 Īг
ãû⣬ìܣʦҲòֵ̫ݣϾʦҲһ˵ݣֻܾΪˡ
¶һ˿ЦʾҲЩΡ
޷ֻҪ鷳ʦˡ
ݵ¿ʼдŸԶȻûκ˲£Ȼ뿪鶴죬ݵıӰҡҡͷ
ﰵ̾ӣϧԼ鶴ܳĵӣԼŴ˼죬Ҫ뿪
Ȼûʳԣŷֱ𽻸ѩͰ
ȥˣҶ㹻ʱͿռ䣬ȥúÿ͸Լģءݡ
ϣ⣬ģһֻѩź棬˼չĻ

ݣȻ鶴죬׼ȥĪжʵ
Ҳ֪Ҿãҿ뿪һʱ䣬Ҳſȫģ˼Լ顣
Сıϣɸ߿ĿĵķУľ磬ϣ·⺮磬Էȥĳ
뿪磿Īзʵ
ԣûд뿪磡¶˾ģԸСС죬ȥϳǡ
ɡ
Īʼ磬Լ飬ԼľԤ̫ࡣ
Щ飬Լȥ
ݼȻ¶˾ģҲûȥҡ
ݵ뷨ܼ򵥣ȥȻ󾲾˼
ֻ뿪磬ŲṴĵ
Ҫ뿪磬ֻһ취ǾȥҲʥʥΪһҲֻ뿪İ취
ܿ죬ݵϳڣȻͨջڵĴ֮ǣʥ
ףݣŻȥô죬ôôˣ
ʥݵ󣬿첽˳ǿݣɲʵ
ʥЩһѾֻĿģҪʥһæ
ݳһ˿Ц
ҲãǡҪһˡʥͷʲôæ˭
ʥ󲿷ֵϣȫݵϣΪʥʮ󣬾Ҫǿȷɽ磬ʱȺףûһǿ磬ôĵλҪһǧɣʱ򣬺ʣΪȻţػߣ϶һ
ʥŵǣȴٳûͻƵϣԣϣݵϡ
Ȼղ󣬵չϣ
ʥ˵ɣѵʲô£
ʥ˵պҪԼһ£Լʲô
ġ
ʥҲֱӿżɽһǰҸӦ֮򣬳һǿϢЦǵϢȱҪǿĶ࣬ɣǸϢǿߵϢ
ǲϣʱض֮ɱʶԪҲ룬֪Щʲôġ
֪ɲԸңʱ֪һЩ飬Ϊһػ߻ҪǿĴڣ飬ɲʲô£ǲѰ
⡭ͷƤˣѵҪĪбģҪĪУ϶ǲܵġ
Īȴ˵ݳСӣǸʥ㲻æ˵ֲʲô˵ģǰѱ¶ȥҲ޷ģСӣɲҪ¶̫ϸ˵ʲôʲô֮ġ
õĪе׿ϣݸɴͷʥ˵Ǻðɡ
ʥֵʲô˼ͻȻоУͻȻһϤֲϢȻƾ֮䣬Īһյŵƣĳ˵ǰ
ĪҲܵأΪʲôһ쬵ĸоͺعһ
뵽⣬ȻۣȴԼѾ֪ʲôʱ壬ڰб˫۾أ
ʲôĪвһѾӦɸߵֱݵǰͷŭݣ˵Сӱ˭ѱųģ
ֳΪ죬ݺĪվһ𣬾ͬһֻϺһֻ󣬾޴ķԵüΪ졣
ĪԼҰ㶶¶ĺòáȴĪеŭʼ磬һҺ޹ı顣
ĪУ
ѾݵƤˡ
㶶¶һĻȥ㲻ڰѱ˸ųɣñû˿׼ѾľҪñҲ˵ѽſȰһ˵ƣȻ𺳵ĳСӣֱѱȫˣǳǿҵı㣡


264 ǿΪ
Īеġ񹦡ѾԽԽˣŹߣ̾
ղĪһĻݵͷû˿ϵġһһȫ˳
ֱӰСĸһһģﰵԵľѣ뵽Ī˹Ȼǵ˸ڣԹֱҪʵˡ
һԵʥ򸾣ʱǸӵķȻûĪ˵ĻȴеĸӦĪΰ̺ŵģǶôۺǿ֮
Īͨҫ۵ѪɫټͰķ컭ꪣʹ˿ͬɽѪ֮սʶǿֱģ
ǰǰ
ʥĻһ˿ţôôǿĴڣĻǷǳϲģΪݵĻУ˹ϵĲѰǿһĺ£
ݺԼǿ˹ϵͬСɣζʲô
ζ˺һģȴԼиԼǾǣݳŵԼػ磬ζʲô
ݿԵõλ˵İôһǿ˴ڣôζţûдﵽΪû㹻ҲȻ˵ʵǿƵıס磬ȴʥŵӵͻƣ
һʮȥҲԷŵһˡ
ݹûʧȻԡһˣ˵·ʥڲȥ֪Ҳȥ˽⣬˲ϲȥ˽Լȴȥǿе飬һŪɳ׾ʱԿĻԼ
ѵѣԼѣһеͨ
Լһģûٵģ˻Σˡ
ţ㲻صģݵİ𶼿ڲԺ⣬Էˣ˵ݴãͱã
ĪǺεȵľʥıĲ׽ݹĿ࿴ǣĪжˣȴƶԼǰа񣬷ʮֵ࣬ʮֵϣ·Ǹġ߸ϵĴڡ
ԴˣֻǰƲƲ죬︹̲ѣŪɧļһ֪ɪ
ݺοĪһȻڱǰɪţ˵ǷȴԼӶⷬʥ϶ҪԼӵͺУҰˡ
֮Ĵ¡
ģһôǿĴڱ˭Ҫݣ
Ԥϵûд
Ī˵Ƿֱֱһģ˭ҵ˭ݽҵ˭ҵ˭
һʥݸӸ߿һ֣ԡһˣҿǿôֱ̻Ƿ˼
ˣдֶһɰЩͨʿٶЩƲġ
ȴһ˶˿أ׼ȷ˵ôġҳϡ
ʵʥ֪ݺĪ֮ĸ飬ôʦѣЩʥԶᶮġ
ٴθлǰԸˡ
ʥʱҰڼӣĪǰʶȤķŵԼĳƺĳΪ
ʵ
ʵǰʲôɸʥţҪͷ
Ǳ߲ǣֳ󣬿϶ᾪô˼ţʲôһֱ߸ϵһȴѪɫսǰԳΪ
ѵǿۣ
֪Īеʵ֮󣬿¾Ͳôľˡ
طǿΪ
еȨƸ֮ģʵǰǸƣһ
ĪʵǺܵɪģ˵ݳСӣô䣬ǲǺĽʺްɣ
ϣĪȴһȻı飬ĶʥͷҲ𻰡
ݣ
ĪֵɪоֱĵģҲ򵽣ʵĳȻãʵû˭С㣬û˸ҵĵ㣬ƾ˭ҲǱϹϾġ
ˣݣղƺʲôҪ˵
ʥԺһղݸ˵ʱƺҪԼæ
ˣ
ǺݵĽŪˣȻõλ˵İֻʥףôǿ˴ڣݻʲôҪģ
ףȴҲʣֻǾԼ˵
ĪĪУݣݵʵעĪװ磬ǫѷĵǵģʥǰҪʥһ£
ʲô¾˵һΪ
ʱʥǳЦ
ģҪ뿪һʱ䣬Ҫʥҡݳһ
Ҫ뿪磿ʥͬʱһڡ


265 ſս
ǵʥҵȷҪ뿪һʱ䡣
ݿʥһı飬һ룬Ͳʥʱе뷨ǽ˵ʥģʮ֮ڣһϻ磬Թȥɽġ
֪ʥǵŵԣ˵
⡭ʶĵ뷨ʥҲûв˼ֻǳҪȥ
Ҳ֪̯̯֣ʾԼҲ֪
߽磬˲ͺ磬ֱ硢硢ڽ硢ſս硢캣磬磬Ҫһѡɣ
ͼſսɡ
֪ΪʲôݶԡſաָеǰδеУҲΪҪģǡſաְɡ
Ǻãȥͼſսкȵȵȡ
ʥ˵ͷûз򸾶ߵǽǽһطɿһ
ǣ
ʱǽڿʼȻмͻȻѿһţ澹Ȼж죬һ޴ķ䡣
򸾶˽ȥ󣬴ֻպϣû˿ĲֻǾĵȴʥȥͼſս
ֻڸ֮̾ǿյģȴ֪˶ٸ󣬾Ʃ˵ʥţطҪ֮Ϊת㡣
һᣬһδ򿪣ʥЦŵݣſսӦˣҸ˵ˣҪ磬Ϳȥ㴫ͻġ
ţõġݵͷȻʥһжźˣȻǸãҲʡԼ鷳
ˣſս˳˳ʦͿˡ
ʥַԸһ䣬˵ɣ档
˵գٴγǽȥֻݺĪˣҲ˹ȥ
ҿֺߴԲݵĪΰ
ʥٴδǽصĴţҲ֮˽ȥһȥݾסˣģֱһ֮أ߰˸ȻǰâҲ֮Ĵ
ʥ˴һâ󣬵ݣǰǼſսĴˣ̾ǰ𣿡
šݵ˵ͷݵͷˣĪȻû˵
ʥԣһöƷʯڰ˸С

߲̿ʹ𣬿ռ䷺û˿ԥһ̤첽ڴϷ
뿪һ̣ʥĻݣأ
ﰵһأûԥڿռ䴫Ͽһʧڲ硣
ȵһνʵأѾһСڡ
徻࣬ȻСȴһȾһľһľһš
ϣһԴӽ۵Ĺͷ΢ĬĬ߶ʲô֮΢΢ۣʵǲݣ
˵ʵ˳ﻹһЩģˣǶɽǿߵĴڣȻҪſս硣
٣˳ʦػһЩ
ħ޴սոս٣ſսϢ״̬ȴһɽǿߣ᲻ſսʲôӰ죬˳ʦǵġ
Ǻʥ˵ݾԲԼǻĻǾԲǿǼſսģڣˡ
˳ʦ˫ֺʮĬ䡣
شʦǲݣð֮ԭ¡ݱ˵
һ롣
䡣
صֱӸоһ뺷Լѹ棬éݱǿֱӼϡá
ۣ
ΰɽټصƣûаݼһѪ
ţƨɺô䶯ȥˣһ˿ɻ󣬳ȥȴǵéݺǽ塣
Īڵϣһܷѽı顣
ιĪ쵰棡
ܻĻĪоһæվŵſŵЦݳС쵰̩ɽѹζɣ
ĪвΣԴΪ٣ΪĪбӲѡ
Ϊȴ׵ļŭ˳ʦ
쵰ĸ쵰
Ĭ˳ʦ仹ûһ룬͸еȻѹڵ´һ䳰Ļ
ʲô̩ɽѹѹѣ
ʵ˳ʦǰǺǣԵȻģֻԶԶûдﵽնľ磬ѽзŭ
һǰſս磬һЩƾ˭һƨڵϣҲȻ
˳ʦոոоǡش󡯵ĸʧ֮˳ʦҲûƽܻģֱӡ䡯ͷŸߴĪУڴ


266 ˳ʦ
һ룬еûдȥȴ˳ʦŵϴ죬ȴ㶵˵
ĪеͬʱĪҲڿ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ·ڲ֮ģ͸¶һ˿
ƺܿ챻˳ʦ׽ʱȻһǿơ
Ϊʥͬȼ˵Ĵڣ˳ʦôӦĪƵĸأ
Լǿ
Ǵǿߣʵֻ֪͵ȵˣȻڷ˽޵еĴڣǵɽ磬ֻƵĴڡ
˳ʦôҲ벻ھȻһеǿߵ𾪵ͬʱҲΡ
ȻҪŭһԼǿǿߣ
ǲԼⶺѰˡ
˳ʦﰵһЩգӦ뵽ˣԼéȻõģȴǾԼļӳ֣Ǻʥ֣ҲҪһʱſƳ
ֻǽһѹͰԼéѹˣʵԱԼҪǿ
ֻҲȫ˳ʦ˭Ҳܹ뵽˺Ǹ߶ĺħ⣬׽羹ȻôǿĴڣ
ţ˳ʦԺʥ̵ĺ죬ղŲ֪һ㣬һôһǿĴڣ˵ΪʲôʥԶɽʿôˣ˼һԼţ˿ɽƶɮ󣡡
ĬãЩ졣
һתϾ˼˳ʦĵ̣˵Լ˼ҵ͵ģô˼һӣݶЦݶ˳ʦʦǳէʦǳȥΣ
ʦģſս磬Ľſս˳ʦһֱʶһܲͻڵľ硣
Ŷ˵ţ˵λƶɮ
˳ʦݸһ̨ףæ˳ƶ£ͷǻķŭ͸¶Ƶʱɢ֮С
ǾͶл˳ʦˡЦŵͷ
ĪУ˵ôĳȥŻܶСѵġĪ˵
鷳Ѫ塣ĪЩȷ߳ȥȷᡮĿЩССĲģĪлǻһݵ塣
ţֳ˳ʦɫٴһ䣬ݸӹĿ࿴
ղеĿĪǰģʲô
ѵ˵ղǸԼҪǿĴڣֻٿصģ
һǵģ㲻ǲٿصģҲзǱѰĹϵɽٳڵСޣСǿ֣붼˼
˳ʦֻϣݲҪڼſսͱʲôԼҲû취
ܿ죬˳ʦ˳ȥ֮ͬǣ·ſս糬ȻĴڣֻ֮ǲһһܴ
ݵѣ£ǵϿգҪȥˣ͵봦һڣ˵֣Ȼ˵־ˡ
˳ʦݷԸ
ţ֪ˡ
ݵͷĬ
˳ʦ򿪴󣬰˳ȥ
⸱ģͺɷһ㣬ЩĪ˵ĪУ˼Żˡ
ϣɽ綼ҪοһССͨˣǡĪа뿪Ц˵
УԴ˭᣿ݱĵ˵
ĪֻǺٺһЦҲ͡
ݸ˳ʦǱ̤봫뿪¡
ǵİУͻȻһӰݣ㣬ֻһ˫쳣ڡ
ˣݡ
һٽǣȻĿĵĿʼˣǹǣȻطȥ֪˶á
һ££һꣿ
֮ݰѼſսֹһ飬ȴϲǸΨһĵطϣһˮС
Ϸ羰λڼſսϷɽˮ˽飬ʢŮʿ
ˮ磬ͬסźܶͨˡ
طͬϡһãͯλãͬ峺ģᴩССӣû˿ʡ
ҲͬһͨˣӦ˵ʱһͨˣ˵㾧ʯڽˮһССķӣǸԼϱС·
ԼСһܺ֡ѩ˿̣էһȴ⣬죬ܿҵ˽ĵطȻʽϼۣʼ⡣
Īв֪ΪʲôΪôǿĴڣȴڷֻżϾܳ죬ά֣صķ棬һ޴ĿӣʹÿĪС
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267 ִ
ңռ䣬ҲĿռ䣬ĪпسĿռ䣬ݳԾǣڲ֪ԭĪе棬ҲӵųԣҿԷŽĶС죬ƩĪԼ
֮࣬ȴȻСʵҲڻĽȴûпȥܡ
ݵӹļ򵥶ƽÿ춼ļΪʵæµڳУæµں˵Ľ̸УżϾһӣǰܶ飬ЦݣʱİǰһС
ݵĵ̸տʱȻ㣬ʱһֻ֡
ݶԴҲ⣬һڵûпţ͵ķС飬ʱñˣʱȴЦݡ
Խݵ̵ȴԽԽ
ΪʲôʵݵĴȡ
ݵĵʱᷢ龰
ϰ壬Ⲽô
ʮöƷ龧ʯ
龧ʯЩƽĻңҲǾʯĩһöʯĩԻһöľʯ
ɲԱһ㣿
УööͿˣ
ʲôöôˣ
ҪҪҪ͸ö
öã⼸鲼ȫҪˡ

ǣЩһʮʮ٣Ҷ֪Сӵ࣬һұѩ˿̣ǲϣʮֵıˡ
ҵ̵ƽ׽ˣĵͲôΨͼһ˵ǰݺʵЧ
Ҳȷʮֵ⣬ֻҪƽۻ߿һγɾ޴ķ
һ̵ʼˮˣ֪һҷǳŻݵĵ̣ѩ˿̡
ǣˮˣᵽݵĵϣټݹȻûôʧеĲ϶÷ǳļ۸˳ȥ
ݵĵ̿ʼˣÿ춼ΪеҲȱϣȴϲϡ
Ϊϲƽ׽˵Ȥ
ݺ⣬ÿ˶Ĵкӣ޳ͺԸ񣬷²˲ٽˮŮǣ˶ףֻݶԴ²ûκȤίһһܾ˶̾Ϣ
𱬵ҲæµҪŶæµŽȻȥ
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ݵƷѾˮ磬һĵСӡ
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ڶϽˮ˿ϵ˵Ļ·һ˰ȫˣǻʲô
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вʵļϰ׷׾һŶԸݵİ취
ڣǾǮ֣
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˻ûеֵȴ˳ϻЦݸϽֱס
ü˭
ȥһʮˣǱδ󺺣ɷĳԼΪ׵ǼʶԼͬС
ʱѾ²֣ȴûжֻǾĿǣϲǣӿкµɫ
ݣ㻹֣
һ˴ֱ˹ָݿӾ㣬÷Ŵһ㣬ȸ˵ٰѶôˣӾͲ˵ˣǿ֣ôõǶ簡ӼˣѾڼڶûʲôȥˣ
ǣǹһģӻСģӲҪҺڰҪӻ£ô;Ĵˣ
˶ͷľһʦ˶ڣƽʱŭȫйˡ
һжڶȴûлشǿˣʮвģЩ˵ĻȻһ㡢³һ㣬˵ȷʵһʵԼȷǵķȫˡ
ԼһᣬǶҪҺڣѹǵסַвԼ
ǣȻ֪ˣȴûлڸĵ˼ֻҪԼҪ顣
ݳĬʮ˶ʱеһֱӵĸоȻݵĵʶ壬ɸǷŭ


268 ͻ
Ϊ׼˿ͬľͷһ㲻ŲʲԲģɲȻŭûУôװưˣô˵
ȥаɣʲôѿңһᾡǵġ
üȻǵЩӵƽľľࡣ
ûжŭֻǻ˵
ݵĻǸһ㶣ãһͻȻ˳ָݴװʲôˣ㲻ѹͼ۸ǶõİˣǮ˲𰡣ǸУĸƨֵǶʮĲˣڸģ̫𣬼Ȼ㲻ôǣᵽΪֹ
Ϊ׵ļ˿ݲܽѵһ֣úĽǮƵĴһӵϣҪһ١
ҡҡͷʵڲ붯ֻ֣뵱һˣΣȴǱƲѡ
ʱݸھѾ׷ױǶһݱʮΧšѵֻ˶ڣԴȻݵģȴվ˵
ֻﱣݲᱻ̫ҡ
С죬ŻŻǾͿˡ
εĶС˵
ʱʮѾǿݲҲܵģʵʮֲһѣ֪˵ɵǵӴ
룬ϵĶȴûͣ
Һݺݵ
һݣӺȭͷ֮Ķȫͷ˹
һֱޱ飬鵭ĮеĹҪӽʱ
𡭡
һҷŭʨӺƾճ֣޴ֱӰȺ˸һɳȥһĹâ˲ݵǰȻڵϡ
С춶˶ĺͷһѪɫĵЦݺݵĵʮˡ
ʱ
ޣ
ܰǻ˵ޣ
ݾȻֲֿĹ˵Щֲ޾ЩܵʿǿҪܣ
ǾǿС֮󣬾ȻһŲ·ֱӴ뽭С棬ɿܡ
Сĳֱ֣Ӱǵĵųˡ
ҿǶǽˮ񣬶ἸӾʽǲſС
С죬ûˣڵһᡣݶСԸ
СԹԵıСȻͬҳϵСſڵǰվ˵Ƕɣл˵ģҲ˺ǵġ
ԭŭսս˭Ҳû뵽һֱºţ˹ĵݣȻһֲֻޣ
ޣǿʿĴڣȻǷˣҲʶΪˣŻе¡
һֻޣǸﲻġ
ԭΧ۵ľǣҲ׷׻Ȼסģֶͨˣʿǣ඼ѡһɣɽжչ
ԵǿСʱҲС𺳵Ĳᡣ
ģԭһֱһͷޣ
˼޶ôǫ˲ò࣬ȺҪùˡ
ʵҲûжĹ
ҺɻһͨˣôǿĴڣ
Ҳġ

Ҳô¡
ݵĻȺԭҪѵݵ˽ѣǿ֪޵ͨǿǺʿһԷݵصģǸұ֤Ҫ˺Ⱥ˾ڽӡ
ʹˣҲֹΪֻͨ˶ѡ
ԥһᣬʵʵλذʪվݵǰǿֻѾͬСèƵСʱһһս
İһЩǣݸղž˵˲˺ǣڵģҲҪ˺ǡ
ǣû˸ղŵ棬ЩֺηĿݣ·ȡС
ݿ⸱ı飬һЦţ˵˺ǵġ
ҽ֪ҿС꣬棬ֻҵ顭
ݻû˵꣬æͷҶǶˣǸУǲˣ
û취ܵвʲôʲôûôҪˡ
ݿЦãæȱ𼱣һû˵꣬Ȼ˵ǿ϶ǲܸ˿ϵˣǱУ˵ǿȥҵʱʲôѿԸ˵һᾡģǸտʼʱѣ֧ͥһǣԺ󣬵ǽЩɫʱ򣬾ҪԼˣϾҪԼһζвͨġ
ݵĻЩѵ磬ĵĶݷֿĸл󣬸ȥ
һͻˡ
ԴԺҲûݵ鷳Ҳ˵ǲٵİ֪ѾԼ
˺ˮ磬ֻʣһ˿̣ݵĺҲˮ硣


269 
ʱķɿ죬ݾæµţˣݺΧҲˡ
ƻ裬ɫϦڵУ⵴ģɷǺÿϼˮȾ˵ĺΣĿѣԡ
һݹԼҵ̵ĴţȻȥһҶࡢһС϶һţ⣬׼ȥѼ
дݶ棬һ̣ഫġ
м䣬ֻһѵСӣ߹ˮϹţݼ߽̣ҲǴļҡ
ǸȴʵĺӣĴģȫļ߸ֻǺЦݣȴڵϡ
һӣʮңΪһһĺӡ
ʱƹƹҵʼҲ׼չˡ
ʱѾǵķǰûзţֻһɫĲȥӳģĿǹ֮ģӦоУǴһһԴġ
ɩӺáݶԴЦŴк
ǹ̨ӸӣݵĵϹӵЦݣС磬ˣȥŰɣչˡ
ʵЦԵøУݵͷϤĴģЩӵǰ̣Ȼֱ߽ȥ䷿䣬һרŵĴ̣һ䣬ļҡ
磬ˡݶԴƹĴ̴
ϵܣȥţҴѵͳ
˳ϲãʮ㡣
ֱӽССķݣӵҰûжλãһӣŴȻһЩҾߣССķ伷ġ
СţˣݰѾϣȴЦŶԴϵƤС
Сһ࣬ȴ׳ʵЩڣһ˫ȴ񣬵ʱ˵Ĵ
塭塭
Сһšʮ¾ͻῪʼģķˣţҲģĺݣݺϤ
ǿĵĺţš
һᡣ
⴫Ųݾ֪̹ţͣһӪҵˡ
ţȥЩóԵġӷԸ
֡
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ˣϵܣǸ˵㣬ÿζ綼Ϊˡ
ҶԼˣЩʲô
˵ţΧϣȻһ̸ʵҲ̸̸ֻԼҵô֮ģڼɩ˵ʲôһһС֮Ļ⣬ֱϣĺ顣

ոһգ긴һꡣ
ݾ͹ƽӡ
Ѿ֪˶ֻ֪꣬˼׷ţѾĻҪ׳ʵһͷСţһ㣬ʵ
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һ죬û˿쳣һ졣
򿪵̣ʼӪҵȴȻоһּ¶һرǿңǰδеļ¶
⼸ÿ춼ּ¶ֻһΣǰδеǿңǰδеŨء
٣Ҫˣ
һԤУ¶ʵٵԤףǰٶиӦΪ٣ټ֮˵Ϊеһ̶֮ȻµĿ飬Ϊ׺٣һ죬ɢţٲ
٣ֻС٣ǶԶɽٳڵɽڵĿ飬ʧ˻ɢɹǳɹɽھ磡
ÿʿʵ磬춼Ӧή٣ʿҲȸӦٽٵԤס
ô죬ҪС𣿣첻ѡ
Щ꣬ûпȥʵĽȫСȻͨԼԶݵʹ
ڼǰԼʵѾȫﵽ˱͵״̬һΪҪһЩȹ١
ԸΥ֪Խȥעǡǡ෴ʵۺҲľûп£ľڳУ⽭ˮ硢峺Сĸ峺ʡ
ԣЩݵľķɿ졣
ֻûпȥעԸԵľˮž޲
ĺôǣС죬ԼСٶȣõġ
ԣݵٲŻô졣
ãӦÿȥȹ٣꼰㣬ҾǴˣ


270 
̧̣߳ͷ죬ڸղŻ·Ÿո۵ʣȴƺҪ˯ȥˣգʼһε
յϷۿɼٶȿʼ£һγһž޴īƣīƷ·ʼһ籩
˷һ˷ƣڽˮ罵٣ôʣˮ綼ᱻΪƽء
ݾԲ鷢
ľ񣬴໹û𴲣ҲЩ̰ˣѾǿ˿ɫʱģôҪһ㡣
Ҹ˵ĵطһ٣
뵽ʱû˿Ĺ˼ɣٹ˵̣磬˷·˿У˲ʧԭء
ϵҲڿٵƶƻȴݡ
ˮľǣȴȻķ֣һλָʣһĳǵһůů⣬ʼ¡
ˢ
ɿģҵһ󺣣ڸ߿֮ϣԽԽŨܣʣĵȴ
ǣݴʱƽ棬һųѾõģȴڿʼֵ궯ѪҺҲھҵķڡ
ݿϿգаľ޴īƣڵУһǿҵġȵɫʣǾǡս⣡
٣еɣ

磬鶴졣
ʦã̸̸
磬Ķ⣬һλ֮֮ͣͣҲһλɫŮӣѩ
ԭѩʦ㣬ɡ
ѩһ㶣Ȼȥ
ʹʮˣɣֻǿģȴµĳӣҲڽıĲɣ
ʮ˫ӸտʼˮݣڵĵĮеḶ́Щۡ
ֻǳԼڶڣȴȥʱѩѩҲĻΣãҿԲ
ԶҲѩһߡ
Űȶ
˼꣬ʱԶԥһҵϹٷķ򸾣ѵ麬ĸǡ
Զΰ̸Ϲٷķ򸾳Ĭá
飬ûжԴѩֻΪݣͬûдûд
ǷͲǵֻ֮ΪԼŮеίڣȴ˼
ԴԺ󣬱ֻ࣬ȻĮԴѩʹˣ鶴죬ƽࡣ
ĺܿɰ˽ϲСһرХЩСԵˣʱĿĲѡ
ʱȥҲһλʵ꣬ݺᣬϻο̶̶ʮ꣬ȴﵽԪӤڵΪ
ѩҲǳģһޣ峿ڹĶ
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ѩ·ҪЩѹȫйЩ룬ҸòȥұͲӦó֣Ӧǣȴ˽ˣӦ˵Ϊһ֮Ϊ治ᱻ衣
ҶԲ㣬ԲʦԲݣԲκˣΪȴʼպƤ
ڣڲͬˣѾˣѾԼ˼Լˣ룬Ӧ˳ˡ
ѩһҹ뷨ȫ˵˳
˵˵ţЩӦȥˣֻʦã㣬еˣҪߣƽ
˵ףѩǷĲ
ʦ㣬˵ȴͻȻûдûжԲκˣ㣬ʹңһ˲αҪߣݲ˵Ǿ˼Ҫæ𣿡
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ֻԺӣѩˣʱ棬Ҳô䣬ʾ΢Ц
Ĥڻ

ʱſս磬֮ϣ޾ûб߼ʵĴ룬Ͽգһȴͦεɫˣһ
ɫ˵ϿգƱãƷһž޴īƣķڣīƵΧһ˿˿ڲƣʱʱը
һЩֻţЩ籩ٵǰ࣬ǰ𵽼£ķ籩


271 Ӳ
ŰʱȥˣʱȴԵôգѾһƬڣҹ٣ֻепХ
ֲⷬͬĩյ£Ҳûиղŵƽʱ򣬺ХڿŰ𣬲ھҵķš
ֻһеһУ˿Ӱ첻˸ᶨӰЩͦε˿Ķ
硢ơ쳹ص죡
߶𵽼ʱյž޴󷭹īƣڱһ۵˺ѿ
С٣Ҳ˵ʿҪ׵Ŀ飬һǿһڽڽ䣬һ׵ƾôĿֲ
䣡
׳׵磬Żһеƣ޿ɵֵ˺˽ƣ˺˿ռ䣬ֻһĨ貣
Ŀȴû˿ĸı䣬ơǺƵȴû˿ԥģֱĿ꣬ɸ߿֮ΨһӰǵƲɫˣ
Ȼݣ
ݣٺֲܿЩʿΪ˵ֿ٣ɽٵ֮Ķ뾡ӵãⲻ֪ȻֲȴĪã
аղκֶӲ٣ǽӲΪõȫ֤ǿȻǰ֣
֣էһƺ٣Ҫ֪ԽԽѣͬһ˿ʮﶫò⣬ʮĻټʮ֪ˣһٽĻϣǼһҲ㹻սļޣ
ϣͬеͨ
Īȴ˵壬ʹԼǿǿ֣Ƕô˵һ֣
ݣɲҪСףϷǷǳģϾϼҪӲȴǱ÷ǳѣȻٲС٣ôҲ֮ҪԼĥã
Īл˵ǸоԼʵڿסͲҪǿ̶ϼֿϼæڱصõġ
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İĪУзִ磡
ǿҲҪһԣ֮ζ˵ȴӿ޵ս⣬εսŷ·ҪԵĺڰ
ݸɴſ˫ۣһӭӰƣ˷ֱӰεض𣬳Ŵ޾ϢĽӭȥ
䣡
׵Ȼݿ˵ݵͷȥ
ڽ׻ûпʱǿֲƣֱӰݵȫ۸ȫ˺ѳɷ顣
ǰѸӦвҪϼǿеѹȥ
ʱ׺ޱģֱӺݵ֮ϣ
޴ĳټݸûκεȥֻԼһɽޣٶ˲ײԼ
ݵȻһѪҺλ
ҲȻ·ĺ档
ȡ
һʹԺݵˮͷˮӴ
үģʹ
죬æת˺࣬һڰ֮С
ʱݾûôˡ
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ԭڴʱ۾ѿ¶Ľ⣬ȫ߰˺ڵġ
ġٴʱ³һŨ̡
Ӳ׵ȷܣǼʶˣ׵Ĵ󲿷Ű񱩵׵ݶסɸ㶶
뵽Ī˵ӲǳȻһװŪɢؼ䡣
ݵȷܵǿ˲٣ǣ׿ɲʲôִ磬ڵĴ󲿷־֮ģǱƻһͿ
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ǡǡ෴ǣϵīٴξҵķ·ڶ͵Ľס
ڶؽ׻û͸ݺܺõĻᡣ
ݳСӣŽʱ䣬ú޲һƣܲܿסҪԼˣڶؽӦÿסڵذɣȰ㻹ǲÿˡ
ĪеĻæ޸ƣ֪ˡ
ʱ
ݵĻָ࣬ݻˣīһ޴ĽѾǿƵ˺ںڵʣԲһĿƣֱûκηϡ
ףһɿ
ɣ٣˺ѱɣ
ſԸ


272 ؽ
䣡
һαǿƵĺºȥ
εĽױһףֱҪ˼ټݸͲȥϵģԴһûбըѿ
һСᣬĺˮ΢Щѣһ£Ӻ˳˾Ƶһҡҡλεģڰվվȡ
ۣ
³һںˮˮﻹдỤ̃ʱȫľڽ״һ˲䣬Ѿݿƻһ룡
ټϲ׵ΪѾҲ̶ãݵҲըѪģƤģһζ
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ģ˼鲻Խ뵽ͬʱǱʶԼ̵ϢƣǵȵؽҲĻ¸ͳŲȥ
ݷ·ںʱܣϵĽƣҲѾ֪ܸݴϢĻᣬɵģɸ߿֮ϣƾ£ĸ죬ڵĸӵļҡ
ƺ໥š
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εƣղƣҪֲصĶ࣬еĽ׵ȫŰݵУǿᣬͻҷ
ʹˣҲֹۡ
ֿ٣ɵɵĲ޸Լƣû˿ԥȫڵٵߣϵĻָԼơ
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ڶǸ˰ʱźˣʱʱϢӦаհɡ
ǲŹһӡ
ĪеȴȻ䴫ݳСӣſϼˣ
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ݺ֪ڻָУǵ΢΢̧ͷʱܵʣž޴īƵУȻ伲һ޴Ľףͨɫ񱩵ưѺˮ÷·ҪХһ㣡
ǳƶôľ춯أжôǿ
ݴʱС˵ҲŰ޸һ룡
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ݴʱĻˡ
ԪӤ궼ήҲ񣬸ο塣
ؽ׵ʵǿֲױǵģףǰ׵ܺͣݱûлָõͿ
ݵԽԽʱ˿ͷ·ҡҷĵ⣬ʱ
ĪﰵѣСӸ쵰ǿ֪˰ɣ
ʵĪڣݸˣֻҪһ
ԭĪҲԮ֣оһ˿֮ڻתʱȴֹͣ
ʵҲֻһֻ⿲ȴͬǵѰ˸Զȹ
ȻЩͨˣ԰ЩҪȹǿιȥǣվԼԶȹȥʵڡ
ѾȹĪԭһֱ֮ǣݾﵽɽڣҲԼõġ
ԼӲȫԼһ˳ŹͬԾţĽǾ޴ġ
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ŶСҲҪˣСŽ޶ӦҪ࣬Ͳòˣ
ĪૣȴȻһ˼СϣԷһ
һϣƱáХ
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273 Ծ
ڵһľ⣬⾫ʵʰ㣬Ȼֱ˺ѺˮǿʮԶ
ˣݡ
Ѱ⼸ʮ֮ĺ㲻ҲҪˮѹҲֱѹ
ȴȫûиܵϢĸоûиܵ˿ѹҲ𲻵á
ɵķһվںףԱƯɺ͸ָࡣ
ȴûйȥЩͷܵԼڵ״ʱ¶һ˿𺳣
ĪϣӲ˽׺׹ȻԼǿ֣ңڣȻһСֵڽ׵ϴ£֮ȻֻһС֣Ҳֵˣ
ΪݸоһСֵ֮ȴеҪǿ
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С磬ôòˣȥˡ
ϵܣȥҪ㲼ϣȴֹˣû뵽

Щʶݵˣ׷Ϥĺݴк
ֻȴãڱЩһˣǾﲻһȴ˵
ȴûзϣֻǰʿԭ֪һݵĴ˵
ΪЩҶ֪ݵգʮǰûжı仯ټϱ˴ţõʿİ¹ҩഺפ޻ϢͼҲ֤ʵһ㡣
Դһʮʮ٣֪ݱʿæϢҲǴҶݵԭ
ʿܵĴʿЩҵ
еˣûȥݾʿΪĸʿôɵĲȥֳ˷Щͨϰղ͵ӣ
ңĸʿº⣬ʿʵĴмںЩ˴򽻵
ԣǰݶΪõʿķˡ
ʵǲ֪ݵı仯ʵı仯ϣ˼Ȼʣͷ·ںϣôȻôĻȻһȴԵôر
һֵֺĸо
ǵ뷨ݲȥ¶ȣֻ΢ЦĵͷСȥ
ʱѾǴģݴ򿪵ſʼӪҵʶģ˿ĴҵĴ̡
ֵǣ̲ûдƹҴ
ݸоһ˿ĲԾüڵţ첽ĳȥ


274 ţ
ݵһֻŸո̤ȥͷ̵ִĵһƬңţҲ￴꣬ʶæ첽ȥ
⡭
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ʱѾ˯ȥˡ
ţһ߲ŴϵѪһߵţţȴ߬ȭͷһԲ
֪Ϊʲôݵӿǰδеķŭ⼸ʮѾܾûôŭˣ
ţҲݵĵݺʵĴк
С硣
塣
ţݣƺҪ˵ʲôȴû˵ڡ
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һĬȴĵĶʵɩӣţң׷ʲô£
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壬ˮһȺµĻ쵰ǵҪѣﲻϣҪִҵǷִǱ߰˸߸
ţǿۿˮߵ˵ʱҸպȥҪڵһҪƴˣ
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ͻȻ뵽ʲô¶˿飬εĿݣ壬ܰҶԲԣ֪԰ҵģ
ݿţ̾һţҪô㣬Ҫһ𣿣

ţȴҡҡͷᶨ˵ҪԼǣһʱһ壬ҪǿҪԱԼԼļˣ壬ң
ĬţôǰԼԹԼԱԼ
ţʹȴæǳţţҪ˵
С磬ţ£ƽϡ
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ţȴǵĻתĶ˵壬֪˲һòҶûбд˵еߣҲŲű˵ģ˵ʲôֻǺʿ岻ô򵥵ģ֮壬ţͽܰɣ
û˵ţĻ
壬ˣ
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ǣչһ룬ȴһεסˣţȴǸӵϲΪڵʵѾ֤ȷ¶ˣԼ壬ȷһˣ
Ӻɷжϥлƽ𣬹عĸǲ¹֪ô
ĺȵ
ţԣͷվֻȻÿݡ
һ룬ţȴ¶˿ĵЦݡ
ֻЦţʵļ򣺡Сӣ־ôãðɣҾͽһ㶫
ݵĻţϲ⣬Ҳôסˡ
ʦţһݣţæҪ£ֱס
СӣʲôʦһС塣
ȴЦ
ʦ壬ɲԽһҪȺˣ
ţϣɵ߬ȭͷͫ¶˿ȺͿ˵
ԡݵͷţ˵ȴƵ˵ڡ
ţ˷ܾͬһˮѸٵȴͷɥġ
ǺٺһЦĻͷԵţͷһ£ɵСӣҪȰϵƺ˵ɡ
ݰѹֳƵոĻ
ϵܣĿκҵˣȵĿݡ
Ȼ֪Լϵܺͱ˲һǺദôãһʱᣬǲš
ôصƣ˵κþκõģ
İɣܿͿԺõġ
ݵһЦƤˣ˵ȷʲô
ֻһֻڴʵϡ
ݵһֳССһº͵ʼڣͬʱݵʶɨӴڣ鿴ơ
ݵ˵ĶˣţڴĿݣϣֺʧ


275 ͽ
ݵ£ڴ丵תţ֮ۿɼٶȻָǿ£ƿٵĻָš
һӡ
ȫ޸ˣݻѴǰľɼ֮ͳͳ޸á
ͬʱݲѴľ͹繮һĻԿ԰Ȼǣ޲ʹĶȹꡣ
ݸɴһݣ﹮ӹһ̥ǣʮ꣡
һУɵչһ½ǣЦŵ磬ɩӣڸܸܣʲôʡ
ףĲʹˣϵͺ֮ȫʧˣվ˱չһǣϲĹЦϵܣڸоԼǴʮѴҲһ
ţҲԼգβƺϵİ֮ģʧ˲٣˿ͬʮ˶һ㡣
ģС磬ʵ̫ˣ
лл㣬壡
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ݶǸлĻһЦ֮
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ݷǳ˵Ҳƭǣ˵ǣҪҪΪʿ߳ΪʿԺԶԶûеôǿôܣʿҪԸΣգвͻ𣬶ңҪΪǿʿضҪĴۺĥѣȷţҪ
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ʱȴͷˣңľ֮⣬Ĳ֪ĹңľĪУȴֲ׼Լڡ
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ĪҲģֱӵ˵ʵڻв٣һʿҪɹи⣬ҪһùʲôǺùùǸ߽׹ʺԼĹ
﹦Ȼ࣬˿ʺСӵĹֻ֣
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ĵȼߣѡˡݵ
Сӣ˻ӣ˵ˣʵĲõģתȻƷײһ㣬𡶱˿ѷɫҪһЩ


276 ת
ء
Īӣ˵תֲľǣÿһ㣬Ҫż޷ܵľ޴ʹʹͬĹֲΪԽԽߣʹԽԽǿʹĸоĹֲҿֲ˲ֹʮ౶
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ÿһ㶼Ҫַ˵ʹ࣬Ҫ֪ǰǹֲԼĥȥĸоڶ£⹦ʹ֮ȴԼĻҪǿô࣡
ǻǶôҵʹ࣡
иջ񣬾תһתһ棬Ϳͻһ磬˾תͿͻƷ壬Ϊˣһ辶ĹߵǼ·ߣȻҪ޾ʹ࣬ǳܹȥˣȴضͬǿĴڡ
ǿݵɴ۾
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˶սûйƽ벻ƽֻҪܹӮǾߡ
Ȼ룬ȴ뵽Ǽ˵ķ֮Ķһģ˵תʿռƣ
Īȴݵ𾪣˵һʿĲȥǡתķӣ룬ô޴ʹˣǵľѾ͵˺ֿµĵز
ҲΪ˿־ʹ࣬ʹáתƷףֻǶλƷΪֻҪɵͲȥѡ־ͬԲаĹ

Ҳһ̾治֪ĸţȻԴôֲĹ
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ܺãҲʼЩţĵʶˣţѾʮˣʵѾ䣬Ҳ£Ҫܵʹ࣬ӵǿһ㣬ϾڵĹ;Ѿͣڣͷİɣ
Уϸ磬ҲˣŵеɣҪտһµҲڿҪ̵ţˣ
ݿŴ
գǲܶģҪĴһɡһЦܾˣӣҪȥϵܿӰɣһæĹ
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Ҫĵ̺棬һж죬ڵһңȻӳ֣нƱסͲ̮ҲӰȫˡ
ȻˣҲͲݾͿʼļƻٵңڵʵҪһңֱ練ƣֲ½ͽơ
Щæݴʱ䣬ڴҺ˵ССƣݾʹţص˵ֱ̣Ӵҡ
ţڴʱڣֻ취һð취Ǿϴ赤ţϴ跥ǣڵʣȻ


277 ϴ跥
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ϧǣݵȴûЯϴ赤ҩģòȥһˣܿģѽһмҩģ˳֮ҩȫˣԱá
û˿ͣЪһʱƺϴ赤ʱѾǴϵˡ
ţϣһҪӣΪеת۵㣬㵽׿Ըı٣ҪԼˣ
ݰţԼߣ˵˵ڴʱڣصһϴ赤öҩĺôǿ԰ϴ跥ǣһɨô۹֮ȫһʺңԺҪܵʹ࣬ҲԼһЩ
ݰһöͨڵĵҩݸţţϴ赤԰ϴ跥ǣҩڼҲžҵʹۣΣҲҪȥ
˵ССʹȥô廹ȰΪϴ赤ʹ㶼ܲסôȥԺӾҵľתʹأ
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𺳵ǡ
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׼һͰˮԸţȥϴһӣϾϴ赤ϴ跥ǽ󣬻ȫëųڵ۹
ţͷ߳ңϴӣŰ۹ϴɾţԡͰг˯ȥֱһ֣ţ
ʱԡͰˮѾˣţȴûʲôоɿĴһѣһԼϲɵ¶˿ȵ顣
ܵԼ̲صǿκʱҪǿоǵ־ٽĴʯҲû˿⣡
оô
ʱЦ˽
ˣ壬ҸоԼھһʿǼٳҵǰһһȭͷ
ţͬõߵСһ㣬ȸԾ˵
Ҫ˵̫磬ڻûżʿҪǲ꣬ȥԸѾȥѷ׼ˣ극Ҿͽδ
Ȼ֪ţʱ˷飬ϾǰҲʱһţ
ﰵ룬٣뵱걾ǰ챻Ī쵰ţǲ˻һ㣬ǻԼҲͲƽ⣿
ţ֪ݴʱ뷨֪ţΰ˶ʲô뷨
ݴţ˵̣Ȼ׼ȥҳԸʱѾˣѾ˳緹ʱ䡣
ݺţո߳ʱ洫ҵľʱˤһ㣬ʱ˵ɫͬʱ˱䡣
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ˣˣСҲǺǵģջǸͷ꣡
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۷׷ףտʼǲҿ֣꼰㣬ݳҲһΧ˹ȥ
ȴЩţļ٣ͬһ˹ȥ


278 ݵɱ
˻ûеǴѾ˳˵Ķ
ģӹǻ׳ʵǰոһ٣ôָֻˣģô㣬᲻ˣǲǿʲôҩˣ
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УһڡӡӡģֱüͷҲˣ⼸쵰ǰѴ˵ˣ
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ȴæܳݵıϵʱ
ϵܣôˣʮˣ
Ȼ֪ʿ򸾻ǲģҪߡ

ţۿỨڴת·ⳡϴ跥ǻҪеʹࡣ
ӣߣ²ţ
ҲߣţȴҪݣʮ˵ǰ
ʱϣٴ˼˺ۡ
Ҫ
ݳ˵ڵһ˿
Ⱥ飬ȻԼеգˣʵԼûȥǣǾȻ
ݹϷţֱʮδӭȥ
ݴ˷ٶôһסˣΧ۵ˣʮͷˣҲȫһЩ㶡
ôһݵķ·Сӣ͸ҺǶŸɣ
ʮͷҪЦ
ǶعˮģԶݸ˽⣬ҲЦˣϾһֻ޳֪顣
ΧҲһҪ˭ù
Ǳʶϣݿ԰ѸͷݺݴѹһΣΪɣһݵƷãĵ⸫ͷ˶ڣҲ۸ǡ
ϣСӣԼһԼҪǿͷ
Ϊ׵ǸˣԴټһɷı飬ܱ뺷

ȫʵұ΢΢һ޴Ŀɽļϡ
⶯ټʱΧľҲΪһġ
΢΢һ䣬ƽĿ£ƽУſµĺ⣬ɱ
⸱飬øͷʮ˸еЩ죬ǸģȴǷŭ
ΪһֱӵĸоҪȥ͵ôãɨǵ磡
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СӣȻǰװֵǣҶ
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ϵܣܣ
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壬Сģ
Աĺ˲ɾѪȵһ棬ЩС˼סԼĿ
ֻǷǳ֣Ϊʲôһβֻ޷ųأѵֻֻʱݵߣѾˣ
˵ǳķḻⲢӰʮ˵ɱ
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ݵڣȻһǿƣ˿ûԥѹȫʮѹȥ
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ۡ
ʮֱֻеԼǰֱӱУһѪȪǵӣͺľ׮ֱһ㣬Ӳû˵¡
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ݲȥ֪ʱôģֻ֪ȺˣҪֵȴ
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΢һЩ촷۱߸ɢؼ䣡
Ҫнҵ򡭡
ݺĻû˵˭֪³ԲùҪȾ޸ѹ
ʱ˿̣ʮ˵ĳӶˣ棬־塢ںޡ
ٸнʵѾôںްգѾʵˡ

ٴһӣֱӰķʮɣ
ʵе˶֪Ҫȡǵֱ練ƣȴΪʲôҪе˶ˣ
ʮδѾûյ磬ԭҪû뵽סˣѾ֪ôˡ
أȥɣ
Ϊ׵λͷδ󺺷·һ㣬ججĴʮȥͬʬһ㡣
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ļˮľǣ̸۵ִ˲ƣȴڵĽ̵ţ
¼룬ҲȷϣԼϵܣȷǿʿͬʱҲΪԼţҵôһʦοѡ
ˮ粻ˣҲ׷׺ʹҪûµģܻᵽҵ֮ģʵڹ׽飬ϣԺʹϺãӶմϵʲôϵ
֪ݺʹĹϵΪҪãһʱ䣬Ĵ̵⣬ȻҲ˲١
ţڣϣԴﵽһ㣡
ݿţĶ˵
ǣţһŬݰѴһЩСŽ̸ţͬʱϾתʱţѾ֪˻ʱ䣬ҪԼȥ
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ȴһЦΪҲԼ֣ЩޣҪԼȥ𣿣
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280 ׾Թ϶
Ǻãʱ䣬ֻҪڴڼڴﵽһ㣬㹻ʵȥɱˣΪϸǱ˵֮𣡡
ݿţЦ
ģһﵽģ
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ݵ˫֮ɫһ˭ȻҶţֱ֣
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281 
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߰ϢʱңҲ˵ݼʱڣʹ߰˴ң֮һϢҲҿѾﵽ˶ɽڵľ磬ĳԲֲֿģ
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ģ˺Ȼײʣ쵰ֱͷڹһΪߣϾȻôһǣӽͲ᲻㣡
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ʵڿֳһ˲䣬Ȼٴ뵽Ǹɫʿ˵ĻţǷŤĳѾ³һš
һҪɢԧļһ
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οڣԼĵӱ˼ôңʦģеһŭǻȼգ
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282 
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ҿΪǿסǹɳĳ嶯
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284 ȱ
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ޣˣУðǵҲйʡĵʱҪңɣǼסˣ
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ݷֳһ棬һԼٺֱЦȱ
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ʦţ˵ŲǶһеʦֵܴˣȻҵ˫ۣʦҪΪֹ


285 ſһ
״Ϥĺܣֻû˸ղŵţ·Ǵ޾ί
Ǹʲô״ӣģȴִһ㱯ݺίĶԱߵĺ۵˵
Ǻ۵ǸͷӰǳӲʣ͸ߴʮ࣬ŭ
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˵ôľ֪Щٿѱ磬ʡһ㷴Ҳûá
λѣƶ֪ͽ˵ʵʵ
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286 
еĻŵĵǣǵҲƵˣ̫СݵĵˣݷʥҲҪ֣
ݺ¹˭
ƽϵʥݴδӾ¹ǰԴʥҲĻηȫ¡
οſսʲôҲʶԪڳڵʱ򣬾͸Һǿսˣοڣ
Ÿ˳ʦļӣ»һŭֱ֮ӰŸɱһ
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Уұȥи̣Ҿͺƴˣ
ţҲǿѹסڵƣսĵط˹ȥҪѾϾǽ֮ɫæ˹ȥ
㡭

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ʶԪΪɽٺڶֵסݵĹƵȻӸһЩͻˣղͬǶɽǿߣֻһֻžͿ̤Ķɽٺڣ
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Ƶģ˿ݣֿ˿ԼеӣǸеı飬һһףһ۵ʿҾһ쵰£
ҾǻеڶҲǴϣһΪǶɽٳǿߣ
Ƶ׼ʲôˣֱӸһȺŹ
Ҳ⣬˹˹ָһ䣺޷⣬ɣ


287 ˳
⡭⡭
ϵľסˣãŽͰ͵Ķţ˵ţ壬Ȼ⡢ôĶ֣
ţҲӵɵùԲͷƤֱզࣺҲ֪Ҽô̫ǿˣ˵еǿߵĴڣĶ֣
ԣʲôҼǶôֲǲ֪ǿģôܴӮأٺ٣
ţҲǳ𺳣ôҲ֪ǿ֮ĸǿǼſսڵ۷ǿ߰
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Ҳ˵Լ壬ȻǴ˵еľ֣
ţɵĸоԼǻڣӿһԺ·ֲݣԼһ

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ɫâѹסأѹסǳ
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ʩþò
˳ʦȻ֪ݵ뷨һۣתЦݿ䡢º͵Ķݹ˹֣ȻǰƽȵԴ
˳ʦⷬٶһûƵҾǹŵһģǴʱ޾ɻ𺳡
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ǺܿĴͷƵȻԴУһƺίĶ˳ʦ˵ʥʥãʥǻֹ
ס죡
Ƶ˵˳ʦȴĻǣйֲ죬ƣ飬Ȼˣ
˳ʦĻƵȻһæͷ˵
棬ȴ־ŭʲôݣȻʥ˵ŭʥ˿ӣԼôҲ˳ȴӵ棬ݺݰԼһ١
Щȴŭԣʥϣݲȥ
Ҳޱȣ˳ʦôˣȻ첲ȳգƵļſսʿԣյ˵˳ʦҲһǡ
տʼΪ˳ʦʵֹԼģΪ˳ʦ֪ԼĪ
ԼҪǶŭſս綼ꡣ
˷龰ֲ񣬲ɵģҲȤĿ˳ʦҪ˳ʦģ


288 ˳
Աߵţǿճ˳ʦ֮ţѾ𾪵˵﷭ʵڲֿݵ˵ģ
ǽ죬ǿҲԿһ
˶ǳé®СʿرţǰֻڼݱЩתת֪л֡
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ĵţĶ˵ţǸУſսǿߣǼſսػǰʦ
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ţûоҿԼǿеѹסˣȴ𾪵޿ɸӣſսǿߣػ
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ģʲôˣȻһͷæ
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ҲԼﻢ£ЩԽܵݻǻӦģڼſսסɡ
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ݵѣҾڴˣ˵һллˡ
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е˶ɻ
Ҳһ㶣ŷӦȻ˵ǰָĪС
Щ˳ʦԼǣҪȥĪУֻĪɼֵ˳ʦ¸߹ͷ­


289 ͷС
ڣһֱڣôˣ
΢΢ͷװ¶ɻĶ˳ʦʵһѵ𡯵ı顣
ܲҼλǰһ棿˳ʦһЩģ
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ԴˣֻƲƲ죬Ը̲ѣҪŪһ·ɧŶԡ
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291 пı
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292 
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293 
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޳ἱٵžણֲһ˲䣬ϿշƱɫХ
˫޳·۾ӾǻۣӸµĸˣٴη궼еļǣɫĵͺ¿ϴҲͺ¿ȻҰѱڵصµģؼգһҪȫ𣡡
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Ǻˣ֪ѵǼ飬Ҳˣ

ĪͻȻ쳤Хȴ𻰣ֻĿŴɱȻڣ
ǣҵѪ尡Ȼôڤ粻飬ôڣѾȥӣһȥɣ
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296 Ľ
ʲôֻɵΪҲǽѪ֮żѣΪΣΪķ򹥻ôǿ
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ݵһη֣ԭԼôСΪԲǣ֮µķ򣬾еϢе˻ϢԼԽԽ
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297 ʮ޺ħ
ǲţȻһƺѾ֮ˣоеԭ򣬷·Ҫˮʯ
ǰѪԳԼΪ𡯣ңȻֻΪˣԵȴԶԶΪȻﵽ˴˵еġ뷨ںϵĿֲ磬ң֮ںϣһж˵ѵ
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ԭ㣬㻹ûԭˣ㲢νѪˣʵѪ˵棬װһ꣡
·ھϣͻȻܵ˾޴Ĵ̼ȻĪʼĺ˵һЩͷԵĻ
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298 
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һ߳Ī籩Ĵһ߼źݻ
ʱȴͻȻһȻ߳ᶨĵĪУ
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299 ը
ӣСһѾˣ
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301 Ӳ
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ݴʱ΢ĻһΪǸܵԭҴܡĴŰʼһֽתΪ֮
ոת֮ټǰɽٺ֮ʼһˮݲƵţĻָݲصơ
ɹˣȵָԺ󣬾ͳɹﵽɽٺǿˣ
˳ʦϲ˵
ڽ飬ǸﲻæʵҲҪæΪʹˣݵƲȫָΪҲһжˮɵ顣
ڰĵİݷһߣȻ
ǾѵΪΪɱô˲Ѫ׷ѵ
ʱҲΪǱǧɵĶϳᣬֱڵ棬ҳһӣһڴš
Ȼ͸ղ˵Ĳ࣬˽ڵĿᣬһڽ۵ģƮƮ
ʱĴѾʧȥʮ޺ħҲ˿һ¡
̫ˣͻ
Īǰ󡭡
˳ʦͫ΢΢һϵĴҪ֪û
ֻСûȻںǱӦϳе꣬ûȫ
Īг˵
˽ŵķ컭ꪣҪٴγȥѾҪĴҲ׵ʰˡ
ǣĪȴоԼѾܿˣĪһûмЪĿըղԭ˵ǣٴμ˼֡
ȻʱĪУϿûд󰭣һжڣȴѾһͿ
Ī΢΢Ҫ
ǣոһʱǻڱסһѪҪӿ˳
ҿĪǿпƣǿѪȥ
Ѫǣǲ⣬ϾԼԭ壬϶ȱͲټķѪӦķһǿжֵ£Ȼ֧ŲסǱѾﵽһ磬ʩչѪķ򹥻
Īһûйһ磬ȴûкʵʩչ
ףûǡ
Īһ飬ǴԭһĶϳᣬȻ΢΢һ£󣬴૶ϲʼ˳
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㣬ΰġңȴֻ⸱ټϸղŵƴѾ˰ɣһƣǣ첻վκβҵġ
׼ڰɣΪ˵ΰĴȥڣ
ȻУȴ˿εĲ
˳ȹѹ£һдۣȵϢһٶ֣
ŵĻĪȻŴǲķŹңĪжԴűɱľģ
ʹ֮ĳޣ죡
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˳ͲƴǣȻڸղάִʱѾҪƣˣ棬˳ʦȴ˸мΡ
Ϊ飬ԭģĪֻǳںæȴôĴۡ
ĪкǰֲʲôԹ֮ģ˳ȴȥܣҲԼԭ
Īжµ˿Ծܾ
Сͺ¿ˣҲκαǣңԽԽûˣȻҪСЦͺ¿
û뵽ҲпԿáңôǱһʱ򣡡
ȴǴЦЦгⲻмͷ̣
ĪĬ
ݳѿ֮񣡡
˳ʦһȴȻ⣬ѴǴ̶Цϡ
ף߿֮ϵĽƣȻѾɹ٣ΪλٳٵĲԸɢȥ


302 
ĪƳƳϣȴȻ֣ݵǽƣȻѾͣˣڼķƣֵǣҲûһ㣬ɢȥ
ֵĪЩ졣
ʱ
ˢ
ݵڣȻ伲һҫ۵ĻӰӣӰС˭СһĨ쵽µĺɫ磬˲仮ƳգڴϿգ
ĪпСֵĵһۣѪɫ˼󾫹һﲻɵЦСӣģ𶼾Ȼˣôһˣ
뵽⣬Īæ˳ʦ˳СУ£С군ˣ
һѵĴսĪж˳һ˿øУҲͲƺ˳ʦΪͷСޣĵĸһƺƺΪСС
ƺôǺһ㣬Ҳûкõȥ

˳⻰˲䣬ɵķһɻСĳʱ뵽ĪеĻȴ·뵽һЩʲô
ţ˳ǹԹԵĳ£ֻʣСϿա
ιСͺ¿ôˣôˣ
ţţֻŽ׵͵ĳģڶűģѵҲñƽʱ۸۸
ҲϿյС죬ɵֵĵ
ѿ֮ǿģԿ仰١
ĪȴĿС죬ߺССӣ㣬ɵֻѻС񣡡
𡭡
С췢ĺǳԵĵ˵ͷȻ˦һм
䣬׼ٵʱѾ˺УѾԸС죬ֻҪɽٳɹȴȻûĻôСͼͷ٣
һκ䲻㣬ô٣ݾͲţ䲻
ԣСʱ򣬹ϵĳˣ
ֻ΢ĵ͵ޣһס㣬Ȼ˺㣡
Сıĵ񣬴һϣ죬޶ɽٳɺ󣬳ɣѪѪСľŽѪͳ֪Ҫ߹˶ٱ
֮䣬ǼΪѪͳλС磬ѪͳȻ߹󣬿Ǵȴɽеޣ˸߹ѪȻһ͵Ѫޣˣ
ôôܵˣ
СȴҲ˵е߹ѪޣСӵһ͸ݣȻᱻʲôѪ֮Ķ
ԣСѪͳĴѪ˿壡
𡭡
СȻͷ­޺𵴣УһɰȻ·췢ս
СҲȫƣȴڶȻ
˲䣬ɽڼ£
ѾڽСԼҲʧȥãСʱڴﵽ˶ɽٵҪ
ʵÿݽС춼ҪڵһʱɽҲһ
뵽Ÿҽ֮ȻϣҪ
ţ
˷ѾʶԴĻ϶ᶸȻɫ
Ҫˣ޴Ķϳ˼£ܻĽ˳

ʧ̬Īк˳ʦЦˣĪиֻĹЦֻС֪ˣ
ڣԭոõ飬һε˵͹ȣû뵽Լ¼˵ˣ٣Ȼ˵ڶΡ
ֻݺݳԼͣԼ˵˵ԼԼһɪڿɺˣ˰ɣ
֣СųȫƵʱӦȻ߿֮ϣžþδɢĽƣȻٴηƱãٴԽΪĻۣ
ֲڻۣһ׵Ѹٵ
ľҲûʱĲϳ£Ҫܣ
˳СУٴס
Īм״æԸ
˳ʦҲʱʱ̵̿ĹעʱҪܣ˵ʮ޺ٴηɳ֡
һӲӵĴ󣬶ʱѴΧס
˳޵˼ˡ
ĪгʱϽϢƣΪȻҪƴˡ
ʱڷɿĹȥʱ
꣡
ױأ޴ֲĽ׺Ȼ£
ĪҲȻ˫ڵƣѾָЩĪǿѹ²ʣĶŴ
䣡
£ͬʱСʹϣС쾫棬һ֮Ȼӣģٴΰ񱩵Ľףʱͬ˵鴤£ðŰ̡
ĪеƲˣȵɢǿŷȥ񱩵Ĺʵʵĺڴϡ



303 ǡ
䡭
ϣףΰһһһǿһĺ׺ըʱ
˳ʦջʮ޺ħȻĪһͬ˿
˿һ˲䡣
꣡
¡¡
ǣؽ֮£Ȼĳȥɣ
еһУǿƵ£ûκηģԭʼ촷ۣ
ǵĿУ޾ĳĪüһӣԲɵĻҳֱ类һ
Щʱգڣĳʼ£峺Ҳ
𡭡
һ񱩵޺Ȼӵص˳
Ȼ䣬ԭɵǣȻĿʼ
ʵѾܽˣΪԭǣѾһ޴ӣƬϺݺݲ̤һ㣡
ԫбڿҺʵΪĽѾڿ񱩵ıըҷˣ
ⲻص㣬صǣ޿ӵ룬Ȼ侹ȻʼҵĲ
ǡ
涸Ȼ俪ʼѣϸСѷͬ֩㳯Ĵӡ
䣡
Ȼ
ѷԽԽ󣬽ٿؼѣ޴ʯܱ䣬صǵ޺һӰӣȻϸ߿գ
С̧ͷ­·ɹˣ
ʱСҲû˵һζɽٵôСʱȫƤëѾյòˣѪδȻһһε
ҿǿᣬСӲҲǿ
Īк˳СȻˣȴ޴󰭺󣬲ɵһһ޻ۡ
Ϭģ·ѰҴӰ
ɢȥ
޴Ŀ棬ǧɳľ޴ϳѾʧտʼĪɫͬʱһ䣬ΪӶˡ
Ǻϸϸһ룬־òԾܣղٿ񱩲ټĪеǣƣûκεϣӶݡ
ңҲʱʱ̹̿עδӰ
ֻǵֲ̫ĪһʱֻŶܣǴ֮¾ȻЩ
ſտҲľ޴ӣĪæʶɨ˹ȥ
Ȼ˵յǲѵģڲûпӰһʼշŲ
Ҫô˳ȥôĽ᲻롣
Ƕſս磬ĪбˣǷǳ⡣
Īʶ˹ȥʱ
СѪɫ˫˼ɨ·һͻȻһţһ쵽£ѪҺļ𣬳޿ӷɿȥ
ɽڵС죬ı츳棬ѾΪֲļ𣬼ųƿԷһУɼ̶ֲȣ
ԭһĻ棬ڵ޿Ϻ󣬶ʱڵĿȼ
͡
Ȼȼеĳʯ˲仯ޣҷ
޿ڷ֮£ԽԽСȴҲйиŻ棬յ棡
Сڸ𣿡
ĪǽţһǵʶȴͻȻɨӵһȻɫ΢΢һ䡣
٣ԭ
Īк˳ʦףСΪʲôҪ»ˡ
һ޿ӵ봦ٴζһյĴӣֻдСľ޿ӣӣԵСһ㡣
п棬ʯڿٱţŵķգпһ˫޴ϳᣬڻзɿܽ⡣
Сî»棬أСѪƣ֮ɫ
˫ϳëѪⱻȼմֻʣ˴ľ޴ͷ˺СļηգͷҲûܽļ
ǿҲֻȼյֵز
СΨвĵİѻڣתһԾſͷµĹҰѪɫ˫ɷȴСĺ;裬Ķͷ
ͷͨ徧Ө񣬽׵û˿覴ãɢĿѣԵĵ󣬲Ʒ
СģֻСĳǵУֱӺû֧ţ͵ֵסķգڣٺ٣ֱӱֻʣǼܣ
ǣҲ˫ĶļѾղˣɣ
ĪϲĶС˵ԳǱǻٵˣҳ꣬ҲѾ𣡡
ӡ˽ӽڷӡĪкǰŵɪôãȴһ³վǻˣ
С³ǣⲢûн


304 
Īв֪Ϊεģƾһǻ黳գ૵
ֺ˵֪˶ġ
˳СУڿԲõˣ
Īƽһľ˳ʦ˵
˳ʦͷûмᣬϳᣬʳѰĶˡ
ллĪǰ˳ʦĵ˵
Īȴ˰֣С˵С죬ȥɣǣñ£ȻȵָʵͰˣ
Īп¶ǿС죬ɵ˵
СȴǲĪеĻȻʮֲʵĳһҧСôץӡҧա
֮þһа취ȴκβǡ
ʱС챻ŭˣһǻѪԶʱţ
𣡡
ŭĴһСһţֱӰͨ˳̵ǣֱûڡ
ⳡˣ
𡭡
ǣǸոձ̽СڣСٴηһ޺
ڷŭʹİ·ڣ˾޴ʹ࣡
ֻС̵֮ȻŤѪɫӾȻıͻţ·ʱҪۿ˳
ԭͽһƬȻٿؿʼڵģѿһɼǵѷ죡
һѪܵģѵĺ˿ڣʼѪҺڵϣѵȾ죬ȻɺԳɺںѪա
𡭡
Сϱųʹ˻ƵĺӺпóʱ׳˶ʹ࣡
С죡
ĪпСⷬεѣɵĴ󺧡
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ССӣû̵˼ҵʲôҪ֪ǿֻС˫Ĳ֣ǿа˼ˣ̺ĿֲԳ㣬ģҳԶĺи˰ɣ
ĪвϵСղ嶯ΪʮֵĲ
ȻѾˣĪεıԹҲûá
ĪǰڡǸô죿
˳ʦСʮʹܵģɵļеĿĪУʵ
Сݻڵʱ򣬾ѾνǴСĻ飬ȻֻһֻޣĵλȴԱֵܡ
ңСɱжУ˾޴ĹףҲ˾޴Ĵۣ
ڣȻֱʡ
˳ʦɵľһĻţСи̣ΣԺݣҲ޷
Сʱ𣬱˭ȥһжҪԼ
ĪдʱѾܲˬ鵽˼㡣
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״ææңĪֻнĿС޾ʹ࣬ȴ޿κļš
Īк˳ʦһЩǣСϣͻȻ䱬ҫ۵ĻĹâ
۵Ļâ˲Сסˡ
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СǰɵҲ군ˣѾȹҲоˣ
Īп˷ת磬ͻȻЦڴʱպС쳯ɽٺڽȻɽߵģʱǶɽ߿ԶɹٵĻԭɽڲĽ֮תº͵Ȼʼɽ߽
ңÿͻһ൱ڰǱֿһ֣ɽ߳ɹڻһǿǺ޸ƣ
ĪпС죬˵СɹٵĽҲǱû뵽СɵСǡóܲס̺ľ޴ǿҪѣӦСΣգʱĳС죡
С쵽ܲܳŹȥҪڣǽ֮׵תܺǿƻ֮ǿ
Саٷ֮ʮϣŹȥ
Īз·ڹ˳ʦڹС졣
С죬ѽŹȥ
˳ʦʹ෭С죬ҲΪһѺ
ȻͬĪϵһģСʱѾ˼һ㣬Ųпĥ
ڵȻѳһĿĵ˿ڣһ˲䱻Ѹٵĸǣſʼɿ
ѿϣѿϣѭȥ


305 
Сһһ˺ķεʹֱ࣬ͬӰС˫ս
ʾĻƴţСսŰ貣׻᲻ᱻ̺ĿѣҪһȡʤ
ⷬκӱĲпᶷãǽֲ£Сһڵʹûˡ
СѪɫӽȥ
ڣСﱬĻâֲиŬ£˺֮ʼѹƵС
СǱĻâȫѹסĿʹ䲻öСҲѿµ˿ڣǾɵƣڻâ£ɿ޸š
ǣСƤڳŲסıպ˹ȥ
СʶҲһ£˹ȥ
䣡
ʧȥʶĿƣСȻĵȥʵ̫ˣҪúõ˯һ
ʱƣ֮ѾȫѹƵҲûڵˡ
СĻ⣬ȫռС壬Ϧϼ˺âѹסȴûͣЪ˿˿ơǧĺɫߣʹȥСɿĲ˹ȥ
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ºˣһһޣȫʹȥ
Īк˳ʦ㿴ңҿ㣬Цá
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ţĪпһݣȻ˳ʦ˵˳СУȻֻСĳѾôˣǻȰݴȥ˵ɡ
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ͬݣֻҪȹľ٣ôڵͻԶתΪ֮
֮ǲͬεĴڣͺñһͭңô֮һ龵ӣֵ࣬ϾͿԿ
ӿ罭ӵȴֻתΪһСϪǵ֮в࣬Ȼ׼
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·˵Ƕǿһ˿ʵҲ㡣
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Ǵﵽɸ߶ȴȻֿ̿࣬Ͷʵβ׷ŵľ˳ʦе壬ҲܵȾĵıչ
ĪȴҲеʱ䣬վµԺ⣬ޱ߲񷣬˼磬Ʈ˾⡭
ΣݵƱһζɽ٣Ҫ࣬ѵʱ䳤˺ܶࡣ
㽫һº
ĵһ£ݲչǣҲǸںƵ
ĵһ£̴Ӵϱ絶ĳɨӣ
ţ
ԼһڣݲüԺһ˼üͷʼչǺڣҲ˵ԼȫˣôǸɶĴѵѾˣ
뵽⣬ϲɸֳϲЦݣ룬Ŭûа׷ѵġ
ݳСΪܹŮҵģأ
ʱݵķǽڣȻꡯһ¶һţŴ򿪵Ľ࣬Īе٩֮˳
һ޴ĻӰ˸һ¡
ĪйһС磬˲ݵǰ


306 ˯
ȻĪдʱǳ侲һž޲ɮģ
˫ѪɫȴǰˣͫһĨϲ֮ɫһš
٣ĪУ
ĪУҲ鲻Խ죬·𿴵Ѿõˣָߺ
ݡСεĪеΰǣһֵĵĪл쵰ôɺеģѵֻɶСѵˣ
ϻбɱֻСֱ׾١ּ֥С飬һǰСͲˣ
Īк޳ܵĺٺ˵һĴԲѣĲġ
𼸷ɫַǳӣʵأɱС󹦳ǱʵҪǶˡ
ŽţĪȻһ䣬ǻûаҭסʲôű𣬿űҲûã˵Ĳ㣬˵ǡС죡
ûдСؽףֱӰѴˡ
ݣ
Īүġ
Ī˲ĻҪĪиݺݵʺʮ˱䡣
߰ɣȻ㸴ˣȥͳСи֪һ
ȥȡ
ȴŷԼȫڣȫ۹ѪպȥƤ⣬æȥϴˢӡ
ȵݰԼӳˢ꣬ȻóһɫԼϵɮۻʱݲʩʩȻĪУǰ˳ʦéݡ
˳ʦ
˻Զȴȴ˳ȥ
֨
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ݵѣˣ
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ݵͷĶɽٺǿߣʱڵĺƵһѾ֮
֮һžתš
Ӳ壬ݵʵνǶǿһأҪǣݷ֣Լе·֮䣬ӵǢˣʱ԰Լء
Ĳ׽ؼı仯ʮһ΢䴦ѿ
һָоȹһ٣ľͿڽ׵ϴˢ£׵ĺںϣʱĴˣ
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ʱ˳ʦסݵ˫֣ص˵
ȷҪǳƾ˳ʦһˣͲǴĶ֣Ӻ̸ȥɱ
ôʱ򣬴ƿӡ֮ʱضͿ̿
˳ʦػߣ¾ˣҲҪˡ
ԣǰ˳ʦһæ飬˳ʦǡ
ݵѣԺҪæ㵫˵޷ֻҪ㿪ڣʹΪȴԸΪ֮
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ϣѵõĲԼһ⣬ǣЩģһŶ֪ͼġ
ĵģֱȴΪ˽ҧһڵˣֶ𱨵ˣֵðֵͬ顣
˳ʦȴ֪жȻݴûرʲôģݸоԼĸûмֵġ
û˳СУммģǲǹѵսѣ
ĪҲЦŵûϣĪеƢҲˣԱĮϣһĳˣȴһ͵ģûʲôǿ߼ӡ
˳ʦǺЦţȴͬӿж
ˣСأǶ𣿡
뵽ʲôƵģͻȻʵʻʱ˼ĸӦһԼڣС찲Լڡ
ǣݵɫȴ΢΢һ䣬Ϊ˼С죬ȴûеõӦǸоڵСϢƽ϶ΪС췢ʲô¡
С̫嶯ˣ
Īȴֵ²˵
ĪУ׷ʲôˣһĪݲɵһĻš
űţСӶֻŽҵģôɵ˴£
ĪеķϻݷһۣݲͷĪæ˵
СɵİСĳ̵ˣ򵥵˵ǰСҪȥˣûб̺񱩵ѣںôȶѾ˯ߡ
ĪаСһȫݣοݣ㲻õģСڵ״ǺƽȵģֻҪһʱѣҲѵʱ򣬻һҲһŶ


307 Ҫ
ĪжݼüŪһһ˵
ĪеĻӣĵĵǵȷ֮ⷱ»˼֡
Īǿ϶ƭԼģңԼҲоСϢǺģֻͬĪ˵ģε˯ߵС
УСⱿֻҪţҾͺˡ
̯̯֣ʾĪ˵ģԼһͲں
˽̸ǣǲ֪
ϴδĶϳᡢСֲ׺ɱһ˲䣬˵еɽ磬ʮȫͬĵطͬʱһʱ䣬𳹳һԹĿֲŭড
ңȺ΢ĴڣǵŰɣȵ֮ʱʹǵڣǣ

ݺĪһίĴ£˳ʦ뿪£˳ʦҲʼæؽǵ
ǺڽļУܵǰĴڴڱһΣѾΣҲؽ԰ʱˡ
Īǽڣʼţٶȵš
һĪӴ󣬳Ե̫ˣ˵ĪԼҲ˷ʱ䣬Ҫ
ȴˮϡ
ڼſս磬ݶԽˮйУǾͺñڼſսһҡ
뽭ˮ磬˿˰ſսľ룬ݵٶȾˣֻ˽ӽһʱ䣬ȻŰͣص˽ˮ硣
ݴӸ߿ȻһգֱǰС磬Լĵȥ
·ϵȻϤˣǶеĽݡС硯
ȻǶ֪ǿʿôҲ֪ݺʿĲ֮ͬʿͨˣǽġ
ȴͬʮºͣУǶʲôˣǳº͵ĶԴѣϹŴĲЦݡ
ԴҶС磬Ҳʮֵİ
һ·ʶǴкݾֱԼĵ̴̣ʱѾˣݴ򿪺ȥ˿ңСţ档
ٴγȥţȥֻѾɢȥո÷ˡ
һЦݹԼ̵ĴţȻ󳯴ȥ
߽̣ȴֵûˣضݼȥ˻ûе̸Ѿ˳
һЦ첽̤˽ȥ
٣ϸ磬ɩӣ
ݸո̤ӣЦѾ˳ȥ
ʱѾϵĴϱһ㶣ȻϲĿˡ
ϵܣ
С磡
ϲ˵
죬£˸ոȺ漰ʱкݵ
壬ˣ
ǰ
ֽݶЦŵͷ
ڽĵһʱ䣬Ϳ򸾺ţҲڣĸӱϣ׼Է
ղţĺ̸ҪߵĶ࣬ǻشȴ˵
һңڽˮţչţ
ĵôϲ쳣ϻοʲôģһֱΪţ²š
ȻҲ˵ʿƳµĲȺͨ˶Ȼ֪ЩһûбӣŵǿģʼնŲ
Ȼϴˢ£廹ĽʣǣȴȲˣûд룬ֻҪƽƽá
Ưͻݣֵúϲ£죬ֱӰڶΪ׼ϱĶ꺮ůܳ
ôţƺûУ
ݼţʹм䣬ЦŶţ
ѾõòˣҰôһᣬҵΪȻ࣬ѾǽᵤĲˡ
ţٺһЦش
ôһƣţﲻɵ߶˼䣺ţ˵㣬ȻҪȥ֪ﰡϣƽƽġ
֪ˣģðɣұֻ֤Ҫ˲ңҿ϶µġ
ţæο
ȴ˵ӣ˾ҪҰҺޣ̫ƣֻܸӵı۸ǰǱ۸Ļţ˵ȻˣҪúõİλᣬҪȥ۸ˣҲñ۸֪رǣ۸ˣ
֪ˣ
ţԹԵĵͷ
Ҳ˺ϼ
æԲԷʱ䵽ˣ극˵
˶֣ԷƵġ
ȻζȣݵȴζȻóԡ
ڣһٷ꣬ţʰ꣬Ҳ׼æȴ죬˵ϸ磬ɩӡ
л˵ĸˣݡ
ƽһ²飬װģĵ룬Ҫˡ


