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ԪκֻҪʮ֮ǰľ磬Ԫ㹻ǿ󣬱Թͨ죬ϿɣõĴСһ¥߱Ӧķ׷һ˱ʿͨ󣬳ף
Ҷһڱһص¥ص¥޳죬ף϶µĵ·
׵磬ԪԪԪԪ澳Ԫ£ԪõԪ̥Ĥ̥̥Ԫ̥񾳣Ԫ񣬺壩ླࣩ࣬࣬𾳣Ԫط಻ʾ˻ʡ׻ʡʥʣ桢۾
۾֮ϣԪʼ


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1 
ݳλ置ɽ£ɽˮɫ
סڴ˵صĶǾᣬ纷£ǿ׳ɽԵм֣ʮصɽܽɡ
ԭķײͬѱʮħ𣬼йħŪ˰ɽһҲħʿľۼ֮ء
峿ݳУһ꾲վڲƺϣŲˣ˫Ŀ΢գɡ
оĸڴˣȻһΪϢƳ˳ľء
Ѿľ磬ͬһ޴Ĺķ֮Ȼǰľݴþ䣬ϿʮڼҸ֣Ҳδһ
ҶٱʮģЩ㣬ҶҵϵѪͬӵеߡ
ҶݳǶ׻ңҶ˼置ʢħҶ˼çͨ׷ͨʵǿʿӵӴļҵ
ҶռǧĶûʣͥԺūǧūҲ·
ҶҲƴҵ󣬸£ū޲ϰգūҲ֣쾳Ҳ
ҶĸϰڤʱΪͻͽ㽫ڤأˣҶϵ֮ţҶ˼Ҳмӣص
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Ҵ󷧣ңӵҲ˵λ£ƵūͣǽΪʿһ죬ūŶԵõá
Ҷ֪еĵ˹װɢȥһΪȻ䣬ȫ
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ڤʮأζΪһոµľ磬Ϊ֣
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ոǰҶûչˣǽŮǽӵҶźҶʳ
СˣҶչ˵΢רϰ
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ҶĿЦǣӽǱԲٹֲ赭ˡ
ߣһסôķʵ˷ѡ
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һūӦǣǰǺЦүԼȥū㶪ȥ
ҶŵĹܼңҶ룬żūҶݳʢ׻ңūҲҶǧūǰʮ֮ǿߣºǬ֣ҶеĵλһЩϵӵ֮ϡ
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Ҷһɫ䣬ͻȻһתЦҶ룬ҷУǸҲû֪ڸҲ׷
ҶһҶ䣬ʱƱγɷԲЦүȻôԽߣˤñԽݣ
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Ҷʮ֮һʵΪǿһ£СԺеĻݶ𣬱飡
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ҶҶ⻰ͻȻȫƤըѪɽڴžıͬһ̲̱ڵأ
ҶӲƴһƣҶۺĵйѪ࣡
磬˭ǷҶߵҶǰĿɭȻ


2 ʿ
Ҷɫ˲ޱȲ԰ףУҶһֱǷһֻôôû뵽ҶȻôãֱԼͻű
ɱҡ
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Ҷ̧֣Į¶һ̣ѾҸˡ
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Ҷͣ£ҶɭϣûгΪʿûɱȨɱҶλӵܣҶеĴǡ
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Ҷҵ䱸лԪطδʮ꣬Ϊﵽ쾳Ҷӵܣʸ䱸ֻҪͨԣԪ񣬻ħУͿԳΪʿ
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κˣԳһ𣬱մȾľǣǵзޣ㣬޾֮꣬ɽ֮ǡ
ճӤԪֻн쾳磬ԪܴﵽͨǿȣУҶ£ū޲ĥա
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ǿδأô꣬Ļ£һ죬ɱ˶ҶĹܹҶ룬ɼҰģ·Ҷ֮
ҶһūţȻıҶӵܣ๼磬ô˵Ҷ㣬Ҷ¶ʳǣ

Ҷ˼ɫϣҶȷţ޷ϣǷҪҪܷΪʿڽǲۣԺ˵ҶҲҪһۣڽ㣡
æ죬ĬĬվ䱸ǰ
䱸УҶ̧ͷҶҵı⣬ǵһν
ӳģһߵԲܱͭοﻨƣɢһɹصϢȻͭϣһͨľӡ
ͭ·һֻͭľܣ֫أſסͭ
Ҷӵ̸ͭ˵ͭͨ񾵣һױվǰܹռԪ񣬹ͨ
һ׷ԲԵ߶ͨǰĿͷӿһƬɫͬһ䷽ԲߴСƣһںش涶졣
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һ㱦һƷƷͣṩķҲʿ֮ΪƷһ¥Ʒ½ס
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Щ·εǣ۵һγһӴ֦Ҷï죡
֪˶꣬ϲɣϼǧӹк£
˯Ԫھѡ
ڤڤ֮УҶ·оһԼڴӻ˯еĻϲԱҶҵһԪʱ˵ԣշ֪ңǰ仰˼ˡԭ˵ͨ񾵻Ԫ񣬲Ż֪ԼԪıʲô
ͻȻƺ쵽ԼԪѣжһ
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߲ȱиͬŮˣȱ֪֪֮ͬԭһֱĬĬ֧ԼŮˣ
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ǾܾҶϥڴϣʼŬ߶ڤͼ޸Ǽ״˵˳ȥϷš


4 
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ҶЦһҶķţū˽ȥЦūҶٱҳӭүүҪռլڣҪŮūҪڴ˫ȣɷ
үҶڴ˵أѾȥˡһūСԺûзҶ͵ټæе
Сߵÿ죡
Ҷһɱ䣬Ҷ裬ڹҶķӣ澡ʧ˿Ҷʿʧܣ͵ϮɷˣֱҶ˼Ϊūʹ̱֮ѰҶ񣬴㵱ںݺݵ˿Ҷڣȱȱ㵽ΣүҪһȺūǰݺ
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Ҷһλˣ˵ԭҶҵūţ޳죬ΪʿŰūίΡ
Ҷǰȥǣ΢΢һ漴üүҶٱ
ҶͷȺжʱ˵ūǽͷӶ۷׷ףҶү˵ţʮ꣬Ѿľ磡׼ô
⣬ʱˡڸһС˵Ҷȥ䱸󣬽ûͨʿԣӵܵݣΪūһǸūţ

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˶٣үҵҪҵĹءҲǷҲãҶҵӵҲգֻҪҵĹأҶȻϳͲģ
ܷԸҶ΢Ц
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ҶҲϥ£ӵﾭϲķ֣һѾȬĿȡͶȡǿȶȴǰӣĵ¥磬ʲôôЧ


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6 ܼҴ
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8 ʿͨ
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ҶȻΪһǼūĶô볡飬ҶңҪԴֻϹ
¶һ˿Ц⣺ҶѾľʮ꣬ΪҶū֮ǰʮ˵еһҲΪѶԸүдģĳ롣ǣ
ҶŹʮ쾳ĸ֣ҶһƴҶ֮һҶʮܹеĵһ֣˵á
ĿԶүΪ֣
ֻ̽ңҵûȬ
ҶȻʿʵ̫ǿˡղද˰ٷ֮һûаٷ֮һǧ֮һ
ǧ֮һ׾ٵĽѹƣò˵ʿʵڿֲ˼
Ҷ⣬ָΪҲ߲һУ
ѾôôΪݳǵһʿҶ˼ʵָжǿ
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ݳ⣬ɽԵɽ֡
Ҷ̧ͷĴֻƬɽĿ꣬۶ϵĲϿӿݣнӡҲӡߣּӡǣ·ʲô˱ץס󣬺ݺݵڵϡ
үǡ
ĴȻϵļʶ΢ĿҲܿӦڴ˶ս˲ŽƬɽִݲеòӡ
ǴǰҺֵֽĵطҶ΢Ц
ǱȻ˵һӡǣĵ࣬뵽ҶǸֵ׳ݺȥʱӣɿЦͣ
Ҷ㬵ǣʵҲҹ
ͷҶĶͷÿһʱ䶼ҪһΣʱҶǹһˣûκ˸棬ڹ
˿̣Ҷȴι۹ʵء
һСܱۡ
Ҷǰȥæϣûãǰһ£²ߣֻɣȴΪվƽ羵·һɽп
ע⵽±ӿݵĵطϸ鿴ɺȻ
ЩССĿӶȻһӡ
ӡ飬ǳķУеļǳֻʯµĺۼеӡȴӡʯϣʯ·ⲻһɽ£һ󶹸
ҶʵΣипǧվɽǰĬȻãͻȻЦҴǰԼʵĵط
Сʯȥֱ۷飬ʯȴȻʣû°ۼ
ҶʧЦɵѾͷʯӡ㽫ڤؾ硣ҲǽڤأԼӡ
ͷʯڿȥо֣˵Ѫ֮ôܻʯӡǣ
ͨϣƤȱӻ
ҶȻ΢΢ҡͷ
Ƥ
С̫ˣǶԸͨˣ趯̧һƶܽĳ⽴
׻ҵѧɲǿȥô򵥣


9 һ
үЩӡ˭ģǷʯӡҶƴСȻͬӡʵ
ЩӡҶµӡԱߣеļΪͬƣеȴ൱ϸ·Ů˵
ǸϸµӡޱȰԵ󼸸ӡʯڶսȻӡһֳޱȵѧ൱ͣ
ӡҲսһ֮ÿµʱڴ˵صңҽ
Ҷվʯǰת˫ۣȻϸӡӦǷû¶档
׻ҷҵ֮ӣݳҶҲ֡
˵ֲҶ˿ѷǷܳţ
ʯԼӡһ֤ԼʵһҲҶԼǿ
Ҷÿ¶սһڰУû¶棬˵֮вûаսʤˡ

ҶȻ۾䣬һʯڻȥ
ʵΣΪ˼ԼʵǰԼȾжĲ࣡
飡
ʯϣʱʯ׷ɣȻʯһӡ
һæ̽ͷϸϸ쿴һҶµӡԱȣ־ϲүĲڤˣÿ죡
ûУڵؾ硣
ҶüͷϸһʯԼӡǴڲڤصľ磬˴ٴλͬһƣȻԶȵӺѹǻѾأ
ӡȣȵػҪһЩӽأ
ͬľ磬Ȼﵽ۷еĸ߶ȣҲЩţ
ȻԶȴǰͬһԼۺ񣬵޷ЧϾزڤҪԶʤء
ֻ˵֮ʺԶԶʤǰ
ǰϵ輫ߣݳǣֻĺͷ֮Զʤǰ˵ʱȴǰӳɫ
ѵǰ¥еãҶ񰵰˼⡣
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ҪŬˡҶЦ
ص֮ļ죬Ҷֹǵļūָָ㣬⣬ʱҲ磬Ȼ
ܹҶŹȻģͨūԸҡϹǻˣ
Ҷ⼸ūƲϣ֮רУ⼸ʱ䣬ڤѾ۷ľ磬л˶ʮ߶īɫƣʵǿ
ԴΪ֮Ǳ·˴̼רϰ䣬˿̿࣬ʱҶЩա
һУһָϰ䣬ҶСӹڣȴǰַӸζ
峿ҶոսɨϣͻȻֻһĽŲ̧ͷȥְֻ׳꺺Ӵ߸ūӿ֮Уɫ΢
׳ɳͨ죬ūͷĿǣ⼸ɳͨûиҶɫ´ɨǣǰٰ賰Ū
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˿ҶɳͨͻȻһЦΪūҪ֪ҩʱ򣬱֪ʲôܰҩҶٱģĵһΡˣƥǣ
Ƭ̣һūǣһƥëƥףһ·һ·Ȼв
ɳͨȡһǣһ࣬ҶǰһЦСӣȥȻƥʲô
Ҷɫ΢ȻɳͨѾҶܹҶͨԼ
ɳͨ¶ЦСӣ࣬ǻҵĹأҵĹأҴ࣬ƥʲôҲǻҵĹأҲҪҴ򣡡
һūٺЦ¶Σ´˻ôô㣿
ɳͨЦȻϡ
ҶĬƬ̣ߵƥǰ΢΢һЦѾ֪ʲôˡ
ɳͨɫҶٱҳԣɲ˵˵ˣӹҽҵǣӹҽ
Ȼɳ£ƥǡ
ҶͻȻƣһӡģ΢Ц
һŶͷȻһĽҲһȻأò
һ£ūǴʧɫһƻһƥвոǿūҲܰ쵽һֱӽͷĽֻ˫ǧٽҲɡ
Сӿģôô
ֱѾô
£ɳѾħǹؾ磬˺ԸСӻɣ
ˣ֪Ҫ͵͵ܱԹԳҲˣɳµŭɳµۣСӲҲУ

ɳͨɫȻҲûϵҶȻ᲻ɷ˵ƥһУ˵ֱ֣ûзӦĻᣡ
ܹҶŲ˵СѾɷôôһգСӻҵĶ֣ǷҲܽɷŪܹܱض࿴ңҸ
ɳͨ׹䣬һվ˫ȭžž죬ЦСӣӵѰ·
˵գ˿ǻֻžžžıǻӣգۼȫһ飬ͬȼһڣ
ֻ£ѪܡͳͳƤ͹ͬɫĴ򾣬ֲ쳣ֵӣҲһ˲üΪߴ󣬱Ҷ߳ͷ
ħǹҶҵžѧƺʮ̫֮֡⹦ֹҪ֮Ӳǹˡ
ʮֺ̫ţűƣʧħǹûκţ
ɳͨӲ֮ڲݵϣʮūſԼϼ̤û˵һ˿һɼӲǿ֮
СӣֻҪǸòСŮ͸ңӱԿһ
ɳͨЦһ棬Ϊˣݣû˱µĿ˶Ƕ˼
ҶɫһĿһɱ
ԭֻѵɳͨһ£Ҫۿˣȷʵɱģ
ɳͨӣǴɳͨۡ
ɳͨǣǴۣ
ɱһ޷ƣ
ҶչһЦȻɳͨ죬ƥһҲҪһΣ


10 Ѿ
ɳͨЩͷҶȥСӣǵôһѵ㲻֪ߵغ񡭡
ĸ
ҶһһֻѾӡɳͨϣɳͨ쿴ޱǿ׳ȴһӲȵڵϣ˶Դǵʯײ÷飬ͷ­ݽʯ֮У
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ովһֻӡϣɳͨٴˤڵأαһˤøݣԴʯ֮У
ҶҽصĲϣš
ɳͨ첪Ȼŭ˫һָۣȻʯ֮Уʯ壬лҶȥ
̵صʯ壬ÿһ鶼ϰٽץУʱһɿ磬Ƶܵū׷׺ˣˣ
Ҷ˺һֻһ죬ʯײһͳͳײ÷顣
̳ɳͨԾ𣬱һȭҶԴȥ
裬ѽħǹ߶۷壬ȭͷҶԴСȭ׶δ£ҶķžһϬ絶ȭϣ˿Х
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ҶͬҲһȭɳͨƣȭͷԵСÿƼСҲûУ
ȭͷײϢɳͨŭһӴһɶ𣬺Ȼײǵǽϣ漴ڵأ
ֻǽϺȻһӡǣӡ֮У֩״ѺۣȴΪƽȻҶһȭƼС̲صȻҪԶԶɳͨδ󺺣
ū־ֺԭΪҶⲡļһ϶ᱻɳͨһʰû뵽ȫߵ׳ɳͨ죬Ȼһֱᣬ˿ûл֮
Ҷڸķķħǹ֮Ҳϳķڤڸķûпɱԣ
ȻҶڤأۻ̶ȣҪɳͨħǹ֮ϣ
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ҶŵΪƿֲҶãΪȴǰԼҪǽ쾳ʮĸ֣
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ҶŵƶȻ˼֣ѹҶžž죬мҶ֣ҪƽҶѹùԼ£Ȼٴ
첻Ҷһ޸֮ķһԾΪԻɳͨĸֲֿ֣ɳٶҶžòս
ٶȳɳȥֻҪһ꣬Ҷ̤쾳磬Ϊʿ
ҶΪʿԸֶΣҶżԿ϶Լ³ԻҲ̶ã
ǴǰҶŶȻҶҶһͷҶֻǸū㴦ҶҲ˵ʲô˵вӵֽкã
Ҷڲڤת֧ţʼղЦҶţĪ봦ңҪˣ
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ҶŹЦͬһУҶסЦҵʱϣֱߣڸܹҶ˼˴ΪҶһūòųΪʿʲôʸǰ˵
ʱͻȻһɬҶţҵʲôʱֵָֻţ
ҶĿһͷȥֻ֪ʱĿȻȻĻڶС
ȻҵҪѭĳĹءҶţȻܹܣûʸ飡
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11 ֪ǳ
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Ҷü޷Զ׷ƮνûߣɢΣвһݣ֪ǰʵʵɲ⣬ԼԶǶ֣
ʿǿҶ̽ǳ
ҶĿۣҪΪʿδʮ꣬Ϊﵽľ磬ΪʱѾʮ꣬޷Ϊʿ
뵽ҶͻȻЦĿ䣬һϡϡɵļ룬ϵµȷԽȨˡϷҪδãòҪϷ£ڸҶܹܣ
ڸѹң
Ŀת䣬ҶڸܹҶ˼һεūţŵܹܡҶŵ֮⣬ǲҶҶ˼Ҷ˼ͬҲʿΪߣҶҵȨƼҶȨ֮һ
ҶҲһ飬ȻҶ˼ҶȨߣҶ˼󲿷ʱ䶼ˣڲȨڶҶ˼ĲҶ˼ܺʮҶ˼ȻУ˿ƺʵȨ
ҶҲʲôϡ飬ҶҲš
ЦһҶ񣬵үŪ࣬ҪɾĳĹأҶţ⣿
㡭
ҶŲȻŭ˫ַ˵ȻתȥЦϷߵűߵ·࣬һëСҲҺҶ͵ڸɣ
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ȻһЦҵҪѭҵĹأүŪǣϿȥĪҲ뻵ҵĹأ
ҶתǣΪжĮÿ仰롰ء֣鼸ĵزʵƣǸֵýύѡ
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Сϵ츳ˣѾڤСгɾͣңٹñڤһءԼЩ죬Ҳ˳صľ磬ЩԱ֮
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Ҷ˰ѴӰɽޣҲһֻֻ;޴ޣɢֲϢ䣬ûж˵ǰۿ
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΢΢һŮһҶѾϾ飬ҶͨҶĲˮ¶ͼȥһΪҶװΪ֮Ͼ鱻ҶҵľүҶҪȥů
ϾҶύͷӶ˵˼䣬Ƭ̣ͻȻЦǣ㻹ڸǸүϢүˣ㻹뿪Ǹ̷үգүҪӣǾүͨѾߣݱԺƽƽأ
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֪Ƹո𣬻δü£ͻȻһֻСС۵ϣ


12 ױƬ
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ߣūȻҲҴң
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Ҫ֪ɲϾ飬ѾڤأʵӵҲŵΣ
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Ͼ֮⣬үҶļҷ涨ū·ϣӵܣȱУǸūα
ҶᾫһϸζղҶһƲûеǿĻָΪֻһƱܽԼԴĵϡãһ׳ЦһūҴӵܣūһү֮أ
Ҷ񵭵ƳϾһֻۣ̺Լū澣˿˵һ¶ȥΪַʲôҹ棿Ѳضūͬҹָδã
ͨϾŵһƨڵϣģλү¶Ҷռҹ棬Ӧʩ̣֮ۡǡࡢ֡㣡
ֱɱҪֲ
ҶҲ亹򣬰ضūţռҹ϶ϳΪΪū䵽ɽ๤
Щū겻Ůɫǿ׳Ŀūϲз磬ɫ굱ͯй䵽ɽֻµڶͻᱻ˾ջɪɪаƾջˡ
ҶȻһۣб֣һȺǣߣ
Ͼ鿴ҶıӰֿ˿ľҶᣬԱһ£㿴֮Ĳ࣬ͬ˺ëĹһ㡣
ЦԼϹۣôשϷ
ͻȻһ˿⣬Լû뿪ǸҶȻƶһʱ䣬ĵλͷ϶
ҶҶ֮ӵʱ򣬱ǳҶΪҶһθ˵ΪҶĴ̣һ֮£֮ϣ˶ҪԼɫ
ڻлᣬҵɫʹϹֻҪʩֶΣүδɵĻëСӻԹԾͷǲǻûĻëСѾͷҪûأҪƨûƨɣҵĶֻ֣ҪҵƣѰܽ
Ͼ۾һæ첽Ҷ׷ȥ
Ҷ˴ŭϾ飬㵽ȥһ
Ͼͷ俴һۣ·ڿһ¶˵첽׷Ҷͨ£ˣߵүū֪ˡ
ٸңұ㡣
ҶƽĿɨһۣ·ڿһλ޶˿Ůڿһĸ
ϾĿԶʼû׷ȥܸоҶǿЦԼŵĻ϶ᱻĸһһƻУüͷҲһ£
ϾˮתͷȥȴҶūɾһ񣬰ҶҵĴ̣ӵܵķȴҲҶȻܣʵ
үū֪ԭ¡
Ͼ鰧Ҫ֮飬ҶƳһۣҧгݵҶٱҪŮˣҲϡǸҰϳǣҹҷظι
ϾʧɫҪںȣͻȻҶ󼸸Ůǰýס죬һȹŮЦϾ£˼ҲȲѡɷ˵˼ȥ
ҶῴҶȥķһԹĹâ˼ȻȬֻºܿͻٴεó裬ǾҲûҵĳͷ֮ˣУֵ뵽תҶȥ
Ҷһ֬꣬涼ŮˣߴߴҶͷۣæ˳
Ƕڹֵ飬ǿֲ
ҶпһͻȻԱߵӻֵ֣֣ȴϡ٣˲࣬Ըһ˽ȥ
ӻʵǶֻг෱࣬ˡ
̼棬͵ذ̯Ӱ˵ĻֱӶ̯λϣҲָ治УһҥԴЩɻԳױ
ҶӻʵûжȤҲױױ֣ƱػݳʿҵᣬһȷѪ꣡
ױ̶ȣͨ׻ҵʵҲӵмѡ
һӻ̯ʱҶͻȻͣ½Ų΢΢ü
֮Уһֱƽİ¥ͻȻ궯ڲڤ֮ҷʱQһ£ζݣ¥еҲԵΪ˷ܡ
ѵ̯λϣа¥ȤĶ
Ҷɺϸֻ̯λϵĶ޼ֻı飬һõ
̯ȻǸϳɺӣЦλүʲô
ҶЦҿɲʲôүҶҵū
̯զҶҵū˼ҵүȣ治׻ң
Ҷ΢΢һЦûж໰ַǼ飬ȴ徭֮࣬ûʲô֮еİ¥궯ݡ
ĿⲻǸ֮ϣֻȱȫֻаߴСԵмֵֹͼ
ͼҲȱȫҶϸ·һ̫̫һֻѻɫȴǽӲӵģѻǰɫ
Ӧһһǡ
Ҷḧ΢̣ȴΪϸ壬ƮƮģ
еİ¥·ӦϢ˷궯
ҶҲ⸱֮һɣĶģ


13 
̯ЦҼںӱϴ·ģƽյ־ʹáиôڼﲻϣֻҲûУȱǮﻹ治үϲȥ
ҶǮЦֻ
̯ǺЦһ֪үû˵ҪʵûǮֻӣүȥ
Ҷдϲȡӣֻ̯ǮӣЦҶūҲףֿڷԡ
ҶæлҪͻȻ̽һֻƣץסһǣңӶǮˣ
Ҷͷȥȴһ꣬ʮͣĿ⾼ԵüΪ
Ҳע⵽Ҷ΢΢һжȻðһ⣬ҧгݵҵ˭ԭҶүҶҶٱ
ү
ҶЦЦǰݷҵӷʱڳҶս֪ôӵܵõϢıˡ
ʱɷʮλӵܣȴҶĲ˺ݺݵĽѵЩһһͨзҶ߹ǣǡ
ǷҵĳʱϵᱻҶ
ʱѾҵļҴѧһ񹦣أһսˣΪ䵽ؾ磡
жҶķߺޣ֪
һοĹâٺЦٱ˵ǰòʿʧܣ˷Ҷӵܣһūд£
Ҷ΢΢һЦɫԼǷһ䱸вʿѵǷҰ͵ϮŵҲʧܣ
ЦҪϣͻȻͱͱ䣬һ亹ֱСգΪһʱʹ죬ҷҸɵģֻҶԥɱҷңҷţҶ˼֮ŭЩһֱڵ䱸¼࣡
Ҷ뷽귽ұɹƵ飬һλҶʿԣҶɷҵĳ̶ȣһ׻ܼҡ
̵ģҶٱѾ˷ﻹ֪ͣ͸˸ףϵ
ٺ˵ֲ֪Ȧף̯ӣүˣ
̯֪ǰ꣬һǷҵүһǰֵǷҶүǲܵæЦү֣Ѿˡ
ҳһǧüͷҲһ£
̯һû뵽ǸȻôֵǮһе֮ң
˶Ҷֻһǧӵ֣Ҳû
̯µүѾˡ
Ҷ΢ЦˣѾҶˡҪóһӣ㡣
Ƕ˶Ȼ˵ļֵԶԶۣһӣɱҲò
ҶЦһ뿪
ԶĿ䣬˵ȷûпǸױƬ
ǸӣǸղŵѷϵˣзǷ̴ӣԵүҾûпƬһǣĹ񣬾ڣڼ鷿ġͼ
ħױڽ˿֯ɣһ˿ڵľѪ
ױԶԶݳκױҶҵ֮çӡ
˵ױħѪϹֵУǰѪϹڰɽˮһλִսԷҲ飡˵ˮѰƬҷҡܼҺҶҶѰңûҵû뵽Ȼ
ȻѾ٣ƬֵҲɹ
Ƭϵڽ˿ڵľѪκһʿģ
ˣѪϹһڼ죬̲ѪϹֺľܵõɾһͨ˵ʵ츲صı仯
˼Ƭ̣ͻȻҧҧѹɤ㶢Ҷ񣬿ʲôʱǣ
һү˼ǣ
һ˿֮ɫݳǲ㶯֣ҶңǾͲճˡ˳⣬ôﻹ׾٣һΣҪУڷҵĵλƱػ
о˸΢ЦүģҶӲҵģ
ЦҶٱ߹ǣΪڷҵĵλһǧɣ죬ҾҪ
ҶгϹƬ̣ҵǣӻȡһ֧ľӣݸȻǣǸġȻªЩҲǿãȵǮˣٸ㻻õġ
Ѿͷӹľֻ֧ȻõĲϣȴΪϸ壬ȻҶѡʱģкů
ƲƬʲôΪΰ¥еҪõ
ҶֻԽԽȣͬһպܡУ¥궯ݣȻƲΪ
ңԼԼĲһ޵ϢһֱԼ
ȻԲǸ˰мӡ
ǣߣ
Ҷɷ˵ǵֱȥ
ǼɫԽԽ죬·Ѫһ㣬һæĶͷ·һʧүĶͷ̣
Ҷȥҡͷû£ߣ
ߵˮϣҶֻеȵ㣬Ҳ޷ܣæְӻﳶǸ̵ˣҶ̲סһ˳ȥ
ͻȻһصӰ¥ӿ֮Уչת
ҶһֻеͼԽԽ·ڿУֻʣһֲȱ̫Ưڰգð棬ѵ
Ҷæǵ֣ɣɾ˱ˣͷ΢΢Ľζ
ǸǾȲѣʧүʲô
ѵ˵ǲȱױҶ
ͻȻһһԴϲ֣ȻûпȷƬ
Ҷͷȥֻ˫ʩʩȻһūಽ˿Ưڰее̰֮ɫһ࣡
ҶٱӦлл㣬ллƬ͵ҵϣΪ˱㣬Ҿɱ㣡
Ŀ䣬ͷȥɱǸŮˣԸ
ȥ촽Ŀүң֪ϲɱŮˣǣһһϵСͷʹȻ۰Ĳӡ
ǲɴ˸սͻȻӰһҶǲߴӰѾǰ棬ֻͷҲأȻڣ˭Ҷ
ү
ĺһĪĸжǻصаģ书һҪ书үԱү


14 ӱ߶
һţ
ҶȥҶ£Ҳθߴ࣬ÿһ£ںϵĵһĽӡһսȻƴб
ߵ⣬ż㣬·һֻҶȥЦҶٱ㻹ûʶѾΪʧɷʵ
ǣȻҶһ͵֮⣬Ŀס
һԲתȥȻ£֪ԼҶİ֣Ϊ׸
ﰭְţȥȱ
һңӿ֮У̼ͬһ㣬ʺ죬ƺܵѪ
Ҿѧһ񹦣
ҵľһ񹦣ҲһּΪԵ͵ķܼҵĺ񹦣ҶҵĲڤڤķ
һ񹦣𣬺񹦣ɽڤ̺ĵڤȻǰķˮء
ѧֱӦԻ𡢵ء硢ˮ׻ҵϵķ
ƣҶ֪Ȭһص۷壬ʱؾ磡
Ҷ⼸Ȼ޿Ϊ٣Ѿڤأ̲ŽٶڤϾʱ̫̣ȷѷɫһ
ͬʱҲŲ죬ͬһ۴֣Ʈƹȥ׷ɱǣ
ǷҵūųѧԶԶȲϾһ񹦣ʤΪʵȷ˿ѷ
ȷҪǰһҶǰһҶ߻¶˷ܵĹâץȥ
ͻȻоһɼΪΣյϢഫ㱼ƺһ۴ߣסԼ۴
ҶҵĽ߲˿֣
д󺧣ĺ̶黫ƣָ߳磬֮Ҳס
ҶҵĽ߲˿֣ȴǺ̶У黫ڲ˿ǰû֮أֻᱻģɣ
߲˿Ҷзӵ쾡£˫ַ·۴ߣ׾ٱ㽫סαҲʼӲ˿ֵַΧ
ŲĿռԽԽСŭ߲˿ֵַΧСޣǱڣ
СӲΪϣɷôôôĪ
ڴʱѪɫӡҶͷӡ£𶯿Ȼž
ҶȻ֣۴ͻȻһֻֻѪɫӡӭȥ
ǧҶ֣
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ҶɫǺ죬ͬһ˿һ㣬ƺһһǵѪ˿
дϲæûӳ߲˿ֵַΧ¡
ϧһұܰѷУҶɫԭһɢа
ΪδָڤأΪȷ࣬ʶԸһпɣͬʱԸ˱ˣһ֣ˣ
ͻȻдһɹɰӿ֫ٺ;֮УǵƼһѾȬ
Ҷƴһƣأ¶־֮ɫеҶٱΪûбϣ
Ժв걻ҶʹΣʧ̲סĶӣ
ҶһսҶ߹ǣһ񹦵Ϊ䵽أȫޣ˵ҶΪϣûٴվҶǰ
˿̼Ҷûбɴ˵еķģһ˲߽⣬ֻһͷǾжԶӶԶ
֮⣬æүСǿиɣͣʵΪûлָڤе۷Ϊ
ɫͨ죬ҶһƣȻˣǰ˵ĿԼŶԣ
ûôֻǱҶ˵˿뷽֣ҶȥеСӾͨҶҸѧΪԶǵͣҪΪѹֱַ
ҲЦүСȬֽڤأν˫Ҷҵˣ֪Ǽҵûбɷϣһ۰ɣ
ҲοޱȣʲôȻһţ˷ܵô
Ҷ˹Цûа¥ڵΪȷӲӲڣ¥ԴԴṩҵƣӲӲֻĲ𣡡
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ӲӲǿǿ
ֻӰ䣬ݺȥ缲磬һӴ̷ֿ

һ촫ײȻĽ·ǵƶǸ
ҶХʽֻǰδеĿ⣡
ԴΪϣǵһ˳Ĵսһ·Ҫ⼸ܵ裬ͳͳһɨգ
ڣڤתٶȾȻԽԽ죬ͷҲðڶϣ

Ҷ뷽ײɫǺ죬һ֣СôԽսԽͣ
Ҷ粽ǰ𡢸£·쵹¡һ죬һƣֻ𶯣ʹѣвȻ
Ҷǵûе˴Ѹ̶Ƭ̣Ȼ֮ϣ
ѧţӦˣ
ӺϮҶڳһֻ֣ӲѪɫӡǰһͬʱһֻٴ䡣
һ£ˣ۵˿Ѫ
ͬʱҶҲһѪ
ͬʱӦԷˣд󲿷ʵڷϣΪͱߣʱˡ
ҶԷᣬסƣ䣬գۼʮƣ
һƣͻȻһѪվԭأһȴǱҶַӲ
ôҲû뵽ҶΪͣ˷
Ҷ϶ѪзģҲԼģֽҡҡ׹
ȫԸӲӷѪɫӡҲ˼صƣڵԴԴṩҲѸٸԭɥ
Ҷȥ޻ֻ֮ޱȳ죬ͻȻһ·ͻĳؿƶȻǣŵĿ˫֣ЦͻˣҾȻͻˣ
ؼʱ̣Ȼͻƾһ񹦵أصľ磡
ĻŭţҶĿҶٱӦлл㣬㣬ôͻƵһ񹦵أΪ˱㣬Ҿһȫʬ


15 ˫˫
ҶĨȥǵѪ˿ͻΣҵ°ܽҪҴ
һҪ֣ͻȻֻˮӱߣɢĹâԽԽۣȻһֲգâ䡣
̫֮Уֻ·һ㣬ðһͻȻ۾Уɢһֲе׺Ϣ
ϢʿҪǿ󣬱壡
ֻ¶ޱȵ˷ܣЦȻҵգõһױƬͻƵһ񹦵أΪؼǣҶٱͷ̣ҲҪҵˣ
ҶҲһļ£ֻԼж⣬ö֣һǽԼϣҷʬ޴棡
⻹ֻһȱױױָοֲ
Ҷֻ
ҶٱٿˣĽ죬ļգ
Цȫתһ񹦣Ѫɫӡִ˼֣ȰСͰԵľһӿģĳƱԵĿҲҵȼһӡɫ棡
ƣǿǰδеľأҶѹȸղ뷽ֻҪֲ
Ǿһ񹦵ص
һ̣ҶͻȻƽ·һľ磬Χһз·𶼱ԾڰյķĶҲüΪ
ҶڣڤڸתвڤԴԴ۳ơ
УڤγɵƣȻѾһٶ䣬˳ڤؾ磬ʼؾ߸ͽ
ʱڤͻȻı仯
˿̲ڤתĹ켣ȻǰĲڤͬ
֮ͬΪϸСϸ۲޷֡
й켣澭ߣѭе·ȴӳΪڤʱѳһ˿˿ϸӿ뵽ϸСľ֮С
徭Ϊ澭ʮ֣ǳЩ֮⣬ڶϸС䷱࣬ʤ
澭ʮһƬҶ·ɵЩϸСҶӵ壬ֲɵΧγһ޴ϵ
Ϊ̫࣬ķٻǣЩϸС
˿̣ҶڵȴȻȻӿ뵽Щ֮УγһӴӵĽͨ磬һֳԽκĴѭϵ
ֱ仯Խ˵еѧ
Ҷļʶڣܿʶֱ仯ԭĲڤ˲֪٣ͬʱûгڤķ룡
ѵ˵ԭĲڤֻǲȱ棬ķĲڤ
µĲڤȴǰִīɫɫҶоɫڤȴǰһ
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ѪɫӡѾǰҶϸ룬˫һһֻֻɫʵȻѪɫӡӭȥ
ΪڤɫϵȻӵֻ֮࣡
ֻһֻֻϵ裬ɶ˻Ѫɫӡȥǰ̣Ѫɫû
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һɲǹ򣬷ϱ˲֪ƣһȻǧҶӲɢ޷ۣ
ҶΪȭһȭݺݻзؿڣҽһɶɿ⣡
ܣѾһأôܻܸ㣿
Ѫ𣬿Ҷ¶ԹͿ־壡
ͻƣҾͲͻƣ
ҶȥĿ¶ɱЦĽ죬ļա仰ԭⲻͻ㣡
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Ҷȥ̧֣ЦһǮģҵġ
ͻȻЦĿҶٱɱңҷҾŹ㣡Ϊ㻹ǴǰҶٱҶҵүڲһūһҶƨǣҷɱ㣬ɱһҶұ˵˵ƨҲһ
Ҷüͷ˵ûҶҵĵλȷΪ΢ҪɱֻҶû˻ΪԼͷ
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ôң
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Ҷŷʬ壬Цɱҵˣһ㶼նݳԾ󻼣
ϢƬ̣ҶƬȥ
ƬƯڰգͬһֲգıֻ񣬲ͣȳ
ױ
Ҷ´ױֶǵһμ䱸УӥҶ[ĸٹᦡ
Ȼĸٹżĸٹᦹɭɭһ֪ħ֮ȴԵô࣬˿Ҳħױ
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ˮһߵĴУһ˫۾Ķסеڣ̰֮ɫһ࣬૵ױȻױȻֻǸƬ̲صֲܼܵõ죬ҶҶͲūţҵĵλҲҪʲôŮ˾ʲôŮˡ
ڴеҶţһ·βҶǣȴַҲڸҶ벶ȸںû뵽侹ȻܣɼЩ
СãȻױƬƬܿҪˣ
Ҷɱ䣬ЩҶ̫ľȣĪȬüʱ佫ڤأϼ첻СӾȻѾصľ磬ҵүУ
һأȻвڤأ˵ȥ¶ûţ
ҶŵһθоҶĿֲ֮Ϊ꣬޳ɳĿܣԼȴѾˣ
ɱҪɱСӣɱСӣһ
Ҷо˸Ҫ֣ͻȻְǿסû
ֻˮӶ԰ֻͻȻĶҶȥ
ҶҲ֣һǶأǱֻ˵ϣҿ϶Լ³
ҪܣȴȻķ֣Լ徹Ȼ֪ʱһǿסָͷҲ붯һ£


16 ķ

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ҶæϸԼ壬ȴԼǵûлɻң·ûսɴ˴
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ĸڣһߣȴĸƣһ룬ѣ
Щ·ڳȡڵֻֻԽԽСȴڷٳɳ
ҶȻǺε׺翴ȴһգ۵Ĺ򣬱㽫ֻɣ
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Ҷɴսһ£˭һĹ棬ôһ顣
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17 Է
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18 ɲ
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19 ˵Ķע
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20 ֮
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22 Ѫɱ
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ҶͷȥֻǶվ·ߣƬһһӴϲæеغ顢ˣղѾʮ˸ϵǰ棬׼ǶٲǶҪǸɵûǵķˣ
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ͭȻ׹䣬Ҷ𣬽żһֻͭϵֻͭײһ֮У


23 Ž
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Ϊϣ޲ڤķµı仯Ϊÿһأоķǿ󣬿Ĳķ
ܻķҶҿ϶ԼĲڤһʵķԾ
úȡһķ㣬ǻһ׷Ǳﳬֵˣ
Ҳ˲Ҳ
Ҷ̬΢䣬ԼԼԶ֮޵ɱ
ĵϢȽСһϢǿͬ󺣣ɲ⣬ĸоΪΣգ
֣ѵҶţ
Ҷ˫ۣϸ׽ҶŵϢ
ͻȻһһɱ𣬴ͻȻչ¶ƣȫͬҶţͬһһ֮УŻ˳ˣΪֲ
ֻ´˵ΪҲѾľ磡
ҵžѧһ𹦣һ쾳磬ӦǷūеǿߣɱѾɽ֪
Ҷһ漴һɺȻɱҵ˻أȻ֣иɲڣʹ߾ߣ˵һβɶõĥᣡδ˵


24 ˮ̶
Ҷźͷҵĸ־˵ԽԽҶٳɣֻͭɲԱϡ
ֻͭϺҶˣǧٶأɲȴƺûио㣬һСȥ
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Ҷŷϸ鿴һҡͷֳƴĺۼӦǾŽޣʮޣЩ˱˵֣ʮɢƣԽѹ
ʮ൱֣ɢ֮ǿֺѷɫ
Сĵӣصؾ磬ʵҲ൱ҶˮƽʮֵĻᶼûУᱻѹ
ҶСӣȻûбֻŽ޴˹ʺˣҶûҵҶʬ壬ʧ֣㬵
ҶǰȥȻܴӾŽѣֻҲ˼Ϊصƣ׷
һȺ۳ңХ
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Ҷŷ͵Ÿɲµĺۼ׷ȥһֱ׷Ϧ£Խ׷Խǽꡣ
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ӥҲҳأҵһʿҲǰ

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ҶһֻŽڻ׷ɱԼ
ɽѾҶϵ⣬ҡˮ̶ȥӣԴ̶̽кˮ˿ҶܹӳԼġ
ҶסڲڤĵݣͻȻɽббɽڵķλ䣬˫һ̷ֻͭ𣬺Ȼֻȥ
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ͻȻһֻŽ޾ȻӲűķѣ
䣡
ֻͭأ˷ӿ
Ҷվ̶΢΢üֻɽüΪ죬Īı㱬ֻս
ղɽ̸̶ߺ˿ˮѵ̶ˮж
Ҷҡҡͷ
ƬٲˮӵķԴأˮжֻݳ˶ᱻȻˮʳ⡣
ҿɽ̵ӦǱڵĿű


25 ¥֮
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Ҷˮ̶棬ֻˮ渡һɫϡȴһֳзĸо

ӥһ磬ľҡҷ졣
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ȴΣŽɽһڶŵñҶ廹ɽǿСһ˿ֻ±ɽһ³
ѵԪҶü˼漴ҡҡͷ
ԪʿܼȡתʵʿȴȡԪǿΪʿԪҪʤһ
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26 
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ڷɽǰºڣɱҶɱһû뵽˴Ҷ潻棬Ȼ·磡
ΪȷҶռϷ磬ϣҶȴռѹԵƣ
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ͻȻ͸оҶϵԼвϲĿСӣһΪֹıȥ˰ɣ޷ֲĲ࣬һڣ
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ƽտľֻҪһͬһսֹͬ꣬


28 ֵҲɱ
ͱΪҶΪϣǸӣôô˲ڷɽǰºڡ
ȴӲʯͷǵв£пܰݾϣ
Сѵʲô鵤ҩ崸ǿȣȻӲƴҵͿѪ֡
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ԵޱȣҲͬԵڤصΪֵס
죬һʼƱռϷ磬ѹˣǷ͵Ķ֣
⹦죬ڹ죬쾳粢޸֮֡
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ŭȣ絶ֱ£Ӧ۶ϣҵĳһ׮һ˵ȼܣ
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ɳۣ㷭ɣҶ
Ҷɱ󶯣ͻȻϷٶȱȿҪ֣Ҷӽ
ҶɱҶᣬ˵Ҷ֮⣬һ㸮Ҷ˼֪ҶУҲ޻˵
ҶҶ𶯣ȥ

ݣտնǰĳǰĿͻȻݣĻۣγһƬյشĪ
ҶҾѧǬ֣
Ǭֵľǽе֮УǬ˿ƣ뱬̲صһеУ
ҶҲΪѧǬֵ
Ҷתһȭģɾǿ䣬Ϭ絶
ҶƺһѪɼǰ֮⣬ոأͻȻ㲢ãͬһֻ֩ȥ
ҶŵҲ̲סζһ£¶Ȼ֮ɫıǽҶһƻУȴû뵽ҶȻܽǬ֣ȭͷǬǿһ㣬֮ǿҲеԾ
죡̶̼գСӾȻ죡
ҶֻţļʶҪԶԶͣʱʶҶѾľ磡
ֻΪﵽ쾳磬п죬СΪôô죿


29 ͻƿ
Ҷɫ粻쾳繲Ϊأţ죬壡
죬徳ıر
ŵľʮ꣬ʼ޷壬ԭϣø࣬޷쾳磡
û뵽ľ磬ȻҶϣ
ҶĿӹһҶ׷ȥСӼ㲻ܳΪʿҲԽڤ߾磬ֻٹãҶĶ֣ڻδȫɳɱ󻼣
ҶϹȻôǿҶʮ֣
ҶĿ˸ǰɳۣҶֻһغϣϼˣжϳҶŵʵڷ֮ϣѾŵľ磬۷״̬ҲҶŵĶ֡
ҵƵأа¥ڣ˺ܿͻȬҪڵҪۣ
ֻڤأΪͬȻϸ֣뷽͡ҶȣȴԵϲ̨棬˵뾭֮С
ѰҶױɻ⣬ȴǿǰľ뻨һʱɾ
Ϊд
иɲڣߣҶסңϧɲԲ֪ܵȥˡҪǣȳȥڵһ˿ıֶΣ
Ҷһ߶·񱼣һ߻߶ڤڲڤʱҳײһҶᣬã
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Щգۼв֪죬ԴԴϣ׳漴Ȼ׹뵤
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ˣСӻ˼죬˿ʵ֮ǿҶӵеһҶҲԻĶ֣
ڽҵ˲һͻƵڰعؿ
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쵶
һҪɱҶʹŵֶΣ쵶۳ɵҶ޴ӽһɱ


30 ͻ
ΪδŻ絶ľ磬һȻԪӡļֳΣ׷
Ҷֻһ̲һɿֲϢԼ޷£ΣոУԽԪӡ
Ⲣ˵ҶŵʵԽʱֻΪ̽ûɱֻǧ֮һҶȴһȴȫԸɱɭȻҪأ
ҶǰٱУգ۱ܳɣ壬һпıһѪۣ
죬ȻҲֵܵһܣ
Ҷſ첽׷ϣնҶԾ𣬾޴ĵĽɨһ˲ܺϱĲնϣ
Ҷζ˶٣ûм쵶УЩ˳ɼ쵶ǺεȾˣ
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ͻȻһǿƳɢذʵ·ɲ֮䣬ΡΡȺɽֶһɽ
Ҷһ񹦣ǼһȻҲԣ޵ѹ˳ͻƵľ磡
δ£￪һƳͬһԭǵء
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ʹͬǷֽѺ֣ҶָȻǰǰ۶ϣ
ȡȣ
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λ֮ȻҶУͬʱҲ֪ʵ
ҶΪҶҵĶӣڤڰ۷壬ʵΪǣҪһ֮ڻҲѶȡ
û뵽ҶȴһаҶ֣֮СһסĲӣȫȻҶƿ֮У˵˿̵ҶѾһǿߣ˺ǽֵʸ
ҶҲ־ŭҶʵҲûϵҶȻһܱܣǰγ磬죡
˫ȴ󣬰ɱɭɭү̷ſүĪ뱻ҶҶ׷ɱ
Ҷ΢΢һЦɿ֡
Ҷ۾һҶµһ˲䣬˫ֺݺҶؿڻȥ
Ҷڽ̤ʵأ˿ҶȥĿСˣеɱҡ
ҶһץٴοסĺҶ˫ӭȥ
ҶŴʧɫæɢȥеҶ֮ǣƶȫ׼޷ȫɢȥ
أأ
Ҷδ˵꣬㱻ҶٴοסϰҶ֣۵һѪֽίٲ
ҶȻɢȥ˴󲿷ֵһСֵĺ󱳣ʹ߹ǣһ˲ܵش
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תͷҶɱƵ磬ʹ࣬Сһ̰ɣ


31 ޱ
Ҷս֪ҶǿЦĿܻɱ֣æҶ
Ҷ־ŭҲ಻סеɱƶȻ۷壬ǵذѹ£
뷽һۣͻȻǰһҶ񲢼Ƴ𣬹ͬԿƣ
ҶĿɭȻλүҪū֣˵λǧ֮ϱԵòÿˣ
΢΢ζЦҶٱҪҲֻڱӵУһϹҵӷ
ĺٺЦǡûҶٱ֣ұ
Ҷɫ࣬ɱ󶯣ҪҪͳͳˡ
ͻȻһϵǺЦҶ֣ôͣȻҲ˼ƤС֣ЩϹͷΣ
ҶŻͷȥֻǿ첽ȴܡӵִܵ£ɫһƤЦⲻЦԭܱܷͷλ֡ϷҺλү֣ʲŲһЦˡ
ܷҵţҶǶ˼Ϊӣɢƣ໥ս֮ʱЩִ±㼴̸ֹ˽֡
Ҷżܷҵִ³֣֪ûлɱҶ
֣ĺͷ϶ӲǶ˲ִ֣Ҳᶯ֣ټҶ񣬵ʱһ
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ҶٱУɱŹҶᣬ˴ڹұȻڸ˳ĴҶа
ҶɱҶᣬȷҹ棬ҶҼҹ棬Ҷ˼Ҳ޻˵
ҵִ·ͻȻ̤ǰһסҶĿ⾼Ҷүʷ
΢΢üɻĿ
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ͣڳǸ֣ĻڶУ˫۾̿ҶҶűҶ뿪Ҳæͣ½Ų
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Ҷܡ׻ҶܳҶҵţҶұȻ˥䣬ȵҶ˼󣬱ˣ
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ǷūеǿߣȻҶУ˵ҶҲɾ죿
ˣδػţ⻰ǳҶ֮ڣҶĽѣ
ǰֻҶд裬֤ѧ˿ȴʵʵɱ
֮Ȼ˴˶н飬ϧͬʱҲǾ֣ԷѹĥԼлɵԷǾ飡
һ˲䣬ҶͻȻֽȺĸоܶǳεɭȻĿ⣬ƺܽ˺Ƭ
ܡҵĹϵ΢໥ɵЩ˳ٳûж֣ԥöԷȳָɵԼļҶҵŭ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˿ޱΣգǰȫ
ʱԼ뿪Щ˾Բ϶˰׷ɱԼﷴǵľٴ롣
ãܡҵĸֻûһ˳֣ձԽԽ졣
ͻȻԶһĶˣɱһգɿĪıûһƬ
˿ʱ¶Ҷɱ⣬һۣ¶֮ɫ
ҵԴɻȻǸɫŮӣ֪ļҵĹգ
϶ܼҵľɫ৵һȣ΢Ц
ܱҶһۣͷɱѹ£ȻļҵŮӣںգ϶ΣڵϦȾҪҶүҲһȥգ
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ҶûֻòУҶŷҶ󣬹ͬһƥȻδġ
ֻҪܷҵ˷ֿҶű̶֡
ǼܷңͬҲǰ취Ҷа
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Ҷ̧ͷȥֻǰԶһŮʯм䣬ˣˣȡ
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ĺٺЦӰÿ˵תܳˣ
˵ԼҲţӵ˱ӰŮһףȻš
У¥ͻȻ궯񶯲ͣҶȻһǻŮĿ衣
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ܱһǰλļҵӵܣΪʲôȣ
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ܱɻôû˵һң
Ҳ룿ݵһطôôû˵
ҶԺɫͱŮıӰԵߵɫڣ϶Ů׻ļӵܣٺЦĪ£ϷϷؼҡ
ǻŮδתԳԵ롭ǽµƬɽǱ밡
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ܱŭߺתͷߣͻȻһѩ׵ĵֻµͻȻƽƽΪ꣡
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ҲܼūеǿߣȻһҲûܽ£㱻˴꣡
Щɱǵֱӽɱ˱ǣҪ£
ɽͻȻһ׳һӰ߳ǵطͣͷȴһѳĺ񱳴󵶣ѩ


32 ħ׷ɱ
ǺӰָۣߣԶԶͨ˸ߴֽŶë׵ģǺָĴ糤Ϊ
۾£ĵ⣬͹ϸֳһһֻ
һɹԪͷסǰѺ񱳴շ裬磡
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оֵ֣ʵֲͬʿֻһֻƺǼ㲻УҲߣ˿ֶһֻǽҪԵļľ棡
үߣ
ܷͷȥūһ˲־ƴֻ֣ķĻᣡ
ĺͷ˳һ£תӡ
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ֹһҶĲҽдҶԵӵܣҲֻУ
һյʱ䶼δֺһڤڰ۷ǿɥ
ҶһҲͬһ³ÿ죬ֻ´˿Ѿһʬ壡
ͻȻ¡¡˻ͷȥֻһֻţСĺǺͻëɽкֱײ߱
ֵֻٶȼ죬Ӱһ㣬ɳĺ񱳴Ưںǵͷһ㽫·ĲϣƱˣ
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ҶɫͻȻӿŲǰܳɣתɭȻһЦȻĳƣƷͬİ֮ƵҶӰһͣ׷׳Ƶֵ
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ֲֻȻŭ׷֪ƥˣٶȾȻǻҪϼ֣ԽԽԶֻͣ½Ųŭѡ
Ǻվӣ׷ˣ̻ȥɱ䣬еӵɱһգ
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ıҶץסӣ棬޲ڣͻȻͬҶеķһתЦٱܰСȥҶ޸ã
ŭһҶ֣ܴӶȥҷұҶ֣ܼң
ŭĿӣҶ΢ЦλֲóˣСһƣôܶλ
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ҶΪ⣬ȻڣֻҪǰˡֳֻں룬ҵӵܶҪ˲أ֪ܿϢʿǰ
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ȻһЦһֻʮѹһ죬£
Ƕԭֻһ֮ңκ֮У޴ǵѹöͻƣΪ֡
Ҷ̾˿СûλõʺһֻѾεĳǰСܵΪҲûӰ
ЦһĲš
ҲЦٱԭΪӲ˵󻰣û뵽СһҲţƤ죡ǵͬʿĴڣڵǰվȽŸ㲻ˣɱһͲķͷ
ڵĳ׷ɱǵֻֻҪҶŪһһٸš
ҶҲϻֱӴ򿪱ңʬǰ
ʬոճ֣һ׺ʱļ£
Ŀ࣬Ȼţʵʤ۱磬Ҷóʬ壬ǵһ˲ݺݲڽ
ⳡעˣ˿ûз̵أ
ѵߵǰһغˣôûôõ
뷽һۣУҶ·һ˲ɲ⣡
ٱһƣ
䣡
Ҷվ˫ƷֿϮӡֻһɽһһԭ̼ͷ𣬱ֱͬߣ
ҶƺһһûȻ뷽ĺˣ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ҶȻȫһƣܽǱˣʵ˾壬ûдﵽɱһֵֻĳ̶ȣ
ѵߣһʿбҶҶɼΪӣа⡣


33 ʵ
ĳХһ籼¡¡ݳǷȥЦԶԶ죡ѹɱͣҶٱӳΪʿĻ㣬ڽ£
Ҷһۣתߣ΢ЦҶ֣ϵΪȷʵȻǿʿʲôҲǣϣܾΪʿʹʹĴսһ
ʿô
ҶĿ뿪о˸
ⳡעȷӮˣĴͬʵıâ¶޼᲻ݣ
뷽ҲһˣΪ˴ģԲǰ˵Ƿ
Ȼ޳죬˿ѷ֣ҪԵѹ
ĺͷ˶Ѿͻ죬˴λصԼ֮У϶ԽΪʿȴΪ컹һңԶľ롣
ʱĺͷĲȻԽԽ
˴ڹҪǱȡͻ죡ڴ֮ǰһ±Ҫ죬Ǿǡ
ɵҶϹ
ҶɱɭȻҶżҪأϹѴﵽޣ
ҪɵҶţƾ컹ԶԶΪҪﵽڤھأҶſıǮ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ʬ壬ߴٸɲͷȥ
ʱ䣬ͷ봸ԼΪһ¥ͻƵڤھأ
ͷѪϹֽսĳ콫ɽͷյùͺͺһƬѪϹڣޡҲУѵ֮ء
˴ֻ֣ݳ׻ұȻǰͺԹ˲ϾҶ赣ǻɱͷ롣
иɲڣоϮҲԴѣ
Ǳ֮ʱݼͬʱҲõֻּ޵Ϣ׻Ҷʱһʿ룬ɱ֣Ԯӵܣ
ҵķӦٶȼ죬Լķ֮һӵܡ
ЩӵܣǼδм˴ڣҿν˲أ
ܷҵ̴֮Ӻ˳ͻƣΪ֣ͨʿԣµ¥һٳΪʿܷЩϲ
ֻҶһƬ˴ڣҶӵ˸׻֮ϣҶ֮׵ҶҲֻ̻
Ҷ䣬ʽλҶ֮ӣֻ˲Ż
ˣҶСˣҶڸҶڲϣҶ˷ֵ
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Ȼشɼ㷢
ڣɹȣӳ죬Ⲣԭ
˴ҶѰǵûҵҶҶҲɥͺ֣֮˷ܵϲѶ
˲֪Ҷǿȴһ˿ˣҶҲھ֣֮ǿоɥҶһУҲûܹһ£
ȵҶ˼λ֮󣬸ְλֻ
Ҷųüү˴Ҷ߸ӵܣүҲھУڸ϶Ҫū
Ҷ˷ܵɫͨ죬ϿԣȻ㲻õģ˼ӵܶѣҵڣڸΪ㣡ҵڸܹܣȨ󣬽ڸ֮£ҶĵССĿɽҵƨҲҷһ
Ҷ˿ڸܹҶ˼ȱӻҶж˲ࡣ
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ϾҶӵܳ˲УҶѷϣҶҶ䲻ֻʣҶ㡣
ҶܳΪθҶŵĵλ
ϧûܵõƬȱױֻѾ䵽ֵֻС
УҶʿվϣĿɨӡ
Ƭ̣һʿüͷ̧ͷΪ׵꣬ЩͷѾѰ˾죬ûҵүѵҪȥ
ޱ飬ͷ
һʿҲüͷõܹҶ˵үүɱ˾үöүھ֣֮񼫣ǼѰүҲᱻڸ·һĻбҪȥ
µѾ˾죬ܡɳʿҲѾ׷ظˡҿү׶༪٣Ŀ΢΢
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ƥ׶ͬǣ㽫һֻӴСҧסһ˦ޱ㱻˦ڱϣһСǰȥ
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ͷɽҶŲˣ߶ڤеʱͬɽӿھбѭٶȱȴǰ죬ͬһޱȾܵĻԴԴϵµĲڤ
޴ĺôٶȱȴǰ죬ҲڤҲԶʤǰӽ
ľҲޱǿͣԳܵסĳҶŵ룬Ҳ޷ľ
ľѾ൱壬ʵĸľζʵԶԶͬȾĸ֣
һҶʱֵüΪĿҶͬҲڤڰأʹʽͬǷֽѺ֣ҶȴֽǣһƷ˿ûзأ
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Ĺؽڷ·ҲͭĴ죡
շħ߶£ҶʹžѧҲδؼûӳɫ
ͬʱĲڤԸѸ͵ٶתУһڤγɵƲγɣΪҲһ·߸ͽߵĲγ棬ٳڰ۷壡
Ǿڤ˼ΪҪһסԳ߻ħ
ߵȴһȫڲͬ·ӣһߴ߶ķһߴԼ
Ϊó൱Լͬʱ


34 
ַҶҲвַʽʽȻٶȼ죬ͬʱҲΪΣգв߻ħ
ַʽҪӵмǿĶȽľʯҲһüͷ
Ҷɷū䣬ľĥ״򲻶˲ŸΣյķʽ
շħʹ꣬ϵͭɫȥתɽɫ˫ͬ۴ߣԲ֮ڵʯ𣬱÷飡
߲˿֣
Ϊ߲˿ֵķΧҲԽԽ󣬽ŵһߣ
ԶԶȥ˫ⷭڷ裬ܲ͸磬һɷ
˾˵ΪѾ˼ʿƣ
һҶҾѧתĥԽԽǿĲڤҲڷȶԽԽƽڤھصĹؿ
ֹеƣȻӽǧ䣡
ֻҪͻƵھأһֻ̤죬Ҷ濹ıǮ
ڣеƴﵽ˼ޣҲûа
ֻͻؿĲڤŻٴλó
Ҫͻؿһ˵ְ취һֶԾֵѹʹԼǿͻơ
ͻƷʽ൱żȻԣɹʼͣһСıԷҲδܹ˳ھء
ڶַʽոһյĴĥޱȾޱȷһٳƹؿ
ַʽȫ˵ʺʲᣬпһӶᱻڹؿ֮⣬޷ƹض룡
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һַ൱ΣգкܴɷУڶַΪףʱ̫ûôʱ䡣
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ٶȾˣ˿ѷ뷽ǵǿ߶Ծ
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Լ΢ͣ£᲻ȥЩֲ顣
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ڤؾ粢ҶūУҲŲϣҶȵȴǣһʱ䣡
һʱ䣬㽫ڤأҶ˹ϵѧҲò˼飡
뵱Ҷ񽫲ڤؾ磬һʱ䣬ʱأǵٶȾȻʮ
Ҷǰһٶȿ𾪱ˣȴʵʵһΣ
Ҷ˼˵һһţٶԶԶˣֻĺͷҪѷһ
£ֻЩˣʲŻ֮ϣЩˣһǾţ
ǵٶʮ˵ǵʮʮһӵʵľţ
Ҷһ֮ţŵķ֮Уһͷȷ
ô󣬷֮ܿܿУһʵ㲻ʲôӵʾŲͬ
£ƾŵָû뵽Ȼһ
Сֻ´˿ʹﵽ죬ɾʿΪﵽɲľˣ
Ǽʣٶȣ磬һ£һΰֻſ졣
ѵʣٶȲŻô죿


35 쵶
Ҷֻţֵǣ
Ů⻰·õĪĹŮֶһߣͶְ˵Ļرס˵ʲôҲ֡
ҶıǴһʣǷӵʣûзǷ֮룬Ů뻳У˼
еŮסĲһǼһǺ£ٴȥ
ŮϸЩӵ˼͵ģֻԼķ·ʲôһӳ
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ʮ꣬ݾᲿУʮѾ꣬Ȣӡ
ҶвӵѾףЩʮ꣬ŮѾˡ
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ͻȻһ־ŭܰҶŭͷȥֻҶʮūվ֮⣬ֱĿһ˹˵ı顣
Ѿǰ˾죬˶ΪҶοҶֽҶĺͷ˱ˡ
ȻºϢĺͷӳ죬ҶΪǶ˿϶ҶףԲֻܴѡ
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ҶĿҶɨһḾϡ
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⸾Ƿҵݣū鲢ûҶкܲ˴
ҶԽȻǿ°ǣȴֹҵˣһǰ
˱ϾҶҵ̣ڣҲֻǡ
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ɵֻҶһˡ
Ҷţ㣬û뵽Լȥ޻أ
ҶĿվڷһԣЦˣСӵղֻͣЩūĶ֣ðԵСסǡ
һֲɣ
ҧгݣŭȵߵСҲץԺȥҪڳϡ
ʮūϣδüҶ֣ͻȻֻʮЩūʱ߸ڵϣһȻȫһ˲ַ
Ҷɫñ򷽷ȥ
˿۾ɴ˸սɣɫ󣺡С֣ɱҵˣ
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˾ȻҪԺ˶񶾣ĵߣ
ԴҶΪūܾ裬ʶĻʴȷŹֻǸ֮ʣɱնݳıɫ
Ȼ죬ЩūĶ֣һʱŹЩū˵ЩūҶŴսв
ɲΪһʱʴȣڣ
С֣ɱңɱҰЩը
Ҷ΢΢һЦ¶ѩ׵ݣȥ˿еɱ
Ѿ꣬Ͼ׻ҷҵŮ϶գ֪ܲΪΣҶȴ˿и
ȻҪ֣ǱɱһɶκǷҵŮҶķˣ
Ҵǵ⣬Ǿͳͳˣ
˿Ҷƽ¶źͿֲ֮ɫвڡ
Ҷ˵ҶһŮŮҶǰĸα̴ʮūڸݺݽѵһ٣ٽԺѩͷ֮ޡ
£ûиɷҶ˼å
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Ҷ˼åҲڣʮ̤죬Ϊʿֻʱ䣬ҶʿʵθڷУֻҪҶ˼å֣Ҷֻ·һ
ҶͻȻǰҶɱүѾɥĲˣɱЩūҲˣȻ﷽Ҳɱ
˿׳Ҷţ˵ôʲô̸ɱ
з˳ҶŶʱ޼ɵһǰγɣ絶ɭɭλΣͬʵ죡
ҶŴɱҶδ֪ͨѧûãҪɱźֻ꣬жõ
žֵ۳Σ׼ıҪӲ
ɵﲻƣ޼᲻ݣѾ˼׷ĳΣ
үūǷ˷֮ɱ㣬֮ɲҪңҶЦ

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ҶٺˣĿҶţִ򿪱ңȡȭͷϡ
ɳĺס˫ȭȭͷʱִͬɫ
ȻתڤƷЩ޿ĳɹʱչֳ
ȫһѨϣ˲䱻ڤעֹǣ·Ƥ²һССĸ󡣬һһ䣡
ҶźǵˣѨд죡
ļĤҲɲǼ䱻ڤ⣬һѪڼ棬·䶯ᾣ
ҶòЩ㣬ƽĶţ򣬶һʫˣ˿ȫתڤȻÿֱһˣһģ
˻δ֣Ѿʮƥɱ¿񱼡ūǴСУеȥ׷еȴֲֳָ棬ȺٱҶΧסȴļ´ǰ鿴
Ҷʲô˸£òͷ𣿡
⣬죡ܹҶţλڸķˣǳڣҲùСУǻòͷˣ
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ףǲҶҶٱôѾô˵˴뿪ΪѰ
ôǿᣬѵ˵Ѿ¿죿ֻгסҶܹ֣ܽȻԶԶǶ֡

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36 ɽ
Ҷֹͣˣȭǵӭȥ뺮ݺײһ𣬱һ𻨣һ飬ɢϣʱƣǧٿף
Ҳܲס̳һ۴С˿ڣ
ȴʵʵ£Ҳδζ
ǿܳܵסѹʱľ޴
Ҷ۾һȻϣնϺ
쵶ﲻƣ޼᲻ݣֻڷ֣ǶױĲϣ˵ʿҲ޷նϣ
ΧסЩūȴûôõѣɢҵ䣬߸ūһԱԵڵأѪӿ
ūĪæˣгȣ첻ĿҶϵ
ʲôôȻܽӵ쵶
ҶиǾȣ쵶ԼҲӲӣû뵽ҶȻ׽£Сеıǲ֮Щͳͳҵģ
Ҷһȭ鵶˫΢ͻȻ涸Ȼ£ѹһԲδӣ
˷Ҷųȥ
ĽŲޱȳأ£㱻ըһӣƺҶ·࣬һͷޱȵľ
ٶȴ죬ʯ㣬䣬嵽Ҷǰȭͷͬ޴Ҷźݺ£
֮ǺͷˣҲҵĶýŲȣڵأ
ūҲվȽŲ׷ˤֻ»סΣҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
⼸֮ԸΪʵǿΪӽ죬űίΡ
Ҷһ˲䱬ƣҲоֲҶ潻ǣֻɥʧ־
Ҷ⼸棬ͬһƽĸײֻ¸ܲסֱӱײ⽴
һ֮ǰҶոʱһ·Ҳ߲ȵĲӣȻΪһɱκһ˵ǿߣֱ仯ʵھˣ
䣡
ҶһȭԲĿͳͳɣγһƬʹõȭȻҶԳľѧǬ֣
ȭͷ֮ƣҶԴݺݴ£
һȭ£Ȼ˵һ죬·ñ˵ԴһţƤģ
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ʱҶ潻棬νֽΪжȥڱˣ
ʱҶȴվǰҪ潻棬ӲӲⱾһӣ
ǵˣȻʹԼĳǬ֣ûнӵ㣡
еǣҶǸ޴ȭͷܸоһϢҿ϶ֻȭͷԼͷ­Լ޳߾磬壬ޱǿͬҲסֻᱻҶһȭԴ
ޱŭǣǬӲҶǬ֣
ҶѾǬѧӵޣҲӵޣʹͬҲסһУ
òоޱʵ
ɽȭ
ҶŵƶȻһ䣬ͦñֱ׷ԲԣΡȻһͬΡΡɽĴһӭҶȭͷ
Ȼ˽ֲķ˺ѳһѺۣ·ص˿ڣ
һ¶֮ɫȵǱɽȭ˵ҶзǿȭͬɽȻȭֻעطųʤǿҶܹôʹֱصȭ
ΪȭûаսסүǬ֣
һ곤Ĺо䣬գҲգĶסҶȭͷ̾ѣүһȭѾǬֵľ򵽼㣬㳡ʹҲӸ
ͬʿʵȻޱǿʹ׼ѧȻԽѧӵޣҪ˵ʡ
ҶһȭѾǬѧݵ۷壬ﵽһ˿ɼĸ߶ȣ˵ҶţҲ
һʮ꣬ȻһŸѧݵ̶ֳȣò̾
壬˭ʤ
ǹ»ͷȥֻվ󣬽ŵ½ǣŴ۾ӵѯʡ
ҶҶŽõѧ֪УֻܿҶһȭһȭҶźȥȴ˭ռϷ硣
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곤³һ£˵ԼĿҿҶܹܵӮ滹ǴһЩҶűϾΪ񣬿Ѿʮ꣬쵶õǱɽȭַȭĽСүõǬ֣ΪƴĵĻҶܹܶʤ
¶֮ɫ̲סϧæȻֻҵһ֮ԡǣ뵣ģǰǼϹͷ㣬ܵκ˺ǻס㣬ҶӦòô
лЩȷϾǣҶʵ̫ǿˣһֱֻܽͳͳ
ҡҡͷעųУеĵ˿δ
ǵԼİȫǵҶİΣ
ҶСһ𳤴÷Ҷͳ˶˵ĸ飬һȫȻϵڶԷϣֻԼûо쵽ˡ
⣬ƥȻվڸߴʿؿųеս
ͻȻһʿЦүҶţĸӮ
һϮȻү
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˶һۣȻʧЦģǶһѣ֪õʶ͸ҶҵĶ׷ԾŻǾͶԾŻһʽˣðԾŻһʽǣ
ˣƺ£
ǾͰѧķ׷棡
Ҷˡ΢΢һϵ
ʿѧ׷ķȻԾŻϾʿĹɽ֮ʯԹܴʲôҲΪ
ҶһȭһȭҶźȥÿһȭ֮ޱȣ˽µĴض޴ķ˺ѣͬһ֩鲼Ŀĵ
ˣҶȴʼ޷ƿķ
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Ҷվͬһ߲ʡ᲻ɴݵΡɽ
Сӣҿ㻹ֶܼã
ҶЦҶʹǬּΪķѧĵȻˣƱؼֲ˺ܾá
Ҷÿһȭ֮˫飬һֱڷ״̬棬㲻ʲôֻҪҶߣҶնڵ֮µʱ


37 ɱҶ
Ҷţǰôϻ
Ҷ񲻶ɫȭȻһ䣬Ǵ󿪴ϵǬ֣һżȭΧȭͷת죬ͬһתͷſڰöķҶŴȥ
һȭͬǹܴ̣ϬޱȣǬȻûôƴƣȴ񣬺ݺݴҶŵıɽȭ֮Уʮɷɽ˺ѣ
ҶֻʮƳ뾭ֲͬķȥʱһţɾܼҵɽȭ
Ҷһȭȥɽƣ漴һȭһǰ
ҶŻδüֵ⣬æ֮һֻӲӣʱƺһӰ΢΢ζ
Ҷһȭȥɽƣڶȭȴصĸ

ͻȻըҶָſƾӨʱ䲼գɫɲǼγɣҶ£
һƺݺҶϣ޴ɣ·һֻӬ
Ǭ֣
ҶڰգѪ׵һֻ÷ѣ־ŭ
˿Ŀ࣬Ȼûϵʡ
Ҷ֮ԲϧŴǬҶŽȻΪһ̣ҶԣͻȻʹɽȭȥĲɽһٽҶŻ
ǾһõľȻҶŵĳѧǬ֣ϻϣݺһϲڽ
곤¹˰Σ³һ૵˵ܼҵֻҺ񣬵Խթҵķʣ˼͸񣬳Ǹ˶Ǻ˲šû뵽үǶ˿ѷҶҵ֮ӣѹֿԺ˲硭
˷ܵ߬Сȭͷ޲ô
ʿҲȵŴͣ˵
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ҶȻ˵صѧûϵѧȻҶг֣ʱһ
ĶܼӵܣȻ˲
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Ƕ˵Ĺϵѣº˽ѧ⣬Ҷֽ̹ɽȭȻֻǽɽȭԭû˵ϸĹҶȴԼǾ˵ѧݵ߰˰ˡ
Ҷڰգδ£ҶͻȻԾڰգɫ£ɾ
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ҶĹƣͬ籩ֻ꣬ҪռϷ磬ͻϵĽ಻ֱԷΪֹ
һ㣬Ѿȥķᡣ
˿̣ҶҲᵽֱݲеĸо
ƳһۣҶˡ
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ʿ˵ķ׷ֻЩĵرױ֮ĶǶģѰĽƱǷ
УҶſѪӿٺˣҶһĹѽİϣĵУĴòɡ
˿Ѿû־ӸµԽУֻߣԶԶģܿɱ
ĽǿĿȼ󣬾ǵһԶūܲײϣʱǣ
ȻȥɽȭƲʮأɱǿս
ɱ
ҶӰΣſڱȣȭͷͻȻī·ٸͶ㣬ϵľ죬һȥ
շħ
ѧҲǷ켫ĳ̶ȣǰѧ۷壬ֻͭɫǸӼӲٸ֣
һȭҶžӭĲһֻȭͷһɫɽ
ȭཻҶֻȭͷһȻͬսѹ
ûѹҶĺΰ
ҶȻڤھأΪԶԶҶҶŵĲڤֻǿԱ
Ҷʮǧ
ͷ룬׾ʯɽɽɣ˿ÿһȭÿһţ֮
Ҷűȫ飬ٺɢѣƬɫüŰ߰ѪвȻ
Ȼһȣ
һȫνǴ磬޿ƥУҫޱȣҫ̫Ҳʧȥ˹ԣ۵Ĺâü˶̲ס۾
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һȴҶ񣬶ֱǶȥ
ϬĵһʮūгΣλΪӽ£
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ҶܹܣڸܹҶ˼ūţֻҪӽҶҶ˼϶ӲʱҶоᱻҶ˼ˣ
ת˲֮䣬ҶѾӳʮ׿⣬ͻȻ·оһɭȻɱӱëȻ
æͷһɫͬߣֱ죬ɲǼüģ­
Ҷٱûεֵҵ쵶Ҷһ뷨漴ǰ޾ĺڰû
̲صľ޴ʬ𣬼ǰɳ
ǡһƥܾĿ۶ƥַɳʮһǵǽϣ
ƥδǽϣ˻ѡ
Ҷǰǧֻϵɣǰ쵶ȥͬɶ˻ֻࣱ첻ȴʼ޷ֵסһ
쵶䣬ѹ޷Ϣ
ҶȫһʵڿֲΪֵܵ
ɽȭ
Ҷһۣ©ɽ
ҶžͨȭҲͬͨӳɫ
ͬʱ˫ֱīɫתշħ̧ץȥ
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ҪǿӲ쵶
쵶Ȼ䣬ģĽ̵죬·ֲѪ֮Ǹ
շħ飬˫ʮָƣѪ죬ɼǣ
Ҷڷ𣬽ڴžı죬ɽȭҲһ˲ܣ
£ǣһȥƺҪֱг꣬Ȼ˳ưͷβп


38 ɵ
ҶĵڣǰȫһŸΣգ
Ҫһֻһ׷ӣ
ҶĿǰΪ޷ֵһܣǿҲУ
Ҫô
ʿסǵ쵶һ˿ڵٲֵĻֻүҪˣ
Ŀ䣬ûпҶ񣬶ǿһߣٵȵȡ
ʿ˳Ŀ⿴ȥֻһʮİһͷɫԪӿͬһССƣɱڣ̲סͺҶ˼å
ү겻ոɱҶţδܶԸҶŵ쵶û뵽Ҷ˼åҲˣ
Ҷ˼åɲҶֻϱ׷Ҷ׿⣬Ƕӥ˫ԾŻ
ʵȻֻԪƷʹӥ˫֮ʵԪƷƷҲ˿ѷ׾ٱܽҶǿ߻ɱ
ʿһۣȴ֮⣬ڸˣҪүֻ֣Щʿ
˶ǼūҶʿȻūݵλԶڸʿ
ЦһǸǰҲҪѭĳĹأ
Σﰵһ̡
ڵڸǿûӣҶţҲд⣬Ҷ˼åͻǶ˾Բ֡
ףҶŵ쵶ôʧˣһʿĿɨ
ǰעҶ˼åϣϾ鿴ҶΣû뵽תͷȴҶµǵ쵶Ȼʧֻʣվ
ûпʱΣȴһԭأҲĿ࣬һ˹ӡ
ʱι֣ǵ쵶Ҷ˫֮УҪг꣬˶Ϊɡ
˶û뵽ǣǵ;ȻСһʧͬҶ˫ֻȥһ㣡
һ׳̵쵶̻Ǽδδţ
˿⸱ΣȻ֪Ҷ񲢷ǽ쵶£ǽڣѹ
쵶ܷƥͬҲɣֻǹϬչֳױȵ
䱾ʣȻǴﵽ켶Ҷܽֽڡ
үֶΣǾˡ곤¶η֮ɫ̾
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ʵҶпԼ֪쵶ֽѹɾмǿʱ۳Σ壬˺Ƭ
˾ټΪðգһʱܱĻɽֶΣֻԽӲ쵶
֮ôһԭ
ǾǣһҶȫеȥѾĵĲ֣ҲͬҶһΪ
ܽԼΪƾͻƲڤʮعؿ죬ʡһµ޿
һʱ俴Ʋڷǵ˵ô̵ʱԽԶԶ׿
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곤ҡҡͷûлش𣬰γĽʣҶȥ
ʸոմͻȻһϸ΢ĵâڴ̳৵һ÷飡
곤ֱ۾ƺһֿ̧ʱֻĻھȻѣѪ죡
ҿ˿ֹӽ
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ūǻæɢܿҶͬһ㡣
곤Ҳǰֻ̤֣һֻ΢һҶ񣬱㱻ûڱѣǣֻͱһնɱ
ãҶ˫ۣ˿Ŀ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ڳɹѹ뵤
ˣ˵쵶뵤ҲҪΪ򵱳Ҳ޿ܡ
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쵶ҶŰĹԶҶĲڤǱһ䣬ΪƱػٷһΣ
쵶δӽƺ¥Ȼ𶯣һɫ£ǲƳʱ飬Ҳ޷ۣһ˶ĲƣƯɫƺΧ
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ֻҪƣƱһͻƵʮعؿɾ죡
Ҷ񳹵׷һνøҶŰĹǺεǿֻҪЩΪͻͽһٿѵĹؿɾ죡
Ҷŵʬȥ֮ū׷ɢ¶η֮ɫ
ҶŵǿߣҲӲ˿ЩūУҶȻҶһ֣
Ҷץȥָո̽ͻȻͣ£ͷðϸܵ亹
һѾȻ
ɱҰޱȣҶŵȣֱǸոѧ·Сӣ
ҶѵתͷֻһĿ
ʮ塭
Ҷ˼åȺȥɱڣҶĿӡ
˼åСɱ˼ɱ˼ɷ򣬾һȵ
Ҷ˼åһͷɫԪγһֻǽ᾵ӥצצϲֵֹƬһɺϢɢ
һֻ߶ߵӥצӥצϷһƬƬɫëγɣγһֻͷĶצӥ
ֻӥĲӴһͷһƬƬɫƬƾնγɱ۴ߵ
ǣͷβ·ɫӥһ塣
ӥҲβһƽβ


39 ӥ˫
֪ӥߵĹβף۾Ҷ˼åͷβʹڵϣ׶೤
ʿ׷ӥ˫
νӥ˫˵ĲӥֶһӥߵϹޡ
ײɱȻçͨ󣬵ȴç׺ݰٱ֮Ѫɺӣ
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ƳѪȴСǰĳһҶֻһѪӡзɳвһ
ӡԽԽ󣬼ӴСҶ֡
һɴһɵӡӵе޼᲻ݵԣֱҵĻ棬˵ĸһɲǽˮյ÷ڣѩ׵
ӡǷɽʵʣɱʮ֮⣬ȵҪǿᣬҶŵĸ֣Ҳᱻһƻɱ
ӡɽָᵯֻࣱ첻ָһָӡ˵ָȴ֣ͬĸһìһӡ֮һҶȥ
һֵʵѧ߾磬еľ壬ʿ׷û
һӡɽ£ҶסӡſڴȣȻ壬ݵĺɫӭϣҵƷ缸ӵ˺úˮ
оϴǿѹѹӳˮУӡ̲صˣȫҪԽ
ҶƺһһֻƻشԼֱ֮ϣɾǿۼӣʱɽһӡ飡
ָӡģ죬飬˫ָǴģƴ̴
һ̣ɽĸǰȭХûϬɱ̼ȫѨϡžž죡
ҶڣתԪһĸתǿǿӲӲȻӭϷɽȭͷ
ͬʱȭҸϮͬͷֱɽС
ܼɽȭ
ɽƼͬʱӡҼ磬ļιǴϣתҲܲס
Ĺɾǿ˵ɶһˮ󰶣һҰ
Ҷ۵˿ѪֽұĴࡣ
Żұۣεķұ۸ʹһͷʹ
Ӷ԰ɽɫǺ죬ӿѪ˿ͬһֻĴϺںӱŻ
˼ͬʱˣɽǼʤһƽᣬҶұۣս
ҶҵҶٱȻ鴫ŵҶУȷʵԩ
ɽֱĨȥǵѪϧһһ֣ɣ
壬߻üˮϣ֮أҶɫ䣬΢Ц
Ըϧղ뷽ɽӲƴһ˲䣬ĵȴû뵽ɽľȻԪת˿
壬壬ȫͬɣѴݻ١
ң֮ͨ˵ĵѨڽ˵ﷴǷǿĵط
һȭ⵽Էɽʵ˲
Ͼ̤쾳ʱж̣Զ緽ɽḻʹһаܱʡ
ͷִԲ򣡡
ɽȣͬһһԾʮףҶϮҵյࣱ죡
ҶٱɱҶҾȡĽգڴ˵ؼҶʱһֽǮ
һԾˮӣҶͷӥֳӥצҶצµҪҶһצץ飡
Ҷվͷ̾Ϣһ૵ϧһˣˣ֪Ľ죬˭ǵ㡭
¥ҳеĵһսһ˵Ѫ۷磡
ԣ˿һɹ߶¥תڣֱͷٻѨ
Ϊﵽ죬Ȼܴ߶¥
ɽͻȻоһ˿ΣϢӥצδ£һ¥Ҷ­ǹ¶һǣתɳ
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ĴУҶٱѾΪʿˣ
ɽɫޱ䣬ʿô
ӥצȻ£δ¥㱻ɫ÷飡
¥ײȥλϾǿߣԶδһ㱻һص÷飬һѪ
һ־ˣ
Ҷ¥һ૵壬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
мǺȻ־Ȼ
¥ѹɽʵȲڰ¥ײ֮£ǱȻ顣
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ҶͷȥֻǰҶ˼棬˵вһ¥Ϊ˵ҵ¥ֻһô
̧ͷȥֻ¥ԽԽСûͷԺܶ£ķγθ׹䵤֮С
¥µһ˲÷¥ȻΪ㣬͸


50 
Ҷ˴˵
ǵԼе¥ֻһ㣬ȴͻȻƾնһ㣬ɶ¥һƷף
е¥԰סڡࡢɫΪСƷסǴƷףԽ࣬ƷԽߡ
һ¥ֻǵ׵ĲдƷû뵽¥Ȼһ㣬ǰδţ
ѵҵ¥Գɳ֪˵¥ǲҲ
Ҷ˼Ѿߣۿȥֻˮϵսµĺۼ΢΢üٱұ۶ˣѵѾɽˣû뵽㾹ȻӳʱΪȻ٣
Ҷ˼߶߶˵ͣСһǿˣԲŶٱǷһŶ˵ľȷʵҲûʮİոɵ
Ҷع̲ͰģɽѾɱˡ
Ҷ˼桢Ҷ˼˶ڸִ£̵ӵգǹաҶûʱǶ˶Ҷģ൱
ңڽֻʿѰҶ䣬Ҷ˼岮İΣģֻһĺ
ҶٴμжЩ졣
Ҷ˼ϾΪ˾ҶҲֻýѹĵס
ɽˡҶ˼ԭأʧ
ɽһˣʵ֮ǿͨʿҲѷɫҶȻ˵ɽѾɥУܲȣ
Ҷ΢Ц壬ôûеĻôȻȥˡ
Ҷ˼겻ᣬ˻֣ʾ뿪
ҶԶŻع⣬ôСˣٱӵж¥飬Сˣ¹ش󣬻Ȼȥڸ˵
ҶȥļιǱɽϣұۼϵʹ顣
ȴΪ˷ܣ¥֮Уֻ¥еľǰвͬ
˿¥ռ伫ΪʮĶԲɰĶСһСͺ̲Űɫ
еСϣֱ죬¥ռеͱ˸գͬɫϵƬɼͬһɣ
ڣѾʧ֮⣬·̫ߣͱڽ¥ŵöһ㣡
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֪ɫҶмصĵ׷ķ
ҶʶƮСȥ
ָδҶͻȻҶâţϿһƬĻһĴӽҶлӿ飬ǰγһƪǧֵľģӲӡ
ͻȻƪķ·һ㣬ַӵȥͬʱһƴͬһ󴵷ݣ̳ģͬ
Ƭ̣Щ־ԺоŽֹͣҶҲҽʧ
ЩҶһҲϵãоõҲϹʧԣҶ·ȻȻ㶮˾ĵĺ壬һƪھԺлת
СǶ΢⾿׷ķ
Ҷ˫ۣСǶ΢һ飬ĵĸְ岻·Ѽķо͸ķһ㡣
ƬҶеľģСǶ΢ܸ٣ֻһǶһСǶ󷨡
СǶҪһǳԪžʯĿҶû˵ֻȽ׿רоǶ
ķԪأ컯ԪçͨҪ
Ƭ̣һ૵çͨҪôܣ
ҶȻʿ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ֪ʿʱԪνԪָ̫ǳɢĴ֮
çͨԪԶԶʤķ
ǶȡԪȴӷ̫̫࣬ǣСʮǶҲͳͳУΪ
ɼǶȷʵҪçͨ١
çͨҶ֮ϵľѧҶҾǿķ۾꣬жЩǶᳬͨ


51 
ҶڸʿһãҶȨߣҶ˼Ҷ˼ܡҶ˼ȻȻУҶڸ߲㹲жʮˣν˲żüá
磬ҶСɱҶҶᣬΪʲôڸغڣҶ˼åĿվ
Ҷ˼תĴָϵָ΢Цʮߵ԰꣬ҶɱҶᣬΥڸĹأûҪõġΪټλҪó³̡
Ҷ˼å£ߵ磬ҶѾˣڸһֱûдȥֻ±ҪЦҶûйأ
Ҷ˼Ȼһֱչزʲôӣ
ڿʼûãҶ˼չأһֱڻûгء
ƳҶ˼åһۣЦղҶڸ׿⣬ͱ㿴˰֪ͨҡ˿ҶֻѾڷɽˣ㻹ʵҪҶҲ̫Сˣ
˵ʵҲľŹҶ
Ҷİūţ˵ҶһҶ֪ҶĹȻҽҶǲӣ޴档
˴ˣȻҪֻӡ
ңҶӵУ͵Ҷ񣬱ĶҶ㣬ûҶҶΪθѡ
֮УҲϣԼĶܹΪθ
ҪҶΪθҪǰǣҶʯ
Ҷ˼һȦɫʮߵ˵ûҶҪã˿϶ҪЦҶûйءһֱչزиְ֮λһ£δ
Ҷ˼åҶҵĹأϽУҶ񲻵Ҷ㣬ɱҶ룬ҶҶҲУֱɥĲʮ⣡ռҷӣӦ
Ҷ˼Ҷ˼ܡҶ˼Ȼˣ΢ЦĵܣʮܣΪأ
Ҷ˼ҡͷ磬иְ֮µȻ
ҶɱҶ룬Ҷ㣬ǽҶ˼Ҷ˼ҲԸΪҶ
οҲõϢɽѾȥ·ϣȴҶﾭ
ɽһˣΪҶܹӷɽѡ
Ϊһ˶Ҷ˼ֵܲá
Ҷ˼ȻȻͬһ뷨̾ϢϧٱУ£ʵ˺ġ
Ҷ˼˶ԣ˿
Ҷ˼Ҷ˼ȻƹڸȨû飬Ҷ˼ֱӸҶ˵뷨
Ҷ˼΢ЦȻˣôҶ弮ִĨϳ书
δ˵꣬ͻȻ򿪣Ҷ˼糾͵ĳ˽
Ҷ˼΢΢üΪãϰˣʲôʱôأ
Ҷ˼˲еɽٱˣһ¥ҹСѾΪʿˣ
һʱһƬȻͷӶ۷׷ס
Ҷ˼ͻȻվǺЦ磬СΪٱ»дȶ˵ϣҶٱ֣ͼأٱֻǷʧɱҶᡣңҶ벻ǸūţһѣҲˣӵܸһʲô
Ҷ˼ȻҲվֵ˼ٱΪʿҶҵĴϲ£֪£϶ĵúܡ
Ҷ˼ɫ࣬Ƕ˸ղһĬӣ˿̼ʹ棬ıڷ磬޷ҶΪʿǰ;˿ӣ̧ѹ
ʿҲ׷ǰȰ˵Ҷ˼ͻȻЦٱܳΪʿҰϧôᴦ
˵ȴŭܣ޲ýҶƤǣҶٱƫƫҪԣ¥ţûˡ
Ҷ˺ȹСҶĲϣұ۹̶סԹүɽô򲻹ܾˣαغӲƴ
һô֪ҵǳ
ҶЦ˵ҪҪϵĺ˽ͷ䣬һҲɲ˸֣
ͷգգЦҵӦȰڹãΪˣȥѻͳͳȽϰȫһ硣
ڸЩʿҲ룬ϧûжٽս飬һΪˣΪʿҲһȺ
Ҷ˵ͻȻЦǣ벻ڸ
ܹԼңȻǺá
Щģүڸ²ǻȥүҶᣬֻǻҪǡ
ãǣģڸᴦǣ
ҶЦڸѿԼڷɽУ˵ǻ´һʬԼķͷһʡ
֪Լţɽɱӵһ¥ô͸κδã˵н
Ҷڸһ൱п룬Ķǵĵط
ڸͱһȨλĽ𳡣Щ˲ʵ£ֻϡࡣ
ֻҪʵͱĿҲܴ»СС»ˡ
ûʵǾǽƣ˭Ҳ侮ʯ϶š
Ҷ˼λħһʿס棬Ҷͱ׻ˣ
Ҷɱɽӵж¥ϢҶҿ϶ԼعڸڸԻֻӭ
ʵЧӦ׻ִ壬ʵŻȨԼƿȨ
ǣߣͻصڸûǵķӣ


52 عڸ
ǳһ£ү˻ûá
˲£ͻȬ
ҶתתԪͷһѪ˿ͷмƤڵϡ
ЩιǵƬѪ֮Уľ磬弫ǿЩǾǱӼм˳
ѵļιǣĸоȴڲ޸ϹǣڻѪ޲ˡ
ôţǷ߻ط䣬˳
Ҷ񲻽ʰֻѾͷս˳
սò񻰣ͨͭɫĴͷһɫƣԶԶȥͬϣ˵Ҳаʮء
Ҷεǣֻȥڸûǵķӣȥɱˡ
ǻϴɱڣб޻ү߰ɣ
һ·߽ҶĿ⣬׷ϡ
ЩүǻūڸүҪӣǲ̫ˣ˼һ᲻Ǹߣ
ôʵһԸţ
ҶߵԭԼԺǰһŽ߿ʩʩȻ˽ȥ
ʲô˵ҴүԺӣ߷үţӵСòͷ𣿡
߰˸ū춯ֳֵ̳еΧסһ곤ūȵ֪ʲôطô
ǽ֣ץסϴʱ׼ս
ҶɫƽЩūӶūȻҲϳĿ˸Ҷ֡
Ҷʲô
Ƭ̣ҶԺ߳ɫ԰ף񶾵ĿҲݵĵط
Ҷ̰ĿϤľ£Լʮ꣬΢Ц磬лЩӰտҵլһˣԹˡ
󵨣Ҷү˵Լ죿ūҶߣʱ׳
ž
ҶͻȻתظһͣūڽѪԭأ֪ΪԼһơ
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ҶֻҪΪʿӵɱĴȨūŶ԰ūһԾΪԺڸʿƽƽĴڣ
ūµʽȻҶԼ죬ҳ飡
ߣҲߵĻ᲻ɱңҶ촽
Ҷ΢΢һЦ¶ѩ׵ݣ磬˵أ
Ҷ㿴⸱飬˸սҿ϶ԼִⲻߵĻҶ϶ᶯɱˣüͷһ£
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ȻиǿĸףҶ˼ȴ
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㣡
Ҷûŭסȭͷ˰ΣͻȻЦãҹߣǧҪģҪҵ˵գӣլԺ
ǷϴЩģү϶ڸܹҶ˼үֻù
ҶȻϣɱҶ룬͵ˣһκ͵Σûʲô𡣲ҶСӣ֮󵹳࣬Ȼ̵סûҶ֡ϧǿϧ
ͷ֪ҶղŵȷҶ㶯ɱġ
Ҷ㵱ʱ̲ס֣ôҶɱ˳سеκΡ
Ҷĸλϣȼϼ㣬ţǹȥ
ǹԣײ¹Ҷū˸ûķݶ
Ҷһ˫ףǽԼļˡ
֪үҿãǡߺ죬ﲻ֪Щʲôȵģҵġ
Ҷ˫֮⴫һˬʴЦٱȻڸˡҾ˵ǳ֮
ҶӭţֻҶ˼Ц󻹸ʹӣ
Ҷ˼ޱȣЦٱ֪庮һСС˼
ҶлںȲ裬ļ䣬Ҷ˼뿪
զүүƥƷУ
ҶΪ⣬Цٵġǣյֳ
Ȼϣ֮һʱ䣬½½˵ŰݷãһɫҶڸ߲㣬ҶʿҲԺҲ
ڸܹҶ˼ҲһݺɫΪѾߡ
Ҷ߲ܣյȫգĸѾߣȥźǣЦǣź㣬źҡ
ǰһ̵ۣġ
ҶĿвпǧ
Щ鱦ʯ˵ֻ֮ֻʵǸ
ûʵҲḻɵйҲֻǾˮ£ֻҪӵ㹻ǿʵ޷ģҲԶϲ
ڻʿþΪҹɫҶע⣬˼
ĿǰһǶһתΪԪΪʿ
ڶǼתԪԼΪͻƵʮһعؿš壬Ȼ˳˳תΪԪ


53 
һַ̳ΪʿҶǶأΪķֱΪԼ죬ȥĳɾͿ϶
ڶַٶȽʤ޳֮ޱǿɹأֿȭɿ׷һֱֶΡ
ҶƬ̣ʵԸᣬͻȻ룺ͬʱķֻΣ
ʿͬʱķҲûУ١
ʿ޵ķ¥еķķǵ塢Ԫϣ°빦
ķϵı׶ˡ
һķΪ塢ԪϣҪķѴľʱ䣬±룬
߻ħ
ƣʿһֻ֮һķֻЩΪĳһʿŻѡķͼͻƾ硣
Ҷ񻹼ǵǰ꣬Ҷ˼̰ͽ߻ħԪҷգգۼ㽫ճɻҽ
ķΣԣɼһߡ
ҶȨƬ̣ķ㣣ֹͣ
߳ţԺĻ԰УŴ߶Ƕ
ҹˮͷǿûֻе㷱ǡ
ڳΪʿֻ֮ܲɼ֮֮Ԫ𣬱вԷٶһֻʱĶơ
ȥ꣬Ҷһʿ̰ͽڴʱɼԪգۼ㱻ո⣬ͷҲûʣһ
Ƕȴǲɼа̫̫ʮǶ޵ԪͣʮʱҹصٶԶԶͨ׷
ǶҪͨÿͨһ趯һִӡӡʮСǶ趯ʮӡ
ʮӡÿһֶޱȣΪӣҶǵһιͨȴ·ѽЩӡһ㣬ԼЩ죡
˫ֱӡٶȽӿ죬ÿһӡʹܸо֮һ˫ǣããĿռԼΧ
ͻȻǰֳһө㣬ڿӡǣ۶γɵǹ⣡
˫ٶȽӿ죬һӡǣԴԴϴ䣬һſǹ̳֣ͷף㳾ۿɼ
Ƭ̣ԽԽŨ
ҶֻԼͷضһŻȻ򿪣ʱЩɫͷ׵ٻѨע룬ϸ»أշת·ιʮ¥βǣ筹Сʮ̵ظǶʮ죬»ͥ湬
Ȼֳ˫շתӿȪ̶ص
Щеʤееĳɽеķ絶е
زӵӿڣʱ·һ쫷ˣϮŭ˷ӵ񱩵֫ٺ߰ٶʮѨϣһ𶯣žı
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Ҷƺһֹֻǣ·һֻƤ򣬶ǹķƴƤ洵ƺҪű
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֮ǿԤϣҲܲס
Ҷæ߶תԪ𶯣ͬڵȼһڣر첻ʼѹ
ãڱתԪȴûתΪԪǱ
Ϊһ˲ۺΪʤ¿ޣ
̲صʵ̫ˣҵʵһ
Ҷ־ϲ˫ӡǧ򻯣ٴǣתԪΪٴαǣ
ƾĹؿһ㣬÷飬ƺƵӱˢÿһ䣡

һߵĵΧת
ݻ쵶Ϊ˵׾٣
ͻƵţΪʱٴͻͽԽԽŨճתԪ߶뵽ÿһ䡣
鲼˿Ҳÿһ˿ȸҪӲһѸֵķ˿ƴϵĿ϶Ǹֵ
壬߾磬죬壡
Ҷֻţԭľ磬Ҫµʱ䣬û뵽һʱĶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿ޳壡
ǶĸҪԤϡ
ķٶϣֱþˡ
ͻȻҶ쳣ǿҵľףֻһɭɱϮæ̧ͷȥһֻӥצ£
׷ӥ˫
Ҷ˼å㣡
Ҷ񲻼˼̧ϻֻһһ޴ĺɫӡƱԵۻӭӥצ
ӡ̲ޱۺҪɽӡ
䣡
ɫӡӥצʱһɾ޴ˣſһ˲佫԰Ļݲݾݻ٣ڵʯҲƷɣײ
ֵನδֹЪײڼɽ֮ϣɽҲˣһ䣬̮
ɫӡһ飬ֻӥצҲ˻ȥ


54 ӥ˫
ҶվģӲӥ˫ܱȷɽȫһǿ顣
ͻȻдһβĽסһͷ̽ҧȥ磡
壡ƣ
Ҷ񱬺ȣʱӥߵβſ˫һֻмغ£ӥͷм䣬۵һ죬ֻӥȻ˫Ƽ飬Ԫɢ
ԶһףڰȻûϵҶȻܽӥ˫ɱ
Ƕ˽ֻһ˲֮䣬ƾ춯أʱ˯еǡҶڸʿڶֲ࣬вѲӣС
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ϵЬƾɣȻ;棬ŲһԶٶȴ졣
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ԪԪڣԪͬ¯ԪԪͬС̫ԪԪ֣ҫ
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֮죬ݳ䶯䶯ԭҪ档
һҶ˼ͻ澳ڣɹԪھ磬ʼ
ڶҶҵĵճҶأ֮ڹ¶ǿʵԪƷ
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64 ˫Լ
תԪɵԪֱ֮࣬һ޵׶Źٶȱ仺һҶϲס
˵ԪתԪѾڱ͡
תԪӦҲķȻôһķԪԪھƷ
Ҳ˵תԪʱ޿̶ڳȡԪת޳֮󣬻һΪĹ̡
֮ÿһת޳ɣΪд
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ͨ㣬в˿תԪԪȻҲмޣôԼصʮ֮ͻƵԪƷ
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ͬʱתתԪŹԪԽԽ٣Ϊ죬ԽԽ졣
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Ҷľսٶ֮죬ҲĶǣԼǲķ⣬ô֮죡
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ΪﵽԪƷΪſʼ
ԪƷ嵽ƷҪԪΪֲԪƷʮǶʱڱͻơ
еԪʤͬвһ޴Ļ¯ɢȵ
Ҷ˿ֹͣ૵һ֮ڣԪһƷԪƷҰѴ˵ȥ϶һˡ
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ǰĴ˲֪ٱ׳̣ΧҶһܣֻצסļͷϸĲ߸𣬰ԴѹҶͷϡ
ıſһŽĤͬ״ĵɽޱȣӺһֱ쵽β
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ͻȻִȻһһӸ̽˶ԴצӰǶлγ
ѾԪƷԪΪݻԶͬԪƷС˲ܻγԡ
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ҶػæЦæҺٱȥ໱¥ȥһ٣鷳˵գ´ǣֻͬһͤͤĹˣ浾ţɻӣ·ǵǸٱƨɺתСѾͷŮʮ˱䣬Ҷˡôб顭
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Ǹոߵת䴦⻰Ůһʹһǽڻв֪ǧٰζһӿͷ̲ס䣬ȹϡ
үҪȢҡЦеૡ
ҶĵȢؼҲãŮӣȷ㡭˵Ҷ۾ͻȻʧߣ㲻ȢްɣֻǸѾߣ
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65 ץ
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ɫ䣬˫ַһһͣȻ
չڵѪԪʢͬһһ˶ߵգס壬ɢŨ棡
˲֪ߵغΪΪʿ޼ɵҶҵλүȱٽҲգұǸĸѵѵǣ


66 ɱ
ӺſͷԪһֻѪɫſڴۿɼɫײȴûзκ
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УҶոճΪʿûãΪǳȻ޷ֵѪʮȴ֪ҶתԪ֮ǿᣬԶԶԤϡ
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ҶֻܷɳʮԶ㲻òأڿ޷תֻһпõİ衣
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ҶԾŻȻǿ֮ͬҲΪԣѪʮ׷ȣԾŻԵñ׾ȱ鶯
ŸУҵλʿһۣҶȥȵҶҵүҪ־͹̫ɫҳҶң

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ǵ׷ȴһֺϻ֮ϻһ˵Ԫ꣬һ˻ΟߣΟ߲֮ϣҶײ
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ҶĿٽսӭϻ֮ѩ׵ԪȻһŭֱ˶棬̽ᣬӹ޵Ͽշɹֱ˶Ÿ
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67 
ҶصΪոմﵽԪƷȴȻԪһƷʿС磬һ󾳽磬಻ν
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Сһ󾳽Ĳ࣬Ҷϼһ㣬ʹõһصսʽйء
е׷ֻʹУƩӥ˫ֻȡӥצԪݻΪӥߣԾŻͬҲֻȡͷ
Ҷ׷Ŀ࣬ʹȴȫȻûһ׷ȫǴ׷нȡɱУֻйûз
ÿһȭÿһţ֮Ĺƣ׷ƬֽƵǱ
Ҷ۾һҶؽ׷ã쵽˼£ܽ׷ֽ⣬ʹԼҪʽ
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ʱҵʿɽеľ֣ЩߵľȴȻҶֻԱͬУû㹻չİȫ


68 һˣ
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үŵĻǴɣΣգѾͷѹͭ
Ҷգգ۾ѹֻͭ׼ıͣʵûмõţ
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үĲôѾͷ⣬Ȼ
ҶæȥŮ鷳ƨԹڼң죬ٴţ
ͷСֹүȻֿڣǸܼҵүѧˡ
Ҷ߳ҶȥͻȻƺƳһϤӰ΢΢ü
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Ҷͷݼߵֻ̫»ᱻá
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Ҷ˼ƺ˵ΪḮ֮λɱֵͬܣ׷Ī
ЩֵͬܲҶƱؿԽܷݵͳͳɨ
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ΪһֱңҶü
ĸˣ
ЦҪȥɽԣŪһЩȥܼҵ׿жһ׷˭·㡣
ܼ׿ĹغҶһҪ׿ѡ׷ͱϽ㹻Ĳϡ
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Ҷһ֣ʾߵԪģⷢ˵ԼȴöڣԵùǳ
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Ҷ߽ۿֻһֻδȫΪˣϳɫƤëʬ嵹ڵϣܵɽֱݲеǽ岻ʯɢһء
Ȼֻ˲֪ʲôУֶսһ
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Ҷע⵽ʬֱָ񣬲ӴĸѪƺ֪ʲô˾Ѫ
һ˺ȻûнƤ˺вȻʲôȻôױɵͷͻ
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޴ѩûնɱˣǰʮף;ľʯͳͳппƽƽΪ
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ѩɺǸѩ׷ѩಢʮֺڼ֮صıԭѩ֮УѸݣ˫絶ѩ
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ֻѩһδУۻأٴ˺󱳳ͬʱԱɽȻһХһֻͷβԪͻ֣ſȥ
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չ˫ԶûȥҶ˵ĹвɺȻֹ֣ٱҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ˵ܽŵļһˣɵˣػȥȱˡ
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ⳡսԾŻӦãԽӦ֣

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ոձǰҶǰƷ£ࣵһ죬㽫ԴӲҽʬΣ͵ڵأ
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ҵλүȻһ˲ǰɥʦƽѣ


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ղžֻԪεĹ˸ɣ
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ĽһѡȨҶ񣬵ȷռ˼ıˡ
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Ҷ񵱼Ԫֺ¥ķڣַݼΪϡҶ[˵أֶַǣҲۡ
˺ܿ콫ַĥ͸ʵַһ㶼ѣҪԪԪ¥ĻӦãֻǳ벻ѡ
Ϥַ֮΢Цҵ¥аĶС֪λֵ¥ռж󣿡
ЦӵʱãĶһ㡣
һסҶ񣬵Լ¥ռС
ҶͷЦҺα̸ô˸⣿
ļͷЦٱ¥ֻж㣬ȲҲջ¥װ£
һЦҲС
Ҷ̾ϢһЦλ֣Сܻῼǵġ
˵ˮȥƬ̱Ҷˮ̶ǰˮ̲Ҷ񲻽Щʧˮ̶沢ûصİ
ص¥һ¥ɳΪ㡣
֪ʲôʶ㣬Ӧ֪ϧ粻
˵ɽ£ʱһʪɽХŨˮͱڣ罣
ԶҶæȥֻһȺӥȥԼʮˣһɫʿ
ݵʿѵݿˣĿۿƬ̣ɻ
ҶһݣЩ˶ݿɳʿ׼ɽģ
촽ԵüΪаЦһοԿһ磬Ըˡ


73 ֺܿ
⻰Ҷжһ񺮡
ԭķǸ湫ӣţѪħԪ󷨣Ȼñ˻Ҫ׶һ˶ʳĿֲģ
ѪħԪ󷨣ǽΪʵô򵥣ͬʱҲԸŤ
ħķͽٶȼ죬ֻ䣬߻ħķȻΪʤھΪȽ
Ҷħķۣڿӣ֪Բ飬ĵ֪ҵǶ;תԪħ
ķЩ岻Ƕ¥еĽҶķתԪҶá
ǰħķǶٶȼ죬ӦħķתԪٶ˾Ӧķ
ǶȻٶȿ죬Ԫ󣬺Ȼ˿ûħķӦеӡ
ħֻҪΪʵǺķҶа
˾ӥˮϿƯһۺɫһΣͬ͸ˮĸƯڰգҫϼеŨŨˮ⣬ݷ߲ʳϿգѤޱȣ
о綾Ϊӥȴضǡ
˵ܼҵĳλռһһħױλΪѾﵽ澳ĻԪڣɽĴѰȴ˷֣Ȼ֮У
գܼҵӵҲû˵һΣ߼ʬ塣
ܼҵĳţܴ裬Ҳڲסʹݡ
ҶСܿһΣʵڱܲ¥Ԫ֣ſס
ǰ濪ĵʿȴûֶΣ˲ճһ˿ڶ֮С
ڿԪɫոսӥδûһֻ֣ʿϡͿɥпνΪ˳
ڼҵڸܹܣһΪѾﵽԪƷ۷壬Ԫͬһֱ׵գҫܣԪѾΪף
ԪʿɼԪΪԪֱǴؼӶȡ
澳ԽԪԼΪԪΪԪָʹ˳Ϊ棡
ϿһЩִ٣еľȻˮͰϸԶٸïʢӽһֱͱڶˣף
Ҳٴɽ£뽧ס
ϹĹӣɫɫޣΪˡ
ڼҵһʿ̲סժһɫʵով׽£ͻȻҽһ·ͱƤĴ©գۼڣһ̯ڵϣ
¥Ҳʬһɢ
ڿԪɫ΢䣬ȵСģǧҪĹʵо綾
ܹܣǻûӥˣֻЩһʿС
޷ֻҪһЩӦûж⡣
ڿԪɫأڼҵĿɽѾݽߣ˴ζҪٳµĿɽҪͨӥٹ꣬ڼұ˥䣬̲
ܹܣ滹СʿڸǣҪҪɵǣ
ڿԪͷһۣЦһȺСɫѣ£֮ϸ
һȴӦǣ壬¾£
ԶժһŻɫӣҲ㳢һڼʿòҲ̶ãæеĹӶһߣһҡ
Ҷ״ժ˼ɫʵ¥ȡʦƽнɻĹͷѹϸϸͿĨڵϡ
뷽˸սֹٱɧʵȴǻҪ𣡡
ļѧҲժ¼ɫӣԼذϸϸͿĨһ顣
û룬Ѽźս¥֮У׼ԺõһױҲôɡ
˴ϣ̧ͷȥֻڼҵʿȻ˺Զæ첽ǰȥ
С㲻ǶˣҪɱô
Ŀڿվɫƣɱڣ̲סЦǰĸθˣܲã
ƺһȻƢԱҲֻ֪֪֮ƾԼĸڼʿĶ֡
ڼʿΪγڣǸȵĴԪӺݣһ֪ǳĸ֣ʦƽȣѷɫӦҶ˼Ҷ˼һ֣
ڿ߽ˣڼҴ˴ӥģѾڼҵĵ̡Ҳ˭ǻͷü
ڼҵĵ̣
ҶЦػʷڼҵģǺʷģ
ڿɫ΢䣬ĹЦλڼϸ磬㻹ֱ師һ䡮ɽҿԡˬ죡
৵Ĵȣ΢Цڼң·ٵһѺ֡
ڿɫ˲˴һЦ壬αǷϻֱɱǣ
̫زĳѾǻᣬԼ
ڿЦ֣ΪΪƽ˵ǲɶõĶ֣
˴ϲ̴ܳڵҶȥԪͷγɰΧתγһУЦһҵĴ콣ˣ
Ǵ콣ֽ߾磬ܹ뷢ն⽴
ڵʵԶԶһٽ뷢Ѿļޡ
ΪҵĽ꣬ӦøоˣΪҳֺܿ졭
δ˵ڣڵֻӰζҶȻվǰԪתʱָݣݴ̽סĲһš
ֻһ죬ڵ֣Լƨɣ


74 ս
ĳ֣һ죬ÿ塭
ڵǰԽԽڣ¥ѾʼɢûĿƣͷİ˷ʮֱӴҶϣȴûиҶ˿˺ͳͳײ÷飡
ڼҵĴ󲿶ѾԶһ֣սپҶ񿪿ڱȣͷ¥գڿѹ£
ٱ˷Ѱ
촽ֳַ͵һڵĲӣգۼ佫˸ɣ
ȴȥԸڵ壬ڵûгֵĻᣬ㱻ֲģ޷ִ벱ӣֻһΪѪко
ֻǿľʺ죬Եù֣
һ治ڼλӵܱɥֻû׷ڵ¾÷ˮ
ڿ㷢Ҷ뷽ֱƥɱУһб㽫ڵڵ˴ɱʵҲԮ
ôҲû뵽˾ȻݵλţСΪȻߣʵȴͬȼʿĪ
ҶһˣԪڵʦƽӲӲ
Ҷ¥Ѿͷ۵һ¥𶯣һɫڿȥԪͻࣵı죡

ڿ־ŭһeױһ𣬷תնȥ
ױȻģ֣ȴɵı
ڽԪ֮ǰһЅeе׷хeױ׷עУʵᷢӵ޶ȣԽսնɱΪԼҪĶ֣
ڼӵѾˣڵ¾ڶԷУˣҲе
ͬʱɫ£Ԫһң˫Ȳɽʯ֮Уɳąeױй켣ҲЩȣԿƣ
һ﾿ʲôͷ
ڿ֣˵һڶ¥֮ϣʱҶԪԪɢ¥ܴҶȥ
ʲôˣɱڼӵܣͳͳҪᣡ
ڿһҶ¥ƅeױͼնڵ£
˫һ񣬷˫ʱһƲڵ¾ݵһڿذ׺ݺȥ
ķ˫Ȼûжٹٶȣν׷һ֣ٶڿҲӦֻ΢΢һʹкģ
ڿԪʱеذ׶ʱصһը÷飬ҲըѪ죬ɶ
ж
ڿֻһԸУ΢ʩչѾõ׷eУ׷ģͼն
ͬʱԾϰգֱ׷ĵٶȣȥ
ˣ
ļæ¥eԪ֮ϣʱһԪƽƽп
ԪԵֵĵõϢᣬæ˫𶯣eϮɱ֮زز
ڿѾ£ȥ·ĵٶ̫죬ת򣬱ƷУʱѪʮ⣡
Ҷ¶֪
ڿɱڣeױ׷ȥıԵķΧԽԽԪҲ޷ѹסأжŭͼȽɵĴնڵ£

Ҷᵶǰͷeױײһ𣬶ʱԪĽһССĢƣӹȵȽȽ
ڼҵСʿѪ̫ûҵѪħԪԱ
Ѿûһڼʿڵ¾ɵ౹ֽУӵڿȥЦݣЦΪҵΪһ¥ﵽԪƷƷ
ڿԷѪħԪ֮ĺҶȥֻδ̵ϣ㱻ȵԪը÷飬֮Ĳ̫󣬾ѹƼΪԣѪħԪҲ޷ƿԪ
˫Լ
ѩ׵·𣬷ڳ嵽ڿǰͷᣬһѳԼ׵ľ޴ѩ£
Ķ
ڿЦƱҶ˫ԼץȥͻȻдһҽУĴֲû˫Լ飬ϣ
ײʽ
ҶʱʹԾŻĳײʽֻͻȻֿ̺ݺײڿؿڣڿƺһŲһ£漴סΣ¶֮ɫ
СӣȻܹˣնһֻ֣
ʲô
ڿֻԽԽ飬ɢűɫһߵˣѽҩҿһȫʬ
һȫʬ
ĨȥǵѪٺЦڼϸ磬ֻԼȫʬҲסذͿĨģϽ
ڿɫ䣬ϵ֮ңʿҲ޷ֵƲ󣬵ѾѪ֮УٲΣֻ¾ͻˣ
ܹһűܶǰǸʿֻʿȴڼڸ߲㣬ܹܲȣ
ڿŭڣһeױµתתХ򷽳ȥ
ֳʮe⣬ÿһ֮ΧѸתи
æȰһһߡ
ڿХڼҴ󲿶׷ȥԶԶұƳˣǸӣǧҪˣΪӻҪʮͳͳ
Ĵ˸սæеߵСӻ֣ʮҪָ


75 ʬ߹
Ҷֳֹͷڿ׷ȥٵǱ׷ڼҵĶ飬ֻ·һ
һݣ֪ҶԲһڿǽ߾ȫҲδܽ£ڼĵУ϶бڿ
ڼҵĴɱֻߵĻҲûУ
Ц֣ٶ죬׷ȥס
ŭСҪһ׷ȥǰԴ͹ȥȣҲ˶٣绹ȥס
㬲ȷͬһ㣬ѪħԪΪǳ޷ƿڿԪԸͬȼʿȻһɱԸԪԪڵĸֱԳ㡣
׷ڿҲֻ޲ߡ
ͬʱҶֻͣǰ󲽳ɱڡ
вɰ̾һٱһ֪ôģԪڵʿҲܱˣһֱһͷּޣϧٶ̫
ʵҶٶȲʿ˵Ĳһ߰ԶҲǼĹ
ĺͷ˵ٶȱԵࡣ
ҶĳҲΪԣֺͣԪڵʿӲӲֱһõˣ
ĹҲǷĶϬƥֶΰٳһɫɱУ
ԣĸҿ϶һһнԼɱ
ȻмΪʣҲòϣҶʵȷ࣡
ڿļ٣ȫ׷ڼҵĶ飬죬ѾѪҺĸ֪
Ȼ߾ȫٶȴԾ࣬ܿ챻
ڼҵϸߣ
ҶЦСһ̣
Ѿڿ״ЩԾȻڲϵĸʴ塣
ڿһԲĺѾʼð̵Ị̇ȴ㱲ǰͳ塣
ͻȻ˷·û˹ͷһ㣬ԽԽջһ̲ӿе䣬˿ƵąeױǰٳȥɳʮףȻ󶣵һɽ֮Уֻ¶һβͣ
Ҷ˼æͣ½ŲһۣԷеĺȻ֮ɫ
ĶԣǵֻذͿĨһ㣬һԪڸ֣
֮ͨ󣬱ѾжвǣΪʿ֮󣬿׼һо綾ʲô׶ϳݣԵɷԣ̸ЦѶرƳ⣡
û뵽ǣȻܶһԪ֣Ȳ˵Ǵûջ񣬵ЩֵƣõõĻЧѷױױ
ȿȣС޷ģֹӵҪһЩ˻һЩáҶ񵱼ɽȥɿЦ
ȴ˼㣬ҿսĻöٹʵܷܽҵʿͳͳ
תתȥҲߵɽ±ߣٺЦӻǮִţһֱĶ죬ҲҪժһЩСɵйǲˡ
о˸΢ЦĳȻСңֶ˭ӶࣿȻҲֲժٹʵ
˶һۣ¶֮ɫȻ뵽һȥˣֺľ綾Ըҵʿ
ٱ䣬ҷͶ飬ӦɣӶȣɣͷȴðϸܵĺ飬΢Ц
Ȼ
ҶĨȥͷĺ飬ګګЦֿ϶Ҳôɣ
СΪĳȻǲмһˡ
ԼɼĹ¥УģЦ˲ܷģ㳤ñ޳ܣп飡Ҷ֣ǲָˣ
ŭӵĳ࣬ĵ㱰޳ˣҸҶ췢ģ飬ұһ
۽ǼаǷҵͳͳ֮ǵķͷѧУҲûʲô˵ġ˵ٱСҲûӻǿˡ
ˣ˶˵һ䡣
ҶæϣЦǻǸϽӥıȫڼҵ˶ߡ
һҶĿⲻƣĵղžժ࣬ڻװˣ
ڿûֻһхeױױűֻӦ׷ܲݣҶô
ױҲۣױļֵȴԲܴͣ׿лȡһķ׷
ĽڿױڵϸϸͿĨһЦӻûбױңջѡһ
ҪСһЩױѿƣǧҪԼ֣䳰ȷ
ЦӵȷҪСһЩǲٿزѩ׵Сƨƨ
һǶǶ֣ҶѾϰΪεҡҡͷǰȥ
˿̣ڼҵĿĶѾӥʮûκξ֣Ҳ֡
һڼʿЦܹܣӥҲʲôյأЩٺһЩգҿҲϡƽ
һɻ͵ǣôûлСô֣
ڿԪ΢ЦֵڡǿСӵ֣ĥǣ˱סŲӥȻΪյأ϶Σ֮вɵģ
˵ţӥխϪʯһЩ֪ĹľɫĢ
ЩľְֵĢó棬Լһ˶ߣݷһŴɡǷ
ЩɫĢӵţɡɫʰ쵣ϸܵСףʱʱࣵ죬ϸ΢ӣϪϷγһƬɫһͬ
СģЩӦʬ߹ңֻҪִ߹ް
ڿԪʬ߹ʬ֮ϣÿһĢ±һʬ壬ʬ
˷ۿȥֻ˵صʬ߹ȺƬ߰˰꣬вɺȻ
ڿԪû˵߰˰پʬ壡
зëһڼʿܹܣʲô˾Ȼڴ˵ɱ߰˰ˣֲ̫˰ɣ


76 ͷ
Ҷ׷ڼʿĽŲûпԶԶעڼʿĶ
ֻǰһƬƬһ˶ߵɫĢݷһŴɡǷӥУסȥ·
ЩɫĢӵţɡϲϸܵСףž죬ϸ΢ӣĢϿγһƬɫ
ӥĶǹŹ֣ĢҲô󣬿϶ɿڡһţؼܳԺü졣Ц
۾ϸɻ·ʬ߹Ģ˵˵ǴʬĶÿһĢ±һʬ塣ʬ߹ϼͬѵǱ֣θڵĻԡ
Ĵ˸սæĢͷ
ҶЦڼҵ̽·ûΣգȻٱ¡
˵վһϣԶԶۿ
ڿԪ϶ʬ߹һĢУᣬֻһ˱ǶתԪֻͨްƬ޶ҸңҪһСģ
ڼʿһǰһĢ֣ӥȥ
½ܣĲôȴǰһЩһ·͵˲ٺöһʿȤǰӣЦ
ڵ½ܻͷһۣЦĲӱһ֣Ǵ粻Ц磬˴˱˴ˣ
ĪЦҵĲôһ֣Ц
Ա߼ڼʿæͣ½ŲĲӣɫ졣
ĲӣȻȸղŴһȦ
ڸҲоæʵǿʲôҵĲôˣ
˵֮䣬ĲѾúԴһϸһڲϱֹ֣ǣɫѪܶ͹ֳԵÿֲ֣
ô£ҵĲҲˣģҲǣ
ѵжˣܹܲ˵ֻҪʬ߹㲻жô
ã϶ɫж

ڼҵʿһţڵ½ڸĲӳ״˵ĲҲڷ֣·ֻεֿǵĺƴһ㣡
ڿԪĲӣҲһԺ
ЩĢж
ڿԪһȡһöɫҩ̷ȥ漴ס֣ҩߵһʮˣǱܶɽٶϿȥ
ĶӣڵҲִǣԵأ
ڿԪȻһЦ㶾κβң
ڵܶ¡
ڿԪ±ܶԷģŵҩڼҼͣΪֻһöֻҪ£κζضᱻų⣬νǰٶ֡
Ƭ̹ڼʿѾִ˵ɫǺ졣
ڸĲִǣ˫סԼĲӣзҰް˻
ֻĲӻͣԽԽݷ￨סһ޴Ģ
ͻȻһڸͷӲϵ䣬ԭԴĵطһɫĢɡ
ţһָͷϸĸٴࣼѣȫѪⱻĢ⣬ֻʣһƤĢ棬˵Ĺ죡
һԪƷʿգ۹ĢŵԴһɫĢ漴ڿԪҲδδг˿־壬ǿ־壡
飡飡飡
ǼڼʿԴӲŵôӲ䣬ĢѿǵѪ⣬һ˵ԴûеڵأǱĢɡ룬ɵùԲ¶ޱȿֲ֮ɫ
ԶҶ񿴵ڼʿԴһſűһɫֳ漫ΪѪ𺳣Ҳ̲סһļ£
Ȼʬ߹ı֣ѵ˵Ǵ˵еͷ
૵ͷúأû뵽ȻһƬ־ûжأȴǿĿ£ֻҪܱ棬ѿѸٴڳӪȻɡǽӳű
ϧЩ˱ҵ֣Ȼͷͳͳˣź
оֹѾԽԽһħó
Ҷ֮˼ͻȻЦڼҵʿȫûҲãûǵǵ԰Ȼͨ
۾һЦȷˡֻҪ¥ſԪ֣㲻ͷӣͨƬĢ򵥲ƬĢֻѾŪ˲ʿǵĶӦҲв٣ͳͳҪˣ
ڼҵʿһжڿԪ֮ڵҲһɫĢܶȷɽٶͷӸǶأȻ޶ɽ⣬Ҳ㲻űӵˣ
ôô
ڼҵܹڿԪۿŶӱһĢ̬񣬴˿ֻһδȴۺԪеľѹ
еľڲͣԪȻѹסƣ
ˣǶ
ͻȻ뵽ؼ֮תԪԪѾΪ滯Ԫļ󣬽Ԫȼգʱðܻ档
ⲻͨĻ棬Ԫһ㽫еͷճɻҽ
ڿԪǰȥӳĢ֡
ӳȥǸڼʿǸ˲ĸ֡
ҶҲע⵽ڿԪһݣԪֻһΪѾﵽԪƷ۷壬澳Ԫˣ
뷽ҲɫأǴĢ֣ƱػٴڿԪͻ
ٱǻĢ֣ʵ
֪䣬뷽ѾΨҶհԼҲûע⵽
ҶǺЦǵȻҪȥһλΪ̽·ֺȥ


77 嶾
˵¸£¥Ԫ֣Ģ֮УֻĢеɢͷǣеĸɴƤ⣬еȴ˲֪ãĿġ
вױɢڵϣԶѱʴһ飬á
Ҷ͡ױʮǰ̽ӥҲꡭ
վһͷ·һĬĬؿ¶һ˿˸С
ҶעһƬĢ֣Ҳпǧ
ĲܼҵʿҶҷҵʿǷǰģȴ֪һ޴ľ
м˶ûʵʩչҲԪֻ֣˲ʵԽƬĢ֡
ûһܹӥŻȥ
ӥѾ˲֪ӢܣȴҪдͨ
λ֣ǰƬͷȥŶˣҶ
̶֣ͷͷȻޱΣգԪֻ壬޷룬ȻҲ޺
Ѽ˼ױǰӥ̽յʿ
ЩʿӦûм꣬ױδʴɹ
ֻǰȡʣױҶС
ȵԼҶԶȡһ
ӥģȷϣջΪˣ
ױЧȻȲױҲǺܶ࣬
׻ҵʿУֻЩҪʸױͨʿֻ۵ķݶ
ôûױӣЩΪź
ҶЦһױǻһ׷ЩױװݣЩ̰ˡ
ȻһЦЩױԶԶҵĿǣѼױȻͳͳһױ
еͷͳͳʱһһ˶ߵĶڳǰдĵ⡣
ɽͱڵұߣ걻ͷڣδ˷֣ͷͳͳȥؼա
ڵʯдżϵ׭֣Ҷϸϸȥȴ嶾ĸּ֣Щ䣬ȻѾķá
ѵסӥ
о֣Ȼδ̽ӥķ֮һ˵صѾ˲սסô˵Ϊֻ±ҵļҪֲ֣
ٱǼȻˣȥ˵дջ񣡡˷֣
Ҷͷһ嶾ֻ治ȴΪྻνǱж졣
ϷһЩʯ飬ӦȻĶѨ֪˭ԼΣԼס
ԣǶ˶ҹ飬ԣɢ͵⣬ÿһŶȭͷСжʮţ
ÿҹģӡһ㣬ֹͷȻɾֻС춤Ӱݣɫۡ
һ͵ĶһǴӵз
֪꣬Щ㾫Ȼûŵҹȥ
˼ʶ㣬Ҳôˡ
ЩҹÿŶӡһŵ㾫Ϩ𣬼ֵ޷󣬼ңҲӵȵĲ
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ݳޣ̫ݳˣ
Ҷҡͷ̾Ϣժһҹ飬Լ¥Уһ˵ģݳ޾˷ѰСܰЩɥ־ĶȥһƬȷѪꡣ
գۼ䣬öҹ顣
Ķһۣæҹ鱼ȥЦصôҶһ˿ǰæֵһ
ǣٱСܵΣӼʵԶ࿸һЩ
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ЦС֣ժ࣬÷ǼҾֲ㹫ƽ
о˸ͷͬߵҵѪħԪ󷨣һԩ꣡
ҶܣһЦµĶ;³ռ䲻ķ˫ֻ²ʹɣ֣ѪħԪֵм
е׹һͣܿȥֵιȻʺʵķӣҶֵܹӳʮֵʵ
λ֣̰ԭﰡҶȰ˵
ٱ˵仰ʱ򣬾ûһ졢ھΣ
̵ֵģСӱһҪ̰
Ҳֵֻܷط֣һҲҶ񣬷пܻᱻ
˸Ծһҹ飬ǰȥ
֪һ֮أӳıһΪСɵĹŶ˫㣬ͨ嵤죬֪ʲôľ죬ɢһŨҵ
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ߣɢżģԼһöƿ
Ǽɽ˿֯ɵֽţܹʱ䲻
̽ݹǴ֣ǰһ֣ҶϸϸȥдȴǣԪ̥δɣԪѾκκΣ͸¶Ӣ۳ĺ޾ıͲʡ
ҶҿԪҲûɣ嶾˾ȻԪ̥ȴҶؿеؾ󽫻Ҫ֪ٱ֡
ģͷһǵСᦣͨںڣֻСһֻֻߣ໥ƴɱ쳣ݷһأ
Сɢһɹɿֲܣڿ
ױ
Ҷоһʧ漴һͲסɱԵСӣ


78 ˲Ƹ
Ҳͬʱע⵽Сᦣ˶һۣʱɱ
ͻȻֳѪħԪֻ꣬裬ֺȻץױ
¶Ц˹ȡһöױĵͿĨ綾
ͬʱҲչ˫ᣬһץסeһץס׹
ȻҶ񶯵ͬͷɵˣ̱
λ֣̰ԭﰡ
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢȡͷεοأѵҪɱ
̵ģʲôƨԭ
Цᦣ϶ױҵҲҪһ
ǺЦ̾ϢҶ֣ױļֵɹһױҷұڶһλ澳ԪڵĴ֣ܲ÷ĳĶɱЩҹȻ󣬵ϾֻûжʵüֵĳױĳǷɣ
ҶĬȻƬ̣ͻȻչһЦʵСҲɵǣĲƸ
촽Ц嶾ռҪ࣬ӺСʵԳ׷ӣٱм䣬ǿһǵױ϶Ϳо綾˵ɥ
Ҷüͷǵױ֮϶ͿĨ˾綾һƤһغ
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Ķ֣˿϶ȶԸ
΢ЦҶֱҲԸ·ˡ
ŭһСʵȻǿôһӵٶԶ죬ͱһǿ԰õģ
˴۵Сۣ˵ȴ˭ҲҶ֡
Ҳûаգܹ˵ջͬھ³
ҶױЦλ֣̤ӥ֮ǰ˵Ҫͬ飬Ϻӥֻ̽ķ֮һǱҪɱô
˿ҲױЦȻˣǻǰմǰԼĶһ£ȡ裬Σ
ĬĬҲױɢȥѪħԪ󷨡
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˷Ǽģųһ̲סɱ⣡
⼸һϵС嶾һħ뷽ѪħԪƣ׷ķһ壬ȴԶԶʤѪħԪ󷨣Ⱦϣ
ŹɼּĶƳ棬ԪڹƳ֮УѹƳױױĴڣɱˣ
嶾ĴѼױΪͼĹƳҲԿױ
ƷĹƳ棬Խױױ˿ѷ
Ƴɱ֮󣬻ɶԷѪΪ
һѪħԪƣȴӼ˵ĹҪѪƳ棬ѪΪ
ΪؼǣݹƳżͣԪʿҲɱУʤ׷
лķţһ־Ưͷᦣаٶᦣʹþּƶɵױ
ƲϺ͹ϸУֻҪ㹻ĲϺΪ԰Ͱһµİٶᦣ
һţһľױ
ױƳȻûʲôһ߶Խ˷ĶԴԴԶ붦УɱΪƳ棬嶾ıر֮
һַţһϱµķױϱ´ϣ޾׷ױϮ֮ǿĿ
ױ
Ҷ˶һۣԷеĴ뾪ϲĻз
ԭΪֻױȴû뵽ϴӣǸ۵ľȻҲױ
Ҷһֽͳͳɵռױĳ嶯ֺγˣ
ݹݣױʮͳͳ׻ҵУлҪҶ[еĸٹᦡ
嶾Уױͬһ׻ҵղأ
ҵļֻҲ̲סɱˣ
ǻЩǣѾضˡ
ھĲ֣˱ûзϣǷһȴȻĶ
嶾еڲͬѰǲɼмصļȴ辶Զɱּޣȡ侫꣬öศƳ޻
޻Ϊصĵطʿ̱֮üǿᣬǻΪޣ޵
޻ȱǣֵҩҪӦ޾꣬ɱʵԽǿ޵ҲԽǿ֮Ȼ
ԣһ¯ϣƳֻһʵĵҩҲпܷ
ɱһͷ澳ԪڵĴƳ޻̷ȥ˵̱ӵлԪڵʵӣ㽵
ЦʵɱԪڵĴֵҩҲûжô
ûзĻ䲻ȷе
Ҷƿһ˱Ƕƿ۴Сĵҩƿ׹ȥͬ
ҩģֻöҩ͸ɫ죬̬Ҳ졣
һöɫҩƺˮһͷëԳˮˣһɹ˻
ͷԳʱʱȭͷҩڱڣǱ꣬ƺҪƱڶ
һöҩɫܻ棬Ϊ֣вʱһУֻһֻɫڻзȥ
ŵҩʱʱƺҪƿնȥ
һöҩɫһͷǴ̣ǣ㳤ָףͬһڵҩֱߣöҩƵõת
ö޻бıȥѰĵҩȻͬ
Ҷ޻𣬵ö޻вÿһö嶾ļֵһױٶᦡľϱһ𣬹ļױλûɣ


79 ζ
ĵͷͬ⣬嶾ԳϵֵߣԳΪһҵĴѧȷױС
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Ҷ΢ЦôСܿԴЩУѡһ
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ڴʱڿԪĲҽűϢȻλ澳ĸ̶ʱ֮ڣ㲻֪ʲôɵ
ֱֹŲ
Ц֣ȷԴչ۷磬СӺСҶڴˣڴɵڼҸֵǸһ
ĸЦҪ˵ͻȻһС˵ȻһԱܵӥȻû漣
ĸ˵ڱӣζˣ
ŭһ䣬ͷȥæԴЦүүôˣ
ҶͷȥֻҶ˼߲Ǹһæ
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ǻܼҵļ壬Ȼ˹ģƢȴǳı꣬ԲȻŭȵǰԳӣζˣ


80 ׷ͨ
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Ҷ˼ϸƬ̣¶֮ɫܲ˶ֵ˴βˣ澳һҲͳͳˣֻǽŲ죬ȵѡ
ҶиͷȥֻӥڴһɹԪ𣬽ԪγһһۿɼУ
Ҷ˴ֻһ׷׵̶۾ʱֱˣҶ̴Ҷ죬ñչشױĶҶҲˣ
ҲǼЩչѾãײ¶Ϲ˿ͳͳأ
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ʧôܣҵĿɽݿĿɽԶǧ֮ңʮɽôһҹ֮ͳͳݽߣ
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Ҷ˼ЦֱִʣһóֻݡݡԽݡȪ׻֣ҲֲظֻѰµĿǳ·
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ݵʿУΪߵˣҶҵĿ棬λ棬ҲûԪؾĴ󽫻Ҫѷɫ֡
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ҶǰҶҡܼҡҵһ֣ЩľӢƽｾͷһݶҪǵĽȴȫȻɡ
Ҳɷһɿɬ֮ܣԭǶǾ֮ܡ
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⼸ֻɽÿһ̽ᾴ֣һʯ֮Уʯץһ󶴣ʯĽ
ץסɽʯ΢΢㽫ɽʯɷĩڱǱһᣬ漴һ
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Ҷ˼˿ǺЦӥĿĲ٣Ǵˡ
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ֵĺдĻ꣬żֳһƬͬһٶȿĿԲ׽
ѵղŸɵڼҸֵģ֮еĹҶĵ
Ҷ˼˵ԶԶ֮ϣĿ͸ñæͣ½ŲɽٻأԵ֮
λϸ硢ǰǿˣçӡ𣡡
Ҷ˼ͷͻȻֳһöӡһֻѪɫçӡͬţһСĴۣһţľ죬Ұ
çſڷһǰ̳һ㣬ױУӥʱ
ֻǰһ߷ߣĹɽм䣬峤ףÿʮױһԳ򣬹оŶ֮ࡣ
ͷ죬ſԪ̽ľ죡
ʱͱϵҲñֱʱ򣬱һɿ磬Ͽմȥ


81 ߹黯
ߣһֿľһʧ
ɢżΪŨ۾ӥ·һɽκҲͨ
Ϲ֣ȻμΪѣѰľּ޻ҪѰٱûлεߣҲԶԶǶ֣
ҶܹоһɾЩһ֮ӣһϹ߳ӥζǴͨӥûпܡ
Ϲ֣Դʱ־ǵضɽҡβһɨܽһɽɨϣܿܣ
ǿдͨӥߴ֣ҵһֻ֣һҪ
Ҷ˼ȴͻȻ˿ӢΪƣβ¶һ
ͻȻСһƬмݣգۼӳ׵ȻһƬֻʮ״СԪ֮ͬһºڿУɢâԣ
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˲˴૵ղߣȻߣӥ׷׷ôܻ˱棬Ҳۣ
ҲΪ죬֪Ҷ˼˵ġӢǸӢǡӥ
Ҷϵܣּˣ
ӥͷӿԣʯ͸ǿЦ겻ΪǽСĳҲԴһĳұķڴбһߣĳ׷һʱ䣬ڽ߹黯ɣ
ҶӥĿ壬˾ȻΪһ׷׷ߣҪ֪Ϲ֣һԿţֻλӥҲߣ
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Ҷ˼ɫ΢䣬æǰȵӥҪˣ
Ĵ˴ƷǳҪ׽ҶأҶزôҶ˼ǰһҪӵӡ⣡
ͻȻȴӥЦһ˫һչʮ״С𶯣ʱӥֲָ
ĳԭ֪ĸҶأ֪ˣ
ĶߴӥԼһһӥХ־ޣԼȻһΣ
δü㱻һ˫צץס˫磬ɼڿնۿʱѾ׸߿ա
̵ģӱҶ˼ϻ쵰ˡȻ
Ҷ˼һʱһɨգͷöçӡԽԵùӣɭɭѪתçĿкżԼһƬѪȴӥʱӡˣ
ɫ࣬ŭҶ˼ʲô˼
ϸ԰ꡣ
Ҷ˼ǺһЦŲգһȥӥңңԣ΢ЦӥҳѾҵӡˣв㣬λܼС£ˡȻӥ֮أ
ӥɫ΢䣬ЦɱңҾ
㣬ֲҶӡҶ˼һЦ
̵ģҾ֪ǣ˳ֳ󣬸һ㶼񡭡
ӥĶ£֣չȥҶϵܣĳˣӥøˣ㿴ӥĶɱŵƨ


82 ֮
ĴӸ߿յ䣬ŵ۴УæסŭߵҶģʹɲģղΪʲôҶҵСն÷ҵСҲνƫƫܼҵĸαһҵû꣡
ŭĿӣæ󣬵ԺܼҼҶҸ㶼ҪССģ˶ʲô񡭡
ҶҶ˼֡
Ϊľګһ֪ͨû뵽˿ȴΪ֪һ棬̸Ц磬ӥֻԪڵĴŪڹ֮䡣
ȴҲѹ֣׻ҵļûһЩ˵ֶΡ
׻ҵĸ̸ЦǿС
Ҷ˼Цϸ粻ضŭСڵͦ˴ֱӥƴֻܳҲҪˡܹ˱㽫ߣѾǴˡ
һ֪˵Ĳӥ澳ԪڵĴȥ磬Ķ֣˼
Ҷ˼ĵնҶͷĵױӲˬ
ɿղλӥʱ˵ӥ滹жܰŵƨҵȥʶʶʲô
ЦҲʶһ
Ҷ˼Ŀ˿ͻƵ澳Ԫڣûе֣׻ܾӥЩ΢ЦȻˣôһȥһӥĺ棬кιŹ֣
Ҷ䵽󷽣˶ҵ֮ӣҶ˼˸ա
Ĵ˿Щ˪ӣɰͰ͵޾ɣҶοֲؾɥҵļĸǳǸֱһҲ
Цϱ»壬Ѿ޵ˣȫӥҶ˼
ŭĿӣֵӵӴ󣬻ǣŵˣ
˵˵ЦЦǰȥ
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ǰȻ˴ѣͬʱҲǵˣʱ޿̲ŸɵԷȴԷ̸Ц֮䲻ٶʲô˼
ӥ뿪֮ӥָƽ˾һ·ľּ޲࣬ǰ濪·һֱӳֲ
ǿݣֻҪӥĴҶ˼˱֡
ͨӥϵ˳֪УѾ߳ʮأɽѰǡ
˽нԶӥľͷ
Ҷаӥ澿ʲôӥǿĴҲη岻ѣ
ҲΪ棬Ϊһӥ˵ģܽҶ˼ҲŵƨĶ
Ҷ˼ͷΪߣӥ
ֻӥľͷѾûȥ·ǰ߱׹䵽ǧɵ֮С
վڵλãһƬΪ⻬ͱڣ·ǧԨ
γӥĴɽ·ͻȻϿõɽжϣȻȡɽ͵һ롣
Ҷ˼ǰȥ̬ʱֻͣɽ죬˶û˵
Ҷ̴ɻæҲǰȥǰľһ˵ͳͳĬľһʧǵӡ
Ҷк֣ߵӥľͷۿȥֻǰޱȿ·ȹ״ͬһ«
վڵĵطǡǡͬ«첿ӥ·һö޴޷ĺ«
νӥԼǰƬ«״ɽȣѵһ«״ױӲҳģ
Ҷ񲻽Ҳ˴ģôױжжǿ
̧ۼǰȥֻڸңԶĵطһΰɽͦʣΧǺѹѹһƬݺ
ɽţͷм䣬ɽϻɽ壬ͺͺͬţǣֱͦʣǧɣ⣬ƻֺꡣ
ţͷɽ壬Ǵ˵оȣݴͷ­뷲仯ɽ
ţ״ɽм䣬һΰ޳ǣҾ޴¥ƯڿУͣھ޳Χÿһ¥Աߣ˩Űƥۣ˫ᡣ
Ѫ̬Ϊ޳ףʮף˫չԼжʮ׳̣Ǻ֡
һҾ޴ɰƥţԶʻȥԶԶ˷
Щ޴¥Ȼױ
޳еǣӦڰɽеһޱӴħɣ
󣬴ҶĲױȵӾĻϵ𺳣
׻ЩԴԶĴ˵񻰣ڻչֳ׳һǣǰ񻰣һӱޱʻǴ˵ʵѪ⣡
ã˿૵֮ܣԭǶǾ֮ܡ
Ҷ˼ĬĬûΪѵ
һҲо׻ҵͷ˵ȥöôĵЦĴǰν׻ͳͳϣ
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塢ĬĬͷתȥ
ӥ˵ûӥĶȷǴƨе׳־ɣǴǰΪġƴȡģԭڱжֻǸЦ
ڰɽĵǸ޴ħǰν׻ңνħһˣһжô׿Ц
Ҫɣ֮֡а
Ҷͷ޳һۣĿ⸴֡
ҵ۽̫խ̫խˣݼõĳɾҲʹﵽֲΡֻ֮ܣǸھˡ


83 뿪
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ҶæĽŲȴҶ˼²ͣԽڸҶصķȥ
δ߽Ҷ˵ȴһŮϦڷ֣ѧԸǧȡ껶ᣬӦ쳤
תͨɵҶҲеŨŨ⡣
ҶصӷڴƳ޵һ䡮ȡ껶ᣬӦ쳤ݼãΪԸѧǹ֮࣬˫˫ɣ쳤ϧҵ̣Դһ벻ͬĻ¡췹ӱǰҲϡ
˶֮ȡҶ˼һ
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Ҷ˼һǰôֳ֪£ˣɣҿ˭ҵŮ
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Ҷ˼ϸϸȻ򣬵ԭǷҵĶŮҶأ㵨ӵǱ֪Ĺȣ
ҶضͷЦѡ
Ҷ˼ȻѾֳ£㲻ܲ˼һ֣ձ׼Ƹһȥס
Ҷ־ϲԼˣæ裬Цлȫ
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ҶƬ̣Ҷ˼۾ضٱ˭ԸҶҵθ
Ҷ΢΢һҶضһۣҡͷؽ㣬Ǹ֮ţȴܲرĲϡ
Ȼˡ
Ҷ˼ͷӥұ겻ᣬѾҪ뿪Ҷ˰գ
Ҷͷǣȥ翴
ȥҲá
Ҷ˼ЦҲҶҾٹұ뿪ҶķѰͻƣԪ⸮ѡ綨ȻҲҪţôְֻ֮ܽ㲻Ĵ硣
˶٣ҶأĿ⽥ȵֻȢҵŮĵλȹ̣뿪֮ЩֵܶλӣܼҸɣ㻹Ҫңȥܼף˵СŮ磬󷽣ȥܼңҲ
Ҷصɫʱֻϲݼһˣ
ɲ㣡
Ҷ˼ȻȢҲȢȢҲȢ
Ҷ͵͵Ĩ˰亹ңƴǵ֮λֻ´˿ҲҪҶ˼¡
ҵŮҲˣܼҵŮҲҶ࿴һۡ
ĵǸ׳ܵǣҶ㲻òҶرʾͬ顣
磬ɩСȹϲˡҶ˼ߺҶǰЦ
ҶصһۣͻȻչЦٱȢһôҲֵܣӦǲǡ
ܼҵŮСܿܲ𣡡ҶЦæ֮زز
գҶ˼ȻҶأ׼˷Ƹȥҡܼס
ӥһ£ܡҶݵ˼Ҳ˲٣Ҷ˼ʳҶǰף͸¶ԹͷȻܾ㽫Ӧ¹š
ٱ㲻Ϊֳ֮ߣҶؽҶ͵ݳ⣬ʵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦʱұȻǰΪϲ
Ҷ˼ҲǶȡһöСϻݵһݣҰ˵˼ð
Ҷϻ𣬵һȥݣ渮ݻ
Ҷ˼ЦͷһԵĿһۣҪ˵Ҷ˼һɣæǣһƥָݵүĳ޳ƥɲԱ͸ˣү
Ҷ֪ɲĻ֣ٶȼ죬һһæлӹһ̽סУЦ硢ȥˣ˵գȥ
ĿԶ룬ͻȻղеĪǾүö鵤ͻֻǰ;ء
Ҷ˼ٱȻʲǷȱĥ
Ͳ°ĥˣ︹̵


84 Ѳ
ҶУɲԷſȽţ磬ֻ·Եľһζ̧ͷүҪȥ
Ҳǵһ뿪ݣ缫ΪİһƬãȻ
ֱӱϣȥɸиҶȻ֪ǸɽЦ
Ƭ̣ɲڱϹٵҶסֻٵͣƥĺͷϡ
ӺС֪ﾭѾʱˣ
ļüŪۣٺЦٱʲôĵ飬˵ôҿһ¡
Ҷ΢΢һ֪ӥо޳ǶҲΪ𺳣Ҳ뿪Ĵ֮ģ΢ЦĪַʲôĵ飿
ĺͷɫʱüչ
ûɵȷһôĵ顣˵ҲῪĵȥ
Ҷʲô飿
Ǳĳס飡
·ԵɽдһЦһλӥͷĹ˻߳סҶЦҶҶٱĳѾʱˣ
ҶҶٱ
Ҷ˴æ⣺ӥҵȷٱҶأҶҴ磡
Ҷֻ֣ҲЩô˰ɣĳգգ۾ǺЦ
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Ҷ뷽ŭĿӣʼ磬ӶһֽѲĸо
λӥҼүĲҶءϣҶ
СѾͷڻĳҵô
ӥЦֵǰѾȥһݣûҵҶӥɣҶ[ǻ쵰֪ȥȻҶ˼˰ҶӣĳұĶӣ꣡СӣһҲܵ
ĴʧɫæеӥȻѾץҶأǰƨǰɣ
ϻ˵ߣĳҲȳ
ӥûɱ⣬ֻǰƱ˻ԼĶӥɣҶ˭֪ʲôʱͻ˺Ʊ
ӥ򶫱ȥҶк棬ӥȥ
ȥԽݣһ˸Ҷ˼ţѰҶ[Ҷǡ
Խݡ
뷽ɫʱѿ֣ǰںԽҵʿҵλү͵ϮǣǵС
˴ǰԽݣֻ²ô졣
ҶһԲתǶǣԴԴ£ӿڣԪ
ԭѾԪƷ۷壬ֻһűԪƷ˿ǣֻ̫Ԫޱʮ֣Ӳǣ壬Ϊ
Ƭ̣еԪﵽԲأȻ𶯣ĵӲſʮ࣡
ӥ棬ɻСӣʲ̶ʱܿԪƷ˵ôôĿǰľ磿
ҶᣬͬʱתתԪеԪٴΪ֮һ䣬ӰɫɫԪǣȫꡣ
һӥҼүĲҶء
ӥףŭСѾͷ㻹һĳҵ̣Ųĳҳ㣡
ͷ۾ͻȻһë۵ӥëƯ
СѾͷЩ۹ģԴĳԪ֮󣬱ëΪϧÿԪϴԲŻ˹ˡĳҵЩëӲ̶Ѿױ׷ϣҲκκۼ
ӥΪԵãǵĹ۸к࣬ੲݵʵƯëǳ򣬶ͷë㿴
ֻֻӥͷˣԴͻȻһСëɫͬһѴ򿪵ӣһ΢΢ζ
¶ʣ̾ĺƯ
аëһӡţñװҲܲ
ӥ󣬶ĺøмЦ۹ⲻҲϲĳˣȳӺǸССӷ󡣡
Ϊʲôȳǣ
ŭĿӣ˻벻⣬ЦΪֲͣĳңֵϱҪۿۣȳȳĸǵΪ߳ݾڱУĳҵ泦θ
ĬĬһۣ̾˿֪˵ĲƫƧ֮أпɳۣ磬ʿһץһѡ
˵ҲʼԪûΪ
ӥֿ˿Ҷһ૵СӸղٶô죬ôͻȻ
ҶղֻǶΪͻͽһֲֿٶ˿ͬʱתתԪΪٶȱ㶸Ȼ轵ÿ
ӥΪѾﵽ澳ԪڣĿ棬Ȼֱܹ仯
ԭͬʱֲͬķһԪһȴԪΪͷǸķӡ
ӥͷһ䣬һתЦҲ޴ˣĳȻ֪ʲôķҲ֪˳˲ӣַٶʮ
Ҷֹͣ۾ɻӦ
ӥȻһЦĳҽѾһʮ꣬ľ飬Ҷ˼ҲԶԶҡСӣӦרԪķһֱԪڣȻķķͷŲᵢΪ
νԪڣԪѾȹ̣ӣҪӵֻʵԪڣǣԪٶȱʮ˹ԪķٶΪҲᵢ顣
ҶֻǰȻʣͬ죬ӥĻɸһµĵ·ٶȿ˲֪ٱ
½ɫлָ㡣


85 ǧ
ӥʵҶ˼ѷɫһʮָ꣬㣬Ҷ˵Ϊͻͽ
Ĵӥصܼ֮ϰһŽ׷лҲõָ㣬ǳ
һŹ빭׷ԪΪһΪͨĹ˲֪ٱ磬뷢ƺǾˡ
ѪħԪ߻ħҲõӥָ㡣
˵ԣټ˲š
ӥĿζĺͷ漴ҡͷǸСӣ˻ѷɫࡣ
δߵԽݣҶѾԪƷ۷壬һԪںХ糤ӹǣʱͷγһԲ߰׵УϽɡ
ϲķ֣ӥ˵ûΪӣǣٶҲڼӿ죬ϢԪ㱩һء
ٶȣֻٹٴͻһС磬ΪԪƷʿ
ӥ۽ʶҶΪȻǲĿΪͷȴòȡ
δһʱ䣬СӱԪƷԪƷ۷壬ٶȣֱЩħɵӵܣ֪СӾʲôķô֮죬ٶȣֻ¼ܸҡ
ԽԽԽȻֻʮ·̡ڰɽƫĵطԽƫͨݿĹٵŰɽɽ´̽ҲΡΡȺɽ
ӥͣ½ŲöͣԵ㶫ӡ˵գĿĺͷתתȥ
ɫ䣬㷲
ͻȻϯֻͷ仯壬һͷݵĺӥʮףչʮף̽ͷһģ㽫ĿµĿסͷȥ漴ֵ𷽳Ҳ븹У
ǿԸ뱥
Ǻӥ죬ɨɲԣ׹䣺ƥ̫ݣûпڸУҪҪȥݳԼˣǾ͵ؽӺСȵӡ
ɲԴǣǰٵأ죬¶С׶
Ҷڸɲǰ棬ӥɽҰޣαطҪǼ
⵹Ҳǡ
Ǻɫӥͷ̧ͷϲԭǵ嶾ȣοԳԸˡ˵գչԶһƬɽȷȥ
ˣ̫׺ˡ£Ĩ˰亹
Ҷ񷽳ͷǣҲôΪӥͷϲŭ޳ߵȷĵ
ڽʳܹûǸϿߣ
뷽һۣǰȥͷٱ㲻ô
λ֣ߡ
Ҷ΢Цͣĵܳǧ֮أӥ˵Ҳܷ֮ɵᱻץ
˲Ȱת񱼶ȥҶվڸߴӥɽȹֻǹʮĴȣͬأз̲ӳ֯ɻɹʯɸһۺɫһδԶԶȥ·ɽϿƯһһ羰֮īݡ
һɫִ֣겻ɢһλҪΣգǹеľ綾ֲ︯ܵĸҶڶж涾õʬγɵ֮Լ߳µ
Ѱˣһ߲岽ᶾΪ岽Ρ
嶾ֵط嶾ľ֮
Ҷһ񺮹¥Ծȡľ
ľ˵ױַΪԪܴ߶ҶǱһɳԪ˵죬С󣬱ɶһ󶦣˵һڵϡ
Ԫڣжʱһ˷θŨ㣬ζƮ
ûãҶȻ֨֨죬ѭȥֻһ߶೤ĴͨƣԱĲʶڿ֨֨УҶӶٿ붦С
Ҷͷȥֻſڶһ΢΢ġ
ͻȻд涵죬Ҷһֻ֪ٶ涾Ӵдܳжߡ֩롢ܡعЫӣ֣һȺ䣬ġƵġġġϵġ׵ġڵģ飬ӵ
Ҷ񿴵ͷƤ飬Ǹŵ۴УɲҲҶ󣬲ҶֻЩӿ׷붦Увٶһһ亹ЩﱻľǸǣоա
һľѾɫ棬໥ƴɱ½½жֻԽԽ١
ֹƬ̣ĶѾȫ붦УҶҪͻȻֻһٺɫӹԽԽգۼᣬˣȴһѪɫСۡ
С۶ڿУվżλʿ
ֻһλʿһƬǴӭ㳤ַԲ籡ɴƺһܴɢʱ͸ľɽʯ
£ڹһ̣漴ʿֻйֻЫݡ
ʿ˶棬һ¡
ʲôˣĳʳ
嶾ͻȻӥŭȣֻɫӥչǺɫСϵʿңңš
ʿͷӥɫһϲЦһֻ׽һ˵գǰ̽ӥץȥ
ҶԶԶۿֻʿĴԪܲڿγһֻԲĶСľƣӥ֡
ӥŭХһڳһֻ׵ߣԪֽ飬Ц˭ãƫƫĳң澳ԪҲΪףȻܲױңҲֻҵĿθˣ
𶯾ŶԳ򣬺ХǺɫС۳ȥڡϼʿɫ䣬ʿæȵλǰҪ֣ҵԽҵʿ
ӥ֮ҪͳͳͻȻɫ΢䣬æ߹黯󷨣˫һչɶߣ䵽ҶߣӥͷĹˣȵߣϹҪˣ
ҶһľǷԽݷ񱼡
ӥ嶾ʲôϹ
ǺѵҪ
ͷϹǧ˵ңҶ˼ҲԶԶ֣
ӥδ䣬ͻȻֻһ죬Ҷͷȥ嶾ĵشͻȻһѩȪӵص׳ʮɸߣɷǺÿ
ǵȪϰգصһըǧ˿˷ɢȥӭչ⣬ݷ̻á
Щ˿ϸɢڰ֯һŴﷶΧȥ籡ɴ
Ҷɫ䣬ʧ
ղһȪȪˮһֻ֪ж֩ӵճҺӭ绯׽
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һ仰δ˵꣬㽫Сסʿʱֻױܿƣæʲô˸ԣ
ֻδ˵ֻͻȻһȭͷСȽȽɢĹԣݷһ£嶾ҫͨѩ磬൱ޡ
ǿֻ嶾ĴԪλΣڹеĴͣڰɸ߿գתâ䣬֮ԪԲʮɽȶʱһƬڰе̫ԶԪɣһƬ
ܹԪ֮٣Ǻ֣൱ʿе׿֮ͨ󣬼ͬȾʿҲδ֣
öԪͣڰ֮Уһ漴һ޴ĺӰһӹȴһֻצ֩룬ںббԪӭȥ
ֻȻԲκֻƾУʵ֮ǿ˼


86 
ֻ֩룬ӥ˵ϹѾǧ꣬Ǳ嶾˿̱ӥǿֲ߽쾪ѣ㱩ףӹзɳˡ
ҵļʿλ澳ԪڵǿߣδӦ㱻֩˴ͳͳУԹǧֻ棬Ҳһɣ
ͷԱ֮󣬶ߵҶӥ˲ᣬԪУٴǱ˯
Ҳ뿪ݲһ죬ǿȷʵеҪΣ˰ٱ
Ҷͷ嶾һۣĵǿʳ淨ûб䣬ʵǿĸ
еһθоʵǶôС
ܼҺͷҵСӾȻˣĳҾϲӥ׽СϷ
ӥĿͻȻչͣڸ߿Ƭ̣ͷչή䣬ɻ֣ԲﶼûСһӰӵȥ
ҶҲΪ棬ĺͷȻѾΪʿŲûдﵽ֮㱼аĳ̶ȣô̵ʱڣǶôѣ
ĪǣӽԽݣҶɫŹ֣ϸϸһȷʵܡ
Խݱݲ󣬵Ϊӽԭ˱ݷࡣ
ҶУһ·Ŀ⣬ȴΪӥòʵھףò˲Ŀ
ͷԴ˲Ϊ⣬׹ɨ䣬֪ǴѰȥݸҶ˼ţǶ°߼˴ͷ
ӥߣΣգҸǡ
ҶϣǣŸɲԣͷĿ˸¹ѰĻᡣ
Сӣ𣿡
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ӥȻŭЦС˵ʲôǡͷ񡯣ȫҶǡͷ񡯣
ҶаЦӥɺӥȻǸӣֻ˵ʱһǡ
ǹ幫һʿͻȻɫһ䣬үСںɱүүұڸ𷣣
Ҷ̧ۿȥʿȴں͵Ϯʿʦƽ
ԭɱߵļһ
үɱӿЦұ㼸ͷҲʡˣ
ͷֳһֻɫ֩룬嶾еֻǧмƣ˻˻ֽУ׶
׷󷨣ǡǡ嶾һֻǧ룬ѳֻ˯Ѩʳ֮ʣϸϸĦ侫Ѿõ׷ľ֮
үСȻֻԪƷΪʵʵʦƽæ
ѾԪƷһԪƷСʿǿȥʦƽ󣬿
Ц̤ǰһͷſһŴҶ˵ͷ£һһŮһһͳͳ׽ã
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ʹ׷ȻֻŪԼʵ
ӥŭһҪ֣ͻȻߴһߣһͣɱ֮ŨҲսæŤͷȥֻҶγХѷȥ
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ҶΪͻǣתԪҲתԪɫԾŻҲĿȫǣԣ֣˵ʱѹ¡
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Цͷ˿˿ػͬһ޴ĲӼ
⣡ү̫ˣ
ʦƽɫ΢䣬֪ҶǺεױҲжϣҪӪȣԱʿЦʦƽүҪͷαɨˡ
δ䣬ֻԼ˿һƽƽп
ң
Ѵһʱг룡
ʦƽʿ˴ȻûϵүѾȻ˲һбɥڶԷУʱһ亹ͬȪӿ
ʦƽܻŭһҶȥŭٸˣһ֣Сˣ
ʿʱ򣬸ߺһҼлֱҶ
ӥұǣԸǣ
Ҷһ˷ܵĹâͷ˵һֳһ⺮¥Ԫסӭȥ
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ʿڴԼױҶնȥȵСӣ
ʦƽɫ䣬ȵҪСӵ¥Ź֣ܹȡױ
δ䣬˵ױѾҶסͳͳ¥ѹ


87 ͰԵ
ʿԪڵСʿ߹ԪʿױͲܷȴƫƫǰ
ΪҶȻԶԶǣս飬ԶԶҶ
ҶԴΪһ·ڣΪ΢ɳͨ졢Ϊߵʦƽڿûηֱʹɱ֣˷ս飡
ױֶƣһòţȵҽ澳ͳͳԼױҶ֮㽫˵ױߣа
ͣͣͣ
һƬƬɫ۴Ƥգۼ鲼ȫҶֻԼٴηԪ⣬εͬһϸСŷ裡
ƣӥͷҲҪĿ
СӾʲôķǣֱǿÿ£ѹΪŴﵽԪƷԭԪ޳ķֻ±һҪǿᣡ
ӥĿ֮лҶ񵱳Ҷ˼֮ҶأȻΪҶ֮Ϊ΢ΪŴķ
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ԾŻ֮۵Ե
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ӥ۾һ뵽ҶƽʱΪһʫ㱻Ҳδŭû뵽СӶȻͰԵ
ֱֱһͷɽֵͻѣһҪˣаۡ
أ
ʦƽһʿʹ׷̺ҶϣƵаܸ۴ƬƬѣ
ҶӰ˿ΣһץסʿԴҪͻȻһֻԪϮס壬һʱ޷
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ȴ֪ҶľתԪҶ׿֮Уʽ򣬱ķ
ķҶУſʼʡ
תԪֻеһķҶҲԪƷѡ


88 
Ҷһƴ˼ѧ˫ϥףȻԾһ̱һʿǰ
ֻһ˫µĽ棬ʱҳһӣڵʯ屻ȵһ״Сʯ廩˷ȥڽֵԵķϣ
ʿŭһһȭݺݻҶؿڣȴԷҲδζһ£ɾеʦƽס
ʦƽδţ︮񱼣е߷ɣȳסȥȱ
ҳ̣
߷̲סƿڴֶԸҶһˣұ˼ѧӲУֻһˣ϶׶༪١
ķӦҲ죬ʩչԼ޶׷ϻ
׷Ҷڷҵʿϼ˹ͬʩչ׷һʿʩչ꣬һʿʩչΟߣǹһ׷
߷ɵΪԶʿ񣬽ֲʩչ׷Ϊһͬʱʩչ
߷ɶ׷ϤӦãʿ֮ϣ׷ʩչʱ֣޴ĹǵǰΟͷҶȥ
һֲɹ׷
ҶЦɫצסΟߵĲӣһ󣬱㽫ԪӲ󱬣һȭȴغڹ֮ϣ
һȭȴδܽ߷ɵƣֻĺˡ
Ҷһ¶֮ɫ
߷ɹЦСӣܴ˰ɣүȻûмΟ꣬ڹȴ˲٣׷ǹϹ꾫ĹɣӲޱȣ飡
ڹǣԿ
Ҷһ԰Ȼŭνڣ߷ɵĻǶʱѣ˫ԼгΣ
߷ɴ˴ʬ˵ڵأ͵¥ʱһɢֽΪɢ
Ҷҡҡͷ꾫ǱȲ꣬һʿһķǿ˫ԼĹǿ
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Сӣû񫣿ӥߵߣЦ
ô㲻񫡣
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˵ȴ¶Ŀ⣬ĵ˵СӣܺͬȾҴӵܽһ˵ʤ϶ҪƴΪ̵ģСӼֱһͷҶ˼á
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˵лЩ㷲һҶ˼ĸ֣ƥУҶ˼ĸ֣Խ£
ӥҵڱӣǧҪҶ˼ǵȵĸ֣֣ҲҪҶ˼ǻ쵰ôա
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ҶҡͷʧЦɵѾͷһҵ棬˶ˣ϶澡ʧǾҲӲšųȥ
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ҶӿԪͭҵԪյ֭ͭĽڽ졣
һһϡ
ҶҡͷЦСѾͷûаѴǰ˼άģʽûʶʿͨ˵εǣﻹмױһ
¥еղأȡһ󴸡
󴸵ĴͷͭҪ޴ֱ࣬ӥõױؽǧɷ˵
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˼ղ˵
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ӥѽ˵̸УҶС˼ָƣ̾Сһ۹ⲻŮޣ϶ˮɿڣһ붼ĳҴˮʳָ󶯡


89 Ը
Ҷֵ߳½½Խݾ̽ͷһƬǽ壬浽ѺֵۣĻһԲ׵Ĵӣӡӡʯ֮ϣвɺȻ
ղǸ꣬겻ôô
ʲôãңﻹл·ڣԽֻһ׻ңȥһ׻ң㱻ҳˣɱҵˣϻϰκ룬̫
Ѿ˰գ֪Ϣ϶Ҫɸ׷ɱǣϧŮһ˲š
쿴ûߣ︮ȥˣ⼸ʲôͷɱҵ˾Ȼߣƣ

ԽݳǶʱ֪ӿͷСԶԶӴҲߵ̫Ҷаױͣ½Ų
ȺУĺͷ̽ԴԱһ̷ʵҺ𣿡
˹ȻҶϣ֪ƾ˵Ľ޿ӳӥ׷٣˾ӽԽݳǡ
ҶԽֳôĶȻţסĵҲų
̷ЦֹԽݹ׻ң㶦֣ңƽҵĲƲȥ꣬ңԽдҵҵģЩССֻܴٳⶡԣ˵
Աһ˽ӿڵ˵ңʵ׼ΪԽ׼ռԽݣ
ػ׼ΪԽ
ĺͷһ૵ѹôŰ裬ں벻ɷ˵͵ϮǣԭǸҪңٱͷֻǵһǲľͷˡ
ƽڴؽڲĶ۰һҴ󷧡ԶĲ˵ΪҶռݣ㱻ػʷΪ
˿̵ȻʵǰϮλ
˾ҶǰȻӥͨ󣬵ƾССϺֻһҶԿڼʯͷ
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Ҷ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼȵ죡
ԽԽݣ˶ޱȣͬǶ˵һ㣡
˶ʱһƬȻĸ˷ܵ㷢ٺЦİٱ쵰ԽԽˣ̵ģվһ˵һ䡮ģҴ졯
о˸ҲЩڣΪʲôҪߡ
ȻѪħԪ󷨣ЩƧǰĺ˿δ
Ҷ䣬֮︮жʱһŭȣ֪Сһ룬Ѱ·
Ҷһݣֻһ︮ˣͥǽڣֱգۼüޣٶȼ죬˼޷ܣ
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ǰѾ޽̲ص󣬾ȻҶһеδͷδߣȻҶͷ£
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ֶμ侫ʦƽ˲֪Ҫ٣Ҷҿ϶Ǹδ¶ļһ϶ҵĺʿ

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Ҷ˷ֱ֣Ƿ򵥵;ѹҶ[ǰϲĴɱӣһһױΪѣȻ㹻ĲƳĸٹᦣҲ֪ԭ򣡡
֪СҵҶ
︮ͻȻӿʮˣһɫʿŮףڡ
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ٱһֱүɱ֣㷽ҵķҶҵϾҶᣬǱɵġԶһЦߵķЦ
ҵˣܿӥվҶͻȻڵ
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ѹˣ֮ǿƵ˶޷˵Ƭֻ̣֮︮дһۻ̵Ը


90 
ڸͻȻһ㳵ͣ︮ϿգͷּţţǼΪޣţǣ˫ᣬȵͣڿС
Уһʮ߰Σͷڣ縵ۣһۣ滨Žأһգ֮һͷ
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̵ģαҶٱˣû뵽ҵʵȻôǿ
국һۣĿ罣ӥ̲סĶӣ
ֻ국һЦϴһɰһУƺ˶УԼǸ߸ϵĴڣ·࿴һ۶ĪʹͣͻȻ·︮һ
л
ֻһͷҰסòϵ߻뱦㳵֮У׵λãҵļӡ
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ѵǶʼĴˣ
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һЦҵʵھ置ֵطǿϵ̨棬ԶԶҼҽ˼ǣ︮Ҫǿһʵûǰ;λ꣬ҵԽʯһҪҼҽʧ
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οӥ޷Ĵ׻ҵĸ֣Ҳ壬ҴȺͼģȴûаֿܡ
СӣĳҸסˣôȫҪˣӥЩӲҶ
ҶͷмĿһۣģٱʧ
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ӥ飬ͷëȫֱֹ챣ӣСǧҪɱˣʧȽϺãǱһɱˣҾһˡ
ҶȻ֪е뷨һ֪λ³ͽ̣

ǰȾ߳ȺЦСӣҸղ˵ԲûбȫʬĻᣬҼֻС
δ˵꣬ҶͻȻǰһȭţȲͷЦʬ޴³
ͻȻҶһβ˦ϣԾŻβʽ
ȲҽһһβͳɼɶҹսȺУҵ˶ᣡ
Ҷһݵ˲֪ٿţ
˲ȻŭһϵŭһЦ˶ҲҶ˵ʩչ͵Ϯ
ԪӿȻǴﵽ澳Ԫڵĸ֣
֮ͻȻһߣæͣ½Ųٷ޺޵ĵҶһۣаƣôôסұ裬Էˣ
ղ͵Ϯң㲻͵Ϯ
ҶЦһ֣㻹վҿԹƽ˰ɣ
³ĿҶȥЦããСӣһУҲɱ㣬Ҫ㣬ĥڳϡ
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Ҷһٴγ嵽ǰһѹÿ¡һ죬ɫӡͷ£
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ͷƬƵԪͻȻҶδ棬ֻԪƵͻȻһֻͷԪдܳſҧȥ
ҶвһݣæˣֻͷԪ֮Уһ߻γףβȴûг·Ԫ֮У
һֻֻͷ֣ӵշ裬нߣԶԶȥ︮ĴŶЩɢŨ

ӥ΢΢һǼΪϳ˵׷Ҳֻδ
˵׷һλλһгɵĴߣ׷֮󣬴ɱ䣬ƾ׷һݻһУǿף
׷ȥ׷˻ǲ࣬ԵüΪӥҲûϵȻھ置ƫƧ֮ؼ
֮£ҶԾŻ·̯ԾŻΧ㣬ÿ׻Ҷ׷
˲ҵĺӵܣȷõĴУ
ӥаҶٱСӰɣϿұˣ


91 Ⱥ
һͷȻ£ס棬˫ͬһֻֻȵ֩룬Ҷȥ֮׷׹ѣľ罫ʯ廩Χڣ
Ҷոռ¥Ԫֻ֣һſԪҧȥĴ߷ӵ±㽫Ԫײ÷飡
ֲľǵ΢Сһ㣬ᱻŵøεѣض
˫Լ
Ҷһ𣬲ʱ֪ͷϣ
ûõģ
ЦͷȥͷĴѸ⡢ƬݣԪӵתγһſ˶ͷһͷһҶؿڣײɣ
ҶδأĽ붯˲嵽ǰҧס壬ȥ
䣡
һҵʯ֮У屻ҧס޷̧ۿȥֻ£׷ײ

ĿЦչ֪Ҷǿͨ׷ױײ˺Ҳ˺ҧֱֱ
λΪԼһλɱ㶯ŭֱ׷߿񴸣ڵǸѹһ޿ӣûһ˻ӳ
ȻԶԶδﵽ־磬һ̧£ֻʯ׷ɣ֮ҶĵҳһףֱɵĴӣ
ԶԶΧ۵ԽݾаȻ̾ϢǸսʱǺεԵɱˣԪʿ̫ˣɱ֮󻹲ϽȻҵţŭĺӵܡ
Ŀ򷽳ССӽ֣˭Ӯ
ȻһЦҺͬһ磬һбױڱܸɵ
ǵױͿĨ綾ڿĸֶܶԸ򵥲˷Ż˵
ĺٺЦٱһ϶뵽һ֣ΪûжױѵСӻаȺãӵ
ֻᱻᣡЦ
ګګԡ
òϣҶֵĻ÷˫ԶԶģֵĻôֻʣ°һ³ˡ
ɫ԰ףŵĿУŰ˰󴸵Ϊָ̫ò԰޲̱ȥȴɱ
㳵֮ϣӰ¶һ˿ЦݣЦʽλӵΣùȥô
΢ЦһЦ︮ӵͽ黪Ϣ֮ڱɡ
ɫ΢䣬ǿɲһѾһϢˣ
΢΢һЦտڲ
ЦڶϢ
䣬ͻȻֻҶǸ֮Уɳ֪ԣؽڷɣȵ˺÷飡
ЩͲֻһ̣߳ȴ룬צе˺֮ȳȥкᴩ
ֻࣱ첻ʱƿ֪ٸѪ¶Ȼ֮ɫͷԼĸףſڣδü˵һϸС˵һᴩ­ǰ
ҶӴ֮Ծеɫ׷׻صͷɲݣͻȻ뵤֮Уʧ
Ⱥ裡
һʽԾŻ֮УҶ񿴵֮ƾǻۿһʽ׷֮ͬ
ˣΪҲȵѹͻƣɹԪƷ˲ԪʩչȺ裬һٻУ
ܰôػϻû˿˺ۣתԪǿ֮չֳֻãЩ壬¶ǿ׳ϰ
ҶȡһϣӥЦٱҲûʧ
ӥϵëסζӦһάһɸģɫʵĳʵο
ȴ̣Сָɵһӵܣ൱Ҽһƣ̫ˣֱ͸ˡ
ҶõĿ϶ģЦλ³ߴͽ̣
ӥһӿˮаСӣ㻹Ҫ򣿵˱ǿ߾ǣɱҺۣ˺Ǳ㶼߲ˣ
ȺУĺͷһ૵ٱһͣԽòܻ֣ôҵ棬ǳˡ
ȵĸӲҶУѣͲסɱҪֻ֣֮дӴŭȵ㻹Ӳˣȥ
ͣ½ŲҧгݵĿҶһۣ޺޻صȺС
︮һûиɫӵܣЦ
̬ľȻ۽Ǽⶶ˶ѾһΪߵһһĵ֡
ϧҪΪԽûʸ񡣡
һЦվӭ綶ͬһ˼ĵȫĳ
ĿĮ˽ΪϣһֽѪҺ֮Уͷ֮У
Ҷ¶һ˿ͣܲʹҵױ
˵⻰Ȼƽϱ˵ĸܣͬʹҶһҶĪĶ䡣
ϿӦ
ӥ۾һͻȻٵٱλСǶʼҵĴˣױһѵõĻᣬ֪жᶼ޷õ
ҶɫŹ֣һۣ漴̧ͷ򶫻Ƶл⣬ҴǰһūţûȤڶΡ


92 ɱ
һЦСӣҼҽһױĶͣȻҾܾڹ£ͷлü
ҶȻʧЦͷлⶫԼɻʵˣ
Ȼûпͷϰߣͣ뽫ջأһūţһӶūš
һ̵ūţɲ㣡̵Ĳұȳͷ
̵ģʲô£
ӥ־ŭҲǵСµŭһ߹黯ڿնעű㳵
Զ־ηԵ޹ʱҪɱȻҲҪһ
߹黯󷨸УһЦԪū˸־ǿãαЩ֮һʶʥѲԽݣ˿̻Ǹϸʦȥҵг̣ﲻ𡣡
˹ԪūæǡĵߺҲŹǣ⼸ֻ·һȷֵüƽϡ
Ԫūһֻţ˫չű㳵򱱷ȥӵ˲ǣ仰Ҳû¡
ȻڶУӺ޷ΪԽԽ˵ʸҲûˡ
ʱҵûгΧ۵ЩԽݾҲĬ澲׵ÿ£
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ͷһɸֵģŭһ߹黯󷨵׵һʱУһˮƣȻ︮£
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֮︮ͻȻ𼸸޴Ԫ֣ڸҪ֮ػסˮϮ
һϵȵӣʲô£
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ӥһ߳𣬾Ŷ񶯣죬ſѪشڣҧȥ
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ӥ֮졢֮ݣ֮ʢֶ֮ײУҶҲĿ࣬磡
׷İԵѹֵӥǲǿӥͷֶޱȺݶƱػִģа
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ӥɫ΢䣬ΪڡõڡԪ磬еȴѰ䱦һ󶦷ҹԪ֮ɻõ
ǵʿı֮ɶ֮ܣѹԽңػʶΪԽ
Ҷٱߡ̵ģĳƴСȴˣ
ӥͷһֻҶƥǣܵӰ٣Լƴ
С쵰ȻҶ˼һģ̳ģƻúܣ
ӥХһͻȻ仯壬չʮףԽȥ
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ˮͭӥȥڶʱһĪͷΡ
˴ҿ˵ˣȻһԪڵСʿŪûͷԽͷҲɣֱͷһɨأ
ͷҶʵ֮ޣ
ӥͭ޷ߣ̴һӥХһ޴ԾӥϽڶ𣬺ݺײ֮ͭУ󶦺𶯲ݣ
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ӥЦ˫һ񣬿쭶ȥ֮︮дһŭߣֻһλ߰׷Ʈ׷ȥ
æȵ壬ȥ׷ǰµǸҶٱȥ׷ɱͷ
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ǰ׷һ٣ҶǰʱڸչأûмҶ֮档
˫Ŀ磬ĴɨӣȵټʿвСӳԽݵؽ磡
Ҵʿ̷ֲԽݣĴѰҶ䡣


93 
үǰӥƺЩ̫ðɡǻͷһԽݣֻͻȻһɫߣŶԳ򣬽ųдľ죬Щ
ҶɳۣЦģӥûôɥҲֻ뿪֮󷴶չֽţ
ɲԼ㱼ʮٶ֮죬Ŀࡣ
ٱӳˣ
·ͻȻܳϤӰסɲԵȥ·ĺٺЦӾ֪㲻ԸǸʲôױ㡣
΢ЦҶֽ֣֮㽫ӥ˦ϲɺء
Ƕ˼Ҷȣ֪ԽݳǱһѪս˼ߣҶ񱼣
ҶסЦʵӥɡұ޼ɵ֮ĥԼΪ׷սսϧԽݴһӥ϶ݿҲôɣϲŭ޳뿪Ϊ
˵Ծϧ
УӥͷǼΪֵýύΨһϧǣҶĿǰûύʸ񣬶ֻвȸҶ˼ƱҶŽֽ֮ѡ
ͻȻһ̧ͷǰȥֻһʮĻӹٵŲ졣
ǻǣҲ΢΢һæһȻʺ¥Ԫ£Ŀǡ
ҶĵҲԼԼ¥Ԫ֣ס
ǻԶԶվס΢΢֣ʦ֣·
ʦ֣롣Ҷնͷͣ·ߣЦ
뷽Ҳվһԡ
깰ֳл·һ߹߳ʮԶɢȥԪ֣ջ¥Խȥ
ҶҲջ¥򱱷ȥǿĪүʶղǸôôƺΪʦ֣
ҶҡͷЦҵһ뿪ݣôϵʿ䲻ĵĴͳżʿҪһʦ֣Լûж⡣ʱ̸һЩʶ˵ľЩ߽ʱ˲Ҫᡣ
ġʱȻҲܵͬĽ̵
ٱղҲԪֵķţĪŲֹ˻᣿ıΪԪǶžѧû뵽·һİʿȻҲһͭӵĴӣɵ
ҶګګΪζԪ֣ҲǺֻӦȥǡ
ӥҶԪֵķţӶջеĵһѡȨͶѡһȨռ˺ܶıˡ
ȻҸǣԪֺ¥ﶼǵ̯ʿ˶ַš
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һﵽ˱ԪּΪձ飬ֶǣҪƴ
Ҷͷһۣæ񱼣ҵѾ׷ǿߣ
˼æͷȥֻԽݷһɹɳɱɢȻҵʿѰҶӰ
ĺͷ˲ҵæϣܳǲŻعҵʿ׷ɱٱСӣʲô
ǻܿҵϲ¶ϲɫ壬صӭҵô
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ͻȻ̾ˣʱҶȻܴ裡
ǻҵӣҵţΪʳڣȥ걻һħɿأѡΪӣæ壬ʲô£
ҶɱӥԽݵһ飬ʱȻŭҸղ·һŮһģ·˵Ҷٱ֪ˣҵʱֽͳͳɱˣ
УԪһƷС
ɫư΢Ц壬ڹڿһ꣬ͬʿ֮УѾе֡ҪɱǼڷ֮䣡
ض˵Ͽ׷ǣͳͳɱˣȵ
ʿȣɣҶȥķ׷ȥһʿȥ֪ͨ塣
һŲ̿˵ΪߵͣͬһֵҸ߲㱼ǰ棬Ժıʦƽʿ
עĿıٶȾȻ˿Ų˿ȴһ˻ˮӿǰɳۣ
ȷڹѧþ˵ı죬Ƭ̣ҷǵܴܴ裬ԱΪԽռԽݣа̾һ
ɲԱʮҶͷȥֻԽԽǱҸס˿Ǽͳͳ޷ѡ
ͻȻһưڸɲԵԴϣһ֮ԴԴӿƥڣ
ɲԭѾŽޣõԪͻȻ·˲ҩһ㣬˻ѣжʱһɹɰɢһ׶֮ٶȶʱӿ켸֣
ɲĻ֣֮ȷã
ҶһϲԪͬˮעɲڣڹԪƥֻƥͻȻžı죬Ȼһ˲ԽԽһƤë䣬ƤѸһƬƬָ׸ǴСƬѪ
ЩƬԪƬӴҲһƬƬСƬ
ۣ֮
ƥڼ֮䣬㳤βһߣۣ֮峤ԣ۾쳣һɨǰָݵģɣ˲㽫뷽ԶԶ£
Ҷסȴ˸ϡ
˺棬Цٱƥϱº㻻
ϱʲôãס·
Цٱðٶᦻƥ


94 ޾ɱ
ĺͷȻһƥΪһױȣأһ۷̴øԵױ߸ɲԡ
ҶţиɲԵĻ֣䣬ѰǺ֡
οɲԾȹһΣ˵ױóױٱǧĶҲѸɲ
ԪԣҪǮעɲڣʹϽ
ֻࣼƥڴͻȻըѣӽצޱȣȽϲۣ׳צӿס棬һԾʮף̬ڣԽԽһͷԣ
ĵ˿Ŀ࣬Ȼ֪ɲΪλֱ仯
ʵҶԴҲƶǶֻעԪɲǽΪһͷƥϣԽԽ٣
ҪԭӦ֮˸ɲѪ˲Ż־˵ı仯
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Ǵ֮仹з絶״⣡
ԶԶȥƥֻԻ֣ȫȫһԣ׶
뷽˶һۣױƥͷ
ǲ򣬶Ǹ
ֻɲԵǱ֪ͷļֵֻѾ޷óҵȫƸҲ
ɲԼ㲻ҲԶɱ֮ǿԶ֮ϣȫЩϹᲢۣǷȱֻףûгɳѣ
Ǻε󣬾置Щ׻ұ˵һֻҲδ
ɲ廯֮ٶȸ죬۵糸ԶԶҵ׷ɱں棬Ϊﵽ澳ĸ֣УҲ׷ǣ
̶һʱ䣬ɲԱ㱼Խݵؽ磡
ɲͻȻͣ½ŲԶԶǰ棬¶֮ɫǡ
Ҷһ̧ͷȥֻǰɽһƬ˵͡
⼸ɽЩ졭
̧ͷȥֻЩɽڳһڣ·ǿ󶴣ȴûһūȻķ˺ܾá
ҲЩ죬ɫ΢䣬ɽͷ·ҷҵĿɽ
ѹӻ죬ܼڰɽеĿɽ
ҲɫЩɽǱ˳˽Ѿ̮ô
ҶҲϳҶҵĿɽͷ૵ǼҵĿɽֻ°ɽݿҵĿɽҲˡ
үôˣ
̧ͷȥȴûзʲô֮ѵЩɽǼٵģ
Щɽֻ¾ǰɽʮɽĽ֪ʲô˷
ҶһʮɽˣҪڴ˵ؼʲôױƵС
뷽ҲֲֻܹʮɽĽƳױˣ󣬾Ҷ˼ӥˣǰҲֻͬһ㡣
뿪ҶͻȻһЦһ£ҵͬƨһǺ棬ֻް֮ա
ٱʲôð취뷽ҵҲǼΪᷳʵ
Ҷ񲢲ش𣬶Ǵߴٸɲʮɽȥ嵽ɽߣæסͷɲԸ£ֽƥԶȥܿЩɽ
˿Īԣæ
Ҷ߳ԶŽɲԷ£ƥΪܣϸͷֺƵģһҶֱ㱻ͷһƤ
ҶкȻæ֡
תԪ֮ǿ׷ױҲ˺ϵķǿܹӲױû뵽˸ɲǰ񶹸һ㡣
ǱɲԶڣҵֱܿͷˣ֮Ѫ֣
ֱʱʲôĺٺЦҵֻҪˣ
δ뿪ͻȻֻһ׷ԲԵУѭŸɲµӡ׷ȴҵһ֣ʵҶ˼ӥǵǿߣɫ΢䡣
ȻҶ˱ɱ֮ģɳȥѰʿоȻȸ֣Ǳ˷ǵټһ
ǰ׷巢ֵɽǰûиɲԵӡ̧ͷǰɽͣЦ㵽ɽ⣬Ϸߣ
岻ɷ˵Ⱥɽ֮УڴʱȺɽ𶯣һɽͻȻֽ⣬罣ߣ裡
ոճƬռ䣬㽫ޱߵĽ˲㱻ɱһѪʬ޴棡
һλ澳ԪڵĴ֣ҽжûзɥ
ޱߵĽɱָֻ֮ƽ£ɻһɽɽˮһƬͣ˿޾ɱ


95 Ƴ
Ҷ˿󣬶˸սǸɲԷ磬ʱͣ½ŲֻǴ˿ҲλһһĨɱ
ٱ̫ˣ׷ɱǵˣܹŻȥģֻ޼૵
ͷʾͬɧ
׷ɱ߾˵ԶûпֲΣ϶ŸɲԵĽӡ׷Ⱥɽ֮УձޱߵĽɱ
ҶСƹƬɽ򱱷ȥڼ䣬ʮɽΣֽΪޱ߽߽ɱ
̶ܹʱ׷ģҵмÿ˵Ϊﵽ澳ԪڣΪ棬ԪΪԪ
Щ˱廹ҪոսȺɽ֮У㱻Ľɱ
ΪϾȲǣʱڻܸĽŲԪ㹩ϣһżλ常ͳͳɱһ
ʲô֮ǿĽ
˰βŻعʧǵôΪֻ¡ֻҹڵҲĶ֣ԶԶǡ
ǰĿһеİһɨգĿ͡
Ƭ̣̾ϢһȻ׷ɱҶˣҲԽңȻڵķȥ
ͻȻȺɽ֮ͻȻһܻŭɨˣ֮ѵͷŲ¼ɽܰһױһᴳһˣҵĽһִһȺˣֱûûˣ
ֻǼʮɽͻȻһۼӣصһ𣬱һɽͣķƿնȥ
Ǹڴ˵ױ˴ɽУʤţ֮¾Ȼɽߣգۼ㻯һСڵ㣬ʧʡ
⼸ʮɽῪҶǰʱÿ
ٱʲôʱ־磿һɨǰƤЦȥķʧ
뿪֮һ·ϵЩȻ
ɫҲЩȻ
ݣ֮ӣΪҵμû뵽˼ţ֣ƺһ·ˣһָͷǣǱܴ
ҶЦλ֣Щĳɾͣһ޶ʱбǻҪСʱʱǱǷˣﻹĳɾͣ
֣صͷɫһɨգȵһ죬ҪñЩ˻ҪǿҪᣡ
Ҷ뷽Ǿһ񣬵ͺһɲҲͷ˻
仰˵ǵûĸԸˣҪΪˣֻͨԼŬȡ
ǿкͻȻȣ񲻽һ£·𿴵ϵñȴǰӷâ¶Ӣˣ
ʵСʱ˱໥޲߶ԷԼǵΪͻͽ
һ·ȥ˶ʱĿ֮УΪнԷս֤Լѧ
ĺͷˣҶĶ֣󲿷ֶսܹķΪ٣ñף̼Ǹӷ
ҶΪҲͻͽ֮УԴӵõӥָ㣬֪Լʱ¾תԪȥǶʹΪֱһǧٶ֮죬Ŀ࣡
ǶķٶҪԶԶѧСǶ΢ܸ٣
ʱԽԽǶҲԽоķ֮
ҶͻȻо¥жһæӵ¥֮Уֻľнһϼ룬дɳɳĿ
ѵƳ潫Ҫˣ嶾˵Ƴ죬һҪˣռ˵ԪĨɱǣ
Ҷһæסɲԣ¥ȡľڵϣһ֮ɫ
ǵ˺֣׷ͣ¹ۿ
ٱȻֻӣϿųǿĺٺЦ
Ƭ̣ϼ뱻ɸɾһֻѪ͸ĹƳľ̽ͷֽ֨֨УָֻͷϸཱུģͬһֻϱϱͬǣֻƳ汳ϳԱĲ
ǡĳѪϣ嶾мٶֹƳ棬ƷƳʮ֣ĳѪƷƳʮ
ҶһɫأסۿɰѪϡ
ĳѪûжԣȴǹƳе֣Ϊѵá
嶾˵ֲϹθڼѣʲôԣϲԱѪֻҪṩ㹻ıѪֹƳ
ĳѪϵĽΪ֣һĳϣһֽĳϡ
ϻǽϣǰʮĹ֣ͰԵļֹƳ֮һĵõǼϱ£ĳ֮˿ͻƶɣ
ôСĲϳ棬ʲôãҲֻƳ漫Ϊʧҡͷ
ÿɰĲϱ۷Ź⡣
ֻĳѪԴ̽ڣལ⣬ȷһ̲סҪһѡ
ѪϿҶͬˣ̷֨֨ſĲҡҡλδӶз
һ˳ԼĲԽԽҶӽ
ӾȻٱܰ㵱ˡ
ֻĴҶ񣺡ӵѡϱ£ûѡ嶾ǸޱӢľ嶾е֮ʵ̫˵ˣ
⼸죬뷽Ҷսƨ̫ңһ˿ѵлᳰҶ
ȷʵˣֻѪ֮С磬ɰһ֪ŮСӦûж
Ҷδü˵ֻֻĳѪӭ㳤һˮ״Сų˷磡
ֻѪϷҶͷſ죬¶ݣͬḥ̂һȦȦ鲼ǻһֱһҶԴҧ£
Ѫ嶾֮ѵһأ
ҶһſԪֻ˶Ѫϴ󷭹Ե֮⣡


96 
ֻĳѪϵ֮Ҷ񼲷ɡ
ѾҶΪǣʹȻеɵҶռֻҪ굽Ҷͷ­֮УԶҶǣĴˡ
ֻϱһҲɰˡǴ˸ս૵
˿̵ĳѪϺֹɰֱ£СˮףСָͷʱȥ޶׽һλãֱǹȰɱ֣
Ѫֻ֮һȻ£ɽʯϢѿȴǱĲ֮п
뷽ɴ۾ĿĴѰֻѪϵȥо֡
˵ʵֻѪϸոճʱ˭ҲûнЦ嶾ûжô񿴵ֲ˶ȲѣЩڵûѡ嶾
շĹƳ棬ױʤ޵׷ױʱ͹ԪʿԪɱٲ֮ûʲô
֨֨
ĳѪϹֽУӱХҶȥ

ҶȻתֻƳ汳ϣȻһʱֻƳٴķɣ
ͣͣ
Ĳչ֮ͬȴСУ絶Ҷķʱֱ۱ɨʱҶֱ϶ĵ˿ڣǣ
ҶæˣвȻ
ǺεǿԪʿ׷ӲӲҲδˣֿɽױû뵽ĳһĵ˿ڣ
ƷƳʮ֣
Ҷһȡͷǰ׷ĳѪϱһ£

һֻѪٴαɣͷĵͷȻѣڵϣ
ױȻƴĳѪϵĲ
۾һæеٱҪŪ㲻ҪֻƳ棬ҲУ
̽צʽ
Ҷŭһһ֮̽צĳѪץ£ۿֻܽѪץסͻȻѪſѪڣһצҧÿԿ죬׶
ҶüͷһĳѪʵ̫ԾˣȻ׷ҲУֻƳǿ֮Ҫ
ٴǰۣܲһֻצѪץȥ
ֻĳѪֽ֨֨УſҧȥҶ΢΢һЦָᵯָͷĳѪϵֻƳĴ޷£Ҳ
ͬʱҶһִֻϷ£סĲӣڽֻƳץס
ո˿ĳѪͻȻСָм˳ȥ
һֻոճĹƳ棬Ȼֵûͷ
Ҷжŭֻ֣ƳĨɱºһֻ
Ҫʹɱ֣ͻȻĳѪͬУæľȥ֨һ붦У̽ͷ̽ԣ
ֻɽͻȻ౵Ľһֻ޴дܳѩɫƤëֻԺëγһ֣ģƺһֻ꣬һֻֻ࣬г̣۾ľеĳѪϣϸͷ͡
ֻ޺ҶӶԱıߣצеĳѪץȥӴԵֻƳ档
ĳѪϱƵԣʱӶгͱͬˮͰһ㣬֨֨УſѪ죬ڣƺһڱܽ븹У

ֻǺͻȻŭУҲ˿Ͷʱһ㣬ͣȻͬһͷſĳѪϵͻҪ˲֪ٱ
ĳѪһԴһֶضС
˫Լ
Ҷŭһгԣɷ˵ֻȥ׾ᣬ£
һֱ˫Լѧ׷е幥ǿһУȺǴΧ۹ǲ˫Լ
ֻĳѪҲ֣ɼԶѪϸ׺Ҷһ㶯ǿɱУ׼һΣ
ͬʱֳѪħ࣬죬Хֻ޴ȥͷͻȻֳһѹӴ󹭣䣬һͬʱҲ
ͬʱʶֻͻȻֵޣԶѪϸΣգ˼ͬʱ
ֻǺ޴˴ŵû겻壬ͻȻС˵һڵϣ֫鴤£һ
˫ԼѪħԪ󷨡ײһ𣬶ʱԪĽľȻɢͬһС磡
ֻ͵͵һֻۣ⸱󣬴˸սװβҲñֱڿУԼѾýӲˡ
ү㿴СˣǶֻǺ޺ϲԹ˵
Ҷ״Цոʬ廹µģôܽӲ
䣬ֻ޵βĴڵϡ
ҶһЦޣͷҲӦ³ǡ
ֻ͵͵ѿͣ³ɺСͷԴһߡ
Сһ̫Ȥˣ
Ƕֻ޼ΪϲǰȥСֹͣװݵһļͷҶġ졣
Ҷֳ˫ԼС굽ǵͷֻ¶һë׵Ĵβͣŵɪɪ
үòã
ǰķģֻ޾˳ڻЦ㿴Ƥͷˣֿġһȡ֡
ͷƬֻ̣СԴЦͽ㻨ˣ˭㳤š


97 Ѫ
Ǹе֡ҶϸֻޣֻСһͨѩףԺƤɫƤëֱּΪ죬Ƶ
ʵҶ񲢲֪޵ĵȷȷлΪϡС
ٱСɲһ򵥵ޡ
¶صɫͣӴֻ»Σգ׵ˣ
ŭĿӣҲͷܴŭĿӣǰצзв
ŭţ飬ŵòصͷŲҳ
ӺСޣпã
ҡҡͷӣֻǱƳζǿԶΪҪСһЩҪҧˡ
ҶҲ뵽ؼ֮ǶԻΪϲֻĵӼСӦûжٴ󰭡
ľȥֻֻĳѪڶУŵɪɪĵֻĳѪϣֻ»ֽţٴˡֻڣʡЩô
㹻İյֵѪϷɣҪ׽ֻСˣĿǰʵ޷쵽
ҶָͻȻĳѪϵԴϣʶ˳ָѪϴԣ
ֻѪȻΪǿᣬϾոճûжã޷ֿʿʶױ㱻ҶĨɱ
ƳֻĨɱǣñƳ淴ɣĨɱƳԣԪ֮ҶƣĳѪɻᰴձж
Ҷ˵ֱۣһŶѴСѪŴ˿ڷɳѪϣֻѪӵѪڡ
ԪҪѪѪ̲Ƴ棬ͨƳѪ֮ԪŷڹƳڡ
Ҷ漴ָԪԪԪӿѪڣͣԲԪ
ѪϿͣʵ̲ߣֻжС
Ԫ̸ͬѪϵĴ֮С
ãҶֻԼĳѪ֮һѪĸоֹͣӦԪ˿ϲɹˣ
һ㽫ĳѪϼֻֻѪϺһֱˮ״Сĳչ죬ɽзһܣͻȻһֻϸСķɳ棬ͣҶͷ
Ƭ̣һ΢紵ֻĳѪ֮֨֨죬бƬƬľȻ£ȻѪϷɹ֮ʱ÷ĳЩľжϣ
ĳڷϸЩж֮վԭأһŵ£
ͷһվŮͷĴ⣬ضסĳѪϣֻǰצǰҶģе
ҶţѪϷɳף߿֮У
ҶѪеԪ͸Ѫϸӵĳۿȥֻһ紨۵ףգƺзڣдϲƳԪоҲ󳬹ԪʿֱǱױҪõı
Ԫʿױܹɱڰٲ֮⣬ƳȴӼ򵥣˷ʤҾҲҪԶ
ϿͻȻһХһֻչ׵ĽĳѪϣ˫һſڽĳѪ븹У漴չ߸߷
Ƭ̣һڿݣֻѪɫĲϳŶſѪڣ¶С׶꣬գۼ㽫ֻԸɾһƬëҲû£
ֻɫܹӴȻҲޣҶޣԱ࣬Ҫûпܣû뵽ȴֻѪëǳԸ⣡
ͻȻҶֻһɴȳ֮ԪĳѪϴ˼ҲԪԴ
嶾ᵽƳԷˣ˵Ѫɽ֮󣬽ѪΪԪ
ѪͬͨѪɳ
ֶ뷽ѪħԪ֮ͬѵħţҪɱԼΪͻͽ
ɱԽ࣬ΪٶҲԽ죬ʵҲԽߣ
Ƴ濿̲͹ȷΪɱԪʵۻ಻ԶֶΪľȣ߻ħ
Ҷ˼ԭȼƳ棬ȷʵ۲Ƴ淴ĹЧ־ı׶֮󣬱㲻Ƴ淴ǵΪϣĳѪϰеԪȫգ
嶾֮ûԪֻ̥ķйأԪӲԲһӶǸ磬ֱ
һĳϴӸ߿շ䣬ͣļͷ
ģе
ҶֻЩߣ̻һףҶ
ҶСЩȡ¥ղصһöɫ˹ȥԾ𣬽סǼͷӵζԾĶԼҿζȥ
о綾ԪʿҲ׶ֻƭŮΪСһ벻֮ᵹضҶĿⲻƣĵ
Ƭ̣ɻҪӣֱ׳
Ҷ񳹵ƤҪ֮ȡһö˹ȥ
ٱܲܰҲһֻƳ棿۾˴֣ٺЦ
Ƴ֮ѿУԪڵΪԲٿأױҪá
ҶЦǰ治ԶݣɸиǱȥѼֻƳ档Ȼзݣ֣Ҳһֻգ
ĬƬ̣ͷл
ٲȻһС壬֣ͬ˹Ƴ֮Ա֮ǿȫԪʿۣǰηηβ
Ҷ뿪Сɽ˿
ٱǷҶ֮ǰȥ񣬿϶ܵŴӺСҪմһմĹأô÷һЩĹЦ
Ǹո뿪ʮӰХɽѲӣһ۵Ůһƥͷ𻷣ŻȻǸ˼ҵС㣬һָʹޱͷʿϳȥŭֻأǲǰƵôôûУ
ʿҵֿϳһѪۣͷؿսۼ뻨˰׽ȥ
Ůŭһ䣬ûͷûʿȥȵһʱ䣬ȺͰŽֻϹֵ޴Ӱٻû뵽ȴ˼£ҵĽҲ֪Ǹ۵ļһֳȥ治֪ҵΪʲôǣͰܣһȺ
ʿһѪԱһʿ۲ҶµĺۼŵӵЩ˶ǳȥˡ


98 
Ů֮ŮʫʮŮֻһݵĿ飬ʮΪ谮Ϊ
ʫżȻ䷢ְٻһֻĻֻȻףϾϹ֣ͨʿ֣ҰٻΣأޱأٻȿ϶˲ء
ҲţΨֻϹޱ˶ȥö߳նٻȣȻʿΧסƵСɽ֮С
ʫһͷѾͷڸ߿ռӻĶ򣬲޵ۿ㽫׽סû뵽УĽҲĪĲжŭ
Щȥݣ
ʫ˪ЦҵٵʿôĵӣҿеĶҲЩˣɱ٣˸ѣݾߣҲҪ⼸֮ͽѳʬʾڣ
ǣʮʿӦŵһݶȥ
Ҷδߵݳǣʿֱ߳ݶȥЩŭޣʨ¹ǧٹ֡
ٱЩʲôͷôÿ˶ʹԪ֣
ļЩ˰Ѹ¥¥ͭӰԪ֣סвɺ֡
ɫٱ㴫ǵַţò˶Ĵ·ɣ
ͷǴ·
ҶɿЦλ֣СܴǵԪַҶҵĶؼԺǵͬ
ͻȻʮʿ߳һʿͷסɲԣв¶̰֮ɫ޵һƥޣ磬ƥ񿥣죬ֵǣ׸ֵܿ϶ܵʶ
Ϊʿһֻۣһ·ϣЦǵЩ˻״ͳͳɱˣֻǸСӣø缸죡
һʿٺЦ⼸һ֪ǴУΪҲߣɱǣҲǳͷ
δ䣬ͻȻһ֧Ĳӣ
ģ
ΪʿѣŭһͻȻִĲӣʱɱ
ʣʮʿŭȣһâ׷׼¥Ԫִ£סȵɱǣı𣡡
һ·ϱҶٱҪһѰ·ŴЦʳȺС
Ѫħֻ裬һʿ𣬽Ԫ֣ɫֳһĨ漴ֱò԰ף촽þûгѪζˣιѪħԪ꣬ҪҵѪ
һ·ĸ֣Ǳ̬·ҶʮΣҲʼձҶѹƣ˵ΪȻͻͽȴʼ޷Գǵʵ
˿Щʿʱǿ޶յĳɹչ֣
ĺͷͬȺɱ䣬ҶѷһЩȣȫѹԵƣ
Ҷδü֣˱㽫Щɱһա
Զͣ½ŲվһԹֻһ¥׷ױֽ⣬¥ղصĶӿе䣬һأ̾Ϣ֣ҵʮֵһǿȴ˲õˣٲɣ³
°һɽӣϸȻĺ뼫ΪϧȴĿ⾼ӣҲһʿ
ôƺҶԶԶ֣ʵ
ߵΪߣԪͬһգӦǹԪΪϷǼСΪǲǳ̫ݣأͰ
ͻȻԼͷſһѪɫϳ棬ɫ΢䣬æЦԭλ嶾̵ĸͣС϶֪λݣð
嶾̣ѵĹƳйأҶ΢΢һӦ
߹ʵԼ뷨嶾ϵһħ̣˵ɵĵĺɱ˲գۣû׷ױȺôԭѵҲ٣ԱߵСŮһֻޣĪǰٻˣ֣ٻô嶾̻һ𡭡
͵͵Ƴһֹۣ嶾̵Сħͷһ𣬹ҲǸŮħͷ
ٱӷˣ
Ľֵ֣ܵһɨգ˸߲ҵ⼸һֱ˳ղصĽƱʵ٣вױĲϣϧûгƷױٱûг֣ЩûķݶҺСģ
촽һЦٹȻõƷڼ䣬ǰٵͳͳɱˣǵĺ˳͸һݣ
⻰һ޳ܣ͸ĺȻһݸ嶾̵СħͷǣȻĺ
ͻȻ϶˭ҪҪҲˣ
֪嶾̵޷죬ﻹϣæЦλһݣҪ򵼣
ҶһĳѪϴͷЦǰ֣ʦֵܳɽ֪ԭĹأð
˿ǸģĴӺĳС˵࣬æҶ߽׽СֵһʣǰʵڼˣС϶ƤһСֵܣҲҪ󣬽һϸǡҼסԶ룬˵ݵϤ̶ȣϵڶû˸ϵһ
ҶЦãƤÿ¡
һݣݵĵһ֪ȻʵߣϾݱˣ߱ᣬҲͨʶһݵſ
ٱͻȻղǼˣҲ¥ķţɫĿⲻƣ
ȿȣҴǵķţԺͬ
ҶӲͷƤʣæϸ磬ݳʲô


99 
Լ˵ݵĵͷߣһΪϤҶһ߽УӣڵѾû䣬˵𿪸λӢۣһʼʵսºպչѫͣݣһΪֱԪֱ̥ˣȻѾû䣬ɲСƴƴͳܱ߰˰ؽ磡
һۣǰСϢ˵ҹǿսһص˵öҩǰٻĹıҩ׹ǡǵҩܹõһŮ裬֮ص˶ȬΪ˼ΪŭϼѲ飬ϧ֪˭µ֡
ҶЦȻû䣬Ͼǰ֮棬˾ȻᱦǺôĵӣ
һˣ֪ĿĿⶼڸɲϣƥֱһԣۣҲצԴͷ׶ɢһ޲е׺Ϣ
ҶϵܣƥǸµǣߣʵ̫ҡˡҡҡͷ
ҶҲвٲĿ⣬٣˸ĵ϶ֲɣ
ǰݵ涯ֵȻ࣬Ҳˣ
䣬ԶڰٻеİٻϷĹڣȺ֣ЩСһЩСңȻϷ޲ݵһ⣬˭ҧһڡȻҶϵǵ嶾̡
ѾҶͨǺЦԭ嶾̵ô󣬳ƵԶ
﷭ۣи̵ǳԶŶԣ嶾󣬵Ǹֶ࣬ǳִɱһˣţ
˵嶾̱Ͼ⣬û˿ΪֲߣȨƣ۸˿̴Ҷˣ嶾̵Ĵȡ
Ҷϸϸ˼Ƭ̣¥ɲյ¥֮Уĵ߻ӣ˿ûӥǵȴػСһЩΪ
ҵһҿջ˷䣬漴ֳĴ䣬ۿԭķ顣
ݵشԭҵԽݷ˲֪ٱӪ࣬вרʿŵĵ棬ʯϣֱӳ۵ҩױ׷ķ۸ࡣ
ĵ棬ǰٻӪľ۱իĶ󣬼۸ҲΪ
ߵһΰ¥ǰЦǾ۱իױۣûѡ
ҶĿȻױҲƷۣԭȷǾΪͬӸ
ٱ͸ĺǿûУȥѡһ
ͷͬȥ˵ҪĶ
ҶҪ۱իУͻȻֵֻʮʿӽֽһü۵ʿԶԶָҶ񣬺ȵС͵ҵܹܣΪ
һ߳ȺҶǰƣɲҪԩˣ˵λС͵֤֤
Ǽ˶֤
ʮʿһվ˳ЦСͬ͵˶ƵܹܣȻأͳͳǰǣٺݺݵشһ٣
Ȼ͵Ҷҵǵ죡
ߣеƥСһ𳤴ʮ꣬ͬ㣬ܹܣҪΪϳ⼸ҵ
Ҷɫ˲ֻһЩʿų֣׷ͣΧۣԽԽ࣬ȴûһ˿ΪǳͷǱŰվһЦٲȻһֵӡ
Ҷͷϸ磬Щʲôͷ
ͷԣսǶǵĶңһ׻ңȻ󣬵ҲͬСɡҶϵܣ˵ƥ̫ҡǳˣǰ۸ˣҪġ
ԭ㣡
λܹʱע⵽Цɽ˵Ҳ⼸С͵ߴң˭
ԴĿ
ܹǰһȵ˵
ƴˣ
дҪ嶾̵ĴȣͻȻҧҧڣǼ⣬޷ǿ⼸λСˣǿжαôڣ
ܹɫһ΢΢졣⹫ݳͷƽֻװͷƭһЩؿͣŪǮƣЩӵܣһҡβ衣ıӵȻҵ涥ײ
ɽ㲻ˣҵӵĿ׷׺Χ
սæ㵽Ҷ󣬵ҶϵܣҵʿݣڸǶҵڸܹܣǰΪﵽԪ֣ҫȶ㵽۱ի۱իǰٻĲҵǲ¡
ҶϸϸλܹܣȻֻԪ֮ʢͬһ˶ҫϢΪֲ΢΢һЦ˼Ҷھ۱իſڣѲɻҪһӣ
˴ֹܱȵɥá
Ҷһ򵨱ĵɲԣȷ̫ҡˣ֪˿Уж£˵ֻҡ½ң÷ǳֶΣЩ˵˼ͳͳ壬ǲƣ
뵽Ҷ΢΢һЦ¥ɲԷųЦҵģȻ˵Ǳǣ߰ɡ
Сʶ࣡ң㽫ͳͳ
ƴϲæ첽ǰɲͷץȥɲԶ֣ͻȻŭ˻һſ죬һڣҧסͷһ˦׶
˴ԭأβЦȻǴСһ𳤴ģܵúģ
䳰ȷܵóԽȷһף
Χ۵˰ҡͷһЦĸﶡңҲԶˡϧƥҪ붡ҵУ֪ˣұȳˡ
ɫ࣬Ц޺޵ããѰ·δ䣬ͻȻƺһ˳ĺܷθȥ
ɫ΢䣬æԪѹȴѹס
ֻͻȻѿһֻѪɫӣӭ㳤ˮһС˷𣬴סͷ­ڱ㽫Ԫڸ븹У
ҲѰ·ֻ˵ݣûм¥ͷԪ֣˱ĳѪ˿ӣһҪ
ҶһĳѪ򶡼˷ȥĳ絶ٷһܣ漴ļͷ
ҶĿ䣬ɨһȦɭȻһЦǶ³ٸ嶾̣ұţ
䣬ʮԴӲϻ䣬ʬ͵ڵء
һƬѻȸ
ٱҪ˷ѰɭһЦֳѪħ࣬ҽУʬѪδţֽЩʬ̣һ飬˸ɡ
ҶתȥԹǺһЦ¶ѩ׵ݣϸ磬徲ˣǿȥ۱ի˰գ˵գ˽ȥ


100 
СҲ˷ѣ
۾Ź⣬ֻ֮󣬸¥׷׷ֽ⣬ԭʿථ¥Լĺö¥ղأ¥еر㻩һء
˿ʱֻǸ׳ѸٽսƷͳͳԼ¥УֵüЦȻɨһ飬˵Ŀ翴һƶı⣬޲ðͳͳ
˰Σǡĵ۱ի֮Żعʬ壬˸սæ˽ȥаһң㱧˴ȣҲҵøɸɾ嶾ǰʲô
֮Ҷ׽ǿĺͷʵײУֻҶʱ򣬱ȽϺ˵û뵽궯˻Ҫ׺ݰٱһֱʮʿڣ
һͷµĶ񻢣ۼʱۣ۾ʱҪˣ¶
ﰵҶۣ߽۱ի澲Ƭ̣Ŵ˵
˭Ҳ뵽ΪﵽԪڵĶڣȻֵĻҲûУĪıɥʬ޴棡
ҵЩ֣øԩĳѪϷɹ֪ô£ͷּңʬҲûŹһɫ԰׵һ׷˸ɣ
ݷԲ˰ؽ磬Ƴʿ֮٣ûУƳ˹˰Եģǻǵһμ
ղŶԸɲĻ̰иǴ˸սԼûȳ֣˿ñпܻˡ
嶾̣嶾̣
ѹ⼸ŰԵԪڵʿ΢Ϊǣڴ޼ɵ߶ԭ嶾ڱ
ԩੲݣǼ¥Ԫ֣ǸҪɱûпܣɱǼ嶾̵СħͷҲ練ƣ
ƨ֪嶾̵ĵӣҶ֣嶾̺εȰԵݶҲ練ƣ˼ҿͷﻹ࣡

ͻȻõõʿӽֵͷԶԶȵڼ䣬ʲô˸ݷ
æɢΪ׵ľװһ̽ΪצץԪͬһΧסܵǰȵ﾿ʲô£
۱իǰһʬ壬ҲԾ
Χߴŵӣԭίԭԭ˵һ飬еӣ޹أ嶾̵Ǽɵģ
ǾװʿӣɣֽƬ̣ͷۣҵҲֻԵϵ嶾˸ָ磬û뵽Ⱥħͷˣоͳɱˣ޷죡
ӣ嶾̵ĵ޼ɵӦô죿ôˣֻ²򶡼ҽԱʿɵݵİȫҲʮּ֣ѯʵ
̫Ѩͷ֣Цô죿±Ƕ̰˵嶾̵ĵӲȥǱ˵鷳ѾллˣȴȥȺСħͷҲǻã
嶾̵Ĵ·жţ嶾̵һаŮ֮£Īҵʿˣ嶾̴ٳӲĪ׻ҲΪƽأɱһŵĴ·
ϸ˼Ƭ̣һˣ˸һȥþ¥׼ЩƲˣ嶾̵ļλ̨硣嶾̱Ͼħɣˣø˵Щħӻˮֻ׽ύ׵ǿͿ˵ӣҪ¡
۱իУҶոսţһλŮӭЦλ͹٣
Ųӯǰ·ƺ֪Ҷھ۱իǰɱ飬߱ߵǾ۱իиָƷСָϣϣϵȵĳ澫ͭҩһƷ졢޲ݡλױҩ鷳ҲֱӹƷﻹиָķ׷󷨣ÿε׷۸ͬߵ׷Ĳ㣬ʿ̥
ЦŮūô
Ůɫʱݺݵһۡ£ϵܣٻĵӶŮӣ޵ľǰŮ˵ɻ
æҾأɫֻǿЦ֡
ŮɫԻһһЦҡ
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ŮЦǾ۱իսֻ
ŶһӦˡ
ʿԽƱٿأܹǷ۵ֻõĲϡױױ
ҶͻȻի۵ķУоתԪеĻԴһĶһȭͷСҹ飬һŵڱζȥ
飡
Ůס죬һɫ糺죬ͬƣæ˶񣬵λԺȥһûоתԪ˵գһŮ䣬дλͣǧҪˣ
ŮǰЦһҪ˵ĿҶеҹϣſСһ仰Ҳ˵
Ҷƣǵһ֪еҹж飬ЩҹֻǸֵȲһױЩŮ˳ԡ
ͷȥֻҲĿԣסҹƲ۾
ЩŮˣϲĶ
Ҷҡҡͷǣ͸㡣
ǻŵүôĶ
ﻹʮšҶȡһҹ飬Ц
ǻϲޣæλдŮˣȴתóһţ۾ʱֱˡ
Ƭֻ̣һȺŮӵһλŻ긾զզж飿죡죡ҿ
ϴιͣ˳ֱ飬ȴ뱻ɽȺСһߣùףЩͰЩС˴ˣ
Ҫƽ׶Ұٻ棡긾ͷ綷Ϻȵ
Ůæס졣ֻǸ˾Ҷǰеı飬ĿһЦλʦܣɷҿ
Ҷ񽫶齻ǸҴϲȻǶ飡Ȼſһ£һԪ飬ֻҹõԪ󣬶ʱڽͣԽԽͬһ־޴ڿУ
е㣬Ҳ٣ŵζɢ͹âеˮɫҫʱ۱իӳͬ˵к½룬޺쵣ҡҷԣ
ٻŮǴԭأĿ룬૵
㷢Ůе
ûһŮͷһۣŮϲСһﱸܴ㷢


101 ԧﶦ
ʲдҶǵλŮ첽߳긾ǰ˵˼䡣
ǸɫȻҶǸҾ۱իûоתԪķ
˶٣һڴЦȻûоתԪķҾ۱իࡣǾ۱իУıҲʤױϧϣܶóŶ飬ǻױҲ޷
ҶЩʧҡͷķֶ̰áױֶһòˡ֮⣬ױ֮ĶС
Ǹϸһ룬ȷˣ嶾̵ĵƵĺܶ࣬Ƴ濰ױұȲױӵӦ֡
뷽һֹۣЩҹ飬ôֵǮȻܻױı
ҲûϵЩƵ嶾ٱ죬Щҹһ
ܴҲޱȣ嶾ûᶫ飬һηҶº֣һûнЩӷϣΪֻǸû뵽ȴҶռ˸ˡ
긾ջԪ齥СץУỹҶ¶ЦλĴתת˵ܿĶ˵գԱλŮɫź⼸λͣһЩĶƷζҪŶ£Ψʣ
ҶڶУаЦȻòֻװĹ߰ˣóҫ԰ڡ
ŮͷæҶ¥Цλ¥µĶЩֱ¥ϲҾ۱իء
Ҷ¥һŮﻹԭأЦүӣ¥롣
ŻعæҶаҴǰ۱իЩٻѾͷûۿң۱ի¥ֵطֻԹͿţֻ˵ȴûлȥǳүȥͷһ⣡ЩŮȻԿ˱񣬵һɽˣҲͷһ⣡Ҷϵǲ嶾̵ĸͽƴ֣Ҳմ˹⣡
Ҷߵ۱ի¥ʱһɱֻ֮¥һ䣬һڷһˮˮһױʽǧٹ֣ɱ֮ǴЩױϴ
ױȷʵ¥µĸʤһ
䱦֮УѾмŻʿĴѰԸһٻŮ棬ױԡ
ܹѡױģҲǹԪΪÿ˵ʵС
һ̧ͷҶˣע⵽ҶĹ΢΢üõС㣬Ǿ۱իʲôʱлӵҲˣѵûǾ۱իͷ
Ůɫ΢䣬ӣ⼸λҾ۱իĹͣ˵ʱһЩ
λӻһȣ΢΢ζЦͣһɽ⼸һ֪ǴıҲǹͣС㣬СҲǵ㱻ƭˣ

Ҳ৵һȣ̬˰ٱЦλ̨˵Լ𣿡
ĵķҶĳȲͬʫ飬ȺֹһȻŷ
һ·Ҷʶ˵ţҶҲò硣
֮£λӶʱԵͬһ㣬Ŀ˵ŮҲ򷽳ǲ
ĹЦСף㻹Զˣ
Ŀ¶׹⣬סǣסŭС㣬⼸߰˺ȥ
ŮӣҾ۱իӭ㣬뿪
Ӵ˴ƺԼĶ䣬־ŭݺݵǾ۱իһȺǶ⣬ǿҽչǣΪ⼸кһƭӣ㾹ȻߣǾ۱ի벻ݿȥ
ŮҲŭһһԪʱ𣬴Ӵ¥ȥߵǼҲ˵ִ󻰣ȥú÷ʡһ£
˵գŮ֣ЦˣҪ˼Ҷ֣
ҶĿ¶ɫλǹԪΪû뵽ȴŮǰֵҲûУɼΪߡ
ĿѿλŮѽӶȥõһּΪصַԪڣԪԪͳͳѹƣȻλӵױӳ
ٻݵؽ翪ɣΪأӵŮҲΪͱǴ˼꣬ΪȴﵽԪڡ֮󣬸ֱҵȷǰˣ
ŮһЦλĶױ
ҶҡͷЦС㣬ױЩУʾ۱իױûУ
ŮҲ֪һȥЦǵ¯ңλѡһںõ¯¯СʽУõľͭ죬ڻɽҲڻ
Ҷȥֻڷһڿ¯е¯еǶҲмʿѡ
Ե¯ĺûһϲͨ嶾ȴ˼ּΪصĵ޻һҲáС㣬ĸ¯󣿡
Ů۾һæߵһڴͭǰЦԧﶦڶĲУһصͭõǷ󡭡
δ꣬Ҷһڴ¥֮УȻҪˣ
Ůһ漴ЩȻĵԧﶦȻ󣬵һŶ顭
ԱһڿߣҶƴֻ֣ģõģ۾Ҳգ㽫ԧﶦ£ҡͷ񡭡
ĺٺЦٱѧǾпڸˣҪƵĵҩǶԣʵһ
ԣҡҡͷֻ񡭡
æλĿ䵤ʦŷ
ŷԧﶦôҶʵ
ŷ̧ͷһۣҡͷû⣬õĶϳ˵ĲϣеȷҲһصͭǿڶ̥ɫأһ֪ԭΪﵽĵڣûдǵԪ¯ԭһױ
̾ϢһϧԭԪʧܣԷٶױҲԪըȫʧһڷ϶ֻױΪؼǣΪһͭΪ߶澳ԪڣҲֻǸ׼ȶѣҩ㲻ǲʲô
ڶľŮҲŷȴͨ۲죬˵߰˰ˣȻǼʶˡ
Ϊ˵ǲŷҲý͡
ҶһԶԶҵļӳ֣Ϊڣһ¯ֲ߹黯ȿֲ׷ҼӥҲ붦У
û뵽µԧﶦȻһλڵʿԪõ¯


102 ײʮ
ԧﶦȻѾ𻵣ҶҲ£ʿ¯㱻ԭΣƷ׽ΪױҲǷͬСɣֵԶԶͨ¯ָܻĿһޱǿױ
ҶŷлҲ񣬾һ䣬ҡͷֱ֮ҲǺ֣
ϼһԴ۾棬Ŀڶ˵ô壡
ŭһŮС㣬ΪβҲȥ
ŮЦŷϾĿ䣬ôҲҪһӡ֣ȥҲǲɡ
ŷ⻰һģЩæ¥ȥˣĵ⼸ֻʲôͷôҲ
ҶѡһڵѾ۱ի¥ļ꣬ûҵĶ¥ǴױĵطױûжȤ뷽˶ױҲȤȱȱ
ŮֻڵаڶļֵȲ϶飬ֻ´޷ˡ
۱իݴôͷûб漷壬ľۣͯ˿ûҪ鱨۸񣬰Ѷƭ֡
Ҷ¥ȥŮæߵ긾ǰ˵䡣
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Ǹ۾һͷŮŮһãȻҡҡͷδ˵
ҶЩʧǳԪžʯСǶ΢еǶ΢󷨵ıر֮ֻеõֿܲǶ΢󷨡
ġƬ̣ЦǾ۱իܹŪǳԪžʯСܵһʴ⡣ʦֵˣһףʮŶ飡
嶾öʮĿ飬һ͸ǣҶһš
һףʮš
Ǹ־ϲЦܵõЩ飬´εᣬǰٻԴͷɽȺСĽҲҪĳ
ŮΪЦ԰֮ǻԷɽϣǰٻͬһ㣬ЩСˣ
ʴ޷̻عʾλʦܣ⼸ղ뿪ݰգ
ҶЦʦֵܼ˴Ǹ٣⼸նݡף֪ͨһɡ˵գ뷽߳۱ի
Ҷո߳۱իһæλ嶾̵ĸͣҼѾھ¥Ԥ¾ϯΪλӷϴλ͸档
ҶġһۣЦλֵܣǰ·
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ҶġһС飬ĵٱλǣ֪ʲô˼ֻİǵ嶾̵ӣЩˡ
ҧµҲò嶾̵ͷĴҡײƭˣǿ϶òҲ̶ã
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣˵Ϊⱻ˲𴩣аʮײʮ
֣صͷ
λ֣۱ի֮Ǵ㻻ЩʲôҶʵ㻻ȡǳԪžʯȴ֪ķʲô뷨
ʲôҲҪֻλҼǰٻ
üۣٺЦ˵ٻȫŮӣįνͷܼһ˶ӳǰҼүӾͶ˵İǲˣܼҿ֦ɢҶͽˣǵŮӡ
ܼҵĶå
Ҷаһ䣬򷽳
һЦԭŷɣɭȻҴ㻻һٸԪڵĸ֣һͣÿͳһҵѪħԪ󷨣һٸԪڸֳ꣬ұԳΪ澳ǿߣ
Ĳ˸ս˵ٻٻЩЦ˼⻰ȴǳ׵׵Ļ
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¥¥ӭЦλ嶾̸ԶδԶӭرΪλϴ룡
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һ亹ײгԵ嶾һҲȥⳡӦжѪȣ
ҶЦλʦֵǲɾƵģӺβǶ
͵͵һ亹ﻹȰƣЦֵȾ£ˣˣ
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ɶ˶񣬳һҾأЦи֮룬ҵٵ뼸λֶൣһЩܲɱ˱㲻ɱˣ
ҶæɫˣʦֵܶʵˣǣԵ·ˣڡǣ̣ȲѲŻԾһ
Ци̵嶾̶⣬㲻ȥǱ˱˾Ѿˣĸǣ˵Ǿˣмţ


103 ɱһ
Ҷˡ̸ͻȻֻ¥´ӵһ٣ȷ¥ϣ
Сĸ
Ƭֻ̣һͷ𻷵Ůżʿڳ¥ֱԶԶȵ磬һŮһ˵գԴŸУһʿ̽ͷҶһۣǣ
ʫסǼͷĻָʹȵһϣ⼸ͳͳɱˣʬڳ⣬ʬʾڣ
ɳȵʫǸʲôҶֵΪĹͣڣݲ֣
ʫᣬŭ磬Щ޷졭
ȥ
ʫ˴е磬ҡ
ͷ綷ɫתȥؼҺʡһ£ǰʫߣ˵Ļᡣ
ҶҲ֣֪ԼʲôطλĿ
ǸȻλֵС㱻軵ˣҵҲͷۡ
СŮеСƢҲ
Ҷɵ˵˵ЦЦԸղŵֲֻᡣ˿ûӵļӣΪϳɣ°磬ԹҲɫܳ
⼸λСڣɽ˵ܺĴ˵ƽƽа
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Ҷʱֻһߴ͵ſߵ¥£Ӧþ࣬档
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ҶЦҦȵͷʾ⣬΢΢Ҧȱǿкһ嶾̸٣Ȼֻ⼸ֻԪڵСèСǺᣡ
ҶĿ΢΢һҦȵΪȷǸ˲٣ҲֻǹԪڣ֪ļֻè
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ҦȲ֪˽ȥʱȻŭ
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һֻǳ˿˵Ĺһصޣڤ֮䣬ܹ
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ʦֳ֣⼸ֻ߹СּܶҲˣһϳëĴЦȻҶˣЦ⼸λԡɱһš嶾̸֣ȼ󣬾ɱ
ҶһҲЩŭɱܹͨңȴ޷͹ڵĵӣЩʦţΪߣǵӣһ
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ʦܣɽʱල㣬֮ŪѪɺӣʦǰҲý
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ʱҲﻢ£ǲҶ˽֣˵嶾̣
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˻æЦλʦţα£ҸٵҲ١
Ҧ˿ɢȥ׷ЦǶ죡óʲô񣡡
¼ҲЦҵҲ뿴嶾óʲôҶ䣡
Ц׷ɢȥ֣Сӣ֮ѵô嶾̵һר˿סֹȾƣ


104 ˵
ǱӣҶջȥС͵ǰ˼̫࣬ᣬᱻ˳ЦһǵʮǰʮǴΣٻ׸һһٶͷ
ĺٱλ͸ľʲôɷóǿ۽磿
Ҷһ£ҲʮֺҶ˼ľʲôȡУ򿪿ʱ΢΢һ
ֻֻһѩ׵ĵҩɢŵ㣬˲ɾһˬ
ǡġ˴ͷʱĿɿڴ˵
ֻŵҩ۴СйȥҩһŮ裬ɣ
ŵҩ·͹еһģһգգ۾Ц
Ҳûмֻ˵Ӧöҩа˾ŷơ
ĿŵҩĪǾǰٻ͸ǿţ
ɫҲˣЩŤЦӦûôɰɣ
ҶЦϣ϶ֹһţĻôɾ˶ߵǿš
Ц䣬
Ҷֽ𣬶¥֮УĬĬ˼
ִˣͳȥƱػȻ󲨡ʱ򼴱嶾̵ͷҲסǣѵҪԽһΣ
Ҷ¶ЦڿûӥǿߣҲԽƫƧ֮أ߻ӣвпɥ
ȿȣͻȻһҪ£ȥ죡Ҳ뵽֮æתߡ
һһңм䣬΢ЦϸʲôҪ£ҲԴһ
Ҷ˲뿪ҲȻæĵλСڣ嶾̣϶ңǷһ
Ҷο֪һϸ磬Ʋϵˡ
ɫ࣬üչϷˣȽһȣ˭뵽Ȼ嶾̰͵ȥ嶾ְöҩ˻ǵϷСǳױˡ
ٱҪͳȥ
ҶδشͻȻֻһʴ̧ͷȥֻͷףһƬƬɫ
һһֻ˶İ׺ݳǣǰƮİŮỨӿзɹһ·۱իϷ
ٻȻԼݵĲС
¶֮ɫ漴ͻȻ뵽ٻ֮ݣֻ²٣Ϊ⼸СӶ
Ҷһ⣬ЦֻҪͰٻǣϹϵұͶˣ
δ䣬ͻȻ۳һƬںڵƣֻдһЦٻȺСҷɣѵͲ߹⣿ǷɵõһЩǵС׿㶼⣡
ţ죡
۱իдһȣͻȻɳһֻϸƣָ֬ٲȻÿָͷ·һ㣬ӭһΣɷԲĶСȴ׷ֵԪ۶ɣȥ
صģţɲ㣡дһȣۻһֻ˶ţͷȻϸײȥ
ֻͻȻһָͷ赭дţͷüģһ˿
⣡
жʱһҽУֻһ۾Ӱе׹ݳУҵһƬݣֵüɹ
ţʦ壬ˣӰɣӰ׹ĵطȥȴµļˡ
۾Ӱǿޱȣûܵ˿˺ӷȴһ׳Ǽˣ΢΢һȵԭ⼸Сӣ˭˵ȥұɱ˭
Ǽ˿վߡ
ҶȥֻǺĴĿͭ壬ͷһԼǣȻҲɾ
ͷɨһۣΧָָ࣬㣬ʱ죬ȵɢˣųһδʲôɿģ
Ⱥɢһ˿Цţʦ壬αʦͷߣ

׳һۣȥûܿٻСǵС׿㣬ٵ󣬰ȥɽҪЩСǵС׿㣬ʲôɫʲôҲûȴҲ˵ٺ٣˭Ȥ
Ǽ˻æҡͷ׳ѵûϢڰߣֱǶţ棡ȥ磡
ҶıӰĵͷǸֻ֣ӥһȼǿߡ
ϸݳǲμٵĸ֣ԽԽ̶࣬һʱ䣬˸ϵ߲׷߼Ԧױ׷Уݸҵļ
䣬Ҷһһϸ˵ЩҴ󷧵
Ҷ񲻽ݣݳֻҶܡ׻ңݵȴݶ
ͻȻһƮдǺ֮Ʋҵ˴ģȴǹڵĸ֣رҦ˵Ĺһǿé١
ԶҦȸéʦ壬
ųֻһ߸ݵӰӿ£ͷһԪֻ֮һôԪ֮ƮƮȥ
Ҧæǰ񣬱ǴҲԴ˿Ϳ
ɫ΢䣬Ҷϵܣ嶾̣ѵûи˵ڵر˵ûǳ֣
Ҷ̾ϢһпЦ嶾̵ĸֵһҪ⼸ðƵӡ
ҦȿҶߣé˵˼䡣
éЦȣ㵨ԽԽСˣ⼸嶾̵һ㣬㾡֣ܳʦ㶥ţɱһţɱ嶾ҹڣ
ΪҶڶУһ
ٱô죿
Ҳû˷磬éҶ˼ӥһȼǿߣҦȵΪҲ߳࣬˿嶾̵ͷҲòôãҲЩ
ô죿
ҶĿԽԽȡһ޻Цȴ˵


105 
嶾ܹõö޻ʱġÿһţ뷽⼸öҩûзϣҶյԼ¥С
޻ҩԣһֻ֪֪޻һܹʿǻޣޱǿĵҩ
ҦȴҶЦ嶾̵ʦ֣˵ƺȵԽԽ費ҪȾƣ
éվԶ޿֣ԪᣬѸγһͷƤǣʿĻǣɭɭ
Ҷȡǿɫ޻һͷëԳϷˮöҩУ£֣ȥ۱իаٻ򣬹ڵ˲ô
үأл֣̿
ߣСӶд㣡
Ҷ뿪˿
ǵȷðְţ뿪֮󣬷ʩչ
ܱ嶾صĵҩ϶ͬСɣ
󶨣߶ҩ嶾ˣΪԪ̥ĸУΪڳȡʮɽλ֣µĵҩɡ
ҦЦСӣĲҪȾƣƷ裿
é΢΢üȣôϻɱʦһҪȥ
ҶҦȥɱ㻹úȾƣ
ҦĹʵԽԽأӭҶЦ㣬ȥѰǼСһĻ
Ҷһ£δо˿ڶʱֻһɱԪȳ
ʱԪѾɢ֫ٺž𶯣
Ĳ£ȫֹǣƤѪܸ飬ֲ֯쳣
ǰߵ岽Ȼθ磬θһߣ߲ҶѾȸղͷĺ׳Ҫߴǿ׳
ڰ˲£Ѿͬһˣ鼡ⱥݷ̸ᣬ׳ǳ

Ȼŵ÷飬ЬҲʵĽűѣ͹Ŀݣ˫ĿݷһֻŭıԳ
ͷԳ߽ף֮׳Ŀ࣡
ҶھŲԪȻͣΪһ·ͻǣԪƷƷƷ
¡
ԪһգȼգգۼԪڣӹԪһƷʮʱ嵽ԪƷٴξ䣬֣ҫ
ԶԶȥ˻㱼ȫһָߴ׵գȼգ
ԪࣳײΪ˲ԪƷΪ桢Ԫף
ͻȻӿһ޴ˮˣȵסˮȣȴҶԳӶԳ츳ܹݴˮ
ö޻̲صҩֲĿ£ֻΪһ·ǣ澳
ΪʿԪ޵Ԫ޻ṩҶڱһͷ
ڵԪȷڣˮԽԽԽԽߣеʮ׵ĸ߶ȣֻӿױȵƺɽ
ÿǰ߳һ±Զγһˣס
é۾ʱֱˣǰĵɫһɨգɫޱѿ૵嶾̵ĵؼ鵤ýëˮԳľ꣬ɵıԳѵС嶾̵ĺĵӣ鵤С
ҦҲ۾ֱЦСӣʲô׷㣬ٴҲûãҪҵĹУ
ҶţֻһɱɱϢӿԺ̲סһޱǿҵƻ޲ðǰһͳͳΪƽأ
ҦȼԼȻŭ̲ݹҶȥĹҲΪӴ󣬵ҶǰֱһС㣬δҶߣ㱻ȵ÷飡
éɫ䣬æȵȣ㣡
Ҷ⵽Ĺһ˿ǳʧױǹɱ֮ƣ˫ĿѪ죬һȭȥȭͷ£Ҧȵ¥͵¥Ȼȭͷֱ飡
ʦң
ҦɫҰףæߺȭͷ£ֱӽҳһ
һȭڵϣʯ·ɳȻһԲʮ׵ľ޿ӣ
ΧķݺȻͬһݶܸеǿҵУ
éδü֣Ҧȱⶾ֣Цɱʦֶ嶾̺ĵӣҲɣ
һץͷǰôץУôɲ֪ٸ˵ͷǴɣӭһôʱޱȾ޴ֽΪֻãֱֽУҶȥ
ЩÿߴС˵ҶϱҧЩݷѾãױܽͬȼʿ˺飬˵ҶϣȴֻҧһѪۣû˺Ƥ⣡
ֻΧҶ·ɣɣԶԶȥͬһŴΧһͷԳ
Ҷ˿ѾǾʧëˮԳƣŭһˮһ𣬱㽫Щɣ
˫éȥſ¶֮ݣ

éŭͷȻޱȾԪͬ£Ȼһͷ߳忪Ҷȥ
ĹҦȵĹͬնֳХҶͷ£

Ҷͷһ춯صľ죬漴߸ߵ𣬾Ȼûܵ˿ˣ
éŭȣеôٴҶȥ
ҶŭСɽȭͷݺҹȥéҽһһȭҵüһ·ײ֪ټ䷿ݣ
ˣүһǵһγôĿ
ѪԾĿ׺ݣȥǵѪ
éŭǵһǱοԷֻǸԪڵСʿȻˡ
ոһ޴ӰˮӸ߿պȻѹ£
éæ¥ޱߴˮȻ׹䣬ѹѪ漴һֻ˶ȭͷ¥֮ϣ۵һ͸¥ҵ÷飡
éҶһȭϣٴѪɳ
ʲôˣݶ֣
ۻż˳ȴΧļҵļ׷׿ȥֻһֻëԳˮڵé׷ȥ
ǽëԳǰһ±о棬һûԳȻԾ˫ֱһé崸ȥ
㣡ëˮԳ
Ǽҵļɫ䣬һæȵסٱƻȥݶᱻˣ
ĵ˸ոն۱ի֮УΣɶ˿૵ٱδˡ


106 
ҶʱѱԳƣеƻŴŭסéӰţһ·˴
é˿̻ȻûǰİûѪоôܣ嶾̵ĺĵӣҲӵǿ޻Ϊҩǿ޻ôûб
޻ǳȡ޵ľ꣬ʮϡҩһƵĵҩ嶾̵Ķؼʲôȼ޾Ƶĵҩºӵֻ޵ʵΪ
ֵҩƵĳɹʼͣҩЧʵ̫ǿΪ΢ʿ޻пܱ񱩵Ԫű
һη޻İȫΧԱΪ߳һ󾳽磬̫࣬пܱ
嶾̵ĵ޻Ҳ󲿷ֵӶ޻ı̬嶾̵ҪɺԷýëˮԳƵıԳݴˮᴩ
ǷУƵ𻯵˫ߡ
ҶȴǽԳսŵҩΪ߳ĸ󾳽磬ʮС磬ԪڡԪڡ澳ԪڣΪһ澳ڣ
é˿ֻߣȴҶһץסڵϣСɽȭͷȥ
ݰ˴ҵļæδǽëԳȭסéȥ㣡㡭
һȭȭȭ
ÿһȭ£涼ھҲ
ȥˣٴȥé㱻ڽ
éͷëˮԳֻҲˮû
˿Ȼû˼ֵҶ߹֮ˮ£³ײڣ
һλҵļǰȥŭһԪһֻ֣Ҷץȥ
ֻֻδҶȻͷ˫ĿѪһȭȣˮһֻȭͷֻԪĴ֣ʱִֻѣ
ֻˮȭͷֱײݺλϣʱɳףѪ䵽һ˼ҵԺУҳһӣ
ҵļˣ
ͷëˮԳҾͨ׷һ㽫ҵļˣСģ
λҼƽϿУĨȥǵѪڵéѾ⽴ˣ
仰˵ʱһƬȻ
éΪε֮ߣЩ£ǹڵĸ֣ǧ׷ױȻͷëˮԳȭͷӲ
é˭ãƫƫȥͷҲǻã
һ֣콫ѹҪˮݣ
ʣߴҵļһӵϣ׷ҶȥԶԶԵױ۵ıһڴӡɵ֮УԽԽͬһڵĹײģҶȥ
˵ױҲвͬ׷׼𣬺ХҶѹȥ
ҶеıԽԽʢȻŭ˫һغȻ𶯣ʱѿˮ𣬼ʮɣͬŭצӭ߼ױ
ˮը߼ױҲԷɣС
Ҷһ˫ϥףȻԾաոտʼ׹һˮӳгס
Ҷڿɣһλ׷ȥÿһ£һˮԶˮ׷ɢдˮø
񣬷лˮԽ࣬Խܷʵ
ëˮԳˮϵޣˮеߣеʱԽеĴˮԽ࣬ݱˮǽëˮԳ״֮ʱ
ߴ׷ҶȥҵļҲ˲ƣ֣
ɼ˿ֲΣ˸ս˿δظ罫ҶҦȡé˵ĳͻֻǹ˼Լûǰ
Ƴĵվھ۱իǰæ߹ȥ֣֣Ҷκ˶پƣ
ҲջĿ⣬Цȵòֻ࣬ж
ƱײгҶ־ǳʮҾơɴ˴ִ˸ս
򷽳ɫߵֹû뵽޻ٱﻹţֻ
Ҳ澳ǿ߶ܴ޻ļֵױ֮ϣ
ϧֻš
ѾǴˣٱֻҲⲻ˱Ǩŭ
飬ͻȻһ󺰣ҵļҲˣ
Ҽһȭȣ
⣡ҵļٴ֣֪
޻ôͣٱôҲֵˣ
űԳҩӣݳеĻˮԽԽ࣬ҶʵҲּԽԽ󣬼ɽ֮ƣ
ݰ˴ҵļ۰һ˿ֻ֧ܿţ
Щʵǿû̶ֳȣûм޴ȡëˮԳּĴˮֻҶԽսԽͣ
˳һͷڣۣ룬òŭ
һȴǸղűٻĺ׳Ŀͭ壬סҶӰ¶ԾԾԵ̬
ʣһǸӣһ˲ţͬһʫ˽
ͷëˮԳǹ̵ĵӰգ
ɫӵù̵λ׷ͨͿ̿
й֮ºЦ֪Ƿ޻廯ޣȴ׷ͨڣ޻ҩЧֻһӣһҩʧ
ոݣ֪ȴҶ֣Գƻéݰ˴ҼǱҲһ⣬ͬʱЩƣС˭ô֪嶾̣ȵ˲š


107 ѹ
嶾̺аԵϳõħ̣ԽţԽݣΪԽϲ
֮Ļŭţȴ˿ɴЩɫ˿ֻΪΪ̫󣬱ԳǣǰҲᱻֻеȵҩƽŻָǡʱ֮ض
˵ȴֻСǸ˲ţֵֿ࣡ȭéҲ޷쵽嶾̾һۣҪݣֻǣô֪ƽ̻ӣ٣
иƵȴǣҶñԳΪ̫ʮС磬Ȼûб񱩵Ԫŵñ
ⲻ֪Ҷ˾תԪ֮ǿͨʿǿӲסԳ񱩵Ԫһ
֮ԪҶëˮԳǿȱ㽫̶Ԫܣ˿ֲƣ
ҪתԪĥ㹻ǿᣬˣԪƷҲᱻ񱩵Ԫű
Ҷ֪޻˿ֲĸãֻűԳʱҲҪƬ̡
ɫ΢䣬֮˵ֻҪ֪Ҷݴһɱé˶λҵļôҲһ
˵嶾̻̣Ȼˣ
Цһʱ䣬Ϊƽأûа취ôСֻٻ֣ɱ
Ҳһλ֣Ҷ˼Ϊ˸ҶˣҹǧǱսһˣɼʵҪʤһҶĽëˮԳսԼǶ֡
λ׳ͻȻЦòŰٻ֣ǽţ԰쵽ǰã͸һСףϴȥ޸ͣʾ׷ſ˿ƶɵı
дϲȴҶֽ˴ҵļ˼ˣ׶쳣æ͵֣ܳԳ
Ǻ׳һͷţΪȡΪţTfuȡԡţﱼTأchangheϹʫ䣬ǷŴζƳ
ʫ飬ȤͷţȻûѧ֣Ұ³ֽȻͬ
ţTĿף¶׳ϰǰһƬŨܵĺɫëʱܳǺЦë۷񣿵ţë˲С֣ϴ޸һͷСëԵߵ
һ񺮣֪һǸˣûûأٻҲҵϷ
̧ۿȥֻҶ˿̱ǰͼ֣ץסһλһٿŹ˵Ĺױ׷ϣ
ͷţڴԼëаĭ׷ɡ
æһȵ͵ٲ֣żҵļҪˣ
ţTǺһЦԾûй񫣬лǧٰ㹴СֶΣϸģɴ𣡡
죬׷ɵУֻԽһɫ˿ߴӿмգۼγһɫӣסԲΧ籡ɴҶȥͷס
ƵױɴʣƽʱһСףһ𣬱ữʣס
ɴ̺ţTԪͬëˮԳĴˮһסܲ͸磡
żҵļҶñˣ˿ҲУɾȵҳȥ
Ҷ񿪿˫鱧ֻֻ֮γһ޴ˮԾżҼͷ£
ӣ
żҵļɫҵͻȻɫѿһ϶æͷȥֻɴʾԺ£Ҷ񻳱ˮ򣬺ȻڴϣˮĽɴһȴʼղƣ
ţT߶ԪɴʶʱСëˮԳȥ㽫Ҷܡ
ױСޣһСףֱҶϣסã
ſ˿ױƵ˼룬μ޸ֶ̾ѡ
ҶȻ˿ģëˮԳı֮ͷԣҲΣѣһ٣һˮ˷ײȥɴײþҲ
ţTŭһ߶ԪƴѹƣֻɴʼСֻзԲʮĶ
˿̣еĿռҶӴ˵ѾЩСٹƬ̣᳹ûжأ
أ
ҶͻȻСɽȭͷɴϣţTѪڣ
أأأ
ҶһȭһȭȥȻɴٴαƿΧԽԽ
⣬˵ȰţҪ٣ֻסţTн
ȴҶͻȻŭ˫ץסɴ˺ţTɫ΢䣬ȵҿѹסˣһ֮
˼ƸסĺģԪԴԴע룬ֶԸһСԾҲ˲࣬ʱɴʸСգۼСһĶ֮أ
Ҷ񱻱ƵˣռԽԽխ˻𣬺춯أֱһִĽ縡ֲֳ߾ȫ˺ױ

ǼɴڳܲסľӲ˺ҶԾգ˫ĿжʱӿһƬƬˮͬһƬʮĺڿУֱѹǣû
սһ̣ëˮԳˮаĸڳ¶
ҵСףͷţҽһæٻɴʣֻױ˺һӣ۲ѡ
ȴٴУŵĶеƬֻԽԽȻëˮԳ׶ŭ׼ˮݣ
빬֣Գϣ
λҵļҲ۱ի֣빬֣ɱⲣ


108 
ҶЩҵļû˿Ƣÿ˶ϴˣµţT֣Ҳ޿κΣɴ˺
˿̣ҶˮݳϿգͬһƬˮݣǰձϺ
ΨһѹסģֻаٻĹߺȡ
λ辪šֻǱëˮԳסǣΪñ
۱իдһŵֻһֻѩھ۱իϿγɣһаİָҶͷȥ
ָʿԪɣ˿˼󣬻Ҷȥ
ëˮԳָɵ֣ŭһƬƬˮĻԼסˮӿγһ޴С
ࣣࣣࣣ
̴ָͬ֬ˮĻҶͷһ㣬漴˻ȥ
Ҷվڰ֮Уٻһָûֺֻǽ޻еĽëˮԳӲĨɱָǡ
˿ղűʱΪֻͬڳޱȵԪ룬һݻָ׷ȫ˵ﵽĳľ磡
ëˮԳˮа˿ҶԳоԼˮƺױȵиС
ƺֻҪ΢΢һޱߴˮԪˮϣָ׷
ö޻Ϊ۽Ҳǰ޷ĸ߶ȣܹվ澳ڵĸ߶ȣȥԼǰѧ
һľ磬ֻԼ·ƿһУһУ
ΪؼǣԪһϴеʣͨһһؿ
ζţֻҪΪﵽеκιؿһ·߸裬澳֮ǰľУûκ谭
ö޻Ϊ״ͨһͨڵĿׯ°빦
ҶͷƬɢȥȻԳǣȻʲһУֻ޷Լɱ¾ƻѡ
˿̵ݳһƬǽ壬ķݣлˮûϥǣЩΡ
һΣҪ±Գéɱ
ݰ˴ҵļɢȥƣһۣҶȥĿɭȻ
Сӣݣݰ˴ҵļˣ˿ӣ
ˮݣʹаʧ
Сƻٵ嶾ļϸ֣
ɱƽߣɱͷ֮
Ҷ΢΢üֻݰ˴׻ҵļٴνΧסɱڡ
ţTһǰһס嶾̹֮Ŀ˸Ц°һЩҪ֡λ˴ݣݵ澡ʧʿͳͳû棬ֻ˵ȥ
֮һ⣬Цţ֣ˣҹĳֲǲ֮ˣҽ̵ӷ´ĳȻƫ̻
Խ˵ţTԽ֪϶Ķɱʱʱʹɱ֣ԮҶ
嶾̵ļһǳĻ̣ҹ֮۸黫թ⣬㼫пܻᱻ㣡
뵽ǺЦǧΪС٣СǸмԸ㶯֣˺Ҫҡ
֮΢ЦĳжúܣȻ򲻻Ϊһ֮ˣ֣ƻҵĽ顣ĳĵǣλ嶾̵õ޻ҩδʧݰ˴ҵļǲĶ֡
˵ԽǺԽҷɣЦġٻѾ޻ѹûнëˮԳսʶ˿ڵΪȴӲ
֮Ҳ֪ٻëˮԳսʶĨɱҶ˿̵սֻ·ӲԭɣЦеαؿơ
аԷݣȺ쵰ĸɱҽ˲ţұ̻ɽʾҽ̱չصЩϹѪϴݣ
Ҷ¿ȥֻ˴׻ҵļԼױ׼һɱ΢΢üҪɱң
ϻɣҵļ˿Ѫ̵ŭȵ
Щ㱻Ҷ񱩴ֲҼ¥Լ¥һȭ飬涪һɶеŭ֪
Сӣ˻㣡㲻ݣҵļһȭ˫ȣ˿ΪǿУŭ
ҵļһȭţݾ飬׵ͬһңŭˣˣ
Ȼ˵˶˼ȴ˵ɱ㣬ƽߣ
ҶĿԵУ̾ϢһдȣȻǲŹңǾ͹ֲĺˣ𣡡
˫һָŭţ·ץȥԪɢֻеĻˮХ𣬵ջһԣצ׶쳣ɢһɹϢ
Щףжʮɢֲ
ʮ᳤գϿ裬֮˷˻㱼ͬϹģ
ԳҩЧδʧҶͬԳһˮ֮ϣֱݸҵļŭҲɱ䣬Ǳң
һ׾ᣬϿлһѰѾ޼֮ʢļ£
ʮѽ׳̵ˮţTҲֱ̯һѣ
Ҷ˿ѹȫǣ׼Щͳͳһ򾡣
ͷ亹Ҳ䤱Ҷ˭Ҳ뵽ҶսʶȻȽëˮԳҪǿᣡ
ǽëˮԳսʶпԿ⣬ʱҶʶȻȸղŻҪ׺˭Ҳûаܹһ
Сֻ¼ܻ澳ڣֻͬȾʿûһ˻Ķ֣
ͷ£˲öԸ֮תˮĵѵȺۣһҪͳͳһСУȫû
˲Ű
֮зŹ⣬̲סЦжݺݵЩͳͳҽ̱̲ݣ·ֶˣ
۱իдһ̾ϢֻٻŵЦλͷαλͽ⣬Σ
˵գ۱իһ黺𣬴ᣬɢ׵Ĺԡ
ǿͬ˵࣬·һ̥̣̲
֮ƺĪĿռ䣬΢΢һΣͻȻһѿ֦ɢҶ֮һĶˣΧɱһɨա
һ̣ԪޱȳأҶˮҲɢˮɣ


109 ܼ
ʿԪ̥Ԫ̥Ԫ
ٻΪ̥ΪԪۿɼ
֮˼Σ΢΢һһۣڵԸĳȲҲӡ
ţTö֮еҲһֹصСƤϴ޸ʱˡϴ̥Ĥ̥ڣԪΪ̥ΪոմﵽĤ̥Ʒѡ˿СƤȻѾԪ뿪ϸ׹Ĥ̥֮У˻̥һʱ䣬Ĥ̥ƷĸС磬̥һƷʣѰѹҲмӣ
֮Ŀ˸о֣ʿʵȷʵСٻɻ̥ҽ֮УֻнǼλչصϹƥС
ݸҵļ׷׽䣬ĬĬ
ٻûгֻ֣ǼԼĻ̥Ⱥ֡
ҶҲˮͷ䵽ϣжλٻĹ֡
ٻʵֻ嶾޼ǿƥѹܶһɣΪ
ʶĸԽ࣬Խ֪е·ϵļ澳ڵʿܹﵽٻ̶ֳȵˣȴ֮٣Щһ֮ţ޿иԵļܹ̤е۷壬Ⱥۡ
ͻȻҶоһҲڻԭȴ޻ҩɢɾӽëˮԳָ̬Ŀ
ޱȰԵϳ룬΢Щʡ
ŵã²塣
Ҷ񵱼¥ȡһϮϡ
Ǵ״ģȻһʮꡭ
ΪԪڣһָͷ
ݰ˴׻ҵļĿ¶֮ɫǴ˴ҶѪսһεǱȴû뵽ЩˮݣͳͳնɱˣȻֻһ֮꣡
Խܡ
ҶǸ룬һ׳пǿΪԼ١
ҶӱԳعȻǸ꣬ʱǼ
ǱǣΪȻԪڣʿ֮Уͼ
Ϊ˵͵ʿǱǿҲÿһۣ񣬾СʿҪǵ
Ҷǵ𾪣˿ѷڰٻ
ţTǵɴţۣ´ĵ꣬͸С˺СӸͷȴȰţҪ͡
λɱڣҶĿⲻƣ׻ҵ棬˵⣡꣬Ǹ
֮ȴĻŭţԽҶԽ˳ۣݰ˴ҵļΣΣݣͳͳ˷ͷͷģҪ嶾̣һԪڵĵӣܰͳͳſ£Ĵȣ
Խ⣬嶾λӣȴݣ嶾ʿļַ緶ѹֱ˶˵嶾̵磬һС
ʱھ۱իдҶ˵ŮߵҶǰЦҶӣҼҹ롣
Ҷ˿Ц·
˴εôĸ֣Ŀ֮£ҲЩ㷲
ϾЩͳͳһ٣еļλЩ˿ЩΨٶһ޻һ·ˡ
۱իȴûһ˵Ҷ
۱իǰٻĲҵʱаٻ˭Ҳ춯
ţT˫۷Ź⣬۵ĿҶ۱իֹСӺ˵ȻٻأѵΪȰףδаŨܵë
Ҷ߽۱իŮŵ¥
۱իΪĲ㣬۵ıױĲȴдĵطƽЩҵļҲûʸ̤
УҶ̧ۿȥֻǡĵڿϣԱְٻŮ̷
ԵЩִ٣Ż˵
۹۱ǣǹģһǰݵ΢˿̻ǵһμִ
ȴһ̬ĹװŮӸ̸ۣҰգٻжһеӣҲԵЩ֮Ĳ˵仹ҵɫô
ҶһֻۣŮԼʮ꣬ǺЦȴȻĥôڱߵıԵ
ǹװŮĲգҰٻֻŮӡ
ҵŮˣͳˣĺƤЦ
ٻŭɫݺݵĿܴӣа治ҪһѴͣȶײɫĲģҰٻţ۲ݡǿж飬Ͱһˡ
Ů״æǰЦҶˡ˵գ˵һԡ
ٱҶǰʩ񣬵
ǹװŮ˿Ц˵һ׶飬ɷҼʶʶ
ҶȡЩҹ飬ĶҲȡԼǷݶʮš
УЩٻŮ۾ʱֱˣĶЩ飬¶֮ɫ
ٻ۾һЦɺɽЩСˣϴεһŶ԰ڣαһףȥɽҳӣǣ
Ҷ˴ٻγ֣һ˿һɸ˷緶˿ĻҶмֺɣλٻôŶһܼǡ
ԱһλŮЦԣԣҪɽȥҳӣǰٻǰһ̧ͷ
ȥǣ
ٰ֮ǵİٻ񺣵һ㣡
Ů࣬۵Ȼ죬˷쳣
Ҷ񲻽Ȼֹٻɽǰܼǡ


110 ǳԪžʯ
ྲҪ֣ƽǰҰٻ档
ٻһЩṴֻ̊ٻɻҶСֻжʮŶ飬˵ӦжʮĿŲһףʮ¡һţֵҪۿۡ
ҶЩѣѾһ͸ǣǸô꣬ǵһ͹ضϴ͸һöŮ񻹴ͷϣûл鱦Ρ
ﻹһš
ȡҶ͸ǿŶ飬ŵӵҹ͸빬Ҽٻ
ٻϸ۾ͻȻһæס֣һ˿Ԫڣ漴ǵʿ͸ϲЦ컯һ˱ʤĶˣӣˣ㽫ǰ;ҪҰٻˡ
ٻŮƲѣǼٻȵͼӣһ˱ʦ˼ȴԼ׷ķС
ٻκˣ鿴ǵʣŷŮʣȻԶԶڳˣǲɶõˮ¹֮壬ʻҪ˲֪٣
ȻŮûп죬УʿҲ㲻ϣٻҿ϶ĳɾͿ϶ҪԶԶԼ
ʵˣЩϵ׻ҵĴˣͱŴΪӡ
ӵʵˣҳɾҲþˣߴ嶤飬Щ˵ĳɾҲǲΪ֮󣬿ɣͳͳڻ£
翪سλʼʵۣǺ֮壬ħߴУ׵Ļҵ
ٻֻƫһСɣЩϵ׻ңֻ򴫳ǧ֮õŴɣٻǳǳ
ȴðٻıһܹҵĵӳ
ڶ飬ڵڶλ
үǻͷ˿Ҷһڴ
ҶͷЦȻѾӦΪͽ㻹ʦ
֪ǵ뷨һΪΪԼʵ̫ҶֻһȴѾͷ֮ҲܹĵǶҶ󱣻
Դ뿪ݣʶĹͲпᣬҶҲʶԼĲ㣬˰ٻıҲЩġ
ο˿ݾĿԵУҲֻаٻܱ֤ǵİȫ
лϲʦ
ٻиӻϲæվԼΨֱȥЦҴȥ֮λٻҪ֡
֮⣬ȴǰǵڶι
ٻȻ֪Ϊô˵ιλӽһոŵĵӣδ̫һЩ
ķҲĿ¶ɫΪٻÿӶǸ˰ٱǧδ֮λһŵĵӣѵٻͲӲ
ֻҶ֪ٻ¹֮λֻ˩סһ֮⣬ԲΡ
ǰٻԲҲԷˡа
ҶС磬ľתԪҲδǳԪžʯЩ
ٻ΢ЦǳԪžʯϵǳը֮ں׹˼γɵľʯֿＫΪټܹȻȻľۼǲѲϡʿ˵Ҳδϴٰ޸ϣ˳ۣʮͨױ£׼Ұٻɽ󣬱ٻĻҵ
õǳԪžʯ̫С㲼ɽҲԽɽڣһֱٳûж֡Ȼ뻻ԪžʯǱԪžʯеĶ顣
ҶһҲ֪ǳԪžʯļֵȻ֮ߣػһɽŵ󷨲ϡ
СǶ΢ƪеǶ΢󷨣ǳԪžʯ󷨣ǣߵΪ
ɣȴֿػɽţҲʾǶ΢󷨵ڲ֮ͬ
ٻ΢ͷһ¥ɢһɿֲƴϢһ߲⺮¥¥һһ㣬߽ʮɣѾ۱իͱһ
ĵҲ֣Ů˾һܼǣƻԼĲҵҲ⡣
ѹְٻΪôߣԭʱҺС˲֪٣߲⺮¥һǵһμֻٱȡ
뵽Ҷһۣ˵ҶڽʿʱõıǺ¥ȴ֪˭顣
ֱڣ⻹һ޷͵հ
ٻ¥ȡһɫʯֻͷСʯһ֣̽Բ׵ǣھʯѸᣬγһſسظ½룡
һſһſǳ·ʯеǶͳͳ˵䣬ǳΧתɣ
ЩɵǶΪ䣬ǿеǶС
ǳԪžʯǣǶԪԪӲ޷ֻܲһʯͷƲȴǿһǳĺĲ֣֮أָֻ״Сһɡ
ٻԪžʯҶתͷ򷽳üͷ
Щ鲻ҶһˣѾ򷽳һΣ֪ƱҶŵ꣬ȻҪṩһٸԪڵʿ׷
ôȺСӣһһѲ
ٻֻһͷۣϸ룬ȡһöƿС磬ѪħԪ󷨣޷Ǽȡ޻ʿڵѪΪķãȴ߻ħĴѰϣǰһ¯˰ŹԪλΪЩԪܽΪ澳Ҳ߻ħ
ϲæƿ
ٻֿ˿ģĬƬ̣ϸ磬ҰٻǶȻûпܵģ粹㼸ױ
ϸ磿
Ĵ˴Ĳʮ꣬绪ï࣬ˮСһ䣡һ۵ˮ
ٻҺϻҶ֮ǰѾĥЩߣһץ¥۵ļױץֵͿͣ
Ļ˵ٻüëĺ죬¥ȥ
ŮˣǱƢ
վ¥£ֻٻԼһɫСһһɫС죬֪ʲôô
Ƭ̣Ҷ˴¥ȴǰٻŮ¥˵Ц
ͬ˲ͬġ˵Сһҩ裬ûˣٱǿʯͷֲܵɷԣֻӵױϱ£װݣʵʵǸ
ȿȣ嶾̵ĵӣ
һº͵æͷȥֻһʿ֪ʱЦеĿǡ


111 ݶ
˭ĵӣɽʱôûмǣ
֮´ˣԽԽǿģܴʱЩɻ󣺡˵ô֮󣬾ȻһҪɣһЩ
Ҷпһ£ѵˣап࣬һ֮޼ɵаԵð嶾̵ͷ˲𴩣ֻ±⵽ȺΧ
ҶӲͷƤʵλǣ
Ҳϵã
֮΢΢һ¶֮ɫҶ˵ݲɣȴЦúܿģĪǲ嶾̵ĵӣ
ЦÿģҶȴһּΣյĸоܾЦݱһԼĻشԲ⣬ӵɱˣ
ôľ룬һλ׷ֱɱ˵Ļͳͳû˿ֵأ
ɫֱڲ֪Ҷ˾Ȼ嶾̵ӣһȺðƻ
һΪ˴ȣȴ⼸λСҲƭӣˣˣЩңֻ»ҵƤ
ҶԺͷһת֣ͣ˼Ƭ̣ھʵʵ˵ӥ嶾˵һ飬ɫǵõλǰ²֪գ˴Լ嶾̵ĵӣҲȲѡ
֮˰ΣͻȻᣬ૵Ԫ̥δɣԪѾκκΡʱֻҲҪпԪ̥һǵѲ֪˵棬ӵаٻǵʵˣм
пһɫλǰӦ嶾̵ĳϣԪʱɽѰͻƵĻᣬû뵽ȴڰɽСǼȻõλϵ²嶾̵ļӡ˶˲ţԸҽ̣
֮˵ָӼͷһֻϳ棬˿ҶгͣĳѪϣƷƳ棬Ϊѵá¹ʱһ˷ʤҽ̵ҽ̣ˡ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ϰִеˣһ֮٩٩̸һȴĳѪϸڹ֮ϣ֮ҪɱǣѪϱ
û뵽ĳѪϻǱ֣ͬһֻСӣ׾ٱ
ĹƳ棬ûԶԶס澳ʿ𣬱һգữΪҽ
֮ſĳѪϣЦڸѡҪôҽ̣Ҫô
ָ΢΢һҶֻͷʱֻһֻֻƳзϡ֩롢ɶ꣬һСĴָϸߣ֪ʱУ
뷽ҲˣһֻֻƳĿ֮࣬˴Ŀģ
ҲܵŴһ໨סļͷϸϸͷɽӣŵ߻겻塣
֮¹ƵֶΣӰ٣ԶҶ֮ϣ׾ٱ㽫ǿƣȻһЦ붯ɱˣǰٻҲסǣ
ҶġһۣЦǻеѡô
֮һ񣬻˹Ƴ棬ЦȻˣǱһˡչˣ֮ǼȻǳϵ²ˣزͣһʦֱɡλɽ֮ұΪѡһλʦᵢǵǰ̡
֮ѭѭգЦ嶾̣ôࡣҽͷ죬Ĳ׷ʵжôǿ󣬶ŽѰеһġ嶾̣Ǵһϣһѷ䣬̵ľ˶ڣ汻۸ɽߺһͷ
ǽ˵һ仰ǣͬҪ񴺷һůԵҪ񺮶һпᡭ

Ҷֹ׵ɣǺڰ
֮˵Ƿһ̵ɣ˵ʢˣе˵һֵиıܷۡ
ο嶾̵İԵ£ҲܶҶǵθڡ
ȻǳΪʿ»ηηβǶԲԼѧ
̸֮Ƭ֮ҶҲλ嶾ʿøС
֮ȻǵͬţǾ̸޹˼ɣЦ٣ٹұɽҴеĿģ٣һǾݵĵؽ磬嶾̵ķֶ档Ѿ׵ɽ嶾ֶ档һɽ֮󣬷ֶ治û˴Ҹסӵˣһְ
˵֮տڲԡ
ĺͷһۣĿҶϡ

ҶʧЦʦ֣Цҽݰ˴ҵļͳͳһ٣Ĵ٣ЩˮݣݷֶĶֻµڶᱻ˳ϳ
֮ЦеΪ㽫˴ҵļͳͳһ٣֮λĪ
ҲЦٱֻסͱƴˣ
Ҳ¶Ц⣬ȷʵˡٱݣȹҪ
֮Ȼ¾ôˣ嶾ڱݵʿûм˵Ҷ㣬Ҳֻշ㣡һɽ֮λӣɽ
Ҷǿͬ⣬ΪԪƷԪڻһβСľ룬ײʿݷֶĶȷԵ̫ˡ
֮֮λӣ˿
գ٣֮һ٣һû
һԪڵСʿֶĶĪ嶾ûˣ쿪֮䣬һλҵļЦ
ҶȥȴǱʹŹһĶҼ˿̱ףһˬĿ
֮ҲٷЦĿŶҼĻ뿴Ҷµ


112 ݶ
˿̱󲿷ʿڵضСܵҽģҲݰ˴ңԼٻڡ޸嶾Щѡ
йéҦȣѾҶɱˡٻһŮǰϺ֮㾶뿪
˿̻ģ˶ҶҲЩ֣ǰٻɥ硣
嶾ݵķֶ棬ֻ¿˶ã˵ҹҶĪҲ˵ҵļЦ
˼أҶ˫ȣȴܲõ̧ųھϯϡ
ҵļݼҶ飬Щףڳݲ壬ɭȻҶöˣֻ˯Ҳ֪ʱ˱Ѱȡ
λҲ˵в
ǱҶòҲ̶ãˣЩƻΪأжҶΪˬ
λ࿴ȴȰ˵
ҲΪҶݣҲһܲŭ
Ҷ񵭵һЦСܻмö޻ҪȡСҲֻΪǿԷȫСͳͳ
ң

󵨣
˴Ҽİŭȣм˵վԪӿɢֲƣȴҶ֡
Ҷǳвȴ޿κΣֻŭĿӡ
Ҷһ޻Щݰ˴ͳͳԼȴˡ
޻ԶԶֹһţһĺֻܷйŭǾԲҡ
ʵ΢ΪʿǿҲÿһۣ˿ҶȴĿŵвǣǺ޵ȴ޲ߡ
ҼһվЦ̵޷޻ûֵҩڳôˣĸ㣡
Ҷ΢΢ü˭
ȻһЦҳΣΪѾﵽԪƷҶģ֣ͲҪ޻սһ
ҶĿת䣬ЦԭҵһСʲôݣҲҶ֣һ岮Һ岮˵ҲķݣûûµĶȥ
ЩѪɫࡣ
ҵţͱҶֻ꣬ص󣬽̳Ҽ֮λҲ޿ܡ
ĺٺЦֶҶǰ˵ûȻĻҶ弫пܻԵңһ塣
Ҽɫ΢䣬ҲҶ񷢺ңκȵСҶѵǣﶼ岮㿪ڵķݣȥ
ɫǺ죬죬Ҫ˵Ҽ˻֣Ԫӿɨ⡣
һƱǺЦλСٵαΪЩС˺Ҷ
ҶҲ
֮ɨһܣ˸ŭԣв󣺡ҵ۹ȴҲҶϵȷʵסݡݷֶ潻ҷġ
˴ʮٵҶ׼ϬƤʮţƱƤʮţǧɽʮ꣬ɫҩİʮʮʯ٣Ҽ
׷ױǵĺ񣬳ִ¡ţT˵꣬٣ױһңۣܳȥ޸ͣ
˷׷׻Ȼ֮£Ŀ
ЩȻ㣬ױϡ٣εϡΪ֮ͳȴóһ͸
ҲݣæлСܵ˺񣿡
֮Ц嶾̵شƶ֮أûʲôֵǮһٶᦣΪ٣˵գһСᦴ¥зɳƮƮɵǰ
һױ
һƬȻͷӶ۷׷ס
嶾̡޸ԶЩ׻ҿɱȣױͳһױ֮£է࣡
ҶĿȥֻٶ뷽嶾еõС״ƣɢȴԶԶ棬ĵͬױ֮䣬Ҳи֮֡ٶᦱ嶾Ƶ棬Զˡٶᦣ˼ƾܱƯҪԶʤͨױ
Ҳע⵽һ㣬¶һ˿Ц⡣
ҼһЦ֪ҶΪ׼ʲô񣿿ɷóҵȿ۽磿
ҼǺЦҶϵΪ嶾̷ֶĶƴ֣ĪҲͰɣ
Ҽ©磬ҡͷЦѵҶ԰ʳɣ
֮һǲҪнҶһЩӣȷǲܣûҶ׼һЩ
ȴڴʱֻҶ֣ЦСִܴ٣û׼񡣡
ҼЦҶϵܣֺ꣬û׼ҲԷҪԵġ
Ҷ΢΢һЦΪ⣬Сһ˵ߣٻһöڴ׸Ϊ٣
˴˴¶֮ɫ
ȻֻһöҩȴǾıۼֵҪͨױ֮ϣһöҩͳֱ֮󣬻Ҫ嶾֮ϣ
ʮǰϣٻͳһöһٶͷڻζʱʱἰǳʢ£
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ҩУһŮ裬ͬһ㣬ʱһ嵭ҩɢλŵҩζ·ñҶƣƺҲ˲١
ǻʵɣ
öĳ֣ʤʮǰǳʢᣡ
ٱĵ̫ˡ
ġ˶һۣƤֱ˶֪öҩҶ˼жߵöҶȻͻȥ
Ǳ֪öȥöֻֻһȷѪꡭ
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113 ׵
õĳϣҶ˿ζݵ鷳±࣬Ͼˡ
ǳ͢⣬嶾̡ٻҲҶͻԴص
Ҳ޷뵽Ҷ͸öߵöνԭ
ɽĦ£Ҷ֮վ¶ȥֻɽƲߣȴҲɽˮռԼа֮ࡣ
ԶƶжţͨɽͬΣӶд·һѩ׵ĺƯڰգɾ
ĵҲ̧ͷΣ̾ѡ
ƬɽͣԺҵˣҶ㱣ڻζ
뿪ҶʱһУӥܣȴȻһħɵķֶӵɽӣ۰һ׵
֮Цʦܣ֮ν۵ԪԪ˼壬Ϊ֣һǳԪǳͶԪΪӴ޾ɢϾͼΪϡˣԲӡ澳ʿֻܼȡ̫ԪΪ澳̫ԪΪٶȱࡣ
Ҷĵ˶Դδţɾ
ֻ֮ڶԪе֮Ǵ֮Ӿ澳ʿҪΪͻͽĴѰǹŴϲɸɽϣϲ徲һɵĻɽе
ҶǵһԪЩ࣬Ϊ档
Թ֮˵ĳЩ۵㣬ȫͬЦʦ˵֮Թʵ˰ɣ޾ȡ֮ߣҲҪĴѰҿȵ֮Ҫࡣ
֮Цʦ֪ȷѷڵ֮Բӣǣ壬ֻ߻ħһ³һδ˵ܹȡ
ҶĵǰһλҵǶǿȡΪ
ʦܣɽֶʱһأΪѰһֻסɡ
֮¹ѰһǿɽƣɽߡڶҪһ˫ۣڲ֮ͬǰƬٲʦ֮ܿͬ
Ҷ˳ָķȥֻɽ¹ʯһٲ¶к£׹·ˮ̶֮С
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Ȼ滷ӣǹȴҶïܣдУͬһ޴ɡǣҶī̷쳣׳
ɳɽ֮ϣȴԶľïʢĪĸһҶ΢ɻ
֮ͷõ󣬲Ż׳ѰǴЩ˲עĵطѰҳ֮ͬеǸһ󻨣еǹͺͺɽʯһ¶һһСɽžòɢЩطѰױ˺ӣѰеĲѰ֮ɽǱߵϡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻɽһߴɽ壬ɽ䳤쳣ïʢ
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֮Ц䱩ңû澳һڱᱬʦв̰óȻȡأʮ죬꣬ұ㡣ʦܣʦܣ߰ɣ
ЦٱӺСȥָ㣬ǧҪи
ҲЦҶ֣ȵѾ澳㻹Ԫĥ䡣
Ҷе޻ȴֲֻᣬȻǴ㽫öҩ͸Ҷ
Ҷижֵλȥٱձ㵽
֮һۣϴֻۻϷ۶ȥ
ҶͷȥֻԼֻʣ¹һˣΪԼЩ˻һ𣬽ݻ첻ȥֻܸһ˵ĻʬҰ³
Ҳ֪ݵҴǨŭԼ˴Ҳ뿪Ҷ벽
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Ҷ빫壬ĴѰֱ̫ɽҲûҵڡ
ƳϣҶɽԶȥֻ֮֮УͻȻƻ𣬵ƱڻԻͣҫۡɽٻ̳
ͻȻʮĿŶȽȽɽ𣬽һƬɽҫͬѤ÷ǳ
ܣȴǻ谵һƬڲãȺɽУٻͬһΡ׳۵Ŀ
Ҷһۺ죬ٻų֮󣬶ɽȴ壬ֻ빫ˣνСèһֻСһ
վɽŰǹȫɽͻȻ޵ɫϼ⣬һѹֹʦҲԭһ֮У
ҶУѰƬϼڣֻǰһڴϸԶ׳һͣȻĴ죬ݷһ㣡
ҹɢϼ⣬һ˿˿ϼ֮Ҷ֦ɢǹҫ˵ס
ҶȡһױݺȥֻһױϣĽȻֻһǳǳ˿ڣеױȻͷϿ
ȻױҪӲֱı
Ҷûڷ飬ֻ˼ױȥЩױۣȴʼûпһ֦
ҶһԾԾԣЦҶϵܣԿ˵ǰץסһ֦۶ϣǸ֦ոձ䣬漴
ѽ
ҽһһɣ֪䵽ȥˡ
ԼӼһױҶ¶ʣȥѰǼĳѪϣѪһϿҧˮĥҧϡ
ĳѪϵС֪ĥƽ˶ٿţڽҧϣֻϿڴʱȪһһ߶ߣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҵѵĸ봩͸ɽеȡпգԴԴϴӵ³
ͻȻһϸֻˮڵ棬Ȼںˮ̶嶾зֵİһģһ
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ҶͻȻӿǧڿտ˵йЦɣɽ壬Ҷٱķ֮أһ񣬱ҳΪ۰һ׵


114 Ⱥ
ɽɽ֮Ӧ˿ѷɽٻҶѰ˺񿳶ϣһҹпᡣ
ʱһСԺڱɣռԼĶԶԶȥеСԺԵΪ¡
ŵĵطˡ
ҶԼĳɹΪ⣬ݷΪԡԣңһһ䵤
һпǸҶԼ¥ֱӷǼ֮У¥Էȡ֮һ䣬Լĵط
Ҷ뼳ȡΪķֻܼȡ֮ʿ˵
˵ֻԼ¥ȼıѡ
󲿷ֵܣҶҲֹ롣
ҲԱߴһݣٲȻ嵱Լϳ
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Ҷ԰嶾£ȻݷֶĶˣǸ˾йڣҲ̫į
߸Ҷ񣬵Թ޻ڣаȵݷֶɽԪϼ
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գ۹Ҷǹ貣ǹͬСǶªһ㣬ת衣
Щǳ̫̫䣬ףʮޣ֣Ҵͬǿգ
ǳԪžʯǣĿֲҶǣٶҪٱֹҶ˼çӡ֮ͬ
çӡҶƵױǳԪžʯȴδĥʯһ飬мռ䣡
ǽǳԪžʯпСǶ󷨣ǣٶӦжôֲҶ񲻽Ȼ
ǳԪžʯǣٶȶ˵Ȼãи࣬Ϊеͣ޷ȡ̫ǳԪžʯп²ĻֻǶһ١
ǳԪžʯӲȣͨױ֮ϣʱûп
ҶҪͻȻɽдһĺУţһƵ¡¡첻Ҳ΢΢
ſȥȴʣƣǴɽеĳﴫɽҲ֪﷢
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ǳԪžʯٶȱȴǰҪ죬ÿһκԪһأ
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ʯ໹δɶԲȻŭŵĺܣǼҲǣȻ򲻹һͷ嶾̵棡ȥʰ˵գ壬ҶʾһһȥѰǺܵĻ
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115 ܰ
Ҷ־ŭ嶾ɸԼİӣȻһ첻ͳͳһͷ׽ȥҺܻüıȻŻһ˰ȱ˹ȥ
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ҩ֪ԱߴܳһͷɸߵĴܣɷ˵ȭ򣬽ͳͳˣֻһӻ
ͷܲɱˣǽ׽סǼ˿ѻĵأ׽棬ǵũʹ
Ѫ
Ҷ΢΢һ嶾мأĳѪҪΪϻ߽ϣñѪҩι
ĳѪϿԽΪϻ߽ϣ൱ױ
ʯα׽סѵױҲ˲Ҷʵ
ʯ澳Ԫڵĸ֣ܹױʵΪǿ󣬽Щҵļ
ʯʦָո澳ûױֻһױʯʦָոռױ㱻Ǻһȭͷ飬ȻʦַųƳ棬Ԫ𣬽Ƴͳͳʦֻ׷УûʹУ㱻һץסҩиɻȥˡͷʱûж׷ױױֻƾһǴ仨ˮ
һֱһͻȻڵʦ֣ͷûг򣿡
ϸ˼ȻͷͷȷʵһԳ򣬲̫СҹƷɲ
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ٲȻԼ嶾̵ĵӣһһ嶾̡
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ҶԣЦҸոճΪûãС¾ͰȱùʦЦͷԸȱһҩԵͯӣͷȻԼǵƬ̣һȥշͷܣ˵գСԺƬִҴ˳ɽȥ
빫վǰã³һɻϸ磬ҪǺ֣ܶûаգ
֮жҶı¼ΪɣϾҶֻԪƷûȫԪڣΪ˵ǹҲҪҶΪԸ߼֡
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嶾У޻ĵӲδ˵ܹʮ𣬷øߵȵ޻
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Ҷ΢ЦĵЩ嶾ĵӣȻмӣΪǣֱС֮лǿҡý˻ᣬǣ֪ܳΪʦ壬ƹݷֶ治ǽң
˽ߵһƬɽ֮УҶ̧ͷȥֻƬɽͬһڴ룬мΪƽ̹ͱڹ⻬羵ɽ滨Ŀʱʱдܳһͷ⯣ԶԶһۣ漴ȻصС
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ҩԱߣһͷܽ𵶴һŴ棬һ嶾̵վԱߣӶӸȷٲȻһϲƵļơ
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ʯҲ⵽Ҷ˵ĵапࣺºˣҶʦҲͶ嶾ݷֶ棬νȫûͷȥĻ̳ûˡ
ǺǣȻ˼Ԯ
ͷܿҶˣһԾ࣬³Сÿĳ򣬵ǻݣǺЦǼҪߣԹԵ¸үֵأ
ҶԶԶվЦ֣Сܡ
ͷһȥŭСһˣүܰ죬ô֣
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ͷܰȭͷžž죬Цĵ̣ү˼ʮ꣬޻ǵһμ㡣ϻ˵˭ȭͷ˭ǵǴһӮˣɽ㣬ˣⷽԲɽͷͳͳңǼҲҪ£үҴҩԣ
ҶЦãҴӦˣҪһˣҲҪҴҩԣ


116 һ
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Ϊ˱ꣿҶʶģͷǰ
ŭһһȭҶʶ顣
ҶһʶɣɢۣգһЦԸķ䣬֣СܻȱһҩԵͯӣץҵʦֶǸұץ㡣ɽҩԵ񣬱ȫˡ
ţҶʶ飬ʵ޿κΣͣ£ŭıʤңҲ汾ʤңȻķڷ
ҶΪͷۣҪͷܵȷѣֻ趯һ޻ܽ÷
ʹ޻ᱻ޻еƣʱ򲻵ʯҪֻɽҲᱻ̣òӡ


117 Ķ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ʱò˵İ취Լ澳ȷӲӲķڷ
˳ңҶݺݵ
һ漴ҲǿӲܹү೤ʱ䣿үԶߣҲδܶ
ҶЩͷۣҲ֪Ұܹߣһ˯һ죬ޣ˫ᣬԶͨĺܻøãֻҪܽ˶
ҲİԼ꣬תתŻǺЦСӣүҳɽˣǴ򲻹ңұ˳㡣뽵ң޷ҴҩԣǲүֲҩģõҩģүҪռ
˵գͷһֻƣָͷſҶǰ˻Ρ
ҪɣȴҲ࡭
Ҷһ֮Դ㽵ȷǿͷܶҩܹ֣ȷǸеİ취
ҪӦͻȻע⵽ƣʱɫ࣬ЦܣȻָͷЩƭҴӦ
Ǻܣͳָͷֱ׳
Ҷðŭɽĵ⼸ʮ궼ҵĵأΪũһֵҲûнҪɣֻӦ
Ҷ˵գָͷ
ֻ֣ôӦСֹôͱˣôͱˡ
Ҷһ¥зųĵֻҪͬǱ˸ҴҩԵͯӣʲôϵ߳ɵջ񻹲Ҫҡ
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ƻδ£Ҷ¥㽫ͷܶͷסɲԴ̽Դһҧסͷܣٴν˽ȥ
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ɽĵ嶾ݷֶĶԳүҲʵ飡ͷһУҲԳү
洫ʯ๫˵ҶƳͷһۣү׽ʱѾԸҵǼλʦֶеҩҩͳͳпҩֲҩġ
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Ҷɻ󣬵ЩҩֲѲ˶ʱ䣬ô
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ҶҲֲ֪ҩô鷳£˿ʯѾҩҩͳͳˣҲû취ֻõֶүǲȱѵ¿ټĶ
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ʯæʩ񣬹ʦ壬ƬеҩԺҩģѾͳͳˣԺ⡣
Ҷ΢΢ͷͻȻһ£࣬ûռ޾ꣿҴ㿪¯Ƽ¯޻
ʯԣ˶һۣЦΪ嶾̵ӣܲռ޾ꣿʦҪ٣Ǳж٣ռ޾û澳ľ֣֪ϲʦ⣿
ҶЦΪе̫ͣߵε޻ͨ꼴ɡ
ʯ˻æȡһЩ飬Ҷһţϸۿֻзӡһͷɺ׵꣬չɣȴʼ޷ѣ档
嶾ȡ޾޻ֶεȷħҶа֮˿ϡ
粻ϹǸʱڣϹʱֻأκ󶼻ֻת
ʱ嶾̵ֶξʮ⡣
ֻز棬κ飬ʿǾ֣󾫻궼ѣɢ䵽֮䣬ȡ޾ʮֶ񶾡


118 綾ޱ
Ҷʯ÷֪Ҳһױû˿ֻȡꡣ
ʶԽ࣬Խо֮治У׷ױǧٹ֡
ʯ͸ʮ޻ҩģЩҩ׼Ķ࣬ʦ壬ӵ˵ױͷܴ飬ĹƳҲвٶɽԲӦмӵ˴Ѱҿױ
ҶҩЦѰɽ̣˭ȥһݣ輸ֻɽ̻
ʯ˶һۣЦʦ壬嶾Ѱõ˽ɽ̣ʦǣһְգ
˷׷ȡһ޻̷ȥ䣬˱üϸëΪޣɽһģһХһ˷Ծȥ
׼ֶΣ
Ҷ۾һʯ޻仯Ϊɽ̣ͬʱҲɽ̵츳ѰɽĿ׾٣ֶαȻ޻Ҫʤһ
۽ԽԽ׻ңֻһա
Ҷܺų׻ңʵֻ죬ڡס⣬ԶԶ
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۽ʶȻ˶׵֪Ҷ˼ҲҪѷһ
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ԽԽ˳֣û೤ʱ䣬㽫ʣµҩͳͳ꣬ɹʮһ¯ֻһ¯Ϊûпƺûʮö綾ޱȵġ޻


119 Ѫ
ҶƵʮö޻У൤ҩظʯȥĵط࣬þּ޵ľֻȼ֣ûнëˮԳȺ֣ǱȽϳޡ
Щҩô󣬶˵ֻ澳޾Ƶ޻Щô澳ľ֣ȼĴͬȼʿûױֵĻҲǵĶ֡
˵澳ĴҲױԶԸȼޣô׵顣
̫ķѾʿΪĸ
ҶЩ޻漴УٴǱ̹Ԫ
˿ѾԪƷ۷壬ǷȱԪΪĿգڵٴʮ౶˳˳ԪһƷ
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ʱڵʿԪڵʿҪǿʮֹԪ֮ǿױɱڰٲ֮⣡
ױΪأٽǧԪʿԪܹףɼԪڵΪǺε
ҶһһɫԴӵγң裡
Щÿһףʮ֮࣬һشζ
µûԼĶݣ빫һƬҲھΣɵɴ۾ֻЩɫɼͬɳٶףɢص˲ս
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Ҷʦ׷ɱ֮أֻе˲򣬾ȵ
ʦ徹Ȼôǿ׷ѹֲʹױ׷ʲôױһ飡
׷Ȼ쵽ٶԶѵʦѾԪƷˣ
һƬȻԪһƷܹױٲ׷Ҳֻܴٲ֮⣬Ҫ׷ľ쵽ףͱйԪƷʵУ
ҶǶԪ֮ۺ񣬵֮ҪԶԶͨʿͬʱתԪԪҲҪԶʤһ˲ܽ׷Ч룬쵽׿⣡
ҶֻǼԼΪоԾŻľﵽޣ漴㽫ԪջأΪϲһޣ˹Ԫڣӥ˵ҵ˹Ԫ֮󣬲תԪһŹͷ飡
ľתԪѾؾ磬Ԫɫһʱ䣬ҶûмķˣҲǿᣬͨױ޷˵
תԪؾ磬ԪֱƿֲҶҿλҲŹءʱλΪѾԪƷçͨϳ˵ķΪ٣ǱתԪΪ綸䵽ԪһƷľ硣
ˣλ滹ûнתԪسɣŵֹֻͣһӶҲûķ
תԪԪٶȻֲҶǳԪžʯ֣ΪִﵽԪһƷľ磬ΪԪٶȣھתԪٶ֮ϣľǵûе䣬ڻ
ΪٶȻȴǰ˲֪ٱ˵ٶȲ൱ͨʿٶȡ
չһ֮ãûнתԪɣ˿֮ǿҲﵽ˷˼ĳ̶ȣ
һһͶ㣬ޱȳصƣʱɽȣʱڣ֮䣬ת֮ңһѵĴ
Ҷҿλ棬ûнתԪȥܲ˵ǸźûǶķçͨȷѽתԪ澳
ֻޱˣĲǶҲֻתԪ
ķֱΪ죬ȱһɣ
Ҷ񾲼˼߳ңۿȥֻɽ˿̲ǰ壬󹤣ɽɿӦʯ̽ȻȥƸĹˡ
Ϊȴûоְ𣬶嶾ǰɽһ˴Ļæ
̽Ƹ󹤣нˮͨĿûв˽Ҫչ˿󹤵ʳӣ֣鷱ϸЩסҶôҲûʱ
Ҷվ嶥ȴֿһƥɽȥвɺ档ɽеޣǣѲ׽ݼѱޣ
Ž߽СԺ¥֮УҶֳһʶ¥ֻ¥ֿٳͷܺдҩԵ츳ҩķűֲ
УĿıֲѪҩԭѪֻʮ꣬˿̱Ǻ硣
ƽԴŤһǻѪʱӿæѪҩУЩѪ޷Զͬ˵ֱһ趯ҶѪͳͳסյҶС
Ҷ΢΢һֻɫҶеѪȻһɲǷðһ˿˿ѪѪӿͬѪľҶ֮У
ҩеıѪõѪۿɼٶǽһգ۵Ĺ㳤磬˽ɫǶ䣬ѪҲΣм
ͷܾȻ֪ѪѪѸٳɳֶ嶾ҲûмأǾͨٲݵޡ
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ȷ
ҶΪҲҸ˽ԾԾԣЦ֣֮絽ɽȥ


120 Կ
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뵽ͷ̸ߺȣҶ飬ɽš
µ˼æֹͣ׷ɽչؿ޵ʯҲ߳ԼٵĶֻйڹ󳡣ûиϹ
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ͷκױᱻһȭ飡ǶױʦΪױ֣Ҳ޷ױʵ
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µ˲ɺȻ֪ʯԲ顣֪ҩܱʶٲݣ˼Ķҩĵɷԣ϶ޱǿˣҲᱻͷסʯλﵽ澳Ԫڵ׷Ҳֵûͷ
ͷܣٶ֣ԪרſƹƳ棬ֱ嶾̵Ŀǣ嶾̳ױٶᦣҲ˿壡
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Ҷһ֣漴żһ㣬һǧصɽʯһ𣬱һӡɽʯϣХͱȥ
Ԫ⣬ԪϢɽʯ֮ϡ

شǧľʯԪһ֮ٶԽԽ죬ͬǰ㼤ȥһײͱ֮ϣʯŲȣ
˵ͷȥֻʯȻûѣƽƽǶʯ֮Уҵֻʣһֻ¶棬֪
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ٶȼ죬һ˲嵽ͱǰ

Ҷһʯȥɫӡַɳݺӡǿɽʯ֮ϣ
ǿɽʯʱʯ֮УƽĦºȻһ޴ӡԼһɶߣɼһ̲صǺε֮ɽʯҲͬһ
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һһɽɣƵƵ֣ͬɽ棬ȭȭ⣬Ƕûж׷ױֻױǴıԿɱ
ˣǽֲˣҲ˿ѷͨ׷ľƬƬ£гһӣеȴһĿĵѺۣĿꡣ
ҲˣϾгɵĴҩ壬õǹ룬׷֡Ҷȴһʮ꣬ȻҲ˿ֲӲӲ˿·磬ʵĿ࣡
ʯ˼Σ¶֮ɫ˰Σʯ³һ૵ʦ˵ҶʦݣݵҾͷͳͳնɱԭЩţˡҶʦ֮ǿֱһͷԪĴ澳ڵıԳȷ޷˵塭
ЦϧҶʦΪֲ̫ͣ׷ĴҲˣͨ׷ģҶʦ廹ҪԿ
ΪȻֻƾǿᲢ޵УΪԴ߶׷ױױѹԷԪԪöԷһȴ޷ӡ
Ǽˣִ޿κΣǶԸҶ񣬱ԼƳ棬ֱֻΪѹҶԪԪ
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˶һۣҡͷĵͬ޵Уͬ޵УͬΪʿЩϵ׻ң߾뢴ɵĵӣҲܱҶʦʵǿ
æʦ֣ǼȥˣɽᱻǴݲеĿȫǣ
ʯЦ˭ȥ


121 ʦ壬ҪһЩ
Ҷսκǰ⵽ǵĹʱʯҲ޷ֻǴƻ
Ҷѧҳһֱĸ߶ȣף˿׷Կִһֱзζĸо
ǿᣬͷ׷ȴѧһѧһȭһаۣʦȡ
ĿǰʵȻԿȵĴתԪȷеĻҪǿֱǰ˵ױ죡
ҶԭĿģֻΪ˼Լʱ޵ĳɹĿѾﵽ̸֣ǼȥҲʲôΣ
ţħϣոճ嵽ҶǰͻȻͷһ¥ɲԴ̽Դɷ˵㽫¥֮С
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ͷ¥ŭеҳȥүսٻغϣ
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ҶͷţͷС۾׹˸үֲ˴ҩģڣһ㡭ţүҩ߷֣õһҲָ͵үһĹȥ
뵽ܴүɵЦѡ
Ҷתͷһۣ֪ͷɵЦʲôҲϡ
ͻȻԶһֻ׺ͣĦϿգǰ׺һŮҶҶʦô
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ǺŮæԦ׺׽䣬Ҷǰȴǰ׺˫ԽԽСųŮͷȻҲһͷгɵܹת͡
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122 ׻
Ҷ΢΢üϸ磬׻ʲôǵһ׻֣Ϊ档
Ľ͵ԪĸҲҪɢԪɢ䵽ءЩǿǰΪȰٻﶼҪ֪߳ٱ¥ữɢǵ¥ҪԶǵļ̣Ȼɢռȴ̮Ƭռ䣬׻磡
̤һ׻磬֪ʲôƸλǰղͳͳ׻֮Сܱкܶ׻绢ưٻҲв٣ٻ޷ֻ̣ЩԼÿ꿪׻һΣѰ
飿Ҷδţ
̾ĸˣʤһЩϵ׻ң˵ϡĺϡϣЩԴԶ׻˵ϡÿҶôЩСط˵һҵȴͷˡ
˵ѾɽɽҶ¿ȥֻһ״ɽͦСɽͷݷ°㻷ɽ壬ɽ嶥ˣһɫɽ䣬ݷ߾ڡ
ۻɽ䣬Ҵ𣬵ڰٻױУǶԹǻǲɽ
Ҷͷߵɽ䣬һˬԪҲԶŨȻһɽɽޱأɽ¹ӣ洦ɼҲˣвǻҲΪ˳
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ҶɫʱˣΪҰޣû뵽ȴǱ˻ޣв㷲
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ҶɫڣοǰٻĿˣ㱻֪ˣҲô
ߵɽֻǰһ䣬ҩԣؽ̺죬أԱвپµСլԺӦǰٻŮסĵطλ̬欵ŮˮڻԼȻȥƮƮЦ֡
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ԽߴԽŨɽϵĻҲ࣬洦ɼ˵ŮֻݣЦϡ
Ҷüѣи̵ɽҰǰܼŮˡ
ЩֵĴͨĻݣ͵̺죬콿ߣȴûҩüֵ
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ʱ䣬ֻЦ׺ɣ˲ܵȵͨʿͻһˡ
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ʵ̫ܼˣǸȺܼŮˣΣաҶҲΪۺ죬޲ðѰٻеĲƸͳͳᵽȥٻȣɽʵ̫ˡ
һѩͻȻļͷֻצǰҶе
ֻҶˣβҡҡȥҶȡһž綾ޱȵġ޻ĵС㣡
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ҶҪʵʵ˵ȴŮӵʵ˼ҲүҶ񵱼Ҫ˵ĻضЦⲻרô


123 Խ
ҶϸǣֻϢ¶ŵʱȴǰƮ죬ƺʱȥ΢΢棬ǣѾ죬ΪβΪʿ
˵壬ҵԪֱӹͨһ㣬ʮذ¥ȲҪͨЦ
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ҶƲѣĪľ͵һǿУܹƹһħɵģ㲻ٻֻҲѷɫȥ
һĻᣬҪһȭ޵ϣǸԽеı飬ҶʮǷᡣ
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˫۷Ź⣬ЦҶϵܣɲٻݵһɣҲŮӡ
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ͻȻĻʱŭһеɽڴˣ嶾̵ĸ
Ҷͷ綷嶾ڿսɱϹڣҳӣڵĸҲٻֻͻ


124 չջ
ҶһͬٻֻʮĿŶƯһ޴ͭ䣬ŵһſ˶ҹڿƮƮȥ֮еĹλð롣
ݰ˴ҵļѾλϯϯЩ˵λãЩħȣ˴ҵļϲ̨档
ҶһŮߵϯЦ
ɷɲŵȸɵʹҲ빬УڵɽȻѰĸ嶾̵ʹߡ
ڣĿҶϣɭȻһЦ漴ҹα嶾ɱ澡ʧ˵СéʦҲУղײգٻ׻³֮󣬾ڰ·ϽСɱˣһ˰ˣ
Ѫ񱤵ûҶһȭҵñףڳ©磬ҲĶסҶ
ϮɲŵļλŮҶߣΪ׵ǰɴŮЦСֵܣĳҿɲأö˶㻢񣬺޲óأ
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̾ϢɲжŮӣ֮»ҵΪǾͨһ˫޵׷ѡſһ˫ޣ֮ͬ͡ȻɲŶЩŮӣ۸ߺһв֪ʿӦƼӴλСӾȻῴ㣬Ⱥ£Ϸôû
Ҷʵʵϸ磬СܻᣬĻ֮飬û
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ҶɽȥǼҲಽֻа֮ңҶߵǱ
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СҶȹѹأЩӶģܱҶѭѭյ
ͷ⣬Ҷ΢΢һЦͷɽȥ


125 ɱķ
Сӣˣɽˮ㣬֮أ
ҶŸɲԸո߳ɽΧһǱһȭϵͣЦҼЩϷϵѵŻȥ
һЦӦöڰٻͷڹ꣬Ҳ
Ҷ̾˿ελ嶾̵ĶɱңѵͲ嶾̱

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һֻʣǸҶߣ״ɾﻹɱҶæתӡ
׷֮ϣҶ񲻽΢΢üԪϾڵļ֮ԶԶȲħԪ澭ܹѧħԪ澭ʱͬ׷ױһ㣬Ӧ֡
ٻħԪ澭ȷж֮ѧеļ޵ķţЩ˸ҵĶ֣
СӣѪ񱤼סˣϷƱѪϴɽȮ߷ɳףͷ

Ҷüͷһ壬ʮХڳצȥգ۱ĸǰ


126 ֮Ĺ
׷ٶȱߵҪ죬ʮڣΧסӵײȥ
ҶԾŻĻϿ׷Ⱥ裡
ŭԪֵ֣Ҷһʽ׷һɫȻײԪϣһ˲㽫Ԫֺ飡
߷ֿȴʮɫ׾ᣬջһѰ˫Լֻüסǰ漸˫Լ޷£ʮΣò
һûҶЦһԽ⼸ߵЩ߱ɵ¥ͳͳɢ¥еղҲɢһء
Ѫ񱤵ūţûױıֻһЩױʯԼƲҶЩͳͳעĿıǶʮİ䵶ɵһױ
һױγһɱѷױе´Ҷס޷Ϸųױˣ
ջоȻм飬Ҷ·һ飬ǼԼķţа´ʹ÷ţ漴¥֮С
ͻȻĿ΢΢һע⵽һ飬ֻд֣Ѫ񾭣
Ҷһ飬вɺȻⱾѪ񾭵ݾףֱһɱ䣬Ѫ֮ԪԪѪӰֻҪմʿϣԷľÿһ˵ľΪһ֣ʮֲֿ
ŹѪƲסɱ
Ѫ磬൱ڲ֮˴ݻ٣ֻҪܹӳһѪӰʱʿϣռݱ˵㲻
Ѫ뷽ѪħԪ֮ͬԶѪħԪ󷨸Ӿ˷ʤ
еⱾѪֻǰ㣬澳Ϊ̡
ķȻǿҶȴϣûкķѪǿҲǿĿǰǶ;תԪ
ٴμⱾѪ񾭽˵洦
ҶѪ漴
ͷֱ׳
СȻĺôҶУϲãȡԼƵľ綾޻Լжʮöͳͳ
ԵСƤԲмöҩʵڳԲȥͳͳСĹңı壬Ѱȥˡ
ٻħԪ澭ʵ۲
Ҷҡҡͷɽ壬ټӣ׻˵һ飬ɽֶǳҲ࣬˴׻һУǰ
ʯ¶ɫʧʦ壬׻Σأɲô򵥵ĵطҪȥĻ¡Ǹ
ҶҲἰ׻൱Σգȴ֪еԭ򣬵࣬ϸϸ˵˵
ʯɫأ׻ΪĪʿ¥¥еĿռ䲻γɵ磬൱¥˵ķĹЩ˵Ϊ춯أƴףҽ̵ĽҪ֪ٱνͨأ컯
ǰᲶ׽Ͷ뵽Լ¥ռУ޷ֳԼķĹ¥ռγɵ׻磬ޱȹħֱһС͵磡ң׻ԼķֻԪʿܹ롣ʦ壬ԪʿһȺ澳Ĵ˵жң
ʯ˶٣ˣЩ׵Ԫ̥ʱɷԪ̥ʹ֮ﵽľءЩɷ׻Сɷױܸɵһ澳۷ĸ֣Ԫʿɷֻ·һ
ҶҲЩԥҲ뵽׻ա
ʯʦ壬׻Ǵ֮ĹΣأ޷Уûµ˸㣬
ҶҡͷɽҲʮˣǶңɽˡ׻绹һǰȥͳͳڻѪ񱤵ĸǰ£ܵ򵲣סȥٻܡ
Ѿʯ˲ٴȰ˵׻ȻΣգͬʱҲǸܴųΪͻͽҸܻ׻˵ĲƸ
ҶǲɢˣϥУ˼Լ¥һ顣
ĿǰĹֱǶ;תԪ׷ԾŻױҲвټһȱױԧﶦԼľ
õóֵģǴѪжĶʮļ䵶Щ䵶һ󷨣е´ǿѷױ
嶾̵ɱ嶾Ҷ񷴶Ĳֻ࣬һֻĳѪϣ嶾̶Щ
лö澳ڴľ꣬ƶɵ޻öҩıǮײܶá
޻ԼƶɣʮöܹЩҩ֮ౣĻᡣ
ھ׻翪ֻʱ䣬콫Լʵһ̨׿Щܡֻһ·ߣĳѪϵ
뵽̼¥¥֮С
ѾѪĶҡҷˣͨȻͬں֮Уֻ֦ҶǴɫɫ仨Ҷ൱졣
ѪҩǶݣ̺;綾ңǡǡ綾кͣѵһƷֲҩΪԼΪ
ҩãĳѪϣܹĳѪϽĳϡ
Ҷ񵱼ĳѪϣ˵ҩУסһѪȥһѪգۼ㱻ֻƳ澡븹УϵѪɫʱŨһ֣漴ȥ
վһԣ֣еЩСҭšǧҪǵãЩѪүɣȫˣүƴ
һʱȥĳѪϽ߳ɽ£ֽ֨֨У³ɫĲ˿Լһ룬ͣڿС
ֻƳԵѪڿʼĳϽҪʱ䣬ܽɣ
Ϊϣ൱һױԪʿҲʹپ澳ʿ
ҶĳѪڿʼд󶨣Ц֣Ҫõ¥ֻ޷㣬ֿԷż٣Ϣһ¡
ͷüЦæҩոɣеүҲЩҩģڡСӣٽһ
Ҷ¥ֲҩģ̶һҩģ㳬ʮЩҩֵֻܷɣҲͬСɣͷˡ


127 Ⱥ۾
ܽͷܺ͸ɲҲ׻УǾ޵ˡҶ̾ϢһϾħԪ澭ǶķѸɲԺױЯ׻磬ɱķ
Ҷֿ죬ĥԼľתԪķҪԪ޲׺תԪؾȴƺһ޵׶ϵԪûֹ
ѹҶûмȥҵõǶֻ¶ķҲҪȴ
˵죬Ҷڶǰ̤ûдŸɲԣǲУŲΪѸݣ˿ѷڿʱǰֻ̤һˮİͨһ֩ĺ档
Ź˵Ϲ彨ĹȣʢһʱŹŽʢ˼
ҶߵߣԶԶֻһɽͣͨ˴ˮΧ
ɽһɽǧףɽһ֮⣬
ǣʱȻǺȣδ£оȻһɽ겻ȷֻ˼
ɽµĺƯһ˶ķۺɫԲʮĶҶʱ֪Ȼǰٻڡ
ԱִһɬֲϢһƬѪѪӿͬһƬѪɵĺڿС
ƬѪԱߣȴһƬƲҵһֻֻĹߡ
һƬɴڿУסԲʮĶѪ࿹⡣
ԶһɫƯڿУչԼʮĶСӭζ졣֮пտյֻһŰ׽ɫǳ˶ڴڲĿռлתɢ޾ɱ֮
ͬʱǳϴгһԴԴϻС
Ҷ΢΢һܸоõǳȡ΢ǶеɷǣǶСǶɢͳͳɡ
ɫؾɷĹƵױɷ
ҶĿĵ΢ǶйʮĿǳɷֻ֮һСʮǶ΢ǶɷĹֻɷ֮ߵĳɾͣԿɣ˵ҵСǶ΢ɷķҪ˲֪ٱ
мΪ𾪣ɷٻ۲ŴԣΪɲ⣬ԼķķҪ˲֪ٱһ붼࣬ѣ
Ҷ̤Уɽȥɽ£ֻ˵ѾۼʿвԴԴϸ
ҶϵܣߣҶ֣ʱһƬĿҶϡ
λ嶾̵ɽ
˴Ҷо֣˵ݣܳͷ嶾ݵķֶ棬ӸλЩƽƽ
˵ĺڵҲɱ˼ԭΪһ׳һɷû뵽Ȼᣡ
ΪȻֻﵽԪڣôΪܿݰ˴ңݵʿҲ̫˰ɣ

Ѫ񱤵бһž⣬ݺݵĶסҶɫ粻ĵСӾȻûͣԪڵĸ֣ôûиɵ˭֣СӾߣѵǰٻˡ
Ҷһȭϣɽȥ澡ʧҶǣͷɱȶ
ҲвĿ׷ҶڵҲĿҶĿͬʵʣҶϵһɲǣǹѹָм޷Ϣ
һСɱҹӣϹΪȻɱҹڣҹڻͷСӣǸ
Ҷߵߣ˿̶Ƭ̹оʮࡢɱĿ⣬ɣаٻﻹס棬ֻԼ֮ᱻ˺ը
ˣħ뢣ɣ۰һΪʿŲ£ľȣͬǵһ㣬޷Խ
Ҷ㹻ģֻҪʱ䣬ӭͷЩħ뢣ԽǣͷϣøӵĿעǣ
СǶ΢ģķԱȹڵİٹ½ƪҪɫ
ҶϵܣȻ˵ãȻܴѪӳĴָЦ
ҶǫѷҶѡ
ǺһЦԼʮ꣬ЩСӣݵĲſ˴ǽ׻磬Ҷϵܶչˡ
ٻָݵʮҶóŸݰ˴Ҹɳˣʣռ
ҶЩ˵˼Ҳ֪׻ΣأϣҶܹЯһѡ
չǣ
һЦĵĿҶһۣߵһԪڵʿֻ¸ս׻ɥչǣ
һȻһЦĳչ˷ƾԼı£ǻһ˱
ɫ΢䣬Ҫںǳ⣬Ҷ΢Ц˭
ưɽѾԪƷҶ㵱ݣҲڣ򡭡

Ҷɫת䣬ѵҵļǰҲ˵ݣ˫ֱŤϣǰٻұ㽫նˣʲôݣҲǰ˴Բѣ
ɽɫǺ죬Ҫŭָһƣŭȵˣҵһǰٻ͵ģһҶģҶƣվٷϻؼңүη㣡
ɽһ죬ݺݵҶһۣ˵ȺС
Ҷϵܣǵ壬αЩСһʶЦ
Ҷ̾һ֪ԼȻʿûͷϾǽԳԼΪеͣݵʿԼ
ԼмӵҲǿķϣŶɫʵҶʵʵЩɡ
ͣʵδؾͻͣĿǰʵЩҵӸֻЩеľӢӣҵľУ
ʱ磬ɵĹ׷վٻЦλȻѾ룬ôǱһ֣׻գ
λһۣԵͷͻȻɷĹͷɫչмǿɷǺХӴгǱɽײȥ


128 ƽ
һɷɷɣɱ֮ޱŨڿͬһۼǳȻײ̤ıɽ֮ϣֻһ㽫ɽĨ
ɽʧͻȻԭسһޱȱ֮ڰγʮɣնɷϣ
ƺһֻǿɷС֣նش֮У漴ɫϯͳͳ顣
Ľͼɫ˺飬춼Ľ⣬ۻң
㺫ǽĸ֣״ɫ̲סһ䣬ȵ׻µĽѾ֣λ֣
ٻЦһǶۺɫȽȽ𣬽ڿСɲѪ񱤱Ҳ׷׳֣һɨգױգ·еĺͳͳѹ޷γɽ
֣ס׻µĽ
ƽϢ̤ˮ϶ʱһ˲㱦ռԼһһ㣬
׻磬һǿµĹأ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻǱʵ֮䣬֣ܹõֻһռУɽдɽˮľݣ޾֣
һ磬ɽ۾ΰ
Щ濴ȥȴС˲֪ٱͬһ硣
ڶҲˣȴС˼ֱ֣ȵڶС˲٣˵߲㣬ͻȻûһƬ澿ʲôڰ˲Ҳˡ
˵׻ԭѾ͵ıĵ㣬ȴûľ磬ԪľԪͳͳޣֻһ׻硣
ˣ׻ԭҲ񻰰Ϊ֪꣬ػĹصĽҲҪٻ֣ѹ
֪ΪӦжֲ
Ҷǣ׻磬Ȼһ
¥ĴУζ¥ħعʵ۱ħңڴصĽУʿħʿ֡
Ҷ񣬻ǵһμĴУ
ˣѾ˲֪ãҲ֪Ϊλڴ˵أ׻
ٻס׻µĽʹǿֶΣײȥʱһ󶴡
ǿ֣ԵԪסڣٻԼĻ̥Ŀжһݣ
׻磬֧ŲסڱҪرգڵȵ
ڵԣ룬һΪﵽԪڵĵͼˮ㣬׻磬֪ոڣͻȻһķѣһѪ
ŭԪĵӲſԽ룬·һʮ֮󣬶Ҫֻܵȵ֮ؿ׻ˣ
ȻдȥĵӼ״æҲͷ
æһҶϵܣŴ׻ʿĵͼţã
ҶлʿҲ׻С
һʿ׻磬ٻ֧ŲסջԪԪ̥ͨȻرա
ǿ漴ջظױֻգۼ㽫׻ֻ֣һ޴ıɽƯ̤ˮ֮ϡ
ʮ֮ؿ׻磬֪Щӣмܹųɲһʮٸǧݣ̬飬һУɴԽԽСļͷҡͷ̾Ϣ
΢΢Ц˲˵Ҷ޿϶ܻųһ׻磬ѪɳʮʿһԪƷʿЩͳͳǸҶĲƷֻҪҶǵľΪ̴ﵽ澳Ԫ۷壡
λɫ΢䣬Ѫ񱤵Ѫ񾭼׷ķһ壬Ԫ۷壬ԺɨɵĵӣɱԽ࣬ΪҲԽ
ɱ㹻࣬˵һԾΪڵʿ
澳ʿ޷׻磬׻澳ᱻ׻統Լһ֣ų⡣
ΪԼĶ׼ֶΣȷϲ
ɷЦԪ۷壬Ҳ޵УɷؽһλļҵĵӣλļҵֻԪƷԸޣֻѾ㹻ˣ
ļңĸļң
ĸļңȻļңһ¶һ˿Ц⣬
ɫٱ䣬ļպգϹűϵļ׻֮һ
ļҵĴУЩɸԴԶķ׷ϵӷḻ˵һҪȻһ
ļλۼͳһƬ½Ļʳλ۷ֱʵﵽ֮ʶ֮λ
ļ߳ˣʵ֮ǿɣԪҲС
ɲЦǶк֣ɲűûУĻ֮в١ղŽȥЩӵܣʮĶŮ˫֮ΪͻƣΪԪڵʿ֪㣬ʲôУ
ٻһЦҿûգǸû׼һ¯ԪѣֻҪʲ̫ԪҲ̫ѡ
ٻԼǵĵҩͬҲΪٻΪԼʮλÿ׼һ¯ԪԪڼ嶤飡
ǶһȺϺ꣬ΪԼĵı׼֡
׼ʲôУ˿Ϊ档
ɫ΢䣬ЦĳĺУܴȡ
ɫȻֶξˣҵķڷ
Цȴŭ𣺡̵ģȺˣÿʡ͵ĵƣȻ׼˶СֶΣҹڵĵӣֻҪԴˡ
ϧǣ嶾̽ûǰֻɽ
ĿλҶΪʵ̫һЩ´˿Ѿˣ嶾̿νȫû
΢Цĵ嶾̵ףξҽ̵˲أҲ̫ˡ


129 ͬ
ҶվһƬɽ֮⣬͸ĵͼɨһۣ૵ӦǺ롣
͸ŵͼǲ֪ʿı׻ľ飬أ̶ߡɽȵȡ
Ҳ֮һΪǺɫǿĶĵشмֻ澳Ĵ澳ʿȥҲܹų˱Ϊء
ħɱѷʿĻʶ
Ҷ嶾ԶﵹȻ塣
жأһֻƳ档
ҶĵȥڴʱͻȻԪҵıըҶ΢ԾһϣѭȥֻװʿԼ¥һɱһ߱
һɫ۵ˣֳһ죬Լɣ졣һλʿŰ˸ߵڴ««򿪣ཹðź
˵׷һޣһɫǹڵĹҶҦϿĹͬ˰ѹڸԵױ֮УʱҦ˲֪ٱ
еױѾ˼ױĳΣֻɫкϻһʮʿ꣬ݺᷭɣһɱȥ
ʿڴ«Ҳཹཱུðڲݣγɹͬʿӭϣ
˵׷һģһΪҲ޼ԪƷһֻſ澳
Ӧͬʦֵܣôѵг𲻳ɣҶк֡
ʿһߵֵһߺˣףʦ֣ͬţαɱ
ʿЦ߶׷ѹȥЦǹڵĹأͬʦֵܿ໥ʤΪ֣Ҫֻʦ̫ãŶ̶̼Щ׷ңΪýɥȰΪ
ʦٿƣǾݹСˣ
ʿҲڴ«ð̣ͷһֻᾴ֣ʿץȥ
ʿæζ죬һӿֽ÷顣
ᾴ֮ͻȻһڹӺԪǰࣵһ͸Ԫ֣ؿڣضȴһ̺߳ϸ롣
ʿҽһæ˺ֻѩ׵ļһССףΧѸٱڣųҰɫë׵ľߡ
ھ룿
ʿæȡһöƿʮöⶾҪ£ʿһֻᾴץ£ұӲ˺
ʿҽæתӣû߼ǾѸٲؿڣգۼ˱ͬùһͨڵϣƺʧȥˮݣһأ
ʿߵʿʬǰ𣬺ٺЦףʦ֣ռϯӵıô꣬ҲλˡСھױƬƶɣףʦö£ҲǸˡ
ʿ¥Ҳ̷ֽ⣬ɢһزϡ
ʿ𣬿Ҷ˲ĴһۣͻȻĺɫ«һźҶХȥ
λʦֿ˺ܾˣС棡
Ҷ£üλʦֻ֣·пǽ֣޶⡣
ʿ۾һЦԭҶ˵ҶéʦҲӲСȻҶĶ֡ȻҶûж⣬ôСܱˡ
ȥҶûиƺ˿תߡ
תһɲǣһڹͲֱҶȥ

ʿЦƺѾҶ񱻺ھ봩ضΣ˵˭ɱ㣬Դڰٹ½ڱˣ
ȴڴʱͻȻҶ¥з𣬶ʮİ䵶󣬺Хͷѹ£һ˲㿳Ԫ֣
ڰҶⲻ֪ҶҲڰתһɲǣ㽫´ͷУ
ͬʱҶܿھ͵Ϯ΢Ц޴Һڵĳ޷⣬ΪĻŹ㣿
ʿѾ仰´Ԫ֮˳Ҳг⽴
¥һըֽ⣬¥еղط׷׵ڵء
ױʮֲѾ˼мױĳΣС
Ҷɢڵϵıֻ˵¥УղĲϣĵǶױһͰ˶ߵĺɫ«ױװǾ޵ʿǣɢһɹɱ֮Ӧʿľ꣬þ׳ĹЧ
澳ԪڣͶϣױΪױΪǿ
þͨڵķҶ˵ôöھ롣
ھ̲ؾ綾ʬƿԪ֣ʿ֮һʱƬ̱ᶾԪڸҲֵסö˷ʤ
ջлмöƿǽⶾ˴˴ν׻ĿģҲΪ˺룬򲻻Ԥ֮ĵҩ
Ƕ˵ղлм飬ҶԷһ飬ضŪħĺ׷аȡʿǵķţΪҲưٹᦡʬħ«ױķš
л׻ͼݣ͸ĸӾϸ಻ֵĵطЩɵĵйȻȻ׻ĵ֪̽øϸĵͼḻ˲١
ףݵ־
Ҷ񷭿һ飬һ¶ɫⱾоݵ־صݰ󣬰ݸɽˮԼĿࡣ
ЩﶼǷƷױҪĲϣ֣ԼΪŴƷΪΪ֡ĸ֮нȵȡ
ҶĲУ纮ھ𣬳澫ͭڰּ𣬵´Щ䵶ױǳԪžʯ
һԧﶦвһصֵͭߡ
ԽߵĿֵԽߣױҲԽǿнױ澳ʿҲܽǿ߻ɱ
ҶϾΪʿʱж̣ʿ˽٣Ȿݵ־ļֵҪױ֮ϣ
Ȿݵ־ԺѰҲ᷽ࡣ


130 
Ҷϸϸʿղأ˶ǹڵľӢӣ¥ղϣõҲֻȭͷС϶Ǿּ߰Ŀ
Щͳͳ𣬺ܿʶһΪҪ⣬к˸ĵ׻޷ĵطȥѼ̽Ѱֻ²;;ɵˣϴǵĲƸ
һͬʱҲǸսɵˣ൱ЩͳͳΪԼѼͲϣ
ʶһ㣬Ҳ϶ܹ뵽׻У϶һޱȵĲң֪ҪܺЩɵĵӽ֣ǸԼĻᣡ
Ҷȥһ·ҩЩҩЩ޻ĶݣЩȴ̲Ϊĵҩ
ЩжԱ߿أҶһشݵԱߵĿݲ֮УȻ̾һͷ׳̵ľѣҩͷͻȻӵص״ܳȥ
ͷѾӲޱȣ׶쳣Ҷõ´ҲδܽնɱһľͷѱԹԵı붦У
һ·ϣҶٴҩȼľҩԵĶ붦С
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һŮѩҲ¶һ˼գգ۾뷨ͳͳдϣֵʦ壬ǿ׳˼
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Ҷǫѷ䣬ǵͷ׺ôûд
¶ϸϸһ飬˼ҵСײܽͻᱻ׻ĨɱֻСߣСߣ϶ᱻͯ۸
Ҷ˿ʮ׵ĻƾôҲûСӦеӡ
ǵʵ̫ǲҪĴߣͭ¯ֽأֻǼˣ϶ԽԽ࣬ʿı֮ءԶѰҶȰ
λŮһۣԼСȫгǰÿԤһ¯ԪԪڣϧǿͭ¯ôױ㶯̰ģȡһЩױûüԪڡȷçײˡ
Ҷ̾˿ΪŮȻѹԪҲ𣬺ǻˣͻᶯɱͳͳɱˣԪ
׻ǱسɱĵطԪܹΪ鵤ҩԵĶɱ
ͬʱҶҲм־ٻǲƴ֣ȻΪ׻ĵÿ׼һ¯ԪеͳͳԪڣνı㣬ϼ޻ɵӦҲʡ͵ĵƣҲԤ˺СֻҴ˴׻֮УԽԽΣգ뾡ʵܵģ
оǿҵΣУʹеҪʵ
ֻ׻ĵһ죬ĸֲ࣬ÿʿΪɫֶΰٳԶԶѰЩʿ
ʦ壬һɣ
Ůһѩ¶֮ɫڴ˼ҿ԰ѹԪָʦһݶ
Ҷһ£һȷ໥Ӧⱻ͵Ϯһϲ¶ѩʵֻ̫ƿԿܷȡױøϿ뿪ױҲסǡǳ֮󣬱ȥѰǰٻĽãˣҪ˵ֱӽԷɱˣ
¶ѩͷȥʦײУҪɱˡ
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ױĿǰΪԲӲ
ĿѲӣֻһɫڿƮƮһˮȣܵױ飬ЩױƬˮӿ֮УȴЩױԼƷס
ͻȻǿڹͭˮʱǣǵͭѹȥ
ͭ𶯣ðޱ߻棬ʱˮ˳ɫȥɫ챻չ֣һԶƮȥ
Ҷ۾һ㲡Ҫˣżһɫ׷ȥ
ױɫ챻ͭشܴȡʱΣԱȽϵ͡ױܼʢҶĿǰʵȡ
Ҷ첽׷ϣֻڿƮƮȥ޶ƺоҶҪ׽ϯһٲˮҶͷ£


135 
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Ҷոմˮֻͷ·һɽѹɫ켤ˮޱȣһˮ֮أһˮһɽƺҪѹѹ塢ѹ࣡
֪ˮͨˮˮȽҪٱ
ˮ£ҶҲܲסͷ¥֣̳ͬ磬һˮ¥ռ֮С
Ķܣ
ҶֱץȥԪڿγһԲľƣͬ硣
ٴξԪֽ÷飬ͻȻչԼзԲĶֱӽҶУս
ҶֻԺԼĹյžž죬쾡𣬵ܻǳһ㽫ס
̵ģǽƻ
Ҷŭһ¥ȸХ죬͵һһСȸѾΪױȡʤɫ챾Ѿܴ󽵵ͣŻᱻȸơ
쵱Ҷ³ײҷɣֻ͵첻ڶգۼ㱻̵ǧٿףʱҲܲסҶ£Хȥ
գ
Ҷأֻ֫ٺʹѣ£ֻһױЩɱаͭ¯ױֻǿĿǰʵȡױû㹻İաȷҩΪ֮ȡױ
ȥ֮⣬ȴڴʱֻ׿ĵطԼټױ·ɣ׷һײ֡
УѾ͵ױҲǼײȥ˵ľ죬Ľ
ЩױѾײЩȱмױҲãûͷӬһƴײ
Ҷв죬ϸֻټױױģһԼĽӲӣֱȡ
ԼڴϸѾΣױױ״ϸһڽһȴ֮ף׶໥ӡ
һȣۼ֮дŰɱѾҪױڽױױԼ
ˣ
ͻȻһӡշѹʱѹ鲻֪ټױһױӡ飡
ױױ·˾·ߣֻʣǸȹͺͺڹС
ӡȻһײȥֻ۵һ죬ԭأӡȴײһ߽ǣתԶ
𶯣죬ƺҪգΪˣصԼҲ޷ֻǰƷױûγ㹻ǿܡ
ȣͨɣ
Ҷվݵ־ʱм֣ǽڽ֮ıͭһΣʵغͼֵ֮ͭϣжı
ԧﶦֻһصͭޱȡȫɣ˵Σ˵ֵҪԶԶͭ¯ױ
Ҷǰ޼ɵȥױûгγɣ޷Уܶ޷ӣߵǰ
ץסȣȻûн𣬲΢΢һ
תԪΪδﵽ쾳ʱܿصľʯ֮Ǳ
ľתԪѾأֱȴǰ˲֪٣߰صĶҲһֻû뵽ȾȻ֮أ
Ҷ񳤳˿ԪӿУγֻ滹һֱֻмϸÿС
Ҷסȱ֮ӿʱͬһ㣬Χζдϲȣͭ¯ıﶼԲҪ
㣬ȥȴڴʱֻһʮһĻͻȻУױɱȥ
Ǹ֣
Ҷǰһֻǻ裬ƮƮױ֮䴩󣬺ˣԼ¥Ҳûм㾶ֱͭ¯ȸضȥ
괳ͭ¯ȸطΧͷͻȻһڴ󶦣һĻ䣬סױûн㱻ǿڴײ÷飡
Ҷע⵽ڴ󶦲ʵǴԪɣһּΪϳ˵׷ַĸڴ󶦵ı棬ַ֮࣬ޱȣ£ؼĪĵС
ܣޱǿᣬŻҪʤֹһ
ʲôˣͲʮһ꣬׷ôǿ᣿
Ҷ𶯣ǻСΪȴΪԪƷﵽֵĳ̶ȣԪֻһ֮ң
׷ҶԾŻҪɫ֪٣ͨױҶǵһμ̶ֳȵʿ
ˣˣ
ͷԪ󶦲ͣ𶯣ӿױͳͳ飬ƺЩֵƵױۡ
ֱӴͭ¯ĵĵطֱǿڹͭȥʱͭľҷðһ𣬻죬û
ҲǷܽˮֱ¶ȸߵˡ
ͷͻȻֳָһԪ󶦣ղǿڴ󶦵ĿʽͷĽṹȻͬڴǿͳͳ붦С
ţһڿԪͷ֣Ȼоſ֮࣡
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ǻҲײףɫֳһĨΣ漴ָԭ״ȻͭײҲܡ
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Ҷǿҵľʵ֮ǿҪ󣬾Ȼɱȡͭ¯ױȹͯʿǿ˲֪ٱ治֪ĸľӢ
֮ű򲻿Ϊ˼ʿմմҶа
׻磬ɱˣּûлֵأ㱻ɱ˵ʵҶҲЩԵã꣬ȴѡ
ԭϣб˿ѷԽˣ
̼ͭͭ¯ױӦʮױɢܣХȥʮɫױǵذ
һ˲䣬ͭ¯ȶԪҡ
ױ
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ĿͻȻҶɨϸЦɵӣ㵹ùСүµһѪ
Ľ׶Ȼǿͭ𣬺ХҶȥƾ춯أƺܽһɽѹ
Ϊδﵽ澳޷׷ӳͭܣ׷ͭݣҲǼڵʿײһ£ҲҪ࣡
Ҷ𣬳ȣȺɨ۵һ֮ͭϣԽʮأ
ǿͭһҷͭıҵð磬
ҶأҲѪڣֽȿڼͷĽȥɱ¶΢Ц¶ɭ׵ݣ΢ЦСѣ˿ɲ̫Ѻã˵ġ


136 ˴
Ľһæջͭͷգգ۾еɱ磬˼һǸСӣ֪Ķ֣
ֻʮһֻ꣬Ҷؿڣ۵һ̲ס۰޲ð§ڻһ۵
С£ҲҪ𷣵ģͻ޷졣
Ҷ΢Цɱ㣬ûΪĽ׵СʳڣһֻҪ֣ףҶͳͳҪȽԷ
Ľ׿һͯСͯ޺СȴĺҶԩ޳𣬽ΪױմѪ㽫Ҷɵνɱ޹ССһ۱ɫ
Сѣƨɣӣ㲻ˡҶȣ
㲻Ҵһ꣬һδɣҲԳ壿ĽͻȻ𣬽³һԪ󶦣ַ֯ĵХԶ쭶ȥ
Ԫڣͭ죬һҪɱľ㣡ԶԶ
Ҷû׷ϣüͷСٶȼ죬޷׷ϣҼܹ׷ϣҲû㹻İĽס
̵ȣʵΪȴԶԶĽףĶ֣¹˭δ֪
ٻɷɲɣ»̲ɫĵӣѵСˣ
Ҷ˼̵ܹ˲ţĽ϶þˣǹϵ׻ңưɽӴħɡ
Сʼֱһ㣬ԪҲɣһö֣ҲԶʱڴΪʱ˭˭Ӯδжۣ
Ҷ̶̧ȥ¶ģȽԼΪٴһ󲽣׻ĸɾӢ档
ĸֶԾһ£Ϊ˱ʾҶǵأǾͽͳͳܡɱǵʬ壬ǵѪǰĵ·
̶׻һռΣյĵطһͷԣǽеĽء
൱Ԫڵĸ֣ޱǿԺɱǿһɽȼǿߣʵ㲻ٻֻҲȥԶ
ˣʿǰ̶ðգﱦﲻ࣬󶼱̶еĶߣй
Ҷѡȥ̶ζû˴ֻҪԣ㲻صĻΣա
̶Χͣ£롣
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Ҷܹٶһʱ䣬öпܻȫ죬ҩЧȻǿ
׻磬붼ҶȲֱӽö븹У߶Ԫ
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ĵͻȻı죬ҩȻʱԪƤë˲佫ëϸѪܳű
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ǾתԪǶ;㼫ΪԶʤʿֻҩһαʱܽŵñ
ҶæתתԪƴЩԪŹתٶȣޣһĸٱڡ
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ǵһݳ޵תԪģŹΪʱǡ
ҶֻԼԽԽǿһɹӿ֫ٺƤͶӲͬױгըһ·𾢹΢΢һ㷢Ե죡
ͻȻתԪٶٴһеԪҲڷת䣬ɫΪɫ
£ڽԪ㣬ҶҿλҲûľ磡
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Щķӿÿ䣬ǿȵȸղŻҪֲ
ͻȻĽ׵Ԫ󶦣򣺡תԪǰҵ壬ױĥǾԪ󶦵ķʽͬ
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ҶɣԼֳȫһǷܽĽȡĹͭ顣
Ĳҩٴĵ;š
ҩһΣĵ;һΣÿҩ֮ĵﾭҲøӼͣԱٴοأÿε;أζԪȴǰʵߣ
ţÿҩΪӲǰһС磡
ҶԭֻǹԪһƷҩһα㽫ΪƷڶƷ
űƷƷһ·
ΪٶȣҶԼÿֲ
ҩڰ˴αȻתԪسɣԪɫɫȻȻݻӸӵķģ
ΪҲԪƷ˸С磬ֻһܳΪԪһƷʿ
ˣҩںľ
ÿϧöֻ˾ŷ֣ǳ׳죬ȻеھŴαҵΪһƵԪڣ
ҶЩᣬöҩЧ֮ǿһĸо͵öôתԪھؾɣ嶤顣
Ҳػӥ̶ֳȵĴޱȣ˿Ȼʵ֣Ȼûаա
鵤ҩΪ粻ȣ߻ħҶһȴںǿΪתԪҲڲϵĸԪԪɫΪû߻ħĿܡ
лᣬһҪʣµļöͳͳ͵ǰֲҵ¥У


137 һư
ȥͻȻ̶ɱŨѪļ¡ë
Ҷͷȥ̶ֻˮ̾һɫ峤аף˶󣬼Ϊֲ
ѵ̶ľ룬ôܻὫͷѣ
Ҷľս̲סĶӡ
ȻδȤĶŰߡ
̶ߣڵĵӱŵ̱ڵأƨ˵ΪȻǱй͵ղصıû뵽ȴͷѡ
ֻ΢΢˿ڵӱɼԶĿС
Խ£˶תЦѵֵ׻翪ӣǺǣ⵹ҵһĻᣬ뿪ƵطȥĻ磬ǿмػǽӱȽϰȫ
ӴͻȻԽԽСΣྐྵȻղڵеһһģһһģ̳һ㣡
̶һץֻһ죬һ˶Ĺˮ׳ˮ棬ڰС
ռʮĶСſһԪСָֻ׸ǴٿĿС
ЩҪٹһʱŻ뿪Ҳᣬȥ׻ȡǿıͻȻڿնֱȥ׻ڶ㡣
ҶһпУɴ˸սȻҪ뿪׻磬ȥƱػֳķ粨
Һθɣ
Ҷʼͷ뿪̶׻ͼһ飬ĵ̶ԻΣ뿪ϳһգΧûʲôֵÿ۵ҩģƾĴֻʣ»ɽͭ¯ȡߡбȼطȥ
˼Ƭ̣Ӧ޾ۼ֮أֵطֻаٻĵӲȥȥɱȡ꣬ϧʱʯҪö顣бӦ֮ܲҶһϲͨȥҲʲôջֻʣ¯Ⱥͻɽ¯ѾȥһΣ֪ɽʲô
Ҷۿ׻һĵͼòп׻˹˼Լ¥ռ䲼õļΪ
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ҵ¥ռ䣬ҲҪ㲼áҶĵ
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һӶսֻĺֶθǿƬϻ
ҶоǣЩоȻвѾͻԪԪڣ澳Ԫʿֻܲ׷ױ澳Լױʵʮֹ
Դӽ׻ҶйֵУûһ澳Ԫڵĸ֣һԪʿðɼٻ˺֣ɵҲкֶΡ
ɽͭ¯Ⱥ棬ҶУᴩʵǣǰǰС
Ҷٱң
ҶͻȻһϤѭȥֻɽʿҲͭ¯УΧȡױһһŮʿ֡
ŮʿӦɲŵĵӣеĸߴͣţŮĽС磬硣
˶ѾԪڣΪ棬ԪԪԪԪƷԪҪʤֹʮ
λɲŮӣʿֻҪͷԪڣһŹݣԵˣУȴɭصɱɱΡ
ͻȻƯͷĹ죬һνһʿͻȻķѣ
ɽ˺Ǵ˵ױֵϷǸɲŵŮӣߵӲʯͷŽ˼ŭɷ˵㶯ɱˣһɵһʿ
ҶվһԹЦ֡
ɽȻŭȵҶģ㣬׻չǣȻԹۣȥ֮󣬿ô㣡
Ҷٲ֣ǳȥ֮󣬱ɽһʿе
һȺ׳ա
ҶЦϸ粻ңҡСҵˣҳִȣࡣ
գ֮䣬ʿһˣɽɫ֣̿ڷ¼ӣధҶΪ⼸ʿ¥еױղأҲɲŵһա
֪ĶҲҪͿʲôݣ˵ȻҲҾӸ£
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷתͭ¯ȥȴڴʱߴ͵ʿǰЦСӣղǼʶҲʲôö
ҶħʿʲôˣҶ񵭵һЦ
Լ˼֪֮ӲΪԼǺˡ
ɲŮ΢΢üȵ̸棬Ҫ£
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ŮĬĬȻĬΪ
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Ҷһɱȴ΢Цλʦ֣鷳С˷۱
һԪڵСʿҲ˴Բѣ
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ɲŵŮӼ״̾Ϣһû
ҶΪһĿȻδֵľ磬ӦֻǹԪڵʿŮӶ̸ġ
̸ϼ˫ޣΪ򸾣Ϊ֪֮̸ѾԪڣɵһԪڵʿȻ׾١
أ
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̸һۣѣŭһԪȼգǵҶѹȥЦһӵױӰ
¶ȼߣױڻʿױ
ǿ֮һɫ͵ȵױջΪ
̸ոɣԶûдﵽľ磬ֻǵɫҲͬСɣԪʿǿֶ֮һŻ˵ҪҶ

˵Ҷϣȼգ죬Ա߷һױҲյڻ
̸дϲȴڴʱֻ֮УͻȻ̽һֻȽɫ֣һͷ
Ŀ࣬а˳ߣǴְһʱѹһűò


138 ɽҩ
ͻȻѿҶӻ߳ϵĻ磬·չ⣬¶Ƥһ鼡𣬵һ㣬С
̸Ҳûܵκ˺һ˿Ҳûս
ҳ֣³Ҷ̸ʬһۣЦ
λɲŮӴվԭأƺûлعʼգҶֻһΣһƱ㽫ΪѾﵽԪڵ̸水Ϊͣʵȴɲ⣬Ϊ
Ҷ񵭵һۣתͭ¯ȥ
ŮӴ˴ͷͻȻֳһŹݣǶ˶ɫ粻ȴʼղҶ֡
Ƭ̣ͻȻ׷ЦλС磬ɱ˼ҵɷѵһ֮
Ҷͣ½ŲͷЦЦʦ㣬ô죿
ŮŤ˰Σ糺죬ԳԵɱ˼ҵɷ˼һɷǡ
Ҷȥ˼˫ֻ֮ҪӦ˫ޣΪٽһ׻УҲû˻Ķ֡
̸¶ˮޣɲŵŮ󷨣̸Ϊ޽Ȩ֮ƣ໥Ϊѣûжٸ顣
ɲŵŮǽƪм˫֮ɲŵŮӶһصķӺϼ˫ޣԴ˴˵Ϊ
ΪԵʣɲŲſĸԸɲŵĻ֮֮͡
˼СûȤ
ҶǸȻһЦʦʵҲˣСܿ԰һһģòãأһ˲ţʦ䡭
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ҩڻɽۣ֮Ա߱ǻɽڣҽðһ޴ݣɴСͬһͨɹŰһը죬һ㣡
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Ľ߲ĳߣǰȷǸСЦδɵСӣСүûɱ㡣˵գԴҩ֮С
ҶҲæ˽ȥ˷ڹһܣ΢΢üıﲢû࣬١
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ջط˵ֱٵÿ

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ڵĵӣ㴳׻磬ȥңڣڴ֮ǰҪѹ׻еı
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140 ߸
Ҷվڻɽۣ֮ˣ˴ߴٵСӣϿ
ү֣Һһ㵥
̵ģٲǱҪȥˣ

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޿Ѫ˲֪ٿţһȭԶſͣΣ־ŭ
˶ʮԪڵʿЩʿΪͳͳɣΪһԪƷľ硣һɱʮˣǵľһٽѪԪƷľ磬ûһ֮С
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ٻ̥ڣûеԪ̥ľ磬ֻ¶ɷԪ̥飬Ҳûжٰա
Կ籦ļֵڣðٻǿۺ졣
걦ǺöΪ֮ðգ
ҶժһöѪᣬ֣ؽԵˣ磬СΪֵܣ޳öѪ㵱ɼ뽹磬ԸӴûκ߻ħΣա
Ե˲ƴǣֻ£Լϵֵġ
׻ѹ˲ٱв׻ƵĿԱ߻ħױѪᵹôġ
ԵöѪ֮󣬼Լֵ۰Ͱ͵ĿƬ̣ŻȻ
ֵܰԼıﶼҷɼ͸ңأҵܺˣϲ˵ﵹҪƲҡ
ԵƬ̣Ϊ˾ʱѾ׻ǰѹһ飬п۵ıͳͳߣҲмﱻ׻ĽƣʵҲ޷ȡ
֮ۺ񣬻Ҫڰٻħ֮ϣȡһðٻǿߴ֣ɱͷѪ
ſ³һױֻͬĳɳǧëɣмв֪ʲôϴɵǣЦ͵ܣ֮׻˷ڵ㣬ΪӣΪҲ֪ʲôôֻ֪ԷУٶҲ׷ϣΪְɼ͸͵ܡ
磬̫ˣ
Ҷдϲ׻һ֮Уֻ͸ıǰ㣬ܱ֣µķڵıȻǼΪ˲õرæƴǼ䡣
ԵŭգǿΪ֡
ҶΪѣų״ױ£ĵҵǲȻİҵֵܣٶʲôͷǸ׵׵Сˡ
Ե˳ֵܣԭƭһߣȴİɴԴ
Ե˼£οЦΪ˵õΪַ˺ܴһƿ׻µĽƣ㻨һʱŽСȵ͵澳ɼһ֮ٶȣ֮κεط͵ܶȥã
Ҷ񽫱õУв΢΢һ״ױᣬ
Ȼᵽ˼㣬乹֮ӣҪԶԶ
ͨױľٹᦡٶᦣһ壬ֻһ졣
֮δԪ߶ʱ㳤ɣнëٽڣÿһëÿһǶһױЩױ齨һ𣬲Ź֮ģ
һױ澳ʿͷ֮ȴһױϣֵֻܽٻͳͳ£
Ե˼֣ЦӦֻһױһ֣Ĳλ׻ҲûеõΪҲ֪ʲôӡ
ҶĿ֪࣬˵ʲôǺã˸ӵıȻֻһױɲ֣֮һô֮θӣ
磬ʵ̫ˣҲգҶĿ⸴ӣЩᣬɫ
ΪȻ֮ɼ͸ҶȻ֮ΪϲԵνԭûаģܾ֮
Եɫת䣬ɢŨߵĪ㿴ңͳĶջϻ˵׻缴۴±ᱻ֮ܳȥϽ·
Ҷٶ˵֮Լ¥Уڲ֪ԼȻס˰֮ãǰٻٴο׻ӡ
ԭȥڶѰ⻰ҵ׻꿪һΣֻе֮ܳȥ
Ŷ籦ԵͨϿȥ
ûܽ׻һ㣬оίʵϧȻԵѾ׻ѹһ飬۽缫ߣ౦￴ۣ֮ȡ
ЩԵ˵ֵó֣˵ǼΪϡѵá
ȵһ׻翪֮󣬿ҶѾ澳Ҳûл׻֮ˡ
˿̣׻һ㣬ʿѾۼһҶЩ죬໥ƴɱͼɱ˶ᱦϵıνңв˲ⶾ֡
׻ڿֻͻȻѿһ޴ĶڣӶ⿴ȥֻɵһԵ˶Ϊ׻֮УĿռȻͬԲִ
ٻֻԼҵĵһ׻зɳƬ̣ʮʿǰ
ôô٣ɷɫʱüΪѿܹɳʮӣлļĽףû뵽ĽףɷȻܹ˻ų
Ҳɫ࣬ڱɷҪҵֻӴߵĹĪףҲɥ׻֮С
ɲǧɫҲÿɲŹԷ򸾴Ȼ˶Ѿɥɷڵס˵Ȼ˲أܻһˣôôࣿһʮˣֻвʮ˻ųѵѪ񱤵µĶ֣


146 ۽Ե
Ѫ񱤵ٱѪ񾭣ɳʮԪƷʿΪԪ۷壬޵ʵ϶ѹȺۡ
ɲΪ޸ɵôʿüɵĵ˲ء
ģǰٻʮӣٻֻܹɳʮλӣ̶ȵȴǰҪһЩҰʿȫûһ
嶾̵ҶҲ׻ô
Цݺݵ嶾ȫûҹڻˣ
Ȼ˵嶾ɳôĪĶ
࣬Ҷ汳лο
ҶٱҲô
ٻһӴ׻зɳΨûҶӰЩϧϧˣұΪͣû뵽Ҳ׻С
ѪǺֶΣ
ɲЦޱɱôӣ˴Ѫ񱤿νǴգհȻЦ˾Цеŭ⡣
˶ѪҲΪŭɫ
󣬺ǺЦǩЭʱй涨׻Уɵ죬Ѫ𣬵滹Ҫͺѵأ
ǧƿԣŭһǵȷйЭ飬ᣬǵҲ÷
Ц־޳һ£˲ȫɱģҲЩɱ
˴ɻ˭Ȿ£ĪļҵǸСӣ
ǣĽ֣ҲЩɱˡ
ɫͨ죬Ǹˣ嶾̵ҶҶٱ
ˣô˵ѪСӱ˸ڹȻŭȵСأ
˵СͼԽͨϿȣɷ⣬˿̶ѾˡλѪ񱤱ڹ
һԸ֪߰Լ˵˻Ҳϣɲ˽ԵѪɣȻϣԸڹ
׻Ѿûлŵĵˡٻ̾Ϣһ
˻ͷջױͷͻȻ˴׻гһ꣬һʿ
˶ȥλҶٱҶʿǹڵĵӡ
СӾȻţ
Ȼŭ̧һƽһԵȵ˼ͷϸֳŭ㲻˵Ѿôô
ĽվںȻСͬͯӣѩɰ˿ȴĿݣĶҶĿת
Ľ֣֮Ҷ˳Ҷļҵ㵴Ȼ޴档
ͻȻЦû뵽ҹڻеӻųǿϲɺأ˵Ϲ֣ɷȥļҵĹӣȻֻˣҹڻҪңһΣȴɷˣ
ŭһҲûϵҶһ۵ĹڵӾȻš
ӵ⣬ĵϷԭΪĪŵӣҹڴ˴׻дʣû뵽Ȼˡ۵ĻƺƣҿأȻҲܻŻ
Ե˳Եڵ֮УһлƺƣĿǰ仯ģ
ƺڹڣ˴ԺζĿɹƭ°ӣʮȫйһ仰ۣݴ˵Ϊ
ȵʱ˵
˴׻翪˿ûаѻƺƷϣ׻紿ӦڻҼȻûļһܹŻ
˿̡ƺơδ˴׻гĻŭţĵӵҲࡣ
ƺˣֵ
ո뵽ƺơҶվһ𣬲صԼߣ˵ЦԴһɣ̣ѱˣǣʵʵڵİǣ
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ѪѪͷɽݺݵɽѻƺƵͷң˵գԦƹŹ˺Хȥ
ҶУһջķɣɭȻ
ҶһڹмΪŭȻ֪׻ЩӣһСҶУɿˬ
ҲעҶ׻ʱΪǹԪһƷ˿̴׻߳ȻԪһƷ˾ŸС磬һ󾳽磡
еΪҪ˴ȵҲҪһ굽ʱ䣬׻絽񣬲Źʮ죡
ҶǫѷбԣҶĳһıǴ֮á
ЩŴ׻гʿ⻰ѹЩѪ
һıҶħθɱôˣô౦Ȼ٣
ʵҶʵʵ˵ռıȷ٣ߵԵȣõıõóֵģֻԵ͸Ǽ֮ˡ
ŭһȥ
æϣô죿ѵŹСӣ
ô죿
ŭɫȵûϢĶԼżˣ·ϸɵѵҪΪԳֲɣ
ɷҲȥĽ׿ҶЦҶЩӿҪúõıסԼСүΪɣҪȡ
Сܵܣؼҳȥɡ
ҶЦ岻ھѼҡ
Ľɫ࣬ɷѾȥҲҶ֣ЦŶã˵գͻȻֳһڴ󶦣ȥ
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ǧĿҶһۣЦҶΪֶθǿ˵գɲȥ
Ҷ˸սŮЦصҲǸ򵥵
֪ҾٺһЩ⼸ɵĵӣͳͳɵҲ˵ٻĵӲ˵˭֪Ҹɵģжݺݵ
ݵʿȫûҲüɳʿȻҲɥ׻УҶл䣬ȥ
ҶҪл׻УչҰٻĵӡٻЦ
Ѿѯʹ¶ˣ֪Ҷ־ȹǣҰٻ֮ҲҶûаϵɥ֣֮Ǳɵĵɱ
ҶЦˣڣȻӦ

ٻǳǳһЦһۣͷҶգҰٻʱܼաղȥЩˣҪͼı죬ͬУ˼ȴһ·Ҷصɽֶ棬лҶ
Ҷ񵭵ЦصɽΣɽСèСֻܲסл⣬Ҫҵĵϴ·ϰΣս
ҶдģǱͷˡ
Ƕ޴ˮŰٻӻɽϣ¶ǵҶ᲻£
ٻȻЦȻ˵϶İաҶǷǳġҡ
ɫأ¶֮ɫߵǸڵĵӣһּΪΣյĸоȻһͷײеޣֱ϶һЩС񡭡


147 
ǴǰҶôɣͲаٻĸֻͣڣȴͲðٻߡ
ԵڣٶһҲ٣а
̤ߣȺѾɢ⣬ҶЦ磬ûеطţȥɽСɽĵԲﷶΧСܵĵ̡
Եϸ룬ǵһ߳׻磬ۿȥ·죬ȷûеطȥͷ
Ҷĳϣɽȥ
ֻĳʮƷƳǰʮѾױһȼĴڣȴǰ׶˰ٱٶȼ죬ֱҶ죬Ӧ֣Զı
ȸ³ͣһʮᣬǽ«ҶĿǰ޷ʹãסѪĹϮò
ټҶľתԪ߲ҶţԼѾװݣȸɲԻҪ׶񼸷֣
ҵ¥УղױױҲصɽԷŸʯǡʯѾԪڣĶ죬ױҲûһ
ʯɽľŸУΨһһõóֵûױʵòӣͬȼʿֻбŰķݶ
Ҷ¥лϺҩģϺʣױҪЩϺױΪԼһױ
ҩģֲ
һɽͷܱеæˡ
ںʱ˲ٶѾһ֮˿ЩľɱɾֻʣһͷƳ档
ͷĹƳ棬ҶǼΪڴ
ϴĳѪϣȡĲ嶾ͨĶںȡȴǶѾĶ˴ιƳ죬϶ĳѪǿࡣ
ɳ̤Ե˫ĿƳһۣͻȻ͵ܣĳ˲١
ҶܴһۣҲ޵ϢЦɷûм֣ӳ˶࣬ɱһˣ
Ե˹Ц̾˵úãֻҪǳˣǾͳͳɱ⣡տʼʱԽɱԽ࣬ɱҶµʱ򣬱û˸ĳˣ
Ҷ⻰˸սܲñ˵ɱĺء
Ե˵ɱıҪ˲֪ٱֻԣףǶԵõײгԣɱϵ
Ե˻֣һֱԱƱ׻繫еķ
ͽ
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ΪѾﵽ澳۷壬ԪƷڵʿǿ˲֪ٱ˵⻰ʱһȻӣΪԼѾԶҶˡ
һʿЦԾüүǳ֣Ļǣױ֮Уܿ࣡
һʿٺЦǹ£ͷģү˵һʱһ·
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ƺƵı֣ڹ͵ȵĵӣɽĸʦʦ
Сӣѹ˵㼫ȵȻһʿŭȵ
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Ҷ֣ԵָͷҲδɽ˱ɥΪƿֲ
ľǣ׻ɷȵڶ˲֪ٱԵ˾Ȼһڷɷǻ֮У˿塣
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Ϲ֣޷õУҲû¥ıǵʵҪԶͬȼʿ
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ҶЦ
޶ݺݵһۣЦ壬µСӣ
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ʯŵû겻壬Ŵзɳæµĵطȥе˼û°ɣ

Ҷɫʱˣգգ۾૵ͷ嶾̵Ľˡ


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СԺУҶϰϰϽʹߣͷ綷Եһȭɽܴ飬߾Ȼ˵Ƥ֮ˣΪǸĪ⡣
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߰ɣҶе

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ҶĦãÿһ춼ӡԺ֮УЦлȫ
ԶԵ˵֮ͶѡһгɵԣҶԾŻʼղ䷨ģԼ̬Ҷһ


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˴ֲҶһȣͷϵ־ŭȴҶӰΣ䣬һȽһȥŭƫܣƫܵ


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Ҷֱ൱ڰһСɵĿ棬ͳͳᵽĵ֮УѹֺŻֵǡ
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Сί֣漴һЦλӭ´ι٣С߳Ϊ񣡡


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ϧûн˶ƭȥֻĸǰȥһٶС㡭Щϧ


159 ̫
Ҷû˵ԵȻΪѪ񱤱ƽʵٻһټ׻ѹεıֻ°ٻҲδĶ֡
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ͻȻһΪոԪڵʿҽУԻױڣ˱׻ճɻҽҲûʣ¡
ʿɥ󲿷Ԫڵĸ֣û֧ŵأͳͳ𺣡
ֻлԪڵʿǿ֧һ£Ҳ޷ֺ֧ܳʱ䡣
أأأ
һʿ¥Ӳ׻յըѣԭ⣡
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¡׻«ӿֵķΧԽԽ޸Ҳ׻ַΧ֮У
޸һɽʱԴԴϳȡһ޴ķ֣׻档
޸Ӫ꣬ۺ񣬾ȻǳԪžʯƬͰɽ׻ȻңҲ޷ݻĸ
ȾͷҲƬ𺣾׷ϸ߿գĿȥһĿ࣬˵
ֻ֮ˮʱڣ׻ƬƬĺˮڼ䣬㽫Ƭոɣ¶Ƭʱڣڣҽ
Ա߲кˮӿδӽ׻ķΧ㱻ɾ
«ֲ֮Ҷ֮ϣХƵضɽҡ춯أ
˿̣Ҷѻ׻а跭ɣ޼ɵ
ѻǻо׻˵в˵ˮ
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ڵ̱ڣգۼ㱻ճһҺ壬ȥ
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²δӦ㱻ɴ׻ɵĻһյøɸɾʬ޴棡
˿̣˷ڿ֧ţԪڵĸ֣Ѿͳͳ𺣣һ
ٶʿʮɵĵӣ̶Ϣʱ֮Уֻʣˣлǵڵǿߣ
Ҷһ𣬴ӻдɲŵλ긾˵ĵǰ˴
ʣˣ
«е׻Ѿʼ˥ߣź«ʱֲ̫׻һ˲İ˳ɡ
ĴУڻ׷ɱǿߣƽʱЩױԽޱ޼ʵ׻֮У泹׵ߵ
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«е׻ڿݽߣҶһź«𣬼Ѱʣˡ
ڣѰ١ֻ˾Ȼͷһڴ󶦣ڻзٴ󣬱ˣԵòôǱ
ĵҲʼ׻ڣһεˮ䣬֧ţΪ罵͡
Ҷ˴ɽĵӣһ١Ҷȵ
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ֱ̽˫צץס١ͷĵ١¶׻֮С
ҶģҲŹ㣡١ҽУʼðܻ棬ȼգΪһʱƬ̲ᱻ׻ȴ޷ֻֿܱĥ
ֻʸҲûУҶЦ漴߸߷ĴѰ˷䡣
λڵǿߣѾͳͳУûһѣûѰ˷
׻ܽɢֻʣ·Բ׵һ飬ˮӿĺ档
ĵԭ
ҶͻȻ˷˿̾ȻѾɵ޸Եȴ棬޷롣
ʱ˷׻յñˣϺһһ飬Ҳ̶á
ΪѾ׻ĵʣ޼ǿܷڿУҡҡλΣƺʱܵ亣С
ҶԷȥаͻȻڵɢʱ֪ѻҩѾꡣ
Σ˷ߣ¥лȡ
˷оæҶɱңļҲŹ㣡ֻҪŹңҷľ鷳
ԭǺεȽҶмһˣһһɽҰȴò¸߹ͷ­Ҷһ
ҶĿ¶ɫЦļұͲŹҡɱһɱɱһٸҲɱѾɱˣںһ
һļұȻзĻر˷ͻȻధ
̣ҶС磬ѾɱôˣеĶҲˣ
Ҷ̧ͷڲɱɱҡ֪ʱ᲻ȣֻԹۣ
ɫ˱䣬̾˿˵
ࣣ
Ҷ̧һȣ˷Դõ÷飡
ˣٶʿɱһգһ


168 һ֮Լ
ΣˣҲһԭΪҶɣߵĻҲûУ˭ҲûϵȻڹؼʱթɱʮˣһңʿֵ˻ͷ
û뵽ǣ˷ٴνΧλڸǱ֣֪֮Ҷȴ㷭Щˣһ򾡣ɱɾ
«ǰź«̲ص׻𣬿ƿֲ˵Ľ׵û뵽ҶֱȾͷҲϵ
ϧˣ«һ϶һ̼ױװ˷ˡ̾Ϣ
ͷĬĬͷ«˿ֲֻͷһΣЩͷУƱؿú«ߣ׵׵һ̼ױ׻ܷӵ
ױܿ϶ɷɷǳ졢ٻǶˮɽ徻һΣ
«Ҷ򿪣׻ͷһգֻʣº«˵ź«ôȻ
ö˶һ̼ױĤߣ˷ˣҡͷпǧ
ǸľǣҶıȻ֮ࡣ
˵Сȥһ̤׻磬Ӯҡ
ȾͷаҶΪò
Ҷ˷ĶԹѾǲݣĹһ˷Ҳ˿мعٴҶ֣ܴļĸ֣
ǧͻȻЦСҲȻ˴ʵڿɶ񣡡
ҶʱҲִȣ˿̳Ҷ飬ˣֲ
Ϊ޸ĵ֮ͨ˿ԴȣǧȻָɵҶ񣬵ֺ꣬Ϊ
˷ʱԾһ㶴Ԫ¥һը¥еղ̻ͬɢ䣬׹䡣
ЩղУϾӶ࣬һ龭䣬౦УԵüΪĿ
֣ղҲҪͳͳң
ҶһջȣԪȣ֣Ԫ̽һֻ֣ԲɴСץȥЩͳͳԼ¥֮С
ĿͻȻǺЦļӵ¥еղأ˵оŶ׻ʾ׷ؼǿļ׷֮һѵҲûȤ
Ҷ˷¥еղأǲ飬˵ǾŶ׻ʾҲȻĶ
û˵Ŷ׻ʾȷؼǿļ׷֮һ׷졢ءˮ𡢷硢ɽסһ׷ͳͳͳͳѹ˲ɲģ
ĲⱾȷǾŶ׻ʾ
Ҷ΢΢һЦжһ飬ȻҪȥ
ĶסеĽ飬¹ȴʼղҴ߽顣
Ϻ֪ȡⲿ飬൱ڵļң֮ܿ
ļңŶ׻ʾ˵У
Ȿ飬ʲôǸɽ󣬵õԼڣ
Ҫ
ҶЦһɲ΢ЦûȤ
ǧɫ΢䣬ЦСܵܣɽ㻹ԼŰա
ҶλЩ˱֮ҽæҡͷ
õŶ׻ʾǵļңŲԶˡ
λǴȻǲգôֻҪԼˡҶЦ漴Ŷ׻ʾԼ¥ռ䡣
ЦõŶ׻ʾûмļҵľŶҲܽ׷ɡ
Ŷ׻ʾǹŶ׷Ż˵ֻ
ǧĿͻȻ߳޸ЦҶɱɲôˣȻҲԴСɲҲò۸۸ˡ
΢΢üŵĵȣԹҶ
ǧǸȻ¹ɲŵ棬뷨Ҫ
תͷҶ΢ЦܽһУɲĶԹһʹ
ȪŵҲ߳޸ЦеӣҲвҶУ˱棬Ҷһ֮Լ
Ҳвٵ֮ҶйأղײգͳͳԹա
վ˳ǺЦĳҲҶһ֮ԼҶܻĶԹɢ
мλվ׷׿ڣҶһ֮Լ
ԭҶУΪֻһֻֿϣҶɱˣʱ֪Сꡣ
ǵȵҶɳƱһǲľͷˣȻ˶ԹôǳĨɱΪ
Ҷ־ŭЩһ֮һ֮𣬷ǿ׿ۣ뽫ء
ҶĳĻһ֮Լͳͳǣ
ЦҶĪЦһ졣
ͷ΢ЦҶΪóһ«Ҳ߲һУʵֻҪһ˳֣ԽС
ǿҶĿЦ⣬ͬڿһֻţ
֮ҲҶԼǴոֶѡ
λҶСһ֮ԼˡԶͻȻٻ
һۺɫĿлԽԽ󣬽ַԲʮĶľɣ
ٻվ֮£ʮ״ϸͬһɫͭ
ĻУͻȻһ飬ԣһҡҷˣɢֲϢ
֣ҶŻɱʱ˱ֹͣս˿ЩƤ۸Ҷ񣬱̲סվ˳
ȻʦΪСӳͷôСñʦһӡСøˣǧݿЦ漴Զȥ
֪ʵѾ̥Ԫ̥֮Уʵ֮ǿԼǶ֣Ҳһ֮Լ飬ﳤȥ
Ҳ﹬ȪŵǺһЦҲȥ
м뿪Щ˶֪ٻʵҶһ֮ԼΪ˽ѿ֮УٻҶԼǿɲҶ񣬷ٻˡ
ĿǺЦˡڵԡŴҶͼָɵҶѾҶ²֮𣬴˿ʵðһԡ
ͷͻȻֳһޱȳؾ޴Ĵģͨͬڽһַھ޹ı淭ɣɴɵķġ
ڵ֮ġ
ڴڵĿʦһԪڵʿǳ
ң˷ʤѾ飡
ԼԪڿУɢֲܡ
˫ָһɵĹ׵ԭ·һʿ˿ȴݣһеһ
еĹ׵δ£ֻٻͷͻȻֳһֻԲĶԪ֣ץסһɨݺؿںͺ֮ϣʱ˴ɨɣ
ŷɳʮѪ߹ҲҶˣǱ־ŭ
˭˵վһУ
ٻ嵭ĶУЦ˵ҶСһ֮ԼǱһУ㣡


169 Ů
⻰ٴѪæģ޺ȥܴܴ裬Ҳû޸Ҳ˴С
ɫٻһЦ̣Ϊƣ˺ţTͷɫţŴεϷҲδŭ赭дĽţT˴򷢡
ΪԵʣΪۣȴˣٻҲħɣħ֮ڲأŭʱŻ¶
λҪһ֮Լ嵭˿
Ĭڳͷģֻˣѹһģֻһ˶ѡ
ҪҶҲֻ޿κΡ
Сԣ
ͻȻЦͷ߲챦ͻȻɳһӭһʱ֮źХٻͷѹ£
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ҶֻѣָͷҲ޷
һ徻ɽѹ÷ԲĿռͬһ飬¥ֵԪͳͳص
вɺȻһ֮ʵĹƵನ޷ֻ֮׸
ȥ
ٻһ徻񲻼ӵֵԪץסݺȥ
Ļһ£״ͬɫ޴ͷ⣬ɢ˷θӦǲմ̻ױ˿ȴ·һɽǵذ䣡
ȻҲӵֵȻȣͻȻֳһ£ͬʱĻ̥챦һϼ⣬ס
Ϊٻ£ͬͻ̥ǿߣһһħ˿̾ȻӲӲٻһֳ£
ͬһ˲䣬ٻе߲⺮¥ͻȻɳһͷޣɣĿǣ׶쳣
ͷͻȻſ³һöԪ浤ٻĻ̥ӳԣȻһͷԪ
ͷչһԶʱ춼ǳһһ㣬գ
ٻħԪ澭ĵķǼޣΪױͷȻǰٻޣΪ֮ǿȫɵ
徻Ȼ£֮Уë׷׷飬ͷƺһһѪ漴ɻذٻ¥֮ˡ
ͬʱɽһҲϣѪɫЩ԰ף
Ůƽ￴磬˿̾Ȼ˵ƢҪ𱬣һԲϱ֣ӲӲ˻ˣڳգ
ʦȻСˣ
ջ徻תߣգۼӰ١
ٻɫҲЩ԰ףʵǿӵһͷԪֻҲҪ˲ǳ
㲡ҪһǰС˴ˣǾԾʹˣ
ٻ׹˸̽Ų׷˳ȥڰ·ϳ׽ͷصɽˡ
ʦߣһ̣ٻЦ
Ƕ˵ٶȼ죬̼ʧʡ
Ůˣ治ʡģ
̾ϢһڿնҲʧٶȾȻǻҪϼȴǴȰܣ˷ֳ
Ҷգգ۾޸쿴ȥӰӰ٣ĵŮ˴ܣȻҲ˻𱬡
ŮˣǱƢƽ￴ô嶯ˡһҡҡͷ뿪޸
һ뿪̾ϢǶˣһϲȥԷҫ԰ڣοǶˡ
Ů˴ܣ׳ۣϧ޸սҲ׷ȥ
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˵Ц䣬Ҷ񵱼Լϵ亣Уİ壬ԸһЩˮº̡
ҶЦĶνҪǳԪžʯͼĲϣɱЩʿղصĲϣٱһֲȡͳͳ׸λ硣
ţT˶һۣٺЦٱĲҪ
Ҷͷ˶ʱ˷쳣ǺЦʿıﰡ޸ӷˣ
ţԺԶʮױװݺβͣţTţ
ٱӦٶɵһЩˣܸɵһõǵ֮˫۷Ź⡣
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ҶԼǷݣϸϸһ£Ƶ̾˿Щвٱ׻ڣƷʵ͵ֱӱҲвٱճɻҽͼĲϣһҡ
׻ЩԭЩʣ˿ͳͳȥøӴ
ЩͼȻ󣬵϶Ҫԭࡣ
ΪؼǣǳԪžʯûжʧԭж٣ڻж١
ЩǳԪžʯӣܶʧ
ðЩͳͳɵһ۰졣ҶЦ
ţTۣСɱ̫أҲľ
ûðٻǹȰǶĹͣαض֣
С֪ˡٻЦ
Ҳ׼ȥ´Ҷ񣬹˰ΣҶԺ޸ᣬ㲻Ҫ¡
ҶͷţTЩᣬЦҶϵܣҪǵ
ݺݵһۣǸȻĿҶ񣬵޸ᣬҶǲҪĺá
ҶЦǡ
˴޸ᣬʧأԭӦһʢ£ȴ˽ˣλﶼǸصĻ
޸ᣬȻҲʱʱѰɱǱϾ˲࣬ȴΪλҶĵһ׳˵м˸𣬱̲
ⳡȷѪ꣬ȫҶ
ˣԣ޸ٻӭҶĹ١
Ҷϰٻ㳵ͬУݸȥϣٻҶС磬ص̰֮ңܶԶԶļӵУҲ˵㲻˵϶˻˵ֻٹãᴫļҵĶУʱһס㣬ס㣬ɽǸ֣ͬҲס㡣
ҶĬĬͷĽ˷˶Уõļϵ׷Ŷ׻ʾļҶɱ
ļôֲҶʵ
ٻ˵ͷȻļңλ׻ʣصĹңǼеĳߣ߳һˣɶڻ¡ЩСУһ˯еľȻҲײҵǡ
ңһҪңҶ֣صͷ


170 һ÷֪
ļֹϵңԴԶأ̲ޱȿֲӵвֹһ׻磬ĥӵܣҪһСҲ׾١
Ҷ񲻹Ǵ׻лüɱķɵˣĳЩҲΪ֮ݣɼļĹҵĵ̣Ǻεۺ
۲ֻҶԶԶȲļңĲƸļǰ˵ţһë
ļûжԸĴ㣬ҶҲȥ˶ʮ̫ɣڡɷɲšڣɽҲˬݣֻ鷳
ҶصɽټʯˣǴ򷢻϶ܷͷ
ʯȻΪļҺǰȻԶԶ
Ƭҵֻˡ
Ҷվ嶥Ⱥɽ̾Ϣ
ӺݣֹȣٲȻһλ۰һħ
ɽķ֮أ֮ǰҶ񲻹ǸոճΪʿССɫʱ˿̣ȻƹܷԲɽصĶɱ٣Ҷħǲ֪˺֮ǵĳң
͵ܣ뿪Ҳãǧֻһط֮ţΪҲޡԵ˲֪ʱ󣬿ڵ
˵ǡҶΪȻ
뿪ݣĳɾܴﵽҶļ뿪ݣΪҲֻܴﵽٻ۽ʶ
뿪֮󣬼ʶӹ磬ʶ߲εǿߣ۽ĲŻóܽ
ʹǰʹ˽׷Ḷ́ǱǿĹ̡
ֻһСطԶҲܼʶ¼жٸ֣жôʵ˺¡
磬ͼѾˣҶڴ֣ʵ
صɽ֮󣬱㽫еĲϽԵˣæͼ
Ե˵ͷһӭһֻױ৵չ˿ߣɽϿշӣգۼ㽫ɽʮɽ֡
ͼհһƬȻûд󷨣ûκ
ҵĲϹ࣬Ҳܲõػͼٶȼ졣ԵЦֽͼһϼ״塣
͵ܣԪ̫޷ͼſ񣬴ͥΪһ֮ױ
ͥϸλüģΪԪסڴ˵أԱͥ
Ҷԣæ񣬳ϸԵһָüģͼʱ˳ָˮҶü֮С
ҶüģһϸСͬƤ²һö۾
ϸоֻϸжһ壬ͼԪϸӳԡ
ͬʱԵ˵ϸ֮УǿнԪͼΪһ塣
˿̣Ԫͼݣײɷָ
Ԫһ겻֪Ĺ¥еһģһͼ֮УϸԵΪ׳ۡ
֪Ϊһ÷֪
Ҷסһǰ˵ĹʫЦԭ֪仰ʲô˼֪ϸԪ˵ľǲԪеױ
Եջü͵ܣԪ̫ˣǿͼֻ̥޷Ԫ̥֮С
ҵԪ̫
Ҷգգ۾Ц磬ˣҵԪѾˡͬľ磬ͬ׷еԱҪǿ٣Сܵ׷Ԫʿױ
ǱȣԪȷǿЩˣֻӹŶѡ
Ե˵ǴܹѾ˲ĳɾˣûпܡĿǰĳɾͣ԰ҵĻɶ߷硣뽫иߵĳɾͣͱ봸Ԫ񡣡
Ҷ񰵵һֵ֣磬ҪԪ񣬸ô֣
Ե˼ͷϴЦѰһԪķĥԪ򵥿ݵ;ͬΪ磬Ԫǿʿ׷ױԽ󣬶ĳɾͣҲͻԽߡֻԪ㹻ǿˣ·;ߵĸԶ
ҶȻĻμġ
ĵ·ϻһһ񣬱п;Ե˵Ļ˵ָȷķǰ
ʿģһߴԺĵ·һ·ȥȷʱԻͷ֮ӡ
Ե˸һӡ
Ԫķ֣˵ҶçͨǴԪ񡣲ķӵӦԪ񣬷޷
Ҷ˼Ԫ񣬱ӦķçԪ񣬱çͨķûκЧ
Ԫһ겻֪Ҳ֪ȥѰӦķ
·£һüĴǸСͻȻѿͬһöüĵ۾ͼ۾зɳչӦǾʫ֪Ϊһ÷֪
Ҷ߳һ¥Ȼ𣬴¥зɳһſ飬ûͼ֮У
գ۹һǶ΢С󷨱㱻ͼʱǣԴԴעͼС
һſһС󷨣ãʮ󷨱״ͼһǶ΢󷨡
޸õʮǳԪžʯԼԭľʯǡǡ㹻󷨣˿ͼʱԲʮԴԴϻۡ
˿̣ͼвٿհһƬǶһſĽᾧ·ǳһ財
Щڷٱ󣬹СʱһſĳߴСͼϵļȡȥпܽɽһƬ޺
ҶһǶ΢ͼʱСûüģԴԴӿͼ
ֻԼûжΪٴͻͽתԪٶȣԪٶ˵ԺԲƣ
ÿһ䣬뵵ﵽ͡
ֻʣһǮ仧ͻȻõƸһ
Ҷ̲סХһҰþòеϲã֪
üſǶͼüУէͬ۾ϸϸȥȴʮСǶޣһſǳתͬǿգۼͬʱֹ쵽㣡
Ҷüĵ۾պϣͼϵ˷֣ɽΣҴüеͼ൱ڴһʱض
ͼֻҪϼȡᾧ׳һ죬ЩﵽɷеᾧһΣʱͼ֮֮ǿҪɱǳ֮ϣ
֮죬ҶһֱüĵۣԴԴϵļȡΪҲڲһԪƷԪƷԪƷ
ֲֿٶȣǰκһʱڶҪ죬֮ʱ
ٶȥֻ¹˶ã澳޳ԪԲݡױ𣬳Ϊһҵĸ֣
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Ĵ󸫾ȻųһͷСȱڣʱ絶еҵĸӣ
֣ĸôãֻǸˮɣ
ҶЦһͻȻһƬӰѹ£ɽͷĳ֮Уһֻŭֱ趯ֻϯСƺݺҶ¡
ֻͷ˱ۣǰĶУսˣǹڵĶѧ
䣡
ҶֻӲӰѹ£ò׹ڵء
ŭ𣬰ֻСɽȭͷȥ
أأأ
Ҷ񽫹Լȭͷ£Ԫת˷һȭһȭȥֻƵòϺˡ
ȷǼΪϳ˵׷ľתԪ׷ԶԶҶȭͷԽԽ죬転ֱ۾ȻֵֻٶȣԿԽֱͳͳ飡
Ҷڿնָ£ӡϯݺݸڹ˶ԴϣһȫʱֻԴĵ÷顣
ȫѣһֻֻ»ҰصɽͷԪ֮У漴һֻӺվٴҶ
ǻԪʿ֮Ҷսʤһֻɽ˵ǾţһëΪǡ
ѪӰХѸ۳ΣѪɫۣƮƮЦҶٱҿ㻹ӡ
Ӱոۣһ¥ͷ¥̽Դֳݺһ£ŭһʱҵѪӰҷɡ
Ҷ񲻸սæջ¥˦ǧ΢΢һΣֻĳϳڽ£һһֻʱԶ쭶ȥ
ɽ࣬Ƴ֣ҲֵܵΨѪη֡
Ѫ񾭶Ϊͣǿʿ˵ֱǿǣѪӰ͸һѪֻʣƤ
ҶľߣԵֵΪ磬Ԫڣ׷ѪӰϮֻߡ
ٴۣףХҶ׷ȥĳϵķٶȼ죬ҶܿӰ١
ҵѻӰΣӲҵģ
ɽɫ࣬ڴױٵĴлָ֣Сӹƶˣһ˵Ļֻºѽɱ֣


175 Ԫڰ
ո㱻ҶһӣѪޱȣԻǧֻѾǸˡ
ڲҶȡ֮ļɵͷãһ֣ɵСӣ
Ҷշתɳǧأʼ޷ɽ˳˦ЩɵľӢֶΰٳа취ץסټ׷ɱ
֮ڣɽ˶սΣ飬˼¯޻ֻ´˿ѱΧס޵
Σյģ𣬶εεСŮˣħչסħҲ˳һöѪᣬ϶ħɥС
ΪѾﵽԪƷʵ֮ǿɽ֮ϡ
⼸սҲҶջǳüĵǶ΢ͼһֱ򿪣ԴԴϳȡΪͻǣ̶ʱ䣬ԪƷ
ľתԪҲڲϵսлüĽѾת۷壬ֻһܿڰת
ҵԪڰתҲԶһֻҲǵֵסѪ񾭣׷ʵ̫죬û«޷ֵ
ҶһֻϱϣɽڿмٴУͷγһ޴УԴԴӿüģ漴ԪԪۣǧϸСķѪ֮С
Ƕ΢ͼǣ޷Ҷ޷ȫգʣͳͳͼۣ̫Ԫһ޴Ļ̫֮һֵ׷׻ӦǶ
ЩǳͼԽԽ̫ǣѾֱʮ״С
ͼõ֮Ҳǲϵļȡȥһ죬Ϊ̼ױ
ҶԪڣԽͼǿߣһĨɱ
ڣתԪԪٶԽԽﵽͣҶһʱ֪ķڱ˵תļʼڰת
ԽҵԪÿһתڰתôٴ˽֣㲻ôǱ˵ӲֵĹ
߶Ԫ֪䣬ķԪٶ˼㣬ڱͣҶδ߶Ҳһ˿Ԫ
ҶȴһŹֵ飬Ԫûǰ㣬˳ڰת
ѵνٽ״̬
Ҷ΢΢üٽ״̬һֱ˵
ԱΪˮһ״̬Ǳˮ棬໥ƽ⣬¶ԸߣữˮԵͣ
ľתԪٽ״̬Ҫʱ䣬ͱӵ¶ȣ֮ˮ
Ҷ߶ԪƴԪתٶȣͬʱӴԪӦһֲֿٶȻԪƴԪȥ
֮䣬ڵԪȣֹǣһּűĸо

ҶתķѹԪŬʹķԪ
ԪڣʼûмȡԪ
ѹǲ
ҶǶ΢ͼȫԴԴϻԪֹ˼ȻгܲסƣƤһ˿˿Ԫ˳ë۾䡢ڱǣͷʼð̣
ͣ
ƤͻȻѿһѪ˿
գۼ䣬Ƥ㱻Ԫŵѿʮ˿ڣѪȪӿ
ҾͲ޷ͻƣ
Ҷҧţ۾ҲʼѪѪ˳¡
ѹҲܲǼѪȥ϶Ѫݽ߶
ҪͻȻоתԪڿʼȡԪȻдϲԪ
ëѾʼըѣѪ漴ҵԪԶԶȥҶѪɫΧƣʲôа׷һ㡣
ԪȻһƻ壬һȴ¥޸ˣҶûжٴ󰭣Լ֡
ڣ֪˶ãͻȻоѹ轵תԪʼⱼڣһֲֿٶȼȡڶԪ
Ԫ߲㣬ڱˣ
Ҷ־ϲֿ̧ȥֻԼĸƢΣεθҲʰ㾧ӨҲͬһ㡣
Ԫʼ֮ɫȴǰӼͣӲ״ݻ٣ְԪͬһѪɢ޼
֪׷ܹɣ
ҶһһѪԴγȣݺȥѪԱһҳΡ
Ҷ񲻽ü׷ǱȲǿȡֻ澳ԪܽཷŻɽǵȸֿǿȡ
ɽٴΣ϶Ҫŭѣѵ̰ᡣ
ҶֳȣټȻΰһ֮£ͨױҵ÷飬ԸһЩױҲҪҵãܴ
׷ܹȵĳ̶ȣôɽ˸֣ӶԶӶԶ
Ͼ׷ԣҪױ
ԾŻǿȣֻһ֮£ɱһȺǿߣ
Զʤ׷ֻ¸һ򣬶Ǻ绽ʿ
ҶԳΪʿȻǲ׷ɱ֮⣬ɱоʿ˵ȡ
ԪԼױȡ֮⣬δع񣬱Ѿױɱ˷ʤ
Ԫĸ֣Ҳô࣬һ֮־磬˵в֪ôңԶľ롣
ҵ¥ѾɳΪ¥澳Դ¥ڶؿռ䣬֪ڶؿռУǲǶĺķ
ҶмڴЩ¥Ź֣;õУ
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ҶüͷתԪķҶãҶû˳ֻŽķߵľ硣
õķֻеһԪڣΪ̡
žתԪ֮ǶҲ˿ѷͬҲΪѵãٻȸ˶û˵
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ֻܽԪһ޳ɣķţǱΪϧˡ
ķԱȸŸɵɽҪʤֹһ
ҶͻȻע⵽ǰʮһУһĳϣС
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ݣǴعҶ[뿪ҶңǰݣĴʿױٹᦡ
֪Ҷ[ǰڲݣӥûѰĶӥɡ
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ո뿪ʱҲ롣


176 ǿ֮
ݵشرغսֻмأͬǱСǲͬʿ࣬ʱʱʿȥֲʱսԶʻǴصľʿҲԪڵΪ
սǾеױǿٶȿ죬ʿڳУ׷ױɱ֡
غսﲻԶвʿǰս˶ѡڴ˵زϢ
ҶŽֵĴֻݳǵҵݷ࣬ȻȲ޸ǰ֣Ҳвʿµ棬۸ֲϡ׷ױԼױвֱӽ̯λڽֱߣߺȽ
ǳ۵ĶҲʮ࣬˵ؾغսԶʿսɱ󺺵ʿЩУвĹױ
Ҷע⵽˾Ȼֱӽʿɻۣ۸񼫸ߡ
Щʿɫҵһͬ׵ţ澡ʧ
ʿˣȻв٣һֶĲʵ֡
ʿ֮󣬱һɱ֮Ƿп۵ı
˷ƣüױֻǻһЩͽ׵Ĳ϶ѡ
ȻǱûеغսҵϢѾҶа
˵صʿΪиеͣԪڵСʿҲеڵĸ֣߻ӡ
ͻȻһɻɬϢԶҶ̧ͷȥֻս¡¡ʻУһսУλʿһλԪǿ
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ǿ߾ȻҲˣҶզ಻ѣͬʱҲоعǿ
ʼʵ۴޵֣պջʳطϵɶֻС볯͢ȣ㲻ʲô͢ɡң񡣡
Ҷ񿴵Σвɸп
ؿʵ۲ŰԣļҡʵȹңҲòΪ͢˴ز׻罨ͼҵ
һʳӵǧｮ̲ҡܱ⣬һֽگ飬ʿ޲ӣ⵽֣Ųһ
ǴأҲʷǿĻʳĻʳͳһ£ʶ֮λۣͳ˼磡
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綫ңһλۣļҽĴĻʳȻλ¹ŶѹݣʼûܿһΪۡ
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ЩʿɲɽЩŸȦĽ˿ȸЩʿɳɱˣѪ˶õ˵ͷԼĺպսʵͬȼʿҪǿ
ҶˣҲһľĸоǿʱؿԲɱ󣬾ǳǼĸ֣Ҳпܻᱻնڵ£
һʳӵ󣬲ͨɿᲢۡ
ݳλǰȫˡɽ˵죬Ҳݳж֡
ҶѰ˼ҿջ˼Ϸס¡
ոţɽ׷ƵȻҲһλعĽڴ˵ˣҲҷڳжɱˡ
ѰҶڵĿջȻҲϷǰҽҶķΧ
ʦ㣬ʦ㣬Сܶ˷䣬һ˯Ҷվڴ̨ϣЦǴк
ƵһЦҶαƣҲãҪβȫ⼸λʦ֣
ȰҶֿȻҲ˵ôȻһɫ
תЦҶСƲȥֻԲء
ЦýҲ
Ҷѵ
ɫ࣬Ҫֵ֣صľʿ޺޵Ҷһۣת뷿䣬ڴˤ
Ҷ֣Ŀһ
Ѧɱ˫֣΢Цعֻڴ˵ˣֻҪȬ֮뿪˵أʱҶڡ
Ѧ֣ǿԵҶЦе
ѦһҶƤ񣬵Ļûʤ㡣
ɭȻҶ㵥еӣǳһ
ֵҶ˵תԪڰ˲㣬Ҳ޷ֵѪ񾭡
ϧҵ«ܴ𣬷ŰҶջ
«νѪ񾭵Ŀǣе׻ױԽѪӰճɻҽź«е׻ѾҶͷһգȻ«ޱȣȻ޷ԸѪ񾭡
ҶصУǶ΢ͼǣγɿֲֻϿգγһ޴Уͬ©ԴԴϻ룬ӿüġ
Ƴ𣬽ջеĿ˾
ԪͬһֽγԼʮ״Сľ޴򣬺ͮͮһƬɢ޾ջҲճһ
Ԫһڽ֮ȥѪԼһ飬ɱ춯ء
Ѧɵ˲ıѹƣͷֳһӣջݶƷɡ
תķ߶ˮɢͬơ
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಻ԣֲǣֻСд
ҶЩһֱæڱ˿˴ϢĻᣬ𣬼ӽ
ԪԽԽңΪڽԪҲԽȣԽŨ
ʿԪڣһԪԽԽۣŨ罬ȻŻỺԪΪ档
ԪΪѾԪƷƷ硣
˿̣˼޲׺ΪоֱԪƷ
ʮԪͻƣƷľ硣
磬ҶֻԼԪ֮ĸӦԽԽУʱԪ·ҲںһһС
ȻΪıԵ
ѦɵҲע⵽Ƶı仯а׷ɱҶӣ֤ҶһһǿһһѶԸ񿴵Ϊн棬һľĸо
Сӳɳȥٹһֻ֣꣬¶סɽɫأ
Ҷֳȣֱһױɱ֣Ѧɽ˵ױҵ÷顣
ҶΪܱͣǿƣҶɳΪ磬һϿҲǶ֡
λôûƣ뿪ݣа
ֹʱ䣬ҹʱ֣ݳͻȻ¡һ죬Ҷоѣ̧ͷȥֻݳϿͻȻֳһĲȻʺ¥һֽ⣡
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౦УֻһСɽСӡ£Ӱݳǲ϶
ӡһսƯڰУ죬סݵգɢ޾ɱ
սǿӡȻ̼رλЩرҲ֮
ܽʹӡͳͳֺξκˡҶͷͻȻðһͷ


177 үúн
ݳǵشĶ޷ʿҶͷ̸ж
ֻҶڵⶰջ֮УһֳͷԪӿͬһӣ֮ͻȻηӿһֻԲĶĴֱ֣սץȥ
ͬʱʮǿϢ𣬾Ȼʮһ֣ͼҴ٣̼ױߣ
һڵǿߣԼƵĵ۶£ͼеıͳͳߡ
ҶȻ֣λڵǿߣȻҲԼڵҿջеĿˣһ۵ߣ˿̾ȻɢޱȿֲƣݵԶԶЩȥ
֮ǿʱջը÷飬һħ裬ջΪƽأƵҶ˲òñನɨС
ѦɵҲûϵССĿջȻһλ֣֡
̼ױعǸ
ɽо˸Ҳ׷ױץȥļҶҶ´ɱҲóһ̼ױȻεı˲òĶ
ɽĵӣһƵ˿Ҳ̲סᡣ
ֵĲǣݳǱ߻֮ʿ࣬صȻպգ˿رǰЩе̰ʱҲѹס׷׳֡
һʱ䣬ݳϿգ׷ױױ쳣貶Ŀ
ֲֿΣҶǵһο˸ոմս죬̱㱻֪˺ɱλڵǿߣҲҽΨֱ꼰
λؾʿΣҲΪ
٣ֻһ󣬻סеǼӡֻתܲУͬһ޴Ľκ˵Ҵ룬ɱ
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˳ţǵв
ΪΪʳӵһ̼ױԳһСɣױഫܲ˶ģ
вܽߣôЩҲͲʿˡ
ҶƬ̣ҡҡͷûм뵽֮С
̫࣬תԪڰ˲ǿֻҲᱻһ˲ɱ
Ȼȥɳݳǣغսķȥ
غս¼ѵ֮أĴĮشغı߼ʣսش֪ʿû
ӳ͢ĵǲȴΪɱĴĮУϹżʱʿżһҹ
ݳУͻȻһֻ˸ȵս챻ɵ϶ߣҪ
Ҷһͷȥֻһ󺺱ˣսˣ߷

ǿ󺺷ܾȫһչֻһ죬ݳǵĳźȻǰʮʿܵ飬ǵױҲ촷ۣڣ
ܣǿ󺺲ڵΪƾ죬㽫ʮԪڵǿߣ
ɱݳǣλڵ߼ԼĵʱڱΪʮɴСķɵϿգдǿ뽫붦У
󺺻ϯʱڴɨɣλɫǺ죬ͬΣȻ˵ˡ
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ΧӵģڳҪͳͳúн࣡󺺿ޱţе
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СӣѪս콻ңҿԱ㲻ĸַԶԶȵ
ҶŬסΣŭȵ˭Сүһͳͳúн࣡
ǿ󺺺仰úƣѧ˳
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ҶæԼ¥֮УӶǧƱֻĳϳڽ£ٷȥ
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ͻȻѪԳڿУ¡¡ײ뵤֮Уʱ
ӥȥӵĵʱõļɣҶ˿編ƣȻѵ
ոĳϣһֻɣչ𣬿쭶ȥ
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ᣬ˶ͣڶУ̴񣬼׷ɱȥ
ǵ׷ǰ棬ҧгݣ޺޵СӣҪϷ׽㣬Ҳúн࣡
ѦɵҲ׷ɱȺ֮УԹʦ㣬޻飬֪ͺãα˵ȥζᱦ֮£ֻǱûжϣˡ
Ц֪ʲô⡣
ʦɽΪľС¥еĶ籦СӼΪ黫Ҫɱȡ걦ֻЩѣý˵СĿĵ


178 ɳ
ݵıҳһҹЩûȥ׷ɱҶʿڳؾʿƿǵ󣬶ȡӡ˲֪ˡ
ֱֻݿؾѶǰѹŽƽϢ
޷죬Ⱥʿ޷죬ĽݼҵıҲ
ǰѹؾ˽ɫ࣬ȥλĽݽĽݼҵǿߣĽݼұػʷΪɳеĸھְû뵽ǰˣݡ
ױһһѪս죬ĽݼԼȥѰա
׷ɱҶʿһҲû׷ҶټЩһֱ׷ĴĮ֮Уƶᡣ
Ҳ˴ͷƲ̲䣬¹辫񣬼ѰҶ䡣
Ҷ޻ɵҩľ֮󣬱̷һţʼսЩ
ʵĴĮЩҪ׷Ѱټϼѡ
ĴĮλغĽ磬ݺǧΣأʿսĮ֮еΣգֹħʿĻޣԼδ֪Σա
ڵͿշУĴĮΣճ̶ȣҪ׻磬ڴĮϿգۿɼɷĴ
ֻǷɷҲˣҶȡ籦ԴӦ߿֮лɷɷɷ޴ӵֵ
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ֻŨһĴɷʺ̥ǿߴԪ̥
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ͭʵ˼ڰɸ߿գڻ˻ưķġ
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ϿϿգɷңʱһ˿ɫ붦Сɫԣ붦кĴײײȥͼ
ͭ󶦾ȻײþҶеȥһȡ
ÿһ˿ɫɫһ֣ƴ󶦱Խ
⼸λʿȡɷǴױ𣿡ҶΪ档
ƳһۣһȽʿЦһԭǸԪڵСʿȻҲĴĮ֪
Ϊ׵곤ʿһλԪƷǿߣ̺ȵҪ񣡵©˷ɷһ񣡡
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λԪǿߣ˵ΪҲǿᣬҲǻԪһƷĸ֣Ҷͬһ㣬ϡ
Ҷв֪׷ɱҵ飬뿪˵أĴĮȥ
ղǸСӣȻĮ֪ôдôԪƷĸ΢΢ü
ҪˣΪͣߣܻܴӴĮ̵ĺôȴ֪СɫĮÿ춼᲻֪١һʿ
СʱʿоһɹǿϢɫ΢䣬æͷȥֻʿХɱڣ
ЩʿУΪﵽԪڵıʮˣڵĸ־ȻҲһˣƾ춯ء
ɫʱ䣬æͭ󶦣ЩѵǱ̫Įˡ

Ϊ׵ĵͻȻչ֣Ԫӿȥֱӽ֣һѱ㽫ץסûпһʿ߹ȥ
˴˴æͷŵӵǰղŵȷһСʿȥˡ
ǵڵֽ˶ڿն𣬺Хǰ׷ȥ
ϰʿ飬ͬȳ׷ᡣ
գۼ䣬Щ˱ʧӰ٣ֻˡ
ԪƷʿ˰Σ૵ЩˣȥѰղǸɵꣿѵʹӣ죬ų湻ģҺĮûе
ʦ֣ôãЩ˲ʹӣǳңȽʿɻ
ǻԪƷʿһۣȵң˭˶ĳңʹӣĹ֣
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ĴĮɳɷɷͨԪʿһ澳ʿҲ޷ֵ
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ŮſӣС죬¶Сŭ漴趯ֻ·ɣҶȥ
ҶԪ籦ͷӶӭϡ

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Ҷæ漴Ŷ籦ǰȥֻɳЫ׷ᣬֻɱ
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Ҷ뵽̽ޱ޼ʵѹĹʱ죬ľȻһ˲䱻ѹð磡
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һ˲䣬㱻ɷǧٿףתԪڰ˲ǿڷɷǰȴ·Сӵߣױ˺ѡ
Ԫ¥еĲ޸ˣԪһģ뵽巢֮Уøǿ
ֱ֧Ųסż𶨷籦Ϣ
ִķżΪΣգֻҪԲ񣬻Ԫתпܱɷɸӡ
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һʱ䣬һֱߣʱͣ£Ҫĳϣͱ㹻ıѪѪҪ޻ʿѪ󣬲ýЩҪӴʱ;
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ɷܴһʱɳûɢľתԪʱһأ൱ʮЧ
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180 
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ȻɳֻʱȴǳøӼֵͣϿ޶ʮ졣
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ҶƸ֮ϣʱ­ÿѣ漴һƣݺ¡
һƣƣơ
Ԫڸ֣Ӳðȳ⽴
Ҷ֣ˣ΢Цϸϸλʦ֣˭Ҫȡҵͷ­
ѻȸ


182 Ϲż
Ҷ䣬Ʊ㽫һԪڵʿӲͳͳסûһ˵
˺ûзӳʵϾҶΪ̫֮󾳽磬ʮ߸С磬ֲνǵһ㣬޿Խ
൱һֻϰһͷˣһţ
ɽʱҶࡢѦĻԪڸ࿹⣬ͽ˺ѦɵɷǶͼ֮ǿ˼οѾԪڰת־ɳĥ֮ǿɽʱҪʤ
˺УʹԪֱӽժԴνʵԩѦɵˣдǶҶ֪֪ף֪겻ò࣬ҲΪ
ǣ϶׷ױԶԶĽҶɱ
Ȼû˴ȡСܵͷôСܱˡҶĿ˸ĺѵͷʾ⣬漴Թ֮ĺͷ˶ɫ˻⣬̸ĽŲԶȥ
ãĺ̾˿Ͱ͵ҶٱǹҶ֮ţ˲ţӦΪЧ
˴󷭰ۣĵͽа㶰֮ŵӣʽ޶۵ļһֻҲǰ̲
СӲһĺݣ˺һЩֻܣ
ĺ֣֮˽ѣѹ׷ȥǵͷһʿо
ĺɫɰͰ͵λǹҶ֮ţαش
˴üͷ֮֮ϣǾĺѸڳǣǷ̡
ڳʿɱħгɵĴʲô֮ţ
ĺôɳַξɱ˵ʱͦͣһ飬Ȼûа⡣
ҶԶĺѵû׷ɱ˿
ĺѱϾǵڵĸ֣澳ĸȣһ˱ɱһȺ
Ҷע⵽֮һֻһסţɻôˣ
ôˣ
һԪڵǿ֪ôԪڰӸԪڵǿ춼
ûз˷ߣҾ֣ܵδ׷Ҷǫѷ֣͵
ԪڵĸӣҶĿǰٶȣ׷֮
ĺͷ񿴹һסԪڵĸ֣磬ҪӵĴڣȻСӼ
֮ЦҶʦܣÿһ㣬㶼ܸΪһϲݣɱ䣬Щǣû뵽겻ȻֿܳȭһԪڸ֡ڣҲĶˡ
Ҷæǫѷ䣬ЦΪٱȻԶԶʦ֡
Ȼһ£Ҷ֣׷ɱĵʲôˣ
ĺ͹֮ҲҶֿȭһԪڸ֣Ȼ˵͵ϮĳɷڣʵҲΪ˵á
ҶʵҪĶӣԶߴĮɼ׷ɱˣʵ˺ѷɫ˵ǿ
һЩСɵӣΪǡҶЦ
һٸţ֮Цʦܣһϵƣʲô˵ģ
ҶƬ̣׷ɱҵˣϺɽƣɷѦɣɲŵݹڵɽ
Խ˵Խ֮࣬ɫԽѿҶ˵Щˣ⣬ǸŸɵľӣʵΪ֮ϣ
գգ۾ɻʦ֣Щ˺ǿô
֮˿ҡͷǿһ㶼ǿǽЩ˾
ή٣޾ɵǣǾˡ
뷽ӺȻ૵ٱ㻹¡
ҶЦһһڵߣҲں׷ɱҡʮԪڵĸ֣ʮλڵĺ֡
֮ӼЩ˻Сɵӣ
˶ĸ֣һСɣ
еڵĸ֡
֮˿૵ټļңôӴǽԳҲס㡭
Ҷ񵭵ʦַģ嶾̣嶾Һ޸ϵӦò۽š
֮ҡҡͷɫʦܶˣ˼Ƕı˵ӦԵֶΡҪǣ˦Ⱥ׷ɱߡ
뷽Ҳüչʮλڵĺ֣ټʮԪڸ֣Լһλڵǿߣܽǧٱ飡
ǰߣȡ˦ǣջصɽ
˸ԼԦƳ棬ǰȥҶȡѪ񾭣Ц֣ķӦúܺ⡣
һ飬ɫɱأ¶м֮ɫͷķȷʺҡ
Ѫ񱤵Ѫ񾭣
֮ͷһۣԾҶʦܣôֹԵķ
ɱ˼Ѫ񱤵ӣġҶں
֮ʹļףΪɱˣŵضǣ
ҶЦʦ֣۸ͷ᲻ͷӣ
ȻᡣҪͷӣôܣ
Ҷ񵭵ʦ㲻ԸӣҵȻҲԸ⡣ҵͷӣȰԴȻҵͷҾͿԴ
֮̾Ϣһ֪޷ıԸ񣬲Ҷ˵ûҶһˣһǣʱɱǻҪܡ
õѪ񾭣ΪϲѪѪħԪ󷨼ΪƣķԻͨΪʼ
֣Ƿ֪Ѫ񾭵ı׶ˣҶʵ
ո͹Ѫ񾭣ѯѪкα׶ˣ˲ᡣ
Ѫ񾭵ı׶ηˮױˮơϸĦ£ǽѪ񾭵ı׶˸Ҷ
Ҷ񲻽üͷԪڵĸһ£Ѫʱ޲ߣҪԿ𣬻ҪԪڡ
ͻȻһ׷ͣ£̧ͷԶֻǰĴĮ֮оȻһƬɽԼаʮɽͷռɭֱ鲼д
ܶǻɳֻɽˮ㣬ʫ续һ־ȴʵĸо
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Į֮Уôľ£ѵһϹż֮ɫʧ
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Ҳ¶ɫĴĮоʱʱϹżȻڴĮ֮УżͻȻͻȻȥޱȣܹżƱػõĲƸ
ҶҲȻĶ˾Ƭɽͷȥ
ҶոշɵһɽϿգδӽͻȻ·һ屻Ťĸо漴ָԭ״в΢΢һ
ŤĸоΪأ׻ʱָоЩƣ·Ǵһռ䴩һռ֮С
ѵ˵һŵ׻磿
ĴֻȺɽ˷ƺֿ׽̤׻Ȼͬ
ңﲢ׻ռ䣬׻źܴĲ졣


183 һ
ֻһռ䣬ҶԿ϶Ƭɽ;Բ׻硣
ʲôطа
ע⵽Ⱥɽ֮оȻһɽᣬγһ
Ȼ˼Ѿܾûɽе´˵ɢ
ƬȺɽ֮УŲ֪ٹǿϢʱԿмɽг֣ʱʱ׷ı죬оԪҵĲȻѾв˷Ƭƾճֵɽ͡
֮λʦܣ˱ȵһСģһжǧҪһˡ
֮˵ûм˵ȥֻ߿տҲСӾȻ·ɽѰȥˣƬɽ͹ǧȥδѰҶ˵ټ
쵰治ʡģ
֮ͷ綷Ҷ˾Ȼֱͬķ֪ȥ˭
ոշɳأ˵ϮɱױƵù֮ò
ڿзУƷ⣬⵽͵ϮǸϽļ֮²Żֵ᷸ͼ
ҶֱƬɽȶȥԽ䵽ɽԱߵһɽͷ֮ϡ
ѲӣͻȻ֣Ťһֻ֦ϵ֦н䵭ʧĶϴȻһգ֮䣬һһģһ֦
Ź֡
һֵԪγºɨԲ׵ɽִݻ٣ƬɽָոջȥûñһľдĳԭƬɽּһģһ
ҶвðһɹɺһƬĴĮ֮ƾճǧ׳ɽӣ㼫Ϊ죬ӹǣĶȻݻٲˡ
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ʮĿռ䣬ܽһɽŽȥ
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Ҷо˸ƳƳһɽͷƬ̣Ƿ뷨
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ϸŷһһݷףէ·һŤ
ʱм˿̨
΢΢ɽȾ𶯣̲Īܡ
ʲô˾Ȼܰӵص׳С̨֮֮ϣ
Ҷ־ϲȻҪ¥ɳҪ֪ʲôֻа׳̣ӡ̨֮ϣӡֻûԭǰŵɽȡ
𣡡
ҶְԪ̽һֻ̨֣еץȥֻԪָոץסҶʱĴ÷飡
һܣһʿԪȡ
һԪڵСʿȻҲһ
Ҷѭȥֻʮʿͬ£ӵһλŻƬɽȣԳͼɫ΢΢һ
ҶһݣЩӦĮʿΪΪɫŻ꣬ʮ߰꣬ΪȴȻﵽڣͷһ£
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һʿԹɫɵҶǰȵԳʦڴˣƬɽѾԣеĶʦУСӣ֮Ϲȥ
ҶᣬԪӿÿһɳ̣¡¡صףһ̽צӣץס̨Ϸȥ
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СӣʦҿĶӣڵΪūѾǸӣҪԼҪҲ߲ˣ
ʿָЦҼ֮󣬾ڣҪˡ
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Գһò毺õŮӲȻŭȵˣʦܷų
ųʦܣ㽫ʬΣ
Գ̧֣΢Цλʦʦã԰ꡣˣе㱾£ѲŰнúܡýˣˣ֪ߵغ񡣡
˫֣Ϣӿ¸һҶȥЦ˭ãƫƫң֣ĳɱ֮
ɽҶٱҶ񵭵
Գ΢΢һ૵ɽҶٱЩ졭
ɽҶٱӦǱļͨǸˡĿɫ䣬æѵ
Գ۾һ´Ҷ񣬳ЦһƶȻɢͬһͷʨԭǸҶٱļܣȻڣȴң
Ҫ֣ͻȻһǿޱȵϢȻ٣ɽͷһԪӣӿɽ֮УԳ缸վΡ
Ŀ߳ȵʲôˣڴ˰¡

ɽڱȣһɨȥȷɣ漴̧ȽԳ߷ɣЦһСɣҲҹǰţ
̧ͷҶЦҶ


184 Į˫
겻ɢ
Ҷ¶֮ɫ̧ͷܿȥȴûз˵ټԷģ΢Ц֣һ˾͸׷ɱң
ɽҪ˵ȴԳӹķѪݺݵĶ㵽˭ҵҿڣòͷ𣿡
ɽƳһۣЦɽûʸ㿪ڣ
Գһ¶֮ɫ㶪¼䳡滰߼æסæȥɽǹڵŵӣΪѾﵽԪڣǿﲻ𣬻ǸϿΪ
ԳҲ˵ɽ֪ĺħһеļΪɫ֣͹󷨣в˶ɥУɱĺպ
ûʸɽǰ˵ŭɽֻ»ּὫˡ
һȺ˻æ뿪ɽԶЩ˸֡
Ҷ¶Ľ֮ɫпֵͷ󣬾ȻܽЩˡϵˣԲ٣ЩȴȻһǰQҽ
ɽЦ⣬Ҷܶ꣬ǱҶŷɥϧҶᣬһز࣬ע˶೤ʱ䡣
ͷӷӿԪɵɱڡ

һֻͷ˱۵ƤӺŭȻһֻɷ
ΪȻоԶ׷ɱҶʱ񣬾ȻݻֻʹﵽƷΪѹָҶһ׷ɱҶ
Ҷ˿壬ɽΪĽ󣬶ɽǰռϷ磡
ҵĺӣɱҶ֮󣬾Ȼܻһ
ɽע⵽·Į̇¶ֿȣЦ
Ҷ¥еѪս죬ֻļҵͽ𣬻·̨еǼΪټıȲѡ
һֻҪ¥УɽһѰһٶԶԶʤˣЩص֮
Ҷ
ͷԪУͻȻһˣ˵ͷȻҲֳһӣ֮һڿڽӻۣ

죬
ҶһݣɽԪ֮еĸ֣Ȼڵ࣡
˿̣̬ľګжӲͬһʬȻΪɴڣ۾񣬷˲֪ã
ˣҶʧ
ɽЦҶҾͨѻ󷨣ʱضѵټһ׷ɱ㣬һ̼ױȻΪһɹȴû뵽ͬУɥ֮ʱҰɱ֣һʬ
ҶһЩ׷ɱҶ񣬱ʱһ໥֮Ǿ֣ΪħɽνԹñˡ
ڵһ׷ΪڣȻɥƳʬЩп
޳żҲɥ
һɴʮڴ첻Ҷȥư硣
ͬʱɽֻȻҶȥЦҶΪǣֽΪʬ൱֣λڸ֣ɱ練ƣ
ʮڽӽҶΧ·ɣ𶯲ͣ
һڽӷɫһڽӷɫɣһڽðһʮڽȻͬķʽȻͬ
ڵĽʮ࣬ȷ˲׷ĿϾӣĿȴɭȻɱ
ȻΪڣɽԻԪڵΪҶѹ
ʮڽ죬һ˲㽫ҶֵԪѹصΪ㣬׷ͳͳʩչ
Ҷȣһȥһڽɣ漴ͬӥצץȥһڽ÷飡
Ľʮ࣬ȻѹΪȴѹƲס֮ǿѾԶԶΪĽ
ûתԪ˿̵ΪǻԪڵǿߣ
¡
ֻһǰһ󣬽ڽӵİΧȦУʮֱۣҶȥ
ڵĹ󷨣Ȼһ׷ȴǽɱûԶ̹۳Ĺӵͷ˱ۣͬħսǿ
ֻսȦͷĳУڽӷɳʮ춯صѹҶΪʱ׽
أأ
϶ʱ˹ػѣ׷ɡ
Ҷδһ𣬶ʱԷɳֻĶͷ
Բһʮڽӱж֮࣬ʮܴ
Ҫһͬƥ䣬ˣ漴ֻɽзɳٴμսȦ
ͬʱԪҲڽӷɳʮ࣬ٴνס
ҶڽӣעҪɽЦ߶ԪһͷԪУһֻˮԾΧҶ
Ҷ֮ǿʵڷ˼ֱʬߣƳʬ֮ǿ±໹ҪɫЦ
ҶɫȻһǧ򻯣ֻĹͳͳ£Ϊǿ֮ʱչֵ쾡£Ͷ㶼Ǵʦķ緶֣κβң뽫ӵиǿΪ
ɽľɵ࣬Ϊʬ൱ԪڵĸΧҶû뵽ʱڻ޷ס
Ҷʵ֮ǿо壬ɱҲСӻȥֻ²꣬ʵԶԶңʱûҵ֮أ
һͷڶҶͷѹ£ȻΪҶ˫ѹ
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൱Ԫڸ֣ȫΪѹҶ񣬻ͬȼĻԪʿҲҪѹԪص׸
ҶĿˣɽѶЦ
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ڵʦ֣Ҫţǰ㣡
ͻȻһɽͷȥȴһ׳һСǷ׳ȻԶԶָҶ񣬺ȵҶħˣɱ㣬ýף
ԵСЦҶħͷҴĮ˫ݺĮʮأδһܣͷǴĮ˫۵ĹϣŨصһʣ
ҶƤҶֵֹҲˣ־ȻҲ˵ֻֻһ̫ˣѾɧˡ


185 
ɽע⵽ĺͷˣĿĵһﲻ֪Ǵĳģ˵秵ģúܡˣΪߣȴӳħԲеÿЦʱҶٱķâһٽѹ
뵽˷ȥλ̨屡죬Ҷħʱˣ
˵˵ҳħͬһϵսѣȻӦ໥֣һȻȻ
Ҷ׷ɱЦԪڵСʿҲң죬ͳͳҪ
ɽӲӣ̴뷽߷ɹĵ˵ΪӲƴҶٱ϶һ֮ҲڳݶԸҶٱ
ոշɵĺͷͻȻгһᦣҶħ
֮У֨֨౹ֽУӿгɵĶߡ򼣬ӴСЫӡ֩룬֣࣬һ˲䣬ɽڣ
ǰٶᦣɾĶƶɣʣ˷ʤ
ͬʱһȻֳһž޴࣬ʺޱȣ֣֮̽౹ֽУɽ֮У
಻ӰȻһͷڴ࣬ѪħԪ󷨼Ϊױǰ׷Ϭ˲֪ٱ
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־ŭ̹ĵԪֻһֻֻ걻ڱƳѪħԪ󷨵ĴҲѡ

ǵһγ˴ĿãԪҲһС룬ʵ
ɽŭȣתԸˣҶȻסѪս죬৵һס
һס֨֨ظѣ

ѸٷʮڽӺȻ죬һڽһײȥδӽ㽫ĺͷߵᣬǻԪǿߵܣԪʿܱ⣡
Ҷ˫һ񣬺ǰһڿڴײĺģ顣
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ĻӶٶᦣɽڣĹѸٸڡ
ҲҶٱҲüŭţȻ;ƿݣƱˣŭȵ
ҶҡҡͷѣûУòԩɱңֺڴˣ
ɽ֣֮ʬȻԪڸ֣ʬϾԶĴ
ɽֶԸҶ񣬼ĺͷҲֻһ³
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ĿͣͻȻЦӾȻɵһԪڸ֣ٱСӸɵһԪڵǿߣҪ޵ˣ
һۣͻȻѪħԪ༱ͣԽԽգۼһԲ׵ľ͹
԰׵ɫ̱糺죬һֲֳ쳣
ΪҲͻͽԪƷƷƷһ·߸裬ڼڣͷһѪɫȽȽ𣬽ɽҫͨһƬ
һɹɱ֮ϴŭͬҰޣ۾ͨ죬ĵĺ⡣
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СֻҪ߻ħˡ
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ҶǰɴִԼϣܷΪﵽڣѪħԪ޷
ҶǰֻѪħԪ˸֣޴ȴʼ޷סĽŲ
ҶѪħԪĹߵߣһһԲӣԪӿѪ֮УʱѪ֮дǧо֮օeη·ɣһ뷽Ķ䣬һʽȥ
ѪħĹЧħʿ˵ϵˣ޸ҶҲΪöѪֳô󶯾
öѪᣬɽħѹ£ֻɫָϢҲԽԽƽΪķȻûиղǰֲ
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ԭֻԪƷΪѾһԾΪƷĸּ֣ҲֻѪħԪֹķܽΪѸ٣Ľ
Ҷ֣лˡмҶֿ
Ҷĸм֮飬ֻһл֣ҶʱȡѪᣬֻ˿ѾѪħԪסǣֻ֪ɱ¾ɣջữһûʶѪħ
ٱǿӣ𣿡۾סеѪᡣ
ѪĹЧУ۷ǳӵֱֱҲû߻ħΣգɵĶ
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ҶǸȻѪᣬСܻҪŶԸһǿУȻĻ͸֡λҪܿҽ裬æһǰϵġ
ĵͷǺЦϺûʲôڣˡ
ɽѼıһ𣬼ֱһСɽֱϣĿ˿ۻҡ
ɽΪЩҷĲҪ
Ҷ˿̨еЦֻҪ
˷ϣ̽еıͳͳδٱȥɵ׷ɱߣҺС͵Ϯ
Ҷ񽫰̨ûк׷ɱҵʿÿһ˿ɽСĵ㲻ɣˣ
ٱ̲ģƨɺȰ
仰Ҷ򶯣ַ֣ʵˣֻһӶܳΪˡ
ϸϸ˼Ƭ̣ȡѪս죬֣ڵΪܼ̼ױ˰ɣ
ҶݺݵҪɣ͸һƱģЩ׷ɱߣͳͳƽ


186 ִݻ
ѪսޱȳأżΪִ͵ױͨԪڰգӭƮչҶϣ˵ģ޼
죬̼ױŴ߶Ѫս죬սոշϿУ㽫ΪһգвȻ
ʵ𣬷Ѫս籧Ŵˡ
˿̵ΪѾǿԽѪս𣬵Ҳ޷ܳ׷ӣ𼸴֮Ϊᱻա
ϾԪǿ߼̼ױǿҲǼΪˡ
ȡһ飬Ҷ񣬵ٱɽղУһɱֶ֮ûãȥա
Ҷ΢΢һӦڵľ䣬ɽɱ֮󣬴ղлá
ı죬ʵҲǼΪˣɱһ׷ǧ򻯣ģһ׷е׷ʮ࣬һּΪɫѹ֮
ϧಢûн磬򼴱ҶҲҪâ
ҶһϲͨѾѧԾŻļҵľ׷Ŷ׻ʾŶ׻ʾϾο
Ҷزңͨɣ黭һ͸
Ҷ񽫾漴ߵһߣ۶һ֦
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ȻˣƬɽӦһľ۷ѣ̨еά󷨵ࡣ̨߰󷨱ƣ޷ά֡Ҷĵ
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ҶԤ˵ؾԻһսĴĮĸֻ»ŷﲻĸ˵ء
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÷аЦͷȥϵЦͻȻӲֻտҲһӰҲûС
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ˡҶȣ΢΢Ц


187 е
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ҶϵˣǶвҪأ÷аȴǵΪһɱʿ
ŮĸоһҶ࣬Ƽȴӵо綾ʹɱ֡
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ڤӽ̵ĵжӹʮƷףֻأԶԶδܽӵӳ
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188 
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ƬƾճֵɽͣλĴĮλãǧǽĮʿħ϶ϡ
ɮ٣ΪЩＸһսɱħ֮ĶԾҲ֮ͬ໥ƴ漫ҡ
ҶʿҲֻջ֪˵Ľɱеڵǿ֣߳Щ뵤вö޻ûߵĻᡣ
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ЩУ˺ȻҲУ׷ɱĵڸ֣ҲУЩڣпνޱȡ
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ֵܣ֪ҶҶħ𣿡ľԳǰʵ
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ԭҶħͬ
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ѪħԪมֳַ裬ݺݴ뼸ڵӵڣҶħĵ˵ö֮


189 а
쵰ȻҵͷˮҶһۣҡͷʧЦ
뷽˵İΣӦûж⣬ΪѾﵽƷҿǿѪս죬ǵڵǿߣƾѪսӲƴǣڵԳˣǲв
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190 ˲̰
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Щ󷨣һ֣һʮ죬ڿ衣
Ҷ񿴵Χһ󷨣Ӧˮϵ󷨣Ǻɫ·ɣ֮һˮɷ۶ɵĺͬɫڿشȡ
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溣ɫ죬֮˺Ϊ׶
֮Уɷɷɷɷ಻٣ǡǡ֣һ췭ɣɫ׶ɽѣУɱޡ
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ңֻеһͭ滹ͭ㲼ã˵Уİٶ̼ױ
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֮òп仯̫죬ԼЩϡ
ݣҶȻͷǰǸƤСӡ
ҶͷҪƨɺŵ׷ɱߣһˣҪǿᡣ
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紵ܽһԪڵĸ˺Ƭױᱻ˺÷飬ȻȲһ󣬵ʮ֮УҲһ
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Ҷֶˣ΢ЦһǾ仰ʲôԸң

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긾˽ҿڶλŮеĺֻŮһ̣ڷʮöƿЦڶ񣬹Ԫһ¯һٶʮöعСķãЩԪùһ֮УΪԪڵʿ
Ҷ˼и𾪣ͷλҲٻֱľˡ
ǹƵױ㱦£ص͸λˡ긾ƿλŮеĳУ¶£΢Ц
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ԭأҶ˼Ȼعͱͱ䣬Ҷѹæ˽£긾˺λٻŮ
긾ЦæﻹһȴҼٹί
ȡһŹ٣͸Ҷأٹ֪ع黭һ͹һ١
Ҷؽ£߹ȴױҲױֻĹ٣Ȼ󣬵ֵȴԶԶ
긾˴ŰٻŮҶ˼æҶߣضʶٻĸˣ
ܷҼҲ¶֮ɫæ
ҶһãȻҳǶʱ䣬һֱؾелϵ
Ҷ˼˶һۣɻ֣ȴڴʱĵǿϢ˼æ̧ͷȥֻĶƺХͷ
Ϊ׳Ժ֣һ⣬ͷһһëͬꡣ
ˣгɵĴΣ
Ҷ˼һݣæ䱸֮ģֻΪ׵Ǻ׳ոսţеĸҶأ
ҶӲͷƤǰֵ±ǡ
磬Сһݣ˼æǰ¡
ҶػȻûϵʣ޴롣
˵⣬ÿһǺЦ޸ľһСƣŽش֮գϺԱ⡣
ţTױһԣΪӺأ
ױƳһΪӺأ
Ԭױ౦ƿһöΪӺأ
ױһѣΪӺأ

ҶЩͷͣϡͿЩͳͳ£ţT˺ǺһЦٻһ໥
Ҷ˼Ҳ𾪵Щ֪룬ҶֻܹױҶش飬̶Ƭʱ䣬ͻȻ߼һʺͻȻ٣Ҳš
ҲôӣضȻҲܣǾ˭ӵ˴ӣȻЩǰΪضϲҶ˼а


201 Ҷش
ţT˸ոɸӿֲϢӶֻһЦعӴ飬嶾Ϊһ֦ͬȻҲӦ
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ҵļɫ԰ףվһЦħ̣ҲҪһϷⱲӣδ¹˭
ٻԼЩŮӣţTͳͳվЦ嶾̵ʦ֣عӳף嶾Լҵ£һҰٻشݣǻҪ硣
дһˬʵĴЦҪѰعӵĻڻ£ҵȲŻһЩͳͳˡ
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ЩعӴʱ£Ҷĳҡ˵Ҷôûа
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ӵͷ˵Īӣ嶾ˣ˴ɫ΢䣬вսӡ
Ҷ˼ɫŹ֣ѵϸ磬·ǼҵǸСӡ
ҲֻЩ죬ѣŻȻŭȵģӹ
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Ĵִӿн䣬ȥһЦٺЦүүӸղûаŵƨ
ӻᱻŵƨǸЦ
ҲססһٱæģҴˣǰӣôҲͷٴһ˰
ŭݺݴһ١
Ҳ䵽Ҷ񣬾վ󡣷ԽԽϲΪȻֱ׷ﵽڣҪ֪뿪ʱһСʿ֮ΪȻǵ˿ֲʤʮĿޣ
һͬµĻˣΪ׵һ׵ĳߣۼ˭ЦеӣԵúܺ˵
Ҷ˼ġһǰʱģҶضɫ
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ҶԴ죬˵ʲôֻæл
еıͶ˿ʮױһټױټĲķһף嶾̳֮󷽣ͬеĲƸ
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ҶҶ˼ŻȻԭЩ֮ǧԶȻǿҶӡ
ٱʱôȻЩ˲Զǧҵϲҳ־ͳ˹صҶ֡
Ҷ˼ҲֻţҶ뿪ʱһոմﵽԪƷСʿӥߣҶ˼׷Ѱδһֱ׷⡣û뵽ô̵ʱ䣬ҶѾΪһӵ˴ðٻ嶾޸ִϣǰμҶصĴ䣡
ٱЩʲôͷͬɻ
磬һˡ
һƻ䣬ҶҶصǰǸ⣬һ仰˵ĿۼԼϣǸȻһ·ĸʹ˴Ļ񡣡
ͷƣջԼĵ֮УǸ꣬·ոմ߳ȥתۼֻһ㡣
ߣܻͺãҶ־ϲصıһ£ļͷЦ
ҶһůĿѲӣءţTˣ΢΢һֻţTҶش飬û뵽Щ˾ȻܼУϲһůæǰ
ص˷׷ЦҶƽΪִоǿϲɺأ
Ҷϵܣ޸һȥɽ羰ţT
ҶʦܣЩ׷ɱߣû׷գ֮ɱ¶ɭȻ
ҶһһЦҴĴϲ֮գ飬Ȼ֮˵˵գҶǸȻһЦЩ˼ҶصĴ֮գŪһ㡣
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΢΢üɽơࡢѪ𡢹ɽЩ˶ǸɵһӢţ˴ЩֻҪ֮ŭˡ
Ҷ㡢Ҷ˼ԶԶҶٻ޸嶾̵ĸ̸Цв֪ʲôζҶ㣬Ȼʧ
һֱҶ񵱳Ķ֣ȴû뵽ҶϣԼֻҶ˵ʸҲûˡ
Ҷ뿪ݵʱУһֱ޿ǰýľ磬Ҷػ֮̽ΪʿҶĲȴԽԽ󣬴ü
ءţT˷׷ҶǣҶȥֻˮߵߣɽһˣ˵ǻ̫ǿ嶾Ѿסˡ
ҶһͷǣҶɣû뵽Լֳķ粨δƽϢҶңƱи֪ڴˣ˵Ҷҵ鷳
嶾̻סңʲôܹסңҶͷЩأ૵
ˮļͷЦģϼޡţǶı϶ӡ
ҶǴ󸹱ӣɣˮЦụ̂
Ϸд
ˮžĸԼһͣĿڵϷˮҴϱǡҶʦֶǲ׵飬ǸϿɽ


202 ʮ
Ҷûݴ˶೤ʱ䣬Ҷظȥ봺ˮϵˣһɽȥ
ɳʱͷݳһۣĵһĻᣬһٹһˡ
кԼѾҶҶ˼˲һ·ˣԼվøߣøԶҰĺҲ
ֻǴˡ
˵ԽԽֻһ޲ЦʵʵȴǣԽҰԽ
ҶԴӴ¥ڶ㣬Ұı㲻֪䱻Ŵ
ұˡȵĸڴˮ֮󣬵૵
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¥еõǶ䣬дԪķţԪ⣬Щӣһֱ˼⣬Ϊ¥лķ
ۣû˵
ˮ΢΢һЦ޵˼ҵ֪޵˼껣졣λۣͳһλۣΪ۵ģ֮٣ôû˵һλۡ
Ҷ̾˿׷ʣĵ¥еķӦ죬մǶȥд
ǶеĴԪ澭ǣԶԶǶ΢ͼǣٶȣܱȵʿȡٶȡ
Ƕ΢ͼǣСʮǶԪ澭ȴǴʮС屶֮ࡣ
ǶУûἰβ´Ƕ󷨣ҶǶ΢󷨣ȴݳӦΰڲ
һǶ΢ͼԶֳҶˮ֮ĽŲͬʱͼед򣬴Ҵǰеͼ
һµ󽥽ͼγɣǣµӿͼ֮С
ֻҪʮɣͼ㲻СǶ΢ͼǴǶͼ
ǶͼҪ飬Զȴǰӿֱֲ˷ָĳ̶ȡ
ͼԭѾһ͵ͼʮСͼɣɢ֮󣬾ȻֻܲʮǶСͼһͼ˲֪٣
ϴϰٸɣӶǵǳԪžʯұ㹻ĲǶ΢ͼΪ͵ͼˡ
Ҷգգ۾ϴɵĿԣԼֵʤҲûУȻһ̾ĿǰǾЦ
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ˮϻͷһۣ֮֮̾λʦڿ죬·Ҳѹ˵ֶκԣΪͽ뵤ڣΪ̵ĳˣ
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֪Ҷ˿βɣֻǾͲô˵ˡ
ٱɽ̳ˣ֮ͻȻ
Ҷæ̧ͷȥֻǰɽݺܾͬһɽͬķм۳һ㡣
ɽĽ֮嶾̵̳පҲдɽķһγһӴĽȺ䡣
ɽ㲻۾棬ҲƵϴ磬ֱԽ롢롢롢롢룬һɽͷҲвٴɽӵЩɽ̾ƣƮȥ
Ҷ״̲סҪԼ¥ЩͳͳߡѹԼͷ֮嶾ʦֵĶڡ
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ԹƳоʵڲ࣬ʦ˿̿Ƴ棬һա嶾̿Ƴ֪ʶ϶᲻
ɽУ֪ж٣żȻһɹɺƴ޵ϢɽдӦ嶾ǿߣʵΪ
Ȼͬɣ嶾̵ĵ̣ȰٻҪࡣ
˾̳Ĵǰֻǰһ̲װַʿվںߣǣʮͷţһͷͷУСڣЩѪʳТģϿ
嶾̵ĻأҶɻ
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ЩŭߵԺó⼸ʮͷţֻ²ܰǵһͷţС̵ģϴһͷţҲûܰװ˷ҵһģ
Ҷզ࣬ޣвټһͷϹޣܷչʮϰǿ׷ӵйϹ޵ɣŴɣСɸûʵ
嶾̹һͷѾǺ˲ĳɾˣгΪŴɵǱʡ
ȴ֪еԭ嶾̵Ŀɽʦһͷۻߴλʦϰꡣ
λɽʦͷߴɾɽɽšһʱȥͷԣȽǿߡ
ˣˮ۾һ΢΢ʩ漴֮һȥ
Ҷֻ󸹱㣬ƮƮæ
΢΢ͷüĿǺЦ˵ļңļһ´ɱܳ嶾̵־ȻΪϵ׻ҡ
һתϷʹļף̫ǻˣϴ뿪ɽô˵ģǵŶ̶̲£ܴôĻ³ÿĴţÿζҪľ쵣ģ̧ͷ죬ļҾŶɻҽ
ҶΨΨŵŵЦļһԶֶԸҡ
һ֮˵ĴĮ㱻׷ɱһܻ֡ŻϷο
ýн֪ЩˣѾͳͳˣ󻼣
ҶȻֵӴ˾٣ʵ嶾̵־
ͳͳˣ嶾̵־
һͣȻЩ˶ǸŸɵĺĵӰôˣЩۣܲСӣӻסˣɽλ磬Ҳסˡ
ҶҲЩǸ⣬Ϊ嶾²࣬ȴһƨɵ鷳ЩⲻȥЦѵӿˣƣ嶾̺Һ޸ϵЩӦòѰ嶾̵鷳
Ǻǣ²˵˼ϼ顭ı㣬С»Ѳҡ
˻֣ǺһЦȻСӣ嶾̻ס㣬һܹס㣬ǸıӻļҲĿŵĶԸ㡣Ҵ˴ǴǸɣܼǸɣɱܳ嶾̵硣
Ҷɻ͵ǸɽţеӣѡӣǴѡ񣬶ǴӸѡܹѡģǸŸг͵šΪʵȴӦÿѡ
ӸŸɵľӢѡӣ
Ҷһʲôôֱʣ
˫̧֣ͷɽƵɡʮңÿһôֱʡħ֮ػңҲҪɵ֣֡
ɽУһɣħĵĻȪħڣɣڰɽأһ·ϣʮɽͬﺣ򣬶ħڵΧգȪħڱ㽫ɽţѾ嶾


203 ħڳʥ
ԵΪԵãָҶǰȥСӣ֪ôʦʱħֻһ嶾ҵзӵӣʦҪһ
ҶаԸ̣ҲǶôʵ飬ȻȾͷ˷ܳ
ЩжȷȻһ
ȪħڣĪǾǵңͨӥʱǸɣ
Ҷɻ󣬽Լڰɽеļ˵һ顣
˵ݴͷ­γɵɽֻǻȪħڵɽţӴ֮ħڵ̳ʮɽ֮Уɽ֣˸ħڵıĿЦ
Ҷ񲻽ȻȪħھȻӴ󣬴󶼾ÿֲľء
ҵ۽磬̫ǳˣֹϵħŴɣֱһС͢
Ҳ¶֮ɫȻΪһ֮ڻȪħȻǰ嶾ҲֻǸϣ΢
ħʮ꿪һɽţͽܹħڳΪӣһ졣ҲΪңѡǰ嶾Ҳɳɫĵӣûͨ
֣µ㣬嶾̻һӣռһһڻر߿غ򣬵ȴԳֵĵӣȥѼ
ǵæǣһֻ򼣬򼱳ϣȥ
ҶƬֻ̣һǵڴ֮ǰң
ҶϸֻмȳȣԪȴΪţͷγһӣ
Ԫ൱ۺ񣬱ɽǵȹڵҲ˿ѷǿ
ҼҲֻжʮ꣬˵ĳɾͣӦҲһ
Ҷ񰵰ͷ嶾ĺӵܣɼԴ˸
λɽҶҶ˴һǰȪħڣ˶嶾ѵһ˲ţ˻ȪħڣҪ໥֡𣿡
ʦ֣ٱˡҶһЦ
һۣɫЩãΪβѡʦ֣ʦֵΪȵ˿ڣҶ˿϶˫˫ѡΪȪħڵҵӣ
ҶЩ˼֮ȴ˵Ҷȥ϶ѡװ˷һ绻ˡ
ĹϵãƼ
Ҷ΢΢һЦΪ⡣
񼾿ѲŰΪΪ߱޵еˣöˡ
ôһЩСƢΪԼһȡ
΢΢üΪȷʵҲô˵Ըø
һͣګګ
ԭǰҶøóһǰȪħڣ˼ȴǰóҶǸ
˼Һͳ˭ȥǿпޣСӲҪġҶЩ֮⣬ԾԾԡ
棬ɲҶ֡
ı鿴аҡͷܿóԣȣ鸡۽̫ߣʵֻ±嶾̵ļλϳ軵ˡ
˴ȥȪħڣҲΪĥԡ
ϣ˴ǰȪħڣӡ
ˮϣѡħڵӣȻǺãǲܣǻŴ
ˮͷġλʦֶ߰ա
ڿնɽȥҶæϣжԻȪħڼΪ棬ӥֻԶԶһۣȻߣû뵽ٵһ졣
ǵٶȼ죬ʱ䣬ѾȺɽ·ϣҶ񿴵һʿеļԦޣеļԦۣҲɼģԦ׷ȪħڵɽŸȥ
ЩˣһЩɺңŵӸħڣڴԼĵܹѡϣǽ
ҶЩӺݣʻ󣬸һָ߸ϵĸоӦǷҴӵܣ
ȪħڻһޱӴɣӵӴĺЩңͬʥһħڡħɣȻ֮ģɾʲôжôӴ󣿡
ħʮңÿһȻѰʿ޷ӴεŴɣǻȪħڴ˴δɽյӣҶҲԵʶɡ
嶾̵İ׳գȻǰ
ͻȻһ̶ҶѭȥֻһߴʿԦ߿ˮЦϴ嶾̣ÿĵӶ̣ʬ޴档˴ξȻǴòɾҩ
ˮɫ࣬ȻŭϹϴĵӣҲ֮أһαɳˣֱʱ嶾̿ɴˡ
໥Ҷ̣Ūһʿ̬Ȼ΢΢ЦҶ뼾¶Ƶɫ
һԪڵĵӣ
һע⵽ҶĿһ΢ЦҶٱҲܽͷҲֶ֪Σ˴ο
ȻһЦӸ¿Ҷ񣺡ҵӵܣж߹ֻɱʵսʿܷҵУɱŻгɾ͸С
Ҷ΢΢һЦΪ⡣
ԾԾԣЦԭڵĲܽܣ벻⣬ȻҲ۸һԪڵʿϣ㲻ҪڻȪħڵѡң֮أ
˭ܽܿʵ
嶾̼̬ưȵ
ܽϸϸ˼Ƭ̣ҡͷû˵
ñǿֻ̣߹ЦԦǰȥ
ˣ̫Ŀˣ
Ȼŭһֱɽޣǲ֪ҵͷȻ顣˴λȪħڵĿɽ䣬Ǳ֪ҵˣ
ҶĿ죬һۣĲΪȻ
ܹڵʵΪǿ󣬱ȼѷɫвܽܵĵӣΪȻȼһС磬һɱۣȻǸɱħͷΪ
û뵽ػҲˣˮĿ˸Զʧ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһҾ޴¥ԶԶʻͷŴ󴬣ȻʻͷվżŮƣлƻˡ
ɫ΢䣬ȻǱԷס񣬴ˮ״ҡͷ̾ʦֶǼʶ̫ǳΪߣľԶԶԶҶʦֶ
Ƭ̣ȪħڵɽţԽţ״ɽ֮ľ޳֮Уţ״ɽͣͬ޳ǣγһ޴ŻǻȪħڵɽڣħͷ­ϵŻ
ҶǵһμɵɽţȻٴαһ
嶾̵ɽѾǴ磬ȪħڵɽҲȲϣһ£һϣͬն
⣬ڡڡɷҲˣҶĿ΢䣬ɨӣֻйͻɣȻҲɳɵľӢӡ
ⲻҶô
ʩʩȻĿҶϣɱɭȻ΢ЦҶһȻQڣ˲òп
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ҶǺЦ»֪ڵʦ֣ѾݺȥɽС
ɫ΢䣬ĵ˴λȪħڴɽţǰȴٳٲ֮²ѡӡ
ȻҹڵĵгϢ󣬴˹΢Ц
ҶǸ⣬ڵɽʦ֣Ҳݺȥˡ


204 Ӣ
ƤϣǰһȵĪµ֣
ɱ¶Ρ
ɽĵ֮һĺɱϣã᲻Ȫħڣ㵱Ѷеʹͷŭ֪
Ҷͷˮʦ壬ڻȪħڣǸҶɱô
ˮݣҡͷȻңҶʦֶٵЩˡ
ѾأҶЦʵ
ˮǺһЦǾͲٵһΣǵ˿϶һΡ
Ҷ΢ЦϵƢĺθڣپ׽ࡣ
һԴüͷ˵˼ֻҪǽ˳ģȥôԹƴĲȳңôҲЩӡ
ˮļͷЦСӣ㻹ҪҶʦѧѧ
Щ̫⣬ղڴˮУҶʦܣȴҶʦ֣Щˬ
ҶɲŵںڣǧݿĿҶϣ¶֮ɫ
ҶɫȻ̾ϢӢţڰ˳䡣
ǧɫ䣬ҧгݣҶɥСŮҲɱѵͲͬȥ㣿
Ҷô˵ǵҲⲻˣѪԶԶ
ҶԶԶͷɫӢţߵʱɫͣûһʹࡣ
ЦȻҶҵܡҵӣҶУҶٱ֮ƺ졣嵭κ˶еŭ
Ҷ񵭵ɱߣ˺ɱ֮⼸λʦʦҪɱңɱˣԹñˡ
˿Χֻ۽ԵУǳɱĿ⣬ĸʢҲ˸սʦ壬ҶʦܡţҶʦ־ɱ˶ɵľӢӣ
ˮҲЩ̫ˣҲЩľսһСˡ
ȻĬΣΪԸɱһЩΪ΢ʿѣ㲻Ӣۡ
ˮƳһۣҡͷʦֶ˵ɵÿһʿΪ
д󾪣Ҷֻ겻ɫЩ۵꣬ǰɫ糣һ۵ȣеİࡣ
ʦֶ֪ΪνҪС͵Ȫħڣ
ˮΪСӵ̫ɣļҲҵҺ˯ܵһۣɱɽ͵ȪħڣҲ԰˯þˡ㣬㲻ѧ
˱Ҷٱ
ԶĿҶϣΪɽҶħǸٵħͷû뵽ôᡣ
һʮ꣬ҶС꿴ҶһۣҡͷЦ治˵Ϊߣܹɱô֣׿޷㣬һرڶǿᡣΪر׷رǿᣬߣ׷Կơ
Աߵˣ׷׵ͷǶǸŸɵľӢӣʶȻ֪ر׷ӣԪڵΪѴ߶
ǿƵķţ֪ж׷רΪ˶Կǿơ
үǸҶٱô¥֮ͣλػӵվڴͷɨˣһģʿվһЦ
Ժ΢Цʵ㲻ͬ٭֮ж֡
ԱһŮЦǲѡ
ӢЦʿʵҪ档һΪױ׷Ԫ徭顣СÿҶٱռױ׷;鶼ΪΪߣԪߵӦҰ·ӣûоϵͳҲǸ֮ġ
˵û
һӵЦҶٱȷûоϵͳЩССҵǰԳһʱЩ̵ɵǰֻ±Щμ穡ڳˣвٶΪĶ֡
˶ǴػңԲͬͶЩ֮ҲоǸ˵ҶĿ֮ҲпԷ˼
ػԣֵܽãΪүԺĿӡ
ԺԵΪȣ΢ЦˣҶٱʵҲ㲻Ǹֵ£˲ţܽ£ڻȪħ֮У϶һ
ЦҵǸ׿ǲֻʵҶٱ֮ϡҶٱӵͷʿҲֵرע
ϿԾԾԣЦλ磬ǲԣ˭ܽҶٱ۷£
ԺЦдģΪԵ㡣
ҶĿĴвɰʱȪħڵɽţѾۼϰٸɺҵľӢһԴԴϸ
ܿóЩУв˵ʵ١
һŮȻر¥ѹƲסй
һľګ꣬ɫľȻɱŨƵ˷׷׺ˣû˵ҽӽɷΧ
ľګ겻ԶվһЦӣˣ·Ǵвһ޴¯ڲ˿ĵӦһּΪԵ֮
һŮվҶĿһδɨȻԣŮĿɨʱҶԲ׽Ϣ⵽

Ҷ̬Ȼ񣬰ЩˣǺţʵǿҪΪȪħڵĵӣǵҪһɡ
ĽҵˣͻȻʧ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһսԶȻʻȪħڵɽʱսһ̬꣬һУսԽԽСġ
Ľݼҵĵӣ겻ҶҪСһ꣬Ϊȴ˿ֲԪӱڣӿȡ
Ԫӻ粻һڴںеϽԪ³Ӧǽӽڵǿߣ
˴󲻽⣬ĽΪʮ֮һôҲԻȪħڸȤ
ĽݼҽЩ꽥ʽ΢ѾǴǰǸˣҲǰĽݼӵܼȪħҲȻ޷Ǵ˼ѡ֪ʿЦ
ϵ꣬˵ĽݴĽݼʱ콵󣬰ٻɡΪʿʱð˲黶ϲ¥Ǿʣ
ϢͨʿЦ˵ĽݼҵһλĴĮ󺺹ĸ֣˴˴صˣ˲ζѪսҲһȺ޷ʿȥ棡
ĽݴĿϸϸˡ֮УžӸµĮֱʿڡ
ʿҲһɵľӢӣɫ䣬ŵɫ
ĽݴתͷҶĽݼҵѪս죬ζѪζβסϴģҲˣ˵գտڲԡ
ҶǰЦĽݴ۸һԪڵʿʲô
Ľݴɨһۣʦ֣ЦûȤ


205 
ᣬˮϺİοڻûЩ˲УȻ顣
ˡҰο
ĽݴвҶֻһЦȺɨӣѰֵùעĶ֡
ͻȻһҶ㿴ȥֻ¥ϵŮԼЦҶ֣˴Ķкܶ࣬Ҫӱֻ»кܴѡ
ĶˣԵΪȴһɲȻӢ͸¶˲۾һ
ҶջشĿ⣬ֵụ̂
ϡվǰǳЦȻ˵ĿҶ񣬷·ڵȴԶЧңͶ
ԭϿ
Ҷ񵭵˵һ䣬ΪЩ˿ΪҵĶ֣
ϿΪ֣ŲͶԼǺǺЦĵҲóЩ汾죬ķڷ
ЦҶ֣㻹֪ǻʼҽʿʵΪƷƷʿʵֱΪױ׷Ԫ;顣ƷʿʵΪ׼ȷҶ֣ڳҵţвƷƽ˵ʵ֮ϣ
ҶȤЦǼƷʿ
Ʒ
ϿаָЦҶ֣رα⣬ȻӵرԪȣ׷Ӧüϵʿ࣬ɼɱḻƷʿ
΢ЦƷʵԽսսʤһƷƷʿܻԪڵĸ֣Ķ֡Ҷ֣֪˵öԲԣ
ҶɶĿ࿴϶ʿƷ֣ȷеͷ˵û㿴ЩƷʿ
ϿһҪ۷ԿЦҶ֣㿴Ǳߵλɱص̷꣬ŵŵӣΪﵽڣΪȻҶ˶٣˾޽⾫׷ռһƷر˵ŵĽڣ֮еİ֮ױռһƷߣĥ⽣˾ռһƷ̷ΪƷʿҶֵľС
ҶĿɨȥ̷ֻͬʵâ䣬£ֻǱĿĬĬͷ
ϿЦǱߵǸӣ첻ȺǷҵӵܡڷҴ󷧣ҲռƷֱΪױ뾭顣첻ȺЦصвɥУЦصӡ
ԶǸŮھʶĽãϽ׼ҵĴŮռΪױԪ񡢾Ʒʾˣ֮׷ûУ׷棬м׷
Ͽ٩٩̸һҶҵҶ񲻾۽磬жļʶ֡
ϿΪң鱨ḻԸŸɵŶָƣ˵Щˣ䡣
վߣʿ֪ǼƷʿ
ϿЦ嶾̵ĺ֮㣬ǳûгɫױҲûɱľ飬ԪҲڣռΪһˣֻһƷʿ
Ȼܴеİɡ
ˮҲ˺֮ģЦΪϷΣ
ϿǸȻҲһƷʿḻѡ
ˮΪǿϷѾڣôҲΪһƷͿƶƷʿ
ϣôͣͬΪ˲в֪ͬʿΪԶ㣬ΪһƷ㲻ϡ
ˮ֣޲û񱼶ȥ
ϿĵΪʣͣҪʮ꣬ΪȴԶԶˣΪһƷȷ㲻ϡ
ĽݴǼƷʿҶͻȻʵôˮ̫Ρ
Ͽ̸ʱһֱƵſڵ̸֪ѰҲûж֮ʣ˿ҶĽݴʱɫȻĽݼҵţҿƷʿ
ָΪһƷԪһƷĽݴ׿Խӵа˲¥Ϊͽʮ꣬ѾԪƷľ硣ķΟ߻澭ԪΪ
˵һָ׷һƷĽݼһϹΟߣ׷ϵĳɾͲɡ
ĸָױһƷĽλʮҵĴ󷧣Ȼû䣬ӵеױȻΪۺ̼ױҲõó
ʣ°Ʒé®ɱвḻ˴λȪħյӣһʵԺɨ֣ܿḻҲ˵Ʒʿ֮ԳΪƷʿˡ
ɥ૵ղһս
Ͽο֣Ľݴ˵ûȤǿ϶ûȤ㲻صġ
粻οҡȻð
ҶĿϣЦ֪ǼƷʿ
Ͽ΢΢һЦΪԸȻƷʿ
ӢˣЦ׷ױԪΪҶӦòỳϰɣɱ飬ڰʱҸȥغսɱûڴĮ֮УֱȥŻصǣ¼ɱḻҿ֮һ
ҶҲΪֻң֦ҶȻҲսԼѪԣȷʵ塣
ŴӵܣԼݣţϿֱʮǧ
ʿλ֣ǼƷʿ
Ͽ¶֣֮ɫɬȻλ֣ȻҲƷʿ
Ҷо䣬ͻȻЦǻ֮Ҳ֣ڴнλ޳ȥΣ
ϿЦãתǸȻҶ֣ʵҼȷǰϣܽλ̭ȫʩΪλУҲͬĴ㡣Ҷֻ֣Ʒʿֻ˵ʸ񡣡
ǳǳһЦҶͶ£͸ҶһŴԪķţһʱգҶֱȻƷʿЩŴɵĵӲ١
ūô
Ҷ񵭵ҶĳһūţڶΡСȻƽ񣬵ҲһǣͶµ飬Ҫᡣ
ҲҪΪͣȴҶȻܾһֱԶˬϿ̸ҶҲᵱ
Ͽзһ˿ǲʣΪͣЦҶɱ㣬ħͷ۷㡣ҲգϱҶ֣Ҷ֧ŲסʱͶҵ£ɻӭ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͷӦʡ
ϿЦ뿪ƷʿȥȴǴ£֡ݵλʱвĸԸͶ¡
ԺλҲȺд£֡
Ƭ̣Ҷȥ
һ΢ЦһķһԪҪҶٱļ۸ܷ㣿
Ҷ񻺻ҡͷ褵·һӲˬ
ΪãЦҶٱ߿Լ㻹ֵǮ죬Сʣƽϡ˵ɣ㵽ҪʲôſϳΪСūţ
Ҷк˸΢ЦЦ


206 һ
褴˰죬òŻع촽ƺڻԼĶǲˣ૵ҹ
Ҷͷ΢ЦʵߣҲԷɣҲԣδһҪ
ɫ࣬ЦСӣˣҪɱ㣬ھҲס㣡
ҲɱңĪȺĽϵܽҶ΢Ц
ĽݴЩ۵ȻӣҵģҪˣ
ˣѵĽݼҪ췴ɣɫ˲۽ֱҶҲˣϾǸ޷ħͷû뵽ȻĽݴҲв
Ľݼֻڻʵۡڳ͢㣬һʵۻΪĽݼҡ
ĽݴӣٲߵĻˣ
褷ЦȥɭȻãСҪ˭ˣ
ӣΪƣˡĽݴ褵ڡ
Ҷ񲻽꼸ۣĽݴͲ󣬵ʮ㣬ȻӶвɵ
һλԺ״Ҷ΢Цû
ԭҲҶ񣬼һӻңʱ֪ԼҲûпܳɹԱ㲻ڡ
ˮϴҶһۣһɫļСӣ֪ΪʲôͲð͵Ȫħ˰ɣСӾǸҲҵ
Զ£æͷ̫Ӣˡ
ûãϿ£ʿϿܵҶ֣λ첻Ⱥ֡
ҶЦɽҶٱ֡
첻Ⱥܼ仨ЦҶϵܽӾͺˡ
ֵþˣ޸ľеҪһɾѾ֣ҵ첻Ⱥӷ֣·Ǻһ㡣
ֻİٽأԲԲ泤һԲԲԴִֶ̣֫Ϊ̫֣۾ϵķ⼷СԲʱһĨ⣬˵ĸоһ·ȥĴ
ҶȴûС첻Ⱥڣӵһǿױķݣʱʱ̴̿壬Ϊǿᡣ
Ͽˣǻӵܣ鱨Դ㷺ǰȪħڵĸɼҵӶ˽⣬ѡеˣҲƷʿ
ǻӵܣ󣬻в˲ӣûн롣
ȪħڵģǸŸҴ󷧵ĳ͵ӵܣĸʢĿˣױ£
Ǳ£ЩˣֻҲвٶ˼ĵײ
ʣˣϽ׼ҵİ֪ѣϿŮΪƳ磬ΪƷʿ
Ǹ䵭С椣κˣϿǲ̲һֱĬ
һĿ꣬ɽĵӣƷҲһ񼣰߰ߵʿк˷ʮݵħͷ
һǲӣӰƷʿ
ңؿ䣬Ӽ׷ػĴ֣ºպսͬӼҲûû䣬ԽʢԽԽǿ
ʣһڵĲܽܣҲƷʿĿһֱҶɨɨȥ
һڵӣˣ˵ΪȻԸһֻһƷƷʿϿУֻ
ܽܽӵϿ룬㲻Ϸԣλʦֵܣ뵽ϿӪ
˵ֻҪܳΪȪħڵĵӣھһʱԶķֵ
ȻҶħͷ֮Щÿһǳ͵֮󣬲֮£˶Ҳʮӡ
ãټϱ̫Σ
һҶѭȥֻһŮĴӵ¿ǱףӺݣһִķˡ
ߵЩŮӣһ̬ᣬãɫ㣬۲ѡ
Ͽ۾һЦ̫ӿϼ룬Ȼӭ֮ͷҶ͵λ̫ӣϺ̫ӣ̫ӵʵΪǿƷʿ룬ǸЩʤ㡣
̫кһĿҶϣһãλ˭ϿȻҲ֮ģֻҶԼҶĹϵ˸ǣΪá
ϿЦŽҶһ̫ӣԶں⣬֪ҶֵͷҶȻΪͣʵҲΪ
̫ĿӺ䣬סҶЦԭǸҶٱ̫ɽʱἰ֣Ҳ˷ɽû뱾׽ȫΪСӣ
ɽ죿ҶĿЦ
̫ӰȻһЦãֹ죡Сӣ㱻ǧ׷ɱһѹɣãֵͼ֣г𣬻ý߳ȥҲˬ
ҶɱȶϿæЦλαضŭǶĹͣҪͬ۹ãһӣҪΣ
̫޼ɵĿЦȻÿڣ̫ӾҷŹͼһƽϡã겻Խˣñ̫Ӽ˶Ķ
Ͽһ䣬ȰοҶ̫ӣƢΪߣҶһ㣬ڣǶͨȪħڵĲԡ
ҶǺЦС£ϡ
ЦúܿģϿһëȻĸоܾЩס
̫Ļ̫ӣλȨأƷʿʵǿмֵԶԶҶ֮ϣҲȰ⡣
ʱСҶѾаˣȪħɽŵĸس͵ʿǧ֮࣬Ҳвʿ
ʦּҶЦ
ϻ̳Ͽ֣Щ֪롣
Ͽһ£ЦʦֽҲ޷Ȫħڴ˴ֻѡʮӣǧ֮ѡʮӣңֻ¼ʦֺѻ󡭡
ɫҰףо֣һǧʿѡʮˣ϶Լ³Ҳ̶á
ԭҲĸȪħ֮󣬱еĽѲɡ
ҶȻģڣʦ־ǡ
̫Цͼ֣֪ôģǼҲ޷֪ʱǱ۱̫ӣǸû
ҶɫȻš
ˮֹ죬ʼû˵
ڴʱͻȻĹɺȻϢڻȪħڵɽϿգҶ̧ͷȥֻ߳ڸ޳Ͽգλޱ飬ϢΪ嫿ֲգܵĿռһζ
ˣ
һŻƽƽչʱСһɽʹӻԾȻֽϣ
ŻһˣƽƽڿУһȴû֮У·͸˿ռ䣬һ֪磡
ȪħڵħߣϿʧͺݱɫ
Ҷͷ𶯣ŻӦǻȪħڵرеıȻȲƵǧɽͼҲȥԶħ֮һ
һ߳μѡεʿδʮʵδڣԿԽħߡ˵ȣͳͳɢ
һ߳ħн޳вμѡεʿֻʣʮʱħ߲Żٴδ򿪡
ŵʮʿһȪħڵĵӡ
ں˳üħߣûлͷĻᣡ

ԥˣ˸е˳д˴ͷжʿ˳ʣµʿҲ߰˰ˣʯ֮Լġ
ѡοʼһȪħڵĺ³ϳ
ʱ֪˳Ͷ뵽ħ֮УʧϿæȵҲϿȥסħͨʱգΣأǧҪɢˣ
˵æХħߵı硣
磬ҶۿȥֻħУȺɽһɹɺڰħڿнԶħûգͬһ޴Ķڣ֪ͨδ
ãڱ̫Ǻ׽׽
̫Ц˶ǵͼ֣Щڱ̫У߹ֿ𡣡
ϿίߣЦ̫Ӳô˵λֶ˽ܣС
̫ӹЦȻ̫ӣֻǵùڱ̫ǰ
̫ӡҶĲ岻Ļ
̫ӲȻŭͷȵͼ֣Ŵŭ̫ӣǻˡ
ոջͷֻҶ̽һֻݴ֣Դϣһѱסͷ­
ҶָһӴЦһëС΢̫ӣҲҶ˵ǵͼ֣ղɽУҲ㶯֣ʱұһһ㣡
ϿȻûϵҶȻոħУ̫ʹɱ֣æȰλס֣ǧҪ˺
ӵЦǺվһԣҲȰ˵
ãȰ̫Ҫִðҵĵͼ֣
̫ŭֻҶסͷ­Ĵ֣ԽԽŭЦ̫ھɱ㣬ޱѿƣ
Ԫ𣬻һӿȵĳӣֱҶѹ
ӴҶϳҶ˿һӴȻɱ󶯣Ҫ̫ӳζ
ԡ󷨣
̫ЦԪȻһֻ˶ķˣ𣬽Ҷͳͳ֮Уϴգȵ˽˱ƿ˳ףֻ˱ˡ
̫ӵʵȷɲ⣬Ʒʿ
ϿаʵһҶٱģϧˡ
Ҷԡ֮У˿ֻХ̽˫צץס˫磬㽫˺
̫̫ӹЦֻҶĴԽԽأͷǵѪܶѣȵ
ҶɻץסԼ˫磬˺ȵվڰ֮Уֻǿס̫ӵԴһ㷢
ããȻܱȱ̫ʹʵͼ֣޺ˣɽӡҳ
̫ͷֳһӡӡȻҲǼΪѵõرƷֱ̼ױգۼɽͣҶͷ䣬ЦҶúܲҡ
ҶվԭأܣͷͻȻԾһ¥¥һͷܣһѪսɽӡȥֻһɽӡ㱻Ѫսɣ
̫ɫ䣬ʧ̼ױ
飡
ԴһѪըʱѪ档
Ҷ΢Ц˵㣬㣬һָͷ
̫ɫ԰ףæȵãң
ϿҲɫ첻ĿҶ񣬻ȻûϵҶƷʿȻ̫Ʒʿƣûжȫ
֮ɫҶ֣̫ӱϾ̫ӣʵڱУҪʵһӡ
Ҷס̫ӵԴͬסһֻС΢Цʵʲô
Ͽ֣֪˵ʲôǺãһֱΪҶƷʿû뵽ҶƷʿȴ̫ƷʿʵȻ̫Ӹ˲֪١
ꡣ
Ҷָ΢΢̫ӵһ­顣
̫ŵûɢæҶ֣̫ӴˣŹҡ
˭ǵͼ֣ҶЦ
̫ɬȻңǵͼ֣Ҷָ̧֣Źͼ֡
á
ҶָԴ÷飬һԪУһˮϵѪøɸɾ΢ЦλǿԳˡ


207 ߽
ϿƬ̣ŻعɫãҶ֣Ȼ̫ѾΪ㻹Ҫɱ
ҶһͷԪγɵĽ֮зɳһԣ̫¥еղأǿ鱦ɽӡͳͳߣ΢ЦҼȻѾٷŹΪõ֮󣬻Źң
Ц֣ҿɲİѺ󱳽
İѺ󱳽ҪɱϿЩ
Ҷͷ
Ͽ˵ͻȻֻ첻ȺЦɭȻɱúãɱúãˣһһͼ֣жǵͼ֣ɱҲɱˣֵÿΪڡ
΢ЦͷҶֲɱҲɱ
ڣ޷ǻƻǼŽᣬˣɱá
ܽ΢ЦҸоЩȤǣҶֵʵȷΪ㲻͵ϮҶмְոɵ̫ӣ
Ͽ̾Ϣһ֪̫ӵƷ̫϶ԼСֱ
ܽܵĻҲмɻ´Ҷ
ԭжҶƷʿռױ׷;ƷȴҶȻ׸ɵ̫ӣҪ֪̫Ʒʿ潻սҪһֽţ̫ܽӳȥ
ҲЩɣҶǷʵ
ĿĴҶ
ڳ˶֪Ҷǿ͵Ϯһץס̫ӵͷ­ȻӲԴ飬ҶʵĴ滳ɣ䵭С椣Ҳ˺֮ġ
Ҷǫѷ潻棬߳ɰճ
仰ûпЩˮ
ľתԪھŲ㣬ȫ˵ﵽ˵ĳ̶ȣӵĲƬҲûκ
ҰǹȣҶơԴӲƬԺ䣬ԪڸͳͳҰǹȺɽø֣һԼȻصƣɲ
ʱҶʶԼѾǿ˼ľء
߳ɵİô
ƺ˿ĬĬҲ߳ɣ
ϿҲ˿ĵʮɵİգ̫ܽӲߵĻᡣҶٱƷȷʵ̫ǿӦƷŶԣ˵ܻƷ룡
Ҷ̫ӣ֪޷죬ԼʵѹƵס
ȴ֪Ҷ˵߳ɣָԼڲôӲƬ£ǶôӲƬħһ̫ܽ顣
첻ȺĿ˸ͻȻǺЦҶֵţһΪ֪ҵħķţǿ
Ҷ΢Цһȣ
첻ȺҡͷȻû㹻İʤ
ϿĿⲻϣʶҶǿ֮вҶƷһȼҲһżΪǿ֮ҲЦصӸ߿һۡ
첻ȺƷӦҲƷҲƷѰЩˣÿСа
Ҷ񳹵ķĺˣѹֽ˿ء
˿̣Ѿ߰˰׵ӿħߵı֮УʱⷽԲĿռ䣬һƬɱ֪֮жɥ
ÿһϢʱ䣬˲
ҶĲͻȻ뵽һؼ֮Ǿǣ˴λȪħյӣһδ󷢺ƵĻᣡ
˶ĸ֣˶ǿߣϵĲƸһΪˣ
ЩĺŸɣеطϵңǵĻ壬Ϊܼ뵽ȪħڣóԼеĲƸһģ
ʤˣԼƽƣΪħڵӣ˾һ֣
ˣϵĲƸȻС
Ҷ뵽Ȫħ֮ԴЩɡдѡεӣҲǿǵһ㣬ħڵӵͷЩɳԼɫĵӼ뵽֮УӶЩʵӶǵĲƸȪħڣ
һħȻԽԽӴ󣬶ңԶҲɳΪȵȻ
Ȫħڵ˾Զͨ뵽
ϿȻûԶЦλǷƵĻᣬֻдӶ˵ĲƸǲڳΪħڵ֮ħ֮վȸţΪħڵӣûвҲᱻ𣡡
ˣ
첻Ⱥ˷׷״Цɱɭɭ
Ȫħֻʮӣ߰˰ŵĲƸۼʮУÿһ˼ӵһСɵĲƸ
ħﾺǿʳȻȪħڣǾͲع˼ɣҷſ֣սһ
ЩˣĶħķһħʿûһĴֻ֮мǳé®ô˵ĴҲĳȣѡ
Ͽüĵ֬ͻȻѿһͼֳ৵һﷶΧǰͳͳУͼ䵭ֻ߸ŻԼۡ
վ֮УЦλҸƵľд߽󷨣λռһ٣дͼλԷſɱ
ж䵭СһԲֱӽ䵽һŻ֮Уһ״ױһɳʮ
ԽԽձɷԲʮĶСһ˿λ罣ɱʿͷסгƬ
¥еղظոյ䣬㱻ջԼ¥֮С
˼״׷ռһŻʩչԼǿֶΣʿȥ
ҶҲռһŻһϰ裬Լ䵥ʿȥ
ΪﵽԪڣȻԪԪڵԪ񣬵ȴԶԶԪڣԼ˵ױҲѷɫΪʿһΣ
֮󣬽ԼֿԣץסԷ¥еղػص¥֮С
ͷƣ¥ڽ֮ϣԷɽɳһѶѵĲۺ첻ѡ
ǽͳͳɱˣҵʮᦣˣʮ
ҶҲֻһ룬˶ֻʣһˣȪħڿ϶˵Ҳû־춯صֶΡ
ϿͼħߵıϿպֱײͬƯڰеһƣ׷ױʿɱǵһ֮С
࿹⼸غϵģƷƷʿʵΪǿ󣬲ЩʱһǻԪ۷ǿߣҲҪ޵
Ҷע⵽ӵ߽ͼʿɵ壬ҲӵƵͼЩʿ໥ɱħߵı磬ʱһѪս
ʮ󷨣ħ໥ײͬһɫƶ䡣
в֪ʿ뱦ɽ֮У㿪󷨵ĳЩɽ֮УҲв໥
һħӢ֮ɱ¾ʢ磬ܴл߳ģ˲еţ˽е˽ܣ


208 ̫
Ҷ֪ǿ̭ʵõʿѣȵڣʣµıȫǸ֣ʱĴս
ʱ߰˰˵ĲƸеʮ˵Уÿһ˵ĲƸզ࣬Ķ
¡
ҶĿѭɨȥһսԶԶʻĽݴվս֮ϣƮ촽ͺСȴݡ
ֳһＸʮ״СΟߣԳɱ֣ЩΟߣа֮࣬ûһ֮С
ͻȻΟߺϲһ𣬻һ׵ľߣΧһȻײͼײһ𣬽Էˡ
褣㲻ҵĶ֡
ͼӣĿͷԪ֮ͻȻһսꪣԪ΢΢˵һ仯Ϊ׳̣ݺĽݴ£
һ̼ױȻܣɽ
Ľݴ΢΢Цս֮ͻȻɳһܣ֮ĹɣгطģÿһƬ֮Ӳսꪵ

սڴ֮ϣʱĽø߸ߵ
ֻ֨֨ܶȻֽ⣬һ裬󣬷ӵͼȥ
Ľݼҵױħ󣿡
һУ漴սꪣٿͼԶȥ㿪ħ
Ҳ£ʿɴ󣬱㽫ĽݴһٺɱĽݴȻֻһˣʵʵǿӲƴƱػ֡
ڻֻѡδĿʼĸӲƴȵڣǲСӵʱа
ҶĿĽݴڶԸʿʱ̼ױ˽ֵһ˲䣬ŽԼĵƷųһ
Ƕӵ̼ױô˵ϿҲӦӵһ֪ʲôҶͷ˿Ͽһۣĵ
Щ֮󣬵֮ңСûر˵ʵֵǶáڣ϶һսЩ˰еʵͳͳչֳ
Ҷ΢΢һ̼ױԶԶͨıǻȡĻܻһĿĲϣȫ˵һ̼ױĲϣƳһᦣ
ĶĲƸϴʿϴ˼ʮϰˣҲδѹεһĲϡ
ϴЩƷʿһһ棡
˼ٳ֣еԪһָüģʱüѿֳһλε۾
Ƕͼ̿ʼǣ߽ͼϿգγһ޴У磬ͬһ߲ʵӣ£ԴԴϻüġ
ϿһϸϸֻҶԡǹ֮УĿ꾹Ȼͼ֮ϥû
ǺǺЦͬʱҲЩľü֮У϶һͼԶԶҵ߽ͼ̼ױϵȷвٱղ˵ֵıǮĪͼĵƺ֣
ħ߱ħλһֱϥħΧĿ񣬳¡
Ҷ񿪷ŴǶͼ֮ʱǣʮǶ磬׷ӿħ֮С
λ۾¶֮ɫ
ǹǶ䣡
һλɫ΢䣬Īǹĵӣ뵽һȪʥˣ
λ۳Ҳɫ΢䣬漴ҡҡͷǹ֮еصһɣ뺮¹̫񹬲УʵһȪʥ֮ϣɵӻʥ֮С
ǧʥڵĵһۺһգѱǹʥڲɵɳϸҲ֮СһЦ
ǹɳϸҲʩչǵľѧǶиСʿеõǹش辪š
ǲǹļϸ˶صע

ҶҲûϵԼŴǶͼǣȻὫħڵλϾ
˿ſŵ¥֮УСɽĲϣҡϣֱ¥ڶ㡣
˵ڶռ䣬Ҷ̽«ͷе׻𣬲Ͻֲڡ
Ͽ߽󱣻ϣɱʿϥ߽Ż֮У̫ᦵͷ
ΪױҪȫעԷҶϿҲģԲװʵ
еʿʮˣѹĲϣټǰղأ̫ܽᦵĳƳ
ҶʵδԪΪ𣬸û㹻ʵһ̼ױǳΣҲԶΪܰ쵽
ЩҪԼߵ¶ڣǻԪʿҲ޷ڻ
ֻ͵ԵΪ¯ܽЩڻ̼ױıǮ
Ҷһ«׻׻ڲϣʲ
֮䣬ǧֲϱ㱻׻ڣʣΪԭʼϡ
Ҷ̴߶ԼԪ׷ӿ¥ֱڶռ䣬ЩԪһ¸ӵӡϽһͳͳЩ֮С
ЩģǴǶмصǶģÿһĶһǶݻ߶
ױ֪ƷûǶ䣬Ҳ޷ơ
ֻЩ໥ɣһ𣬻һɫˣͬһյóľ׻𷭹Ħ֮ϣΪ֡
ֻҪƳ̫ᦣƷʿҲԶһ
߽УҶս˫ۣͷԪγɵĽУɳһģӿ¥ֱڶռ䣬Ȼע֮С
ĲҲ׷ڻ˳Щģ뵽ɫ̫ᦵˣϱø֡
Ĳϼ࣬ʮСɽһ㣬˿ЩһֲֿٶģȥһСɽĲʧ뵽֮С
СʱҶѼĲϣ㱻ӻ˴룡
ˣ̫ᦵˣûȫɣһΣǿԾ˵ܡ
Ҷ̽Ͷ뵽׻֮УԪ۳˿ЩڻĲޱϸ˿ߣ֯ɲ
˰ٱҪޱȾ׼ԪԪҲ˰ٱֻһϢʱ䣬оԪһա
Ҷ̴߶Ԫ澭ԪάԪϡ
«е׻õһֱһ֣Ȼͣ£«е׻ľֻڣҵµ׻𣬲̫ܽɡ
⣡ԪٶȣȲģ
Ҷͷðϸ亹Ͽ״۾һѵ߻ħˡҪҪĸҺ۷εһĺʱңԸҵūͣҲŻһ֮


209 
̫ᦵԽԽҶԽƿء
ҪĲ˿٣Ҫ࣬ķѵԪ˵İʮͷĽԽԽС
ȥĻֻٹãΪһգ
ԴԪ澭ٶȣΪĸɾҲһʱڻָ۷״̬ħ֮УǵˣΪľǱûԱ֮
ȻϿ߽󱣻Ҷ񲢲㽫Լڱ֮֡
ϣֹͣױ
̫ᦵ棬Ѿ֯ԲĶСǿ̫ԪԪ⣬ǿá
«е׻Ҳʣ࣬Ҷίʵϧ
ϿͷĽƲСͷ亹Ҳɣʱ֪Ѿӡ߻ħ״̬лָҲһϧΪշʱ
Ҷ΢Ʒ̴̫¥зɳٿûüģפڴǶͼ֮С
ĴǶͼе̫ԪѾ۳ɷԲ׵ľ޴ͬһ̫ǣᦸոսͼ̱Զû֮С
žͻۿɼٶСһʱ䣬㱻̫ͳͳɣתΪ̫ɢޱȵĸ£ֻвһ״С
֪ܷ̫ױ
Ҷһ漴ȡһС񣬶̫֮Уֻһǿðһ̣ʧȴǱ̫𳹵ճɻҽʲôҲû£
̫¶ȣҪԶԶ׻
̫¶̫ߣͨĲϸ޷ָ£ѰΪϳ˵Ĳϡ
̫ױͷ̳Ԫ⡣
Ԫ񣡡
ҶԪ̴ǶͼϷԽԽСһ֦СĴ磬ٿȻ֮У裬֣ͬ׷׼ȡ̫
Ԫͬһ̫֮е裬֦ɣ·ޱȵĸ£ɲ˷ֺ
ʵԪǿȣ̫֮У϶ҷ𣬸޷֧Ŷ೤ʱ䡣
ʱܹ֮ˮȫҪԪá
Ҷ߶ķϼȡ𣬴Ԫ񣬽뵽֮С
Ԫ⣬Ԫķķ̫ԪԪޱȹ̣Ӷﵽ׷ױЧ
ͬΪʿԪǿô׷ǿױᷢӵԽߣǳʶ
ʵҶԪ񣬱㲻Сڴ󲿷֮ϣֻûдﵽϿ˵ġƷĸ߶ȶѡ
ľתԪȻǴԪķţҲԪĥøȹ̣һ㣬Ѿ׷֮ϡ
Ե˵רŴԪķţʿʱ֮أľ磬ﵽȰٻԽĸ߶ȣǸʱԪ̫ĻûٽһĿܡ
ķаԪķţǽƪĽĽֻоŲ¥Ż֣ƪ߲¥
Ҷ۾ƳϿһۣĵϿЩƷʿԪҲԳƵһƷʿӵ߲¥֮š㲻ǣҲӵϻ֮ĴԪ֮
ӵ߲¥˵ǽ֮ʣĳɾȫԴﵽٻ嶾ǸΣ뼫ΪɣԽǸҲڻ¡
ٻͲ󣬱Ҫʮ꣬ĳɾͻ޷ǹ׶ۡ
ҶǱڵ¥͵߲⺮¥飬Ҳǽ֮ʣȫԺЩһ̡
ڵ¥ȻƷɺֻܵͣ㣬߲֮¥֮ϣҶԼЩƷʿ
תԪ˿ҲѾǻԪڵĸ֣˵ʹ¥ڶ㣬ΪƷˡ
ʿƷףܹʿʵħֺαش£ֱѡЩƷʿΪӲͳˣɼƷֵķȫ׼ȷĸʿʵ
ҶһԪ⣬һͬʱתͼԴԴϲԼΪ
Ϊ̫ᦣΪֻʣɣ뾡ָ۷徳硣
ʱ֮УѾɾӢɥŵʿѾˣûȪħɽ֮УЩǰ͵ӵĳߣ׷״üͷ۲ѡ
ԼеŵΪǼȪħϵĴɣȴõȴôˣֱǸǵͷ⣡
ϹڵĵӣѾˣܿҪȫû˰ɣˮĿҲĴɨӣעħߵı磬ͻȻЦ
ڵɫ࣬Ц嶾̵ӶǵСǶϿ߽ͼ֮Уֻȫʬˣڱ˵˭Ц󣬻Ϊʱ磬ͷ嶾̵СǿһĻˡ

һǰģ
ħ֮УܽͻȻʮ⣬һָݵʿڶѰ֣ɴϲһͷԪ֮৵һһߴ߰ʮ׵ıƿٿʿͷƿȥ
ħеʿԽԽϡ٣ǰضʿһ
ǸʿΪ۷壬ΪܷܽС
ڵʵҪ嶾֮ϣˣȪħҲָ
ܸܽڵڴ󱦽ƿõĽƪмصر
Ϊرǻһ๦Ĵɱʿڴ˲ϣΪҲ˵飬ˣҲԪڵ۷徳硣
󱦽ƿܣǿ󣬽̼ױƿǻԪ۷ʿ뱦ƿ֮УһʱƬ̼Ҳᱻɻҽ
˲ܽȻΪʵȴȴǰǿ
ڱƿ˲Խʮľ룬ʿͷͻȻֻǸʿע⵽ƿĽ٣¶Цݣ˫һ֮ͻȻСͬ
÷̤ɽ֣֪
ǸʿЦеͻȻѿ¶öɭɭ飡
ˣ
ͼ۾󱦽ƿסܽܵĴ󱦽ƿδչ㱻ѹ
ԭϿˣ˭ãƫƫңȻˣұͳͳǹ
ǸʿЦݣĿҶ˿ͻȻϵĳȥֻݵϰһֻ֮࣡
ֱۣţһѿ¶һֻֻɭ׵۾
Щӣÿһһͼٶͼ֮࣡
⣬Ǵ޽̵Ʒ֣Сģ
Ͽɫ䣬æͷ㷢﷢﷢ԽԽһҾۣƯ߽ϿգһһϷɳΧͼ裡
еǰʹԼǿֶΣԼص̼
Ҷк֣÷̤ɽڵʿΪο˵Ʒ֣
ո뵽ֻ÷̤ɽಲۣͼ׷״Щ۾гһͼ֮дһɾӿָݵ֮Уʱ޽̵ĵӣͣ
Ϊһֲֿٶһ˲䣬ΪﵽԪ۷壬¡һƷ飬Ϊһڵǿߣ
Ҷ񿴵Ŀ࣬÷̤ɽͼԼΪʱڣֱǾ춯ذֶΣ


210 Ľ
޽һ󷨶ųƵɣ÷̤ɽ֮ǰһֱɽˮ˿̲ŽԼʵչ¶
Ϊθڣôͼļӳ֣һ˲ڣΪΪԺɨһƬľͷ
ͻȻʵ˿ֲľأʱħߵλħڳϣҲݣ׷׵ͷ
һЦĵУȻ˲ţѵãѵá
˱ضԴ˲ӱΪŵӡһλħڳϺǺЦ
÷̤ɽʵΪǵڣǽͼܣԼʵʱڣûΥħƶĹ
Ȫħѡӣ֮ԴûгΪڵʿѡΣΪʿڽ뵤֮ķϵѾͣЩ̤;ûоĿԣҲûǱԶû澳ʿԸߡ
÷̤ɽȴڴУ˽ͼԼʵڣȻܳ־ãԺȻ˳˳ˮױĳΪڵĸ֡
λһ˲ٺöգҽɱ֮ЩͳͳҪˣ
÷̤ɽЦҶ˻أȻ̧ţݺݲ£ʱ߽ϿգԪܶһֻʹţȻ£߽ȵһ
ϿһҲƷ֣ﱦΣһһﰿ裬ֻԪŽ÷顣
̼ױöҲҵģ֣ǧи
÷̤ɽ۾һ΢ʱͼɳ߽ϿյĿռ䣬ָһһ飬֣ͬʱͼֽ֧飬޷ơ
߽һ൱ױ÷̤ɽͼǰôгƬڣ
ͼϳһ󣬱һ̼ױҵڵʵǸûзأ÷̤ɽЦ
Ҷû߽ıæʩչֶΣ첻Ⱥͷһڵ¯ðһ𣬲ϷգҲһر˿ѷڲܽܵĴ󱦽ƿ
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Ͽվһ֣ﱦεܴ߷״̬˺һһͼ
ҶֱӰ¥𣬽Լ¥֮С
ܽΪûд󱦽ƿıʱǧи˺÷顣һӰҲû֧Ŷãɥ
Ԫڵĸ֣뵤ڵǿ֮䣬ŲԽĲ࣬ȻƷʿ÷̤ɽֺˣֱ̬Ҳֻճһ³
÷̤ɽǸ˲ţ
Ҷ۾һһһǱɱرζ
÷̤ɽȫ߳ɵʵϿλŮϣ϶ǶǿĶ֣ʹɱ֣Զٶͼ֣ЩͼصһɢĪܣ㽫ŮӲ
˫۷Ź⣬˿ûϧͷֻһɱ¾
Ҷˣֻɵʵ̯Ҷϵģһɡ
ˣҲЩ֧Ųסʮͼסĥı£᧿Σ
ͻȻλɽӷһҽУµܱͼĥʱʮиȥ
첻Ⱥúëը𣬼æҶ߿óҶʼûȫ֣·ڵȴʲô
Ҷ֣㻹֣
ϿͷɢɫҰףﱦΣһȦȦͼŭѵҶִ㣬ȵͳͳˣٳֲɣ
첻ȺոҶߣ仰ëȻһëæҶȥ
ֻվ֮УֳһȣݲȣϮɱ󷨷׷õúˡ
ÿһȶз֮·ޱȳأȼ㴦÷̤ɽͼȻýȵһ˲֪ͼ
ҶϵܣǴ÷İͳͳɱˣٳּˣ첻Ⱥæ뿪ʵ
£
Ҷ΢Цɫ֣ˣСֻڵȴ˵Ϊ磬ӵڵȻٸһ
첻Ⱥսæ¯ȻסĵһҺݶˣǴ÷İɱ⣬Ȼٻɱ÷ģ˳˳İǵıͳͳɨУ
Ҷգգ۾ıȷ÷̤ɽɵˣȻٳ֣ϾȪħֻʮӣɮ١
ȻϿ첻ȺѾ뷨ԼٲֵĻЩⲻȥ
ԭ˵ػһƷ֣
÷̤ɽע⵽һ漴ֳͼֱҶ£ЦҲҪ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһָüģʱüĵѿһͼзɳһչԽԽ
ԭҲŪ󷨵ĸ֣
÷̤ɽ۾һЦҴ޽Ū󷨵ڣǰͼǰŪѰ·
ôһΪҲŪ󷨵ڣ
ҶЦȫչǶͼʱַԲʮĿռ䣬ͼֻǧƵǳƯڿУʮռ䣬ǿգ
ЩССǳеʤͬеı࣬ͬ£һţγһǶƣ÷̤ɽͼ֣
¡
ޱߵ׷״䣬뵽Ƕͼ֮У

ҶͻȻһ˴죬̫ᦣֻ죬վڴǶ֮УһչʱǧƵǳ¡¡תһǶֱײ÷̤ɽһͼײ÷飡
̫ᦣݴǶͼӦֻ֣ȫֶΣ޼ɵʩչ
ǵһνͼ𣬷·һ˲䣬оԼǶˣȺ䣬ּ̫Բȱ޲⣡
÷̤ɽ־ŭĹͼ㱻Ƕͼѹ˲֪ţŭģôô̬ĸڴ˵أԣ㻹ʸ񣡡
һͼٿû֮Уۣһֻֻ۾ϣֻһͼ棬ʱ鲼ֵֹ
Щ۾ÿαպſ㱬һܣǶͼֶȷʵ֮Ʒʿ޽̵ĺˣ
Ƕݻ޾ʼ޷
Ҷ̫ᦣվڴ̫ǵ֮У󷨣Ц÷ָղŲ˵ҪͳͳôҾ㣡
첻ȺϿΨɱ֣һæҲ̫ǵۡ
ֻȵ֡֡ǹĽ飬ǶĶ֣ұҪ㣬ΪǱ𣡡
÷̤ɽпԣаղžʩչֶΣұ˵ǣֻӶԶӶԶˣ


211 Ⱥ
ôһͼ
Ͽ̧ͷ´ֻȺ֮УһſǳڷԲʮĿռ·ɣԴԴϴ䣬Ⱥ֮С
ЩÿһԶͬͬԣ̫Ҳ̫ԪȺǣеı䣬еȣеɱеһİƵĴǴԼϢɹɭɭħ˲ս
ӫǣһ֮һɱ󷨣ҪӫǵʩչֶμΪˣŴҲûɣΪûа취ӫǵ֪᲻һЩӫ
ϿɫŹ֣һ˵ζԭѱҶѱ֮ͽΪԸԼūţߵ
Բӣ΢ƲסᱬըʲôܽЩƵѱ鶯
ħߵı磬СҶŴǶͼڰ֮Уռʮ֮һԵüΪĿ
÷̤ɽͼ࣬ԶܺʹǶͼ
οҶΪרŶԸЩƷʿ̫ᦣȻֻǼƷױϾ̼ױĳΣǶͼ
ʵĵƣ
ĿգգĿҶϣа㣺ͼȷСƺɲ걸ͼ֮Ӧñħ߲ѷɫ޷ޱ󸻴󷨣ҲƸ֮ϣϿҪУ
޷ޱ󸻴󷨣ʿһָʿĻֻ׷еʿſױ󸻴Ĳ󷨡
ΪҪĲϣױӿֲֻӵۺң
첻ȺҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫҶֶΣҲֻͶصķݶ뿪ʱºڣ˶֪ҷҳһ׿׿Ⱥ첻Ⱥû뵽˴ǰȪħڵʿҺѷɫ˿Ҹֱ̬Ŀֻʵˡ
Ƕǵ˽ܣƬֻ̣Ҷδܽ÷̤ɽ£΢΢˼ʱȻ򣺡ͼ̫ԪڵΪԽȫչ˹㣬ֻܽ÷̤ɽסȴ޷Ҫ
ҶҲΪΣΪ޷ӳǶͼܣһɵҲӲֻܷӳٷ֮һ
⻹ͼƣͼŲǶ뷲״ֻֻ̬ܸɵۣͼҲûа취
ܰѴǶͼе󷨣Ĵͼֻ±ħ߻Ҫֲ֪٣ֱһѹܽ÷̤ɽѹ
Ҷһ£ͼƵͱ뺣ǳԪžʯҪƳٶᦣǶʱڸ޷ɵ񣬵ҪĲϣܶѳɼɽ
ɣ϶ͼڵֲٱȱǧɽͼرȣҲѷɫܻߣ
Ȼ޷߷ͼǾĻĽ÷ؼһʱ
Ŀ˸ʵֶν÷̤ɽֱӻɱǾǶôӵƬֱ
ڴƬǰʱȥĥҹħƵͳͳ֮ǿ̼ױ֮ϡ
Ƭ÷̤ɽҲ˶ãᱻƬ
ƬĵƣĽݴ褻ֲ¶棬һк֡
Сӣɱң÷̤ɽǶͼҴٽԼ󷨵ˣҲ˵Ҷ񲻹ʸ񣬶¶ɫȴ˿
Ҷţʼսס
÷̤ɽ֣־ŭһͲ󣬵ʲôطı̬һҪ̬˲֪٣ϧҴ޽̾и󷨣ȴûйأֻҪо󷨵ת֮
¡
һսԶ¡¡ʻĽݴվս֮ϣɫԶԶҶЦСӣͼ
Ҷͷ΢ЦСƨҵͼȷ
Ľݴŭڣ˿Եһͷĸ߹ڳ÷飬ͣͼ֮⣬ӳ϶һͷЦڽħ֮߱ǰԻʵڵĵ˵ˣͷҲ˵ˣˣ
ҶһۣȷĽݼҶ̵ʿĽݴɱͷҲ
Ͽɫ΢䣬Ҷ֣ǵ˵ĽݴƷʿôһɱ¾֣϶˸ս飬ΪƷʿˣ
ҶɫأĽݴţκʱ򶼲С
СƨҲ˵ˣ褺ڣ
Ľݴδü˵ͻȻֻһЦ褼ԦͼڲԶɣڴˣĽݼҵСҲɱңЦ
Ժţһڣû˹ġ
ԺĳڿУÿ˶΢Цк漴Ҷ۾һЦҶ֣ͼǲȻܽ޽̵ĸͽУ塣
·Ⱥɽ֮УͻȻľ죬ֻһɽһʿ˫־ɽȺɽ֮зɳЦֳ֣棬ûŲ룬һ£
˫ɽɿԷУȻӵмΪ˵ҶҪǿ֪٣
ҶĿɨȥ´жʱһֻԪγɵĳ֮Уľ죬ϿƯһӡһֻ޴Ѫܣç
çӡŵĵӣçͨԪ񼫶ǿ󣬱ȸҶ˼Ҫʤ֪ٱķһҶҵçͨƣһҪɱķ
Ҷɱ㣬ͻȻʮ˷ŮһΪǿҲƷʿΪҲ֪١
Ͽɫ֪ˣҶ֣Щֻ¶ǳģͼǶоɵΪĶ֣Ƚ
ҶҲɫأԴ褳֮ѾԣЩʵʿ²һһһðȽɱˣԳ󻼣Ȼٴݽ˲
褻ˣ΢Цλ뱾˼һɵǿĶ֡ȻǻҪʲô
ĽݴԦս¡¡ҶЦӣɱɱ㣡
ɫ΢䣬ЦɱСӣڣսꪣȻȣҶͷȥ
ͬʱ˵ͳͳ֣׷ҶȥʱޱȺƴ׳ۣ
һȺں֮ڣҲɱң
Ҷ񻺻˫ۣȻͬХɽ֣ŭҶĳʹɱ䣡
Ƕͼתǳ۳һ޴Уͳͳס
һҲٸҲұħУͳͳ
Ͽ˼ɷ˵㽫˶ͼ֮УɻݱɫҶ֣ѵ㡭
ҶЦɭȻҴ㽫һ򾡣
ĵСĻӲ⣬Ҳᱻõġ


212 ̫
ĽݴһԦսǶͼ֮УֱײҶɱ
սǾеĿʽȴͨľ࣬ؾܳıһ壬ҲһΪ˲õı
Ľݼʮ֮һȻû䣬ĽݼҶĽݴӵܺǿأ˸౦ҪڻȪħӱΪħڵӡ
սҲûܳ嵽Ҷߣ㱻£һſǳ˷ս裡
ҶĴɹƭᣬѼ㹻Ĳϣͼ̼ױԵƣƷʼߣս
ңսÿһǳ̲صԶͬĽݴÿһ㲻òԪȺǺƵ̫ߣ಻ԡ
Сӣסңħ󣡡
СͷԪ֮зɳһף໥ᣬһƯתӲǶͼĺ
˵סң
ĽݴЦҶȥͻȻһʱѹ̶ƶŲȴҶֱӵһǶСͼѹ
Ο߻澭
ĽݴɫǺ죬ͷԪӶȻ仯һ޴Οߣǧǧ͹Ҷȥ
ܶ
Ҷ񲻽ΪΪ漴һһͷܴ¥зɳͷ־Ѫս죬ֱӽ䵽ǶСͼ֮ϣһչٴνĽݴѹ
ĽݼҵѪսѹң
ĽݴŭЦֻѹһСͼ޷ѹټһͷڵԼһ̼ױʱѹƣֻ֧ܿš
ҵΟ߻澭ǻĳ̶ȣױƿͼʮСվõս֮ϣס
ͬʱҲӵһɽͼͼƷʿͬάתոճǶͼ֮У㱻ǳɽͼײ÷飬Ʒʿֻ̲ʣһ¼ҹˡ
Ϊӣۺ˿ѷĽݴ̽սꪼ𣬴ƾˡ
ҶҲһСͼס
´ЦɭȻҶģСžɱʵĽݴ޼ΪСͼסң
ԪγһߴʮɵͭˣֳսꪣսꪵʩչϣȻһ׼Ϊ׷ҶСͼƿҶȥ
ϿɫأҶ֣֮ʮͭݻ׷սǿ
ҶҲע⵽ͭˣԪ۶ɣӦǹصͭ˶׷Ͷ󿪴ϣĽݴΟ߻澭ҪļҵľŶ׻ʾӦҲһž׷
ʼҵĵ̣ȷۺ񣡡
첻ȺͻȻЦҶ֣󷨣ѹ
е¯СͼϿգ¯£޾ħסգȥ·
ŵǸƷг棬ҲǶͼ֮УдɽֱҶȥɽո뿪֣㱻ǹ÷顣
գ׻ɱ죬ȸաҶ֣һ޽
Ц޴Ԫӿа׻桢ȸ䡢ţ֣֮࣬ÿһ޶䱸һӡ׷͵쾡£𣬿ν磡
ʵԭţ澭ǴԪִԪķš
ɵʦΪ˼ֻ֣澭ҲһŽƪçֻͨһϳ˷ѡ
ҶҲһСͼȴ׷ϴӡòȡ
ѹһٵͼϿգʱѹơ
Ҷ˿ӿǶͼ֮еʿǾӢеľӢҲƷʿƷƷʿҲв١
Ʒʿͼ޷֧ţһ
Ʒʿ֧Ʒʿв
ֻҪͼЩ˱ûжķˣû̼ױֻ֣ѹ
Ͼ̼ױʲôʲôõó֣ˣҶҲʮСͼͳͳãֱѹĽݴǸȼǿߡ
ڴǶͼ֮ʿҲҶ޿κΣΪΪƣ׷ױĹΧޣʮﷶΧǶͼʮǵ׷ױ޷Ҷ
˿ҶҲЩﻢ£߰ʮǿ߱ͼЩһĸΪߣ
Щͼ֮˷ˣһ󷴻֮ѹ޷㹻ֻ̣ͱЩ˵ķ֮Ƭˣ
ĸ磬ôϿתԺԶԶվͼ֮⣬ɿЦ
Ҷɫһڣпԡ
ԺĽݴһεĸ֣Ҳɽ¶ˮز¶һС
ͼԼҲû㹻ѹ
Ժɫģ΢Цúα֪ʣҶֵһͼ˶УΪֽȥҲⱻѹȽˬҶֵɫ񲻶ԣĪҶֲ֧סˣ
Ŀ˸Ҷϣƺڹ۲һһ
Ҷ΢ЦүԽԡ
ȷ֧ŲסˣȥͼذܣԺıȻЦ
үβԣ
ԺԥƬ̣ʼûнǶͼҡͷӲΣǽ֮£ҶּȻѾ˶ĸѹͼ֮УʲôҲɣҲܳΪħڵӣֶΪ
΢΢һЦȻԹۡ
ҶҲ˿ԺĽͼȻ޷άִ󣬱ذɡԺԶɣûʮİ󣬶ֻҶǹʾϵϹۣݳΪħڵӡ
ȻˣôҲ֣ɱˣҶĿ
ƾٶȣֻҪ֮ãܽͳͳѱԺ֣ϣϿ֡
Ͽ㷢磬ﱦΣֱһƷֻȥͬһ⣬һ
¡Ʒڵ󷨵Ϯֲ֮£δԣ漴ǹϣ飡
ϿջرΣٴμ𣬴¥ѹ£һѹȥ
ħ⣬ħλסҶĴǶͼ˿૵ǹĽ䣬Ȼ鴫ͼչѵ¿ʤǿױѹǹʥ֮ϡ
Сʿʵ̫ˣ䣬ֻͬȼʿֻЩеĵӣܿס
ô죿˴ʥʮӣСӽ˶ʥֻˣ
ЩУٶǺţˣίʵϧ
뿴λ곤ĳϣ֮ɫ
λħڳϱĿ񣬲ɽ΢Ц
Ȼ˶ɱˣҲ֣ܲЦƽ׶ʥڵ档ʣʮʱǱ̳֣Ĵ󣬽˽ȳ
ʦ˵ͷۿħеı硣


213 һˣ˰
Щ־ҶסɥϿı֮£ǵ¥ֱӱǶͼԶҶ¥֮С
λȪħѡεӣЩеʿԲ˿̸ֲϡױͼҩķͳͳҶ֮
ããᦵĲ䣡Щͳͳɱ⣬̼ױҲŪ֣ҵᦱܴչʮ棡
ϿڼɵʮˣѹǶͼӴݡ
ҶͷԺӿȥ׹˸Ժ֪ЦһˣԶߣЦҶ֣ǣ
Ҷ̾һ֪˻ɱʱԶԶЦү͡
ԺΪﳤȥԭҲշҶĴ㣬˿ȴ׾룬мΪ𶯣жƷʿΪӵ׷ױƷû뵽ȴۣҶٱƷ̫ߣԱȵϱ˵Ʒߡֻ͵ϮֶΣ׷ױֱӽɱֵܸĻᡣ
Ƕͼ֮Уڷټ٣Щ˱ҶһѹֻֿֿܿϿϮɱ׷ײ
ĽݴҲ᧿ΣҶѹ첻ȺһԼױͼЩɫ԰ףƺԤԼ³϶ֻ·һ
ۣ
ĽݴһѪѪսѹ£ħ󣬽ս÷顣
ЩڹǣүˣǺǴЦ콫ħͳͳߡ
һߣ첻ȺҲü;ƿݣɫ
ˣ
֮УҶ˺һͷܣֻʣ¶ʮӣټ϶ߵԺӣǡǡʮˡ
ħ⣬һħڳϴһ̽ȵ꣬ˣѾɱ˶ĸ֣ҲõƸͣˡ
ֱִֻħߵı֮У̽һץ㽫ǶͼӱӲץһħ֮⡣
ҶһλȪħڳϵΪҲֲ̫һЩĴ̽Լͼ֮ʱǶֹͣתԼ޷֮
ʮеħɣһλϣǾ뢼ȰٻҪֲ
ħڳϽͼ漴ٴһץԺӴħץ˿΢Цǡǡʮˣ󹦸ɡλʮˣħڵĵӣΪʦֵܡ
ҶЦҶٱ嶾̵ĵӣ嶾̻ǵһеͨԣΪʥڵӡܲͼա
ҶͷǶͼԽԽСûüģʧ
Ȼ̾ϢλħڳƬ̣ܴݽЩͳͳɱջĲƸȻħڳϳ֣Ҳڳǰ׷ʹ
Ͽ첻ȺҲ˿һۣԷϲá
ֻҪΪħڵӣǱһ죬ԽΪв֪ĺô
Ľݴ긦ɫ԰ףȻأ̧ͷҶЦɱ㣬϶Ҫɱ㣡
תͷҶͷܣȻѹңҲˣ
һۣ߽Ҷ¥ڹǶүˣҴԲѡСƨû⣬үʵʸûУ
Ľݴɫ࣬ûЦѡ
Ҳ˿ɭȻҶģǵһܴ裬Ҫˣ㣬ӣҲˣ
첻Ⱥɫ΢䣬С۾׹˸촽ɱ󶯡
ЦЦݣ΢Цԭ嶾̵Ҷĳ˵ͷһ˵Ҷֳǰô飬ֻϲ֮󲻾ãҪɥˣ
ҶĿһضס΢ЦĪҵļвң
Ͽּ⸱Цݣв⣬ϴҶ¶Цʱͻɱ֣̫Ӹɵ
Цú죬϶Ƕɱġ
Ҷ֣ΣǻȪħڵɽţܳ֡Ͽæס䣬Ȱ
ߵвΣĪʥڵɽŶֲɣ
Ҽвң֣ѾˡҶ񵭵
ҶǺôĿ²ţҲвв㡣һʿվЦ
һʿĨȥǵѪһ嶾̵С޷ǽͼн죬ûͼǺΣ
ûͼɱͬɱһֻ
˿ҲΪʥڵĵӣǵΪֻͻͽԶԶ׿ɱҲֻܿţ
ҶɫЩ˶붼ϴˣüɥΪжԹɼ
Ƕ֮ţԪڵСʿѹƣôܻ
첻ȺæվߣҶֵܣҪϵڼڴ˵ض֣Ȼλϱֳͽ㣬ʥڣ˵ᵱɱ㣡
֪
Ҷ񵭵ΪǿԳԶңȴ֪Ѱ·ѡҽҪͳͳѿ
̧ͷȪħڼλϣЦЦλϣδŴħгʿֻʮˣǶһˡ
һˣλɻ֡
ҶͷЦȷһˡʦ֣ɡ
ͷԴ¥зɳ˿ûԼںδԴ֣Ҷʦܣʲô
Ȫħλɫ΢䣬ʱͻȻҶ嶾̵ĵԼ¥УֻĵҶͳͳȴ˻һ硣
ô죿ѵСҲʥ£
һλɫ´ԽԽ˳ۣȻʿȣֱʮǧ
λҲɫҶ֮ڴ˿ֻ̽ǶɱҪЩݵʿͳͳɵرüвĳ档
ʥڵĹزɷϣȻʮһˣôԾûнҪȥλħڳϳ
΢ЦסСӣҪɱһˡ
ʦַģУСӻ治ʲôϷ׷Ц
λħڳ΢΢ͷһ˶ʱɼٴεħ֮С
ʦ֣Ƕ㵽ҵ¥֮УҶ¥ɭȻ
Ͽ˶һۣĬĬͷͶ¥֮У
Ҷٱɣ
˹ЦҶȥǶͼĻᣡ
ûͼһ޽
ۣ
ҶЦͷ¥ͻȻ׹һ泤ʮ׵ͭǽץסѪս죬ץס̫ᦣݺڴӵĲƬ֮ϣ
޴ħʱ˷ɨȥ⵽ħʲôҲûüصһըҷ
ͳͳ
Ҷ񱬺ȣ䣬˺ݺ£ֻ۵ľ첻ڶգۼ㽫Ƭ˴֮࣡
飡飡飡
һӰըգۼа˱ħʬ޴棡
ĽݴѪη׷״Ӹ߿׹䣬ҶЦѴٴκݺ£㽫Щͳͳһ
ҼвңҪ֮أ
ȴڴʱֻһֻһѽץסħ̳
ˣˣһգɱˡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻλȪħڵĳɫ࣬û
ǸոհҶ˷ȥҶ̱ɱˣ־˵ĻᶼûС
̵ģܲһ㣿Ǹ곤ħڳŭЦѵ
λϱǸɱ˳֣һСģͶɱ˼
Ҷ˴ӲƬͷګګղŶһˣ˰ˣλǰ˰˸ˣӦò°ɣ
λħڳ϶һۣĬãλ곤ħڳ̾˿ǿһЦ£ȱġɽ˲ųҡҡͷ


214 ħ
λħڳϽĽݴ˴ħдȳЩɫή٣Ǳˡ
Ľݴ˿ѪӿҶĿη塣
ԭ㱻ҶôǶͼѹѾΪ𣬴˴ֱҶƬŴΣÿһɱһˣȻǱҲħನϼˡ
ԺӣҲˣЦѡ
ҵ÷̤ɽ¶һֻֻ۶÷飬ѪʣһѪˡ
ͼȫҶ飬Ҳ̶á
ſԣҶݺݵһۣæ죬ݻҲ˵һ䡣
ҶĿЩһɨӹȥĿ⣬æͷӣֻĽݴ÷̤ɽȼݽɫɲ·硣
λʦ֣Ǿͬˣλչˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦֵλʦָҼвСܣСܱɱţȫңȮ
ĽݴһЦҵĹħǰҿԲ׷ѪսҲԹС
Ҷʼ磬ҡͷȥĶ³ôܣĽʦĻǿٽ
ĽݴЦ׹˸˵
ǻʮ㰡ˣϻ˵
λħڳ϶ΪΣЩһһһһһҰѱҶͷ۵Ǹٱ˷ųա
ҶǣϿ˴¥зųϿĿĴʱ״˴βѾ
˾ŸˡС죬ʧҶĿⲻɳ˾η
첻ȺҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ૵һգ۹ɱ˾ŸƷǿߣ˻˵ЦصӣҶ֣Цص
䵭СҲݣҶԴǶͼͳͳѹȻֶξˣϾҪǣû뵽ڶβԣʩչֶΣɱˣҲò
ʲôɻ
һħڳԽԽᣬЦСӣѾʥڵĵˡ
ʦ壬ĳΪħڵˣ
ԣˮϣګګҺʲôҲûɡ
ˮƺһСӣá
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Ҷ񵱼ֱ̳ȥĵ׻ҲܲԼѧ׻ѰҲᱻ׶ߣ
Ӧڵδħ̳Ѧϵ˱Χ³ϹСǲǼϸ
ӦڵҡͷǡĴǶ䲢ȫ棬ණӦǸҰ·ʿ֪Ĳȱ䡣
˿ѦЦȻǼϸôԸѡһʦˣõǰ̡
³ҲЦղСӻң˵Ҳ󵨣Ȼſһ٣Ȥʵȷֵࡣ
Ӧڵҡͷʥڲ޴Ƕ䣬˭̵ѵǹһλô
Ӧڵ˫֣΢ЦԼĥȥɡ
䣬ֻҶҲħ̳ԶԶߺӦʦ֣Сѧɣ㵥
ѦϺ³ŵɫ֪룬ӦڵЦЦת̳ڵˣǳ


218 ܼ
ҶɹȪħڵ̳һ۱Ѱӹɽڵλã档
ӹɽһڵµĴӣǧɣء
ɽĶˣССʯģЩʯĸԼʮɣ¶ãɷ紵򣬲֪ʲôá
Ҷ񿴵ħڵӣеվʯеΧʯתתȥҲе˫ְסʯģƺڵȫԪʯûжƿڴ
вΪ棬䵽ӹɽϣһħڵӭǰЦλʦӦ½ĵӰգĺƣʦôƺλʦ£
ҶֻۣĺԪڲأΪǾˣȻǵڵǿߣѾ˼ԪľأֵǷҶ񡣡
ĺɫ΢䣬æʩɫԭҶʦ壬Сֶçײˡ
вɷ̵ֹģӱѰ½Ĳ׬һ죬ȴû뵽ʦ屲Ĺ̥ҶҶĪǾǸֵѦʦ³ʦҲͷҶٱôʦ£ƾմһ֡
޷
Ҷ֣Ц֪
ʯģЦеֶЩʯģЩʲôô
ĺƵͱҪʮ꣬ȴֶʱʦ֪ЩʯģʥƵױʯ顣ÿһʯУһŷķ׷󷨡֮֮ʤеӶԽӹɽѧϰķš
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻӹɽϣʯģҲ˵෨ţֻ֮࣬вȻ
ĺƼЩʯȻַϣҪߵľ磬Ѷȡ׷ЩʯֻǼķţҪӦޣ;
һѰЩϹ֣ѪʳҪЩƢòãò롣ڶַǼʯе飬ЩбߴϹֵ̬飬Щ޵̬ԶԺȻȻ׷ľ衣ֻǣҪʯ飬ҪڵΪ
Ҷ񲻽֣ЦʦֶΪʲôƣ
ĺЦһƵֶΡЩʦûжʱһһڣ㽫ԼͨķƳʯ飬ҪѧִУҪԪ顣һǵԪᱻ浽֮УԽԽࡣЩʦԴЩԪױ飬ҪڵʿһΪ൱ڰһΪ׳ȥЩϼһ׬һʣ
Ҷۿȥֻ˵صʯʤӶͼʯģеĴУ˴ͷɥȻΪδװ׵ĹԪȴ飬ôС
鴫Уһݾֱʯģ鼤
ĺЦһһԼԼٸʯıľȻټ඼ķ˻ûȴ󸻴İܼӣȥ顣ԲŻСֶ˵ƣСֶڴǻǰ˼飬ȡһôѡ
ҶһۣЦʦֶЩӣһ˲ٺô˰ɣ
ĺƹЦԵõô̸ϣСֶʮǰʥ£ǰ޵ڣû㹻ĲƼõױԴΪҲ׬һʺô̼ױ
ʿвڴתתȥȻǺĶͷ૵ɮٰЩһӾѹ۸ҵҲԽԽùˡʦ壬Ҫѧϰ˵ص׷Сֶֻۣնʮͨױ
ҶЦױҵв٣Щױʦһô
Сĺֹһ䡣

ԱߴһߣҶѭȥֻЦǰֶʮױʦ֣ǶʮͨױСʯģСҪеȸ״󷨣
ĺƽЩױЦеʦܣҪѧĻͶʮױۿۡ
ɫһŭΪǶʮҪʮ
ĺƵʦ壬ʦܣֲһΪܿӾͿӣܿӵĵȻҪֺá
褲Ȼŭѱʮױȥˣ
ĺЦٺЦҵУ³õʥڣһһСӣΪʮɽǴصĳ̵͢ģȥʦޱȥɣ
ûŭȥ
ĺƹЦ̬ȶ͵ҰȥʦҰ̵ģһһŵģûôŵģʦǰϴʮɽһָͷ㣡
ЩѪĿ䣬ݺݵһۣȴ¡
Ҷɶ࿴ĺƼۣһһֱ񣬴˿ͻȻȻ׶צ¶
һﻹ˵ţֱ褻ҪʮǸԣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ¥ȡʮױĺƣЦֶʮױΪҽĺôѣæһ
ĺ־ϲƬ̣æЦʦǴ󷽣ЩױСֶգ޹»
褽ѵһ٣ʦкˬǹͣ
Ҷױᣬߵһʯǰϸϸʯ褿е׷ȸ״󷨣аʽʯֻ˵֮ȴȸ֮Ρ
Ҫ׷ƣõ׷裬뼤ʯе飬еȸ̬
Ҷȸ״ֱӼԺ֮УĦ飬Ȼأ漴¥ȡһ̨Ѫս죬һ񣬱㽫̨飬һԾȻͬһŤƺҪ¡
һץʱָ֮ʮ׵ץס
ĴĮı磬ҶΪŴﵽԪڣ޷һһ𣬱ὫԪɢԪһƷԪޱ֮ߣױס
ҶץסʯɨʱʯĴԴԴϽգƬ̣ʯдһУֻһֻȸӹɳٿûԺ֮С
Ҷ˫ֻֻۣȸԺ裬ɼȸ״󷨵İʽһһݻַţޣͳͳȻء
׷˿ѷԾŻ׷ԶԪ𣬹ȸǲɱǷУΪ
һͻȻֳһֻ˶ȸչ˫Ｘʮףȸȼգɢ˵ˡ
Ҷһȸ˫𣬺һɳʮٶȾˣ
Щʯ飬Ȼ׷ѷʽдϲջԪʯȥ
ĺƿ۾ֱˣ૵ƴ֣ƴ֡ʦ屲ģ־ͿóһһӻӦʦ͸İɣʦ汲ֵţӾǺù
˵Լ飬еĴУó֮٣ҶøΪͼڵʦְæ
ҶֱһӻģʿϷΪܼӣûжֲ
ĺȴ֪ԼıͳͳԼ׻УҶĴĮԼĻ
ʱҶ㽫׷ͳͳѧᣬеҲĸɾٴȡһʯȥ
һʦ滹һĺƱðʧǡ
ûãҶȡнʯԺе׷ͳͳѧһļƣĺƳ


219 ½
Ҷѧǧ׷֮󣬱ֹͣΪЩ׷ѾķһƷ
ǧ׷вʯԺ׷ʮ֮һȴΪûбҪѧϰȥıҪˡ
Ϊޣ㽫еѧϰ׷Ҳȫѧᡣ
Ҳ׷ǴͬһϹݻ˵Ο߻澭Ο𻯴󷨣Ȼòͬ׷ĸΟߣֻҪõΟߵ̬ݳ׷һͨٷͨ
ֻҪĦ׷ҲԽ׷ͳͳѧᡣ
ȪħڽʯԺȷǷ˲ٵӡ
ĺƿľҶ׵Ļ˳ȥ
һʿ˳˳̥Ĥ̥ˣȻˮƯ׷
ĺҶҪۣħӵʮɽʤЩ֮ÿһɽķռݣֻ߱Щǿ޾ΪС
ӵЩ֧ȨõӼȡ춴óӻ
ϾǸɽĸɽǣԴԴϵµΪձݽߡ
ĺҲħڵӣɽӵжֶҲӵһɽʱСɵı
붴ĵصԼԺԪʹã㣬Լ޷Ԫ
óѧϰʯԺ׷򲻿ϸɣҲֻҶֲƴֵļһŻ۾գҲգ˷
ʵҶԼĿǣֻ֮˵˲õı˵ԼдǶͼ輳ȡ
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ĺ֣ĺæܹЦʦ壬ʲộָ
ҶЦ׷ʲôױķţ
ʦʶˣСֶʯԺ˻ô꣬ԺϤ
ĺƱ߱ߵʦױķţʥ֮УڱȽϳ˵ķҲߡЩʯ飬ԪֻʥڵЩϼһĺڵúܣʦӵĻûд󰭡
ҶǰȥֻǰԶһڴԺУʮ޴ʯģвʿϥڹ£ۿϼص֣ϸϸĦ
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Ҷõļױ֮ҶʱҶ[ڸԪʦ֤һһϣûпɱԡ
ţʯֻǰƪؼλñĨȥȻʯĵħڸΪҪϰţֻʯṩ㹻
ʯĿȥֻЩʯϵķҲֻаƪ
ʦ壬ǲǺܺڣĺƴյߣ
Ҷͷڣڣ˸磬ҲҪŪʯģƣ
ĺƴ˴ûлع
ĺƣҲȥһõڵʿЦ
ĺƿһۣЦʦ֣ʯԺ黯壬ȥȥ
ʿֺݣԹЦҲĵطЩʯе飬һܼģСӣڴ˵أֻ裡
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ĺƲѣֹҲֻŻ˵󣬱ָߵģͱֵ͵Ĵǲһ
˵ĶԻ۾һҲ޷ʯе飬ʿٺЦСӣ͸һ
Ҷһۣᣬ̧ȥĺæϣ֮Уֻеʯֻ棬زͬļ֮
Ҷϸϸֻʯеļ֮ѾǼΪ߶˵ļţֻºѰЩӺõļ֮

ҶվһʯǰּĶһ飬вɺȻȻΪ
һһֻһʯǻȪħڵڼ֮ڤʮ൱Եһżţӵϳ˷ױãܹϮ˵ױױߡ
ķʮأʮصĻΪԼԵһʿԵױ൱аţ
ڤʮӦþӦڵʦķˡ
ҶȻʯĿȥֻһ໨ʯصȴһֽǧǧķɶۡ
ĺЦҴ̫ϳϣ˼Ȼʦ˼ǸŮӣ˸ôֺ֣ʯҲ̳ͬĻ
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ϸ棬ʮķţȻǰԼױĲֱ֪ĸħڵĸ
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ҶֻʮˣֻЩ⣬˰ķױᱻڤʮʿױȥ
ףһģ
ҶĴֻĽһʯģ沼ҳȻѾ֪û˴
ǰȥȥʯıĳֻʯıصһżΪصļ֮й½ƪ
ôѵʯĵʿѾˣ
Ҷϸϸ鿴ֻʯϼصķűʮڤʮҪԹ¼ݻ֣ױ֮򷨲֣
ķˣ
ҶȡһʯɨȥʱʯдȻһ죬ɫĴӹзɳӵԺһо֮ͬӴ
½֣½֣ԭˡ
ҶĿ񣬽ż֮ϸϸ˳лȻż̹֮¼ܵ򷨲֡ν£Ϊ֣һƹһǶƻ񣬶й¼ֻǳ޷ˡ
ƹ۳Ĺ½֣ӲӣʶĿԶ۳Ĺ½֣īһ֪ħͷ
Ҷת½Ƭ̣㽫Ĺ˳΢ʱԺһߴСĽ֣ͨںڣͬڽ΢΢ζ
ɱ̫࣬ѾʮˣȻôĶ


220 ȥ
½а˲֮࣬Ϊ˱֡ر֡챦֡ҵ֡󱦽֡½֡½빦½֣ÿ޳һ磬Ժһ֡
ʯ֮е飬ֻǰĲķҲ˵ֻĲ㾳磬Ϊ̡
ֻǰĲķҲױ̩ɽᱻᣬԱ˵׷пã
ܻú漸ķ½ֵľأ򷨲֣
½ǰĲķ϶Ȳڤʮʮķ˼Ȼ̫ϳϵġȣֻҲҪѷһ
ǣڤʮʮȷţʮ㾳磬ֻأ֪ʱ磬½Ҫࡣ
½ҪҪѰķǱȲڤʮ
Ҷĵ׷ޣķѡҪģħԪ澭ֻķеļ֮ܽ׷
ħԪ澭еļ޵ķţҲڼķ࣬еЩȣҪѷɫ٣ַţҲʿ޵ķԽ׷߷
Ҷ߳ĺæϣͬһࡣ
ҶڴԺУҵħԪ澭޼ƪȡһʯȡƬ̣ӿԺ޵ķҲȻء
ŽֱӶ¥У¥ա
ֻ˲ʮ֮һ¥СƷףҶΨֱ˿¥ĲͬѰ֮ͬ¥Ҳ뵤֮С
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ЩʿΪߣǰħڴɽʱĵӣǴħڵʱж̣ûۺļҵףǸʦС
ЩˣƽҲ˲ٲƸͻƵʱҪһʣͻƵõʱҪһʣѹҪԪһҪһƽʡԼã᲻öԼѰΨԼ㣬޷ͻơ
ԽԽǻȪħڵһ
ҶէûидЩȴᣬһ಻ԣ̸ֻʦıϢ
øеСӣ֪ĸİܼӡһʿ¶Ľʵɫ
ɾߵҶǰٺЦСӣĺûǰ;Ĵ죬ʲôǰ;ڻȪʥڣֻҲ㣡óТһ
ĺۣĵƨɺ죿̵ģѵǸ˼ƨɺ棿
ôСӣǵΣɼҶΪɳ
Ҷüë
˵ʲô˵һ飡ŭЦɭȻ

ɫǺ죬ҧгݣȪħڵĹͬŵӲʥڵΧɽţطˣ֮ͬԹ˽ҲʯԺ֣ЦСӣɽĵӣҶʦô˵ʦҪʦѵѵ㣬֪ʲôг縸
ҶĿ¶ɫЦǹǷķʦ̫ϳ飬Ҳѵң
ɴ˴ɫͻȻò԰ףǳϼĸ֣˵ʦҲûʸ
ҶЦΪʥڵ̫ϳϣȻҲҴԲѣʥڵһ֣Ī㻹ѵɣʦңҲҪͿĳƺһʦܣʲô֣
ǸҶٱѦʦ嶪ǷҶٱ
뵽Ҷɫָԭ״еĿ־ɢߵΪλʦ壬ԭ㡣Сӣôţ̫ϳӣˣҿ˭ס㣡
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Ҷָһ⣬ݺݴϣ
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ֽ˻Σ۵˿Ѫޱڴģܴܴ裬ɱ㣡Ϊʥ֤
ռʯԺ黯ȥ
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ҶԺȥЦ޷ˣһΣܹڶΣξ֮У´ңҪڵſţǰֻһֱȥ
ĺҲ޷֮ͽжΪĵʦ嵹ˣִ󷽣˻첻ҡ
Ҷ뿪ʯԺԻصǷ壬˿ǰ׻磬΢΢ҡͷ֮Уϥ£Ŀ˼׷һ顣
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գ֮ͻȻĺУ޵ĽзডӥХԳ䡢ӡ˻죬׷״Ӵ֮д
ūһæ̧ͷȥֻͷԳԾһͷëԳһץбˮշ裬һͷëԳжһִľ׮Ҷ
һͷɫԳݹЦ˫һı㷢ʯ£һͷԳȼգۻɹ
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һӵγ̧Դɽȥ
֮䣬һֻֻϹִӵڳʱǷ鲼ֵϹޣԷΪףڹǷϿȥΟߡӥߣҲ֣ΪףХɽ֣и̾ڰ֮УĿޱ飬ĿЩޣ߸ϡ
Щޣǧ֮࣬෱ӣʤ˵ĸо·ԼԶǸĵĴʱ

һڿڴ󶦴ӵзȵͣڿУʱԪסѹһУ
ļҵϾ׷Ŷ׻ʾ
һֻֻϹͬɶ˻ſڴ󶦷ȥһû붦С
ſڴ󶦣ÿɵһֻޣϱ㸡ֳֻ޵ĸһʱ䲻ſڴ󶦵Ķڣ鲼Ϲ޵ĸ飬ɢȸղŻҪ˵ƣ
Ҷ㽫׷Ϊһ¯ΪһԾŶ׻ʾΪ̥ǧΪģԼһžѧ
׷ܹ˳ɣĳɾƱز


221 
Ŷһѹ򷨣
ҶӴго˸ͷ˫ִһһӡеľŶȥ
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ƣȻ˳Խ̼ױļƣȻв̼ױ֣
׷ȲױǳʶҶ񿪴׷ȻгԽ̼ױļƣֱԽ˵ĳʶ
ǧ׷ǧޣǿһ𣬿Լľѧ׷ӵ׷еľ裬ŶһƱػΪϵ׷
䣡
ھ޶ͻȻըֻſڴ󶦣Ưͷҵıըãܴ
Ҷ񲻽üǧ׷һ𣬱е࣬Ȼ޷Ŷһ
ҵľŶ׻ʾǵ˷ֻ֣֮оŶͼַģ֮ľŶҪǧޣǧ׷ΪһŶͱ㹻ȹ̣ѹ򷨣ˣֻʶľŶ׷ơ
ҶΪϧľŶ׻ʾݻľỴ̂˲Żᱻǧ׷űûܽ׷ơ
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Ķʮͭˣǹѹ˵ױʮͭˣӶγɵľ׷ܲС
׷褲ûеõķţǻҵĺӵܣֻӣܽӴĶδۼʶʮͭ˵Ļᣬ˵ҶôǶͼѹǶߡ
Ҷ¿׷붼ʮͭ˲УѾ˲ĳɾ͡
ҵ׷̥ھŶ׻ʾȴŶ׻ʾżĲͬŶ׻ʾѹ򷨣׷ȴ򷨣
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ЦͽŶ֮Դ֣ΪЩ׷ǴϹݻ֪־Ŷ׻ʾ£
ľŶмĿռ䣬ֻҪѰļľŶ׻ʾʶľŶԽ׷ȾŶ׻ʾҪǿ֪ٵľء
ˣѰµ׷ԴԴϵĽЩ׷뵽Ŷ֮У׷ٴ
ŶǴ֮׷ʯԺҪȡһһҶˡ
ҶĵٴӦڵ֣׷ĳɾ˵Ӧڵδܳңڤʮ裬ȴҵĹ½֮ϣֻͬȾ罻֣һĶ֡
ʵ۽ҲøӦڵֵΣ׷ͬҽǣ޼ѰӦڵڤʮĹ½ֻ˱ֵľ磬һδԲ޷סԼױ
ҶȻʵȻûбʤİա
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ϧӦʦߵĴæסɽѰȥ
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ͷ£¥ռʥʳҩ֮ˮǿ
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תԪ澭ʱֹǷǶͼǣԴԴӿڣڵֱӻԪ
޾ԶԶȥͬһ߲ʹǶбֱ£֮С
ΪҲͻͽһֲֿٶȿ쭣ԪԪһƷʱǶٶѷһ
һһҹʱ䣬Ϊ磬ΪԪƷʿܹǣ࣡
ڶ죬ԪƷ
죬ԪƷ
ʮ죬ԪƷ

ٶȣڻȪħȻУҲΪټοҶĵɵԪͨʿٱ֮࣬ÿһС磬ҪԪ˶˲֪٣˵ٶȣʵĿ
ͷĽԽԽֵķΧҲԽԽ㣬һ֮ͻƵԪƷʱͷԪѾγɰĶƣԺīĹ½һԵׯ϶ֹ졣
ԪƷʱƱʮĶСɫԪз磡
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ҶԪڵ۷ʱǶͼܣȻˮ˲٣ȴͼ۵޷֧ţͼѾ۳Ƕ˲١
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ҶĿвκУ漴ְ̫γɵǿž޴̫Ҳǰ編ơ
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ĺƽе̵ģ̫ײˣ̫ײˣҶʦ̫Ҳˣ
ԵһλװŮһۣҶʦһķС֣
ŮƤ΢ڣȴΪ񾲣ȲĺƱѵһ䣬æס졣


222 ѹ
ҶϥϿգ̫γɵ̫ҲȥԪ̷ڣֻͷĽԽԽСѾСһ߷Բ
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ֻһܽеĽͳͳ£ͷ´ﵽԲ
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ǶͼƣǣѾٶȣҪĹͷϡ
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Ҷ˵ͷʾ⣬ϿЦһЦҶ֣ʱ䲻ͳΪϵʦ壬ƿһɽΪоǿϲɺء
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ӢЦɸڴƱǺϵĴ̻ˣ㼯صĲϱǷʥڵĳϣҲѡϡ
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üչȻΪɸԼҪĲϡ
ϿЦҼ뵤ڣѾ㹻Ԫϧûгֵ¯ҲȥɸѰһЩ¯Ĳϡ
˿ҶӢЦҶʦҪҪͬȥ
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Щ̫ϳֻѰܹ۵Ķǰ㶼ǿտյֻһС
ЩһȻͨħڵеı̫ϳ˵ǿпޣʮղЩֶֻΪ֮ȴҶ
Ҷǰ׻ѹһ飬׻ǰտҲʲôҲûУҲѰǧһ
һ׻磬׻̫ϳϵ׻磬û˽С
ҶֱӷϵһռϿգֻ׻һȺɽ֮Уһѩ׵ԣȺɽ֮Ĵߡ
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ʮͷ۷壬ԪĴָսٲȻ׻ڶռ仮ΪʮСС
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һͷԪڵĻѻɹֽУһɹħ棬⵲סЦɱȸĴȰռգͼı
˵ζһͷħǿᣬſ״Ĵ죬Ҷ
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˳׻磬ϿЦλǿԳˣȥɸ󣡡


223 ҵĹ
Ӣһ¥ҶϴϷȥ
Ҷ´棬¥õļΪݻͷԪڵĲӥӦһ̼ıû뵽ŮȻóرӦʦӡ
ĺҶЦʦʦʦ壬ʦ壬ʦ̫ϳ˼Ȼʦ棬ʥϵ֮һ񣬲ͨϵܱ⡣
ҶȻʥڣЩϵ
ϿЦʥʮ̫ϳϣ̫ϳûչӣĸԶϵЩµĵӣҲԳһϵҶ֣ЩʥڵĳʶԴһ±֪
ҹǷֻһӣʦ磬˭
ҶҡͷЦǸϵЩʲôˣ
ϵյɽյʱ͵ʿ
ĺƲ¶֮ɫʮǰһ죬һλˣ๫õһ˲黶ϲ¥һĸŸɵľӢӶУ๫ķͷһʱ๫ӡΪֻͽԶԶƲ
ӢЦʦΪѾ̥Ĥ̥ڣҪ̥ˡʥڵڶǰΪʮλӣʦĩһλһϵֻʣʮˣ½ʦ丸ĸʱɥʦִǱļңļҾŶΪļҳϷ֡һλʦ֣̫񹬵ĵӶʱ
ЦҶ񣬵ʵʥڴɽţʥ೤϶ΪĽݴӱΪڶʮλˣȴû뵽Ҷʦ˸ͷû˳Ϊӵʸ񡣡
ĺЦҶʦķͷ˵ӦΪ£֪ʲôӣҶʦȻΪ鳤ϵĵӡ£ͷǴʦأʦֵԪʦֺʱȻʮ꣬Ϊ޼ѾԪ񣬳ɾͨǺʦ֣ʣŲ¥°빦ڴʦֺʦֻѹƵסֻٹһα㲻Ķˡ
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ǴŶȹȹʵ̫̣粻ȹֿһĲ棬ȡ֡
Ͽʶ㣬ɫҲ죬ͷٿ
ĺȴĶۣȹ񫣬Ҷʦ壬ǻϲĵӣʮǰΪʥˣΪҲǻõƷȴĺмλʦֱƭʥڵΧʩչŮϲľЩʦͳͳһΪɲɾ
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Сỹ֪˭
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ߣһǷͳͳɲˣǵǱ˴˵棡
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˵Ϊߣٶȿ죬Ҷ˸޷ߡ
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Ҷ񵭵һЦ÷̤ɽԼԺ󹦵½ֻħɭɭ
ׯϣ֮ɫ΢Ц̾Ϣ÷֣ȱ£ƫƫ⡭


224 ѹ
ϢɱңΪʥڵƵӣ˴Բѣ
÷̤ɽЦĿǧſǧֲ֣Ҷȥ
ͷһڵͬһڶԪγһ˶Уɢ˵ơ
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÷̤ɽǧҲûӳԵķ룬أһͼδӽҶߣ飬һը
ÿһͼը¶壬صһһѪϵ۾ը÷飡
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ļҵľŶҪѹˣɽˮͳͳѹάֹ˲˥ҶľŶȴƻһͳͳ飬뱬ȾŶ׻ʾӱ
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ŶȻ𶯣ǧϹ޺Ȼ裬Ųһ޶ݻ£ÿһ׷˿ѷԾŻԽ˻㱼ΪԶģ
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÷̤ɽղͳͳΪУ̧ͷȥֻĺϿ֣һˡ
ĺ˵̼ױ˿ױͳͳƴ転
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ҶƬ̣ҡͷﶼֻǰƷԶԶûдﵽ̼ױĸ߶ȣӦĺܵΪƣûܽױɡ
ϿΪƣ޷ﱦεܳ׷ӣ෢ӳһɵܣΪܷӳһɣѾˡ
Ըɻõĸ֣ԶԶ
޳ɻõҲ̼ױһһѾȣ֮Լа׷Բһӣķɷǧ絶и
ѱƵױ֮еķɷɣ籦ȡ
һױҲһڵ
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Ҷ𶨷籦һǧ׾룬سɴ磬֮㴳籦ȵĹΧ֮С
÷̤ɽˣûã
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ЦţˣһĺƵĴײһ𣬽ĺײѪɳ֮⣬漴ϿȥϿӲӣæߣ衣
ɽͳͳˣȻҶɭȻҶģʦѹңƵҹԺҲнգ
Ҷ̧ͷͷ籦ȣĿ죬ʧЦʦֶƵױ
ɵȻͦȼһɷΧƱȷ裬ҵ籦˷ɷԪڵĸ֣һȣҲҪܲסСӣǰңҪң
Ҷж籦ֶڹʥڻü
ҡͷ̾Ϣ籦ǰһЦ


225 
ɷڱ˵Ϊ£Ԫ̥ڵǿߣڽ봿ķɷ֮ʱҲҪСΨֱɷûɢ
Ҷ˵ɷȴͬˮһƽ档
Դ˶籦Ҳû¹ɷɷױҶҪһɵĿ⣬ͬһı硣

ɴŭХһԪҪӿ籦֮Уʱȴ򿪣ԽԽ渡ֳɽˮͼɫķɷһ棡
꣬̽һֻɫצƺһֻޱ֮Уͼ
ĺϿ̾ۼҶߣĺɫأĨȥǵѪ꣡û뵽ȻˣֻЩˣϣķûг׳Ρ
Ȫħǿױ󲿷ɽбѹƿС
Щޱȿֲַ죬ħڵױʱܶ˶ЩΪģ壬һƣ
ɵ籦Ҳѹ黯籦ƶɣһǰ;ױмռ䡣
籦黯֮ħߴǧֻ꣬ڵıзϢҹȣñȵһʤһգ
ȻûлԵ籦ȵı֮Уۼޣ˲ܽԼı̼ĸ߶ȡ
˿̣ԼƵ籦ȵܣչԪ߶еķɷеķɷһֻ׵ķ꣡
ֻ˶︡ȻԾֽϣԾʱ·ҵ˹ХƼγɺɷɷһƬХɨͬǧɫ
ŭ𣬷·Ƶţⱼڣֱײ춯أ
¡
ɫβͣɨ·һɽͷԽɽɽͷ飬ɽһµԲͨ
ǿһУӢҲĶһɱδ׽ڵСʿֱɱţ
ɰȻͦ籦ǽɷγɵķ꣬ݺɫͬצֲ
Ӹ£Ҷ񣬷·ʤȯգ΢Цͳͳ£ȦȻҿͷǸ˵ˣһȫʬסˣֻһȫʬ
ĺɫ䣬ʦ壬ҪҪĵ͸ͷϸôһȫʬ
ϿҲɫЦɱʲôûмҵͷûпܣ
ʦֶڿЦô
ҶҲȵܣ籦ͣɲΪ⡣
籦ȣڶ籦ǰ˶˻
ѼӣӲ
ŭЦȻӶʱǵɫŭһҶ˸ǰĺƸոռԼĵƴֿȴһɫ·ײε֮ϣ֧飬ʮɫ֧߻
ԶԶȥͬʮֱḷ́
΢΢һٴλӶȣʱŹ磬һ˲㽵ٵҶ˵ͷֻɷɷ۶ɵľŭ̧צӱȥ
צӸոս붨籦ıȦУ̻Σſҧȥֻ޵Դʱһ룡
˺ҧգ֮䣬ֻзɷ۳ɵľޱǧٿף޷Ρ
ĺƴ˴ʱһ׳̬ȶ֮Цʦ֣Ȱѳ̵ҲʹСȵúܣ磡
Ͽһۣĵôôӣ໰
ҶŶ籦ӭ쫷ȥʦֶڹ£ͷǸҷɽ
ɫ΢䣬ץס籦ȣԻӶ粻ӷɷԴݻһУЩҶǰͳͳɢΡ
ŬĵԪƴӶȣȴʼ޷ֹҶ˵ĽŲ
ˣӣǸҰɣ
ҶͷŶ֣ԪӶӿһֻᾴ֣ĶСӲӣ籦ץȥ
ɼ𵤶㽫Ľɫѹ飬ȴڴʱĺƵĵббײھ޶ײֿ
ͬʱϿﱦΣ紬Ůͷ֮̽һ֣ץסΣݺ£ʱɴ򷭸ͷ
ֱץסΣȥ޼ɵ
ҶĽɫֳûץס籦ȣѱȴǿг
Ѱ·ɷվͷɢŭЦ
ѼӲϿٴμﱦΣݺ£Ц
ҶĶ籦ڣɵ籦ȺôҲϲЦտ

ﱦλδ£ͷͻȻһλε飬â䣬һɻɬܣﱦҲ̼ױȻ޷ȫӳܣҲͬСɣ֪δ£㱻ǿø߸ߵ
õ
Ͽɫ䣬æջرΡĺҲæ˵վҶߣʦ壬а취ûУ
ҶҲü˲ý籦ȼͬ籦һ¥
ǻõڵǿߣõֻǼٵԪǿлõ绢Ʊܽĵ߷޷ֿĵز
õһֻಫɺױȻã
ʱƴþױֻʣһڵԻõ߶ɱܽͳͳʵ
¡
ɫ񣬼𵤶ֱ£ͳͳ֣Цǳɹļŭң㽫ͳͳ
޶죬ҶŲסɼ򶦿ڷȥ
ڣֻӲƴһ;
ҶѪս죬չӭ죬жʱŨѪζλһ֮
ͷգ¹࣬ɫԪԴԴӿս֮УֻչԽԽأͬһĸһεѪ鸡ڴı棡
ϿͷӱһֱѪս֮УѪսʱٴͣ״СͬһĻ
ĺͬҲȫԪӿע뵽Ѫս֮УΪҪϿʮ˺ڽѪսܳչǧףڰգޱȣʮ֮ͬһ޴飬ֱӺڵɵĴǰ
ˣˣˣ
̼ױܳչ˵죬ͷۻؿڳƣֻرббؾˣѹÿҲ
꣬ɵĵһѺۣĿģѪսҲųһ޴ѿڣرȻһ˲㶼⵽ش
˼ͬʱˣѪ
ﱦΣҶͻȻѪսĨȥǵѪȵ
Ͽ⣬̼ΣٴȫʩΪԽԽͬһҾ޴˵һײɵĵ֮ϣֻڵѺԽԽ࣬ԽԽ
ﱦҲͬʱ⵽شϿ
˸أֽҡҡڰڡ
籦ȣ
ҶѪϣɫȻ籦Ҳ˳ȻԱƱƴرҲҪɵĵĥ飬Ӳĥ
ȴ򿪣ϯɷ۳ɷ꣬ɵĵе÷飡
ʦ壬ҹˣСֶͻɽʡղ˵ֻҪҹ¾Ͳɱҡɫ䣬æڰУЦ
쫷һɨ˺Ƭ
ղʦڿЦôܵ棿Ҷ籦ȣ


226 ֮
Ҷ˽ɵղͳͳϷ֣ĺЩţõΪʢˣѹĵӡ˿ΪϲµʿȻһλǿ߻УʵЩ޷š
ʦ壬һϣѹǸҲ˰ɣо˸סֻŮӢ֣ɱþ춯أ촽
Ҷæҡͷ
ЦŮޱȣֶξˣǻõƷǿߡ
˶ԸɻЩǿ̼ױϸˣֻʤóȻ빬Ӣս϶ֻ·һֵҲûС
Ϊ֮ľ̫󣬴κױ޷ֲľء
㣬ԩ޳𣬺αطǵҪֳһ￩Цϲ˺ۣа
ӢҲùŮ˵Ϊ࣬ǻõƷ۷壬ֶҲ޼ֻкĵ;ƿʱֳܷʤ
Ӣ˱ɲ˸ɣ˺ǣһҪأսͬһͷĸӣܲң˻ˣùͷۡ
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Ҷ˼æɢӣĺƻͷе㣬бСȹҲӾߢ
￩һЦһ㣬ȹԶ£һȹһ޴Ĳĺȥ
ĺƾһæߡ
Ӣɫںɱ¥ײȥݺݵ
ͷЦαر̫
һ˿ͶȹԶϣԶƮߣֱҶȥЦҶʦߣ˼һûгʦ弶ζأ
Ҷһ䣬æͷ񱼣һ£ǧ׾룬سɴ磬ͬһƥ񱼶ȥ
Ӳ˵ģԹԵˣʦֶŮˣ￩ЦͣңңҶץȥָԪӿͬӿҶȥ
Ҷæ·׹䣬㿪ɱ̤ʵأԶ쭶ȥͷŭֶŮЦˣֶŮĸԸˣϧҴ˼ʮ꣬ǴＶţ
˵ţ
ŭЦɱڣ϶׷ԽԽ
Ůޱ˵ϣ֮ŭŭЦСӣ׽ס֮һٽŪ
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Ӳˡ
Ҷæ¥еղأֻһѩ׵ĳƯ¥һ㣬΢΢һԵ͸ı֮
Ե˽ʱ˵֪֮ľôֻ֪һױȵٶȣųƵױɣֻһױɲܲȱ
Ҷ޸ϣ֮ױ㽫«п׻һᡣ
֮Ҳûжù֮ȴΪΪ㣬ױ
˿ΣҶ˲ϸ룬ȡױԺ˱һԽйע뵽֮֮С
֮һԹ½ʱ죬һëƯ·һ㣬ë𶯲ͣɢһɺ嫵ܡ
ų৵һչƯҶߣʮ׳̡
ףСӣʲô
۾һ˲סҶ˿ת֮ȥ
˿δ֮ԱߣͻȻֻһ죬ֳ򣬶ȻҶƳգֻһ̣գۼɵʮ⣬ۼԲ׽
ﾪ첻̧ͷȥֻǰʮһɽסųȥ·ȴųӲײһ󶴣
һæ׷ȥСӵһʹִٶȵױûϤױܣԶײɽȥֻ´˿ѾˣױٶǾˣУɱԽӦ֣
䣡䣡䣡
̴֮ʮɽҡҡλΣƺʱܴӰе䡣
׷ҶȥֻЩɽһʮǱ֮͸ǰ͸и𾪣СӵȻ֮ǿûСȴôǿᣬɲһһζ˼Һ޲̾ͰƵһ
Ҷʮֳֻ򽥽ȶͻȻһ񣬳ʧʣ
Ƭ̣вŴһ죬һԲİɫƮɢ
Ｘһ˲ͻϣԱҪ첻֪ٱٶʧ
￴Ŀ࣬˵ҪѰҶټֻڤ죬޼Ѱ棬Ӣ׷ɱæߣӢӲƴ
ų򣬾ʲôôû˵ٶȵױ֡
ҶԦ֮һ·쭣һʱ䲻ɳǧã֮ϣֻȣ̺岨޼ʡ
֮ں棬ɫЩ԰ס
һβױٶȿóױƵױһÿһױž˵ٶȣٶ໥ۼӣʱ޷ƣײڴɽ֮ϣײ÷飡
¥ԴԴϴ޸ƣֻʱҲûС
ң֮Ԫļ󣬷ɳǧأ㽫ԪӻһգС
ѹԴ˵֮ٶȣ֮κεطȥá͸ңǸ顣ڻȪħվ˸ţ㽫ӹиͬԪ̥Ԫ񣬳ɾ
Ҷϥ£üĴ򿪣ǶͼüԾͼչǣһ޸ˣһ߻ָΪ
¥ͷųͷõѪս죬վ߻
ʵ̫أһû˱ĻʱΣա
죬ͻȻһһ˸ǹ͵һ뺣£ʱӺһֻʮ׵Ļ裬ǺЦϵȵĻʣ
ֻѾﵽڣ׷µӺǱδӽ㱻һǹ
Żʬ壬ַҶ¥֮У˿Ҷ¥Ѿɳ¥ߴʮףںϣӲӣеǱںףе򸡳ˮ棬׷׹
÷۵һͷܣθڴ󿪣һֻСɽС败֣ǺЦ
ҶΪ⣬ˡЩֶҰɢޣϵͳԶĶ֣ܴүʥսǿѪս֣ԺɨһƬ


227 췴
°ӿһֻֻԶԶǹԼһ¥׷ӿǧٹ֣еĺһ㣬ȴ˫ᣬ㣬źУ졣
еȴǴϺɾͷֻǣͬɫޣ˫һԴŰȣɫס
ҲеĴǺɾò׶񣬱ѷɫ١
кߡ裬֣ʹõױҲͬеֱԼϵĳλƳɱеǲ֪ŪĿĥɱҲеֱӽɺɱ
ЩӵߴᵽѪζʳָ󶯣úܺҶθ
˷ˣ˵дǶͼѹ粨ƽϢҲˣֻƾױ
Ѫս죬һ˴ǹʹԭǾҶӲƴٲȻһʦһ˸ǹʹǧ򻯣ͬһԱͽ
ͷʥҲһֽսĹ˿̸ߴףеѪս쳤߰ɣûмֻ֧Ŷٻغϣͳͳһǹױǹ֮ϡ
ܴɱ䣬ĥʥʵȻԴԴϱ֮Уͬһɱ
ҶŲʣˣƲ޴󰭣ҪΪ֮ɸɾ뾡ָΪ
ΪȻֻһڣΪޱ񣬱ȻԪڵʿҲѷɫҪָȫʢʱڣҲһ׵飬ҲҪʱ䡣
֮ٶ죬̫Ժֻʱʹá
Ҷ۾չ壬ҹָֻ˰˳ɵΪ
һֻɾĴ㽻սѾΣǼΪӴͬһŷںϣֱ۸һױǹ֣ܲ͸硣
ͷֻīɫ۾˶ռݴʱſһɹɺ̣ֲ嶫
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ֻڽĳɹڲϼûг죬ЩĴҷɵĲϱֻϽǰĲѣ˿ƿǳ
Щĳû˼ʲôԣЩʬ壬Ҳǿһգвٽ˵صСϣŵϵУ
֪ޱȸӲҶҲ޷ҧСĥĥȥðһƬƬǡ
Ⱥĳ߽ٶֻͬȳһ㣬¥һռɨһ飬̣˲֪ҩ
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Ҷ־ŭͻȻһֻĳϷſڽ£漴˷ߣ˵ķϣһľ׮ҧȥ
ˣˣЩС췴ɣүռôĲϣǳԵһ룡
Ҷ𣬾ٲ¥ȥ׼Խٵһռ䣬Щĳϡ
ոս¥ʱЩĳϷ֣붪ڿɵĶǵذ

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ҶһԺ󹦵½𣬺һԲһֻȥִֻһζ̴ֻֻͷԣͣڿС
ҶǧƱƯͷֻ汦΢΢ζ㽫ֻĳ֮С
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編ƣ˶ٶֻϣ½ֶʱˮһ룬
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Ĺ½һգжֻţĳϸ׷͸ϡ
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ҶΣͷƳſڴ󶦣ѹڿУǧƵϹ޳ɷ裬ǧ裬ɢޱȿֲϢ
ЩϹ֣ɢϢԽ󲿷ֵסҶ֪Щĳϸǣе޷ȥסС
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ĲƸҲû⣬ͷԼƵױҲϳԵ˼
Щ̰ԹϲұҪˡ
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˶٣ЦҶүܷСܰ˴Сܹʹһ˸ǹܾò֡
ҶһۣŭѪս죬֮ܶϣ棬һ˸ǹû̼ױܣ
СֻϲֳִĴǹΨΨŵŵСֹ
Ҷħ࣬ڲ֪ɸںδûɱ䣬һЩ£˱һЩ磡


228 Ԫ֮
뵽Ҷ񵱼ǧƱ΢΢ٶֻĳϷɳͬһƣֽ֨֨У׷뺣ˮ֮С
ЩˮҲԷУٶȼ졣
ҶЩϵ۾ȥֻµ½룬Ϊأ½ϴΪͬʱʱвιеļΪ˳еȴ
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ԾһЩٰԼĲƸ¥һ㣬Ǵڵڶռ֮С
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ҶΪϲ˱ֵΣؼǺеĲƸʤջĲϣһֱڲͣٶȥָɹۣǰҪУ
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֣ҵĽϣ
Ҷŭ΢ǧƱ˱зɳУ΢΢ζʱеĽϳ棬˷УͶ뵽֮С
ҶĿɨӣֻǰʮĺϣӿתݺῪأΪҫۡ
ɽȥֻʮʿΧһʿɱ漫ҡ
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веڵǿߣһڴ󶦣ниѩһƬͨĵʿȻͬ
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ʿָݣͬһͣԼֳ࣬һ;޴Ӱͷ˱ۣݳŭ֮״ҧгݣָֻץסһױơľ㡢塢ġӡ⡢顢
ݳªɫӰӦ׷ǿᣬױĽ飬˵ױҲ״顣
ƵĽ̴׷ķʿ壬ֻЩ׷飬ͬײޱȼ̵ͭǽ֮ϣֻʿϷҷɣ漴ָԭ״
壬ޱȸӲҶҪʤ֪٣
Ҷһڵǿߣ𵤶ʿ붦У㽫ӲȴֿȭӲ÷飬
ȻҲǿƥһǿߵĵҲ޿κΣ
תԪ
ҶǾתԪұԪߣӦǵڶķ
ڵΪɨһƬΪԶʿһĻҶǺεϤ
Ҳ̾תԪ¿ϣɱķ
ɫԪô˵ѾתԪڶ˵תҶĿΪ棬תԪڶķתҪԪӦޱȿֲ֪ʿβһ磡
ҲһֿԿΪķˣǸУͬѰʿ
ʿܱڽ֮УȴͥŲЦẽɵλʦ֣ħֶҲˣûֶΣСֻͳͳ·ˣ
ẽɵһλûŭЦ޼ôΪСʥصĵӣеôɣ۸ẽСɣҲ¶Сʥص棡
һẽɵĳɫŭẽСʥԩ޳𣬴ҶǸɸΪʲôƽ޹Ҫɱҵӣ
ẽǴƾڵһСɣûм̼ױ˴νλϴŵɽ׼ȥɸ֪ȴ޼ôһԲʹɱ֣ɱӡ
ẽɵʿŭ֮£Ų½󣬽ס
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Ľ⣬һẽɵʿߣһƽԪڵĸͷ飬¥򱬣ӲԷ
ŭԾԴ뽣һɶ೤Ĵľ㣬һʿԴ飬漴飬סһẽɵӵĲӣӲ
ŭζ壬࣬һʿöᣬ£飡
ɱˣ뽣֮أɱɱẽɵڵĸҲ޿κΣ
תԪĥǿޱȣһ̼ױͨױ޷
׷дŭҲСʥصĴѧתԪϣ׷뵽޼ô֮Уŭ
ẽ˷׷׺˶ܣң޷ס
ղŵֻĳϣӦ嶾̵ʿĹƳգ
޼ôЦȻƾƳҲ͵ϮңǱͳͳɱˣɼħһɢɳ嶾˵ĹƳ汻ɱˣҲΪǳͷ
ԭɱҵĳϡ
ͻȻһ̲޼ôѭȥֻһվڰ֮УޱĿ


229 Ԫײ
һδڵʿһǹĵӣ
޼ôҶͷĴǶͼ΢΢һ¶֮ɫ֪ǹħʮңǹأΪƣһʿΪ
ǹĵӣΪôûнڣңôʹ嶾̵ֶΣƳ棿
޼ô΢Цƶ
ɽʱʦų˵ͬͣǹĵӿƾΪѹһж֣
СʥصĵӣʤԪǿᣬƥͬ޵УʤǿڱԺɨڣʱ޳Ԫǿ߶
ɵĹǿ֣֮ǵľѧ
ûг׽ڵǹӣСʥǰһֵԶ֣
Ҷվڸ߿գĿɭȻ΢ЦԵ޹ɱҵĳϣλСʥصʦ֣ѾתԪұԼֻ̡·һ
һڵǹӣ˴Բѣ
޼ôЦãͷ΢΢ζŭƿẽɵĽҶȥ
ֻŭ˱ۣ˲嵽Ҷǰһױȥһʱӹ죬ƴͭľ㳤ɣһ鵱һ˿ת绨һ˿ͬߣ
ˣ
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£Ҷ磬顣
£Ҷؿڣ顣
ɢǧ˿Ѩȥͬڸְ֮ϣ׷ױըֻʣһѱ
һ˿Ҷ񾱲ͻȻһϣһſըɻҡ
Ҷһָе壬ױʱһָ漴ָΪצץסͭӣһһͭмָ⻬䡣
һȭݺڴŭĴ֮ϣڴĴ÷飡

Ҷ֣һӴǶͼзɳУһ̫ӿŭɻҽ
޼ôδӦŭͬƵİ˼ױͳͳҶȥ
̧ͷȥ۾ʱֱˣֻҶıüΪߴֿݣʧתԪôСʥڵľѧ
ҲǾתԪ
ҶЦ̫ᦣΪǹԪϸзɳ̫֮УẽɵֲµĽϿա
·ǧⲼƣͬУ޼ôеġ
ҶͻϿս䣬ͷƮԶԶһǹ£ͬһǣŹ̫𣬰ԵףһѰѷɽײ̫֮ϣһǹ飬ƬҲ̫ճɻҽ
һǹ磬̲⣬ǹҪͬҽǣ޼Ѱ޴ӵֵգۼ̵޼ôǰ
Ԫǽɫģ㻹ûתԪڶȴڶתҸҪֻҪһȭ㣡
޼ôЦӭǹһȭȭͷ̫ᦵǹʱһ⣬裬飬ȵ·ӿẽɵɢң֪ٷɽǶ˵ײз飡
޼ôһǹɣأײɢһֱɳſͣ£־ŭ
ɫ΢䣬ͷȥȭͷȻҶһǹƣɼǣ˿һƬڣûѪȴǱֱ̫ӽ˿ڴѪ
˿ĿסҶ֮Ķʱʧǿһǹ˵ԪԶԶʤңֲԪĲ㣬ǸУȫԸ
Ҷֱ۾Ҳ޼ôҪǿᣬȻ¶֮ɫתԪڶתȻǿԶ֮ϣСңҵ̫̼ױԪҲԶǿԪ߶ᦣԪļӳɣϱѷɫ٣
Ԫ׷ױмľӳɣԪԽǿ׷ױԽǿ
Ҷһֱ̫Ԫ񣬿Ԫ⣬˿ڳЧ
ŭ
޼ôһ𣬴ŭȻǰһ֮УʱڽͣȸղŻҪǿɣ
ϸֳͷ˱۵Ӱͬһ𲻶ӴһӰԴ۹·һʵ
ҶԶԶ棬ԼǾоתԪĸ֣ͨǧ׷Ŀ⽫޼ôɨһ飬ž·
ԪΪ׷ӳôǺʵõһ׷ʵսɡ
޼ôд󶨣ͻȻ챦ɳ˼ױǷľ㡢ӡġȴǰ˲֪٣ֳĪܡ
̼ܲױЩӦһףҲ̼ıﲢѷɫ
޼ô˫ָһʣӰһֱۣʱչƣԶԶȥֱֻ۸һ·ɣͬӣϲǵصǱ⣡
λǹʦܣתԪԼΪΪԪ磬ԶԶѷɫ
޼ôЦĿɭȻ㻹ҽƹĵһ֣ҵУԺˣ
ͬʱĲⱦȻϢҶͷ֮УͻȻһΡΡɽҶͷѹ£
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ΡΡɽХ£ƵԴϢһẽɵĻԪڵӣɽı߽ɨҲûһ㱻ѹ÷ǣ
ҶվԭزΡΡɽ£ĴǶͼչַԲʮɽԵͼ֮Уǳһʱ촷ۣ
СӣôôѹǹԺСʥ
޼ô۾ɵùԲһɽױҶݻ٣вȻ
Ȼ嵽Ҷǰʮ״ıҶӸߴֱ𶯣ƺ¡һ£ȻŹ
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Ҷͫ׽һǹ̳Ӳƴһǣ˶ѪӿվΡ
޼ôһջؽƣһ־ľȥЦԪǿΣɣΪԶȫӲ㣡
ẽɵվԶսս쳣ңиԺȻ֪޼ôڶԸǵĽ֮ʱûжȫֻèϷӶѡ
λڵĳ϶һۣһλ͵͵ͷŵϿգ㽫ͳͳ붦У֮ˡ
֪ڵδ£ͻȻֻҶͷ¥һͷܷɳһƴ죬һ㽫ڵЦǺǵķ¥֮С
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ҵĶᣬе
Ҷẽɵ͵ϮΪ⣬̫ᦵɴǹʹãʽǧ򻯣Ĺƾ£ĵƴģˡԴǶʹû¹ƴͽ˷ѾǾսΪĺƾС
ʹ죡ʹ죡
޼ôɱ𣬴ЦԴɽһĶ֣սŽʹ죡
Ҷ񲻽üȻΪҺƾˡ


230 һѹ
Ҷϸ˼ž޼ôԶĻҪ֣ѲϾûζԸһԼ
ҵױУǿǴӵƬֻӱϾƬûĴӵܡƬԸˣǵڵʿԵֵԸתԪǿߣЩμ穡
ӵƬֻƬ޷˼ҶӲƬ޼ôͬʱҲṥԼʱȻܾ˵Ľ֣пԼˣ޼ôҲδػᱻˣ
Ͼ޼ôľתԪҪҶ࣬Ҳǿᣡ
ǧƱɱֻ֮ĳϹ޴ӵֵ
Ҷһ޼ôսֹһϸϸ˼ǹһ㽫ˣĵĳ϶Ըпɣֻ¸ҧǧƱԸҲУǶϣϧֻûнɡ«û׻ûȵҵ̫ᦡ
籦Ҳ񶨣籦ȵܣҪǷɷͷ깥Ƶ籦ȣɷŨ⣬ױء
Ҷ񵱳ĴĮʱ÷ɷתԪ޼ôԪߣɼ籦ȵķɷҲ޿κΣ޶㹻Ϊ籦ȵܳ׷ӡ
Ҷ񲻽ͷ޼ôһҲͭ㶹Сǿһ
ֱ񣬲֪ʿԸԼʱжô⣬ֻ˿̵뷨һζԸ򲻻
תԪʵ̫̬ˣ˹Ǿ׷ûжٿ֮Ȼˣֻѹˣ
Ҷ΢΢ͷһڿڴ󶦷ɳɢƺӵһֻصƻһֻֻϹ޸֣ͬת޼ôѹȥ
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ãڴ󶦣ؾѹ׵׷ˣҪѹңԶԶ޼ôʽ󿪴ϣҶ飬ҶԴȥ
Ҷһǹɣ漴סµĽƣ壬޼ô𶯱壬ֱӡֶԸԪСʿӦ֣Ԫ⣬Ԫȹޱȣǵܶҡ
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һڴ󶦷ɳ޼ôͷѹȥ񱩵ʱŵ׷ôŭ΢΢ζ׷ôʹ
޼ô΢΢ü¶֮ɫЦȻмʵֵ
δ䣬һڿڴ󶦴ҶͷĽɫ֮зɳŶһͬʱѹ
ֻࣵһĴŭѹ÷飬еױͳͳ䣬׷;תԪһʹɣŶѹ£ܺƴֱӽԭΣ
޼ô־ŭΪҶֶβˣȴû뵽ҶȻʹ˰Եһ׷ֱĴŭơѹ׷Ҳ޷ʹ
û˴ŭļӳ֣ľתԪᱻԭΣҶơ
ŭȻСʥصľ׷ҲΪôܻᱻѹŶѵļҵľŶ׻ʾ
Ҷǹչʱʱ𣬴ȵ̫ѵ޼ôϸ룬æƴֵľתԪҲЩסǸȥĴǹҪΣա

Ҷ̳ͬ꣬ʮǹڹķ޼ôϣһϸСѪͬһС
΢΢üղһǹ޼ôȭͷŸ߿ƣȫԸŴ޼ôڽսûƵĻᣬܸ޼ôɵ˺ޡ
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޼ôֻأ޼ɵЦҵ֮ǿ̼ױκεң
ô
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ҪҪ֮ˣ֮ʵ̫ķԪԿƣȻҪһʱ䣬ָܻԪ
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ŶϲһɢƸӺƴ󣬻أԶȾŶʱǿʮ˾塣
Զẽɵʿ֪˱ڴѹΪʿͷϨ𣬻Ԫʿͷֹͣѹڣһ½ӰӰеȥ
ףһֻֻҲѹΪ͵ģֱӱ
ࣣ
޼ôͷ£Ҳѹһ飬ھҪߣһڴ󶦺ݺײĺģɡ
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ס֣ˣ޼ôͷɢײѵļǱе
ҶţǶͼסڴҲͼ֮УǶײ
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ҶЦʦ֣ɵʱԷһҪòãСãȻŹˡ
ͻȻһڴֱӽ޼ôסİֻϹֵڶڸ֣һſͼ
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ҶЦһԼ¥ֱڴϿգʱ¥зɳһ˲㽫ɡ
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е̫ᦺķ𣬾ƯǿڴϿգһŶ̫£󶦿ռ䡣
ˣȻ̫ңҲ⣡Ԫתƣ޼ôףһȭһȭ򶦱ںȥԿɽѺ
𶯲ݣЩѡ
ֻǴѣΪǡҶƬ̣ɢȥڴ󶦣΢ǶͼСûüģẽɵʿȥ
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ͻȻһֱ۴ü̽޼ôĺ˵ѹסңҾͰͼ˺飬ʶԪ֮
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Ҷ΢ֱӽ¥ץֻͷԽԽСȴǱǶͼ֮УźֱΪֹ
ͷпһۣһѪս죬ǺЦҶүտôʱܷСһڣ


231 ߸
Ҷߵẽǰ˿û˾ŶѹЩΪָۼһĿҶ
ղҶ޼ôսһǿþĶǣ˶澳ڸΪֿɽͨͨĵʿҲ޷쵽ֱֻεϹޣֲ
еλẽɵĳϣղǳҶ޼ôս𵤶㽫һ򾡣˿̼Ҷи
֪ɸô𣿡Ҷʵ
˰Σһʿֱָ̧ۣϷ
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Ҷ̧Ϸȥẽɵĳϼ˵ŵӵλֵܣǿڵܷ񻹸ҡ
Ҷͷ俴һۣλϲս˵
һʿϣΪʲôҪʵѹǸ޼ôô˻ᡭ
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ˣһʵСڵ֮У˵ĵһڱ޼ô飬һڱߣ˿ħҲЩԵֵ
ħԽԽͣҶһۣӲƬﳤȥɵôˣҵĹ£һ־
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ħͷħͷɱ˾Ȼ˵ǹ£ֹ£
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ڵΪܺɨǣֻҴƵ߸еʿֶָΡ
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ԭǳǰҶȻ
︮ǴƹڶħңʷƾãԴԶƿʵսҽŮ޸̫ڻʵۣǴƾƵ֮һλԺա
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Ҷһ֣ٱҶǫѷ
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ȻûҶͷкߵŮЦȸҶ塣
Ůǳ︮ӵܣʹʮ꣬СŮҲʮ꣬˼ҶᣬЩ̫ԸǰګګҶ塭
СǸŮгȸ޹Ž𻷣΢΢һ𻷱죬Ȼĸ۰߶
ŮĹĵĵҶͷСͷ
æһۣЦҶϵܲҪ֣ҼҸŮ׹߻ˡ
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ȸᣬֻګګҶһ塣
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ҶȻ̫ڻʵҲһӵ۲ŴԵİȻһ֮Ӵһ
ҳ︮вҪ߸ϧޣÿһ궼һҳ︮˲űв˳߸죬Ϊ͢Ч
ЦҶϵȤҲԼ߸߸ɣħֻҪʳڣӵ㹻ǿʵԼ롣
ҶҡͷЦĿǰʵ߸ȴҲԣʦŵŹɭϣ̫࣬һɢˣʱû뷨
ţȸͷ
Ҷ֣̽ŮԴȸԣ֣˺ɸǡ
ȸ֣۷裬ЩߣСȭͷͷĴת̧Һը
סЦĵȸһ޷죬Ҷϵȴһ㣬ԱҲãĴǻ
ͻȻָǰЦҶϵܣǰﴦǺɸϵȤһĴתת


232 Ϸ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻɽ£ֻ̫Զ
Ҳǵһɸ󣬴ǰҲδطɸеһһ֪ܹгʶ;·ȻǺãЦСܲҲӡ
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һҵŮгʦ檣ȳȸ࣬ľЦҶ壬ǮƲܿڣҳ︮ȻǴ󸻴֮ң㹺һЩʯõóֵġ
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ʵʼʵֹ֮ͣս֮·һԭ򣬱Ȫħڵսʱܵشһֱ޷ȬϢġ
ʼʵ۵ӣһҵ󹬣սʱĹ
ʦ檻һţ󺺻ʳİսķսǹλΪޱȸۣԶԶǹһۣ㱻ǹ֪Ѷˡ
Ҷллʦ檹ǮƲ㣬һ󡣡
ʦæЦ֮͡
ȸһֹۣСûǮˣŽ㡭
ɸЦװûҶѿܵϵܣɸߴ̵ɣֱ׵Էħˣ̵Լˡÿһˣм·߸ʿҲҪǰѡϡ̵ĵӣżҲг֣ǳԪžʯ
ǹĵҲгֹҶк֡
ǹޱأҶ֪УΪǹĵӶǲʳ˼̻ģû뵽Ҳ׼ߣһ
ʦЦҼԷÿȥɸ󣬶ȥԷԷǸŮǿˣ˵뺮¹ЩҶ壬ҪǳԪžʯֱ࣬ӵԷ򡣡
Ҷͷǡ
˲ãһɸҶϸŻȻֻνĺɸԭһƬϹż
Ϲʱԭ½أؼ䷢ʣ½سɹ޼ʵĴ󺣣ںɸĵƽϸߣ¶棬лһųǣߴ˽һ׵г
ųȺɽ֮䣬Ѿ˷ޣ¡
̼Ļ߸߼ױ֧ı磬״ͬʶĿӦþǳɿеߴˡ
Ҷվںɸ֮⣬ͻȻʵɸ֮УԶô
΢΢һЦȻСߴΪά׵ִѲߣñ˽ɸ򡣡
Ҷ΢΢ͷЦһҪԵƬ̲ܽɸ󡣡
ƣѵڴ˵ʲôңǹӵĳңһˣ֪ҳܷ񿸵סΪһǹӣһǿУǷֵá
Ҷɫ۵ףʱĵģ͵ϸ֪С·żһСʥصĵӣסѹƤСѾҹٹƬ̣ܽȻɸвɱˣôСֻõһٽȥ
˿ЦԭѾҶϵѹˡʲôСʥڵĵӣ
۾ɵùԲһСʥڵĵӣȻϵѹˣ
ͷ𶯣ֻš
СʥڣʢĴɣڶüԹƣÿһСʥ߳ĵӣ֮ͬڣ޵еĴڣ¿ϣʤǿ
дŴСʥڵĵӣŶʮС磬ҲܽԷնɱֱǱ̬һĴڣ
ע⵽ҶΪûгڣΪʿڳ︮УûһǧҲа˰٣Ҷǹĵӣᡣ
Ϊ϶Ҷǹĵӣǰڨٰ£Ҷ˵ѹһСʥڵĵӣɻֻš
ҶϵܣѵͲСʥڱ
˵ͻȻԼһͣĵǹĵӣȻСʥڱ
ȸһɵӣ֪СʥھʲôɣжЦѹһСɵĵӣʲô˲ģҹûнԷǶˣ
ЦҶ壬Ϊ̫ˣң϶ԷһƱˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦĿר־޼ô
ȸƲƲ죬Ҫ˵ͻȻֻҶüֹǣ¡һƺʲôƴһɺ嫿ҰϢѹ޷Ϣ
ɺʦ檵ҲϢвȻ
Ҳù
ҶüдһŭͻȻһ˫Ӳü̽˫Ѿֻʣɭɭ׹ǣ񣬹ܹתȻ˫ֵˣѾԪľأޱȸӲȫ̼ױ
ţ˫ֵˣ·סӲҶüġ
Ƭ̣Ҷ۾΢ЦҲ㽫ˡ
ȸ޼ôǰɢϢѹƵɫ԰ף£ҶĿ⣬˾ηͿ־塣
Ҷü֮УͻȻɳһŽͷǣ䵽ȸУĿͣ΢ЦֶŮûʲôöͷСʥصĵӵŹǣ͸񡣡
ȸŵüæͷǶԶԶأڳʦ檵ĹĵĵҶ񣬽еϿߣ
ҶһУǿͷԶģ̾Ϣöͷǣ̫Ҳ޷ĲҪ
Ҫȸ޵ҧгݣŭ
̫ϧˣöͷԼӼȫԳΪһ̼ױ
Ҷ̾ϢһͷãԸԳ޼ôõ޼ôղأбоתԪڶķЦȻ㲻ҪֻԼš˵գЦϸ磬ǽǰɡ
ֻһֱֲۣҶҪ޼ôͷǣֻǰ·ȸ˿ɫѯߵŮʦ檽㣬öͷǣôܹ̼ױ
ʦҶתһȦЦȷԡħķ֮ϣħױ׹Ĵ޼᲻ݣ
ȸ֣͵͵Ҷֲ˼Ҫһ󻼵ûʧ
ɸֻų֣ȴ޸ᣬҪ֪ٱ
ҶֱԷȥˣҶ̧ͷȥֻԷױΪ꣬㣬ȴһ㱦״ױ
߽һ㣬ֻ治ȴΪֻĿű࣬ӡˮ֮УŮڹ̨䴩ƮȻȥкˡ
ҶϵܣֻͨĻһ㵵εױ϶ѣȥ漸㡣Ц


233 ȹŮ
Ҷ;ֻԷ沼õüΪûʣΪףʯΪԪžʯΪȺǣ޵㣬һ㱡תͬɾ൱ݻ
Էĵһ㣬ʮﳤ֪жױϱڷųע⵽˵ؾȻͼۡ
֮Увٸ䣬Է޸̼ңڷŵĻҲǧٹ֣Էֻȡ
Էרų۵ҩĵ̣Ĵҩ㣬Ǻ嶾̾ȻҲڴ˵һ̨޻Ļרų۵ĵ̣ɫɫĵö֮İڷų
һıȷʵ糤˵ֻͨױϣıȷѾС
Էܹγ˴ĹģǸŮˣܲ
ĲƸ˾ˣһĴɻҪУѵͲҶ֮࣬ơ
ЦߴˣдԷ˵֮еĺ¹Ҵƻұ˭޳Ԫ׵֣ںɸУҲƲ˻Ҷϵܣ롣
Ҷ볤ҵļ˵ϵڶ㣬ڶ۵Ļȵһȴ࣬ⱦλۣױࡣвΪƯı£ֿʽӱԼƳɱĸɫͷΣװϵСڴ˵ЩŮʿŮ߻а档
ҶûֱͣӵԷ㡣
һ㣬Ҷһݣ֮ɢһɹɱ֮Ļֻ꣬˵صױ࣬ߣв̼ױֻ࣬Ҳʮ
Ҳûڴ˵ͣϵĲ㣬ЦҶϵܣıãϾǳεױԼƵĵӦ֡ҳ︮Ĵ壬һ㶼ǵĲ㣬ѡϣԼơ
ҶոսĲ㣬ֻ˵ûκαڲ죬һٸӭǰЦԭǳ︮Ĺܹ͡Ҫʲô
ҼѾΪ߸ʿҪһ̼ױ˴ǰΪѡЩϡ嵥
΢΢һЦһ嵥һЩϣȻǴ˵صĳͣλٸ졣
λٸӹһۣ֣ʧǧֲϣСҪƵױܲСء
ȸɫЦ̼ױҲŵ֣֮Ҹ統ȻҪõġ
ԭСȸǧֲƶɵ̼ױõģֻǿеȰˡ
ῴһۣЦ漴һŮ嵥̱λƲԺƬ̣ԷԵ
Ҷ߽һңдΪ裬Цܹѵһˣסλʦ檰ɣȻóˣҼ
ʦ΢ЦһЦֵҡ
ῩЦҿɲǵҵģֻǸԷСƹˡĿҶϣλĺܣ֪ǹλӣ
æЦλҶҶٱҶϵܿɲҳ︮ĵӣ꽻˴Ҳϡ
ɫһЦԭҲλ͡ҶСҪʲô
Ҷ˿ȸͻȻЦǹô
ǹ
˴ֻȸСͨ죬צͬһֻŭСèǳʦסֻ˵Ҷץҧˡ
ݸ֪ҶڶСѾͷġ
ҶЦ΢¥зɳһ龫ͭڻڿ̳һűּֽֽͭϣգۼв֪ٲƿ¼
СҪĻʹû˶Ĳϣ
ӹֽͭЦԷȻˣЩϻеġ
ϸۿɫأ棬ʱͷ顣
ԭҶֻǻδµʿЩΪ⣬һ̼ͨױ֪ĲƣЩҲδ֪Լղſ˺ڡ
̧ͷЦҶԭǸͻʲŵˡֻԷĲСƹȨôһ⣬빫Ʋ㡣
ͣЦЩϣʵǧ֣Էֻδ㹻ĴҪȥ˽һЩӲ鷳ҲһҼѡ
ҶԷȥЦһ²Ǿֹˡ
ɵæϣɫɲ︮СƵױҪǧֲϣѾǼΪıû뵽ҶĲϣȳ߻Ҫ˲֪ٱ
Էк¹ڱ󣬾Ȼǧֲϲ㣬治֪Ҫʲô춯صױ
֣ҶױĲϼֻ֣࣬ͷСߵױ˼
ԷдĴͻ֮أôǵһлᵽʶʶа
ʦɫ΢䣬㷲ĵ⣬ҸղŻ˵ǮƲ㣬ҳҿ԰渶˶ıֻ¼ҳǴƵĻ׹ݣҲҪҹˡ
Է㣬Ҷ̧ͷȥֻտյֻһ˿ߵȹŮϥ
ŮͷƯٸ̣ÿһԶһֻֻᲦ̴žž졣
ǰƯһھһֻֻϸ֣ձʣھϷܱʼ顣
ҶдǾȣȹŮȻ˼ˣȻͬʱĽǧԪ֣ٿؼݣҼ˿ңʵ
Ҳһ׷ʵսֶΣ
о˸¶֮ɫȹŮէ·ڼĿʵֲֿĲٿ׷ԪӦã˼㣬ٿ׷ϸ΢
ҶҲ硣
ߵŮߣ˵˼䣬ȡҶ񽻸ֽͭŮĿ
ֽ㣬ЩϣԷȷ㣬Ĳϣȥܼһˣǧֲϲ㡣Ů۾ֽͭĲһ飬
ͷǣ¥ǵѰҲȥˡ
ȹŮͷЩڼ㲻ͣҶΪöЦҶǹʦְɣЩϣӦ׼֮˵ǹʦֵãӦԿСõĶʦ̵˵׼һᣬϾҶʦּ¡
ȻǸŮӣ΢Ц֪ҶʦִͨˣӲͨˣ
Ҷ񲻽֣ЦʲôͨʲôӲͨ
ȹŮЦͨͬȵĲϻױԷںɸǧ꣬ͯŲۣ׬ۡӲͨˡ
ҶЦҶʦҪĲϣĿڶ࣬ᣬ޷룬ԷܴĲϣֻǹҶʦһپʮᦣܹҪһʮһܽ㡣ͨǾһ֣׼޷


234 ǹ
һʮһ
ʦɫ䣬ֻͷĿѣֹҺСȸһˣҲѵ£һǹĵӣôߣ
СÿΪʦִۿۣˡȹŮЦ
Ҷ۸񵹲̫󣬲ֻһپʮᦣ̫ˡ
Ӽ˳ٶ൱ڳҵһĲƸˣȻ˵
һ룬ۣҶۣ
ҶĿʵʵûʲôо
ףĴĮǧɽͼУʮִӻȪħڹǷϵİ׻Уѹǧ޼ô֮Ҳ޼ôУõʮ
ˣжôϧȹŮеͨ˵ĻôΪˡ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̧̣ͷЦλʦãһҪǳԪžʯ֪жٴ
ȹŮͷ̲Ƭ̣࣬Цǰô޽̵ĳɸ˲پʯ׼ͼĿǰеǳԪžʯֻж࣬ߴ˼һֻҲһǧ֮ҶʦǴͻֹ˶ĲϣǧǳԪžʯȫ£Сֻһ
һǧȷ࣬ȫҪˣʦáҶ񵱼
ȹŮĿ¶ɫ´ۣЦû뵽Ҷ־Ȼ˴ֱʣЩʯֻ֮Һɸʱ䣬ûоʯˡ
ҡ嵱Ƭ̣ĲƹкηԸ
ǷֱȥˣǵǳԪžʯͳͳ˵дͻ
ƹæ¥ȥˡ
ҶвҲΪϲĴǶͼǰǰǳԪžʯֻаʮңɵ÷̤ɽ̵ͼ֮󣬹ɶʮС󷨡
ܹһǧǳԪžʯʮС󷨣һ͵Ƕ
һԽĲˣи࣬תԪ޼ɵ֡ȷǺöȻʿͨӲͨѰͳͳԷŹһѹˡ
ãƹ׼ϣǰֲϱ˴¥ȡű࣬ѻɽѳǧСɽͷԷѵⱦֱԷױҲڲסԶԶȥ貶Ŀ
ҶһԼ¥𣬶ʱһСɽĲͳͳԪĴץ¥֮С
漴һ¥еԷȥͬ˵ͻȻ˰ѩɫ˿ۻҡ
ȹŮЩ𣬵һϾƵĿƬЦҶʦ֣Һɸ󼴽ٰ뿨֮Уʦ
ҶϾԪڿƬɨ΢΢һ
ϾƵĿƬȻһױĹ켫ΪӣȻûʲô쾫ɣ޷ƣӦǺɸߴˣʶݵһֱ
ıҲ˳ջҶȣѵǮƣʵǸСĿ΢
ҶջķᣬֵõתԪڶķ㣬볤ɵһ¥ȹŮͣЦᣬʦҪ
뿪Է̾ϢҶϵܣⱲӣǵһμ˶ʲСȸеϵܲҪ֡
ҶЦֶŮһЩСôϣϧԷû
ȸ𣬺ݺݵ
ҶֻûпЦϵܣԷˣǳĴ̼ң빺ȥ棬ЩɢҵС̯λɢޣ۵ƷҲǧٹ֣ʱʱ˰鵱ɴײ˳ۡ
Ҷ˿еĴʯͷѾ£û˶˼ЦȻˣϸ·
׵Уһݰɰ΢΢üǰ׵ƹ񣬲õ׵ߴ֮һһǳԪžʯҲûУߴˣͽĪǣ˽ؾʯ̧۸񣿡
׵ƹͷ亹Ц֪ڲǰԷǰߴ˵ǳԪžʯͳͳȥ˵˴ͻ׵ȷȷʵʵһʯҲûУ
Դ΢΢һɻߴ˵ԪžʯȥʲôôֱʣһԳôľʯʦ㣬ѵǹɽ
վԱߵ䵭Ůգ΢΢ҡͷңɽ˹Щʯ커ɽ󡣡
¶Ц⣬ȻʦܣͼδɣҪľʯʦһ𣬳ɸ󣬱㽫ˡ
ã
ԴЦֻǲ֪˭˾ʯĿ⿴׵Ǹƹ΢΢Ц
ƹͷðĺ飬Ц˵ĹأǲԴ̽͵˽
Դһ׵ǲӪȥˣȻˣСүͰ׵ˣҵҪ׵ҲΪǳͷǹ
ƹȪӿ֪롣
ȴڴʱһЦ׵֮׵ڵĲҵкβҵǹͳͳɱˣǹҷųһƨ
ԴѭȥֻһĿĴ˽ɫһѵСӣ˭
Сƨû˵ʸ񣡡
Ǵ󺺶ԴмһˣգЦ׵ڷ֣ʦ㣡ʦػûм˰ɣСѾ˺ܾˡ
ɫתüѿ¶һۣͬһƬǿգ˸ɱȶ
ԴȻŭɭȻҶ˵
죡
һƶȻɢѹ޷Ϣŭɲʦ㣬ͽһƱˣ׵ڲԸǹ㣬ǲԸΪһСǵҴ֡λǣֻǲԸǲң
Դɫͨ죬˵
ƣƹƵȥ̽̽˭˾ʯʦ㣬ͼҸовʱɱˣȻСδܸɵù㣬׵Сʦܣ׾١
һüıպϡ
΢΢һЦתȥ
Դ̲סʦ㣬һʢˣ
յ׵ڵķ֣ȷʢˣ׵ڵŵӣ׵ڿأû뵽ҲɸߣΪ̫ҿ϶Ҫѵѵ֪֮֮ϣ˵
ԴɫסȭͷȻʦģȸɵ߾ʯˣʯСһ޿ȡʦĺˣ
տһۣɫοѾڣΪٶȣʦ㵱꣬ҲҪѷɫǰ;СҲиŽ֪жţΪԼʸһ½ĳɾͲ󡣡
ųУҶ볤ɵһĴй䣬ͻȻ̧ͷ׵ķȥüͷ΢塣մü۾ʱ΢΢вΪ֡
ѵˣа