308 
ߣߵȥģ
һʱ仹ûݻ˼ԲɵĽ׷һ䡣
ϸ磬ҵ˼ǣҪ뿪ˣ뿪⽭ˮ磬뿪ϷȥԶĵط
ݳһ˿ݣش
ȷݾڸղŵ·ϣǶʱһֱ˼⣬뿪⡣
Ǳ뿪ſսģֻǳ⣬ΪݶԺʥŵʮ֮ڻص磬Ȼػ硣
ʮһζҲֻʱͣڼſսˡ
֮˵뿪֮ⷬԾȥ磬ʵеһԭ
ʮ˼֮飬ûʱĳʧԽԽŨˣЩ黳ͬһ㣬ʱԽãԽԽҡ
ңڼſսʱ⣬ݺʹദôãԽоĿɹ
ʵÿ졢ʱ޿̲Żȥ磬ȥǣֻһӰ
ֻǸͣҪͣʱĵôġ
ֻʮһζʼûб
룬ȥһҪȥۺΣֻÿֻܹԶǣѾ㹻ˡ
ʲôҪߣ
ڷӦɴӿݣһ㡣
ȷϰ߳Ȼݺʮ꣬Ӵʮ굽ڽӽʮ꣬ôõĸ飬ȴͻȻ˵뿪һʱԽܵˡ
Ŵǵ飬ֻпЦĵͷ
壬ܲܲҪ
ţ죬ҪȰݣȴϣţ£Ȼĵͱˡ
ţʵʵû˵
ȴĬһᣬͻȻݣϵܣʲôʱȥ
⼸ɡ
һ̾һһ㣬ʵһûвɢϯվҪֿһ㡣
С磬ôϵô
ţҲڡ
ѽ壬ٹ߰ɡ
ǰ
ݵĻɵĳҪȰ˵
ֻǱԿЦҪȥֻŵʮ֮ڸϻȥһ飬ңҵˣҵѣһֱӱܣĺ˼ǣҪȥֻÿ쿴ǵıӰ֪ǹú࣬Ǿ㹻ˣ
Ҳǵģʱ䣬һģ
ĬС
ȷÿ˶ԼҪ飬Щ飬ȥɣŵģȥѡûд
ֻ֪вᡭ
ϵܣѡǶԵģǵóԶļң
һ˼ݵļ򣬶˵
ģһԶǵǵģ
صĵͷ
ԭܻһϣȴͻȻЩƣ̸̸뿪˴ңصԼӣţҲݻصݵӡ
ҪΪݵһңĸ䣬ǵ
һϣݼûҲû˯ֻڻţǰڣЩ¹ж˶
һ磬ĳ˵̣׼һ⣬죬׼ȥ
ģûж⣬԰һӣ濴мСӣ˼
ʱ򣬴ȴҲڶ泯ݻ˻֡
ϵܣº
ԣһ˿ɻȴ첽ȥ
ϸ磬ʲô£
ݲɶԴ˵
˵
ݵ˵ͷŴӡ
ҽӣţҲ棬ɫݲ֪ʲôˣɵͷʵ
ϸ磬ɩӣʲô£
ϵܣԭ׼ʲôʱȥ
ȴ𻰣ֻǾֱʵ
ԳĬջ˵죡
ݵĴ𰸣ɫһЩһۡ
˵ѽ
ţﲻϵʾ⣬·ڣⷬɫãǶ˵ϵܣȻ֪Ϊ飬Ȼϣٶһһ£ô
һ£ѵǳʲôˣ
üһʱ䣬νֻǿŵı飬ȴǵʲô¡
ģôҲţ壬ȴҪȥˣȥ󣬿ڼ棬ͺˣԣҾҪ㣬ۿţĳɻ飡
һ󻺻˵
ʲôţɻ飿ݲûбһţǶͬô
ҵȻȥ̸̸ɣǾͰˡ


309 
ðɡ
ջǵ˵ͷҲһ£ţĺɻ飬ôһ£ۿǳɻ飬Ҳȴһ׮¡
ݴӦϲɫ˵á
ϵܣھȥ
һ˵һ߳棬ȥݵĵңţȥˡ
ݸɵĿȥ򸾴ҴææıӰɵ¶˿Ц
ʵǵǵС˼β֪أ
ǸղŵǷһԼԶһ£Ϊţɻ飬Ǵ飬Լģǻشڹȥ˵ȥ
Ҳһʱȥôʱ䣬ԱȻͷʡ
ңǷ򸾣ֿԳûԼȥᣬȥţݲȥ֪ǻô˵
ʣǿ϶˵һЩҪȥˣǻɻ飬ôԵס塯֮Ļԭģټϡ塯ñӸȥ
һԸһȣ¿ˮʮþȵˡ
ҲС˼֮飬˭ϣԼĶŮɼأ
ˣһŮǳ˻飬ԼģҲοˡ
ԼοԼ뵽
ȻݵϣʱĴ򸾵ġ䡯֮ţŤŤĳģСŮҵģСͨ죬Ȼʮɬ
һ⸱ģ֪ǵ¶ˡ
Ȼ磬óǳĸˣţЦһϲ£˵С簡ǵͷӦˣǾͿѡǳװɣѡʱգҲȴһ׮£
ͳˣ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ʱߺСȴԥһ£Դ˵壬£ȻȥţʦһҲи
µȷݶϷʦ֮ɽȷӦȥ֪һͶʦˣǶʦأ̸ֺТأǶԵġ
ݵ˵ͷ˵ûд飬ȷҪԼĳ֪ͨһ
ϣǣȻˡ
ҲǵѲ֮Ȼͬ⣺û⣬ʱϲʱ򣬻ҪЩ׼ȫأ
Ƕûзԣһů׼뿪ȥȺԼʦȳ
ҪҪһȥ
ţ׼ȥɵʵ
ˣҺܿͻġȴҡҡͷ
Ǻðɣ·Сĵ㣡
ţεĵ˵ͷһ
֪ˡ
ͷֻˮУĲ׽һĨһŵǺ͵ġ
棬ݸеЩȴ˵ҲÿڷʣûôϸȻЦĻͱ
ǿ˶ͬ˵£ֻʲôء
ҲһͷȥӣҲǼΪġ
죬졣
ԴӻȥȴڻѶûлݣǴ򸾺ţˣҲǸо˲
˵ʱ䣬㹻һĸˣȴӰ
ȻⷬǣȻĴңΪڼ䵢Щ£ԻƳЩʱաֵ졣
ǣһǸӰûп
ʱѾ²ʲôˣأһ⣬һǿ;зЩʲôȴˮʲôӡ
üǲ˯˯ŵģڼȻʧǵţʵҲܲȥˡ
ϸ磬ɩӣڼ쵣ĸûʲôãɣȥɣţһȥˮڣ
ڴʵڿȥˣǿ˵
ţôԼֶټҲϲҲóϲţģôһԧ죬ݿɲǱɢ
ݷ϶һϲ
ţȥȥﵽ׷ʲô飡
æţ˵
ţ
ţҲһ˿ɫʣ˵ͷͬݣڴεĿУ뿪˽ˮ磬ˮڼ۶ȥ
ˮھϷһСڣ뽭ˮ粢ԶֻңҪȻҲܺţʶݴʱٶȺεȵĿ죬ʹţһˣٶҲû϶١
ʱңݺţˣѾˮɽģ


310 ˮ
ˢ
ݵ¿ӱޣţһĻӰ˲ˮɽɽš
ˮɽܴҲǺܳԣͨطҪŨ˲١
ȻֻǸСŶѡ
ʶһɨѾˮڵľڣˮˮɽȺɽ룬ȻƲһڴڣֻ⻤ڴ󣬶˵ֻͬϷ
ݿ¾һǿҲ԰ǿƳ
ݽ첢Ѱģ˵ģȻǰ³ç
ԣݵƵֱӴ͸󷨣ˮڵУݣðǰݷˮڣ
ݵĻƺƵˮ𣬻صϢ
壡
ˮڣһ棬ݵϵĳƶʱɢȥת¶ϲЦݡ
ֻǶ棬ĸŮڿš
ݣ˭û˵
ѵĽˮڣǰͶģ
ˮȫŮӣͶʲô϶ɫģ

ˮڵĵݵĹɵĶ
һڣһŮʿ֮ɫһţ̺ݵ˭кĿģ
ţŮʿɿ뿪Ķ
ŮʿżǧˮڵӣƺƵĸȥ
ˮݣȴţˣȻĵȴţݷ֣ţʱЩţĶ˺
ţš
ݲɵİο
ǡ
ڴȻһмǧ˺ƺƵĳڰУݺţš
ˮˮ¡֪λѣкιɣ
Ůʿ䲻ůʮƽ˵
ֻ˵ʱȴϸݺţţΪһ۾ͿˣֻᵤĲΪֻݵΪȴ͸ǣָоݵΣյϢͺֻͨˣûƵġ
һ
ˣͨˣǿߣûġ
ԣˮʿŻ衣
ңղõʻǰﴫģǸǿߡ
ݿǺƵһȺˣӸµԼϿոԼʱҲû˵ʲôֻվڵϣˮʿǵˮӣʵҪҪһ⣬֪ŵĵӵûлţ
ݲʵղʶκ˶ûв£ѾϿյʿȫɨһ飬ȴûз
ɵģһѵ;ʱ⣿
Ļ鷳ˡ
ʵʻʱţҲʮֵĽţεĿˮʿ
ǣˮʿոݵʻȻ֮亮ȥҲ˲ʲôݿǿ֮ģԲûлذɣ
⻰ţɫһ䣬ȴûκεֻ΢΢üˮʿⷬóûлǡǡ෴ǣˡ
ˮӣ֪ܲǼ
΢΢һЦǰ˵
ģҲʦ㣿
ǣʦǵһǿ϶ҪʦĻ⡣

ˮŮӶָָ㣬ǲм
νţȴЩܲˣǵͨ죬ҪƵģæļʾο
죡
ˮӴеӵĻ˵֪˭ˣǾ˵ĽˮĴһɣ
ǣҪˣǱ츳ߵĵӣڲǰŵ״ԴƸˮڣףֻǸʱڣҪΪΪʦѾӦˣҲȨӦ
죬׵ӣǲҪ룬ҲҪƻ׮£ŵϣССԴģ
뿪ڣڿͱҲˣ
ţɫˮʿ仰һ˲䣬ˢıò԰ףߴ˶Ҳס
ݵüë΢΢һڵһ˿ɫ
ţ
°ͣ૵
壬Ϸһšţ֪һЩĶ˵УԿĵԱ
һţ
ٴ°ͣһţҲ൱ڲһţ˵ʵڵģĲ
˻ûߣˮʿŭҲ˼֣Ҫ˵һ㣬˼Ǵ״ӣԺգǲµˣ߲һһأ


311 Ψͼ
ǣ˵ײƶɢ޶ѣۼͥͨ˴ҵĿ棬˼أ˼һţ߸ϵĴڣ
ʵ˼ԪӤڣǸʲôţģǰᵤĲ㣬е͵Ϊȼֱһһ£ʲôţģҲҪ⣬ֱ룡
ˮʿ˿һ̣ţɫɷףⷬͬһĵУֱӴţģ̵ϡá
ԭЩԱţ˵ø̧ͷ
壬߰ɣ
ţӵûУʹͷһּ˵
ߣȥģ
ݳױŭɤţȵӺɷûУһźѵûȥԽҪţҪй֪ܶ£ֻ֪Աֻ֪ˣԶҲɲ˴£ѵûһԺʹűȼ磬ǣǲڵ£
ҪҪʲôǲܣϣûвܣֻҪԼȥ룬ȻΪԼȥܶȥŬûʲô
ڻ⸱ģôԱôԸʶ䣬ԺôܹʲôʸȥȢ
ҪĲλãµľģ
ݺɸֵĻͬͷһֱӰţѡ
塭ң֪ˣ
ţȻ̧ͷãѣùᶨĵ˵ͷ
ţˮʿˮǰ֪ڵʵұ֤һŬңԸ⸶ҵػһɣ
ˮʿݶţѵɫ΢΢һ䣬ٴţĻɫһá
ɷϣղݵһҲסˣݵĻģҲܵȾ
Ȼһᣬƽɫٴγ᣿ϣ᲻˼ҸģԼȡģ
Ҫ˵̣ǻȥ˵ҷȰһ䣬ҪʵʧܾʧܣҪ쿪Ҳǵ鷳ţҲĲǣŵŭСС̣Եֵס𣿣
⻰˳в
ⷬݻֱţò׹һαȥݿ⸱ģɵҡҡͷЩʹļףʵҲţ
ţСͲã裬˳ö֮γӰҲԱټԴ֮󣬿ӹء
ǸӸоԼСһ˽⣬֪ǿ֮Ա޷ƵӰ
ԱǼ򵥵ġ
ݾӸҪ֪ţıеôôһ
ţ˵˵ԼֶӼͽܣ飬ݲæ˭æ
ˮӣԣ˵ĵף֡棡
ſԸİССˮڣԽʸ֦ΪǼţκεĺôŻѡţ
Ψͼ֪Ҳϣ
ݿˮӣ˿ĽҴ뷨
ˮʿ죬ȴ޻ȷģ磬ôʵˮڿԺˣôˮڵĵλһ󲽣
磬һΨͼôΪʲôˡ
ڵӿˮʿˮʿֻеڵӣֱӶԼģԼ뷨һࡣ
Ȼݵ΢΢һ䣬ǺãȻˮϲǿΪϷôǾͺǸһ棬㲻ҪǾˮչ˺ǵǻģ
ʴЦץסţȻһΣգʧ˵ڡ
ɫЩ԰ףΪڸղţǸղŷоݻ˵һ˲䣬ݵȴȻ䱬һơ
Ϊֱӱɫ԰ףѪӿˣЩˮڵӣܹվŵģѾûм
Ȼǿߣ
ˮʿ¶һ˿⣬оݵΪǺŵҲӦò϶١
ɵģһЦˮҪ鷳ˣǿߵм䣬ⲻˡ
ˮʿ漴һ룬ģǸΪǿǱϾǹһˣû˼ţȴһȻ
һɢޣôűȡ
飬Լ֣ȥǰס㹻ˡ
뵽ˣˮӷɿķһֻǧǧɺףǰһ飡


312 Ϸ
壬Ҫȥ
ӰϣҿţΪԶӰ첻󣬿ǣȴݸղŵǷ
ʲôһǿΪϷʲôǻģ
ţһɻ
Ȼ֪ˡ
ЦЦȴûлشţ⡣
ٶȼ죬·ľڷӣţ޷۲쵽ΧľֻģһƬзӣֻоԼ·Ѿͼںһˡ
ˢ
ʱţȴͻȻͣ
߼У߼С
ӡڷɿʩչ߼С
ǼſսϷмʱţ۽ʱˣţͬǰݡԶ߼һ㡣
˺𺳣ԭϻط
ֻϷмȴǰݵһοǸмҪ
ңҲӵķӦоС
Уݴţ˽ȥȻһ߹ţһ߸ţһЩ飬ʲôʲôҩ֮ġ
ţն٣ҪԼԡ
ѾҪţʶһ´棬ĵʶһ㣬۽һ㣬ʱȥģҲԿ
мһݿʼ˰£ֱӳһȥ
ңֱӴֱʵһǧƷķʮ鼶Ʒķʮ鼶Ʒ
һֱʣֱӻӻＸһСɽСľʯ
ȴ۾գһ£˿ʹ
ţҴ̵ƹĵЦ£ְţһĴ͸һƷʯԺ󣬾Ҫˡ
ݵ£ţֱɵۣʿȻ֪ʯļֵһƷʯģǶô޴ĲƸֱӿһСһʲˡ
ţ𺳵Ļں棬ݰзȫװУȻ˵ֱӱڵĵҩꡣ
Ųĸ¥̣ȴƽ̤˽ȥţսսĸں棬˺ĵ̣ţһЩԱ顣
ȷĵҩ¥ƣʮֵİرǵǿţǸũ˽һģϸǹֱӵĲм
ֱ̨һƿɽٵ˦ʱƹɫˡ
ƹĴƿŵŨҩ㣬ϸ۲쵤ҩɫƷֺɫͱˣôõҩһеľ飬ڵһ۾ͷֱһƿƷ׵Ķɽٵ
ܹƳɽٵǿҩĴڣνǶž
ƹĶЦݣϹϾͷĶ˵λǰ֪ʲôɵЧ͵𣿣
ƹֺõĻʱǵĻɫ׷һ䣬Ƿ̺Ͳм飬æתʮ𾴳ݵĿˡ
ЩǣһĲԹɫղƹһϵеĶֱƲ˲Ĵ
ЩССĻƣҵɪ
棬ǲɸ̾˲ò࣬˿ôףû뵽ôţһ۶ƹģϹϾġ
ݶǵķӦȫ۵ףЩмûа취ֻҪʵͿӮñ˵أǣô˼ӭģǳм侮ʯ
ţȴǵɴ۾ղۿƹİͷ­̧ϸߣûۿһۡ
ǵԼóⵤҩƿʱʱǸƹ̬ȷ˽Ȼı仯
ӲмֻΪƿҩ
ţͻȻĿѾܵĴڡ
Լǰͷǿ佻ãԺͳȻĴڳΪѡ
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313 ˭졢˭ǵأ
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һ䣬ͻȻղ˵ȣһһأûдߵȷһһأڣҪ㿴˭죬˭ǵأ


314 Ҫټ𣿣
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316 ǿΪ
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ݺ˳ʦĽ̸ڳѾȷǰޱȵݣȻʹ˵еʥϽ飡
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318 
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ƻǵĺº󣬾Ȼǹμӻ硢ϲƣ⡭
ͺñȣ׼ƷһƣȴǿаѾƶ˹Ȼڰѵһ֮󣬽Żû꣬ͻȻЦеĶҼңҺȾưɡ
־飬о֪ģһһףӲļһ˿ѿЦݣģһģ
ģӦʥҪ佻õһһţô𣿣
˳ʦҲһ˿գﰵ룬һǹݵģղŻλεĴֱӳͱˡ
󣬴ʱģѾǰˡ
ţˮʿеˣҲһ亹ţνǶ˶󷢿Ȼʵϲûܴܵ˺һˡ
һӶǵãôһͬ΢ЦħĴڣ˹ºͣʵֶκԲǡ
õ˵ĿУһǡƣ
ţܺãǿˣ
ݿɲ֪ӡֻǶ˵ͷʾȥˡ
ǣ
æͷæתڵȥ
ǣݺ˳ʦǣûпתһ˲֮䣬ɫ÷ɿ죬ԭϹϾϣʱһܲ˿ƵĿɥͬع뷿ԹʮԹ飬Զᱼȥ
ڰŵ֮ŵתصԼЦݺ㣬Ȼſˮˡ
ǣݺյǣԼôºͺı飬ˮڵÿһˣ¶ɫ·𿴵ħ
Ц΢΢һô֪Цݣˮ˵ȴѾ˶ħươ
ʱˮ˶еݵĺ磬һģ


319 ͽ
ˮɡ
֯һԣ죬Ҫ˵
ҶǰҶˡ
ˮʿ˵Ͷݿߵͷǰ֪ˣҰɣʲôӦ
ˮʿûйݲüʦôӲ׸ơ
ݾҲʲô
ˮʿôʦôԼţڶϱˣʦҲԼˣȻղˮʿźԼԣȴΪ
ڣⷬģվһ˿ŭ˳
ģ֪ģʿҪһ̩ɽѹİǣľ̰׸ƣ֤˴ѹôãҲΪľʸ֦ˣʵ
ݺɸֵŭ
ˮʿͷһ٣ȴһսսأ˿
⸱ģƽһԼľҡҡͷˣЩ˰ϰߣҪı䣬ѡ
ˣǶɣ
ˮڵ˺ˮʿæվȻ󹧾Ŀݣһӷģ
ݸɴ˦ǣȥᣬֱӱʵһ飬ԸԸ޸ţ
ڵһºˣ͸ƻǵ˵ͷ
ǺãǾȻȥѡһɻĺӣ
ݷǳ˵ĴЦһӣжɶѵķҩоʯˢˢȫһεĿֲƵˮʿǰ
ˮӣ˵˵ţƸ£ڳɻʱգһոģ
ֱӹϵ˵ˮʿ˿
ʵˮʿҷҪǣҲҪʵǷǳϲġ
ΪݵǿѾİңȻſսʥ𽻺ãԼ˵һ¡
Ϊֻʥһˣ͵еùǧеţʥǰΡ
ټݱʵǾУ
ԣݵǿǰӴģŶҪ
ȴţ壬ΪٶԿݶţǳ谮޸ţôˮǿһɽ
ˮʿ뵽;˷ܣһ뵽ЩݸղŵĽѵȫ׵˾⡣
ʲôţʲôһţʥǰȥɣ
ˮʿֿ˻֪ƣϲұֳ
ϹϾĵ˵ͷͷʱǶѲƸϣӿ޵̰
ݺ˳ʦϲ˵Ƕˮʿıķﶼɵҡҡͷ޿ɾҩˡ
ǣҲ޿κΡ
˳ʦ׵飬Ҫ鷳һˣ
ݸɴˮʿת˳ʦЩΪĶ˵
˵˵ôİ˵ʲô԰æģ
˳ʦݼ˼ۡ

˳ʦļϣǾͺðˣ˳ʦ㲻Ļ԰΢һţҺˮ𣿣
ݵĻˮʿûи˵
ȻˣţûгףݾȰˮˣԺʥ˭ˮڣˮڷʱյˣ
ˮʿϲѡ
˳ʦüﲻɵ²ۣģղţƤˣѰˣ
˳ʦȷǼſս𣬿һݣſսػ
ܲΪ˰ݣȴˮʿԼȥٻɣˣԼʥ𣬻ܹʥôΥʦŵѵ
ǣݵֲþܾ
һʱ䣬Ϊѡ
û뵽ȴһЦ֪˳ʦĹǣ˳ʦ𼱣˵ʵ˵ڲΥԭǰ£һˮ˵ҽˣɷȥ
ңˮӣ
˵˵ţͻȻˮʿ˵ľѾ̰ȾѬ֮£޵ߵľƻԣȰ㻹ʱְͣλչǱޣԼľȥ˵
а߽
ϵֱӰθϣ
ݵĻˮʿɫ˱䣬ҪƱ磺ǡǰ
û
˳ʦȴҲĿĴĻҲˮʿӦ̱չأǱ޵ӦѧǸˣ̰Ľٻ
⡭
ʥ𿪿ڣˮʿֱûˣȫ·˲ɣһûʹȥ
ղŻϲ飬ʱɢݺ˳ʦ˼ĺǱλڶչء


320 
˵һչأ˵һ㣬Ǿ˼ǰʾͷ
ˮʿ⸱Ƿϵģݺ˳ʦҡҡͷһ̾ȻвʣԲģ
Ҳˮʿܹʲôˡ
ɣˮʱչǱޣ֮λʱΣţԺҲһѣúõİˮڹã
ݷˮʿ׾ˣʣûеĵˡ
ˮҲ˵ûƭ˵ģ
壬ҲŽᵤڵΪ¶Թһ£
ԼʦǷϵģһʹɵҪȰסݡ
ȻˮʿйǿԵѹȺǿ󣬿ǣˮʿϾһְģȻйԹǸжģȴԹŨ
޷ʲôõ飬˳ֱӰ˦˳ʦ
˳ʦ
˳ʦ΢΢һЦȴü̲ѣݻ쵰ʲô¶ƣ㵱鷳רҵմ
˳ʦûȥݣܰĵģǻᾡȥĵġ
˵ȴƿԣҲûкõƳ١
Ȼûˣôţ
תͷȴţ˵Ҫһ
壬ʲôţʵ
ȴֻһЦһ֮ϣͻȻһɫӡǺӡʲô
ӡһҫ۵Ľ˼ɵȥձɫڣǿƺɢ춯أ
ɫӡƷСӡҪãȻص˼УȻϺӡϷ
ݴ˻һ˵һĸζס
ţƷǿ
˳ʦҲֱֱķһֱۣҲ̫˰ɣ˴ŵûмƷ㵹ã͸һôߵεĶ
Ҹµǣϵķӡ
ӣ϶ԷӳԽǿʵ
ţɴ۾ŴºЦݣЩţû뵽ԼôţֱӰѴ˵ƷķԼ
ţͷ壬⡭̫ˡ
СӸҿʲô⺶ӡҼʮ꣬ϣųµĹʣ
ºһЦһǺӡԼʶĨʶĨ⺶ӡ˲֮ݽţ
̫ˣ
ˮڵ˿ˮҪˣңǶ֪ˡ
е˶۲ĽҪﲻּʣСӣôôã̯ôõһأҪҲôһ壬Ǹöѽ
Ҳô룬ֵһǣǵҲаֵ˼
տʼ뷨һ죬ΪˮڵһֱӳչƹǵĴڡ
أʲô뷨Ҳûˡ
ſս˳ʥټϻһǿһ̵壬˹İ
˵Ҫˮŵĵλ¶û˸
ǵС˼ݵĴֱ£ѹȥ
˭֪ţȥǺݺʥȥ
ſս磬˭Ҹȥ
ͺðˣˮʿλˮڣˮƹһڴСˡ
Ϊ˰ȫΪ˷ֹСˣصصţ˵ϣٴμһ硣
⻤磬ûжɽǿߵĹܻʱݾͿԮˡ
˳ʦȻȥóɻӣʱ֪ͨ㣬ɷȥ
ݺԥİѷĲ£˳ʦ
˳ʦε̯̯֣ðɣľʥõ
˳ʦ£ݺţȴһص˽ˮ磬˴򸾡
ȴûϸİľ˵
ֻģɵĶԴ򸾵ˮһЩС鷳ѾƸҲѾȥʦͬǶܸ˵޳Ż¡
ھͲѡȥӭףȻѴھϯһ١
ֵúϲ£죬˵á
棬ûа뷨˵ҪΪţһĻԺļ
ѡӵ飬ͽȥˣ֣Ƿһ¾ѡʮ˵ӡ
Ϊ˵һǽõա
ѡˣͺðˣʮ˻ʮ죬㹻ʱ׼
Ҫĵһ£֪ͨ˳ʦˮǣ


321 ʼ
ˮڣţûиһΪ֪ͨˮǣţӡ
һʱڴӭӡ
壡
Ķݾһ
μǰ
ˮڵӣҲĹһ
ţɣ
ʾȻˮڵļ߲㣬ˮڵ¡
ݺˣϷ࣬ݻܣɨһִڵŮʿˮʿڶ˼⣬ˮڵ߲ȫ롣
ˮأҲɣ
ݲɵĶ˵
Ȼˮʿڽܳͷ˵ôҲʦ״£֪Ӧġ
æԸȥˮʿ
һᣬڣɫȹˮʿڴ⡣
ˮӣ
Ķк
ˮʿԣϷٵһ˿޺Թޣ⼸챻ڶ˼ˮʿվһ˿ģ
ԼԭΪ̰˱ˣû뵽λöܲ𣿣
֪أڴˣٶ಻Ҳš
æѸȥ߽ڣľҪ
ʱɲҽĴ
ţҪɻˣţ壬ˮʿʦ˵ĵλƽȵġ
ԣסҪˮʿˮʿʹã
Ҳæܵˮʿǰʮֹĵʦ
ԣˮӣ˵
Ҳ˵ͷ
ллǰֻλã֮
ˮʿĿݺݵĹһۣȴװϻ̳ϿֵĶ˵
ʦ
һΣɵĸеһί죬ȴ˵
ĻˮʿеʮֵĴ̶·оͺԼǰҫһ㣬ԣʱҪŭǵһԺȴ
üˮʿ˼˼죬ûо
ڲȥǲ죬º͵һЦˮӴԲӣʦ̫λã˵ɣ
ѽʦ̫
æˮʿ
ֻˮʿ˿飬ڵȻһֱӰ𿪣ݹ˹лǰˣ
˵գˮʿϡ
ˮʿ־ٶҲö˵ʼ磬˵㵽ɣ
ݰһ·ȻԼҲ
ţݰǾţ˳ӵİţڳλ
˵󣬶ˮʿʵôˮӣ֪ûʲô
ûˮʿҡҡͷ
˵׻Щ¼ŭݣԲһ˵
ݿˣҲ˵ͷʾԼͬ
Ǿͺðˡ
ݿ⡣
ǺãˮӣȻѾˣôϯҪ˵Ըһݡ
ݶˮʿ˵סϣⳡ£ǰĵ˳УҪѣһǸ٣٣ܶˣ
ݿˮʿЩģɵ֡
ʱԭҪӦˮʿһ飬ˣǰݣһĺɱ
һģˮʿæ˵ͷ
ȴ֪ˮʿﻹģ˵ˮӣˮ̫λܹ棬ôˮҲϵĹ٣ԣһپ٣һ֮ҶǾȥˣ
ݷԸˮʿ֮ٴλصˮ磬Ѵ׼˵ȫ¼ʱ򣬾Ҫʼϲˡ
׼һϲǴ򸾴ֲʶôܹдϲǣݷȵʱˡ
źţֻ˰ʱ䣬ͰѴһϲдˡ
Ȼɴ򸾣ͰЩ˳ȥ
ݵٴθϵˮڣˮҲˣһдϲ£ææ£ڰˮһҲ㶨ˡ
黹ûн
ٴα¡
ٺٺ٣˳ʦ˵ģҪ鷳ģ
£é棬ݺٺֱЦĶ˳ʦ˵˳ʦѼſս˴ŶʮߵšһЩһŵָұҪ㷢ϲ


322 ӭ
˳ʦһûаѸոպȽĲˮ˵ʲôЩǿŵˣҲŹȫҪ룿
ûϸ˵ҿֲһңҪ뿪ſսˣ뿪֮ʣ͸ţһССҲǸһ䡣
ݵ˵ͷ
ţ壬ߴˣ
˳ʦεЭ
Щĵȫ˵Ȼݰϲдãٴν˳ʦͳȥ
˳ʦϣݸȷЩſսĴûм˸Ҳ治
һϺһȴʮ죬Ҳʮˣӭӵĵ
ݻصˮ羲ȴʮ˵ĵæĲֺҪæŰųϲ֮ġ
ҿˮھӴǣ׷׷ǳ
˶󣬹˳ϲң
ܿ죬ƵĴ£ǶԷżҺǼʮ˸𳴲ɩǸˣɩǸϴˡ
ԭʮ鷳ӵ⣬ȴƵĴ£ü򵥶
ЩͨĴǲֵ֪Ĳˮ硣
ⳡ֣ͬһ籩Ѿ˼ſս磡
ⳡ£ſս磬˾޴𵴡
Ϊ˴ŶʮߵšһɣЩеļſսľͶǡиɢ޴ȫյԴǼҵϲ
ϲǸˣȴǼſսһ˳ʥ
һʯǧˣ
ϲϡ֣ڼſս˾޴ķ죬ҶΪϲϵġֶˣ
˭ȻͷһʥԳͳϲ
ѵǺʥͬһȼʷǰ
˷׷ײ²⡮ݣ²ûõģΨȥܹ
һʱ䣬Щſս綶žĴǣ׷ɳǿʵĳ飬ǰȥġƳǿߴڵĴ
ֻ֮󣬵鱨е˶һ
ǵţһʱ䣬ǶΪԼĳСŪˣȷ򷵻ĽǶԵģ
˶̾ޱȡڲ²𺳵ĴʵʲôʷǰǿߣһͨĲͨһ
ʿմߣ̸ʲôʷǰǿߣ
ˣԵ𺳣
Ϊʲô룬һ;ȻʥΪͳϲ
ʲôʱһͨˣһͨĴȻͷʥȥΪ˰ˣ
ѵˣ
Щɵǣ𾪼ɻ󣬷׷ײģٴɳ򣬷Ѿ֪˸Ĵš
ǡȻǸͨˣĽݸǣȴǺʥ𽻺õڣ֣ݣ
һʱ䣬Щˣ׷겻ѣҲиţѾ֪Ļ
ЩţɾǿƵţͬߵĻš
ţһǶһţһǰ˴֮һĴڣǾ쵱Ĵڣȴͬı硪ݣݺݺݵĸѵһ٣
ɣݿνǼ̡
ǣ޳ǿѹˣǻҪӲͷƤȥǵľ磬⳶飬Ǿ᲻ѡ
һΣݵֱʿǺܴģˮо񣬴ȫȥˮһߣҲ˺ܶš
ЩţƽʱõСţȻΪһУǲûо÷ŭ죬ǷǳĸˣΪҲСϢõˣǡӴ󡯵Ϣ
Ƿ׷Ҫλ磬Ǹùϵͽʡ
ЩﶼȴȻ
ʱ˵ܻȴգۼѾŵˡ
ʮˣ磬˻ޡС

ˮȴһ˺ʵһ̣ͻȻһϲľ޴廨Σӽˮ綸Ȼοն𣬰˸Ϊǿʿ̧Σˮڸȥ
ҪС˸̧Ŵ󻨽εĿʿΪݺ˵˵˳ʦġ
ô󣬲ֻʥһˣ˳ʦҪǷˣ˭
ԣʵӴڵģֻƽʱ򶼲ڱչ
ΣȴǱݴӶ˳
ʱѵǿʼӭˣ
ԭӭףýȵûýֻˡ
ţɡˮһҪõİΡֶӡжӣƺƵУڰгֵˮڸȥ
Խľ˵ƺƵļƣʱ·еľʿǣ׷׵ĳȥ


323 
ݻѴǮɢ޿ʼóӣоֵʱˣºԥĴһӡ
䡭
Щʿɫʸвͬȴ׷ʩչ߿Ȼĺ˹ȥ

ɫڿбѳըһһŵҫĿѤ̻߿ձѤͷ׵Ⱦɾɫʡ
Ȼʿ̻ţҲֱ̫̫˰ɣ
·ΧӵˣĿɿڴĿ̫࣬ˣӭ׶̫ˣ
٣㲻֪ɣⳡ˵ۼſսдǼĴܣ˵˼ţţƣ
Ȼţơ

Ҳ۱ô𾪸ӵƵĻ£ӭ׶ȴмᶨĳˮڷȥ
һʱңɫըѳɵ̻ӰϿա
ڡ
εˮſڣʱаŵˮҲˮʿ˳ӭ
ţӭ׵Ķˮأţߵˮʿݵ£ʦλͳй
ʱ򣬰ϻˡ
µͷźͷ£򻨽Ρ
΢ϰϰᴵżºͺͷ¶žգ̱ðķ飬ûţסˡ
ʼ컨ΣϽʱͷ֮£˫֮£ᡣ
ʦ
ЩʵĿˮʿˮںˮʿ޾ľ
գ̤컨֮У£˽Ρ
ݵ˵ͷ˷Ըһ
ʱ˸µʿڿն𣬰ӭؽˮ硣
Ȣ׵Ĺ·һ·Ҳв߻ͷ·
ԣصڿйһ䣬һ·̻ٴ֮ﲻַǷ
һʱ컨ڻڽˮ硣
ôãը֮ͣʱˮһƬɫϲ֮У
ˮƸ컨·߹ҡ̺ס󲿷ֵ·Ǻһɫɫңһϲ֡
ʱÿÿڻϲæµţΪϲ£ˮ˵һҫ飡
ݣȴ˳ţɫ£ڰ֮С
Ȼ˵ȫȻӿ⣬ȻѴˮĽСӺȥ
䣡
峺СϪˮǵĿ£һ޴ˮͬһȪ
Ѥ𺳵ĳȴûͣΪڹϣҶæµš
ˮ߸ʱݺ˳ʦͻȻӡѤâӡӵںˮϣȻγһ磡
ʱ仺ȥȥһʱ
ܹһɽٺǿߺһǿߡǰδǿĴ֣ȴҪһʱɵḶ́Ƕôĺƴ
ʱˮԵһĻ
Ѻ֮ϣһȪһĻǣȪˮʱȴ޷ΪˮǿסγһˮγɵѤˮ
ˮȫˮɣǣˮȴɢңˮϸһĤԣǰϲƵˣ±ˮմʪ
ңݸǷԸȥˮϣ͸
𺳵һĻˡ
ѽС֮ϣŵˮӣǧ֮ڵĿ
ңΧͬˮ۵ĵӣҪǣÿӱϣˮɽݣ˿Žϵȥ
ÿӵıϣûбȪ
ȪԣųһˮΪ׳۵ĳ׺˼
ȴʧһĿȥʮ׳ۣ
ݺ˳ʦԼĽǳ⡣
ʱѾҪϲʱ
һ⿪ʼ֣߳صڽˮڴһӭӴԵһĴţµļʿվԣӭǰϲƵˡ
ͨ
ӳֵĺ߿Ƶˮ磬æǰȥӭӡ
ǰǱڶԹͽɻһСС⣬Цɡ
һɫ۵ĸӣڿſڵݺæóһЦĵݸݣⴢ棬Ϳһϲʺɫ봦һϲ֡
лл
ЦĽͬʱеİ
ɽɽ
һ˵ĵٴνһݴȻ

ʱıƽԽԽˣʼˮ磬μţĻ磬еˮڵĽˣеݽ˳ʦȥǿŵ


324 һ
ֵһǣЩܵȫ棬󲿷ֵŶ쵱ģǷſս磬պĴ
⽭ˮССطĻ磬ȴǷſսУǿǰһ޴ųĻ磡
Ϊģ͹۵ȫǼſս˵һ㣬ᱻ˹Ϊȥ䵱ſս˽ֵһ⣡
磬ҲΪʷ¡ػ֮һ
Ϊ³ħ޴սıҪۻᣬſսûгֹôǿ߻۵
ôǿ߻۵ԭ򣬾ȻֻΪһԭǾΪǸݵʿֶӼͽܣҪˣ
Щܣǿ˳ʦϣĸԸĻ˾޴ĲƸ;μϲ硣
Ҫ֪μӻ磬϶Ҫģǵݣ˵ݵݣעǼ򵥵ķܡ
ԣȥǵĴֵ֪
˳ʦȴǿݵӣףⳡʢ磬ΪһˣǾǡݣ
ڣҪʱ˶ˣֻҪյģûвģû˲ݺ˳ʦӡ
ᣬҲң
ǧͷ׷ױȥҲҿֻ˼ſս˵Ĵԣˮ磬԰ȥ
ʵҲǷǳ𺳵ģǿ粼ú
ģǰ˳ʥ̫ǿˣ
СϷ峺ˮȴӲıɼǧΣڽСӵϿգΥľ󣬸Ե𺳣ټǧ
Ȫ׺£һˮתľӨˮ£Ĺǡϸ͸ˮȴֱˮһ㶯С
׳ȴʧ
˾һĿѣԣҲͬıֱʸģһʱ䣬𺳲ѡ
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325 뿪ſս
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ݿ϶Ļش𣬴򸾺ţһ»СޣеĻӲǶסˣ޷ڡ
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ңҪȥȻԼ飬Լ뷨
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Եطꡣ
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330 
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331 
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332 ΣյԤ
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Īȴû˿ԥֱӴݣһԾǿռѷ

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ﵽ˲䴫͵Ŀġ
ռѷһƬڵ˸еһĺڣ񡭡
ĪһҧݣٴԾռѷС


335 
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ռѷУֱһֶĸоǣоǸоʵϣȴֻһʱѡ
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һռѷ˲䱻˺ѣһΰѪɫɽѷгȻ߿֮ϣϸ۲죬ͻᷢϣվһͦεʿ
ֻ޳ʿʱѪɫɽǰʱеЩС
Сӣ飬ԼԸ㶨˰ɣĪеԵЩ
֣ģĹͷһûбռѷ˺֮Ҳˣǻƽ
л㣬ĪУ
ݿĪаģɸм˵
ôǣлʲôл˵ڵ֮ڸĿռѷĥˣԶռ䴫ͣټûκεĿУǺܴģǽǺޣƽҪֱڿռѷﳤˣ⻹Ϊǵ͵ȿռλ棬Ҫɽ硭
Īл˵һ룬û˵ȥֻǻһɫص鴫ݵͷݳСӣûа취æˣܾܲȻĶӣҪԼˣ
Ȼ
ȴû˿ԹĪѾô࣬Ѿ˽ˣǻҪ鷳Լⲻȥ
š
𡭡
޴ХͻȻɽ𳹶˺ѳ죬Хд޾ķŭҪǣݾȻܵһĺѹ
ɽޣŭХȫսսģ޾־;ηڵ棡
ͷ·𳼷ǵľ֮£
ХХ
ĪУڵݳСӣȻпһԣûСˣҪСģ
ʲô
ݵҲӿ޾𺧡
˵磬һŸ߹ϣ޵У
ÿһеͼڣǣ˭Ҳûм
Īȴ˵һֲХȻ
β𾪡
ңǣʥ˵ɽΣգ޷ŭХȴͬǴɽ˳ˣ
ѵ
ѵһ
ݲԼ뷨ˣʲô³Ǳɣ
УһҪȫĴȥ
ţҲû˿ԥλһɫ磬ڿлһĺۼ˲ХƵԴ˹ȥ
𡭡
ǣֲХȴļңſֲѹУžķŭ
һﵽױʲôŭˣôǷƵģ
ݵľϵҪʲô²źá
ٶ쵽ֻڿһĻӰǲϸ޷ݵĴڡ
ʱɽǳɵĹâټٴδŭ;춯صĺ
죬âҫ
оˣɽ
սǰ淢ս
˲Ѿ뵽
ļ٣
ˢˢˢ
ȫһ֮Ҳȫӿ˳ʹٶǰδеķɿ죡
ֻǼ
ݷɿĽӽ˷쳹صıĵط
˵һĻݵǰ
ɽ޾ľУһھ޴ĺ̶ģȴɢ˵ĺʱ̶ϿգһͷǧɵӴȴڰзŭķڡ
ͨɫ޴ƬűĹͨ屬ֲƣңŲ
ʱĿֲȴŭĶһʿ׷ʹ򣬾޴׳β翪ٵصޣ顢ҡ
ÿһɽѿĹ֣
ϵֲıϢϢ֮ȫᣬźΪ飡
ǸʿͷֲƵͶ·ȫѾòǰƬѪɫ԰ףͷҡ
ݣȴϳˣļٵ


336 Ю
СģһͷɹٵֻҪԶɹξ٣ͿɱΪ
ĪеĻһǣݾȵĻں档
ңͷѾﵽ˶ɽٵǰһֱѹԼʵŭֱӲһеʩչȫʵƣѾɽٺ۷壬ӦضӦ٣پͿҪˣٽ٣ɽҪ꣡
ģô̬
˺ʥ˵Ϊʲôоһɿֲġֱƴǿߵĳǿˡ
ԭһͷҪٻԣѾ̤һֻŵĴڣ
ݣȻǶɽٺڣȴûдﵽɽٺ۷壬ֻԣȴǶɽٺ۷ĴڣߵĲ࿴ôС벽ʵмȴһأ
ɼޣͨɽǿߣȻͬ
ȴûʱȥ𾪺͸̾ΪѾȻڷɣٴγȥѪȻһţȻ䣬·ռ䶼Ķһ£
һž޴ı֮ռ֮併£ľ˲˰˪ʼһ㱡ı飡
ű֮Ȼ˳ȥĿȻ
˿ưոݣ޴ȻڿһڣһӰֱ˹ȥֻצͬƱհ㣬пĳֶȥ
Сģ
˳󺧣û˿ͣ٣Ȼһߺһ߳ȥҪѾԮ
ǣֻע⵽ɿݣտʼ࣬ڣ֮;ȻҪƻԼʱ
ɲȻŭ޴βȻֱӱβԵĿռ䣬ſֲ׵ƣصĳݺ˹ȥ
ݾУֻһҧȫȻӿ񱩵ֱ֮Դӡַ޴һֻƣſ񱩵βԺȥ
ڲִ٣ݸʩչֻ˰˷ʵټݵΪͱҪһأҪǿᣬ߳һȵΪǿȣֲǷ
¡¡
쳹أֲĳŰһͿľ˳ȥʯ߸𣬵һ޿γɣ
Ҫǣǿ˹һ飬ֱӵİݸ˳ȥ
ԭӵӴҲȻһͣͣȻݵһ£Ҳù
һͣԭҪĺϢҲȻһƫĲʱԭҪܵȻһ
·ֱӱϢסԭɿ˸ΣȻһͣٶȶʱ˿飬ֱӸȥѾ㲻
ȻԵһֻצֱס
Ҫ
ݱһβݺݵһػֱӱҷ˳ȥ𵴲Ϣò׵ǿƽڣȴѾһߣ
ʵǺεȿֲݽ֣֪һȷֻҪԵצӣôһֱӱɷˣ
˷ＸˣڣԮ
棬ݲӿݵĸо
벻첻µز£ȴԺް취ȴԼĶӶˣ
Ƿϣ
ǵ⣬ͻȻ׽̶ϣȻſһֻʱݵͫȻˣ
ԿŸճãһ˫޴۾ɫͫ˸źһգһգģǳĿɰ
ͷСԣ֮ϵԣֻСѡ
ݵﲻɵһϲ˲ԺԵĹϵһЩԵòܵķݵԺ
ˣΪ˾ǰƤȥˣ
ˢ
ݷ·𿴵˾طϣαȴûгȥԮѾ׽ȻֻȻζĿŴսԣ
ȻϵޣǱϾճãͺӤһ㣬ûз
ĻʱգŴ۾ĿΧһС
Ҳݵľٶǲͣ˲ݵ뷨
ɵģĳݣҪֹ
ǿһס
ԣ͸ͣ£
ݸоϮʱȻͷȵ
ֻһֻԣ
ղȻֱ֣ץסûзӦԣԼʹոճҲа˴СΪˣ־ֱӰץڰУԱв
ֱӴԵĶ
ʱ񷢳ŭ
ǣȷӲͣԭ׺ݵͫڿԵʱ򣬲¶˼ֽ͹С


337 Ӧ
ϲĺӣȻǸɶһ˫۾ʱӿһ˿ȻСһ㣬𡯵Ĵ
ʱԸеͷŭ
𣡡
Զһ·˵ſҵС
Ѿȹ٣Ѿɱ˽ӽһ룬Ⱦһ˿ŭ𣬴Źϡ
ɽޣû˵սţ
ǣǺεˣᱻס
ԼתԵʱݷ֣צϵûΣգֻǱñϢסˣ
ɵģһؼʱݵľû˸ղŵĽ
ǰδеƽѾٴλصǸĴݵݣ
Ϊߵޣ֪ܹö˵ţ˺ǸһëҸұ֤ԣҲ˲仯ޣ
һģ˵
ԣͣķ𡭡Ĵ۾ʡ
𣡡
ⷬ飬ʱԷŭڿз˿Ƶķڡ
ǹȻκζֻܵɴž޴ͫ׹Ķݣ·Ҫɵ
Եķŭ˿ᣬббƳһ۸߿֮ϣƿʼãԭʵȴȻܲХ
һž޴ƿʼԵͷγɡ
ȻĪϣܵԵȫʵѾﵽӦٵҪ󣬹Ҫ٣ԣ
ݲɵ˼ĻţԶɽȻ𺳣ݴʱȴûȥЩΪԵצԶɽ٣ô룡
ǺεȵĿֲ
ֻҪǵһû£ֻڵΪ»ڽ׵£̻ҷʲôʣ£
׵Ŀֲ
ڷǳĵǣ
֣֪ҪɽˣֻҪɹ٣ͿԳΪ˵߳ƵΰˣΪһͷΰӦſؽҹٻһƽϰɣβſǸ࣬ұֻ֤ҪſǸ࣬һԷſģΣ
ﲻϺǳԼҪ侲Ҫ侲ȴͼ˵ԣſ
տʼԵȷ˵һһ㶵ģ̧ͷſҪγһ޴Ƶĸ߿գֿ˿еݺ
ԵϣͻȻ¶˼飬ͺ˵Ҫҷڰҵ׳հ
ΪޣѾǣǾǺȣҲ϶١ҪʹԷŵǴ̡
ݿϵļҲЩЦãȷԼǵ͹ǣǣһʱᣬҲİ취
Ҫǿд쿪Ҳ˵ԼǲԵĶ⡣
Ϊݸұֻ֤ҪԼһ֣ԻͬЩľһɱ顭
͵һ㣬ݾͲðգֻܹ۵İ취ﵽȳĿġ
ԽԽܼݶͷð˺Ҫ֪ףǹϵ
ֻܹһ㽵䣬Լȡһʱ䡣
ĪУ׳׳ƣôɼǿߣĪ˵
Ͷ·ˣʲôҪԡ
ðɣ
ĪҲ֪ڵѹҲƴǣֱӴ˳
䣡
ѹȵһƬҳɽȻһľ޴ӰѪɫսѪɫ磬Ѫɫꪡ
ΰѪɫɽȫ·ȼȶ񱩵Ļ棬ʹóɽ˼ֹ
ĪһԶʱӦĪеĴڣĪͨɢĿֲƣЩս
ΪĸܵĪɾѹ
ǵϵĽʱһĨηʱɢͻȻĶĪŭ
СҶԱѽСı׽㵱ȥ㣡
Īбһŭŭˣʱֵ˵
ĪСĻЦȴЦǿԵıʲô˼ˡ
տʼԵȷĪвη壬ǵӦʱȴ׿η塣
Ϊٶˣηƨ˾һ
һ㣡
Ե뷨ݲĲ޶
ǣǵʱڣѾͣ޴īڵĽƱԵ˿˿罻֯ХۿپҪ٣
ԡ
ݻû˵꣬ʱ
꣡
һ޴Ľֱ˺īڵҪγˮĽƣֲƴŹֱӱؿռ䣡
һֺƵɵֵٶȣȻĳ֮ϵԣ˹ȥ


338 Ե·

ĿŸ˿ӦʱĽףЪ˹ĺ
ԣˣҪһᣡ
ɱȻ޾ɫþе˻
ԱɱȻĻȻһ飬ɵһۡ
ֻ˫ұץסԣɺڷҵķ裬ԭڵӣȻѪ˿ȴͻ쳣
ңȫƼȲȶֲƻһֱŰΧΧľ֮ģȫ
Χʮɣһյش
ݿֱֲӿֱۣҪԺȥ
񣬿£
ݷһֲĴڣرǴʱѾվʱݣѾǼۣ
𣡡
飬ҲˣΪˣʹ飡
ʳӣޣжôײУǶԴԼŮȴ޾ĴȰ
ҲˣɵķһХֻХû˸ղŵķŭЩЭζ
ݱХҲѼ֣ȥȴԺԼʾʲô
Ȼ䣬趯βȻϳ飬ɫĹâű˵ĺ·ƶ˰˪
䣡
β׺ըһ
ײвݶס˺󼸲
ɽʱһӣ
ǣݷصǿı֮Χһ֣ʱǽ׵ನ£ɢΡ
ûܵ
ݲһ
ԣȻסˣҲͶ군ݰҲɵ
װԵľβըɵƬһȴûжɾ޴˺
һףϾʼոտʼǿᣬ˺
ȵɢȴûеϢŵĿݣԿģͼֺ󣬲ɵһ
ҲԣԭҲҲȥת侲¶˼
ʵԶ飬УϣԼŮܵ˺
飬ᣬԶԣҲ˼Թޡ
ݿʹԣȻڡ𡯴ޣﲻӿֲ̺Ρ
ıģԴʱ飬Ҳһɡ
ţԭץסԵ֣Ҳ˼
ԣǴʱ鶼һβ˵
ͻȻԴҪɾ٣ٵĿֲҸֻҪһ̣޷ȥɽ٣ң㻹ҪΪԵİȫòıеˣһҪ״̬ɹǸ룬ôʱһģͲˣһԣ
ݶԣ֮ɫɵٴ˵һջܾ˵ĽǺβſԹҷԣ˸ˣȫô
ݿϣԣڵڶ׾Ҫˣ㻹ѡ񣡡
ԣ֮ɫŨǣȴݳȵԼеˣȴ˺ԡ
֪㲻ңǺã
¶˼飬ûбİ취ˣȥڽ£ѱʱ̸ֺȥôΣˣ
һҪһĶĲ
ԣ㿴ˣ
ͻȻԷ˵ϣԸղűŵĲᣬڸоħצԲ橵ĳ̶ȥĹĹ˺̶
ԼˣԽ˺̶͵ڻعɣͫвɵ¶ֵϲ
ԣ˵ҵĳҲˣѾˣϣҲ԰ҵĶӷˣȥĵĶɽ٣֣ڴף㻯ɹ
Ҷһëҷģǰ̶ȫɱ⣬ҲҪԸҳɱ
֪ԼȷſԣԿ϶ǲſģԣſԺҲſ
Ϊ˰ȫݲɵٴξһԡ
ʵݴʱһѺͷģЩʪˡ
ţ˵Ǽٵġ
һ˫ĶϿշڵԣԳһݵ˵ͷжһĨмڸмݰԷˡ
ʱޱ໹˵޸ҵҰҺޣЩˣսթ
ݼ飬һϲϷԼȻûжĴ


339 Դϲ
ǣ֮ⷬ£ڶȴѸײڶ֮ƣȻ˺޵ĺڰԲﱻϹҫͨ޴ĽףȴȻĺԡ
꣡
ڶ׵ƣҪȵһ׷˼
׳У̺޾ƺͺȻ
ԱҪߣǵֽ׽ٺצٴ˻ȥ
ݵ࣬ҲǻȻһ
ﵣޱȣԿպҲôڶףԿҷ
𡭡
պд󶨣ϲ֣޴ͷ­Сıɫͫս⣡
·ƣ
ͬʱԴ׳ӴȴȻӭȥ޾ı֮ӿ磬ͬڴˣԵڣȻͽײһ
䣡
ȻԸ飬ԵҲȻĺȥ
ҺãֵǣԻȻ׵ֿʱһεʩչ磬ֿ׳䱣С
ңڸղŵһɲǣѾѱסĺ˵
ݰһжˣﲻϲ֣ﰵ룬еʱȭͷҲΨһ
ΪǸղĪΪͨ죬ûޣҶ֣Գˡ
ȴǻһίķʽȥ⡣
ʱбӲԵøӵ
ҲǴ˵еģԵ·ˣ
ţʱ򣬱ڵµԣһĵ棬һڿնɽٲȥӲ١
ֱӶıȥֿףԴʱȻȻЩڣȴ޴󰭡
ݵǰɢȥƾ£ƿʼһֲơ
ȴѾ޴ͷ­չݵǰʱԿֲƣصıϢݱëȫը
Ϊɽٺ۷ǿޣһֻѾ̤ڵĿֲڣΪ˴ѹǿֲֵģ
Ȼո˵󣬿Ҳסļơ
ǷǰݾԲΣǿĴڱƽԼݾ㲻㣬Ҳ跴
ڣȴûж֣Ϊݲ˼Ҫǣ˫̵û˿Ĵ
޴ģȴһ顣
ղȷſԣԶݵӡá
ȻԾȻѾ޴ͷ­ٴδչȥ֣ȻͻȻſѪڣ
һٶëȻһûܣ
ԵѪڣֱӵİ˶˽ȥֻſ죬ҲᣬҪˡ
ſһ˲䣬һµȷݵıǿףȷ磬ԭëȻݸ˼ֶġ
Ӳסˡ
Ծ޴ͷϯȥֱӰ˶һ飬ȵջͷȫѾʪˡ
Ծ޴ȴգգеֻץסצӣչڵϣһһڣһ磬ɿԶĸ߿֮ϣϵĶϵĽŭ
ݸȫģɿЦã޵Ѻ÷ʽеᡭ
ʱҲЩ
æȥѾûȥݸӦЩأϢƽȺɵһ
ãûе⣡
뵽ڵϣȻԼҲϥı˫ƻıһ֮ݵ£ž˫УȻˮ㣬˳˫ֱͨ˫ƣӿڣ
ڴ֮ǰѾһ磬ֹನŰ
֮ɿ޸ƣͬʱԸĪѹء
ڸղԵ׷ʹ֮£أҿݵ֮޸֮ѵľĹ磬֮޸֮·ɿϡ
רİָƣ֮⣬ȴը죬͵Ľףһǿһһһ
׳ŰΧڽ֮ڱסݣܹܵľҲ
ȴģץʱָ̰ơ
ʱȥˣһʱȥˣ
ݻۣƣѾ޸һ룬û޸ȥԭȴΪĪеĵ״
СͣΣգǿ㣡
ĪмǾڣǳС
ԭר޸Ƶݣо̬أæջ֮ͬʱѽҲ˵
ǣ۷Ӧ֮ĵһĻȴӲĳݵͷ
ʵڡ̫ˣ


340 Զ
ϵĽǧɣĻīڽƣͬڵĿˮһ㣬񱩵ķ
Хţͬİ
һ޴Ӱڳɽ
Ȼ䣬һɿĴ׳׵磬绯һһеɫŻĿֲϢֱӽ֮˺ѳ
⻹ûкƣѾ𺧲ѣľ
ǡ꣡
̵
޴ĽһֱӺҹ
ֲɫŰһУ֮ͬҪһа㣬񱩶ֱֲӱ׵ԵĿռ䣬׵Ŀ꣬ȴȻɽϿշڵԣ
ңҪǣɵĽעǵķΧޱȵĿ㣡
ԭԶǣҲͬĽףиˣ
ãǿĽף
ݵͫȻһ˵Ҫ㣡
ǱһУ¾н籣Ҳ⣬ʱݺĪû£϶ǰ
˵ˣȫʢʱڣֲĽףҲֻбķݡ
ѹĪиղžľ棡
Ժʯ䷴Ӧڽ׸ո˺ѽƾҪ˲䣬Ȼɿı˳ȥ
ݱĪжܵһɲǡ
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ǿƵĺ£Ƶֲĺֱ֮ѹסеɽطֱӱƽʮɣ
ݱֱӱɳƷķȥҿļʱټڳŰʱȫȻϹǣȻǶϼ
׺ըĿֱֲǳɳȥǧɣݶϼԼȫסټֻǳԾûʲôˣ࣬Ҳݵڣ𵴵ѪӿֻҪϢһͿԻָ
Īо͸˵ֱһ˸Զ˽׵ַΧ
𡭡
ǣһĺ˺ѳգʹݵĶĤ
ݲüͷղŵǵֲĽףֱӲǧɵķΧΧڣԭγɾ޴ӵĵ棬ٴӲĺըݽȥʮɣУֺݽĿģ
ǵĳǴ֮дġ
ʯɱڰУȵɢȥʱһ
УӴѾòҲ̶ãϣɫľ޴ƬޱȵĽڣңƬƬѪƬɢڵ棬ԵҲ̶á
޴˿Ѫⷭһ˿ڷѣȴֱ׵翾⣬ϢڿҰ׵ĹͷںɫѪԵ쳣Ĵۡ
ɫѪҺͬˮͣĴ˿Ȼű˵˵棬ѴĵȾ˺ں죡
ң濴ǳң
⸱ҵĻ棬ֱ𺳵ĳݵӾ飡
Դʱиղŵ緢ʱϢͫ޹⣬ƻһͿʹı飬֪һ¶ȫơ
ȴĲ׽ͫĨľþòɢ֤ԸûзûЭ
ʹıۣץ֮ļУɿĵϢȫƣıɫʵʰıһ㣬Եڡ
Ͽµƣڻ޸ѪҺҲֹͣʡ
ƱϾ̫ˣһʱᣬ޸ˡ
ĪУղǵڼף
΢΢ʣڳԶ˵ĿֲޣӰ
޴ĻҲڷڲϢ˻۹ۺ񱩵ɿĳۡ
޴ĽƱԵɫС߰ĵڽ֯ϢµƺͺƵһ޷ٶȷɿ
ݿľ˿ֲ׺ը󣬻εǿƣ
ղǵǵߵףҲ˵Ľףǵڰ˵
Īͫ΢΢һ£ĶϵĽƣ˵
ʲôŵߵ׾ôǿôڰ˵ھŵ
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ӢŤĿĪУɵϴ󣬶ݺݵĶĪУƿڴ
˿˼ղĪչʾĳǿʵ
Īбͷһŭ֮ҲûֻΪεĵСޣȻ𡮺ɫǸ쵰ҲԱ㵹ʤõûеȫѧˣ
˵ĪȴϲСޣѾʼͬǸˣҲ츣һ飬һʲôνġ
Ѫɫ
˿ĪУݺݹĪһ£ҧԣĪ˵ĸ֣ݡ
оȫû˿ԭķŭת޾İˣۿоȻ˸
ж᲻ᵯֻδʱ
һ˿ʲôӡĪͻȻֲʼįĳ
Ѫɫұ죬ҵѾˣ㻹ֻ㻹ҵ𣿣
ԭʹ಻ѵⷬʱʱҵйڣһǻŭ˲䱻ȼһζĪͷ
ҾѪɫ쵰˵ģֻķҸףҷһң
ðɺðɡ
Īбֲɤˣ˫־ͷʾԼͶ
һΰľһֶʵЩĪҲӣҶűôСҲǿǰˡ
ĪҡҡͷЩΡ
ιСޣҲˣľѳۣѾˣ㻹ǰ鶴ɡ
Īкô˵һ䰲οĻûټŭԭͳ
ȴҡҡͷ߰ϢҪְѸףԣҪѸ׻𻯣ĹǻҴţ붴У鶴ǣ
˵
ԣĪϲɵһ㶣ͷȵĶ˵Сޣ˭㣬ˣ


347 
⻰ʲô˼
ĪеĻ󣬲̧ͷĪУе˵ѾϢȫޣȫ䷢Ӳˡšѵ
ݺͻȻ뵽ʲôϵİͻȻ˿ϲϲĶĪ˵ѪɫѵҸûǲǣ
ɫ¶ڴ
ղĪ˵Ƿ϶ԭģ뵽Īеǿ¶ڴ
ĪȴһۣݺݵĶСޣٽбѪɫһ㷭ʾһ飬ԽбĪдҲԽĪ壡
Īתƻ⣬ż
еƤĪУɵľģĪǰҵĸףǲû
⻹ࡣ
Īзǳĵ˵ͷ
Ī⸱յı飬һûһҪǰȥĳ嶯
ѪɫĥĥģֱǷᣡ
ЩǷڸղţǾԸ˵ڵģڣĪУòͷ­ǿѺŭ
ٺٺ١
ĪеЦ
ˣСһĸ׵ȷû
ҪȴѹסĿ⣬ĪļҲͲٹθڣֱӶ˵
ԭģ
ϲɫɫӿϲǣﻹһ˿ʣָĿڱǼ䣬Ȼദͣһᣬ󲻸ĵ׽ݵ֣
޶һļžͱ
ûвκε
̧ͷĪУɻ
Сޣ֪ʲô
Īͷ˵տʼҲΪǸСӻ쵰Ѿˣȷȫû˿Ϣ಻û佩Ӳһжûǲ˽ˣΪˡ
ĪеĻеɻﰵ룺仰ʲô˼
ſʣĪȴԹ˵˽ݵˣ֪һֻޣ׻ʨ
Ī˵һǰԲĻ
ΪۿǩԼˣӵ֪һһޣǩԼĪеѪɫľ޴ӣͻȻþĿ
ԼüͷԼĸֶ˵Ƨû˵ɵģʵԼʲôô
ɻĪҡҡͷһɸֵģС޼ֱǱһɵģԼʿ޵һԼߵȵԼ
ǩԼޣ˹ΪңΪԼǾ빲ԣǩԼޣĵޣ
ĵޣôõԼҸҲ̫õ˰ɣĥʲô
ղǾ仰ص㣬һ䣬ǡ빲
ĪпСġġĥ𾢣޴ƲɵԴӣݺݵĶ˵
빲
׽ţȻһӿϲĪ죺ѵ˵
ĪпڿϣɵĹЦСޣ÷ǳȷûд
û˵ڣĪз·𶴲Ȼ㣬Ѿһ٣Ȼ˵Ļᣬ˵
ݵҲ֪׻ʨҲС죬Сǰһʱ䣬һս󣬻صݵڣ˳˯ݳ˴飬СȴûбԼǿбȳô֤
Īзɿ⿪ݵļŦۣһ¶ʵĿţŴȻһͷСĳ׻ʨͼ
ɰĳ׻ʨΩΩФʮ㣬˵ʵ
СڼĪе΢΢𣺡ڣС컹ڳ˯Ȼݲû
ĪеĻϿϲ֮ɫŨزһû棬ֻһ߶̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
ĪеĻоԼһִӵõĸܣֽȻͬ飬Щ˵顣
֮ϲ
ˣĪǰҸףΪʲôȴȫޣǾþ޷ͻ⡣
ҲǺ⡣
ĪӣҲЩ˵壬ǻĽ͵ҪסЩ飬ģܵģδģҪһۣ
ͺñȻþһжôʵǣȴǼٵġõģʿȫȴŵӵȷеģʿǳΪ״̬Ҳͬһ㣬ȴûͺñŵм룬һһǻţ


348 ĪеȻ
ʿļ״̬ͨԥܵشһ˲ΪӲıһţԵҲǼ״̬
Ǽ״̬ʿܹƾһŹôͿܴӼ״̬лǵһҲʱôʹӼ״̬
ĪеĻϲʱصĶĪ˵ĪǰôҲ˵״ʱȻûȥҲˣ֪ܲܳסȥҲ֪᲻Ϣ͡ˣ
ô˵
Īе˵ͷѪɫֵ˲һš
ĪеĻնʱѹ
ĬãĪȴͻȻ̧ͷЦ˵ˣСӣϻ˵ϵ鶴ȥһúǻҪԼ컯ˣ
Ī֣һɵģ
ǵģǰ
ǷĵĶĪгƺ
ΪĪдʱȻûбֳ˵ϡȱȴеĸܵõĪе飬ҪãҲ˵
ֻĪеǿߣԼѹɣϣҲҪôĳضѡ
Ǹѣ
Ī֪ڶӡ󣬿»ο
ţٵȵȣ
ĪȴͻȻñݵֱͣߵԵǰϾ޴ϸϸӦԵͨ
Īۣ˼˸һЩȻ
ԤϵûдֻҲûͬ˼״̬
Īж˵
ʱ򣬱̶УһСԵԴӼž̶ˮĵ¶鶯Ĵ˿ΧǵһԺ󣬲ɵķۺͽ
СԲ橣ĳ˹鶯ľ޴ӳˮſԵϣ
ιιιСһޣĸûţڰĸͻǱ̶Уңһģڴ֮ǰҪԹԵģúõչ֪𣿣
ĪԵӣ˵
ͣɫľ޴ʵɵĿĪУȻصĵͷ
óֻȻСȴԡ
ùԵļһ
ĪвһЦһԡ
ȻߵԵǰ˫ץסԵֻ޴צӣȫһ𣬶Ȼһΰϣȫļٿһ˲䱬
ȣ𣡡
Ī˫һţһŤȫеȫֱֻͨ۴ԵϣȻȻǧɵȻ̧
һɸߴľˣȴӴ󼸰ٱǧԣֳʮֵ𺳣
ڴ˶ʱ䣬һֱĿĪУǵĪв޶ıԡĵĳ̶ȥʱŷ
ԹԲӼǹŵģĪеĺ档
ȥɣףɹΪ
ĪÿһڵһӣЩòߵ̶˾ķ̶УҲͨԾ̶УԵȷĪеĻȥչ˺ԡ
ΪһѺܲԼչԼһ⡣
ɣЩ㶵ǣԺ֮顭
ٴ뵽Լݣ淭˼ǧ
ιҪˣˣ
ĪпɵĶ˵
˵գ粽ͳȥ
ĪвŸո̧һֻţһֻͻȻһصˤȥ
ĪǰСİ
Īصˤһƨɳ죬ǲԾ΢΢鴤Щ̿Īȴһƨ㲻ֵ˵ЩʲôҲҪֵ
ڣĪеȴͻȻЩĪ̾Ͽˣôһˡ
Īеһͱ׳黳
ֻֻһš
Īеȷǽ߾ȫˣӲ˺οռݴ͹ռѷǿֿţݺԾ˳
ĪаǧӴԱر̶УȫĴˡ
ȻĪеֻһ˲ѣȴǱĲ׽棬Щд룬ĪǰҲ¡
죬Ҫڰοȴֲ֪Ӻ˵
ҿĪһƤЦģЦŶ˵Сޣ߲ˣҪȥϢԼϵȥɡ
ȥϢȥϢ
Īе˼ĪѾһ⣬価ǰС
ڽȥһǣĪеĻ˳СޣҪһСֵģӵϻȥɣ


349 Ե
ȵĪеɢ֮ɽһƬǽ⣬Ѿ˳š
ʶȻĲ׽ĪоȻԼıϸ˵ŵݵڡ
ʱв죬ҡҡͷʵ˼ֻεıڿն𣬳鶴ȥ
Ѿ޸߰˷֣ڿշȻû⣬ʵΣ룬ԼԵĴܳԼҲڿԺȥǾͲԣǵΪԶвȻʶȻΪѡ
ҲΪˣΪԶٲԼĸ׾Ȼεȥǿеֿ٣ڳ˺Ƶְ֮˵ھŵһ״̬У
ε飬ЩĴݷٵȥ
֮ڲмӽ·̣ʹзΪҲ˴ʱ䣬Ÿϻ鶴ڡ
ص鶴ͽӵҪʱ̹עĵǣæ֪ͨ˶ںĵˡ
ڶ˽ϲӭӣǿƽµ󣬶ʱһŵǿĻûг׵ķȴݣɵģǵһθ߸
ҶΪʿʶ̽˹ȥȴȫû˿ʱ˵ɫˣ
ʲôˣôˣ
Ҽȫ˹ȥݽݵıͽӲһʱ䶼סˡ
ʮ˾ͬʯˣľĿݣš
Ԫ½߲һ콾ٶȻΪ귨һһǿߡǵĽȻ͡𣿣
Ҫǣݣǵˣǵֵܣ
һʱ䣬˰ˣ˵ϲ˲䱻Ⱗ˳ȥˡ
˵ı飬ҲЩˣΪóÿһˣݶУԼĸѩǰʦʦǣʮֵĳʹ
ȷԼǰˡ
ʦ棬λʦ壬λǰ
ŴҳʹģҲ̲סˣɵĳ˵
Ļס˴ҵģﶼҪ֤Ϊʲô׷ʲôˣ
ÿһˣţݻ˭ھ͸ҺͶɽӲĴڣǣڵΪȴǶɽٺڣ
ǿߵĴڣﶼţ磬ʥпκε⣬û˿˵
ʥȴݷǳãôųʥĿܺ˭ݱأ
˭Ҫ֪ģ
ƽԼ飬Ϊ˾ԼԣȻȴĪ佻ãԵֿٵ飬ȫ˵˳
˵Ҳ̲סΣ
ɵӣҲ㣬
ԣһĬǵͺסʲôˣµûţο
ѩǣȴſݵϣ˳
ХҲһʹۿУ᲻ͣĴתԶݺᣬϹٷǣҲ̲סˡ
ĵӣĿƽĸ߲㣬ʱȴͬСʹ
ǵǷ̱ڵϵݺ󣬶Ȼ
ͬʱޱȣŵڶǿߣȻˣ
һ¼ǶӢۣеӵżżȻ£һӶһԱ˸Уĵ
߰ɣǽȥ˵ɣ
Աݣįĳȥ
ݵĶǰݷĴϡ
ʦ棬λǰû
˵סֵʱ򣬴Ҷһ㶣ǵĻҲ󣬴Ҷˡ
˼״̬Ŵҵı飬ţĪиղŶԼ˵ĻȫĽ˳
ããã
˵֣ûҲ˵״̬Ұȷ˼״̬Ҳ˵ϣˣ
ˣҲΪЦϲǵδʱǵϲȴȴûиղŵıˣΪôϣʹãҲϣˣ𣿣
Ҷ°ɣһĻҪ˭޵еݣһɹѹصģ
Ƿ׷£ȻڶӰأһֻӬɹ
ݵʶڡ
ͬҡҷС棬ʱܱ𣬴ʱıԵ


350 
ʯ棬ϽӲ䣬û˿Ϣ֪ģ϶ΪѾˡ
ǣ˭֪ʱݵʶڣһΪҵѪս
ɵʶڣޱ޼ʣߡ
ݵ꣬סʶڣǴʱݵ꣬ȴͬƮҡǻ棬ʱܻڴиǿ
ƲɫӰѾֻʣһСˣԭ꣬ʱȴǱꡢɫӰϵ˸Ľ⡣
һУֻΪݵʶУһ֮ͣȻ߲ơ
һϸףͬݵʰ㣬綾߰ݵܱ߲ϵľһϸСϵֲ棬ͬһħĴ֣ݵԶȥ
ÿһϸСϵϮݵʱɫƵӰȴȻĽ⣬ǿƵİЩϵ絯
ϵͽײݵĵһЩϸСףҲ΢ɲļһ㡣
ķԽԽϵҲš
ʶףľװ㣬ôĿ񱩣Ͳһ
ǡǡ෴ɢһֱϢһַ·Ϯĺɢ
ң׿ϸСɲҪС͵׸ӵĺͰԵͬںڰʪصĶߣٶȣĽǶȣĹһʱͬĥ˱ѪĶݵ˺ѹȥ
ݵ꣬׵ĵһζײ󣬾һ룬˲״̬ȻҲĵһ룬ȻвĽףݵţһݵļơ
ȻУһףݵꡭ
һ˿᳹׵
ȡ
ĹʮѲҺֻǲ࣬ͬģݵҲƲǶѾֻ֪ʶķأʶĵط
ݵĽǱʶţÿ׺־ԶתɫݣЩϵ絯ͬʱҲ׸ĵһЩ
ȻÿһζײԼҲ
עһ־ս
ݵʶڣսɣ鶴ӭһʥ
ݵģ
Ÿյ鶴죬ʥͶ˹֣˵⣬ԣ鶴е׷һ淭
Ȼģ鶴ڶǿݣͲػʥźܴĽ飡
ǰһֱ˵׶ɵĸӵ𺳣Լʦ羴ѡ
ʲôˣȻúʥǰ
㹻˵ʥĿǺεȵķҲǵ춨ġ鶴ɸʵĶɡҪԭ֮һ
Ϊʥ鶴ģôɸҲҶ鶴кΪˡ
ټʦʦ嶼ǶɽٺڵľǿߣߵʵɸҪ֣
ԣ鶴ĵλĹ⣬ʣݵˣ
棬Щÿ˶ݳ˳ݣʱʥãֳıŨҡ
Щ죬Ҳ֪ˣǵĵڶǿ߲ûˣֻҪһʱ伴ɡ
棬һﶼ뵽ʦΪͨ죬˶ѣʮ¾ͿȬʱ򣬻һ߳ơݾ֮ϵľǿߣ
Щô֪ٵģǺεȿµΣգ
ڵ˼ʱЩ߲㣬ȴźʥǰС
ʥ˴ΣʥСһҵȰ˵
Ѻʥ˽ȥ
ţϴηһתʥ
ʥǰԼף𾪲ѣͬʱЩȻԭˣʥȻǧ˵ֿɹĻøңҽȥһٴﵽХʦǵΪԭΪʶ׵Եʣ
ЩףΪʲôʥԼãԼĸ׺н顣
ݺᣬټʥһٴﵽڣǼ˲֪ģȻ֪ʥʵҲ֪ܡ
ԼһУΪף
ãԼĸףûԼеĶĮ
ţȴݵ˺ʥ
ʥԣ˼ָô棬Ȼ˼ʲô
ӦǱ׺ˣ״̬
Ŀʥ˼ͻȻʥ˳Ĭ