235 ſƼ
ҶĿΪǹĵӣ˲ŶмӣҶһֱԼǹȷʵϵҲûС
ʵԼݣȪħڹǷķλǹӻҪҲܵŴ
ͻȻ̧ͷգ¶֮ɫʧҵĸˣ
ҶҲ̧ͷϿտȥֻƥţ㳵ԶԶеȴˣۣͷڣʹӼݳʻɸϿա
Ҷע⵽˿̵Ķƺǲκ˷С
Ϊɲ⣬ǶҵϹ۵ѪͳĻ壬ȴϣϣϵĻ壬Ҫ
ϴĴĮ˵ΪѾĤ̥ڣΪ̥ǿߣΪֻ˾ҵĴˣǿֲÿ£֪Һʱ׷ĸ֡
Ҷ̾һ˲ţһȣȻϣʵˣĽݴߡȻ붫ϵҴ˵ȣ֮
ֻļңȶҲҪѷɫ
ԴԶȻҵĴ˼٣ÿδӶʼ߳ˣ˲
̾ϧ˽ܣӴػʵ۵ĵǲΪҴЧ
ȸ볤ʦŮңң򶫻Ŀ룬Ȼķ۷Ҳֻվڵңңɼ
ͻȻһĵЦӣ˯һūⱲӾֵˣ
ҵŮȻŭ׷ѭȥֻһű¶ŮվڲԶ޵ͷ촽ǷŵԳЦɲ
ȸŮŭĿӡ
ѭЦƯСŮҼ
Ŀڳʦϣ۾һĿ紺ˮǾǳҵ˫歽ûգȻͤͤһܿɿڵӣūҴĵ޲õͰͳͳˡ
ɼæŮǰĿߵǻȪʥڵĹ㣬Ϸɲ¡
׷ԲԵүү
۾һЦϹͷһһζ
ɱҭжɵ֣ȴ̧֣ҶͷҶ첲ϲȥЦҶ壬ūҺңѵٴ㣬ѰƧūսٻغϣ
ҶгԲˣڣ֣
о˸СҧҧȥɵҶĸ첲ϣ֣Цū֣ϴһߣūǿˣ˼һ֣Ҫһ
ȸ̬ΪǣĹĵ
ҵСãҲȤһЦû֦Ҳ嶶ѳҵλӵܵĿΪ⡣
һֳа⣺Ҷϵŵӣô빬һ𣬿죬ѵ⣬С
Ҷƣںɸֵطֲ֣ܶ㶯֣ҲԹ޿κΣ˵ᱻŮһзŵ͵زɲֻԼϡ
ȿȣӢϿ
һۣŮζʮ㣬úĵ壬ʱȻŮˣūĶˡ
Ҷͷ綷ȴڴʱɸϿһɾҵĲֻһƬԲƴӱХзһվͷϣƮƮ۳Ҷ
ɸϿգֻſһԲĺƶʱ̳С
ʼҵСϵĳô
ͣڿУ򶫻죺ʼԺգ֮߳ŵĶеţĳ붫ϵܽһʶһǶʼҵֶΣ
Ŀ¶ɫȪʥڵ๫๫ӣͷʢ˾˵ǻȪʥڵĺ֮㣬Ŵսظ֣սսΪΪѸ٣гλʦֵͷ
ӱϻ£ȻһۣĿɾӸ£ҡͷ㲻С򡢵Ԫսңǻࡣ
๫Цץħۣһսꪣңңָ򶫻ʦ֡ʦ֣̤׵̤ʯһὫͳͳڽ£
ϴλȪħڴɽʱյĵ๫Ҷ̧ͷȥֻ๫Ͷ㣬޲һĵİۡ
Ŀ๫ͻȻԹ̾Ϣ䣬ʥڵķ˽֮һȻ磬ǧϧֻһʸ˽
ҶһۣŮͻȻЩ־ȻǱ๫ѧķˡ
๫ΪȷֲȹŻҪʮ꣬ΪȴԶԶ׿
У๫ȷʵ࣬һԭȴһõǻȪʥڵ洫ȻҲʥڵӣȴ̫ϳɺһȻӵмΪĴУһĴиûпɱԡ
дһֻ̾ҲǻȪħйͬ뷨
ɸ֮ͻȻִɿֲϢֻһɸϿ̾һţվͷǹңң붫๫˶ƣѵħ㣬߸Ҳ̲סģλֽ
׵ڷ֣λ
һӰ𣬹ЦʲôӣȻôĲſ̲סɱ󶯣޲ýͳͳˣ
׵УһɹɿֲڻͬɽţȴһѹȸС
һۣĿɨȥƺܴ͸׵ֱеŮӣȻһЦԭǹĵڳ
չ壬л΢ЦҲſУһȺ
ЦһȻһϰɡ
嵭ȴһȻĸо·๫ˣȷһȺֵһһ֡
Ľ๫İĺֵײУյޣͳͳڲסĹʡ
๫жŭսꪣɭȻɸֹ֣ȥĹ˺򡣶С㲻ң㲻Ҫˣ
һ˺ȥԦ󣬷ִЦ׷棬һǹ׵һͯХߡ
֮αЩçһʶһǣסţ򶫻
һЦҶʼңЦ˵գһɸȥ
Ĳһ£·һɽڿУÿռҶ
һγһֻ޴ڣչ裬Ȼɴ̫ɣӲӣֲޱȣյ÷¡¡ıը
Ŀ˸֣Ц⼸˾ǽһɫĸ֣ŶԾѵһȸˣХɳɸ򶫻׷ȥ
ͬ뷨˾ֻɸһӰ𣬿жʱֳ⣬֪˼ԦױЩڰ̯ʿҲ̯һ׷ȥ


236 ħڴʦ
գգ۾סҶĸ첲ԳЦҶ壬ѵ㲻ȥ
Ҷʵʵȥ
Ц뿪ɸĻֻ̾ͻᱻСƤͷһˡ
ȥȥﱧסĸ첲ػζ
ȥ˵ġҶʯҡ
˵ϣһֻצ㣬ֽŲãסŪĶǣһȥ࡭ūʲôūҾʲôʲô㡭̫֡
Ҷ̬ľȻԼϣеǰȥҡͷȥ
βҲ޿κΣֻôŭСӣ㵽Ҫſȥ
ҶţĴֻɸ˴룬Ŷ๫ڹ˺һϸ£ӵǰȥֻʣΪʿڽֱ̯߰ҲЩӡ
ȷ๫֡ǵļɡɫĵӣʢ죬ǹĵӣҲڴˣɫˣƽѵһѼǳ֡
˴ΣЩֻ֮һ˲ġ
ҶԼҲ޲˫ᣬɹȥսֻйڣҲֻܰס˼
Сӣ㵽򣿡һλ̯Ҷվ̯λǰȴʼղڣŭ
ҶعǸȻһЦ漴̯λȥֻʿԼ̯λϰڷŵȴһЩƵױãʱ򻵵ıǷõ̫ԶױԼá
ûʲôöһá￴һۣмһ˵
ҶҲûзʲô뿪ĵ˵ܴЩɢҵ̯λԵǸЦЩ۱ʿĸǾƹб϶Լ
ʿûκζһҪȥۿ˵սΨֵԼ⣬ֻý겻ȥ
Ҷһ̯λ΢΢һֻλ̯ȴǸʵͽĺӣԼ̯λĺ󷽣һ̵߳ı׮ͷ
̯λϣڷһֻֻССÿһֻӡһֻޣҶһһвȻ
ֻЩзӡޣЩȻǵڵĴһͷԪǿ壬ϼԼԪȥ
֪ʵͽʿʲôֶΣȻЩͳͳ׽סӡСС֮С
ͻȻע⵽һֻУӡߣΪ׺ۣȻűצȻƤԵƣ̧ԴʵͽʿУ
Ҷϸϸȥ߷ĺȻͨ޵˻˻һɹɳƵ
ߵΪȴֻͣ൱Ԫڵʿ໯ԣԪܳ׻
ߵΪֻ̫ͣԵƣֻ˵ǵѪ֮У㺬֮Ѫ˵֣
ңôҶʵ
ʵʿͷҲ̧ʮ
ʮôȥ˫ֲŭ
ԱǸ̯λ̯ЦСץС߾ʮĿˣ
Ȼʵͽʿһ̯ãôʱ䣬ûмȥһ
ʵʿɲ̧ͷҵЩ֮УǽʮٵģҼ
ͺŪɵӰɣҿʲôʱȥһ̯Ц
Ҷϸߣ̧ͷЦǽȷ̫󡣡
ֱȡʮԪһֱֻ֣ӽʮץУߣˡ
۷Ź⣬ĶסЩЦСԩңû뵽ôУʮūңūұɲˣ
ݺݵĶסʵͽʿװͰ͵Ҹɳ˸ɣ
һ⡣
ʵͽʿǷ̧ͷվչһ壬Ҷʱŷ֣˵ļΪ࣬ݣĺӣһϡ
һɫʿϲı£ͨĴֲϣ֪ϴ˶ٱ飬ɫЩס
էһһǵͨˣȴҶһּΣյĸоȶ˻Ҫֲ
Ա̯λλ̯Ц⺺ӣʱôվмšϧҲ̫˰ɣҲûУ
ҶʧЦͻȻֻߴõõõƣͷȥֻͬһĿǺӣ·ͻȻ˴һ㣬㷢巢Ҳײõ졣
ʦ֡·һ㣬ݷＷ⼸֡
ʦ֣
Ҷƣæ̧ͷǴ󺺣֣λһȪħһĴʦأɣΪѾﵽɲľأԪô̯
Աߵλ̯ЦǵĴʦ֣ǺЦʲôɣʦҲôǣ
ʧǣ૵Ȫʥڡ
ȪʥڵĴʦ֡
λ̯ҪٳŪһ֣ʱɫԼ̯λҲҪˣæԶȥĶӡ
ص⣬Ѿжٶ꣬ʮǰѾԪʵɲ⣬ǻȪħڶǿ֮һһЩһҪǿᣬû뵽µħͷȻ
ض뿪Ϊ⣬΢΢һЦɽʱһ档λǽ½Сʦܰգ
ﲻҷλҶҶٱ̫ϳ£̫ϳѹʣҶʦִƹǷ塣
صɫʱüΪʣ˰Σ˿ĸ쵰ֻ£ƾҰһ֣Ҳ˼ѣѵʦϺͿˡ
ɫЩŤΪԸҶʩ񣬵ȻҶʦߣʦֶֻʹʦ御ȥСֶĲȡ
ҶЦʦֶ£ִƹǷ壬ʮ˵ʵʲôƸ
Ҳѣֱӽʮ£̾ϢʮΪ˵Ǳˮнѡ
ŵӵʦ֣ڹ˺֣ʦѵûȤЩˣǽЩɫſдţ๫пܻսĵλ
صһЦΪԸСӹҼҶѣûʲôͷԪ񣬲ǿһҶʦ壬ɺͳһɽ
ɫ֪ΪԼҶͼı죬ԲŻԼݺݵҶһۡ
ҶߣħԪ澭һ飬ʼ磬ЦλӭҹǷ͡
һһ
ؿͿ漴Ź뿪Ͼʦ壬ôԶ⡭


237 ɱܶ
ҶĿ뿪˿ش߹ʵʵһ鷳
صΪɲ⣬˵ֻСӹҼң˵ǿɼĸֵ֣ȥʶһµſֶΡ
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ȻһСƣҲܲȡ֣Ҫ¥ƱǸȥ˹˺֪ͨһ
Ҷָ˺λãԼȴһ¥֮С
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ܼԦƣʥٶȾԲ̸һʿǰҡڵķɹȥ
һСŮĿͷܴԼ߾ͻȻϲ֣һһէ㣬쿴ͷܾȻܻУһ¥ĲȻʰ¥ʻҪã
ԱߵǸŮӣԾС죬Ŀͷܣګګ֣ʦǰ߹ңԪʿԪͬ޷ͨ졣ͷôС
ͷգգ۾޹Ŀǣһɵǰȥˡ
ǿ׳һͷܣȻ˫ᣬѵǴ˵еϹ֣ܣһʿʶ㣬־ϲе
ӣϲ˵ϹʱһλۣۣһױޣֽũߣļƶɣӵĪܣܹʶٲݵĶԣװٶ˴˱ԺҩҲõĻɶҩˣٶ֣
ɵͷܣȡǣ챦ʿϲױʩչ׷ɱȥ
ЩʿŭĿӣһ㽫ʮױ飬׷ԼϣûĽֵүүȰˣ
Ѫսһϣһ˴ǹ͵һһʿЦүͳͳɻʣ
вʿţ߸е˵ͷܱܵޣ챦ޣֱ콵ƣ
ԶﴫеܱޣƱ
Ƥֱŭܱүļǣ̵ģ˵үıޣǼҲܸǣʵ̫ΣˣǶ¥̹
ԽԽʿӿȻ壬дǹޱȣ˵İΧ£ɱˣ
ˡ
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һʿ״־ϲеͷܹȻУȻΪħʿ
֣֣
Ȼʿɱӿڰлζв˵ΪѾﵽԪڣӱӿϢ
ԪڵʿΪʵԶԶʤڵʿױҲǿг
ɱܶޣ
һԪڵʿЦһְױȥ
ͻȻ¥зɳߣȻΪ΢ֻԪڵΪ߱һɺ嫵Ԫ𣬶ʱͣʮףͬɫԣԪڸΣʵھˣ
ˣǻԪڵĸ֣˾壬ǰԶԶױȥƺƴ
ͻȻͷֳһᦣշ裬죬ȴһǧƱͷתһֻֻɫĹƳɳ˷ӵȥ
ĳգͬȳ׷ױͳͳЩƳдҧԵĳ֮һʿƾʧȴͳͳ渹
˼æһɢжԶܶԶһ㡣
ĺܣɱԪڵĸͬˮһ㣬һһ
ͷװݣȻŹɱˣǸ˲֪˵ڵǿߣֻûܸɵ

˼ڴǹݡ
ֻͽСһһҹļͷͷĴˣзĺ
ǧƱ΢΢ٽַߣͷͬһƬơ
Ҷүʱ֣Щ쵰пܰүҷŵϡͿıǸȥܱޡ
£Ҷүгֻ֣ϳ棬˿Ҽһ㣬ƾү硣
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ǡǡһ󷨣ʮС󷨣ʣһٶ飡һڿ˳ͻƣɾˣ
΢΢ü漴뵽һ⣬˽ڣѣϾ֧ţҲԿƽյĻۣڡ
ͬʱΪѰʿ˰ʮͻʱҲȱ˰ʮҪܳɹ
ڱѾѣ˻Ԫڣڣõڣ˵󷨣ֻ¾Ǵ󷨣Ҳ޷ṩˣ
һ󷨣Ҫʮ󷨣󷨣ҪʮС󷨣һС󷨣Ҫʮ顣ÿذٽңô˵ҪʮڽǳԪžʯһĴǶͼ֣Ҳ̫Щ
Ҷ˼ҰѹǷıͳͳѹΣóϣֻҲ޷ĴǶ󣡡
ͼᦡҪǶͼܳ״߶Ҫʮᦡ
ԷõĲϣֻһپʮᦣԼƵ̫ᦣҲһپʮ棬һʮû䡣
ֻڻȪħͷޣһӶΪҲᱻڵڸһҪĴ߶ѹθĲƸ
ֱԼ¥һ㣬ֻ¥ɳΪĲȻʰ¥һռȻǧ޼ʡ
ʿɱܶᱦ˲ٲƸȣֻǱˮн
ҵ¥Դݲһ׼ɽѡɽֱӰ˵¥֮У齨һˡ
Ҷ¥ڶռ䣬ֻĿռһһСҲǧ˵صĹȻһƬӴĺԱߵĦ£ʵʵıĦ£߲ʣһٲϣͬӣӸ߿֮бڶ¡
صãû
޵ĺǰɲԱϲںϴ裬ΪѸ٣ɲԸԴ֮󣬱ĵ̡أʲôã
ү˺ˡ洫
Ҷû뿪¥ֻͨĳϵĸۿȥֻ˺ȴຣеĴɽһγһ״ĺȺмǰﺣֻһڡ
Щɽں֮ϣ߶Լǧף˴յһվɽ嶥ˣ˺ȥ
䣡
һɽͻȻһںڵսɨɽͷ飬ɽͷϹսʿʱ꣬ͳͳսꪾ޴
Ҷ񿴵๫ѪսͻȻѣǱӹ˺ԶӴܶȥ
С£ȻܣȴȻܴ


238 һͷ͵
ٹսʿ⵽๫ʱɢҵսžѣ׷״ɽͷϷ𣬲Ҿ̫
ǣ˵ؾ붫˵Ľս֮أʮľ룬ʿˣҲ޷ǽֵս
Ҷ͸ĳϵĸۣҲ޷塣
ٸ˴Ϊ˹ĦЩ֮սȴû뵽Σֻҡͷ뿪
ԪǿߣֻҲܽ붫˵ս۹ս
ͻȻ˽е๫սꪱʽϣֻߣսꪵƬҲûüȡսꪵ̼ͨױҪǿᣬƬҲֵǣ
ʿоԷսƬɽͷȥ
๫սꪣΪʮΣɢҸԸߣױ飬֮ȡ
ϽҲ䵽ɽͷ֮ϣһһ˳׵ǹ¥֮У漴Ϊǹһʿ
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ŮͷƯһͼĴǶͼźܴ֮ŮͼķʽҶвͬ
ͷĴǶͼϷһᦷ裬һᦶӦһǶ
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ŮӵΪߣȻ̫̫ˮеˮԪ߶һֻëˮԳ߽ףΪ׳վڰУףȭͷ򶫻ݺȥ׶
һ̫ᦶȴǻһͷԳɴ̫ɣֻԳһˮһƾ춯ء
Ů˿ȴΪͰԵǰһ
Ҷģļɣּɣ¥лôǶвûмء
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ҶĿڶϣвԾ̬ư꣬˿ͬ۽٣Ȼվڹ˺֮ϣֳڣɢˣ˺ɣ¶ɿݵĺ
ͬеʣվڰ֮У˵Ŀ⣬·ڿֻԼ䶯ϡ
ˣûжױǳֿȭһȭ򱬣̫𣬷һС
ͨʿǰν˽ܣſȣ֮𣬲ļо
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׷ȻҶľŶ֮ħ׷۶γɵľ׷
Ҳһ
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տսæһǹ⣬ʦԴԶȥһգʱɳ֮أٶȿ޷
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ͷ΢ڷ𣬺Х׷ȥչ衣
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ֻĳ϶Ȼգۼ㽫ǿû
Σң׷ЦͷܾȻ˶ĹƳ棬ǸùƳԸǵڵǿߣһЦ
Ƕð𣬴нһзյļƣЩĳɷɶ˻ÿһͷĳ϶ֳһ˱֣ڻζдֱܵ˵ϣҧ
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һͷ͵
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239 ڿ
ΧʿԽԽ࣬веڵǿߣеսƬѪս컢
̼ױ˵ЩͨɣЩڵǿߣһ֮ҲδѼ̼ױĲϡ
ǻȪħŴɣҲ˵һ̼ױͷУȻһѹսƬʵۺ졣
ڵʿӵȱͶҲˣؼͷܵΪ۷壬һͷֳرȷܲ˶ġ
ͷܵʵϿô⣬ȻͷƳ棬ڵĸҲɥСа⣬ûаոɵͷܣɴùģ㲢С
ͳͳҪүУүĻʣ
ŭ̵ģͷţһһʣвˬ
һϣҾͲţѲһʿŭԼȴǰñ
죬ܣ棬ͷ¥һַɳһ汦ȣˢĴ򿪣ʮ״СɽɽˮˮϻζƺʱܴѱиԾ
Թԣͷʵ̫ˣȻּһ̼ױ
ӵ޷ӣƾɢܣԿ϶һر
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ͷ¥һŴ«ɳҶԪ𣬱ɶʮ׸ߴͨɢ˵Ĺ
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һȷɳΧŽȻתֻԽԽִ󣬺ͷͬһԴӽϷ𣬻ڿҷˡ
һױ¥зɳǼΪѵõıȻ̼ױ֮ǿͨױʤ˲֪ٱȻǿı
Ҷмֹװݣֱһ޲Ϲױ԰ڡ
ģͷܱǸ˲֪ٱɵûˣ۾ˣסͷ౦
һֻ澳ڵȻһ⣬ݣ
ܣֻǰսʿ˶ΧЩݵһ֣ҲǴ
õǿվԶ¶ЦĿɭȻסԼԴϵЩױ
ԹԣүҺִˡЩһүҼģѵҶүҲˬҪЩ֣֮үҸɵ
գգС۾ᣬ˵ѪսߣֵүãһƽϣǵĻ
һõǿڰͲסеȥ·ϣ΢ЦϷҲܣϷȱһֻ޿ضԵ̲סĶҪЯһѣϵֻ֮ҪΪϷضٲĺô
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ĴԶʤˣʱҶʱûаսʤԼֻƣĶ֣ԼΪʥӦÿԵֵһ
׷ֲֿܣԪٶҲΪˣַӡǶͼ޷Ԫս󣬻ҵӮһЩ
ͷҶķȥЩ飬ҡͷȥĵұ׷ߣϾһ뵽ؼٻȥʤҲû棬ҪЦմѧȫµľŴԣԵǹȥսĽܣ
ϣҶɢȥŶȥԴ˵Ĳǣ˶ñ֪ơԸû
Ǳ뺣ף򴩵ѰصҴӣҵ«¥֮Уĵ¾ʲôطȻǿ׷һȪħڵĵֻ̣»ҪһЩѵ֮УĴڣ׷ΪȻӡüĵͼҿıȴ޷ʩչֻܺӲƴ
Ҷüģһɫӡסۣ۱պϣ޷ͷŴϸеĴǶͼ
Ԫ۶ɣ̺ǧϸ΢ķģһ𣬷·һ壬ԼΪҲϴҶϳȡԪܲĸɾ
һֽħֶΣеĸ֣ƵֶΣѹаħ
Ϊûľ磬Ϊﵽ๫̶ֳȣһԽҶ˶ӡ

ҶһУ̫У˴챻ԪС廨СԼüģǶ΢΢չ
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˿ʱӿϸ΢̫ΧǶȼգϽɻķֻüĴࣵ΢죬ͬը
˲ãɻķı㱻̫֮һ棬üĵӡԽԽʧ
Ҷ˿۴򿪣ʱǣƺƵ£۵Լü֮С
䣬ֱű׷´׷֣ҸζԿķӡ
棬ֻԶвʿζȴǿϵ󣬴Ѱʿ
ҶΪ⣬ȪħڷȥĵҶԴǶͼ̶̫ߣͼӡ֮󣬱ЩţɲһѰһȫ֮ߣ׷֣޷ӡҵͼ
Ҷü˼ʼ벻ԲߣĴǶֻǽƪؼļɶûмء
ܰǸǹСסСƤޣϸϸǹǾͿԸˡϧС椵ı£Ҹ˲֪٣һᱻסСƤޣϸϸķ
ǰѰЩʿԶԶҶƬ뿪˸ȵСվס
Ҷţ򱱷ȥ
ʿ׷ɱ˽еλеǼ϶СӶȥ
Сӣںеõر㲻
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Щʿ϶Ҷȵһ˺еıæ׷϶ȥȴ֪ǸֲΣֻҶʱ׷ײĿֲ
˰ͲסԶԶױҶɱȥʩչ׷ʮ׷Ҷ
ʿս֮ɱԽǳЩ޼ɵ
ʮ׷ױХƺƴ
Ҷ˱ڵĽ֮һǧƱ΢΢ζʱͷĳϺХɳһ·ҧȥױ׷ͳͳŹЩдҧ븹С
ͷͬȺȺдɱ䣬֮ʮɥ
ҶͷһۣĵЩ˱²ߣûֵùעĶֻ֣͹¶ѡŴɵĵӣϾ󡣡
ͻȻֻϵĸӦʧҶ΢о˸ѵи֣
ĿȺɨȥֻЩʿһţûرֵùעǿߡ
һֻʧȥӦȻ˳ָɵҶѰڷ״ֻʿһӼһڱƿͬ֬ѩ׾Өƿһư׹⣬ϸͬ˿ȴ֮߰ƺΪ
ӵΪߣڣǿ֬ƿ֮У׹ʮףζ
ͨױʿԼԶȻƿΪˣӵΪ޷ƿֻܷ֮Уס
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ƿеư׹⻮Уֽһֻĳƽƽпϵ弫ΪӲҶԹ½֮󣬷ԶԶһױͨʿգҲ޷˵Ƿֺû뵽ǰ׹йͬһ㣡
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Ҷŭһһڿڴ󶦷ɳдֻ԰ټƵϹ޴Ӵ󶦵Ķڷɳ֮У޷裬ХЩʿû
ҶرǸӣ԰ͷϹ޴ѹȥӾʧ룬֬ƿеİ׹иȴͲסҶԪ̫࣬ɱɱʱ˺Ƭ
һƿеư׹ʱƿУӰеȥ
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ڱƿֱ൱һɽѹ޷ƿ
ʿѾҶľŶͷɱһգ˼Զߣһ١
ҶЩߵʿ׷ɱϸϸڱƿֻƿƶɣʵؼΪӲ
ļֵʮָߣ㲻رı
Ҷע⵽ƿһư׹Ĵߣ
ӾǼ׹⣬ɱĽϲѴ֮
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ҶԹ½ƿһ΢ֻǵ׹ƿڻγ΢΢ζ
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ҶкȻæ֣ܹױĿΪƷ֡ĸ֮нѵư׹⣬ǽ֮ư׹ϸ˼㣬Ȼʮһ׳̣Ҳ̫˰ɣųһŵĻûˮδСôýܹ֮ʲô
ı࣬ǵһμ֮ĵر־еرϵϣǻȪħִɣҲղزࡣ


244 
֮Ϊѵãֿӵԣֻĸ֮ĿһСɽСĸĽ֮ҲȭͷС
Ӳ֪õһϸ緢˿Ľ֮޷ֻ֮÷ƿ֮УΧֻʮԶǱ
Ҷ˵ȴûҪԪΪǿԪҲ൱֮ܽ𣬱Ϯʮ
ôٵĽ֮ȷ޷ױֻһߣȻûкƴȴʤڷõúãҲһıԵøĽ֮ױ
ҶصȪħڣԽ䵽Ƿ֮У漴Ƕͼչɽ壬ﲻͼ֮С
ͼǣǴǰĶٶ౶ǰΪڲɣ
ֻǷϿգһſ˶ǳתǷһ½硣
Ҷſھ̣ɣ·һֻϹžޣƬ̣ͷһͻȻһ죬ȻһԾССĽԾʱɢȥâţҫգͬգ
ҶвϲԾƣζڰѴǰֲϲεľ磬Ϊʿ
ڻԶԶһȪħУֻֻһڵľ硣Ϊһ֮ϼΪȻ̫Ҫ˿𡣡
Ҷаʮ֮ҹǷҲҪͽʦΪûеӸߣЦΪҪתԪڶҲͬҪͬиˡ
ȡתԪڶķϸϸжֻתԪڶҲΪתȵһϸ塣
һķڰתʱԪ㲻ַģױĹ
ڶķȴʿԪ巢֮УϸϸԴȵһķӾӱ̬
Ҷ񽫵ڶķж͸ٴüͷ૵ȻϡԪһԪڶȻԪҴǰľķԪٶȣԲȴǰˡ
˴κɸ֮УŪһǧ֮ǳԪžʯתԪٶȼңҲԳܣٿԽķڶɡ
Ҷ΢ͷ¶ʱһ޴Ļɢ˵ˣȴǽԪͳͳ
ʿʩչֶΣܹ⽫Ԫ±ʿֶױȴǴ
ҶϥƮ𣬾֮Уܣ巢
ԪԶͨʿʵʱ¶ȼߣʱȻЩ֧Ųסĸо
ҶæתԪʱֿݣֻЩ·һޱϸ˿ߣ˳Ƥë֮У˳Ѫȫ뼡⾭磬ҲЩա
Ҷ̣ͬһպˣһԼʱȼյĸо
ʱӵһ˫ۣܹҶڲ֣ᷢ˿ĸƢθอͬһ¯
ѪҺ֮ϸСӣҲڲͣա
ĵǱһ¯ȼգ첻ȺħֶΣмơ첻ȺħױܣȴԼ˻һ¯ħҪ
𲻶ϱɣԪڷġ
Ҷ񵱼תԪ澭ǣԴԴϻԪ
ĴǶͼѾһ󷨣ﲻ޾˿õٶȣи࣬ΪɷٶȺ
ɸմ˿̶һСԺ֮Уˣ׷ңңһΣܴء
ԴվڲԶ겻ȥѣ̫֡
Ŷ룬ȥ
ĿЦ֣ʲô
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ԭˡ
ԴЦȪħôǹķںδȥɱ
üߵֲǹūţС»ҪǴ
ȻһЦԴЦСӣˣ˯ʦ㣬˯㣡ٸ˵ӱһ㣡
Դ壬һͣ˵
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Цһȥ˸ҸŮˣˣ
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תԪҲתԪԪתΪɫһҲںһƬڿУͬһ޴ĺڶ˱һһһ£ԵΪ죡
תԪǴ󺺾ڣСʥصķѧ˹죬ҲǸ漣
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Ҷﵹصһ߳ȥֻһʿưվһʬ壬ū;֣׷׹ڵأŲ
󣬻һɫŮŻˣ΢ЦһСŮߣһʮһ˷ܵĿŵϵʬ壬㵸ЦκʦֹȻūžȻҶ죬Ǳ
˹ЦҶ񣬰ȻҶٱӺôĥ˰ų
΢ЦѴǶͼ͸ߵλүĺô
Ҷ˿µʬ壬ʧµһǷʱǰȥˡ
£ʬͷִֻԼֱҲʥڵӣ㲻Ҷ̧ͷǸˣϸ


245 һ
΢΢һʧЦҹ£һūſͷҪԶһۣûɣ
˫֣ߵҶǰԶߵҶ˵֪ҵ˭ô
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Ҷϸ˼Ƭ̣ҡͷû˵ô
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ҵҲ
κɽŭһҶȥͷһ¥һЦҶٱ֪ǹǷķʦ̫ϳ飬λߣһҪһʦ塣㻹֪ʥУǸЦ
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鸮κֶ죬Ľʯ裬ޱȡ
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κɽһȻǷɽūţɱĸĸ˵ɱһȫɱ⣬ǷţҺΣ
Ƿ嶥ˣЩڵصūһɫȻȴʼղҶ
ԴֹǷϿյǶͼԾԾԣƺ֣Цκ˵úãһûκκ̨ˣһֻè˭۸һѣôôκ磬ͼȡˡ
ҪȡǶͼ½ȴճסæͷȥɻʦ㣿
΢΢ҡͷЦǻȪʥڣʥڵĵֲ̣ǲ֡
תͷκɽЦκʦ֣ʥڵļ£Сúʦֻǿˣ롣ʦȡͼǱǣСóһ飬ȥǹ͡
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ٴҶɭȻ˵һΣѴǶͼȻͷԶһۣұԼ̣һ·
Ҷޱ飬ָȻƳϣ·ϣʥڹأֱۡԼ֣Զ֣
κɽ˴ƺ޷ԼĻЦֱۣ㻹ΪʦˣȻ㲻ͼôֻ÷ϵΪϵֱۣ
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ͷȻ𶯣һɰ״СҶͷֺɫ䣡
Ҷ΢ЦɱɭȻվ£ų϶֣ٶһȡȻԼ֣ôֻˡ
κɽЦ񶦺Ȼ£ЦҪһȣСӣүҲΪɱǷţҪ֫һ˹ڹǷ壬Ĵεʦ壡
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һ·ǷϿյĿռҲǰƽһյ˲һֿռ𵴵Ĵ
κɽǿ񶦣ҲĲǰƽƣ
ǿȻռ䣡
ɫ΢䣬ʧСʥصľתԪ
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תԪǿ˼ľأ˱ͬһ̼ױ
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ҶɫɭȻһֻֽڵϣЦһСҲҵǰҰֵڵʿɱ˲֪٣ÿһĲҲ̶ã
κɽ־ŭҶĴȴ˿ͬɽѹͷ
ƳһֻۣԼڴĿҶ񣬶ԼİΣŲʣûгֵĴ㣬ȻŮ˴ûаԼ߳ŭһ񶦵ͷ䣬ү㣡
ҶӶ̧ĳ۵һ񶦵Ķ֮ϣֻ̼ױһķɣɵʮ⣬ײǷɽµһɽ֮УںȻһ޴İӡǣ
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ҶסԴǸʬǰĵȥˣκɽɼͷǷĵ涼ҳһӣʯ׷ɡ
տ۾ֱˣҶΪڣȴֿȭκɽƷʿһƷ˿ûл֮
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κɽͷѪ죬Ѫ棬⻰üԹȥŭеҶģңұɱ㣡ˣ֪ôҵὫʬΣ
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Ҷʦ壬ȲҪ֣
ԶͻȻһȣҶѭȥֻȪħڵĴʦɫЦ䵽Ҷǰ
˿սܶӶæҶʦ֪κɽȻǸκһˣҶΪɵ鸮չأ֪£أ϶Ҫ鷳Ķӣ޷ڵĴȻʥڷΧ֮ڶ֣ʥڣ϶㱨Сֶ飬ʦ顣
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Ҷţ΢Ц˵ֻ޹زɷԲκ˶ҹǷǣκ˶Ҷ֣ʦֶӻҪġ
˼Ƭ̣ͷȻܰ죬ֱһȣһȡ
֮ɫȰʦ壬Ǿκʦ岻ˡ
Ų飬ֻ֪ҶԸҶʲôʲô䣬κɽˡ
κɽҽвֹ֪Ѱһľͷһ̾͹ȥˡ漴첲һȷ¥УǺЦȻ˵㣬ҲƯĻ
̾Ϣһ΢΢ҡͷ˵
￩Цʦ֣ħڿСʲôħСÿҶʦΪеˬúܣְֺ
ҶһֻۣŮϾȻഩ˼ѣǰǰ㱩¶Ϊ죬漴Դλǹʦ㣬ȻʥڵѰҵĻʮɽ֮⣬ҶȻǵǼȻҹǷ壬ǾǿˣΪǷķΪǡҲգǶ˹£˵ʬͷұ뿪
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ҲɫĿ˸ɱɭȻ
ǹǱôϻ
ŭһƶȻԨֲӲ˵ΪͳͳѹƵ˹ڵأݺݿͷһ˶Ƿ壬ЦǹĵӣȻҲһȪʥҰʥڵӵĹϵҲɱǣѾǹӣ汻նģͳͳҹ
Դ־ŭɫҵȴ֪ȪħڵʦֵΪɲ⣬Ƕ˵ı¸û˿ʤ㣬æתߡ
Ҷͷ֮̽һֻɫ֣ץѾ˹κɽԶԶ˹ȥλ˴ҹǷͣѴԭ·ȥ
ռæסκɽȴҶѾعͷ˵Цк޵ҧгݣ˵ǻȪħڵĵؽ磬ǹǵǰ˵Ұֻú޺뿪ֱ鸮ȥˡ
鸮壬κ֪³ǸϹƢ϶Ǩŭңǽκɽɽ£һȱQɽˡĿ˸а


246 ϯ
Ҷ´أΪ棬ȪħڵλʦʱʵĴץ֣ںɸ޻
ʱҶЩΪ⣬ΪλħڵĴʦƢһ²û뵽˿طŭƵ˲ò¹򣬵ʵصӡĹۡ
ˣһͷԱ˾˯ʨʨԱ֮ôΣգֻҪоˣ¶ˡ
ҶаۣЦλҹǷ壬ӦòֻΪȰҲҪκʦְɣ
ɢȥǸʵͽĴ󺺣˿ֹ
ЦҺʦִ˴ȻΪһκɽֵʦԳ棬ֻǿҶʦֳͽǸ쵰ʦֵʦκʦ壬ųȰ
΢ЦתԵΪŮԳԵ˼Ҵ˴Ҷʦأǲ֪ʦ𲻴ӦкЩ
ҶһɲĸоСƤɲҰɣ
Цʦ壬ǰҺ͹ʦһӺɸɽһ·̸ʦö˵㲻Ůϲľֺ˵ķķСɽĴжǲ֮ķҪķͱ뿪Сɽʦ
ض˶٣˿ҶɫСЦЩΪ¶ܣСɽ׿ϣùʦʦʦõ̫ã೤϶˼ȥֻҶʦĹǷ崫ӵаλ̫ϳϵĴУһǹʦ
Ҷɫ΢䣬ʱ֪˵ʲô
زܾæЦҶʦ壬ʦѾϴĸˣ
Ҷ׸ۣҶ壬˼ѾϴĸˣĳΪʦ
㣬˭֪ʦĵϣ᲻Ͱʦɲˡ
Ҷа̣Щͷ󣬹Ů׷ɱЩڲɲҴŮĺͬһͷŮߣˣȴһǸޱΣյ
Ϊħڴʦ֣ӦôСһ𣬶Ϊ鶫ߣǿϹ˰ɡ
ҶˣֻתʱʱϣɫЩ꣬ĿڴĿҶ
ҶȻɫȻˣұɽţΪҹǷϯӡڿ԰ʦˣ
ɫЩɣأֻο֮ɫҧҧӯӯȥݾߵګݼʦ𡭡
ҶЦɫ˫̧Цɡ
̾ϢĵҹǷ壬㲻ֻһˡ
Ҳ˿Цϲʦ壬ϲͽ
ͽ̸ϣԸǸͽ
ҶЦʦֶпգҹǷ¹ı⣬ǽλħڴʦ֣ΪԵʣԹǿҲÿһۡ
ȻæЦ
⻰ϲʤмĿҶ
̧ͷֹǷϿյΡΡȺǣƬ̣ЦҶʦǴǶ䣬ѹǹĵӻǰɸٰһᣬ¹İʦûἰ㣬Թ˵ʦƭðǹĵӣʦһͨ
ҶͻȻԷǸŮݸô¡ɸᣬǴ󸻴ǿ߾ۼ֮˼ʹȥֻҲκα
عЦʦÿǶʦԹءϧǳᣬʦûǰȥ᳡౦˲֪ɵĴУΪҡһѪɾ˵ֻδʱԶµ֪Ǽ١
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253 
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㳵ϷԪܶһֻԲĶĴ֣Ȼ㳵ץȥ
ҶڳпȻ̵߸Ůȴ׷׿ŭȣԵ֮з׷׳һֻ֣ҲĶԲֻ֮ϣֺֻ÷顣


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ЩҰٰ裬ɳ׷ɱңƺΪеͣǵĶ֡
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Ҷ񵭵ȥҲá


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260 նɱԪǿ
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ҶɵһֻħľתԪҪǿһȻӲʵ㲻ƲӣֻҲȥԶ

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ҶϵЦϾѪ񾭵ĸ֣ھˡһٵ˳ɶѪӰռʿһΪֻʣɣΪǡ
ƬѪ΢ЦٸҳǰǾǸˡ


261 
Ѫ񾭵ʿΪƵѪӰ֮УһѪӰ̲һΪǱٵһѪӰʧһΪ
ѪԪʮѪӰ˷ӣҶ˰˳֮࣬Ϊֻʣɣռʿָܻ֮õƷƷΪ
ƵѪҲҶɻҶ˵ٳ֣ȻǸˡ
ϾԪǿߣһ֮λȨأ͵Ϯһƽ֮նȥͷ­һȭһƻٵǧѪӰΪֱӱ䵽õڣν˲ޱȡ
ҶƬѪԼ¥֮УΪϲƬѪҵĳϱԽΪᣬǧֻϣԪǿߣҲӲƴˡЩǽϣҪȵһ֮󡣡
ÿһ磬ѵʱ䶼Ǵǰʮ˼һϲܽɣ˵Ȼһǿױ
֮ȷǸԪڵǿߣҲնɱϧ̫ˣֻһưߣֻʮס͵Ϯ֮Ұˣ潻棬ǾûôǱ˷֣ױߡ
θߵ¿գգ۾ĵתԪǶͼһƽ֮ҶϵϵܻǲǻƲӳΪʦ壬һĻɣǹСʥصĵӡ֣ôûʹȪħڵ洫ķ˽֮һ
Ȫħʮ֮Уķ׷ԨƣеĵӣѧӣɰٴһɽһִУЩɽִУɵղظӷḻ
ףȪħڵķǰ˽˴ĽֻֽǻȪħڵķ
θߵţҲмȪħڲͬûôĴУӿŵӵΪȻȪħҪߣÿһ˶Ȫħһĵӡ
ҶϵܣƬɽ֮УϹŴɵı⣬˿ֻѾۼ˲֪ٸ֡θߵָɽе
ҶĿɨȥֻأصЩǴסеƬɽȵŨȸߵˡ
ż䣬ֳ֮һֻӴ֪ʲô֣֮УЩֵ֮Բ¶棬Ǳ·ʿ춯
Ҷܹоɽ֮УʮɼΪǿϢԪڵǿߡ
ѹִ˵ؿħħʵ̫Ũˣ
䣡
ͻȻȵ״һ𶯣ɨֻһɫԴӵص·һ󻶺ڳˣ
ոճ̴֣ǿͳͳɣɽȶʱһƬ
ҶͷȥֻԼڽΧʮ˵ǿͷԪƿˣȻǽмͬԨɲȣȻԪڵĸֻҪǿᣡ
ˣȻҲǻõڵĸ־Ӷֻ࣬еڻԪڵĸҲʮˣЩ˶ŴɵĵӣǼΪǿķ׷ױʵС
Щ˷ΪħϵμиŸɸԵС壬˷֡
лʮͷħħɢȥ̶ߣʧ
ͬһСɽЩڽǰ·ֻ΢ϡ
θߵĿͻȻħһʿϣһɭȻԭʦַҲˣ
ҶоϵɱжʱȻֻθߵµλʦ֣ϵƣ֮뻹гԹ
ִڲҲһ飬֮Ҳ
Ϊθߵ¸߳࣬Ѿڣľ˵ڵʿʵͨԪڸֶ
վǿ֮䣬Ȼ˿˷С
θߵĿҶϵܣһ£ܽƽ֮ɱ˷ʦ֣ģ
ҶؿƬ̣Циͬͬ˵⻰ˡѽ֮ҲǲɣֻҪŵ̾ѧľ
θߵɫ΢䣬ҪڣҶЦ֣ҪĵȻľǰķ㣬ɱķʦ֮Ӧְܹɣ
θߵ³ĬƬ̣ͷǰķȷԸ㡣ŵľԪһƷʼٱÿһ磬һɡڵΪѾ°ƷľҪȹǰ漸ʮε١һٱ൱°Ʒڶٱ¾ƷٱǻԪһƷҵʱΪѾ˹ԪƷǷϵΪ֮һٶȹ
ҶȻ˵ľĿǰľ磬ҪȹԪ̥ǿ߲ܶȹ٣
һ£˵Ԫ̥ǿ߲ܶȹ٣ǵڣֻҲûжٵİա
θߵЦŵľ֮ΪٵΪԽߣԽǿɵĸֵõҽ̵ķҲϵΪԪڿʼȲ٣ҪСҶϵܣ㻹Ҫô
Ȼ
Ҷ΢΢һЦΣҶʶһ£ڶţķ֮
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Ҷľȡƽ֮θߵ£ɻ֣ʦʲôޣҪɱɣ
μȫС˰ٶУݳ㹻˰ɣ
θߵɫת䣬ŤЦҲҪɱҪɱʦ˵ʲôľҪѽ٣ȥ٣ǣ޹Ҳſרɳʦɱȫţ
ͳҧгݣЦúǹ죬ҶҲоëȻ
ҺһȪħûŵֹֹأֻҶңҲҪŲ
˵֮䣬Щ̳֮Уʵھ޴󣬼ӿƺҲǲ׺һڡ
Ҷθߵ¶һۣȥ˸ո̤ţֻǰľɫͻȻһ䣬ȻʣһǺӡ
֮УȻһǺӣֱӷУҶмơ
ֻǺ֮ɳҫԣǺɢҫ۵Ĺԡ
вױδʴҶ񿴵һױǺ֮УĶ˴̴ռ䣬뵽һ֪ʱ֮С
ղŽ֮еˣ˿̶վǺǰû춯żмֻħХȥ·𱳺ʲôֲĶ׷һ㣬ϾȥȡƯɵı
һֻħͻȻƤɱͷգۼûףǰɳʮԶͻȻ룬۰׹ǣȻ׹Ҳ׷׸࣬һһء
ħҲ׷ױޱȲϣǺ֮УֻһֻΪߵħӺҲͬһĺˣһнͱеӡ
Ǻǡǹǿ󣡡һǿߣϳǺӵ


262 ħ򱦿
λǿ߿ǿ󣬾ȻŵɫæתߣƺһҲԸͣ
Ǹո̤ħ̱ɱȥ˺ɱ
ǿǹ󷨣
Ҷ΢ϸǺӣֻǺʣɳͬǳУӳ״һһ߲һ޴״Ǻˣɳܾһͬһ޴̫
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˲֪꣬ûи࣬ɱء
Ҷͼ֮У󷨵İɳȻ
Ƕűϵ
ǺУһױںʣƣвױȻɢޱȵܣ״ױ˿ѷ
״ױԶգһȫȪħڵħߣ
ƵױǺ֮ʮ֮࣬еͼеƿе¥еǴеǹڣеһ༫Ϊࡣ
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«һһף״ͬӺ«Ѿԡ
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֮ѾɾΣһȴûͶǿüëֻһ۾
֮γɵͯ۾ſʱɫ䣬߷ɹױгΣ
ͯߣ˲֪ټױ۲ѡ
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Ȼױмǿ޸ȻȲϽ֮γɵͯȴԶҲɼѵıƶɣ
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棬ָǿռ䣬Ǵǧ硣
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ҶϵܣǿǹĻ󷨣˵ǹһ֮УҪ˲֪ٱһһţ˵󺺹İۣսǹԶԶһ󣬱֪Ѷˣ
θߵ촽̰Ŀ˿Щɳ֮ױҶϵܣǶ䣬ûзƽ⣿
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̾˿Ťʱ䣬κ̤еʿѸ˥ϣǶ䣬ҲС
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һԪǿڰͲסǺò״⣬ֶܿأΣӶҪһ⣬ȡһױ
Ҷ˿ȥֻλǿƤڣģСɣĿ⾼
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ڴĿθߵƲƲ죬ڰˣ
Ҷ񲻽⣬θߵºٺЦԪ꣬ƺܳܡħԪ೤öˣһֻ澳ħղǼֻħǧҲûӳڰӣɣ
˵̾˿Ŀ˿סλǿߵĽ⣬ϧͼϾ̼ױǸҵĻôҲܰҵ׽١
ȻθߵϣԪǿֻɵĵһȦΧԪľӺڷɰ׷׳࣬漴ã׹һѣ׹Ҳûдڶ೤ʱ䣬ɢ
˵ĽͼҲʱĥ𣬸úɢǺ֮С
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ʵڿֲȻû־춯صƣɱʱȴϢڲ֪б
ͻȻˣŨҵһüĿͫ׵Ŀ⼫ΪһۣȴһƬƬ۱֯ɣۣϣͬ嶼ɭ׵ӡ
СӣĳྫĸĶó˿Ҷ񣬾ǰ촽
ֻһʮ׵ķֲͷ̽ڿͬһ㶶£ÿžž죡
һϳӣʧ


263 ˶
ǾһʵǿҲԪ֣̾ں֮Уںһˮ
˵ֵܣҲԪڵһһǹĪǾˣ
һʿֻĿҶЦ˭ãƫƫλѰ·
СĳྫĸҲǸɫ˲õˡǽǿߣԪĺྫĸֻҲˡһʿ̾Ϣ
ྫĸԭֺеıѹֱҲ̲סġ
ҶϸˣֻҲۣȴǻɫƬͷͺͺһƬֻƲӣһнľߣһǣ˵ߡ궼ԻֻҪԪڣȥƤǺƬλΪλûлԣ
ɫʱüΪѿȭ߸ɿȲѣĿ¶׹⣬ɭɭļҵĳСӣҽֵܵĶ̣ǻòͷˣ
θߵ´յҶߣ˲ͨĹꡢߡѪͳڵͼ壬˲ܻԡϵܣ㵱ǵ⣬Ǵǵѹ˼
ҡͷ̾Ϣ̫ˣ
ɫʱѿ֣˻˻ͷЦˣСļҵҰ֣Ҳҽλүүϵף
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θߵ°ȻλֵܣǻȪħڵĳϣŵĵӣϵΣ
ȪħںŵĵӣѹָţСӲļҵôôֺͻȪħڳϹϵ
ҶԿһУսҶԪ֣һֱΪҶļҵĵӣЦµĵӶɱοǣ
Ҫ֣ͻȻǿ󣬶΢΢һ漴Ŀɨȥ˵ؾȻۼô֣һ
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֮һʿͻȻҶ۾һЦСħͷ㻹ûǺ˲ǧ꣡
ҶѭɨȥֻŻͷŲȻȻ΢ЦԭǴµ֣ии弪鰲͹ġˣȻҪݺǧ꣬ˣ»˶á
һͻȻǺЦû뵽㵽ȥˣϴûܽ㣬ѣҵҪӣ
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׳ա
Ҷ˷ۣЦ֣λʦֻʦܣԽЩ
µĵ̣ŭããȻңˣ
θߵµֵܣҲĳңʲôͷ
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ʢ֪ߵغ񣡺Ԫʵһµĵӣ˵ΪﵽڣʵǿҲ൱λԪǿߡ
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Ҷϵܣ㣿θߵ¼⸱ΣҲ޼ƿʩѯʵ
㣿Ȼǰͳͳɵ
Ҷ񵭵һЦгһѰɡͦЦȺǴȺŹǣǵ


264 ѵӣ
һȺ黩ȻΧ۵ЩǿҲΪˬŭ̵ģС̫ˣǸı飬ŵҶ֣ѵһ٣
ǻȪħڵĵӣҲôţ
ֹţֱǲ񡢲Ᵽ˶ĸ֣ͷۣҲ·һ
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СӵȻԪĴڣôǿ
Ŀ䣬սҶ£ŭ˻һսסҶеǹ
ֻƨɺͻȻһ׵βͣͬһѩ׵ݺҶͷ£
ʱ޷סҶ񣬱̽һֻԭΣβ͵Ϯ㽫Ҷѹ⣡
Сӣס㻹
ĲͻȻ䳤ʮ׳̣鲼ƬһҶȥĴͻȻѿһʮ׵ķֲͷֱǹҶȥ
ľޱȣԪڸҲʤ
ͣ
ҶеǹͻȻ̣սꪵķһ޵ǰ͵һͷ
Ҷֳִ󵶣ȥ񣬽ľβӲնΣ
ЦеĴһըֻƵİ裬ÿһһѷɵͼϴƵİ۱Ҳ޷赲һ㽫λһɸӣǰ͸
ͬʱҶ߸ԾֻǧٷɻأٴУһѾ޴ݺͷ£
һٶޱȣĿϾӣգۼĹһش
ʶĴǺһ𣬻һ޴ĶƣҶ֮䣬ֻҶľ޴ݺڶ֮ϣʱǱ鲼Ѻۡ
æ˻ȥĿĶסҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦٹֻе޴ַ֨֨죬һѰɡУɡΧëµѪ飬ȴѪ
˵ǾһȺҶɡվڰУˣ΢Ц
ȻŭҪվƲĿһʦ壬Ҫˡ
¥ҶȥԽԽǿƵ˲Ϻˡ
ǻȪħԪڵӵƣԶǿ


265 
Χؽһ壬ҶƣƲ¥¥𵴿ռ䡣
ÿǰ߳һ㷢¡һ죬ռǰƽһƵҶθߵ²òһ󲽣
Σ·ҶθߵΪƬݣ¥ų⣬Ƶǲòһ㡣
鸮ĴȻδ֣ƾƣԶԶͬ٭ʵԶ֮ϣ
ĳ¶֮ɫƲӵĿ裬ܹóƲӵʵҪǿ
ȴµĵҲ¶֮ɫƲӵʵڳУΪʿ֮һ
Ǽ̥һҲЩɵ
ƲӲֱӶ֣ǲƣƵҶ˲Ϻˡ
һ
Ƭ̹Ҷθߵ±㱻Ƶٽգȥ㲻òǿķΧ֮С
ǿͬһۼǿգʵȴһ޵׶κ˽УҪ⵽ʱϮ
ƲӾҪǸ޵׶Уǿĥʬ޴棡
ԴУƴһƴ
θߵڰͲסͷӱ׹˸ζɽʱ뵽Ԫ֮ɣźƴܡ
ŵľǵ֮Уǿļֽ֮һθߵŽΪʵԶͨʿԪǿ
׹ⳤӺһ׳ش֮УƿռƲӵ¥ײȥ
ͬʱҶȣſһֻͷĺɫºȻһ£Ԫתʱָݣһپʮᦷ߶ͨǶͼ嫵һȭ¥ȥ
һȭθߵµ׳ش󶦻ҪǿһֱǰĲƣ磬˻㱼ƺо־ͬһɽ󣬼㽫ĥҲ޷ҡ־
һײ¥֮ϣֻ¥ҲƵûƲӲòͣ½Ų
Ҷʦ壬ûõģ֮Ĳ̫󣬴޷赲ң
ƲӵӰ΢΢һ٣漴ٴǰȥһҪǱǿ֮У

ҶͷһڽɫӷɳתԽԽͬһӲӵͭɽ죬ħ嵴
ħƺƵĻ꣬ƲӣΧҲڹķ֮У
ΪֻڵʿħѪڣǶħŴɵĵӣ׷׼ױ
Щ̼ױסʩչ׷ȫԵֵħϮ
类ҶشԪڵǿߣȻ˼أ˿ڼˣħ嵴ֻλո˿ըѪɺӣ
ۣۣۣ
죬ħͣըɫ԰ף۵³һѪήٵأ
ҽǿ󣿼ȻˣһȥҶŭȣеɡͻȻһֻ鳣ݺ֮ͭϣħʱƴʮ
ۣ
֪˵ױħ嵴òѺۣһ̼ױҲ֩һ㣬Щֻʩչ׷ĸ֣㵹˴ù׷ѣֱ⵽ħϮ׷ѪɷΪ׳ۣ
ƲҪҶ󣬱ƵԴ󷢣ƴҲҪһһȻӣ˽
һҶֳִ鳣öӣݣͬħ
ʮصĴӣȻΪƣ޷׷ӳ˿ӣȻҲڴӵܴ߷߰˰ˣ
ֻħ嵴ͬ쫷ºɨͻȻһըһԪڸ֣Ҷ߷ӣһѣУ
ʵȻߣûϵҶɡ仯Ī⣬Ҷˣã˿ֱħ壬ÿνޱȱ
飡
˵̼ױֱӱħ飬Ҳ˵أܹɴݵֵģ޲ǸɵľӢԪڵĸ֣Щ̥ĸˣ
ЩĿ׷׿ҶеɡͷĴӣ̰֮⡣
Сϵıɱ˱޷Ҳһʴջ񡣡һź룬ЦеûмκױҲûʩչ׷ֱֵħһɷƵ
¹Ķˣһʿģ˺ǺЦ
ǿױһʿУֱǱϵܣѵ㲻Ķ¹Ц
ʿ΢ЦܲģֻѵֵסȪħڵλ֣ܿᱻ֮Сֻ֣¾ͻΪʸ֮ģмϼһҲءһȪħλԪڵĸڴˣȻΪ粻ǣҪʤǣҪԷֽš
Ⱥ֮УħĹ²ɫȻҲʵ˸֮ˡ
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Ʋӿڱȣе¥Ȼ٣һθߵµ׳شײ⣬Ҷ
䣡
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һָжʮ˲գۼҶоԼɳ׳꣬ڷ
Ĵ߳ĺ룬Ȼ׳꣬ȴ˿ӣǺãĥʱ֮У
ޱΣȥǶƱػᱻǺĥеԪ׻ҷ
ζҪƴһƴǶͼ𣡡
Ҷ˫һϵǶͼһʮռ䣬Ƕ裬Ǻ֮Уθߵһס
ͼչҶ̸оԪֹͣţʱ˿ȻˣǶͼǺͬԴǴǶеľѧǶͼǡǿռ䣬ǺǿաǺǡ桯ʱ䣬ʱⳤӡͼ棬ˡ
ͷȥֻθߵҲӣһ׳ģ
£һۣθߵĨȥͷ亹ګګҶϵܣʱڵӣʱһ˵ģ
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̵ģǹɱҰθߵվǶ֮У˫ֲЦޱȵ
֣̫ˣǴ
ҶҡҡͷɡָƲӵˣȺɱǰ
ƲվߣĿĬĬ
ɫ࣬׷ߣе˿ȥĿҪУΨֱĥԪ
һԪڸŷһ׷Ϯʮɱˣֻ׷ոս󣬱㱻ʱĥ
ԪƳҹԪƾã
סҶ񣬺һ𣬾̤֮УɭȻѾԪڣǧСӣɱҴ磬ҼƴǧҲҪˣΪ籨𣡡


266 컯
ν٣˼ǹ׵ƳԪӵǧ˿̼ҶţҲ಻ס̺һУɱȥ
ոտУֳȴһֻֿӥ꣬ӥ絶ͼӴԼж׷Բͬһڰзеĸ
ֻϹ֫ҷͬˮһ㼱ٷУҶֱȥ
ղǿͳλͷϹ껹ɱֱѰ·
θߵסֻͷϹ겢ûʩչ׷ҲûмױǱֱʱ򣬽еҶϵܣϹǴͼԼ˥ϣȻٽǻɱ
ҶҲע⵽һ㣬ĻǱǶͼ֮УԪҲֹͣš
һԪڵֻ֣Ƕͼ޷ѹ
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Ҷ΢ֻǶͼԽԽСַԲʮգۼ㻯ΧһѸС֮С
Ƭ̣ͼֻзԲʮףҶθߵվͼ֮УֻͷϹɼٳȴ¶֮ɫȻע⵽ҶСͼû֮ء
СӣɱǣȻȡͼ
ͻȻһΣһֳֶܣһֳֵҶɱȥͬһ磬ĿɭȻҴС㣬ŻᱻˣҴ˿Ѿ˷ֶͨΣҲң
δ䣬ֻҶɡһƣסĵ⡣
һ׳ͬٲк£ݺҶ񣬲ʽξǱҶԶƵ£ûܵ˿ˡ
СӣΪβЩ꣬ŭ
̶Ƭ̹Ԫһ룬ԵøӲϣ
ΪҪ
ҶڣƵĹ΢Ц֧Ų˶ãľԪԼ֮С
һĺֻԪţԽϣæٽתߡ
ߣûôף
ҶЦеɡͻȻһ¥Ȼһ£ѹڹͷ
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ŭȣͻȻԭΣһֱֻӥ޹꣬¥֫Եȥɡĸ¥ڣٶȶʱʮڹһ
Ƭֻ̣Ϲ֫ԽԽͣƯڿУٸãҲʱⸯʴҽֻʣһ޴ĹƯڿС
վڴԵһƬĬþԪĹҲнԪĸɾǽ룬Ҳֻ·һ
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ҶչǶ󣬽ǸУ漴θߵ£ǣӦÿ԰Ը׽١
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ҶЦгྫĸ֣ƳɵǻҪ˲֪٣ò
θߵԣ֮һûгֻ㱳̺ôЩա
֣ʱ򣡡
ҶЦƲӵˣֻվڰߣüչҲû˵ҽ
һȺҶЦ
˺޵ҧгݣеСӣܲһӱв
ֻҪ̲ס߳ͼڣ
ʱҪ㣬ʱѣ
ҶһͼչһȦɳȥĵȻˣħ򱦿еıͳͳߣ
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ǶǺͬͬԴˣԽǽӽǶͼ㱻ѹƵԽҶһȦɳ֮УǶͼѾʮ﷽ԲСס
ҶȻ֪ԼǶͼԶԶȲͼ൱Ǳܽȫơ
Ƕͼ㣬ֻһȦķ룬ڶȦ˵ǶͼᱻѹƵ޷ǣ

һҩ߷ɹθߵ¼æڴץסͼ֮УЦϵܣҩϹŴɵղأĵҩ϶ͬСɣ
ҶҲĶ˵ҩƿ̴Ũҩ㣬ѽѽĸֻֻĴָСɫӶзɳֶȶ̣Դȴòɱһɰкתĸֻǿڳݲ壬ڳЩʲô
ƾãЩҩѾҩ
ЩСͬͯͯŮգĴ۾̲ס޲ðСĺǻ
ÿɰĵ
θߵһֻ˫۷Ź⣬ѵõᣬЦҶϵܣֵҩ컯һƷ鵤һܴΪ
꣡
ֻҩͻȻ㳤Դḥ̂ſ죬춼ݣĿһθߵ°ҧڿУֻʣҵţ
Եֻʿ
ҩ׷ױԴһֻҩθߵʣҲҧסֻ˺ȴûн˺еֻʿýʵнͷֵܽúóԶˣ
ǱҩУЩûжԣֻóԼֵܽã͵ˣ
ʣŵҲſѪ죬Ҷҧȥ׶񣬾ȻԪ۷ʿ

Ҷһͷֻ֣֮̽һһֻͳͳץסɢֱ
ֻֻͼСöɫҩеת
ͬʱθߵҲɢֻҩ飬æӣԼˣ˿£̵ģЩСȻײУЩӳˣ
ҶҲǿЦĵҩѾѱΪߵĴڣǴҩʱСΪ֣컯ʲôã
컯ΪУǧҩƶɣɹʼܹ֮ͣʿΪɸгֵҩ۸ˣ
θߵһ컯Ц˵һŵҩܽҵΪֱԪƷʡȥһĿޣ
ҶɶݣһӦоУΪȴʼϲȥЩ鵤ԶʱڴΪ
ҶϵܣҲҪãΪĻľĵһ٣ֻ¾ǻԪڵĴˣÿһζɽٶҪѰٱθߵɫأ
ҶһݣͷǣЦ֣ȷһöҿŵľǣ׽پжжҲЩס
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θߵſڷһ鵤ʱͷԪӿԪ磬һ׹ɵĴӣӿȣ
Ҷע⵽ԪԽԽΪһֱ߰ٶϼҶȵǣθߵϵĺȻڷ°֮УƤԽԽ󣬼֮䣬ԭѾʮģθߵ£ָֻԭģ
컯ȻӳԪҶ֡
䣡
θߵµΪ㣬ֻԪһ˴ʱ·ĳؿԪһһ
ͻ֮ʱ֮УҲۣɢһɿֲѹ


267 
θߵµΪԴԴϱ컯Ϊۺ񣬽ΪԪƷ֮и࣬߶ԪԪƷ߸ͽ
Ƭڷ۵ƣɫأҶϵܣҪСģƬȻҶͼ֮Уľ̫׽ٿ϶ǣ㣡
Ҷθߵ»Ҫǿϼ֣Ȼϣ̧ͷƿȥֻԽԽͣĸ߶ȣ˿ơ
ѹԽԽǿ൱һȫ̼ױͷ
꣡
һ׵䣬ֱθߵµ֮ϣʱ⽹ͷð̡
һ׵ǿ󣬷·̽ԵĹ
ȴֲĻ꣬Ԫ
ȻľʿƲǵͬʱҲԪĻ꣬вԪ񶼻ᱻ飬ֱ
θߵ½׵ϤܣЦҶϵܣŵľСʥصľתԪͬǴšľ֮ħϼıΪÿһ׽ٶʿ˵ǼΪѵõĴᣬܹǿȣ꣬Ԫֻֿסʱ򣬲ܶױ
Ҷͷ׽ٹʿĻꡢԪԪܰȻȹȷһʵĴʱ
ķȷתԪᲢۣڴԪķϣҪʤһ
һ׵£һ׵ǿֱӽθߵµͷȼһյһɶԴڵ̿һں
θߵ»벻⣬תľӲ٣ҶܵУͶʦǲϵΪֱ궼вٵ׽֮¡ܹɹȹ׽٣ջҲԶʤˣƽ̣˵ʱΪѾﵽ¶Ʒɽٵѳ̶ȣ˲֪ٱΪƽ̵ΪҪߣԶɽٱҪѣ
׽ٵԽԽǿθߵ²˵ȫԶԣֻ˿׵Ѿĳ̼ױʮ׵һ£
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ҶҲ׽֮Уһ׵ͷ׵Լϡ
׵£ԺжʱȻһ죬Ԫ񣬵ȫ̼ȫëԪҲ׵ϴˢһ飡
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ϵܣܳܵסɣ
θߵҧأֻֿ׽ԽԽӦ߳ǵֿסɡֵһ
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ߴҶЦ٣ĺˬ
θߵ·ֻۣҶףǵûκγɫԵԽͷںڣӨ¶ٸְĹ󣬸ûб״ݻ١
ľתԪѾ˿˿ޱȼͣ׽£ͬͷϴһ飬Ǵݲһͨ
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Ԫתɣ
һֱľתԪߣȴΪŹٶȻȻгԪԪʼոΪ׽䣬ȴһתԪĽݾ
Ҷв־ϲľǣ׽٣ƺҲôѣ֮УֱתԪ;
Ԫ񣬳
ԪüķɳһڴǶͼϽ׽ϴ
ҶΪеͣԪԶԶûдﵽԻεĳ̶ȣ޷׽ֻͨ񾵡֮ͨı׷鿴޷֡
Ȼ޷ҶȴܸоԼԪ֮ˮϻ֦룬ͬһֻѴɣгȡ׵֮
ԪĻꡢԪҲзٳɳñȴǰӼͣ״ݻ٣
Ԫǿӣʩչױ׷ñȴǰȻ޷ֱӲȴִܷǶͼţһһ׵չѹơ
䣡
׵ͻȻøܼһ£߷̼ױܣ
θߵɫأƾҲֵסæµĹǼ𣬵ֵס
ҶϵܣؼʱڣֻҪȹױɢʱڣ޷ֿҪױҵױ㶼ǻ׶Σ

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׽һϤܣֻȼ׺ڹ֮ϣθߵиж֣Ҷϵ湻˼Ȼҵֵһ١
ҶվڰУĿһ
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θߵЦһ䣬ҲЩ¸߰Цһ˵ÿһγɹȹ׽٣ҪһʱܶһΣΪ׽ٴݻʿױĴѰƣԱ⡣ϵױڣҵʡ򡣺ãһΣ
һö컯ҩΪ߷ԪƷ۷壬ھƷĹؿϣθߵ漴ַһöʱƹؿٴ׽٣
ҶϵܣԪƷ׽ٱ൱ھų̼ױֵסǰסҲܰʡȥױЦ
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ױҩܵõһǶ㲻У
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268 
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ڴҲͬСɣĴĮļҵĸ춦ӰֱӽڤӽĴ飬˾ߣ˳˳ǧɽͼ
ļҾŶڴˣֻһڣҲ׿ơ
ĳֵӣֻվŶĿʽ˾ż̼Ĵ󶦡
ſڴ߽ʵ޷Ŷȫ߷ֻܷӳĳɵܣ޷Ŷһ
ǾŶʵܼ֮ſڴ󶦵ܴ߷ޣƱؿѹǰ漸㣡
˲ȻĶŶѹסǰ漸㣬ɳתȷԽѹα
ܲɱҶθߵ£ǵˡ
Ͼ֮Ҷθߵг˲ֻ࣬лƲĳôȼ˶ѡ
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Ǻ֮ϣǱ̳֣ɳѹһȦֹͣļСĵǲ
λǿһѹ϶õһȦͣ٣󲻹һ󷨣жֿܵǸ֣

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ĳĿҲǴˣȻ˵˼ЦһҶҪɱеıҲҪȡһǻѹڶǱ㲻òҵ
ſڴ󶦣ȣſڴ󶦴߶ֻſڴԽԽͬһɽڿУΧת
ſڴ󶦵ܱ߷һɹɿֲѹ죡
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ҶĴǶͼҲһ˲⵽ѹͼַΧԽԽСֻ׷Բв֡
ͷȥʱΪ׳۵һĻ
ֻſڴͬɽתХ֮жǿ߷׷վڴΧɵȦУ
⣡ֵ׽δǱ˲ݾŶɱֻǵ˵һȦҵĴǶͼᱻѹ
ҶĿæͼǺǰ쭣
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ԪӿǶͼ֮УֻͼʱٴţҶлҪ
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ַģзִ硣ҶǺЦתľ
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ķ֮ҪǶɽٵʱڣÿߵĴУܹƽȹʵܶȹֻ·һûз̳Ļᣡ
вٵӶ׽֮Уұڣɢ
вŵΪȫͻƣﵽһ㾳磬ȴʼղûаնȹһ׽١
ҶΪѾﵽ°ƷķӦ֣֮㽫ľԪƷ
θߵԦǶͼǰ쭣ܻƲӵ׷һĴѹǺеıȻ̧ͷȥֻǶͼϿգƬڻۣɢƴܣ°ƷһֱԪƷ׽٣Ȼһ֣
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θߵ¶ͷðϸܵ亹Ŵͣ૵ϵܣзִ磿ں׷ͷ߿ƣ²ࣿ
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Ƭƺܿ۳Σ׵֮ڻһ׹Ҵܣž졣
Ƕͼٶ죬ЩȴʼֵͼϿգҶ
θߵ鲻ɽƬƺܿή׽٣Ǵ׵֮У

ҶͻȻһ̳ͬ磬ֻЩƾȻԼߣȥ֮䣬߿Ʊ㱻һͳͳ븹У
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ڶȦһױǺ֮бڣױߣ̼ıһǵμߵ̼ױÿһѷǬ
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Ŵʵ׿ԽĸˣŻὫɷȫЩ˶ǿŴɵĽ
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Щ鵤ԿΪʵȣ粻ȵΪ̫죬ᵼľȣ߻ħ
ЩҶ񲢲ǣʵ;粻ȿӦľȿѪѹħ
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һ·θߵѼʶҶǿ֮ǻõƷ׽٣ҲֱſһƳԵʵޱȡ
ԪһƷ׽٣ȻõƷҪǿҶǰǿֵҲüΪѡ
ΪԪʿ֮;Ҫһؿ׽ҲӿֲֻҪؿ׽ٵС࣬ǰ
ȫ˵ֻҪȹԪһƷ׽٣֮˴׽ٶ׶ȹ
ȻҶΪԪڣңڵΪʼľ׽ٱ׵ڵԪڵĴ٣
һ£Ҷըϡã
Ѷȹһ٣ȹô׽٣ȴӵǿȣתԪҲھתﵽԲĸ߶ȡ
ԪҲޱȼͣԪ֮ǿͣҲﵽֲľء
һУԪһƷ׽ǰƺô
Ҷƴ߶Ԫ¥д޸ˣ޾кոȬ̱漴ٴϣ
ԪڵǴףһ֮дʼĵһף׵ǿһů
ײͣ䣬ҶҲЩԣ̲סôӺǵ׽ٶԿ
סͷҧģӲӲ
ڣͷĽɢȥ
Ҷ˿ڷϣ׽ٵϴ񣬱ǰδеǿ΢΢һڱ㴫¡𶯣ͬһǰģ
ľȻתԪĿǰƲӵ¥Ӳƴٻᱻˣ
ҶϴǶͼ΢Ц֣ˡ
θߵ»Դȹ׽٣⻰ɫ䣬еʲô
ɽˡ
ҶЦ˵մ¥ȡһҩ¯ֱĿ¯ǣץֻЩ㾶ԽЩСԭ鵤ȴǼö컯ЦѵֲΪԼļ˱ѩޣɱʦʦ
θߵ±ɽʱŵõսľѣ⻰ɫʱҧгݵãҸˣ
Ȼϵܣұ׽ҵĴ𣬻ֵң
ҶЦȰڣˡ
θߵ¿ֹûǰôҲܿͻ׽֮¡
ҶͻȻһЦһȪħһż֮ʮԴǿȤĻСܿȡŷȻڸ㡣
θߵ±ףе̵ģ֪ǻȪħڵʮȻȴǸʮĺ˷ţż֮ĻᱻױɣԸҲɣ
̫ϧˡ
Ҷ֣ʮĶ⣬ȻҲ֪ķı׶ˡ
ɫ֣һԴתԪƾ֮ȹ׽Ȼڻ¡תԪΪԪܻ侳磬˶鵤ҩȻһ㡣
θߵ²ϲͶԾתԪ۷ǳǿҶ񲻿ڣҲ˼ҪҾأϵܣ֮ĳûģ
һŹѣˣ
ҶѾתԪһϤڣתԪѶƣθߵ´˿ѾǻԪƷǿߣԻԪƷľԪΪѸ١
൱ھתԪһϪԪƷΪһƬ󺣣ԴעϪȻܿע
ҶԦۣںϲķУθߵڶ̶һʱ֮ڣ㽫תԪǰת޳ɣתҪķѵʱ㿪ʼ
ʵľ׽٣תԪ;
Ҷ޲׺̲סѵ֮ܽԪڶڶ̶ʱɣľ׽ٴ塣
θߵЩԾԾԣһö컯ʱΪͻƣһƷ׽٣
׽ٶ˵Щѣ˾תԪҲƤ׽ٵ˺ڣ뷢ܴ̣ͬθߵ±ˣɼǣ
ҿסˣ
θߵҲ̲סæ׳ش󶦣ͻȻһֻԪִһ̽Խڴץߣʱк£ýһƬ
ϵܣѶңĿסˣ
ҶЦû£ڣˡ
׽ټθߵһ齹̿ձҪС׽ڹȥθߵһڱ֮УϢϲ׽ٹȻתԪ;ҵԪѾתˣ
ҶԴι鵤ֶɹһЩԪΪˣȥЦǵȻǰҲ֪;Ԫޱȣÿһ綼ҪѲ֪ʱ䡣
θߵ¾ϵܣҳԵʲôҩ
Ȼ컯Ϊ˵һƷҪ磬һöҩѾһЩ
Ҷ̧ͷϿտȥֻٴۣЦ֣Ͽ׽ˡ
ӻᱻ㺦θߵŭһæԾӲͷƤԿ׽١
ҶһԿýζЦˬࡣ
θߵٴζȹһ׽٣Ūñˣһڱ֮УָҲ޷һ¡
ҶȻһΪˣĿ飬ʮö컯漴ȥɽ١
θߵ±ڵȥ컯һ̲סŻµĸоԭпɰ쳣ĵҩҲֲ
ΪʵҲַ˵ĴݲͻǣǿתԪһھתľأ
ٶȣҶֲ˲֪٣
ΪҲƷʦַƽ
Ҷ㴫תԪڶθߵͻȻȡҶƽ֮ƽֵҶϵܣ֮㣬ʱ뿪һˡ
Ҷ½ֻ֮θߵɫ㣬ȴɱɭȻʱ֪е뷨⼸ҼԦɡٶһֱ첻ʼǱԶɱҲɱ㡣֣ûʮİգ
θߵ¹Цɣһӣһ֮ʦֵͷ­㣡
󲽿ۣ󷽷ȥ
ҶͣĿ뿪ĵһôʱ䣬ƲĳӦҲ׷ˡҲãô˻Ὣһ
Ƭ̣һõ¥ʻҶߣƲĳվڴͷͬʹƿն


273 Կ
Ʋĳ֣Ҷû뵽飬ɫ
ƲԪǿߣ뿪ȪħʱҶǰ·һͯһˡ
ȻҶʵθߵ֣޷˿⣬ڽ֮УƵ
ĳΪȻûԪҲǵڵĸ֣ļʮ֮мŲǰҲܽǰ壬ʵ̣ȻȪħڵһ˿ѷ
߳ˣǵڣҲڻƲӵԪڣ
οļҾŶĪ⣬ѹˮɽ׾ŷ󶼿ǿѹѶԸ
һˣҶôҲ߷ֵİգ֣һֵİҲûС
ǶǱһ𣬴˿ȴΪҶг
Ҳ˵һ˾޷ҶԲѡ֡
һսֻ»ˡ
Ҷ񲻽üڻƲӣаնԸĳһˣҲƾ;Ŷ⡣
֣ͳûޡ
ĳѾļҾŶĹ񣬶ԼľŶſڴ󶦣ԽΪѹȫױûô֮еᦶ޷ã
ĳľŶܹѹᦣʵһӱ㱻һ룡
Ʋӵ˵ʵĳӵѹΪױľŶһսȻδʼҶбһС
һֱǿױԵȡʤٴļҵľŶɸоţ
ŶһֱӴʵľתԪҲھתĸ߶ȣǿȴûױ֧ţ൱ڱԭΡ
ΪΪ
Ҷ񳤳˿оⱩ䣺ΪٴԾŶһҪţ
Ҷʦ壬߻ü
¥ҶıԽԽҶǰ֮أͣ¡
Ʋվڴͷ¶ı飬ֵʦ壬㽻ôʱ䣬ĳʦĲǺʵʣȫԳΪһĵӣЦ£֮λҲûпܣĳвԸָһʦΥ֮䣬עֻܻһ
ҶɫһҲֻ΢Цʦֶ壬ٱҲݴʦΪǰ£ΪɾͿ϶ֹڴˡ
ĳЦҶٱ˵棬ڡ
ҶȻ֪У΢ЦλܵܣĽ׺˷Ҳô˵
˻֣·ڶ˷ɵĲӬȻǶˣֻֻ˽µĲӬһ
ĳͫ׽ЦɭȻ˷˵Ҳˣ̫๼ҵܵĽףʼѣһҪɫɾͿ϶Ƿɱ񼫣ˡ
󲽴¥߳һҶɱڣֱһڿڴ󶦴߲黯ٱ¥зɳѹؾŷ
֣һսΪѹҪִ֪ļң׻һԲû
ƲĬȻվڴͷ˿
ĳҶĿɭȻЦҼĽľŶ׻ʾǶǣȻǿȴȻʧȥ׻ʾıĿǵ˷ǸС֣֮ǰʶһ£ľŶ׻ʾ
ſڴͷƯÿһڴ֮УһԪӣȣ죡
ļҵľŶ׻ʾŶݣſڴ󶦸̺һԪӣ൱ھڵǿߣ
һڿڴѹ£ҶֻԪ̣Ŀռ䶼ѹһ壡
ͷĽɫͻȻࣵһŶѹصܾͬݷ
ڣһپʮҲƣǶͼǣޱȼѣ
Ŷһѹĳɵʵ
Ҷ˿ĳľŶδ׽ѹһپʮɿԴͼмȡΪṩͷ
ǹķͬСɣļҵľŶ׻ʾѷɫ
һսз̵Ŀܣ
ĳ߳ԽԽǿգĿľŶ׻ʾԪޱȻΪ൱ھͬĸ֣ԪǾŴԪԪ񣬾ǾŴԪļҾŶ׻ʾ侫ϵ£ΨҶһçСӣȻҲļң
ŶХѹ£Ҷֻѹռƺб˺Σգ·Ҫſռѣ
ľŶ׻ʾĽס˷еľŶ׻ʾͬն
Ŷ׻ʾ׻ʿٵķ׷ַʵڿֲȻ൱ھͬǿߺΪ
Ҷ񳤳˿Ԫתͼ߶ŶȴԪ޷뿪壬ľŶ̥˷ľŶ׻ʾȱȫȻĽܴʤǰϾвȱĳľŶ׻ʾȣкܴĲ࣡

ҶȡӣסӣײһڴӲƴһǣ漴ײֻħ𶯣
·ĺ棬ֵನֻʮĺ棬ͻȻȥһΣ׷ԲʮȣԿף
ţɢͻȻȥһΣҲޱӴ
а֮ڵĺޡ壬ͳͳսನһըеɽͣҲನɨƽ
Ҷ޷߶ӵܣֻܿӱԼ⣬ֵĺǼࡣ
ĳ൱ھŸǿߣһ˱ھ֣׷ȻĶеɱһɽֻܱһ̣
ǣĳʵǿŶѹΪױ޷׷Ҳʩչɡֱﶼܶãܹõֶβ࣡
Ҷٱҽ֮󣬲ٵᱣһ˿꣬ƳһױĿҲϣ
ĳݾſڴ󶦲ҶȥվڿУһɷƵ
ǻƲҲò˵ʵȷʵߣļҵľŶ׻ʾȷʵƾ׷׷ķ֮
ҶЦͻȻӣһȭˮˣ漴ֻһץеĵضһ㱧𣬵һݺ
ĳֶεȷǿҪɱңԶԶ
Ȼ޷ԪǿᣬʩչֶΣȻضץסֻ裬Ϯһڿڴײ·ɣ
Ҷͬһͷŭеͻ̽һֻ֣춦ץס˫ָץסһڴ󶦣ɾ޴·ɣĳȥ
ĳ߶Ԫͼ춦ضҶƿأҶεȸͣԪ޷Ҷ˫֣
ҶͬԪΰƥɽժǳ
㱻ѹΪɿϹޣ
Ҷߵĸǰضݺ£ҵǿ׳ľŶ׻ʾҲĳſڴ󶦣Ǹͱ
ҶĳĶҳ⽴


274 ҳ⽴
ĳ־ŭæˣʣ߿ڴΧ裬סƴֵҶĹ
ľŶ׻ʾϾſڴ󶦣ȷƥѹҶԪױ׷һͨ޷ʩչȴѹ
ҶؼӳɣһдһľתԪСʥص֮ħдһľ
ǹᦣ֮У֧ṩױȵͷ
ؼӳɣǿ󣬿ԪڵȻΪѹΰƥ
׻ɽ϶Ϊһ
ĳɫǺ죬ͻȻſһԪ׶ɽڴ֣ǿ۳һڴ󶦣ڴ󶦶£һ䣬ͷҶͬضס
СӣȻѲȻܱʹУ
ĳ˿ڴݺݵҳȫ㣬һӲ
߶Ԫֻڴ󶦷ԲףһԪӻɽӰζݣһɽȻ׹䣬һԪӻޱߵĻƷϯֻһ֣ȼա
һԪӻǧͬһѰУȥи
һ֮ǾŶ׻ʾеһ÷ţŶ׻ʾߵļɣǾŶһѹһС
Ҷ˷мּɵĳΣ˷ʹõļ׷ξ޴󣬶ĳʹõȴ׷ױһѶȲٱ
ĳı£ҲֻһûгʵŶΪһ塣
ˣһɼΪǿױԽһ̼ױԽԪڵĸ
ĳֶΣϵһλԪڵɻҽҲʮеĴ󷧣ԴϹ֮ʱļҵжԣҵĵƾãλ׻ʵѹ񣬿ɼʵС
ǷԪڵ꣬Ҳĳɻңһܣɼһߣ
ԭʹžУҶʵ̫ͣȻضӲƴ·磬Ƶòѹ׵ľѧ
ˣ
дҵײ͹һ飬ȴ춦״
ˣ
ٴιһ飬ǵض״
ˣˣˣ
Ҷض򶦱ȥڴҵͬһ㣬ɽͬʱҶԼеضҲá
˷ðɣ֣࣬ĴѰϣƳſڴ󶦣Ϊ۵ıǮȻСŪڣ
ɽڴ󶦲δױ٣ǱҶУֻҪºԼȻ»ָԭеܡ
֮УҶһɽӰѹٲά裬׵䣬գ׵˿ûãֻĳԪĴɽӰܽס
ӶضӲʮɽӰӶض񴸻ڣ˷Ķǡ
Сӵʲôģ޷ѵ˻ȪħڳõʮϧҲڤʮֱӾͿ԰ˣ
ƲӿĳͷöȻϵܣ費Ҫæ
ĳЦΪԸȻڻֳ֣ҾſڴֻڣɵΪʵʹȫɱСӣͬһֻϣ
ƲĬȻ
ĳ˵ûȷֻɵΪȴɵʵضѾҶ֣֮˵ɵΪѾϵ
ȻˮĶ֣Ҫ뵽ɽ֮У߶һȴûֶΡ
Ҷʮػ󶦴ƣĳԥæߺһֻˮϲڴ󶦣סˮɽ׺ϲǿڴ֮УҶѹ£
˴ονʹȫǻƲǿߣҲѹ
޷ѹ㣿ĿʧȥյķȺȣЦ
ȴڴʱֻһ·ʲôʲôأĳʱֻſڴͳͳܿƣԴӿе䣬Ȼ׹뺣У
ʲô£
ʧɫ߶ԪǾſڴȴ·ţ뺣Ϣ
Ƭֻ̣лһӰۣȽȽ
Ҷֳضƺˣ΢Ц֣߿ڴ󶦣Ѿýѹںסض֣㻹ʲôֶΣ
ĳһɫš
Ҷ˵ĽţλԪʼħڵǿƵױһǰĲ㶼ͳͳѹ֣ǵױͳͳ޷
ţޱȣ˵Ҷ޷𣬱ԪڵǿߣԪ֮УҲýźһ£
ҶŴ¥жӵ֮Уѹ󶦣ѹסˮˮѹסɽ׶߿ڴ󶦱ѹס޷
ضҶУأ
֡
ͷƲӿȥҪȣҶһͬһŭХȥ
֣˵ҶĳҪĶҳ⽴ʳԣ
Ҷбȣͬը죬ضһһ£Ȼ£
ƲӼԦ¥ҶײĿһ˲㽫¥ܴ߶ͬ㸲ˮҲ𣬱һߴɣȵˮǽֱ¥֮
һȫǣ󺣵ܣݺҶײȥΧκԣҶģϾԸĳ

Ҷײ¥Ӷضݺ£ĳм䣬ֻһ㽫ļҵĳɫӵܣҳ⽴
䣡
¥ЮƶݺײҶϣʱһ춯صľ죬¥󷽵ˮǽȻ飬˴¥ǰ˳ͬžѩ׵ĳһֱ֮ſ£׹뺣
ҶҲһײɳʮֻڴصı죬һᦱӲײ⣬Χ裬С
ЩͻȻֻ죬ûѨ֮С
۵˿Ѫش΢ͷһֽɫȽȽ𣬴޸ơ
֮УһѰɡ򿪣ۼӽƷɳҶġ
ۣ
Ӹ֣Ҷͷɽͣת
Ҷֳɡͷӣ̧ͷԶȥֻƲӼԦ¥ڣײ
ʦֶûĳڣκβңرʹ߾ߣ˵㻹ҵС
Ҷ񵭵ֺαضһ٣
Ʋޱ飬Ԧ¥ײʦͬһ㣬ɽ˼֮ĳɲӣĳҲҪҶʦᣬʦУ
һֱǰԪͷ߶¥磬Ʋң
壬ΪκТȫħ֮ʵټ֪ʦ᲻㣿
Ҷ̾ϢһĿ΢΢ζƲһֻһɫմԼ˫ȵϥǴ
ƺһ¥֮УԦ¥Х𣬳ƳնȥֻСȺһƬѪ꣬׹ȥ
Ҷ񵭵ʦֶһ᲻ɱ㣬ǷȥҺ뿴һʧȥ֮κ᲻ỹͬӣΪ˫ȣ


275 ǧﴫ
֪ĳ¥УûоŶ׻ʾȫҶֽƲӵ˫£΢һ˫ȱ⣬̷ĳɥ֮Ǳ뺣ףѰҵĳѰŶ׻ʾ䡣
Ƭ̣Ǳˮ棬ĳ¥ȻĲϺױȴûоŶ׻ʾ
Ҷ񲻽üܻþŶ׻ʾȫľŶƣٴļҵˣ㲻ٻᱻѹΪš
ĳȻûнŶ׻ʾϣЩʧ
ȻԵʶŶ׻ʾȫǵõľſڴ󶦣ҲԴſڴ󶦵ĹУŶ׻ʾݵ߰˰ˣȫԽҵľŶٴһΣ
Ҷض¥֮УֻθߵºХȻˣȴŲ֪Ǳϲɫ
Ҷ񿴵ı飬֪϶ѾɥС
ʵӦθߵ࣬θߵһսŽնɱ
ִñǿϲɺءҶЦ
θߵ½ľķʦ׶ԸʦȴһͷǰһɽҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬲ܽɽ
Ҷ̾˿θߵµʦŵһǿߣʵɲ⣬пһûбʵ
Ҷϵܣӭʦֵʱ򣬿Ʋĳһֱأθߵ¶ɻֵ
ҶЦĳƲӱһ˶ߡ֣űҶ˳һ˿Ҫͷæ
θߵкȻЦĳƲӶˣҵʵҪʤһ㾹ȻܻɱһˣˣҶϵܣΪƷĸ߶ȣʵѾ㲢磬û뵽ǲ㡣
ľ;תԪΪǿ󣬵ȷԿĳͻƲӣȴ޷ʤֻܱ
ҶܽĳͻƲӻСˣθߵԼֶΡ
ҶʱȫֶξʩչҲࡣҶǫѷ
θߵЦ㲻ǫ飬ڵʵŵƽ̵˿ѷƽͣΪʱҲδս
Ǳ뺣ףſҶ¥У漴Ҷʣµ߿ڴ뿪ϣ뿪󺣣ݾء
ҶǰɽϤľ£ипǧ뿪Ѿнʱ䣬Լߣƣӵ嶾̵ɽΪȪħڵĹǷ
Լ뿪ʱΪԪԪڣȴ澳ڣٶ˿ԳƵϽ٣Ŵɵĵȣ㲻Ѹ١
θߵɽѰһѨ˾£صǧ֮Ƭ̣Ե˵Ķ
Ҷոս̤ʵأ߱һֻһͷȻһֲڵͷġ
һƥ峤ɣ鲼ѼСĳɫۣǴ̽Ĥ絶ͨͬצͬצҲôһ֮ǵҶ߲˲䡣
ɲһȻϵҡ
ҶкǻϲɲѾȻҲڵΪòпɲԱϾ֣ѪԴָΪ٣
ԵҲҶθߵ£̴ӶзɳȻϲ͵ܣȻ㣬˵ΪθɲԼܳأ
ҶΪȴǰӿֲȻԵʱΪ治СЦ磬Щһֱûгţ
ţżаٻعǰƷ۵
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Ҷһθߵ»æ쳣ҶϵܵĴ磬ȻһͷϹֵԣΪֲ쳣Ѿ̥ҶϵܳΪ磬ѵֵܣѹҶϵܵ˱뺷϶֣ѪӽףҲҪѰһĸԻĸһѵ̶̶
Ȼ͵ֵܵܣǾҵĵܵܡԵЦ
θߵдϲڵ±ڲݵĵɷֻ֮ɫɷ֮ڵصױƺԶԶܸоصѹи𾪣ɷ֮˵ؾȻһɷ֮ҼΪ
ؾɷ֮УˮɽɷѰңɷȽϺɷɷϡС
ŴɣɷɷеľͷԶ֣ðɽŲֱͨӽɷǨߣյԼ֮Уӡأײᶯã
ֻкɷԪ̥ʱŲŻȡɷ
ɷɷ֮ɼһߡ
ڴ˵أȻһĵɷθߵ¿˶һʧǡ
ҶԵϸϸ˵Լ⣬Ц磬ֵܵӦиͬͬСǻȪħڵĳϣӵһɽ׷ķɽȻģԶԶȲҵĹǷ壬СܴǴӴһȥǷ
Ե˳Ƭ̣ЩǷ˸ȷǸıأɷû㹻ķߣЩϧ
ҶЦһɷѣֲʲô˲ĶҲͶˣ
Ե˵ͷǾͰˣһǰǷ塣
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ԵģЦ֮ѣò𣬶ҲܣֵС˴С֣
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Ҷæϣֻɲಽ΢ƥϣɲԻ˻һ
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ٹӦǰɣҺһʱûмˡ
ҶͻȻԪңħæȡѪУѹħЦ磬ղֶΣǧﴫô

ԵЦһֱȽȤ׷ѣѧһ׷ǧۣԪһֻ򣬷ɳǧ֮⣬Ŀ棬˺͵ѧҿԽ㡣
Ҷϲ׷ȻСţȴǼΪõ׷


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ЩУɡɶͼᦺͽţԼ֮£ıӣ
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Ʋһӵ֪׷ɱҶʱҶӵֵס¥ػУ˲֪ٸ֣⻹ҶʱΪͣԷܵΡ
ڻƲӵУȫӣԭ¥ܣҪǿ
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ҶջؽϺͱϵĹ£ԺĹ½ͻȻֳ͵رǣһɫͻȻ˱зѳɫθԺ΢΢ζ
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ױʱķԪ൱һԪİ֣
ʿսʱԪķѾң˵ЩʿƵҩԲΪսУ˭ҩĻ᣿
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ħУҶһɽѹɫɽռݣԳƴһ
ϾʱڹɲԺʱʱȥ磬͵Ƶĵҩ
ͷܣһѺ֣ѹեļֵȥʯԺѰϳ˵ĵ鵤Ҷĵ
УɲԺϷˮ˷ˣ˸ɲԣҲ֣֮ԵĺѾצӣ
ѪͳȸɲԻҪ࣬ΪҲڡ
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Ҷ΢ֻͬҶ˵һ˱ֵĴģ˱ֵĿȱ֮ƺҪڴ˵档
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Ҷɵ󻨸ŷֻģȻһСɵĹȻһңֺϸСĿȥвһͻ鹬
ѵ۾סĹ
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Ҷ̽鹬ץȥֻԼ̽ԽԽС΢ϻзȥ
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ͷȥֻǶϻĻ·һɽ鹬Χһȣ
ҶҲ֮ƣ˶ޱȣ
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ҶޱĶȥ֮ϡ
һ̣з·ʲô·Լɸ߸ϵۣȨӵкޱߵķƿ
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Ҳǻ󣡡
ҶһɫԪץȥöԪͻȻֽ⣬ֺӿĴ֮Уһķ
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Ҷ񲻽ԪʼǶһȻҲһŲȱĽ
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ڵһױƷױ鲼ǳҪĲ֮࣬ԶԶᦺʹ֮ϣֱ˵Ǹ֣
鲼ǶôǶͼƣһҪĴѰǳԪžʯ
Ҷ̾˿˳¥ռ䣬ĵĲ϶˵ϢʲôȼĲϣôû˵


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Ҷ뿪¥ռ֮ȡһ¥Ԫ澭ǰǣԪԪ˴λǵһμȡ
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ҸղһΣķаٷ֮һ߳ɰ˳ɵ޷Ԫ澭գһ̫ͣãû˷ѵĶࡣ
ʵ߰˳ɵʵϵҲһܵͣʿҲЩ
Ԫ澭˵߰˳ɵ޷ա
ķſ̡̬Ҫ
Ҷ΢΢ü漴ȡһȴڹǷ̫ϳϵ׻ȡĶ
ԶԶһżȡֶ֮Уɵ޷գԪ澭Ϊ
ңһͷ۵顣
ǾǣתԪ澭ľŵԪӣҲڲˮнɵԪʧųȥ
൱ڣҶΪһˮ֮࣡
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ҶüͷǶٶҲǼ죬Ԫ澭ٶȻҪ첻٣˵ȴѾʹá
ΪǶԪߣҪֱˮһ룬Ԫ澭Ԫ
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ӸķҲиӿ̵Ҫͨһ׶յĻ˷ѣֻǿá
Ҷ̾˿ڹǷɽ֮УҲޣٶȼ죬;ŵԪӣҪ˵Ĳ֪ٱ
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ҶһۣٴȰӢѾаˡ


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Ҷƽ֮ȻΪϸСҲǼǿκԪҲпϧκΪʵ̫󣬴òɹȻпͷȴҲý֮ƿأκߡ
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ǧʿ֣ȻнԪڵʵص󷨣ʵǿֲǴҶ񿴵һĻĵ


287 һȭ
ͳǧʿλҲһλ֣Ԫ˿ңָʹӦѾѵá
ҶƬ̣жԴ˽⣺ؾľ񣬵Եʵߣһ𣬾һɿֲԽ࣬ʵԽǿ־еļɣʺǿʿ˵սʿΪû˿洦ֻʺϴģս
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ĺңҲʮ֮һʵȲĽݼңҲвӵؾְ

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ҶվǿڵǰſһֻڵԽԽСһ븹ڣʮת˲֮У
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ԲϿĽܣݣҶۣȴҶΪߣǵڵʿв죬ֵҶлһ·չСŮĳһ棬Ҫڴ˵ض֡
ҶƽڻЦңҶֵĻҶĳҲ裬ˡ
ԲͷλĳĿˣλĳһ棬֮ڣҺͺҪ֣
ﷶΧ漴ƳĽݴһۣĽݼҵļλҲ⡣
ĽݴҶ໰
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Ҷ빬ȥϷɽɫ粻Ľݴ˵ɫѿ
ʦ֣Сɱλ磬ѵţĽݴʵڶ̲סϷɽԹ
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ϷɽЦλ뿴ҪɱѴ֮
δ䣬ֻҶعͷĿɭ
Ϸɽһͻ֪æͭͭոշֻҶһȭ䴩ȭͷϣԪһȭҵ÷飬һѪ
ĶʵҲڤʮң
ҶɭȻҵʮѾأأ


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ϷɽüΪԩԪڵΪ㲻Ҷ񣬵Ҳ֧Ųٻغϡ
һڤʮҶûнȫʵҶ˱Ҷһȭ
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ɫ䣬ԲҲͷոշ֮нֹ֣䣬Ҷ㽫һԪڵĸһȭɫЩѿ
ϵλʦ壬ȻֻеڵΪʵȴ൱ȻԪڵĺҲһȭСа
ҶһѽϷɽͭץУһϷɽղͳͳֽͭӢЦӢ¥κˣͭȥãȻױһȭ򻵣Լ޸
Ӣдϲæ£лѡ
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Ув֪ʮ֮˫۷Ź⣬ضסͬڿһƶױ
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˵ɭȻ֮ڣ˭ҶҶϵܣҹȥĳնģؾųǣ˶

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Բ뿪֮Ͽ˰Ҷڲס£һãĺüô˶ǻֻһأв֪ɱ
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Ӣ̾ϢҲҲ֪βӹһ١
˶һۣĬĬǰ;
Ҷ񵭵һЦЩǴԸң޹أʱһ˹ǣڴ˵أϿߣû˸Ϊǡ
¶ɭȻɱЩƳױѰ·
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ܻܲ뿪أɱЩһȫˣ
ҶһԺֳ˱ֵرڹ⣬Х«е䣡


289 һϣ
֮Ҷ߳ţ뿪ȥ֪ʿ׷׾վڸߴȥЩ˽ͷӶ۷׷ףǸǻȪħڵķᣬ»ûʮɣ
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ҶɲǰȥͷҲûлأƺδһֻɫ֣ȴץλȪħڵӵղأٿص¥֮С

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ܹԪĶǾͷС֮Уһ֮Ͳ󣬾нֵʵʵ壡

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Ԫɫ΢䣬Ҷ񣺡СʥصĻԪôȷǺǿҵĶ֡ĴĮУɱһСʥصĵӣҲͻԪĸ֣еõķ
ЦķΪķԪΪòʧ
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ͻȻһȪʥڵλ̨λܰѴøңĽݼ£޲λһ顣
Ҷѭȥֻһӻ߽أУòϣŭĽݴ˸󣬱ϹϾȻĽݼҵһֱ֣ĽݴҪߡ
£ĽɽԪɫ΢䡣
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Ҷ΢΢һЦͻȻԪ๫Ľɽˣһϰɡ
˴˴¶֮ɫ
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ĽɽҲ¶ŭɫЦ
ҶЦ˵һϡҸʱ䣬һԽͳͳ鷳
Ҷٱ㻹ΪһȪʥһĸˣԪɫ䡣
ĽɽȻĽݼңûкͱֵϰߡ
๫Цֳսꪣ죬ңңָҶ񣬴ЦΪҿû뵽˾ȻҸ񣡺ããǷҶƾ仰Ҳױһꪽ
ǰֳꪣͬһͷʨһƺǣأһҶѹȥʨӲãȫҶٱȻʵң㽻֣ҲȫʩչֻҪܽһУұתߣһ·
ƾ춯أɢռŤֻһݱŤȻ


290 һ
ƣԪĽɽΪ֮ɫ䣬ж๫ָ˼֡
๫ҶԽԽ˫סսꪣ߾ٹͷÿǰ߳һƱ㱩һ֡
ԽԽǿͬ󺣣Ȱľ죬Ҷŭ֮еһҶۣƺʱܱ˺Ƭ
๫Ҷֻаಽʱ𵽼㣬һСúɫĤ̥뵽ս֮У
νĤ̥ԵΪĤԪΪ̥̺ޱȿֲűԪڸǿΪʵ
һĤ̥һƷʿԺɨһȺԪڸ֣
Ĥ̥뵽ս֮๫ƶʱһǣȸղŻҪֲһ£
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ȷʵ˵ʨӲã߾ȫǶԸСĵˣҲҪʩչԼǿֶΣԷκη̵Ļᣡ
䣡
޾İ׹⽫Ҷû׹ֳ֮һɫӺƴľ죬ط·̺һҶ
׹һĨɫɢȥ๫ȻڳУֻҶվԭأƺʲôҲû
ǣȴӿһ˿ѪȻղһ˲䣬๫ĽУ˲ᡣ
๫ԶԶҶʦ壬ʵ֮󣬱ر֮𣡡
ۼ⣬ֳһƬѪ˶ϵսꪡ
๫ˣ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ȫħĵʮλӣ޾䣬ԽսƵ๫๫ӣȻһ֮£㱻Ҷˣ
ղǵ⾿ʲôȻܰ๫ҲˣƵòߣ
˭֪Ҹղֻʿ׹һɫо촫Ѫ

УԲվϿգ¶ݡ
ղŵһĻûп壬ȴӲ۾๫սʱҶͻȻһš
ųʮףҶס๫ɨֻһ㽫๫սɨϣϣ๫ɨɣ㽫ķɳʮԶ
Ҷ๫ɨ֮ȻҲܵƣ漴𣬰׹ɢȥûж˿ʹõľʲô
ţǵʿƳױ񾳸֣ҲƲر
Բ֣ţ๫ɨɣֻ˾ˣҶȻֽܳˣ֮ǿȷ
ҶվԭأĨȥǵѪԪĽɽˣ΢ЦҸղ˵һ֣鷳ٸһᣬһϰɣҽͳͳƽ
Ԫо첻ɫء
๫Ϊʵ޼ֵĻûǧغϣ޷ֳʤҶȻһ֮£㽫๫ɨѪɼУƱƿһΪ˵ı
һױѣ͸ҵҵ֪ߵغ񣡡
ĽɽЦһǰȥͷĤֳ̥һɭȻѪɱȻɳһر๫սꪻҪˡ
ĽݼҵһеĽѪսҪʤ֪ٱ
еĽԽԽԽԽ֣ͬƺҲܵЦ๫ǻȪʥĽ˿ȸȻͷ죬Ǹ廨ͷпãСӣʶʶ̥Ĥ̥ڵǿߣӦеʵ
㻰̫ˣ
ҶͻȻһţΪȣݺ£
ĽɽæӶӭϣЦ̣ųʮףҵĽĽųףʮ
ͣ
ҶĽͬһ㣬ֱӸ£Ľɽɫ䣬һԣѹϣѹáͣڵ棬ֻдϢ
ҶƺһѪ˿
ƾһױѹסң
ĽɽҵѪѣŭĤ̥뵽֮У˫ֳŵأƺҪվ

ſڴ󶦷ڽ֮ϣѹ塣
֮еˣĿ࣬þ๫ˣϾֻǻȪħڵĺ֮㣬ĽɽȴǾøʢһ̥ǿߣû뵽Ҷ֣ûʹֱӱѹùʺһڵϣҲ޷
ѹң֮󣬽Ľɽŭ
Ѿѹ
ҶѪ߹ȥ̧ŲϣԴȵǶ棬˵
Ҷٱֵˡ
ԪЦǰȥƽǣг֮ɫû뵽ԪӮңĽѹĽɽֱҵڤʮƣˣҵҪʲôֶԸң
Ҷ³һѪ̵̧ͷ΢ЦҪɱ㣬趯ױһܵ㣡
Ԫ˴ͻȻЦЦһ͵ңΪʦҰҰ
еʿ⻰ҡͷһһ̥ǿߣֱˡ
ԲҲҡͷʧЦĵһ̥ܵǿߣҪΪֲ֪λҶ˵ЦҶԪɱˣױţҵ׶ỹǲᡭ
ԥҶţ޷ƳıһʴƸܲġ
Ҷ֮ҶֶϿжᡣԪУ˳ĽŶߡ
Ҷ񻺻˫ִۣԲʦֶ۾ʱڣ
װŪ
ԪһȥͷĤ̥һױĤ̥иֳͬһ޴ĺɫĥ̡ķħ̼ĽŽ֮һħʾɫḥ̂ħʾмصױħ֣
ΨҶֶΣֱӽħּ𣬻ס
Ҷٱڣһĵңҽױ
ڱȣʩչڤʮ˵İĹξԷҶͷ£
ͬʱҶȻ˫ۣ֮зɳһɫ⣬ȴɳһɫ⣬ͬߴӰзɹݺи

ͣ
Ԫ˫ȶȥæħֻ֣һһɨħг꣡
ͷδֹĲӴй
˵Ҫһ۵㣬õڶۡ
Ҷ񵭵˫ֻۣ⻺۾ԽԽϸСʧ
۾ױϣѪ˳£ʱ䣬ǿԼ۾֮Уʵ̫óȻã帺ɣ۾ŻѪ
˼ѪᣬȻ


291 ʥ
Ҷٴ۾ʱǰЩģʱ䣬Żָһʹĸ̫ײɶãпܻٵҵ˫ۣ
Ѿû۾֮У޷⾿ںδϸ۲죬ֶܷߡ
˫۵֮ͫУһһϸϸͬСĺڰ˫ԣͫζ
۾֮ԪԴŻӲϻ䣬˵ڳ֮У漴¥ֽ⣬¥еĲ϶ѻɽʬ
Ԫ˺غսɱ˲ʿ˲֪ٲƸһɫոմ¥صףͬһɫ򾣡
Ҳ׷֮С
һǶʤԸŸɵʿ֪жۺ죡
˶ĲƸûһ˵춯Ҷһ๫ˣһ۵ԪһѹĽɽλ̥Ĥ̥ڵǿߣǰͬͯһ˵ѹѹ˿ûжٸѰĻ
ҶЩϺͳͳΪ⣺ҵԪ澭һ¥õڶڻ£ֻҪҵΪԽߣĸɱԽС
ֽ๫ϵսˣĽɽȥ
ĽɽԴаγҶģɱңǷ͢ҪԴصŭ𣡶ǶʽµĴ󽫣ɱңʽҲŹ㣡
죡
Ҷ̧ŲסԴٴνУЦöѹңΪʵߣҲ
Բ֪϶ǴĽɽ¶֣æҶϵܣˣĽɽǳ͢עڼĽɱֻ³͢ŭʱȫµʿҪͨ㣬޴
лģзִ硣Ҷ̧ͷһۣ
漴ſڴ˫ֱš
ĽɽڵлѪЦ˶Ϊ㻹ҷ͢ʽû뵽ҲǸ廨ͷ
䣡
ٴ£ҷڵء
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Ҷĳһˣ̧͢ͶѹңΪҲɱ㣬ƫƫ㣡
Բ״ֹ̾˿û
ҶĽɽղأͬҶϵĽҲͳͳˣ̧ͷԲֵлȫ
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Ȼ˵ôȻ̻Ҷ֮⣬֪ԲĹ˽ڱԽҶ¡
ҶȻܻ๫նɱԪĽɽϾױ񾳵ǿߣĺ蹵
Ҷٴֳ֣һѩ׵ɡתȥ
ϵĲƸϧѰ·
ҡͷ̾ϢκħͷڹֻҪأֻ¾ڣ
ôĲƸκ֣֮϶ûǵķݶˡ
ϧǿϧܵõϵĲƸҵʵܷ
вԸŸɵľӢȻ뿪أĴĮȥҶܴκӳ죬͵Ϯ
Ҷ޶ã֪ԼѾΪеģ˭ҧһڣЩ˵Ϊ๫ּ𣬶ԼвԶκ
κ񾳵ǿߣԪҺĲ̫ˡ
ҶɫأֳɡأµĻɳɳɳ죬ǰһ޼ʵĴĮХŹˣƺܽڵˮֳɣ
ףκôûг֣
Ҷվڻɳ֮ϣĿɨȥֻɳأһбԶ𣬽ӰúܳͶɳĮ֮С
ǰȥСĽУ߳ʱκû¶档
֣ѵκڣʲô飬˲ɱҶ뿪أ
Ҷк֣ɳĮǰУɳʮأͻȻᵽŨҵѪ΢ȻǰֻֻҰΧһţڿʮʬ塣
Щʬ忴װħˣҲˣΪ֮ڳʬҰǣȴҰûЩʬЩҰǸ˺ҧ
˵ؾֻвʮ·̣ôôʿеĸֶûз
Ҷо֣ʿʬ֮زԶЩʿڴ˵شսеĸƱػûκ˴鿴ֻ˵еսûзЩʿһ˲䱻ɱ
ȺȺǱ׷ߣǺȥ
Ҷϸϸ鿴Щʬ壬вȻֻЩʬ嶼ǱնпƽƽɾûжõڶС
еʬ鿴һ飬и𾪣оȻлȪħڡڡŵȴɵĵӣҲǱնɱûһڡ
һУֻһУ㽫ɱ⣡
ֶΣϢûоеĸ֣Ҷʾ
ɳ֮ϣôʬ壬ûһױһ˿ϣ˵ɱô׵֮󣬽¥бղͳͳѹΡ
Ϣɱôĸ֣ѹ˶ıһҪݣ
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ʲôʲô£κرħͷҲ˹ȥ
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Ҷɫأüͷ
ˣߣߣ
ʮʿӸ߿շɹɫҴңĮȥûע⵽·ҶһȺ۷׷ףصİ׾ĹĮ󺺵үսһƬż˵ʵı⣬ʥأ
ԭԶʱ֮ʻùµĲƪķڴɵΪ׻ʣ˵ǰǧɽͼļҲ̲סþŶ˴ιسȥĻһڲиҲֲ
ʥس϶в֪ٱѷǧɽͼױŸɿ϶֣˵غҲͣսɳ֣ʥ֮УѰʵĲƸǱϿȥ
ҶڶУвȻʣأ


292 մŮ
ǧɽͼƵıչǧһرħߵĵλҪ֪߳
Ҷͼ֮Уջ˲ٱ
ʥسеıֻ²ѷħ򡣲бħΣնˡҶƬ̣ƮƮЩʿ
ʥؾҲֻҪʿرѰǴż
ʮʿһͻȻע⵽æͷλ׷ԲԵŬŬ죬ƽ̣˸ǣ
ѾԪҶһۣһ⣬ǣǴǵ⣡ʥʿѾˣٶһ֣ǵĻ˼֣
ƽ̣˼ǣ
ɭȻȻɱˡ
δ䣬ͻȻ·ɳĮУȻһ⣬ɨʮʿͬλԪߣͳͳӦгΣ
Ҷһæͣ½Ųǵֵٶ̫죬ĿҲ޷壬֪ʲôЩͳͳնɱ
ͻȻɳĮһӰ̣ͬ𣬲ƮƮߺʿղͳͳȴһȹŮվڿУϢƮ첻ͬӣƮݳƺմһ˿˼̻
ǵٿŮӵĲ֮УĿҶ
ҶȻһȻ˺ɳĮ֮Уɱ㣡
ȹŮɱˣûԵɣƶħͳͳɱˣҶҪݣ
Ҷĵǣûɱ˲֪ʿûʧ֣һб
ʹʥôߣҶѹͷ𾪣̧ͷЦ
ȹŮ˴ָ̧Ϸ
лˡҶŲϷɳ۶ȥ
ŮŻع̧׷룬ͣС࣬˼ϡͿķһ
һɫĲ£֪ʲôƺӵԣں
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ҼסΡŮʵʵ
ŶǺͿ丸һھءҶЦ
丸ҵ˻úܣ֣۸ǣ˵Ҳܴ³
ǵһγŰɣ
ҶЦкܶ໵ˣ㲻𣿡
ҺͶһȥ˹ʥأ˵̫գȥ
ҧָף˵඼ǻɱˣǧҪİ˵ĵҶٱ𣿡
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Ҷ˴ϸһ£Ůɵղ֮󣬵ȷûнսƷ¥֮߱У˵û¥߱ȷп塣
ࡣЦ
⻰ɫ΢䣬ĬĬͲ֮С
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ҶǺЦԴ˭֪ҼҶٱ벻ȥʥؿ
˿ȻǺˣͷȥ㲻ҽȥ
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Ů촽ۺ죬縵ۣƤ𪣬ƺƣ˵ᣬĵ׵ͬһСұģôҲһɱħͷƫƫҶǰɱ֪ʿĺƺûиоĲ
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Ҷ˼Ƭ̣Ȼϣ̾һЩȪ֪ԼΪʲôһоԼúԩĶҲǣȻһŮҲ´СҺңŮпܱһ˼µŮħͷ㲻һơ
ƮƮڿߣ·ɭһ˿Ϣ˾ĶǣҶҲЩԲλࡣ
ǰգĿĵأҶ̧ͷȥֻܶǻɳĮһߴɵڴĮ֮С
һɽһ󽭳ӱɽ棬ͬɾһ㡣
ϸŷʵⲢһһ͸ĿռӡȵлҪһޱߵĴĮ
ޱߵķʥطӡʱ֮УѰ
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ǹʥء
С˵ʥԭķΧĴĮǰʩչĪͨذߣʱ֮УŽƬɻɳĮƶ񤲻տɾĹأʧ
ҶЩȻĴĮȻȪħڵʮɽǰôһط𣬷ӡʱգֶξţ
ӡ˴Ľ򣬿¼ʥڵӦڵӦʦֻҲ׻ʣ׻ʣƾŶѹݣʷӡｮֶǷ˵ֶΣ֪Һ£ӵͨ
ĿҶʦ֣㣬Ϊ˵û϶ѵҡ
Ҷ֤˿أֻζһ̱Ƭӡʱ֮С
ҶƬ磬ֻƺ࣬Ⱥɽ֮䣬ƽŽأԶһٲͬӣɸߴ£еɽ䣬ɽһŰƮ浾ţ·װԼŮ
ɽƮжҩζ
ҩˬһ
Ѿӡ˲֪꣬µҩģֻ¶ҩ䣬һͨҩӵҩ
ҶʥصҩľԲܲɵƵҩҩЧ֮ǿֻ±ħеõ컯Ҫʤ֪ٱ
һʾĲƸ
ҪǰĴɽȥᳶס½󣺡ҪɹȥΣա
Ҷ΢΢һҪѯкΣգͻȻֻĿռһʮʿһӵ롣Ҷ´ЩˣһЩ֮Щףеʿ
ǰŸյЩ˱˹ȻǸҶ⣡
ʿע⵽Ҷᣬ˴ǰһ侹Ůӣϧϧô䵽ҶħС
Ůֻ»֪ҶħɱӯҰã
˶һۣȻ֪ҶرʥеĲƸȣҶϵıʵڲʲôЩ˵𣬷׷˷ȥ
أ
Ǹո𲽣ûзɳףͻȻըջһѪЩв̥ǿߣҲûӳˣ嵱ըʬ޴棡
Ҷ񿴵ΣëȻʥصУȻ鲼ƣѵ˵Ҫһ߹ȥ


293 
ʮʿϵױ¥Լ¥еĲϣҲͳͳƴݻ٣ڡ
ʥصգΣޱȣʷӡƬ磬ͬʱؽƣΣСĴᱬ޾Ĩɱ
ҶǵһνΣյĹż֮Уǰ̤׻硢ǧɽͼı硢ħΣԶԶ˵ء
ߵŮۣкǲ죬ĿҲûзЩƣȴܷ֣Ůָ˼֡
ӵһ˫ۣƺܿؽƣס
Ƭһ߹ȥ֪ʱܽʥ̽һ顣
ҶȹŮУһʥȥû߶Զ㷢һһҩ
ҩ筻ݣͨʮֻߣҲߣǰ筻ȴһ˶ߣͬһ׳С磬ҩ˱Ƕ˷θ
ݣֻѾǧ˰ɣҶʧ
Ȼ筻ݲʲôҩǧҩ䣬ҩҩˣҩ컯߳ʮ
ҩ֮УвѾõҩӦñǧҩ筻ݵҪԶ
ϧǣҩҲޣ޷ԶȥЩҩľҩɢ֮С
⴦ӦҲнƣҶ񿴵Աߵʬ壬ͬһ齹̿ӦǴҩʿȴƣߡ
Ľƣɷ󡣡
ҧ촽Ͳȡһױ֮зȥͻȻһɫױݻ١
ͻܼױУɻҡ
ױԱɵЩʿ֮˿ҲۣͷȷɷЩ˴ɼ筻ݣͳͳɷɷ޿ײ룬ûаֻԪ̥аաʦ֣ǻƵС
ҶͲΪ棬Ͳ·ӴĿռ䣬ȡıʼղӷס
ȴûпȻֻ۵ۣ֣ɫɲ͡
ע⵽ȻֱͲɫ΢죬ϧ筻ݣֻܷˣҵʵԽɷھͺˡ
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ʱϡ
Ҷǰ߳һʱһ£齻֯û
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ߵʿȫ׵֮УȱɷݻԪҲɷ飬Ȼű׽
ҶѾޱǿ󣬿񾳵ǿߣԪҲ̫ҹգޱȣȹޱȡ
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вɷüеϸϸзͬһööףըըȥݻԪ
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Ҷһݣʱ֪ʿԪ̥֮
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ŵĿֻҶһȥУɷֹͣ
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Ҷǰȥֻɽҩ㣬ɽĿ࣬ｮеһ𣬱ԵüΪֲ
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һгһΣͬɫܲһôߣֻѾ֮ãҩ
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ҩֻ¶ۼŹʵ֮УȻ鵤ܷ£ֻһͨ˲ӵ񾳵ʵ
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ЩʿȫˣϢΪӴȻٶǸ֣м¶ƣҶҲЩɵΪֵĻԼޱʤİա
֮УмУɱ¶ӦǺеǿߣھĥɱ֮
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ҶػģֻҪ󷨣ǿߵԪҲᱻⶴ
Щʿ׷׻ͷŭĿӣ˵˾ȻǸ˵Ůӣ˴ɢȥɱ
ŮϢƮòɷ
λҪŭҶԼˣҶæһȴħʱƵһ״ױʿ֮챦һģһͼɻء
СһŮ˵СһЩ׵˵ģŭ
˻عͷȥסΣһģʿƣһֿ뽫ҩߣ
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λ֡ŬΣȴʼ޷޷ٻԼıӡ˿θߵѾԼĵӡѹȻ׽̿һȴʮ㣬ѹλ֡ױ׾١
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Ԫ̥ڵ׽Ǵ٣Ŀǰ϶޷ƽȹתԪĵԪתȻ㹻İաа
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ۻǵĶսߣܿʧ
ȻһҪţǸԡҶЦ


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300 κ
ķ˿ɽȻֻһͷθߵȴɣԼƷ˿Уľ;תԪͳͳ޷ֵԻᱻ꣡

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304 ʱ
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305 Ӯ
Ӱһ֮ͨУԶԶȥͬһʴɢɫâʤա
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Ҷ΢Цκʦ֣˰ۣնˣ˷ʿİɣŲնһΣ
κ˿άֻ̣ŭһҪջԪ񣬽У³æλҪ˽Ȱ£
Ҷ£Цκʦ֣һסһڱԽնˣ
κЩѪΪάֻ̣˿ֻѾߡ
ͻȻɢĲӾңʮʴһζӰӲ࿹⣬ɲ쳣ǿңȽӰ
رڵֿǣ
³㲻ǽֻҲȥԶ
Ѧϵ˷׷ͷڣԪŭȻڽ߾ȫٻ̵ֻֿŵѹ
ȪħڣҲоѹԽԽǿɢܣѾӰܣӰζݣ
ٻıϾǸԽӰĽżĲࡣ
ôǿѹλ񾳵ǿ߶Կ⣬ѵƵĽ
Ҷ񲻽̧ͷпȥ
䣡
ȴŶȻſȣӰþһζ¶֮еŻ
ЩŻڣֻеһŴ󿪣ױ춼ϵĺڵİ׵Ĺâһױ˷ȥ
ЩױеļΪǿ󣬽ɢܣƿʥϿյؽơ
еٶȼ죬һɹʧӰ١
еޱȳأһСɽѹصףвֵֹ֪ױɶݶȥ
Ув֪ټױӵɳһ˲нǧױʧ
ױͬȺոսŵʿײ֪٣Щſڳˣ
Ѧϵ˻Ȼûϵʣ΢΢ʧ񣬱в֪˲ֻʵǿ֮ǿֵ
Ǽرѣɢȥ̵ֻӰѦϼæջԪȡ
򣬷׷ջԪ̵ֻֻӰࣵһ죬ʧ
ɽͷǿҲ׷ɢȥԽӰֻŻ£һ˲䣬ǧױӱߡ
еǱеױɽͣΡΡӿзɹеױӣ죬ԶһױͬɪԵһĽ裬һɽɸӣ

ɫ԰ףгƮƮסʮȪħڵӡ
˵Ҳδ׺£׷ӳʱ⡣
ǼȽı϶Ѿûߣ˶ıһ
ɽ೤Ϸ׷ڿնĿɨӡ
ĸҲ뵽һ㣬׷ױȥ
ЩױȻıмǿǧɽͼرǼţӰıȣ㲻Ϊ
ֻǼ֪ıر
϶
ȪħڵͻȻְһһ·ѹ֪жټױδߣ㱻÷飬һɢܲѷħߣҲ飡
һޱǿױıﲻ֪
Ѧϵ𣬷׷׷ȥʮͷԪХԼԼױѹ
вҲ׷׳вֲٱԶԶױ
һʱ䳡ң񾳵ĸִ֡
䣡
ųױպϣȻһ⣬ױ֮Уʧ
ŵȥˣ֪ж˴Ѳӡ
ʱ⣬ǼȽıΪҪȴź£ûӣȡţ൱ڻʵıأ
ĸĽ
θߵĿ˸ױȥֵòǼõȴҲ
ҶȻɡ𣬴ȵˣĳɵĽ϶סǵķݣȡױҪ
һھ޴ͬɽ͵Ļ¯ΡΡȺɽϿշɹ߶ɡ۷ȥ
Ҳһױ׷ȥθߵ´˴Ҳѡһıȥͼȡ
ҶԦ۷У¯ȥֻǻ¯ܣƺܷ
رıûҵķݶֻ񾳵ǿ߲ȡ˵ǼȽıˡڻ¯Ӧû˸ɣ˽鵤
Ҷϻ¯Ŀȥֻڻ¯¯дĸ׭ȴغ¯֣¯еһҲǷ𣬸ɫ淭ɣеĻ¶ȼߣеĻȴΪеĻðɭȻаеȴðɭɭħ
ŴһӦȫ
вһ£غ¯ȻݾŴ𣬲⣬ܼǿܱȲѦϵ׷Ҳħεױѷɫ٣
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Ҷϲ¥Ŷʩչȫغ¯סƴ¥ȥ
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ϵܣ¯ôôأθߵ´˿ڴĨȥͷĴ󺹣
һ񾳵ǿͻȻȣͷһֻ޴߲ȴԪ񣬺һںڹײȥ
ǿںڹײĵĸϵһյƣȼգͻȻײĸƿһǣޱȿֲϢӹײ˲ս
ǿߺҲδһԪȻڻһײ֮С

ױںڹ÷׷ͶײģǿҲŲסײĳȥ
ڹƾƮУƣԶȥ
ԭںڹײ俪ŵرһλǿ૵
ѵײеģʵʬһ׻ʵѹǿӰø
֪˷׷׶ǿڹײ׷ȥ
ҶϵܣҲȥɣθߵ˷֣е
Ҷҡͷȥ
θߵᶼ֣ҶƢ϶бֱξȻƢ
Ҷûǣ˿ֳһٵ¥֮УԼӰӸغ¯пȥģȡױǽһغ¯¯Ļһױ
һ޴ţ˿̹ں¯֮С


306 ү
ţ͸ղӰ俪úư
ҶΧغ¯˼ܣϴֻȴŽգھŴ֮УȼգſȻ
ѹָղƾһ˵޷غ¯ԭ¯֮лһšô
˼⣬ڲ֮ǰһȽı俪ţųױڸɺ͸ɢȥӰ֮Ҳû£ױ֮ʧ
˿̣ʥ֮Ув֪˷˷ƵѰңʼ޷ҵš
Ŷغ¯УȷԶǿߵĶĿԦ¯ѡ
ҶѰһϺõĵ¯Ƶҩû뵽ȡغ¯֮иͣҲ
ʵֻһҩõ¯ӶѡҶ˳¥૵
ȻʰԶͥķƷҲǽȽѷһرܼǿ˵ǿķӡ
ӡı಻ЩӰԿ
Ϊؼǣţζʱ⣬õűͬڵõʵıأ
ֻһҩõ¯ӡ
Ҷعգգ۾Ȼһغ¯ʱĻôֻЦˣ
ͻȻ޴Żغ¯зɳХϸ߿գһ⣬һײ¥һڶ֮ϡ
ƺͨ飬֪Լˣ
޴Ҷ飬¥Ҳݡ
䣡䣡
Żϣ¥㣬ײȥ¥Ĳ㣬ȴ˸ŸĲͬޱȣ޷ײơ
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Ҷϵڸʲôãθߵа
Ƭ̣ڰƺѾҶ¥㣬ԡ
¥ռΧ̫ȼգһһȴһ֮С
Ҷ˿ĵ¥ĲҶ޷򿪣ײƵĻǰһæ
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Ǳ֪ҵһᱻ˴õģа
θߵ¶ɻ֣ŸɵĽɲ֣ѵǿںڹײǽ
ӦڵǸεǿ˵ֵǳıֻнͨıＫٻᱻǷС
һԿǿƺڹֻ²νĽֻһܽӽı
̧ߵ㷢ǿںڹײǽܼǿʼʵƵĶʮͭˣһҲĽڹǽʵʬĻʥֻ¶ᱻ飬ںڹɣ
ʼʵ۲ûгɾ׻ʣĶʮͭҲûмǶʮͭ˵ӰҲǿ󣬿ӰС
ܲǽƺڹ׵Ҳǿ񾳵ǿҲĨɱױֵ߾ǿߡˣ֡
ںڹײģıҲвܼǿĴڣױرߣֻȼױܿǿ
Щ·Уͬ⣬һţЩױѾûɳʥأ磬֪Ứ˭ҡ
ǣЩױʱ˵Ǿţһëѣ˻ʿѰŵ䡣
ʿȴûȡЩѣõһһʺơ
ܿ죬ıɢֻʣƺڹ׺ױǿΧֻǶʱ޷ȡ
ҶҲû˼ױҶ䵽һ𴸣ҲһΪױ
ֻҪԪӿ룬Է󣬴ͷͬСɽڿУһ£ʯ쾪ǽսױ
һȹɷϴʿƵ̼ױŴ֮ͰԵغ¯е˵ʵ΢
Ҷ¥ɲԣͷϲ˰졣
Ҷƴ֣ӵʱ⣬ֱʵڿۡ
θߵҲüΪǿױлϲ쳣
ڹʥеױѾΪϡ٣ʣµĶǼǿıûвֵʸ񣬲뿪Ƿ֮أñЩǿ߲Ҷ
θߵµͷǣͻȻʮħڵӷҶʦ壬˵Ѿûǵˣһ뿪Σ
ҶЦҲ뿪
ȴڴʱһֻ޴۽Ҷǰ
κվڸͷĿɭȻЦҶʦܣ˲ٱɣϽˣɣסҪϽɸң
κʦ֣үҶ΢Ц
θߵ·˷ۣĵҶϵ˵˲ΪУҪꡣκֻѪˡ
κɫŭЦΥЩ϶µĹأչء
үҶɡ޿ֵ

κŭ۽Ҳڿ񱩵״̬֮Уֻ۾Ŀɨӣźϣŭϴڲڤ֮У޷Ԫűռ˱ˣҵҪô
Ҫ֣ͻȻسκʦ壬˴ŷ䣬ǰµĹϣҸƾʵȡ˭յı˭УҶʦȡױӦУᡣ
ȻκСһ˵֮䣬ϱ֣һ۵ȡ

һħڵӱߵž䣬Щʮ߳ɣʦ־Ȼֻ¾ҪȫûǻҪϽɣڣ
ȡױȡʥиƾʵջ񣬴ǰĹϣ
λױҪսɣºѷڣ

ͬ飬κɫ࣬Цˣǣʦֶ֪ҶʦܽãҪ̻λ϶µĹأǸΥأǷʥڣͬѽ̣ͳͳ
۽ſڣͷž˦ÿռһѺۣ֣Īѽ֮ˣ
κʦܣǰµĹأϣϸϡ
ѦϷλȡıӦԼУϽɡ
صͷ˴ŷ䣬ڵ˲أϽױǻô֪Ҳͬ˾١
κ˿ɭȻȻˣôǾͲ̸ءѰλӦòɣ
ѦЦʥڵĹأֻҪʥ֮ѰȻָԤκʦ㡣
Ҷٱھڡ
κϲĿҶɨȥ˴ֻҶڵλѿտҲͳû뿪ףסѦϡصˣɭȻѦԶأǰߵģ
ѦϵҶʦԼȣҪ뿪
κŭ۽һԾɳʮأХʥ׷ȥ
κʦҶʦܣһ磬Ҷʦնˡ
Ѧҡͷ̾˿̧ͷԶȥֻȪħϻĸִսƺڹףʧģŵȥˡ


307 ӢĿ丸
Ҷ뿪ʥأֻǻɳĮХͷչʥǽȻ硣
ʱѾвʿ뿪ʥأͻȻֻĮ֮ϼ⣬ƳڰɫĮҫʣ
Ƕ㣡
־ϲȻɻôֺͱ˴
Ҷ񲻽ûмȸʲôӣƺÿںͱӦһΪʤսŮӡ
ȥҶ
˼Ԧ۷Уֻвῡܽɣȸ˽ֵĵطȥ۷׷ס
λǽ֦ҶȢΪޣǵõ֧֣һ죡ٲĳҲԺһʱˣλòɣӵѰȥ
λǳ˵Ѿ˶ףȸС˴뿪Σܷǻȥð췹
˴ϷһҪΪ˭Ǻԣɱ񣡡
˷׷ŭĿӣֻ˵⻰һ׷ԲԵߣְһнͱеӡ
үүĲϰ
ϲģûˣԿȸǸСûԵҭ϶

ɡıٶȼ죬գۼ㽫˦Ӱ٣Ҷվڱ֮ϣĿͻȻһֻ·ɳĮ֮Уһ׳Ӱȿ񱼣Ҳȸ˽ֵĵطȥ
ǣļΪ࣬ƤȻշУȷɱ
ıٶȼ죬һ£ɳĮ㱻ľȵñһ״СĴӣαǰ֮ܳأ
ȻΪֲ˫ͬ糵ǰȥپףɡѷ֮һӡ
塣
־ϲ̽ͷ壬Ҫȥ
׳̧ͷֻͷͬݣͬڲ㲻ޱ߷˫ںӣԭСѾͷĸ磡
õģ塣ỹЦ
Ҷв֣һɵúܣ˿̾ȻƤȤ׳Ĵ󺺡
׳ͻȻһ׸ߣȻһڱ֮ϣصÿ£Ʒѹǽ񾳸ƵرֻҲûأ
Ҷ˼æʩչȫΪŬƱۣ޷ܴ˵ۻ³Ƭ̣ء
󺺾˭ô˳أ
Ҷаϸˣֻͬʯ̳һ㣬⵶üĿнǣϴƤۻƣϹ뻢Ƥë
һĽɫɣľȣվڱ֮ϣҶθߵ¶Ҫ߳һĸͷͬһСˡ
ٱһһҪǿ٣θߵɫأ
ҶҲɫأͷǡ
˵ޱȣ񾳸ƵĽŻҪأܱɣҶԼʿŽҲ޷֮ܵ졣
˵ΪһԪΪ̫أصԼΪ޷ԼֻڵϿ񱼡
ѾͷҽҪģΪ壬˱֣׳󺺺ǺЦСԹȥ
ҶͷƲҶ˵ǼҶǻˣûһˡҲ˵Ҫ޾ͼ޸Ӣˡ
˵ǼҶǻˣֻһǺˡ
׳ջ֣ͷޱȵĺЦңǼӢӣǰǧǧ꣬ҲڶӢĿ丸
丸Դޣ˿ûа֮ɫĿҶθߵ¿ȥЦλСֵܣ¿丸ģвţλôƺ
丸вš
ҶɿҽһЦв֣Ҫȥ
ȸ˽֣÷ȻҪǰȥ󣡡丸˶䷢飬Ǵδ߳Ŀ丸˵Կ
в֣ȻˣͬСҶ
丸ҡͷߣأмɡɣȣǰ񱼣ȥ
ո뿪Ҷ̼ԦգХǰ׷ȥθߵº丸ˣѵ·ʱҪȱô
ͷ丸ҵΪأǵķдǬŽΪոĵԽԽ
Ҷ񾲾ţô˵丸ӵܣΪԽߣԽɲ
һ丸Զ񣬻ûгһյĿ丸
ܿ죬Ǳȸ˽ֻ֮һƬɽҰ룬ɳʴЩɽѾ绯沼ɰʯ
ָռһɽͷ׷ǰȥ
Ҷһɽͷ֮ϣֻǰʮ⣬һλŮһӶţ˲δ֡
ǺŮҲǵŮӣ˼ˣƲ۾ʲǷԼӢͬʵۣһֲѷӵţ
ˣ׵ڵķ֡Ҷ񿴵Ǻӣ΢΢һ
ںɸ׵ڷңңһ棬ֲδҶʱҶֻһոڵСֿҶҲУû⡣
ʱսˣʱʱȥֵΪȴǰо
Ȼܰڶ֣֮ǵûдģľȹ̣Ϊͻͽ
֣㲻ǽĶ֣ŮȻΧȻɫ糣â⡣
һץһɫУâ£ͬһʮɳ̵Ĺ⽣һᣬɣ
ŭһֳһģĵΧɫſҧס˴˵βЦȸ˵ԣ֮ͬ˭ʤ㣬޸˭սʤܣⲢûʲô˵ģСһֱֻܽˣģʱĴѰƶɣұҪ̴˱ΪŮ
ͣ
ȸеĲͻȻǣ죬գۼâɢȥִվԭأģͻȻķѣɫҲһء
ֶͷ亹һԲתߡ
ȸֳֺɫ⣬Ȼˣһʵ鷳һϰɣ
ȸ̫ˣῡܷ׷׿ŭȣȴû˸ǰʵ̫ǿѾֹһսȴͳͳ֮£˱һɱ
ŮݣȺۣۣҶҲòĵɫ
ͻȻһ˴ԶЦȸǿȸţʵ̫ˣҾϲƢϧעҪҵУ㣬λãҲҪͳͳΪɽ檣ҲΨһ̳Ϊʥ֮
ɽ˭ҶƵ
ɽҲ֪СӣǸոճĲɣǰΪ㽲⽲⣡
һϤҶѭȥֻԼߵȴˣɫׯվڲԶòȻ
ҲͬʱŷԼߵľȻСħͷɰпࡣ
ҪߣθߵһǰһΧɫʱ
ȿȣǰҽ⽲ɡ
Ҷ΢Ц¶ɭ׵ݣ£ֲˡ


308 ֮
Ȼ˵ԼˣǸ־ӣȴ·ΪҶĳһ㡣
ǴǰеҶһһֱּۣʶҶеֻ֣׵ɽľȥɽλ׵ڵ޻ˣ
ĵѾҶһսУ״ݻ٣˿ֶһ۰ʵֻܹԹԵվԭأߵҲûС
˵ɣɽ˭
Ҷ΢ЦԶƳһֻۣȸ˿ɫأȻûԭ̸ЦķˣȻΪɽǸС
СɽСʥһ֮ܳһʱδʮ꣬תԪѾ𵤲֮ѧޣ˾תԪԪʼʥԪʼʥڵͬʱԪʼ龭õʥص洫Ҳˣ˵ڵŮӣ˵׵ķ
ҶСʥزǺǴһһô˵Զŷŵĵͳ˵ϽȢôԹɵŮӣ
ԶŷԶŷţ׻£ԶŷŵĹȻвͨңҲȢķӣŮܳһ塣ɽǴ磬簡
˲¶֮ɫ̾ϢòӢΣŮԵ˵ʮʱһɽȣһϹżżеĵҩ֮ʦͨΪʿУŲСʥ֮Ǻõı̬Ÿƨ˵ܱųһϹż
һõˣ
ҶʧЦ֮ãٶ֮죬ѵ˵ʲôʣ
˵ͷ˵ȷʣǺû֪Ҳ²⣬ľ¾â֮塣ɽνһ֮Уܳĵ֮һԪʼʥڵΪ˵ʶ׻ʵľ磡
Ҷҡͷ׻ʵľ磬̸ף
ɽȥֻƮƮüĿһĨòֹ¶šаͰԵζȻǸӣҲһ׵õŮ˻ĵˡ
ʦ֣ҲϲǸӡ
ҶЦҲϲϲľתԪ
θߵ֪ҶжɽɱɵɽԷľתԪҶϵܣʣӵоŲ֮Ľõ͡ҵĴУֽתԪ𵤲֮ǸѶԸĽɫ
֪ҶҲתԪ޳ɻԪԪ𵤲֮ĪĲ࣬󾳽磬ʮ߸С磡
ɽŽֻߴУŲֱһδ׻ʣ֮õˣĪڴˣ
ˣֱǣ׻磬̨ΪôʶôɫΪ˳ڡ
ͬһһֱᱻĹâڸԼĹԣ
ˣθߵҲΪҶġ
ЦԸֻԽԽǿɽ־ţһֻ֮øǿɱ֮ӣʵҲǿᣬǰ׾ٱɱһλħ̥Ԫ̥ڴɵĸ֣֪ôλԪ̥ڵĸ֮䣬Խ˽ʮС磡
ôҲɵʮĸ֣
ҶĿⶸȻɽȥɭȻȻͬһʱһֱǾԸɵҵʱ
ɱڣΣһɹ
ɽƺоɱתͷ߿ĿҶϣ漴ƿԿᣬ۾һЦȸû뵽СҲˣҲұ㽫ǽһã
ᣡҶ
ɽĿٴҶϣҵҵŮǰ
ȸҶʱ֣ܳЦɽˣвã
ɽЦת΢ЦȸҵŮˡҪ߽ã趯ֻ֣Ҫһױԣ
ȸɫ䣬ζͬѹ£֮ɳĮȻѿһ֡
ɽٶȼ죬㿪ĹͷͻȻֳһžᣬ򿪣Ц˵߽趯֣㲻ᶯ֣
ͷľſһۼͼ
һǧɽͼױȻǧɽͼǰ㲨׳Ҳɽˮ㣬СǳϪϪ¥̨ͤ鿣ͩԶºдˮ֮·һˮī羰ʵĴڣ
һᣬзϢͼҴӹʥã˱ǡǡ֣Ѵ֮ҵõ˱֪λӣǣͳͳҪΪҵ檣
ɽƮ϶㿪ȸĹȸ߸߸󣬷֦ͩΣȸСˣҵͼУ
Ԫӿͼ֮Уֻͼչ󺣶ȻƯͼ֮ϣСŸ֣¥ԾӺããĮͻȻ֮·컻أһﻨ磡
η·ԿȸͷĪͻȻֻһУȸɼͼеĸ¥ȥ
ҶߣҲĿ룬һ㣬¸¥Աߵֶͩȥ
ͼרſױ
ҶĿԷס֫һͬûɽˮ֮䡣
ɽ΢ֻСˮ¥ͳͳٿûֻԭһͼߴС
ˣȻȫˣһʿʧǵ
ȸǸСֵҲûУ㱻ɽͼУѵλӣ
ֲ̫ˣױ׻ƣֻǶԸ
ӵд˱ֻ֣λģ

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Ҷױɳ䣬ֻƣڸ߿֮ϣһ꼫߼ľ֦ϣԨ߲
֦ϣһ޴ľͷӱɸ߿֮УһУ
ò˼飬ɢ޾ĹâϸС֦Ҳһķӣ
丸丸
Զмȳ˻ҪߴĿ丸֦ͯϱɣдĺ
ҶԶȥֻȺɽһƮɽɽͳͳĽ£ʤգʱмֻ޴ݴӰзɹ߿С
󣡴󣡡Щ˵
Σһλð磬ͬɾ
ɫȻþģöǣҶȴȻûϲ֮ɫЩɫ롰ۡУȴֻǽԪױϾԵʵ
ôˣȥ
һֵĿ丸߹ӣȥһֶֻһò񻰵ľ裬һ̽һѽҶױץסһ񣬱㽫Ԫױѣصڡ
λ벡ױҶ漴ľеҩͳͳͰ֮УȻľڿ丸ĵͷϣתҶĤ졣
С˫˿˿˿֮У̫ѾϹˡҪκòѣַơ
Ҷвϣæϸ
һѰݣòۼ˫С̫һ۾ܷһ⡣Ѿϰ궼ûҵ
λ丸Ĺ丸Ĵ㽫ľŲһƸǹȥסԴҩ֮УֻʣֻץҩͰ֮ðһݣը
Сģƺأʵһ
ֱͬͷεÿ丸ķתͷҶЦڶǰ˫ڵҸ㻻һۣ
ѭѭյʵ̫Ѱңͻ۰ɣۺܴŶľôôСֻ۾ŮӵĿ
Ҷ񲻽˸սæҡͷûеַ
λ丸Ĺ̾˿ƺϧԸ⻻һַۣ򵥣ûмֵҽ֡Ϊ׼Ԧľ磬˫ȻḴĲ㻻һۣܴŶ
õ񶨵Ĵ𸴺뿪丸ĴͰ̽ԴǺЦҶϵܣλҿ丸Ĵҽ丸£ҽߵˣҽãֳƯҿ丸飡ϧҲˣһҪȢΪޡ
丸ļੲݣҶĻ°ͰвΪƣһ￪˵ͣ
ΪԼԦľôܼ򵥡Ҷĵ


313 ʥ
ҶʼʱŷĿǰԼΪжôʵʡ
ľŶСʥصһǿٻֻ飬ԪӶûƣ˵ΪĿǰܹΪŶΪѡ
ƾŶԪȻһͻƣõڣԪΪõˣƾŶĿǰĵ֮ȻҵľŶ٣ϴɽòٱЩһ㹻ƳɾŶ
в֣ûʲôױĵطҶһױĴʺ֮طױʵ
ֻױԪ۾ΧжΪ㡣
丸Ľľ趪һߣЦɣ֮ǿ丸ңױطö죬ƵױҲԶʤطˣɣ㿪ţȬҴȥ
Ҷڲ֮У丸飬¥еջ񣬴ɽУõĲټߵױͬʱҲõ˾תԪ͵ľĴС
ɽֻȴܴԪľţȻСʥضԴ˼ΪأҲΪΪ˴γţ̥
ɽȷͷ̥ոͻƣ㱻ɱˡ
˾תԪɽţڵ̽б̻ƪּǿļ֮
ԪʼʥڵĽԪʼ龭
Ԫʼ龭ɽûлĽֻǲƪֻԪڱûкķ
ĽãԪʼ龭Щοļֵ⣬ô󡣡Ҷа
Ųȱ
ķһУΪʿ֮СǶ΢ǣСԪ̻֮Ƕ䣬ǣԪ
ֽ֮ĹϵԶ׼
㿪ʼԪʼΪԪʼǶ֮ҲżϵҪôǶͼ֮
ֻоתԪŽϵ֮УҲױ㿪ʼľϣ°빦
Ҫ׵ľ䣬ȰԼɺңȻŻ°빦ɽղص䣬Ľ塣
Що͸Ҫѵʱ̫ҶûдаԼһ֮ҲĴ塣
Ԫʼ龭һױԪ񡰿ȥ
ϸã飬ĵԪʼ龭ҵԪʼ֮ķȴЩϸ΢Ĳֲ𣬾СǶ΢ʹǶĲһ
Ԫʼ龭·Ԫʼ棬ȻҲһŽ۳ɾͣԶԶԪʼ
Ҳи֣֮СǶ΢񾳣Ƕ˵ֻҪʮ꣬ͬ񾳣СǶ΢ʿʵ϶ԶԶǶʿ
Ҷͨһ㣬ȻԪʼ龭ͳͳһԣתջ񡰿ȥ
ĴĮֻüȡɽľŲǰ㣬ڵδֽϣֵֻӰѹ
ɽŲǰ㣬ղ
˵ȷ֮ӣ˵¡ղص֮࣬ҶҲΪ֮գ硣
ղصûһһǶףʮа֮࣬ҶղصĻҪḻ
˻ղһɫѹһڴ֮С
ŶܲѷҶڹʥջغ¯Ĺñѹɫ˶֮Уȥ
̲صΪӴҶܹоһ̲ص൱ʮϰ
һȷҺ˲֪١Ҷпһ䣬İõĽͳͳԼ¥ڶ㡣
һٴν¥һ㣬ܣ죬үҪĵҩڹʥүջЩǧҩͳͳȥغ¯Ӧó鵤գ
Ͷغ¯֣æЦүģڴ¯ӣƳϳ˵ĵҩõı¯
Ҷͷ¥еҩʹãǧҩϾ࣬ǱһΣұƤ
˸սͷ
Ҷغ¯ǧҩδ뿪¥ͻȻúһ죬ͷȥֻڵɽȽȽһɺ̡
¯ˣҶɫüΪѿǧҩֻ࣬İٶ꣬˷һһꡣ
үǱ¯Ǳ¯
æϸ߿գɫҡֵСڼڴ¯ӵĻȻͣ
Ҷһ뿪¥ȴ丸Ȭ
ֻҪ丸ƺˣƾŶǵʱͷܽеĵҩɣԿ磬۾κá
֮Уҽ丸˼Σ丸ĻҩȬҩͰչǡ
Ҷ񲻽˿Ϲӣо
ҶϵܣߣҴȥɣ
Ҷ߳ǰȥɣ˶󣬸ֱ߲ͬһ磬ÿһֵ֦޷󣬲ϾȻ丸˰һɽӴϣһӱӸ߿ձתΧ¡
ִ󵽲˼ľأ丸Ծ׸ߣϷ֮ϣҶ񱾴ҲԾͻȻʧЦҺͿˣֲ޷еĿ丸õȥô
ȸڿ丸ֻ丸ڸִ֦ȥ֪˶ٴΣͣ
Ҷߣͨױֻܴķɣ֦Ϲһɫ󻨣Щϻǧƣȴ¶ȼߣԶԶоȵ
ɣĻУǷɣȡ̫ȵԼĵػޱȴ⣬ױ֮أҲǬ֮ء
丸ĴҶһȥɣΪв˴͵ķɣױ˺ܶڴ˰أɭϣİǰ϶Ҫٰʣ
ҶߵԽԽ÷ɣľ޴󣬴ߵǰֻÿһɣʮĶСסġߡ
ÿһɣǰһ丸ڿأñ˵ߡɣǰĿ丸ͲСŨܵĺ°ʹ£ŵףԻĳ̡߳
丸ĿסҶ񣬿˵ӺСģİǰΪ£
壬λѣɣױ丸Ц
丸߲ͷҶһۣҶвȴһӣȥɣ
Ҷ֣ҽʲôҲûһ䣬в˵̲ϸ񣿿丸ɣһ㣬֦Ҷ
丸ҶɣĻԹ壬ССʱ֣ڳˣӦýҵ֣вţ丸вţ
丸ؿڴһȭǺЦСһھԶǸſɿСġ
丸ɫһ࣬е壬ҵ߹Ƕˣ½ոոκãֱˣһҪȥܺá
Ҷ뻨ֻǰ̫ܵ𣬾Ȼ̫Ҫ֪٣вһϲȻǸʥأ


314 
ɣĻʮĶС治̫𣬻е֮ޱȳصĵǷɣĸ֮Уص׵ĵһڷɣ
ͬʱɣ֦Ҷϴӿ̫Ԫ̫ÿһɣ൱һ޴Ļ¯
丸ǬҪĶǡǡ̫ΪԵǿ׳̫ĥ
˳ƷɣΪʥأûпţвʥأͬʱҲʥأһ޴ĶͬʱҲʥء
Ҷ񲻽п˭뵽ľĴ󻨣Ȼ˶Ĺã
丸棬ᶫʼҵķɣûеɣֱΪɣĸֻѾ뵽ؿǲ֪֮㲼ֲ֪ǧ൱һޱȿֲӴѹֿ丸ͶʼҶô꣬ɳʢ˥
ϥ£Զ̫𣬴˵ص̫ƵҪȣҶԼҲ޷ôڻС
ȡʮɽеõױ̫֮УЩڡ
ɽղصױÿΪǿ˿ѷ«ЩױǵͬڽĴڣҲ޷ӳױߵÿ£ֻ񾳵ǿ߲ܽЩױܳ׷ӡ
Ҷ̫δܽЩױڣ̫¶ȼߣǽţҲܿڻ
һܼǿױ̫бյеܣԭԭʼĲϡ
ٵôױҶȴ˿ۣٻرڵĲϣĵЩױƾŶҴǰľŶҪ߳ٱ̫𲢲ܽȫһҪ̫Ѫ棬
΢ͷ¥ӿ̫Ѫ棬ޱȳȵĲȴ漴ٴνЩ֮УеĲϱôһ
ɣе̫𣬱ԼĻҪ֪ٱ֮ĲϣҲȴǰӾõ
һֻŶԪ
Ҷֱתļҵķ˫ǧ򻯣ӡģ뵽֮УЩɾſڶߡ
ͬʱſڴ󶦣ֽʮױȡͶ뵽̫֮У
Ȼ󽫴ᴿĲϣͳͳ붦УþŶΡ
ϧõǾҲĴĮбСʥظٻķ飬ſڴ󶦻ҪһЩ
ڻϰټϣŽŶ״ɡ
ڴˣȥֻ֮֮Ϊ˴ſĵ϶Ҫҡͷϲ˵Ҳܼӡ
ãŶڳ׶ͣɣ̫Ҳ޷ڣֻŶȻ׹أ̫֮УɣҶ
ȴΪŶ˶Ĳϣһڴ󶦵㳬˵󣬱ҶõǵŻҪسʮ౶
ˣҶԼҲ޷֧žŶƯڿС
һڴ󶦣ѹ๫˳֣ȴſڴ˳أؼǣܲܽǼ
ҶɫЩֻ࣬ƾŶû뵽´󶦳ؾˣԼҲ޷
΢¥оŵԪӳھŶ֮УԪʧ
Ҷ޷󶦼𣬲ЩȻ
һ˾Ŷ԰ᦺҲһˣ
ɽлõױͲϣԼźκ鸮ͳͳȡͶ뵽̫֮С
ǶͼѾһپʮ֮࣬Ҫһʮ档
Ҷֻʱ䣬㽫еɣͳͳǶͼ֮Уתȥ
ҪĲϻھŶ֮ϣаа̲ص֪ʶħȾŶ˲֪ٱ
Ƶѳ̶ȣҲȾŶ˲֪ٱ
԰ƵĲͬ󷨣ͬģͬŪЩ󷨷Ҷķ˽һµʱ䣬ĳɣֺķ˽¡
Ϊһױµʱ⣬־ҶͷһΡ
΢𣬴Ƕͼ뱦֮УֻǶҫڱ񷱦֮ϣͬһ΢͵棬ת
֮Ưڰ֮Уû׹䣬ƾܣԼ
ͨƣֻ㣬ȻߣȴԵùӴƺ̺һֲã嫵ĸоŶȴҶ׼

ɣĻУ̫ӵոն͵ı𣬷׷ӿ֮С
̫ɣӦҲͳͳߣ
ͬһθڴ󿪵ѣϯɣеĸ֮䣬㽫е͵ɡ
δͣʼӷɣ֮Уȡɣе
Ҷ񿴵Ŀ࣬ͻȻֻ洫֮æ߳ɣһױ͸ױԪȥֻɣʼή㣬
⣬ˣвһͻ
ɣڿ丸˵żΪ壬ǿ丸ͬʱҲһʥأʥأʥأ
һɣУ֪丸жôۣ
丸ĵľվڻ֮⣬Զ૵ʲô£
ҶҲ̧ͷȥɣϣһϻۿɼٶȿή㣡
Ŀ丸˷׷״ӻгĿһС
⣬ˡ
Ҷ񳹵ԭΪֻٵһɣû뵽θ̫󣬳ߵ̫̫࣬գ֮䣬нٶɣÿή
൱ڻٵ丸ʮʥأ
ңڲϳȡϻеݼθڼˣֻһϻ㣬Զӡ
ˣҲⲻ𰡡Ҷþ
ãֹͣɣһҶͷ¥ӳԵΪȤ
״ͬʿУµFһģһ֪ˣΪҶĴУΪʿ
ҶȴȻû˿֮ɫֻһ仰̵ģˣϣ丸ǲ֪Ҹɵġ
丸ĵľһλѯʷɣʲô£
һ丸ӣϣϸҶҲֻɣ֮д˵ĺͬһ˵صԣ丸Ǹ״ֻѡ
ֱʱֻһ丸Χɫڵͬ̿һ㡣
ɣ˵СױǵĻŪÿή
Ҫ⣡
ȥ峤
ϣ

丸ǽͷӶ۷׷ס丸ĵľһλλССĵѣǵķɣױѾڻˣ
ԭСĵѡ
丸ĬƬ̣ת뿪ЦȻѣǾˣٹ÷ɣָԪؿ
Ҷԭأ̲ס壬ҰǵķɣԪͳͳߣѵǾͲô
Ͽ丸ɻ丸ΪʲôҪ𷣿丸ѣ


315 ϻõ
Ҷԭأûлع
Щ丸ֱɰ³Ĳһ壬һλ丸ѣеĿ丸㶼㵱ѡ
ǵĴҲǵĴ·񣬴ӣ򵥣һ
෴˳Ϊ丸ĵˣǾͼΪˣп丸Ĺ
Ҷ뵽˸ս૵ѹܹΪǿ֮һ붫ʼҿ⣬еķɣδ
һޱŽ壬Ϊ˼ܹŽһ𣬼ǻȪħĴɣҲ޷һľ磬Щ丸ȴԡ
丸Ĵ˶˵£ԵģȻҲܸǻر£ҾӲҶа
ٴ뻨ڴ˵ؿһԼľ磬ֻһ˿һƵ̫͵ָ˿
ֻҪٹãЩɣָȫʢʱڵ״̬ûнЩɣȫȥ
֮󣬳˵еױ֮УͷһΡ֪ױΣ
Ҷ̲סҪ𣬼һ뻹ǰ˵ǿ丸ʥأһˣ丸ǲ˵Ҳⲻȥ
ڣɾŶԪȹ̣֪õҩûУ
Ҷٵ¥ֻͷܴ˿֮УɲԺͽͯϷץȥͷˮ档
үҩѾˣҿû͵ԣæȡʮڰ˶ߵƿҶ
ҶһƿֻһָֻֻͷСҩƿз裬ײڱڣĴ졣
Щҩ̲صҩΪֲлõЩҩҪϳˣͬ컯һöҩֵʮö
ЩƿУÿһƿаʮŵҩһǧö
һͷܣȷΪ㡣
ҶдϲȡһƿԵ죬үǲ֮ˣдҪйҪͣΪ˶ĵҩһƿеİʮöҩĳͣȥɲһˡ
ϲʤæƿ˹ڻЦүǿغ¯
һ͸ˣҶ鲻Ц
üЦ
Ҷƿɳ¥ڻ֮Уһƿֻöҩͬ˳С飬ڿзȥ
ſһжʱͬһڶһ˲䱻һɣеĵҩ׷ĿУ˲
ޱȵҩӿ̱Ԫ澭Ϊͻǣ˼ʱŽЩҩͳͳԪȣŶ֮УԪӡ
˿Ԫӱԭڶг嵴ѣǻǰľŶӴԪὫŶѣſƵĴȴ̩ɽȻ
ЩԪţΪо˿ΪѾﵽƷ۷壬ޱ񣬼ͬڱ˿Ļֻۣķ˼ʱѣ
Ʃ繬ӢˣƷʱҪչ꣬Ԫ۵۷״̬ȻѰӴһٳƹؿõõڡ
ҶʱȴôֱԵҩҩƷ۷壬ƷĹؿǰ
ͻƵõʱҪĽǼһҵĵ̫һֻŶԪͻʱҪʵ̫񣬱˵һǶҲҪʮųɡһʵֱ̫ˬ죡
Ҷֱȡһڿգͳչͬһɫǧ׳̣Ҳװ£ȥƺʱƿնȥ
ߣ
Ҷſһ̳ͬ磬һ븹У
˺θڣҳԵĻ࣡
丸ĵľ̽ͷһۣҶĴָЦθôãһ׳úܣǽ

Цλ丸һȭѿ丸ĴùۣʱҶûп丸ǿҶ϶Լᱻλһȭ⡣
ţר̲صޱȿֲǴǰҶ񻨷ʮʱ䣬ٷ֮һ
ʱҪпֲʹԼһͻƹؿһ𣬽Ӳ飬һɲʱ䱬ӲѹƣƴԪӿſڴ󶦣
Ŷ֮жʱĻͬо쫷硣
һҳƹؿ
Ҷſһȡһ븹УĻԽԽſڴҲʼ΢΢Ԫ˿ۻ뵽㣬ڶŰԺſڴ󶦣
丸ĵľ״һСӣҵθںõöˡ
ΪʵȷһһҪյʱΪΪЩ˷ˡ
û뵽ҶС壬Ȼܽ
ͻȻеһɲʧÿ£ҶֻԼ
ſڴ֮УԪӴ˿̾һţͬһǺӣĵԲȥ
ԪͻƹؿŶ֮УԪӿʼ۳һööõ
һ̣ͻƵõһƷ
νõڣƷ磬ҪʿŴͻƣŴλõÿɹһΣԪۣõᱬҪٴλۺȻٴͻƣɾͻõƷ
ÿһ֮ٴۣõҪҲǿ
ƾ֮۳ı㲻ǻõʿԪ
νתɣ˼
õڵʿƾɾԪΪʵֻԪӡ
ãԪۣöӲӵĻõӶȽȽ𣬹ʶĿâӻ͸
ԶԶȥϻĻ͸һ⣬ͬһ޴Ľ򣬽ãʮԶ
öõ۳ɹҶܹоڤڤ֮УԼ忪ʼᣬıᣬɵĴ
ŻõۣԪҲʼӡ
˫ۣҲһƬڰǰʣܹһЩڻζ
Ϊӣܹĸɽ͡
Ҫһҵۼ֪Ҫ೤ʱϹӣ
Ҷٴƿٶöҩ裬ֱһ븹С
¡
ҩԪӿöõ֮УʱöõŵñһλõըԪӱȸղźغƴһ˲䱬ſڴ󶦳ûζݣ
ǻõʿʱΣյĵطûһϺõĵõɵĳԽ÷飬ΪУ
Ҷ⸱ΣҲ£ҺҴǰƵľſڴ󶦣Сʥظֵķֻ飬õֻ¾һδ٣Ǿſڴ󶦣ԻᱻűҴɷˣ
ʿ֮;ıߴһɥҶᵽ仰ȷԡ
ƵſµȴǰǾſں˲֪ٱƽȹõڡ


316 ױ
壬Ҷϵܻ丸ǰ̽ͷ̽򻨷пȥʱȻһĻ
ֻҶϰͬһѵİһȻſһȻһڳԵ
һھͳ˰
丸ĵɴ۾૵һһͷôѵ
Ѿֲˡ
ߵϿ丸ЩӣҼöˡ
дѰľ죬ͬ󺣵ݺĻڵϣ춯ذ죡
丸Ĳ֪ҶԪޱۺڷĴ򵤶вȻĻ̼ױᱻĵ÷飬ƵĴױҲ֧Ų˶೤ʱᱻѣǻõըױҲᱻ飡ĵȻܳܵסҶֵǰʱƵıʵѹܰٶɣɣ
֪ɷɣԪһױֻΪҶƵµ״֪Ҷоſڵ;Ԫӣöõ
ã콥ʧһӻмٴ۳ɻõʱס
򿪣Ҷ߳Ŀǣ˸ԡ
УſֻȭͷСĵײ
ſڵǱ֮СȭͷСÿײһΣڵ໥ںϣһڣеĻõƣΧƶԷ߲ͣٶȼ죬ͬ໥תݡ
һ˲䣬ڴ󶦱ѣٴαڡ
Ŷײ໥ںϡѣȤ
ſڴ󶦲УΪһԶԶΪŶ
ϵܣ۾ˣ丸ļæǰϸϲ
ҶҡͷЦûԭĿãԶǿ塣ܱҷӳ߰˰ˣҲҵ۾ٹãֻҪܽӳʮɣĿԻָ
רն֪߰˳ɵܲƿҵĴǬ֮丸ԾԾԣЦ
ҶҲЩ棬ǰֻֽ棬˿̻ǵһгΪӳ
һԴ󷭰ۣȻֹ֪߰˷ֵƿҵˡСĿ϶Ҫȥˣɶá
˿ûѿ丸ĵĴ㣬ЦǺվһԣſϷ
丸ĴһۣȻ³Ҳϸĵһ棬߶Ǵ³Ŀ丸ʱ򣬲ϸĵĻʱܻᱻЩ³ļһС
ԴˣѪĽѵ
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ҶȻϣӵʱ⣬ǹǷķа˲׻ڣƸ֧ԼߵľӦòڻ¡
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·Զ⣬ҽĴӡˣв֣ղ˵ױʲôҶͻȻԼʱ丸ἰױʣġ
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Ҷ񲻽ȻĿǰླ磬಻һĴ
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СģעģmaoangҪѵô
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ҶӲ˿丸ǿ׻ҲĴţ丸ƣ붫ʡļҡԯȹϵҲУѷڻȪħħɡ
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ܾһֱʶʶ丸ڵóԸ
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丸ĵѾ޳ɽ𵤲֮ɽҪǿ֪
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ֻзɣ챦ԴԴṩ̫Ǵ׺
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丸ҶһҲʿҶ߳߰˸С磬ԪѡʿףҶʵЩ쿪
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һͬڻȪħڵĴڣֹ׻ʵɣλ飬ôܻԼ׼ˣ
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ҶϵܵٶȺÿ죬Ȼȵһһλˡ丸ɽ૵
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ҶϸϸƷζŽתԪľ໥꣬üͷ壬а
ʮɷԭһʼ㽫ԪָΪʮݣͬʱʮԪ񣬱ļҵһֻҪŽÿһ磬Ԫǿһ֣񾳣ʮԪʵʣһ˱ʮλ񾳵ǿߣѹʼʵ۵ܹʤʮԪʮ⻯ȷֵܹ
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320 Ļ
Ҷ񲻽Լɽ٣ͬʱҲԼľŶһɽ٣׽ϴ⼸ױ
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ղܹɱ壬Ƕλڣˣɱ̫ˣֱѴ֮
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һʮƽ߰ףޱȣҶľŶײײȥɢܣȻȾŶҪǿ

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΢̯һڿڴ󶦺ХȭͷС໥ײ죬գۼϲΪһڵоöõްΧһϸСԲת
ѾתԪһתԪٴλɫöԪҲɫӳյĶһƬĵϼ⡣
ƽĵڶʮ˲ĿռУһ˾վ¶ŭ;ȵɫ
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ҶĿãȻƺλã΢ЦôʲôˣղѾɱˣױĻᶼûУ㱻һ۵
ĵܣɱΣ
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ĴиڴʱȴѾ뿪ǸλãҶȴĿ⣬ȥ
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дϲʮƽԽԽСУҶȻϢȥֻҪҶٶȻƽҶƱֻ·һ
ƽױɳתӦ֣ǶȹɷĴ֮˵Ҷ񣬱ǽ𵤲֮СʥصӣҲᱻһ飡
еǼܹҵƽҵĶʮӴ飬ˣҲֶΣǹĽɱ
Ŀ䣬ƽҶ
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͵Ϯɹʤøɾֻṧάʤߣ˵͵Ϯȡʤ
˿ؾֻа֮ң׾룬εʿ˵ԺԲơ
ȴڴʱֻӰһҶ嵽ǰд󶦣Ȼײȥ΢Цʦ֣̫ˣѵû˵ױΪĿԪΪۣҼڴ󶦣Ϊ˿ķλ
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һڿڱӳܲסӴĳرը֡
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ξײҶеĴһΪţҶһɡۣʼո죬ͷ䡣
طӲӣ˫Ѫ죬ٴαײʮɳ︮ķΧ
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ҶתĵκҹǷ޷Ϊûмǰûʵڼ˵ôѣ

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327 ׻Ѱ
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ͻȻǸԪҪƴȷǶ嶯˼
仰δ˵ڣЦԶԸ壬ҲֻҪõúãһױ԰㲶壬ǵΪ˵ûжôͽɡ
һͷľŶ֮Ȼֻֻ֣̽ץסֻץסһͬ
𶯣Ĵ飬һ𣬴ƿնȥ
ҶһŶһһڴ󶦣ѹӿѹ׹ڵأҪȴʼձҶѹơ
ѹ
ԣæǰһöԪԪӿĴ𣬷գƬ̣΢ֻԽԽС
ʦ֣ҲҪ׷;Ŷʹðա˳ױһ㽫Ц
ҵľŶѹסҲС
ҶЦžܾĺ⣬գգ۾ȥ׻㿴
׻ڶ֮ͨɷˮɷ֣һһˮɷ裬ʴԪ񣬲ɷȽϵͣҶǰ޷ͨȴ׶ȹɷ׻ռ䡣
ֻƬռ֮УȵڶŨٱȴûһ壬ֻһ߾߾޴ֵ޹ڵϣЩƯڰա
ŨǴЩϴһޱѹֵĸо
ЩʬǣɢҶδλͷʥЩɢȾͷʥҪǿᣡ
̫ϳΪ˸Ԫ׻˶塭Ҷ⸱ֲΣҲ֣૵


328 ׹
ЩѾ˲֪õĴʬǣǰ񾳣ԪǿڣΪԪǵľΪߣǵԪΪԼԼΪ
ʿеĲпԣν֮㣬ԪƳʿȡ
ǳ׵׵ħֶΣ
ȪʥڵħʿЩ˿Ķţһѧӣÿ˵ı󣬶һγѪȵʷ
ȪʥڵӦڵô㿡ʵһҲ̤˵ʬ壬ߵһΪǿ֮У޵еĴڣ
̫ϳϴ˾٣ϴʿǵĲƸԼΪʵһޡֶֻθӲпˡҶĵ
ЩʬǣԪĴǰκҪǿӲ֪ٱǿʿ͵ױԼӼǲı
ֻǣҶҪĲֲϣҪõĲϣʬǡ
ֱĲ㣬ͻȻֻһ죬ֻЩ޹ͻȻգһ߾ߴʬڰзֽϣգۼ仯һƯڰеľ޳ǣ
ǳشʬɣԶԶȥ׹ɭɭ͹Եñ졣
׹ǣЩʬǣѾױˣ
Ҷ񲻽ֻ֣׹жȻһһֻ޴İ׹˴ӳվ𣬱ֳһѰ׹Ǿ޴ԦǣҶ
Ǵ˵ͬ͵һӳмҶȥ
һѣҲң֮ȭ
Ҷһͷһڴ̽һֻ޴ȭͷ˵ݺȥȻһ˵ͳͳ飬ֻȭͷɽƿ˵֮󣬼ͣ׹Ǻȥ
ֻ׹˫ĿտնͬڶҶȻſڣ
޴ݺݴҶ֮ȭһҶľȭ飬һ֮ȭеԪɣŭٷ
޴ڿգҶѹظ֮ơ
ͷǱȣ𣡡
Ԫе׷̫ϳϽ֣
Ҷв˷Ѿ֮ã׹ȴ̺ǰһ˿ݾ޳ǹκεҽ׻ˣ׹ǽ֣齻֡
ң׹ɶֵԪÿһ֣㱩һ֣ʮħ֮аޱȣˣɱ֮ǻɶֵѪܡ
һԿҶλδıĶʦǰķжô졣
ŶԪ𣡡
ҶվڷǰŶƯһֻֻ޴Ӷзɳϳһֻ޴ȭͷ׹Ǿ޴
¡
׹Ǿ޴һȭƣȭͷɽ׹֮УǸ׹һȭ飡
٣
׹дǧ޵ľ޺һ߰׹˲ΡΡվֻҪݻǣҶ޾ľˣһֱսȥ
Ŷѹطˮɽ
ҶһֱӼŶǿн׹ѹôӸ߿׹䣬ǸովҲѹõ£á
ʦҲˣеĲƸͳͳͽܼ̳аգ
Ҷſڴи̽һֻ̫ɵĴ֣֣ϴһ飬ױеľĥԺ˱ֵرַ𣬽Ǽһ
ֻ׹ԽԽСС
׹ǵܣ˿ѷû˼𣬱ľŶӲƴҶԴ߶϶ǿ󣬲ѷľŶ
Ҷһ׹ĲȥΪпʦƵױȻϧܳԡ
⻰ͷ
׻Ĳͨб鲼ˮɷһɽɷһ˿ɷһɽôأʮɷѹ£ҶҲжѣüŶֿɽɷѹǰ
ǺòײŴͨ۵ĽƣߣҶ˼ڴ̧ͷȥֻ԰ټƵ֮ϣһͬʴڿеӵȥ
Щ𣬻ʮɫҲڿС
ˡҶ૵
Щ鳤ϵղأȻֻĽĿڶ࣬ЩһҶ̥
Ҷ֣̽Щץȥգ֮ȡ˶ʮĽ
ûн¥ϣЩôֱѹСһ㣬ڵ֮С
Ľһʾ޴ĲƸҶĿѣҡץȥһȡգۼȡķ֮һ
˭ҵĳ˯͵ҵĲƸ
һӴϢڶޱѹ֣ϢǿᣬѹȵҶľŴõãҲ޷תԼԪ
ֻضɽѿһֻ޴չӵص׸ֳѹ֮󣬱ȳҳüλߵԪ񣬻Ҫǿٱǧ
һֻϹޣЗ軣棬㣬ẹ̈ɽӵص𣬸һޱǿҵΣϢ
鳤ϵĵڶԪĵڶԪȻûôܣ
Ŷһ
Ҷ񲻼ȡæץס󣬷ٺˣŶ϶Ϊһǿжɷͨп񱼡
ֻֻŭһֻ޴ë׵צӴ֮ͨ̽Ƕץȥ
ˮɽɷֻצ֮ϣδ㱻÷׷ױѣȻ޴棡
ĵڶԪǿףצ̽ʮ֣֮ͬһץ£ҶͳͳС
ҶоǿҵΣոУǱֻצץʵǿᣬԻᱻ࣡

ڱȣŴõ׷ӿ֮УͬʱҲԼԪ뵽У߶ܴ߷
Ҷŭ˫Ҳ˫ְڱ֮ϣײȥֻ𣬺֮ͨУӲԪľצ
̶ֻĦӲɣҶѪŴõ飬ŵԪ붦С
ԪҲ飬ԪϲѺۡ
ƺһɾôͨеɶأɫή٣
ֻ軾צ̽ͨڿץץȥûץκζͨ˻ȥ
Ҷһۣ£û뵽̫ϳϵĵڶԪȻû˯֮С
ǿߵĵڶԪǿޱȣܴǽҡĵڶԪôỹţ
ҶջؾŶͨпһֻۣͨľͷһֻ޴ӣͫ׵ڶ
Ǘ軵򣬴յͨǰۿǵĶ
ˣ͵ҵ
ʦͽҶٱʦĶ͵Ҷգգ۾Ц
㣡軳ţ


329 ԪԻ
Ҷ߳׻磬лƣ૵ĵڶԪôỹţ˵ʿԪҲҪɢôѵ˵鳤ϲûܣ¥ѾֽΪ׻ˡ
ɫ԰ףԪĴ𲻶ϴ޸ԪѺۣʦ֣ڶԪ񲢲ʿԪ񣬶ӶʿԪƶɣȻеڶԪʵȴһױֻӵʶԪĹЧҿԳɳˣڶԪҲںܳһʱ䣬Լı¡
ҶϸѯʣԵڶԪҲ֪࣬ЦڶԪ⻯ָķţֻླĴײҲҵἰǻصѯҵܺ˵϶֪޲ԡ
һ䣺ҵĺܺ˵ġ
ң±㲻˵ˣ˵̰ߡŮåˡҶĵ
ľŴõܴأܿ۳ɻõҲܿ츴ԭ
ϧûнеͳͳˣ̥ˡҪЩߣҪƷĵڶԪʵκҲˡ
Ҷ񲻽ҡͷֻһˣѯʵڣ
үǰɽһΣȻүȥ˵ȥħѰ˹
Ҷ΢΢һħԶʱʮ˲ֻʱʮ˲˴飬γһĿռ䣬ħħ֮أ汦ǿ߱أѰԶƵı
ħһΣյĵطħħͷأħԼĴɣȹʥػҪΣհٱǧ
û㹻ǿΪȥֻ·һ
׻ͺħ򣬲һʱշΧ֮ڣһЩΪǿױȴԴ򴩱ݣħ֮С
ħߡƽȴ౦ԴͨʱգױһӵʱѰħλá
֮Ҳǿ;Ƿ̫ϳϣʱգħѰԶʱżԼɱߵħͷ
ֻҶʵ޷ܷӵռĳ̶ȡ
ҪҪͻƣ̥ĿǰΪκ潻棬ɣ
չأͬʱתԪľ̥Ʒ׽׵֮
ԪҲڲԪ⣬Ԫԡ׽֮Уϴ񣬱Խ͡
̥Ʒ׽֮󣬾Ԫ̥ڵ׳٣Ϊֲ׽٣Ų֪жʿ֮УҵľתԪҲڶתʮڰؾ磬׳Ҳң
Ҷר˲ãľٴͻƣķﵽƷľ磬׳٣
ֱӻһ׳أû޾׹ӿÿһëףÿһ˿Ѫ⣬ÿһ˿ը
Щ׹⣬˿ϸһܽԪڵĸը÷ǣ
Ҷʱ֮ǿѾﵽǿߵĸ߶ȣһǿ߻Ҫǿᣬ׳ٵ˵ֻһ;ϴԪľתԪ
̶ʱ䣬ľõƷΪƽȹʮ׽٣׽ȻԪ̥ڵ׳٣ﵽٵĳ̶ȣ
٣׳ٿֲٱ׽ٻףÿһдױǰ
ŽҲڲǿ
ǴﵽڣͬڶȹŴɷϴĴױʿȫ𣬻ʱΡ
ҶֻȹڶεĴ٣оЩԲÿһ£ܣֻؼƽʱѷɫ֣
֧ţŽӲ£ٴ顣
ɹδ٣ľתԪתǿ˲֪ٱޱǿᡣ
ٴڵĸ֣Էʹ֮ҲӲǣ
Ҷƹض־Ȼ޷κȸ棬ʵȴ
ʦ֣󡭡Ŀʧ
ҵôˣ
Ҷ֣ͷȥʱԾһĻֻһߴɵľľͨɣ鲼Ƭͬۡ
룬ڿлζ
һ۱ϳԪ
ǰԪʣֻ֮ͨױĸ򣬲ܷ֡
˿̣ȹʮδٵϴԪҲڷٳɳȻʵ״̬ۿɼĵز
ʿУԪԻֻ̥ĸֲһ
ҶԪ⣬ҹ̫գټ׽ϴԪʵﵽԪԻĸ߶ȣԪǿȣ㿰̥ǿߣ
ܹоԼԪڼΪǿᣬ߶ױȴǰ׷ҲԶʤǰ֮ʵٴ
ԪԽǿױ׷ҲԽǿǳʶ
ԪǿֲΪĲ㡣
ͬһױΪߵʿԪ̫ܷӳΪһʿ
ҶԪﵽԻĳ̶ȣ൱Ԫǰ̥̥Ԫ߶ױȻȴǰǿ
ټøǿᣬҶʵֱ˷츲صı仯
ԸκǲұŬԼΪҲ츲صı仯ܽκһڽ£
ȡеһ¡
׻ĲУȡʮĿ֮࣬˷ָ
˷ָǣȻһڱ㽫ʮ£븹УתԪʼԪ
ԪʼȻΪǶʱ޷еͳͳתΪԪЩֻǱڸУһһεĻԪ
鵤ҩôգ鵤ֱΪﵽƿʱп񱩵ͻƹؿ
ϴڿ丸ķɣϣֶΣͻ硣
ǴȴҪһḶ́ʱ伫Ϊ
ѰֶΣҶԼеҪʮʱ䣬κľսٽûôʱӻ
ҪʱЩΪֻһ취ǾǼԼǱսսñ˵ѹʹԼͻƣ
Ҷͷһۣ̾˿ĵҰӣҪˡ
һȻպϣһħΧڴΧûɣκ񾳵ǿߣҲ޷С
Ҷ߶õһħӴг׻סܲ͸硣
Ҳգٴγɽȥһ¼ῡܣͳͳڽ£


330 ħ
Ҷ¥Ҳ֮У¥ϼȡǷ¥Ʒʡ
ԼֻžŶ׹Ǻͽ֮ټɡ˫֮еױĿǰӦӦֵı
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Ҷʦ塢Сĳڴ˵أȺǶʱˣ
๫վһɽͷ֮ϣڷƮ裬ֳսꪣңңָҶ񣬹ЦɭȻҶʦ壬ǰһʱ⣬УΪгɣҪսһһѩհϵĳ裡
ҶɡббڼͷҡͷЦʦֶȻһսꪡǰ㲻ҵĶ֣ӲҵĶ֡
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ͻȻֳһö޴Ļ̥ͬ࣬
̥֮Уһֻ̾һ𣬾עҶ
ԪԻ۳ʵ״̬ۿɼ
ԪĤ̥֮УĤ̥еԪ
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ҵʵʱ˲ʮ㻹˵Ҳ㣿
๫Ƹǣһڷ趯죬Ļ̥֮УҲʧȥԭʼצһƬƬŭţͬɭɭֲ
ڹʥ֮УջսʱеرĴ֮
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Ϊͽÿһε֮ʵǿ󣬳ƵǻȪħɫ֮һѹֻᱻӦڵǽΪһСĵӡ
ҶҡͷʧЦʦֶڼΪϲɺأҵĲֻԽԽңʵ֮ǿ㲻ֻнҶ֣·һ
˵ʲô޷ҡҵ־
๫ڱȣȻսͬһɫ磬Ҷ
Ļ̥ļӳ֣ս֮жʱһɹɴ֮ϣս֮ȼһֲ⣡
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ͣ
սꪻδ£رȻѿһ֣ףͬǵһ㣡
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Ҷһһֻ֣սӭȥ
ʦֶ㻹ģôֻ㳹ģʶ֮Ĳ࣡
๫սϢֻⶸȻʧ֮Ӱ١
ҶһֻֽսꪣָסսꪵĵУһ๫Ҳ˫ֲòſսꪣҶͬ˹һ㣬塣
ҵĲ࣬Ѿ޷ʱΪ٣ʵʮȴʮٱ
Ҷ֮ڰգſһ㽫ս븹У߶ʮ֮У΢ЦĴҲңĴֻ֮ǸͲˣ㻹ڤʮܷң
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ĺɲټˣҶȴ֪๫ֻҲûսԼʸˡ
֮κԾʤˣǿ񾳵ǿߣǴףȪħһǿĴڣ
๫Ȼʲ޿һʱڳɳΪ񾳵ĴףΪףûսҶʸ
ܣҶԵıȻ·һ๫Ȼ޴ȥսһˡ
ºһκڽ£ΪĴףеһǿߣ֮ˣҵĵʯҶĵ
Ҷ߶ʮڵսڻֽ⣬뵽֮Уֻǿٴαʿ֮ҾԿƾӲ֮˵ҵ
ʦ֣ȥʵ
ţҶɱڵ
ţ
˴˷ֵĸɣǶǻô
Ȼǻˣ
ҶЦƮȻǰУ򶫷ĴȥȤңùܾã˳ͼ
˴ҪȥϺɽһˣ˽һĶԹ
ҶĿ嶾ݶʱǰȥ޸ɵĵΧ£ɽȻˣȴŴθ°ӣɳ׷ɱòԶĴĮĴܣǱ
޸ʱҶսΪСɣǰɽر֮
ʱֻ˵һսĵʣϣԼȴһͷ󣬱
ҶȻĶţͬһĸңԹ˴˳ʵȥɽһѩյĳԹ
ʦ֣͵͵ȥɽȻЩͳͳɱôɱڣ
Ǵ˴ǹı𣬱֪ͨһǰ׼
Ҷ΢ЦĿ¶ɱҪһ򾡣
ſ˵ȴκֻһصִ촽߷ɳХǰУŴϺɽķȥ
˿̣ϺɽΡΡȺɽڴ֮Уĺ潻֮Ψһһɡ
˿ڱ֮ϣׯϣԼԼֳŮӣ׷֮ϣ׵
вԶ壬ԼϺħɸ֣Ҳϯض
ϺɽȻСʥɣӵ徻񣬿ħϺ֮ҲʢħɶɽҲΪƳ硣
һĽ꣬΢Цһλӣһƾ˵Σ
˵컨׹ĳв磬ֻСʥصĸֻ֣²ⷬ衣
΢ЦĳǴնɱȪħڵҶҶٱ֮ͽΪСӹħϺ֮лɽɣǰ̳ͣȻСȻΪңھϣȴʤҲ֪٣
ǫѷ䣬ЦѵһϺҲ̳˵ҵζһСʥصķ
λҲƴǣԵҪڣͻȻֻһɭȻħӺϹһɹɿκˣֻޱߵĺˮȻڰգһСɽСͷҶĳˣ׼
ƺƵɽɽͷ˶һ


331 ں֮
ǧﴫ
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ҢЦĪҶĳ֪ɽͣΪɽ鷳ʵȴĽսң֪ҵȻǰս֪Ķ
ΪԸͻȻֳһӰֻ˫Ŀգ̧鰴£ֻˮɶ𣬺Ȼ׹亣УƲ𣬷ƽ˾ʾɲΪ
Ŀ˸ЦӵʵȻĪ⣬һĪǾСʥص׷սʥ
ҢһЦ͸¶Сʥص׷սʥСʥشԶŷţ༫Ϊ׷ŭȸǿƾ׷ȻǹСʥصĽԶսսʥҲκ˶ѧϰֻдǻ֮ˣսľ衣Ҷĳ˭
˼Ƭ̣ЦӦþǽѰ񲻹ҶҶٱǰ޸һ˿ڣСرǺģԵ޹ʱɱĵơԭ㿪̻ȴȪħڣЩΪһΪħ֮ħ
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ҢЦƣ̤ЬٴȫѹҪѰƫƫԼʦɽУʦŭСֹλ˷ҵ⣡
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ҶҶٱ޸ʱ֪ӥǹˣһ࣬ȻҰģȻɱнڣ£˸ӣҲȻУά
˴ǲ׵ԼʶСʥصǿ֣߳ǲУ˹ά
ǰ׵ģɽԼĵӣǸ޳ԪħСɵЩͳͳԪڵĸ֣Ԫڵĸڳ
ңԶɫҡͷҲ֪ǰ˵ӣҲڴУƽӵΪʵ֮ϣѾڵ۷塣Ҷٱ˴ڶ²ưոݡϺιΪ˱ѰһЩǰȭ
̫СˣȻΪСҿʵǸ廨ͷһʲô˲ı¡ҵڴˣСһЩҲ޿ɺǡ
ҢֶΪȻҪϺ֣ʶʶҵֶΣ
΢΢һЦԽҢʵôģӳɽĴϺһĺֻ֣һŮӣ̻һӣĴɢϢ˵λŮҶҶٱսϺɽ¼ſ֪Ϣضӵ
Ңɫ΢䣬Ҷλگ£ҶͷȢȸΪޡ
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ôǿߣ˿ĵ˶ĸڣҶҶٱͷۣҲҪ֮ء
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ЩŮӵΪΪǿ󣬲лõԪڵĸ֡
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СʥأҢ
⻰ɫ΢䣬ʧҢתԪԪ̥С𣿡
ҢЦԵõû뵽СͷħҲ֪Ԫ̥һδ޳ɣֻ̥ڶѡҪɱ㣬ֻһУ
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ҢЦС֮ǿȻΪߣҲС

оſڴ󶦷һɳصѹȸУһŶҶٱĳֶΣѵħͷѾˣ
ԣļҵĸֵˣ
˿һӼԦŶϳ˵ЦĹӣĹļҵӢţ˵Ѿ̥̥ڣ;Ŵ̥ŴԪݼ
ɫɽϣĬĬκ˵
̶ʱڣħеǿ߸ϵɽϢΪƴأ˲ս
ЩˣеҶٱгеҪΪŮ
Ŀ¶һ˿Ц⣺ԽԽãЩڣɽͬͰɽβƣҶҶٱ趯һ˿Խأ

һɭɭĳǳշԽԽĿĵѵǰɱСӣ
׹֮ɭɭѹȵԴϢǳ֮ϣһŲҲ
λ֣ҲǰԸҶҶٱôڴлˣЦ
ΪҪɱԼ
׹֮дҶЦҶվڳͷ֮ϣĿɨһ飬ЦĲ٣ϧں֮ڣͳͳҪ

޳ԽԽ󣬽ɽʮͳͳ֡
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ҵɫ䣬ͷԼֻĹ룬һѪϷɳ׹Ƿȥ
ԪڸֵҲͬʱ룬׷ױɰ׹ǵϣ
ͬʱŲһֻֻԪڵĴɼ𣬱Сգۼ䣬ֻ֣ʣ½Ңܵˣ˵ȣͳͳ


332 ɨһ
׹ǵҶҲһǲɵ˵Ѫ⣬ͬʱҲڳȡЩϵԪǵѪʬǡѪͳͳ뵽֮У
˹ħױҶǵһμϣǵǿԪڵĸ֣Ҳױܽĳ̶ȣ
֪׹ĴУûжôһǼǧ
ĸԪȷɭ죬ǳ
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Ϊ˶ԸҶνǳֶΣԼϺĺѣĴɢϢſϵɽԸҶ񣬴˿ֻϺֵ֣Ѿ
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ղ˲żüһãʮλԪ̥ڽ˿ͳͳҷ𣬷·һΣЩ˴ûгֹһ㡣
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ЦԦۻǳȥֻһҲ滪Ƿ꣬ЩŮͻȻͳͳ뵽֮УѴɡɡϵһװŮ񣬻֣ɡ߶һööõԪ
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𣬾ۻǣԶߡ
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Ҷֻץ˸գ漴ָץȥЦҪɱ㣬ûܹ赲ңעֻ·һ
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333 ǿǿײ
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ˣ
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Ҷ񿪿ڱȣŶԽԽС뵽Ѩ֮УڸѨڷߣȻΪѹȴ̾ŶܣͬʱӸױȵ
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һɫͻȻľ죬Ӹ߿վ£ɫʴ࣬ͬХ
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ڵɫ䣬ɫѵڶ˾ɷһޱȣҪһ򾡣ͳͳ
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335 ɷϴ
ʩչļҵľѧŶݣӡԲԲʮĿռ䣬δüѵͳͳУֻзٶȿߡ
θڼ󣬲ǵǰҶѰ𣬸Ұȴǣǰ˵صͳͳһ򾡣˵ĲƸ
˴ŷҶΪеˣЩСɵϺԸɸʥءſҷ
СϺҲˣЩССڻȪħȻ棬һ֮Ҳûмõóֵ̼ױ
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Ҷ񡢽ҢرܹΪеĶ֣ĸûмһֵ̼ױʮټ
ƾŶҪĲϾˣϴЩſѵʵ;
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ƺһҲλԪʼħڵĸΪҪǿᣬԪݡ
ŶԪѹ
ľö̥𣬾ڴϿգ̥֮кȻоŸͬԪΟߡѻ򼡢ȵȣͬ˵ԪֻһľŶԪȻȫͬ
Ŵ̥뵽֮УֻзӡĿռԽԽССֻаҡ
ջӣѹôһ֣õǵղأұԳɾԪ̥׼ȴɷ
дϲ˵زȫҵһ֮ĽЩͳͳ
Ҫ뿪ͻȻֻһŮӺǰ¶һ˿Ц⣬ڵŮңֻЩʸ񡣡
ɫţһˣЩӣҶĶУֻҪŹҶʦ֣ұ뿪
ŹҶٱô
ɫתЦЦҶŴɱļӵܣļҵĹﲻ⣬˽ԿΨСŮ㣬ͲȢΪޡĳҲˣСܱȵļңĳɱ㣬ŮˣɱҲһüͷֻһ䣬òã
ɱڣжɱ⡣
һͰ͵á
ˣ
д󶦣ǰҪ֣ͻȻֻλΧת˫ͬ·ɣһɫģЩĸոճ֣ûڿУʧ
Ŀ¶⣬ܴɫʱüΪѿ૵ħƣһᴥơǱǾŹɱƣǣһȫǬ߸ƣȻǿߵǬʧ򡭡죬һơ
ڿʮƣΧҲҶһ£ԭأͷ亹
ҵˣ߸ŮŮΪߣŮңŮѧȴСŮһȻ鴫ȫʢʱڣƿЩ׾٣˿ҵȫΪ;ŶѹҶٱˡ
ǵһαƵҲûУвԷмҲã˶Ľƣȫңұڴ˵أҶٱЩͳͳȻƽһƻǸС椣
ӡĴ֮УŵɷĴ嵴ɱһС
˷ˣȻǣ
һʿŭһȻλһֻƺɫ޹֮꣬֫УɷɷϮ
ȻһλǿߣԿɷ

ɷ֮УһӰҶڹ֮ϣ̧ͷȥֻҢͬӣҲڷɷ֮С
Ҷٱһȭս
ҢķͻȻɭɭһȭ·㣬һƬš
ǻҪ򣿡Ҷ£ǿ߰е
Ҷһ½Ңһսǿ߶ʱ˲䱬Ѫ漴ɷϮǣĹڣֻʣһڿƮ
ҶҢҲע⵽Ĵ󶦷ӡ˸գս˭Ҳûͣ֡
˵ǿᣬˮ׻ɷ֮أɷǿȴ˲ǵ
ǵǿȣĥóԽĴ֮񾳴׵Ҫǿᣬɷϣͬһ㡣
ҶĵɷĥϽҢѹΪͻǣҢֵĶ̶ʱڣڻ㱻˰ٷ֮һ
ǰͰôҪķµʱ䣡
䣡
ĻõͻȻ飬漴̳ȡڵٴξۺϣɻõƷ
ͬʱͷȻһƬƣٴй꣬ͬһӳܵĴױϺľתԪҲڷٽ
Ң֣˵һμΪѵõĻᣬΪǿȱǣ׵ҲͻͽŶԽԽḻԲ
˱ߣӡƬкֱײͻȻ䴳ɽɷ֮УʱɽѹϮÿ϶ͬѹʮϰɽ
ңɷ³ײҶֻԼÿһ˲䣬ɽײԼ֮ϣѹ˿ѷڽҢ
ɽɷȷѶȹԾŶõԪͰ׹Ǽӳҵֻ´˿ͱѹ÷ˣ
Ңɽɷ֮Уò˶٣˾ٲά裬ֿɽɷѹԷȥֻǵʽͬţϳܹһС
ǵȻǿᣬɽɷȴѹǵ
ãҢͻȻȥЦΪҶٱˣ֪ôҵľתԪɽɷѹϴͻƵת⻹Ҫ㣬˴ѹû㣬ôͻƣ
һж˳࣬ҶȥӸ£һƸ䣬ЦΪ˸м㣬ڰգ
Ҷӭľƣúһ΢ЦͻƵתϲɺأҵԪҲͻƵ˵ת׽ٺɷϴҵԪ㻹ҪѸ٣
ɽɷ֮ж磬ͻȻ˫˫ƿɽɷɷ֮С
Ƕ˶ǲǹ֮ʿ뵽ɷϴʹԼøǿᡣ


336 ڶʳ
Ҷոսɷʱޱߵɭ֮ϮɷʿԪױԪԪһֱ֮󣬷ֱ߽ƣ
⻹Ԫ£Ԫûֱӱ¶ɷ֮УֻһϢ֮䣬Ԫᶳɱһأ
ɷڴˣɷ֮л̲мΪϸСı˪ħϸɲ죬ȴ̲żΪǿѷһ֮Ϻκһҽɷ֮еʿʿʴʿԪױԪ
ѰʿԪ̥ڵĸ֣ɷ֮УҲһϢʱ䣬ᱻɷħݻ٣ʬ޴档
ȹˮɽɷĴʿû㹻ǿʵ㹻ǿԪֻҲɷмֲ˶೤ʱ䣬ɢ
ֻ֮ޱȵأܵ˿ֲɷ
̫ػԪ񣡡
Ҷϥ£ͺһԪ֮϶ʱ̫ӿʣƴֿɷϮ
ΪϸСħײҲ۵ľ죬ͬӹ
Ƥ治ϱһ⣬ԼתԪľʱըķġ
ɷħ˳ë׿ڱǣڣըѨ֮еľŶͰ׹ǸݣƳ⡣
ˣ·ɷﵽͳͳϴһ飬ʶɷƳ⣬ʮ֮ɵĵ͵ױ͵ȲϣҲɷħϴһ飬ͳͳ飬
ѹѰʿֻȹɷ̳񾳣ɷѾɷɷɷظӾˣûмʿܹȹ
Ҷаɷħĳڵʣһͨ͸ĸоһ±࣬ͬ˲ιһ泩
Щʱų⣬ӨһùҲþӨ
һѵõļҲսܶȹɷʵΪȲֻ·һ
ҢԶɫҲüΪѿȻҲͨһ𣬿ֿɷ
ɷģͬҲһΪѵõĻᣬʵ
ɷ֮УĻҲûУ˵ʩչֶΣˡ
ǵ׷뷢ӳκױҲԪᣬǵԪǸұ¶ڿУǸո¶ͷᱻɷħ˺顣
ɷ֮Уֻܵûз֮
¡
ҶͻȻõҢвһϲСӵĻõ飬ѵǱɷ˻õ
ŤͷҶȥֻҶϥɷ֮УȻͷһƬٵƻΡ
̵ģⶼСӰɣҢݺ
ɷ֮⣬ˮɽɷͬŭԪʼħڴڵĸְΧɷײС
Ԫʼħڵʧ֮ɫᦣֵһӣᦱӿһʮɷƿ
˵ʵΪǿᣬΪ񣬼ҶҢҲδظ˵ܹʤһ˲ǿߣ
˿ɷѹŲĵطԽԽСļ
ɽɷѹᦶסɷ嵴ɨ
ɱң
ԪʼħڵĸЦĵɷϮпȻŬᦣͼɽɷѹ
ͻȻһɫɷӸ߿£ɨɷ̫ͬһ㣬һɹɴ֮ɢƹԣöĿ
Ԫʼħڵĸִԭأһ

ɢɻңȴǱһɷӲɻҽԪ̥Ԫͳͳ߽⣡
¥һִ£СɽĲϣʤ
һֻ£Щͳͳߡ
˿̣ھŶӡƬռ֮УҶҢ˵ͳͳɻң
ǺǣȻɱЩɵľӢӣѵ;ҶֻʣҶٱͽҢˣǣҵĲƸ
ЩͳͳȡԼ¥֮У¶Ц⣬̧ͷܿȥɫ΢䡣
ֻЩڼ䣬ȻΧϲ½ƣʱ䣬㲼ٵƣȻûһ
Свѧ֮
ŮȥһЦҵʵ̫ЩֻסһӣұὫнͳͳȥʱ򣬱ڣ
ҢþĶǣɷǸԪʼħڵĸֱ֣Ѵ֮СңֻҲò˼ɷὫҵԪ̥ݻ٣Ԫڣ
ˮɽɷ߷ɷ󣬽ҢңͻȻȣĵģңûôףתԪͻƣͻƣ
ŭѣȡеļУ߶Ԫʱܵɷ

ˮɽɷХɨȥɷÿһʮͬޱӴľҶҢΧ
ԭɷ֮࣡
ɷ໥ںϣܺƥرף¡
ҶҲվֻѹѹžž죬ߵɷܹвģֻɷɷ˵޶в
Ҷٱסɷұֻ·һ
ҢĿȵֻҷ¶ԹֶԿ·
֣òô鷳һ˾㹻ˡ
Ҷ΢ЦͻȻһɨ˷Ԫ̥ҲֵסҢնΣҴڴ˵ؽɷĥΪ֣̫ˣȻ˾ɷûôˡ
㱻նҢδԾĿҶǵµĽ૵ʦܵĽ𾫽ӦϵС
ɷѹ顣
Ҷ˽𾫽ֻҢ¥ֽ⣬һִӰе䣬Űгһֻ֣ЩͲץȥ
֣֮㽫Ңղͳͳߡ
ЩͳͳҵģҶſһһͲϷ׷ȥ
ֻץһգֻϿմһŭȣ֮ϣֳռգ˶ɭȻҵĶǻڶʳҳȫ㣬һһĥۣɷѹɷḥ̂
ߵɷҶûͬŭɱһУ
ԶԶȥߵɷͬһ޴ḥ̂Ҷĥ̵ģɷѹĥ
жŭӦеıȴҶ񻢿ڶʳӲȥҲ̲סŭɷĥ̽ҶӲĥۣ
Ҷ񾡹Ϊɷĥ֮Уһֱ˺ĸо
أأأ
Ƥɷ˺Ѫ졣
ЩƸոճ֣㱻Ԫָ
ѹȽҢҪǿʮ
ҶֵȴڴϲǱӴѹ״߷޻Ԫ澭תԪľڷתĸڻ


337 ܷ輸
ɷĥ¡¡תҶģԵĲǰδеѹɷɷɷϮ
ղѾᵽɷɷȴȻͬɷ壬һɺƺƵĴ֮ޱȣҶ̫ҪҲ֪ٱ
ɴ֮嵴ӴŹʿͬһ𣬴ȫ֫ٺϣëѪҺÿһ䡣
ɷһУͳͳȼգԪԪҲᱻȼ
ɷ֮˷ʤ޿ɷɷ壬ʼȼգȴ˿оվԪ񻯻ңԪݽߣֻʣһƤѻҽ
ղλԪʼħڵĸ֣ǱɷݻԪԪһ
ȹɷϴֻһ;ɷգκεֿ
ɷĴ֮룬ȼԪԪԡֻҪŹȥûʿԪԪ񣬶ǿǰδеĳ̶ȡ
ɷУޱȼ̣ޱͣԪ֮ϴȥʣһԪԡ𲻷٣ǿ󵽼㣬֮󣬱ӵս
Ҷɷǿдͷţɷעڣеһжʼȼա
Ѫ⾭˲䱻ȼϸСӶȼգͬһغ¯ŴĴԪԼŴ̥ȼ
Ѩ֮вϷߣѹľŶ׹ǣԼڵгĴߵĽ֮˫Ŀ֮еԷ
ԪֵҲð棡
ҪǣɷϮɷħŰëڣƻһУ
ͬʱͷһƬ۳ΣΪֲܣĴٴϮ
ˣɷĥԽԽСԽԽĹ飡
Ҷ۽ǼֱǻϽͣ·ͳͳ
Ҷٱ㻹
ڸյĴͣ˫Ŀͬ£ĿڵһɷɷĥԼ޷ֵҵҪ֧Ŷ೤ʱ䣡
Ҷţƴת޻Ԫ澭תԪľֿɷĥѹ
ɷɷ룬˿ᡣ
ѹ
Ҷ³һԼһر뵽Ѩ֮Уѹֿѹ
ҢսУ·磬ûн
ڴ˿̣ԼǱ֣֮Ҳ˲òһ֣Լĵͳͳʹ
Ѩ֮Ҷֻѹ·Ἰ֣˿
ڻڷټ١
¡
Ϊٴͻƣõ飬Ƭ̣õٴۣûãȴٴ飡
ͷĽδ׳Σһ֮УȻƳ֣
ԪҲڷ֮Уɷȼеˮƺһ˲ɾֻʣƤͷ쳣
ȫȻûκԪͻõȻɷȼΪѸʧʧٶȣȲΪٶȣ
Ԫɷ֮УȻԽ֦ͣ趯Ʈɡ
ΪһֻŶԪԪָΪŴԪ񣬴˿̾ͶڷˮӲľ͵ľ硣
Ŷ׹ǺȱҲɷ֮зˮСɷ֮ʣµĶǾЩױʱӵӦ֡
ͨױɷ֮˵Ҷʣ£ЩױõĲϼǴ֮㼫ߡ
׹ǣҲ񾳴ʬƶɣɷ޷ݻ٣ֻᴿʣױøǿ
Щױ֮ҶֻױɣʱƣЩױԴԴϵ֮Уӵ˼ִױɢһɹɾޱȵĴ֮
ܶȹ˽٣ҵױɴ֮ȹߴɷϴĴ֮
ƵƽǶȹɷϴĴױѾ˺ƴ
˿̣ҶһԱҪ¯ߴɷϴױÿһƽֻ֪һײܽƽײ÷飡
ȻҲڱСɷȡڵʣñȴǰС֡
ȥһСӤһ㣡Ҷľս
޾תԪľ׽ϴеʲ࣬ɷҲ޷ȡʡ
Ҷ磬ֹͣС˿·꣬ͬʮ꣬ݰףӢ
˿Ӧڵվһ˵˻ΪǶͷ·
ɷûɱңɷĥκβң
Ҷо˸˿ɷĥԽԽѹԽԽǿȴȻϣרעڶԿͷ١
ɷĥѹǿľŶ׹ǡױҲǿԵĥѹ
ͻȻڵڷҶһæ鿴ֻſڴУһſԪ
ͬʱ۾ŴԪ֮࣬˷ָҶǰ²֪Ľ޷˳Ԫ
ڻ̥֮࣬˿̵ΪԪʮ֮һ
Ԫ۳ɹһɲǣſԪһ˲佫еԪͳͳߣ뵤УһڷȡԪ
Ԫڣǿˣ
Ҷɫϲޱһ˼ͨĸо·Ԫ۳ɹԼ֮еƶǷǣͷյø͸
öԪӳճе뷨˼ͳͳӦԪ֮ϣͬۻֳ
ԪתԪڰתɾԪԪתԪ𣬱ǽ𵤲֮
ɽǽ𵤲֮ƾֵɼ磬жôǿ
ҶĻ۱ɽۺľʮϵĳɾͣҲԶԶɽ
ʹױ£ѷڿ丸ĵĿ丸֮ͽҢԪ̥ӵоŶȴױļӳ֣ʵûжôǿ
Ԫڵ̫ټתԪڻֻ²̥
ΪͻͽԪƷ̡
νԪڣʵǲϻۣʹԪ׳󣬻Ĥ̥Ĺ̡
ʿҪɾԪʹԪʵʻҪĤ̥ԪΪ̥ԪΪ֣ԪΪ֣Ԫ
ѾһˣСô
᲼µ֮Уɫ꣬¶֮ɫʮһֱ߶ɷḥ̂ҶסȴʼղЧ
Ҷͬһ齸ʯһϥɷĥģߵɷѹƺκá
СҲʵ޷ƿҵɷĥ
ĿվĵȻ޷ǾƿС˵Ľƣȥиֽ
ҪƽͻȻ󶦾Ҷд춯صľ죬˫Ҳѳֲס󶦣ֻڴ󶦺һѣһΪţ
Ҷһڴзɳ̾ϢĲϧҵˡ
΢Ц֣ܷ輸ǲĻֻɱȡˡ


338 һն飨ϣ
˿̣ҶϢͬԨɲ⣬һµʱ䣬ɷĥ֮УߵɷĥΪѾԪƷеһգתԪֻһ۳ɽ𵤲֮
ľҲΪƽĳ̶ȣƷʿĴ١
ԪҲɷϴ񣬴ʿ֮Ԫ߶׷ȴǰʮ
ȹߵɷϴ񣬲Ϊͬϴ֮ͬŴϢȴǰǿᣡ
ԪҲɷϴԪϵΪ൱ȹߴɷڵʿ
ǿߵҪǿ᲻֪٣ԪͬʿǷȱĻΪ
ȫ˵ױױӳֻ֣ƾԪҢӲӲǿǿ
ҶױѹƽҢԪ̥ɽҢ
Ҷͬ˹һ㣬ߵɷɴĥѹȻ޷סƾŶݣ
ֶΣʣԼ޷쵽
ͻȻ䣬侲Ҷ˿ûоʧ룬΢ЦҶٱӳɷĥ̵ѹίʵĽס˷Уȷԩ˲ļҵĺɱǣֻǽңֱ忴صκβҡ
޿֣ЦļҵĺӵܣÿһλиػǿУڶԷϡļң׻ѪѪͳ߹ҵǺεȹأƽʿ󡣡
ļҵĳػ㣬ĵƣҶ΢Ц

Ӹ¿ҶҶٱʺʵȷʵļҵľѧҲ֮⡣
һʩֻҪԸҵˣΪģҿ˵ļҵĳߣļҡ֪жҵˣΪļҵˣҶûдӦҸᣡ
˫֣΢ЦȴҶĴ𸴡
ļңϵ׻ң׻ʣĻʳͳ׻粻֪꣬ޱߣħɣҲ˵ܹ֮ϡ
ļҵӵӵ׻ʵѪȷޱȸ߹ܹļңΪļҵˣλѷɵĵӣ

ҶشģһֻѪĴ֣һƽ֡
һޱ޼ʵĴ֮ӿ֪ˣΪڵǿߣ
һ£·һ㡣
Ҷʵǿ÷ˣǿףʵѾԶԶԪʿӦеʵȫڵǿ߱ȼ磬ϣҪʿ֪
Ҷȫ˵ǰڵʿǷȱģΪûǿѣ
ҶһƣŶӡ٣ǵضѪ⣬Ǵ֮
һ൱ڶȹߴɷϴĴױ
ҶٱΪܹʤңһֻŶԪ
һŴ̥뵽Ŷ֮УҶֻ֣ʹȫԿ
ľſڴ󶦣ȻҲǶȹߴɷϴĴ
ѰɷĹУŶɷƳſڴ֮
ΪļҺӵܣŶԪŴԪ񣬾Ŵ̥ҵΪԶԶ񣬾㲻˵ҲܽУŶݣ
ľŶںϣһڴ󶦣ɬĲӭҶĴ֡
ΪȷҶ࣬Ŷһ㽫ҶԪĥԪ֮󣬱Ҷƣ̲صֻܱԪֻҪʮ
Ѫ֮ȹ̶̳Խ۷֮Ԫ̲֮ŸӾ
ŶҶѪ׷봿ײʱӾҵĲ
䣡䣡䣡
᲼µһؽƣ˽ֵನУһһѣɻңһ˲ʮƱ٣

ĴٴɢһΪţȴǱҶһӲɢ
Ҷ̤ǰһٴθ£ԪѪ֮ľŶײѪ֮ļҵĸ֣Ϊ׷ױӲ壬ΪӲ飬ҫڽ£
æٴʩչŶݣŶδһ㱻Ҷһƿ
꣡
һڴ󶦱ҶƻУʱѿѺۣڰһ޴ӡ
ƺһǴѪ̲ڶеĻ̥Ҷһ飬ȵԪɼҶһƵǺεǿ̥ڵʿԻᱻһ
ҶͬԪǿ߼ױƥͬһͷ񾳵޿ɵֵ
Ҷһȭһڴ󶦺һ󶴡
ȭչͬһս񣬼ȭţ㽫ľŶż֮ͳͳдƣ
֣ػļҳٲ֣Ľ죬ļգ
شḥ̂
Ҷֻ̧֮һԪĻһḥ̂½¡¡ľ죬һ£
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һشḥ̂ɷĥ߰˷ֵδ䵽ϣ㽫˺ûѪ졣
ϣֻһ˲䣬Խλļҵĸ˺Ƭ⽴ĥ촷ۣ
壬㻹ң
־֮ɫæõľŶֵҶĴֻ֣ŶһûҶк¡¡Ĵĥ֮Уʧδ߶ʼնûκηӦ
ľŶҶӲشĥĨȥھŶ֮еʶſڴ󶦱֮
壬ٲңұҪˣĿС
ˣ֣ڼ֣ҲȲС
Ҷָ£ͬһ޴ḥ̂û
˲֪ߵغ񡭡
ͻȻһϵüһޱӴѹҶشĥ̾ȻѹӲſ޷䵽ϣ
ҶȻæȥֻüĶȻѿ¶ϸռ䡣
ϸǧΪһֻ޴޺ϸУһͷ飬㣬ȴò˼飬ʮϸлζ
Ǵ˵еϹ飬Իչﳤ̣еϹУǰ
ʵޱǿᣬӵ޾Ŀռ䣬װ´󺣣ɽ͡
˵УϹһڿһƬ½
ͷӦС塱Ԫ֮һλļҵǿΪػԼһԪϸ֮УΣգԪɱ
ҡͷβϸγʮĴһһϣ¡¡СӣĽֶļգҿӦļղŶԡ


339 һն飨£
ͷޱӴ󣬴ϸлγոðͷԲʮĿռ䡣
ϴϢѹȵҶ޷Ϣ
ļǿߵļҵһǿߣһֻŶԪ;ŴԪһԪ񣬱ӵгκ
ҶٱҵĲ࣡
ЦҲĶΣ㻹ҪҵĽ£
һһڳԵ㣬еΪеױͳͳҵϡֻסҶ񣬿д¡¡졣
һԪҲɱңٻ࣡Ԫ񣬹ˣ㣬ʤҶ˸ޱ˷ܵĹâԳ֣Ц
ͷγƾҲң˵һʣǰֻݡ
ϻ˵ڱն㣡
ҶͻȻһŴԪͳͳ뵽𾫽֮У
ֻ֮ǣʮͻʶĿڹ̫ԣݺͷޱӴľն䣡
֮
ͷ龪һæϸ̫жΪ㣬ʱڸ޷أ
ͣ
𾫽䣬ֻֻԴƽƽѿӲϵ
ͷԴѴͻȻٴһԴϸȥŭȻһ֮רնԪĽ֮˵ңõúܣһὫĥĥ
ѵԴͻȻһֻͽС飬ҡͷβҲϸȥ
ֻȻСҲʮﳤ̣Ԫһ֣൱ڴʮ֮
׵Ԫ񼴱㱻նϣҲĸ壬뵽֮УԪ
㻹ߣŶݣ
ҶһŶֻѹȥ
꣡
꣡
ſڴײ϶Ϊһһڴ󶦣ֻͽС붦УԽԽСٿûҶüĵϸ֮С
ŵ򣡡
Ҷſ³öԪ׷׷ϸ֮Уǿڴ֮ϣɢһɹǿޱȵĲס
ͷڶзײһ㼸ɢΪŶҶľŶݺ;ŴԪȻס
ŴԪ񣬷⣡
ϸУ裬ڴ֮ϣ趯ڴعֻСײ޷ƿӡ
ͷ޴ŬϸȥŭҷӡҵĲԪ񣬶þŶӡҵԪСӣӵĺǣҲҪɱ
ɱңɱ˵
Ҷֳֽ𾫽ԽΪ͵һüĴȥʮĽܴ߷󣬱ֱϸԴƽƽп
ȻûϵҶоȻӵܹնɱԪرһɥȪ
ͷҲһгƬһ𣬾·شˣԶ쭶ȥ
أײڷ᲼µؽ֮ϣ԰ټƵĽƶʱǵذȥ
ʵƣµĽǿ󣬵֮Ľƣһ˲
һ˲ʱ䣬Ҷһβ¡
ŭһͷռײ÷׷飬ֻǰĿռ䶸Ȼѿһ޴ڵĶڣͷ붴֮Уʧ
βҲһͷС飬ͼȥ
ͣ
Ҷ˽ɷ磬գۼ佫ͷСгʮϣֻʮͷСɵĴҷɡ
Ҷ̽ץȥЩСͳͳһץסԪһڿڴ󶦣ЩСͳͳӡѹ
ңСӣˣϵ£Ҳûܹȵ㣡
ڵĶдֻŭ𣬶ûбպϣԽԽ󣬶ڵһˣһ̵Ļ
ֻڵһˣһƯڰеĴ½ɽˮľʫ续
½ϿգƯž󶦣һڿڴ󶦳һִľգÿһڴ֮Уһ½ڶ
ſڴ󶦹оſ½½ϳǹٲȻʿзϢв֪ޱǿʿϢֲԨ
ļҡҶԾؿһĻ³⼸֣૵
һ˵磬ļңûĴĻʳһޱȿֲȻλħʮǰ׵Ĺϴڣ
һӴͬʳļ壬ռݾݣƳɶļұſڴзܣſڴȻڱ˵ߣеľǿƣɾŶ֮ѹˡ
ſڴ󶦣ͬһ׳Ļͬһϵʷʫױȵ𺳣
ļңļңϵ׻ҡ
Ҷ񾪺һƳоļҵĵǺεȿֲӴ󣬼ڵĻȪħڣļֻҲҪѷɫ٣
ѹÿһļ߳ˣһӴļ壬ҶʣԼֻҲҪúа裬κ˷С
ỹû뿪ҲС죬ԾĿһĻ
ΪССŮ˴棬ҲǰһĻ𾪡
ͻȻһɼΪֲϢӶڵһ˴Ҷһæһ¥еĲϷ׷ߣסС֣ɡԶ쭶ȥ
ˣλǱκҪֲ֪ٱĸ֣;ŴԪֻŭһܽҴʬ޴棡
һԨϢӶдλļǿ˺ƿռ䣬ǧľ룬޶㽫ҶһٻУйͷŭ
䣡
ͻȻ仩飬һòϵһӶпŭ죬ƯžŴԪ顢ȸҰ̡𡢽ԡǡɣ
ÿһԪӴɢԨϢɲ⣡
ŴԪ֮УԭӦǿԪ񣬷СȴǱҶնɵľΪ
ˣҲŭԳأԦŴԪڶ
ңҶ񲻽նԪΪһļң˵һܴ裡
ˣӵȪħô
ɽŭЦһԪӿޱ޼ʵĴ𣬼ƬոɣҵԪ񣬸ӵҵ׷ɱ
׷ѰԼԪƬϢҶȥķȥŭЦ㼤ŭңҲû֮أҵУ
Ҷڱ֮УͷȥֻŹɿֲϢ𣬸ԼδŹϢʼս׷ᣬɽľŴԪ񻹷·׷ϮǰȪħڵıؾ֮·ϣֹħڶܡ
СնŴԪ֮һΪ׷š
ҶȡһֻӡԪƬֻԪУһͷʮ׵Ԫ³嵴ķӡײɢ
Ҷ׷ȫǼ̳ļҵľŶ׻ʾھŶ׻ʾĻд£ϳǧ׷ľŶŶ׻ʾǶǣȴǿᡣ
ˣʹɽҲ޷ȥԪ󶦡
ң֮ءֻԪƬֻ۾Ķס񶾵

Ҷ΢΢һЦ¶ѩ׵ݣھͳԵ㡣


340 ԪƬ
񾳴׵ԪǼȡʿΪ۶ɣ˵ǴΪϵ鵤ҩ
ܹɱ˵Ԫ񣬼ͬڰ˵ΪԷΪתΪΪΣ죡
Ҷ㽫ֻԪƬ븹æֹʦ֣ȥΪ϶ӣпɥ鵤Ҳɶ
Ҷæ֣ͣɻô᣿
Ľ͵񾳴׵ԪȡԪ׳γʵʡˣԪԪʣķͬóȻµĻ϶Ԫͻòʧң׵Ԫ̲˵ʶóȻȥֻ׼ᱻԷãܻᱻԷռĨɱԪ񣬳ΪԷ⻯
Ԫķһ֣һ־ǡͬһķǾ͵鵤ҩ̵Ϊڶ־ɵڶԪ񡣵֣ǰԪеʶĨɱоױ֮УױܣԪľ֮ҲֹЧ
ҶƬ̣ΪᣬϾǿߵԪƬ̲صޱȿֲеΪһСΪͻǣʤ֪
ܽԪƬͳͳգΪֻ»ٴǰ˵Ԫ̥Ԫκ棬˲ٵʤ㣡
ûзԪ񣿡вʣʵ
ûСͬһķԪв㣡϶ҡҡͷ
ͻȻһ£һɣԪʼڣ˵ǵ̽Ԫʼ򻯹Ԫмصķ򻯹Ԫ󷨣ܹ˵ΪΪܹԷΪתĳɡ򻯹ԪԪʼڵֻ̽ײ⴫
Ԫʼ򻯹ԪԪʼӦͬɣ
Ҷλ۸Ӻ档
ѧˣķħɣ˵ͬʱͨħķɣһΪɶħʥأϵĴɣ
ûа취ԪеΪôЩԪƬֻ;һɵڶԪ񣬶ǴױƳ鵤
ڶԪҶ˵ֻǸߡ
һֻŶԪԪһΪţڶԪ񡣶ҶʮɷŽʮԪʮ⻯ɶʮɷ
ɵڶԪ񣬲ȡ
ЩԪƬױױҲΪϧһֻʣһ;ˡ
ЩԪƬƳɵֵֻҩЧʵ̫ϧ̫˷ˣҲԪʼڵ̽Ԫʼ򻯹Ԫ
һԣ˵ҵԪʼҲܹ˵Ԫ񡣡
Ҷ֣̽ͷԪƬץȥ
СӣҵʶǺεǿᣬ޷ĨɱңҳңұռĨɱᱻ
УͷСɱڽеǿףĨɱԪʶұ԰ԼԪƳ⻯
ʦ֣֪һŽƣĥԪʶ
ԾԾԣЦֻҪԪеʶЩԪƬ֮λļҵǿߣ޷ѰǵټĴЩԪƬȥΣգƳɵҩס
񶾵СѾͷŮħͷҪʱʱ̿ǧҪҵͷС
Ǻˣǻˣϸϸ͵
Ҷ÷֣ͷСеɽʶĨɱɽʶĨ֮ͷС鲻ٽľľ㶴ԭء
ֶǾˣ
Ҷ־ϲɢȥԪ󶦣ſڽͷʮ׵С븹Уת޻Ԫ澭ɽԪƬ
ʱһޱӴԪͷСӿ±ڣȫÿһ䡣ļǿɽԪҶԪݡ
䣡
ѩ׵ԪӿһԪ֮ӵÿžžĴ졣
ЩԪӴ󣬳ɽޣòų⣡
ֻһѩ׵ԪΧһܣͬһҶԺһϵӵ
ЩԪͬƾΪӼƮݵϢ
ŵĿΨԪţ߻ħ
Ҷд֮¡¡첻ϢҲڲԽԽֲԽԽɲ⡣
ʦ־ȻԪôܣѵ˵ԪʼڵԪʼ򻯹ԪԾĳС죬ֻš
ãҶİɫڣҲʧ
аϧʵҶʦִģȴҲΣҵ˿϶ϲ
ֹãҶſ³һ֮⣬γһҡͷ̾ϢǿߵԪ񣬾ȻҲвٷңֻΪ
ɽһԪƬȻֻգҶΪҲʵȻﵽԪƷ
ľŴԪ죬ֻһԻΪ̥̥Ĥ̥ڣ
ᰵզ࣬ʦ֣ʲôķôܹ˵Ԫ񣿡
ӶΪֶΣħ֮вټ緽ѪħԪ󷨣Ѫ񱤵Ѫ񾭣Ӷ˵Ϊ;Ϊ
ɱ˵Ԫ񣬿ѪħԪ󷨺Ѫķ޷쵽ݷֻ֪ԪʼڵԪʼ򻯹Ԫܰ쵽
ķ޻Ԫ澭
ҶЦ벻ѧ
־ϲ漴ҡͷʦķôѧˣʦ㱻ʦų𷣡
¥еķ봫˭Դ˭
Ҷһָһָüģ޻Ԫ澭İͳͳȥЦΪԽߣҵĺôԽΪ㹻ǿ԰Һܶæ
һɽʮԪƬͳͳȡЦЩԪƬͳͳЩԪƬܹȸΪˣ
ʦ֣ġ
ỹҪƴǣҶɷ˵ͳͳЦӦõģû㲼ؽƣնλļҸԪβͣ֮󣬱ΪҲһʶĨɱ
һڴ󶦣ֻڴ󶦱ŴԪŴԪӡһȻʮ顣
ͷҶһնɽԪԴռɽͷԪɶΪ̲صֲޱȡ
᲻ƴǣ֣صͷĿǰʵȷ㹻ǿ˶ԪƬе񾳴ʶĨɱ
ҶӡЩԪƬһֻֻС飬׷ŭĿӣŮħͷŮħͷĽиͣ
ǺˣŮħͷǻˣϸϸǽ͵
ҶҡͷʧЦԼ󾡿콫ЩԪƬ
˵ҺͶΪƽˣԭΪⱲӶ޷϶㡭


341 ͯ
ɽ˿ҲƲѣ˵ʵҶʿֻһĨɱ
ȴҶг˸һնɱһնԼԪԪɵΪ
ŭǣܹӦԼЩԪеʶȻ
˵Ҷ˿ԪƬ޷̵飡
ľŴԪΪ˼ŴԪǧ࣬ϧǰѰ޳ԪľԷնɱ߶ԷԪ
УΣյһΣɱһͷ񾳵飬ЩɥУķСΪٻ춦Ӱͷ˿ͻһѿݹˡ
ԪŴԪΪǿһķ֪ٿ๦£ʮʱĳ̶ȣ˭ȻᱻҶʿնɵΪ
ңƵǣõ񾳴ףһΪ춯أԪ˺գ׷Ƿ켫һԪ֮Ȼ׽סһԪڵСӣȻСˣ
ӵδҶҪʬΣ
Ҷ˿ߣһˣУЩС黹Ҫܳһʱ䡣
ͻȻûλŮԣЩϰߡ
֪ôˡ
ͻȻһʼոߣ벻Ůһֳ嶯ȥٻһ
ɽҧҶ׷ᣬóȻǰٻȥǣ϶ٻ֮֡
ɽΪͬСɣ˵ٻ޷ֵҶĴκɽֻҲֻ·һ
;ŴԪÿһԪ൱κս֪ԼٻоɣֻһԪŭһܽݵɳ״Ĩ
׷Ļֻ¾ҪҸϵˡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻãã޼ʣʱƣڱɽ׷ɱɡٶȣѾ½ز֪
ۣ
һħ嵴ºɨ󺣶ʱؾˣԲεľĻȥ
ЩԲξһһصߴף춯أȺХҪֲ֪١
ǡӵ
ҶһϤǴӷħħƵһԪʿƵǿڴӣҪ֪ٱ
ڴӵħǿȴ˼Ҳ޷˼Ԫ
ѭȥֻǰһĴӺڿУѪӿڣ
һں֮ϣɢһɹɭɭһ෢վڹ֮⣬ԦѪӣǰ׷͸ϣ֪׷ʲô
ڤӽ
ҶһֻڤӺƺƵϢλ෢󺺣ڤӽرһħ֮
ڤӽ̲Ǳԭһôôڴ֮У
Ҷк֣ڤӽȻһɣشƫԶڴرĿຮ֮أ˶ϡ٣ħ֮еĵλɣɵʵԲڤӽһǿߡ
ĴĮУɵĲõرǧɽͼֳر֣ɱû˿Ƣڤӽӣһ죬㻯ɻҡ
ϧǣʱļҵǿ֣߳ٻ춦Ӱһ֮£ӻ飬ǧɽͼ
ʱڤӽ²Ϊȫˡ
ʱһƬҶǰȥҶǿƬȹһһνԼҲһڴӡ
ǺܾǰˣҶԴӵۣͽӴ͸Ʋӡ
ڤӽ񾳵ǿߣһӣڤӽ̵Ĳ֮
Ҷڤӽ˽⣬ڤӽ̾˵ϣ׷ݵԶʱڡʱԶ齨ͥͥһӳ˰ͥ£עظʮ˲ֻء
ظһδӣڤӡ
ֻ֮ڤҲ˴飬ϹʱһλħʿõһΣƳױڤӽ̣ʢһʱ˿ѷڻȪħȴɡ
λڤӽ̵ħǿûгΪ׻ʣûܽڤɽڤӽҲ˽û䡣
һɣûнѹˣȺۣûǳ顣
ڤӽ̵֮ڤӣһ֮Ȼ޷Ȫħڡļȴɴۡ
ڤӽڿຮ֮أڤӽôԶʮ
Ҷֻ֣ڤӽԦﳤӣХǰУͻȻֻ͵һңԶĺϣͻȻѩ׵ĺ⣡
׹ͻڴϺж׹֮ƽƽֿϵĸɫɷҲпɷ˲
ӴĽ֮ڤӽ׷ǽͯӣ
Ҷ񾪺һ׹⣬ȻǴħıߵǸͯӵĿ⣡
ͯһ֮֮УĿɨ֮ԪʼħڵǿߣնɱԪɥ
ͯӵϵϣѷн
Ҷбһ𾫽Ǵɽһ£ɽǿߵԪ񣬶նɼ֮Ǻε֮
ͯӣ˶ɽ֮ɣѹڤӽᱻҶĵ

һ޴ԴӰеҶǰһͷëԳԴ˶ɽĿʮףֻ۾ͬ
ͷëԳӦǱͯնɱȻͷֻʣԴɢޱȵ˲ս
ҶɡһѳݺȥֻڱԳԴϣһ⣬ֻԳȻƤëޱȼӲɡҲˡ
񾳵Ĵͯնɱ
ҶһͷëԳޱǿᣬӦҲŷǿߣ߽ͯӣȴԷĿɱԪɥ󺣡
ëԳͷ­һױθߵϲѼʬ壬ֻԴ϶ϲ
ҶСɽԴ𣬶˽ȥжʱһУǷᱻëԳԴһ
Ůڶ㣬긦
ҶƵȻδɣǷȱһϢҪĲϣ֮Ҳм¥ĹЧ
ؼǣڲռ㹻󣬱˵ëԳԴǼɽŽȥҲ´ࡣ
ǰȥֻһƬ죬ȻǱѪȾ죬аŷȡͯӵ˲٣ֻڤӽͽëԳˡϧôǿߣڽͯӵĿ֮£
ڽͯӣҶҲм죬˿ΧͯӵģȻǼǿĴڣѾɽں棬׷ᣬɲһȺ񾳵Ĵƨɺ溰ɱ
뿪ͻȻֻԶһ󻶺Ԭ칫Ȼһֱ㽫ͯնˣ
ãͯӵԴҪߣ
СһԴСһŴԴռ֮Ǳߣôֱװˣ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһ׹ֱڤӽȥǽͯӵͷ­
ڤӽϲæУͻȻϳһͨƵľݺƺ춼ѹ
ڤСҲҺ
ڤӽֽһæԴ£ڤӣɫӲƴһǣ÷ٵˣеԬ칫ѾͯӵԴˣ
ǿ·ҶĿԼ˫ֻ֣һѩ׵Դֻ˫ۣûпڱǡ


342 ḣ
ǷḣǷ
ҶһͯԴ۰ѩۣĿȴû٣һŽɣΪأŶЩ
ǽͯӵĴԴɴĽ֮ޱǿᣬɱǿͬݣںȴУ˴ֻʣһԴ
ʶͻܵش˫ĿգȻûԭǰǿᡣ
һҲһɽԲ񣬱пɥ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһͷԳͻȻֳֽ֣վڿУڤӽš
ͷԳһëëסĿȴܳûбëס촽΢¶
ѩףͼԴȸղͷֻʣԴĽëԳ˿Сб
ڤСʶ࣬ԬүүһëԳЦһ
ڤӽɫ΢䣬ŭһ
һ֮˽гСȻΪջ𣬲ǰͷëԳȻҲ񾳣Ϊ֪٣ǭպգǺɽԬɽİʵǿӴʤҲֻ
񾳹󾳽磬ڡԪڡڣԬ칫ѾڣһͯӶһӴ飬ĿǰԪڣȻǶ֣踺أ踺ذ
ʮӰһɫǺϵľӴϢ嵴ÿаӿƾˡ

ڶĿ棬ɨӣĿ͸ˮֱ͸صף׵Ĵ󺣣ͨ͸κˡﶼ޷ӹǵĿ⡣
ϳɡСһбŵģɲǼ
˿̷׷Ԭ칫һ̽ü붶СӣҼҵı
ĴͬɵָͬƬҶȥ
ǿʿǿ˲֪ٱͷȻ񾳺ڵΪԪ϶Ϊһ֮ǿҶҪǿ᲻֪ٱ
ټΪӳ֣һְֻĶԲĶռɽʱҪǿᣡ
ƣȻܹУϱ㳬ʿ֪гɣ򽫱øǿʲôԪ֮
ǭЩÿǧΪԶں⣬ûѹҲûлʳͳΣڣ˲ܵǿǿߡ
Ԭ칫ֻּץסҶһ˲䣬ֻʮֻץڿײԬ칫ĴײҲ˵ƿƣ˹Ҷ
Ԭ칫ĵرе߾֮ĵ̫ƷвˣǽգһԴͬľЦ죬Ц
죡
ſڣҶҧȥ޿ڱ鲼״ݣͬڶһ㣬
ҲȾָҵı
һŮȻë׵βͣչ֮ﳤ̣аβͽĴס޷¿ڣЦԬ칫ѾõԴȻӦùҺɵУСֵܣѱңҺɶȻİȫ
ʣβͣͬһֳִıӣХҶȥ
һͷľչ˫֮ͬƣգ˫ŶȻһ˫צһץβץסһֻצ繴̽ףҶץȥе˵Һڷ絺˴γֵ࣬ܶǱնɱֵܵסĿ⣬Ԭ칫ܴԣȻӦùҺڷ絺
ʮλ֮УΪ͵Ҳǻڵǿߣʵ֮ǿԱȼȪħڳϱĸ֣Ҷ˵ÿһǲеľУ񾳵ǿҲǭһĺϰ
ڶԸͯʱ໥֣˿̽ͯ飬໥ţ˭Ҳһ
ڤӽ״ӵתаǭڧ˵еϣ
һڤӶͷĺˣֻѪӷӿҶѹ£ЦλĳԶⱦ͸ĳգ
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Ԭ칫ŭһ˫Ŀ죬ݺڤ֮ϣڤӽĺˡ
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״Ц漴ҶٶȣȻգۼɳʮһðСӣٶôô죿
һԾ뺣УһͷʮĻ裬ͬһɽƿ棬Хǰ׷ȥβһʮԶ󺣶ıֿٶȼ죡
ͬʱ˷׷Ҷ׷ȥɶһͷβ׺ɽڿٱС
Գ
Ԭ칫һһ㷭ʮٶȱɶҪϼ֡
׷ʩչֶΣͨǰ׷͸ϡ

ڷ絺ĺֱӻһͷɫɣչ˫𶯣֮ͬƣȻˣҶ׷ȥ
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צӷ֮δץסҶ񣬾Ȼ˺ҶƤ¶һѪۡ
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ղΣͷָͷͯӵ񾳵ˣܴͯأĿǰеİ׹ԽԽֻԶˡ


343 һɷ
Ҷһͯ걻Ԭ칫飬ˣеİ׹᳹ʧֻܱһ֮ûԭεΪ׳۵ܡ
ͯױһӵо춯صܣĿ׹⣬նɱǿߵԪɱݣɨһƬ
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ѹ󶦵ԪгһԪ񣬷ͯӵϸֻƾ໥ںϣ϶Ϊһ
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ҶѭϢӭȥſڣһһһɣЦͯӣǴǰһ㼸֣񾫻飬ϸзӲǳ׵׵ĻɢΪҵһɣ
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ϸ֮⣬ҶУͯӵ˫ſ׹л۳Ρ


344 ǶǷϲ
ͯӵԴſ˫ۣҶʱֻ˫۾дһĪڷԼԪ
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ⱦЩ̫ˣҳܲ𡣡
Ҷ΢΢ü߶һɷܣҪȡԪĿ׹⣬նɱԪĶĿǰ˵ЩӴ󣬴߶˼ΣὫԪӻһա
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ٴοɫ֮֮ͬҲû׷
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׶ȻһŭȣֻҶʮﺣ涸ȻһͷͷԾ棬ڿζѸһ߲㱦Բʮ֣һɴ⻢ɵĸҶС
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Ԭ칫üѣǺЦ蹫СеıţϷҪԪܲܵסһ
Ҳһɫ粻Ԭ֣ˣ
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Ҷվڱ֮ϣͯӱҸ£Ŀ⴩ֱһϮں죬ȻԬ칫һϰɣСүͳͳ·
ͯӵԴЦһҲҼұĶ֣Ҽұ۾һ۱ܵϲ񣡡
̵ģС쵰̫ˣ
ЦǰһŭЦС쵰㱻ڸ֮УôţŲӴ߶󣬽еùͷҲʣһ
Ԭ칫ҲɭȻСӣ㹻ţԬүүϲˣԬүүҵĽһһ飬СͷĲ飡
Ԭغϻһ֣Сӣɱڣŭȵ
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Ԭ칫ɫ࣬ƳƳɭȻ蹫£Ǹ˵ȥɱȫң
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λһڣջ֣Ϊͯû˲ֻʺˣͯеһ
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ҪǱҪ
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ѽͯӵԴȥжʱִľС
ŮԹҶʦôôֵãϲռԴ


345 λ
Ҷδ뺣ɸ󣬱ܹ쵽ɸ֮УһɹǿϢͬɸһա
ЩϢǿѪɢУԪӶγɵ״
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ڴ󶦱һԼǿڴ֮Уʧ
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Լİ˵ԪֻȹɽȻɽԪƬͷʮ飬޷ƿ󶦡

ҶſһֻһööԪĿУͷɱѹ޷
ľŶҵĴ˲ֹһ
ҶһϲܹöԪʣöѹ顣
öԪԶĳɵΪ߶һɷ֮࣡
Ȼֻܴ߶Σնɱλ޷ԸǿߣǰĳɵΪĹ⣬ָΪҪ֪೤ʱ䡣ԣһɷҪͷ򲻿ɶá


346 
Ҷ̵һеղأһסʤţëЩҢ˱ĻȫС
סĽ࣬ʮĽֻ׻еջԵһ
ҲһʲСĲƸ̥Ĥ̥۷壡
ǽͷʮΪֱӿ̥Ԫ̥ڵ۷壬Ҳûпܣ
̥Ԫ̥۷ΪҵŶԼױӲһǿߣӦмְա
ҶȻȷԼ̥Ԫ̥ʱǷ񾳵ֶΡ
񾳵Ĵףʵ̫ǿʿԪ񼸺Ǵݿһ㣬ɨһйûлֵֶΣֻߣ
֮նɱκնɽԪ񣬿ĶΪıԣ㲻ϴʵ
ǶõһɷĿ⣬һĿնɱ񾳴׵Ԫ񣬷û濹İա
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ЩǰǸɵľӢȴŶݣߵɷӲ
ĲãݣȴҶֶθһУЩҲͳͳҶС
ҶҲֱӽЩױ븹ʮ衣
ʮڰؾ磬ÿǰһأ֮ܽڰԲ
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Ԫʼħڵıȷߡ
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ϢƮ죬һԪͬһ˿ạ̃ʣĽպ֣ЩصϢ
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̫ӵĴѰҵǸҶٱһߴǰվҶǰ´Ц


347 һײ飡
һҲǰĿ𺣬סҶ񣬵ǰ̫ӵǰӭȢ֮Ů˭ȴߣҶٱ֪
ݺ裬֮дһʢˡָʹζ˲ˬ
̫ӣѵ̫ӳ
Ҷ΢΢һ˵̬ȲΪ⣬̫ӳ̫ǵع̫ӡ
ػλİٶʮ꣬󹬼ʤµĻҲ壬̫ӳ͵˲š
ػѡ̫ӿǲңʵΪԽߣλԽȹ̡̫Ϊ̫ӣͬʱҲһ֣Ϊﵽ񾳣ƴף
Ϥ̫ӳδ꣬ͨ˵ѾϹŶʿ˵Ͳ
ʿ޳ԪԪ꣬޳ԪԪ˰ꡣʿ֮иĵĹ涨δ٣㶼һ
̫ӳδ꣬ӵ񾳵Ϊȷһ͵ĸ֡
λǰ˵ûдգɸٿᣬСӵƢԣ϶
褿Ҷ¶˷ܵĹâݺݵҶٱŴңҷҲнգ̫ӵ纫λǰ㻹δ
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һԪڵСӣ̫ӸмԸ㣬ɳǺֵˣѾǸӣ
ڵǿ֣߳ͬ죬ָͬΡΡĵĴ֮ͬĦƣѹһ

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ţһɺƺƵԪӿӡ֮УֻӡԽԽ󣬳αӡȻһ£۶죬ͬʯ

ӡʧһڱ֮Уɢһս
ֻǰ·նϣһ۷ŭޱȣĿ֮ռһŤչʾޱǿķ
ȻԪ񲢲ԪΪǿԶԶ񾳴׵Ԫ񣬱ӡɼһߣ
˱Ԫ֮еĲȱƷӵд˱ڶһ񾳵ػߣ
ɸǲƴ֣һƷԪ֮ȻǲȱƷͬСɣʿֳִ˱񾳵ʿӲƴҶ𶯣
Ԫ֮ΪУҪɱʿԪ񣬴봿ױ֮УƳɱױٱֹ
񾳵ĴףҲδӵԪ֮
Ҷ񾳴֮Уκ鸮ԪʼħǿߵĽţԬ칫еĽֻǴ֮ԶԶƲԪ֮
еԭ򣬱Ϊǵױ֮ûԪ
ӡһ֣ǣ˵񣬽һƵ۷壬֪Ըɵĸַ׷׾ۣӡļ۸ڶ̶Ƭ֮䣬ﵽһֲ֣һڲͣ
գӡļ۸ͣڶʮϣһλ֪ʿߡ


348 ׬һ
ӡϾԪ֮Ϊѵã֮󣬱аԪǿƥ
ʿֳִ˱ͨ񾳸һ̣ӡҶ񶼼Ϊȡ
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˴ᣬͨﶼǶȹߴɷϴĴ֮ǿ󣬶񾳵Ĵ׶вС
ȻЩȲԪ֮񾳵ĴףҲ˶ӵԪ֮˻ʹôױ
ֻȹߴɷϴ񣬻㲻ʲô˲ı
Ҷ΢ЦһǶȹߴɷϴĴ֮ٹЩЩ˷ˡ
һǴ֮
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Ͼؾɷ֮УˮɽɷѰңɷΪɷɷӺС
ȹߴɷϴĴ֮ټЩ񾳵ĴףһõױǶȹɷϴͨ
Ҷ˵һİȻ򲻿š
Ҷ΢΢һЦûнͣȥ
ĴױĽңŶ߶ߵɷͼױ˿ֻ̻̼ԶԶƲϴ
֮Ƽ򵥣ԲżߵҪ̼ͨױֻ¸ոսɷ֮У᳹׷飬ɷ
һټ̼ױҲδһԶȹһɷϴ񣬿ɼױǼΪѵá
Ҷһıôױƶɣȹߴɷϴ׾٣ˣļʱǳ
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Ǹոճ֣ҶֻУɡͻȻ졣

ѰɡȻֽ⣬Ҷγһųʮɵѩױת죬ö

֮βֻͬѩ࣬Χưȥ֯һۼĻ棡
棬İһԡ
ҶȻסΦˣΦˣ϶ɡɲ֣ΣҶҪŪ֣
Φ˳ĺż֮УʮϸСױ϶ɣӦһսΦˡ
Ǹصٴ𣬳˱һױĲмҺɸʦҲδо˱Ĺã˱ʲĲȶȹŴɷϴĴ֮ҪӲ
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վڸ⣬ֻ洫ײͬ滨޾
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·ֻ귽Բ˶ޱȣǿߵԪ񣬱ϢԵóޱȣظ


349 ֤֮
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ҶĳȣסɫȱһζҪĲϣϢ
ֻнϢ뱦ܽױܳչ
ĿǰױĹδչ϶ڸǿ
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λߣԴ׵ΪҪԪܽϢҶȻƾһֱ֮㽫ϢУʵĿѡ
ҶϢУ˿Ϣ֣еĴʯͷء
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ǰȻһ棬Ƶһ칬صΡ׳ۡ
칬ֱñīݣ޼ʣޱߡ
칬֮Уһʮ㱦ΡȻɢ޾ܡ
޴󣬸߲֪֪һεһſ˶򲦿ͬһööСɵ
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Ҷ񿴵Ŀ࣬ͻȻζ涸ȻԺʧӰ١
ղһƳ֤ΪƵױѹ죡
Ѿȥ˲֪ã֤֮ʱյĳһ䣬ȴȥ֣
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ʥصĽҲ޷
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ҶֻǾһƳ֪۵֤֮յʲôط
칬عڣǰ˵֪ʱ֮УҲѰκ˿
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۵֤֪֮ʱҲۼ


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Ҷ΢ˮɽɷ𣬻ڷߣֱɷԪ̥׳Ϊڵǿߣ
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Ҷ⼸ɷףһξ룬Դ˲ϡ
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ƿߵŮӣվڱ֮ǰɭȻҶٱͷúܣҪͷСʥءԪʼʥںҲͷֻҪɱ㣬ܽΪŮֺµȥ
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һ˹ǰһԪ̥һԪԪ̥֮𣬽Σ׶һΪƽڵĸ֣ȳ̱˻Ҫǿ󣬵ҶٱλС磬棬ǧҲҪɱ㣡

һ£ֳݣԦ۶ЦҶҶٱˣʮ⣬Ҳнգ

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ļҵĳߣݣмΪ顣
Ԭû뵽Сӵôˣο²ҪǶ֣ᱻɱˡɶЦ
Ԭ칫һƳƳҶɭȻСӼ黫ͬһ㣬Ҳ׽ס˴ЩСһɱʡҳ֡ЩСһɱɱЩСһ
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Ԭ칫ɱڣЦڴ˴ɱƣҵһۣ
Ҷɨһַֻۣ׷׸Щ˻̥ʵȴΪǿ󣬿Խսǿߣлв֣Ϣӿգݻױ֮Ρ
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λҶҶٱ˵λŮɱ˭ԴȥŮ
ڵ嶼֣Ҷٱ׶༪ˡ
Ҷٱͷʢ죬ϧҪڴˣ

ҶˣȻ壬λ֪ô
ɫʱüΪѿ߸̱һݳūŭһսվԪ̥һֻԪԪ̥иֳɭȻôĿҼֻ֣ūһˣܽ㴦
֣̱һֻƣļͷūСذϣ㻹Ķ֡Ϊ˱ʾ𾴣Գ֣ժԴ
վһɴϢӿʾޱȸΪʵ̽սϵһսץȥȻļ֮ÿɱˣֻ趯һض֣ҲֻһƥУֵ֪Ҷü
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ѻȸ
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351 ɨһ
̱߸ĸ֣ڵǿߣΪ¼ΪߵļȹɷϴĴױųÿһγֻ֣趯һױԸɵ֡
СϲųÿγضҪԪ̥ڵūͣΪԼһ׳ơ
̱ȷʵ˵аܼڴպգΨһһܴ죬ؽ֣սƽֻ֣һ³
һλõǿߣҶһΦ˱Ӳ飬һҲδ£һļ¡

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ҶһܣΦ˻ζͬһ﷫𺽵Ĵ󴬣ֻǿдΦȴûд΢ЦҾվһӡ߳ɵΪ˭
һƬĬȻ̱Ǵƾһг͵˲ţ߸Уǰʮ˶ҶгŹһУûжаܹʤҶ
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ӿ׷׷Լڣֻͣ˲ߴʮɳ̣ͷһţǣţͷĿͭ壬ͬӲƥ

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ҶһֳŴԪ񣬾ķ뵽Φ֮Уֻѹ£䣡
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ÿһ׹ˣ׹б㴫һȣһ˴Ӱ׹֮վ𣬺ηǹȥ
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ʢһʱĺͻȻ֮ʧͳͳӰ٣Ϊһ׮δĹû뵽ǱȪħڵ̫ϳһ֮
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ĬĬͷʿ񾳣Ǵףʵ̥ǰ仯ֱ仯νǷ츲أ
ʿ񾳣Ԫʵʣ֮ǿ֮ǿԺ䴩գϿƿָ߿յɷΣ¿ͨġ»Ȫ
ʿһǷˣǴףǴ˵񻰣

жȻһظ߿һޱΣյϢȻ٣ֻһɽαӡҶѹȥ
ӡȻգһͷֻʣ°һצ֮ϵҶץȥ
һצ̽·ؼֻʣһֻ޴צӣʱԪϤ̣ռ䶼ǿܣԶԶκһױ
Ԫ֮ӡ̲ס
λӡǮˣ̲סˣ
Ԫ֮Ҳ̲ס֣ҶٱԴɱԪֵ֮Ǯˣ
ࣣࣣࣣ
צ֮ռ䶼ץóһĿĵѺۣڵѺͬ֩Ҷ֣
ӡˣںȻ֣ӡһɱҶ


352 նԪ
Ԭ칫񾳵ĴҲ̲סĿ⾼ֻ˻ɱҶ񣬱̳˳͵ϮҶͬʱɱ
֮ԲֱӳֶԸҶҪǵҶٶ̫죬ߣֻû㹻İս¡
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Ϊʵ㲻ǹµһӷͻ˵Ҳ´ɱͷŮ
ŮǹŮҲҪûȤȤҲֻܸ檡
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˵ֻҪǹˣ˵ֻϣɱһνУҶǸˣǵ֮ӵȤֻҪʯƵİΣɡ
ӡҵȵľ㣡
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Ԭ칫ͬʱһ׼ֵһɲͣضסŰ׹⣬ֻ׹Ƕյڻſ
ѵⱦţܣܣӶҴã걻ˣ˵ʮʱܻڣԬ칫ʧ
ͣ
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ӡеԪצӣӲжϣ漴һ춯ص˻𣬰һž޴ͷ䣡
׵Ԫǿ󣬼㱻նϣҲֻʧһΪԪ˵ûд󰭡
Դ֮ȴûлԭѪ񷣬һû˿ʬ壡
ͯĿе⣬նԪͬʱԪоһնȥҶĽ𾫽Ҫֲ֪٣
ӡԪ֮Ҳһ׷ȥеܣ
ֽڳǧʿûϵκҲû뵽ҶȻ־Ե·̣һȥһԪ֮

Ҷһɷһɲǣɽθ֮УŴԪޱȺصѹҶȥ
顢ȸҰ̡𡢽ԡǡɣľŴԪÿһԪ˿ѷһ֣ռƺŴԪѹ
׹֮УǿüĿĴԴͻȻתͷ
⣡
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ԲǧһƬ谵ֻԼͬŭ֮еĹۣԱ澿ʲô
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ֻڰдŭ𣬶Ȼֻ۵һ죬·һȻ׹䣬ס׹⡣
գۼ䣬ָֻһƬ
Ҷٱɱ㣡
ɽԶԶһ˿ʹԶݶȥ˲Ϣ
ڸղŵһ˲䣬ҶһɷĿ⣬ľŴԪͳͳնɱǿٻ춦ӰӲһǣֻľŴԪ˿ѾϤնһ
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Ҷ΢߶һɷֻͻ͹նɱԶԬ칫ɨȥգֱڤɨһУ
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Ԭ칫ӲɽľŴԪĿļ춦ӰӲƴһͱ˵æֽһԾȥ
ֻһͷѩԳһգӶݶȥһͷ裬Ȼ뺣Զֻʱӣɶһͷβ׺ɣ쭶ȥ
˷׷ʩչֶΣӳҶһɷĿɱ˷ΧԶǧХȥ
գۼ䣬ʮ񾳴ͳͳĶӣӰ١
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ʯ˷֮ɫЦǰɱҲС
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֪ҶôֶΣȻ򲻿ʯҶ֣˿ƽ޹ʵһλǿС
»ͣҵıӡ⣡ʯƲģе
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Ҷһǰȥ΢ЦСܵܣʱ˵£ǻ˵ġ


353 Ҳɱ
ҶҲʮ꣬ʯƲСȴһһСܵܡ̿
Ȼ΢Цȴ곹׵׶ɱ⣬֣ͼɱҲԥֽԷɱˡ
˵СǼرѾɱ㣬㻹ҪŹ֣ⲻǴȣظ
һʿ磬ᱻԼ
ҶƳǣԵ±£ԹԹ˾һߣһһɣ˴һȭһȥʮȭ
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Ҳܸоϵɱ⣬˶һۣɭȻҶٱѾãαؿƣǲ㣬һԼ޼ɵСɫϷһ֮ɱ֪٣
Ҳ񾳵ĴףΪΪǿΪܴ߶ǼＸΣѾ߶Σҿ˿ΪֻѾĹ⣬ٴ߶һΣ
֪ǰλ˭
ǰһֳһԪһЦλǹǵ۵ӣݣĵλٱǧҶǴ治ûܹס㣡
ԭǹǵ۵ӣ
ɸУ˲ʯǺĿǵħ֮ǹ֮һΪɲ⣬ɶ˺ܾ֮ǰ۷壬꣬ʾ
ʱգǵ۵Ϊ񣬲û˼֣ؿʵʼʵۣҲûǰǹս󺺵ۣҲңǹ֪֮Ѷˡ
˵ǵ۴ˣΪѾӽ׻ʣҲ˵ѳΪ׻ʣڳ۵ľ硣
ʯǺǵ۵ӣݣþ˾壬η֣
ǹǵ۵ıӣ
ҶȻЦѹӡ
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ҶٱղֻһᣬҪΪУֻױȻѾȥӡô¾ҹˡ΢Ц
߽ӿڵǹǵģҶҼ֣ʧӦڵҲס㣡
ЦҼһëˣﲻȻȥҼӡػ׷ˡ
ʯƽе»ͣôŹҵıӡ㣡ֻҪǸԴǲŪұҵ
߿Ҷ񣬰ȻҶٱ۰ɣǼױſǹĲ࣬е
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΢ЦҸԻᳬ㹻ɴףླ
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Ҷٱ˴ҪˣǼױȻǽ֮ޱȣϾܳԲܺȣÿδ߶Ϊǻȴʵʵڵĺô
ԹླֻҲֻǹ˲˵Ҳֻǹ׵óôһʲƸǹǲƴ֣
˶һۣһЦ˿Ҷ񣬻ߵҶٱ㿼ǵΣ
û뵽ǵ֮ӳΣȻô
Ҷ񵭵һЦΪҪҵı
ЦƵֻҪɱǣеĲƸǶˣ
󵨣

ŭȣҪѵҶͻȻֻҶͷŰ׹֮еĴԴȻſ˫ۣʱ
˶ǵ֮ҲɱǴ治
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뱬ȣԪҶȥͬʱͬʱ𣬼סʯббȥͻ͹Ϯ
ͨԪԵҶһɷĿе⣬ʯѡ
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ȻѣһƬͬĹĻ৵һ˵Ԫй

˵Ԫͳͳ飬гƵм
뷢һ춯صŭĿⶸȻһ˲ŸɾǵԪһҲͬʱɥ
񾳵ĴףûҶ߳һУԪնһغ
һʱ¥ֻ԰ټƵ¥ռе䣬׹뺣Уɫʷ׳ʣвĽȻҲв٣
Щһأ뺣ף뺣׵֮Уʧ
ããϾȻ˶ĲƸ׻мҪ࣡
ҶоⱩֻڰգһɾ޴δ뺣еͳͳС
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֮ǿЩѾ뺣׵Ҳ棬У
˲ūţʹ˶ĲƸǵ۵ĶϣӦжĲƸɱϴһκɸ󣡡
Ҷһݣһɷеʯɨȥ
ǺɸйսˣҲȻûϵҶȻײУ׺ݣ˵Ϊɱǵ۵ˣȻǵ֮Ҳɱ
ҶٱҪˡ˶Ҷ֣֮۾ֱˡ
ɱǵ֮ӣĻˣֻôȴûã
һɷĿХʯû񾳴ҲնɱʯֻһոԪʿֵܵ
¶ʧ֮ɫең
СܵܣүүҲûãҶЦ緢
˭ҶҵĶӣһޱȵͳͻȻ𣬺ذơ
ǵˣ
ҶһݣֻʯƶͷϸͻȻ󿪣һֻѩĴֿü̽
ֻѩ״ֲǵʵƣʯƵϸдԼһʽȱ׷Լӵ
ָֻֻһ֣̱͵һصһɷ˫Ŀ֮Уͯӵ˫ԽԽ
ҶֻԼһܵҵĳ嵴÷飡
꣡
ľŴԪɷһ˲䲼ѺۣѹɽԪƬԪҲͬʱžžѺ۱鲼Ԫ
ֻֻ̽ҶȥҶֻԼһ̶ޱȿֲѹƤһһѪۣžž죬ѣ
ֻǵ۵һʽȱ׷ǵʹǽʯƵϸʩչ޷⣡


354 ׷۷
ǵ۵һʽȱ׷չ磬񾳴׵Ԫ
ʵʲôױǧͨױһ£ͳͳ߽⣡
ҶڸоĿֲǵ۴޿ɶ㣬޿ɱܣΪױֻǰûκô
ֲֻݻΪױҪͬʱҲڴеıʤĳ״ݻ٣
ǹǵ۳֣ȻֻֻƬצȴħһİչ¶ɣ
Ҳǵ۵УŴԪΦһɷͳͳ
ҶŭһŴԪдУΦһɷȻݣֿδ׵ѹ
ࣣ
ӿһѪΧ巭ڣͬշеˮ޴ѹڴݲױ;ŴԪļӳ֣Ҳֵס
ǵۣĥҵģԪת𵤲֮
Ҷͬʱתķǿд߶ֻӲӣ⣬ͬһС
ֺųǿķͬʱתҲ޷ǵ۴࿹⣬ֻδаٲ֮ңҶѣѪ
ǵ۴ѹĽ𵤲֮ٵѹأ޷ֵ
Ǳ֣֮ǵ۽Լһʽȱ׷ʯƵϸΪıΪֵһɱ١
ֻһ᲻ģֱֺɱ
ǵ۴ּҶһͻȻֻһƺƵħѮԷ˵ĩʱΪɮģķ𷨣ɮ֮ħ֮
ͬһĵĿƪɭɭħͬһħӾĻȪ߳ģһ⣬޾ĺҵȼա
λħթЦݣ˶˵ԼĽ壬Ȱ
紸ÿһ³ͬһǿĴ󴸣ݺݵǵ۴֮ϣǵ۴ֱ˰ף
仰ܹʮ֣ͬʮǴ󴸴ǵ۴֮ϡ
ʮ֣ʮػֻǵ۴һǧףǡǡ˵ʯƵüģƵ˻صʯƵϸ֮У
ҶѪˮͺˮʪ֣ԴʮɽķﲻǻȪħڣ
ӦôӻȪħڷ˵أǵ۴֣
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񼤵ȪħڣΪħڵѾнʱ䣬ôʱԶߣʲôʲôΣգԼһŴδ
⻹һεõȪħڵıӣζڻûȪħϵħɵͬ׵׳Ϊħڵһӣ
ͬʱҶҲԻȪħڲͬΪħԼĹ
ʲô£
ɸеһƬãȻȻ֪ڸղţǿߣССĽһΡ
Сӣҵӡɱˣһˣ԰Ƥǣ
ʯǺ뺣ɸķΧ֮Уʢˣɸеһۣɭɭ˭ǰɱСӣҽһĽ
ɸеǧʿһƬȻϣϢִ˵еıҲûһĽ
ӡǼȱԪ֮ᣬֵвϢ
һĽþգɱԽͨһѵ񾳴Ҷ֣
ҶһȫѣƤ⾭ҲִССѺۣƣԪҲѺۣ⵽ǰδеش
ʣԪҲ⵽ҵѹƣ֮أ˵ʯǺһʿܽС
ڣŰɱſͬݣӡɽԬ칫ʮλǿߣնǹĴףս˲ĿľսΪС
ܴʱƣԪΪ⵽شˣǻûһ˵ǰѰĻ
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ҶȡһƬ׾ס죬ƿʱֻ׾һĨĿĵѪۣ΢ЦأصҪ
۾һЦģ
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ҶֿȳһѪ·еʱϨ
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صͷǵʦ֣塭
޷ֻҪصǷ壬ҵȻȬҪǣɽԪƬΪһٽҵΪ̥ҶĿκսԽԽȵɽԪƬͳͳֻ¾Ǿսӣݵ飡


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355 ľ 
ʮɽȪħڣ
Ӧڵһʤѩֱһ飬ϸϸƷģ㣬ݰףʮ꣬·гˮ͡
⸱ģ˿оħ֮лȪħڵһڶ˽̻ꡣ
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ǵۣһֻʾ˻ڵ۷壬ҲûгΪ׻ʡ
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ʮ꣬ΪȴгصƣΪ񣬶ĸԵãһ
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ںɸһսޣöԪΪһգ˿̻ڿ飬Ϊ
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ͷ̲صɽΪΪѸٻָΪҲڲԽԽӽ̥
֮⣬빬ƲӡԵ˵վڵ⣬ĿŴȥѾӺħйȻջķᣬΪ٣ǧƱеһСԪڵ
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Ե˳ţɫתߣʮɽһЩֶн飬Ҳȥ輸


356 ʮĤ̥
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ػһܣ̾ϢǵıãԶԶȲԪ֮κʦУ˵ԪʦܵرʦܸԵΪˣ۽缫ߣеıҲõó棡
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һۣоȻ
Ƕʮɷʼʵ۴µĽ
ɻ֣ʮɷֽųǿĽ֮һʼʵ㿿Žɨ
ŽҲǻҵĲ֮أػʳΪάŽĶһ޶ӵܳ¼ڻӵܵԺ½ƣӵսҲǵԺ䣡
ôᾫͨŽٶ𾪡
еĺ֮ϣҶƯһƣ֮ϣһλӱ˫֣ȻĿҶѵˣˣļҵһֻ뵽ҵĶʮɷ֮УŽĵǶǡ
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Сӣҵ겻ܳʱ䱩¶ڿУܿɢҪǵӦҵ飬ѰҵĶʮͭˣѰҵȻҸ
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Ǻǣҳһˣ´챦ֲԶˣ
Ҷһϲ̾һ¥㣬ֻռ޾̫𣬳ޱȣȼա
УɴȻ

ͻȻӵзɳͣڰ֮Уתֻһȥ
֮䣬̫𣬱㱻һգ¶ڵء
˶̫ܱøӺ嫣ȻԽԽߣգֻƺ㣬ÿһƺһأ໥ӣ״
վ·ԼԼ̽¥ĲĿռ䣬ֻǾ̫Զ
գڽ¥Ĳͨ򿪡
Ϣ뵽֮У̥Ҳ¥Ĳ㣬̥ĴС
ҶûֱĲռ䣬ȥŸߴǧɣͨ죬Եޱ
ŻУӡʱ⣬رͳͳӡУ

Ҷ˫ţŬ˰Σֻ˿Ǳ񾳵ĸٻʮӰŽŴ򿪣ԶԶûдﵽƿŵĳ̶ȡ
ţǽڽĲ֮
Ҷֻ÷ĵ֮ʲôԪ֮֮ҪȻڻ򲻿ţǰſȥˣȴҲֻŲܼ⡭
Ŀǰв֪Ѱʱ⣬Ҷųȥҡг񾳴׷ɱླ𾳵ϹŶ¶̲ס
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һǵݺᣬĿġ
ⳡսޱȺΰ׳۵ĹȺ䣬Ŀ꣬ңûκ
ҶЩƵĹĨȥֱԺз·ͻȻһŭһɲӵ־Щԫϱдƺ˵ս
ʲô˻סĵ֮УΪʲôԭ򱻻١
ҶΪ棬ͻȻֻľ첻ϴֻЩƹ׷׵£һƬޣЩױ׷µĺۼҲͳͳʧ
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ѵղŵһ֣öʵӰ񣿡Ҷк֡

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֪Σ¥лʲôķ
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ױ֮Ʒȴǰϸķ챦Ԫ̥Ԫ֮ȴԪ⣬һַţԪ񾭣
صڹǷ嶥ʮ죬˿̾ҶκԼ֮ԽԽ˲Ľ
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358 ħ
һʱ䣬ҶڽɽԪƬͳͳǿԪƬɽԪɶΪֻһ󾳽磬˸С磡
ֻһɲԪƬΪԪԽĸ󾳽磬ʮС磬ȹɷϴ񣬽봿ڣ
ɼҶΪǺεȻԶԶˣΪƵ壬۱ҲҪѷɫࡣ
ͻʱԣҲѲ֪ٱûɽԪƬֻĻѹҲҪͰʱ䣬̥Ĥ̥Ĥ̥ƷҪʱ佫
Ҷʦ壬κڼڱֻ̼̣ܼٱ١
ؽֻ̼𣬳˴˱ԪʦܽκʦʲôҲ԰㵲£չʱ̫ʱȣ¼ȫԸҲ˶٣޷״߶̵ֻܡ
ǿЦգܺùûУʦױһ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦ֣λǵĺҶĳˡѵλΪҶĳҶĳΪССɾ⡣
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ЩԪƬնɱǹ»ã㽫˵ԪնƬ
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ҶֵλҶĳң벻Ҫƴǡ
һۣ׷׽еԪƬ𣬹ֵҶҵȥ̳Ϊһ׳ƣ
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ϣÿһֻҶһöԪƬ֮Щ϶ԳɳΪԪɵױԸԪ̥ڵǿߣ
Ҷ˵գûƲȡӣǧöԪƬ֮Уޱǿᡣ
磬ҲΪ׼һ񡣡
ҶȡһֻɽСͷЦֻͷԪնɱһȱԪ֮áֻͷڻ£
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عЦЩԪƬ˵ȷô󡭡
Сֻһˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦгȡһͬһͷ鲼һױŷֲޱȣһԪڵʿվǰֻ¶ᱻ÷飡

زݣ̲ſֲߣֻؽ䣬ķѵ󣬵ΪٴСķȣ
Ҷգۼ㽫һʿֲĲƸ͸ˣһͻʦѵ֪ԼĿܣ˽ĲƸַǡ
һȻⲻ֪ҶַЩֻռĲƸʮеһɶѣ
Ҷɵ»ͣջ֮࣬ɵйʿޱµླ赣㡣
ȻǰЩûླʺ˵
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Ե˵˶һۣԷеɫȻҲΪҶûʤ㣬˽ԼĲƸɢˡ
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ԵˡƲӵ˸𾪣ǹУСǶ΢ʹǶ䣬ǿĽ
ŽǼǿľѧศɣÿһ磬СǶ΢ȻǶ䣬۷壡
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ħͳͳصʥ̳ʮ겻һ£ʦֶز¶ʦֶԵ񣬺ʦֶʾʥδض֮һ

ҶĿɨȻħӣʵȻ֮ǿκһҪǿ᲻֪٣ĿǰʵԶЩ˵Ķ֣
Ҷʦܣ׼ôκЦͻȻҶǰԶ


359 ֿȭ
ҶȥֻκŲ۱Ѫ󸣬ץһѴ󴸣һȵڷױ촸
Ȫħڸɽ֮ҪԼıĲ촸еƷ
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ҶֻԼϸеԪƺľܳ棬һصĸоҶȻΪԼԪ֮Զľܺ棬ȴľܳԵ
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һԵʯƲƲ죬磬һǸӣõһöľ±ųϱмҪõı
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һһմҶգۼʮգʮĤ̥̳ͬϿնȻʮ̫ųҵĴϢ

ҶͻȻֳָһߴףգдУһööĤ̥֦֮ϣ֦ͬϹʮ̫
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κޱȣǻһŭȼգŭУرֻľܵתԽԽ֮ͬƣХͣһͬһ㣬ڴܱζͬѹ

ޱߵľӿ𣬻һľ
˫ֲŬҪվ
Ҷվڶ߿ȥͬڿһֻŬϡ
κʦ֣ѹ㣬Ȼ
Ҷ΢ɢŶ΢ЦҸһ潻ֵĻᣬķڷ
Ȼ̳֮ͦУֻ;Ŷ׷뵽֮ڣӳǿޱȣ˿̵õ;ŶԼԪʮĤ̥ļӳ֣ҶֻԼ˺ƲԿգա
κ˿ڴվҶ˫ֿտգЦҶٱڴ㶯ǼնɱԪرô
Ը㣬òţ
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̳Ľһը̳ȻȭҡҡλΣҶһȭȻ񾳴ԪǰǿһͿͬħ٣
ҳֿȭܽ


360 ǿһͿ
ҶʵʵڵʵԴӽɽչʾǰֻ׷ױչֳʵ
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κ־ŭ֪úҶղ֮ԷһǶ֮ģǴ֮ĥԼУԼڼΪ
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ŭһֻľԽԽ󣬷·һڿе½أֻĲľÿһߴɣΡΡ࣬׳ޱȣ

Ҷһȭڽľ֮ϣֻľ׷߽⣬ԭɴľ֮漴ľȭ޷ƽľµķ
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Ҷһȭ촸ɣһ۽ĳնϣתͷκһȭնƺʱѣɭȻһԪ񣬴ҵĻҵһԪ񣡡

κŭȣٺˣſһֻ۽ٿСûĿУƶʱǣ漴һУ촸ҲС
κݣħڣֳԪ֮ƾȻҶ˿
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ʵǼΪǿ󣬲ԪĴף
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Ҷ˿ԾŶѹľŶǶȹߴɷϴĴ֮Ϣ֮ҲǿףѹԪʮĤ̥ӳ֣֮ǿﵽ˼ĵزȫԪ֮
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Ԫ֮һ޴ȭͷӡǣеľ޾Ԫ񶼱һȭ


361 һɷԪ
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Ҷ̾˿̽ʳָԪʯԼ֣ƮȻȥ
׻粻ÿˣ϶ѾҹǷѹθɾǷ̫ϳϵĲƸʦ׻֮Сϧҵʵ޷˴Ԫ֮Ľ
ҶͬʱѹԪҲоЩֻʮĤ̥ԶãеĴ֮Уֻһڴ֮ϣͨɽͻҪ޴󣬸ƣޱȣ
ԪΪѾﵽŲȱܴﵽ۷壬ǰԪɢأһΪУȴ
ǿߵǿƥ԰ƣ֮䣬ĵȼգɽһɵ裬εΪ׳ۣ
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ǽΪڶɷԼ֮ϡ
Ҷһ£΢ЦȱԦ棬Ȼ˹·ޱȡ
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СʥظǽϹŷӵʬɽ


363 ǰ
Ҷܽɵڶɷȫ˵ǵһɷĿҲ˵ֺ
ϧĿǰΪ޷ΪС

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Ҷֹͣſһ޾Ԫ븹Уĵ̥ҪԪǨ㵽Ĥ̥֮УԪĤ̥Ĥ̥еĴԪΪ֣߶Ԫ
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ݺݵұ㲻ţСˣӵ¸ֵ׷ɱ


364 
ʮƽھŲ㣬ضһִɷ֮УֿɷϮ尾ʵȴǰǿ󣬺ȻѾڡ
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ͬʱ߸УҲвֵ֪֪Ϣ̫ϲڻ֮ϣ·߸ǿߣüһá
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ҶٱɱɽʦܣôõľâԪ񣬳ΪȱʣôҵΪһǧҵĶˣΪ˱㣬ҽ·
ڸԶ̫ϵڣԪʼʥڣԪʼħڣڣڣţڣ̵õϢ׷׶ȥ
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һ˸ߴͣΪ׳һòãٶȻ˸Լͷıϼת
㣡Ҷòһʿ棬˶΢΢һʧ
ߴ͵ʿҶ֣ʶλ̨
´Ҷ񣬹ֵԯ⣬̨մ
Ҷ֣
ҶĿⲻƣסθߵ£ԯƤЦⲻЦθߵ£ʦӸʦԯ֡
ԯԵüΪҺ񣬺ǺЦԭͬʦֵܣһʦѹʶҲ˵ҶٱҶħ˵أȡͷ
θߵһΣæӹ磬ЦʦֵܣǸʦ˫ܣɽƹԵɺǣΪҶħȻ˵أȻҪʶʶõħͷ
ȻһȻЦҶħʮɽֵƴҲҪö
ԯȻ𾴣̾Ҷ־ȻȺ岻ѡҲ·˵أǡλ˵Ҷħڴˣһħֵķɡ
ȻһЦλֵܱЦСܵһγšҼĳ˵ն񣬺λֳȻСܱ˹ˣֻ»ҪǮء
Ҷθߵ¶һۣЦԯֿˣֵܶɽһеǼθߵ£ѩ̿Ҷ٣ԯָǣ϶û
˱̸߱˵ʿ֮ȤţԯֻҶθߵԽ̸ԽͶ޲㣬˽Ϊֵܡ

ϿնȻʮ֣ȴԪд֣дҶҶٱİڴˣ
ڵİչҶٱս
ԯ⺩ЦҼλչӣΪǲ׵Ĵˣ׽УչѾڣͶȹߴɷϴʱ񾳣뻯ڣĸĴѰɷɷȹŴɷϴ񡣡
θߵզ࣬Цɷɷε󣬺εͣ˵׼޷ѰѰˣֻҲû㹻ȹ
ԯͷ֣صȷʵˡչҲȷΪΪ˫ĥһУգ˵ǣսҵң⣬ҪͰѶԷҺԩ޳𣬲ôƴǵˡ
˶٣Ц˵ȪħڵҶٱҲֶΣ֪˭ǿһЩ
Ҷ̧ͷۿЩּЦҶٱ˵أЩּӶأ
ԯգգ۾ЦħͷɷаԵչӵּܲŭȻħͷĸʢ϶̲ס֣˵ǣѪϴһ飡
θߵµͷħͷӣ϶ŭԹ
ҶΪ޹̾˿Ȼ˵ЩĸʢҲΪһ־ʹ󶯸λҥЩħˡ
ͻȻֻ˸ߺԪʼʥڵˣ
Ϊ˶ԸҶħҿȥһ÷ݣ
Ⱥܶ׷ǰȥ
ԯ۾һһֳסҶһץסθߵ£ҲǰȥЦǰ˶ؿ䣬Сʥصɽףδţ˹ϵܺáԪʼʥڵ˵ɽ񾳣ӭȢӡϧɽδɳ㱻ҶħͷˡӴһΪɽˣ
ϵܣҶħͷĳУ°
θߵҶգգ۾ǺЦδˣ
ҶƲѣԯЦԪʼʥڵĲҵӿ϶ήٵǴСƹȥ
Ҷθߵ¸һСǰȥͻȻֻ̧ͷȥ컨׷£أһ«䡣
«УŮӻȻɣ̬ƮݣòɷһɴŮߡŮعɴȻĿ˼ˣз·һŹ٣Ღң졣


365 ߵԵ
«䣬ûڲԶһƬլԺ֮С
ҶǰֻƬԪʼʥڵĲҵѾɽ˺ˮйͨԪʼʥɵĲҵûж˵ȻĶ࣬ȴûж˵ҴС
ৣ
һһɹ֮Уͬ磬ֻһӽŲ˫ԣɾˣˬʵЦӣĳӴϧԵһӺβƿɴĳһ÷ݣ
İչӽȥˣ
̾ϢڵݹأԽȥݲֻ磡
ͻȻм߲ϼζмһʮ֮Уֻϼ֮УһɫƣƺвһЦ֣ӻɥڼ䣬ȡɴ
޲Ҳˣ
Ҷߣһʿп˵ӳʱಡ˼ҵ峤Ϊȡ޲ȷʵ˵ãδʮڵ۷壡ϧĲûã˵֮ǰ޷޳Ԫ񣬱
һʿ¶֮ɫ˿̼˽񾳵ʵĸӲ㼯ɷԪ̥ԪŻ񾳣ȹɷɷɾ֮󣬳޷󣡡
޲Ҳٵ֮Уһգʮ𵴲ͣҲˣ΢ЦӽڰɽȻˣֵܵĴ𣬼ĳһ߾ȫնɱҶħħ֮ͷοӣ
СĻ̫ˣ
ͻȻ洫һЦֻһ״ͦأȻ֮УĿ֮⣬޼ɵɨӣЦ㻰е˼޷˵ȵĸ󡲻ңȵ˱ضǣӣһȵˣҲȣǿң
޲ɫ΢䣬ǵŮǰСκһ˶ܲˣĻɫ漴ԭԭǻԪڵĻƿʦ֡ʦ֣Ϊʵֻ»δҶٱڴ˵ˣ
ԪڵĻƿЦһ֮𣬴ִޱȣЦСսĳôĳһֱֻѵ˵㣬ҶٱǸҲҪһֻѵ
̵ģ޲ɫ࣬Ȼ
̵ģ
⣬ҶɫҲÿȻһ䡣
ԯЦԪڵĻƿǳĴ³һ³ʵȴϸģҶ֣ǲҪƭˡ
θߵ͵͵˿ҶɫͻȻǺЦԯ֣ǶдͷˣԽٵ档ҲǳţΪʵӸݣ˭ܱȵңҲȥ
ԯһ£ԥ̫ðɣҵҳǰңҪ͵Ҫǡ
Ҷ񵭵ħֻħĶʼңԯᲢۣЩЬҲ䣡ֻҪݣ˭ԣ
ԯôһˣ˹ƻ˼ЩЦȻˣǱȥĵĽȥͺá
Ҷڴ¡¡ԽԽߣֿݣе֣˿Ŀ
ѾҪȻϣΧ
޲˵ҲˣɵϹҲֺáϾǴ󺺵ľڣԪʼʥڵĲҵûԪʼʥڵĸ
ԯôЩƣȴִֻθߵµҲָݣı˱Ŀ
иƣҽʶλֵܣôϲĿʾˣѵҲ߽
˫£Ӳñ˵ǡθߵ˽͵
ԯ֣ҪȥȻԽƴԽãųҲҪˣɶԯۣԯҵͷҶ
ҵ˵͵
ԯ⻹Ҫ磬Ҷθߵһһңסԯ⣬˳ҶһȣƶȻɢԯս١
ƿֲޱȣ·һɽѹ£ԴϢƳ嵴֮޲İ硢ƿ˵Ĵ֮Ҳҡڲ
¡
гһ޴԰ƣͬһɽ䡣
Ҷʩչ׷һ󲻿룬׷ʹų֮һʱ
ԯⱻҶģվ֣ҶϵܵΪʵҲˣҪѷɫ࣬θߵֵΪ࣬ʵôǿֻҲԯҵıҲĶ֡
ף
Уؿһ̧ͷϿտȥĿ¶ʣǿƣ
ɽ䣬֮УصֱͬһΡΡζԵóޱȡ
ԯԯӼݵ˱ܣθߵ³
ԯ⣬ôųİһɫá
ûѵ
ҶĿɭȻϣ·ͼ󣺡Ҽҹӣԯ֮ѪޱȣųӦ֮󣡡
İɫ΢䣬ƱˣЦӽٴ˵أҲūһƽϡԯ⣬ս㲻ӦսڴˣҶħľս¶棬ʮĳҲնˣԯ⣬ղײգҲһս
Ҽҹ֮һƽϣ
ԯ֮ϣҶһַֻļͷɭȻСһһԯ⣬ԯ֣Ҳеģҹ£
ɽر֮УһֻΡΡĴ̽İХ£
ֻ֣죬ָɭȻأ޿ɵ֮У
İŭЦĿӿŭԯ⣬һҲҶ֣ҽҹ£ãҾնˣȻװŪ
ͣ
˫ͫһһףХ˫ͬڰ˫ԣһҶĴȥһȴɽ
ؿζֻһŮЦչӵʵȻΪүʵ
ؿ΢΢ͷȴɽ֮ǸϵٴδɭȻҷң£
꣡
ֻɭɭ£һ񣬱㽫ͳͳ飬£ѹİ˫ϥһڵϡ
־ŭ裬ŭҹ¡
أ
ֻɭɭֻһֻ緽Բƣѹͷʼ޷иŭᶼ˳
ðҼҹӣǳͷҶ񵭵
Ȼԯһ£һڵĸֹϴǺεȵİԵ
ƿҲ°ɡҶĿƿ
ӿûеԯ⣡ƿ־ŭףе
Ҽҹӵ֣Ҳеģ
Ҷһֻ̽ѹ£Ҽҹ֮ӳΣ򣬾Ǵ󵨣Ƿҹ£
ˣԪ֮֮壬ֱ
ƿȻŭһӿһԪ֮ͣһ֮뵽֮Уʵǣ֮ǿĿ࣡
ҹɱȫҡ
ͨ
Ҷָ£ĻԪ֮֮ѣһ֮Ƴ⣬Ƶòڵϣͬ޷
գۼ䣬֣㱻ѹùڵأʧ浴Ȼ޴档
ʱ򣬿Ķˣ


366 벽
˿̣ؿ併ͱʿΧˮйͨҲвʿ
ԯңʵ̫Եˡ˿⸱Σ૵
İƿ˹ڵϣɫǺͬΣİޣͬˡ
ֵضûУ㱻Ŀ֮£ѹùĵϣǺεȵܴ裡
ںͻԪ֮УҲżͲ󣬱ڣ񾳣Ϊ׵Ĳſ
˵ĶڵѪǵһӢһ㽫ȡεĳɾͣ޷ѽ֮裡
Ҫɱ㣡һҪɱ㣡İޣ£ʵĿɽֻɽ֮УһƬ뵣סˣӰֻܿԯ֮ϣͬһ
ָݵΣԯ֮󣬸Ŀ
Ҷ֪֪׵θߵ£Ҳ֣Ҷ֮䣬ѹĿܣΪĪ
ԴĴĮҶдĹȥθߵʱӵκľκԿ׽٣ΪоΪҶľ١
û뵽˴ҶҶʵȻҶĲҲԽԽ
ֵʵȻô֮ѹڵĸ֣Ҳ޷쵽
ԯ⿴˿Ҷֿ˿ڵϵİƿֻһо
ˬ
ޱȵˬ
üʹͣߵõʲôرҪˬ
ͬʱЩ̣֣ǡ
լʺ񣬲Щ˵ΪЩΪʵ㵨Ϊóͽͽ䣬֪ԯҲС壬С󣡡ҶɣȻһɰ
θߵһ԰Ʋ죬˲֪˼θߵ¶Ҷ֪֮Ȼ֮ԴİͻƿˣȫȻΪ˳ȫԯķ˳Բѷ˻ǡ
ԯҶ˵Ҳмֵͬʱ־ЩЩ˷ܣҵٳʱԸңһҪУҪ͵˽ĲύˡǰͳͳˣֻеύûзȻߵȴԯҵ磬ҵ֪Ȼĵúܡ
ɽ֮УҶĿ޲ɨȥ޲ܹоĿԼϣȻ
Ҷղų֣ѹڵ֣üɵ֣硣
ΪҵĽܳӵܣ׻ҵĴˣʾԷңͬҲ޷ͷ
Ǹҳ֣ҶֵסֻüǼƴŵԯңҲҪɱ޲а
ԯ֣ԯá
ҶͷЦȻ֪ΪѼ֡
ؿŮҲ쳣Ǳİͻƿ˼Ϊãû뵽Ҷϴݿ㱻ѹòڵϣ
һѹλڵʿΪ㲻񾳣ֻҲȥԶ
ԯ֣ȻвﲻˣԯַſǣںͻԪڽ񡣡ؿʩһЦ
ԯ⼱æתͷҶ񣬵ѯʵ֣Σ
ؿ״Ϊ죬ΪҶǷԯˣԯ⴦»ҪҶɫѯ֪ԼǰֻЩ
ѵԯҵĳߣпܡаҶݸӺ档
Ҷ񵭵үԯң裬ΣԪΣȵ֮ң˵ĸʢΪһϷһΣ֪ߵغ񣬶֮Ϊ档
ؿ䰵Цƿİ˱裬½ΪҲħ
ؿĿֻҶվԯ⣬ǿĿиӺ棬Цԯ֣βɢȥɽһϯԯֿԾͽ̸˴ҲԵ׽һЩ
ԯϲæɽؿȥ
Ҷɢȥ׷θߵಽؿ̧ۿȥֻθߵףҶ֣ɿ
תЦ֣Ϊβɢȥ⣬Ҳÿʶʶǰݣ
Ϊβժɴҵһ÷ݣҶϣǺЦ
ΪδˣҪɥ֮꣬ڣҪɴּ¡Ȼ鴹ӨΣƺ硣
ҶݣƺؿжĳҲ顣ĳǰݺὭһʱԯҳ۷һǿߣԯҵūţʵڲһʵ顣ʵĳҲǼٵģñ˵֪ҵıĿҴǰ
ؿ˵ʶĿ˼˼ûλͻȻ伣ǿߡ
֣֣ô
ͻȻһҶѭȥֻһ꽵ĿЦ˭ģôĵӣȻںͻԪڵĵӵͥ£
ƿİ˼ˣ޲Ҹضȥ
֣ǻ׿Ȼڵĸ֡
ԯҶͣ׿ȻΪߣѾƷΪֱ׷ڵĸ֣״ӣɽΪʶ˵Ůɽ㺣˽׿ȻһǵõҶħȥϢصظ˵ء
һ˴ƿİڴ˵أ΢΢ζȣЦ֣֣ʲô
˸޵ݡ
λٷ棬ƽ̵״ӣԯҶܵ
Щ˶Ǵ󺺹ŸɵſüһáԯֱҶһ飬䡣
Ȼǵһγţԯǿ֮ңϢԴֶйעԯ˴γţ׸Ǳֵò
ƿЦ֣ǲ˵ˣˣԯѹڴˣһӢһ
׿ȻɫŭĿɭȻԯ⿴ȥЦԯ֣Ҳ̫һЩ
ҼүΪֲθߵվԯЦ
׿ȻоⱩЦɭȻԯҵһūţȻҲҶ˵ԯֺȱټҽ̣ѵѵūţ
Ժһ޴Ԫ̥Բף֮Ԫ̥֮Уֳһͷ˶ĻԳߴףȻŭһ̽צץ
ͣ
ԳצƴԪֱ̥۱ǣθߵץȥ
벽׿ȻѾƷˣֻһ񾳻ˣԯɫ΢䣬Ȼθߵ½һ
׿ȻԪͷԳһ֣Ѿ񾳻ڣ˴Ԫ̥аһצȻ˼ǿߵ


367 
ʿնɱ׵Ȼ٣ױ˵ƾΪնɱס
ҶҲǿᣬ;ŶѹŽκܡ
񾳻ֻһ֮Ϊʵȴʮǧʿֻʿ񾳵ʿȴǴףϱԿࡣ
׿ȻѾƷԪ벽ľ磬Ԫ֣ǿһֵ
ȻֻһֵҲͬСɣԳһץ̽ƿ̶Х·ڷƮҡĿ֮Уҡڲƺʱܱһץ飡
ԯɫһ䣬׿Ȼһ²Ϊ˳ͽ䡰Ҷءô򵥣ԼҲйĴ㣡
׿ȻȻҲһٻܣҳһ󣡡
Ȼ񣬵Ǹ뵽Ҷѹûƿİֹڵϣ׿ȻɽǡˡͳͳܣǶ
׿Ȼ˾ٲԽںͻԪڣûƿİһӶмԼԼ룬ô࣡
һȷȫԸֻҲӲ¶УֻܶҵҵǼԪ֮
ԯҪԼױͻȻֻҶǰͳϣүһСүԶ֣˾ͽҰɣ
ԯиж֣湻˼֮һҪ˰Ϊ
׿Ȼߵԯ⣬Ī㲻ҳֻ֣ǰ

ҶЦޱȣɭȻС̫ˣ
һֻĳƼ˺ƴĴֻδ£ƷȻХֻǰ淽ԲʮȻף
ࣣ
ĴԳצһ죬ͷԳһָѣ׿Ȼɫ䣬⵹ףɫǺ졣
ҶһԪ΢вȻѵͣ񾳻ڵĴף
ҶҲһһȫȻûжκױҲûԪӳ֣׿ȻͬҲûжױȻֻ΢ܴ
˵׿Ȼʵ㲻ҲȥԶ
׿ȻϵױҶնɱȻڻ£׿ȻӵпҶıʤ˵
׿ȻٷҲȥԶдµ壬׼ҵĿΣһһǿߣ󺺵ʿ˲ű򲻿ΪսʤһκСӢۡа
СܽһƶΪʵҶǺЦ
׿ȻһסҶֻҶ壬˾ʲôģ
ԭǰ񾳻ڵĴף֮󣬶ĳʱŲ꣬ٹãĳ׷ΪҲҪܷһƶ
ȻԻƿİӶȻ
ҶǺЦСŲţϷһƱ㣿
׿Ȼɫ䣬Ȼ£ĳǰãĪΪĳ㣿
ˣ
ؿ䲦ң裬ϵɱһɨգЦλǿĹͣλ֮λ
׿Ȼ߷£Ȼ˵ҲٴҶ֡
񾳵ǿߣϾǴףףҶûԪԪ񣬼ԼʩչֻҲֻһ·ߡ
ҶؿҲһݣؿ䣬ɽǿˣȻܲɫɨҵɱŮˣǸ׿Ȼ˿ѷ˵Ҫʤһ
ױŶѹκԪѹĵڶԪԼԪҲá
ܶõıֻʣµһɷǿѩ׵ĴԴ
ǼһɷҶ񣬵ʱԴǿΧҲҪ޵
뵱ǭ򣬽ͯ⵽Ԭ칫ΧԬ칫ӣ꣬ο
֣и֮룬ǰܹŻһΡ
ؿ̣ЦǰѾǣҲ֪ˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦջѹ˵Ԫ֣Ц룬ĳȻ
İʧǣĿãȻͻȻһȥ
ҶһΣռڴ˵ء
ƿȴϥϵĻҳ·ղŻȻûзʲô£Ҹλ¡
һ̣ƴ³ļᶨʯǸҶĿڻƿϣΪ͡
ٷ滺ҲЦûмԯֳ֣һ¡ܼӣһõ顣
Ҳ׷׽΢ЦϧҵԵۼӵգ̾ĳЩɽֵأֵȻҶħ⵽⣬ȴļΪɴ棬Т֮꣬ڣ˲ټ֮ò˱򣿡
̸һϯ渶ˣ˲ò̾Ŀڲţҳ
ؿ̾˿Ȼ˵ЦˣΪδˣͷ¶棿˵Ҷٱħͷκսش㾭󺺾ڣǰ棬ͣȡħͷͷ­򡣡
Ȼ𾴣ЦҶٱħͷֱ죬ǶԾĵǰ浹ҲˣȻĴֵ˽֪ˣұɱ֮
ؿգһСŮһֻ֮²ħͷĶ֣λܹⲻ⣬ο޵ûʣز𡭡
̾˿ĵɥҶħ֣֮ʬ޴棬ģ˭ȡħ֮ͷ檣û֣аħ䶼޷ˣ
⻰ȻĶ
ղȻ˵ƯҶˣһ紫˵ǰħ˵δظҶ֣ؿ仰ƴ
Ҷͷζ޷ĲƸ͵λ
ϣмΪӴĲƸױǹһĽȡͷСʥءںԪʼʥڵ͸Ӿˣ
ˣԴȥ̳ΪŮ
ڣؿҲԸҪκֱ֣ŮҪˡ
룬һһС檣鸾ˣݲؽڱǰȻĽӣڰȴԼһ˵ĽôŪôŪʲôӵƶƶǶôгɾ͸еһ飡
ӺԼ
̾˿ЦĳѧԨԴõһԶŴУ㣬ܹҶħĴλá֪λϿħͷ֮ױԿɣСܱԽħͷλãȻǴ׷ɱȥΪ³
Ҷжʱһɲĸо
ؿ۾һȡױƬЦСʥصǰľŶղмöƬŶƬ֮У̲ħͷľ
δϲЦã
һױȴһ飬չڻ֮ζ飬һ֮
ȡһŶƬеһƾ֮У̴߶飬Ҷķλ
θߵ²ҶҲȻִˣѵҪɱ䣬Ѫϴǡ


368 
ϸϸۿǾ飬ֻеŤ죬Һ½ڣȻһ㡣
кͼһϹʱĲȱױҿ׼о֪꣬Ҳûоеԭ߶ͼļܣǿ԰쵽ġ
Ц漴ɫ΢䣬ҶħͷѾڰ֮ˣ
Ҷ˿ĵһﷶΧ̫ҵλã˵ԪʼʥڵĲҵҲòɱˡ
θߵҲ˿ϾԪʼʥڵĲҵؿʥڵʥŮԪʼʥڿ϶ɸֱ
Ҷݱ¶ڴˣټԪʼʥڵĸˣֻ¼ҶҲҪ׶༪١
֮ڣħͷӦúܿ˵ءɫ΢䣬
ħͷ˵ѾǣƿɭȻ
׿Ȼ񼤵Ц֣ﷶΧ̫󣬲֪ܷСһЩ
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ĿɭȻҶЦ˵ںɸһ֮ɵıɱ񾳴ףʮǿߣɱ˵ڻȪħڣֿȭκһʱ
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Ҷԯ뿪ǣؿθߵȥķ׷ȥ
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θߵ²ԯ֣дˣҲҶء
ԯһۣЦǻҶãҸղűҶ׿ڳϣҶҶٱҲҶأ
вգұθߵ£ŵĸͣ
θߵƤĿ£ҶԯѾʶǵĿҪҪɱڣ
ԯŵһɸߣŭ쵰ղ㻹ҳֵܣھɱڣ
θߵæ֣סļͷЦԯ֣СǿЦš˵գҶ񶪸ɫĲɱô
ԯ⼸Ѫ˦֣ûк̵ģôֵͬ۹ù
ڿЦԯֱ⡣
ҶЦȥԯҲãʶʶҡв֪ѰңȡҵͷĴңҵýͷöȥ棡
桭
ԯսҡͷҶ֣ʵ֮أ²ʵܽĵطླ𾳵ĴףȥҲǾһһĻʳŭ֮أ۷йŭĵط׻ʡеĵطеգͨʿ󣡡
֮أϹŴ̻ʳľ֮УԽľΪֱͨͨ磬ʶ֮λ
ʱһͳ磬׻Ĵ½ףʿǵʱǿ׷ʢҪǿ֪٣˲ţţ֮׷ӿ֣׻ҲֲλΪԻ͵һ
һһκһʿ÷ʢһʱ
ϧ֮Уվŭۣ۽ŭ𣬴̸𣬲֪׻ս׷ʧ顣
ڣһͳһĻʳ֮ĴܻʳʼգҲûдﵽ̵ʢ̶ȡ
һʳķż֪лжôգ


372 ͻƻ̥
ԯɫأǰԯһλðմ棬뵽֮ĹУɱԯҳǿߣ߶ǿƿؽƣֻҼλҲ֮У
θߵ²ȻԯҵļǺε˵õ
ԯңħ֮УֻжʼҲſᲢۣԯ֮Ȼǿħʥ֮ȻҲ̻ʹĹЩɱҪиЯǰȥӪȣ
ɼ̻ʹĹǺεȵգ
ҶĿĵգҶҪȥһ⣬ΪѰ֣ѯ޳ɻ̥ΪѰҽľ£ҵԪǿȣԪѰľ£ֱһĺλáԣȻҲԣ
Ѱأ޷ΪѯβԪһ޳ɻ̥
˿̣Ѿ棬¼ִ඼Ѿϵ·ϣ׼ɱѾѾԵǰ
βԪһߵԯθߵ¶޳ɻ̥ĸ֣ǲʣðճ棬ɵϵΪ
θߵȻֿ֮ӻõƷһ·ԪֳĤ̥ڣȹʮ٣޳ɻ̥ٶȱҶ񲢲ѷɫ
Ȼļһл÷ˮ𣬻ޱȻ޳ɻ̥Ȼ֪βԪһԪĤ̥ݡ
ԯǳţڵĴ֣ԪһȻҲԼļ⡣
ԯλڴ󺺾ڵĴӺݣĵط֮ңҶһӺȥһѯˡ
θߵºǺЦԪһ˵򵥲ҵĤ̥ƷǡСʥصһոĤ̥ڣδ޳Ԫ̥ǿߡҴҲңͶսһʤһϡͿԪһ̥ڣľתԪľԼ
ҶƲѣκսһʥಫҲûθߵļ
ԯЦԪһķѹͻơַΣգȡҵԪһʱҵֱ֣ӽҵԪĤ̥֮У̥ڣ
Ҷƣθߵԯˣһսеͻƣһְֳæַ˵á
Ƕսһͻƣ˿ḁ̊́ڵʿְæֻ֮˲ܷģף΢˼ܴĤ̥ٵԪ
ûвʣѯʵ
ȻС
θߵϸϸ˼Ҽǵһλźļһҽ̵Ľ¥Ӱ££һͻƣԪһģҲ
ԯһλڿʱһ鵤ԪޱǿᣬĤֱ̥ӱĤ̥֮СԯҲһַ
Ƭ̣˱ʮֱ޳ԪһӣЩ˻߶򣬻иķҶ˵Щͳͳʺϡ
Ҷ֣һһԡ
ԯЦҺһ߶Ԫ֮ͬѹԪʹԪĤ̥ݡ

θߵ۾һЦҺСΪߣԪ֮Ƕִ߶൱һףҾͲţһ׳֣޷Ԫһ
С⡭ԯƲѡ
ҶһЦ⣬һԣ
ȻԪһɹ˲٣˱Ҳ
ߣ֪ͼͻʱвԪĤ̥Ѷ
˴ԪһʱСĽΨߴһΪ
Ҷûʦ̵еΣԲ˽⣬θߵͻʱϡͿ֮±ɹԪһԯǼ򵥣ڣԪһʱޱɡ
Ҷ֣һִնȻڿУΧŷ裬âҫޱȡ
ʮĤ̥ʮգ׳գ
ԯ⼴ǵڶμ⸱յΣɸоޱȣ̲ס̾һ
Σ·ϡԶʱʮʢ
һֻʮԪ񣡡
Ҷ΢ֻȻѣʮ磬ԶӦһöĤ̥
Ȼʼʵ۸һֻͬʱҲɢ˿ҶֻǽԪѣĤ̥ΪҪʱԶýʮԪ϶Ϊһ
һֻ˵һּѵķţܹѸΪʵսɣǶʮɷǿһҶַţһֻΪԶʮɷʵ
ԯ֣֣ǿԳˣ
ԯԣһͭ޻
ı֮УֻһױȽȽȴһöһͭöͭӦ޻˵һ֮ͷ״绢
뻢Ϲ֣ӵѪͷƤϹкǺ
ԯθߵȫ߶Ԫֻ֮ͭ޻ԽԽԽԽŵСɢɬĲ
޻ĵشױı磬濴ͬһƬֽŵĺһ㣬΢΢ζ
ˣ
޻֮ƬռͻȻ΢΢ζһģһֻë׵צ̽˳
໣
ƬռĲԽԽңֻһͷ绢ԪӺ̽ͷצӣͭ޻棬ȽźҲ޻Ŀռչ
ͷ뻢ݣվڰ֮Уֻͭ޻·һȦĲϡ
Ҷ֣㲻Ҫֿ
ԯȵͬʱԦͷ뻢Ԫ뻢ʩչ׷뻢üͻȻѿ̽һֻë׵Ĵ֣ҶԪĤ̥ץȥ
ֻԪץסҶһԪĤ̥תͼԪĤ̥ݡ
ˣ뻢Ԫһ𣬾ԲѷԪڵĴףˣҶԪû뵽Ĥ̥֮С
ҶĻۣĿ£ÿͻһ󾳽磬أǱ˵İٱǧ
ֻԪ֣޷ʩչȫǲԪҵԪĤ̥ԪǿдĤ̥֮У
ҶоһǷĳ֣ʮԪʮĤ̥ٵһҲڵɥ
ԯθߵ˳һ£ҧҶϵܣֲס㿪˵һ
¡
뻢̧צݺ£ҶһԪ֮ϣĵĵ֦֦Ҷ˲֪٣
ֻ裬ɾĵôһöĤ̥֮С
Ҷɫ԰ף۵˿Ѫ漴һĸоȻоöĤ̥֮з·ͻȻӵһ࣬
Ԫ·һöӣĤ̥ʼԪ׳ңԪڷ׳
ҶĨȥߵѪȵ
ԯθߵٴβ뻢Ԫ£ҶѪٴθоԼԪڷ


ԯθߵ¿þĶǣ̶ʱڣҶϼˣ˲֪ٿѪƼأ˶ڵҶֲסʱܵС
ƫƫӲףݺݾʵ岻ѡ


373 
ʮԪڳĤ̥ˡҶ̧ͷȥֻԼߣһΧ裬ÿһ֮УһдУ裬ϴ֮мȡ֡
̥һ
ͬʱҶܹоԪ񾭿ʼתԪԪݣԪһֲֿٶԪ̫
ԪһֲֿٶȳɳܹоԪ֮ԪζѾԪһԪԪΪһ壡
ڻ̥ǰʿԪԪԪԪ߸ݣ˻̥ڣΪһ壬ñȴǿǿ
ȻҶΪûбø񣬵ȴĸоԼʱʩչͬ׷Աȴǰ࣡
Ҷ֣֣̥Խл̥ΪʿԪû㹻ǿ󣬸ȣʱᱻĤ̥Ԫȹ̣Ĥ̥ײɶҡ޳ԪԻζ㼴Ԫ̥ڡ
ԯް˿渶̸ҶͬҲָθߵ£νԪԻԪĤ̥㹻ǿۿɼʱԪ񻹲ʵʣ޺ʵ֮䡣
θߵ¿ҶһۣЦٱԪԻĪѾԪ̥ˣ
ܹ֮ǰԪԻ˵ԪǿףʿԪ㹻ǿҲпܻǰԪԻֻ֪мʥزĴԪ֮
ԯԺǺ棬ЦҶֻԪԻΪĵ̣ûп̥ڵľ硣ԪȣĤ̥ԪǻɳƷ֮ȻȻԪ̥ڣ谭Ԫ̥ƷҲ赲ı
θߵզ࣬ʧٱԪѾôǿˣһ·ͨˣ
ԯεǴԪĹá֣㲻Ԫ̥ڻֻ¶ἫΪգ˰ٱǧ֮ݣ
ûˣθߵ·߷ߵ
ҪҶֵĻʵۺۺ˿µľءҵ˵൱ڸǷӣǰڻԽι̣ӱԸǵñȱ˸ߣȹ̣ԽԽףΣԽԽѣʱܷ¥
ԯЦҵ˵ΪΪͻƾʱͬˮһ㣿ΪӵйâϹ۵ԪƬϣǵĻȹ̵ÿ£˸ǷӴػֻܸ㣬ԸǾŲķӣ
θߵ¸ơ
ҵΪ˼ҵĻǶ϶ϲġ
ԯҲ¶Ľ֮ɫҶ֣Ԫдд֮ϲĻ϶йԼԪǰдϢ
ҶͷЦԵɺϣʱˮɽߵɷԪԪ
ԯ⻰ҲƲѡ
ɷѵãɷϡУҶȻǰѰɷɷɼʵںõó档
ĵǣҶʱֻΪɷϴԪԪɼԪǿԪδ⣡
ֱǷˣǱ̬
֪ҶִԪķţô
ԯĽѣҶ޳ʮĤ̥ʮԪʱһĴؿɷѵãɷԪԪ̥ͬһɷһ㹻ˣҪʮܽԪԪ̥ˮɽɷ̫ѣʮɷʮɷ㹻ͷ۵ˣԪԪ̥׳챥ҪѰʮɷʮɷ
ʮɷʮɷԪԪ̥״
θߵĿ࣬૵ϴţҲû˶ضɷ̫ʵҲδһ¡
˼ӺȥҶת챦Ԫ̥߶ķʼԴԴϵ޾Ԫ
챦Ԫ̥ԪٶȣԪʼڵ̽Ԫʼ򻯹ԪҪǿҪٶȸ죬ΪѸ
Ԫʼ򻯹ԪֻĳɵΪ챦Ԫ̥ȴɣ
ͬʱԪҲԪٳɳڻ̥֮¸ȡԪ
̥ڣؿͬͻХɽ֣ھ죬Ҳûκ谭Ԫ̥һ·߸ͽٶ֮죬զࡣ
θߵºԯܹоҶϵϢԽԽأûãҶȻͻƻ̥һƷľ磬Ʒ
һķξҲһڶ̶ʱڻӴԪͻһС磡
οҶ񲢷ֻһ̥ʮ̥ĻޱۺͻһҪԪҲȱۺ˲֪ٱ˵ٶȣӦñȴʿҪ
ǰһȴˣҶٶȲȴ˶Ҫ죬ҪѸ٣
ٶȣǹĴǶ仹Ҫ죡
ԯθߵ¶һۣɫأֹֻһŽȴǶٶȿ죬ǾԪʼڵԪʼ򻯹ԪҶһʿôܾͨš
ٱǸ֣Ϊˣ
θߵգգ۾ɷнµͻɣСǸˣ
ôһ˵ҵúܡ
ԯʾͬҶʵ̫ˡ
һ·ϣ˾ĶǣҶͻƾ磬һʱ䲻ΪȻѾͻĸС磬̥Ʒ
˻̥ƷٶȻţһפ㲻ǰ
ȴΪ޾ԪѾȫɵΪɣΪĸС硣
ԯθߵиӲ죬ǰҶٶȿÿ£ȴÿ£־޴Խܡ
ǰǴӺԯͻȻָԶһƬǳأЦ
Ҷθߵ̧ͷȥֻҲûе棬һͨĳУҲηûӦеӡ
Ψһǣǰеģһ˫޽޽ͨΡΡ⣬˾̾
ʱһ¥Ӿ޽ʻԶȥ
Ѿ޽ԯµĽԯԯܵһǰѾ޽׻ȥ
Ҷθߵ½󣬲ԯ֣ڹʥؼԯһָϳѵ˵ԯңֹһ
ǵȻԯָϳҼһмЩ඼ڳ˯֮СԯЦ
Ҷ쳣һӵһԳƵʥأԯҾȻ֮࣬ңޱۺ
˽ԯ֮УҶ񲻽ΪǰһĻ𺳣ֻԯı֮УȻһ磬
ңı֮УȻżָϳ֮һ½½֮ϾȻԯҽĹȣгǳʤ
ԯ˼ǳָıָϳԯң˵
ڸԶĵطһòľԯϱľˣĿһöȼգ˫Ŀգƺڳ˯֮С
ʬ˵ԯһս޳׻ʣսˣǽѷĴڡ
֮󣬰Լʬ£ɽӻԯ
ĵط󲻿
ֱڣҶ֪ʲôң
Ǹԯָϳеһ֮У˸ոս䣬ֻһݵŮӭЦ磬˵ĺѾ֪ˣĽȫҪȥ鷿ŵ
ĿҶθߵϣ˵λǿˣҴĴ߶ˡТӡλȲ衣
ˡ
ԯɫͷ亹ʧǵ鷿ȥ


374 ֹһλ
Ҷһԯĸ֣ŮͨȻ֪ԯֵΪ
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ŮЦҵֲɣô֪ʲôҺթѡ鷿ţҵʱ϶ʻһȻҸĺ£Լȫ˳
ҶԯһãĲҡ
θߵҲһԯôʵһˣȻ˴ãСʱûٱ۸
ҸһγţȻѣһǻصҼңĹϵǳ
Ů۾գѽգԵúЦҽԯ£ǽʲô
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θߵҲֵҶءֶɽʿʦӸʦ
ɽһҶбеǼθߵ£ѩ̿Ҷ١
ƭ˵ǵʲô
ԯ˫ֱΧҶ˱ıԵûŹ֣ЦҴС˵˵ڣһ۱㿴˵Ĳ滰Ҷͬˣαڣ
Ҷθߵ³ԯϳʵһˣȻôãܲ˵ı
£ҽҶλθߵ¡Ҷ񵱼ݣЦ
Ҷ񣿡
ԯͷϸ룺ˣҶٱħͷ
´Ҷ񣬿Цλ˵㣬ȥ㣬˵޶ҿ㳤òʲôˡҸ绹Ҫ鷿ȵҵڼңȥˣ绹ҪһʱƭҴĴתתõʱԹҵĺѡ
ɣҶݲ׷ʣҶεĴԯҵʤٲȻһСͷ˿ûΪҶö˼
ָϳе׻磬ͬһĹȣûзֻԯҵʳǡ
֮УԯҵĵӣԼˣڶ࣬ǿϢԯĸףӦԯеĵλߣԯͬСһ㣬һ·֪ʰ
ѾͷȻƤκ˶û׽ŪԯʱӣȻļҽ̼á
ʲôӣӦôû뿪ԯң
⣬ҶҲ֪λش
ԯͬһԴȻȱپɥʧȡ
ңһطԯʤչĵطľҲЩ塣
Ϊգգȴ࣬ʿԴչȭţһõ
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ԯºİĿ⿴ȥͬһĽ˿ȸЩį
ϧҳš̾˿
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ҶͻȻע⵽֮Уһ죬ϴһױһ
ʱʿ죬ǰֻһȡһԱߵˣ˵һӡֻйâ˾ʧ
Ƭ̣˴֮зɳһȻЩʧǡ
ԯ̧ͷһۣЦվԯҲӵܵʵ֮
ĪԯǰƵĲ֮
θߵ¶֮ɫ˻ã˽⣬Ҷ͵ԯǰԯҵţƵױ˼룬ЩЩȻûЧȴΪˡ
ױβʿʵҶƵ
ֻҪ㼤汦Խ뾵Уױ֮ı޷ãֻƾ˫ֺ׷
ԯЦֻҪھеı磬бһλʿͬľΪ汦ΪǼҼӵܵΪûгɫĵӣԱࡣ
θߵµͷҲ˵֮ǳ˵վУһγֵĻͬȵľ磬ͨʿʵսһӵʵĻʤŴΣʮγֵıԯԼĻ
ӣ֪ĵ١
ԯ¿һۣЦҼҶĸ֣𾳵ĴףͬȾ֮ڣ޵еĴڣûжܹͨһأҸ磬һʱ㱻仨ˮ
ͬȾ£ܹǰʵ˵ԯֵսǾˣ
θߵĿЦ˵վԶ˹вŴɵӵĽǰվпԼΪԼͬȾ£ܷȵӵ𾳴׵ʡвܶױֻƾ׷ʵܹһ˵ʵΪˮƽ
ܶױĻҵʵ߳ɣҶױ̫ǿˣ;ŶѹҿսףһɷǿԺɨ񾳣ûֱҵʵʵж٣
ҶĵͻȻ¹֪ûλ֣ܹսʤǰĻ
ÿ궼СԪʱʵ޼кܶ˶սսʤ
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˶٣Цɽʱͨ˵ʮأվԽսɽһ·̥̥ͣ£ΪԳΪ׻ʵ⣬ϧɱˡ
Ҷ¹֪սڼأ
ʮأ
ԯµ۾г󣬿ЦԪǰԪƷվУ仨ˮұҸŶˣ
ϧԽսʱҲ仨ˮ벻Ҳȥһ£
ŶҼҵվÿʹһֻҪһĽһ㶼󡣡
Ѿͷôȥ
θߵ·߷ߵĽ㹻һױˣ
Ҷ񲻽Ķ˽֣һΪѵõ飬Իǿֵ߽ľ飬ͬҲʶԼʵǿʱĲࡣ
ԯ´վǰҶ´ֻ˵ѾۼϰˣЩԯҵӵܣЩȴҵĵӡ
ЩħҲſ켣УҶ񲻽졣
ȴ֪ԯȻеʥأа֮ȴʮֿأֹħǵء
Сؽȥˡ
һʿԴϴСҶҶٱУ޿ΪʵѰҶħԯҲԼʵ˷վȻܹòƵս
һЦҶٱܹһʱ޷ױǿСȴʵʵΪûױҶħСǰ
ԯƳƳҶСġҴʱһҶٱڴˣ֪Щ˻᲻һͷ㣿
ĿƺĴгڡ
Ҷ񲻽ͷأ޷죬˵Ļ
Ҵȥ
Ҷ΢Ц뿪ԯңȥ硣
ԯüЦһıóѵĵģСĴָЦ˵ˣ


375 һ
θߵվһԣ˹Ȼ֣صһ¹в̾ҶϵܰҶϵܣλҲˣٹԯҵСǾĳԲ˶ˡ
Ƭ̣վһӿͳеı硣
վԯ߳СǴƵţƷΪ򵽵أϲɺء
˷׷ǰأһһ񣬰ȻҶٱû뵽ɣҰ֮ʵǵû˲־ֻҪѰһϺõױ´ʱڣҪҵĳ裬ͳͳ㣡
ԯƲƲ죬Сһʵߣˡ
վΪҲһԣԼܷȵ𾳴׵ʡһǰݹȥһĽ
̧ͷˣݣֻͷڣ縵ۣһۣɽʮ£߻
æԭǶʼҵӵܡ֪Сսһ磿
Ƕ΢΢һЦҴսƷһء
СѾƷˣŶ󣬾Ⱦ˵ĳɾͣ
˲ȻҶҲ֡
ԽʱոճΪʿûжã޳Ԫ˵·һ޿ƥеľˡ
ʱΪ磬̥Ʒٶ֮죬Ŀ
û뵽ٶ˿ԪںȻɳڣ
Ҷϸϸ룬ƺԼÿһ˵Ϊһ޴ķԾΪʼҶ֮ǰ
ȶʣֱЬ䣡
վ֮УʮϢʱ䲻ӾгȡһĽǰҴԽսսƷ
߲ݣʮϢʱ䣬Сͨվսʤλ𾳴׵ͬ绯ʺʵǿֲƷǴףֻ㻹޷ȹһأα˷
΢Ц
߼״վֻ⻪ٴν뾵С
һõʱϳ˴ʱŴվĶͷ飬Ȼվкǳ
ΣҶҲоֲ֪񾳴׵Ŀֲ֮Ȼڲʹκױ£Źأսԯ껻ڵΪֶΣҶʸ磡
۷壬սʤ۷壬Ҳʹκױ
оⱩС磬ǧʱ֮ڣеʿ֮УԿԽǰ٣֪СǷ񻹴սԪڣ
ȡһٴνվ
ûãͳվ죬ͬˮ̳һ㣬ЦվȻ鴫˴βУࡣǣ
𣬷ɳָϳı磬뿪ԯҡ
ʼҵĶǺ˲ţȻֻսأսʤλԪڴףʣʶ׻ʵľ磡
ɫأƷʵκױսʤλԪڴףʣǧڣǰʮ

߼һŻֻϲаʮ֮࣬ͬһһϾԳֶڵʮ
հ񣬵վòսˣүүǰ
ԯС͵հϣǧɫţҲհϣڱȥ
߷ߵģһЩ̬Щһ϶սʮأȻԽս
£ǰһ٣ѾǺ˲ĳɾˡ
Ҷϸϸ񵥣ֻڶĺȻӦڵǵۣ
λ֪ʱ˵أԼ֣
֮ҶַİҲвУءԪͺ򣬳֮⣬ûȪħڵĸλС
Ļʼʵ̫ڵȵˣ̫ϲ̫ӳĺ֮㡣
ϸϸλаеˣ˿̶Ѿ۰һİߣЩѾΪʥ֮ɾͷǷ߳Ϊһʳף
ȻвѾɽҶС
հ񣬼ֱһŰ񣬼¼ǧ
Ȼûм¼հϵ࣬ʿ֪񵥣ܹ񵥵ģ˲
ûҪԿԯ绺۾
Ի̥һƷľ硣θߵתԪıòǰȥһĽֻ֣ƤЦⲻЦ
ȻԯշѼ󣬵ܹӵ𾳴ʵ˽֣һѵõĻҲúֵ
θߵ½վ˴ʱŴӾ۵ͬһ̲࣬ڵϣûж
ԯüĿʶݵλС˲ţȻսһأ٣صʻҪɫСգ
صδ뿪ɫһ䣬кǲˬ
Ҷءθߵ±³׳˼
Ҷأû˵
ԯпˣʶõþˣǰһһҶأȻ綫㽫ĳɾͣҲͬСɡ
θߵֱֹԼԼ
ܹ֮սʮأжãͬʱľ;תԪǿķţƤΪǿԵʣжá
ʵұȲأҶڸľ;תԪ໥ϵķţʵٶȱ죬֮൱ʡ
ҶǰȥһĽ΢ЦǰҪս̥Ʒ
ԯ翴һֻۣҶڵĽ֮УĿΪȴһ۷ˣҪøԶΪ̥Ʒս̥ƷȽϺãܹʺǱ
һЦͷĪǸţҪԽս֪
һԯҵӵȻǺѣǺЦ˶ǣ˶ײͷѪ̤̤ʵʵһȽϺá
ҶţԯС
š
ԯ΢΢ҡͷ߶վҶֻǰһɼ뾵еı硣̧ͷȥֻƬ粻󣬵Ҳа﷽Բƽʺʿս

һ̥ƷʿͻȻ֣ͷ̥һͷԪȻѾԪԻĳ̶ȣɷ˵ȥ

Ҷſڴ˳嵴ֻʿȻѣڣ̥ѣԪ飬һʧȴǱһ
漴һʿ֣ʵȸղλǿһҶҲҲһ
վеʿԽ棬ʵԽǿ󣬲̥ƷʿʵҶС
̶ʱڣҶݿλ̥Ʒʿ
˵ʵսҡһֻһ߹ڲ߶Ȼ֣΢Ц
ߣؾվߣԯ껣
һҲ
Ҷſڴ𣬽ԯ껵Ļ÷ǣ


376 ɨ
ԼԯӵܺͼҶվ֮УδϢʱ䣬ֻվâҶٴγ֣в֡
Խս̸ף
һʿǺЦ֪λСս˵ڼرˢ
ô̵ʱ䣬һر㱻̭ˡ
ҡͷЦ̫øԶˡ
θߵҲɻ֣֪Ҷʵǿ񾳵ĴףҲС
վ֮Уʹױ֮ҶʵҲɣҶǲܣ̭
ԯݣԾĿҶ񣬱˲֪Ҷ˶̵ʱͨȫأΪվƿߣȻ
ҶһҲûжȹһ·ɨһأֱӽվеʿԯ껻̥ƷĻҲһ飡
ֶͨΣɾʤޱȸɴ࣬ǶͨƷʱҲûǿ
ʿͣҶţȡһ΢ЦսƷ
Сӷ˰ɣ̥ƷƷԽʮһС簡૵
ѵղŵһر㱻ܣƹˤս߲ΣԱԼһԯҵӵЦ
ԯϵҪսִݿƹȥӼߣȻҪսȥԼļ޾
ȴû뵽ҶĿȻֱ֮ӿԪ̥ڵľС磬ڵľС磬ڵİС磬ֱսƷ
ˣҪսƷڵΪ˵൱󾳽磬ͬСɣ
ԯĳɼѾԽհǰȻߣҲǼΪɫȰ㻹ʵһЩһսԪ̥ڱȽס
һ˲Ȼԯ˼Ҷս̥Ʒǵû䣬ӮˣӮޱȸɴ࣡
лǰģзִ硣
ҶԽԯУԯһֻֽۣ⣬ĿвֹСӵ˭ôô
վҶٴ뾵С
һҵҪ󾳽磬ܴܲͨʮأ
Ҷٴγվı֮УֻһƷʿȻ֣һħ嵴ȥʿϣֻʿ΢΢ζûܵ˿ˡ
е˼ͨĴƷʿǰֻ·һ֣
Ҷվͷֳһö̥̥죬ͬԾ̽һֻɭ޴֣Ȼʿȥ
ʿŭ֮һʱǵض׷ƱҶֻҪƴ󣬲ҪһҪҶ
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漴ڶʿ֣ʵǰλʿǿҶ֣Ȼ壬һб㽫ȥ
ʵƿǿ߳ƽҶƾһö̥ʮ֮һΪ޷
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Ҷ編ƣһʽ֣Ǿ޴ץȥ˴ζö̥һ㽫޴飬ֻȭһȭ㽫ʿ顣
漴ʿ֣ʵǿʹҶ񲻵òõö̥ʿɱ
ʿһһǿҶսھŹأ³ֵʿѾǿףǻƿİ˵֮࣡
ʵѾﵽ˼ľأ׷󣬽׷˵Ҷ
شĥ֣
Ҷ񲻵òл̥ͬһḥ̂ʿḥ̂ӲĨɱ
һʿķʱ䣬˼һҪ࣬ü
ʵսҡԯ껵Ļٴγ֣΢Ц
ͻȻӰ΢һ̱Ҷߣٶ֮죬Ҷ޴ӷӦ
ӡҶ֮ϣȻͬǧĻɽһ˲䱬е
Ҷһƻɣδͣ٣ֻԯ껶ȻȣԪһѾ޽Ϭƥ
ԯ
Ҷͫ׽ԯ׷ʹԯܾȻ˺ƴ󣬻һУһնϣƱؿԽƿһ룡
ӵ𾳴ʵǿߣû뵽ԯڴƷʱȻôսʶսɣĿ£ΪԶԶͨڵʿ
Ҷ¶˷֮ɫǰЩʿǵھŹصʿҲʹȫΪûʹȫ
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ԯΣ򶦣Ԫ̥
ϣϣ
ҶԪתͬʱ߶ľ̽ǧǧϸСľŶŶɴ֣ճȭͷԯӭȥӲԯ껣
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ȻʱҶױãûױѹŶɷͬСɡ
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ԯվ֮ھзָƣ쳣
ԯԯҵĽһĽܺԯ껵һʽ׷ǹӦ˶ǿ󣬵һʽ׷㳬֮
˵ԯ껵һʽ׷Ǿ׷߳ɾͣҶȻ׷ӲԯŻ˳Ծ
ܽһʽ
ԯո뵽ֻԯҶŶ׷׷˵Ǿ׷Ȼͬʱ
ԯ򼸺Ҫ˳վеıͬһɾˣҶھģͬΡΡȻ
䣡
һȭȭƺƵһְԵ׵ơ
䣡䣡䣡
һȭһȭȭޱȣ󿪴ϣԯӲӲռݹơ
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Ҷɱ˫һʱͬḥ̂ԯ䣬ϸСľŶΧķת໥ײľ죬۳ɺ¡¡ĺ
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ԯ껴ȣָϳԼУӲֵشĥĥɱ
ָϳҲԯҵĽǿҶشĥ£ͬϽĽָϳʼûбĥ
ԯվڳУͷ޽޽գҶ䡣
ԯ껣𾳴ʵǿߣԱʹ
ҶµԯӶ³һʮԪ񣬺϶Ϊһ

ʮ̥֮Уһ׷׷ɳ̥໥ɣΪһ塣

Ԫ뵽شĥ֮УָֻϳʱȻ飬ĥ£ԯ껽м


377 հһ
ԯסˣֱҶվ߳ҲûлعҶҲվԭأϸϸ˼
ӦÿսڣʩչȫҲֻܴ򵽵ڰ˹أھŹؼʹͨҲҴľڵԯ껣ұͨʵ̫ǿˣڵʱ򣬾ƾΪκȴҪƾױУҲĶ֡
Ҷ΢΢üͨһʱͬˮһ㣬ʮϢڴأ˵붫֮ȻĪĲࡣ
ңԽսԽǴʿǵҪ֪׺Ʒʿ֮䣬ֻһ֮ʵȴŷ츲صı仯
ƷΪɱԯ껻ƷĻִԪһأɱλףλʱܣ֮ǿʵհŵʮ
ǱȿѻҪǿǿߣҶԿʥʱòǿĵһɷûܽնɱʱʥΪѹԪ۵Ԫ񣬿ɼλԪʼڵߵǺε
ȴҪȿѻҪ٣ʣԿʶ׻ʣ
ΪԽߣԽսԽѣʿླ𾳣Խս㼸ûпܣΪླʿʶߵĳ棬ҵʶ࣬ǿ죬ûԽսĿܡ
УҲֻܿȺС󾳽磡
ԯѹҶ񣬾ɲˣʣλհǰʮ㻹ҪҪսҹһ֣սƷ߹أɼǰʮղλС粢У
ЩڴǺЦվѾƳɹǧ꣬ǧſ뾵Уѡǿˡû뵽̶һʱ䣬Ϸܼǰʮ֣һӣֵˣ
һվǰʮѻȸҶʮһС磬ȻսɹͨһأܴƷԯ껣ݳɼսǿף
ңԯ˼Ҷ㹻ʵԽǰʮУ
Ǻεʣ
ԯڴĿҶ񣬵ػҲЩԳ֡
Ҷḁ̊́ƷΪԪԪǿ̶ȣȴ˿ѷԯ껴Ʒĳ̶ȣҪǿʣΪ
ǰûаսƷ
ҶҡͷЦȻûаգһǲȥˣǰ¡
ԯ¶ϧ֮ɫ̾Ϣǲһԣûʸհǰʮֻڵڶʮλʵмռ䡭
Ҷ˿֪ûмսĴ㣬̾˿ˣʲô֣Ҫ֣հϡ
θߵ¡Ҷ񵭵
ԯ綯ݣ̾ԭΪǾøʢſȴ֪СǼС磬һսհϵڶʮλ֮ؽ£˲֪˲
ԯգգ۾ߵθߵµЦ㼴ˣ˲֪˲Ŷռ˺ôıˡ
θߵϴ档
Ժôһơ棬ʲ졣
ԯתתȥͻȻЦүү˵ͷʢҶٱҶħˣհڼܲܽǰʮ
ԯ΢΢һϸϸ˼Ƭ̣ЦҶٱս˵ȷհκһսնɱκȻǿرѹȥرʵҲΪˣûм֣սԽհǰʮС
̾Ϣ˲űв˲֪վհ񣬱ľͷʥʵҲΪǿ֮ˡԪʼʵλӣԪʼʥڵԼСʥءµȸʥ֣ǶһҸҿ϶հϵ֣Ʊش䣡˵ǰʮ⼸λǿߣλöɶпܻᱻ˼ȥ
˲ȻհϵǰʮһǿߣǾøʢսպգʼʵ̫ۡڻʵۡ۵ˣǻʳǵۡӦڵˣһʥ֮
Щ˵ʣʶ׻ʣǵռհϲ֪꣬˭ܽǼ
֮УͬǣÿһʥأĴʳڵвжҶ˲š
ЩȵЩȴĬĬţհϾԯԼƶİ񵥣ܽӢͳͳ޶ǽվвһŪ׼ȷ
ʶ׻ʣ
ҶĵհǴʶ׻ʵʶѣǵۡӦʦֵˣĿǰ˭Ҳ׻ʣʼʵ̫ۡڻʵۺ۵ˣѾհǰʮˣֻеһ˲֪ʲôɾ͡
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صͬҲΪ棬ԯҵһƬĬƺݡ
ԯĬȻã³һɬħʡ
ħħʣ
ɫ䣬ʧħʾȻҲԯңհ¹֣
Ҷԯʵ˭ħʣ
ԯûлشθߵµħǺħİ˾˵Ϊɾޣɨ
ħʵ֣ǸɣħʵʵĪ⣬˵֣֪˵λãԷɱ
һԯҵӲհϲŲ֣
˵ѳΪ׻ʣûĶ֣Ǹʥ֮ҲУһԯҵ־֮ɫ
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Ǹʥأнѹˣħʸ϶òҲ̶ãһʿЦ
ûЦɫء
׻Ϊǿʿ۲֣û׻ʵĶֻ֣ͬȵ׻ʲܶԿ׻ʣҲС
׻ƵıһĽ൱׻ʳһ֮
ʥؼһ֮ȫ൱һλ׻򡣲Ͼ׻ʣħϮǸյĽֻҲⲻ˶೤ʱ䡣
ˣħʷ·һɽѹڸʥصͷҵԯңħҲɵֶ֣Ϊɣἰ
ħӣħҲǼĽɫħͳһħʮػúܡԯչЦ
ħϮǱϾǼΪңԶ飬ȴһ٣
ȻλҶҶħˣǰѰ̻鵤ƣħͷɱ㣬ɽҲ𡣴˵ãΪߣˣǳʱ
ʩһδӼɳȥһĸ󻼣˵һħʣĳλһ֣ħ
ĿУҶЦ֣հڶʮˣҶħƱڽӣ


378 
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ԯ¼ҪƴҶüŪۣ޲Ӧ
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ɱаħ岻ݴǣȻ룬ĳȻ޲Ҳ뿴µҶħʲôֶΣ
Ҷ񿶿ԯԯйԼҪһ׷ɱʥʱ޷
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ԯҵȥӦ֪ͨԯҵĸ߲㣬Ӹ߲ľϣȻϼʥأĴ׷ɱʥ
ҶжԴкøУղԯҵȻҲԲѷܷ񴳹أ˵мǿǷֱأֵú
ؼһԯҵ뿪ɫ΢䣬ԯҵһɱҶ񣬴˿û뵽θߵ¡һϯļƻ߽⡣
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ʿһۣҡͷҶħٶȼ죬ƾǣȻܹʤȴħͷҪ֡ƾǼˣ²ɡ
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Ҷҡͷ飬Цֲɱħͷô飿£̫ˡ
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ԯŭѾͷǰ󣡡
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ԯֶѧġȷޱȣΪֳŲż죬Щʥɱˣ״Ҳţ
ԯҶͶȥȵĿ⣬Ҷĵͷʾ԰꣬ѾͷʱЦ棬Ȼղŵ顣
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˱׷ɱҶкˬ졣
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棬һҪȥ
ҶʵҪòȥԯ֣㡭
㲻˵ˣǷһУҲҪѣյأкβɣԯЦ
θߵ˵һ󼤰Цԯ壬ҲȥĻԵ̶̰ѨҲҪһ
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ңңԯ¸߾С֣
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ȿȣ֪ԯҵļ˭ô
θߵ»˵ֻԯѾæԯֵĸףǵԯҵļֵܣԯҵС
ԯصߣܿһۣЦòڣõúܣǿߣ
ҶθߵһԯȥҲҲΪãҵĸαҵڣ϶Ҫ֮ŭϴ͵͵ţħ°ȥҵһֱ׷ɱڰ˲ħնɱ֪ħףûдҶ֣ɫЩ̫Ծûʲô°ɣ
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ĵ̾˿ĵʵô֪ⶼȡ


379 桰
ԯӰ룬Ҷʼûҵ¥еĻųֻðԯ¼¥Уȥ
ȥΣأԯҵС˵һƽΣգԯ˵ֳֽȡҶһ̽¥Ŀ˿ԯ£ĵ
λڴ󺺵߽Ǵ˵еĽأޱȣʿǰǸʥ֮Ҳ̤С
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ҶԶԶ棬Ҳһֻǰ֮⣬һƬ磬谵ޱȹֲԶԶǺ졣
ͬһĶڣż֮ͻأĳһǳصӰԿƵĽľĹޱȲ
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ǸԶĵطһߴǧɵʯдһѪġ֡
ֲ֪˭ֱʣּ͸ʯų棬һۿȥ·оԼ죬ʮ⣬޲Ծл
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ԯɨǸֵӰ죬꣬һ񻰰սۣһƬ棬̻ʳĹ裬ｮ򣬶飡۹ûͬʱ֮УֻʣһƬ棬ΪǰĶڡ
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ԯ֮ɫڵ쫷粻Ƿ磬Ǿɷ磬磬ʿ׻ԪɢڵɷٻԹᣬγɵľɷ֮硣Ƶĥ磬״ɢһ񾳴׵ԪڣֻһƤ
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ԯɬҴ󲮼ҵĳӣԯȱȱţţСѹһͷʲô׷УһѧͻᣬʲôķһȻأױԷӳи߲㣬ҵĬΪһμȱҲһ˿覴á
ҶܹоԯеıΪ֮ӣԯҲ̳һμԯȱĹâ㱻ڸǡ
ʱԼҶʱγеȱӣһͻ䣬ȱӵ̳ϴֵܷĿ쳣ҡ
ȱ뿪ţĴύĶǸʥس͵ǿߣһʥصš
ԯв֪ʲôζղ˵ҵˣڵ˽ܣ֮һǿߣȱĹϵá
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ҶȻ˽ܡ̫ϲһβСĲ࣬Щ˳ãۺ񣬲ͻܿ⡣


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ϾҶʱж̣Ϊʿʱ䲻ʮ꣬Ļۣ޷Щʮǰľͷ
Ŀһɨȥֻ죬һȴ֣Ԭ칫ɶǭȺȻУһһƣЩĿ·˭˳ۡ
ϴԬ칫Ҷгһƿʹ˼ʹϡ˴б׼ﲼ´赲һɷĿ⣬Ȼɸ֣ҶС
ǳħᣬԸҶļ
θߵ㷲ĴÿһɶͬСɣнͨɱҶݰ¶ˣԻһ˲䱻ȺŹ
ҶҲһ˶ĸڳκԪĵڶԪҲ޷⣡
ԯҵͷڣֻθߵ£ЩӦöʱڣҵĿ΢΢
ڵ˽ܵԯһۣЦԯ͵ܣȻ޷ԯңϾԯ֮ӣҾԯݣˣǿħĵ
Ԭ칫Цȴԯ⣬㲻ǿϸĸ񣬲ڳħӵȵλĿɲʵ
ԯƺһкǲˬ
ǰҶٱħͷնɱԪ㿿ԪӦܷ֪׼ȷλã
̫ϲ̧ͷɫ΢ЦʱѾ磬ʱɷҶٱضҪǶʱƽ룬档ǲǱֻٵһ죡ǰ̹ԣ˵ħͷ׼ȷλãҵƽȴ
ɽɫҲܲÿҶնɱԪһֱܴ裬ϴȴȥûӡ
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˽¶˼֮ɫ̧ͷǰÿʥǣ֪ſɥԪʼʥڵһǿԪҲڿ֣֮ҲЩնɱ˵ʥıԪʼ򻯹ԪĪҶٱѣʥͷ񣿡
ҶٱΪ
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ͻȻһЦ̫ϲϢѾˡҲõϢԪʼڵʥѾߴʥصǿϬʥɽһսɽɽͷķѣ˫˫ˣ˽أ˻Ԫʼʥڣ
ҶѭȥֻһһҾ޴ԶԶЩڿ̾Ṵᣬƺһ¾֮ͼ
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Ҷ΢̧ͷ޴ȥֻһۣվڴͷлӥǹˣԵüԵһģ
վ԰ټƵʿȻ̥񾳵ǿߣƳڿγһ֮Ҿ޴ͬһգɢ޾˺ɱ֮
褵˺ȻҲУĽҵ񾳴ף׷ԲԵһǿߣ
һǿߣ̫ӳ̴ӣĽݼҵĸ֣ҲȻȪħڵһڳҪˣ
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ʼʵȻ۹µİأ¶һʿ̫ӳòԵһòʼʵûа֮ʼʵҲû֮
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ҶļٽʼʵԼһķṦΰ˵һ飬ʼʵɫɫЦҾȻ˴أҲϲ񣬾ȻûгΪ׻ʣһͳ£̫ˣһսԪˡСӣҳȥҪۿһҵĺ
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ҶĿԼϸбߣ̧ͷ̫ӳһۣ֣̫ӳʼʵ۵ػҲʼʵ۵Ѫô˭ߴصĹˣ˵ػʡ
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Ҷüʼʵڱŭ֮УѾٻʮͭ˵ķŴڸͬʱҪӦҪԼ壬˭ȡĵ۹
һ⣬ҶӵӦڵΪ¾ѣֱֻӴʹѯʵػʼɡ
ϧҶĿǰֻ̥ʿûӦڵ
СӣȰҰð̫׽סҪȡĻǡʶ䣬쳹أʮ˱Ҳڳ˭˵Ϊʼʵ۶ݺݵ
Ҷǰ̫ӳΪҸߣҲǶʮɷΪٻʮͭ˵Ӱ١Ŀǰ˵ҵΪ޷ٻʮͭӰĶ֡
޷̫ãСӣǶҵĳŵʼʵ۵ƾٴ֮Уʧ
Ҷ̾˿ٻӰһ򵥵飬Ҫ񾳵Ϊܰ쵽Ҳһ񾳴ױٻӰ
ڹʥ֮УȪħΪٻ̵ֻӰ㶯ʮλ񾳵Ĵףһ֣ſɹ
ںɸɽΪ赲ĵһɷĿ⣬ٻļ춦Ӱ
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οļ춦ѶʧɽٻĽǺļҶķƷӰ
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ص֮ʮͭȻĽû񾳵Ϊ뽫ʮͭ˵Ӱٻ
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ֻҪὫκԪĨɱԽκԪһɷԼĵڶԪ񣬴߶ڶԪӦÿٻһͭ˵Ӱ
ӵκԪǿٻͭˣǻĵڶԪΪ
Ҷ̧ͷ̫ӳֻʱ䣬ػּԦ޴Ȼʻ֮䣬Ԭ칫ɽ˶òãҾ޽ڳλá
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޽֮ϣݿˣЦλǿܻ֪Ҷٱش飬·ųϢҼ̫ӵõϢƲϢħ
Цλܹ˵أȫĳ̫ӵĹͣҶͷҼ̫ڱصã
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ӦòҶٱԯңôҶٱǽħͷһ𣿡
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Сӣ㲻ɢĽ⣬ѵҪԶ֣Ц
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һЦҶٱˣһֻѹİƿһƱ׿Ȼ⣬սʥˣƵߣԯУԽʮһС磬Խսͨʮأ飬һ˵Ҷٱܰ쵽
΢΢һϸϸ˼ǰθߵ¡УȭͷպаҶٱκľսش˿ôܻӵսθߵµȷҶҶٱ
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̫ϲôһʾʣ̫ӳǰԵޱȣа裬Ǳ
̫ӳǿҪôҶûһ˿κ˶ĵķŭ
̫ӳ΢΢һЦΪԸɭȻ㣿θߵ£̫߿Լˣ㲻ɢȥ⣬ǵ£ء
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ǵͻӰٶȼ죬ͶȥһʿϲЦ̫ӳҲȿˣθߵ£ֻҶٱֿͽ
ٶȺÿ죡
ҲҪ£Ҷħˣûжս
СģнͯӵԴĿ⣬նɱԪ񣡡
붯֣ټױգ飬ͬгһɽ淽ԲڷһֻҲ봩ױķ棡
ЩױŨĴ֮ϣвԪ֮Լƽ֮Ϣǵȵر
棬׳ޱȣ
̫ϲȻǵӰȥЦҶٱȻޱ޼ʣ֪ǳħᣬǿ棬㻹ֻǰΪУҲòĵʶ
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ҶħͷֻǰҴ˽Ҫڴˣ˽ܹЦƳ죬ͷֳһƬƣԪ񾿾ʲôֻһֻѩĴִӰ̽ǵӰץȥ
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̫ӳɫø˲öԸҶҲ߶޽Ӱ׷ȥθߵ£ҪɱҪ

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ǿһ֣ε׳ۣεȺ󣬶Ҷֵ˷ΪֻҶһûв룬ȴ˿ң
ĺڲױ񾳴򣬱Ϊ˵ȴҶǰͶνǲѷɣ
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ˣ

λ׷ԲԵŭȣ̫ӳе֣񾳵Ĵףŵʥ֮УҲǳϼĴڣԸʥصҲҪܵ
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ֻѪͷ䣬ԪĴһغҲû֧ţԪ㱻նɥȪ

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Ҫ˳ȥֱǰҶĿȣ
ԯҡͷҶ֣ǵʵ˰ɷ磬ԽɷԽأԽʢ
ǿԣҶХһХףͷȻֳһֻ۽󸣬ͷֳһڿڴ󶦣߶Ŷƿޱȳصľɷ磬ڴ˹ؼ֮ʱڽκԪʶĨɱ
ɷȻΪգҲһѵ֮أܴ˵أΪʵľȻʤʮޣҶ


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ɷ֮УǴ̵ʿס׻ȥµɷͬҲǧ겻ɢԹԹÿ궼д˵ðյʿȴУþɷеԹԹû˿ȴǰǿػ̻ʹĹĵһأ
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Ҷ˵ĴľΪķܿסǧԹϮǵľΪȻʤƴεսԼģĥʯɸ֡ɽ𣬼ǿĴڣҲ޷ҡ־
ܶȹǵĻޱǿκҲ޷ݻǵ־
ָϳƯڴ֮УҶվڴ󶦵ıԵ·һͷ޴۽󸣬󶦣ƿؾɷ磬ޱߵĺڰͬΨһĶķȥ
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ԹԹԴһ˲佫üϸռָޱȵͷͬϸСޱȵĳӣʣԹ죡
ԹԣĥϸеԪ񣬽һ񾳴׵Ԫʴһ˲Ĺͬһ׵ԪеʶԹԹʶԹ
ҶԪϸж𶯲ͣ裬һԹ顣ÿһԹܸоԼ飬·õһϴԼͷӴԼ־ͨ͸Լĸǿ󣬲ݶҡ

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Ҷǰķ¥еĴУȡɱ˶ᱦӶԷ¥߱ѹε֡
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ζţŵĸķԲ⴫˵ͼķҲΣӶķĴΨһԡ
Ҫøţֻдӱ˵ļ֡Ҵûѧȡ˼ķ
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һȲ˵ʿܸܲԼһԴܣ¶θߵ˵Ҳʺϡ
θߵԭȻ࣬űԳԴݣҪʮûбԳϽë
˿ֻһ̣߳ͬӤСÿǻŴԴֻվڱԳĽë֮УŶ޷棡
ҲҲֻܿһŴԴҷɣƨ
⡣ҶĴָЦ
ԯһʵͽҶֺڴΡ
ٱƽһӻˮôСҲô
θߵ½ëԳԴԼ¥УЦԴô׼κͷʬ壬װһԴëԳԴ̫СһЩ
ɷδɵʮ֮һҪѹʱƵҶĵڶԪֻ۽ڷСȴǱѹѹòòС
꣡
ҶĴͻȻһ죬ֻһѺ۳ڶϣһݣ⣡

԰ټƵƤ߷ɹһƤζһɥڴ˵񾳴ףл֫·ɻͷƤ飡


386 ֽ
˰ɷеʿʤƤǰƮƺƤ֮дĹЦԶɽԶƮ
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һƤζһɥڴ˵񾳴ף񾳵ʿƤҲ¡ǰƤ֮ǧ֮࣬ɼӹĴ׾ж١
ﻹĵһأ񾳴ױȵκһʥضҪ࣬ħʮд׼һҪ࣬ɼڲΣԡ
꣡
ػǵĴֳһѺۣҶ΢΢üֹͣǰƬɷ֮С
ǼǰĻĴƱػᱻѹ÷ΪţȻŶᱻɷѹ飬ʧȥ
ʵֵܵԯ⡢θߵˣ϶ֵס紵ǶƱػ֮У
ٱǲȥȴθߵ
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Ѿ֪꣬ȥ£ӡǵʬ֮Уģ
ֵþ壬ֵء
鱮ǼȻұ
Ҷæ֮𣬼Φڿзٻһ⣬쭶ȥ
·Ǵ̽ʬͻȻ̧ͷĿĶס漴սһӣֻؼʱѩһƬһգֱҶ
ͣ
п񷣬ֱҶģշ·񶹸һһп


390 ̻ʹĹ
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ĽٶȣҶΦҪһһ̱Ҷ
⣡סҶһݡ
ڴʱͻȻλ̽ϵļ磬һɢ׹һأͨһˤڰݽ̨ϣɢܣҲ޷
ҵĽľ±Сߣûüɸۿðһ𣬷ŭ
ֻǵûĿƣҶббɳĽ䴩գʧ
Ľľ±Ҷߣûüɸ㽫аħΪĹ⣬ûһնɱҶ
Ҷ˿һ亹ͻȻñЩȣæȥֶֻѪ
λ̽һȻûнնɱǴƤ⣬Щϵ£һп
գա
Ҷ£𾳴׵ǿ󣬽һ׷ɱƿͬжѡ
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Ҷͷȥֻθߵԯ֣æЦҵƲ޴󰭡
ٱں棡θߵɫܻ
ҶæȥֻԶӪϿգħγɵĺͬУһޱȴִɳкȥ̽ڣ
ǧƵĽʬǵĽľ£ǵĽ׷ɱҶ񣬶ԼĽľ£
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뵽бһë
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ԯҡͷҵû˵ֻ֪ǲ뿪벽ֻҪ뿪棬Ҳֻ޿κΡ
Ǹոս棬ܾ뿪Ҷҡͷ顣
Щһڻǰ־ܹľ¸Ҳδš
ԯͻȻһ£ЦˣЩ֮п޼ɵֻһطǲȥ
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ԯط̻ʹĹ̻ʹĹǴĻʵۣǴ̵Ļʵ۰Ϣֻ֮Щʬҽ롣
ǰָȥҶ֣֣̻ʹĹ
Ҷ˳ָķȥֻڸԶĵطһɽͬһȺסһɽ
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ЩҶκһҪǿ󣬽ϢҪླ𾳵Щ
Ҷ̵֣̻ʶ
ԯ̵ĻʵۣԳΪʣԳΪۣ۵ĵۣ۸ۼסЩĹأ̻ʵĹأ
Ҷ³һΪǰһĻ𺳡
̴ӻʮһλʵۣ̻ʹĹʮĹ̵Ļʵۣռµˣѹ²ƸӵвĲƸռôԴ˼ÿһλ׻Ĵڣ
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ԯ֣һЩ̻ʹĹΪա

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䣡
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丸µҽȷʵߣصƵУҲܿȬ
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ˣҲҶˣֱǿ丸Ŀ丸ɽˣŵĹۿ֮ս
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˵⻰ֻЩ죬æȥֻҶθߵùЩ飬Ҷ֣֣˵ô
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391 ն֮
Ԭ칫üʶͻȻ𣬻ݺ£ҶٱȻ㣡ɺޣ⣬ûϳĿʮҲˣ
ͷëԳᣬԪܽϣһ񾳺ڵľ磬ȸղŵҪͣ

ռƺһӴƣ
ղֵλ丸ּ״ɫ΢䣬æӶɣӭϣȴڴʱֻҶ¥нµΦͻȻУӭһֻ޷ſ죬Φ֮ͬХԬ칫Ľӭϣ
⣬ȻӲԬ칫
丸赲ҶӶΦӭϽ
Ԭ칫ôʱ䣬֪ͷԳ֮һԪһ֮ǿ֮ϣǺڵĴס
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Ԭ칫ӭϷɣȣõ𣬽Ҷλ丸ֵһ󷭳ʮеҶҶٱҲûôף
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θߵ棬ҶҶο磬ǱḴԭˡ
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丸ĽܵѾ۷壬˴δǣרΪ˱½棬ѰƵҩû뵽ǲɵһݣԬ칫ͷ
Ҷ丸аԬ칫ʵΪǿ񾳺ڵĸ֣丸ȻڵΪԬ칫Ӳʵȷʵǿ
Ҫ֪ҶԼȻϱԬ칫ѷɫ˶٣ΪȴԶͷǭԬ칫ֻηĵһɷĿ⣬ŲսӣҶӵֶΡ
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ٱ硣Ҷ񲻸ҵ丸Ц
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⣡øϿǰϣ֮еһǿУ̻ʹĹже׷ɱҶһǰȥ
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ǸûǰЩӪƵУܱȺɽ֮Ѱҩ丸Ĳ
丸´ߴٵЩǿ϶֮أֻн̻ʹĹ㰲ȫǿߣ
丸ɣȸҶ
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ȴڴʱֻһͻȻɨҾ޴޽ֻصһ죬Ҿ޽ѹ촷ۣУ
ֻʮ˺;Ӿ޽ѣ޽÷飡

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Ҷθߵµ˶һۣ壬Ҳɽ֮ȥ̫ӳֻ֮ң
̫ӳһҲһɫĶôµģȻ쵰ڣ
£ԯθߵ¼丸ĻһʱҪ֡ݳͷݺݿҶһۡ
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·ͻȻ̫ӳҲûϵߵһ
ʲôˣ̫ӳȻ̧ͷϿտȥһӵȥ澿ʲô
Сģ֮йŹ֣Ҷ״æͣ½Ų
˷׷̧ͷϿȥҲ޷֮ʲôŹֻ֣һ׽дƬ̣ͷӰеӱгԵøɸɾ
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һֻë׵ĴצӴ֮̽£סݵĲ˻ȥ
󣬽һжɷ
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392 ɹ
⸱ΣҶҲëȻ丸丸ĵ˶ɫ䡣̫ӳʵһжǿߣ͵ĸ֣ɷʵǿᣬǸǿߣû뵽ȫһȭҲδ˵ֻצӷֺǱץһˡ
Ƭ̣ݵͷ֮бɸɾ
񾳻ڵĴףȪħڵһȻһ˿֮ҲûУ㱻еĹԸ⣬ֻʣԴòҲ̶ã
ҺҸС
θߵ¼״˸սСֹǹҪҲȳԴӡ
丸⻰ֱģڳ֮Уǿ丸ߣǰθߵµĻ´ο¾ǿ丸ˡ
丸丸ĵ˷׷׳ɣȣĿ߿գֻͷһɹǿ澿ʲô
еĹĻȳԴô丸Ĵս
ҽ丸˸߲ңЦǣȰ׽ˣ
丸丸ɽԣʳָ󶯣ЦãͶˣڸһҲܳԵ£
Ҷ񲻽˵丸ʵΪǿ󣬲еĹ̫ӳҲӦˣֻЩ丸ֻצӣҲֻǸԷͲˡ
ͷȥֻ̻ʹĹ֮⣬ǧƵĴ̽ʬŰΧǧླĴףӿټһ𾳵ĲǿνǰǺлѡ
뿪̻ʹĹЩ̽ʬ֣òҲ̶ãڹĹıԵʱпֻܱ֪ĸв͡
һ˫ۣܹϿ⣬¿ɶڤڣ϶ܹ֮оʲôԯ̾Ϣ
ҶһЦþȻ£
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ԯʱΪƤԯµʱԯµ۾м͵һԯҵĽָϳʮ͸ԯеı磬䵽⣬ķǶ
΢΢ƶյ£ֻͬһ㣬صﶼͨ͸
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ԯǶñھ֮ģÿǷ٣ʲô¶ԯŪζӵĶ磬Ҳϡ
ڣۿ϶ܿʲôﶼ޴ӶΡ
ԯ̾Ϣϧ
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ԯ̾ϢһθߵۣĵɵӣٱҲ֪
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ָ̫ӳһˣЦѽǸҪˣ
䣡
ֻë׵צٴδ˵ץȥ
ʮɷɱ
̫ӳ־ŭŭȻֳʮԪһƣʱʵֻë׵ĴŰΧ
̫ӳʵޣ֮ͬһ㣬̫ӳͷͬħһȭֻë׵Ĵ֮ϣֻ۶ѵĴֻë׵ĴֱñѣһָͷϿڵϣ
֮УһͳƺֻֻƵĴ־֮Уʧ
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Ҷ˴üͷʬҩ˭ҳҩ
пɲֹһڷɹأкöˣٿڹײģöë׵Ĵһӹײˣ
ԯЦףȻһڹײǷɹˣ
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ҶǸȻԯ֣ҵٻֻܰͲȥ
£עУйʬ£ǶܡǸϿߣ뿪˵أ
㷲æǰȥ

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ǻûн̻ʹĹ֮УڻΧĴɽߣѾɱ
еķɹԽԽ࣬ë׵ĴִӰжȻץ£ԯָ㣬ҶҲܵǱмԯѣ丸ЩЩצץȥ


393 ʬ
ԽԽĹľ֣Щػʬ׷״ӹľչ֣˷һֻֻ£̫ӳҲԿ⣬в˱Щʬߣգۼݸ߹ŵߣҲЩץȥλ
ҶҲžµĹʬԽԽ࣬ԯĿϾӣϾÿ˹ʬ־Ҫ˭ͷϡ
ͻȻһֻë׵Ĵִץס丸£丸߬Уȥ
丸ǿ丸Ĵҽҽ߳ʵҲΪǿȿ丸ĵ˻Ҫʤһ˿ֻ̱ץסȴû˿֮
丸
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ҶܹоɷڷɢԪ֮Ҫǿ֪ٱܣ
Ҷϣ
׹ӵһɷΧֻʬѣ͵һֻնϣ
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ҶԼһȻ磬һԽеĴͳͳ£õһɷĿ⣬ĵȴĵڶԪ۽ڵ
˿߶һɷĿ⣬۽Сգֻ֮۽ˮһ룡
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УЩеĹʬƺ⼸ϸСĴھȻҷǼΪŭݡ
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Ҷһǰ񱼶ȥ丸θߵµ˼æǰͳ壬첻µزµԯ£˿Ҳɫ԰ף丸ڼͷѡ
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úã̫ˣ䵽µУ±ȻʬΣڹʬֱ̫ˣ̫ӳЦ
£еʬԽԽ࣬˵ز˾
֮Ưǧھ޹ף˿Ҷ˱һͷʬ£ײ̺Х̫ӳ˷ȥ
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䣡䣡䣡
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ͻȻһֻ̽£ץ̫ӳӦܡ
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̫ӣ㡭һĽݼҵߴʧɫ
̫ӳӥǹˣĶסЦϹ¸ˣ˸£ȻѾĽݼҵһ֣һԹ
̫ӣū򲻸ҡ
Ľݼҵ߸ոտģ̫ӳЦһץסĲӣȻѲ⣬һ˿ķѻᣬ¶ʳѰĽѧԲˣ
꣡
ŤߵԴࣵһߵԴĵ÷飬漴ץߵԪ񣬷ӡХǰȥ
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ǻûθߵ־ϲæ
ԯ丸Ҳæվԯû£˿æԯ³
ֻܴǰһͨף洫磬Х
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丸ɣȣùʬĺܣֻĽʬܺ𣬷ֱ۷飬߹ʬ˲֪꣬Ƥƾҵķɣȣܴͨ壬ôܳȥ
ҶͨǰȥҵĽƿ壬̫󡣼ʹƿΣ뿪ڹײģҪʬΧôӳ飬Ѱһȫ֮
˷׷׸ֻ߹ʬĺоȻŲٲľֶӵĻ׳
Ƭ̣ͨľͷֻͨͷһ޵ʻɢŨҵ˻Ȼûϵ
ľСʰ쵣һ֪ʬŨ֮Ķݡ
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丸־ϲæǰȥСüЦȻһʬħҩǿҿϼҩˣԼ˳棬ز
Ҷ񲻽ҡͷǼǰһƬӦǹʬθ߹ʬûнʳθ˼ΪθۣһˮһСεԼаʮ֮࣬ÿһ൱Ԫ̥ڵʿ
ЩСˣҲȻХȥצ㽫ͳͳԵ

Ҷ΢ŶԷɳѹڿУЩС붦Ŷܡ
Ҷٱ̫ˣ
ʱʬͻȻһǺЦȻЩСҲŹ
ҶѭȥֻʥȻԶԶͣںһˡ


394 
ʬһȺԪ̥СѾǼΪֵ飬˿̾Ȼðһ˳ÿ丸丸ɽ档
ԭǿʥ
ҶԿѾȻڴ˵ҲǺ棬Ц⼸ջͦ󣬾Ȼܵʬ
ʥ΢ЦԵôݲȣҶٱҲ˵Ȼ֪ĽݾǼս߹ʬڣΪľǵȴʬԦײĻسȻ˳˳޷յĽꡣ
Ц;һǶЩʬĹȥǶڹʬڣùʬȥҶٱҴʦʥе֪ݾô֪ģ
ұ֪ոոңұ֪ˡ
Ҷ洺磬̾ȻһݾԽ꣬ʥȻǸ˲
ʥɫЩѿҲǴˣҶ⻰ʱ֪Ҷ˲֪ĽݾײʬڣĿе֪νꡣ
ԯ丸˿һۣЦǰЩʬУû뵽ȡɵ·ӡ
ʥ׹˸ɱ󶯣⽥ֳԽԽ
ҶٱҶʬڣڹľѾ֮Ưƶȥǳ֣Щײı̷أ鲻ҽʱ䡣ˣͽ֮ˣ
Хһͬˮһӿ֮Ƭ۶ɵСȻʧ
ѾԪ۵ԪΪʵ˺ƴϸСɣ֮ǿ
ִױǵͨѵı
ХҶնȥ㽫ͳͳ֮
ʵȵʱı֮֮࣬ʬΣ
ѣѰ·Ŷݣ
Ҷһһڿڴ󶦴üķɳ죬һھ޶ƯڿУѹɽˮף
ˣ
ҶֳԪ̥ͬһգɢˣֻһԪԪ̥֮ӿעǿھ޶֮У޶ԽԵþ޴
޶𶯣жʱһۿɼ𵴲һ÷飡
ӿ޶ײԿ
ǿʥ⣬ҶľŶݶױ֮Կֲ£ȵܣһɹɨȥڹʬڱ֮ϣȻ죬𶯲ݡ
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ҶǰץʱԪһֻ޴ƣץȥ
ƬĿռУֺֻȻʮĶС·
ҶٱȣЬҲ䣡Ԫ۵ԪΪѾԪڵĸ֣㲻Ԫ̥ڣ
ʥȣǰֻ̽ĴֺȻһֻͬȾ޴צӣɭɭҶײ
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ôܣ
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򵥣Ϊ׵ԪҵΪۣΪ̶ȣԶԶ֮ϣ˵㣬񾳴ҵǰҲֻܱһ
Ҷһּǰ̽ȥ죬㽫ֻȸĳ⽴

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һͷײãѤĿϾӣЩë漴Ĵ죬ʧ
ҶһݣæջԼƣֱֻϺȻּǵ˺ۣȴǱˡ
ʥֶλǲ٣Ȼܿҵ֣֪жֶûʹֻжõһɷܽ£ҵ۽̫ײɶõһɷ۽󸼫пܻС
ŶڿжԿɢޱǿҵĲùʬม֣һ䡣
ȴڴʱҶֻԼͻȻһᣬжʱϲʦĵڶԪڱˣ
Хѣڷӭ綶ȻֳĵڶԪ軣滢Ȼŭڹʬ𵴣ԯͷۻŲȡ
ֻԪ񣬱κԪҪǿ౶ҶԼԪֻԼķ
䣡
軶ȻԾеĴ֮УʱŶݵʮֻ󶦶ȻޱȾ޴󣬺һе붦С
ѵ˺ƴ󣬵˿⾹ȻֱӱҶľŶѹԭ罣ë
СŴδͷϿʺӣ˵ҸЬҲ䣡
ҶЦٴʩչ֣ʥץȥֵȻʮһ̽ʬĸпռ䶼˺ѣֿռĿֲΣ
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ʥɫ䣬ջԼ⣬æչʬȥֻͷ׵ĹâʬĸںȻпһ󶴡
ʥХһֻԲľͿȸ˫һչ򶴿Ͷȥ֮زز
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۾ƳΡΡɫָԼ߷ɹҶĹٶȺȻķٶȣһԼᱻģӲʧ룬Ȼûԭķȡ
ʦ֣㻹֣
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ʥ㲡Ҫ㲻᲻ɣ
ҶЦ𣬺ڷ裬ͬħ񣬾ʥȥ

ͷֳɢȾŶݻҪǿܣʥʥѹȥ
С
ʥŭһɭȻĵκ֮󣬱ضԳ֣ȡߵܣߣƷ㴩
ʥХߣֻһ⣬ƿײģſѷ֮Уѹʧ
ҶɳʬڣֻʥƷʥѾɵӰ٣ײƿ֮ͬٲ£ޱȡ

ڹľеĹʬƳŭƿײĸҶһȥࣵһ죬Դ÷飡
軱ԼԪʵʮɱʬֱѴ֮һб㽫ֻʬӲԴ顣
ʥȻԪʼڵʥ֮ףһƷӵôǿܣ̶ֳ֪ȡҶһϮ˫֣֮пȥ૵


395 ̻ʵ۸
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Уһʬȫʢ״̬֮µҶ
ŶͬʱõѣԶױһ×۽Ԫļӳ֣ʵһ˲ʮѣʥһƷ
˿ʵ֮ǿѾ̤һµĸ߶ȣ̫ӳԪһİһ̣
ҶĳнĳɾͣǹĹ͡Ҷ񽫷Ҿأֵֿ
޴룬һ
ԯ丸ɽҲ׷״ӹʬڷɳǸո棬ֻѹȻޱȳأɲ
Щ̫ӳ޽ײ÷飬־ײֻмɼػ֮أǵ
˿̣ʬѾҶһȭɱھ޴ĹľҲƿһ󶴣ԴԴעľ֮ء
עľЩΪ͵ģעԯ¿丸ĵˣֱӱѹ
ҶֻɣͷϴһƣⷽԲ׵ƿ
޾һõĶԯҵ֮Щơ
ԯϲױԼǼѵı벻ĹЧԯУҲвкǿ
ȡԼһ̼ױһ᾵ץһ᾵֮Уֻ汦֮жʱһھвߡ
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ҵ᾵ϲ֣Ц
丸Ҳ̼ױȷʵ˲٣ɴΪȣַ׷ץץһɣС
ǵΪԯ¸߳࣬ȡӰ磬ֻɣȵԽԽ󣬱һľ֮գۼۣһ챦
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ԯǼһױСﵣ幹ķƷ
һʱǣӺƴӿȥױܽڽڱǣȻƵԯڲ
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ſһһС
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ڲ֮ͣ£һ鼡ƤһƬƬ
䣬㳤丸һС

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θߵ¾һֻһĿӺͻȻŵѿһββȻ˷˵Ĺ
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תתԪľǿȺǷǴǰ֮࣡
βЩѿӰҵ󡣡
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θߵᣬ۰ͰͿԯ⣬ԯ̺ݺݵһۣԯ
θߵ˿ĵԯҾȥЧķСˣ϶ᴫڸҡ˵ûԴĹʬȷһ˲ıǰѽëԳԴӵϣǺǡ
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Щ޹׾Ȼûбصѹ飬ҲһñҶĵ
µھ޹׻Ĺľ֮У֮ʻȥ൱ƽȡ

ľһ޴װΪأʿţϹʱڶصķŹӼ򵥡
Ҷϸϸֻ޴ĵӦõ̵Ǵ̻ʳĳλ̻ʣһֻƷǰһ֪ӡһֻƷڵһŹֵӡ
ֳһֹ½֣һعĻ棬˱ر챦ҵ𡢴󱦡¡¡£߲֣ÿһֶƺ̲޾İ
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Ҷ֣˷ɳ޹ףҲܣ̾
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ңϹŴ̻ʳĻʵ֪Ĳ١
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Ҷ૵ֻλ̻£ƺȱӡΪأ㱼Ҷƺòӡһأ̺һĪĵС


396 ӡ
ҶϸͻȻһ̻ʵ̻ʵò޸ͭмơ
޸أҶȥһΣ޸һ޴ͭ˫֮ϣпͭƺһص׷ϧ޸ˣҲûܴͭʲô׷
ҶǼ£вɻѣ޸̻ͭʵòЩƣѵ˵޸̻ͭЩ̻ѪԵϵпһλ̻ʡʱ䣬һҪȥ޸һΣ
Ҳע⵽̻ʵӡ׷Ŀȥϸӡİ
ԯſڹײĸϣֱ°ͣСȥȹʵ䣬¶СȣĽ׺ܺÿԲ飬૵̻ӡ֣һ֮ĸо
ӡӦһ׷ʽ
߲ԶԵñԯŮ࣬¶˼ɫԴʽУݳ׷
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ҲͬĸܣԯҡͷӡֻǲȱƬΣܴӡ
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ٴνһӡʱֻǰɬ͸вɣȡ֮ޱȺƴۡ
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ҶɢȥӡǵĴʧУҶָֻԭǸģ޺ꡣ
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ҶϸĥӡĵҲϰ½ۼ˶Ĺ£ֻ¸޷޳ӡϧŹӡֻѧʽԵüӡ
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ҶϾڳɳ۵Ľ׶ΣŶûгƣмĿռ䣬ƾŶ׷δزܳԽӡ
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Щľ˶ǰ˳ƮС
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һž޹ʻİɽ֮УÿһŶʮ֮࣬ǰ֪ţɽ
ֻɽϷһ󻨣Щ󻨻ǻǶ䣬ޱӴ󣬱Щ޹׻Ҫ˲٣״ͬ棬ԶԶȥͬһյյƻɽʯϣÿһ󻨡
Сģǽ۸Ĺ̻ˣ
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θߵ¶۵ɫǺЦˣҲҪŪôһĴ󻨣ҵ
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ͷһȻţ̽㽫ڵھ޹ɡ
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ҶͷΦһͳͳΦ֮ϣķ𺽣ǰȥ
һţϴϿ£ҶȺ֮д֮գ˾ĶǣҶвأǱᱻЩ󻨻ɣ֪²Żؼգ
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ûɽ֮УԴͷĶѨ࣬ʤγһصľۡ
ǰֻһƬΪƽĳأ㳡ľͷһ޴Ż赲ǰ
ϧûüȡһھ޹ס
ҶЩϧЩ޹׾ܹѹ˲ױ
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ôһţ˲֪Ϣֻûжܹſ𣬼ҶһϣҲ뺳š
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ͻȻһ̶ЦҶͷȥԬ칫ɶǭ֪·
Щ񾳵ǿߣǭİʮһλף
Ҷٱǭ㿳ųҪȣ
ѾԼ˫ᣬ˫Ŀͨ죬סҶ񣬲סȣȣ
ɶЦСϱＫ࣬ԬͯӵĴԴҿԲҪֻҪǸΦ
ͳͳˡͷϴ˰Ц


397 
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ٱô죿
θߵ»˻β֮УЩһδظ׷
丸ͷúǰ˶࣬غӲƴ
ߣ
ХȻ󣬵ס˵ȥ·ͻȻſһ£һ潨ľ£ЦҶٱǭҲ˵вûջһӪУѰһ潨ľ£رԶԸĽ֮
Ȼڳ֮һһͷɾԪٶȼ죬ٶڴ̱Ӫ֮ץһ潨ľ£ӪЩʬӦ
˿һǵһǣ㽫ľ¼𣬻סҶĽ⡣
һ˷˳һβͣĿҪ׶񣬶ּһ޴Ĺǣֻϲֵֹķģȴķ󷨡
ȴֻϵһСӲǶѣƾǣķﵽ˿ѷڽľµĸ߶ȡ
ͷЦҶٱǣҵķȽľ»Ҫǿᣬκβң
ǭ˴ջķᣬ֮Ѱٱ
һλվ˳һ׵Ĵֶȥͬһֻצ㣬ȴһ壬ֻգ壬ͬһ£Ц溮һԪ֮Ҵ֮ıܹһǹ⣬Ԫڻ£Ǻ¹ʿ
мλ׷վԼһʱѰıЩʵǿᣬ˶ջ౦ǰѰʿҲмеرʵ
ͷβõһѰŽȣԳǴ̻õŽȡ
ֻԬ칫ʵûչ¶ԼѰı
ҶɫҵЩǭʵ㼫ǿЩеرǵʵӾˣ
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ǺЦԬܸȫʬҪǣЩ丸Ƥ񣬽һζǼˮСӣһ۶֭ҧһڣһѪˮ
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ɶЦǿҶٱȺͳԵЩ丸֮ǰūҰͳͳɲˡЩһǿ󣬱Щ˿ѷɲһζһūҶͣ

ǭһһ۵Ȼ졣
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ҶһֻԬ칫׷Ϊ⣬΢ЦλǧĳɾͣвףҸѡ񡣡
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Ҷ΢΢һЦҡͷͶңҶĳԣٲһȡңԡҪֻһ³Ǿ
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Ҷ֣עֻ·һ
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ҶſһֻЩŨӴľͳͳһ븹УںеһУʱͳͳУ
ңҶתԬ칫ˣ
Ʋգգ۾ͻȻһԾͨһԾ֮УȻ㲻սӡ

ĲҽȻѹ÷ǣһ̲⣬Ԫ񶼱ѹ÷飬ֻǿǼӲޱȣƯ֮С
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ʮöԪ̥ͬʮգԪ֮УͬͳֱӡӭϣԬ칫Ĺ
ӡʹõĴԽ࣬ӡԽԽǿֻһӡ֮ͬ磬һִ֮е磡
УȽȽ֮УǹĴ½ɽһ칬ӵĴǧ磡

ӡӭԬ칫ĽͷԳø߸ߵ漴ԳХͬ趯Ҷȥ
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ֻϣθߵµʵа֮Ҳÿ°ĭ鴤ѡ


400 ƴ
ԽƵ⣬ڳκһ˶ҪḻĻҶŲɡ
ľǣθߵĿǰʵȻҲ޷ֿƵĽƣ⽹
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ǰȥɭȻЩˣЩͳͳڴ˵أǰ˭ѰıͳͳҪң
ԯʵҲŭȵͳͳ⣡


401 ɱ˶ᱦ
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ʯƴ˴뿪ǹ»ͽҶУʯǺǹǹ񾳸̱İΣʯڻȪħڼʶľ֮󣬱ִҪ棬һǹǿ̻С
ղǷӡڰʯең˴֣ʯƵΪȻߣǰǹĵӣ˲˺ٻǹӰɽӲƴһǡ
ɽʯСѣλǹͬ⣬ĳ֣ӦСһԲɱˣʲô

ʯƿЦͣһǹĸֵħɱˣҪô
ǹԣʧЦħɱˣȷýʲô
һǹ߱ȽأǰһǺЦ֣λǹǵ֮ӣҪеıָӣеıҼɡ
ɽһ۽ǼЦ֣Ҫɣ
жǹ֮ж쵱ǿߣڵĴס
Ҳұɽ̫Ͼɽļҵǿߣݼߣλ󣬶Ҵ˵ʵҲΪǿ
ղɽٻļҽӰӲסٻǹӰĹɼʵǿĶ֣뽫¡
ְ룬Ҫɣʯƴ̽ԴʢˣЦ
ΣɽЦҼ˵ɣΪΣ
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ǹĴȴˣԪڵĴףǰλ߶ǺڵǿߣΪҪ񼸷֣ٻļ춦ӰֻҲ޷⣬϶ᱻЩնɱ
ٻŶӰֻҲЩ˵Ķ֣ǹԷΪѸ֮ʵǿ޳ɴСԪʵǿ
ǹףȻû޳СԪ񣬵ҲмһǶԪжΪ϶ǶԪ
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ӵʯǰɽ໥һ˾ȥǽ֮УʱֻͻȻÿ
ֻͬױı磬еĿռ伫ԼзԲֻ˵Ưһһöö鵤вɢΪ׺Ϣױ
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ĿͻȻֱˣסһö鵤ɷϴ񵤣ɷ֮͵񵤣ϴԪϱ
񾳵ĴףԪûоɷɷϴɴԪ񣬱ֱ񾳵ĻΪᱻ񾳣һӶߵľ磡
ɷϴ񵤱Ǹıһ״鵤ΪϡУ鵤ɷ֮ɣһ鵤֮б̲һɷ֮֮󣬿ϴȥ񾳴ԪеʣӶ˽һΪĿܣ
鵤ޱȣǹҲûж٣ܹɷϴ񵤵ĵӣǶǹд֮ˣ
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ʦ֣ﻹеɷϴ񵤡嵤ת񵤣һöòƵĲɵǿӳﰡ
죬Щ鵤ɢܣױƿУЩȻԪ֮
ˣ㿴ǱߵǼֱԪ֮ļƷླ׵ԪƵױ
ﻹȻûĽ׵׵ĸߵϧǹ˵ûжôȻʿΪ֮񣬵ǹӣò

࣬۷׷ף˸߲ҡɽԼǰ⣬Ƭ̷ִ˵أʯƵ뿪ٷңЩͳͳԼУ
Ҳ㹻ˣЩҶСӾн֮Ҳ޷Ҽɵֺ̽һö鵤ץȥ
ȴڴʱͻȻһɾϮһ޴ľȺݺԴϣɽҵͷۻԪв־ŭˣȻˣ
æתŴԪ壬ͻȻֻһ׹͵һйĴԪ񡢻ԪնӲп
Ҷٱɽ־ŭŭĿֻһΦԼһԪȥ
ҶҶٱ
վ´ˣɻ۸ҼСӣôһͷԳ
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Ԭ칫Ȼ㣡
ɽŭ쳣æٻԼжϵԪԬ칫Ľ֮ûҶһɷĿǿȻնԪ񣬵ԪȴûֻҪٻضϿԪָܹ
ȴڴʱֻһֻ̽ĴԪͻԪͳͳץУȻһ궸Ȼ֮УԪͳͳŶ֮ѹ
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Ҷһ̤ɨһֱۣӽ˺ԣĿе౦֮ϣϲЦöıλǿͳͳȥˣ

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ԪոչסԴ׼ֻҶһ䣬ԪԴͳͳ÷飬漴ſһͳͳ븹С
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407 Ӳǵ۴
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ͻȻо¥֮һ˫۾Լһʵĸо·еĳλֲĴڸӦĿӣ۾ѲӾ˭ڰп̽
Ҫٿˣԯ˫֮ͻȻѪᣬ¥еλصĴĿɨһ˲䣬ۡ
ҶܹоĿԽؿռ䣬һɹֲԯϮ
һĿɱˣĿ̲صԿԽԯµĨɱ
æ뿪ԯµϸջԼԪ̥Ԫ񣬾һƳ䣬̻ӽ¥ĵطһϤӰؽ֮У᧿Σ
Ҷ񲻼ϸæŮǰԼԯ¡
䣡
ǵĿԽؿռ䣬ҶϣҲԪ̥ζݣŭһ̧˫ʩչӡݺ£ֻ˫ĵնȻϨһĶֻ۾״ӡǣ
ǵĿµӡ
ѵ̻ʻţҶ֣̻ʾѾ֪꣬ѹûпܼڡ
ǵĿȴ̲ޱ׺Ӧڵһ۵ղҪˣ׻ʼĴڣ
Ҷ֣ʵ̫ˣǻǲҪȥ뿪ԯ⼱æסԼãȥ۽ǵѪᣬ֣
ǼǰĻ֪ôġθߵҲЩëȻ
丸һۣ丸ҡͷǰĵ·Ѿʥ֮ټǰĻֻǶҪС뿪ü棬ֻֻ·һ
Ԭ칫ȼλҲ¶ɫҶ񲻹ǽԯµ۾ȥ̽ĹΣЩ⵽ĨɱԯµҲܵĴˣҶ񱣻Īĺ
ɼ룬Σտ϶ɱȷʵ˼ǰ
˵ǵջѾΪˣνв飬Ҷڲرѹ˲֪ٲϣЩ񾳵ĴףһӶδؼôĲƸ
ҶĬȻƬ̣ͷǵȷ˼ǰ̻һѱҶҪ֡ԯ֣֡˳̻꣬ңȥȥͻء
ٱ㣡θߵҧҧЦ
ҶҡͷЦһȪʥڵ飬һȥӣǸڻҲﲻ϶æԬ칫Ǳ⼸λ뿪꣬Ҫǵİȫ
Ԭ칫֣صͷߵҶߣϵƣһȥΣҲࡣ
ҶĬ漴ͷץʯƣмͨȥ
ߣ˻һЦֵȻȥȥȥͻء
̻θߵ̾ϢһǻȥɣǸȥҲʲôæֻҡ
˶һۣ̾˿֪ԲԯºͷĹ֮⣬Ҷ࣬һƽջࡣǰĻֻܳΪҶ׸˿
ͨУĴСܿһƣʦ֣ľ˭
Ҷ˿ЦʥڵĴʦ֣ءΪ˺ˬֶжˣԲȣһҪȣ
᲻˵רıʶƣͷҶ֡
ҶҲǲϷ߶챦Ԫ̥ƴڻԪΪͬʱȡһ潨ľ£¼뵽ԼԪ̥֮УֻԪ̥еԪӿһ裬£еľ֮
ڴ̽Ӫеõ潨ľ£ϴӺж棬о֮࣬ԪЩеľ֮ڷ׳ԪԶԶ̥ԪԻԪʱӦеľ磡
Ԫǿȣ񾳵Ĵ
ԪǿȣʵȻ׶ҲǼ
ı׶˱ʱҪɷԪԪ̥ҪĵɷԶԶκһʿ
ɷ˵ɷɷɷѰңҲ˵ҶԪɴҪĵɷԽȪħħʥأǧղسԹ⣡
ȪħҲó㹻ɷԪ̥Ԫ޹ǲ޹ľ磬Ϊᱻ񾳣ûнླ𾳵Ŀܣ
˵ҶΪ˾أԼһûǰ;·


409 Ķ
㽫ΪҶҲԹ޻ڣɷԹǶԹԹжҪԹҪ𣬳ݷţŲá
ΪΣգöڲˣôҲǴɷΪ
ԪԴԴԪԽԽľ֮ӿԪ֮УҶֻԼԪ¥еԽԽƣͬ޾
¥ҲѸƣܵص˺ֻҪƾԪеָȫʢ״̬
Ԫڲϴ߶Ԫ񾭣ȡԪ̥еԪȹ̡
ΪҲڷٽ֮У̻֮Ĺ˲ǧ֮ңһͻƣԪ̥Ʒľ硣
ҶֻԼڳ쳣ǿҲ߶ͣĵٴǵ۴֣Ҿˣᱻǵ۴ֱˣǿǵ۴ֿ⣡
ĴǶͼ뵽УֻٴȻɳΪ˲㱦ܼȴǰһ
ǿȴһ׶ˣǾûҲûϢḶ́ϵıǽʵ֮䣬ʵĴڡ
ͨױԪ֮Ҷƾ豦Էױ飬ǿǿߣ֮֮رĲ֮¶ᱻԷ飡
ҶȡԼ¥еϺױڣ뵽֮С
Դӽ󺺾ڣɱĥѹ
ǣʥˣѹһĲױɷ֮⣬ħٵʿͳͳУ֮ױͲƸ
ǭǹֺʯƵղأʯƣϵĲֱ֮࣬˷ָЩͳͳĲƸﵽǰĸ߶ȡ
˵ĲƸۣȫǷ̫ϳϵɽɵйҶԸ⣬ǧƵĴ֮ʮ֮
˶Ĳϣͳͳֻļ㱦ʼʵת䣬ԽԽ̣ԽԽأҲԽԽǿ
ıȻǴ֮ҲԪ֮ȴԶԶЩ˵һױ
˾˵ĲƸڰ˲㻹ûдתΪʵʣɳҪĲϣʮҪֲҪӴ󣬶ÿһ㣬ҪĲϱᷭ
ҶɣԼеıͳͳУֻҲ޷Ϊʮı
Ҷʦ֣ǰĽƸոձȥƵʱָǿԺ޼ɵ߽̻֮ĹͻȻ˿Ц
Ӧ̫ӳȥ˴˵صĽơҶϸֻͨ˵رǿƽʯ¼޴ȭӡȭӡӣȻǶʮͭǿдƽơ
ף̫ϲƣѵ˵̫ϲҲ˵ˣ
Ҷע⵽һƱԴٻ٣ʯҲճһ󶴣ɼǺεȾˣ
ȭӡǱһȭǿдƽƣ˵ǿһҪʤһ
⵽һȭӡӡʯ֮ϣȭӡԺвɸֳһӾɷ޼ɵΡ
ֻǸˣʹ˾ǿһӦСʥصĸ̸ɽתԪ񾳵ǿߡǰΪֻ»ֿܳȭƽƣܴƽƣ˵Ϊó
Ҷƶϳ˱ȻСʥɳ׷ɱʥǿ̸ɽ̸ɽΪܶʱüͻƣҲ˼⡣

ǰͻȻ鼮Ҷæ̧ͷȥֻԶ֮ͻȻһ飬չִֻ˽֮ܵνԣ֮ν޵֮ν̣ҲߣҲ
ÿ³һ֣бԶһ֣ʮɷԲӲӣɢȺ嫵ܣػ̻ĽƺȥǿһƪĻδ꣬ǴƱǿйơ
ڵ׷Ƿ˼ǿסҶ񲻽̾
΢Цʦ֣Ⲣ˽޷ƿƣеǾӹ״ңڵǿߺױǳ¼ģ׳¼ľӵв˼еӹڵ֮ÿһֶӵв˼
Ҷͷ˽ܿԼƿ̻ĽƣôΪֻ±ߵҶ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȣûпɱԡ
ӵһ˲ıҲʵһ֣˽ӵӹ̫ϲӵƣС
̫ӳЩ͸ͺգޱȣıȻΣգıǿĲһԪ֮
˽̫ӳܹӵرΪص̫ӣ̫ӳܲӵޱǿıﻤ壬ʼնûչ¶ԼĵƣϧٻʮͭƽҲԸ¶ԼױɼױܻڶʮͭӰ֮ϣ
Щˣ˽ۣ̻֮Ĺ¥ǰֻ»Щ˷ͻ
Ҷ˿壬ʵȣ˽̫ӳ˼ǿҲ㹻ȥԡ
ЩƽҲ˿ǰΣأֻϾչ㣬㵽ҵ¥ҶЦ
תתΪ鶯Ҷһðգ˲ִҶߣЦ˵нûбЩȥҶļͷ
ͻȻֳһֻСɵķˣ߲ʣصĻ⣬ѤޣչҶͷشǹɡ
Ҷ΢Цǰȥͷ޽ǣһʧͻȻ¡
ʦ֣лңҰŪˡܹɵ˵
ҶΪ⣬Ƭ̣ͷС̲ס¡
һЩҡ֣µ
ֹƬ̣С£ҶʧЦᣬġ
һʵʵͷһ˫ĵķ۷·ˮ̶ףĵ˵ҪǶ飬ʦ֣͵͵ΣĲ֪ô
ʦ֣뿪̻ҾҪؼˡ
Ƭ̣̲סһصٹñԳ񾳣ΪףֻµʱҵͲĴˡʦ֣ȥôҵܺ˵ģȥңһЩһܿĵĴӦ㡣
ҶЦȻҲһ
лϲ쳣Գ֣ʧȥԭ֣ͷȥĵ޳񾳵ĻǰˣʦִƸǰס
ͨʮֱͨɽ֪˶ãҶڿͨľͷͻȻһɹޱȺصѹӾͷѹޱȳأֻͬѹɽжѣԪ̥Ԫ⵽ѹƣ
ѹΪͬҲѹ־·ǰһλͳĵۻʣɢϣͳͳ̧ͷͳͳ
Ҷ־ĥŲȻᱻ׻ʵѹ壬ȴֲסѹùžž죬ȴǿڿ֧š
Ҷ״̾Ϣһ¥ķԣ¥֮У漴ɳޱȵѹһϮ̻֮Ĺ
ǰһռֹϲɣĽͬһɫĻչɣƺ˵Ϲѱʷ


410 Ĵǿ
̻ĸأչҶǰһƬĿռ䣬һ֧ͭأϲͼ飬֮ͭ䣬һΪΰ׳Ľ׳ЩϵĽȺϹŵŷ磬صķϣÿһߴǧɣҪӣ㱼䣬Щƺ˴̻ʳǸ׷ޱȲʢٵ
ЩͭߵͲͬÿһ֮ͭ϶һʿͭЩʿ̬죬ιϣųֳֳˣ򱱷̸̻ͬȺ򱱳
̻ʵȺͭ񣬱һѩ׵ƣԵƮֳ鶯ͬӵ
·һ޴ĻʹĹأһۻЪϢ޵й˵ĸоǴ̻ʳλ֮ƺûʱЪϢ٣ټȺ˽´¡
λ̻ƺʱԴĹѨ߳½ٵ˼䣬ͳ硣
Ⱥķͣһ޴̨̨֮ϣһѩ׵ͬٲ£ȵ죬׹䵽̨·
Ȼ۳һƮ죬ͬɾ
̨֮һΰ׳۵й
ﴦɱͳ׻µϢ嫳أҶҲо˵صĽͬϵķǣʤϵ£ﶼǣνǲɱ
䣡
һޱȾ޴¥ͻȻطʻ䵽̨֮ϣƺ̸̻ѲιȺݡ
¥ҶԯµһΣʱ¥ƬռгΣ˴Ҷоһϵ𺳣ʱۼ¥𺳸Ըӡ
¥ͣйǰ׻ǶеϢأѹӳء
ѹС˼磬žž죬⡢磬ԪԪ̥ޱӴѹ
óص׻Ϣ׻ʣƾϢѹ֪ˣ
ҶƬΰĽȺ䣬ֻԼÿ߳һҪԵѹɱʱ˵շУһ߹ȥٲά衣
̧ͷȥԼһʮľ룬̨ϣһݣͬݣԶԶȥƺһߣ֪ߵҪԶôֲǿѹ
ҶĿɨȥ⵽صټȪħڵĴʦѾ߳أձһ֮У᧿ΣѹֻߣҶ֪ڴ˵أѰң⵽ټ
ֻ¥Ϲµݡ̫ӳҵ˵أҶֻаٲ֮ң̧ͷң¥¶ޱȵĿȣЦ
̸ɽԶ̧ͷ¥ΪԸ
̫ӳɫһͻȻֻ˽ܵǺЦ̫ӳ̸˵û̫ˣʵ߳ǧᱻ̻ʵϢ
ߣ߲ǧҵ̫ϲҲڴ˵أֳƣ΢Ц
̫ϲ̸ɽ˽ܣǴˣ
̫ӳһɱȶ̬ͬһͷŻ˵ĲǣЦЦͬʯɭȻҲã±㽫ͳͳڴˡ
̸ɽûĿⷴȥ̫ӳһȭͷڿմƸУæͷȥֻһλ̻ʵѹ̻֮Ĺȥ
Ҷٱ̸ɽоⱩ̫ӳ׵⣬¶ӵĹâ
ǵãԼƾŴǻۣ˫ۺɷʱΣ쵰ûкԼһ䣬Լǻ״̬ƣھɷʧ˲֪ҵȷĵ·
ͬʱ̫ϲҲǷŭޱȣƵĻⶸȻʢգҧгݵθߵ£
ҲԼڴ̽ľӪ֮Уǧ࣬ΪնɱʮʬȻĽľȴǰԳθߵµļһߵΡ
㵽Ҷٱθߵ£̸ɽ̤ǰһӹȵҲ̫ӳʧȥȤ̫ӳлǻƣ޴й

˽չһŻ񣬷Ҷ뻭ɫúѿЦҶ֣Ȼ죬Ȼθߵ£ҴŪڹ֮䣬ĳֵܣõúܣõúܣ
ɱɭȻ˿ûпĵӡ̫ϲŭ죬˫ֲµ֪θߵ±Ҷ˿ץסҶڵĶˣ
Ҷٱħͷ̤ǰһŤȵ
ҶһɫЩ԰ףΡΡֻ֣гһĨѪЦҶĳλǿҵƻûãκҶĳˣòѰ̻鵤ơ
쵰㻹˶ã˽ЩѪ
̫ϲȻڷƮһѹǧʿͳͳ㣬ӪҵĽľ£ôˣ
̸ɽޱ飬ҶٱɱСʥ֮壬ʥһλδɳ׻ʣֺʧΣ㶼ɣ
˽̫ӳøɸɾֻԼˣӼߣܹΪʼʵİǱΧҲҪΪҫҪĿ
Ըڴӵ֮
Ҷһ֣㽫еķͷȥ֡
ǣҶĵ˺Ͷ֣ҶҶ֮ͷΪԼڴصĵλȹ̡
˿̱Ҷ߷ͷиӱ
̫ӳЦһȻҶٱҪͷ
֡ҶɰͰ͵·˵һʵⲻ֪Ҷȷ˵һʵػҲʼʵ۵Ѫ̫ӳΪػ֮ӣȻһ֡
̫ӳ˴Щը˷ΣҶֱ˲һ仰ܵüѪ
Ҫɱ㣡
̫ӳȻԳΪ£Хǰȴڴʱ̸ɽХǰӲӣͬһӣͬľתԪȻ޹ľ磬һȭͬո
һȭȽӰԪ֮ܣֱ֮ȭһȭԺԶֳ½֣ϸСŷΧԺתг𾭣ƴֺ룡
̫ӳֱռȻŭ죬ͬʱ˽ҲӹĻչͬһ飬оģֻ֮һԲʮɵĴִҶѹȥ
̫ϲǰֳƣſһԪܣޱȣҶɱ
һﶼǿУҶٱɱˣֻҺѴжȡҶٱ֮ͷ̫ӳĿȻȡһ˴ǹ˴ǹȻԪ֮еļƷܺԶԶѷɫƺӹ
ʵͬһͷߣȴؼʱ̣ŻԼצʩչһ
Ĵ֣ÿһλΪʵԶɽͶԹһٻӰ˿֣ΧҶȻǶûóԼȫʵ֮ǿΣ֮ߣҶǰδ
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Ҷ¥ץʯƣӭ̸ɽȭӡֻǵ֮ӱ̻ʵϢѹüССǺ죬ѵҵҸ粻Źǵģ


411 Σķ
ʯƴ˿̱̻ϢѹֻһߴСͬһӤȴޱţѵ̸ɽ̫ӳĴ֡
ǵ֮ӣ˭ңС
ǵǰҲɱ̸ɽȹȭͷӲӣ̻ʵϢƿһֲޱȣ㽫ʯƾ͵غɱҶҲҪ÷ǣ
ˣ
ʯüѿϸһֻѩ״̸̽ɽȭͷײϢĲɢ̸ɽ𣬺вһ۵˿ڽѪԺĹ½ֱҲӷ׷ը
ֻࣵ죬ͻȻֳһһͷţԪǧ֦ǧ裬׷״̸ɽ
ԪŨľ֮Ϣ̸ɽƣƷȬ
ͷţȻ̸ɽıԪޱӴ󣬲֮ǰ̬ȴţֻһ׳ţȣվڰ֮С
ʲôѵĵڶԪ񣿡
Ҷע⵽ԼԪЩͬ״ȴͬӦڲͬ࣬΢΢һ
ϸϸ˼̸ַɽոǵ۴ӲƴһǣŲȣʩչӡݺʹ
̸ɽǵ۴ӲƴһǣȻǵ۴ֱˣҲ⵽شԪ񶼱⣬ִ֮£ӲҶӡҶһȻޱȿֲ̲صѷǵ۴֡
W
ţԪŭţޱȣͻȻ̸ɽ֮Уޱǿ
ҶӪԼľ棬һȫǿ֮£̸ɽ̱ҶɣϼˣâԪ뱻ѣ³һڽѪ
ǼǿǿߣľͣӵдǻۣգǱ
Ҷƽ֣ʤ̸ɽǧ㣬ûϵʯƵϸоȻǵ۵İʽ׷һУȱǵ۴ֻˣȻҶãȻһغϲ㱻ܣúܣ
ԪãǸҰɣ
Ҷһֻɳ֣ͬͬҲŨľ֮׷̸ɽľâԪȥ
ͣ
׷״âԪ֮У̸ɽŭϲħͷԪȻҲһȻҽԼԪҪԪеḷ֮̌ҵԪǾâԪʣ¼ǿľϵԪɾâԪ񣬸ûпܣֻᱻҵԪɡ
ͻȻоԼľâԪڼٱâԪǵûҶԪ񣬷Էɣգһָƣ˿Ҳ˷ִ硣
ôôб֮ԪҪǿ̬Ԫ񡭡
ԴҶյľŴαƣÿһζǱҶйֶȥ֮⣬һı죬ȫȻӲ߰˳ɡ
ߣ֮
˽ֻܵ߸ӴͻȻ٣Ҷͷޱȵİ壬ɢԪ֮ܣȻҶ£һٽҶԪϣ̸ɽ֮Σȴ˽ܵĹ
̸ɽûȣȻҵУҶЦһܿ߸ֵĹ̻֮Ĺȥ̫ϲǰֻѹܣҶȥ
Ҷ񵱼ֵʯƴӭϣǵ۴ָӦʯƵΣգٴһĳˡ
̫ϲæ߳ȥ

˽չӹֻ鳤ͬޱȵķģɭȻҶٱҵҪӲҵ֮
¡
ӹͻȻĹеһֹֻӹһ˲䱻Ƭɣһž֮У˽Ҳǵƣʧ
ģ̻Ĺд߷˴ױѰ·
Ҷһǰ壬̻Ĺнʤţë޷͵ױвᴥơ
̫ӳҶıؾ֮أǹһǰҶȥҶָͬţָⶶѣǹǹ⡣
̫ӳǹԪ֮еļƷǹвֹһԪļĽѧԪҲǹ
һǹԶͨԪ֮Ҷָǹ֮ϣþҶɼǰ֮Ƶһ衣
һǵ͹̫ӳһʵĪ⣬صü֮УΪһаͣΡ

˽ܲҽͻȻޱңҶ̫ӳ֣æȥֻ˽Ľһ޴ͭԵ̻ͭʳ͢ĴͭеĳͻȻһصܣݺ֮У˽ܵѹڽ֮ڣ
ģЩͭеĳˣֻǲ֮ûô̬̫ϲ״Ŀ̲࣬סһֿڡ
ʵڿֲ˽ǵʵ࣬һ֮壬ͨĽƿԴȥ̻ʹĹеΣղֻнƣЩߴޱȵĳͭҲһصľ޴Σգ
̻ʳ͢ӵͭȻһ裬ǰ̻ʵسҲ̻ʹĹػߣֻҪƣǱὫߺɱ
˽ܱΪƣһͭĺɱǿʵֿĻᶼûУ㱻Ĩ
Ǳڽ֮УֻٻӰԽ⡣ͬʱ뷨
ϧ˽е֮һѲ̫ӳ̾˿
ȷϧ
ҶͻȻΦ̫߳ӳӦǹȥȻҶѾǹĹΧ޳Ī
˽ܵǰ֮ǶҼױôƣ̫ӳҲֻҶǰȥϾ
ΧǱѣһˣһ˲νܡв뷨
̸ɽǰƮޱ̫ӳ߾Ҷ׷ȥһ棬㱻ҶˣâԪ񼸺Ҷɣʧȥյľŭ޲óҶ졣
̫ϲ̫֮ӳ̸ɽ
ǰҶÿǰ߳һоѹһѹС֮߳أСֻ߶ߣͬһͯ
УޱȾ޴ͬһ硣
ؾв·̣Ҷȴͬһ;ƺԶҲܵصߡ
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˵һƷҶһƷȻźĲ࣬ĸԪųɾ͵ľ磬ϲͬն
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413 ɱ̸ɽ
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ܹоõԼʱʩչӡƱشǿȴǰҪǿᱶ࣡
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ػҵ֮ʮͭˣҲĽʼʵ̫磬ûн׽ɡ
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룬̻ϢԽԽأԽԽҶʵΪʱӡҲ޷ֿλϹ׻ʵϢٴҵѹòС
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˵еԶſԷӡ죬ʮͳͳѹȻǷƷҲͬСɣױ㽫ɣѹڴڵĿռ֮С
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ʵԶԶﵽֲ֮ĳ̶ȣ̫ӳ̫ϲԪǿдţŵķ֮ԪܴԪ񼫴
һ̶ֳ֪ȣ֪Ļһ뿪ȸɵҡ
ҶϢƬ̣˽ԭԪȻûгȬȸղź࣬ǰȥ
˿̣ڵλòʮɣʮȴһ;Ҫٲܴﵽߡ
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СʱŲ߲Զ˿Ѿѹø߲磬ͬһֻϰС
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ҶϵܣҪ
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ش˴ܵס˵Ĺ߳ɰƽ
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˵Ĺ붼ʮɷ֮Уʱʮͭ˲µĶɷĥ𣬵Ȼ޴档
س׷ģʩչȫֶΣƿ
ϵܣһ˱ڴ˵أǾһȣظոˤڵأЩ֮УĥϢæ
һˣҶɻ
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Ҷ˳ָȥֻʮĵطһƱʮͭӶ˲кȥǵȻƬطһƬ磬谵
֣Ǹ߲ᱻ̻ʵϢѹˡҶҡͷ
СӣֻҪ˱𣬴ұ͸ĲƸٻǵдһ


416 ٤
λ֪ǿ̻߱ʹĹλõĽ֮У͸ؽƣޱȵĴҶصĶУΪѾΪľأĳʥصǰˣ̻̽ʱڴˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ˱λã漴ҡͷȻǾǿ߱ĵطֻʮ屻̻Ϣѹֻвߣʮ֮ң
ÿǰ߳һѹᱶοǶ
λǰô
Щɣұ̻֮Ĺסʱûλǰָ㣬ֻͱĥˡλǰж
ҶЦ֣û˿ܹߵǵǰȻλǰѾﲻ֪ã֧ȥȵǵΪˣʵǿˣҲ١
ĻˣŭСӣܾȻҲܾңұûУеǺĲƸҿԴ͸޾ĺô
Щô
Ҷʱ˾񣺡鵤ױ
ĬƬ̣ɬұڴ˵ؽ꣬ϵѺĹ⣬鵤ҲԸɾڹҲͬ壬޷ҵĹǻķܴڸˣױôԭм֮һħۣһ̳һսꪣ֮ٶǰһ쵰ͳͳƭߡ
ҶжޱȺȻ˱ڽ֮УѾжٶʷƺ಻֮ôã˻Ϊÿ£
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ҶЩʧתͷ֣ߡ
æߣȻһУһһĺô㡣˺ħʮʥأĴֻҪұΪӣµĴ𣡡
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Ҷҡͷ˵ĸɶӣûȤ
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תͷҶħħʥأħʮ㣬ųʮأÿһһʥأųʮʮʥءҶϵܣûȥħЩӦò̫Ϥ
Цû뵽˼ǵ֡ұĦ٤޴Ҳʧ٣ħ֮Լͬ̽Ѱ
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Ҷ񲻽ݣ뿪˵ħǵʱ׻ʣȻڣ٤ôֻᱻڴ˵أ
׻ʵʵεǿֻ¿״Խؽƣֱ̻Ե̻ʵ¥һ̽
׻ʣħʻƲϰɣ֪֮лһλǿߣ˿̶ѾΪ׻ʡ
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жг𱨳٤ָһΣһȻ֪ǳħ𣬵Ҳ¶ģһα
֣ƾһˣ޷ߵǵǰңǱ߰˷ֵİա
Ҷҵ֮ǿԪ֮Ҳ˵ҷֺԼƵıסӡӲ֣֮ͨΪԶҸߣҵüϸ֮У߶ֻ̣סӦÿԽӽǵơ
ҶüĴ򿪣¶ϸռ䣬ȷʵû㹻ʵߵҲƴǣѸٱСüģͣϸ֮Ȼֻ̼ҶͷɢһȵܣסҶ
Ҷֻѹһᣬڷž죬ڽ̵ֻֿ̻ܵϢڻָԭΡ
٤ҾҲǲԡ
Ҷ񲻼٤ĵطȥʲôô
٤һСӵĿǣٶǰƭħ۵֮СӣֱһУǺö
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٤ûм˵ȥҶóƱƭһһλħмҵƭһɶȻƨˡ
˭ɵģҲ̫ˡҶҡͷ
ȿȣʦ鷿һ̳һսꪣױħַħеֶΡ
վü֮Ψ٤СֹҶϵܣû᲻ʦƭ֮
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ҶӦڵͬ˰۷ʧЦӦʦǺεֻ²֮ڵϣδػ񡣡
زҡͷĵڡǰʦ۽ûôߣҲôҲᱻ׷ɱϰꡭ
ãҶ߳أص֧֣ҲѹСһ㣬ٲά衣
ҧأǰ̽ҽţֻһΪϸ΢󴦴Ǳ̻Ϣѹͬһ㣬һѺۣ
Ҷæջҽţǰ
һƱȫһ


417 ٻħʽ
Ҷ̾˿ѾļޣǰߵĻ϶ᱻ̻ʵϢѹ÷ǣ
٤״Ҳ̾˿еĺɣįСӣ߰ɣ˵ʵߣƽˡ
Ѿˣ֧Ųһµʱ䣬ұ᳹׻һѿݹǡģһֿ͸ζ
ħʽʲô֣ҶĬƬ̣ͻȻʵ
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Ҷ񲻽üֹֻһѵ׻ʵķͨ󣬴Ҳĵز
ǿ˵ħѾɨûжˣ
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СӣԶҲ֪׻ʵǿ۲֣׻ʾİ
٤Ȼҳ֮ʱħ׻ʻͳһħʮأһĵ۹ʱκ˵˵֣ᱻһƷɱʦĦشС˵Ҳ
Ѿֻһµϸħʵ
Ҷ񼥷Ҳ̫Сˣ
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Сӣ֪㵨Ӵúܣּ֪ɣ˵ڣðѸղŵǶμ䳹ɾһ˵С٤
δ䣬ֻҶ̸ȵĦ죬Ħ죡Сӿɱȫң
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Ҷ˵ͻȻоһɼΪѹֵϢ֮дغ٤ҲоѹֵϢ׷̧ͷϿտȥ
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䣡
ͷɵĸ߿֮ϣͻȻѿֻһֻޱ˶ֻ֮̽򳤴ʮ̻Ŀռ伸һ룬һ򣬱Ӵ
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Ҷʼ磬ЦȻħʸ죬Ҳ죬ֻϵ㣬ֽвҵ֡
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Ŀ׺ݣĴҶñǿ̣˵ǣڶٶǰͿԽгħǻ쵰֣׻֮ȴû뵽һ㣬С뵽ˣҰװױڴ˵ضٶ꣡
شҶüķɳȰʵǸ˲ûƭָ֮֮ħѾΪ׻ʣѾΪɣ仰׿ڸİգ
٤쳤̾ٶأٶءǸСΪʲôͲ˵ұٶ꣡
Ҷ̿Цʱ㣬֮󣬻᲻Լı
ǵȻҵı٤һȻӣߵ
ͻȻҶ̽һץƴ̴ʯڣץʯ׷ɣֻһرҺȻ֣ⱦջۡ
رбҶǰֵղػҪḻԼԪ֮Ͳ֪鵤ҩ
٤ſһЩױ鵤ͳͳһ븹УֻĹͷ֮ѸѿۿɼٶѪθ
Щױ͵ҩܿ챻ɾûȫֻһ㣬Ѫ죬ǿֲ
ҵΪûȫָ֪ܲܿϢš̻ڴ٤Ϣţ΢΢ü


418 Ҷ
ںħܹʮʥƵģ𾳵Ϲ٤ΪħĴΪǿֲѾﵽ𾳵۷壡
ΪȪħڵ̫ϳҪʤһϾ壬Զʱֻش֮󣬵Ԫʿǿ౶
ױ鵤Ͼ꣬еȫĥֻʣһѿݹǣЩﻹǲָȫʢ״̬Ҳ޸
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Ǻħ׷еʯʵһּΪǿ׷ӡ
ͨ٤֮¾ҲһƬƬϨʯƷ׷׷У֣Ƹǿ󣬿ν춯ء
ҶҲЩβȣߣ
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٤ĴϢ֮УֻϢſʼбѹС
ҶϢźǱ٤ߣϣֻ㣬ϢҲ´࣬Խ̵ޱǿľأ
⣬ҵΪûȫָ޷ߣ٤ɫ΢䣬ü
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յҶߣٲȻһҶԼ˵ģһָȫʢ״̬ѰǸƭ֮Сһ٣Ȼ㻹ҶˣסָԪҲ˼Ҳǣ
ң֪Ҳð˺ܴķգħҪɱ㣬ʥصĸַ㣬ҲҪɱ˭нأ
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٤ǺЦ򵥣Ҳ֪Ѵ̫ΪѡСϵܣںħʱʱ˵˼ʿƻúܣղһ㲻ǺöƭҵǸһУҲкһ棬Ǹһﲻͬն
⻰ۣҪѪʦƭ㣬Ͼָ֮Ҷϵȴ˶ƭȥ
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ԯ˵ӼҪɫ԰ףʧǵħеĻ塭
˼ʿ֮УħһֱǳĴڣħȻԳӶԷħǹͬĵˣʷϺħħŴ֣ν˼˴˼£ʥصǿߣҲʱʱħɱħ
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ȿȣλλҸոսݵĴ磬ˡҶһ˽ܵ
ԯθߵµ˿Ԭ칫ҲֻǻǶ٤־֣ҿ˵
٤𰵰ҶĴָ̾ЦȻҰֵܵѣǱ㲻ǣǿߣħɱңʱ߾ˣ


419 ׻
θߵ̻꿴һۣЦϢûˣ֪ж޼ɵĴ̻ꡣϧܹųм
˷׷׵ͷǣûϢţܹ̻˱̻Ǻεգ϶дĸ档
ͬʱЩȻϢܹ񾳵ĴףޱȣȻ٤ߣħʵʵǿ̬ĳ̶ȣ
Ҷԯ⡢Ԭ칫丸ͳͳ¥֮У٤һԭ·ء
ջ񣬳λؽĽľºϢţλˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ٤һֻۣλ磬ԳصϣЩδߣ㱻ԶԶƿ
һֱ񻰴˵еħֲʵǿᣬҶǸоȻ׶񣬵ʵܺ˵еħͨ顣
ȴľսĻصȪħ֮٤ֵƭ֮ļһǻȪħڵ᲻ᵱ
ǵøոʱҵΪŸո̤̥Ļ̥ڣѾڣʵ츲ء
Ҷ񼴽߳ͷ̻һۣĵеĲƸֱһı⣬⣬һû֮̽һ֮;ֹ´ʱұȻ̻촬֮ΪУ
֮еջ񣬶ΪıһЩΧıȻ̻촬֮С
̻꣬ʮ꣬еĲƸӦò̻ѷɫ٣Ǵ̻ʳĿ֮֮ĹеĲƸӦû̻֮ϣ
֮УлԼľͨڳ֮УǲǾ춯صĲƸĶı
ҶʵԶԶûдﵽܹȫ̽Щ̻ʹĹĳ̶ȣֻԺ˳İ̽
ȥ֮ұӦ׼ĴѰɷʿо֮УΪ򵥵һ磬ֻҪΪ㹻ɷ㹻ڼʱ䣬۷壬ΪסҶϸϸԼ֮;ĵΪѵȴǣɷɷɷɷɷѰң²֪ĸˣ֮Уٳٲͻơԯ丸ҲʥΪѾ񵽿񾳴׵ĳ̶ȣҲֱͻƣǴѰɷԼԪԪ̥״޹
Ҷ۽֪ԪԪ̥޹ľ磬ȻԽΪɾżӰ졣
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þɷϴԪԪ̥ᱻһϣͻƵླ
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Ҷվ֮ϣֻһ֮ǣδ㱻Ϣ顣ޱ޼ʵ̫ӿЩĴ̱֮ڣ֮Ĳϣ׷뵽֮УԽԽʵԽԽ̡
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лʮļԪ֮ױĲһʲƸױеԪҶҲô
ҲҪʮŶҲҪƣϳ˵ĲϣŶܡҲգұЩױеԪŶſڴ󶦣ͳͳƳԪ֮
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һĳһԪ֮÷飬漴һգ㽫Ѿ޸״ױеĺԪץ
ԳʮǼΪ׳ɽɢ˿ȴѸСҶС
׺֮ǰҲֻܹԹԵݷ
ҶſڽױƬ븹У漴춦һģͷ붦С
ľŶܣѾԶԶſڴ󶦣мߵռ䡣
ҾŶ˵żΪҪ壬ľŶǴӾŶ̥֮ŶãľŶɾͣҲ
Ȼ˵ӡҪȾŶʤ٣ǱϾѧ׷ҲȫףֻԼ׷ԼģԼǻ۵Ľᾧ
Ҷץ˼Ԫ֮ױ飬ԪԼ˿ڴ֮Уת½ſڴͳͳƳԪ֮
֣ſڴ󶦶ԪԺõó棬벻ֹһԪÿһڴ̲صԪԽ࣬Խǿ
Ԫֻ֮һԪΪױƷײߣòֻһԪ
Ҷֻ̫ӳУһǹ˶Ԫǿ̻֮ĹУǸǹˣɼɶԪܹױ
ſڴ󶦵ãǿȲ㣬޷ɸԪ񣬷ᱻЩԪ飬ŶƷʣɸԪ񣬼Ŷܡ
ҵľſڴ󶦣ͳͳĸıɣûһ˿һУҪŶƷʣֻý֮εĲϲС
Ҷ΢΢üӵн֮ϢͽľرĲϣĲޱ򵽡
нֲ֮ϣ׶ɽ𶦡ˮͷ綦ҪʲôϣҶ񲢲
ϵĻܸӲŶԭþŶǰ
ϧûץסɽұѻǣ鿴ļҾŶôƵˡ
ҶЩϧͯӵԴѾɵһɷΪǿ뽫Դֽ׶
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ľҲ˵ҿɵضϣȴ޴Ѱҡ
ҶſһԪ֮ͳͳ븹Уʮתʱױ뵽֮ڣױеԪ񱻰ֱӱѹԼĵ֮С
ѾһƷľ磬ûкķҲûɷϴȻҲԪԼΪȴҶֻǽЩԪѹ
ڣԪ񣬹ߴԪ֮࣬ڡ
ԶԶЩԪ񣬸޷ڵ۷塣Ҷ΢΢ü漴Щ֮
֮ླĴײƳıκһܹླʿʶߵˣƵıȻ
Щ֮ĿǰΪʮѣҼʱΪΪòʧ֮ĿǰΪ˵ʮѡ
ĿǰΪ޷֮ȽЩ𣡡
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ҶȻһӡһ֮ȥֻף֣쳣ǿҵĲϮ
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Ҷӡǿ󣬺ɱ񾳴۵Ͳȴ˿
ۺһչأȥضʱһƬڰ
֮ǿ˽ܵӹҪǿ
Ҷвһæ֮ϣԪƴȥֻ죬Ǽȥ
ǼͻȻСػ𺣣Ҷǰ漴ٴչͷ£
ԣ·һͨ׵Ĵ֣йзҶ񲻽档
ƵױȻأסֻ²죡
Ҷ㿪۵ĹͻȻֻľƿһ϶һ紵ҶԪɢ
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Ҷ죬ײжô޴ֻһ±ײ⣬Ԫͳͳ飡
ֻ֮Ҳûȡն̨¥Ǿ͸ûпˡЩʱĵΪʵ̫󣬲ʺĿǰΪʹãֻ񾳲ܷӳЩױļҲܲԱǣ˳ʵǡ
Ҷ񾲺Ƭֻ̣ײе춯СֹƬ̣ײĸƿ٤ײģŴֻӺͣʩչȫֶҲܽնɱֻòһȽסϵܣ˼߲㣬ұסڹײһӣһ߼֮㽫ײĴߣҪõʱڽһұɱˣ
Ҷ񲻽˿Ҳ´٤߻ʥ֮ǿ׷ɱ٤֮Уֻڹײıɡ
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ʦɽ˿ڳĹˣмѾˣ
ƲߵҶǰҹǷ屻Իɽӭǽʦ𶨶ᡣ
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Ҷв죬漴ɢȥĻɽ󣬵ƲӣȷʵΪʦĹˣȥӭɽҪˡ
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ٱ嶾̱ˣ뷽ɽͻȻޡ
ҶһϵЦ̣˵ϲöʱɡ


423 ɱ˵
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ҶΪƽ·һؼ飬ϢȴǣֻǷϿգۼܲƺһ꣡
Ϊޱ棬һ׷컻أ˿еķŭ˼㣬ܲǷ壬졣
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ʱû嶾ѻ죬ӵԺյĵλͳ׵ʵ
嶾̵ĸ飬ڻȪħ֮ϣġ֮ˮжޱҪĵλȪħ֮ȴжг𣬲嶾һ
֮Բȥ嶾̣ΪԼĳ̫࣬嶾ϵƱػ˽ŭ嶾̵ͷϣ嶾̴ҪΣա
˭ɵģ˭嶾̣Ҷɫ糣ʵ
Ļ䣬һϿ£߻ݺݵشڹǷĵ棬ըһӣ
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зŭ㣬ͷԽԽŨͬһֲ
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˻˵һıݣݰٻйϵˣͳͳɱ⡭
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˿̵ɽƱ̶Ѩ֪жٸ־ۼȴҶ֣Ⱥɱš
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ƲӰŰɣת뿪
ȥһ˰ٻɽٻɽٻҲ˹ҶתͬҲһָڹüġ
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΢ͻȻһ׹Ҷüķɳûĵü֮УǵɽţܶɱˣΣ޷ֵߺһ뱦ۣȻɱǿС
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ĵ˾ɲԬ칫һ뿪Ƿ壬ֱɽȥ
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ԪޱȣƵĻ꣬ÿһһɽޱȳأ֮ҪҪأ
ԽԽСҶץģص޷̧ơ漴һͷԪ¥зɳ뵽֮Уž˼֡
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Ҷ̴߶ʮɷķͬԪɵڶɷ˰ʱŽڶɷɡ
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˿̣ġԬ칫ѾѰɽţֻɽȺɽصǧȻȪħʮɽǣеɽʥҲȺɽ֮䣬Ʈ죬ŴССĹ
ʿǧ֮࣬ǹŵĵӣ˲żüãΪǽħɵĴɣ嶾ɽһɹӴϢȻ񾳵ǿߣʮ֮࣬˿ơ
̫ӳҲŸˣԬ칫촽¶׶
˳ŵɽţֻɽŵʿӭȵʲôôҹŵɽţ֪ʲôطô
Ҫ˵ͻȻֻߵϰԳȻһץ⼸ʿͳͳЦɱ˵ģǽģ


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ǰ֮ɽͷ֮ϣͻȻɢһڰ֮Уȴɽ̳ڡ
ֻĹ㳡ǧƵʿڴˣ룬ǿ
Уйŵʮλ񾳵Ĵףǰ׷׵ߣƼΪˣĵҲûжߣ澳̥ĸӦоС
ڵǰı֮ϣŵΡȻһλӣȻһλȨصȡʵѾླ֮ţʵ֮ǿɵϹﲻ֣ܹ⣬˴ν嶾ֻ̣֣ǰȥ㽫嶾һ򾡡
̫ӳڿλ˲żüáʮ񾳵ǿͳͳվ󣬺ȻǴسеĽ󳼣ǿޱȣԪƯڰ֮УɨһУ
Щǿ֮УȻ˵ʵ񾳺ڵ۷壬̫ӳֱߣ̬Ȼ£̫ӳУϢޱŨҸͣȻ̫ӳҲ˿ѷ
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˶񾳴һãɼ˴̫ӳ˶ıǮô˻ᣬҶȪħڣɱʱ⣡
ҶٱǰôȻһŵһǿһ̤⣬ˣЦ
ĺͷѹ˵ȴߵϰԳХһ𣬶ȻֳԭΣһͷߴɵıԳжһɵͭ沼죡
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ͭǣ֮лƹӲӣһ£ҡضŭһɭȻһֻúҲҹǰҰ
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ŲУԸͷԳ绹ҴصĽʿ֣ɱ̫ϲһ佫Ц䣬ˬʵ
һɫЩѿߵʦ֣ʦ֣ǳ֣ɱͷԳ
˵λߣȻǹнڶŵĴڣӦǣ漴Ԭ칫ѹȥֳһ򼣬һƾ˵Ԫ
ͻȻԪ׷ûڣ˵ƶʱڽڱǣﵽԬ칫ĳ̶ȡ

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ླĴףʵεȿֲĿɨɽоƤϴʹУͬԼѨԪ
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һɽȥȻֳһߴɵĹδţɫͭźȻ򿪣洫޾Ȼ֮ûζѣҪߡ
ڰ಻סҶ֣ҶţҶĺ⼫ƺһֱֱӼ֮š

һĴɽ÷𣬷׷֮У漴÷飬ͬһڶ
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ླǿߣླΪ߶֮ǿԸӣգۼ㽫ɽɽͷɽͳͳʧ
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Цһץȥֻһ̽ΰޱȵĹ֮УҲ̽һֻɭ޴֣ԲгһɽصͼֵֹķϳɵĴԲһԲһԲһȥоЩԲ̲ޱµĵ
ֻƣӺڻĹƺҶץȥ㽫ںڹ׺Ҷͬɽͳͳץס֮У
ླǿߵʵֺֻȻǶŷһ֣ླĴף֮Լķ࣬Ԫ񣬹֮ǿԶκһ񾳵Ĵף̫ӳĶҲӵǿʵ
Ÿ嶾̣ţ뻢ıƤ̫ӳַһĵ
Ҷٱڲ֮Ӳ֮һǽҰɣһץסƣдϲЦ
ڲ֮ǹűţҲòϣŵļֵôܱȵһ֮
ҷӲƵЦ
ҶЦɭȻұѣڹײ֮Уѿף̵
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ںڹ׵ĹײĸͻȻ𣬿ֲϢӹײ֮дֻ̽һֻѪĴֻ֣ѪûƤڹؽ֮ܿɭɭĹͷһգ㽫ŵĹ֮ץסһ
ֻźȻ𶯣һߴʮﶥصľ˱ֻѪӲӹг
ˣȻǶŵķ࣬붡ųһģһֻȴ鲼ƣԵޱȣԪǿڣླ֮Խླԭ
ŵķ౻ֳֻײ֮УʱһҽУ;׽漴ֻٴ̽ͬͳͳץס޷ѣعľ֮ڡ
ҽƽϢʧ
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426 Ҳ
̫ӳĿ̬࣬ͣ⸱ʵڿֲ·֮вһͷ޴ʬ壬óɾ׳ˣླ׵ķ֮ͬͳͳԵ
ƣ̫ϲҲֻƿײĸǣҶٱΪ̫ϲ񣬸ܽѵ׼
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ǽܳ˲ţһ۱㿴ڣĶҲע⵽֮Ŀ׷ɨӣѰڰеĻȪħڸ֡
˰м˹ף϶ͬѰĲβˣ
ϧʧǣǱ˵Ѱڰħڸ֣һ˿Ҳ޷
ô֪ƵˣǶڹײ֮УҸһʬ壬ſڱտڱǺöĴ
Ҷһסڹףľ߾ٹͷɽ֮վݣ̫ӳλҪǳ׺ڵңһУ
ңֻ·һ
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Һöޡ磬ħ֣֮
Ǻ֮дһëȻֻֻѪĴٴ֮̽жȻһʯʯħֵֻľȻһȣ
ֻһֻֻݹĿɫޣ׷״ֻƵħ̽ԼĴ֣ħЩ飬ʤգۼ䷽ԲʮﶼǷԲĶƣγһ޴ɫ񷣬֮ɡ
ַ׷£̫ӳץȥ
⸱ΣȸղŻҪֲɫץһ˲㽫е񾳴ףԼ̫ӳʮλд󽫣ͳͳסײȥ
٤ʵɼһߣ
ɽոռŶſڴͳͳЩץߣ漴ȼԪ񣬴ٻļҾŶӰ⣬Ԫһ𣬱̱޴ã޷ȼԪ񣬲ɾʧ룬ең
ĶһԲͻȻŶһһֻֻ޴飬չֳһʵǿɱһѪ·ͷҲأɶݶȥ
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Ҳ٤ħַ֮һ˲䣬Ȼһ磬ŶȥѾԼӲеǸشڣ뿪˵أվ
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ղŻǧˣ˲żüһãɽΪƽأ˵ֻʣһӵͶѡ
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Ҷһֻߵ٤ĴһƬƬ𣬱ȶɷ󷢶ʱҪֲ
վԱߣûбɲֻҲЩһ˵׷ನ飡
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ȻһɽȽȽ䣬̫ӳǰ
Ҷܣֻ˵ɽˮ㣬һľ£΢Цȴ˿ûһ˿ϲã̫ӵ£˵زСܽµʬڴ˵أΪΣ
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ɷϣҶٱȷǹƽѲĶ֣Ҳߵˣڶ־š
̫ӳЦֻҪͶ£¿ԲҪţ˱㣬һҵıҲ㿪ţбȡ

Ҷ΢Цϧ嶾УҰʦҸɱΪ𡣡
һֻ϶ѡ
̫ӳģҡͷЦ̫ظˣҲˣֵۡҶ֣֮ڣ±ԳΪػʣй·ҲԳΪȪħڵΪһƣΪеĴڣһҪΪУ췴ѹȪħҲס㣡
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һӵܡ״ͣıٳ˿̴ҲһƬհף


427 ɷ洫
ҶҪľ͵Ƭ̣ʵ磬ÿһζȻζϷ硣
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ҶΪٻʮͭˣȷԽʮͭӰͳͳٻΪΪ̫ӳսΪãʱɥݵð
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̫ӳǿ߽֣ΪޱҪΪĹ⣬϶޷սʤۡ
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ҶȻֳһԪ֦趯֮ϣʮգصϢ
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Ķɷʮ֮ͭУǿƥͶӵжɷǰΰһȭ𣬻ޣ
ʼʵ۱ǿ쳣ǿɨûе֣ǱȪħڵȥһƾ꣬ӢţѳΪ׻ʣһͳ£
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ЦúܿģɰͰ͵֣Ҳ֣Ƕԡ
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Ҷ֮У̫ӳǰδľУʵԿ񾳣սླ
Ҷͫ׽̫ӳһȭܽ÷飬ʲôԪ֮ʲôת޷ֵ
Ԫȼգͳͳ׼
ҶͻȻٴȼʣԪŪߴԪͳͳȼ׼ֻĶʮͭӰԽԽŨԽԽҲԽԽǿᣡ
ļҾŶʮͭˣɷӳ
һڿڴ󶦶Ȼֻ֣һͭӰ붦УЩ󶦱ʮɷеľŴɷټϵһɷͯӵĴԴڶɷɽʮһɷ֮࣡
䣡䣡䣡
Щ󶦷׷Ҷײȥ뵽֮УӳͬʱŶҲʮɷоŴɷһɷɽ׷뵽ҶҲڷ
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ҶԪȻУ߶Ų㱦뵽֮УʱҶĶʮɷԲٴα
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Ҷδ̫ӳͣû˿仯ͬҲһȭȭͷ̫ӳǾ޴ȭͷ˵ֱСÿụֲ̂ͣΪϵĲ㣬һȭͬշ飬ޣ
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ȭͷײֻжʱһԲľ޴ͬһɫڣڿйԶɳɫԲ֮УǱһŴ۵⣬нֹ

һںڹ׷ײĸǴ򿪣¶ֻѪɫ۾ǺɫԲ׷ȥ


428 һָ
٤ӹײ̽ԴҶ̫ӳ֮ս¶֮ɫ
ֻ˴˿̵սѾԶԶʱӦеʵǵһȭһţŶʮɷصշ飬ޣ
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429 ̳־
Ҷ񲻽üͷδüʩչѻǴ󷨣̫ӳɢʼδʼʵҲֹͣ߶üͷ壬úݵļһȻԼõĻֽƣԼûɢҲκλᣡһĺҵ껹Ҫݶٱǧ
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ʼʵûܳȡ̫ӳļ䣬ƲѣЩϼһ˵ܹ׻Сһֵ˲šСӣ죡Ԫ񼴽ֽ⣬סԪдã
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漴Ҷ׻ץȥֻһ׻ĵһ㱻һ飬ȴеʮɽɽŨ
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漴ֿһ޴ľ׮ľ׮ǧɣƤһ״ǶľһּΪϡľϵϣ
ĲҲΪˣܹˮܹ̫֮֮ʯܹ֮ɽЩϣĸı
ˣҶٽ֮ĲϣЩϣȻûнͯӴԴҲͬСɡ
֮εĲϼΪϡԶľ֮ϣҶֻЩͷĿѣ˶ı㱼Ϊϴ˴ػʹı⡣
Щóһ˴ͷһȷѪ꣡
ص̫ǮһĸУЩҵľŶȻٴһΣ
ҶЩͳͳѹΣᵽԼ¥֮У漴׻㣬мױе̫ӳǹȻУ
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Ԫ֮ҲԪ񣬼һ𣬹жʮԪ֮࣬ҶЩױĲҲǷƷǽ֮ĲϣΪǿ
ʲƸ׻ǰ֮ϣ
ЩԪ񣬲ҵԪָﵽȫʢ״̬һڣȻǰ㹻ɷ
Ҷ漴㣬üԭΪ׻Ҳо춯صĲƸȴ̫ӳ׻տҲûκζ
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ҶʮߴɵͭˣֻЩͭѣһָܴ𣬼ˣʮͭ˵ҲͬСɣԶԶκһԪ֮
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ҶĬƬ̣ǰʵûбҪǰΪˣȥҲ١
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Ҷ뵽Ȫħڵ̳ȥͷҲصɽϵңȥȥأ

٤Ԧڹ׸ੲݵϵܣҾӦĴ쵱ĺܣɱķɵ֪ˡְȻҪһ
̻֮󣬴ؿе֪Ӧڵǰ¼׷ɱ꣬ڳΪ޵еİɶӦڵΪ
ҶεļӦʦ֣벻졣
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٤ɼګګӦױʹɣ
ױҵġ
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431 ɷ֮
ҶֻûпӦڵ٤ƭױ֮ܳΪƭ׶Ҫֻܹ٤û򵽶ѡ
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432 Ԫż
־ɽڵ̿ױԱ˵Ǻö˵ȴ㲻ʲôеıʤ
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ǿɣ˵ںܾ֮ǰʼҵͳʱۿʼ𣬺ɾۣƷΪµĵ
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Ҷ״ҡͷ֣˵ز֪²ŻһɷϿȣѰ
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Ȼŵ֮ðǰҲ֪ԭд·Ҳνıؾ֡
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˿̣ǿ߽٣ļҸס棬ֻƾһڷƷ춦Ǿ޷ôʥǿ߿⣬ǶļĽ
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һһҶ˰Σԭίԭ̻ʳʱһλʣȡļҵĻλ춦ضļҳһλ׻ٿػλϧʼûѰڽ´ĵĹһղһգڱƷ
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ҶΪƣĵʲô꼻
ո뵽ԭͻȻҶֻԭģһ޴ɽ¡𣬷·صһͷȻڷڱԭŲ
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󻨣Ҷ컨ҪӴ󣬽ǻߴɣ˶˵꼻
ֻ꼻ѸţܱߣһۿɼۺɫͬХ˺óһɫѺۣжʱ㣬˱Ƕ
ҶᣬֻͷͣԪ񼸺ڻֽ⣬ʱһݣæס
꼻о綾׶һ񾳴ף
m؅ݡӤ硢gԶžᵽ㣬ȴ궯ƺᵽޱζĶ׷꼻ͷӶСӣҲ赲סǡ

һסǵʱñֱֻԶž޷ŭŬ꼻ȥ
ԣԣԣ
÷׷״ӵµ𣬶ӵһˣȴû֮У·һ˩һޱӴĶ


437 
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޴³γһɫƣԭը췭ظֻ˹һգȻ飡
˿̱ԭлвΪ͵ʿûü뿪޵ĺࣵһ飬ԪͳͳһѪ
һգгԽԽޱȡ
꼻˵Ǿ綾ЩԶž˵ȴޱҪҩӳǵ
٤Ԧڹ׷ɻҶߣƿľ¶һѪɫ۾ʮǰ׻ʣѾ˲֪ãЩԶžܹڣƳԭ֮⣬Ҫ꼻ĹáԵ꼻ԪѹֱؾһΣ
ꣿ
Ҷһʧ˵ǿԳ
٤ҡͷֻѣǳϣǵǻϻˣԪ񲻴棬ҲữһѿݹǣٳԪáӹ񣬳˴˵еЩԶŵˣĸܹۣҲ޷˥ܣأ
ԼĻᣬڻͣƺѰҹЩ޺꼻Լؾϡ
ᣬ漸ʲô֪ʶУȴ鷳
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޴½ظոճ̸֣ŵԭԭһصʧظС
ǱؾʱѼ̫ƬԶһǣ
ͷԶž꼻Աߣͣ½Ųſ̳Իֻ꣬ÿһƬ꣬꼻ԶһƬ档
ؾѿ½֮ϣ̫Ƭ֪˭еؾȥ
˷׷׳̷Ľɫ½зȥ
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һָŻеһģЦʦ˵꼻һֻҹ俪ÿοʱݣֻʱν꼻һ֡꼻˵ҹǼҹİǼ磬аʱ䣡ʱҵʱ䣡Ҳ˵꼻һֱʱ䣬ͷޱʱ䣬ڣؾһֱ֡꼻л֮󣬾޻صϳؾŻʧ
ҶָָϿգε֣ؾѾˡ
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Ըղŷ»Ȼ̧ͷ죬һͷ̫Ƭֻ¶һСǣ󲻿⻹Ƭһǣ֪̫Ӵ
ֻһۣ漴̫ؾ׵Ժ󣬼Ц֪ЩƳԭǵʱǵʱ䲻ͬ˵һһ죬ʮһꡣЩԶž˵缫ҹһֻزһһҹһꡭ
һ۲·˷һ˼굽黭Ȼؾô춯صĳ涼û⵽Ȼܻڣ漣ŵôͷӳš
Ҷ̽һֻ֣סӣڹףеıؾȥ
ץУڷЩһĿ£꼻ֿԶžӳ컨ǵԪۻҪĽܻôʱ䣬Ǹöá
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µʱ䣬ֻ²̫ܽƬһ飬¹ޱԻصѨݷƬؾҲû֮УҪٴ̽Ƭؾֻܵȵ֮󡭡
꣬һͨ˵ʬǶѸãԪƳʿҲһСĿһԪʿҶɲٵȸ꣡
ոշɵƬɫ½֮ϣʱֻѹ̻ѹѹԪӸ߿ѹ䣬òڵϣ޷У
̫ƬʮһǣȻһɹǿѹ̥ͨʿֻµᱻѹ
֣ͨ˴˵ҲֻܱѹС粽С
ҶͨʿҶޱǿᣬΪȵ̫ϲԪڵĸ֣壬ǿᣬΪҲҶ˶٣˾Գ̫ѹʵҲԾ鷢ӡ
٤Ȼ˵ΪħħĴʵǧҶѹ˵ڡ
Ҷ񡢰ǿĴڣ̫ƬҲ޷ֻܲС
Ҷ̧ͷĴֻƬɫ½ϵ״ΪصľݣΪߴ󣬶һգҳգɽͺҲΪӴƺһ˵硣
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ҶҲ˿¶ɫ
ȷ޹һʼڴ˵ֻʱԪԪ̥Ǵ״̬ɷ
Ҫ֪ͨʿǹĵӣȡǾһʣЩڻʿЩʱΪԪ谭
ʿҪĴѰɷɷϴԪԪ̥һʿոս澳ʱҲ˵ԪԪ̥ʼʼǴ޹״ֱ̬ӱԳΪ񾳵Ĵףʡȥ鷳
Ǳؾ̫ĲƬƬϵһĲƸ
ǾŽ״ɢ
٤ƿľ̽Դ˿ҲݣŽǴ״̬ºУûһ˿һʣһʥصĸʥأӵһŽ״ǧ겻ֻоŽ״˻ͻƣɾ׻ʣƽҲҪһŽ״֮Уýӵв˼ӵһŽ״ϧһûʸʹãӴ˿˻ˣ
֪ܲѰһŽ״Ҷ񲻽ڴ֣Ц


438 
٤̲סЦдֵõ㣿ͱļҵǿˡҹƣ˵֮ӦһŽ״飬ɢؼ䡣ҲҪ˷ˣһЩ
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Ҷ΢΢һѵؾҲޣ
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ֱֳһ־޴̫㣬תݡ
ߣӦӼߣûмԼı
ΪǲѾ񾳻ڣڣӦǴ̫еĸ֣ϸһֻزϢظо
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٤ɫ죺ϰףȷҶϵѧϰ
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ߵʵߣǺڵĴףླİһֱȸղŻҪʮֹȻ߰ͼ㽫
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Ŀ뿪´ֻ¥ĲȻͬĲտյ֦ûռȴӵһڡ
Щڹںϣγһ޴ĽȺ䣬ͬһ칬๬ģһ޴ΰԶߴ׳Ƿ
ڵĴڣ·Ϊ˹ֻΪ͹Ժͱϡ
ҶԷԽعڣǰ̧ͷȥֻǰҶдɷ֡



439 ȥ
Ҷ봿ﾲĵģһ˿죬ֻһ˵ĽŲһܹϵĹһ޴ͭżΪݳ޻ĵ̺Խ˿֯ߣɫ˿֯ڳģ֯ǳɽΪ
ҶĿȥֻ̺ͻȻǰʧֻޱȹǿպɽӣ棬·ƬǿɽӲڽ¡
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ɽĹڣԼеһУµ̺ƺ¥ɣʵʣȴʵʣһױĳΡ
ڵ̺ߣһŵıһˡ
ҶƬǿɽӣߵͷֻһ޴ıױȵϺ͵λԶĵλ֮ϡ
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Ҷһɨȥֻı֮ҲһλλӰ֣Щģǧٹ֣Ӧòͬһ壬׷Ц⡣
Щˣͬһ飬ȴ¶һְԾµȣȻλǰӺݣЩ˵ȴҶһָĪĸо·Ƕһ޶İ
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λҶ΢ЦҲ߽㴫޵ģ񻹸㡭
һָҶüĵЦɵ۾ĳŵ
ӰԽԽʧλӰҲڱ䵭·ֻһλеĴڣҶʱ֡
ŵʲôŵ
ҶֻͷѣԴ·ͻȻȥʲôҪըһ㣬˻ߵʲôŵ
˵һεڵأ㱼ƺλߣ˵һ䣬λҲʧҶǰһƬڰԹȥ
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Īǻþ
Ҷ־ЩԺиѶϢңܹоλʧǰһָԺһӴѶϢȻδҶ֪ķ
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Ҷ뵽΢΢һմ޼û챦Ԫ̥Ӹ챦Ԫ̥Ļ˵ԪĴѰɷԪ̥ԪҲԪ̥ɾʹס
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Ǵǰһ챦Ԫ̥ϾֻоŽ״ŻѰؾ̫ƬֵطĴĶǴҿԳմ޼
ķԪͬ㣬ĪķͬһֽĲƪ
ҶһλڸԼķȴƵķ֣沢ûдԪ
ǰ¥лķиĴԪ֮Ԫ⣬Ԫ񾭵ȵȣ˴εõķȴֻдմ޼ַ
ϸϸ˼һ£漴Ȼ򣺡ɣԪ̥ɾʹף˿ʿԪѾɳ׳ʿķԪԪմ֮ʱʱ̶̿ڴԪȻʲôԪķţΪǵķǴԪķ
Ҷĵ񾳡ླ¥гֵķǰͬٳԪķţԪ񡢷࣬ķšҲ˵챦Ԫ̥Ԫһķ߳ɾͣԪķļ£մ޼Ԫ㡭
ͨһ㣬ֻǰȻʣ·Լ෭Խɽ룬۷壬ȴǰһƬ޼ʵȴȥ
۷壬ǡǡǰӹ㣡
Ҷϸϸĥһմ޼ķ׷Ǵ⣬׷һֻһԪ񣬽ԪޱȸͣޱȰԵľأļҵһֻŶԪʼʵ۵ĶʮɷԼǹԪЩ׷ԪķȻͬ
ķһˣһһ׷ԪǿʲôڶԪ⻯νֻ׷ǿԼԪĥǿƥ
ķζҶ뽫ԼֻʮԪϹһһʮԪ̥ͬϹһһִգһǰ
ȻְԵķķļҵһֻ㲻Լʼʵ۵Ķʮɷֻܵɸķʮɷʮ򲻿ԽԼԪָΪʮݡ
Ҷ񽫴մ޼ְ֮͸漴鿴Ĳһ飬ʱɫ̵ࣺģȻǽ֮ϢĲϣֲƽҪôϺõĲôⲻǱȥ𡭡
ԣǱȥҶ߷ߵ


440 ôһͷ
ԴǶͼΪѽ֮ĲϣɹĻϣҪƣҪнĲϡ
нҶֻħеԶԶһΣɢϼ⣬ͬĿȸ
ǱȽ֮ϢҪߵȵĲϣ亱У
ʱôãֻħеıѱѹһգǿнֻҲ˵ղ֮
нֻ¾һȪʥڵıҲûж٣ЩƽĲϣʥֲϣȻóױҵžŲ㣬ʮ㻹úܣڱ㿪ʼʹƽĲϣƵߵĲΣҪʲôϣ
Ҷֲ֪֮УƷ׹ΪŸƷףнǾƷıڱ㿪ʼþƷĲƣ߲ҪĲϣֻ»ᳬ֪
ʵ򵥵ķѰ۵ʡơڵΪǰֻҲ޷ߣδ߽ߣᱻ÷ǣ˵ң׻ʣҲ޷ӽ
ҶһŲɣ̻мʶ̻ʵϢǻеѹͽƣܿ٤ǿߣ٤꣬ĥڽ֮Уɼ׻ʵϢжôǿ
Ǳ׻ǿ᲻֪ٵƵ֤֮׻ֻҲ޷ᱻѹ顣
Ҷ߳¥ֻһ£ŴѺڹױһߣײĸǴ򿪣٤̽˶Դ͡
˵ҿӦƫƫҪ֡
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Ҷͷ綷˵˼ǣ̫ڵĸսڰУ˵ͷ䣬٤ɷ˵¶ӡ
֣ħĴǶĹأǲͬҶȰο
ǰУҪҲҳԣԵǺεɫǺ죬ֱ
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٤ҲȵӻصԱʮ˸⡭
ŭĿӣ٤Щ˼عײ֮ڣ
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ӣȻ٤Ĳһϡ¡
ҶҡͷЦͻȻֻԶһ˻𣬽ŵҶƺһͷȻ
΢æɫ˼æֻǺ¡¡ĽŲԽԽȴ޴ﾭ
Ҷ֣ǲɹˣ̲ס

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Ҷ̧߳ͷȥֻͷ޸ߴǧɣ档
־޵ʵֻ±񾳵Ĵ׻Ҫǿ֪٣ླĸˣؾУȻ˿ֲޣѵʮʱµ֣
Ҷɻ֣˵ûпܣرؾЩޣҲǱؾеԶ֣
пܡ
ͷǹƬд͵档֪ʲôʱҲܳС

յƲ֮УͻȻ̽һ˫޴צӣһ̽ץסͷ޳
ղͷ޺εݣ˫צץס㱻ץͷ­ɥȪ漴̽һž޴ͷһģ㽫ʬסͷ¡
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ҶĿֻ࣬ٶȼ죬ȴڴʱǲԶɭУͻȻһͻͽ⣬״Ǿ
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Ҷ̧ȥֻһ죬һʮ׵Ĵӣü˵ûĵ棬Ӳÿ¡
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ͷʬһһǿױ
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Ҷ֣ҪͷʬôͷǶģòʹȻҶƴǡ
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444 
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Ҷͷһ亹̫Ĳۼٵ۳ɻǿףֱ֮ġ
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һӡֻ̻ĴڣҲѧӡ
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һ֮ͭУڴ߶ɷҶһǣֱ̫һƲ⣡
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ϸУ̫Ĳ˿̱Ԫ̥Χ
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ջ񲻽ˣ̫һƻӲƴǱ޷ӣΪٴƷ۷壬ʱһſ̤Ʒľ磡

Ҷ³һֻ׵Զȥֻһ촫һСɽͷΪƽأ촷ۣ
ڻ̫ɷ̫֮޷գһ⡣
ϵܣ̬ˡ٤ĿСɽͷͷ
ţҶֵȷ̬ˡ
ʾͬԾԾԵҶ֣ҪҪٶɽһΣ̫ĻԿ˵Ϊͻͽ
Ҷҡͷ⣬ЦÿɽһΣһνθǿ̫Ļұûһ˿İչȥһɵʵ㲻֪ٲ㣬̫ƬĸӦԽԽǿҵ׽ټĻݻֻºܿΪֲεľǿߣ
٤ͷǣ뱱ؾĸӦԽǿʵԽǿ޷´γֵĻӵкεʵԿ϶ǣҶϵܵʾĲΣƬ̫Ƭؾֻ˲Ϣᱻ̫һʱɢһϢԽѹ飬ǲҪðձȽϺá
̫Ĳ鲼ؾڤڤеĴڣصĴڣʹ˲֪꣬Ҳײǡ
ؾ̫ˣҲ̫ˣʱ䣬ܹ˵һ飿
ҶĿֻ̽ıؾǾţһëǧｮδ̽Ҫѹһ飬ûаʮʱ޷쵽
ͻȻһЦķܲܽؾеɽ
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һͷǿÿµԶžޣͷţǿ׳ޱȣͷŭѣҶѣ˿Ѫֽ
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ѵ˵ؾֻʵԳ
Ҷֻţ૵ؾ̫һƬƬȻɴԵĵطλ׻治һݳޡ
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447 Ҫ
Ҷһ۱ֱǴ˴κ¹ĸǿУ⵽ླǿ߹˵ķԼ¶ϢӦŵĵӡ
Ǻ¹ĵӣ˴κ¹ĸ˽ֹ֣ۣæһҪ
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˼ЦĪӢ۾ǿǷʸ񡣡
˵ǲҪСôĵӣ֪֪˭֪֪һ仰˶ʥأ

״ս漴ͷͦأ߬ȭͷȻҾŵİĹŵӣ
ԭĵӣѹָ˴Բѡ
ԪʼħڵߺǺһЦ漴ɭȻ֪֪˵仰ħʥأʦǰҲ˵ֻ
ǰ̤һʱһתߵĴЦСӣ£Լ죡ڳλͬǸϷֻϵΪһ
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λǰҪŭ˵ˣΪλǸ
Ҷ״̾ϢһǰڰǰλԪʼħߵѹȣܵȺۻһۣ΢Ц˵ǲҪ仰Ȼ˵ˣǲǲҪ̫ҪˡλҪ
һնʱ


448 Ӧڵ
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ңӦڵˣ˵ȥʵںţӦڵĻˣǾûʲôֵˡ
ϾʿĻǧٹ֣ЩϹƳ⻯Ϊ׷ǿ޵ԣԴʱ˲
Ӧڵı֣ôЩ˶ҶͼӦڵһ߷˲ϧա
ҶҲ˿λ̫񹬵Ȼǿᣬûǿᵽϸռĳ̶ȣӦʦֵһ߷ҲһȪʥڵһ߷мλ𾳵ľǿߣҲڻ¡
һݣ˵
Ҷ˵ûӦڵ˻ڵĸ֣һ߷ҲԸɵλ𾳵ľǿߡ
Ӧڵһ߻ôɱˣѵ׻ʲɣţļҲţ
վҶļ˼Ԧ춦Ȼ䵽йǰ춦Ͼ춦ǷƷ˿ڱؾйǰҲϢ׻Ϣѹƣǰǰ޴
ڴ󶦵ȴС߶ȫʵ𾳵ǿҲڻ¡
ļǿߴӶ٣ΪļҳҶ΢΢֣ЦӦʦ֣ļҲӣйļڱصã¹ŮӣҲҪΪļҴ·ĳ壬ԵţӦʦֵǸ
⻰ȻǶҶ˵ǶҶüеġӦڵ˵ڵǸֻһѣļޱȽҲŵǸ
Ҷ񲻽Ϊѣͷ¹ŮӣΪЩǿ߿̱֣ԼӦڵͳͳɱȻº¹ӣй
Ů·ǰҶͰʩһ񣬵лʦֳ־ȻʦȻţҲλʦΪðա
̧ͷЦλȻйǱգ


449 Ե
·¹Ůйȥʥǿ߶һۣ׷йȥ
Ҷ֣ҪҪȥС
Ҷ˼һ£ҡͷ˵صľǿ̫࣬һˣǶǶ֡𾳵Ϲ֮߰࣬ླǿʮˣ߻ӡҹƣйʵûʲôҪıûǲҪ˻ˮĵѹһЩ
ǹʯʦ֣֪Ƿ񰲺ã
̫ϲ⿴ҶһۣʯǺЦ̻Уĳʯһ棬ܵľأҶץУСʥص̸ɽ̸ֻˡ
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ʯǺһ漴ԭҶЦЦ֪Ҷܷ͸棬ܽ
Ҷһ֪ʯϵˣ̫ӳ̫ϲ̫ӳʼʵҴһֱûн·ϣȴ̫ϲ
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һСʥصĳԣѭɱڣЦҶܹ֪һ
̫ϲ֮ɫ̸ҶֹƽһҶִ⽴âţԪҲҶ̵̸ֵľâԪӦɽֵԪɣɽֲҶֵУ־̸̳ɽ̸֣Ҳûˣλ֮ܳʿ䣬̾
Сʥɫһɹɱ
̫ϲҡͷп̾ϢҶԪʼڵԪʼ򻯹ԪʥҪʵ档ҶֵľתԪҲľأľҲĿĸ߶ȣҶһ෨ţܾ˹ĳò塣
СڵԪʼ򻯹ԪѹΪѸ٣һ֮һԾΪʿԪʼڵλླ۷ԣͣ½ŲĿ磬Ҷȥ
ŵĸҲ׷ͣ£Ŀ
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˿ҶΪ̫ϲЩʥֻҲͲס
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пҶһ˶ռʱ⣬õţֵõλΪŮӵʱ⣬еıȡ۲ѣ˵ƳµľŶļҾŶȡ֮Ҳûпܡ
ڵɴ˿Ҳ˲ýй׷ͣ£ļҵļλǿ߶һۣ·ˣҶλЦЦҶļӵ㽻֣Ǽˣ޿ɺǣܽļҵķױļȪħڵĺ
סҶüϸǺЦӦΪĳΣ
˼Ҷ񽻳ԼƵľŶȻϳҶļķ
ŵһλվϣͷӦȻǿʽ֮£֣ױԽӦҪǿŲǱֻ̫ϣӦֹϵСϵľ
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Ԫʼ򻯹ԪԪʼڵĲ֮أ˵ϣ
ҶܣҪ˼ǹȪħҵ档
ʱ⣡һʱ⣬²йѷɫ٣ֱе߾֮Ӧ֣ǻȪħڳôӣʵ˻Ȫħڵ棬Ӧֽţ

Ŀ࣬û뵽ҶȻôྪ춯ص¼Ȼħʥأһ飬в˶Ҷֵ⣬ʵ̫̫ˣô֪Ҷֱ˶ίұ£κΣκΰ
·¹ŮӸǵɴ˫ĿҶҲȻûϵʣҶЩʥصҪԣȻ˵Ĺע·עĿйâ֪ʲô
ȿȣλҪҷϵһֻתԪľķⲻҪϵҶĳΪô
ҶһڱؾֵطϵΪֻ̱ᱻ̫ϢʵѹѹңűҶĳ֮λҪҽţǺǣⲻôλͷѵҪһֲɣ
Ҷû˵ķݡ
ļҳߵϷڶӦʦ˵㻹ûʸ졣Ӧʦ֣¸ʥһݹҵ˺棬ӦʦֵĻɱڴˣ
ӦʦһʦܣʦŲңҵȰӦʦŻ࣡
ӦʦҪΪһ࣬ԼһӢ
˵ĶǸʥصһǿߣ͵Ҳླ۷ĴףЩվһλһţýǳĻһʥأҲҪֱ֣档
˿٤Ҷü֮У㷲̵ֹͣģˣˣԭΪǽ壬˲бСߣû뵽Сӵǽ̶ȣ֮ϣЩ쵰һֵĻֻӶᱻ÷ǡ
Ӧʦ֣㿼ǵΣ
ļҵλ𾳳̤ǰһ춦죬ѹգֻߵĿռһѣţϵСӣԺͺţϵСӣȪħڱļ֮Уʥ֮У
λαر̫
ҶĿ»ζѰֻ֮ѱЩѹһ֮֮ѹգ춦סйռҲ
˵һ𾳵Ĵף٤ȫ֣ҲûӳĿܣ
ôҶĳȫǣ
Ҷ˿̶򵨱۵һŴǰʱ⣬ٴǰ¶Լݣ
ˣ
һںڹƶȻǰҶһܣЦһȺ϶ֻˣҶĳͳͳ·ȥǵʦ


450 һƬ
һ˶һ˲䰲ĿŻЩɡȻƵķƷϾǸԶͥĿʽ죬вʱ⣬ͬһֹԶ˵ܡ
͹ӴϵĸչʾҲǵ׻ʱķ񣬶ԶžŴĸǰԶͥʢʱΡ
ʵõԶŴУϵĸ񣬱оһʱ䡣
ţ˵ǽڽĴڣпвŽ
ĶʮƽȻҲԶŴжĲ֮ųƿԷӡʮ죬ȣԵôֲࡣ
Ͼһ׻Ƶױƽ棬죬͹Чͬն
žǰʶĿͬһδı⣬ȴȥеıء
̫ϲضסǰǿƣֻȼգ˫ҲСȼա
߸ϽԼںڹҲһ
ںڹԭ߸ǿһ֣ƽȡ̫֮ϲʹãû뵽ٴμںڹףȻҶ
šǸҰɣ
ղλֶԸ¹Ůӵླ֣Ҷȥɫͬһ㣬ΪɣЩɬǺЦҵҪô·
ֱ̽ץȥ
ͬʱླǿͬʱַֻ֣׷ץ
ϣ
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ۣ
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ȴڴʱʮƽâţնݺײ̫¯֮ϣ̫¯ббײɡ
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Ҷվ£ױɢܱƵԴϢֱӱѹѪ
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ڹľԽԽ󣬽һСߴɣᣬ}˵úܣһۿȥ㲻ëȻ
ںڹף
ĳ츫򱻼ƣ¶ŭɫֱ̽ץȥЦӦڵӦȻҳ֣ѵͲλͬ߻
ˣ
һɫͻȻӺڹ͵һĴ֣䴩ؿڣըһ󶴣
ɣ䴩ֹ֮񾳵Ĵףը÷飡
˴ͷԼǰĶڣĿгţ૵ԣƵĹʽӵġ
ˣˣˣ
ǵذĽɫХӺڹһ˲㽫ͳͳ䴩Ʋһ㣬ǰ͸ĶͷҲһֱԪ࣬
еĲ֮츫Ҳƿ󶴣ܴ

Ҷǰɫһ˲䲼ռ䣬ɵļХڽŵλǿû
ֻҽ֪գۼ㱻ɫԪһȻը񾳵ĴһڶླǿߣҲ޷⣬ͳͳ飬ڵ
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̫¯̫񹬵ĽķƷѾﵽ֮ĸ߶ȣΪǿᣬ˿̼Ȼ޷¯ݻ٣Ҳ޷ס¯ֻʱס
æŭһ߸ֺ߶ƽ֮Уû𾳵ǿߣ޷֮ܳ״߷ֻʮһ֣ͬԿ
ʯǺǹǿߺһǶԴĥ
Щѵʽɢʽ棬һСӵУļ־ŭϸ룬׷춦֮УܼϮɱ
˵ȣеĺٻӰеּһͼױܴ߷
ֻͬȳ飬׷ײػǵױ֮ϣײ֮춯أ֪жٽӰ䴩
һСʥླһǿתתԪӲ⣬ֻʮ㱻ȥתӲ⽴
ླ׺߶һģܴ֮߷󣬲ֺܿ챻÷飬ͳͳûʬ޴棡
ҶҲûϵѼļܾȻǿᣬɱݣһɨһƬĸ֣
ȡţΪľһ̣ʥǿߵעȻʼЩһ
ҲûԤϵʼȻ֮ǿ
ƵĽеļô˼סĻʳĲ־棬ļһԶžޣ٤ִҲҿ⣬ɼǺεϬǺεȾ޴
УռʽеļʤЩһԵ֮Ҳ⵽ػ
ߣ
ڹͻȻûмҶźѺڹףһסô͵İתйбȥ
·λ¹ŮҲôˣվйǰҶɷ˵Ů𣬳й
ۣ
̫񹬵λȷӦ̫¯ХҶĺײȥ


451 춦
̫¯ǲܼ֮ǿᣬһ𣬱ѹҶ̫ӳ̫ϲĸֲ֪ླ۷ǿߣҲԿһ
߸֮ͬǲ֮ʮڽﵣҲЩ̫¯ݻ٣Ǵ󽫾ʱʮƽӪȣֱֻ֮ӻ̫¯֮¡
̫¯ԶͨĲ̫֮񹬵ͬ𾳵ǿߣӦڵй֣ȻûбӦڵɼʵ
߽̫¯ֱҶ¯Ҷ֮󣬳й¯뵣δҶоԼƺһּۻȼĸо
¶ȲҪȼԪԪ̥Ҫȼգ
̫¯¯գưԵһ·ѹ
ֻһմ¯ðһͷ죬˫ЮգҶȥ
ͷڣһϢҶֻצ˺Ѳ̫֮¯ľ飬ǿޱȡ
Ҷƺһתͷüٴѿ٤ϸг֣Ƽ
ֻײĸǴ򿪣󣬺ХӹײдƵĵʱǵصĺɫֱڶȥ
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ǻоӢ̫еľ飬Կһл棡ֻƣ
٤ƺһץѣײıȥ
˲Ϣ佻һΣйڴºɨ򹬵⼤ͬһֱĺɫǰһͳͳɨƽ̫ӲأҲһǵ
٤̲ס˿Ѫɫή٣ѹڱҵϢŬϢ¶¶һ˿Ϣ
ֻҶϸռ䱻ϢüϸռĻϣһͬ֩ѺۣҶһ𣬼Ѫ
٤̫񹬵߽֣һ˲ݵ٤ϣ٤ƲסЩִݵҶϸϸѣݵҶҶҲˣ
̫񹬵ľǿҲ⵽شڱѪڱڹ׵飬̫¯Ҳҵõɶ
ˣ
һھ޶̫¯֮Ҷײȥ
Ӧʦ֣ҿܽ¼˵Ĺļֺ߶춦һ·ѹ춦̫¯֮ϣѾ˼ֽĳΡ
춦٤ܿ⣬ƺսȱҲɣļ˺춦һҶ٤ͳͳ飡
⣬ҾԳܲסֵನҶȻǿѹƣ·ŮͰйгȥ
춦棬ҧٶȱҶҪѸ٣գۼһɹǿϢѹѱ
ҶϸУ٤ĨȥǵѪٴγ֣ͻȻֻйһϼЩϼһɹɻϢ׻ѹֲޱȣ
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νǰǺлǰǻһеĽƣļ춦ôһ·
ʦ֣ƽ㾡ǰ
·䣬ƮƮ߳һһԣ壬һ칬֣칬й㺮Իһɢһ㣬Լ䣬Ҷ񻹿һֻڹ±ȥԵÿɰޱȡ
ŮҲ׷ȣʩչ¹׷һʱգ¹ˮҫķ
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Ҷ񲻼ϸ룬ӭһϼȥֻ֮ϼԣԻļ춦
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һϼ춦֮ϣ춦÷飬ھ޴춦衣
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Σ٤ҲëȻֻҲҪйĽ֮£ѹôֻᱻй֮⣬Ŷýֻ֮ƺ¹ŮӣǴԼй
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٤Ѫ죬¶̰âٺЦнУɲܸ
Ҷɫɲ٤ĻŰɡ
Ľ̻Ľƣ̸̻̻֮Ĺס٤λ۷ĴĨɱħʵһƷ
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òԵǣнѹڴˣӦڵȾͷô̵ס֣
У¹ĿɽʦʣǷޣ¹ķ׷ױԿйеĽƣйнѹڴˣ¹ֻˣȡߣǽ·Ůˡ
൱׻ǿᣬѵĽһ֮£һʥضڻ£ִɱԻ˶ģһֱûȡ
Ӧ´ˣάйתĲǽһŽ״
һ¹ŮҶ٤ĶԻ̲סЦǷҺ¹ĵ伮֪һŽ״˴ܷȡ
Ž״ǳΪ׻ʵȾ֮һѹܹ߶˾˵Ľƣ
ҶȻЦϸеĲӦһѣղ֮˵Ӧʦֻ֣ΪЩϹѡ
·Ůһۣ˿Ҷǰȥһȣйĺ԰
ŮƤĪɣɣĽϧ£ϧ±ȽϿʣЦǸղҲһΪӦĳأԭʦŻǣղλԪʼħڵǰûбѳԵֻѹɣʦ֣װ񣬺ڳһ
Ҷգգ۾һۣ˵
̾˿ֹٴص̾˿
ŮĪɣɣǵɫ΢䣬ʧĳѽ
ҶһΪΣλʦ㣬Сܵλѣƽʱͺڡ
λɿڵСӣֻǳԵÿˬǷģڱˣҴԭģʲô˶ԣѣԲԡ
٤ҶüзɳȡλԪʼħϹһȣǺЦˣͣ˭һڣ
ϧ¼λĿ׶ĴѪĴȣ˵һ赹ȥ
𣬸ϿѴ
ҶЦãε⼸λʦ㣬ڡңҲڣ


452 ԰й
˿̣й⣬ʥزдĸĬĬĿйֻҶʧǹļҲƱƳйûм׷
Ҷ򿪺ڹףųʼ˲֪ٸ֣߸ĳʷҲɥڼ֮£ླĴףȫ𣬽ʣȼˣǼλ𾳵Ϲ˿ҲϴˣɫĿ¡
вʥĸ֣ȻҶһһ򾡣ʼ֮£ûһ
Щ˵ΪΪԼ֮Уǵ¥ֽ⣬׻£츣ˣϧʵļ֮¡ʽļµ׻ͳͳ׻κζͳͳ״ݻ٣
ʼҴˣļ춦ػ̫¯ػû֮ܵ⣬ֻʣ²ʮˡ
ǹʯǺˣǶı£˱Ԫʼ𾳵ϹҲǧٿףˣǱ
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Щʥ˵һصĴϾ񾳡ླĸ֣׷ʥҲǺܶ࣬һôˣЩʥۺܳһʱˡ
̵ģһֿڣ˿Ѫ̵
˲ЦЩѾõϽøʢĴףȻһëͷСһĪıȫߣ鴫ȥ֪жҪЦ
ǿڹײеļм˿ܣѵСӵн
񣬺¹ŮѾûй֮УѵֻܹԹԵǳɣ

йΣأļҳ춦еĽƱˣɼĽƺε
ЩȻ뱨ѩޣţҲ״룬йУ𾳵ĴףҲûȫ˵İա
λĺͬ춦ȫǿƽй
ļһɫ࣬ļ춦ȻǽܷӵĲ಻ǺܴԴӴ˶ļ˻ڵǿߣ᲻Ϲľ׷˶춦λļͬģԴйɱҶٱСħͷ
˶һۣĬĬͷκһҵʵû㹻İսй֮߶ڳǿױļ춦Խй
ߣ
󣬸Ԫ裬һһɾע뵽춦֮Уйȥ
Ǹո̤йֻһƬƬϼȽȽۼƬйһϢ磬ϼΣգÿһϼܣ൱һ𾳸ֵһղžЩϼ⣬ļҵǿ߱ˡ
ˣ
춦𶯣һƬƬϼ飬ͬʱڴ󶦣춦ܷӵƿؽƣȥ
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ʦ壬ҪȥʯǺҲע⵽ƿͻƿеԣɫأ
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ʯǺ֣ǰͻȻһĿһĻ
ֻʦλǹĸ֣ͷ·˲绯һ΢紵ɻңȥ
ͷ­·ϸϸɳ΢һߣȻǲӡǻȡСȣһʧ
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ǧҪ߳춦ַΧԸļ߳ȵ漴춦ƿȥֿƿΧĽƣӴݽƿ
ϧѾҪˣɹҩֻӵҩĹӣӳƿͬһԼ¥УЦе˿ûзָ˵Ĵ㡣
΢ЦȴڰޣҩɹȻֻӳκһʿ˵ǺıļҽöɹռΪУ϶ĳϹＶǿܹ꣡
йУǰıһɣ
˿̣Ҷ·졢ѾһƬй԰֮УֻǰһƬҶˮ棬һСżˮϣֱͨ԰
ǴСţԵ䱦԰
·ȡһŵͼϸ˿Һ¹伮мصйͼ˵䱦԰йء

ʧЦѾʮˣʲôˣ
Ҷͷ۵Ҳ֮ʱοһ
·첻¶һ˿Ц⣬漴ɫٴαСţ䱦԰ȥҶæ¿ȥֻһڳζЩǺ֣Ȼֻĳ̡߳

԰ټƵĽȥںҶϷȴҶëȻ
ЩϢΪӴͬ񾳵Ĵһֲ
һ£λ񾳴һʱλοֲ
ЩƬˮ˲֪꣬ϢһʱԻӦһصĽƣѹǵΪڳУǻ˷ˡ
ôһ𣬿ֻΪ˹ֻͣһЩˡ
Ҷ֣ЩҲǷƷǧ˯һ˯ǧ꣬ǧ꣬ǺС
ԼĻҵЦֲ꣬͸ʦʦһϲ
һЩѡҶҡͷǰȥ
߹СţҶ̧ͷȥֻǰһƬԳǰƬ԰һСͤͤҩʱЩҩɻҩ
ЩҩͻȻȫԪ֮ŵʱ̫̫ϣԪ˷Ʒ߱˿
ȡһҩͻ̧ͷ䱦԰пȥЦ·ʦ㣬ղ˵й
·Ҳûз䱦԰йĺۼҡͷܻʮꣿѻݹˡ
δ䣬ֻ԰Ȼ˵ĽŲ·һͷԶžŲ


453 ͹˩һ
ҶвһΪ䱦԰ĹѾݹǣ֤ţ˵ǰ鿴
ʲôܻʮꣿ٤Բ۾ŴͣԼڱ
ƳƵħ壬۷ĲΣҲֻǧ֮׻ʵľ磬ҲԪ꣬ܳ֡
˼׻ʣħ׻ʣֻмǧѡ
䱦԰ĹȻܴڣһַҵĸо
Ѿûг֮Զǰ㣬ӵƾ޾һ˼ʮ꣬׻ʻҪĹ˱
˵ĽŲ춯ڴ΢΢δҶ˱ȻһͷȻѷԶžĴڡ
ô꣬ѾΪ׻ˡ
˸ս૵һΪ׻ʵĹ˷ң޲ɱɡ
Īɣɣ̿Цһ֤׻ʵĹɣ
·ҡͷʦãЦСһЩ
ƲĻþ쳷룬ʲô֤׻ʣܿ⣡٤׽ţͷ亹ͬٲ㱼£Ĩ˰ϵĺˮ
ԽԽŲԽԽȻ𶯣ͬһͷߴɵľųصĽŲȻѭȥ΢΢һ
յģô
ֻһߵСŴֵò񻰵Ĵ䱦԰߳ƹһɽ˵ǰ
Сƺֻһ´СĺëеԶž֮𣬷Ϊ䣬ΪСƺûȫ
Ȼǿᣬûǿᵽ׵ĵزֻ൱񾳺۷ĸ֣ͷ֤׻ʵĹ
յģЩȵļһǴ˵еôȻ紫˵һĳ󡭡
ӶǣС໰һƨڵϣһһյģ֡
С׻ʣҶɫŹ֣ɵĿ٤
ȿȣǸ
٤ͷЦ̵ֹģСһ׻ʣӾˡ˵һ˼ʮ꣬Ȼֻ񾳣ǻȥˡ
СڹԣȻŭվ٤ȥʮ۵³ͷ٤죺ͻϣȫͶϣյģȻˣǿӱ˩סȥˡ
СڹСһ໰٤Ѫͷ˵
ҶҲһ֪˭ѧһӵ໰ֱһ
СȻѾʮԭ䱦԰ĹˣСڹµĺ˵˭˨ڴ˴
Ҷ뵽ؼ֮йʣʮ꣬йͿһˣôСڹϵ˭˨ڴ˵أ
٤ȻæĴѵйллˣ
Сûг룬Ȼܻ˼ʮ꣬Ǹػ԰Ĺĺ
˭ôģôСĹ˩ôֵϣϧ°ķģü΢
Сڹ̧ȣӲϵ˩ϵȦ״ֵÿ£ӻҪ֪ô϶ôִһ䱦԰
˭ܰҰ򿪣
СڹҡҡβͣҶĵֻҪܴҳȥƬ԰Ĳǲɣҿ͸ǣ
٤۾һǰЦһѣԱΪκβ
ӣҪСڹе
٤ոֻԣһĲϣۣСڹһ
ҶǾǺЦȻǷƷȻܽ٤ס
٤ŭŨħ棬ȼա
˿٤գգ۾˫ץס˺ΰƥؾȺɽҲϢҲУȴƺȻûôʹεǿҲ޷
ŭƼԺڻգҲû˿취ûڻļ
ն̨еҲסңһӺ˩һ𣡡
սꪣʹƴȥֻս£һСɵ칬ڳսΧΧսꪷתսꪵܼͣйĿռ䣬һƬ

Ľս꪿ϣֻһǳǳİ׺ۣۼѸʧָֻԭ״
٤־ŭץסſڱҧЩ顣
׷ˣ˵˨ͷһʣµı߽ϣڶҧΪǧҲŪϣ
СڹĿοûϵտʼҲϰߣ˩˩žϰˡǣҴȥǵ¼ңڸµѡ
ӲŲҪһ˩һ𣬲ŲҪһֵܣӲŲҪ˯ڹ٤𼸺ŭѡ
ʲôйѣ
Сڹɫƣŭ˯ĵطŽйѣӵѲ˯ˣ˯棡
ãЪСܴ㡣ҶͷŻСڹƹȥ
·Ҳһ䱦԰
٤߹ȥͷɥ
ӣЩһ͵ǵĲˣ԰ĲˣǽĿ͵ĻǽҪˡСڹ٤ߣϣҧ
˵һһǡӺûô죡٤𼸺ҪˣɥҶ
Сڹҧ䣬ֹô⣬ǶˣҪ˩һֱġҪ͵ǵĲˣҧ
Ҷ뻨԰ֻ⴦䱦԰ʤҩ˱ǣĿ
ʺͶȻǰﵱԼĺ԰챦ʱʮ꣬ҩļ٣û˴ҩѾڻ԰֮Уҩ
ҩģһβͲݣ³ԵҲٰˣĿ¶ɫ
٤ͷСڹŭĿӡ
ҶüͷܵҩȻ٣ҩģȴûжϵҩ
ѵҩҩͳͳСԵˣ
٤ŤͷԼͷСڹ۾Ź⣬ٺЦС˶ҩҩٻڣֱһŻŵĴ鵤һ󲹣
ʲô
СڹҪһϵĹұֻʣһ˴¿һӣ
˵ٴˣӲǹ
٤ŭҪɵͷС̻ȴְ֣ԹĲܸɵ˵ĻᱻһӶһҲǺõġҶϵܣ󱱺ؾؿҪǵûңҴ硭ҪǵãһΣڴˣϣܸʰݹǣҪһ𡭡
˵ޱȣҶ񲻽Ȱ𣬳ɽǰ·˵а취


454 챦
Ҷ仰ҲֻǰοΪ˨סӤԶžޣʣµı߽˨ػ԰
룬˼Ӳ٤ҲŪϣ»κһˣҲû˿İ취ֻ٤Сڹ˩һ
٤ͻȻ۾һ֣һݰγֻݶ˳ʮƬҶһͬ˵˫֣˫Ľһö
öͮͮĹʵоȻԿһССɽɽԼԼԿӣϥɽвʱʱо
һɲݣѾӵˣ˵ɲÿһӵҪʱ䣬öʵӣֻҩ䣬ȻҩҲӶ꣡٤ϲſڽɲһ¡
֣ôйɧζɲݣüͷֹ
Сڹ󣬺ٺЦ𴲣ζô
٤𼸺൨˳סСһ󱩴СڹʾԴһΣͬСɽСȥҧһʱ伦ɹ̣˲֪ҩ
ǡ˰
·ͻȻһ滨־ϲλŮæǰҶչȥֻ˰ֻͨľջСǻȴƯһƬƺƺľͷԼһƬƮ̡
˵У˰˵ԺʣƿԵ˰Կı˰ľ磬Ӷͻ°빦·С仨֣Ҷ͵
Ȼҹ֣Ǵ˵пǧƷ
վһ£ֻϽʮңɢĵҶժһңֻһƬ칬Ʈ죬Եó
ժܾ÷ţǸϽԵΪ
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٤һȭͷûк³ԣûгԹ
ҸСҡСڹί֡
Ҷ񶪸һֻͷСڹڽ¡
ң̾˿ϧҲܶԣһЩԵڶûЧ԰䣬ҲͬЧԶֻ˷ѡ
֪ûΪ䣿Ҷɨӣÿϧǣ࣬ԪҩģӹΪҩĸûС
Ҷʦ֣Ϊֲξ磬ʲô鵤ҩǵΪ
·׻һһɵ˻ǿһûκһ鵤ҩܹǵһһΪҩ
Ҷͷѣ෴׻˵Ԫ䣬鵤ҩޱϡֻԪƳϣͻƵӸľ硣
ѹ䱦԰УԪҩģϧÿҩֻܳһΣڶαûЧ٤죬̾Ϣ
ĿڼͷСڹϣ⣬ٺЦԵ˶Ԫ䣬ҶƷСһ䣬˵Եܹϡ
ǹȫҶǹ
Сڹ죬вҪ
ҶǺֵܣֵܣŵѪôҳζ٤̻һɫѭѭյ
Сڹţ٤Ȱ˵Ҷ񲻽ҡͷղ٤ҪҪȻСڹֵܣƤȻÿ¡
Ƭ䱦԰ѸѰһ飬Ҷÿһҩĸһֲ꣬¥УЩԪĿǰȻòţǽ꣬Щҩıϵ䡣
·ҲѼҩģϵ챦µĶǧҩҩġ
ϧƬ԰ҩҩĲ࣬󲿷ֶСڹɲ˳ԵɼСڹȻÿ£Ҳ˿о֡
Ҷϵܣɹˣϸ
٤ϵһδС˩һλ粻٣Ϊ꣬ȫָЩݰӡ
ʵ䱦԰һƳܼħʶ㡣ҶЦ
㻹˵٤ŭ
ҶֲԼ¥Уֿһ긣Ҳȥֻ䱦԰ֻʣ伸ǧ䣬㣬ЦȥľͷȻжӾͷ취
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Ҷ·˽󣬰ͷȥֻԭΪïʢ䱦԰˿һƬǽ壬ֻʣȼ䣬ĵ㲻֮ݲ
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ǣ׷ˣڵ˲֪ٱҲûг
Сڹ٤ͷ£ƨƨߵܽһƬɫĵϣЦѹڴˣסؾ㳶ӣǽؾֻͷԶž޲㻹ԶԶ
٤Ȼŭŭס棬ס濴ţ
ӵѣڹ죬˿á
ӵȭͷӵѣ

һһ۹ѵĹҶ񲻽ҡͷֹ·ҲֶΣ׷ʩչ׷ױȥȴһЧҲûСҲȥץ٤ҲסȻӲɡ
Ҷϸ룬һɷֻͷֳͯӵĴԴ⼤֮ϣȴ׺Ҳû¡
һɷĿڴǰΪǿΣõʱԽԽˣԸĵˣЩ
Ҷа̾һͯӵԴ𣬿üѡ
ϵܣ߰ɡ
٤·һ˲˼꣬гɣֵ󣬼ǵûңǵﻹϸ硣õңӱˣ̻꣬ӱ㱻˼ꡭ
ȡƺսꪣҶȻںڹ׺սꪣ㽻ˣҲûô
·ҲȻ֪˵ʲôǺá
ҶûнױͻȻЦ˵ʵĽܷп
ȡʽЦĿ٤
٤𲻽ϲæһȥȥֻһ˿Ȼɣ֧Ѿû˽ҲӲڣпж
·΢ֵɷҿ֧
٤𽫽·ϧ¡ĪɣɣŮյһ𣬲鿴ΣͻȻĪɣɣЦ֧ǱʷӡɢܣҺ¹ķʵķˣӦÿƳһַӡ
·ɫأӦ÷ӡĳֲĴڣһǽ⿪ӡ˵ֲĴڱ


455 ֮
Ҷ٤𡢰鿴ʼûзֽеܣ¹ķΪأķศɣˣ·ܹ׷ֽеܡ
зӡĳֲĴڣ
Ҷ΢΢һԼδ½ʱΣʱֲ֧ļ죬ǺܿĹϢģ٤۷ǿߣҲ޷߶һһ
ʱΪ֧ӦǴƷľǽɲ
Ӧǽеܣ󲿷ֱѹĳڣûжӻŵ޷߶
·ƿеķӡܱԷӳɣͬʱֻǸڱ
·ʦ㣬Īʦ㣬ϧʦ㣬ǳƿӡҶ³һ΢Ц
Ҷֹ֡
޷ʮȥˣ˵бӡĴˡʲôܹʮꣿҶЦ
ͷǡ
·ĪɣɣϧλŮ߳һһֻһиԷɳһѴ󸫣ɭɭ׷׽ȥ
Ѵ󸫰Ȼƺӵпٵ֮ƣ·λŮȻʹôԵô׷
ѵ޸ǹ뺮¹׷û뵽¹ŮɵɣȻ˴׷ҶĿ¶ɫ̾
Ѿ޸ϿգͻȻС֨һ֮Уڶʱžһеķӡ޸
·Ů֮Уо޸ɳû첻
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Īɣɣϧ񾳵Ϊ·ླĴ֣ȻҲоɼзӡ֮ǿÿƿһӡҪķΪ
֧һƽϢɢޱȣϬޱȣѹԴϢ

дһƳþòâţŮ΢˿Ѫ̬ήٲ
ǷӡڽеĴڣڳûƣ·ˡ
Ҷʦ֣еķӡʵ̫ǿֻƿΧķӡҪȥڲķӡֻҺ¹ĹԳֲС·콫ҶǵѪ˿µ
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Ҷӹֻһ֧ǰȻǷӡƿһС֣½ɢóء
ĵ鲢ûз沢ûһͷϹͷϹӦǱѹڷӡĺĲ֣޷
Ҷ񿪿ڱȣȫΪһע֮УֻԽԽ֣ԽԽԽԽøӳأͬһһɹɺ˵Ϣ
Ϣ˺أѹճһɫƣͬյѺۣᶶѡ
أأأ
ضȻѿһ޴ѿڣԶĳһ˲һĹֳֵĳĿӵף
ؾ̫Ƭڽͬһƺʱ飡
һ˲䣬ҶоԼӵлصƿУƺһӣܴƲ񷣬ѣ
ԡڽ֮УͬһˣУ˵һͬȸӼɢ۶ɢû
·ڽѹǰŲסƱˣһֱ˵԰ڣſͣ¡
٤ҲվΣܱƵòòˣ
ѣҲڽѹ´ѣ¶ԽԽִأһ˩٤Сڹһصף½ƣؾ
Ҷֻ˫ԽԽ޷֧𣬽һ˲佫ΪɣвȻǽ
֧չһ֧٤˵ʮ֮һĽеķӡŽΧ˾˵ƣ֪Ľʲôӣ

ҶӼɨͬж㽫նϣ䱦԰Ҳһ̵ôرѣ԰һըͳͳҶһ£
ˣˣٺ˨һˣ
ڿ߳ȥˣ
٤СڹѣƬ̣һһĿű˴˲ϵ档
㿳ϵĸǲϵӻڣ٤СڹͬʱҶŭĿӡ
Ҷ˿ڴӼһȫΪɣ˿Ԫ̥տյԪҲûʣ£ûк֧׼ԼϵĻԶ֣
٤ɴ£ղҶʱֲǵãɢܣݻ䱦԰
նСǽܴĲӣ϶ὫԴΪͨ쳹أҲ޷ֵ
ĺãȰȡӡ٤ʵڲԼʵ飬ŤͷСڹ
СڹŭǹȻҪһӣ
̵ģӿɲǹ
٤ΣĵҲܿסΪ˳һԼŪˣǾ͵òʧˡ˵ҲǼױҵսȴҪü֣µױʹá

ͬɫڿз裬һڽԼ׳ϡ
٤΢΢һ㻩죬磬ϧĲҲסҼͷһͷСڹͬסԵЩײࡣ
ס֮ӱڹҧˣ˭ӵĶ֣٤Ц
ˣӽӼһúܡСڹ٤ӵתͣζļЦ
Ҷ㽫ͻȻִһƳһɿֲϢ٣׹ߣޱȣ٤Ҳս
һ˲䣬˴ԶһƬհף
Ϣոճ֣âţɿֲϢѹ
Ҷ֣֧Уѹһ׻ʼĴڣʪһƬ䤱ͬոմˮ̳һ㣬µ
٤ɫأҶϵܣһ仰Ͽ֧ˣܶԶ㶪ԶеĴƽΣ㣡
·λŮҲŵɫҰףղǸһ˲¶Ϣѹù
ϧȰҶʦ֣еĴֻһʥʹȫѹסûǶΪ
·ͷÿһνӡɶһ֣õĴԽ࣬ǸڱԽпƽֲ֮֮ö
Ҷ񽫽𣬴Լ¥УЦ޷Ҳٶ֧
·λŮһۣҡͷҶʦʲôã̫̰Щ֧ǳ
Уѹľ˭ѵǴĻʳĲ־£ʲ˵ѾͷɱôҶ֡


456 Ӳ춦
Ҷ񽫽¥ĵ㣬֧¥Ҳ֣ʱʱдһ춯صȻâѹڲݡ
Բᣬ·ѹйһ̥Ԫ
ʽԪ̥еΪͳͳɣԪ̥տյȫҶֻԼΪڼٻָһָΪȻȫǴ֮ٺκʣ
൱ڣԭԪ̥һöƿƿеˮ۹ͨʿɷϴȥ۹մ޼עˮķȥ۹
Ҷ˿̣൱ڰƿˮգȻˮЧȵմ޼Ҫ౶
Ԫ̥ӴԪǿҶܹоԼÿһʱÿһ̶ڲϽ
Ǭ
·ȡͼָǰһǬ͸֮ӦûʲôǱߵĹٹʴ֮ٹǰֱ͡Ǭ͡ʡȹ
йеĵƸӣû·Ⱥ¹Ůӣĵ·¶ҪѺܳһʱ䡣
һ·ϣ٤СڹٲȻ˵˵ЦЦ໥졣Сڹиק֣ܳƨԳХ죬٤̲סŪȮХ졣
λʵȮҶЦ
Ȯ֣ͽȮˣ٤ǺЦ
Сڹ飬ԼХ죬Ŀֱӱ٤ӡ
ǾعֻĹ԰ټƣĿ֮࣬ʤЩҲͬ
ҶѰĲƸһ۵ﶼпһԪ֮һһӣܻ֮
ǼЩͳͳգСڹЩ̵صĵذ嶼ҶȰš
ӳȥ֮ҪһĺѣСڹֱ׳
ļҵᱻʲ
٤ѼͷĹڵϣХ죬õ㱾µʱˣϿţҵڴ󶦣
յģſڵȥôôţСڹŭĿӡ
٤ŭȫѹϣ̰ѹſڵϣá
ļҵڴ󶦣϶
ĪɣɣԿ˵·ݺݵһۣѾͷæ͵ҵ˼˵йôܻнĲƸ̫͹С
Ҷɣѵļҵں¹УȷܣʱϾʵӣļûзйУǱʴ˺¹
漴ַͷĵļʮһֱĴѰǲû뵽¹ں¹ļ̵סȻˣôڴ󶦾
¹֪ڴ󶦵Ϣ
䣡
ͻȻҵıըҶͷȥֻһھ޶ڰ֮УӲһΪƽأ
ļҵǿ׷Ǭƽ
ֻ춦ڰгתǬױǬڻԴԴϵ뵽춦֮У춦ܣ
ȻҶ˹εߣЩ֮лвٲƸûбǷ֣ļҵǿֱӽݻ٣㽫Щصıͳͳѹγ
ϧǣʣµıﲢ࣬ͷҶ˵С
ļҵ춦ȻǿϧڶҲǷƷɼ춦Ǻεȿֲ̾
ЩһҰƽ޹һʥءϧߵ
䣡
ǿߺ춦ݻһһƾ춯أܹʼ»ˣӹ֣Щ֮£߶춦мֽƣ
һֱҶ죬ȻŹҶˡ
ҶһԸɵʥصǿߣЩ˻ŹŹ֣ļҵǿߣʽУǶڱصá
Ҷ֣춦ƣ֧Ҫǿ᲻٣ɫ΢䡣
ԡ
٤ԣ춦֮ϣҶϵ޷׷ӳܰˡ
ÿߣЩһ춦й޼ɵܿ׷ֻе̫͹춦⣡
·ǷٱƿһƣйĵĴȥйڡ
ˣ
ļʥصǿ߼׷󶦺ХҶ˷ȥ;һ飬ֻըڶǵٶȣȻҶ˵ٶȻҪ첻٣
춦δһɹѹйĵѹñѣһ׵Ѻۣ
ǺǣӦڵû뵽Ȼһħ⻯Ϸ㽫Ļնˣһ̫λ߹Цϵİ̺ͬ䶯ͣ
̫¯ֱ٤ȥ¯һʮڿգиһͷڣǵأйһƬ𺣣
սꪣҿ
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ɨͷҵ÷飬һͷӳĹһ˫ɽצӸ߿̽䣬ݺץס٤Կǣһץͷ­ץƣƿ
ڹЦͷ٤ԴȥʹԽ
ȴڴʱվ٤ͷСڹԴһΣСɽСһҧסڵĲӣԴӲ£
ͷ漴ֳһԴٴ£ͻȻһѹڽڵͷͷӲѹſڵϡ
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춦ײļҵʥصĸ֣Ȼ϶Ӧڵһ㲻κλָĻᣬ춦Ӳ
Ҳ٤ֻڴԽԽ󣬴ס죬춦̫ǿѹ־û˿˼δսȰܣȻҡ
ͣ
һݺݵײ춦֮ϣֻһ촫춦ײͷȻ赲һ¡
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ҶѪʽ·֣һ߶ʽܣʱ赲춦Ĺ
һײ·ŮѪĪɣɣϧµõɶ»飬ȥֽ൹ڵϣԪ̥Ԫ񼸺飡
ֻ·ΪߣҲһ˲⵽شѣ᧿Σ
ҶѪϣ춦Сķ֮÷飬ʱջѹ˿ֻѾɳһ
춦ٴѹҪͳͳ飡
٤æʩչȫע뵽֮УֻǵΪӳ֮£ڽڱǣ͵һգ춦ػɣھ޶䴩һ󶴣
ۣ
٤ͷСڹҲ˿Ѫɫҵ̬ήٲ
ߣ
Ҷǿס֮ջؽĪɣɣϧ̫͹񱼶ȥ


457 ̩
˿ֻ·컹ǿʩչ¹ķһ£ƿ·ϵĽƣҶ˳̫͹
ҲƲһãǧٿףȻļ춦ĶƴУҲش
ǿһҶ̫͹֧Ųס»һ
Ҷʦ֣ûжʽǶҪû·ɫ԰ף˫ڵϣɬ
٤СڹͬήٲѪϣĪɣɣϧ»ڻ֮Уȫ飬ͬһ̲ڵϡ
ģ
СڹѪŭӳֻ꣬ɫһһ
Ѫֹ٤ȡһ£סµĺڹѪٺЦ鵤Ѫǧ˷ˣƵƣٵ鵤ñǧꡣ
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£һִգڿлתһɹ崺Ϣ˵ĸо·ⰻȻ
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ĸоº赣ʩչ׷ױ϶ò˼飡
Щ΢ĪɣɣϧµɫʱˣСԴظϣ·ɫҲͬͿĨ˱ķ֬
ٺ٣һ°⸱εټǿޣǵΪн桭٤Ц컵ķΧ
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Ŀǰʵ̫ϲһеĶǿۣʥصһϹȣԶԶ
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Щˣܹ춦Ѿܿɹĳɾͣ԰ˡ
̫͵⣬ļҵ춦·¼λҴʼ񾳴ף÷ǣλոմﵽླĴףҲѪˣ
ֻ̫ϲ񾳵Ĵףǿ߱ӹһ٣дĸֻ֣ʣ¶ʮˣ˶ƣ
Ҷ٤ƴʽȱױ춦˻֮ײԺ䣬ƽЩ춦䴩һ󶴣еĴ½һ˲䱻г룡
ɼʱǴιǺεȾˣ𾳴׵ϣҲһ
Ҷ˵սȻشϾûһɥʥصǿɱ١
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ļҵĳɫÿ£ܹһϳҶĽѹ֧֧ļڱصã
ǰĹͳͳ׷Ʈȵ

춦ٴα˼ɢһɹɻ𲨶̫͹ѹȥ
䣡
޶£ֻ춦õ˲ֹ춦ٴգݺ£ѹÿռһƬƬݣһײ̫͵ܽϣ̫͵һƬҲûбײ飬ٴν춦
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ֻ²й֮أ
ɫһϲѹӦڵĻƴҲҪԭ˵й࣡
Ԫʼλ𾳵ֶһۣЦӦڵı㣬ƻޱȣ֮УֻʵıƸ˵ʵĽչڴˣ̫дˣȻǰԼһ߻
˵ļ춦ضҲղ֮Сζ
ļߵɫôÿʥصǿ߿϶ļҵĻ֮ģǻͬЭıֻµʱ˱ֱ߽⣡
ڵѣ̫͹УпǶ֣ǾУ
໥ȻɺͺӿԱ˴˲ôġ
ļһ߳λļ춦֮ߵѵλҪ壿
壿
̫񹬵ߺǺЦ⻰ˣһ·еıﶼļߣǿҲûкȵ·רΪļҴһĶ壿ǣļҼ춦йָһЩôֻЩ˵ȥɣ
սأĬĬȻͬĻһ·ļҵǿ춦һ·ѹΣбﶼ붦Уûзָˡ
ļɫ΢䣬漴ǺЦȻˣ֮УҸƾֶΣȡļҵλʦˣļҲԹԣڡ
ˣˡ
˴׷ЦļҵǼˣҲṰֻļңô˼ΪУ
˵ȴһҲŶԷļλ߶ǵĻȻţ˶һۣͨЩһﶼϺ꣬ļҵУֻЩһתͷԸļңǾҪǣؽȳ棬ڣļУҲ׶أЩͳͳɱ⣬һ


458 ʬ
ȻҶԪɢǿ٤˼أʱԸԭļҵʥصǿߺܿ׷Ҷ񵱼ڴ˵ͣ໥̫͹ȥ
һִԴԴɢӿڣ޸ˣΪƿ̫͹еĽƣ·졢ĪɣɣϧλŮҲԼԼ¡
ֻתӳԣһһǰδеĸд
Ҷ·ܹظо໥ǣˮ齻ڣǵԪҲ̰ļȡ˴˶ԷָоΪǵԪʱ¶һ£ƺǼս޲Ҫһ
ҶͷĪɣɣϧɫʱˣֻ·ɫ糣ı΢΢ϣЩ٣ĲҲֳ΢΢ĺΡ
ϵܣλйп϶ʶʷƸĵطҰң٤ٺЦ
å̬ɫħ·λŮ뿪ŭ⡣
ҶԿĪҪЦڰҪ
ĪɣɣŭĿӣЦĪûµĻҶʦ־Ϳȥ졭ˣ޳ܣ
ϧµͷ½ǣҶʦ֣㡭Ҫӡ
·ҲһֻɵĿ⿴Ҷͷðϸܵĺ飬ګګλʦ㣬Ǹᡭ
ֻ̫͹濴ƺ󣬵ж죬ռ伫Ϊ·ӣͬԹӦֶͨΣ׻籦Ŀռ䡣
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ǰ治Զ̫ʹؾڡ·¶Щ֮ɫ漴
̫͵棬оŽ˵ʵչĪɣɣ㽣Ц
٤ͷСڹһֹʲôûУֻһѵʬ壬ĸǰԼǣͷԪȥ
ԣ棬ЦȮ
Х죡ڹƨ֣õ
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ĸڹĿⲻƣ졣
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ҪܣСڹצ
Ҷ񲻽ҡͷ己࣬己ֳδؿţ˵ԭѩޣǿԼľѪʹﻳУһСĲȵѩ޽ӡϵľѪӣһͷСѩޡ
һʬ壡٤ۼ⣬֣ɲ
Ҷ񲻽ƣ٤λһ첻µز£ȻһʬʱᱻŵѵʬеëӻҪ
̧ͷϿȥֻһ߾޴ʬǽϣһϹǿߵʬףŲ
üĶ˶ǽϣڴѾʮ֮ãʬ
ͬƽӲӣʱƤбųһķģžž죬Ȼޱǿᣬﵽһַ˼ĸ߶ȡ
Ȼʮ̴꣬棬ͬһɽԽӽ
٤ɫ԰ףСʥصľ֣𾳵ǿߣΪһҪ񼸷֡Ѿ˰˾Ž𲻻֮ǿԱһҪǿ֪٣ǿȻᱻ˶ǽϡ
Сʥصǿߣ
ҶȻСʥصľתԪᣬķǿֻ֪ԪԴƣȴ֪תԪˣΪͬȼʿʮʮ
ǽϵĸ֣Ѿ޳ɰ˾Ž𲻻Ҫִ֪߳һƷƷףﾹȻҲᱻǽϣɼɱˣΪǺεȿֲ
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Ҷ͵ˣȡʬ壬ΪλǰΪ磬СܱὫᡣ
Ҷָ壬С̾
ҶɫЩ죬ԵĿһǰȥ
û߳Զַһʬ壬ʬ屻һȭ飬˻⽴Ϳ̫ͨʹǽϣ
ݴµϢӦҲһλ𾳵Ĵף
̫ʹԽֵʬԽ࣬ˣϣĲ֮ĲƬͳͳǱһд飬ܴ֮ݻٵøɸɾû˿ԵĲб
ָɵЩǿߵˣһֲɱЩ𾳵Ĵ״ûõڶУױҲûжã
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Ҷ¥ϽЩױƬȻЩױƬûκܣױеĲȴΪϳˡ
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һλ˻ʣȻҲһлС٤˫ȷЫβͲٱֱ𣬶ǱŵͷȮɴβ͡
Ҷǰȥֻλ˻ڵľǱֵ룬˻֮һڴͭ¯ͭ¯Ҳп¯ðһɫ⣬ΪҫۣΪˡ
ͭ¯Ȼ֮Ƶ˻֮
Ҷ񲻽ϲ¥ͭ¯֮ͬλ˻ھʬһˡ
ſԣҶ⣬ЦַģСܻ¯ӺλǰһᣬΪΪôСܶġ


459 Ž״
˻ڵĴף൱ڸʥ֮˹Ǹεİ˶û˿أ㱻һΣ˲зë
ʲôڴ˴ɱ䣬ɱôǿߣѵ׻ʣֻ׻ʣȵս˻ڵİ޷֮٤૵
Ӧ׻Ӳ̫ʹһ·ɱʵĲ£ѵǴĵ֮Ļٿɱй˼黭Ҳûⷽļء
·ҡͷҺ¹ĵ伮УҲûм¡ΣȷʵпĻٿΪ
ĻٿΪӦòʣһӲйʲôҶüʵ
ȡĻʳ˵ľۣʱ޵еΪ춯أٿ֮ʱĴ֮ʣŵ޷ص׻硣
ʱڳɫȮΪڣٿΪӦñҪѷɫ
οʱļҵ춦ضѾʵߣƾڴ󶦣ٿӦòʵĶ֡
ٿҴؾսʣ϶İա
̫ʹǰûκʬ壬ֻнӡ
Ҷ۾һЦ̫ʹսʵģĻٿһˣһͬС
нӡƽƽӡȵĵϣ룬һнӡ߰˴磬̣һнӡ磬ӡͲĶС
ҶϸȥֻÿһֻӡŤ̫ʹĿռ䣬汻صľͬһҲ顣
˵ƲŤ˽µĵ棬ԵǽڣҲǴĿĵѺۣͬһ㡣
̫͹Ǻεȼ̣λԼʮλླǿߺļ춦޷˼һשһߣ˾ȻƾƱ㽫̫͹ŤΪʵ޷ĳ̶ȣ
Ҷͣ½Ųϸϸ鿴Щӡֻӡ£ϸϸ鿴̽ѰͬѰ硣
ǰսʣλ޵е׻ʣǶޣĽתֱӷӳǵĽӡ֮ϡ
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ӡϴӦĻٿ˵ĽӡһɣϸС޵ĶƣĽӡޱȣۻҡ
һнСĽӡȴҶ΢΢һ
˫ӡһžɣЩ乭䣬ӵлصǽӡڼǿʱţתϢйµӡǣ
һʣôܡ
Ҷֻ֣һžӦʵķȻٿһսԼ
ֻһܣʵķʵĵӣ޳׻֮Ļٿ֣ʣ
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ĽƣѾ˫ӡĨ·ƿƣ٤޼ɵĳ̫ʹ
ߣߣȥѹα٤ͷĺڹСУ˻Ҫġ
Ҷ·˼æ첽ǰȥ̫ʹǰһõĺ󹬵ûԭûʡ
ƺһ֮أŨĴ糱Ũ㣬ɫˮ飬һƬɫ
ֻ֮˷ƺƬв֪гΡ
ҶĿҲ޷Ƭ
У϶оŽ״
٤ɷ˵дȥʧڽɫ֮УոʧͻȻŭ͹
Ҷһֻ٤𵹷ɶݺײڵõǽϣͷСڹѹ󣬼٤׳ѹ⣡
ڹӲĿ£Ȼûбѹɻ
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ҶҪļЩ浽ʲô
Ʒߵû˿ʣʿ˵ֱѵ鵤ҩ
·ʱҲ֣Īɣɣϧ¶һۣŮ¥׷׳ȡе
ᣬչͬҲڳȡе٤ڹףϯҲſ³һöƿƿ£ƿд޴ȡ
һħһ֣ҲûҶһ˳ȡĿ졣
˿Ҷ¥θںõó棬ϯƬɫ󣬽еĴͬһӿ¥ͱ֮С
꣡
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Щӡ۾ʮ꣬ɴ׻ʵϢŨɢѹǵ顣
׻Ϣӡܱ𵴲ͣгһͬһʱһ£ս飬鲼ɱ
ղ٤Ǵһ׻ȭӡдϢϢĨɱնأ
ҶɣԼӴЩԻᱻ״Ĩ
Щսµĺۼ̫ʹпտյֻдһ޴ļ̳ƯڰС
̳ͬӦʴ湭֮ϧǹѿգչ
֮⣬ʮ޴ڼ̳ԣЩʮڼ̳Χ
ζצк룬һɴɵ
֮ХȣģһɹɻϢɢܣ
һѣ׻֮սನ飬ΪʮΣÿһһؼ̳ƺڵȴʵĹ
ÿһɢϢҲͬһλ۷Ĵǰֲ
ʮͬʮػļ̳֮˷Χ鲼һ׻ʲдϢγ޷Խǵ޷Ӵ̳ȡ
ﲢλ׻ʵսĻٿʻһλ׻ֻݽ֣뿪˴˵ء
Ž״
٤۾ʮ֮ϣЩ٣ⱲӣǵһμŽ״ϲԴҲЩŽ״ҲлʾΪħ˻ʣ
Ҷ񳤳˿ҲЩŽ״֤׻ΪؼıҲһʥصĸ
Ž״ļֵȫУ
ȻľŽ״Ѿ飬ֵԲѷʽĲȱ
䣡
Զļ춦̫͹Ƶı죬ȻʥصǿҲ̫͹У˵ض
𣬰֣·ʦ㣬һ֣
Ҷ̼ʽԪ̥ĵԪƯ֮Уһ׻ϢನѹȥݺݵЩͳͳߣҲǣ


460 ʼ̳
٤·졢Ҳͬʱ֣ȫΪͳͳע֮УȮͷҲԾһͷɫϸȮ׶ݣצ֮С
ֻ֧ʽԽԽԽԽأһ׵Ľɫ޼һ±ڣ˷
УϢԽԽǿϬƥ
Ҷ߾ٽмļ̳ȥ٤ȸϣһ׻Ϣ
׻Ϣһڿڴ󶦣༸ǧףϢײͣ
䣡
׻Ϣ֮Уֻһڿڴ󶦺飬Ӳ飬Ҷһ·ɨƽƹȥ磡
Ӳ׻Ϣ⣬ķҲǴ޷ʽֲȱĽǲ֮¶ᱻһ˲ײ÷飡
䣡
Ҷ˸߾ʽһ·ƣƿʮ׻Ϣڴ̳ķΧ֮С
ȴڴʱֻһ촫Ҷͷȥһھ޶գڵ֮ڡ
ļԼʥصĶʮλǿߣڸ
Ž״
˵۾ֱˣһԪʼڵϹ٣̴ļ춦·ɳХ̳ȥ
ޱǿᣬڰձ㶸ȻһͷĶɽŲƣֱ
ͣ
һѪλԪʼڵϹҽһһ׻ϢӲг룬ѪȾգ
ˣλ𾳵ǿδŭƺŬ£һ
֮׻Ϣ÷飬׻ɻңʧԪ񡢷࣬ͳͳд׻Ϣ
һλ𾳵֣ɥ׻ϢĨɱ
춦£м˴춦ַΧŽ״״˸սæͣ½Ų
̫λ̽ż̫¯ֻ¯գʮһͷͷֻ̽צӣץס¯ݺһϢѹ£
ֻһ죬ʮջ飬ʮͷڲҽһ׷ױ÷ǣ¯ɶأ¯дı¯ȻһײУ¯ڲѺۣ״ݻ٣
۵˿ѪֻѪո뿪ĺ㻯һ̫ɵĻ׸ߵĻˡ
¯𣬺Ҳˣ
ļλ߶һۣ¶ЦĵЩΪֶθҪòļҵ춦·һ
λŽ״׻ʵϢΧƾһˣѴƬü֮߶ļ춦ƽ롣
һļҳߵҶٱСѾʼ̳ͼȡŽ״ѵλҪžŽ״СӵУ
˵̶֣ɱ̳ɱҶٱӦڵ⻯
ĺ춦̳ȥ
춦Ǵ߷ޣһ׻Ϣ׻ϢһɫӦʵͽײ춦ȴ춦׷顣
λһ֮
ҶЦվڼ̳֮ϣ٤˺ʽֻţ޼գݺײ춦֮ϣھ޶ײõ˲ֹ˳׻ϢĹΧ
ļλߴŭٴ˴߶춦Ͻٴײ춦ˣ޷Խ׳һ
ҶٱСֳҪͷڹ̫꣡ϲ޵Ҷƿڴ
٤ͷСڹվȺۣС˭
С㡭̫ϲһʱƤϣͷ֮£Ȼһռ˱ˣЩѪ
ǹյģȮ̧ǰצָ
̫ϲŭһ޲̳ȥСж˿顣
һҶ֣һˣǾΪ
ҲǹյģСڹЦ˲
ɫ࣬߬ȭͷؿŭգ漴ȭͷɿɫָԭ״ЦһһʶҶ֣Ǵɷ򣬱㹫ƽһλǰǸˣԤĪǣҶˣ
Сڹ٤ͷЦյģΪʲôӺ㵥ܰﶼϲ㣬۷ǣ
˫ֲ˿ɭȻããȱһŹƤ
ٷϻֽ
ɫǺ죬λ̫񹬵ĵ߳Ҫŭ֮ˣҪıԼ־Լģ
϶ֽ
ͷȮֺսӴ򲻹㣬Ӿǹյģ㲻ҽǹյģ
λ̫񹬵ŭһһѪһȴԭˣһʱѹסơ
į侹Ȼûӵĵ֣ѵѾվ׵۷壬޵ˣͷȮվ٤ͷͷ̾Ϣһ紵ͷĺë⡣
ļʥصǿŭ߲ѣɫüΪѿǱӦڵǿƣǲӦսҲˣǴ˿սģȻһͷûгĺڹб֣·úڹѪͷһ
Х죬ֵʮ콫𾳵ǰѪ
Ҷ񲻽̾Цûаգȡ
ǵȻϵܣϸҺôҲ𾳵ǿߣŽ״ǿѾʮΣȡǲڻ£
٤𵱼ƣľ򿪣ȫ߶ڹ׺һʮСһ¡
״Ĵͬ̾צƿ⣬ȴ٤ѵֱڹȥ
䣡
ʥصǿ߳û춦׻Ϣ٤æȡҶ˺ʽٴνǱˡ
ҶҲЩȻĶ̴٤ȡЩƱؿԳû̳ķΧǽ̳ʱֻ±ҶЩ˵ڣ٤ֻܷȡֿǵ֡
Ҷ֣и顣
վȡһȻתߣǾ㡣ǱǲݵĴУǽգҵȷŹһ·Σ
Ҷ΢Ц֣˵仰Լô
һִջ֮УڷڳХɢһޱȸ߹ޱׯϵϢ۵Ѫ
дһֽţȻҪšҶʼңҫ̫ħһûĸɣĸңҶʼң̫ɵĴˣĻô᲻ţ
Ҷϥ£һִȽȽһǧ֦ǧֵâҫķɢŨϢ붫ִսӳԣͬգ໥ԣҪԷĹâڸȥ
Ҷ򶫻΢ЦңǸҲš
ĶסĴգɫ粻̫񹬵ɫȻޱ澭Сӣ̫񹬵Ĳ֮أ죬Σ㶼Ҫ


461 ˬ
ʼ̫񹬣ͬǶʼҵ棬ͳµѪͬǣʼ׼ң̫λȻڶʼ֮ϡ
ʼҵĵӣֻ񾳣ʸ̫񹬣ø߲εĴС
ҲڲǰŻ̫񹬵ϿɣΪеһӡ
̫񹬵ĴбͨɸӸǿǹϵħһ񹬵ķδȥ
̫񹬵ǿ߿ҶȻʹ̫񹬵ķѣ޲̽Ҷˣջ澭
Ǻǣ̫񹬵ķҲСӵˡ
߸ЦСӴôʥصĲ֮أȤļҡšСʥءǹԪʼڣػҵĶʮɷôʥصķȻһ̫񹬵ķҲѧСӣǸֲš̥
ĪӦڵһһţԸǸʥأ
ЦӦڵʵ̫ˣ
λǲӦڵΪСҲܷŹɳȻһ󻼣ļҵһɭȻĿסҶͷʽĿ⼸
֧ܣֻļ֪ʥУȻһ
СӻӦڵ⻯Խ׳һӲĻ춦Ҳ޷͸ص׻Ϣ
ȻȥǾҲӲ꼻㣬˻գؾʧҵҪСӳؾ

ʥصǿ˵ʱΪûп̸֮·˵Ķ䣬˲ɫȻ
ʥصǿȻ޷ʼֻ̳Ҫڼ̳⣬Ҳ޷뿪̳ʽǿûǿᵽѹ춦ĳ̶ȣƾС
ʽлһ޴Ǹʷӡڲϳеĺķӡ֪ʱ
ʹõĴԽ࣬ǸڱԽпǰ
Σղֹڴˣؾʱֻ£Ѿʮ죬ʱ򱱺ؾرգ֮Уʱֻ±ᱻ겻ܼգ
ʱ䣬ѾˣͰ͵С̫ˡĪɣɣḧԼ૵ɥ֡
һܣֻȺۻţЩʥǿ߷Ǵڴ˵أκ뿪Ļᣬǻһֱȵؾرյһ죬ԼЩڴˣ
Ҷ֣Ǹô죿
в֣̿һγţ뿪Ϊһ·ƽһؼһѰɷ޳ɴ޹ľ硣
û뵽Ҷ֮ɱԭƽó̱ðӿɱϣŴվڱؾ֮С
е֮ͽȻ෴뼫ȴ벻Ĵ̼鵽δйĸܡ
޷
Ҷɵ쳣΢Цڵĵ֮ȻԼΪʵ֣㲻ѾѼ㹻ķˮɽɷﻹʮɷڡǵʵЩǿ߶ԿҲмְա
˵ڼ̳֮ϣʼ
ΣȡԼѼķɷˮɷɷɽɷɷʼͰ༳ȡɷԪԪ̥
ĻۼΪۺǷȱɷϴȥԪԪ̥еʣɷ㣬ΪһƷԽƷƷƷٶȿ˳Ծ
·ŮһۣҲ׷£Ծһ¡
ĪɣɣϧλŮԪԾ⣬ĪɣɣԪһͷ޴ѩȱ򿪣һһϼ䣬ͬһ飬ѩ£Ԫ
ϧµԪһһ¹ң壬Ƕ˵ķȻǺ¹Ԫ֮
·ֳԼķ࣬һŮȹƮ裬ɣԪһͷѩ׵·취üģʱգգ۾ġ
ķߣ͵Ĺâҫÿһ缡࣬Ԫ
ĪɣɣһʱʱԼѩԪ͵͵ƯƳҶִ໥ĥһ£֮漴ٷء
λŮ͵͵۾ƺûע⵽ΣӴ޼ɵ
ͻȻһϢҶĴտٽϢȻعϡ
ĪɣɣϧŭĿӣֻƺΪ²Ҳ֦һ𻨺ţ㣬£Ůͷδظһֱüҡ
λʦãעһӰ죡·˫ĿƱշǱգګ
ʦ㣬ĺҮҪҲԿĪɣɣСͨ죬С
·΢죬漴һ
Ȯ٤ͷеãˮֱĿʱʱһ˿֮׶
·۾ɨһۣһɱ漴ڲ£аС
ȮĿһæٿ٤ֹ椶Ӻܲˬ
Եǵ£ǶˬŹ֡٤ȻϣǺЦ
ǶҶϵܾͺˬȮ٤һƺҶΪҶϵܣߺߵ
ΪҶϵˬǲŶҶϵˬ٤ںĽ͵Եòײ࣬̿
Ҷţϼȡ䵽ԼԪԪ̥֮УԽԽϢԽԽǿ
Īɣɣϧʱʱ£໥ϢΪڲϸǣͬʱȹ̾磬ΪΪ粻ȵ
Ȼ޷ȡЩŽ״¥ѼĴʤ֧
ٶȣȰ˿ѷƷƷƷƷһֱǰ˳˳ĳڣ봿ڡ
ԪתҲڲϼȡ޳ȴǰǿ֪١
ԪԪ̥ҲڷͳɳΪԽԽ񣬱ͬȼʿҶνɲ⣬޷͸
Сӵٶȣ˳ԾȻһӦڵ˵ʶ׻ʡ
ʮʱ䣬ʥصǿ߼֤ҶǿֲٶȲȻ׷װ¾ģ˴ҲܷŹҶ񣬷ɳȥ
Ŀͬ澭֪ҶΪжôֲ껹ҪѸټ֣оһвС
ʯǺǹĸҲľҶĳɳٶȣҲʯǺλҲоױȵвҶʵв磬ҶٶȣֻºܿӭͷϣԽ
񾳻ڣֻ±ҿ⣬ˣá
ʯǺǹ˸ƳƳĵˣҲãǽľ޴в

ļ߼춦֣һ·ѹʼ̳ʹҶ˲òͣʽֿ
ױԳ壬һϢ±̫ʹӲƣҡҡ׹


462 ˽
̫ʹУʥصĸʱʱ춦ҶֻܼʽӲ޷
ʽ춦϶ԿҶܹоеķӡԽԽɶ
½ԽԽȵĿ춦бӡǸڣƺܹоӡͬʱҲײӡͼƿӡ䡣
һޱȵĴڣݷڽ֮УȴԼһ졣
Ҷ˼ʱĸоʽһɿֲڼζʱʱɣ޾Ϣ
٤𣬶Ҳ־֣ԶԶС
ڵǣޱȹϿֲĴڣһʱ仹޷ƿʷӡŽõĴ࣬ӡԽԽɶϴ֮գֻѾԶ
ʱһչȥܿһʱȥ꼻лؾعյʱԽԽ
ʥǿҲҶ˵ԣǼ춦һ£ҶӲǿһ¡
һµʱ䣬Ҷ˼;ƿݣ٤ΪҲĸɣ
˵ȸǲȻ÷ˮɽɷϴԪ̥ԪΪڣҲ۵ľֻ֪еʽļ
·Ⱥ¹ŮҲƣԪ񼸺ή·ķҲڲˮԽԽС
ȮСڹҲ۵ѣԭʷ۵Сڹ˿ݵͬɲһ㡣
Ǻٴ߶νֻҪʥصĸּȥƱؿԺĹеΪǻڴˣ
ǳŲסˣեǣӲĥļλ߼״ϲȵ
ͻȻһͷͷԶžƳĺ쳹أ͸ؿռ䴫ؾҲ¡¡ľ죬򱱷Ʈȥ
⣡꼻Ѿлؾرգ
ʥصǿ߶һۣԷеĲ֮⣬Ѿ๥Ҷһµʱ䣬ҶǻڴˣϱؾȴҪͷ·գʧ
ִڴ˴ôֻؼգ൱ڱ꣬װ˷Ĺ
ؾرգǿߣ
ļλҲ֪ʱѾ޷κҶˣֻ뿪һתߡ
Ҷ֣ټ
վ̫ʹǰҶң˫ֵ֮;ҪϣͬҪսָ㣬򣬼ʱ䣬Ҷֻܶྫʵ顣ڽյ̰ҶȻΪ׻ʣҶΪȴҪֹڴˣǿ̾
ҶٱΪƵĻʵۣһͳ£ֻܱڴ˵ء
̫ϲĿ¶֮ɫҶȥ΢Ц޻߸ľӢڴӭҶĹ
ڳΪ׻ʣ
Ҷ񳤳˿Ŀ⿴򶫻̫ϲЦòŵ꣬˵Ǻܿټ
һЦתȥ̫ϲЦ߸һ뿪̫ʹ
ʼ̳ǰʯǺҶһۣҶ֣ҵܵǷڣ
ҶͷҶĳ¥УȻ
ʯǺ̾˿תƮȻȥƴҵܣһ
Ӧڵ̺ۣ⻯ȴҪڴˣ˵ⳡ˭ʤ˭̫񹬵λ߹Ц٤𳰷漴̫߳ʹ
ҶٱҲһɫ˽ܣ˭ϵ㾹Ȼսⱱؾ
뿪һҴĸ̾ϢЩһǿ߿ôãһǿߣҲ㺦ս԰ϧȪħڵῡܣ꼻һ֣
ʼ̳ǰܿһˣԶž޵ĺ߿ؾݣû֮С
ؾ̫ĲƬĲƬӦô׻磬Ǵ̫֮УԴסͷԶžޣؾܴ䡣
̫磬Ѿ𣬱֮أ̫ĲƬҪصƬңû˿磬Ż³䣡
Ҷû̳̫ʹѾ;ƿݣ˵ؾ̳ûС
£ָ̻ԪҶ񵱼ȵϥ£´תմ޼һɹɴԪѸѾӽɺԵԪ̥Ԫ
·Ҳ׷ϥָΪ
˿ֶ룬ǰһָΪǱǰһ뿪ؾǱᱻڴ˵꣡
¡
ؾͻȻҲһ£Ȼָƽ
Ҷвһ죬Ȼؾֻ´˿Ѿ֮У뿪ԭϤǸ׻硣
ĪɣɣϧλŮֹͣҲ֪˿̱ؾѾİʱգȴ󣬲Żؼա
ģֱˣ꣬϶һѵǿߣڵҪСҶӺӵ٤ʹһ䣬޺޵
ãԭܻĵط˺ܶࡣ
ȮܰݣȻǰ㽹꣬ٺЦӵܳХɻഺɣ
ĬȻ
ԭϣʥظַ׷̧ͷֻͷԶž޻˻ԭأסıؾ޴Ľɫ½Ȼһûգʧ
٣пסһпܳΪ׻ʵĺݽɫһߺǺЦ
ȪħҶٱʵǸݽɫйǰһٿɱһǿߣ൱һʥصм
̫ϲҶҲ֣̾ˣȷпʶ׻ʣΪؼİ
ϧѾڱؾһû˳ͷĻᡣ˵ʱҵǣҶٱⱲӣ޷뵽Ⱥ۲ʶ׻ʵս֮ˡһ߸п
Ŀ˸ɻҶٱ˵ò꣬Īİգ
˷׷ҡͷܣؾѾûգһ磬Сֻܵȴ󣡡

λ뿪˵صϣҹĸµʱ䣬ĸڣػؾԶž޲ûգֻҪؾûлصѾ̫磬Ǳ㻹ϣ
Ҷ۾һܣʡĻٿλʵĵӣλϹ׻ʴ򴩱ؾµЩͨ뿪ؾĽݾ
٤ԣ۾һ̫ʹ֮УʵλϹ׻ʶݽ֣ؾ䴩һͨͨ
Щܻͨصԭ磿һֻͨһȭӡ䴩ؾ¶صһǡ
һ˶ٺɫ̫̫·ƮѤء
һԣЩ϶סңһҲҪйеıѹһգҪĳǰǵɫҶ˵仰漴˫ۣȫתķָΪ
Ҷǵ˽ܣ֣̾
ɷϣҶϵܵȷܴѷɫôһ٤ǺЦ


463 
̫ʹУеȡ֮Ĵû˿ʣҶ˵Ϊ洦
ʮ֮󣬰·ڻָȫʢ״̬٤ΪҲָССľ٤磬ÿǰһΪѣֻдΪ
ҶҲѳ嵽ڣ̥ԪһԪ̥챥ͬһִգɢ޾ˡ
Ϊ۵ޱľأԪԪ̥֦裬Ԫ̥Ԫ̥һɹɰɱ䡣
¡
ͷһ𣬺ա
ͬһ֦Ҷï뷭裬ۣһɴ֮ɵľŲΧɣоſڴ󶦣ԼһΦһ֧һţԼʮͭˣΧƱ
Ϊʵ޷ڲأڲȻ緢γɵ󣬽ԼԪ񡢱ŶΦͭˡţͳͳݻ
ֻҪԪӱ׳󣬱̥ɾԪ񣬳Ϊף
ҲԿҶױƷ׸ߵͣƷߣܹռλšŶΦȱѷһֻΧС
УʽΦеһŴ֮ʮִ֮ͭķǾŶ
зʽױܣױƷ׶λȻȲϽ˱֤֮ڵһѹȻ顣
ʽǽ̲ؽܣڽĵһλ޿ɺǡ
ԶͥųƷӡ죬ȻûԶͥŵϾƵرڵڶλҲ֮С
ʮ̫ͭӳػеǿߵƵ֮ڵλ޲ס
ŶҶƣļҾŶɣԴӵõ֮þŶĴԽԽ٣ӾŶãſڴ󶦵ԽԽֻĩһλ
ҶǣΦƷ׾ȻţУ
ΦֻԵ͸һų򣬺ҶѰݻΪɡִɡΦ
Φٶ죬ȴڣû뵽ӦݻԪΦʽУ֡
ʽǽһ֣̲ʮ֮һĽԿļ춦ΦôУرѹһͷ
Ҷ˼⣬Ҳ֪Φֻ²ô򵥣֮Ժ󣬳λ뿪˵صӡ㽫ЩŽ״ˣǾ͵عϷ֣
٤𽫾Ž״Ƭͳͳһ״ѹ֮С
ҪСɰСô٤֣һＸʮ૵
ĬƬ̣ҶҾأЦҶ֣û㣬ֻ°ĳƷյľ磬»ҪһʱŬܴйлֱõٵҩĿǰһòţУĴֻҪ𾳣ʦȻþŽ״
֮⣬ǷݣԸĲȡ
ûҶʦ֣ûֻãļҵȺǿĽ
·Īɣɣϧ¶һۣǰȡһҶʦ־ŴξҵģЩֻȡһ㹻֮á
ǴУǿ٤֪ʶԨǰϤһ·ƿƵ·졢ĪɣɣϧλŮƤȮ
ҪҶ
ûҶֻɥй֮У·ĸԸʮøҶ
οŽ״Ҷ˵壬մ޼ıǴ˵Ҫ
Ҷʦƴǣ컹и֮롣
·΢Ц٤ͷСڹСϲ֪Ҷʦܷø죿
С椣Ҵϸоɱ⣬ɵǰɣСڹзصвëըк¶һŷȮ׶
·һɱ漴ԩ޳ôɵ㣿
Ҷ·ʦ㣬ХϾͬҶĳĺѣôܸ·ʦ¡
·΢΢һЦ˵ĪɣɣϧͶʵĿ⣬ʼӶ֪Щʲô
Ҷ̧ͷʼֻ̳̳ڿУɢĵ⣬̳ʵķŹ֮չǱڼ̳֮ϡ
ڼ̳£ʮۣӦǴż֧ĵط
̳ӦҲһı𣡡
Ҷ¥̳¥УЦڴ˽뱱ؾëҲûʣ£ֻҪʧˡλߣ
֧ɴС٤˷׷ڽ֮ϣͬ߶̫ʹһ޴Ѻзȥ
ɢذĲƿ׻Ϣ̫ѺкХѺٿ˽µĺۼ̫ͨ죬ǲдľֲ
ǻױǲ֮޷ǲдϢмֶʱ䣬ᱻ״ݻ٣
ֻнĲȱͨ⴩С

Хؾãã޼ʵǿ֮УһŷԲǧİʯǿоߣϢɹ
ҶͷȥֻؾѾʧнʮ޴󶴿ڣؾλãʵ˺ͨ
ٹ£ûգűؾԽգǰ̫磬֪˿̵̫ʲôΣҶ񲻽ȻЦ
٤ЦǱˣֻܵȵؼգ
Ц̫磬ѾԶħݻ٣ֻ׻ʶ档Ҷ֣㻹ǴΣյͷΪ
ҾأҶ֣λʦ㣬Ǿʹ˱СܻҪĴѰɷɷɷȡ޳ɴ޹
ҶĿͰƮȻȥɻ֪ص׻ĵ·ǿ֮εӦú·ɣ
˵ؾҺ¹ԶҶʦ֣Сõ˸ˡ
·ǳǳһҶҪȴ·ͻȻ࣬ǺŮӷ߳һһֳָһָ߾£ݺ٤ͷĺڹ£
٤ŭһһĳ޸ͳͳ飬ǰ㶯ɱˣ
Ҷǰ·һֵۣ·ʦ㣬Ǿʹ˱ߣ
·ӿһĨѪҡҡĪɣɣϧæסɲʦ㣬ôԼ˶֣
·ĨȥǵѪܸоֻ¶ԸҺ¹УҺ¹ֻ֣֮ȻҪĳϧûе֡
ĪɣɣʧЦ¶ԸҺ¹Уʦ㣬ôܣֻһû໰СѣңǷޣôԸҺ¹ˣҶʦֵĲ죡ҶʦôõˣЩˡ
·ĬȻÿڹһֲͷ


464 Ϭʥ
ã޼ʵǿУһھ޴ĺڹ׺ХУڹϵȼһյƣĵĵƹǰĺڰ
Ҷϥڹľ֮ϣͷһԪ̥Ϊ漴ֱԪա
Ԫ̥ͬһַԲǧ׵գȼգƵĵƹ⻹Ҫҫۡ
ࣣࣣࣣ
Ԫ̥дһը˷ӿ
ΪٶȻйҲ˳Ľ˿ҶѾƷľ硣
ʱƣΪԽԽҲԽԽԽԽȡ
մ޼ȥѰɷֻ谴Ͱɾʹ޹Ԫ׾ٵ顣
¡
һƬƷͷΣܶླ׵٣ԭٶҶ˵ѶԸ
˿ǿУû̫ļӳ֣Ҳû̫ĲֽƶҶ˵ڻ¡

̧ͷſһֻͬƣͳͳһ븹УӲתԪľ硣
һ·ϣѾ½ʮƣתԪԼΪƽĸ߶ȣľҲƷ
ΪǿʵҲһ
ڹ׺ХǰУȴǱľе٤߶׻ȥ٤ķֻ֪ããǿѰȷķλҶֻʧǿ֮С
ͻȻҶиӦ۾ֹͣԶһƬǿɨȥֻڼԶ֮أãĿռ֮УƯһޱޱȸӵĴǶ
Ƕֺֹ֮֮һߴɵĴ죬ÿһ֮ϣһǾ׶
ǶԶҶǰκһִҪӣҪ֮УһǺǳͬϸɳת
֮Уһϴ½󷨣ͬػƬϴ½Ͻ˴롣
ǳ֮ԶԶϴǿͶ½֮УŨˮһγɵĹʮϸ֮ǿѹùܱߵռŤ
ǡǹпٵĵ
Ҷв̾ǹħ֮һųǣԶħɣһȪħҲԶԶѹֵ꺺սķԶԶǹһֹۣ⣡ǹ󣬿¶ǽǸյĽ൱׻˭ܴ룿
ܽǹǶͼ뵽ҵУҵıʮ㣡
ҶвͷҲѣʵֻ»δǶ󣬱ᱻ촷ۡ
ڹԶԶܿǹ׻ȥ
ǹΪħһʥأ׻粢ԶҶܿ쿴һƬƬƳһޱȹ½غ֮ϣ䣬ͬ𲨣ɷ׳ۡ
ڻˡ
Ҷһ󼤵ЦһӺڹվ˫֣Ԧڹ׻ȥ
׻ĸ߿գɷͬϯһУƱԪ֮Ҫǿ࣬γһ߿սأʿ
ɷɷۺһγɵķȵһɷҪֲȴϴԪԪ̥Σޱȣ񾳵ĴףҲ㵽ֽ֮С
˵ؾ֮ߣûпɷ״ɢԪ
ʧ򣬼ǴҲᱻЩۻɷ÷ǣ
ҶΪѾɷŲȺڹףԴɷ֮дոԶԶɷƿ
ȴڴʱͻȻɷдһϤѣƣúѿ
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ʥЦȸҲҪɷԪ̥Ԫνĵرе߾֮죬ɷ֮øҲǲԣôӦңҿѵ檣
ҶԦڹףѭȥûãȸѵ˽֮ء
һɷɷŨȻһɷ
ɷһɨգ¶ԲʮĿռ䣬ͬһɷԲ
ʥΪȻûֶΣ
ҶһݣĿɨȥֻʥĶȸͰٻţͷΪִɷ
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лһˣļΪ׳룬ͷȴһǣ˫ֱǰЦ
ʥ٩٩̸΢Цȸͬ壬Լ㻹֪ͷҶٱѾʥصǿߣѹڱؾ֮У겻ܼգŮԪʼʵĵӣҶٱʲô㣿
Ҷٱѹˣٻһʧ

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ϬʥԵ棿ȸɫ΢䣬
Ҷ籦ɽϾȹһΣд˿ȸҶİΣʮġ
СȸҰϬʥǺεȵݣƭ㣿
ͷнǵĴ󺺣ʥеİϬʥЦҶҶٱϡɣֶһˣˣҺСӱѹҵУҶȻüΪѿ
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ѰȻȸ㿼ǵôҵС檣ھ
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ͬʱѹЦ⣬ӭϡԭ⣬ҶǿжߣʱѾãٴ⣬ȻǰԸȸȴڻ¡
ֻ裬ڿһţֻʣ໥ײֳһĨĨѤĹʡ
Ϭʥȸ֮棬ϱһʱѤĿۼ˵ǲǣ
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Ҷ񱳸˫̧֣ͷʥȸ֮սĵֻˣѵѾȥˡ
ջĿ⣬Ϭʥ΢Цղ˵ұѹ꣬˵лúѿϬʥ㻹֪˭
ҶҶٱôܴӱؾӳ
Ϭʥд󾪣漴ɫָ糣ƽڽЦҲãЩ϶ѹס㣬Զ֡
δ䣬ҶѾǰˣԺֳһ½֣аħа

Ҷ䣬̫ӡһӡ£ͬһѿ޸͵һϬʥͷļӲϣ漴һʽӡݺݺְϬʥؿڣعǶѣѪǻȫȥ
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465 һд
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Сӣ͵ϮңԪʼʥڵķңҴˡϬʥŭ֣Ȼֳһͷ޴İϬԪ񣬷ŭ
һɽ飡
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Ҷ۾һӰһһϬʥǰ̫ӡ¡
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ϬʥҡΣͻȻڽͣһͷɽİϬȻӸ߿׹ȥ
ԪɱϸնȻɢֻʣһǣԭΡ


466 
ҶΪѾڣȫ֣һɱϬʥǿߣֱ׾١
ڽǰʵԭʥ޼УҶʵȻڿ֮ϣ棬ѾһУ͵ĸ֮һ
οؾһʵ̫ӳϬʥȻԶԶĶ֡
ҶʥλĪʥϬʥ޼һ
ֻʥǿߣ棬˵һƻҶƥУ֣һ
Ҷٱɱĸ磬Ԫʼڣ㲻죬ҶȻ֮ͷΪĸ籨𣡡
ʥϬʥҶһնɱԪ񣬲ɸεѣ˵̻һͷʿȸٶȼ졣
֣һ֮
Ҷһĳֻ֮зɳϸС㶦ϣһͷͷϹޣǧͷ໥ƣһֻԲĶĴ֣Хʥ׷ȥ
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׹ˣҵĲֻ࣬ԽԽ󣬾ǧ꣬Ҳ׷ңΪһ򾫽ʮֺαضһ٣
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ҶȻһģľƺǵǸɬ꣬ȴҪӡ
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ͻȻӦڵһõéǰͣ½Ų΢ЦҶʦܣʥڵĹء
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ʦܣʥڵܼ࣬˽ģ
Ӧڵ΢΢һЦƿţʱһɹİħӲзӵҶƺ죬׹һ㣬ָȻħʧأ
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Ҷ񳤳˿̧Уĵ㵽ûձ


467 ħʦ

ޱ޼ʵİħҶߴЩħпЦźкУиָҲ֮
ЩĶУħϸһͷͷϡŹֵħЩħеͷۣееβҲпŮ׷Ԫȥ꣬ۻԪռ
⴦ؾǵʮ˲ĲƬʿħ־ᣬܿᱻۻԪ񣬱ħͷռɥʧһͷֻ֪ɱ¾ûʶħͷ
Ҷϸ֮УԪ֦趯һͷͷħħӿǵأ񣬲ħͳͳ֦Ľɱ֮¡
˵زħҶ񻹸оİħʿ𺦼ֻ񾳴ܿᱻʴ
˾תԪʮľմ޼ʹ˴޹ľ磬ԶԶ񾳴׵ﵽླ۷Ĵܴﵽ߶ȣİħʴ˿ϡ
ӦڵǰȥͷҲأƺǷܼ񣬶ȹħһٺģЦʦܣ壬Ƭؾ
ҶֻƬؾһɹɺƵ׻Ϣв֣ѵһȪʥڵУҲ׻ʣ
ӦڵɳǧƬؾģ˿ҶѾǿѹ޷Уֻڵϲǰ
ӦڵҲڵϣС
һɹ׻ʶصѹϮѹҶ죬漴һƴӦڵɢӴѹ
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ԽӽԴԽԽϸ˺ӿĵطȴһ޴ɽ裬֮ϣһݸ߹ŵϥ΢Ц
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Ӧڵ΢Цʦܣ裬Ҳڴ˵ء
ҶۿȥֻƯһ޴裬Ȫħϥ֮ϣòׯϡ
ͷӿƣеݻһƬħȣȴħ챦еһ޴ͥ磬ħӣȴħͥ澭еͷһѮħģ΢Ц̳
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Умλ׻ʼƸأݻһ硣
ҶĿǣһλ֮ϣɢһɹɺԨ׻ϢҪԵһĵλ
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磬ֻأһչ֣׳ͬʵħ硣
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ǹϳɫ˵ԪʼڵʵҪҶħӦڵӦħһлˣֱڣʻǱŲڰˡӦڵħͷ˾Ƿֵܣ֪ΪӦħҪʣ
ҶҡͷЦȴ֪
ԣ㻹Ҫ
ЦӦڵı㣬ֱҶٱħͷӱؾش󣬱ؾѾرգҶٱȴԴζʲôζţȪħ֪ؾͨؾǻȪħڵĺ԰ؾ˻Ȫħڵһؾܲۺ죿Ҷٱӵʱţۺ죬ʥͬۺ죡ҪȪħڽҶٱֻϵѰʵҪźͱؾ
ǹϵɫϿԣʹɫʾҪ˵
ҶŴαʥͨѾΪʶʿԲǹϵͼҶĻ񣬲ϧǣȴ
޶ãЦӦڵʿһʣʥأһʣʥػԴԴǰҪȪħڽҶٱ˵ԪʼħԪʼʥڣļҡ̫ϵڡǹСʥء߸µȵʥɳĸ֣ڱؾҶħһɱɾ
Ҷ񲻽¶˼ɫҲ֣Ϊڱؾɱ䣬֮ûħʥصǿѰĻԭӦڵӦʦһˣΪζԹ
˶٣ЩʥԭҶٱǰƹƻȪħڽҶٱӦڵһл˻ڵʣЩʥصʥľսҷӦڵħͷǵǿ˻ʣԴӵλȪħڵ֮Ѿûг֣˴γ֣һѹʣʵ
Ҷ³һֻһůӿѣӦʦֶȷʵҿôĶԹȴңĴмʥΪһȪħڶռؾȴǲ´ˡ
Ҷ֪νؾҲܽؾռΪС
ؾһΣԶžؾӻ̫꼻ؾ֣ʱܹ̽ؾ
꼻㣬ԶžسѨؾûգȴδص̫硣ĸ֮󣬱ؾӼΪҹԶž޲Ż뿪ԭص̫硣
Ҳ˵ҶյͨûȪħɽؾ֮ãȫؾռΪС
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Ȼ´һ㣬ҶȻĿ࿴ķˣ֮Բ´ΪԱؾϤ
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˵Ҷȴһ㣬˴Ķԯȱսļҿ϶ɸǰ
̽ѰŶĸһأҪЩļһǿϡ
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Ȼδԯȱǿ꣬һ۱϶˱Ȼԯȱ
ȱӣȱ
ԯȱƺоĿ⣬΢΢ң̧ͷĿԽǧʿֱҶϡ
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472 
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Ҷһۿԯȱ֪ԯһӶ޷׷õܡ
ԯȱ̫ɫˣȻĿǰȻ񾳻ڣʵȴɲ⣬ֻԽսླڵǿߣ
ԯԯȱĲ࣬ͺĲֻ࣬ԽԽ󣬴ԯľء
Ҷ³һ˿Ҳţȫ֮У鿴Ϊʵ
ԯȱʱĿ̺ԯȱĸӦ
ԯȱѵ״̬ͬһƽ羵ĺˮҶĿɨ൱ںͶһʯӣҡ
ܴǧУֱѰҶλãͬҲ˵ʵĪ⡣
λ̨βϹ̨ȱһԯȱЦֻһһŴӹ̨һ̵ֱҶ¡
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ҶҲ޷ë
һȱӣԶŴ˵е˴ӹϵʷ߳ûһ˿覴á
֮Ҷ̾ϯض
ԯȱ΢΢ǷζĿһۣЦȱǰǹսʿˣܱȵϸ޼
ҶһݣЦϺְֳ󣬾Ȼȱ˵ȥЦ
ԯȱɫԷƱղȱǧпȥΨ㡣ȱеӢ۲ſҲ٣ܹȵ㣬ȴ֮١Ȼְ֣վȺȴͬһͷԶޣĿ£ƺ۾ʱʯ쾪˲սȱľ
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ҶȻԯȱĶһսһɫҲֻ֮࣬»ׯֲǿ֣߳
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ǹϵһ亹апࣺˣĴͣҪһˣҶħˣɱ˲Ѫ


473 һȷ
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ļҺڴ׹ЦЦӣļô㣿ֻҪУвұһ


474 һȭ
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ңҶԼоԯҲиֵЩԯҵĸûļ裬֮УעӣԯȱԿ
ʵļҳֵĸ֣ΪģҲһླߣӦûļҸǿϹУػĶⷢ⡣
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ҶЦһɱȶλǰܽһвұļҿͷ

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Ҷ񵭵һȭܴ㡣
ЦһУϷֻһУһбܽһѣ
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󶦺Ȼ𶯣һֱ̨ÿһƶ̲мļˣ˵ͳͳڴ󶦵ѹ֮ڡ
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Ӱɫ̫ÿԪӥʥŭһǰЦ˱վһ
׼֣ȴһλŨüɫ۵׳£ЦԪӥҪ嶯ļԯǽǡڷϬʦûɱΪֻԸԯȱĶһս֮ٻԵҪҶٱҲҪ
ƼΪǿֳһͷǣѹأԶλʥȻʥ֮ףʥ
ΪʵѹȺۣʥصһǿ߻Ҫǿᣬʥ鴫
Ҷٱڳԣ˵ʥֻдʦĶ֣֪˴Ҷٱûҵ뿴ֶΣʥһëЦ
̶Ƭ̣ǣ׷ڹ̨ϡ
ڵɽҲˣŵͿãڵľͷʥ׵ڡԪʼħڡڶиǰ
һʢ£дκҲǿ߸û뵽ȱĶһսȻôֳ֣
쿴ǱǻȪħڵǿߵˣȪħһϵͽءԪͺǿͳͳˣ
֪ȪħڵʢҶٱħͷûг֣Ⱥۣ۷ͷ˭ܱȵ
Ҷٱﻹҳռʱ⣬ڱؾɱôʥصǿߣֻҪһָ֣𾳵Ϲﶼ֣˵ʥİ
ʥĿ¶⣬صԪɨȥսܣȴûзҶӰһҶٱ޵󱲣ɸĳһս
ҶٱһֱֻѵʥЦ
ɱҶٱֲʥ
ɽЦɷҶٱŴɱʿǰؾļλǰͳͳùƺʬ޴棡ֻҪҳ֣ĳһȡ
ׯĳҲʶʶλҶٱʲô͡ׯŵ
ЦһҶٱһ֮ԸϬʥ֮ͽˣԸЩĸ֣ȴԵЩ㡣
Ҷ۽Ǽô˵ƣҲ̲ס󶯸λ𣬺޲̳֣ЩһͳͳУ


475 ֶԾ
ԯȱĿҶ˼Ҷأʵǿᣬһȭļҵĳߣָ֣Ǽ֮Ҷ٣ֻ֪һˡ
ׯšɽĿζͬҲҶһ˿֮ģӵǿʵָҶݺ֮
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ׯĳҲ֪Ҷʦкˣĸʥ֣ׯĿ棬ҶϣĴ󳪣һ߹һ
ڽڽڸǣֻҪҶı¶в֮ɫ̳֡
˵ҶҶٱĶ˸Ц
Ҷһȭ񾳺ڵǿߣĺ䶯ʵھ޴ླǿ֣߳һдڵǿߵˡ
ؼǣҶҶؼ˿ͻȻǰ𣬲ܲ˵Ļɣ²ǳѾõҶ֮Լݡ
ңҶһȭʹõĽһ򵥲׷ȭӡױûжã޷ȳʵ
ܲ˵ľ衣
ҶȻݰ¶ֻв֪ٸֻ֣𾳵ϹﶼᰴͲס
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λҶֵʵȷǿᣬҶٱλҪʧˣҶٱ˿ѾҶʦ𷣣˼һ꣬ǰ˼ڸġ
Ԫһ˵ĿԼϣ΢Ц򣬸ֲλ֣ĳԴףֽУ
ҶٱڻȪħ˼
ׯŵ˷׷״ҶջĿ⣬ղǻɡҶءҶ񣬴˿̷׷״еǡ
ҶֵʵȷʵˣȻһȭļҵǿߣʵУ
ɽĿҶЦŲֻܻ֮ãҶ֣Ī֮壿
ҶֳΪǾŲڳһҲ޷ʶ;Ų
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ѵ̫ϵڵĵӣ̫ϵɽ¶ˮɲ⣬еĵȻ࣬ÿ߳һλӣΪԶˣһʱ
ҲпԪʼʥڵǿߣԪʼʥڵƳ㹻ĲܹĽܳ˲šһ򱬣òԩ
ҶܹовʮɱԼЩɱļҵˣʥص֡
չֳʵѾԺܶвԯȱϣҲоһ޵ɱ⣬ԯȱεúܺã޷졣
ĶͻȻҶȥսܣһһϣûܹļңĸʥأļңɣ

Ƴɢͷ裬γһڿڸߴĴ󶦣½ɽҶѹȥ
ҶԶĶ֮ǿӦ̲סԼƳ׷ſ
ĶʵȻôǿᣬʹȫĻֻҲ޶ʤ㣡
Ҷ񳤳˿ѹĵ궯糹׷ſԼƣƱػᱻϳĿ˵Χ
ͷۣҲһ˲䱻Щ˺ĿֻΪƾŶЩƴһ
ȴڴʱԯȱͻȻ֣սΪ˶֣ȻѾ׼ˣ֮ľս㿪ʼգ
䣡
ƶȻɢγһʮƣ޴Դǰ̽Ŀպϣƺڳ˯֮С
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ۼīݣԯȱͬ߳ױȵ𺳡
ķɣܼ
֮ǿҶֻླǿϼ˵ԯȱʵֻѾﵽһֳ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȣԽսླǿ棡
һǰԯȱһնϠʥ֮ͷʥȣʥɣʵоĪ⡣
ʥо䣬סеԯȱ³һλʥԯȱ˱ᣡ
Ԫӥʥɫ䣬ʥһʶԼԯȱĶ֣´ԯȱᲢۡ
ԯңڳһλţ֪ܷҵˡһλ૵
ԯȱˮһɽȥĶںɽе㣡
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ĶһݺݿҶһۣ漴ԾŶݴ߶ǧɽͼϱԯȱǿᣬɽ
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˷׷ɽȥɫһս
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Ҷ񲢼УĶڰǰʹĹʵĴУҴӹĹеõƵһرҹƣʵֻ±ȴǰӿֲһУΪֵģʵ޼һΣȱֻ˾С
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ҶͷǣҵĵǺԯȱΪμļ̳ˣûмر˵ȥ
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ĶǧɽͼչֻǧΡȺɽӸ߿պȻѹ£ɽͻȻһɽ
ȷǧɽͼԯȱͼ֮С

ǧɽͼеͭȻ죬ֻͼеǧɽˮ׷飬ޣ
ǧɽͼͼеĵͬǧɽˮͳͳ飬ͼֻһͼԸԭ
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ͻȻһѩ׽ͬ磬ǧɽͼֱָĶüģ
ԯȱͼͻͣɨһУĶͷͻȻ־ſڴ󶦣϶Ϊһһϼ⣬ס
ԯȱпһϼ⣬ߣֹǰߡ
ԯ
ԯȱȣͻȻٻԯӰԼеĽݣ͵һпϼ⣬Ķüģ
䣡
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ԯȱٻŶӰ뵽ҵĶУƲҵķ죬ذɣ
ĶЦͷ󶦺Ȼ𶯣ԯȱĽ÷׷飬ѹֱԯȱȥѹһƬƬ
ҶĿס˵Ӱǵλɫһս˵кܴϡ
ҲˣĿתԯȱĶĦԼӦӦ
ˣ
Ҷ΢ԪԶһֻֻ޴۾Ư˷Щ׷γɵ۾ԯȱĶ˵һһʽսеÿһ˿۾
ͻȻһڴϢײһҶ붦У


476 ͳͳ
СӣŴļң˵ɱļһˣҵҪʲôֶӳҵģ
󶦣Ҷ붦еģͬĶһǵλļླǿĹֻ꣬һУڴ󶦺Хȥͷ
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ڴǾŶеĻ𶦣ĹѾླڵǿߣľŶֻ֮ĶԪ֮ڴͳͳƳ֮
ڻǿһڣĹͷԴԴϳ붦УŴټླڵʵ˵һ񾳴ףǷڵĴףҲܻ
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ǹϵͭȸ˼æֵεǿߣͭȸǡ
ׯšɽҲע⵽һУȴûвָԤЦҶָļǰļҵļôᰴ͵ס
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ͼݺɽɭָ֣ϹޣлΡ׵ɣĳǳءҡգ
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Ҷѹһ𣬶ʱ׾Ŷĸΰء
ƾŶŴͳͳ붦Уÿһڴ̺һݣҲ˵ÿһڴ󶦽̲һ֮ɽӡݵе׵ɡϹޣͳͳɶе
ǾŶԴȪһ֪֮кεȾ޴ʵһĽԻأԷܿ⣡
ĹΪླڵǿߣʵȻǿᣬΪƣԼƵľŶûļҾŶŴ붦С
ֻǽԼĴ󶦣ļҾŶĹ죬Ƶ쾡£ƾŶ֮ɽӵ
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Ҷһһڻ𶦳ԽԽ󣬼ĹĻ
ڴ󶦸ոճ֣ʱ̳ͬ㼳ȡ޾ĵֻƯĹеĴͻȻһƬƬ߽⣬ӿĶУ
ҶľŶķѵĲ֮࣬ȫԶ߼֮ƷԶԶĹľŶͬЧĴײĹɾҶ󶦵̲Ʒ
գۼ䣬Ĺ𶦵㼱СԽԽ֮ҶĻ˴롣
ֻĻڱһɽѸʧҶĻ֮Уһ½ȴڻΣ󶦵ԽԽǿ
Ĺǰǿڻ𶦵ƷѸ½ƴ߶𶦣ڴ󶦻ڼ֮ƷףΪԪ֮лΪ֮ƣ
꣡
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Ĺ־ŭϥ£ŭһСӣȻŪƵĻ𶦣ҲȲ㣡
Ŷһ

һڿڴ󶦷ɳײ𶦣ݣŶһоŴݺȻ֣ҶѹȥҪ飬࣡
ͬʱȻֳһ޴ķ࣬ΩΩФȴ
һˣüһͷԺѵԪ嫵һ֣ձ㱻ȵѹһŤ

ſڴ𣬿һִ׵ľ֮УŶݵܴ߷
һ֮ǿ׺ɱһͬླڵǿߣֻڴԽԽ󣬼ͣ𶯣һƬƬ̮ƾ
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ԲһֻĹǰƯһڴ󶦡
Ĺ궯ŭˣ
һֱڹעһУ״һ૵ླǿһŭҰǧس٣Ҷˡ
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ׯĿͳ֪ĹľŶѾ֮Ŷһ֮ǿ֮ͨҲ顣
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Ĺ걬ֻķͻȻ̧Ųһ붦С
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ʥ״ɫ䣬عλʥҶزҲҪ˱ᣬҪ棡
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ҶܹƵĹ겻òʹеĵλɿԯȱĶľУ
ڴ֮УҶľŶѾ𣬽ĹľŶ֮ķ֣ľŶڣһƬƬ½ɽڽΣԽԽǿԽԽٶԽԽ졣
ңҶܹоԼľŶȱĹľŶ֮һգҲȫŶһ
Сӣ
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УĹķ붦УһصľһȭҶȥȭͷ֮󣬳Բռ䣬Ҷ޿ɱ޿ɶ㣡

Ҷǵû˿壬־ϲЦĹķӭȥһȭЦãͷľŶͳͳҪУķ࣬ҲҪҵľŶ̲Ʒ
һһ
ҶЦһ֮ͭУ߶ʮɷȭͷöпռһƬӲĹķ


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ҶȭͷĹ귨ľȭʱռ䲻϶һƬƬռ𣬱˵ȭ˺Ѵݻ١
Ҷһ뷨ڵľͷ֣ླڣԪΪ۳ɷӴԪΪüĵһ㣬׵ķ򹹽Ӵأ
һ֮£ɽϺΰƥǷھͷǿֶΡ
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˵ľཻҶֻһޱӴ󾫴Լ֮УѨеĶʮͭ˳嵴ݣ⡣
һּ˵̺Ŷ֮ѹɽˮףڳ嵴ȥѹԪ飡
ѹ
Ҷ񱬺һŲ㱦ɳͷһϼ⣬ӿһ궯Ķʮͭͳͳѹ߶ɷĹ꿹⣡
ͬʱľſڴ󶦻ԴԴϳȡĹľŶ֮ٶԽԽ죬ĹŶݵԽԽС
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ĴӿԪ̥֮УĴԪʹԪ̥׳Ԫ̥֮УԪڲϳȡԪ׳
ΪĹ귨ѹ£ͽٶȱ»Ҫ첻֪ٱ
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Ҷбȣ³Ÿֻ֣죬ľŶں϶Ϊһһھ޶дޱȸҰԵĹķ붦С
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ҶٱϷǷڵǿߣ߳ʮС磬ңĹѱݡ
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Ҷһһ𣬶ʮͭ˴ڷɳ׷붦УΧĹķһȦ߶ɱȥ
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ⲻ֪վģĹꡣ
ԯȱĶսȴ춯أΪ
ԯȱĶ񣬸׷ױٻӰļҾŶԯӦָϳԯֽӰжʵ˴۽磬ԶҶĹսӾ
ǶȻֻ񾳻ڵΪʵȴΪڣһЩླڵǿٻӰͬҳ㷹þ񾳴׺ղѡ
ĶǰͻȻֳһ諣ֻа̣߳ȴɢޱȿֲϢ
諵֮У׹һ֣̽ԲǧԪͳͳǣ糱ӿ֮С
ֻɽ֮Уһݷɽе׷ױɽ׷ӿ֮ڣ

д֮ϣֳһͷ£׹ͬԶ߳ľޣޱȰԵɢϢԯȱٻԯҡָϳӦӰͳͳѹ飬ѹս˵ױüױ޷𣬱Ƶǲòˣ
ԯȱʼı֮ҽĹõʵĴУһУû˻ҵĶ֣ûֶΣؽ
Ķ諼֮ɢӿֲļ¶ֻͷ׹İѹգԯȱҧȥ
ױ֮ǿ˵󣬾Ķû諵׼ɢȴȻԽླڵľͷУ
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ԯȱХһƮƮͻȻһ˴죬ֻһսţͷĿ֣ͷǣֳֵ꣬һɳİ
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٣ԯһʮ죬ϵͼԴ˼С
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ԯҵıǰѾʧ˵Ǳһλԯҵļȥһ֮أУλսͬһʧ
Ѿ겻¶棬û뵽ԯȱȻܹѰѵСʲôҲȱλļ𾳵Ϲ૵
ʥ¶֮ɫ칲һʮ棬֪ԯȱü棿
˵Ҳ˼֮Уһ˻֮ǿ仹ױԿƣԯȱѰʮ죬ǾǽͬȼĽ׻ʣ˿ɵ
ԯȱеȻ˹Ӵ߳޴Ӱأͬеɱ춯أһӹ¶ף

ͷ׵İͻȻСֱذߴС諣ɻĶߣܴ
Ȼǲ֮ױֻƣķרսıɱ֮ȣ諲Ʒϴ磬ϸʮǧ
ԯȱ𶯴죬Ķɱȥǿƥһ֣ԯȱ˵ͬȾ޵У
ѹգأ޾ɱ֮Ķѹȥ
ȱӣסְɣˡλļ𾳵ϹͻȻ
ĶɫȻæӳгˣԯȱ΢΢һЦû׷
֪˿׷ɱĶҲн˿ļҵĸ߲㣬¶ڹעսĶΣգŶ±ƿս١
֣ˡ
ԯȱЦݣȲЦȱױʤ㣬ʤ֮䡣
Ķһȥգۼǧ֮ң
꣬㻹׷ȥ
λļϹĹ꿴ֻɶڴǰԼĻţɫãԶĶ׷ȥ䵥͵Ϯ
˴ǹս˼࣬߻ӣвʵǿľͷڳֻ֮С
ЩĻϲ⣬ܲСĽ
ȴڴʱĹǰĴͻȻķѣĹը÷飡
λļҵϹＱæͣ½ŲͷֻҶһϮ̳ʩʩȻ߳һڴ󶦣д޾ĹѵľŶƬͳͳɣԼ󶦵̲Ʒ
Ҷٱ˿ҶĿʱֱˣ૵

֪ͬʱȡһŻ񣬷Ҷ
ԭҶٱôĵӣʥŭЦһƶȻɢնʱֳγɵ󣬳һͷӰ
ԪĿɭȻ۽ǳ鶯ݣŭǰ˵ҶӦڵͷ˼Ҷö˶˵ĳǰжˡ

ׯĴƽڽɮ˴˿ҲɱҶҶ֣㻹˶ã
Ҷпһ£æЦһĹսһɱʹ죬ԻָԭòĹ붦Уȴ˸ıԼò
ʧ֣ʧ㣬ֹڴҽ֣Ҳʧһ졭
Ҷ񻷹һܣֻĿԵУ֪˶Լɱ⣬Цһ
λôҶЦ


478 ǰδеΣ
ɽϿգܲղŻգգɫ谵ǲ֪ٴ׶ŭ𣬸ıӵǣѹǣƺܽϹĹϳǳһݻ٣
ҶһˣվںɽϿգ¿ȥֻڳ׵ǿһִľգԪڰг۳ңΪʥׯŵˣֳǵأ
ԭҶٱ˵˵֡
Ҷٱͬһħ˲䣬ɴ۾סҶ
ԯȱĶһս˲֪ٹҡʥصĽܳӵǰвޣļҵǿҲڰйעս˿˽ĿҶϣһâڱĸо
λļ𾳵Ϲɫƺܵγˮ
Ҷʱ㵱˵棬һ⽫һļȷɣһнһ˻У˿ֵɵļĹꡣ
λϹԭΪҶΪȻͱĹ£ȴû뵽ĹҲУ
ûĹԵʣļҲҶڱصã
ʽСζҪȡýȰ棡ֻн˼ңҴĻʳָܻյٹ⣬ʥءҡг͢ͳͳڽ£
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ƳնȻѿļҳھ޴ĿռѺ֮УһޱӴĴ󶦴мһǣֻпռ½Ư
ļҾŶ֮е춦
¡¡
ڴײգļҿԽڴǾŶеĵضֱλ𾳵Ϲͷʮλླ׹ͬ߶
ļǿ߶ڹעĶԯȱһսĺڴ󶦴߶գֱӽٵɽϿա
ļҶҶڱصãֱӶþŶеҶɱڴˣý֦
ڴȻǽҲ˻֮伸ûʲôױڴ󶦿⣡
ڴ󶦴мԽԽһɹɳصѹɢѹ·Ⱥɽ¡¡
ļҾȻٻ󶦵٣Ϊ˶ԸһҶٱֵô
ļҾȻôıǮһ˻֮ļһֱʣ
˴ľɵɵĿڴ󶦴жļҾŶһͳ£Դ˾ŶѹɽˮףʥءɡͳͳѹòļңΪļҵĳӡ
˺ʮ֮УЩʥֻھŶѹ¹Ӳдʺճֻ´Ļʳ
ļҳȻǷƷҲԿļҶҶӳ̶ȣ
⣬ļҵҵΪҲѹˣһͻȻҽУӸ߿ˤ䣬ʿǿûбˤҲָͷ
飡
һһʿѹΪеȥ
󶦵ԽԽѹ죬֪˱ѹΪ񾳴Ҳᱻڴ󶦿ƣӸ߿յȥ
мλеླǿߣ˿ҲƵĴм˳ļ¶ɲɫ
ļ٣ɽǧնŶ̶֮ͨླĴף޷֮С
ձޱȼ̣ļҼӹƬռ䣬ΪıǵҶߡ
ڳ֮Уֻʮ˻ֿܵ˻֮ѹ
ԯȱƮƮֳӦӰΧһܣм䡣
ɽֳһص֮дصо֮㣬֮࡭
ȻҲһ˲ױܲ졢諵ȱҲһ֮
ɽΪܳͺߣڵ˽֮ܵϣûر
ʥһɫգưԵףȻƾһ֮ûʹκױѹ
˵ȣµׯţŵͿãڵľͷʥȪħڵԪصȵʥصɫӵܣҲиֱֶλסûбڴѹ
ԵĲǣҶɢϵĲǧ֮һ
󶦾󲿷ֵѹֱҶȥѹգ󶦽ƾƣܽĹླǿ
ˣ
ҶʽӴѹδߣ㱻ȱƿ
ʽǲȱƷ׻ļ춦֮ϣڱؾйУҶ٤֣Դ˽ʥظ֣ļ춦
ˡ
ҶϵЦȥļûг״г֣ƱȻѹ죬󶦳û˿
ʱߣʱ

ȻһΦҶŲΦ﷫ȥٶȼ죬һαǰļ̫ȫмҪʱ䡣ֻҪʱѣǱǺƾԾˣ
Ҷٱɱʦܣʥ컹ߵôļҲ֣ҲҪڴ˵أ
ͻȻһЦҶ̧ͷȥֻʥ죬˫һ񣬱׷Φ
ٶ¾ףΦٶ֮ϣ̽Ҷݺȥ
䣡
ԲǧĿռ䶼Ѿļӹ̣ռʥһ£Ȼܽĵͬư𶯲ݣɼʵ֮ǿ
֮УֻԵ׵ǿߣܳʥΪףֻܳΪʥʥԪʼУΨһһλôʥƺŵĵӣ
ҶһһһȽȽӭʥƣ˵Ȼཻÿռ䶶øӾҡ
ʥޱȣҶӡӰԵ̲һ磡
ʥƺһαҶбΰˣ漴ٴϣסҶ񲻷š
Ҷٱ
ʽ󿪴ϣи֮ΰƥһ֮£֮ǿҶӡ
Ϲޱ֮ķͬȾʿİٱֹɱ֮ٶ˫ԪۺͬҲԶͬ٭ҶԪĻ̶ϣʥҲԶԶ硣
ҶҲʥƵαˣʥΪ֮ʵ֮ǿеĻҪߣ
ڿѸٽ̶֣Ƭ̣໥˰С
ʥΪѲȥ磬һ漴ƮȻԶߣٴϡ

ҶнȻһڿڴ󶦷𣬾Ŷһʥ䡣
䣡
дޱȿֲĥһУ·һĴɽҲ붦У˲㱻
ҶŶɣ϶ΪһĹľŶݻҪֲ֪٣
󶦺Хʥײȥһ·һƬƬɽ޶ĥ𣬿ֲޱȣЩļѹòص֣Ҳв˱ھ޶룬


479 ɱһ
ɽ
ʥһһȭһȭأȻһɽɽ䣬ҶľŶһݺȥ
ޱǿ֮սʵǿ˶ҶľŶ˿塣
꣡
ʥŭһɫ䣬ɽոҶĴ󶦣ɽͶ飬ָѵøɸɾսæߣȥ
Ҷٻش󶦣ͷͬʱҲڴһһͷֻأȥס
ɱ䣬ǿŭԦΦɽȥʥʵʵǿʱ䣬ΣӼ֡
Ҷ֣αߵ˴æ
ׯŲâЬӿٶȴ˿·һһö
ׯĳҶһ̣
ׯ΢ЦһָҶüĵȥ
ţ
Ĵдһķţָֻֻ̽׷Ҷȥ
ׯţҲң
Ҷͣ½Ųдŭ̫ӡ磬һ£ٵأǰׯȥ
ָ׷ױ飬꣬µҶһۣ
ׯűׯϣţһָ̫ӡ֮ϣĴׯŵָѪڽҶһʽӡ£
ׯȻҶʵ֮ǿԤ֮ϣȻһ֮±ƿ
ׯ֣㣡
ԪҶ֮·ȻһȪӣȰׯżйҶ
ҶٱΪһȪʥڴٻˣұҪףڴ˵أļɱʦŰ࣡ȻҶŭ⡣
ԪǻȪħڵľŽ֮һȪħ䣬ѾСгɾ͡
Ҷа꣬ļ״ûκѵĻᣬǷ
ׯԪÿһӹ֣һһȻ壬һԶҶҲб֮Ǵʱȴûôʱ˲
ʦܣҶʦô˵Ҳʦ壬˵⻰Ϊ
شһֻӲӵԪıȪħ䣡
Ҷ񲻽˿ͻȻһعݺȥȴɽ֣ȥ
һƿҶ뱦ƿ֮
һ˲䣬ʮλʥҵǿߣΧҶ񣬴㽫ڴ˵أ
Щˣһӹ֣Ǹʥҵź֮Զļѹÿһλѷླڵǿߡ
ǻرӵмǿʵÿһ˶Ϊ֡
Ҷ˵Χһ˲䰤ػӵѹҲܵƣѪ
ŭ˼㣬ЩЩʦŶԹЩ̰ͼϵױʱ⣬Щԩ޳޷Ǽʶʵ˴ļ֣֮ǿУ
Щˣ뽫£ֻԯȱѩվڿУûж
˭ңɱ˭Ҷ˿еɱŭȣһȭͷıƿɣ
䣡
عײɶء
ʱܴļҳɣҶ񱻱ƵĲòһ
ҶƳ׷ſһȽȽ𣬴չ
֮УһͦдС
ˣ
Ժ󹦵½ĵΧƴֻת˿̵ҶͬԶŵٵ䡣

һ˰бƿ˼֮ʣסǰ飬ݣҶٱû뵽Ȼһֱߣ֪㣬ˣܻʱ˿̣
ҶһȭȭƺƵ̲ضʮɷĺΰɭȻھ
ȭȻ޷գ磬ʮͭ˵עȭͷ˿
һȭ˾ŶȻһ
İ˰Ȼ磬ҶĺƵȭ磬ķѣ
ɫ䣬æƿЦҶٱΪұûл֮໨ƿ֮
δ䣬ƿصһ飬Ҳ޷ֿҶһȭ򱬣

һʮ¥ӰѹҶͷ¥ӰΪ̣ʵʣȴŵͿóɱû֣ٻ¥ӰѹҶ
¥Ӱѹ£ӰˣѹҶͷĴķѣ޷Ŷһ¥ڣ
Ϳõʵ˿ѷڵԪǿߣٻŵĽӰǿ
Ϳãѹң
ҶȻת˫סѹµ¥˫ĿŭͿãɭȻҲѹһΣŶһޱ
Ҷס¥ŶһͬʱͿѹȥرҶ֮ĸ߶ȣ֮ͨҪǿ᲻֪٣Ҳܱʥ
䣡
ɽûعݺҶϣҶӲסιͦ
ʹѹȥѹͿͷױȵѹ£Ϳ÷ŭ˫죬һס󶦣һסЦҶٱŵľתԪҸǽľڣԪݣƾҲѹң
뱦ȻһͿܼıһ̲࣬ԪҲӲ飡
Ϳһ¥ɢȥҶѹһᣬչ֣еץȥѻǴ󷨣
һֳͿõĻǣļ䡣
ҶӲʮǿߵΧɱ֣ݣͬħ٣˵ȼ״ս
ղʮҶϣ֮ȴҶӲ££ܷɱˣֶԼ޷쵽
˭赲ңҶһܣĬĬԡ
ҶΦҪ뿪ͻȻ󳪣ׯŲâЬǰĴ
ҶһԽԽʮλֺ֣ɱֻɱˣ磬ʵѾ͸֧ôֵĹϣ;תԪľʮҲⲻס
˿Ѿشֻѡ
Ҷ֣ׯĳ˵Ҫһ̡ׯվڴǰĿ棬סҶ񲻷ɣ΢Ц
Ȼ
ҶЦ죬ǰȥԽԽǣѹȺۣ˿ܵκơ
ƻ۷״̬ͬӳ˯Զޣ۱֮
ׯɫȻҶƽľУղΪҶֻǿ֮ĩ񿴵Ҷ˿вɣԼжǲȷ
ҶȥƷſͬׯѹȥѾ۵˼ޣһƱʯ쾪


480 ŵһħͨ
ׯɫأȴЦҶ֣ùˣȴׯĳѾ;ƿݣǿʵȴһ
ҶһԲͻȻХһХͬӾһһһ߹һ
칦£ӳ̫ӡ
ҶӡԪ޸ٵأׯ䣬ѹԼƣǿд߶ƣһֿνǾ춯أļռ
Ҷƻ޸֮ձóһĺɫѺۣ
ʵܹٽһ·ӣֻգԴȥ
Ҷٱ㲻ҪΪׯĳ㣿ұ㿴Ҵ¼̳Զŷŵĵһħͨ
µׯŷƽҶ̫ӡҲڼ֮Уһɿ񱩵ʼڡ
˵ı壬̼ׯżһ¡ڽʸߣָԽԽϸһëֱƤ
ۿ¡˫Ŀ£˫ĿͬһԻ۽𾦣գۼһῡɮˣһͷصıԳ
ҶٱҷŵһħͨսʤԶĶսʤ𣡡
ׯëԳſë׵Ĵץȥ
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ׯеĽһӰӰҲԿµƱԶԶʥصĽﵽһּ˿ֲľأ
ׯŵʵɲ⣬˿ڴʩչȫҶУ
ˣ
ׯеĽҶ̫ӡཻ󹥷֮Ȼƽɫׯչֵʵ֮ǿԯȱĶʥй֮޲
˵սʤԶŷӴµķţŹ˿ûзִȱΪϢԵеĹ֮ϣ죬Ĺ
ԶԯȱĿҶׯŷֱǶʥصľţħĺ㣬һսƱؿԼĶһս
Ҷׯţһ̫ӡͬͳֳִ󸫿ٵأһͬëԳֳֽҪͳͳͱ
֮ս󿪴ϣİԵ֮չֵ쾡£ûױֻ׷ײ
ͻȻֻ¡һ죬ļҵȴļɽ
ֻڴڰ֮УһӶзɳ˷ȥͬһž޴ɡǣסɽҶҲС
ļҵգ۹ѾӡƬռ䣬Ҷ֮
죬ܷӡԲǧǧĽ򣬻һͰɽ޷ƣҲͬ޷ȥ
ׯſļӡɽ˿ɢȥڿֱָֻԭǸüĿɮģ΢ЦϧҶ֣ׯĳû㹫ƽһս
Դ̾ҡͷ̾Ϣׯĳ޷Ҷֳַʤˡ
˵ȿļ֣Ҳ׷˿
ǰҶǴļ֣֮ҶǿСļҵѾٻҶ·ӣȻֵֹ֣ͣüҶļҸɵ
ɽĿĵʮΧҶٱɱˣ˲ħͷֺ֮ڣҶٱҪˡ
ûг׵̥Ԫ񾳣ֻѹе񾳴ףû˻Ķ֣
ʥĿаֻҪΪʤȳһͷܽѹ
ҶٱˡԪҲֹ̧֣ͣͷѹյļ˿Ц
ɫԪ˶Ըʦ壬米ʦţȥ֮ҶȻʦã
ʦ֣ⲻǱʦţǰʦŲʥеĺȺ֮
ԪһЦĿ¶ɱңʦܻܲŻصʥڣһδ֪

ļ֣ӡգ춦͵ضҲ֣עҶĽ֡
Ҷٱ㻹к·ߣļ֮Уһ
ʥׯţԪɽ
ҶĿɭȻӸղΧԼЩɨһ˵ǵ֣λʢ飬Ҷĳġ֮𣬸ٱ
䣡
Ҷȫʽֻ֧ԽԽһϢ𣬱Ƶ˲òˣ
һʧǣ૵
ԣǲȱʥĿһ۱㿴ҶеʽĽǽɲ֡
Ҷٱ㻹ӣ
ûôף
֮УһӰһλϹླľͷжʮλ񾳵ĴףЩ֪Ҷʽ˲ûǰ׷ɱҶ񣬶߳һ
ǰԯȱ˻֮죬Ʊֲ˹ױױ˶޷ƣļ˶ǿߣһ˻֮Ǻεȿֲ
ƿն𣬺ХҶײѹգռѹ֧顣
𾳵ϹöԷû˿Ŀ֮
ļңҲң
Ҷ˿ֳһõԪ̥һӿʽ֮УֻԽԽͻȻһǰļѹһ޴Ķڣ
ҶХһͶǸ֮УͬʱͻȻѿһ˫˺գļ̽һֱֻ׷ҶıӰ̽Ǹ޴Ķ֮УԲľ޶ƺҪҶӶһץ
˻ʣļҵ˻ʳˣԯȱһҲٵɫ䡣
ׯ¶˼֮ɫ૵ѵļҵļڰͲסҶٱ֣
Ҷٱһ֣һȱΪľǴļķȴļҵ˻ʳ֣ã
ʥҲĪ˻ʥ֮Ϊ֮ߣʵ֮ǿھԳ֣ԸҶҶٱҶıܣҲƱش룬һʱ
֣ļҵ˻ʺεΪļ֮Գ֣˺
˻ʳ֣ļһڴ󶦣ֻûгҶʱ⣬Ҳֵö˾˵ֱʣѵʲôɸ˵ܣ
뵽ؼ֮
ˣ
ֻ̽붴УҶץȥƬ̣ץһգֻѿдһŭȣֻֻһץ춦ضͳͳץһģͳͳĶ֮С
죬ȪؽǻСץļҴһϵͬ߸ϣĻʵۣڷ
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ļײȻ붴֮УֻǸ޴ĶںȻպϣʧ


481 ħ
ļͬλ𾳵ϹԼļǿߣͳͳǸն֮Уʧ
ļ˻ʵֻ֣ͬļҡ
ļʧڴ˵صķӡҲʧҴ˷׷׷ĴֻĿһƬꡣ
ɽƬɽԯȱĶ֮սҶĹԼǿһսΪƽأ
ңҶĹ֮սԼǿ֮սˣ²֪˲
ҶʥĴսŶݣ˽ˣ񾳵ĴҲĴ֮УԪͳͳҶŶϣ
ܱߣʥüϵѾȬΪļȻܽҶ£û뵽ȴǱҶѡ
ׯ˿΢ЦˣƼأӲ˶Զᱻļ׷ϣע·һ
ļҳ˴ֱʣֻΪԸҶҶٱҲ̫һЩĪҶٱϣܣ˿̧ͷƬѾʧĶڣȻĶЦ
Ҷٱϣÿһļֵ޷ı;Ŷ㲻ѷ֮ʱ⣬֧ǲȱοϻļҶӵĶܽЩΪС
֪Ҷٱȥ˺εأ
ղСӴգҺоһİħӶд
ô˵ҶٱӦôգȥ˺ħ򡭡
ͻȻһླľͷ˺գͶ룬ǰħ׷ѰҶټȥ˿ûļķӡ˵ླľͷ񾳵Ĵ׶ա
ĶѿʹױգȴƾԼķΪֱӽմƣħĴѰҶټ
Щ˲ļ棬ͬʱҲһ˿ϣǾļ֮ǰҵҶɱᱦ
ΪΪʳŲ׵ĴླĴףҲס
Ҷ˿شʵǰǰֲʱ
Ƭ̣ɽϿգѾտյֻʣʮ˻ʥׯšɽԪҲϸħ
ԥһ£ûиǰ̷ػȪħڣĵҶʦ屻˶ǿԼļ׷ɱҺħҲһΣ֮أҶʦ׶༪١Ҫʦֲɡ
ȱ㲻ȥôԯȱվڿУдһʵ
ԯȱҡҡͷһսȻǹƽһս侮ʯѾˣʤʤ֮䡣
ʤѩĿֻվڿУȷǷ
ƽһսôûбʤİգǸ
ԯȱҡͷͻȻƳսսļһҴ󴬣΢漴ҡͷѯǷ֪ҶĿҶ֣ѺͶͬһʱ˷ܣ֪㣬㶯֣ϲ㣿
ƮȻԶȥʧ١
뿪֮أеǸ̾ϢһҲʧ
վڴ󴬵ĴͷҵѱݲеòӵĺɽþͻȻһɺ飬ָ̧ɽЦҲҪΪ߳ƵĺܣҶ֡ԯȱ
δ䣬ǹϵһӵϣȭߣʹһ٣ݺݵ飬Ĵұϣ㻹ǵ¶˲ࣿȥ֮ٺͷ㣡
鱻Ǵñףڼװϣĵʦʦ壬Ҵˣ򣡡
ԺвɸֳҶǧܣԼļȻʱĺͰԵһսĴа¾ģֻˣˣȽĳһ죬Ҷῴұ㣬ǣ˿ҪΪʶ׻ʣ

ҶԦΦӺ߿һζת˲ǧ䣬ɳľ롣
ʽļķӡħ漴һִֻץʱΦֲֻĴӳ
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ڴļҳ֣δԸΦٶȱ죬Ҷ޷޵ѣ
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ҶصףⷭɣֻԵѸٱˣص׳ȥ
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գۼ䣬Ҷ㳤Դ漴Ҹ·ǰǰɵĴ죬һֱ

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Ҷ΢΢һֻ޴ĶѨжʱ״䣬ͬһƬ׳أۡ
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һʱĿޣʵ֮ǿڴǰħǿ󣬷ͬʿʮУ߹һ

Ҷֽ˵ԪԼƵһڴ֮У˲漴̽ɽеĳǳȥ
Ƭַֻ̣ɻأһţͷħ
ҾĻǿұչʱ䣬ļҾ
Ҷ׹ѻǣͻȻвһףæתֻһСշݺײȥ
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ħļ䣬δйļҵϢļУһСҶɽ΢Ц


487 ֿȭ
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Ҷٱûб˴ļҵ׷ɱΪо
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֪¼Ҳֶ֪Ρ
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ЦԽԽǿԶʥдоԽԽ죬ʮǰ޳Ԫ񣬳ɾʹף񣬴ﵽڣһһӡȽޱȣҵĸޱٳܱ֮⣿
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ʥԭֻһױȴһĵɽʥ𣬴ڣڵһλǰƷ
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ҶһץַԲʮ¸ȥֻһϹɵĹȣϹž׷̽צץסԶʥԶʥӲסͣڿС


488 
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ҶԺħĵһ֪Ѱɽļ䣬ɽҲûκħ򣬶ħĵҲϤŻļԼǿʧɢͬûͷӬһĴҴܡ
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Ҷɱ㣬һɱ֮̽·ħǳץȥ̳һλħֱѻǣȡļ䣬Ѱʥǵķλ
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Ҷͷһ亹Ȼħͷ֮ºԭɱĶǶԼֵʿ
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ͭȻҲһ֮Ůħ֮ϣֻħͷ÷飬ȴûܽͭ
ͭɸղ԰޼𣬵ҶһѪӿɫ΢䣬˿Ҷ΢΢֣еλ֡
Ҷͷ궯ŭҡͷЦλ̨£ƢãƲסԼɱղŶе
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ӿЦĵҽһѪڷӿ
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˵ؽ̵ܹλɫӵħ壬Ҳ塣


490 һ
ŮɯһãҶЦιôƺ
Ҷ΢΢һЦҶһ֣ٱ
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Ҷ̧ͷȥֻʥǣһƬΡΡѩɽ֮ϣΡ׳ۣһʯֱͨɽʥǣʯϣ֪ħһߵһݣϵʥȥ
˵иʥԶŵ̨ǰ߱ǲ·ħǽڲ·ϣΪء鿴ʥǵʷЦ
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ҶʧЦҡͷֻ˵ħ׻磬׻ʱֹħ򣿡
Ҷ֣ʷϣʳĻʵۣħ򣬵⸡ʥ֮£޷Խ׳һ
Ҷ΢΢һ֪ȻһʷڹഫУ׻ħֵܺߣû뵽֮以
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ں֮У³һʦѡսļҵǿߣΪʥǵĳȻλһԭǾħ˵زԶ
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ɯŭħХնһ̱˵ŮӲӱߣݺĲȥ
ŮޱȣһԲϱɱˣҶҲղѡ

һħŮ۽𷢣ͻȻһЦ΢΢ζҸͻȻֱۣһ˿סħЦɯʦãαضŭ
һΣȻֳһԴޣЦʦ֣㻹ãݹС飬ˣ
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һԴλħŮĲӴҶˣе˭
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Ҷħһϲͨħ嶼ļ֧
䣬ħ壬Ĵ֧һ֧ţͷıۣһ֧򣬶Ůһ֧ޣ죬һ֧ͷǧۡĴữΣֻսʱ򣬲ֿħеĻ壬ҲĴգֱĦޡޡ͡ޣѪͳӸ߹Ҳ°빦Ȼ٣ָࡣ
Ҷͷѣֻ󳤼ʶĵħʱħеĻ壬٤Ҳǻ壬ѹǵΪֲ֪ڵص׶Ǿߴǻ廹壿
ޣȻСһǶħ棡
ͻȻһҶ̧ͷȥֻһĿĴ󺺴շУһ̤֮ϣȵģ졣
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ͷÿһԴϣǧֻ۾ŴԴǰǰ󣬵۾ɭֲ
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գۼ䣬ʮħǿ߳ʥϿգҶĿЩͻȻֵħ֣ݡ
ħǿߣΪʵΪƺһʥῡÿһλѷɽĴڣ
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ҶаͻȻɭħʣвȻħĦ׻ʣ۲Ŵԣ˼޵£ͳһħֻǳ顣
Ǻħʮ类ͳһ׻һ޴ĺƽ٣ʱ֪Ҫж˲
㿴еȻ֮еĺܣ֪λСôƺλͷı۵ħŮͻȻ˦ɯλζҶǰЦ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ͻȻֻһʵЦ˱ҶҶٱ
ҶͷȥֻһºգڸʥǵϿգׯվǰâЬĿķӡ
Ҷ֣ׯһ黨΢Ц
ииҶЦе
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ūŭһĿɭȻļҺħ򣬱𣬵ħ岻֪˲Сӣ·㲻ߣ㴳ȳԵ㿪θ
˭ҶҶٱʥԣ
ͻȻʮǿϢ֣һӰԶԪ˷׷׳֣ʥٶ죬һʥϿգĿ磬ҶɨȥЦҶٱҪҲֻʥУ
ħĸλַ׷״ŭʥ˶ţá
λˡ硭
ҶһĿɨЦһϣҶĳͳͳλΪΣ


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Ҷٱļӳ죬û뵽㾹Ȼҳ㲻ݣҲòʥЦҶĴָ
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⣡
ļ̷Ҷ񣬶Ȼһһ̱ҶߣЦɭȻСӣ¶ˣ


492 һȭ
ԭҶ뷨ǻˮ㣬һ֣㽫ԼƵ˼⣬вһϺꡣ
ȻûôҺܹɫĵӣһǺʦΪħ٤һģûм
𾳵ǿߣԨҶѹȥ
𾳵ǿߣڸʥ֮ʱ㼫ߣǵʣѷׯĴڣΪϣǳЩῡ֪ܲ
Ԫ𣬷಻棬Ҷ֮Ĳ࣬ȵԪҶ֮Ĳ໹Ҫ޴󣬻Ҫֱֲǵݣ
ѹµһ˲䣬ҶоԼԪ̣ƶᣬԵ˼άƺҪֹͣ
𾳴׵ǿɼһߣУƾƣ޷֮
ǿȵѹȣ޷ױ࿹⡣
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ԶԶһץֻ죬ҶھŶʱƲסһɾӲ⣬Х÷ȥ
ʵΪʵڸĪ⣬Ҷֻ֣һУ㽫Ҷƶɵľſڴͳͳᡣ
ĿҶľŶɨһܣ¶ݣſڴȻ֮ߣԶԶ֮֮ҶַļҾŶྶͥԼ֪ʶ̲ص׵⣬Ҳݣ
ĳΡſڴ󶦣ɫ΢䣬ʧͺ
ſڴ󶦣ȻɽĳΣҲõſڴ󶦣ļ˵ľŶΪߣµľŶ
־ϲ̲סЦ漴ٴһץֻһҶС
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494 
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ҶݺݰһļҶϣһλļ𾳵ǿߵˣΪʵԵֿļҵĴ󶦣Ͼ𾳵ǿҲ޷˻֮׷ӡ
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һ壬һĦ޻壬ݵĶǲ֮Ӱ֮ǿȻȲǵ𾳵ǿߣҲƿֲͿླڵľͷ
ͻȻҶ񿴵жȻһֻƬĴţǿߵ֮ϣӲȱ飬ֱӴޱŨľ
ֻŲ꣬һֻ£սȥž߹֮ŤŤٴλ꣬ɱ
ǴݻٵЩ彭ɽȻҲĻָԭ״ЩеĴɽӣ·ͼеĴڣʵ
ȥ˻ʵꡭ
Ҷ񵹳һղֻĴţħ˻µ꣬ǿϣȫ𾳵Ϲ
⾿ʲôսô˻Ҳս
ҶĪüͷĵĿǰʵ¾ǲһҲ޷Ƭսĸڴ˵õط֮ȥս̽еİء
¥סñͻȻϮ
Ҷ̽һץ¥нץ漴˿˫صİ֮ϣӲƿ
ǰ㹻ţΪʵҿ쾭ذԵķ׾١
ϵĴŴ򿪣Ҷͷ¥ͱС
ۿȥֻŵһռУƵľŶ֣Լն̨֮ʮ֮ͳͳΧŵڶŻת
ȡļ춦˻֮ȴӰ
ѵļ춦˸Ż֮У
Ҷ񲻽üʵΪֻ̽ŵĵһ㣬˲ŻδСŽļ춦ŻУֻƾµʵ޷룬˻֮
ȽõľŶͳͳȡ뵽ҵľŶ֮УȻȥŵڶ㣬Ѱ
Ҷ뵽ŵķȥ