351 һ
ԣüͷﶼЩɻɻڡס˼
ʥǣԥһһֹģ
ʥһҧ˵׵飬͸¶̫࣬Ϊ׵˼Ҫ֪й¶й¶㱾ǴΪҲҪ޷ܵͷݴҩܵþһ
ʥȻˣǻǾ
˵һЩʵ飺Ҫ֪ŮдۣĹ򣬶׵磬֮ͬ˵
ףձ飬ǳģ͡ƷǷƻǿ׵磬ΪɽʿӦģɵ׽٣ף
ףǳټȻûмʶȴǿ£ŮŮˣÿһ˵嶼ΪΪ壬Ϊꡭ
˼壬ΪףĹ岢ã꣬ȴſµƻ൱ֲ깥
ʥĻڳ˶ǳ𾪡
ףϣ׵羹Ȼз֮˵ģ˶оǳ棬ңһֵǡ
幥˵׶˺
˶ΪݸһѺÿȱ꣬ǷǳģͬҲҪɡ
һ˵˼롢һ˵ʶ˼ʶ˵Ļô˵Ҳɡ
ǡǡ෴ʱ򣬾ͬĪУȫޣֻҪ»һ㣬Ȼš
Ҫԣ֪
ףȻֱ꣬һŷɥرװ֮ƻҪͨ깥ҪǿĶ࣡
ʥôûϣȥЩڴͽŵĿźʥ
ʻҲŵĿʥ
⣬ҲشˣһжҪԼܲ־
ʥȴҡҡͷ
Ȼ״̬ҲͲȥˣҲ̫ǣֲǲ֪ǼһǸ漣ˣΪܵ飬ˣԣҪţһѹģ
ʥĻе˾Ϊ֮ܲ١
ûʲôˣһ漣ļһ
ʥĻΪӣԼĸףǸԼǺȴΪǶصĴڵˣ˵Уôĸߴ
ʱʥȴͻȻ˹ͷ
ĸףһҵˣԶΪңһſ˷һеľģ
ʥĶ˵㲻ҪΪȥΪݵԵʣ֪ģҪȥĻѵã˽ȥģȥҪԭΪ츳ǿޱȣҲܹô죬츳ĸףҪһأ
ʥĻЩȻԴϴݵֿٵ¼ȥǱʶͱ÷ǳĸߴΰˡ
ʥȴ˵Լ츳ҪݻҪߣôܣ
Ǽǵãʥ˵ݽǳΪǳʱȴǶɽٳڣ
ԼȥʱԪӤΪʱǷΪ߲Զ׼
ʥȴ˵Լ츳ԼҪߣЩš
ʥı飬Ȼ֪ģЦ˵֪㲻ţǱҪ㣬츳Ȼܸߣǣ֮ԱȲݵԭӦΪĥѣԶԶûݵĶ࣬һ˵ĳɾͣҪ츳Ҫģ㻹ҪྭĥѣҲϣ㣬ԳԽĸף
˵֮ʥ뿪鶴죬Щ㶵
ʥ˵ԼĸݣĥѣԼܼġ
˼ǧԼĸףǸصˣĺˡ
оԼĸϳأ̲סҪȥ̽˽ĳ嶯ʱǻѩѩ¼
ʤǿ¼˸̾ݵĳ羴ٴ˼֡
óѩڽݵʱҸԺ
ʱ仺ȥˣѩ˵Ƕ꣬ݻû˿ĶֻСҲûж֤Ȼڼ״̬С
ԴȻܵǣȴȻûеĵز
ʶУѾؼĵزһ˿ѾΪ΢ףͬɢ꣬һ
սɢҪ˭ֵܼ


352 Բ
µĳ־ս˫Ѿƣ˫ûзһ˿ϸ΢ףǳļ̲Ρ
ȻʱÿһôСɾôСĹݼһϢ˵ȴĴ
Ѿü꣬ȴҲԿӲзһ۶޷ĵ⣬նյĿסס
ݵʶǱʶ
Ҫ𣬻˵Ѿˣǵ
ԣ˵Ļôܹ˼
ͬ˯ʱȴоԼѣ˼ǣԼȴ֪Լ˯һ㡣
һֵֺĸо
Ȼ˼״̬еʶȻԶ˼
Ҹоֲ֧סˣͿҪˡ
ݵǱʶһеĸӦԽԽģԸоõԼֻһ˿
Ҫˡ
·ѾݵǱʶԼҪˡ
ԭֻʣһƵ꣬ʱӵ׵ĵֿҲٻ
ȡ
һ˿˿ףݵɿı̽ͿҪ
ʱ
ʶǱʶģΧͻȻֳһٻӰ
ݣȥ㻹ûȢأдһĨߡ
˵仰ʱӰɿȥѩӰͻȻĸֳ
ѩֵķ˵ݣɣҪ㣡
ףɣ
ݣȥ
ͽΪʦ֪һԳŹȥģ
鶴ĽûʲôԴܵģ

һӰ֣һ仰ֱ͸ݵһ㱡
Ǳʶ૵Щ޷˶֣ѩĪСʦʦ桢Х
ҲұȥΪԼΪǣ
˭ݣǲɴܵģҪȥǣ
ͻȻݵǱʶЩͷ
ԭȥ꣬ٿرһ貵Ľ⣬һϢսͨ죬ȻȻֻôһƣ̺ȴ
ǣ˲䱻ûһ롣
ԭƾ״ھϷľ棬ʱŤת͸ı䡣
ݵ궷־߰ͬһһеĽУ˺һе谭
С꣬ȴҫ۵Ľ⣬ɿĳһ˿ɶȥ
һ˿ף͵ֵסʿǵĽ⣬ãǿƵ̬Ѿ˰µףˡ
׵һ˲䣬Ȼһ꼸֮ҡҡѵ꣬ƽ
һ̣ʼת֮Уһƽ䵽Ƶ档
µ꣬ڽĲ£Ļָ׳󡭡
һ̣ݸоڲĶ˽ڲ˽İ
ѵһĹǰһֱֻ֪йоصȥûȥԭûв͸ıʡ
ûȥʹΪʲô
ûһ꣬ǿĹ
ǣ⹦Ϊʲôǿ󣬻˵ʲôǿͶȣ˵ۺ𣿣
ǰһֱΪǿı־ֵۺϣȴ֣ˣһͿ
ǿ󣬼ȲļͶȣҲۺȣǿ־ľ
ͶȺۺȶֻǱ󣬶־;񣬲֣
ֻ־ǿļͶȺۺȲܹǰһֱ᱾ĩڣף־Ǹ
ڵһ̣ˣˡ
һ˲䣬ԶУ޾Ľ⣬гӿݵ굱Уݣվ
ݵĽڴﵽԲ磡
º鶴죬ݵĶڣűʯϣݾ£յͻȻĶһ£Ƿ֣ǼָҲĶһ¡
ͻȻڣĪȻۣ¶˷ǳϲ飬Ϊڸղһ̣ĸܲ׽ݵϣͻȻ΢Ϣ
ңĪ𾪵Ļں棬΢ϢڷٵĿʼ׳󣬺ܿʹﵽǰˮƷǣϢǿȻûֹͣļϢȻԭǿȣֱһأ
ȻȻһˣڰһɵķڵϣΧĻڵԼĶʱ¶˼顣
ݣڼºһ̣ˡ


353 
ʲôˣ
ݵУ¶˼䣬û׷ʲô顣
ֻ֪Լǵھŵٺ󣬾Ͳ֪ʲôˣһԼԼĶС
ˣҲ˵ھŵ٣֪ôˣǳɹʧܣ
¶˽ǵ뵽ԼԻصﲻķ
ȷԼԵ˶ԻôӦûгʲô˰ɡ
ݳСӸû뵽͸һľϲľﵽ˶ɽٺڴԲٰ
Īааһ˿ľȣĴݵͷ
ʿ棬ľϵѵģݴӼľȻֱɽٺڴԲĪв첻ѡ
ͻƶɽٺڶãһ겻ڣľȻֱƴڣһݸͲܵκԣһ·ͨġۺɽٺڴԲǸʱֱӴﵽٵҪ
ֻҪɹ٣һĴˣʱ𻯳ɣ
ԣҪģֻʱѣҪǣڣȱģʱˡ
ٺ٣ֻǽҶѣȻǫ飬Ǵϣȴ˿ǫģ
ҲǽҡĪƲƲ죬ݴ
ȴչһ½ǣоʱ״̬ǰδе泩
ĪУһԶˣ
ݲɵĶĪʵ
¶ѡ
üëһ£ôôãʦǺżˣȻѾˣҪȥ֪һ
뵽⣬ݲɵĴ󲽳ȥ
Ǹ߳ݾסˣΪ֣ԼĶ棬Ȼ㶼鶴ĵӡ
һ䱸ӣ֪ڱԼҿӣǱһѡ
ݵɵһůʦ澹ȻĵչԼЩա
ЩҲɵȫ˹Ƿݵʱ򣬸Եϣӿϲ
ݿóϵЩϲǷĵġ
ʦˣʦˣ
ҼҪڡ
ǻסĵļݹ˵Ӳμʦ壡
ҶϿɣˣллҡæ
ݵºͣʱ˶ܳﶼ뵽ʦ壬Ȼ鴫ĺˡ
֪˾ȻΪǸˣ֪кθˡ
Ҫǰȥʦʱȴ֣ʦѾԼˡ
ԶΪǿݺͶԷ˴˵Ĵڡ
ݣѾˣ
ǵͬʱϲ뵽տʼֻҪݵ״ʵµʧҲûбϣ
û뵽ĸһϲⲻѾˣ
ٿ˿ݣǶѾȷɺ󣬲ϲĳ˹ȥ
ҲЦݲõӭ˹ȥ
μʦ棡
ݶȴ
ڵˣôģ
Ϊֻգۼ䣬ݵļЦˡ
ʦ棬лл
ݸмĶ˵
ڣǲκһ˵ģЦŵ
٣ݼһ״֪ˣ¸£ХѼɤ˵ѹȥò˰Էһۡ
Ҳ׷׼Ķݴк
ݵůӿһ޷˵ĵ׳š
ٳûпڵģǰѩ
˺ݴкȫϬһߣֻݺͰѩ棬رХĶݼüŪһһЦš
ХģʱݸоЦá
ŮϵʱݵĲĺݺݵľһ£֪Լôã϶ǵǲѡ
Σκ͸мĿŰѩݸоԼǣͬݡ
˫ˮͫУԹ
˲ϧ
һʱ䣬˫ĬУֳĬεĳĬΪЩʱʤ
ҲˣЩӣЩףЩǡ
Ĭãʵܼȴûб죬Ҫ˵
ʱ򣬷·Ϭһ㣬Юŵζ磬ͬʱݵĻ
ݣ
ݣ
ɫٻӰˣæſ˫۰Ǳס
ѩ
ݼѵ촺ǧһʱȴ˵ãݲŻᶨ˵˵ģҲȥģ


354 ʥ
Ƕ֪
ŮֵǰδеĬиоһָжƣǵݿĬʱֲԽĽӲ
һЩεĿҪſŮȴŮס
Ҫͣ޴ӳڡ
ʱе˶ܵݵı仯ŮҲɿ˫ۣǿݽӲɫʱݵ˹ȥ
ɵģǵɫֳһĨҡ
Ǹղż֮£ȻĴڣڣôεľ档
Աߵˣ˳Σǿ˿ǸӣЩģЩŵߡ
Ƕ׵ˣȻϣݺͰǣܹһԲĴ𰸣ѾСˣ飬½ܲˡ
˵ע£ڶ˶촽ϸ΢Ķ˵Ķ
лл
Ļе˶סˣݺѩ
ȻݵݣңԸղŵ飬ȻûͬҲûҲ˵ŵĹϵԵԻ⣬ϣˣ
ﶼһ
ȴֱߵݵǰſ˫ۣһӵ
֪ΪΣ˵ݣЩܳĸоܵЩο
úӣ
죬ֻ˵֡
ͺȻǰǸѧĺӡ
ãã
ǳˣЦ˻ԶһҲơ
ѵôҸˣҪúõףһ£
׼ϯúףһڴʱͻȻһЦݾȻˣҪףŶףô˱أ
ʻĴʥģӰԶʣӰٶȳ鶴²գۣͿ鶴죡
ԭʥݣȥţӭʥ
ǰӭʥ
μʥ
ȵʥӰ˵ǰҶľһ
Ҳض񣡡
ʥº͵Ķ˵漴ʥߵݵıϣصĵݣȻûñʧ˵ݣһ漣ļһҿƺøһ¥
ʥһ۾ͿݵľΪԲŻ˵˵
ʥˣ˵λգҲǽһǫЦЦ
ʥ˼ô᲻֪أݸȷԼôãԼ׵֮⣬Ҫʥˡ
ԭ޶ûݣʥ¾ǷˣҲʳѰʳʣΪûػˡ
ҲʥΪʲôô֪ѹԭΪʱ޿̲ڹעݵĶ
ѵĵһʱ䣬֪ˡ
ѣʥȻǸ˲ѣ̾Ͷǰˡ
ʥϯνԣ鶴ĵǣҲúõԺһѣԺ߳ȥҲдıǮˣ
ʵ鶴Ѿʮɸ
ݡʥ˵ţ鶴𳹡
鶴ĵ߳ȥ棬оӶߣΪ˼ֻҪһ˵鶴ĵӣ̱ĺ͹Ľ
ЩҲ֪ۣҪģΪʦ塣
һʦ屾ľ֣֪ʥݵĹϵΪҪãʥ鶴콻ãҲΪݵԵʣ
ԣ˶鶴־£鶴Ǽĸߵġ
һףǳ֣һ̸ЦʥҲΣһ̸ۣӻпʼӻн
ֱӵҹʱ֣˲Ÿɢȥ
ŵӣջǹƽ
ݾһֱ鶴죬ݵǺܷϣΪֻҪҪﵽɽٺ۷壬ֻҪʱѣΪֻҪ㹻Ϳͻƣóģ
ڵĲƸֻҪʮƷʯµľ۷󣬿һʱ䣬ͿԴﵽɽڴԲʱͿԶɾˡ
ݶ£ûзϣΪʥûзҪʥտ磬ݴﵽ˴ڣҲܷɽ硣
ѡˮɡ
ҪǣҪʱֲǰ
Ȥǽ̵ȻпվѩȻһֱûȷǵĹϵڸԵ棬ѾղҲٳԣȻʱȻ͸¶һ˿Ĳá
ҲݲáôߡԵʡ
ʱ£ŵķɿ졣
ʱ䣬ҴҾȥˣû˻
죬ݸҪ̵ȴû뵽һͻȻͷݣͷˣпվ͹ɣ


355 
ʲôʥô͵ˣ
ͷǶδɵüëһﰵ
漴һ룬ҲȻ˹ȷѾȥˣʥҲȷ˷ˡ
һ߸̾飬һȥͰǴһкȻ뿪鶴졣
֮ǣʱʥˣվڴ⣬վˣӣʥŵĵӣǵΪȫﵽ˶ɽٺΪ
ˣʥŵľӢӣһѵţֻЩǣվʥ֮ǰﵽڣ
μλʥݹĶʥ򸾾һ
ˣʵ˵ʥŵʥͬʱһţͬıѡΪʥŵĵӣͬͬϲ϶ԷȻΪ¡
ֵ˾ȵǣǷͬʱﵽɽڣȻͬʱɽ٣ͬʱΪڣͬʱ
ԴˣҲԾȲѣڣȴˣΪĪɻʱ˵һ䡰Сޣֻһر˫޹ûʲôþȵġ
ԣݲ֪һĻ
ݣˣʥ
λʥô죬Ҫ𣿣ȻѾ֪ˣȴһ䡣
ѽʱ׾Թ϶գۼ͵ӡʥЦ
ЦЦû
ʵķ죬һʱ䣬ҲõȴҪˣڴ֮ǰҪúõһ𣡡
ʥĻĵɫЩѿȻʥȾ͸ǹݽʥػ顣
Ҳ֪ʥʲô˼޷ǾһЩ֮İ֮ġ
£ݵ˵ͷҲã˴ȥҪټһ£Ҳʥġ
ʥ򸾺߽ڣˣȴǾڴȴ
飬ͬԤϵġ
ʥ˵һϻȻԹʥŵݣȻְ߸ĴϢʥеÿϢ֮飬ȫݣЩʥûв˽Ϊֻ֪ϸܹܺõػ硣
֮һЩ֮ĻʥҪݵİæһȥ
ʱڽ̸š
֪ʦôģȻһʥţˣҲһǶɽٳΪʦôô
ǣʮڣʮѣѵҪô𣿣
٣˵ֽѵǸСһ٣ʱ֪ǵ

̸ҷȻֹ
ΪǶоĵڣѾ߳ˣæͣһϹϾģ
ʥĿɨʱǶʱ̧ͷֱӵûˡ
̧ͷͦأ
ʥŭȵʥŵӣȻŶûУʲô˵ʥŵӣǾͲö𣿣
ԣ˻æ̧ͷͦأֻǵʥɨǵʱǵ۾ȻЩ˸
ԴˣʥɸֵĿˣ
ȻҲ˵Ľ̸Ҳ⣬֮飬˭ƾնһͷ˾Ҳܡ
ңرһΪǲˣȴ֮ϣǿ϶᲻
Цֻǿʥİš
ʥҲ֪ݿֵ̬ӵƣӣνǰˡ
ʥﰵʶ̩ɽļһ֪ݵʵǱĿֲǿߣ˵ûˡ
ʥ뵽ʱԺһ뵽ѽ⼸ҺûٿĪǰˣ֪
뵽ʥͻȻЦŶ˵ݣ֪ĪǰڲڣҷڼҪԱеĸл֮顣
Īǰǰ
ʥŵȻŵĿʥǲ֪ΪʲôԼǸ߸ϵʦΪʲôͻȻ֮䣬ȴôĹ
ݵЦݣʱҲӵŨ
Ȼ֪ʥʱ뷨ʥڵģĪвڣƾԼʵ޷ػס磬ҪĪбˣſԷĵ
ιĪл쵰˼ҪĤķˣ㻹ǳȥһ˰ɣҪȻ˼һʳѰģ
ȤĶĪ˵
ǻѣ𲻰ɽˡĪƲƲ죬˵
˵˵ĪлǴ˸
ƾռ䣬Ѫɫΰڰ֮УĪǿȻʧɫ
ֲϣ˶𾪲ѡ
ʥ򸾺⣬ӵɫ׷׵ıˣ


356 
μĪǰ
ʥ򸾾ϲĶĪоһ
УĪֻǵĵ˵ͷʥӣĪ۶ûƹ
ӣѾȫˡ
ʲʲô
£ȻǿߣǿֲƣǲŭϣȻĿ޵еʥʦҪǿ󣿣
ǿߵʲôˣȻҪԼʦػ߶Ҫ˵ǰĴڣ
˴ʱνǷ𾪲ѡ
ӵı֣˶ҲûоȣԴˣԤϡ
жĪзһۣѾģʲôͷȫˡ
棬ݻǷǳģĪкôԼˣ˶ĪеʵôηôԼôҲмֹ⡣
ңղű˼ӣںôһڶ
ʵʥҪĪгԭ򣬾һ㣬Ǻݵ뷨ıϡ
Ϊʥ֪ڵΪɽǿǰŻߣԣ֪ݵı󣬻ĪгĻݵȨаθ߲١
ɮ濴棬ݵǲĪеӣ˭Ҳ
Լӵı飬ʥǺģھϣԼĵӾݣηݣݲŻᰲĵԼػ硣
Լĵݣʱ˵ػ磬ݾǰѲͱһҲûסˣ
ݾǺȻŵĴǣӵ֪֪
ʥ絶ɨˣᶨžԵϡ
֪ʦ
һͦأ˵
ֻǣһϸ΢ȴŴ˳ɽٺڳ͵Ҷ磬ʲô£λȻǿߵ࡭
Ȼǳϸ΢ڳˣһ˵Ϊǲľǿߣ
˶İ׽
ʥɫʱһӵеһˣʱŵͷЩ£ȴȻžǿͲû˿Ļ⣬·ڸʥûдֻʵʵ˵ѡ
ţݣȻǿҪʥҮҪһ£ŲŲƨɣñ𵱵ʥζΣ
Īеƺ˲ɢһаĸоݴȤ˵
Ī쵰жԶԶ
ԣʱһۣݺݵĶĪ˵
СôСŲϡʥλأ㰮㵱ȥĪƲƲ죬ݱĵ
ݺĪ˵ֶԻʥѾϤˣûôĴСֵģӣȴ¶˾㵺͹졣
ȻˣһʦҪǿĴ˵Ļǻǵһμ
ǸܵУûһж֤˵ĹϵͬСɣʮֲһ㡣
ԭˡ
лȻΪڸǵʦҲʥΪʲôҪݵʥŴԭ򣬸˼ұпɽɽһǿĴڡ
ҪȻǲΪΪһɽٺڳڵĴڣһһԭʥųκιϵʲôʸʥȻǴģǣҲǲܵģ
ֻǹưˡ
ϸ΢һδ˳
˶ǶôĲǶôĲ
ȻϸС˵֮ˣԾ֪˿õȴ˵˵ˣ޷Ǿ˵ֲ֪ҵ涥ײʥĪУԼװ죬ػصıﲻ֮顣
磬ұ죡
ʥȻȥʥѾŭа仰ͽסȫΪʥɽһ꣡
ʥĻǸˣһ
һ꣡
ͷ˵زأ˵᲻ᣬǰټһΪǾͲͬˣԣĵӣﻹЩˡ
Ҳû˲һ£Ǹʥŵӣ˵˵ʵ̫ˣƣֱǹ
ƢȻãҲûбҪȥ
Ҫ֪൱ڳֺãԼʥػ磬Ҫʥŵӵⲻƨô
ʥж飬Ҳ٣ͱǼ飬ݿʱѾ˦ȥˡ
ǣҲ׼Ӳıס
ͻȻЦݣĵȥ
飬Īüëһ϶ʱһֵı飬ֹǣģƺҪˣֿˣϲ
ʥ߳ҪڣȴʾֹЦº͵Ķ˵
λѣʣڲ𣿣


357 
ڲ𣿣
ͻȻʻڳ˶һ¡
⻰ʲô˼ѵ𣬿ǣƣΪʲôЦôĲá
翴Цݵݣһַǳĸо룬ΪʲôЦݿôĲ⣬ȴܵ޾ıϢ
ȻʥĪУȴη壬ʮֵĲ
ݵǰ綨Ȼǲġ
ݵʻȻ̧ͷݺɻĵûдҵȷǲΣ
ԣЦɣûбֳ˿Ĳ
ֻǼЦʵеʵĻΣɣѣʵ˵㵽Ҫôܹķڷˣҿ԰ϵĻǷǳԸϵġ
仰·صΪ룬ȴܵһɱĸоŭĿݣ
ĪȴʮȤĿ·ĪкԭӦʱĸܵķŭ
ÿݷŭʱ򣬾Ī˷ܵʱˡ
ʥȻûĪô˽ݣǣʥȴоڿʼƣݴʱ飬ûбϵôá
ʥ򸾣ͷɵĵγһ亹Щŭ
磬ûʲô³Ա˳ţΪʲôҪȥһھǣʲôףʵʵĸӣڣǾҪҲǲˣҲţݲôɡ
ʱʥﶼһֳ嶯ϣݿǽѵһ
漴һ룬ôǵĵӣǱˣôҲûй⣬ǵزҪ棬Ǹǲܣ㲻ΪҪֺݣԱߵĪУǲ
ң˵ǻҪݰæ£òͷˣ϶ҪΣʥݺ飬ɴһֻ۱һֻۣǰզզء
˸˼ݵ⣬Ҳŭȼգԥ˵ʲôҪҷǲܣԴң
ưĿݣ˵ô˰ɣҷбʹң
ǣ֮⣬ݲûκκµҲûбŭļȻЦʵȷһҪ𣿣
ݵľٶʵͷԣﰵЦЦЦЦʲôЦ񾭲Ƶġ
ݵЦݣоôĿɶᡣ
ûдҪҷͱңԴңʱҶ˵Ψհ
߸ߵ̧ͷ­ʮֵĸ߰һƵݣ뵽ȻݶԼˣҲָˣΪʱʦҪǿңҲ˵¶˵ģʱʦҪңҲûκεˣ
ϲˡ
ƣЦĸˣǺðɣҪһķڷģԣ㻹ǵҴɡ
ݾͺںеѳ̸һǳĸˣǣĻȴôôĴ̶
Բѣ˵仰ɣ
ŭĿЦ
ʱЦ
ݵ飬ʱ׼ŭˣݾһ󳰷ôˣ㲻˵Ҫô˵ˣѵ𣿣
ݡ
ԣС˵Ĳзչǰ;ι˵СӣѾĿɱŴ󻰣ҪȻ֪ʶ𣬱Ƕˣ
Īһ߼üŪ۳ȴ˷˵ĵͲֿ
ĪеĻ˵Ƕ΢΢鴤һǿ߸˵ĻҲһĪвû̻ݵʱһ
ֻҪǿ߲ͷĻԼͲˣ
뵽
˵ף绹ƲݣݵԭֻĪжѡ
ԣҲݲϣųԼŭԭΪҪ֪ݣ򵥵ĿĪв߹ģ
Ҳ˵ԭΪڵ˵ʲôʱпգ˵ʱ͵ص㣬Һô㣬ķڷ
ݵĻһƵ˵
ãܺãôĿ
Ӳıá֣ҵҪʵû㳶ţƤô󣡡
ϻ˵ģֻҪ˵ʱ͵ص㣡
ԭЦ϶ʱһתļΪͷ˵
ͻת䣬ôҶЩ㵡
类һȣҲɵЩ㶣ɫһһף任ãߺ޵Ķ˵ʱڣصб£ң


358 ˲ˣ
ʥ˵Ҳˣ𣿣
ûлش𣬷ǿʥʵûԵ֤ˣ
ԣʥҲֻʣ˿ЦûУô棡
ʥ򸾻ܹ˵ʲôֹܹ𣿣
棬ǰοԼҪģˣҵҲˣҪˣʲô˵ݴ֮ſ϶һأʱػ磬Ҳӵ˳һ㣬ǰһģûҪᡭ
ʥǡǡ෴
ĸӣȴĥƲȭһԾԾԣһҪſµģ
ʦּͣſ֪ǵ
ѽΪһ

Щ˷׷׶
ҲʮĶǹ˹֣һгģ
ֻŸո̤ɽٺڣȴѾ̤ɽٺڶ꣬һͿԴﵽɽٺڴԲĴڡ
ټʥŵӣ᲻СɳʿĶ֣
ԣ㹻š
֮Ƿǳ󣬴棬ҲǳȻ㷶ΧЩʿ˵ȷЩխСֻд裬һҲ޷ˡ
˶˵ſڣаĪУǰеĿյݺˣȥˡ
ҪҪ˵ô䣿
翴ݣһЦʵ
ͷ·ѾȷˣǱɡ
ˣΪʱȻ˵ġһ䣬赭дĻشͷ·˵һƽ顣
㡭
֣ݶ죬ǵѡԣѡ˳Ĭ
̸ʱĪкʥΧ˽磬Ϊ˷ֹǵսᲨ档
ɣ
ɣ
Ϭ趯ͻȻ뿪żɵľ룬໥š
ӣڴ磬ϣݣΪһ
Ȼޱȣȴûκεиݾˣ˭۶жǿȫԸ
Ϊɽٺ۷ǿߣһﵽԲսϣҲǳ侲ղǿŸģƽ
ڵĿģǴݣ
Ͻ
粻ȴһ־ǿķӡ˲Ѿɣ֮еȻգϹۣȻ롢ڼǧУ
ʵǧɽֻôһķɽģɵĽâѣ
ɫǧâУʹÿһâ̺ſâΧϸСɫͬ߰ơ
ǧâǧĿµߣſֲǿϢ˴ռ䣬ѹ˹ȥ
տʼҪѹݣ˿Ļᡣ
һԣĪеаЦŨˣʥ򸾣ȴ˲ҡҡͷ֪Ѿˡ
ȻʥŵӣǾΪˣչս棬ĥĴڣͲһء
ڣһ־ǴУƾеĶսУʮּɻģΪоζģƾеĶ֣϶ǲһʹġ
ôеֱӺǺߣȻ󱻻ܣ
ʥ򸾵ΪȻһ۾Ϳаˣ棬Ѿȷճ֣Ѿ˰ܾ֡
ʥԺҪǿʵսˣʥε뵽
ʱϵս
ϽƷǷʮǿ󣬼е·ֻϤݵˣͲֳֺõ顣
ΪֻҪǺսʿǶֲ֪ģǿĹֶΣû
ˢˢˢ
ңľ磬Ѿﵽĵز
Ͻʩչһ˲䣬ѾԭӰ˲Ѿͬһ磬ǧâ϶УƮ˳ȥ
͡䣡
ĽâһӰȻͬпֱӺ˽ϣϣ죡
˻գϲɵ¶˾㵣·ڲţ𾪵ģȴں棬磬ɨһǰȴ֣ѾȫʧȥݵӰ
ôܣ˲ˣ
ոշֵȫѾ𵽼£ʶæڣֻ֤ҪУһ˿˿Ϳ̵ĺ񱩵Ĺ
ǡ
ƾʧˣ
ͫ΢ʹʶƵػɨһһ飬ȴȻҲݵӰ
𾪣𾪣ʱ淭ͷϣҲɵĵγ亹̫ˣʵ̫ˡ


359 
ݵļһѵǸΪʲôͻȻʧˣ
һѺĿ궼ûˣھǧֶֹΣҲû˿ô
ž
һľš
ǣȴûз֣ıһϹЦݵʿѾվá
޳ݵӣ˭
ݾվı󣬿ǰͬӰ㾯ŵ磬϶ȤЦݡ
ʶļһ
ﰵҡҡͷڸղʩչңһ˲䣬ݾѾýȫϢסˣƾڽԲľ磬ҪԼϢȫأֻ׾ٶѡ
ҲˣңɿƵı綼޷
һݵңͽʵǿֲҲΪ磬ʶ̫Ϊʼգû˫ۣȥɨս
һԵĪӣҲоʮֵȤʥ򸾵ǸСޣǸ˲ţ
⻰ʥ򸾶ɵˣƲͷȥɵվš
ˣǶ˶ѼˣʥŵӣȻڵһغϣȫʧȥ˵˵Ӱң˾ıվôãȴɵû˿Ĳ
ʱ䣬Ҫֱ׾練ơ
ӣҲ뵹һ
ݸղŵĲղŵٶȣֱǵһη֣̫Сˣ
ƾٶϢվʱǸһ
ﰵԴȣǰ绻ǣܷܲݵټ
ţĸ˾ðһ˿亹ֲ̫ˣʵ̫ûˣ
ΪãյĴȻܣ
Ҳû˿գȥ׽ݵһΣǸоЩѲˡ
磬ȻʶɨΧʱƣԽԽš
ӶΪһѺ죬Ҫ磬ȴڹ
ҪǷҪ׷׵סǣȻҪǾǿһɣԭĸˣ
ɲԺΪЩ鷳ģԣ׼һúõһ
ȻҲңҾɡ
ٺһЦļ򣺡٣վŲʲôء
ݵľٶֱֱ
ˢ
һɫĿ£ݺɨȥ
ִ֮£ƲһЦαˣɵĶһȻ󾲾վŻæ磬΢΢
룬þûкʿˣɽǣǱһȤ
֪뷨һͷײǽϵ˼ˣѵ˵ֻƽӵĵζ𣿣
ԭͽһģڸղͬͻȻһģʱоԼһģͻһĸŵҪĳˣ
ҿǶɽٺڽӽԲľǿߣæѹסĵĻңԼԵ÷ǳƽ
ǣôΣϣһЩȡ
ΪκͶˣ
öɽٺ۷ľǿߣȻֲһͬȼҪѷһΪĶ֣󣬲һûб˼˵ҪǴ˳ȥҲûˡ
ģһҪһѩǰܣ
簵ԷݣתֱݣȻͻȻµӡϵɫɽȻֶȻ޴ӡĽҲȻݺȥ
̡ɨ
Ŀ£޴ɫڻǧɫӰΪʥľԵʣǵ̺˿˿׵
ȻţȡеĺȻ׵磬кȻĴ
ԣһһʽУ̺׵֮ڣҴܣؽӰУɫС裬âɣ֮Ǵ⣬Ӱס
Ƿ˺ˣһĶݾһٿը
ŭģȴǹ޵аЦǧӰ治ɫĲͬͥŲӰһȴǡôĶܵعƫƫݱֵķǳУŭ
һҧгݵĶݿ䡣
ǣ˴˵ݣνľǿߣȴҼһ㡣
ֻˣ߶ɽڴԲͺñǿߣſԼҵȤˡ
ﻹ˼Щ⡣
Ȼͣ﹥ƣȴͬǽһ㣬ŭĶݾһݣֻ֪ģʲô˼ֱǸث֣бºӲƴӲ


360 ôԸ
ѾǳķŭˣԸղ⻰Ͳ˼ĺ˳
ǣ֮һ룬ԼҲɵĸеѣʿ֮սνǳΪ߿ܣֻпȡʤӮҡ
˵ݸղȫǿʵϵĸǿȥģҲΪһ֣
Լ˵ֻʵȡ֡
е߳ܣǱݸˣҲܻûӡ
ʥ򸾺Ӹˣﰵ磬˵ôǵĻֱڶʥŵ
仰ŭȴЦˣζȻֱֱͣվһʵֱ硣
ʵⲻ֪ĻǺԭ⡣
˵ҪӲӲ
һ㶣ҪϣȴȻסˡ
Ϊݲ˵ĻᣬһµôԸ
ݵĻԭҪϵٵüëһԭ˼Ҳ仰֮ɢ
ݵĻŭ뵽Ǻãҿûб㣬οԼ˵ģ
һҪ˵ǣһ룬ɫͻȻˣ
ݵӡ쵽˶Ӧ
ˢ
ŸոտݣݵĽӡȴѾʩչϣĶ쵽ۻң룡
齣衪٣
ңӦڰжȻһǧ񽣼˲ͳڽУռ˽֮һλã
ƣѹŵ˺һ˸о޷ƥеǿƽâ
ң񽣺;ǿǿ֮£һֱӽУǿƣĪкʥ˺µĽ綼ʼ
ڵΪҪʩչ齣֮٣ֱ
٣
һһǧϵϣŻЩס磬ֱӺ˹ȥ
Ȼսʱ񣡡
ȵ練Ӧң񽣴ŲɵֵѾ˹
ܵң̺ĿϢɵһͷƤ飬ʱ˸ղųġӲӲĴ󻰣ȴֱһ㲽˸ҪԶݣ
¡¡
֮
ԭлֱȻȴȥң񽣺ڿմ죬ҿнػټ֮ǵʯ⣬ûбŰĲӡ
亹֣߳ŭ
ȻܵݵһղԼǾһȻ˼ʱɫһһף
ڸղţ澹Ȼ˱ܵ뷨
е߳ܡ
һԴģ
Ȼħ
ͻȻһ𷨾һΣȫӿ޾ĿУſֲ֮
ǿӿյɫУʱɫǰδеٶȷɿǴţʮɡɡ
һ޴ɫͣǽֻôɫ»Ҫӵǿ
׼һˣȻһѹὣ
ɨһУ
ݣֱӿɫݺɨȥ
ͨ쳹صŴ׳׵ƣͬһɷߣȡĿֲ
ڣȾһƬɫǿ׵磬ҪÿռڵĿ˾޴ĵȻħǴװĺȻ޷ӣ
֮ʿ˵ֲȻţȴԽַ֣֮ŷɥ
ǣƫƫˣ첻أ
ٵĵڰ˵ٵھŵ٣ŭĳͽףЩҿˣģʲôã
ȻħȻƷǷȥŻŻ˵ԣЩʽݵȴпá
棬ЩмԸ⣬Կһغ֮¾ͰܣҪǸʲôɱˣ
ţݵĽ쵽ۻң
齣֮ǧؿն
Ը磬ʵڲҪ̫ľԣֱʩչƽ
ڸߣھ
ϤòϤĽ˳ȥ
䡭
âͬһһ˳Ǳ޴ɫȥ
ɫĹâֱӸסɫ棬ﲻıը
ۻңâɣŰռŰ±üΪȶ
ڣâɢȥĳ¡
һɫӰڳ˵֮УͬӲվţοݣȴصĹԡѹסˣ


361 ߲
Уֻһ˰š
ɫɽȴһͬɵ˽ԵǱ͵ɫɽҲ塯һڵϡ
ղŻޱȵɫɽϣʱһͬѵѺۣʣɽѾƻˣΪ˵磬ضҲܵǣ
ʱڣڳͷɽܴܴ˫ش£λѪ˳
𾪣ǰδе𾪣
ʥ򸾣Ҳݸղչֵʵһ
һɽٺ۷ӽԲľǿߣһֱֵ࣬ңղݵս˭֪ûóı£
һֱˣһģô˵ݵʵǿԺͶɽٺڴԲΪǴΪ𣿣
Сӣ̫ǿˣܹɹٵĵھ٣ǴʲôżȻ
ʥͫ΢΢һﰵ𾪵
ݣһδεĳǵϣȻǰݶλܸߣȴǱǶλģҪֲĶ࣡
ݴʱչֳʵǻҪ͹ݣҲȷЩ꣬Ѿٶˡ
ʥﲻûмʣܸˣҶˣݾûĪУƾʵҲϣػס磡
ӣѾŴĿһ̫ˣ
һֱСƵĶʵǸоһֳصѹȸС
ݶսǲң
棬ҲҷݵʵǣѾͬǿʵ
ֻǣȻڣΪʲôһո̤ɽٺڵʿԱǶҪ˱ʵ
ϣѾ˼ž
㲻ҪӲӲ𣿣
һͬȰƮıϣһ䣬˵
ԣ˳Ƥȴֻ¶޾ĿЦԳ
ڸղŵĶսУǱݵķˣòϣ磬ݵĶ֡
ϣ¶Ƿϵ顣
ˣ֪ѾӮˡ
ˢ
ݶȻնȫû˿ıأȫӿ˳罣ʵʰƣͬ˺һеĽâ
ڷԣħţ
Ϊʿ꣬ľΪɽٺھǿߣȴ㶼첻
絶ɨӣеһеǸе
ͬɱ񣺡ԺǲʱңһǷģߣҷ
һûз֮ǰʥŵӵļӣҪҵ飬򡭡
ĻǸоһӿʵɱŨɱǾþԵбģ
Щֻ֪չصʥŵҪӵģ
ڣѣңڷ𣿣
ͻȻתӸµĿ磬΢΢һң񽣶Ȼǧɵ˺Ѳɫâ
ңݵı󣬰Ⱦ綥صħ
ҡҡ
Ÿ߿еݣ죬Ҫ˵ȴ˵
ɫãشͷĸԸĵڣˣ
ˣ΢΢һǣˣһĨŨЦ⣬֮
ǳã
ٴɨɨӣһĨԱЦݴЦݣһ⡣
ʱȫգڵϣңҲеĹâջڡ
٣ʥûУѾˣдѾˣ׼򿪽𣿣
ʥ󺰵
ʱǺݵĻеʮֵĶˣڣȴûȥݱԹΪһУԼȡ裡
ղţնħģѾӵ£һӶ޷ʿħưڣ
ò˵ݸղһϵеȷȫˣ
òɵĹǶССһѣǿĹֱӰѹסһغϣǿƵķܣټ֮ݹͷŵƣ˵ĻһУݱüΪǿƺϣ
ݵı֣ӣҲ
һһۣݵÿһ𺳺ͳǸ߰飬Ȼǵĸ߰ŰĲӣ󣬸һ޷ֿ߲ʵ
ɽٺڽӽԲǿߣײˣһǶĳ˲˾߶ĳ˲˾ηǣǸ߲ʵĴʱ
ô뷨ͺĨˡ
ζսݵĵλǵĿУֱԺʥλã


362 ֵĪ

ĪкʥĿ£ܿʧؼ䣬ݾֱĻߵĪеıϡ
ݣñԽԽˣ
ʥ͵ĻȴܸоЩǣǿζΪʥ΢΢鴤ǣͿԿ
˵˵Ҳʥŵĵӣȴݸ磬ңݵΪǵеÿһˣ硭
ɣʹˣʥŵӣѾݲ˾ηʥ֪ԼӣԺݵ˼
ֱʿԼ硣
⵽Ǻ£ǻˣ
ʥЦջǰ԰οԼˣݵƷֲǲ֪ǲʥȤģңǸŶûУΰԼػ磬ݲҪʥŵҪĽһĵλſ
ʥ򸾲С֮ˣܿйؼ
˵ףʥһг㣬Ϊ˲硣
ʱĨǵѪҲ˹
ղݶʵ飬ȻˣƲǺأղݴܵģǿŸ߰ġ
ڱʽΪȻŵĴǻû
ʥһۣ˵
ԣЩΣͷҡƵûûǼӵ
Ǻã汾ȥɣҸ徻ĵطҪɽˣ
˵գʥԽ¶һĨ˸С
ڲػôֻ֪̤꣬ʥһ𣬾Ϊػڵġ
磬ǵһУ
ȴҪ뿪磬ͺñʧȥ˺ǵ棬һ顣
ܹΪģľ纣ԨѾɲ⣬ʥ򸾺ܿĨ¶˸ιȥ
ȥ˷ɿĻһȻһͬʥ򸾣뿪֮ǡ
Ϸһɽ֮ء
ﻨ㣬ҷ˱ǣżг֮ŷ紵ֵ죬һĿĴȻɫĲ֪ҰҲŤ·ڻš
һѵõ徲֮ء
徲֮أȴ֮͡
ʥȷھͷɽ𣿣
ݿǰʥ򸾣һ䡣
ĳҪȴȻɼıȷǱһ㣬Լ񲻿գ
ʥҷĿſݺݵһ·ҪԼС
Ҳԡݵͷٷ
ʱʥѾһҰڱǼš
һ˸ݣҲı黳ˣ֪ΪʲôͻȻ뵽Ԫ½뵽ݳǣ뵽ǸϤĵط
ݣˣ
ͻȻʥת˵
һᾡġݵ˵ͷ
ݵĻʥ򸾷
ټ磡
ʥͻȻһ֣ǶҰ䣬ȴ񷣬ૡ

ʥ򸾶ȻŷеƣڵĿֲƣƺӦ⣬ӿ
ʥȴȫŨ֮ȫӿ˳ŨƵ֮ɽ֣ʱЩľͬһ㣬Ȼۿɼٶ
ʥһȴţǷͻȻһ֣Ƶֱ֮ӿϳգ
ǡ
գ𻯳ɣ
֮ϣԭͶĵطͻȻѿһ볲Ƶ߲ͨ޴ֱ߲ͨӳ·ɿӣֱ䵽Ƭɽ֮ϡ
߲ͨųҫȴ͵Ĺâ͵ĹƬɽУĲľڷ׳š
ݲͨĳȥ
޴ͨյľͷӡ
ͨľͷǴ˵еɽ𣿡
ݵɵӿ˼ֺ档
ʱʥ˵Σȴͬʱһ복֮ͨС
ͨһ˲䣬ʥ򸾷·ܵ˼Ѹٵͨ޾ڶȥ
ʥһ̿һݣȻİ綼ӡУٵûͨľͷʧ
أ
ԽԽģʧߵӰĬһ䡣
ʦ
ӣʥȥ¶˸УϾǽ̵Ǽʦ飬ǲû˿
ʥֻȥɽ磬ǺúŬΪǿߺ󣬽ҲȥǸطʱǾͿˡ
ݿǣĶ˵
ǣݵȴͻȻӵĪУʱĪдʱԵЩ֡


363 СϢ
ݵϣҲĸ˼ֹ졣
˹ȥ
Īдʱжһ޵꣬޾գ·˼ҲѾȥɽͨһֱĿľͷֱӴǸ˵еɽ硭
ʥʧɽͨʼɿɢܿʧؼ䣬Īȴδ֪
ٴλָƽ·ղʲôûз
ĪеɫڱţȻ׳ŭʧ䡭
ݴûĪϿ
ԿóĪдʱ淭ܴ
һУݶҪοȴ޴˵ֻóĬ
ֻǣ棬ȴĿ϶Ī϶˼ƤЦѲЦ£һ޾ıˡ
ţСӸĿű
Īдӳѹȴ˼ĿԼĪк񱻷ʲôƵģϵĻһţһ룬ĪȴͻȻֵĶ˵
ٺ١
Цȴ뵽ԼʶĪ
ݸɴ಻ĪУת˵ʥѾˣҲûȥ˰ɡ
ݴʥŵӣص֮ǡ
ݵıӰĪеУ¶ӵ飬һ̾ĪҲ˹ȥ
ʥɽ磬ʥλõģݡ
Ҫĵһ£ǰԼػϢĽ
ſս˳ʦѾ֪£ĽҲţԵݰϢǺҲûбֳ̫ľȡ
ֻǣݲ֪ţѾ߽ĸ߲дˡ
ÿĸ߲ﶼ֪ƹܲĽһݵģո̤ɽٺڵʿ
ǣɽٺڵʿȴ˿СΪӵڵʵսңݵı󣬻һǶҪӵĳȻڣ
һʱ䣬ʱࡣ
һУݺʥǰԤϵġ
ԼεϢȥΪ˲һЩʥ޹ؽҪ飬ԣԸȥƹһЩ޹ؽҪ顣
еĴʦ֣ҲϣڵĴڣԣƹһЩˡ
ٶܳӾòԼǰǰѣû뵽ڻôԼ
Уݸӵĳ羴Ρ
ݵϰѴ󲿷ֵȫ紦Լǻص鶴죬ԭƽ
ݵûб仯٣˺ʥ򸾷ɽ磬Ϊ˲ػߣҲǹһѣڲսʱڣҪĵĲ
ƽĹţº
ϥڣȴͻȻĸܵһĪģļ¶
ݲɵüëһϸϸӦһ£ȴּ֣¶ԴǩԼС죡
ݲϲԭСϢ
ѵС
Ҫ֪СԴϴڼſս̵󣬾һֱݵڻԲѣĪ˵εĽС
һֱνС죬ȴͻȻһϢݵͷ
ϲķ֣ϢԽԽǿʢ
ȻС죬СҪ𣿣
СѾӽûκˣȻͻȻĴôǿҵϢβϲأ
ôõС죬ҲҪһˣԼƽӣֿԶһζˡ
ٺֱЦ
ݳСӣ͵ŰɣСܻһ޴ľϲ
ĪиܵСı仯ЦĴҿݵҹ󣬼ʹĪɣҲ㹻
ϲʲô޴ľϲ
Щɻ󣬲ĪЦҲû׷ʵףȴѸľ񣬼Сϡ
ʱݵǰͻȻųȵĺ⣬ֱӰҶȾһƬѪ죬ҿͬȼգѪɫ㡣
Ȼ䣬һʨ𵴣ǰһһŻӰ˲ռҴռ䣡
Ӱӣʵȴһ޴ĻѪ룬Ѫ棬ӿš
ֻʱѪ룬ȴѾֳҪѵļ

ȻڣһѲ˳һ˿ϸСѷ죬ѪϷȳ֣ȻѷϷ·ʼڷɿӣ
ѷͬ֩㳯ΧɢͬѰ㣬һģѪɫ޼ѿ
𡭡
һ޴ʨ޴Ѫ룬·ڲܵ˿ֲĳٿأѪϷȻѿһ޴ѷ죬һŻӰȻȻڰУ
ݺĪæȥ


364 㲻
ôһѪҵСأ
ȥ֮󣬲סˡ
ڰзʨСĴڣȻһѪɫţֻű棬ȻлƯë
Ŀ࣬ܿ죬ַ˲Ծ
ţԣǱһ˫Χסˣ
һͷӦٴϸһȻ
ʵҲϸΪʱѾ˶ͻȻչһ˫޴Ļɫ˫ֱסңҴӰ
ݱ֤Ҳ򻹿չĸ
紹֮ľ޴ĻչӰӣҲ¶Ŀ
ⲻС˭
ͨͬȼŻ׳֫Ѫɫдһ˿Ƥֻǲ֪ΪΣС˫ߴȴôһԾ޴Ļ
С죬ôʨˣ
ݿС⸱ģֺǵЦ˻
ݳЦٴο˿ԼģСʱһƣĿݡ
һʮίģ
𡭡Գʵǡ̫ѿ̫ˣֱǰʨүҵˣţʨүҲˣ
СƵĹǺš
ʱڵĺȴȻĿʼСӿ룬ѵѪɫ޼룬ȻҲ޾ӿȵĺɫֱӿСڡ
𡭡
쳣ۺĿֱֲӰѻݺúõ̸̸С죬ֱӳǵһС

ݿŹʣ׹ڵϵС죬ﲻһ
ʲô£
ܿ죬С쵽׷ʲô£ΪЩ޾ĺ⣬ֱӿСںСͬݣĸܵСΪһֲֿٶȷɿţ
ʣЩ⣬ȫʵʵڵĻСΪ
ԭСһո̤ɽٺڣڵС죬ȴֱӳɽٺ۷ʵң⻹ǽ
ԽԽĺӿССΪɽٶȰûãСΪֱӴﵽ˶ɽٺ۷壬ǣû˿ݵ˼ӿȵĺ⣬ֱôﵽɽٺ۷С죬ɽٺڴԲƽ
ʱɿţһʱСﵽ˶ɽٺڴԲʱСѾǵĴﵽ˼ޣ
ΪСûжɹ٣ԣܽޣǶɽٺڴԲ
ǣȻûͣЪȫСӿ˽ȥ
𡭡
С챻˺Ѹ鲻Խķһʹ
ݲǣǣȻ䷢֣ӿȵĺ⣬Ȼ·ɽţһ㣬ӿСٽԼӿԼڣ
Ӧ˵Լ£С쳬ݵΪԼתݣԴԴĺⲹתݵ
СڣγһѭǣСȴʱʱ̵̿ҩּҪʹࡣ
Сƺʹһص
һʱȥˡ
ݵΪȻҲﵽ˺˵ĶɽٺڴԲ
һʱʹﵽֱӵĴﵽ˶ɽٺڴԲݵɴ۾š
У޾ĺѾһ룬Ȼжĺ⣬ȴҲСѾ͵ڡ
зڣͻȻۣ޾ĺ⣬ڼգۼһöļС
öȼŻĺɫɿûСĶͷʱСĶͷһС
ڵĺȫɢȥСſڵϣȫâܿƵţҲһʱҲӦԼǿΪ
̫죬ڸûüȥƿغӦ
⣬ʲô°
ݿЦãȵȴûжϲ
컯Ūˣ
ݿЦһЩ꣬һֱûпȥΪҪôȥ٣ԭ򲻼򵥵ΪҪڲһ㣬ػ硣
ΪҪģΪҪ鶴죬ǳһ㡣
Ȼݲ¾٣ǲһ򣬾һһûжɹ٣ݾ׷Īˡ
ԣݿԼȥ񣬾ԲҲֱӳ˶ɽٺڴԲǿˣ޳㲻㡣
Ψĸ̾
ʨүҸղôˣ
Сվһã૵
ղŲһûб
ݷһۣƲ˵
ǾʱݵͷȴͻȻһɫһ䣬˲Ȼ˹
ССӣǿ뿪鶴죬ģô͸ӦǵʵﵽɽҪپҪˣ


365 Ĳ
æһ׽סС죬ӿƵӿ˳Լ
ˢ
гһģɫӰ
ֱӳɱ֮鶴ĵֻоһ󼲷紵
ȥʱȴʲôҲûзֻ֣ǣ鶴ԭʵġһϴʣȴͻȻȥ
ʱƷƱãɸֵǣЩƲû鶴춺ãǷɿ뿪鶴죬ȻԶƮȥ
鶴ҳϿֻһСᣬٴλָʡ
Ϸ
ݱǰδеٶȣڰʱң鶴֮ϡ
ޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣ֻʣ·ڵţ
ƻԵƽһУݲŻҴææƬޱ޼ʵĴ󺣣꼰㣬鶴ǡ
ʱ֮ϣѾīƷ׽ٵڷɿš
Сæ˿ǧɣӦɽ١
Ϊ̫ϵĽ໥Ӷγһ޴ƵĻôƷĽƻͲһһôˣ
һɽ٣ӵΣգ
ԣʶȤķָղΪ˲꣬һ·񱼼ۣȻҵ̵ľ޴򣬿һ·ϣǻ˲ٵʱ䡣
ʱڣϵĽƣѾ˼£ûеȵݻ
꣡
׳׵ӽ͸¶˺һеƣݵϣ
Ǿ٣ݲд󣬲ҲûжܻԿͷ
ڵĽףǿӲġ
Ƶ͵ĽףӲû˿ݵϡ
ֲ񱩵׵磬ֱӴݵڣݸոմʱܵ˾޴вǷӵ׵
׵ͬκһϴˢڵ
ԭΪĸ׵ĳˢ£ľޱȡ
ȡ
һ׵ɢ˶ʪȴ¶˼ϲ
ĲԼղͻΪڵüĸ겻ȶȴŰԼʱԼˢڵĹ羭ԼҲˢһ顣
ԭ񱩵ʱڽ׵Ľѵʵ˲٣ЩʣҲ׵ˢˡ
ףû뵽ɽٻȺôȻԹȶΪ
ٺֱЦȻ£Ͼǵһףһ׶ֿôҪɹ٣Ҳñʲôϣˡ
ɵĿһףеıĿ񣬵ȴıꡣ
䣡
ʱţһʱƣ˺ѵصĴŻϢ˿Ķݿը
ڶߵ
꣡
ڣںڵٴαҫ۵ɫâ˺ѣڰ˵ͬǧӿźȻͬԶް㳯ɶ
ãǿӲסˣ
ֲܵϢݲһͷƤ飬ȻԵסڰ˵ףϴΣȴʹңϼ
Ҫ˿ӲȻܣ
ˣܳǿͿܻҷˣʱͺĪҲûá
Ѿ˺ۡ˵ݣһҧǷӲ׵ľģȻӲ׹ȥǿ١
Ժֳ︡ѩǵӰʱݻѡ˷
Ѿˣҵߵ׺͵ڰ˵׵ļʱ䲢࣬ԣݵϢʱ䲢࣬ƺء
һɣ
ţȫȻŷǿҵϹ⣬㾡ȫģȫӿȵʱͬں㣬ӿϼС
ʱϼ̬߻£
ݵΧȻûʵʰľ޴â
䣡
ڰ˵׵ϼûһ𣬷ѵصı
׵ϼ£ʱͣǣҲһֻͣһңڰ˵׵Ȼֱϼϣ
ݽһƬ·𱻴ɽУµʯȻ˺ףˮ
ԭ˵ڣʱȫҵһͿ
ۡ
ˮУѪȾСĺ档
ʹ
ԭһݣͻȻ΢΢һ¡
ղű׵ֱӸ罩תһźһЩ
찵һ뵽ڰ˵׹ȻǿԼϼס˴󲿷ֵƻըԼҪˡ
ҿûгǿ
ﰵԵһңæԼƻһͿڣƲҪ񻯣ҲǿһҡҡλεĴӺ˳



366 
ʱϢУŵķɿ죬ݵƻû޸֣УһϸСĽףѾĺ
Ȼף
ͫȻһ澪ȵĺüһĹȻûдٵھŵףûµף
ȴ£ϴȻĺܲңǱϾǶɽٺڵĳ׶Σ˵ô˵ԼѾھŵ׸նյĿסˡ
ԼѾﵽ˶ɽٺڴԲҪģݵĽһﵽ˴ԲȻֲר꣬ûҪġ
Ѿըһˣһô
ս뵽
ûĺݵϣȴûз˿졣
һжôļžôĹ졣
ݵʶڣ
ɵĿռ䶸ȻһϸС׵˺ѣ׵Ŀֱָʶݵꡣ
׵ƺܿ£ǣһΣעҪʧ
׻ûüݵѾӦΣա

޾Ľɫâͬ˰ӭ˹ȥϸСףͬηеСۣ˲䱻û
ⷭȴǣ⼸ڣ׾ͳ˹ȥ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
̧ͷŷɿɢȥĽƣɵĿɿڴЩŵ૵
Сӵ˱˻ԣ̫̫ǿˣǽԲˣûôɪˣѵǵϴĥȥ𣿣
һɪĪݱĲѡ
ٺ٣ʮӶʮϴΰ۸ĺòںôҸһڶ
ݺٺֱЦȻĪеĻղףͲϴεǵС֮ô챻ԼɵΪԼԵʡ
ǰԼͺñǽߣ꣬ȴǸݣѾʵı仯
ԣԭľ٣ȴҪɹһЩ
ԼԤϲġ
˼ʱȴͻȻ֣ھȻһ־޴ı仯
оԼʼأ֮꣬УĸܵеĲص
µһֻڷԶһ۲ҲߵŨ֡
ݸоΪһ壬ǰδеĿ顣
еһУԼĸӦ֮С
ңͻȻ֣ԼꡢԪӤҲʼɢɢǻĹâԼڡ
ʱѾ壬꣬ԪӤˡ
ݵҲڷŸı䣬ڵһĪˢţȻȫתΪ֮
ԭľźƵ罭ǴʱȴֻСϪˮϸ֮
ݷܵʵѾǷ˽Ȼı仯ʮٱ
ȻҲһֿĸоǣӹɵģȷǸܵԼˣǰδеʱ䡣
ݵļˣ˺ܾǰǴνԪӤڵĸıҲûиܵǿҵı仯
ңεı仯ԪӤڵǴΣҪǿҵĶ࣡
һֽȻĸı䣬ͺñԼԭֻƽʯͷȴ仯Ļƽ
ڵĸо޷ԱֻܹڵģԱһֱ˵һʵı仯ﵽڣҲǳΪˣΪˣǲ𣡡
ΪԪӤѾΪһ壬ԣ屻ƬֻҪ㻹һСĩ˳ȥͿԻȥΪһСĩȴ̺꣬ˣ겻ǲ𣡡
ĪеĻĴݵͷޱȣͬңһδսУ˷ޣǣȴһСѵĩȻĩĲ꣬ӲĻˣ
𣡡
ĸ֣ͺһž޴۵޻ҵƮȻƮȻġ
ֻҪǸʿһֱϵ׷ų
νÿʿ룬׷
ݴﵽ˴ڣνǲˣҲѹ˸ˡ
Ī꾹Ȼ꣬ȴˣĪнһƣȻôǿô֪Īеȫʢ״̬
ţݶԼ뷨סˣ
ĪˣֱԽԽԼˣⲻ֪Ҳ֪Īһӳһֱһּʵɫʣνضǿ
ݵ𺳣Ԫ½ڲ磬һֱûֹͣ


367 
ݣɲҪ˵̫磡
ЩϲĪг˵㲻ҪˣȻ˺ųƲ𣬿ǣҪ֪ԭҲˣһһǿ϶౶ɼǿߣǣȻˣ
ˣȻ˵ǲ𣬿ǵߣôûǿƵֶΣأ
ĪеĻ統ͷһЩκԴ˹
Ī˵ûдȻųƲ𣬿죬ɣ
ݵͷ˵ĪУҶˣ
׾ͺã𽾰㻹и·
ԴˣĪкĵͷ
Լ֮һּ¶оڤڤ֮УһֵٻԼԼҲһƮȻĸо·ʱҪ˷ȥ
һֵĸо
ݸоֻҪ룬ʱգһͨȻɽ硭
ֻҺãٻȻǿңȴǿƣ·ֻڸݣȥȥԼľƵġ
ÿһնɹ١Ϊڵʿܵɽٻٻȫϣ֮󣬲ԸԸ⣬ٻ֮ǿưɽ磬޿ɱܣܵĺǣҲûã
ĪкĵĶ˵
ھͺñһѧԹԵĽĪеĽڵΪڲ֮ϣ۶˵˽⣬Ҳ׷ĪС
ң֪ĪҲΪԼãһܷǳɡϴģ
ݣȻﵽ˼ôҲ㣬ɽ磬ʿеȼӵ͵߷Ϊ顯ꡯϡԪ
ͺñ˵ġᵤڡľڣ˼壬Ǹո̤У顯磬ԪӤϡˣڡꡯ磬ǡ塯͡ɽڡ磬עصĸ򡣡
ϡ磬ǽںϣططս
״ֻǸոͻơꡯ磬ﵽϡżѣ
ĪеĻݾסˡ
ԭʿ־Ļ֣ϣǡϡ硭
˵
ԼǴڣҲǡϡĳڣϣںΪһ̺ķ򡭡
˼ĪиЩԭѵڸеķ򣬲֮֮ģǸ򣿣
оʿԽ棬֮ģûôĿأʿڣǽһֶԵ⡣
棬һĹ̡
ͻ˴ڣӦûһһɽС뷨ǣǡǡ෴
ݲûְĪеһ£о˴ڡ
ɣ֮·ûнеƣԵ䣬ãʿһҲ׷ݵ
СԽԽ˼ˣٺ١
ӣ˱Ĺâľͷʲô
СЦʲô·ͲӶô
ֻҪһɪĪоϰԵĶݱһ

ݶʱҲԼӣɵһ죬αȻ뺣ףȫ۹ˢɾ
ȵˮʱϣѾһɫۡ
ţСҲˣ
ݣԶСߵĽƣҲʼɢȥɵķȥ

ͻȻų˻һӰȻ˳
С죬Ҳɽٳɹˣ
ͫһϲѡ
ʱСȫëյһƬĿģȴСȡĴ˫еһ˫֮ĻɫƯëѾһƬЩͺͺġ
ȴС£
Сʱȫתޣڿٵıһɽ˫ĳ˴֮ס˴Ƭգ
ֵǣСȫȻǺâתΨһôһȴڲͬǾ˫С˫ǸǺɫģݷɫ⣬˫ܱߣת
Ȼҫ۵ĺâⲢۣȴоĵǿȣͲЩâң仹ҪǿҲ˵
ԴСһԳݾ͸оСԺᷢЩıˡ
С쿴񲻴ٶ˵ʲôƵġ
ݶĪ̾С˵
ǿ϶ˣ˫򣬾൱ϵϼֿ٣Ȼɡ
ĪƲƲ졣
ŶС˫ô
ݾȵʵ


368 
ǿ˫򣬿ɹأƻڷ棬ʮֵı̬һɾҪǿ֣СҲ˵Ǵ˵ܲô
ĪƲСڲܽ׻ʨˣ֣׷ʨ
׷ʨֶİˡӣ˵
ӹɵġ
Īг˵С̵˴ûбøӶγɽʱС첻˺ʹһ̬ңСĵȼҲӾŽ޽ޣҲ൱ɽ
ɽ𣿣
ݾ㵵˵
ɽǱɻҪǿĴڣ
ĪеĻˣ˵СҪǿĶࣿ
ݼǵĪ˵˷ɡɡɣھ͵εɼĪǿһȵĪоȻ˵СĵȼҪĪлǿɻҪǿ
Ӧ˵Сķչǰ;ҪѪ˺ãڵС죬ʵҲֻɼѣֻĵȼˣ
Ҳ˵ǰСﵽʵΪʹﵽļޣǷ죬򲻿ٴڽɽޣζļޱˣҲζСʵ۷ɽ磡
ԭ
ĪеĻǶˡ
ȻСʵɽʵͬΪеˣҪ֪һֻѵľǽΪεԾѪͳĽÿֻ޶ġ
С죬̵֮ԾţȻһԾﵽɽѪ
ǽ̸ʱСı仯ȴûֹͣ

С챬ҫɺâڶȻ俪ʼɿĳСȥСҲڷɿСȻ仯
С쾹ȻʼֱȫƤëȥʨͷʼɿı仯֫ҲͻȻ˵һ㡭
Ƭ̹ȥȻĿǰС졣
Լʮ꣬һͷͷͬȼգ绢ʨͦӢˣһϮ֣һͷʨ̾ǰȻֻʮģȴ˶׳ֻǱݰһͷѡ
ĵط췢ıһ˫ĳ˫չڿĴš
⡭⡭
ĿɿڴĿǰꡣ
췢ĺɫͻȻһתѿ׵ݣݷȥݸ磡
飬СɣңҷܵԼкСһӦ
С죿
ո뵽һֳȵļѾ˽ĻУǽ˶ӵݡ
ÿٶȣ
ݰ𾪲ѣСٶȣֱԼͨٶȻҪϼ֣£ҲֻԼʩչңſ֮
С죬㣬ôԱˣ
Ȼϳ꣬ԼС죬ݻǲŵʵ
СǶ㲻֪Լª˰ɣ
С컹ûнͣĪбĵѾ˹
ԣһۣûж˵Ϊ֪ĪиձԼ϶Լ˵ԭġ
ֻǽԼܰˣĪи쵰
Īָ
ĪйȻֱ˵ޣֻҪɹ٣Ϊɺ󣬾ͿԱ仯壬Σ֮޵ĻΣ
ԭ
ͷڨڨֱЦ
ðɣȻǶɹɹˣôǾͻȥɡ
ݿ˿ɫ٣Ǵʱ䣬ڵģ鶴˿ͻȻȥǣ˵
ǣȴ֪磬ħ˴ڣŲ񷣬ޱȣдž̾ڸղţȻֶϢѾʥ֮ĵϢˣ磬ǡ
ſս磬˳ʦҲüëһ𾪣ղŶɹٵģѵݣƾձһϢɣţŶ꣬һ

˵𾪣Ȼ֪ΪѾСĪˣɿĳ鶴ȥ
ݣôкһȥˣ
鶴ڣǷݻ󣬵һʱ䣬ɵıԹ
ǣ仰ոʳڣе˶סˣˣ
ΪǷ֣ݵıϣһ췢꣬Ǳչ˫꣡
Ҫǣݺ췢ϢƮͷ·ʱԳ˷ȥ
𺳣˼ѵܡҲȻ


369 
һʱ䣬Ƕ²һЩ
С𾪵ݲɵĶ˵Һǽһ£أԡ
ܵСԹĿݶʱȻæһ´˵Ӧ˵Ӣĺ췢꣬ţûӢ꣬ʵأҵС죡
ݵĻӵǸе𾪡
ʲôǰһԳ˧췢꣬Ȼǳ׻ʨ
⡭ôܣ
һʱ䣬˶ˡ
Ƕ֪ݵ޽С죬ǰˣǰֻСèһԱȡ
ϾǼˣһ뵽ʲô
ֻɴ۾ݣǡǶɹ٣˴˵еˣ
˵ֻ޶ɹ٣ſԻΣ
ԲŻʵ
ʲôݺС춼ˣ
Сˣ
׳ˣ

ʻһХǷ׷ײˣһ죬ͬһǣе˵ɴ۾һ𾪵ġ֤ݡ
һݶʱеͷƤ顣
ңҶѡڨڨЦ
ҿ
Хǣһֱֿڵĳ嶯ѾѾģ⵽ǫ飬ڴǣн˵
Хǲɵķһۣﰧ
̫ƽˣŶãͬʱڣͬʱڣǻǺڵʿû뵽ڣȴ˴˵ǿˡ
Ҳ棺˱˵ȻҪӣŴʦ֣޵ݰ
ʵǶΪݸеˣֻ˵ĺʤģܵĶܱ˦ԽԽԶˣҲҪŬŬ
ԶοģģǿԽԽǿݴﵽڣһݺĳ嶯
ҲɵͦͦţΪôһףеԺͬʱеϣ׷׵Ĳ
ǣѩ˵飬ȴЩӣиˡԺ
ǣǵռ˴󲿷ֱ
ֻҪһ뵽ڣеˣ͡ա𻯳ɡ˸ϵһ
ڣҲζҪɽ磬Ҳ˵ݷͻǷ롣
롣
֣Ů겻ѡ
վˣȥɡ
˵ݿŮʱѾ֪ͷ˼һᣬź˽ȥ

ʱ׾Թ϶ҴҶš
ʮ꣬ͨ˵Ĵ£ǵȴֻȻеһСĲСƬΡ
ʮһֱػŲ磬Ѵ鶼ȥֻ鶴ѩ̵߽
ѩŮ֪Ϊʲô˷ʱ䣬ǰеľУʹпݣҲһЩе⡣
οͬʱҲЩĪĸˡ
ԣʮܵĴ󲿷ֵʱ䣬ڽ̵С
츳ȷټȥԶԵ⣬Ѿͬе⣬ʹĪн̵žƵݣҲ˶Զ
ҪǣΪŴԭ꣬ͷǳǿݶ޷ģҲ춨ٶ֮죡
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С쳣չأĪҲʳٳ
һٵģˡ
ʮݺĪпȴû˵ΪĪ֪ݵ뷨
ֲҪֲһЩǰԵĶ
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ݵӡ󣬴ӸտʼĲĳݣڣȴس羴ʹѾﵽΪأȴΪκεĸı䣬ͬݶأԶģĵģ
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һǻ׳־ĶĪ˵
ĪжԴˣֻ΢΢һЦУӿһĨԲĸж
ô᲻֪뷨أ˵ģֻеһ뷨뷨Ī֪ԲŻм
ݼȻ˾еҲ̹Ӻɷ򣬾˵飬ҪȥҪԥԥġ
ĪдԪ½ڣһֱΪԼľΪԼô࣬ݶ飬ѱˮ֮ӿȪ౨ԼΪĪЩʲôʱˣ
ͫ¶˼ᶨ
ڣȥ֪ͨǰɡ
룬תȥǰȥ֪ǡ
ݣлл
Īת˲䣬ĪоȻ棬ϵĶ˵
ĪУʲôʱôˣѵ㡭ڴҵʲô⣬ٺ١
ȥģע⣬ҲȥԼ
ղգݸֵĻ˲ƣֻڿĳ鶴Ķȥ



371 һȥ
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Ҳ۱˵𾪣ݺʹʱʮ꣬Ȼһ̸ȻίıԼҪ뷨˵ףУȥ
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ݣԸ⣬ԺͰһȥ
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ĪеĻݳĬ
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˵꣡
ĪͻȻݵΡ
ֻĪкٺһЦָֻǷааĸо
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ĪжݵıĲᣬֱ˵Ȼ˵ɽأǴЩΪģڶɽ֮ʿҲа취


372 ɽ
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Ҫǣ㵽ԸԸǴȥǱ𲻽飬ʵʵ˵Ƕ˵һܴ׸ȥɽ磬ֻǧУͨͨΪССɶѣԣҪǣѣһУҪԼ
ĪеĻ˼
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ԣص˵ͷʦ治ȥҲǿ
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ʣХǾŸˣͬһȥɽģҿĦȭƵӣԾԾԺڴһ㡣
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373 ͽʹ
Ȼ֮ݴˣʥǸطݲʦڣԲû֪ͨˣݻ֪ͨʥӣʱѾʥŵˣҲǰС
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ݿŰǣ˵һߣķųꡣ
֪ݶǲ޶⣬ʮϵˣݿ꣬һʮˣȫסһӿһʱʮƾʧԭء
ϣֻ˺֡
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ݰ壬ԶŻȻ
ȴ֣صĶ˵ʦ棬ʦѣҪأ
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ݣշɽ磬ҪץסɽǸ꣬ɽһ֪ʱǹڤڤеٻ֮ͱ÷ǳôˣɽ꣬ǹٻ֮԰׵˺ѿռ䣬أʵҪ˺ɽͨǷǳɵģ
Īж˵
ݵͷ΢΢ȥӦǹٻ֮⣬һ֮ٻ֮ʱضݵϣݵ·Ҫָȥһط
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ݵӰѸʧڿռͨ߲ʵĿռͨҲʧڲ֮С
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ڻųǣҪ˽һɽ磬ʶģݻΧ
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ǰͻȻһ˿˿΢ɼĿռһɫ۵ʿݵǰ
ʿ޳ݲߣӣ۾ӥƵ磬ֻЩ񣬸߶ӥǣ°ֻͣʿȴ޵ľ⣬·û˯һ㣬һɢĸо
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ݲɵȫէҪͬʱĶͷγ亹ε뵽ɽɽ磬ĳһˣǼȿֲԼĴڣ
ʱ򣬻۵ݾӣȴֻǴһĹǷ
Ҫţƶûж⣬Ǹղŵķ߰ɣ
λʿĻݵ΢΢ΪһָоǰʿҪԸԼĻǷ֮䣡
ԣҪƭԼԣͷ
ʱʿп˵ˣҽһ£ƶͽԽƶͽʹߡ


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ΪղԼûг嶯еҡ
ͽʹߵĻȴûн꣬𾪵ʱĻɻǵˣҪסˮΧԱˮֱӹϽһˮٻҪȥһЩ飬ôΣ㶼޷Ƴ٣ɱ⣡
ͽʹԭĸоһ˲ɢת޾ɱ
ֻеԼȻһڸղͽʹ˵ɱ⡯ֵһ˲䣬ɱֱݣþĴڣѹȵﲻɵĻš
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ǣʵҲȷˣˮȨ죬ߣ϶֮أڻȥսȨ
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375 
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ʹǧԸݻҪʵʵĻش
ܺãǰɡ
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ӺͱʶɢŨ֮ȻǷ
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ݼ״ǣ׼֮󼪡
ȵȣûô죬һ˿ȥҲ١
ԭΪһжѾˣû뵽ͽʹͻȻ̧ͷɢ¶˼ЦĶ˵
ɶ꣬ʲô˼Щס
ЩͿĿͽʹߣͽʹָԼϢһҳֽţݵʱӿЩĸо
ꣿֳ꣬ʲô˼ʲôͼ
Ҫ֪Ƕͨʿ˵ǷǳҪģǣͽˣȴҪԼֳꡣ
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ͽʹչһӹǣƵ˵ûԸⲻԸĻȨֻзֳ꣬ѡ񣬾ô򵥡
ͽʹǳࡣ㡣вȭͷֽεвҲһЩջæݵĲιݳСɱ嶯ǹأɲҪȫ㣬֪ˣɽľȨĻɽ磬û֮ˣ
ǰһֱ첻µزµĪУʱȴݵͷǰδе顣
ݴͷҲףˮĲǣĪбԼҪŭԼˡ
һֱ޵еĪУԭҲµĶ
ЩΣ̧ͷЩҧгݵĶͽʹߵãҷ֣
һһС˿гɫɵһС꣬˲ûһҳֽС
һҳֽһСӡһ˲䣬ɫâǣȵɢݺȻ֣һҳֽϣһԼͷ񣬸ǺԼһģһ
ңͷıϣϸļ¼

Ա
䣺ʮ
Ϊɳ
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ṹ
ڵأ

ЩϢֱϸĲϸݿĿɿڴԼϢȻ¶һţⲾӣʲôŹֵĶ
˵ⱾӿǺö󾳵صÿôһԻסɽˣûһ棬ǳȻĴڣĳЩеϹǿƶģźǣȻǳȻĴڣҲûԣ㲻⣬Ҫ¼档
ңҸźĸ㣬ȻˡסļأôԺϢⱾͬ˵ÿһеĽһϸСı仯һʱˢ³ңȥⱾףԲѯĵ
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ͽʹߵĻݿ޵˼ˣ˵ⱾףԼʲôϢ֪ʶͷһ˼֪
ԼϢȫ¶һţôԼʲôܿԣ
ݼ
ҪҪıԼôԼҪܶˣΪֻҪף֪Լ֪ԼʵΣͿԷԼ㣬ôԼ
군ˣ
ĪУΪʲôЩݶĪʵ
ݳСӸһģΪ޷ôȻѳɶ֣㣬ܹô
ĪȴƲƲ죬˵
Դˣֻˣͽʹ߿ⴹͷɥģЦǺǶ䰲ολСҪⱾףֻˮĸ߲ܹȨ鿴뵣ģΪʹƶĴڣҲܿⱾףʹɷˣ