ſһʱгһ޴У·һռڶֻΧŵڶŻתеʮ֮׷׷𣬲ȥ
꣬ꡣ
Ҷſڴһ֮飬븹У߶쾭ʮ뵽쾭֮Уķ֮Ҫ˹ʮ
˹ʮЩ֮ͿʮԲľ磬Ҷ쾭ʮ֮ȴ·һ޵׶ԴԴϵױǿȡ
ҶЩ֮ŲõľŶȥ
ն̨ӦϢл죬΢΢ζѩ׵죬ġնָĿ
ն棬ԶֳҶ֡
ˣ
Ҷֳлϣն̨ϵ̻ХҶٶȿ޷
ױƵĲ֮ЧΪأ٤ҲЩն̨նˣ


496 ȡն̨
ͬǲ֮ҲмĲ࣬ƩƵľŶͽ֣δ𣬱㱻Ҷһ⣬ֱӱȡѹ
ΪòԪڵϹȻΪ񣬵ֻǿƲ֮
ն̨ȴλϹ׻ƵĲ֮ҼʣҲԶδʱͥն̨ƶɣȻǲ֮ȴĳЩ˻֮Ҫɫ
Ȼûˣն̨նɱףֱ׾٣٤𾳵ľͷЩննɵ¡
ն̨û˼𣬱Ѿƿһ𾳵ĴУܷӵ˵˻ʶնˣ
նңûôף
Ҷ̽ץ¥һץԼǰֻƹһ𣬺һҶסȻն̨ȥ
ն̨ϣնɵգһſֻסҶ̨ϣ㽫ס֮ϣ䣬նԪɱвл꣬ɢ
Ҷͷðϸ亹ԭ٤Щն̨նˣЩЦŵԼͷϣ㲻ôЦǿֲˣ
ļϡκңҲŲᱻһĪױնˣ
Ҷ񱬺Ķȫķõһͷ۷Ľƶɣ٤һʱƬ̼䶼޷ѣοҶ
ɵն̨ϣɼһֿסҶӣһӼдݶѹԪѹ쾭Ҳ޷ת
ⲿɼϲǽסҶô򵥣һѹ챦ѹԪķһͨȴ޷ӷֻŹͷ£նԪǣ
Ҷ֪٤ն̨ϣ˶ôѹôΣա
ն̨ܣô򵥣̨֮ϣл죬ĻǴϸлһƬǼг
ŵã£ѹ־飬ʧȥ־ִСҶȻδϣȻ⵽ŵѹƣ᲻𷴿֮ġ
նɵҲѾն𣬵죬еճһڵѷ졣
նɵ٤Ҳ£һն£ͷѪ٣Ԫնط඼ն飬
ۿҶҪϣͻȻһҶſ֣ץסҶ񣬶ڰ֮У֮ϡ
ͬʱһֻſһץסҶһȭµĹͷһȭлᦣһֳţֳֻסһֻ֣ץסɼϣӲɼϴ򿪣
վ㶯һ⻯ΪҶҲ˲࣡
գҺһѾ⻯롭
ڰԪһϸھֺԦĿĿ硣
նңұ㣡
Ҷһ䣬ɼһֻϣżҸ£漴˫ֱסлᦣɨնɵ
նɵڿζƿлᦣһն£һϣһѩ׵ĵۡ
ѵȻǿᣬϾжû˼Ȼ˵٤𣬵һȴ˻֮٤Ҫǿ࣬նɵҲ޷նͷ­
٤ûȡ㣬ҿԣ
Ҷնɵ޷նһдΪģֻأնɵơ
˿̣Ƭսǧ֮⣬õһ·ѰһµĿռۼҲѰ˵ء
һƺ̫ǿѹգȻѵպܿ츴ԭϹУܹ˿
ûã٣ü裬ĿעƬŨŨеĹս
ԩ꺣ѵһƬս֮У
Ƭ̣Ȼɫ֮УСҶǰçײڹսкֱײ
Ƭԩ꺣ףħڴħʮħĵֿѪս죬ӶµĹս׻ʮǿϹ׻ʣ˵˲֪ٴף˵ʱʮħħʣҲɥڴˣԩصڴʮ꣬νޱȣħħҲ̤С
ýԩ꺣ûжãԪʧǵĴԶҶһлܣڹҶǰеױҶһ£ֱҶһ⣬һӢ٣ɨء
ɫ࣬ʵ⵽شĥģҲҶݲеǧٿס
ԭٷ磬˿ȴԵЩǡ
ҶٱҵģҵģҪǧٱĳ
ԪҧгݣŤ˵˿ѾļϵУѵһӶ޷
ڿдƬ̣Ŀнָɣǰصİ֮ϡ
ԩ꺣
˵˵ޱգһϴ·˵ʱԶԶɱ죬ʵƣҽ롣еױҶٱߣԩ꺣ҵ˵˵ܹһƶĳɾ͸󣡡
Ԫнһ˿ԩ꺣֮УѰͻȻսͣ½ŲЦʦܣ㻹ҪΪֶã
žžž
һ߳Ԫ΢Цʦ֣û뵽㱻ҶٱݺݴһȻִܴлָӦڵе
ۣɫͬǳٷ磬Ԫվһ𣬷·һһ㣬ǼΪӡ
ò˵Ӧڵѡ֮ϺһףѡĵӣȷǷ๫͵УҲеԪӡ
ԪЦһʦܣʮһ·ԩ꺣Īͼı죿
ЦɷСܴΪʦ
·˵һɵ飬Цʦ֣㱻ҶٱһƻܣѹùڵϣΪħܣСΪ顣ˣСܳȫ㣬·øһȪʥߣ
Ԫɫת䣬Цʦܣɱңֺγɱ㣿
ŤɭȻΪ֮壬ֻҪõԪҲԳΪ֮壬ҵٶȱȻֲ󣡵õԪ񣬱˵ҶٱأӦڵҶᳬԽѷλͣ
̤ǰһƸǣȪӣЦʦܣȻҰҶٱУҵΪɲδ°֣֪ǸոսԪڰɣֶΣķͳͳ֪أ죬ҲҪõԪ񣬻ҪϵбͳͳѹΣΪУ


497 
Ц⣬ԵԪƥƲΪ⣬ͻȻֳһߴɾˣĳһģһһ񣬾Ӹ¿ŵԪ΢Цʦ֣´ˣʵСڡҵУʦʮǰѾǸˡǸˣҲǣҶٱҲǣӦڵǺǺǡ
зζĹЦͬ뵽˼飬Ԫɫٴα࣬һƬհס
û뵽ȻصôһֱΪʦȻ֮ΪҲԪڣԼΪҪࡣ
ǧ㣬û㵽Ȼ޳ɷ࣬Ϊླڵľͷ
־޴ķ޷ܣ
һ˲䣬㱾ãǰϤʦܣޱİ
ķһֺȻɫֵ̿ĵԪץ£Цʦ֣Ϊ˽ô㣬ΪСǻȪʥڵħͥ澭ʵ㣬˲ֹһֽ֣ҵߣҵѪͳޱȸ߹ħֻͥڸֶֽΣ
Ԫһݣֻһץ£ԪͳͳҶһƻҪֲֹ
Ϊ֮壬УŲ¥ʣ¥бȻҲһĽУ
ʶʶȴħͥ¥еĽĵֽ
Цһ£ԪࣵһѣֻʣԪںǰԪҲûУһ飡
ץסԪȥЦ˵СŽҶٱԪʼħڵĽԪʼ򻯹Ԫ֮ͬŽȴԪʼ򻯹ԪǽĦħ
ԪԪ޷֮뷨ĿУһƬ̣ԪԪ㱻
ҵĦħκ˵Ԫ񣬻İħǿΪԪôҵĶ֣
Ц㣬ӦڵҲҪΪҵĸвͣҸʡҲҪͳһ׻ģҪͳһħ򣬳ΪĹǰδе׳٣
һɹİħķ漴һֹգ֮УԼԼԿһħǧǧǧۣ봫Ħ壬ʮơ
Ȼֹһ࣬𣬻߸࣡
˭
ͻȻתԱߵգͳͳ䣬ʧ
ܣһһէģˣ
֮УͻȻһЦֻһѾ޵ͻȻգѾ޵ʮɣΪأѹÿռ䶶ݣ⼫ΪնѣõԱֵ߳ĺɫ״ĿռѺۡ
һ޵ħŮħ˳Σ͹£ɢ޾ջһĶˣ˼ǵľɫŮӣִа־޵ʣһȴͻ۾һ
򿴵ħŮӣȴüͷ¶ͼɵ֮ɫߵʲô
ɱĵܣĸ
ħŮӷħ̧ܷܷϸָӹ˿΢Ц˵ɣΪʲôҪɱģ
ΪܺȻҪɱ
ЦɭȻʹǸˣٸҶ죬ҲɱȻҲ㣬Ħ楣
ħŮ΢΢üĿ⣬ͬһλڿһֱŤĺӣǺοࣿϾǶһˣαشɱɱܣҴҪ㣬ҶٱûǱһߡУҸ㣬ڱ˲סϾСӦڵ
ӦڵҶٱǶˣҪҵУҪٺ٣ҲҪĿ¶ɱͻȻգ뿪ֻǹЦ
ĦĿȥһɨԭ˵Ĵģɱ䣬ЦСӣǿԸãһˣȻ˵ûûС
ħԩ꺣ȥ·Сèһʺ⣬ε촽૵ÿκС˵ɱˡȥԩ꺣ĥĥ𾳵ꡭ
УҶһڽնɵ£һĵֺĵһɶЩླ䵽񾳡
ն̨֮ôױ㱻Ҷûнһ⻯ֻ¸һ棬ᱻֱ֮Ӷ̨ϣնԪնǶᱻлУ
ն̨ôף֮ҪΪߣ֮ܽ߶
ԯȱܹ߶죬Ϊ챾ԯ֮ķศɡ
ҶȴûʵķֻҪߵΪնֻ̨һ֮նɵɼϣţлᦣټһ̨֮࣬ն̨֮ɵļ壬ΪҪߡ
ҵĹ½֣Ӧܹն̨ɣ
Ҷ΢һ½ֺն̨ȥתѭϢͬʱԪҲһɹɾҪע뵽ն̨֮Уͬʱױ
Ƭ̣ҶоԼԪеľڷʧʧٶȣҲⲻס
ն̨ͬһ޵׶ľԪѸ˥
⣬Ϊ޷ͬʱ֮
Ҷæͬʱױ뷨룬ֻлᦡ
һлᦣҲΪɸɾ
ãҶڽлᦼɹлؿ֮ѡһ֣ҶΪ⣬漴л¥֮С
ն̨ѹ֮УԷֿԺΪ㹻ǿᣬٽն̨
նֻ̨ǲ֮ǿϧ˻֮ұԺ޼ɣɱķ
Ҷ̾˿ͻȻչ֣õط¥ץȻûطӵгķҶ
ӡطģҶ𾳵ķʩչȶӡаطӡ֮࣬Ϲط࣬Ҳ޷ѡ
ãҪĿţôľŶͳͳɣҵľŶϣ
ҶЦһԼľŶХõľŶȥֱľŶ֮СҶŶչʱʼϳȡþŶеĵԼֲϣľŶܣʼԴԴǡ
СӣԶҲ֪𾳴׵ĵ̣жôǿͻȻЦĵطֻ࣬ľŶ̷ͣɢһɹɿֲܣѹҶľŶҶײ
ҽУ󣡡
Ŀطɱ䣬߶ŶѹһƬƬռ䣡
Ҷһ˿壬Ȼһѩ״ᦴ¥зɳն֮ͻȻõ֡
룡ұ㣬飬Ȼұȫ㣡
ҶԪлᦣ漴ֱסᦣӶֻõطһһƻǱлӲطглᦣ


498 
Ҷһζлᦣղȡն̨û㹻ʵն̨֮ױѡлᦣҪǿǵĿǰʵ޷Կõط࣬˵ǿⶼЩѡ
лȴԡ
ƵĲ֮лǣһֿΪױ
Ҷױ࣬еıǿѹ񷣬еױٶȼ죬ӰеױעɱɱɭȻûļܹлᦣ
лᦻӶһƻǱӲ֮С
Ҷٱ֮Ĳ࣬ǧ򱶣뺳ҵĻʶ
õطȻѹȶӡ֮У죬ƣԼӡֵлᦵܣ
ױȷϧ𾳵ĴףֻҪҿסƬ̣ԼԦŶ㣡ЦŶХҶѹȥ
𾳵ΪݾŶҶ񣬼ֱ׾٣
ãԴҵһ̣ѾעĽ֡
Ҷ΢΢һЦѹľŶΪ⣬̴߶ԼԪ񣬽лᦵܷӵֻеĴᦺݺһӣ֮ɫʹȶӡ֮Уõط֮С

õ걻ЩסӲطгСĻлУ桰ն·ġáѪĴ֣䵭ʧ
طɥʧеľ񣬱ûججľȻȶӡУ
ˣ
һ˲¥طڸֳϷֽ⣬һɢͬʱľŶûطļԦԼײݺײҶϣֻⱩſڴײգҶ顣
ҶѪǿѹƣһȻ⻹ѾŶĹԱ˿ֲˡ
ʱõĻʶŶôһײܽײ飡
𾳵ĴʵǿᣬñҶһˣ٣ʵʮֻʣ²һɣһѹӵҶڴˣ
Ϊǿޱߡ
ñ˻ʶطңҪҲླûĿܣ
Ҷ˿Ӷл֮𾳴׵Ļʶôףȴ߶лᦱҪķΪԪ㹻ǿᣬӶױ˵ܽΪĸɣ
õĻʶлУѾǳط࣬ѹȶӡС
ΪƣԪڵǿߣطûľأȻȲ٤ǵط಻ľҲͬСɣǿ߶һ
õԪطɵڶԪ񣬵ڶ࣬ԦһҲǳ֮ơ
Ҷ΢ɢȥӡطȶӡĵ𾳵ط࣬߶һҲģҲ䣬ֻлħķַܱԴԴϣݽߡ
߶һļһ˻֮һΣĵΪ㿰ҶΪõط࣬Ҳ֧Ų˶೤ʱ䣬ҶѰͻķܽ⻯ơ
һ㣬ҴѾ߰˸µʱ䣬٤ȮҲǰ뿪ڡϧҽħΨ⵽ħʵ׷ɱ򵹿ҪһħĽ
ʱļһɹɱ֮ϵ׻ڵõ춦ʧϢ˻ŭͬһ޴ϵĻʼɵת
һ󶦴ӳ˯иգսļµϢѹһ˲䴫½ݵ޼ʵĴ󺣣ǧԶں½ԼʥأϢ𶯡
ǹ¹̫񹬣Ҳо׻Ԫ쳣Ĳ
ˣļҾŶδ񣬲еܣڽĴ󶦣ҲļҼ
һ˲䣬˶оԪʼţԽһЩݵʿңоκԪ׷ױҲ޷߶ɷˡ
ļҵľŶѹɽˮף׷ױͳͳҪſڴ󶦿ƣеڴ󶦸գͬ׻ʴӳ˯ɢƣ£ѹ׻ģ
ƣƿֲóĻʳʱŶѹ׻ʱľ󣬾ǺεΡ׳ۡ
һʥرļҵ𶯣ֻ׻Уһ̴ӳ˯иչһƬأֿļѹ
־󣬿ƿֲ֮࣡
ʱħĸʥذͲסʩչֻ׻綼ᱻóһ룬飬ͳͳҪڽĹ֮£
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ʥҲ˿ͬʱҲ֣׷ɳϢ֮ͨʿĴļΪˡ
һϢ׻ĸʥصĶУЦԷǡ
ļ֮ŭȴΪļ춦ħһߣļҴ߶˿ڴ󶦣Ŷ֮ϢӦѰһķλ
ļҾŶһ׽ศɣ׶ؾŶԸǧɽˮ춦һ
ǣ˴ļֳĶ춯أЩ֮սȴûѰ춦κϢ
춦·ļʧԵһɣʧŶĸӦҲ޷Ѱ춦ķλ
ļңγˡʥֻͬʱҲλһ
ļҵ춦ȻǽҲܼΪǿ˻֪֮жҪ춦ȴͳͳʧܶաˣȻ۲ļҾŶȴҲҶϾ൱ļҵĻļҵŭ
λһȴңң˳ļ׻ʥس޿κΡ
һϼһҵͻ󣬲͸ô󺺾ڴɽ£٤ҲϢ˻˨ӣƵ
٤𣬺Ǿս㻹ҷɽ£һţͷĴǿ̣ŭȴǷħ֮׻׷ɱ٤ɭĴ
٤ޣħʣħһΣϵ£Ҳû֮ءɽڣǰ׵
٤ĿɨЦô׷ɱ£ǲӷˣҲãӱڴ˵أͳͳ
٤ޣŹҧ
Ȯļͷյģҧǣ


499 ľħ
ļң׶֮Уļǿ߼üһãļȻһɽ¶ˮļҵĵһЩħʥ֮ϣ𾳵Ϲʮ֮࣬ླľͷҲн٣
ӴԽһʥΪƽأ
ЩļǿĿʲǶȫء硢ɽˮװ󶦣Ӧ춦ټȴû뵽Ӧ춦
ܣ
һļǿһ֮ɫļҶð˶ǽܸӦ춦ķλ
Ҳǲܡ
óһļҵ춦ȥħħħѹȷʵпǸӦ춦
ħĵһгԹôܽѹ춦һļ߶Ȼ
˷׷׿ڣ²ֿܣͻȻһʵ۰ϵҪˡ˽һױѹ춦ױǡǡҶҶٱСһһ֮ѣǽױѹ춦Ҳ޷Ӧ
ԣһݣæѭȥֻı֮ϵͻȻѿ¶һž޴ףòׯϣͬ߸ϵĻʵۣӲӡ
λӣļҵļʥͬʱҲһλ˻۷ľǿߣ¡¡ױʱţһļ춦Уŵһڶռ䣬ļױٻ춦һȻı㣬ֻ½춦ڸŻ֮Уռ䣬ϾӦļҰ˶Ҳ޷ٻش˶
ħϹһϼ޻ѹֿħ
ɫ䣬˼黫ѵļ춦ֻڴУӴ˲ܶأ
춦ļҵ棬һҪأʧ
ʥһһΪռļҵıˣעֻ·һô˿ħ׷ټغܿϢʱ˵ҲҪԳȥ߶һ£һλһ𣬴
ԩ꺣УҶŶþŶеĵԼ־ƵľŶõĲ֮˲֪ϹԪԼԼǻѪΪͳͳ֮С
ֻЩԣ׷ӿҶľŶ֮УľŶ
þŶĲϣ½ӰͳͳҶľŶɣ
ӴĵҶľŶѸͣڽŶÿһڶʮﵽֲľأ
ˣľŶľҶϣԪҶΪҲͻǡ
ҶΪͻȻƷȻƷƷƷõΪεȾε񣬼ƵĲ֮ɵľҲһһԾΪླڵ۷ͷ
䣡
Ҷ֮УѿһգŷУ䡣
ֻڣգƣ𣬰Եס
ͻȻһյڼշУҶе𣬿ռ䶼յͨ죡
žִ˳գԽŴ¶ȣʼҶԪ
ҶΪԪҲڷ׳󣬲ûбˣڴ䡣
ʱȥõľŶڱҶͳͳɣΪҲȻﵽƷڴеӳҰԵƱˣ
Ԫ˿Ѿɣɣѹ죬ҲʼܹάƬռȶ
Ҷŭһֻ۾Ȼ˵̫ȻۣӸͳҵ̫⣬۾м죬գ
ɫâ˷յ̮ڻ
ԽԽ겻ɱ¾ħҲ޷άƽ̲סѰ˴ɱ䣬еɱһգ
쾭Ҳ޷ıҵģѪᣬ
ҶȻȣһöѪᣬֻöȭͷСգ֮УԽԽͬһŶᣬѪ
Ѫ֮УdַһԲɵ֣д󳪣ѹħ
ҶĽƽе̫ԽԽ̣ڻָԭ״ͷ亹ղŵһɲǣħƣʧȥǣ
䣬һ·ɱľ磬ȹ̣ľѾܻѪ챦ѹħ쾭ȻǿᣬľΪ˵ȴһķҪƣֻܴҴǰķ֡
Ҷ۾ϸ˼
쾭ķ澭ķ̫ǿ쾭ûƽ⣬ķûܸϣʧȥƽ֮
СǶ΢ֻԪǶ䣬澳޻Ԫ澭Ԫʼ̥մ޼ЩֵĽЧ޷澭ֻѰ񾳵СǶ΢ԼֵĽ׶ˡ
ڣЩķԪʼķ·ѭǹĵӲ٣ֻҪץһˣѻǣŪСǶ׾٣
Ҷ뵽˿۾ԼľŶȥ
ҵһֲ쾭׶˵;еĵҲࡣ
֣ҵľŶõĲ֮ӦѾΪ֮ıô֮
ҶӾŶϸϸ̽һ飬΢΢ü漴ͨеԵʡ
˵ľŶþŶ֮ӦóΪ֮ҶľŶƷ׼ߣõľŶҪɫǽ֮ߣŶһ֮ƷУ˲ûгΪ֮ɻǴ֮ˮƽ
ˣľſڴ󶦣һԶκһ֮ѷõľŶҸ棡
ԾŶ⣬ѾκһļϹ֮£Ĳ辶þŶ֪ʶȥԼľŶ׷ȴǰʮ౶֮࣡
ľŶսƣԽԽӽӡ׷ɣ
ϥõط࣬ʱ䣬ڽطԼĵڶԪ񣬵ڶ࣬ȻһԼƿ
ӵ˵ڶ࣬ҶҲ׶һ𣬷򼴱𾳴׵ط࣬Ҳᱻ⻯ɡ
񣬼ʹҲһʵҲླڵǿ߶һ
ҶıΧƵڶŻе֮ȡն̨ﻹһ¥ԼõĽ֮
һն̨Ҳ޷ȫȡ֮Ҳֻܿţ޷ʹáҶԥһ£ҡҡͷ߳š
ո뿪޴ŻͻȻֻɱӿģħ
꣡
ѹħѪᣬͻȻһ죬챦ԩ꺣ɱҶɱȻһƣ
ҶһֻĴ첻ϴѪڲظһ飡


500 ߻ħ
Ѫӵѹħȹ̵ģ߻ħĹЧҶ̤׻лõı
챦ܶ꣬ɱ飬ʱҶʧأױɱƣ

ҶڷȫƬƬըͬƬһ㺮⣬ףŭȣħ³ⷽԲռ䣬ͳͳſ
εʮħ̺Хһʵǿ󣬿ླڴס
ҶɱڣĿһ̫мɫ͵һ䴩ŨŨе죬ͳͳնϣ
õľŶΪͻͽﵽƷľأΪ֮ڴǰ˴ħʱʵչ֣

ҶſڴֻΧʮĴرħ嵴ͬƲ㶶ݣһСɽС鱻˳𣬺Ȼ飡
ЩĿնϵ꣬Ťոոԭ漴صһըľ
ҶĿ죬ͬһɱͻȻչһѪᣬϸ߿գſһֻ糱׷ӿĿС
Щħǿߣ̲ޱŨΪʿԪͻܹʴ׵ΪҶת쾭Ҳ޷Ϊ
˿ҶɱƣлججֻһͷǾɱ
ɱ
ɱɱɱ
ɱԼܿκһĶ
ЩħľܱҶֱӴڣ֮УħʴΪ
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Ŷ֣ѹɽˮףеԼڣͳͳڿС
Ҷӻججѹ亹
쾭ı׶ʵ̫ˣûн׶֮ǰٶķ
ҶëȻղѪ飬ɱƣ쾭ı׶˳ױоŶѹƣ˿ֹ̿ɱ¾֮С
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ͻȻһҾ޴սӰʻݺҶѹȥҾ޽ǹʱµս֮˴󣬲֮ڵľ
ֻ޽֮Ув֪꣬ɱڣͬһ֧ѵصľӣ
ֻͳ׻׻ʣܽµĴ׾ۼһ齨ֲĴ
޽ƿգͬһɽգݺҶײȥԩ꺣֮ԱΪΪֳˡħϵûʶֻ֪ɱ¾κθԩ꺣ͳͳ
ܹޱѲ˺˵
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׵꣬ԦҾ޽֮ǿԽҶ飡
ΪֲޱŨҲҵɱǹʱħսսħʤ´˵ԩᣬɱ죡
Ŷݣ
ҶͷɱʱҲƲסŭһŶзɳȻ϶Ϊһѹ죬һױ׷ͳͳ飬ŴɽҾ޽ײȥ
Ҿ޽ǲ֮ľҾķӳ֣֮ǿ֮׷ӡ
ҶľŶõľŶ֮Ȳ֮˿ѷ
챦ײʱԲĿռͳͳ磬ӣ֮ռѣ
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һײ󶦶ʱѣһΪţͬʱҶܵҵķԪشͳͳ飡
ѰҶʹֱֶΣľɱƣ˼άûдǰôܣֻֻɱ¾
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һ˲䲻֪ٹҶϣЩܺգոմҶ⣬̱Ҷͷľſڴ赲
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˵Ҷſڴ󶦣ڲ֮ء
꣡
һ̽סһֻĲӣ飬һֻ䣬һֻı⡣
Ҷǵͻͷ˱ۣ֮УͬȺɱ䣬һֻֻ򱬣
ͻ·һͷɱ¾רΪսսͬħ٣
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һֻ޴ȭͷͻȻһ춦漴ȭҶŶط飬ݺҶϣҶɡ
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ֻ󽫾ŭһȭҶܣֻһȭؿڣླ۷ĴףһȭգŴ򴩣򱬣

ҶһȭϣԪ񼸺ѣֱֻӲסֻ󽫾һ˺˺Ƭ
ֻ󽫾䶯ʱָܻԭ״Ҷ״񣬼ŶѹӲ飬࣬漴Ŷ޴붦У
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Ժлججǵû뿪ԩ꺣ԩ꺣ĸȥһ·ɱͳͳɵɣ
ԩ꺣ǿЩܶǰʵѾﵽ𾳵𾳽磬ÿһλȸղλ󽫾ʵ
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ˡ
ԩ꺣ҶȻָһ˿ǣȻΪͻǣȻ嵽Ʒ۷壬ȴ˿ûпģ쾭һֿ־塣


501 С椣ô
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ҶŶʩչŶݣѹеգѹͷ궯ɱתߡ
ŶݣѹסԼħսɱȥΪĻʱŶҲѹס
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޵ħŮΧҶ߶Ҷľ۾ԽԽЦصķٵأѵ̫񹬵ķ֪̫񹬺ûصķšķȫ棬ѹ߻ħڴ󶦲Ȼסħóҿ
Ҷ񲻽¶֮ɫ
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Ħ楶̶̼仰㽫߻ħ˵˳֪Ҫ飬۽ʶҶ֮ϡ
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Ҷԣҡͷɡ
ķԼǰδУˣԼİѱҲڱ˵ϣ
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Ħɫͻ䣬ɱڣٴΰħĲϣЦɲ㣡ʹħԹԵĴӦң
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502 ƾ
Ҷ񳹵׶ɱĦϲŭ޳һޱΣյŮˣΪпҶһΪУ
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Ħ楼ɱ죬ЦһͻȻֳһ޴ķ࣬Ħ޻壬ǧ֡ǧ㡢ǧ۵ŮˣÿһֵֻĶһֻħۣݣͬħ̲ޱȿֲȵħ
ķۻ룬ͨߴֺҶİٱ֮࣡
Ħ޻ı壬ǧǧ㣬ħۣҶ񿴵Щ޴۾ֻЩ죬Щħ۵ͫа˾Ų֮࣬ɫ飬ƺɫĤˮľͫף֡
ħʡ
Ҷһݣ̻ʱħĦ֣ʱħһƷ٣ֵıֹħۣ
ԭĦһ壬֪ħʲôϵ
Ħ極ķޱӴ󣬱ͨླڵǿ߻Ҫ֪٣ԪȴһǸŮӣסڷüġ
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Ħ楻ǵһγôĿŭȻӿֳһֻֻƣһȣȭҶϣ
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̶һ˲䣬ҶҲ˲֪ȭţЩȭϣͬöһھ޴ͭӣ죬⻯ģΧ裬財
ĦŮ˺ԴȻҶʹһûжླķֻ񾳵ΪҶ쾭ۺľתԪʮ֮ǿﵽֲĳ̶ȣ
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ҶԶԶʵ꣬һű㽫ֻ𾳴飬ǧｭɽͳͳȵû磡
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Ҷ񿪿ڱȣҲ˲ԼݣҲ˲ûٴ߻ħֻ¥֣ŶԼʮͭ˷׷ӿֳȻһԽڣ


503 
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ֻ˻ڵ꣬дΪҶ֮࣬ĦླǿҪ˰ٱο˻֮Ҷ𾳵ǿ߶ҪֻĴ֣ĦҲɫҵԸǰ;
Ҷٱ֮ʣҴٸϸ㣡ǧǧۣʮޣ
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ٵأ̫ӡںϵҵ쾭Уҵ쾭һ֣
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У춯صŭֻ޴˺俪һصľվڰƲ֮У˶״£Ŀ⴩͸Ƕ˿ƺڿ΢Ȼ˵˵˻ʣ
һɫˣ˻ʣط֮۳ɵ˻֮ͬʣ
ҶѪɶĦһǰһ֣˵λ˻ʵȻֻ˻ʵָ⣬Ҳ԰
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Ħһ̽ץסҶ죬ڱǰ쭶ȥ
λ˻ŭһһ̽ȭͷһȭȭͷɽ֮ƺܺ飬磡
ʦ㣬ˣСɣ
ҶȻסĦ極죬Ħ楿ֻ˻ȭͷӭȥ
Ҷٱ˼Һĺ㣬Ȼңûģ
ĦƣȻŭħҶûͷûԿȥ
Ҷһлᦣһ߶㿪ħһǰȥĿⲻƣЦС椣ұѵҵֵ˻ʵȭͷٸҳ֣ݹ¶ˣ
ĦħЦ˵
ûзϣղץסҶ죬þҶֵ˻ȭͷ⡣
˻ʾȭһУȭʮİɫգ֪ͳͳȭ𣬵飬𾳵꣬Ҳûӹȭ磡
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ôǿҲŴǳսһͬСɣ
ҶֻǹɺȻһУֵܵղֻ˻껹ǵĴ㣬˴ץȴǶŭ㽫һȭ飡
ҶٱһĶгǣ
Ħɫ֣̿ȻЦһֻ֣Ǳ㶼Ҫˣ
Ϊβ֣ķ٣ҶĿʵ
Ħɫֺ̿ͲȻһɨգЦȻ֪ҵ
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Ħ楰һۣ֣ЦٻҵķȻɱȻɵһ𣡡
ҶЦһ֮Բ֣Ҳڵȴħʷ٣ɱ׻ʵĻȻһҫʮ
ĦŭĿӣҶ񲻸ʾɱ󶯣޵޲ȸɵԷ
˸̥ǰȥֻ˻ʾȭԽԽٹƬ̣󣬽ͳͳ飡
ȥ˻ʣʵ˿ֲһǿ˿ѷй֮޲ͨϹ˻Ҳֻ·һ
ҶĦ楶һۣҧгݣǿסʹɱﵵĳ嶯Ħ極Լٻħʵķ٣ᱻһ͵Ϯ
ҶҲڵһ֣ᱻħʵķĨɱ
ԳǵһҲıֶζѷҵȻһħŮӣĦȴҲֵҶа
˻ʾȭԽǧһȭҶĦ޿ӣ޿ɱܣһȭֻӲӣֵֻܵ
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ţйķ󳪴·ƵķӴ̷𷨡
ݴ⣬޼ڤڶѡ
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ޱ޼ʵķŨŨİдճһɨգֻ֮ڣһֻֻ߳Ƭ֮ȥͬϵĽͽ
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ڴ֮ϣһɮĿöзţͬȻתԪߵľ硣
Ժӿֳع½֣һת֮֮࣬УһƬ嫹ķУоġ
Ĺ½Ҷ֪٣Ѿأ½ֵĸ߶ȡ
Сʥصǿߣ
Ҷ񲻽ɫ΢䣬طԺĵף̲סҪһУţСʥϵĵӡ
Щŷ꣬һûԭɷüΪϣ׷֮У漴껯ǵĻ⣬Ӳޡ
СʥصǿߣΪ꣬ۼ£Ҷʱ²⵽ɮΪλԩ꺣ԩ꺣ĹŴʤڴԷȻЩ꣬һִ󹦵£ѹĹ½˸߶ȣ
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Զž޷Ӱչָ֣ҶĦƺҪСӬ
Ҷң
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504 ѹħ
Ħ楱üߣȵͺʲôм˵ף̿Դгư
ħСһԵĹŮ˻꣬ѵרΪ˶ԸүɮȻŭЦ
ķţԶʱķŴΪͬԶŷеǷ𷨣עԣԣԷȴοأеһ򣬱ɳɾͷŵӵͨ
ķţʧʿ׷ԲοءСʥѭ򽥽ƴɱټ
ɮΪߣ˿ûԶŷŵȡ
˻ʾȭ£طͳͳɢΣԵ˵Щ޷Ȼ꣬Զž޷ӰҲʼ˻ʾȭ·ͬ֩һ㣬Ѻۣ
Զž޷ϾɮٻӰ뱾֮䣬ĪĲ࣬޷˻֮Ტۡ
ɮ˲öԸҶĦ楣æԶŴֻ𣬴зţһȭӭ˻ʾȭһȭ˻ķλȥ
꣡
Զž޷ȭͷգԶһɨգһȭͬһִͨʮԶ
ֻɢȥһƵľ޴ֳ˻꣬ߴʮĿƲ֮УĿŹŷȭӡԼ׺ȥ

ſڴֻԶž޷Ӧѣһɺΰһ·ž޷ֱ۲ϱըգۼ㽫޷ըƬ߽⣡
˻֮ʵǿϣ˻ǰΪʵӦûһ֮ϣдĲ־Եޱȡ
ˣˣˣ
˻һɱ֮أ·һͷԶž޴л߳˵ѹ޷
үɱͷ꣬ٺԹŮ
ɮͻȻŭһֻֿݣͬɶͣӲӣԺתݣ֮УһƬ
ԽԽߣԽԽȴǽԼط뵽֮УͬһһȭȸղŵԶž޷Ҫǿ
Ľط࣬˻ߴһȭ󳪣Ժķ޷ӿעȭͷ֮Уӣ˻
Ϊ˻ܶԸң
һȭ˻֮ϣֻѪĽ˻Դ䴩
˻ͬʱҲһȭݺɮؿڣֻһ촫ɮؿڵ򴩣ǰ͸ǾתԪҲ޷⣡
תԪľԽߣԽǿɮ𾳣֮ǿ˻ͬ˻֮꣬Ʊ㵴Ȼ޴档
սȭȭ⣬漫ΪѪȣɮĺ£ʵҶĦʧɫ
˲δԶǱӰ漴ͣ¹
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漴װͰ͵ĿҶɱɭȻЦղžȻ˵ҵġҵʲôҶٱҲˣ

ҶзҰްĵͺѪţһɹɱޱŨͬһɱ١
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ҶĿԴ𣬰Ŀһ̫⼤иգڡ
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ĦһҶķı׶ˣ֪Ҷ˿̱ȻǱɱƣجج˱ɱҪԼ֡
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ĦһȥħһѪ漴ĨȥǵѪ˿Ȼղħ־壬ҲŲһƽϡ
Ƿġ
ҶĬȻƬ̣ЦҶĳСгɾͣȻر֮ʳԣ
Ħ¶һĨɫЦСгɾͣҶٱһ죬ԩ꺣̾Ͱ㿳ˣг˹
Ц˵⻰ȴһëȻĸо·һЦпܰҶг˹
Դʦ˻սڳսľ쾪춯ء˶޳ɲ֮㱻Ҳ̱Ըԭһʱ˵սֲ¡
Сӣ˵˭ӮĦĿƬսֻԲĿռ䣬Ѿ˴һƬ磬˻뱦Դʦվڻ֮УȭһɹɻϢ³嵴޷ӽ
Ҷһۣ΢ЦǻӮ
Ħ۾һЦǻӮȻ˵ǹŮҪǸͺ¿гһƬƬι
Ӯĺֹǣ
ҶͻȻоһ޵ϢȻԩ꺣УۿԴʦ˻֮սĲֻǶˣ˳ڴ˵أȴ֮


505 ˭Ϊȸ
˻ܹշ֮ͽɱ֮·һλıԴʦСʥصɽŻתԪ֮ǿ˻֮Ƴ⻯һܹ𾳵ǿ߱ȼ磡
ԴʦϵĲƸ¸ǲ٣ֻҪ˻ܾˣ˼˵أֻҪ飬ûж˻᲻ģ
ĦҲоЩֵϢɫأΪҶҪٱֹ̲֮࣬һڹսЩͻȻֵϢֻ࣬ϰˣÿΪǿ
ԩ꺣ôͻȻôˣĦΪ棬ѯҶ
Ҷǵһ֪Ƭսԩ꺣ȻеԵʸ
ʦ֣˿šһƬŨŨУһͻȻ
ֻ˵һſǳ貣ǳ֮ϣһòӵǶԪǳ룬ƿʮ
ЩǶԪ񣬹ʮ֮࣬ɴǶԪȡ
ʯǺ˫ĿעűԴʦ˻֮ս΢Ц˭ֻǡֻҪԴʦ˻սؼʱڣǱ̳֣ɱԴ
Ȼ޳ɴǶԪΪһ쳣ľأɴȣ
ǹĽǶľԽԽʯǺѾԶԶأνɲ⡣
󣬻мλߣΪɲ⡣
˴Ǵԩ꺣Ѱ׻ʵ壬û뵽Ȼⳡս
һߺǺЦԴʦΪСʥصɽŻųɽ֮УսһһȻ鴫
˵Դӣô˻ôǿĴڣڰԼվһƵ
սһˣħվһͬҲڹս
⼸˵ΪҲΪÿһλѷʯǺΪѾ޳ɷ࣬վһͷ˱۵ĵͻ壬İֱֻɢץסһ޴ת֣ħһ㡣
壬ȻҲѷɫԶ
ЩˣӦöǺħ͵ĵӣʵǿᡣ
תСʥǴͬˣҲһӵĿݹЦ
޷˭Ҹ
Ϊ˵ϢΪŹ֣ͬһ޴̣תĿ¶ɫɨˣͻȻпȥЦƽ̫ӣҲ㣡
дһߣֻһתСʥңҲ䣿ʥ˵⻰࣡

תСʥЦ챾š㣡

˵سֵģǿ߰ĦĦ޷չǧ֣Уħſ˷һӰħ֮Уɼ
ʯǺҲˣҶһݣĦ極ħע⵽ʯǺǿ֮Դ൱壬ʯǺڱؾʱǿ˲֪٣ɼ˵ʡ
ļϣã
ҶͻȻһ׷ҲĦ極ħ֮Уļ֮һƿãвȻ
Ҳԩ꺣߱Ȼ׷ɱҶֻԩ꺣УŨûѰҶѣˣ𾳵ϹڳҲΪ̵ӵ𾳵ʵڳôˣ˱Դʦ˻֮⣬ûĶֵ֣Ļ϶ֻᱻ
ҶаĦ極ħ棬ѷ𾳵ϹȻҲڰ׼͵ϮԴʦ
˵صˣԵʻᣬǱԴʦ˻֮ս
תСʥƽ̫ӣЩһȻҲ֡
Ħ楱Ҷ񿴵øЦ˼Һ뿳ءٱҪҪæ
Ҷ񲻽սæԶһЩڼҴ㣬ֱһϲŭ޳ɱ˿
Ħ楣йעԴʦ˻֮ս̶̵ֻս˻ͱԴʦĶΪأ˻ܴһЩԴʦԺķԼ⣬˼
˻Ȼǿᣬ䣬ָٶȽ֮ԴʦƣȻڱԴʦ˵ôĻ᣿
ԴʦҲΪ޴ľתԪȻǿᣬΪȻ˻ǿĴڽ֣ܴء
һδα飬Ԫط࣬ͬҲ⵽شܳΪСʥصɽŻıս転
һ·սɱĺպ
в֪ͬȼĶ֣ħĴҲмС
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սΪԽԽ߶ԽԽͣ˻Ҳ˺Ϊˮ
˵СɴСȻ춯أǿÿ£Ҷ񰵰㣬ǿȵĹԼУԿһУᱻӲ飡
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ǳŨХһǶԪ𣬻Ƕ󣬽ԴʦУһǶ֮УУмѹȥ
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аħͳͳԴʦͻȻЦȻһ٣ֻĴ֮Ƕʱֹͣת漴һȭתƽɣħױͳͳÿѣ飡


506 
Դʦ˻սһΪʣ޼ʵɲɶһȭ㽫ħħǿߵױͳͳɣ飡
Щױж֮ƽתħĲ֮ǰȴ·Сӵߣ˼ķֺ
Ƕǿ󷨣ҲһŲڽ£Ӳȵͣ٣
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ҶͷǣԹ𾳵ǿߣ֪𾳴׵֮ڸʥǣƾƱ㽫ҶѹԪסױ޷ã𾳴׵ʵ˼
Դʦʵ֮ϣѾط಻۷ǿߣ˻ʡ
ȫʢ״̬Щ˹ױֻ֣ŭһܽױͳͳ飬ױ˶ᱻ
Դʦȴֻ֮飬ɼ˻֮սĵȷΪ޴ֻдΪ࿰ླڵ۷壡
ˣԴʦ»شԪط඼˲Сʵӡ
񣬱Դʦֻʣһ̣ǾתԪѾ޵ڰ˲㾳磬Ԫתɣ˻֮ǿױ
Ҷܹ뵽һ㣬ҲǴģܿҲ뵽ؼ֮
ԴʦղСֶֻ̽Ϊȷľ޴Ԫط඼ش
ʯǺЦǹֳֻ֣ǹ߳һԵǶԪǶǿ֮С
Щ˶ǹ͵ţȻʯǺǰӵʮǶԪ񣬵Ҳм޳СǶԪ˴ӵʮʮǶԪ
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ڱԴʦ£һϵǺӣɳʣԪ
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ǹɱ󷨣Ҳˣǵ֮ӣҲҶԸң֣ǻ࣡
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תʥֻأ
תСʥħǿ֣նתϷת֮ϣ߶޴ת֣һɹɹħӿ뱦Դʦ֮УֻԴʦëƤԽԽƤͣգۼһλĽӣһͷֵַĺҰ
תתʥӵĪܣתСʥصĲ֮ȻԴʦֱӸıṹӲһͷ⤣
Դ޷ɱ㣬תСʥȴԣ
תСʥЦħǿ֣ԴʦĺҰȥЦҵתǲ֮ĽҴ򣬴
ڱԴʦϣЩ˵Ĺԭ޷˼Դʦֺ˿̽ƣʱתСʥ˺飡
Ȼȹױ
Ҷ񲻽ɫ䣬תʵЩëȻױԸı˵˴֮Уֹÿ죬˷ʤ
ĦҲأḧħЦתСʥеתֻһƷתתִʥСǽҵɵ֡
ħӣȻҰң
ԴʦĺҰתСʥ˴÷飬ֻʣطֻ࣬طŷȻһȭתɣתСʥ˷׷Ѫ
ԴʦѸٸԭ𾳵۷Ԫط಻𣬼תֹױݻҲ޷Ĩɱ
꣡
Դʦһ̽ץסһ޻ĲӣƷֻ޻ǿͣͻȻصһ죬ըһѪȴǱԴʦһץԪҲ
һֻǰȥһɱڡ
죬͵ϮүˣͳͳҪ
Դʦ߳ķŭɱ֮أԩ꺣еɱҪˣСʥصɽŻųսһ
ǿڰĸָ¶ͷΨֱɮɱƽ̫һԲ䣬ʧ
ڴʱ˻ʧȥ˱ԴѹҲɱ䣬ɱΧߡ
ԴʦЦһѽһǹǿץסӲ˺룺û˿԰үߣ
ô
ʱֻһϵЦöȻڱԴʦͷһư£бԴʦͷ­ֻɽľˣͻȻһѪŷɣطҲ˲⵽ش
ԴҲҪ͵Ϯ㣬ҪλɽŻ
һƻ鱦ԴĽ͵Ϯ֣Цֳط;ŶֻŶһط໳޶ʩչŶݣԴʦط䣬붦
С椣ǶˣҶⱬ䣬ͻȻ𣬼лᦣЦ


507 ĴӮ
Ħ⻰̳𣬼ֻ࣬Ħ޷ֳħХóȥ
Сӣ׼С椣ҽ㣬㣡вˬͷŭҶ
ҶһԲ߳忪򿪣Ԫ趯ͷ϶շԪһл֮С

չʮҶ񱬺ȣֱֻ۱סˣ쾭תӲӣһ鼡¡𣬳ŵƬƬ
гޱȵӶлᦣֻƮƮáԽɼͬһֹħм֮ת
һɫӰ֮м·ֱöȥ
ͣͣͣ
ЩͻȻ䴩գûصĿռ֮Уһ֣߳˲佫õطප
һٳأ˿˿ƵĻʶ
Ȼ𾳵ϹֻԪĸ߶ȣǿȣԶԶ˻ͱԴʦΪȱԴʦѷɫ࣬Ҷлеһٽطපסʶ
ûϵʣֻ壬ʶȫط֮⣬üɢ
ʿĻʶҪǻɢʿʶɢط඼ᱻ
ʼʵ˻ڵİȪħڵȥһ˿ǣ޷ԼǣӢţɼʿʶҪ̶ȡ
лᦵĹԵ֮ͬҲɼһߣȫתħ֮
Ϊ˱ԼĻʶѻʶط֮У˿͵ϮԴʦһٳɹ֮£ͬҶ͵Ϯɹ
ͣ
ط֮УõĻʶ⣬¶翵壬ʶӴһһСӳȤ
˭͵Ϯң
òԸԴʦһŶѹط࣬סʶҶ޷ԼĻǣ漴һ񣬽ͳͳ飬ŭҲ͵Ϯ
ΪޱּŶѹҶҲ޷Ļʶ֮£ʱƿлᦵĹ
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Դʦڻָ˴𾳵ǿͬҲԪ
Ȼ˵𾳵ϹԪط಻𣬵λָԪط࣬ҲΪ䣬ʵһβһΡ
֮𾳵ϹǿȴǰÿָһΣҪ֪೤ʱ䣬ָܻȫʢ״̬
Դ˻֮սŴαѣԪ飬ط𣬷ҲⷬأʯǺתСʥСһǿ͵Ϯɹ
αһΣ𾳵Ϲ֣˼Ԫط࣬Ϊʵһ䣬ֻʣڵΪ޲֪೤ʱָܻΪбŭ˼㡣
Ϊؼǣ˻֮ƣǾתԪǿĹҲڶʱ޷Ľָת۷״̬
ãү
ԴʦһȭţȻΪ䵽ླڣع½ּӳ֣ɱ˻֮ĹֻһȭϣʱĲ֮򱬣ը÷飡

ԴʦһȭݺھŶ֮ϣʱ󶦴ñһΪš
ŭ쳣ղŰȫΪѹлᦣԱԴʦĿǰʵ֣ܵش
˲ȥ˭͵ϮæٻؾŶȴڴʱֻһɫ´طಱӴбб
꣡
һڵħӸ߿պХ䣬һʱõطಱ
а⣬ֻԴʦǰһȭط°֮ϣ°򱬣
ô
óˣһֻȸԴʦֻһԼʵΪٽһȴû뵽ȸˣԼһֻȸе룡
δط಻ľأطǱ״ݻ٣ûлָĿܣֻ·һ
ͣȥæĵдΪԪŷԴֻŶ죬϶ΪһԪطԴͳͳУֱײ
㻹𣿡
һֻɭ޴ֶȻ֣һƺݺںһľŶ֮ϣʱſڴ󶦴ͳͳҶһһ˻֮ѹմѡ
һԭ㣡
һڴд÷ŭŭش˿λļҵľǿŭ죬޷͡
ѾҸɵҲһȥɣڻȪ·ϼį
ҶЦһȽȽŶץȥ㽫Ŷͳͳӡ

һڴ֮Уʮ÷׷׳˷ȥ
Ҷһ֪õý軯ɳдԪطȻ໯֮䣬Ӷݡ
ߣ
Ҷ߶ȶӡһţգۼǧúǧͳͳ񣬷ӡڶȶӡ֮С
ʯǺתСʥ˼״æ𣬷׷ʩչֶ˵ء
ܳһλǿʵ̫ǿˣ
ԽԽСҶжȶӡֻͬһ£ʶĿͷȥֻȶӡУ÷׷ױһ֮⣬ǧƵ꣬ǰ𾳵ǿߣʵΪǿ󣬿ླ׵֡
ȶӡУӡʮڰŻ͵ϮԴǿߣЩûüѣȴȶӡӡС
϶ˣǸ
Ҷвһɹɱ֮Ħ極ʮڤķγɵ֮УһͷͷԶžأ쳹
ɱķ꣬һȶӡ飬ӡзӡ׷ױľ
ʮħԼ·ǿߣҲûӳˣԪͳͳըҶƼ飬һѪ
һ˲䣬Ҷһɫɲ׿ŭȣֻһɹѪ;𣬹עľŶ֮С
Ҷɱ죬һ޷ƵѪ嶯ɱô˺꣬ħٴδ
쾭㻹ң
Ҷһæʮڤɢһɹ֮֮УһͷͷԶžƽϢ
Ҷ񲻽һңһʱħһǿֲƻ룬磬һƬ𺣣֪˻ᱻɵ
һޱգ쾭ı׶ˣ뾡ҵΪԽߣʵԽǿħɵƻԽ󡭡
ҶȡһԼʱƿĦ極ʮڤħɱܹãòҪá
Ҷ̧ͷĦ楿ȥֻĦתħնԴʦ뱦ԴʦħŮսޱȣȻ뱦ԴʦԹԹ֮ǿҶղѡ


508 Ϊ
ԴʦʵΪ˴򻵽Ԫط࣬ȻžָϾ˻Ĺõ͵Ϯش
СʥɣϲױֻעǵľתԪ֮֮ǿκױҪҪ̡
˴ܴأΪ轵侳磬ٱĦ極ΪʵֻһУԽħŮУ޿ӣĦôá
ĦΪĦ޻壬ϱһͷҶ񣬼ﵽ𾳲֮ĳ̶ȡ
ͨߴֺླڵΪټһħִħʵ֮ǿҶҪй֮޲ѹһһǿߡ
Դʦνǻƽǳ̲ԴǧͷһôǱ
ˣĦҲĶ֣Ħ楹ƼΪ񣬵ԴһȭԽˡ
λɮӲӣͷһ˲ֻ֣һӱзɳ뵽֮С
תתԪ֮ʵˣգ۹ĵһߵԪ뵽Ԫط֮С
תԪųؼǿľŹڣɾͼΪһָˡ
ԴʦǿΧֻʣĦһˣŷ޸ԪطˣָΪԪת޸

ĦڱԴϣֻԴʦȻܣЩܣĽ貣˺ۡ
̶ʱڣĽȻ޸٣ﵽ۷壬ֱ˻֮
Ľָ˻ʵǿȣôҶĦ楣ѹԵƣĦҶʹȫҲδ˵һָͷһƱԽͳͳУ
һԼǣүôأ
ԴʦЦͻȻϥͷ֮ϸֳһھ޴ͭӣ䣬סתһصķŷģɭȻүү޸ƣָΪүҪͳͳɱԴ͸ħʣ
Բѣ
Ħ楴ŭħ籩ԴȥֻԴʦͷͭӵͣħϣ׷ױڴͭӵ£˵ֺ
ͭӰ·ʣתͣСʥһʮӣСʥصһλ׻ˣǽӰҲԽĦ極ĹƵ¡
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ĦȥħֻͻȻʮԶħħ֮УһɹɿֲϢͬйԶŵħ
һ˲һħЩħ߳أò߹ţеͷ˱ۣеǧǧۣеЫβеıβ·Զŵħ˼䡣
׻ֲֿϢǵأѹһУʮħȻͳͳ׻ʼĴڣ
Ҷ֣󣬲ͣ½ŲЩħϣоһɹǿħ׻Ϣǿϣɫ΢䡣
ĦԼʵ𾪣Ħ極ʵȷ࣬ǰʱٻʮޣҶȻ޷ֵֻܼһ⡣
𾪵ʮԶ
ԴʦɫǾ䣬ʮԶħгֵһǿߣֱħɭħڤɭƽתָҮҮȵħħ
ϹʱЩħͳͳ׻Ĵڣħɭħħϵʥأ
Щħ׻ʣȥµֻǴ˵
ĦٻʮױӰоȻϹŵħʵ𾪣ղŵĴݲɡ
ҶʮޣĵʮʲôѵħѰʮħױ
ЩϹħȻǿ׻ϢҶûиоϢʮԶħӦòǽ˻֮ıҶŻ²⣬ʮԶħħƵı
ħѰʮħʮ־СҪħʮħͳͳһ򾡣ȡ֮
Ҷգۼ뵽еĹؼ֮ħʮħʮħĵͳ
ħʽЩʦʬͳͳڳƳʮޣΪľ̲ʮħ֮ԼƵʮȡ֮Ϊͳκħİ
ЩħʥĽ¶Уʮħеıѹʮħ
ʱħʵһ׽֮Уʮıټʮħǿ׻ʻݺ޵У
ʮһ׽֮ܽԶԶĽֻļҾŶֵı⣬ļڴʧڴ֣Ҳ޷ʮ޿⡭
Ҷ뵽˰亹
ħһͳħһ̱׻磬ʱ׻ʵʵʮǿĽ׻ĸʥض߽⣬ûп֮
ƽɲô򵥣ҪĲǲϣЩ׻ʣһӶ޷Ƴһħ׽Ƹޱѣ϶޷ϣħʵ׽Զ޷ɡ
˼֮䣬ĦѾʮޣֻ׻ʵϢأԲǧͳͳɢ¶Ǭʮħѹ£ʮ߳չ֣Դʦѹȥ

ʮӺȻ飬޷ʮ޿⣬ԴʦҲʮ޵ϢѹҲƵڣʮ׻ʵϢѹСգۼӰɾˣСɶ
׻ʵϢ룬޷Ǳѹ֮еȻԴԴԴΪϻָʵԽԽǿ
𾳵۷ǿߣκʱ򶼲С;ƿݣҲǿ衣

Ħ˿Ŀ߶ħֻʮħɭɭԴʦӿȥ㽫λСʥصǿ
ԴʦϥʮЦСѾͷΪɣȻѹүҪү㻹ԶԶ
Ħ߶ʮޣʮȻǽǿÿ£ڵΪٻʮӰʱһҲܲס
ԴΪĶԸ㣿ĽħʴѾǰǰǿᣬһնˣ
Ħ楻ħһԴȥֻ䣬ԴԴӦ䣬
ĦһϲֻԴԴոأ漴ɻңӿ֮УӴ漴ֳһֻԴ
Ħ־ŭʮͷ¶ٿԴԴ㳤ٿԴޱȡ
ԣ
Ҷлᦣɫ䣬ЩʣԴ
ҵĻʶΣ
ԴЦȵΪΣǣ


509 ն̨նү
Ҷлᦣ죬ȴ޷ĻǴг
Դʦʵǿᣬʶ֮Уǿ֮лᦶ޷ߣ
һ㣬˲֪٣Ͼýƾ޷ԿлᦣþŶԴΪΣסʶҶ޿κΡ
Ȼôǿᣡ
Ҷ񲻽զ࣬ĵ˵磬ֻҵӵнǿˣûжˣٽܹ˵ҡ
һԹŮƾǻ˵үΣ
Դʦ΢΢𶯣ʱȻվķзţӿʮħȥʮԶʮԶ飡
Ϊô̵ʱָֻ֣Ϊֱ۷壬ȸղʮԶԿʮд׻ѹɭȻ˶ãԼڣ
ҲŻն㣡
Ħ楴ŭͷҶһأͺ¿
òһ֣ұն
Ҷʱ߻ħɱ¾֮Уô׼һ⻯΢Цѹʱ䣿
Ħգգ۾һŽɵģһӣֻѹһʱ䣬ʱһҵ̫ʮ޵ӰͳͳɢԴ޷ƣʱֻܱУұȥԴĹ

ҶЦΪҪӣһӺҶȻͺ¿նˡ⣬ߣ
ɷ˵Ħתӣֻ˻˿ѾԴ
˻뱦ԴʦսһȻʵΪ𣬵ҲӵбԴǵʵ
һԴʦҶĦ楽ͷöټ˻꣬ҶĦҲ޿κΣ˵ᱻԴѣʱǱǿߵ׷ɱ
СӣղŻ˵ӵ죡
Ħ楴ŭĶ࣬תʮޣѹԴʦҶ񲢼ԩ꺣Хȥ
ֻʮΧƱԴ໥λɮѹƣ޷ʮ޵ѹ
ͻȻĦ極ɫٱ䣬ķǧſһֻֻħɢĵĹâֻĲֻһ˻꣬ʯǺתСʥƽ̫ӵҲ׷ȥ
Ҫ֪˻껹ǱԴʦһ޷ĲƸ䱦ԴСʥصɽŻ۵ĲƸ޷󣬼𾳵ǿҲᶯģοǣ
ʯǺ˶һȶӡ쵽һޱȿֲʧ׷׸ϻ̽飬ҶĦסԴʦһɡǵʱ֮Ż
Щһ겻ɢһڣ˻
ҶĦ極ħ֮УҲЩ˵Ӱӣһ߷У˻׷ɱһ߼¥ȡն̨ױС椣ǰ·Ŭһʱ䣡
ҽ㣡Ħ˻ħŭ
Ҷţĵǰ޷ն̨ҵΪƷ۷壬Ӧܽն̨˰ɣ
ȼԪ˿Ѿ׳󵽼㣬ߴɣΡΡ߿գ趯գȵķ
ҶȻԿħôΪԭΪֻܼлᦣǴ˿Ϊ˼ն̨֮ıǮ
Ȼն̨֮ЩǿҶҲ˲࣬һΪԩ꺣ʵΣգһ⻯ֶ಻Ԥϵգ߻ħʹòѰӰȫױ
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ԴϵԼҶ񵹲ʮģ½ֹ£ڱصã
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Ҷͣ㣬漴նɵ
ն̨ϵһױɹӡԼľӡǣֻʣһ̨ûм
ΪɼϵױļдΪѾԽ̨ɹ
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ҶƬֻ̣ԴʦԽսԽǿʮѣڽָʵ
෴Ħ楷ΪԽԽƲʮޡ
Ҷ񵱼ٳɣͷ¥дһ糱ӿ֮УԪɡ
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ҶֻԼķ֮ͣ࣬Хһķӿ̨֮ڣ㽫̨׼ɹ

Ҷ΢һ̨֮ϣлᦡնɵɼϡŵȵױ׷׷̨ϡ
䣡
ԴʦͻȻһȭʮͳͳ飬ʮħûɻңĦ楸ǱѪɶ֪
ʲôʮޣʲôʮħͳͳڷүĽ£ûħûޣֻˣ
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510 ½
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Ӳӣͬһŷ𣬲ûбɼѹ塣
٤ɼסѹòò֮ϣԴʦĽ֮ǿ٤֮ϣѾָ˻ܱ֮ɼѹȻվ
үǧٶ꣬һ֮У֪ٴˣʥ֮׷ɱʱգɰȻ˵һ񾳵СʥˣҲ޿κΣ
Դʦ磬ţַһɽһͬһƬ磬εΪ׳ۡ
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ƿն̨һ˲䣬·ԼͻȻһɫҶҶٱԶͥƿй٣նɱĿûаֵûûͬ飬ûмûгŪеֻĮ
ֻҪն̨ϣעҪնԪɱǷӡлС
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ŭһ˫۷ͼɼϣɼϵķӡ٤ܹɼϣն̨ɱΪױû˼
ʱն̨Ҷס٤ʱǿ˲֪ٱɱԴʦǿƥΰҲ޷ѡ
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Դܶɼסͨһķȴ޴ʩչ
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ն̨ϣȴ·˿ǡ
ն̨ƺרΪǿͨޱߵĸ׼ơ
ħͷɱң
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־δѹޱȼ㣬ֻıɳһ׷ӿĿУΪָ
Ҷţƽƽն
նһʱնɵԴʦͷն£
ԴʦЦһ£漴ĿҶɨȥЦƾҲնɱңҵΪָ𾳣ڡ
£һ˶Դ𣬱Դʦ˵һڡ֣¶һ˿㵣۾¿ȥֻһǻѪĲӿ
նԪҲ룬طҲնȥͷ­ʶǣͳͳնɵ

л𶯣ֻԴʦĻʶӽзɳ֮С
ţıʼֽ⣬ɢһ˲׻绺֡
ҵĽԪط࣬Ȼ޷ױ
˫ĿһڣΧѸһƬ谵
ô뷨
СʥصɽŻˡҶ˿ͥйٵľнѳֻڵʧһ
ն̨֮֮ɣ֮൱ͬʱ֮ļնɱԴʦĶ̶˲䣬㼸ҶΪĸɣ
ˣˣˣ
ҶԺ˱֡ر֡챦֡ҵ֡󱦽֡½̳֣¶ֻزݣһҵһħ֮һֻֻаۣ֮һаһɭȻľ󣬹ֻأħͬħͷħȰ
ͬǹ½֣ԴʦͬһԶŴ𣬶ҶͬһԶħ
ˣ
½ֻγɣֳ֣ҶͻȻһ˼ͨ͸ĸоѾõħ·һͳͳϢģɡ
ߣ֮ƺħͷаа
ҶԺߴתɢһʥаϢͬһӺħʥޱȣȴۼǧһ
Ħ楱Դʦɣش˿ѹƷԴնСԲԾСӣİն˰
Хն̨ȥһԴԴͽͳͳ漴ץԴʦԪط࣬ЦҳСûɢ׻ҲҪ˻֮Ԫطͳͳˣ
Ҷţ칦µİ֮СǴǰ϶Ħּۻۣ˿½ֵİԱԴĽطಢ
ֹ¼ĸоҶǺǵЦ΢һ£һգһѰѿ޸
ͬʱʹӡֻԼԪľ޴󣬼޷ͬʱʩչֹӡ
սּն̨նɱԴʦļѾ;ƿݵıԵ
ˣҶȻӡͣԶȴǰǿָΪֻӡʮֹ
Сӣ׻㲻ҪĻҲˡ
Ħ³壬㽫Դ׻ҲˣͷȥɴסˣֻҶգֳֿ츫ͷ˱ۣĿգͬһͳ¼һʥַϢ
ϢĦҲţԼ֮ƺҶһͷ
ֵϢôãʵϢƺҲ
Ħ極ı壬ҶԺ󹦵½תħ嵴ħĶУһУҶһиУΪҶܵˡ
һ̣жҶ˾ĽĽݣƺҶʲô£᲻𷴶Ե־
գ̲㱻СӸϢĶȻˣĦһоѹ˸ս¡
ղţЩҶԴʦǰʹֶȻ˵ֶΣȻԩ꺣꣬ۼ¡
ҶնɱԴضһĹ½֣ȱԴҪһ˲ŵĦ極־Ħ楲£Ȼ


511 ׻ʵ֮
Ħȡ׻磬ͻȻֻһֻץһ̽ס׻硣
Ҷ׻ȡԼ¥֮У˲ò鿴ʯǺ׷ˣ񼸺;ƿݵľأ²ǵĶ֣ߣ
ĦǧſʯǺתСʥƽ̫ӵ˵ζʱǧ֮УֻЩǶԸԴʦʱ䣬Ѿ˻סսһ֮
˻꼸ԴʣʵߣѣϾʯǺתСʥƽ̫ӶѵһǿߣʯǺǵ֮ӣתСʥǺħתĵתִʥ֮ӣƽ̫ӣƽĵ֮ӣǶǻѪͳ춼һ
Щʳڣʥ֮ĶӣݵλһҪʲôʲôҶΪԴĴѰѹΡ
ǵݵλ˻뱦ԴʦȵıƸҲȻĶѣƶᡣ
գ˻걻תСʥȥЩûмսٴҶ׷Ѱٶȼ졣
ҲԴش;ƿݣȷЩ˵Ķ֡
Ħҧҧ̾Ϣ뿳ǡ
ѹԴΪͬʧ޴󣬱Ҷò˶٣תСʥʯǺ׷סֻ׶༪١
ҶĦ໥֣ԩ꺣ȥ
ԭǵжԹϵĦ楱Ҷʹһ٣֮ǣҶҲЩնˣ֮Ҫƴһһļ֮£ȴǲòһԵ֣
ǰԽԽҶǰȥֻԶɽɽˮɽ续滨ݣҷ˱ǡ
ԩ꺣ģûһɱĴε꣬Ҳͳͳʧ
ԩ꺣ɱĵطͻȻôһŽس͵ĵط档
׻ʵ֮ءĦ楿ǰľ۾ͻȻһϲֵ
ҶĴֻһƬͣԩ꺣طྶͥЦ׻ĵطôû׻ʵϢ
׻֮ѹ졢Ծµƣǵأ޷ӽȴһƬͣûκεɱͬһƬԴ
Ħҧŷ޵촽׻ʵ֮أ˵ԩ꺣յĵطҵûгɾ׻ʱķＸ˵ԩ꺣׻ʵ֮д󱦲أϧʱû㹻ʵȡ㹻ʵʱıѾС
Ҷ֣ħʲôˣ
ǵһˣΨһһλ׻ʣ
հϣ׻ǵһĽɫӦڵǵ֮ϣûгɾ׻ʣĴʱΪʵӦö̫𾳵Ϊ˶֪׻֮صա
ħʵ۽缫ߣɾ׻֮۽ߣԩ꺣еıʥ֮˵¶˲ĺö
˵ԩ꺣Һħ򣬱ʮڴˣѪս죬սһֱ쵽·κϣԩ꺣طս֮أλ׻䡣
Ħ³һĿ⿴ǰ˵׻ʵ߽ȥ൱߽׻ʵ֮УɱУйŴ׻ʵʬ壬˵׻ʵڡܹõ׻ʵʬ壬ɱǺǡ
׻ͨƶܻʵʣȱԴķ֪ǿ˶ٱҶǰһС׻ֻƺʵĴڣ̾
СģЩдѣĦɫţæ
䣡
ҶͻȻһ죬С׻һɲǣͻȻоޱȳص׻Ϣѹ£Ϣ˳أգۼ㽫ѹǰǰ죬СΪ߲ߵͯӣ
ң׻ϢڲӣƺҪӲ飡
죡
Ҷ񱩺һת쾭չԿ׻ʵϢֹͣС
Ħ楼ǺǺЦЦҵ˵ȻͣһһʯһһľǹŴ׻ʵϢЩṴ׻ʵϢҺղŴһСһľ˵ͻᱻѹһССܻᱻѹ
ô˵Ҷŭ
Ħ楶ӣڻЦӣɱȸղſɰˡСܹܵԣ֣㡭
ҶðɣŪˣ񷴶˳ŪһΡ
꣡꣡
ת쾭ڽڰθߣգۼͱָ糣
Ħ楱ס棬˫ĿӣҶӸ£Ħ楻Ҫ߳Դ
ĦֻҶǿȵԼϣԼЩ̣æɿ㬵Сʱɰ˱㲻ˡ
ǰȥŲӯȣ·ղŵȻûзһ㣬Цҵ߹·߸߹ңֻҪߵ·ߣǵΣԱ󽵵͡תСʥˣͳͳȥɣ
ҶҲøղһЩԺߵ½תݣղŵͳͳѹ
½ޱȣ쾭ݣܹʵͬҲѹħͷ궯֮Ч
½ѹħֻʱԵģܳ׸쾭ı׶ˣҪŹƣҶֻѰ쾭һ·ߡ
Ħ楣СӣСô
תСʥͻȻЦȻǸͻĻѪԶתСʥѪͳҪѡСҲѡָ߹ѪͳһͻĻѪ
һ˵ٶȼ죬ת˲֮׷ҶĦ֮⣬ԩ꺣ģ׻֮⣬ҧסҶ˵Ϣ׷ᡣ
֮϶ҶǵͻĻѪΪͻͷ˱ۣȴûб˫ᣬҶһᣬΪҶڻħһ壬Ѫͳ
ȻʵԶԶȲĴĴ壬תСʥҶһıġ
Ħ楣ѱԴĽԪط׻ͳͳƽɭĽ飬ҷһ·ƽ̫ͬʱ֣Ƭ֮أɫ΢䣬Ȼϳʲôط
Ħ楻ͷӶߵ㷢ЦתСʥƽ̫ӣн㣬еĻǣ
ʯǺĿռһƬĿסҶҶ֣㻯Ϊħ仯ɵͻ壬ѵΪͿ˶Ŀһֵһ̣ұ뵽һҲ
תСʥ۾һĿҶɨȥҶٱѹôԭӵѪͳӵһѪͳϧѪͳעҪҵУбŮˣҲҪͳͳУ
תСʥЦƬأߵħȻ˻ͱԴʦɱһʣˡ
һ˲СĴһ̲ݣһ㱻׻Ϣѹһ࣬ԪǡʶױͳͳͷҲûʣ°


512 ħΪ
˼æ˳׻֮أɲĿƬأǿתСʥҲ˵ء
׻ƿٳ磬еһһľһɽһʯ̲׻ʵϢп׻Ϣ
׻Ϣѹħ壬Ѫͳ߹ΪֺͨʵΪ׻Ϣ棬ȴû˿ķֱ֮ӱѹ飬ɼƬ̲صǺεΰεȰԵ
Ҷ񴥶һС׻ֻǱ׻Ϣѹ߲ߣȴֱӱѹԪʶͳͳ顣
ɴ˿ɼ˵ʵΪҪҶѷɫ֪١
ĦЦ׻ʵ֮أһһľ׻Ϣײܴ⵽ѣתСʥеӱ׷ҶٱԴ㿳ʱ⣬Ҷ͸㣡
ҶŭĿӣĦ楻æСЦǿЦģƭЩĸҹһһǣ
ҶЦãתСʥڶУͬЦã׻֮ΣأһʱƬ̼䲻С
һ֮أֻҪĻľ׻Ϣ԰ȻΣ
ʯǺһһü֮Уһɳػһһģһߣǧ֮࣬׻֮ȥ
ླ󾳽磬ء࣬ߵΪѾླĵڣ޳ɷض࣬Ϊǿһһ߻̲һַΪ
ЩС׻֮أܿһһľ׷ҶĦ極ķȥ̽һȫͨ
СħŮϷߵߣҵҪ᲻ŵҿҶٱԴ߸֮󣬹Ц
ٻСĴ֮е׻ϢѹҶĦ楽ӽ
תСʥƽ̫ӵ۾һͷ̽Ƭ׻֮أȷһΪ׵İ취գԴݽѰ
ǵʵҲʩչ̽׻֮أס
ƽ̫ЦһƬ֮أ֮Цƽд̽˵أһͨкѣ
ҶķλȻͬһȥӦλ̽ķλħʴΪͬ
Ҷٱǰ㣡ʧȺɽ֮С
ͻȻǻߵǧͳͳ飬һɹֻ̣ʣһ˹վԭأ֪롣
ʦ壬Ͽ˳ʯǺɫһæȵ
׷ʲô£ǻ߶ͷ亹򣬼æˡ
ʯǺǹ֣Ƕǿֻǵ㣬ſһƬǿգǾڸԵǶ֮ϡ
ɱģ׻ʵĽ
ʯǺ֣߶׻֮أ󲻶ϴ֮еĻľһɹɳص׻Ϣѹȴɡ
ʦ壬Ƭ֮˵λŴ׻γɵأ˵ǰĽ׷γɵء
ʯǺ߶ǰӭλߣСֶǶ䣬ҵƱǿա
ţγһƬ嫵ǿգ׳޼ͬʱǿһǺӣԶǿ⡣
λŴ׻ʣĽչֳǰ־ΡΡȺɽľͣʵȴɽɣУвԤϵգ׻Ϣֻһ棬Ľλ׻ʵĽ࿹⣡
⻰˼֮С
ҶҲͷѣʯǺǵ֮ӣһĸ֣ûͼʶ
׵ݻأĽ׷йء
Ҷ쾭ݻأ죬ղƬежҶϢ
ĦʮڤƱչֳʮڤľ
ݻأ̲ͬΣգҶݻأа쾭ֶصĽر쾭ǽƬ֮Ув⵽쾭Ĺ
ֹ֮صĹ
ǴĵĴڣҶԪҪ⵽Ĺǿȣ൱Ҷȫһ
Ƭ׻ʵ֮أͬҲˣߴһҲ⵽ƬصĹ
ҵǣλŴħ׻ɢԪҲڣ˼ǿĹҲ൱׻ʵȫһ൱۷˻ʵˮƽ
ˣĹǿȣҲһ۷Ĵף٤ǿߣ¶޷һ
ֻֻʾ˻ڵľǿߣֹȫˡ
Ҷ뵽ؼ֮ĵλ׻ʵ֮ƬصĺλãֻŻ⵽Ƭǿһѹħûȡλ׻ʵʬǡ
ʯǺӭλߣӭı֮УͻȻֻߴԭأӿһɹɾŨޱȵħͬһŭΧתڣѡ
˫ץشƺʹ˻ѡ
ʯǺæͣ½Ųֻߵһ˫ԽԽԽԽͣƤһ׳ë˳һ˿˿Ѫ
ֽԽԽϸԽԽԽԽһ࣬۾ͻȻѪ죬Ťͬһֻ˶
ֻ˫˫㣬ָף䣬һſŷ
һѪᣬչһͷ𣬹Ц˫𶯣Хϸ߿ա
λ׻ʣǰʲôĽôһ˱һҶоЩëĦʵ
ղླڵľͷȻһԱһͷ𣬲ܲëȻ
ӦתĽֻر
Ħ΢΢üҵһ·ϽλŴ׻ʵĽĨ൱֮пٳһȫֻͨҪͨ룬ΣԱ󽵵͡ƽ̫ȻҲ֪һͨĽҲѲסתСʥǿߣñȣ
ౣ
һֻ޴ѪЦתСʥ˷ǸղǸ˵عǹھͷ
׻ʵֻرѪ֮Ϊǵû£ȴǰǿᣬһɹħ嵴תСʥ˵
أ
һתĻӵܶʱܲסԪͳͳħըһѪ
ħɨǹһЩĵӣҲ飡
ѪѪһգתСʥ߻ץһӵܳϸ߿գйЦ
תСʥŭһĳֻһ޴תڿն𣬺ͷ޴Ѫϡ
Ѫһӵܶ£ҶĦ楳ȥ
תСʥסӵܣͷȥֻɱȫѪԪ꣬ͳͳͷѪһɶòŭ쳣ʯǺŭĿӣʯǺĺ񣡡


513 
ѪħҶĦ楳嵴
Ƕ˵ޱǿᣬ𾳵Ĵףħ嵴Ҳʼ޷κǡ
ѪſѪ죬ſҶҧȥ

ҶԺתһҫ֮أ̽ͷѪץȥ
Ĺ½Ѿ½ֵĸ߶ȣȶӡʮֹʱΪֻʣɣӡʩչǱȴǰࡣ
ͷѪһƷӡ֮Уͻײֽ֨֨У׶ײȶӡα㽫ҶӡײòѺۡ
䣡
ȶӡ飬Ѫչʮգ̽צҶץȥ
ླڵǿߣȻħΪѪ𣬵ǿȻƿҵȶӡ
ҶץסԼ˫磬ֻͷѪ˫𶯣ϸ߿գҶ̸ͬƬ֮ϣᣬҲʼ޷Ҷ֡
ȻħתΪĻʶӦûڣ㣬ҵľŶܣԵõҪĴСǶ
Ҷ΢ſڴ󶦵죬̳壬ȻϣһڷԲǧɵľ޶뵣ֳ½Ư֮У½֮ϣϹзϢ
ͷѪ𼸺û˿֮㱻Ŷ붦У˲Ϣ֮䣬㱻ϣԪ͵࣬ͳͳ붦С
漴¥߽⣬һ׻磬һǶͼǿ֡
Ҷ̽ץȥͼͳͳץУ漴ѻǣĻǼͳͳȡ
СǶ
ҶЩߵļ䣬ͳͳһ飬ڻԼҪĶ³һ
תСʥ״ЦʯǺСʯӣҶٱ򣬴ӿ㻹û̵֣ܲס
ʯǺһĿɭȻҶ
ʯʦ֣ɱֻһͷѪѡҶԸԳãЦ
ʯǺ˿ĿԽԽ䣬ȻѪ𣬵Ͼʦ壬ǹˡҶٱɱֻһ·ߣǾһһ
˫ۣһֻ۾̲һǶһֻ̲ǺĿҶֻ󷨵ʱŤʱ䡢ռ䣬ҶȻ
ʯǺĿ⣬Ȼһʱձ˺ѵĸоĿ֮£ҶܹоʱţռѣƺԼʱܻᱻʱս飡
ʯʦ֣ܵʯƣСܵСҶУ޾̫ӿ̫⣬ʯǺȥ΢Ц
õСǶֲ쾭Ŀܣ𣬴ʯǺһ
ౣ
ͻȻԶһƬѪ죬ֻֻ;޴Ѫħ죬һɹħȻضʱѣѳһǧ׵֣
֮Ѫླ۷ǿߣѪʵǿᣬҶҲħѪӿڣ
ЩѪȻǴǰ̽˵صǿߣ֮йͬѪ
ߣ
Ħ楲ɫæҶ׻֮ص񱼶ȥ
תСʥ˼״ҲëȻæǰ񱼶ȥ
׻ʣһתֻرıֻر˵أ˵ֱҼҵĺ԰λ׻ʵʬǣֻҵˣ
ʯǺ΢΢üҲǹƬ֮Уӵǿ󷨵֮Խʱ⾲ֹֻرŽкܴĿá
ҸӦڵһսǳսضķҶٱǻȪħڵĺ֮㣬ǵ֮ӣΪһ֮սԤԤһ
һ·ǿƽǹˣƿѪȺҶ֮صȥ
ҶĦһ·񱼣ߵȺɽڱܿѪȺ׷ɱ
·ǻȪ·Ȫ·ľͷֻأλ׻ʵ֮ءսԩ꺣ԼԼ֮У϶ԸѰԼʬǡҵߵ˻Ħָǰһխʯףɫأ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻʯ׼һ֮ϣƯڰ֮Уѣͨա
ʯ׵·ȣ˻ӿʱˮ´˻֪ʲôڴӵ򷱻أһ使˵ʻ㴫ֻڣƺľͷԼһƬƮ̡
Ǳ˰˵Ե˻Կеı˰ԼԴܹͻеƿ
Ҷй˰ֻһ꣬ı˰ͳͳĳڹ̣ˡ
ȪӵȻǧ˰һƬĺ
Щ˰ѵҲ׻ʵϢҶ૵
Ȼġ
Ħ楿һۣҡͷȪ·ϣ˰ֻڽʵ˵ֻû˿ôַֻϲ񣬲Ҫ˰磡
Ҷţ̽˰ץȥͳͳԼ¥УֲЦҲá
Ȫ·ϣǧҪͷᱻΪλ׻ʵԣ⵽⡣
Ħ֣µҵʱ˽߹Ȫ·ʱѾ𾳵ĴףΪɭ޵ĴͬеģҲͳͳߣҲǴǿߡʱ·ϣһλͷûԴԪԴҲͳͳժߣֻʣһͷʬ壡ԣʲô飬ǧǧҪͷ
ҶȻʧЦ㿴õŻͷô
ĦȥֻҶϳĿԴϵ£˷޲۵ףȻҵҲû˵ˣתСʥ˿ºܿᵽˣǾȪ·
һ޴תһٴ˵أתСʥҶЦĦ楣׻ʣ϶תĵ֮УұǴ˵صߣߵСŪϵıأͳͳ͸ңԹԵҵŮˣҿԷһ·
²Ϊڣһ㣡
Ħ楳ϻȪ·Сӣָ˼ֵΪ
Ҷʱһֱ߶쾭ԼΪԵָֻҡ
ĦҧҧҲָֻɵΪתСʥΪҲڻĶ֣þȪ·
˽ŲʯףǰȥֻµĴ죬Ȫӣ׻ʵϢ겻ɺԡ
ȪУһ߾߾޴ʬӺӵ׸ֳƯںϣ֣̽׷ҶĦץȥ
Щʬ壬ͳͳûԴ·ǱסӣԴժȻ󶪽ˮ
ڻȪ·ϣأ̲סͷ󿴵ĴסЩУ𾳣٤ǸεǿߴڣΪ˹ҲժԴԪط࣬


514 ͷŮ׻
ЩͷʬԭڻȪӵף˿̸Ӧ˵Ϣ׷״ӺӵƯˮϣ֣̽ϵʯȥ
ʯţȴûŶգֻƾƯˮϲʮɸߵĵطʯխֻһͨ
ִֻ֪ˮ̽׷ҶĦץȥëȻ
Ħǧſħһħ⣬֪ٴֶڣǰѴò񻰵ħʯؿУѲֱ֪նϣȪ֮С
ҶҲͬʱʩչֶΣӿͷԣԼΧУһֻֻּϡ
ˣûһߣЩͷʬ־ȪˮĽݣΪǿ󡣲ҶĦһ͵ţһħ֮ŮնЩʬƻ׾٣ླڵҲⲻס˵׷ױĹɱ
Ħ極ħǷƥ𣬵âգ𾳵Ĳп

ͻȻĦ極ħһֻ۵Ĵ֮ϣħǲ֮һ£Ȼûнͷʬжϡ
ѵһλͷʬ壿
Ħ楼æ۾ȫԴֻһʯµĺϣֳһ޴ĹʬʬǼΪ׳٤ȣ£ϸۣһ鼡¡ֹǳѳĹǵһʮɵЫβͣ߸Ժ
ǰӦһλ٤޻Ĵ֪ʱ
Դ֪ʲôժȥӦ˲֪ãȻɢһɱϢɱڡ
ڲͬǣʬƯˮϣλ٤޻ĴȴϢѹմѣ̽Ħץȥ
¥𣡡
ĦʧĿֻԼץƺܺ͵ֵ
Ҷͷ˱ۣĲԣæŶײֻͷʬЫβ͵ľŶײŶĹͳͳ赲Ĵ̽ٶ˿Ħץȥ
Ҷ񱬺쾭תһѪֱ֮жʱһɶߵŶʽȵױͳͳΧ衣
һ˲۷壬ֻͬʱһգ֮磬ӭľ֡
ҵײҶ񼸺ʯףȪ֮С
ڽ̽Ħ極Ĵֵ£ѪڣæסĦ楣ǰ񱼡
ʯ£һֻֻץץסҶĽ󣬱ͳͳ顣漴ĴץҶ粽С
Ħ楣ʲôֵط𣿡
ҶŭħһħֻħգΧʯתƷ׷жϡ
ʦҵ׷ûʱ̵ңС󣬶¥̵Сʮǰ뿪ɭȻûл
Ħʧǣ૵ʵ˵ȥˣʱҾӦ뵽¥Ѿˡ
ͷ¥ȥҶ̽һֻ֣סתͷҪͷ
ٱҾͿһۣһۡĦ楲дſĲ
ҪͷҶȣ
ĦĬĬ
ת̫ӵ˴˿Ѿ̤ʯףһ·ɱնһֻֻ̽Ĵ֣ת̫ߵĻ壬˿Ѿʣ޼˻УǱԴʦɱ˱ǹһѪɵֻʣˡ
ҶٱˣôɤӴвܻͷ
һЦѵʲôǣʿҪ۹·˷ֵĶں棬Σգ
ͷȥʱһ˫ѩױĴ̽˹סĲӣһ࣬ԴֱӴӲ
ֱӱժԴԪ񡢻ǡʶҲ˫Ĵͷʬ˻ΣȪ֮Уɵһ߸ʬ
ԣҵͷ
һĵ̾Ϣ漴ʲô
ת̫ӵëȻղΪߣѾ޳񾳺ڣתĵӣӢоӢ˵ԳΪµĴȴĪȪ·ϣ
ʲôװŪתԣһ־ŭͷȡ
ղôçײȼԼƵħױסױһڵħ̳ħ̳ϵħΧһħ衣
һ֮ķ֮ӵмǿķħ̳һ𣬱ħ̳зɳתԵֵ֮Ĺ
ոתͷֻѩױĴٴֱ̽Ӵħ̳ķĲϣһᣬԴ
ԣҵͷǸ̾Ϣٴ漴ʲôٴδ
Ī֣Σת̫Ҳսͷ£˻ߴ𣺡йŹ֣Ҫͷ
ʣսսվڻȪ·ϣȽŲȣ漴һֻ̽סһ˵Ľûз֮£Уʧ
Ƭ̣ʬ帡һûԴͷʬ̽ת̫ץȥ
ת̫ŭһһ£ĵ÷顣
ٱ㵽׿ʲô
ĦΪ޷죬˿Ҳľսû˴ǰĴݲȡ
ݴܣõ죬ǸصĴڣʲô
ҶĬȻƬ̣³һ׻ʵꡭ
׻ʵꣿĦ楴˴ֻš

Ҷһ׻꣬ûԴ׻ꡣԴÿһˣ㽫˵ԴԼĲϣԲʣʱ㽫Դ飡ѹ𾳵ĴҲڴ˴һͷ׻꣬ɱʥǿˡ
Ħִ˸սЦСӣһƭҶԲԣʲôܽ׻ʵԴһֱڻȪ·ѰԼԴ
ԻͷҶЦ
ĦһҵԴһʣǲûͷˡ
˵ܺʣλͷ׻ʣǸŮˡ
ҶЦҺǣԼûͷû۾ôֱתͷġ⣡
Ҷͷ亹£ʱ뵽Ϊαһתͷͷ׻֣϶ԷĲӺԪط඼ϡ
Ŀ⣡ܹӦ˵Ŀ⣬ԲŻѭĿԷ
еԵʣĿ⣬Ŀϣ̱ӦƮȻԷѶԷԴԼϡ
Ҷ񱳺ǿԴ۾ſֻλµͷŮ׻ƮȻɱûɢ
ȶˣӻ߳ľŮӣַ·Ǵ˵еŮһۿȥ
ϧǣһλǵľˣ˿ԴԹ̫أɱ̫أһƲ־γͷ꣬ڻȪ·ϣѰԼԴ
һ̣Ҷһ˫԰׵̽ҶĲȥ
ۣ
Ҷһæ۾ֻӿֻ޴ƯڿУһֻֻ۾Ŀ⾼׷ͷ׻꿴ȥ
Ů׻˫ͣĲǰʧȥ˶ĿĸӦ漴ƮȻЩץȥ


515 սȪ·
ͷȻûץҶĲӣҶȻܹоɭǵĲӴݵȫݵԪ֮Уϸ֮УԪ񣬶ʶױҲͳͳᣡ
ͷŮ׻ʵץסĲӣһ࣬ƱرԽԴժ£Ԫɱɢղλħû˿
һֻֻ޴֮۱Ů׻ʵץƣȴûѰԴڿĴεȻһ֮е鶳ᣬ
˭ҵͷ
ƮȻ£վҶûԴڴ
ҵͷҲˡ
ӣյҶǰ߽
ҶֻͷƤ飬Դ۾ܸоһɭɭԼƮĦƮȥ
æ˫Ħ極˫ۣ彩ֱվڻȪ·ϣһ
ʯ£ȪУһ߾߸ʬ׷չ֣ץסҶĦ極˫㣬ҪˮС
ҶƺһԪֻȻչࣴգ̸ͬգ֮ԿȪеĴ
оԼߵħŮ΢΢
ΪʲôҲءҶЦ
Ħ楸оʱȵϢԼĶϣвЩң漴ŭ̽šһ¡
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ͷŮƮƮΧƮƮȥ
Ҷ΢ֻ۷𣬷׷תСʥ˷ȥ
ģҶٱô𣬲úתСʥ˴ŭ׷ʩչ׷ױЩƮͳͳ顣
ңתСʥԣѰ·ҶЦ۷ȥǵء
ͷŮӸӦ۵Ŀ⣬׿ҶĦ楣תСʥ˳ȥ
ҿ۾ҪתСʥҲǴģ뵽ؼ֮˫ۣȵ
һ˷Ӧûü˫ֻۣͻȻʧĴԪصҶڡ
ȻͷŮ׻ʰƮƮ
ҵͷͷŮӿժԴԼĲϱȻһ£̾Ϣ漴Դ顣
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ҶЦ΢΢һֻԺ֮Уһֻ޴ƿգƬ̽תСʥץȥݷ׷ֻзɳ̽צתСʥץ
ҶҶٱѪͳ̫΢ʸ񣡡
תСʥȻ۾·ܹܣȻһֳԼȴһͷ˱ۣ۵ĵͻ壬Ҷһģһ
ҲΪǿᣬֳʱѹգֻе׵кҶ£
תʥ
һȭֻȭͷ·һ޴̣תҶ׷׽顣
ʱͻȻоʮ΢ϢӽߣЩ΢ϢȴһСĽɫСһϣСצ̽ȥƤ
תСʥԴһ£һħһ𣬽ЩСͳͳ顣
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תСʥԴٴһ£֪Ȼ磬ЩСĽԣûбƿζܹͬ˵ֶΡ
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תСʥ뱩ŭ֮У۾գǰȥҶĦ楽ӽɱڡ
תֻ޴תַΪֻأתġħתĵһתʥĽתʥϣȪħڿʦһϵҲֻأ֤ش䡣
תĽȪħڵֻʷ·𣬵Чȴྶͥ
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תСʥеתһ𼶵ķƷɵתʥƣķ׷ݣǿһ·ϽץĴ֣׷顣
Ҷٱ͵Ϯʲôú׻磬ߣǵʵǿף
תСʥƳ죬һ޴ķͷ˱ۣĿգ˵׻ܹ㲢ˣʮںħҲģҲʮȪ·ϣһʤѪѪͳĻ
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С椣ұİȫ㣬ͨȪ·ԸתСʥ
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ͬͳתСʥתʥ
תСʥҹƽһսõȵΪָȫʢ״̬ʱ㳩սһ
תСʥЦɭȻȵ㲡ҪҶٱҲ϶ٰɣ
ʮֶֻԺ䣬Ҷ̫ӡʱ߽޷޵
̫ӡȻҶ칦ӡУǿ̫ѾԵһתʥ֤شתʥȱ޵飡
ȶӡӡȴû޵ܣΪ߽⣬ش֮ʱʮ˶ʮֻ֮࣬ʣ¾Ŵ磬б죬ųƾ졣
ȶӡӡû飬ҶԿתСʥĹˣԪפգɵֵסơ
תСʥ̫ӡֻȭͷҶؿڣͬӣ죡
޴ͨҶ壬ﵽĦ楱ϣͬʱܵҵĳ
Ħ楷ħնϻȪ̽Ĵ֣ǰ񱼡ҶվתСʥӲӲ˶ͷ˱ۣͻ֮ޱǿᣬڻȪ·ϴսתʥ칦ӡײմһѱ
ÿһν֣γһ޴ĺڶͳͳڶɡ
һ׺ɱһ񾳺ڵǿߣླڵľͷش
ҶٱΪûлָôǿҽôʱˣ
תСʥĿգȻתתֺХתҶ£ЦҪ֮УȻŰɱ㣡


516 õ
תգֻ黯ʧֻʣһ޴ת֣תһΪת֣Ϊͭʯֻ֣תת֮Уÿһת֮жһţκţת֮·
κߣ޾ԩ꣬Щԩأˡޡޡ񡢵
תСʥǿЧصױ㱦Դʦ۷壬ط಻ӵ˻֮ľǿߣ⤣Ĳ
ò˵תҶءױ˷ʤΪٸߣҲпױ֮£ݺһͷ
תСʥʼʩתԸҶ񣬴㽫֮УȻݽС
ϾҶΪǿϾδ𾳣ԴʦѲܸԭ
Ҷٱɣ
תСʥЦֻһֺķҶ䣬еκߣӿţ򼦹ǻֵԩ꣬ͳͳޱ޼ʵħ֮С
£һҶκϣֻһɹħԩ飬ӵҶȥ
ҶȻԩħڣıҶṹҶǿҲ޷ԭ״Ƥ棬һëʱ޻
̴ֹ¥طӾŶķӡ
ұȰնˣ
Ҷվκϣһ޴ն̨ڿն𣬰Ʈ죬ķɳһתСʥȥ
תܣҲɵ֣ȽתСʥնˣӳתַΧ

תСʥֱӱסһ̳ն̨ϣͷɼϣ֮ϡ
ǿҶ񣬵뱦ԴʦĲȣ˺ԶҶ߶ն̨𣬱Խסɱ
ն̨ͬҲһΪױתһ˹Ī
תСʥ˿Ҳ֮ɫȴնɵһԼԴȥɱûɢеס֣Ҷٱס֣նң㻹ǻһӶ޷ָԼò
նɵͣĲϣתСʥһ亹ڴʱҶվκϣҲʼ죬ת
תСʥ˿ֹͣתתֻҶԩħָǣҶٱױƱܾˣãҴӦ㣬ȵΪָȫʢ״̬ʱȡױҲҵת׻֮صһ
ҶҲԼתһӶ޷ԭͷ΢ɼϴ򿪡
˸߳ԷױΧԱ˴˶ɵ֡
ĦڴͨȪ·ߵȪӵľͷ̤ʵأͬҲ˿ͷ߳㲻õͷŮ׻ʵ׷ɱˡ
̧ͷתСʥĿⲻƣЦתСʥ̵Ϊڣٱ֣һܽ㿳ˣ
תСʥǰȥ߹ֱ׻֮صЦĦ楣Ƭ֮أһСͷɵȻٽ㣬ҵŮˣ
ĿޱЦֻҪƬ֮صҵֻر޶λŮ׻ʵγɵعҽλŴ׻ʵΰҶٱָΪΣ׻֮صҾƬصˣɣ
ҶĿתСʥȥ³һתСʥȷǿڻȪ·ϣ·磬󲻵òȡʯٵļƣôͶಫ
ֻʹתеһӦûֶΣָΪﵽȫʢ״̬ɱˣʮɵİգ
Ҷʱ쾭ı׶ˣߵ½ѹ˿̣ľȱǿ󣬲ηηβâ¶κһս
תСʥܼΪǿ󣬵ҶҲĽնˡ
ߣתСʥǰ棬ƽ̫ҲѾ˻Ȫ·Ѿ֮ص
ĦħɱڣЩ򣬳ŽشΪڽǰţǵÿǣ˹ɣ
Ҷ󲽸ͷȪ·ȥֻʯڳĻȪ֮ϣͬһߣˮȺʬͳͳʧӦѾˮףȴһ˵ĵ
Ů׻ʵͷ꣬ʧȪ·ϵĳ֮У˵֣ѰԼʧԴ
ˣ
һǶǿͻȻڻȪ·һˣסʱգʯǺ֮Уǹ㣬һ·ȻûһɥƬ֮ء
ЩϻȪ·漴ˮ׵ͷȺʬַ֣׷̽׷·ϵǹץȥ
ЩǹӵΪΪǿͳͳǶԪڵǿߺʯǺҲܰȻ߹Ȫ·
Ҷٱҵܵܣߵ޷ӳǹ׷ɱʯǺĴҶС
˵ʵתСʥĦɫأ
ҶͷʯǺΪǵ֮ӣʵǿʳڣǰػһ֮ȫˣʱʯǺȴǰǿ˲֪٣ֻٴһбܣ˵ûߵĻᣡ
ʯʦ֣ǽܽ㣬ǲ֮ĶԹһʹҶվڻȪ·ϣʯǺ˿ȥֻǰŮ׻ʵͷٴγ֣Ӱθ󣬲΢Ц
ҵܵܣ֮ĶԹһʹɱҷʦ壬ðǹ˻Ҫһ㡣
ʯǺڴݲȣ֣˱㽫ˮ̽һֻֻ飬ȻˣҶٱ㻹ԷΪǹҵǵģһҵǰΪ飬һ

ĦһЦǹôļӣٱԷΪѵǹΪԼµĹͳһ׻粻ɣ
Ů
󵨣Ȼǹ֪
һħŮˣƨҶٱӦƬ֮أҪһʬǣ

ǹ˷׷ŭȣ߸ʯǺ΢΢һЦҶٱΪΣ
ٱܵȡŪĦ楹ƻ
ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬܻܵǣ֮صǹΧɱϾ˶ڡѾתСʥƽ̫ӣαضһ٣
Ҷ̾˿üչεǹĸֲݣ֮ǲκκô
ĦŴ۾Ҷ񼸱飬·һʶһ㣬ЦҶٱû뵽ȻǵС֮
Ҷ΢Цû磬漴¥ʯȡԴ̸̻ɽ̫ӳһսһֱʯƷԼ¥УɲԵȴܣͷܴȥֲҩġ
ʯʦ֣ڴˣʦֽסҪˮУ
Ҷ񳤳˿һףʯԶԶʯǺȥֱ̫ӽʯӳ֮أʯǺͷɹȪӵĶ԰¡
ʯǺ˷׷׻ͷĿ׷ʯƵټ
Щһˣ߰ɡҶ֣ĿĦЦ


517 ķ
ٱ㻹ٻһôĦգգ۾Ҷ񣬼ǺǺЦ
ʯǺǹӻͷһɲǣʱĿ⾪Ů׻ʵͷꡣ
Щܹ֮صΧһ·ƽߵ˵ǵʵΪǿ󣬱ϾҶĦߵĵ·ħٳİȫͨƽ̫ҲаȫĽ֮·תСʥķ빹Ƭֻرͬ
ֻʯǺûЩƣЩ˾ȻŴǶǿ󷨣һ·ߵӲһ·ɼЩˣǹӢеľӢ
ҶҲ˵ԼܹӲƬ֮أһ·ƽĴһͨ
׻ʵͷǰЩνľӢ·ֽͬһ㣬ͷŮһᣬժȥԴûаֵķ֮
գۼ䣬ɥͷʬ壡
ǹӵܴŭǳǹֻɱˣûɱң衣ںħĦλħ֮ŮҲȻһ϶ӡ
ǻǵһγ˴ɵˣȴûţǼױʩչ׷ͼ׷ǸͷİŮӺȥ
ǵĹƲννǿδŮ׻ʵͷǰеױе׷еͼͳͳ߽⣬ɻңڡ
Ů׻ͷȻûʩչκ׷ױգ·һĪԽκױ׷飡
ڶ๥ͬ߳ľŮӣ̽ѩױƣסһǹӵĲӣժԴͼԼĲϣȴһ٣ٶĽЩͷ­飬̾Ϣҵͷ
ҵͷ̾˿ѭĿһץȥ
ʲô
ʣµǹһƬླڵĻߣҲգۼ˱ͷժȥͷ­ͷʬȪ֮С
ߣס
ڻһԼеǾ߶Ƕ޷ˣŮ׻ʵͷȥȵҲţǹҲ˲
һ̣ͷ괩󷨣κιߣ˫ĲϣԴժ¡
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ǹϣͬɶ˻֪Ҳ޷ˡ
ʯǺ˫ֲܵʯµĵطһֻۣҶͶ󣬽ʯֱͶȪӵĶ԰ԷģתŻȪ·񱼶ȥ
λʦʦ壬ǵĴһҪҪҶҶٱѪծѪ
ŭ˼㣬ĲȻܹ뵽ҶʯԶԶΪıλͷİŮӳ֣Ըǹˡ
ΪҶٱ׹ȻͷŮ˾ͻֶԸǣ
ٶȼ죬ӰȪ·ͷ񱼶ȥͻȻԺһ뵽ؼ֮Ҷٱתͷ
ͷŮ˿϶޷ǣתͷʱԸӦǵĿ⣡
ʯǺдϲæͣ½Ųתȣͳͳۡ
ԭأûаѻ˵꣬ΪȪ·ϿտյֻдȣλͷİŮ
еǹӣȻһ˲ͳͳɥ
ʯǺĬȻվڻȪ·ϣͻȻһ˫ۣתȪ·ͷȥ
ҶĦ֮ͨĵ·ϣ˽оһ˿˿׻ʵϢϢΪأǾ֮صԽԽϢԽԽء
ˣ·Ͻ˸ָħڤǡ硢һ𡢺Ѫءȵ࣬ħ׻ԼԪֽ⣬ԼǰΪ֮䡣
ħʿͬʿԪԪ̫Ԫ֣ħħħ࣬Ҷ˵ȴû˿ôҪħ֣ñʴԼΪ
Ħ˵ȴһϵʥأЩħƣָΪ
λŮ׻սԩ꺣ƻƬأÿһÿһݶ̲Ϣز¶ܹܵ׻ʵϢ˵֮ص϶ʬҶĿЦ
ĦһҶţЩĲɣͻȻЦ˵ǹЩ˱һǣ᲻ȫû
ҶҡͷЦ˻ʯǺܴǲӦٶȲ֮˵ţֻҪ񣬿϶ֻܹȪ·ƽ֮
ǹǿΪɵʯǺһˣ֮һս˴νԩ꺣ǹ̫࣬Щһ𣬴߶ǶԴʦ˴У˲Ϣ֮ϻ꣡
ԱԴʦʵҲױ㱻תСʥס⤣ڱý
ңǹӺǶеǾԪͳͳʵΪǿ󣬹ǿԶԱԴʦ˻֮ˡ
ԣΣҶҲҪȼʯǺЩ˵Χûжʤ㡣
ֻмһ𣬲ܿ󷨣ɱЩˡ
ٱĿʲôӣҲӵеͻѪͳ
ĦĿҶϣЦһôãһ֪Ŀһ㣬һСİ㿳ˣԩ
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ʹ׷Ҳǽս׷ǿᣬȴԶרΪɱڡ
䣡
תСʥڹ¥֮ķһȭҶϣתֺХתΰҶɣ֮ǿŤҶȫͳͳŤ飬Ѫɣ
ʮͭ˺ն̨ȵױѹҶתСʥһȭת޵Щױ֮ϣֻҶ񵱳ᱻ򱬣
ǿ൱Ϲ޷Ԫǿ߹ױѹתСʥҪһȭ򱬣ûܣ

Ҷ˫ᣬٷɻأ磬˲һֻ̽סתСʥ°ͣݺȥ
תСʥŲסһڵأҶץһ濪޸ȥգۼ֮࣬ѪɽѪޱȡ
Ħǰ󣬼⸱Ѫȳ棬սæͣ½Ų
תСʥѣͬչֱֵۣȻƿ⣬ȭͷҶؿڣȫͳͳѣػɡ
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Ҷٱò˵ѪʵȷΪǿ󣬲ˣԪǿߣֶΣɱңǣѾ޳ľ磡
תСʥЦѪ䶯ݣ˱ѾԭҶȥɭȻӲ³ֻһ̲⣬ȥȡ
СʥȷʵҲǿϧ͹ҵǿ󣡡
Ҷ΢Ԫ¥ޱȰȵѸ޸ˣΪԽߣ¥ԪԽ磬˿ѷϹ
վͻȻĴ죬ʲô
ҶһĶʮͭˣܲסתСʥĺΰתСʥ鷢죡
ʮͭҶ̫ӳлõıȻ֮ǿתСʥʵǿȣȴԶԶ
תСʥʵ̫ǿת޵ʮ֮ͭϣʱʮͭ顣
ͭ飬ζͲ٣ױҲתСʥ飬ҶתСʥ⡣
ҶٱҲĸ֣
תСʥע⵽Ҷԭٶȱ˿һͣ½Ų漴ЦҶȥصúϧǣһὫһδδ飬ܸԭ
ٴγ嵽һͬԶ߳ľޣȭȭ⣬ޱȡ
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λһۣûм뵽תСʥУתʥͷ­ȥ
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£̶ֳȵĽ֣޷롣λҡͷ
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һӿڵ˵˵أΪȡǶ棬ȡױĺûᣡ
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漴嵴ɨǵ˲֮ʱѪ߽⣬飬ͳͳɢȻ޴棡
ҵ˵ıȻȪ·ҪֲΣգĦһħ嵴ɨȥγһ޴ĺɫԲ⼱ӣճƬƬ̮ںɫԲ֮С
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ħ˵ֲΣգʥȻһƴ飬İƷƬû˯ѵ״̬֮Уκ˽ӽʥƬĹ


526 侮ʯ
ʥȻֻһƷĽܾ춯أеһͷ­Ƭһ𣬱㽫λ𼶵Ϲ顣
µĦħʵΪֻǰȡһƬ˳ת
Ůʥʬɢ׻Ϣԭ֮⣬һԭ򣬱ǸյʥƬ
ʥͷ­·һױƬѪ֮üſòأԶħ֮࣬ӦתŮʥԶħòɡ
ħһУ嵴Ħ׵壬⵽ħԲĳ
ֲֿħܽԪ࣬ͳͳ˺飡
ʮڤ񣡡
ĦһȻֳʮڤħ磬ǰ漴һس绪ǣʮڤ֮ϣȴħһֽ澭
ֹһŽֽڣĦ楽ܣӲ࿹ʥħͳ
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Ħһ˲ʱ䣬ӣҶתСʥҲ״˷ֳʤæǰ񱼶ȥ
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Ҷܾ޴ķѪֹѪԴԴĦϡ
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Ҷ״׹һʽȻɫӵתСʥȥЦСʥڻȪ·ϣ侮ʯûҿԸ㣬Ҳһ˲٣֣
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תСʥ˴ЦɭȻҵķȻɱһΪѾת޵ҵ֮У޸ҵƣҵʵ
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תСʥܣԼϣһת֣ҶϣҶȫ飬ɶ


527 ȡʥ
ĦҲҶЩçײתʥ̫ӡҶȴһٶʹӡѰ·
һ̣סˣֻתСʥվԭأһҲҶطüģͷ˱۵ĵͻԪ񣬴˿Ԫͬһ㣬һ
ͬᴫȾһ㣬ѷüһֱ죬鲼תСʥط֮Ȼ
䣡
תСʥط೹׷飬߽⣬һأ
˭Ǵ
Ҷ޸ˣվߵתСʥ֮ǰŶһеʬط͵ͻԪƬͳͳ붦УЦ㣬Ǵҵ̫ӡԪɱնط࣬ҲŻ֪תʥƣȻӡһδ㣡

лᦴҶڷɳתСʥԶϵġն֮£𶯣ŬָתСʥԪ֮УĻʶһƾг
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תСʥѪ䶯ƴһΪԪľ磬Ԫ
ԭŮʥϢǿΪ磬Ԫ۷壬Ԫط౾޷Ӵӽ
ֱ״ʥඥ˺ΪءټҶս֪̫ӡԪط֮вССѺۣ˼̫ӡѹյĵݣ壡
Ҷٱɱңһֵҵһ̣һۿҵĽ£תСʥѪ䶯ͷ­Ŭָŭѡ
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ڣǿ֮£лᦽתСʥĻһٴԪг
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ٱ˵ز˾ÿߣɱСʥתĵתִʥºܿ
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Ҷ۽Ǽûж˵ĵҵľǣ̻һΡҺ٤߳棬Ǳ׷ɱ߶ûиϵ֮ززһʱʱ䣬ܴɭħϵ˼䡭
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Ծôռ䣬תִʥӦò֪ǵ˺δ˰ɣҶĿЦ


528 ħŮй
ԩ꺣һλĸߴĵͻӣת߳ޱһ׻֮أٿһ߳ԩ꺣
ĿϹ죬¹۵أӻȪĿصɣң˷һУ޲С
ֻ֮ͫУӳΧеĲȻ䣬һѾƽĿռѺ۳УĦգȻ޸һɲĺۼ
ֺۼѰ˸޷֣ͻУȴޱȡ
䣬ûһܹɱҶԴѣ
һ粽߳μ֮Уʧ
˻ʵʵ޷ԴѾָĿռѺУץ˿ӶѰ˺գȥĵط뿪ʱ̫ռ䳹ƽ˻ʵ׷١
ĦҡͷתִʥʵӦúܿ׷ٵ
Ҷ΢΢ü˻ʵǿѾʶһΣļҵ˻Զݣһֱֻ֮̽ĺɽ׷Ҷ̽ħ֮СҶٶȹ죬ʱ϶ֻ˻ʴֵƿ֮¡
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Ħ楽һЦ֪һطޱȴСʿԽմƣڴ˵زԶǸطĿռۼ飬ʤҵʱһλ˻׷ɱǿ֮λ˻˦ѡ
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ĦǰȥЦ˺֮ǰѾ޳˻۷壬ϧٳûһɾ׻ʡҵɾ׻֮ȥѰ𣬲ָͨ󣬾Ȼǰ뿪ָҵҲҲټ޿κΡ
ָҲһ˽ܣҶ񲻽̾
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תִʥ֪Ǿȥ²˳٣ߣ
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Ħ極󣬻˻֣ŮЦѰһϹżԭѾˣԱҵһ֮ء
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ĦҲҪʱ佫ԴʦĽطһ⻯͵ڶط࣬˿ѷҶһҪԽ
ҶϥһڷԲľ޶Ͽգ·޶֮УһƬƬ½Ư֮Уֻأҫ½мǿ½֮ϣʥͷ­ʽѹƣʵͬȸ財
ƽƷϣнÿһޱȣԶԶϢ֮ȵȱߣȸ绢ƾˡ
нˣЩںϣ˸о˿

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ŮʥƽҲ뵽ҵı֮аɣ
ȻƷĲƬ飬Լı֮Уܣ


529 ٻ֤֮
ѵͷҶ̫£ڻŨ֭ˮҶķ
ʥתŮʥеĲϼΪ߶ˣнĲҲǿѰıЩϱҶ뱦֮Уܶһٳ嵽֮۷Σ
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ʮһ㣬µ֤֮ĸӦУѾʱظӦ֤֮ĵز
Ҷм֣ʮһ
һֺεǿҸоױ׻磬׻Ľ޷ܣ٣𡭡
֪ҵΪܷٻʮӰ
Ҷ֣ڣȼշĸӦǿٻ֤֮Ӱ٣
֮Уһɺããħ򴫵ݶԽϵǶؿռ䣬ħԽԽ
֤֮ӰҶǿ
⣡ҵΪԽʮӰٻ
Ҷͷ亹ǿٻ֤֮ĵΪ޷㣬˲Ϣ֮䣬㼸ΪĹ⡣
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ӰɢȥЩǿڲŸ¶ͷ
֪ٵǿٽǿг嵴һɹεķ籩
ʲôֲ̫ˣ
ֻӰʵ彵٣ֻ»δߵҵߣὫѹ
ؼô˿ֲĴڣ̫ˣ
飬һҪ飡ӺζǱ˭ٻ

¹ĦڽԴʦĽطͳͳıСӣҷǵð÷ĸԸҽ㣡һˣҲҵĶ֣
³壬ֱҶıչ֮أлϲֱ֣߿Ŵ˽ȥ
ڵľɴ˴ֻҶչ֮Ѿȥ¥գæȥĴѰѱڣȺɽҲûзҶټ
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Ħ楲ܣǸָԼüģʱһɹӴӵϢݵĴ֮С
Ϣһ׽оתԪа˲֮࣬𾳵۷壬ΪȱԴʦִڣ
֪ҵ⻯ǱԴʦĽûоתԪ޷⻯ķϢԲŽҡ
Ħи֣ãȻһ̾ȡһ鱦΢ҲģŮȥ͵ȪħڣסͽҶҶٱһҪֽУʧ
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ĦĿ뿪˵أĵҾתԪһؾʮħʴ䣬ҵķȻĽӦöķ׶ˣá
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ͻȻĦ楿Ůæ˻вһϲЦͣѵǳСӻˣˣ
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׿Խϵ»飬ٵ䣬һʥĸо
Ħɫһ죬ЦʲôСӣС̣ôпյˣ˻֣ǰŮȥ¡С̣롣
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ҵڹĸɭִ֡
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һתЦѾͷղ˵ǸСӾ˭ת⣡
Ҷ˵Ħ楴Ȼ
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Ҷ˺գ뿪ħͷһֻۣնڽպϣĬĬС椣ߣǲòߡΪʵڲɱ㰡
Ѿ޷ҵħ޷ѹɱˣ
Ҷſŭ˫ĿóһƬͬյüڻ˫֮У̫⼤͵һƲ񷣬ⳤնֻ֮ϣʱȼգӰ֮ң
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ҶУգͷڣԪٵյûһƬŻԶޱһ
УһſǳһڣһǶڻһ磡
Ħ楷ӡеʮڤҲһڣŨŨ֭ͭˮ
Ħ極ϹżУҶָΪ֮󣬱㷢쾭ʼƵУٶԽԽ죬Ϊڽڵڰյ
ʱҶ㼸޷ȵɱ⣬ǿĦһ뿪
ȥ뾡ȥҵӦʦֻ֣ܰѹħ


530 һ
ҶѹħʱѣʱħͷһֶܹԼɱ䡣
澭ʵ̫ǿƣѹķСҲ޷֮⣡
УǳڣһſŻǣŹỤ̃׹䣬ײڴ֮ϣγɾ޴ĿӶҵÿѣ
һľ󣬿ֲޱȣԪҲصĴ֮У֦Ҷݻƣǰǰ٣
Ŷݣ
ҶԼָѵһ˲ѹԼ磬ס˴պͰͷڣڿУҲסҲһɲֹͣ
һټױԼΪӡ
Ҷ˿ĵԷΪӦÿݻ߻ħߵȪħڣ
쾭ڲϵת֮УΪԽԽǿѾƽԪƷ
쾭ںķٶ֮죬Ŀ࣬񾳵ĸֻʮϰĿޣǰһҶԪƷȴֻһʱ䡣
ƮȻأȻҶԷΪȻŨܣޱȳңⷽԲʮһʱȼܴ졣
ԪƷƿٳʮľ󣬽ս
Ҷվڴ֮Уаʮղ޷תƣֻҪ쾭Уһʮִջһ֣
Ħ極һʱ˵ʮղұҵԪ񶼻ȼգˣὫջ
Ҷ񣬲ţʮղĵزһξ룬ֻ;ŶѹƣȻݻصȪħڣӦڵ
Ӧڵͨ쳹صΪ޷쾭ķı׶ˣҲ԰ѹħʹʮղҲ޷˵ֺ
뿪ħֵĵطǴƵľڣȪħڻһμΪңԶľ롣
Ҷʵǿδ˻ָ߶ȣ۷˻͸գλ磬ѸҳԼȥķλӶԽռ䣬һ
ҶδﵽֲΣ˴Ӻħ֪Լںεء
˴ԽգһСĽն֮أϡͿ¼׻粢
ҶǰȥԷΪ޷˿˺ֱӽٵȪħڡ
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֮ҰһƬܣһжȼգһǧĻεΪ׳ۡ
Ǽ߻ħҶҲԸԼԭһ·ƫƧ֮أԼ𣬷շ˵Ĵׯǹƽɱ
ģԼɱˣṴͷɱɱ޷ƣħ
߹һɽӣ֮أɽͱճɰ׵أ󽭴ӱɣɽ֮жгɵɽǾҲͳͳ
ʲô߸ĸǰŪͨһɽУХɳʮʿףЩ˷״Ϊ徭վڻ֮ʵ
ﲢǴ߸פأһЩ߸ѰѰǡǡ˵أв߸ĵӷζ׷׷鿴
ͻȻһ̥ʿ𺣣ҳƬ𺣵Ԫףո߳ٲӿһȼգԪ̥ɻңֱӱڻ֮У֮Ҳһջ
λ߸ʦֻ֣·˵أ޶⡣ҶվڻУƽ͵
ѵԪףһͷгɵĺɣ
һ߸״ЦôĻƣͷѾԪڣڣܽԪɵڶԪ⻯
еһͷ룬һҰǧ¶ޣֵں֮ϣ
һ߸Ц͸̫ӵ£̫ӿ϶á
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󣡡
Ϊ׵߸Ѿ۷壬ʵߣһХ޵ؽͷ£
ʮ߸ʿ׷׷׼ױֻЩͻȻڿУʧۼӰ޷ǵ١
΢΢ζͻȻʮױȻϢ𺣺ȥЩױ֮֮ҲԪ֮Ϊɹۡ
ǣǺοࣿ
ҶͻȻſڴ³嵴ֻһɽһ׸ߵɽͷҶһϣɽͷϰգ漴һ飡
Ƭɽͱһ𣬳Ĩƽ߸ʿ׹Ҷױںһ飬Ԫ֮Ҳ⣬ͳͳ촷ۣ
ɨ֮ʱ߽⣬ʮ߸ʿֱӱ˴ࣱըʬ޴档
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Ϊ׵߸ľսԪ⵽شˣѪϣȴδ򱱷۶ȥĵ˵ؾȻһͷҲӦ֪̫ͨӣ̫Ӵ츮еĸħ
Ҷһʮˣɱ䣬ͷɱ궯ĵǴǰҲˣҪСԷΪǱ߸ǿ֪ڴ˵أ¶ˣ
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Ҷŭһ˴μѪвһѪĳ嶯޲;ŶſԼΪɱ䣬ͳͳ
Ҷһæѹͷ궯ƽ飬Ժһ˶ĽתѹŰɱ
ˣ߸ǿ߿ºܿʱ֪һܲܶħ
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ɱ߸ʿ뵽ȥ
Ҷֻ߳ǧأͻȻһϤֻͻȻһߴɵĽɫ£彥ޣʧڿ֮С
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531 ħɱ
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Ҷ񳤳˿֪˴ο޷ưոݡ
߸ĸʵΪǿ󣬴Ѿླڵ۷壬ԶǸղЩʿܱȡ
ʵ߸Уڸ߸ĸǵƻʣ
Ҵƿ֮ʮƽǵһ֮ڱؾĳλڵľͷƽ츫ͽ˫֮ͬԿļ춦ѹɼ˱ܡ
ЯȻ˫ͬһ߸ϵߣ·Ļпȥ΢΢һɫ΢䣬ʧҶҶٱ㲻Ѿɥõôô㾹Ȼû
޷𺣣ҶĿõ۷ǿߣΪޱ񣬶ʱ𺣣ĿҶϡ
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ûļУ춼Ҫɥڴˣ
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ҶϣҶˣӴľ죬ȴû˼Ҷֺ
Ҷ쾭ۺǿĥķţǿߵ֮תСʥתŮʥϢΪڵľͷ֮δܽ˱ܳ׷ӣȻ޷κҶ
ҵĽ˫ôҲһԪڵĴףѵױã
һĿҶеĴ󶦺֮ϣЦһֻﵻȻŭ𣬾ԳҶ֮У̽צҶľŶץȥ
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Ҷ֣ԽԽǿˣǿÿ£
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Ѿڵ۷壬Լླ
Ҷ֣»ҪлһٶһܣûļôΪ̫ϲӸ£Ҷһɱ΢Ц
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ҶЦԼ˫֣૵ڻܿסԼǸϿ뿪ߵԽԶԽãĲɱˣǲҪҡ
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׷û֣ԲСۣͬʵʣˡ
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Ҷ˫ֲֻǵ׷ͷ£Ҫͷ
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޾̫ӿޱߵĴӿ֮У̫⼤͵һֻ׷֣߸гΡ
ΪʲôҪҡ
Ҷеૣͫ΢΢ζ߸飬ԪҲδѣ
Ҷٱ㻹ɱˣ
Ȼŭ˿߸ľӢ֪ٸΧҶû뵽ǣ£ҶȻ޼ɵĳɱˣ
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ͬʱȣʩչȫ߶˫ﵣľȻŭʮ֮У̽צһץסһץסŶ赻Ĵ󶦣㽫ѹҶħױߡ
Ҳɱˡ
Ҷƽ֮УΧ۽Ǽֻѹסʹ󶦣ױҶ硣
ҲǺǣҺɱˣɵеˡ
ױ뿪Ҷһɲǣͷ·һ˲õɣ϶շУƬУǳĻ򣬴׹䵽Ĵ½֮ϣҵѣһɽ俪ؿǣӿ֮ߡ
ҶͻȻֳޱȹЦݣЦӵͳúԽԽ
ˣ޾ûֻ𶯣Щ׷ױù룬漴ըһѪ
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ʱƽ֮ڵĶʮ죬ͳͳ⣬ɽڣʮ˸𺣣
ɱ
Ҷ񱬺ȣֻڴһſͷ­һֱۣ

ſ˫Ѫչʮɳ̣漴ֱץסһֱץסһŤ֮š黨
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ҶЦȻʹ󶦣ѹ֮У˱ۻζгһ濪󸫣ݺʮ죡
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ڰɱ˰
Ҷ˫һ̫ϲȥٶȼ죡
챣̫ӣ߸ྫӢӵǰػھܣһԪ֮գɢƴƺͲͬȺɽ̫ϲ;커룡
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ҶЦУԪ趯Ƭд̳봩գЩ߸ǿߵԪ֮У֪һ˲⵽Ķ֣Ԫеͳͳգɥ


532 ̫
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߸ǿƿӡʹҶγɵ磬ʱħֵͬҰ׿һһ
Ʋܿƣǧ֮أһƬ𺣣տûһƬ
أ
չһ߸ֵԴ飬漴һȭȭƵʮױȭ˺Ƭ
ҶЦУִ趯һ볤ӵգԣЩ˵Ԫͳͳ񣬸Ԫ֮УЩԪе㱻Щһɶ
ͬ߳Ĵħа죬̶̼㽫̫ϲ߸иͳͳһ򾡣
˫񶯣һѪԽԽͬѪƣգһ̫ϲȥ
̫ϲھ֮ϣɫ䣬¾Ȼŭ𣬷ΧҶ·ɣצӿ˺ɽͣβܹɨƽһɽ赲Ҷǰ
̶ʱڣྫӢͳͳɥŭƽվ֮ϣֳֻһߴɵط࣬ȫ߶ʮ˲ƽݺҶײȥ
Ҷٱû뵽ȻǺħħ壬ѹѪɱħ壬˵ö֮
ط޾ء࣬ۼӵޱȣӦһطࡣ
ͬʱڽ˫޸˫Ҳǲ֮ӵвʣܹ޸ȻҶŤ黨û˼ĸ
ֳط࣬ͬҲɸߴﵻ˫˫֮ϣֳβΪޣ˫񶯣ʱХҶȥ
߸ͷͬʱ֣Ҷʹ
ҶչסΧԼľ֮еİͳͳ󱬣漴һͷ­ſڴ𣬽һѪԪͳͳԪա
ɱ
ҶЦԴ˫ۣ俴ŹƽͻȻſһ£һʮһ㱦תɳԽԽԽԽأߴɣӭƽ

ײһɹϢĲӿȥʱռطɶȻײ˰
Ȼ֮ܣȴҶľŶҪǿƽǲ֮Ǵ

нޣҶ£ȴڴʱֻ󶦷ɳײգۼ϶Ϊһһְľ޶һͳͳ붦С
ɫ䣬߶ʮڽﵣϼͨ죬Ҳ޷ý˫ﵰѾŶݵѹڶС
ճ𣬺Х붦Узɳͷڣ׷̽צץȥ
Ȼ󣬽ڳ棬Ũͬ֡
ҶȻֵΧ£棬㽫˫
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ҶٱϵģҴƵ̫ӣҶΪУ뿪˵أ
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ҶĿ죬зëȻĹЦ漴ֻࣵһ죬̫ϲѪըʬ޴棬ֻʣԪ
ͣ
̶ܴ׷״̫ϲԪ֮УԪɣ
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ܿ͵ǧɴСʵǿᣬֻѱڱű
ˣҶҲеĿֲŵѿһĿĵ˺ۣɫѪϴӿ漴ܴ
ǴǰȻçײ˿Ժлججֻ֪Ϊʲô¶ҸɣӶɱ
ɱ
Ҷſڣһ;Ŷѹͣһǧɣǧɣǧɡûãߴɣطͬһߴ
꣡
һɫĴ޷ɵĶƣͬɫ˿ֵȥͬɫŭצ
Ժߵ½֣ЩӳȤ
ƬԭϽ棬ѣֻƬر˽ֵನ¡¡գۼǧ
УһƬƬȻѿһѺʧ漴һѺ۳֣
үҵȶʮ·ǰ㣡
ս֮ãͻȻһ֧֧֣ǴƵľ񣬹ʮʿ硣


533 Ѫ
ֻһ֧֧Ͽգɱۣ׻Ӫƻɰ׻ȸӪȸΟӪӥӪӪӪ֣жʮ·֮࣬ԻʮϹޣЩһ𣬻ޣܲѷླĴףХǰҶΧΧҶɱ
ʮ·֣˿׷׳ˣǶԽսԽľҶΪȻԶǣʵ֮ǿȻǶӲ࿹⣬·磬Ƕɱñˣ
˲ħ֮ƣս֮ǿ¼ҵſ˿ɳң
ƽĿȵʮ·¶ʮ޴ħ
·߳壬ʯƣ͸ţֻʮϹ޺ХڣҶУ֮ϣһſ˶ǳÿһŷԲǧڸ߿֮ϣ˸סµĹԡ
Щǳжʮ˿֮࣬Ƕʮޡ
䣡
Ҷһȭһ飬ͻȻֻһǳд۵һ죬ͬͭ𶯣ֻǿǳУһɳླΪƥҶɱȥ
ǴƾպյĴ󣬶ʮ޴̫ڻʵսķʱ̴ʮ·ԭ˻ʣλԭİӲĥڴ֮У
ʱǨʱĴƾԶ̫ڻʵǸʱڣִҲԶ̫ڻʵۣʮ޴һҲһ𾳵ϹԷĵ;ƿݣ
Ҷڴ֮УŭһͷͷϹ˺飬첻ʮǳУµϹ޷ɳ뵽ɱս֮УΧסƴɱͣ
ʮʱ䣬ħͷȻڶʮ޴мʮʱ䲻
֮⣬лƽһ··ϥ˲żüһã׷пȥüͷ֪Ǻá
̫ڻʵĥ˻Ħ˾վҹλ˻ҶٱȻʮʮҹ˻Ħ֮ϣ
˴ʦڣټʮ·ΧɱҶٱҴư¼޷ãᱻ֪ʱ¶ˣ
²˳٣ҵȾʵླеľͷү۷֣β߶ʮ޴󣬽ҶٱĨɱУ
ԣȥĬĬͷȴڴʱͻȻֻһƬΡΡȺɽһƬƽԭ֮ϣû˶
ƬȺɽͻأƬƽԭͻȻǧĽɽΡ׳ۣʫ续
ţдһУԶֻһƬƷٶͻȻͣڰУȴһͷޱӴĴ۾ͬǳסʮ޴бҶ
һշдķ󳪣š
գۼ䣬ʮǿϢƾڣеأеƯ֮ϣе֮Уһɹǿڰмʮ޴ɨȥ
Ҷٱһ֣¼ֱ׶ڴˣħͷԵãв֪ҪɱҴƶʮ·޷Ҷٱ£˴ανȺǰ棬ʥǰĪˣ
Ϊνͨķʱ֪Щ˵⡣ˣ˷ֻ¶ħʥصǿߣеҶٱûѰе̰ͼҶϵĲƸΪƶеȴҶֳʤ¡
¹شƵϣҶβ֣֮뱻ãƻʷ䡣
΢Ҫʮ·ִ߶ʮ޴󣬽ҶɱͻȻֻдһһ죬ֻеĶʮޣǶʮ˿ž޴ǳУһֻֻϹ޷ӵɳɫ䣡
ڸ߿֮ϣһͷϹ޴ǳзɳȥ漴ٴ죬һͷһģһ޷ɳ
˵ղŵͷޣո󣬱̲´תòͷųڶͷޣ
ʮ޴޾ɴĶʮ·ľʿΪȴ޾ûܺҶ񣬱ᱻҶ񽫶ʮ·ʮʿͳͳ
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æпȥֻҶоͷ϶գΧתһͷͷϹ޽ɱ
Ҷɱڣޱȣһܣգҵ棬յһƬƬ̮ۻȵĽͬڵˮ
ȻҲͬպɢֲĺƣ
ɱ
Ҷ˻ߣɳƣƺɢһ𣬽
ڿնںշڣХϸ߿գǶʮ˿˶ǳȥ
⣬
ɫ䣬æȵоһɱħ
Ļ䣬ֻҶͻȻһ޴Żߴɵľˣƿȴţʱ޾ǣúȻ̮γһ޴УƺضҪɵ޴Ż֮С

һſǳǿУգۼʮ޴ֱ߽⣬ڣֻʣʮ۵ýƣʿ
ɱɱǣɱˣ
ҶЦţֻչֻһ׷׳֣ǧ޷裬׷״зɳ֮С
һ˲䣬Բǧա鲼ޣϹצȺɱ䣬öʮ·һƬң֪ж˲
һƽ٣Ҷ߻ħĺƽ٣Ծǧأͷһ⵽ôصĴ
Ǻǣöˡɱˣˣ
Ҷͬħ٣˫𶯣Хȥһ·Զͥƹһл·˻δҵĸѾλΪľͷһչ⣡
Щ˻оԼѪԪ񡢷ࡢƺҲҪȼ

һڵľڱȣ漴һֻ̽ץסţֻʱȼգ˻һŻķԾҲȼܴ
ԪҲһȼգգۼԪ񡢷࣬ͳͳһѻչ⣬ʣµĹͳͳҶԪգ漴쾭Ϊ
¥ֽ⣬ոջ׻磬漴ҲҶޱŨҵĸյڻ׻ղصֲϣɽӣҲյһɶڣ
ͣ
Ҷ˫̽һڵľ߸߾һ˺˺Ƭ
ҶٱħˣٹãԼԼڣʬ޴棡
Уһɮ˿зţĿסҶЦҶ֣û뵽ܴļѣĵˣׯĳʳѰׯĳ½޷˯žˡ
Ҷٱǻϵıһ˵УֻļҵΡΡȺɽУԼһͭĶվһͭ£ңҶĵ


534 ʮ
˴ѶΧҶģֻׯźĶˣ֣һǿߣҲͳͳҶս
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һʽԲǧĿռ䣬һ½ͳε磬ɱƶʮ·ɱˣѪƯ֣Ҳ̶á
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һۣʮ·㲻ȫûҲҪԪˡ
ҶɱظֵΧܹΪƾģླľͷ󲿷ֶ߸ְ񣬴¡ơܡܲΡܵȵȣʵǿ
ЩеʹеʩչֻʵߣطֻһɾͷͶ˺ѵأҶ
Щ˴ӵ֮еƣеǿ
һӪľԼ֮ӡֻӡɽӡϰͬһ㣬Ų仯ŷ츲صƣݺҶͷ
ӡܱһ֮£ͷѪ
״ɴϲǰӡ𣬺ݺҶ£ЦСӵˡ
꣡
һִͻȻӡ֮ϣӡӲҶĿԴſŭħϣħ嵴Ѫɶ
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գۼ䣬ҶʮǹƬشһƬ磬ҶӲҶҲˡ
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ңƿٳ磬Ѿ˴룬ԪҲʼȼգһʿϣ޷
ǻˣľֻ֣Ҳ֧Ų˶ãԷٶ
߻ħˣ֧Ų˶ãֻսȥܿħͷԼԼ
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һԣ̼Ԧĵһע뵽ʮƽ֮УֻԽԽߣԽԽеĶʮ˲ԽһɽƯһλλ
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ţʮһ̮һɽ׷ױѹõ
Ҷ˱ϣĿԴѪڴܼıеĸױ󶦺ȻһѣһΪţ¥Ȼûб飬Ҳܴ
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ΦʽǽĲûܵκ˺
ױȻԭ״Ҷȴⲻס˺ΰѹüСɵ̵ǧɸߴ

Ŀȣ۶ڱѪϣ֮ӲҶ񣬴ƽϴķֱӴﵽϣֱӳҶ񷴻ɵķ֮ǿ飬Ԫطͬʱ⵽ش
ΪʵǿᣬȻǿнѹͼȽҶȻͼˣ
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ֻǲ޸ԵĻ𣬼Ҷ񣬿¶ʮƽ֮Ҳᱻ״Уֱ
Ҷ⵽شѪѪҺڣո뿪壬̻еγɻѻ֮Σ裬أеγɻ룬ۣеı仯Ϊڣе۳ɶصĺɣıԪʼȼգ
սȥĻƽҲĹⱾԪɢ
лججѹסƣڱȡ
ܰһ˳еķսȥᱻȰ
ҲȰСԷٶǲݱܷâԼҪԼСαಫ
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Զõļҵһǿ֣߳սɱɫһս´ƵͻȪħڵҶٱҪͬʱڴˡ
֣ߴһƻô̵ס֣
˺ƻ۷˻ʵΪǧ֮ңһֻ̽ԽҶٱħͷΪԸųɥҲ֣


535 Ŀ
ƻʹ֮ϣƳһţֻ͢صĹͬ칬ڣ޷жٺΰ
үͶʮ·սɱյأսҶħôʥϻ壿һԱֳ˰壬΢΢ü
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һս·δ⵽ֱӵĳеķϡʮƽѾãеĶʮͳͳֻʣܱԭ״

ԺлһƬûκ˼άֻ֪һٶƽҶȥ
һڽҶ飬һֻ̲࣬ʣ¥ʽŶȵױƯڰ֮У˫ﵣҲããҲͣ
Ȼվڰ֮УطƽЦ⣬ͷˣ΢Цǻȥʥϣ˵ĳûΪڽҶٱħͷɱ󹦸ɡ
ʮ·ͻȻޣڰ֮У

еƽͬɳһ㣬ȥȻط죬գۼ鲼ĿĵѺۣѺԽԽ࣬ԽԽϸСͫҲϸϸѷ졣
ΪʥϷˣȥˡ
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֣ⷬȻǰҲ׺ɱһླڵǿߣҶֱӱǻɣոջָٴ⵽֧顣

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Φһǧһ̳һƬΡΡȺɽ֮УҶոսƬɽ֮ڣͻȻֻƬƬĴɽӴϺХ𣬻һǧͼۼ
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ҽУХֻڳ趯Ȼ̽צĶץ£

Ķɫ΢䣬æһö״諣ֻ諺գһֻͷİ£ͷ
ͷצ̽£Χư·ɣ׷ץȥȴʼûƿµķ
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ĶԭأȻ߶ԪͼٻԼ諣ȴҶͻȻŶѹڶУδ߶Ҳ޷ٻء
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ҶϵܣעҪҵ
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Ҷſһ̣Ŷ֮УѹͬʱӡʥȴڴʱһɼΪǿֱæͷȥֻһλ׷ԲԵߴ󲽱ܣһ·ֱײȥ
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ׯŵϿմֻһͷëԳֳֽХӸ߿Ҷ䣬˿Ѿʹŵһħͨ籩Գн˽𹿣мһڽѹأ
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Ҷҧʣֻץס䵶ڳ

𶯱ׯеĽø߸ߵ漴ʽ𶯣ɫ飬ׯû
ͻȻֻׯľԳһǧ֮⣬㿪ʽַΧ漴һգۼҶͷӰ£ͬû뿪һ㣬ЦҶ֣ҷŵһħͨˣٶȸǾˣ£һԷʮǧȥ磡
ٶʵ̫죬һߣΧҶɱҶ޷ı塣
Ҷ֣ͷʢսδʤңŵһħͨڲ֮أ
ŵһħͨׯţҳȫ㣡ҿܲҵģ
ҶͻȻ˰˼ױһ𣬻ȶӡأׯ֮Уаطӡ֮ࡣ
ׯ̧ͷȥֻԼһİ磬вɾʧ룬ȴƬ·޾ͷ
Ҷׯŷӡȶӡ֮УĿ䣬еȶӡ飬ͷԳͻȻħȶӡ֮ϣʱƿ˵ӡ
ǧħ⣬ѵĦҲҪ
ҶһѰ⿴ȥֻһǧǧǧħһǧۣһƬħ֮ͷ£ʬ
ȴĦ極ķĦħѪԪĦ޷üģĦ楳һģһ˷üĵԪȴĦ޻壬ͬǧǧǧ㡣
ħʲôˣҶ˿¥֣֮ס
ħ֮£е֮죬ȴûܴ¥
һԲǧٶȼ죬˲Ϣ嵽Ҷǰֱȭܼ֮ȥһ˲䣬㽫¥ƣ
ͬʱׯҲëԳݣֻӽҶ¡
㵽˭
Ҷ񱬺ȣӲ˵ļйٺˡ
˿׷ļҵõ˼ԦضХϡ
Ҷս쾭תٶԽԽ죬ԽԽĴ쾭Ϊ
ȻһΣŴ⵽ش쾭תԽԽǿᣬȫʢ״̬£
֮ʢԪȫյ糹ױֻʣ¾ִվͷڣһУطѾգسʧ󺣸ɺԣһƬ
Ϊڼ֮УѪҺѾʼڣҶһ


537 ʮ£
ׯĦ޻壬Ǹеĸ֣ҶȶӡסׯһΣûҶռȻ˿ҶҪȶӡٴηӡǧѡ
ȥ磬׽һλеĽѹأҶɼвǱУҶϼˣѡ
һͻȻĦ޻壬ʵׯ֮ϣûǰҲûжױֻƾ跨¥ķ
Ħ޻ΪħĴ֮һΪǿҶȻĦһôʱ䣬һֱû֣ûмʶĦ޻ֲֿʵս
ȴĦ޻ֲֿսӵ쾡£ǧ㣬ٶȻׯŵĽѸݣҲͬСɣǧͬӰһ㣬ȥ
ǧ֣ٶ֮죬޷
еħۣЩħ֮УĿħ⣬ա
ԩ꺣ǱԴʦҲ޷еһУΨĦ極ħۣܹصĸͳͳӳУ֪Էʵ
˵ħӵĦһЧеħ⼫Ϊǿ˼Ҷ
Ҷ˿ǵһĦ޻Ľ֣е𶯼Ĵ֮УĦޡ٤ޡֻкһ壬ûм
͡٤޺ĦսΪǿ󣬿˵ָ£Ħ޻սʽȻȵͻ٤޻ӹĪ⣬˷ʤ
˵ʲôͷʱ׻磬ҲһλħĻ壿һȫʢ״̬ҵ壬˿ʱٴ߻ħʱʮղصȪħڣ
ҶͷĿϵ£˷޲۵ף˱ָۣһױסˮ©ͬʱҶ˫չٺˡ
Ħ޻ķǧ׷ᣬΧҶɱƮһХ
ׯŵٶȸ죬һ׷Ҷ񣬴ͷңʼ޷˦ˡ
ȻȪħھҶֻ֮ңȴ·һԶ޷Խľ롣
ǵٶ̫죬սߣҲáүȾͷϹ޷ϡ
ɢƵı߽Ҷٱڴˣ޷صȪħڣ֪˭ȵ
ԣ̺Хɢʮɽȥ㽫Ҷȥ·ͳͳ
ҶһЩǿʮɽ֮⣬ζſ¸޷صȪħڣӦڵ֣ѹħ
ǱҵġҶ૵кԽԽʢʱ߻ħıԵ
Ƶ۹ҪױΪһƬ𺣣سˡ
Ҷ̾˿׼һԭ㶯⻯Ϊıɱ
һ˻֮ħĴʵޱǿᣬҶ⻯߻ħƻҶİٱǧ֮࣬ɵƻҲİٱǧ
ȫ˵ʥ֮Ҳû˻Ķ֣
󣬵ʱƵ۹ƱһƬ𺣣ɽ飬رûޣյ᲼ѺۣеĴưͳͳʿףɥҶ£
Ҷ֮ԳٳٲԸ⻯Ϊ߻ħɵƻ̫˼޹̫࣬ΥԼԭ
˶Ͼһ·̲ס㽫һ𣬳׵׵Ĵսһһɱɸɾ
ˣ
ͻȻһɸŨҵֻһ󻺻֣֮Уһͷڻſüһ̫䡣
Ҷһֻͷչ˫ᣬ̬ţͬеľ飬һ˫Ȼһ𣬷ɳգΧҶת
Χʮͷ϶һ̫УŨҵĸ£Ҷյñ׻磬ҲյڻԲǧԶĵطӸɺԣףľҰ޿ʱУ
ׯĦ޻״æܣҼΧҶ
ǣ˵ĸ£ֻҲˡ

ҶԪ޷˳Ҹ͵¶ȣҶʼȼա
Ҫô
ҶЦ۶ڱһƻ̽Ƥ˿ҲӿޱϸСĻ棬ΪŨҵ̫𣬿ʼȼѪҺ
üĵϸСĵѨ֮УҲ޾̫ʼȼգٻ
ʮղأҶٱҪˡׯ˿˴Ҷս֪ҶǿƽսԼ벻ҶĶ֡
ǿĶ֣Լǰмϧ־˿
Ҷٱֻҵһ߷Խ٣ҲԽɱ
Ħ޻ķЦû֮УǺЦȷǿɱ㣬ƱҲ⵽شǾ߻ħԼɵԼգ
ׯſ˼֮ɫֵл¸ղųʸ¾˭
Ħ޻ٺٹЦʧ
һأ˭ׯü
Ҫô
ҶоԪڲϵ֮УϸĻʶҲʼڻֽ⣬ͷԼ˫ֻ֣Ѿʼڻ𾳵𾳽磬޳޹
˿ڻֻһɫ֭ûбճɻҽǷ·һ𴿽˽񣬱һڻ֭ʡ
ҼȻһЩɱƵգϾԩ޳𡣡
Ҷ̾˿򶫷ȥ
һۣ;ĩ·
ׯſҶ򶫷ȥԥһ£ûиϣĵѰһ֮أȥ˿һͷޣƣΣգֻеȵ׷ٻȡϵֱƾҵٶȣױһ㣡
˿̳ǿ߸ȪħڣסҶȪħڵͨвŻ
ҶٱһƾһĵҶ
ͣ
Ҷ񱳺Դ˫Ŀִ̫⼤ķප漴λƾҽһȼգգۼ仯ҽ
һϣɱҶħȡϵı˱ȵ
ױʩչ׷Ԫ񡢷࣬ܺƵȣҶǵذѹ¡
ͣ
Щ˻δеױ׷Ԫ񡢷࣬ͳͳȼգҽ
һ̫ҶԴ˫Ŀ֮мЩͳͳٻȼգ
ҶǰȥٶԽԽ죬ߵ󺣱ߣӰʧããĺС
߹֮أֻ޹ۻµһεν֭
⣡
ƻʹ֮Уƻ¡ȻλͻȻɫ䣬Ȼֻ¡ЦĿ¶֮ɫӦʦֺαؼ뿪Сһ֣
һɹɽϢһʮĲ¥֣ѹȥ


538 
ʱӦڵѾӦҶ⵽Σգ֮ͨǿְƣҶľٶȻĶĿ
ıҶĥϳɳɾ͵֮УԱȼԼ
ӦڵȴûϵҶʮղԪڵ۷壬ԪȼգԷ٣ɣ
׼ûȣҶѹħѹʮִգȴϷƻ¡ƣ
ֻ֣ҵһҵڻȪʥڣΪͿԵңλߵһЦ
¡ԥһ£΢ЦӦ֣㵱޵У׻ҲѹĶ֣һˣȴ㲢Ӧ˸ʥأ֪ٸ֣ЩЩѾΪʥ֮ĳϵĲ˿ӦǷ߳ȪħڣǸδ֪
ɫò¡
¡Цһ֮ҲΪѹӦڵһͷ̲ס¶֮ɫӦ֣ҳʱ䣬һ֣
Ȫħڣʮɽ⣬һضգɢޱȻɬصĲӡʮɽϽգշӡͰɽ
ҴļλҲɱעܣҶ񴳹ء
Ҷٱ˴ΣŽʮɽļҵӣ˶Ҵ񣬴߶ضܴ߷һֻӷɽȥҶҪΨʣ
ɫԩ꺣Ҷ㣬ȫΪҲ㱻Ҷɾкǡ
빫˽ҪҶ֮أ
Ļδ䣬ͻȻһֻ̽ڵضϷӲôӿ׹䣬صף
ôסˣֻһķʩʩȻһʮɽ֮УȪħڵ̳ȥЦӦʦ֣Сˣ
ЩļӵܻͷӵضзɳڰУò֪롣
Ԫʼڵʡ
õһ漴ĿɭȻŭȵʲôʲΪӦڵѵض𣿡
ضδգһֻŴӸ߿ղ䣬󶦲ȵص׸ôŭ̧ͷȥȴһָݵɮƮȻֱȪħڵ̳ȥӦʦ֣˶δСɣ
СʥصҲˣҶٱɱСʥص֮ɽλ϶Ϊδ׻ʶɱ˿СʥصʥǰΪӦڵҲԼҵű˶ɱζõ˾ɲĵ
ûϢĶΰѵضǺã
ͻȻһϤöߣæѭȥֻʥĿȪħڡ
õ˲ɴ˸սֻʥɭȻպõضȥѰҶٱ˵֮Ѿε֣ܲ
üæŶХߣǸո뿪ͻȻֻձһƬֻƿһߴɵĴХ£Χʮɽ鲼һܣ
ЩϣһݹӹǾʵǿÿһλʵ˻ʣ
һǾӴֻ߳ǳ󣬴зɳգۼʮɽ㱻ޱӴĴǶͼ֮У
ǹǵҲˣ
õ˾ǵǵ֮УΨһһλӦڵȼû뵽ҲȻֹӦڵԮҶ
ȪħڳһӦڵ㹻ˣ·Ǹʥ֮
߿֮ϣһȻӦϵܣΪأ
Ӧ֣ѹˣҲҪѹһΣһ߲һͷţȻ
á˾ޱȣȻɢҼͣʮɽΧЩʥ֮᲻Ӧڵս˻ϢѹƵǼΪܣ
˿ӦڵҲ޷ҲûһܹȵҶˣ
˿̣ȪħڵĽֻѾӳ˯иգһɹڽصѹأ̺գʮɽ·
֮ϣһĹЩĹ·Զźģɢ¶Ʊֻ˿
ӦڵϥķأĹԸʥصʥȻ̾ϢһҶʦܣֻܿԼˡΪһΣֻܱסȪʥڡ
֮ϣҶһˣǰȥͷеɱޱȵĸңɱ죬γǧƣתƺ֮
ʱޱŨҵɱȴ޷Ӱ쵽ģͷ
֮أ󺣱¶ĺ׵Ļɽյòϱ
߹֮еĺˮӿոɵĺ
ˮӿһХ
Сط߳һۣδ˵͹ͷû뵽Ҳнա
ҶЦκĽڻʮֻ϶̫·ɣͬһλҪ
Уޡħͳͳɱ֮أĹ½ڲ֮С
ڣ߳ǧ֮ңԶ½뵽İĺֻǰһɽƣ֣ơ
·һԴ徲¡
ұڴˡ
ƬɵȥԽԽңڻٶԽԽ죬ԪҲѾչ֦Ҷɿʼȼա
ٻԪɻңϸʶ⣬һ̡

һɽϣͻȻɳһѩ׵ӰڿбıҶֻͣʮ⣬㱻ҶɢƵòٽһ
һͷѩ׵ӣͷżƻƺɫë·һֻһͷСꡣ

һ˵еС˫צǰҶҪʳ
ҶС̻һףҶצзв
ҶĿС㱣ƺصݣϡ·𿴵һȹεŮҩԼߵΡ
Ŀ⺬ᣬϲֵĿԼӻ

ֲʳҲвҶ񣬱ǿ߳һ·˵ҶСβͣıƬɽȥ
ҶͬಽСֻɽıͻȻȺɽһһλŮĻУȻļͷβͬë׵죬ϲһܣѩһ𪡣
ҶվԶңֻŮһɫȹΧĲϣͬһá
ģһǰǰˣҶеһ·Ҷ뿪ʱûб
ϢƮ죬칬͵͵·Ůˮһ峺ȹӭ緭ɣȻɽͷ·ѾվȴҶܾá
һʱ䣬Ҷ񿴵óˡ
ү
ǵתĿ⴩Խػ𺣣ϣ΢΢
Ҷǰȥͷеͷɣ·ǹ̳ңȼһеѾʼյ֮С
ү
λŮȹɣֻŮһȽȽһͷѩ׵úһͷ֮бıĿڡ
Ϣ໥໥ǣߵһ


539 罺
ɽϿգ¾֮봿֮໥֯һƬ͡ʮգ໥ǣתͣ
򲻳
̫뺮¹ǵħǿɣǵķͬļˣϵǣҵķܹ˫ޣô⽫ǿķ
໥ãศɣ²г
ֻ֮У¹֮⣬ͷ޴ſ۾Ƴʮͷһۣ漴Ƿı۾³һݡ
һֻѩ׵ȴĶͷЩĿЩֻצӵĹ
оúȴо
Ҷõһɹɴ֮һ𽥽ϨֵķΧԽԽСֹͣۻԪȼա
ΧȣһһͣŮӵ
㺣Ʃɬһӿͷ鵽ŨʱȻ
ҶŮӵ֮ͻȻһƴȻɴʣ̳֣ͥһͭεضשʯ׷Զ£գۼ㱻ҶԷһƬù͢
֮Уɽһɹǿķ߶ȻײһƬС͵Ĵ½
Ⱥɽ֮Уһ¡¡εض𣬻һƬ׳칬ڡ
Ҷӵƴ֮ϣɴڣʣ
ү
洫һʤߵ߽
Ҷһ

һͷѩ׵Ļ˴ɴ֮ж˳׵߿գͷĽиͣٴعУصŮߣȴؽƬ죬ı»޷ҶµĽơ
Ͽգֳһͷ޴Ϲޣףȱſ³һɹɷۺɫƬڸǣʧں֮ϡ
·Ͽķۺɫת֮Σ裬꽻ϡ
֮ϣ½ԣ໥ӳ¡
ãʧһ޺ڳɽ֮䣬߲Ѥ
ûã޺ʧٴγ֣סƬ졣
˾
Ҷɽ䣬̧ͷȥһ޺ͷʺţͨңԶĺ
ǻղſҰҵΣлͬС¹˵
Ǿñط꣬Խһеһз·ȻȻ
վļͷҶŭĿӡ
Ҷȥ飬СǼǳ
Ҷסϸֻ֫һֲֻߡ
һֻӽˣҶָһֱݵЩҡ
ү岻á׵ʹϸ΢ͬţ
ǣ㻹үҶЦʵ

ǲʤߣЦҶʱһλ˵˳£ѿƣһҹҪΣⲻ֪ҪĶԪ
ҶԣȻʧЦǣѾ޳ɴףԪ񣬾һ꣬ʮ꣬ҲûκˡҾñط꣬һкη
οشҪѹħơⲻˡҶ֣µ
ͻȻԼЩ޳ܣһʵۣǿ±Ϊʷٱ¿ʷĻ޵Ļ
ǲͷƬ̣һǻһ֮࣬ҲҶⷬƣȻԼΪѸ١
ԭոսԪûжãֻԪƷΪõҶ̲Ϊͻͽֱӿ˸С磬ڣԪݡ
ҶΪ˽أԪ񡢻ǡʶ⵽شΪûǰѸ٣Ҳڵľ硣
ٶȣȷզ࣬ѹֱҪ˵̫񹬺ͺ¹ķศɣ˫޵ĻƱµһĽҲǵһѸٵķ
ͻȻժ»˳ȥͷϹüԹȥСǰ棬Ҫ棬㲻Ҫ˼ź㡭
罺ᣬһ𣬺޲ðѱ˴˶ԷڻڻڶԷ
ǳµŮѿƶԷϢԱ˴˶Էջ
ɽв֪£һҶȻվֻеԼݿ£Ȼ޹߻ħʱʮղôʱ䣬Ҳδܽڣ˾µʱ䣬޹䵽ֵز
Ȼɹȣ˵Ļ˵ҵ޹ۣԶŵĴɣҲҪʯȹ¡
ҶԿĵҲЩЩȣ֫
ˡЩӣҶħȫţʮղҲ˼ķֺٴο٣󣬱յùͺͺԪҲʼ֦⣬һֻֻԶž½غͺ档
ҶľŶҲ뵽쾭֮УϹЩԶžһһʢ
ڵǶٴγ֣ǿ⣬ޱߡ
Уʮִǵ½֯һ²ɢĵĴ֮Ҷʢк͡
µĳ֣ļ֣֮ҹ֮ճ䣬ֻزϢллľǰǰߡ
Һ¹߲εķ־ǶķֻŮӲ
ǽ־ԭԭҶһֲ©Դڱķں¹֮٣ʮ⣬֣Ǳɵ³δҲҪ⵽¹ֹ׷ɱ
Ȼûȥ㣬УҶȻȺ¹Ҫ
ΪҪϰ¹ķȡ뵽Լķ֮Уҵ쾭׶ɨһգ
Ҷϸϸ־Ժһ飬еİ壬òпŽȷĲã̫񹬵Ľ澭˽Ȼͬļˣᷢӵ¡
ŽΪǼµᣬֻʺŮ˸޷пܱŮӣֱ߻ħҲȲá
ˣķҲеŮӶܹ־ŮӣˮܽķԦ
Ϊˮ¹֮壬ӵϹ۹ԪƬķŻ°빦ԶԶˡ
Ҷ˫ʱҲһ㣬Ǿǵٶȣʵ̫죬Ҫ죬Ҷ´ʱΪѱƲʮǧ
־ȻֻŮӲҶ˵ԼҪĿǽķľ뵽쾭֮УðűŮ˵Σķ
ȻߣϽ⾭ĵİ壬Ҷķ͸
ϯ̸ʱ䣬Ҷڽķ峹׳͸ͻȻһֻȻʵĸо𣬴Ц֪ҵ쾭ı׶ںδˣ


540 С
ҶЦԼþõţӭж⣬ȡ֮Ǭǰ;Լĸ߲Σ
߷ߵĳСצӣȻίĿǣԹ
ЩӣŮ˱Ҫ֮ԺСҶӲѣСתתȥ⣬Լĵλ
ҶӶ˶ڷȥ籥ʫ壬ػƣģӯšλˣ²£ܲ߻ħ
λ쾭ܸٵĿƪ䣬Ҷĵ֮ʶ־֮ʶԼ쾭ܸϴ㡣
УֻҶ񻺻ⲽͻȻһƬţرգֻʣǶΪɫ
ػƣģӯ꾣šնءų꣬꣬¶Ϊ˪ˮԡ̺ӵǱ衭
ػƴҶ³·ӵĪܣֻ֮룬һѿѸԽԽ׳
֮У֦ǧҶ֣֮ͬסֻ䶯طֿ½һ绺
Ҷ³ĸֻ֣ǳ֣תԽԽԽԽԶԶʱ硣
ӯĸ֣һִգ϶շУ䣬ʱڱͣЪϢʱ
̫£¹֮⣬£ߵʱϡ
䣬䣬ҹ֣֮ҶҲļգĳأ˲Żкնء
ų꣬Ϊʮ£ۻźϲΪһ£żһʮ£죬͡

ˣҶ쾭־Сɣ磬߻ħĺ֮ǡ
ԭʮղľҲʮպϲΪһգʮͷڣϲΪһͷ
¹־澭⣬¹ãȻʮղΪһգܸʤǰµƽйʢ˿
֮磬ȴǰȹ̣ԪҲѻָȫʢ״̬ȴǰʤһ
ǡʶϸͳͳõӹ̣ʵԭȫʢ״̬ħʱҪȹ̣ʵҪǿᣡ
Ҳø
쾭ֻСɣźܴı׶ˣ׶ûǰôضѣִǰǰֲΰˡ
Ҫ쾭ҶҪѰķ뵽쾭֮С
ᵽһֽǺεȼѼеࡢΣգ˵Ҳ
ǣһ澭ΪӦ̫񹬵Ĳ֮أ紫ڸ㡣Ҷ񳹵׷쾭뷨֮ԺЦ
һЦһۣҪ̫񹬵ķʲô̫񹬵ķӲĽһŮֲ
˿Ҷؿڣ˿Ц˼ֱҷˡ
ҶЦͻȻ֡˷򸴺󡱵뷨ǣΪλƬϣ
ʱѾ޳ɴףʦŹأ޳ɴףʸ춴ʲôطұĴѰڴ˵ҵƬɽȺ˵ص棬￪趴ں¹ٶ׻̫Զ֪ʱܼһ档ҶУָҶؿڻȦȦЦ
Ҷͷһжͬʱְҡ
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Ҷٱйһ֮Եȹһ񣬴˴ֻѾǴˡ
Ŷһ֣ѵǲ֪ûȤͻȻǰܻ
·û˿˵ӣа̾һţׯźļҵˣûѰҶ֮أʱϵرʹʧ٣Ѿ񺣵׵ĳ䡣Ҳ˵ҶٱܻţԣûС


541 һ
Ҷûֱ˺գصȪħڣһ·ʹ󺣲׳ľ¡ãںԶԶׯʱȻк
ׯ֣硣
ҶЦеׯ֣ˣ
ׯŴ˴ɵɵĿһۣͬһ㣬ͻȻһҶӽ㶸Ȼ仯һͷëԳһԾӸӰ١
ŵһħͨһ㷭ǧ֮ңƣͬ糵һ㣬ֻ˲Ϣ֮ɳãã󺣣ƾˡ
ܵúܿ죬ѵ֪ںЦô
Ҷ̾˿°ͣԭׯţκδ˵ٶȵȷ˫ҶΦ¶
սʤǷŵһħͨٶ֮죬Ī´ˣϻֱº֣ƹǣһҪͨŪ˵
ͻȻҶ񿴵ԶĺϣϢӿеĻ󶦣еĻ̨еĻеĻ«Ϣγ
ڴƾΧҶʿĴѰҶټҵµıЩںѰһʱ䣬ʼûҵҶ֮أȴƶᣬѰңϧ֮Ƹ췭ظ󺣵ɣ̽һ飡
Ҷ΢ЦЩˣһȥѰǣǻУһ鷳״ݾߡýһ򾡣һŪͷ֮ޣ
ڴƾڣҶһãȻڱ˿ţҶ˵ȷǶ෬ãԼЩ˷ͻ
ΧҶҶ˿ͻصȪħڣӦڵΪԼѹħҲһٻˣ
г𱨳жȻҪЩһ
ҶֻԶһƬطֻʮ﷽Բ΢ŶɳϲΪһ󶦡
ֻ󶦷ɵϿգȥ󶦵ĶԽԽʧ
Ҷ¥һָ¥šʽΦ諡䵶ն̨ȵױɳɢں֮ϡ
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Ҷϸ룬û׻֮⣬ԼⷬãԼ֮µż
¥Уһ׻磬ϧǱԴʦµı׻磬ҿ˰˲֮࣬һ֪
Ҷ̾˿ⷬòԲм©ƭ˲ǹ֮
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΢ʱһɱڰлһƬǧƣѹѹһƬתͬһ޴УеģС
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Ҷٱ֪˭ȷֿе󣬸е
Ҷõʮ֮ǣʱ֪ٸֺХЩ˳ЩǲμΧҶʿףҶ񼴽ɥǰѰĸ֮֡Уļҵ࣬Ƶǿߴ֮в׵ڡԪʼڵȺɣԼӴ󺺵ȹʥظ֣֮࣬ԶҶԤơ
ȷֺ޴Żϲ⣬ţʱ⣡
쿴֧нϢ
ҶٱƷǾƷħͷ޵úܣܱµıﶼͬСɣ
ǸΦٶ죡
Ҷħȫıﶼ˳öĲ֮ҿ

һӵϣ׷򺣵ȥ뵺УȥҶµֱܿ캣бݻһ
֮࣬߸ļҡԪʼڵȵʥأɮ٣ΪҶױȻȻҪ֣һʱ䵺ȷѪꡣ
вΪߣո뵺㱻ޱȳҵĸյԪȼգҽ
Ҷٱļҵ֮ͳͳ
áĶļǿ֣߳ضĿɭȻȵļӵ뵺ȡ˵˽̻߷ɱۣ
ĸ뼸λЦһļҺôĿҶٱ֮ȻҶٱУ֮Ȼе߾֮˭ֱ˭ģ
Ц뺣֮С
ɫ䣬ʽļұص֮֧˵УҲ뵺

ĶĿƬ΢΢üƬУûҶٱ׻磬ңûпƵľŶ棬˵ֻһ壬죡
ĿɨȥȻûпҶ׻磬ЦȻ˼Ȼܣȴ©һ㡣ҶٱС߻ħʮղԼĽԪճɻҽ׻磬Ҳһ֮УڣЩôᱬɢڵУ
ĶЩɣԸյأִҪ뺣֮Уµض
ΪѹܵУŵضҲã罻ܡ
ЩãĶȻݵλΪȴļڶμҪλΪļҵʥҲҵضĶ漴λླףХ뵺С
ĶվڿУûн뵺ᱦЩȻҲǿҶ׻粢ڵУɣ׼Ƭ̡
ԽԽѶƬ֮䣬˵رۼǧʿףɱ
Ķ˵õʵȷǿѹȺۣԪϹԩ꺣мҶնɱ֮󣬵õʥĹඥΪֱط಻ľ磡
˴γ֣գۼʮɥУֱӱѹ
үʽ£ƳɱˣȡʽŭȥоŶ֣ѹˣһʱ
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ԽԽɢһɹ˲սĽϢͫ׽ʽȻ֪ܼȷֺá
ԸæջؾŶ϶ΪһסԲ֮Ŷݣʼ
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542 Ҷ
󶦸һ֣ʱƬѹ壬ɽʯң׷ױѣɷۣ漴ĩҲεѹĲ飬عޣ
һʱ䣬֪ж˲ھŶݵ֮£ʣµ˸оΣգ׷׳֮ȥӳɱ֮أ
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Ÿ£ҳ⽴Φ𣬽һڴʬڷϡ諣һͷ£³ײһǿ
ֲն̨ױͻȻѣһΪɼһһ׼նɵնԪɱллǣüླĴҲ
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ȴڴʱֻ½ӴϿѹ£һ½صס񷣬Щͳͳѹڴ½֮£޷
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һԪʼڵֳһͷ˫ᣬѩľβʮͬɽ壬ӲԱסһ½ȴԭҶйսʥ
ȻҶˣȴûǿ֧
˴γڴ˵أΪ˽ʥѹҶ˼ϸոս뵺У㱻½ѹ
˵Ҳ׷ŭȣļĪҲս
ļҹȻţһôʥأ϶뱻ˣ
ĪǻΪϹţļҺаԵϿ˴󶦣ǲһƽϣɱݣС

ˣⲻļģ
ôŭ̼Ŷ˺ͬԿ½ѹֻ½Ӳ򶦿ڷȥ
ףҵıУǻҷңЦ
ϿմһףֻȻӶз𣬻ǧɱʮһ㣬ѹڴ½֮ϡ
ֻͷ͵һ֡
ҶٱûȻŭ
ҶĳλҵУҪѣûܣ
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ڤ粻飬֪
Ҷһ諻һͷڴ½֮ϣޱȳأ漴ŵױ׷ڴ½֮ϣʽҲ𣬲ڴ½롣
ʽΪѹЩ˵һݣڽϤѹƣҲ޷
Ҷһֻ̯󶦺ХתԽԽСڻһֻȭͷССĵתЦ߻ħʱɱңʵǸǱ롣Щһֻܳȫңұøǿ
֮⣬ĶҶĴ󶦳֣֪̾ضԶ߸߷ɡ˿ûоԮúλļླͷĴ㣬ļҵԼΪȱסضԼ˵
Ҷٱһֱǰ֮߻ħԷ֮ףôֻ
֣ʱһĶ֣ñ֮޳طָ࣬ʤ
ʵʵϵضܣǴⲿټõ˴ڲҶ񿹺⣬ҶûôɣԽõ˽ȳ
ϧǣʱûаյ
ҶõͳͳѹңĶҲԶ߸߷ɡ
뽫õûпܣֻǺķѵʱ̫ȻʥڣȻ콫ͳͳ
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;УȪħڵĵӣֻЩ˼ȣŵóճɵɵһŮֱ˫һ˵һȥ
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ҶΪԵãڹǷϣȴǷ嶥鲼ᦡȦڤᤡչֽǮĻ裬һɵ·á
⣡˭ˣ
ҶͥŲӰǰ߹Ƴġ⡱һۣȻϸϸЩֻдĶǡʦҶǧţӹﾴ족͵Ҷ࣬Ե족֮Ļ
ԯ⡢ԯáθߵ»зᡢȸٻҲ
ӦڵµԴǱУ֮⡣Ҷıʦʱûǰ죬ֻӦڵһΣҲûȻҶǰԼڿɼҶеĵλ
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ҶҡͷЦӦڵ˵ˣƲӵȻҲΪ棬˲ŻڹǷü졣
Ӧʦ˵ˣȴûȥһҪЩô
Ҷ뵽ȥֻƲӵ˵Ϊݬ룬ΪߵԬ칫ˣΪ͵ĺͷˣƲӺ͹ϲ£ֻ۷壬΢ЦҴ˴Ȼջķᣬһ컯Ҫǡ
΢ɽɽͷ¥֮ңׯϣ¥УɲԺͽͯɼɳһɽ֮ϡ
Ҷ񻺻̯ƣĳһСӶзɳͬһŭĴ֮С
һ·ϣиʥصĸֱԪ񶼱֮Ҷ쾭˵Ԫ񣬽ЩԪΪΪֱӴƲӡԵˡԬ칫˵֮УǿΪΪ


543 컯
ʿ޷˵ΪǳʶҲ⣬ԪʼڵԪʼ򻯹ԪħĦħŹ˵Ϊת޵Լϡ
ͬķΪߵĴױֱӹඥһΪڣ˵Ϊ
ñǱļҵʥֱӹඥָΪٽһط಻ľ硣
Ҷ챦Ԫ̥ҲԪΪĹЧԪʼ򻯹Ԫ֮ϣ챦Ԫ̥뵽쾭֮У쾭ҲӵƵĹЧ
ڴеĸʥظ֣Щ˵Ԫ˵˴ױ֮Уױ֮⣬̫ô
ӵоŽ״þŽ״ΪԶʤ˵ԪŻὫЩ˵ԪֱӴƲӡġԵ˵ڣΪ
Ʋӹ˵Ϊ㲻ߣĺͷԪûɣոսѡʱѾȥ꣬ڼȪħڣϻȪħڵһΪɵҶûԸǶΪͽ֮£ֻðҶ¡
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ǴҶдľﲻӿڡ
Ԭ칫ɶƵҲסӴľඥŵһ仯ΪԭͣޣŬɷӵľΪ
ɲԺͽĸԻ˿Ҳר־ɾ
Ҳ֪һǧѷĻܹյסƱػǵΪٽһ
Ҷ΢һɹϢסѹڱԪԪѹǵ뾫
ѹ˵ΪעµľֻƲӵ˵ΪַԬ칫ΪҲϷǣԬ칫ֱӱඥΪƷ۷壡
ˣҲͳͳҶһǰľƷ߶ȣС磬һ󾳽ıԵ
󾳽С粻ͬСΪֱӿ󾳽Ҫ򣬸ĥսпؿȼ
Ҷ񲻽˵ΪͬʱѹǵԪԪǱͬȾʿ˸Ϊ˸ǿ
˾٣εУ൱ڰѹԬ칫˵ʣ
ֱ˵ΪʮҶͣ£漴һ˰¥зɳ˵ǰÿһꡣ
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λ֮;ûнݾֻһޣʱܱøǿͻƵһ硣Ҵ˴ΪǿΪǽк档˰ĹЧǡǡֲ㡣Ե˰ǿб˰ߵľʱûϰӰ쵽ǽĳɾ͡
˽Žɣǰı˰ķͻƾ磬ۻõƲӺ͹Ҳͻƣ޳Ĥ̥Ե
պɶȸҲͻƣ޳ɺڣͻƵԬ칫Ȼƺڵľ磬Ԫһ㣬޳ɷԪڷü֮Уʵ˽ٱ֮࣡
˷׷ͻƣ־ϲ֪ҶԲ顣
ֱ˰Ҷϵܣ˻ӵ湦ЧɣԵ˼ʶ㣬Ҳû˰Цʵ
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Ҷ΢¥зɳɷЩɷĴɱãʮɷ֮ͳͳԵˡ
Ѱɷ㹻ͳͳһ飬ϧǣûѹεɷɷɷɷԼѰҡ
Ԭ칫վһԣ۵ĿŻƲӵ˼Ϊ磬ֻҶԴԴó˰УֱǴ·һ㣬·ҰݣӦоУ
˲ãĺͷˣҲҶඥϱ˰ĹЧ
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ﱾۣҲϲüңæǰ
Ҷһָֻ䵶ɳڹͬѩ׵Ļ£ת裬ޡ
䵶ʥ֮Ȼ֮ȴ˿ѷڲ֮ҵĽƿˡµϯŮӣҵʱ仹ڻƲ֮ϣ䵶ΪʦĻ֮Ҷ񵭵
һһˣһַ֮ȥ
Щ֮Щѹڶеླͷױ˿ЩѾôֻʣһЩ֮ϤҶᣬֻʣλԪϹ֧ܿš
ġɲԡǡǡԬ칫ɶꡢ඼Եõһֻ֮Եûеõκα
Դ磬һҪ㡣
ҶЦ漴ץȥֻһͷһϢ˫һѴӶץλʮ֮޴ԶԵԬ칫ȴԭ֮ϣ
Ҷٱʵİֵܣ˰ݽύͬɱңʱضȡСʥݣȴʼûҶƿأŭ
кβң
ҶЦһץȥֻгһᦣдһѪġն֣ն֮ʥ֡
л𶯣ʥĻʶϤ


544 
ʥԪʼʵĽֵܣʵҲǿþˣѷľͷ˿ҶһᦻӶ㽫ɱɢ
Ԭ칫ĵ˼״ëȻһͷҶ۾գҲգ㽫ɱˡԭҶɱ㣬¶õħͷҶĹϵڶҲһЦлҶƽ׽ˡ
˿̼Ҷ񲻶ɫ㴦ʥǿߣǾãԣ²Ǵô򵥡
ҶһץʥطͬԪһӲڳ漴ʥԪط࣬һƸԵˣ΢Ц磬ʥʵҲΪ潻棬뽫£һֽš㽫⻯ڶԪ񣬵ڶط࣬Ժɨླûм˿㽻棡
ҶԵ֮꣬˼ͳʲôԵ˻Ҷ񶼲ͶԷĵزҶʥԪطͳͳ͸Ե˱𺳣æƴǲѣ¡
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Ե˱壬Ԫʼ򻯹ԪҲʥԪطŹһԵ˱㲻Ϊ߶ʥʹڶԪڶطΪ轵ˡ
ҹǷɽûвƸ
Ҷ𶯴󶦣ֻһɳûжٵͽһɫĽĿ֮࣬ﵽ˷ָĳ̶ȡ
ҶԴСɾСѻǰÿһݡ
Ҷ񽫱ַϣЦ׼һ£ȻɽȥѰӦʦ֣
˿ǰѻɽĲƸþòҶһ£һ㣬Ψֶһ´αѣǰһжɢ
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˿ĭ૵˵ϵĲƸ᲻ЩʦʦҪֲ
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Ҳɫҡͷ˵ɽķһԪ֮ѹɽѾǲˡÿ϶һ֮ʤ
Ԭ칫ϾǾþĥ֣һҰѶˣɷȻɽȥѰɷϴԪ̥棬Ҫͬһڷ磬ʼʱ򲻿˵ĵӣô
Ϊʲôﲻõ
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Ʋӵ˲˸սͷǣһͨʵԵˣҲǸֲĳ档
Ҷֱʥ̳ȥһ·³ϡѦϵˣЦк
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Ҷͷ̾Ϣ˼죬ӢŰ
ǰӢšѦҡͷ̾Ϣֵ
˽³Ѧ˷ɳʮŻعæͷȥֻȺɽϷһˣ塣
һ紵˲˸սһۣЩëȻյģֹˡ
˵ֻԩǣѵҶʦɱ̫࣬죬
Ҷ֮Уֹһ˴һ磬Ƕ˻ûɢæĶӡ
Ҷһ·׷ȥ˲Ӻȥŵð㣬ʥ̳
֪ܲŵӦʦ֣ܽŸǾ;ˡ
Ҷ룬뷨Ӧڵͬһ㣬¾ԼˣթʬҲŲס
Ӧڵվʥ֮УҶԣһŻȪħʥ󣬸̬֡
Ҷ߽ʥĴţֻӦڵǴǰǸ꣬˫̧֣ͷʥǽڣǽϿտҲѩһƬ
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ӦڵʾľŴγɾŸС磬ЩС磬Žİ塣
ոջصʮɽұѾ֪ˡ˵ҪңҲ֪ˣ޳ֻø
ӦڵЦЦŴѡһҲѡޡΣ
Ҷ̧ͷŴɵʦֻ֣ǴССҪһôв̰ģٳһĩСܶ裬һóŴЩ̫¡ˡʦ֣Īʲô
ӦڵЦֻһֻѡ֮һǾͰˡѡޣܲܳΪ׻ʣ㶼Ҫʥ֮Ϊʥһεʥ
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ҶվھŴ֮ǰعĦȪħڵľŽȻĽûħĽҲСʥصľתԪȲʼʵ۵ĶʮɷЩɫ޳һţԺ£
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Ӧڵ΢΢ͷֻƬСͻȻֺƵħХҶԺ֮С
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ʦ֣еݣ㲻㿴һô
Ӧڵ뿪ƮȻȥħȻ֮ţҲΪҪĽҪĽȻֽ̣


545 ݻ
Ҷȥ뺼飬ֻĦ極ƮȻȻĦ޻ŮڶʱģԼóˣһƷһ֮
͸Ħ楱ԴʦľתԪĦʮħʴ䣬ֻӦʦˡ
ҶԥƬ̣ḧ뺣뺸ӦϢʱըĦ極Ӱһָüġ
ִֻ֮ضϢܴ򿪣еĴУ˼飬ҲܻеϢ
ִڷʽΪ˷ֹеķ֣֮ķ
ҲҪǾǴ߱ϤԷϢ
Ҷ񲢷ħ壬üĵϸռûоŴֺ޷ħķħķȫͬϵħѪͬʱֺ
Ȼǲܵ顣
ʮħʴֻһãǾǽ
ʮħʴ䣬Ҷ˵Ҳֻǽ
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Ӧڵ䣬Ϣ;̶ȣԶħʴ䡣
ŽһħʴҲûеƣǾܹݻֻʱĿֲΡ
𺳵ģ󣬶ֻ׳۵ı
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ڻ֪ȱݾʲôȵΪﵽߵľ磬ƱܷȱݣȻ󲹳
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յģǹյģ
ƹֵĽе˭ٴӱҧͳͳÿȮ


546 
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λȻѹ֮£ȴɺƥǱѹ޷ͳͳ֮ϣʩչֶΣԷȥ
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һλħĴţͷƥȭͷ紸иץһꪣ֮ԽȮͷҲ٤ȥ
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ڴ˵ǻȪħڵĽ̵ֻһɲ֣ǿᣬҲܽƣǹ֮µȮʵʵ꣬˵սನѹſϣ²ͣ
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547 ƭ˲
һȻǱҶõط߶ÿ߶һΣطСһ֣˿ҶѾõʮħʴ䣬бһǰĽħׯϾ
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549 ǰ¹
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ϣ˹ĿҶ뿪ЦʦֵģЩ̫


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ŹоŲ㣬ǵ㣬˶˻֮˵漸еղأӾˣ


552 ʵͥ
ŷؿռ䣬һһԽ㣬ղصıˣҶ漸㾿ʲôӺ棬Ӷģ޲̳ȥеıͳͳѹһ飡
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һ״ױڲͬǣǵģϴСһ̣ͬһǷ·ֹ˴ѡ
һʵǿᣬȡ١Ԫ塢ĸ顢ػļ˻֮ڻ£Ψȡصĵȴ⵽Ѱĵֿ
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ָɱڣסҶɭȻСħͷô죬𾳵ǿҿ߰꣬޳ɷ׾٣֪Һ¹˵뿪ü
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557 
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559 Ŀɳ
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ţһգֻնĶУһ֣ԽԽ󣬼ͣգۼ㻯һ޴ĻŨޱȵ̫ͬڻ֮
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ȻȮſڴ𣬺춯أһ̫񹬵ླǿ߶ʱ֧ŲסͬһͣԽԽͻȻصһըʬ޴棬Ԫͷ࣬ҲͳͳȮһ飡
أأأ
޷ֿȮһʧɫæڶǰ۷˻ʼ˻֮ϣ
ʱֽ⣬طԾһɾˣ˺ɻ˶ʱʼ߽⣬üĵԪҲͬһʱ⵽ش飡
Ҳ⵽˵ನʱѪήҲ
ͷ׸յľȮǿ̶ȣǵԤϣ׵İˣ˲ˣ
ж˵Ĳ֣ڻ̧ͷͷȮ־ŭͷȮĪΪ˶ԸҺ¹ʦͷ
Ϊ¹֮Ժ¹Ŀʦ˽⣬֮ޣʶȫΣǺһ֣ǾǿµȮʡ
ʶȥ¼
Զž޵ԪΪһһҹǵһһҹͨ˿ʬǶҪõ
ͷɢǱŶתҶעһ辣ݺȮˢȥĵʱգҺ¹ĶȮˣֻǱҶٱ˹쵰ˣû˴ǰʳµǸҼȮҺ¹Ұֻ·һ
𡪡
ȮŤͷſڴ𣬶ʱеĹ辣֦Ҷ׷״䣬ֻʣ¹ͺͺ辣ϵĻΣͳͳ߽⣬Ȯһ飬һƣ
ļûκ覴ãѩ֬ؽͦ÷ۺ죬֫ӯһգϸٲȻһλˡ

Ҷһɱûаֵϧ񣬲ݾȮſľҧȥ㽫λ¹Ĵһ̳ԣڹ֮У
˹Щԥ̾˿ԴԴȮעԼķĵֻһȪʥڣҪ뺮¹ˡ˵ȻСƤ˼ҵѶ˺÷飬ǱǲݵĽ糹׵׵ĵҲɵ¹ʵ

ŭ˵ֱܴ裬֮УδҶˣδ˴Ҷˣħʣδǰ⿪ѣ¶ȴҶ˺÷飬ֳ裬߷ߵú޲ýͳͳɱ⡣
˵ֱ޷ܴܵ裡
΢һϮ漴춯صϢӹ㺮г˻ʷΣͷҲ˲ѹæٻ˻ʷָԼȫʢ״̬ʵ
һޱǿϢϴŽֶصģѹϢ㺮ؾ
㺮ؾУ޷Զ֦裬ϸСĹţƵķ۵ĺİ׵ģ̺죬ޱȡ
ͬһС
¹ĽʼգϢ㽫ȮѹÿʼС
ٴˣٴȥգҲûѵĻᣡ
ҶһȮצǻ´ȥĵϧûлˣ
֮ǣ޲Ҳ֪ղ֮ǱһԭûϵͷȮȻԿƺ¹ķױһԭȴĴ󲿷Ϊѹ
˿ջΪָȫʢ״̬Լܴ߷֣׾٣
ߣûôף
жҶ˵ĺﵽ˼ޣ̴߶Ȯңңˢȥ
¡
һϼӹ֦Ҷɢͬһɫ˿ͬһŤĲʺ磬ϼȥһϼɨоȮĺȣͷȮжϣ
Ҷ˹ء٤˶ʱֻԼԪط·⵽εײü߽⣬Щ޷ͷȮ
ȮԶžǿҲ޷⣬ʵʵڵĻУͷȮͬҶˣƱػһ飡
ϾǵΪ޷ĳȮȮĸ׻ţԲԶž޵ʵȻһ޷ĲΣ˱
𣬼ٴˢϼٴɨͷȮβͣһϼ⣬㽫ͷԶžƷɡ
ȮҶ˱ѪвȻһϼ⣬ӵ˵ϣϼǧ֮࣬ЩϼͳͳоȮΡ
һ֮
ѹסƣ̳ǰȥվһ𣬰׷裬ɭȻ̫񹬵ķ㺮¹ķศɣͬ߶ȻܷӳһٽϹҶħͷ


564 칷ʳ
Ҷ˵ĺҲﵽ㣬˴δ̫֣ͳͳҶľȮ֮£ԼҲ⵽ش˿̼ҲһʱƬ̼δܽҶ£ֵĽ顣
̫񹬵Ľͺ¹Ľศɣˣ˻ʵʵƱܽٷӳ֮࣡
仰䣬ͻȻֻϣв⣬ͻȻֻһϼˢϡ
̫񹬵˻ʣҲδһ㱻ϼˢķ飬Ԫطͳͳ޷ѣֱӱһˢ
壬ֻһ˿ˣ˭Ҷ࿴һֻۣ·һ
㿴壬ΪһҶٱ˹أǸ޷ӳģã
Ŀ򶫻ɨȥ˿еɱͷһ亹ղҶݾȮһ˺ѣ¶Ҳ
ȻϾˣû˿֮⣬˶ɱ
Ů˴˿̴ͷ֮ϣҲɱο

΢ЦҶٱչթһʱ飬ȮԵ𣬲̫ܲ񹬱ȻȪħڲݣҪȪħѪծѪ
΢΢һ̫񹬵Ķʥ˵£ѾӦüţ´ȥ˵㣬̫񹬣ҲҴҲҽȥɱˣ
Ŀæǡ
һ̧ͷȥֻҶѾԦȮӵǻ´ַΧͼȥЦ˶Һ¹֮ʮ겻ıǻ´׽߶빥Ҳȥ
Ҫ߶ǻ´ͻȻֻһ󾪺ֻһ¹ĵӷɳɽ׷Ưڰ֮У̧ͷϿȥɫ֣̿ͬĩսһ㡣
ֻеһ£ԭԲ̣ͻȻһǡ
칷ʳ£
һ¹ɫ䣬ʧѵҪҺ¹𣿡
ǰ󣬵ȷ칷ʳ£֪칷ʳͬǰһĻȴʵʵһ칷ڴǺ¹
ǻ´ǶƵĽһԲƳɱʱͬ׻ʵȫһȴǹػ󲢲ѷɫ١
ǿ󷨣׻ˣҲ޷ƣû뵽һͷȮУȻ׽һɣ
һԲһ٣˵ĿܹﵽƱؿԿһ޴Ӱſڴ
¹ڶֻ֮УȻû⣬㺮Уȣ˰ЩҵĹҲͳͳ
һľ㺮ؾǻ´칷һգôƬؾ޷ĳ׻ǰ֪˵Ŀ
λ˿Ҳ㺮վڹϿգѰˣ˾ҲĿɿڴ֪롣
Ҫţ
һЦʦã֪СףĻϲ˰ɣʵȮǰףǴҺ¹£㽫Һ¹һ
һ£ʦ㣬㲻ɢǣôֳ飿
Ů֮ҩζʮ㣬ͷ󣬻æλȱǱ칷Һ¹ǻ´ɣҺ¹ûػǾʹ²ˡȽ߶ס
̾˿ҶȮ¹һգȷú¹ڲľأοǻ´ǶһʧǺ¹ˣҪеųꡣ
λͬ߶ֻ߿֮ϣһߣȻƳһԲХתȮС
¹λ֣ǺεȿֲӦڵǿҲҪ˱ᣬ˿Ǻ߶ǻ´ĽʱҶ˹صͳͳѹͷȮҲѹüС
ѹȥӦʦֵʦܺʦ𣬱ᱻǻ´ˡЩɣջط
״ЦһȻǧϼ裬ͬڣХµĺȥ
ʦ㣬αظϾɱ΢΢üֻµĹ㺮Ȼ𣬵һǧϼ׷顣
漴㺮ڿն𣬳Ҷѹڹ֮£Ȼ׹䡣
ǱϾӦڵʦܺʦӦڵֶλ֮ϣԲÿǴʦܺʦֻҺ¹ȽѹǵǸϸ⳥Һ¹ʧ
Ǹϴ
ŭ֦趯ʦã˼ҡɱ˵ʦܺʦ㳹׶ϾϵҲΪã㳹ǷģܹȫȫΪҺ¹£ӦڵҰģΪ׻ʣƱػҺ¹
Ӧʦֺô壬ħħħ֮һսħʽ׻磬ʦվһߣ
Һ¹׻֮⣬ħͳһ׻ΣʱҹΪħ֮ޣĸ£Һ¹Ʊеʥ֮ϣʦҲİҵ
ĸ£ʦ㣬ˣ㲻ħʵңСģ檣ĸֻ»ֲʦɣ
λǹལ۲ݡ
ͷѣλʦ㲻ˣѹ֮ãֱˣӦڵǰ⳥Һ¹ʧ޸ǻ´󣡡
ҲԴ߶㺮Ȩֻ㺮ؾĴ½֮ͻȻѿһڵѺֱۣͨڤڤɲĿռ䡣
Ѩѿ޾ħͬһڵ߿գֲޱȡ
㺮𶯣Ҷ˷׷׹Ѻ֮Уʧ
㺮˿ЦѺʦٳħߣеĿռ临ӣϹʱڱѹ˲֪ħͷκ˱ѹҲѡ㣬㣬Ҷٱ˹Һ¹£ǶѹħߣֱΪΣ
Цѣȥã±㽻̫񹬵֮£
Ҳ̾˿ĵħʦѹаħĵطλҲײܽ룬ᱻֻӦʦҲ޷ȳˡ
ħߵĴţ˵ʵ㿪ٺ¹һʥأʵĲˬ˻ڵǿǰ£ص׻ġ
Щ˻ͳͳ£⴦صĵعͳͳѹ档
⴦ħߣвλ¶Ժ¹ħͷҲͳͳħУвΪӦڵǵּǿĴڣ
ʱգʮ֮ãδһܹ⴦صĵعѳȥ
Ӧʦ֣Ҿˣǻ㿴ǵ˵ˡ̾˿Ҳȥ


565 
ħУҶ˹ɼ·׹ȥͬ׹һ޵׵Ԩ
Ҷһ¥¥׳ӰȻ֣ΧͬվھȮ֮ϡ
Էģλ˹λ˻ʣӴʲôֲĶҲֵܵһ
Ũɱ
٤ʲôط
ĿſĿɨӣȴûзʲô״
Ȼһȭֻռ΢΢ζ漴ƽϢüͷͷĿռ䣬˼ӹ̵ͬͰһ㣬޷գӴ˵ѳȥ
¹ѹȻǵĵ϶޷Ӵ˵ѡ
Ҷջش߶ȮԪ񣬳϶йŹ֣СΪȮ㽫ĸ׵ʬˣȻָΪӦ⣡
٤˹ص˷׷ջطط࣬ȡָΪ
߶˻ʼĳȮļ󣬼ǺħĴ˹˻ҲܲסΪĵ߰˰ˡ
СڹſڽĸУȻ٤ļͷ¡
Ԩ֮Уɭ⣬Թ޾ɱ
ԹҵĺëȻɱ罣ƺܹ۳ʵʣ۲ɲǵ巢ϸǡʶԪط֮Уݺи
ΪʵԵ͵ˣֻƬԨ̻ᱻɱ飬Ҷһ˶ʵǿ֮ȮƹΪҲﵽڵľ磬˹λ˻۷İڴˣɱ޷κǡ
֮⣬һֲֿѹ֮ѹǵΪ·ԨһȻɢֲļ¶ѹһС
εԨȥ
䵽Ԩĵײֻǽ´ѵ죬ҶͷȥֻǽµʬǣЩʬѸãͷޱһȼ顣
˹Ц¹ֹѹǣѹˡ֪ǽѹѰһͨӳȥ
Ϊõ˻ʣĿǰľϣ㹻İѡ

Ȯ٤ͷһȹǣƨƨߵܵ٤ǰ˷ܵҡβ͡
٤ɫһڣŭӲŲֹͷϲԴģ۵ģһҧ£ѪɽѪɵ֣
ȮۣȹܵҶǰβҡ÷·糵һ㡣
ҶЦЦӹȹǣԶֻƹ̼һȥ׷Ǹͷȥˡ
õĵһȻ׷ͷϷһꪣǩƹΪΪм
٤Լƹе飬һŭһŭȺ˰гְƹԸӣܹΪһ
뱦Цѣɭɭ˵һ˵磿磬Ǿһ𹷶磬⣡

Ȯ׷ȹǣƨƨߵܻҶе
ͷ٤ŭ޴йЦһǸȹǣ׳

ȹǱȫӳ˲Ӱ٣֪δȥˡ
ʵֲޱȣȹֻ±׳أȮ˷ܣǰȥʧ
ٺ٣һֻҲزˡ
٤ͱͶһۣλЦѡ
Ǻ¹ħߣ
˹ĴһۣͻȻһ£ɫ䣬̽һץֻһͷǷУɫ粻˵ħУѹĶ˻ʼǿߣʮ꣬δܹħѣ⼸߿ݹǣǱѹ˻ʣ
٤ɫҲˣʧܣ˻ʵʴ˻֮˵ûãЩʬ˻ʣôܸʴ绯ӣ
˻ܱ֮ϣЩʬôܻ˻ʣü
ҶϸͻȻڵЩʬӦ˻ʡûиоԼڵľڻţ
٤΢΢һᣬȻԼڵľţŵٶȼ޷졣ָΪΪǵûʧڻǸ޷΢仯
ҶЩʬ֮Իḯõ˻֮Ƶħеãǵľţ˻ʵľϵǵľֻҲúЩһһѿݹǡ
ǰȥͻȻͣһ޴ʬǰʬǸʮɣ๣˫ᣬӦһλ˻ʡ
ʬǵһصͬһȨȣȨȵĶһ޴Բ̡
Ӧһ˻̲֮к嫵ܣ˿ȴͬ˿о
Ҷ̽ȨץȥֻһȨȵ飬һ̳
ħ˻֮еҲһɶ
Ҷ񲻽ͷë⴦ħ߹Ȼаŵúܣ˻֮ҲܱȫеɱĸϡеݼҲգܼرɷִӷҽ
˻ʬǣһ˻ʬǣλ˻󣬾Ų㱦ֽ⣬׻磬Ƭ׻ҲԷֽ⣬ֻʣģģıۼ
˹غ٤˸Ҳз֣һ˻ֽ⣬˻֮Ҳͳͳֽ⣬û˿
ȡеױֻǸԵױҲʼ־ŵڻ
ٶȥٹʮ꣬Ϊᱻɡ٤ü
üֻ֧Ŷꡣ
ҶԲ̾˿Ϊ٤˻֧꣬ȴֻ֧ʮꡣ
ӵоŽ״ܹԴԴϵĲģΪͻͽ࣬ʱڻ赣ǱΪ
ǵȵĹ⣬ȴıֻ·һ
˹س뾡ҵһȥĵ·ǳڴ˵صʱԽԽûӳȥϣ
ǼǰȥҶʦѵʷû˴ӳȥ
˹ɫأҡͷûСħǶѹ˲֪ͼԺ¹˻ʣûһܹӴ˵ѡ¹ץ֪ԺյħͷҲѹڴ˵أЩһѹҲûгֹħУʲôȡеΪ
ֲĸоʷϺ¹ħѹ˲֪ٶ˻ʣЩͳͳûѣ˹ԼʵЩ˻ȣֻŵβλãЩ˻ûѣֻӲɡ
ƹܵȥˣ٤ЩǣԼѹͷӵ̫Զ
ţֻȮһСܱ˻һò񻰵ȹǡ


566 һλ׻ʣĴ
ȹǳʮɣͬһͷ޵Ĺͷ٤ӶЩ쳣ȥȹǳߣôգۼ㳤޴
Ȼƹûҵ٤𶪳ȹǣ·һ˻ͼɻء
ͷǴŪģ
˹ɫһϲæȮнȹǶ΢΢ȻûȹǣɹЦȻûڴ˵ص˻ʣ˽ܣǵֶΣ϶ҲѰ뿪ħߵķȻЩѾѰĳؼڣԴ˵ʬǲɱãûб׳⾫
ͷĹͷȮͷбۿ˹أ죬һǲˬ
٤˴ϲæߴٵض˻֮ǣҪٹͷжٹͷ߿ߣȥͷĵط
ͷǿϣǰЩ˻ѾѰ뿪ħߵǿ϶Ҳϣ뿪˵ء
˼ǰȥֻҶԭء
ٱѵ㲻һȥ˹ػͷ
ҶҡҡͷҲΪҵλ˻ʵ֮أ뿪˵ءѰҵķȷĻô֮ǱȻһ·ѱľ棬Ҳûκջ񡣡
˹سһ£ҧΣܹһϣ
һǰɳ۶ȥҶ̾˿Ҳǡ
ûãһߴɵͨǰͨôкһ·
˵ķӦޱۺԶ˹أ˻е˻ʣеİķգͨȶʮ겻
һӵ룬ͨǰɳ۶ȥûȮͷĵطͨҲ˾ͷ
ֻһޱȸߴʬǺʬͨǽǰλޱǿ˻ʣδһ뿪ĵ·߶
·ͨ
ͨǽϣдĸѪĴ֣ҶԵޱȷ̡
˹ϸϸӦֻͨоŵٶ˲ٱӦøӦߣħ߼ȡٶȱ˲Żѡ·ϧλ˻ʵķңվûܴһ·
٤˴ͷɥԭΪѰһһҲˡ
һλ˹ص۷˻ʣҲûܴգ뿪˵أȻӲɡ
ʦλûʲôڳڵľ
ҶĿЦ֮Ӧ׷ԴѰҵħߵİأֻҪƽİأ뿪˵Ȼ׾١
˹۾һЦҶСӣԹһЩҸߣ
ϸϸӦ򣬴߳ͨǰȥ
Ҷ˸ĽŲֻһ·ϣˡħ˻ʬǳ֣ȻЩѹڴ˵˻ʣҲҶͬ뷨ѰȡǾΪĶǸƣӶҵ뿪˵صİ취
ϧǣЩ̫뵽һʱѾķԼеֻߵɥ
һ·ʬǱأҶԽԽЩ˻ҲǾɾ֮Ҳڴ˵أԼǰ̲á
ڣߵ·ľͷǰȻһ޴ĵص׹
ƬعΪӴռǧӵعޱȻɬϢߵڵľŵýӿ죬Ȼ˻ʹãȥǵܿĹ⣬ջᱻΪ;
һʯֱͨعʰ׶ϣͻȻֻһɺϢѹǹžž졣
׻ʵϢҶɫһ׻ʵϢΪ׾ٱʶӵعдıȻһλȥ׻ʣµĿֲϢ
˹ɫأعлнϢ
Ҷһϸϸʶ̸оعɢϢУֻһɣнǿֲѹ
ңѹֹһĵ֮࣡
˵Ƭعйļ
ѵҪˣ٤
תҶعļһ׻ʵٻ٣ɵͷɭƱؿͳһħ򣡡
еȻħʣΪҶħʶ̫ӣٻħʷ٣ռļ׻
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷĦ졭
һȴһƬƽ̹ħʵķδӦ˺Ӷٴ˵ء
Ҷ̾˿ħǶռ䶼޷ӦǡңħԽ٣Ҳδɱȥοһ߷
Ƕ׻ʺļϢǰعȥҶоǣعд׻ʽϢûԤеǰֲСࡣ
ط˵ļһ׻ֻеһҲԽѹô粽У˹ȵ˻ʣҲ޷
ȻΪ⵽ѹѹȴʮܡ
ߵʯ׵ľͷع֮УͻȻһ߾޴ʬǳǰ
ʬ˱ۣأ֪ʲôǿߡ
壬Ҳħ壬壬֡
˹ϸϣҲûм壬֣ɻǷ֪仹壿
٤ҡͷѣҶҲ֡
߰˱ʬǣѾ׷绯ɱ˻ǰֲϢûбħ߸ʴɢ˵ļ¶
˵ʬǣһױ٤۾һ̽ʬץ
ͻȻֻһ죬һ澵Ӵʬǵе䣬ֻеױѾħʴûҽֻ澵ɱԭ״
Ҷֽ̽澵ץ΢ֻɢƹâ´ȥסǵ
汦أסֻΪʧٶޱ
˹۾һ̾ñ˴˾Ǿ޷뿪ħߣҲԶʮϰ꣡
˾ܣǰļܺ׻Ϣѹعȥ
ͻȻҶ񿴵ǰһΰӰڵعһ֮Уɢޱȿֲѹޱȡ
ΰȴһ쳣ߴĸо
ɱŨҶһۿȥ֮·һƬѪ죬ͬޱ޼ʵѪڻΧ
ǰȻһλ˫İ¾׻ʵľ粻Զû뵽ȴƬع֮С

ԼѪǰĵдѪĴ֣֪дʱǺεȵľ
λǡǧǰݺµ
˹ϳˣݣ˵Ϊͨ쳹أ׻ֻһ֮ңвλʥʥصʥˣ˴ֽħΪʱаճɾ׻ʵİ
һλӦڵİһĳ˻ʻҪǿ֪٣ħҲ޷ʴϧͬҲ
ӦѾ˵عѰعȡΪİأȴûѰ뿪ķ
ֻŲЩأǿ˻ҲûѰ뿪;ǵϣã
٤ޣʵѪ⣬һҧѪɽޱ۵֡Ȯգգ۾٤⣬


567 ΥĽ
ܱ֮Ϊޱǿᣬ޽ӽ׻֮⣬һԭǾʱԶ
ǧǰ޵ǿߣӦڵǸεǧĹħ߻޷ʬ׸ʴ
ʱƣΪͨ쳹أҲᱻȡеһѿݹǡ
ΪӲҳԣ
٤ЦץȥٺЦԵһλ޽ӽ׻ʵ˻ӵΪһ˵˻ʵľ磬Ϊ֮Ĵڣ
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ҶЦһս˫ȭаܣļԼһ׻ӦÿȥħߣԽĴֳĿ˰ɣ


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˹٤˵Բ۾ֵĿһš
˰Σ˹¶ѹ˵ɫ֣̽ҶؿڣǺЦͻŮˣ

ҶŭȷĴ֣ЦʦŮˣҲֱȥӵأ¹־Ǵڸң뵽ԼĽ֮УҲ¹Ľ˵澭澭Žֻ˲Ҳ֤ˣ
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˵أҶ΢ЦȻЦ⣬ȴ¶ɭȻɱ⡣


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ʦ˫۷Ź⣬ճյؿԶԪ񣬴ߴٵ죬ҡ


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һ㣬˹ҲòҶҶȪħڣʮ꣬ûʦָУҲûдӻȪħеõԴȫһ֮ľ硣
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Щˣֻһ̱˴оģҶôıҲǱҶ裬̫񹬵ʧܡ
ʹĵ飬̫񹬵ħʵĴƣ˫Ϊ֮ͬħʵֶΣ϶ᰵ¹һղʳ̫񹬣սħһʥ̲ú¹Ϊɣ
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ħıĴƣȴУħʱŭΡ
㲻㡭¶һ˿ЦûϵҶȻһѾΪ׻ʵĸҶ󱣡
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ˣǼҶʱûΪҶˣҶ󱣸״ֻҲè塣
ѵǸʣ׻ʣҶҶٱǸˣһλ׻ʵң


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ѹʱ˺Ƥ񶾵䣬ǾС˻ͬˣıҺ¹Һ¹ƱػᱻȪħ̲ʱʦĻҵһͳͳҪòҲ̶ã
ˣֻߵΪ
Ӧڵ΢΢һЦѹͳͳѹ֮УˣҲɱ㣬ֻѹ֮꣬Ϊ׻ʣٷʱֺᷢ¹֮ǿ֮ʢԶܱ⣡
һץ趯ýʵʵ
أ㺮ؾ֮Уڵ£ѹ
ǻݼµĴӦڵĿھϣЦ
Ȼ΢Цȴ˿Ŀеɱ˴㷴ΪĴƣҲҪֶΣ¹оͷͳͳ֮ѹάͳελ
˶һۣЩ֪롣
ӦڵѾжٶδ֣ٶǰѾ۷˻ʣ޵еֻǵֲܲʤܣٴγ֣ȴûжԼֶΣǽһһ۷˻ʣȴǴѹƣ
Ϊ֮ǰ£̣ȪħڣҲ̲Һ¹Һ¹ͬ׻ʣ
λʦãһ֮
̾˿ӦڵͻȻ֣ķڣѹȡ֮λνΪƣΪ꣬һ۰ķ緶
񣬿ǲӦĻӦڵ̳֣ͳͳѹΪ¹֮ȡ¹ĴȨƿغ¹¹ɻȪħڵ
Ӧ»лأҲƽƽΪˣΪΪѡһλȨú¹Ȫħڡ
뵽°ݣڳƴλҲ׷°ݣĴ֮λ
ϲ㺮к¹ĵλͣԼƿغ¹ȨѸ£Ȫħˡ
֪¹λȪħϢʥصĶУĺ䶯
ʦ֣ʦܺʦ𣬴˿̻ħУֻ׶༪٣ҪǷųҵΪ޷쵽Щ飬Ӧڵ
ǸСӣѾ˳ҳ־ˡ
ӦڵЦЦңһʲƸɼױĪʦûп
кȻ죬Ŀ֪࣬˵ʲôǺá
Ӧڵ뻳ĵٱŴθ鷳ȴһ¡֣ױȨƿغ¹
һɣ׻˽У¹һʥѾˣʱɱʥ֮Уû˺¹¹Ҳֵ֣ʥصĺɱټһδǳ˽ٵѶȣСࡣ
СܶȢϱѸʥʥŮͳͳˣһҵ׻˽ٱ᲻ɡвȤζ


579 ѳ
̫ɴڱŭ֮У̫뺮¹֮£ԭģֵ½š
˴ǰ¹ӭףǽ׻еʥǰ¹δûʥ֮⡣ˣ˫ȻΪǿʵʵ׻ʣ˭Ҳӱ˭
ƾðһҶ󱣣Ҷĸ磬ȥֻºܿҲֵ½ţʥأʿ̫񹬵Ц澡ʧ
ʥ£Щԡ
¶˼֮ɫҶҶٱѾ֪˳ţǻȪħڸİɽһһݵСطС塣Ѫͳ΢δʲôԺյɽˮôһλ׻ʣ
һͣ½Ų򶫻㻳ɣ
ԽԽǾòԾ侲ֵһɣǼٵģҶٱһƶˣνʣǴ˵
ܣо׻־춯صѹһλ̫񹬵ǿʧ
㽫һλ׻ʵʬ⻯Ҳܴ߷׻ֲֿϢ
˼ҡͷҶٱѾѹڹ㺮ؾеħڣħߣ˹֪˻ʣһҶٱ޷ħѡȻ޷ѣôðʣ
˵棬ֻҪһԣ֪˾ǲ׻ʣ
Ȼ̧ͷȣҶ󱣣
̫гʵ֣һæһɢԶԶأΨҶ󱣸Ӧ٣Ǻɱ
Ƕ죬Ҳ㷲һٴеӣŵĹעΧĿռ䣬ĵ̫˵ϣʧʽٺɱƴҲҪİΣ
ãܷƽ˾ռ䲻˿ϵκͷŭԽԽŨ
ٵģȻǼٵģ
Ҷ󱣣ʲôƨ׻ʣ
ѵǸҶٱΪɱ˶ҹҲУ

Ҳ죬Ƕʱֻ񻹱ڹΪҶ񱳺׻ʳ֪࣡
ҶٱͻȪħڣ̫
߳ŭɱһζһ˺֮ǣȻ̫񹬣̤ƽȪħڣ
ǻص̫񹬣̫еĸ֣һʱȴֽӵһϢ¹ʣ⵽ȨȪħˣΪͬˡ
ϢȻһ̾ް׷·һ˲ǧꡣ
ʥҪȥȪħ𣿡һ̫񹬵ǿʵ
̫񹬣Ȫħڣѹ¹һȴ޴սʤ֡
ǺһЦԵЩǣҡͷøӦڵøҶٱ˷ΪƣΪֶۣ֮꣬ΰ
̧ͷĿɨ̫ӣ̫񹬵ĵӣ޲ͣ˽е˽ܣڽϣ޲ǶЩɫȴûһ˿Ҷмʧ䣬ҶҶٱĪ棬Ҫ˱ᣬ߶Զ߶Զˣѳ򣬲ܶԸû޳˻ʣûаնȹ׻ʴʱҲĪ˽档Ǳ󣬵ĿǰĶ֡
ɬȻǧζӿͷͷǡ
ҶٱһλѾΪ׻ʵĸ磿Ȼܣ
УׯϢʧհʦλʽʲô֣
Ҳ𾳵Ϲǰ¹μ˵Ĵλհʦصʥ֮󲻸ҵæϢ֪еĸ߲㣬䶯ׯǴ͵ĵӣȻҲС
λʣǽɣ̫񹬵Ķҹ˵֣㱻УʥҲֻܿš
հʦʵҪֿ˵Ҷ󱣣һ
ׯЦҶٱˣΣ֪ĵϸȴһΪ׻ʵĸ磬УСֶˣҶ󱣣ҳ
ɮɫ߳ѵׯŴ治ɮȴãȴ˿
Ҷ󱣣ƭүհʦƤǺ죬ǿ޶ɮõĴʦҲŭ𣬷߷ߵһֿڡ
հʦ֣ˡ
֮ʱڿڣҶٱȺŪڹ֮䣬˼˴αȻǵõ׻ʵٽ׻֮ǡֻѾײǣֱǡ㣬㲻Ҫ̫㽵ħˡ
ڴʱСʥҲһλɮ߷ߵŭյʣյҶ󱣣Щƭʥ
ĸʥأħҲ֮ЩҶһҲû
˿ѾصȪħڣǷ壬ȡŽ״˹ء٤֣ĽɫǷ塣
ֻǷУΡΡɽ¡𶯣޾ĵǣɽڽڰθߣһӱ㳬ɽɽͷ֮䣡
ǾŽ״ã֮޾ĵɽɽеһУ¹Ƿ
˴ʱ䣬ɽֹͣ˿ɽѾѹɽͷ֪߲֪ѹɽ£ɽͷ͸߿ɷɷϷγһƬɽ׳ޱȣ
ȪħڣʮɽеɽУǿ߷ɳĿĿɽԡ
˹Ҳ۷ǳȻΪȪħڵǰѾѷλȨʹþŽ״
Ҷ˿̵ĴԶȪħˣֻӦڵѷɫһۺȡ
̵֮̾࣬ҶСӣֻǲ֮ѹסôӴɽýסˣŽ״пߣǱ֮УҲпܻᱻ͵ȥ
˶ָָ֣˵ͨʥأҪнѹˣΪľǱŽ״ʧ߱˶ȡ
Ļʳѹ¾Ž״ۼ޷ĲƸӴĻʳþŶѹʥأȺ۸׳Ƴ춯ҶЩ˿֮ģѹˡ
ȪħҲоŽ״ֻѹͬʱȺۡ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣䷹ʽǽȻ䷹ܴ𣬵ѹҲ㹻ˣ׹ʵ޷߶ȡֻ̳ź䷹ʽգڹǷ֮ϡ
¡
ɽʱѹǧ֮࣬漴Ҷ˹٤붯֣Ž״ͷ׽ֻ䷹ʱɫ⣬ֱ⣬νǧ˿ɶ
˹غ٤ޡ˳ճյؿɽͽã˹ĵ̾˿ǷѾһȪʥڵĵڶʥأٱѳɡ


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580 
ǷоŽ״ɽн䷹ʽѹ˲¡ҶѾһССʿͨĴףѳľͷ
˹صڹǷ֮ϣٲȻһﰲ仧Ҳߵļơ
٤ͱˣҲڹǷϿٶǣŽ״
ľŽ״ÿղ粻ܹ֧˻ʵҶҲȻϡ
һֱڹǷ˹غ٤޵ڴˣԱ֤Ƿ岻˿ţûм˵ҴǷ壬ȡ䷹;Ž״
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ҶûûεŪһŽ״ι¥ҵ¥ΪŲ۷֮¥Ǹöá
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ÿһ¥൱һȶС磬¥һ㣬ÿһһ֡ʿ¥߱ġ
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Ҷ¥㣬ֻ칬֮䣬ͷϹڹĶ׻ʵķԼԼļҵ
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ѵ֪ʯԽԽأʯɽ޷
ҶһͻȻ棬Ǻʱȥ󶦣ŶΪһ壿
ܴ߶ôһ䣬ר־
Ҷ̾˿ĿǰʵΪȷ޷߶˻֮ԷӣҪȷûжô
㣬չ˳˳Ľ¥߲㡣
¥ÿһ㶼һ飬ʱҪԪ񣬵Ҫ߲Ŀ澭޳硣
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ҶͻȻصǰһƬ磬תͬһƬδٵС
ɣɣ¥߲ĻУһ
ҶǰʲôҲƳſ磬ֻһС
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ӿ룬ƶΪأһ֮ĸ֮ĸо
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ҶǺ棬ʽͥзɳսʱֻһŵһѺۡ
꣡
ѺԽԽֻ࣬ɫ޵ͻȻһأأһ뵵ĳ

һҶˮҡҷˣ漴һȻˮ档
ţֻһӤ֮Уչ֫˸Ƿ
Ӥ̤ˮһָ죬һָأúܣΪۣϵ£ΨҶ𡭡
Сƨúܣһʶ֮־
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ҶĪ¥߲㴫ڸĽ֮УԶֹһ׽ǶǾԪʼÿһֶǿǿ
һŽԺУŽ죬ȴֺƵ
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Ҷ˴ԼѧнϹһ쾭һŽһҲ˵ֻһ
ǣǶǾֻԪʼǺ෨˾޳֮ǿƥʵԸᣡ
Ƿֿ뵽쾭
ҶüͷֿĻʮǾ۵۵Ԫʼ۵ĺ෨
ȫĻķѵĹ޷㣬뻨ʱ䣬ܽŽ޳ɣ
쾭ԽЩϹһеŵ㣬ƱԶԶκһֽ
ҶϸϸĦֽȻķ֣Щһϸʴ۾־ķţÿһֶԳϵںֽ¶ʱںѰ쵽
ңں֮쾭ữʲôӣǺǻҲûеס
ˣԿܲܽķںϣϹһܣǾͷֿ
ںЩôҵӦýʲôأ
Ҷ΢΢쾭ǹĦٵؾм˵λٵص֮⡣
ǳɹ
Ҷ߳¥ʷͥνЩΪһ¯ĥ˿Ͼɽˮ֮䣬ң⣬ɰ¡
Ϊ£Խ񣬲ʼնڷһƷľ磬û˿
֪һʱȥǻص¹ʡףȻҶ֮ޣϾǺ¹ĵӣο¹˿̻ȨȪħУյĳԹҶҲϡ
ЩѾֽһ֣ڵţһĻۣҶǷһüչ顣
ΪԽԽ
ҵʣʵֻ¥߲㣬ླѾﵽʵļˡ
Ҷ̾˿¥߲⺮¥е¥飬߲㺮¥ʣĻֻ޳طڵľͷԵ𾳡


581 ͬΪı
ÿ˵ʷ¥¥ʿʺǱ¥ʿֻ̥ȸߵľ磬ûпܡ
Ҷԭʱͨͨ񾵹ͨϿɣ߲񺮹¥ζӵླʺǱ
Ȼ͵¥ڵ¥飬ҶѾ̶ֻླʺǱླѾﵽʺǱ۷塣
ʺǱĹ⣬ΪŻԽԽûнչ
࣬࡭
Ҷ٤ĶѯʴླУ뱦λҲڣȴǾۼһβܴ򿪵ھֺıݣɾħ˻ʡ
ླؾ磬һǷڣԽ۳࣬һŽζһ߷ǧٱԪ񡣡
٤Ҷɻ󣬵Ҷʦ̵ң˷أط죬취Ȼɽ۷࣬Ȼ෨࣬෨࣬޳طࡣ
Ҷͬ飬ԡ
٤˵Ĺ£޷⡣
Цء࣬ԽΪԪΪ࣬ԷΪԵΪ
Ļۣ࣬Ҷûоĸ
Цֻ˵ûãһǵط࣬򡣡
΢һţͷķ߳һߴɵĹħ壬ͭǣħݺᣬںħƣǿҸ磬̤ס
ķͻȻС߲ɵСţͷˣ漴޾ĵӿΧСţͷֻһɹħ
Ǳĵͬһ񣬸޾֮С
ٴݻּСһɹɵһָɽֹĸо
٤ޡλҲ׷ݻط࣬Ҷ
ãҶ̾˿߳٤ĶȻλطľ֮ʩչд򣬲ȴ޷ͻΪ
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Ҷ壬ݷ˹أֻүλ̫ϳһţ֡
Ҷæݼλʦʦ˵ԼֻСɽ̫ϳɺЦֻ谴սͰȻȻɣȥˣ
ˣ𾳣ʾĻãླд󣬱ǰһ磬޷ߵľ磡̫ϳ˼ȻЦ
Ƿƨ
˹غȵģӵۣеϷ֮ླ磬ᣬȻȻ޳ɣ
λϸ㼺飬ȴͬΪԼȷģ˵ǴģҩζŨ첱Ӵ֡ǰ֣ڵľɣЩ
ҶԲ۾ֻЩϹ￪ʼˤƱӣֻº֣ܿæǣĵླ򣬸ͬѵླûй̶ģʽ
󲻽⣬ѯôˣҶѾнʮֵླȴ޽⡣
ҶСӣβȥڵɽѾ˹ѹ̫ϳϣæ֮Ҷе
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Ȫħ̳δȴЦݴ˳
֣Ӧʦڲڣ
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Цղʦң⣬Ѿ֪֣˵һ֪
ȡһŰֽҶϸϸۿֻдһɷġ֡
ҶϵܣҲѾڵ۷壬ʱླҲǰѯʦʦֽң˵ࡣ
Цҷȥ飬ȴ֪ʲô˼ҶֵܣǷʦ˼
Ҷȥ֣Ҳɻ󣺡Ӧʦ֣϶С
΢Ԫһ֧ëʣīӦڵµġԣдͬġ֣ϸϸĦͻȻȻЦˣ
ɶͷԣҶϵܣʲô
ҶѱʵݸЦ֣Ҳдһ֡
иɻдһ֣ʲôʲôûᵽ
֣һô
ҶЦдĵ֣дģӦʦдģͬνͬΪıĵĵͬһĵҪԼȥߡӦʦ֣¾˼ɣ
ƺ˼֮УҶЦ˷ءط죬취ȻȥԼĵӦʦֲླԭ֣ླĻ
ҶؽԼеɻҲȻʣƮȻȥ
Ӧڵδָһ·ǸµķԼȥ٤ޡ˹ص˵Լľ飬ҪӸЧ
ޣླѾʺǱܴﵽ۷壬Ӧڵµ֣ȴ˹
ʻͬҲȫĿǰʣ޳ط࣬ླ򣬶طӦãԼɾͣ϶˸
ѰԼĵ⡣
ҶڹǷϣϸϸ˼ƺһֱھھ¥ķԼط˿˾ϡ
¥ķãǱ˵ĵֻԼĵ;
ҶѾɷЦ¡¡Ƿ壬Լط࣬ȻһЩֻҪѰԼĵ·ƱسɾͻԶˣͨླͬڴͨ𾳣ʾ

һɫӰɰԾҶͷţ֣ϻͷȥ
Сӣߣ
ɽͻȻɳһͷ;޴ȮſѪ죬ˮͬٲңҶͷĻҧȥ
Х죬ͷⲻӣһͷ
Ҷ̽һֻ֣ȮķһķɣûкӺֲ壬ôµһ
ȮѾ׷ɱʱ˿Щ֣Ҷ˻ȥ㬵Ĵɽ·ҼϣĿ˿ϵĻˮֱһͷлӡҳһڣ⣬ұ֪ǲˡ
ί֣צĽиͣȻϹޣ޷ȮͷԶžȣοȮͱ࣬гɵ֡
ǻغ¹ʡף٤ޡᡢ˻ڳ˻ڣҶԴڹǷֻ¶Լĵ棬Ĵߡ
Ҷ񾲼˼ȮȻɽ
໡Ҫ
ƹվҶͷ໵ĽлҶɫһڣԼƹǲһȷľ


582 죬
ҶУʾκֻͨһڹ飬ɽˮңڣΨһгıƹǽųԵԵǸԲ֮ҹƹҪܵɽϣɧĳ໺һ
֪䣬֮ãϢļҵĶѾɹͻƣΪླľͷʵ۹Ĺ
ûãϢ̫񹬵ĶҲѾͻ࣬Ϊͷ̫صµĽ̨ľ硣
ԯȱһϵżУѰԯµʮ죬ڽʮ켯룬ϲһ
ԯҵĽʧ˿ڹԯûջشɽԯȱʹá
ڸʥͻƵϢԴӴֺ¹֮ҶѾһʱ䣬ĹʣѾЩϢû
ɽ˲ųɧ¡
ȮվҶͷֺ̾ܿЩһôܱȵϱ𣬱ͳɾͷˣ
ҶǰУЩӲûջȻĵ˵档
ǰͽȻٶȼ죬ȱһֳۣħʱΪͻƣڶ̶̰ʱ̾ŸС磬̫죬ķ̫󣬵¾粻ȡ
Լǰľһ飬һ飬ȻΪûжĽѾ׹̡
ԪΣԴ͸ݣ硣
񾳵ľ磬Ҷԭͽûг޳񾳵ͨ񾳵ľ糹׹̣Ԫĸñͳͳ޳ɡ
⼸ʱ䣬ȻҲն񣬶Լླ˴µ˼·
˷أط죬취ȻҴѰӵѰ죬ѰأѰ
ҶˮһȴҪȻƳࡢࡢ࣬Ӷ޳ط࣡
ޣһͰֻ;ܿĹؿ
ʽνУѰҲҶ֮١
һ죬ԼܾʼȻѾ̶ôҪͻʵĽֻУ߳һû߹ĵ·߳һҲ޷ҵĵ·
ڣߵ֮ϣ֪޸ȺԶԶȥֻһͭվںˮ֮У޸֮ͭϡ
ͭͬһλ߸ϵĻߣ͸¶İ
ҶУ̻ʵͭ񣬴ͭʽ칦ӡԼ޸̻ͭʵģЩƣƲ޸ͭǴ̻ʳһλʵۡ
˿ּͭԽԽܡ
ӡ͹½Ǵ̻ʳʵһŽŽҪӵϵĹ£¼ܴ߶ӡ
ҶƲ⣬ŽǷ˼ĽǴ̻ʳ֧ߣڸ̻ʳš
̱۴ݻ٣ͭĿȥ֪Ϲ׻ʵͭУûвһʽӡ
ͭ˫֣޸ڣҶ޸ľӵţTйһ֮ԵҲԸƻ޸ȺһֻȻƯڰ֮УһͭĿ
ͭѾʮ֮ã֪жῡܣɾ֮ͭʽ׷ʧܶա
ֻҶ֪ͭĸܣ½۹½֣ͭЩʲô
ˣ
Ȼֳ½֣ѭתݣ˫ʮָԾͭһģһӡɶȻ·һֻȻɵĵС
죬첻ӡ
ҶһӡʱһɻȻãϢȻ·ΡΡص磬أƬزҲزҲ
Ĵڣ·ͳ
̲ͭصһʽӡо첻ӡӡУǿӡ
ӡʩչޱȺ嫹㲻ٲŲ룬·һ˿ɶ˿ƣ
ҾǾ죬Ҿ㲻
Ҷвص·һ̣ıͳ㲻롣
һּΪǿӡûκһʹӵ޿ƥеķ
õһʽӡ𣬽޸ͭģƮȻȥû޸ľԼɵĴ㡣
Ҫѧȫӡֻһ棬̽һ̽׻֮Ĺ
Ҷһˣ̼սս֮ϣ󺺾ڷȥ
ߺûã޸вӰ𣬷׷ȥ
ҶƵ˴Լʱʼû˲ֱӡӡʩչʱű˷ȴѹס޷ȵҶ뿪ܹж硣
ղ˾˭
ɫɲʧǿϢѹҲ޷ѵ·˵صǰ·˵أĦͭ񣿡
ôûж̰ǵ޸ֻ¶߱Ҳ׾١һ૵
һЦ־޸˵¸編ۣڵҲȥ񣬸˵ˡ
ţһЦ޸Ƹ¾Щ˵еʥҲҪۺ졭
ҡͷЩһûмʶΪ޸µʥء
սٶȼ죬ͬһڿзǰûãɹ󺣣½ء
֪ҵǸΦڴս֮ϣܲսٶȸ켸֣
Ҷ˺֮ģΦȡս֮ϣʱսٶȶȻ¡һײգƿһ󶴡
һ̣ս֮⣬Ҹոײգһͷ˽ȥٴδԽ
ٶȣò˵ռ䣬Ȯ˷ܵſڴͷ໽иͣ
սռ䣬գۼԽʮظأҶͻȻǰһ޳ǣһ״ڣ̾޳Ͽգͷ⣬צ
䣡
սͻȻһ٣ٶȱ仺ɫӹ̿ռ䣬ô˵صĿռޱȼӲսȵĲ֮Ҳ޷ײơ
ʲô˵ڵ۶Ͽͣս
һɫĴ֮зɳһսսһ޴ط𣬴һףͷͬһһ̽Բսץȥ
ǵ۶
Ҷ΢΢һоⱩ䣬λǿߵطӶĿⷴ۶пȥ
ʼʵۣ˼ʱߺҪҲҪһˣ
۶ҿ˭ȡĴأ


583 
·ľ޳Ǳǵ۶صĹ޳ǧռ֮ڣɫͬϽʳޱߵϡ
Ҷ񿴵Զһΰɽͱڶʮɽ֮࣬Щɽͬɽʯۣͬ㱼ΪʮʱԴӵڿն
ΪŨ˿ͷĴɽ֮ϣȴһӲӵͭɽ
Ǵص֮ʮͭˣʼʵƵİƷѹ֮۶
۶ռ֮ȻȪħʥظӺΰ׳ۣʮʮͭѹе뵽۶֮Уõ۶Ȼһʥأڵ۶Զ硣
ֱʣֻػµĵۻʲܰ쵽ʼʵڴгΪ׻ʣͳһ֮־
ϧĵ۹ȴռݣҶվڴս֮ϣ۶ȥֻ·ľ޳ǹ๬ͬȺǣʳ
صǿһץս㽫Ҳ֮ץסҶȻ
ҶԦսֱײȻð˵۹ϡǧأκ˵أûһ˵˷οҶԦ¥ðػʵϡ
ʵȻѾླ۷壬ط࣬ʵǿᣬǿߣڸʥ֮Ҳ࣬ײ֡
ڴӴĵ۹˵۹ǵǿɣۼԴ޷ΪĴס
ӣȮ˫۷Ź⣬סط࣬е
ʲô
ؽԴһ£ԣطƹȴӣʲô
Сӣοӣ
Ȯϲ⣬ͻȻԴһΣСɽСһҧȥλؽطֵҧϣ
꣡꣡
ƹźϣһ·˳ֱǰҧȥλǿط첲һؽҧɣͷս̽ʮһֱطҧȥȻ㽫˵طͳͳɣ
ˣڵ۶㻹ݹף
ǿ־ŭæջط࣬ʵνط̲صԶԪ񣬲ȮԶžޱμ׾ȮԻһֱۣطܴ
۶ҰĵطСӣֻ·һŭһ߶սսݺײȥ
Сӣ磬Ҽ棿
ȮֽУŴͣ޿ͬһڶȴͻţԼʻ빷֮УȻ˳˳ĽԵ
ǿЦһطٴγֳ֣һѾ޸ݺݵؿȮ֮ϣ

ͷϻĽǿֻԼͬӲĽϣǵûնƹԴ֮ø߸ߵв󾪡
ȮʹæԴǿĿ߶սݺսײŭȵ´
ҶվڴͷԺУʽȻһֻ̽гһֻӲӵĴ֣ץסҳʮսһ
ֻ֨֨սʽһŤһ𣬱һѷ
ǿ߻֮мæ뿪սͷȥֻҶſһ㽫սУв쳣ȵǿᣬŲһ֣۶
ϽͷͻȻſڣͷУһսʻսգڿڴ󿪣һʱб鲼һɫâ̲ȵܣҶĴսȥ
ǹص۶ľŲƹܴǿľ֧ӣɫصľÿһ˶ླ۷ͷ޳ط࣬ǧƵ۱ʵǿ󣬿еĵ۹Уǿʦ
򣬾Ų߶սһҶȥ㽫ߺը
ôǿĹ𾳣޳ϹҲֻݱܷâᱻֱӺ飡
ҶսɫӶĿס·ĵ۶
۶
һʽԺд߳ϥڰ֮УɽŹâ
벻գ
ʽʩչ첻ӡӡһʽ磬ͬŲ٣ݣ㲻ٲŲ
ɫʽ֮ϣͬݺ޷ˣ

Ҷ΢ֻ˵һԺߵ½תͬͳ٣ӹ½дˡħޡа𡢶񣬷׷жħҶܣӳĽ
ʽչһַֻ֣Բʮӡȶӡһһ£໥ֻתݺ·ĵ۶ȥ
ƹޱȣĿ꣬Ȼǵ۶ģȺȺĻʹڣ
˭
Ҷϥʽüģɣ죬һ£ǧ۶Ȼ𶯣ƺҪһ飡
Ų󣬶Ծôˣ֪롣
Դǧͷһ˵˹ĹصĹһ֮
ʼʵݺ£޵֣µнʮͭˣصĲҵǧ꣬ڣǵһ˵Ϊֱӽ۶
ʲôҹ۶֪
·ĵ۶֮УͻȻһط𣬻һλݵս̧ͷ죬һȭҶֻشӡײ
䣡
۶ͬһ޴ķ籩𶯣ǧƮҡ𶯲ݣ·ʱܱ˽ֵನ֮У
ڴʱֻ۶ʮͭ˹âţɢһƽϢ˽ֵನƽϢ
Ĵף
ҶĿۣΪ죬ܹһʽֻشӡʵѾﵽ𾳣ΪȻոմﵽླڣѳɣͬ޵Уླڣ˿档
ܹݽһƣΪѾླɾĴס
򣬾ŲܣȻô˽۶ʥݣ
طȻһݵսڣս֮ϵľ;Ųӣ˴ˣæϥ¹򣬸ʹˣܣǵ̫ǿˣ̫ƻˣ
Ҷλսȥֻӡϵ緣ӡӦñǴصĸة࣬Ǵسϵľͷ֮һ
𾳵ĴΪة࣬صǣڴ֮ϣѾϹŴʱڣ̻ʵ۸ʳľ󣡡
ҶȻص󳬳Ԥƣʳĵ֮ͨʥػҪ̻࣬м̻ʵĳ͢𾳴Ϊ٣ֲֳ̻֮ʡ
Ȼ־µţ
ѵ˵۶ģһλ׻ʣ


584 
Ҷ漴Լ뷨ϣ׻û׻ʣֻ׻µһλ׻
׻ʣ޵еıɱʼʵۣ۶صһλ׻ʣôڴˣǾɨ£ʥسΪӣ
Ҷͷɨĵ׻ʵʵʥн֣Ҳѿ⣬ͳһ£ʮѡǴػʹһλ׻ʣ̵ס
׻ʵʵҶĿǰȻ޷ȣΪûм׻ʣӦڵϣԲ³׻ʴµʵ
Ӧڵͬһ㣬ֻ˻ڵ۷壬޽ӽ׻ʶѣʵϵ׻ȣӦûмĲࡣ
ҶġɥϣӦڵ˵Լ׻ʣȴ׻֮¡
ɼ׻ʵʵӦԶԶӦڵεİѾﵽ޷ľأ
ͬǽ˻к׻У֮𣬲ͬն
һλ׻أصİͼƱʮٱԴ򵽺ɵ½ộһֱڻʹ֮У
֮ͽ
صʷ;Ų֮Ż̧ͷӸ£Ҷͬ߸ϵĹԱһһһǧԽǵһҳ۶ĿͽԭǸǿߣ֮ðֻ·һǹԹԵԸɱԶ֣
˭Ҷ΢΢üǵһͬʿеĹԱ򽻵Դ˸߸һʩǲˬ
󵨣ة֣Ҳʵģ
һҴսϣһԪڽϴͷŭϣ㻹¸״
Ҷһ쿴ȥ̫⼤ҽһ֮дܳһ̫ȼգԪҲûѣգۼ㱻̫յøɸɾ
ϣڱǰ㻹Ҷɱˣ
صʷŭطමȻһӡֳӡݺҶȥ
öӡǲ֮ڴسϵĵλݣͬʱҲһ
طɾˣӡ֣ɽһӡ£ޣһӡױҶǿ֮УҲҪѷɫʵӦǴ𾳣۷壡
ͬʱҶķʴۣϥ̧һֱֻӭӡ
̫ӡ
Ĵֻ޸ӲӡֲͬĹղ϶ƵһҾ޴սϺˡ
Ҷƺһ΢΢ζ
ʷ¶ɫ΢ɫ練ЦΪʵϧ巸˻ֻ·һ
ɫ練Ҳһ֮ո壬㻯һɫצҶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȮţ˻Դϵʱɳһ໥ɱ¡
£ΪմҶЦ⣬
ʷȻҶֶβɲɭȻϣûбҪ֪֣ΪڱУѾǸˡ
죡
ҶһȻֳһ̨̨һͬŭɳɷ˵㽫λʷסӣն̨ϣɼסԪط࣬һͨɼ֮ϡ
صʷŭն̨٤׼Ҳ޷ǿѣֻԼޱȵĹն̨ϡ
ϣҶ͢٣
𣺡Ǵصʷõĸة࡭
Ҷţնɵ߸𣬵䣬һ˶Դ漴лȡл꣬Ĵ׻
һ˲䲻λصĸة࣬õϹɥҶУ
ұʹɱ㣬Ҳ֪˭ҵУٳٲ˵ǵҶŭֻ
Ҷһ棬㽫صʷնɱ漴һӣлᦴն̨ϷС
Ҷͷȥֻлᦳһ֣Цԭ췽ʧʧ
΢л췽Ĳлֱ꣬ĻǼ䡣
;ŲڴĿһУǻȻ뵽ղݣҶ㽫Ҷնɱة࣬Ȼһ治㱻ͷʬ촦ɥ
ɱ
ɱͷħ۶
Ųھָ£Ԧսٳڻ죬ЩȻ۶ǾϽֻͷϽзͳĺĿ֮Ϲӣǧɢһɼ¶ĵƣ̽һֻ޴צϹսץȥ
Ͻ֮ĵ͵۹Ĳ־۶ɣޱȣÿһ֮۷ܣǿޱȣ
ͳһ£ϽữӵǣΪ׻ʵĴڣ۹
δһͬ£ϽֻԣΪĴڣҲͬСɣ൱ھλ٤ǵȵεĴһΧҶ
Ҷͫ׽һ߼һ߷ٺˡ
ʮһ֮࣬߸ͷԽԽ󣬸ߴǧɣһ֮סڻ
ͬʱʩչ첻ӡͬ죬ӲսĺʽͻȻͷ˱۵ĵͻ壬ӲŴϽľצ
Ȯ
ķֶãһߵƹһɹȺƵķӿСڹڣֻƹзһƵĺУԽԽǰצͻȻ¡һӲǷļ⣬źҲ¡һСɽСļ⡣
ƹϣһ鼡ⱬըͣգۼ仯һͷʮľȮſЩսҧȥ
꣬һڱһҴؾսǧʿףͳͳûһѣ
Ƕӣ
Ȯ˫ĿŹ⣬ſ̣һսԶžſ£ޱȡ
ʱҶӲצ𶯣ӡƣսһ˲䱻ѹóǧɣ
ʽҲ⵽޴ײ𣬳һѺۣս֮ǳ˫㴫µѹ֨֨ظװֱӱѹŤһѷ죡
ȻҶʵ࣬Ӳ٤ǿ߹ǳĳܷΧ
ѪƤѣڷžһըŭڣһϽĹܣ
Ͻϵɢȥ˫ĿеϹҲջצδγǣ飬ΪصػֻǱŲڵǣŻҶ񹥻
Ųں;ҶȮɱ仨ˮ˲أưܻȻ޷Ͻγɹ
ҶӿϺһڽѪĿ䣬ͷ·۶һԼݣ
ɣͬǰȥ
ˣ
춸ȻһŲȵݣһ޴ĺɫӡĿģ
۶ƣ
ҶӸ£ȭͷɽݺ۶ȥ񳹳׵׶˷츲֮ģ㽫ΰǣһ֮ƣƳλڵ۶۶ʼʵ֮λĴ֣


585 ýҩ
Ҷ췽ļУѾص۹Ⱥʵ˽߰˰ˣ췽Ϊصʷ򣬸߾Ӹة֮λ֮ϣв˵ʵԶ
صĳϣʷ֮ϣ̫ξϽȹְЩˣʵΪԶ췽𾳵ĴףԪط಻۷״ڣ
ߣ췽ļУһλ˻ʣ
֮⣬дػҲ֡ǿߣ𾳵Ĵף˵˻ʴڣνɲ⣡
رʥأ˵
Ҷһ֮Ӳ۶ȷçײðʧ֮ӡ
УȻûȥһ㣬ԼİΣҲϣһֵֻ۶Ǹڵ۶֮У۶ʼʵ֮λĸ֣
ʼʵģ֮꣬ضΪѩޣʼʵ֮𣬱ܳΪ׻ʡԣҶĵףǡ
ʼʵ۴аʦ֮빫˽Ҫ̽һ̽۶ľ
۶֮У˿̳ٹѾһãȴػϳ
Ҷ˴ι۶ʷ췽ֻü˵ϻԼֶûü˵ϡͿնԴʵ󶪵۹ϡ
ϷǺ£ػ橶֮ϣһɴݲȣʵ
ӺݻƣͷͦϴƲ룬ҷֿͬ롣
òȻ֮࣬һӵģ
ر£ǻȪħڹǷķҶҶٱ֪Ϊʧķˣҵ۶һξʦʷǰ
ػȺһССͽѵҪԳ֣òɣ
󽫾ǰͶ¡ȥҶٱǻȪħڵ֮󣬾õδã´½ڡ
ػʵȻɱˣʾԴ͵Ȫħڣʬ֮⡣
ּҪҶͻȻֻһֻҶһȭ飬вŭԾ۹̧ͷȥȴҶɣӲӣڵ۶ϿգԺߵ½תͣħͬ
Цطม֣ӿڣͬޱȸߴֳַ컭ꪣҶȥЦ

ҶǰͻȻֳһھ޴Ľӣ죬ħȴʱеõĵӡ
һʱ󽫾߻أ겻ᣬҶûһŲ£ͷţɾ˲ȵôӸ߿׹䣬Ȼ۶֮У˲֪ٹڴ
Ƶһ챦ƵıǾƷǵӣҶȡʱҲ˸Щӵɢ˻ǡ
ӣ󽫾һʱ飬ʱʧȻѹһ
󽫾Ͼ۷ǿߣԪط಻𣬼ǵӣҲ޷ĻʶҶϲһţӸ߿ղȵôſڵϣЩѹʹȴλصĴ󽫾ܴ
Ǭ
ոմһӣͻȻҶͷ¥Уһڴ󶦷ɳǬĿ
˫ԽԽ󣬺Ȼ׹䣬ѹϣ
ڴ˳أѹ󽫾һʱ޷
ǬҶԭľŶɣֱ˻ʰķޱȣҪԶ˻֮
ҶȻ޷߶ȫӳǬһڴѹˣȴλ۷Ĵףѹ޷
֮ϣ״ҡͷ󽫾ǵ۹ͳ˧ŵ۹ȴһླСױѹ޷鴫ȥ۹ҪȻ޴棡
˿̣УֻɱĶˡ
Ȼɢȥط࣬СӶ·ɳƤǺ죬ŭҡ
ӭһѪڣȴҶȮͷԶžӭȥ
һҲĳǰҰ
ŭЦٴ֮컭ꪣ֮գɢֲļ¶𾳵۷ǿߣܹ֮׷ӣϢ㽫ȮѹͲС
Ӳˣͷ̫ͣ
Ȯ¶־֮ɫǰȴΪܹ˵Զž֮󽫾λ۷𾳴ףʵͬڴΣŭܷ֮ӵ󣬾Զž֮
壡
ٴԴһ£𵴣ʧƬ̣ȮñˣǰȥݺҧһڣƤݺ˺һ顣
ʹѹһȮ֮ϣȮβͶҶ

ػʹͻȻһϴȣʳǣ޿Ұ򾿾ʲô
ԥһ£Сƻָȥ
ӣѾӵĹˣʮ꣬ؽΪȮе
һ£ˤͷŭĿӣһ̯ȵýҩ
ˣ
ҶأŲڵ۶ĽϣɢһƬƬ¥󣬾Ӹ£صĳÿȥ
Ŀ棬ɨӻʳǣֻس֮ϣٹУڳõıһ֮ϣ϶ۼʹͷһۻ֮ࡣ
ػͬʱҲĿͬס
òʣŭ֮һ̻ᣬǧ֮УֻƽĵĽѹ壬᲻֮ģ᲻𷴿֮ġ
µĳȺ״üûһ̧ͷλصĵۻʣѾ˻ڵ˻ʣҲѹòòͷ
ҶɽԵޱȰСǴ˵·ɾˣҶһСÿС
һ㣬ҶҲòϣ֮ʣԶԶԼ
Ҷλػʣ˿ûбӰ죬Ŀ⼫ΪѷóȺ׷״ŭŭ治
ػ̧֣޲򣬺ôĵӡ֪ǶҵﶫʱҲҪսսسƳ
ҶЦ¡¡Ҳңѵ˵Ҳǻʵ۲ɣ
ػʻ벻⣬΢Ц޺㣬ɱ۰̫ӣִֵ۶޵ʷ췽ҲУϹ齵¹޲ҪˡҪ١л¡ɡ
ڻλ֮ϣĿ񣬵ȴҶ¸ߺл¡
ӣ
ȮͻȻҶܳٹ٣ϲ쳣һѵӣ
ҲڵȴҶ¸ߺл¡⻰Ѫ
ػԣҲŭ۾΢΢мĿ⻯ѩ׵䵶ҫõ۶һƬѩף̵۾ҲȮնȥ
Х죬˵ˣǲӣūţһȺūţ
ҶȮǰػʵĿ⣬ĿĽ֮ϣʱƤ뼡֮УѪ
ҶȻЦָ̽ɭ࣬صĳ͢λϵػץȥЦղŲ˵ҪҾҪʲôҪ㣬Ҫģǽλʵۣӱȥ


586 
Ҷ񿴵λػʣȻǧ󣬵Ϊ˱Ƕȡع˵λ֡
ػʿʼʵּԵĺȣѷһıʼʵۣȡʼʵ۵֮ıصĻλ۶Ὥɽȴţ
ˣػҲһ˽ȥ˵ūţϻʵһȺūš
Ҷٱ޵УԶŴ֮꣬ǸƵúκ֣ʼ޷ӳ޵ָɽ
ػʶڽǵϣҶ̽ĴֲΪ⣬֪ɽҰ޾죬ǵĻʣ޳֣У治
һɢֻҶ̽ɭĴ֣СػԽƱ㱻ѹԽС
ƣͬһλͳµĻʣͳĵۣͬһ㣬ҶǿǰҲҪ¸߰ͷ­
Ҷ֣У治ҪǴ
ͬΨһĻʣ߾ӽǵעһֵֻϣԼơ
У죬ƫƫҪһΣһǬ
Ҷⱬ䣬ĶΪһ̽Է綦ں־İ壬ͳͳĵʣٵص
һ̣ླڿʼ΢һ棬ڿʼΡ
Ҷٴθı䣬ϸʴ۽ں˾תԪŰ壬˫Ŀͬ£ͷ㣬ֳǶһϸСӣͬк嫵ǳ
ӿӿһɹ֮ϲһаģͷ«ͬԪʼһ
ԴػʳػʣԼͻƣѰԼĵ·ʼصĴжϣݳԼ
ңѾͼԼ
ʽΪͬӹӣӴ˴ҰϢһϵΨҶţ
ԭػʵϢѹƼС˿̾Ȼֿסػʵѹٴչָɭ࣬ػץȥ
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س֮ϣٹֻֻڵĴִӵֱ̽ػץȥҶĴȻ֮ȴֳɽÿһƣһɽһĸо
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ҶһǣɵɽΪգΪ£أѪҺ󽭱ڣ̲ſٵذܣ
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֪СѰ·ػɶڽǵϣɫͻȻһӰҶػ֮䣬ǴصĴڵ
һֱڱĿɲ⣬ҶηκУʼղɫ
˿ŭŭڣҶֵıؾ֮·ϣ˫Ŀǵϣʱ
ʥ϶֣治
ڣƺһصħҶ֮ͬУǰһ
ǴسУٹٵ죬ٹ֮УΨһһλ˻ʣλػʣ˿̶ŭһַƮҡ׵뷢ĸо
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Ҷֻ˻ʣ˻ǿֲսһһУѭڷޱߵܣȻһ顱֣
ԭûֱ˻ʵĹǿ٤ޡᡢλԼ˹λ˻ʣȮĸף칷ĺ¹ķλ۷˻ʶ
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û˿Դֵ۶ƽȥҶٱ㻹𣿡
վڳ֮ϣԺͻȻһƬؾֻ΢Դ壬ͬһżۣһֻɭ޴֣ӽǵ̽Ҷץȥ
λߣȻһĴ壬һ壬׾䣬˺һһԼľأ
ĽһȻȴ֮ͬУħĹаֲͬϵһȱ
ĳɾͣУҲʥİ֪ΪξȻڣΪħʳĴ
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Ժ̽Գ棬֮г֮࣬ȻﻯһƬɻ磬عԪʼ
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һ֮£ڣأΪصĴڵŽħݣ߳һħϵĵ·ɾͼ󣬳Ϊ֮Уһ֮֮ϵ
һֳֻҶͷͬѹ£δ壬ҶԼҪޣ׻ɢ

ڣһѹױȻֵֻѹƳ⣬ʼ߽⡣
̫һʥҶǿ󣬶ľ̫ǿʥҲݺµ˽ܡۣʲ飬Ƕ̫һʥħݼϣֻͬȾ˻ʲ⡣
ҶҪһĥ
ƾҲסңɷ
ҶѹÿѪȻڱȣֻ۶ѹ֮ʮͭˣͻȻ֣̽ݺ̫һʥ֮ϣʱ̫һʥƣ
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ʮͭŲǰ߳ûʳǻζݣʮֻӲӴ£ݺѹλ˻ͷӸ߿ѹ׹䣬Ȼأ
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һʮͭѹס޷׷ҶȻһŶڴ֮ϣЦɽ


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˿֮ûʮͭѹֱķ߶ʮɽʱ·һ㣬ɽ̧ſƳ
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Ϊʵ޷״߶ʮֻ֮Ǵ߶һֻɽɵŭ̧צݺзɶݶȥĴսȥ
սҲֽ֮ͬƬһ㣬һ㱻γɵצĵ÷飬ֻΦʵؼΪӲ
Ҷ˻ʵĹѹѣѪӿȻΦ֮ϣԦΦ
꣡
ɽſڣббҧֻ֮ڣɽγݣɽγ࣬ͬڶ
С˵۶ȻֶֹΣ
ҶĿԦΦܣһɾڣһɣ
ۿҪ֮ѹͻȻֻһ죬ͷѿҶ׻ʵͷ֮ͷƿһ󶴣ٴγ
Ϊδȫ߶׻ʵ㺮׻ʵƵʥ֮Ҳܿơ
׻һ˲㽫ΪһգҶæ⻯𣬼ݷԶ
䣡
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״΢ջķֻ֮Ӱнɻһɽڴ֮ϡ
ױ׻򴩣˿̵õȴɽʯԶֲȱڣƬ̣޸
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ҶٱѾˣУ󽫾̫ξˣλ̴֣ѵ˵ʬף׼͵ȪħڣȻʬ֮⣬
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һȥ̫๬Ůæϣ߾ٻǣ뿪á
Ⱥԣ׷ߡ
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ͨ쳹صΪ֮ͬ˻ʳ֣Ҷк׻ʵҲ޷ѡ
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ػߵ׻ǿֲϢԽԽŨ۷˻ʣҲѹͲС
ߵػѾѹòһС׻ǿֲѹҲܲ
̧ͷֻǰһλòɣľˣͬһֻܸоԼС
λϵ׻ʮָߴ֮ԿͬȴΪػʱѹС
ֻҪ׻ʵˣվ׻ǰͬһޱȸߴޱȿ
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Ϊˣ϶ѾõʲôϢʼʵ֮ɣ˵Ѿʼʵ۵ĲлйӴ
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סڣ
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λߴ˿ûٴԼĿе䣬еĿռʱҲܲסȻ߽⣬磡
ػʴڻ֮Уսսͷ亹˵
еĸоߵŭΨ˵һ仰ᱻߵɱ
ȻΪػʣߵӣߵۣɱһػʣֻʳӵ飬ߵܹó
׻˵ϣԸ⣬ҪٶŮԣ׻Ԫ˵һλ˻ãڻ£
ãߵʢŭŻƽϢ֮У罥ɢͭƾճ֣שָԭ״
֪ʲô桮졯е
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ٺ٣ԱʵʵȷԺɨνĸʥأͳһ׻ģ۰£ʱʱΪܹв졯в졯ۣΪõˣ
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ףѵ졯ǡػ˿ĭָָ̧֣ͷ
ɫһߵʵģǧҪʣ㴥棬Ҫ鷳ΪΪػʣҲԷ㣬ˣȥɡ
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һƬɽ֮УҶʯϥ£۵˿ڽѪأȴû˵֮һβ˦ϣӸ߿£쳣˻֮ʵǿᣬδ˼ֺ
ˣûжʹɱ֡
ҶĿæת쾭޸ˣĵֵĻػһ֣ػʳ֣ҶȻ·һΪҪôѵҲɡ
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ｻֵһ˲䣬Ҷܴأ߽⣬ԪҲ⵽شһͨǰ޷ʩչʵʵʶԼ˻ʵĲࡣ
ڴصĵ۶֮Уﲢûзˮ潻棬ҶܴҲ֮أֻ뿪۶ʱԷˮҶһϷʮ㡣

Ҷǿѹƣ³һЩϲ
һУػʹеһؿͳͳڻͨѰԼĵ·
˴ջ񣬴ӵ죬ݵأӵݷе׳٣Ӵ֮ླһƬ̹;
νޣڱƣӶԽߵľ磡
ڶջ񣬻ʶԼĲ֮
Ҷֺ¹޲ߣԸʥصʥۣ٩٩̸Ūڹ֮䣬ıڵ۶ܴ죬ҲʶԼ޵УǿԺ¡
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֮;˲ߵľ磬Ͽ˷һѣһϷʡḶ́ʡԼĲ㣬ʡԼΪʡ
һʵʧ֮Уʧҫ֮УΣա
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Щһ겻ɢ
ҶߵСڹЦеХ찡µһܲӳ˵أҪˡ
ĵдһ˿ͷȮֻСڹԽԽ󣬻һͷʮľȮϸëëںڳɽ
ҶȮԴ֮ϣȵߣ
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Сӱˣ;ƿݣֻ»˶ˣ
󽫾ƤǺ죬Ҷѹһ£Цһ֮ˣ
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Ҷ̧ͷȥֻֻ֮ͬƣȵշ׷ױȫʢ״̬Ҳײܽ£óȻӲӣˡ
ԭѹǵӺǬ󽫾Ըƿشӽ;ƿݵıԵ޷λص߽档
СӣټǿӰ󽫾ЦӸ¸ҶһŲ
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壡
ƹܣΧսת˼ܣսϴؽᣬվסΣֻսƿأӸ߿׹£ббײȥ
һƹҲڱ̫ξǰţ
˹־ŭסΣֻ֣ͷƹҶ쭶ȥһ


589 
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̫ξ˹ʹ󽫾üѪսԦս׷ٶȱƹ˿
׷ҶٱηսˣشֻʣһƹѵǻƷһ
ֱ̫Ƿˣ׷һҪ˹Ƥɼа˹Ƥޣݾƣһһڣ
Ҷͷһֻۣ˹λ۷ǿ׷ᣬҲѪƹһȭŭҪˣ㻹ȺȺɣ
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Ҷʹļףŭ߳浶ʵǹܴù٤սʤʤ𣿡
˹սǧཫʿ߶ս׷ᣬԶԶͷ׷ңңƹֻӿһֻſڣ¶ݣݺҧȥδȵϣθǣŧˮףɴ˸սæȱܡ
ȻԶžޣϾδԶžޣƤëӲ޷۷׵Ĺа׷
ȫܣʱ˹ٴƲ£Ҷ񲻽˿̴߶쾭ȡָΪ޸
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ҶУ죬أ򷨣һҲֻҪΪˣˮɡ
ƣӲĨ
ƽָڵԪתɢ޸ˣͬʱвбĴ֮ӿ룬޸Ԫ޲
һھת쾭ԽԽƣ쾭Ѿݵླطľ磬ʼľ硣
ླڵΪݸߵľ磬ǿƺҶȺʥأ֮һȴȻȻûаֵɬ
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ֻҪõӦĽ뵽쾭У
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Ҷ˼޳ط࣬ĿɣĽҹǷһŲࡣ
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ʽ۵ķСɣϸʴۣŻһ
ΪǾ࣬ɶŮ񣬻Ԫʼ෨ֻǾתŷʮȪħ취࣬ͳͳӦ˶
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Ҷ񳹵޳ط࣬Ϊֻ±ϹҲǿͬ˻һ㣬Ǹʥ֮Ҳκ
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Ҷ񲻽ѭѭյХ죬ɼ棿
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ҶɫһڣԭĴ㣬ǽѰӡʽӡû뵽ȴԽ档
ңƹеӣҲô򵥣ǰðʿף
˳ڳ˼ֻ쵰˻£Ҫ㵽ҵͷϣҶѾ󣬽ϺܿϢҶٱݹˡ
һ·ܣܿ챼֮ϣ·һƬ½˳ڳԼֻӣȻܵϣ־ɽ˳ڳԼֻӣȻܵϣ־һ½˳ڡȮǰצӣੲݵ
ļܺãǵԼ˼ΡӡȴҶɫԽԽڣ˫ַ뵱ҶԶϾƬ½ϣ˻ٰɱˡ񵹺ãļ½ҲҪٰҵˡ


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漴ҡͷʧЦҶˡôܷԾ֮ңռɽΪ
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592 ٱ
ҶȻԵãվں߹ֻݿյϷɽطֻзԲʮɽͷƽһԴͺͺֻ½ǮβӵĽգɻ
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ҶЩ棬ɽȻ棬ǻֻǵһ֮ء

ԶͻȻڳ֣ǧ֮⣬ݿյ𹥻Ѿ޳ɵɷأӦľͷһֻڴ֣ӰԪץȥ
ĴַԲݿյɽͳͳסһɭɭ̾Ϊֹ
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ԭһ֣֮ѹŰ裬ҴĻҲץ
дһЦֻȻ֣ͣݿյ⣬죡
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593 Զ
ҶҲԺһֻ̽ץ⣬ܻأЦǷɱˡ
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ƣպ鿵ȭߣŭүүǸĸַ㣡
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ҶЦһԺһֻɭ޴̽ץǵǺЦ쳯ϹǿЦҽ䣬ͳͳԭΣȺĿ

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޻Ҵÿ곯ɸħͷҴɸһӲҲ編ˣĳҧгݣа
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͸飬·ЩۣؼĴ
ڣɹ⵽˾ͷҶͻȻֻı仯ԭͷ½ϣȴһͻȻ˸ı䣬˸оͷϽ¡
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ױ˼ڰ໥棬ǧ򻯡
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Ҷ˿ȴսܣĿӣѶ츮ʥ˻ʣֻһѵһĶ֡

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츮־ŭҶֶ֮ǿȻôʱ䣬λʥ˵ܴ衣
Ҷͷ˱۵ĵͻ֮ս֮ǿƵ֮죬ĿϾӣʤӡϣһ˺ۡ
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ߴǾ࣬ڱߴǾԳХһ߻üģֱ뱱Ⱥ֮Уǿգػͥ
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Ϊɸʥ֮õ˻ʣͷһα裬ŭ˼㡣
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һսʱ伫սĸ֮ãδֳʤҶĹȴԽԽ࣬ԽԽռϷ硣
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Ҷüģһ߿üһſǳһǶ𶯣ʮǾ߳漴ûȺȺ
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Сɽ֮ž飬طԪҲž飬Сɽһֱͷѹŵװ壬׵׵ѹѹ飬
𾳵Ĵ׺ѱɱ˻ʸǼԪط಻ֻҪڣԾֻǴԪˡ
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ϧڻǶ˷ɽûԼʥնɱƾʵ޷κζ츮ĸְ
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ҶϥȪȪħ취౻ɣĻȪӣֻطֻ࣬أٴαħ;תԪŷ뵽С
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ɸĲǰƷ¸ûвԭǿɸĿʦд˽ܡ
Ҷ񲻽һ૵츮飬Ҽ׻Ҳ޷⣬һбᱻС


609 ϷѸ
Ҷ񲻸ͣתߣԶʮ¡ʮͷ˺˺׻ʣԴص֮УʧããĴ֮ϡ
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˵׻ʵǿȣѾǰǱϾ׻ʵʬɣ׾ٱ㱻˺飬ΣֱȽܣ
Ҷֻ۲ѣ׻ʱ⻯ûгķ߶ֻܶһ˲ʱ䣬ľΪ׻ʣǿ֮һѣѹ飬Ҳ⻯
˴⻯٣Ҷܲʹ
ɵĲȥµĲҴ˴ǰ棬Ū̵Ļʵ۱£⻯Ҷݺݵ
׻ʵȻ٣ҲҶеһǡ˿ֲֻ¸ʥصʥˣҲʮ߿飬ֻ׻ǿĴڣܽȡ
֪׻ֻһǺħħʣħҰĲӦûȤƫԶ֮й䡣
ʮ߿ڴ˵أ㰲ȫ赣ıߡ
ǿɸĽ㲻ݣɸĿʦɰƷֱǶһ٣ܡ
ҶХһٻȮˣĵֻнλʦĽĥ𣬲»ʡ
ɲԵ˷ɳ۶ΨȮҶɻϸϸѯʣȴƹͲסįܳɽ磬׽ӡˡ
Ҷͷ˿Ƭɽ磬΢΢һ£漴һϣȵ
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Ҷˣʱĺѷ죬ո뿪Ҳѷ£գ㣬ңֻûܽ뺣ɽȥΣɽУֵķҲ޷ʹȡɽƬѡ
ϰգڸ߿չֳԼķͬһٵ޴½Ͽգѹղϱ
Ƭ̣һСڹƨƨߵķȴȮע⵽ط࣬ڸ
Ҷط࣬Ц˶ֻӣ
ࡣȮ˸á
ҶɫһڣƹܳԵôã֪϶в֪νġӡԶžޣθھ˵ĺá
ҪųˡӦû֪ҵĹɣ
ҶҴȥƫԶ֮أ½ʿ࣬޵ʿǺٻɵ
һ·УԼĪ˴֮ãŻص󺺵ľڡʱڣԪʼûжٽչҶ̾˿淽ȥûãǰͻȻһƬɽ룬ɽƼ죬ɽΧƳɻͬԲȦһһȺ֮УһɽΡ׳ƣƲ֮ϣƯһ«ڿգɽסϼǧΪӣΪۡ
Ԫʼʥڣµɡ
Ҷ΢΢һԪʼѾã˿̼Ԫʼʥڣ˽ȥ۵뷨
˼ͳһԪʼʥڣһԪʼڣһħеԪʼʥڡ
ɶʥأнѹˣнУÿʥиֱʵΪǿ
ʥ֮Ĺϵȴôã໥ӣΪԼڣ۵С
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м˴ɽ߳Ҷ񣬶ʱ̱һŮһֱͦͦĻԹȥ
ҶЦλʦʦ辪ţҶĳѰùˡؿʦô
ȡһƣϿһСɵġʥ֣Ϊ׵ԪʼʥڵӣЦ˵ҶĳڴԨԴǹڵĿ䳤أǲˡ
˫ֲƷ飬¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ҷ񽻸ƣȷԪʼʥڵԪʼʥ٣ֻܹʮöʮöƴѾַȥֻһöʥڡ
ǽŽɣԪʼʥĶеĸˣ¸֮ԶҶħôӵԪʼʥ
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ҶɫһЦڵĿ䳤ϣôǻȪʥڹǷķʥأҶĳҪðڵĿ䳤ϣ
ԪʼʥڵӼŭŵû겻ᣬæԪʼʥҶ񣬻ŷɽȥȲ֪ͨؿ䣬ǻ㱨ʥڵĸ߲㡣
ҶٱħͷʥΪ£һԪʼʥڳϰü裬૵
ʥڳһãһüħͷһ޶֮ݲħ֮еĺ¹һΣҲ˲ءҲ⵽֮λҶٱ˴ԪʼʥڣֻҲûģ
Ҷ֮˵Ҫɾ׻ʣƶȷΪȻɾ׻ʣһλ׵ڵ˻ʡ˴Ԫʼʥڣ֮ԸŸ߾ǣ
۷׷ףͻȻֻһϵλȻֳԪʼʥǰʥڵĿ䳤ϣ䳤ǰʥȻҪ֡
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ҶɽǰȴãЩͷ֮⣬ͻȻֻһɫŮȻŮӰعɴ棬סӣȴڲסζؿ䡣
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ҶЦȻ˳ֺαؾڱ𣿷ɽֻǶףûжǸƻŮһ˼޳ȥˣôòֻҪǸһҲ̲סԸȹ֮
ؿ⻰Щңĵİһۣŭʲôɱҷ˼ұɹѸϷô


610 Ĵ
Ҷ˵⣬ЦҶԪʼǾհλۡԪʼʥԪʼ֮УԪʼµͳӦòܾҶĳ뷨ɣ
ĳνԪʼλ۵ĳƺʵͬһˣҲǵ֮еλϵĴڡ
ؿ˿Щʧ䣬ɻֻΪհԪʼۣû뷨
һʲô뷨Ҷգգ۾ʵ
ؿɫ΢죬ЦѵʵһءҶȻʥڣհԪʼۣʥĻҪ¡˵ˣ͵ǣȴǲܱסʥڵĲƲһҲ޷ʡǵǡ
ǰȥҶУͬһˣԪʼʥڵɽ䣬ʱ˵Ŀ
ؿ̬򷽣󺺵ӣҶһϮ㿡ʣ·꣬˵ħͷ֮էۿȥȴĶţһ۵ȡ
һͬ黭еŮ벻ĿС
ʥ֮УȷԪʼ۵Ļǿʦ鹬С
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Ҷһ·ؿͣһǰЦԪʼˡʥȻԪʼ۵ĵͳ۵ûнԪʼʥڣӣһⲿķȴͬΪԼڣԲԪʼʥءеһӱʥڵĿʦ񡣡
Ҷ̧ͷԪʼ۵Ļ񣬲΢΢һֻһӵıӰףǱӰһƮȻɵĸо
ߣһƬ棬֮ϣв֪ݿֲħͷӷ̽ԴצӵΧƺʱϣλ۶ԴӶ̧ͷ죬·廳ʲô
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˼Գһ𣬱㿪˵һڱ׶Գ档
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Ҷҡҡͷпȷ޷ʮʱ޳죬Ϊʿʱգ׵ʮ꣬˶֮꣬ȴླĴף׻ʵľ绹֪жٸͷ
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أķĹԶʮ̮֮γɵķ档
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Ҷ˲ü֮壬ʱԶ˴ȥ棬³֮Ϊӿֲ
ԭ붫̫ĶԹ¹֮УǳҲ˳ҡ
أǰҪֲ౶
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䣬Ѿ˴ųˣҲֹһˡ
ʱֻһɣҶѭȥȴһ߲֪ʱ鹬Уվ
ĿŹ֣һײϲ鲼ƣü԰ףһȴΪϸ𪣬ͬӤһ㣬ʱҶҲûввɰ
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ԪʼʥڵʦţҶҲǾȣҵǰʩһ
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λԪʼʥڵЦ⣬ЦҶʦܣӦڵʦܣձ֣ҲƽؾڵӦڵӦʦֳ£֪׷ɱ·ӣֻȥ֮С
ۣȻԪʼʥڵȴûκΰļӣ̸ֹһֺ㴺Ȼĸо
ʦŻ˫Сʥص֮ɽԽڣ˵Ȼʶ׻ʣֽؿɽ
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ʦźǺһЦҲ׷ɱ֮УϧСѣĻֲĶ֡ʱ֮Уվ⣬Ϣȥɣûм׷ɱ˴ءգʮֻӦڵһ˴ų
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611 ʮԪʼ
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ʦȻ֮УܹӦڵһµģΨд˶ѡҶʦЩ꣬˵Ƕ˲С
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ȷʵһЩڷɻ󣬻Ϊҽ󡣡Ҷ񹧹ʩһЦ
ʦЦȻˣԪʼʥڣҶʦܽһ׮Եʲôɻ󣬲˵𡣡
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׷ִֻ֮ö׷ŮɣƮȻȥʮ֣֮ϣɹƮ죬׳
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ʦɫأԪʼѵ飬֮ڴԪʼʥŽ
Ҷ˵ԽԽ࣬Ԫʼʥڵ̽ԪʼڣԪʼħڵ̽ҲͳͳȥˣڵĽ϶ΪһҲ˷ḻ걸ݡ
ʦŵƴҶ˵Խ࣬ǱԽǺȻԽǾϲ
ãҶ񽲵ླͻȻһԲƮȻȥԪʼʥڵ˵ԼҲãԪʼѾ۶
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һ̫ϳоⱩ䣬ϧֻǰ߲Ľ𾳺ʾĽȴûСǸҶٱ֪Ľȥܻ̿򣬱³Ľ
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һתص鹬УؿæǰɻŽıԪʼ
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ҶٱԭԵȻٰͻȪħû뵽ȴҽԵڸԪʼʥ߾Ԫʼݶ飬̫ˡ
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Ҷ뿪ԪʼʥڣûԼ˾پȻԪʼʥڴô𶯣֮ԽԪʼǰ߾ڸԪʼʥڣҪʦŴؽǰӣΪԪʼʥڵĽԪʼ
Ͷңұ֮ҶĴԭ
¥ϸϸԼ˴ʦŽãչƬٵ֮У·źĵϢ
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һ촫һ촫Ӵ𶯲ʮ죬ҶУȻһ磬̫죬̫죬죬̥졭
һǿ֮ϣƮ죬ǧ·Զŵ񻰣е
ͬʱüǿ֮УҲʮ磬֮һͳʮԪʼķʮֱ֮࣬磬ͬһ
ʱͥȻʮ㣬϶ΪһΪۣ֮ͳ죡
ҶΪһ˲ٴηֱ֮߱࣬ӿڣ


612 
Ԫʼ֮Ϊλ۵ķ࣬ʮ֮࣬ΪʮԪʼÿһͳһԶۡ
Ź̲ص֪ʶʵ̫ӴǿƥԶں෨۽ʵϸʴ۾֮ϣҶֻŹҲǵϾ֣
ҶŹ뵽쾭֮УķΪһ¯ԼеĽҪԪʼ
ʱգѾһԼصĵ·ĳɾͣ޷޷
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Ҷ˿Լ̵ģѾǿҪǴĵزˣҳΪֻе
ͬʱҲЩʺʵҲЩ
̫ɫҪǴʿϸʴ۾㱻ۻɱ֮С̻ͨͨͨʳĨ
ϣۣʱע⵽С
쾭ʵ̫ǿɵĵۼ֮࣬Լļ⣬νǰ޹ˣ൱վ۵ļ֮ϸ磬Ȼݡ
Ԫʼ
Ҷ΢ʮ۷මȻ֣һ۹ڻʷ̬ǧȻͬһòȴͬңƳ졣
Щ۵ķԶʮδ֮ʱͳʮۣÿһλͳһ磬ޱǿĴڣʴֻ֮һ
˵ҶÿһʵԶԶླڴ׵ķʵʮ۷һʵȫԺɨһླĴף޳طľͷ
ƾʮط࣬Խս𾳵Ϲ趯

Ҷͺһһ۷ݣ֮УֻҶʱͣߴɣʮͷʮ֣ȵͻս֮ҪֲҪǿ᲻֪٣
ͬͳǧ磬ĵۻʣֿٵأݻĵϢֶһζ
Ҷ΢΢ζԪʼתŷʱ·һӲӵĹŷȱ𷨵Ȼ
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Ҷֻ۽ͬͳصĵۻʣ̫Ŀ̫⣬ޱߴڣɰ衣
Ǿʮͷ߰ʮֱۣ۾ͬǶǳǹƣܣǧޡ
Ҷ˷ָֻһϮɣȥ
ҵʵӦÿԴ棬Ѱӡ˰ɣ
֮ΣأʥвҲᱻҶʵǿֻǿȴǵǿߣԶʥ
֮УҲܺ޼ɣĴҴпܻᱻУ٤ǵȱ߽ɫȴȥȡ
Ҷ񴩹ɷ֮ܿСθߵ¡ԯǿɷǧ࣬ȴƽأɷҲ˼ֺ
Ҷֱ̻ȥ޴ĻǰȻò̻̾ʵ۵ǣǧػ꣬ÿһ𾳵Ĵףȣֻͳµ׻ʲȵֶΡ
ԶжʮأȺɽ࣬ػûʳһĹ
̹ʮһλʵۣʮλΪ׳۵Ļ̻꣬Ǵ޷أ̵꣬ĿߣһʵۣʵĹ
ʮû˽꣬λ̵Ŀ߾˵ӵѪͳʮҲûܹȥһ̽
֮УʮϢӦǽ˵ʿҶûᣬֱӽ֮УѰ̻ʵ۵ĵ
һ֮Ѱ̻ʵ̲ӡеʽӡӡȶӡ
˴׼ѳ񣬽Ŵӡѧȫӡоʽ֮࣬Ӧ죬ҶԴڱؾжɽ٣̫Ĳ֪ӡֹʽʮʽ֮࣬Ӧʮ졣
ܷѧӡϣãҪмļͬʱҲԼΣա
ҶһѰֻһڿھ޹ͬҲг۳ңһڿڹľ򿪣һ߾߾ʬӹײֱͦͦ̽ץȥȴ·ͼ̻ꡣ
ЩʬླĴףҶԭԸ־ʬΪǱȴС
Ѱãҵһ̻ʵ񣬲ϧǣѾ𣬲֪˭飬ֻʣ²Ƶ޴̺ӡ
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Ҷ뵽ңң̻һۣûнȥûΪԼʵȶС̻Ľơ
ħһƷʵ൱һ˻ʣҲΪ̻ĵĽƶ飬ʵ൱ڴεĸ֣СĽĻҲڴˡ
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ԯҲԶȥһԯңȥһԯ⣬Ȼȥݼӡ
Ҷ뵽ȥͻȻֻ֮е𶯲ݣİ˰پӪеĴʬ׷ѣб鲼ħɨ
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ȴڴʱһҾ޴սʻ֮Уȴԯҵָϳδڵİħͳͳѹ
ͻȻһϿգȴһ׻ʣֳ޴İģȥһħ֮ʦ˻ԼƳɵĽ


613 ֮ͨ·
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Ҷ֣ԯҺԳһһʥȻ֪ûЯǰпħãռݺܴƣ˴ʥؼͬʱ棬νҶƽش¼
ԭԯҺʹҲˣΪֻ֪Ϣ
˻ͻȻʧֻʣһŰԵͼͣڿУתͻȻһصͼͼƯڿУ˸ǧ羡е޾֮С
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ĪҲ˵ˣֻҪѰ֮Ѫ֮ѪཨľԿ֮ͨ·
ָϳͻȻʧȡ֮ԯҵǿߣüһãΪ׵ԯҵĵԯ磬ԯҵϹ棬ԯȱվڼԯСһվһԡ
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ҶЦָֻƣƽ飬
˵ţͻȻо˵ļ¶Ҷͷȥֻ˻ʥϵ֮Уȴڡ̫ڵʥصĸָǧֱȥ
ЩͷȻҲԵϢ˵أѰ֮Ѫ֮ͨ·
֮ͨ·ζſԽ磬׻˻ʣİջҲòġ
֮еĲƸ׻޷󣬵õһԽһʥأõʥʻĴУһʥرøǿ󣬺οԶ׻棬ͻ׻Ҳ׻ѣܹ˵롣
ܻʥʻķ֣һʥгּλ׻ʣͳһ׻ģ׾ٵ飡
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粻ڣڣΪεȵڲſ˵
ҶƷǳɻͷѾ˫ʮ꣬϶֪֮ͨ·飬ڿȴΪΣ
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ֻȥУӡЩʥ޳ͻʲô֮ͨ·ˡҶĵ
ĿӡȻҲν֮ͨ·뷨ѽľͨΪУ֮ʥʥأҶʵ㣬Щ˾


614 ʹĹ
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ǣиʥصĵҲӿϿ֮УЩʥ߹ĵ·ѰһЩʥǿϵı

ԶͻȻһҽУҶѭȥֻһСĴһƣʯͻȻ͵һԪڵĴ״ϡ
ʯգۼеľѪԪҲɣ뵽֮УֻʣһƤϣӭƮ
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ļҵʥڸٴҶ֣


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Ҷײһƣž飬ٶҲһļʥָ£ҶХһȻֳͻ֮ңңһȭֺֻȥ

һȭڰ֮ϣֻҲһ£ҶĽô翪ѣ
̫ˣʩչ޷ļʥ⣡
ҶХϣ˲ͣײһƣЩƷ׷ײ飬ٶȸӱȲļʥֻٶȡ
Ԫʼ࣡
ҶŭȣǣɾˣͷԵƽʮͷʮ֣ʮͷ۾֮ͬϵķǣÿһף֮࣬˿˿ƵĵۻϢ
ҶͬʱʩչӡʱϿйâ貣ܣͬһ˲ʮֽ֮УĴ½ļʥֺֻȥ
Ͽ֮У罬յղ̮ļʥĴͬŲĴڣӲҶǰδеľһ
䣡䣡䣡
һֽըϨļʥİ֣ѹһУʮӡͳͳ飬΢΢ͣһ˲䣬ٴǰȥ
ͬʱҶࣵı죬Ƥѿʮֱ۾ľ۶ϣɶײһһƣ˦ֵֻķӡ쭶ȥ
ļʥҲһ
Ҷ漴һˮתַֻȥ
ļʥֻһ٣׷ȴǿˮԽԽȻڰлһԲʮľˮɭɭֵֻȥ·֮ϡ
ˮȻըʥˮļʥ֮ϣʱʴֻ죬
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Ƭ̣λļ𾳵Ϲӵһλӻ
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ʥӦڵǰ뿪Ȫħڣ֪ȥûϢȪħûӦڵֻԱ˹ضȻ뿪Ȫħڣ˵ðաó
Ӧڵ˵ʵ֮ϣڳôҶٱýֱһӦڵ˹أһѣΪǡ
ļʥɱɭȻȥ˴λѵãҶٱ֮ͨ·ؼ飡
˼æϣ˴֮񿪿ڣϢܿ촫£ļϵ׻ңҲܲġ
ļң̻ʳļʥ˴˴ǰ˴ȡ֮Ѫ֮ͨͨ·Ϊļҵڱѩ޵˼㽫ʵʬϳ꣬ʬҰһļҵ۷磡
ļ߹֮ãЩļʥһֱֻƵſͱϵŻָ׷״ͱϷ䣬ЩȻ
ȻǴף˲ĸ֣ͨ󣬵ڸղҶļʥƴһɲǣоԼ
Ѿܿ˰Ĵڣذΰ޴ӿܣ
ҶҶٱȻܴļʥѣѹƽ˵ѳײǣ
Ŷ󣬾ȻȵΪ
ҶٱֻҲܣ˿Ѿ˴㲻Ҳļʥ׷ɱ֮ܶħͷˣ

۷˻ʣȻܿ⣬ʩչԪʼܱܿ˵Ĺ
ҶӳļʥĴ׷ɱֱȥѪϣƬ̣޸ƣֻкȻʥʥͶ츮Ҫ֪ٱʩչֻҲ޷һ
ղŲļʥӲ࿹һУǱܿļʥһ赲һ˲ԼѵϣҲļʥдķûɢ
ҶδʹȫʩչսҪǼҲ޷ļʥһ濹⡣
ǲ࣬ĪĲ࣬˻ʥܹʥأĸ˵
ļʥδ˻֮˻֮ʵûοֲ
Ҷ񲻽˸սĵǶýء
ɫأԱ˵Ҷǵ֮Ĵ̣֮˻֮ڲȱĽƷĽҶóһ
ʥصʥȣ̫ˡ
ĸʥ֮ûһûм˻֮
գֻصܿܣʥýֲܽ½һȺ˻ʣ
ĽԯҴָϳ̫ԪʼСʥشµȵʥأҲ˽ļҿҲ⡣꣬ԻᱻƵ췭ظ
߶Ǭλļȫڣ߷һ½ѹϣ޷ҶٱļǾŹġ
һǵ͵һЩţ͵һЩҪЩʥͻΪҶţа
Уλļߵĺ춯أеҲŹ㡭
͵Ҷ૵


617 ס֣
λļߺôҲϹΪޱȻȲҶ񣬵ʵҲͬСɣҶһ
ӴľڣʱΪڽֻͣһ죬һ죬ͬΣһľ֮лɣʮ绯ζĿȥֻЩ·ǰȴԵޱңԶ
֮Уһͥ칬Ӧ˶
һʮЩҶͬҶķۣӣķȴʮλŮۣ۹ڷۣ廪£ۼ
ÿһŮ۵ķʣΪͬеĽͬӣеĻеı䣬еķϣЩϣеƽͣʮŮ۸и̬иʣиķΣ׷ʮ죡
᳤𣬿ǬվҶǰ
ҶǵһοԪʼ̾ѣЦӣڣǧſɾͣȴֻƬ̹򣬱ɾͷ
ʦ֣Ҹո޳ɷ֪࣬ⷨãܲܡ
̧ͷƳһۣķܷСôĦһ
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Ҷ΢ͷʮ磬ȷỹҪ׳ٱԪʼ칬
˾ֻľ֮УһŮ߳Ҷʮ죬Ҷӭǹʮľ£Լطá
ҶΪԶȷط࣬൱Ѿླ󾳽ͳͳһ飬֮֮ܼ
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ԼӲ󣬵ķȻҪ࣬ʮ΢ŮۣҶЦԼ΢鹬
Ҷ΢΢һƳƳԵŮֻרƽƺûע⵽Щ
΢ϣŮ޹֮УöŮ۽˵ڴʰп࣬еᣬס֣򡭡
㲻ڣʲôңǲǻûгô
λŮ۳ԳЦޱȣλ˼ĵ׵ŮԸȻ෴Ȼòһ޶ȴޱȣߣϣںϡ
£СźޡЦ

칬֮Уң˵ķ鵽Ũʱ֮͸γɴʴٴ죬ˡ
Ҷȴ·Ȼ飬ǰȥҶ͵͵ŮһֻۣŮ͸¶֬Ĩ̺죬΢΢ЩأӦòһ顣
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Ѿи֮ȢΪޣ֮ȻԷἫΪϲѡȴûпǹ
飬ӲǿҲ᷺ģżϷ˵Ҳǳˣ繬ؿ䣬ֻǿͷռЩȴȡʵʵж
ԼĶŮӣȴЩѳֲסȻûеҲԲȥ
ʦ֣ǵȥңҪΪҵһЩ˼Һܺ˵ǰһΪϲ
Ҷ𵱳뿪ʱĻЩԣ̾˿
ͻȻԶȺɽϿգҶôش˷Ƭ̣촫𶯽ƽϢ
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˵ӿŲȥѾ޳ɷʮ֮࣬Ϊͨʿʮ֮࣬ƽޱȡ
ûãҶľͷֻһ޴ɽɽ׷׵ͷͬͷ̽ǰ޴ķذ֮С
ľ޴󣬲ͨɫͬһڴ֮еĴȺɽ֮䡣
޴ɽ֮УҶоһɹɵӷذдвһذôɽһǳĺģժһǳǳǺˣԼķĹ
ޱȣϹʥʣ׷£ժǳֱ񻰣Ǵ˵ܣ
ϹʥʵĴĹѾǿк俪¶ֱͨͨԯʥʣԼʥ𾳵Ĵף˿̶ѾǳĻľ޷֮УѰʵ塣
ҶһۣЯĹϹŵĻ꣬һ޴ĵص׹
ͨͭǽϹŵĳŲƱڻԻͣݻˣ羵淢
ߵľͷǰȻȻʣһصĿռ䡣
ҶȻǰһƬɽˮ㣬һƬͬһԭʼɭ֮УеɭɭĹĹȻͬ
иǹϵĹĹѨǸʱܹɽڿһǳǳڲһĿռ磬лľд󽭴ӣйڵãΰ׳˴۽磡
ϹʥʵֶΣȻͬСɡҶ૵
Ƭռģһɽ룬ĴȺɽˮð˳һ۶ϵĴɽɽĶϽΡĹһۿȥһִسĸоȻ
ʮۣЩ׷ʥɽȥĵһ֮УλϹʥʵ֮
Ƭռ֮УһɬȻϢ׻ʵϢͬ׻ϢԵ嫣ޱȵѹȸУ˳ѹˣ׻ǰ޷̧ͷֻܸ׳Ƴ
ϢȴӺԨѹǿȴԵһ׽ͣһλߵĸо
ʥʳʥѰԵͨͬСɣͬһ㡣ҶܵϢ̾
ԯҵǰ̫ϵںʥصĸҲָǰ治Զ
Ҷȥֻԯ̫ϵڵǰУʥɽȥֻ֮ңͬͨƣٶ죬һ·ƽʥɽһʥɽȥס
ͻȻһޱǿϢӺ󷽶ҶһͷȥֻļļʥĴڸϵ֮С
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ҶæסС֣³ȥ΢ʮŮ۷߳˫ӣϲ½ƣЦȻ޷סļҵʥҲܸϰ
Ϊȴǰ˰ٱֹµĽǿֵط棬ټϻ֮ԭĽƣһϿմ£뵽֮УеĽǣһȫ
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ȻΪǱȲҶ񣬵ʵȴ˿ֵطʵǡ
ͨƣԼµĽĽһȫļʥ˴µĽƣӦٽƶļҸֺȥ㸲ɽױŷˮӿľ춯أҶһɽļ˸ȥѣ
ͬĩգڽĵļֻشһ㣬ǵˮӵ˺飡
ֶΣҶ磬ԼĽƹ֮£²ҲҪˡ
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˿ļλãѾһƬ棬ɽ飬ѿлзļǱͷӷ߳ݺݵҶͷῴȥ
úݵСŮ̲סƿڴ
ļʥֹ̧֣˵ʹ¶֮⣬΢ЦŮϻˣʵɷҶȱһλ䣬һ¡
ԶҶ񿴵ļʥƽ̾˿˻ʱϾ˻ʣΧĽƣ޷Ըȸ֡
ͻȻǰ쳣ҵĲһҶæѭȥֻ֮УȻ̽һ˶ͷݺ·ҧȥ
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ҶĿԯȱλ湫Ӽһ죬춶ɢ˻֮֮УͭͷǣĿ֣ţͷ߳Ӳ
Щ˵ʵһǿľ⣬ҶĿƬ̣֪ԯȱʵΪΡ
ԯȱٶȼ죬Ѿ޳ླѾڣӦҲԼļõһʮ졣
ױÿһ涼˻֮һǽԯҵǰߣһƬΣ֮أҲʹʧ䡣
ԯȱܹѰױ죬ļӦüѣԯ˵ԯȱʲôҲȱǴμΪ
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ȫӳһô˵Ϊ˻ʣǼʮ죬ӳܣôΪʥ
ԯȱȻԶԶûдﵽһ
ˣΪʵҲƿֲ֮ͬУ档
Ҷϸϸһ£һУԯȱģɲ⣬һڶΪѾﵽױ㣬֮гôҲλС
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ЩˣӵдˣС
ȻҶҲ֮һΪǿһλ츮˻ʶɥУ֮޷ܴʵҪԯȱ
ԯ˹ֿͬǰУٶԽԽ
ԯڲͣͷһֻ̽ýڽըȴڴʱֻ֮Уһ̽Դצǹȥ
ԯһٴνľ򱬣ûϵǣջζٴγһ
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΢üմоʮŵ֮࣬ԯҴֻǵһ൱һλ˻ʵĹǰߣᴥڶ˵ھʮŽ൱ھʮλ˻ʵĹʮʱ׻ҲҪĶӣ
ҶвɺȻʮλ˻һӦúεȵľ춯أ˵׻ҲҪĶӣš
ʦûа취ƽҶЦ
һۣĶˣЦմƣֽ鲼ʥɽΧػ꣬ܲ͸磬κ˽У⵽ƵĹҵȴúͼ˻ʰݹմ©ʱҲһԣһЩ
ݣûʮİգҵı£Ȼƽȹʮŵմҵı²¡
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ļʥ˵ٶȣ׷
ӣصģֻҪ׷ڣǱȻްҶЦ
ͷǣЦҵı£ٱңѧˣʮŵմ϶Ѳ
ǰȥһɽǰͣ½Ų̧ͷգеૣָԾ㲻ѡ
ҶҲ̧ͷȥֻ֮Уһ֣ͬ𶯲ݡ
ҵרԽ˽Ĳ࣬޷˸ӵĽơ
Ƭ̣ϣĨȥͷĺ飬ʦ֣ߣǧҪߴһᴥơ
ҶҲɵòಽڷֻŮСźϣеૡá󡱡Ǭ֮ĹŹִҶͬһ㣬һҲ
߳أ߳һմҶϺˮʪ͸˻ʾнʵһմ൱һ˻ʵĹ
һڵĸовʬ޴棡
վڵڶմǰݵʱʩչ׷ǰһ˻ʰԣͣ㡣
Ǽǰȥһ·ƽ
ڵǰѾʼúͼԺͼ˻ʰһմ֮е·
˵ƣľ㣬ʼһ߷ЭԼ㡣
һ·ʮ˵ƣʮŮ۷࣬ѾһС֮࣬ķѵʱ
Ҷ뵽һжʮλ˻һһľĸо
ߴһɰ㷲


619 µһ
մΣգһһΣգһһѽ⣬ЩʥصʥҲʶһ㣬жӽҶͷϡ
ҶŷڶʮŵʱĻͷȥֻԯѾָϳָϳָ·ƿմˣľϹָϳ¡
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ԯһҪָϳԿ˻ľһ߻Ҫ߶ָϳ·ǰҴѾ
̫̫ͼͬҲǰĵ·ͷͬ˻ʵľϹǡ
ʥעڡ̫ϵڣҲƵıմ·չԯһҪһЩ
ļңϵ׻չֳǿʵ߶һ󶦳ޱȣ󣬻½Ͻһ飬գһ·ӲѾ˶ʮմǰٶű
ֻҪǵٶȷûнεĿܣΪմԽ棬ԽǿļҵʥԿʮλ˻ʵĹմһƣ൱ھʮλ˻ʺ׻ʶ޷⣬ȻӲУ
Ҷ״˿ĵǻΪڶʥĹˣ
ʥȷѧˣ˿ԶԶҶͷᣬѾʥɽĽ£ͻưʮƣ
۲ΰԵĸˣ˿̷·ҲѣѾʼúͼݵڰʮƵ·
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Ǻͼİ֮׷ͼȻԶ
ֻǣݵʮʱҶƳʥɽ֮£ƺһɱ
Ҷʮʱ߳˰֮ңƺһ޴֮У޷ƽ⡣
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Ҷ񿴵ŮвиַŷƮЩŷģҶһҲϵãеķŷ󷨣еƣеͻȻеһصĹʽȻȫݣϢޱӴ󣬴ﵽһֲľأ
㺹ĿûĴڣƺ֮УҶĲúˮҲûв
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ڣݵڰʮƣƽֻаಽҶ˳ᣬķŬŬ죬ᾪѣſԼĸס
Ҷңң֣ЦЦˡ
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˫֣Цɷ㶼ûбסܱסı£ǵһֽ̳ģѵΪ㣿
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Ҷ񿴵λʥɫʱûҰһİɣֹ֪˵Щʲô
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૵еķŷתĸ࣬ȻȥʮմѾЩһ㡣
ѧʶޱȷḻֻһʼʱСմߴһʱմȴʦ˵Ϲƣۻͨ͸ְȻء
΢ŷĴ˫Ŀ֮·ֺУ΢ЦǺһʮմ߷һвҪݳʮմ·ҪȥȻҪͣоƬ̣
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Ȼ˷ģСҲܵκˣ
ҶɫȻͷǣʱЦЦĿһۣ˱ء
ı飬ɵ߳ŭݺݵһۣ漴˫գһĪӡ
ҶǰֻλʥԼԼ϶ôһʹˣѹֺԽԽѣ޷ˡɳ̲
ӣԵ֮ƵµһƴʦˣҶ̾
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࣬Ĵ󣬵ҵֻоƽ֮ˣ¼Ƶմ׷ǣ׾٣
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Ѿһʮմ߷Ϥ֪ᣬʡȥ˷ʱѪã̤ɽֻۣʥɽ֮ϣڵ岼ʤ
Ҷͷɽ¿һۣǾЩ˼飬Щʥ֮մ֮пһ·δߵһ·̣ȴѾʥɽۣ֮λϹʥʣֻһ֮ң
ͨľ֮ͨ·Щ֮еıأԼųǡ
ҶЩͷĿѣЩƸ·ֿɵá
˵أʥʵֺƵ㴺ϢŨˣˣЩõصλϵʥʣ·ûȥɢ
׻ʣԶŵͨˣʥǿǿ׻ʶ󼰵ĵز
Ҷͷһ·ȥûãһʥǰֻͷʮŵХڣעʥ֮С
Ҷ񳤳˿ߵʥǰץסϵͭЦʣô΢Ҷٱǰ£
ԳЦͣҲȤ΢ᣬݼ£
۵
ʥͭͻȻԳ¶һͨϢƺǵλϹʥʾѡ


620 ӡ
ҶϲһЦӣûо쵽һ紵˳
⻰ЩëСԴãȻûСʥﴵô
Ҳûо쵽ֻһʰˡҶЦ
һۣӵĿ˿ʥľ£ȴʲôҲûпв㷲Ĵһֻʬʲôģ˼ҪҪҶʦֻο
վʥǰƬ̣ʼûпʬʲôЩʧ
Ҷ²ʥ֮У᲻һ˼æҶʥֻԵһڻ
ϸϸȥֻһڻһֻһòŮվԣһľѡ
ڶڻȴ֮еһӤ㵸һǧһ̽Ų㱦
λӤӦñˣ񣬽̡ԭ̻ʳʼʣȻ
Ҷ񲻽̾ĽϹʥʣһʿԪͨþŲ㱦ֲ飬֪Ҫö۵Ҫ
ҲߴڻЦϹŴܳʱټ˵Ŀʦ˻活ʣʱҲͼ˻ǰ걳飬͵活ǰ
ҶҡͷѣЦҳʱôû󣿡
ͷЦ˼ϹŵʥʣĽġ
ҶһڻȥֻеӤѾʼˣʱĻʳ׻ͳѾôɭϣԸ޵ͳ˥
ʱĻʳѾߵ;ĩ·ѹ˵ľŶʧֻʣڴ󶦣ڴʱģݣΪɷӴĵͳΣʵѾһ
ڳ֮󣬹սʢһ֮־
ʱ쿪ѣһλ˵ӰٵĹλԺа˵½֣תֻأϢʼĽ£λƺڸʲô
˽һ辡
ͨ񣬱ڳ۶֮УԾŽ״ʼ
ѵǽľʧ
ҶϾȥľĿסڻ֮λ˴ʵĻ棬д𶯣ӡλˣӦñǵ̻֮ʳʼ棡
λ˵Ŀģ壬ףӡҲֻֻƬצ޴ӿһӡĿ
ҶԷתȱĻ棬ӡ
ڸʵӡоʽʽ֮УҶѾõʽֱӡȶӡӡ̫ӡ򲻰ʽӡ֮С
ʵľʽӡӦ磬оŲ㣬Ϊ졢졢F졢졢졢졢졢Ϸ졢졣
ӡͬ𣬺ƵڣܺƴԱΪ٣˶ɽ١
ȶӡ⾳Զºңӡﾡƿء
ӡ벻գ죬ͬڣǿ
ʽӡÿһʽԼɫԼһ棬ǿ׷֮һ
ҶԺչһƬ磬üӿ֮Уһ飬нʮˣ׷
֮УӰζʩչӡͼݳʣµʽӡ
ΪԶںʱǿᣬҲøǿںʱֻܻܷʮ
ʮҶһӡЧǺε֮죬εƺƴ
ˣҶҲʮʱ䣬һӡ
ʽӡӡӡչԹ½ּӳ֣Ԫط࣬ͳͳգ򷨲մ򱦲ˣ
ֹʱ䣬Ҷɹݳڶʽӡӡӡչֳ棬仯ڷ֮䣡
ѧӡԽ࣬ݵٶȱԽ죬ܿһʽӡݳ
ʽӡӡӡչͬ׹һħԪط࣬ϸʶǣ޲ܵһļ尾־ݲԪǺһӡ
ţFӡӡȴûκιֻ˵ٶ˫˲Ϣ糤գܼ
ӡҲ׷ױݳӡǿһӡ£ͬݲ绯Ϊ硣
ӡǹʶһӡԷʶ飬ȡ
ӡľŴӡڱ룬һ
ӡ׻ķţ֮ѹսķĻʳһͳ£
Ҷоӡǿʽһɹأɽˣڲ֮أ
ӡһչգȿɶܵ˵ĹֿϮɱ֣˷ʤ
гӡӡٶȿ޷˲ϢķٶȻҪ첻֪٣ֻдµķŵһħͨսʤ²ӡᲢۡ
ѧӡ˻ʥҪɱңûпܣ
ҶĴƳû뿪ר־ΪвЩжЦӣõˡ
˵ͻȻֻһ죬ʥɽҲЩ΢ɫ΢䣺ʬô
ʲôʬҶ
Ůɫ΢죬ҡͷûʲô
Ǵɽ´ѵ˵ЩʥڰͲסƽˣ
Ҷͷἱæ߳ʥ·ĵطȥֻļʥԯԼСʥء¡̫ڡڡ̫ϵڵʥصʥ˿Ѿ֣ͬļҵ׶Կմ
Щʥ磬ʮƣʮ˻ʵľǰȥ޿ƥУ
ʥԿ⼸λ˻ʣټЩ˺ļҵĽԽ֮Կմٶȼ죡
ȻҶרоӡʱ䣬ЩʥѾĳЭ飬ƽͬʥɽʥı֮
ͬʱԿʮ˻ʵľЩʥҲЩٶѾʼȻȲʥɽƽ
ЩʥʥɽʥеĲƸᱻѹһգһڲиʣĻᶼûУ
ҶĿæסС֣ڱȥǿߣеĲƸܴߵͳͳߣһʣ
ٴߵеıڻǰͻȻƳʵǸ辣ͨвȻһ
ԼԪֻ裬֦Ҷ䴹£֮һᣬ㿴辣ҵԪǲмƣ


621 ʥ֮
ҶҵླڣԪҲȴǰ׳ǿ󣬷ϸϸЦȷмơѵҶʦֵԪǽľ
Ҷҡҡͷɻ̵Ľľؼһ޶Ĵڣ꽨ľûԪôֽܷ⣬뵽ҵڣ
ʿԪϹǿߵԪ;Ƭɢ䵽ؼ䣬壬γɵԪ׻ĸ̵Ľľؼһ޶ĴڣôҶԪ㲻ǽľΪľڳ۶ͨУȻ۴һ룬û
գգ۾Цһ֦辣ʣ֦辣ųɳΪľĪеĽľ٣ʦֵԪ꽨ľԪ;Ƭ
ҶҲĻеǻһ˵ͨǾ¥¥ҲһһģһԪͬʵ壬ʵϵĴڣһֱڲ
һѿȻųɳΪľ
Ľľ٣Ԫ罨ľԪ;Ƭô¥еǴӺζ
˼⣬¥أ˶ͣλϹʥʣҲڳ֮õ֮¥ȴ͵¥÷顣
ҶȻѾླڵľͷʵǿ󣬿ȴǶ¥¥еȴû˿ͷ
Ҷѹͷɻ󣬿˿෴ӡĻ棬в¶һ˿׹⣬ĵҿԴЩڻӡСʥӵй½˵Ҳӡ罫Ƭڻ׻ȥ
뵽֣ԥһ£Щڻǰȥĵ˽ҵӡǰȥӡǰ˵ѪҵСЩڻ˵ĳλʿǰҲܴӱڻӡİ
ϣʵıڻһζʵõӡ֮ʵ޳׻ʣʱޣΤޣޣޣ֮кͳͳ̲Ϊ̵Ľ
ֱʱûжԸ޴ĻʳΪĵʵǿᣬӵ
ֱԼΪﵽ׻ʵ۷ʱĻʳ֣ǧޣǧޣͳһ׻ġ
Ϊ̴ĵĻ壬ԯ۵Ѫʲûжļº֣ǽĻŵݣԼ£ļݰ벽
ҶۻеıڻЩڻУļҾŶĳƴ׳ۡ
ҶоǣƾŶǳֿȭûжκױҪ֪ļҾŶ󶦶ǽΪʧԣҲǶ˻֮
ľŶ϶Ϊһʥ֮ʥѹ׻磬ǧޣ
ʧԣĴ󶦼˻֮һܣֻ±ʥ֮ҲѷɫԶ
ʳֿȭʣֻ˵ΪʵǿƥͬʱҲ˵ֻ±ʥ֮ѷɫ˶١
֪ˣʶȻǽԼʥʥ֮
ҶоͻȻ뵽ܣ׻ʵ쳣ǿᣬλĵĹ׻ʼǾŶһ׻ʵױᱻ飬Դ
ʵʱȴǳֿȭսʺʹĵľŶɽʻţɼʱѾӽʥ֮ļ
ʵʱĵλͳһ˳֮ǧޣһѣûκαֻ˵ԼԼɿԿļҾŶĴڣ
ʵʥ֮֮УܹȥȡѪҺΪҪ֪£¸Ƽڴˣȡ֮Ѫ֮Ѫཨľأ
ҶŲü
˵֮Ѫཨľýľ֮ͨ·磬мֻɣʵʥ֮׻ֳֽҲ޷ȡ֮Ѫ
˵֮Уܹܹȡ֮Ѫ
ˣҶɽľǷҪ֮ѪࡣǸ֦辣£࣬ųɽľ˵ӵе෵Ѫֻõ׿ѪýľɳһЦ
ôԼѪľԼѪ࣡
ͷ񣬾ʲô
ʥɽ£ļʥѾ˰ʮմǼ׶ʮ׶ϿգϺ·ʥصʥ𾳵ĸֱӳ
Щߵڸо˼Ӳʮλ˻ʵĹԳܣ
Ҳڴˣβ֣һ𴳹ʮŵմ
ļʥһʥӽѾﵽޣ֧ŽһմԯλƴʦæǴմȻûжѣ
˿֮ڴ˵ع̲ǰΪѾߵ˾΢һʮ˻ʼľ
ʵҲᱻ˿ֲĽƺըֻܱڴˣ޿κΡ
ļ׶֮£Цմʵѣλֻ谴ҵķԸߣʣµմ׾ٱԴʥ
˾һ񣬰ָ㣬Ȼܿһմλʥǿ߶Űʮʥɽƽʥ
ʦ棬紺磬ЦѧˣµһĽƴʦһȻ
ɫһ죬һ׹⣬ĵͺ¿֪ҶСһͨմʥƫƫ˵ǵһƴʦǳŪҡͺ¿øһɫ
ʥϲŭ޳ǹάȴɷ̣̲סǹ
֪Ѿߵھʮ˵մһ·ƽȴڴʱֻӰζͻȻ׶³죬̨ȹأʥɽֻۣ֮λʥǿҶһ
㱻մ֮УǾ뿪ļʥŭЦ߷ߵ
𱨣ӣʦŭ
ʥЦٷվɽۣ¸ӣЦǾ߳ʣʮմѾǱǷĶ𱨣
ЦһԸ΢ЦҪ𱨣մвµĴƣеմһ𹴶ǶһᱻʮֱӺɱĪҪҲɣ
˶ͷ亹֪û˵󻰣ϲŭ޳ҶΪԵģпΪǴģҶΪǴģƫƫΪеԳȡ
̫ϵڵʥЦղ߳ĲѾҸߣᴥھʮŵմ
˾һ񣬸ǰȥǸոһֻ¡һ죬Ͽյ֮Уһͷ̽Դ
壡һ嵽ɽۣ԰մ˹˲ñ̫ϵڵȫ߶׶ǰȥ
ڣǧ࣬嵽ʥɽۣ֮۵˿ѪήٵڵϣϢ


622 ɽͼ
Ҷ˿ѾʥʥʵϢǿȻʥû׻־춯ѹһеϢʥʱϾʥʣϢѹȣֻ޷Ϣ
ֲ̻ɱҶĸоǼࡣմȽͨĶڻ¡
зĹͣиʥصʥͣЩʥһ·ƽǿĽɨԽʮδĵط
ʥʵϢԽԽǿҶʥɱǰľ𺳣ҲסĿһĻ
ֻǰޱŨǲڤҲǴһŨͬţ΢΢һڣˬҪϼһ㣡
̲صԶԶŽ״Ǵٱǧ֮࣬һڣ˷·ԼͬҪű
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Ҷ૵ǾŴе֮
Ƭ֮γɵ֮ϣƯһĴ½ҶܿѰޣ漴ҳ޴½ޣޡ
֮едޣǧУγһƬ嫵׻磬طҶҲûȥˣ
ǧ޵ĵͼÿ½϶ЩĽ㣬Ĵ½ޣǧ֮࣬Ĵ½ϡϡ䣬еĴ½ţеֻһţ֪Щָľʲô
ҶѰޣϸϸȥֻǰ½ͻȻ·ޱȺΰޱ׳ͬıһ㣬ɽǹׯĿڻľޱȣ
ǣ޵ͼӦʱɵױעȴڵĵʮǸʱޣѾڴྶͥ޵ͼעģȴڵĵһģһ
ԼñѵȺɽԼĹǷʥأܹǷʥУѹʥ˵ĺ䷹ʽ
ͬʱҲЩ㾿ʲôЩ㣬ȻһɫľŽ״
һŽ״޵ɽͼУҶҵǷͻȪħڵľŽ״Ȫħڵ֮࣬ѹֻ֮УһȴںסС
֮壬ز¶Ҷ˱򲻿֪˾Ȼ˴ˣȻһŽ״
Ž״֮ûб¶ӦǱӡ޷оϢ
ʥص֮⣬಻˷ֵľŽ״ڴصߣ޵ͼϣȴɼƺֿɵã
ֱһѰͼӦһͳ׻ر
Ҷ񳹵ױסˣʴǧ½ӦΪô̻ʳõͳ׻磬ɽͼܹ׷ٵɽı仯Ѿ׻ĵһĸطս𣬱̻ᱻ̻ʷ֡
ǧ½﷢ʣӲ̻ʵĶĿһţһײ棬ޱȵڵͼϣۻ
Ϊؼǣӵ˴˱̻ʳԾۼеĲƸĲƸͳͳƿ֣ûκһʥأʳ⣡
ĸʥռݵԴ̱̻࣬ʷ֣Ǹʥصʵִ̻ʳľͳελ
ãҶѹе𾪣³һоⱬ䣺ɽͼԲκһ˵У׻ĪѣһͳһĻʳ
ǧɽͼһ޷ĲƸ֮ҪҪǧҶ񵱼¥̽ȥǧ½ݺץ¡
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ǧ½Ȼһ֮ϣƯ֮Уɴʵ͸׼޷
Ҷɽͼ֣صĴ¥У˿ЦӣЩ֮㾡ˣΪ棬ܹܿ޳ط࣬𾳣
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֮ԶŽ״Ҳϡ
ȻҲ֪֮ߵ޷ԼУȴƴǵʦ֣Ҫ࣬ǡ
ҶĻЦѾõĹˣ֮ãҲвѷٶȲ֮Щ֮㾡ˡ
᲻ƴǣȡһö««򿪣ڰ֮Уֻ«һǿư㽫֮«֮С
Ƭ̣ڽе֮«ڣ޷«𣬲ΡΡӿ׹䣬æ˱«ЩȻ
Ѿླ۷ĴףƾͷԪʼ޳ʮŮ۷࣬Ϊ񣬿޳طľͷȻ޷ö«ɼе֮Ǻεȳأ
ܽе֮Ϊ޳ط࣬ڣԲڻ£
뿪˵أΪѰŽ״԰ĵ׻ʵľ磡Ҷĵ
ѰŽ״ִ󻰣¾ӦڵҲ˵ڣҶõɽͼ˵⻰Ȼ
֮ɢ¶ȫòֻڻһ̨ڷʯգ̨飬Ӧõľڷڴˣλʥʡ
֮⣬硢ǡεʼҶҲͳͳЩǱ඼ǲ֮м˻֮ѹܣ˯뷲һ޶Ѱʱʹõ
ԼӼ߶ܣЩչ֣
Ҷ֮ݲԭ򣬷ٽɨһ飬ûκһ䣬κһ
ѴͭԼ¥УЦʦ֣ǰиõĶα˷ʱ䣿
еҶ²һͭ¥Уǰȥ
ʥ֮е·ӣԱλڴϿգһڶֻҪ˳ߣѰλϹʥʡ
һ·ɨʵ֮ؽӽڴʱļʥڵϢϣʥ֮С
Ѿȹʮŵմԭĺϵ˿ʥϵʱ΢˵⡣
ʥ֮У϶˿̸ʥ֮ѾӺתΪߵĹϵ¶ЩȻȻ顣
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Сʥ֮ʦԭڣƺıﲻΪ⣬ͻȻӡĻ棬вɾⱩ䣬һֳŷڻץȥһǽӲץһ飬Լı֮УͬҪһ㡣
ϰ½һɨڻ֪⼸ڻмصĲȱӡǹ½ֵӦ֮ܹӳĪܣ׷


623 ɨһ
Ǻǣ⼸ڻ˵ȴģԱڻ˵ļҾŶİ취̫ڵɨļʥһۣζ
ļʥŭһ̽ڻץȥͬʱֻͬʱ⼸ڻץȴʥ֮ͬʱ֣㽫ڻΪУĦеļҾŶ֮
˵ڰжһǣߴʥƺһ۷˻ʵʵನóʥ֮˶Ѫ̱أȥ𾳵۷ףҲ޷ֳ
ļʥЦһ׶סλʥٷһƣڻͳͳ顣
ЩڻҶҲ̻ȥˣҲЩڻЩ屦㳹׻Щʥ֣֮
λʥ״ٳ֣аһϧ
ļ֮ıǾŶŶ̲֮˾Ŵֱѹɽˮף¼׷ױͳͳƣǽҲŶ档
Ȼļҵ˵ߣʧļɲС
ܹõʿƾŶİ취ļұ㲻Ϊǡ˿̱ڻļʥȥ֮㲻ɣļҷͻòʧ
ļʥЦĵЩһЦģﻹǶޡļһ񣿡
λʥɺɫ·ʲôûз
ʦ˼ӡıڻ㣬ǺЦλαΪЩС´󶯸ɸꣿУ֮ĲƸҶٱѾУһ˵ûúȡ
һݣҶٱ˵ϾΪ㣬౦޷ȡȴǾͨƵĴʦ۷˻ʣн֣һһʥ
ѧˣûжٱ޷ȡġ
˴ǰȥûãʥĴ֮УۿȥֻͬͷϬţֱײɨһ飬ǽ岻˵ǸëҲûʣ£
һļҵϹЦŭôҲõʥ֮ѿһЩҲҪһ
ֹѿȻͭĸǴ㽫ʥˣԼϼȥ
ߣñ˰ʥˣ
˴ǰһͳͳɨһ飬ɫʱޱѿ
λʥҲ΢ʣԹһЩԼ⣬ôҲҪֱһЩˮˮû뵽ȻˢˮҲһڡ
˿̣һʥѾʥֳֻһֵڿһǽϹŵ黭Ҳͳͳȡߣ˫ַŭҶٱС쵰ҪεôһֱӦڵһУͬʦֵܣ
ٶȱҶͷҪ࣬Ͼһѹһǰܿ㱻׷ϡ
ʦ֣ӦʯۣҲҪôСŮ
ţߣһһƥʯۿ͸棬ôҲһױҶЦ
ɫһڣһ·ëҲû䵽ȫΪСһΪѴ˵صıͳͳѹһ飬ȻιʯҲҪߣݡ
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᲻־ϲæӭǰЦٲǱˣ
ҶҲǰᣬ¶һ˿Ц⣺ŮΪõѸ٣û۸ɣ
ʣɫһǿҡͷЦԪʼҹඥҵΪླڡ
ԪʼĪĽ
Ŷһ΢΢ݣ֪ʣȻ֪ԪʼʥڡԪʼںԪʼħʥأһΪʥصĴʼ߶ⲿⲻͬŲʥء
Ůķʩչõ
Ӧǣ΢ʮλŮ۷̬߳ɫʷȣвͬνǧ˰̬
̾һаܹóԪʼʤĽʤ˲֪ٱ
СӣȻ±ǮȻڷôĽ
ŴҶһۣһûԭСԼĶŮףȴɹԼСŮ£ɫãĵ
ͨŽȻ֪֣ĵֽԪʼԪʼۣǵһλۣɾͼߣ֮ϡСӴڷ۵ķǴҺݺݵһʼױ
ЩͷϴǰȪħڶףѾͳ׽˻֮֮ɣȥȪħ׵Ļ˻֮Ͳ֮˵λȨأƿһʥأõó
ǽȴˣŮĽ活ֻŮӲ
СӳͷŮȥ˵Ҫҵ
뵽ɨҶһۣŭһҶѪڣ֪λͻȻ䷢ʲôƢ
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ҶͷҶСӣƢɲ˵ôá
գգ۾ƽܺ˵ģ֪ΪЩƢꡭ
˴һֹŮ鳤ӣ̲סŭһҶѪڡ
Сӣһ֪Ǹڴҽôƫƫ⣬Ƚıߣ
һˣ̳֣ܿĶǲǱͳͳȡѧһЩͭҲˣԼͲ֮С
Ͳܹͬһ磬װ˶ıûмֺ
ҶԴ˲Ϊ⣬õɽͼѾıﲻУ֮Ըղƴѹʥеıֻǳɵϰ߶ѣʵЩļֵ˻֮ԶԶȲϽɽͼ
ңʥеıҲû˵С
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ͼǰͭˣͻȻֻŲֻļʥԯ硢ʦȵʥ֮ӵ
λʥ͸ʥصĸĿе֮ͭϣֻһЦһʥȻҲ顭
ʦ֣ΪЩ̫ɣ
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΢΢һһĨŭ֮ɫղŵΪ˶ͬʥЩ߳ŭ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦļʥ㻹ΪԼµĹˣȻԳΪޣʥ֮УԳΪޣǴ治Ծл˵ԱȫԼһȫʬԲðɣ


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ʹȻǷǷȻѾʮͳͳЩд󳼣
ЦԭΪʮΪ֮ãû뵽ȺҲڴ˴
Ҷ¿ȥòλϹʥ֣Цʵǣܼ
̻ʳһλʵۣ̻֮Ĺʱ֣ΪµĹᣬܳҡ
̻λ̻ʳ֮ȿʵʻѷɫ١
̻֮Ĺ𾳵ĴΪµΪȺԦ¥Ĺ֮Ρ
֮Ĺū֮Уʮʥǿߣһλ׻ʣ
ȺΪǿֲûκһ˵˻ʵΪʥ֪ж٣˵׻ʴУ
¹СһЩǧҪǰЩͭЩ餡˵һϣЩȺʬ֮ڣǵΪǰȫʢ״̬ԽľΪף򱣳ɢ
̫ڵĺɫҲأ֮Щ֮гǿÿһڹ֮еϢѷɫģܻʥľǿߣȫʢ״̬֮ʱİ
ԯҲ¶֮ɫֵ֣˵ؼΣգָϳҲ޷ж·ѵ˵Щʹʳ֮У׻ʴڣػꣿ
˵صȷ׻ʴڡ
ڵʥܸӦ˵޵׻ϢǺǣЩ֮оȫʢ״̬׻ʣӵ׻ʵķ׻ʵ׻вᱻ飡
ʥ˵رȾʮŵմҪΣ౶вЩͭеߣܹ
ôʣ
ҶЦӣûķȻʵ֮
̧ͷϿտȥֻ֮ϣǣȺ貣Ǻ̵ܹɽۼµıһǿգĹϿա
ǳɫнƶɣݻޱȡ
ʮۣǿգһͷͷͷ֮ӵ룬Ǻ֮ϣſڣз·жڡ
ͷľɷֳʮע·ͱ֮ϵĸ֮ͭС
ϹʥʣȻ


628 ʥɥ
֮ŵĶΪ̫Զһƣһ֮֮޷оʲô˵Ǵд
λʥ۾һע⵽֮ϵǿͷȻһۣԱ˴˶Է¶䱸֮ɫ
ǰǿ໥໥֣ɱֺߵʵ֮Ѿҵίߡ
ͬʱΨֱ˴˶ԷͻȻ֣ʵ
ߣ
ļʥһ׶ХϿյǺӳȥдļҸּæϡʥ״Ҳ׷
ҶҲϿվʮۼͷſ֮ȥ

·޵ԨͻȻһɺӿӵϾȥͬ޵ͷˡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬˱㱻ɺûֻһԯҵһԲ㱻ɱ磬漴һأɢ
СʥصһõɮҲ˲Ϣ֮⵽ϮԪط඼
ʥصҲиɺ֮С
ԭʥڶȹǰūͨʱв⵽شν˲أв𾳵Ϲ
ԽԽͣԽԽңɺԨӿƺ޾ӿԽԽߣ·Ҫһֱ絽ϵǶǺ֮У
ͻȻֻʮͻȻԯҵ֮зɳӳ󣬱֮ӿΧ˷ɣ赲⡣
ԯҵһʮ죿ҶĿע⵽ʮԯȱԯȱΪԽױӳԯҵֹͬ߶״졣
һһ˻֮ʮһ𣬱ǽܷǧٱ֮ࡣ
ʥ֮Ҳ׷ʩչֶΣֵϮ
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Ҷںͼı֮Уذ˻ͬ쳣ںͼ·ȴƽ˾
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۷˻ʣ
Ҷͺһһ۷˻ʣӦϹʱͼһλǿߣһ·ʮŵմūĹȺȴں֮С
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أ
ɽײͼֻͼͻȻһƣɽ飬֮еλ۷˻ʵʬҲ÷飬ڡ
ͻȻɽ𣬳ϰգЩɽ֮кȻҲӡһصĴף࣬壬Ҳ塣
ʵ֣ϸ棬֮̽ĹԼʮ֣ЩӦе˻ʰ̲
Σֻ֮Удʱڵĸʬ屻ӡڱ֮гЩͳͳû뿪ôʵأ
¶Ȼ֮ɫ̾ϢʵȻΪ׻ʣҲûӳ˵أȻˡ֮󣬴ʮҲͳͳڴˣӴ˴ܻʳһղһա˺ûܻʳΪ׻ʣ˻ʶѣҲ޷ͳһ£ܻʳȻֱΪȺۡ
Ҷ˼󺺵ļǴܻңҲһʥأ˴֮̽Ĺûмҵĸֲ룬Ҳԭ򡣡
䣡
һھ޴ĹľͻȻӺ֮г֣ƮƮɫסڹľľͷԨ֮У֪ͨδ
׳֣𶯣ԶԶȥͬһ޴ھ޴Ԩ֮ʻֻϿգƯһһͷͷߣͷϸͷ޴󣬳״۾ڤ֮򣬵е
ײھʮſڹľ֮УԨ֮Уһ𣬱溮
Ͽյɫ΢䣬æԦͼܿףȥͼɢĽ
ֻХĺУ죬ھ޹ԽԽߣڰһ޴Ӱ
ӿٶȣԦͼϿշȥԽԽԶ
УľʲôˣҶͷ̲ס
ʳ͢еȺĹǽϵ֮ͭУΨǱԨ֮£סִͨ󳼿Ǵ̻ʳ֮УԺ֮һλ׻ʣ
ʵ࣬
׺Ͼȫ߶ͼԶף£ة࣬򳣬׻еĶǿߡеİе׻ʣ˵ʵϹڶ׻֮УҲ
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·ͬһɹɼ˹һ嵴ݣƬƬʧ
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ǿͻȻ򿪹ײĸǣڵУҲײдľ޴òסľ֮Ʈȥ
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ҡҡͷ飬֪֮УᱻԶܣص֮󣬿ҲҪܴҪڵĸҹָ֪ܻ꣬ȫʢ״̬
ҶȻڵĹǵ֮ж׾ٱɥǿ֮Уڵλ׻û¶棬Ūһλʥ
ǽһλڴ˵ʥʥһӡ
ʥ޵еʥ֮µİƬ֮ĹУʵ㲻ʲôʥҲòҲ̶ãʬ޴棡
ļʥԯ硢ʦҲ󣬲ŵûɢԭ֮˵ݣǳΪ۷˻ƿؽγɵһ˿еΣշС
ڴ˵شʱǵ޵Ѿ״ƣвҲʱɥͨʿ
˷׷׼ӿٶȣӰϿշȥ
ǿҲڿգ׷

ס׵ͻȻ䵽˾ͷһ죬׶ڰ֮Сǿз·һŭ죬ʼûѡ
Ƭ̣½ֻԨҲͬˮ£һ޵׵Ԩ֮С
Ҷ˿Ϲ׻ʬ͹ײ׷ɱҲ˰亹ͻȻתһͷͷ亹£ʧȻ򳱻޵Ԩ֮Уôֻᱻ
̧ͷǺӣֻʮ۵ͷǼǺ֮ϣ૵Ǳɡ


629 ͬھ
Ҷв㷲ʵʼ棬ûгˣҲĨɱʥصʥԼڴССĸ֣ڵĽ飬Ҳûӹ׵ɡ
ֻ֣ڳЩͳͳ޷ѣҪ
ʵֻ±ֻǿȻ֮ĹУȴɱ׻ʵķǿޱߣ˻ʥܿ⣬û˿ô
Ƭǿ֮Уػ֮Ĺһأв±³ڳʥҪ
Ĺ餣ʥͳͳ⣬ҲԱ֮֮Ҷа
ЩǳнƶɣÿһƽѲϣ
оգ֮ϣֻ˵Ⱥ貣ǶȺǺӻƣнɫǳʤ
ÿһǳзԲ״С̲ޱȵܣȲ֮
һ޷ĲƸн֮࣬ǳ֮ͬɳʤǶǺӣʮ⣡
ݳ޵нǳǶǺӣ׺ԼĴĹֻλϹʥʣӵ˴ֱʣ
ѹ֮׻ʣһѣԭѼ֮нԼһĹ
µʦһţ̾Ϣ漴һץһǳУԼı֮С
Ʊнһ˿ڣʦͷԼƣ΢΢ݣعңȻǳӵв֮ܣнʵԴ˻ʥ֮û˻ʵʵǧҪͼȡ
ɮӦǡ
ʥҲԷԸԼɵĸ֣׷ȡЩǳǶ
˵صнʵ̫࣬ǳҲʤһϵΪ֮
ҲҶ񣬴Ⱥ֮Уȡ
Ҷ˵չԪʼͷ¥һ֮Ǭӳ֣ͬʱʮֻʮֻչӡʮֻչץסһǳԼ¥֮С
˿̵¥Ǭļӳ֣ټʮ˵ӡĻ֣˻ʥժȡǳٶȣʥҪ౶ɷעĿ
ҶΪСţҪǴʦüĿǺЦ
ҶҪһߣҲ㡣ʦ
ҶţԼǿᣬָˣ֮ͬȡЩǳǶ
ʦһԶŴѹЩǳǶܣ֮ѹ޷ˣȺɮһ֣ȡǳ
ʥ״Ҳ׷׼øɵĸҲУٶȶʱ˲֪١
Ҷ״ߵķЦӣҲְա
һæҡͷҵԶûнѹȺǡ
˭˵ûУ
ҶǺһЦͷһ·ɳʱϢʥصĽ࿹⣬Ⱥͳͳѹơ
ǲ飬ɽµ飬ȻǰƷĽҶҲûӦķ𣬵ѹЩ֮ȺȴȻ㹻
ҶٱСӣϵıǲ
ʥܾ֮׷̧ͷ¶˼ɫѵ˵ƷĽʱвŵĽϧʥؿʱҵΪûнûг֣Сӡ
ǸӾŭһĻ֣Ҳ뵽ѹǳǶ֮УŮʮ֣һΣȡʮǳ˼һ𣬱һʮţ
ûĸʥôݵٶȣҶͷˣȡǳռһС֮࣡
ԹŮ޵ʲôطࣿȻ˹죬ֱרķ
֮ϵǳ࣬Ҳܲסɨʱеǳʣ޼
صҶߣֻ˴յһ˽ӣÿһȡǳֻ¶㹻һˡ
ʦ֣ǲЩˣ
ҶǺЦôôûãĵرȻе߾֮ǵвȻҪС
ԣɫһڣһҶͷסڣ˹ɵĸĺ档
ȡн̫࣬Ѿʥ졣
ӽ㲻뿪Ұ벽뿪˵֮󣬿϶ʥ֣·ɱֹһλʥûаգһȥλ˻ʥӦûң
ҶæлȴЩΪ⣬Ц˻ʥ޷ҡ
΢΢ҡͷĵŮʲôã̫ĿһЩʥҲС
ȴ֪Ҷ⻰ǿ̸ȷ㹻Ĵʥĸȫˡ
ߵʮĻ֮ǿž޴ͷǰֻ˵Ӿд
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һ£Ŀڹ֮ЩʥҲòС䱸Ψʳ͢еһλϹ׻ʣ
֮Уֻ֮һɫ餺һڵۻʾ֮ף׵ĹײĸѾ򿪣һ׻ϢӿѹýС֣
˵Ǵڹд
ױȻ֮Ĺ
Ŀ˸֣ôѾ򿪣洫׻Ϣһˣˡ
СǰΨͻȻڹ֮ԾѾǿ㽫ڵĹɱɣ뻹֮ϣ
һɢȵܣλʥҲ˺ͼȡΪǿĽ˻סҶͷᡣ
Ѿ˴򿪣ײĸǶһԣ׻֮ӿڰγһϼ𶯡ϼޱȣһ˻ʣ˿̸ʥ𣬴߷ܣЩϼҲѹعľ֮С
ǰȥվڹľǰľпȥֻľ֮з·Ŀռ䣬һֻҰ׵ĴȻϢǰƮ漴Ǽѵָ֮⣬һЩ֫ϱۣлʹۣһͷƮ
òϣȻ˷ʬ֪ٶΣһֵۻ֮·ĵۻʣˣҲ޷С
֮⣬һʿģͷƮ
֮Уûһʬ壬ֻ߲ʬ
ͬھˡԯȱĿ³һԼʮ죬૵
ԯ˿׵ϧʬػ꣬λ׻ʬ巢սͬھ̾õĴܻʵۣ
ʵ࣬ʮ꣬ɱһλʢʳĻʵۣ˵ķɣһ̫ڵ̾Ϣ
ˣˣˣ
ľ֮Уֻһ֮Ծɢȵ࣬飬ĥֻʣ
Ҳ߳һߣãǿɾηҶЦ
ļʥɫЦһ̧ͷǿھ֮ףȻ֮ףôһڣ϶֮ˣ֮ͨ·ڿԴˡ


630 ĺ
Ĺǰһڹ餣ͬǣڹ餳ֵǾԹ֮࣬ںɫڵأһ̳̳һڹ餡
ɫҲľǽľĸ룬ɽ߸ǰ
˵ױȵľ֮ɢǿϢľ֮ͽľǿܱĹ겻࣬ͬ档
˷̳ȥ
Ҷ񿴵̳֮ϴһȺܣңͬϳȺΰһ㡣
Ⱥ֮䣬ǿڹȥ
ܹһλϹʥʵĿʵܸɵ׻ʣĨɱʥɼϹʥʵֶΣһӾˣ
䣡
ļ׶ͻȻţ֣ͬӿǿڹ餾ȥͬʱһԶŴգڳЦ̽һֻ֣ץ
ԯҵһʮ죬߳һݴȻ϶ΪһһɽħҲԳ֣
ͷ̤̫ͼ½ӱǾȺĹ餡
ڣĥͬһḥ̂¡תͬҲͼȡǿڹ餡
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ֽ̳ĹϿս棬һ£ɢһɹɻļ¶
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֮ĹǳǺ˵ڲռ䣬̸ֵļӹ̣´˵Ϊգɽˮ׵ȵԪرˣ
Ҷ񿴵ͷƤ飬̶ֳȵĽ棬ûıױᱻ顣
ӣλʥ֮ף֮²ֳʤǻĴתת̵ܷʲôôҶЦ
գգ۾ıֻʣʲô
Ȼ뿪̳Ҷ·ȥЦ񲻾һĹ餣ײ˽飬˵ӵ׻۷ķɼĹӦҲ˲ױǽҲȥԶĹ餣Ӧòѷɫ
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ȣʲôļʥͬлһЦƺͳһµĴۣ߸ϵĻߣҰĲ׻綼޷Ұġ
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ϸϸƬ̣֮ǴܣΪûǰĻʳǿֻͳʮ꣬ϸϸѾʮˡ
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Ҷ̧ͷʥǿ֮ף૵ͷ粻ڣƫƫʱ򿪿ڣʵĺ֣ǿ֮Сڽ֣֣֮ãô̸ˣһͳ¡ˣֻǷȱǸˡ


631 ͨ·
µĺ֣Ϊ˺˱ļʥЩʥĸ֣϶֮С
νġʲôҶҲԿ϶ǣνġһýľգֱͨ磬µѪµ׻磡
ֻҪЩʥǴ֮ףὫνġͷţ˵мλ׻ʴʱ׻еʥأеĻʳ˵һ֣֮˶ѹ޷̧ͷѹùӲдѹֻܷسƳ
һǰδеĴѣ
ʡʣǰǰѾʮ֮ãʮ֮ԼѪɽǺֶΣƿֲ
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ҶҡͷЦǣǻôǰ˵ҲҪ֮Ĺ֮ĹıЩʥһΪҶĳ㽫ʬΪСЩʥô˵Ҳֻ֪֪Ǹͺһҡͷ˵
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ҶοοղҵĲ²⣬δرһ档˵ʮǰãڶʮǰº֣˭֪ôʱ䣬᲻ᷢʲôʡ
˿ֻߵִŵȥףҡͷĵҶʦʲôã̫̰ˣ˼ҵĹײİ嶼Ź˵Ǹ˼ҵĺˣײİ嶼ŹĲƸ϶ҲԴԴϰᵽ
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Ҷ񿴵ļʥԯ˷׷ѪɼɶݺײڻıϣȻ⵽ش
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Ѫܹ֮˵ʺΪһӹתۼΪŵ
ʿԪ񣬳ɾʹףڵѪҺб̲Ѫ֮ڱӵѪ֮
ΪԽߣѪ֮Խǿһλ񾳴׵ãһλ׻ʵãڵѪ֮༫󣬲ͬն
ҲЩ׻׳ԭΪ׻ҵڣӵѪϱһ
һڵѪ֮ὥ˥
ҶѾླ۷壬жŮñӵѪ׻ʣµÿ϶ླʱĶŮѪǿ
Ѫ֮԰̳СҶ԰˵Ļʳ󱲵Ѫ֮˰ᣬ鲢ǿ̸Ŀʵʩ˰ûлɡ
ҶʥѪڣǰѪòʥõӵʥʵѪӶΪʡ
ЩħȻǺö
ҶΪϲջԼķԼʣµʥѪ
ʥѪû뷨ҲʥѪԼѪ֮
ڵѪ֮ԼѪԼһΪΪˣѪ֮ŨǿµòŻӵԼѪΪӵһλΪ
лү֮־ϲæСһ׳Ҷл
ʥѪúôȮ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶ
ҶɫһڣʥѪøǺȣһ֪ʥѪеѪ֮ԼΪʣƹȻֻųԺȣʵһࡣ
ɲԡǵΧ۰Ͱ͵ĿЦүʥѪû
ģʥѪȻûУɱͷħǶлʥѪҶЦջԼ
꽨ľ֮ϣѪӣӦöʥѪеħһɫѪӣӦöǿ֮ѪЩǿ߶ǷսʱˣѪҺħͷɼҲûľп׻й֮޲ʥʡ棬۾
ȻòʥѪЩʥѪɲԵѪ֮Ϊ磬ȴϵ鵤ҩ
ҶѾЩʥѪħͳͳ
ľ֮ϣѪľĶˣ׷׻ħһɫۻϢһ칬ͬղͷħһǿħͷ
ɫۻʱׯϣĿĮɭȻҶ񣬿ߵ棬½ĵ͵飬Ȼɱ޵Ϊ̳ޣ޿Կˡ
ͷħݹЦ¶̰֮ɫǿߵѪҺħͷû壬ֻһѪҺѣռһǿߵǵʵͻͽ
ǿߵѪҺѣȻԳΪޣҶЦЩħȥ
һ̤طӿ֣ҶɣֻԼԪط࣬ΧݣݣܹУΰ
һ̣ҶоԼ죬ǵأףһؾֵĴǲǻȻ
طãͨ죬أططʹͳͳΪãΪڵԴȪ
ط࣬أΰ
ǿ
Ҷ־ϲ̲סХһХ糱ǰնʱܲס飡
Хǰմ򴩣γһڵɫۻ߼ħͳͳ飡
⼸ħôӵĴʵҶǰֱǸոѧӤһһ
ҶΪսľ֮ǰǿʮطҲȴǰǿʮҶķȫ˻ʣв磬ҲȥԶ
࣬ȷǿԽǿޱԽˣԽģ
ͷɫۻħ۾Ź⣬ЦӽľħΧ׷ɷ裬ͬ٣̽һץ㽫ľӵ°γԽľΪҶͷ£
ԽǿռԽǿޱͻͽΪ׻ʣΪʥʣ
ͷħ֮Ѫʵǿϣ˻ʣľ£ҶоʱԴأأһԼѹ
½ı΢飬ʶ׷죡
ԽľΪһ£㸲ľͬһͨ棬˵ǵأǵأ˵죬ر죬ӵи컻ءŤתǬܣ


636 ̸ɱ
׷Ҷǰ׷ΪֻͬЩӵдɾ͵ʥףܿ׷ױ׷ںϣһмص׷
һ£Ҷо·ĲһľһؼĪĵ׷ؼĴ׷֮У׷·⵽شѹһ޿ɿ֮УƱһͷ
ͬʱɫۻħ׷׷գ飬ҶȥʩչѪ̲ص׷ʥ׷
ֶΣֻɥʧ˶־ִС
ͳͳȥ
Ҷ񿪿ڴ𣬺¡һǧգһӶ԰ƵѺۣȴձһѣ
Ҷһ𣬽׷ͳͳ飬ЩħҲͳͳ飬һѪӡ
Ѫ䶯ֻһͷͷħݹЦҶ
ʥ֮ѪֻҪѪеħڣǱ˴飬Ҳױָ̬ʵ˿˥
ѪҺлħͷȻûûӦľ磬ѪҺ֮ȴּ䣬ּӵһֵֵսɣͨĳЩ׷
ʿףѪӻӴ󣬳ԳΪ޷ƵħΪ׻磬ƣ
ͬʱľͻȻҶͷ׷ϽľаܣһɫۻܽҶûɢ
벻գ
Ҷݣչľץȥ
䣡
룬ͬͷħĴǽµĴӶʱٴγǧףص׵ҽɷӿһҽ
ħ˽ֵನͳͳ飬һѪӣѪ䶯һͷͷħͼ
Ҷ΢˫ֱãȶӡЩѪͳͳӡĵ֮УͻȻһЩħͳͳֻ¾ʥѪ
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Ҷ׹˸ƿӡһλƳգһ̱ɫۻħߣ̫ӡһ£Ц׷׷ǰǰŪ
ͣ
Ҷһ㽫ͷɫۻħն漴ſڰлӡһ̫ͼȻ¡
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ӡ䣬תͬḥ̂һ㽫ɫۻʽ飡
ɫۻȻ飬һɫѪӣδѪȣȻҶһ˻һž޴ףЦĪӡ㾹Ȼӡ̫ˣֻҪռһԸһħ󷨣
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ѪأѸСҶС
ֻ৵һѪ͸δҶΣҶ·뵽֮Уڡ
ӡãգ򷨲֣򱦲ˡ
ҶΪӡչʵ֮䣬֮УΪٽһӡһչԴԽգ˲ϢԾǧ磬ص֮䣬Ҳ޷κֺᱻбƳ
һ𣬽Ѫӡ֮С
˻ʣսʤޣ
УѪٴλѪӣ漴۳ͣ仯ΪɫۻʣŭСӣ֮Ѫɣ˵õѪɣɱޣҲѪи
˵ѪѪҲҪˣӡ
Ҷ΢һӡڽɫۻϣĻʶ֧飡
ɫۻʻһɢٴλһɫѪӣӿȡѪ֮Уһָ߹ʥϢɢѪ̲ħԡ
˵˻ʵķû˻;磬ӵ׻ʵķûо綼ֻ·һ
֮Уһ𣬲ϷѪӣҶӡɫۻʵĻʶӡѪ֮еħԣӡõó뻯
֮ѪͬСɣѪ֮еħԣӡҲ޷ɾ
ֻҪħԲۻħǰǰǿ
ɫѪԽԽСҶһŽѪŽѪеħԻǼΪǿӡҲ޷Щħԡ
ŽѪսڴˣδӽᱻħռһͷֻ֪ɱ¾ħͷ
ǽѪ˵ڣֻ˲Ϣʱ˱ᱻͬΪһɫۻħ
ҶоħԲĻԼ֮Ѫ壬¶ԿħԣᱻͬΪħ
ʵѾǿ˻ʣǿ߶޷֮ѪеħԣǽѪŰ֪µʿףɶ𺦣
Ǭѹ
ҶǬŽѪѹڶУǬѪҺ֮еħԣЧ΢
ŽѪеħԣεǿߵħԣʵֻܳ˿һ˿һĳħԣħܴݿ㽫֮ѪԭɴѪ֮
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Ҷ񲻽ü˴֮ͨ·Щħû½ңеĺҲûѪѾǿصѪ֮ǿ޷
ĺɱ෵ѪҲʹ˵ռ˵öԷɵĴˣ
ڴ̻ʳͳεʱڣ޳ɵ۾ľ磬ѪֻױȾ˻ʥ˻ʥͬԼĺ
ңһ֪ľǵĺǽֻǵһѪ
Ҷ뵽˸ս૵ǺߣǾֲ̫ˣЩļλʥ֮У϶Ѿͬ
Ҷ񲻽ִ˸սʥǱͬһˣɵãôҪ´ˡµĺ֣ǴԼз죬ͳһ׻֮󣬽磬һ۵ı
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ټѪеĵȱļ䣬۾׷¼ûܹ赲
Ըµĺֻ֣ãľѪԸֻҵĲ²⡭
Ҷ³һ̽ץ꽨ľƬոսľƬץУͻȻһɺ嫵ܴӡգѹžž죬ѹòС
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Ҷ̧ͷֻ֮УһʮĲ¥¶һǣԼ£
ƵİƷ̸󣡡


637 
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ƵĹ۷˻ʣƿ̸ƷĽͬʥ
Ҷʱ֪ǺԼֻ֣дƵ۹Ļʵ̸ۣܶУ¡Ķӣ̫ϲҲɥҶ֣֮޲죬¡֪ҶƾڣֲŹ֣
̸ܺ嫣ǴƵĿʵۣ̫Ľ˴Ƶ۹ʱеľӢ
һ¥£ŴƵĹˣһ֮ѹҶ
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ѹգأѹҶΪͷѹסױû˿ķִֻ֮УԼ
ʥҲκβң
ҶſȻֱ̧ͦͷֱѹȡ¥ֻ¥תԽԽߣԽԽͬߴɣ̸ӭȥ
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Ǵ˴νֲĳݻɸ߿գմɻ磬Ʒ飬ֻ֮ʣһ¥һ£
ҶƺһӿϺѪڵס̸ƣղٱӡ̧ͷ̸ȥȴ̸Ѿ׵Ĵ͸գƬ֮ء
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ڶʮ۶ɣ
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һνӡͬʱʩչֻڴǧ֮Уȥ١
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ֳɾͣȻ˵ǰ޹˺ߣҲʷеΣ
֪ʷϻв˵ΪԶҪѸ࣬˵Ԫʼ˵ۣЩ۶ٶȣǻ࡭
ҶƸԭ̼ɽͼٴѰľƬ䡣
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ˣľ֮ͨ·һЩӿ޵ϹҲ˳ĴὨľƬ֣ǧ
һЩħһΧʥأѪ죬ֵֻܼڵʥѾУʥ֮ǿĸֽӲ˻ʣ֧ЩħΧʥǳ顣
𣬶ޣĴħҡ
ħ෱࣬쳣ǿһͷ𾳵Ĵףɻ֮׻УҲǶ׻ʿܿ⣬Ҷ񻹿ļʥأͷ쳣ǿħݻ٣ΪԳΪʥ
ҶѿԴ˲Ϊ⣬²һʥʡۣҲһ졣
ֻҪǵͷϣ㲻ᣬǵӣҲҪֱˡ
ʮѰѾѹεľƬǿ۶Ϊޱۻ룬ֻһط࣬Խ𾳡
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еʥؽľƬֲԽأҶ޷ӽ
ٶȣɹ⣬ҲҪ˶ʱ䣬۳һط࣡
ҶѰ̴Ӻⷵޣ˿´ңӦڵڻȪħ򣬿ħңҲĽƾ˹ػزסʮɽ


638 
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ûԼĽ޷ʥ棬֮Ե߸ΪʵĲࡣ
һλֳֽʥܹɱͬΪ۷˻ʡ
̲صʵڿֲʥƿؽҶΪǣҲӵпʵ
ûгɾ׻֮ǰûܹƾһ֮Կֻн⡣
Ҷ߿齨ľƬ¥ҲѾɳʮ㣬¥ܣȽ˿ѷȱеԣһĽ
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ҪҪҶ۷˻ʵľ磬ܴڳ쾭¥֮У¥ƳɰƷĽ
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ڶ;
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ҪĴͼͼߣ֮ͼãֻ˻֮ģ뵽УƷס
Ҷɱ˼λǹ˻ʣ϶ǹıǵӦڵĸˣ棬ֱӳֶԸҶ
飬ֻҷ¡
ױ֮УĻк䷹ʽױҪصĽ߶Ҷδϰֻܷӳ䷹һܡ
⣬ΦҲڽƬϧǣΦֻһҴ󴬵һСС޷ӳ̫ܣҲãѰҲ֪Ĵ󴬣ܷӳá
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ʥ⣬ƾȻɣ¼顣
ðѲеĽĥƣӦĽܽ׷ӳ
ҶһʺϼĽֻк¹־Ž飬á
ĥеĽףɸĿʦϹŵ׻ʴ֮УһĽ൱׻ʵȫһ
ҪĥֱأýܳĨ
Ҷ౦У֮Ѿӣֻ˻֮ó
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ҶһͻȻӦһɹŨҵľ֮·ȥֻ·Ĵ½ɽػɽ𣬴ظɺԣûκ뽨ľֲȻͬ΢΢ü
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ȴޱֻСЩ֣ҲΪ޲ԶҶӦľ֮ȴ޵ĸء
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ҶԴӸ߿ս䣬ȴ½֮Уֻľɢľ֮ŨܵĲľ糣κ״
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ҶӹΧռһ飬棬ʱƬ½ܣһЩΪϸ΢ϸСƣͬһſ̫ӿĻˡ
ЩڿУϸϸ鿴޷ֻҪԼӴЩƣᱻλĸֲ
ǿƽȻᱻλֲǽľѣӴˮһգ
Ҷ΢ӡԽգ
չӡԽԽ뵽֮Уڸ֮䣬ƴڻûдֺ
ӡõԽ࣬ҶԽоӡǿͱ̬ӡչӽƣκνƶᱻǾʮŵմֿĥ׻ʵĽƣԱܿ
˵Ҷӡһ˱Դ꣬ЩʥͬСԶԴʵ۵Ļ֮Уѹβ
Ҷ׾ٱ㴩ƣû¶ΣֻԶһɽ֮ϣޱߵľ֮ӿ£ɽ
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꽨ľƬȷҶϣǰõκһ궼Ҫ࣬еĽľҲΪӴ
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Ҷֻͫһ˻վɽ֮ܵУɾŹ󣬹оλ˻֮࣡
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Ҷɵһ˻ʣӵ˻ʵķȴû˻ʵ˻ڵĸֵĽ
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ԭǶҵǿߣЩȡһ꽨ľشһɣɣ


639 ľ
ҶŶʼңԭһɣǶʼҵɣ丸ߣɽɣѾɿ丸Ϣ֮أҵʧ
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λʼ˻ϥڽľҶ֮ϣŴ˻ʷϴһӡÿһӡ£ͬһգ뽨ľ֮С
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λ˻ʣŴ˻ʷһľϹͼѵǴ㽫꽨ľƳɰƷĽô
ͻȻҶ΢΢һע⵽ľ֮еľ֮Ũһ֣дǲ졣
꽨ľƬȻԼɳô£
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Ž״ɽ֮УӡһŽ״
Ҷо˸æȡɽͼϸϸȵĵȻľķλһŽ״һɽ֮Уǰʥɽ
ˣλʼҵ˻Ѱһ꽨ľƬȻ󽫽ľƬʥɽ֮ϣýľƬȡʥɽ֮еľŽ״ԾŴ˻ʷһ߰ľһľľɽ
Ҷ뷨Ϊ̲ľýľŽ״ԽԽǿƳɱ֮϶Ҳǿ
˵ľ˴ϣϽľǿߣǽľƬκ˻֮Ϊѵá
꽨ľһľŽ״ԼŴ˻ʷľ꽨ľܣֱƷĲΣ
ľľɳȷһ⡣
ҶȻĶǰսľԼΪ֪Щ˷ѣιľѼҪþŽ״ҪϺԼΪľЩϸϸЩòʧ
ľȷʵһΪ;ĽľȴҪʤһ
ҶͲȴͷӿ󻯣ĵ꽨ľˣҲϧǶʼҵλ˻ʣܽľɰƷĽҵ
ʼλ˻ϥڽľҶ֮ϣֻľ·ʥɽСÿСףȴǽľڲϵĳȡɽеĴʹˮʥɽ
ͻȻһ֣̫߳񹬣ɾ׻׾١ҵͷΪΪƷõȻԼѹȺۣɨΪ׻ʣָտɴ
мλǶҵļжԽԵҶһķڰԵҪĶͣȡԵк͹ʢͻͽɣԵɢľ֮ᴿ̫ʥڣҶʼҵĸ֣Ʊػڶʮ
죬ۻҶʼҵ棬丸Ҳû٣߷ɣ̫񹬵Ķ죬ʥΪ׺¹ҲǴ¹ˮ¹֮壬Ļף֮ͣЭɾ׻ʡϧȴҶٱǸСˣ
ҶٱСˣ񼫣ǱϷסȻҪܣһ飡
ʺɫЦСⲻ˶ãѾ棬г֮Ϊ϶ͻͽ۵׵УټѰ꽨ľΪ֮죬µܼ֮
һ߶˷ЦľȷɣľҪʤ֪һټҵȫȫ⣬һŽ״뽨ľ֮У˷ҵһΪ꽨ľɰƷĽǵõ˱͹ʢϰƷ֮֮䣬һĸֶĶ֣
Խõ˱ܹ˻ǿ϶ˣܽ˱ӣʥҲܶԿһ˵һҶҶٱңֻҲ޷κ
Ҷ꽨ľڱصãȫȳȫҰɣ
ϸϸǰλ˻ʣжԽʥΪȴ죬ѷɫԶӦ˹ز¡
˹ֻһŽȪħ䣬Ž۷˻ʵľ硣
Խȴֽһ˻ʵ۷壬ӦҶ쵽ƽľľŴ˻ʷ֮У˻ʷǶԽĽǶʺĽ˷ֻһ
ԽʥΪ̰û޳۷˻ʣʵҲͬСɣһսױ£ҶҲδǴ˵Ķ֡
ټλ˻ʰæҶһֵʤҲûС
˿ҰԽ˲ӷóȻ͵Ϯ֮£Ҷ߰˳ɵİտԶ߽ľ
ӡʵӡӡգӰʥҲ޷ĥ͵Ϯһһ׷û׷Ტۣ
ľ˻ʵȫ֮£ԽԽСԽԽϸľ֦Ҷɴɢľ֮ŨӾˡ
ľ·ʥɽȴԽͰȴ˻ʣŴϽʥɽ֮еľŽ״뵽ľ֮С
Խ˴˴Ϊ˳ȫνѪȡһľŽ״ýľϧԼΪľɰƷĽ
һŽ״ǺεȾ޴Խ۷˻Ϊ׻ʣһ뽨ľ֮У֪Ʒ֮кεȵܣ
Ҷ񳹵ԼϢȴ
֪䣬ʱȥ˷ʺͷڣɫ԰ֽȻı˻ҲЩԲΪ
ԽɫǺ죬ȻҲЩܣܲ˴ġ
ưƷֻ۷˻ʲܰ쵽ǳ͵۷˻ʣʼʵδɾ׻ʣƶʮͭˣӦڵɷأΪǵĲ龪ˣΪﵽ۷˻Īĸ߶ȣɰƷĽ
ԽΪȻʼʵۺӦڵȵı̬ȥԶ˿Щ׽⡣
ܷƳɹڴ˿̣
ԽȻվ𣬱һ˻ʷͻȻͶ뵽ľ֮У뽨ľݣȻ㽫Լеõľ֮ڣ÷Ӵ;һľɰƷĽ
˴ҪʮָܻԪµҲ˲ôࡣ
䣡
ʥɽ̮ʧ漴һƬƬط׷ݣɹ֣һ¡ڵϵɽҲȻصףԲ֮еĵȻʧͳͳľȡ
꽨ľԽԽǿһɹɽϢʼӽľ֮ľȴڷСӸߴգۼֻʣʮɸߴ󣬶һڻС֮У
ľеڷŨѹֻʣɸߣӽľɢĽ¶ҶҲок嫵ܣս
ľȣˣҶҲͲסȻɱڡ


640 򱬶Խ
ľѾС˳̣߳ͬһľȣżƬҶ̰Ȼ
ľƯڰ֮УԲϴӴڳȡֻͬһɫľͭڣӿ֮У
ǽľɰƷĽҪ̲ľģǵ
ӿ뽨ľ֮Խ࣬ȵܱԽǿһɫ֮ӿͬϼϼ֮Уһϼ֮ӳһ
ԽʺͶ˷˵˻ʷľƿ˵ı壬Ҳ޷ڽľȸͣԶԶˣ
ࣣ
µַԲĽƣϢֱѹ飬̮ԽԽľɣûǧʱ䣬ĵòָ
ãľֹͣɵָƽ
ˣҺķ˳ɵΪڽƷˣԽϲ񣬷Ц
ԶԽ˵ΪʵԶһǰƷҲУľԶĲϣƷ߹нϵơˣŽ״ιľʵȻ㣬Ž״̲صԶǼһҪӴ֪ٱ
ҲδܽľƳɰƷĽʼҵĽ뽨ľ֮䣬ľϵټ϶ԽһٽԼ˻ʽͳͳ뽨ľ֮Уһٳɹ
أȱһɣǻƽľȣΪȶԽ˸Ҳܳɹ
õľȣעҪ޵Уʺ˷ˣҲϲ⣬Ц
ԽľȥĪƲ̽ľȣʱͻȻоޱǿҵΣӿͷæһһ˻ʷɲǼԼ֮У
ˣ
ڽͣ˲ߴɣͬһۻʣ
ʼҵĽ۳ңµ׷׻ʵľ磬Ϊ׻֮㿪̫񹬣¸ߵĴСԽΪʼҵļʥȻΪķ˰˳֮࣬Ƕ˻ʣ۷˻ʣ˿Լ˻ʷӿޱǿᣬڷӵ֮˻ȥ
δӰȴоһɱԼȫ̷Ӧʩչʼҵ׷¹ʹ
ࣣ
׷ڸոճ֣׷ױ飬ֻһֶֻȻڶԽͷȻϡ
ɾˣͷ­ʱը˻ʥҲ޷ֵ
ͬʱʺ˷Ҳ׷ջԼ˻ʷȻĿɨȥȴԽͷ­ѾֻȻֵĴ飬һλڶԽͷһƸ£ԽλʥҲʼըѣ
ҶִֻӶԽľһֱŵף˲Ϣ֮䣬㽫Խ״ݻ٣
Ҷʼҵʥ
ʺͶ˷־ŭæһһִճ𣬺ֻ֡
ľȣˣ
Ҷ񱳶Զʺ˷˵ĹӶ̽ľץȥʼλ˻ʵĹգۼıȴڴʱֻ촫ҶȻʮֱۣͬҲһִճ˵׷ײ
վҲһ£Ȼͬһ㣬飬ޱߵһ±ӿҶȻ˻ʣ˻˿ѷν֣һȻ޴棡
ҶƺһѪڣǿн˻ʵĹĴѾľȣͻȻֻ֮УһɹɽϢӿֻը÷飬ȺնǺݺ£
ҶʼƵİƷûܣ
Խٴδޱȣ˻ʥȻҶ飬ԪطҲ⵽Ĵˣڣܿ㸴ԭҶͼȡľȣ̽ȵܴ߷ȣҶȥ
ľȣҶԽҲûܹнߣ㵽˭
Խݣһɨ£ϼͬ쵹һҶѹȥ
ʼôãľԵ㲻ҪȽԸôҸɵȡȣֱӽ͸ңҲö
ҶЦ޸ˣԪȻüķɳ֨һ뽨ľ֮С
Ԫ
Ԫ谭뽨ľ֮У뽨ľݣԽʱֻľʧȥƣҪķѣв󾪣æ߶ֻ˵һ죬꽨ľȴӿ׹䣬ĵصס
ҶԪ뽨ľѰĸӦ߼ͬΪһ壬ԽýľƽֱΪҶ죬ΪҶƽһ㣬ǶԽλߣҲ޷Ԫ
ܣľдҰ˳ɶΪҵܱ˶ߣ
Խƴ߶ľȣҶԪ񣬲ҶԪľȣѾݣֱ˴ˣľȴ飬пҶԪ
ʩչȫƽľȣҶᣬͬʱƴٻʼҵһ
սپ
ҶԪ񱻶ԽķѹƣһʱƬ̼ƿؽľȵƿȨһӰӿʧ
Խ֪ŭһַҶȻ࣬˴ཻԽڽҶһʽ£ȴڴʱҶʮֻ£һӡڶԽϡ
أ
λ˻ʵٴըԪطͳͳըѣ֮أȴǰ
ԽȻΪҵļսΪʵߣƽľȣȴĵ˻ʷΪȥ˰˳ɶ࣬ټԭѾҶ͵Ϯ֮·飬µǿȴǰʵ֮һ
Ҷһ֮£㽫򱬣ǽңȻ
ȻһʱƬ̼᲻߽ľȣǱ㽫˳˳ȡýľȣҶĿɭȻĴѰԽĲ飬һնɱ
ʺͶ˷ͬʱ嫵ķӿ˲佫ҶûԽʵȻ𣬵Ƕ˵Ϊʵȴ˴룬Ƕʺ˻ʷΪ֮ҶҪ߳һأ
ҶתӲϢڣ̲סһѪʩչӡݼ֮Уʧ
ҳ
ʺſڴշ飬㽫ҶգȴҶټҶʩչӡһɲǣͬʹӡȥ֮ң
ʺͷȻһǿΣյĸоæһ˻֮סӣ¡
նʼҵĽɵ˻֮Σ֮˼㽫Ӽ𣬻ס
ۣ
촫ڴӵı棬ʱһ޴ӡ


641 Ʊ
ʺǶʼҵϹսḻͷһ˲䣬˻֮ס
ȻԯǿĽֻǼ˻֮еܺ嫣۹أڶ⼶˻֮
Ҷȫһֻڴһӡ漴޸ӡʧ
ӵҶһֻʺһݺһ𣬶ʱӴħ嵴ֱҶȥħ𵴣ҶƺһԪط༸ħѣ
ʺƵ˻֮Լܸʤˣһ죬һУҶЩܲס
ۣ
ʺ֮УͻȻɳһ˻ʷ뵽֮У߶ӣ漴һٴӣħͬɫŨҶ񹥷ȥܱȸղŸǿ
ͬʱ˷йԺ𣬻һһֱ̫ħصͬʱҶ񹥷ȥ
Ƕʼҵһ쾵ķƷдգ⣬նԪɱط࣡
벻գ
Ҷ񿪿ڱȣʮʩչӡʮӡӳ֣ǿӲ˻֮Ĺ
أһҾ죬ҾǵأҾ㲻ֳȻϡ
ӡ쾵Ĺܽʥ飬Ҷϣֻ΢΢ζն飬ҶȴȻң㲻
ڴʱʼԽڽ飬ָԪط࣬пѪܻɭȻҶҶٱôĵӣҲȥȻѰ·
ˣ
ʺһӶȻ۶£ҶУͬʱ˷Ժ쾵ӵӿ֮Ҷٱõúܣ˹ȻĺֶθĿǰĶ֣һΪһУ
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ӾҶһ˲ӱϱ԰ƵĴӡһָָֻֻƶֳȴҶ֮ͭУʮͬ籩꣬˲Ϣ㹥
һ죬˻֮ѺۣҪ飡
ʺѪҶһƵ֮죬νµһ̲ڵ˻ʷ飬ı壬˲Ϣ֮⵽ش

ʺȣһ˻ʷֳſһӿעڣ޸ӣͬʱһƷ£ͭȥ
˷Ҳҵ̴߶쾵֣ͬҶ
ڣҶȥֻӵıǧ½׻ǧ½ͳͳӡϣò˸пʱǣʿ׻֮ϣгư֮Զ־
ղһƣȴʼûܽ˱ƣɼӸӾˣ֮ȶʺƵķƷҪ֪ٱ
Ҷ̧ͷȥȴһƬ񷣬֮ϣֻޱߵĴ̫
Уһո߹ҲԿգϸȴеĲ״ͬڵͷ­գڵĿУ
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ʺͶ˷ͬ߷˻֮ʱħһӿħǴӴӶ˵ͷڿз̶ӱڷ죬ţʱ佫շ飬ڵĿռ䵴Ȼ޴棬飬ħԽһ˻׼ò
쾵Ҳͬһʱ䷢е̫ſһŨ֭ͬĹиǧиܼ
ҶڸоϢԼ֮һɲǼ䣬㱻ħû
Ӻ쾵ӡƬռ䣬ӡȫȻûô˻֮գʹӡҲ޷գ㿪Щ
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ʺ˺߶˻֮˷׹ݺݵλ˻ʵķ£·ӣֻܹԹԵı
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ȫʢʱڣУûн£Ҳ֧Ų˶ʱ䣬ᱻɻҡҶΪԶȫʢ֮ʱȻ޷쾵ӿ⣬ɣ
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䵽֮еĽľȡͻȻֻ֮дҶɷƵ·˿ûܵˡ
ΪֻǶʼҲױҶٱûô
ҶеǰûƵĹ¡սһ¡Ƶ̸֮޷κң
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ʺ˷д󾪣ȫ߶쾵ȴ޷ֵڴǿ
һ޼ʣȴûнǰѹĿֲܣҲ쾵ܿ⡣
ֻԽԽƺʲôſһڸߴʮľͽӣ
꣡
쾵ľϣȻһѺۣ漴Ѻۿʼ֡
ԽԽƴ߶˻֮߾ȫҶƱǰ׺ɱ
ͻȻ쾵ϵѺԽԽ࣬飬ͬһŲƵ֩Ӿ޴ѾߴķΧ
ֻ·ڲҶ񣬶½ţǵ˻ֱ֮飬ѹȵϣ̲סѪ
Խ״кȻСӣнȽıֻöǼܽɱ
ٳɣٻʼҵĽ
˴ΣƽľȣԤϵľڳɾͰƷʱȻἳȡɴس٣ûѡеĶҸƣѡðݡ
ҲûдϣϾ֮Уֻжһʥأûĸ۵ĵǶʼҡ
Խ˿ȴЩڣԼûЯǰҲǱ
ʼУһӵĴӿʼգɲǼͬˮӿɢޣ
գתԽԽǿԽԽ󣬶ʼҵӵܡϷ׷ױ̧ܾͷϿȥֻֻ֣ܿϿһ½ڴ½֮ϣڿڲ֮ϣ
䣡
ʺӣ˷쾵ͻȻͳͳ飬ķѣ쾵ֱӱɷۣ˿Ѫ˻֮ըನɣ
һʮ¥Ưڰ֮Уǽȴɢһֲ


642 ɱʥ
Ҷ̯ƣһУ¥תԽԽСģֻһߣ¡
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ҶĿۣԶȵǿڰյĴӿȥȻӰ쵽ɢ޵Ԫôмеʿ⵽ѹ޴ӶԪ
ֻǿߡףܶԿӵѹӵ֧ţ
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˴ǿٻѵʱҲϳ߶Ҳ
ʼҵʥٻɱңɱ㣡
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ղǿм¥Ӳӵһܣط⵽شã
طˣΪأҶǵһܵˣ֪ܣû˵ĸ˼»һƣаΪԪ

ʺͶ˷ĿŶԽҶһɱ鲻飬׻ɢɺ۾ȫȼգһ߶ӣֻ𶯣½٣ʧ
ȫ߶ӣܱȶԽ߶Ҫǿ֮࣬ѹգХҶѹ
һҽӲ£ȫʢ״̬ӵнľҲɣ
Ҷֻһۣ֪ԼӵĶ֣϶ᱻһ𱬣ͣľȣգӷӡĿռ䣬ӡͳӡչ㿪ӵĹ
ͷȥֻײԭλãƬգѹһ㣬漴һɹɻɴ˸ս
ñʱƵĽϧҵʵԽ֡


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Ҷ˺䷹ڼ̳֮ϣֻʽԶ֮Уü浹Ҳˣֲɻǣеĵã˭˱뾾ɳʥؿ±û·
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Ҷһ֣ЦʷȥŲ̤֮Уʱ𶯣ͬ޶ţģ죬쳹أ
ǽ֮еı磬ޱȼ̣޷飬ǸղǶ֣ҲûܴƬڵա
ڱڣҲˣ
Ҷ񿪿ڱȣǰ䣬ȵ죬ȥ
ͬʱ˷׷׳ϣΧʷֽϼ裬һϢڰ֮г嵴ֽƵӵȥ
УѾ쳣գ쳣նûн֣˻ʽᱻĨɱʥһɲ⵽ش
˹صֻ̣Ĺɢÿһƣɱһλ۷˻ʣ
ѱҶ¥֮У¥ؽΪʵ޷֧Ƭ̣ᱻ飡
ʷŭڣ߱ս˽ͬʱ׷ͬ籩ʩչ⣬ֻ̡𶯲ݣҶҲ޷һܱˣ
ǿᣬܱȡ
ɱ
һ׷ʹչʮ𣬽ͳͳУʱýȣ˸ˣҲǴѪ
֣֮
һƸ£һУӲ𶯣ǧ֦׷ױ飬귭ɣޱȣѪһƴӹɣز
ĥ
˹Ŀƴǰǿд߶ֻ̣ͬһĥʷУ飡
ʷٴۣһƣ˹شѪֹ߹ϣɶ
ˢû£ٴνʷ򱬣ĥһֽܡ
ʷۣſĿڱȣֲһѪĺˡ
ǰһ٣ȥ
٤Ѫ֣ЦͻȻױʷ䡣
أ
ʷһұԴڣ˫̽ץס٤˫㣬һ˺٤˺ѣ
𡪡
٤ͷȮҲɱۣХһ³һϸȮſɭɭڣһҧʷӣ֨֨븹ڣ
ͣ
ȮͻȻѿٴ۳εʷǣ漴һ̽Ȯץȥ
ĸɱȫң
Ȯ˫ĿѪ죬ȥ˿٤Ѿָ״æקסβͣ˻
ˣ
ҶȻʷıҸͻȻʮֱۣץסľȣŭ𣬻ľ䣬ʷ˿˷һչĩգӭϽľȣ
һȴ˸գҶζȻʧǰһȽ򱬣
˵˱ʣ
ʷŭ壬ҶæչӡգʩչӡߣֻʷңңһȥҶʱɫ԰ףѪֹ
죬ͳͳҪ
ʷ̤ǰһ׷Ҷߣָ£ٴγ֣޾ɹ⽫Ҷû
벻գ
Ҷʮʩչӡͬʱľȣһ¥֮ϣϼĻϢƺҪΪһ壬Ӳʷһ


651 ׻ʷ
Ҷ񽫽ľȺ¥һͻȻоľӴӿע¥֮У¥еϢɢȸղŻҪǿķ
һϸ룬ֻʷһ£Ƹͣæӡ߷ܡ
ɹ죬ΧҶ·ɣҶʮչ룬ԪطƬʱݣұ죬ұǵأ㲻ңٲ
ͬʱĽľȺ¥ɢԨĲҶʮӡڽʷһ£
ɹĽҶȻӡͬ磬գ졣
ɹͻȻһֻɽСȭͷһҶҶ΢΢ζһӡ飬ʱ˥
ֻȭͷͻȻſʮ磬ͬһҶ䣡
أ
һӡ׷ױʴֺ飬¥ͽľ𶯣صĸӦҶʱоѹǵѹ£ܽԼѹѹ
ֻδ£Ҷ㷢ظ죬Ҫ̲صֽ⣬ֱ˥ͬЩһȥ
˹غģֻͬһ޴ḥ̂Ҷʷ֮䣬һ
ʷвȥҵķ˵ʵѾǰ
Ҷͬһ㣬˵Լ˴γӣ¥ͽľȱǰδеܣʷ׻ʵһɵķӵ׻ǰΰ
ҪвƿҶ϶ҶѾ̬ޱȱ̬ĳ̶ȣʷŴα˴򱬣˺ܴһֽܣ
ʵԶղǰֲ
䣡
٤ʷһȭ򱬣Ԫط˼飬壬˲
ոƳսȮޣ޵ͬٲһ㣬٤һͷһϸȮĲ
ĸ׵ʷǧٿףƲսȥпܳ١
ͷϸȮǰ۷˻ʣԶžޣڣȻư˹ȻԶָ
ҲıѾܣ⵽شսȥΣա
УֻҶ˹غ˻ڲͣΧʷսѰļҡңҶԭΪԼôĸ֣ôı㲻ֵҲ̫ѱԽʷ¡
ʽǿֲսǳ󣬼ûĽܽǻǧٴΣ
̵ģ̫̬ˣ׻ʽȻôһ׻ʳָ֣οֲ
٤ϥ£ŬȶƣƿڴͻȻһתЦе׻Ѫ⣬ܹӿΪǺǡ
һҪռͷȮԣ˲ĸưܲ٤Դϣ
٤һЦβͬȮ𣬶һߣĵһͷҪˣ˻ʾ磬һָͷ㣡ͱ͡ᣬһҲǱĶ֣е׻Ѫ⣬ȻҪռͷ
˵ʮޣʮ֮¾˭ǵһʮδЫӣʼǰҵצ¡׻Ѫ⣬ȻռͷȮ
һħһŭһ𣬴֣һʱ伦ɹԱߵüͷ
սδֳʤһȻ֡
λһۣΪΣĵҶҶү£Щּһ
ڴʱеսڵ˰ȻҶ˹غ˸ռһʽΧ룬ռϷ硣
˹ü䶼Ѫգ׷Ѫ߸߼ֻ̣Ȫ֮£ӱע֮Уݡ
ֻ̽أʽһ飬ͬʱҶʷĹܹȫʩΪ
ȣ̬򷽣ͷ¸ϼڣϼΪһ壬ҲԼʵչ
ͷ֮У˻ʽ֣ͬλ̬ȵӣ߶һϼˢ䣬ʷˢȥ׻ʽеĽܡ
Ҷᣬʩչʮֻֽ᲻ӡץסľȣʷɱ
ʷѾ;ĩ·Ȼ׻һķڣеĽȴѾҶĥ˴룬ΰķȴûӦĽ֧ţҲûӴķ
֮ǽʵģ׻ӵ׻һķıȴ׻ʵҪǿᣬֻҪȫ߶Աޱߵܣ
ǽĿֲ֮ʷݣʷڴˣ˲ܣʷ޷߶飬Ҷ˵ʵǿʮҲܽ·硣
ǾȻܰѱʱȵֵز޸ƣٽͳͳ
ʷ˵⻰Ȼ˦Ҷ񣬱ܿܣȥٶȼ죬˲Ϣں档
˹غֲӳΧȦ׷ʱֻʷѾʮ
׷
˹غ̶ʷ׷ȥߣôϢĻᣡ޸˱ĥĽƱػָȫʢ״̬ʱҪǧѣǶᱻ
䣡
ԶͻȻҵĲ˹غæ̧ͷȥֻҶգʷǰ׻ʽս
¥ͽľȷ칦ӡվ޸һ֣£ʱʱѤɫʣƬȾòޱȣ
գҺҶСٶ˫ûбߣ룡˹˿˿Ѫ
ҶΪߣʵǿƾһˣ²ʷĶ֣ʱһƱ·磬Σգ
ٶ˿δҶʷ׷ȥֻХϣɹ׷Ƭг嵴ȥ
ҶʷսߣսսͣͣȻˣٶȻΪѸ٣˹غ׷ϵĳ֣Ʋ궯ѹסƵơ
ڣ׷ϵҶʷ֮ͻȻ׷ױɹ⣬ȻʧؼͻȻһ˿
Ҷʷվڰ֮Уңңԣ˶
˹һЩԤףҶСӣӡ
䣡
ʷͻȻը·Ģưڶϯʱɨ磬飬Ĵ֮ߣ
޾ɫͷͬһŭȣգƬл۳һƬƺ
ʵĽҶ񳹵ĥ׻һ̲صķ;û˿ƣ±й˹ķҲоѷɫԶԶ磡
ʷ̲صǵǧ֮࣡
ʷըҶվԭأþò
˹еĲ֮׸ǰͻȻֻҶ񶯵һ£૵һط࣬ˡ
˹־ϲͻȻŭǰһȭҶŵڵأȭһʹŭСӣ㻹ţŻӦһΪѾ̱ˡ


652 ̬
ҶղʷһսʤΪ
ʱӡӡӡӡӡӡӡȶӡӡӡʮӡַʹ׷ټ¥ͽľ챦Ҷ޷ʷ
սսδս֮УʷѹԴԴɹ⣬ڽһطɣԪʼʮۣͳͳɣ
طɣطҲ׳ɾͣҶΪӡǿ¥ͽľȵҲԴ߷ø࣬ڽʷڵĲдĥ𣬻ٵ׻ʵĽ
ղţ֮Ծȴϸϸطɵľ磬ǹ˹ء
ңϣ޳һط࣬ûֱ𾳣ͣط۷徳磬ֻ޽ӽ𾳶ѡ
ǣһʼûɾ
ΪûͻƣҶ뷨ط۷ֵ⡣
顭
þľͷ̧ͷգ¶֮ɫ૵
Уʷ飬һĽԽƷĽӲĥֻʣޱȾޱȴ׻ʷ
ɷޱߣ˻ʥվɷǰҲоԼС
ƬϿգγŨŨİƺһƬ磬֪ж
׻һ̲صΪǾ׻ᴿ֮ΪΪԭʼһȡ
ܽЩԼΪοֲ
ǽʷ֮ջ
˴ΪҶĳ£ۼλˣ׻ʷΪݣһݵ麮¹СҶЦ
ҶæԭӦܴ˴񣬲˴֮ͨ·򿪣´ңҺ¹þΪ
һ£ЦȻˣЦˡ
Լ¥ȡ֮һΪϲܽҺ¹˵Ϊһ̨ףҺ¹ʵ
˴ǧ࣬նɱʷıǳ׻ʷ֮ƿز飬׻ʷ֣֮ϲ
ϾΪأûĸʥؿݳ޵ѽе׻ʷ򱬣׻ʵķΪĳ̶ȣ
˹ؼȡһ׻ʷҶ۲ѣҶǲˣҲ޿κΡ
ҶЦʦʦܴأʦʣµķȡһ룬СֶһТ
˹شϲЦѸߣ»˼ˣڶӻҪ׻ʵķΪ˵գҲȡ֮һ
˿̲鱦Уֻ֮һɼΪ磬Щд׻൱ٶλ˻ʥΪʵڿֲ
Ҷ̧ͷͻȻһƬƺгʮݣȡһݽ˹أЦʦǱˣԼһСֶТʦġ
漴ȡݣһݣЦλﶼҶĳǰҲǵʦ壬ں¹УõλշǷһ壬ݱТλ
Ҷ񲻵ƴǣȡݣ٤ȮЦХˣӦõһݡ
٤ȮϲæԼǷ
գۼ䣬Ҷ㽫ʣµ֮һ׻ʷɳȥֻ֮࣬ʣĵ¥ǣЦˣʣµĵ׻ʷΪС
˹ؼգۼ㽫׻ʷɸɾԼһ˿̲סҶСӣԼأ˴ȻҲϾĽԼôһݶ
ʦҪ׻ʷãҵٶȲѷ׻ʷҶЦ
䣬һȡؽȣǣЦǣѾ֮㻹Լط࣬һ֮ӡ
ԣæԼĵ࣬Ҷ뿪ʱ䣬ǵΪȴҲѾڣҼֽﵽ硣
ĵฦһֻ֣¥һɹХڣӿĵ֮УȴǽԼ֮׻ʷֱΪΪ
Ҷִ󷽣׻ʷеָһɶȻҲģ֮䣬ǵΪֱӱط۷壬޳ط࣡
һۣ߳һ߶ǽԼط࣬Ƭ硣
ã˿
Ǹ⣬͵ǣԭӦΪϧҵ˻ʷ֮У߶ĻЩɬͣԼı
ͷԼķǱ൱⻯ָʹת硣񻹲ǽȽѷɫΪԽԽߣᷢӳԽԽǿܡ
Цǣ˻ʣԽɰƷ޳׻ʣĽˡ
־ϲæл
Цλ֮Ǻ¹Ĺ¹лңңŲԭģǲǽ軨׷ѡ˵Һ¹׬أ
͵͵ҶһۣĻϲ
һöѣôˣ
ҶЦס֫ЦҸŪţһ
ɫ糺죬ǰȣæ
ʧЦҡͷҶ氮ЦŪĲ飬ֻһʥ֮ˣޣѹ죬ܵУ
˹ءҲ׷ҡͷʧЦΪֻҶһЦⲻ֪ҶĲڿЦɽУжʮ߿ŲҸ߿գŲһףȡ
뿪Ƭ磬˲飬ҶĹǷ塣˿̻ȪħȻָɹۣٷϴˣֻйǷк䷹ѹ
Ҷ΢ʯʯΣЦλԶҶĳûüдλʷʵ񡣡
¥ֻһͷ¥߳үкηԸ
ȥȡһЩүҪ͡ҶԸ
Ӧǣ¥Ƭ̣ɲԺͽһȡϡ
Īң
ңݣֻһƬ칬ڣƮ죬һ޾֮Уʧ˵һңǧ꣡ҶЩССݴʵ̫ˣ
ϲҶĳ͹һ
Ҷ־ЦԸȥһ͸
ʹã
־ϲȴҲƴǣ磬ܹԪϵ鵤ҩʵȴҪ֪һ꣬һݳɾ׻ʵϣĸʥӳԼԪ
̵ı˹֣Сֹ

ҶͻȻЦ꣬Ҳʦһ꣬ףʦ١
˹ϲʤЦúϲ£죬ٱ⣬ʦʦȻˣѹͷȴʵ
٤ȮҲԷֵңϲνǱ


653 ר϶
κһλʿ˵ϵƷһܹǧ꣬ңǧĹԹʿ׻ӻ˻ʡʥ˵ֱջ
˻ʥľ磬ǰһ׻ʣһȴΪѣκ˶ȥ
Щ˻ʥľ磬ѾľԼʣֻʱǿԼΪǧ꣬пͻһ磬ɾ׻ʣ
ϧޱȣҶ˵ȴҲʲôص˲ι
˲ιپǧ꣬ҩЧԶԶҡ
ֻܷһΣڶηãҩЧʹΪ˥Ӳ˶Ԫ˲ιӦҲˡ
˲ιǧһ죬һپǧ꣬˿Է˲ιﵽĿģʿ˵ֻǵһηЧ
۵ڶɽʱ˵˲ιѾЧɼźܴ׵ԳɣȴԶ޷ع١
˿һ٣ҲԼĺ԰ֲһꡣҶȴ̳ʵţУһƬ԰ѾҶͳͳֲǨ㵽¥֮У
λϹ׻صĻ硣
Ҳ׻Ķ磬ĸ
֮УزҶĹʥأʥֻʽĵ
ڵǸ磬ȴǹɵķԴأԶʱɽͥۺĸǽٵشƿ⣬û䣬ԽԪԼãͳͳס
ۺĸú׻绹Ҫǿ౶ֱ
ΪǸӣֲܹһƬ԰ǽҡ
׻ĴңһħңһеãŻɽһͳ׻ģνǶ֮
ң̾˿˵Ѿ𣬱ħ̾ᣬʥءкޣҲʥݣħȻδҲ⣬ħ֮еڣҲݣѾЧҡ
Ҷһ֪֪ǵþ˭
ҡͷδ˼ĿҲû˼֡Ī⣬ǿ߸еʥ֮ϣ׻˵ֻ²ǸǴѡ˵˿ϣѲʹԿҲ˵Ѿ׻磬ǱŻҥ̫ˣ˵ûܹ˵塣
ҶһҲ֪ãһˣһŵ෵ľѪΪħ֮һʥҶȻ
ǵѾأ׼ټħеʥأһˣֹͬԿá
ǵӦʦ֣ǵ֮ǿĸ֣׻ֻһ֮ҰĲĽʥһγһˣҲ׻֮Ǳеȫɾ׻ʣͳһµҰģϧǵۿģֻӦʦ֣˿Ӧʦֲڣܹǵ۷ͥ񡣡
˹ɫأȻ̾
һӣ½׻һ޴ı
Ӣĺʱؽһֱ
顭
ҶˣòŽ´ų⣬˼޳ɲ飬޷𾳡Ԫط಻𣬻ǲ飬ʶò𣬲ܳɾҵ쾭ûгݳ𾳵ķ鵹ܼһʱ
Ǵ׵ʶȻţëķ׷ҲͬϷʤףֶ
һԪطֱ࣬ʶʶľ磬ܽ𾳣ʾ
ڲҪԣҶǰ޳֪ȴϡ
ʶɲ飬Ȼ޳𾳣ֻҪԪطԲ
𾳵Ĵ֮ôѲԭ
ֻҪʶ飬˻ʥҲֻаһ³
Ҷ֮ͬȴϵ𣬶ΪԪ֮У̲Ųܹʱ޸ˣٵ޸ָԭ״
ǣҶʵδ޳Ϊʶδĵز
ʶԭ㼫ΪǿླʱԪϹΪﵽط۷壬ʶ֮ǿԿ˻ʣ
˶Ҷ˵޳ɲ飬ôѡ
Ψһѵ쾭ĺķ
쾭Ľ෱࣬оתԪľСǶ澭Ԫʼ½֡ʮħʴ䡢ϸʴ۾־䡢Ȫħȵȡ
Щ֮Уֻ־䡢Ȫħϸʴ۾ĽתԪҲй𾳵ţĽûй𾳵֮
Щ쾭
Ҷϸϸ㣬С澭ԪʼԼ¥ڰ˲㿪ʱܻ֣Ľֻȱľʮħʴ䣡
ľŵķʮħʴĦ楴ڸңֻǰ߲㡣õŽǰһźͺħ򡭡
ҶĿɨȥֻȪħڰٷϴˣ˹طʾȥķרӡ˿ǵۼټʥأˣȻ뿪Ȫħڵʱ
ΪʥڵӣܲΪʥڵİΣǣܷŹκһΣأ
ҶͻȻƳʥ̳зɳԼ֮ϣ΢ЦӦʦֲڣұר϶һأְ֮ǲħ֮ӣҪɱˣ󻼣
վֻ٤ޡᡢλȮڳγ׻Ѫ⣬߹ȥᡢͣҸһ񡣡
ͱһæԸ
ȥɱˣͷҡ
Ҷ˶٣ĿֱˣУһ±ǣҲħ֮ӣħ֮ӣ
ͱλ˴һֱΪҶħ֮ӣ˶ҶĹûжģҶ˵⻰Щ֪롣
Ҷ񵭵ǶɻҪ׷ңȥ£ǲԸǴǰҵĹͣǾλ뿪Ҷĳ
ɫ粻ͻȻȻһ̾°ݵħȻɭ֮Ҳûж£ֻϣħǰһֱսսǵʲôʱŭɥ׷ʱȴڣȻ֪Ҷȴȫ࣬ҶͻƳΪ˻ʵϣԸ׷µĴ
ͷҲ°ݵԭ֪㷴㣬ôһ˵ҵȷģҲԸµĴһͳħ򣬳ɾҵ
°֮󣬵ɱڣֱڵȥ


654 ս֪
٤ĿͱȥٺЦͱɭĴħʵ£ⲻᱳѣҶϵܣôǻɱħ֮ӣ֮Ƕ˱ضߣ
ӻغħȥħʣ϶·һ
Ҷ̧ͷңڵɽ΢ЦͱǷħ֮׷ɱѾʮ꣬ɻޱΪ˻ʡͱȴҲֵܣһͬΪħʻǶ˵
䣡
ڵɽȻըһȭ飬һȭʹȫط಻۷ʵʩչֱӽɽڿռ飬ޣ
ͬʱ߸Уֳͷ˱Ŀſأգߡ
ڹǷϣҶ񲻽ͱ𲢲ǴˣʱƣȻ֪ߺô࣬ȥֻ·һɱ˺ȡҵΣǱȻʹɱ֡
Ƭ֮гһƻħͥΡΡסǬʹԼҵɱŭȵԭħ壬Ұģ
Ϊ٣Ҷȥ¹֮ǰ˱ѾĦħ۷壬ͬʱһֽŽ¥͵ķţ֪ǳ
ʱħͥ澭ո۷壬ȴѾŽڣħͥĵ߳ݣһǴأã֮С
ӣѵ㲻ħ壿
Цһ̽ץȥЦĵࣵһ飡
һȭȻʹɱ֣㽫һٻУ
٤վҶԣüħ֮ôôźˣ֮壬磬ν֮壬ֻӵ㱾죿СΪֻ˵ĻҲӲ±㱻
ȻΪǿᣬ»κβú򡣡
Ҷز¶ֽħͥľֻ֮һڸΪֶΡΪӦԶˡ
ֻᶯ֮ʱȪħͳͳ֪˷ɳΪֵ֣ҶµŴֵ⣬ɫɲ
ϡ̫ϳϷ׷ǷҶλס֣лú˵αԼҵĺ
֣Щϡ̫ϳͲֹҶ˴ν˻Ȫħ֮Σ˹棬ȻȪħˮִɢһŽ״ûȪħڻָʢͬʱ͸˹֮һ֮׻ʽħڵΪʵʵھӹΰ
УҶѳΪӦڵ˹زУ
Ҷ΢΢һЦλϺ̫ϳɽЦλʦʦ԰꣬ȿʦֶʵΡ
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Ļδ䣬ֻͬ꣬ɱУʹɱ֣ʼ¶ܣ޷óѣͷţŭ
죬᧿ΣʱܻᱻͻУʼоգ͵Ĺ
˼ȻҲ֮Ϊǵڣ֪ʵ۷Ϲ˻ֻһ֮ңΪʵ˼Ȼ֮ϣ˵ɱླֻһУȴþ޷κκ򣬲ܲȡ
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ҶĿֻ࣬Ӧڵ˹ħ˵ķأȡʥʦȻҲѷɫԶ֣ʦķҲˣõɭħʦ塣ҵ¥Уʮħ׻ħǴЩ׻УݳʮħĽȻ޳ʮħʴ䣡㽫⼸޳ɽϧʹϳɭħûƳɹʦܣն㶯ģҪҪϹ
ҶѴĦ極ĿУ֪ħʿħʴǲʮħĽ˲ӵд˵ȳɾͣȱʮħʴĺţ
ʮħʴ乹ʮڤʮħʵܹĦԭʼĽƱؿ쾭ٽһӷḻǿ
նš
Ҷԥ֮ɫΪѵɡʦ֣նû


658 
նҶʦܣθԽԽˡ
Ӧڵգգ۾ЦŮʣɫ㡭
ҶʵڴͲʲôֻôթͷӦ¡ӦڵʮħĿʦ¥ȡ漴ҶԼ¥֮С
ʦܣ̫ˡ
Ӧڵ̧ͷҶ¥ҡͷʧЦƮȻȥЦȻ֮ʮ¥ҿĴƭˣ
ʦ֣һһʮһı
ҶǺһЦֻȪħڵͻȻһģЩӿȥ
ҶЦ¥ͱ㡣
ʵӦڵóʮħĿʦҲ϶æӦڵȹ׻˽١
һֱӦڵܲҶȪħ̫ϳ£ȪħʽֻӦڵֻǰݼ飬ȷҶǷݣƿһɽָ׵У
ӦڵǻȪħڵʱҶ񣬲Ųһո׵ʿȻܶʱҶʲôõ˼
һжԶΪ
ɸӦڵһԷԿǵ۴֣ļң赲ļʥȪħڣһưԪʼڵʣƵ۶¡ģǷϵЩҶġ
ӦڵһУʲôҲóҶҲһ֮Կ׻˽٣
Ӧʦ֣ħʣ˲׻ʣÿһԶԶܲ²ⴧȡҶĵ
ħ֮ӦڵˣΪħʶ̫ӺڻȪħǱһʮ꣬ѾȪħھŽͳͳָƣħ˿ӦڵıǮԲŻˡ
Ӧڵ֮ԴӦνˣΪħʵϳʮħʦЩ׻п˽ħʵʮħʴİҲ˿ħʵıǮ
ˣ֮Ͽν֣ÿһ£ǳ޷Ԥϡ
ʮħʴ䣬Ǵʮħ׻ϲ
¥߲㣬Ҷ̧ͷֻʮħ׻ͬ䶯أ¥֮Уֻ´˿̻Ȫħ˶ᱻѹñһ֪˲
ʮħ׻ʵ֮У׻ְԾµƣͬʱħħʴһľղľ𾳴ף𾳵ϹħԪħһͷֻ֪ɱ¾ħͷ
һħ׻ʵϿգǵ̴棬γħֻʮڤа磬д졣
ħʮħĽͳͳڴˣ
ʮλħ׻ʣÿһλǿ׻֮пٮٮߣ
ǵƣԼǰĽ֣֮УݳӦĽΪķҪúܳʱܽҲ
ҶõطԼĵڶط࣬ʵϸʴ۾δŽݳȻΪϸʴ۾Ϊ߶ˣǵۼĽһҲ˵ƽԡ
ʮۣ
Ҷ΢һݸ߹ŵ۴֮߳ϥΣۿһħ׻ʵ磬˸ӳЩ磬漴ͫӳ磬ƬƬ߽⣬һֺͫת
ʴۣۺɣʮޣɶۣԶŷӣ񣬻Ȫˣͳͳҳʮħ
Ҷһһطü߳ϥ£ӿʮħ׻̲صĽ
طϸ˵ֻһǱطط֮УȴֽֽطǶص
˶ط࣬һʮħĽٶԶԶϸʴ۾οҶõʮħʴǰ߾Ѿ˺ʵĵӣٶȥҶԿ϶ڣԼȻʮĵڰ˾
ֻҪõʮŽ쾭˳ݶֻľ
ҵطڴݽԼҲš
Ҷ߳¥΢ľȳ𣬻һ궥صľΡΡڹǷϣµϼסɽʼ
Ҫ𾳣۲飬Լʶɲ״̬
üĿֻϸ֮һƬɫ֮󣬻Һ̬Ϊˮ֭ͬͭˮһ㡣
ֻҶһƬᲨŭκˣϯأ
ҶԴ쾭ŽžҲõǰδеĴǰδе׳
֮ǿѾԽͨ˻ʣﵽ˻ڵĸ߶ȣ
ɲ飬ʽȻ٣ֻһְ취Ǽա
Ҷ֮У־䡢Ȫħϸʴ۾ȵȽת˫ݻְЩصͲķš
գղҲ
ҶһһЩмصķţĵգҪ󣬺¹־ǽһ±УաȪħǽһȪӣ֮䡣ϸʴ۾Զͥΰ׳ҵĲ飬Ӧδ죿
ϸϸ˼ЩǲȡΪǿĽ̬첻飬Խ̬Ĳգ̬Ĳ飬ױ˴ƣ𾳵Ĵɥ
Ҷе𾳴ףááԴʦˣѡ񽫲ɸʥصĽ
ѡĽ̬Խǿ󣬲Խױݻ٣˴գҲ뽫ԼĲˡ򱬡
ҶõĽҲ뵽β顣
Ҷϸϸ˼Լ֪Ľһ챦̬ĵļҾỴֻ̂ͨľӣʮ飬ЩﶼΪǿ󣬿Щ̬۲顣
Ϊǿı壬Ԫʼ֤֮֮֮Уûļܹ֮ϣʥ֮Ҳɣ
ȷΪǿᣬƥұϾûۼ֤֮ҲûлĽС
Ҷ΢΢üȻǿᣬϾԼĶԪʼ֤֮Ա˵Ľ۲飬ΥԼıġ
ʿΥԼıģԼĵĲ
ǿᣬҲ
Ҷһֽ̬תԼƵױ
ױ֮УֻǬ¥Ǭɽ֮ߣܺ嫣¥ȣѷɫࡣ
Ҷϸһʮ磬·һ¥ʮ죬ϸǻʶľס֮¥״Ӧѵľ


659 
ɽ̬һҪԭǾǽ̬ĲܹɺΪ֧Ԫط಻
𾳴׵Ļǲ飬Ԫط౻֮ûӴ֧ţ޷޸Ԫطࡣ
ͨ۳ɵĲ飬޷ôӴ𾳴ױ˴һΣָٶͬʱҲ׵侳磬ָΪʵҲ
ֻн̬άִ׵Ԫط಻
̬Ĳ飬ǿҪ󼫸ߣɿȶĲϣô֮󣬶Ӵű
ĥԽǿɵԽ࣬˴Ԫط֮󣬻ָٶȲŻԽ죬пܻ˿ҲΪ磬֮ʵû˿ģ
ϸΪ¯ȼգ
ҶüĴ󿪣ϸռ·һھ޴ĺ¯ĴܵľŴһ˲㽫Ľɫյ÷ڣ
𡢴ǬǬһ̫ħȵ֮ȼգȡ¾
֮䣬ˮһ֮࣬ɫĺˮԽԽŨͬŨˮޱճ
ȻˮҶȴоԼ̫ĴøӼ̣Ӽͣױݻ١
ǰΣÿһӵ񾳻ڵʵ񾭹֮Իʮ򣬵ЯΪȴֹӵлڵʵ
Ҷɲͣ£̫ᴿ󲻶СӹǧĴ󺣣
ѾﵽԪڵΪ
Ҷͣ£ϢƬ̣Ȼ΢׳أ׽췣
ʱϸռһɫ׵䣬紸Ϻһ飬ûбᾧ״׵֮øȹ̼ͣ
ûãѾҺ̬̬γһſ貽ᾧͬһſűʯ
ϸռ䲻ϣϴſžӨ͸覣ʮᾧ֮࣡
磡
ϸռͻȻ󣬹񺿣ޱȣǺħľ磬紵ʿϸлħȾԪ񣬼Ϊ
Ҷõʮħʴǰ߲㣬б׷
ھĴ֮£ᾧħᾧҲħ£ȴħƣħƷٴ
ˮ
Ҷ΢ޱߴˮȻ֣ʴˢʣᾧ
ϸռУһ׷֣̲ɽˮ׾Ŵ࣬ϺĥᾧԽԽ٣ȴԽԽȶ
ҶþŴ׷һߣᾧֻʣ°ö漴ǬȻɳЩᾧͳͳ붦УǬеĴ½ѹЩ
вᾧ飬ᾧֻʣ²ö
Ӧòˡ
˿ʣµǧöᾧĻЩᾧӨ͸ͨκһö֮Уͬһ㣬ֻҶһдգ֮ߴУ޷죡
һſĽգղҲ
ǧöᾧڿзϣ죬һ¥ĳΡ
ĲѾͣҶᾧ̫٣ǧöֻǿ¥Ҳȹ̣Ҫ¥ü̡
¥̬Ĳ飬ֻܹά𣬶ÿ˴һָ֮ǿȶ˥е侳Σգ
ҶƣԼ¥̬Ĳ鳹ɣ𣬼㱻˴飬۳µҲȴǰѷɫ٣
Ųĸ߶ȣԪط಻𣬳ɾ𾳵۷壡
ղŴµԴԴɽˮ׾Ŵ׷Ǭĥ֮£¥שߣԽԽ̡
Ҷָȫʢ״̬Ĳ򲻵Ųĸ߶ȣҲȥԶ
ղҲǱ˴򻵣ΣգпܱѰɱ
Ҷ۾Ȼϸзɳݣʧ
ˣ
һ񣬽ľȶȻһɫϼ⣬ǰ￪ˢȥ
Ƭգˢķ飬Ҷƺһ鱻ľȵϼһˢˢᾧ·裬Ʒһܣ÷飡
鲻𣡡
Ҷ΢ֻᾧƬ£ϲһγһ¥۵¥ϲѺۣʣµӾӨſű
ȻǱľȸղһˢˢȥ˲Ҷ޷ʡ
ڽĹ֮£黹̫ˣһƣԳ𾳴ףҵĲҲס
ϸ򿪣µᾧϸзɳ벻ݣѺۣ޸顣
Ҷ񲻶ϼľȣһϼˢ䣬һδνԼĲˢɲᾧøϸСʵӼ̣еʶľˢ
Ҷһǰ֮ãԼĲ鱻ľˢΣϸб˿Ѿͳͳϸϸĥ֮ȫ벻֮С
ԭƲԼ۳ɰ˲߾ŲĲ飬˿еľȵĽƲֻһ¥̬
ҶܹоԼĲ飬̶̳ȣǰʮ
ľһƵܣѾĲ飬Ҫܽƣֻƣ𱬣ɼҶĲ̶ֳȣ
ˣҶ񻹸оĲɵδ˿չʮ֮࣬Լٴ֮࣬ÿζȫʢ״̬ʵ;磬˿ļ
񣬲ѳɣڿԽˣ
Ҷ𣬳ХһȻһХֻͷһɾգӿڹǷϿգγһתĺɫڣ
Ҷ䣬ͷ¥һɹͬХ¥ӿüģü֮Уһչ֦룬ϻ裬ɹ⾡֮У漴Ϊ޾Ϊ
˴ǿͻླ۷壬𾳣Ҫˣͨ޷ṩӴǰ˽ײڤҲһɲǼᱻҶɣãֻоŽ״ܹӦӴ
ɽеɹ⣬ǹɻʱµϢÿһɹ⣬̲˻ǰֲΪҶԪ֮Ȼ˻ʵΪҲࡣ
ֻɹṩ˿ֲҶͻƣһɹ⣬֮Ŀ࣡
һɹӿҶԪط֮УӿĲ飬Ӵע룬ҶֻԼΪ


660 ˻
Ȼɹһʧٵɹ̲֮صǺεȾ޴Ϊ֮󼸸㽫ҶʣµİΪҶĲǿǣӿɵ¥֮У
һ˲ۼ㽫¥ڲӴռ
ҶٴΣٴΣÿһζȫʢ״̬
ãǷȱģ𾳵Ľ޳㲻дٶҲûһһô
޳ɲ飬ֻ𾳵ĵһ֮Ҫ𾳵Ľ޳𣬿в飬ﵽΪ磬Ҳá
𾳣Բ֮һδʮħĽ쾭Բǿֻֻ𲻱Ҫı׶ˡ
ҶȡǬǬһ֮ѪԼĲ־࣬Ķǰ޷鷳ͳͳѹڶС
ҶʱʵΪΪԿ˻ʥĴڣԸصڻ¡
־֮ͬȴҪǿࡣص鼸Գ棬Ӵ̻ʳǸϹ죬ҲûŪ
Ҷо־İֶܹӦʿϣ˵ʿҲԳϣΪԶĴڣ
һ̽ѹڶеͷץ΢˲Ϣ֮麣Ƭ̱㽫ͷ־֮Բİգ΢΢ü
̽飬ֺͷʿŽȻͬ𣬹ͷ־ģǴԼӵִЩִĿΪӴƵķˡʿףЩȵִ˺塣
һҵ񣬶Լҿӵγɵִ˵۹Ĳ־
ЩִһǿΪ΢ڼƵĵ۹ǧ꣬ꡢʮһ𣬱㿰ƿֲĥ
ǲ־ܹԵɣ
Ҷ˽⵽һȴЩԼ˿ô
ʿ׵ִɣβ־ûܹɺγɵ
У־ķΪķͬķʿԷӳʮɣ־ȴֻܷӳ߰˳ɡ
㣬ʿ־һ־ĳϡ
ҿԴһķԼȡ˿ȵ
ҶͷͻȻһ뷨һķȡ˿ȵȻȻ˥ϣĻԪȴ־Ҳһϵĳ
²̿ʼķãҶŪķĴ¿ܣķ˵ȡԼԪԪᱻͬɲĴڣ
ķˣһãûԪ񣬾ܲʲôȤңۼҪҪ۹ߴ壬Լͳһ׻磬ҲҪܾۼ㹻ΪȰĴڡ꣬鷳һѣܴﵽ߰˳׻ʵˮ׼ûòʧ
Ҷ΢Ŵֲڵķ֣ȪħʯԺһʯ֮Уֶһһļ۸񣬱㲻ϡ
ûϵԼķȻеõһض׵ʥأȻķɾ׻ʣ
ǰ޷֮Ѫʵ֮ѪҲ£
ҶĿ̧һ񣬽ľһɫϼ⣬ˢǬУ֮Ѫɨ׾ٱ㽫֮Ѫеħͳͳɨδ˵֮Ѫԡ
֮ѪǬ貵Ľɫ꣬ǿ˻ʣ
Ѫֻ֮ȭͷСеħԵȻ޴棬ֻʣ´
һѪôǿ󣬿˻ʣֽǿ󵽺̶ֳȣ
Ҷһʧ֮ѪԼΪӻͻͽﵽһµĸ߶ȣ
֮ѪãҶȴϣ˿ûмȡѪͷ
֮Ѫ̲صѪͳʵǿᣬںѪԼѪȾλѪͳԼѪŮ˵һ̥
ŮȴֶŮԼӵѪв֪ʲô˻֡ħѪħҲпܷ
֮ѪȻû뷨ʵʣʽޣһĶ
Ҷ뵽鲼Ƿ壬ҵ٤ޡͱλ٤ޡᡢͣ˹
ħ뿪֮٤˴Ҳ뿪ȪħڣΨ뿪ᱻħʸɵħǿΪ٤ȻҲ˲ǿߣõĴħʣһη塣
Ҷλһָֻ֮ѪƯڰ֮УЦѪѪҺѪеһͷ˻ʼħѾɱˣ˿ѪеħԣҲøɸɾ֪ˣĸԸ֮Ѫ
֮Ѫλɴ飬־ϲ
ħ֮Ѫĸõοء
ȻȺö
𲻽ʧ׻֮ѪԴʣϹʱ׻ʵóԼƣιŮԼѪǵʣ׻ʵŮǷɾͼ󡣡
٤۾һǺЦ׻֮ѪѾ˵ãο׻ʲ֪棿ʥѪֻӵʶ׻ʵˣ
ĿǺЦѪ͸ţ
٤Ŀȭͷžž죬βȥЦ֮ѪȻ˭ȭͷ˭ģ
ЫӣѾ˻ʣҪ
Ȼŭãţ֪ʲôߵغ񣡡
Ҳɱڣʱ׼ʹɱ֣սһ
ʥѪֳݣˣ
ҶΣһָ֮ѪͻȻΪûλڣٽ֮Ѫ֮Ѫǵʣ̲ͬؿֲܣǵʵ
٤ֻ֮Ѫ壬һɿֲ֮ѪӿʼųԼѪǵÿѣѪעҵϥ£ȫ߶Ϊ֮Ѫ
֮Ѫ̲صܣԶʥ֮ѪǿвὫѪҺſաոɣֱӲ
ǵΪҲǿ˶ǶĴޣ˻ʾֻа벽֮ң٤Ѿɾ˻ʣ֮Ѫ˵ѡ
ܿ죬٤㽫֮ѪƱȴǰӻΪۺĳֱ֮࣬ʡȥĿޣ
ˣͬõǰ٤Ҫ޳׻ʿνǧѣ֮Ѫʶ׻ʵľЩϣ
ͱڿ֮ѪãͻȻ볤ХһϢȻڣȴǰ
ǵΪ٤Ҫ֮࣬ѪõĺôҲ٤࣬ڴ򿪾þòƵĵھֺΪ˻ʣ


661 ȮĴ컯
ǶˣҲɹΪ˻ˡͱһۣ־ϲǰȻѾֻ˻ʵľ磬ҪʮĿޣпܳΪ˻ʡ
˿֮ѪһٳƹؿΪ˻ʣܲ־ϲ
˻ʶڽ׼ɭħ˵һ޴ķˮ룬Ǵ˻ǵ
ѾΪħĴڣȻʵɱȲϸħĵڵλѾƽƽ
׷ħʣֻǴ˿̻𾳣ûлΪ˻ʣȷ׷
вͬͷҲ˻ʣµһλã㲻٤ͷЫӵ֮ˡȮƹϴλԵɺϲųΪһαֻܵףǲڽ£
˶һۣЦϴѡεһѾʱ䣬֮󣬱ǵڶζԾ˭ǵһ
Ƕˣ٤ǵǿߣֻȮƹླ޳ɵɵƹȻǵĶ֡
Ѿڻ뽫ƹڽµˣֵúǺЦͣ
ҶȻ֪ԼµĴɽ֮ҲԼС˼˿Ҳ־ı
ħʥأҲûмʥؿͬʱӵλ˻ʣֻħ̲ܳҶµ˻Ŀ
οҶֻǸոս𾳣δʼ𾳵ķѾӴ
ȫ˵Ҷ˿ӻȪħڶȥԼ齨һʥأԼʥɣȻȲħҲѷɫ
ʵȻʥǼ٤ˣԼ䷹顢ľȡ¥⼸ͰƷ˹ʥ⣬һָ£
Ҷûпɵ뷨ȪħڱϾԼ̫࣬Ż鷳²ϣϾ
٤ޣѾ֣ͱͣȴûгֵ˻ֳ֮˻ʵݡ
Ҷ¥ȡţЦʱ⣬бǿԽУȡһ˻֮
ͱϲ⣬Уĵô˵ȮƹҲǰˣǳʵֻܼβ
Ȯһܵȥˣ
Ҷѱȫɽûзƹټвƣɻ٤֣ûмХ죿
ƹһרӪʲôôٲķݶ˿̾Ȼûг֣ʵҶЩ⡣
٤ͻȻ򣬴飬еħʱƿףײȥˣ
Ҷһݣв׻ʵѪ⣬ͬҲ࣬ڸʥ֮ǰã
Ѿط಻ľ磬ȻȻϢɼ̲صܣ
֪꣬ƴܻʳĻʵۣλ׻ʣ̲ޱȿֲȮδԶžܿ⣡
٤һԴ֣֮ѴԼͬѿһ㣬ħ뿪֮˴ʱ˿𣬼æףԴ̽ײУѰȮ
Ҷ΢ľȺһ֮УѹһС
ڲĿռ伫ͬһС磬Ҷ֮У٤Ҳæס
ף
Ҷһֻ֮ڵ׻ϢѾ˲֪ٱȻ֪׻Ѫ⣬ͳͳ
Ȯ׻ʵѪ⣬׻Ѫ̲صܼǿ˵ֵܡ
Ҷ뵽˿ȮһԶžޣԶžħʽΪͬпԶžߵȮһ壬θڼ£ǴӹʱµľޣԼʵ
Ȯλ׻ʵѪ⣬ȻЩѪⱻɢ̲صҲͬСɣΪһӱ㱻顣
Ҷ٤ȥֻԭޱŨ׻Ϣ۳ϼ˿ЩϼȻҲȮһɨա
ȡ֮ģһɹɻɬԶĳϢֻƾйٸ֪ЩϢ˾֮ͬУǱһͷӴޱȵľޣбֱ˶ʳ
٤ɫ΢䣬Ϣƹ¿ȱؾԶžˡ
ϢȷػؾͷԶžһǿ󣬵Ҷ٤ԭͷԶžޣ٤ȫһδƿķѪ
ʱ٤ΪѾ𾳵۷壬ǿޱȣɼԶž޵ʵ
ȮԵ׻ʵѪ⣬ɢϢȻͷ٤𲻽ɫղѡ
ʵԴﵽ˻ʵĸ߶ȣһ˻ʣ֮ǿͨ˻֮ϡ
ҶĿȥͻȻֻ˵æѭȥֻȮһߣһֹˡˡԵúñˡ
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ֻҪҶȥֻ쾭ƳһЩ߸ϵĴҲе循֣
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־ŭ̧ͷȥֻҶסգĿЦЦͬԼеϡ
ĶһŭȻһӡҶȶӡȥͼӡ
ҶٱΪʥһֻ־ңѾ޳Ԫ𣬶Ҽ̳ʼʥʵĴУ˭Ҳκң
ͻȻ֧Ƭصɫм̮ʱĶѹסĶĻûȫ˵ֱ꣬ӱҶ󱬣
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һֱԼǸ֣˻ʣҶλ˻ʼİǰȴʲôҲǣֱӱ飬ʲôʲôģʲôʼʥѪͳͳУ
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춸ȻޱһɹɽʱַԲǧ·һޱӴ¯ȽȽ𣬽գͳͳӡ٤ᱦ˻ʼǿߣͳͳȮƹҲڰ֮У޷
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ʸԹЦ緢־ЦνţᲢֻۣһ˲䣬㣡
Ҫ߶̫¯ͻȻֻ̫¯ܷˮ̫̫֮Уʮ̫꣬ޣ˻ʥҲһɻң
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Ҷٱ㻹ҷңҳϣһɱĶʵȷǳҵԤϣ˿Ҽ̫񹬵Ľֻ·һαطңǹԹԵΪһЩ尾
ʸĿ߶̫¯ܣЦΪﵽ۷˻ʣӵн֣Ҳ㣡
ͷ糱羪κˣһһӿ̫¯֮У¯ܴ߶
ʸԴ˿ȫʩΪ߶Ǻεǿֻ̫¯֮еԽԽ󣬻ԽԽǿ¯𣬱˻֮ɻң
̫¯ܣԽԽǿԼ¯֮УҲһʱƬ̼仯ҽҶһ֮϶޷֧ţ̱
ȫ߶¯еҶɲӷļȡ̫¯ܣ¯ɣöʸԵΪ¯ܲˮ
Сӣʲô
ʸĿطමȻ֣һڣ˫һգһ۵ۻʣ˫һΪס
ʻƣͷһ˻ʽſһ£裬ͻȻ˫һգ׷վ̫¯¯ߣſ³һע¯У߶̫
ƴ֮£̫¯ܣѾӳһ֮࣬¯λ̫׻µĽֻ¯չһ𣬷һС
ܣԽʥİ֪ٴΣ
˿̣ʸȫ߶¯ԸҶ̫¯ʱ٤ظ׷׵ж硣
Хڷ׷ץȥһͷһץѱԿǣԿƿſ³һˣʱ㽫λħ˻յøɸɾ
٤ȮҲͬһ˲գͷ˺ûѪ죡
ѹɢȥ٤˷׷˿ָ̻٤Ƚ׼𣬾޴Ĺľգײĸƿһͳͳ֮У漴ײĸǣ򶫻ȥ

ЦԸĹײİ岻Ϊ⣬ЦԼǻ֪˻ڣ˻ڣܹһȺĳ˻ʣ
ͬʱŭһʮ˲̨Ȯޣ򶫻ȥ
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δųָ̈Ѿײط൱ײķѣ漴޻Ԫ÷顣
漱æָԪط࣬ȴԼѾڷ̨ϣһĴ£ӳΣ汻ĴסֻԪط࣬飬ͳͳܶŵûɢ
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񣬾Ȼôá
Ȯ˴漴ϲβ̵ϸߣ󣺡޵ˣǵһ
˿¯УҶ̹üҪʸ͵Ϯֻ֮ǽԼǿ̫¯𣬱ڲ֮ء
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˿ҶеʥѾţҶҲ޷ѣ˶ʸԵľ̫񹬵¯ʥѾڻա
Ҷһ¯֣ʸλ۷˻ʵľ̫񹬵¯޾̫𣬺Хӿе¯֮УҶߣһҲûС
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Ҷжѣ쳤̾ԶʸԲм֣λ̫񹬵˻ʣһ²ĺˣֺˣ¼ѾܺˡΪ˱㣬ҵ¯ȫΪĽͳͳɣȻһȫʬ


670 Ѫ
̫¯֮Уӵռ䣬޾ı磬ڣһ־޴ƯҶͷޱߵ֮дܳе¯ʳɣ
չʮȻ̫ҲһԴϢѹȸУ
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Ҷ̼Լطָ࣬߳յ֮УгŵʥʷͨŬƿʥ֮
һѵõĻᣬʵ޷ƿʥϾʥʥʲƣʱҪӴΪԼ㽫ҶɡǴ˿̣̫񹬵ĽľͶʸԵΪʥֱ֮Ӧ֣
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ڵĽ;ԴԴҶе¯֮УϸգŵԽԽ
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Ҷ˿̶ԶʸԸмԸӣñ˵Ľ˵ΪΪԼʥﻹôˬ飿
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ζţĳﵽޣδ飬õĽȻ޷¯ǸֲϢѹɡ
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Ҷע⵽ʸԽٵƬ磬΢΢һЦûпȷ㶫һʥӭȢĸͳıƸ񡣡
Զʸɢ춯صѹΪ⣬˹ĸ֮Ƹûջأ䵽ĸ֮ӣʵСҵõʱţʥҵλǰҪõûпܡ
ҶǸȻʥѾնʣҶˡ
ʸԴҶȥԽԽǣ۷˻ʵϢ𾳴ף˻ʳڵİ᲻κη֮ģЦʥСΪУһЦ۵ӵ˼ҵѪҪ̫¯׾٣
ȫȻ̫¯ȥſ³һѪ뾫㽫ʥҶжٽҶ
۵ѪѪ̲֮۵Ѫ֮УֻҪʥ֮ĺģƱػ᳹ƿʥ
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ʸһھѪͬԼľһ붦Уȴͬţ뺣˻ûһ䣬˵ˡ
̲ģĵһһڵľѪ̫¯Ҷı޷ռʥƿȨ
ʸԴ˴Щš
Ҷ΢΢ü̧ͷһۣõλһһڵѪ磬Ūҵʥˡ
ʸԣһѪӺ˳ȴǾѪǱҶѪ


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˵٤ޡᡢͺȮһϣΧ̨ޡԼʮ˲Ҳᱻһ˲ͳͳܣͳͳɱ⣡
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ΧصŤռ䣬һڴ˴ظо·ڴˣʵȴؿռֱ֮УҲϣ
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ʸԵΪʵȶҪ֪߳٣ָͷڣ˺۷˻ʵҲڻ£

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ԶʸԵĹ⣬һֱԹԹӲӲԵ죡
һɱսսĴǧٱұȣ
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ʸԣҲ֪Լʵ±˼ѷɫһΪĻӲƴ
ҶЦʮĵӡ¥ķԿʱⶫʸԵĹΪӮö̶һ˲һ˲伫ΪҪһʸˣӮս


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ʸԵʽӡ£ҶĲӡһ飬۷˻ʣʵȷҪҶǿ࣬ʮĵӡҲ޷
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ҶɱɭȻֻһ죬̫񹬱һȳ׻飬ͬʱʸҲڹʮĵӡ
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ҶԷһղΪ⣬Ȼһţָչ漴һգЦҽ֣һ䣬䣬ֻɥȻ۷˻ʣҲ⣡
ȭֻľһϼ֮ĴɡȻתм£
ǰƷɢƣȻܱȲĽÿһƵǿ󣬲˻֮ܿ⣬ʱһսõر
ৣ
ɫɡ׺£ʸѹ÷飬ĴƣҲѹ촷ۣ
ľĴɡԽԽСһ̵߳ɡҶУֻɡ֮Уһɹǿڲͣͼſһϼɵɡǡ
ʸԣ㲻۷˻ʣûаƷӳҵĽľȵѹα
ҶΪ⣬һֳɡ̧ͷϿȥֻе׻ʽѾСʮ౶ӸߴɱֻʣǧɴСе׻ʾͽͳͳʥɣ
ʥ֮еּϨգѾڻظ֮УӺɫ̫ɰɫʥҲ֮С
٤˼æֻϿյ׻ʽԽԽС㱻̫¯ɣ漴ı翪ʼ
ƬƬݣһ̫¯ȥƽֲϣнҲ¯ɣ
һʱ䲻̫񹬵㳹ʧ٣ֻʣҶʥ
һȻ޷ʥ׸գƵ̫¯ĸܸ֮ûεȿֲ
Ҷĳĵ֪̫񹬻ûĽеĻ


673 ҽ
һҷ𣬵Ȼ޴棬ƤǶҶе̫¯ɣ飬˵ȥţ
Ƶʥʮʱ䣬ҲδܽļҵɣҶʥȻֻ˲һʱʱ䣬㽫һ̻Ҳû°֣
ȻƵʥԶǼ֮⻹һԭǾǶʸԼ̫¯ȻǽϾҶе̫¯ķƷ
ƷǷƷǽ嫣ҲԶ̫¯ƷȻҪơ
ʸԴ˴δҶе̫¯ûпܿƶԷƱػһѪս¹˭δ֪Ҷݿѹ
Ͼʸ۷˻ʣֳֽʵ൱ʥҶȻֳʥȴһ˯еʥʥܼ㼤ҲӲ
ңʸԴҶҲ̫¯ѹƣ˳̫¯ɹ
֪ܷ߶ʥ
ҶһľͻȻɡſʸͶ̫¯֮СʸֻǱľƷѹԪˣȴδ̫¯ͼʥ
¯
ҶĵΪʱ¯ܱ¯ޱ޼ʵĺɫӿʸûʸֻüҺһ㳹ûϢ
Ҷ߶¯ֻһ˲䣬㽫һλ۷˻ɻҽ
һ˲䣬ҶҲоԼЩԳܣطɵΪƷƷ˻ʣ൱˻ڵİ̶һ˲䣬㽫˳ɵΪĹ⣬ʣ¿۷׵Ϊ
ˣʥܣҶֻǴ߶֮һ֮һûУ
ֲ̫ˣֲ̫ˣܽʥ߷ʮ֮һ±׻ˣ
Ҷɫ԰ףæֹͣ߶¯ֻһ飬Щͷۻæȶ񣬲ϳȡɹΪĵҪ߶ʥʮ֮һҪҵΪٱǧʱѾ۷˻ʣ׻ʵľֻһ֮ңˣ
ʥʵ̫ʵֲ̫ҪĵҲﵽ޷ĳ̶ȣҶΪ񣬿¸ܴ߷̫¯ᱻ˸ɣ
ߣѹξŽ״
Ҷ۶٤æ
ԭΪ쾭Ѿȱ˿붫ʸ۷˻ʽ֣ȴҲҷ쾭Ĳ֮
Ҷһ߻ָΪһ˼ʸʽ׷شתŷȪˣĴط඼򱬣ط࣬طʵ̫ˡ
طҲǹһ֣Ϊ˵ȽϱԴݻĻᡣ
ҶǰûзЩΪʵʵǿᣬЩ֮ڸǴ˴붫ʸ۷˻ʽ֣ǿȵײʱЩֳ
ڻԣǿߣʥĸ֣ڽֵɲǣ̷Ĳ֮һٽҶɱ
һɸ¥¥ļ¥õשߣֻҪݻ⼸שߣɸ¥㽨ټ̣Ҫ
ҪȥЩͱ뽫⼸שؽζұҪϵתԪ䡢ľͱȪħ䣡
Ҷ΢΢üĴǵ֮жĽҶĽȣЩμ׾Ϊļֽ͵ҲʮħʴۺԵķţۺϹһԶͨĽ
СǶҲҪԶתԪʮħʴ֮ϣҶŹпĽ
֣ǵۼĽֻؾȲ֪ʲôƷ׵ĽתԪȽЩǰԵüΪ
ҪϵֽôȪħݻĻȪӣͨϸʴ۾ݻӣͬ磬ȥ֮󣬱ᵼ粻ͨ
Ҷϸϸ˼ͻȻһüԪĴ֮Уڴ֮Уһʮڤᴩʮڤ
ǣԽԽߣ䶥Ʋ죬ͨһ磬һֱʮ֮ϣͬһž޴ɫǣͥϿգ
ʮ죬ڤظҶڣ
Ҷ񿪴쾭Ѿʮ磬ʮ뵤˼䣬üͬǿ棬ͥԼһ硣
Ԫü뵤ڽ
Ԫͬ磬ȪħԷϳԪʼֻؾƪҲԷϳľҲԷϵ
ҶָڵﴦһУԼıȪħŽڳ漴һֻصط࣬漴һطͬ顣
ϵֽķֻԼΪȴǰӾ
ֻоתԪҶƬ̣û֣Ž쾭
תԪĵһŽδΪʿ㿪ʼһֱ񣬶Ҷ弫Ϊش󣬰ҶһδŽǴ֮Ѿ֮Уɲ
Žųһط಻۷˻֮ΪǿҶ쾭ȣԵ̫
Ҷ쾭ڼ֮Ϊͬ쳣ǿǣǿȣȾתԪǿ᲻֪á
ᣬǲᡭ
ҶãͻȻҧ΢ͻȻȼգҵ̫ӿʱȼҶȫ
ʼڴ֮ڻһˮĽ̫ͬķһڣ⾡ȥֻʣ´Ĺ
ˮԽԽ࣬ͬٲһ㣬ÿһνˮһɽǰأ
ڣҶĹҲջˮʸɾ׷ٻɻҡ
飡
ҶĲзɳӿ֣⸴գ֡
ûãҶָƺǰµΪԶԭĽ
ޱ飬̫¯֮Уϥ¯ָС̫֮Уת쾭̫¯ʥܴ
ղȼڽתԪŽڵӡǣͳͳȥһ˿
ˣʮŹҲͬȥ´Լ൱ԡһ㡣
µûо˿ֻ쾭һŽ̫¯쾭ĥ֮£ǿȿʼԭľӽ
̫¯УҶоһĿգһĿ£ӳԣҵ쾭״֮󣬲ЩҪʮħʴ䡢СǶԪʼ澭ȵȵĽͳͳҪҪȥֻ¾һԼң
ӵдɾͣ벻ߵĵ·ֻ߳һԼĵſܽߵľ磡ͻȻƺԼԼ俴׻ʥʵľ硣


ڰ˾ 


674 ֮
ҶŽȻΪʵʱͣΪȴӾ쾭һҲԽԽС
СǶ澭ԪʼȵȽͳͳ쾭ʱζţ쾭״ɣڻͨΪһŶĽҲûĺۼ
ÿһŽ쾭һ֣ңЩɵ˥ֻʱģָ֮Ϊʵǿ
ľǰȣҲ˼ı仯۽øӿվøߣøԶʼ׻ʡʥʵľ硣
˻֮޷Ϊ׻ʣΪĽȻ֧׻ʵľ磬׻Ƿ֮ûԼĶ
ԣ˻ֻ˵ĽǾ޷Ϊ׻ʣ˵ĽУԼĵԼķ߳Լĵ޳ԼķпܳΪ׻ʣ
ħʱۺʮĽԼʮħʴ䣬ųɾ׻ʡ
ӦڵȪħڵľŴͳͳ˻۷壬޽ӽ׻ʵľ磬֮ûܳɾ׻ʣǻδŴϹһϹһ׻ʣ
ʷе׻ʣʣϸʴ۾ʣʥʵľ磬ɱתŮʥҲԼĽ
׻֮׻ʵĻ
˴β붫ʸԽ֣֪Լ쾭ı׶ˣ罫׶ҶҪʶһ㣬ʶΪ׻ʵ;ͻҪ۷˻ʵľ磬˼֪꣬
ҵ쾭ڻôĽǵҪһһ۷˻ʣ׻ֻа벽֮ңʱӰ죬쾭ɣҳɾ׻ʵһ̣
Ҷ񼤵Ϊ׻ʣӹ֪ſܶżϣ֪ʼûԼĵԼķ
ԼڱԼĵԼķ۷˻ʵһ̣ɾ׻ʣƱûô鷳
ҵԲôɫΪ׻ʱҪǴɡ
ֹһר־̫¯ʥĥԼ
쾭ѾСгɾ֮ͣھתԪľ֮ϣֻͷ¥¥֮һ˿˿ĺ
ƶ֮ԪδʱԪʤƶ֪ٱ
Ҷ쾭ת֮£ֻһ˿˿ĺǣ֮С
еǿ޷ܹ˿̫¯ʥ֮ڣ̫ĥգʥ֮ѹǿܹЩĳ̶ȡ
ˣҶҲСֻһ˿һЩ̫࣬޷ܣֻһ
еճ̶ȣѷںͶʸǿߴսһСĽı
ɺ֮±ǿ󵽷˼ĵزǶʸĸ֣Ҳ˵ֺֻжʸεǿȫ߶Ʒܽݻ٣
һľ磬ΪؼǣԭĽѾľ磬ΪΪͻͽʮ֮޳˻ʣڻ£
ѰŽ״飬Ҷ٤֣Լָֻ㷽λѰңȫȫΪ
ɽеɹ⣬Ѿ˽ʮ֮һΪҲԴԴϽ֮Уڱƽ
һƬ޾֮ϣһŽ״ŤӺ׵ĵؿгһɹɾκˣ˸ȥ
ǧںΣѸޱȣһǧ
ȴڴʱ׵ĵؿִһ죬ֻʮ˲ؿǣ׷վһλţͷ׳һץգںУ

𣬱ˮ棬ֵЫӣǵڼŽ״ˣ
ղţǱ뺣׵ĵؿ֮УŽ״Ƴ
٤ף֮Уֻ֮УһͬڹľıΡ
ϸϸѾǵʮˡ
ʮ
𲻽һ૵ʱ䣬ʮޣȻѰʮŽ״ôӶЩľˣʲʲôʥؿԱȵһϹŻʳ˰ɣ
ϹŻʳ
ҡͷϹŻʳ̣һλʵ۵ĹûἸ˾ʮ֮࣬ѰƸֻܱȵϲǿĴܻʳ
ĸ˵ͳεʱڣռݵľŽ״ûһǧҲа˰٣֮Ϊֺöʣ͸Ȯӿڵ
ǼѰȥѹεĿȴĴѷɫ١
٤ĿǺЦǰһŽ״ǰӿ϶ɱ䣬׻ʸӶҪɱͷѪôûľĸоˡ
ҵľ
ֹǴʮŽ״Ĵҡ˵֪¼еʥضסһԵĸϹͳͳˣʲƸħʿ¶̲סģסҪɱǡ
٤޺ĬƬ̣ͷסħʵӣ϶Ҫᡣ
Ȯ˫۷Ź⣬ڲѰʮޣǧ޵İٷ֮һǧͳͳѹһ飬˵һʺεȾ޴ĲƸƻȥǧͳͳѹˣ
٤Ҫ˵ͻȻֻҶЦǧͳͳѹһ飬Ҳǲԣѹʮ㻨Ѱʱ䣬ǧһ飬±ҪѸʮʱѹϡ
̧ͷȥֻҶ̫¯߳һɣˬˬ·ꡣ
һһһֻȻɵĸо·ֹ׷ǵۣƣһֳ׵㿡֮С
Ȼһǰȴһۿȥ覣Ƥͬ˿УͬҲһ˿覴á
Ϊ֮٤һָĪ֮У
٤ޡͱ˻ʣҶȴ𾳣δ޳Ԫ𣬾ȻЩ˻ʾøĪ⣬ܲǸоη
ʮʱȥѹδδòʧˡ
ҶһЦ̫¯ЦãҲ˷ѣֻҪþС
ʧʧ
ȮüЦеôòʧȻԽԽãơ
ҶȻʧЦҡҡͷЩǸȡһǽɾ׻ʱá
٤־ϲֻȮֹһôһθڴҲҪʮ
ҶţᣬͣǶ˴ʮȥĸ
ͱȡʮŽ״̸ϻޣֱǷȥ
ʣµʮ͸ƸӦò̫˰ɣҶʣµ૵


675 ٱ
ϴڻȪħڣӦڵѾϴȪħڣƸ񽻸Ƹ񲻿ν̽ɼ⡣
ӦڵֻƸ񣬲δѯΪλŮףҶһֱյһ顣
ǣȻӦڵûʣûᣬҶҲװͿ˴ȥ񣬱㽫ʺͿһ㡣
׽һʥһ˻ʷǼΪĽ˻ʷͼһ壬ŽԴ߶ͼ޷ӡϧǣѾӵ쾭ַš
ʥ˻ʷҶ쾭˵ʺϣֽ
ң׽Ҳû˼һǸ̬̽㣬⡣ǽŽڸԼġ
͸ﻹʣ¶ʮԿܷҵ¥Ʒס
Ҷ٤Ȯȥ˼ҵ¥˽ľľѾɳʮ㣬ܱ㿰Ƚ֪ɳʮʱܸǿ
뵽ȡһ¥¥ӿ֮УȡеĴƬ̣㱻¥еɣ
Ҷգգ۾¥ֻ¥˵һ㣬ɫҲûиı䡣
¥ĲԽߣθڱԽȻһŽ״Ҳ޷
ȡһι¥еŽ״ȴû˿仯ֻΧ¥ĺȴŨһ֡
Ҷһ漴ȡι쾭Ѿ˾תԪȽɾͶصĺɲ֮ҪֺΪ
һɣʧ٤Ȯľ۲ѡ
Ž״ʥصˣɾ׻ʵĻֶǣΪϡУȻҶ˷ѣǶۡ
Ҷιȥ¥ŴӰ񣬼ιŴӺ񣬳ɳΪ¥ʱĵŽ״
µҶҲһһʱ¥еʮŽ״
¥θ֮ãҲЩļ£
ʣµʮŽ״һԶ¥¥ɹʮİ¥
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һɹɫĸ֮ͬˮأԽԽ࣬¥ӡ
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ҶкȻ¥еȻǣ֮˵ղͨǸձݣ磬粻ɣ
ܸо֦ҶƬ֮УϴǸ缳ȡ֮赣ı˷֡
ľվʮͻ˱ݣ֮ͨ·˵¥еѾнľǰǿȽľҪǿ
ľ֮ͨ·еľͷע⣬ǸһƸ£㽫ľ飬
Ҷ¥˿Ҳ֦ͨͨҶȴ֮У豻˷֣ҶŻ˵ȽľҪǿࡣ
ݴ򿪣˵ҿԽ֮У
Ҷͷͨ磬ζ˱ݶ˵һ㣬صȵ޳׻ʣԽ磡
񲻳ɡ
ҶͻȻ뵽һؼҪ򴩵ͨ¥ĵʮ㣬һ죡
˿Ϊƣ¥ֻ򿪰˲㣬ҪĵھŲûܴ򿪣ֻнھŲ򿪣еĴУŻû˿谭ͨС
Ҳ˵Ϊ˻ʲпܽ硭
Ҷ̾˿ĵʱܽ磬ǻø֮ҲǺõģҵ¥ɳȻԴǣ֮
漴Ҷҡҡͷ˴¥ʮ㣬Ѿķ˶ʮŽ״ɳʮ߲㣬ºķѵҪ԰㣬ʮ˲ǧ㣬ʱ׻ͳͳѹһ飬Ҳ޷ŪôĴ
ңȵѰ㹻ʮʱѹȥʱҶҲѾΪ˻ʣԽˡ
磬Ѱ֮һʤĴԣҶ񲢲¥Ʒס
Ȼڲܽ磬ǣ֮ҲΪӴճ㹻ˡ
ɽеɹ⣬ѾҶõһɶ࣬˻ڣеɹⶼҪĹ⣬ʱҶֻǰһ·ߣֻ֮ṩ㹻׻ʵھŽ״ɣ
ڣҶϵޣδңңһɣͦƬģڴϷ죬һƬѰʿٻᵽ
ģ򷱻ʤɽˮХɽ֣׺࣬һĹȣĵؽ硣
ҶֱӽƬ̧ͷȥֻԶľβƾһվȺɽ֮䣬˫̯סһƬڡ
ľ˸ߴɣͦͬɽ룬Ʈǵ䣬ϻٲˮӱϢ
λ˻ʺ活ʣĿߡ
ǽԼƳɽˡ
֮һʥأӵĴͼ顢˻活δ֮У˸¡
Ҷ񼤵˻ʺ活еƬڷȥ٤Ȯæϣһһ档ʥغħʥȣʥأֻ۽硣
ҶҶٱǰݼҶƬڣ
үˣֻУ֪ٴƼ׷׳
磬졣
Ҷ¥ͻƵʮ㣬֦Ҷ˱ݣգ磬ͻȻ𶯣¡¡һʱŻƽϢɽ˲֪ٸַ׷ײ鿴֪ʲô¡
ͻȻһȻϿյĽ֮УһƴҶڴˣȻܹϳֻѲʹȥ鿴ʲô£Ȼء
֮УһηɢһɹɺϢ˷ɳѲʹ׻ʵΪЩ˵ʵԽ׻ʣ
ЩѲʹھɢѲ죬δҶǣ֮þ췢Ԫй¶֮иڶ࣬ÿʱÿµԪԶ͵ߵһ֣˲δЩѲʹ
ûôܣ
֮У֮ϣѲʹҲҴһ£ֻΣ𶯾죬һͷ˲򣬱ض磬ôûзκټ
ٲ飡ҪȥصҲҪӾо


676 㲻
ҶҶٱݼˣ
УּüһãҶ˻ʵʩСִ٣ûԤССɾ⡣
٤վҶԲƲƲ졣
ִ٣
˲֪֪һΪ˴˴֮УҶ㻨˰ʱ䣬ν̤ǧɽˮ·;㣬;̫񹬵۷˻Ѫƴ
ǲִ٣ͼıѾã
ңҶµҲССʵʵڵĺ
ѾʺóڳסͷϹͰǺεȵľȣ
ЦЦҶҲЩȣСӣõˣǰȪħΪŮףѾ棬ҲһˣҵûеطˡνСĲʲô
֮ʥصʥʲôûм˵ϣе𾪵Ķࡣ
СӵΪһһ仯ֻѾİƷˡ
´Ҷ񣬶ҶΪָƣɰ죬ֿ٤λ٤޻˻ʣһħ˻ָû뵽Ҷ߾Ȼһλ٤޻˻ಽң
ȮƹǶݣƹϸо׻ʵϢ
Ҷ֣٤æǰҼϾŽ״һ꣬涵ʮö˰ٶ䣬ף޽
һӣŽ״ȳ֣ͬɢ˻ʰֲϢΪ΢һЩףֱӱϢѹſ
漴һ֣ǧ裬Թʮҵѳң˱ǣÿнһƬ칬Ʈ죬ƺ̲źŵĴ
ʮöͮͮ涵֮ɽɽӣų𣬹ȥδλŷ
б˰ٶ䣬˰
˻ʵгĬƬ̣ÿ£˿ڵ϶漴һƬȻ˵ĳ𣬼ǿߣҶҲʧ˷ִ磡
λʥҲ̲ס֮λݡ
ȷʶ㣬ıＫ࣬ǰȪħʱͳ˺۾Ҳգһ£̸Ц
ҶĻȴʵʵĳԤϣԤƣ
⼸νġСС̲סģҶδŮƸ񣬶óЩҫĻɱ˶ᱦ
Ĳ˵ʮö涵ֵɱˣһö涵꣬ʥǿ˵ûʲôܱӳԪջ
Ҫʮңһҿǧֵ꣬Զ涵֮ϣοһ
ڱ˰ĿʿͻʽޣΪı˰òӵеĳɾ͡ٶ˰ζԳְλླĸ֣ҲһʲСĲƸ
ǣЩ֮УΪصģǾľŽ״
һĺزƸŽ״ȫ;λ׻ʣһʥصˣޱȲ¡еĵӣԽΪ
ѵʲôʥرСôŪôıЩĸʥᶯģ
ϸ룬δ˵ĸʥر𣬻߱ϴ٣ĵʺ񣬾Ȼ˵ССܶмλŮͳԽţΪһʥأħһʥˣ
ԽҶԽϲǰЩС̰ᣬ¤ѾȸףȴСӷᣬ˿ȴСΪ˳ۡ
ԣСı㣬Ҷˣ
ɫͻȻһ䣬粻˼ôصҪ㹻ļױɶ񣡡
Ǳ˵õôصƸϲʤͷԣ˼ά쳣ˣδ룬ֻǻϲƬ̣ʶ֮
СóôıһҪױˣһ
ɫЩ࣬ĵʼױõҹݵİңŮôصƸʲôҸλش𣿡
ֶ˶ЩȻҶóʺȷʵЩΪѣ޵ļױúƸ޼Ļò˺صļױǽ
Ҿ֪СûôģԭǳĽġУĽʦȥȫ֮ߡ
ҶֻԼλδɫһһףȻûϵȻ̶̵һ˲תôС˼
ɫͻȻָԭ״ЦȻģЩССұˡ
һЩͳͳЦٱԶûмˡˣȥ롭
δ˵꣬ҶѾһЦͶϣδ˿̶ףԭǸüһ
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ǶһǺӶȻͣ٣ƯϿգֻһݸ߹ι״ĹϥΣһſǶǳ֮ϣǾ
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ֿҶĿԽɭȻҶٱŴǹΪ΢ӵܣĳҲ۸۸㣬֪ʲôߵغ񣡡

ĴǶͼȻڣʮǾطķһӿ֮УƱǣֲ˻ʵеһɷƮҡ֮У
˻ڵİϢ񱩰ԵŤգϢ˺ձ
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˵飬ţ֪еԵʣȴ֪ҶѣΪǰȷϢҵļû뵽ȻҶµ֣
λ۸ǻ࣡


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ңȻܾӺ½ʵǿ񣬶ԽΪƿӺ쾵ʵΪǿ
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ҶԭѾס֣ûȡ˼Բüȩ̈һģԪطٴα
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ղСһƴˣ첲׳ҶЦЦ
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˻ʵȡͼ֣ؽѷλִ֮֮


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СӵʵȻѾɳ־أɾ˻ʱҶĶ֡Щ㱣а
Ҷʵ֮Ѹ٣Ҫǽ쾭һ׶ˣ׻ʡʥǸİ֮İʱ䣬ΪͬͻͽɾƷľ磬붫ʸԽʱҪǿ֪١
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ᱻͻȻϲѶҵͷԣ֪˵ʲôǺá
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۾һЦԭǾʥʦ֣ǰǹ˴̣Īҵǹȥ
һü볤ʮɵĿ丸վڷɣϣٽӽüЦǵСӣҿ丸μʲǹᣬ벻⡣
ǿ丸ʥп丸ģ秵֣˵ȴΪ𱬣ɤŵֻսĿ丸ûй»ŵİ࣡ӱ룬Ҫҿ丸ǹΪӱȫɱȫңƴƣǵ˫ӸɲؿͱӦûܰ쵽
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ܹЩʥ磬ǵ۱Ȼ֮
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΢ЦǵȻ࣬ʼΪ⣬Ǻ壬˵е塣˵ǵ۳ʱ콵⣬ӵ壬۳һȻƿع΢˥ϡ壬֮֮ϣʣעҪдɾͣѪͬСɡǵӵǺ壬׻繫ϵʵһֱּĥ֪ܽôģ
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ط̲صܣǧٱԪ֮ȻǿûǿԿܵĵز
쳣ֲˣһӵо춯صͨΪͨҲٶҲ֮岢ѷɫ
һţԯȱҲһ壬ֻǲ֪塣
¶Ľ֮ɫԯҲ۵ѪһȻ壬òۡҺǣʲô壿
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ȻʵӰңԶʱ֮Уؿռ䣬һ磬ٻҶɲҿ϶ԼܷӵۺΪ
Ǽ֤֮ĸӦԽԽǿܹоȷзλ׻粻ͬһʱ֮Умһռ䣬һ磬磡
ȥѰ֤֮ҶʵĿǰ޷쵽ǵһλԪʼԪʼϣʵޱȵǿڹепƵһˣ֤֮˵ȡǽӽ¶ᱻѹ÷ǣ
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һƸ䣬ƻ֣һ𣬷׶գ޴ӣ޴ɶ㣬۷˻ʵİԵ
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Ҷ˽ľȣ΢ЦʹҪɱˣĲˡҶĳƢãɱ㣬ʥǾ˵ˣ˵ʹ˿ѾǸˡ

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ҶʦܣҲ֣ҲӦΪֲӦҶʦղ˵˭仰Žѡ
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Ӧʦֺǵۣ֮Ҳ֪Ƕˣ˭׻ĵһ֣
Ҳ뷨ʥλɫ۷˻ʣͬŶײǣҪײһ𣬱ŷѤõĻ𻨣
Ҷ޲Լ꣬ȥһӦڵǵɫԾΣһһ˶ʵĻ棡
Ӧǵ۱˿Կ⣬ҲУǵ۵ͼıóѡǵʵ赲ǵͳһʥصĴơ
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֮⣬вѷ̫񹬵ţµĵͳͬСɣһºѲ֡丸ĳ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵Ĳʥأǵá
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ͻȻֻһЦǵۣӦǰ
ԵޱȣֻǶ֮⣬һֻ𣬹һ·ѹؽ֮㽵ٵǹ֮ϣҵĻ·Ǻ÷ڣƬǺ˲Ϣ֮һС룡
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ͻȻصһըػۣһֻѪĴ֣ǹץһ䣬ƺܽǧĽһץ飡
ǵۣأѾʶ׻ʵʵΪֵԿ
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ǹ֮ͻȻһƺ̺κĸ飬ҵǹϢȻƽϢ·ǺƺҲε֣һһ˿һˮ
һֻǹɵƴǹȽȽֻأͬ棬޾޾Ʈ𺳡
ֻײһ𣬶ʱһƺߣֺȻ飬λ̫񹬵ʥ׹أѹҲ޷վڿУǵۿ⡣
ֻǹ޾ǹȽȽͬˮкأҶ͸ʥ֮仯һſǳͬϵǿ֮С
һɫ԰׵޾ǹ߳覣ͬϵǳɣߵĿĽ㡣
ǵʥ֮䣬ϢޱȰԵѹֻ˻ʾʥ忪ʼɼС


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˼ҶȢ˭϶⣬̻ӵ˶Է
Ҷͷ亹Цʦ˵Цˡ
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Ҷλ׷ɱãûѰ
һλѲʹһۣĿħһͬһͷкŵϣҶܲ
Ƭ̣ǿǿ񱳸ԶУӵ磬Ҷ׷ɱ꣬սʼδܽá
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׻ǿɵŤҶ쾭еֻɵŤҪǿ֪١
ң˿ǵ۲˵Ľ㣬Ҳ˻עҶˡ
ˣܹϵˣֻҺĦ楣ħʺѲʹǽҶĵ


686 ǿƵǳ
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Ҷ񲻽üͷλ׻ʶô˵ļʥȷǵãֻǵµľѪļʥ˶ĿΪֵƷ
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˵ȻĵѪôµĺ־˭
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687 ҶĻ
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ʥ֮һͬʱЩڴǵۺӦڵһѾжٶδ֣ϴΧȪħڣżһǶ󣬽ȪħסҲδʹɱֶΣ
˴ΣλһˣӦڵȻҪԶ֣ܲ˼
ļʥЦͷʹ΢΢ζƽڽȻǵۣӦóΪۈ޵ӡ׷Դ޳δ˽֣ȻųƵһ֣ô㣬˭µһ
ֶţ˼æ˱ܡ
ǵ֮еǿߣ޽ӽ׻ʵľ磬ļʥȻǵв磬ҲϾѪԼΪ޳ӡӡİʵȻǿᵽԻǵ۵ĳ̶ȣҲԱ
ضǽЩΪ׳۵һս
ȿȣλ
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λʥ΢΢һ˼Ǵ˴ˣΪľһˣÿ⡣
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ļʥ˵ˣѪѾ뵽ԼѪ֮УˣȷûдڵıҪˡ
Ȼû˵ãǺαͶǹļңֻʥأԼңǺã
ǹ˻ļҽˣЩʥضֻǣͳΣֻǵۻĈǵΪ׻ʣôõ飿

Ҷһ仰ǵ۵ĴƳֱַ߽ƣʥȥ֮⣬ֻδվѡ
ǵһĿһתҶɨȥĿ֮У̲ؿֲǺ⣬ƺһԽ˵ᣬҽ
Ŀ⻹δҶߣ㻯ΣҶλ׻ʵϢ߽⣬޷
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Ҷ崺磬Цǵۣ˴νˣѡͳʥص䣬ԸĪǵۻʥ˳ɣ
ͻȻɽһԽڶɭȻҶٱһҪ߽ˣĪǵ߹
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ɽɫʱ࣬㻹ݹˣ죬뿪ǹ벽Ƭǹ֮أ㣬ǵ˼ҳΪʥص䣬һҪȪħڣ׻Ķϲ

һλʥվ˳ǲΪǵƵʥŭҶٱҲͨӡȻǵ෵๼ǹ֮
ŴζԿǹǵ֮ӣǵ˼Ҵдһƽϣȴȥɱ˵ħͷ
ͻȻλʥվ֮࣬ҶԴַȴҶЩƻ˴˴νˣǵ۵Ĵƣӵǵ۵һʥվͼȳ棬Ҷɱ
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Сɱ㣡
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ߴ֮УƷ޷֧סķѣλ׻һ飬Ų̨ĽҲ⵽׻Ǻ嫷ѹֱӵأ伸ɽʥͳͳ飡
⼸ǵͬʱǵԪط࣬ͳͳ
ЩȻĽƿؽȴԶ׻ʿ⣬λѲʹħȻֻǷ٣Ͼһ֮ǿƥݿһ㣬㽫λʥĨɱ

⼸δ⵽ش˿̷׷׻һ⣬䴩Ƕ󣬷ԼŶȥ
뱾ԣúã
ȮֺȺۣͬղڳһ㣬е˭վȺͳͳһˣ
Сӣֻкϣ򲻹ϣ򲻹ϡ
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ħ΢΢һͣ½ŲͷŭСӣʹĪ
λѲʹҲͣ½ŲҶĿⲻƣѲʹ½磬̫ˣٲҲҪеһΣ
ҶٱȻõʯĳ޲̱㽫ˣĻȷʯĳ˼
ǵ۵ȻɱɭȻλ׻ʣǰʯĳȻ֣㲻ʯĳСգʯĳҪһ׻ʣ


688 ս׻
һ׻ʣ
һȫԾµʥֻҪ̫Ӧö֪Ҷղǽλ׻֣֮ɽʥͳͳĨɱν
λ׻ȻҲ֪˲ԸҶɱ˵ĵԲŴȥʥȻͲɷ뿪ߵԽԽãǵȴ˿壬Ҫλ׻£˵׻ֻ
Ȼ˶׻ʵĽҲͬСɣһƱ㽫ߴʥͳͳУƵüͳͳţƷĽͳͳ飡
ƣǺεȾˣ˭˵ֱλ׻ʣ
ǵƫƫ˵⻰ܲ𾪣
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λ׻ǺƢҶٱãȻɱңһСӣ
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Сӣô㲻ˣļʥı֮ԽԽŨŤǺЦ
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Ϣǿᵽ˼ޣЩʷյЩ׻˿ѷĵػ˴ڶŭߵٱҹȥҪԴˣΪҴıѩޣ


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ʱħʺλѲʹֵǵۣҲо֮жһޱȿֲĴڣȡ
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׻ʵĽҶҲ𣬱еʷԼħʷѲʹҲν
ЩĴȫʢ״̬µ׻ʣ澡Ҳ׻ʣû׻ʵľ磬ķȴ׻
ѹħ˵ǵͥʵһҲӲ±ᱻɵ׻ʵʵʵ̫ǿˣа
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ļʥܿع־ŭղŵϲͳͳɣХһɭȻȴСӣϸڽͣ
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󶦺϶ΪһǾʥʥ֮Ϊһѹ׻ľرֲֿܣһƣ¶׻ܶԸԿԽҶɻҽ
Ŷֻ֣ڴǸʢŻȿֲΣ
һƯڰ֮Уÿһڴ󶦽ǽСҶ̧ͷȥ·֮Ưžķ
󶦣ӵĿռ䣬һ½ڲԲãã֮У䣬ɼףӿŶ֣󶦵ܱ˴ǣڳ׸գ

Ŷ𶯣һɢһѹ죬ҶЩδ£㽫ǽµ˺ѡ飬ʼ֣ҽ
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Ȼ۷˻ʥƿؽԶŴѹ׻˵ľŶȣҪѷɫ֪١
ܣǽܿ⣬ҶеĽľֻһƷҶԽľӲƴŶеͬᱻ÷ǣ
ҴҲ붯ôĵľŶ
һһưӿŶȥҳӣĵľŶûѧȫŶΣ
ŶӿЩϼ⣬ͬ˳һ㣬أصС
ڹ꣬ڤ粻飬һͻڹϣѹ㣬ѵͷ꣬㳤ԣ
ļʥȻŭȻưΪڣ±ϾǴĻʳĲ־ְػģ˵Ǵĵػ񣬵ϾǴ˿ŭģʱԭĹ֮ԺŭһŶײȥȽͷŵٳҶ
ÿһڽ֮жƶĽŶϣܸ޷ŴļʥȻ޷ŶһŶ𣬱ĨɱһʥأǶ󶼳ֹͣת
ǹУʥԶԶȥֻ֮жȻ󶦵״иĪ
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ѵ˵ļʥѰʧŶҪ϶Ϊһˣ
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ٱŶѾȫأ˰ɣ
ǺһЦŶ֮УԽԽСҶͷ׻׻̻Ҫֱ˶ȥˡ
Ҷϲ⣬æŶ𣬴¥֮УЦлȫŶԭˡ
ļʥ״һѪޱȾҶƳһۣ棬Ѫд棬ֹҴһǬ
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ͷѵ̧צӣһ㣬ļʥʱ׻ʰֲķڰգǿҲ޷
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ļʥŭһͼʩչӡӶݶȥϰķ֪ٱһָ֮㽫ķѹеΪͳͳ޷ã
ͻȻһѪȴǰ潫ڵĵѪᣬЩѪޱʢ̲˿ֲܣڰķ֮Уȴ֮ҲûУ֮㱻ۣһѪ򣬲ͣ䶯
ʣҴĵѪ뵽Լ󱲵Ѫ֮У㽫Ѫȡ
ļʥһѪѪ΢ȴѪ֮Ҳ۳һѪ
ڣǴĵѪļʥ̲ģе
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ڵѪ֮ǺЦͨѾ֪һУ泼»ҴĽɽӣѪ·𣬿϶ʵɱ޷Ź
ڣļʥеѪ֮ȡһգΪɢգۼ޽ӽ׻ʵľ䵽۷˻ʵĲΣмŭǾ֡
Ϣǹеֶʱоѹһᣬ̴߶󣬴ٴתɲǼ㽫ļʥеߣ˲Ϣ֮㽫


693 սʥ
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ԶŴǿʦûܳ׷ӣʱ뱻ֻ֧ܿš
ֿǶܣǺķ㲻ɱıѾʼʴԪֻĽʼ˥ϣԪˮȻٶȲ죬ȥ㲻ǾҲ֮С
ͬʱ޾ӿҶУܲνȻĿǣ˿аߣҶˮϽɡ
ٱҽѪڴڣΪ
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ҶԣҡͷܾЦ棬Ѿ߳һʡȻͬĵ·ĳɾͣδػ벻ѪԼһ棬һҵ
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Ҷƣֻһ޶Ȼ潫֮Ѫ뵽ڣͳˣҴĵѪҲ˶ϾȻٷɾͲİҵһͳ£
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ҶĿ֪࣬˵ʲôǺá
棬飬˵ģǻУ˵Щǲ̫ˣ
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Ҷţһֳ֣ɣأͬٵصһʦɨȥ
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Ҷٱ˵ģү㽫ܲţ
ԶŴ𱬺ȣ·嵴Ҷͷ¥һȣ漴ȭͷɽһȭ

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ԼʵʦĶ֣ο滹ӵԶŴֽǼɵ棬ôʦĹ½ֱ㲻㵽ͷϣòʧ
ʦΪСʥ֮Ĺ½ƹҶΪħ½ҵƶܲ棬ʦɵҶ񣬱Իƹһ޳ɰ˵֣ͬĵҶɵ棬ͬҲԻҵ죬ҵҶ񽫹½Բأ
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ȻЩǾжٻǶɲС


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׻֮УʥԴԶӿֳ֪ٴۣҲԼĵͳ
½ǧ֮УΨ׻ĵ񣬽࣬ʵǿһ磬Ȼûгֹ׻ʣڣС
ôĹֻۻһˣûϺطϢУӿֲ
һӦڵǵǵȾްԵֿڱȣȻ𣬼ԼƶɵİƷȻȥ
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ǿ߷µĽȺȥһǣ˿赲Щµٶȡ
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ǧһѹ£֮৵һſֱָۻۣ
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񣬽
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һ֣㱻ǧܻУصһըֱӱǧ飡
ǲ־𣬳ӵкƴķĨһʳ־ܽĨɱЩǿɲ˵ĸ
ոٴ壬漴ٴα飬ʮΣڽ͸ٵۻͷ
ʲô£ͷ־𣬲ΪԼոճֱ⵽˿ֲĹ֮С
׻粻ǵ̱ҺħҪۺ磬ʵȹ׻˽ʱܱûֲ
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ħʲ֣´ҶֻҶɫҲЩ԰ףֹ֪˭
̵ģοˡ
Ҷ׻˽ٵĿֲΣͷЩëѾӦӦڵɽʱæֵ֪ԼЩˡ
ԭΪԼ˻ʣ԰Ӧʦֵֵһ˻ʾ磬⵽̶ֳȵĹҲһ
ǧʮκɱԼˣۻ۲˿
ɱޣûпܣ
ȻĳǧƣÿһƶһʽӡԲҶҪ첻֪٣ÿһӡ̲׻ܣһƴ顣
ۻɫ԰ףԴϢͻȻһǹȻ֣ѹ£ͬʱһĹ֣ᱮۻ۰Χ
ǵӦڵͬʱۻ۳֣


700 
ǵ۳֣Ҷ֮УӦڵȴЩ⣬Ҳ֮С
ӦڵȻûǵǰͳµҰģҲ֪ۻ۹׻ʾ磬ô׻ڴ˵УʥذȪħڣ٣Ӵܹ֮Ϊ׻ʣҲڵۻ۵Ӱ³Ϊ׻ʡ
ԣӦڵ֣һֱҪ飡
Ƕ˶ǲǾ֮ѡֵʱ׼ǵۻ۸ոսǧĺϢ֮ʱ
κһˣ׻ʣҲܶԿǧĺɱ˷ֺۻֻǸոճΪ׻ʣûӵ׻ǿֲķ׻˽٣Ѿˡ
ۻԼЩѾǿߣ뵽׻羹Ȼ׻˽صĴͳκһ˳Ϊ׻ʵһ̣Էɱ
һ㣬˵ǣǵҲûϵȻѡԼ׻磬ѡǧ磬֮ܿأס
Ͼͳγɵʱжֻ̣ʱ䣬Ǵܻʳ֮󣬸ʥص˳Ϊ׻ͳһ£ѹեʥصռ䣬ŲԼͬ˳ɾ׻ʱɱǱڵв
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ǹ£ǳѹǹһƷʲǹ󣬵ҶΧܣ˵ĸʱΨǹǿ
ǵѡǹҲıԶǣΪԽ׷ӳֻܷӳ˾ŷ֣ǹȴԷӳʮ֣
˿бܣѷ׻ʵȫһ컻أһѹۻ۽µس飡
ۻ۽µĻ֣ǧһɱʱȥ֣ǹ£Ҳ޷סµĴء
׻ʣˣһδΪ׻ʵϣɱޣ룡
ۻüĿԵޱ죬ͻȻصһһը죬Ʊǣһǡ
ſһĳϻȥӭǹ
ȴڴʱֻӦڵľɷͻȻѿһɴִӴ֮̽밴˫֮ϣֻһࣵı֮һɹǿԵѹأСܿСޣصۻڡ
ۻ־ŭȻճûжã̳еһּ䣬սʶ֮ǿѷЩ˼ǧϹӦڵǵλʥǰȻƣ
ΪȻԿӦڵǵ۶˵ʵҪղЩʥ֪ٱ׻ʾ粻ԶѾһֻſ׻ʾ磬Ƿȱǻۡ
ΪȻԶӦڵǵ۶ˣûн֡
񣬳ųǺڣ
ۻŭȣӡϿպȥųǴһʵʵ֮أ汦еͷͨĲкмƬܵõųǣʵȻǣֵӦڵǵ׾١
ǹ£ٵۻͷգʱգ޷ָ塣
ǵɷͷһιЦӦֹֻ֣һΣȴ١˴Σνҵڶ֣
ʯִˡ
ӦڵһַƵ־ԶĵȻУЦֹֻһΣһΣԲ֡
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˿ﻢ£ֻۻӲƴӦڵ׼һˣõۻͻ׻ʱ罵µ֮
Ӧû꣡ǵƿڴӲͷƤۻӲƴ
ħһֱûвִ˴սΣҡͷʧЦҶСӣûУӦڵǻΪΪ׻磬²֪ٴΪ֮겻֣һֻô𡭡˵ҲҪѹһЩ֮ͻΪ
˵˼䣬ûӦҶ֮ɨȥ΢΢һֻҶ֪ʱ뿪˵ء
ħĿԶɨȥֻЩɢ֮УҶĳ˼¥ɨ֮ͬʱʮطӵ֮ȥеļеļľȣеļֵ˻֮Щױı磬ϯ֮ڣӦڵѷɫ
ͬһŵʦֵܣ
ħðŭΨֱɨɾ̳֮ۻͻ׻ʾǣµ֮࣬Ũ޷󣬼൱ħʼΪһ֮ħ֣֮Ϊ֮Ӧڵ֣Լһ˱ܶԸħļʹ
ħʱ䣬ҶӦڵҪһ̶Ƭ̣Ѿɨȥ֮
ѹһֻ֮ʣµ֮Ѿһɨա
ʦ֣ҪҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҷ΢΢ζطױͳͳߣָӦڵΪʹļ׵ǵһðգۻ׻ӲƴΪʵʦܲݣȡ֮࣬óƽ֣зݣùƽ
Сӣһһ˭õĶ໹˵
ɷͻȻպϣһɻص޷֮УЩɷÿһΪвΡΡȺɽѣԶŵϢ
ӦڵһϮѩɷ֮䣬Цеǰõ֮ͳͳóһȻƽ֣
ȿȣʾ鲻ħʳ֮䣬ǺЦ
ҶƳħһۣ¶Σ֮ɫʦ֣ʦֵܶ˷ȥʵ̫⣬ħӦҲȡһɵ֮ɵƽһΣ
ȻһҲ̵
ħ־ŭ־Щί֮Уõ֮٣˿̻ôͷ쵰Ȼ̵һݶʵѻ
ӦڵǣҪӦħʵĽͻȻһɻɬĲֻ֣ûǹѹٴͣЦΪħѾˣܳȥĽҪᣡħʣ֣ͬۻۣ
ۻ۴˿Ѿŭ˼㣬֮ûüն٣㱻˹Ϸָɾ˴վΪǵ͵֮вµҲûϵԼµĺ֣ȻΣգ
񣬳ųǺڣ󻤷׻ʺڣŭߺȡ
ǿ֮У׻ʣǵã˰סѲʹгųǺ󻤷׻ڣ䵽ⲽأ


701 ׽׽
۳壬ɴãȻ֮У٣ֻʣ²־ǰķľ֮γɵ˫㱻飬ֻܲϷУ޷£У󻤷׻ʽóųǣѲʹӲƴסǡ
䣡
ͻȻٴη飬ͬһ㣬Ľٴγ֣ۻۺȥ
ԭ׻ʥ֮Լ׳ɵĹأ˳ɾ׻ʱֻһΣ˴ǵۻ۳ɾ׻ʣͼı̫󣬶Ըʥصвǰأ˲Żֵڶνɱ׳Ρ
ۻۼΣջޱȣԭΪԼֻҪΪ׻ʣ˳͵֮ȴûϵӶգ׻ʵ澡ʧ֮Ҳ˶ȡ
Ϊ֮ӣ۾ĺԵ֮Ѫһ֮ãǿᣬΪ֮ʵǿߣû뵽ȻһȺƵûͷǱ
뿪˵صĻֻҲҪɥ
ߣ뿪׻磡
ۻͻȻǵۣϣֻ˫һ񣬴͸գʧ
Щģ̫Ұˣ޵ˣͳ֮˵أȺҰˣͳͳ
ޱȷŭ´γʱͳͳҪ޵Ľ²
ǵ۸뿪ĿɨӦڵŭӦ֣ˣ֣µۻۣҲˡݻɽ뺣ȹ׻ʵľ磬ƱҪٴλʱ׻Ĵѣ
ʯֶˡ
Ӧڵ˶ЦʱӦĳѳΪ׻ʣõ
׻ʣӦֺţʯĳ˵һΪ׻ʣʱ֪㻹ܷȻȹ˽٣
ǵĿȥӦ֣ǻȪħڵĸףʵ̫ˣ˽ٿֲ˹ԵԶʯĳʲô
ҶӦڵħӶֲֻ֮ᣬȻΪӼߣҪͬʱҲһﶼǸڻǿʳĵ֮ͽеĶͳǾ޿ܡ
ԼĻ˵ҶӦڵħʣ˾åܵõĽȻҶç̫ͬͬǴ򽻵뿪۲Ĳ
ԭԸҶ񣬴˿̼ӦڵˣҲ֪ûĨɱҶϣ
ǹĵ̣ҪȪħڰٱټʯĳԵҪ౶׻˽٣ʯĳ׿ɹȴУֻ˽֮У
ƮȻȥټ
ǵӦڵǿߣѾٳ֣Ƕ֮Ȼɵ֣˲಻󣬿˵΢΢ûʮİ˭ᶯ֡
׻󿲣֮ʱҶǶ˭ȳΪ׻ʣǶԷѣ
Ӧڵõ֮׻ʵľһ౶
ħɨӦڵһۣ̫ˣһҪԼĽϹһԼĽ¶̶̼֮ڣ㻹޷׻ʾ硣ǵȴǺ壬ǹĽ˵ʺϲ迪ֻ谴ͰȻȻԳɾ׻ʡ˭ȳɾ׻ʣ˵
Ӧĳۣȷ֮壬Ǻ壬û޳׻ʵʣȴһ仰
Ӧڵ΢΢һЦ˶ʤ죡
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ҶһӦڵ⻰ƺ˵ԼƺָҶ
ֻӦڵ³һЦֻǰ˵ĽӦĳᱻ𾳣Ե˻ʣԵ׻ʡǿԼĽ˻ʿڣ׻ʿڣʥʿڣҲͳͳϣΪأ
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ҶԣвһͻЩ졣
ħɭȻӦڵǰ֮Ȼᾭɭʵرˣ϶Ѳ˹ϵ֪ڷأɵķضڣؿ϶ҲΪ콻һһ˿ڣ򡭡
ЦĿֱסӦڵףŹӦڵһ˿һı顣
ȿȣ£ɭʦȷʵӦĳС
Ȫħڵգգ۾ĿɨҶЦʦܣΪ֪֮ħʱ£Ϊûʮħʦ
ҶɫȻɫأʵʵ£ʦ־ûеõʮħʦҶĳģѰ䣬޳ɾ׻ʵĿܣ
ӦĳҲģʮ׻Ӧĳ֣֮
ӦڵҲȻΥģҲ޳ɾ׻ʵĿܣ
ĵħʼɫһһϣαʿΪԽߣԽܺģΥԣľ᲻Բ
ľӰ쵽ΪΪľɵӰԽԽ󣬴Ӷƾ
૵ѵ治Ϊںħպգ˵ҴۣѵָΪͨ󣬲ѷӦڵǵۣ뱾г𡭡
һˣӦڵĻɣĿɨҶ񣺡Сӣ楶ų
Ҷ΢¥ոմ¥ŻͻȻһɹɿŰħħħ׻ʵϢ壬ѪҰŻµİԵϢ
СãнҲɭʦ㵹Ҫ㻹ʲôֶΣ
Ħ極ֻһ죬һǧǧǧĦ޻׻ʴҶ¥Ծ漴ǵذĽƴ¥зɳ飬ǵأħ׻ɱȥȴһΪصĽÿһƶһܼǿĴƣ
Ħվħ׻һֻϣ߳һԲǧնȻݣħ׻ǧſħħиĴͳͳ飬漴ħ׻ǧַ£ݺ¥ڻȥ
Ҷ¥ڣһĺֻһͼĽɳƵӵԽԽ࣬ħ׻ʵǧֹƣͼ¥ԾЦ㣬õħ׻ΪϱСûҪѷɫһ
Ůţɱڣͣڰ֮Уʱ׼ٴγ֡
ȻѾҶ¥ս˲֪೤ʱ䣬ĦӦǱƵҶ¥Уз¥߲Ȼʮħ׻ķͨɭʦԿ
ħɫʱ࣬ĿҶӦڵɨȥ
ϲħʣϲ£ʦʧã飬ʵҿԽ͡
ҶЦݿ䣬ʮ׻ʵȷӦʦϣŪ֮תңҺʦֶΥղŵԡ


702 ǵĶ
ףǵĶף
ϣһƵľ޳֮Уۻ۸߸ڻλ֮ϣϸϸλ׻ʽ׻ĴͳɫЩ̫ÿ׻磬ȻֶףȻһȺ֮
ҶԭҲ֪͵磬ȻĴͳðա
һ׻ʹѾ˦ѲʹɱȥЩʥͳͳƽ
׻ʵʵϳųеĴֱԲƽ׻ģһͳ£
ۻ۰˰֣ҡͷ޴죬һȺɨسţŪûͷٽֱ֮ȥЦʴ޿϶Ҫֱ𣬲ܼ֣֮˷ͷͨľ
ң׻Ҳû׻ʣһʹ򣬼Ѳʹ׻ʣʱ׻ʣҲֺáǿѹͷߣ޴˴θոճóΪһ֮۹£޳׻ʥʵķȻٱȺģ
׻ģһʶޣḶβʹĴۣ
ۻ۶˶٣Ŀɨ󻤷׻ʣ¹Ѳʹûע⵽ǵȥ򣿡
׻ʶһۣҡͷӦò֪Ϊ˦ˣҶ˼Ԧųǣʮ磬ϡͨѰǣӦò̫ѡٶ죬Ҳܽ˦ѣҲ˽սһʱ䡣
˲޺½㣬˳չơ۽֮ЩϹûһܹס϶Ҫ֮λ
ۻϸָñĿ³һ޳۾ûʶλʸˣû̫ʱ˷ѲʹϣȻˣǾȽͳͳɱɱѲʹȥȡһ磬зĸ

֮УޱߵĻӿ۱ۻɱڴˣһΪ𺣣ٳһʱգıͬʱҲΣأĴµĵơƣͬºŰķһͷͷΪǿĶħ
桢桢أųվʷǿĻʳʮ磬棬һλۡ
ʱȴһλѵޱ߻Уͬɮһ㣬׹֮ȥ
Ѿ֮ãΪҲȴǰ˲֪ٱף֮ص֮ˮ׳
ΪѾ𾳣޳𣬲֮Σأвᱻ۵ĵƺ˺飬µħͷ׺ޱȣ׻˵أҪ޵
ʮ̫˲ű֮ʤûһܹ߳棬׻ʶɥ
ܹڣǻף֮Ե⣬õԭ
оԼѾﵽ˼ޣ޷룬̽Ѱ۵֮ǰѾп׻ʰħͷɢħΪʵ϶ûء
ʱͻȻǰһɫ
Уˮһɹѹĵ
Ѫ
֮Ѫ
һֻྡǰܵĥͳͳɣɷЦѪȥ
֮Ѫ֮Ѫҵԭ㺬۵Ѫʵ̫΢ˣ޷ѪܣƬСеĵѪҳɾʥɾ׻ʣߵľ磬ͳͳڻ£
Ҷٱţҵ裬Ҫӱ

ϺޣҶվϿգֻӦڵԷ۳ءɽ͡󴨣޲Ϻޡ
ޱղǳսݻ˶֮һãĴ׻ϢѾʺϾסӦڵĨ׻Ϣ޲Ĵ½ٹãָԶٴλָ
飬ǵ۲ħʲʥصʥۻ۽˽֮ҲϢģһ˸ϵ˵أΪ޲ˡ
ֻӦڵ޲ⳡս׻µĴۣһҶҲò
ǵ۵ΪʵȻӦʦֲУħȻ׻ʣʵԶӦʦ֣ǵĵأӦʦֻҪѷɫ֪١
Ҷа̾Ӧڵħ֮˾ȴһƾ٣г֮ģȻ𾴡
ӦڵϺ޲ϣΪҲɫ԰ףԻָΪ漴Ȼʦܣ׻Ͼҵ֮أ縸ĸĸ֮ģбӻ֮ɲ
лʦֽ̻塣Ҷֵ
վҶԣ΢˿΢΢𣬺գ۾˵ĶԻڶУд˵ػ岻ѡ
ڴˣʦֵܶ˵ĶԻЦǴ۾ҪЦʶ˲
ΪӦڵҶٱ׻еѣǵѣǶǽ壬һӦħһҶħ񼫣ӯ֮
ħͷȻ˵⻰ʵŷ
ҶӦڵȴ̬֮·Դ쾭塣
ʦ֣ۻ۶˽٣ҲУ֪㽫˽٣мְգҶղǸǧһɱΣЩսûף̲סѯʵ
Ϊֵ˽ٲۻǰֲһԿ϶Ҳѷɫ١
Ӧڵ΢΢һЦΪ̫֪࣬Ҫɱңⳡ˽ٱҪ׻жȹ磬㲻õ׻Ͽɣ׻粻Ͽɣ಻Ͽɣ㲻֮£ȻΪ׻ʣкܳһʱڡ
ָζѾһ㣬ɾ׻ʣ񲻸һ
˭Ҷһѯʵ
ʱ֪
ӦڵЦǵ˵һȪʥڵĵ̣ǹʱҲ֪һȪʥڵĵ̣ô򵥣ʥеģһȪʥҲУʥеģʥȴûУ
Ҷ˼ͻȻЦʦ֣һнɽͼУѾûʲôáʦլʺʦУʤҰٱ
ȡĽɽͼӦڵЦһͼ֣УɽͼȪħڿԷʦһͳ磬Ҳûпܡ
Ӧڵӹɽͼݣʶױϧ֮½ʥ֮˵ȵıɽͼҶҡͷ´ͼã֮Ѿ㹻޳׻ʣɾ׻֮Ϊֿɲڴ˵أҪȥ׷ߵľ硣ɽͼҵУҲá˵һȪʥڵѾ㹻̫ͱֻ˵죬ʱ򲢷Ǹ
ʦܣͼãѰ㿴
ӦڵָɽͼһλãЦ±㳯˼֮
Ҷ˳ָȥͷһ


703 Ѯħ
ɽͼ׻ĵ׻һһľӳ䵽ͼУһһ֣ޱȣͼлżϹŵս׻ʵĹѨԼֵıء
˵ͼȻû˿ܣȴһֵ޷رȽʥļֵҪߡ
Ҷ˵һͼ֣Сֻû˿ӵдͼֻҪ̫ͳ׻ǳ顣
ҶȪħְλûȤοǳΪ׻֮
ѣûгư׻ĵĴ㣬Ӧڵ־Զ鵭ͬҲûнһʳĴ㣬Ȼޱȹأ˶ôϡ
һҰĲˣɽͼã²Ż޶ȵķӣΪһս
Ӧڵָķλڽɽͼʾһ¥¥Ҷһֱûע⵽·ͻȻ׻֮С
¥ģ·ɴڷƶ֮Уʱ֣ʱӽɽͼȥƺ¥Ŀռ伫ȶʱ뿪׻磬ȥΡ
ڵķλ̫棬ҲһϹżȻ桢ǰգҲһƵأΣء
¥죬ҵΦƺͬԴ
Ҷ΢¥¥һΦɳӭ졣Φ׷ݵ̤׻ԵʱԵ͸һų֮ױҶѰһΦ
Ŀǰ۽ʶ֪Φһ󴬵һСɲ֣ûжܡ
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ۣҶһǵһ˵֡
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صľױƷ׺ܵͣȻģ죬ǰҽ˵Ҫѷɫ֪ٱͬն
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׻ħΪײԲŻױܴ֮磬׻֮䣬أ̶̳ȣסħݵʮ򱶣
ܹ׻֮УȻڴ꣬ѹ׻ģħʴݵԵʣ˵صȻ̣ܹݽ׻ģҽϵĴףΪС


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һ佫ģ˻ʹЦӵд˴ʥӺʳԾ磬ӶĲƸʥӺʳ
ңΪؼǣӵ촬ҵǧ֮Ϊص硣УۼԶͥĲƸۺĸԼͥɣ޷ı
Ӻʳ˴Ѳǧ磬ǺεԵԦ˴磬ѹ֮ҲԽ˵õ۵Σ

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Ҷ΢΢һЦͬһֻӬһλΪʵ˸˻ʣ˭ңʲôˣ


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ȴ𾳴ףָĨɱ˻ʣ˶޷ܡ
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٤Ѿ޳˻ʣ֮ѪԾŽ״Ϊս񣬸ղ˲֪ٲѮħʵΪ˿̼ף㽫˶ײ

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ҽǰƷڽıڣܸ׷ӣӳ󣬶ֵʵ⵽ƣ٤Ϊʵ㲻ɽµĶ֣Ҳ⵽ѹ

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γɵ󣬴½֮ϣֻһߵӰϥ˶ͼ½һСȻһʥʵϢ۳Ӱ磡
ƣ
ɽ±һֻʥӰ̼Ԧ磬Ҷĵݺȥ
䣡
ʥӡݺײ֮ϣֻҶеһҲû޷ȶӡ
ɽ²¶һ˿֮ɫæең
ϷŪҷˣһٴΡ
Ҷޱ飬ֻ£ĵԽԽСࣵһ죬飬һ˿˿Ѫָл
ɽµԪط඼÷飬Ψڣ־ŭæԪ񣬻ָ޸ط࣬ȴԼ磬ҶС
Ҷޱ飬ٴսƣ󱬣Ͻ飬ȻǴһٴβŻס֣


707 
ס֣
֮ϣʥӺʳȺ־ŭҶֱӽɽ󱬣ɽΪ𣬴˻ʵΪ䣬ΪΪ𾳵Ĵף
գۼ䣬Ҷ㽫ɽ˶ʮΣ飬ʥӺʳ˵ֱܴ裬ԭ£
СӣǧٴΣҲΪʥӺʳȺ׷ʹȫΪ߶𴬣˶˻ʣӴ̽ҴӺ𴬵ܣȫӳ
ҽǰƷĽȻȲϽȫӳ𴬵ܣʥȫһ
գ֮ͬƵ˲Ϣ֮㽫Ҷ񡢷٤û

֮УͻȻһľȣһϼһſ̫ͬ׺ϼƵ飬ɡſʱ𴬵Ľƾ
ľҲǰƷĽӺ𴬲£ҶΪҪԶɽ£ԶЩʥӺʳȺЩ˻ʼһҲΪ
˿߶ȣɱ磬𴬵ıſ̱㽫ѹ£ڳ˵ΪҲ⵽ƣ
Ҷһֳɡֵ˻ʵĹһּɽ󱬣ݲȡ
˶֪˭ô
һ˻־ŭӺʵ̫ӣԴ׻綼ҪΪľٶ⵽֮
Ӻʱһͳ磬ǿ׻ʶӱµĵǲһСԴ£ˣ׻˶ˣ

Ҷţɽ£ɶĿɸڽ֮ϣЦȻгЦλ辪ţбڣɽ¡ѣ˴εõѵӦû࣬˵δһ¡
㣬㡭ɽ¸ո۳壬⻰ɫ䣬漴ٴαҶ󱬡
ɶЦ⣬ͷ΢΢ζĿ䣬ͬɲ⣬Ȼ˼Ҫɽµõô򵥣аɽҲʶ̫֮λĿܣʥӺʳδûһλŮʵۡ
ɽգۼֱҶʮΣΪѾ䵽𶼲ĳ̶ȣڲϵ֮С
ľ绹ڣ˻ʵľ磬ΪȴһһΣеʧ˻ʵľ磬ҲȻ
ѾҽϣԼĶɶϣæҶƻδ£ȵʥʾңսĪ죬ʳ꣬Ƕλȼݣ
ɶ⻰΢΢ü漴չüͷ֮У˻¶ϲɫ˿ٹҶ
ɽ¹ЦɭȻСӣˣҸսʡʣ׻ʣ˿̹ѾǣǵķܿҪһǧΣһΣ
룡
Ҷ΢΢ü顣٤Ѷλ׻ʵĽǵĴЩˡ
ҲЩ̴߶ͼĽƱ鲼Ϊǿڽ֮вؽƣλ׻ʵķһ
Ȼ֪˾ٶ׻ǵȲε˵޹ʹŬȡһ˿ᡣ
СӣɣڲüʥӺʳ׻ʽ٣㽫֮أһʥӺʳ˻ʽе
ľٶʵʥӺʳս׻磬Ҫ

׻ʵķһ磬Լܹ٣Ҷɽ£ѯʵ
٤ҡͷҲ֪ħʵһ˲併ٵ̻꣬Ϊ׻ħ֮ݱ׻ν֮ıݣҪ˲֪ٱǶ׻˵ͻƱݻѵʱӦò׻ʱܹΣǧ磬˵Ӧòʮѡ
ʦ֣ҵ˵׻ʸӦ٣һ֮УԽ٣һ磬޷Ӵᱻռˣֻӵ۷˻ʵķ
䣡
δ䣬֮еͻȻһͨᴩ磬洫ޱȿֲԵϢ漴ͨڽ֮У׻ְԵѹȸд
ʲô˵Ҷ
ޱϵӵһ֮ͨдſֲмһۻʣ漴׻ʵ쳣ǿĴڡ
׻ʵķȻǽ̲ޱǿ۷˻ʱѹƵý𴬲ܿƣӸ߿׹ȥ
䣡
׹أ̫ȺɽѹرҳһѺۡ
ţսĪڴˣ
һĸߴ࣬սĴ󺺻һɨ㽫᲼µؽĨĿ˲Ϣ֮ע⵽Ҷеɽ£һϰСȻʥӺʳ̫ӣ֪Ķϣ¶֣ʣɱɱ
һ׻ʷһĳģǿߣ΢Ц˭ɱһһСֻҳֻ֣һ³
Ϊۻģ׻һֻ֮еʥӺʳȺ׷׹ȥɨӣĿɶϣɶʵԶɽΪ㲻ֽɽ
ɶɫ΢䣬漴Ц绨ʣɽѣ˴ܴҲһ¡
Ʊ磡
ӺŭһЦ˼֪ܲһȻԼܵ϶˼
ȿȣλǲ٣Ҳǽ
ҶЦһŸƨѵΪʥӺʳĳã
սʹЦɭȻһ󵨵СĵɫܺãʵҲϧԱʣκ
ҶţеĽľͻȻһˢ׻ʵķ

ɫ΢䣬Ƚһˢŭ⣬ֻӵ۷˻ʵķȴûдױǰԵֿܣ
սҲɫæ˻ӵнʥʵҪԶ۷˻ʣȻҶʵһʥҪǿ֪٣ǿ۷˻ʵķ߷ԽʱȴЯǰ
ɶѽ𴬽ӺҲ־ŭ
ɶƬ̣ҶȻһˢ漴սҲûѣͬľȴɢзĨɱʶ
Ӻʱȣһʥ֮УҶײҶһɨȥ飬ʥӰ漴һȣӺʷͷ顣
ʣ׻ʵķڸһʱ䲻㱻ͳͳ򱬣
ɽ֮ɫתͷɶе㣬㻹ң
žžž
ɶƣ±ЦΪūţȷܲȻҸʺսʡʵķ״ɱɽܣǾ仰ҵūţ㲻
Ҷ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ˵ҪһٴΣǾʮŴΣֻһԻ鼫ˡ
ѵ㲻֣Ŀ۷㣬ĸԸūţɶĿЦ


708 ǿ촬
ɶŮҰĲոռӺʡսʡʵգʼնûнӺ𴬺ӡƿȨӺʺսʡʵķҶ򱬡
׻ʵķȻһôǿҲӵ۷˻ʵķӡʹӺ𴬵ƿȨʥǿߣҶҪǿϼѡ
ɶΥӺʵӦ˵ȷԼ̣ΪӺʿıǮ
ҶҲ棬Цĵҵȷ֪ҰƷĽ𴬣ղס촬ĽĻȷ㲻ϵôĵһǸղȡ촬ˡ
ɶЦ绨ʤѩһ˸оޣ׵µòȷ촬֪촬Ӧ֪ΪαʶΪʵаս۷Ϊū
ȻһͭСȻʥӺʳе촬Ƭ𣬷׷촬֮Уưܵ촬
ǧǧ¥ϣСɣʵȴΪӴȫ֮󣬿һյĴ½Ȼɲ촬ܣȴȴǰǿԽͨѪ
ɶ촬·ͣڲͬз֮Уʵƺʱƿݣʱȥ
촬Īǲ˼֮ѿһսҶ¶˼֮ɫѯʵ
ɶǳЦ֣ЦԸ㣬趯촬⿴֪Ϊеˡ
Ҷ΢߳𴬵ļװ֮ϣ٤ԼȮæܼ·ȥʱĿֻ࣬ǲ֪ʱѾ뿪̫棬һʱգɽ룬ϼɣ·󴨣йǧĺΰǳأ֪˶ʿзϢ
Ȼ׻磡
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գıȴҶЧҡ
ѾһˣȻвңν磬ûȤȤֻ촬Ȼǲ˵촬ôֻԶˣ
Ҷ֮е磬ͻȻһʱ佫ɽճɻҽǲҲûӡķգȴǳ׵׵
ѻǴ󷨣
ɽµĻǼ˲Ϣ֮㽫ɽµļȡһ飬΢΢ݣ촬ָơ
ԭؽĸ촬ǧ磬գѹԴԡ
Ҷж촬ɸֻ׻ʲܴǧ磡
Щݣ׻Ҳ޷򴩣׻ҲΡ
ձԶǧݺأǧ֮࣬촬ȴԴգﲻ˵ܣٶȣκ׻ʶҪۺ죡
ɱɽ¡
ʥӺʳǿߴ˴Ҷһƽɽ·ٻɻңȡǼ䣬˭ûϵȻô󵨣֪ɽʥӺʳ̫ӣ֪ʥӺʳͳİ֪׻ȴκκʹɱ֣
Сӣ֪Ƕô
һ˻ʲɱ˵£ӺʻжŭӵʮأҲֻ·һ
ϵ£Ҳû֮׻綼𡭡

ɶҲһ֮Ȼɽ£ֻΪ˽Ҷ֣֮ѹܵܣȫޣԼţȡ̫֮λ
һ£ɽ±Ҷ裬Ӻʡսʡʳ֣ûܽȳɶһֱȻɽ£Ҷ۷ΪūͣǺεȵҫ
ʱʥӺʳ֮Уӵ߽࣬ӺҲܳͷǲòǣǷҪΪ̫ӣ̳лʳ
Ҷ֮ȴ֮ϣ޼ɵʲô˶ɱʲô˶ҵ㽫ɽ³ĨɱǼ䶼ͳͳȡȣ
֮Уϵ£ûҶĳɱ֮ˡ
Ҷ˲Ϣ֮䣬ɽµмͳͳȡһ飬Ѱõļ䣬˵УǵӺʵ棬ҲɱҶĳɱˣӲԣ͵
ɶΪȷѾ˻кڣΪ׻֮Уܹˣֻһˣȷֵ԰ҶĳǰͷȴԵЩ
ɶɫһ
ҶΪȻһͳһĻʳۼ˺ԴһͷҲԳɾ˻׻ʡɾͣҵУʵڲʲôе촬ղһֱ̲¾Ϊ˼촬ɣ
˶٣촬ؽĸȷһ˲ı촬ĸһĽĸĽ㲻촬Ҳշġţԣ촬νǰʲôҲǣ
ȻôôԴ󣬿Ҫշ㣬ūţЩΣˣ
ɶЦҲɱ󶯣ЦΪū㣬㱾ǿнѹ¶ҪʳѰΨ˯бɱڱƱɱ㣡
֪Ůˡ
ҶҡͷʧЦͻȻ¥һΦɳЦȻ̵촬ұ촬һ֣Ѽ촬Ҳ㣬촬Уܷвң
ΦӦͬϢʱзɳ촬֮ϣ촬ϢʱŨһ֣
촬ȻɲܣѾԶͨĽ˺ݣڲ֮ͬ˸ȷһҶǰҲûм챦ؽĸ
ɶ־ϲЦȻ촬Ĳ֪֪촬ܣֻҪ˴𣬱˵ƷĽײ飡
ʤȯգЦͣһʥӺʳ˻ʼ״ʱЦ⻰ţղշ˴ʱҰƷĴӺ𴬣ײ÷飬еĸ˻ʣͳͳûѣ
Сӣ㽫ԼѼ촬ǸԼأ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͻȻһУֻ촬ͻȻɶԺĿռзɳҶ
ɶһæ߶촬ͻȻֻҶ񽻳ǸΦ֮дһϴȣһۻʴΦ߳촬
ۻʴۣԺγͥ磬عڣһ֣ʱɶ˻ʽ촬бƳ˲Ϣ֮㱻Ϊҽ
ɶ㲻ĸĽҶ촬ֻܹУ
Ҷʷƿ촬ֻ촬֮УҶʱֻһ촬д·ʱԴǧ磬صݣ˵ֽͬһ㣬־ϲõ˴׻ʶҲ޿κΣ
ɶ㻹ʲôԣ


709 ҵ
ɶ־ŭ֪Ҷ͸Φǲ⣬ǽԼһΦ֮УΦ촬϶Ϊһʱ촬ƿȨ
ûϵһ㣬ǶԼʵţΪǿᣬѾ촬һ˳ǳΪ࣬޷ߣȴû뵽Ҷϸʴ۾
ʳ磬ĸ֮ӣϸʴ۾Ӱӣֽ衣
ϸʴ۾ȻؽĸĽ촬ȴװ쵽
ɶ߳һӡȻţһƬ½Է裬漴һ׻ʵɳӡ֮ϣܴ߷ĵ󣿸㣬ƿһĽӵһ׻⻯
ͬʱ߶𴬣ѹˣͼͳͳ壬ȵһһ׻һƷѹ㣬εֵ
νͼذ촬Ҷ׶ȡ֪ٲʹҲ޷κҶ
촬ٶ˫⴩ݣ紩󣬾׻ʶ޷׷촬Ҷʱ䣬˴ȫҶƱػȥ磬׻ʶ޷
Τ飬һϣˣ
ʥӺʳ˻ԣ̱ᡢ٤Ȯȥ
ɶĿ֪ҶʵΪޱȸ˾ԼҶ˽ãҶͶԷ˵Ҷʹͷ

Ҷһ˲ó׼촬¥ڿգһ׻¥зɳÿһ׻һ󶦣Ǿ½һӡ֮ϣ
ӡ⵽Ŷ;Ŵħ׻ʵѹȻ׹£Ҳ뷢ӳǴӺ𴬣Ҳѹƣ
ᣬӡ˵أҪκһѣ
٤ޣХ죬ʥӺ֣ͳͳϾɱһ
̼ͼֻգɳ𴬵ı磬ſַԲƽƽƷɳʱ佫ͳͳӡʧ
ͬʱ٤Ц߶ףɱ䣬Ƚ˻֮С
ȮǿֲԶžޣһڽһ˻ҧ꣬漴񡢴ޣ˻֮ݺᣬҲ֣ͬʱ֣һ˻ʱгȥ
Ҷûв֣٤ȮΪ˻ʣһ٤޻壬һԶžеİԶ˻ʣӵ챦Ȼʥһ˻ʻҪǿࡣ
⼸һһ浹ɱҶǿڶ࣬һˣͬʥƸһʥػҪֲ٤ȮװݣսɱʥӺʳЩŵ˻Ҫ׺֪ٱ
Ȼûвսͼܷӡ֣㲻սɵľ޴ƻʥӺʳǿ߷֡
ɶνĵǰһЦ
Ҷһħ׻ʵͷЦҶĳһֻһūţһα㹻ˡһұģ˭ūұɱ˭ҲҪɱԺӺʵˣνӺʣνķʡսʣܷоȵ㣡
ɶɫ΢䣬ͻȻЦѾýƬռūҺǣҲӦūֺαضһ٣
Ȼı䣬ԭ緢Գơ˿̸ĳɡūҡԽݣңԭӢˬɱ֮һɨգЩģȸղŸӶˣ˿һ̲ס
ʰٱ䣬Ӹ߹ӺݵĹһ˲ΪȴСá
ūıǿߣ˸ֶͣΰٳūȻĶ۷Ȼū޷۷㣬Ϊūôūֻūˡ
˿ԳЦˣ֣ūҳΪӺʣͳڤ磬ūұһͳһ׻ģΪ׻Ĺ
ſԼ٣Ҷƺ鶯Цõūҵˣūһ㣬רĸƻ棿ʱͳ磬һ£
ɶˣ˵Ķ
Ҷ΢ЦĶɱ˿ԸģüѪͷ­أƽϢ֮ŭ
ɶȥҵ
ɶ⻰ɫ䣬ٺˣһţ߳忪ƣһֻ죬ᣬͬʱһָָֻ̽ͼµĴ˺ȥ
ķӦ֮˾ңȴҶղǾ仰˼֪Ҷ޷ģ޷ı䣬ԼҪԵˣһ͵½УѲƸǰ޷ıˣ
ҵ
ܹ˵ֻˣľѾ׻ʵľ磬棬ظҷһ˿Զҡ
ľضҲػҲľҪɶֻ׻ϲżľ
ӵľˣһⶼǿߣеǰˣѹȥܶԷǵľɫŮӣǻ׹ݣ׻ʣͳͳ飬ɱɱ
ֻҵ
ڷУ϶һ߻ħ̬֪ͨɶ˻ʵȴÿֲÿ¡
ֻӵ̬׵۷壬ƻ棬Ϊ׻ʣʥʣߵľ磡
Ҷ˵⻰ʱ֪Լֻһ·ߣΪԼ˵ʲôҶĶ޷ҡ׳ʲôջ󣬶ܸı⡣
ɱһ׻ʡʥվǰͬҲһȥ
ɶҲǺֶΣᣬΧκԵ⣬ʹҶȥȷᣬӶѵϣ

ҶͻȻǰ죬һƸ£ɶ˺ƺͼƣæ˼ֱ̧㵲
꣡
۷ظ죬۶ϣҶץסͷ
Ҷһֻ̽һֱֻ׽סŤ黨
ɶʹŤԺȻ磬ʥֻʥ˫Ŀͬ£Ȼ̽һֻ֣һȭҶ
ɶţսʶϣѷɫǧ򱶣˵ʵңҸߣҲֻҵУ
ҶӶͻȻ첻ϴգۼҸ±ֱֻ֪ۣץסɶ˫ۼͷʮֻƻӡɶؿڣһ˲㹥ӡ
ȴڴʱʥȭͷں䵽Ҷţֻһ죬ʥ֮ȭȻ飬ҶȴɰȻ
Ѿ޽ӽ׻ʣƷĽˣɶʹֻһ׷Ȼ޷
䣡
ɶԪطͳͳѣ˻ʽҲ飡
ĲͻȻգʧ漴ǧϼˢˢĲҲûѣ
ɶɽƣϨˣ
ʥӺʳĻʹͻȻһ춯صŭ𣺡˭ɱҶŮҪ㸶Ĵۣ


710 ɱ
ƣֽԪ֮ƣһЩǿʥسõһֶΣȡҪԪϢƳɵƣڵ֮С
ʿԪ֮ƱϨʿţƳ
ʥӺʳĻʹ֮УȻɶɽ¶˵Ԫ֮ƣ˿˵Ԫ֮Ϩĺ䶯εȾ޴
ӺʲϲŮɫλǧʱ䣬ǧʱ䣬ȺȰ˵£ԼãΪɫɽ
صĶŮͳͳӺеŭ֪
Ƭ̣ս뷨ʱѶӺʡ
£ɱλµıȻǽ֮Уҵ֮ˣǰɽºҵȣӦò磬ֻ۷˻ʷ٣λ¡
ʳʱĵطޱߵĲѮħƺǺħ򡣡
սʵͷɽλ´˴μҴҳţʥӺ֮еȡ촬ĲƬӦǷ촬ټ촬ƬϢ촬ӶȡұĪλµ˺ħ򣬲ħֵĶ֣
΢΢ü촬ؽĸҴӺ𴬶ԲƬϵĹݽɣ˴⴩գȥ١Գ֮촬ʻħķΧ⵽ħǿ߻ɱʱǸСߣȷվһ٤޻˻ʣȷǺħĸɣ
ħ򡭡
ӺһЦֻǸСӹʲ󣬹ΪԺħ򣬲ȴޣħУû壬ߣȴŮӣһͷԶžޣħս̫С޵ǻˡ˶Ȼһףҵ죬Ҵ˿Ѿڤ֮У
սһһۡ
Ӻʵĵ̫ɱɶɽȻͼռӡӡƣ޵һ߽ޱϢӦ
ȻĿ䣬ԶɭȻ׻һŭʬ֮һŭ죡ɱ֮Ů޲ҪɱҪڵ磬ͳͳɱЩˣͳͳΪ޵ɶɽᣡ
£ʴ˿Сںδʼæѯʵ
ӺʳһʮҶڵķλȥսæϡ
ͻȻӺһͣ½ŲĿϸϸӦӡķλͻȻɫ΢䣬¶һ˿ݡ
ڸղţӡĸӦͻȻʧʧȥҶټ
Ȼܹӡ֮ϵϿ϶һرȻ֮УǾӳ޵ģ
ŭ˼㣬ɱŮǸȻ֮ȻӡĸӦʱӡ޴ѰԷ׼ȷλá
ʥӺǣ
ӺһͻȻһ޴ʥӺʳĻʹ֮зɳλ׻Ͽգͬһ˶
һʥӺʳĿ׻ϣɽĿҶĽɽͼ֮ͬͬһͳر
ͬǣɽͼ׻ĵҲ֮еĻͼϹ׻磬׻ĴС䶯һһľͳͳӳͼУֱۡ
ʥӺע㣬һһ
֮⣬ﻹһ֮ͬɽͼûκʥӺһӵޱȵܣֻҪڻݳڵķλֱӴ߶ǣֱܱӽ٣Էɱ
ӺͷһɹɾȻ֮УֻʥӺĵɽ̻һƬ磬ʼݣһ״޴ıֶ
ͻȻֳһҽ𴬣һ涸Ȼ֣ԽԽȴҶɱɶΡ
磬ûܹ޵ĶĿ
Ӻһ߶ʥӺǣֻҶŴħ׻߶Ŷӡѹ漴ɶɱ
ӺɫݲͣȴҶɱɶ֮٤ȮҲʥӺʳĸɱɾ˻ʵĽȮķȡ֮ǿܣ˻ʵ٤ȮԻɡ
ôĵӡսʺͷʣ⸱ΣҲ̲ס֮ŭŭ졣
ʥӺ֮ϵӰڼҶɱɶ֮󣬽Ӻȡ漴һ¯¯֮һֻ̫ȼգֻӡӺͳͳͶ¯֮Уû̫
ԭ¯ѹ޵ӡ
Ӻޱ飬ֵֻĻУҶֽɶ׻һŮ˵˼仰Ůһͼ״Ľ⼸˵뿪ԭλãȥ
ڿȷЩϵټˣսĿ촽ҧгݵ
ȴڴʱʥӺУŮͻȻ̧ͷӺʺսʡ˿ӺһֻŮĿģԨƺܹ͸ʥӺǿˣ
֮ͫУȻֳķģķţƺҲʲô
ͻȻϸ׵ֻһŻչסʥӺǵĻ棬Ƕʱٴλ磬ûҶ˵ټ
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ӺʶŭЦɭȻŮϣȻҲһĽ˿ǵλã˲Ž˱Ϊ㣬޵Ҫ׻Ƿܽλ׻ͳͳɱΣ
ʺսԣ̶֣λ׻ϥ£ͷһʥӺУֻеĻ羰󽥽䵭ģģӰٴγ֡
ӰȴģһԾʱҶ˵Ӱʱȴ˵ϣżֳӺ˵Ӱ
Ƿͼ̺ͼܣɱʥӺǵУ
ʦ֣ҵΪ޷֧Ŷãᱻ׻ʾ쵽ǵټ
Ҷߣü΢ԵЩҪֻɱǼ˵ˣǵĲ໹ֲֻ̫ܼʱʱ䣬ľΪ
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Ҷһ£΢ЦСʱ㹻ˡᣬ߶ͣǼֲסҲǿǼԦ촬ֱ뿪˵ؾˡ
٤λ׻ǵټֻͷ˼֣ûƬһƬƬ𣬶Լλ׻ʱܽ٣ɱҪȥ
ȮҲëȻ׻ʶסƹҲǰ֡
׻ʱɱȴͥŲѾǿԴ󣬷
ҪȥĵطȻʥӺʳĻʳǣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦԶֻһΰ޳ǳǵǰ޳ǹӲɣӦʷǽѪ߲Ȼ˵ս֪жǿɥڴˡ
ʥӺʳ׻ʣ˿̲ڻʳ֮͵
˫Ŀ˸Цûϴʳ۵ĲƸǱ


711 ݿ
ϴʥӺʳ
٤Ȯ⻰̽ԭĵ֮Ժ˷ܵս
ϴһʳĲƸ飬Ҵǰ붼ûֻôϴһʥضѣҲûжû뵽ҪʵˣҴ
٤ݹЦλ׻ʻѰǵټȴû뵽ѾɱǵϳʥӺʳĲƸѹһգϼһ֮󣬷Ѽıͳͳûˣ϶Ѫ˵
һͳһ֮õĻʳ֮иûжĲƸ
Ȯ۾ֱˣצһɽҰӣԲӣвĹͷ϶в֪ٸ׻ʵĹͷ˵ʥʵĹͷʥʵĹͷһнͷ
ûϢ
٤һۣЦȻǲУ˵׻ʵļͷȻͷ㲻ˣԶٱԶ١
ߣߣʥӺʳı⣬ͳͳϴˣȮüЦǰȥ
ҶҡͷʧЦʥӺʳĻʳǱƽ
ʳܣаͬأﹲӡһľŽ״ڻʳϿգԻʳĳ־۳ʥӺʳĲ־һͷβ׺
־档
ǶԲ־дգ
ͷβ׺ɢϢ׻ҶԱԼĲ־桢ͷβ׺ȴҪѷһҲʹǰ鶯
ΪʥӺʳ꣬ʷ̴ƾãʥӺʳĹˣҲԶ̴Ĳ¡Եʡ
֮䣬ҪѷɫһΪĻʳ̻ʳʢԵʡ
ҶоĲ־࣬Բ־˽⣬ȻصųƲĲֻҪΪ㹻ǿᣬȫĥ𹹽־ĥ
۱ն˫㣬ͷԶҲ޷˫㣬޷ءǹĿʦµʥʷҲ˯
ԶԶɨ˾β׺һۣ漴ʳǣֱʥӺʳıȥ
Ҷȡɽµļ䣬ʥӺʳĲرָ֮ƣӺʶɽµϲȻҪɶ֮ϣɽŴν⣬ɶûִҲѹɶҰĲŮۻġ
ʥӺʳı⣬ǿʵ۲ɼһʮƬγɵؾƶɣⱾһ
ͳһ֮õĻʳ⣬Ҵľϲ
ҶֱӴʹǰЦڴ
ʲôˣ
ǻʳصأκԴɱۣ
ʥӺʳǰһɹǿϢػ˻ʼǿ߶Ȼ٤Цһһ˻м䣬βͬɨʱһ˻ʴ̴β֮ϣѪ
˫չ۹ǵһ˻ʹȥȴֳֹײĸǣһ£һ˻ұ⡣
ͷף޹׺ֱײһ˻ѹ÷ǣľ򿪣ֽһ˻֮УνǺаԵ
٤Ҷһʱ䣬սҵõ֮ѪϴӵŽ״ղѮħʵ֮죬ԼЩĿ࣬˻ʥٶȶҪѸͣ
Ͼ׻˻ʡʥ־磬ٻսƴɱνţ߸ϡ
٤ԴӸҶߣȴսϣĥսзٳɳΪƿη
𡪡
ʳ֮УȻһͷľȮϸſһ𣬶ʱ
ʳʥӺʳĿʱ˻֮ש׻֮ѪǳأޱȣͷȮһŭ𣬱鲻֪ٹƻ֮ǿ˷˼
ԶžͬȺβһɨ㽫˻ɨɣ̧צһģ㽫ĳ⽴
ͬʱ޷˻֮ܺ嫣ǷУһ˻ʽݶ׷裬һʥӺ˻ǿ߹ȥ
٤Ϊ죬ȮͷԶž޵Ľ죬Զ֣ڻ˲֪ҩҩһθڱ٤ҪҪõĳԻѾ꣬Ϊɳ˻ʣһƤë۷˻ʻҪǿ
ңķɱԽ࣬ԽǿԷط˻ʽɣΪƥ
ˣ󣬾ȻڻʳǷ
ͻȻһޱȲҵϢֻһƽսХײͷ˻ʼľս٤ѹȥ
ƽս֮УһӲ׵Ĵݣվս֮ϣƣǧ޳飬Цһ̽ȥݺץȮɭȻǵһ˵ڻʳ£ͳͳȥ
սǰҲ֮̽ͷצ׷٤ȥ
ǰͳ죬˷Ͻˣ֪˭־ϲ
˷Ͻ۷˻ʣսһսһٽɱЩҳʳǵ棡
ǰͳ˷ʵȷ׻ʥ֮УΪʵǰһǿ
սѹ٤ֻ޷˷֮̽ȮҲжѡ
գ
һҪһ٤ȮͳͳУͻȻһ䣬ֻħ󳪣а裬ҵػһƬ𺣣һ֮У˵ת֮
һֻȭͷӰ˵з΢ײǶϽۣһȭһս֮ϣһȭҷɣ˷Ϣ𶯣һѪӿϺѪ
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ֻȭͷ׷սͻȻſһ£ͬһѿ޸ݺ£һصľֳ־޸ٵأ
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һսڣ˷üĶȻѿԪط࣬˻ʽͳͳһѳ룡
䣡
սײʥӺ֮ͭϣͬöͭӣﲻ
ŭһָ̻Ԫط࣬ȴڴʱֻһľȺХضս֮С
ľͬɡһ㣬ſϼְ֮תеһУͳͳ飡
ľȺХɻأҶУͬɡһס⡣
ҶһֳɡŲһ򱦿ȥʥӺʳӿֻϼ֮ɡɢȥ糵תһǿ˺ѽ飡
սˣ
٤Цһףһսѹ漴ǰһȭͭźȥ
ۣ
֮ͭϣתһȭ֮Ϥ
٤һҪͭţҶͻȻչ֣а֮ٴһƺݺݺ֮ͭϣֻһ죬ķѣ¶ı⣡
ʥӺ⣬ڴ򿪡
ʥӺʳռѹΰĲƸ˿ͳͳǵǰ
ڴʱʥӺʳĲ־ͷ׻ʵľβ׺ھѣ˫ĿĿҶɨȥ


712 ϴɰ׵
β׺ĿҶϣҶֻƺѵӺݺݴͷ׺ӵ׻ʵķѾԼԼ׻֮
ʵޱǿֻǱ׻ѷһΪ־γɵ飬޷׻ʵľ磬ˣҲҶܿ⣡
ӵķޱΣգȰʹҪΣգ
ȻУһߣֻǹʦʥʷ֣֮ʵǴȫʢ״̬צӱȥػۻ۶ȹ׻˽ʱƬ
ȻǵΪҪȾβ׺ǿᣬǲͷ׺ȴ־
ң־ΣյĵطǲϿԳϣ㽫Ǵݻ٣Ҳ׸дݻ־ֶΣܽ
Ҷͷȥֻ֮ѩһƬİɫ֮УͻȻֻſֻʮ۾ͬ£·ۣ֮Ķˡ
ߣ
Ҷɷ˵̾ˣʥӺ֮С
ղҶɱرǿߣвˣݿһ㣬ڼ䲻㽫ɱһգͷβ׺֣Ҷ֪вĻǶڴˣ
֮УǰȻһʱգͬ۵ıĹ죬һһ㣬ͨ
вֵ챦ɽĿǰһ˻֮ͬƯڰе½أɢһɹɻɬ¶
һĲƸѾԶһʥأ¶۹ʼҵڲͬǣ
䣡
׺βͻȻ𣬴ӵܳХ׷Ҷټ뱦ţҶ˺ݺɨȥ
ǹɰķȵҶ˲Ϣ֮ов
ǼʥӺʳ׻ʲ۶Ҳû˵ǵԭ򣬽ͷ׺൱һλ׻ʵʵ
ľȣ
ҶŭȻתֳʮͷʮۣץסľȣɨľѩ׺βݺȥ
ʥӺ֮УʱޱߵĲҶβ׺ֵನͬˣſղصҩ˻֮ϧϣͳͳɨպ֮У
أ
ľȷһظ죬ľ̫֮
Ʒױβ׺βײУ׷飬׻ʰǿķȻǿԴݻٰƷĲΣ
βֻ裬漴Ҷ˳ȥβѹ
Ҷһֻеľ̫֮糱ӵӿĿУΪһǣ
ľȶ˵൱ڴ֮ĴڣսľľΪǣһֱҶ̴ȶԵУûսľľ˿̼Ȼľȱ٣ЩľҲ˷ѡ
˶Ľľһ˲仯ΪΪɲǼΪﵽԪ۷壡
Ԫ಻𣡡
Ҷͷ¥Ȼ֣԰ټƵɹӵ壬ĵΪ˳أɹ̲صӴܣһط಻ľ磡
ɹޱȣһɵڷ嵴ҶϢƮ죬ͬ˸
벻գ
Ҷ񱬺ȣʮʩչӡˣɲǼ뱦ݣβƣͬʱ¥סˣƶͺͬͰɽ
β׺βͺݺɨ£¥ͱ𶯲ݣľ޴ѹݵҶʱʮӡݵʥӺһĿռ֮С
Ƭ嫿ռһƬƬ˲Ϣ֮㳹ױޣıͳͳβ׺Ӵ飡

¥µ֮ͺ飬ҶĲӡʱ֧ţһֱըѪ
Ȼ޽ӽ׻ʵϾЩ࣬޷β׺Ѿ޳׻֮Ĳ־
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Ҷһʱ޸Ԫط࣬Ŀһ̫ӡ䣬һѩ׵ĺβͳͳն䣡
βɽ֮Уһ漴֮⴫һ˻
Ҷ³һȡɽֱ̳ʥӺڶȥ£ԿʥӺʳĲ־β׺νʹ˻ֱľȶݻ٣ãԪط඼飡
ʱȡľ¾綼ᱻ䣡
ͷβ׺׻ʻѷһʥӺʳ׻ҳֻ֣һУұ᳹ʬ޴棡
ֲʵ̫Ҷҿ϶ԼǼ̫¯ʥǽŶһ¶Կ׻ʵһаʽ
ѹӦʦֺǵ۶ǿᣬħʻҪ˵ǳϣȷʵˡûгΪ׻ʣΪٸߣϣ
֮⣬λ׺ҽľβͱնϣʼ޷ָѶʥӺʳǿĪ
־֮ԲΪǱ飬Ҳ׻ָ壬ʥӺʳͷβ׺ҶնϾβȴûеָ̬
ѵʥӺ֮еһ׻ʥʣʧ
ȴ֪ɽĹ뵱ȻͬɵĹɵ磬֮УֻҶ¥ԼȱŲ⵽ɽĿơ
β׺βͱҶնϣɽ֮У޷ջأȻ޷ָȫʢ״̬ѹЩҪ׻ʻʥʳ֡
뱦еˣޱȣ̺ºսʡʣλ׻ʳ֣
һΪ޽ӽ׻ʵسȵһ뱦⣬ˣñºսʷܹʱϵ
һӵ룬ͷβ׺ԥһ£˿ԼβͣûиŽ뱦⡣ԶɣѾҶгԸҶĸη塣
öľŽ״
ʥӺڶ㣬٤˿ǰľ󣬶ʱֻͣƬ嫿ռ֮УǾŽ״һɫХڣݺȥ֮ȼɢĴ֮һƬɫ󣬹޼ʣЩɫڴ֮зһˣ
ľŽ״ûһǧҲа˾Ű֮࣬˷ָ
еĴ֮࣬Ҷ˻Ѱʱȡʮֱ˵΢
ʥӺʳѰѹεľŽ״ͳͳۼڴˣ
ڤȻ׻شﲩҲͬСɡ
ˣͳͳˣ
ҶһѪ̵ĿЩ԰ף漴ָ󣬵¥һ㣬һѹǿȡᣬǼȻѾʥӺ⣬޷ʥӺʳ׻ʣɱһ֣˵ϴɰ׵أëҲ£


713 ϴ
ԣֹͣ߶ͼɱתͼЩŽ״ȥͬʱ٤ҲĿףϽһŽ״С
ȮֱӣԶžޣſѪشڣһŽ״ɡ
֣ҲûҶһȡĶ࣬Ҷ¥ͱֱ޵׶գԽԽ󣬸߲ͬյĴ½һס𣬷׷Ͷ¥֮С
Ž״ӵп˻ʵܣǰ޸֮Ӥѹ
֮䣬е֮γɵ󺣣ͳͳѹθɾ漴ʥӺ㣡
ʥӺĲƸӾˣһҽ𴬣һƷⱦϼɣֱһر⣬ŵĺȻȫǰƷĽӺ֮࣬ȫ齨һӴĽӣ棡
ЩǷ촬̲һ촬Ķ켼ɣʥӺʳܹɽʿ촬ĲƬݳһֵؽЩɰƷ
ӵн𴬣׻ʵʵԴݣԾȥٶȺʹ͸촬ˡ
ȻʥӺʳҰĲͳһط뽫ʥӺĴ磬ȥռǿգ
ҪȡЩƷĽǳѣΪƷܺ嫣Щɢܺ͹κһ۷˻æң
ƷȻĽ֮ܳƵϰƷҪôѾӵԶĲϣǷȱ׻ʽҪôӵ׻ʽûгĲϡ
ӺȻǵһʳռһ磬ӵеĲ㹻첻֪ٽϧûؽ
ôıôȡ٤һƬãȻǷҲЩ֪롣
ı̫ˣ˰ʮҽ֮⣬ƷֵİƷ׻УԽһӴʥеӣͳͳװݣ
ǵ֪У׻ûĸʥؿӵȵĲƸȵԴ˻ֺı⡣
ֻ׻ʷϵʳ۵ĲƸʥӺʳ
ĲƸ࣬׻ս𲻶ϣÿһӴʳ串𣬲֪ٱսб٣ıﱦ⣬һؾżʧʷĺ֮Уȴȥ
ûκһ˵˵ԼѾ׻ؾż̽һ飬Ҷӵнɽͼ챦Ҳ˵ԼܹѰؾż
һȡЩƷʵ鷳
ҶЩƷĳҡͻȻһ촬
ֻһͭŴ¥зɳٱգۼͬһյľʹ½٤˷׷촬֮ϣվҶ
촬ҶУɶе󣬽Ȼͬ
ɶû绪ؽҶõʱ⣬ʵĽݳϸʴ۾
Ž֮ȴ̺˻ؽĸּ𣬴߶촬νǵӦ֡
촬ԭ˴߶ʱײӺ𴬣ЩȻĿã˿촬ȻãϾ촬ƬֱҶϸʴ۾߶֮ǿֱ׷ǵۼǹۻʱǸֲľ
꣡
һҴӺֱӱ飬۷˻ʽѣһԫϱں˻ʾХڣ촬ǣӵӿ촬֮ڡ
ϱȻ飬뵽촬֮У޲õ촬
꣬첻ڶһҴӺ𴬲촬ѹ촷ۣĲӿ촬֮У촬
Ҷо촬һԭѾĴڣ˿̼ȡЩӺ֮е۷˻ʽľƺڻĸ֮С
Ӧؽĸ촬еķؽĸѲǧʱ˻ɱ촬Ҳ˴飬˵촬ĸĽҲ⵽ǰδеش
˿̣˴Ӻ۷˻ʽľ̲ؽĸķȴ촬ԽԽǿ
촬ܣԭԶԶҶľ󲿷ֽǹ󶼲ѷɫ˿ؽĸĽգȴ촬ֱӳǹﵽʥĲΣ
һ㣬ҶԼûϵ
ԭΪ촬ֻһƷ׼ߵĽȴ֪ԼǰĲ²ô
컯컯ؽĸ촬ʥܻᳬԽʥ
촬ﵽʥļҶ߶Щ촬·ԼʶʶЩӺ𴬶ԼΪ棬ЩӺѹȥԷɣ
ûãĴӺ𴬱㱻ͳͳ飬İƷҲв֪ټ⵽ѹƬ
Щ촬ȴ˿ҲգྫͲϹ糱٤Ȯϲ⣬ȡЩϺ;Ŷ챦
ѹ־˵һʳĲƸʿһͷҲ׻ʣ
٤üЦô۷˻ʾҶһԾΪ۷˻ʣǶ֣ЩŽ״ҶԳΪ׻ʣһ
˵ľûЩ۷˻ʾΪ֮Կʥ׻֮УûжʥЩƽ֮ߣ۷˻ʽǰƷ
׻ʵľ磬Խﳹ׵ɽԼĽ
ֲ׻֮Уֻȼ˲ܰ쵽Ҳ޹٤˷ܡ
̿ЦʥӺʳ׻ʣûôݳޣƷе۷˻ʽľΪֱʣûĸʳôƴ֡
˵û۽ǰƷΪһʥصĸЩĿĽΪеľΪʥӺʳȵȻҲ޷ְܼΪ
ǴǰҶҲȻݳ˷ѣʥӺеױ֮ȡǱʵУܴߵĵȻҪͳͳߣܴߵıͳͳ飡
ȥһ㣡
ʥӺĵѾգֻƷ촬ѹҶ񵱼⼸֮Ԧ촬Ĳ㡣
죬졭
ʥӺʳǿߴ˿Ѿ뱦һڶ㣬ۿȥֻ֮пտҲëҲû£ʥӺʳ۰ĲƸͳͳϴһգʧޡ
ʥӺʳ·ħ񣬾Ȼ˴١
ϴʥӺʳԣ׽ҪʬΣʥ֮ŭ
ߣҪֹʥӺеıһһҪһǴŴӺ𴬺Ʒ֮һȻʵ֣

ǳ뱦㣬ɳ״ֻͣҲϴһ飬ǰ㻹Ҫҵ
ȻʵҲҪͳͳ£
Щ֮У۷˻ʣһѾӦڵǵǵȲΣ˿ѣХĲ㡣


714 Ϯ
ʥӺĲ㣬ʥӺʳ˸ոմһҾ޴촬ڵĲռʻ졣
촬ԵûȻһ£ǰǰõģ촬֮ϣŰ˵޴Ĺ½֣а𣬺ҵ𣬸·ħħ½ģ½ģڽ֮תݡ
ڰ˵֮УƯΡĹڣƮ죬һƬɽкӣ԰һ޴ţ칬ǰ
һּΪǿĽڰ˵ݻԶͥ߶촬
ʥӺʳʵ۵˿ֻʣһ
ʥӺʳԿоλʵۣ׻ʣӺڣʵһʥʣûдڴ˴Ĺ֮С
˵عλȻȻһȡ׷ʥӺʳѣ
ʥӺʳʷһ⵽Ĵ٣ڵ°ߣν޴棡
׻ǿޱȣҲκ˶׽ȡΪǿᵽ۷˻ʵľҲɣ˻δߵ׻ǰᱻѹС׻ֻԽԽԶ
Ҫȡ׻ӵп׻ϢΪ߽֮ı׻ϢӰ죬пܳɹ
Ҳ˵Яʥпȡ׻ûЯͨʥ޿κΣ
촬ǱȽҪǿıﵽʥʥӺʳȻʵɢϢ촬Ӱ΢΢
ֻ촬ʻȻͻȻ̽һֻ֣һ̣㽫Ȼ봬С
λȻʵͳͳȡˣܷŹ
ҪȥһˣһʥӺʳȻƵĽȥ
Ӻʱºսʡôûٲ٣ʥӺʳ۵ĲƸͳͳҪɨһˣ

촬˾ĿУԳʥӺĵ㣬ǵٶȣ޷׷ҿϴ죬ʮص촬
Ӻʱºսʡûн٣˭׷촬־ŭͬʱоľȻʥӺʳΪǿ촬һܹ׷
ȴ֪ʥӺ֮ԴʥӺʳĲƸȴΪ˵һƬγɵؾĿռޱȶ
ʥӺʳĿʵۣλʥʵ׻ʣֱ˺գ뱦֮УǱеĲƸͳͳҪУ˽ƬؾΧӹֱ̣ӽٴ˵أ׻ʣҲ޷˺գֱӽ뱦֮С
˾٣ӶϾ׻͵еıĿܣҲ˶ϾӺʡսʺͷֱӴ罵ٵ˵صĿܡ
׻֮УҲƵΣȪħڣҲѰһؾؾɡ
ʥأҲиԵıʥķκ˶׽ؾ֮УЩʥʦ嶼Ҫ´ң
Ҷոս㣬оޱȳصĽϢѹ£ʥӺռ֮УƯһ½ްСĽÿһɢļ¶ҪԶɶӡ
⸱Σ׳ޱȣ׻Ҫޱȵ𺳣
ʮ
٤Ȯ۾ʱֱˣˮֱͬٲһ㣬ֱĿЩʧʥӺʳĻʵۣʦôȻôĽ
ҶҲݣʮÿһܶǿԶӡʥӺʳӦòֹʮӦûĽڳسӺʵ׻ʵС
٤еƽս֮һ
ǻƽսӡΪСĽԶǰĽǿ
ĺöóһ׻ʥصĽ⣡
ˣ
ͻȻһϢͻȻŨ˲֪ٱڷٸ֮УָٶȣһɾǿķͻȻע֮С
ͬһ˲䣬ʼգ嫵ǵأļľ
Ӻʡսʺͷʣˣ
ҶһĿɨ漴ҲһۣȻ߶촬Хʮ֮䴩ֱʥӺһȥ
ãҲҪȡ׻ңң߶׸գ촬ҲȫˣҶϷȡͷֱһ㣬㿪Ĺ
ôĵӣ
һϵͻȻʥӺĵһռдķŭٶȼ죬һ仰˵꣬ڶ㣬һֵ˵㣬ޱȣҶ˵ĶС
ɱһһŮ֮󣬾Ȼͣ磬죬ʥӺ⣬ϴʥӺʳ۵ĲƸò˵ĵɫˡ
ѾĲ㣬Ҷ߹УΪҲѰ·ȥı޻һ³ѹεĸ࣡
䣡
һȳ׸գĽɲǼ佫ʱû񱩵Ľʱһգֱ촬ȥ
ٶҲһ˲ǿ
ȵۻ۶˽ʱǧһǸλҪֲӦڵǿ濹⣬ҲֵסһУ
Ҷ磬׸ǰһ̱߶촬㣬㿪ȫһ
٤ȮΣŵôԭأþòҶҶ⸱ֲҲͷƤ飬һҧЦ뻢ѨɵûӣȻ׻ѾˣǾͻڰǱƴٶȣӺʱĺ㣬Щʲô
һ֮󣬽ƾþòƽϢͻȻֻӰ̤ޱ߽ƣ˵ٶȼ죬һʮӰһ̱֮
ʱսʡʣӺʣ˵ɫ̫ÿ
Ϊ߶ʥӺǣҶڷλʱȴûϵҶѾɱǵϳ˻ʳı⣡
ʥӺʳĸֺ֮ʱѾݳҶλãϣҶڴѹαеı
Ӻʵʱŭģһ׻֮ѪѣĿѪü
Ǹϵ˵ʱҶѾǰĲѹһգڵûб֣Ӻʵ˲ҵ̸Դ߶һʹգΧɱҶ
ûԤϵǣҶȻ˾˹ϣֱ㣬ǵĴա
ʥӺ⹲߲㣬߲ǵײ㣬ûκȥ·ӲˣӺɭȻɱȥ
ֻ֮ռеֽͳͳʼգζʮܳţѹʱգ
ֻ׻ʣ׵Ľʮͳͳͬʱգӳܣ
Ѿӵ㣬ӵ촬ȵ챦Ƭؾסɫѵ
Ӳˣ
ӺĿɱ䣬Ц̰Ŀ£һŹıֻ֪Ҫ̤뱦߲㣬ֻ·һʲô˶Ȳ֮أ


715 
ʺսʶ˶һۣಽӺʣʥϣʱ͵߲㣬ŵʲô
ǶȻʥӺʳ׻ʣҲûʸʥӺ⣬֪֮оղЩ
УʥӺʳ棬ʥʣѰһЩޱĲϣ
Ӻʴ󲽳㣬ɭȻЩϣǧûУֻӵȵıڵ߲ôǺǣǿʥʹõʥ˿ѾǼʥȡøӦʱԴ߶
˵Сӣһ׻ʣҲᱻ촷ۣ
ս֣֪ʥӺʳԨԴ˱ӣȴû뵽ʳĿʥѼĲϣͳͳڱ㣡
ǧ֮УΪĲϱнı磬ȴʵضԶʤнϳ˲ϡ
нƽֵֻεĲϣ׻ӴķѣнҲʥʵķᱻŵķѡ
ֻн֮У볬нε䣬ſԻʥʵķʥʥ
ʥӺ߲㣬˳ԾоȻʥʥǺεȾ޴󣬿˵ټδƥһʥ
׻ʴ߶ʥĻɱͬȼ׻ʶ׾٣
ϡϣ
λ׻ʳ뱦֮Уֻһſž޴ǳƯؾ֮УЩ˶ͬɢɫҵɫʡ
ͬҹգǹϼʣۼ̾Ϊֹ
սʡ漴ע⵽Щϲô˶෴ЩϼСҲոշԲߡ
ֻǣЩ̲صʵ̫ǿŤռ䣬һСĿռŤһ𣬱ɢϼ⣬˵УЩϱԵޱӴ
䣬ʥĲϣ
ʥӺʳĵ̣ʵ̫ۺˡ૵
սͷ¶޵ľ֮ɫʥʣʵ֮ţ˾ȻôһʲƸʲƸʥӺʳƱ
ʥӺʳҲԼ֮ʥҵĴУʥӺʳĿʥܹõôϣûе
ͣ
һ˶ͻȻѿ¶ϼ⣬ӺʵһֻһҾ޴촬ʻģ漴ƾʧ
ȻеѾҶУ

Ӻҧгݣ̳촬֪޺λ׻һ٣Ȼ޼ɵѹʥӺĲƸ޿֣ôĵӣ
ʺսҲŭҶ˾٣ʥӺʳЩ׻ʶУʵǿ
׻ʵٶǺ侪ˣҶĳӡҪѸݣ촬ľ
ͻȻ촬ٶȼ˲Ϣ֮㽫ٴǳ쭶ȥͻȻƿһϼ⣬ģеߡ
ޣ
Ӻҧгݣ𶯽ٶȶȻӿ죬촬׷ȥ
գۼ䣬ҶԦ촬ȡϣλ׻ƵļѪҶΪʵѷɫ̫࣬ƫƫԦ촬ؽĸؽĸΪѲʹĵ촬ٶ˫׻׼Ҳ޷׷촬ο˿촬Ҷƿش߶
Ӻţ
ӺŭһͻȻ߶һʱʥӺĿռ俪ʼݣСĲȥ
һŻӺţǼ֮֮ͬȴŴ˲١
ֻŻ߸űƮݣӴŻ󿪣һ˲佫еĿռͳͳУ
Ӻ촬ȥ촬ٶʵ̫죬ԽһУӺžȻ޷׽촬ĺۼ
ӺĿȴҲ˿Ȼûܲ׽촬ռȴ󲿷ֱ
ף
촬֮ϣҶԦ촬㿪Ӻŵֻ䶼Ѿʧȴһһ̫ܵƯڵģûбӺɡ
̫ȻҲգһɢˣڽγһֽ
ֻȭͷСһ飬񣬵γɵĽȴ֮
ŤʱգǴӺ֮Ľ޷ȡ
𣡡
Ӻֻ촬ֱȭͷСνȥɫ䣬ЦСӾȻȡѰ·е׻ҲײУ޵Ҫô
ǿʥʴصĲϣ֮Ҳֲϳ֮У̲ص֮ǿȭͷСһ½ǧлһֽ겻
ֽޱʥʥʱδ
촬̫֮УӺʡսʺͷ
Ҷվ촬Ĵͷ˲Ϣ֮㴩ػˣ뵽̫λãд𶯡
ʲôĲϣô˾˵ȮſڴͷƤë˲䱻˿æͷ
֪
ҶĿ¶⣬ûȥ磬ô֪ʲôȴֲϴı
ʲôȻҪֲ죿٤Ҳ֣æʵ
Ȼʥ
Ҷһһ¯֮Уת̫¯Ӵ̫¯оȼգ˵ʥʵľʱȡ𾫣˼ʥ̫֮񹬣о̫¯̫¯ǰͬĲϣ
٤̫¯ʧôһ¯ӣöֽܶɣϧ𾫵Ļʵ̫ǿ׻ʽץУҪջ١ôȡı
򵥡̫¯Ȼֿ죬Ȼܹȡ𣡡
̫¯Ʒ𣬶ͷ¯Уֻ¯̫ʱϨһ
Ҷͣȡ֮ʱӺڱߣһԶԶһֻ̽ʱԽգ촬ץȥ
Ҷʱоޱ޼ޱȺص׻֮Լѹ£ָоͬһѹԼļͷ
һֻֻ̽ԽԽ󣬴ͳͳס
ֻǰҶͷֻ촬Ȼ·ڷСǼˣƺҲڷС֮УΣʰֲ޷޷
ҶȴʶǰֻһִӺʵƲδ촬ҲûСǸûб׻ʵϢѹ΢
ӺʵĴ֮ԿôΪһ̽㽫ռŤƬĿռһץУ촬ҶͷˣͳͳŤռ䣬ץ֮ڣ
׻ʣϣ
ӺĿ䣬£գ


716 ʥͼ
Ӻһ£վŤУν͵ֶΣҲ͵ȡһգ
ƾӺʵûǿ̶ֳȣ߶ʮʮܼӳɣʵֱƿ
ֵֻ£촬ϸСޱȣͬһ΢촬֮УҶ˸СÿСļԺԲƣ
׻־춯صͨ޷׻ʣ֮ʣʿ׵ĻʣõһͬõϿɣԾأӺһҲɼһߣ
׻ʣϣ仰ʱչֵ쾡£
ٶ࣬ķپû׻ǰķ׻ǰϣеĽǴϡС֣֮
ȻϺǿ׳ǿ׳׻ʿĵزҲδزʣ飬ٷ
õһͬϿɵ׻ʣڵǸˣʵ̫ǿˣͬ׻ʵľ磬λ׻ҲѸɵ֡
һ̣ҶΣյ˼㣬ƿصֶΣѾǽܿ⣬¾ǽҲᱻӺһ飡
ǿʲôʱҲӵȺ嫵ķ
Ҷһļ£æ߶촬ͬһ΢ɳŬӸؼһ϶ߣ
촬ٶȼռһţڷʺսʵУ촬ȴͬһֻϸСķɳ棬ٶȻֻ׻ʴֵָߡ
Сĳ棬ʵ𺳣Ƿʺս׻ʣҲûƿı죡
ӺʵʵǶ˸ӸټʮܵļӳɣһƱȻԿ촬ٶȡ
촬ٶ˫ƿأ涼Ужٶȣʼն޷ӳҵģ
ֳɾͣѾԳƵͨ
ؾŶ򣡡
ҶȻȣŸ³ֻ촬֮УȻֳһ½ӶиֳŶϢ֮ǿԶŴһô򵥣
󶦸һ֣㽫Ӻеס漴Źɰ嫵ܱеسƣ
ӺһƣҲ޷ƿӴĿռ䣬ֻռƬºָ
ͬʱ촬Ҳڻָǰǰ㾪˵ٶȣХӶȥӳĴ֡
ۣ
ҶſһѪʼ߽⣬ңԪҲһ̿ή㣬طеķҲ˲ɺԣض
Ϊ൱۷˻ʣ޷ŶһʥˣΪڼŶһ˲䣬һɶ
ˣǿд߶ŶӺʴֶԿӴķԪط֮࣬޷ܣ
飬ת
ҶĲ鶸ȻɳԪطิԭٴλָȫʢ״̬Ԧ촬ǰɳ۶ȥ
Ĳ¥Ĺɣ֮࣬ޱȼ̣дԭԪطٴΡ
˿ҶΪʵȴǰǿ˰ٱֹ̲صȴûӣȴֻһΣԪطٴλҶ϶Լɣ
̫ǿˡ
Ҷһߴ߶촬һ˼ҵΪ̫죬ȴûиϣҲûмҸΣգ˴ӳʥӺ⣬һҪʱ䣬飬Ĳ̾磬Ȼ磬˻ʣ
һΪΪ̫ҲãΪȣĳһطǷȱ㼫пܸԼ
ֻһθĻᣬ˿Ѿ˷ѣ뾡ʥӺ֮ѣĻ
뵽˴Ҷȫ߶ط࣬Ŭ촬ϵķͨ
ǿľŶ
ʺսһûϵҶȻܴӺѣ󶦵ܣÿһڶʤͨĽҲʤʥӺвеĽ
һʱԵĽʮּХ촬׷ȥ촬ٶʵ̫죬׻ʴ߶Ī
ֻ촬ʥӺĵ߲㣬ۿҪ߲ڡ
Ȼܹ޵ѣɷϣȷ޵֮⣡
ӺЦһһ̽촬ңңȥɭȻͨͨҲ޷޵ģʥͼɣ
ʥӺĵ߲㣬ȻһޱʥصϢƺƵޱȴʥʰ̻ذȴһ׻ʡ֮ϵĸо޿ƥУ
ڶʥˡʲĿ߲ڿȥޱȼ
սͬҲ֣Ȼ׻ʣ߸ϣʥʵǰѧӤĿͻƵʥʵľ硣
ʥӺʳʥȻʥʣȴǿʥܹһʥ˵ޱȵң
ֻ߲֮һƬǧ½󺣣ǳǺӣХӿĿռ䡣
սʺͷʲɴͣǰ羰ֱһģһ
Ҷ촬ӭֻǿһΰλһƬ硣
һصʥʣһֻͬһΪۣԾϣɽ޴ǳǺӣͳͳת
˿̣ʥͼһʥʣʥӺʳĻʵۣĳǵǰ
һ̽촬ȥӺĴֺȻԣ촬м䡣
ȻӺʴ߶ʥͼĿģҪҶһټ飡
һʵ̫ǿˣңҲֻ·һսʸп
ıԶȷϼ
Ҳò촬ЦСӵ죬˿ֻ·һ˿ʥͼѾʱգ׻Ҳ޷ƵʥӺؾˣ
ֱ촬ľŶҶҪۺ죬˵ʥӺʳδø˱еıԭܵõЩ
ĶģСķĲƸ촬;Ŷ֮ϣ
λ׻ʶһۣĬĬͷ
Ҷ̫𾪣ȻҶＫ࣬λ׻𾪵Ļ쾭ҶԴĽ
Ҷط಻Ϊ˻ͬɱ׾٣ܹһŶܼǿĽӺѣ˵Ϊ񣬿۷˻ʣΪҲߣ۷˻ʵΪҪʤһ
ܹ𾳱ӵ۷˻Ϊ۷˻ʻҪǿ֪ٵսֻ˵Ľμߣߵ޷
൱ڣһŷԲһɵ򣬺һԲߵ󣬵ȴ޷
һǵۼȻΪҪ׻ʼĽӾԽս¡
ҶԽ󾳽磬ʮС磬ɱ۷˻ʶڻ£飬ʺսȴδţ϶Ľıأ
ʥ֮Ӻʴ֣
ʱֺֻ£ǰһ˲ȴһֻҶЦӲģƫƫӳȥˣӺʣɨʥӺд󲿷ֵı㸸㶼֪ҵգνܡ
䣡
ֻں£÷飡


717 ǧ
ַֻֿмһ촬Ȼɣ
ӺƺһǴѪĴֻʥʴֶײ൱ԼԼһУʥͼʥҲоԿ⣬Լˣ
оܴǣҶʱǷʵľܵӰ졣
ҶԴ磬λͳ׻ʴܴ죬Ϊ͵ŮɥҶ֣֮ҶλʱֱɱѰҶʱȴʥӺʳıѾСӵĶ֣
಼޵Ҷ޴ʱƫƫѳȥʥӺʳ߰˳ɵıаȸ棬Ӻʵ
оǣʼգ֪Ҷգ֪Ҷʲô
ӣûпܣ
ͻȻʥһֻҲͬʱֻ̽һ˺ʥӺƬؾӲ˺
ʥһֻ̽գ촬ץȥ
Ӻʵʵʵ޷Ƭؾıʥͼһʥʢŭ֮£׻ʵķ߶ʥӵп˺Ƭؾʵ
䣡
˵ֶȻ֮⣬ͬһŻһҹͭ¥ͻȻײݣӰ˵ʻŵ֮⡣
漴˵תͭ¥һޱߵţϢĴ˶Եʻ
濴ͬһ޴Բ̣Ӵ½ء󣬶Ǻǿա
¥ոȥͻȻıٴ飬״ıƿ֮̽һָֻ֣ſ촬ץȥ
ֻʵֵ̫ķΧΪ̲صܣʥʡ
Ҷǹеʥʷֳ֣澪춯أһ뱬򣬼ǵ۶Ҫܣᱻ飡
ʥʷֵܣֻ֣Ҫѷɫ֪ٱ
ֻƹݣڸļзУҶ׷
촬ٶԽԽ죬˲Ϣ֮䳬ʥֵַ֮Χϴ죬ξģƬŵ϶֮䣬ˮʧ
ֻһץУ漴ջأӺʺͷʡս׻ʳз֮䣬죬Ŀɨȥֻ˵һƬŵ֮Ŀռ䣬
Ǵڸ֮գĵطе֮ķ϶һ绹Ҫеķ϶ȴ൱խм໥ײ֮ûзֿһ
϶֮䣬ɫϼÿһɼ
˵ص˹Σյİ֮
û׻ʵʵĻױᱻ֮ͳ顢˺ѣ׻ʣҲҪСв֮໥ײҲпܲ
ЩϼޱΣգײ֮µУ߱ϼɨУ׻Ҳޣ
׻ȻǰԾµİʿ֮ʣ֮ߣǵԵüΪ޵Уɥ
߼ײ֮Ǻεȵΰ
ˣ֮⻹ԶʱڣʱµĺۼЩۼµʱΣգ
Сӣڻˡ
ӺɫȻ·ɲǼ˲֪꣬ȻûԭΪ»ʵš
ʺսĬȻʥӺ֮Уռʱ˺ͣδҶ񣬱߶촬Ӷݶȥ
֮⣬ҶˮԦ촬⴩ǧ磬׷
˵Ҷһݱ󺣣ɽ֣Ӵ֮ңڣ
ңҲ޴ҶķλʥӺܹһҶѾ뿪磬ûзֺӿ
ˣ
˵½ת촬϶ߣޱȣʥޱȡ
Ҿ޴¥ʻڸ֮䣬ԵͬϸС΢΢ɲ飬ٶȴ죬޷󣬼׻ʶĪ
εѹ˶ٲƸ
٤뵽ղŵΣɾûһ㣬૵ǿ˵ɵй˰ɡ
Ǹɵһ磡
Ȯ˷ܵط̲סͷһΦ֮ϣ촬·һ໺У֮ʣ
ĺΪ˶ᴩ͸ݣǸİ֮С٤ߣһһŵ϶ѡ
᲻ݸǳЦ
˿Щ£ղŵʵΣ֮Ҷһ˲˿ǿ¶ѾǸˡ
ܴ׻ѣҶŬҶ촬ûЩӺ޲촬ĻҲ޷ʥӺѡ
ҶΪ㣬߶촬ĻҲߡ
˿̣Ҷ񾲾վڴͷطѾ촬ĺģ촬ǸϵĴȡ˸Ӧ
촬ı֮УһƬͬ磬ɽһλ߹ŮסƬ֮УԵޱȸ߹ޱӺݣһĸ߹󣬷·Ů
λؽĸ촬еһ߷ղҶȡøӦȫ߶촬͸ݣ׻ʵѣӺʼʥʥͼ˹ȥ
ؽĸ漶ͷʵĪ⣬֮ж
ϧǣ촬˴飬촬еĽҲ򱬣ܴ
ҶӺ޲˴е˻ʽҲ뱬ýľ޲ؽĸ߷촬ҲǽҲܴӺѡ
ϧĸķȻָһ߷еļ䣬¶ɢˡ򵹿˽һЩ飬й˻׻ʥȴ󾳽ĵá
Ҷϧɼ֮𣬿¶޷촬ָȫʢ״̬ﵽ֮ĵΣҴأؽĸȫޣ޷޸Ĵˡ
촬ĴӸ֮ɳ۶ֻЩ׳еԲطеԲ̣еһ壬е籦档
ȻҶע⵽ʮһ壬⣬һģǹ
ĵһޱȹ׳ɽֻйûкڰԶԶȥͬޱߺڰеơ
ֻΧͬһ黨΢ЦĹŷģ
һɹɾޱȵʥϢʮдԼ֮У·󳪣
磡磡磡Ϸ޹磡Զ֮أ
Ҷ֣ڷɽĶʱλ֮ǰͷЩŷʮش֮µм
ΪϵĹ£γʮ磬ųʮ磬ǧ֮С
ʮ֮У֪зϢԶʮ磬ˣ塣


718 ʣ
ҶͻȻע⵽ʮ״ԶԶȥͬһȻŵ̾
ǧ磬ͬʮ֮УȷһģۿֻĿ
촬ʮϿʻ磬Ƭпȥ
ֻɽ֮޷ɽ룬ټ򣬰̫ǶӣΧɽת
ɽ̫ˣһɽ൱һ磡
Ƭ磬⣬ɽ硣
ԶﻯµӣشʱԸЭ಻ԸįѡȥһĵУԼһлһƬء
ɽϣ裬һҵĽ𣬸߿֮ϣ֮УһŹâӳַӵĵ羻
Լ֮УҶַƺЩڣɽ𷨣ն
ЩŷĽһ߿¶ɽЩӵɽΧķ⣬ȴκ˶ȴ
¾׻ʽɽᱻ⻯ȥ
ЩԶ𱣴ԼĽƺֻڳ˯ȴٴηʣԱԼӳ˯и
ɽĽ£ԼޱߵĴ֮У½ޣ己Ϣ
Ҷ񻹸ӦƬ֮мλ˲ĴڣѾɾ׻ʣõƬͬϿɣǿ
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ҶͻȻоһɼΪϤϢдϢԴ֮У¥ڶĹصϢƣȴмֲͬ
ƬںеĺˮǴ˵еİ˹ˮħմϰ˹ˮҲϴȥһӣû뵽˹ˮûиɺԣ
Ҷ΢΢üҵ˹ˮϴ񣬿һҵͳͳҪΪУȻ޴棡
ǹƹûֹǣ˹ˮֻǿ
ʮ磬һС硭
촬ļзƯһιܿҶΪΪ̡
촬Ѿǽӽʥ𣬴߶촬ĵ֮޷ܣҶ촬ĴƯһߴ飬һ׻ټ
촬ǲȱҪһ춨λǣûǧĻ춨λǣºѰ׻磬ص
춨λ촬ҪɲҲһֻǣʥӺʳʥӺҪǿ˲֪ٱʥӺֻ磬뿪ûκô촬ϵĻ춨λǽǧ綼С
ϧǣ촬˴һΣȻҶ޸Ĳʧ⡣
зƯѾƮǿ֮У滹ҪҪšʱʻﶼδܼһ磬Ҳ飬ֻޱߵգա
ʱڣ޷λ׻磬ȹΪ˵
׻ѣҶʶԼٶ죬ȴȣȻѾ޳ط಻𣬵ȴûиȥвпԼٲ֮أ
Ҫǿʶʶ֮ǿ۷˻ʻҪǿ࣬ǵӦ֡
Ư֮Ѱ׻ķλʱȥ㽫˲֮࣬ɵ࣬ĿǰΪƽṩԪطʮε
棬ҲһȻΪʵȴǿ󣬶ȱ
׻ûг֣ҶΪĽ
ͻȻԶ˵ļ¶Ҷվڴͷ⿴ȥֻǰ֮⵽һɹɻ׻ʺͽĲдϢ
Ȼ׻ｻ֣
ʲô˻ｻ֣
Ҷһۣ߶촬ʻȥֻ׻ʽͽµĺۼɴڣƬз֮ݺֵ׿ɱ˻ʥ
Ȼֹһλ׻ڴ˵ؽ棬µĺۼλ׻ʼĸڴ˵شսһ
ˣýִɱ޼ɵ֣ſҰʩչԼǻص
λ׻һ֣Ǻεȵľ춯أսصļз֮УһƬ޶ױݻٸɾ󺣶ᱻɣȻ޴棡
ֻصʲô綼޷ܵ
ʥϢ
ҶһĿɨȥͻȻ޴ĽƬƷ滹дʥϢӦʥڽ֮ϣǼ÷飡
оȵǣЩƬµĺۼȻһֻ֣ȻʥģӦһ࣡
ţһŲƵͷ­ӴƮһλ׻ʵͷ­ƬŵĿռ֮УĿ
漴ֿ׻Ƭڹ¼ŵзƯ
Ѳʹ
ϳͷ­ˣйһ֮ԵѲʹ֮һжʱ֪Щڴ˵شս
ۻĺϾȻڴ˵ؽλѲʹͳͳΧɱõĽʥ϶ǳųµı
Ҷ񳤳˿ĵʹõʥȻλϹʥʵ
ųеıＫ࣬ͨʵ
ʽԼƳʥֿȭʣʼʵ֮ǿԽһʥʣ
ǰҶ֮̽꣬ƿûʵֻޱߵľ֮˿Կ϶ȻԼ֮У϶ڳų֮С
ۻۼʥټλ׻ڽλѲʹͳͳڴˣ
֪ۻ۴˿̽ĸ磿˽ضһ۰
ҶͷһǿҵΣУۻ۲λѲʹ󺣣ǧ֮ҲûܹǯٴγʱƱѾɳޱȿֲľ磡
׻ʵ˽ٶҪֲǧٱ
ʱ׻Ȼһ֣֮
ǣܷΪ⡣
ҶΪٶȣԲ̫죬Լ©ˣ¥Уɽеɹ⣬Ѿĵ߰˰ˣĻɽеɹľ
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¥УӴ֮ȡۻ۵ˣЩ֮纣׻ʶڻ¡
ˣ¥ҵѹͨ磬ԴԴϴǣ֮֮Ȼѡ
֮ٶȣɹ޼Ӧڵ׻˽ٽۻҲʱܷˣʱȣþΪʵͰӦԽս
䣡
ԶͻȻΪҵĶҶѭɨȥֻһʰ쵵ϼ΢΢漴ԽԽСһ촬Χǵϼ⣬ϴӴӿȵϼ
ϼ⣬ײ֮µĺΰз֮겻ܹ׽׻ʣȻʮ촬ɢܽ
ͻȻҶߴһĵ̾ϢޱȣëȻ
ʣˡ


719 
ᣬǸղôҶ˶ѯʵ
ʲô٤ЩãȻȻδղǸ
ûʲô
Ҷҡҡͷͬ˵ĸһᣬԲ
Ŀʮ촬ȥֻЩ촬촬ЩƣӦͬһֿʽ¥
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Ҷ΢΢ݣһʮҽ촬ʵǷͬһĻ
ʻĸֻؽĸǻ߳ǿߣ׻й
ͳεʱڣ׻緢һײ罻֮γɺɽ
Ǹʱĸ뻪ֿںɽһ¡
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ʮ촬֮ϣȻ׻ʼǿߣϴ߶촬һϼС
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촬ȡϼ֮󣬲û뿪Ҷʻ
Ҷͷվڴͷֻʮ촬һſͷӰ඼Ůӣɫ㣬ɣ졣
ǵΪǿ󣬱ҶﻹҪ˻ʥǿߡ
ֻΪ촬ͻȻţͬʺһ촬֮ϣǲ޶⣬ҶҲʩΪ
ЩŮ빪Ц
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Ҷһѵͳĸѹȡײµϼ
绪ÿһͳ߶Ϊʣϵͳʹĸĸʵǿ󣬺˲ҰĲĴڡ
һĸǼ޸ۣΪʶ֮ģ˱ޡ
ؽĸҲһλĸɾ棬λȨأҶµ촬ǳ֮֡
촬֮ϣһ긾˿߳ϺţҶ
ͬ£ĸ֮࣬üһ룬ͷŷﳯ¹ڣΪ飬Ƴһſڷ֮ϣ΢΢
ǾŷҲװΣľŷλ긾߶ͷʷӷϷ𣬻Ʒڷ裬ʡ
࣬ͬ
ⶥŷﳯ¹ڿνǻ㣬ͬƷ˾̾棡
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ҶһλĸղǸֱһģһ
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ҶЦҶĳԵɺ֮µõʱ⣬ʵķżȻ촬ñ⡣£ҵȴ϶֮Уʧ·ָһ·Ҷĳܹص׻硣
λ긾˿ºţЦʣȻˣαؼ뿪ң촬ȱȱ˻ǣȥһһ£ٻ׻İա
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һʥʣ˸ɽֹĴڣ
ȴһԪ˾ͷûмٹãλʥʱҪأˡ
촬һ𣬲Ҷƣȥ촬Ҳ׷촬̻ݡ
ҶεĲʣʸûаѪԵϵѾȥ֮ãǸʱǿߣۺԯ۶ѾȥӦ֪
λĸգգ۾ЦȻ֪㲻ǰǰʣûܹôáһʣ֪ôϴˣЩСӣǵĵۣ
ЩŮ׷ǰʩ񣬽Цݼ£
ҶĿ֪࣬룬٤д٤૵ԭԶ۵ѪͳѹΪ٣
ΣдǾȣĬĬʦʵѪͳȴû
Ȯβ죬ֺĵȻûиˣԶͥ۵ѪͳҲʦţ޼ɵȥСˡ
ҶиӺɣԼָƣ֪Լܻʵĺᣬ뻪ϵȻǵʡ
ĸ޶⣬λĸʥʣжĻҲʹթױԽŶʲôĻ
ѵϴˣ
ҶãȻĸ߶촬ʻ磬ĵǧ治У˵ҳһģһŻϴˡ
ۣ㿴磬
ĸָָ̽ԶҶ˳ָķȥֻһɽɵǰ
ɽǴ˵еֱͨɽѾ۶ϣʣµɽ廯һӴ磬ͬɾһ硣
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еλʥȻıǻڶѵ֮ϣΪ嫣֮ϣͷ죬һͷչ˫ᣬʱסһƬ谵ͬҹ
ͷ˫ᣬŻֳָ˰졣
ͷԶžʵھ޴󣬴óҶ˵ĳʶ
ۣʵϵͳߣҪӻƬ硣
ĸĵӣѷλ֮ʹޱĸӱµʣԶͳ绪
Ҷ̾Ϣһ˵ȷʵˣ˲òĶԶ̰ӦҶĳԭʵڲҶĳȷʣҲʵĺˡѡܣѡһʰա
ȷһʣӹɣôԵɺ֮µõţõͥõϸʴ۾У촬ؽĸҲС
ĸЦɼڤڤ֮⣬ûã֮󣬻˿Լ̳Уǰϲȴһλʡ
ĸ΢΢һЦͻȻժԼͷľŷﳯ¹ڣڷͷϣЦϲô
ⶥڣףޱȻϲϲ
ĸֳһڣȴǾڣҲǵ۹ڣҶͷϣЦһԶ
ЦۣոռλΪʣҪѷλˡѾһʹˡ

ոոҶͷ۹ڣʱ촬֮ϵŮӷ׷׹Ȱݼ¡Ը¡︻أɽ̣
촬ƿݣʻ磬ȥ


720 Ƴƻ
ҶͷᶼЩ֪룬ĸժԼķڣȡʹĵ۹ڣֱͷϣڵǶ˼̳ԼλãһʱʹһС˵ĸ
Գĵ顣
ӵţӵʱ⣬ӵ촬ʵĽҲһ棬ʹĸıڸҰɣ
ҶֺɣԶɣǰλʵڹֵͬλһ㡣
ʱϸʴ٣ת޳ʣɾۡȻ𣬵ɵδʹûת٣»صһ
ĸζĿһۣ촬ͣڻ칬ϿգȻԣκһ˶пһĪԨԴһĽԦؽĸ촬ӵʱ⣬˵ɵתΪʹȻͳ
ˣת˵̫ˡ
ҶվڴͷϸϸɶݣֻһƬ칬ڣʴۺĸشʱǨӵ칬ᵽ˴
칬šءʥ¥ն̨ʮ˲鹬ʹ԰ֵĹֵĽͳͳۼڴˣ
棬ίʵ׳ĿѣҡԶ˵֮ͥС
ϧǣ칬ѾǴǰ칬ʱſԷӡʮ죬Ŵ򿪣ԽʮͳͳӡС
ֱҲΪǿ󣬵ȴ׵磬ɵı׵Уûзֺô
ҲΪԭʲŻͥͥÿһÿһŻͳͳƳױԶͥʢ
ȽϱߵǣʵʲŸʵڳɫ۵ľ۱ǴλȨɱ۲ŵ۵ıżΪɵ˳ֽĨɱ
ȻĸӦʹգʥͨΪûãûã֮ӵʴۺĸѪͳˣҲ١ΪҪѡһˣ
ҶɨһۣȻﲻԸ˵Ϊεʹһʹѯ
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ĸʣɫȻһ촬ʵ̫ˣ£޻£ͷ󹬣մް飬ֵǻĸǻ
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ĸԣͷЦô᣿Ｔǻλ֮ǽɽ绪֮λȻ֮ϣǣɽͻκεط¶ȥã촬ûлǣ޼֮ʧ򣬻ǲҪΪº޸촬ٽλʹá
Ҷ΢΢ü̾һĸȻǴ㽫촬ߣǳûɽ硣
Ȼˣ㣬ҪȻ޵ĺЪϢޡ
ҶЦǣŷ촬ҡȥЦ޻ûеʵۣԹһˡ
ĸ΢΢һЦһ֣ЦһЩˣСźº
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Ҷ񲻽ͷĸ˵ȻƯǲ̫ģЩŮӼӣΨ뿪ɽֶΡ
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ܾйŹ֡
ȻйŹ֣ĸ촬ߣҲ߲ˡ
ҶŲŲλãƴʾҲЦʵ۵ζȴҲʦãΪʹĸĸζ
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еʲôè壬Ҷ㲻֪ˡ
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ҶЩΣʥǰ䣬Ҳ䲻ʲô
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Ϊ׵λŮЦ£֪Ҫĵط
ͷԲҶ񵭵
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Ҳ
Ҷ¥ȡһŽ״ЦҪƵѹʹԼ˻ʣ
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Ҷ¥߶ľŽ״ԽԽ࣬ܿﵽʮ֮࣬ЦΨմܸҼѹʹͻƣ
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֮ͨ·ʱʥֳֽǰԱڽ֮Уƽƣǽ֮С
ᵱҲǿָ㣬׽֮У϶ҪѸʱ˳ͨ
þʮ˵ѣܿʮŵĴ֮Уֻ𶯣һ¡
ͼһ£뵽֮Уʧ
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λŮӴĿĿȫǵֻʮߴ֮ɱϣԽɱԽŨңκ˻ʣǽӽ׻ʵĴڣûЯĻ¶Կ⣬ᱻƺɱ
λε㹻ĲϺʱ䣬һ׻ʵĴƳ


721 Ѿ޷ֹˣ
ʮŵմȻԵĽƼ࣬ΪؼĻǾŽ״ӵоʮܲմ
ŮӸӾǣλ½ʹƸˣֱóʮüͷҲգһ¡
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һצץסһֻžž죬צӾȻûҶ񣬷Լ飡
ŭſ̽ͷҶҧȥһڱҧҶӣ漴ſʹѣҶϣȻϤϣû˵Ҷֺ
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˻ʵȫһͬһ˲Ҷϣۻӣ֮ǿֱ൱֮࣬ʥĹȶҪǿ֪٣
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մÿһһ˻ʹô򵥣ǴһʱٶȹƵʷĽԽ࣬ЩĹٶȺƵʱԽ죬񱩵Ĺ֮У˲ϢۼӵһյĹٶɱ˻ʥ׾٣
ҶʮƣʮĹٶȿ쵽ޣǿ񱩵Ĺ

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ҶȻֳ˵½֣չӡӲʮĲӡͬһʱ䱻ơ

һֳӿͭȱͬëͬľɽͬ
˫Ŀ·°ԣͷ㣬ǳǶǺ貣ǿ֮Уͥ׳ۡ
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ͣܽƹȡһŽ״Ҳ
٤Ȯ״һ֮УͬҲ⣬ΪǿᣬȷߵĸԶҲֻܿסʮƹ
ŮӿĿ࣬ǵһοôƴƬ̲ҡҡͷЩˣǷӡ
ʱȥҶϢȴǰͻȻɢȥԼط࣬طմĹ
ֹ˼գط֮УԪɳԪͬҲմϴ
ĲͬҲڷɳմĹ
𾳴׵ϵĴ࣬һԪط࣬Ĳ飬Уǿط֮Ԫٴ֮ıǲ顣
Ҷ񽫲մĹ֮У˵ĴϵѾǿ󵽿Կʥĳ̶ȣ
ʥֱӺϣҲӲܵκ˺
ɣǰȥִƣĽƣѾﵽʮ֮࣬ͣ£
ʮŵմҽƺϤʹκױĻȷѾ޷赲ˡΪʵ޽ӽ׻ʵļ𡭡
Ůɫ΢䣬ԼҲ۷˻ʣΪޱ񣬵޷ﵽҶǸ̶ȣ٤Ȯഥʮƶѣᱻը
΢΢ԥƬ̣ҧҲմ֮Уܣ
Զ촬֮ϣĸȡһž޴򣬽뵽촬֮Уֻ촬ݣʱı棬һ磬ʮ磬ͳͳ֮С
򣬱촬ĺģ춨λǣ
ĸһָһ㣬ֻеĲ֮ϣʱǳǿ磬ͳͳ֣ƬңԶǿ֮УһƬ󹬵칬һΰ׳ոճڻ֮УͻȻǷһ죬һѺۣ񼶶ȻһƬ磬ӻʧ
ĸƺһһ˿Ѫ̧ȥѪ˿漴߳촬
ʱͻȻһƬ谵һֻޱ˶۾촬ߣգȴػһͷ̽ͷ۾עĸλͳߡ
㿴еȷʵĳɾƱ޿
ֻзŮöʵǱ֮ѡѾ۲ʱ䣬ΪʵȻ츲صı仯˽ǳ֮Ҫɻڴ
ĸȥֻɱ죬սҶѾھʮմͷȷʵһܲˣ֮ΪʹƱؿػƬİ
Ҫɽ绪һô
ͷ¶֮ɫʵɽ绪ʺĸԽԪµһУЩźѵûлأʵѪô
Ϊ飬Ϊȫ
ĸ¶֮ɫЦ˼ȻɱеѪֻһˣӦ뵽޾ΪѪҪѪҲͳͳϾҲӾζһֿסǧ磬ס磬ƴʵѪϾҲԸĿܣ
ˡʣ˺üսͫ΢΢תƳ촬еĻһۣ򼸸ս
ĸЦΪѾɱʵѪȴû뵽Ȼ©׻֧»ʵǻãһԼȥָǰʢȴҪӾҪȥ޼֮أѼײ֮µϼˡ
ĸԦ촬𣬵ȻκβѼ㹻ϼ⣬Խ֮ýٵһɲǣ޺ͳͳ飬ĺͬھ񣬴Ǹ׳٣λ߶ͣ»ʣδʵ


722 ν
ʮŵմѾױ˴뼫ȵĿ֮УԶԶȥͬΧһԲǧ򣬷ķ
ļʥʦԯʦʮλʥҲǾʮŵմֻаʮҲͬʱ⵽شˣָȬ
ʱʮŵմϤ߷ǿĺĲ
ֹȣǿÿ£Ȼ׻ʣ׻ʽֹǿ˿ѷ
˿̣ŮѾ˳մմĵĿֲΣŮӲɴ˸ս૵ǿȵĹ˭ܹܵ𣿱½մ֮Ѿа˸µʱ䣬֪֧Ŷá
˸£
һĿմɨȥֻҶ˿ϥģӲ૵ǾȻѾ˰˸֮ã
Ůӹֹ˸£ǰǰͱʱ䣬Σ»Ҫٹһʱܴӽг
ȻҶȴԷἫΪ𾴣ȻڻĸĵλҪʹĵλ߳࣬Ц˼ĸΣûдĸ˵ͱϣ֪һ
Ŷһ㲻ᣬ绪ûжͬУֻҶϡͿʹҲ˳ˮĸ
ҶͷľڶһߣҲԥժ¾ŷﳯ¹ڣ˿ϡĸλá
ŮӼ״̾һĵһŮб˵ʹĸʵȨȴĸλεĸȴƺȨ̫ء
ĸƿһ磬ͳͳ˧ʿף˻ʡʥ׻ʣǺεȵҫεȵķ⣬νȨ£ܼ
֪жŵƺţϧǣЩҫȨƣԷ˵ṇ̀пޡ
մҶ˿ѾɶطĴ
ȱմĥͺ˿̷·ǴӺе飬ޱǿ΢΢һƺǻ츲صΰ
֮ǿѾԽǵۺӦڵﵽǶҲ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȣ׻ʵһ̣
طܿסʮŵմĺ֪䷢ı仯طԭΪ޴󣬿νǶأطݣŻữ
˿طȴбԽԽСӾ裬ÿһϸ΢Ĺ죬֮ƽƣؼ򵥶µĵ
ط࣬ǴĽɣҶĿǰŨ쾭ԽԽת䡣
ط۳һô˻ʷ
᳹׵ĳɾ˻ʣ
𾳡ླȾĴ˵Ľ֮ܳΪĽʾΪ˻ʣĽѾ
һ˻Ľγһϵǰ׷ķ󷨡ġƵֵķϵһ壬˻ǰδеǿ
ֻҪ˻ʵľ磬ط಻ľǿ౶
жٱΪҪ˻ʵĽΡ
˻֮䣬׻ʼĽʥʼĽѾмĲ࣬漶ĳɾȣ֮𣬸۾ۼĽˣ
ˣ˻˻֮Ĳ࣬ǵû޽ӽͬ˻ʣߵȵĽ׿ɱ֡
ˣ޳˻Ѿ˻ֻ֮轫ױ֮УпƳɹ
Ҷ쾭ħĽ۾ۼĽɾ˻ʣΪƱػﵽ˻Īĸ߶ȣ˵ɸɽֹΪ
޳һϵһĽɾ֮޷
ʮŵմѹȻѾ޷ط೹۳˻ʷ
մطѹԽԽСҶãδ
գûмط࣬ǼԪ񣬼ĥԪ
ˣ޳˻ʿ϶Ỷϲ裬˵ĥԪ񣬱Ͼ˻˵ΪѾﵽ󼰵ļޣ˻ʶԪʱ٣ԪǵѾǺܴ
ҶԴʶԼĲ֮㲻κһ©
ԪԽԽ΢΢Ҳ
Ԫմĥ֮£ԽԵþӨ͸֦룬֮УƺԴ͸ıݣңԶʱ֮У
ֳɾֻͣڴ̻ʳĽľԼ¥еϼȻԪ񻹲ֻҪɳȥԪƱҲԶ磬֮мȡ֣ϵĳɳ׳󣬻һȻ
Ƕߣһʱ䰲ӣȻ֪ĸʵĿģĸȻ޶⣬Ҷϧιӽһ˿һʱҲԸ˷ѡ
ֻһʱ䣬ŽԪͲͳͳһ飬鷳ʶᾧմϺ飬ʶϸҶԴصһըֱӱ飡
ڣҶʶҲΪʵ׳벻֮Уܹܵס̶ֳȵĺ
Ĳ˿ֳɳ˼㣬ʮһ¥ܹɸӴ
ûгô
մ֮⣬٤ĺģȴʲôҲûпΪҲȴǰ֮࣬˻ڣʵǿȻմ֮лǳ
Ѿʱ䣬֪Ϊʲô̶ȣ
Ȯһ·Сܣմгƨƨܵߣ٤ͷ
ʵȻҲ˷츲صı仯;ȴ٤˲ͬȮһ忿ǿʵ
ƹմ֮˴ʥӺɨƷĲƬе˻ʾֽҶ͸ʥӺʳȻ븹Уմ֮ǿԱ٤Ҫʤһ
ȥɽˡƹڵǺ¹ǻ´󣬿ˮ
ҲڿմȻûн֮þŽ״ٶȲȴǰ϶٣˿Ҳͻ˻ʵƣԺͼƿԽӦ֡
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һͻȻ𣬷˼æѭȥֻĸ컪߲ﻺ˲Ϣ֮ǰòλʥԵñȴǰ࣬ҲŨ·ʱܻľԪ
ͷõˡ
ỹδü˵ͻȻֻҶմдһɺԨļ¶ɢһɾ˵ļ¶ͬһȫյĽһֲѹգ


723 ޼֮
մ֮УҶ߳ɫΧ·ɣδ㱻ֻӰ÷顣
ֻصӰγһؿռ䣬ֻؽЩ飬ܽ
ֳɾͣν򷨲֣κ׷޷뵽ߣʧصĿռ֮У
ﵽ̶ֳȣ׻֮УֻӦڵǵۣǿѹһͷʥ졢ˣҪѷɫ࣬ȥļʥĈҪ硣
ԼԪطͳͳɵ֮ڣԼΪʵȫţ˵ĸоһϤͷŵνԵͣһ
⻹ûжκױ£ٴ߶֮ıƱ϶Ҫ
߳մƽϢϲһͻȻɢȥָ糣һϮ꣬վĸǰ
ĸ΢΢ݣ´һۣЦµΪǿϲɺءʱ䣬Ϊʵ˹Ŀ࿴׻֮£ֵܹģ·ëˡ
˵ĲҲôΪҶǫ
ĸЦã໪ĸ߲Ҳ¶֮ɫ̿
˵֮ʣ˼ʽĹ߿϶Ҫǫѷһû뵽ҶһҲǫѷΪԼΪɾͷëǡ
մĲԼӼԱһı
ĸĿɨմͻȻֻ¡¡ľ촫ֻմʮͳͳεضԽԽСġ
ȡһԼӼ㻯һ壬ǾʮԼֻգֻʮзɳһ˲㽫մͳͳ
棬νǾ춯أ
ΪԴ߶ĽƣȻǽҲܲ
彻ᣬЦһĸ͸һС
һϲ𣬺ϲ䡣
Ҷ񲻽ݣֱֹȽҪã
߶ҪĺΪûдﵽǵۡӦڵҶΣȫӳܣȴκΪԼΪ֮Ѿľʮŵմ΢Խմȫţ֮ȻȫյĽҲΪɹۣȽѷɫһֶѣ
ĸֶΣνˣͶ㽫ռΪƴСһ飬
ʱ޶֮࣬㽫ѷλô䣬ºǻ
ĸ߱УЦºǻ֮󣬱ԼԦ촬Ĵ棬ȵʳ֮󣬻λͻɽ磬Ϊ֮
Ҷв֪ĸокδ㣬ĸΪͨʥʣʡϹŵʥȣΪʵ˿ҰģûΪǧ֮
ıƣҲΪ˶ԸҶȽɫǵıҪûС
ĸҪҶͷǻΪʹĸһ⡣
ֻڱʵ̫󣬴ҵҶͷϣ޷š
ĸ˵ǻ֮󣬱ԼԦ촬뿪⵹Ҷ˿
Ӧڵ׻˽ٽħʵʮ֮Լֻʣʱ䣬ӦڵԣʱܻͻĹؿΪ׻ʣҶ񲢲Ըڻൢʱ䡣
ǼǻȥӢҵһڡĸ
Ȼͥش䣬Ѿپ߱ѹܣԶͥĴڣɱϡԿ֮ʱͥʢ
ǱȻһΰݣʮ糼ʮ˲Чҵʢ
Ǹ󣬱ȵͳε쳯ʢҪ׳ۣ
ԶͥӢҵʥĵá
Ҷ̧ͷϸϸֻӢҵУһλͬᱮ֮УΪ׵λдšϸʴ֮顱ʥĸ֮顱λԶλ֡
Щλ֮£ǻʹĸλ
Ҷܿע⵽ﻹеĸλλԱߣһհ׵λ沢δдӦǵʹλ
֮⣬оֲǣڵĸλ֮£԰ƵĴССλͷƤ飡
ˣĸ֣Ϥô飿
ҶЩӢ֣֮ѵһ巢ʲôʣһͳͳֻʣĸһˣôܣʲôܹһλʥʵŭ֮£
ĸ˵һѪֻʣһˣ˿̿ǻԣʥѪȻһʣֻʣĸһ
ѹὫʹĸıڸҶͷˡ
Ӣҵ֮ĸһԲհ׵λ΢΢Ц漴߳Ӣҵ
ҶɻԥƬ̣ڣͻȻĸҪʣ֮󣬷棬֣֮˭ҲȲ㣡
Ҷ֣Ȼ˵ҶҲֻ
ĸǣŷ֣Ц֮ĸ޻֪Ҳ׻磿
ɵĵͷĸЦ׻磬޵ûȥĵط϶ɽˮ㣬ôŮӡ
ԷȶҶ˲֪٣̸̸ЦЦ˵ҳ̣ѯʵĶǷᡢͷ顣
ѯϣԵ㣬ѯҶ䣬漴ûȤ
ŮбδʹĵλԶĸ
Ҷ︹һ䣬ɫһʣ
ĸΪѣЦµ˵޷ֻҪǴ̽޵˽һ֪޲ԡ
Ҷһ˵еɻ󣬵׻磬ֹλۣħۣҲ׻ģ֮ͣã֪ɺϣʲôԵʣ
̫֮Убһֱɻ׻Ȼӵмˣһ۱Ǵ֮߳졢ۺԯλ֡
ǧ磬ֻ׻Żôۣ磬õĲһλ磬һλҲûгֹ
ˣǿҲ׻ͣ꣬ʵ˸оˡ
׻ҶǧУһǿ磬׻ʵ磬ħҲʮ磬Ȼѷɫ֪١
λۻ߳ߵ׻פ㣬㲻ܲ˸оˡ
ԭĴɻ󡣡
ĸһҶͷ˾촬֮УЦ׻⣬һƬ˵ֻе촬ȥ޼֮رŻס
촬գ˲Ϣ֮䴩ݣǧķ϶֮УƬŵĿռ䣬ֽ޼֮أûж֣֮Ȼ޼


724 ֮
촬ǧ޼֮д촬ٶĸλʥʵУҶȣֱͬն˲Ϣ֮Խһ磬һϿա
촬ʻãԽԽߣ·ԽԽСǧ羡Ҷ˵ǰ
ǧ磬״ͬеͬ飬еͬеͬ¥е̣е·һͷ˱۵ħ񣬽Уе𣬺
ԶԶȥЩĹƺһĴ̲УһصĹ죬̲ĪĪĵЩĹҲǧٹ֣ɣ
Ҷһϸϸ³һ૵ǧ̬죬ȫԶǧױÿһױܶޱȾ޴ԶͶʥļ𣡻ҲԴ׷һֱԷأ
ֹʥЩıԶ
ĸһۣ¶֮ɫЦЩǧĵƵۣޱ£ͬҲ򣬾ʥʻѱʱ䣬ҲܽЩƵϤܹһĵƣѾǲˡǽǧĵƵۣϤ򣬲Ҳʤˡ
ʥʵľ磬Ѿʼشؼĵ
Ҳ˵ʥʿЩƵۣǻˣ׻ʣЩƵۣ¶һĪչ޷ʲô
Ҷͷ𶯣ϸϸǧĵ۵ƣԽԽԽԽǸӣһ״̬ȴ޷ĵ
ϸϸĦЩ۵ƣֻͷĿѣΪ粻㣬ǧĵ۵ķ롣
ȻޱȾȴĿǰ򡣡̾˿̽ѰЩ۵е¡
٤ȮҲ̽ͷۿͻȻ٤ƺһֱͦͦ£Թȥ
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ѵȻܴǧĹУؼĴôܣѵдǻۣ۸ĸаѡ
Ȯſڴͷˮ۾ޱᣬˮ£૵ǸӣһܳԶã໡
ƹ쳤ˮԽԽ࣬ͬٲһ㡣
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ǧˣһ֮Уֱ֮󣬿۾޷쵽
ǧˣ׻׻еǧ½£֪ζʲôô
ĸҶش𣬱̾Ϣζţ׻гˣӵдˣǧ˱ӡΪ׻ʣõĲ׻ͬͬõͬϿ֮󣬽֮Ҳɾ׻Ҫö࣡
˵ò
ҶΪȻͷǧˣǧͬǳΪЩ֮ʣȻɾޱȾ޴׻׻ʣռƣ֮ǵĳɾȻҪ׻ʣ
ĸ΢ЦˣŻΪĳ۵ĵ֮أͬʱҲɵһ硣Ǹ߳ȥ׻ʣܹӦöߣ
Ҷʱ뵽֮׻ͣ꣬ΪĿ²ǴռǧˣԼΪ繮̡
ۻ걦Ĺͣ׻֮У˷ѣ϶׻֮еõĻԵ춨۵Ļ
ĳ˵׻粻ĴۣҲ֮һ
۵磬׻ĵˮҶֻǰɻͻȻְͨţԶ׻磬Щͳͳ˽͡
ѹֵ෻õۻ׻е׻гΪ׻ʣԭԵʡ
ǵ෻ǵۻۣ¶ûϵ׻ġȻŵۻ۳ɾ׻ʵһ̣ڵʱ򣬳û٣˾ų֮֮Ƶòò磡
ֲõۻۣҲֲõ෣ǾͨҲûϵ׻֮оȻ׻˽ªϰ
׻֮Уǧ磬ǧģ¡֮֮У϶һ˱طҪۺɾ׻ʣɾһط󣡡
Ҷգۼ뵽ؼ֮в
óĳ˽ƣ㣬һǸ˲¡֮а
ûеõ촬ûĸû϶޷֪ܣ
ܵļֵʵ̫Ƿĸһ顣
ѰǸص㣬ɾ׻ʣһᱻۺɱɣҶգգ۾ĵ
漴˿϶Ĵ𰸣Իᱻɱӹɣ


725 ɱ
޵֮أһ̶λãΪǧһֱ˶֮У֮Ҳڲϵ˶ͬһط̫ͣá
֮ӦֻСΧƶϾǧжصĹɣִ׻ģ֮ôҲ޵ķΧ
Ҷеļ漴ٴɨǧһۣͻȻ΢΢һ¶֮ɫһ
ĪǱֿʲôֻǧתĵ˵ĸһâЦ
ûʲôΪʥʣδܿʲô˻ʶδɾͣǧеĵ
ҶҡͷȴΪ𾪡
ղһɨȥȴǧͬһˮƽϣֻкħ׻·ԶԶȥħһʮ¥׻¥Ķ㡣
׻֮ϣټϾŲ磬Ǳһ״ˣ׻磬Ļ
ҶȻδʲôӣǰһȴ÷˼ħ״ͬһ¥뵽֮¥߱ǲ硢׻ͺħĹйء
ⲻܲ룬֮֮һܴܡ
Ȼеɻѽ⣬ôǱصеǻ䣬ºǻĸЦ
ǻص磬ɽĶ壬Զֻͥ˿Ƭΰ칬ַ֮ǷǿѾϵ˴
粢ֻһԶͥ齨Աޱۡϼۣ̫ʴۣ໪۵۵Ѫ齨ǿ
ЩԶŵĴҲԶͥеۣۣش֮ϵأڴ˻ԼѪ
УԻΪͳ۵Ѫֻǻĸӹ
ĸѷλ»ʵǻ֮У¡ص飬ϴڶ֮Уµʹĸǻ
Ҷոͥо֮ͥУһɹǿϢԵѹһУȻ׻ʣ
Щ׻ʱȻҲ˸Ҷͷһ˼׻ʵϢɢ̽Ҷͷ˵ǳ
׻ʰԵϢδݵҶͷߣ㱻ĸƵɢȥ
Ҷͥֻ֮УѾĹƶΪǿǧٵĿˢˢϡ
ЩˣΪ͵Ҳ۷˻ʣĿעӣնŤнɽˮ˻֮Է飡
̬Խţ˶ǿעӣǵһμ˴̡
еĸ֮࣬׻֮ϣеʥǿ߱ǧˣĴ׻ʡ
ǵϢ֮УγǧʶĿ쳣財
ҶסС֣Կģ·һɽɽš
ĸһͥԶͥɵ۱
ɵ۱ڵұߵķԱߵţӦʹλá
ҶǣŷС֣վڵ¡
Ŀɨȥֻ˶ĸ־ۼһϡ·ԿԶͥʢʺĸ룬ļΰۣ
ȴҲ࣬ĸ룬ĴĹ׻ļСС׷װ
֮У˻ʡ׻ʺʥʵϢֳڲͬ
Ĵ׻ʵϢǰԵѹһУЩĹѹС˲֪ٱĴ׻ʵԵӴͬһ
ˣ˻ʥǣͬڿһ쳣ߴ
νС׼ף׼˻ʣ˻ʼ׻ˣ
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Żĸѷλͣѡλµʹĸԭ˼˴Լ̳лΪʹĸ
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̰ᣬȻҲͳ磬޿ǵûǰĻᱻɱһˮ
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727 Ƶħ
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Ԩħɫ̵÷ϣĥÿ֨֨졣
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ҶȻһЦħα빷һʶȥõĳħʥʣȻһñףЦʧʥʵݣ
ԨħЦȻСӣƨĵ̹˳ħʥʣһһСһʶ
ӣүүƹüЦе
ԨħؿһƣѪɱԽԽŨ޲ƿڴʹ죡
ޱĹĿڵȿȣˣĹ죬ħ񣿡
һλĹͷħΪ춯أΪʹҲȻ˼ǳħʥʣʹɽҡˣݹˣѾǴĲԣڹħ˵ԭĹʧһ·
ˣʶʱΪܣ򵥵ݹһǧٴˣ
ĹȻԨħ𣬳ɺͳΪʹ£ɽΪ˵Цֻħǿߣ棬ʺɽʹ

Ĺ׷׿ڣ߳Ҷ治ԨħЦ
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ҶɨЩΪԨħ˵ĹһۣҲΪЩɽ磬ǧԶͥǿ߸е߳ܣԶʱεΰ󡢺εʥĴڣµѪȻ̰Ըʶ䣬֪£һ꣡
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¶֮ɫ֮ԳԨħ޷ǿӣԨħ죬Ԩħĳţý⵽Ԩħϴ
ԨħǳħһʥʣȻûĸǰǿᣬʥʱϾʥʣѾﵽĲΡ
׻ɻף׵ĻʣʥȴѾ׵ķ룬ʥһʥʵĻʵҲǿᣬ׻δ֣
οԨħպգħ粻Զλħ¼ɵĸʮַ
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촬֮У춨λͬһž޴ת
ҶվǰɨӴǧ磬Ѱ׻ķλ·λ֮촬޼֮кУʻҪȥĵص㡣
촬ԭ˴飬˿๦ѾƣȻ޷ָǰǿȣҲһ˲ʥ
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ҶԦ촬ǧ磬ʥʣҲֻĸͳԨħ˶ѡ
ħʳӦڵԵһţӦڵȴ˵Ҷ˫ҶҲƾʥʵľ磬ĸĵö˵ΪҪ
ĸĵã˵ҲֻǲοգԼĵ·ҪԼȥߡ
ֻ׻ʵľ磬޳ʥʣᷢ˸ı䣬֯Լĵš
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Ůʵֲ̫̫ͣ˱ƵӳΪǱŮʥʲ۵ѡ
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СӣħѾˣ
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Ԩħ޴׳촬Ͽգֻס촬װϵҶͷᣬЦĶħ˵ԴһЩԽ飬΢һЩܽǺ촬ɣСȻΪѹҵ⻯ҡ
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Ҷ̧ͷϿȥֻħ죬ͬ޴Ӱ촬Ϸڵһɶв¶֮ɫ̾ϢħˣĸҲԷˡ
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СӣȻĸң
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ܿ죬Ԩħ㱻ѹޣͬͨһ㡣
ĸħԭΪӣû뵽˥ϵô죡
Ԩħһ𣬽ĸ˦ͻȻЦɭȻǴǰͻȻ͵ϮҲҲҪˡ͵Ϯ֮£Ȼֻ˵ˣɼ֮ӣѾȡСľΪ
ħ죬ٴħħҲٻָԭ״
֪Ѿ˥ϵ̶ֳȣҺ㣿ֱɱ磬Ϊͳˣ죬ħҲҪСӺĸ£ҪҲ
ħźգħݺǧͬһŻҶ촬ȥ
ħŵǿޱȣ촬У촬ްҶͷˣ϶Ҫǣ
ĸ׷ƮͻȻͷϳһһֻһĺۼƬ嫵޼֮ء
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ѿ޳һˣҶ̾˿˻֣ת߶촬׻ʻȥ֪ԼһתһȥҲλŮˡ
ӸƬ޼֮أͻȻĸǾԨħѾ͵ӣȻһǾͺһͬھɣ
֪ײ֮γɵϼͻȻƬ޼֮أĸͳԨħͳͳû
ĸеãӾԸɰɡҶȻ


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촬ʻ׻磬촬ڲյĳһУħ׻ʵһְڿ٤ϥڿУĦЩħ׻죬̽ѰЩ׻ʵĵھֺ
䴬ݻޱȣ촬ʥıеһ㣬赣ıš
Ӧڵɭħȡԭħʵʮ׻ҶЩħ׻ʵϢħĽĦȡеɭħʦ
ľħʲûҶأΪ׻ʣ϶Ը棬Ҷ񿪿ҪЩžɻҶС
ҶѾ˻ʵľ磬ΪԽԽߣ쾭ԽԽƣҲԽԽ
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ؽĸ漶Ĵڣһ߷Ȼûлָȫʢʱڵ״̬Ͼ棬Ҵ˵ػ촬ıУϵףһָ㽫Ԩħѹ÷
˵ƫƫҪֿԡ
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ԨħкţЦħҪɱˣûһܹѣСӣȻұȫ㣡
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ҶطѾԽԽۣɻһɣ˻ʽ̬˻ʽǴ쾭ɣֽƺơģ֯ǳʮͥʮ͵ظͨӺͻȪֻء
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ӵȻûӹȻǳн˶ɵħĸǶô֮γɵϼҲûܳŪң
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ҶһĸѼ֮γɵϼ⣬ĿıǽԼ֮ӽͬھԨħֻǸƷѡ
Ԩħδ֪֮ǲҲ
֪֮ûл
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Ҷޱ飬ֻҪ㣬ѻǣ֪ûˣ
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СӣƾҲң
¯֮УԨħŭȵѾ޳ɳħţľҵĲǵ֮ˮ޷㻨һһʱ䣬Ҳ޷ң


732 ʥʷ
̫¯֮УԨħڳħ֮£ħŵֿ̫¯ѹʼղ飬¯е޷
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ԨħЦһ򷨲֣ҵĳħȻδȫƣΪ磬㲻֪ٱشţȫ߶ʥпڻҵĳħţϧǣʥܲȱûֶν
ʥΪڡԵΪţأ仯õ߳ɾͣҶʵ߶̫¯Ҳ޷ħŴ飬Ԩħ
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дһɣϵ۵˷ŭŭһССʥʾȻΥԼ־Ȼɱӡ
ˡҶ૵ޱߵķŭ
ͻȻԨħͨӽǷ룬һ˫ħۿ޼֮أ֪ٸľ룬޷Ŀռ䣬Լ
СӣŴΰħɱҷˡ
Ԩħħͬ쳣ӴѪ£Ҷ飬ޱȿֲѹȸС
˫۾գʱѪ죬ʱڣһ˿
ħѾķλڵǸ磬֮ұήٵǸ磡һ㳢ЩʹͿ̣
ħ𣬱ˡ
Ҷվԭأɫ糣㻹ǹԹԵĶȥɣһ˿ڣڱҳǰĻı㲻ķˡ
ԨħŭһЦһȥġ
Ҷǰ˫ħ۶ȻʧޱȳغͿֲѹȸͬˮȴ
һ亹ͷȥֻ׻
ղԨħ˫ۣ۵ƣ˫۵ͬʱԨħҲ۾ӽǣ׻硣