376 Ȥͽʹ
ͽʹȻ֪ݵ˼Բ˵˵˵ǿŷ߷ߵģƽϢһ㣬ȷ˭Բѯǲˡ
ͽеĻ˵ˣ´һǷ˵ˣеĳæˣɻˣģΪˮǻϲġ
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ͽҲһҪȥתһɲǣͻȻͷԺţǲǻһûаأ
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ˮصĻͼղ˸ˣڲˣƶѾְˣɲҪȥƶŶټɣԣټˣƶ˯ûʱء
ͽ·һ㣬һռһĨֻһգۣͽʹѾʧӰ١
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ഫˮһλǿߣšͽ˽ͽͽѣϲ£İãƺֻĴ˯飬ԸˮҪְλáֶΣвһɣóʹߵְλΪľǽʹְλʹڣûʲôѹֻǽһķߣʱ䣬ǲ֪˯ȥˡ
ΪͽʵǿȴʹߣɢĽʹߣԲŻᱻ˽ֵ
ĪеĻӵĺߣͽʹߣĻ͵ȻȥһʹߵְλǲֶΣⲻֶΣ֪϶֮ġ
ͽʹߣǼƷȻһĪжҪ޵ǿߣ£ʵԲ
ﰵȴֶĪʵ˵Īл쵰ҽ¼ҽԸ𣿡
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ͽʹɢʹɵְûоľְʵ˵ɣʹߵְ񣬲Ҫ¼ÿߵϢһҪÿھصĵͼȻҪĴϢ߷ߣţҪȥһطʱסְҪȻΪʲôʹߣ
Īж˵ͽʹǰһȻˣѰסͰְ֮ģûκεıʾƨˡ
ݣ
Ī˵ݶͽʹߣֻһС
㵹ӦøлͽǼһ
ĪпݷǳģٺֱЦΪͽǼһǳɢûи߰סְŻӵɣҪǣлˣ˳ļƻҲͿʵˡ
ԣ˵СͽǼһ֪Ǹǻ
ĪеĻһûдѽͽʹԽɢԼԽкôԼӦøлŶԡ


377 ӹɽ
ٺ٣ûпһҪͽʹߺȲŶԡ
ҲѿЦĪ㲻˵㻹мƻǵʲôһƻڼȻѾˣָȥˣ
ݵʻһڵİ˵
ڵĿ꣬Ǹӹɽ
Īг˵
ӹɽʲôط
һİ֣治ɵЩᣬ룬ԼҪ˽ɽˣҪȻһֻͷӬһ㣬ǿɲС
ͽǼһﲻǰѵͼˣԼͲҰ
ĪͷĸһٳЩڨڨ
˻ô
ƲƲ죬˵һȴ΢΢۾ȫĵȥԺͽʹ߸ղŴĵͼϢ
ӹɽӹɽĬţɿˮصĵͼ
Ժĵͼʮֵ棬ɴСϸܣҲͳİͼӡԺ
ͼˮϸĽܣֻһƫƧС壬ﶼҵ
Ĭ븽ӹɽʱˮص깽䴦ͻȻð˹â
ôôһ깽䣿
Ȼʱ깽䣬ѾŴĵǷǳϸмɽòľʾķǳ
ҿѾˣǻͨˣЩӴϢ԰Ӹѵ
ʹˣҲһСʱ䣬ӹɽĵͼϢ𾪵ǣӹɽУдССš
ҪͼЩŵϢҲˣǾˡ
Ϣզզ࣬Щ˵
ͼϣȻʾССţǶЩŵϢҲֻһֶѣʵΡģΣһ㶼ûнܡ
֪˰ɣŵʵ͹ģ˼ҵ˽ˮôһһְٰĻԻøϸĵͼ
ΪڣͲҪˣϿǰӹɽ
Īжݵ̰ıʾĲѣæߴ
Ǻðɡ
̯̯֣׼ԼλãȻѡӹɽķһڿն
Ŷģҵٶôôࡣ
ݷĵһоǷԼٶȱˣﰵһ֪ΪɽǸߵȽԵʣĿռṹҪͨ棬
ӹɽô֣ңȻˮصһ깽䣬ǵģǸطǸ˵еƶ߰ɣ
һ߷Уһ
ϲ㣬ˣӹɽɽУ׽ƶͬһʵģӹɽ˼壬ֻ˵ĸӹطѣסģȫûдﵽ˵ͨߣɽͳһ깽䣬ȻЩ߸ϵǣɴطΪӹɽ
Īз·֪һ㣬˵ңɽĸӹɽֻһɽ磬ӹɽҲÿһżеͨߣЩɵصϽ֧䣬ǼȻˮأֻȥˮصĸӹɽˡ
ԭݱĪеĻ𾪵ˣԭԼˣòĸӹɽȻľƶһ㣬ˣɽĵλ΢Ĵڣţԣ
ţüëһĪ˵ĪУ⸽ӹɽȻƶߣΪʲôҪȥǣȻֻɣɺôҲ˰ɣ
Ͳ֪һ룡
ݵĻ꣬Īͷ˹ȻǸˣ𣿣Ҫ𣬱ϾǶͨߣǲȥӹɽô棿
ðɣǶԵġ
ͷ󻰷һתĪУǸӹɽѵҪǣȥӱ˵ָӣȥܱ˵Ĳǲ
ǿɲУ
ݵĻĪһĸо
ݳСǷˣú͡
ĪиɴݣֱӶ˵ֻһѡǾǣǰӹɽȻѡˣ
ޣĪУ
ӣȴûٴηֻ֮ɿתͬһӰѸٵĳԶȥ
Ȼﻹɻ󣬿ĪеģΪĪʦΪֹûʲôľԼȥӹɽ϶ԭģڵʲôԭʲôƻҲˡ
ݽٵĵط븽ӹɽԶֻǻʱݱߵ˸ӹɽıԵΪƫƧΪֹ˼ͽʹһ⣬ˡӰӣûпһ
ðɣĪУǼȻѾˣôǸô


378 ߹ݣ
ݸɴ˫ִǰصİ׸ĪУȥ
ʵҲûа취ҲĪУֻէɽͲϤԲҪĪаæ
ӦݵʻģͷͻȻĪϤаЦ
ааЦüëһﰵ룺аЦѵѵĪʲôˣ
ȻݲˣĪеĻĴͷһֲĸо
ݳСȻǺܼˡ
Īеϵϳǽ飬ǣȥ߹ݣ
߹ݣ
Īдʵݲû
ʲôʲôʱ߹ݣҲôֱ׳ˣ
ңʲôݣ
ι˵Ī쵰ܲ˵һ㣬װŪġ
ݶĪֹΪʵǲмɵö˵
ðɣ͸㣬ƻ
ĪҲĶ˵Ҳ֪ӹɽкܶţЩţͨɵģЩɵɣ˵һɣ˵һ㣬ֻ˻ضѣ
ɽЩͨʿҪȥҪȥЩ棬Ȼȥ߸ϵ飬ҩݣտ԰һдֻ֮ģ⣬ɽͨߵ
˼ǣѩХǣȥˣȻ͵ȥ
ֱӼİͷҡĲһ㣺ҸĪУǾԲܵģǾԲģ
ҲҲ
ĪҡҡͷСȱ죬ȱ˵
ðɣ
ӣĪ˵
ҵ˼ǣӹɽ棬Ȼȫͬһߣ룬ЩˣҪһɣЩ˵ˣǲҪİɣôЩ˭ǹЩͨߵأ
ʣЩ˸һȼ˹ߣҲһŵˣҲ˵һŵĸ߲㣡
ĪкٺֱЦ˵ݳСӣһ£ðʮˣΪһŵĸ߲㣬ôǼȿֿԲȥˣֻҪһ±֮ģ˶òţֱӰż˹ȻĻúȡΪˣôһУͱʮֵļˡ
Ҫ֪ɽ֮ԣһƽƽˣҲڼﵽɽڣܲܶɹ٣˵ˣ
Īаļƻ˵˳
⣡
ҲһĪ˴ĴָĪ쵰ģ
˵˵ѣʲô취ǳΪһŵĹߣҪ֪ÿŶԭĹߣѵҪӲ
ݶĪʵ
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ĪȴǺٺֱЦ
С˼ѡ
ȴĦȭƵģ·ѾȲһЦĪ˵Ī̫СˣɼΪ۸ЩûгΪ˵ĴڣֱϵĴڣҴչȭŵʱˣǡ
Ҫʰǵȷס
ĪҲǺٺһЦΪΪһˣȥһӹŵ𣿣
ңΪˮҲ㶪˵֮λջأʱкùӳˣԣҪͨߣ㣬Ǹ㶨һЩ״
Ӣ֮ˡ
ݼʱղʵҲڿЦģȷһȥ֮ͨλֱͺʹȥСİûʲô
Ǳ˲˵ԼҲӶˡ
ٺ٣ȥ߹ݵˣֻʮˣǾڱţʲô㲻ģаһѾǣ
ĪйȻϼ޻˵
ǺãǷų˵
ʶɢȥ֮󣬰Ѱʮȫ˳
ǵļƻǶ֪˰ɡ
ݿʮˣ˵
ʮˣȴ𾪵ĿݣȻԿõĪУǵĶԻ
ԣһ·ݺĪеĽ̸Ƕڶ
ݡԭ塭ˣĪС
ǵɴ۾ݣ϶ģһʱ̫𺳣˵ˡ
ţǶ֪˰ɣǺǡ
ݵͷҸǽһ£ǸˣҵʦҲҵѣĪУǺŶ
ȻĪ֣滹ĪһĪĻŭš
ˣ˵˵߹ݵɡ
Ҳ϶ڽͣ˵ǵ˼


379 ѡĿ
Ȼ߹ݣôҪһĿ꣬ûĿ̸꣬ȥʲôأ
ݶ˵׼һҪѡһΪ߹ݵĿ꣡
ڶǱҪվһǿȥ߹ݣɣܹԸͨߣˣҪʮѡ˵ΪҪߵģģ
ݵĻХһۣѡ˵ǸǿĴڡ
ݣ˵Хͷ˵
ʮȥΪߵģǵĺ󱲡
Х˶ǺڴԲѩһǺڣһǺڣ棬Ψﵽ˶ɽٳڵΪ
ԣ˵ǸΪߵģģˡ
ݣ
ԼûãбΪҲﵽɽڡƲ졣
ûĴȥ߹ݣ
Ŀʵ
У
ֱͦţ˫Уޱȵš
ţܺã
ݺĵ˵ͷٺֱЦ룺ݵĶӡ
룬ݿХǣǵǵǲɣ
ûû
ХҡͷҲǺٺһЦǵĸԣϲȺŹɱ
ҲǻһЦĪ˵ĪУôѡĸأ
ǰֲˮأﲻǺ˽⣬˵߹ݣ߹ݣΪľƿر˶Ǳƿأ߹ݣȻǿţҪȻһСţҪѹţ
ĪеĻʮеҲǵ˵ͷ뵽ûдҪ߹ݣҪ⸽ӹɽǿĴڣ
ңԵǿŵôʣҪԵĶ֣ضǶɽڴԲǿߣҲǶɽٺ۷壡
ҪһɽٺڴԲûĻ
ٴĶʵ
һΣһᣬȻɽٺڴԲסһ£һһԼʵķͦͦţ˵Сһģ
Ļ˵һ룬


ҲӣЦãҲԣ鶴ĹԼңľͷ齣裬ȷ˲ֹһԼ԰쵽飬δذõ
취ĪͬҰңϵйͺˡ
⡣
ݳСӿɱע⣬֪ĹӣѾ˶ɽٳˣӦúܿͿԶɹٳΪˣΪԺ󣬹ʲôĶǴҪģԵĸҪģԣ㻹Լȸõʱָһʲôǿ
ĪеĻݵͷ
СĪȥˡ
Ȼ֪Ī˵ʵƲƲ죬תͷ˵ĲţۺȵĲ࣬Ȼһ֮ڣʱۺȣͿԺͶɽٺڴԲˣֻ״ֻ̬Գʱ
ңʱڣûĻ
ݴʵ
Уٷ֮һǧУ
ͦأ˵һΣʮ㡣
ܺã
ݻһԺĵͼҵһţʹˣ󲽳ǸŸȥ
ȰŸ㶨Ȼʳӹɽ˭ף
ﾫһֻһӣƵֱ֮ӿ˹ȥڵʵȥԸСţʣԪڵĻڴ˲ͷֱ
죬еԪڵӾѡ
һк󣬷ɿڿն𣬲ڸ߿հ֮Уʶ·Ķ
Щͨţˣɲö֣ԽҪˡ
ԪڣʵǿΪݸоŭ塢ʿΪģҲǺڣֻһڡ
ʿʣԪڵˡ
Ԫżǧӳȴסˡ
ʱԪڵ⣬ǵĻڴѾһƬǽ壬һ£ǿƻǻڴڵģΪ֪
һΪҪǿ
ңúµģȴǴʱվʮˣʮʿһλŮʿΪ൱֮⣬ˣǱǿʿ
ССԪڣǿ߲ԼڣģȴȫǷڵĳϵǡ
ʮ˵ƣѹЩ̧ͷ
λǰǱڲ֪кιɣƶƺǲ޶Թ


380 
ԪԭķŭӲѹڵͷʹǰҲֻܹĶ˵
ɽ磬˵ѾǼҳ㷹
Ϊǿʳ棬ߣҪȥͱͷ
ɽ磬ȻһõĴڣɽ磬ȴֻǺһСǿǰǵֵһᡣ
кιɣ
Ԫѻ˵꣬üëһȻ˵߹ݵģ
ʲô߹ݣ
Ԫʧɫﰵ׷ȴæԸӽ䱸ͬʱԼҲЩİںüƣ׼ǡ
ԭܼ򵥣ֻΪʵûаסǡ
λǰԪȻǸСɣǸӹɽУбȼλǿĴڣԪҲпɽģҶԪڣҲûʲôùӳԣ
Ԫͷγ亹׷ȴװĶв
ʵҲڵģ̷ȻϣԽסʮˡ
ŶҾҪ˭ֵס㣡
ݵļƣһһɽȻӭǣ˲ͱɰǧɣͬһ˺صȻԪڣ
ã㣡
Ȼ˵־Ͷ֣Ԫϲ
æǱĶԵǸߺͬʱԼҲƨ㣬ɽڵΪڣͲӲӡ
ɽٳһƣνݣ
䣡
ʵ֮⣬ټԪڵǵ㣬⽣ĺڿմȻû˵ԪΧʱһ룡
СţʵûȤҪ߹ݵĿ꣬ǣ
м˵ʱڷԣĶԪȵ˵ӹɽǿĸұŹһΣ
ԪľӣȴתݺݵǲҪ߹ǲҪ֪˭ǿǺãԼȥֺαסأ
ôҾ˳ˮۣȫǣ
һޣװһֵı飬սսĶ˵ǰ⸽ӹɽǿģ븽ӹڣ
ڣ
Լס֣һӣХǣԪڣתɿĳӹɽȥ
ֻԪһɵӣԶһﰲ˲١
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Ԫﰵ룬ͬʱõʰΧǽ壬Ȼ׼ؽڴǣֻϵù
ɸ߿ղƶеݣҲԸȥ塣
ӹɽ壬ǧɣƻֺ꣬ݰզ֮࣬ӹɽطҪŨһ㣬ɽΡߴ󣬱κһɽ壬Ҫΰ׳۵Ķࡣ
ɽɽ磬ӹɽֻɽһ깽䣬ȻͨҪõö࣬治ɽķ֮أֻĳ
զͬʱݸʮˣѾ˸ӹɽ塣
ֵˣ
ʶ˹ȥܿӦڵĴš
ںǺΰӴռǧ¥ͤĴ䣬Ӽʮ֮ڣʮɸй֮޲
ˮصͨߣȫۼ⸽ӹɽΪӹɽǿţֹģҲȻˣҹȻҵϣҵʶӦ£ǿĴڣɢϢȻǶɽٺڴԲµǣвĶɽǿߣҪǷڲ磬һɺ
ţγɰΣҪԼˣ
վڵ⣬ҲĿ߿֮ϣƾǵʵǿƿڵĻڴ
ǿ߿յʱɸ߿֮ϣͻȻ·ƾնһĿ磬Хӿеƶȫɨȥ
񱩿ֲĿ磬Ӳڰл۳һǧγɵЮһǰƣȻĺڵĻڴ
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Ƶı죬￴Ļڴȴͬ㣬˲֧顢ֱ
˭ȻƻڵĻڴ󣡡
ⱬŸո棬һŭķŭƵĴ˳ӹɽ
ڳˣ
ЩţƽĵľǰʱǿƥϢѾٳԼƽ
ɽٺڴԲ滹ʮߵͲȵϢ
ȫХҲǰƤȫ
սһ


381 壡
ȫעǰʱͻȻоʱͻȻһǿġԽһǿƵӿڣ
ȵǣӴȴû˿ĵ⣬ںһ
Ȼ֮Ǹף
һܿķӦ
ܵԼԽԽӯӴϲ֣ʱȴٴϢΣĻʹ
ղڳˣ
ţʲôˣȻȥڣѵˣ
ˣ˻ݣȥڼƽϣ϶ĸ۵ͨʿ
û˵Ҳе
еûеȥ֪ˣ
ݸղƻڻڴֳĶʱ˸ӹɽڣͨʿע
Ƿ׷׵뿪Լţӹɽ壬Ҫһ֡
ʱӹɽ֮ϣγһƬơ
ԪҲһĨϲЦٺ٣֪ĶȻȥڣȻκβ㣬̫ɲôģҪôģ
Ԫǳ˵ߺڵӣǰȥ֣Ҫǵĳ̬Ǹղűͷ֮ޣ
ֵĵطдֵǣĸطеͨܿ죬Χ⣬ΧʿȺ糱ǣռɺѹѹһƬ
Ƕһͬص㣬ϴź˷ܡ
ҲԾĸһξ룬Ϊڱʾֻǿͣ뱻
ʮˣ͸ͷ϶ǲⶺˣ
㶮ƨʮˣĸ˵Ϊܲ
ǣȫǺϵΪ
ǵʵͱȲڣڻмʮӣʵɶԱȣȻǺǿҲ
ǧʿΧָָ㣬˽
ΧӵûиеŭһЩϲΪԽ࣬ԽЧԵøӵ𺳣
ͿһȫסʱҲǸˣ
Ժ뷨ֱͿ˵ǵʯһգ۶ѣʱǿƥƣѾˡ
ڰյӰɫۣǰһ޴Ľɫ̫˹Ǽ̫ܿѨ߸߹𣬹ǽ޳һǿӲ͵Ĺ
⼸С֮ƻ˱ڻڴ󣿣
̫ӸµĸʮˣЩţĸܵʮˣĶ֣ԼƻҪһ۵ĻڴΪʲôȴôֱˣ
Ӧòܵģ
̫š
һˣȴע⣬ǾǸǳʿԭֻжɽٳڵƣڷɿ
ܿ죬ȻԼͬĸ߶ȣ
ʱ̫ھ
ǲС֮޹أֻҪ֪ǣ߹ݵģ
߹ݵģ
߹ݵģ
սĻӹɽƵ
ʲô˵ʲô߹ݣ
̫µļʮһ£ΧΧ۵ǧʿҲһ£ţ쳹صĳЦ
ʲôˣʮˣҲɺڽа壬һҪ߹ݣ
˵ǲǻòͷˣ
˭֪أҲ˼ұͲҪˣ
ȻЦţҲЩԾ뵽ǰʮˣǳʲôıӵ
Ԫи¶ڴ߹ݰɣȥ߰ɣҪôǣ
˵˽Ϊ˫˵Ǻ̫ȴûȥЩ
֪Ϊʲô̫ûиеЦӿһ˿Σ
ģֻʮˣôԤеΣ
̫ﲻϵİοԼ˫ȴĶס·Ҫ͸ƵģʿϿЩұҪСˣ
߹ݣô߷
ô˵ǰ̫ҲʾüëһĶʵ
ܼ򵥣ҺһսӮˣ͹ԹԵĸÿ֮λñˣô㴦ã
Ȼ˵
̫սɵ
սɵ
ߺ죬еĽкȫڡ
ڵĵҲʿ𷨱ߺ޵У޵У
ߣǾͿûǸˣ
̫ɨһΧĺЩڴﲻɵӿ˺һû˿ʾĶӦ
Ȼͬˣ


382 սѹ
ô룡
֪Լֻʱʱ䣬αҲӣֱӳϸ߿֮ϣϷɿ𣬰УͻȻ貵ĹâЩâ۳һâЮһɱ̫Ȼĺ
ȷˣȱռȻ
Ƕɢ
̫û뵽Ȼ˵˵־Ͷ֣ɵæڵɢȥʱڵȫɢ˵Χ̿ճһյش
ХʮһˣҲɿɢȥŵĿ
Ϊһսζǣܲɽˣ
̫ķȻһֺټķ֣
ɽ̫֣ͬڿеһС̫ɢȵĹâ̲񱩵
̫ⷨĿ£ҲڷɿǴ󣬾޴̫֣ŸѿĺХڿлһȣֱĽԣ
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޴ķ֣ĵâȫֵס̫ȴһ־̫ڿһٵתһĨɫ㣬иȥ
Ǽγɵ˺֮Ҫռ䶼Ҫܿ룡
ҲҿɽĿռ䣬Ҫȹ̵Ķࡣ
ʹˣҲС
ҪȻ𣿣
һ䣬磬ƮȴѸٵĳ̫ƽ
Ѿ˳̫ķ֣ԽʩչĹԽǿǱսôķֹЧ»ֱһ룡
ʱķʧȥãԼĽȴʺϽսôԼսϣѾӮһ룡
ã
̫жҲ֪ĵ뷨ɵİá
͵̫֣ȴڸղƮĲ㿪̫һæջط֡
͡
ֻеԼıһɾ·Ҫ˺Լֳ룡
һϢ

һȴεĸıΡ
ˢˢˢ
ǲ
鶴󲿷ǷԷĲȻҲڷ磬һ磬ƮݵĶ㿪Ϯ̫֣ʱ̫Ҳץסɿת֣Ű߾
⿴ƸӵĶսʵֻǷڵʯһɲ֮䣡
ͬ裬һ㼴ˣ˶ûմԷ½ǣ
ʱӵľǰ̫ȻǶɽٺڴԲǿߣʮֵѲ
ⲻ֪̫Ҳǰʿ˺ܴĽģģǸӵ𺳣ʲôʱ򣬸ӹɽһôǿĴڡ
Ҫ֪Щˣǰûмʶѵصͨʿ
룬̫ǾĿ
֣˶оԼ˾УԴʱһҲģš
ΪΪò룬ѹٶҪ죬ʱ䲢࣡
һ˿˿ͻȻһϸߣֻĶ
΢΢һ̧ͷ߿գ΢΢˵ͷĬ֪ˣ
ˢ
ݵ뷨սıϡ
ٶţκȻˣͬһ磬Ʈٶȴ쵽£
ûûжʱ䣬սپ
һ̫Ҳʱˣϵ̫ѾãʱǧɹâȻ˺Ѷȥ
ǣĲȻûңôǿ󣬶Ըŷֹȴ´ࡣ
˸ѾƮݵĳ̫಻Զ̫ʧȥĿ꣬ȻһСɽϡ
䣡
СɽڳʯɱУΪƽء
ĽҲʱȻĺ̫
纮磬ޱȣɣƷǷĽޱȡ
һǽԵʣ֮ôƣһҪԭ򣬾ݹ֮
֮ΪߵıǷǳĿֲģ
̫ܵһƣһ䣬æ㡣
䣡
һнգȴưոݣļ죬̫ʱ䡣
һâźɨһеƣһϢĽâ˳̫˹ȥ
䡭
ﲻâ貣żнɫɫ֯ĿһĻ
ǣѤһĻȴ̲ɱ
Хʮһ֮⣬ΧΧ۵ʿȫˣⳡսֱӳǵ顣
̫ˣ
û뵽ǸһֱСƵʿȻԱ˿ֲսңȻ̫ѹƵļûз
ǶΪտ֮Ȼʲ˵Ķ֣ǶڳϵΣȴһ
һʱ䣬棬ʼη
һطǿߣ˾ηģ
䣡
֮ʣһǰδеƵӹɽ


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ǿıըֱӰڵΧΪƽأһƬǽ壬ʯɻҳؼ䣬ըķΧڣľѹ촷أ
֮ʣļž
ҫؼɫâɢҫ۵ĽɫâҲʼⳡڴĴսƺĻ
˶񣬴ҳһڵģ쳤˲ӿǰڴġȴյĽ
ʱƺһ̱
ڣȵеĳɢȥӳǣһͦ罣ɫӰһɽȻվڷ籩֮ǽУħսȫҡ
Ǹ
վģȻǸʿ
˵ɴ۾
ӮˣûУӮˣ
ѽɹˣûй
ХǻȸԾѩҲοޱʮּ
ɸ߿֮ϣҲ¶һĨο
ϣս̫ȴĽâֱӺǧ⣬ǱǽĴС
ϵĽۣѾá
Ȼⳡսˡ
̫Ȼˣ
ѽˡ
ڳΧ۵ǧʿһƬ겻ѡ
һ¿õ̫ȻǸǳʿϡ
ǲ£̫Ҫ֮λ𣿣
ôܣ̫ûôɵ
ǣ˵ӹɽģֲ̫ˣǸӹɽף

ϣȴû˼ȥЩҲޱȣûйݵڴɹˣ
סĵļΪ֪ûɡ
󲽵ĳ̫ȥصĽŲ·ֱ̤̫ͷ
̤̤̤
ٴεıķǳļž
žġֻʣصĽŲ˶ʮְĿ̫ڵĵǣҲĿԼȥ
ˣ
ӸµĿ̫Ǹ߸ϵߣˡ
ڣó֮λˣ
ú˵񣬱˵̫ﲻɡ
̫һãȻͻȻЦ

̫Ц˶֣ڳеעȫˢˢļ̫ϡ
ˢ
Ȼ̫ƴȫαͬһɫƿռ䣬ɿĻصŵȺУ
ڴֲ֮£Ȼûס
̫صŵȺУӲĴЦҪ֮λ
ղֻǻش㣬б¾ãǱȴûдӦ㣬˾͸֮λҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҫˣ
ԣüʱšһţȷ̫شԼʱǱʵ飬ڣ˵Ļᡣ
˼ǲ
ݲ㣡
ЩŭˣǺãҾʹ
˵꣬ȫƣ£ХʮһˣҲ֪ǳֵĻˡ
ǵƣҲȫ۷壡
ʮ˺һ𣬻Ŀ̫ǡ
ڵĵǣҲ׷˷ˢˢĿХʮˡ
ֿˣ
Ȼϣ̫ô׵ó֮λ
һȻкϷɵĸӵȫעҲɵļ
ԭȻ̫ܵԪʱ̫ԭյҲü
ȺŹȺŹǣɵǣ
Ԫź
ԪǰͲԸͷ񿴵̫ȻǸ˲ѡ
״Ҿ֪Ⱥ޳֮ҪȺ״ϲˣ
Хֵ˵
ԣǣǣ֪ҵ
ƢذҲŭ
ֻϵķһɱƣͬ籩һ㣬ϯȫ
˶ĥպգҲڸ߿о̬仯
ãɱһ
ʱҲû취ˣΨһİ취ɱɱˣЧȻ͵ˡ
Ҫɱ̫һ֮λݲǲӦˣ
ǵĿ̫꣬ɱ
Զʮһ˵
Ϭĵ˵ͷʮ˿ûεɱȻ̫ϡ
ԭ˵̫ﲻɵһ⣬ȻҲʮ˵Ĵ㣡
ʮ˶ǾǵֵסǣôʮҪɱԼǼˣУԲУ
̫˼õķɿ죬˼İ취
ǣȴԥĳϹ
ڵĵӣҲӲͷƤ˹ȥ

ʱ̫ͻȻֹ˫


384 
̫ͻȻȻ˶ͣ˶žɵĿ̫֪Ϊγͣ
СˣҪΣ
üëһ֪̫Ūʲô顣
Ҫ߹ݣҪʵҪʵһǿκǧ˶ľ֧˭֪
̫Ȼӵת˵ûղŵȷӮңȴûи֮λ֪Ϊʲô𣿣
̫ȴֱ˵
㲻Ҫ𣬿ûǿƵڼʮô㱾øһˣҲȥԣ֤㻹гǿҾܾ֮λԭ򣡡
̫Ļʮ˶üͷڸ߿֮ϵҲӣ᳤̫ƪһѻһлڴʲô̡
ʱø߿ϱеЩȤҪһﵽŪʲô顣
㵽˵Щʲô
ϻֱĶ˵
ܼ򵥣㲻Ҫ𣬿ԣǣһǰǾ㹻ǲʮǴˣֵ˰ɣбһսʮһˣʮһˣӮ˵ĻҸԸó֮λҲӮ˵Ļôǵŷô㵱ڵĵӣҲȻӹɵģ
̫һʮ̹ǳƽģ
Χ۵ԣȴһƬꡣ
ⲻˣ𣡡
ǣԾǲ뽻֮λ
ûɵӣǶ֪ХʮһˣֻǺڵΪڼʮ棬ǳϼǿ߶ɽʿˣڴԲģмʮ֮ڡ
Ǻ̫˵һ㣬оŸڴԲʿڵŮʿȥɽǿ߼ڴԲʿȣǸʵ⣬޿ɱȡ
ˣ˶֪̫׼ˣˡ
û뵽ˣվȻˡ
Хһˬ֡
ȴûзŭʮ˷໥һ̸ۣ
ʱ򣬾ڵĵǣɫЩ̣ԼʵЩ޳ܡ
Щ߹ݵļһﱾ޳ܣ޳֮֮޳֮
ôǲˣ
̫ԥЦʣҾ͸ϷͲҪֱˣ
ʵ̫뷭ˣȴʮ˵ʵΪѾˣɽٺڴԲǿ߻ǿǣҲҪ޴Ĵۡ
ԣŻ
ã㲻ҪսʮˣҲʮˣһսӮ
Լڵվû˿⡣
У
̫ȴȻղѾսһȻĲ٣ɲҪռıˣлΪ˹ƽҶҪȥ˫ֻҪʮһ˾ˣ
̫ȻһΪģ
ⷬģǳΧ۵ˣһָĳ嶯
̫޳ˣղŵĴսе˶һ˼ûĶʵ˵Լˡ
˼ң˵ôдʣ
󲿷˶̫ʮֵıģҲ鷳
Ҳ̲סҪֿڣҿǿס
ʮٴδ̸һսԡ
еҲʮˣȿʮ˻ôӦ⡣
ϼһ
ʱХͻȻֵվ˳̫Ȼ˵Ϊ룬ôһ˵սŮӣͲҪμսˣ
û
ذһҲվ˳ǾŸˣǾŸˣһսˣ㴦ãˣô쵰͸ӹ
ذ໰̫бģסһŭмĶ˵ʲôô֪û˵ķ
ǵĻǴң
Ļػ
ãһΪôڳ֤
̫һĨһݺݵ뵽űȾţɽǿߣǾȴȫСĺڣҵҪʱôޣ
ʵӣ̫Ѿг
⣬ڣٷ֮ʮӮˣ̫Ͳţѵаٷ֮һĻᣬЩڵСʿԷ̣


385 Ǭ
ʦ㣬ѩȵһȥ״һչʱˣ
ХٺֱЦĦȭģһǳģ
ͰѩˣҲϵĮ̇øʮˡ
̫Ϲŵ⣬ɿķǿľŸˣǾŸ˵УǶɽǿߣĸǺڴԲ
˫һʤȯյģʮֵţʿϣ˭Ҳûʾ
˫һʮ˸˻ڰеʱ򣬳ꡣ
ʵʵ̫ˣͲɶԱȣ϶ˣХǾˣųɾˡ
ʵͰѩˣҲХǾŸҲϣ
Хű֤ҲӦ
ʵҪǣݵĴͷͬ⡣
ѵХʲôУ
ﰵ
˶˼ʱХ˺ھŸǿߣһ˲Ķˣ
ХҪռסȻڵľˣȴһҪսپģ·ХǶսһᣬǶеˣ
ˢˢˢ
ʮ˸˵ۻңǻûмǶХǾŸʮֲмѹûκѹľŸʿɫͻȻıˡ
ΪǸӦХǾŸˣһʮֹķλڲ֪УͰȫΧ
˰ϼ
ھŸǿﰵԲ²⣬һ⣺ôаɣȻ˰ϼǾе鷳ˣ
ⲻ֪̫ˡ
ХذǾŸˣȴ˷ܵ໴УǼʶʶǾǬ
ԱԭҪЦ̫ҲȻľһ£ղʤȯգڣȴе˲
ΪɽٺڴԲǿߣ˲ͷХǾŸվλİ
Ź󷨣ԣȾŹ󷨻ҪӣŸÿһվķλؼ̺һԣľˮ׹ⰵŴศɣŸֱһǬһأ
֪ھŸ˲ٿصǬ֮УǾ˲ǬصףôΧˣ̵ֻķݣ
̫һ˲ͿİڣĴ󣬿ɹأǷǹڴļӳ£ÿֲޱȣֱǹ޲ʤ޲군ˣ
̫޵˼ˣȻ֪Ǭ£εǣʱ֪ҲһҸ
Ϊ֪ˣҲûƽİ취ǣ֪һĶˣǷϣƣ
֪԰Ŀȥ
ʲô֪ԼҪ군һҪĿԼ군ʹࣿ
̫ڳּ尾ʹࡣ
ǴǼʶʶ
Хذ󡢺ӡƽԵȾŸˣһôãѾϬǼһ˲䣬ʹ߶˾Ǭ
ӹɽƱأ·
ǾŸǿߣûпХ˵ķλã;ԼΧƱã˲Ϣ䡣
ͻȻǸоԼΧһƬޣع˻һ㣬ңǷһ˲䣬Ѿʧȥ˶ĸӦҲʧȥͬӰ
ǵڣֻ޾Ļ硣
Ǿͷ·ĻÿһˣһС
ٺ٣ɽں˲ѽȫָһʰȥǻţ
ХǵֱЦ
Хϻô࣬ǸΪߵģɽٺڵǸԣǸһ
ȴХĵѡھΪߵģȻָĺ˹ȥ
˸˻֪ʲô£ֻƴȴ֣ôҲסǵĻ
Ǹǿʿȴ꣬ûзӦô£ͷֻУͻȻâѿ˿ӣ
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ŵâɫģɫͬ
ŵâͻᣬֱӻգɽٺڵǿ߾ѣȻȻȫеҪֵŵ
һ룬ͫȻɵϴ
ŵǣԭһȴͻȻһգ
Ǿŵײһ˲䣬ͻȻںһγһȽӽޡ޷鿴Ŀֲââ˿Ӧʱ䣬Ȼϣ
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СǬ޴ıը飬ǶɽٺڵʿʱеȫޣǾ˺һâȴֱͬһɽ
ǲɵֱֵӰɳǬУһɽϣʱɽ嶼ȻֱӦΪ룡


386 ʵ⣿ʵ⣡
ڵڶǿߡöɽٺڵʿȻ޵âը֮£ֱӵڴڵѪҺһʱλܴԪӤήҲֻеð𻨣Χģһ룬ϵ˻С
֣ŸոսսھеǿѾˣ
ХԵȾŸ˺ٺֱЦû˿ľȣ·ⶼǵԤ֮С
ţǼѡڶĿ꣬ҲǾеڶǿߣҲǸɽʿѡĿĺ˹ȥ
ӸߵһʰХ˵ս
ʱڵĵǣ˵ĸӹɽʿˣסˣ
ΪǸղһĻ𺳲ѣԭΪʵıȶȷ⣬Ҳһ⣡
ֻΪĶȴֳʵȫ෴һֱõХˣȴ˵ԤϣһУֻһоͰڶɽٺڵǿ߸ɳȥδ֪ȳ֣
սֱ仯Ԥϣʵ⣿ûȷʵ⣬ֻǣХǾˣѹһеף
ڵľŸʿʱȴ˴׵ĸ
𺳻ڼݡ
ȻЩʿǱھǬ棬ֻ޾ǻʶӾݺݵĸסսʿȴĿϵĳ
ֻХŸ˵ķλϵı仯ô仯ǵľǬ󣬶һֱά֣ҾǬһĳмѹ·Ҫڵʿǵռ䣬һѹ
ȻھǬİ˸ˣȴͷӬ㣬ҽôȴԭ̤·εסһ㡣
Ƕ֪һŸ˵İϼĹ
һʱ䣬˶󣬶һľĸоǴûŸڵʿһ󣬾ȻԷӳôֲɽǿ߼ǸڴԲǿߣǵǰûз
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Ƭ̣ԭھŸǿʿѾһڵ£Ѫ飬ûж
εıԣȻ˳ǳҲҪ˳Ķ࣡
֪ΪʲôХôţӳôã֪ХǾŸˣȻɴɱС
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Ǹӹɽǿڣȴ˵Ǵ顣
ȴȻεضƾ˵Ͽա
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Ŀע֮£Ƶ˳ȥ


387 ٵǰϦ
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ҹĻݺĪ˻һʱң»ڴصķ䣬ˡ
ȵɽǿȥеڸߣȫٿŻ顣
ȵķԸʼڴϣѼе飬ԸɽǿȥԼʮˣϲȥʲô˵ġ
ңǰڵĴС飬һжվɣ֮ܶģҲֻҪɽڵĳȥɣֻ࣬Ҫһˡ
ΣʵʵĹһ֮ХʮһˣҲֻǹһϵΣԶԼĶбչ
ʵտʼǾ׵ģΪԼûκȨᱻ˼Ұʹӣ˼Ҽܿһϯȴһˮѣ
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ȻΪʲôϲȨƣڵĵӹɽеʿǣڰϲš
ǲˣһЩѹȵʿҲࡣ
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ɽĺôֱ̫ˣ
˷ܵҪźһߣǷԸĪʶʱ棬Էһ
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ݾ͵Ͷðˡ
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һΡɽƶˣ볣ưɽһɵɽС
ʱһɫӰȴɿ쳯Զӹ
϶ͻ֣ᷢˣǱƵλ̫
ôƣ̫࣬ʱ̫ȴԹޣǵΡޱߵɽʱϵԹ̱ĹҲĵЦݣɿĳɽȥ


388 
ǣɽΧȴһȴǿƥĽƣֹκε
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λ˲мЦӹɽɽ͵ĵطֻҪǸط˺ᱻ˱Ĳѡ
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Щ˿̫ҲϻҪ΢Ҫֵһᡣ
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һǿֻббƳ̫һۣЦһһǸӹɽʲô飬ŻҸˣ˵ˣ˭ôûеεȥðһӹɽֻһɽڵĴڣȥҲʲôˣȥɡ
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ԣ̫ȷ黹죬˲ͶԹίſǻĶԸ˵˴Ϊ
̫˵˵Ĵȡ
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̫ҲίģȻԸ˿ߵ˴֪СûаӹɽԭΪǰ죬һȺɶĻ쵰СڵλӸǿˣСĵˣҲǱǴģ
ˣĿˣСĲмһˣҶҲʮֵĲأСǣ˵С˴ģǲԶȴݺݵİСһ٣˵ʲôʲôˣ˴ֻǡֻǡ
̫˵װһµ飬˵ȥ
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389 ˣ
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ڶһδѾķŭҲסƵ̫ߵٴαɳȥһѪ
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Щӡڴʱʱڴܵ⣬̷һɾ޴ֱӰ̫Ʒ˳ȥ
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˶Ȼ䶯ˣ̫ûпƣֲƵֱ֮ӺڵĻڴϣֲı֮
ڴĿڴ󣬿̫һصǣڴֻǺݺݵҡ˼£һλָƽ
ûƿڴһСǡ
̫ˣڴҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
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390 ɱӺ
˶׷׷ʲôˣ׷׿ʼ˽
ʵЩʿЩǣЩøУΪ̫˵Ҫõö࣬ûйܹǣûѹեǡ
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ʹˣĿ˿Χŷŭıȣͽΰݱˣ
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һŭڴ˿ĻӦˡ
ڻڴȻ򿪣ХʮˣźƺƵʮڵĵӣɳڴ˺̫š
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˵ܵƣɵıŭԭһ̸˹ȥֻһΣȴĿΪһˡ
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ЦʮѾʧȥģңղ̫ͼӴףʮ˲ɱ
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䣡
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391 
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ǱǿһʵʵĺˣǾʮҲҪꡣ
һߣ˶ĵ
ĶңСӣ
ǧһ֮ʣ洫һŭȣţһƥŻ£ɿ˺ѿռ䣬ֱӰ˵֮ɷ飡
ֻо綼Ҫˣһ룬ȴԼְȻˡ
⡭
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ˣˣ
ղŶԿģһλΪﵽ˾Ĵڣ
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ԭˣ˵ڴôôѲһССɽڣôܲôĴ󣿣
һеƺѾ⿪صĿһģɫӰӣƾճǵǰ
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Ҳ

Χ۵ʿѣڵĵǣҲ𺳵ǿǸ罣ıӰһʱ䣬︴ޱȡ
ǾȻôһֳ嶯뷨
ǾϣݣԴܸˣǵ
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Ҳ룬˿ݣѾЦ˳ŶɻΪ˭ԭֻһոմﵽɵĵѣţȻˣ㲻ãһɺ˵ǰɳˣеһֺĸо𣿣
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ȴƳһʮֵɪĸˣааЦһ᲻е㲻Ҫֻ֪Ҫһ
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Ȼ·磬һҲˣɿ׷ݡ
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˰
˵ʵݶˮزϤЩ컹ǳУȥԺˮصͼȫһ飬ڣôϵ·
ܿ죬һտƫƧ֮ء
УݵΣѸٵͣתĮĿŸˣΨһ˫ȵӣڸˣǻڵһǻս⡣
Ϊ˺ûкúõսڣˣԼĥʯ
̣ʱҲΪӶߣԭȻϣ˼ء
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ݵȵͣһ˲䣬ٴεĶˡ
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硪ϯ
ԿХطƱã˺ѿķУڲ޾ɱ
ԭǷֻ֮Ƥëѡ
˼⹥ĸеһЩûԴУͬ
ˮڣ
˵Ȼӿ޾֮еˮ֮Ҳܵǣ˵֮һ𣬾۳Ӵʵˣ
ȵľͬİűڵƣȻĺݣ
¡¡
˵Ķײ


392 
˾޾ϣڶײһ˲䣬ݵĺХȫ
⾪ξҲʧȥ˽ڿ񱩵ķ籩˺£Ȼˮɢؼ䡣
⡭
ν֣ӲƴӲĶײֱӱ޴ĳ˼ݣȴӲ˰⣡
֮ۺȷ棬ûôǿӲƴӲȻвͨѽ
һغϵĽսȻ·硣
ͫ΢΢һüͷšһڵʯɿ˼ս
ȴݻˣһ̺ˮ֮Ĺһδˣһǿһĳϯ̸ǹΪ֮ۺȵĲϣʱѹȵģ
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ʹˣ˵ĴսҲ˵Ǿ춯أ
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ˮܿ˻𣬿ǷҲԿˮѽѵҪС죿СΪɺ츳棬ӦÿԶԿһ
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ͷСҲΪĶ˵
УһҪԼִֻҵĥʯ򲻰ܣôɽ㣿
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ҪɵˣֻҪĪгɣĪɼľƣֱӰѸѹȥ
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ԺʯͷɿɸѡȥŸ˵ѹȣݵ˼ɵú˼룬һ˦ԴҪָ侲ʱԺȴͻȻһһ
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ԭĽȫޣǿˣǰɳڵˣ˱һɳڵ֮Ҫۺһ⣬ģһҲǸոշûжõ˰ˣ
ԸֲˣټϴʱϷ磬˿νһᣬû˿ĵǡ
ڴǾͽаɣ
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Ҿ
ϲϵ趯Ƶ֮ɿĳ粹ȥԭˮˣȻȫھ޴С
ԭ磬ͻȻˡˮĸתĽ塯ˮ籩
ݵոˮ˵ʱɫͱˣһ룬Ȼһ
ղˮٿأղǿаˮȥ˵ʱܵǣɫɡˢĲ԰һ¡
Ų԰׵ӻûлָ̳ȥɫѿ
Ϊˣݲٿϯһеˮ籩Ű˹
֮֮㲻ǺϲˮǱͰӹһ£Ȼ󻹸㣡
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ˮ籩֮ѿǧľ޴֣ϸСѷ֩һĴӣ
еʯĩ񱩵ķϯ˽ȥ
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ۣ
ˮ籩˽Ӵһ˲䣬˺һеֱøڵѪҺ
Σ֮£æƴӿ񱩵֮ˮ籩Ȼŷ֮ȥ
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ˮ籩Ȼֲ˹ݵ֮Уֻ߶á
ˮ籩֮ô󲿷ԭӦΪ粻ͣתҲٶȵĵǿţ
ֻҪ֮άֺͿˮ籩ɣ
Ҳҿ˷ǳֻСĴ۰ܵȻҲˣܱȱˮ籩ʧȥǿ
ܵĽ
ݵˮ籩ûɢؼ䣬ԽԽǿ
ƫƧ֮أֲˮ籩ķƱãˮ籩ͬԨħѪȷ磡
ݿ¶ŵĸˣﲻɵĺٺֱЦƣڶˣڣֵÿˣ
ݿżתˮ籩ƽƶһְԲι켣׷ɱ˹ȥ
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ԼΣȴڿٵıˣŬĺˮ籩룡
ˮ籩ԽԽе
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ѾޱˣٶԶԶȲˮ籩ػ㣬ͱ籩׷ˡ
һȴ쳣ֲѲˮ籩˸оһС
ģô죬ô죿
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ţ
ͻȻƳһݣݴʱȻ΢΢Ҳǵͨ죬¶֧ţ˫Ҳóٶ
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ԭһͻȻ˹֪ˣҾ˵ô޵Уˮ籩ȻȻɵҵΪƻǣҲҪȥƿغά
ѽɱҰɣ
һղǱĳ̬ͻȻתΣſЦĶ˵
ſͬʱƴȫȥһе֮ʼƳȻƵĳˮ籩ӿ롣
޾Ĺ⻪ڿ֮ĳ֮ٴ뺣㳯籩ȥ
ˣ
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ۡ
ۡ
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394 ศ
ҿʮΪϲߣ
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ΪʱʧȥݿƵˮ籩ͻȻĿкƵ֮ǧɵˮ籩ƽŰϯؼ䣡
ˮ籩ǴڲĽṹҲԽԽȶԭ֮͸˵ˮ֮֮ͻټؼķ֮Ҳʼ֡
ʱˮ籩һ㣬ˮַ籩ٵĶҴ
ڲṹĴңʹˮ籩ȲȶۿҪֱ
¡¡
Ȼǧɵˮ籩ͻȻ壬ֲһ˲ըѿ
ȻĲ
ʹȼ֮ݣҲеһǿµ֮δӦ͸е·һؾ޴ֱӺ
ҿڸܵвһ˲䣬ϼȻϹ⣬ɫסݣΪųһ֡
ǡ
ֳһᣬȻѿһϸ죬ϼֻж󲿷ֳͷֱ߽⣬ĳֱӰҷɳȥǧ⣡
ۡ
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˦˦Դһͷԣʶ棬ĳסˣ
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ռڶͬ޵׶һ㣬ΧһжռڶɽȥڶȴһɭȻ
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ˢ
ң񽣴˺һеƣֱ˺򵥵˺ѷʩչ쾡¡
򵥣ֱӣ˺һУǽ


395 һ
ķ֮Բסңֿ֮ԹңһһҸûзԿԴУ
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䣡
ݵң񽣣Ҳ˿ճֱԭǽĵ˺ѳһǧɹ֣
һģ
ԭըĩƬŹƴһ𣬸˾ȻٶȻָֻһԹĻͷɿʧߣ

ݶʱĿֵ࣬İˡĸ֣Ȼ˵ģҲãҲˣҪɱңҲûôˡ
ˣ
ֻߵʣһδ𣬶ԻָȻûҲԪˣͬղŸܴأһλԱġ
ԼʹָΪҲĴۿۡ
˵Ǿв˿ûзϡ
ٴΰȥҸպûٸ֡
ţƵĳӹɽڸȥ
죬Ϊղһս֮ӽݽߣֻƵĽʡ
˴սۣݻǺġ
Ȼ˵˵İˣҪǹˮ籩ͻĿռڶƵĹǽ
ˮ籩Լʩչˣգǿ˵ƾʵܸˣȻ溬һ˿ҵĳɷ֡
ȴǷǳĸˣ˵ĲΪ˸ˣΪⳡսи˺ܶ࣬Ҳӵʲô˵Ķս
˶սҪ֮ۺȣңҪҪԷ򡢶ԷӦã
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÷ص㣬ȥѹˮ֮Ƿѹƣ
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·ϣĪн̸һݱúǫĪкܶڷӦõ⡣
ĪҲʮİĵøݡ
ԭʱֻ˰ʱ·̣ʱȴݽӽʱ
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ݴ߳ʱеʿ˾
ιǸ˻ˣ
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ĸȥ

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ʱݵӻЩǱģɫ۱ƣҿסҪλͷ֮ҲЩңһ֪һս
ʤ˾Ͳ֪ˣΪĴʱȴûзָ˴ɡ
ˣ˭ʤߣ
ӿ޵ĺ棬ǿݣҪʵȴ´ŭݣֻӲİǿҵɻѹ۰Ͱ͵Ŀݡ
ĺèʿ֪֮ɴɻǲȥƫƫҪһ𰸡
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Ϊ֪ݲշɸһ֪Ǹˣ߿϶ڲ࣡
ǿƽﶼһ
ҲͬڴսĽ
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ݵĻȻĮ⵭Įȴд͸ӹɽƻصÿһ˵Ķ


ҮǼһȻӮˣ
̫ˣ

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Ҳ˵ղǳսǸ˴ˣ
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ʿǾȵＸӽ޵еĸˣȻǰ˵
ҾݸղŸĶԻУ˵ʵҪڸ˴ɣ
ǣȻǸ˰ˣ


396 Ⱦɽ
˶𾪵УԼ֪ΪʲôǵеЩ˺ͼΪݵʤ
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ŵ˿˹װһǳĵģ˵
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˸Ͳ۶ûпһۡ
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ףôһ˵ҲˣϢ·ʮ鸡Ȼˣٿһˬģ֪ٺ١㶮ġ
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Ⱦɽ·ĸˣ΢΢üĮ˳
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һԭɫ̱ãŷɿӿԹı飬ϵĶȾɽߵͷɽΪ
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ȴһίгԼ޹ݵİԵ
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һҪ˵˵ˡ
ȻһλԼȥģΪͿԳгݵĿɶ֮
һͿɿȾɽԸˣ
Ц̴ž졣



397 ɽ
ֻǸ˲֪˵˵һͨȷһЩݵȷŸӹɽʿӹɽѾϽ
˵꣬СĿȾɽҪȾɽʲôӦ
˵ˣ
Ⱦɽûбֳһ˿
ǵģɽˣ
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Ҳ˵һɳڵˡ
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æҪ͡
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ǣɽˣ
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ȥһǸɳڶսɺڶһӮ˵С˰ɣôڱĹϽ֮طΧڡ

ڣ׶ڵӵǰ
ڵļʮӣҲһ֪ԭǵ˳ģ棬ǲеּ
رǿԽ۲ˣݻ˼ӡ
ݵĳ֣״ǶĲĵһЩС˼ɢΣ˳ǻҲʹ졣
Ҷԭλɣ
ڵӶɢȥǷԸʱ䲻Ҫȥ⣬þڶչأ»Щ鷳顣
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Ҳȥչɣɽǿʳ棬ҲҪȥһڵˣ
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Ҫ֮򣬾ͱӦеķ磬Ӧǵһһǵÿһ£ÿһֹ򡭡
磬ʱ顢ʱ񱩡ʱ͡ʱҡʱɭȻʱ͡ÿһַ磬ǰһַķ򡭡
У磬˷磬˷磬ҲûĴڡ
Ⱦɽ˼ݵ
ɾʱһʮ֮ƵĹͻȻӹɽ
Ƶ첻Ϣ
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ͣ͸򣬳ʱ򣬸պÿڵĵҲ˶ԳŹ㳡ȫ
ţȾɽôͻȻСС깽䣿
ѽǿһ֮Ĵڣôӹɽأ
ʲôɣ
ǹǵİɣ

Щ̸ۣüȾɽͷСǸһ֮ѾˮصĵͼϤ
ˮأһŷһ飬ˮÿһֻʮңˮأҲֻʮУܹΪʮеһףȾɽǿ֪
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˵գһԾԾݴһƵġ
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399 סɽ

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⸱侲ı飬Ⱦɽ⣬΢΢һЦѩڻתЩ͵˵ԡһǸӹɽĹߣɱģ
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ˣСһ㶼ѾΪȾɽһԱˣܸ֪Űɣ
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400 ȥɽŰ
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401 ǰ
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402 ͵Ϯ
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403 һ
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æԼľ޴׷ϸ߿еݣҲնյİԼĹס׷ݣ
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ʱ⧲֮µĺոշӦӲİݿ񱩿ֲһ
һİؼ䣡
ұֱӱң񽣺촷ۣǧɣ


404 ϣ
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һӵʵʱ˴룬ݳȴʤ׷

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ΪǿߣȻûкôȻݸղһֲǷҲûûֱӲзϡ
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Ҫޣݵķ֮ͲѲޱȣټϽ֮ƥ㷨ţҲڷ֮ͽ֮¿֧ţ಻ԣ
УٴȥԼҪˣҶȾɽˣǾ鷳ˣ


405 ˣ
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ң񽣽ʵʵĺ˻ϣȻѪȪݵ񱩵ĳǧɡ
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ݼ״üëһӦѸ٣֮˲ӿγһܣԿסĻ汬ը
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ŻನȾ˰ʣƻʱϼǰˣȴǴִֵĴһﰵЩңһͶסˣ
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״̬ȥӹɽ˵ý֦
ţ𲻵ɵ֮׼ǰӹɽ
Ѿ֦ˡ
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ԣһͣüëһĪеĻеЩɻ
˼ǣղźСһսȫĳطһ۵ףһһ˵ǳϤ
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
𼱣ѾˣߣһɳڵСһ
ĪеĻոմݹȻԶɽУƷɿٶȼ죬ٳԼӡ
ۿͿҪƽԼ


406 ʯ
ȻĪ˵˵ıϣһǿɼǿߣ
Ȼǿߣ˶һɱģôֱʣ
ɫ䣬ȴ¶Ц
ݣû뵽㾹ȻԻһɺһɺǿߣСˣضڣǿߵ޺ˣ
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Ŷ𣿣
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СĪУʵ˭ǿ˭һݵȻûѹȸУֻǣУѾԸɱġ
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𾪵ĶƾճֵΰѪɫӰڣʲôѪ壿

ĪдʱĮޱȣһ̤Խؾ룬ֱ׷ɳȥĶʯɣ޴ķ컭ꪴ޾Ѫ֮ɷЮźɨһеĿƣٴκ˹ȥ
Σʯж׼æ֮򷴿
ոڿеĽ֮ȴѪɫ֮ոմʱ򣬺Ȼ壡
컭ʧȥ赲һӲ˶ʯɵϡ
䣡
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ӣ
ʯû˿սûȥʲô˵ֱӳԶӶݣ
ˣʵӵϧԼܹߵһףǲϣﵽ˾磬ȴ׹ֻأ
ټ϶ʯ˺Īԩ޳ֻǷһ飬ԳѣԼܵв
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Īͻճ˲˶ʯɣøղŻ˷ܵڴĸˣֱסˣŵĿһС
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ݵжø׹ߣΪ˲䷢Լһ͡
Īڿкһĳǰ
Сһܲ˵ģ
ĪоȻ˵Դȥ
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ݣһﱻҷסȫҪԱܣ㴦ˣ
ĪкٺֱЦȻ𣬿ÿˣҪ취ġ
ݵ˵ͷˢ˵ߣȻʱϲ԰ף¶޵Ŀ־壬һּĿ־壡
ˣңգڣ
ɭȻȻɱռʣ


407 ˮ
ҪҪɱң
Ѫɫȫޣ亹乣˶ľ֡
ΪȷеԼͬĪ˵ȫöҪʯ٣֮Աܣ
Ϊ⣬ǵޣҪôô
֪ҪɱǱɡ
ҲΪˣǹɶĿֲԽҲԽ¶ŨŨİ󣺡ݣݴɣ֪ĳ˲С˹ܳŴһɣұ֤Ժ𣬰ǰ£ū͡
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ǣеıԽʢ⣬еɱҲŨң
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ҵʱͷԾˣλ̫ǿҲֻһֱǣ
鲢ïĽţǵ˻ɽǸƫƧ֮أȻȻԸʦ֣ʦ⧲֮£ˣΧ֧ţ
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˵˵ţӿһɱʹɱ˵Χңҿ֧ţѹԽԽʵ⣬ûа취ƴˣҿҸķ֮ٶƣһ·ѣ֮µ˸ӹɽû׷ˣ·ʣڸӹɽãȻϻڲŸյɽҾɽ


408 ֮
Ⱦɽĵ̣ɱȾɽˣ
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ݷԷ֮ѾòԵѡٴ
ǧÿһַ򶼲ޱȣ˱ķУݣֻܿܿе֮һѡ

ԣˣҴˣǧ֣ǧҲȴǷ磬ͺñһô֦ǣҪõôȴӦôһϸС֦֣
ԭƿݣͻȻ䣬һҴˣǰһֱˣԭһֱ᱾ĩ
ͷһ֮򣬲ӦЩ֧֧֣ӦֱӸ֮壬ͺñȷǴһֱ֦֣ӿϴɣ
Ҷˣ
ֻеסƿתۼɢǰģһͨĴ
硢΢硢ҷ綼Ƿ磬磬Ϊ磬ңѡ⡢Ƿ֮ʡ
磬ʱ΢ˣʱҷХʱ̹ǣıãⲻģ˶಻ͨķ磬йΪԣ˲ͬķ磡
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409 С
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410 
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413 ϣ
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414 ҵĴս
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417 
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418 ӣ
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419 ʹ
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ҵĺֵܣҽСͿˣ
΢΢һЦ˵
ȴޱȵĿݣޣȻԺ޳Ϊѣ


420 ȫ
ǶоԽ˽ݣԽеĪˣϺ޾ţ޾ܣǿ͸
ȴûлɹݡ
Ϊôõദ֪һֵȥֵܣ򣬸ղͲˣ
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СһģͻȻһ⣬ȥݵС
ԭһȴɿֹסΣڿС
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424 
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ϵɾһɽ⸱ɵĿڣȴͽʹһλִϣϵ˵ͽ֪ҪʲôһǱҵĹΰȾһҪֳͼԲԣǺãͽҾ͸֣þһ
ͽʹָһɽԶϵɾ˵
ϵɾ
ͽʹ߸ͲϵɾĻᣬԴǵĶϵɾ˲ͽʹûޣϵɾóǱƫƫֲñͽʹߡ
ôһʱ뽩֡
棬ϵɾҧгݣͽɵĻҪ޳ܣ޳޳ܣ
ڳеҲͽʹߵĴ˵ǰһλóʹλõ¼Ҫһ׳١ˡ
ԹԾһɾǿ߳Աˣˣ
ͽʹǲˮִߣȴ֪Ϊֻںѣղͽһλ˭֪ҳ
ʲôǿʲôаԵԼʵдա
ǣϵɾȴ֪ġ
⡭ͽ
ϵɾҲЩʣ֪ôˣͽִߣ֪ģʵȨԼܹô죿
ͽʹߣô
ⲻ֪ȴסˡ
ԭǰΪͽʹֻǸͨĽʹ߶ѣȻʱ֪ͽʹߺ
ֻǰǹԼŷŸոմﵽڣֻҪǸˣǿ߶ѡ
ڣȴͽʹߵǿҲףĪΪʲô˵ͽʹ߲ˡ
ֱʮֲ򵥣ǻҶϵɾͱ˺ɷˣͽʹ߲ûܵ˿˺ҿϵɾģ˼ɣ⣬˵ͽʹҪȶϵɾҪ
Ժʯ֮䣬𺳵Ľ
ٺ٣ݣܳԾɣ
ĪЦϵͽɾǿߣֻɾǿߣҲǿֵ֮ģϵ֮ͽΪͽǿ


426 
ֻûз֣ǵľͬϵɾ¶˵ȷǿǣɾ磬ֻͨǿߣǿߣڶģͺñͽȻΪֻͨһǣⲻ֪־磬Ǹ磬ﵽ豹ľ磡
ϵɾɾڣͽʹߣȴɾԲһͿԵ޵еĴڣ
ĪеĻݳˣ

ϵô㲻֣
ͽʹ߿ϵɾһһҶģ˵֪һǲ˼ҵȨǺãҶˡ
ͽʹߵĻһɽɫˢĲ԰ȥ

ʱϵɾһᣬһҧʹĿͽʹߣһָһ˿ֻͽһ˶ͽһΣ
ɱ
ͽһȥ
ȵȡ
ϵɾڵѪٴһָ
⳥ɾϵǸǲ
ٶɱɣ
ɽ

˹ĿͻȻһĿŶԷ˽׵Ĺڰнеģ˸֪
˿ϵɾ¶ʹޱȵ飬ͽʹȴüЦһֱϵ˯ⶼʧˡ
ͽʹɤӵ
ȿȡִ߸ղָһ㣬ָղ˵ԩģûкаԵ֮٣Ҳûǿ֮ˣֻǷЩᣬأˣȥɢȥɡ

תҲ̫˰ɡ
Ȼ֪ϵɾͽʹˣôģֻǣͽʹ߼ȻˣôҲζţɽҪһ䡣
ȥ
ʱ򣬶ϵɾʾⲻĵһɽǿȥ
һɽ״ٶ಻ʣҲֻһ˦֣˺޺޵ȥ
ϵɾҲͽʹ߹˹֣ͽ֣ټ
һҪ
ͽʹüЦĵͷϵɾȴ΢΢һ鴤ɿȥ
ϵһŶ
ͽʹ߶Ŷϵɾıѵ
ʱϵɾӰͻȻһġ
Χ۵˼״һƬꡣ
ûа˶ϵɾһײβͽʹߣҪǣǾȻ˶ϵɾͽʹߣԭŵ˲ĳ
ͽʹҪһˡ
ԭ᧿ΣȾɽһҸȼһУΪͽʹߡ
ꡣ
ڴսֱƴ̨տʼһɽڣΪжϵɾ̨û뵽˼Ⱦɽֱͽʹߡ
뵽ȥ
Ƕлͽʹˣ
ȵȥȾɽͽʹ߹
Сӣαʹ߰ˣϴε飬ǵˣԺҪˡ
ͽʹȴƲƲ죬˦˦֣ʹˣҪȥ˯ˡ
ͽʹߴˣ
ȾɽˣĿͽʹȥ
ˢˢ
ռ䷺ͽʹһʧǰ
ǻɽ
Ⱦɽһ˸ߺ
ɽ
˸ߺ͡
ƺƵȾɽӣʤߵ̬صɽС
νٺﶼһ
ɽ¼Ҳһ䡣
ȴ·˴̼㣬ıչ
ɾˣΪʲôҪŹȾɽĻ쵰ǣ
һɽһɽһĵĶԶϵɾʵ
Ϊʲô
ϵɾȴɫһΪɾϲŹ𣬿ǣûпͽǸһҪȾɽɾʲô취
ʵϵɾﻹͽȻԼԪҪֵ֪ƣԪ𣬶ɾĪЧԼŲʮû뵽ֱӱȥֱǴѪ
ɾˣͽľô𣿣
һɽʡ
ԣϵɾһۣҡҡͷ̾һ㲻ġ
ͽʹȻûɾĳƺţǣȴɾǿ֮һˮأ˵⣬ʣˮܼΪǿߣǣͽʹߵʵδرˮܼҪǵˮǿĴڣֻͽʹ͵Ա˲֪ѣɾǿߣȴ֪һ
ЦȻҺͬɾǿߣǣҸĶ֣Ƿľ࣡
ϵɾĻһɽˣǰһֱ֪ͽʹߺҲû뵽ȻǺˮܼͬһ
Ҳ֪ȾǼһôҵǸһԣɾҪæΪˡ
ϵɾҡҡͷȴ˵ҪҲǲܣ


427 
ĸº󣬾ˮܼҵգȾǼһҪǰȥף٣ʱϣһᣬڶôҪԼˣ
ϵɾ˵գ˦˦֣ɾȥˣԺҪෳң
ˢ
ϵɾ˲ʧһɽֻʣһɽ˼С
ᣬһڶ

ĸº
ȾɽĹڡ
ƣ񣬹ˮܼҵˣɽҲҪǰȥ٣
Ⱦɽ·ˣ˵ɽڣһĸѾˣ룬Ƽһˣĸǰȥ
ɽˣֱѡһΪǿľͿˡ
ֵ˵
ɽˣһ˵ҵһѡ
ȴ˼һᣬȻȾɽ˵
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ƣǲɵˣݲΪȥǱЦ˵Ⱦɽɶղ룿
һڷ񶨡
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˵̯̯֣꣬Ҳֻҵĸоѡ
ţѡݰɣȥ֪ͨ
Ⱦɽȴϵĵ˵ͷͬ˷ƵƼ

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ڣȴ֣ȾɽͷˣѾˡ
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š
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ֻҪˮɽϵˣɽ綼պȫһ죬ˮľˮǣˮܼҺ١
ˮǣˮܼҵĸۡƽʱˮܼҶˮĴ󲿷ˡ
ˮн죬ˮܼҹû
죬һٳνˮصĴϲ£ʣϲ£ھˮǾеġ
ȾɽˮصĽ䣬ˮǣȴˮصλãԾԶ˴ʱ䣬ȾɽˣŸϵˮǣȻʱھˮǸЪš
ȵڶ죬һ硣
ԭһľˮǣͻȻʼŵƽʣˮǣһϲ档
Ⱦɽǣȴҽȥ
Ϊǳʱʼģڻûеʱ
ĸˣȴš
ʱҪӽʱ򣬾ˮǵĳţѾվһŴźɫеĻ
ߣһɿĳ
ϵɾˮܼң綫ٱɽ
һ۶۵ߺˣǵյĶϵɾ󣬶ϵɾڳ⣬ɼС
ϵһĺ磡
һЦ̶ɾףˮܼңͬ٣ͬ룡
һɫ۵ĺˬӣҲڳ£ڼĴ£˽ȥ
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ˣﵽĲˣǽȥɣ
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󣬼ǿߣȾɽǣ˽ȥ
š
һɽһɽףˮܼҡ



428 
λ
ǿߴȾɽݵĸˣȥ
ˮǣ涼ˮܼ˾סˮˮܼҵס
ʱдϲϲȾɽݵˣں棬ΰߴȥ
⣬Ȼɽǿ߿ء
ȾɽһȣƾնһʱУݸɽ
ȾɽԽ¶ʹ飬֪϶кöˮܼҵգͷ϶ܶˡ

ɽҲ΢ЦȻߺȣȾɽȾɽ
Ⱦɽ˽ȥȻ󱻰һϣˣֻվȾɽķݡ
ϣɽ
Ҳаŵģʲôݺʲôһôʵ
ȾɽϵˣҲʶĻ̸ཻȴԽĴΧ
һǳ޴Ĵ㹻ɼˣ̻Իͣʵдա
ϷλãһѮһɾǿߣ̸Цţ˶һиУǣһº͵Цݡ
ƽ׽ˣȻû˿֮
ǣеˣޱȵľأΪⳡǡˮܼң
ȻͬĪ˵ԽǿߣԽǷ豹棬ˮܼҿƽ׽ˣͨ˻ͨǷâ¶ĶϵɾˮܼҵĶ֣֪ǿߣǲɽ¶ˮģ
˼뵽
ʱ򣬴⣬ٴ߽ˣģһߺһɽһɽ
ԣȾɽģ鲻Խ˹ȥ
ǰһɽȾɽֵ÷зڳĶţ˶еȤ
һվҲӣֻӣɺΪоʶģɡ
һɽһۣȾɽһʱǲ΢΢һ䣬Ȼֱӳһ
˼״˿һɽֿ˿Ⱦɽֺ
Ⱦɽݵ˿һɽ⣬Ҳǲɵüëһ壬ȴûг
һɽҲûսˮܼҵϯϣҶؼһǳĵĸԽ̸š
ʱһζȶЩɽѵõıҲִֻ󳡺ϣſԿ
ˣ˿ڸʱ򣬴ҲˮܼңҲλºŵӾơ
һѶϲףĻһ˵˳
ˮܼңҲһһЦӯӯĻ˹ȥ

ʱУ֮ͻȻڳһ
ǣû뵽Щ֮񱩷ĳͻȻڴУɼɫϲĴ֡
ףܼҸ綫ٱɽ
򵥵֣ȴ˾ѡ
ǵأ
˵ļ
ˮܼңȴǹ֮߳ɵĺɫ֣һݣл
⼸֣ʣҲֻд˵еĵףصġ
ˮĵ˵еشʺ󣬰ѳϵգ˸߳
ˮܼҲ֣һòŮ߳ڳ裬ڰ֮ĸ˰輼˴۸òѡ
ʱһɽͻȻλվˮܼҹһݡ
ˮܼҴˣǴϲ֮գϵŮ輼ҲѣˮܼҲͨʫҸһΪ춯أֻиף˼£һ𲻲ţȴԸɽӣΪˮܼҴ˱һ䶷ˮܼͨգСС⣬ϣˮܼҴˣϲ
һɽⷬڳ˼ž
䶷Ҳ˵ˣ
Ŷһô䶷
ˮܼûŭЦӯӯʵ
һɽɳһӣˣҪϡ
һɽƻõʩչüЦϵĽϣȾɽܹҲɳһˣѣֿգˣ
ԭҪ˻˽Թ
ԣﶼǻȻﰵ뵽һɽǹ󵨣ȻˮܼҵϳУҲˮܼҷŭ
ȾɽҲüëһһɽ̫ȻȾɽ
һǹܼҴ˵ᣬҪ˽˶Թ˹
оˮһӳһɽŭȡ
ԣһɽһȴӲͷƤشңҪΪˮܼҴˣ
㻹ҡ
⻤ӳԣȴˮܼҴϣ£
ǣ
ӳҶ죬æ¡
ˮܼҶһɽЦҲãǸȷɨˣͰ˵İ죡
ǣܼҴˣ
һɽһϲתȾɽɫУЩ⡣


429 粨
һɽӣߵȾɽıϣϴЦ⣺Ⱦɽ֪ԸԸ⣬ɳһλӣҵĵӱһˣ
ȾɽԣЩ鴤Ǳݣ浶ʵǹսɽĵӱȶ˵һ϶ɨء
˵ף֮
ôȾɽ㲻ֵᣬһ𣿣һɽȾɽԥơ
ɽˣȥƢ𱬣ҪȥȴȾɽס
ʱһɽɣȴʱվ˳Ƶŷɡ
ѾˣһɽνġݡѡȷһɽΪǿĴڣΪ۷壬ֻһʹﵽɽǿߣ
Ⱦɽɫ˱䣬ųѡȻǲˮܼӣңҲ˵һɽԣӦս
ơȾɽԷɻ
ݣǸһԲǸСӵĶ֣Īж˵
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ڣʱɴӺ΢΢ǰߵȾɽǰ
ȥλСֵܣΪܼҴ˵ᣬˣȾɽ˵ֻУȴ¶ɫɽΪһ۾ͿߵĲࡣ
Ҳ֪ɶɣղҲ˵Ŀ֮£Ⱦɽĵһɽĵӣôӵ˵ȾɽȲһɽ
ȾɽܵģǣȴûֹֻϣⷢɿԱ
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һ˵ƿԣʱ򣬴ҶΪһɽ飬עɽ
ǣеͬɽΪеģȴһɾǿߡ
ݵĻʱһ¶Щ͡
ֻΪˣѵĿģ򵥵Ϊ˸ˮܼҴˣ˵ѹûа˼棿
ȴˣ˵
⡭⡭
ɣһƵ֪룬һɽҲǱ˵һ죬æεСһ֮ͥ£ɲҪѪ˰
ԴЦ̯̯֣ȾɽԭƵɫһɨ⣬תһģݸղǷȾɽúõһ
Ĳ˵˵ģȾɽģǱӡ
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ǣܼҴˣ
ݺͬʱˮܼҹ־񣬶ߵ룡


430 

ɾǿߣǳĬӿƵ֮ʱڣ봦֮ģһǿȴ͵ȫ˿
룬һտĵط˳Ǹݺɱõģٵˣ²һߣ׼ۿⳡݡ

ص֮δɢɾǿߺڳ룬һ֣Ϊ˷ֹ˵ս档
˫˭ǳȥ⣬䣬˽
ˮܼе
ȵеһжϺ˵վԱߣһɽ֣΢΢𣬶ȾɽǶһ˿Ͳ
֮ͬȥɱԭֻΪݵһ仰ƶӳûлӮȻûлᣬɣˣңӮ˵ĻȾɽ϶ˣ
ȾɽȻ֪ϣԼӮֻǣ֪ϣС
ˣûôдǴΪоȤԲŶ˵ıΪע
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ҪʼҵȻȫ㣡ɿеģﲻӿһŭССɸͲԼ
Ȼ֪ʲôʵ֮ɫһš
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Ϲܼǧ꣡ţͽʹߵ˳һ̣ЦˮܼǰϹܼҰܳŴ˯ͷˣڲŸٺ٣֪һİɡ

ͽʹߵĳ֣˸оЩȻ˯ͷɡƤЦģ
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СӣɺҲҳۣɵ·ѾݱԼǿһУȻԼѹƵĳˡ
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˵̫ˣһЦͻȻͻȻޱȵĿնʱ䡢ռ䣬·סˡ
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ݺôǿߣټļͶȣȻȴҲ֧ţ
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ݵĶȴޱȵľ̬Уչֳ˿ֲٶȣ
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ȥɣļһ
һ䣬ȹӴ֮

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Ⱦɽֻ֪һ飬ǾǣӮˣȾɽӮˣһɺڣֱٶȣӮɺ۷壬սȾɽ汶й⣡
ףСһֵĲȤȤͽʹԭ΢΢۾Ҳϴ¶˾֮ɫ
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ʱѾĿ£صȾɽߣȾɽô𾪵ĿʱͦͦţһԺԶһɽü·Ƶġ
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ԴˣһɽΨߣ棬ʲôζˣû뵽ԼԼ꣬ԭҪѹȾɽ磬û뵽Լˡ
ˣѾˣܲȻƶգ
ʱˮܼҿˣЦ˵ڣɡ
еһΰڷ룬˻عԭλȾƳԷֻǣȾɽȴʮθ̸Цˬ
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ЩһɽĶӵĴ̶
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ǵȻͽʹ߿ɲ˵ġͽʹһǡģһǷСӣŬʹ߾ͻؼ˯ˣٻᣡ
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ݣȴǸˮܼңһ䡣
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ˮܼĶ˵ЩɻˮܼΪˮصλߣ˵֮⣬ν֮ϡ
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ݵɻȴûбֳһŵϡ
ղţʹս츳
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СӴС֣˼Ϊɾ۷ǿߣ϶ĳİϷĪƲƲ졣
ڨڨȻˣҲͷͬˣǵġ
ɺڣԼս츳ʵףҿ㣬Ӧǰͼս츳˰ɡ
ˮܼȴЦǺǵģʵ
ǵġݵͷû˵NǰͿȫƿˡ
ҪȻˮܼңͲЦôˡ
ҿս츳йʱͿռģ԰ս츳ȫƣȻԽΪ츳ͨʱ츳ͨνĴڣ
ˮܼҼ˵ս츳˵һԿףһѴ򿪱Կף
ллˮܼҴָ㣡һ̵ܽģͷȴƲƲ죺ЩĪмǰͺ˵ˡ
Ǿʱˮܼȴ˵ݣԸԸΪҾˮǵĹˣҾˮǣܼңȫ㣬úƿս츳ֱΪ츳ͨ
ʱˮܼڱ¶뷨Ǿǣ£ݣ


432 ͷ
ңһɿ
һǺݣͷӦȷŬ㣬ǣھˮǣ㽫ûɿԣǻһһǻȫ㣬Ȼ㵱ǵĴ֣㣬ɹսܻ츳ͨҲֻһĹ߶ѣ
ĪеĻ統ͷȰ
սԼȥھ򣬿ǣȴȥ˵ĹߣҪԼԼվãΨԼŬģ
ȴ¶Ц⣬Ѿ˾
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ίĻȴһ˼Ǿǣܾ
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ˮܼһ֮ɫգۼţĳͷСֵܣˣˮصϣȫǵˣϣ޵ĴΪһ
ллܼҴˣҲףܼҴյõͬ𣡡
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ܼҴˣСӾȻҾܾ룬ҪҪɱ
˻ƵͳȴڣһŨҵɱ
ˣԼսأǾžһţˮĹˣԺɾԽˮʵҲԽǿ°ɣ
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ǣ
΢΢һΣһУڣٴαÿյŵɱҲɢΣֻʣˮܼһˣÿ͸ĲɣңԶߵ޾ա