733 С˵־
׻磬̫񹬡
ʥڱ֮ϣһοĿ򶫻Цڻˣ̫񹬽ǿߣʤûһܹŴ߳ǵһ
̫೤ϡ̫ϳϼüһãչضϹҲ̫֮ڣǿߵϢЩڵǿ̶ȣ붫
վ֮УϢͬɲ⣬̫񹬵̫ϳϻҪ񣬱ȶ춼ضá
ǽ̫۵Ľ̨µϢ͵棬֮أѰһԵ
һȥ棬ʮʱ䣬Ż
֮Уһкܶջɣһλ̫ϳü趯

΢΢һЦ֮Уջ󣬲꣬𾳣Ѱ䣬ڤ̫һ鲻֪ʲôƬһصĵѪ
̫ǿ߲ݣҲȻڼ֮ɫ
伫Ϊϡ󣬵ۻʥʱȥ͵ȡ䣬ʥһ̫񹬣һ̫¯
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۴սۼսǼԦκһױ¶ԶԶʥһƬļֵԶڽʥ֮ϣ
ڵѪ˲
һѾһʮʷһѪ֮У۵ѪԽԽϡ
񶫻ѰѪֻ轫Ѫ壬һѪ֮ٴʢȻ۵ĳȴǿᲢۣ
ӴѪ֮öһ˼¡ϾͲ֪ٸ֣̫񹬺ͶʼҼϹʱᲢۣ
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֮Ѱı̫˵ش󣬻ǽܣ֣֮
Ѱôı񹬵Ĵ󹦳̫񹬣㣡

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λ̫ϳɫȻһһõ㲻ЩĪΪУ
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ЦһҵĶΪβܾΪУҽĻ˽ģĿ

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ЦȻޱϢڣޱǰϢ붫Ტۣȴ˲ʮһٳ죬ֱǵۺӦڵǸΪ磡
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еľȡ־塢ԼԼĽвһֳĿУ̲סЦЦԽԽԽԽ죬̫񹬡
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˵ʦֽҪΪ׻ʣ˽ڽǺǣ֪֮󣬷ʦֶɽʧܣȪħɽСϻһʲôӵı顭


734 ٽ
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Ϣ¹̫񹬣ӿǧ½½еĤݡ
׻ʵϢ׻ʿ֮ʣʿ֮ϣ˼ǿߣǵϢһһеİԵ֮С
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ǵ۵ϢﵽȪħʱȪħڵ̳֮УҲͬһ׻ʵϢϢڳԵ֮Уȴɷ֮УǵǰԵ˽ܡ
׻ϢУɷƮ鶯ϢƮ֮УʧԵ߽٣崺硣
һ̣Ȫħ˶ͣе׷߳ԵĶ̧ͷȪħڵ̳ȥ
ֻħ̳˶̵ֻõ׻Ϣ󣬿ʼ¡¡ת޴Ľ棬һɽգſ
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ֻ֮ϣ˹Ӧڵǰ׷裬ЦڵΪʦһֻΪ£һΪͽڶǽ֮λ㡣죬ΪʦҪΪ£Ҳһ£ǾΪ㵲˽٣
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ۻλ۾֮ӣҲƵĲòߣǰı·
Ӧڵ˻䣬·УЦ˭ʮİգһ٣ȹˣʦҶʦܳΪԭһܾԣӦ
ͷ֮Ѿʼ˿˿ƵĴ䣬ʥأֽѾ߷״̬
ʱȪħڵϿգͻȻ˺ѣһҹɫľ޴׻֮⣬¶ΰӵĴͷ


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԰ټƵĽܺȻ£գۼﵽһǧͻȻʧ¶޼֮أԼԼԴӺ嫵޼֮ؿ磡
Щۼӣһ˲乥촬֮ϣҶƺһֻγɵʱշ׷飬˵½ֻһ׻촷ۣ촬򷢳һظ죬Ӹ߿֮бб׹䣡
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⻰˵ȻȻ𾴣ȴǶ˳û֮⣬ӦڵҶֵֿ˽٣ȴǰѹԭӦڵ֮뵱ӦڵҶû٣ϴ˵ۻ۵֮ͬ硣
Ҷٱ֪Ӧڵ󣬻ûܹӻ㣿
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ӦۿΪ׻ʣ׻϶Ҫݲе㲡ҪӦۿӦöɣ
ܶȹ׻˽٣ҵҲҪ֮һɨգ꣡
ʦֵܣһϴٱˣڱӦˬ

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Щ֮ûʥ׻˽٣ԼйأǱԼԼãӦڵõʥأֻһ¹ѡ
ӦڵһЦЩʥ֣ʦʦʦʦʦʦ̲֡£ɱ̫࣬ʥأɱһ飬Ķࡣ
޵УǱ˵ģɱģ
ӦڵоͻȻеĹϤܣӲ࿹⣬ûһܹҶϡ
λϵǲƽȹ˽٣ûз
еĽɱĿҶȥ΢ЦʦܣйԼΪֿųɵĽֻҪһɡʣµһɽˣ
ʦ֣˵һɣЩʥɣ
ҶĿɨȥֻʥصʥͬ߷Խᦡ¥µȽأÿһֽ̬νʥңңҪǿ֪٣
ɱǸңңĽƣγɽ̬ںȴǽʵ壬Ȼͬն
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ϥͻȻɷСɢƯͷľ⻯ϥΣһͷ֮ϡ
Ʒӵ£Ӧڵû
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Ҷֱİͷ¥һһ֣빦½֮УŶ¥зɳ£Ư촬Χ͵뵣ֳ½
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һ̽ŤʱգڶʥֻͻȻޱȾ޴һգ쿪ͬϵµһɽɽָͣ濪·£
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һʥӺ֮УӺһ͵죬վŤƿֵһĻƣ
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ҶΪʵȻȲӺʣ¥ͱ֮ǿڽ֮ϣ촬;ŶʥıֱϢӳɣȻʩչǿһ
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ʣһбܽУʬ޴棬Ųţ
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Ҷֻͬħͬͳף۾ۣ
ǴңǴ׻磬ҵҪ˭ӵַ
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ңԶǿ֮УҲһ˲䴫ֲļ¶ޱӴȻ֣һ˺飡
Ҷչӡ׻ݣķ޽ӽ׻ʣԼ׻֮Уǹ׻磬ϣ˻ʽͲӡ׻𶯣ɾ޴ƻ
Ϊӽ׻ʣټֱļӳ֣ӡеĲӡڱ۷壬ﵽ㲻ľ磡
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ׯ֣ŴɱңԣҲҪ
ҶָһׯһһѪ
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ҶХһɢӡȻվӦսʥ
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ǧƽƣа֪ʶ׷ĵֵĵֱ޷ЩǱӦڵ޷ľأ
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˹ؼ״˸սߵŮ־־壺ʵȺɱȺЩʥͳͳҪˡ


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ı׶ҲԶ׼ǾۼΪôʵôǿܷӳҲǹ̶ģΪߵΪʵǿǿ
Ҳ˵Ժɱ˻ʥǶԿҶǿߣû˶ãֻǸҶһЩŶѡ
ȴͬȻ߶ҪӴķȴûй̶׻ʼԷӳԶܣ
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ʮͷʮۣУûһ֮Уգۼʮλʥһȭһƴ򱬣
ʥҳһţԪʼħڵĹһɨܺƺƵ֮ҶҲһӡ£ǧƺһȻ漴ᦺһסĲٶӡ
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ǹ֮Уǵ۲ֻ̲ʮ˴췭ɣӭϺǹ̫ӰȻһ𣬶ʱһƬǿգ̫񹬵Ӱû
ǵȻҲڶȹ׻˽٣޷ʹȫӦԣǹҶķɽ֮УֳֻܷһǶԿ
׻˽ȻӦڵֲʥȴǺ¹Ԫʼʥڡ丸ʥأк¹λ֮һԪʼʥĿףʵǿᣬǵ۲ù
ЩʥȻǵõӦڵ⣬ǵһЩ鷳޷ȫӦԣǶ̫񹬵Ӱ֮У
Щʥ֮⣬һһʥأԶӺţ˿Ҳǵ۳֣⻹޵һЩʥأû١
ҶһСѾΪ׻ˣ
ӡУȻɫȻǻף֮壬׻ʵľԶ˻ʾ磬Ҳкܴһξ롣
ǴγֵĳΪԼȲѷɫ
ҶΪȻ٣˿ͬ漣һ㣬ҶԼΪףԼѪƴĳɾ͡
ڶ̶ʱڻ˾޴ĳɾͣŬҲ޷󣬸мΣգΪ˵Ҳ
ͻȻ֣ΪȻѷɫҶЩ⡣
˵֮壬Ҳӵ˵ٶȣ
ǵǺ֮壬ڳΪ۷˻֮󣬻ҪĴĥۣӵгɾ׻ʵʮա
Ϊ֮죬Դ߶ʥһֲʵĸо
˵֮УѰ۵壬ǴõһЩô
ӦڵǵۣǶ˺ų׻ǿߣͷˣޱȡ
Ҷ̧ͷֻ̫֮У۵Ľڷ̽צ̫񹬷ٺ෢ӳʥٷ֮һܣǰٷ֮һȽȫҪǿ
̫񹬵ʤ֪ٱڱʹȫҶ૵
˹صһߣƢǣҲ̲סֻԵĸо
ҶٱС쵰ʵ̫ˣ˹ҧгݵ
Ȫħַ׷׵ͷʾͬ
ȻˣǾһ£ʵΣ
ҶһҡֻԺİ˵½֮У촬ȱ׷׷¥֮У¥Уһɳȴһͭ¯
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̫񹬵Ӱ۵Ľڷһצץס޻Ȫħںʥ춯أһߴ̫Χλʥʱĵ鲼ա
ÿһ߳ǧγһ̲µ֪ʶ׻ʼˣҲҪ̾Ϊֹ
ֵȻڽ׻֮ϣĪѹȡ
ҶӭϣǾ޴Ľں񹬣ޱϸСе̫¯ҲСÿ

У̫¯ӭ㳤ԽԽգۼ͵Сͬڰе¯״Ĵ½
¯ڷͣӵǧСͬһС͵
ˣ
һ̫¯ԾʶĿϼʱ鲼գѤޱȣϣ
У·̫ͬʱ֣ҫ໥ԣ
¯Ծ̫֮Уһλʥʳ֣ͬǴ̫е߹һһеơ
̫¯֮۵ķ̫еķ̫֮ͬУ۵̬̫¯ۻ̬ķ
ͬʥʷȴʥʱĲͬĵڽȻͬϵʥ̬졣
ҶΪʥһʥ۷Լ۷¯еĴ۷Ϊһ壬κҲ޷ߣ
ԭ޷߶¯ӳʥܣ˿ΪԼ޽ӽ׻ʵĲΣĿǰΪͬҲԽܣӳٷ֮һǿ
ֻ۵ĵۻʷһ̫֮߳¯Ҷͬһϵһ̽߶̫¯̫̫Ӱӭȥ

̫񹬵Ӱ̫¯飬ޱߵĻӿ֮ϵ̫ʱ鲼գ֮ң׻Ϥ֡
漴ЩŨҵһ̫¯֮ȥ̳ͬ㣬һϢʱ䣬㱻̫¯ϯһա
ֻ¯˶̫̫ʥԽȡ
¯գռڻ¯С
¯ƺܷٻһжջɽٻң
̫Ӱ֮󣬱۽ڷצֻצ֮һץ̽ץס̫¯Ĵ̶죬ͼ¯ץóһĺۼ
Ҷ۵ۻʷջأȻĻ¯֮ϣֻ۵һ˺֮Уɨ֮һƬƬ׻ĵСǴ׻
צøצһƬƬѣȥæצ
ۣλϹʱϵۣʥʱµʱڽһΣλϵǰûԤϵ飡
ҶϿȥ۵ۻʷಽƬ̣̤ǿգ̫񹬵ǰ
̫¯̫ңңԡ
۵Ľڷۻʷͬңңԡ
ڱ֮ϣҶͬңңԣ·ǿ֣죬ͬ߶̫ʥ
ҶٱȻע޵УȻܹ±Լֻնɱ㣬ñͷͨմáסҶ漴Ŀ̫¯ɨ΢΢һɭȻ
ҶһЦ֣̿ˡ


741 ɱһ
ɫһЦҶٱ㻹һǰǰţڱʵУһС󣡡
ŵ˼㣬ʵҲѹ͡
Уõ۵ĵѪʱɾ۷˻ʣΪ޽ӽ׻ʣ缸˵׻֮µһˣ
һر̫񹬣λ̵̫ܽϳϣһƱ̫ԭʥ죬ʥı̫ʥƿȨ
ǺεΪʥ֮еĶǿߣһΪ춯أҲȥͬūš
˱Ť˼㣡
Ҷٱ㻹֪ңʣǺεȿֲһڣ
Цڱ֮ϣ̫񹬸ݣ۵Ľڷ˫չ̫һɹ˻𺣣̫ıͬһɹɿ籩꣬һ֮ޡ
СĴQĴţС󶺵ñʿʱ䣬ǵñвʱһָͷ㣡
סҶɫЦҶٱĪΪſڿԣʵ㣬˲¡֮еõѪѪô
ҡͷЦ㲻ף֮Ѫһα컯һ֣ҵõһĵѪЩѪΪʵ֮֮٣޷޷󼰣
ҵʣѾﵽ޷ĵزɾ׻ʶ˵׾٣ʥʡ˵Ҳͳͳڻ£
ҶĿ桭
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ŭɭȻҶٱұȴӦڵȪħڣŮˣĥ㳢ǧٱʩӸҵʹࡣȻôʱЩֶΣɱ㣬ٴӦڵ
ȻϢԽԽҰţһԭеѪѪ΢õ֮Ѫ֮Ѫ֮ͬڵӵ
֮ͬʣ̫ӵ۽ڷӦϡ
̫¯ҶһʥоǱ
һУϯ̫¯ȥЦڱѾСˣȡ¯㣡
Ҷٱ֪Ϊ˵Сô
Цڣʵ֮Ѫ̫¯ʥͱˣܷӳ¯ٴܣڱʿҲֻ΢¯㣡Ųţ
ҶɫȻķ̫¯ҡͷЦš
ķ嵴ӿ¯֮Уֻ̫¯΢΢ζûбߡ
΢΢һΣҧ⣬һھѪ¯֮ϣͼ۵ĵۻʷϢͳͳͬţ뺣Ϣ
˵ʵ֮Ѫ̫¯֮ֻһھԽ̫¯ǿջء
̫¯ȴ·ӦԼͬԴ쾫͵Ѫ֮˿
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֣ԣҲ
ͷðϸ亹߶ʼ޷¯
΢΢üͻȻֻ֣¥һŷԲĳߵĵѪɳ̲ޱȵܣХ¯֮С
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˴Ϊ˶ȡ̫¯ƿȨʣµĵѪָһС룬ͳͳ¯֮ڣ
̫֮У˿۲ѣѪǺε䣬ǶǶһ˵ޱȵı
ִһŵѪöΪ޽ӽ׻ʵĲΣʴƣʶ׻ʥʵĿܣ
Ѫ¯ֻ¯֮У֮춯أ޾Ļϼ֮ӿӵ£𣬷ӵڵȵޣ衣
ɫһϲæһУ̫¯΢΢ζƺҪҶϷɳȴƽûбߡ
۵ľѪȻǺö
Ҷ̾ЦһŵѪҵ¯˼֣֡öҪҷǻеѪһó˵¯ᱻȡˡ
ɫ˲ޱ۽ǼûóĵѪ̫¯ƿȨ
ʣµĵѪѾ࣬˷ȥͻƳɾ׻ʵʱӳҪʣµĵѪеʹԼͻƣɾ׻ʣ
Ҷ֮ɫҡͷ̾Ϣ̫¯͸ĸƸͬʱҲһĸĹߡһĸܹΪĻ۷ʶ¯۷ʶѲˡ
ɫһʱޱŭô˵
˵⻰ЩڣƼˣҲ϶Ҷ顣
Ҷԭеõ¯ʱ¯ѾڽϨ״̬ʥ˵ǲܵ顣
ʥû˵Ϊ߶ţʥʷ˯ûԤˣеҲš
̫¯֮ԴϨ״̬ܲǰΪ۷еʶѾһλޱǿĴĨɱ
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ҶЦеǲѹüѪҪѪĻҵ¯£Ҳ⡣
ЦѪȻѪĸߣʹҵ¯һЩ
ŭģһһѪӿϺܣӲȥҲϵҶ
֣ľΪ̫ˣʱΪľȴûȥڻͷüҲɱ㡣
Ҷ񵭵ܾĥ֮꣬ľԲ˳˳ĳΪ׻ʣǰ;һУ½ˡ
пһҶĳɱ̫࣬ƽ֮УڵѾ޼
Ҷ⻰ԷθΪ˴һ۽㣬ľȻҲ׻統ǿ߲࣬档
ɾ˻֮󣬱㲻׻೤ʱ䡣
۽Ѿپ׻֮Уǿø߸Զ˲Żɱôʥ֮󣬲ûнʥصĽΪУǽЩͻʥأΪЩʥн𴫳УùŴϹŵ׻ʵͳ
ֻҪЩʥȻڣԴԴϵĳָָɧ׻١
ֻƬѹ꣬ñͷڹꣿҶٱڣ
ŤȻȫΪţ߶̫񹬣ʥܶȻţȵ̽ȫΪޱĸע֮УҪһٽ
Ҷɫ΢䣬̾˿֣׻Уɱһš


742 ۱Ƭ
̫̫¯ʥɢֲɶ۵Ľڷ͵ۻʷ˺Ҷ߶ֳн֮ϵܡ
׻ϿȥԿ˶ʥƯ֮ϣʥΧɭܲͬѤõϼ⣬֯׻Ҳ޷ĵֺ꣬׳ۡ
һ̣ǵۺӦڵѾƬ͵صǣҶͶĹʣ׽λ׻ʵĹâڣ·ǲǴ˴׻˽ٵǡ
˿̣֪˵Ŀע֮ϵĶţǣ֪˵
ҶٱñΪᣡ
ȣ϶˺߶̫񹬣Ҷѹȥ
һԵȵս֮Ѫ߶̫񹬣ܷӳʥ
οж̫񹬵ǿ̫񹬵ܣڽڽ֮УȸղŻҪֲ֣
죬㻹ô֮䣬ͬһȼĴڣ
Ҷҡͷӿ˻ʽȻ̫¯֮У¯ʱ̫񹬻Ҫ嫵ܣӭȥ
ģȻǵۼķҵ쾭ǰȴҪѷɫ֪٣Ϊƽ޽ӽ׻ʣҵĲ࣬ʵĲ̫࣬еĸҲɣ
̫̫¯Ƶʥײ֮Уһ̫񹬵ǿ߸޷ӴĳࣱһѪ漴һٻɻң
۷˻Ҳ޷סɳ飬Ԫ˲Ϣ֮㱻ճɻҽ˻ʽҲ⵽ԵĴҲݻɿֲĹ£
һײ̫и֣ͳͳٻң
̫ԭ֮УһŴɣ֮õʥأ˿̾Ȼɥټ֮Уֻʣ¶һˣվ
񹬣̫¯ײ󵹷ɶ¡һײ˶̫
Ҷ߶¯ѹȥȻһΪ´УΪ׻һλǿߣɱһ㲻飬ǰͳͳ֮Ժɱ̫ô֣ʥʱµĵͳҲܶҡֺ־
ǰ㣬ĲʲôΪķľľͣླԶûдﵽΪӦôﵽĸ߶ȣǵѪı׶ˣ
ҶĿȻ̫¯̫ٴײѪӿ̫񹬱ײ׹䵽̫ı֮ϡ
ǵ۵ضҲػҲӦڵѹ¶治ɫ̸ЦĵȻһּΪǿľ
ϵǿޱߵţ׻ʵҵֻľΪﵽһܳƵϻʡ
ӵ׻ʵķԾһĳϣ
̫׹̫棬֮ߵĻˣų񹬲ʥǿƥײ˿
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Ҷٱǵӣ֮ӣκβңҵ
¥֮УȻ両ֳһŵѪſڱ㽫ŵѪС
ŭĿŤ¶ޱʹı顣
֮ͬһͷ޴ޣ׼ƼŵԽԽߣԽԽ
ͣ
Ƥѿһ׳Ƥı۹Ǳչ䣬գۼ仯˫һſְ
ı¡𣬱ɽ๣һſ䣬һݳͣ
ѾΣף˫ĹˣͬԶ߳˷ˣ޷ޣǿֲ
ΪҶҪֲĵزҲǿ׻ʵľأ
ѾŤ־ױ

߶̫񹬣ֻ̫棬۵Ľڷֻצ̽ƶ񹬣Ҷײȥ
Ҷ߶¯ӭϣȻ֣ҿ쾭۸ͬȾʱҲҪҵУο㣿
ʥײϢֻʣһ貵ĵƵۣ̫漤ȥ
ʱ׻缸˶Կ̫ͬȼѤõ̻ʶĿ
ʥײɢĵƵۣȻۼȴΣյ˼㣬κһɱʥǿҶ񡢶ȵĴڣǱƵɨУҲҪһΪУ
ʥ׵ķ룬ﵽʥľ磬ʥ
Ȼûд߶ʥǿݻţֹѾ׻˽ٵĲΣ
˵Ҷһʼ㶯̫¯߷¯ܣ׻˽٣ʥƣ¶ᱻһɨ
еɱӦڵʥһҲܽסᱻ¯ɽٻң
Ҷʱ¯嫴½ᱻ˼̫𣬲֪˲
ֲ˵оȻ
ƺһ˫ըѪ
䣡
̫񹬳׹̫֮У޴ǣ˶ǳ֮ڣʧ
ʥӴ˴ʧ
Ҷͬ޵УٶĵѪľҲʼճɾͲ׻ʣʼҶͬһϡ
ˣѪΪҶͬΪҲ֮УλʥԿ붫һսǸǿȣΣյսǱܣ֮ȻΪûжѪôֲҲΪɹۡ
ܹľһأ޷Ѫеɾ׻ʣѪľٶȸ죬γһȦ
ҶȰϢģչĥ־Ҳһ⡣
֣һ̰ɡ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ̫¯ѹ£¯֮С
¯߶¯е̫Ȼ㣬û
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¯֮Уʵɺް
ҶͻȻоޱǿҵΣӿͷֻһ죬һȱıȻ̴̫¯ʥֱ
̫¯ʥޱȣʥʱȡƶɣȻȱı״̴
ȱ֮ϣû˿ķҲûơơƻߵۣһ˿˿ϢûУֻƾķ㽫ʥϬޱȣ
䣡
۵ĵۻʷȻ̽˫ֵ֣ҶǰȱкȥֻλʥʷƱжҶ
⵽ʲôôֲ
ҶȻչӡХݳ˲ϢֻȱзƬ̣ͷݽߣ漴һץС
бոУپһƺһ֣
ԲǷκһֿı䣬ֵԶ֮ϣ
ҶĿϸебֻбı棬ɿԿһЩϧЩһ޷ݻ٣²б̲صɢױ
䣬γ棬֮гѵ˵бǵ۱Ƭ


743 ô
۱֮۵֤֮۵ֻ֤֮һ۱ȴ
з죬սʤۣλۻɱ֮Уǵʱǳ춯صĴսõı϶ǽʥεıֻ͵ĵ۱
۱ֻаƴСһƬһƬ꣬ԭǼĵ۱ʲôӡ
֪۵ĵ۱۵ģ
ԭеĲѾǳŵĴսлȥеԾʧССƬ޷ƶϳλ۵ı
Ҷȥ˼飬۱Ƭ̫¯ȥĵ֪̫¯ܷ۱ǿԵĻ۱֮󣬱ҵУܡ
̫¯֮Уѱɻңǰ۱Ƭ𣬸̫¯ʥĥ˺ۡ
̫¯һϸСĶڣʼ޷ϣҶ߶¯Ҳ޷ССĶ޸
֮Ѿӵ޸ĹЧٻᱻ򻵣˵ʥޱȸ߶˵ı
۱Ƭ͸¯ֱ֮ӽγ¯һֵ飬γԵˣ۸ٳһλ۽ʥʣԶ޷޸
ˣ۵ĵۻʷ˫ͬҲССĵ۱ƬҲ޷ָ
˵̫¯ʥѾƱػкܴӰ졣
Ҷ񲻽˿£૵۱Ƭл̲۵ܣ±㲻Ƕ¯ˡ
ǵ۱Ƭл̲ܣ̫¯ᱻ򱬣۵ʥʷֱĨɱҶߵĻᶼûУᱻɱ
֮Уĵ۱Ƭ϶в٣֪ˣѾˡ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ̫Ѿ𣬶󣬱֪׼ȷλȥȡ۱Ƭûпܣ
棬һ޴ı⣬λ۽֣һλ䣬λ۽µĵ۵ƣһʾ޴ĲƸԴǵĵ
ɢĵ۱Ƭ۵ʬ޷ıڵѪЩȣԵЩ΢ˡ
¶ĻʶѻǣӶļеõĵַϧĶѾ̫¯ɻң̫񹬵ĸҲ˵ĽбҶ飬ͳͳ
䣬˵֪޴ıֻܾ׻ĳ֮УȴԵȥ֡
Ҷʰ飬ɨǹʥһֻۣµǵ̫񹬵ĵƣѾǵ۵ĴǶĥ𣬴˿ǵѾƽȹ׻˽١
ϧǵۻڶɽ֮УұԸһ˽٣һЩΪ׻ʡ
ҶǵһЩ鷳뷨ǵѾȹ˽٣ûмҶһ˳ֵĻǵҲԴӦԡ
̫¯¸߿գȪħڵַֻǸ޴ѾӦڵԷƽվڻȪħڵַ֮ϣϢԨ·һεĺڶһУ̮
֮ӵ糱ڷӿ
ӦڵȻѾȹ׻˽٣˿̵Ȼ֮ԼΪĲ㣬ȹ׻ʵڡ
ʱǵҲʩչֶͬΣõϿʱ֮
Լڳɾ׻֮һսʱ˭ȹڣ˭ܻʤ
µҶҲ˿ͬʱмֺ棺Ӧʦѵõۻ۵ĳ֮ôӴ֮ȱ޳׻ʵķ˵Ѿȹڣ˽ٽ֮ǰѾΪ׻ʣЩ֮
ۻǺεȵõϿɣµ֮ΪӴ󣬿ħΪ
Ӧڵõĳɵ֮׻ڣӵ׻ʵķν׻˽٣ǹ̡
Ҷ˽ǰӦڵһ̣Ѿ֪ԼλʦΪʵԴﵽ׻ʾ磬ûڡ
Ը⣬׼Ի˽٣֮ڣɽǵлܻˣɱǵ۶˵ҲѣԵʱҶŵЦ˵ӦڵѾԳƱˡ
ʱӦڵΪʵɽ٣нʥصĽԼ۽ľĥ׻ͷ֮⣬϶ԭ
ΪʦֻҪ̬ѵ˵ǵ۲Ķ֣ôĿǡ
ҶͻȻһĿصĻʹȥʹԼʵΪ˶Ըʹ
ӦڵˮվڻȪħڵż֮ϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ζɽ٣Ƕɽ٣ҪΪȪħڣΪ׻磬һƽʢ
ҳ׻֮׻磬һɨǰƣһʢʱ
ˣʦҶʦܳΪԭһܾԣӦ
˹˵ĻһֱûнǵΪ֣ĿģǴػʹеλϵĴڣλеĴڣ

һޱǿϢͻȻ׻Ǿ춯糼Ϣʱ併٣쳣ǿӦڵǵδ֮ʱе֮
Ƕ˵֮Ũ壬ٶߡ
ǹʥ֮Уǵ۵ŭǵǾ춯ص׻ϢʱХֱ֮ȥķ
ʦܣΪּ࣬Ϊְȴ١
ӦڵͷҶչһЦ˴ΪֱһΣһ׮ŵ
嵭·˵һ΢顣
ҶȻһ֪˵ŵʲôʼʵ۵һƲлڽػʹ֮ǰҪҶģδ飬ҶǲΪ˴Ҷһһܳɾ׻ʣ
ԣ֪ʱӦڵϤŻ˵һ׮ŵ
˴ʵĿģ±Ϊ˲׻ļʹ
۶׻ɵ׻ļʹǧеļʹ֮ΪǿĴڣӦڵ±ǵҶһһ޷Ż˾ľٶ
Ҷ죬δ˵ֻӦڵǳЦ׻ң۸׻ļ࣬ΪƬһЩˡ
ѾԼĵ·˿Ըġ
Ҷ̾˿ͼȰ˵
ǵ۷ٶٵӦڵߣɫӦڵУֻǶ˵֮˿̱ޱȿֲķžӨ͸ԲƯǵǰ
ͻȻŤһλ߳һУ֮γɵԲС
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Բ«֮䲼ĽƣԲ֮Уһ磬չֳһķ羰Բ췽
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Ƕ˶Ա˴˵һжΪϤʱϡ
һϼ֮ݺύʱʱʣײµΣ֮


747 Ҷ
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ȻĽֻգͻȻֽ⣬ػɫ󣬽ɳɽԳһץסֱײ̣«ԷͬʱӦڵǵۡħʡȥ
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˸ϥڴϣŬ޲ˣĬĬֻ촬Ȼʻ׻硣
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ػʱ飬һѪ
ҶػʣĿɨɭȻҰѳֳ٣ѪͳͳɱˣһΪʼʵ۱ѩޣ


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752 ̳
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Դӱʥʷˣһֱڳ˯֮УŻգڵ۶֮Уһɳһ߰شء
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˼ǣҶǻĹţΪصĻʵۣȻҶȢŮΪޣã̳еλҶ
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ҶΪѣӦ٣Լʵۡ־ڴˣͳһ׻磬Ҳؽɽ
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俪ݣǰ׻磬ͻȻԶٴѿһ촬ʻħ֮С
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Ԩħŭһȥ촬뿪ֻһ죬ݱһĵϡá
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Ԩħ૵ʹСӣǻͷԼ촬Ϊ֪׻ʵΧСӣҪħҵУͷ֮ޡ
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촬ٴʧһ׻ŭ壬ӵ׷ϣԨħ״ЦһһŶȻֻ֣ʮλ׻ŲסǰӲ
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׻һ׷ͣ½Ųɫ䡣ԭ˭ҲһħͷУԨħһ֣֪һļһԲǣǳ׻ʵĴڡ
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Ԩ㻹ôţΪֵҪܷңһһŶȻ֣ħźݺײһ
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ǺͬһħЦȻΪλٻ֤֮Ĵڶԭ򣬻һԭǾϷɩ
Ԩħս֮һֱڷ䣬ǶħĴη壬ȥ˻졣
ͻȻ촬ٴʻħ磬ԨħæһԾ촬Хȥ͸գ׻硣
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ħŭһҶͳԨħǸĵطȴͨ漴رա䴩ݣ߽ȥȴָǸղǸ磬ǵ˺ڵħ֮С
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֮Ź϶صϢ·׻ĸ壬վֻ׻ǧ½ƯƬؾ֮ϣǿգͳͳؾĻϣΪϸС
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ҶԦ촬֮أȴǴ׻ֽޱ棬ޱĵط
ָо·Ǵһ͵ȵ磬ߵȵ磬׻ʸϣǲͬһ̬һ㡣
ѵ˵֮ԶʮƬƬش׻ޣĵ
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ԨħЦһһգԺ촬ֱ˶ȥʹ·㲻ߣ㴳ԹԹԵȥˣ
ҶһԲ̼Ԧ촬֮Хȥ

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Ҫ˳Ƭ𺣣ͻȻֻ촬¶һǣвɴϲСӾȻûҲ
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ԯ֤׻ڴˣǧˣʥ֮
ǾһƳֻʯ¼֣˳̻ȥˡ
ԨħҲʯͷһ𣺡Ȼһλʱ˵أطʲôá


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ȻҶô˵ֱǶλž۴󲻾ǳԨħ⻰ҲʵǴ治
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Ԩħ˼תֻʥʣҶĸΣΪ˥䣬ܱʥʵΪ䵽׻ʾ綼ѾǲʯϾȻ˵õǧˣԵ춨Ļܲ档
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ʮ˿Ųͬһ磬걳һȫ߶ܿͬʥΪΪƣֻܷӳܡ
ڳԨħΪ׺Ĺ⣬û˿ȻҶҲԼλһðա
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ǺͷԣԷģ̫¯֮УԽԽСһŻɫӣҶԨħĵ
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ͻȻһָԶ¶ɲɫһǿҵϢ
ҶʱҲоһϢĿɨȥֻ֮صһƬɽŨĻӦԶʱǴشµĻ֮
֮УƺһŨϢżһ˵

Ҷ񲻽ݣͻȻĿ⣬͸ƿֱ֮ƬɽĵĴڣֻڻ֮УһʯѣǴʯд
ʯϣ·ںĲǿȻǻ֮
ʯеδγɣڻѾ˴֪֮ͨʱȻ졢Ĵڣ
ʯе֮϶֮ʣĳƱػۺǰ㣬ʸʶλ
Ҷɫ΢䣬вֳһĨɱɽеʯƺӦɱֻӿԼһ󣬱
δѾ죬֮ǻ˵ã
Ҷ΢΢һЦΪ֮ã֮裬ôұɱ㣬˵֮гҲ㣿һ֮ɱûΪ˵ʱҺãҪɵԷ
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ЩγɵʱʱҲǰк󣬵ǵʶ죬ȶ۵ϣҶԤȻλͬʱʱȻһŷһûԻ֮ս
ѹ׻ڳԪʼ֮кܳһʱųһλۣۣ֮۱λ۶Ǵ׻߳
ҶĿ֪еԭί֮Ҫܳһʱ䣬Ҫʮ㣬˲Żֺܳһοհڣ
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촬֮ϣǴĿҶնôĽնȥôӴΪҪ־
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Ҷ˵վǰԼĵ·һˣԭֻǵһЦȴЩˡ
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Ҷһǰֻվ֮ϣſһֻǧγɵᾧӵȥ
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֮أǧԯ֮󣬱գ˳ʮˣͳͳ̲صϢ֮ḻ춨ʥ֮
һ̣ҶͻȻֻΪﵽһޣﵽһԿĹؿֻҪؿһƬ̹;
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ҶԦ촬գѰҵ֮أǧе׻ʣΪ̰ҶԦ촬׷ɱͣ
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δ䣬漴һֻҶȫһƶݣȴʼû顣
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ԭ׼ΧҶ΢΢һ漴ϲ֮ץȥЦȡñСգʵ
λ׻һҶ񹥷ʥͼʥ׻ʴ߶ѾǾ춯أʥǿֲΪڣԵΪţʥʵУԼһţ
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ҶаҶԴǧӡ̫ϤϤ֮ٶȹ׻ʵڣһָ׻ʣҲûпܣ
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Ҳţһոս׻ʵСҲûжȹɱ׻ʣף֮ħս壡
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ҶһӡĵƵӿ̷֣𾭣󳪣һ˲䣬Ҷ汦⣬ȱͬ渴㻯ˣ˿һ˿ɱ

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ۻ۸ųԪ磬ĿҶԨħսķɨȥħҲֻⷭ޼֮ش֣춼ǽơƺ͵ۣ
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˰಻ȴҶԨħֳʤ
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ħĿͻȻҶͳԨħȥЦԨħ
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ҶվԭأͻȻһ̽ץס޼ϼ⣬ֻϼвԾ֨֨ʱ㽫Ĵ𵴵Ѫ⻯ȥֻʣ°ɭɭĹ
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ħţŴ󹦵֮ţ
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ҶǰϼһͬޣסԨħĲӣĥΪһֻֻӡݺݻڳԨħؿڡ
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ʲôˣȻֶΣǳƳɽ
΢΢һȻһɽɽɽͬһѹҸ޷ɽһԴһЩɽʯԵޱѡǿߵʵôֲǿֲ

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ҲˣΪλҪӣ
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Сӣڱң
ħ泯죬ֻ컯ԽԽתһϸޱʥޱ𺳵ĸдͷĺ飬ŭһһڵħŶȻ֣ȻҶѹȥ
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ħɴţۣһͻȻڸֳһʥʥͬһ֣дֱ߱Ǳƿǡһ㡢ݡᡢʤ뷨һ𣬺ϳư˱֣ǴѼԼֲϣɱһԴƶɵʥ
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컯СǰһλŮƿ飬복УЦ࣬߻ع°ɣ컯ţҪʧʶλҪı
컯æǣ¡
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תΪһĴڣܣ֮۾ĵۣľ
컯ôͻȻ֣ͣʵĨƽʥǣҲǷ֮飬Ů˲Ϊʥ֮ǧ飬ְɣ
Ҷа棬Ȼͷһν磬컯Ϊ컯СС±֣Ĩɱĵȼɭϣǿǰ߸û֮أ컯ȵǰĨƽһʥɱ飬¸ϡ
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ȭཻ˵һ죬ʥǴضȻѣͬһ𣬲֪ٷݵ쫷ϯХſ֪˴ϰգ
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ȵ۸ոʣǱҪ۸һѸô
߾ӱ֮ϵٸһĸµȣҡͷЦЩˣǲǸ۾Ӽϸ鹬Ҫգɱһǿ϶һ޾칫±㽻ȫȨ𣬲󣡡
鹬߲ĬĬ
ˣЦһ֪Щ鹬Ԫ֮УĻ֮ˣʶλ֮ģͶ۾Ƶǲ𣬱ǱҲǺǵŮˣһЩˣǲ֣ɱ￴
鹬߲һݣż󲢷ǿ磬Ůޱȣλڵ䣬Ҳйأ
ܹͳξʮǧ磬ĸ޹ϵ
ǰһЩؿ϶Ҫģĳ˵ǻԪϣµۡĻ̥½֮أ
ԽԽƾʧȴΪڱ֮ϵһ߷˿ٻطȻʧ
֪
ϯ΢΢üЦʦ֣ȡ׻ʲᣬϸЩУѵȫǼϸûһ֮ˣ
칫ͻȻһᣬչ׻ʲн٣һɨ鹬ǰһ飬ֻһӰֳÿ˵ͳͳڲУϸޱȡ
컯ţӪĵӣͥˣ񸮡ʥǰ
칫΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢЩʵ̫һЩǧУȻеĴһʮϸʮˣˣ죬ĴҲͲסвλӻ˽ǧУֻвλ׻ʵף˾Ȼļϸѹŭ
ͻȻɫ䣬ʱѩףֱĿ׻ʲᣬֻ׻ʲϳҶӰɼ
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ִϯδͷȥɫҲʱˣʧˣôܡ
鹬߲׷ͷȥ߽Աɫ
ɫ԰ףǿЦѾܻ
ȷˡ飬ûܹתҲܻڶ
ֻһ˰ˣǲӹš

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ԴӴʱ飬Զ˵µµعܹ
ӹûһܹڶĻᶼûУǿۣҲûһλԪܹʮ꣬Ҳδ˵λڿת
Ҷٱ׻ʲֻգȴ޴˵ǿɡ
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ϯĿ֪ʲô˼ЦɱҶ꣬ǰˣ϶ˡ鹬µĽ㣬ϸѾ࣬һ࣬һ٣ǡ鹬ҵȼܣκҲ뷭˻
Ƭ̣ͻȻ鹬еɽźȻֻһϵЦλſա
׻ʳ鹬зȥ
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ǸӸߵȵȻ컯ŻҪ࣡
ЩɽϻĻ꣬صһ̽Ӵɽ壬ͬ鹬ƯڰգʵȴǴ绨һ֡
֮⣬Ҷо鹬лбӸߵȵͬһܵ鹬
˵Ӹߵȵѵ˵鹬оȻһ
Ҷ𶯣Ŀɨȥи𾪣ֻ鹬һռϲ֣ż¶Ŀռ䣡
鹬Զֹһһô򵥣Ǳһλӵޱ߷ǿߣһռ䲶Ӳ鹬У
鹬濴ô򵥣Щռϲ㣬֮󣬿˵Գһ磡
ϸϸӦֻ鹬֮ƬϢԽԽƬԶԭԤеҪӴ౶鹬Ĺأ֪ٿռ´Ϣ˥
Ҷ鹬̸о鹬صǸƬ±ԼĻҪ
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ڣ¥𶯣뵣ЩĿжϡ
ףȻ͸
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ĵ۾࣬Ǽλѣλ۾ˣ
칫ֳ׻ʲվǰ趯ͻȻֻ֣зɳŸͭ¡£ֱ֮УһصƣһƬ޺
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һλĿɭȻһЦƬСԪ磬ǵսܹģܹ鹬Ϊ鹬ĵӣǧˣ鹬ֻ˼ɣ
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Ӧؼʵźأ
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Ÿſ죬ȴҶͶԼߵĿС
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ϲռƣȻ£۷׻֮չ¶ɣ

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Ҷָ͵һϲյüģݻϸĽΪ顣
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ˣ
ϲյʬӿ׹£͵ڵء


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ǿһ׷һϸСޱȵĵƵ۹ɣӵΪ໥ϣΪӡڣ̽飬Ҳ޷͸ĵֻܿ׻ڵΪ
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½ûôڸиԴӡ
Ȯֹſڽ˴յʬͽ븹У漴ҡһޣŸ£ר
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779 
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칫һڵģΨ²ңЦκ˶ʾ£ԼĶŮŮУ϶Ҫָ˵ЩսѹСࡣ
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ҶվȮĴԴϣǰУֱ֮ϢڣĵƬСԪУ֮ĸ֣϶ӱв٣ӿе컯֮ӷƣͥİ񣬶˲
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ҶӲ·ļʥɽ޷ǽֵನȻ飬ɽӲĨɰ׵أǰͷԶžҲ˵ನѹñʬ޴棡
棬ֻһƷȻǿᣬҶĳСгɾͣԵŰݷãֽ֮
ҶεɶһѪ漴һ¥ͻȻ֣¥ԾһȮ쭶ȥ
׻ʶƷΪȻܹҵһһĥҵƣ֮£һͷһ˲š
󣬰ԽԽĵƼĥ͸ȻҶӲƴһ˶ܼش
ʧĽһƣҶȴʵʵˣ
ҲͬҾһ̽ǿԶ쭶ȥķҶĥѳֵĹʥʣҲ׿ԽĥȻûɵ
ֻĿͣڲһ
Ҷݻٽ֮ţĴʵ̫󣬴󵽴ݻе
Ҷ滯ͬķߣҲǵı˴˶к֣ԸಫͬʱҲΪ˶˵׷ɱ
ƣ׷ɱɵСӣ
Ŀ˸һҶ׷ɱȥͷһڱƿɳֻһƿԽԽԽԽأڰ֮У
ʥԪƿ
ƿУһڵĵų֣߶ʥԪƿڱƿܴ߷
ڱƿͬĴֻ¡¡һɽ󴨱𣬺ХƿͶȥ漴飬ɻң
ʥԪƿǴΪʥķ赺ϣͨʥ֮ϣݻʥɽֱǲѴ֮
ɱҰ˴󻤷գҵĿսұ
ʥԪƿ߼УסȮο񱼣Ҳʼ޷ʥԪƿҶƿгȥ
ӹЦĹâոսƬСԪʱа˴հңǺεȵķ⣬֪ȴҶ񣬱ҶָͳͳеʬͽҲȥιλõӣҲ⵽Ҷ١
Ψһһ⵽ĴۣɵҶľƽ
Цδ䣬ͻȻоһǿҵΣӿͷֻƶȻߣһƸͷ
ӵͷ­ࣵһը漴һ컯ѹ£ͷ
ʥԪƿȻڿУСХߣƿ֮£ӵٴۣЮԶ
ƣҼǵˡ
ƵһЦҶȥŸĿЦҶ֣ûд󰭰ɣĸ컯ʺҶ֣ϣҶʱȥ컯һˣλںһ¡


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ƻЮŰգۼɳ֮ңԽ䵽һɽ֮У¡
֮ӣҵĶӣѵһۣһ겻񣿡ŭɫĿڰϣ¡¡
۾ָһĨɣȻҵĽģ˳׻飬ҵĵĵǰֱʲôǡ
ˣǱؾ۽ɸ֣˲ܴλãˣǾģģ˿ƣ
汬ȣصĶӣٶŮУңһǰ˵ĵ·ͼҪԼĵܴ죬˵δʹһ£ֻҪܶɽ𣬽ĳɾһ󣡡
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۾ԽԽȭֳָᣡҵĽڸܹͣĵᣬᲢãδػѷɫһᶫɽٴߵ˵ǰҵĽĽܣ
ӣĶӣ
ЦԱˣСӲƴһǣ⵽شħ󷨣ҵĵƺʶܿ죬Ϊһ⻯ʱһʱĥԼĶֱ֣㽫ܻɱΪֹ
컯λң
ҶȮϣ΢΢һ컯ŵĹϵոս磬컯ţС
컯һ߻컯ʩչһʽ׷ǧ׷ɱͺħͶ·Щ㱻
컯ȻѰ˼ѵҵλڣ컯컯Ҷɻ
Ȼ
ƺЦ컯ţסҶ뿪֮㴫ּ⣬ĸ㻯ɸΪ񲯣ʱ䣬ȥ컯һˣҪԼһ档
Ҷüͷ컯δı棬Ȼλн飬컯û˵ԼôԵ޹ҪԼ
컯Ҫңǳں⻹Ƕ⣿
а˼Ľɫǿеǿߣͳ죬߸ϣǵһһһһУԢԶǺ塣
ҶѾʶĺ֣ʮ꣬ڲʱԼĵӵۻ۳з죬νı㡣
컯ȻۻۣҲһϺʽԵ޹ʱټҶóȻǰп컯ľУгΪõӡ
컯Ҫ⻹Ƕ⣬ǰ˵ʸҲûУ˵ƽȶԻˡΪӣֻӵпͥȥ컯»̫һЩ
ҶһˣЦ֣Ҳȥ컯ţĪ컯Żǿ°ǰȥ
Ȼᡣĸ׵˼ҶȻǶ˵̫һЩҶֲԸǿ°ǡ˵вҶֶ֣Ҫ
΢΢һЦеҶ֣һƷԿܴǳɣȻһƷҲʥֿܵ澫ͨħ󷨣ĵҶڣữħ֣ʥҲûȥƱػ²ĥ˺ۣʱԽԽأ뿪˵֮ĳһ컯ţĸ׳֣Ȼĥħ֡
ɫҶ֣֪ûֶκʵҶֵƿ»˺ΪƻпܻԽԽأձħʴһ߷
⻰ǿţʥʵĵĵƣ֮ش֮һ˿ƣʥ
ֻӵֶκʵĥĵơ
۹ⶾϵҶ׻ӡԿ棬ܴأΪȻᱻĵʴ˲Żƶ϶Ҷһص컯š
һСˣѲҡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͻȻչ磬ֻʮǧӿΪ㣬ǿʩչ׻ӡȫΪһƴ˿ĸС
Կһµ˺۶ʱչ¶ֻУһϸ˺ĵĴײǧĵƵۣޱȣ
ЩƾȻڲϵ׳ԽԽ֣ԽԽ걸ڻħ֣Ϊһͥγ֮ͥУſڲҶĵƵۣΪתΪУ
Ŀֲ֮һƵƷҶһǣԼħ֣ϸɣȥҶȫΪƱػᱻ泹ɣɰһ⻯
Сӣʹһʽӡ̫ǿ̫Ϊʣ޼ǹԹԵرҵĿܰɡ
ħվ֮ͥУЦſ£ϽҶǧеĵƵɡ
ããȻ֮ĵƵۣĵƵ֮֮ḻҶоȣЩҶĥĵƵۣ˵Ұٳ߸ͷһʶ۾
ƵħҶĵƵֵֻۣӿͷ򣬼ЩҲţɴϲݺɡ
ң棬֮
Ҷ΢¥գһ֮¥ͬ׹䣬ֻҶſһ̳㽫һ֮븹УΪ
ƿ۾ɵùԲ˵һ֮ʵҲܹ쵽Ҫյʱ
̵ЩԲˣûѽһµʱɾԼΪ
Ҷȴ°֮࣬ɵھ
գۼ䣬Ҷ㽫ʮ֮븹У
˵Ҷٶȣٱǧֹ
ңһ⻯㣡
Ҷ缱ţһƵ۱ԽԽִԽԽ׳ƶԱһ£ԼƷʥʣƵѾޱȴִ󣬵ҶĵƵȣȻԵѷһиӺȻ
Ҷ磬СԪпٿռ䣬ǧʮ綼ţƵ÷ƲϺˡ
棬ڻҵһ˿ƣױ㣡
ҶЦǧײŷһϼ⣬ͥѹȥͥһ飬ƻҲûüһ㱻
һ˿ʶҶӲײ飬ƵֱӱҶЩͳͳɣΪУ
ĵƣȻʮƣ
Ҷһֻ˿˿Ƶʮ磬Ȼ٣Ϊʵǰһ󲽣
̥̥Ȼ׻ʵΪĽһʶɱɣ
ƵԲ۾Ҷͬһħһ֪ٸָˣλ涼ⶾ֣⻯
ңֻ̻ص컯ţĸ׳֣д󰭣ɰ⻯Ǵ˾Ȼĵƣѵ컯ټԭ򡭡


785 մ
ϧĵʵ̫ˣܽλĵͳͳҵʮ϶ȹ̣
Ҷ̾˿һƵƣΪѾ׻ָоһٳ׻Ʒ
ڵĵƵԽ׳ʮĽҲԽ̣ô޲ٴν׽ѹγƷ
Լܵǰλּħ֡
Ҳһѣ˵˿棬ҲûаֵĻ·
ʮѾҪʮĵƵɣûпܣ綼ԶƬƴӶɣе̲ʮĵƵۣԵõʮ
Ҷżʶ֪Խ̣ЩΪԼ۳ɵĵƵ֮УʮĵƵۣµħ֣Լܴ
ܹʮ㲻ԲҲﵽߵĳɾֱͣͻƵĲΣ
ƿô̵ʱ䣬ħ֣Ϊи
ҶΪʵñߣȴҶǰ;ԱԼҪԻͣ
ѵ컯ǴΪͽһԽԽܡ
֣ȥ컯ʱһȥ컯ţһ컯Ǿʹ˱
Ҷɨ˷һۣ΢΢֣漴뿪
ԥһ£ಽЦĸȥ컯ţǲȥұ޷㱻˴ҪʧܣǲȥĻߵֻøˣֱȥΪֹ
Ҷüͷ˴εĿΪѰСԪ֮е֮ƬƸѱᷢܡ
ǷƳֻӣȷΣѴѣ˷ƶдҲ÷ֻô˸š
Ҷ֣Ϊ׻ʣܽ˴ħеĳԨħ˵ǽ컯ŵҲΪ˵á
ੲݣ⼸¹ʵоҪ֪֮УȻǵһǿߣҲߣʵ֮ʵĿʱҲδս
Ҷͷһη֣һĻʵЩó棬߶ͣͻȻɫһɫҶ֣֪ʲôӵô
Ҷһݣҡͷ֪ʷ֣󾿾ʲôӵ
Ҳ֪
ƺǷһ䣬ЦǸΣҪĦ⣬׿ĸţô֪֪ˣ㲻ˡ
Ҷ޲ý˷ŵݺݵʹһ١
Ҷ֣˵ֵĻûпܽͳͳɵĸҼ鹬һһɵӣǼ鹬ֱ嶤飡Ŀ
²С
漴ַԼ飬ҡͷЩʵҶܹӳһʽпܣҶһʽ̫ǿ̫ûôӻңӡˣδûһƷǡ
ҶһͻȻֻСԪ𶯣ͬһ㣬ʥɽ¡֪Զž޲ֻʴɽӳɫ֣̿·ĩս٣
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ԶһƵĺУֻľ촫ضȻѿһִޱȵĺɫӵصױųֻͷɽͭţĲӱЩסзƵľ޺˷
ЩͭţӦò飬Ϊƶɵıͬһж

СԪĵصӿֳ·Щסʲô񱻰ͷͭ޴ӵص
䣡
飬ֱֻһͻȻӴѿ֮ڿն֮гһѤѤ񹬣ͬͷһ÷ڰ֮У
ͭţУ׷빬֮У˩ڰ˿£֡
׳ţ
ƿ˿ੲݵҶ֣˵
죡Ҷݺݵ
֪ˡ
ƹԹԱ죬ƬŻع֣ΪҪģˣ׾ѵңϰԵ˵֪ˡ̵ģϴμʱҲôһ䣬ߺ͹ѣ֪١´컯ʱһģ˵Ҫ࡭
ӵƹɣӦƵ񹬣ѵ˵ƬСԪԼĲƸ
ҶĿ˸ԶԶȥֻµʮ죬в΢΢һ
ƲͬȵƸӸߵȣƿش֮УԴﵽ۶ɵ߳ɾͣ
ڵһƣƣҶû㹻˵ᱻһĨɱ
濴ƣҲֻͬһ㣬ѶΪһ죬·ܴŵ֮Уʲô
Ҷ񰵰棬о֮ϢǴд
ƵȻСԪƵıԶ֪Ϊ鹬ʮǽСԪУѵǲ
ȥ
ҶһȥƼæϡ
໡
֮ͻȻһ춯صľ죬ֻһͷȥ
ͷл죬̬ˣͷʮһͷ­߿ţмţһţʮֱۣ˷ӶдһĿĵ
ͷ޼ͬһƶʥɽ󲽶Ѫʢ㣬Ѫ죬ȾһƬѪ죡
һͷ۷ʥʾľޣǿƥԶҶ񡢷ǿ߻Ҫǿ
ˣ
һŲ֮ϣͬţƤ֮ϣ
ͬʱһͷԶž޴󲽿ȴͷޣŰ˿ͷ˦󲽳
طҲԶž޳ͻȻֵĹȥƺ֮ǵı
Щ޶СԪеİÿһͷ۷ʥʽӽĵΣʵֲޱȣʥʼľޣǰ
ڴʱСԪҲһ˹ת˲֮䣬ԾĿ񹬡
ôܻǴ
һ۷׻ʧеҴ磬Ҵͳ˧ôܳ
ҶĿȥֻҶ֮ϣȷд֣ǰֻע⹹񹬵ƣһ㡣
ȷǴĴֱһģһӹϣ
ģѵĴǼٵĲɣ
ˣĴôܻǼٵģ϶鹬˷մһ

ҶеĴͷҲǼΪ𺳣Ȼ¥Ĵһ޶


786 
Ҷ֣ĴǼٵģǾӴˣ
ëַˣ壬һô򵥣ͳʱڣһƬ칬д۾ۼˣͳ£ټ۾֮أ칬Ϊʧ˴൱ڶʧͳֳ֪ӣ
ҶͷͬĿ
ǷƵһ񹬣ͬǾۼ֮֮أͬͳȨ
֮磬ͳ߶ǾסУĴ
ǴĴǼٵģƱػı䶯ζŴȨ˥䣬ԲͳΡ
ĳλõĴԳΪͳͳ죡
˵ͳȨ۾ױҶȻĶ
Ҳֻܿѡ
̾˿ϧˣҲ޷ȡ鹬ʮôǽСԪ磬Ҳϵûһܹ
ǰ񹬣̫֮Ͻ𾫵ȵȱͳͳ㲻ʲô
ϧǣǰ񹬣㲻ĴҲ׻ʥܼȡƼϹɣ֪˵ǣʮǰҲҪ۵Сۣͽ̾κΣ
ҶԶԶ̫֮е񹬣㱼ƺһλǿӭ߽
ûмĴҲ֪ǰʹ١
ȴԿ϶ǰ¥еĴĪϵ
¥еĴԼһƬ칬ʵ壬ǻþǰȴʵĴڡ
մһҪŪ֣˭Ҹұɱ˭ҶȻðһɲɱɱ֮أҲ˸ս
մĳɧ󣬼СԪеӡ׻ʣͳͳϵ˵أһͷͷѾʥ۷ԶžޣҲ˹
ЩԶž޵ӴΪǿᣬҾþСԪ磬񹬲İӦüֹһ񹬳Ρ
֮УжǼΪıЩմȥ
ͷ޾һ̫֮Уֻ̫ζͷ޵һմ
漴޵Ҳ̫׻ʡһɧʮ˳𣬼ԦХȥ
ŭͻȻһ˦ֻصľ촫ʮλ׻ͳͳһĵõձѪɽڷ
ܹڵ׻ʣÿһ˵ʵͬСɣͳͳ۷׻ʵĽɫͷǰֱòһ
ͷһ޾̫븹УȻֻʮĽճ֭ͭˮſ븹У漴šͷʮֻ۾ݺݵɨˡ
˵ȼ״ԥǰ
Զž޵ǿĿãȻ֪մб˲õıȥȴκ˶һ㡣
ͷԶžȺ봿Уʧ
˲˿ʮ˳մȥ
δӽ񹬣ͻȻֻմƵ۳𣬻һͷڣſһʮλ׻ͬǵĽͳͳɣɻң
մ٣Ҵ֮˭ǰһԣ̫ԣ
ʮζȻڴմǰֻͷƻչ˫ƯһλĿȻɨ
ӣ̫ӣ
һݣ񣬾ȻҲˣ
Ҷ֣ƿ磬˵Ѿӽ۾ľ磬ıɣ˿Ѿǵ۾˿̲´Ѿʼأ۾ľ磬˵Ѿǵ۾ˡ
Ʋü̫Ķӣպգ˾е֮Уǿļ֮һ൱ǿᣬڳܿ⣬ߵʮҲͬСɣΧеʮǳųƴʮʮλʥʡ
˵ȷ
ҶͷɫأʮȻʥʣֻûǿѣҲǼΪ˵õ
̫ӵһֵ͵ĸоޱǿᣬˣͬһȺϣתմȥЦ˵Խ׳һӣҲҪɱۣǳҪЩˣ
ʮλʥʺȻӦŵƳ졣
·ģ֮Уû˻ǴմĶ֣ռʱˣҲҪճ
մ̫ӵ˵Ҳˮҵȹף̫ӵµñȡ񹬣
̫ӴЦҲҪһ鹬ƵĴմҸסĴմк𣬲ൽ
鹬ˣһ˶ߣ񹬶ȻãĿҵڴˣ㹧ף̫ӵ쿪ʤıϴһգ
£̫ǿƣ˰ԵֱӶϾ˵Ѱ֮·ӷ
ȷǮ״ͳһλͬ۾Ѫͳ֮һǾۼһĲƸ̫벻ǿѣ
οдʮߣʮʥʵ·ѹȺۣ˶ȴ
ӣⲻʮеκһˣ˶ʥʵΧЩ׽󡣶Ҽ㴳֮У뻹ҪЩԶž޳ͻֱ̫ӣûжʤ㣬ԥǰ
ҶͻȻһմȥ֣ٶռ䣬Χơ
ͬԼеΨһͳߣֱϲ񷣬֮С
ƴ˴ԥһ£ҧҧҶǰȥҶ֣Ȼ֪̫ӺʹʮӦñһܷͷҪֱӳͻǧֶΣԹƻһ𹥻ʮҳ񹬡
һȺ߹ѣαô鷳
ҶմȥɭȻУڱص֮˭ҵңұɱ˭
˭Ҹұɱ˭
˭Ҷ֣ұɱȫң
æЦǺҲգұ㴳һ
ʮʮλʥʵڴǰۿ˽ӽ
컯ŵķƣĶӣǿԳƵӡ֮УֻǸСɫɱɱһֻС̫ӵ¡һ
Цδü˵ҶȻһȥֻǧӿХһ¥죬籦绡⣬̣ӣԶŷ棬磬ӡ貶Ŀܺ嫣
ͳͳȥ
Ҷ񱬷һ֮Ȼ׻ӡһȴй֮޲ðΧմձ涯ݣ
ʮеһ˵ȳһƣѹϲ߶ֻλʥʺҲδһһը飬ͳͳĥɻң


787 һ
ҶһƱ㽫λմʥʴ򱬣û˿ͣЪֱʮһ˶ȥ
ʮʮλʥʣԭû˽ҶУУҶֻǷƵĸ࣬ƲҪԸص
Ͼ컯ŵҲһλʥʣܽƻɱɱӺãɱֻЩ
ûϵǣڷߵǸ꣬Ȼǿƣǿᣬ˰ԵһԲϱɱˣ
Ҵԣ㵽˭ʥţ
ʣʮһλʥʱȣչһţڴմǰʱޱߵǵ׷ӵӵһֻֻڣڿഥһơۣ
µĵͳµķţ֮УͽԾ鷢ǵΪʵ
գ𹹽ɣ˿ɵƵۣһʥӿϣʮһͷڣȻ̫ǰǿ󣬵ҲСһҶȥֿͬĴ֣
ɱҴͽֻѪ
˭ͳͳҪ
ʮһͷڳ嵴̽צ˺һ磬ƥ۽֮󿪴ʥ澭Ҫ࣡
Ҷ΢ֻǧХأص֮С
ʮһͷŭХ϶ʮһʥţȻƿ磬ĵҶץȥ˺­ԣ㽫ʬΣ
⣬Ҷʵдˣ
һ컯ŴʮһλʥʹȥΧκԣݻҶ֮Σ
ƣ˵Ǽ㻹ţƫƫԼɺ
ʮһλʥĿȻһ̽Ƶ컯źȥø߸߷𣬲¡
ѾеʮһʥţһɹƵԴԴӿעڡ
ȻڶԸƣ󲿷ֵʵǷҶϣ
ƶپѹвɺȻʮһλʥСʵԸңҶָóܶѹ
۵ķңĿɰ
ҶȻۿʮһͷһֻУһȼա
ִյһХתֻմе̫ͬҵкڣӿҶ磬עִ֮У
ִԽԽɢԽԽǿ
һͷȷ̽צݺץҶͷ­

ͬץӲʯ֮ϣ޷Ҷֺ£Ҷ˫ȥȽҶ˫Ϲ
Ҷһǣͷڴɣžȥ漴ִա

Ҷ˫ץסͷڣͷ˺ѣ漴мһƬѹƵ裡
ЩƵͼ飬ԭڵ̬ҶͷִдһɹǿƵͳͳ֮С
ִֻͷеĵƵۣҲ۳ԼĵƵۣԽԽǿ
ʮͷҶȥ漴ʮһź¡£ҶܣС
һŵ𶯣ֻһͷڷɳ
ʮһλʥַʮһʽ׷ͬҶһˣӣ׼ᱻЩ˺飡
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Щ¶ȼߣƵۣĥţһλʥ
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СӣˣʮһλʥʵΧ֮£Ȼܷ
ʥʴ󾪣оֻͷڴӵзɳ
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Ҷ쾭۵ķ֮ݻգǵĵƵֻۣҶ쾭øΪľøǿ
ʮһλʥʴսѪͻȻоһڷٱ˼һ׷ɱȥֻλʥʺҲһһ׷򱬡
Һ
ƴ˴漴ʮֻƺȻϣæ΢ֻ컯Żǰֻۼ컯żʮλʥ飬Ѫֹ
СӣȻһлдһλʥʣ
մ·СԪĸֿ̫֮еⳡսĿѣҡĿⱩסƵΣо֣СӣʱȻʮһλʥʵΧ֮£ܷɱһˣ
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ҲһԹս֮ð亹⻻ԼҲᱻһд򱬣⣡
컯ǿñ̬֣˿ˣӴ֮컯ŷƣؽ£
ڿʮһλʥʵҶΪս֮У˸޷֪еΡ
Ƭ̣̫ڴմʮλʥʣñֻʣˣоֻԼĴʥͬ˿ǣΪкҶϣ
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漴֮дһХһͷɳ̽צʥһһץ飬£ӲһƵ̷ۣ븹
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£ǿĿһսͷ𶯣ֻһλ૵컯ŵķƣȻ̶ֳȣС
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788 ֮Ĺ
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Ҷһǡ
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ҶһƺѾУɱˣǸξͻȻɢգĶˡ
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Ҷɴʮʮһ˵ĵţԷĵƵΪѾﵽ׻Ʒ
УִѾɴɵƵۺɣԲãͬһɢ޾Ļ
ҶĵƵۣ쾭ֻʮһλʥʵľ˴룬Сľûбա
쾭ҪĽǴմĵƵۣ쾭еִմﵽʥʵĲΡ
ʮһλʥĵ֮УʵƵۣӦķγɵƵۣûб쾭ա
Щ̲ص˵ɼΪӴ󣬲Ҷ˵ȴǿпޡ
ҶЩƵۣӡãһдսӡɳƵۻΣ׷ȴʮʮλʥʻҪǿ౶
ʮΪϾǲûҵջʥʵƵۣǧӡܹɵ̫ӣĵƵۣԽеգɣҵ쾭ǰһ󲽣
ҶһҡֻһƵ۴ëӿϼһ㣬貶Ŀ
Щϼ⣬ʮһλʥʵƵۣҶ˵û˿ôϼ̲صĵƺ;ɼΪֲ൱λʥʵΪ
ڸλʥʵΪ˿ҲۣȮϲ쳣ſڣһƵɡ
ƼˣۣĵЩƵۣʥ´࣬Ҷ־Ȼ˷ѣιƹڣȻдմĵƵۣѵ½ϽĶһ岻ɣѹôി׻ʣûκ
Ʋɵӣ෴Ϊ֪Լܹ֮ɵʮһλʥʣҶйأֻϰԵϴѡ
ҶҲ²³һ
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Ȯɣգۼ佫λʥʵΪɣëȻҲʼ۳Ƶۣ
иƹΪʥʵĲΣֱһͷĹ춼ҧһ飡
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ҶѭȥֻͻȻһͬһӵ֮Уһֳָ裬
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̲֮Զžγɵĵ춯أͷ۷ʥʰǿľޣһʱƬ̼Ҳϡ
Ȼ֮еЩޣ֪˼֪մϱŷ˳빬ͼȡϣԼΪܹһս棡
ʥʳΪ棬뿪ţŲΪѣΣԼߣĵ򿪵ѳȥĸʱࡣ
ûоͷޣǰȥľޣҲѰһϣͼȡ
һͷ޲е̲صܣֱӱնϣʬᵱ
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̫Ӳһȥ㿴ΪôĵϷɳ
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Ȯæ¾޵ʬ壬ҡͷβ׷ǡ
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Щͭͬϼ߼Զ֮ɵ·ǹأƬռģһߴɵľľдС
ľ֦Ҷïֻʮ֦ɣÿ֦ϹʮƬ͵Ҷӡ
ÿһƬҶ֮Ͻͣһڹ餣ڵĹľһϴӹľбƣƣйĻöв㣣ش˵ĶС
ľĶˣͣһھ޴Ĺ餣餱һհΧͬеĴ֮УҶ֮ϣ
ڴгΪҫ۵ǻɬѶһ㣬˸޷Ħеİ壡
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鹬ʮ϶ûϵСԪУȻһƬĹǾԲῪƬСԪΪս
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һǰȥޱȣҶ˻Դ˶񣬻ɢȥ
ͻȻڿնһƬҶ֮ϣҶмĹǰ˿˫ַȻƿľ


789 ҹ
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Ʋɴսа
̫ӣﲻǴıֻЩװɣһλӴ۾һЦ
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Ҫǿڱ֮ףǰĿƥɨһ֮ס
Ҫǿ֮סλͷٵŮǰڵ
Ҫ֮ס

Ƭ餱㱻ڶԼӿĸֹϷϣ˴ǰͻȻֻһĮ
ģҹ


790 һĿ֮
֦֮ˣҶվ֮ǰˣĮմѾҶУеһУҵĶҵģЩ餣ҹ֮ףһУҶĳ֮
ģҹ
ƲϸǣֻһƵۡƲϴ֦֮г֮С
ޱӴޱȾľƵۣƣӿڡ
һ׻ʣȻҲǽǹ
ʼʥʧЦûɣλ׻ʣմĲƸЩӡʥʣͳͳߣǲǲߣĻᱻɱ˼ɣ
Ҷͷ˵ĲǴ⡣
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ܹóҶȻӵеƵۣҲӵнƣӦ׻ʵΪӦŻʥʵĸ
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ҶȻӵеƵֻۣҪûţɲʥʡ
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Щˣĸе֮ӣеŴɵĸͽܹӲҵľдģǸ֣ʵÿҲǳԨħǵȵεʥʣ
ǷƣҲҶʵЩ̫ǡ֮ʵӦЩӡʥ̣ô̫ӵ˿һǾͿ˵ڶе֮ףҶͳͳҪֻҪɡ
ֻȮҶĲƹĲҪֻӡ֮ӵζ
վƹߣֻһĿԼɱаҶֵθںõó֮⣬»޵áͶ·ƹƹ˿϶һԶƹȥˣѡ
մҵĶǽҵĵ̣ҵıұ˳ɱǡ
Ҷ̤ǰһӡʥʣܹڣʵףȴü
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ʼʥͻȻڿնһ֮ŸʿУг͵Ļ֮ϣ̽һֻ֣ԲʮɣͣҶݺץЦ˵ֹܶңֻ·һ
ͬγɵͳͳɵƶ죬֮ǿޱȡ
ʼڕF磬ʼͳΣǕFİʼڲͬ˰꣬һ˴һӴ壬Ů԰ֻ֮࣬ѵĶŮʸ񱻳ʥӡʥŮ
ʥӱ֮һʵǿ󣬱ȴʮʥʵʵҪ࣬һֳ֮ʥѾ꣬ĵţ

һ촫ֺ֮ݺҶϣЦһƱ׽ĳ࡭
ҶվʥӵĴͻȻһѣȻûܺҶֺ
ʥӲһҶ̧ͷһĿգһĿ£֮неƵתڡ
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ʥӲҽһݺķɣһײȥɲײһ֮ͭϣײһ̲࣡
ʥӣ˵һĿ޷㽻֣ƫƫһĿͰɳ࣡
ҶջĿ⣬ֻͷںȻɢȥһɵĵƣص֮УĿ⣬ұһ۵㣡
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ȻȻҶ˵һĿ⽫ʥӵɳЩ󣬴бŷĿ⣬Ŀô򵥣һ׷̫ĿϳҶз׷ǴմĴӡ
Ҷ׻ʵΪһ׷ܽʥλ׻ʴ࣬ɼʵȷǿƥڳǿļ֮һǿλ
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Ҷʥһۣ·˵һ΢飬Ϊһͳͳɱ⣬һ
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֦֮ͬһɲ֣ԴԴϹӴľ·ЩһΪ֮֮УֻЩΪصԼ֮жѡ
Щơۣոӿ֮У̿ʼֽ⡢飬ҶԼ֪ʶ
ЩƵ̲ޱȷḻѶϢָĶԵ⣬ӴѶϢҶ
ֻɵĵ뵽ʮ磬ʮԽԽ̣ԽԽʵ
ΪֵͣƿʼۣʮĽʼƣǳӻȪͳͳʼɵۣЩƵ̲صϢ֮֮࣬۽ʶԽԽ
ΪлһŻƣ
ΪڣԵΪţƵ۳ɵţʥʣ
ҶҲʥʣѾıԵ
磬׻ɵɵ磬Խ绯һֺţɾʥʣ
ĿǰǷȱģʱôӴѶϢ
ˣ¥УͬʱҲڼȡ֦֮е׳ɳ֦֮еĵƵۡƣܿҲֳһֵƵۣ֦֮ϵĵƵһģһ
Щƣ̲شҶ޷⣬Ȼ޷ֻһͬƮ
һɵƮҶɫ̲شɢޱ׺ܣգʱն޷ܣ
˿Щƣɫ΢䣬Щϣÿһһش̲صشֹһ֣ǽʮֵشۺϹͨڲأ
ңʱƣҶҲԽԽǿֵϡԽԽ࣬Ʈӵȥһ󶯵
һķɣһٵĸо
ҶƮƣƵӵ
ΨһͬǣҶ޷Щơ


791 ͱ
Щд֣ͬͬ·̲Īĵ֮±
ԭմе֮׺֮ףõĶõӦһƬ
̫۾һĿҶĵתƵ֦֮֮ϣɵôϲЦû뵽û뵽մоȻȵıĵƣӦñ̲صش֪νشΪУʵ㻹òֵϺƣ

ӡʥĿⱬ䣬ˢˢҶµ֦֮ȥ
ѵǴпԳ֮ʧ
Ŀ˲òµƽƣУޱȸߴǳڲһΪŴ֣ϧǣѾ𣬲֪٣û뵽ȻƬ
£פ㣬ԯΪѹʵĲҲ£ͨ

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Ϊʵڳе֮еĵһˣѾ۷ʥʵľ磬ʼ򿪵ţѳȥĵز
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794 Ű
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Ҷͷͯ£׵˿ĵţƤˣʱס鹬ʮ棬ٹãǶܴҵ֪½磬ûбҲûʲô۾ҳǾΣˡ
ǿ̫ӵˣÿһ˶ǷŴ󴵷ݣݺݵĴһסʮ棬Щ̰֮ߡ
Ҷü鹬ʱȫҲᰲȫã½磬һص컯ţսѱ˿칫˵鵽컯ŵĵؽ磬϶ܹ
ʱЩʢŭ֮£ҶȻ
ϧ̱뿪鹬ӣױʮ濴ţǵĻɡʮ滳ûν֣̱Ҫҵ
ʵǿЩյĹʬϱɼһߣһʬֻ΢΢̧֣ԽҶ̫ӵͳͳڿС
칫Щ棬㲻ЩʬҲȥԶ
ڶʱڣԽţԽа裬ԽǰȫʮԽҶңȻˣұȥҽ֦辳գԳɾʥʣȻŻ뿪˵أңڡ
Ҷ뵽۵ңֻ֮뵣ΪŨ
ʮСȻ̫Ҳûбһ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷ¥ȡ̿ʼ̲صֻƵۡƷӵڣʥʵľ磡


795 º˲ʶ
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Ҷ뿪֮ϯβȻŭſɷҲһСС׻ʣʥʶǣϰĽɫҲвңв棡СӣһҪɱйߣǧ꣡
칫Ŀֵ̧ϯʦ԰ꡣ˵׻ʲУӦôͷ򵥣ǳˣ鹬鷳֮þǿ߾˭
һͷ£Ѿ˴Ϣ̫󣬲Ѱһ˵ĸţһ꣬£Ϣ
СӣǺѶԸѶԸˡϯʦ֣Ҫʵ򵥵Ĳˡ
һλǺһЦ棬ͨŪһ׻ʻ򵥣ɱôӣһ֣ױԽˣ̫ҲɱˣֻһԳɾ棬ǳΪ棬һ죬ҲѡɱҶٱȻдҶٱ˳Ƥ޹ء
ϯ۾һЦȷһ׻ʣֱ̫ˣ趯֡ôΣ֮أЩطҲѱֻһʦ񣬰򷢹ȥ֤ɣ
һʥʣȻ˵ѹǣ˲ɣ֮˳ֻ֣轫򷢳鹬ִʦ񣬰·ɱֱӽ֪

鹬һɽ֮У̫ĿȡĵΪһƵۣӿԼĵ֮С
ҶһսĵűҶ鲻֪ƵۣҶѪһܵĴˣ
̫ӣ˿ܴأ
ͻȻһЦ̫Ŀһ˭ҳЦң
ⲢǳЦʵǸҶٱˣҵȶУ޷ϡ
һӰͦأ̫ӵĵۣĿ磬ɨЦ㱻ҶٱˣǴʥңͬҲС֮⣬аʥӡӵˣͳͳڴ˵У˼ʥҴû˵ˣƫƫЩøʢӡʥʣ仨ˮնɱʮˣͳͳ޹⣡ʴ𣬲̫ҪͬҪ
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̫Ŀϣ˼Ҫ񹬵ˣ
ѵƣӷʵ
̫ӰȻһЦֻҪ޳棬ͬһֻϣ˵
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һơ
һЦֲܱܶʮ͵Ϯ֮Ǳ㹲ͬдͻƣͬΪ棡
̫Ŀֻ⴦ۣԽԽ࣬Ըӡʥʼüһãжʮˣ΢ЦãáȻһģôұ㲻͸¶һܸǣʮ֮УѾͶҴմ֧ҸʴȡλıҶٱȻᰲţ֣
˶һۣ¶֮ɫ
ʮţû뵽ȻѾһλ棬õλЧңϢʵھˣ
̫û˵˵գò²˾˭ֵ̫ô󷽣㴫ĶУҲͬ޿κΣҲ¼ɣʮġ
̫ӹЦҸΪۣٵǴ󱦣ʶʱ񣬰Ϊʦ֣ͬʦֵܣ໥֣Ϊǽһ·ҸʵǻƵۣϴȺʱҲԱסԼԼ˵
Ȼͨ󣬲һ֮
ȷӦֳҾأЦȻˣСݼʦ֣
˶һۣ볤Ҿأݼʦ֣
̫ӹЦ־ĵҸʵǻƵֹۣһӣȴԼһ˲վȸš
ʦ֣Ҷٱǳʱ뿪鹬ֻƾǻ޷罫ɱӪ˵Ϣȥ粽У뿪鹬۹׿Ц
ĿЦˣԪ̫ӣӵ֮Ҳͳͳͷȥݺݵظʺӣ֮ж粽УߵδҪ׷ɱֻܹ鹬УʦΪ棬ٽɳ鹬ȡȡ
⣡
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¶Ц⣺վ˶ӣǣûǣ鹬̧ͷˣҪ֪վӡ˵³
磬һɰӿҶǰǰɱʮλӺ͸ʥϢֶߣܿ촫磬֪ĺ䶯
졢F졢졢졭Ŵ磬֪Ӵͬһʱ´ɱ
ӪУһλݸ߹ŵʿǶͻȻһõͲֻͲ֮ʮŸǩӪϿջʮ㣬Ҷ
ܣľǩԻʮŵ飬Ȼ㲻һ׻ʵĸţ
ͬʱ֮һŭ𣺡ҶӱһҶСɱˣҪһҶ֮ˣ
һƬϵУһ׳ͻȻŭһѹŵŮһ飬ѪټЦ¼䣬˵ɱҵĶӣҵĶ԰ƣһûʲôˣɱҶӣǺݺݳʼҵ
̫칬ͥ츮ȵ桢ͳͳ˶
ԴӲ󣬵λԭһķΧ֮У۾ȻΨͷ⵽˵Χг
ҶһټɧԭƽңҾ
ڴ˿̣ҶɰȵԼɽ֮Уȡ֦еӴĵֻҪͻƣɾʥʣ֪뿪鹬˻ˮ޷󣬶Ҵ½磬ûˣûжϵңӴ֮뺣ңڣĴѰƬ
⼸ΪΪԽŨ޽ӽʥʣϧǣʼ޷һڵĵƵۻһţʥʵľ硣
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796 ͬ
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ѳɣʥȻЩʥиָ㣬֧ţҲ౦ǰ˵ľǲο
ҶȴԼĥһ쾭ѾԳϵźǰ˵ľ飬òֻܲο
ң鹬ʥأҲûеõ鹬֧֧ţָ㣬˵ȫǰңԼǰС
ҾҪۺֵĵţ
Ҷϸϸ˼ʥ͵ĵţԨħĳħţħĺڵħţӵĴ֮ţƵ컯ţʥӵ֮ţ෱࣬ǿģ̫ӵĴʥţ
ߵģۻ۵ʮ֮ţ
׻ʥĵƵԽ࣬޳ɵĵűԽǿŵҲԽߣɾҲԽǳʶ
Ҷ쾭䣬ԴһϵԳһңĵţ϶еʥʵĵŶȻͬ
۳һţǰĸһֻ֮ȫܽĵŴ
۵ķԳһϵͰԵĵűǴʥţŵߣͬ졣
Ҷϸ̵Լĵۼķĵۿĺ޵ʥʵľ磬޳ɺɵţźǺɴȴʥй֮޲
һֵۼķĵʣʿϸʴ۾޳ɵĵţȻţԶͥĺΰ׳ŷӡ죬ȷƵۼķ
ۻ۵Ĺ֮ǵԳϵ޳ʥ֮󣬹ƶ񹦵֮ʮܾˡ
۵澭۶ɵ֮ţƿ
ǹʦĴСǶǿ֮ţҲǲǵۼķ
ǣЩķ͵ĵţԪʼš
ţʮĵƵۣɣޱǿԶʥšɵšԼ֮ţ
ŵǿҶҲԪʼһĵ·
ҵĵţ죬ʮأǧ磬ǲԶͥĻ֣ٵ֮⡣ҵĵź棬磬ԪʼԼ
ҶͷͻȻһ򣬵֮󣬾ǴӵѳȥὫƵۻɾ͵ϣΪ档
˵ŵ̬ҪӱģΥԼĵΥ

֦ںĹеҶή֦Ҷ㣬֦һء
Ҳ̲סĵ׻ҶУҶһ֡
ʮ죬ʮڤǧ磬ͳͳֻص֮£ҵ쾭Ƹ죬ٵ֮⣬ҵĵţֻţ졢ֻ֮󣬾ǿٵأأ
Ҷһʮ硢ǧ硢ʮڤħԼֻͻȻ߽⣬Ƶ۷ɳ飬һĵţ
ԽԽ̣ԼԼƵͬƮƵţгͬ
䣡
ֻͻȻƵ衣
Ҷƺһһ˿ѪֻЩƵϣֻټֻأ
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Ҷ΢΢˼ʱ֪ԼΪβܽɡ
Ҳǲɵţǻ۵̫٣µŲȹ̣͸ĵƵۣʮ죬͵ţõŲңԶ磬ʮ˲ʮڤħֻǵСƬγɵ磬޷ʮ˲γ磡ֻʮ˲ĵƵۣܳ͵ţõȹ̣
뵽üѾ۷׻ʣ׻ʾƷĸ߶ȣΪ֮۷ʥʻҪֲ౶
ˣͿ͵ţΪʥʣʥ
ֻţȴҪޱĻۣ磬Ȼֻͳܻȹ̵ĵš
ҵõǧˣƵ۹ǧ磬ֵõ֦辵ӴۣˣҲˣȴҪӴĻۣܳɾ͵š
Ҷ̾˿͵ţһͣǻۣҪϵµ֪ʶ
ֻ̫ǿ̫죬ҶĿǰ۳ֻ޷ܣҶҪ磬пֻܽͣΣֻŶ
ȻûͻƣΪʥʣʵȴڴմУǿʥ֮УҲе֣
ҶͻȻָһֻࣵһ죬ǰգһָһССĶڡ
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ҶһۣתͷĿɨϯΣңң֣ϯʦ壬Щ˽Զ֣ͬţѵ鹬ӹʣ
ϯ۾ͬ߰ɨҶһֻۣ֮ͬΪд׷ͬͬţˣǻûô
Ҷɫһͬд裬Ȼ޿ɺǣֳô죿
һλǺЦֳҲ֮ʧ̾ֻ̾ϢӢš
˵ͻȻ˵֮Ƿƺ͸ˣҲʡ
ȻҲͬʦֵܽ
Ҷһƺ͸ߣһȭȻײĵźȥֻ𶯣űҶһȭɣƵ۴ϰ߽⣡
Ǽʹɱ֣˿⵽ҶһȭÿѪҶһһһһͷŲ£
λʥʴ󾪣æٻصţӲֵҶһţŭҶٱΪ棬һŲң
꣡
ĵֱӱҶһŲ飬ĵƵۣ
ֻŴͷϣࣵһͷ­ȱż£ͷһ·ȥӲȳһ̲⽴
Ҷһһ٣Բͬһ籩쫷ϯգ˵飡


797 ۼӡ
Ҷһ֮λͬŲȱ쫷磬ͳͳƷɣ֮⣬˲Χƺ͸Σûһ˵ǰ
һԥһ£תߣ̫ڵɽȥ
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Ҷһһǰһָȥʱ쫷ͣЪƺһָŤ͵һָλʥʵȥ
λʥɫ֣̿ٺˣŵǰֻһҶָĵ֮ϣźһķѣƵۻһ߽⣬飡
һҶָüģָ⣡
λʥϵĻ֮̿ɫ·̻ϣ漴ͷ­֮һɳһ𣬶Ȼ£÷飬šơۣ飬ͳͳУ
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ҶٱɱͬţضĹ㣡һλʥʱ֮Уȵ
д裬ʧɱˣ½Ѿ˵ˣͬдֳҲ֮ʧ
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ҶҲһƷǧӿ֣׻ӡ۵һ죬ݺ̫ӵĴʥ֮ϡ
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Ҷһƣȴȵŵȴķѣֻʣһſ̫ƺһѪ־ŭСӣʵôôѸ٣⼸Ѿһϣ֮Уʵ࣬û뵽޷סһ
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λӦǴ̫ӵĸ֣Ҷǿ֮ĩɺȻҶ֣Цۼӡ֮Ҳָ࣬ĵۼӡӡ֮Уƶɱ֮ѻǣӡ׸յ۾һմã
ͻȻ鹬һֻȻ̽˵ֻ֮飬ֻĮȻˣ鹬ǿͣһˣ鹬ɱ鹬ĵӣĵ鹬ʮϹӣǰô
鹬ɱ鹬ĵӣ̫ˣͻƳɾ͵۾Ҳð֮踣ĵ£ϯ̤ǰһߵҶǰλ˶ţݡ
칫ЦҲԽڶҶǰЩˣʮӣ㵱ǵɱӰĵӣΪʮ˲ɣ
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798 
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˿ɽеĵۣѾȡ֮һӲӵĹûʡ
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ÿһһشۣʮڣÿһڶһ𣬳ޱȣڻգ
ƣʮִۿķţ档ƣʥ棬Ҳ޷쵽ڴյ۾Ѿ򿪡
ᶶֻһ⿪ÿһչΪһĵϣֱ۴ϸɣԣڰζ
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Цһչ¶ۼӡӦӣܿͻɥ
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ЦӲ칫Цص侮ʯϯΣë٣û½ʤ赶ɱ˺졭Щ϶겻֪ˣˣҲǵңɱҶǸСӣҪռĵۼӡ
ҶٱֻҵĵۼӡҲֻҵ
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칫Ŀ̫뿪Цһ漴תͷҶ񣬻һЦݣˣƤʵ̫õ棬Ȼʦֶλ׻ʳ֣ҪʵڲҪʦֶúܣʦҰƣûİ㣡

ϯɫأͷϾ棬ʵǿᣬʦֶһƵƵϣƱԽԽأղʮΪһк󻼣
ʮڣκҲ˵㣡Ȼ
ЩԭĸҶ񶼲˳ۣ޲ɱйߣ˿ȴһػмӣӣͬڿһϡ䱦˵һģ˭һȥ
һ棬˵ң
ҶЦɨһۣɫȻͷ칫ϯΣǺܺã֪ܲͶҲ;ǹԹԵĸңλٵǵλ֮ȻǵĺôǸжģԣͳͳҪ
Ҷں񣬺ݺݵشһ漴һƺ͸ߣХԼɽ֮С
칫λЦݣĿȥҶɽ֮У˵ɫ˲ࡣ
Сӣİʮ浱Ĺˣ֮֮ȥ
ϯĿ̲סˣڱȥѻǣõĵۼӡ
ǺЦϯʦ֣ɱͰɱˣõȵڣ
СӲⱲ˶ã
칫ĵۼӡֵ֣˵ҲĲƸһ׻УĴ˵УǵС
ʦкƣϯμæʵ
칫΢΢һЦСѾǳ£鹬ӣЩ治£ֻҪ뿪鹬СӣӦǸֵһֱ鹬У֮ʱǳ֮ʱֻҪǵУλڱ㲻ǵͷϡ
֮УҶ񽫷ƺ͸£ͻȻƺһȻһ죬ըһѪ
ӲƴһǣܴأղʮǰֻǿѹơصԼסƶʱ
ƺ͸ˣҲ⵽شֻûҶضѡ
ʮû˵ĵϵȷ֮ڣƻܣͼΪ
ɣĥһ˿һƣʥ˵ƣ޷
ֻ棬ϣ˵ĵȥ
Ҷ֮ԾܾʮˣȴǵԼƿأʮ϶Գû̽ѰĹǧӡʮӡͳͳߣ
ǧӡӡͬҲΪֵ̲ƵۣҶҲ޷شǧִԶκһλ棡
ʮ棬ǵۼӡ˵죡
ʮҪѧӡ򵥵ıǶȡΪ򣬱Ϥգ
֣֣Ҷˣǰװ׳Կ
Ҷ̽һץ¥ץһ˶СԪлõ̫Ц㹻˾ԭΪܸһ¥ˣ
ƺ͸۷ֱȻ֪̫֮СԪУҶΪϧԪ̫ӵռ˰ŭ档û뵽˿̣ҶȻȡǻָΪơ
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ϣҶƣȻҶѹĵϣ
һֻ¶֮ɫɻôˣ
εСԪб̬ħħȻǵɣϣΣճ̶ȱȵϻҪǿᡣҶֵƣӦòҪġ
ɴ۾ȻֻҶڵĵϣ˿Ѿͳͳѹ
ͣ
ĵϱҶƳУһצ䶯ϣȵƵ۸˲֪ٱ̲ԼԵ
ȻǸ̬Сֹ
ͯ죬ӡ
Ҷһ𣬶ʱһӳͨڵĸоеĵϿȥֵֻϤȻء
ԭһõ棬࣡´ұƤҶһͻȻſһٴڡ
ͷƿΣüƱжеҶ֣òײŽƵϱƳΪΡ
û˵ȥֻϸոսҶڣƬ̣Ҷڱ㴫ȻһֻһȸղŴִʮƵϴҶڳ࣬ƮҶ


799 
ĵϣȻǱҶƳ³£ȱĵƣ
ͷƶһۣ˴е֮ɫΪʥʣ϶ܣ˵ϣȱĵϲȫˣ
Ҷ۷׻ʣδ׿ʥʵľ磬Ȼ׳٣ʵţ
ҶֵƮüϧĵʵ̫ˣ޴Ҳȫҵʮ졭
ơ˴˸սæҶ֣治ܶԸĽɫǴµĸ֣˼ѾͻƣΪ۾ˣ
ҶЦҲֻ˵˵ˡ
ƺ͸˿ȫȫ⼳ȡ̫޸ˣǵأδ˵ֻ޸ĵƵۣԻָ
̫̲ŸָĵƵֻۣǿٸԭ
ãһԾȣΪҲѾȬ
֮󣬷ΪоҲøˡƴϲЦ
ü̫ӽͳͳգԳƴʦ֣ԣ޷ȥǵΪƱػᱻǳԽ
ҶͻȻſһֻޱȴִ̫ХĿУ˼ΣһʧҶ֣̫̲صʵھ޴󣬶лĵҲҪСһСıᱬ
ҲɫĵĵϣȵϸӸҿ
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Ҷո˵⻰ͻȻд¡һ죬Ӹ߸¡̫ڱըƵºɨĴƻ
ҶƺһԽԽʱܱ̫ơ
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õֻضȻ֣¡תһϴڳ˲Ϣ뵽ʮ֮С
䣡䣡
ֱ۴ֵشֻ֮ͬУͬ䵽ʮڡ
ҶſһŨҵֻ̫鹬񷶸Ȼһİߣ˲Ϣ㳤ǧȴǱһ
Ũңˮưô
Ҷڶֻ̫ѹڻ֮࣬һʱʱ޷Ϊ
û뵽̫̲ص˾ˣ֪֮ٱȫܡ̫ݼѾͳͳգһҲûʲô
̫شֵƵͳͳֻʮһЩ볹ȹ̵Żһκܴľ롣
֣֣ǿ֪֮УﻹҶһѯʵ
֦ѾոɾƬƿĴУԶܶȡ
ҶʱǰͰʹԼ磬͵ţɾʥʡ
඼֮ڴУҲһЩûˣڼΪΣ֮ء
һ̫븹УȻ£ĿЦЩΣ֮أͬҲ䣡ÿҲвǿǰȥ˲أҲջȻˡټ֣ǰЩطѰұ飬˲֪ˡҶֵʵ飬еİȫЩϣ
΢΢üЩΣ֮Уģ档Զʮ飬Ƭγɵķ棬绹ҪӴޱ޼ʡ֮ΣأеļأҲ̤㣬֮ǣ
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Ҷ¶֮ɫλȥ棬ҴŻǵʱΪ𾳶ѡΣգܴлŻ
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һЦҶ˵ЦˣʥʵʵΧҲޱȣвɥƽ룿ѣֻıԵתһȦ
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Ҷĵ֪Ӧʦ֡ħô
ǿռԴû˵֮أӦڵЩ˵Ը񣬱ȻԸͶˣӱ
˻죬ֻԼƴʵ̫ѣҶ֪еļ
²˳٣̳ǰ棡
̳鹬ȥ
˸ո뿪̵̫֪ϢЦѾ뿪鹬ɱǶᱦ֮ʱ
΢΢ü£δͻƳΪ棬þա
·ͻƱǣҶٱˣеۼӡһ֦辣ܵõͻף
̫ӵһɽ漴ټɽ֮ϵʥӣ״ֻøߣ£֪ҶٱѾ繫У˳鹬϶֪ҪɱҪɱó磡
̫ɱڣƳ鹬һۣɭȻ鹬ʮ棡ǷʮǱңɱۣ
ȻһЦҵõʵһƣʮϣʵȣټɱһҶٱڻ£
Ҳ鹬ȥֻ鹬һɹϢȻ漴ȥ֪ȻʮͬҲҶ֣û١
ЦһͻȻԽԽ뵽֮Уʧ
Ҷ鹬ʮԼ̫ӵ뿪֮ͻȻֻ鹬նγһƣͬһۼƮ
ЩƮգһλӺݸ߹Ů׻δ֪Ŀռ両ֳҶȥķȥ¶˼֮ɫ
ҶҶٱ˺񡭡ѵֻˣţԻڶ鹬
漴ȥʧ
Ҷ֣˸ˣ
鹬⣬ɫģˣһСúܣϲĴ鹬Ȼ½ƣ񸮵ĽƼҲ޷κ˵Ķҡ˿鹬еʮ棬Ѿˣ̫ӡԼӡʥʣҲͳͳ㳲
ʮ棬ûвҵĸ֮ǰԲ׶֣ǿų⡣̫Ӻӣ߹һֻѶԸ֮⣬鹬⣬ӦеЩӵȴҳ㽫ɱ
Ҷо鹬⣬һɹɻɬϢǱ΢Ц棬Ҳ׷ң
ͻȻ佫ͷƾһӡչʱλһ⣬ʣ
θոʧͻȻֻ鹬ⶸȻһ޴֮һ˩һͷɢߣϺһɨеɨ飡
ÿٶȣ
֮⣬ӶȻ֣ĿҶȥķɨȥЦҵū޷


800 һ
΢ֻ޴ͻȻСͷһС
̫ɫɨһۣȻ񹬹ȻʵˣȻһλУūūۡ⼸գҲûţѾеõ֧֣
ɱҶ˲ֹǣҶһɲǣ鹬⣬֪Ϣϯʣ׷Ѱȥ
ӡٶȺεȾˣҶո̤磬ŴӡϪ˦Ӱ١
˿Ϊӡչٶȱȴǰǧٱֹ棬Ҳסǵ⣬漴뱻ԽԽԶ
ƺ͸Ҷٶ𾪣ֻҶǶݹȥ涼ԶԶƲ
ٶ̸˫׷ɱ´࣡
֮Ҷ˿ԽĴ󺣡
Ҷ֣ڣƬ캣֮СͻȻڵ
Ҷɢȥӡӡ·ΪҲЩܲס
ĿƬԶɨȥֻĴ󺣱׻ĺҪ޼ʣеΪ棬һЩǿħ
ĺˮҲͨˮǼΪߵȵˮǧ磬ǼΪ˵õϣ񾳵ĴԪ֮
ȱȴضǣʽ
ҶĿ⴩͸غˮȥֻںҲɽҲжӦǺеħ֮
ʱʱιһȻ֮ϻϯξˣĻ¶˻ʵһ
ڸԶ֮ױ׹ͬ׻ʼ󺣣ƺˡ
־׻ѿȴ˾ռߵ顣

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ҶҶ֣¥Ǽ˵̴˵Ƕ棬ϵ̣һɼǳɣ
Ҷ񲻽ݣЦһǳһλȷ컯ǳƳһɽҪѷɫ࣡
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ëʱַˣЦȻ컯ȣһ棬һλ֮𡣲ҲС֮УҲûмܹǳ
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ҶȥֻŮգ˿΢΢ζһ˫۾Ե̾һס
Īȥ
Ŀӷɨ漴Ҷϣ¶֮ɫЦԭ컯ŵķҲڡﱸλ͵Ǵһ𡣡
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֣֣λرҶҶְɣ
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ЩǶƭǣǱˣƺ͸ɫæҡͷ
ЦͨڶģҶҪ࣬һλԴʥʱ㱻ͨѾ˼꣬ǵû޳Ϊˣ̫̫ˡҶ֣Ǿͨ㿴
ȡһ񵥣ҶӹʱֻԼȻڵһλٵǰס
ŰҲһصױ֮ϣԼЦò֣ͽֽһ˺ӦСԪմʱҶɱ˵αױ֮С
ڶλûòӦǴ̫ͨ󣬻òᱻ֪
λ棬պգǣɱ㣬һλ۷档
λǼ棬һλĺ󹬣еͳͳɲ

ֶˣڰ֮ϣÿһ׼Ҷ񲻽ƣɱʮӱһʵǹˣЩһһԶԶ硭ףħҲڰϣӦʦ֣ͷ⼸һ׸ʲô캦ˣ


801 Ī
ħʡӦڵͨϵںħ𡢱ħȰħ֮£ǰһӦͬʱͬ
캦飬ͨȴû˵
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ҶɫŹ֣ĳǳأÿһʥ۷ʥʣӦڵϽʱͳͳڼʹУʵǳȫʢ״̬Ը۷׻ʶЩѣôᱻٰʮǣ
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ĹĹеԴЩȸŴ󷧵УȼɭϣΪЩŴµһԱ޷档
ԵǿߣǿߣЩƿ֮Уٻ⡣ǿߣ
½½ĹӦڵħʵ½֮ţѱڶ
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ƺ͸Σ˴ҪЩˣͳͳ֮أ
ЦһҿպЩ˵֮ҲҪ˴͵ıͳͳΪУҶٱԴȥͣҪСҿ³лҵū
о䣬Ц˴Ҽ͵ıＫ࣬崬ϣĻҪС˲֮һǶ۱ĲϣȻֻССһ飬ɣ͸۾񡣲ҪֱͳĴʵڹأҵ̲סġ
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ˣҲͬСɣͨʥܿ⡣
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ӵֻ̫ӡӵ鹬ǿ߷׷״ҿպгٴ˵أһУԽԽСġ
е߿˵Īԣɫأʦ֣ū˵Ҷٱ˵زиִսһͻ棬Ĵ飬һѵ˵Ҷٱ
̫´еȻһ·׷ҶҿպеūܴǧϢҶ˵ζǿͱҶ˦Ӱ١
񹬵񣬵ȷͨҵյ۾ľУСӴˣĻȻΪʦֻ֣ίߣò
Ȼ룬ߣԼҲһЩյ۾Ƶϣ˿Ѿȫȥд򿪵ѳȥİա
ֻҪΪ棬̫ţӺūǿĻҲͳͳ޷зκ˻
ٹãĵϣ㹻İճɾ棬Ҵķǵۼķĳɾ͸ҵʵҲǧٱκıƣھԵʵǰͳͳû֮أ
ĿҶٱˣ֪Ϊλڴ˵һЩǿ߽棬˴ţ˵ʵȷǿᣬѾѹʵںˣʲô׿ҿպͨεأ
׿һžӨͨ͸ԲֻԲ򸡿գչ־ĵɽʹһζֳҿպĵò
ҿպͨһͨ磬һͨء׿ϸ
ء˵죬Ӧƿð˵׷ɱȥѰͻƵĻᣡ
̫ӶȻ׿ûн·ǰأһأԾ͵ؽɱ
׿ҡͷʦ֣ȥֻһ·ǶȻûпߵ˵ǰ档
̫ӳȻˣֻ󣬴֮Уٽˣ
˺ХȥûƬ̣мȻҿպεһ漴Х̫ӵ뿪ķ򣬺Ȼ֮
򿪵ţѳȥΣգΪԽߣ۵ĵƵԽ࣬ѳȥʱԽĴѹ
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쾭ʵǿףõĵƵԽԽ࣬ʮʮ˲֮󣬴Ŀ϶޷
򿪵ѳȥʱصĴͳͳѹֲֿе涼޷ܣ˵ⲻס
ܳɹѳȥɾ棬ɾ֮ҲǰδУԽĵһۣԪʼ
Ľ̰֣رĽ̰һҶ࣬ǶƵ۵۽ʶҲԳɾʥ۵ţѳȥɾ棬м档
Ҷ˽Խ࣬ԽǸоѵĿֲѹ£ųɾŵʥʶ޷ȹһأȲֻ·һȥ
ڻδ۵ţû쾭ʥʼķЩδ̫һЩ
Ҷҷ£Ľ̰ĵΣĵһӰ
Ҷ֣صĲڡ
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ƬݣֻһطȽϡ͸¶ĺɽĲɣ֮С
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Ҷ֣Զʮ֮أķĹ
ЦԶŵ磬ҪԶڴ౶в֪磬֪ǿĴڣҲв֪漣ʱرѣǸᣬϴƬγ硣˵Ԫʼǵһ̤ʱһƬһˣн˳еĶħ硣
Ҷԣݣ̾ƶ죬磬Ԫʼǹеĵһˡ綼԰ᶯֺΰʵڷˣ󣡡
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˾죬˴磬Ԫʼһ֮ᶯŴ磬֮аᵽ˵أʵ˾̾
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Ƶûͨʵ޷صĿռݡҶܹգ˵Ӧòѡ
˷ٽӽֻصвԸǿߣ׼֮С


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⣬ǿ׼أҶɨһֻۣһսգɢֲĲͼ䴩صĿռݣʻС
ıݴ޷󣬱Ⱦǧ绹ҪӴ౶ֻıǱ˴ͼĸ֣ѡ˴ƿݣС
صı֮лϸ΢ȱڣͨ˴׻һͨԴء
ң˼ң·ңؼңЩأ׼̽Ѱˡ
ĿɨȥЦ⼸ңɢɢСЩɢޡ
ƵͷЩкֹ֮ǿߣµ̣˱ûô˥ܣûдǰǰʢЩҴ˴δĽأһΪѹеĲƸȡԴʱ
Ҷѵûдң
ȻСףң칲ңңâңҾĺңµĴңްԣۺе۱֮컯ź͸ֵ񸮵ĵ̶Ҫ࣡
Ц֮⣬ԯ۵ԯң֦ҶӴ̱ҶҪۺ񡣲Ƶ֮ԯұ⵽ѹ˶ʮ꣬ҲС˵ԯҲû֪Щ۵¸أ۶ЩҲ֣ײᶯǡ
Ҷ񲻽пĸʵǶţëʤ
ҡ˼ҡ·ҡؼҵȻѾû䣬ɲС˴γ֣Ľ̰ľʥʣ
ҶܹоЩս֮Уشļ¶༫ǿĴڣжʱһݡ
ʥ磬˵һ޴ķˮ룬ͬķõĳɾҲ֮Ľ̰ʥʣķ̫Σɾ㲻϶ķۼķʥʼһĽ̰ǿ֪ٱ
Ƕǿߵ̨µķ֮࣬ʤ͵ǿҲͬʤ
ҶΪԼ۷׻ʵˮ׼Ժɨʥʡ
ʥʾƷֻʥ𲽣ɾ;Ʒʥ֮󣬲Ŀʼ̫Ľ̰ľ磬ԿҲĻ۴ﵽܹ򿪵ѳȥĵزʤһ
ҶĿĵۿĴʤһĵۼķôҲֻһ;ǲȫʮ죬ʮ˲͵ţеʥʣԪʼķҲͳͳҵĶ֣
۵ţΪʥʣұֱ棡
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ڶڵһ棬ԼԼԿһưܵ磬һֻɫĴƮǧٿףϨ˿ˣֻ׳۳ĺ
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Щ;޴ó棬ʳһճҺ֮ǽ˲Ϣ֮丯ˮóһӵϣ˲Ϣʳһա
ճҺĸʴǿÿ£ʥУҲܴ𣬵Ƶڣ

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·ֵõɶ˻棬ɶ˻Ĵ趯֣ЩСɶԼͶˡ˼ս֮ϣһŮЦ
С壬ȻôŰԵ

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һȭ磬Ƶӿ֣ȭͷϣд֮ƣ˼սԭóʳǧٿףٳһȭʱķѣǹ˼ŮҲδһõ飬һѪ
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Ҷ񵱼˫һǧӡɳеңԼơͨ
СӣɱĴôˣ߹˼ҵΪ㻹ܻӳҵģ
һϵֻ涸Ȼ˫һ񣬽ԵʹŮˣɳҶ׷ȥλ棬ҵӵȰǰæչˣϷɱС̻

Ҷ˳̧ͨͷȥһƬѵɽӿĻɽɺԵĴӣ̳Ĵ󺣣ͷһǧٿ׵̫һƬһ
̫Աߣһȱһǵ·ǲ֪ʲôҧһڡ
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ͭͷǣͬ˱ըͶ˺ѵأӦص飡
˵ݴԯ۵УʬݸɽһݴһԴһȪħڵɽšôݴ
ҶĿ࣬ԶԶݴͷ­Ӵʿ֮;˿̼ݴı壬ǰ־ͷ
ԯɱݴ֮ʮλλʬȴ֪䡣ѵλħʱû֮Уݴԭеħ񡣻һܣǾλħݴ𣬶һеħֻͬѣ
Ҷϸϸ㣬õڶֿ󣬱ϾоǿǰѰ˵ݴ֮أôݵͻᱻǿѰߣ죡
ݴԯλǿƥħȴֻеϣûƣӦһλ档
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ƸͷЩħʳ˻ʡ׻ʺʥ֮ѪΪߵȵҲʥѪʥѪ֮деƵۣ޴󣬵˵ʥѪʮֵ΢ˣ޷ħָʢѪ
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Ԫӡһ磬ж󣬱ԷӡĵطҶͨ쳹֮ܣƾһʽӡһѽץ𣬷ӡУԪʼǰ죡
ֻҶΪǽʥ֮䣬Ԫʼľ绹һޱңԶľ룬޷һƷӡĵز
ˣԪӡҲԽƬɽ֣ħʬС
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Ҷһһֻּץħʬһַֻڶ𣬻̫ӡӲ档
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Ѫڣǿд߶дѪʵ߷һѹ£̫ӡ飬ڰ˫ĵƵۣ
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ƺ͸Ҷ񴦾̱һԵıֻգͬ䶯仯ǧϵХ£С
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ӢҲǺöǲ࣬ϷԪѽ꣬Ϊ֮ܱȼ磿
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ԶԶȥɽͬԴץһѣɽߣһĺӵͬǵһ㣡
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ɽЦȻӢһ㽫ƺ͸ס漴߶ţݺѹҶԪӡȻԪӡ飡
Ҷƺһٵˣȵ֣֡ܺùһǱģ
ɽЦûУǰʲôꣿͳͳǼٵģϷʱɱǣҪħʬ֮ȡǵѪעħָħѪȻСͳͳ
ƺ͸ɫҵĬĬ
ͻȻչգǿЦҶֽ鲻뿪Ҳ֮顣
Цң˵ҲᶪǶߡ
ɽЦһͻȻüϸѿӨ͸ӿӵ£ħʬüģ
֣˫ֲ૵ֻҪħʬϷͻɾ棬һ죬Ϸȴһ
ͻȻħʬü֮Уһޱǿɱݿ㽫顣
ɽƺһ𶯣üͻȻѿһѪۣ̲ס۵˿ѪʢѪʱ˥ʧħĲ־
ֻˣ
ҶͻȻЦгǰ΢ЦүӹȻͣħĲ־ܻҶĳ㱻ħ־꣬ʶǷͣҶĳһϰףΪ¿ģĵ±ˣܼ͵Ļ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ¶ѩ׵ݣôҶĳҪϰһˣ·ˣ


810 
Ҷ̽һץƺ͸ץһɷƺƵӢķ
ոδüûдԼķױ㱻Ҷ
ղ֮ȥΪ˴˿̣ʹ治ħʬҲ͵ɽ
ͷơ˼ħӵһƲ־ͼó֮ѪΣһ֪
㶨õħʬһϲͼħ⻯ߣʱħĲ־ش
Ϊɽɷ֮׵Ľ̰Ҫʮ౶ȻʥʣʵȴޱȵǿʹֶΣҶ˺Ķ֡
ɱǰҶȥɭȻСĻȻϷ򶼿ƭħ־Ԫ𡣲ϷΪڣɰʮ㣬ԸȲѴ֮Խͳͳɱ
ӣƽأرģ˥ܣӴ˲δҶͨ񣬲ϵҶ
֣֣Ϊѹһ
Ҷǰӭ棬Ŀ΢ЦҵϧˣѪ˥ֵܵز򿪵ѳȥĿܸûУֻҪ̤ţᱻĵѹ飡
ĿһȻЦٴιĵѪһѪ𣬺ƵȣһʥʻҪʢ˵ĲҵѪ˥ܣҪɱˣ׾٣
ɱ죬ʱħʬϵһֻֻħñ˾裬Ҷȥ
Щħõʵǿᣬһֻֻħô󣬻еĳɣƵ۶ɣʥʴ븹У
ħߴɣأó棬˿ͳͳ𣬺ѹѹգ
ࣣ
Щó滹δҶߣ㱻ֻŤʱս飬һֻֻը
ɱŨȻһԲĵţȱЩóֱӱɢ飡
СϷ߳Ƶʱ㻹֪ſ
ŭȣֻĵŶȻȫ򿪣˿˿Ƶĵӿʱ佫ħ룡

֮Уɣһֻ֣һȭҶȥ
ҶȻ壬ǧӿ׻ӡһӡӭϣЦȻΪѴﵽѵĵزȴʼղһΪҲ֪˲ѳȥľ磬Ϊˣȴ˥ˣǿ
䣡
һĪƻصնʱڵһ˺ѣನºɨħһɨգħñɾѹ׷ײȥ
ҶƺһһѺۣһƴ
ǰ䣬һȭȥɭȻΣϷֻҪɱСԴݲãħĲд־ֻҪ⻯Ϸѵţɾ棬ֱ׾٣ʱϷٻ꣡
Ҷ̫ӡӭϣһԶͳĵۻʣΪ£ʱǧȻͬչһɫĻһ磡
࣬ǲ࣬׷ξΪϵĲ࣬ʼ޷ֲ
汬ȣݰܵһ𣬽գۼһʱܱˣɾӵĻ׳ȫ߶ԼѪ󾡿Ҷʽ󿪴ϣϣҶսɱԿ죡
ʱȻһλǿ׳ʿ
ϷԶʱڣԼָȫʢ״̬ɱ׾٣
ҶӲһ̫ӡ飬ĵϴֽÿѪٴεɶܵĴ˱ǰأ
沽ƣѹ£ΪѹҶ񣺡С
Ѿ˥ߵʱܱĵزÿһ֣˥һֵ֣ĴԽԽ죡
ҶһΣȻһ⣬㿪ѹչӡĻ죬һգһƬòѪرɽ̿ϯȥȻԼƣΪ
һ漴Ц㲻ֻҶʽʵ¶һ˲㽫ɱ
κνս׷˵һɲǣ¶Իᡣ
ʥ֮ǿߣȻݰܣԶҶ񣬳һ˿ˡ
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ҶһֻͻȻһӡϢ̥·һ˲ṩޱʢѪѪ̶ֳȣ
ĳӡõ̥ӡļӳɣձյڻػң·һɽҲڣҽɽк£
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оһƾ˵Լʵд󾪣æһٻصţ˿˿Ƶϴӿȫ
䣡
Ҷһӡӡ£𶯣϶飬̲סһ
ӡ
Ҷ񲻵죬Ϣӿһɵ磬ͷգҲ񻯣ʵʵĿռ䣡
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ڰзٽ֣˲Ϣ֮໥ٴ֮࣬治ϺˣͻȻֻЩв
ĺ֮ʥʵıԭû㹻Ϊ򿪵ţ˿㹻ΪѪͳͳ˥ܣҲ޷ѣɾ档
Ἰ꣬ɱ˱㲻Ѵ֮ϧʱ򣬿ʵ
߶ѹֻҶԽսԽͣӡչӲӲѪܣв־ŭСӣҲ̫ǿЩϷȻǿʥʣǻͨ۷ʥʣͱϷ飬һ۷׻ʣȴܼôãѵ˵ǵۼķ
ʥʥ֮żĲ࣬ȻѪݰܣΪʵȴҪ۷ʥĽ̰ʮ౶Ľ̰ΪʵȴҪͨ۷ʥʮ౶
ǻķۼķǿߣΪͬʵǿᣬʮ涼пܣ
Ҷ۷׻ʱƽʥʵΪԿĴڣ֮٣δ˵Ҳδ
ҶȴԽԽǾԽԽǳ죬Ѿǧӡǿʮӡȴ࣬һսȻûΪȴʮӡ򣬸һ¥
ʮģ
ҶͻȻչһӡӡȴһȻҶ񲻶һʽӡչԳɣɱȥ
𵴣϶ӡõѪڣ漴Ҷһʽ׻ӡݺӡؿڣ̲סһѪ
أ
ҶһʽӡȥٴѪɶδֻһҶٴǰһӡֽѪ


811 ٱġı
澪ŭѣΪõ۷ʥʣʥһҵڣ˥ܣ϶ѵţɾ棬˿̾Ȼһ۷׻ʱȵ־أ
ҵѪ궼ڼ˥֮УԽԽСӿ⣬ٻֻٻɱСӣ
һˣ̿ʼٻҵ֮ȴڴʱҶһӡһȴ̫ӡӡ£һͬɽµȻѹһѪ
ƺһһѪѸ˥ܣգۼһλ׳ֱһӵߣͷ׷ƤƺȴǰҪϣ
ǿд߶ѪҶԭΣֻȴǰ˥ܣ
ûҾܽСӻУᱻ
һٺˣ쭶ȥҶǰδӿͬһҶͬһ⣬֮һӡΡΡ죬ԶʮӶ֣׷ȥ
ƺ͸Ŀ࣬Ҷʵ˿չֵ쾡£Ľ̰һս˾ޣȻʥеİ⵽ֵزλʥʱȵˣò˥
֣Ҷֽʶ磬֪Ҷ־ǺͻȻѯʵ
ãȻҡͷǰƲҶ½Ͻ׻ʣ񿴵ҶͣҲԼƲǷȷ
½ƶ֮أôţҶʵֻеӼſɣ
ҶԿѪѣͷһα˴ôǱڵľѪҶȼոɾٻҲûУ
Ҷ˵ÿһ֣ڵѪһ֣һ仰ȫΪ˴ǵʵ顣
ҶһսǵûܽҶɱҶˣѾ;ƿݵĵز
ͻȻսҺؼҺ·ҵսдϲȫ߶Ϊսӭȥ
ߣ
Ҷ⣬˲Ϣ֮룬һӡչԪؿ죬ԪӡͼӡУӽҵս
ս֮ϣкؼҺ·ҵ򣬶ʥʣÿһλ棬κһˣҶ޷Ը
ŭȣһ𣬽Ԫӡƣӡ漴ֻҶһӡ߸ͬ󸫰
ʽ̫ӡֱ£п˿˿Ƶĵϣĵйüģ
ϵѪɫ˲ȥòҰףü֮һѪۣս֮С
棬˵Ҫ·ʳ˰ɣҶĿǴ
ս֮ϣһģȻŭһ߶һĵɲǼصգҶȥ
֮ϵĵӿĵϣ֮𣬵ӿĵֻشƬ˿˿ƣȴ̲һشͬնǿ֮ԿɱҶ
ҶһЦһߣ㿪Ϯɱʧ
֣ûд󰭰ɣؼҵս֮ϣһϵѯʵǺؼҵڡ
ͬʱ·ս֮ϣ·ҵҲеʺ򣬵شֱ˵ãҶ˱ض߾ȫΪˡ
оһѪӿɫָ糣ЦЦһСκεңǸղСһħʬħʬڵĲ־˵ϸǸСʵ˵ҷֺ
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ս֮ڴһ쳣ǿҵļ¶սȻ٣һƿ񷣬ȫҶȥķ׷ȥ
Ȼؼ·Ϣͷ𶯣˲ô̽ûˣ׷Ҷͼᱦ
ĿսԶȥͻȻȵغ̻غ
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ȣ𣬵ӿ֮Уȫ߶䴩صĿռݣսʻ֮⡣
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һʥʼæǰֻЦӽҵļƿҵ
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дʧɫʧղźؼ·λҪˣΪ㡭
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ĵŷ߽⣬ȵУΪǰҪӦһ£Ǿ򲻿Ϊұ𣡡
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죡Сؽɻڴ߸ϣǲȥѰһȥѰұؽٲ
ȵҪģԶΪұ𣡡
ΣֻġԣЦ⣬Ϊ԰ȥˡ
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֮㽫ҵʬ⻯ȥݷúؼҡ·ңҪװһûӣҿ
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Ҷһʽ̫ӡ䣬նĵţϸնԪֻǷŲԼļ壬Լ屻̲żֵڣ˵һԸˡ
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ħʬѾߣ죡Ĵѣս֮ϣλȵ
ڴʱصıͻȻѿֻһֻټȻ֮Уһ߶ͷĴᣬ
̫ӡӵ˴ͨһӿĿɨȥ
أԶ֮أһʱĹأеΣգҪη塣ҶٱǸСӣȻ󵨰쵽̶ֳȣȻ֮У
ѯеūЦūڣСߵ޷ӳǵƿأ׷
ӷ׷Ҷȥķ׷ȥ
Ҷ֣Щ졭
ҶħʬҶ񵱼ͼħгȡŨޱȵĽܡͷҲԼԼƵʥ編ƣ˿۾ʱֱˡ
ֹһӰ绮գֱ½ȥˣЩơ
ȷʵмƣȴЩͬǴξ˲֪۾ۣҲ׷жϣȥѰټλ۱ˣ
Ҳ´ɫһޱҵʱ̻˵ıһԲı˹ٻΪҪ쳯
Ҷ֣ٻİɣһɵĿⶢҶʧ
ҲһɵĿ⿴Ҷ񲻽ͷګګֲǹġ


812 
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лɵĿŨЦǹģ㲻ǹıŪ˵ۣǹģҪŪˣ
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컯룬ĵһк˲ҶֵʦһͬСɣ컯ҲԶԶˣ컯һܸɣ
Ŀ˸ЦҵҲʦһᣬ̴£
Ŀ⾼ֱֱĿҶ񣬵ȴĻػ
ҶЦҶʦ飬컯Ҫλʦ𣬿¶ûпܡңҲδҶʦĿδõʦĶʲôķ׷
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ҶҲδ˵ѣȷδλǷҲδõĴڡ
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Ҷͷǣԭ֪йأ˿֪£žú¡
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Ŭãǵʵ޷ħʬгκξҶҲһ㡣
ش©֮Գһ磬൱شɵС磬κξѪסйȷ鴫
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Ҳüչǵʵޣħ©ħڵĽȷûпܡ
Ҷ΢΢üħһ۶ɵĵϣĵӿĵҪִ֪ٱǿƥ
ĵϣϵĵϣҪ֣Ҫ״ɼǰʵһͬСɣ֮Ҳ
ҪƵ©֮ȱҪԸЩϣκ˶ûʵ
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һɣӡ̫ʻֵƵۣҶֻܣ㷭һ
вϲ֪Լûϴ漴ڶӡչȴӡ̫죬ֻ֮е׷׷𣬱뱦ڶ㣬ܣٴһ
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˿ҶԳӡݻغ¯൱һʥΪ˴ʥƱؿǵʥһ¥


813 ħ־
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˿˽Ҷĳӡ´Եʥʥ֮Уֻ컯֮ӡֵƵۣܱȴǰǿᣡ
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Ҷͯӡ̥ƽ̥ӡ̴뱦ٴη֮ǿﵽʥ۷壬ɢܣҶ
ܣ൱һҶ֮ǿ÷ƺ͸ľ
ҶֵƵʮ߲㣬ֻԿˣ
ҶƵʱͻȻ΢΢һɿЦһ㱦ֱߵ𣬾Ȼͳͳĸɾûʣ°㣡
ĵĲϣʵ̫࣬СԪиɵôʥʣȻûеõ㹻ϣ
ʥҪӦĵƵۣҶ˿Ѿ㹻ʵƳʥû㹻ʹֻ൱ʥİƷ
˼ҵҳ
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˼ԶħʬħʬɢĵϣҪԶȹ˼ĵϴִٱ
ҹ˼ĵϲֻ࣬аʮħʬϵĵ飬ǧƣɼħǰǿᵽ̶ֳȣ
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ЩǣѶϢѾʥʵⷶΧӡӳЩеĵַ׾ٱ㽫˼Ĺ춴͸λ棬ǰķҲݵ߰˰ˡ
ֻҪҶԸ⣬ȫԭ˼ҵķ
ҶӡӳȥħʬʬϲƵĵϺѶӦǱȹ˼ĵǿ᲻֪ٱ
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ϸռ䶸Ȼ𶯣һصĴħͻȻ֮ϣħƣݣһʱӿ˵ͷ
ħĲ־־ʶ飬ͷ˱۰㣬ͭͷǣͷݣȻҶЦֻطڳˣ
ЦȻҶֻطҰܵòʣսһ
⣡
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Դһ£ֻħ־æλֵܣĲʲôֻط
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ҶһԲȻ˼ӭֻţ漴ס˷ٺˣ
˼ޱߵѹɡ겼ѺۣЩħŲ飡
ͻȻ䣬Ѵɡ͵һ𣬸ֳһӵΣһλŵ棬ʲôһұ
ѴɡתɡеϷڶ𣬺Хӭħ־
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ƻб䡭Ҷګګ
ΪʵԶ縵ˣҲޱǿĴѪڣȴûˡ
ֻй˼Ȼ飬ɡеλŵãήٲ
ħ־Ҳɡеĵеñˣȶȥһ۶ϣѺۣƺʱһأʵֻʣ°ٷ֮һνܾˣ
Ȼƻб䣬Чȴ֣࣡
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źʥ£ħ־һԴ֮ϣʱǿԴ飬ֻħ־ܴȻŭһģ컯źźȻ飬Ƶ
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컯Ҳͬʱ⵽شƺ͸Ѫɶήٵأ£գҶְҶʥҶ˵ʥҲᱻħ־顭
ħ־վãȻſڴһգħΣһյХȣƺ͸ȥ
ҶȻڷƺ͸ǰӲħһҡǧɳ׻ӡһӡ䣬ħĲ־£
ֻطҪ㣡
ħ־Ҷһӡţؿƿһ󶴣ǰ͸ЦҶȥһƸ䡣
ҶĮȻۿħ־΢ֻХħ־һײ

ڿգͷһʮ磬ЩԳΣ仯ΪһӡȻ£ħ־飡


814 ⻯
Ҷħ־˿ء
ħȷǿÿ£Լķ÷飬ȫһδ䵽֮ϣƣ˼ÿѣ
й˼ڣҪԸƲ־Ҷ˵ʵ޷쵽޳ʥʣҲԸħĲд־
ħǰȻǼΪ˵õѾӽĵز֮УȻҲ۰һİ
ҶĵȻᱻ˸ɵɱλֻطǺˣ
ƺ͸⵽ش߽⣬˿Ѿѹסƣȡ֮ͼָΪ
ҶǰȥƲ޴󰭣ŷģʵ֣֣Ǽʶ㣬ֻ֪ط˭
ħ־ֻطҶļƻҶ²ħȻֻط֣֮һ˿־ۼκ飬Ϊֻطͼɵ֣˽Ը
ҡͷ֮Уû˽ֻطӦ֮еһλħ񡣡
ɫأҶ֣̫ˣвؾΪգǿʤҲпǿڡֻط֮һ
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ֻԶʱͳ磬磬Ҷ쾭Ųɹá
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˿̹˼ҵ飬˼ķҲҶ򱬣ûаֵвҶϢƬ̣̼ʩչӡƬڣ뱦֮С
ļֵߣʥıʲô˶ӵУ챦ȫΪѹһСɻ˵رȴһҶȴ˿Ҳۡ
˼ǿ˵пޣûмĿܣֻԼʺԼĵ·
Ƭڻ׷ӿ֮С
˼̲صϡʤҶѹζҪ߳࣬ҲǼΪˣҶѹʮ֮࣡
ŲҪĲҲӡ
Ҷٴν֮࣬ٴҶʵҪʤ߰˱ĳ̶ȣ
ǽʮ߲ȫɣҵʵǵʥʣҲһԷУԲõڶУֻа˲㣬Ҳ濹⣬ıˣټʵǵʥʣҲӦ
ҶĲֻǰ˲㣬ʮ㣬ֲ֮±У濹⣡
ǰ˲ҪĲѾֲĶʮ㣬ĲϣǸ֣㹻ưʮˣ
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ҲƴǣһۣͷЦȻˣǱħϸ֮УЩЩɾǶ˶۷ʥʣҶĲҲôˡ
˶֮ţ֮ӣΪ٣ҶǰȴǶ˱ܴ
Ҷԭʵ޼ʹȫҲδʤǣദ񣬶̶£ҶΪͻͽǶԶԶĪ
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˲֪ãʶڽħϸռ䲼ӡԼӡǣһ
ʣµĲ裬ҵķħϸ
ҶƵӿǧ磬ʮ죬漴ĵƵӿһأͨ磬ͨڤһõֻطɳڤͳͳ֡
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յģƹħʬĴҡܣ׷ɱգû׷Ե·ҡؼʮˣʮλʥʶУɱͷ֮ޣ
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ҶһͷȥֻսХ׷ս֮ϣ·ҡؼҵĸַ׷׺ңң߶׷׷Ȯȥ
ǣҵҲŭ죬ʱʱ߶ңңϧǣȮٶʵ̫죬ͷ޳Եʥʵľ֮ƥ֮㽫˵Ĺ󣬸޷׷
յģ֪ôүүͳͳˣ
ҶͻȻȮȻʧЦƹȻǸԼ̫ãȻѧ
սϵҵĸָӷŭ֮ڶ
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Ȯԣɴϲͣ½ŲҶҡҡβͣĵЩյԵ޹׷ɱңҳԵʹ죡
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ҶЦתֱ·ҡؼҵ֣΢ЦλԵ޹׷ɱҵĹδ̫˰ɣ
սǰһλ۷ʥŭȣȻսɱĹΣӻҪɱ㣡


415 ɱԽ
λؼҵ۷ʥʸոռţ߶ʥֻҶͻȻƵӿעȮڣȮƹգſڣһҧȥõҶķ֧ţֱҶʵǣص񷵱ҧһ飡
֮ϣһȮĴӣĿģ
λ۷ʥҲδһֱӱȮ븹УʧĵţʥͳͳȮһڳԵ
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ҪԵϣȮõҶ֧ţıСУȥȻӲӲĵҲˣ
Ҷͷð亹ҪţȻӲƴ
֪ηȮˣȻҵĹ㲻ˣ
Ҷ΢ɳȮڣҶȫ߶ֻƹͬ˴ҩһ໴УſڴһһƬ
Ҷƣ˿̵֮ǿҪҶʵԽ߰˱֮࣬ܽӽӴӳֵƹϣǺεȿֲ
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ҵķԭԵЩãٶħǾ͸ӲˣþΪͻƵʥʵľ磡
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Ȯһѣĵֻ˼ʥʣȴͳͳԭɱԽĴмҡϧЩһﶼ飬Բˡ˵ղǸħͣ϶пڸкͽͷ
ӵתȻڶħ⣬Ҷû⵽ƹС̣վȮϣߴƹȥħֻֻʵֻΪǸ֮ޱȣ϶δ˷ֵѰ弶ҵʮԿٲȫ


816 Զħ
ҶԴ̤һĵطֻصΧЩطѾǰص̽ѹһһ飬ǵ̫֮У˷һ飬ѾѰκõĶ
ħҲЩ̽߱ƵòòԶ磬޷ƶ֮档
ֻЩǿħͷħħס֮ıأ˵δ磡
ľ죬Ԫʼа˳󼸿ԶƬôĿĲƸ࣬Ǽھͷ֣֪֮ĵطƸжôˣ
жĲƸжΣա
ҶվȮϣ񱼶ȥĵĵĵط϶ǿأȥģطĲƸӦҲ١
ȮɱҹҶû·ҵƬڻ֮УûгԤϣֻʮ㣬еϣֻǿ㹻㱦ɼ֮ÿһ㣬ҪĲ϶Ǵǰ
ܣҲԽԽǿҶǿ˽ʮ֮࣡
һ·Զž޽ôЩǧٹ֣ǿ󣬴ԶŷܵڣԶͥԶȴǳƽ
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֮еҲôָ֮жݣԹŭɱ¾գޣ񣬼ʣһ棡
صĿֲ֮ΪԶŵ磬ЩĹ˥սᣬ֮еƬ޷ĥ䣬е飬һǵĸħͷеϣҲħ
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Ҷһزһ壬ƬɵһӴ󵽲Ŀռ䣬ѾǧһҲûصİٷ֮һ
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ģµһܿҶǺЦ
Ȯʶһ׳Ȼ׹䣬ͷſһ𣬽غ𴩣¶·ǹĶߡ
ӣƹŽе

ͷԶħŭſڳѨƳ죬Ⱥɽֻħ̾ڰ֮УߴɽȮҪ߳࣬Ӹ¿ƹ
һͷȮ
ͷħתŭΪϲڽѣЦȮӵԶħѪͳΪϡУѾ֣Ȼ㣬ұѪͳɾ棡
һڣȺɽըνǾ֮
Ȯһħ૵Թԣô󣬵óԶòܽꡭ
ͬʱҶͻȻչӡգȻϢǱħߣĵХ죬⺦㣬Ϊ룬ΪµһúݺݵĵһܳΪ֮ܶȿš


817 ϴħ
ħѨ֮УҶոоޱŨҵ˱ǶŨ˷ָ
̫ͷԶħ涮ܡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻ֮һϴ̣֮Уһ̫£βأӴгȡ
Ϊ׳ҶԭѰ̫Ҫִ֮࣬УԿƵۣ飬żе档
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ҶĿʥ𣬵ʵضߣԶʥҶ켼ɺأӦͷԶħɵǰ̽ʥʻõı
Ѩ⴫ͷս춯صľ죬й֮ͷսĳһΪˣҶ϶ȮԶħĶ֣ܡ
ţϣ
ҶĿɨһܣʱرڶߵǽ֮ϣֻǱڸǣ޷
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Ĵ֮ϵĽһͷԶħֻΪǿᣬ׷ϵ裬ҶҪѷɫʮǧ
ĽҶֱСҼҰЦȻҶΪδ׻ָȥĵ͵Ƚƣʵ̫ˡ
ƿ̫¡𶯣ȥҶѣ̽¥𣬴һץͳͳ¥ѹ
ͬҲûҶģҲҶץ¥С

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Զħŭ׿Ȯٻҳȫ㣬ϳ˳ˣûʱ㳶Ƥ
ҶһæӿٶȣһȭһرҵĽͳͳ飬漴һ̣ͳͳһ̳ҲԼ¥֮Уڶرҡ
編ƣ˲Ϣ֮㽫һرҽƿѹΣϴһգһʱ䲻ϴ߼رң
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Զħŭһ̳𣬺Х׷ȥŭ죬ԼĻȫһ֪СӶߡ
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ԶħβͺɨȮķɣʮͷſͣ¡ȮȻͣȻħѪͳ߹󣬵ϾΪϴ޷ͷħ
ͷԶħٶȼ죬ҷ׷ǵ⣬ſѪڣݺҧ£ֻࣵһ죬ǵոĿУ漴һ̣ʧ
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ħ֮УҶɢȥӡ¶ӴݽرҵĽƿϯһգĴɨһʩʩȻ߳ߣԾȮıϡ
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ҶȮϣңȥǧħû׷ϣ˿

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ҶȻʧЦХ죬ûо㣿Χκԣȥ˵Ķߵȡıսⲻǳ־ô
Ȯϸϸ룬ȷʵʱղŵĲ֮Ժ
ҶЦХ죬Ϊָ֮󣬱ΪݺݵؼһɵƵɵǿȸղħҪǿǿ󣬴Ⱦޣһһ񲻿գ
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ãһ̫㱻ɾ丵βʣ֮Уǧ֮£һʵӰʼ֡
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Ҷ֮ʮ죬ҪĻԪʼķŹԲֹ
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һƬȣ̫̲صĵȻ棬ʮ˲̲صĴ̫࣬ƾ̫Զʮ˲ơ
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ҶĿͻȻֻ֮ͣЪλޱħ֮߳ո߳ͻȻֻһ죬ĵϤ飬Ԫ飬ͳͳ飬ɥȪֻʣһʬף
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Ҷƻ޸ֻ̫ЦһǰǰŪҿôɣӶ
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СӹҼңҵӵֻصƬ˼ѧˣƬݳֻأͳʮ˲ܱ⣿ңҲɱ㣡
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һǸУһʥѾɬƤĴԶžޣ˾ȻһƳʮ˼ʥǷƷʵߣܼǿõ𣬱ҵҪ߳౶
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ֳֻ̫ȻҶ󣬺ݺˢĺ֮ϣ͵һ˺ĺ˺Ѫ۵

ͭȻ׹䣬ХҶȥͼҶ֮ͭӣͬʱи㽫Ҷϣ
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ֻ̫ӣʥһ룬ʲôֶΣ
ҶͷȮȥͬһ׶㣬죬ǰƣһ𣬺Хֻ̫ѹ£Цֻ㱾£ֻطҪ׷ͺڷˣ
£ֻ̫ӽļʥͳͳѣѪеֻʣһɣĺˡ
䣡
һֶֻȻ֣ݺ֮ϣķɣ


822 ֻ̫
ҶֻѪˣղһΰƥҲŲסÿѣȮҲѪ
ֻֻ̫ǰȻһˣǸղ¥еλ档
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ҶٺˣȮ¥֮Уɫأֻ̫ӵȷǿĿ£Ȼ֪нλ⻯Ļıһһ
ֻ̫ӼԦ滯ʹʮ˲׷ƶʱٱʥȻҶ֣֮⻯׷ҪȵʥҪʮ౶Ҷоޱߵѹ

ʯĥȻҶѹƵ۽Ҷ֣ССʯĥΧҶתʯĥͬһ޴ʯĥиʯĥɣʯĥ֣ͬתͬʯĥ
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ֻ̫ӣΪֻ⻯ұûУ
Ҷһ¥ɳֻһһӰħݺǧͷ˱۰ħȻ֣ſһ𣬻ӡһɣѪ죡
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⻯ȻҶħ滯ȳһ̲࣬Ҳȵ÷飡
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ҶĿƣֻطķȥһͷ­ſŭ𣺡ɱңҳɾκβң

ֻط΢΢üӭϣ־ĲʰҲãұ㽫־ҲĨɱˣ
ޱǿĴ˲Ϣ֮ײɨ飬ضȺɽ촷ۣ춯أ
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ֻ̫ӣﲻ㣬ҵ⻯ҲﲻңƾʵʵΪƴһĩӡ
Ҷ̷ӦһƸ£ʯĥֻ̫֣ʯĥֻ̫ĵƵ飡


823 ɾʥ
Ҷһʽĩӡֻ̫֣֮쾭ֻõʯĥĵƵۣԽʯĥִϤڻͨ
ӡеֻ̫ӻҪǿᣬױ㽫ֻ̫סʯĥֻ̫ӵΪڵĵƵۣ飡
ҶֻŸ֣ϽĵƵգݳĵƵۣ֮УԼʮ˲ֵ쾭
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ҶβССʯĥĥֻ̫ӵΪΪȻݳĵ뵽ֻ֮С
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ãȱΪЩ㹻һʱ䣡
ҶͻȻֻһ죬ħЦֻطҵˡ


824 ȼüϷ
Ҷæͷȥֻħ潫ֻط˺˺飬Ц漴ЦԽԽͣ˫ĿգվԭأһϢȫޡ
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¥ٶٿ죬Ҳ̶̵ʱӳķΧ
ҶͷɮһſɳӰСеɳӲһѽɳһӣֶΣ컯ǳһ컯ɽһֲ
ǳǧǳͬնһǳͬڰ½ǳһ𲧵ɳȻɮУƺû˿Ҷ񲻽ëȻ
ȼüҲʲô񣬿Ѿע⵽ңڲߣҲ߲ˣ˵ҲᱻϴԣΪеһ𻤷񣡡
Ҷ񵱼ٳɣתߣ쭶ȥ
ȼüü΢΢ʶǺЦСʿαߵôæҲҴԵɮһ𻤷񣬽Ҳ޳Ʒ档
գ֪Ҷ֮УֻҶһʥʣŲΪ⣬ȡ¥֮ٽҶ
Ҷ˿ȥѰԺķ֮УһħȻɳҶ׷ȥ
ҶٶߣͻȻֻһɺƵħԼǰæͣ½Ų
һʥʼħ񣿡
Ҷ˿ֻվǰ𻤷ħıۣŶзħһЦȼüϷڸͲôȻû漶ħ񣬶ֻһʥʣ
ޱߣ
ʥʼĻħ񿪿ڱȣħӵգֽȻͬΪһ壬ͬһӺһıչͬʱҶץȥͷǰϣȼü棬ü
̣
ҶҲһۣȻһո£أ𻤷ħֻͳͳըһ
漴¥зɳһȮſѪشڣݺҧ𻤷ħԴϣԴҧ
ͬʱ¥ֽУ֮ٴٶȾף϶Щļѹֻ
ȼüǺһЦһһſ˶ҲڼСɳ׷ġ¥һſɳѹסֻ¶һͷѪѡ
Щɳһſ΢ɳӣѹϣֻһͳͳɣʵȴһſ
ȼüһſ¥ѹ棬Ҳá
Ȼͨ󣬵ǰһμľ룬ֵĻҲûп֮
ȼü϶ѹңǱֻط֪Ƥ¥С
¥ʿαɮķ𷨣㲻ٻɮĻԹмɮϴȥһԩ
ȼü浱ϥӿз𷨣ʮ֮Уһ𻤷ħͬʱоֻ֮Уһӿ֯һ컨׷£¥ȫ
Щ컨ոմ¥壬ڣ֮С
Ȼңϴԣûôף
¥ɱ㣬һϲɱˣħ裬ᱻϴԣܴѣͺ¿һҪѿ
¥ʱʱ
ȼü浱ͷȣƣ¥֮У¥һԾʧ̾üϸųһƣϸеʶȻϴԡ
¥ħ໥ӵͻȻЦףһͻŷ𷨣ĳ޳
ʿңҳɷۣһͳ죬޳
ȼüǺһЦȥɳ¥ԷԺķ֮У죬ֹͬħ
¥۵ؾںδʲôزأ
ȼüշȻ¥ĿЦʵۣĴۣħ޹أΪλأؾزأ
¥˿Ѿϴԣȼü淢ҲԣҷһؾδƵʱأѼķˣѰʮ˲ĺģ꣬޳ɵ۾ؾ֮Уʮ˲ĺģԼֵ𱦿󡣡
ȼüüͷ΢½ʮڤħе޳׻ʡʥŽ磬΢ܹΪۣȻͬѰʮ˲ˣɾ͵ҷȱʮ˲ĺն֮أýɮȻԵ÷𷨺ΰ
¥ֻطҲ֪νؾ˵õһͼؾֽƣ԰ͼȫȥܿ۵Ľơϧͼһ͵ߣ֪٣ֻطĴѰͼѡǿ
ֻطǿ۵ؾؾеزУֻͿ̿ɮ֮ˣζҪȥһ۵ز֣ףɮĻ񣬾ȻСɱˣ
ȼüɫ΢䣬ӦԼɳҶĻħһ죬ŭ˲̻ɱһڤ粻飬дȱ֮ģҲзŭ֮ʱӲ̻֮Ĳ㣡
ʲɳȥҶĻħΪֻʥʣܹԸҶû뵽̶Ƭ̣㱻Ҷˡ
ȼüϷͻȻͣ£Ƭ̣ĵ۵زҪֻط˵ãһ·ƿ۵ؽƣؾСС޹ؽҪȻһ𻤷񣬴ٶȻһħˡǸСϣʱ䣬ѿ
ȼü뵽ٳɣֱ۵ؾȥ
ħĿڸмѣ
һƬȳ֮ϣȼü𻤷ѾҶʽɵûɢ
Ȯ𻤷ϣ˺һѪ⣬ЦǴȻСȣ
Ҷûкħɣ֮еҭ㡣
θںõĺܡȻԣұͳͳˡȮ֪߳ܵ
Ҷ΢΢ҡͷĵ𻤷ħȮҲãƹѪʵʵԽǿҼʱԽ󡣡
Ҷ֣оԳˣ
¥УͻȻƺ͸Ҷһħһͷ­üѿֻƺ͸ϸռзɳϢޱǿ󣬵ŸʣȻŶѾ򿪣
ΪĲЦҶľΪѾ۷ʥʣǶ۷ʥʣֻٻһʱ䣬ʮİգԴӵѳȥɾ棡
Ҷ֣Ҷ˲֪ʱܴﵽ磡п
ҶĿЦҲλֵܵʾˣˣֻ۷ʥʵľ磬޷򿪵šˣ֣еõһҿܷ򿪴
һжһϻһġ
۾ģ۾ϻ֮ϣҲ޷תʧ


826 ʵ
ǵ۾ģ
һæͷǰϸϸ̽ץȥ㽫Ľ£Ц۾ĶһǷƷ
æķ֣ŭ㲻Ҫˣ۾ģҲеĽһһܣǧٴ֮࣡
һæ֣Ҷ֣Ūģ
ҶЦǱչʱá֣ȷǵ۾ģ
ȷɣ
ȻַģҲУҵı񸮵ı⡣һŷ£֮ͨҲ޷ӦñֶֽţͼƿĽƣδƽ⣬·ĵ𡣼ˣҲͬСɣ滹Ҫǿᣡңвϻеı
֣ǷаƽģҶϻеĶӺ棬Ц
ɫأɫԭҲûаգʵ޳۷ʥʣмְաֻǣûʮİգǴеĽƣױϻеıһҶĵĻԽϻ񸮣ҵԳ֣϶׽ġ
ҶЦԭãҲͻˣͷֻܶ֡
ϥƵӿһͼеĽƣ˰Σ֣̽һƴ֮С˰ΣŴڶСޱȡ
Ҷһ˴ȥԷҪ鷳
ƿƬ̣㲻ȥȻԽͨƤëǽƴɣΪ֮ӣһһǣ֪ʶ޷⡣
ڳʲô
ͻȻƳȮɴ˴ʧħȻڿһħ񣡡
ȮüЦ飬һЩҿԷָ㼸ͷ
㵱ҺһҲϲԹͷ
ƴŭ漴򣬺ƤȻô˵Ҳ˼ƴǣѹͷ
ȮҲûϵƤȻ̶ֳȣֻȡͷڣͿ˿ˮŽƣЩǾҵĿˮģԲȥҡ
ƴϲ˲ùͷ涼ǹˮæڻЦģһʺҲҪˣ
ȮȻɴ۾˰૵û뵽ζôأӲûô
ƻȻûȥ룬ħĹͷеǶϣʥʼħʬǲѾ㹻ˣ
Ҷǳĵֲ֪ʱƽģûնȹʥʵڣ
֣һ̫㣬ھҶȡһ̫ɷ˵㽻ơ
ƴǣֻҶȡһ̫ſһ̣㽫һ̫븹Уɴ˴漴Ҷͷһ̷̫븹ͣ֡
ҶʲôʱȻѾƴ̶ֳֵˣ̫ռеһóô͸һ
ȻľҶΪֱʱ⵽ҶѾɾʥʣ۵ţһ¾̫Ҳûбű
θڣҪ֪ٱ
ɼҶΪȻҲ͵޷󼰵ĵز
ԭΪԼɾ۷ʥʣ˵ţҶֵĲСû뵽෴ԽԽˣֻѵųɾ棬пܳԽڵĻۣѵžһ۵㹻ʵҶֵʵһμķԾ
Ҷת쾭ЩеƵգֻţϼӹţͬʱչӡеĵϱ仯֪ʶ
Ϊڲϼ֮󣬱㽫̫漴ȡҲͬ⵽̼һ㣬ŬޣΪҶȴҪѷɫࡣ
ɾʥʣΪһͻͽڣȹڡ
һʱ䣬ڽе̫ͳͳȫֻŸȹ̣ĵƵ۹̽ᣬʮ˲ԽĿɭֲ
Ҷ۾ȣһֻѹգŤգ磬ͬƮӵݡ
Ϊ˲ʮʵҲʮΪʵ֮Ȼ¥ǵ澳ħһ棬Ҳûһս֮
ˣҶоԼȻԴ߶ƮһĵϣҲ˵õϣӵһ
ȻҵΪʵɲ棬ҪɱңҲûпܣ
Ҷк粻ʱ䣬ӵȵĳɾͣͻ׻ʳΪʥʣʵֱ׷棬£ʲôܹڶ̶ʱӵ˴Ľ
Ҷ֣ĳҲ۾ڱҽˡ
ҶæȥֻĴ˿Ѿϻ䡣Ҳֹͣǰ
ȮҲæ̧ץ𲦿ϻ
ϻ򿪣ʱһɫĻϻг𣬻ˮǧɽǰһζ
ɫĻеӰӽǼΪأ·ҶУˮǧɽǰɹֱһƬ谵ȡ
ԽȣǺХڵ磬ǧħͷ߮ɱ漴һתһƬ֮ͻأǰ
Ƭ֮ƺصĵ£ж죬ľߴɭ·Ա鲼صĵܣͳͳħ
ǰһħţɭֲ漴ħŴ򿪣һ·ֱͨããֻ֪֮ȺǣɳɳĮãã޼ʣһӣˮ󽭣ӿȡ
̤ɳĮȹ󽭣صص׵ļ֮ħӵصӿ嵴񺿣ħëȻ
ħ֮УƮֵĶǯͭɽɽʯĥһͷͷĴħ
ϣ
ҶĿһ۱㿴ЩȻ۶ɣóһѹ죡
ʲôطʧ
Ҳɫ䣬Ȼûϵϻ֮оȻ
ʮ˲ĺģ۶ˡҶɫأ˿
ʮ˲ˣ
һһۣ¶ϲ֮ɫ漴ȻϧǵõЩˣҲ޸ܣһ˲㱻ȥеΪò
ĿЦֵط϶ʤһʯͷ붼
صͷ϶̫֮壬ͳͳпܻ֣˵
ϻеĹĻ䵭ʧϻҲһѷĩ绯ȥ
Ҷ֣ҪҪȥǸطƺ͸ͬ


827 
ҶҶٱӦþǰ治Զ
̫ӵ˺ХҶͣƬӼѯūСӣȻôܣһֱΧŹء˹Ź֮ȻĴܣһΣܲˣ
Щӷ糾ͣȻ׷Ҷ;Ҳսÿ˶вƵջ˻вļΪʵ
׿֮أѽԼĵͳͳóвλӺȻǵʵҲлڡ
Ⱥˣʮ֣ӵūһλ棬ʵνǿǰǿ󣬼֮ҲǵĶ֡
̫ӵΪʵһ֮ǿ·˻Ҫǿʮ౶ʥȫ򿪣ѳȥʵЦûмʱĻͷˣѾȫҸʽҵһƣ߰˷ֵİѵţٻЩʱգʮɵİգ
λһݣѵųɾ棬ĵһ磬ѾǿΪ
̫ѳţʵ±з츲صı仯ӵūҪǿ࣡
ҶٱСӣǴȥͻȻͣ½ŲͷȥֻԶƲҵХȴһ޴ȣͬһڶ緢ŨŨĺ
Ѫʳ
һͷħͻȻݹЦгſѪشڣԲҧȥ

ͷħķѣһƵɢʥŮᲦңĿʥʵħͷѵȡ
ȻȾʢһ粻֪ǿȥ֮ûٳ
ҲڴˣƬħ֮ħͷγɶħȣħͷʥʣ漶Ŀֲڡ
һʥ૵ҶٱˣΪλᴳ˵أѵ֪ôдô
̫ӹЦԸʲôƨȣǵʵôǿʮһλ棬ټҼΪ棬һɽȣ赲ǣҶٱҽѵǱ㲻ҽȥ
۾һǺЦʦԲһлںţΣգֻҲѲЩ棡
һȥ
˷׷׷𣬽СǸոսУֻһǿޱȵϢ٣֮УֱУħ嵴ʱһƬĻħͳͳ
ڵĴյ۾Ķӻ𣿡
һЦҲȣһŷԲѩ׽⣬ˮӦͥµĸ֣
һСС׻ʣȻ죬ɱӣЩǿߣҶٱҲ޺ˣ
һϢȣ죬ħħա
лͤĳֻΪƶֻɱҶٱͣòҪңĳҲɱǣ
գۼ䣬вʮλУȻ칫ϯεˣԼɱҶ漶ĸ֣

ҵħͷӵħ֮س嵴ɱһںڷ֮ȥĿſڽһͷͷħ븹УͬʱŸʣʥƯǰϽһֻֻħͷɱ
Ƶ컯ţţŶѾ򿪣˿˿Ƶĵϴӿʥǳ
ҶֻΪֲŤʱգħͷδ㱻ʱս飬Ƶۣ뵽֮У
Щħͷʮ˲ĺɢˣݻɵƵۣ֮Ȼ飬ȻҲûΪ磬ʵȴԱȼʥʣĿ࣬飬ֻ֪ɱ¾ɡ
ҶֻǰЩħͷֻܳΪֻŵ֣֮ԭʮ˲ĵƵۣ뵽֮С
˵һأĥʮ꣬ɱħҵʮ˲ƱؿԴﵽԲľ磬ʮ磡
Ҷд󶯣ͣƬ뵽ȵʮ˲ĺݻˣ㽫ͷ
ЩħͷֻǵƵɣֻܽʮ˲ʥʵ۷壬ȴûеƣֻʮ˲Ĵˣı
أ
һȶħȻըĵƵۣ漴һֻſһЩƵͳͳʳɡ
ħͷ̵ָ֣
ҶһæٻȮƺ͸æջصţվҶһһңǰȥֻħ֮УһֻײҲҵĹͻȻǺݺ䣡
ֻ׹ǴֺȻ֮ϲƵۣһִĵתȻһλڴ˵棬ȵħͷռʬʬǣ
ʵܲ棬ҲȥԶΪΣգ
ͨ;
Ҷվֻ֮£һȥӭֻ֣ʮ˲еͨ;ӡչֻͷħֵһˣһֻ׹Ǵ־⿪
ͷħ֮еĶħŭ𣬴أͻȻ谵ޱȵȶȻޱֻ̫ȽȽҫķɢħա
ôӡ
ȮУŵúëβ֧һñֱƵԴϣֻ޴͡
ƺ͸ҲŵͷƤ飬ʧħͷռʬλ棬һλħ۾ôҲˣ
䣡
һֻ׹Ǵץһ֪ʲôĴȹǣɴǴݺ£֮صħͷͳͳ飡
ǴȻҲʬǣһ˿ӲӣȻͷɵħͷɱ
̥ӡ
Ҷɫأ̥ӡϢ̥ͬвأṩޱʢѪ
ֻͷһѪ𣬻һɫ漴˺Ȼըʮ죬ǧ磬ʮ˲εΪ׳ۣ
˾ӡ
ҶһӡչϢׯϣͬͳµĵ۾٣ץֻȹ͵ĴǴӭȥ
꣡
ױֻǴ޷ɾʱѣҶһϼޱȣԽԽ˵һֽΪʮ죬ֻ̫Ĵۺȥ
ֻֻϨ𣬺ȻǱһֻ۾
ͷеħͷʹŭһǴ˫ס۾תɱȥҶû׷ɱȥͷħͷǳǵɵĶħռʬ֮ʵǿ׼޷ɱΣأǿħͷ⵽ΧҲֲκκô
Ҷջ漴ֻǴץֻȹϲƵ߳סһȻûжѣһü͵𣡡


828 ϴɰ׵
ȮˮҶеĴǴֱҡβͣҶ΢΢һЦһȹֶ
ֻǴϣѵǽСһ顣Ȯϲ쳣æһڽסҧ£ݶʱţʹڣֹĥ
Ҷϴǿȹǣֻһ죬ձһƬ
öֻǴιȷЩϧˡҲòϾ
ȡ½˿ǴƣЦ֣ȹǼӲǳħȹǣֻǴֵʵҲ֣˿֪ʲôΪͣʺɽƣĽһֲʮ
˴ϲæ£ЩȻҶ֣ûгıûκκôǲ
Ҷһϣα֣
ҶЦ˵ҵУУǵʵߣ
棬Զʮ˲ĺġںˣԶۣγɵƵۣϣЩƵƣɢУγħͷ
ҶһֻŸ趯֣㽫֪ħͷ飬ԭɵƵۣУʮ˲⣬ԽԽĵڵ֮ʱõǧˣ춨ʥ֮ǧˣҲǵƵۡɣֻҪʮ˲ѷɫ֪١ܵõʮ˲ˣȻڽΪĲΣȴԵ춨ʮ˲ͻƵ桢۾Ļ
ԽֵħͷԽ࣬ɵħͷҲΣޱȡ
ǿħͷҶȫ֣ԷˣʵȷɱħͷսȻᾪеħͷȺħ֮£ҲֺãֻǽԷˣû׷ʹ
ȻˣһУҲǳȻΪûӶ٣ȴȹ̣βɴݡ
棬֮ҲҵĵţҶĴа
ͻȻǰһɹ쳣ǿϢæĿɨȥĿ⴩͸ħֻһϻħͷҷ֮⣬֮ƻħͷǿƥ
Щħͷ鲼ȣʱʱɨκǿдﴩƱػᾪǣ
Ҷ˵ʵЩħͷΧֻ֧Ų˶ʱ䣬ᱻ࣡
֣֣ǿйȥ
ҶͻȻһƺ͸ԼȮͳͳֻ֮£漴һӡչֻֻŻһ⣬Х
ЩħͷֻüһδüʧȥҶ˵Ӱ

һͷɵħȻۣ֣̽ΡΡץȥһ£Ťֻϧûץǵ⡣
ӡٶȣҶҲ㻨Сʱصס
ͻȻǰħħͳͳһɨգȵһдУڵľ쳣̣沼ƵۣеľϣתȻ֮ı
ЩƵƱ滹Ҫֲ
Щľ˲֪ãҲҪ㣬Щľ䣬±ۻҪƾã
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻȵûħͷҷЩħеħͷ·η壬˿
ЩľȻȫħ͵ƵγɵħĲϣϺõĲϣ۾һʧ
̾˿ЩħǺãֻɱҲħԼأеħԣ¾ö֮߱ᱻħĥģħͷ
޷
ҶͻȻһӡʱƬֵħԣÿһľͨ񣬾ӨˣֻЩľۣƺʱܻڷɣеĽҲͻȻߡ
׷Ǻ׷
޲ڣЦҶ֣׷ͨѾ˲컯ĳ̶ȣЩħ׾٣¾ҵҲֶΣ
ƺ͸ϲæǰһƬ̣˱ʮյϵĹ
Щ㽫۵ÿһ𣬴ĲȵһƬƬգ
ЩյϵĹ֮УӵдյֶΣܽǵĸаγ
Ƿƺ͸Ϊʵ޳۷ʥʣѾӵдյֶΣֻһҲ޷
ЩƵĹصգ֪ٸ磬ˣҲ뺳ˣ
Ҷ֣㲻ռһЩô
ƼҶʼûж֣ЦĪҶֿЩĵر
Ҷ΢΢һЦڵռ㹻ĲϣŴ㶯֡
ƺ͸һۣЦĪҶ뽫еĹͳͳߣҶֶ֣Σˣ
ҶЦȻȡЩľ˵ڻ¡
һٸţĲ˵ЩƵĹ붴ز֪ٸٸʱգҲ޷ǰ
ȻλֵܲȡЩұ㶯ˡ
ҶͻȻü֮һɳ¥֮Уֻ¥Ȼ𶯣֮еնݣͬһͷޱӴȻＴ
ƺ͸д󾪣ͻȻֻصľ죬ȵնȻըֻһޱȴִĸͬ·裬գۼ£ЩƵĽʵʵ
Щ룬Ȼ¥ĸ룬ЩҶ޳˻ʱѾ磬͵ȡ
˿Ҷ֦ɣ޳ʥʣܱ֮УҲĸ룬ȴǰǿ˲֪ٱ
ƺ͸̧ͷȥֻЩִĸһɽ׳ޱȣ֮ϲصΪأһ㣡
뽫ƬɽȵϿڵøɸɾܲ͸磬ֻǼûи봥㰲ȫ
طеЩûôˣЩȡϵĵƵۣԼƣ
ֻЩƵ۵ƱЩգ̳ڸı棬ʻ֮Уããɲ֮
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Ҷ֣Īʲô޳ΣƲСȶӷ
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ȻǸ˵顭ͻȻѾˣ
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ʱ϶Ҳסʱܻṥ鹬֮ѣʵ޷ЩԿ
ҲҪ컯űһܲǡ֪Ҷֻ᲻һ컯ȥ
ͻȻӡȻ飬ūˣȻ徳⵽ĴˣͷĲ־սܣȻһŭǾӾԼͷ
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Ŀͷ­ŭ𣬰˱𶯣˼Ҷȥ
˿漴һ͵һᣬЩᵽɤֻҶһӡʼʩٴνūİѽ֮е徳У
ūŭ𣬲㲻ܺȻİѽδγ֮ʣ˱ӣӡ飬˼Ҷ䣡
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¥鲼еƵۣҲеϣʮ磬֮֮ǿ󣬽ʥ֮䣬ѳԽһ


833 һ
ūͷ۶𣬹ͬ꣬˱ۻҶ䣬Һչ·֮ϣ۲õؿռ䣬ǻطµͷū޷ƻ

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Ԫʼ˸ɽֹʱ廳ԶµһӰ滯Ϊʵ֮ǿ֪ʲôʱܵ־磿Ȼ
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Ҷһֻ¥С֮У¥УʮȻΰӿҶֻԼһ˲͵ޣ

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ҶһȭͷȻ飬漴ȭΪƣΪһ̫죬ͷ£
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Ҷһħ⻯Ȼֻ֣Ѫ֮Ѫ𣬷ӿħ֮У
ħ֮еİֻһ֮ңֻطҲɵûеΪֽɵ
ħѪƴǰʥ֮ѪҲ޷ѪֻǿʢޱȵѪṩħǿ
ܿ죬ūѪ㱻ҶɾͳͳħڣħѪ죬Ťգֲޱȣȴǰǿ˲֪ٱ
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Ҷ΢΢üкȻֻطһлɱħ棬ֻǿᵽ־أ
䣡
նȻըǧϷ裬̫ͻȻһƮƮɷ裬ЦҶٱڳɾˣûϵɣҳɾ棬
δ䣬ҶȻǰ¥ѹ£ֻ̫񱩵ķͻȻ޷ҶһץסӣһֻСһ
ֻҶ૵ͻˣãһֻʵѪʢڣѪʹħ׸ա


834 ·ͷ
̫ӱҶҲвʮ¥ͬʮ磬ѹ£ѹ޷
ոͻƣѵţĵƵۻϣȻǵۼķϾոճΪ棬ʵȻ٣˰ٱūȣһκܴĲࡣ
ͻƳΪ棬ѾǿΪ֮УǺεȵķ⣬εȵҫεȵ緢
Ҷ¥ǰֻܱѹƵġ
һ̣ľԼͬһֻСǵڿУʱܻᱻͷ̵

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Ҷֻ⻯֮ѪԽԽʢħڣһϱʢѪ߶գɢļµĲ
ĵޱȴִ󣬵һϸҶĸоū滹Ҫǿ࣡
ħɾ֮󣬾Ȼǿ󣬱ࡢħ壬Ҫϵƣ
̫ӷ˥ȫŵԽԽ죬ԴԴϻħѪ߶ĵϡ
Ǵ˴δˣ
ɫ粻૵ôӣŭ춼ˡ
Ц֣ЩҪɱǣҶɱŭΣɱģȻҪɱ
૵ɱȻҪɱ˴Ҳ̫ˣ﷢ң̫ҲҶУѰǵ۾ϣ۵ıĵ۾
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ҶǺЦ˵Ĳɱһɱ԰̫Ҳˣ
̫ǿˣ̫̬ˡ
ҶоħԽԽǿԽԽԵȻķ룬в־ϲ
ϲħ֮ǿ߶Ʊѹһ棬ȴħ渴յԽ߶⻯ķԽ࣬ĳ
ͻȻҶֻǿҵΣӿͷæ̧ͷȥֻһֻͻȻ˺Ѳ񷣬̽ݺĻȥ

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ƺһħգչ·֮ϡ
Ҷ߶ħ⽣Ĵֻ֣Ϊк⻯ȷϣ߶Ϊķ
ħѪָԽ࣬ʵԽǿ߶ΪҲԽ
ҶΪʥʣΪ˳ĽҲģħ漸򵥵ĶԽΪեɣһβʣֻ׸
ĿɭȻ̫Ӻħɨ漴ҶϣǰȻ̫ӷ£Ҹһȫʬ
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ֻһЦһ׳γչ·֮ϣ¡¡ȫʬ˵㣬лͤСӱҪҪòҲ̶ãͷ֮ŭɥ֮ʹ
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ŭ׷Ҳ׷׶ХٶȱҶҪ죡
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Ҷһӡչٶȶʱչ·һζЩٶȸ죡
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˭ң˭ҪϣһëͻȻ֪Ӻδ
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лͤƹɫҲһڣֻҶһҲԾ𣬺Хչ·ľͷȥ
ˣ
һħܱϢͻȻգ˫ۣתݣȭͷͬ޴󣬺ݺҶ䣡
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ҶȻ⻯Ӳ࿹ħܣħͷŭ𣬰˱չֻӭȥ
ħ飬ڽֻӲأҶХХֻħ׿Ҷ񣬲׷ɱ̧źݺݲ£
ֻסգһ£ϹŶҲòȫӦԣᱻħһŲȱ⣡
ֻطȼüϷһ·ƽѾƣܲǰûȫʢǿǵʵֻǳ飡
һ·ϣҶΣħɻ׷ȥҶĵΪħӲЩΪľ֮ǰ嵽չ·ľͷħǰ
Ҷأƺ͸ǰħȥħ˿˼ýͷö
Ҷǿᷨͼ߶ħ棬ֻһտյ޷ٴ߶⻯һָͷжʱˡ
ǻôһôչ·ɱڣȻ·ϲùžսڴһ·֮Ժ


835 ֮
ƺ͸һҶΪľҲû㹻ʵƿţȵ棬ִֻУ
󲽽ӽϻſڣнĻʶ£鲼׭ģΪ£·һӡģ
Щ׭ϸϸȥȴƹɣӦ֣ʤÿһƺ̲ޱµİ壡
ҡ̫΢е
̫Ӳþţĳǰκ˶˵ֺ
ɱ䣬ſڣһӡԽѹ죬Ҷ˱ƽ
ˣ
׭Ĵӡһͷͷ·ɣǧ˰̬󣬷·Ҷѹȥ
ΪұûֶԸ㣿
ҶٺˣȻħ֮ϣ·һӡ£ҶƺһͻȻ¥еһģӡӭȥ
ӦӡϻϻеĵͼȻ֪λ֣֮ͼĥĵܴϻӵ޷С
ŷĴϻϰδ˷ĵκܣŷɿش棬ȸ֣
ҶֶΣϣΪѽ;ƿݣ˵߶ħ⻯شӡ׷Ҳܴ߶ֺ
ұնյ۾ǿ棡
Ҷȣ漴˴ֻŷı𣬷ǵûӡӭȥͬһƬֽɶ৵һħ֮ϣ
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Цڴţӡ¡
л˵ҶӲͷƤ߾̫ӣʱ׼̫ӡӭȥ
æ֣̫ͣҶϣҲͶ
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ЦӡܴţͻȻֻһ֣̽ץ̫ӣƷ裬̽һֻֻצݺץһ
ͻȻħź¡¡𶯣ϣâţȻħţֻǧϵ

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ҶȮϣֻƹð֮ڳȥƺ͸æϣԾϹХ֮ţ
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ŭ֮ţͻȻŵģ̰㣬̧ŷץȥ㽫Ľ£ĵеؾȻͬСɣλϹŴйأ϶ͬѰɽ˵ΪȻһʵҲͬСɣЩܿͨչ·˵أ·ģر֮š
ֻδģͻȻֻһǿȣԽˣ˼ıԴһæ֣ͷҲس֮С
֮ź󣬿ŭϯɳǵأȴһƬĴĮԶһ紵ɳͬڴĮɨ
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ָͷСһŻɳĿϸϸȥֻһɳȻһд½ɽ
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ЩɳĿҲϡѰǿֲޱȣֿ羹Ȼ֮ǿ˷˼
һӿֲ׽׽飬ҲòСӦԣ
۵ֶΣȻͬѰһγƬɳĮɣ
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䣡
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־ŭæһͷͻȻһźӿס졢Ƕ䣬΢΢ҡҷ֮Саţгһµһģһ
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汬ȣϻһննϣԭ룬ֻԭ⾡ȥϤɣ
һ亹Һ˺һ󷨣ᱻֵķŪ
ɽ˼⸱ҲҶģӿС
һƬĮסˣһЦɳĮ

һ紵ֽͬƬ㱻ɴ𣬴Į漴еĻɳϴǧٿףͬƲһ㣬ڴĮɳѸٱʴֻʣɭɭ׹ǣŰ׹Ҳɳʴҽ
ǧﾹȻˣɽʧһ亹£ղҲЩĮ֮ȥɱҶ
ƬĮͬһ޷ԽǵǰһʱҼ׷ɱҶ
Ҷվڽ֮ϣ۾Ķ˽ȻͬǻɳĮһƬԭʼ״̬棬ͬտһ㣬漾紵¹ײ⣬ǲƮһִ漾֮䣬Ѳ׽


836 󷢺
ЩƯԭʼеۣŨңħ෱࣬еͼڤҲи߼̫
Ÿԭʼ״̬棬޷򵥴ļ磬׼ܽҶ˻ɻң
컯ݻĵֶΣҶδţƺ͸Ҳδ˵
Ƕһ컯ŵһ񸮵λҲ쵱۽ҪҶ࣬ǣ۵ֶҲֻܸɽֹ
۲ۣڽɴ˵ʱ»ǵ۾Ϊֻӵ˾춯صʵͲ飬壡
ҶͻȻһޱȴִǧƵ򣬺¡¡ɨĶǣвȻ
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Ȯ򼸸ս૵ǽµţ᲻ᱻɨ
ҶҲ˰亹ԭʼ棬ûб顣
֮ϣƽ˾û˿Ĳ
Ҷ̫еѪͳͳħڣħǰǿҪĵķҲӱ̬
̫ӣˡԶ͡Ҷֽ̫׳ţ
Ƴ籩ͣЪ̽ԭʼץ𣬾һ̫븹У漴
ΪԻָһЩ˫ӣһ̫ץΪҲɻָ
ƶ۾һ編ƣҲ׽Ȯͣſڣһҧȥһ
ãҶֻΪָ߰˰ˣų˿õطûţҵʵǻָȫʢ״̬Ԧħ⻯ҲƬԭʼлκκô
۾һʧе
Ҷæѭȥֻһɵͬ԰ͷƮеƴ׳ޱȣǿᣬһɨ㽫һſɨȥһ顣
ϧǿϧ˱ƬԭʼҲ࣬ȴûȡ̾Ϣ
أ
ͻȻһɨУķѣƶ飬ǧΪϸСƮɢ
Ԫӡգ
ҶȻ֣̽Ԫؿ죬һӡȻֻǧ֮һӵ޿ƥеܣҡͷβһ񣬱㽫Ԫؿ顣
ҵʵȻһҲ޷շֻжħˣ
Ҷ΢ħȻڽ֮ϣ֣̽Ԫؿ죬һ䣬У漴¥֮С
Ԧħ棬ץһץӡͳͳ¥ѹƬ֮䣬ջȡʮѵ
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˶ŨŨգ鲼صϡƣȻɣͬ۹ף˴𣬵
ƺ͸۾ʱֱˣʧܲ׽򣬱˵ƶ˶ˣ
öҶˣ
ҶһͻȻƮ֮УһƴСĲƬɳХģȥ
ֻ۱Ƭ͵һпһɴɽСƬ漴ħ
ڽ֮ϣ赣Ϊģ˵֮ӻ߶ħȾްԣҶҲϡ
Ƭʱ䣬˶㼸ҶԵ۱Ƭ߽⣬гһһ飬¥֮С

۱ƬͻȻеǺˣȻûнǺп߸ߵҶһֻǵǺ˾ȻһɫԲͬһ̥ɢŨ
ħ񣿡
Ҷ̰󶯣ħδѾԵֵסĵ۱ƬƽҪ֪߳ٱ϶Чõó棬۱
߶ħ棬ǿнḀ̊́ߣͻȻһ漾紵̥֪δȥˡ
Ҷ񰵵һϧƬԭʼħ񣬿϶쳣ǿ󣬷ͬѰϧƬԭʼգħܹɹҲᱻ񱩵飡
һ·ϣҶ˴󷢺ƣһ̫յҶҲħܣ˲
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ã߳Ƭ棬һӱߣղŵĻɳĮγɵԭʼ۽ȻͬɵǺӣХȣǺŨÿ£ǹǺҪŨ֪ٱϢԪˢ˲仯ݹһѣ
ȵƯǺ֮ϣС߳Ǻӣֻŵ˾ͷǰһعƵۣƴӵعӿ
Ҷһ󼤶ع֮УĳԶʮ˲ĺڣ


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λҶļλ֮һе֮Уÿ˵൱ֻֻǺħħ壬ʲãҲã˵ЩҲĺܡ
Ϊ׻֮߳ħ򣬻ʱ޵ʥڣѰ׻ĵ֮ء
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֮λûκαҲѣÿһߵޱȼ˱ȣò֮С
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ߡֵһȣӲˣƬعǾˣ뿪ʱٿЩӣ

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ҶһͻȻע⵽ЩԲ֮ϣһħϥƺڳų˯ĳħ
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Ƭԭʼ֮УȻֻطĹЦֻֻطվ漾֮Уֻعݣ飬µ¥ħվֻ֮Уݡ
ڲԶȼüϷ⣬ʮζݣɫ粻ǺЦȻ鴫˵֮Σأǰ·Զ֣ͬ̽Ѱ˵ѰѰʮ˲ĺģʱһϸ£ñ˽ȵǡΣ
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ֻطҲûʮܹߵعЦȼüֶȻ˲ݣȷǱĴУ㻹ǱѷɫһʲôֶΣҲ˿塣Ȼˣ̽һ̽۵ؾ
λǶУһ·оգ߳ԭʼ棬Ǻӣ۵عǰ
˰˴ˣһۣع֮С
ģȼüϷ𿴵ǰһƬǽΣ̲ס涯ŭ໰ƿڶ


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նԼʮѺʮ˲ĺΪһ壬ǽٴδ䣬ֻ֣أԸ
Ϊĵڶ㣬ûǿĺֱԼ
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Ҫ׷㣬ҲҪ֪˭˿޵ҧгݣͷͬʱð뷨
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λֻͰԼͲΪۻֻ֮Ԫ𶷣
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ҶԪ֣޵У֮Уֻ𶷼ڰ֮Уָ˭˭ɱķɹЦЦɭ
գۼλ֮УһΪȥﻹ棬æХӣݳ֮ţ
Ҷ߶챦ͻȻͷңħͷ׷ӿͷϸƺɱԽԽأвһæֹͣ߶𶷣һӡӳ
ͯڶ𣬽ͻԪ֣ɫ嵴Ƭ̣Ҷڽħͷѹаһա
Ԫ֮еħԽԽأƺһͷޱ׶ħͷ춯أɢħԱŵԣħ
ֻΣգ۷ʱױʲô
Ҷգգ۾ӡҲ޷ԪеħͷֻǽħͷʱѹƳʱ䣡


839 
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Ҷ΢΢üڽµħлͤȼλ棬ѾʼҸȼֹΪķ
Ͱеħͷ϶һҪɵıҶԼ
ͰôǿеɰǸǿ󣿡
뵽һ㣬ͷæɰԼӴ߶һɻɬɢз·ǬֻǿԶԪ𶷡
Ƽ״æ߶񴲣񴲺գֵƸգڶбһŵĸӦҲһıֻû˿
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Ҷƺ͸𣬽Ȯ¥УƹʬǺƮȻȥ
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ԶȾ컹ҪӴҶֻһȽϴĵλƬصһǣ֮⣬Ŀռ䡣
Ҷһ·ֻ֮һƬս죬ǿľޡħĴɱΣأʵѾԿһ棬ﻹҪС

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ҶɫޱȹŹ֣ͬ˸Ӭһܣͨϼͷ˴ĳλĺ󹬣еͳͳɲ˵ĺ
Сܡθߵ¡ҶӲͷƤ
ϵܣϷͶϣ˰ݽύͬɳһҵЦƵ
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840 ʥ
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ڲֻת֣õҲֵ֣Ҳûʲô˵ġ
Ҷҧ뼫˰ΪΪֵܡ
ϸ룬ûͨϼθߵµ֣ͨ࣬ÿһ綼в֪ٶ֮ʤʱȥϰ񣬱㲻ϣЦֵܣϸұ⣬ΪƷвˣһҵţɱԴҵ˸񣬺Ұ˰Ϊ
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һƬӰͻȻ֣Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһͷëſХˣȻպϮ
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ħվҶҶƺ޾ȫѹӿħԣ԰ټƵӡڣħȥ
ԪеħͷеĻҪΣա
ֻ𶷵һ̣עħҪעҪһȷѪ꣡
۳ɾ͵۾ʱԲѣֲ㣬˽ԭնȥͬӵΪԼ֮еħԣͳͳն
ЩħԿնΪ棬ĴħΨԼĶ񣬱㽫ѹڻԪ֮УΪһ
Ҷ߶Ԫ𶷣ɱһ棬½еħЩԽ׳ͻƻԪ𶷵ķӡӽ֮
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ҶЦ߶ħ棬ӭȥЦûлԪ𶷣Ҳ·һ
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칫ƳҶһۣҶٱ·ϣɱϯε棬ϯǶĹͣСӣѷڣ


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ΪпܻǹԪʼʥڵŮʦǰѾȡüߵĳɾͣ
Ҳпǹʦǹʦɲ⣬˵Ѿʮ꣡
˲²硣ͻȻֻվҶȴûѿ֮ϣһͷһƥͷͻȻ׻磬ϲ裬СУүڻص׻ģǳŷŷˣ
ҪСţ⣬ܶܶСţ⣡ƥе


860 һ
ͷϹ޺Ȼ۷˻ʵΪХޣ֪δȥˡ
ղĸһЩ졭ʥգգ۾૵
ˣٺ١յģ٤Ҳ޳׻ˣ
һͷ׳Ĵڹ죬ѹ׻ʶ̧ͷƳ٤𣬺ٺЦѾ޳ʥʣԶҲصһıˣ
٤𶨾һѪƹȻѾʥˣ̵ģû֪ҲƤϽȥˣ
٤ޣһܣȮԾԾԣǿ׳ţһƹˣб
ʥصʥԴסˣɵɵĿʢĺڹԺͻȻֳһӰ
Х죬Ҫ֡
һո߳λʥ׻̧ͷȥֻһλһƿȥʱǷģƺûб
λþòҶЦ⣬ʥк
Ȼ׻磬ӹգ׻Ŀռɲǰ̣һϢȡţԼĵƣȻ׻ѹһ˵Ļȣͬһޱȵĺڶ֮ݡ
ˣʦٱˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦңңʩ񣬲ҹڽӽǿ֮ǿĲ׻ʣӽĻԿסʥûпֶΣ϶ᱻͳͳѹ
ʥ˴ȻûϵĴ׻磬˴ôʮһ޳׻ʣҲɾ׻ʵˣȻҶ񣬾Ȼ׻ĪѽѵҶħ
ڳ֮еʥҶйԹҶ¹ɱ֣ҶȻôĺô
׻ɱħͷ츣׻ò֪ʥңңң֪˵ʲôǺá
Ҳ˴ҲȻûϵȻҶ²ﲻԪʼʥڵǹʦȴȻû뵽Ҷȥֱ˿̣ǻǸоš
ϾǹʦѾãҶŲʱ䣬ʥ׻˵Ĺһμţ˭Ҳϵô̵ʱڣҶȻΪĴڣ
ѹֻȪħڻһôߵԭȻ
һλʥԼҪʧż꣬Ͻʱ׻ʣû뵽ȻѾǿᵽ̶ֳȣ׻涼һֹͨˣ
ʥ૵һߵں¹ȵأȴΪЩʥأоɣ׼ҡ
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֪Ҷ¼ŵθߵ£ԯҵԯԯ£ŵİĹˣŻЩʥļչˣǹΪǵӦֿʹҲõϡ
ԯ˺õӣȻϹϵһ죬һ찡
˲ʣôûյĵӣ
ʥЦʱ׷ɱ˼ҲţѾոˣ
ʥصʥ֮Ув˶ҶйڻȪħڲͣʱҶ㷲ΨҶ˱ˡ
ٱ㷢ˡ˹ګګ
Ҷգգ۾ЦʦҸһЩö
˹ϲҪñңСӣ磬ûиıƢѱó
ҶЦʦ֮ĶҿûУʦҪʥҵó
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ʥصʥЩʯһ૵ʥ֪ʥ֮ϡУֻ̫йһǹаʲôôû˵
˹ش˴ЦҪʥʲôãּ𣬳ֳԲáٱпõĶûУʦһҲ޳׻ʵ鵤ҩʦ׻ˣҲϽ磬罨һȪʥڣ
Ҷ۾˼Ƭ̣ЦΪ鵤ҩûУҸղŽȪʥڵıȪħһŽҽķ۷˻ʵľ硣ʦ㽫ĽչҰŽĽݣ޳Ž
˹΢ȪӺХȣͬһŭ
Ҷȡһֻ֮ȻҲһȪӣ漴ǰͨӳ֣ԶӣԶͥʱΪ׳һ磬ܣڤĴӣ
ҶָһӺХ˹صĻȪݣ˹صϢʱڣڽΪ񣬳ղʮֹ
ʥصʥȻ̶һϢʱ䣬Ҷ㽫Ȫħڵһһ飬ƾǿʮҽŽ۷˻ʵĸ߶֮ٴڸȥڸ˹أֶΣδţ
˹Ȼɲ׻ʣҶƺĽɨȥԭĽеʣΪޱȾȥɾ׻ʲѣǱҲ౶
ڳʥǰ׷׼˺ܾãɢȥҶڵ徻ֻǶŮ׿׿վճյĿԼҶͷƣǰȥὫŮӵ뻳УЦһˡ
һˡ
򵥵һ仰ȴǴޱȵİȫУǻһӱ·Ҳһӱù
ǶԴҶ뿪׻ȥ֮󣬱һ߸ҶĶŮһ߿޲׺Ϊıճɾ׻ʣҶžۣĺˮ࣬˵Ҷ仰·ǰԹֵĿ࣬ͳͳõ㡣
ͻȻҶɿŮĿǵֻ۵ĺͯڲԶ̽ͷ̽Թ
ҵĶӣҵŮ
Ҷۿһ죬ϲ̲סᣬһĪĳɾ͸С޳ʥʣնɱ棬ֳɾ͸Ҳ˿̵֮һ·۵ıҲ˿̶̶һ˲
ҶҶ뵨ӵĿĿгİ
ҶһᣬŮԼİΪԼûаǣһճԼ׵Ĳϸ

ͻȻӿŨĺڣˮ飬£γһƬһƬҶȻɣһˮ棬һȫµԶǿû˿Ϊ
Ҷʶ뿪ԭµ֮УҶҶȥͯһһҷԼļͷ
ǣᣬǻؼҡҶͷЦϵЦޱȲãûκĻͬһλȸ
ԶȮ٤צ棬ȵôġ
пܣҶôϣԼط磬ĺǿعĶǣǰĴ׻磬ŶŮһ쳤ˣ˸Ŀ֡
ҶıӰбĬĬұԽǿԽƬ̵


861 Ѱ·
Ҷ׻ֻͣһ£޶ˣѰѾԻһƽ棬ҶȴΪ㣬ϣԼܹһֱȥ
Щ飬վҪȥԵģ޷ӱܣҲûеطӱܡȵҵʵܹѹһУұκввңвңҲ
ҶҶ衢Ҷи˹أ󱻲׻֮ҲûеˣһһŮؽٵǴ󱦣һΪصͳߣһΪĸϵ
ڴ֮ǰϸĸףҪΪɨһϰɱ񣬷ɱ𣡡
Ҷ뿪׻磬Ԧ촬ȥڴ֮ǰʦŵ½׻ѾȲһȥ硣
⣬Ǹ˼ҵͷɲôá
Ҷ촬֮Уգգ۾ĵӦʦͷĴɹƭ뼫һ𣬴˿϶ᱻ˵ƭӺ˵ʵıٳСΣӦÿӦɡ
ҷ£ȡԪ𶷣ϸϸֻֻ֮еħԾʧȴǰ󽵵ͣһ˲ֵҪǿϼ֡
۶ֻԪӡԼħԣͬѰ
ֻҪԪ𶷣вħӿԽˣɿˢ붷УѶԷΪӡѹֻûԭǰǿᣬԷΪͳͳɶѡ
ңҶоԪ𶷵ķӡȴǰǿᣬȴΪԳ֣¼һѹסյħ
ħΪʵֻܱѹɼԪ𶷾ۺλǿߵļӳ֣жôǿͿֲ
ƴ˱ʱΪﵽ۾ĳ̶ȣȻ׽ħѹ˵ŮҲﵽ۾ĸ߶ȣ
ҶȻϿǰۣһ쳣ǿĵ۾Ůֶǿᵽֲĳ̶ȣĵĽļλ۾
̬֮ΪΧڱ۾͵Ϯ֣
Ů˽ƻ͵۾ܹԸǺߣİܱʣвңҲԽ˼һһ
ҶݣٴƬ֮УЦǣᣬǰԶ鹬һν磬һ±컯ţﲻ֪жԶ˲֪ò鹬
ʦ֣絽ж󣿡
㲻֪ˡ
ҶҡͷԶľſƬҽ˵Ѿ֮ãδһ飬ֻǾ֮һŴ˵ҪԶԶ硣֮⣬µķʮ죬Լ棬ЩطͳͳԳ֮Ϊ硣
ǲɺȻ׻ʱ׻ܴ޼޼֮أǧ磬ǧ棬žôǰļʶôǳ磬ǰּʶ߸
ҶƬ̣һλˣУΪţЩôãǰûжΣգ棬±Σء
Цѵܱ׻⣿
ҶȻΪȻվһԵģͳͳаħ
һЦȻһǧš
ͻȻ촬𶯣ȻһɾϮֻͣһҶٱڻˣѾȺܾˣ
ῩЦʦ֣аһǰѰˡ
ҶЦ߳촬Ĵգվڴͷվңңȥֻһסգʹ촬ͣǼ·վżλߣ߰ݣͬͳͳǵòȻһȻķȻûһаӡ
칫Цһ̤ǰһɭȻҶٱϽ磬ⲻ֪˵رǷ޵֮أ
½ʤЦΪ鹬ӣǰŪǷǣɱʮе棬ͷȥû˿Եǻңڣ
ҶЦ칫ˣЦƾȺʮ֣ұɱˣֻʣбܽҲңҲãұڴ˵أȺϹͳͳ·
ͬһշ𣬴ЦҶٱĻԪѾû˰ôʧȥֻ̣ħ֮ԶãʵǲܸȥΪ˶Ը㣬ǲụ̂ϷѹȺۣڴ˵ز޵ֻͶԼ
İݵЦλʦ֣ǳɣ
ͻȻվҶһɹޱǿϢѹأȻ֮еľǰ
ϣ棡Ҷ񿴵߳һ棬Ϣǿƥȵ
ЦٺЦңҶٱεºܣȻҵǰ棬Ϊϵһ治㣬ֳ£
칫գЦͨͨϵˣʵǿᣬʮҪʤࡣҶٱȻǰϵһΪʵҪѷɫԶӣ
ҶٱԸѾ㹻ˣı¸һΪѣǲ棬ʦ֣
Ц棬
ֻһЦһλ׷룬ɷڼߵĻˣһƮ죬Զŵһ㡣
ҶٱˣȻǼǰͷȥʵ񼫣
ӦڵЦһ㣬ҵѾ޵ô
գգ۾вֹѵҲҵһš
Χɱͨϵһˣôٵҷŭ
һǿϢȻһͷ۵Ĵħ٣ЦҶٱӲҪʲôֻҪɱͷȥǮ
Χɱϵһ飬ôٵ᣿
һɮЦĿªڳУ漴潵٣ȻҲͨϵǿɽһаħۣӪսУҶħͷ
ħͷռķ˼촬߶һӡգȥһ·
ҶɫģվڴͷȻ칫ǺôĵӣȻҹͨϵĸ֣Ըңѵǲ±֪ǵ
칫־ЦһˣǼ䣬ὫҹȥҶٱ㲻һ½ϽСεºܣȻͷȥ
ٺЦ˿̼ˣʮ棬Χɱ´࣬Ҷٱѷɣ
Ȼˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǿԶˡ
䣡
ŭЦȻһȭݺݺϣѪ漴۷裬ȭͷ£򱬣


862 Ͼɱ
ŭֵһ˲칫½ʤ뱬ȣ״߷ҶȥͻȻֻһâжٵԴп漴âȥϸĵ⣬ͬһѩ򣬹ٵ¡¡ʱиΣ
ЦһϢ鹬һϻһ֣ʹڣֻϲ˿δʱѸٸɱգۼ㱻һƤ
ɽаħҲͬʱ֣һ棬½ʤһȴȽϻ飬ʵǶҲ޼Ȼ͵Ϯһǣδشŭ֣
ŭ棬ǾȻҷˮ
칫־ŭ˲ùҶ񣬼æһպȥͼӶݶȥ
ڴʱͻȻֻһָֻ£ҲΪǿᣬǺֻ֮ϣȴδֻֻܽ飬õɶأ
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칫һæջ֮У˱һ
֮ʵǿļ֮һǻͨԴվԳһϵ޳磬Ժ󣬿һС磬ǧħ֧Ļֺ귨
ͨϵĵλҶʵǿһͨʤ칫˲֪١
֮Уֻһ˿޼ɵдУӪһɱҲûκδˡ
ΪͨϣҶҪ౶
칫ŭ𣺡棬̸һɱҶ񣬵õıƽ֣Ϊγ
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칫о̲ģѵǸĿһëͷСӣͷϣǺݺݲڽ£
ն٣ƮƮɷ磬Ц칫ҲͨϵԪʮޣȴͶǱΪ飬ͨϸǺٲҲںۣͬ
ŭȭͷӲ򱬣漴ɽɱˣǰЦԪʮޣõʱˣ
ᡢɽЦԪʮޣ˿ֻʣӲ칫һˣ˻죬Ԫʮޣʮ棬Ҫ״
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Ҷ񵭵һЦοһ˱ɱʮ棬ҵҵı£ҪˣҸˣ˵Ҳ˴ţĹʦ֣ΪΣ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦԻҵУȲһˡ
칫ŭ𣬳鹬ӶݶȥЦСӣʮ汻ɱ⣬Ϸعı
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֮Уħ칫³嵴ŭȻħۻΣһƻ磬ߣЦ棬㻹һгңΣ
ᡢȣ׷״߶ɱ
칫ЦζȻٴըŨħɢȥħ֮д˷У֪ЦΪԪʮ֮ףûܹңҲУ
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칫ЦһֻͰѾûκܣңҶٱߣͳͳ޷סң
ٴըħ

֮Уһˢ£ͬչᣬǧѤã֮㽫ħͳͳˢһɶ붷С
Уħۣ칫ڶԳΣֻһ罣ȥһĵϣȫΪͳͳһɶһͨҲ޷÷ֺ
ħ񣬲Ѿôôôǿ칫Ŭ޷Ӷѡ
ҶһУԪУ΢칫Ӷе䣬ͼٴλħߣ񱻽һΪֵͨҲ޷ʹֻܹԹԵڴϡ
ħȷѾڽ֮УֻԪ𣬲ĵİֻ𶷣Ը棬ڻ¡Ҷ΢΢һЦ
칫ƳǺͷվҶߣ׹ȻһŮץȥΪȻһɶ֮͵ǿޱȣһȭܺʥʣʥǺͷŮǸոս׻ʣȻĶ֣
ֻҪסŮҶͶ֮£лѡ
֪Ķ㻹̶
Ҷָһ칫ʱڿУŬҲ޷ӳҶĽ
ҶٱҷˣҪɱңֻҪңұܣ칫¶־֮ɫæе
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Ҷ΢Цһָüģ칫ϸԪ߽⣬ֻҶ૵ңʵ̫ʱˣѻǣļͳͳȡһ飬㷽࡭
칫ֻԼĻʶѸٷɢǰԽԽڣɫҶٱ㶷պؽ֮֡
ܲܶù󣬻˵ģ
Ҷȡ칫ֻǼ䣬ǰһƮͻȻ΢칫ļУһԼ


863 Լ
칫ĻǼ伫Ϊӣ̣£Լĵá򣬲Щ޹ؽҪ
ҶЩͳͳ׿ֻע⵽һ֮ϣǾ칫ļУһԼ
칫еˣҶ񳤵һģһȴŽȻ
绪һλʿԾƣ˵棬·һλҰףΡȻ֮⣬鹬䣬ӿһ飬ƺĮġ
һ磬ΡΡȺ졣
Ѿɳĳ̶ȣеĲ졢졢֮ϣӲӴ硣
ͨΪ꽻ǰʦѣޱȽ֮ܳһλҶλһλһˣһλ׷ԲԵߡ
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Ҷ񷭿칫ļ䣬·Լڿһ񻰣һһԼ񻰡
û֣֣ԴͨĨȥ·ûгֹһɡ
칫ļУҲûţ˵ʵ̫ǿǿԽԼִ˵ļĨĵز
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λʦѵĵӣ׷ս£սڴУֻʱֻʥʵΪûע⡣
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Ҷ̾˿ʰ飬Ů¼ֱˮ©κĻ£ŮԣֱһجΡ
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ЦҶӺγԣΪֵ߲嵶Ӿȹһ飬ȻΪӺݲԪʮ޼
ŭǺЦͨ󣬼ûǣԸԪʮ޻׾٣ǲǽѡ
Ҷգգ۾ԭ˳ֵܣദͻȻĿڳΪӡЩϰߣԵࡣ
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ŭЦ⼸һԼԹǣ
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칫ʮѾɾ˿鹬ֻʣһˣǳû֪鹬һСԪ֮С
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Ҫ߳һǰδ߹ĵ·Ϊ¥ԪΪأͳ֤֤سһǰ޹˺ߵĴ
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ʱһɷǺͷ֪ںδֻ֪ǰɫһΣĹУɼＴоįʱҲˮ©޴֪Ŵ
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οǺŮķ붼ڣָƣ󲻹ǸŮΪ׶ˣҶȴǽ׶ٶȸȽ
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˿Уּüһãأϣ豭۾ϸϸµİŮ
üĿϸƹͳѲʹ꣬һɱϵʣŭµŮȴײҵ
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ΪЦѲ죬׷ɱħͷЩħͷ񹬱鹬УͶϵһħͷҶҶٱЩ󱲶治ҳȥ鹬Щӷͳͳץ鰸񹬴ã
һŮӿЦħˣնҪץְ֮ǲȥҵȱǰְ
һλϷ鹬סûʸ룬ֻм֮Ȩ޵ϣñЩͽŷѣ
ͻȻ²豭ֱΪ׵ӣЦʵȱ˿Ϊ㲻ȥץЩˣҪѲõҲҶҶٱɣ
ΪȻѾΪͨ󣬵һ˲ҳһվҵǰǸˣ
δ䣬ͻȻֻһĴļҵĻëСȻڱҼү


868 
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ǺŮЦ棬ѵʲôè֮أ
Ŀȥ˷׷߳⣬ֻǧȺ֮Уһڣǧ׻ʵϢƺƴѲʹ̳
ѲʹѲ죬ȨƼ󣬱ȼʹĵλҪߣ¸ǸְٳвʥʼĴڡ
£󸱵Ҳ漶Ĵڣ˿ǧѲʹ׷׷𣬴ӵһˣƳ졣
ޣộӭǼүҪǼүһԶħɭɭֻʮǿϢֱײѲʹ̳
ħϿգֻһ죬顰鸮򡱰˸Ѫ֣Ѭ죬
鸮򣿡
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Ҳһݣϸ˼Ҳûְֹͻŵӣ鸮ӦȨС
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ôɽĥɽ˿֯͵̺ڵǰǳޣۼ
пȥֻн̻Ի֮ͣϣһλӰĿ
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кһɱȶɭȻ棬Ҹղ֣ģӲ鹬ЩаħĪΪǳصĲɣ
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Ҳ̲סŭЦڱУһȺˣڱǰ룬Īɣ
λϷЦʲôƨ鸮һȺаħȻԶҪȥ޻أ
ڱǰ鸮
֮ͻȻһ²𣬵ôĵӣƾ仰Զ
ħæƿСүαضŭЩСһʶ
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Ҳ׷״ϲǺŮȻ̤ǰһЦҶٱȺħϴ⣬ǲУϿ콻Һ㲻
һλ񹬵ЦҶٱͨϵһˣеɱ֣񹬵ҲУͷֵ
ϷЦղ˵ҵҿͷ

ħȻ̤ǰһѵȺаħҼүٰݹ򣬼ʹҲԲݣǾȻ·ϣ
ħ԰ꡣ
Ҷ̧֣ħæסڣҶ̧۴ܣֻ񹬰λΪǲȱħҪǿ࣬޳棬еʵۺ񣬿ȼľͷ
ԭ񹬵ĵӣѹŰԵ
ҶĿϷϣ΢ЦȻвףʶ࣬ԳԭΣԹԵĽ֮꣬Ȼɡ
λϷ־ŭЦҸ㵱ұϷ˷ǧ꣬㲻Ǹ½ëͷСӣȻҲĽҽ㣬ҵĽ
ŭһȻֳһţſ춼Ǵ𣬶һ죬ɳѳɫգҶնȥ
޶ۣ㻯㣬㷴뺦ң̻
Ҷҡͷ̾˿̽һָͷһ㣬ʱѻɫȥϷϷ˷ȻԿһָ֮ԭΣһͷϷȫΪڵϣ޷
죬š
ħһӵǰϷ˷ס˩ϡ
ˣôĵӣȻҰ񹬵ĵӵɽ
Ǻ췢ŮŭҪǰҶˣͻȻЦһסȻ𽣬㲻Ķ֣˼ΪǿᣬѾˡ
סŭʦ֣ɱ
ǰ´Ҷʤȯգ΢ЦҶٱģܽУұһɱ㣬ֻҪꡣǽӲУôǸν鸮Ҫ
֮Լ
ҶҡͷʧЦǺҶ֮Լ˵Ӧ㡭
˶٣ҡͷʲô


869 ͳͳ
ԣɫһɲȻŭǰĵݲɣЦããϣͷһ˸˵
סڣ
Ҷ񿪿ڴȣڳ˶Ѫڣа
ҶĿһһɨȻأίΣ鸮ϧûĽ̲ܽϣͽ޷ĴһҲߣͳͳҪĽ
ŭЦ񹬵Ҳ׷״ŭǳͳͳĽôӣɱԭѾϼ
ԽԽͣΪҶͻȻ۵һ죬вһ
ɫأֻҶ۵ڶ۾·𿴵һȴźȻ
ҶԭȫëףȥԼϢ˿ʮǧëͳͳ򿪣ʱһޱȻɬĲɢѹնݣ
λĸҲɫҶȫϢţƣλҲþĶǣ
̶ֳȵϢѳԽʥʣ֮У
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Ҷ΢΢һЦԺΪ⣬̽ץȥ
񹬵ӷ׷ŭȣߣٶȼ죬ͬһ㣬Ǹոշɶݶ𣬱Ҷ죬ƻһ䣬㽫ͳͳãԭΣڵϡ
ͬʱɢļ¶Ҷϣֻһ촫¯ʦȻ߸ߵû˵Ҷֺ
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Ҷٱʿɱ裬ƹŪߣҪɱҪ㣡ɫҵæе
Ҷţת濴ȥλҶչֳսʵǿףȻΪʵҪԶҲҪսһ
Ҷ赭д㽫£ε÷Ҷ֣ǰ;Ҳ쳣ҵ
ϰ£ֻҶͻȻչһЦ棬ǼƷְ
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Ʒ󡣡
ҶЦ޵ٴһƷѹˣƷ֪ûиоѹ
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а̣ɫ䣬ЦʹнӡڣɷĳĿ
ҶЦ⣬ۣȡּܲ
ħϹϾһľᣬӡڡҶ΢ʱڷ׷׼緽ӡ룬ⱦݡ
ֽ̽ץУȻһֻŽһ򿪣ǾСָȻԾڰϣ䣡
أίΣ߽̾࣬ͳͳ鸮ƹܣħѾͶϴĸ棬Ѿ֮ʿҵ£Ǳ´󽫡
ҶЦ棬㻹׷ɱЩҳʿЩҳʿģ
ϸϸ鿴ȷϲ٣ЦԼǣ¹׷ɱЩҳʿ򣬻¹Ծ֮ꡣ룡


870 ݺթ
ҶŲ𵶣ֱĵ֮λϣħħͷһӵ룬Ѱλ¡
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ħͷЦͬУЩ˱ͨ׽ǵѲʹ
ԣɫһλ׸ɫ
¹ٵ֮򺣺ӶҶ֣Ц
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Ҷ񵭵֪׻磬һ꽨ľҿȡߵЩ죬Ǳ֮㽫Ҳԭ
ɫһЦ⻰Щˡ֪꽨ľǵ̻ʳֻ²ҶɣĪǹԨԴ
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ߴѾԭΣ˩ڱǰħ˸ԼԦһˣڱϣ߶Щ񹬵ӣУٶȱȴʱҪ˱࣡
к𽡢Ϸ˷ˣǿԶžޣ˲֪꣬Ҷ񣬻ʥʵĻҲǺе֣
Ҷǰһͨͳͳ޷ʩչҶһгܣֻܹԹԵĽ
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Ϊ̱ǣûãľ̲صӴ㳹׻Ϊʱһء
ҶΪȻٴһƷﵽʥʾƷĸ߶ȣֻһȳ׶ֻһƬԶħ磬ʮϵУʮ˲Ĵ۳Σ


871 
Ҷֻ֮еɣԶʮ˲ɭֲεΪ׳ۣŻ޾ħ𣬷·𼴽Ϊֲħ
شʮ˲Ĵĵչ֣

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Ҷȫת쾭־İĵʣȹֻĵϴϴһ˲佫Ԫͳͳ飡
쾭תԽԽǿʼռȡһƵϵ
֮УҶǣϴһ˿һƵĵڽԽԽϸС΢漴գһֲֿٶȼ
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ĵϺǿǿףҶʦʥһϣֻҲԶԶֻһȵţȵȫֽǿᵽֵز
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ҶϸϸƬ̣ͻȻϸһϸзɳ跭ڣ֮Уȡе
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鸮ҶȻСȻܹסϢѹȣѹҼүмӣη
һҶվڱǰѭȥֻѿ̽һֻ޴ţͷ
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ҶĿЦȻѰҶĳΪҪסҶĳȥ·
Ҽү˵ɱһӣûһӡ
ǺЦҶȥ̫ȥݼɵգ


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شƿ֣ΰˣ֮
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876 ŵͼ
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ʱشֱΪĩս٣ನɳ˥ϢտήѪݰܣ˥ߣΪɢȾòκױ׷ֻޱߵг٣պľԪɥ֮С
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μ׹䣬ССķ֮ԽԽзͣһСһʬ塣
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ҶɨһۣȻǷʬǣվûܰĩսನϮƬ


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ȻҶѭȥֻһݵƤͷ߲ΡΡһѱһҲǱ󶪽ģĪҲϷˣϷСҲû


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ҶĿȡһ棬Цҵȷ࣬ûжָǡ

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ڣڳ棬λϹû˸˵ԼܹʤҶ
ΪԳԵ
Ҷǫѷ޲׺Сôһĳɾ͡
һĳɾ͡
˶һۣа̲ѣһĳɾͣ治С
ǰҶһȵţȫٶȷ磬Ѿ˵ǾٶȣںΪ˲ѾΪѵãҶȻΪһķԾֱǿδŵ£
Ҷֵܣѵ˵㻹
ͻȻ뵽ؼ֮æѯʵ֪㻹ж٣
ҶΪ֮ɫҵĲˡ
ٴ⻰ɫ䣬ҶæǲˣϵһǣһԼ֮ãҿ⾰˼Ѿõʣ޼ֻʮǿճöȶѡ
ʮǿճöȣ
ӣֹ
һмƬ
Ҷһۣζ棬ҵͻƳΪĻ֮仹ǿġ
Ͳ¶ϲ֮ɫߵ˲֪ٱƬҲ
ͻȻһ£ɫ΢䣬ҡͷҶϵܣ̫Ѿûκαʵ𡭡Ҫ裬жҽ٣ֻҪܹȥǧ
λɫŹ֣˵衱ǿһԣЩѾں̵֮꣬Ҳʱ䣬Ѿһ꣬δܹ뿪
˵ǣЩϹŵĸ뿪˵أͳͳƬ֮ϣ
̲ס棬ЩһȻ˵ˣǴûжƭˣЩˡС˵úܣṆ̀Ͼ⣬ǵıŪȥҲϾڶӡ
ɫһ죬Ҷϵܣҹˡ
ɽ
־ϲŵ̧ͷҶƺԼĻ
Ҷظһ飬ҧЦɽǧ⣬Сܲ棬СƷȻҵ
΢΢һЦȡһƬֻȻƬ̲صԶԶﵽʮ̲֮࣬ƣɣߣԶʤȣ
ʹϲ漴ҡͷϵܣʵҽɾҲû뿪İա֪ڴˣûһܹŴȥ˵۾ûܹƽ뿪ۡ㽫ңȥ޻ˡ
ҶЦ޷ȥҶĳϵùܴӴ˵뿪˵׬ˣҶĳԸһġ
һ¥ȡʮλľڤֹۣСӣղ˵ֻмƬһóʮǸ
棬ô
Ҷɨ¥һۣʣĲˡ
㹻ˡ
ͳ˿֣ؽӹʮƬҶϵܣܹųȥȻǧ㣡
ֹǧɲһС֣ʮҲòܻۣ߳ǾӴˣǷµЩ㹻ͷۺܾˡ
ĿһͻȻҶϵܣӦûһЩƬգӻǣֵĩսನϮѾ;ƿݣݵÿж˼ӳԪģͳͳҵͷϣܹȥͬǧ
ҶȻ¸أҵȣ壬Եκλر
ɫŹ֣ԭӡУҶùļ̣û뵽Ȼô󷽣ƬԷĲȡͳȥ
͹Ц˼ȻǸŮӣüƣҶϵ㣬һĵúܣߣ˼ӦѾӳ˯ˣ
ҶĿ࣬ĵȻһλŮӣһλŮȻЩͶأһΪ˲
˲ʲôˣ֪Щһж˷ˣΪһǿߣ첻µز£ӵһڶΪԷη
ϵŮȻķڷ𾴣ȷʵӦһλ˲ĽӢۣ
λŮסĵطڸȺɽ֮Уסĵطǰ׹Ǳ֮أһΪµĹڡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһҶ顰˼С֣ΪҲһλ֮ˡ
˼СͨӦҲһĩսನϮ˲֪ãѾǰ⼣߰ߡ
һĻʮҶż̵аͷһ
˼СѾưܲɿԿĹʡ
ڴŽڣûκϢ͵˹վǰһԲȴء
ãδзֺĶֹƬ̣һɹϵϢѣдһΡΡͣ棬ˣĪֹʮꡭ
͵ɴϲЦֻʮ֪꣡ǵϣһλҶСֵܣ֪˭ѹۡǵԽԽˣ
¶ĵЦݣǺЦ֪ҶֵƬϻָഺã
ԭˣѹôˡȥ֮Ҳоįˡ
ǸԽԽͣ̾Ϣȥ֮󣬴˵ûأĩսನûҵѹǵҲùˣϧ޷ٰǣ޷ٻ¸ʮˡ
ԽԽͣϢҲԽԽ΢ȥ
⻰лֲ̿漱æǰȥڴȥҶֵȻ˼ഺ
͵˷׷ǰƿ˼СȥҶǣֻŮԽԽͣˣʮǰѾľԪֻܿ˯ӳ֣;ƿݡ
ȻͣЪϢȫޣλ漱æ˽ȥֻһϵÿµŮϥ֮ϣ΢ЦѾء
ѾϵֻʣƤȻԴϿվ޵ա
͵˴˴һްڵأߵף޵
͵ᣬݵ

Ҷͷ𣬴Ŀ֮ϵŮ૵ô


885 ΢֤ӡ
͡ˣͷ󣬵ҲǺ绽׼ħǷ۴ĵӣ˿ȴλŮǰСһźޡ
ÿ˱ǰλŮӻλػΪֵĩսನϮǵںд
Ȼ첻µز£϶ӵһܵλŮӻȴǷĵ𾴣ĸʼչмӣںľԪأܲʹ
ҵȶɽҰ򣬵ӻ񣬺ľԪȴɵҵȰΣ˯ʮɱӻҵȣȴûΪ٣ڤݵ޵

Ҷ૵鹬˭
֮ϣûŮıӻʱĩսನϢؾԽԽŨ˥˵Ϊ⵽ĸʴ
ƬŮıӻйϵ۾ػŮȥĩսನȻ縡ǰֲҲ֧ţȥǵԪҲ⵽ʴ˥ٶȴӿ죡
أ鳾ա
ޱ飬һ¿࣬ȥˣҲһѡֻм尾λȥǱݣµĲãʱֵĩսನҲ޳Աӻһ¡
ĬĬͷһۣɳƵ棬ǾʬĩսನʴѵЩʲô
̾˿Ҳһ죬һ㣬鳾
ĬȻҶͻȻλѵǲӣ
ǲԭ䣬ĸ£羲ţ˲
Ц̵˵ѾȢһӣЦǣµǽԭ뺣еǸŮˣ֪£ȻǸŮΪ󣬿ɼĬ£
˵Ϊһף뺣ۣԶҲ˵
ҧгݵְ࣬ô޸ûԼ
ҶĬĬͷסס۾Ϊۣ˵׾٣֮ûоȳԭ䣬ȷĬ£ĺѣҲ˲ݡ
ϵܣþϻǱݣڴ˵أֻΪ
ĿҶϣҶϵܣ֪ҵȿɷҽǱжһʱգ
ǱҶسŵҶҲ̤㱤ݰ벽
棬ǱݱĶ֮˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻȥҽҵ¥֮Уҵ¥һرĩսನ׼Ҳ޷ʴʬҵ¥нŲ
ĶסŭҶģǽױұƴ
һ޶Ὣ˼ҵƳɱ
Ҷ΢¥߳ǿҲҵ¥лĺúõģδĩսನϮô
ͷҼҸ¥򷽣ĩսٵȷ޷Ϯ
ȥֻ˿ƺ꣬Ҷûѣ͵ͷػ飬㽻Ҷϵˡߣ
߳˼Сֻ֮ĺãһƬҲ͸صĩսನϯǰŨ˲֪ٱǵҲǸ󣬸Եֿ
ȻʴЧʱԿʱһǵԽԽԪήܹٻ궼ѡ
ͼ޳޳ֺޱߵķֿάֺܳһʱ䡣
͸ӦǱݵλãȥҶϵܣҲǴӳ飡
ҶӦһ¥֮УΪԵֿĩսನϮ¥УҲӳ
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ҶĴѰʼûҵƬͷ亹вҲ
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¥ֻһЩԳƺ۵ķ֮ʱ֮У뿪˵ء
ǺûƬôҲֻܱڴ˵أ޷սڴˣ
ҶѰһһ飬еܿռڣҲѰټвԽԽ겻
ܹоϢ϶ں֮Уһȷɣѵ˵Ƭδڸ֮ϣ
Ҷ񳤳˿ѹеĽ꣺Ϊ󣬻Ϊգ
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۵ײɲ⣬Ŀ޷͸涨Ȼޱȵգȸ綼Ҫ׶ǧٱ
ǰｫԼĹѹڴˣѹۣɼȷһλĵŮӣֻϧ޴ˡ
ϢǴﴫ
ҶĿһ̸ӦΪ֮ϢвɴƬܹסĩսನϮ֪ɼһ޷Ҷҿ϶ԼȻܹƺӺ֮ѳȥ뿪˵أ
ҵʵ¸޷ȥߵһᱻϴȥеΪԪɥڰ·ϡ
գûаܹƽǱ뺣۵ײѰƬֻ̾
޳ֵĻ֪ܷǱ
Ҷת뿪ѰҵǱݣУֻ˶ڣϥ£ͷڣĵȫҪע뱤֮УֿĩսನϮֻͲڴ˵أӦǱޣͻȥˡ
ҶҲϥȫǣֻصϴĵſźԳһ磬ƴ׳֣֮ת绪ǣס磬εΪ׳ۣƵ֮ǿش
ΪѾﵽʥʵ۷徳磬ʱգҶûаѵţĴʵ̫ǿȥᱻ˺ΰĴѹԪ֮ǿﵽħĲΣҲԶԶѳȥˣ
ֻܲϷԪ֤֤пѵš
΢֤ӡ
ҶһӡֻϼڱŷֵϣӵѪݣƺֱ֤𻯷ɣΪΰߵĴڣ
־ܿɢ΢֤ӡʮӡ֮Ϊصһӡ徳΢죬Ҳûнӡĥ͸һӡʹȴ֤֤ø̣°빦


886 ƴһ
߶΢֤ӡļ¥нļձ㱻Ҷӻһգ¥г˼ƬҲû
ƣĿǰˮƽ޷ֻʱͣˡ
Ҷ̾˿û˸ֻפʥʼ߷ϣǰһ
֪ôˣ
ǱУ͵ϢԽԽǿʱ䣬˲߶ݣϢҲԵֵһĩսನϮ˵ѹ
˵ѾӴıԵĵȻʼתΪƣ
Ȼǲ༫Ϊ۴ĵӣԭΪʶ㼫Ϊ־Ļۣ˴εõҶеһɾ
Ϊľ˵ѹԽԽᣬʮʱȥѾԲش߶ǱݣĩսನҲٻ뱤֮Увǡ
ǰϢͻѷɫ࣬ǰԱӻǧ֮أֻܱӻǱݣɼ֮ͬ仹żĲࡣ
Ҷֵܣһֱһ顣
ƳƳҶ̲ס㲻ǱѹۣԼһ㣬ҾȻ·רһĪǣϵ֮
˷׷׶Ҷ䣬ڤҡͷЦ棬ˣ޷Ӵ˵ҶϵȻǿܱȵЩϹŵɣҹƣǱҲ޷߳ˡ
ɫȻͷ˵Ĳʱѹ˶ʮλĸǾɾޣЩ֣ͼӺͳͳûгɹ
ȡһʯֻʯּģɿԱϣһλµԣȴ˵ʮλ֣һеر׼򴩺ۣ˵أȴʮλ;УǼرҲĩսನݻ٣뺣۵
ʣµЩæӶݶأɥ;УնʮλֻʣһЩУڸϲд
̾Ϣ۾Ǻεǿõĵ۾ֻѹۣ˼ҽ۵ĲƽϢҲΪ𣬼Ϊ£˼ҵʵҲҪԶҲû߳˵أ
ĬĬͷ˵ռΪơ
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Ҷԥһ£Цҵа취뿪ֻۣҵΪ㣬Ҫλ֡
ɴ۾ʧģûƭǣ
ԺһҡͷҶϵĪЦ֣Ҳδӳ˵أʲô취
ϵܣ㲻ðοˡЩϹͷûжԪܶһձһհˡ
ҶЦȷʵû˵ѣȷ֮Һö˶˵ģźԼȥ뺣֮У
һٵĪϵں滹нӦԭи⣬Ǻ˽ӦǣһױһԽǵȥ
޵⵹Ǹ⣬߿ɲңֳģҲҪ㷨ͳͳȥ
ҶҡͷЦʵɱҵʤûмԸҵġ
Ҷֵܣ㾿кΰտ뿪˵أ
͵ͻȻ˷׷ѭȥֻϤʧֻʣƹһ磬˱ַ·𣬲еȴǷ۴𣬶Լģ
Ѿ֤÷ӵ֮ԼΪԼ˴绷Χٷ羻ÿһһ棬񣬻ֺ׳
ֻǸո̤ľ磬в̣ҲȼüϷǰִ
ˣҲȴǰǿ˲ʮĩսನбӻһ
ϲڿһ˴ϲ׷׹Ц
Ȼɾȴû̫࿪ģҲԼưһһ񣬵߾ȫػҵȣֻϧδЩʱճɾرѹʣһɣȴҪȥҶϵܣ뿪˵صİգ
Ҷͷֵ֣뿪˵صİգҪλ֣֮һ֮Ǳ뺣۵ײȡһ
˶һۣĬĬڸ֮Ѿ֧ţ뺣ײǾˡ
̲ס۵ײڸ֮£Ҳ˶೤ʱ䣬ȥ·һҶϵܣȷֵطҪı
ҲĿ⾼סҶס
ҶɫȻͷ
㣡ͶȻ
ЦϵܣҲ㣡粫һ˵˵أգ
̵ҶϵȻʱĺܺڣԳУûƭǵıĻϷҲš
ԥһ£׷ЦǶˣǼϹͷҲû˼ҪһҪһ
Ц쳤ţЩħͷҪˣ׼ڰǵ²ɣ
˴üͷŵڵأȭߣŭʲôʲôǹ󣬺ʱй
ǣںӵпǶϺˣ
ҶЦ˴֣һƬůЩһȻжǽ˼µħͷȴãԼ˺ĻЩĶǵ۾Ҫǧٱֹ
Щνħͷֻ˰ˣ˭壬˭аƶǷǣһ˳
ȥ뺣۵ײ
վ˼Сԭڵأֻֻʣһ޴Ķڣ׷¿ȥֻףжͳͳޣκҲ޷澿ʲô
ѾɾͣҲǰΪԶҶ˸Ҳ޷۵ײĵҵΪ߶ǱݣҲ޷Ȼﵽײȹ̾磬ܣҲޱȣԪ𣡡
ҶĿɨһܣλǶ׼ô
ͺ˶һۣĬĬͷɳƣͻȻſ³һԪһͼǺǵЦҶϵܣڰ·ϣȥ֮ȥһ壬һŮܻ
Ϸǣңֻʱһλ£ԲһλŮӣÿھε÷š
ԺҲΪһͼ૵ҶϵܣˣȥѰ˵õˡ
ɬҲһ׮Ըδˡ

λһһߵҶǰԸ£Ȼ֮һ뵽ȴʲôѩ޵飬顣
λһԻųȥҲɸԵԸ¥𣡡
Ҷأ΢Цһ߶¥̽һ֮̽еʲô


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ҶϵΪʲôԺɨ¥һۣаɻ
Ҳͬ˼ϳ滹һֻҶ֣֮أȻӦԽԽã
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УˣοҶ¥һƶûӡϣ϶ոս棬ᱻʴɻң
ҶʱѾ߶¥ʱһޱȺ嫵ܱԽܣλнһ
˶һۣҲŽΪ¥֮УǵΪΪ֮жǰμ¥ܶʱٴγɱͣʮĺһһ㱻ǴһƬƬʱգޱȼ̣
ܣȻﵽĲΣҪȫ

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ÿһϢʱ䣬ǱȥһƬųûκ죬ֻ˴˵
۵һ԰磬ŵÿ£Խ룬ҪԵѹԽԽѹֱ¥֮ϣѹ¥ܣǲΪ
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ĩսʵ̫ǿˣǿǸ޷½֮ʱͻԼһʱ䣬˿϶ɡ
Ѿ뺣۵ĩսپײûĩսٵҲûдӴ˵ԭ·صĿܡ
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Ҷͺһ΢͵ͳͳ¥֮У漴ԼҲڡ
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ͷɫգͬҲǲԼϣͬе
ǵĿڸԶǸĿֻ֣ԶȻڣأеıֱебеķֲ棬ͨ񣬺ء
ǵĿŵĸ߸Զȴط־һƬƬ˶ޱȵɫأ鲼ƺϣԼһִ
֣ôһֻվҶϣڤ૵
һɫãȻͷôһ˵ҲǽµȻһʵ̫Щɣ
֮УһϵΡȻͦ޴ʱգҶ¥Ҷ֮ϣͬһ΢С
ⰻȻں֮гһƬ磬γɵޱȹ̣׵ֵĩսನϮҶ¥ܻҪ˲֪ٱ
ĪǾǴе
ѹԴɻ˵еһλϴ֣֮һλ۾ǽãΰ磬ôȻĲƬ
͵ͷǰҲ£Ҷʦ۴׿ڸңһλֲĴڣпܳ׵ƣһȫµľ磡Ҷʦ翪սΪλڣһֱûж֡
ҶĬƬ̣ͻȻڵ˵λ۾ѾɱҲѾ˿
ܣҶʦλݵͬһ㣬ôܻ
ҡͷЦͻȻȻһ£ʧҼˣǰһ죬ͻȻƬ̣ĩսನСѵ˵Ƭ뺣֮У
۾һ֣Ҳǵô£ʱҲ˵ǺϿʲô֪䵽δȥˣ
ôĶ϶ˣ
˿Ҷ񣬳ҶϵܣҪѰҵıգѾѰǷаմӴ˵뿪
ʮɵİաҶ񵭵


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Ҷ񿴵ĲƬ֪Ҳ޷סԤϣӦɲλǰǳ춯صĴս֮У¶ѣһ֧ɵ뺣֮Уû
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ҶпѪȻһײײ֮Уʧ


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ͬһ˲䣬ĹķϣҶԪʱصһըϷ裬̥ĵݣֱ˴ˣ
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ͷȻһƬȥ鹬ȻһСԪ磬СԪֻһǾһȱ
˵ĸоͬһ㣬£ҶĵϣҲ޷ӽ
֮Уͨɫ鲼ϣܺȡ
Ҷ΢΢һȻǺ۶ϣѹǿܹ̲۾Ķѵ
Ϊ󣬲Ҷȴİ۱ǴӺ֮һҶҲúƶɣıṹ޳֤Ĵͨ
¥ƹԽתΪƶٽƶתΪγɺɿռ䣬ǿ
ۻҶĺֻ¥õĺ̲صĺ
Ȼ֮ͬеĺȴ۳ɷǵ۾ϣشڼǵ۵ĺɳػҶ¥ĺǴûܡ
öȻֻһҲͬСɣֻϧĿǰ޷ҵٶȱؽȴǰ죡
Ҷͷ쾭ԢǴӺ֮пٵأݻ磬ú˵°빦Ϊȹ̣ľҪʵ
¥ĺʵ̫٣
㲻ͬˣ̲صĺ޷һľ磡
ҵõƬļֵ˿ѷϣұԴȡ
Ҷȶ񣬴߶ҫգʱѰһСԪ硣
Ϣ
Ҷ鹬ļԽԽڱ׽ϢĿȥֻ鲼˿һСԪ磬鲼ա
Ѿ鹬˴룬΢ԷЩ˿Ĵڡ
˴Ŀĵǣ鹬һСԪ磬˿СԪ⣬ͬһ룬ǧ˿ǴͶһСԪ硣
Ҫװռ鹬ͱ뽫Щ˿ͳͳȥȥЩ˿϶ᾪ󡣡
Ҷһ£漴Ŀ¶Ȼ֮ϣӿ̫죬һֳУͬһѿ޸
ϲϣңҼȻѾ˺Ƥռȵռ鹬㲻ٳԥ
һն˿
Ҷ˸ɷ磬һ鹬նȥǧ˿ͳͳնϣ漴ٸأ
ڶ˿ɲϼһСԪȥȻǴ㳹׻ȥ鹬ڵĲã鹬еĸն
ϣôĵӣ
СԪ֮ͻȻֻСԪ˿˵һ𣬻һֻϸ֣ȻҶĿӭȥһסУһҶ̫ӡ÷飡
ֻ˿̫ӡ漴ָչҶץȥ˿鲼գ飬ƶ
Ҷһϸ룬һҡֻƵӿ¡ϣʮ˲ʮ磬漴֮Уʮ͵ͳͳɳʮһ챦ݣ
䣡
ʮһõĵ֧ţʱܼͣҪǿܣֻ˿е˿ϱϣ
ʮ˲ͱ˵һοʮҪԽʮ˲ʱҶֻǷֻδ׽ĲΡ
ʱ޳棬ݣױĵΣٽױһף˺ֹʮ
ͬʱҶͷ¥üԪ֣ٿ¥֮У¥ϣʱ߶¥ܣĿ⾼񣬶סֻ˿֡
ԭǹ򡣡
ֻ˿裬ȻջأֻСԪ˿һŮӣĶˣȴһĿҶЦЦԺȻһ鷴ǣ


897 
ķУкԵķζҶԣ·ȻǺЦǸᣬΪ鸮Ȼ鹬ĸȻӦý߾ȫػ鹬İȫ˵޳֮󣬱̴㽫鹬ϴһ飬û۾ļϸӿСԪ磬ִ֮£Ϊȴˡˡ
Ϊ鹬֮
ĿǳЦĿǰͣȷʸΪ鹬֮鹬Ա˵дãʱܸ㡣ɴƣΪ˵֮кη԰꣬һʱ䣬ûĲŸɡ
ЦΨǾ٣ҶٱǸ˲ţܴӺȷǸд˵ˡĪΪһʱ̰ģԺһ鷴ǣĻֻý鷴Ľˡ
˵⻰ЦģƵͬڿһСЦҶȴ֪Ů˵⻰ʱȷɱ󶯣һЦ
ĿǰʵĶֻ֣÷ŹСԪˡ
Ҷһ鹬ֻʣһСԪûмĲξʼն޷ش֣жȡ鹬ƿȨ
ٱлﴹȻأжģ
ҶĿ֣µ쳯ĳᣬӺǰȥ档Ѿ޳棬˻ֺ귨ٽһƷĹְЩС˰ɣ
¶һĨЦ⣬٣ռݸĵ̣ҪԴ
ҶϣǺЦΨǾ٣˫ڵΪʵΣҲ̰ģеĵ̺ԴȻԽԽá
ʵѾǿԳΪվĩĻۺεۺ񣬱Ƹ꣬վĩλãѾǺ˲ĳɾˡ
Ƭ̣ЦȻϽ֮ģһУǱǰ۹Ʒְͳ˧ｮ򡣡
ҶϲæллﴹӲϢʹ˸ˣ
˳գɫȻټ鹬ˣüһá
ҶͷҫգסڵСԪ磬ܣѾ鹬鹬ƿأһСԪ类գ޷ǿжȡСԪ粻ȡ߱ߣվǸĸ󻼣
࣬бԵүʲôƲߣ
ʱûС
ҶҡͷȻ̰ҪĺôҹϺһҲšĻͬҲһֶšҼǰ磬뿪֮϶ͼȡ鹬ƿȨѾʮһΪɸ棡
æǰҶ΢ֻԼʮ˲ʮ縡ֳʮһеǰ
棬ҷƹһСԪ磬ķƹܴ˱ڵСԪԱߵСԪС
ҶĿڼϣһ뼫У棬ҲΪƹԱߵСԪ硣
漴Ҷһ棬ᡢŭɽۺԼȮ׷׳УԱΪƹһ
Ҷֻħ𡢺ħħʡ۷ʥʣһֻûзΪʱƹһ磬޳棬һСԪеԴͳͳСĿǰСԪеԴǾʹá
ħ˴ϲСԪеĲƸܹõһСԪ磬޳涼ΪԴ
ҶʮһϣЩ½ǡǡһԲ״ڵСԪΧС
춯ǱԽȻͳ
ҶķԴ߶ʮ취ʮ취Ϲһʮ˲ħʺͳ
ǷᣬҶԪʼѾﵽʥʵľ磬ħʺҶڵķѾ۷ʥʣǿԽЩϹһ
ҶΨֶͻƣȡԪ𶷣ǣЦˣԪǶѹ֮ۺΪҲԴ߶֮ΪϬ
»Ԫ𶷣Ҷȡ֣ᣬʦã֣ҲʮķſԴ߶ʮѾȻأڱԴ㣬ƹ
Ҷһ󻪸ͻȻѳһϣʮĵڣ
˾ٷǵ÷ѧʮʡȥḶ́Ϊ޽ӽ棡
Ǹƹһټʮʮ˲ķѾǿԵֵķ˿鹬
Ҷ֮Լһ鹬Ա⣬ޣ΢ֻԳԭΣ˫գµơ
ϧ鹬ʵ̫ˣֻñħƹܷ桢͵˿ͶңҲ׽ˡ
Ҷϣ޷죬κοɳ֮ձϣ뿪鹬ƿݣȥ
У
۹֮Уһ˶ĶͻȻ˪һ
ֽ⣬ʣĿǺǵЦĸ֮ͽ
Ϻ˪ȥӣЦ˭ȻǸ򡣴ҰĲƿأ̶ʱ䲻ȻܴӺѣ޳档˵죬Ժķǿ¶һ߶೤һͷİǣΪ֪˼Ȼǿ鹬ͼ鹬ƿأ
ζ˵ҶٱȻӺ˳˶Ǹɴڵתô֮죿һ뾡޳۾»˭ε
ҶٱǸˡ
ǳǳһЦ֣֮£û˿Իڶκ˶СˣһۼᷢȷΣգҲײƿ֮á
ӣЦֻʵǿ棬вʵǱԸҲã̱Сӵ죬ȻñĹ٣ռݸأȡĺô̰ÿ¡˼Ҷ˽⣬ĻһֶţҹƣĻҲһֶš
˳ĬƬ̣ЦȻ˿ﹴĶǣҶٱһȤˣΪȷǸڵ硣
ﵭȻҶٱֻѢ֮͵۾ĸ󻼣ĸ֮´ǰκҲ˻


898 ۹
۶Լ칬̳ǰ۵ĵ칬ڲ磬칬ΪûʣƴʱͥҲһΰŻźǧʤ
ʱʮһȵĳᣬ۾ٲ۹ԶԶʱֻ۹ϿգƷ裬֪жڴˡ
磬ÿһ֮нƾĻͳһ磬е۾ٲȻһС͢ɭϣʱĲ۹ڴˣǿ
ձ֪λ۾Ĵӹ̣Ͱɽβƣ޼ɴߣ
£Ҳ˻
۾ССĻѲʹʹʥʱҲ׷׸ǵƱ˲֪ٱǰûлȨֻڵ۹Χ£۾ȴڵ۹Ĺ֮УȻ
ףѾ˾ʱ䣬ôǰ۹
۾ͻȻѭȥֻ۹⣬ϼڣһͷ˫սŲƣһ˴գȻ
ǿϢͷ˫վȻǻҪǿ۷˰ɣ
׷׿ȥ֣вĽ֮ɫ
ܹӵһͷ۷Ϊһϵҫֻ˴ų
ͷ˫Щ졭
ʥ۾вֹ·񹬵ޣйһ֮Եʱ滯ξޣⷬģңҲ۷ʥʵΪ
ȷ棡
ĵͨôᱻãԭΣ˵
жܲζĽǿ־壬Ȼ棬˵Ϊޣޱ˵ͷһ㡣
ʲôô󵨣ĴӶҴԭΣ
һλѵĳȥ֣ǰΪľӣ
׷׵ͷڳ֮ϲټ֮ҲжԹʱ¶ԷӰĵǰҫԷ顣
˴Ȼ˵ǳᣬ۵ĴᣬǺεȽ飬϶ֻһ
Ȼ˿ɲ٣˵컯Ըѵ컯Ϊ
԰컯ѵ˵۹ѵĶͷ
һλϽطΧڵĵ״һԲһСܣֱϢȥӦͨ籨ȥˡ
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ֻձ˵죬ͬʴƮƮƳһӴռ䣬ħҹгţ
ڴͷһǣ޷Ѥöʣְһۿȥڻ֮С
󣬻һ޴ֻͬọ̃ǧٿףԲɣ
ͷ˫սŲȻգǰȥʵٶȴ죬۹Ż֮⣬۹֮
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ڿձ˵ףʱͣŴֻͣš
ͨһħͷĹ鸮Ҳ׷ע⵽ձϵҶʧ
ҲʧôôͻȻ˳ѵ󣿡
֮˲֪ΪҶ뺣֮о·һĵ˿ͻȻҶ֣ͬһ㡣
ֻʥʣ˿̳Ϊ棬ҲսʤޣôȻԭΣѱ÷Ը
ղʦĵѾȥ֪ͨ񣬴кϷˣҶٱΪȻĴǰᣬϵòͷˣ
۷׷ףϤҶУͻȻֻһ죬ֻ£ҶϢţֲѹɢԽֱķɣӰ裡
˾ԶûбҶϢֱƷɣҲùѹ޷Ϣа׷ױ졣
ЩԭȥѰҶĻֺ񹬣ҶϢɢ֪Լֺã׷״ͷͷҶȻ۹ĽǱ
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ղžҶϢֱƷɣΪ޷ӳŪûͷŭʲô򣿲ۼ㲻Ǻɫʵ̫ˣ
ɫҲΪѿЦǰĺˣһֺƨ֮죬ٺ٣ȵﱻ˷ҿôţ
ֻҪ󱻷ϣǹ˺򣡡
Цյ۾ҲˣûӣԻ÷ǳѿ
˵˴͵۾Ϊ˷
һλо۾ѰһλӣΪͽܣЮƹλȨ
ֹһλӣһһλ䣬˵ãѾľ磬ʵֱ׷
˵ĳλϵУѾ۹֮УȨ

ڴˣ׳ۣ
ձϣҶоһɹɺ嫵Ĳ֪û˵ĵʵȷҪ࣬ϾѾ˲֪ϹϵıĻȴ꣬Ȼ޷ЩϹ
Уÿһ˶Ƭ֣Ǻεۺ񣡲ʵȻǣӦúܿ׷ǡ
ҶԴ˺ģոճɾ棬һκܳ·Ҫߣڼ仹һΪʵķԾڣʱڣΪľʱ޿̲ͻǣʵҲкܴ
۹ŸܵƬ칬֮Ϣɢǵûн۹մݻ٣ӹء
۹ĴϢ̵۹ռ䣬ֹ۷棬ǿĴڣڵ۹֮ҲмѣҶȺ֮ǰС
۾ĴȻܹѹһ棬ҶȴûжӰ죬ΪܹʱصǵûκβʣڽϢĥԼĵϡ
Ǳ
Ҷգߵ۹ģ̧ͷȥֻһ޴ͭһΰϢƱ糯֮
ҶϸϸֻǱ֮ǳΪ׺ڱϿգͬһſı飬ɫ
ȷʵʵʵǳֱǶڽǵĶǳγ棡
˴ֱʣֻ۲ܰ쵽
۵ı
ҶĿͻȻڴ֮е۱֮ϣҲ޷뿪ɻвϢ·ȥӵ£ƿؾ죡
ȥһ
ĿǰȥȴڴʱһɿֲϢҶһ


899 
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Ҷһ漴ԼĲ²⣬ΪŨְԵƥϢǲͬϢȻֲȴûж⡣
һϵ鸮ôĵӣվڽǱǰס۵ıѵзǷ֮룿
Ҷתȥֻһλ׷ԲԵվԼԶ̬ӣһλ֣һͰƽ̡
ŨŨӦò࣬޳
ҶĿ¶ɫ֮ͫͻȻֳĿλɨȥΪۣһʱ߹֣ͳͳЦԭ㣬Ȼ˵أҲǺôĵӡ
ܿĿ֣ܿһۡ
ҶЦ֮УܹĿˣֻһеֻطһҡֻطֻСͨȴǴңֻڣܹתԿǰ֡
ԭˣ鸮ͨԶŴʱûˡ
˿һ̬ӵӣ鸮Ҽ롣
ҶӲ΢Цˣ֮У˭ˣ˵ʵɣʲô
Ҽ컯֮鸮ᡣ
߲𣬺ǺЦŴ븮ᣬֻһֱƴǣδܳУҲڳϣȻҪ̸Ǽһĵúܡ
ҶЩȻ컯ȷһᣬֻǵʱǵԼʵ̫ͣ޷ƽƽûȥ컯
컯ȴҲ赲֣ȹһΡ
ҶػͻȻֻһĵúܣδذɣ컯һʬ壬ʲôԻϲģ
ʦ𡭡
Ҷµɴ£ͻȻֻһأ޵ʦ
ҶһѭȥֻռζжȻֳһɫŻŻ󿪣ӿһλòϵӣϥеı֮ϣƶصһ磬סԼɫɱ
񹬵
ҶһݣŤʱգ֮УӴͬǰԼ޶ԵޱϸСûһָͷ
ɵǴ֮ϢɢʱʱҲ޷ǵӴĿռɣǵ쳣ΰ۾κǿȥֻޱȸߴΰвһ޿ƥеĸо
޵е
޿ˣҲҴϢһ£ڵϲҶ
ҶһԭԸǰȥ컯ԵʣûʵǰֻԼС΢ûлȨ
޳棬ȻɱȲȴҲû˴ǰľη֮ġ
䣡
ƳţޱʱʱձŤҲԵޱȿΰ
Ҷץס޵ϣһ޲ޣѾҵ񹬵ӣˣ
ɫ֣̿ȶ²ͣ
񿴵ϣһĹâ漴ע⵽ߣͫ͵һ¶ɻ֮ɫ漴ϣЦޣȻᱻãԾɣʡø
Ҷ񵭵̫ˣǱѾģûбӦҲˡ
գ
Цһֵ֮жȻ̽һֻë׵Ĵ֣Ҷץȥ
ͻȻ΢һֻֻ飬һɷƵǺЦƢ̫ˣ鸮ҼĿˣǱˣǰν
Ϲ㾿˭ܹһ֮һǼ֮αزͷ¶β
ͫ׼СĶλߣ֮ͫдתƣߵȴʲôҲû
ͬʱ۹֮аӿǿӵɨȻͬʱڹע˵صΣҲʶĿͷǰ̽顣
䣡
һ޵еӿϷȻһλ۾Ҳ߶˺֮ġ
߻üЦҼΪͨ죬ɾ컯۾Ϊ֮ȻҼˡ
ƨ컯εºܣбշһˣ㵽Ǻˣ¶Ŀ
һʼûߵдǼɵ컯ʱѰһѣȻǼ֮ʵ֮ϣʱĴûй¶Ը˿ʵĿߣ߾컯ԼװŪΪԼƣҪıĺô
ߵü˳ۣǺЦȻˣأ޳ѹᡣģҼ鸮֮ôɱôɱҼʡ
ȻˣǾ컯һӡ
ʵûаգƮȻˣЦҶٱ˴γȡ
أȲ˵컯ǸУλصӲƴҲˣʱڲ࣬вͷвǴͷ
Ҷ벻⣬ЦлΧ
ߺǺЦ಻֣鸮ҲӦ롣
ǣǰȥҶ˶ȸϣȥ
컯ͬ𣿡ҶձϣЦʵ
߽һģŭʲôۣͬҶѵĲһĴʣͶ
ҶʼͷЦɲã˵컯ȴҲõúܣһƴµĻ£˭ģͷƣ컯ͷƣ߸ҡ
Ҷˣɲһϰߡ
дһЦ޷ѾȺʱˡ
Ҷֻ˵ŮӣȻһɫˣʵںģҲһļΪÿ
˵Цˡ
Ҷգ¥֮Уλһֻһ̨֮ϣ컯ɽЦ⣬
컯ߣҲһλŮЦŮͿ󣬽ʮģһ㴲֮ϣӦ컯컯վһԣͬŮ
Ƕˣһ㣬컯Ȼ۷棬ǰϸСĿ
컯ȻҲҶһ
컯ĶˣЦҶҪ̣һҪȷǲĳ˵ĵڶ
Ҷգգ۾ЦҾңˣ
ǿ˵컯Ц
Ҷҡͷ컯ЦҶ㻹֪ߵ˭գ㻹ֳ


900 ¥к
ԣЦҡͷλҵĿͱҶһ۾ҲҵĿȴ
컯ݣҶ컯ЦҶԽȷ˵תˡ
΢ڴžı죬գۼڣһףĿߴ󣬹ӹͬ꣬ȴһͷѩҶйһ֮Ե
ҶѾΪ鸮򣬲ͨϣȻǰϵһħͷ
ɱ֮󣬵ʲóΪϵһˣ֮ǣû뵽ͷ۾ڴ˵£뻢Ѩ
Ҷ֪Ŀ˿Ҳȡ
컯ͻȻеɽ𣬷ӡԷ˿̽ҶԶŴʱɹŷתʱ̥֮ԣ֮Ҳǵǰ֣ڶΡ
ת뾭ֻأ棬κҲ޷ڶ֪飬˭Ҳ⡣
Ҷɫ䣬΢ЦҲ˵̥֮ԡת֮󣬵ȷǰ֣̥֮֮Խ⡣ΪұԶΣ
Ҷʵ춯أȻѷɫʵԽһ棬۸ͬ±Ҫѷɫ
컯ɫأŹҲƷף˵ʵֻ൱ڵ׻ʰˡҶӵнӽʵڹ֮У൱ڽ۷壬ӽľ硣
ҶͷЦѾӽΪʵΪδ⿪̥֮ԣָǰļ䣿ɼҾңת
컯򸾶һۣЦƲҲԼĲ²⡣ҹֻ๦ܲǰ޷ָյļ䡣
컯Ŀ˸ЦѾʮգָǰļ䡣
ҶԼ֪ҷ˵
컯ǺһЦǰֻλӣλ֮ʦѣСĵӣλӣһλǴˣյ۾սǳս֮Сһϻ۾ػ˶Ϊϻ۾һȴ֪ϻ۾һŮ
ϻ۾սʱΨһŮûб죬ʱ۾֮ŮѾ޸컯ܹڣҲ컯ȫ
Ҷйֻ֮ܽ⿪룡
Ҷ˵أҲɵý컯컯ͳͳǵϵλȨأ˵ڵ۾֮£޵ķʸΪ¶ƭԼ
ǵĲ²⣬˵Լλڵת
óȻӡԼһˣ˵ͼΪһ˼еһ֣ҶкǷصĸд
˶ΪҸս£ȴ֪ҸλڴڵֵۼķһԯۿȻһǺжӵ
컯ȽȽ̬ǧҶϵ̬һʥࣺǳսҸնɱ֮ȻһƬУӾߡҸΪ߶һ¥Ԫ߶أۼλڵĲлꡣ
˵һξĶǵ£γпᶷ£ǣ㣬е۾ͳͳǣУҲѾȥ۲𣬻һѾս۾
Щӵױȵǳ춯صĴս֮и԰һʵĽɫ
Ȼ±Իֺ뷨ӲĨļҲĨȥλڵһɣκҲ޷ʲô
վӹǴδϴڳӳϴ
컯ϻ۾ýȼԪѼλڵĲл꣬ϧûܽĲлͳͳѼѾ;ƿݡ뿪ҵ컯ţȥ˾֮⣬Ԫʼ֮أѰֻصƬ߶ֻƬλڵĲлתڶ
컯̾˿įһȥҲûлѾԪʼ֮أԼĵҲ
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Ŀ⸴ӣϻʦ֣ʦ˼ҵĻع飬˿˽ϧҲˡ
컯ĬȻǰ֤֮ƬĬĬҶ߳¥ʱ㲻ˣλڵĵڶָǰļ䣬ӵдļ䡭
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·𾭹һ֣֮ѡ
Ҷ񿴵к½ϣһ߾ޱ˶ħʬǡЩʬǣʵĴڣλĴħƬУͬҶԺ֮еħһ㣬һΪľչ֡
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ҶҡͷҵǣĻһλͨϵһ֣˭ʹ˭˭˭ϧĲǡ


902 ıɱ
λĬȻ·ͻȻ꣬ʮŮ컯ҲһʧȥǶ˵ٹ⡣
ҶٴǣЦ˴λ볯ᣬֻΪ֤ǲĶʦתɣ
Ҵ˴ȷдҪ졣
ĬȻƬ̣еźȥɱ󡣡
Ϊƽ·˵һԼɣ΢飬ͬһֻһɡ
ɱ
ֻеݵħͷ²Ż赭д˵⻰ҶȻͬ˼Ҳ˴Բѵ˵ֻ
ΪŮӣȨѬ죬̳вĻҵ֮ĪǺ֮ĪǺ󳼣ͳξ۾ͳͳĳӣ˵ֻŮ˾۵ı
е۾˲ȴʼûһ˵Ҷ֡
Ů˽ƻ裬Լͳλϣ˭֣˭棬ͻ⵽۾Χ
Ҳ֪Լ⵽۾죬ǳ¶棬Ҳ֪ںδ
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Ҷ΢΢ü֪Ѿ޳ɵ۾һбѹ۵Ķûκʤ㣡
ɲ⣬ȻĶ֣ǰܹѾҡ
Ϊ㻹Ҫ
Ҷո˵ڣͻȻһʧ㰵һ֣

ЦɭȻ۾һ֮ˣҪ±϶۾Ĺʶ֮ģΪ۾ַԼվǽ壬Ѿƹˤҵһƽ֣֣۾κ˶ûʶ֮λϣ϶ϧѵûᣬңɱ󣡡
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İϵһˣɱ֣ӦòںЩɣ
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Ҷ΢ͷѭȥֻһΰ֮У°Χһӳ˹ĵѵ۾֪ӺδŪĲ֮ӣ۾Ū壬ΪľǱ󽻳еĴȨ


903 Ѫ
֮ĹϵǷô򵥣»Ƕ֡
Ҷ۾ֻЩ쳯ԱӵǱȥλһͷ󣬺ȻҲһ۷棬ĸԸݣΧĵҲͳͳǵ죬磡
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ҶǰȥȻƺԵķ羰
ҲЩŭ˴γѲҪ۾֪Ѿ˵أȻҪóӵͷ۾Ϲġ
˵סȥ·֮бѹһͷӦǸҶ񱳺ߣǾҶĸֻ࣬Ц
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۹Ұĵطײ˳͢٣Ҫ췴ôִܣӵУ
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ҶЦõ֮ӣڱǰȻվҲվȣƾ㻹ڱ˵ķʶλЦɱ
ɫԽԽ죬̲ס۵˿Ѫ


904 ֱ
ҶָͷҲδһ£ѾѪȻۼķΪʵ۷棬ҶǿĴǰȴʲôǣ
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ѳɴ󻼡һΰ֮Уһͳ
һΰ֮УһλĿʼȻûʹȫֻܹ̽һ˲࣬鸮Ѿɳ˿ηĵز֮սУһǿУ

ʼ֪Լ֣Ȼ۾İпţֻҲû뵽ҶȻܽԼһ˵ԼδʹȫϾҶֻ棬Լһûܽ£Ѿǰв߳ŭ
ʼ򣡡
ǧƷɣֻһ죬ޱӴȻ𶯣֮ʻѹأǲ۹ҲԳǿѹ𶯲ͣƬƬ
ŭٸҶκλᣬֱӶʹȫҶɱ
ѹرҲ߶֮һܣֻܽر׷ӡ
ҶǰԪҲδӳ𶷵ɱɱ𣬶˴ʼʼȵֲֿͣϢɱһ棬飬綼ᱻһ޴Ŀ֪Ľ
ײ֣Ϊǵƻʵ̫޴󣬳ʱԻأʼ˿̶ŭҲ˲࣡
ʼһ֣ѹ죬Ⱥ嫣֮Уʼ뱬ȣȫ׳ԼΪʶϼӳ֣߶ܲ
䣡
ʼܳױشӿޱȴִͬᣬϿջӴħһһŮβ䶯Ħ
ȫһҶܵױȵѹов
壬Ǵ֪ҵôôֹⳡսѵҪҵȫʵʼѵңôһŻὫҾ£
ҶϷɣʼδѾĵһֳܲסƣƮȻˣǰϼ˸ֳһ¥¥С
ʼȻѹѻգһ磬漴Щ类ͳͳѹѹ
ҶĿһХһֻǰ¥ͣԽԽߴ󣬶Ȼʮ죬ǰ
𣡡
üһԪɳ¥ϣȫ߶¥Ȼף


905 濹
ҶԪ¥ʱ¥߷ǰȻ޷׷ӳ¥ܣֻӪһսУ˵Ϊŷӳ
Ҷ˿̳ɾ棬Ϊʱ֪ٱ¥㱻ӵ쾡£ܲĵƵۺ͵ϣϤ߶һɹɴϢЩҶ뺳ƣҲһһ
޳棬۽ʶвĪ⣬һȥֵ߶֮ϵƵӦ֣
ֻ¥ӿ֮ĵϣͻȻðһִƣ鲼¥ЩƲʮƣʮ˲ĴʥͿֲϣһصرܣʼҪǿ󣬻Ҫֲ

ʼĿһܹоҶ¥δҶ񳹵׼ȫܳ׷¥лһޱȿֲδ߶һ漴ЦСӣӵҲǱ֣
Ҷ¥Ϊأ¥ȴ̲Żеƣ۱ŻеϣԪݣ߶ϵƣԽ¥ĲΣɢȥԪ񣬱
ʶ㣬Ҳֵ顣
֮УϢؼ䶸ȻһƬ谵漴ĹâƵضѣһʱճ֣漴飡
ܾδгֹǿĴȫֵΣ֣ҲֻСС֡
䣡
ȫһನ綸Ȼ˺ѣһѺۣѺ֮УִڴӰһſƾ֮䵮ǹ貣Ǻӣ漴ֲನ飬ޣ
˴Ҷʼȫײٴʶʱֲֿ֮֮ͬ
Һǽֵĵصڲ۹֮У۹ıһ˲ĵ۱ټ۾Ϣӳ֣ҶʼƻȻǿᣬҲδԵ۹ɲ޸ƻ
һ֮УЩδ¶۾㱼·𿴵һȽȽߣǹâɣȻЩԣ
أ
ʼ֮еʱԳ¥ػ֪ײ֮Ԫͳͳ飬Ѫ
֮еǿգǳѣ޴ʯǿ֮е䣬ųĻ½ش󺣣Ҳһײ֮ѿ½鼷ѹײ¡һޱȴִ׳۵ɽɽҽӿ
֮УŭѿգӿȣͬŭҪˣ
ֻһʼ֮б˲֪ˣЩ鶼ʼ飬ѪգӳĿռ䣬޸ˣǹ죡
ʼϿյƻħѪ֮󣬱øǿħ죡
ʼϾķڲͬһصľأʼ򣬲ǵΪġ
ʲΪ۾ȴ辶ýʮĹ£һӴ壬嶼Ѫķ֮Уսʱʵ
ˣԽӴ壬ͳͳѪԼΪѪͳͳգ֮УѪʹԼһͻƣɾ͵۾
ԼͳͳʹԼͻƳɾ͵۾ֻʼĴڲŻز̵ķʽŻز̵顣
˵ʼ鶼һִһʱһֻԼΨһĴڡ
ԼܹΪ۾ͳͳкη
ҶƺһȻˣ¥Ҳ⵽ƻʼӲƴһ¥֮еĿռʱܾҵײԪҲһ𶯣ܵơ
¥֮УһƬƬձ¥飬ɲԺ¥еĹȣҲͬһʱ⵽֣֮ƽϢⳡЩ¥飬Ȼͳͳ
Ҷ˿Թ˲Ͼûл֣Ϊѹ¥еƻ
Ҷ֣ܳڣɱ¥ƽ¡
ҶͻȻɨֻ¥еķ籩ȻƽϢһ¥ռѸٻָʤǰд󶨡
ϥ£̧ͷеʮľľĿ֪Щʲô
ҵ¥ұ޼ɵĳ֣
Ҷоһֹסƣֻ¥ʮ֮Уӿħƣȸղܸٴʼȥ
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˿˿ƶԶҶ¥еĴһ֮֮ĸоȫ߶ʼʼ򣬶ȻҪ⵽ƻ
ľ裡
£ĿͻȻһͷһ£ѹ֤֮кϿգ¥кӿ⡣
ʼԼȫ߶һȻûҶʵڳԤϣû뵽ǣҶȻôֹסƣչ۾ǰ涪

ʼ򱬷ȸղһȵٴ¥ײܱһײȸղŸɵƻӾ޴
ֻ۹֮Уձ簵±ӿͬδ٣δľ
ͻȻֻ˼ֻ۹Ͽգһ޴еһţеǲǺǿգеǽ̻Ի͵ĹеһƬ칬ɽ񸮡ֵȵɳѹһƿ簵סһƬգ⵽Ҷʼನ
Ͽգȴûȴǵ۾Ĵ
ͻȻֻ۾סĹſһֳͯһģҡͷȥҼү徲үдһӡ
ͯӽڹ֮ϣֻ±ӿĻ簵ʱ粨ƽϢ˿󹬵ֺ
ͬʱ۾յ۾˵ĹҲţŮ߳Ӧǵ۾ĵӣеȡģеһ۱ǰԵֵҶʼֵನ
̬ȣ۾Ե÷Ƶ赭дǿذ
۹֮лҲΨǱ˿δ֮УĿụ̂ζЦݣЦЦ鸮򱾹ʾôռ鹬ʱֵ壬һĹӣһƸ飬㵹졭


906 ı
Ҷμӳᣬ۹֮ΪٲȻҷӣ壬ƻ۾Ĵƣʼսǽ߾ȫάĹ
ȴԴȻһҲţҶΪǴһƣٸһСŮŪ
۲ˣܳˣͳͳŪڹ֮䣿
Ц⣬ҡͷ鸮ڱǰˣ۶ȴЩֵôģȴҲܲ㣬֮ϣеĶưգ赲۾ŭ𣬷ɢǵעѹͻС࡭
á
棬֮еӽ֮дŶ󣬱ʵţһ޴вң컯ߵúֻܽͼı죬˵ĵڶҲ̫ƿˡ
֮󣬾鸮ڡ
ɫȻǳЦãù֮󣬱Զˡ
ζ֪ʲôͻȻɬôأù֮ǲҲҪӲţҵӣ
йâЦͣˣҪϵλҪôӲţ
֮Ҫ鸮ҶٱֻΪԺķǳ̫󣬳̫ԶѡֻҪĲԺķǲôԣ赣ı
ĬȻ
۹֮УҶʼѾӲʮ֮࣬ޱۻĵչֳʼԽսԽͣʼеҲԽԽǿҶ޷⣬ƵòϺˣѪݣ̲ס۵˿Ѫ
ʼϾǻ֮õľͷΪֻĥһͨ
ҶȻ޳쾭¥ǿױ֤֤СɣϾʼһ󾳽磬Ǹոճɾ棬ʱĻۣ
ڣԵЩġ
¥֮вΪӳ¥Ȼ޷ֵʮ֮࣬ʮ֮ڱܡ
ȥѹλڵ֤֮Ƭ¥ϣ֤֮кеĴӳ֣ôҶʵҲԷʼ
ʼһսҲ࣬ĸִ͸ӵӦ֡
ʼɫȻռϷ磬Ҳùʼе飬Ѿ˴룬Ҷ¥Ӳ飬ЩԭǿнΪ۾ʱһѪԼΪ˿ȴֻ޲ʼ
ȻΪ黯ѪʼܣϾֻԶǿ
Ҷһսе˴룬Ҳ˵ɾ͵۾ʱҪòƳ٣Ҫ֪ĻۣܴﵽĿǰʢ
ͬʱҲڲ˥֮УʱԽɾ͵۾ϣԽԽã
ЩǰҶͣ
ǵֻΪͷҶɱλ̫ӣļӣԲŻ᲻һҶ֣ͬʱµ壬۾ʾãû뵽۾Լĵģ¶棬û뵽ҶȻһôѿеӲͷȻΪӲλ
ͳͳҪ˽ˣ
ʼоƶݣ߶ʼһ࣬ȻҶΪҲڲϸǣûȵٶȣֻĺǿֵ

ʼϿħԽǿᣬÿһ𶼿ʼ߶ȻҶѹ£
ҶٱˣûǰӲӣʼһûʵ£ֻߣݱܷâ
ʼԽԽǿѹһգӡҲûаô޴ӶݼΡ
Ҷֵۼӡһ˲Ϣӵ۹ɳǧ۹ȥ
ʼȻ׷ѹһʱգȴڴʱһɫŻȻҶ󣬵סȥ·ȻҶ޷֣ʼּлҶ
֣Ըһ棬ʷǵһγʼȴû˿ɫ
ҶΪʵѾԳΪܹǲֶԸҶ񣬲Ϊڱ֮٣
Ҷո޳ûжãսʮУ¶ɳȥҪ꣬Ҷʱ¶ıǣ
ҶгԹҶֻڸԼǿУ
ۿҶҪ飬ͻȻֻ֮бŷƣ貣Ѥ֮һ˲䱬ܣȻֵסţ
Щײʱһײȴһ񸮣顰񸮡ĸ׭񸮴ſӿ
ͬʱһɳȴһƬǿգǿ֮УȻֳʮħ񣬺Ȼι״׶ׯϣǿƥǹɡ
ʮħסʼ򣬱ʼǹϱ죬ֹסƣʼһӲ
𣡡
ȥţգĿɭȻ۹ȥֻһλݸ߹ŵ֣ʮħХɻأӵԣͬһŵĴڡ
Ҳ˻ȥ񸮴űպϣһò
λҲҪԣ
ʼɱڣһʼɨλݸ߹ŵ򸾡
λݸ߹ŵ񸮵ü΢΢ҶһֺϤĸо
Ҽǵˣ
Ҷ¥ͷĿĵ׻ʱλʥʷ֣ЩǶǺ󡣡
ݹϣü붶ͳ鸮ͬ½׻磬ȻӦͬ飬ο鸮ͽǹˣ֣ܲ۸׻ˣ
Ҷһůڵ۹֮ͬ磬Щ׽֮⣬Цл
΢΢ͷʾ⣬ͻȻǶòЦҶҶоɣŴξҶǷܿ˱ǻɱ
긾ЦʼλѾ֮õֶԸһλ棬˵˳Ц
ҶֳлЦлٳΪҶĳֹ
ͷҶˣӦõġ
ҶԴ۹Ŵ۸νĵ޹Ҳ磬۸Ǹ֮ʼıɱΪϲ͵Ϯǿ̾ɱÿÿԼ֮һᣬп˶ⶣ̲סᡭ


907 ֮Դ
¶֮ͬɫ̾ϢڰȻЩС֮ҵ֮ʿǺܶģȻΪֹ
Ҷɶλò󱧺øУĵȻӱĸôһˣֻŮк̳ܲܵ
ʼ˵ĶԻѪС˶ⶣɱ֮ʱĴ֮ʱٵǶ˰һ֮ʱôûԼ˶ⶣ
ûн˰ɣ
ͻȻֻһϵĴЦҶһݣѭȥֻһ̨̨֮ǵһĸоأǶ

̨֮Уһλ׷ԲԵһӣ֣һ棬ǧۣе黨΢ЦеƿеĳнħƣеסеĻӡǧǧģ
ҶλĴţھķţͳֻзʮеķţǴԶŴʱͳŽѸ滻׵Ӧµ硣
Ȼûͳķ𷨣ĳȻԣȻ߳һԼĵ·ԼΪ棬޳ӵ˵ã
ͻȻһõʧǷΪŰȻ鸮ȶӵħͷΪ飬Ըʶ䣬Ҳֽֽۣ̣
Ҷѭȥֻڵȴ̫λ캣֮ϣ컯֮йһνֻ֣Ҷ֪ʱĿġ
λӣԪ̫ǱҶӡΪȻڸ֣֮λҲҶɫ
ʼһϲ̫ĶӣҶУҶйأס򸾺𣬴Ҷ׾٣
鸮Ӻڣ
ͻȻһλȴһλʿ츮ĿɭȻɨҶ񣬵УҵǲУ
ʼһϲԭѾʤȯգ˿е˼ѾҶħͷУҲҶѹ
˵ҶٱõļǽֵܣУǱɲˣѹСôͣ
ʼƳɫһۣЩֻ˼ñӣ׵İ
Ǻǣ֣Ǿ磬Ѿþûôֹˡ
һλȽȽȴһΡΡߣ֣ǴԼλȴ˫ֿտգӣ̫ҪԵòϣһֵµĸо
λλߣжһݣ̫ϹҲִ֣϶Ѿ겻֣۶ԸʱҲھ̫֮֮У֡˴˵չ꣬Ϊͻƣ޳ɵ۾˴˵Ѿ޳ɵ۾϶һ
ѵδ֮սҪô
оⱩĲƽ鸮һ֣㽫ƽôңЩԭѾ̨ϹҲͳͳͲסĪ⣿ԼʶλҰģ
ҶճһӵпսӣӰ£һսмûıôҲ˵ȥ
컯컯ҲΣһۣ˴еǲ
ҶѰĻʱǱ֪Ҷ˾ٶȻΪֺ󣬷ڳ֮ռһϯ֮أӽԱ͵Ϯ
ʱ˻ΪƲߵȷ㲻㣬ͻȻʼȾͷ̫̫ȵȣһϹĳ֣Ȼʱգսһ
컯һɽ¥ĸоһս϶Ҫɱ췭ظ춼ͱƸӶͳͳ˺ƤݻһޱȵĶ֮
컯ݣСֹ˵鸮Ǹ棬ߵģԭЩţȴЩˣһߵ˵۹Ҫһܰˡ
ȷǺ档
컯ӵĻΪͬͷһλڵתҿЩλǺεȻת֮ôһߵﶼҪһƬ
컯ĿսҲó֡
ڵμΪ΢ֻҪһ˶֣ڳ㶼ᶯ֣˵۾ҲУ
֮жԹ⽫һδϴĻᣬѾҶûжĹϵûܹڴս֮аסʱв֪λڴս֮䣬۹ᱻΪƽأȻ޴棡
µҲԥ֮УǹеĶ֮кܴĳ룬ǵֲȫȻãЩֲ֮С
ֻҶһν޹صӣĵ֮䣬϶һսڣֻһʱˣǵͼذʱΪսֻѳֳҲ뿴սս۾ƿή͵㣬ĻʳؽķѣάֵĴþ棬Ҳڣ
ҶĿսһֻҪһĿǰȴûһȶ֡
ղûֹʼ֮սʾã˿һڰڣһΣȻ棡
뷨ҶѾһΣΪô֣ûгֹʼ֮ս
ΣҶȴгǲᱻս֮У۾ΧУ
ҶٱСӣ治ñʡġ
Ǳ֮УҲͷҶֳôĳ棬֮䱬սȷʵš
˴ĴսȻزãǰ಼µľƷֱ߽⣬ڱҿ϶Ҷ֮󣬵ڶҪԸı
İ
Ҫ۸Ѹô
Ǳ֮Уڴ壬һЩԹ̾ϢȵۼݱǶ쳯سȻӦۡǴ֣γһ۹ҲҪһǵԸô
ӰӽǱ֮ȽȽɣǳ޹⣬òھ£˲ȻĶ
ְɣһд֮˵
ᣬõ֮󣬶һŮӣԼƵλá
ԸҲӣ
Цʩ漴ɢȥ
ĿҶϣЦЦ򣬵۹֮У㻹û֮أסڽǱԱߵա빬߶߶㱾˵˵
Ҷæǡ
һ̫ڣסڱԱߣĴ˷˲ɣ˿ĵ


908 ̫
סѵĴǣ
ҶվǰƳƳԱߵĽǱǵ۾ʸıǱϵҫҲ֮˲ܽפĵط
ңһм֮⣬һĿģҳΪ۾Ľ㣬֪ĸسųмӣĴɵӶתƵҵϣѹ
Ҷ䣬Ĩȥĳɡ鸮˽ȥ⣡ԽҪǰԵöҳмӣڳҾλñԽԽ֣
빫˽ҶϣװӰŮ˵Ļı˫ǳԽǿߣҶԸʱ۾ҳ棬Ψķɼ۾жжôɵ
һжд
ҶһرչţǱ
֮ϣؽһޱȣ˿ܶһΪһıֶΣ
Ҷ۾ͷ¥Ƭеľ£ӿ֮УƶΪϼ
˵ûȣȷҪѷɫһĻޱۺ񣬸涼ĥȱʱ佫ԼĥԲͨǵĲ࣬ȷС
ʼһս࣬ʶԼĿǰĲ֮Ǿǻʱ̫̣Լķ沢ͷûиԼΪ
¥ʥʱڵĵƵۣ¥ӣȻΪǿ󣬵ȴЩ
ľΪȻΪ٣յʣҲ֮УȻĿǰֲΪЩʱΪƻһҪӣ
֮⣬ڸִ֮ϴǷȱЩҪʱĥ񣬾Ө͸һ覴ãܼͽߵĲ
ʱҴʱȣðʮʱ̣ҶȻԽĥúֻϧֻʣʱ䡭
ҶΪͼڳ֮ǰһЩֶΣĥ飬ֻƺ
ܹ֮սŻϾʱһУֻܼΪ
鸮ǰݷá
ͻȻ洫һҶ΢¥ƺ̫̫ˣΪӣǰ鸮ֿˣ˴ͻУҲ棬Ȼ֪˼벢޶⡣
ţֻ̫ЦǺվ⣬ྪŸǱޣ
˵Цˣúԡ
ҶЦӭӭ̫鸮ЦСܸո˵أΪ壬е֮
̫ҶҶ׽͸λ⣬ԿżɽЦǰΪ£
̫ü붶ǺЦҶ׷ֽ̡ͨ
Ҷ񲻽棬̫ǵ϶һΪ춯أ˵Ѿɾ͵۾ĸ˻ҪԼֽ̣
֮Ѱ徳΢Ĳк˵֮⣬̫񸮣˱˳̫
̫̾Ϣ˶˵۾Ѿɾ͵۾ȴǸ߿ˡҴ徳΢ȴʼղԲֻһԲɾ͵۾Բʼղһߡֻһߣ㽫֮á
Ҷ񾲾졣
ֻ̫࿴鸮ʼһսĵ֮У徳΢ĴĻҪḻԲֽ̡븮ߴͽ̣м
ʣʵС
Ҷ壬̫Ѿãһɾ͵۾Ǻεǿ󣬼ĴڣһλҲ̣ؽ󣬺ܶ߱Ц徳΢ĴС˽ҲǺܶ࣬Сܵҡֻǡ
̫ü΢΢ǺЦ鸮֪磬㵫ܿڡ
ҶЦСȴҲûдֻ֮󣬳֮ն࣬Сܿһ֮ѡ
ԭˡ
̫ΪҶֻǵڳ֮ԣԼҶûʨӴ󿪿ڣ˿ЦС¶
к֣鸮ǸɫУҲ˵ĺԭΪҪſ죬ݺݵҧһſϴڣȴ˵ѵˡ
뿴
Ҷ˫ֺʲͻȻʮָţһӡֻӿ徳΢죬ΡΡǧ֮徳дͬоڴ
һ֤ӡޱ̲µĴһӡչ˿֤ϣ
ϢԪ񣬶ݣ죬ǵأףǴ
һ΢֤ӡе׷֮ϣΪأΪӡ
΢֤ӡֻһӡô򵥣ͬͻƹеľ磬Ӵѵ۾ĲΣ֤ء
Ҷһӡչ֤Ĵۣ˸ɽֹ̫𶯣ĿתһƣϸϸĦе⾳
ãλȻ۾ٹۿ΢֤ӡȥдӡ̲صĴ
Ϣ翣һصĸо
ȻѾĥ΢֤ӡľ裬ͼӡ̲صĴ뵽Լķ֮С
ܹΪˣÿһǴˣ෴ǵʼΪˣֵֻЩˣÿһλʶ˵ºС
Ҷά֤ӡʾ仯徳΢İͳͳԵʽֳ̫õĵ࣬ϢҲԽԽƮ죬һͻƵƣ
ͻƣؼؽٴγһλ۾
֪˶ãϢǵ㣬ͻȻ˥
Ҷߴͽ̣ǳպгɾͣص񱨡
̫ΡΡͻȻʩһȴǵ񣬺ǺЦŵȺҵרΪָԽ򣬵ʦ񡣡
ҶæֻλƮȻȥ뿪󸮣ǰȥ鹬ҿУҪ
̫ǺЦͷţ븮ԵҲ컯
ҶĿ̫뿪д󶨣ʱλ޽ӽ۾컯ǵĴƣʩչΣҲСࡣ
һֱڵĳ֮սϾҪԸֵ۾ǹھµŮۣǿҲֻ˵Լֻлᡣ
̫ǳֵĻͳͳᰴ಻סʱʤ޷Ŵ
С¶̫Ǵɱ鶼˵С¶ǾʢҶ֡
̫˿Ҳƣ鸮ӣڳϻΪǵҪֲɣ£ôöЩŹ֡
΢֤ӡȴҲûϸ롣


909 ۺ
Ҷո̫ͻȻֻһ֮ƺƴ󣬼ʼʱǰ㶯ɰ̾һ
γᣬԼıǶ֮ڰַûпܡ
ףڡâңǶ˵Ѱһλӣе΢ʵǿ󣬱ȵ廹Ҫǿ᲻֪ٱѾ˵۹֮У
Ҷɢȥ۷׷ס
ҲѰһλӣеģҲһλޱǿ˽ܣޱȣʵӽ
˵һλӺճе䣬ס΢Уͬʱ͵΢ս
Ҷ΢΢ü˴γᣬͬһð䵹Ҳˣйһ֮ԵЩӻУһλͻȻ֣ҪС
ʵСﰡ
Ҷо۹֮һɳȵƻ쾭һֿãӦǵϢʱҼǷں֮ǧƬеľĳɾ͡û뵽ʵ˿ģ
ҶȻ˵֮⣬е͵΢ˣʵҲǲϢΪǿᣬ俹⡣
˿̣۾ϢֻʣλӵϢţΪĿ
棬Ǿɾ޵ǿߣȻҲС
ȵ壬˲ĸ֣ͬ£ҫ
λǿҫۣעǴ˴γΪҫ۵ҶƴʼһսѾӡ۾Уλͬ£ôҶͬգ죡
ճ֣࣬Ҫȥâ޹⣬ֻܳΪյģ
˵ôһλ½ˣǿԯǰ
Ǵ½еۻۣԳƵۻҲ۹֮У
΢ȻǿᣬϾۻȴѾɾ֮ѵҲһλӲɣ
ҲǵӣǾˣĲƱؾ춯أ޳

ҶӲϢȴԴԴϵĶУÿһϢΪˣһо
ۻ޳ˣѵ˵ұں֮ʱͳһǧ磿
Ҷü΢Ӧ׻磬ȴֵۻ۵Ĵֲδ̽׻֮Уǧеľ磬Ѿͳͳ̲齨һ޷Ĺȣ
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ۻ۸ոճɾΪʵܲЩѾõĴڣҲʵһλޱǿĶ֣ƿɾη
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ҶͻȻ뵽ؼ֮ΪεۻûгͳһǧҲԳΪǾԯҵ
ۻ֮ԯ֮ŻԼһƬӴĻҵ޳ɵ۾֮λ
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⼸ǲܵ飬ûм˿ĸԸóԼΧۻۣԵۻٶһǰǰһٶȣ
ۻ޳λۣͲµĺ֣Ҫʼײˣ
ҶȣλϵĴΪԼѪԼٹ⣬Ҫڵ۹չһԾ
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뷨۾䣬Ҳû
һǲλµĺ֣һǿλĵµĺ֣ʱڣŮۣ־ΪһλŮ۵İҲеֻܾ䡣
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Ǳ֮УλȨµŮ΢üöĺִ̨Ҳñϸϸ۲죬۾֮У˭Ļʹ
λۻͬʱڵ۹֮ϣȷ룬Ͼ˵ʵھˡ
ǲǵıֻҪº֣϶ֹһ
˵۱֤֮ıпܻᱻλֲĴڣɺԼã
δ֤֮ʷǿļۣҲмλ֤֮Ѱһλ۵֤֮¼쳣δδ¶ټڼλӵС
֮⣬ԯۣҲ֤֮ȴԯ֮У۵ʧ
ıȣδزὫ֤֮Լá
Ȼֻһ²⣬֤֮ĸϵ̫ӵıͬһλۣ˼ְҲС﷭
ҶٱҲˣ
۹֮Уԯҵԯ츮ڣۻԺʮ˵½΢΢ζаħоӳΪѾͻƣﵽľ磬Ժʮ˵½֣ȻѾƣаħȻͳͳɣΪΪֲ
ʦҶٱʵΣ
ۻ԰֮⣬޳ٶ֮죬˵ǹһˣҹ½Ҳһֵۼķǿƥ
վߣ΢Ц鸮ʼһս֧ʮغϣ¶ǱµľС֮⣬ҲСŴ鸮һսȻܣδɼҲһ˵õԶԶһΣѪۻλӶҪӦǴѰʬ丸ѪѪԼѪߡ
ϸϸ˼¶֮ɫߴˣ˲֪λӣӵѪĺֻҲǱµľС鸮ǵ䣬ǱҪС֮ˡ
ۻ˼ʦ˼ǣ
󡣡
˸ֻǱҪС֮ˣŮ˵ĲŻıʵºУΣյ


910 ֮
ۻݣõΪʦνˮһ·̲֪ٸ磬ޱۺΪǲһ߲޳
Щ֮Уֹǿߣ֮УʵΪǿ󣬲۷ǿĴڣıõۻҪ̲Щ磬ǧѡ
ûܿ׻磬ۻ۱ֻǰҶǿӲƴ
ı֮Ҳ֣ŮȻǰ磬Ѱԯңԯҵĵԯһϯ̸λģȫ֧ԼԼ޳ľ硣
ڵۻУǻۣν˫Ҳɵ֣ԿǶôֲ
ʦôۻȻ
£ǰֻǸ֮㣬Ҿͨ㣬ҪλǰǶ£Ƿȱ֡
¶֮ɫɫصȺŪڹƣҲõĹߣʦһλҲǵ۾һλҲҪѷɫһ˴ӳ֣۹ܱ̽Ĺߣɼλ۾ҲǼɵѡ
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λɴڣνǾִգȥκ˵Ĺԣв£Ŵ۾Ѱĳλǿ֤֮λɴڿ⡣
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ۻݣһŮֲĴ֮䣬ˮλֲڻ𲢣Լ֮ȷĻ˵á
ʶλϣ
һЦĿǰҲùıΪʵҲ޵еؼ仹˵ʵܹΪۣ۾ίˡֻҪһղɾۣ±ϣĿǰΪҪ飬ǵλӣγ֮ϣ϶·ͻ
ۻЦΪԸǲǣһ㹻ˣҸڲ֣֮ҲᣡֻҶҶٱĶ֣
ĿҲΪ棬ۻ֮˾˵ٶȣ̵ǵµıԣԼԯҵ޳ľ硣
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һûκαˣȻֳɾͣʵڳԤϡ
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ۻЦǵӻҶٱͳͳΪ޵̤ʯעҪȻճ
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Ҷٱҵ裬Ҫڳ֮ϣͳͳ㣡һΣҲҪ㣬ҪΪͳǼ˽еȨ
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ʱ䣬ҶٲȻһԵӣһ㶯ҲûУ鸮ھǱޣҲû೤ʱ䣬㱻﻽ȥ˵һлЩҳֱ̣˳ȥ
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Щռ俴ƼСϸȥȴ޼޾ޱȵ𺳣
ҶܿһۣϯλûԼ֮أԽλߵ۾ϯλϣϥ¡
ߣһ棬ȻҲϵ۾ı
ȻŭȵҶٱʲôӵ۾ıϹ
ɫҲЩ̫ÿҶھ۾ϯλϣûнǾѹһͷǿ벻̣۾֮λҾ֮ϯλЩҪ۾ռѵͳǾɣ
ҶٱĻϿʼĿҲЩͲסɱڵ
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λҪͻȻֻһŮӵ鸮֣ûλӣڱԱ
Ҷһѭȥֻﲻ֪ʱ֮ϣ۱ԱߣЦ


911 Ȩ
СƤ
ҶдϲȴɫҪӦͻȻֻһܹߵģȻӦǵӣһˣܹ٣
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻ˵ȴףҵףڡâ껡ңң˴Ѱ΢ӵλӶȻҲڼįҪµۣܹһ۵ıӻٶȸ
ף˵ĲӵλȻϾ۵ŸӣȻӦߡˣڳ֮ϣ
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ڵ룬ֻùߣ֮Ȼɱ¡
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ҶΪĵȻ컯ϣŮ˴㽫עתƵҵϣĵˡ
Цλû飬Ǳλǰ鸮Ҳ
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͵΢״æȡȨͷ
Ȩλӱܰա̫ǺһЦһֻݴ̽Ȩץȥ
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ﻷһܣЦȻλ޷ƿصȨôֻΪѣƹܼˡ
ӴݣȨЦһҪ鸮ǱĽѾ鹬ʹ͸鹬֮ɱ鸮ᣬӵսǱͳءλΣ
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۾ԣͻȻֻһ׷ѭȥȴԵȴҶˣǳаСͷȻ֪ԼŸɵ΢ԼվԣҲʶ̧١


912 Ѫƴ
ҶתʩЦçײں֮ѰһƬҶ˻ᣬ׸ף룬޽
ƨڳͬʱ뷨

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913 ͼذ
ƹʮΪ֣岼⻯֮вѷǰսʮˢ£ֻǱ֮ͬͻȻعɻ֮ʱĿռ䣬ˢɺɿռ䣬ججûʱռ䣬ûң

ָԾᵯһƿɻ磬ָһֻ͵һʮ飡
䣡
һȭֺֻݺײһȴʹȫܵȴ棬ȭͷȻըұɲǼ仯Ѫ
Ҳùָ۶ϣѪ죡
ǿԻǿڣʵ֮УǴΣȫһԿ˵۾
Ҳ
г˴Ǳ͵ϮͷڣѪһֱָдŭһֻֻȨݺ䣡
ȻõȨȴ޷Ȩ״߷еܣȨֻǱһͱ䣬ǵ۾ȨУҲҪʲƤȵ۱Ҫ࣡
ˣ컯оһ
컯ЦͻȻ˫һȫ߶컯ɽȻƳգҶȥЦţ㣡
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ЩĵϵʵҲΪǿ
ѱⲻļƲߣ۾֮ѰͷһɱɱӺ
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Ҳһ֮£̫Ѫ漴һӡ£Ȼԯ۵ķȻӡһӡȡ̫
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䣡
컯ɽ£ֱӺֻЦһɲᣬԵա
컯һϲͻȻһ˽ǴĶȻģӲ컯ɽײ춯أʱգ漴ʱշ׷ױ飡
Ӵˣ˲Ϣ֮Ǳĸ䣬۾Ϣ۶ɵʱն⵽׷ױ߽⣬Ǳ֮зƮҡ֪λ汻ѪΪʵԵһֵģֱ飬У
ˣ
컯һ赲ȫһģȻһҲţƹ
ʵȻҲֵܵƬ̣ݻɱҶ
ڴʱ۾ȴԥ֮У
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ͬʱҶнҲ̴߶񸮣糤գ
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һȺѵ֪
ǳЦ˿٣׷ǧ򻯣ģۻͳͳסȨ䣬¡
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ǵĹƼΪ۾ǰȴնᣬֻסҶȽǻУٴˣ
Ҷֹסƣѹסƣһǰȫ߶¥ȵңˣ㻹Ƿһ飡
΢΢һΪҶȫ֣̽ԼȫΪӿ¥֮У߶¥ʮ죬ҶǰˣеĴȨǽڵ۱֤֮֮ı¥е۱֮޷¡סߣ
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䣡
̫ͣһӡ£ȥֻ˿·ͻȻʧȥ˸ӦΪʱƣһ̫飿
ĿǰϣȨ̫£̫飬һϹͷȻҲ뱾ԣ
̫õ徳΢ƬԶͥһλϼĹϴڵĵ̫飬Ѿڴﵽľ磬Կĺ쳾ٵＫΪɵ
̫ҲӲӴȨػһӡ£ƮȻˣǺЦס֮⣬ԭӦ˭֮òˡ
Ҷ¥ʮǿƥܣӶȨһ¥Ĺơ
̫ȡһȣһȻϵÿ£ȴٲȻһս̬ƣּΪ
õҶ΢֤ӡΪѾ޽ӽ۾ĲಢҶǰЦཻ֣ǲöôȨ˰ɣΪûм۱
϶Ը
һ۱Ϻķѹ죬ΧĸӣҲоޱߵѹϮжɬ͡
̫һڣвֹеĵ۱ôôࣿͬķôܴ߶Щ۱


914 칬
Щ۱֮࣬ȻǴǰͳξ۾͵ڻ˱ѪЩ۾ڶԸλɴڵĶս֮Уû뵽ô۱ͳͳС
⻹ô򣿡
кȻ૵鸮οˡ
Ȼ۱
ҶһĿȥֻǧ˿Щ۱һ˿۱֮У֮ڣȻ˿۱֮УЩ۾֮ϣģֲͬĹǿд߶Щ۱ܣ
˿޿ײ룬˿ģֵۼķ߶۱Ȼȫӳ۱ܣҲܷӳ߰˷֮࣡
۱߰˷ֵһȻȲϴȨ۱һȴȨҪȨϾ޷ӳκ׵ֻƾһʮᣬ۱ȴԱ޼ܣݻһУ
ˣŮӣӶ˶ĴȨͬʱȥ۱ɣһʱ
䣡
һ۱񸮺ãķѣѪɶνǲһ
ʮǾҲ⵽۱ѣλƤըѪڣУ
̫ǰ̫ķչһĵ۱¡
Ʒ裬۱֮Уķ֮£ǿжȡ۱ƿȨУЩ۱ȡ
϶Ҳ
ЦһȨݺ£̫æȱ㵲ʱȱ䣬ˣѪѡ
Ȩѹ£ѹ컯æǰԴ߶Ӳ࿹ȨѪֹǵȨոײ漴״ݻ٣ȨҲ赲һ£ھ̫
ʲôӣҲҪ
о䣬˺Ƥ׼ɱ䣬ɫĵͳͳȻһţһ
س٣
ȣһһƬѪǰֳһ˶ħۣۣͬһУĥһУ
ͣ
һʱֻħ֮Уһ̣ħ۶ûؿڣ
˴Щţĩս𾭲شɣȴû뵽ڵ۾ǰһ
ǵ۾Ϊ뺣֮Ҳȫˣĩս𾭾ǿ۶κεȻҲɡ
ͬʱҲ΢ʹɱ֣۱𶯣ɨ˻ɣ飬Ѫ䶯ݣȻλӵѪǿȻ۱ɨУδͼָ
أ
ȻըѪ΢λѪеλֳǵΪѪͳͳҰɣ
Ѫݣ䶯ݣļֻѪ֮ϲʱֳһֻֻ޴ףȴǵ΢ףŤ֡
˲Ϣ֮󣬵䶸ȻѪпƾΪȻѾ۷壬ӵʵ
ԭô˻ᣬڽλֵӶλӵѪ֮ԼΪһٽΪʵҶ񿹺ĵز
ɱλӣΪǣƳ΢˵ȻƣڣһУУɱȥ
ʱԯҵӦԯΧ֮УҲûס̶Χ
׷ߣҲһһ˫ս죬׷澪춯ء
䣡
Ǳֵܵס˾˵ĵ۱ʹȨĺʱ춥һ۱䴩ƥıɷɱơϳ𣬻һִʮȻ֮Уһ죬綴
ΡΡ׳۵Ĳ۹𣬶񷣬ǳֻ֮һſǳࣱ
Ŵսңбգ£в۹ֻӲ飬һ𣬱֮Уɻң
䣬ͬԲ棬ڲлһԲ˶г룬ʵڹȻһԲԾΪһ룡
֮ضпһ޴Ŀռ棬ΪƽռΧһССʱλ浮𣬶ģûκڣֻʣ¿ޱȵ˺һսµĽκᱻ׽
꣡
һԲ۹ʱһظ죬ѿֳ룡
漴һִޱȵĹӷѵĽǱ֮м죬գۼ㶴һڴ칬׷߽⣡
أ
Ǳ޷ٽڵڣȻѿΪƽأ
Ǳһ飬۹칬Ҳ޷֧ţһ󹬵춥ȥʱͬһ㣬ֻһƹӰ׹䣬ųĻߡЩԭ㲻ǷƷı˿̱ȥʱԽԽԽΰ׳
Щǳƶɣ˿׹䣬һһ˶ڰйݣһֲСеȻһſźǣƶˣ֮лƣܣ׹£
䣡䣡䣡
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ʲôıǧ֮жޱϧѵõЩǡưܹ׹£ʱ䴩ݣһɹϢ
Щﾭ׹֮Ѿǰǰǧ֮ٶȽ
еĲаܹ׹½֮УеȴƯ֮䣬ӿԺŤòӣеǳ׼䣬ޱ˶򣬹貣ЩһŨ
һ̣ǧ飬о緢ľ䣬һ컻صĴսڽеУ
ԴЩ׹򿪵ͨУڷĴսֻΰ칬ֻʣȼƯڿУ۾ƮӰս죡
ǧ֮У׻λģ־Ҷļӹ̣׻С磬౶׻еı࣬Ȼ׻ԭĪѣͬʱҲޱȵĻ
Ҷ˴򻵲۹׹µ칬֮ж˲׹ǧ֮Уϵı
ʱɱ󣬸ʱ
Ѫս֮УҶֳݣȵЩ䴩֮ͨУݵءʮԼǧ֮Уͬһ񿪿ڣأĸ飬ͳͳڶУ


915 Ȼ
۹Ǳͳͳڶ飬ʮصĹ칬׻һڣ
Ҷվڹϵ칬ַ֮ϣ𣬶ʱע⣬ֻ۱ӿ糱ʱգ漴ʱշ飬۱ҶȻѹ£
ʱҶ֮ǣԺзǵСӣԼǱ
Ҷ񣬴˿̳֮Ͽ϶ڣ۾֮£϶ὫìͷתҶȻۻҶݣͳͳƿ֣ܹơ
γʩչƣѰͷҶУͼλ
Ȼ滮ǰ˿ͳͳһҶеУ
Ҷƶ֮еԸԼܲŭһ֣ô۾˿϶̲סҲԼ֣ʱؽվ֮У
ɱ̫컯ˣͳͳ赲ɱ񣬷ɱ
䣡
̫ӲһĺˣѪ
컯漴ϣȫ߶컯ɽ漴һ۱ɨɽ飬һغȫȥȴһ۱һ飬⻯Ҳ÷ǣ漴һ۱ѹ£ͷĺ֮ôѣ߽⣡
ٴλָ裬ֿȭٴȥ
ͬʱģֻ֮ڶһ£ΧУǶǺӿǹ⣬ƣһϵǾ߳ŭ𣬽֮еʱպɻޣ
ڴ֮޶ãһҡ۱һǾ飬ֻ׷ɣ˷ȥѪ̧ͷȥһ۱ԼѹæǺ⣬ʧصĶ֮С
۱鲻֪ٸ˶죬ȴûѰӰ漴ջء
ߵÿ죡
ɱҶƲ˿裬߶۱ºɨһ۱ɨУѺۣܴ漴һ۱ѹ飬漴Ȩӡ䣬ѹ÷ǣ
ʽɱһ̫컯Χ֮У֮
ºαسֶ֣
ͻȻһΰκȻ£ͬŲ𣬵ıؾ֮أ̽һֻƣӲ۱
۾̲ס֣·Ĵڣһֱֻס۱΢΢ζ¶֮ɫȻѾŲľ磬Ȼܱ
Ȼ۾Ҳ̲סô۾һȻͳͳ췴Ψдյ۾ܵ۾ñݻɱЩҵζѹ
Ŀ磬յ۾ȥֻյ۾ڽ֮УĿȥƷڣ֯ϣվͬһϵһ
Ҳ˷С
һͻȻһǿƥϢ£磬Ȼѹ£ǺЦ߻ħˣȻЩĹĳҲɱ
۾ս֣Դ߶۱ѹ죬𲢣ʱȻ𶯣֮ϣ鲼һޱȴִѺۣǿգ
۾֣ԥ֮е˿Ҳǣһ֣󣬳ʱƴƷ裬Ĵس٣һƬƬɽӴޣ
ⳡս˵ǰǧ֮ƽ٣ɱ췭ظ췭ظڲΧɱλɴڵһս
յ۾ĮȻĿһУþòһ£ǺЦСһΪұɣǺǣǼΪۣ˵ʲôʱҲҶٱһΪԺ˷ǣʱҵڡ˵Ҳ۵ı֮ϣϧλֻһˡ
һλ۾˿Ϥ֣ΧһսҶԤϵǰ㱬ݻһĶԾ
컯״Ҳ˿ıѾãȴʵʵǳǵԤϣҶ̫⼸λйϵһսǱȻᱻµסȻֻ֣֮սǵͷ­ҲΪɱӺʱ
Ϸ裬۱嵴ԲգѾһ޴ɱʱʱһ䣬ܻڻ֮У֮ʬڻ
һսҵ㣬նɱҲ
ڳ׷ӳʵ۱ѹѹķң۾۾ͬʱ֣Ҳ޷赲Ĺơ
Ů˲ϣʶλ֮ˣʵǿƥԵλ۾Ķ֡
˿̣۾֣̫λڵ۾ǿߣԼΧͬҶ񡢵ۻۡЩ˵֣Ҳֻ·磬Χɱ¶ƣ̬
ֻǣ۱ʵǿᣬ۴ȨޱȣһʱƬ̼䣬˭Ҳ޷¡
һսԽԽңѾﵽܳܵĵزǰԾѡھ֮⣬һսУȴ顣
磬ķѣҲ鲼˺ۣǰִȨ֣ƿĵĴݵ
ˣڳˣѪֻ۾۾ûиˡ
۾ƴ²ɵֻǸŮӣҲܴȥ֪ټ
̫ڻȡԼ̫飬Ĩȥһ۱е˿۱ǿߡ
ķأʱһ۾̿ˣͬʱл۾ȫ֣ǺεȾ춯أһ֮£ʱҲ޷ƿصס۱۾ȡ۱ǿѹ
ȴڴʱþòĴյ۾˿ڶ֣߶մȻѹ˿һ۱Ҳȡȥ
ǵ۾֮Ͼɾʱж̣մҲֻһƷӵжܣŵ۾ΪȻҲڳ֮ն
Ҳѱ
;ĩ·һֳ۴ȨһֻḧǰѪ㷢¶Ǿ˫գĿյ۾
Ĺһͳͳͣ컯ͬòʱ컯Ҷ·𿴵Ǻͷᡣ
ҲĪˡ
£Ȼ·ףκĶʵһ棬ӳĶԼĿŮӣ飬֡
е㣬ɾ͵۾޸ʱѾˡ
յ۾ЦЦе߶մѹ£ȥ