ݣȴһ·ˮȥ
ڳȥˮʱһĵģˮܼ߳ŭɱԼڡ
ݣҵܾˣһƵͻȻݵĶ
ɣݲɵüëһܣȴԶһɽ壬ͨ۵ɣһּٶȣԼ
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ݵǰһ־ǿ񣬿ݡ
ݣҪ֪ڸղţ㵽ôҵģ
вʣղŵıУǣȴգۼˣܵôܵĶ֪
Ǳһ߷ɳȥˣ
ʼ̯֣ѵҪҸ㣬սܺģ
ܣֻɺڶѣôܴңһǽӮҵģԣһݣҪٱһ
ɵܵصĴȥ϶ֳܵͼЦԣеϣҪ֤֤Իݣ
һҪӮһ
ź
˾ˣɣѵûУ
ȴ˿ֱӳԶӡ
ҲУǾʹҵʬ̤ȥ
Ѿģα֮ͬȽӱڰӿĶ
ˢ
һĨӰ˲סݵȥ·
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Ҳüëһȵ
ôѡ񣬵һұһڶɱңɱ㣡
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ɵΧԼԼȼʵʵĻ档
ݸұ֤Լٲ»ĶԼ𹥻
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ڵͫӵһתͻȻ΢΢𣬴ӦɵҪ
㲻䣬Ҿķڷʱصң˵ͱ䣬Ǳ̫ûˣԣǣȴҪһͷ

նĵ
ͷʲôͷ
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ŭĿգȫ΢΢һ棬ǡǽڵĴ糴Ӱ
㣬ûȤֻҪóĶĶͿˣǲȵģ
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㣡
Щŭ⣬һҧͻȻһСɫСɫС棬ƣ˿˿߾С룬ȴһ磬һبŵ̬С봦
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һȥƱҪݱһһѩǰܣܸĴۣ


433 
ɫСʲôƲ죬ҪмĳһʱĪȴͻȻϲ˵
ݣӦɵõǻ飬ǺöĪеЩ
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ҲһϲĪĺö϶ϺõĶ
ãг⣬Ҿͺȣ
ݻһתæͷʡ
ţ㻹ûóĲͷأȴӦæ飬ݵ

һᣬﰵ룬ɵСӿɵȻˡ
ˣ㴦ãһȻģ˵
ԣüëһ˼һᣬȻ֪ˣǣȴֻҪݱһ
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ɣѡһƫƧտ֮أɹ˹֣˵ôӮ
Ϊ֮Ȼ׼ȥˡ
ɸɫŭڣ޾Ļ֮ӿ˳Ȼȼա
ɴʱް㽾֮ɫʱɫУŻȼգս⣡
һеĻ֮񣬰գս⣬ݡ
üһݵˣ
ԭİȻҲɢΣǰɣܴѹղŶսܴһԭΪɵİ
ͨղŵĴɣȻ֪ԼĴȫԸһеȥԴɺڵݣ
ݶ֪ƣҡ
ݴûо¹
ս΢΢һ䡣
ǣɱһٴʩչĴģɱ˼
ͬݷ֣ɵĵһУȻǺ͸ղһɱУ˲䣬ݻȻааһЦȻвʣ
ݵϿգһƬɫڣͬƬϼ˲ѡ
ǣȴܵɱЩͻȻһȶ񱩵Ļ棬ͬʯ㣬ݺ
ʱɵͫȻĶסݵĶҪ֪ϴʲôԼġ
ʩչеԭ򣬾ΪģʩչУеɻ
ݣȴʧˡ
٣Ϊֻһַʽ𣿣Цңת¡
ˢˢˢˢӰ磬˲䴩棬ǧ㣬ȴû뵽Ҫտûн
ңӵʱˣ

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ᴩصĽâƾէ֣һâȴң񽣵ı壡
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ܣ룡ƿȫ֮߰ӿϵʱɢȴٺˣ
͡
ֱâȥ֮ȼգһƬͨ
䡭âĶײʹú˷񱩵ĳŰգҪһ绢ݣߡ
͡쳹صıУһ˺쳣һâû˿״ĽâȴԤϣֱ˺ӭĻһǰƣֲɣ
ôܣ
ŭĿԲǡ䣡
ң񽣲ֻǿޱȣŽĸֱӰɺɳȥɵһҽУĻ٣ȴսԽԽǿеĿҲΧʱ񱩣ʱºͣʹݿƿط飡
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һصķ黯ݵ϶ټԼңˢ
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Ҫ㣬ķڷĸԸİѲͷң


434 Ҳ÷
Ц𳹳գ
ȻߵĿͻȻǰϯȥֱӴɾ֮ºĻˣȴѽθ߶նӸµĿɣ
齣衪ǧؿն
ȸճе֮ܵ޴Ȼ룬ҲʼįĺХϵĶƶյĽâȻǵصȥ
⣬ʵǧؿն
޾Ľâȫڸ˰ʣŰХĿ绯һһǧɽâͬİһһͣЪĺȥ
죬ԷݶԷӦѾܼļ£
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Ϳոմǹ棬ֱӱմ
ֻ֪ѵһʱ֮ǿܹΣȴмЦ磬Ӱ·ѾںصķС
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ȻÿһǣÿһȴñһѼ⵶ݺݵɵͷǿԭģġ̵ϡã

ݱȣУ˲ӽɣͨ쳹޵֮ȣ
ʮתͬڵȻȥȴ򵥵ȣ
ʹ̺ͨ񱩵֮Ҳչֳ˾˵ɱ
ȻֱӵĹ켣ΧĿռ䶼Ť䣡
һֱӺɵϣǡ
߹ǶѵɴȫȥɭȻİ׹¶˳Ѫ£ѪܵһĻֲѣ

ݾһ磬ٴ׷ȥ
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¡һɽ棬ʱɽķѣǿĳ飡
ԣһ䣬ˢ
α˲׷ɣס
׷ʵ
ˡɴͷҲûİղݶŰģ飡
һ֮˿ڴתǰֲƣɿĸԭֻǣɵɫȴޱȵĲ԰ס
ôõŰѾˡ
ܸܲңΪʲôҵ֮ۺȣۺ񣬶ԷĸҲҪߣΪʲôԻң
ͻȻ̧ͷҧɫĶʵ
⣬һӵɻΪʲôΪʲô
˾ˣѲͷҡȴֱӾҪͷвʿԼʱааһЦԸķ䣬ѵҪ𣿣



435 ˮ
˾ˣԸķ䣬ôˣ
ɾݵĻǶԼ裬ܵļ
ˢٴγǿĪ˵Ļ飬һҧʹĵݸݣ˾ˣ
Ǹ溺ӣ
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⣬ֱӰУתɻ˻֣ټ
ˢ
ݻһ磬ȥ
죬Ҫٴ׷ʣǣջû˵
ǣݵıӰʧʵʱһƮĻɵĶģǻģƿط򣬶Ǳ̶ס˼άˣʱҪıͨ
˫һ̧ͷٴȥȴݵӰ
ƿط򣬶Ǳ̶˼ά˼¶ϲԭˣԭˣҪȥҪչأ

ĪУ飬ʲô
ĪţĪʵ飬Ī˵ĺöӦòɡ
籦飬ǿɾǿ߶ҪҪıŻ飬̺֮ıԴ壬ɾǿҪ߾ͻƣҪԴ뷨ԴںΪһԣ籦飬ͳǲ͸ԴñˣŻ飬ǷųȥЩ֮ɾɽǣҪۺˣ治֪Ǹһôõģһûб˷֣Ҫǣõˣ𶼾Ʒˡ
Ī˵ϲ֮鲻Զ˵ݵջ񣬾͵ջ
ۣԴɾǿ߶Ҫı
ݰզ࣬öԵĺöҲҿⶫ̫ãɵǲʶԼ
ĪУǻ飬Ƿ߲֮ɣòҵİҲɣ
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϶ûô⻹ǸɽһСı֪ͻᱻɾʱ򣬺ٺ١
ĪкٺֱЦһתǲȫȥǾ׬ˣ
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ݵȵʵ
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ãһΣ
ЭĪеĽ͵УУ
СɽÿжеĴڣ濴ıϣ뵽ģжУǣԽõĶԽ࣬۸ҲԽǮ˵ĵطȥһͳˣ
Īĵ˵
ԣԺֳ︡ˮصĵͼȻ֣ĳУˮˮˮˣ
ˮǣպÿȥʶһɽǷ⣡
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ˮˮܼҵйˮܼǹĴܼң֪ˮǺ;ˮǣֻڶѡ
ӵг̣Ѿˮ⣬ǣɲշУԣݷɿĽ
޴ɫʯþ޴ķӲһֱͨƶ˵Ρʥǣռǽǧɣ˰ػܲ͸磬⣬ˮǣ
Ρ룬׳ۣ
Уһɾ޴𺳣Ȼ
ɫǽϣ˺ɫɫĺֲһӾ
òѹĵ𺳣ɸߴĳţ⣬һɫɺ۷ǿųУǿƵļզ಻ѡ
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ݾҪ߽ȥȴǹסɺ۷ǿñ䵭ĮĻ˵
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ػһػˣյݰȫǵͨ
Ҫϴ˹Ⱦɽ˼ƷɾǶˣɾɾĪ˵ûѻֵ󻯣ٺ٣ʱ򣬱ҲǸˣ
ţһ˫۾ܣ治ѡ


436 
𺳡
ڣֻʱˮǵĸܡ
ˮǵİɿֵ˳˺ͷܶѣν
ÿһˣɢƣݸоľѣΪֹΪ͵ģҲֻԱߵһͨСʹˣСҲһΪͬΪɺڵˣɽǿƣȻ٣Լһֱˣ𺳣
ȴڳеϣСˣǿɾǿߣÿһˣޱųе򣬷ҡ
Σǳ׳˼ʶôãĿǰΪֹˮǣΪ𺳲ѣ
ѵͬʱȴû¡
Ժͼ֣ˮǵϸͼչݵԺˮУ
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ʵֻҪһεģٴοͼˡΪˮУͬһΰ߷ˮУȺʹǵһطֻҪһۿ룬ܹߵˮС
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·ݲǱСɺڣɽɾ
ķƽȶԴǿߣֻˡ뵽
ҪίйУһ
ݵ˳ȥ

û˿Сݣİһ䡣
һͷȫ׵ߣĿϢ
ˣ
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˵գݣҪݵĵϸֻǣôݶɺڵΪѡ
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СѣɲܵЦҪ֪ܶͱпЦˣ³Ƿɻˣ
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߿ݣɫ࣬ȻڸݣûаЦ
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ģҲһЩݣȻڻССɺڣл顣
ǣһһһл飬Լǵһͻ
ԣһ˫ٴιΪǣЦСģȻֵǣһǿģϢй¶飬Ǿ͸õˣˮ֤ȫϢ֤û˿׷Ѱ㣡
ߵĵݷ
ݣİɣ㶼ܱ֤ƨ
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λСѣڿ˰ɡ
۾Գһ죬ЦǺǵĶʵһ˼óʵó顣
ãʱ
һһö顣
ڻֵһ˲䣬ϸСƤ϶Ȼ⣬ڻϡ
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437 鵤
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439 ɱԽ
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440 ߳
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441 ٸвУ
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442 
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üëһⲻҪ𣿣
ݴ˻һ˱Ǹ뷨һˮˣ⵨ӻС
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һҧסʹʹһС޴ڰУݶ˵С棬漴ԸСɵѪһץС챳ϣŽСٶȣԶݣ
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ﱩȣоԼ꣬Ȼʮĵķ룬ţõ֧ԮĿķֱӺݺݵӡʮĸʿԺ

ֻе˫һڣһڵأʮĸķƵʿͫȻȫնȥû˿ɫʡʱƣǿնͫٴλָ˹ǵ˼άٴλعֻǣǿʱ˼ᶨĳ羴ҡŷġ
ķϣһǿǾǣݣݽҲ޷
֮⣬ǵһУǰһһһһжһģûиı䣡
ڿʼûԭĵţ㣬ӽԺ󣬾ͽһ
ݸоʹԻЩٴվɨʮĸˣָһǿΪߵʿ
ǣˣ
Ǹģû˿ı飬ϣӰԥǱʶݵһС
㣬ͽ㣬ơ㣬ʮġ
һһΪ֡
ķİԵ֮ʱ¶ˣʮĸˣûһ¶һ˿ԥǱĵʿģǵģҲ˵
ХǣһĻ󣬶Ŀ࣬ðԵĺðԵķֱκιĵķҪԵ
򵥣㣬Ե
Ȼݶǣ棬ĿķİԵʱҲĸܵе𺳡
Ҳһǿǿʮĸʿȫסˣ
ڵһƻĵһ裬ˣţǵڶˣ


460 ƻʱ
ݰԵһңԼ꣬ѰǿĻĸ㲻ʮĸʿôļƻȻҪۿۣҺãҧ֧Źˡ
סղſķĸӰ죬ݶХ˷ԸХǾŸˣʮĸˣɸѡʺԵķ򣬾ͰǷ׵ȾŴѡסÿҳˣһŸ
ХѡԵģԣѡԵġסһҪʺϵɸѡҪʮĸ˵Ǳھѡ֮ٸң
û⣡
ŸŵǷųʶʮĸ˵ɨţƼ򵥵ĹȴֱӻһʱھŸ˹ͬͷ֮£ѡõķ䷽ʽ
ʮĸˣȫɸѡˣʺԵģʺԵģʺϡǷʮ˵ġ
ǶǰҪġȣı׼ġ
ʮĸˣҲҪֱӳΪǿߣһҪǶϣʮĸˣԷӳԽһʵ
˫о媣Ѿһļƻڣǰƻ׼ȷʵʩš
ʮ
һ࣬ʮĸʿȵ
ūڣ
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Ҹÿһ鵤ʺԵƷ鵤
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ţ
ಡ
ݵĻ£ʮö鵤ʮĸ˵ԣʮöֱӦʮĸˣ
ǻصö鵤չֻҪȫ鵤ҩǵʵٶԴﵽɳڣĵȥڲͬʱԼ뷨͸ҲԺ󣬻ܹͻƣȥɣ
ݵĻŲɿ飬ХǸоԽԽһλߵˡ
鵤飬ڸղŵĻϣݾѾˣٽͲôˡ
ֻǣǶݣеһĵľ壬ʲô飬ƻƵģһоգһг
ţһԸɹĽһĴԻͣ
ǣˣ
ʮĸʿڿķ£û˿ԥǵ鵤صԵĶʼչʼ鵤Ϊǿߣ
ȵȥԭףһ̾˵Ǿãһ᲻̫ˣǵ񣬸鵤൱ڰǵǰ;ɱɾ磬ʮĸˣһӶҪͣɾˡ
ݵǻЩεĸо
ݣô˵ǣͶܳ羴ǶǳϣΪ£Ϊĵİ£ֻΪ˷ֹѡ
㺦鵤ĸã˵ʮĸʿһһмԴﵽΪˣǾ㲻ˣݣûд˵㻹ǣǵĿֻ꣬ǳΪˣ㣬ȴֱǵĿʵֻ֣м㣡
ϹٷĵĻݵɢ١
ϣ˰ɡ
̾һҲỳΣǣȴԲڣΪѡûдļƻûдҪΪλߣҪɱ¾ϣģôԳɵ˴
ҪһҪ۷壬ƷĥѣԲ٣Ҫɱ¾飬Ҳһ٣Ǹոտʼԥˣôʲôϣûˣ̸ȥĪУ
Хʦ֣ҵļƻҪǾŸҲ³ҵ⡣
ݶХŸ˵֮ɸѡԣҪǣѾǬ󣬽̵ǣǬҼģõϷʮĸˣѧžǬôܷӵʵ϶һ޴ľ
ʮĸˣԷֳ飬ÿˣÿŸˣһǬ󣬼ʶǬݣұ֤Ǭ󣬾ԿԿһսУͺñХǣԺΪֱɽǿߣϺǿߣڲ֮أ
ԣţʮĸ˶ﵽΪԺټϾǬİʮĸˣ£Եֵסɽǿߣ
ɽǿߣʲô
һ£ɽǺɨһɽ´ˣ
ҲݣΪʲôƴԵʣôݿ˵ɽУ޵еˡ
ܹڶʱﵽЧݣǳ㣡


461 š顯
ڣݸûȥԼȥɾǿߣΪǸǲܵģ·ҪһһߣҪһһڳԣݶ
ʮȫﵽɣ˾ǬڶʱڣѾ㹻ˣԺţһһһ죬Ի֣
ݣǾŸûģģǾǬͼĹԡܷӳЧ±ǾŸҪϼ֣Ҳ뵣ģǾŸ˰շϣ˵ЧͬǺǿģ
Ի˵
ݶԴˣͷû⣬ҷȥǣ
ȴ¶ɫʵǺаյģֻǣҵĵǣʮĸˣ᲻ǵĹ
һǣǵģǾԷģǵ񣬾ǾĵĽ̵ǣҪģϣǵʵԽԽǿֻܹŵһʱֻΪǴ̵棬ģҪԼȥܶ
֪
ХŸˣ˵ͷ
ҲҪżҳƣʮĸˣҪȫ鵤ҪңϣǿԶɹ٣ΪˣʱǵͿԽԽˡ
ЦЦ˵
ģ˵꣬ԤУһ꣬ǾͿȫɹ٣ʱ״ңҲǿˣ
Хһģ
š
ݵͷϹٷķ򸾣ϹٷģҲǶɽٺΪӣȴǶɽٳڡ
ݣǲϺȵġ
ѩ촽
ʵЩ꣬ѩû͵֪ԽԽǿǺºݵĲԽԽһֱƴ
ڵΪѩǺڣҲǿƵĴﵽ˶ɽٳڵΪ
ô˵꣬ЩˣΪˣ־ԵţİգиһЩ
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ݶǱһЦЩ£һоڲС
ˣݣȻûȫ죬ǣǲȸһְɣͺñˮȾɽ֮ģ˼Ҷһִš
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Ŷ֣
ԣˣһһӣȻͬĵȻǡ顯ˣ
ûУǾ˵ˣȵʽʱ򣬴žͽ顯ݣҪɽ磬һ
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Ѿ¶˾ģҪһԣӦѵģһ㶼ڣеɾ
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뵽
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ХҲ˽ֱӰǵľ飬ȫݣȵХ˵꣬˼УХǵĻĥԣʺϵľַ
һ˼ݳ˼ƻҪȥ̣㡣
ȳȥˣסǧҪ鱩¶ڵĵӣΪһǻûгɳʱͱ¶Ǻпܣᱻɱѿ֮У
ȥ֮ǰѡ
֪ˣȥɡ
Хִ֣ߴݸϽȥ

ȥ˸ӹɽݻѡˮǣΪʱǰȥĿ꣬ΪˮǷ̶ȣУҪ̫ࡣ
Ҫ򷨱ȥһĵطһ㣬ˮǵѡҲһ㡣
ʱѾǵˮˣΣԵüˡ
ֱѡˮǣķ̣бϲԶһ¥һΨһڡķ̡
һʱңһּۻ֮£ݻ˽ӽһƷɾʮıʮıƷĽ׵ģһɽǿߣʹõķ
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ԣֱӰԼķĿ꣬ˮĿջ¥֮ĵط


462 󷨳
һˮʱʳ󶯣ɬԱģֻȥڲͬˣݺô˵ǲƴ֣ССĻӻһ𣬻ǿԵΡ
ݹ˼֣ѡһҾ¥˵˽ȥһ¥ˣСӭ£ߵ¥ΪĿλϣȻһԼ۱Ȳļƣĵȴ
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¥ܴ󣬲ȴܶ࣬¥Ҳûжٿеλãˣѵˣٶ۷ΪĴڡ
ңЩ˵߿ɽ¶̫Ϊһɢޣпɾѡ
ݻΧʱһˣݵע⣬ݵĶϡ
עԭΪ顣
ɣڵȴϲοʱ䣬ϵľƱӣʮָָǳɣͬľ飬趯ţһƱʮָ趯£ϰһҵĹ켣ƶš
ǣҵĹ켣УȴһĨΪ£ݲϸͷЩңɫۿܾûлˣɫȴ㣬ǣʱ¶һֿȵ״̬·ûпݶ
תר־Ĺ۲ľƱ߰˸Ʊϣ·𱻸ԣͬһֻֻ飬趯š
ͻȻ߰˸ƱͻȻ˹켣ײһǸЩݵˣ˫һ֮ӿ˳ЩõľƱסûзɽȥ
תɺĽ˫ֲҵͷУҵӣȵϣ¶˼ڵӣһĶ棬·Ҫ棬һ֮Ȼ
ȴݵʿ
ݿⷬڵӣȻǿ츳ǸţǸ󷨳ˣ
ղݵ˵Ϊݿһ趯žƱһ󷨣󷨣ǡĿĪдϢС
ԣݲһ˲䣬ͷӦ
ǰˣȴֲǶ󷨣Ϊϸڷ滹ƫģҲ˵ԼݣԼ󷨣˽⣡
ܹԼݳһǿķȻûƣǣʣǸţ
ݵ۾гһϸ죬Ĵɣ˼⣺пǸɢɣǸ쳣ȣ쳣еɢɣƫƫûжûжٿԹѧϰ֪ʶô㹻ϣΪ϶Ծһµ̨ף
뵽ݵɵĿʼС̣ԼڳεУʱԼȱģ˲ţǡ
ٺֱЦ
˼ŵͬʱǸɵľȣѾ
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ҰĬˡ
ֱȥɸɴ಻ݣֱԹԵĳԺŶ
ڿɣϵĿѾˣƽˮž޲ǳĳԺϵľȡ
ݼԼӣҲӣ뵽ţаġ
λѣҸղŹ۲㣬о
Цӯӯ˵
󷨣Ҳо󷨡֣ԭƽӲʵ
˵ת䣬ݵԤϵС
Щ̫ͨıɪȴǫһЦ
֣ͨƲƲ죬ٴλָƽͷݡ
ȴһ䣬¶һЩȤ飬죬Ƶĵȴ֪ղǸ󷨣֮Իʧܵԭ򡣡
˵գһȤɣȿɣʲôӦ
ȻɣֱӾͶ¿ӣ˫Ŀݣһ־ϲʲô˵ģ֪ʲôط˴ôܣ˿һˣǸоеطףǣȴǷֲˣﲻף㣬ô֪ﲻף
ϲУŲš
ٺ٣ϹˣϹˡ
ٺֱЦ˷ôˮɵע⣬ڹȤˡ
ϲѡ


463 
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ݼȤ¶Щ⣬Ц˵
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һϵķ롢˵ʼǵĶԽԽ죬ԽԽҡ
ÿ룬ÿҵ϶ģ棬ǵĲӰ˾ȵǣٶȼ죬켣ңȴû˿ײ
ӵĹ켣еİء
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ɣԺֻҪ֪ĺ棬ʲô
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Ȼϣǰˣ󷨳ˣֻҪһ㲻󷨵İ壬һв;Լļƻǳɹһ㣬ٺ٣ţܹõǡһ޴Сӣ츳ϣԿ˵ֻҪ
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ʱݳԶƽһΡ
һһڣϸʣһٷ˰ʱٷһɵȵͷҪȥݵķ룡
ɣջڣյͣҰһ죬һδģ
ѣλѣԱûУܲܰ󷨵°벿ꡣ
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ҡҡͷɵλѣ֪ɺǣ
ǰ°ԽҰɲһʮ˴ȥˣָݰѽꡣ
Ŷԭǰɰ
ݶ԰ɣЦŹ˹֣ҽһ£ҽݣ
ѣ㻹ǰ˵ɡɶҪˣݣֱڴĵθڣǣֲ÷ŭϾȫû񣬸İڡ
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464 £ʧܣ
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΢΢һЦͣѾ¶εİɣжĳԸȾ
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ڼɣȴӴţһĨϲɫӿ˳˵ͻȻۣϥԺһӿͷʮİ壬ԽԽչֳ
ʱ仺ţзȫһߺ˫ֽӡβ˫Ȼѹеľ޴ľ׷״Ӱڵϡ

ݴ˼ղ֮ľУתʮʵ˲
󷨾ˣ˻ɱˣǿֲޱȣǣҪάֵ֮ͬӴġ
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ʵ󷨵߾磬ǽΧÿһɽÿһȪˮÿһʻÿһľɽˮʻľǡİŲãγһȻγɵ󣬿أ֮ͨе֮Զάִ
ز󷨲ϢߣʹҲҪУǱ֮ˣ費֮߱ˣΪͨ죬ǿƻṹ
ԣҪС󷨣չֳǿֲޱȵģ
ݿŰɣʱʮѾͣɣȴɳڸУУһɾ֮飬Ȼ
޵֮ˣһִŵģǶôҪɣǡǡһ㡣
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ҲżһߵϢĵ֮һ߹۲찲ɣ֮
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ѣ
ݽסɣЦѣҹά㣬ʾԾˣϧһ˱쳵վѳɴ£صĲοϣ֮ģţһԳΪһң󷨴ɡӣ
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оģȷǺãԿһأǣ֮İȴԸ죬ЧʵĴﵽĿ꣡
ݵûǣȴУңҸ㣬ҲϣһУ󷨴ʦӵľĵãҰӵ㣬ô㡭
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ɲ֪ĪеĺϢУݲӵңӵԼ󷨵ĵãȫ¼ж󷨵Ľ֮ģʮֵ
ֱ󷨽ľؾЩĸ򣬾ԻһԾǧɡ
ҲݸûлѶʱȥ󷨣ȴȻĴ󷨵ԭ
㣬ԸӴʦң
ɵЩЩţЩڴЩɡ
Ը⡣
ݹϵĵͷȴֻһתֻǣҪӦһǾǣңҵ£
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ݿԸоɵ͸¶ļӹɵĹϣ֪գʧˣ£ʧܡ
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ݵĿʵܼ򵥣ǾǣԺԼѣƽҸĹƽҸӡ
ǣ֪ǲܵġ
Ϊ̫СˣСײԼˣСԼѣСܹΪֵ߲嵶
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΢΢ݡ
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һ䣬磬˲俿ɣ˫ָһڰɵĶͷͬʱӴƺӵϢݵʶӿұۣͨ˫ָ밲ɵʶڡ
ݵĻʶһ£ţ͸е罭ӵӴϢƴԼʶУϣӿ˾㵲졣


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ݻ䣬Ӱ磬ʧããɽУֻ仰õɽС
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Ҫر˴󷽵ģӴʦӴʦеѪȫˣ
ܵʶƾնϢ֪Ⲣλá
ţ𾪹󣬰ɵϣӿһĨӵ飬ૣ޵У޵УݣҰɣľˣ

Ҳһ£һţȴ̫ϧˣ
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ľˮ죬ҲˣʮıҲΪԼʮˣһõװ
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֣صĶʮ˵ҪȥȾɽʱûгǰҲԼĵϸ¶ҲסҪǵļƻ¶
ݣģǶ
֪ⲻǿЦʱ򣬶׷ĵͷǶĸ֮ҲϣΪ׸
ˣֻ֣Ҫڼһʱ䣬ҾͿ԰ǹĽߣʱҲػȥˣ
ȻᣬȴȻѡصȾɽʮ˻û鵤Ϊ֮ǰᱩ¶
صȾɽֱӻȥԼĶ׼չء
˵ʵǿ﷦ζģ˸򣬻Ǹ˵ƴΪ˿Գͷأɽ㣬ߣɽ紳һá
ǣǧ򣬴ǧԶһˣжء
ҾǧеһԶһˣ
ȴ٣ľκεĥѡ
ƽһĲ׼չķ֮ȻͻΪɣڽ֮ĵ;ϣݻͣɺڵľ硣
齣裬֮ͽ֮ศɣۺһ𣬲ܹӳǿĹơ
ԣڽ֮ĸϣҲڵĿ꣬ǰѽ֮ĸ˵
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һصˮǣȥʱˣ֪֪ͦãʵˮУһͷȫ׵ߣҡ
ɫû쳣·ڽһƽһ˵

Ǵܹܡ
֪߰Լ֮صģӦþǴܹܣΪԼɽ磬΢֪ԼȾɽģָ
ݣˣҳ°Ȼʲô˾ӣҲ֪֪ͼ˴ȣҳ°ǳлԣˣ
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ͬˣ
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˵ȾɽĻǲͬġ
ҲشֻԼ˵ɽ̫࣬ңҾӣҲֻǷ㣬ҽɽ̫ܵġ


466 󷨱
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ҸһСܰˣҲڲõĽҲȾɽݣԼ
ѹߣѻﴫ밲ɵĶ

ϵĲһţȷʸҵ¡
ڣǲͬˣ
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˼ʱĿתĿŰɲ󣬿ַڵʱ򣬲иİա
ɲٶȺܿ죬ѾйһΣַֻ죬ֻǰҡ

γɣݵߣһģ֮䣬Ѿһ
ڣԳأ
ֻеԼΧͻȻ˱ѩ磬ƮƮѩ£޾ıɽӣ̹Ǻģ·Ҫ͸ǣֱӱꡣ
˼άʼľʼʹ±ϣͻȻѿһӣУͨʮɵľ޴ѩʯˣð˳
ѩʯˣһСɽСıѩ޴ûصĽŲݱƽ
̤̤̤
صĽŲһشͷҪ඼ɷ飡
ۡ
ϣԽԽıѩʯð˳أǧѩʯˣıѩʯˣɱѩ󳱣Χ˶


467 ѩ
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ʵ翴·Ծ⣬ַ·ڵصڤ˷ֱ͸ڣݵĶ
ѩ󣿣
ݰԼס֣ԺﲻϵɸѡֵϢǣģԺûм¼Ҳ˵û˵ѡ
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ôǿıѩˣþʵĴڣ
üëһ¶˼һУ˻þþǲʵģֻΪԻģ𵽿ãʧصġ
ʣѩ磬ʵǸþǣѩ˵Ĺǲǻþأ
ݸɴ۾־Ե״̬ϼȴѾǿʵɫâȫԷһ
ҪҪҪľ侲
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ѩ󣬹Ȼ󣬹ƾɽǿߣ׳۵ĳˣһ̫ݵģȻġ
ݲɵ군ˣҪǰ̫ûˣУ뵽ķҪȻϵԽãԼԽ
˼ʱʮѩˣ̤ųصĽŲ涼Ҳϵıѩ޴Ȼݣ
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ϲ֮ʱһңһٴδһĨ貵Ĺâֱӻĸѩˡ
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УҪƵ󡣡
¶ģԼʶɿӳȥҪƿ󣬾Ҫ˽кʹİȻҵۣһٴݻٵۣȻȻƳˣۣڣҲԴԴأƳֱۣӿԵ󣡡
ݵʶɿռ䣬ȥţڲת켣Ͳİ


468 ѹأ
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ȻǺõĲ黵飬Ȼǲ֮˻Ը
ݲһûƿڴǡˣƤѩ˲ԽԽ࣬һֱսսҪɱеıѩˣʵ
ԽԽΣգǰ⣬ҲԽԽ
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469 
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ֻǣΧ߸طȴöɾǿ˷顣
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ѣҸĴԻ洺ﺮ󣡡
Ҳ߰ɣ֡
ﺮڵĻڴ󣬲ȴĪеĸ죬Ϊ˴ﺮ󣬶ȴУתתǬɶһ޶ģ洺ﺮ
ڣɱأˬУİԵɨһУ
洺ﺮ󣬿ȴ壬в棬ɱʱή٣


470 ƽ֣ɹ
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Ҳŵķû֮һţ
ڸ߿֮Уڿ棬棬ȴԿĶʱʱ̿ע棬һΪڰΣյʱ򣬿Լʱ֡
Ҫɵ׿ɲԣƿԼĴ
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ӿһĨϲɫȻѾˣôǱ߱˵һ㣬ĳԱҪϢġ
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471 ͣ
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ɾˣɫôˣҪȸһ£ȥϢݻҽ֪ͨԹȥݼ
ʱȾɽϹϾĶ԰ϵһ˵
һۣŭеҴܣȻ֮һɾ
ǰŸպͰȥʱɾžȾɽݡɽǿߣȾɽȾɽ͵ǣͱϹϾİ˽ȥ
ǣȾɽ𾪵ȴǣɾ֮ԴݹȾɽԭ򣬾Ȼݵģ
ңȾɽ𾪵ǣ֪ݸպóȥɽɾȻûȻڴڵȴһȣʱ
һɾǿߣ֮һԺݣȻΪһɣȴʱû˿ŭͲ⣬Ҳ̫Ǹˡ
ˣɾڵȵȰɣ
ɾ԰˰֣˿⣬񣬾ĵȴ
ݣôɾʶģңɾȻôӣһССɣɾǿǰ΢ɾݣҪݵĻֻҪֱȾɽҪȥ
ǣɾȴûôԴɽĸԸĵ˵ɾܸӣܹһɾǿ߸ӣס
Ⱦɽ棬𾪡졢ѽ⣬ˣԼȾɽССӣʲôʱôˣ
Ⱦ찡£ͺͱɾ˵˵ݵһЩɡ
ͻȻɾˡ
ݵ飿
ȾɽһݣɾĻҲ
֯һԣȾɽڸӹɽ£Ȼܸ֮¼˵˳
Ŷ˼ǣɳڴɺڣңɽˣ
ɾʵ
ûдʱʲԾȾɽҲûʧ̶ʮʮ꣬ʹﵽΪ
Ⱦɽ˵ͷ
Ⱦѽʵȷҡݣš
ɾζȻٴαϢ棬ɾȴ˼ţݣϿкܶܣȾɽıˣңпɾ磬ͼսǱܣǣôõȱģʵˣˮأʱգͻһǿ
򵥣ɾ˵ݲ򵥡
Ⱦɽ棬˲ԺֳָˮܼҪݵ飬֪Ⱦɽһ˿Եĸо

ѣʱûнȴҲΪʱԶˣҰ顯ԺǡһԱˣҪԱڸӹɽʱ죬ǾɽǡĴ
ݰҪϢ߸
ȻѾˣôЩ飬϶Ҫ֪
һ·ϣݶڸ߰صˣʱ˵˸ӹɽһһģǽܸʶ
ݣңǵôˣ
ɿ˵ֻݺ˺󣬲ɵ˲ˡ
Ȼ˵ûнǣҲûԤϵνֻôһˡ
ţȻʱֻôˣҪţڲõĽͻ𣬾ͻ󣡡
ȴû˿Ĳ˼ޱȵţ
ѣŲţݿŰɣζʵ
һĬ
ȴĵͷݣȻϣǲŵģ˵ҹ˵Ҷ뿪
ã⻰Ұ
صڰɵļһģˣ˵٣Ϊ͵ġ
֪ݾȻһǿߣǶǳĸˣеĺͰɽ
ȥһðɺúҪȥȾɽˣѣӣϣܹϣٽһ
һõĻȥȾɽһѾǰˡ
ɵݣãػɽŵػˣҲѺõĴһк
ʦ֣ɻˣɽ˷Ըʦˣȥ˵Ҫ飡
û뵽ػ˿ݺüȵ˵
֪ˡ
ݵ˵ͷ棬һ˿ɻֶҪ飬ʱʲôҪ飿
ţݷ˵ϢƵͷɽȥ


472 ˳أ
ɽˣʲô
Ŷԭɾ
δʻ˽߽ڣˣΪʲôȾɽôżԼ˵Ҫԭˡ
ɾݣѹȾɽô𼱻ǵĽԼ
ݿԭɽϣŸˣɾԺ΢΢һ˼ɾ⡣
ɾˣ
æ乪˵ҡͷɾˣλߣµľǶ
ݣôŻɾ˶ʱˡ
Ⱦɽ¶ЩֺͲá
˼ô˾õˡ
һЦֵ
Ⱦ죡
ʱɾЩĶȾɽȡ
ЦĴӱݵСѽô˵Ҹл㻹أ㣬ҵ飬ԶԶû˳
ɾ̫ˣʵ˵ʵҵİҪҸлǡ
֪ɾ˵ǻ飬ɾõջ
Ҳû˵ѣɾɾݿԷȥ˲£ҲǽԴϲ
ˣǶҪˣ˵һᲹظģû뵽ȴôãʵǹⲻȥ
ɾƾնһСѣԼ㣬ϵеϣһ
˵գɾѴݸݡ
⡭ɾһƬ⣬ҲˣҲϣɾһ;ϣߵøԶ
Ҳɾֱӽ´
㼪ˣСѣҵȷջСԣ׼չһʱ䣬û£ҾҪˡ
ɾõ󣬸оԵĸͻȻȻԣŻʱݣң⻹ʱԭ
׼أȫɾ۷徳硣
ɣݣҪҰæĵطɽңˣǣ
ߣ
ݵͷȾɽɾɽ⣬Űݡ
ɽˣҲҪȥչˡ
ȵɾߺݶȾɽ˵
ãȥɡ
ȥıӰȾɽЩӣһλԼԼˡ
׼ȷ˵̫͹ˡ
ղݺɾ̸ȾɽסˣݺɾĹϵǳУɾȻݣҪæȥ
ȾɽҲ벻ɾ֮ô˵ԭΪԵʣ֮ǰһ顣
ԲǷ֮С֪ܲݵˡ
Ⱦɽһ̾

ʱۣţգ͹ȥˡ
ڣ˫һĨϲһš
ʮˣȫ鵤ҩˣ̫ˣ
Ϊʮ˵ˣȻԸӦʮ˵״ڱչأû뵽鴫Ϣʮˣȫ鵤ҩʮˣȫﵽΪ
һӣݾʮĸǿߣ
˵뿪Ⱦɽӹɽɳ۶ȥʱ䣬Ѿɹѽ֮Ҳɺھ硣
ڣֻһͿԳΪɽǿߣ
ɽǿߣһˮ룬ǿߣͬն
ǣҪﵽɽǿߵľ磬Ǽѵģϣɰǧ꣡
ʱ󣬸ӹɽڣ
ףݣˣ
ݵĹôϲ⣬ɣҲĶ߳ڣɶ˵ĵһ仰ǣݣӴʦ̬̫ˣҸоҵ󷨸ڷһĽ
ɵϣӿֵϲá
Ǿ͹ϲˣ
ԣݴЦʵԽǿİԽ
ʵΪ˵ǣХǾŸˣɹɹ٣ﵽɾ磬ֻʣϹٷķ򸾣ѩŮڶɽǻˡ
ٹ꣬ЩԭԴﵽ˾磬Ϊˣ
һ㣬Ϊˡ
ףֵܣΪﵽɺ۷ˣݸӦɺԼһֻһҪﵽɽǿߵУ
ûдǰһֱ󷨣Ϊûл̫£ӴʦټԽǿĴҪԽǿ֧֮ţصذصΪϣĻ֮ڣҾͿԴﵽɽǿߵľ磡
ɵţ
ã
ݸ˵˵ڻһǣڸ˸ˣǾǡҵʮˣѾȫˣ
üЦ˵


473 ߳
μˣ
ʱ򣬴⣬ʮĸˣһ£̤漴ߵݵıϣˢˢĵ
ڸڵʱ򣬾Ըʮˣϡ
пķãݿ׵ڶξڣ
ܺãܺã
Լʮĸʱϸһȥ󣬲Ц
ݵʶӦԼʮˣ˶ﵽɾ磬ңʮڵģݾȵǣԼõһڷ鵤󣬾ȻֱӴﵽɺڣ
һʽϸߣȫ鵤ķԼҲջ񣡡
ϲ
ݣ⡭
ĿĿŴʮˣΪӦʮˣǿߣڣôôˣ
Щ㶣֪ʮ˵飬ʮͻȻ֣Һݡˡɲɵӿ˾ȣݣ⣬ʮĸɣôģǵӣˣ㲻˵Ǿ⼸𣿣
˵
֪һʱ֪״һЦ԰ϸϸ
ԭˣݣ˵ôôţԭ׼ֲ̫ˣʮĸˣɽˣȰɽҪһ㣡
ˣףôˡ
ˣˣǵԿɽҪȵҵļƻȫʵʩϣǵȫʱ
ĵ
ʮˣǵķţ
ķƾճڰУȻһӦŷɹȥ
ڴŷȥĵȥң
ݶʮ˷Ը°ɣ
ǣˣ
ʮˣŸԵķٴλصЩΪģΪϾǬ󣬶ɸѡʺϵķˡ
߳ˣХʦ֣ǾŸˣǾǣȵҵʮȫǵķ֮ǾȥǾǬ󣬰пϾʱҲȥоһ£ʮ˵󷨣ҺҪĿ꣬ǳɽ𣡡
ݵУӿȵĹâȵҳΪɽǿߣҾֱӿü£ɽѹ󣬺ʮĸ󷨵ǿߣǵԿԺɽǸʱǲ߳˵һĵһ

ӣʮȫ˷
Ҳڴڼ䣬Ϸƽһ޴ɽ壬ֱ棬һտƽأҲǹʮ˵ѵ֮أʮХ˵Ľ̵£ʼϰǬ
ڴ֮ǰͰɺ˾ط󣬲Ըڵĺ֮ĲңҲԸʶ̽
ֻҪɽϵǿ߹̽ǸֲǬġ
һΪ˶Ŀֹ¶·Ҳõʮ˵ѵΧȫƻ
ڵҪ񣬾ȡͻɽǿߣһɽǿǵʵһأ
ݶ԰ɷԸ
û⡣
ɵͷ
Ѿ߳ˣҲ٣ڣʮɣа󷨴ʦѾǰȫˣֻҪɽ㳲Ա
ȵʮɰѾǬϰõĻôţȥɽӲƴӲ
ɶﵽɽǿ߾ˣϴɲȻûģԼô죬Ҫ㹻ͳ
ͳ֣Ǿ㹻ʵµʵ컹Ҫǿôڣ
ﰵ룺ֵܣıһȣ˭ͻưɡ
ݵ־
źһУ׼صȾɽ·ϣݲϵ˼ţڳɽǿ߾⡣
ȻѾ׼ȫɽǿ߾ˣ϶ҪΪ֮ж
ݿյǣɽǿ߾磬Ҫͳˣɵɽ磬ֻССһвȴǵ
ɽǿ߾磬ﵽڻͨڻģĵؼķ֮磬˻ϲõ֮ݽߵˡ
Ϊÿĵ֮ʱؼķ֮Զ֮ɽǿĵ֮в䡣
ɽǿߣɽ磬һǿߣ
ڵӿڴӿ˰ȻĶ־


474 Ͽ
ټһɽ磬֮ڣԴﵽɽǿ߾ģҶѣҪΪɽǿߣǶôļѣ
ɽǿߣҲܱһǿߣҲ޷ɽ֮һ֮
ǰһζĿô֪²ܹͻƣﵽɽ磡
ͻɽǿߵĹؼǾǷڻͨڻģ
˼ͻȻڰͣסˣԺϵţڻͨڻģ˵ףҪƷǳļѣôɲԣһݾߣ
鸡ڰУڵ¶˼Խӽ֮ԴԽӽ鱾ԴͻԵɣͺñл飬ô°빦ҲɾǿߣҪڻ籦Ϊ֮ԭ򣬿ԼӿǺεȵջҪӿٶȣѵҪȥһ飿
ǸӲܣ飬̸ףôûеİ취أ
ˣȻŷ֮Դİ壬ȴʵȴѡһ֮֮ŨĵطȥչأͻƵļҲʹˣ
һˮ֮ģںȥˮ֮İ塣
֮ģȥɽۣ֮ôԼβȥһ֮Ũĵطأ
ݵԺֳˮصͼʼɿ𣬹ںС硯ĵط
ǣ֮ͨһɽϽ
ˮصĵͼϢϣɿĸֳһϢ
ԣС
ֱӰ˵
ǹȣ޷ǣÿҹ
ķǵĸС򡭡

һϢɸѡͻȻһϢݵԺһһ
ϿȣɣֱͨϿڷŰХϢʱŭʱĺʱҵʱ룬Ƥιǣ˺ꡭȴŨȻԽϿȶԽӽ֮ԴΪ֮ϲϿڣչǧΪ֮ˣϿȷ֮Уͻơ
һγĽܣͨҵˣҵطˣϿȣȻǷ֮ߵıأԼϿһ⣬ܲͻƣɽ
ݵǰϿȣͻƣ
ϿȣˮصȾɽϿȣҪˮء
ȴû˿˱ܡ
ˮ޽ΪٶȣҪ̤ˮصľ룬Ҫҹҵʱ䣡
죬˵˵̡̲
ݸɴȾɽûлȥֱӸݵͼϢѡһ·ߣϿȸȥ
󡭡
ڵĿĵء
͵׶ܼٲǧ֮к£ͬһӵư磬¡
ݵǰ߸¡Ĵأ·Ŀ޸һ޴Ĺ֣ڰգǣɽᰣȴֱӲƶˡ
֮ƣư磬ֱͨȻ鴫
ңңȥ类޸м䣬ۿɼĿںХŰֲķ飬Ͽȼ𵴣죬ͬŭĺХ
Խˣ֮ңߴȻַҪ˺ѿռ䣬ռŤǳȥ²˺ѣҲҪŤĿռ
ϿȣԲ棬ſԸܵϿȵİܸܵϿ̺Ŀֲ
ֻоϿһبŵһɲɣϵȻϢ˿˿ƣ
Ͽȣ֮ʱȻγɵģ̺ķ֮壬һȾϣԲŻƣ
ݵһɾηȻ
ϿȣԽȥҪٵѹԽ󣬿̺ķ֮ҲԽ࣬Խ£ҲܼҴϿ·ʼ̽ҵʺԼĵط
ţһϿȵ·ȥ
Ͽ棬ⰻȻڿŰ£ĴΪǿ
ϿԽߴԽǹͺͺĿ磬˵ǲľˣ㡣
ףöˣ
ݷ֣ϿȵߣĶߣֱӳۣڿŰУŷ֮İ塣
·ˣмǧˣңɼµʿ
ݿŰУڷбĿǣ뵽
ֵܣҲǸ֮ģ
ˣҲݣɶ¶˺ƵЦݶ˵㲻Ҫ£Ͽȵģ֮ˣǷ֮ˣһˣǾ԰ȫģ˭ﶯ֣ԭǳңϿȣֻһأǾǺƽ


475 ѰҼ
ģҪģģԣ˭ҲϲţλֵܣֻҪУвȥǣȻģЩˣҲµģǶҪƽҶԷȥȥ׷Ѱǻͻ
Ͽȵǣ˵
֪ˣлλǰĵѣʹһֻΪ׷Ѱǻͻ
ԣЦŵͷ
ԭϿȣֹأƽĿԺƽأ˭ƶģ˹˭ִУвеͨ
ţȴûб
ٺ٣СֵܣһɻΪʲôɣǶǹˣҾΪͽͰɡ
һ˺֪ݵɻЦŻصʵذɾƶģɾ˲ϣϿ֮£Էߣɱ⡯ңִߣϿȵˣ
ָָϿȵ棬˵
ԭˣҶˡ
ԣ¶Щ졣
˼һᣬ̧ͷϿȵĸߴ棬ѾЩȻϿȵ棬һɾǿϿȸ֮ȴ뱻˴ţضƶһǣҲǳģҶϣʱţĵдҶǳӵ
һγһѭЧӦÿһˣǶᱻƽĹأˣϿȣһֺƽרķΧУ˵ǸɾǿߵĹͣǴɾǿػ˳ִС
ݰһжͨ͸
֪ˣǾͲˣԼҸʵĵطɡ
˵˼䣬ٴС
ݲò̾ΧŨʵŨգſרĵԼΣûа
뵽ʼȻķųʶϿȷ̲صķ֮
ķ̫֮ˣһ㡣
ٸһ㡣
ǲС

ģϿϷȥѰʺĵط
֪ѾȥңǣȻϷȥ
ιιǿôԽԽȥ
ʱһע⵽ݵǿߣݽȥɵĶ˵
ҪˣϿȻ̺ŷ֮Խ棬ƻԽǿҪȥңǾɽǿ߲Ÿˣ
ѽˣĸģҪһ죬Ǹܵģ
ǶǷ֮ˣһɡ
·۷׷ס
ιλѣҪȥˣķ֮ԽԽǿ󣬾ɵǣҲסģȥɣɽǿߵˣɿģ
һ˺ĵĶݴ󺰵
֪ˣллǣ
ʱХȴܲ׽ǵ֪ǶǺѣЦŻش
ݱκζ֪Լûгǿ֪Լʲô
ˣѾˣɡ
˿һУȻϷȥ̾Ϣ
Ÿ߶ȵҲоҪٵѹԽ

ȫۣ紵ͬһУͬʱſ·ҪѿҪ˺ѿ
ǿҵľֱӹݵ۾ǿףһϢĸо
ݴʱҲо棬ֻ֪Լ޾ŰĿΧȫ˷
ѾҪ֮赲飬ڡ
磬ԽԽֲˣٴʮң˵ɽǿֻ߲вʮˣ
Уҡ
ݸŷ֮Ϳ̺ķջǲҡҡͷ
һҧٴγϷθ߶ȥ
ҪȥͿ쵽ɽǿߵˣ
˿ݵĶһ󾪺
϶ᱻ˺ɷ飡
ԣ㿴ӣûеޣȥѷסңȥ
ûдǣֻɾ磬ôȥô࣬Ҳɾ磬ȥֻбķݣ
˷׷׾̾ǿʼоɼһЩѰˡ
ɽʱӲ׹ȻĪĺôҵǣͬȼˣҪǿ˼֣ټǿȣ֮ۺȣԼԶԶɵĵֿҪǿ󣡡
棬˼ţԼļ޻ûеҪͻɽ磬ҪԼޣҪӽɽŸͻɽ
ޣҪҵҵļޣ
ٴγϷ


476 ֮
ɣ
ʮɣ
ʮɣ

ʮɣ
ֱٴͦʮɵľ룬ʱ΢΢ķ飬񱩲һֻо
綼ضڷŰвڱ鼷ѹ
ǡ
ǿ֮·ӵžȫļڿ¾ҵĲ˿۷ķ죡
ֲֲķ飡ֲ˺֮
졭š
·ˣѾĿɿڴ˵⣬ôܣôԼֵ
ֻҪڰθ߰ɣɽǿߵᣬҪɽɣ
ֱǸ
ݲ֪ΪѾ·ǣȫסˡ
ݣȻ㣬㣬ﲻҵļޣǣ
ˢ
ﱩȣȻ䣬ٴΰθߣ
θɣ

һƺߣоԼѾǰˣǰ˺壡
ϿȣԽߴֻССһɣǿֲķ֮Ҳֲĵز
ǰһ磬¶Գܵס
֪ļޣ
ȻֻҪɣֻҪɾͿ̤ɽǿߣܹɽǿߵ򣬺ʣ̺ķ֮֮棬ҪµĶࡣ
ǣȴֹ֪ˣ֪ȥѾǲˣ
˵ӽɽǿĵطǿԸɹҾԿԳΪɽǿߣ
к죺Ǿͣʼɣ
ԭԼȫΧ֮ȻһգʱݵȻһȫ죡

ſ죬絹ʹʹĻᶼûУ
ɽǿߣѷ֮ڻͨô÷ҰΧɣҲԶǿͶȣһã
ݰԼҪѿֵס֮ѹסȻۣűһԼУȥѰǷеİ塣
޵أ飬еĶȥ롭
Լأϵʹ񣬶С
磬Ƿ飬ĺХĹ켣һС
ʱš
ݸоϿУѾ˷УÿһκХÿһŰĳְ壬ĳĳ֮ķ
һ˿˿򣬲ϵĸݵͷֻаĶĺܹĸ̺ܵķͨ
ÿһϯͬ

ءءء
ݸоĺХԼʼغһݷоһִ飬Ҳһ
磬飬л꣬ŭʱǺХʱᣬʧʱɪ
ɽǿصһʱֱӴɾǿߵķ֮һ˿УϿȣǰɾǿߵİС
ݸоԼԷ鷨ĸԽԽӦ֣ˮ
ԽԽĸ򣬸ֳݵǶԷ֮ģ򣬿ʼĿ·һ貵⣬Է֮
ģķ֮򣬿ʼĳݵͷ
ʱڹȥڼɽǵĤԽԽģ
ע۲Ļᷢ֡ݵΧԭĿ翪ʼ
Ͽķ飬񱩵ϯǵǹεʱǿ񱩵ȥƻգۼᣬͷ·ԭǷŭųģڣȴѾ˻ӭѺá

͵ķ磬˵֣ݵϣһ˿˿ľ·͵ķУ߳
ݸо壬һֻ֣˵ʱҲ磬˵ߣڸ質
ᡭöݸܵݸܵݸܵڡ
磬Σȴ飡
ͷ·һ㣬ݸоԼľһӻȻ
֮ڻͨϣܵĴڣܵ꣬γһεĹͨӶƷ飬ٿط֮򣡡
ľڷɿҪϣҪԼģȥл飬÷飬ΪԼѣΪԼĻ飬Լٿأ
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483 ֮
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ɽǿߣѾѷڻͨôҪ˭ķҪǿˣ
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ɫ֮ţɢɣبŵϢԶţؿ١֮ʱѾڡ
ɫ֮ţִ翣·ޣڻ磬Ȼ䣬ǣ֮ţļµģĻ̵Ϣ
֮һض磬ΨʣͬԶźĵľޣһϢĻ̵ϣ
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ݣɽڣͬķ֮ţΪʲôղһ˲䣬֮ŻôǿΪʲôΪʲô
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˾ˣЩ⣬Լȥɡ
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484 
ΪʲôΪʲô
ɽܰվŽƽϢĿռڶﲻϵ˼ϵĻղŵĳʾ֭Ҳ벻Ϊʲô䣡

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ɽǿߣﵽڻͨԿʼƿط֮սɽҲġ
ȴҪĲٿط飬ܰѷˣҪԼΪƿߣǿвٿط֮ȻȻԷӳӦеƻǣ飬׵硭
Ƕԣɽһֲٿߵ̬ȥūۻ飬Ȼܵ˿ƣȴǱȵģ
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ݿ׾ٰɽܵԭ
ȻɽڣڷĸϣѾѰУǣɽȻڷǻ
ܹ⾳ǴɽұأҴɾǿߵһ˿УҲɽһѷ鵱ūٿأ
һ߷Уһ˼ţڸʱһֱӡ֤һɲǼ䴥ġɾǿ߾һ˿Уһ˲䣬ܵķ飬ͷ飬ֱ˴ˣǷ磬һ֣˭Լ

ӹɽڡ
ݰ˽ȻԼΪɽӵһɽϢˣ˶ˡ
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485 ʯɽ
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486 
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һʮػˣУߵػˣɫۣ۵ؿڣһ٣ĳɽı־ұ߰˸ػˣȴǴŽɫۣǰı־ȴһֻͨ񻢣
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487 Ż
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ݻûпڣڳеˣѹϬĹȥϻ̳ϿֵĶݵɽˣţɽ֮
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488 
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ݴˣƽ̨ȻʯϣþӸµ񣬸·ˣ΢΢޵Цš
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Хݵĺ棬ݺٺֱЦղŵȷˣ㿴ڶûȥͣѵҪ׷㣿
ɽ磬ǿʳĲݣվȣ޷㣡
һЦǾ䣬ȴ˵ˣͣŷңҲ׷ңڵȴȴǵɽ֮Ҳڵɽ֮ĵܲʯɽ㣬Ҫˣ
˵˵ţ⡣
˱ôһѣҲˣȰ֣ȴǵɽˣɽɽ۷ǿߣɽʵ˵һδ籩ܲⳡ籩ͦȥҪǵˣ
ݵϣȴţһоᢣ
֮£ݸɴʯϣĿ񣬰ɺɽǣҲڰеԼ״̬Ƕ֪úһ籩
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ʯɽ⣬ƺƵʮˣյĳʯɽ

δЦͬӴƺƵĴɽ⴫ÿһ˵Ķ
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ԭ΢յӣȻ𿪣ڵͫ΢΢һԶ
Ϊһˣ߾ɣΡ룬ɫۣͬŭĿգɢ»ҫ۵ƣ
ջɽջɽ֮ɽ۷ǿߣ
ȷǸǿߣ
ﾯϲ䣬ž޲
ԭʯɽǧЦջɽϲɫ׷׹Ĺݣɽˣ
ǧ˷׷׻صʮĴС
ʣǧ˵ɫȴЩѿżĳԶ
˵ʯɽɽ֮ѵλѣȻӢ۳꣬
ջɽʯɽһ˲䣬Ϳƽ̨֮ϣʯϣݣʶЦĹʮˣ
ջɽЦһĨ֪ļһɽڣ͸ҺԼ̣˲𣬲һɫ㻹֪ˣ
ջɽһ۾Ͱǵʵɽڣһ۷壬ģɼĲ
ʵҲʯɽɱԼɽˣֱ
ջɽЦȴһĨŨҵɱ
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˿ӣ£ÿһ֣ǧ֮Ѹջɽмӵķѹ֮У
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˵꣬Ҳ˶ӡ
ջٶȣ
һЦȴĴÿ˵Ķ
һƳ˹ȥӳǣһݣ۾ӥӣɫ۵ߣݵĸоͺسһ٣ŰȻ
ľ֮ɽ۷壬ˣ
һɫĿǰͷ²ĲĻɽǿߣʯɽϰ
ľһҲѵҲհɽ֮ݵģ
ջɽԣȻźЦֻУȴЩζ
ջɽľɽѾô꣬ƽʱĶǲңɽڴʯɽ⣬ʮʤռһ룬ڣȻɵöԷ֮
ŶѵջҲհɽ֮ݵģ
ľЦʵҲǵʵмһˣʵҲȾָʯɽ
ľɽ֪Լһţ¸ջͶˣҲԼ
һȫˣʱҪǺÿ
Цǹţû˿ݡ


489 
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Хʮˣǿݣɵʿˮγ亹
ʮˣÿˣʵҪǿҲѹǻᶯݡ
ɽͰɣɫ˱䣬ɽ۷壬лɽڣǰɣɣʮɣʵɽڣɺ۷壬ˡ
Ψݣɫ䣬˼ŸӦԵս
ɽǿߣҲֻЦ滢ݸһԡ
ˣǲ˵ˣڣѡ񣬵һʯɽڶ
˳𾢵ʱݵĻÿһˣʱѡ񣡡
㵭ȻģջɽľɽʮˣȫˣɡɽǣҲˡ
⻰þˣƵ˼ʮǣȴ˵治֮

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ľ˼ҸǷѽ˵ǹ˵ǹ
ջɽһ£ͻȻЦ
ʮˣҲ·˺ЦЦȻЦ
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ӵˣҰΪĬΪǵڶˣ
ݶȻվɫɭȻޱȣôǾȥɣ
ʮˣ

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Сޣֱǲʮ˸ɣҲҪɽ۷ΪͲ㣬̫ˣ
ջɽʶЦȻ˺ƤҲ˼ʲôˣ޾

ľɽֻ֣һĿʮ˸ɣŰΧסɫԳɭȻɱ
ɺɽѻʯѰ·
ɽǿߣҲ԰ģɾˣΧסǣʮ㡣
ǣЩţܲܵȵ˵ɣ
ݺռ
ɽһ۵٣ǵĿ꣬ʮˣеұԱԣ˭ɱ˶࣡
˵գֱӷϣıѾ۳֮ţ
кβң
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ǣֻɻˣǵʵȷ˺ܴá
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ʮˣϳĸǬǬһһһ󣬰Ѹջɽľɽڴ
ڴһ˲䣬ɽǿߣ׷ױɫˡ
һ˲еǳã޹⣬תƼ䣬ѾһƬΧʧȥ˶ϵ
ϴϴ󣡡
ɽ۷ǿߣǣǬѾУȻѾ֪ҲΪ
ǬԳһ磬һУ棬֮򲻵
ɽǿߵǿɱС֮ţھǬ棬ȫȥãټΪ˱Ǭסһɽ۷ǿߡ
һҪƽϢһֹֽȥʹ󣬸û˿ļ϶û˿
ŸǿɵľǬȫԺɽǿ߿⣡
ջɽֻеԼ·̶УԽԽԽԽ֮ţ޷ʩչֻҪۺ֧֮ţ
ľɽҲòȥղŵĲмղŵĳѾʧޱȵأӿ
ɽǿߣ˵ѾھǬ棬п
ǹĻᣬȴգƫƫҪԼѰôͳȫǣʱ򣬸ջɽľɽҲʯɽ֮һ
ЦħŲһ


490 ѪȾ
ڸղţʵݻЩĵģϾ˭Ҳ֪ʮɣɵľǬ󣬵׿Էӳǿʵ
ڣݿʮɰɽ۷壬ɽڵǿסʱݷ
ԤϵĹȻûдǬ󣬾һ飬Ϸӳɣһɽǿߣ
һ飬˵ɽǿߣɽǿߣԺɽа壬ݲģʯɽ
Ͼûмְյ飬Ǵġ
ߣݺɽѾɱ¾£
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֮Ѫըѣ
һᣬˣǧ֮ڣɽҲ˿ʾķ֮ʩչݱʮУѪȷ磡
Ȼ˵Ҫһ㣬ϵľʯ׷׷˳ȥһżʮˣȵջش⼸ʮˣѾڵϣĹȣ״̬
ݡ١ͬͬ뻢Ⱥһɵֵ
ҿ̫ǿˣ̫׳ˣ
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ǣʦ֣ʹˮҲȥ񫣡
ХͲס˸Ҳʮ˷ܵĳȥԾǬƣȻսڣרɾ磬ɾˣɱ¾
ѩǲǵǻڵıѩϣ
ҲʼįѩͰȥרɾС֡
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ϹٷĿƽ̨ϣֻʣ¹Լһҧһᣬ˴սУ

ʱɱ¾й÷ɿ죬죬ʯɽŲİѪʯɽϿգӿȵĸ֮н֯ײʣѤµ̻
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ľ޴ǽͬһ㣬ޱ񱩵ƣĿȻǰʮˡ
磬ǣ
ʱȫ鹵ͨ޾Ŀƽէڻ֮ǽȥͬʱȻ׷˹ȥ

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ˣһ֮ʮˣ˼ʮɣ𵴣Ѫӿ
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ټɽߵĳУݵƣԵϺ嫣
ǣѵҪȥǺúÿǵɽˣǾңƺѾ֧Ųסˣɽ۷壬𣬶ΪЩˣֿԷ˴𣿣
ݵ纮˵ͷ
˳ָȻջɽľɽɽΧ֮£Ѿڽڰˣȫޣ
ǽһֶʿĴ˿Լɽ˶ѹŴѾһ룬ټϸղչֲֳʵǵѾ⣡


491 
ɽǿߣҲҪ
ɱȻαֱӳһǬסɽǿߺȥ
ݿӽɽǿߵһ˲䣬ϬɢɽǿֻеסԼĻͻȻɢʱеѹټǣУһأ嫶ɫ֮ţͫԽԽռеߣ
䣡
ɽڵǿߣû˿ԥıҷɳȥͬߵķݣܸͬ㵹ɳȥؿѾһѪѪһʺ꣡
ݵƲˣ֮һģһĻȣͺؼķ飬գѾ׷ȥ
ķ֮ţٴԺɨһУѹȥ
䡭
ɽǿߣ߰˴η֮ŵѹûзģɱ꣬ȫѹޣع磡
ɱɽǿߣݵһλɱɽڵǿߣ
޵֮ƣɨѹ
ȻУоǬĹͣչֳʵȻڳ˸סˣʮ˴ɽסˡ
ңܲôɴϵĻɱǸɽڣ
ɽϵİԼݽжԱȣԼɷϣóĴǣܣ
սһξ޴ԽǾɽǿߵ䡣
ݻɱһɽû˿ͣ٣ֱӱڶɽǿߡ
䡭
һɽǿ߸ոһͬʱݵķ֮ţѾκٴϢĻᣬֱƥƣֱӰɽǿѹƣ
һһ
ݱķ֮ţͬľ޴ͬٵص񸫣ֱһһ籩꣬Ȼ£ɽǿߣھʮϢʱ䣬ɽĽŲҲΪޣ
٣ʣɽڣԱԣ˭ɱ
ݻɱɽںתͷһߵɽͬʱԸԭסɽڵʮ˸ˣʮ˶ţ˶ڶԸɽ۷ǿߣʮˣ룬ԣݾԽɳǬһһʧˡ
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Ҫǣݸᣬɳȥͬʱʮ˸ѾٴԾǬסջɽ
һΣջɽ޾Ļס
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ݵ㲻ǣʤΪΪܣⲻǱԣ¹ƻܲеҪս
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䣡
ٴγʮɢ֮źڸջɽϣٴΣʮְΧס
˺ñսȴǳЧջɽΪɽ۷ǿߣȴûзֻһ浹İ
Ȼ˵˲˲𣬿ǣҲǾԵģ
ݺʮ˵ÿһȻԸջɽǵÿһĥջɽ֮
һһ㣬ٳɶֻ࣬Ҫȥջɽ꣬һıĥ
һ־սԭɽǿ߶ս˭ܱ֤˭Իɱ˭ɽǿߣҲұ֤Իɱɽڡ
Ϊ˲ֻлһƬԻȥԱԲУֻҪ˰һ˿Ƭѳȥˡ
ǣջɽȴѵĻûУǬ󣬶Ǭֱһ޼϶Ļռ䣬Ǹջɽ棬Ŵһ
ջɽֻĸԼԽԽֻĿԼһӽ
ʱţɽǿߣ쵽˼ޣ
ͻȻջɽ쳤ХХУŻں벻ʣ


492 
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գջɽѡƣɽǿߵ꣬ԱҲϣԳõһ˿
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ݸֱӿƷγһյشѸջɽ鿪ĩƬȫѹޡ
ջɽ䣡
ûãɽǱߣ죬ľɽ꣬ճ
ɽڣˣ
ɽһǿߣųƲ𣬰ѷڻͨɽǿߣһӣĸ
ⲻò˵һ֮٣ҪɱĸɽһɾǿߣδõǣȴʮˣɽӲһ㡣
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ʮųӣݵĺ棬ɽͰǣҲȫݵıΪհ
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ݾӸ£õĮĲٵĮ˵
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ĬþõĳĬ
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мӽ޵еɽˣ֮£ˣûɽһ˿ĺۼԶĹΪޣʧɽ磡
𺳣ѹ֣ţ־壡
罣ǿͬؼľˣضȻʧȥɫǳû˹ʣΨһͬ񽣣Цˣǵߣǵ飡
һˣϣΥ棡
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սȻãԱѪеĽսá
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һɱĸɽȻ˵İ˵УȴѾʥַΥϣ
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˶Լֳ˵ХǣɽͰǣеУһֺӿͷ֮ϵĸоȷ
ݣҲǳ⡣
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УһС
ܺãǵɽˣѾˣҪģԼǰʲôȻʲôңǵıֺõĻҿ԰ǵĴߣҪȥģҲڣҪȥģȥˣ
ݸ·ǣ˵
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Уľɽˣֳ֮ˣȥľɽջɽĵӣҲֳ֮صջɽƹܺɽ죬һᰲˣǰȥǣͬʱһ䣬ʣµˣͳͳʯɽ
ݺܿͰһ׷ȥ
ԱͰŵ飬ݽ˰ѩȻŮΪϲǿ󣬲ڹ·棬ȴһס
º󣬰ɺݺʯɽΧһΧʯȻƣα󣬿ɵ֮ɹأûɾǿΪҪӲֱ쿪ҲΪʯɽ˵һ
ҲɽȥջɽɽȻݲĹǶԵȴǳԲѣǿݱԣͻơ
ݸÿ꣬һսĻᣬӮˣȥˣ¡
ȻɽжľɽȴҪȵɳΪɽðȥѾɺ۷壬²һ꣬Ϳͻˡ
ʯɽʮΪҪ
սֱۣɱɽ֮٣ǼˮصǶ֪ݡ֣


493 Ī֮
ɽڣʮĸɣһɽڣӲɱɽ۷壬ɽڣ׳٣νǾ춯ء
ˮ˵̸ŵģǹݵ¼
˵ʿ˵ıŵӣ˵ǵŹʹߣ֮ɣеĴţݿħҲɢޣǰͶʯɽǡȱʿҲ֮š
Щ״һжݵ֮УȻסС֮ĸɽҪ𣬻ж˸Ҷݵʯɽ⣿
ӽʯɽľɽջɽɽΪһ壬ʽΪɽ
ݣһ仰
ˮصļ˶֪һճΪɽǿߵģݵˣɹ㶨ʯɽĻˮһٰɽȫΪУʽ飡
ȵе˶׵׼ȥһĪЩȲģҪĪУڵĳɾͣҪǿ԰ģ
ʵһУʯɽɽ˶꣬Ϊߵʵ࣬˭Ҳܸ㶨˭һӶʮɣӵǿʵôʲôˮھԵ£Ǹƣ
У˼ţҪģԼʵȥĪһˣҪȫˣ֮ûڻͨңҪǣҵɱﵣսǱܣҲбҪȥ̽ˣһҪսǱܣΪͨʱⱾͨҵһ
ֻеԼʱ䲻㣬ڶʱ㹻ΪֻŬİÿһÿһ룬ȥĿ꣬Ŀ
ڵٶȣֻһңϷĪǸܻأϷƫƧȺɽС
˾磬ĿѾСƣݳܻصķλȥ
ͬʱһ߸ӦΧΧûʲô쳣֪ĪǸغҪҪԱܣ͸¶ˣǾζŻᱻнɱصĽǸ
ţЩˣ
ţͻȻʶӦԶһʮˣͬǳĪܻصķڵķȥ
ңݷ֣һʮУȫ֮ģʮˣһɾǿߣʮɽǿߣһȴɺΪ
ǣɽǿߺɾǿ߸ݴ𺳣û˸ݴĳҪǿ
Ϊݷ֣ԼļˣɺΪˣˣǷ֮ɲͨˡ
ǣ֮ɲˣôʮһ֮ǿߣǰܻأ
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ݵͻȻһĨȻڼ飬ѵ֮ɲڼ飬ڣҪȥ˵֮ɲô˵ĪǣΣˣɾǿߣʮɽǿߣȻ࣬ȴȫǿߣ˵һ֮ɲǼֱ̫ˣ֮ɲڣĪкɽ⣬ȫΪĴڣֵסʮһǿߵļ̤
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ͻȻʮУΪ׵ǸɾǿߣȻͣݵǸһۣݵӰѾʧǵߡ
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ղиˣǲԶɹǸɽǿߣǷ֮Եģ
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ģ֮ɲֻɽǸԳĴ󻤷֮һɾɽǿߣҽʱǶڱչӦòģ
ʱǸ˵
ɲûпݣҪȻ϶ϳ
ɺ·ģǲҪ˵ˣֻһɽڶѣ·Ǽӿ첽
ɾǿߣ˿˵
ɽڣڱһǿߣȴ΢
ǿһ
ЩǣҲܱǰ¶ҪȻǸɾǿ߷ӦԼҲҪꡣ
ԣæûùĽ֮־ԼΪȫȥͬʱΪԷһصعһȦһ֮࣬ɲȥ
ķ֮ɿĴݵķ飬˲Ϣٷӣ
ˢˢˢ
ӣѾ֮ɲΧȻ֪ôᣬҲ˲ôˣû˿ԥȻ˽ȥ
ã֣㷢
֮ɲ棬ڼӵ˷ݵĴ룬æ˾
ء
Х֮ɲ


494 һ
Ǹˣǿһ˷֮ɲһǷǣ
Ǹɾǿߣɫ΢΢һ䣬ڳ֮ɲһ˲䣬ͱʶӦˡ
һǷǣҪȥǣ
һɽǿѿڶ
޷ҳʰΧ״Χס֮ɲҪЩѾһߵ
ɾǿǸˣɽڣȥ֪ͨǣѾѾˣ
ɾǿŵ˵ɽڣûиٵѹ
˵գһȣֻգۣѾ֮ɲ
е֣е֣ϣ
ʱ֮ɲݳʱХľѾ಻еķ֮ɲˣԼĶɿĳĪкɽҲ׷״ӱչг˶һ֮ɫ
侲ҵߵλã
Ī侲쳣
ǣĪдˣ
һˮ쾵ĸˮ֣֮λõľ޴ˮĸˮƶֻһ飬ˮ쾵ˮкܶ飬Ѳӷ֮ɲ
ĪдˣǳϤǷ֮ɲѾǸɽˣסĪдˣˣǡ
˵˵ţͻȻȵͣ
ʲô
Ī΢΢ü׷ʵ
ˣϴͬһѣ
գ˵
ʲôݣ
Īɫ΢΢һ䣬ӹˮһȻһƽɽ⣬һӰӡȴǴַ
Ȼݣʲô
Īһ۾Ϳݣæ˷ԸҲҪаҪ֣
ʱѾƿ˴
ಣ
ɱ⣬Уݷ
ҲҪ֣ܣˣ
磬Ȼⰵػ˵Ϯȫ֮һ޷϶ĻΧһͰϮĹ𵴻ȥͬʱѡһ򣬳صȥ
ݴʱٶȼ죬쵽ʮڰػˣûзӦ
ݣ㡭
Īпŷɿ֮ɲݣҪѯʣȴݴϡ
ĪУڲ˵ʱ򣬿ܣʱ򣬷Ǿɲڼ飬ɾǿߣѾɱˣ
ݲĪ˵ĻᣬֱӼе˵
㿪ʲôЦ֮ɲôڡ
һˣҲ룬Ϳݡ
ǣʱͻȻȵѿڶĪдˣˣǿǡǰ
Щʱеˣˮˮϣһ˺棬ʮһɢǿƵǿߣЦĿ֮ɲһۣɿĳ˽
ãģŷɾ
Īкɽ˲ϳߣʮˣɽǿߣ
ĪкɽĻǧ֮ɲˣɫ䣬ʮɽǿߣ԰ѷ֮ɲ˸׳죬οһǿߣɾǿߣ⡭֮ɲΣڵϦ
Ǹ˵Ȼǣ
˷ŭ
˵ʲôûˣҿܣĪкɽɫѿµҲûʲôӦ԰취Ψһ֣ӣ
ʵ⣬зĻᣡ
¡¡
ʱǸɾǿѾɽ壬ʲô󣬰ɾǿ߸ᣬֱӻĻҳ赭дӿȵ֮һӿĿ磬ֱӰɽ壬Ϊƽأʮˣգۼҷ¶˷֮ɲĶڣ
ǿߣǿߣھԵ֮£һжֽϻ
ʲô󷨣ʲôڶòһɾǿߣɽеľǿߣκУҪֲ
ӣôӣӲˣ
ˣоһӰסǣ֮ɲڵصһɽ£ɾǿܹõһڼ飬Ȼ֪һ㣬ԣʮɽǿߣϿŰΧǳȥĻᣡ
֮֮ɲˣ˿
ѵҪˣ
Īе¶һЩɽЩ֪̫ǿиûи׼Ļᡣ
ݵĵǿôᱻֲɼʹˣҲùе˶Щ㶣һƬհס
Ǹ˰Ϳ־⣬ûģκε뷨
ĪУǻ壬尡
ݿϵľָܵȵԽԽĿֲϢɵĴĪк
壿㡭
Īеһݡ


495 ʱ
ҲҪ
ʱѾûжʱˣҲûʱͣһֱӷųʶݰеˣڣ˲䣬ڳǧˣ
壬ݼ˲ĶǱȷҪǿĶ࣬Ķ൱һռ䣬һ磡
ĪУҲȥ
ݶĪе
ݣаգ
ĪҲˣͻˣΪɽǿߣǣԷʮɽǿߣһɾǿߡ
µûаգҪһѣ˵ҿɲȥ潻սĪУңʱ䲻ˣ죡
ݴߴٵ
䣡
ʱ֮ɲĶˣͻȻһɿֲ֮£ըѿ
ɳʯʯıţǧɡ
ᣡ
Ͽգʯ£ͻȻεض𣬱һ˫֮Ȼһģµľʯͳľ֮ģȫߡ
ಣ
˲䣬ݷϸ߿գΧܵɽǿߣɾǿߣ֮ɫ׷һ䡣
·ûһˣ֮ɲôܾһˣ
ɾǿߵʶǵصĳ·ֹȥŭǣ·ûһϢ
һҲûУ
ôûһˣ
ɾǿɫǸɽǿߵȥǷ׳죬ҲҪѷ֮ɲȺѾɾҳ
ɾˣ
ʮɽǿߣԹɫ֪ڹŷɾѾŭģΥæ£Ҫѷ֮ɲεߡ
ףҲ
ݷ֣ԭΧԼʮɽǿߣȻԼܣѾյķ֮ɲ·ȥﲻһϲɿѡһԶݶȥ
Ҫܣһɾ飬ܵ𣿣
ŷɾΧХŰͷ·ŷɾʱģɱȻߣ
ˢ
˲оһŨҵɱסԼǸԼˣʣǸŷɾ
Сޣɽڸһɾĺ£ҷ֮ɲĲѾɾһ
صĿ𵴣ƵһûݵĶĤӿ
֮ɲʲô֮ɲʲô֪ļһˮһһУ
Թŷɾɾǿߣû˿ľ⣬ֻţѵѷ
һ߷ֳؼķ鹵ͨӶؼķ֮򣬻ԼеһߣˮĻӣҪסŷɾ
ףû뵽㾹Ȼ֪ˣǣˮѹңûõģֻҪɱ㣬˭ֻ֪һ˭ɵģ
ŷɾſЦͻȻ飬طУһ룬Ѿݵǧ֮
ֻҪϢͿ׷ݡ
ɽڵСޣɾǿ߾磬ģҪѣΰɣ
ŷɾͬè׽Ϸʡ
ɾǿߣѾõ˷֮ϿɣĲٿؼķ飬ҲԼΪķ飡
ɽǿߣ˵ǷѣİǣɾǿߣȴõϿɣΪһ֣Ĳٿط֮
ɾǿߣǾǿߣ
ݣ
ɾǿߣԼΪؼ飬طмµƶ
ץҰɣ
֪࣬ȴңңԼɽǿߣԷ֮ĸٶϣķ顣
һϢһϢ
ˢ
ٴκ͹ŷɾ롣
ңȻң
ŷɾݵĶ¶ŨŨĲ죬Ȼң㹻ʶ
ݣ㱩¶ңˣ
ĪЩܻǻˣܹӹȥԺ鷳
ɣôأ
ĪеĻһ
ʩչһңȻпô鷳
Щɻ󣬲룬ңңľĪеĿұ죬Ī֮ǰĴ󻤷֮һҲǰĸ߲㡣
ˮھˣڽɱŷɾΪĸ߲㣬һϵĪеľԼĪеľҲ˵Ĵ󻤷йϵһϹϵǿ϶Լݡ
뵽ԪӤҲȻô࣬˵
뵽⣬ҧأԭͿ쵽µٶȣٴα
Ȼңһܵץס
ŷɾһΣаиٶȣһ˲䱩ڡݡ֮£һ˲䣬ٰݵľ룬Сǧҡ


496 ӣ
ƴȫҧأңʩչļ£˵ľ룬ʱԶʱ˶þȫһٶȵ
ǣݱϣɾǿ߾磬ڷ֮ĸ֮£ʩչݺ󣬾ңķҲǱȲϵġ
ߵľ룬ڽ
ǧɣɣٵɡ
Ҫܣ
ŷɾһâ΢΢һ䣬ٶȱ֤ؼ䣬֮۳һֻڸصľƣץȥ
ŷɾҪݣ
ô죬ô죿
ӿľƣƣͬһָɽҪѹסԼһƱãȥûɫʡ
Ҫץң
ݱȣ֮źңӭ˹ȥ
¡¡
ɾǿߵʵǶôĿֲǷݵĹ£ֻһ£ͣһͼѹȥݣȴֱ֮ȥ
ݵ⡣
֮ⷴͬʯ׹Ϊˣݺ;Ƶľ룬ȻסѪӿƣһŤֱӳԶӣǧɾ롣
ţĹŷɾҪ׷ˣʱ򣬲֪ûôˣ
ң񽣣
ŷɾݣȻųң񽣣еĹʱŨ˵˭ңҾȻң⡭֪ˣԻһҸӲܷŹˣһҪץס㣡
ŷɾдȻ˹ȥٴ롣
ʱôܣ
ŷɾǣѾһĨЦֻǧɵķؼȻͣһڸ߿֮ϣһڵ洦ǵĿ꣬ȴǰյݡ
¼йݵѣ
ٶȼ죬ֻоԼΧĿռ䣬ֻƸˣжóٻ
ô죬ô죿
н֣оΣյĽ٣ǱֻסˣΣˣĪеˣȫΣˡ
ôЩŬǰˣ֮ɲô꣬ΪгһգƷΪǵѩޣЩ꣬ĻǣΪ˿԰ĪУǣǱץסĻһж군ˣ
ܾˣԲץסԣ
˫Ŀ죬źһѪҲ׵ļΣչͷٴսǱܡ
أˣڵ˫ޱȵĿնΧʱͿռ䣬̷
ۡ
ʩչսǱܵһ˲䣬ȻһѪ
ǷƽʱʩչսǱܣȻҪģǾûôڣɾǿʩչֻƣٿסռ䣬ʩչսǱܵѶȣӲƴһѪԣ޷ǿмսǱܡ
꣬ڼٵţ
ϢֻάϢһҪѣ
ź˻һӰ˲ֻǧɵľдٿ񱼡
Ϣһռʱ䣬ָݼ˫һڣҡҡ׹æסźùһЩ
սǱܣȻսǱܣԲܵ
ŷɾ𾪵ĿݿҪ뿪ߵıӰɽڵСһԽԽˣͬʱȷˣвѵ뷨
׷ˣ
ŷɾסݣȻ׷ȥ
ô죬˦һʱǲãɾǿߣͿԿŷľ÷׷ңʱѾûȥʩչսǱܣôΨбܣȻˣͲܱ׽סˣ
ʯϵѵİ취
ݣǰ󺣣
ĪҲޱȣǣͻȻȴһֳϲݵ
󺣣
ԣʶĸǰ棬ʮﴦޱ޼ʰ󺣳ݵߣڵɻ֮ɫһţתһĨţӿľϲ
ˣа취ˣĪУ⣡
ݶ˵ֱӳƬ󺣣ʮ˵Ǽգ۵Ĺ
㣬룡
ʱĹŷɾѾžԵƣ׷ˣݵĶʱʱӿһ
ټˣŷɾ飡
ݸܵ׷ľ磬ʶЦͬһֻ㣬Ȼ·

ʱ򣬹ŷɾҲ˲ʲôˣһһǧɵķУֱӳݵı󣬼źƵͻ͵ϡ֮
ۣ
ҪӴĺһ˲䣬͸еһɷ·Ҫ˺ѵĿֱֲĺ󱳣ֱڵѪҺҲ޴ıº


497 ɽ
ҿڹؼʱ̣ϼϹ⣬жɼʹˣɾһСֻеλ֮ңںֱײٴֲסѪ
ǣȴҧأסصƣƴĳȥͬʱݿŽԼϢȫ䣬󺣵뺣ףɿȥ
ˣˣ
֮ϣŷɾܻĿޱƽĴ󺣣ŭͣŭƣŭƣ
Ļȥɣȥɣ
ۿֵѼӣڵķˣŷɾܹŭ״̬µֱӿؼƵķ֮򣬳޾󺣣йŭ⣡
Ҳ·ŭХϯ󺣣ԭƽ󺣣ͻȻƽĺ棬ʼӿˣ󣬾İηֲĿ磬òֱӾǧɣ
ȥɣ
ŷɾŭĿԲɣȫ֮һ
䣡
棬ͻȻըʮǧɵˮ޴౻ըƯںϡ
ݣǸһ﷢ˣף봦ȥ
ʮдһɫˮѹݸûжãŰںХĲȴһļ¡
ɾǿ߷ʵڿֲںܹŰɱ
ɾǿǿҲҵԼô޾ˮȫɣͨɾǿߣԶԶʩչҲǿ󣬲ôǿô죡
һ󣬹ŷɾһŭ𣬴ָƽȴȻûпݵӰŭ죡
Ǹһʵ̫ƻˣȻ˺ף
ݵ̣ŷɾô᲻֪Ҫ׷һ㣬ùŷɾƲѡ
׷İգԷ֮ĸҪҪ߳һ磬ʩչݣԼٶȣоԵơ
ǣһ뺣ףƣȻ޴棬ݣҲҪз飬棬ȫˮοʩչĳ
ںףݿ԰ԼɾĲ࣬޵С
Ҫ޹һȥνرǣǸһﲻңӵңõ֪ԼûаܻԼҲҪù
ŷɾɫһãһҧͨԾ뺣ףֱӳȥҪںףѰҳݵ䣡
ǹεߣҲҪǸһҳ
ŷɾһͷףʶӳȥǣںرǺˮʶǷǳ޴ġ
ɾǿߵʶȫʩչȥȻַԲʮңֳĸоùŷɾоܣ
ףûмǧҲмҪǰȥѰң֪Ҫҵ£ټϢģʱתƣҪںˣǷǳѵģ
˼죬ŷɾҲڵûƢܻĴӺ׳
֪ȥҲǲܵġ
ˮأһ鵽ģ
ŷɾݺݵĵ⺣һۣͺҪѺˮֱӵһ㡣
һݻŷɾĲ鲻Ըȥ
һֱڲϵתƣ֪ŷɾô׵ķԣҲи߰죬ԽԽأڲȥˡ
ɫ࣬͵㣬ҲС࣬ɺ֮ġ
νһء
ΪȻº׵ҲСЩ˳ǧʮ࣬ͬԣʼսޡ
ںףǲߣԣҲС
ĪУǸһڲˣ
ɫ԰ף֮Χĺˮס
֪ˮ̫ˣҵʶϲȥ۲첻
Īεҡҡͷճ˵Ӧò˰ɣҪȻȥȻֱԶݣԽԽˣȻǣҲһʹˡ
Уðգ
ȴҡҡͷЩ죬һֱںεα˴ǰһ޴ģڳӰӳݵͫС
ں䲻ԣ·ǺİģȻеɫǾ̫ԶɽˣҲ
ֻ֪ǰһ޴Ӱӡ
ݼ˵һ˹ȥӰԽԽҲڿǾ޴Ӱӵӡ
Ȼһɽ壡
߿˵Ǻ׵ؿ΢΢¡Ĳˮĺ翴ȥǺ׵һɽ壬ңҪǣȴоؿͻȻɽ壬ȴо˹ļ
ѵдߣ˴ɽ壬ô棬᲻ж죿
˲뵽һ㡣


498 ɽ
ιĪл쵰ûз֣ǰɽ쳣
ǰµİ޴ɽ۲ãŶĪʵ
ף겻ΪɽʶҲˣ㷢ˣ
ĪԣȤĵ
˵ûдҿɽȷ˸ɽ棬һֲɽ뱣סû˿ļ϶û뵽⺣ȻطңȻֱʣֶΣΪ󷨴ʦõģңһϤĸо񡭡Ӵʦģ
Ī˵¶֮ɫ
󷨣Ӵʦ
ԣӿ֮ɫɣӴʦʧôﲼһ󷨣ѵ󷨣Ӵʦйأ
鲻Խ˵
ô˵һж죬һҪȥ
ݵĻĪеȻ͸¶ЩĽ
ǣ󷨣ֻܿһЩȴ˽⣬óĻ¡
ݴɽôãҲֻ֪ɽ屻ôʹɽ壬󣬿Թͨ׵ĺˮз͹
󣬼ǿĴˣΪ죬ﵽ۷켫ſƳ
ΪҲֻпĻα󣬶ǰȴǿи컷õ
ǿһ۾ˣټˣݶƳɽĴ󣬽ɽڲû˿İա
ԣ
ĺһէ֣ĪΰƽݵߣĪдʱΪɽ۷壬ֻһʹﵽɾ硣
һѪɫϳ𣬰ݺĪУΧĺˮ
аգ
ݿĪĹ۲⺣ɽ壬ʶʵ
ҲûкܴİգǰȻӴʦֹ̽󷨣ʱң󷨲ȤټǰھԵʵ£ʲôﶼܴԣҾûж̫С
Īдʱɫأһߴ⺣ɽ壬һ˵ɽΧԤϵûдĻӦɽɽΪһ壬ǿй󣬾൱ǿй󺣣Աֶвͨģǣһٰеĺˮȫ
ô죬˵ûа취ˣ
ĪеĻզ಻ѣķֶ̫Ҳֲ˰ɣǿаԼҪܵĹתƵַɾ۷ˣҪǿƳҲܡ
һ󺣣޾󺣣Ҫ󺣸Ǻεȵͨ
Ҳûа취ںܾǰɽֻһ˼ֹ̽İ뷨ʱȻûкϸеİ壬һǶһЩġ
Īл˵㲻ҪҪ侲ķһ󡣡
ĬĬĵͷĪеԱߣٳ
ĪоȻʶӴʦһӴʦ̽󷨣
棬Щ죬ֻȻҲԣĪΪĴ󻤷֮һҲɾ۷ǿߣʶͬΪɾǿߵӴʦ֣ңĪǰԼԺļ䣬ҲдӴʦĸѪԣҲûʲôСֵġ
һţҲһ߹۲ɽ󣬿Լܲܿʲô
ΪȻ̫ˣĦãҲֻ֪˶ѡ
ݣ
ʱĪͻȻˣԣæĪе
ҵ֣̫ҲֻǰһǣںȴңҪʧڴڣ϶ᱻˮ֮ѹޣ
Īصĵ
֣Īǰ棬Сĳ̽ȥ
̤
Īкԥ̤ڣʱʧȥĪеӰϻܸоĪеĴڣݿ϶ΪĪƾʧˡ
ÿµĴ󣡡
С̤ȥ
磬һƬǣȴû˿ˮŵģ޾ˮ֮ѹ
ΣԵݵֵ
ɽ󣬰󺣵ˮ֮ѹȫطֻҪһСģɾǿߣҪڣ̺Ŀֲѹѹޣ
Īһţһ߶ݽ͵
Īж̫⣬ıСǰ
һ󣬼ʱ
һ
Īһݣ󲽵ĳǰһ̤


499 ңӣ

ΧıɫͬůѩɢѾŨۿķҲʱʧ
ݺĪУǳһڴһۣ˵Ķͷðϸܵ亹
ղſƽͨգҲֻֻ֪ҪһСģͻԭƽˮ֮򱩶ͬޣȫɵ
߽󣬽ߵģһƽɽɽ棬ַ־Ÿڣ
Źڣ
ĪѪɫ΢΢һҸұ֤ɽ壬ǸһﲼõģŹڣҲֻǸһôӵĶ
Źڣ
ݷ֣ɽ壬׵Ķ
ŹڣһУ־ŸÿȥоŸҪһֱ߳žŰʮһܹͨﵽյĿĵأֻߴһҪʧͨУ֮ͨܣǿƿɽ壬ǣɽȴҲǿ̵ģԣеˣֻҪߴһҪˡ
ĪҡҡͷЩεĵ
ôݣ
ŶһЩëʱҪʹ֮࣬һ˰ˣǱټ˵Ǳ棬ǲļ尾
治֪ӴʦΪʲôôɽ壬ѵʲô춯صı
˵ôľ沼󣬶һͿɽ壬¾Źڣ˵ûвʲô˭š
ĪԣҲһĵӾԲ޲棬һкҪĶпܣʧйأǿȥɡ
˵գĪоҪݽȥ
ĪˣŹôҪߴһǶˣΪ治֪Ķðգֵҿǻȥɡ
ȴĪ
ûаյ飬ҴŹȻǣǰ͸ƽķ
ĪȴһЦ֮ģһ·Źڣÿһа·һֻ··Ҳмѭģ
ŹߣΪ磬Ϊ㣬ߣһ룬Ź̺ľˮԣǶɽ壬ȴˮ֮Ϊ֧ŵģԣŹڣֻҪҵÿŹˮԶڣǾΨһ
ĪеĻȴ󶮣ݴĪеţĪжŹڣȷա
ôǽȥɣ
ݵͷĪе
ҡ
ĪҲ۲Ÿڵķֲɿѡһڣ˽ȥȻĪ˵ںоŸڣǵǰ
Ī侲쳣ѸٵķÿһڣȻûԥģѡһڲ˽ȥ
ŹڣžŰʮһΣܹ˾žŰʮһݶЩĸ꣬Щʱ̤һͨʱ򣬳ǰģͲǾŸˡ
⡭
һտңǣȴһǰһϥ⣡
һ˵ͻȻݵǰһݣǣ㷢֣ǰϥڵϵѾû˿Ϣ
ȥݿ˵ģѮһۣݣ۾ͦıӣ°ͣһСɽӣĻɫؿڣһ̫ͼ
ݰ۾գϲǣݲǲѾȫޣΪǸڱչصʿˣ
ϵܣ
Īȴһɫ֮ɫѹֵ˹ȥӵ΢΢
Ǵ˵е󷨴ʦӣ
Ҳסˣǰȫ޵ˣ𺳵ӴʦûгˣԭҶΪӴʦɽУչޣרĲ󣬿ǣû뵽Ӵʦȴ⺣ڲпֲ;Źڵɽ棬ˣҿӣʱ䣬̣
Ҫɽ֪ˣһ첨ˣ
ӴʦǴ˵еɾ۷ǿߣ˭Ȼɱ
ȴֳһɻ
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ϵܣ˭˭Ĩ꣡
ͻȻĪЦֲɽ죬ң˲ݿԲõĪǱߣǷŭ
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ƵӴʦڲ£ͻȻΪ촷ۣɾǿһ˿֮۰Уһ޴ľ档


500 󷨵ͼ
޴ˮУͻȻֳһӰͷӰͷ񣬾ȻѾȥӴʦ
ݺĪжĿͻ״
ʱ򣬰еˮӴʦӰ˵ˡ
벻ӾȻŲǣ⣬Ⱑ
һص˲ʺͷŭ
仰һصãƽϢӴʦĻȣϲ㣬ͨɽ;ŹڣӵķĹûӵķĹҵ֮أģֻһΪĲ񡣡
ȣ²ݰɣֿܹͨͨŹڣ㲻󷨴ʦǾǿߣһ֣ΪͲɾɣңˮأôͺпˮˡ
ӴʦصϢͻȻӴʦһ̾
ʵҿɽ磬ϣƿ⣬벻ˣˣôˮĵﴦں£Ҳ֪ɣܹҵŶǸǧ֮һûеļʣұûбʲôϣֻǣȴģӵķŭ뿪ɽ磬һҪһҪªн¶һҪ
ӴʦٴεıļԿóʱ飬Ĳ侲
ʵҸϣҵѣֻǣҶ֪ǲǣһһ뿪ϣҲֻǸˣţˣˣɶҵһЦ֮ӪˣȴϣԾҽĻңϣ԰Щ͸¶ȥɽ磬֪ǰѾûʱˣΨпһƮĻԵˣ
ӴʦĻʼһԤУӽĻҿһյףʱĪеϣѾһʹ
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ӴʦʼЩһʱ䣬úûȴһţУڵɾǿ߸߲㣬һ£˵۵ģ
͵ˣңҷŭĲɶƵţԭҵѣҲһεȥνǱüıȺˡ
飬Īǰ˵ģ˾ŲʮӴʦԽԽãŰһһ˵ꡣ
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ԿóӴʦ仰˵÷¼Ѿߵ˾ͷȫǱȼ
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501 ң
ұң
ӵĻصţĪȴǰδеƣ룬ˣ·𱻳ڵϣѪɫӿնûн࣬˼仰Ʈ˺ԶԶĵط
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ǰݰǵֽȴĪл겻ᣬ㱣ʵĪУôˣ
üͷĪǰδе顣
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ĪеĻһ£ʵĪУ㲻ǶǵĹ㾹Ȼ˵Ļ
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ңң
ؽ˼һӻصڼſս磬ɱʱ򣬴ĪУǽң
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Ī˵˵ţȴͬʣ˵ȥˡ
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ĪУһжģ㻹ô֧Ĳ£㻹ҪΪӴʦѩޣ㻹ҪƷþǸͽûӦûģ
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ӣǿһԼĴڡ

ӶЦδϢ
ιĪл쵰ǻȿĻͼɡ
չͼͼ棬ϸ󷨽󷨵ԭ󷨵Ĳַ󷨵ƽⷽ涼ŷǳϸĽܡ
ΪˣԿףͼĽ£ԭӵ󷨣һӱü
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Ī˵
ûڣǲӦóȥˣôãԽԽˡ
ڣɵ˵
ŷɾ֪ڲǣңӵҴ̼ܴͻƵˣԣǾұչأܲͻƣﱻ󷨸ˮԣҲԵϢƣʱͻˣŷɾ棬Ҳаգ
Ǻã죡
ˣѡôĵطϥһ׼ͻƣһ׼Ϣơ


502 ˫˫ͻ
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ӵȷĪд̼ܴѪҪһǻѪԣӵĪѪԺͷŭӰ£Īҵͻƿڣ
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ǣѪ壬ͷ֮룬Īֻ޷򣬸Ѫ֮Ҳûа취İ취
ĪпӣͻƵļʺܴ󣬲ȴҪѲʱ䣬ˣҲиȥҲʱ䣬֮ȡѽ֮Ҳɽ磡
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ȥ񣬷з飬ͬн飬飬һ꣬һṹ
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ÿֲѪ򣬾ȻԿѪҺ
оԼһв֣æסŸоԼѪҺƽ
֪⻹ΪѪֻĪͻʱɢһƷ֮ѡ
Īͻɾȫʩչ˵ȫѪҺҪ
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ɫϢϵѹСɣһĴָСѪҺ״Ȼȥ
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ĺˮɽ󡢾Źڣ·֮סѪҺѪҺֱĪеĶͷ

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󺣺һôϣŷɾĴӴڿն𣬿ĳ𾪵ĵ
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ΪŷɾһԤУԤݲûΪһˣûܵôģ
ˣ£ͷʱĳˣ


503 赶ɱˣ
ϣ·УѸ֤ôѪԾµķУҲ˵˵õ˷ϿɣͻΪɾˣ
ΪɾǿߵĹŷɾȻ֪ɾǿߵĳԣˣѵǸɽڵСޣܣûôģǸһ֮ǰֻɽڣķǷ֮򣬶֮ķУѪӣӦǡѪ򣿣
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˷ɾ뵽һӣһ֮ڸ߿ҳ貵̻
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ʮɽڸͿ񿴵ŷɾټûԥڿն𣬳ŷɾϡ
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˲䣬ͰϿյĴţ̽һ
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ԣһݣɾڼʮɽǿߣ⣬֪ǲĶ֡
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Īаļƻ˵˳Ҫעʱ֣ҪİˣȥһߣȻˮǵעȵҰѹŷɾס뺣ףɽ󴦻ϣ
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ݵͷȻڱμƻУնΣգȴҲ£ŷɾҪɱҲҪһɽǿߣҲûô
һݳһȥһң֮ӿͬˮ


504 ȫ
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ԭڸ߿յĹŷɾݳһ˲䣬ѾӦ˵ʮɽ
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ˮɾǵЦסҲܿ뵽йؼ
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ѪҺƣŷɾ˵ĻᶼûУټסҪעĪг䲻£ɹİˮɾ뺣
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ۿʮɽŲ⳯ԼΧ£һЦʱʮɽЩõԤС
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ڹŷɾƴʱĪҲþȫɿĿɽ
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һᣬĪһɽ֮ǰ
ɾǿߣȥɣ
Īﱩȣ㾡ȫƹŷɾѪҺӵĿȻĳɽΧҲɽȥ

ŷɾںһˮˣܿƵɽȥ
䣡
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ŷɾɽıԵͣѵĪеһ˲䣬ŷɾϣ¶ͷŭһŵˣ
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ѪˣһҪץס
ŷɾѳһ˲䣬޺޵ĪҲһղŰȫڿƹŷɾϣڹŷɾҲܵ˲
ģһ񣡡
Īаŭʧȥƿأζʧܣŷɾˡ
ղܿƹŷɾҪ䲻⣬Ͼ߻в࣬䲻ĻĪкѿƵ˹ŷɾ
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ŷɾ֪ʲôɽһ֪
ûȻûɽʧĪкݵߡ
䣬İӴд˳
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ˮԴķǳʮɽԶɵģǷ׷׳ݺĪдȥ
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ȫžĿռڣѲ˺޾֮ϣͻȻռѣһǧɵĿռڶͣ޴ĿռڶԿĿռƬɿĽ֯ͬһ㣬ɱڶֱеĶ뻯Ϊޣ
ڿռڶ͵һ˲䣬޴ϯռڶﷶΧڣ

ﷶΧڵĺˮû˿ԥ޴ƥǿеɽռѷУȻڿռУɱޣռѷˮζ棡
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ǧɵ糤ں߸ߵľ𣬾ǧѩ
ӿȵ˳֮ϣͬһֱ񽣣Ӳ񷣬ͷ죬̤һǿҵӾУ˵ĸоһе飬ݵޱȵΰ󺣣
Цˣ
ЦЦѹη죬ѹˮɽѹһС
ս츳Ѿͣңҿȫƿסˣ£µŬûа׷ѣڳɹˣ
˫ָ߸߾𣬶޾źҵ츳ͨԺ֣һɿգ
һ֮䣬˫֮ռǳѣħһлգ


511 VSɾ
츳ͨһɿա
ѾȷԼ츳֣ͨڵݣڿһҲ΢һѡ
죬µޣʱҪˮɾһսӮ
ˣҪ̸ˣӮˣͿɽ׵Ȼ׳󣬾ͺñѩԽԽԺܡ
ԣһսʮֹؼ
ʱ䣬һصɽԼʵ״̬ͬʱ룬սʱӦ֮ߣ
ڵĺٴƽͬԶźľϢȥݣͬһֻɺף֮ĶڿлһƮݵĻߣʧãã֮ϡ
ݲûоˣصɽ󣬾ֱصԼĶڣȻңϥֳһϢԼָ۷״̬һԼյģԺɾǿ߶ԿȻԺģɾսսʱıͨͷĴá
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һսֻʤܣ
Լ¶Ŀ꣬ģݳɽΧһ޴ʯ֮վɣԼȫĵУҪһеȫȫһս
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ϣϣݵ״̬Ѿ۷塣
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ˮɾҲǣʲôӣ֪һģҲ˵ҪõɽΪԼСƵܵǿҪԼɽˣúõһ٣Լ֪ɾǿߵϡ
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ϾΣһɾǿߣȥһɽԣǺܲʵ顣
һʱһЩݣȻʱȴˣ֪Լѿ
ݣȻеҪ֪ɾɽĲ࣬ٸһᣬֻҪɽ鸽ңȻԵɽ֮ɽֻҵϹһѣ£ǲģ
ˮɾѵõĺ˵ݵǶһЩ壬ΪӦݵȷɽڣΪûǿ١
ɽڣҺɾǿ߽а壬Ȼ˾ÿЦǣֵǣġ
ˣɾˣѵԼûģ²ܻңԹЭ
һ䣬˵
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ˮɾɫһ䣬ﰵŭݣֱǲʶôȻˣԼҲûбҪ
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ƽޱȣȴ΢΢һЦƼŭˮɾҪľȻ˷ִ磬ǣҲ¾ԣʱԼ
кʯһƫƧ
ʯ£߿ƺɫʯϣɫ棬һƬʯ򣬳˴Ѵѵľ޴ʯ⣬ûʻûޱȡ
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תˮɾУһĨЦ⡣
лذҲ壬ھԵʵ£һаǸƣ
ˮɾɫһ䣬ûʰ˵
ȴЩ飬ȷ˵ˣͣ󣬵һʱ䣬Ƿųʶ̽Ϊǲʲô֮Ͼ룬ݸҺԼսڣ϶һЩֶΡ
ʶȴûзκεĲԾ
ȻɾôţôԣͿʼɣ
Цޱȵأȫģһ̣뵽ⳡսУսʤݵֻʣ
Ǿɣ
ɣˮɾܹΪɾǿߣȻսʱ̫⣬ɣڰգݣҪʲô
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ϵսգ𵽼£ݵƺս⣬ȫ£һսǿսһ


512 ˫۹һгɿգ
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ټң񽣵޼᲻ݣ֮ԿԺɨɽ۷ǿµˣ
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·Ψ첻ƣµٶȣϼµƻܱ幥ǳǿģ
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ٶȡϣﵽ۷壡
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ˮɾݶʱ߿֣ݿһƽʯɽĻˮȷˢӣȻַͬޣ⵹ǿ֮
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üëһһݣڣĪ֪ˣɾǿߵĸֶΣɾȴɾǿߵ־
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513 ɾ
ǽɾǿߵУͬȼΪҪһɾǿߣᴦھԵı״̬
Ϊɾ֮ڣֻʩչ߲ףеˣֻнٲõˣ
ҲɾǿߣԱΪǿߵԭɾǵľɱУɾǿߣ˴˹˼ɣ±ɾУ
ɾҲȲϴ˵е󣬿ɱһ㷨ҪǿĶ࣬ҪģҪʱ˺Ҫأɾȴ֮ҪǣпƶԺͿɿԣ
ûɾ򣬼ÿһ˵̸֮ɫ䣡
˽Գƣ޵У
ԣˮɾоԵš
ˮɾˮΡҲķӡ棬̺ˮ֮ϣ̺ˮ֮С
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ǣȻݼҪӶݣǣ죬ˮ֮ٶȸ죡
ͺһյˮڱеɫʣ˴ΧˢˢȥĻᣡ

ڱסһ˲䣬͸оΧ磬˲ıˣ
һգۣѾ󺣣޾ĺˮ棬ɾ֪ԼѾɾУ
ݣɾ򣬿޵УҵɾУ˵ССɽɾǿߣҲҪǷɣûһ˿Ӯң
У޾ĺˮУƮĴˮɾĮᡣ
𣬹˵ʲôãȴ˵
ȫ֮Ƶӿ˳ܣ˷ĺˮӲļһյش
ʱݵңȫˮΧ޾ĺˮûоͷֲˮ֮ޱȵǿ
ˮ磬ˮףϵϷ֮ڵֻпڵ֮ˡ
Ҿͽģ
ˮɾֻоȻ䣬Ҫٵѹ˷ĺˮŻֺˮ֮򣬳˹
ˮټϾϵĲ࣬ݸѵֻֿǼԭǿмյشٴСֻмĿռ䡣
ȴҧأƴס

ˮɾݵľǿŭˣССɽȻôԼӣͷôš
˿ˮɾĻԺʯ˼Ī˵ɾγɣҪǷӡǵãӡطγҲô˵ۣͬ࣬ԴͷǷӡǣֿô˵ֻҪҵӡǣȻѷӡǺͿԴطĹطĹͨ벼ãӶƿ򣡡
뵽⣬ݵȵĹâ
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ͬʱڳźˮܿļѹˮмŷ֮ѹǾ޴ġ
ҧأǣٳλãǿѹ£ԽԽС
ҪӿٶˣҪȻûҵӡǵ֮ԼҪ棡
Що˷ѹЩ²ãԼͳŲסˮ֮ѹɷ顣
ڳˮ֮ˮУʶ谭ɨΪѡ
Ī˵ӡǣһ봦Ҳλãλã
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ˣӡǣ£̺У뷨Դֻһ֮ԣӡ̺ķ򲨶һǿҵģֻҪҵ⺣У򲨶ǿңĵططһǷӡǵ֮
ʯ䣬Ժһ뵽һѵƣʶæĸӦĸķ򲨶ǿ
ǺףǸ򣡡
ݵʶ׽Խףˮ֮ǿȺ;ȣţ׷ףȷˣں봦ǿˮ֮֮ǰδеŨҺ;

ݿϲĲ㻶
֪ڸģȻǾȥ
ǣݵ翹ѾˮɾˮɾѾ׼һݺݵĽѵˡ
ˮѹѹһаɣ
ˮɾһеķ֮ƾǿ֣ݣѾʧȥģҪȫˣ


514 ռħ
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ɾǿҲ˵ɾѹĵǿҲԤУŬԼָƽ
ݣ߾ߣʹѾͻˣҵȻߣ
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ȵ֮ҪסԼʱµ罣򣬿

ݵĶͷ֮ӡǺͽ֮ӡǸֳǹ⻪ӡศɵĽһ𣬽ţһɫɫڻŵľ޴ӭſҪ֮򣬶ײȥ
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һɿտֲޱȣʱҲзΧģֻҪݵԽԽۺһ죬һ֮䣬ɽʱ侲ֹɽ
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ղʩչ츳ͨһɿյĳ۵ףǿʱ켼ܣǱռĿֲ棬ͺñһǿҵĳֱӳǵ飬꣡
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֮ϣͻȻ֮ӿеˮ֮֮ܵٻڿһڸ˰ʵľ޴ӡ
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žȫˮ֮֮ɣݿ˹ȥоĺǵҪӵģʱȴ֣Ժͺû˿ļһ
һ㣬ݸоޱȣ֪ԶƵһȫ֮ӣȻô档
ʣٿžˣǸͨ쳹صĴܡ
е˵ֳĸ֡ˮ


534 ðյļƻ
ⳡ𺳵ľսոսˮе˵ߡ
ǣݵһοˮȻҲֻˮͨûһž޴Ӷѡ
ˮ϶Ʈ죬ÿһ˵Ķ
صδϢžȴɢؼ䣬һֿʼָƽƺղʲôҲûз
ֻǣˣǵɫһӱȤ
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չֳ츳ֲ̫ˣټϲˮ֮ˣˮңˮʼݲ˾ͷ֮ģԣ࣬Ҳ룬ˮĳЩʱ򣬴ѹҲһ
λȨصˣĵģԼλȲȹ̡
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ݣʵĿģҪ㣬չۣһʱƽ˾ķâ¶һЩĲԼҪСΪϡ
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Ͳ뵽ˮԼ̬ȣԣҲûйľȡ
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ĪеĻЩ졣
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ĪУݣҵļƻǣˮѹĻᣬպÿԽ壬ˮأˮͶ


535 
ʲôˮĪνðյļƻݳԾĵֱԼʱʱˡ
ĪУ㲻ڿЦɣҲ˵ˮûʽĴѹԼѹˣҲȥɣĳңǵĵˣȥԼ˵ʲô¡
ݶĪеУɻ
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Īȴƽ˵ԭ
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Īл˵ӵɱɾʵˣһ֮ˣûɲܣһԸ㣬Ϊɾǿߣͨˣ޷д㣬϶ټ㣬лС
ҽУܹôϮڵȻǲܵġݻǺɻΪʲôĪҪԼðôķգС
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ļãĪмԭ򣬾Ϊ˽ǣΣ
ݣҲ㣬Ѫֻܴﵽɾ۷ΪΪҵ壬ƥ䣬Ҫﵽ𾳽磬ǸңңڣҪѩޣûǸʵԣұҪ취
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ҵȻ𣬿ǣҵһֻǿȻﵽҪ󣬿ȴûü꣬ͷڷѵ飬ԣһһֱڣֻҪҵõҵķҾͿƾԼٷְϵķ۷壡
ĪеĻˣ죬ѵĵĪУ㣬㻹һ߷
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Ҳֻ˲䣬ϵĪ˵ðյļƻˡ
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˵Լеĵǡ
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Īгһݣ飬ȷҪܴķգпܣΪʱ𣬶ңĪе飬ԣ£ǻȷŻɣӳ顣


536 
ĪʲôʲôĪе飡
ӿЩŭѣҵ飬ң˵ĺеƻȷðգܾͬǰƻУһ˳ĻٿԼٰŬһҪģݾ
˼ǡ
ûдѾˣƻУжƴ󣬳ˣǣƴһѰɣ
¶ģڵУûη塣
ˣĬУһֽĶ˵ʣʱһоڲС
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ڶ죬İȫټɽĴڡ
콻Ҫߴң飬Ҫʱ뿪ɽҪʱ뿪ˮأ뿪ϣǲҪκҥݣҲϣǣԺúõĹɽ
ãǶ˷Ը٣ɽʵΪǿҲϣǿ԰ңúõĹɽ뿪ЩӣҪκιΪڵҪ񣬾
ϣһʱ򣬿ԿȻҵɽȻ
ݵĻĪ
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ǲɾ磬ΣҲҵݣҪǣݺͿɽ˶֪飬ʱɽǵѣ˲ȷϣҲҵһ߲ƣȾꡣ
ݵʵֹֻ
ȥͽˣ˵
˵ɫĲ׽棬ݸ̾ǿΪ𣬹Ȼˣһɱ˿ɾЩ˼ңҲ񣬷ʵѽʵףΪʵ
ݴˣСƬ̣ȥͽˡ
ݵ̬ȣһΪ˵ʱƽͣûв˿ɷ
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һᣬһ֮ӳµĺƵ˳̶ݷģֱӳɽ˵Уȥ
ֺĹУ˰أȴûסݣǿݵĿ⣬Ǻ𺳵ġ
ܹĿʱڵķҲССĽһѡ
һ·ֱϣֱ߽Уʱͽʹߣڱϣں˯ȵ߽УӦã˫˯ۣһԺ֮ɫ


537 粨
ͽˣ㻹һûжٸı䰡
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ͽǰûжٵı仯ʹΪҲȻһԵģûʲôϣҲʲô
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ͽ˺øߵľ磬ȷУѾԣϧұ
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ʱҲǱΣȴݷŲ£ţһ죬Ҳôһġ
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£ˮƺѿˡ

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ɽ˶֪ˣǰһսɱɾڵݣҪˮˮ
һＤǧˣЩϢͬһ㣬ɽȼһȻ󲨡
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һ죬Ϣûм֮⣬ԽԽŨҡ
ʲôҪˮ
ɽˣɽͽʹˣɾǣ׷׵ˡ
ǣ֪ΪʲôҪȥ֮ǰ˵ǷͽʹߣҲ֪ˣΪʲôҪĪæɽ
ɾҲֻпЦѣֻεĸ̾ݣÿһΣҪŪôķ粨ƺһֱûаȹ
˻ϲǣ˷ŭ˸ˣЩˣǵΪ˿ֶ֡
֮ܶⳡϯɽĴ粨ȴȻţȻɽţͬ籩㣬ûͣϢ


538 ң
ǼȥˣϢȻţȻûƽϢȥ˶۷׷ףһ㣬Ǿǣ˭Ҳû㹻֤ȥ˵ȥ֤ЩϢȷԡ
ΪЩߣǵ;˵Ҳ˵ʵҲ࣬ҥԣһ
Ҫ֪ϢǲȷģȴҪվֻݣоԵķȨ
ǣЩ죬ȴʧһûг˵ߡ
ʱڣȻϢķзҲС˾䣬ǲ࣬ȥɢرˮˮԴ£ͲκεҲһԣ֡
ڣΪʱʱվ˳
ɽϢʵģȷҪˮ
Գ֣ԭͷзķ粨߳
ҥԹҥԣǾȷʵ֮¼˽Ȼĸı䡣
ɽʹݣ֧ݣ۹ۿⳡ顣
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540 
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ϾݿԻɱɾǿߣΪҲǶĴڣ£һߣǵҲԻĸá
ǣҲ벻ݸûȥԸעҪգڣֻڷǶѡ

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541 
ûдҰѷǿڽУ飬ûκ֪ҵķ߱꣬ҲûıʣԲɢ˿Ϣҵķһ棡
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543 Ķӣ
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ʮַնһɱȻķ֮ɵĴӺֺȥͲݶܵĻᣡ
ǰѾͿҪӽΧ
ȥ͵ڳ˻ڣҪ׵öˣȥһҪȥ
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ڴĹѾȥᣡ
棬Ѿ͸ͨƣͬʱһ֮ͨУӿȥ
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䣡
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ݵϼҫǧɫ⣬Ӳһ
ۣ
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ʱͨƵķ£󻤵õպôһͨ
ಡ
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棬ʮɾǿڽ׷ᣬαǳǧ⣬һֻյȻޣңȵϿգ
ӥ״˫һţʮ
ڷŭ֮£ֱӻ
Իڤ㣬Ϊ֮󣬲֪伸ǧҲΪΪ֪֮ǧҲŭɣ֮ƣ
ȻУ󣬿ɿ֪͵Ӵ
һԶźޣ˫һչңȣһؾ޴Ӱ֣һŭɣһֱͬ𣬷ҡֱϾ

ӴһӰݵķ׷˹ȥ
ʮĸɾǿߣȻٶҪ࣬ҲȻȥûץݣһҲһص
ڣȻڱϣЩ
ղţңˣк⣬ԲΪͶǣѵ˵Ϊ񣿣
˸ﲻϵ˼⣺ң˵ݺңйϵѵǣңûԭ򣬾ǡ
ţӿ˲Ƶ𺳣òƽϢȥУһĨŨ


545 
ңɽһǰҲ㣬ҲڵҲκ㣬ǣȱħ֮ʣɽҸ֮ʱĪУҲҪҶĤݣ
¶ޱȵҰģ
ҪǱħĹؼʱ̣ݣΪƾ츳ͨͿӵ𣬵ȴɣȴɽʱ򣡡
еâɣʧС
յֻʣ·ȸԾĻ衣

ݣΪӵ𣿣
ӴһȻڳԣ
ȫʩչңȻҪȴѷɫ֣Ҷʱ󣬴ȻһӴֱ׷ݣݷԲֱŴӰ
ড
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һضĲҵһѪսɳѪɺӵĲҵͱ׳ϢؼƵ
ҵͱ׳УȴְһɼΪɱ

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һͬŭըĽ֮޴ңȻײڴ˫צ֮ϣӴһ֮£Ȼı˳ȥǷһҵ
ȥ˫צ֮ϣһľ޴˺۳棬ѪܵѪҺ
ԭƻֺңĹâҲʱһͬƬѣң񽣽ҲɳȥƣջڣݵɫҲһЩĲ԰ף
ӲƴӲĶײһΣ˫û׬ô˫צϣңķ֮ݵҲǣѪӿ
͵ľ޴ӿ˾̶̼겻ݾȻ˿ֲӲƴһǣ
ݣΣ
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ĽƣҲ޷˫սӥХŭȡâצһ˫֮Ƶ
ذ޹⣬ΧɽȺɾǿߵĽսŰУΪ촷ֱӱ˺ѵĿռɽȥΪޣ
ɾڿԻɱɾڵĿɾԴɾ۷壬ȴе˳
ⲻ֪Խս󣬴ɾе𾪣ҲŨ
һͨСһȻ̶꣬ΪԺԼɽ綥ǿ߶սж·ǿߡ
ֲֿĽٶȣǺˣԽˣݵɱģԽǿңݼչȥô룡
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˴ս˺ʱ򣬼װըԶԶĴ˹ˣҲڼ䣬Ҫ׷
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Ҳ˵ҪԵģʮɾǿߣ
ѹݴ
ݺʹһ˴ս˵ĳǺʮɾǿߴս֪ûκεΪݺʮɾսĽ


546 
ݵս˲һǿǿײݽŷ֮ˣͬʱ֮ٴӿ˫С
ڵӿնڵͫ׽任ɺڰɫ̫ͼٵת
һɿգ
εĿռ䷨֮ʱ䷨֮Ȼ󳯸ոոһʮɾǿߣ˹ȥ
ʱ̣СرζӴסֹͣӿεĿ磬סٺХ
˫֮ռͬƬжʱ䷨Ϳռ䷨ศɣû˿Ӱ졣
ʮɾǿߵĿռ䣬ȻռƬɽռӿͬе˳ӿȣཻ֯ɱ
ʮɾڣȫ޴Ŀռѷɽȥ
ռѷһսʮɾǿߣʱҪ֮Ϣݲһûѣιȥ
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ﰵ뵽츳ͨȻ죬Ҳܷӹǿ
֪Լܿ츳ͨǿĨɱʮɾݸɴŤͷǿԶݣ
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ȻûܵصĴˣеŭѾԽԽ񱩡
һ٣ٶѣųɽɾǿٶȵһĴ޹⣬ңɱ֮Ȳ

һ˫һ𣬴ӴҡֱϣһɳʯȴѾӹǧ
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ݱ׷ϹΣȴڹؼʱ̣ǿ츳ͨˡ
ǣھೡսҲˣ
ǻߵ꣬ݶܵ˾޴Ĵˣ֪׷ɱȥ֧Ų˼ˡ
ʮˣҲݵķ֮£˲Сˡ
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ݵһٶϣͬˣƣдľֻбѹ·ֻĶӣġ
ô׵ģÿһα׷󣬲սûжãʮĸҲ׷ȺŹҪƴ֮£Ӳ
ʵ̫Ҳû
ĪУķںϰɣҪȻҾˣ
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Īеõ˵еķû˿ԥץʱİԼѪϷȻķС
ǵȵȫϺĪвãͺпǰľ硣
ǣҪȫȴѣȻ˵ĪԼķǣǷҲĥڵģټĪлҪԼʵͬľ磬ԣĪбˣҲ֪Ҫãſ۷壡
ҲֻвϵıӺĪеٶȣԿһ㣬ٿһ㣡
ĴıƼңҾֱӺһ
⼸죬ʵڱȵ̫ʹˣмΣҪʩչ̣ݻûʩչ
ͷݲҲ׵ʩչı
ˢˢˢ
ȻŲ·Ӷš
ɽ磬ȴٴεһȻ󲨡
ڣɽ˶֪ڽʱĻһʱķݣڻɱɾɽˮٴεһ𺳵ķ粨
Ǿǣʮ죬ͱͨͨڱжǿ׷ɱҪǣѱ׷ɱ֮ã


547 
ûв͸ǽݱ׷ɱɣӴں׷ô䶯飬Ȼȥ
ԣҲ׼ȥֱӷͨھˣ׷ݣ׽ͣɱҲзĽ
һʱǧˣҷ׷ڲ²ݵʲô춯ءĴ£ǵŭ׷ɱ
ٴγ粨
ݱ׷ɱԭ򣬺ݵȴѹȥסˣĪе飬˵Ǹܣɶͬܡ
ǾϢ͸¶ȥΪĪеĴڣΪ
ʼգû֪Ϊʲôݻᱻ׷ɱ
ⳡ粨ˮЦ˵һá
˾𺳵ģȴݵսѾˣݴϢݺʮɾǿ߱ӱսһ˼̤ھأˣʮɾҲˣ
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Ҫɽҵʣ˶ش㡪ݣ
ݣһģӦ˵ġ
ɽÿ϶ġ
ͽʹڿɽҲһ鸴ӣƺڻţݽ̸Ǹʱ
ݣһ׵ģǣһûףݣ㵽ҪʲôԽԽ͸ˡ
ͽʹյĴڣص
常ҸоϢԽԽˣ
಻ʮɽУɽߵɽɽ˳Ϊ֮ɽɽ֮ϣһֻѪɫʨſڵϣԱһֻ޴˵
Ѫɫʨ˫о޴˫׷ʨһϲĽһС졣
СȫѪɫȴڤĵ֮һ㡣
Сͺţ͸¶ǣԱ޴ޣȴݣֻ˸ңһǾСǣ㲢ڵǣȴ޷赲Ǿµƣ
ޱȣȫȴֳУĽǺɫỬƤëȫļ⣬֫ĳȣ۾ͱ֮ģޱȣκε覴á
ֿô˵ԳƵϣĴڣͷͬ˫ۣȫȼźɫ棬һ϶аĸо
ڤ룬ֳΪ
ֻ϶аޣɵһǿߣߣ
ڤ룬ϹޣҲֻѪͳܹôǿ
С죬Ҳϣ㣬̫Ĺע飬ϣרĵгһս𾳽磬ΪǿһҲޣԽԽǿҲ뵣вҪɽ磬Խ࣡
ڤ룬ϹޣҲֻѪͳޣſôǿ󣬴ﵽ𾳽硣
СҲڤľѪϴˢͶ̥ǣͬϹѪ
ߵݵ飬û̫ĵǡ
常һղգһհĲȥȥɣˡ
С쿴ߣ䰧
֪ͨݴԽԽѣԽԽΣСסˡ
С죬಻ֵȥ顣
һ̾Ҳ㲻ǰɽУαѹģҲ㣬ҲȥǸݵġ
常ȥҲһȥԶҵĸ磬ǩԼˣҲˡ
С˼
ұǿĨڵѪ
ĨҵѪȴĨұľġ
С죬Ǹֵ࣬ô𣿡
һţڤСǿƵ̬ȣһ̾ɽ紫ߣС죬ȴޱȡ
ҵ粻ҵˣҵĸ磬ûаҵһɳһξۣһɽ磬һƴ
СУ¶˻䣬·ֻصԪ½Ƕ峺ºʱ⡣
Ǹ࣬˵ô𣿡
һ̾⣬ȷЩ⣬ǴСУ֪ԼҪҡС죬ѡ
Ҳգ޾ǱŸҰҺޣЩôα
С죬ǲȥླصģҲ˵飬ȥླأΥ˹򣬵ʱ򣬻ܵ˵׷ɱͨԣһеİ취


549 
󣬵ڤ룬Ҳߵ˫ȴ¶˳˼˼Ƭ̣С죬ҪԼȥŬҪǸֻ࣬Ŭȥ
Ҫ֪ǩԼֻҪŬͻֳһ룬ԴԴϵӿǸݵڣİ£һսһ߻ָƣңŬҽܴδûз̵Ļᣬ紫ԣǸݵ࣬Ҳǵ֮
߼˵ңҵİʵһķǳѸ٣ҲһãɰҲû¡
常ϾһѭḶ́˵һֻǱˮн֪֧ܲŵôã
СЩ⶯ȴǡ
֧Ųȥôûоˣʵҵ˼һǿĨѪġ
˲

ţ
ڿ񱼵ݣͻȻоһдڣһεתȫӦԼ֮
֮Ĺ£ͺñһ꣬ͬɺıѿصڼ⡢Ѫ
ⴺܴصڽĻָоΪ֮ܲ١
Сѽҡ
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ݸоԼֶһߵ
ӣݷӶݣСİݲߣ˳־ȥĶ
ȴûôˣǵ֮ţܻĵ꣬Ȼǿʱ޿̵֮ǣԶԶҪ룬ߵʱ
Ҫ˶ڣҪֵѹҪСܶ࣬ǳᱻϿ塣
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ϢϢݱ׷ɱĵ죬ھر̷ʮɾǿߴսһңٴӶݣ˲ǳųѩɽԶݣ
Ϣݱ׷ɱĵ죬־һսԽ򣬿ӣҪ󣡡
Ϣ죬ûдսݴ󣬿ӣãҪ޾صıԵʱʮɾɰԲȰΧݣݱƽпܰݱ޾صıԵߣɽĹ涨˲̤޾ذ벽ѵҪ죬ΧסϢ

һϢɽĴСÿ˶Ϊעһ粨Ķ̬رɽˣ죬ݾҪѹȵ޾صıԵʱ鲻ԽĻ
Ѿȵĵ޾صıԵߣǳɰԲȰΧסģ֪ӶݣҪ޾أƫƫϵ޾أܵ׷ɱʱл͸ܣǲȥֻеűΧ
ݾͺ񱻱ȵģһͬ
ԽԽǺ棬һ׻ô
ڣһ޾׷ɱһѾ˲ˣֻܵűʮɾǿ߰Χ
ʮɾǿߣ֮һɽĶɾɾ۷ǿߵˣ˵Լʮɾǿߡ
ʮˣһһʬ޴ˡ
ʵڣҲڽѣֻҪ̤ǰһ߽ǰݾ޾أվؼλãɫо˷ʮϢɿĳ߰˹
ֿ˿ȤĿԼߵڶޣ̾һ
Է޾ȻҲ֪ϢԲǧޣȫۼԵλã󲿷ֶͨɣҲʮͷޣңݻ֣һͷո̤ޡ
ݸұֻ֤ҪԼ̤ȥ⣬ȺޣĳԼ
ʵܹ죬Ҳ漣ˡ
ҪС죬ԶԶ֧ŲôãСķ£ݵõĪĺôݵƣûж񻯣ָֻ࣬ǣȴȵ䡣
ǽ첻ֻҪһͻͽ

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ڣ;ĩ·ǰǣҲǡ
ǰǺ󻢣һҧƽתȻֱӳʮɾӭ˹ȥ
ˣˣƴһѣһ
ݲԥһ׳ʿһȥζ棬Ҳ˺ˣҪ㣬ܲܰǸȫˣǰȫɲзҲУ
ݷһʱƯڰУĵȴţʮϢıƽ


550 һ
¸¸£ݣѾ;ĩ·˰ɣȰ㻹ǲҪһȥ˿㻹лĻᣬʮɾ㹻ɢ
һᣬɾѾ˷ĸǿݺӿϲɫĳݱƽ
׷ɱҹǷ·𿴵ʤ⡣
ϣŹĪеϢǣĹͷҲԸֱɱݡ
׽ȡ׽ݣ
ٰҵɵӣǻŹң𣬷ϻ˵ǲҪ׽ңҪҪǾҪûбˣץҰɣ
ʶǵļһ䣬ЦһȻˣ
ʶôҪܣܵõ𣬳ҽȥ޾أ
״ЦӴյ׷˹ȥʮĸɾҲȫ׷˹׷ʱʮɾԵľ룬ǳĿ
ʱ򣡡
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Ƕȥɣ
ݴһĺһɸߵѪɫȻڰУʮɾ˹ȥ
Ѫ
һĪǰ壬ҲѪ
ĪеķѾҵģȻҪѾﵽɾΪѪĪҲ֪ݴս׶༪٣ԸղŰݵı
ͷݾʹóһܱܲ
أεʩչıԴη
ಣ
Ѫݵĳ䲻֮£ٶȼķΪ׵ʮɾǿߡ
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ݸոշųѪʱ򣬾Ѿ֪Ԥϵʲô˴ȵ
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Ҫɢұ
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ΪɾھѪ壬ݻճ˲䣬ΰȻըѡ
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УϥյĪУƺһһѪ
ѪĪеһֻ꣬ҪʩչѪƲлֱӿѪԱ
ԱĪеƲлҲ⣬һƻҲűըϷĪУҲܵǣһ
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ѪԱƻǱɾ۷ǿȫһҪֲ
ʮĸѪԱŰ˸˽ȥ
İ
һ˲䣬ɾڵǿߣֱӱռڶϷҵƻֱĨɱޣ
ѪԶԶˡ
ŰǿɾǿߵԱκһľ
ۡ
Ϣȥˡ
ণ
ԱĿռ䶯ͷ򶯵ƽϢһ߿ҷŭӥХ˺ѹƣֱ
ţУһ˫޴ȻһɱŵʯĳֱӸȥɻĿ̺žԵķ֮޾ѪɫҲ˿
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ֻ޵ѾҲѪ߰ߣƬƬëѾ䣬Ӵȫ£˺ۡ
׵ķŭˣ
һΣ˲أȻû˼ǣʮĸɾȴѾ˴룡
ݣ
ȴԱ˵Űһ˫̵ӥۣ˲ס׼ݵݣȻ׷˹ȥ
ɾڵǿƿطŰӳ죬׷ŴĲɱڵĳɱȥ
ʮһɾ䣬ˣûս֮
䲻Աʮɾס˿ͷʧء
ҵϢɾ


551 ʴ
޾أһԹ۵ǣһֶθ׷׵ľסˣݣǲļµ
̫ˣǹսãݿҪ;ĩ·ˣû뵽ȴطֱöԷʧ
࣬ÿֲ
𺧣Ҳ˷ŭɾǿߣһУ׵ȼеŭ
ΪǿߣѾ֪жãûôǱˣݣɾڵˡ
޴棬ټʧأĸ˵ŭѾֱӳţ
ʲôƨ׽ȥɣ
ǰѻ׽ݵ뷨ݺݵ֮Ժ
ɱ⣬ɱ
Ƕݣ˾Եɱģ
ĸˣŭĳΧ˹ȥ
ᣬɾǿߣҲۺʵ£ӵгս
ĸˣȻԷӳ޴
ȻȫǣҲֵˣ
ݸܵĹǿѾԼΧЦȴָһ˿οʮ׷ɱģֻʣĸսģˣսԺգ
ҪɱңҲҪ۵ģ
Цѡ
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552 ߵĳ
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ںȻҲԼ˵ǶôĿɶֻܽڱ߽߱Եȴ̤޾ذ벽
ȻΪЩСǣǴУȴе飬еΣҪǣµǵڤ룬ߣ
֪Լ̤޾أ¾ԼܵĺǣҲɱ
һǿޱȣʹ죬ҲðΣսȥ׽ݡ
ǣĸ˾ǣȴ޾أһԲѣʱ׽ݵϺʱ׽õݣſ𽻴ſԴݵõĪеϢ
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һȴ̺޾־һɾµĻ߰ͲΥƴɢ
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ɾǿߣųƾǿߵǣȴ޷ıָȻıķɳȥֱӺɳȥصھصķΧ
Ҳҿֲֻɱɾ¾ûôùˡ
Ǿķɾǿ֮󣬲ûջػɢһѳϻԲѵݣٴ˾޴С
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553 ֮ɽ
ڤ룬ߣ
˶ֲֻ֪֣ٿصģΪ޾УҲֻ˵еߣſԿԽǧĿռ䣬ٿŷ֮۳һֻ֣ɾǿǿƻˣȻݡ
һӰŴɾǿߡ
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ߵĳ֣ƸǣǶŴĺߵĳ֣ǸоۺĵŴڵɾǿߵϡ
Ϊôǵɫѿǣղ߸ոǸͲҶǶ֡
Ѿ߾ˣȥҲûκε˼ǻȥ˵
վڱԵԣɫãݺݵ˵ҹ׷ɱɾˣȴˮһա
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룬֮Ϊ֮ף
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554 ɾ
ߣ˵еĴڣӿ𺳣ȻĪɽһǿߣݳˮ⣬Ѿȫʶۼˣ񿴵ߣȻ𺳣ȴҲôˡ
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֮ɽʮɽУ֮ɽߵйѵ
ݲ²֣˻䵱У뵽ԼڻǰǺУֱ׷ɽȥ޾ʱɵļֻȻ
ѵǴң
ݿߣ׷ʵ
ˣǾ㣬㵹˵ץ㣡
ȴҡͷϣҲ㲻ţҲñΣʵȷˡ
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Ҫ֪ǴûкøУʹҲˣҲһ࣬ݣץӦΪҪһ顣
߼˵Ҳ˵ͻףץĿģʲô
뽲ɡ
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ȴɻ󣬲֪ߣʲôӣֵҪ˵ʲô
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һ˵
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ĬĬİ仰УͬʱĿĪеľ硣
˷ķ֮ԴĪкıԴ壬ԽԽӴɡʮɡɡ
ĪеĻǧɣһؼɫˣ
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˾ϳĪеգ˼ĪУ֪ǿߡɽһǿߡң
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˵Уһɻ󣬿ʹεȥ룬Ҳ󲻵ʲôԭ
ˣȻɾ˵û˻ţ
ɽصķ֮ɲˣЪ˹Ļ


555 ج
ɻ˻Ҳˡͳѹ֡
Ȼϣңѽң㾹Ȼ⻯ڻȫһΣٴ̤𾳽ˣú
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ˣǸô죬ңǵ϶ᱩ¶ġ
ŨŨĵǣԭΪ޷죬ǼȥˣĪȴɽ磬ǣ
¶ΣʮӶʮɽѾǵǸɽ磬ҲǵǸڣʹң۷壬ΣҲ壬ֵַĶţҳԼ
Уȴ¶Ũҵâ

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ĪеıԴ壬ڷԴĹ£ԽԽӴ󣬶ڣӴļ£Ѿ·Ҫʵľ޴壬ʼѹ
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556 Ը
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ԵͷûзϣңһͻȻСϴζԼ˵һ常常Լǰߡ
뵽һϲҲЩĶ˵ߴˣҾȻˣСǲ֮ɽ
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ߵĻͬһֱݵԺըݵԺ˲һƬհףɫҲüΪҰס
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Լ׷ɱʱСۺԴԴϵ֧ԼǸʱݾ;ãСٶȺˣΪоӿԼڵǳۺǳĿ١
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һ˲䣬뵽ĪУ뵽Լ˵ҪĪƷңݵԺֳ˰ѩǵݡ
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ݡ
ĪиտڣͱݴˣĪУ㲻ȰңСЩҵİҲСΪҸô࣬ģѵͲΪЩѾ


557 ŭȥ
ĪУϣԭҲܺ㲢սˣҲѾָǰʵѾ㹻ʵȥ飬Ҳﲻ˶æҲͷˡ
ֻǣŲµģѩǣϣ㣬תѩǣ˵˵ˣҶԲǣҲܻȥҲ˳㣬չ˺ǣ
˵˵ţݸоʲôסƵģҲ˵
˳һĨӵǿһɸӵӿ˳ɶơ
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ĪУȻ֪ΪҺãҵѣСͬҵѣ
ߣޱȵĵ㶯ְɣֻҪԾȻС죬㴦á
ݱۣ׳ҡ
ˡ
󣬰е˵ȫһ飬ôΣЩ飬ܸȥе
ܹֵزҲ޻ˡ

ǣݱ۾ȴûеȵߵĶ֣ߵһ̾ݣӮˣֻҶһο飬ԸΪС츶оˣҲΥҵǾܾĻһֱĨɱ㣬ڹϲ㣬ͨˣ
ʲô˼
ԣȻۣ躮˼ǣƭңС첢û
֮£еıҲȥ֣ݴ仰Уƭ
ûֻһ飬СղűǿסˣȻôѪϵǿежˣ
ߵȻ˵ЩȻ˵Ҳ࣬С죬Ҹ鶼ȥ
˵ͷһͻȻоԼٴ˶СĸӦСڽ֮ɽһɽ
һʱ䣬ݵУӿ˷ŭ޷Ƶķŭ
ߣȻɷϣΪСãȻɷϣǿ󣬿Ҫ㣬벻Ҫ׵ȥƭˣΪ޷Ԥϣƭڱ˺жôллչС죬ҵѣҸм㣬ƭңȴ㣬㣬һ棬һζûеĿ棬ûѣûл飬ʹΪǿҲǿѣע¶
ķŭ޷ǳĳ壬ɣߵݣ˿ӣֱӶһͷ
ƭһӣľǱƭ
ֱŪĸоݸоһĪ裬ԼȥԴˣֻƭָо˭ϣҲòܡ
ĪУߣ޾ĽǻǸϿȥصɽҪȻҪĨɱ˰ɡ
ݶĪ˵˼
ԴˣĪĬĬֱӳһּٶȳԶȥգ۾뿪˽֮ɽ뿪ʮɽˮطȥ
һֱȫ뿪ȻͬһһݸղŵĻͬһļ⵶ݺݵĴʹΪԶоʹ
ϵģݵݵļΪǿߵ߲ûзŭ޾ĳ˼С
Σ磬࣬ȫα𣿡
С죬ǶԵġ
ɽУһ˵ૣĻصص

磬㲻ҪˣҲǹģ常ûоҵͬ⣬ͰҸˣ常Ҳûжġ
ڷеݣС켱е
СԸܵеǷŭ֮飬æĽ͵
С죬֪޹ģҲûй㣬ڻ飬ͲܺһˣںúõĴ޾ذɣأȻƭңͬԿӣǺĵģҲˣԺʱ䣬һġ
һʵϣʮɽУ侲࣬ҲûԹ޹С졣
룬ʵȫߣ޺ˮݣͲʲôβΣΪС죬Ҳ߸ͻԼмһˡ
٣߳־߶СܺãڼϣݺݺݵĶ߳һٺǹҲɢ˲١
ıģôҲ֮УҲԼռ˱ˣһ˵ǵһָŴ˵еߵıİɣԼҲԺһˡ
¶ЩԳЦݡ
ˣ֪Сû飬Ҳͷˡ
ݰ飬ȥĪиǵļƻɹһ룬ƷҲָտɴˣ


558 ɽ
Īеٶȷǳ죬ݱĪץסָٷݾȻоһϢĸо
ָоûٸܵˣ
죬ٶʵǿ쵽¡
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Īкݣֱӿأɽ磬Ͽա
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ǿߣںϷԴǷ򣬷Īеٶȣ˲ƣһĪпԵɽУֻκһзĵط
Ϊ˹˼ˣǳܲסּµٶȣĪпһ֮䣬һ˲Ϣɽ
ҲĪеٶȼ죬ɽУû̫֪Ѿˮɽ
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ݵĽܣôҶ鲻ԽĿĪУĪɢƣľѡ
һǿߣҲޱȣȻԽ뿴˵ɽһǿߡ
Ҹǲ죬ݾȻɽһǿйϵҹϵǸôãȻ֪
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559 ٸս
ûҴĿ꣬Ʒ
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560 Ƹ
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һΣȴݺĪе֮⣬ھǰƭ˻ᵹһͲõϾĪڷ֮ߵǰʥģ֪еż񱻱ѣǵȻҪսΪǵżս
ǵͿԿˣǲھأ˵ңأǰĪгΪЩ棬Կǵ̬ȡ
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ٴαѣһߵ
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ЩĪкݣԤϵˡ
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ңĪ죬̺𼶱Ľ֮Դң񽣾ͺȼ꣬ǰδеϵĵؿţԴԴ˳Ŀֲƻ
ĪкˣԱķ籩

ʱ仺ţеˣʣϣ֪Ľ֣Ρ
ˮߣҲʯٵֶθסˣǵʶԱŰ籩⣬̽Ρ
һʱ䣬ǶݺĪУܴܲŨصĺ档
СҲ֣ʱʱ̹̿עôݵĸӦݵϢޱȣǿͬҪȼյͷĵ棬·ʱҪ𡭡


569 л깶
磬һҪȥһҪ
СвϵĪеϲԡ
ʱʱ֮ã
ȻԱҲվɢʱʱԱƻ籩Űʱ֮á
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ȴ䶨һлָ糣ˮ߶գԱģĪһب飬գ
Īеıϣֻʣһ״̬ƯţϷң·ػݡ
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֮⣬һƬհ׺ޣΧԭܼʯɨһգշԲûκɳĴڡ
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ϸĻĪɫ԰ޱȣǿߣɫȻû˿Ѫɫǣ˿ԿĪеڲĻӵľȣĪھȫΣͬ࣬ĩѪҲըѿ
һ˵ѾεĴ˾ˣǿߵͨĪأɻǿǿάԼ壬ڣֻʣһƲл꣬ϸݲлϷңȻ޹⣬Ҳɡ
Ȼң񽣺ܵһжƽػƵģάֽ屾š

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ֻһУһֱһ̹սˮ⣬˭Ҳ֪

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ĪסƣҪ˿˳Ǵȫʱ䣬Ҫչؽ͹ʵ񣬶Ʈɾ
ĪзԸ֮˵ͽζлǵİæˣƮ죬ҲڵʱڣúðһؽЩΣҶˣ

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ǶˮӪˣϳսæѾǲսҲȥˮء
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Īеͷȵ鶼ԸĲˣĪ׼ȥ
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570 ƶ

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ĪкСУӿ˺Ȼ
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ĪвµĽ磬ȻɢɽϷƿһ޴ĶڣʶƯȥɸ߿գ
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571 
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572 
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573 ߽춯ɽ粻
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ߴ磬磬ûаǻӰԽԽһԤУ飬Ԫ½йأ


574 
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Ԫͨͨ˵Ԫɽ綼ϵпܣεĶĸԪ磬ҲԪ½
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΢ĩһͨڣڱݺճɷţᷭӡϼɵսǣݵĹԣʯԪ½ѤȴɲǵĹâü½ʿסǸǿʿ
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˷׷¶ݣǾʲô˼ǣǺˣǣֻ


586 ֮
Ƕɵϣ߻˼
֮ܣ
ǾǣǣһȺ֮ܣ
˵Ƶ磬ͺ磬ͺñɽУЩˣȴһֱΪ棬ؾȴ֪죬滹ɽ硣
ɬʱݡĪкУ֮⣬Ҳֻʣ޾Ŀɬˡ
ɽ磬Ǹ߸ϵǿߣԭΪѾվ㣬ͻȻһ죬ȴ֪ԭν㣬ֻǵһ¥ݰˡ
ɲԺ˵˵顣
죬ɬޱȵ˵
Ǿ㲻ʣҲǣΪѾѡ񣬱·ˣ
ߵĻֳ︡ѡ񣬱·ʲô˼
ʱѾ˵磬޽ַ־죬Իľ죬ÿһ죬һ磬磬Ҫƴ˲֪ٱֻΨһЩȱǣ죬ÿһ죬ƫһԣֱǡľˮ׹ⰵҲڣֻһԣŨǿģÿһ죬һߣǽλ
磬һ磬һ磬ǧԶԶԱ磬ѾǧȻ¡
ߣչֳһ½룬Ƶ磬˾ǱմѾ֪ʲôĵ
ԭһֱôһ硭
˵ĵף̾
˵֪ǸҲǿԶҲ֪飬ֻҪҲ˵ǵҲúܰݣΪҵ֮⣬ûˣ˺ǡ
Ҳ̾ǣԴ㣬ݣԴֻһжˣ飬ΨһϣȴˣʱҶĨɱ㣬ǣڿ֮ۺȴˡ
ߵĻߺĪһݣݡ
Ȼ磬ɱкβԣ
ü⾹ȻԼɱйأ
ҹԪ½ģΪҵĿģҵ磬Ȼ׳飬ޣɳ۷壬ҲſԱѩޣǣȴɱһжˣ֪磬һֻޣǶôѵú󣿣
˵˵ţЩļҲ֣Ϣ
Ӱ쵽硣
˵ǻ飬ֻޣ
ݾ˿ֲ飬Ȼֻһֻޡ
ҪȻΪƾ㷨ƿߵԻɱˣųƿԻĵĻ飿
߷ʡ
ƿߡ桭
ݺĪˣѾȫȻһһİֻ㣬ԽԽͷԡ
ұϣƸ۵Ҫƻȴȫƻˣڿ˻ۣ֮ڣѾҸˣ
ߵĻһ
ʼǰҳΪʼߣ׿ɲ˵ϸϸһ㣿
ˣûô£Դô໰Уֻ˽⵽һЩϢ
ڵ磬һƵ磬ĺ磬硣
ϴεǳɽ綯ңΪǰԳΪһ֮Ĵ񣬹鵼µģң֮飬ƺϵߵһЩƻ
֪ģ˶ѡ
ϸһ㣬Ǻðɡ
ԣˣǻͻʵʰЩ֪Ϊʲôɱ㣬ȴҪЩ𣿡
ΪҵĻɱˣҵϣѾûˣ㿪ۣ֮ȴҿһϣԣǣҵϣ
ߵĻһݡ
˻
Щ
ȴɵ飬Ҫˣ
ߵ˵ˣﶸȻһһ
ʲô飿
ӲͷƤ׷ʵ
ɱˣɱ˺죬ÿһλ
ߴ˻һϷ׷ˢıɫ
ǰǲڿЦҲ˵ˣҲֻСϣλӦжǿޱȵЩСϣôɱˣֻ룬ͨͨĹӡ
һۣվ
ɱλ
ɵӶóλǺεȵǿǰ߿Դһ磬ȥɱλԼȥ
ˣ뵽
ѾûоܾȨˣǾͲǵľܾĨɱ㣬Ĩɱеˣ
ߵõͳɭȻ


587 ѡ
Ҫ֪ĴôǶ񣡡
ԣɫޱ䣬ŭĨɱ𣿣
綼ҪˣǺϣˣĨɱǡĮ顣
㣡
Ҳ˶ԷݣŭĿ㲻ǴʵǸǿôԼȥɱ
ңҲڼʮǰұеÿһ˶Ҫǿ󣬿ǣǾŸ׷ɱʱֻӶݣǿаԼԼһεĵطŹ͵ţһ
Ҳ˵ܲܰһһɱ͵ΪѾҵںΪһѾעҸ޷ȥԼȥɱǣ
ұƵ·Ҳֻ˱Ȫһ
Ȼһ̾ҲǸӦϢԭҲΪˣҰѵںĵõĻҵɳȵﵽ۷ʱҰУǶں˵һ޴ѣҲܹѩޣϧƻȴˣ
ߵĻԽԽ˸е𾪣ݣڲҪôŭңΪҲĨɱǣ˶ãǾλҲʱǾҵ綼ҪҪʮˣҼʮˣҪҵҲӦÿ˰ɡ
ʮˣҲͷҲ˵һ
ݻĴҡ
ǻ𣬾ǹǧһ꣬Ƕܻģ
ԣͻȻЦ֪ΪʲôΪҵϣÿһ˶ĶҵõⶫϲΪڿԴﵽ˵еľ磬û뵽ȴŷ䵽أⶫϵǾŸ˵δֻҪõǾͿΪ˵еĻ֮磬룬಻𣡡
˵һ˶ֵĻ
֮ں磬룬಻𣡡
뵹һʲô˿ֲãУЩҪʶʶֶ
ֻǣҲڵǣЩλĴڣֻϣһӴΪϣҲֻεĽˡ
ԣǾŹҵģֻҪһҵ磬ˣᱻ̸Ц䣬ҷ𣬶ǣѡ˵֪Ǹ֪࣬飬ǣһּ尾
߼˵
ǣǿԸ⡢һ
˵ʱߵ񣬱óãͺñ̫ɢȶҫ۵Ĺâ
ǣֻССϣȥƴ
ݺĪǣЦ
ݣҹ۲ܾˣҶû뵽ƵȻôһ˲ţ㲻˻֮ͨңǰһɿգҲ֣ͨͨ㻹ϣɱŴλֻǰǣԷɿĳɳǻûҵʱ򣬳ɳԻɱǵľ磬ϣϣǴҵϣ㲻뿴ѣ֪ɱɣ
ߵĻȫݵߣ飬壡
ô֪˵ǲģ
ݿߡ
ΪʲôҪƭ㣬ƭʲôôңȥ˺磬Ȼ֪˵ģǲм٣
ߵĻݵ˸ԥ
ĪкߵҲ˿ԭΪɱħɽǰˣͷĳ֣ȴǵһذըôҲ޷
ãҴӦ㣡
ͻȻ̧ͷߣᶨĵֻǣϣ԰Ѻ飬ǣ˵ģʲôƿߣʲôͨЩǶһϲͨ
ݣ
Īк߿ݣֹ
ѾѡЩ飬˳еһˣһѣҲϣܵ˺٣ҶҪȥ
ݵĻԶԡ
ҪȥһӵͨһӵоԵĸǺʣһϹ޵ڤ룬ֻǱҲƵǵ˺磬ضΪҲҲ԰ݵæ
߻ĵ
ȥȥ
Īеͷ
ܾûôȤˣ
߳Ƭ̣ͻȻԼ촽¶ЩаЦȻûشȴҲĬһͬС
ݵľ壬ڷಢûĲУҲԣ˵˵ˣ
ˣﶼˣԼôѡ񣬲Ӧ˵ﻹһǻѪͱѡ


588 
ãҾͺ˵˵Ұ͹ȥҲԸõȥ
ߵͷʿΪȼߡƿߡߡλģ֮𣡡
ν𾳽磬ʵֻǷƿߵʵߣµ⣬֮𣬾Һ˵ģǿߣҲֻڴ˵У˭ҲûĴﵽ֮ľ磬٣ûҺŴλλʵ
ʵ˿⣬ӵеͨҲǳҪͨĴ󾳽磬ͨͨͨͨͨ
Ǵ󲿷ֶսͨͨħħɻ꣬ѾڰͨķΣݣݵ츳ͨͻۣ֮ͨҲҿԭΪλҲֻʩչͨڴͨ˭ҲûмʶֻǴţӵдͨǿߣһ䣬ͿԱһ죬ģ

ôİϢ˸оԼ۽С֮һţҲźĵ֮Ϣ
ʱ߰ѴŵϢȫһ飬ŻȻȥðɣʱ䣬֮Ҿǿдƿռ䣬ǽ磡

˳ɽ֮ϣħϢ
ɽڣɽһƬУе˸ߺĴ𣬶ݺĪлصң߻صС
ǵ飬á
ݣǻˣ
ݺĪеĹһϲãңĵǣȴһĪйȥߺң˫𣡡
ɣ޽ң
ĪеЩɬǰͦˣЩȴ֪ǿ޻Ц
ԴߵĻǾ֪죬ֻϰĴڣȴ˵ʲô˫Ӳ࣬Уӿ˿ɬ
ȴҺĪУˣҪչصϢ
ݶ԰˵ͬʱĪзֱѡ˸һɽ½󣬿ʼϢ
˵ɽĴ𣬶ڵϢƣˮأһۣ۲أûм꣬Ҳָ
һºݡĪк߶Ȭݸоָ۷״̬ûٴأͰһ𣬼򵥶ƽ
ȻϲѣǣܸоݵЦУܲűס˸кꡣ
ûʣȴĵ
ֹЩ죬Īҵߣһ¡
ߣһȥɽֻʣˮһǿߣ룬ңΪһˣҲš
˵⡣
޺ƽദݵһԸǰͨ飬ѾûʲôƽˣҲӦôʲôӺ͵жԡ
ݣУֻңˣҲţ
ҡҡͷֵ˵ϲҲΪˮ˼£һߣû˽Ķ֣ȺϲҲԿʵĲµģҵҺ£Ҫܵѹ
ǿǴҲ߰ػԼˮͿˣǴ˴ǰȥǰæΪ£ôһС£ҲԸæģ
ݼ˵
ϲ飬˿˵ĶеǵѺãȻټĹ涨ƽȵԼ֮ģö֮ڹƶȵ£ϰ߳ΪȻ޺࣬Ȼƽ棡
˫Э飬ݡңͬʱɽ߿գɽңߵϣӴ󾳵ػͨңȻǿĹ
һʯǧˣеˣޣεشĸסˡ
ڼĹ£˺޶ûˮǷҲֳĬ
ӣָֻƽң˵飬ðǸеĲѰϵݲ¶꣬вԤУŨҡ
£һգ۵飬ǵڶʮ죬󣬾Īߵȥʱˡ
ʱңڿݺĪ»󣬰źһкҲڣðѩХ׵ˣңĴڡ
ĪҲڳݿЩ׵ˣһʱ䣬ԿڣˣҲʶҪʲôʲôǶϬĳĬĬĿݡ
ƽҺĪУҪ뿪ˣ


589 
뿪
еˣˢˢĿݣԶ
ݣħѾ䣬˵Ѿûʲô˰ɣټǵΪѾɽҲӦûжҪ˰ɣΪͻȻҪ˵뿪أ
Ļʳ˵ɻ
飬˵ӣ֮ܶҺĪУߣҪ뿪뿪ɽ磡
ӿһĨɬֺγңڣǣǲȥƴһѣߵĻɽ磬綼ᱻŴλһʱ˻ֻķݡ
ΪǰЩˣݾãԼѡǶԵġ
ʲôҪȥ
ԶҲ֪飬ԶԶûôݵĻȻڸǣ£ܸ棬Լ
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˵öԣ֪Ǹеʱ֪ˣͱҪΪ˸ۡ
ͬݵˣ縺Σû·
ǣҪòſԻ
ĵʵ
Ҳ֪꣬ǧ꣬ꡭ˫ֳŶͷԽԽͳ
һ˸ѹֵڳ⡣
ݣܲܡҪȥ
ѩ̲סĳ
飬Ǳȥû·
ҡҡͷһҵĳŵ䣬ʲôʱ֮ܶһģһ
ݵ񣬼ᶨޱȣΣһģ
ݵǰѩˣ׷׵ѡĬ
ǣģ
ѩÿһˣ˵
ģ
򵥵ĸ֣̫棬򵥵Ļȴ¶˼ֿУʱʤ
ҹ˾ѩϬݵķ䣬һҹࡣ
գݡĪСңϣȴһĹȥȥǴӴҪ̤һû·ĵ·ΨһǰΪãȥƴܶҲǣΪ磬Ψһ飡
ֻҪ޺ԡ
ߣ֪СôˣȥС졣
ѾܾûпСˣվЩŲ£С˵ֵܡ
СڱչҸҪȥϢ£ȫħһƴ
һ̾
ϣСԺúõġԣĬãŵ
ţǿ
ĪͻȻ˵޾ط
ԣҲȥ޾ط֮ϣͻȻɫƶԽԽࡣ
ţ·һںɫĹȻ
ɽ絽ôˣһͻĴڣ
⶯ܿɽ˶ˡ
ѽӣͻ㿴޾ؽ֮ɽλá
ҲҪ𣿣
Īкݵͻƣ죬ҶЩľˣ˻Ǹ̾ѡ
С쾹Ȼͻˣ
ݡĪкˣȴסˡ
ȻСȫƤëѾð죬ͬڤĻ棬һ˫޴գȴתɫĹâڻ򣬷֮
ַԴʼС𾳽硭
ӿʧɫм֤Ϊ𾳽

һͨ쳹ص޺ʱٵţеĹâȫӿССӴȻˣΪƯڰУ
޳ͣɫսһϮƮһͷɫ棬ߵаСȴ⣬밵ȫ⣬ֻ˫ӣȴɢȼİɫ
޾صޣݣ߷ĵľ⡣
ǿߣſԵõأСʱͨ죬ɢʵɼһߡ
硭
Сңңӿϲãһ룬Сʧڽ֮ɽϿգϢ֮ȴңݵıϡ
磡
Сһӵ
С죬ͻŶЦŵСͻƣȻǳĸˡ
常
˷ֿС쿴ߣ常Ҫһȥ
С
ҡҡͷ飬ǲǴзǳΣգֻϣ㣬Դػһ壡
һҪȥ
СȴһҡͷᶨĵҪ͸磬սף
С졭
ݺĪҪȰ˵ͬһʱ䣬ȴͻȻһǵԺǰڻϷ֮ͬޣټͬϹѪкܴİһȥɡ
ߣҲĴߣ
ݡĪкɫ΢΢һ䣬׷̾һãС죬ĸˣһȥ
ĸǰ磬Ϊ˶սΪսҪӮһ


590 Թ
޵һ죬û˿Ŷȥ
峿ո¹һ꣬ʪ󣬿ŲϢʪ컹ʣ»ûȫɢȥǣҲ¹⣬ľ
ңΧѩХˡϹٷķޣԶƮ졢ٵһмʮˣΪͱ
գȥ硣
ĸ˵ͷߵĻ
ң
̧ͷ˿޾գЩ׵ˣΨһĳŵ
ۿЩ죬ȴǿգͷ
ԹһᣬĪСߺС߰ɣ
תɲǣѩҲ̲ס˹ȥӵסݣ޹ǵ֣˲;
תס˱С֣ۿЩʣһʱʡ
һ̣һֳ嶯ĳ嶯ݻǿֳ嶯ֵֻ¶ȣ·Ҫģɿ֣תȥ
߰ɣ
Īеˣգ۱ʧ˵С
һ̣еˣȫ񱻳ƵģȻÿһ˵С
Լи
УԳͤЪ۴߷ִ࿴ۣʣȥȥǧ̲سԹ𣬸ǿڡ

գݺĪеĸһ̣Ѿ֮ϡ
׼׼ˣҾͶˣ
߼˵û˿ĵ
׼ˣʼɡ
˭ҲûµΨֱǰ
ã
ߵͷҾʹͨǽȥ磬ǿƣܲܲɱλһеһУңбҪһ飬Ǿǣȥ׽ѣǳȥҪٻҲ˵ܲҵ磬ҵ磬ҲֻдﵽλʵſԴͨ˵أ
ߵĻǵɴ۾
ֻдﵽλŻԻ˵ûдﵽλǸزˣ
׷뵽
ǣʱѾû·⣬ҲҪȥ巽·;
֪ˣʼɣ
ĸˣΨнˡ
ףǺˣ
˵գͻȻҵĲɽ硢ߴ硢Ԫ½ûһ䣬ȻĲе˶Ϊд鷢ˣ
˻ֵ̿ʱ֮ϣͻȻѿһ޴ͨͨĵͬͨԨڣǰδ
ץʱ䣬ȥҪǱǾŴλ֪ˣǾ鷳ˣ
߼еĶĸ˴ߴٵ
ԣҲ֪¹شµǰʲôҲҪȥֻߡ
ĸһ޷˵ĳڶС
ںڶеʱ䣬ǳĶݣȴָоޱȣݵ˼ѾƮ˹ȥǰ
ݴûԼߵڡ
ڣ޾ԼƿԼݵôļ򵥣ݳǵʱܵʹĥ̤֮·ԽԽݵĿƣݾͺһСۣھκУΪ棬ΪɶŬ
һ·ննɱħΪˣǸ򵥵룬һֱŬţ죬ڳɹˡ
ƽƽ򵥵ԼİˣԼ˹Сӣʵ޳ݻûüˣߵĳ֣͸¶Ϣȴݼһò̤·;
·;˵ңԶޱȣȴֲòɡ
ʹһ޵ʹΪ˱Լˣݲò縺ʹ
ҵҲ򵥲ֻϣԼ˽ǣֻϣǿԼ򵥵ңڵô򵥵룬ȴΪʲôôʵ֣
ݵ˼ϵƮɣôĥѣû뵽ȴû߳ຣ磬ȴҵģֻʲôսŴλÿһͨ쳹صĴܣֻССϣɱǣ˵İΣ
ɵ¶һЩã
ɵݵԺֳ︡ǵӰʱãһţȡ֮ģޱȵļ
ʲôսҶη壬ôˣȥˣʲôûоһΣȻܹȥսһ죬һվ۷壬ǲ죬ҲвңأҲ޷κεңʱ򣬾ңڵʱˣôһģ


591 
ƾһɺֻҪоԵʵԼͿԱסԼҪˣԼͿԲףвɣңڣ
磬ɣ

ŵʱͻȻĸ˶еһأѾ뿪ڱͨһ
⣬Ǻ𣿣
ƯڿУĸ˺ĴΧĻ
Χɽ͵䣬ľ񣬺ɽ粢û̫𣬲ǸоĲͬǣĿռṹ֮Ҫ̺Ũࡣ
ͺñɽͨƵģңĸ˷֣ƬУķ֮ɽķ֮Ҫǿ̺࣬İ壬Ҳࡣ
ףΪʲô˵ǸǲƵ磬ǣǸȫûгͣ磬͵磡
ھɰǧ꣬ĵ̣Щ༸͸ġ
էҪСΪϣ֪λ棬Ǻľһ죿
ĪоĿ˿Χ˵ǿɲǾǿߣںǵʵֻǺͨĴڡ
˵ֲߡƿߡߡλ翵Ļ֮
ĸˣڷƿߵʵֻѡ
棬ŨƫԣӦͷ˵ģ죡
ݱ۸һؼķṹȴ֣ԷŨ˺֮ܶ࣬ۺȣҲԿ
ݲ²ĺҲ࣬죬أӦþ׵ˣ
ߵͷͬݵĿ
죬ߵ˵֮ߣӦռǲ֪Ȼ˵۸ӣǣ˵֮ǿ
ĪҲ
Щ޹ؽҪҪǣڸô죿
ݻܣһʱ֣ǽ磬ȴ޴֣һļƻûС
ô죬ֻһһȻ죬ȳְɣǻԼʵɣҪȻţ
Ī˵˵ţͻȻɫһ䣬ݺСߣɫ׷һ䣬ΪǷ֣ԶǿҵĲ𣬹âĽȻڽһս
ǴսҪĸˣͲǱսܣٳܿҪˡ
죬ʱը׳׺Ȼ£ҲħХɷͨ죬ɫâɫâײռ䶼ΧɽͻΪ촷ۡ
ǸҪǷǣߣ
ǿɲ뱻˵׼ˣǣһȴ죬ֻʮ˱ʮµȺŹʮ˵ֵס߷ɱɱۺ죬ֱʩչɰǧ׳ףȻϺɰǧֵޱȵĿ㣬ֱӰҲȥ
ߣ
˳֣Ѳļ׵סμ˸Ѿڼ֮⡣
ں磬Ȼ˲ƣȴܷң˲ƵľҲСˣ
ԣѡ˷У
ղɢĲǰԵģһͬסǣҪˣ
һ۵ͷ˷Ը׷ϵ
ĸȴķ֣Ѿ˾ŵӴʶסˣܵĺǣǶӦõ
׷Ҫĸˣ
ʮУֳʮ׷ݺĪеˣʮ˿ԺҲǲһ
Ǻĸֵܹȥ˶󣡡
ʮڵҲݷ˹ȥ
ģҽ磬ôѲ飡
ĸ˸оһǿƺ˼ˡ
ڸղŵʯ֮䣬ǴŰЩ˵ʵȫʮ۵ˣʮɾˣֿ˵Ƿߣȫ𾳽磬Ҳں˷ԴΪƿطԴķƿߣ
׷ϵļʮ˵Уʮɾ⣬ʮȫǷƿߵΪ
ʵһɶԱȡ
ǲ̾ȻǺ磬ҽ̶̲ϢͿʮƿߵĴڡ
Ҫ֪ЩƿߣһɽУЦɽߣ˺ʱ䣬ȴձ
һʱ䣬ûּܹȵķңҲûʱȥЩҪģδӺ⼸ʮɱ۵


592 ճڣȺ
ιֵܣҪȥǱߣǱڵĴӪܣڵĵ̣ǱȺڼߵĺˣκβˣ
ʱ򣬺ʮۣڷǣǵ
Ҳǵͬ
źֵܣҪǣҪǳϹϵܣ
ݰɲʲôʲôڳϹϵ
˲ǵźǰȥ
һ룬ȴһ䣬ǰԶƺƵٸˣҪȥķɱһɱڵģ
ʦ֣ȺڵħޣȻǱϮˣףﻹĸĸһͬ
һңָߵ
ϣ
˳ʦֵһӣ˺ƺƵͺ׷ļʮˣǰ
ոȥ
ĸˣҲ̲ס˴ֿڡ
ⶼ˭˭ˣˣʮǿߣǿʵĸͷƤЩ飬ٿʮħޣ֪˵ڵĵȥ
Ҳܣ
Ҳѡ񣬵ת򣬸ʮħ޵ĺ棬ܡ
ʱڵĵȻɱۣ͵ĻᶼûУΣƲѣǸ˹ȥ
ǻʦͱ׷ɱ
ĸЦãȴһ߷ɿӶݡ
ڶ࣬ĸ˵ٶҲϢ˾׷ʮڵĺˡ
ˣǷƿߵΪȺУȻǿҲݸǲκһˡ
ݿӵͨˣߵĻ˵ͨõԿ羳ɱУ
ݣͬȼУ˵ң
Ҳ߶ݷǳõԭ
ַַ֮Ƶ˺ը𣬴׳ףһǵأնȾɫǿĵʶ졣
˻ЩˣȻչ֣еĹ£ǾǸеǿĵ͸ǵķأȫһ飬彩ӲٶȶһЩ
磬Ҫ˲ߵ
С챳˫ȻĴٶȼ죬ϣȼİĻ棬ǴĹû˿¶ȴ쳣ֲĵڤ𣬸մ
ɣѾȫʶֲɽ磬˲һΣûôԶҪܴģʶǣ׷İ취
ҡͷߺĪУҲͿ͸һ㡣
˵ûдʱ˲ƷûôãǵٶȣԸǴ´࣬Һٶ϶кܴƣΪϹޣСٶϣԿЦˣ
Īһ߳ſ֣һ˵
ֵǣסǰڵĵˣѾźˣȺαӵɪ˶õģ
ʮеͷˣʩչ汼ڵ˶Ժһһ߹ʿ
ڵαӣб¾ͼ׷ɣ
ڵˣҲԺ漸ٸڵĵӼ
Ȼǰĺɫ𣬹ħһ޴ĺɫ£ɫħɵ峺ĸ߿УԵ˴ۺ졣
ңǰƵϢԶĴ˳ѹÿһ˵ͷ
ãڴǰ֧Ԯˣ
ڵٵӿĺɫº󣬲׷ױɫ
ǰ͸¶Ϣ֪ǰ֧Ԯˣɲֹһ
ǿˣ
ڵ˶˵תæˡ
ѾǧѾɿĴǰ˹׷˹ȥ
һʱ䣬ɫȻǧԭء
ڤ˭
ڵͷ֮ˣͿݣȥϸߣҲһϮֻۣΨһͬǣؿڣһɫ±־
ʱͷ֮˿ˣϵĮ飬ͬʬףʮͷĿʵ
ͷ֮˿ݵʱҲڹ۲
ǿƣ⣬Ѿͻ𾳽磬ﵽߵʵ
𺧲ѣģһʵҪǿǿߡ
˵ߣڴ֮¡֮ϣһͿγΣҲ̤λʵ
ߣԷƿߵĻһ浹ơ
ƿƿط򣬶ֱ׷ͬһַߵĻƿ߶ߣֵĻᶼûС
˵ڿԼʱ򣬷һĨɱһֵĮп
뻢ڣȺ
ݴʱ֪ÿ޻Цݿɲ׼ЭޱȣȫĿı仯


593 ҹ䳤
⡭⣬ҹ䳤ϣǣǲǵͬ𣿡ڤԣ㵵ĵ
ֿ˿ǣͷһЩŵĸղűһ׷ɱҲʩչԣһΪڵˡ
ԣǷһۣҪǣǿܱ׷ɱ𣿣
ǣЩǶȻ˵ھĿڵĳ档
׳գ˶ͳһɫۣ
ҹ䳤ϺɸֵһƳƳĸˣ˵ķƫڰڷ򣬶ͺͰڷû˿ϵǺڣûκεĹϵпЩڼˣļϸѺȥ˵
ҹ䳤ϵУŲɣ
ӣ
仰֮󣬾֪Ҳû·æ˵ͺȵ
ٲߣͳˣ
ĸϬԭѾ׼ΪԷһ֪ĸ˲䱬ֱӳ󷽱ˣ
ˢ
ĸһ쵽Ӱ󷽷ӡ
Ҫӣ
ҹ䳤ϼֻʣµһƤϣĳ¶˼ʵĲм˵׷
ĸƿߣҪǧİΧߣҹҲҪߣô

ǧڵĵӣ˵ǵķ׷˹ȥҹ䳤ʶһһΪģסĸˡ
ȣͬ飬һĨĺǧڵӵϷ·èϷһг
ٶȼ죬ǧڵȻƿʵǿߣǵٶȣѷˣۿԽԽ
·
ڳ߸ϵͳ죬ң˿񱼵Ĺ죬һ

ԭǧɵɫĶ飬һΪΪһ׷ݣһֻΪ˵Ҳ߼л
ã
ѺԽ˦ԽԶˣȴû˿ϲΪͷѾоͬĻѹеʶ
Ǹߣ
ĸ˰ߵ꣬ǿ̫࣬ǣܵĺǣҹ䳤ҲԸоǵĴڡ
Ѳʵ̫Ѳˣ̤磬в
ĸ˻Щֲɽ飬ȴɫһ䡣
ԭ׷ɱڵһǧڵӣѾǰ˹պúӭסǵȥ·
ãӲܣ
ݸߺǣɨΧʱȴĹɴ˷ĳΧסͬĵɫݣɿƽǵĿռ䣬ɿѹС
ɱȥ
ͨȼİĻ棬Ȼһ°ϵŭ

ԭȻһ䣬һҪľ޴ڤ룬ƾճĸ߿֮ϡ
ͬһɽĵڤ룬ȫȼڤĺɫ棬ΧĿռ䣬յŤĿռ䱻գ¶ռڶЩռڶȴκβӴϹޣ
ޣ
ҹ䳤ԭ򶨵ɫ΢΢һ䡣
𣡡
СҲ쳤ХڤһСĳ׷ʨҲڸ߿֮ϣͬڤ棬˫֮ͬľ޴˫棬ȴпơ
һͷϹޣ
ҹ䳤ǻɫͫףһ£
ƴˣ
ݺĪеı󣬷׷޴񽣣ɷ֮Դͽ֮Դ۶ɵ񽣣ƥɱ
ɱ
ĸˣ׷ѡǰΪͻƿڣ
䣡
ֱԼǿƣȻץȥͬʱѪȻſһڤĻͬԣӴҪһǰǧ˾С
һ룬ӴֱӰʮײɳȥСҲʾ˫һչϯȥȻʹġʴꡯΪƣ
Сֱӻʣһռкѿһ룬СѾǧ˴У˫צ˫ݣβͣ
ݺĪУͼ˺ܶ࣬ξ籩ֱϯǧ˴У޴ǧ趯ÿһ趯Ѫȷ磡
ĸˣǧ˴ȻһӴϣסǣ
磬ݡĪСС졢϶ſֲƺս⣬Ĺսںһ𣬸һ޼᲻һǰƣ
ǧ˴棬ʮƿʵǿߣģǷߣЩߣ󲿷ֶɾǿߡ
绢ȺϢмʮɾǿ߱ɳȥʮֱӻҷ𣬶ģȫˣ
ռϷˣһѼ⵶ȻǰͻƣҪɱһѪ·ͻǿǸûзӦ


594 ͨ
ʵ£Ҫǻˮ㣬ƿʵĵӣȺǣӣ֧Ԯ
ҹ䳤ϿޱȣɵĶ˿ָӵ
ĸ˼򵥵һ棬ֱӵĸɵʮӣҹ䳤ɫѿ΢΢鴤
ҲҿЩӣͼߵӡ
ҪȻҹ䳤Ͽ϶ʹˡ
ҹ䳤ϵճЩԭͱŵľεѵķߵӣ糱ˮ˿ûǵİְţӽʮƿֱӶĸˣ
䣡
ʮ࡮ͨͨȼķ̺Ÿʴĺɫ򡢴Żĺɫ̺ƻĺɫԻ÷ԻȵȵĹǵصĳĸ˺˹ȥ
ЩǴŹХر˺ҹռΧеһУɢȥĲΪޣеĲľ飬ֻմһ˿ȫޣήΪ촷ۣ
ɫһ䣬ʮ൱𾳽ǿߺһľҲɵһ
һҧݡĪеߺС죬׷ʩչֵĹӭ˹ȥ
ۡ
ʣһƽʮͬȼǿߣʵ⣬ĸˣֱӱǵصĹɳȥڵѪ
ҲڵӣȴѾΧ
ƴˣ
ĸ˶֪Ҫˡ
û뵽ո̤磬Ҫս棬ΨпЦǣĸĸǿߣҲսȥ
һ̣Ǿ
ڤ޾𣬷ţɣڤ޻𣡡
ͻȻ쳤Хϵڤ֮ͬԭ֮Ȼķǣ޾Ļ泯˷ӵȥ·Ҫȼ磬еһжմ·Ҫյޣ
һȦһȦĻ棬ͬһ˳ɢһػ棬סеĵӡ
ߵĿ£ЩԶȥݡСĪˡ
ͨ
ҹ䳤΢΢鴤ҲС棬
һ·ҪϯĺڰĻԼ˷֣
ռ䱻ܷգ֮գеһУھڤ޻ȼճޣɾڤ޻ɫĻϣɫĻˮͬһȦȦˮЩ
ĵӣȴ꣡
æԼķ֮;ڤ޻ķշԿһ
ƿ˻˵ȴЩʵĵӣػ棬ֱýӽλ߷ճޣˣȻûȴˣ
ڤˣϡ
СҲʾȻһͬ˵Ĵ
СӴͬתݣȫĻתֻһգۣ޾Ļûһֻڷˣȫԡͬһǧ˵ڵУ
һ𣬵ȵʵʰķɢСһ˸οնٴξ磬絶ɱϯȫ
򽣹ڣ
Ц
ݺĪϬͬʱ𷨾ͬķּͬʱɷ
ϣ
ͻȻƾ񽣳ʵĻ콣
ಣ
֮ϣͻȻ̳޾񽣣ЩÿһźǵĹâɱͬһſ貵ǻ䣬һưĽ꣡
ÿһâ̺žԵĽ֮壡
ģݺĪеһһХ

ݺĪЦЦкѲǵһֹɣʵķ鱻ʵЦ
ء
տХ·ݺĪУһЦֲͬתĵƬ͵ĸÿһ˶Ĥÿһ˵ꡭ
ŰͬʱݺĪдЦȻͬа㣬ʵķȫγͬ磬˫£ΧŰ
ĸˣȫųֵľУ
ʲôȫǰͨĸ˶ֻǷƿߣôȫհͨʲôʱ򣬰ͨôֵǮˣ
ҹ䳤ϵɫóѿĸˣʩչֱͨʧҵķߵӣǧƿߣ߰ˣʮҲ˲ǳˡ
ʧҹ䳤ʹѣڵ֪ˣ϶ŭҲҹ䳤ܵ飬ʧôء
ҹ䳤ϻصţô
Ҫǣģĸ΢ķƿߣ
ŭˣҹ䳤ϳ׵ķŭˡ


595 ֮
ĸ˲֪ǸղŵսǴ˳ȥĻԻúκһ˸е̾𾪣
ĸƿˣȫ˰ͨһٻɱٷߣлɱ˵ģλͬΪƿߵˣ
Ϣ𺳣սˣ
ˣҹ䳤ŭ
ⲻ֪ˣɽж۷ɽǸƵġȫȱɳﵽ𾳽磡
һ㣬˵ÿһ˵ʣǿ򵽰巨ҲȻģ
ҹ䳤Ҳ򶨲סˣģٲ֣µĵӣ͵סĸƿߣ
СݵĲ񣡡
ҹ䳤һƵĺڰ֮޾ĺڰĻֱӳĸ˾˹ȥڰĻ޾Բ޹ߣڰĻסĵط˰ڷ⣬ķ򣬼ȫżȥ
ҹ䳤ϣߵǿߣھˣ
ĸ˵İͨ·ֱӱȥеɢΣ
ˣߣ
ݼһֱûжֵķ߶ˣɵĶ˺
ˢ
ĸ˶˵ҪӺò״򿪵ȱڵĳȥ
ʱǺڰĻͬһž޴ĺڲһǡһɫޱȣͬһˮһ߰㳯ĸ˲ȥ
ߣסǣ
ݶ˺ֻоëȻϢٿת겻Ҫӿ˫ۣ츳ͨһɿճͣ
ƴˣ
ﱩһ
˫ۻΪ̫ͼ֮תΪʱ䡢ռ䷨ȥ
Χʱ仺лƣʱȴȻһѪ·ػȻ׷ɳȥ
ݣ
ڷɱĪе˾æȥס׷ɵݣ񱼡
ڰУڵӵ£ʶҲ·
Ҫҵܣҹ䳤Ųм
ҵ̫С츳ͨסôˣرǷߣҵ츳ûгͣͲˣ
ӿ˿ЦʱѹƣҲ׼ܣ츳ͨһɿնκβǣĸˣû취
Ψһİ취ܡ
츳ͨȻһɿȻɶԷǧӣǧ滹нӽٵķƿߣңҪǣҹ䳤ߡ
ҪһһɿסڶǿĴڣݵûôǿԣʩչǳѣ
ʱ䷨ֲסҹ䳤ϣ˼εķƿ
ն
ʱҹ䳤һӣԭ޾ĺɫϢͻȻһγһͬ°ľ޴У
ջȻһеĺڰϢȫʧΨһ޴ĺɫ͵УɢĵĹ
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ҹ䳤ȣಡ޴ĺɫεУֱӰѿռչһ޴Ĺ֣˱ȥ
ɫεںȥʱ򣬾סˣǽ˸ǹ켣α䶯ɫεУ֮䶯ӰΣ

ȻʱʻȻʣΧԭżķ֮ͽ֮Ҳָĸ˵Уȴһؾ޴Ӱš
һɫεУɢͬ˵Ϣһļµĸо
ɢɢ
æ˷Ը
ĸˣɢǣǱ޴ĺɫУҲͻȻһΪģÿһסһˣ޿ɱܣ
ߣԷʹѾǿޱȵľ磬ڷ֮ϣȻС
аް취ݺĸˣ׷׻תӲӲʩչԺ˹ȥ
¡¡
ռΧɽͻΪޣռĸֱӱɳȥ
ҹ䳤ϣ˫߼ͻȻչһ˫˵ڿлķȣ˲ڿһӣ׷ĸˣ
塪֮Σ
ҹ䳤ϵ˫ȻһƬ֮ɫɫ˲סݡС졢Īкˣ
ˡ
ĸˣһԭͺɳȥĪһͬϳͨĳ·׹䣡
ǻɫĹֱ֮ӴһɫΣȫ룬ʧȥĲٿأʱʹȥ
֮Σڰͨ꣬Ǵѷĸ˱նɣ⧲֮£ʱС
ǣѺţ
ʱڵĵѾס׹ˡ
ҹ䳤ϼ״һӣеڵӣ߸裬ѺѾԵˣʦڡ


596 
һʱѾһȫڵĻڡ䣬һʶʶĳΧ̽˹ȥ
ǣһ룬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֻоԼ֮ʯ󺣣Ӱ٣ʧȥã
Ȼʶ޷ʩչ
вޱȣΧһƬκݵһθоڰĸо
ǰʹûµĺҹҲܹ죬ڣȴȫһƬ
ʶ޷ʩչ˵ۡ
ƾоݸоǿһоκεֻ֮޾ĺڰ
Ǻڰס
ĪУС졭ݺͨɵ
ݣû°ɣ
磬ҪҪ
ŵĵףһů
û£ⲻں񣬱סˣ
˵
ǿߣȻסˣǷɽУ϶ᱻΪһЦʲôطסܵǿߣ
ǣʵͰ
Һ常Ǻڰ򣬶ںڰԣǿԿһЩ
СĻһȫյңΧ˸ķûֻ֮ʣ޾İڷЩڷһЩʶӾﶼûʲôã
ȻˣСĻݺĪпЦߵûŻǣɽ磬Σ̫ࡣ
ңЩ޲ߡ
С˵ûдȴרŹѺ˵İ޿ӡ
ǰڷģһսǣЩȴǴİڷӦԣֻķģſȫķ֮СߣȻԷӳһʵǣȴƿзӳֵ
ϣھ˵ġˣ
Ī̾һ⡮˵ײг̶ȣڡħǵڱţʱȥ
ƿصĸо˶ǳˬңȴ֮
˵磬죬
ֱΪʥħ
ƽ͡ţĴԿանߣͨҲĵ;һڰߣħмз죬ȴɱ¾ϣѪ쳣ݣˮݣʥͷ࣬Ψһǣͬħ˰֮⣬Уħ̣ԣϲɱʿȡʿΪУɱʿֻлɢķݣǷʥħҧгݣ޲𣬿һħǿޱȣħΣ˵ҪǣҪҵǣѣ
Ϊ
ڣڰȻûħ̣ȴȻĺҲֲĪǻᵣġ
ڣ֮ģмǿףźȻųͷþּϱںڣţѾǳʮˣ
磬ڣô죿
Сʵ
취ӳȥܲǴֻ·һ
ݸΧ޾ĺڰ·Ҫ꣬ĵ
ǵʵӲӣ
Īҡҡͷ
С죬ǰûʲôð취ݶСʵȫҪ̸ѣҲҿݺĪкСͨ
С챻ߵľѪˢСڣߵѪСߣҲͨͨСмˣĸ˻ǿԽ̸ġ
磬常˵ʵӲҲûа취ƾ壬ƿɷӳֵң
СĻЩʧ䣬ѵﱻŵ
Ⲣ˵ĸԣ˽ʾ֭˼ţʲô취뿪ط
һȥˣûͷ
ȥˣȥˡ
죬ĸ˻ûκεİ취
ڣ
ˣΪʲôɱĸʿɱڰٸӣизƿʵĵӡ
ҹ䳤ϿŴϷǱһ׺סȫĿòˣĵֻǣ΢΢Щɻ
ӡԲһˣ˵ĸʿɱ˰ٶλӣǿͷڣֻҪץסˣҲһڣȴޱ֡
ҹ䳤ϣɻ֡
ҹ䣬㻹̫嶯ˣɱôˣǼ򵥵ɱǣ̫ˣ


597 ׼
ͳɳƵವɭȻ˵֮ˣȫ֣۵ǰҹ䳤һһͼ
ֻ£ȴҹ䳤ϵͬҹ䳤ϵǰɫα־˵ģȻ۵Ѫɫ·ڵѪ˲
ң׺ɫΣŸʶ̽Чķ䣬ЩͬСһ㣬ɬѶ£ȴޱȣĪϵ
۱棬ɫһȦȦĵȥ
ȴ£
Ļ̫£ס
ҹԳ˼һᣬҡҡͷ
ͨȴţҪʿںѪ׼ԼҵģΪʲôñ˼ҵģĸʿɱôˣۣôܣɱǣ硭ĸƿߣ
ɭȻЦͨɫĴŹĸо·ХɭȻ䡣
ԭˣˣ
ҹ䳤ǰһһݵӢ

ڣֻɭЦڻص

Уĸˣû뵽취
ʶֻ֮ƾ壬ôƿңһпõֶȫûãѵҪұޣ͸͸ȥ𣿣
죬ĪеҲЩɥĪﱧԹĵ
ĪУҪͷȻֱȻа졭ԣҲһЦĪаο
أԺͻȻһ˵һĻͻȻͣסˡ
ʱйߣĪп϶ԿݴʱɵùԲУӿ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ݣôˣ
Īмݻ˵һ룬ͻȻͣɵʵ
ĪУղ˵ʲô
׷ʵ
˵ôˣĪԽе֣
ǵģǰһ䡣
˵Īлһ£˵ѵҪұޣ͸͸ȥôˣ
Ī׷ʵ
ԣһ䣡
ԣ仰ݴһĨУݲϵľ׽仰Ժƴת
ޡ͸а취ˣа취ˣĪмȲ⣬֪ΪʲôôŹֵʱȴͻȻﻶϲź
а취ˣʲô취
ݵĻʱĪУСҲȵʵ

һĭƽһĵļĵ
ҵĻۣ֮Ӱ֮ڰס֮ȴס͸֮ҵĻ֮⣬϶ʩչ֮⣬ᡢɣֻҪҰҵĺڰͰ֮ɰڰΣֽͬ
˵ĹâԽԽĪкС죬Ҳһϲ
ڸղţĪ˵֮ͻȻ뵽鹥ԼʱֱӴ͸Լзأͬ͸ޣڣĪһѣݲԼĻ֮ۡ
ݣ޾İڷͰңҸҿ϶ķ϶Ժ繵ͨİڷ֮޾֧ԮⰵΣĻ֮۾ⰵڷ޾Ҳܿ԰Ĺɣ
ĪݵĻȷһϲǵķ֮⡣
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ҲͬĵͷǲûиеɥΪѾҵ˷ҵ˷ˣ
˿ʼӵл֮һΪʼ̽ӵķ
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СȲİ⣬߸ߣһʱ䣬߿ϣҲӿϲĸ˴һ
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ҵΧһеӰأ֡
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ûóȻطСķųʶȱӹȥ
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603 ʶ
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609 Ȫ
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״ڻˮеݣУ¶âôˣһֱڱܵ״̬ڿԷһˣ
Ȼ˻ȪߣҲǳһڶ
İ绯İΡħᦷȻͼ߰˸ߣҲ׷ʩչԼֵķĿǻȪߡ
޾ĺڰңȫס
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һϵıȣһĨѪɫľ޴âȻ˺ڰһƬ۵ѪɫںڰԵôҫۡ
ͬںҹУǸѪɫӣ

ͷ·˺޾ҹ⣬ѪɫĽâֱӰ޾ĺڰ˺ѡϯһεĻָ
ݺȻķ֣âֱӰѰ߰˸ϣȫı׷ɳȥ
ಣ
İ绯ΪԭΣڿתһεķɻı
ȥۿɼĿİϣһԵĽۣۣѪɫϢƣڸʴ

ﰵһиһۣİķڣȴȪ񽣸ˣҪȫָ϶Ҫļ޸
޸Ҫʱ⡣
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Ҫǣһ˿л꣬ƾеսʶ
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罣Хĸ죬ĺ۳һƥ׵ĽֱϵĻȪ񽣽ӳ
ܵĽ⣬ȪҲϡ
ĵĽԽԽ죬󣬽죬ÿһХÿռΧɽ壬Ϊ촷ۡ
ۣ
ԽԽ߿ĸͽϵڳÿһ˵ԺŰһԵݣоƥĽзĳײֵͬҰŰıڣ
һĽɱ֮ݵ𵴣ȻһѪ
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Ͱǣɫ԰ȴޱȣ׷ۺķ֮ŬĵĹ
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ǣ˲ûоΣոУΪǸоⲻûʧԽԽŨң
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610 ֮
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˽һϿڶȻ䱬ǧɵѪɫâһХֱӳ졣
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ֲϿ·ӿϿȶֱըѣͬɽľ޴ʯĴѣȴŰĽУΪ촷ۣؼ䣡
һգ۵ʱ䣬һգۣϿȣɵϿȣȻΪƽأ
ĳ䣬ʮˣݶ۾ŻȪһ
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ݵޱרעŻȪ߳еûһϸڣУ棬ӿ
֮򣬽֮򣬸ֳݵͷǳݸоԼǳѡ
ʱȪŻȪ񽣾ޱȵ£ƻޱȣȪ񽣵ռʱеһУĽ⻯Ϊޣ

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ﰧʮ˵ͫУһâһϢʱ䶼Ȼ䣬ŻȪ񽣵Ļ£ʣͻȻһ޴ޱȵĽâ
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âͬǺأᴩһеѪɫӣɢŨŨѪ֮޾Ϣ

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611 ֮壡
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ߵĶײĳһߣδؿѡ
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612 
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613 Եѹ
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ҲζţȪ񽣣ѾΪݵѾӵŰȥˡ

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614 ȫ
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ڣҲû˿ĽɫâʱﴦǽɫţҲʼջڣݵĵڣԭȭͷСĽ״壬ȴѾѹһ㣡
ûֻһɫڵţһ⣬Сޱȣǵʶ˹ȥȴ֣ᷢһ⣬ͺһһ
⣬貣ֽɫĹâѾ˾ޱȵĽףû˿ʣһ޷ݵġ
ͺñȣһȥֻһСɫȴһֽɫĸо
ңɫУ̺ޱȾĽһȥ·Ѿ֮·˹Х
һ⣬޾Ľ֮֮ݸ򵽵Ľ֮ѹɼµĲ
һ⣬Сȴ̺ǧ·棬̲һ磬ƣһһ磬һһأһ⣬ͺñһɳȴԳһء
ѵͷ˵ġӡ
ݸоڵһͻȻߵĻﲻɵĸϲҵһɫѵǽӣûһǽӵģ
֮ǰߺ˽˺ܶ࣬н˺Ĵŷֲʹ
ͬǣĴ󾳽Ļص㣬Ҳðˣʵͻ˽⡣
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ߣѷԴ֮ѹɼ£γɷӣⷨӣԴѹγɵģȻֻһ㣬ȴ̺ǧ
ӣΪӣȥĳɳͬһùӣȫ׳ʱ᳤һôĹ
ӣʿʵԽԽʱɳⷨӣɲųɹⷨӣı仯󣬻γһƬأһƬ磡
ÿһ磬һγɵġ
ͺñߵǸɽ磬Ǹ磬Ҳһ㷨ӣʵԽԽߣԽԽǿӾͻᷢѿΪһ磡
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621 һս
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ԣսɳʲô˼ɾ˼ҪսɳıӻҪִۣۣп
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ĸž壬һֱսɳڲȥսɳ֪ж潨Ķ࣬ɢɱǿʿվڣսɳΧޱȡ
սɳ棬һԭ͵ľ޴ռҶǵķ֮һɽһô
ǱȶɳˣǽĶ֣СӣǵСӵȼһΪB+ңǵսһʮʤʮ߰ܣʤʸߴٷ֮ʮ࣬ʤʣսɳ˵㹻£ңСBȼгѲ֣Լһ£ʤһʮҾʮ߰ܶǵʵѾԶ׼ǲμսɳĵһսôǿĶֻ֣ףǺˣסʵڲܵУ䣬Աһܹﵽ־磬ǧŶһʵڿϧ
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622 С
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Уޱȣһ㶼û˵󻰣սɳҪþŴλֵֿĴڣȻǡȻǿƣ
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ǵϣһɫĳǹǹǼһɸߵ߻Ҫһ˲վһͬһݣ˳صĸоϵĳǹȴɢ˺һеƣ
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623 
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СӣƹȻ
ǳڱȶɳ˲䣬ϵĹڣĻ
СӣСӣ
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624 ǹ
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ĹڣһĻһͶȥЩսɳĳͣԸСӵĴ򷨣Ƚ
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625 ˭ǿƣ
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СһֱʹǿѹսʼʱǿѹƵˣ۵ܲˣγɽǶᴦڱСǳᣬԼ󻯣ѹѹսһǿѹȶ֣֪
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ݵ΢΢һ䣬ĪУ֮򣬽֮ƻ֮ϣǾǿģڤͬС
ĸټϷһЩСɣƵǹͣ֡
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ʶЦһЮɽâֱӳɸСӶӳ˹ȥ
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â裬Хİɣĸ˲һſ񱩵ĻŴѸСӵĿռһѹÿ񱩵ĹøСӵˣ̧ͷ
㲼ձݴ󣡡
СӵĶսЪ˹Ķ˺ĸˣֱӰųѹսӣûƢ⵽˭ѹ˭
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СᣬһʼûռϷ磬ڿֵ˵Ŀըͬʱæıս׼
֮óǣڷ棬Ҳ˿ѷɫ
Сս鼫ḻԣʶ̸֮ıսûȫܵʱǾ


626 𹥣
⡭СӣСǣ
忴ˮĻɵһ㶣ղţԼĳϣӿ˿Ц
Լղ̫Сˣ˼䣿
ûпڣ˼ҶѶִҪˣСӣǵһμսɳ
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ǲ֪ܹߵ죬ٴɱĸ˶΢ĩܹƴزĶ̫̫ࡣ
֮սѾϰΪȻǿߺܶ࣬ǣͬǺõöࡣ
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629 
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630 ź죬ʤ
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ѵҪ
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˵ɱȥʱݵУǰδеâ


632 һһԣ
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ϥݣͬӦڵҹһ㣬ˢ˿
ҹ٣һĿ꣬ڣ
ڵ¶һĨļµ


638 ҹɽ
վĳϵĳջؽһ
ָûˡ
һһͻȻڰУȻͨһڵϡ
ιһˣӦѹ˰ɣ
ݿڵϵĺʿһ䣬˵
ʿݹһ·ģڵһӣֻӣȴݰеΪǿһЩͨˡ
ʿȴһ
ʱ򻹲ѹĻûлŵˣ˯ߣѹԼɡ
ŵϵĺʿݴʱͬ
𣬱𡭡ңˡ
ԭһĺʿݵ仰æվϲ԰ޱȣþݣҪɱңˣˡ
ղţʿһֱװ
ѹˣǾͺðˡ
ݵǰʿϣʱһ
֪ΪʲôΪҪİһЦ֣һץʱǺʿܿƣݵϷ
ݵ֣ĶסʿĲӡ
ҡܷԸһǣֻϣ˿Էһ·һ
ǸʿɥĶ˵֪ݣûУԼͬһС
Ϊ棬ʿͲûпͷˡ
ǾʹȥڰɣںͰභ꣬Ӧ֪Էڰɣ
ݿǰʹ飬ĺʿɫ䣬˵
ʲôڣ
ڿధĺʿһ¶֮ɫ
ѵѵҪ
ʿ𺧲ѣǰˣ·̼ڸ
ѵ룬ݻ𣿣
ʿ³뷨ģһǰˣֱǶħһˣĨɱһţңưոݡ
ݣ
ʿͻȻԼźͰڵͨǸͨҪǸˣǽݵļһ
뵽ˣʿɵĵһˣǰˣΪʲô˷ľٶˡ
ΪʲôҪǰɷǰ
ʿﾡǿɬ
ԭԭһУġ
ڵĸ𣬾Ϊ˲õˣڣڵʵ󣬷Ҳභ겻£ڵİڣƺҲҪһˡ
ô㲻֪߲ȥ
ݵʻúʿ˼һʱ˻
ǵĴˣԸ⣬Ը⣬ֻϣ˿һ
Ǹʿͷĵ
ô߰ɣָҷ򣬼סҪˢʲôҷһĲԾĻ׼׷ɡ
ݶסʿ֣΢΢һ
ʱʿǺҲôغѣʱݰ֮ͨûж
֪֪
Ǹʿͫɵϴ¶˾֮ɫϻ̳Ͽֵͷ
ô߰ɣ
ˢ
ڿն𣬶ϵĺʿڣĸ򣿣
ҹɽҹɽǱߣ
Ѿڳ֣֮һסʿʿĹˣָһ򣬶ݵ
Ǻã߰ɡ
һźʿָķȥ
ʱ
𣿣
ݾƯڸ߿֮ϣ·ǰɽԺʿ
·ɽͬһϢľںҹ˯ȥȴһͬǹ˸Ϊɽһľǹֲÿҹڽ¹£ЩǹҶҲᷢͬ¹âԴϷȥɽ·˸
ɽ˳Ϊҹɽ
ڣҹɽĸʶӹȥܿ췢ҹɽУһǱɽĹ⹬лڴ󱣻š
Ӧþǰˡ
뵽ߵĺʿˣˡ
Ҳ˵ҿԻˣ
ʿһϲûл
һ룬ϲϣͻȻĽסͫһ˲ϴͫУӿһĨš
δ𡭡δ𡭡
ʿദâ̴Ѫ¡
ΪΪʲôʿ죬ʵĵ
ǸҴû˵ҪŹ㡣
ݿŴĺʿһӣȻɳȥԭֻʣһ˿ĺʿ׵ʧȥϢͬʯ㣬·׹䡣
˼Ҳܱ¶
һ仰·ɽӹȥ
ڣɡ


639 ޴
Ǽʱ䣬ݾڵĸ߿֮ϡ
ಣ
ͬһֻӥ£һͨ񽣡
ʼʩ׼ʼʩһͬսĨڡ
ȣ֮壡
ڽӽڴһɲǣӿ͸֮ӻڴΪֱӴ˽ȥ
һϢ֮ݵָԭģҲ˰ڵϷ
û˿ԥ˫סȪ񽣣ʯ¡
ǣ׼ʼʩʩչ֮ɱ籩һɨʱɫͻȻıˡ
Ϊһ˿Ĳ
·һƬģһصĵӶûУݲ˿ϢҲ˵·ûһˡ
ã
ݵﰵȻһͣӲͣס¸Ƶ
ˢˢˢ
ʱͻȻ֣߿֮ϵ˷ڰͻȻðһ۵ӣЩ۵ӵǰһöͼ
ʶһɨʮ֮ڡ
ʮӣͬһͰΧ˸߿봦
׼ˣ
üͷѾ²ų֡
ݣȻ㣬ĸȻˣڣ֮أΪһǸһôɵ𣿣
Ц˳ڵ޴󣬰죬ַŵĵ˻ɱ
ǣ
ŰʮĵͻȻʼˣͬϵһſγɣĹ죬ʼ
ʱΧڸ߿֮еݣͻȻоԼ˴У·޾ǿ֮У޾ǳΧ
Χǳڷɿתûй켣ϸĹ۲ĻȴᷢǳйӣгӦÿһǳɱһſĳݺը
޴ļӳ£ÿһǳӵͬһЩǳըѿͨߵһ
ƵǿУ޾ǳÿһǳӵͨȫһôУǼͨ¼ߣҲδؿ
Σգڽ밵ڵһ˲䣬ͱ֣Σ֮У
Һܺ棬Ϊʲô֪ҽϻ
֮һͻȻֳɫĹâͻȻһֻݵϸģһŭ
һײǳŭһй켣һƫݼս׵ĺɫâԽԽʢγһ޴ĺɫסݣͬҳϵػߣػݣ
սףеȻǻȪȼķǣͬŲķݵʵǿ֡
ݣΪĺ𣬵ȷҳɱڵٶȼ죬û˿ҿǰɲǸɵӡ
Ư棬ű޴Χסݣ˵ЦȻҲΪԼմմϲ
տʼҲڶ̶ʱڸ𣬲ȴȥڿ˿ϸĿһսֳҷ˺ܶȤ󡣡
ͬʤȯյĽ죬һжһĶݵҷ֣һ޴ӣǡǡڵ룬ȻһпֲͨɵģΧǱһͨм俪˻ڲŻ˴룬ҵʱڲ룬һǴӸ߿֮ϣ˺޷һڴݻ٣⧲ʧ˴
ҷֵڶսۼһĹ֣ӣǽâɵģңһУӦһ˿ĽִѪȵĽϢڻ°ȪǹвĽϢǱȪĽⰡҾαȪ⽣Ϣô᲻֪ڵʱҾڲ²⣬Ǹ֣㣬ݣȻţǣܹʩչȪģȥĻȪ֮⣬Ҳʣˣ
û뵽һʱ䲻ʵǿô࣬ȻڣҲлڣ׼֪ݵĻôһҶֵģԣѾʱˣ
˵꣬ĴЦ
ԭˡ
¶Щ죬û뵽ⰵȻôϸȻϼ޻
ݣȻ֪㵽ôͨҵĻڴģҵ޴סݣͨı£Ҳһ
˵һУȻ


640 ɱ֮

ԭΪԼһжʱݾ㲻ܻҲ޷˵
ǣȴͻȻʴЦ
Ц͸޴쳹ա
ǣлЩһΣɱ󣬾û֪˭ɵˡ
ϻȪһһâϮһž޴γɺȥ
ʱǿǳƬҲɵ˺ʮɣʱԽԽܼǳײȥ
ÿһǳſֲƺɱ
ʮӺµ޴Ҳ˵һ֮ڶԿʮˣУвͨߺͽӽλ¼ƿߣ
ʹˣݵɫҲ˿ĽƽޱȵŲϵ񽣺һſǳ
ʵҲʵһѣû뵽ԼȻˣһС
ɲǺ顣
˵ɱǲˣԲѣҵ޴УôĿҪɱңǵƿ޴˵ɣ
ݵĻһ㶣ЦЦУ˲мͷ̡
ǣƺˣҿϢĽǵĻڴ󣬾˵󷨶˵ûã޴𣬿ô
ݵĻðЦһæ޴ڡ
֮壡
ʱͻȻȣһգ۱֮壬һž޴ǳ˹ȴͬ˿Уû˿ı仯ֱӴݵд͸ȥ
ʲô
˷ӣһûе˳
⣬ôܣ
ֻʣ޾֮ɫ
ʱݰֱǳĹǳ
ڸղ밵ĶԻУһֱڰвģʱѵһεʩչ֮壬
׼Σɱ֮
ʶЦֺ
ããֻػȪ䣬ЦΨұȪ
ڳ޴һ˲䣬ѾȪĽÿһ֣޾ĽХĽ⣬ΧŰ
ͽԽԽңԽԽܼǿᡣ
¡¡
ڿʼεĽʼʮĵϮȥڸ߿еİ

İ޴ʮӣڽХ۵νĹ£İ޴Ҳ˲ƣ
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֪˲ŭĿݣȻˣҪֹݣݣң
Ϊ֪ݣȫʩչȪһͨ㲻ĨɱڣǣڣҲܵԵĴ
Ϊβңǣ֪Σ죬ڣ
ȴüëһȻθǧɣϵĻȪ񽣸߸ߵ𣬽ţƻһ޷ٶȻ
ҿ
ͫȻĵɵùԲĵ
αȪĹڣȻļµĸоҰݵͻƣʩչıȪﵽľ磬ﵽ˻ȪʩչĿֲһ
˿ֲһǼߣҲӲӣڣʩչҹ֮֮
ǣʱѾûˡ
¡¡
߿֮ϣ޴Ѫɫӣ޾ϢȻĺ
Ȫȫʩչ
رѣڵĻڴҲܲסڲ˾ҵĳͬ˳Ű֧飡
ʮڵĵӣȪһȫû
ݸֱǰȪһ׵壬ڿֲ֮ͨ£ֱӱɳȥѪ
ǣһڵϰɣ
˰⣬ˣûѾ˴Σݸɴ಻ˣαӸ߿֮ϳ׷ȥ

ȻһɽУ氵һ䡣
Уôȥˣǰݣֶμ临ӣң϶ֶΣҺµʵ޼Ҳ˵ҲĶ֣ˡ
ʯԺֳ︡Ǿ޵һʱһļ¡
ݸĸоʵֲ̫ˣ
£ȥɣ
ݴֻȻ˿
ͨݣôӵôֱͨǻ֮
ݵĵֻ۾Ҫʲôսⶼûˡ
Ϊ֮ƣΨӣ
Ȼ⡣


641 ¶
ĳɽ壬˵׳һӰǰħᦣħųǧɵĺڰ֮⣬ӭݡ
ħϵǳһɫâһ֯ƣϳһͬĻܣȻû˿ԥģԶӡ׶ӣ
ˢ
֮ڰħϣʱħᦵ޾âһ󣬹⻪ɢ
ݸɴһηֱ֮ĨȥħϵʶӡǣС
һУѾʧӰ٣ѾŸմǰħᦵʱ䣬ˡ
ˣ
ݰյĶͷͻȻоԼͷһΡ
Ĺˣʩչ֮壬ּʩչȪڵĻ֮⣬Լ֮ȫĹˣҲңһûս⣬׶ˣĺԼԼ״̬δĶ֡
ﲻ֪ÿ޻Ц
˿Ѿ˷İڣʣ༸ʮǿڱȪһ´İڵӣҲû˼ȥǣֱѡҶǵķƾһЩӶȥ
ѾˣЩӽϾҲûж˼ˡ
ڣֻ̻صսɳҪȻټϰӶݳȥ֪ᷢʲô¡
ǵսɳ˵ٿԻñӻ
ʱ󣬵ݻصҶǣսɳ⣬սɳĸʱһ첽˽ȥ
ʱ¶˹Ѿʱˡ
һ·ֱԼңҴź̲סһ˵ϣصһ
ݣˣ
ҴŴ򿪵һ˲䣬Ī˾ϲĵ
ţһˣʱɣˣҪϢҪ˴ҡ
˵ֱ꣬ϥϢ
û⣡
˿ɫ¶ɫݣ˵ͷ
ݱչصϢûжãͻȻҵĴš
꣬壬С㣡
Ī˶ԾһСĶȴ־ѾڱչصϣЩ졣
ι壬ôˣ
Īе˿ֱ飬ɵĶʵ
ǳһ£ˣ
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ĪĸоĲæ˳ȥȻرҵĴţһˣڵơ
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ȵĸ˳ĪˣĶԾʵ
ϣҲˡ
ĻĪһɫ΢΢һ䡣
ѵݣ
Ī뵽˸ղƣݣﰵ룺ݰˣġ
˵УйһˣװһȵģԾʵʲôҲˣ
һֱ˵飬ǵʻ֮󣬾һ䣬һתһΣȴûбȫ
û⣬ʲô˼
Īͬʱһ
ڵڣмϣӳˡ
ɫ䣬ĵңǰ׸֮ˣȴ֮еȴǣֺɱڵ֣ͬһˣ

˵ɫǱˡ
Ĳ׽˵ɫ仯
ֻһˣȷܾȰɣ֪˭𣿡
ͻȻһ䣬ЦЦĿˡ
壬Цˣô֪
Ȼ׾ƺʲôĪˣҡҡͷ
ݣ
Ҳûڲأֱ˵˳ױ¶ˣֵֽݣҶսɳݣ룬Ҳֻһˡ
ԣڵһ
¶𣿣
뵽ղƣҵݣĪǿЦޱȣ֪ݾŬʵϣҲҪɹˡ
󣬻ǹһΪܣȫı¶ˡ
ݣô磬ǿΪţѵ˻Ҫ岻ɣ˵ˣ飬˭Ҳ֪
˵࣬ĪҲװȥɴ촰˵Ծ˵
˵ûǿʳĺʱ䣬ŵĸ𣬾ͺñбһСصˮ󺣣첻ɶӰ죬Ҳޡ
ͷͬĪǵĻȴһת
ǡòõǣ񹷼ǽˣ˵ȪߵĻȪ񽣱˵ãȪ񽣣ϵȹš
˵Ȫʱϣɵ¶Щû뵽һﾹȻӵлȪ񽣣ۺ찡


642 Ϊ
壬ѵǣҲҪ᲻ɣ
Īˣ񣬱ľ
ң
ˣϵȹȻˣսɳ磬ǺպĴڣ˵ǺսɳҲв٣ǻΪϵȹսɳĹأսɳ
һЦĵ˵ǿԷˣսɳԲǶֵġ
ĻĪһͻȻ廰һתǣȻսɳǶ֣ļһϢ󣬿Ƿˡ
Īһ
ϵȹλҲĶλĸ߰ŲƤᣬЩǿ¼ǣȴǶԻȪۺ첻ѣҪ֪Ȫ֮ԿһߵλãϵĻȪкܴĹϵһߵλãǿǴźǿһߣλ֮µǿ߰
˵Ϣ˳ȥ¼߶ĶˣǷ׷״šɥɱΪţ˷ӿҶǣʵ˵ʲôΪǼٵģֻǣȴȲҪɱݣûȪ񽣣ԣҲ֪ͨǣҪ׼
ģô
Ī˵ɫһЩķס
Ҳõģû˸սɳڷֻҪսɳһ죬;Եİȫ
Ī¶ɫǵļ򣬶䰲οˣϢҲˣǻǿȥ׼죬ǾҪȶˣҪΪ¶ģֻҪսɳǾͻᱣǵİȫ
ǾͶлˡ
Ī΢صС

ʱŷǿǣ˷ӿҶǣΪǸϵĻȪ񽣡
׻˵ΪΪʳ⻰Ȼ٣ԻȪ񽣵ջ󣬴ǿߣۺĶˡ
ʱҶǵսɳͻȻ˷ͨ档
Ƕô׶񼫵ĶħֻҪսɳܵսɳıӻսɳܶԹһУսɳߣһɱ⣡
ϢЩӽʿǿʼ侲սɳһ˾ŴλԿ⣬û˸ҺսɳҰ
ŭͷڹʱȴҲ̤սɳڲ
Ҷһʱۣ׷սɳ׵㣬õȪ񽣣ǲġ
սɳʼߣҾͲݲ
ţõ˼ȴ
ݻָƣϢֻһЦ֮ݵȻþһѡ
ѹݣӰ죬ΪսɳǾԵİȫԣȻݱ¶ǵӣûжı仯
ݣǽ죬ҪȶΣ׼𣿣
ѵ߽ǵң˵
ˣ߰ɣ
˵˵ͷȶɳȥ
ڶսҲʱˣȫԡѪ˳ͬɱ
սζB+ʵĳǿСӣС˵ӵлȪ񽣵ʱҲƴ
ΪɱݣʹſԵõĻȪ񽣣ԣտսûжãЩСӾƴһݵӡ
СֻĸˣʤڸǾӢһʱ䣬ѵһαȶСȫն£ĸˣ⣬ˣ˲Сˡ
ǣǲûеõ㹻Ϣڶ죬˴˳󣬶ǱǰһСӸǿB+Сӡ
һСӣ˵ö࣬Ϊ֪ĸ˵״̬ûлص۷壬Ҳ˵ռ˱ˡ
ΪǸտʼȶͷĳ˹һصƴģ
Īԭˣټ϶࣬һʱ䴦·磬ȴŭˣǱ¶ˣҲ׼ֱ֣ӼȪ񽣣һбȪŤתƣѰ˸־ն£
СУҪݵĻȪ񽣣ǣᱦɣԼҲӡ֤ǾŻΪ
СӵȫûԼΪݵе
ǵ˵ûв˿һ˵ı̰ʱͲϧ
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮ҪɱˣҪñɱĴۡ
սʤȫԡѪĴʱĸ˶ɫ԰ףƣǱѡ
ǣϵǹƣȴ·һ񽣣ֱ
еĹڣĸ˵Ƹסˡ
жѪԣʿ


643 鷳
ãǿ
еˣɴ۾ƽ̨֮ϵˣ࡯һ鲻Խһڿˮ
СӵʵȻ鴫ңݿĨɱںͰڣҲǼٻ
Ȼû˵ѣӵлȪ񽣣ݵʵ̫ǿˡ
еĹڣﶼˡ
ڸղŵĶսУĶסϵĻȪ񽣣񽣣ɢĹâадϢ񲻰
⣬ϵȹȻǿ
ۿʩչȪֻоԼģ鲻ԽȣԽ
߰ɡ
ݴʱѾջػȪ񽣣˵
ھĴ£ĸ˻߳ȶɳ
ĸ˵ĽŲЩ鸡սҲֲסˡ
ɱͿԵõȪ񽣣ֻҪɱ
߳ʱԱߵĹϯĹڣһֻȵݣУеǾȣأ̰
ϯϵˣǧҪȡûȪ񽣵ʿʱǻɱݵʱ
ڣ˭Կóأĺܴʱ֣ݺѷ
ҶǿѹסԼ뷨
ﲻ棬սɳɱݣ˳ȥսɳҲ׷ɱԼܵĺǣԼҲܲˡ
Ҫ֪սɳǱ鲼ġ
ҲһĿܣסݣֻд˿춯Ӧ
ңȻȵסݣվû˸Ҷ֣ҲԿսɳеĿ̶ֲˣ
ĸ˿ƽʵҲĵݵʱţֻҪһ˿ĲѰͻȪ
ңһ·¡
ĸˣһ·صԼңսɳСԱ棬ʿڰţҲζţУܰȫ
Ϣɣбȶ飬Ǿͱˡ
˰οһȥʣĸУơ

ӣƺָƽϸȥ۲Ļȴ֣ᷢҶǵսɳҲʼӿ
һıȶʣBСУ˵Сӣ޵еĴڡ
ϸעսɳĻᷢʱ䣬˺ܶעСӡ
ЩСӵĶӳǴط¼ǿߣǣǵĶԱȴһЩͨƿ֮ġ
Щ¼СӣһɫĶBСӣΪСӵǰСӵʵҲеģȻ¼ߺǿĶԱĻͻ
һʱ䣬ҶսɳʮBСӣB-B+֮ܶսɳ÷ǳˡ
ӿƽսɳʵϣѾ˺ܶС
ݣûио⼸αȶСӣܹ졣
Уһοĸ˵ϣȴû˿ϲãһɫ
ͷˣЩСӣ¼СӣңһսɳϰٸBСӣЩСӵĶӳ͵ģǼߣ¼ߵģӶ࣬ǵĶԱȴȫͨɫ
ݳƬ̣˵ңҲӦ÷ˣⲢżȻ
£ʮа˾Ϊ˻Ȫġ
Ҳ
˵Ķûд
˽¶˿ЦݣԺսɳҲ粽
壬ʲôˣ
ĸ˾ǿ塣
Ҳ˽Ѱ״ɣ֪ǵȷǳġ
ɫҲܺÿҡǮѣô˵ӣҲõȥ
ԣĸ˵˵ͷ
ݣԥսɳȥЩŻȪʿŭˣǧȻĿֶ飬ֲҵսɳһӡ
建˵սɳ©ҲӣҼΪϵ͵ʿһôһעһСӣҲ׼ڵ֪B+սӺǹԼСӵĵȼѹB+һ£Ҳ˵һᣬԺ̨ͬսֻҪڱȶɱǣȪ񽣣ǵˡ
ҲӦ֪սɳСӵıȶͬѡжԾģǶBСӣл̨ͬս
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Ҳ뵽ֽĻʱĸ˻̲סҡҡͷﰵ룺Ϊ£鷳ˣ


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ĪпЦŵɵǸǻ
ˣȻϰСӣսɳֻܺһһĴ򣬾¼ߣҲ壬һɱһɱһ˫
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СӾǿҲСӣɵĿԽܡ
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645 
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ҲԣżҴҵ󣬲±˵ƣ죬ûж˸ҵǣӵлȪ񽣣Щ̰ˣҲҴŭš
⡭˰ɣѾϰɡ
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649 
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ĻôҶʦ֣֧㣡
ԣ֪洫ҪʵˣţҲôɣ
һӦ׷ߺ
ʵЩ洫ӣǶݺ֮ġ
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ԣﲻƽ⡣
ΪʲôҪôĥѲŽȴóһ汾£ֱӾͽˡ
ԴҲŻôߡ
ŵӸŭԣЩ洫ӿɲͬǸǼΪǿߣһɰ
ȻݺĪ콵
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650 Ը
ĸݣҳ
ݣ
ۡУϥͻȻһдƵӸۡ⴫˽
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ݲɵüͷ˳ȥ
ݣʲôˣĪҲ
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ʼ磬Īһ𳯸ۡȥȻڣһٶڵԼ⣬һٶ˸Ϊտüͷĸˡ
λкιɣ
ݿ˿һٶˣΪ˵ϣǸͦΣҪǣڳ˵УֻΪߵģ¼ߣ
ң¼еǿߡ
У˭ݣ
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ݸճӭһĳͲмЦ
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ԣжʱȻ֡
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ﰲĪУϳ費Ŀ֪ʿһȺеͷ֮ˡ
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СҪǰɣ
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ĻҶͣǣǰݣҲˣǵ洫ӣҶԣûǽҵսϹʮУҾͳʸ񣬳Ϊ洫ӣô
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ãҽսݺܸɴĵ˵ͷм
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ݶԴȴᣬֻǿʦ֡
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ǣݵĻȴȫˡ
ܼ򵥣ҽսֻҪϹʮУҺĪԶȥţˣȺˣ͸ҹԶ㣡
ͻȻüͷɵĵ
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ĪУе洫ӣЩĿɿڴȷ¶ˣǲƽȵƽȣȴǶ˵
СıСˡ
ԣǵͨ죬˫ȭ߬Ȼݳǹȴһɰ
ƫƫݣİ
ãã˵ãҧгݵĵԼ˵ģͲҪ˵ʲô۸ˣ˵գʱص㣬
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ԣ̫ˣǴʦֳҶͲסˣ
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Դˣݲᣬתȥֻһ仰ʱ⣬ʱ㣬ڵص㣬ҶﲻϤ԰ɣһطɣҺ㵥һս
˵գĪоҪȥ
վסʱڣصǷ磡Ҫȥ
Ҳܣ洫ӵһˣȻССͨ߸Сˡ
޷ܣҪ̺һ˶ϣ֤ĵһˣ
ǺðɣԸ
ת˵


651 ʮ
ĪУȷʮ֮ڴ
ĪﵣǵĶ˵ݣĪš
Ͼһô꣬˫ʵ඼ǳ˽⣬ţݾԿԻ¼ߣǣʮ֮ڡ
⣬Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ԽʿսԽѷֳʤͬȼĶ֣ٸغϣֲʤ
οڣͨ߶¼ߣԽսҪʮ֮ڣ̫ˡ
޷·
һЦĪһ㶣ĬղŷУ罣񣬼ʹǰٶ裬һǰƿ
Ǻã
ŬԼھҪֵĳ嶯˦ȥŵ봦ȥ
Сӣ˷磬һҪ֪ҵ㵽ʱ򣬻ҲҴԲѣҧгݵЦѾЩȲȲҪѵݣ棡
Сӣ־͸ɲҪ·ثˣ
洫ӣ׷׶ݼȻ
Ҳ߰ɡ
ݶǵĻ˿⣬Īˣ˹ȥ
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ڵìܣ˽Զ֣뵽Թ
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¼ߣԲҪ˵ͬ⡣
ɣ
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ⶫǴ󣬲ȷʵרŴ͵ض⴫󡣡
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ŵûȨ޵ŵ̨ʮŵȴԣǷ׷׵ĳ봦̨ҪĿⳡ洫ӵս
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ˣҲЩСһĴܰɡ

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ХһƬ硣
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еˣ۾ĶĻʾĳصùս߹ۿġ
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ԼռˣԼӮݶû⣬ϹʮУǸСһ
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652 
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ݣҵ𣬲԰˺ѳ룬ңתʱγһУ꣬㻹ɣһСģͲҪˣ
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ԣ¶һĨŭȴֺܿʧΪ顣
ȻһƵģϵĻȪ񽣣Ȼбָ

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ۿĵǣҲ׷׵סĻչֳս۾һգҲգ
սȻȤǶʿǿߣȻеǰ
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Уʮ߲ʶʵȫ봦Ļϣʱǧ΢΢ҡҡͷ
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һ˫Ȼֽ⣬ëȫ뿪ͬһ꣬ſֲķϢϯȥ
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ҲɱۣͬűȶӦ֣Ǹղű߳ŭҲ˲ôˡ
𣿡
ݵͻȻı
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տʼˣ֪ô¼ߵģľôʵ̫ˣҪô꣬ƾĸֻҪģԺܿķҵġ
˵ţĵֻѾ˿ˣûʱˣɣ


653 ջ
ۣ֮ͨ
Ѿ֪ʲôʱ󣬵ֻ𿪣һ޴Ļɫâʱϡ
Ȼһԭ𾪣Ҳʼˣһ꣬ڵ֮ںݻ֮еİ֮
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΢΢һ䡣
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ңղڷʼգǷƵĸоǳȶȫݵƿ֮С
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ݣлһսѧ࣬ҪչأһΣһҪúõսһ
̧ͷҲûǷ֮⣬Ķ־ġ
ܹ¼ߵľȻܺһսͱǷʿĥԽԽ£ԽĥԽ
ⳡȶݺˣʵջ



654 ط
صԼרŵĸۡݺĪиԻصԼңǶϲ˷ʱ䣬ҪŬ
Ϊ֪ϻһصڵȴǣҪǿʵںʱܡ
ԼУʼϥ
ڣڽϣѾ˺ܴͻƣֻһͿڽϣ̤ǼߵУݵĹƣͻƵʱ䣬ᳬһꡣ
ݴο¼ָտɴ¼֮ݲſԷȥһˡ
֪¼ߣĿꡣ
Ҫ֪ǵĶ֣ǾŴλŴλжݲ֪Ǵÿһˣƹһ죬ͿԿǶôİԵˡ
ǧҲλǣֻǿ߶ѣԣλҲҪǿ֣֮Ҫ;ŴλԣʵҲҪﵽͨλʵ
¼ߣֻݸԼڵĿꡣ
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賤ϴݳĺȥ賤ϵĻطǷŵ֮磬ɿӵУԣǶԾطǳĿء
ݣ֮طһר֮оŲ㣬ÿһ֮һ磬ǵȫŲ̺ķ֮ĻҲ˵һ·ھŲ㣬ѵھŲҲɹĻǷ֮λˣ
賤һΣ˵ıһϸĶ࣬ԣﲻɵĺݺݵһ
λֻҪȫͨطͿԳΪλ
޴ջ󣬾ҲɵĶˡ
ԾطҲһ˽⣬طͺñȲ߼
Ҳ˵ط棬̺еͼλķ壡
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ͬںĻ磬Զš


655 ֮ͼ
طһ̺ϢݵǰͻȻһƬ磬·׷ݵԶʱڡ
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ӿһ𺳣λȻǿԼǰûз
У겻ѡ
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һʱ䣬һ˵ôҿɲ˷ѵţæܡ
һտޱȵĿռ䣬̧ͷϷȴ֣Ϳͷ·棬ûоͷ
ԣ濴ǾŲ㣬ΪʲôûоͷѵŲԲǣֻһܣǾǣÿһԴһռ䣬طΪŸռ䡣
ţͻȻ뵽ֻҪÿһ̺İ壬ͿԶһ㡣
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ͼޱȣһƬҶûУֻһƬҶģʲôҲûС
ͼ̺ŷİ壬׻˵һҶ֪ƬҶȻѰǣĸĻᷢƬҶһƬƮҶҶ֮ԻƮ㣬Ϊ硭
Ϊ֮ߣһͿͼƬ̲صİ壬磬飬ƮݣƬҶӵĹ켣
ݱ۾һϣͻȻһƬ硣

һ룬ݳһռ䣬ռһռͬһǽڣֻǽϵͼȴı䡣
һΣƬҶ
Щǽϵͼ̺ŷİ壬Щͼ˵̫򵥡
ܿ죬ݽ˵㡭Ĳ㡭㡭
ʣÿһǽϣһͼԽ棬ǽ̺ķ֮壬ԽԽ»ɬ
ݳЩǽϵͼΪ֮ͼ
ͼϿƼ򵥣ȴ̺Ŵﵽ塣
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ǽϵͼǰεģҪࡣ
ǰͼǽϵͼ棬иɽˮľлݣͼƬͷ·Դһء
ܸߵɽ壬ȴһֺСĸоƽĴ󺣣ʱȴӿֱľݣȴõʹ
ݵüͷͻȻͨڵϣۣԺֳ︡ͼʼ
ݺʲôַ֣Ͳ֪ʲô
һ֮ĸо
ǴĸоǧǷͼ̲ŷ壬ڿͼƬֱͼ˵̺ĴС
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656 ʦ洫
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֪˶ã֪˶á
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657 ؾ
ģŵһܣҲֻ֪طеһʦ²Уʦһ˿꣬ѡ̳еӣܴ˴˵ˣΪ˭Ҳûۼû뵽죬ĪеģȻʦ濴أѡΪ˴ߡ
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λȷǿս䣬ǣǿʿҲ޷ĲֻǼѣʵϣλȷܳǣҲ޵ģһλǵֻԪԪǿˣҲֲסµʴ
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658 ɽڤڤеٻ
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һ·ϣǧڽŹڹŽؾˡ
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Ҫǣɽ徹Ȼɢ޾ĹâؾһƬ
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ݺȻɽ壬ڸսʱ򣬾ͷԼòƽˡ
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659 
ŽؾԽ棬Խ棬ȻмǿĹ彣磬壬꣬ԴòҪڿգ
ԹŽؾȽ˽⣬ԶѵԽ棬Խ࣬Σأʦֵ˵нγɵޣڸĽһش
ĻôҶɵһѺŹŽؾҲС
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żĶݺȴ·ţβûͣȻǰȥ

Ҫȥסȴʮסʦ֣ùˣѱǸжɡ
쵰ô˵ҲǷŵһԱǷţԼʦֵܣ
һ˦ˣȴͻȻʧǵС
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ɫӵĿǰʱݸ֪ȥҲףȥпܰԼҲϡ
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˵գȴһĳǰȥֻղŵ̽Сſγһ֣ĳ̽ȥ

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660 ̫Ž
ݾʱ綼ˡ
ϣûִ̹ǵʹ⣬ûƽϢȴöͬһ֡
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ǵϲŭ֣ڽУеڻãеڰеڸˣеȻ
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һһĻƵ𣬴ϥݵĶֻоԼԺ·һըһƬհףţһĪȻԼϥƯɫ룡
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Ǹ߰ĥƽȴֶŬĿꡣ
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ݵĹԷųܴ󣬵ǻΪŶһǿ߶еˣȴǧ诿մǡ
Ǳǿգһģȴǲѡ
ǵģһǿǵķŶĪʦ洫ߣ·ŵĻҲ˳
ǧһҹߡ
ⲻ֪ݺĪУķţû˿Ȥ
ݵĸۡ
ݣº󣬾ٳʱ򣬷Ҳ룬ȥΪף١
ĪаϢݡ
ţ𣿡ǰһʵûа취ǧһȥôãûмŴλһˣٳһûᣡ
ȻݺĪ벻ıϡ
ΪλԼʵ˺ܴġ
ҲǣǧǸˣڶټɵٲҲҵǡ
Īеĵ
ùˣֻΪ˾ŴλֻҪǲʣҲض䲻塣
Ц£úõİѾ繮һ£ºȥŴλ֮һǺηʥ
ûдԤϵĻȴٳػҲɣʱ򣬾ŴλǸպÿԳ˴˻ᣬǵʵңҲջҲһ


667 ͵
º󣬽죬죬ں˵һӡ
ŴλҲǴҹϵľŴǿ֮һĸԪٳ
ںЩλˣܵ룬Ҳŵƽʣ˺ʵƣ͸¶ϲ졣
ݣĪУ߰ɡ
ϣݺĪйˣһ뿪˷ţ诿մϣš
Ϊ˴֮һȻҲյ룬ҲҴ̫ˣݺĪУһˣȥ
λ룬ĵĵط˴һߣǺľ࣬λܹ˺ѿռ⣬ͨʿҪȥ죬ֻܹȥΪֻľ
¼⣬ݡĪкǧλٶһжǿߣٶȼ죬ŲһʱѾ˴˵е
ͨɫ޴߲棬һ񹬵أڤƲ񷣬ƻֺ꣬ΧƣŨޱȡ
ʱ棬ŵƹҲʣϲ첻ѣҴʱֲѣĶʱС
ǽȥɡ
ǧݵˣҲУʿĽӴ£˿ޱȵĴϲŵرɵζȣɢ˵ζЩѾʳ˼̻ǿʿǣɵĶ˼θڡ
УݺĪһֱǧĺ棬ǧϾͷĴ˷׷̸ҲЦһ̸
ԴˣݺĪֻоĸں档
ú󣬴˲ˣͷҰϺȾ졣
һֱݺĪУżһ档
˾ƵʱǶ̶̲һӵʱ䣬ţֻʣǳԺ
ݽƳһۣۣͨŭһΣյϢǿߣֲǿߡ
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𾪲ѡ
λͬͨǼ¼ʵҪ֣Ƿǿ
Ϊأͺñݣֻǽ֮磬磬ֻһ磬λ
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ڵģͨλصأǼλϣΪ¼λ
ҵһѣȥġ
еһ룬ͻȻȥĪеĪУҰѷ磬ȥ̽̽
á
ĪеͷȻʲôʱһˣȴҲûֹֻЦŵͷʵϣҲҳֹ
ݾֱ߳ڵλã׼һʱû˹۲ʱһͷ˽ȥ
ղһֱڹעֳһκİĹû¶档
ϯʼʱ򣬷ֱ˵Ҳףء
ݿ֮󣬽档
ţȥˣôˣһᣬǧʧȥݵӰ
겻ѽÿ棬ҪһܣҹȥһƫƧĵطⲫɡ
ĪЦ
ŶԭȤѡ
ǧЦ

һôϣסΪΧķУʶȴΧɨ
һ̽ۡķ䣬˻ɡ
˵ٳҶӦæĲˣⷿ仹ƻͨҪģⷿϣǿĽƣ
ƣʹûԸܣҲһëȻǴõġ
пܣǲõĽƣҪýѵڸʲô˵Ķ
һ˿Χû֮⣬һƮȻ˷⣬ţһ˲͸
֮壡
ݵ֮壬󷨡硢ƵĿǣڵʵܹάһӣ
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ݵ壬ͬУȴڿ֮עʱ
һĶ
ʮˣûаϢˣ
Ͱ磬֪б£һԪش϶ˣܲ˵ģ磬һĳ䣡
ҪҵųΪ֮ϣϢù׼֮ǿߣǲ֣˭ҲĶ֣


668 
ʵЩüĿˡ
ǵĽ̸УһȻģݾԸұ֤
ΪڸղŵľУ˵лݶӡġ
Ȼ
֣ЩݣȻ˵Щ·𣬿֮ǰߵĶ˴Щܿ׹
ͷˣȻû˵ѣŴλһֱɽ磬Ҳİ棡
ң˵ʲôǺеüĿˣ
ﲻɵĴ󺧣ѵѾҵɽľλˣ
ţݸоԣҪȥʱһѾҪȥˡ
һҧշæ뿪߳Ƶ˲䣬ɫһ䣬á
Ϊǰ棬һ˹ȥ
˭ô
˴Ҵææĸڿݵʱ򣬲ɵľĻ˵һ룬ͻȻҪ˵ô£˹Ļʮġ
ݱһ㶡
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ǡǡæͷҪѯݵݣпڵ㣬ղŹвݵˣҪٳң
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ﰵģȻײһˡ
ڸղţݵȷЩˣԼ͵һײϣҪǱץס϶
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ݸӣһ˵ĻŸȫ¼λǿߣǳصġ
һ˲䣬Ļ񣬼£λȵ
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ǰλϱ˱䣬´һݣǴ渮ۡ˳ģѾĻ
Ϊţ˭ûйķ£ƽȥͳġ
ΨһĽͣʶˣҲǹˡ
£ˣ
ݿǰˣһЩҡˣٴκȵô£εٳ˹ӵĻҶҪ
ݵɫԽ
ǣǡλͷҪȥ飬ѾݻŪˡ
٣Ϸֲ
ģССĵһѣﰵңҿԼǣÿ죬ҪȻ©ţ군ˡ
Ǿ͸
ݶ֣Ҵҵ߳ȥȻ󳯴ȥ
ĪУҪǧǷҡڳȥʱ򣬶ĪзԸ
µľǱҴʱԼݵϷȫ¶ˡ
֪Īݵ
㿴Ǹ˺㣡
ĪͻȻһӣһ죬ָ෴һ˶˵
Ŷҿ
ˣȫĪָķ˹ȥ
ĪУ⡭
ȵ˿ĪָǸνǧǸ˵ʱȴ˾ȻһŮʿ
ʱǧɫЩѿⲻ˵ԼŮ
⡭ѵôģЦҪĪиЦԼָʱҲЩΣղźһָȴû뵽ָһŮޡ
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ǧǣǿһЦȻЩҲûзŭĪεϷˣϴ¼ı
ˣȥˣôûл
ǧͻȻʵ
˭֪ƺǸдˬɣǼһǺȥĪдֵĵ
ʵҲľģڸʲô
ҲҿղĪеһ֣ݴԱ˹ȥһֱ˳ȥ
ݴǸλһ·棬һֱ߳һ·ϣǿſ˿ݣֿ˿λȻС
ЦǽȴΪЩҲʶݡ
챣ӣۣ
ﻶѣϲ䣬Ȼ಻ѣ˵ǱߺˣһҪƻٳģ
ָһƫƧķڿն
ҲҵһòͷˣλǰЦŶݵλѣҽ֪֣
ĪͿˡݵĻش
Īƺû˵ְͷ
е˶ѵɹһȴһ䣬ʵ
ңĪѱֻ˵ġݳæЦ
ûһĮȴٺһЦʵҲǿЦġ
ˣȥǰ濴ûˣǵóѣݰƣҲûаֻɣ˵ͷǰ
ڱݣһĨɱһţֵܣҪңҪ־͹ײ


669 磡
ĪֵܣûҪƻİ
֮ɨ˼飬ûзκεӰɵתǲǼǴ
ˣҾǣ
ֱӴĻţ޴ɫͶӰȻĺȥ·ڻӦĻ
Ѿɱģǲᱩ¶ԼʱԼ˵ֹŴλԼܻܲһܴ⡣
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⧲֮£ֱӱɳȥȻһڵѪ
Ҫʲô
ϣ¶һĨţʵڲףղŻúõݣΪʲôͻȻˡ
ԭԭ㡭
ҲɵӣȻӦ
ûдҲˣҪƻٳģ
Цᣬĺɫ񽣴ڼһ񽣣ţһΪȻס
̫ɽɱ
ݵը
̫ɽ̫Դ֮ͨǺΪ飬Դͨ
͵ͨҲǰͨ
̫񽣸ϵȺ̫ɽͨͻ֮ۡһɿղеǿͨ
ɫâһ磬棬âĹ켣ߣڸ߿ŵ̫񽣱Ŀ£һֲĽâ봦˹ȥ
ܴȴôλŭһâǿʩչͶӰסԼ
ͶӰͬһ޵еıݣڴкֱײҪУ
ǣÿ忪âʱΪ۵̫񽣱һڵĽâؽУ
ȻâĿը
ǿͶӰ޾ĿըУҲ֧Ųס
ֻһλܿ죬ɫͶӰ飬һҧһǺճ
ģ
ѾǰĪ˵ʵֲ̫ˣر󣬼ֱҪ
˵ģ
ѵҪ𣿣ˣȴģŬķţ
άŽУһ߶
ٵȥˣ
ݺĶԽԽ㣬ʱ򱻱˷֣ǾͲˡ
Ǿսپ
һͶӰٴʩչȥֱӰסͶӰһԼһˣ
ݵɫͶӰһ̫ɽǿÿһâƣ֣ɫͶӰֱӱɫͶӰѹ飡
һͷԼͶӰУֻо޾ڡ
ãӣ
ݳ
Ȫ
ϵȹȪ񽣳֣һѪɫâУޱȵĴۣ
¡¡
ȪУķѣ
һȫָֻϲ԰ޱȡ
λûôȥ
ǣô׷Ź
ˢ
ݵĵֻˣһ޴Ļɫâס
ܴԭ˲ǳң궯ݻ֮һֱ֮ϣ
ˡ
ֻеʶ·ŭըѣһƬհףȻ룬һİ֮У
磬ɲԱߣ
뷨ոðҲɶƣ֮ȫ֮ڰֱ֮С
һɫ磡
ˡ
ɫ翪ʼҵĲ·ܿҪ֮һ㣡
пܣ
һϲӴǿȣ֮ǿңɫҲԽԽ
ݸеݽߣ˫ۿҪһڵʱ
ɫ磬ֱ˳Ż֮⣬ɽݵڣݵУ

ջͶӰȪ񽣺̫֮䣬һʬ׹ȥ
ʬڿҪ׹ʱһӣһ֮䳹ϡ
ֻо궯
ã
ҲﻷΣæϥ鿴ڣⲻҪһһ磬Ѿȫҳһţ
Ҫ
ס񣬴ʱݵ棬һ磬Ҳ׵磬׵ݵвֵ궯ݵĽ֮籩
췴ˣҰˣ
һᣬԼ֮׵ӿȥס·ҪԼȥ
ʱƣɫıݸȫڻ˽֮磬ʱĽ֮磬Ѿһģ治ŰضһƬɫףϣûаƻڴһ㣡
Ƕ磡


670¡ʱ֮
磬ڰ磬ٰ仯Ϊк󣬾ȻԼ磬Ϊӵн׷磡
øпЦѣٿɫʱȻѾˡ
ݣȥˣҽˣŭĵ״
ĪУһѾһ˵æĵ״ȥţɿĳŸȥ
صţĪŸɫЩǧȻãȴûб
ۡڣݰ͵ϢԼɱ飬ȫ˵˳
ʲôҲ˵һжģĪҲʧɫ
ûдҸղ֮ļҲɵˣļңѾְڵˣңԭȥģȴû뵽Ѿһɱˣʹˣ϶˶ãԣ̲ݻ
һݴﵽϲҲȻ޴档
Ǹô죬ڵʵԶԶûдﵽǿľ磬֪ˣܹΣ
Ī̾һ
ô˵ǶҪŬô֪أǱѡҪսף
ĪУҪȥʱ֮ͻȻĪ˵
ʱ֮ʲôطĪвȻʵ
ļһΪػںľλϷŴλٿأһΪʱ֮ں룬Ϊսɳƿء
طֻǴӾػģں
˵ػ̺з壬ȫͨػͿԳΪ֮
ӹ񣬴ûܹͨ
ʱ̺֮ʱհ壬ͨʱ֮ǿߣһһǿߣ
Ҫȥʱ֮ԼʵΨ֮ƣҲֻˣ
ǱѡɽȻѾҪ¶ɱǵһֲͻ׷飬ʱֽס
ǱжҪֹǵΨһ취ʹǿ
ãĪҲ֪ؼͷұأѷʦĴȫ͸һҪﵽǼλ
ţУСǰڲ֪ôˣСҲؾĵطֵʱ򣬰Ϣ棬סǣһҪͨʱ֮֮סǣȵһ
ݷԸ֮һ뿪ţѾûʱˡ
ʱ֮ʱ죬ҲǺľĺģʱʱʱת࣬սɳܲڴˡ
ǿսɳӴǰռ֮һʱ֮
ҲԿսɳʵҾ˵սɳɳ֮ʱսǴ˵пֲǿߣĺһǿߣǾŴλſԻ
ݴеĿģʱ죬սɳܲ
ΪλѾλ洩ľ죬ݿ⴩󣬲ҪĴҲȥλ档
ʱ죬ʱձطҪŨ࣬кܶشΪЩشʱձ֮أʱռһСģͻУпܱɱҲпܾ벻֪ʱա
սɳλʱĶˣݶ˵ֱӳսɳȥ
սɳֺܲ߿֮ϣ·ƾճһɸۡ۹ȥ߼ʣ֮ͬơ
⸮ۡսɳˣ˵Ǹۡʵ˵һأսɳ·ں֮⣬һһ㣡
⸮ۡˣʱշ˽һֲ˼㣬ȻŤռ䣬γһСأҪǣͣԶָԭģ
ݶʱշҲΪ˽⣬񿴵սɳӿһ𺳡
ݻסе𺳣ȥ
ֹսɳܲ𴳣ǿߣȻ˿شŵĻ
սɳܲʮоŸ߾ǿߣ
սɳʵɼһߡ
սɳСӶԱóСӵƣҪȥܲμս
Уȥɣ
ػ߿һݵƣȻսɳĶֱӷУݽȥ
ֱҵսɳĹ£һǼλǿߡ
£Ҫսõʱ֮ˣ¶Щ죬̧ͷݡ
սɳأҪʱ֮Ҫսɳ룬ȻһսɳǿߵսɹţԻýʱ֮
սɳսȻ򵥣ΪսɳɳˣҲǴﵽλ
ãСǣ
սɳĹˣҲ£ֱӴݳһطȥ


671 ʱս
ܹڴλãʵȻƲ⣬ǰܼңӦǼ۷λ
ŶҪʱ֮
˼ܾû˸սˣȥ
ܿ죬սɳĸ߲㣬֪Ҫսʱ֮Ϣˡ
ʱսǿߣ˳һ־սɳʵӹɡ
Ҫսʱսݣ
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ݵͷȴһЩȻǰʱսһּΣյĸо
ָовϢҪǿңݴʱսͣò
ûд޷ϸòݵĸоǺͬһռƵģͺں⡣
ռŤ˸޷̽
ʱշѾﵽһֲֿľ磡֪ΪʱսĲٿؿռԵʡ
зУʱշΪֲ
ΪʱͿռ䣬һҪųһ磡
һ˵Ҫޱȵģʱսȴƿǿߣǵ֮Ĵܡ
棬˵սɳʱսţ棬ǵĿʱĲӿǰδе𺳡
ڶȰɣСӣһ£ڶ磬ͨ۷ҪСһ㡣
ʱսЦŵ˵ʱΧĿռҲ
лʱս˵ѡ
ݹ˹֣ʱսȻԿݵʵҲֲ֡
ڣڶУʱսԴ·Ը
ǣڵĴ¹ĵͷ
ݣɣڶսУİɣԳǵĴս
ڶ˵ݺڶȫ߰˸߲㣬²һԹս
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Уɽˮз磬һȽʱҲнǿĳٿԳǿߵĴսݺڶˣȻҲڻ¡
ܹóһ磬ݶսɳʵ˸̵˽⡣
ʱֻҪʱ֮
ҪȲʵ
λ𣿡ݶǰǧʿһ䡣
ǸˣĿ࣬׺ɢǿƣȴҲ
ɣңͿԽʱ֮ˣ
ڶЦ粽ǧɣһ޴ģɫвɫɫͶӰ˳
𡢷硢磬Ҳ˲Էԡ
ԷͶӰ˲ס磬Ȼȷˣݻᣡ
ݱ޿ɱܣҲ׼ܡ

ɫвŵϹ⣬ɫͶӰУͻȻһɫͶӰƣɫռϷ磬ѽɫͶӰѹ·
ʲô
ڶɫһףֻеԼܵҵ𵴣Ѫڶɵı˼֡
⣬ôܣôܺҵԿڶ󾪡
ѾƲˣ̫ȥͶӰ£âڶС
εĽâҫ⣬ÿһâϣһͬ߰ϵƣ죬âɫ׵Ĳƽ֯£γһ޵ڶС
ݵ羭ɱ󣬶γɵı졣
ݴʱӵϵ֮ͽ̫֮֮񽣾ϵĴѾ̺ϵԣ̫ɽҲ˱죡
׵£̫ɽǿ
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ݶֵһɲǣʱսѾݿ͸ˡ
ʲô̫ŽǸƾͿɱ¼λĿֲǿߣ
һ߲㾪
ûд

ݲ֪ڣѾռ˾ԵϷ磬ڶҲ벻ԼᱻһλѹŴ
̫ڸ߿գųǧĽâ಻ĳڶңټ׵֮ÿһâֲޱȣڶȫʡԣʶģ
ûˣҵҪһԣ֮ᣬʱԼλˣۣ֮Ĵڣ
Ȼȴ
Դϴγͷ֮ݾͶԼģţ˶Ĵڣʵһ߷ͽ
Ψһڴľǣ㹻ʱ䣬ΪʱѾˡ


672 УĽ
ˣʤٱȥˣݵСһʱ֮ɡ
ŲʱڶѾǱѪȻûܣȴľֻܱƵмܡ
ʱսҲûٿȥֱӶԴڵ˵Ҫ鱨Ǹҽһˡ
ǣʱսһ˿Զͨսڹĵͷ
Сѣϲ㣬ѾͨˣڶǶסְɡ
ڵƺƵĴС
ԣһջ̫񽣺ͶӰڶ¶һĨģȴ޿κΣȷսȥҲֻܵķݡ
ڶǰղŵˡݶڶһЦ
û£СѺڶһ죬ݵ
˺ͺ˳硣
´ˣǸڶ֮߳һЩΡ
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ݣҪסֻаʱ䣬֮ԸԸ⣬㶼Ҫ
һ߶ݷԸһߴݣһȥ
һᣬһտ֮ݱǰ֮סˡ
һ⣬Ҳûطڸ߿У޴ΰ·ҪҪǣ֣·ʱҪʧںС
ʱ֮ΧʱûǵԴߣˣ𣬻߱ʱʱնϲȥ
ڵĻЩëȻݹʱ֮κεĿ֮
ݶʱշҲǲͣȻûдﵽλʵݵͨһֻأǹʱͿռġ
֪ʱ֮֮У᲻Լһɿշ䣿
һ
ʱڴͻȻӡӿʱ֮ʱ֮һݳһţӱ˶ʱ֮
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Ҳ飬һʱ֮ɵĴţɿĴʱ֮С
ûеһ˲䣬ʱմŶϿŹرգʱ֮ΧʱһŰ

ʱ֮
ݿŸоԼȫϿϵңԼڵƬռ䣬ޱ߼ʣûգûдأһжûУޣֻ޾ޡ
濴ʱֻ֮һ㣬Ҳһѣʱ֮;ػһԴİֳ
ʱֵ֮ʱ֮Ҳ
ػ棬չֵǷ֮Ҳǹ
͹籾Դǹԭ
ƿʱԴ壬ҵΪһһʵķԾǼλ
ﰵ뵽˷ʱ䣬ת۾С
ʵϣһ̣ͷİ壬￴ޣǣȴ޾ʱ֮Ϳռ֮ʱչţչʾ繹ɵİ塭
ݵʱ򲻵УҲܹп֪һ
һɿմʱ̫֮
뵽ʵϣҲˡ
ʱ֮УεʱͿռ֮汾ԴаУѸӻɬ汾Դ壬򵥵ķʽ
ɼʹ򵥣ҲͨķҪӵĶࡣ
ݱ۾ܹĸоʱ֮ĵȥ۲ÿһʱ֮УĹ켣еĿĺͰ塣
ݵҲʼֳһ˿˿
ʱ֮;طΪ鴫ʿİġ
ͺʿֱеĿеİ塣
һһ˿˿ݵʼĻȻҲоԼ壬ʼһ״һߡ
رǣݸоԼ˫ۣ·Ȼȵģݲеʣоһܡ
£ʱ֮еݣȻ¡

ˣдˣ
Īڷо꣬ʧȥݵϢ֪ʱ֮С
ݣĵɽ硭
ڸ˽ģЩ죬Ŵλ˴ˣǿʼϣҾ˵ѾдıѾϷľػȥ
¶ˣɽ籩¶ˣĪ֪ɽ糹׵ı¶ˣΪɽĲ֮ھػ
磬ҽ


673 ݳأһ
Ͽ֪ͨСǡĪЩżڱչأҲֻԼ취˶ûС
ѹĪиеѹﵽ磬Ǽλʵ
ٶȺܾˣĪ֪ⳡ˵ʵ΢
ȥˣսɳȻʱ֮еݣûȥݣ濴ûб仯ڲȴӿҲж
֮ܶľͷ׷׵ĳˣ
һº󣬾Ŵλ׷׳뿪Լ
ºھػţ
еʿоľ죬ʼҵ·ĩˣ

ʱ֮У޵شϥݣȻ˫ۣǰʱȻŤ
ݵϣȴ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ʱ䡢ռȫﵽλʵݵϲѾܹݸ˵ǣʱ֮ˮ˵
ΪԼ츳ͨһɿգʱհٶȣ٣
ңݸоԼ˫Ҳ䣬һֺõ䣡
ʱݵ䣬һȥʱպڶ֪ͻС
ˣʲôʱˣѵʱδ
ţһ뿪ʱ֮ʱ֮Χʱݵʱ򣬱
ڵ磬磬ҲǼλǿߣ
һɲǣݵɫͱˡ
ĪУĪУشң
С죬С
ݵͻȻɷף֮ǰ˵ϵʱ֮ݲ⣬ڣΪʲô֮ĸӦûг֣
ΨһĽͣǳˣ
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⶯ңǴӾ֮ϣػǱߴģж𣿣ݶ˵ͻȻʧԭصĿռ䣬֮ϸȥ
ҴҵݣûзִʱսɳܲǿյһƬ
ô
ݿһУȫˡ
֮ϣһƬ磬޽һػʲôҲûУҲϷطסģʹȶ
ʱ򣬾֮ѾʿۼҴʱڽһս
˫ۿŤռ䣬Զĵط
ӳߵģǾŴλһ۵ߴսĳ
ǵÿһ춯أǵͶӰÿһζײѣ
ͷϳŴλսߣɽ紴ߣɽͷҲǰ
ʱİȴûͣͦΣݵȴʧɫĸ
ŴλȻһʱ䶼κ
ݻŰͶӰÿһζײ磬Ҳɽ磬ͬĩյĲѿðڤ棬ձѣʯǡ
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۾죬ɿգɽݵ۵ס
ɽȺ¶Ŀ񱼰ݸоԼһ⵶ݺݵĴˡ
ڵѪ
һվһ
ȭͷյָڷףоĵڵϢڷɿ½֮ټϲһеŴλӲ֧Ų˶á
ȫԼԿ˰
򣬽ǳ֮ģ㲻
ͷҪӲȥɣ
Ŵλһߺǿķһ߶԰˵ͬըס
գΪǿԵõǳ֮һȺڻҶѣɣϷ򿴿νľŴλж
ʹҪȥ˵УȻ죡
ͷԲѣΪ㻹Ǹ׼֮𾳽ǿֻһоľͷѣҲǻҪ㣬ڡߡ
ЦЦУ˲м
Ҫϻɱ磬ǳ֮˵
ŴλĹ
ľ죬·Ҫһ㣡

ҪȥĿŰȥɽ类٣Ļֿˣȫ𡭡
ΪʲôΪػΪػˣΪػļ磬Ϊˣ磬ΪŬΪƴ
ۿͿҪɹˣҲﵽǼλˣţٸһʱ䣬ԿԺ;Ŵλ⡣
ɡһжˡ


674 תʱգΪۣ
Ҫǿٸһʱ䣬ҪʱԵˣҪǡ
źǣϣû
ѽˣûôʱ䲻ԵˣֻĿԼļ԰٣˱𡭡
Ҳģ
ȫ£ޱȡ
ͻȻԺһʱ䵹ʱ䵹
૵ͬʱԭѵͻȻðϣ
ԭҪǰȥΪԼļ԰ŬʹҲ޺
ǣԺͻȻһȷ뷨
ʱûвܵ飬ֻҪԼȥƴɽǰ·һ·
߬ȭͷԺͷԽԽǿҡ
Ҫתʱգʱ䵹ҪһУ
ͬɽ㣬ɶƵӿ˳
ƴƴһѰɣ
ûд׼תʱգ뷨νֿҪתʱգ
뷨Ǳ֪϶˺ȻЦǷ˰ɣôܣתʱ飬ôܷ
ȴţԼԵģ
ʱ֮гݶʱշİѾ򵽾裬ʱմ
Ҫ򣡡
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ֻǴʱһɿգѾʱһɿգʱհﵽλ£˫˱죬һɿҲ˱仯
գһɿգռѣʱ䶨
ʱһɿգʱ
е磬ʼģ˫סʱգʼˣͺ񵹴㡭
ԭںսλǵĶһĻԭһڰ׻ûľ󣬿ʼˡ
ʱʱĿʼˣƾԼʱձԴĿסʱգԭصˡ
ܹһ㣬㹻֤ݶʱյﵽ˶ô˵ĸ߶ȡ
ҪʱضҪ˽⵽汾Դ壬˽ʱİ壬ˣõˣ
ۡ
һѪоԼԪҲʱյĵˣɿʧ
תʱգΪۣ
ҪתʱգĴͬǾ޴ģ֮ԿʱգȫΪȼյģԼ
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Ԫۿɼٶȣɿȼš
ͨλֻԪԪΪǼλԪѾﵽĸԪɼʹˣôģҲЩܲ
ڸ
Ҳõİ취ˣתʱգôƴҲ޷סŴλ
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ǰĪССߣסŴλÿ˵ͶӰֱӺޣ𡭡
ǰŴλȫ룬ŷСɧңǿѹ
ǰյ֮ϡ

һĻĻľݵзӡ
֪Īǵ䣬ԭԭǱŴλɱˡ
У¹ˮ
ݵϣҲʼ˿˿ѪǺˡ
ǰڣʱ⵽˰ǰݵԪȼһԪҲʮꡣ
ֱʧȥһԪԪ
ʱ򣡡
ݿǰľʼõɽľλãȻټλϢǡ
Ҫ¿ʼ
ݷתʼͣ¼ȥԼԪȼΪסԼȥֹⳡɽѣ
ʱһվھ֮ϣѾûһˡ
ǰûдתʱգʱջصǰ
ԭʱһʱ֮ʱĪлڷţ
һ˺ʱգص졣
š
ϢĻصԼĸۡڵʵȻϢ˺ƿռ䣬κ˵ע⡣
ɰڴһ٣ΨһĻᣬаʱ䣬֮󣬾Ŵλͻ빥ɽ磬ʱһжˡ
ھ൱Ѿ֪Ժ飬飬ҪӦѾ֪飬ȥıʷ
ϥԼղתʱɵİȵϢã˳ȥ
ʱ䣬Ҫ漣Ϊɽȴҵˣ
ԼڣĪкСȻ˵
ﴫ֪ͨĪССߣһɽϡ
һʱ
ݺĪɽĵطһᣬСҲӰڳƬɽ
ĸˣһۡ


675 
ʲôתʱգǴӰģ
ݰеһжĪʱ˵ϣ¶ޱȵ𾪺Ͳ졣
Ȼǲš
δģʲôЦһ˵ԼǴλġ
ȻݣǣȻŻɵĿݣΪڿЦ
ǣǿһʱ֪ˣݲڿЦġ
ҪǣĪкС죬ݶͨûиоκε˵ͼ
ôܣ
Ī˵һ̫𾪣һʱᣬĺѽܡ
Ȼ֪˸еţһ֪鿪Ц⣬ͻټŴλɽڵλãǣȻڰǶɽҲҪһУǰ
ŬƽԼ飬Ķ˵
ǡǸô죿
ݣ˵ѣݵпԿ
ݵ񣬴ŨŨĵǡ
ʷĻһж޴Ӹı䣬ҼȻδˣҾͲñ緢ҪıʷҪ
ݵޱȡ
ڣǼλڵǲҪʲôֻҪŬԼﵽ۷״̬ңҪŬԼ
ݻ˵ļƻ˵
ʱĸ˸Էֿ
ֱǰ
ڵĴܼ򵥣ǾɱˣȻԼʵ
ԼʲôһǴδģδᷢʲô˵ָƣڶ㣬ݵĻ֮ˣ
ݵΪﵽǼʵĻ֮۸ǿҪǣݵĻۣ֮ʵɱ
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Ҫģȥǻһۣݺȵ
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˵ҪǸסңֻ·һ
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û뵽ȴݣΪʶݣΪоݵʵǼʵ춼ǿޱȡ
ȻҲǽȴֻλҲҶ̫š
ҪǲãֻԼȥˡ
ݵ˵
ҪҪʲôüʵ
ʸ֪𣿡üëһʵ
аʱ򣬱ſޱȡ
Լ֪ԼΪʲôôҲΪǸͷǸͷ
⣬壬ݻʲôɾµģ
ңȻִ֪磬Ҳ֪Լʵؼʱ̣ǲԸԼ鷳ġ
ԣԼǿһ㡣
Ҳ÷йԼԹ
ݵڣȻиеԹޱȣԹ޾ŴλΪǾŸˣɽѣ
Ȼڲұ¶ǣйǿԵġ
㡭ǰʿʵ̫ޱȡ
ҼˣǷˣǴ𣿡ͻȻݵģ
ţʲôţҲҴ㲻Ҫ˵Цˣ
ݴЦ
֮ͽĳ˷Ȱ㣬뿪򣬾ΪҲŭ⡣
Ŷȥɣ
ͶӰҪٷų
ס֣λСѣɣ



676 ݵ
ɣ
ԣɫ䣬Ҳڶ
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ȷڲԼ֣Ȼˣβúõķйһأ˵ˣԼġ
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ҲĶ
Ҫģ̧ͷӿЩ˿ǼУҳƵġ
ŵϣȴźۼĴһˣһϮۣϣΧ׵ѹռ䣬ΪȻﵽ¼λ
ˣһλһؽһݵע⣬ǽ
¶ĲǡǺȫĽľˮ磡
ˣһ䡣
ŶҲЩ죬ãƵǸڲҪ֡
ȻǾܾˣ
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ڹؼʱ򣬳һһԳҪﵣģԼƻӰ죬ԣܾˡ
һ²һ£ҿݣмҳϣ
ҲܾܾܾңݵĻȫȻˡ
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ѾĴûµģǣ
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ⱦȫµΪ֮ģ
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ֻҪǳ֮ģ֮Ǵ˵
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ѽ˾ǴͣһС˵©ˣĪ֣߱ˣֻǲ֪ͣҲ߳ȥ֮󣬻᲻һС˵©죬ʱ綼֪ˣʱɾˡ
ݵĻ棬Ѿıв
쵰
ɷϣеɱݵĳ嶯ˣȻɫ䣬߬ȭͷָڷףǴ
סˣЩ£߳ŭ£ϢڣʱʿС
һ룬;һļ£ˣǾŴҲƿزס־氡
ΪΪʳԹԣȻ֪ݵ֪ϢǲҶġ
ʵҲǷǳŵģڶģڷĶĲעɽ磬Լ
ݵϣȻһƵģ
ãݶ԰ɣҷǳ㣬ӭͥ
ԭϣͻȻ¶崺Ц⡣
ʲôȻĴӦˣ
ڵλ׷׵ˣʲôʱʼȻҪܵ˵вЭˣ
ΪݣŰ費һļһϣ
ǲ⣬ǲ֪ļɵǣٶ಻ҲܱΨһģóŭӣݺݵĶݣ
ݵǣҲ¶һĨЦ⣬һĨĵЦ⡣


677 ³
㱣֤ԺΪеǳԺģ
Ц
ϣ˰ɣݣˣһȥɣ
һߣĵ
Ҫ빬Լȣȴˣ˲˵ʵҶҲʵҪ㣬ҲʵҪңбҪѻ˵ף
ݵĻ˶ŭ
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ݣΪ˭˸ӣ㻹ô
ݡ
죡һݺȵȴסʵŭˣõ˵θԼ£
ܼ򵥣ʵҲ˵֮ԼΪȨģ
ʼڼ֮󣬻ŬᵽǼҪǣ˵ʱ򣬶Ͼұֵʱˣ磬˵ĶᵽǱһύҪȴӦһ£Ǿǣᵽ֮Ҫְλһ
ݵĻնĵ
Ҳ̫ʨӴ󿪿ˣ㵱˭Ϊݵеŭ
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˵ĲȨͲƣʵҸ裬𣿡˵ţ¶Щϣ·ȨͲƣ¶˼̰
ڵģʮֶۣεۣ
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ղŵһУǼٵģǻӣĿģô
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ʱʽɫ䣬ȭͷ߬һȥ

ΪʲôǸһôݣؽʵѣ
Уʽһ߲Ķ
Ǹһߣ̰ĽΪǵСѣҪңȴ֪˭˭ȵʱΪһ𣬸ߡ
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ݲŭˣŭˣرʽݵԹŨصġ
ΪģֻΪڸղţҪȥʱͻȻһ仰
ʣǲǶҺܲǲǶҺԹޣ֪ңҲκҲˣҵʱʱһ֮֮ϣһҪҵǰ
ݿĻ׵ļŭʣÿλԼİȴݺݵʽĶ⡣
ȻҪһĽ¸䳪ʽ׵ŭˡ
Ҳ˵ݻǸǸʽҲ۲
ǣʽӲıסݺݵһۣ˹
ڣ˵бҪԸһ棬ѹֵʱȻʡ
ݣ˵ʣǲǸЩʲôأ
һĨЦݵĸۡȥ



678 СүȺʱ
СӻĴ󵨣ƽ綼£Ҹ˵Դ󣬿ʼո˵أ
ʽݵĸۡȴĪ綼á
СӣҪúʰһ٣
ʽһ䣬һȻĳݵĸۡУһѵΪû𣿡
ʽѾ¶ҪһͷˣĻҪҴʹ졣
ţأ
ո̤ʽɫ΢΢һ䣬֮޵ɨۡȴ֣ûһӰ
Ҳ˵ݲ
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ȥҺȻûˣۡûһˡ
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˵ݸû뿪ۡ벽ôܲڸۡأʽɻѵҪң
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Ϸ͵ˣʲôţʽɴһݷλϣƷ農
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ʽЩͷˣķҵڷⲽ︹̲ѣֵ뵽ݣȥУǲǸȥ濴һ
ʽЩңԭҪһѵǣû뵽һա
ʽҪȥʱ
Сڵ𣿡
ʽղŵϣͻȻһ٩
ʽжȻһȻתϣЦЦĿԼ
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һ˲䡣
ȻһͶӰȻڷڣ˲סʽͶӰֵɲǣɫ񽣻â̫ɽ󣬰ʽס
һľٶʽ˿Ļᣡ
ʣСүҾ͵ʱˣ
һεȴʽݷ·ӿռ˳һֱڷڣֻ˿ռ壬ڿռС
ʽ֮޷֡
ݳֵ˲䣬ϵݣȴͬĭ飬ǻӰʽע侫ɢĻӰ
ݵôãǵȴᣬʽķңټϱͻס鲻Խת
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أʽһâֱӰ֮ǰꡢ֮磬ͳͳİᣡ
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680 Ҫģ
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681 Ǻ
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絶ݺݵ˽ȥֻΪצֱֲ֮ס磡
ټˣҵ
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ĵɵùԲУɫʷɿʧȥ磬Ѿɿı룬ղŻħƹХϵ죬Ļָ˰
Ŵλ֮һ䣡
ɿ֣Ȼ׹ȥδһ㣬㻯Ϊ촷ۣڷɢ
Щң䣬ĵһѾ̤ȥˣ
Ѿϳص֮ϣһħ񡭡
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ĿݻɱȫһĳĬǸݻԭΪݻֿɱ
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682 ݵֶΣ
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һΪ˵ͷ
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ݣ˼ǣɳӣ֮һĻһͷĻɫͬȼյףݵ
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ĵطкŸ˸ûʲôʵʵĸ飬ϵһģֻǰ磬ǳ֮ġ
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ĪУС졢ǰǰգɱһλ´Ȼ󡭡
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ʱĪ˺̫ҲļĪбŭĶ̫̫ôҲһ֮ôܹã˵ˣɱ˻񹬵Ǹˣ͸ÿһˣΪǸúŪǲǣ
Ⱥں˵˵ʲôʲôʱȥɱ񹬵ˣ̫˲Ҳ
֪ðĻˣȥ
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683 ϳ
񹬺̫ԭˮ֮ƣĵ󽫱ɱˣһе֤ݱָ̫ʾû뵽̫ϣһҡ
˫ѹõŭȫֱ˴ս
ԭάֵĹϵһѡ
ûж֣̫СȻҶҶ֣׷ŭˣ

һ޴ޱȵͶӰ֡
쵰ܾˣΣȻ˺Ƥ̫ȥˡ
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𣬴࣬Ź󣬾𽵣һƺƵĿھͶӰУվŹλͻȻ־޴ĻǻӰʵʵڵģӵ֮ķ
Ÿ޴ͬĻÿ˵϶һӰСȼܵĻ棬ޱǿơ
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ӣǧˮ̫̫ˮɽ̫˫һţͻȻӿ޾ˮ
ˮ֮ˮ֮ˮ
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Ҳ׵ĺܣ̫ϲԣôֹء
ڣȵ˼Ҫͱƣ˶˵ʱЩסˣˣסְɣڴȥģʲô飬ȰѰϼһ˵
֮һ𣬾Ϊ˶ԸǶһЩļ£ǿǴﵽ׼֮ǿߡ
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ˣˣ԰ˣ˺ѿռ䣬֮巢ֱӴͶӰˮĹУ˵м䡭


̫սĺۣûпˣͻȻǼͬһʱ䷢һµİ
ʲô
Χ۵ͬʱɴ۾ŵĿųϣ
ݵͬ޵Ĵڣ˫ֱס˵磡
ﳳָȻҪôɴȥɣ
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ܿ죬ݸҪ֮Ȼӿ˫Уһ䣬¶һĨ̵Ц⣡
̫ҪңټǿԺˣ
ĬĬૣ˫һ



684 ľѣ
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ΧԲֱӱۿɼıը˲ޣеһУǿƵѹ
ãߣһæǸչͨѱըನ
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ڱը룬ȴˣ֮壬԰ȫǵħ
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ˣܱȰ˸˺öԸ
ˮڣѾʣˣݣһԳɹġԼ

λˣԲΪô򵥣ҰģһеĻҪ󣡡
ؽƣһڣ˵ɫޱȡ
ûдλݽı֣Ҷ伫Ȳģصȥ˵ݣõĽҺΪԾȽɫ࣬¶Щɫ
Ƚ˵׷׿Ƚ
ǵɱ񹬻´ɣȽˣ˵ǰҶû˽⣬Բʶˣǰȥһ飬ȴ˾ܣ˺ʶģǺѣսɳ҅ѣΪСӣ¹ʤ˷ֿݺǸĪеһڰڣԡ
ȽȻû˵ȥʵȴѾǰ
Ҳ˵ⳡìܣݹģҪɱ̫ˣ
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ȽĻ˶ˣǶɵӣԽԽпܡ
Ҫɱǰһ˵˵
˵ݵĿľԲô򵥣Ƚ˸ž⣺пҪǳ֮ģģ
׼֮ɱǣһ˶Ը𣿡һЩɻ
һʵҶûаնԸûдﵽ׼֮𣬿ҲǸʵԶˣԣԣҪ֣
ȽŻǺҲΪֻҪ־㹻ˣ߻ɱǣҺпܣᶯ֣ʣʣȫɱˣȥսȽ
Ǹô죿๬ԣҲǲ۵ǶǵĶ֣
ȻҪǣ˵ȫΣգǱȥ
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ԣȽ˵öԣԴУȰɱˣǻˣԸҲо޴ʤ㣬˵ҪлݣһӰǸɵ֣
һ͵
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ԣݣɱǣ͸ɱǣȥ๬͵
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Ȼ׼ˡһǶȻǷĪǵݣŻĸо
Ժʯ˼ŶԲߡ
ȻݲǵĶ֣ҪӣҲǲܡ
ȴҪӣǵߣиĻǶ֡

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ΪǱЦҰǳȥ֣ǲлң˵ʲôΪ𣿡ݵЦɫһȴ˵ҶǶְɣ
ݸɴҲĨǣֱӵĵҶˣ촰˵
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ҲɱǣǾͲɱңܻ֮һսǳֻ֮һȴЦǶװʲôߣŸ˵ɣҪɱңȷҲǵĶ֣
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ݶ֮֮ԼоԼҪҡˡ
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ֻҪǷǰˣһԲ뵽ݵĿĵʲôǣû˿Է֡
ѾȥˣȻԼ֣ԱһţԼҪǸƣȻףȻˣþƱø̼һЩ

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ԭˣͨԭھػĶˣݰϢʱǰ׷һ
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ݸԶԶģһְȫУȴЦ
ڵ߷ʱԹ磬߷ûдﵽͳһԳٳûж֡
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ﰵԺȴʯ˲뵽˶Բߡ
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ģȥ磿
ӦǵģҲ˵ܹʼˣ
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688 
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689 
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һɿգⷬƣ
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ݸܷɿĵ꣬Ƶէ



690 սʹ죡
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СӣһвʣͷҲСǰһ
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ݣǾһʵĶս´ʱѾûж˰ɣݣתʱҲûãʤվңɣνķ
ʱսЦ߸ϵʤʤһݣǳ֮ҵģһԳΪ˵еĺ֮Ҳҵģϵ£ֻʱսһ˶ΥҵˣҪ
ʱգҪ˵̫ҿŤתʱգһʲôҲҪ赲ңҾ
ݿʱսӿޱȵļ
ʱգϹͷȻѾˣԸ㣬ûģҪǳ֮ģɣ
ѹƣޱȡ
ŶɵӣֻһƾҲҪ赲ң
ʱսۿݣݣҵĴû뵽ȥʱ֮֮󣬾ȻʱձԴ˵ףܹߵ죬ǿҵİء
νϾϣŹ㣬ұǿ󣬲վϣǲƷһֻģҾֻ󣡡
ʱսУ˰
ʸˣûһĶ֣ݺͰѾһƣĴսľ޴
ǣ
ĪУС죬ߣٶȸգղŵսֻǰ࣬ھսʱ̣ҪˣǷһѰɣ
УĪе
ղŵһУֻǰ࣬սŸոտʼ
ԭΪɱ˾ŴһжԽˣԶԶûô򵥣ʧˡ
ȴȻҪսǾսʹ죬սĸһЩɣ


691 ۷ĶԾ
ڷϻˣʱսҪõǳ֮ģͷɣ
ݿʱս
ã־־ˣ磡
ʱսмĿݡ
ݣˣ
ʱĪ˳ڻգ̳߸֧Ԯ
ŶоȱСɫѣȻˣǸպãڻȪ·Ҳи飡
ʱսƳһĪˣҲֹǡ
ݡĪ˺Ͱˣʱսһ
ʱս£ͽˣݶ˵
ãݣҪСģ
˷üƻ
ɽʷǷԸı䣬Ҫⳡ۷壬ʱ̵ĶԾˣ
սɣ
׼ֵĶ֣ǣˡ
ӭʱսһǰʱսµҲĪеӡһ
ͶӰȥ
ݶ˵ʩչͶӰţ̫Ҳ
ЩûãʱսЦһ
ݵͶӰǧâҪסʱսʱʱսһ䣬Ȼȵʱиת
ʱսһӣĿռ俪ʼҵŤݵĹҪӴһɲǡ
Χռγһ޴УֱӰݵͶӰǧâȫɽȥ
ҺǾŸﲻͬĹͶûã
ʱսЦĪеĸˣҲսӴһС
ս䶯е˶ƴȫ
ˣǿ˺ⳡսǿԲġŴ¼˲ҵĴս¶־壬æ뿪ա
ľҲǾҵĩա
ʿ̻̲գ֪ʲô顣
գˣ
ǧʣ̾ϢֻҪλ֪׷ʲô飬ҲõһЩϢ
ǵʵҲκβˡ
ⳡѰϣԾƽǧ˶ĬĬš

ûã
ݱһһ޴ͶӰ֣ͶӰȴһΪߣ
硢סľˮ
߸ӰݵĲٿ£һķλʱսֶȥ
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ݵĴݱͶӰɵĴ
̫飬˫赣̫߱󣡡ԶԶǽ֮ݷƯڸ߿֮ϵ̫ͻȻ貵µ⣡
̫ɽһ仯ֻ̫ͬһΪߣÿһ̫񽣴ǧâһӰС
̫ɽǳĺ̬
е˼ʱս״ɫҲɵ΢΢һ䣬ͶӰݱ󷨣ݵǴ
ĸоɢĶ·Ҫƣ
ݣ˵ķҵʱշ£ûõģʱսȴǲ塣
ʱиݣķҲҪҵĴתУǣʱѲУ򲻵ңʲôã
ʱսЦʣſ⡣
ռһοʼҵŤͿҪγһ޴ޱȵĿռУеĹȫתƵʱѲȥ
ʱսƺˣȻʱսʱݣͬҲʱձԴ壬㻹ǲҪ˵̫磡
Цһʲôתʱգҹλԭ
ʱձԴڶ֣ݵ˫ͻȻɿնһƬⲢһɿգʱͨ˫ۣʱձԴʩչ
ʱսԭŤʱգ·ܵĸţֿʼһĻָƽ
ʱոѣҸѣʱս״ɫһ䣬æӽԼķƣ
ʱգֿʼӾŤ
ѸƨСүָһҧ⣬ʱձԴ֮ӿȥʱսŤĿռ䣬һλȶ
ʧ󣡡ʱսһǣͻȻһΪڸղŵһ£ݵ̫߱ѾԼ
쵰
ʱսŴԼס棬ʲôŭ˼ˡ
ܹʱձԴ˵ȫΪԼ
ǰǰսɳսҪʱ֮ǸʱԼ֪ݽΪԼĵˡ
ʱսǱҲݽȥġ
˵ڡ
ǣûʲôҩҲû·ʱսֻŭĽһС
¡¡
ݵ̫߱һշԲǧڣռѣձûκζֻһػ
վҵĲ·ʱҪݣǣػȴΡȻʲôҲ֣
̫߱ӰźصХڴʱսȥӰըѣǧĽâʤ
ʱսУֱײȴ޷ȥ춼޾ĽâӰ
ݾȻڶ̶̼غϣռϷ磡


692 
ݣ쵰ʱսѣôܵڻܹʩչôǿķ󣬲ܣѾһսˣյڵʵӲ߳ɣ⣬ôܣ
ʱսЩš
ݸղŴսȻӮˣǰʱս뷨ɱˣҲҪ֣ڱֳʵȴȸղŻҪ
ǳս˵ֻѣʱսΪһӢۣҲĿļһѣ
ʶЦȻܰԼ֮ĺôѵҪ˵Ϊ֮ǵˣԼģȻԱʵԭ
ʱգҲƤһ㣬Ѿûˣ
Цһ⳰Ļñڴеʱս׷ŭˡ
ݣɷϣǿСˣҲ̫СˣѾʸҶȫˣҲֻõȥˣ
ǾؽңʮһؽеģҶУûеģȴУ
ͻȻʱսһ
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ұ
ʱսڣӿͶӰͶӰշųԼըѿʱսҲܵǣһѪ
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ͶӰըѣֱ̫߱ƿһʱս˺ѿռ䣬գ̫ͨ߱ҪѾˡ
ݣܺãɹļŭңôȥɣ
ʱսɭɱ
Σػ磬һű䣬ӵ䣬׼ͨ췣
ʱսɫޱȵ£΢΢ۣӿֳɫ֮
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֮𣬻۳ɾŲ⣬һֱӳϻ֮ϣ籾Դ֮С
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ʱսۣޱȡ
ã췣ֻһʹﵽͨĿֲݣܣ
Ȼ֪ζʲô˿
췣ʱսþ֮ģ籾Դת壬ϣ»ص֮
Ҫӣʱսһ䣬˰οնͬ䣬µˣȥɣ

ͻȻ֮䣬ľͷԴͨͨ쳹صľŲ⴫ݹţ޴ޱȵľŲȻըѿ
ʱսΪģըѣе֮Ҳ֮ں϶ɵըѣ
һըͬˣ˷ӿȥգۼ䣬ϯԲǧ̶ղȥ
һŰۿɼ̺ߴ·Ҫգͳͳϴһߣ
һУ񷣣һжɣʱսЦպƵ
Ҫʱս
Ҫң췣һʩչԼҲƲˣǿһ֮£Ӧøеңľ죬ҵģҵģ
ʱս·վںľͷϵ飬·Ļϯգ޲𹥻ֻҪڻյˣܵĲ
쵽£һգ۾ǧﷶΧ
Ļ쵰
ʱսʩչһеʱͷ˲Ű֮£һӶûгŹ
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ݱֲĻ췣һ췣һоԼҪΧʱնܣ
ǧһ֮£ʩչ֮壬ݵռ
ĪСС죡
оصǿԼŰȥһģĪĸ֮һ
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ֻʱս£ֱûڹŰ˳У̵ͷûʣ¡
ĪأޱȣȥͻȻԼԶһĨ貵ɫǳ֮⣬ҫ۵£ʹ췣£Ȼҫ財
ǰͷһϲϵɫʱǵͨ죬˾ƣ˫ֽһֵķӡŹĶڣ޾ǳ֮ӿ˳һСɫ֣
ƴȫǳܻ֮ǳ˵̺ǳ֮γɱֱˡ
ĪССڹнŵĿŰȴҷ
ͷŲסˡ
ĪпŰ¶˵ǣʱɫޱȣ˿˿ѪҺŭĿɣ᾵ӣʼҵĲ
ǡ
ͻȻǳ֮ɵɫ֣ͻȻѿһѷ졣
ã
Ī˴ʧɫɫ֧Ųסĸ˶Ҫ


693 ɣ
Ҫҵģɫ԰ףȴ쳣򶨡
һҧ⣬³һھѪʱǳ֮ɵɫ֣ѿһ˿˿ѷ죬ͬܵ˼Ĳ䣬һθԭ
Ǻþֻ˼룬ɫҪѿ

һҧȻȫӿǳ֮ԭ԰׵µɫԤ˲ޱȡ
ãͷȼԼ֮ǳ֮ģ
Ī˾һǸоϢҲɿš
ǣֻĿŰΪΪ֪޷赲ǰôĸ˶Ҫ

ʱţʵ䣬˿ȴ·ɹһô
췣յӵһգ˾ػȻ֮⣬ֻʣʱսˡ
վĵģͬϴˢա
ˣȫڻ֮£ҷˡ
ιͷôˣɲҪոɢҲ֧Ųסһ·׹䣬ĪæסȴϢ
ģһʱỹˡ˿ĵ
Ҫ˵ϽϢĪ˳ΣΪǣͲô
˵ۿУỨ˸
ĪУǱðͷʣµģ
ԭ͸ĸֳ
ȻһҲûʱսˣͫɵһµ
ôܣ
ɱУȻһ˶ûлɱԼ¸ɵˡ
ʱսһʱ䣬ɫûһѪ
ݣôܻţʱսݡ
ˣȻšЦһȷ֮壬ȷڸղǳغƽٵĻ췣л
ʱս췣Ȼڣʩչ֮Ҳǿ֮ĩѣɣ
ɱݣα
ûдҵȷǿ֮ĩǣһлᣬҲʱսݳ˹ʯ
ġ
֪ںӲƴȻĶ֣ݵ̫߱ļ£ټϸղʩչ췣ʱս֮ľ
ڵԲݵĶ֣һ㣬ʱսԼҲס
ܾôˣҵĺİҵĻ֮𣬲ܾôûˡ
ʱս¶һĨļµ֮ɫ
ݿҪʱʱսͻȻĵݣŤתǬʱҲתʱգعǰʱһҪɱ
ʱսһ
ֻʱսէͻȻʧľ룬ţ˫ֽһķӡȫʱ֮ʼɿӿ
ŤתǬʱգҵˣ
ʱսҲƴһҧһȼԼԪǿŤתʱա
ʱտʼĲʼҪ
ʱգڣҲҪŤתǬΣʵһ
ʱսȻҲҪŤתʱա
ǱŤתʱˣԼһǶĭʱһȰһɱ
ôڵŬȫ׷ˡ
ʱսҪŤתʱգҪһأ
Ҳӡ֮ʼӿ˫֮С
һɿգʱչλ
ʱ֮ͨѾ̫ͼ˫ӿȥʱʱ֮ʱսʱ֮ײһ
ҪѿҪתʱգһΰ˻
ҵת
ʱսŭĿԲɣԪȼգձݰʱգһתơ
λӹλ
ɫ£ؽҧҲһȼԼԪԪȼգݵʱ֮Ȼʱһλָ
ݣΪҪҹȥһɱٻľÿһ룬ְڽɽΣ
ʱսҪ˵ݡ
룬Ҳ᲻ʳԣ͵ƾǰһԱҾ;𣡡
ݲգȻԿ
Ѿﵽָ߶ȣЩˣ϶ѣȫΣ
ȼԼԪ
ǾͺñڽһǰŵİκӣʱΪΪע
ȫƴĴ򷨣ƴģԼҲ˵֮УֻԻһˣ
ȼԪҪֻ֪Ҫûдﵽ֮ҪͷʹԪʹʮչҪһ
ȼԪۿɼļ٣ƴģ˭ԪľֻҪ˭Ԫ̸ľ͵ֿס
ȥɡ
ʱս߳ŭӴԪȼգɣݣ첻


694 ҵ
ǸˣȻ㣡
ЦһڱƴԪУʵռƵģΪ;У˲ʱ䣬Ȼתʱյʱ򻨷һԪԪݺĵ塭
Ϊ޼ԪϣҲ࣬Ԫӡ
ʱսȴǻԪʮϼһݵ䣬ҲǼѡ
Ťתʱյʱ򻨷һԪԪɼҲûʱսʱ䳤
ݲ£ƾ޴
ʱսȻҲһ㣬ֲʷֻƴȼԪƴ
˵ɫ԰ף˿˿Ѫ
ݣסݣ
ĪˣͱǷסİɵİȫݵϡ
ݺʱսĶս¹սֵĸı䡣
ˣؼһս
ʱսûлģҪŤתʱգٶԪݵĻʱսĶʹࡣ
˵ֻƴȼյԪ
յʱգ˵Ŀ£ҵ𵴣·ʱҪѣ·磬ҪǿߵĶ֮£ըѿ
˵ԪԼٶţƴˡ
һꡭꡭꡭһԪ
ԪȥˣﶼһЩˣȥȵԪȼôȴǵĽֻлҷ
ݣôƴʲô
ʱսͷð˶亹Ҳ
ݣӣʵҪƴƳȴΪ˷ƴӣ׳գ
ʱս
ʱսʱһ֣Զף飬ҲģҪһ顯֣ЩԶײˣûûаϣƳֻܹ֮µĿܣֻʬѣʱսϻ˵ȥɣ
ʶЦЦνмᶨ
ӣ׳գʱսֻݿ֪Σ޷ıݵľġ
ãƴȥԪҪȼն
ͻȻʱսܵԼԪѾԽԽˡ
ôȥˣʱղܾôһҪΪ֮Ҫľ죬ǵóѣʱٺҲ٣
ʱսѾ⡣
ںƴȥûаգʱֻп˭ĵӴ˭Ҽȥֵ˭ʤߡ
Ȼʱսˡ
ݣҾͷŹһ´һҪǰƤң
ʱսͻȻһȣʱ֮һȻݸɳȥתʱգԶȥ
ˣˡ
ݣɽģˮƣݻ֮ʱսҪӶݡ
øգһʤɣ
ЦһʱսѾ⣬Ѿǲ㣬ԼѾѹ
ȻߣʱҪԸɾˡ
ݶ˵׷ȥ
վס
̫񽣻һ貵µĽâ˹ȥ
ݣɷκβ㣬Ϊɱ𣿡ʱսЦһһӣΧʱջУҪ̫ȥ
һæ̫񽣣ʱѳ
ûдճ˵ҵȷκβʹռɽ壬ҲܽɱǣǷŻɽʱ鷳ˡ
Ժʯ˼ŶԲߡ
ˣȥˣһҧ趯ݵʱ֮Ȼӿ˳
ಣ
գ֮䣬Ѿ׷ʱս
ݣ˵ûõģڱҪǿһ㣡ʱս¶ЩмȻףԼѾκβݡ
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𣿣
ͻȻ˫һ죬ƻΪצһɾʹĿռ仯һ޴Уֲ֮סʱսס
ţʱսɫһ䣬չݣץסңҲɱңʱ֮ɱң
ʱսϣӿ˰
ʱ֮ɱ㣬أ¶һ˿ҲޱŨҵľѶȻ
ݵ˫֣ȻĿסʱս
ҪʲôʱսܵݵĶɵüҪѵʱͻȻһȡ
ʱսȻɱ㣬ҰҵΣ
ݵĻʱսһ㶣ʲô˼
һ룬ˣͬʱʱսɫȻıˡ
ҪӣǲǷˣ
ʱսͻȻŵź·˼Ϊֲ飡
ѵҪ
ĪĸˣҲͬһʱ䱩˫ۣŵĿݣݵľٶסˡ


695 ʱս
ݣˣ
ĪĸˣⷬٶζѾ֪ʲôݡ
˫ֿסʱսţȻǿбƳԼԪעʱսڣ
ԼԪˣ
ôһ飡
ʱսҰҵԪ㣬ҵҪûиܣܲ˵ĻǾͿȥˣ
¶һĨͷ
ݣӣͲû𣿣ʱս
ݵķѾ׵ĺºļˡ
ǾҪүҪ˭ˣ
ȴƽ쳣·ûиоԼš
ƴ֮£ʱսҪо
ݣǺοءĪĸˣһ̾ǵȻ֪ݵĿġ
λҲܲȻкƾõֻҪԼﵽ˴ޣͻ
ݾһ㣬ԼԪǿӵʱսڡ
ͺñȳԷݺʱսԪҲ˵뷹ǳ뷹ʱʱսѾȹԪ൱Ѿ뷹ֻҪڳ뷹ͻ
ݼԼȼԪתʱյһԪҲֻһ뷹һ㣬Ԫ࡭
ڣǰԼԪҲǰԼʣµ뷹ǿйʱսθ
ʱսݵ뷹ҲǱԪԪڵʱͻﵽԪޣӶ
ǣһʣԪҪʱսԪСĻôˣͻʹݡ
ڶĲԼʱսҪ
Ҳʱսݷԭ
ݣͲΪʲôأʱսͷ󺹣ľٶҲˡ
ݸҲʱսңϣԺúõĻȥ
ϻ˵ȥɣ
ݸԼڷɿŵԪû˿Ķҡ
ԻɱʱսֻôΨһһ취ɱʱսðȥ
ʱսֻһΪ˻ɱԸ⸶һУ
ݺʱսͬһʱ̿ʼϡ
ԭ⻪ƤʼڱаװߣƣǵͷںڡơҰסȫס
ǵܿʼ˥ϣǵĸйۿʼǵʼɿͷ
ӣӣӡܵԼֱ仯ʱսֻĴ𣬿ǵҲľĿͣ޹أšӡ֡
ݱòޱȵɫȴһƽֻһȥɱʱսȻؼҡ
ؼҡؼҡ
ݵĿ⣬·𿴵ңԶǰң棬ôһȺˣҹҹغȴ
ѩХ˵ӰһݵԺС
ѽҴӦǣһġ
ݲϵϣǸɿݵǣһĨЦ⣬һĨЦ⣬ͬһߵĲʺ磬գһĨĥĹʡ
ŵǣһĨزܶҡļ㣬һ˿Ժľġ
ݣҾǻ飬ҲŹġ
һİݿʼûǵӳһ˿
ֻоԼϵʱսԪڴﵽһֱ͵״̬޽ûдﵽ֮ľ磬˭Ҫ³߷ϴ
һֻأ֮µ߷򣬳Ǵ񣬴ﵽ֮ľ磬ſ
ûдﵽ֮ͨˣǿ˹ĽֻأеĲֻͨԪһ㣬Ԫһˡ
ʱսԪﵽ޵֮ڻҷ
Ʈɢһ̣ʱսһ
ǳ֮ģ֮𣬺֮ûˣһжûˡݡ
һֱһ̣ʱսȻûзԻ֮𡢺ִ֮š
һһһûеȥ
ݣĪһæסݣ˻һ
ҪϢ
ݶ˵۾Ϣʱ仺ţĪĸ˶ĿݵϢ
һӡӡ
ԭ޵Ƥʼɿˣһλָԭģǣݵͷȴû˿ת䡣
͸֧ԪĴۡ
ڣֻǧԪˣԪͨҲɶ࣬Ƕ˵ֻһգ۵ʱ䡭ֻǧʱ䣬ҾҪ鳾ˡ
ӿһĨ
չǰʱսɵˣ𣿡
뵽⣬ݵϣɵ¶һĨĵЦݡ


696 ֮Ψһϣ
ιݣСˡ
Īǿݾʱ򣬲һϲǵǿͷȻ׵ʱǶĬˡ
ιιʲô飬ڣӦף𣿣
ݿɫɵǵļЦð磬ȵľһ찡ŴˣʱսҲˣǵˣʱˣ
ԣʱˣףʱˣ
һۣӿЦݡ

ˣͷô
ݲϢĿʵ
ʱˣҿҪŲסˣ໹аµԣϲҵһЦ
ĸ˶˳Ĭ
ⳡսǸ˺ܶ࣬رǰݣδΪ˱Īˣֱȼ꣬Ϧ
ҲԼԪƴȻճɹĻɱʱսݵԪҲֻʣǧˡ
ģͷһʲô취ԻָġǿһЦ԰ο
ʱĻգ·𱩷գǰδеƽͣһеһжϴӣֻʣΡΡľػˡ
ұǸ˽ԼƣûõġҵһЦͻȻ԰׵ϣޱȵϽ
ݣĪУȻʱս;Ŵȫˣǣһ飬ǳļȡĻĸһ
ͷʲô飿
ҸղŲ˵ˣ໹֧Űңͻɢʱڰ磬᲻ܿƵ磬ûƿ򣬵ʱ򣬰ᶯѣ罫ᵹˡһ鶼𣡡
ʲô
Ļĸˣ׷һ
ζʧȥϵʱǸҲɽλãҲ޷ȥĻӵĿֺ
罫ᵹˣһ鶼𡭡
˵֮ģȫҪôеһУ׷ˣ
Ǹô죬ôֹܹ
ĸ˼ȵĿŰӿƵĵǡ
취һҿԻȥһ㣬ȻܣҲҪڱϣҵԪѾҲȼһգƾһ΢꣬Ҳֻ֧Ű¶ѡ
ÿ˵һ仰·ǳķһ㣬ĸ˽ŵĿȴ˵ֻǾš
ڶ취֮ǰѰϲľ죬Ϊʮ죡
ʮ죿
ĸͫһɵɻĿŰͷҪôſ԰Ѱϲľ죿
Ψһİ취ǻ֣֮ȿȡ˵գصĿ
ȥһ֮𰡣ӹŵ񣬺ֻ֮Ǵ˵ȴûмĸԽ
֮𣬺ųͬ𣬲𣬿Ǻӹ񣬻û˵˭ɹ
ԣϣã
ĸˣòż
ûдȷûﵽ֮ĳ̶ȣԣϣãѵĳЦ
ѵѵûʲô취𣿣ĸ˿ɫȶдϣ
УΨһϣǾǣǵУ˿ԳΪ֮Ψһİ취ӽ֮ģֻݣԣֻݳΪ֮𣬰оȣҪȻҺ飬ҷ𡭡
εĵңֻаµʱ䡣
ʲô
£Ҫ׼֮𣬳Ϊ֮ƺϣ󣬲ӦǸûпܰɣ
Ѿ֪ټԪˣԶ̫ʱڣڣ֪ڼԪУҲûгֹ֮
ʿܶ˼ʮ꣬ҲֻܹܴɣڣȴҪڰµʱڣǰŵĽ
⡭ܣ
ֻû취𣿣ĸ˿еΣɵĴͷɥȥ
Ƿ·е
Ϊ֮ϣãܡ
ѵҪˣĿԼŬͷˮţ
һеŬ׷ˣ
ѵҪԼĿɽ
ôݺĪĸ磬ƴȥսȥƴΪ˿Աɽ硣
ͷվҪΪһ
ҲģһҪΪ֮𣡡
ͻȻ̧ͷڵӣޱȵļִš
ԷѣҲҪȥһԣ
ԼŬܹǰ
ݡǡĪ˿ݣֹ
ôԣôԷǻڼȴǰ쳤Х
ݡ԰׵µϣ˰οЦݣݣһֱһ˵ܹͨػͿԳΪ֮𡣡


697 ػھŲͻ䣡
ػ֮𣿣
Ļĸǰ׷һ
ѽô˾ػˣ˵УֻҪͨػͿԳΪ֮ͬ롣
û˿ͨػ
ݡĪˣаݡ
ػұҪȥһ̽ˡ߬ȭͷûǰΪΨһһ˿ϣܶ
ݣͣĪˣаùݡ
һģһġ
صĵ˵ͷݲ
Ҫɽ磬ͱΪ֮𣬶Ϊ֮ĽӽǾǽػ
ɼʹˣ֪Ҫɹϣֻǧ֮һ
ʱ䣬Ϊ֮
Ҫʵǿ̵ܹڿˡ
ϣжôãֻҪϣҾͲᶨ֡
ңһɹġ
ݻĵУ͸¶ǰδеļᶨ
㣡·ݵȾĪĸ˵˵ͷ
ʱȣ̽ػ
ʱҲӣʱ˵Գֶ롣
Ϊÿһ룬ʮֵ
ˢ
ʧĸ˵ǰֱػĵһ·
ػֻҪﵽǼλԴ򿪣ȻҲʵ򿪽롣
Խ룬ȴδؿͨ
ľػһۣһǰȥ
֮һҪﵽ磡

ݣͣ㣡Īĸˣص̾һԼɣܲô̵ʱڣﵽ֮ľ硣
ȴ٣ֻﲻϵݿһΣǰδе漣
ݴûʧһΣҲһģ
ĪĸһۣϬ
ǱңҪϢٶɢǲҪҡ
˵꣬ϥһͬʯ
ͷӣ
Ī˳Ͱ䱣סΪ½ƣǷֳһ鿴ΧͬʱҲϢڲǰĴսУܵ˺
ʱĺľ죬һսϴһλָƽ
춼ȶѣֻǣеˣȴӴںľʧˡ
ŴʱսµľӢǣѾһѣһӺʧ
ʿ֪ǿȻһûжٵĸı䡭
ûж֪֮ϵĻգڽһ˵Ľ

ػһ㣬ݸո̤ʱ򣬶ʱоޱȵĸоסС
鲻ԽģݳͶӰԼסתһռ
нʱ֮ľ飬Ȼ֪޾ĻУ̲Ż汾Դľ԰塣
۾ݿʼȥͶӰɫĺС
տʼһ˿ȣ·Ҫڻ꣬ǵʱȵĸоҲʧݵĸоһֳ쵽쾡µĸо
ˮָо˻У·Ϊ˻棬һݱŻ淨ıԴ塣
һ˿˿򸡳ͷڻ֮ϣʹﵽ˽磬Ѿ˻淨Դ塣
ػݶԻ淨Դ壬ĸе
ͷȻһ̣ȻʧççУһ룬޾ˮ档
ˮľ硢סڰ
һŲÿһУ̺һַıԴ塣
ͬŵľطǴӾػеķ編֮ݱġ
ػͷʵһģȫһķԴʱһʱ
ݱǾλľˮ׺ʱշ壬Ѿﵽ˷Դľ硭
һ߲㣬ûлѶʱ䣬ܹҲһѡ
ݻʮҵʱ䡭
򣬺ڰ򡭡ַݲûнӴһЩѶȡ
ݿԳΪؽԷѾﵽһֲֿľ磡
ҪǣݷԼĻۣ֮Ȼֱ͸ַ塭
ѷӻɬıԴ壬һ򵥵ĵݵڡ
ݵľɿ죬̶죬ڵֻۻ֮۵İ£ݳɹ˵ھأ˺ڰ򡭡
˵ھŲĺڰӦÿͨΪ֮ˣƺҲ̫ˣ
ݾŴ󾳽ȫڻһͨʱȻۣﰵ
л֮۵İھػУǰδеĳС
ֵǣھŲڰԴʱȴûͨػĸо
ƵʱͻȻھŲȻĪı仯


698 汾Դ
ֻоԭһƬĵھŲռ䣬ͻȻţ޾ĺڰ֮Ȼһ޴ޱȵС
ֻоһ޷ǿ֮ˣȥһĵط
ǿݵ޷ݷԼһλָʱȴ֣ѾһĪĿռ䡣
ݶԲǵھŲĿռ䣬ǣ
Ϊ֪ԼûгȥػҲ˵ػ˵ھ֮⣬Ŀռ䣿
ݲˣΧо˼顣
طûûеأֻ޾ķ֮ת
˵УֻͨػܹΪ֮𣬸ղһͨھŲףû뵽ﻹһؿռ䣬һҪͨһأܹΪ֮𣡡

۾ݻȫĵⷽС
ȫһ̣ڸоⷽصİ֮
ľˮ׹ⰵعʱռ仯ΪǰضĹУݻΪһ硣
ͺǻģ籾Դתεİ塭
Ժֳ뷨
ֻҪ˾Ŵһ汾Դ壬ͿԳΪ֮
һƬأڸˣΰѱԴ
ȻѾŴȫ򣬿ȴΰһݶ˾ŴܻΪ汾ԴķһԲٿ汾Դʱݾ̤˻֮𣬲ľ磡
ⷽأ澡ͷģԴĹͨµת֧硣
۾ݷ·Ϊ򣬿ʼĸ汾Դİ塣
ʱ仺ţһǵʱ䣬ԼΣҲֻܹĲ汾Դ塣

ݶȻͷĵֻۣ֮۸һŻɵĹâȥһжڡ
汾ԴתԴ壬ʼĳڻ֮ۻɫͫУȻݵԺС
¡¡
ԽԽŨʱȻоԼԺȻըѡ
ţݵĻ֮ͻȻһĻ𺳲ѣĿĺ嫻档


699 
ݵĻ֮У𺳵Ļӳ֮ͫС
һž޴ޱȵĻ磬Ưţ޾ͻȻ޾µš
ǡ
ž޴ޱȵĻ磬ͻȻѿһ϶ţŻг׵˺ѿ
ƱãŰ
Уһӻգ۱󣬳ſѿĻ磬ϸΪգ½޾â£ŲģΪأ
һӻϾػڻ֮Уõرάȶ
ӻУöǳ֮ģһǳ֮ĻΪǳϢմأľ޵
ԭĻ磬ʼ鿪ʼޡ࡭
ػԼ̺汾Դ壬ʼںľС
ľ죬汾ԴתػǺľġ
Ũпǣʿ޳ޣ磬ʼ򷱻

һκΰ嫵ļ䣬ľӻڵĹ̡
֮Уͷ·ǳٵأ·оһ޵еĹ̡
ͬʱݶݱ䣬˸εס
һ˿˿ӿͷоԼڣڽĳֱ仯
ǶȻ䣡
Υߣɱ
ͻͺƵֱݵͷըֻеʹȻһѪ
˵ɳȥԺнݵĿհףݱĻ棬Ҳϣ
ߣ
һΰƺƵ죬ƺƵֱͷݵѪ
Ȼ䣬ռУͻȻ޾ľףÿһףź嫵ݺը
˭˭
ھѹſʮһͶӰסһƬ

ͻȻһڣݵǰߴ޾ͻȻµıãһǡεӰݵǰ
ʲô
һǰӰͬ󣬶ҸµǣǰվɸݵĸܣȴͬӰƬأ
˵صĻ
ӰͿĿûĿֻû״ѡ
ݵһ࣬ǰӰȴĻʲôԼȻۿˡ


700 
ʿѾһȨأ
ƹģƹ
ǣ˭ûм޵еͷȨ
ζžԵİԵ׻˵˳߲˼
ȴеĸܵĴڣȻǰӰֻǻӰ󣬿ǣȴое顭Լص
ԭ磬
ĿɿڴĿࡣ
ңеⰡǵסԼľףð亹
ߣ
ƺƵ죬ֻоѪȫ鲻Խģ·Ҫըѡ
֮ͬ룬죬ҪͼҪɱڣ
ʯ䣬һš
ðԵߣᱻɱѹֺԪûһ֮𣡡𾪲ѡ
죬ɱ
ϺȻӰͻȻųɱȻĻ
Ȼ䣬ȫѹȥ
һУԵ
ݾֵķ֣ΧӴԼѹ·޾ǺεȵĿֲ˹
ݻûüӦȻӴ˹ֱӵѹɷ飡

ɷʱ򣬷Ψһ
ϺƵ
ݱֻ֮ѹޡ
ݵ꣬ɿʧ⣬ܿͻҷ
Ҫˡ
֪ΪʲôݽӽһɲǣͻȻֳղԺγɵģݱĻ棡
ͬСۣӴ籩飡
֮ȴֱһεסһεĻָ
죬ɱ
һλָӷŭԽԽƵ
۰˺ѶٴΣһ˿Ȼһָǣ
ݴʱһУʧȥϵ
Ժֻʣ»ݱĹ̡
ʹȻǸܲ
Ժһɶݻ
Ĺ켣İ壬ߵĽϣıԴݵԺԽԽ򡭡
Ļۣ֮Ѿѻݱл棬ȫؿļ
ʱ仺ţݵַֺϺϣȴȫܲѾȫԺĻݱȥˡ

ѾˣûгĪһۣһ̾
ػмİϢԽԽ΢
ٲǸô죿Īˣӿ˵֮ɫΪڲΪ֮ô֧ŲסͻϿϵ
飬ȥ
Ҫǣհʵ޷ˣٴεĴͳ
Ҳ˵飬ɣѩǡ
ҡһܼ죬ġۣѵĵ
˵ֱ꣬պȥ
ʱľػĪĿռ䣡
ݵһλָһΣȻۡ
ݱ䣬ԭˣʲôֻǾػо޾¶飬ֻѣֻҪĨɱ㣬Ҿ
˫ӣӿŨҵɫʡ
ĺģǾػػѹػ磬ά־ȶ
ֻҪ˻͵˺ľ죡
ǰ;ػһڻ֮УĽγɵ飬ƹ
Ҳʿġ
ΣݾϣĨɱɣ
ڸղţѾȫ汾Դİ壬ֻһǻ֮
ͻȻݳмѹ֮Ȼһ˲䣬Ŀƣ
ˢ
һ룬ݳػڻ֮⡣
ݣˣ
Īĸ˴ϲ
ţҪʲô
ĸֻݣׯµƯھػ֮ϣȻĵֻ˿
˭˵ֻ࣬飬ֻҪĶݽԿɣ
𣬾Ϳݣ죡
һ޴ޱȵĻסػ֮ӿ˳ȥ
Ϊߣֻ֮
һ˲䣬ľʿһմޣȴֱӴ֮С
ʲô
ʲôˣ
еʿ׷ײԣ֪׷ʲôˡ
ʱ򣬻УݵĻ⣬ֱӰѾػɽȥ
ڽһɲǣݵ綸Ȼڷ
ݲһѪҧأǿ֮飡
ڻɲǣݵ翪ʼ磬·ʼͻһʼ˱仯
һݵ磬ʼ汾Դ壬ʱ;ŴʼޱȵĹ켣ʼ
һոµ磬γɣ
ȴı仯һɲǣֿԼ֮һ;ѪȻػУ
ȻҪػѾػΪԼķ
ݵڸոսػ˲䣬ǿػľĺġ
ҪǺԡ
һҧ⣬һھѪȼվѪ£꿪ʼĳػ֡
һ󣬵ݼԼеľѪʱڣݵ꣬˾ػ
һ֮ĸӦֳݵͷ
Ȼ䣬ľӿݵڣԭܴ˲俪ʼָֻǼգۣ;
ݴʱѾƿ˾ػͨػоסľ죡
֮ڳΪ˻֮
һ޾߿֮ϣͻȻһӰ
Ӱ࣬ݡ
ӽԺݣľ
ݣľ
ľ

ƺƵ죬еʿ׷׵ˡ
һޱȴ֮࣬Ŀ࣬飬סˡ
Ҳϳ࣬ǵݣ
Ϊ֮𣬳Ϊƿˣ
Ϣľ죬ޱȵ𶯡
Ϣ˵ѡ
滻Ǳһʿ滻
ľԪڳһ˵еĻ֮

ͷôˣ
ƾճĪĸ˵Ϊ֮֮ݣȫɢƺ
ңҾͿҪɢˡǿһЦɹ˲𣿣
ݾƿҲˣˣݵĻ·ɡ
һӣһӿڣԭصƣȻգۼָ
⣬̫˼ˣ
ĪĸˣĿɿڴ

ָҲζɽ粻ɢеΣʧӰ٣Īǣһ
ԭݲ׼ðľ첢ϣȴ֡
Ҳԣɽľ첢ϣԭɽ磬Ϊһ磬ҲŨ
ͨڰ£Ųɽ磬Ϊĵʮ죡
Ի죬ΪƹһС
ݿʼٺľ
Уܣ
ХŸˡѩϹٷķ򸾡ĪˡȫΪ¼
ХذԡԶӡƽȾˣһԣպ÷ֱ죬Ϊһ
ʱ֮ƹܣսɳĪСС졢ƹܡ
ʵȫݵ

ݣ㻹һ磬ǳ֮ģ㡣ϲһǳ֮ġ
ԭǿǳ֮ģѾʧȥá
ǳ֮ģݡ
ǳ֮ģݿһǳ㣬ɢԵǳ֮ģ
ǳ֮ģǻ֮ʱʣǿǳ֮ģãһϵе顣
ҵ磬պҪһǳ֮ģ
Ȼƹ˺磬ǣ磬Ȼݱй磬ȴվһֶ
ǳ֮ġ
ǳ֮ģֻǳ֮ģܹ飡
ݰǳ֮ӽԼУǳ֮ĶʱΪǳһ̫һϢͺҹ
һٴηֳһ꣬ԼС
ӽ磬ԻƹֻذٵڵնˣΪ鿪ǣ
ݶԼķ
ǣ𣡡ΪķͷӦ磬ֻΪ
ǳ֮£ݵĺ磬ʼ飬ޡֲɽ塭࡭
ݷ̳ǣֻأϢӴˣзˡ塣

Ԫ󡭡
ԪǰôһʿǿǺΰʿʿΪĿ꣬ʿΰ漣Ϊ𡯣һʿϵΰˣ֣ݣ
ÿʿͽܣÿеʱܻǧŵĴ˵߸ǵĵӡ
֪Ϩ𣬽ҫǣļ·;ϣһһǰ

ĵʮ죬죬һݳǵĵط
طޱȣֻڵݳǣΪ͵ʿҲǺڣƿʿסƬ˵еĳС
УΪ磬ĳС
ΪУǴ˵еݵĹ硣
Ľֵϡ
λӣӢٷ磬棬һ˲ţɫ˿ɵĵۣϣһԸӿԳгӢ˺ΰ
Ľֵһߵ̯λϣһ۵꣬ϲһɫжͨʿ
򡭡ʿҲ
ιҪߣ㼸ʯι͸˰ɡ˵ıӰ󺰵
ʿȴͷеһȥˡ
Ҳ٣ۿûй˿ͣЪЪţߣȴòǵŮޡ
Ůͨȴβסǳ֮
Ů£ĸŶͷĺˮĶϣСĵ
ĪкХǣ˵Է˵ĪоȻϲһŮʿ
ˣݰһǧˡ
ŮĻЦ
ĪһȻҲĶҵߣȥ
˵գƾʧĽֵûһ˲

꣩
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