916 
Դ쳾ٵ޳ɵ۾֮ʱնȥ㺣Щж˵Ǹأնĺ쳾ٵѾˣӵ˿ɵ۾ϣȴûаֵУ˴յ۾˵ʱѾˣҲû˵
꣬յ۾ҲʹھµʳڣΪɵ󣬱ԸĬĬţµһػŮˣλɴһսյ۾ҲܲУΪ۾еһԱ
һж£޳ɵ۾֮ʱյ۾еǸ绪Ůˣ㳹ױˣϲǸû޳ɵ۾
޸ʱе㳹ˣȻò˵Ůӣڴյ۾УѲһŮӡ
յ۾ЦȻ۾붯嫣λȨܱȵŮӡ
Хһˣ۴Ȩ裬յ۾Ҳ֣ս޷ֺʤ㣬ֻȥжɽϣ
յ۾ĳ֣ζһκ˶޷Ľ֣Ǿάϵ쳯һŦѣ쳯׸𣬲ڣ
Ӵ֮һʱĻһʱλʱѪĻ
ƥŮֳ۴Ȩսˣ˿ϣ裬иգݣȥ
Ͷ·ȥʲô
ҶһͻȻ鹬Ǹ˿ƳɴһСԪ磬вһֲĸо⣡ĪǴȥ鹬Ǳ鹬У鸮ˣͳͳ֮أ鹬ᱻ۾飡
۾׷ɱΧ·ɣһ׷ŷܣһ۱ѹգѪս죬Ҳһ˲俪һľ޴ȱڣ
µƾҶѾ޷Ҳ޷ıǰķ
˿̣ܿܿܿնȻԭͷϤʧһǿĴڽ٣Ʒ裬Ժ󿪱ٳ֪ٸ磬ΧһλòϵŮ·ɣͣ
λϵĵ۾һλ㲻죬·棬Ӳ۴ȨһλϢͬ۰ΰϿ죬һɽɽһԲʮ磬
һλ۾⣬޼ƺȻͬգǧڣΡΡ
۾ʮΧһˣǾþò£ɼʵȷ֮ϵĵز
ˣ⵽شȴҲֻ·һ
ɱ
ƴӶ۴Ȩɨķƿ۾Ҳֱӧ
ȥˣ˿ͬ뷨
۾֣ΧҶѹǵûмᣬΣ
ţ̤նأɨȥЦ鸮ңıɱ䣬ͬ
ŶȻڣŭǵذɳҶû
ţ۾ΧɱУȴѾˣҶ֣֮
ͬʱʼҲΧתҶɱХƻ֣̲ޱȾİ壬ΧҶ
ͻȻλɱȵ鸮ҶٱħͷҷϣɱɱǣԷ£
鸮ħͷУɱΪﱨ𣡡
ЩԭҶżĳԹ˿ѳɶ֣۾ɱֻǳ顣
һ򣬶ҶһϮ˵ôãνǶãʲõĳΪѵ
Ͼͳӣ˭УΪ۾ڦĽڣ߾죬˳ΧԷ
԰ѺڹҶͷϣˣΪ֮У
۾յ۾ˣȻѾĬ£Ҷ˳֡
ҲҪʹԼܹվڴλã켺
˭УڹҶǿˣ޲ɱ˵鿴۾ӰԼʵ˸ĿڣĨ۸˵ļ䣡
Ҷǧ֦Ҷˢˢ裬Χ޽飬ѹ£۵һ죬ݺ֮ϣ֦۶ϣҶɣҶɡ
ַӵҶӿϺѪƺһ¥֣ʮȫסһƣ漴ʼĹţŷӲ¥¥ײõ
ҶžѣȻΪ٣ʼƵȣһβСĲࡣ
ο˴֣
˿̣컯򸾡̫ƴУˣ˿Ҳס޷ԶˮȲ˽
Ҷߣ
ȣӲסλ飬⻯Ҳ򱬣ֿȭӦսλ֪ٵ׷Ѫ漴һҶǰֻ̽ޱߺӿӲźʼʼֻ˫۾ȥػѪ
ǲҶʦĵڶУѾ϶㴫ҵģ޷㣬ȴر
ЦţϢԽԽǿȻΪ۷ĲΣ˫۸һȭţһѪ浹£
ʼ߶ݣǰһȭһȭȥÿһȭ㽫ʼúһ̲ס۵˿Ѫ
Դ󷢣òϵˣʼҲѪ֮ر飬˲
䣡
ɱΧҶϥʮƷ̨֮ϣǷɣз𷨣Ժ⻷ֻתʱգֻ̽ɵķֳ֣֮ķ΢΢ҡǵذҶȥ
ɫ࣬ǰƹֵû
ԼԼǿ߶׷˹ȥ

ֻӿԽԽߣԽԽ󣬱ת翪ٵصľˣӦսͽӲһλλɣһˣȻһһ飬ͷۻֽ̽Ҷץ𣬷ڼͷΧ󲽿񱼶ȥ
棬ȥ鹬
Ҷ¥һ׷Ϣϼˣ˿Ѫ̬ήٵ鹬вãԶⳡɱ١
ͻȻմ͵һ޾ĴȻϮϻһͷڣ˫һչգ£ҶȥȻǴյ۾ѣȻ˳֣


917 ˲α
յ۾˼Ҷɱ̫ӣܲޣͻҶλڵת綯ɱ
֮⣬һɱҶɣ󣬾ΪˣʱѾ֮ȴͬ¶ֻ꣬ԸŮԡΪ۾޸ۣеİ̴棬ȴ֪ѾǵǸŮӡ
Ǵ˴γ֮ϣҶ͵Ϯ۾󳹵׷Ҳնȥһ˿Ľ֡
УҶԼ߳һԼɱɱԼĿеŮĽŮˣ
˿ҲΧҶѣ𶯴մɱˣ
۾ʵǺεǿҶǿ֮ĩԿһ֮
Ҷ񱬺ȣͷ跭ڣ֮ϣƶ߶ž죬˿ѷͬʱ¥ʮҲ¥֤֮ƬҲ߶¥ݣӳһ˿Խ۱ܣ
챦Ȼӭϴյ۾׷ˢգֻͷ˫һ챦֮ϣ𶯲ͣȻҶ¥ͳͳˣ
Ҷƺһǿϵķ֮ϣ飬ԪҲüѣ
ĵϣϱ߽⣬ҶˣʱҲս֮
۾֮ɼһߣ
۾׷ǵأ˼
ͬʱ˶Ľڣֻ̽צ­ף˺ݺץ
ɳһ
ȣͷѪڣͬ󺣣Ȼֽ⣬֮ƣѪֻһƬƬɫɣһɫ̨֣깴һ΢΢ζƻ貶ĿҶ֮С
ȫΪǿһУǵҪͷɶãһУѪƴɱͬʱҲеĵڶ䣬ڶ
ӭڣʱޱȲҵһƷ飬Ѥ⣬š
Х˫𷭷ɣ֪ë飬ʣһצĴ룬ĺ꼸ȥֻʣ̨һҶХߡ
ͷںХ׷ͻȻصһը׷飬ֻ컯򸾴촿֮гҶ˷ٽӽȴڰս˳ҶΣִ׷
գۼɳأ̨ٶԽԽֽ̨ͣ⣬۽Ųģҡҡ׹Ӱеȥ
컯򸾽Ƕԭͬһˣ˿ҲãȻΧɱǳս֮ҲΣգɥ
Ƕ˵ѾȥͬҲˣȴҪҶùࡣ
ҶѾӽ;ƿݣʧҶܹоΪϵԪڷк
Ĵս֮У⵽شΪ˾ȻҶǿȼԼΪʵΧյ۾ǿ׷ӲƴһԼ޹©ĺ֮ȱԪ
ҶŭһǿҲޱأϼϤȥΪʣһ˿һƣԪƣʱܱǱ֮ʱ
ҶԼ֮ǿд߶¥¥̲صӿӿڣƣ
ʦ𣬺ɻе֮ʱپˡ
λͷһһţһƬƬϵ䣬΢Цת컯ЦλҪȥλʦˡ
컯дܹóȱԪľߵ˾ͷҶ¥ɢ޾һʯͷõҲԻΣӵ
ȴԪѾһսĵøɸɾ޾εĿܡ
컯ȦˣǿЦߣ˵оΪϣ
екеӿڣҲ޷פƬ̣٣ɢȥ٣΢ЦʦѪ𣬳λȨأʵǿ󣬰Ͱ֪Ҫľ硣ŴȼԼԪǿΪʱʥ޳Ԫࡣܹٵ䣬ѳԾһܹҵһȥʱֻһ·Ų¡
תͷҶƿʼƮɢʱữȥ̾ϢһЦʦδ֪Լܣܼػ˼ң󣬱Ƕλˡ
컯򸾳Ҿأλæʵʦ֡
ЦգƷɣ£һƬҶɣһ̨ƬƬ꣬ҶЦʦ𣬵ӻ֮Ըڶʦ£̻塭
ţ
Ҷ񿪿ڴȣͷ亹ȵԱ䣬Թ˲ι˲αһ꣬˲ιöһöӳǧ꣬ûгԹһţɣ
ҧǿһ˿Ϊ߶¥ȡɽһɽ֮Уժ˲ι죬һ˽ȥǲĶʦǲҵĵӣйϣҪۿһĻ
ɽе˲ιپǧ꣬ԶŵĴɵ֮Թش֮󣬻ʮ֮ãûܼįȥ
ҲԹپǧ꣬ڶηʱûκεЧ
ϵ˲ιֻʣ½ţҶһֱöã׼ŹʵԼ׽٣Լߵ
˿ȴԥı˳Ϊ٣
ˣĴڣΪĶʦΪʦ֮֮𣬲ŻڣʵΪȫӵһõǰ;ͶʮƾЦɢЦ
һ̣ȴΪҶҶ񲢲ΪԼĶʦλڵĵڶֱʽ޷ܣ
빫˽ҶҪţ
˲ιԶͥ䣬ڿʼΪٱͣԪʼָഺ
ɼأս˴ȻǧԪضҲ޿ɾҩ
˵ɣɣ
Ҷ˿ЦͻȻ伸æֹסЦ¥еĲӿӿԼ֮УƽԭΪļҶʮƳ嵴дյ۾Ĵƻ
أ
䣡
㸲۾ɱĿĵأȻ鹬
ͬʱҶо鹬Ǹ˿ƵСԪ翪ʼ˿ɣȻţ


918 绨
󾿾Ҫʲô²ãӵʲôֶΣͳͳ޷ӳҵƿأ
Ҷǿѹƣ鹬ķֵһɲǣ漫˷׷׶֣߶ҶµķΡΡȺȺأʱգڵǸСԪӡ
ᡢħʡ˷׷׷ɳ΢΢ζͷ߳ʮŮۣԴ߶һ磬ʮ취һ壬ħִ߶ʮ˲ͬΧķ
ǣԪ𶷣Ŀתطӡ˲ķ
ҶѾ鹬Լϳõ޷죬ӵսһʱƬ̼Ҳ޷ƿشӡ¼鹬
λһ֮ƺʹյ۾ϣ
Ҷգͷǣ䣬֮УƣָΪ޸ѵĵϡ
컯˲ιĹЧ֮УԲɾѣ֣ƵӵӵҶڣһƽ飬Ҷˡ
Ҷƣǿյ۾ϣȴأûѸʱ䡣컯Ƴսһֻۣ۾Ķսڷٽӽæѵ
޷
ҶȻнյ۾ѹԼ
λټҶԼڵƺܿ㱻һգֻʣ´̴棬ѹҶüϸ֮С
ǣػغɣֻתǬأ
ҶһϷڣʮͬǣ䣬ֻõʮʮ˲ͳͳ߽⣬ɣ漴üһԪɳ֮С
죬ֿƣٵأӲӺ֮пٳµʮʮ˲
Ϊ쭣ϻֵָָ֮ΪٶȰ컯ʵʵһ
ĴڣΪľڶʱڻظΪĴڣΪľ£ҲҪʱ䣬ָܻ
ҶȻڼֵָΪΪڲϿ֮Уźָܿ۷״̬컯Уֱǲܵ飡
֣еľУ
컯ϸܿ㷢ҶǽľٻָΪɾĪ
컯Ҳ棬Ĳк˲ı׵òȻܹҶһˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ҡҡͷľȻὥľУǱ
컯ĿλڵתǾûʲôֵֵˡ
컯ͷֻҶλɴڵĵڶܹǰ
Ҷõλڵ֤֮ƬҲδָܻǰļ䣬ȷǷ˲͸
鹬
ҶѾָ˰˳ɵΪ̻һ¥֮Уˣ鹬ȥ
ܹоõ˽ֿסķٹã±ᱻشӡȻ֪СԪ֮оʲôƶ鹬ȥԿ϶СԪеĶ϶ͬСɣµĺ֣ķͻƷӡ˵󳹵׷̣
һս۾ʤҶϣʤ֮Уһܹ赲۵ı
ʱΪĹҶֻ·һ
컯򸾽˷鹬ƽ
۾սҵ˼㣬ƿ۴ȨƵվŴαˣ۾Ѿ;ƿݣ
ҲȷǿȨֺɱ˼۾ʹյ۾ȵĴڣҲ⸺ˣ
սѾ˷Ǭĵز
һˣ۾Ѫս̶ֳȣȷʵηɾ
鹬ǰҶٶ̶Ƭ̣ΪѾָȫʢ״̬ȳ֮ʱо
ڷ裬ϷڣͬƮӵȥһ鹬ؿռֻƵʮ취ϣͬһΰڵСԪ絹۱֮¡
ʮ˲ͬһʮ˲ڹ¥¶ϣסСԪ磬뱦һ𣬽СԪס
ᡢ桢ħʵ˸վһСԪ֮ϣȫ߶Ϊƴ߶ʮһ
֣ȫ߶Ԫ𶷣ʱ׼һ
Ϊƣ޷׷ӳʮһܣҲδܽЩϹһ޷ȱشӡ֮ͬѹһͷޱ׶ޣ𶯣ѪԽԽ֧š
˿ӱ¥֮ķ϶ܳ˿ӵ˷СԪȥһСԪ綴ͼ鹬ٴ
̴߶𶷣ˢ£һ˿ն˿̫࣬Ϊ㣬ֵæҡ
ҼȻѾûκλˣ
Ҷ٣ʮʮ˲ʮһƿȨͳͳջأȻһʮһܳţʱն˿СԪסѹȥ
ʮʮ˲෨ԽԽСмѹȥҶȻǴ㽫ķͬСԪһ뱬
ķΪǿᣬҶʮһطҲֻܽס޷޴ӵ֪СԪУ﾿ʲôӵĲá
λһ֮
Ҷȣ컯һۣѹе𾪣ȫӿƣҶִ߶ʮһ
ĿˣȻóҶЩͬСɣÿһгɳΪ۱ǱʣȻĿǰĲΣϹһ֮Ȼȵ۱Ҳѷɫ
ҶļҵףǾˣЩѷɫгԽ
λȻҶķΪǿᣬҲܴ߶ӳʮһܣѹķʱױС
ͬʱ۾ĴսԽԽѾ鹬ֻǧ֮ңǧľ룬ڵ۾˵Ǿ룡
Ǵսˣ鹬ƻԶ׼ҶһҰ£ͳͳҪ
绨ұպϣ
Ҷ񱬺ȣ϶Ȼٴαһޱȴִĵ϶գСԪ綴Ȼһٴ߶СԪ
¡
СԪ𶯲ͣ鹬Ҳζݣֻ鹬ɽź¡¡죬绨Ƭ޴Ļ꽥£ɽס
ԶԶȥǶ俪֮绨һƬƬ£е鹬ڣһ޴ĻǶ䣡
Ҷٱң
ɱ״εѣһеĴȨȻɳ绨ݺײȥȻ䴩绨Ҷ鹬У


919 Ȩ
绨ʢıʻգһһ磬ӵռ䣬СԪ磬λɴɱΪԼפء
ֻУֻһ䣬ǰʢʱڣ졢졢ĳ̶ȣҲֻһ绨
ҶӵصĸӦ·һֱ֣鹬һڱҶ񽫴£رͨ鹬κͨ
绨գƺҪʧȴǱҶǿȡ绨ȥңȥ
۴Ȩرڵ۱֤֮֮䣬Ԫʼ֮һ޷߶޼᲻ݣһ죬ײ绨Ļ꣬绨У
䣡
ȨײƲ֪ٸСԪ磬ХҶײȥ
ﺬŭһ;ƿݣһɲ赲Ҷ
Ҷ鹬һ飬绨Ͼһ·ǵλȨµŮŭɶ
鹬еСԪ磬ϵյֶκʱͼııѾã۱̣Ҷպ绨鹬뻨Уȥ绨鹬װĿƣܲŭ
ٻˡ
Ҷ۴Ȩ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻһɢɢΣҶʧʮһطҲҶɢȥ¶ڵСԪ磡
Ȩȥ̲۾ҲӲӵĺһ죬ķ֮ϡ
¶֮ɫصһը˿֮㱻÷飬Ȼ޴棬丵βʣ
۴Ȩ̲֮ؾ־ʷ֪λ۵ļҲ޷ƿأֻ۲ԦҶȨ㲻ͼķֱӽĴȨԼķɱ
Ǵǰֵܷͼ󣬵Ǵ˿ѾͶ·ִ֮ûϸ룬ŻʹһлУ
۴ȨδײȻײ˿ƵСԪ֮ϣʱ˿׷ȥУ
䣡
СԪ⵽۴Ȩĺʱķѣټգۼ㱻׺飬ǧ磬һ
Ȩľ׹գ֮ڱ֮׹鸮
ף
Ҷ컯򸾼ͬʱֻСԪȥȴжξײ֮б۴ȨײҲδֺ
ڵСԪԭصĳѨйأѾ۴Ȩĺ֮£һķѣǻ֮УһҶĿһ¥ĲкԼƬ
¥к컯ҶҪ޴¥壬еĴ֮Ȼ࣬ȴ˸оױȵ𺳣
֤֮Ƭʤ۱ֻΪûλڵķûб߶
ܹ߷¥кܣֻһҲȻǱ
ƬҶõ껹ҪӴܹס۴ȨĺȻ˲֪֦ҶεΪ׳ۣ
֮⣬һɿֲļ¶ȥĻ֮Уһɿֲλ֤֮ĲƬҪˣԿһ޴ĺ¯¯ܣһ޴վڻУ߾ٴ󴸣Ĵ
Щ˽ᣬ׳ޱȣվ֮лоκ۴ȨҲû˼Ƿֺ
һ˺Ȳѣ䣬һƣƺնĳֱֻҶ컯򸾾Զ
󣬹ŹޱȣʵԤϲ
¯ֻһ۱Ȼܹܵ۴Ȩʵ˵ã컯ʧ
ףҵĵ۱˵ףҵǰ۾֣֮
컯ʶ㣬ϳ¯üͷ¯ô֣֮
ѵڶԼĵ۱
ҶĿ磬¯֮пȥ۴Ȩһһɣ¯оʲôвɺȻͼıΪƵ۱Ȼһ۱Ϊ¯ѵԼ֤֮
鹬⣬۾ȻȨ䣬ʱ֧۾Χ֮仹ƥƴ֮£˿ɵ
ƴһս۾յ۾۾ҲӲ࿹⣬Ϊ۾һʵ̫ǿ˵ܹһһ·
ҶٱȻûнɱҲõҪĶ
￩Цͣ㷢ɢңɢХ绨ȨȱڣȻǴֱ¯ȥ
ͬʱ¯֮֮һɺԨ¯𶯲ͣ¯ǼδɹıƺӦϢ궯¯зɳ
δɵı㲻֤֮ҲҪ۱֪¯ݣ¯˷׷ըѪ
Ϊ鸮鹬ȻǹС
ҶζȻһ绨ȱ֮⣬΢Цҵ鹬ӭ
ӿ绨֮Уֻ󻨵ȱָκ˿Խе©
ȣһҶ绨ץȥͻȻƺһĵ۱£Ľ֮ϣӸ߿մ䷲
۾һ䣬ͬҫգְͷ
𣬿Ѫ۾飬˿ӿ˷ȥ
յ۾ɫޱĮȻǰմѹ£˿顣
۾ֶԸһ˲䣬Ҳûͣס׷̯֣绨ץȥȻǴ㽫绨ץС
绨УĲã֪жٱÿһ춯أ۾Ҫģ۴Ȩ֮绨ڣڱصã
λȻǸټˡ
Ҷλ۾ץĴ֣΢΢һЦֻ绨ԽԽСУԺ΢΢ҡҷ
һˣ绨ȻţҶû뻨֮ڡ
λ۾ץֻ绨ٿգʧնȥ
䣡䣡䣡
λ۾Ĵ̶գݺҶ绨ץȥ
ڴʱλµľɫŮӣµ˿ڱλ۾ɨһգҶǵҪĿ꣬ŮӶݳȥĻıǱȻһޱȿֲ飡
ôյ۾ЦЦƿ޷ǿޣ૵
۾Щҿ϶૵Ӧ˰ɡ


920 ۾׷ɱ
թֻƱˣûбܹڣ۾ۿȥֽ飬Ҳҿ϶ŮѾˡ
ʵ̫ǿˣҶ˴ڳ֮췴ƶ۾ңŮΪۣ۾ͳͳ
һŮӣǰֶЩ˲ݣǸŮӣ
Ů˵󡭡
Ŀ֮ͻȻһۻߣ£˵ء۾ѱԱ¶˶⣡
ۻͷ֮λĵ֮ӣ۾ж⣬˳Ľɱ
˵ԯϣƮȻߣۻЦҶٱ˴ʵ̫ˣͻȻ췴ǰĺˣΪְ֮ͳԭｮ򣬵λֻڵ۾֮£Ǻεҫϧ֪Ϊη裬ͻȻ͵ϮԼΪΪ˵ö֮ɥȮ
ۻ΢ЦҡͷЦȻôı֮⣬Ҳðʧ֣ѡɼҶҶٱҲһˣ̫ڳ嶯̫嶯ˣʦΪأ
һһӵɫ²С鸮Ȼˣûʮİ±֣ҲͬСɣûܷ̣ȫͷĲáңҹã֪֣˶ȡ鹬ڳ֮ȫçײı
ۻΪ⣬Цʦ㸸ĽûҶУ˵һϲ¡޵õƬľ磬ֿٽһ̼ǿΪУ£ʱ鸮֪ںδֻءУ仹̨ܵ棬ˣ۾ĺֻǸ߾ӵ۾֮λľѣ
ĬȻƬ̣£ǵ۱һͳ죬Ī˻ָӪ
ۻЦȻֻҪҺ޶ģָӪڻ£Ҹ֮λʱѾǵ۾Ϊµı⣬϶ͬСɣĵ̣ǿ֮ʱ
һҲƮȻȥ˿ûͣǲɫĵӣҲ۾жפƬ̣϶ᱻĨɱ
о䣬˲Ϣǧĵ۴ȨȻ鸮Ҷ֣֮⵹Ǹ鷳۾֣֮ҶʱڱѶشȨ
ˣı⣬ֻҲҶ֣֮鹬еĲƸǴܹӳ۾Լ׷ɱһͬСɣ
ʴգ㣺ȣȴѷɫһҵֵܽãѾҵУ΢ҲɣܹõҸײµıģֻң۵ı⣬ʲôûУҸõ֤֮˵ҲУӵ֤֮۾ҲҵĶ֡
һսشҲûͣȥҲ뿪Ƿ֮أñ͵Ϯ
𴴽ĺΰ쳯Ҳ𣬶֮սʽĻ
еҪ࣬Ҳвã֮սһ쳣ҫ۵ĴսҲһĺûᣡ
ζ۴ս֮У䣬Ϊݹǣ澳зΪʵͻͽʶλ
ʮǰĲλţǴζ֮սԭֻ֮ϣ޳ɵ۾ս޲ʤɨԯۺڵ۾ڳΪǿλڣ
Ƕ۴սĥԼ˵Ǳ뵱֮еײײбõĻ𻨣
̫۾һۣҲתգص̫֮񸮡
ڴ˴δս֮УȻҲǼأȴõһ۱ջǳս֮УҶ΢֤ӡԽڻͨ۾ľ磬üޡ
۾յ۾վԭأλ۾Ϣݣһֻ֮̽У˴˻Է
۾ޱ飬ʣ΢Ц̧ͷգյ۾ĿȻڡ
֮У֮ڣ޳ɵ۾ǿߣ󣬱ʣˣ֮䣬һս
˿Ǽץס绨鹬۴ȨԼѹıأû̳֡
һ绨󲻶ϣŤգ˲Ϣ֮㴩Խ֮أݶȥ绨󷽣ֻֻϴֺݺȺץȥ
ָֻԲͬһֹֻӲɣͬϵ֣֮һֻ̲һص֮·в֪ٸ磬һֻ֮𣬽ӲӣغƴȻ۾յ۾λ۾֣֮
λ۾û罻棬ǸԵƣȴյײ˴˶Է
գ飬˲Ϣ֮䱻λ۾ʱλ棬漴ֻһЩʱλͳͳ飬ƶһޱȿ񱩵һУһУ
ҶԦ绨۾Ľֲľ޴󶯵зƮҡٴ󣬷·ʱᱻλϴڴ
ޱΣգ绨УҶϥͷһϵȡ֮еľֲΪ߶绨ԾʱǰĵΪǰߡ
Ҷȥأ
¥֮У˳ɫ԰ףΪɲָҲܵҵĶ̷ֳһ̽飬ոշɳ绨㱻۾Ľನ飬ҲԿΣɵһ
Ϊδ컯ͬҲΪҪָΪǵþĿһܰ쵽۾һ绨ֻ֣Ҷ񣬲ӳ۾׷
˵۾֣κεطûҶ˵֮أֻأŲ۾ķΧＴǵ۾Ҳ޼ɵ
Ҷ񵱼ȫ߶绨Хߣֱضȥ
绨ֱײرݣȻ֮У˲˲֣һһֱԾ֮أȥ
أ
绨˲Ϣ֮䣬һǰ棬ײޱȵرݣС
أ
绨Ծ̶Ƭ̱㴩ʮ磬ֻ۾ϴֽ󣬷ٽӽ۾ֺ֮Ȼ䣬Ҷֻ绨ʱһ٣ͬײͭǽ֮ϣ粽УȻ۾ϴֱӽصİչ̻ӡʱգ绨ڰ֮У޷ٴߣ
ҶŭȻվѪڣӡϼӳ̥Ѫһ˲䱩ƴ߶绨գǰǷޱȻ
ֻ־绨ץȥͬ黨ۿҪ绨ָ֮䣬ͻȻֻһ죬ֻϴָ䣬۾̵ʱպ飬Ҷʱֻޱߵѹɢ̴߶绨Ŷȥ


921 ɱ
ͻȻĴָſֻһɽʮȺ鲼ɽ䣬ΡΡζһƱ㽫绨Ⱥ֮Ҷδ߶绨ʱգʼն޷ƿأ
۾Ͼǵ۾ͨһ죬ѡ
ȴڴʱյ۾֮ͻȻڣ˫һչϴ֮Уգۼ佫ʮȺڣɽջʱҶԴƿ֮ѡ
צ̽绨ץȥֻצոմ绨۾ͬʱ֣Ȼͷ˶ƥڻ飡
ǵķѾ֮ͨңԽ֪ٸʱգԽ˲֪磬ӵ޷󼰵սνǾ
۾ҶܸоֻԼСȻӵвѷսȵ۾һβԽĲ࣬컯򸾣ָ۷״̬Ҳֵܵ
۾໥ͬʱҲҶѵϣ۾ļз
أ
ͻȻյ۾Ľϴֱ״򱬣鹬ԭַǰλ½۾һ۾֮УʧȻûٴγ֣۾绨
յ۾˳Ҷ˵ѹ˿δյ۾ϾǸոսΪ۾Ϊ۾ȴǹϵĴڣΧλɴ֮սУĵ۾ֻǶ˻ɼǵʵ
ûãҶصԶķĹȾ绹Ҫ˲֪ٱصƬֻǽϴƬѣԪʼнЩƬȡϴȥеħԣγɾ硣
صҸӣһưܳħԵԶ˲֪ħͷΪǿħҲ
ǿħ񣬿˾˵սϢҲ壬ǰ

绨ͻȻһƬ쳣磬ƬĿռ伫ȶŸŨҵŨҵħļţҶ߶绨ٶȼ죬һʱƬ̼Ҳ޷ԾƬħ磬ﵽľͷ
Ƭ磬λص룬ޱȼ̣Զ磬Ҷ뻨ʮ౶ķڴ˵صдС
ﵽһçֺɽƣЩʥɽ̲żΪߵȵĿҲħء
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ڵؼΪأΪϣ·Ԫʱһɣ
⵽ʲôطѵϵ磿
Ҷϸ룬ֻϴץһָֻһʱ绨е漴һֻϴֶȻɽʮȺ䣬ֻ飡
ʦ֣ˡ
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λħԪʼԿһΪͳӴħǿħͳ˧ĺΰ֮еĴ죬ҲΪĽأײУ
˵գսپ鸮绨̻ص磡ûдյ۾۾ĸԤСӣõ󱦿鹬˵׾٣
Ĵ̽ɽʮȺ֣Ȼ绨ȥ
ȴڴʱ绨Ȼֹͣգͣһ㻨ţѤöʣҶֻ绨ֻ֣߳绨ĻУЦֻʣһ۾ϴ֣ڿԲضأԴչȭˣ
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Ҷ𣬱۾ϴ֮еķñˣͻȻЦһԼ۾׷ɱıó죡
ϴ֣Ҳ𶯲ݣȻҶһеɽʮȺ죬ú¡¡֮࣡
ϴֱϮ֪֮أؿռ䣬۾ϴеĴУڲӵͨ쳹صܡ
ˣֻ̲ص൱һֲѷ컯ʼǵȵĴڣ
УߣֻֻϴͻȻһգɽʮȺͳͳУҶȥ
Ҷϣһٴλ绨Ĵ󴸣ƥֻȭͷݺӭȥ
ٴζƴĲӣһ˻˻֮Уǳ𣬺Хȣ˻𣬼Ҷϴ־У
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һɿ񱩵٣ȻۣһƻһǧħĿ磬ʲôڴ˴֡
һ仰δ˵꣬㱻Ҷֱನ飬Ȼ޴棡


922 ѹ۾
ǿħҲͷǧħһ㣬ոս٣㱻Ҷϴֱ飬ֻü˵һ䳡滰ɢ
ǸĳСӣֻ֣Ӽǵˡ
ҵҲɱ֪֪˭
һ˾Ȼһƻսġ

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۾ϴֽսȻ֣һ˿壬һѵõĥԼĻᡣ
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ʵһӱϷڣҶĿһ㲻ԻΪ˴һȻӭϡ
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Ҷûûεֶ䣬ҽԼҪˣķڷԾҶĿⲻסͻᱻܵڻʮĲҽУס֡
۾ټӰѾһ˵ұˡҶû湻Ц
СӣݣȻӵһ챦ѹҵķ
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ҶٶȥͻȻֻ컯绨е鹬ڴķӵδᱻӦõ
ҶȻȷû뵽ؼֻ֮ҪڣҵǣԵ۾ʵ컯ͳͳָ۷״̬Ҳ׾٣
˿̣ҶȴûΪʵ컯򸾺ͳͳָȫʢ״̬ܡ
ȴڴʱһޱǿҵĲǿ쳣ϢԪԪֹ׷ƺԶãڽٵˣ
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۾ҶȥķȥգĿ֮ͳͳŤһֱͨҶߣҶʩչӡҲۻ
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֣ͻȻֻջζһǿϢٶٵˣߡ
һջƣƳһۣһȺħеҲҶ֣ģͳͳ
ͻȻֻһЦõĵ۾ǰǴ죬ֲ


923 빬
ѭȥĿⲻһֻһͷͷԶžһ㱦ʻգ֮˵ء
⼸ͷԶž޺Ȼ֣ħ֮ѪʵΪǿ󣬿۷棬ͭУݣ㱦֮ϣͷ˶İ׺ף¯¯ʮλòŮң˿ظ衣
λ̬欵ŮŻ󣬸һȴǽӡǣ㱦ԱߣɫĻڱϿգ΢紵·һ⣬ӵ

һλŮеĽʡ
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ɼ·λ֮£֮ԽٵˣΪ˹Ľ٣
ԭħ£빬
ĿǺЦ빬㲻ҵĶ֣ħԸȴࡣ
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΢΢ζɫ΢磬ϴ壬ת컯ֲ첻㡣빬ļʶ̫Ҫһɣ
ħеЦ⣺ĪǴΧңǶ֣Ⱥ߹ͳͳҪҵС
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Գһ磬ԪʼͳʱڣҲδͳδ˵أħ۱ħʣ
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ħȻҲѾǷŭɱȥҲڻ£
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õĵ۾۵ҾʦȻᱻһոճëͷСӺݺݵˣһ٣һسӣȥ϶Ҫ˳ЦΪЦ
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оâͻȻЦǽӲ£ʹ˹
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һתشʱգתΪܣ
ǰػ죬ƬصˣףƬصĵƿߣ
빬ɫޱأͷӣбֹ⻷ֻתħȻһΰ޴Ĺϴڣͬһħۣһӭȥ
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һսʱ伫ΪݣҲСĺܣഥһ£漴ֿʧ
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¶˼֮ɫΪλԽҴ죿׷ɱˣ־˭
һŮӽЦܹ۾׷ɱһͬСɣر
빬¶֮ɫЦӵսһսã鲻֪Ҳ˵á磬ϵıģ϶ǵ۱Խ۱ıȥԱ빬и֣ѳˣ
ʱҶѶȴɻڴľڣвп˵֮
λ빬ĶѾ뿪ʱڣ赣ٱ׷ɱ뿪죬˵ˡ
ҶͣΣ˼Ƭ̣ĵѰ徲֮أڴȺ컯򸾺ָȫʢ״̬ٽķһ޷յҵټˡ
¿ȥֻȺɽɽ๬һɹǿϢȻħͷ̾ʥɽء
еĸڶ࣬ɽˣˣһǵ͵һЩȽϺá
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻйһգȼգ΢նȥ
ִ֮Уֻܻܣ¶ȼߣմɣʱʱһ󳤴ǧĻߣͨǶҪӴһ򣬱Խһɣ
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֮УھȻ½Ư½йżưܣӦҲи֣ｨʥأ֪ζưܡ
˵ûбӦҲһ
Ҷٵ˵أһ绨룬գȽȽţǧһ󻨣¶鹬ɽš
鹬컯򸾻غϡ
Ҷµ¯컯ɫ죬Ц
Ҳ¶֮ɫҶһЦ¯ôˣ
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Ҷжʱ֣ʧˣô¯ѹһˣ
̲סȷǸˣסѾˡ
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924 ЪԷ
¯ףҵĵ۱֪֣֮¯֮л죬ΪңڵĴգ¶ȻҪֹ߳ٱ۱ƱһͬСɡ
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ҶΪƣｫǸѹ¯УӦǲݵĴǸôƱ
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Ƶıһ淽ԲʮĶľ޴ӣЩ˴䣬һƴУ֮ܲƣ֮࣬Ŀ
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ҶɺȻδͣѾӵмΪǿܣ¥Ҫ۱
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Ůݣһȭһ컯Ҳͳͳɣʵ֮ǿ˷˼
Ҷæ˾Ůûж⡭
ŮţһȭȥҲҶɳȥ


925 
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Ҷ֣֪Ϊ˵컯ȴ컯˵ûλȷǶ˾ŮԼֻͻƵ۾ʱԼĶΪʴնĶѣ
컯ôһ˵ҶҲ
ͻƵ۾ʱὫĴʡħԼԼǰһնֻ´һԼԪ֮Уӡ۵Ķħ
ףڼҵĶ˾ŮΪѾﵽ۾ĲΣͻƵ۾磬նħʱǾ粻ȣҲпܱ͵Ϯûгնħԣ˳ħԼؾ
־󣬿˵ǿźУͻƵ۾ʱֻһնĶһֱǱɣ׻ħͷ˾֮١
Ƕ˾ŮնԼĶô̱ǵ۾ľ磬ΪʵᱩΪһŮ۾
նĶʵҲǿᣬͨࡣ
ڶ˾ŮĶ֮һȭһΪռ˶˾Ů˾Ůʵ̫ǿԶ컯˵Եʡ
Ҷϸϸ˾Ůղźһȭֻһȭ֮УһصĴͬһȭȥһ򣬴ԼڵĴʶ˼֣вһλŮ֣һΪĺûᣡ
ƬеľΪͽȻ٣ںյʣȻûиҶܴı׶ˣǽһӰ쵽ҶС
˾Ůղһȴڵʺ٣Ѵһȭ⡣
ڳʱҶѾоı׶ˣ㶨ԼҪʱľ磬װеĴȥж˾ŮĻʡȥܶʱ
ҶԼ뷨˵һ飬컯򸾶һۣɫŹ֣˾ŮȰ벽Ů۾֣ȷԴҲҪ²С
ŮǺεȰԵʱһȭһѪ˵ǶûлָΪʵŮΪҲӡ
ֻҶֱ̬ôﵽĵΣŻŮȥĵУⰤȭͷᱻ򱬡
鹬бλʹãָΪҶ׼ٴν¯аЦ
컯򸾵ҲڷԼʱԻָΪԴϲЦҶģõһ
Ҷ벻⣬鹬λµؼ࣬ĴڣҲʮʮ̫塢ʤλָΪõѡ
ҶĲƴ֣Ȼϡ
صĴУΣأħ񼫶࣬ܿٻָΪҶҲᰲȫܶࡣ
˵ǷʮԸһ
ʮУһɮ˲âЬߣаʮӶأһ˵Ҵ輸㶼ͬһҡȥݻһҪŪһȥأȥ͵ء
ûãڵɽ֮ͻȻһߵŭ𣺡ɱˣĸ쵰͵˷үҪүѰ㣬ȫң
ʹ˿ѾԶݶȥλɮһţĵҺûб˿۶ӵ㱻װܻˡ˵ȡʱȼüʦܵ׷һᱻ˿˵ὫȼüƳţһĿǡȮˣ
Ҷ˿̻Ȼ֪صծһʵͽƵòòȥĴ͵컯򸾶ͼָΪҲûţŴν¯֮С
Сﴸ㣡
һŭҶ߸ߵ𣬱ɳ¯漴ٴС
ǲҡͷЦүǵڼٴαˣ
Ц֪Ҳûעǵڼˣү¯֧֮ŵʱ䵹ԽԽˡ
Ҷٴν¯ͷֻʣ¹ͺͺɣ֦ҶеľѾգֻʣеľδȡ
ʱ䣬¯֮У˾ŮȭͷĥԼԪ͵УĴ̲صĴȥԼڵĴʡ
ԪʶӴ⣬һַ豹ĸо
˾Ů̲ԼشҶ֤֤ǰԪ񵱳֤֮ĥ
ö˾ŮĴԪãﴸֶΣȴҪʤһ
ΪͬʱҲڲϽ˳˳ڣΪʵԶʤǰ뼴ٴζʼǵ棬Ҳ·磡
֪ûз˾Ůѹнѳ
Ҷվڶ˾Ůǰֻ벽۾Ůŭѣֳףȭ꣬Ҷȥ
Ҷڿ籩Ĺڳ֮Уĵȴûн⿪ӡʵ컯򸾻ָΪп˿ֻǣ˾ŮָΪһ˭ֵܵңᱻ򱬳
̾˿漴¥˾ŮĹλ벽Ů۾Ĺĥ¥˳¥еƵɵϣĵ֮⣬ķҲһֵء
ʱޣ˾ŮĶĥѾԲ¥ѹϷҪҶĿǰʵ޷쵽
ۣ
˾Ůŭѣ¥𶯲ݣеСҪһ㣡
䣡
һٴνҶɣҶڰգɼȥ񣺡Ů۴Ȩ仹˭ܵס
˾ŮȻǰ벽۾ľ磬ףսֱ׷۾г۴Ȩһɱɱ
ֻŮ˲ʱãʱ˭ҶҲ޷ҪҪ


926 
Ҷα˾ŮɣûٴȥѰ˾ŮĥԪʱĥԪΪĥþԲҲӨ͸ټȥѾûжٵıҪ
˾Ů˿ƣѳˣԶȥ񾵡Ҷվǰֻһ˺Ȳѣ󴸴£񾵡
Ѿβ⻬ޱȣɽǺӵǧ硣
澵ӱԼߵϣ¶˾ŮĿģλ벽۾ǿߣΪԼһܹԼ֤ױ
ҰĲҪΪۣһҪǿ֣֮
ȻûΪ񾵹עϣ񾵱ûмȥıҪˡ
Ҷ΢ӿ֮Уֻ񾵱̱뵣漴ǧӿܺ嫿ֲ
ףŹ֡
ҶԭΪԼķע֮УȻ޷ӳ񾵵ܣȴȻ෴񾵶κ˵ķͳͳ߲ܡ
ֻǸոճεĤߣȻҹδӡԼϣκ˶ܴ߶ԭʼܡ
ԭʼܣҲͬСɣԳκ
ӡϵ۾ϣȷҪ۱ˣѹǳսֱ鹬񾵣ȷ˵ã
һ˵ֻͬķܴ߶ӦױȴȻ֮Уûκδӡνǰװһ飬κ˶Դ߶
ӡҵشһܼǿױ
ҶԭĴǽڻеԼ¥֮У¥ܣ˿̼죬ȴ˰֮⡣
ӿͼ֮ӡԼĴãҶջصϣ΢΢üΪʵȻ޷ӡԼĴӡǣ
Ȼľ磬ΪʵȻ޷ӡ´ӡǣֻҲɡ
񾵵ĵ̫ߣеĲǵ۱ָ֤֮Ĳкֻе۾ϲӡϡ
ͼ񾵣֣񾵲ȫİװһ飬滹µӡһ˿ӦΪƿش˱ڱ˶µĺ֡
µһ˿ҲûκôȻˣ񾵱Ϊ鹬֮
Ҷ΢淽ԲʮĶ񾵼ֻ񾵸գ鹬Ϸҫʮһо޲¶֮УҶƵȣȻȴӺعӡ
񾵹鹬ϣ滹Ǻħֻ鹬κˣֻһ񾵣Դܣɱ鹬ĵˡ
¯л۱кҲҶͳͳȡЩ۱кﲻ֪Ӻεѹζ˿ѾͳͳҶ̳С
컯컯ɽǴδսб飬Щ۱к㽻Լա
Ҷĵõ۱кһԭױǿж˾Ůλ벽۾æ°빦
۴Ȩ鹬ûȥ۴ȨΪأӵмǿķȥȨݺݻɣ˵Ҵ
Ҷ˿Ҳû㹻ʵȥƹܴȨ컯ͬҲûʵֻе۾ܽȨΨ۲ôȨܣ
Ҷ鹬ССͳͳһ飬ȡһƬ
ΧɱλɴڵĴս֮УҲһƬҶں֮еõ껹ҪӴȻ۴Ȩ˲֦ҶӵױȵشƵִ֮
˿컯򸾣£һ߻ָΪһϸϸ̲صĴʹԼͻơ
һսǿȼԪԼΪǰƽһ󲽣ΪͻǣȻڹƴķ񱨳ʹԼΪ۷ĸ߶ȣ
컯ҲвСΪ֮䶯ֵĿܼ٣дȫֵĻᣬҲ֮սһսǽ߾ȫܣžһ˲ǰδеǱӶҲԼΪľõĥ
֮սȳ֮սӲңɼ֮սнж۾䣬ٸͻ
λΪָ۷״̬ڴҲһɲСЩԱ֮ˡ
Ҷ˿еĴħħͳεĽΪΣ֮أ߲òС
ֻҪλָΪķԶ죡
Ҷ̧ͷǰӦĴ
ԯ۵Ȼ
Ҷ۾Ӧ֮Ĵ֮УȻԯ۵Ĵתλϵڲǰ棬ķеĵȻҲȥΪһ֡
ֻĲк̲صȻֻƬΣ
ɴͣ۵Ĵ
ҶͻȻӦϢ΢΢棬֮ǰʱδ£۲ôλ۵ĵ
ѵΪ
΢ͷλͬǵ֮еۿս֮ǰоĴвŻ۵ĵ
ԪʼĴ򣡡
ҶȻӿģиԪʼĵӦλΪǿĴڣԼĴöνġӡ֮С
ҶΪʵѾ֮У۽ʶҲԽԽʶԪʼġӡֳ֮΢΢Ⱥ졣
ֻϧǣѾնϣֻʣ²к
Ҷ¥еҲпһֻҶ񲻸ҿ϶
ǰ̲صԪʼĵ٣ϵҶӦеĴͻȻѪȻʢʮֹ鹬Ȼ𶯣һСԪ类Ѫ鹬ֳһӽ鹬˾ѣ컯ҲѪ𶯣Ŀ
۵ĺУ̲۵ĺɴҶɫ䡣
΢΢üЦҶԽҲҴʦϻ۾ҲУȻ۵ĺɴ
컯ͷЦҸܹ޳ɶҪ
ҶɫԽԽأܴ۵ĺɴѵ㲻У
컯оһţǾʵֲ̫ˡ
λһۣ컯Ƭ̣ҡͷĺɴܣʱֻǴƬ֮Уķ
ɫ粻ֻĲк̲صĺɴҲ޳ɶ
˵Ҳҿ϶Դ쳾ٵۼķʿν죬ѱܴӺɴƬУݳĺɴ޳
ɴм֮ܻ
컯ĿҸϻ۾ĲквŻûںδ


927 ѿ
ıŲߣѱϵڳϴɱ˵Ļº֣Էһ
ôһսèɾͶˣ˵ԼѾļ۾𲢣Լ֮
Ҷ˶һۣ˸սûֻµһֵĻô֮ϣҶ治֣Ҳ֣ӶŪļ
һ˭Ҳһ˷ϣ۾֮䣬Ʊػһ۴սɱս죬֪Ϊɨϰ
ʱ󸴳ֳּΪ֤֮񾵣ɨһУ׼ΪʷϵһŮۣ
۾Ҷ񣬶ӣãһѿǵƣ
Ҳпûɴû޳Ҳ˵
ҶЦȻȥͬʱ컯Ҳֱ̱Ƶ񾵡
Ǽͬʱ뵽޳ɶһѡģ϶ԼױױУֻΪأ֤֮к۱кƶɣѵļ֮Ա겻Ȼݻ
Ҷת˲֮ǰͻȻ¥סˣ֮У񾵵ı硣
꣬Ʊػ񾵵ı꣬Ĳ֮ء
񾵵ıֻͻȻ뵣ӿһ޴öƷӵ¡¡֮Уֽһӡȵ
Źգۼ㽫Ƭıҫͨ͸
컯򸾶һۣƺХɳͬһ޴֯Ƭͳͳ֮£
Ҷ˫Ŀſֳĵϣۿȥ
˵ֻһ˿꣬
˸ͨ鿴һ飬ֻҵµһ˿ʲôҲûз֡
һ˿Ȼ꣬ȻҲܽһ˿ָΪ
ǲ֮Уôпܻ۴Ȩ֮С
ҶĿսȨݺ벻ΪңԼлָڶϣ
ܣ
컯Ȼ񶨵۴Ȩ۵ֻ۲ƿأҽӽȨһȨµϢ飬ò
Ҳͷǣ۴ȨԪʼ֮һ֤֮۱֮䣬۶ƿشȨȨԼӡ
ȷѰ·˿Դ߶һе۱۴Ȩǰȴô
ѵ˵û۵ĺɴ޳
컯˿Цӹˡ
ҶҲ˿ļ鹬Уĸ䣬Ǳ仯κˣ޷ӳ䣬˵鹬УûĲ֮
ңӣѲ϶һѰҶĻ޵еʵ컯Ҷ֣Ҳᱻ׻ɱ
ֻ˵ҪôҪô鹬С
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⵹δأһһ취֪Ǽ
ҶĿ֮еǵ˿ˣȻһ˰ˣţ϶ɵ֤֮֮ߣ׵ǵС
Ϊ񾵣ķ˲֪˼ٵıƳߣǱҶĨеһ˿᳹޹ء
ţ϶޷顣
컯˾ЩΪ⣬컯ЦҶСĵĹͷˡ
Сʻ괬
ҶЦֶ̫࣬ò
컯򸾶һۣЦ˿ĿǰΪȷ԰쵽
֣ͻȻֻһᶯ˵ǶҶɵëȻ
Сԩңѵôñ
ޱȵĴ˵ĶУͻȻֻǵ˿ȻҶһ쳣ǿϢɢ֮еܿʼۣ
Ů˻ţ
ëʧȻ޳˶
䣡
ͬһ˲䣬˻عԵ죬飬Ƭ£񾵵ƿȨ֣֮
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컯Ҳһ㣬õĲϵ̫ߣǵƶ޷ӡϡ
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ҶϼϤ¥֮Уʱ¥һȻΰȻɫײ
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񾵵󣬾㲻ӡϵ۾ϣԭʼ״̬µҲȵ۱һ˿ȴѽ񾵵ܳ׷ӳ
ӦòĻ趫أΪֱӱԽҶͳͳɱ
Ҷ񲻼ϸ룬Ȼ¥У˷ɱȥ
Ҷ㡭
컯Ҷײȥ֮£ֻøҶһԭءǱ壬ʵڲԸٴŮ۾֣ҶղһͷҲߡ
ӿȻ޷һУĥƣǴǵΪ
񾵵һƺҪƿնߡ
绨գ
Ҷһֻ绨ʱ£ռ䣬޷ƿնߡ
ֻƶѣѵŵƨΪ񾵣Ӱգ
ҶֻתʱɣŤʱ֮УӿҪһע֮Уֱǵ˿ȥ
Ҳͨؼ֮ʱ֪󲻹ƶѣڴˣ񾵣׾ٱԽͳͳĨɱ
λаһγҲǱŵƨ
ӿҶĵϻغϣһѹǵ˿Ͻ˿е
СӡдЩܻ
Ӻܺ棬㾿۾Χɱʲô֮ϣ
Ҷһƴѹեǵ˿ȡ񾵵ƿȨһЦУ˿̵
ˣΪ㡭ǵ˿ڱ˳ĥκϲŭУ·˵һɵ飬ޱȵĴҶĶС
Ѱӣһ۾ĴݣҶЦ


928 ۾
ŮˣȻûҶŹݻֻ֮ͷƤ飬վ֮ϣһ¡
ﾹȻţ飬˵ȥûһ˸ţڳһսУʧ۱۴ȨԼԼ鹬еĲãһ֤֮Ĥߵ񾵣ֻΪ˼δ̫˰ɣ
ңҾ᲻óЩ͸ˡ컯ѹͷ𾪣Ц
֣֣۱һκۺ죿۴Ȩ֮һ鹬ʦĹ⣬ټϵ۱¯ɾ͵۾Ķ˾Ůߵ񾵣֤֮к۱ĲкԼ˵ӵôģ֮Уֻһ˶ѣ
컯Ҳ£ЦôãԭЩΪǳϣЩæңŲòô
ˣ̫Сˡ
컯ΪȻʲôЩ˵ֻǾţһëѡߣ֮϶ӵвֹ鹬һϳĳѨУ϶ƵĲã
컯ʵţһëĪӵ֤֮ɣӵ֤֮ǻʲôʲôλѾˣ
컯ȻҲʲôɷӣֻګګĪ⣬˼ܴĦôııܲΪôıԾܳȥ󻹻ţҲᱻ֮Աǡ
Ҷͷ綷ʵ벻«﾿ʲôҩҲòпһĻĪ⡣
ⲻ֪˿Ҳڴ֮ŭԭļƻУԼʧôණ鹬ĲøǲضãҲĿơ
Ҷ鹬ڳ֮ͻȻ֣ĲãҲʧ˲أ
ҶΪֲֻܽƾͼƣƴЩﲻҪҲҪƭ֣νʧ
Ĵ׷ɱҶ񣬷ǰ
һëͷСӣȻѱȵ̶ֳȣҶٱ鸮Ҳ˵ˡ
ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȡ֤֮֮ߣУþƣɾۣ㻹ʲôֶΣ
Ҳ֪ﲢû֪ʲô뷨Ҷվʮһɵ¥ǰЦʵ
¥֮һƬĬҶɱ֮ʱҲѹ¥еĴӡУĶûĸ֪
ȻɴϣϢȵĵ۾˵Ҳޱ𺳡
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ӷӡ֮дǺЦһʵ̫ûʸ֣ο˱ȷǴУҲǱıɱ֮ˡ˱ķ۴Ȩٰ͸Ҳп֣ܽ
־գΪҶ֪Լֿܵı˿ѰһǿˣͬԿ
˿ҶʨӴ󿪿ڣݺݵҶһʣ㲻ˡ
֮⣬㻹Ҫ޶͵죬Ϊӣ
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Ҷţˡ
΢΢һЦǵʵ۾Ȼܣ۾ķȴѡ
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鸮컯򸾣ԶĶڴУΪ̤һ̽ٵǰ
ŭһҲ˽ֻټϷվ
ϷһģһϹɣԵЩãʵͬӰ
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¥е֪Ҷûпºڣ֮ϵȷ鲼ϣϣ߶еܾӳҶʵ㲻۾ҲȥԶ
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дϲõ۱ĲµƱػԶǰ
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¯Ͷ˾Ůæ˵ɵ۱Ҷоȡ
컯ЦͻȻ뵽ؼ֮Ҷûô˾Ů
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Ƕ˾ŮܹԼĶҲˣǿƲסֻ鹬£ᱻɱ⣬һ
ûʲôֶΣԲ˺˾ŮͬʱְĶնҶһ£ʵ
λһҡͷ˾ŮǴǰδ˵˵ֻնڵ۾ľ磬ȻҲֻе۾Ż㹻ʵͼʶնĶ
Ҷü̾˿ĵ֪̫û޳ɵ۾޳ɵ۾˵԰˾ŮնǶ˾ŮܹƶųҲǲԡ
Ȼð
¯У˿֫üĺ͵Ķ˾ŮҶ⣬ЦҵĻҶԷġ


929 Ůʧ
Ҷ񾭹ǣͷŶ˾ŮȻ˾ŮʱܻᱻԼĶƣڱˣһλǿ߽ԵϾһ¡
˾ŮѾֻǻδն˵ǰ벽۾ֻնԳɾ͵۾гΣҶҪ˿нųΪһС
컯Ҷ֣Сʱ䣬Žӡ˾Ů˿üϸһ
泩
Ҷ˽ҪڶʱͻȻֻŮ֫չڽͣһصŮˣ¯۱ʱ׸գ۾һ˲ʢ˲֪ٱյҶĵࣱѣ
ŮɣվŨŨĻ֮У޾ı֮˫ȭȻſڴ𣬶˫˿ʱʼȼգûãճɻҽ
ţ˫˿ҲʼȼȵĻ䣬ƵҶ˲ϺˣǿȻǴ߶¯¯ܣǿ˿
˾Ů֫˿ȥȻһץסǵ˿ŭӲ˿ڳ˫һģʱ˿飡
ӡΪ̵õţϢͻȻǣڽֻһ죬¯۱ȻҲڲסƣһִĻһСԪյڻ
䣡
绨ڵִգȻը̫·Ǳҧȥһڵƻȱ֮һִĻգأ͵һǿ֮Уһ·֪ǳͳͳճɻҽ
£ХؾֲƵ̫ȥֻޱߵĻߣһӿ绨֮У¯֮ڣŮſһͳͳ븹У
ִֻգĹڼͬһ齹̿ڿУֻʣ¹һżϨ֮ϣһ˶Ļ䡣
ö˶˵һִգϨеĻͳͳ˾Ůգ
˵ǲǱˣ
컯˾ŮƣͷƤ飬˾Ů˿̵սȲϵ۾ҲȥԶԿԺ̫ǵѾ˲֪Ϲ
ҡͷҾãǻ˳˵Ϊ
ҶͷǣԭţͷŶ˾ŮŮ¯һǾԻᱻķѣ绨𣬲֪СԪֻǶԿ⡣
鸮λʦ֣ǲõġ
˾ŮȻСֻһ긾ˣǰллλִȣþѹƣʱ
֪úʱŻ컯ܵ˾Ů棬ǿЦ
˾Ů΢΢üȻûгİܹѹĶֻò˶೤ʱ䡣ǳǰ֪ǡ
Ҷдŭ˾Ůƭңֱ˵㲻ܿĶΪ㣬鹬£Ҫʱվ
˾Ůɫ鸮ҪƭǣǱѹô꣬ʱ޿ָ̲֮˲ССһѡģһᲹǡףұϾңΣ
ҶһƲסãûʲôؾٴ룿
˾Ů˼Ƭ̣ҡͷûС
Ҷһ񣬹ƻնʱһֻԪ𶷣ѶѹУ֪ûҲһһʱҲԽӡ
Щ⣬а˾ŮĴһ϶þˣҪԽԪ𶷣ǵ۱ر
ܹӡ˾ŮĶȻܹ˾ŮҲһӡı죬Ƕ˾Ůƣ۾ֻҪ𣬱ԽԷѹˬޱȵ飡
˾ŮЦЦһۣ鸮֪˼ϳ˸һǵһǣЩ˴򽻵һǵȦܰҲӡĵ۱Ǵ첻ܹƳƣ
Ҷɫ΢죬֪ԼĴ㱻˾Ů
Ļǳ֣õΣҶʵؼ֮
˾Ů΢΢ü̽Ǳ㽫ѹ¯֮Уסʱʱ֮ȻȡƿȨΣ
¯ףڼҵĵ۱ѹ绢ҶȻ
ֿܲܵʱ˾Ůüͷ
Ҷ컯򸾣λҡͷ컯̧֣ԼĨһ£ʾӲӲ˾Ůɱ
һӦÿѹʱɣ
˾Ů۾һҶѹʮһ漴ҡͷɣɡȻΪַʵڴֲڡûδȽױ´һֵܹʱĺ
У˵̻һ¯Ҷʮһͳͳ¯֮У漴ӿ˻޴ҶЩ
ЩҶʮʮ˲һһʮ㱦ʮ˲¥̲ҶԴļ⡣
˾Ů´ЩҶֻЩ֮У𶯣ȴûбƾ޴鷨еĴЩ򣬱ø
ˣЩ˻һ£ҶܹоõЩƴ뷨֮УĵϣͬʱҲ鷨֮еʣЩԽԽ̣ԽԽǿԽӦ֣
ԭЩֲַڣܹ𲻱飬Ѿڽң˾ŮһЩƷʼƲڻ£ͳͳõĻᱻҶĴ飡
ʮһϳһ׷Ǻεǿ󣬱ʮһֶҪǿԿԳΪ鹬֮
ȻЩ𣬵ȴԴҶ鹬Уֻ׷ǡ˴ҲԵֵסĹҶĵ
컯ȲѣȵļѰҶ˾Ů´ѾǵǸǿ
컯Ц˾ŮˣҲƼְæ
ˣڼ
˾Ůɫ΢䣬æһ𣬴ߵ۴ȨԱߣһץȨѹ¯֮ϣʵǿƥӽ۾Ȼܹ۴ȨץʵǸޱȡ
鸮¯۴Ȩѹñ޷ٻ¯ǽѹƽȹʱ
Ҷ֣ͻȻֻ鹬һŮƽЦû뵽ǾȻҼһͨң
빬Ҷһֵλ֣
鸮ӡңҪƲסˣ˾Ů죬ɳƵ


930 
һͷͷ漶Զž㱦ͣ绨⣬빬ųˣڱ֮У°죬ŮŽӡڱԱߡ
ƻ޵շӡԷҶԦ绨ѡ
һʱ䣬ʼûҵˣԭΪѾ뿪죬иû뵽˾Ȼ̫֮УǽƻһŮӴ
һŮǣЦϲϣϲϣ¶ΣȻϵġ˵ıҪģϵõıʵһλҲһ
빬΢΢һЦЩԵ֮⣬ЦС֮⣬ܹ׷ɱΪʵһ
֮г۾ֻһ̫֮⣬ﻹϿ
ŮеĽӣֻһöЦǵԼɱˡˣʱ磬ԪʼƬͳΣ񶼲ɵĴҵ
֮սƲأ죬ءԼ涼빬˶һսҲ֪һ
ϣ飬ûеۼΪα³ٳٲ֣һѾħ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ħҲ¶ɻ֮ɫѾȥû־Χɱɴڵһսĵ۾ֻʣˣ֮УǿǧƵ۾Ҳ
У˿̲죬һͳµĺʱħħȴʼհЩЩԹԡ
빬ҡͷԪʼһĴУľô򵥣Ȼֻʣλ۾ѡ˵۾֮⣬ﻹ֤֮Ԫʼµ֤֮Ǳӻ죬ǲСʱ֮Բ֣˹˼֤֮ķۣԼĶ֮⣬˼һЩ˹֮
¶֮ɫɾ͵۾Ȼᱻ߹ǵ۾ȻҲҪ֮УҲ಻СĽɫֻطȸʶ۾ʣɲ
ħеһƬĬҽӻ
ӵŮƳ绨һۣϣеһֱ֣ϣӦսǰȥ󻨣Ƴɱ֮ı׸ϣ
빬ÿɷŮӿһЦ߶ӣֻڽԽԽȻһ֣ǿϨ̫ͬ绨һڣ
Ů̽һģڽ֮ϣֻ۵һ죬֮ڣǿӦķѣǺ飡
绨ʢǺϿգʤƺ˿ûܵ˺
빬΢΢üЦ󻨣һı
ŮҲһ漴ٴƣһڽ֮ϣֻ̫Ǻ˳׷飬ޣֻʣһ绨ȵգҲûбһƬ
Ůɫ΢죬ĵϵĽӣƵıϳɳɳϳɾ͵۾ȻԳΪ۱ôһҲ޷飿
绨УҶһ빬ʵΪǿ󣬿ӲһУ۷
Ϊؼǣǿڶ࣬Χ֮£Ҳǿж֡
˾Ůͺȣһɹɱ֮ӿȻĶƿȨǱȡƿȨƻһеľӵж˾Ůͷ۾һУ
⻼ȥԸ⻼
Ҷ뵽Цѹƶ֪²裬˵Ч۴ȨȥĴ򣬾ңﻵӡ
˾ŮŽɣ̽ץ۴ȨҶæȻСܵ˼ǣ鹬ڴңһûϵһⲻҪȥȥ򡣡
ˣһˡ˾ŮץסȨɵ
û¡
ҶЦеѣúܣ㾡Ĵˡ
Ψ²ңƻǾòˣ¯
˾Ů۴ȨҡͷܾҶĺ⣬ѵϢȻһҪѷɫ࣬Ǵ¯İˡ
ҶƶȰ˵˾Ů¯λŮĵʼҡͷ۴Ȩߵ鹬ɽţҶϢԽԽ壬ֻô鹬ɽš
鹬⣬Ůνӣδܽ绨飬ҲδܱƳҶзݣǵ󻨣һ֣𻪸Ǳƻ
ո֣ͻȻֻ۵һ죬֮ϸһ޴ӡӡǣƳֻӡԱߣʱ鲼
ŮӶʱƺһһ飬޴ķ࣡
Ůӣħ빬㱦еظŮӣ¯İ׺ףļͷ漶Զžޣͳͳ⵽ħĳ
ֻࣼͷԶžֻ׺׺ȻըӲݺѪ
ħһħҡΣ׷ŭȣһֵŮɫ䣬æ߶ǺͱסԼͱýѪֹûб㱦е빬ЩظŮӡ
ͻȻֻ۵һ죬ǿڽӲҳһ󶴣嵴һУһȻڽ̲صܣ裡
빬ɫ䣺ã
ζȻһſһӣѸͣס㳵ƳȻȴϮһƶ𣬻һ빬ϣƺХڣ
ǿȻܹҵӣڵƷңѵ˵еһ۾ô
빬ɫͻȻֻɫȻ̧ͷȥһصŮȻǿڽӵȱڴԾͷһɽؾ޴ݺ䣡
⣡
빬һ£ŭһǿٻرֻͷ⻷ӿо֮һ⻷ӿϳȥӭ۴Ȩ
СǸ֡
˾Ů˿ѾͷԼĶֻŮأĿһ£Ц˼Ҿϲɱ֣
䣡
빬ֻ޿ƥеѹ£ݿһ㽫⻷飬Ȼڱ֮ϣƶɣ˿ֱȫ𣬾Ȼ޷ƥɾ޴Ȼûб飬ҲѪڣ
ͻȻֻһֻǿõĽ֮̽һֻ֣ץڽӣһ𣬽СУص绨֮С
빬ѣҪǿջԼĽӣֻŮ˸߾ٴȨٴκݺ£ֻٻػǣȫֵ
ȴڴʱ绨򿪣ӻзɳһڻ¯ХŮ˷ȥҶӻдЦܻ辡ˣ۱šСﻹı


931 ȫû
۱
빬۾ֱˣֻǿڻ¯Хһϴ¯дĻɵĴۼһϾһޣصŮһץݺݳ£
۴ȨȲ֪ʲôıһ۱빬֪ԼߵӲʯͷ
û뵽֮оȻȸ֣
æ߶ǣסֻڿգһ飬£ÿһӶȭͷС£ȴһſǳƶɵɢɫâϷвɫڶȴɼһƶɡ
Ӳϱףֻһ˲䣬в֪ٿ鱻÷飬۾ش͵ɵףҵȼ۾ϣǺε֮һϿǳ
빬Ļ˵ߣԳɳΪ۱ϻޣǲ⵽Ĵˡ
빬ӿУֻڿգҫȻףڼҵŮѹ¡
䣡
֮УһааоƺڶȰ˶䣬׹࣬־İ壬ҲɵħǸ˵־ľѹ£ֱ飬һͨ꣬аĲƷ
˾ŮȴǱƣɶ˾ŮǶĻΪаао۴Ȩݺݻ𣬵һаҷɣٴν빬Ѫڲݣ
ͬʱ¯Ȼײ빬Ӳӣֻȴ¯Ȼײȥѹ㱦֮ϣҲһʵȴߣ빬Ĺߣܹܾλʦƻ
㱦̷ֱ֮ʮĿ˵˶Ҳ¯緢һͳͳٻɻңȻ޴棡
빬λΪȻǿᣬϾδľ磬Ҳδһ¯֮¡
빬ŭɱ̣㲻죡˲֣ѹ
˲ԭȫ߶˵صʱգñҶ߶绨ѣԼһ湦⵽ȫѹƣв󾪣æջƣɱ
еħǿᣬʵǿ͵ǽսױǿ˽ɱ
һʱشƣնʱƬƬ̮ޡ
ջ¯ͷʱ¯ȫһϣ̲شܣһףӲ
䣡
ϤϣըһըȴûкŮֺ
۴ȨһħȥޱȣЦСɱŮˣɱеĲ£ʹʹսһˣ㣬Źζ
빬˲ΧŮԽսԽľֻŮ󿪴ϣ۴ȨָǵĹΪ⣬ںټ
෴Ϭƥһ£һѪڲݣ֧ţ
ƺħ񣬶ֻʿ
빬֣ǽѹ޷ƿĻף빬ȴԡ
ΪԭȾѷɫ࣬һƴľҲѻָΪʤǰǾֳ۴Ȩڵ۱֤֮֮ıҪκֽš
빬ƻ׵ķ׷׼룬һˣ
ֲסˣһƣ̬Ц
Щħеʵȷǿƥս֮ͨϣΧ֮£ս۾ƴһսܹ۾˳ɵս
˾ŮĶռ߶ķֳ۴Ȩ¯رϾǵ۾·硣
·磬Ů쳣ɱϡ
ҶҪҪ˾Ůһ֮绨ȻҶվ鹬ɽǰ컯֮ɫ
Ҷҡͷʱáǳ֣ȻܹɱЩ˾Ů˿̱ƣҲ֣϶ҪҲһ򡣿ң˾Ů˵¯ɱЩˣ벻һЦ
ͻȻһħ¶־֮ɫʧôҵҪˣ
꣡
ƣڻһ
Ҳˣһһ飬ֻʣ빬ıͻûȥҲѺۣ֧Ų˶ã
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˾ŮױĶȻƻױױȥֳִȨҲû

Ȩһ£ֱһħͷħŭѪ𣬽һ޴ѩ׵ֵȨȥֵȻֳѷɫ٣ЦҵħеӲƥֿ˺ûɱҲ׾٣
ͣ
˺һϣһֻ̽뾸֮УȻժŮ࣡
޶ãȨݺ£ݿһ㽫ǶѪİ飬һͷ漴㲻ᣬȨһȥ
ħվԭأȻըһ޴İƯڰ֮У֮ȴ飬ѳһζΣȻǱһȫƺʶֱӽ
ҶĿħʬֽ̽޴İץҡͷ̾ϢħɣƻױĴʦǵùø졣
ħʬЦѾ飬ħʬһµ
ϲҪ˵ȴɱ䣬һһɴĴħЩħһ飬ʱԭΣǧٹ֣еһеͭţзࡢߡ󸣬Ӵ󣬺ȻǴеǿ飡
Ůɱ񣬴Է֮ʬ嶪һԣȴҶ񣬱ץЩħʬͳͳ˻Щħʬħ滹ҪǿᣬĲϣĵرλ빬˵ãܵõʬƵ۱Ĳ϶ˣ
ɱͻȻϻĻ׾ȥϤص¯֮У¯۶£أ빬ʣµ¯С
¯֮жʱҵĺޱȣȻŮ빬˴ɱ䣡
ã¯֮еĺƽϢһ¯п۾ס绨еҶˣ¶ײк˷֮ɫͬµ
ҶͷƤ飬˾ŮɵЩ˶ʱ䣿
ҲͷƤ飬ֹŲĸʱ
ˣ


932 ķ
ǰҲδ׵ħ°˹֮һ빬ƽİ˳ɵΪܰ쵽
ȴĸʱʱڣ빬۷׸ɵֱħĿǣ
Ϊ˴룬桢컯λҶ񣬼ܼʣµʱеıͳͳᱻƻ֮ҵ÷飬ö졣
ҶЩڽ۴ȨŮˣû۴Ȩǻϣ֧ʱȨŮУлҪвԻӶȨ˵۱
ҪѪˡ
ҶҧгݣаһսһҪ˾Ůףڼҹͳͳ
Ȩվ鹬⣬סɽţӸ¸ҶˣЦСõҲΣʮֵı£Լһ£ĸ˯
Ҷԭȫע׼ӭӼĴսЩѪګګ˵˾ŮׯţŮĵ䷶û뵽ĶȻ˵˾ĶǵĻ
ػһ´ȨЦôǲź
Ҷ˸սæҡͷѾзˣ컯˭е
컯ЦЦҲзˣʦǹ¼ҹˡʦ֣壬ȻӦͦɾһμѻ˵ʵɢȥף֮󣬾Ǹˣûʦ֡
ɫǺ죬ŭͯӹɣ
£
ŭЦ飬ƨɴһźңŸȺ˳˭һ
Ҷ컯ϺݺݵһѣϲüЦľ׳ܹһЩʱ䡣
ͷƤ飬ڻǰ졭
򵥣̫˾ˡ벻⣬Ц
ȻЩժ¶׾٣̫ȷʵ򵥣ֻӲͷƤʱ䣬ҪýȢ
¶֮ɫ룬˫˫֣ûȺ֣Ҳܽá
п࣬ǿеŮҲ˵ˣǳڰռͨһħͷҲͷһ¶
ȵòͷֱ̽ץȻĴ֫ӲϹ
æٺˣҶһֻ鹬лһһ޴ͻأ绨ǰ
컯򸾡Ҷ֣һƵϷ֮С
鸮£һ߶񾵣Ҷȣֻ桢˷׷׳֣ڶ֮£뱬ȣȫΪʩչ߶񾵡
ֻ񾵹âţͻȻӿâһƲ񷣬Ȼȥ
֮кȻ̲ǧ׷ܺӴ󣬱ҶʩչǿΪעĿһ̨һ컯ɽԼҶ쾭ֻغǣ
˿ܹ߶ǧױƵ񾵣ȻҲܹݴ߶ߵķƳǧ׷ķʵ
ǾȻҷң
ʮͷãǧײһͨ
ͣ
ֱ֮ӱйأ֮ĵɽͳͳʧ
һ˲⵽Ҷ˵شŮɺƥͨͷŭһŮ鹬Ϸ۴ȨȻ£
ۣ
񾵾һζδ飬ɹ⻬ȡ˾ŮһΪƶɣ֤֮ĲкҲ޷򻵴顣
Ҷȴ⵽ɾĳǷ˷׷ƺһ̲ס˿Ѫ
Ҷ΢ֻ绨£֮Уǵ˲ⳡս
񾵵ҫⶴգ֮һо𣬼ǾҲ޷ȫˣش
Ȼֻǽ񾵴ߣ񾵵ȵ۱Ҫǿᣡ
ʵں£񾵵Ĺ±ɢҶˣЦҪˣûһܹӳҵģ
ڴ£ȻʣǵӺô󣡡
ҶֲסͻȻֻһֻһ޷Ĺѹ£̣һޱӴ״г֣˫Ŀͬ£עҶ˺;Ȼһ۾⻯
ףĴȨ
ž޴¶֮ɫ˫¶̰֮ɫ¡¡ǺЦһ¯۾Ǹ¯澵ӵأһ֤֮Ϣû뵽ξȻǬ
նֻֻ̽ס񷣬֮ϣ޹⣬ֻֻ֣ǾӴֻǰҲ΢С㡣
һֻץҶ˴߶񾵣һֻȴץȥ
Ҹо빬ǸϢѵ˵ǸѾɱˣ¡¡أ쳹ǿ֮һЩǳݣ
ŭ𣬴Ȩݺ£ʱֻһָͷ׳ʹŭһһȭݺ£Ӳ۴Ȩػɣ
ħ°˹Ǭǿ
ɫ䣬æȵǬǵ۾֮е۷ڣǽħʵĴڣУ
콨֮еĴ˽⣬֪Ǭ֮
Ҷԣһ񾵣¥컯򸾸վ¥֮ϣȫ߶¥ֻҶһκͱһ⣬ȻײǬĿռӡٶߣ

ת˲֮׷ϾɶΣֻŮ˿̱Ǭһȭ裬ץ۴Ȩţ¯ȴӰ
Ҷɷ˵¥¥֮Уǰȥȴһ޴ĺ¯ǰȻײȥȻǬһȭ¯ķ¯ɣ
Ҷոս¯ֻǬ۾Ĵֻȭͷݺٶ֮죬޴Ӷܣֻһһ𣬽ȫΪϤ¥֮У
ۣ
¥ֻײʱ죬鲼ѺۣҶ桢컯ֻһ޷ϮȻǵķѪ
ΰҲˣ
ֻȭͷָͷҲȻĸֻ֮࣬ʣһĴָѪڣ
ףȻҲһѷڵ۱رֵӵС
ǬֵֻֻĴĴָһҶ˰
¥壡طӳ
Ҷŭȣֻ¥֮Уȫӳ¥漴绨֣ӻзɳʮһһһҶڣͬӳ绨Ҳڡ
䣡
ҶϷڣͷǳ֣ʮɡֻתݣһȭشֻĴָӲ
ֻĴָ΢΢ͣ٣Ҷϻɳ漴ڣһ⣬ʧ
֤ķ
Ǹ޴׳һͣһ£ȥ׽ҶټȴҶӰ١
ķȴв֣ͬһ࣬ôᾫ֤ͨ


934 
شĵһħۣħ󼰵İҵΪͨ쳹أħ֮йһˣ
ķ֤ԪʼĶԪʼֹڴ죬ûܽеħԾɼΪɾ͵˺εȵľ磡
λķ֤ķȴûд£ֻֻ֤Ƭϵ
ħ޲Ѱţķ߾磬ϧûܹѰвɾ޵ǿߣͼЩƬݳ֤ţҲ޲ʧܶա
Ǭһָ֮ûɱҶλ棬̱ϳҶķΪأ֤ƣܲ𾪣
ħǿƥ֤ķţħսַŶκħ˵ҪǵõַţǬ۷۾ʵԿ֤սѾħʣΪħۣ
Թ޳֤ģֻҴĵһǿĴڣԪʼֹڴˣ
ǬĿգĴѰҶټȴʼ޷ѰҶ䣬ɴüͷ
˵ķķӦòͬһ֣Ҳ֤ͨȻδﵽ߳ɾͣҲǷͬСɣζҪŪ֣
Ͼǵ۾ܿҶǶ̶Ƭ֮̽УᵽҶķľ֮ķŽȻͬȻҲ֤ͨķȷྶͥ
ħһǿ׷ӦȴԶ羫ڴ˵أֻһ⻯ʵ࣬׷ɾҲѷɫ֪٣޷ǧգһ۱Ҷķλ
Сӣߵõ죡ģ·糯һսΧһǿߡ
һս۹ɻغͱƬºҲ֮Уеǿߣ֪۾⡣ǬҲսҶһ档
޲뿪֮ĹĴУȴһɹ˴Ҳ֮Ĺ˵Ѿʮİա
Ǭ˼޴׽ʧʶ֮ĹѾˣҲǲɡղҲ֤ͨķţȴԲѵ˵ҲŴ£ǰѰķš
ҶδԶвɴ𣺡ħѾ޳֤ĴͨˣѹԪʼУ
ԪʼǺεǿ󣬺ųƹһۣܹԽǿĴڣ̸ʱҲ˾
ܹԪʼĴڣ϶ͬСɡ
ҶԭΪԼǵһִ֤ͨˣû뵽صȴһִͨ
Ҳǵһ֤ˣ϶ǵһ֤ˣ
һϻָΪ޸ˣ뿪˵أĵղλǬ±֪ûԶŽ֮Ĺ˵ǰ֮ĹԸң
ҶȻߣ˲Ϣ֪صԼոսĵطԶӺХȣǳں
ҵֻ֤Ǹո𲽣δ⣬ܹõķ໥ӡ֤һҵ֤Բݳ֤Ǭǰȥһȥɣ
ҶγϷһ绨֣ż¥ͳͳųаǰȥض˵Ȧ֮УвСҪ
ǹһˣȥɣֵ»һҶжй˼ɡ
ܹʶȴڵķ˵һޱȵջҶһ֪ĸо
쾭һڹ¼ŵ֮;ϣûָ㣬û˽̵Ȼû˵Ծɸеޱȵļį
ͻȻƵĵ·εУһµĸдһִϲ޲λ۵á
֪
ܿܿУ׼˿־壬Ȼ֮УҶѾ񵱳Լ֪ζҪȥһ֮ĹλѾȥĹϴڣ˴˶Դļ⣬ϯس̸һ
Ҷʰ˽鹬漴˾ͷųʱѹŮȻȻռȴ֪һУ֪ԼȻ˯ǰ⼸λи쳣
Ҷֲֻᣬ컯ЦʲŲǶ˾Ůϡ
˾Ůʰ飬ΣЦδλЦˡ
ռʱΣԼع飬ʱشƼأвеȻǿסѾǰ벽۾ľ磬Ȼᱻ˴ˣ
ƣ빬ȾλΧĽҶ˴߶ɵ˺ĳɣǬһȭȥɵƻ
أȴδ˵ܿȬ
Ҷ˶ȴ岻ѣ˾ŮնŴһħ°˹֮һ빬۷ľ磬ҶӲƴãǱ·磬Ǭһսǻ۾Ҳֻˣ
޳ɵ۾֮󣬿϶۾֮ռһϯ֮أͬСɣ
ҶƬ̣ͻȻЦ˾ŮĶʼǸ󻼣мҲܻأвףҵİΣ֪ŮƵĽ֮
˾ŮɫȻ֪ҶԲԴʱ״̬صףң϶Դ󷢣ףֵ췭ظ
ҶЦûնֶΣŮȥ̫ȥѰ̫̫оɣҲɾ͵۾Ƕ˵ܹҳնֶΡ
˾Ů۾һЦ̫ҲŹĴϧԵһᣬ졭
ҶЦ޷컯涼̫սҪͷŮһȥ̫񸮣һ·ҲиӦ
ɫ죬Ҷ񣬲֪ΪҪԼ⼸λ뿪
λʦ֣뿪죬϶Ҫ⵽۾׷ɱڴ˵أʱҲǰȫ
ҶЦ鹬£ͷտһ˽֮󣬱ȥ̫ѰǣȻȥѰԪʼ֮أ˽֮ǳ
컯򸾶һۣѾûȰ˵Σأ鸮Сġ
ҶͷȡһЩ¥֮У绨鹬ƿأЦ͵۾ҲκңǴĵ۾ħԳ֣˭κεң
鸮Ĵֻϧ޳¯ʱʹá
˾ŮͻȻ¯֮У¯Ҷ񣬵¯֮Уþ֮¯Զصҵߡ
Ҷ¯ĿȥĬĬ㿪֤ͬУҲоįɡ


935 ̨
죬ԶŴʱЩ粻еĹ֮ءЩסڴ˵صĹɣɾͼ൱֤֮磡
ʱͬǲˣ޾ԪУ֤ɾ͵Ĺࡣ
Ԫޣۣ֤Ҳ࣬ȼ˶ѣɼԶʱľǺεȵĲʢ١
˷٣ԶŵͥҲʹ䣬಻ĴҲѾγ׵磬ؾ䣬ûܹǳ٣еЩ֤ҲС
ӺХҶϥ֮ϣȡеľ
ĵӿԪüϸɳǧ֦裬趯Ƭݣ֮ڴһľ硣
ԶŵششŲͬĹ򣬸ҶϸϸдƬصĴĵԼǰδĵԼǰδЩ쾭֮У֤ĵ
˴죬ز
ҪõĴƾڴ˲ɲɣҪʮ򣬲ſܽĵϤգȻûܹһʮꡣ
Ϊĵʮ죬ܹ֤Ĵڣһڶ࣡
ҶһʶƬص֮ԪʼҪϴȥ˵صħԣ˵ȥҲΪ˷˸֤ϧе裬ûܳɹ
һ߸Ӧشһ޲׺ӿĵԽԽ࣬Ƭΰݵĸо
һϺգ֮Уû֮ڣҶһ΢֤ӡһ֤ĸд
֮У·оأԼĵصĵ࣬ΰع棬ͬڣڶҲ࣡
֤ĸд֮֮˻ζ
ڴĴ֮Уȴ̲˿ֲޱȵħԺ͸־Զش˥ನ֤ĹɢָħԣȾƬأʱвᱻƬͬħ
Ҷͨʮӡʼ̨ö֣ħԲȾ
ͻȻоش֮һֲͬѰĲֲΪϤһּǿ·ڵȴĵ
͵ӣǸȥûãҶ񿴵һ޴ĵ̨ڴģΰ·档
̨һֱʣ׳ۻֺ꣬ԶԶһۣ𺳣
̨֮ϤĴϢȴ쳣ݻ֮
ѵ֮Ĺ
ҶĿ̨ȥͻȻһֻ̨֮һλڵӰĿ䣬ƺ̲ޱȹϵĲɣ
ͷӿһ޴Ĺ֡

·ƾʲôʲô
۾Ԫʼ
һصΰӰڵ̨ԣϷ裬ͬħĿ磬̨ϵԪʼɨȥ
Ϣޱȿ񱩣ԵµİһۣҶͷ𶯣ļ˵ӰϷڣ
Ҷ𶯣ͻȻľѳϻ𣬺ХԪ֮УüĹ⻪һԪϸ
̨֣·Ԫʼļ̨ѵ˵ڼȥ磿һ˭
Ҷ΢΢üǸڼ̨ԱߵӰһϤĸо·ҶһּΪصĸӦ
ϸϸζȻ
֮һصĸӦΪͬһ·֤ĵ·
񣡴˾еĵһħۣλ֤񣡡
Ҷ񳤳˿оЦ֮УʲôطԪʼļֵ̨طʺοﻹλڵΡ
𣬻һ⣬Ԫʼļ̨ȥ
λڵӰԼĴӡеĺۼ֪ǺѰ̨ʱ
Ԫʼڼ̨ϼԶʱǡǡ֮䣬϶һ춯صĴսһҶ񶼾˷ܲѡ
λϵǿڣڵ۾ʱĴսأǵֶΣºħۣҲﵽǸˮƽ
ܹʶĴսżҶҲһѵõĻᣬ۽ʶͬҲԴԼ֤ͨиһ⣡
ûãҶĿĵأƬΰ̨֮УһصʱգԶԶԿҪǧѣûΪʵ쵽
ԪʼĴӡ֮⣬µһӰͬ쳣ǿᣬԪʼ
˵Ӱڴ˵꣬Ϣȴ˿·ո뿪һ㡣
ϧλӦòͬһʱ䵽˵أȻûн֡
Ҷ̾˿кϣλڴӷĹоǴսһԼĦһ
ע⵽̨֮⣬ǿϢԶԶĹȴشеħ񣬹ʮ֮࣬ϢΪǿЩҶԼҪǿ࣬Ϊֲ
ǿħҲֻԶԶĦλϴµĴϢǰľʹ
ǲǲ̨Уۿ򣬶ԪʼĴӡκ˶ǰȥۿͶеħ˵ǲ̫ܡ
ΪЩħȡȾħԣԪʼĴӡᱻħԣϴȥһΪͨΪʧ
ԪʼͬСɣǿۣ۾µĴӡҲܿ⣡
˵ͬҲ̨֮ܽУΪȥԼӰ
ǰȥ϶ᱻµĴӡͬһΪľ飡
ʸܹģֻе۾ħǵȵǿߣҲҪ⵽λϴµӰϢѹòʧ
Ҷͣ漴һһֱ̨ȥ
ǰȥˡ
һͷβħͻȻҶӰЦСʵǲȴѰ·϶̣޾Ԩ֮У
Ǵеħ񣬵죬֪Ҫ
һĸߴ࣬ëһͷҰħԿЦСʱǴʬ壬ʬҲһ
ףСѾӽ̨ˣôûħ񾪲
Ҷ̨ԽԽֻֽȻͬĴͬʱѹת쾭𶯣ֻǿĴһӿһԪ񣬶ʱؼǧ
Źâͬһӹʱ߳ħһһħ֤ڣ˵ĸоޱ𺳣
һ̣Ҷڼ̨֮ϣԹǿλڡ


936 ͳ
Ҷվڼ̨֮ϣ̨Ԫʼĵ̨ѡĵصӦǴģǴصģļġ
̨·޾ԨԨ֮оʲôҶҲ޷塣
̨֮Զ濴ǰƽҶոоֲͬĴӡ̨ϳ嵴ݣ໥
ҶϢ룬ȴ˿Ҳûоִ֮Уִϡ
֤ĴӦϣԪӦԪʼʮ죬ԪʼĴˮ齻ڡ
ͬħĴڣĴĴм䡣
ԪʼӰվڼ̨룬죬ͷǧƣһ֣һֱ廳Ȼ
վڼ̨֮⣬ƺмڵϼ̨Ϸ裬䣬ɷԪʼƽȻ෴
Ԫʼ֣̬򷽣
Ҷ̧ͷһɵġ֣𶯣һ֣ƺ׷ױİԽоջԽ࣬·̲޾֪ʶ
ûж࿴ĿϣֻΪϵħȴû˿¶ͬһ塣
Ȼû˿Ĵ¶ȴһָĪɽֹĸо·Ǵؿ٣Գ硣
ԼΪ֤ڿٵأԳɡȻ˿ηףĽ£ȻҲһ֣
ҶͻȻĽ£Ȼһ⡱ּ֣Ѫ죬ȴѪдɣͬԼ
һ֣һ֣Ԫʼ񣬾ڸʲôã
ҶΧϴڵӰ߶ݣʱʱ̧ͷк͵µ֣΢΢üԶļԨͻȻһ𣬶ʱֵ֪ĺ壡
Ԫʼ֣ǼԶ磬ͬҲ죡ԼĴӡһ߷أ죡
ͷ𶯣Ԫʼֱ֮˷˼Ȼ㽫ޱΰؼ𡢼ʮ磡
֣ͬҲζǷסͬҲǷס죬Ԫʼ޷
˵λϴڵĳν£
Ҷϥ£ͷ
˵Ǹޱն֮أ˵ȴǼѵ֮أܹԪʼĴܹɢϢ֮Уᵽ֤ķɡ
Ԫʼص񣬶֮ţ׵ļ£ܹõڵ۾ʱĴҶ˵һѵõĻԵ
СôûԭСʬһˡ
ͷ׳ͷҰħϵëƵ̨Σޱȣǵ۾̨Ҳֶܼʱ䣬ᱻԪʼϢĥΪò˻ôСӷôãѵ˵ԪʼӰѾ˥ˡ⵹ǸˣСӣң
ڿն𣬺Х̨Ϸȥţеһ·̣Ϣ㶸ȻԪʼĴһӽΪԪʼµϢʼϴħԣΪΪٿк
⣡
ħһһͷصĺҰ˫ͦʣĿգڱ̣ڿأףӴͷȴһ˶ħͷǣתߣŭ뾻ӣûôף
ͻȻǸֹâţ⻪ͬˮǵذӿû
ģҪˡ
ħֹһ䣬ΪϤǵ⻪еϵףҲϤϴȥеħԣӿԨеȥ
Ҷ΢ϻһֻ̨ץȥͷħԨ̳ڼ̨ϣЦţͷʬ壬һ
ħŭӻû
һƴ㲻ˣҶЦ
ħͷ亹£ǿЦǿߣ˵Ͷˣ񰳱Ԫʼ϶µĹϴȥһħԣϴĸ棬ʹǰǣҶͬһսߵĴڣαɱ
ұʣͶ磬֪ˣһȥ׷βħе
ħͷŭĿӣȵСУʶʱΪܣֵ֣֮ƨʱ㱳ѣ룬һ㣡
׷βħŭеȥʣѿ
ЦСжټСæν֮Ĺûй㣬˵㾪ţһ㣬ˣ
׷βħԥһ£ֹ䡣
ߣԭǿ߽٣Ȼ̨
һޱǿħվϢţ䶯գɭȻ㱳ʣͶ磬ܲһӴڼ̨֮ϣῴ
ҪͷҰ
Ǹĸֵʬ壬

̨ܣһħվϢӿʱգ̨Χͳͳӡһɱڡ
⣬⣡
п࣬ĵǶǿ߷̾Ͷ֮ҲҪǳ׵׵ˡ
Ҷ΢Ȼֳһϻӳһ㽫ʱ֮У΢ЦȻͶңҵȻɱ㣬Ϊеһա
Ҷ磬ۿȥֻƵħƬʱ֮УһħɵɣÿһӵвѷΪв˾Ȼһ棬ӵȵͨ磬ǿ۾⣿ԣȵ۾Ҫǿᣡ
Ҷȡ΢ЦϴȥһħԣħѾΪȻϣڣרĿޣ֮ڱɻָΪɾ
ΨΨŵŵϥ£ȡеа쳣ԴˣΪƫƫģҪգ֪ƻǼһȥ̽̽·
ҶЦ֪֮Ĺ䣿
ҲæȻ֪֮Ĺδܹ򿪣ҲɣĪҲȤȥ֪ʴ˴Ҳ㿪֮ĹѰ֤ľϡ
Ҷͷ̨֮Ȼ̨֤ͨʱľ磬ֻǵ۾ľ磬֤ķŲֻѰ֮Ĺۼλʷǿħܳ˽Ź
Ԫʼ϶ԿΣֻ̨ǵһΣΡ
ੲݵȻͳҲûκεԪʼ϶
ͳҶȻʧЦ
ǴеĵһħȾħԣȻ˵ԼͳЦ
Ȼͳ
ɫǺ죬ɵ飬µɣǵһأµĹԪʼ֣˼ҶȻͳһ磬ΪΨһۣɲͳԪʼ磬Ǿص
ˣҶɫ࣬


937 ֤֮
ҶͻȻŭΨΨŵŵҼ˵ȥȴЩΪȻ磬ȻԪʼƫһЩ񰳼£Ҳ˵塭
Ҷɫ粻ͻȻ˿ĵ˵ĵȷЩſںԡԪʼ֣ȷΪͳ
ԪʼΪϵˣؼ䣬е˶ȻȻش֮ǰתΪԶͥһ˿
Ԫʼһβ׷ָԶͥ磬֮вûаԼףأָɵٹ⡣
ڱϣһλˣڹȥǳΪۣǴ磬ΪĶǻָȥ硣
ȴԶͥķϵĵһħ񣬶Թȥû˿ľһף
˵ͳΪе
ǰҶδ飬ֻȻΪԪʼͳҲͳͻȻѣжЩ޷ܡ
Ԫʼеĵһλף˵ԼͳҲжվסš
Ҷ뵽ȻԪʼĶǱ濴ô򵥣ǣͳ֮λǿޱȵĴڣûзֳʤһռ磬һռء
Щ
ڼ̨൱ڵ۾ʱԪʼͬʱΪҶٶȿ˺ֹһɣʮ
ӦĴĴĹ򣬻ԪʼʮĵҲͬʱϷḻ쾭
չ΢֤ӡ·ʱ޿̲֤֮Уǳ۾ľ磡
¥֮У컯͸֤֮ĲкѹζĲкҲڴҶܹоõһɹεĴӲк֮ɢ
ЩԪһϡϵĸо죬ǵľ
֤ĸоѵ۾ľ磬չʾѵ۾һǣ
ľ磡
ҶȻûϵԼȻܹڼ̨֮ϣľ磡
ǹۣҲδ˴ﵽ磬ȻΪ㶴쵽ҲҪľ磡
ͷеľڷԪ¥֮УϡԴԴ϶ĴȱΪøӾտ
ޱӴľ룬Ϊһǰδеٶȼȫڼ̨ϵд
طҶٶ죬Ҳ쵽̶ֳȣֻԪʼӰĵطŻ˾˵ٶȣ
ʵҲͻǣ¯֮н˾ŮǧԴ֮ȥԪ֮еĴʣԼ
ҶоԼԪ񣬾Կʼǵǿ߿⣬ҺܿᳬԽʼﵽĸ߶ȣ
ˣ֮صĴҲϲ׽ԼĴ
֤֮죬ÿһĻۣһ֤ʸԼҪ˲֪ٱ
䣡
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ҶҲûţһ߿޲׺һߵӿϼ¥
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޷߶ȴһ֤ϣǴ߶ЩεĴǵ۱׼Ҳ޷˵Ҷֺ
ͻȻеľɻɢ
Ҷ۾ֻڵĵҲﵽ͵㣬Ҳ޷ȡһֵĵϣ֮УҲҲ޷׽ĴĴ
ΪѾﵽٽ㣬ɾ۷棬ʹȥҲ̫
ص֮Уһأͬ޺紹£ϼ䣬շֻء
֤̲֮ĪܣȻΪҶ߶ȴ֤֮;࿲һݳ㡣
Ϊһ֤֮ʣҶ˵һˣδйĸ澳ֳɾͣԪʼλǿĴۣͬҲҪʰ·磡
Ҳûжٽ档
Ҷɨ¥ֻ¥лһӴƬȴǴ̲֮꣬ظӶľ۵ĶİѾﵽΪƿﵽ۷徳磬㽫еľϤգҲ˶Ϊֻ˷ѣȥ֮
ֻһӰԭأҶһģһȻĵӡڴ֮УޱȣԪʼУ
Ͽٵ֮УȻĿӡޱȵĿֲ֮С
ʲôط
Ԫʼ֮أԪʼĵطҲֹԪʼ֮أǴģ꣬δһڴ˵Լĺۼ
Թشе˲֪ʹھ֤֮ľ磬Ȼʵڼ̨ӡԼӰȴһ־ٶ
ǲܣǲҡ
ǺħۣħʣҲΪԼܹԪʼС
ǰλ꾹Ȼڴ˵ԼĴӡԼӰӡ̨֮ϣλޱȹϵĴڲУ
̫ˣȻΪԼܹλڲУѵҲһͳޱȺȻ
ҶΧƼ̨һܣ´ͷ̨ǸöԪʼҪڴ˼죬Ҳڴ˵ԼӰ֮⣬ҵӰֱǲؼңǰܻҵĴ¥𣡡
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Ҷһһȫ߶¥Ȼѹ£Ĵâ͵ʼס¥޷̨
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̨ȷйŹ֣
Ҷüͷʱ֪еԭίԪʼ̨غʹǽ̨ߣͬһߣ
Ŀǰʵȷ᲻죬߼̨ħʺʹеĵ۾ƴ
Ҷջ¥߼̨뷨һ̨뿪˵أĵѹƵסħʣ㽫ߣо


938 һ
̨֮⣬ЩػȴҶʮħѾȥ߰ˣʣħĿĿǰֻһʮΰ¥ڰ֮Уشںֵδ˷ӿ֣
ص׵Ԩ֮УҲӿ֪ٴĴһһԻΣ䣬˶ڣ̾һд룬ӣ⣬ÿһִĺۼΪ𵴣¹ţ
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̫ɫɱڣƳҶıӰһҪ֣ͻȻֻҶͷһֻ֮ڶһſǳȻ֣˶飬һϵ赲ǵȥ·
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Ҷɫأ֮ܵУһޱǿԵϢʧϢ˵ĸо·һٵصĹڻг˯ʱ
ŤʱպֹϢܹɼΪǺεǿ
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һħȴǸŮӣΪޣͷ죬һ˿ͬһƤʱŤһΪֲ
ƣȻһߴΰŻŤռ䣬ɭֲƺһ飬ҲҶһĸоȻĹŹأ
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ҶȻȸϴǧӡ۱ʵǺεǿ󣬾ȻĻᶼûУͻȻ䱻˻ɱ
ʲô˸ɵȸȰ벽۾
ӡ·һϷ裬һӵ취ħģͬһƪޱȵľģ嵴
۱Ȼֱ׷̫ӵ
ǧӡԽǿҶбԽǾ裬Ϊͨ쳹أʵĪ⣬ķĹ֮оʲôãûܹ˵ܲС£
ͻȻҶоһޱǿҵΣӿͷʱȫëը𣬳ȣӿһ̫쵲ǰ
أ
һֻ޴ȭͷȻһ̫ӡȻ飬ֻȭͷȻϹɣһȭرףٶȿ޷
һ̫ӡ飬ֻȭͷȻҶϣ
ۣ
ҶڴӴľ죬أ̧ͷ͵Ϯ˿ȥһ𣺡񡭡


942 ֱӴ
һȭεȰԵз¥ѹԪ߶¥ټ֤Сɣ϶ᱻһȭ򱬴飡
͵ϮҶˣʵѾڵ۾˲һȭȸֱ࣬ӽС
Ҷ񾭹ôʱĥΪʵ۽ʶͬҲԶǰ쾭ٽһøƣǴ֤֮ԣ֤ĸ磬ǵ۾Ҳһб㽫У
Ӳһла벽۾һȭ̧ͷǰϷ裬ħĸߴӰ
ǰһͭɫͭ翪ٵصħһ׳ӣͬҶ쾭λٵص̹һ㣬ޱΰϢޱȰԵ
񣡡
Ҷ˿ĵ֮Уħ񣬾üȥ
ħԪʼ̨ϵһģһͬϢͬƣΨһͬǣû֤ϡ
һ֤֮е۶ɵһ
ģ֤֮ŵĴ۾ϣ֤ͨ˵ֻһšѧֻ֤ͳķͳ
ӵ֤ĴͨʮһȭҶ޷£ᱻһȭһдɥ
Ĵ
Ҷ񳤳˿쾭תüѿֳϸռ䣬ֻ¥ԽԽСϸ֮УУѹ
ۣ
һͭӰ峺ڴ·һŻͻȻ򿪣ϢȻۺһ֡
ۣ
ֻӴľ첻ڶҶڣ·һŻȻϢޱȿֲޱȱ壬ޱȵĺӡѨëףѹԼϢ˿̶Ȼȫȫ㱼ͬһޱȹϵħ֤֮У
Ҫ֤ԪʼһѧĴҲҵȥ·

Ҷһŷһ̱ǰһȭһȭʮ죬ǧ磬ʮ˲ֻԼʮصĻֺΪֹǿһ֤֤ͨӵ쾡£
ϼ⡢֡㡢ࡢɽ¥졢⡢̡աȵ󣬴Ҷӿ
ޱ飬Ȼǰһһȭӭϡ
ֻһ죬ͬˣô˷ݣߵҲˣһ޴˻𣬺ХĻ˻ոУֻصľ첻һεˮ黯һſޱ˶һϵ׳Ƿ
Щ漴˵Ľನһſ飬գ۱㱻򱬲֪ٿǳ
һſ£ֻ֮ˮڶȥ
أأأ
֮ϣοƶ֣ûκʽ仯ȥȥǼ򵥵һȭȻ򵥣ȴµı仯֪شڼ򵥵һȭ֮У豹棡
ҶѪԽԽʢϼӿǧԽԽʢԽԽˣ֮ĹУӿƱؿԹâմ죬ͬ߿֮Ϊҫ۵գ쳹أţ
ⳡսÿ죬ȥҲ죬Ҷͽһ·ȭ︡ţƥֻһ죬Ӳ飬ϣڸΧڲݣ
Ҷһ֮пƮ죬Ƭ̣ƽϢ
۾һսĺͳͳȻĴ򱬣ȴЩδ
ʹסˣⳡսûκγĻᣬĴ㱻Ҷ򱬣ǿȵսȵ۾ѷҲȥԶ
ϣ飬һ޷Ĵ컯ֻҪЩϣ֤֮ŵķ£Ȼһ£æ
Ҷţ۾һսá
˵֤֮ŵķȻҲһ֤֮ʵۣ˵ûжôֻһսãջ
״вɴǽæһҶĵзɳһͷصĺҰͷ죬һʮƬɲ£æԼӴʮƬҲɼޣֻЩƮɢʧС
ϧϧôƬ̲صĴѶϢԽԱ֤ķţݳ߰˷֡ûȡЩƬǴһ컯
аҶ۲ѣҶĵ֮УѵϿŹҲһ֣õһ컯˻Ե޿꣬˵Գɾ͵۾
ҶĿֻһսʵԼִ࣬ԪϵĸӽܣԼľ磬ҲһЩͻƵƣ
ܹͻĹؿʶָտɴ
ٶսһͻƿ״̬
Ҷ˫Ŀ䣬գֻ֤֮е֮УһλΣȴûм·ѾϿҶΪʵطС
񣬳Ҵսһ
ҶƬ̣ĴеӵݣٳûлγɴεӰҲûг֡
ϧǿϧ
Ҷ֤֮ͣȥȸʱһֻ̽ʬĵʬټϴǧӡǧ編´ࡣ쵽ǺֻصĲϣȴû䡭
΢΢ü֤֮һ֤֮·һֻţ֤֮·ͷԱ֤֤֤֤
Ա֤򵥣ȫ˵֤֮ҪӣҪĲϸ޷͵Ķǵ۱
ֻغ֮⣬ҪһܹЩֻţǲĴͷ
ϴħʵĻʳʥ˵ܴչЩϡ
ҶĶɱħʵĻʳʥ̫У̫Ӿ׷ᡣ
棬ţǿô
֮ϣֻطɫޱأ鸮ȻĴ򱬣ʵʵǿ£ԭΪʵѾչֳû뵽ȻصôʵҵȲУҵȵȫҲδʤ
淨Ī΢ЦǺǵ˵ʵȷǿ˶ͨǱش˶ħɱ˶˵׾٣ֻطαس־Լ磿
ŷЦ˼ħҲЩɵܶԸСӣɱֻط㶯ֻ֣涯һָͷˡȲҪɱ̫ƴ֮
ֻطЦȴ¶˵ķͼɵ֮ɫȻħ˲ĴͨҲûаʤˡ


943 Ż
κν֤֮ŵˣҪ⵽֤֮ŵĿ飬Ҷ̫ӵҲСñͻȻֵУ﷭
Ǹ̫ͨӵ񳯰ħ̣ʵ֮ǿĵ۾ҲռѹԵƣ
Ȼ˿̣ҶѾĵڶλϵħȻҶһԼѵʱ⵽֪һλΧһһǿᣬһһѴ
Ҷ˵ֱϵ֮أһӽ
Ĵ֤ĴҶûаֵĿ㣬ֱӱ򱬡
ѧĴҶҲڵھŹԵھʱ⵽شƾ֤֤ͨҲ飡
ʹԼĵ̡
ҶãҲǲƲԪҲ֦Ҷ㣬ɥƼأȻǴɵ˺ۣĴԪ͵ºۼĥ޷пһӵ˿ڡ
һսνǧ࣬Ҷֶ¯۱еĵھ⣬˾Ů¯еķһڽĵھ򱬣
¯Ԫ񣡡
Ҷ񳤳˿ֻ¯֮У߷˾Ůڶʱ¯֮ʢǧ򱶣ԪĵϣĴ˺۷ˮ¯
ûãҶͬϴһ飬ϹޱȣԪҲʼ»ʣͳ
ǰ滹Ĵ϶ǿᣬұ㲻òʹȫ̾ˡţ
Ҷ¯һͻȻֻһĪĸдӿͷڴ𿪿ڽŵ
öһ֦趯ۼ
Ҳ΢Ц̽黨֮״ֻ˿˿ƵĵϴָӿԽԽܼƣһ꽿ε绨ã̲СԪʱա
黨΢Цֻ绨㣬һ㻨ΧɣѤޱȡ

еĻͬһϣڣʧ
Ѿдľ磬磬ɾôͻȻľ߳޷ɾ
Ҷ΢΢üղһľֻ֮һƶԽϾתΪƣɾ
ϧǣǲһߡ
ⲢΪϵĲ㣬ҶһƬеоΪѾﵽĸ߶ȣսսʤһĴľҲľ˵ɾ˳ˮۣˮɵ顣
ûгɾɼⲢǳĻϡ
ˣ֤֤Ȼս۹ˣ֤֤ûжĳڱ۷徳ϡ
ҶԪٿüģʧĵֻļ֤ܴ֤֤ͨͨ˳ɾ
üͷ֤֮ŵǰ·ϣ϶ĴȸղŸǿᣬν׶༪٣
Ǳҵ̾ʹȫҶ૵
û˿ԥǰȥ߶Ƚ䱸ԱʱֵܳĴսԤϵǣҶǰ߳ǧ֮أʼûһ
ڸŵϿգһصһִĺۼϿ̻һ׳ͼɽˮ·ֳ־޴ĻʣƲϼΪī֭Ũīزʣ֤֮ŵĸ߿ɽˮ󣬻ľޣһúɽ
ɽˮȻ֤֮УĴϤѹֳĴΪԱԱ֤һ
ͼͬīһ㣬ߣأκνǴ磬ѹλǿħۣѧĴܹһˣͶ֤Ĵڣ
Ҷ𶯣ǰȥһֱߵ֤֮ŵľͷ̧ͷȥֻɽˮͼλϡ
һΣһǰ
Ҷ񿴵ּϤڷɽϱһΣȴǡ½׻һΡǰǳͬһ֮֡
Ҳ˵أ
ҶмǺǺЦƺ׻ЩϴڶϲĴܣȻڸʤżԼġһΡ
ۻԼ֣ʱʱδƵۣûһս֪ʱʲôΪ
ҶĿϿտȥãֻ֤֮ŵϿϢ޾ĴϤѹ
ڴ˵ֻѾнʱ䣬˺嫵ܣʵ˿ɾη
ǿ߾ɾޣ۴˻صǿ߲С磡
۵Ѿǵ۾ľ磬Ѿӽ֤ıԵ֪Ƿߵ֮Ĺĺģλ񣿡
Ҷһ£ǰȥµԿԳƵƽǿĵ۱ۼԱ֤ͨһʱ
ܽ˻аһ˲챦ֻ۴Ȩֽ֤֮۱֮ױѹס˻һ
ϧǣ۵Ļѹ֤֮ţʱ޿̶ڸ֮УҪȡӵе۾۷۾ʵΪһҪ۵ķ
ȡ֮󣬻⵽֤֮֮У֪ĹҶʵĿǰ޷ֵֻ̾
͸һϲ⡣
Ҷ΢Цĵ֮Ĺ뿪ٿû㹻ʵȡ˻
ףʬǡ
Ҷ֤֮߳ţͻȻ֮һʬãʬᵱ֪Ǳ˭˻УȻ֮е
Ҷ񲢲İԹڳ֣֮ʬȷǳ
ΪʵȻûʵܹߵʬôڴ˵أ
ҶͻȻҵĽֻ˵һ죬ͬѪһȻѪһ˲ʢʵҲȻ
æǰȥֻͻȻȥˮǳϵ鲼գƴ
һϵӿУ·صĹ켣֮Ĺжȥ
һޱȺƴãϢ֮ĹһϵĴ˯ߣ
ˣ
һʱдҶѪʢҶ֤ͬ˲Ż
һǳҶĿȥֻЩǳɣӿʱյ֮ӣڶȥ
ԭ۾
ҶͻȻһϵĵ۾գϿһ֮УвҶˣһ߶۾Ժռ䣬һϵħ񿹺⣬ս죡
۾ô֮ĹƲѡ


944 ɲ
ҶѾʱ䲻磬˴μ۾Щˡĸо۾ǲ룬Ҷ㲻ö֪ˡ
۾뿪ǰأѵҲǵõħʿ֮ĹĹеϢҲǰˣ
Ҷһصħ񣬱ͬ뷨˾ħǷѾˣ˳ԼǷлԵλԪʼеǿߵĴУ޳֤
ֻû뵽ǣ۾λǿߣȻҲ֡
㡢աޣ۾ټϼλ۾ǹϵĴڡ
֮⣬̫˾ŮΪ۾֪ʱǶûնĶ
ʵ͵̣Զأκһ۾䣬һĪʧ۾أ֮ĹУڴˣʵ͵̱㽫
ң۾û㹻ʵܹ֮Ĺ԰ԼµͳͳҶͶ۾׷һ֮Ĺ
۾ħеǿ͵Ϯ䡣
۾ֵħ˭ѵħµİ˹֮֮һ
Ҷսȥֻ۾ħʵǿ󣬴˳ʮֱۣ˿ͷ­ȣͷĿͷ­ͷͷ泤ţԳһԴǹ졣
ӻǿ֮УͬҲħվ֮У߶Ϊӳħ
ħݼϣȴ׳ޱȣִ󿪴ϣԵޱȣħǿᣬ޳ɵ۾ᱻɱȵ۱һֲ
ֿȭӦս۾ϴڣԲͣ
۾Σգ֮ˮߣһſǳͻȻɳС֣Щǳ֮дʵħ֮ϣ
˿̻֮ƵÿһƶԺأһ£ǿ֮еǲƣǴĺۼ
λ۾ʵ統ΪϵĴڣ
ɲ
ҶĵУĿȥɲͳΣ˲ڰ˹֮Ужսǿû뵽Ҳˡ
أħԵ۾ĳνܹƵģǼΪ˲
ҶһЦܹõɲұˡ˵۾ҲҪ䡭
ɲ۾Ķ֣Ҳ࣬㲻һҶ۾ɲܾˣҶԿɳ֮һٻɱ۾
λ۾ӳʵǿҶʵԶԶ磬ܾ˵£ҶҲаոɵǣ
˸սֹ֪˵Щʲô
۾Ȼ鴫
ɲͻȻס֣˿ͷ­һ𿪿ڣ¡¡ǺЦʵٲαҪһҾʹ˰֣һ֮ͬ̽Ĺ֣һ׻
۾Ҳ֣ͣǺЦɲɱһ¸º˵ùȥ
˵ɱһˣһ˱ǣ
ɲЦִ֮̽ץһħץУַ̽۾ǰ۾㿴ҳΣ
ħɫ֣̿ʧУͶ㣬ȻñɱңӲ
ɲһɫġ
۾ǺһЦƣһƸ䣬Խ˴ûɢʬ޴棬ɲ˵Ȼˣұ̽һ֮̽Ĺ
ϲЦտƺȻǰĲ죬֪ѣ֮Ĺȥ
ҶĿ࣬˰β³һֻϺꡭ
۾ɲǼĽɫܹսɱڣǽң۾ΧɱλɴڵһսԼΧһսܴɼλϵĵ۾ʵˣ֪ȡԱ֮κԿɳ֮
ϣղһսɲδʹȫʵ
Сɲеͷôãǽ壬Ǹپصĺ֣ϴŵ֮Ĺջ񣬽ʬɱвֹһ۱֣Ľ߾ȫ۾²Ķ֡
Ҷ΢΢һͻȻ򣺡ղһսֻ۾Ҳûȫֻ֣Ϻ꣬ͬҲûжõ۱ôã֮ɲѷɫ
˵۾ɲĶ֣Ҷţ۾ϲвֹһ۱ƬһսУͳͳûг֣
ټ϶֮Ҫĵ̣Իɲ֮ϣ
ҶɫŹ֣ĵֻϺһ˵֮ĹƨƨߵܹɼҲһڷصĺ֣ٿķأɲ٣ֻ࣡
۾ó۴ȨرҶ񶼲оԾ
Ĵ۾㡢ޡաÿ˶ǼĻޱ֮ս϶һ
ҶɫأĵȻթʵ͵Ҫλ۾ʤһҲʤȯգ
λ֮ˮʵ̫ˣĿǰҶҲ͸λ۾еϵλİա
ԭΪԼ۾ڿǿŰӵĵ۾
ҶƲѣ³һ
ǰȥֻӻɴӣʻ֮Ĺ֮Ҷоڵشƺ⵽˺ܴѹƣ֮ĹѹҲԽǿƺصԭ״̬ɡ
ħǲѾʼѹƵڡ
δδ٣Ȼûʲôش
Ҳ˵֮ĹһжɣѹƵڵĴҲ޷߶κ׷޷ʹãױҲɥʧܣ
ϣϢ
λϵĴڣ꣬־춯صƣʵ˿η
Ҷ쾭Ǵӻ֮пٵأ֮ĹеĻɣ˵ͬҲζһĪĻ쾭ż洦
ˣѪʢ㣬սֲֿ֤
ͻȻҶ񿴵һããĺ֮Уͬһֱ֮ͨĹ
ǽ֮ĹǿߣĴٳ֮ͨĹǿߣе۾ۡħȴڣǴͨҶҲ˽֮ĹĵĿܣ
ڿԼĴˣ
Ҷѹ¼񣬴


945 Ĥ̥
Ҷ̤ͬһǰĵ·֮ϣصĵ֮ͨзڣǧ˰̬׳ʡ
Щ֮Ĺħۺ͵۾ٵͨӵǺޱߵķˣҲ⵽ѹƣƺʱܱ̮
ͣһԴЩУݳЩǿߵķ
Ҷ̧ͷͷֻ𶯣Ĵ༫࣬˹ǿ˵ǻ۽ᾧȻֹһλ۾ħĵ޸ͨĴ⡣
ͨʱܻᱻ֮ѹ֮Уɲһ顣
ûͣоЩǰµĴǼǰȥͨľͷһ޴壬ɴӱע֮С
ǰУûãߵͨľͷ
ˣ
ӺһҶѪ֤֮ͬй
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻǰͬδʱΣӻĺ֮ӣڵյ㣬γһ޴塣
֮д˵ͬһΪϵħ˯ʱܻһӤʱܵϺϢǹ죡
Ҷ΢΢ü˶ĺ֮򣬷·һޱ˶࣬һĤ̥ƺؼΪֲΪǿħ
شױԭޣڻ֮Уûκش׵ĹҲûУ
ͨҶֻǿĴڣȻᱻѹƣڻпֲǿԵ
ʬž޴ĺĤ̥У
ҶɫȻ쾭תǣ֮ӿڡ˵ֱϵʥأƶΪϸǣϧûв֤ĸ߾磬ʼ޷Ӵͻƣɾ
źĤ̥ӻ۶ɣǳ飬ԭĻɣ·Ǵδ٣ԻɻĤ̥еʱ㿪ٵصΣ
ԼĴĹŪⷬѵڶٵأԼݻµأΪصף
Ҷ͵һ֮󣬴ǰĲбԿȻľʹ˴ʧ
Ǻΰ׳ݻɾĵڶӻ֮µħµֻҪԼԴлڶڲ࣡
׳٣ֻ־쵱ص˴ֱʣݲóԼĵڶٺɣִء
ûֻأκҲ޷תڶô˿϶ԼܹҶ΢΢ü
鸮лǰ̽·û˿ôˡ
̫ӵȻЦˣ
ҶȻףֻ̫վڼϺХɳµħ죬ѤޱȣסǧĿռ䣬Ӵ˹ħž޴ĺĤ̥ǰҲԵüΪСͬһ㣡
̫Ӹ߰ޱȣӸ¸ҶΪħ֮ӣ񳯵̫ӣλǺε֮ߣǵ۾ҲҪ׳һ¡
УҶݵλȻͬһ㣬΢Сÿ
鸮֮㵽ڣҪ汾·֮ĹʬǰôҲûˡ
̫΢ЦҶ֣ž޴ĺĤ̥һʧҸǱǽ˵ء֣ڵĴô޷ʹˣħһ֮
ڱȣֻ֮ʥ֮Уħ׷ŭֵ˲ʥ֮зɳӳ̫ӵΪ˲Ϣ֮ƿĤ̥ѹƣϢڽڱǣһ˲佫Ϊ۾ĲΣ
Ȼľ۷壬Ѿ۾
ſʱգʥܣȻԿĤ̥ѹȣʵ˲
鸮֮أ
̫ӹЦµļХ֮УͬҲӳΪһ֣
һսֻжҵĵˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦϴħʵ񳯲ƸЩڴ
Ĥ̥ͻȻһ˻ֻһħХӻ֮зɳһײڰգ㶸Ȼķѣͬһͷķɣֱӽ

̫ӴһæֹͣƽҶ֪ʲôеħ񣬺Ȼħ°˹֮е֪Ĥ̥еʲôУķѣ
ҶһɫޱأĤ̥֮оԲֹЩǰѰұĸ֣϶в֪ĴڣԻɱ۾Ĵڣ
۾Ǻεǿ۷۾Ժӣΰ׳ĴӴӴߣ
Ǻεǿܣ֮УΨۼѹƵ۾һõ۾һ۾˻УҶЩľ
ʲôѵػԼĹħ񣿡
Ҷ漴ַԼĿܣûħܹôáˣ
оʱ֪źĤ̥֮еʲôҵ쾭ݻأ֮ȻħֻҪҵĴ̴棬Щħ㲻ĴƱҲݻħػԼʬ
̫ҲǴˣҲ֤ĴħػƬϿռ䣬ô˵رΣأвһ
ҲһĪĻܻһħ֮Բ׽֤ķ
ܹôòôҸһҲţ
̫۾һЦǰŸʣҶ΢ЦҸڣ֮ĹУ鸮ûдڵıҪˣ
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֮ܿбϴͬһ飬͸
Ҷ㣬ͻȻƳյһޱȾ޴ı⣬ķԵüΪڲͬ
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Ҷһħͬһˮƽܵõħʵı⣬ڵõһ۵ı⣡
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950 ֤ʱ
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ħʵںĤ̥֮УֻǸӦ̫֮Žһɺ嫵ķʥ֮в鿴
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Уֻݴһ̿գٿŴ֮Уһŭ˶ͷ­ҲĤ̥
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951 ħʵ
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ϲɣĤ̥𶯲ݣҶһֻһֲã޼ʵħԴӺĤ̥ħںĤ̥֮жϯɫѪɫĺ۾ں֮ݻļ£˲һɴֲ
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ҶĿЩǿ뿪ĵħ֤ҲӦþȥλ֤Ĵڷ֣޷δ֤ҲδԲ
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Ҷ𶯣ĸӦһ˲ﵽ㣬ڵѪһʢ˲֪ٱͷһأ䣬ţҡҷˣȻӺ֮Ȼ֦룬Ȼ趯Ѫ¥ӣħֻ֮ţ󣬵
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΢΢һЦ޲ҪֻҪõ֤ķţ㽻㣬Σ


952 
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ҶȻʧЦǰȥʱ£ˡֱԣ֤֮ڱУʵǲˡС޷Ӧ
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Ҷͷ¥ֻЩϣ׷ӿ¥֮Уѹ
Щ֮У֤֮УԱַ֤ţ֪ʶѶϢЩϣԽ֤֮ݣϤ
Ǽڴ׷ңҶ֤֮߳ţųѯʵ
ϣѾϴȥħԣϴĸ棬λڴ㣿ҪΪۣ¸ǰ;
ҶȻʧЦҡͷۣڻֻǰ벽ΪۣҲǵ۾Ϊ˵Щ̫ô˵޳ɵ۾˵۵ıˡȻ׷ңôұ㲻㡣
Ȼ˺񷣬һ뿪죬ǰ硣
֪̫Ͷ˾Ůˣûгɾ͵۾ʽַʲô仯
֮Ҷһп磬½Ͻĵһվ鹬ԭַ֮У֮ĴССΪӣҲʮ̫˶Ǿǿߣ֮⣬кңҲ˲õĴСʥǣСԼ쳯
Ҷ磬Ӵɨմأ֮أȴûпսľ󣬷ھʥ֮Уһߴ񣬹ȴǵۻ
ѵۻѾͳһ˾磿
Ҷ΢΢üȻۻ½Ĺ֤֮ǹ¼ﵽ߳ɾͣ
ۻͳ˾죬ôһﵽ۾ĳɾͣͳξ磬ΪֱۣԹ֤Ϊ
ۻ۲СǸɫ
ҶͻȻоʮ޾ս⣬Ӿ봫Щս⼫Ϊǿܴ
ʮս⣬ǲǿǹɣѷң
Ҷգ͵һؿռ䣬ֱսⱬ֮أһ
˾ǲھͳλڴ˵£磬ҲƵĻ
˵Ӧɵ۾ͳξΪΧɱɴڣ۾Ѿ䣬໥ǣƣ໥ԿΡ
˿̾⣬սƮչΧƻֺȻǵۻΧ
һսѿȺ׹䣬ȻȲϳһսǰ׳ۣҲǷͬСɣ˵ЩΪһս
ҲиԵھ̫˷׷׳ս񷣬ɨȺǣʥʴ䣬Ѫ񷡣
ЩǰҪǿ࣬Ȼ֮սҲԾͬĶֽսԭѾͣ͵Ϊо
ܹˣǴˣֻǳ״ٳ֣Ҳƴ֤ԼΪʵĻᣬȻҲûͻƵĶͽ˴˶Դļ⡣
ۻҲѳ֣ʵȳһսʱֲ˲֪ٱɣе۱Ϣϴʮؽֻζ¼򷨲֣ȻѾ˵ı⣬õ෵ĴУ
ʵʮֻҪֲΧռ˾ԵϷ硣
ۻδͳ죬δɾ͵۾
Ҷ˿ԵۻȻҲΪɵۻ۵ٶһֱΪˣҶҪ죬Ҫ֪Ҷƴ벽ľ硣
£Ĺ̥ƴԪڶ̶̵Ķʱ޳ѾºУҶٶȱҪ졣
ڵۻۣǱ̬еı̬ҶҲҪĿ
ǽսܣЩȻͳξ죬ɾ͵۾ټ丸ıΪ̣Կ˵ҶľУ
۾ա㡢޵ˣȻɾ͵۾ΪԼƽһУȻֹս˵ۻ۾ͳһ졣Ҫɾ͵۾ء
Ҷո뵽ͻȻֻѿֻǧ֮ӿ£󣬲ϼ裬Ʒħ֣ͬ¡¡λѾΣİΣҼүϣǵͣΣ
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۾ħɳҲͣս鸮ѾأıɱҾĹСλס֣ĺⲣ
ҶĿ࣬һŭ𣺡̵ģǲõۻͳһ죬Ϊ۾ôֳҵͷˣ
ۻҲǲȻŭ֪۾Ĵ㣬޷ǵԼܾ˳ɾ͵۾ǰٰӣڲҶֻǵĽڶѣ
£۾Ƭ̡
ۻͲסҪ۾֣æǰĿһߣ㲻ͳһ죬Ҳ³ɾ͵۾


958 ֤۾
ۻоһмӣ֪ǴŮԼܹĳɾֻͣ»½磬޷ͳһǧ硣
յ۾۾ƻɾ͵۾ĻᣬҲȥ
΢չ콫
ɾ͵۾ۻȴЩ۾໥һۣĵ
ȴڴʱͻȻ֮ϴһֺƴ𶯣죬ϴֻ֮ϣһ컨׹ӿ֣Ŵֵֻľ·ľ硣
Ƿ׷µ컨Ҳޱȴޱȴɣ̲˿˿ƵĴΪͻͽ
ͻƳΪ۾ˣ
һ̣۾ԼĴյ۾۾۾ɫ΢䣬ͻƵ۾õͬʱ
۾Ϊλѹϧӵۻֹۣͳһɾ͵۾Ϊıǽ۵ѡ֮С
û뵽ǰٰƣȴ˳ɾ͵۾õͬƽ׶һ֣
Ծ֮⣬Ī̫
۾գۼ뵽ֻ̫ĵ̣ܹڶ̶ʱڳɾ͵۾
۾Ȼо̫̫֮飬Ҳһ֤ķ֤С
ոճɾ͵۾ȣ鸮鸮鹬̫֮УҪɣ̫񸮣鸮
ܱƵŵԣʶλ
۾Ȼ֪֮أȴͨټǰ̫ʦӵۻͳһ磬õۻ޷޳ɵ۾ֻԼħϾۻδɾ͵۾ֵ
˿ȴ̫ɾ͵۾ͬСɣ鸮֣컯λǿߣѶԸǲòԶǰ̫񸮡
۾ոնͻȻ֮һִ𶯴磡
ţմ컨컨ȴ̫ɾ͵۾ʱͬǴɣ¯࣬Ȼ𣬵Уȴо˿
磬ͬеʥ۱ͳͳ
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ͣ½Ųĵףҵļֻ۾һμΪңԶľ룬ǰμ˾ŮͻƵ۾ʧܣѾˣѵ˵û̫֣˫˫ɾ͵۾
۾Ȼ̣ȴǼһģһ̫񸮶ȥĵλ½۾֣ΪԵֵңСˡǶ̫񸮣ȥôôǣ
ۻҲһ۾˿Ҳ¼ɾ͵۾ˡɶ񣡡
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ۻ΢΢ü鸮ᣬ޵õⳡ컯
鸮۾϶ҪȥѰĻԹ˲Ͼʱ˼׻磿
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ڵ֮ݻһʱ䱦֮һʮ¥ڿգ̫֮ϣ¥к뵣߳ʮеͬ٣еǵظޣԿڽغ𶯡
̫۾˾۾֮ԽԽ΢Ƭ̣ͳͳͣ£Ҷ̳
ȻҶľǵ࣬ҶĵЩǻҪδţδҲд


959 ̫
ҶĴԿ̳֮ƺƵ̫κ˶ޱȵڶСĲ쾭ְ壬Լ˴ش֮е֤֤Ա֤Ĵͨ
д֤֮δٵĺɴħʮǧҶһһš
ЩҶҲǸոսӴ
ⷬνǰ֮׷Ѱ̫֮۾˾۾Ҳջ񣬴ҶĽ֮У֤֮
鸮ֵ𶯸ǡᣬǶҶܣķҲҶŶٵĹϵ˴Ҷѵÿ̳Ƕ˵֮֮ҲԶˣ
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ûãͻȻһƵĴϷڣһһתΪƣȻҶĽһٿһؿɾ
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컯򸾵Ҳã΢Цö
Ҷ԰벽Ϊ磬̳Ȼʹô֣۾ͻԭľ磬ֻ˵һ
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ҶԼҲͻƵƣ˴νһ߲һԼҲ֮У˴εջԼǰļ⽥ڻͨһ¯
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Ҽүǰݷ̫۾˾۾λһᡣ
յ۾Խ٣λ۾̸

˾۾̫۾һۣ裬Ŀ̫⿴ȥֻ㡢ޡλ۾µ桢ʥʣ뽵̫֮⣬裬Ʒ̳һԣȺ۾Ľ١
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ŷڰ֮ͬŽĴ죬ʱʱŷһɹǿĲţ໥ܻ֮ҪǿἸ֣
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̫۾̾˿һָɼԭΡ
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΢ӭǰ΢ЦʷʤдʧȻܡ
˾۾Ϸڣֳףأһ¯¯ܣ߷󣬲õڻĺúõģڰŻɽʦ֪ɣ鸮ͷ֪ͨ۾Īʦû£֪Ǻξģ
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ʦ֣е̣СҲС
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̱Ͼֻǵ̣ΪɳãǰҶΪҲֻܼһӵʱ䡣
ΪʵǣԾĴ߶ЩƣԽ¥ϵϣһ۾ķѹ۾
ӴķҶоԼԴ߶۴ȨĴ
۾ĿһһЩԥɡ
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СӣһոսȻô֣ԱƵҵ̾ʵ꣬ĵôܿҲ
۾۽ǼͻȻһɫǺЦ鸮ұ֮αҪֳ£ְɡ
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ͻȻӽԾսȦһֻ̫еĸֺħ׷׷Ժ޽ʮȺ֮УǺЦ۾ԭ޶⣬ֻҪλʦʦдһΪʶܹͽ⣬ȻǺ¡
赭д·ǰĶսŵĺԣֻһЦѣ̫۾˽һЦŴ֣˱˴˶Էĺ
Ҷ֪Ϊ⣬Цʦ壬Сյ۾Ժ̴ͣ¡
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˭Сǣ֮սУ϶ҪԸ
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Ҷüչħ֣ҶĳƤǣҲҪƴͼ֮Уħ̤Ҿ硣ǼȥħԿɳ֮
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۾ħ֤ȷҾ֮ħ֣һУҲҪƴһ
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һЦ»һǵ۾ͳһ磬Щ˵ȥɣ
յ۾һԱ֮ۻ۵۾еͳ˧һΣʵЩǿˣһ⸶صѹλῡܣһʧ
ҶЦеұȻӦòͿ࣬ϹᣬѡҶĳг֮ģԸΪͿأ
յ۾ɫһڣ֪˵ʲôǺãдŭƤģûмƤôģҲֱ׳
ǺһЦ˼˸жȻˣͳ˧죬֮
ҶһݣֻϺ꣡
Ϸ֮䣬ǳΪ֮ᱻ۾յ۾롣
飬ȻǿҶ̣⣡
ҶǰĲã̫۾˾۾λԼõĵ۾һĴԼռݶF죬̫顢˾໥ӦΪͬˣͬԿ۾
ۻռ죬Ҳ˴ţγһ
Ҷͳ죬ʱܻ⵽۾ʹյ۾Χۻ˵Ͻͣ
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967 
Ҷ񡢵ۻۡ㡢޵ȵ۾໥Ƥ˴ʱ䣬ڽ̻ϡ
㡢ޡ۾ͳ졢죬̫顢˾ۻۡҶͳ졢졢졢졣
Ŵ֮Уֻʣ¶F졢ûе۾ǿͳ˧
羭һսҲӢ۱ʱʢ֮ʱȣһμĲࡣ
֮սζȺ۲һſͬҪδͥռһϯ֮أҶǴޡ㡢۾ѾһΣȴûгɹ
δиǿ߳۾֪ƲֹŹ󷽣Ҷͳһ硣
ҶЩ磬ҶȻѹ켺Щеǿûгͷ֮գڵ磬˳ɾ͵۾ǸԼǿСһҲͲҪ۾ĴæžȻˡ
Ȼ˲⣬Ҳ޿κΡ
ҶЩ½۾ʵѾƽƽȻҪǲݵλѹһսκ˶䵽ô
οδħ֤ϢʵھˣݲĹʵ͵Ϯħ֣ǱΣ֮С
۾ۻ۸ȥĿסյ۾ıӰͻȻյ۾ʦ֮һ죬һ㡣
յ۾΢΢һ٣Цһ֮У棬ܹίʵףǺúϧڵӡʦ֡ʦҲ뵽Ǵδս֮УǼ²ţΪܹס㣿
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۾Ҷ쳣²ţ۾ȷ֣Ծ󻼣ҶӲҶ
̫УҶ̫顢˾桢컯򸾸̸
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ҶҲ˵ĵã򣬽ľֹһ֡
˾۾ĿҶϣͻȻ΢΢ü֤ֻһ㣬ΪΣݣһֻ½ն޷ݣɾ͵۾ֻĶѡ
Ҷ΢΢һҲ뵽Լ֤ݣѾ֮Уȷ޷ն
̫۾ͷʲҲһ㡣
ǶѾɾ͵۾ն棬ϸϸĦҶ֤̲֤֮֮еı׶ˣ̲סѡ
˾۾Цصģҹ۵ۻҲδն棬Ҳ޳˵۾ۻ۽˵ܽ⡣
Ҷҡͷҵĵ·ۻ۲ͬɾ͵۾֮ʺҡ
ҶҲ½Ź˽֪ۻƶǹ£ȻնԳɾ͵۾
˵ۻ۳ɾ͵۾ľ飬ûκν壬Ҫɾ͵۾֮ҪҶŬ
컯ٳ̫ʦ֣Ǿʹ˱ա
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ҶͷĿλŮ۾ȥ̫۾ҲĵΪ̫񸮣ǺЦҲ׼磬Ҫ߶
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Ҷ̫ͣ۾ԶŴһ컯򸾵һ죬ֱȥ
۾ݣ粻ĵĹء
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ҶЦŪЩСֶΣѵȴ֮áңҲʡȥһ鷳
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ͷ㡢ա۾ǽʱ֮ӳ֣ǵʵⱾĪĵ̡
ټϸԴܲĶ
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Цһ֮ɱЩϳƵǲòв͵ɱЧȣ
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컯üЩ۾˶ȻѰɸԤʱһǷǡ
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һ𣬴ϣһϣӡգ⣬գӳյһƬҹҲͨ磡
֮Уһִ֮ҶԻγɵĴմһУմķ
һȽȽڿգҲһУڽɴ
ֻҶʮ׷ڿգʮ˲ħҲڿգħԡ
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Щ쳣ÿһֶνǵۼķκһڶУ̲סȥоеİ
ƵѪǣÿǴʱ򣬽㶸ȻС΢ɲ顣

ڰͲסɳԼĵλȻֶθ۾յ۾ѹ֮λá˵λ۾ԸǸһҲ˲ôˡ
ͻȻо֮УһɹǿϢȻҲڶǰ
ˣ桢ʥʣ֮Ҳȥ׷׶ǰȥ
ϵֻ桢ʥʣüһã׷ϥ£̬ʱʱ¶Ļϲ
ͨҲˣϡ£϶ȻҲˣ
һæҸϯλ£аڣһﾹȻǰ棬ﲻĻǰıˡ


968 һͳ
ܹһλԲһС飬ζſԸеĸܴϢֵø͸ʤһ
ıֻڿϯλϣû˵ڴ˷ǰŵϯλΪԻ᷸ŭᱻ汩ʹһ١
û˸ڵ档
ϵĸԽԽ࣬ʥʼϵͳͳϵв·ϡ
Ҷ̳ɵĺ䶯˵ǰδУǰδ
죬յ۾ɫ̧ͷϿյķγɵĴŭ
ʦ֣αضŭ
ͻȻ۾ֻѿ۾һڴյ۾󣬵˴ԼĴȻȥǵСıҶԣûܹסֻΪ԰ѡ
յ۾ɫָ糣ת˴ȴʧˣЩвмΪΪȴǰ̫ѷɫһ߶ѣҲʶ۾Ǵ˶ͻƣɾ͵۾ֻһλ֣
۾ǺЦȷˡң˾ٻǻᣬ˽⵽ķȷǿᣬʮĻۣ̾ĻҲʤɼ˵ãķǾˡѾʮǰִϤӡоķеİأԼƽ֮
յ۾оһţо裬۾˾ٿ²ֹΪ˵ϤҶķеİأҪ֪ķ뷨Сյ۾ķ۾֪ķҲп֮
۾˵⻰ΪôĴη壬Լλս֮
澭֮⣬һķķΪڣΧɱյ۾յĻǣõ澭Ӵ˱ֻǰʩչ֪ķİء
֪֪˷ܰսʤСܶлʦָ㡣
յ۾ޱ飬漴㲦ʮ棬ЩǱ磬ȥȻͽЩȻԿɳ֮
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Ҷν˰ʱ䣬ֵһнû˿ģ˵컨׹ӿǧν˱Ǯ
컯鸮࣬Щǰ桢ʥҲջвʥֱͻƣɾ棡
ЩΪۣһϢҲȴǰӸĪ⣬Ϊľо
ҶļʶѾ۾УǵĴҵ֮ˣһոսЩ
㡢Ǳ˵صǽλ棬ҲһִϤ£⡣
Ҷ۾һֻۣ˸ϵ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǺЦλ֪ʣаοȻˣλͳͳҵ°ա
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ͬʱһϣԽԽû˾쵽ͻ䣬ֻʮԡ
ֻԽԽСһƲƣͬƮ磬ϤҶԺƮ
ҶƣԺ󽲵֮ɺݣִ
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ĺҶҲѹסˣȻԴҶ磬ѳȥЩʥʡ˿̶֮УһгӶ
οмλϧѵõĻᣬԸ뿪ƾǼˣҲӳҶģҶƿٵֳĶҶ׾ٱԽѹǴǿߣҲӳҶĵϣ
쳣ҶΪƣΪ꣬һٽʮǧƵ桢ƵʥͳͳԼԺ֮УЩǿһ򾡣ͳͳһֱּ֮ʣԣ
ЩǿߣӴ˳ΪҶһ̣ʵٴδ
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磬յ۾۾ɫ࣬ǻȻûϵҶȻֶΣһٽǿ߽λ۾շǧǧ꣬Ž˵ͳһҶȴǰǰֻ˰Ĺ⾰
ʮ棬ֻҲȥ޻ˡ
۾ĴԽԽߵ¹Ȼˮ©Կɳ֮ѹħʶҪ㡣αǱԸƿա
յ۾ɫҶĶǣһͿأֻǰȥֻ֪Ҷ
Ҷշĸǿߣµ۾΢¥ֻ¥ԽԽ󣬹أȻһ֣¥ӿһɽʥسǹǳӴ󺣣¥£飬Ҳһ¥ндء󺺡Ƶȵȹȣ
Щ׻񣬵ۻ۳ɾ͵۾ʱҶ׻飬ͳͳ˵Լ¥֮У˿ѾҶͳһȻӦЩϢ
Ҷ¥ĪͻȻסǺͷ֣Цˣȥһա


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ʮʱɾ׻ʣǰ磬ʮһȥǰʮˡ
ҶλǶУǰػʹĵ뿪꣬ҶҶոճȻһΣûдñ㽫Ǻһӵ硭
ԼĶŮҶΪҶҶҲʮˣȻʿ˵ʮʱ䲢޳׻ʣԪշҶȴ֪Լ˰Ůɳʱ⡣
Ķ̫̫ǿ˲Ҿ׻ģȻԼķϾԼ
ɨƽ磬Ϊ֮ĶָŶ˼
ɾ͵۾ҪնԼ棬Լͳͳնشݣֻ֮ǡ
Ҷ񣺡ôá
׻˵׻ĸʥأȪħڡ¹šȵȣҲͳͳۻһƬ׵ء
Ҷ¥еЩ㵹󣬱ͬ׻ԭⲻİ˵֮һ㣬ɣɣֻǻһء
Щʥ֮˿Ҳ뿪ԷԼʥأһ
ػʹϿգһͷ˶İ±ʯ϶ԼĴоʳǣɭϡͷੲݣǾ˵ͣü۹۱Ǳǹģš
ʹ֮УһλۻģӶͥ·Ⱥüһá
Ҷеۻ֮࣬лŭЩ꾭ӪнҶȽɢǴƶ֮ң˴ƽͣҪͷ¶ɵһ棬ҶȴױɻʵȻϴвͬ
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УҶͻȻ̧ͷϷ΢΢֡
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ҶһΧҶǰ񣬰ݼס
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ǰһţЦʦཻ֣꣬ԭСܲӦֳ֣ҸΪ֮󣬿ɲܹСܣ


971 ֻ
⵽شֻһɹ˥ϸ֮УʴΪԪ꣬ԪţƸã꼸ʴĻɢ֪Լ޷һҡ
Ц߶ѹ£飬ͻȻ´󳪣½ķ裬һ칦³ߣһã֮ϣʱ÷飡
䣬ϢˣȻصĵ۾ᡣ
칦³߻ɱ񣬺Хأֻʮ˵תѹ³ڽ֮Уۻ߳գϢۻ룬ѷڴյ۾۾ǵǿߣȻʱͳһ죬ΪʵһηԾЦЦ޵ĵɱˣҲ̫ˡ
ۻ۵۾ã
ĿһݣЦҲйڣҲ֣ͬˣҹƽһսشͳ
ۻŶһЦ޴ɱѵ׵ıҹȥ
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΢΢һЦĿ죬һ޴ʮƷ̨ȽȽ̨֮һõԲʯһֻɬڱ
ʯ˵תһȦͻȻֻдӿз󳪣䶯죬ӱԾһУźХأ
ۻۣ͵Ϯң
ʵһҲ˿䣬ΪŭЦҹĴսһ㿴ҿ㣿

ۻͫ׼СɫأӶԷİ෵ѪУйʮ֤֮ļء
ǷһλѹʵĴƶɣۺԶͥ챦ֻض͵ıλ翪սʱۡ
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ЦԸһλҲ˵һѻˣվǰʸûУǵһۻۣΣ
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̾˿ϧԭһɱ㣬㲻ʶ̧١
ۻͻȻһ˿ף칦³߹âţ˵һɨȥֻѿһֻŨħԣݺ칦³ײֲʱգֵֻ˱Ƴգ
ۻ۵һĿһ̧ͷ쳣ħɫȻ㵽Ǻˣ
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ۺȻתαһƻȥش飬ĩսۻ۹ȥͬʱǬҲȻ𣬼лۻۣ
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ЦƳ֧ţһֻצ̽£鲻֪پޣץͷ­
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үһϲ

ʧɫȻһᣬźȻײХסң
ֻȭһźȻ飬漴һʱҽУεθ˳ŭбɱң
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ֻ֮ѿһ޴ֻпٵ磬ֻ֮Ťʱգ΢΢һת㼸ĻǴڳ
СΪ֮޵Ϊ̫Ҷˣ̫ݡҪȻ


972 ۸
ޱӴֻش˿δȫƳɹֻһ桢ʥվֻ֮ϣΪϴױв֪ʥϺֻأñ
һۡޣбشƣ֮С
Ȼֻƻֺ꣬ȴãҪԵưһЩǧٿףƺҶֻʱû
۾ֱˣҶֻȻδɣ㱻˳֪ôĵ
һƵҲԿ֤֮
ȻʧЦҲ֪̫ţǻͷ
δ䣬ֻֻغȻתʱһĪ״ӿ·ЩʧԶŵĹϴչ
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ڱеֱ꣬ӱֻشгֻ֮С
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뵽ǵҲ뵽
ǷʮһѼֻƬеľ壬뵱ϵ׷ݣֵõԶŴʱͥرۺޱȵķ𷨵̣Ƴ֤֮޵У۶Щ
еֻذ壬Ҷȣȴѷɫ࣬ټ֤֮Ѿ𣬶ҵ޷ȫűҶ׳꣡
䣡
ȫΪޱţ˶˾ŮЦڿԳˣձڣ
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֮ҶĴЦ񱾸ڱչ֮УϾƽϣ
ɫһȴڴʱֻ˶ֻؾȻϣѹѣŬȥ
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Ŀһߵߵÿ죡Ҳãɱۻۣ
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δ䣬ͻȻһɽ޽Ӻٴλɣ

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⣡߸һ˵ǿڣƤҲҪһҪΧǵһҲ壬֣ұ㲻ˣٲߣֻҲҪ浱
Ǭ֣Ȼץ䣬һԾǵţͳһ˴죬ħ٣úõĻһǣ
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ǬЦȻ̧֣ݺҶȥܾˣǰҲҪɱ㣡
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Ҷʮ˲ʮħһһּ̳һɭɭĹ飬ͬ߶һ˴ʣ紪һʹ£


973 թ
ǬëȻйٱ۱סĻǣȻܽĻǳ⣬ȴжԿҶ۴Ȩ
йٱ۱İеһ淨֣֮ǣа죬˷ʤҲ۱Ϊɵ
淨֣֮ûжв淨ֻ޷һʶ۷۾ҶУвˣ
ҶΪ淨֪߳٣߶ȻܽĻǺԪһʹʱס
ﶼһ׶ˣǾǱ֪ԷգҪ벻Զź֡
ǬȹΪʱ̫ãԼѾֻ֪֪ĵλǬ
ҶλǷö֮˱ֻƺΪ˻ֱʮȥ֪ʵ
ǬǺεȹϣͬһʱħ󲿷ѾȥǴҲ֪ʵ
ҶȻд䣬ͼԪͻһʹܲ𾪣
ѵǴǸͽ
Ǭŭ𣬽ѹǣŴµ۴ȨͷƤ飺ʱж̣֪ҵ䣡
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Ҷγɵؿռ֮Уʮ˲еһһ˶ҫǬͳͳӳ֮Уеղŵսһľֺһ
ֻڣԿǰޱȣ
ֱԶʱһ屦ǵظ̽һмرκǰΣһգһ֣ܶͶơֻ֤Ĵ޽ɣܲ̽顣
ǬȻǿᣬ֤ľ磬һңԶľ룬ҶһգܱΣ֪׾١
Ҷ֪йٱ۱ɱǬɲϧΪ߶챦Ϊıȡһ˲
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Ȼ˫ƺʲȻʿ˵ôǹƽһս
ƶ֣ѾȼüʦܵʦܶȻ֡
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ҶЦȻˣһ԰ա


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սҪӺһʱˡ
ͬûг֣Σ˵ıͳͳҶ̫顢˾͵ۻȻһս֮⣬ȴԼĶ֡
۾ʹյ۾ȴѪƴ֮⣬ʵ൱δָħʣҶʵҪǿ࣬ǼΪɵ
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΢΢һЦӽǱפˣûĻ±ôˡ
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˾۾˿Ҷ񣬼Ҷҡͷʾ⣬Ҳ֪ûвİգЦһԷ硣
Ҷ΢΢˹֣Цλʦ֣Сܲˡ
۾յ۾뿪ҶϣЦҪģ˵ʲôʱڱ
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һָֻڿգҫ죬ػⷽ磬˸ǱޣˣǼɹ𣿡
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Ҫ޳ɵ۾ն棬ָն⣬ϾܵõϿɡ
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ͬۼǸأЦ˴ĴκӣһŮӳֿȭӣ˱سɴ󻼡
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̾Էȥټ׼ٽ磬Ϊ壬ء
ȴڴʱͻȻʮһζֻһ֣֮С
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ͷһ΢΢ɫֻЩֻŲ֮ߣҲСÿȴ̲Ԫʼĵ
Ź֣ʲô˽ķƷɢ
𲻸ҴֻԪʼųƹһˣܹѰ֮ء
磬ȵ۾ǰҲһЩ۾Щϲе΢΢ü
ֻоͨԪʼķƳ˱ˣû˵˭ͨķ
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ЩѵĲɢȥģ
У̫ڣҶ񣬺ǺЦùˣң֪Ԫʼķ
ʦ֣Щȷɢȥġ
ҶҲһüͷıһı


986 ˭
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ҶȻЦʦ֣ıȻӦǰ֪ʦһ
̫۾ЩɻҶڸһʽ΢֤ӡ²⵽ҶпܾͨԪʼķ
֪ͨķˣֻˣȱԪʼλɣٴαҶˡ
ĲҶΪʵ벻˭Ū˴ֱʣ֪ķƷɢ졣
̫۾ü΢΢һЦʶ㣬˫ܷӷƷ֮ݳԪʼķ
Ҷ΢߶еϸϸһͷΪֲڣⶼȫ棬ӦǱ˹ɴƷȷԴӱ֮ݳԪʼķƬΣҲƬζѣԪʼķ֮
ȻƬΣҲӦԸӦ˰ɣ̫۾ĿһЦ
Ҷ۾һΪӿ֮УӦһϤϢԪʼ֤֮Ϣغ嫣Զ֤֮ѹĸо൱һ
̫ʦ֣ȻһıĸǿǰԪʼ֮أֺα˻ˮҶ̾˿
ŵϦӡ
̫۾΢΢һЦƮȻȥֻҪıˡ
ҶĿȥתͷᣬˣƵıڷ񣿡
һŻţѾĳ̶ȣЦү֮Уұûжá
ҶпȥֻŻһ飬ѻɽʤ̫۾ڴ˵أһĿ࣬ıˡ
Ҷ΢΢üָߵɻҷųôǺΪ֮УҶŹӦҲûˣѵ˵仹˾ͨŹ˷ųôһֻ֮Ǵ˿ҲЩ⣬ò
ԭ˼ҲһͶţǿһǰԪʼ֮أͨǸޱΣյĵط
֮ĹѾΣգħʶ⵽شԪʼ֮أֻΣգҶȻԪʼķ֪֮ҲûаܹƽѰԲŴ÷һѷƷҲȥЩǿߵΪ֮ͨء
ǰո޳ʱѾ㣬Ҳ౦ֻҶ޳۷ʩչı
ֻû뵽ǣȻһ֪˳ڳһıĳ档
Щؽ䵽۾ǿ֣֮ӶЩݳԪʼĲȱķӦķλ
ǿۣǿֻ֤֮ûܹܾջ
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Ҷһɫأ˿ϵˣҲ㲻ϣ˴ıƣôбΣˡ
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Ҷ񼴱ͨҲûϵЩķƷھ֣Ƿʮ桢ش죬ͬҲֲ֪٣ıôֵİײˣҲһ
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죬ħʸ߸ڱ֮ϣӵһЦҷϣ޼ֻ̣׶شССأǬɱۣ
սսҶ໰ȥ
ħʴ˴죬ɨһƲɵǬҲˣѣٴεϵλֻûдɱ䣬ͳͳɱѡ
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ħͬҲһΪֲڵƬ̣֣ĵΪδ׻ָҲû֤֮бչأﵽȫʢ״̬ܸ֮أ֮ĹޱȣԪʼ֮۶Ĩɱ϶ΪգôǸͺȥ̽̽·޻ȸں󣡡
硢ءʮల£ǿ߶ƷеѶϢͼݳԪʼķӦ֮أǰѰԪʼĴС
ڣʮͻȻ𶯣ߴΰʮ滷ңķӡħΧƴ·裬߳磬ȥ
֮УҲħƷ֮ĸӦ뿪أѰԪʼ֮ء
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Ҷ֣˴׼ǰԪʼ֮أҪĿģΪ˶ȡʷǿ֤֮̽ѰԼɴڵĹϵҶǷǽɴڵת
Ϊģ˵ȻΪҶһǰ
Ҳȥˣ졣
ɬһЦǻ֮󣬸ҽɡ
Ҷһ֪뷨һҶȷʦתԼܲ
컯̾˿컯һۣǷ򸾱ȥɣһҸ׵塭
ҶͷչЦ棬Ҳãҹ뿪֮Ҳңۻ۶Ȼûɨ죬ǲУ磬ۻӦòΪǡһȻۻۡ
һɻѵۻ۲׼ȥԪʼ֮أ
ۻȻȥһԪʼλʷǿۣһԵǿ֮ģܷû᣿
ҶЦȥЦȥˡ
Ц£ڴ˵عףµõԪʼУ
ۻͷ緢Цʦ㲻һȥ
ҡͷЦȴµĺϢ£һң´ϣ˾֮⣬̤ͨԪʼ֮صĵ·ٴһ
ۻɻ½ңĿ͵ۻȥĬĬҵļƲߣ۾ˣȴҲӼߣӦòתͷƻҵļı


987 Ԫʼ·
ۻ۸ոȥټ̷ռ磡
ۻ۴һ룬һؾ죬λԣɳһʦѾ뿪磬Ƿ磬ֻʤ㲻۾Ҳ֣ظ磡
һЦ۾Ȼº֣ǷģѾʮʤ㣡
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һһţ޾ã֮Уһλһͷţ̵ͥŲٶȴشյ۾
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ۻʮ˵½֣תһУҲȥһҺΰ¥УЦ̣Ϊ֮Ѿշ
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ÿ˶ķƷ֣ӷƷݳԪʼķܲȱҲǸӦʵλ
䣡
һصĺΰŻȻ֣ŻŤ֪ʱգУԵޱӴ󣬼Խ
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һЦ˲˵кαǫļƲߣڱҲҪͣħʡԼ֪ٵ۾֣֮ͨԪʼ·֮أԪʼķݻʮ죬Ԫʼ֮أֻܹȡʷǿ֤֮֮һٽħʺʹɱ۾ɨƽһУһͳ硢غͷ磬ɾϰҵ
ҶɫһЦ
ү˵ģѵү˼
ҶЦһͷֻ࣬ûеôݣħʺʹҲҪһ򾡶ѡʵֻɱ۾һͳѡ
˸սĵүʹıȷԽһɨƽɾۣϧ˶Ȼֻ˵θڣ˵ɨƽһ谭ͳءͷ磡ֻǣǸĴɢƷˣ˭
֪Ҷ˵Ѿ˲²⣬ֻǲ˵Ҳ֪ҶеǸ˾˭
ã䵥˵ñҪʦδˡ
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ڴʱͻȻֻۻ۵ЦλԪʼ·֮ΣأԪʼµĲãشħʣʮĴ𣬶Ҿʵ֮ҵӦǰӣĺһ·ȥ
ҶЦۻʦԼǡ
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֪֮⼫Ϊį˵ݲв֪ٸǰ֮⣬ѰµϢ֮أ޾֮С
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ҶĿȥжȻһʧЩ½ԪʼµĽӡ
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ܣͻȻЦɽˮ㣬ڶְա
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ۻüǻλԪʼ·֮ϣӦͬЭ

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ʵҲǿޱȣڵ۾֮ҲٮٮߣȻԯµ֤֮Ѫƾʵ
Ҷλ̬ǿ֣̲Уغϱ㱻ѹơҶ¥ѹȻӣֻֻ֮Уһ£¥һܣЦۻʦֲҪŭǱ̫ʵԷģڴ˵ѹꡣ
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ʦ㡭ţ滹һң
ȡң򿪿ʱɫޱأֻֻм֣ٹ飬һͳ죬֤


988 콫
ҶֽۻѹһЦȻǶ뵽һ𣬶ԵۻۼɵԴԪʼ·Ͻѹꡣ
ۻ۵ǱԶλ۾֮ϣ뽫ѹڴ˿̷ؾ磬飬һͳ죬֤
Ԫʼ֮أǷȥɣһȥضۻԿɳ֮ǵۻ֤ǱΣ࣬˲ԼͬȽۻѹ
죡
ҶĿ̧ƺҪף￩һЦҲ̧ƣ΢΢ײ½ϵնʱѿĿĵѺۣ
䣡
ҶһֻŴӿݺѹ£ͬʱһ۴ȨڶҶŴ䣡
Ƕ˸ոջϲЦտѹۻۣգۼ̷Էʹº֣
ãѹۻʱĹҪֲԪʼ·ϵԪʼĴҲѹסǡ
СƤܾˣ
Ҷŭȣֻ֮ϣһ޴򣬴߶ܣŤʱգʱ֮ѹ£
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۴Ȩǣ½ԪʼĴ½Ϸ޾ҲȨ޾ǳ׹䣬ӿĵ۹֮Уӳ
ЩǳԪʼĴݻɣ˿»߶۹ڣ
ԺµֻӶȫ߶ȨЦԪʼ·ϣӵе۹ںʹȨԪʼĴ׾٣޵Уձɱۣ
ԪʼĴͳͳҵĴ֮УҪΪã
Ҷһ߶ǣԪʼĴѹ۴Ȩܣֻֻ𶯣ŻͬҲǳֻӿȥ
֤֤֤֤֤֮õ֮°빦㿴ʵ
Ҷ񱬺ȣüһԪŤ֪ʱգͬٵصľˣ˫ȥ
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ΪѾﵽ۷ĳ̶ȣȻδ۾ľ磬۾ľ粢ңԶ
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ҶЦ̽۹ץȥһã۹֣ȴڴʱ۹һ𣬴Ҷзɳ˿ӵ۹֮дܳһֻƣһӡҶؿڣ

Ҷһݣ̧ͷȥֻ۹֮˿ӿϣ֯
Ѿ۹ںʹȨˣ˿ɵ⻯
Ҷɫأղǿ۹ڣȻ۹ȴַɻأؾ˵ｫ۹ںʹȨɹԼڵ۹֮УԼĴŵ۹ڣƿشȨ
Ůܹ۹ںʹȨɹʵȷɲ⣡
Ϊؼǣڰ˷ʤνޱȣ
ûе۹ںʹȨʵֻ»Ȳıˣ
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һ˿٣Ӳӡ
ҶΪԶǴӡޱȣȴӲ࿹⣬£羪裬˲Ϣÿһ£½Ȼѿ߽⡣
ͷֻ۴Ȩ໥ײΰֲܣ½ǧٿף֮һͳͳɻ磬һеȻ޴棡

˳½ǿ֮ߣһƬƬǿʧٶȼ죬ɱޱȹ򣬽һ½֮С
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ҶոսٵˣޱȿֲϢ㽫ƳڸǣЩޱӴҶǰֻ֥Сÿһν֣ನ㽫һƷɣûǵ֮أ
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Ԫʼǰ߹˵أĴħҲԪʼ·֮ϣֻǰĶΣգ
ҶһԪʼʮȻҪ֮ϣҵ쾭еʮ磬ûôħ
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µ½Ƶ콫
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Ҷ񱬺ȣֻЩ콫ȻըµĴ⣬Ժûãһ콫ֻŵʮ֮еͬ磡
ֻŵܣʱǿһ֣ҶԵ۾Զһ֣
·֮ϣҵΪʵԽԽǿߵ·ͷұȻ֤õ۾ٵõ۹ڴȨұ
Ҷʹɱ֣ͻȻֻû۹ں۴ȨʧֻʣһСԩңڹ·ǰ㣡


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ۻѾҶѹֻҶʵгʧ㡣
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δʤǰܣΪ˲̫ӣ˵֮ԼһҶʵʤԼҲ̫ڶˡ
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Ҷգգ۾ЦУú̡ҲãұӦ㣬ܽУ뿪
˴æȱæ֣ۡղСɮ˵ܽСɮŻͨС
ҶţֻŶȻŻ󿪣콫Ժķʱž飬ֱӱԭһɹɴڲݣӿ֮У
Ƭ칬𶯣ȻҲڷֽƣ
ڴ˵״æǰ칬ХȥŭȥЩˣ΢΢Цػ˵أҲǴӴ˵ؾҲҷ㾹Ȼռȵ˴ĺ·ѵ㲻µ𣿡
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990 ħɱ
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Ҷǰȥֻǰһ칬ղΪͬǣ칬ħħأ콫Ϥħħӣħʾ˵أ칬

ش˵Ǵ˹֮һħħ죬ޱѪԶԶҶƮȻɳһңңֵڴˣ˵˵أͨ˼ǰ·ϵ㣡
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ŭߴɢҶ΢΢üѾ޳ɵ۾ȷǳԤϣ˵ǱҶܹѾ۳뵽֮У˾һ޴ĺۣϽһڣ׳Լ
ÿһԪʼĴ׳һ֣գ˻һֲľްԣͳͳɣ
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Ҷһ޴ŻƵֻɱ֮أΪǿߣһһ򱬣һһնɱܳɾҵĲ


992 ش۾
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λ۾ڿնڸԵ֤֮߶֤֮Ԫʼ·쭶ȥ
׷Ϯպȥ۾ҶЩѪŭ޼ۣҪÿ
ҪҺÿ
Ҷһ׷Цλʦ֣Сܸɹ侮ʯĹǹ
䣡
յ۾ǿд߶ֻ̳̳һȭʱԪʼ·öѣʱӿҶ֮ľһ֪֮ң


993 ǿ֤֮
Ͽ·ʦ֣Ϊң
Ҷ৵һǰȥ޾˲Ϣ֮䣬㽫·Ԧֱֻ۾ѹȥ
Ԫʼ·ڱ˵ڵ죬Ҷ˵ȴΪɣʮѾԲյ۾̳·Ҳ޷赲׷ɱ
λѵã۾˴Ϊѹ޼ۣ޷֤֮һξѵĻᣬһٲ󾢵УԵõ֤֮
ջ󣬾ħʺʹǵ֤ˣҲԻ̲סģ
˵ٶȼ죬֤֮ɢ˼¶޾лҶ˵ĵ۱˿̶Ѿֻ֮ѹһЩ۱֮ϣȣ۾ڸԵ۱֮еӡĨȥ
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Ҷ޼ӡɽͼ׷֮У޼ۣӦϡ
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յ۾ŭȣ߶ֻ̳̳֮У˫Ŀޱߴѹ֮ӿһȭ޼ӡȥһȭ㽫Ҷ׷飡
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Ԫ̳ƵĴײȻ̳赲
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Ҷ񱬺ȣֻźХɳԪײȥֻ裬У漴Ҷһȥӡӿһɵֻţǰֻź϶ΪһԪ߶ȺƵȻֱѹ̳
Ҷڸո̤Ԫʼ·ûжãֻżһдӡһɱ棬ʱȥʵΪм˿񱦷һʱǿ˺ֹ
յ۾оޱǿҵΣһֻϴӿֳԻһޱǿϢͬȻԼ
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һ󷨣֮Ǵյ۾ı壬۵ķϣգһֵۼķƺǺ澭ذԵѹ죬ǽ֮ңķħӦ֮еĵۼķ
յ۾һ壬ΪʵһӱǣԶʤǰյֶΣһֱûʹΪλձǮ˿̸ӦΣŽԼֶΣͳͳóԸҶ
۾״жһҲϵյ۾ȻǿֶΣһ壬൱ԼĶǲͬĵۼķǿᣡ
յ۾ʹһ壬ΪһӱǹǺ澭̳ϣֻܼ֤̳֮֮ϣ۵ΣԵԽȥʱиһ㣡
̳֮ϣ۵ϢԽŨҶĵ֮УµӡƺҲ߶𶯲ݣҪҶƿѣ̳
յ۾һɽ¶ˮؼԭΪѾ̾û뵽ʵȻ˿ǣ
۾һ𣬶Դյ۾ʵɴǸĹۣ۴ˣһУ
յ۾ص̫̫ʱΪɵʱ̷ˣʱյ۾ֻ͵ûж֪ʵʵһ̳ɾ͵۾Ϊһ
ҶɫأѹƵ궯ֻźȻײ̳̳֮ϵĺ档
ͬʱһӲ̳յ۾֮䣬һҡǧ׷ӿͬʱյ۾һ幥ȥ
Ҳʩչȫ㻹ΪۣձʶҵĹͨ
յ۾ұȣ澭תһΰһȭǧ׷飬ʽ󿪴ϣͰԵ
յ۾ıȻҡһ䣬һͷյڣХΧҶͷ裬ȥ磬צץ£̽Ҷ­­ԣײޱȣ
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һ󷨣Ȼʦ֣Ȼѵһţ
ҶȻ֤ǿƥӲյ۾һĹһȭӭϴյ۾ҵȭͷֻһյ۾֮ȭ飬澭Ȼ޷ֵҶһȭ
˵ţС׼ףСףǴף
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ҶŤʱգޱȸߴΰ̧һţյ۾δ֮ݺݲ£ͬʱһдӡȥյ۾ĺ澭ؿڶֻһСɵֻǶڴյ۾ĹؿڣȻͣԽԽӲ۾飡
֤ǿ֤֮񼴽۾ľ磬ǿȻڼ֮䣬ȥյ۾һ󷨣ǿüֱһ㣡
ˣȻǿᵽ̶ֳȣ
۾˻Ȼûϵյ۾Ȼ֮ܵ죬ʽ㱻Ҷ񳹵ѹƣˣٲʩԮ֣λ۾϶ᱻҶеʱǱֱҶĹ
ֻ޼ۣ֤֮ǿѹɱˣ
۾Ҫ֣ͻȻֻ¡һ죬һ˶ıնӡ紸ݺҶ£
۴Ȩڸ
Ҷһæˣֻ۴ȨڿմͻȻ˿ͽյ۾۾ͳͳסһ˳֮У
뻢ڶʳ
Ҷŭ׷ɱȥֻ̳һζȻҲֻţɻشյ۾ߣæͣ½ŲһΣվֻ֮ϣֻ˵һ죬ֻ̳֤֮ѹ
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ҶҲ֤֮ˣȸɵյ۾ˣ֤֮ջ񣡡
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յ۾۾ֻǰһΣһ̱һƬﻨ֮أʤص硣
λ۾ͷ۹ڣһУ۴Ȩ֮УЦ


994 һ
ȻǸոҶħ̶ֽ֣ν©ƫҹ꣬У
Ҷ󼸺˵һεǿߣ˵ʵ࣬ͬһӻˮǸԸҶΪҶôЩζȻºУȴζҲûУ
ôҲǵĶˣҪ־ǣ
۾ɫ۵ףǳЦǲöԱСķ
߶ɽеľ֮ɫδԶԣǺЦȣҵȻмû£ҵȸˡ

΢΢һЦҪǣҪ޼ۡյ۾̳Ѿߣǵʵ֤֮ͬҲһ̳֮
յ۾ɫ粻̳Ӻнıشܷ۾ȡ֮λȫ˱
̳Ҷ֣֮ȷûûϣң۾һģǷ⿴޷ջش˱
۾Ҳһյ۾̳Ҷ֣֮޼ۿ϶ӳϣã϶Ϊɡ
׳ôĺô˵ͼ𣬴Ҳţ
۾һ£֪̽
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ЦֻҪλһ֮ǵΪӳҶص
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￩ЦѵΪڻκϣ
ĬȻ˴˵ǱҶ͵ϮشǵԵֻûһܹʤҶ
ˣͬҲɲ⣬ҶʵҪǿ
֮λǵȷϣ
ЦǲǱĶ֣Ҳǵۻ۵Ķ֣ӲĶ֣ǻ֮λϣλͳͳҪ䣡
۾Ц˵ǱȲǿ˵ͨ٣ȻﲢȻвڵۻҲܹʤҵȣǾЩЦˣ

յ۾ҡͷۻۺεºܣҲܹͷȥ
󿩿ЦͣҡͷȴҲţֻŵùͷˡۻ۵ǱǼɵ˴δ֮ػȥǱ֪ۻ۾жôֲʱǱ֣ᷢۻȻǵϳһͳ죬֤ɾ
۾յ۾ɫ䣬ȵܣۻҲԪʼ·֮ϣѵԪʼ֮޴ջ󣬷ؾ죿
Ŀǰλ۾̾ϢۻѾѹԪʼ·ϣѹ꣬Ҫˣƾҵһ⻯쵽ȻҲѹۻۣȴ뱾ֳҪǣƱ
˿Ҷѹۻ۰꣬ôۻ۱޷ѣ
ϧ֪ۻۻһð֣ᱻѹʱ䣬֮Ůǻͨ϶ۻͳһһ磬ʵ
ﵭܹоǴӡ֮Уۻ۴˿ʵѾ࣬ҺֶΣѽѹ೤ʱ䡣ٹã󺣣
һ۾ͻȻЦҪۻͳһһ磿ЦҵǰԪʼ·ʱº֣ռݸԵĵͼʵ޷ռκһ磡
Ц˕FôFûе۾򡣡
ɫȻҰĿۻͻҶķӡص磬ȷûκεֵһͳ죬֤ɾ
ˣҶ񡢵ۻۺλǰȷûκϣܹ۵ı
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΢΢һЦվڱһߣΪʷϵһλŮۣȻᾡǰӣּ̡ǲվڱһߣֻǳˡ
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ˣţǰԪʼ֮ĿģҪǴ̽飬ԼǷ˵ת
ﵭˣΧǰˣ⵽Ѫϴ
д󾪣仰ʱȥͶҶͷǸҶƷҶλɴڵתǾֻ·һ
ΧɴڣҲУޣ޷⣡
ʵһϣ
һ⣬аǾǵõǿ֤֮ʲô󡢵ۻۡ飬ͳͳᱻɱ
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ｫ˵ɫ΢仯۵ףЦû飬Ǳʹȫӳֱأ
˵ͷǣͻȻֻ˿ӿ۾ڣ۾ͳͳ֮Уӿӳϣķһǣʱ۹ڡȨܣ߷£
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⼸Ǹ컻֮ܣ
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ȫӦʱ۹ڴȨţ͵һֱ·ȥ
Ԫʼ·֮ϣҶϥ֮Уֻȫѹ̳궯ȫΪ̳̳֮ڣ
֤֮䲻ӵսҲײκң
Ʒڣһע̳Ѱյ۾ӡѰӡڣ̶ԱȫΪֱӽյ۾ӡĨɱ
ڣǹͨ۵ľӡԼľӡǣƿ֤֮
Ҷ̳֮ڵʱɨڷֺ۵ľķ֤֮룬۸˵ĸоһأǿƥҶƾڵʵֻҲԶ۵Ķ֣
ӿͨ۵ķͬʱԼӡ֤֮֮Уȴڴʱͻ𶯣ƿأХߣ
⣬ؼʱ̾Ȼǰֻ֣ţλȫѹ
Ҷһ̴ֻ̳֮зɳХȥ׷ϵѹ£컯򸾡ͷڤ˷׷״ȣȫ߶ţ
컯˿϶ѹס¥ɣ


995 ֤
ҶһԪʼ·㣬һʮ¥ʮ۴һ¥֮ϣȫ߶¥ȻײʱգգۼԽ֪Զľ룬ٵˣѹڵ֮ϣ
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Ҷƺһ޷۾̳۴Ȩٴθ߸߻£ֻȥ
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ٴμȨ£ȻҶڳһٽҶƶɵֻŻ飡
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ûֻţҶ൱ڶȥһۣҲĶ֣

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ҶȻһ⣬æֹͣٻѭȥֻҶɫأͻȻջ¥ֻţͳͳٻصԼߣ

Ԫʼ·֮϶ȻţһֻѩԲĴͻȻӹ·ߺݺץһֻѹƹ·ѹ
һֻīħͬʱӹ·̽ͬһ˲˵ץȥ
ħʺʹ֤Ĵڼͬһʱ̳֣ͼӰ֮󣬽ٻ֤֮ã
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ڴʱԪʼ·ϣѹۻ۵ķӡȻ߽⣬ֻһ죬ۻȻվڰ֮У·ȥвһֻԭö˶˵Ԫʼ·˿Ѿʧ٣ֻʣ»֮أ
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ۻתߣĵ·ȥҲܹ赲һͳ죬ʱԴش죬򵽷ʮȥϹ£
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澭Ȼ쾭ķ֮Уȴַݻ£Ҷ̳ʱ㷢֣λ۾һִ𣬷д˳ɾͣ˵ִϣܹԽ
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ܹԪʼۻҳɾ͵۾ٶȱӿ죬ߵ·ͷԳɾ͵۾
Ҷٵһ칬ǰ칬еۻҲѾߣüͷֻ˵صĩսٵϢ֮Űǿ߽µĺۼη·Ǭֱʡ
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Ҷȥ͸˵ؽֺۼʱȻЩǿڴ˵شսۻ̫۾Ͷ˾۾ߣȫʤ
ǬȻ䣬Ѿ䰵㣬Ϊе
ҶֻŵĹ뱦Ƶãǿ߼꣬
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Ҷ·Ͽȥֻ֤֮ڹ·ŰȻϾɱ׷ɱ̫۾˾۾֤֮
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Ҷ񵱼ǰ׷ֵĺۼȥֻŽҶ֮·ͳͳʧУ
ڣٵһ칬֮ϣֻ˵һףڴ۵ĵħ߸һȽȽڿգһƱ֮һԲʯ֤֮໥ţɢ¶
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칬һޱȺ⣬쳹أ֤ʱ
£شڣҶڵĴҲ̲סҪΪԪ꼸ͳͳȥɻң
徳΢֤


996 ʺ
Ҷ˵İѵʱԼ徳΢ҲͬĴֻǰ칬еĲԵüΪǳ΢
徳΢죬Ԫʼ֮е֤֮ΪĪ⣬ֻҲʮ֮УΪǿصһ
ֻ֮У컯ѾʼȻ̴أ
ǵʼŷâҲʼڣǵȴ¶ϲ֮ɫ·ǰǱľһ㣡
칬֮У֮дصڵĴǵΪشݣ
һ֤⾳Զʡ֤ĵζ˱̲סȥ
ҶȴоеΣѾִ֤֮򵽴⾳ֻ벽еĵ磬˵ܹһͻƣ֤
Ƕڵڰ벽۾˵һĵǿڵĴݣǵԪ꣬Ҳᱻȥأֱӻȥ
޷֤ữ
Ҷһչ߶ֻţѹס˻ƣ컯Щ£ղҶ֣Щ㻯ɻң
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Ҷ칬֮УֻһϵĴϥ֮УĿ˫ֽһķӡ𶯴һ֮ĸд
΢֤ӡûκιֻ֤ӡ
Ƭ칬֮Уȴв֪ٸֱڴˡ
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ֻ֮УͻȻЩӲϹȻҲڴ˵أģݰȻڻ
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˾۾߶ħ֤ܴ֮ţȥһħգһħ飬ǬҲѪ
˾Ѿ˵ҷֺ
ǬޱȣӲħҪһ㹥˾۾ȥ޷Ԯ̫۾
תһħ£ȻǸղűħɱЩħ񣬼˾۾ɱȥ
̫۾֮ϣ˥˥ϮһС
̫۾վڽ֮ϣâǰˢȥɨĩս٣а
˾λ۾ڲϻΪԽԽټϵĩսʴΪǷţڵֵֻǳ顣
ү֧Ųסˣ׷үˡ
ţۺᣬǰһڽ֮ϣү¼ݣСĵү
̫۾̽ƣḧдҲ޷̫飬ֻѸٻֻʣһţͷ̽ͷȥġ
̫飬˾۾һΪҵϣҵΪؽȻұὫԪʼۻҲɣ
Ц־ʱұ۷۾ٺ٣ٽɣұ֤
δ䣬ͻȻֻһЦ䣬㻹ûҵʬô
ϵЦһѭȥֻҶֻţ˵һŷڽ֮ϡ
ֻԳһ磬ۡħǧ˻ʴ澭콫ħͬӳţԳһ磬̫۾˾۾ͳͳ֮УҲֹͣ
ǰˣ
пտնͬССĺۣɭȻѾʱˣ
𣿡ҶĺݻţЦʺ


997 Ը
⻰̣Ȼŭ߶ֻǬ˷׷ڱ֮УǰҶȥ
˵شʱڣ
ɱڣĩս𾭿ʼڣ֮µĽҲʼʴ˥Ϣӿڣ
̫۾ĵ۱۱Ҳ׻ȥʵȷﵽ˼ľأ
֮𣬿ҪǺ۵ĹЧֻѹκβõ۾佫֮ʵѾ۲֪ǵ۾ֻҲܱϣ
Ҷͷվڽ֮ϣ̫۾Ҳ޷۱ջأֻԼĵ۱ɻң
ҶԵɱӶЦе㲻شĪʬҲԵˣ
ŭûȻһ˵һ£Ǭֻطʮ뱬ȣǰɱȥħڣƾˡ
ֻ֮У컯ͷ˷׷ţӭЩǿߣһϢţŤʱգ칬֮дս죬֮䣬в֪ΰЩһʬе䣡
ֲҳ棬ֻڵۼս֮вܼڴʱȴԪʼ·ݡ
ÿһҲ˴ֻŻ߱Уһ£죬һǰǰǿᣬɱ
ҶȻȵ˿ѷȴǬ۷۾ǿߣһ֮£λڷ˵ޱǿᣡ
ֻطҲշ˵ʵѾӽ۾ԼֻأҲǼΪǿĸ֣Ϊʵ컯Ҫʤһ
ǿڣҶѹƣڽڰˣ
ҵҪķܹ֧ЩãǬЦ
˾۾һͻȻԼֻ֮У£߶ħ֤֮ɨ֮£Ǭðӱ飬ЦǬʦ֣ǴУħʵǿߣȻԸʶ䣬ͶСˣƽ׶棡
룬սʱת컯ڶ˾۾²ƣǬɱ仨ˮ
һֻ˶ţͷֱײȴѾֻʣһԴȻҲҶ֮УΪһʱƬ̼ȴδָֻƾһţͷս
ǿߵİ޶ãĿҶϣͻȻЦǰ⡣Ѿ֮гɾ͵۾ȡеĩսϢĩս𾭴ɣܹ㣬֤ٻ£
˫֣ȻһЦҵĩս𾭣ȫķ˴ɣ
ҶЦе
Ҫɱ㣡
ѿԼŭ϶Ȼըֻ¡һ죬һ־޴ĺӿХҶɶȥ

һֺ۸գת칬׷뺣֮Уƾ۵ܣ

һŷӲҽУҲͶ뺣֮Уգۼɻң
䲻Ҷ֣ͬʱҲ칬е˳ֻ֣Ҫ칬֮еǿʵᱩԸҶİձǿ
һֺ۵ԽԽǿΪʵԽԽǿȥƱܽ칬֮еЩڻĵ۾Ҳֱɣ
ô˳ɳȥˣؽдѣ
ֻ֮У̫۾ȻոҪ߶âͻȻֻҶƷӿâ֮УֻҶЦ̫ʦ֣һսʦֶ֣ʦȥ˾ʦ㡣
̫۾΢΢һţǰȥս˾۾
ˣ
һֺ۷ҶûЦΪƾһ֤֮赲ң
ৣ
âڿնϼ֤֮Ϣ֦裬ֻصı첻ϴһֺˢ
漴һ̳𣬺ͬһ磬¡һ£ʣµĺͳͳѹ̳֮ϣһϵվ𣬴ָ£صһɣ
һ֤֮
Ҷֻ֮£˿â̳£֤֮ͬһ㣬ըѣһޱߵĩս·ڣ
ĩսٷۣһ˶ĺۣٴ۳δӦâٴˢ£ˢ
޷죡
ĩսӿݣٴλۣոջָ־ŭŭһӿ֣شһ̶ʱͳͳɢΪޣ޵
̳£֤֮Ҳ⵽һʽ׷ѹƣܴ
𣡡
ŭȣ˫һӣ칬ر飬ݵشĳһ㣬ֲޱ˥Ϣ˵ڣʴΪ꣡
˥ϢΣճ̶ȼѷԪʼ֤΢֤ӡ΢֤ӡһ𣬽칬еǿ֣ø죡
˵ĩս𾭣ǿߵķĿǣǵۼķ֤ķҲͳͳҪƣ̳;âȵ֤֮Ҳ˥Ϣ룬ļܣ
䣬ʿյĿ࿴ʵȷѾȰ벽
Ҷ¶֮ɫ̾һ䣬ʳָԼüģһϸռ֣ԪüķɳȽȽ𣬶Ȼ£칬֮
Գһ磬пٵ֮ܣʱ˥һƬأ̳;âٴţ֤֮ݺһ÷飡
칬֮еغͷǿо֣޲˵أԪʼ֤ٴδ΢֤ӡӡ칬ʱʱ̶֤̿״̬֮УǱ˵ɶݶȥһǰҲѣ
Ҷ佻֣Ԫʼ֤Щ۾˵ֱجһ㣡
ͣ
һ˻ȥȻж
ɲҲʼϻڣʱڷֻзλ滹̷۽⣬ҲǣͳͳĩսϢθ
Щӣһ
ֻǬ˾۾컯ڴս죬ɱذ
֤֮ʤңҳֿȭƾԵΪʵսһ
飬ٴλµɭȻǹƽһսɱ˵ֱ׾٣
Ը
Ҷ΢̳;âԷֻ֮УȻĲٶ֤֮
˿ͻȻĿһֻҶɶֻ֮£·ʼնûж
䣬֤֮ʤ㣬ҲķȻ
Ҷ񻺻ͬһԪ񣬿ٵأſޱߵĩϢ˥ҲܽӽֺȻҾͳֿȭ㣬ķڷ
䣡
һһ̱ڵǰ޷һȭ칬


998 ֤õ۾
٣ͬ䣡޷죡ش𣡡
һʩչĩսеУӲҶһȭоһ棬û֤֮ɱɱһֻС
Ƭ칬׷״ݻ٣شΣ٣ޣ㣬һдޣκ׷κιͳͳ޷ã
ԼȫΪʩչͬԶŴʱشĿֲ׳۵Σʱֱһʮ֮õԶͥ磬ɵĹޱǿĴڷ׷䣬ʮ֮ϵĴеЩѾ֤ĹȺɣҲȻճΪʷ
Ȼ޷شĳ̶ȣҲͬСɣغͷЩ۾棬ҲܵԪţΪݽߣ칬Ԫʼ֤˿Ҳ۹ԺϨ
΢֤ӡ֤ħʡҲ޷ȥ޷ѹڴ˿̣Ȼȥ
ɲѸٿݰܣ˥ϣֻΪţд󺧣䣬ĶӣʲôķôصķҪа죿
Ǹ޷ֵĩսٵϮȥȻ᳹ɥͳͳɵϣ
õĵ۾ǺεԵϵ£ܹɾ͵۾ֻвʮˣǿȻҲҪĩս֮У
俪ķʵڿֲ˵ķ޷ֻֿ֤Ĵڣѹһͷ
䣬ȷţƾ򷨣ҵķȴȥ
Ҷȭͷ磬ܵĩսƾһ׷ԭޣҶٵأУٴӼ֮пٳ׵Ĵ׵Ĺһȭ˿Ҳδǿƥ
أ
ȭͷ׷ͬһ磬ʲô١ͬ䡢޷ͳͳɢشĿֲ׳۵Σֱӱһȭ飡
Ҷͬһͦĩս֮Уһȭ칬е֮ɨһգһȭۺѧ򣬴ӿֻתϢ
ĩս𾭺ųƾ򷨣ش޲֮Уûķܹĩս٣شȻҶ쾭ȴ롣
쾭ֻزݣҲѾγһѭԲϵƹΪǿķ
䣡
һȭһ¶ı飬漴һըĩս٣±
ȷǿ˵ȥҵĩս𾭣ȴûпܣ
ĩսۣһŷԲľ޴ۣۣתһУһУһ֣ʱҶɣ
дЦٵأұ㽫̳ԣҲɣҵϣֻҪ㣬ұ֤
ɻ䣬ҳȫ㡣
ͻȻҶ嵭Ԫ𡣡
Ҷüһֻһϸзɳ뺣۵룬ԽԽԽԽߣں֮Уһ֦֦Ҷֻ¡һԪ񿪱ٳһ磬ȴ˼磬ǧתݣ
¡¡
첻۾𶯣һرҶԪٳУеĿµأ
ֻһǧ֮Ϸγɣʮ죬Ԫĸٳһصʮ˲֮࣬漴ֻ֮ϣʮһ޴Ļǣ֮һ˶ֻгһ壬ֻزݣ
˶ĺۣҶԪѣȻըֻٵأҶ£
ͻȻһ𶯣ֻɫ԰ף߳Ҷ֮оȻ¶η֮ɫ
ղҶöԼԪٵأȻűһΪͨͳͳҶԪֱһΣ
ҲԼڷУ˴αᱻҶԪԡ
ܷΪǿ֤֮Ͼȱ˴εѾ֤֮˴룬ֻ´˱֧һ
𡣡
Ҷ΢Ц俴Цҵ쾭Ѿ𣬻Ȼһ壬Ҳܹң֤ؽ֤ؽ࣬س棬ΪΨһĴڣ
쳹أ𳹹ŽδϢǣȻڲ֮Уֻ¡һ죬칬𶯣ȻһӿҶڣԪʼ֤Ҳһ߽⣬Ҷڣ
ƴҶӿ⣬ҫգԪʼ·Щҫͨ͸磬ù·֮ϤɼԸܵ·֮һǿںޱԼϢ֤һλ۾ĵ
Ԫʼ·ĴڣʼԭشӵӿҶ֮У
ֻ칬ѾҶ֣һ˶ֻţ磬֮ħ콫ɼ
ħǴɣ뿪ڣ󳪣
Ҷ߶쾭ʱ״£ܱȣһƿʼž죬ת䡣
ߣ
ɫ䣬һ̫۾˾۾ˣǬͳͳڷ֮ϣգԶݶȥ
ҶԪΪɣڻ۵㹻ͻƳ۾ľ磬ԭҶ֮żĲ࣬Ҷ֤õ۾ֲԽԽҶǰû˿ĻأֻᱻҶɱȫҶ
ո̤Ԫʼ·̵ֻĹ·ʼȥиǾҲͣ·ľͷ쭶ȥ
䣬ķҵ쾭棬㻹°գȫҵ֮
ҶͷȥֻһֻϲΰĴִӺ֮̽Ԫʼ·߽ĸ죬ݺץ

ոռֻ֤֮ҶĴһץƿаȥ
֮У̲ط֤ķ۶ֻصļ⣬ҲдôҲҪУ
ҶأȻ֤֮ߣ漴һֻץȻǴҪ˵
ۣ
һ޴ĽӶȻԪʼ·ľͷӭҶĴֻ֣һ죬ֻ飬ӵ첻Ȼ˳Ź·жϣҶȥδ֤õ۾ʱе


999 ֤۾
Ҳ˻ˮ
Ҷһ̳𣬾ӭӣ֤֮ȱԪʼ·ø죡
ӵ汻̳赲Ȼ𶯲ڲϱƽ̳ƵýڽڰˣȴʱвҶ
Ҷƺһӵķ̳ϷԼ֮УʱѪ
ȴڴʱ飬۴Ȩײգ˶󣬺ݺҶ£ȻҲ֪Ҷ˿ͻƵ۾ؼʱڣͼһٻУɱ
Ҳ뵲סҳɾ͵۾
ҶһָֻâԽԽ󣬳ޱߵ֮У죬۴Ȩ£Ҳֺܺ
ͣ
ҶɫǺ죬̲סһѪ
Ȼδ֤ӵļӳ֣ʵӲϺ̳ҶҲ⵽ش

кɽվţͼҶͳͳ飬ȥɾ͵۾ϣ
вɽӡ׹£۴Ȩ֣Ӳâ
ҶȥǵѪ΢΢üͬʱѣΪֹ֤õ۾֮⣬ħλ֤ħδ֣ټħʣĴǣ
ʦţҵһ֮
̫۾ͻȻֻ֮УһħڿնӭϲɽӡͺɽȴǶ˾۾̫۾Լ컯ִ߶ħҶֵ۾Լյ۾Ϯɱ
ƾ̫ʦֵˣס۾
Ҷһָֻ¥ڿգӭϲɽӡ¥вɽӡ߶ɽӡ۾Ҷȴѷɫࡣ
̫۾˳˿Щǿ֣Ҳ۾Ķֻ֣֧Ŷѣ¥ǱԴݶԿɽ
Ҷ߶¥ӲɽӡԼҪܵķҲԸǿ֤ȹֱ̣׷ֻµǷܽ÷ǣ
¡
һ汦Ȼɭħ죬һħվڱ֮ϣȣնȻޣֻһħ۵Ĵѹ鲻֪ƣҶ䣡
ħʵ󱦴ħ֤ʱһ֤֮󱦴֮ĹУһ飬ȻħѾ˱֮ĹĺĤ̥֮Уѹ˲֪ٺϽƵ󱦴ȴǰǿ󣬴һħۻһϵ
Ӱħ֮ĹвȫãȻûܳ׵õ֤ͨҲ󱦴ʱ㽫뱦֮У
󱦴ʱȻ֤֮ӰУܱ֤֮˿ѷ
ħʣڳˣ
Ҷɫޱأ˿һֻźХ𣬾ӭ󱦴رϿ𵴣һУ
Ժ䣬Ҷʱƺһ֮дžı죬ƤըѣһĿĵ˿ڣѪ
ֻֻһ˿̵󱦴ѷһټҶҪ߶ͬʱֿ۾鹬󱦴⣡
ħʳ֣ѹʱܳܵļޣⲻסֱ߽ƣ
⻹Ƿ֤֮Ҷϣֻһ֮£ܽ׻
ʱԪʼ·֮ϣֵ֤֮ıȻʮ֮࣬ӡ̳۴Ȩâɽ񡢲ɽӡħ¥󱦴ֻţʮÿһѹΰ
ʮһ𱬷ܣԻأһ綼ᱻϡãԪʼ·֮ϣȴвã޾գһɹɼ¶֮ȴûжˣֻǽ޾ջ𣬻ޱߵĻ磡
ʮţ֤֮ϢѹѹƵɲԼȹϵĵ۾ſڵأ޷
ԭ칬֮УֿԪʼ֤ǰУν࣬ҶսѾǽƣɣܸನЩͳͳ
Ҷ֮ܵ󣬽Ԫʼ֤˿û뵽Σ٣ʮ֤֮ıһҶ֮أǡǡǳģȻħʴǹҶ񣬵ҲҶԲԶͬʱҲ⵽
νǻУ
ʵ̫ǿ̫󣬺ο֤ĴڣԼλĴڳ֣˵Щ۾ҶҲоǰδеѹв᳹
ħʡЩһ֣Ϊı赲֤õ۾ΪԼĽһֲľУ
ڲֻߵĵ䣬ǷУֻҶ񣬲ҪĶ
Ԫʼ·ޱȺ嫿ֲܺ£ڳױ߽⣬ڣӵҶۣŬ弶۾ľ磬һ֤֮ѹʹԼͻƣ
ţ
ս֮УͻȻһķֻһأ߸ֽᷨӡԿʮĳȴǼλѹſڴ˵ķ棬ڸо޷֧ȥ۽
۽Ҳһ֤֮ҫգԿʮĺನסǼ档
۽Ϣţסನ工ȴҲҶ˴Ϣ֮
棬棬Ȼ˷۽
Ȼ¡¡أдһ˿ŭȵֻһߣɱ飬Ǽ۽ֻħݴħɳ׳󣡡
ǼϷ̧ͷҵҲ⵽ǵĹǲ۽̱˲ôˣ
ĬȻΪջû۽ҶɣҶ޳ɵ۾Ҳƾһ֮˶֤֮ĺ
۽֣ȴϢ֮ӿٶȳ۾磬˳ɾ͵۾ϣ
ƷͻȻѭѭյ棬λʦ֣ҷȡ塢ǻӥ֮׳٣ȺβЧԶΪ˷۽ħͷ
ŭȵͣʦ֣ȡ֮ģβԿ
һŭԶŴʱ棬Ѿȥҷн壬ȻǷ棬ȴףԶŵĽӢ¾壬ƣһף
Ʒŭе棬棬ѾħˣħɵΪ֪
Ʒۣ˵ÿȴҲ۽ȱס
Ҷ˿⼸ΪǽѣѹᣬҲԤϵ顣
ҵ֤޿ɷָѰĳɾ͵۾֮ҶȻûпնȥɾ͵۾ȻˣǾ辶֤۾


1000 ۾
ҶΣɾ͵۾ҪĴشݣ˱նȥĶϾش
ȻҪնȥý֤ķȥҶȻ鷢
أҵĴش֮ش֤ͬ۾֤֤Ԫ֤֤Ա֤֤࣡
Ҷһͬһֻţֻ޺ɾڣ㿪ٳһ֤ĵ·
۾ľ粩Զ֤Ļشݣܹ֤
ǵ֤ӡ֤ء
ֻ߳һ֤أΪ
Ҷ辶Ŀһ֤ĵ·Լ֤ԼϿɣ֤ش֤֤ͬԪ
֤֤Ԫ˵򵥣ʵȴأҶʣҲҪǧ޿֤ɹƻϣԪ֮У޳ɵ۾
˿ǿѹѹ֮£ʹƸ۳ϣһ£ڶ֤֮ѹپ쾭Ĵ߶ЩϱϣȻһ壡
˾൱ڴħʵȾǿߴ߶֤֮ɾ͵۾ʡȥǧ޿
Ȼ˾ҲǼΪΣգǴ˵ĹǿһߣֱҶ񣬽ɱгɾ͵۾ϣ
һѵû˴߶۽Ҷֵ˴һֵܣҶѵֿ֧ţҷ
ǡǡΪ˱סԼȫҶ
Ԫʼ·𣬾ħʻǰһˣֻ¶ԽҴɱ
Ҷ񰵵һңֻͻƵ۾֮󣬲ӵ濹ʵڻɡ
ڴħʵֻǴ߶ԵıͼɱҶûԪʼ·׶ȥǸԽɱҶ
ƻϣҶΪҲڽڽϱǣ۴ȨӵرҲǰǰ
ΪʵиΪȥӳִ߶̳â¥ֻŵȱλǿߵĹ
ڣ⽥ԽԽ٣Ҷƻϣ
֤֤Ԫ񣬷ȫȫĳɾ͵۾
̾棬̰ħΪ
ͻȻֻӵһ𣬺Хȥʧ
ﴫþò·ǴŭԼµļ棬ȻҶһ㡣
Ӹոߣ۴ȨҲȻԶݶȥջأ漴ɽ񡢲ɽӡҲХߣħȻһ̾ҲԼ󱦴
Щǿ۽ʶԶʤˣҶɾ͵۾Ѿ赲Լܹ٣޷赲ɾ͵۾ĽŲ·Ҳ޷һʱ̼併ٵˣֻջظԵ֤֮
Ҷ˿ֻ֣¥ֻš̳;âһޱǿױֲҡ
ħʵ뿪Ҳ˿иħʵٴɱ
˼֤֮ȥջظԷήٲ
ˣҵΪ˱סԼ߶۽ôûɱ飬ŭҵ޷صʮˡüչ̾Ϣ
ҵǻȥ϶ᱻ𵱳ħͷѹ֮أ
һüͷδء硢죬ûҵȵ֮أҪǣ˭ܻסǣ
Ŀа۾Ѵ˽٣ѩ̿ɾ͵۾ȻӵԿķͶֻҲκβҵȣ
ĬĬɵֻǣҵһԹĶ࣬۾Ҳǡ
ͻȻ̫۾˾۾ǰǺЦλʦˡ
æ񣬵̫ʦ֣˾ʦ㣬ҵˡ
λ۾̫۾ЦλʦּȻͶ۾βֻмԼꣿ
˾۾ЦȻгԹλʦѾ磬۾ھܾλң۾ֻڴˣ۾֤Ҷкô
ϲЦлλʦЯ
⼸˿Եֻ֮С
ɲλصĵ۾ȴҲûֻԪˣ״ҲЩɡ
ҲͬľȻħδػ׷ɱǣԪʼ·ȥЩص۾ǰã˲ãҶ뿪ֻһҲδܷص֮С
ҪҲֻ֮У
ɲɾ͵۾ȻͬСɣ϶ܹʲʺʹ˲ἱ֤õ۾ͶһλǿߣȴҲ㶪ˡ
ĬĬͷԥҶˣ񼸺仹иղŵǳսϣһΪʣ޼ֻ۾ǡңҵħǾѵϣһ۾ҴɱƳױҪ֮أ
ЦһɭȻаħȻӦѹΪһ
ɲ˸ŭԣֻ֮ĶԹħǶ໥ӣ໥ֻɲʵ𣬲Ƿѡ
ҶӶ˿֮Уû˴˵ѹٶҲ
Ѿ˾ƣ̫ʱ䣬Գ׽ƻϣ֮Уȹ̵۾ľ硣
ʱȥ˵صĴڽƽϢϤҶ֮Уʧ
ҶĿתͬһ֤֮һܱ
۾ľ磬ȴ
Լƣĵֻ֤֤õ۾Ԫֻδ֤ãҪһʱĥܹ׵ȹ̾硣
˼״æǰϹϾ۾ҵʹǰǣͶû֮أ۾
ǰ׳۽۾´˱Ϊҵȵ֮񡣡
űЩԦܷ
ҶƬ̣ͷǰλһ˱
ͷҶ񽫾â̫۾Цлʦ
̫۾Цʦ֣̳Ǻ۵֤֪֮ʦδãҶɾ͵۾Ŀڣ֮дϡʦ֡֡
ֻ̳ãյ۾ұ㽫˱ҡ
Ҷ΢ЦʦַģҲռҵı
̫۾̾һ䣬Ҷ漴ȡֻǬֻطͳͳڱ֮Уݲҵ
ҶһЩеǿͳͳɲ˲С
ǬԸ˳
ǬѱͷŭҶЦ˳Σ˳Σ
˳ңȻĺô
ҶǺһЦᵯָЦǲ˳̾


1001 
ǬĿԥֻطеħһۣǰ۾ҵԸ˳
ɲҲǰɲۡԸ˳۾
ǬҲԸ˳
Ǭ̾һǰлЩ۾̾մУֻһ߻٣ûܽɱн֮衣
һʱһʱ
Ҷ΢Цʱ棬ϣǰҲһܹ˳ڵ䣬Ѿ³ˣ˿̸а˳ңϳˡ
ǬƲ죬ĵұԹݺòڱУѾΪˣ˿ٹ˳㣬ȻǸӶˣϳˣ
ռūƤúܡЦ
ǬŭͷŭĿӣЦռūħ£󱻵вȣŹ˳ϡռūҲòȥԭǴµķ棬Ϊ˱ס˳۾ɼЩ棬ǹŷͷ⣬Ҳûʲôڣ
沪Ȼŭȼǰƴ
ɲֻطЦǬվһٲȻһͬļơ
Ҷ񲻽ͷ󣬺ȵˣҵ£ǰĶԹʹ˰ˣ
ǬҶԣɶԱ˴Ϊˬ
֮ĶԹأĶԹ֮ϣͳصħͳηǷӣƲսݡȼüϷ𣬱أֻطµ¥еǿҲ磬ɱӡ
ЩͶң컯ͷˣʮ۾֤֮ټ¥ֻţôӴħʺһˣ
Ҷ־Ӵȴħʵѷɫһ󣬱Ҳ磬Ͼֻ㡢ޡ۾ѣ
ֻҪҶ֤Ԫ񣬽ֻɵ۱ħʲҲ
ھâħ۽⼸֤֮֮ģ̳Ҳỹңǽöѡ
ıֻź¥
ֻأȻγɵʱ¥࣬ȴܹȫ쾭ǱԶ¥֮ϣղħʵ󱦴һսѾʡ
ȥŽȻԳΪ֤֮лᳬԽȡ֮Ϊʷǿ֤֮
Уֻ̲֮ҵ쾭ֻš
ҶȡǬֻط˵꣬Ǽֻ֮СֻƵ֤֮𶯲ݣͼѹѶȥȻǵɲģջش˱
ţûе꣡Сӵ黫ĺܡҶӿ뱦УѰһ飬ûѰ꣬΢΢һ
ҲԼУȴȻڣӦڴ˱Ҷеһɲǣ֪²Ϊջ꣬ýҶƿء
ϧУҵƿ֮УױԴ
ҶԵ俪ĩսҲΪĶܹĶķ࣬ĩսȴ̲֮쾭УڻͨγĴѭ쾭Բìһ壬κ
΢ӿ뱦У̽ڴ˱еӡͳͳĨȻϸϸ֤֮̽ռȡ̲ص֪ʶѶϢ
ˣǷһ֤ķۣ˵õֻصƬֵõԶͥر˲Ƴ챦
Ҷϸϸ̽һ̲صֵȻأ̾λƴ˱ķۣʵǻ۹ˣеĵҶδţδ
ֻǿϧǣѾĵʧ޷˱ԭ
ˣҲ쾭øӳ죬ֻŵȴҲСˡ
ȻѾñûô
Ҷ߶ֻ̳̳վ𣬻ȭݺȥʮ֤֮ҵñ鲼ѺۣƬ̣Ȼ顣
Ǭ˶ʶȻȱЧԶʤЧҪĳЩ֤֮Ҷ֤֮ٴ򻵣жۣϧ
컯ʹ죬컯ҲһָĿУΧɱɴڣõı۾޾֤֮׻Ҷ֣֮ҲǱ˼Ѫ
ҶеûЩ뷨΢ϻһ𣬽Ƭڣԭϣֻ֮У漴ֻһɨǬͳͳУ˾ʦ㣬ͷʦҴš
˾۾̫۾Ҳ֮Уָ۾øԵΪţֻֻ֮ϣһΪչ¶Ӷƴ󴸣ϴ
һֳΰӲӣҲڻӶ󴸣Ϊĥš
һħֳħ֮ħϴţ
ҶһΣһ۴ħۻ˻ʴۻ߳һţƵ콫˻ʣħ׷֮ϣͣ
ľ첻棬νǹºУѾȹ֮۾ۼȺ֤֮֮ĳ
֤֮ô򵥣ҪΪʵҪϵģΪҪıǿߣǿ֮Ѳ֪£֤֮ܶ
ħʣȻѾ֤󱦴ǰ֤֮Ҫ֤֮輯ǿ֮ܰ쵽
֤Ѿãʼû磬ΪʱҪʮ֮ӣƳɹ
һ۱㶯۾ʮһִ죬ٲȻһ֤֮ļƣֻֻŲȵĴ
ŵʵ̫ǿ۾ûƵЧ
ֻŴ۱ĲΣǴ߶֤֮ţ
Ҷӿ齻ֻ֮֯ϣŷǰȥ
ֻŲ£һԪʼ·ȥͨ޾ա
߹֮·ŽʧӰ١
磬鹬ǰѪֻ鹬Ϸ񾵴ŹʮӰػ鹬ҫ
ۣ
һȻϢڣޱߵľ⣬񾵵飬ֻۻ۵Ц棬£Ѿˣ˳ˣ޲Ϊǡ


1002 
˶һۣĬĬͷүʱԸǵסۻۣͶɣۻۡۻһͳ˴磬ĵռˣֻʣ죬ΪѾ޽ӽǵȷǶ֡
Ƭ̣ۻۣͳΣֻǲͶ㣡
ۻ۹ЦãǾ͵۵ʤҪҪͶޣ
˵˳ۻĳȣԺʮ˵½תݣʱգЦŴѾһͳ칦£ͳͳҪӳ޼ɾʦⶼĹ͡
Ŀ벻ٳ߸ͷһħԪʼ·֮ϣãɱϷ죬һͳʮ棬Ӿ£һͳأʱ˵һ֤پħʺʹˣ
ۻ۲ȻĶ漴ҡͷʦ½ֻ֤ķûкķҸԼδ֤Ե۾Ϊݳ֤ķţΪʶѾԽķĶ޸֤֮һͳش죬Ҳ޷Ϊ
΢ü֤ܹ֮࣬߾Ψ֣һԪʼԱ֤һֱ֤
ķţħ֤֤֤ȵȣţֻ֤δ˵ܹɾ͵
޷ľ磬ȷǲǿУĵ֮Ǿƹ½֤
ĿУҪ칦³ߣͷʱռϷ磡
ۻ۵ͷǣټͳͳۼ죬ѹξ֮Щϴ칦³ߣŬߵܣ֤֮ӽ
ֻɽĹ»۶ھϿӿȻʵʣͬɫҺ¼ӳ֡
֮رɫʮ𶯣иֳӵƼھ֮С
ݺϤڴˣӿۻڣϢʣ츲ر仯һ֤
Խޱǵ
ۻ緢ͻȻ΢΢üϸϸӦ૵ԭˡ
£ôˣ
޸ղŸӦ֪ԼԪ
ۻȻʮ꣬ԪļޣǿԪʼҲԪûɵκ˶޷ѳȥ
·һʧȥǰĶ૵ȻԪޣǰѾ·ߣΪλҪƴ
ĬȻƬ̣Ц£ǿ棬ֳʤ£֤ԼĴһȤ£
ۻͻȻЦ־ȻЦʦ˵û춷˶ܻζ
ۻ֤ˡ
ҶͻȻͣ½ŲǰѾӦԼ⵽Ȼǵۻ۹ռ磬ڸղţָӦĴӿڣ۶ȥжʱȻ
ǣĴȻ֪ԶܹӦĲ
ֲģֻһܣǾǵۻһͳ磬֤
ۻۣ֤ˣĶ֣ҵ£
ҶЦ⣬ϣߵĸԶ
ͬʱҲӦ쳣Ȼתķȥ΢΢üۻ֤⵹һ£λɣҲ֣ҲǱĶ֣
֪䣬ҶߵԪʼ·ľͷͻȻоޱߺصϢ̧ͷȥֻǰȻһƬ򣬹һƬƬƯһ칬֮䣬صΡ׳ۡ
ЩƼͬһϵ޴󣬵ȴ·ֻһСɵƣ칬֮εȻƬ칬ŤʱգС
Ƭ칬ˣ
ĵԲ֮ϣһʮر֮ͺ£ΧƱתһſǳ
Ԫʼ֮أ

Ҷ𣬼Գֹ֣һθӦƬ׳Ŀռ䣬ۼʱǸоԱ𺳣
ԪʼϢ۵Ϣ
Ҷ̸ӦɴصϢжʱȻȻ˵أͼͻƹеľ磬٣ֻߴѰԪʼı⣬ѰֻصƬͼת
Ȼûת
Ҷв˵ǽɴڵתϣãۺԪʼĴҲתֺο
Ƭ֮УһſǳԶȥ鼤ȣҾǽתԼһж
һƬƬϵҶƬ칬ӽĴԽԽأԽԽ󣬵ʡĵ·Ԫʼ̳˵
ҶٵƬ칬֮Уֻռ䷨ŤܽǿŤС֮࣡
ֻţ
֮еֻ̿ʼתŤʱƽǰȥֻԶһҶдż֡
ʥ֮Ĺ
Ҷ񾲾Ƭ̣Ϊ棺ʥۣôδ˵ֹλۣѵԪʼǵһۣ
˼⣬֮УֻȴտҲûκζ˳ǰȥûһӳҶд˾ʥ֮Ĺ֣Ҳһշء
Ҷ΢΢üһȴʥ֮Ĺ
һȥԽԽľֻƬ칬ǿտҲĴĹҶдδһ۵ţ
ʥ֮Ĺ
֮Ĺ
΢֮Ĺ
ϼ֮Ĺ

һտյĴĹ칬֮У˵Ĺ֮⣬Ҷδŵǿ֮Ĺ硰ջ𡱡̫Ҿȿ𡱵ȵȡ
ҶΡ׳۵칬֮УкȻֿ쳣ΰĹһȴǡϸʴ֮ĹĹǰȴǡ̫Ͼ֮ĹԱǡ鱦֮ͨĹ֮⣬С֮Ĺȥӷ֮Ĺδշ֮ĹĿģ
Զ֤ͥĴڵĴĹ
Ҷ񳤳˿˶ĴĹȻԪʼԴ죬յĵѣǸȥ磡
֮Ĺ
ҶͻȻ벻һĻֻĹ֮УȻ۵ĹңҲһ칬֮УֺɴϢ洫о·
Ԫʼ֮ôὫԼĹ
ҶƣͻȻֻ֮дַ嵴ȻǴӡ

죬ХӴзɳǱء


1003 ʵ
ոأͻȻֻһޱӴӰͬһ֣֤֮Ϣޱȣһ̧ͷȥֻһԲ̳뵣Ͽ׹䣬ѹش޲
۾ԭ㣡
ǺһЦһӺжϣӭ̳Ц۾ɮѪû͵ϮֶΣɲݣ
ۣ
֤֮ײ磬漴úһ죬ħȻѹ£ݺѹ̳֮ϣһâ£ǧգͬѹ̳֮ϣ
ţ
ķһӲӣһѹ̳֮ϣĴ֤֮ѹӣ
ƺһǸոձƳ֮ĹδüָԪ⵽Ҷ͵ϮĴ֤֮һѹ£ѹ̣ǴҲ޷Ӧԣ
õķҲѧ֮ĹҴ㲻ΪгԹǴ㲻Ҿȵۣ
Ҷֻ죬ʮ¥ֻһ׹䣬ʱӵܳѹѹò׹䣬첻ȥ
һ汻ѪᣬԳ֣
գա
Σʱţâ䣬汻һգʱƾȣ֮׷׷һţ̨߶ӣ
֣̽һݻʮ棬Ӳӣգͬʱӳһƣӭ̳౦ǺЦ۾ĪɮЦҼ۾ʿڴ˽ԼĴĹԽĹλǰڷ֮ġ
ڷؾڷأϣα
ҶҲΣ۾һ౦Ӳ棬ĿЦĪǴ۵ĲãŻᱻ˳
ԣ׷׿ŭȣƷȵ۾Ȼǵ۾˵𱰣ʵִ򣡡
ҶƳƳƷ棬˵Ҳķݣûû¡𣬵̺¿ͽԳֵ̣ǱЩÿˡ
Ʒŭϴʺ𣬴̧֣ǺЦƣ÷۾Ҳͷαҵһʶƽ׶ݡ
ȻҶ񵱳ɿԼƽƽҶһ֣Ҷ
ҶѾǵ۾۾ͶΪЧضãҶ񵱳ɾУ
Ʒ治Ҷԣб֣ʱǰĵ۾εԵʱҶڲ֮䣬ָ£ҶȴȻ֮ǿߣᲢۣĳ
ǿ֮䣬㽻ǧټ֮࣬ʼ˭Ҳ޷κ˭
ĿĵĹг˸ΪʵĿǰκβôˣֻգǾǿɱ
ҶжԴҲϷȻ۴Ĺ֮г˸򲻻ᱻƳĹԼû͵Ϯ֮£ȻҲɼΪʵȷҶ֮ϡ
֤۾ʱѹϹͺһͷֻ񻹱Ȳ
˱˴˼ɵͻȻ볤Цһ֣ҶЦеȻǸᣬȻӦûɸΪ񲯣Ի
ǺһЦ۾Լǡ
ͷһۣͻȻЦһЦĸ˷緶ȴԲȥԵױ쳣
ħʺڣҶҶղ͵Ϯ֮£Цʵ
ħλʦ֣ˣȥۣѾȥ칬
ǺЦ۾Ҷͬ飬ҲȥԪʼΣ
ϷаҵΪȻԻָ֣ұһѹУ
Ҷһ£жԴһЦѾĹݼۣС󣿲һͬ۹ĹټһΣ
ȴҲԼ㣬ֻҪ֮ĹɴҶȻǣλԪʼǿߣһٽѹɵ֡
Ƭ̣ҡͷЦͬΪıɮѾݹһΣо֮ģ㹻ˡ۾Ǿʹ˱
ͷӣǰȥȻǲҰѺĽҶ񣬷͵ϮͻȻЦ۾ôߣ
Ҷһ֪ΪͻȻ˵⻰Ļﰵػ棬ҶҲ룬Цش죿ֻҪͷִ׾٣Сܿһֻ̣Ҫ㲻ҴֻҪʮ£Ի죬ܼˡ
Ц칬ȥЦ۾ԲƤ࣬ȴ
Ҷ΢΢ü֪ΪͻȻ˵
𣬸ղǻȴǺ⣿ԶƷ̲סʵ
ǺһЦҵδɵʱž鹬֤ĸˣȥݷãλʵȴҲе˼ʱˣһ䣬ôߡλ˵תȻ֪ʱôش𡣿ϧˡ
Ʒ֣𣬵ʱλشģ
΢΢һЦָָָƷؿڣƷƣֻЦ˼ǣУ˲󼺣ʵġ
Ƶͷ𶯣ϸϸᣬ
̾˿¡¡ΪѾľϣȴѷһλ˲׻·ˣӦô䡣̫ߣֻ߲ʣߺ
̾дȱ֮ģֶΣʤԶӣ
ѵŹ۾Ʒѯʵ
ЦҲ֮Ĺг˴۾УȻҲֺãҳ֣Լ⵽شѰԪʼı⣬õԪʼĴУȡ֮ءңɢƷɲ÷һ
дǻۣҵȰݷ
Ҷ۴Ĺǰ϶Ȼһգȡ֮Ǻɴӿ򷨾ԭ㣬ֻʣ׷ĹеĺɴϹϾ֮Ĺ
޷֮̽Ĺ˵ȴѡ
λۣҶо֮ģ۵ķ쾭ĳɾ֮͡ƺҲĪϵȥɽõԪʼµӣֳ
ҶԪ¥еҲеϵΪѰζ
֮еĿռ伫Ϊ㣬Ťգһλ׶в䵽ʱ֮䣬ʧ򣬲ǿҶѾѻᱻס
ΨһֵõǵĺɴǴĴȻ⵽϶һķɳȥ档
ţ
ҶͻȻоһ˿ͬѰĲΪŹ֡


1004 ʵ
ɲϢͬʱһָĪĸд·ϣ

Ҷ΢΢üϢ϶ɣӦһ֣
޷ͨǣΪۻὫһִ
꣬ΪλҪԪʼ֮أѾǳԽ֤õĴڣ컯˵̲صĵ˵ûжôΪۻҪԼͬ᣿
ƣ֮ĹԪʼ֮ѾΪŹֶ֣һ׮͹¡
ǰȥûãĺģãĺ֮˵أɴػ˵صǿݣ
ЩӦʱγɵ󣬶֮Уۣɫ̨Ĺ֮УĴή꣬ÿһƬϣһ磬ΰ׳ۡ
Ļڴˣѹִᱻķɣ
Ҷǰȥͷһֻ۵Ԫʼ·ϵЩԪʼۻͬӦۿ¶ԼһΪػԼĹҡ
ÿһӵʵǿƥɣۣͬ
ڣֻħʵһ֣ܹƣԼ۵
꣬ǵˮ׼ǿᡣ
ҶĿ֮䣬ֻһƬССĳһɫ̨価޾ĺǴﴫϢҲԴ
ԭѵ˵̨۵ʬ
оϢǴ̨֮ϴֻ沢ҶһǰȥɴƬɿռһӳһͣҶǰ۽ĵá
ϢƬɿռ䣬ĺɴҲ۵
ϣո̨߽ͻȻֻȻ۾ϢȻţͬɿռĴʱʼڡŭ𣬽Ҷɿռ֮ϵϣ
⣡ȻΪػԼʬնɱһиڽӽʬˣκ˶޷ͬķҲɣ
Ҷһæת쾭ֻţ֮ϣһ۾ȫʩչΪţ߶âħ۽ػҶ
ͬʱҶͷ¥ɳ̳ѹ
䣡
֣̽Ĺеɿռʱӿۼ֮Уǰȥ
۽ֱ⵽ѹ桢ͷƺһŽȻըѪ
ţħâҲͬʱ⵽ѹƣ̫۾˾۾⵽ش飡
漴̳ҲĴָסֱӽ̳еĺӰ뱬£ײֻ֮ϣǬѪʮڷ
۴Ĺ𶯣ನӵӿɨ칬ɢһƣ𾪵
۵ôǿѹִ˲ٽ֮Ĺ
Ҷֻڴ⵽޷ѹ飬ʱҲ⵽ش˼̳ˣüһԪ¥ϣ϶һӭĴ֣
ĴۿҪ¥֮ϣͻȻͣ¶صЦݣջش֣ɫ̨֮ϡ
ˡ
Ϊ׵ĿֱҶ΢Ц꣬ڳɡ
Ҷԭ˳۴Ĺ״æͣ½Ųɲ
۴޽£Ϊıǽգٴۣڹ·أΨǽѣָֻʢ
Ҷգգ۾ۣ̽û
۴𣬻˫ĿҲˡ
ҶȴƬ̣۵ûκζɿռҲָƽ
ô£ǿԪʼ񣬶޷ȻҲ⣬Ϊĵ˵ֻܹ
Ҷ΢΢ü߶ֻţ̽ǰȥǰûκζ֮ĺУֻɫ̨֮ϿտҲһֻһȭͷСĹʵ
ϢǴöصĹʵ֮д޾
⡭ѵĹʵ
ҶĿöʵпȥֻʵ͸ƺĿռ䣬ϸϸȥвȻֻʵ֮ϵУطǺһƬδͬһ΢磡
ܹоöʵΪأеȻ׵ͬĴ
Ҷԭ²ֻһ绨ȴû뵽绨֮⣬һ绨Ѿ۵У
ĺ֮Уһɫ΢΢ҡҷȡöʵ֮еĲ
۵꣡
Ҷͷ۾ȻԼ걣ĹʵУԼʵĶʱպ͹Լ겻࣡
۹Ȼ־Զֶΰٳ˵أԼĴĹӡԼ꣬ȴٴ䣬Ա㸴
˿֮Ϊ˻ڶΪ˳ֶΰٳۣԼʮ˾ʮ˲ĺģĹ׽ӣԼ
ЩǿߵֶΣ۶ѷɫһϾ졢Ѿֽ⣬أֻʵеĶعɱԼ겻
޸ֻأֻпܴӳ˯иգϣ󣬳ܹؾ۲л꣡
ؾ۲л꣬޷쵽ԣ
ҶͻȻ뵽ؼ֮ĵĹʵ֮УȻ磬¥еһ㣬ֻ۵꣬絽ȥˣ
˼⣬ԪʼµӣȻĹʵ֮Żöʵֻ֮һ۸
ѵ˵ҽȡ磿һܣǾ˵أʵеȡߡ
Ҷüͷϸϸ˼˭ֶΣܹ۵ȡʵ֮е磬˼ȥֻκҲûֶΣܹͬʱԿǿߵĹ
һֿܣǾ˵صˣһӵˣֻǽɣǡ
ҶɫأĵǴŽɵĲл˵صϻ۾
񣬹˰ΣĹʵɷ֮УҲûж۵ɫ̨֮߳Ĺĵϻ۾Ļ۵֤֮Ҳ뱻ȡˡ
֮Ĺ⣬ۿȥֻһ飬޾ͻȻһµ뷨
ԪʼƬ칬һĹ¡ҲΪ˼ѣǾȴٴ䣬ЩѾŵĴڣͳͳЩĹ֮УҲЩԶ֤ͥڵĲл꣡
ЩԶŵ֤ڣһͳͳǸһεȿֲ׳Σ
ʱ֮ͳ
ҶǸֲĳ棬Բ֣֮˸ս


1005 Ĺؼ
ֻ޸תԪʼۺԶŴ֤ͥڣһ𸴻ƱޱȿֲΣ
Ԫʼͳ֮ȥԪʼΪ׵ĹɣΪ׵׵ȼǿߣԻѣ粻棡
ΪԪʼȴڣƶΪܹؾ۲л꣬иչ
ҶüͷعκһǿأʿԪ
ǿͬԪʼҲûأԪֽ⣬Ƭʿһǿߡ
˵ؾ۲лǾܵ顣ԪʼȾ֣ƫƫº֣ȴ֮ͳ϶޵ķʸǶѾԤϵʲô϶Լܹؾ۲л꣬л֮
λǿߣෲµĺ֣ʮ꣬µۻ֮λĲʲôˡ
ǡ
ҶͻȻ뵽һܣ˸ս૵޸ָתǲſܸ
ҶֻصĹѾ˽⣬֪ȫָ䣬˸
ֻصĹãǽ¼ĻͳͳͳͳͳָתὫԪʼԼ֤ۡǿߣԼʴۡԶŴʱ֤ǿߣΪؾ۲лָ꣬ǵ꣡
ʱҪ˲ЩϹ︴
ҶȻĿɨƬ칬ֻһĹʤһЩĹ˶ÿֲ
ԪʼЩϹѻ˵ԪؾǵĲл꣬ǽЩ˵ԪֱӳߣЩ˱ɣ
۾ȴڣʱѳڿ飬ɾʿԪʼĴڣѵø࣡
ʴۡԶŴʱʤ֤Ĵڣ֪ж٣ʱһЩ֤Ĵڸ
ҶڷɽУһ飬Ǽ˴ʱЩ֤ĴڵĽ֣ۡ桢ϾȹϵĴڣһһЭԼأ
ֺֻ׳ĳ棬пܻߵָʱ̶Щڸ
ЩڲԶֻʱѾԪʼ¶ɽĺ֣ȴ޸ͳ
ͳ֮ȻôпᣬҪ֮Ϊͳ֮Ļ֮ͳ֮Ŀ˶ѡһеǰǣԭֻأ
Ҷ񲻽˸սķһĻˣѣ±֪٣ǵԪҲȥɾ͹ۣù۸
쾭Ҫɣֻأѵ˵ͳ֮Լ
ԼЩˡѣԼѵԼУ
֮⣬Ҳ׷ħʺ϶ԪʼѼֻƬ֣
Ҷо칬ȥ󲿷ֻصƬԪʼı֮УЩƬ֣֮ҵУ
ֻأֻҶܸԭв֪ǻͨҲͼ޸ֻأʹԼܹڶá
ֻطһֻأֻõֻƬ̫٣ֻһ飬Чǿ
һλۣҲõ飬ƳɱΪ֤֮йֻصķ
ֻƿֻأҶŻӵпԪʼ۵İաˣЩֻƬϵɴڵĹϵڱصã
Ԫʼ֮еֻƬֻҵУ˭ұɱ˭
ûãҶ㽫Ƭ칬һ飬ֻûҵԪʼ֮ĹҲδҵԪʼı⣬вǽꡣ
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Ƭ̣ҶȻſ۾䣬ĿԶȥֻ޾ãģһʮظԭ֮ϣһﴫ
Ԫʼı⣬Уϻ۾ԽȥҶȻҲԣ
Ҷ侲ѰֻƬȻҪħʺ˷ͻ
ֻƬڱصãҲǺǵǿÿһľУҶʵҪǿ
ǰȥǰ̧ͷȥֻԽԵøߴǰһ֤֮ɢ˵ļ¶ӣħʵ󱦴ȫţǿ
֮⣬кɽ񣬲ɽӡ֤֮۾յ۾УֱǴ߶
ˣħҲԽԼĵ̯һۺħ۵ʬ𣬽Ϣͣޱߣһħ԰Եħأÿһħ۷ۣҪôǽӽ֤ҪôѾ֤
ӴֱʣǰԵüΪСӡɽ֤֮൱һĴ֮һչռ䣬ױ֮£
ʷǿ֤֮ȣЩﻹԶԶѷɫ
Ҷ񿴵ħˣδӽԶԶվסԼһԪʼۻͼۻ֮ĸӦǿȡ˱
ǣδ߶Ҳ޷
ħʺ˶ǴüͷԭΪֻҪõԪʼۻܴȡȴϻ޷
۾Ҳˡ
ͻȻƳҶ񣬺ǺЦ۾֮ĹУһջķɣ
ħҲһҶҶЦеииСЩ㱻۵
ΣͻȻЦ۾õԪʼĴУͨԪʼһҪˡ
ħɫһݣĿ⾯裬Ҷһ֤֮ħ۷۵ϢţҰԵ
ҶһݣЦЦĿһۣЦǾͨԪʼͽߣλһһɱڴˡ
ħϢ䣬ħʵ۾а취ܹУ
ҶĿЦСܲţԴ˵֪һ
۾֪ȡԡ
ǺЦ˿ɢƷδа۾ܹǰӣ档
ǿнȻ⵽֤֮Ĺû˿ܹƽС
λǿ䣬⣬Ҷ˵֣һҪ£ˣѻǣ


1006 ɱ
ҶЦλȻ֪βܽûкôСܿɲɡλʦóСҲֻ̰ҪǸԳһԪʼۻң̹档
ħʺĬ˿ۻû˿ô޷κ˵ȴҲǿпޣֻѰڲͻƣѰҼ֤֮İ취
Щ˲һģ˴֮ҲܼɵȻҶԸ⽻İ취ôܲȻãöʱ͵Ϯ
棬ǺһЦһۻ͵Ҷǰ۾Ըɮ˰ɣ
Ҷۻ̳֣ӡɨһգ˿ħʣЦеʣѵǲ֪֮еķ
ħһһĲˬһۻͻȻֻ￩Ц֪ˡԭֻۻԴݽУ
һҺ£ҶŭɱڣŭĿӡ
ɫ΢䣬ɱЦСӣǿ㲻ˬȫ㣡
˸Դ߶˴˵ıҧгݣ޲ô֣Էɵ
۾Ȼթƭ˴һۻ
ħʹЦͻȻһۻȥЦ󣬶лָ㣡
⼸ɫҶһۣΨֱħռȻæҲһۻŭ۾ƻɮ˲ֹһۻĶ񵱣ʧȥλԵ
ҶＸͬʱתͷĿħ˿ȥֻλХУδ𶯣˽С
߶ۻȷܹȫҵĲ²󡣡ҶЦ
Ҳ˿üЦ뵽취ԪʼۻУֻǲȷǷܹеͨһʧ֣ᱻɱȷС۾Ƕðգ
ҶӶЦϧ֮⡣
Ƕ˶ȷϴ߶ۻܷ񲻴ƽУ˲ŻղһĻôħǰȥ̽·
۾ʹյ۾Ŀ࣬Ŀͬһ˵ŮвȻ
ԹŮ˼թıٳ˰ϣȷԩ۾вͬ뷨
ҶЦ赺ϣҶ֣ʲôʲôħʣͳͳΪ塣
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Цû֦Ҳ۾㲻±㱳ͱӣᵣͱĵأ
컯Ūˡ
Ҷ̾˿ͻȻһתЦղűĲˣʵӦõҽħеۻҲƭٳԽҴҲ١
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ҶĿֻ£߶ۻ뱦֮УЦһᣬλ֣
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𶯣ԭƽıȻޱȿ񱩣Ȼ۷棬ΪѾĳ̶ȣʮһӳټ˽ľٻʱ궯ֱӴ߷֤֮һܣ
һ޷ĺΰӰ𵴶£һһѹȥ
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֮ȷ޷ɸΪ񲯣ֻзֳʤδŹңҲδŹ㣡
Ҷ˫һͬʱȥһһȭһֻţͬʱֻŷɳһȭγײںϣ漴һԪ֮УϷٻܣһѹ£
أ
۾յ۾ĴǿߣµͬʱըƷֽ⣬Ѫ
źѹ£ɽ񡢲ɽӡ޷֧ţɽӡ׹䣬ɽɣޡ㡢۾Ѫ߽⣬𵴵÷飡
۾Խ֤֮֮УδܵĴҲ⵽شһʱƬ̼ԻָԪ

۴Ȩӭܣǿʵڽһܻ飬漴ֻ׹䣬ݺ۴Ȩײһǣ촫һ죬Ҳ̲סһѪ˿裬ɽͲɽӡ֮зɶݶȥ
һ׷ɱңʱǨֵ׷ɱˣ
ҶĿЦһӽһȭȣһӭϣ˶ƴһǣʱ𵴣֪ǳֱ飡
ֻŷ󵱼߶Ȩӭţȴ֮Уһ̳ѹ£漴ַɳһâһħͬʱз󳪣ӿһ˫ӲӴֺݺ£
ʮҲͬʱٴٻ֮д𶯣Ȼѹ£
ҶٱŮܹٻΪ᲻֪ӵԪʼƶɣͬҲԼԦԪʼĴ
ڷ裬˿һΪǿĹ߳أ˿ƺɽͲɽӡ֤ܴ֮߶߰˰ˣܺȣӭֻźĴ֤֮
ͬʱâţȻǣеĴƷٻܣ
˿âħͷ۽֤֮ƶȥǿ֤֮ƿȨɱҶˣ
âħͷ۽˿ƣ̫顢˾͹ȵ۾ƿȥ
ǿ󣬺ޱųǵǿŮӣĴǿ֮һ
ȻѲΪҪɱ㣿ˡ
Ҷͷڷ裬ͬħͬ壬ֻٴκ£Ȩػͬʱһȥһȴǹ󣬶ǹԪʼۻ

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ۻոձҶ𶯣ǵذѹ£
ûۻ̱ɱһߣҶʵĿģ
𶯣ӴƥԶ֤֮Σңæٴμһۻڹ·֮ϣȴҲ˲ֹһ
ۻոռ𣬱漴Ҷһƻ飬شֻţ
ٴμһԪʼۻȡ֤֮ɱҶˣˡҶɱ𵴣¥һͬɳ˾̫顢Ǭȵ۾վ֮ϣٴμԦ֤֮ȥ


1007 ȥ
ԪʼۻֵȨݺأϣâħ౦һ£
ּɽ񡢲ɽӡ֤֮ȼֵ¥̳Ϯ
䣡
ֻźͷٻһ£ʱѪҶһһ̳ǰһȥӴô롣
·գ
Ҷףȥֻ׷̳âħ۽¥ȱײ׷Ϯ
ǰͬһٵصħһȭһţѣ౦ﻷ䣬һС
ѸٸԭȨӶҶĹƵ¡㡢ޡ۾ҲڴʱԻָ߶ɽͲɽӡ漴ٴαҶǬ̫۾˴߶֤֮÷ǣ
۾Ϊ㣿ҲҪһ·
ڱҶƵ;ĩ·ȫ߶֮ڵشӿʱڣΣϤӳ۴Ȩ֮У
䶯𶯲񷡣
ͬһ߸ϵۣе۴Ȩƿؾеľͳͳ
ǿһԪ߶˫ֶΣӴȨӿ֮ʢԿԴҶ֤Ĵͨɱ
꣡꣡
ڣıȻȫ߶ԼҲⲻסʱܻᱻ飡
ҶɫʱޱأղռϷ磬ҲûɱѾԤϣȻѾ;ĩ·Ϊ𣬵ƴһ֮£ȷнҲ·Ŀܣ
λ۾һӳֻţ
Ҷ䣬ֻ̫۾һУâХɻأ󣬶˾۾Ҳٻصħħ߸¡һ죬һӲӵĴҲֻ֮У桢۾Է֮ڡ
ǬɲԱȣֳħΰ
ֻط컯ʮҲ䵽ֻ֮С
λ۾ʮȫ߶ԵΪӳֻţ裬
ֻ֮ϣʮʮ˲Լǧ磬ÿһؿռ䣬İٰʮħ򣬷ֱ۵£Ҳڷӳֻţ
ͬʱҶԪֻţֻ챦ܣʱ̳֤֮ͣҪǿ࣡
۾㱾һ·գ
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ɱһ㣬𺳵һĺΰռ䣬ɨһУеһԪʼۻҲһз飡
ĴǿߣǿһζײԻһĹ
ʷǿ֤֮Ҳζײ𶯣ݣ

Ȼըѣ˿裬漴һ˿飬ʧֻʣ۴Ȩ۹ڣԼɽ񣬲ɽӡƯڰ֮У
ҶľȻվԭأֻ֮ϣĴ鲼߲Ѫᡢֻط컯򸾡ͷʬ޴棬̫顢˾Ǭɲۡɡȵ۾ҲԱһ÷ǣ
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飬һȻû㣬ʵǳԤϣ
Ȼ֮дֻ𶯣ӿ˿㽻֯һɽɽӡ֮УӵԴС
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ЦҲʵ㲻£ȡԼ
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أ
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Ҫɱңֻȴݻҵֻţұǲ㱻ȥ֮һֻֻһζѣڣһΣΪ㻹ӳҵģ
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Ҷһֻĵħ׷׳֣飬֮ϣһۡħۡ˻ʴ۵ȵȴһһ֣֮ϡ
һУҲ˿ڴôǿߣΪҲЩ׽󣬶ҶԼǼֻŵĸɾûʣ¶Ϊ
ǿߣǿֲޱȣҵʵ̣Ȼδܽնɱֻһ䶥ڲ֮䣬ħҪһߣΪǿҪսʤˣֻϼѡ
ǿ֮˾壬ҶȻҲλ֮һֻ󲢼޷оԵơ
ԭΪ֤۾ʱѹֻѡҪԾԵƣһٽͳͳѹ£ֻ޳۷۾ӽľ磬ܰ쵽
Ҷ΢΢ü漴ȥĵۿĶȷ쳣ӵ۶ĪҲϵ
۵Ķ绨о׷ôʱڣ֮϶Ȼ绨
Ҷ֪Σһ绨ʵԼ꣬ڴԼܹȵʱ
һζڲʱڽλɴڣɶĹʵɵ飬ή绨鹬˽ɲŻᾫͨڶ׷š
һ绨ûнֻʲôҶҲö֪
ĵһռ䣬ͻȻᡢ컯ֻطƺһ׷״ֻ֮ϵ̫۾Ǭȵ۾Ҳ¶ݣŲȣ£䳾
һ֤֮ɢİܣҲһϢģû˰
ҶһֻԼΪҲͻȻ޷תڴĸҲһͳͳȥ
ɵĹ򡭡
ǰһƬ羻ޱ칬ΪԶŴʱ֮ͥУ
ԪʼȻԼ֮Уʮ磡


1008 ʮ֤֮
ͬɽ׵Ĺ򣬵ѹҪȷɽ˲֪ٱ۾ѹƣ֤֮Ҳûԭ嫵Ĳ
̫۾ݣ̧ͷв¶֮ɫ૵Ԫʼͥ磬ѵ˴ڣ
˷׷վĳȣ˲ͬ棬ͻȻһͥ磬ǿϣ
˵ĻұҲԳ
ǬħҲȻ૵гҲһֳ
˵ȷ׷׵ͷԪʼֶʵھˣȻʮ磬Ⱦ绹Ҫ׳׳ĿôǱڴ˵кη
Ԫʼˣкܹ
ҶЦһĴ˵Ļ룬Ԫʼ޷Ľ֣οƵױе磿
̫۾˳ĬҶĻȻ飬˵ȴʵĿĻԪʼҲͲڴ˵شʮ֪ͥˣ
ҶͻȻ̽ƣһץгһشϸϸ鿴һȻ¶ϧ֮ɫ
ɣѹ񲻳Ԫʼͳ
´ֻ칬ֻûκЦ֮ļ˵ԪʼԼߴ·Ԫʼȷߴˡ
Ԫʼ׵ȴڲɵڵʮ죬׵֮СʮĴɵȴ׵ĵУɲΰ롣
չͥ磬Ϊɣڲĵɲΰ룬޷ˣҲͬ޷棡
ɲԪʼɵֶΣҪһͥ磬Ȼһֻʮŵ磡
ͬԪʼ׵ķпʮ죬Ҳ׵Ĺ׵ĹɵĹ໥׷ɷУͳͳ޷ã
ҶҲʶΪԪʼ˵Լߴ˵·
Ǭʶ㣬ԵͷԪʼ磬ɣֻ´˿ӭǵģǵذˡ
ԪʼȷǿᣬȻ׵Ĺ򿪱ٳľƽ⡣
ҶеĴ̾ԪʼֶμΪɵĹǿ»ΪѲסʵȻʮУС磬תΪͨ
ֻţգ
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ᾶԴ£ͷһʮ磬ͨ׵δ⵽ѹơ
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УԿԷӳ쳣ǿΪҶıܷȡϵϡ
ҶֻţУֱƬģЦˣ̫ʻ죬Ԫʼʮ죬ȻһױΪĺģֻҪױƿһ磬һ֣ϲĻĺģȻһѿ󸫡
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Ҷͣ½Ų̧ͷȥѸͷǵεǿߣƵıԶ֤֮
ѾȡʼСٿһС޼ʣͷӣ⣬ҫ貣γɴСС
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ҶЦһŷγڶȥֻһתٴǺЦҷдȱ֮ģҲнħ֮ŭ۾ڤ粻飬أҷҲݲ㣬һܻһǬ
ͺǵõѴͷһһƤĺڵǬŭ
øħͷҲɱĲ㣡
ȱЦݣȴȻ䣬Ҷ񲻼˼æ߶ֻţֻһ츫һֻ֮ϣֻͬҶˣһĵڶ㡣
Ҷɫ࣬ĨȥǵѪֻţֻ֮ϳһĿĵĸۣƶɵı
ֻţķ˲֪ٺϽ֤֮֮⣬۴Ȩʼδֺû뵽츫һ֮Ҳܲס
ֻţþ۱ĲΣͷᱻ飡
ĵڶȴ̫죬ҶԪʼ·ϣħȡ˵ڶ칬ۻֱͣͯȥ
ոճ𣬱̫Ĵ𶯣һӡ챦ҫգջʯһ㾧Ө
ӡȻħʣ
Ҷɫһһۻһ磬ħʵõۻȻܹȡ֤֮ӡ
ͯıӦñȡˣ
Ҷ˿ͣͣ㣬һ磬ĵȡ칬ۻģǲ𣬲Ѿȡߣ˸ߵ֮Сһ·Ҳδٴ䣬ѾѰʬõҲõһԪʼۻпܻõ
йʮ磬ȻʮƵ֤֮ÿһνǺĴɱǰ漸ѾȡߣҶֻܴӺ漸취
ҶоͻȻ뵽ҲȡһۻͶֻҲջ
ҲõۻҴøɸɾѱûв˽˽Ļ϶ܹõʮ֤֮
ʮ֤֮Ԫʼ̫ǿ̫󣬹ͬʮ磬ЩκһԶκ֤֮һ޵£ο˵ؾȻʮ֮࣡
ңʮҲǶĹؼʮԴȡʷǿ֤֮
˲ۻЩֻһҲ䲻ҵУͳͳᱻЩһϷָɾ
Ҷڰ֮Уۻҵѱ˿϶޷ȡıᣬ̸Ӧ˵صıϵĲĻ˵صı϶̫ͼǬԣǵϣǿ֤֮


1009 ǿĶ
ᵱ߶Ԫʼչʮ죬һŮʮ֮߳ȫӦ̫ͼķλ
̸оһϢŮۻ໥ӦϢޱȣ̫⣬Գһ磬Ϊʵ޷ױԼ̫ۻױǣǰٷȥ
̫ۻȻ㽫̫ۻɣ̫ͼУ
Ϊ̫ͼԪʼڵʱƵ֤̲֮صǿޱȣΪȻǽӽȣʮǧ
Ϊľ磬Խ̫ۻ̫ͼǣ̫ͼȡ˱
ֻ̫ͼ̫ۻɣ

ͻȻӿһ̫ۣŮ۲ָӦ߶̫ͼ
ҶҲ֪Ϊãȡ̫ͼ̫ۻӳ֣ࡣ
ֻ˵̫춶ݣҶֻΪǼδ֤̳֮գ֤֮֮ǿ֮Զ֤֮֮ϣȻķ
ҪշȱֻƾޱΪ
ħʵܹ֮ȡΪԪʼۻӵа벽ʵȡ˱úķѰ벽ǿΪܰ쵽
޷֧ţҶķǿʵĻܳܵ
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̫ĴضȻѿֻһ޴ͼ¡¡תͼ֮ϣһĽŻǣڰתָԣˮӿһһڵˮ֮УˮǴ֮ӿ
ͼһһĪ˼ˣ·𿴵һĵݻǧ飡
ñ
Ҷ۾һ̫ͼתԽԽС߷ͬʱͻȻֻ¡һ죬ֻһӡڿն̫ͼȥȻ㽫̫ͼѹҶ޷ȡ˱
ʣһ
ҶһֻֻŶȻ𣬾ӭ̫ͼͼٿֻ֮Уֻϵ̫ݡ
ӡ䣬ţֻֻ֮ϵˮŷأȻӡ£
ǵǿķչֻܷ޷۾㵲סޣ
ħ۾һֻ֮̽ץȥȻǴֻ֮У̫ͼץ
Ҷ΢΢ЦħʵĴץֻ֮Уֻ𶯣ħʵĴֶʱ籬ѣʹһӡ㳤ȥ
ʣ̫ͼȻûжٹҵֻȴСأҶЦδ׷ɱħʣħʵʵڴҶ񾭹սޣȡ̫ͼҲûжΪħʿ⣬ֻǽħʾ߶ѡ
Ա֤εȼѣ֪ҪķѶ²ܰ쵽ܾԪʼʮ֤֮ҵֻžɾ֤֮ʱ䣬ҽƳɳԽ֤֮Ҳʮİա
һȥͬʱħʡҲڶһۻշ챦һ֤֮ȡ
үڷٽ͡
ͻȻüܸӦÿһ֤֮󽵵һ֡
ҶͷҲܸо˥֮Сʮ֤֮ͳͳȡή͵㣬ԽԽбȡĿܡþǰУʣµ֤֮˵У
˥Ҷ񲻸ҵԴ֮У֣ͬʱ߶Եۻܿ㽫Ƭ֮е֤֮ǣֻ¡һ죬һ޴ı죬Ҷȥ
͵һֻ֮Уеݣ
һ̫УҶоӿ׷磬ֻһڿնһ֪Ϊ
ľʮ֮УռȻܹȡŴ֤֮
ҶȻҲ̷ҶټȻһȥЦ۾ֻôħúôʮ֤֮ͳͳ꣬һս
һ㣿
ҶЦҵһ·ǰȥ˲֪ã̫徳⣡
һ·ϣȡ˻Զ飬޼ͼͥ츮ԪԨŵȵȱټ̫ͼʮ֤֮Ϥֻ֮Уӳţ
ǿ÷˼ÿһ𶼿ȵ۾һǿ󣬼ֱ޾ֻǴ߶ΪķΪ
ʮ֮У̫徳徳徳ߣ֮е֤֮ȻԶ徳΢죬֤֮±ܷȡĹؼ֮
Ҷ񵱼̫徳죬ƬصĴƽ̫飬һΪ޲Ϊĸо
ȥжʱһ̫徳ıȻѾߣϢõ
ԣԡ
ҶͻȻ̫徳еıӦΪǿ֮һ˵Ҳúķµʱ䣬ر
ıﱻߣܲ
һ·ħʡǶû㹻Ϊʵܹڶ̶ʱȡ˱ֻûм䡣
ҶǰУ徳ȥĵҲʵȡ˱ѵ˵ǸɢƷĴڣô
Դ徳죬һ徳ıҲѾȡ
ֻˣֻ˶̵ʱڣȡ֤֮
Ҷɫأ⣬𣬲ħʣҲ󣬸˵䣬ΨһɵģֻλɢƷǸڣ
Ѿõ㹻ĺôС֤֮ҵУռ˱˱ߡ
ɫ粻ͻȻ˿䣬ҴӦ棬Ҫ̽ѰǷʦתһߣҲûл֪ࡣο
Ŀ㣬һ㣬徳΢ȥԪʼռֻƬֻҵУԵֵ֮
ȷǿֻܵУҵҪһΪһȻ
徳΢죬ʱޱߵϮǵأѹһɵ׵ͳͳʧ
ħʡ˴߶һ֤֮չ󣬿ʱգƿһλϵĴڹȥ
λϵĴգħʵ˴߶֤֮ʼղȻڹͨ徳֤֮
ǿƥܼ֮еĴǣӳ
Ԫʼ
Ҷ³һˣӦóƺΪԪʼħ


1010 Ԫʼħ
ϴڷ˿ħħͷһϵĹɣһ
ʣһ׽֮Уʵ޷ԪʼնĶ
ΪˣŻ˸оֲ
ԪʼǿĴնĶĴۣͳ˹еĵ۾棬㼫Ϊֲ
Ϊؼǣǲ飬ǿߵĶγɣնԽǿγɵĶҲԽǿ
ǲûԪҲֻнȥпܽնɱ
ңҶʶЩҲԳɳԪ֮зӡնĶħ񣬱ǿ֣ʵŰѻԪ𶷵Ŀơ
ԪʼĶԪʼħѾʱ䣬ǿ󵽺εȳ̶ȣ˭Ҳ޷Ԥ⣡
ħǿߣԦʮ֤֮ΧҲֺ˵ʵѾﵽĲΣ
Ҳڴ˵أ
ҶĿһתͻȻվԪʼħԣвǲ죺ôԪʼħһ𣿡
۾һ֣
ҶдϲȵԪʼնĶʵǿƥƿҵͳͳҪ֮أҲ޷⣡
۾ѵͷӦþǰӣֿУ
ħҲɫأǱƿ徳΢֤֮κ˶޷ֹȡ磬죬ȻҪѣ
ҶţԪʼħʩһ񣬳ԪʼħĴۣͳߵ磬绥ΪҪȡ
ױΪұ㲻ȡ˱
Ԫʼħɫһ۵ȣЦջԼƵı쾭壬ǣҵıҪɱңʲô
ŭ֪ٷӷ棬뿪ŭȣ㲻ԪʼնĶԪʼأԪʼΪλὫն
ԪʼħǺһЦֱܷôҲնԼĶΪλΪνննǣԼЩͷԼĴһˡ
˫֣أЦԪʼ֮Խնһ棬ì֮һףͬ׵֮ȴֻɵָͥơƲɼãƣֲɱ䣬ĨƽһУһ磬ȴΪµƶһйڻޣȻٵأܴһȱ硣ʶնʱҴնԪʼңͬҲԪʼֶֻμһЩˣϣ𡣡
ͷһԪʼ֮Ӵ˱ɼһߣһ棬նһǿ῰ȵܵУ
ںеûʷĳ֮УֻңһҲԿԪʼֻҪʤһߣ
ԪʼͬڹȥһڣҲͳ
Ԫʼħ߶һ񾵣Ӳ˵ĹֻգһִΪ޲ΪĸоȻûжٹȴħʵ˵Ĺͳͳ£ЦΪԼߴ·ȴΪԼ·ߴˡҴǾĴ󣬲ҷ磬صӦеĹȥ
¡
徳΢𶯣ȻԪʼħѾͨһ֤֮ȡ
ϢԽǿͻȻĵ𣬻ĵţȻ徳֤֮Ľ
ĵأĵţħʵͳͳڽ֮УһӴĽź¡£Ҷȥ
ҪΪػ죬ȻһУƶλǶҿأµĹ谭ԱҪ
ԪʼħǺЦԪʼǰΪ˷ңڴ˵زɱֻ֣Ҫҽɱֱչʮɱ֣ĥ𣬰һΪСˣҪƽɱ֡
ɽ֮Уħʺͬʱվһ䣬նԪ꣬һйڻޣֻܼȡʮϵֿ⣬Ԫʼħ
ɽ֮УҶҲֻţֿϮȴˣԵࡣֻŰʮֺΰ徳֮УҲһɽ󣬵ͬԹͨɽţ߽⽣
ͬʱĵۺϣӿ徳΢֮Уͼ徳΢ƿȨ
޷﹵ֻͨͷܸӦ
ֻлܷΪʤ
ǽʮȡ˴룬ܴҲ޷
ԪʼħЦˣǽҪ⵽ĹҪһҽУȡƿأѡĩս𾭣дã𣬱ϡ
ɽĹԽң֮УǵأѹһʮȥһУնһУôħʵ˵Լ֮еĴͳͳۣǵԪ꣬Ҳնǧٿף类նɱ
ΨҶֻ֮Уûܵ˿˺
ҵˣ
ҶһϲڸӦ徳΢ϢֻŶȻһɽŵķƿնߣȻ׹棬ڵص״ֱǹϢڶȥ
ţ۾㾹Ȼɽ󣬲С
ԪʼħһһʱЮɽ̫񾵺ХͬҲ׹֮УĽƿشأɻޣֱ׷Ҷ
ʵǿƥħʵ˶Юڽ֮У޷ѣ
飬֮УʵǿǱֻ֤ţԱ֤ס
ԪʼħҶ֮Ŀ棬̾ԪҲ֣֣ѵԼ֤ܸ֮о֤ţѷ֣㲻ãҪ磬еأýЩ֣һ򾡣ܲһ谭
ҶȻδܹ쾭֮û뵽Ԫʼħһۿ㶴ۻ𣬽֤֮ͳͳ÷
Ƕ˵ٶȼ죬ʱ⣬ڼ֮Ŀĵأֻһо֮һùڵص֤֮ʤ
ֻصϢ
Ԫʼħһݣ֮ܵдϢ漴ЦֻزԪʼ֮Уѹ޷շ˱Ԫʼڴ˵شֻƬҲǳȫңҿأҪֻΪ֮٣
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öȻֻһȽȽڿգ¡¡һɽţԪʼħײȥ
֮ϣһϥ֣̽һƸԪʼħͷ


1011 ħ
Ԫʼħֲ֮ϵһͷʱͷ­صһը漴ײ÷飬ħӿ
ħʵڽʱɽ֮иȥвȻ˲üڴ˵أǳûԶݣ޲òɣ뿪Ƿ֮أ
ǣԪʼԪʼħ֮սȻ֤Щǿı̬ǰ¸޷㣡
һţţԳرͼȡҴȥĵ̵ĺô࣬òȴҲǲ
ħ̳صףҲǸԺХȥȥ
Ԫʼ֮أ౻ѹһգ˴Ҳõʮȥ֮󣬱ȥ֮ĹܷлԵշõ֤ĴУ
۾ȴǿ棬ֻˣ
ͷһۣĵҲã˴αȥ֮󣬱նɱۻۣʶλ֮սĻ
徳΢ĵصף֮УԪʼħ᲻ʣȻ֣ƾһ֤֮ȴ˲ң
ޱ޼ʣ徳΢ɴĴɣ˿̾Ȼʴ߽⣡
ħȾ۾޹֮õ۾ǿħ
֮ϣλΣֻǿĿͳԪʼħԼԼڣ㲻߳棬Ϊʳԣ
ħ۳Σֳһ޴ףǺЦѾ˰֮ã֮ԼȻϡ
Ѿ˰𣿡૵
Ҷͷһ𣬴λڶԻУ֪һʱԪʼħ֮һսⳡս϶Ԫʼħʧܶգԣ겻뿪棡
۵ķɣɼһߣ
Ԫʼħǰܹѹ㣬ȻҲܽԪʼʮѹ
֮ϵҲһӰĻڣԼ֤֮ڴ˵أãЦϵҪ˵أȡ绯磬Ҳ֪ҵȷûնɱ㣬סһʱȴ鷳ͯ죡
ֻһ֮ϵ۱͵һ£ڹħ֮С
ζ죬ޱӣʴħֳ棬ͬҶʩչӡѹħĵħͷƽһ㣬ֻȴͬն
ͯǡǡԪʼħĿǣԪʼħʵ̫ǿƾʮ޷ѹˡ
죡
죡
˾죡
죡

֮ϵӰһ£ħ֮Уһ췭ڲݣ漴£ѹϿգħѹħηʼ޷ۡ
˲ֹһԪʼۻ𣡡
Ҷ֣λǰʵۿ϶ϵһԪʼħᰴ಻סͼȡ£ãȡʮ֮רſħ죬º֣ѹԪʼħ
ֶΣʵ֮һ޷ȣ
ѹҶã
Ԫʼħɴ˷¼޷赲ңʱͳͳҪ֣֤֮ҲҪУ
Ƕ֮ϣӰţΣк𣬷׷£ѹħֻޱߵħ𶯲ݣʴǶ
ԪʼħЦۣҲϵҾȻа֣ѾãȡֻƬ
ҶĿɨȥֻһֱԪʼħߵĵȻѾӰ٣Ӧǽ֮С
гĺĺɴѾ£ҵĺɴȴҪ࣬໥ӡ֤䵽ҵ쾭С
ҶһоΪѹԪʼħ˵ȴһѵõļ໥ӡ֤֮£쾭
ֻǵѾ֮УϾڴλ۵Ľ
ֻ֮Уһۻ£֮⣬۴ҶԼȴƿõĴš
ŻʱһɹԶϢֻŤתӴϢҲ޷ڣ
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أܹԼĽŲֻ֮ϣ컯֮Ҳ¶֮ɫϻ۾ǧ࣬ɲƵ͵˵أΪľýɸ˶Լ
ʲô
ֻ֮ϣһ۾ͻȻĿֱֻڿռһſǳз裬۳һƴϵ
Ŀˣܿ㷢Щǳǳһ˶ױɢļ¶
ö۱ǿǬҲʧɫʧе
֮۱ڴˣγһӴϵǺεȵ׳ۣ
ô۱ϵǿߣͳͳװ޷ĵЩױİٷ֮һ
ԪʼȻһ޴ı⣡
Ǭ˾۾ҲͲס׷֣̽ʩչͨЩƯڰе۱ץȥ̫۾ϺˣҲ̲ס֣շһ۱
ԪʼôıѵΪ˽֮׼
Ҷ´ǿ߱Ҳûô۾ֻйǿһһпõ˶ױ
ָʱһԶعδģףԻҪֵױֻнǿĴڲƽ֮أָܻͥʢ
ôıҶ̲סġ
Ȼһֻŷ£ȴź¡һʱ޴һ۱𣬷׷ȥ
ֻ֮ϣλ۾ϲ׷վĿתסӵĵ۱̽ץȥȡԼеı
Ƭ̣˱㶼ջ񣬵ȡıֻɵ۱ʵ΢ֻżڼ֮䣬ɨƽһƬ
Ҷֻڴ˵أϵģ˶ֻƬƯɢһأƬ֮Уһ궥صĴΪơ
ֻ߽ѾήҶ㣬֦ɿݣеĴʧɾҶܹоѰĴϢ
ɵĹ
ͥʱ֧
Ҷһɻζήѵĩսɵ˥ԣĩսήͻҷ𣬲ڣԪʼҲ޴Ѱҵӡ
ǰһ̽ͻȻֻһ۾֮ĶԹһ˽ˣ
ҶѭȥȻʧЦ䣬ˡˣҵʬô


1012 ǿѹ
߸վĶˣҶӣĩսϢֲ
һ־޴ĺӿ֣飬鲼գɭ£·һŴ죬һС
£ήӴƥƾһޱȴִ֦Խһϣ
飬û뵽ɣҾȻлޱѰҸ壬õʮ
ѹͷŭЦңһõԪʼħʶҶȻܹ֤ҲҪ㣬ħͳͳҪɣ
ɫ죬״񣺡ԪʼħԼ磬ͳͳҪɣҵϣвֻ࣬һ˲ֻ࣬һ
䣬Ѿʧķˣû֮ʱ㲻ҵĶ֣֮ȻӲǡ
ҶҡͷЦԴͷ𶯣ľеɵͱȻСʱӴȫʢʱֻܹᴩͥʱգ
ȥҪѰҵϻ۾ټֻʵһʱƬ̼Ѱϻ۾ʬ
ϻ۾ʬӦñڴ˵أһ¥ɵ¥֮ڣ֮󣬶Ȼͼֻأֻأýת
Ҷ΢¥ڸֳӦϻ۾ķλ¥ϻ۾ƶɵȻʬصĸӦ

һĩսϢ¥ȥҶĸӦ߸ϣ־Ц
飬еǰȻʱ治֪˵̫Ż̫ˣ
ҶɫһͻȻ¶Цݣջ¥Ц䣬㵽ţܹʤң
ҵţǰڴʱģͨ磬ͨڤϼ죬֦Ҷ棬ĩսǰվǻҷ𡣡
ЦҶ񣺡ԪҲҲǵԵ֡ĩսУעҪҵУ
ҶҡͷʧЦȥߵĶˣЦ䣬µ㻹ףҵĲԽԽ󣬾ǵ۾ȡһʮǰ㻹ֻ·һʼգ㶼ҵĶ֣ȥǣҲǡ
¶ޱǿţ˵˹ȥڣΨûἰ֮ȴ˵Ѿû˽һս
ɫһ䣬ɭȻ
Ҫ˵£
Ҷ䣬ҲһֲԤУͥȷо·𿴵ԼԪ񣬳һҲһήٵأǴǧ֮ĩսҲֺ֮϶ԭ򣡡
飬ˣ㺦УҲͬ³
¶֮ɫЦͻȻһֻʮڷɳ֦֮ϣ漴һͬ£Ȼǲʬ
һսҲᶯκױҪƾҵʵ㺨Ĵսһ֤쾭ҵĩս𾭣£
ںĳһɺ֮Ӣ˲漴ĩսǻһеϢͬڶҶȥһͷƮﲻݣ
飬ǵ۾Ҳǵ۾ûаʤңʤҵĩս𾭣Զױ
䣬ܴ֪ȡʮö֤֮࣬Ҳ˹⼤ңҪЩ㹫ƽһս
Ҷ΢΢üͻȻЦҳȫ㡣
һֻ¥漴̳ɳЦҹȡʮʮ˿̶ҵֻ֮УɷģϾûκα
飬㾹Ȼܵõʮʮʵ˵ã
۾һҶȥЦʮ۵壬ҵԪʼħҲֻõѣֻҪɱ㣬һʮҵУȻٴȡãɱ󡢴ħʣɱԪʼħԳƿ
ش𣡡
һޱ𣬾ʧ磬һȭҶȥһʱֻжʱʮ졢ǧʮ˲ޱߵĩսӿ߽⣬㸲ѹһ磬ǧѹʮ˲
˥пռ䣬ʱգӵ޾Ĺɷ׷ǴϣЩ֤ĴҲ޷ѣ
ĩսƾһ׷ش
ΪȻֻǵ۾ĲΣʵȴκε۾ýκױֱ׷
һ㶯ԼǿֶΣҶʩչɱһûаֵı
Ҷɵǿһ£ߵǵˮӿĩսγɵӿȴ޷ֺޣֻų档
վĩսٵ룬ħͬΨһĴڣ㲻㲻࣡
ĩսԽƴ󣬻أĩս𾭵ͨչֳشһлһеֶΣνˣ޷Ҷҡһ֡
䣬ҵ쾭ѳĩսٿƵķΧ
Ҷһȥһʱӿʮǧʮ˲漴ɴӿ֣ϹһΰŻϤΧУ֮ϣһ޴ֻп磬תݡ
һӿ֣ã
֤֤Ա֤Ԫױͳͳ࣡
߹֮ĩսٶʱϢģƽϢû˿ԣҵĺɴжҵֻأҲ֤ΨһĴڣ
Ԫʼ㲻Ҳֻ࣬ңſ
üĴ򿪣ϸռ֮УһȽȽĩս֮Уƽ綨ˮӿزһƽϢ
䣡
Ҷһȭ򵥵û˿仯ѾڻͨΪ򵥵һȭĵ
ŭһشӿֶӭҶһȭʱشǿ͵׷ࣵһҶһȭ䴩ϣ
صһըҶһȭҲⲻסֱӱһȭ򱬣
ĩսӿٴ䶯ͼ
ৣ
ҶԪɨ֮ĩսٷ׷ƽϢ
飬Ҫ
ĩսдŭʮȻ죬һγ𣬺Ȼǲʬ֮ϣҶԪͬʱѹ£
˿ûʮֻһ¥һ̳׾ٱԽɱЦޱȡ
Ҷαˣߵ𿿹ʤ෣õλ䣬ǲǸӣ˵˹ƽһսǳ


1013 ʱ
飬̫ˣ
ҶԪѹĩսٶʱٴӿֻĿЦйƽԣΪĿģԲһֶΣҸһֶΣȡɽ෴浳ʮ겻̧ͷֻһأʤߵȨɱ֮ҲͬĽ֣
Ȼˡ
Ҷֹͣˣޱ飬˫Ȼһţȵգ
ֻأ飡
䣡
ήܣһ˶ƥֻƬӿ໥ײ춯صľ죬ϣһ޴ֻأͬһõԲ̣Ҷ󣬼һӴ
ȻǽеƬ飬ֻʱԭ
ֻغȻӭϵһײʱײɣʬֱӱֻ飡
ֻصļ̶̳ȣҶһױҪǿǵƵҲֺܺʵǿÿֲ
⻹飬Ҷ޷߶ֻصĽֻظԭתǿ󵽺εȵزֻκ˶޷
ϻ۾
Ҷ̸оһϤϢֻ֮ϴһ𣬼æȥֻֻ΢΢תķֻ˶̲˲֪ĵ
һλĲλľ޴Ƭ֮ϣһλ׷ԲƵϣѾ֪á
Ҷܹ֮дϢжϳ˱ǽɵĴӣϻ۾
ˣ
Ҷ¥ͻȻӦϢХ𣬾ߵߣΧλƶѡ
飬Һƴˣ
䱬ȣǰȻſڣ޿ڶʱһֲĺۣҶ£
ҶĿתϻ۾ʬĳԪ৵һ䵱ˢ
ɱң
߶ҶԪ񣬵סֻصѹָ̻֪Ҷܿ⣬ˣ쭶ȥЦԪʼħڣκ˶ɱң飬ȥԪʼħڣ
ٶȼ죬˲Ϣ쭲֪ԶֱõŻȥͻȻƳõŻǰһ޴ŻҶµǿϣвɶʤСţԪʼħһɱɣұ֤
ո뵽ͻȻֻһֻ̽ץֻ֮Уֻֻ𶯣ִֻץһʮӲӣѹȴ̫֤֮
ֻݺ£
أ
䱻һ飬ޱߵĩսϢ
ֻֻôͣһĩսٴ޷£漴ֻŵŻ󿪣һɿеĩսͳͳɣ
źȻպϣлҵľʧֻֻֽ֮УͻȻ컯ɼ֮зɳֻ֮У־˻ȥ

ҶջԼĴ֣컯򸾷£Ŀעֻ֮ϵλߵӰ
ס
컯ȻĿϻ۾Σ񼤵Գ֣Ʈݣ߽⡣
ϻ۾ľ޷ħ
Ҷ̾˿һָѹڵ궯һӡչ컯ͷɨеħ
תʱ⣬õյ֣ǿϸˡ
Ҷ߶ֻֻתһۻֳӵ뵽Ҷ֮Ĵսͳͳֳȴǵչ֡
Ҷֻصǿܣʱ⵹ֻΧһ飡
ʱڲתڼ֮㽫Ĺݣһƽ糣ûκ˵أҲûκ鷢
Ƭֻ̣ӰͻȻһλߣϻ۾Ӱöֻ֮ϡ
ʱתݵλõһ̣Ȼͣطš
ҶҲЩ컯򸾲ĿתĶǰһĻ
ֻϻ۾۱ɵױ֮УֻƬͿήȥ
ƬͽɵĲл꣬ԪʼҲº֣ڵȴµɳһ·ƽƽߵ
ϻ۾ֻƬϿգӿͼֻأһ޴Ƭ߶һ𣬲ϻ۾ķ۽ʶȴֻء
ķĵúܿ죬;ƿݡ
ʲôˣҿ̽鹬ı
ȴڴʱһϵĴȴϻ۾̧ͷȥֻһӰϱࡣ
ҶһĻϤ׻У¥ĵھŲʱ棬ʱ֪˾˭ζػԪʼı⣬֪ۡ
ȻȴԼĺ֣Ԫʼħ֮еֻأ۱۵Ӱ
ϻ۾ʩͷֳɴһ̽ƣֻֻһ¥֮Уڻһ磬ȴǴۼʵ֮ȡ硣
࣬һ
۵Ӱ¥ɫݣ̾˿̯ƣֻ¥ģ¶ϧ֮ɫһ۶ҵֻһ绨꣬ڴת㶨󣬱еڶ绨ӹʵе飬ӵͨԼ̳йĴ۵ͳ֤Ԫʼֻأȱرҵȶг֮ϧ
ϻ۾ɫ֣̿ߵײѣȡһƬһ绨ȴѾή
ڶŹʵ飬Ҳ޷绨ڰ֮ϧ飬绨Ҳ˵㣬޷һŹʵˡ
ҡͷ̾ϢԪʼĲãϤգѵûϣ
־ӰҲб߽ơ
µһвãΪԼܹתӶóϣǧ㣬ȴû㵽εĳ֣һ绨㣬ɻҡ
ߣҿԿܷ磬һ˵ϣ
һָֻ¥֮Уɵ꣬ɢ֮䣬Ȼ¥½硣
ϻ۾ڵأޣף󽫽ֻأһŬ
̣ңˣΥʦɢأȻɾˣӵԪӵԪٵõ¥֮е磬˵ϣ㽫ʦĲлռڴˣϾκϣ
ϻ۾ľȻȻһαԼϣͬԼһȼգȫ߶ֻƬֻֻƬۣһõֻء
̾ϢһɵĲлֻ֮Уֻعâţһɳ˷ȥ
飬վܹת
ۻ֣¥ɵĲлһߣͷȥֻϻ۾һƬ֮ϣȻš
컯ҪʦתȥΨһ֧šֻ֪Ҳ޷ֻȥ
Ҷ񿴵һĻǧӿͻȻɬȻȥ֮Ǳ˵ʦ𡭡


1014 Ԫʼ
컯򸾽һĻУ۰ѽɵĲлֻ֮УվûнЩл飬꣬Ĳлɳ˷ȥ
ζţɴûתֽ⣬ɾ˱ˡ
һϻ۾Ƶһ¥¥һ磬ҶڣڳɾҶ
ҶɵĹϵֹڴˣǽת
¥ϻ۾ÿο¥һʱǲͣŲеִ뻽Ԫнɵꡭ
Ҷֻ֮ϵλߣг⡣
ɢ꣬Ʈ꣬ǧ꣬ڰ꣬һһΪ˵Ԫ񡣡
컯ĵһγɾ飬ٹ꣬һӵԪ˵
֤ǿߣƬ˵ԪһΪḶ́繲ۣݱһʮ֮ǻƬӵˮ¹Ԫ
ɴҲˣڽʱƬ᲻ϱɱ˵Ԫ츣һһʿǱ㲻ӵҶļһڱӵһ¥Ҳӵһ硣
ֻأݹ
Ҷ񱬺ȣԴԴӿֻ֮Уõֻٴδ߶ǰʱ⡣
ֻأҿ㵽ζ飡
ֻ֮ϣʱתҶȻǴʱ⣬һֱݵش֮ǰѰֻࡣ
ãֻ֮ϵӰ۵ˣݵǰʷ˵أͼֻأԼʼջûֻܽظԭҡͷȥȥԼĴĹˡ
Ԫʼ˵ãû˿ĶֱּһجΡ
ǰһͷԵĻ֣ϧѰҲһԵʶ߾硣ڴԭʱĴڽ֣ͳɾԪʼ
ʱǰݣ䣬ûκһƬռųĬ
ãһ˳֣ԪʼΪΪǿֻۣصƬڴ˵أȻһ̾ȥ
ҶȻע⵽Ԫʼ֮ʱ𣬴ֻ֮У
Ԫʼ겢ûлֽ⣡
ҶͷȻһ컯Ҳͬһֲ飬ͬʱҲ޵ϣ룡
Ԫʼֻתɹ˵ϣ
Ҷ񼸴طӰȴûзԪʼ֮зɳΣжʱһֻãеĹôѾƻԪʼҲûתǽֻ֮Уȴ˸ԭֻأѹۻ˵Ԫʼ˵ãû˿
ͨǰ˵ĪĻҲԼ꣬ȴֻظԭΪһĴۡ
ֻǣȻԪʼʤһԼֻƬ֮УֻҪֻظԭһĿ϶Ԫʼֻڵڶλ
ǿĴ۱ԸΪ˻ָͥʢһ϶ѹ׵ɵռȻ
۱ǴףȻԪʼΪײǵصͳڶʧ֣Ԫʼ֮
ǿ˭ռȻʤ޷Ŵ󣬿Բ£ѹƶ֣
ֻҲʡ͵ĵơ
Ҷ񴧶֤˸µ뷨ҴϢ֤ĸţϣһɷָ˳ɾ͵۾ʱն˵Ҳδѣعأʵǿᵽ㣬޷뿪Ѿ
϶֮У۽ʵУԪʼֻһԶڵȴһ죡
ЩһЩֲϹһ붼˸оֲ
ҶķģǰƣΪĵޣֻһߣתʱ⣬شΣ
ķ޷֧ȥõֻط¡һ죬·ѣɢڲã֮С
ϧҵΪǲ㣬ֻеȵ֤ȥ̽ˡ
̾˿ɢȥϣЩϧ
ǸԣҿյףѾΪʱԶ¥𣡡
Ҷ߶¥ֻһ˶ֻƬ¥𣬴¥УãЩƬڱһɨգֻʣ֮ͦڡ
ȻûɵӴľ˵ϵʥƷܹΪٳɳʶڻ£
Ҷһ¥ԽԽԽԽߣŤһʱգ£¥߷ޣ޷ס¥У
¥ݣ¥ڲγʮأͷһ޷洢Ķ
ʵ̫ȫʢʱڣ磬ÿһƬҶ֮Ͻһ棬飬Ȼ˿Сɲ¥ȱȡǿȡֻ¥һ㣬Ʋ񷣬һֱʮȥȻ¥
¥޷ȡһֻţ
һصŻХԽԽΰڽУֻ֮ڣֻĸ¼Ȫʮ죬ή֦ɿǣ
ߣ
Ҷ֮ڵһУϴһգκζҲû£Ԧֻţλ۾һͬɳãĵ۹ѹԪʼħ೤ʱ䣬֪ܷô˻ᣬҲߡֻˣ
ͻȻо֮ϵӰеĺѾβԽԽͳȻԼ߶죬ѹԪʼħ
ԪʼħҶĿǰʵԿħͷ
ҵõʮʮһıﶼҵУǾ뿪˵أԪʼħ֣
Ҷ֮ϣѹޱħӰһݣ߶ţƿر徳΢ıݣһ·¶ȥ죬ɳ·ʱɶݡ
¡
ɹ칬Щʱ֤ǿ֮ĹʱȻ𶯣ħг𣬻һž޴ףȻԪʼħףʣͬһı࣡
Ԫʼħͻ۵ѹֻͯԼ۵֤֮ͳͳУټðʮ
ҶعͷԶݶȥͷ·ѹһʯֻҲУϣܵһʱ䣬ԴϢɳĻᡭ
Ԫʼħ׽ʧ֮ǿĴħƮ֮ȥ֮ڵľͬɨѣϸϸɨһĶûзŹ
Ȼã촽Ŷ˶ЦЦС쵰


1015 Ļ
飬Ҫأؽ磬ȫϣ
Ԫʼħħӿʼӿڲʮ磬Ⱦ˵أʼǿ֤֮Ȼ֮еʮѾҶ˹Ϸϣܴ𣬵ǹΪǿıû֮һ
ֻأնɱ䣬ѾעǸֻأ磬Զ֮ͥˣͳ֮սʤĹؼ
磬칦֮գþŴͬ磬ʶˡǵۻ֤ɢĹ´ͬϼʣշ
֤Ѿǵ֮ΪǿĴ֮һ֮Уе֡
ۻɲƵۣ۱֮УȴѾ֤֮޼ۡɶ˶ѡ
ºβǻƵۣ
У̲ס³Ƶۣռݾͳ顢޵˴Ԫʼ֮ػŻȴռݴ壬±˳һٽѹ
˵˳ʵǽ֮ƣǵۻ۳Ƶۣõܿܿͬһ´Ƽӳ˱ӣκ˵ΥУ
ʵɣһսУ䣬ȴоƵòС
ۻ΢΢һЦлЦ֮ԳٳٲƵۣȴΪۣǵʱ֮еǿĴڣû֮һȻ֤δһսһսûսʤǶˣʼճƲµһƵۣʲôɾ͸У
ЦȻҪΪۣڣڻǶ֮ĳΪǽƣսʤǶˣҲʤ֮䣬ȡҲ
̾һ΢ϵۻ۵ĽŲѵûõԪʼĴУõʲô˲õı߻ʱµʤ㣬ֻ±ǳƵۣ˻ۣ֮£»мֻʤϣ
ʦһͳ죬֤ݹ½ݵԲľ磬ǴԲ޳ɵҲǴпܡ
ۻ΢΢һЦʦģ֤õ֮󣬱޶֣жҲҵĶ֡
ĬȻ
޻ҪԵͷ䣬޻ҪҸɵİҵԵ֮λ
ۻЦʦ㲻صǣȥһ޵Ĺ֤֮ûС
£֤֮ôױƳɹķټϱµ칦£ֻ»Ҫһٶɡ
ǿһЦ˳ĵԸ˶ʱ޷Ƴɹ֤֮ٻҲ١
ʱһΣʮȥۻ۵Ϣǿ󣬶칦³ߵҲˮǴߣһɹ֤֮Ϣ򷨲֣˱Ȼδ׳Ϊ֤֤֮֮ȻԶ
ˡ
ͻȻ𶯲ݣһӾŴֳʣϼڣζݣһ̣鶼Կ󣬴ڣͬӭӾ֮
ۻ룬飬ʮ˵½֮Уֻ֮ϣдħҵ𡢷졢޵ȵŤʱգԶԶȥӴޱȣͬһ񣬽ͳͳԼ֮£
Ȼжȡ˵ܹƿؾ
ۻ̧ͷ󣬵ѵ˵Ѿ⵽Ķ֣ɥԪʼ·
ۻۣδնɱ۾˿Ѿˡ
ͻȻһЦֻ۾յ۾Լ졢졢졢׷״֮г֣Ⱥ۹һ޴۱շڵ֮ϣͷ۹ڣƿشȨ˿Ϸ裡
һһָ߶ָߣϢ·Ǿ֮˼ӳ֣ͬ档
죬ǵۣǾͳ
ۻǿѾ֤е֣ƣǰȴԵһ
ۻۣûгñڣһٳƵۣʵñʧ
ǳЦԭǳƵۣۻɱʷз죬һٽɱȻݵ۵ıʷء
ɫһͻȻչգЦ˵Цˣõӳ֣ҲΪʵҼұȴʵʵڵзʱʱǰ벽ȻƿоƼӳ֣Ǳնɱʷ֣Ҳϡ
øݵС
ɨһۣ¶֮ɫЦۣӵеƵô
ˣ
ͻȻһޱȿֲޱӴϢ𣬻һ챦һصѣһ֣춼ǵöʮɣ֮ת˳
ѱԪʼڵʱƵĺڣ
ۻɫһбʤЩҡ֮Ĳ༫شϣգӵױȵķȴǴ֮Ŀͳش
֤֮ҲҪԶ֤֮οԪʼƶɣһֻµ޿ƥУ
ȻӣԼ֤֮칦³ҲƳɹԿʮȴЩ㡣
ۻۣ㻹Ҫһսô
Ӹ£ӵۻۣ΢Цڱ򱾹ĵǲͳƵĵɽ磬ңڣ
ۻͻȻЦǷʮȷΪǿ󣬲һ벽ĵ۾ܴ߷֣һս޶ȻȫԸͽ̣
ʮõɲֹһ
ﺬЦֻϢ𣬷ֱʮ֮еԪ̫ǿ
֤֮һѹ죬ĽѹþĴתɬͣ
󣬿ջķᣬֺξ֮У
ۻɫ΢䣬Ȼʮ˵½תֱ֮֮⣬һȻӺȻ죬һʮѹƣЦλ֮Ѿһٶ꣬ǸöǬʱˣ
սܣ֮۷һ࣬ԴӵЦڤ粻飡һӣȻˣǱȫ㣬̤ʬϵλ
ǿһսһֳ棬źУ֮սҲδйһĶ֮սʶĿϾһսǿߣȱҲ
ûһζ֮սһ
˵˻ɲһϰߡ
ȴڴʱͻȻֻһֻһֻŶȻײգǿ֮䣬Ҷֻ֮£һ۾ħЦλ


1016 
ֻ֮Уһ۾£ųţ̫۾оâ񷣬֦ҶƮζ
˾۾еħһħգϢͺء
棬ȷǿߣվڷ۽֮Уӿֻ޼ʣ󳪡
ǬɲУħһħ׳ޱȡ
컯컯ֻطͷڤԺȵʮԺƣչħһ㡣
Ҷֻ֮£֮Уһʮɢļ¶ֲüԪͬһϸС֦Ҷɣ趯̳
ɫ΢䣬ҶûбԪʼħɵʵǳϣ
ʱҶãԪʼħ۽ֵսû뵽صûжãҶҲ
Ҷһ¶棬ð˴۾ʮչ¶ΣֻּţųҪˣһ
ɺޣСӽԪʼ·ٵһɶ򱾹Ҳ·ϵôʱ䣬ڱС׷ϣ
ܹص磬ڲã޾УӦĴ˲ܴԪʼ֮ظϻҲʧ֮С
ħʿҲֶͬΡ
֮УΪҶԪʼ·ʧħʸշЩҲһЩʱ䡣
ҶȥԪʼ·ǵʮĹ໨ʮʱ䣬ܴԪʼ֮ظϵԵء
СӣõʮԶҶ࣬˿̻֮ջ񣬸Ӽ֣
ۻоҲڴҶֻţĵʮ󾫲࣬һʮûʲô𣡡
ǵΪ߶һʮѾΪǿֻһܷӳͬʱ𣬷ɢԼΪǿ
Ҳǵۻۿչ¶֮һսԭ
ҶȥԽԽľҶʱΪʵʱǿȻһʵڶ̶ʮʱڣ͵̶ֳȣ
ֻ˿Ѿ֤۾ˡ
Ҷ˿ȷʵѾ֤۾һ·ϣήԪ֤õ۾ֻҲɵ۱
ڹ·ϣʮ̫顢ǬȰ˴۾ҹͣĴҶϴ֤֮ĥ£ŵ֮ǿѾﵽ˼ĵزǵ۱ȴӵбȼڳԽ֤֮ĲΣ
ֻܹɼ沢ʮܣȻǽر
ֻǣֻʮĳ̶ȣħʵ˾һϣҲĶ֡
ʦ֣޻Ϊ㱻ɱɰȻ޲ңֶһλĥҵĶ֡
ۻĿֱҶЦ磬λһ꣬ѡһˣϴ۱ˡ
Ҷ׵ǿ߱δָȫʢ״̬ҲͬСɣΪͳǬʱˡԪʼĶԪʼħȡձ㽫ϯ£ҵȴ˿ʧκһˣԪʼħԿɳ֮ҵþǰӣֿУԪʼħ⣬⣡
ҶһܣЦ⣬顭
ɫ΢䣬ۻҲĿתסҶ񣬵ȴ˵ȥ
ҶղŵǷ͸¶ѶϢʵھˣԪʼĶۻҲ˽⣬Ĵۣͳι۾ĶҲһɣ
ֻλĴһֱ棬û춯δ־ء磬һֱѡ
ڸӹϵʷУȴԪʼħԾӰŴ硢ء翪սз缸ۼﶼǼս֮С
ԪʼħУȷһĪв
ҲԪʼħ֣ʵǾԿħ֣ͼȡã
ħͷɵҶ֮ϣ˿ԪʼħȡҲҡ
ۻ۳˿ʦ֣ʲô飿
顭
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˹Ƕλ˭ۣҵ¡λʲô飿
ۻһۻ۹ЦϢԽԽǿȻ칦³ҲԹâţҫ죬֮ء
飬ҲҪΪ£޳ΪۣҲҪһͷ
ۻɭȻôĿ
￩Ц飬ۻۣκһ˶ľУѵ˵ȻҪһٵǶˣ
ǶвȻŭҶ飬ʵ̫̫ţֱĿˣ
˭ۣҪΪҶ˼ǣͷϵ̫ϻʣʵϵͳߣ
ۻ۶ǵ˽֮е˽ܣ֮еİǿ֮еǿߣ죬졣ʷκһ۴ս֮УѹȺۣݵ۱
ϧǣͬһǿ߱ĴʱУһս
޷ܵǣҶȻ㲻ҪλҪ۵۱£ʵǿ
иǾŭЮΪľױȵǿƣһٻܵۻۣϵλȡƣ֮£ӭҶ񣬳ɾϰҵ
Ҷһ㽫ԼƣΪҶģ
ôλܲˣ
ҶɫһЦȻˣҸһʱ俼ǡλɲܽҵ飬֮󣬾֮⣬Ҷĳλݣ
ò£ʦ֣ڱֳʤ
ۻ۴ȣʮ˵½תݣһȥǧ磬Ȼǧ£һʽӡ¼ӳ֣
ͬʱ˪ЦҲһȥ˿򣬹һƣ̬飬飬֣֮
ҶΣֻ֮£ֻźȻֻ֣ۻֻײ
ۣ
ȻӺȻ𶯣工ϯ죬ͬʱ߶ѣ𵴣һԯ۵֤֮һԪʼ͵ʮǿ߼Ǻεǿ󣬺ε죡
Ҷ̧֣һֻֻ֮УһŷɳŻ򿪣ʱ٣ۼ֮ڣſڴ嵴һУ
工γʱգ漴׷ʧ
ۻƺһֻȻѸԷɻأҶ΢΢ζɫһĨΣ漴ָԭ״Цλʦ֣֮󣬾֮⣬һʤ
¡
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ۻɫޱأղֻС֣δ̾ҲͬСɣҶͬҲûжֶΣݽǶ˵ĹƵֵʵǿÿ£


1017 鹬ֱ
磬Ҷֻ֣һ绨ţ¶еռ䡣Ǽæǰӭ£̫۾Ǭ˷׷Ǽ񣬵
ɫҶȥֹתֿ컯򸾡컯֪ʵĵʲôԥһ£û컯а̾һ˵ͷ
ۻۣһɾĶ֣Ȼһͳ죬ȴûж鹬ԼҵŮ֡
Ҷɨ磬쵽ɽ磬ҶҶ붼ȻȻۻ۲ûΪҶǶֶҶŮ֣жԵۻҲ塣
鹬ı۾һһЦ棬ǰ
鼤æǰʦ
ҶЦ棬񲻼ǵǰ֣ҲǵΪͽȻˣٰΪʦһΡ
ڵأݾߵĻŭţֻԼǰĥѣͳͳ˻ر̲ס᳤ʧޣþò
Ҷ̾һ΢ֻɴӿϤڣЦۿǰ㲢δѧȫֹ۷ĺڸ㣬ʶ۾ɾڻ¡޳ɵ۾֮󣬱Ŵ˱ȥɱյ۾Ϊλʦյ۾ϻ۾ѩޡ
Ҷֻ֣̳𣬾Уնɱյ۾֮󣬱㽫˱ͻң̰īҵıһ㣬޳ɵ۾֮󣬱ƹ޼޼ͼ
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̫۾˲΢΢ݣղһɹɺɴֹĺô򵥣ҶһΪȡڣ֮аΪֻҪЩɴԵõĺֱӳ޳ɵ۾
ҲԼΪȫһˣϾĴȥҪȻҪѲ֪ʱա
ҶȴƫƫˣӵͥʱеľӴ޷󣬸ȥһִΪ˵ܿ
̫ʦ֣ƲǰҶĿһ̫۾ϣЦ
ңʦԸ
̫۾ǰҶĴӿһӿ̫۾ڣЦʦѾ徳΢ĵʦһ֮ʦĴ
̫۾дֻ֤֮Ī⣬΢֤ӡ֮ϣʵԣ
Ҷȡֻ֮е̫ͼ̫۾ʦȼ˱˱һһʱƬ̼Ҳ빥ʦֵķ
̫۾Ȼ̫ͼ֪ҶΪİš
˾ʦ㣬Ʋǰ
Ҷ˾۾ȡ˾۾Цʦƹܴ˱˱ǿͣɲУʦд˱ҲԴá
ȡ̫ħ¥ǬԶԶ齻棬ʼТâĶ˾򽻸棬˼ᦽɲƹԨͨԪԪԨʦƹͥͥ츮
Ҷ컯ࡢµǰﻹмʮֻҪ޳ɵ۾Ǳƹܡ
컯˴ϲҶȡһ۱ַˣ鹬װݡ
鹬ҲԿһˡ
Ҷһ¥˵һڿն𣬺Ȼ磬ΡΡ΢΢ԥƬ̣ͻȻһָֻһ¥Ȼѣ¶һ궥صдУڱΣϣ𣬷ھ죡
޲УмȾη
ֻûʱΪλλͬػ鹬
Ҷֻ֣һ¥Ƭۣٴλһ¥ֻܲǰǵˣ˱ƹܣҵĴ鹬
ϷɣǺͷڣλˣڴˣҴڵĴ޳۾ڻ¡ΪҪһԶţһ£λ۾ػۻֹ򣬷빥鹬
᲻⣬ɻү֮ҪһսôΪλҪҪͷţ
ۻۣǶ˶˽е˽ܣǰͰ£ȻսʤǶˣҲΪҪħʵ͵Ϯ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƮȻȥЦҪӵѹԵƣٽݾ֮ڣ֤Ƕ˳ôħʶҲҶһ£
۾ʵǿµĶ֡
ۻĿģ̧ͷֻһգҲڣǳ޲Уɳ˿
Ҷ񽫾սڶ֮ľ֮⣬˵Ŀǰû㹻İܹʤԼ󣬵º󣬱гİգ
ѵº֤
ۻȻҶδ֤Ѿ֤Ļֻµ޵УֻԪʼħѹһͷ
۾Ӧ֤˵֤Ҫٵĵ̣Ļۣصһ
ͻȻۻѭȥֻһǰͬ¶˼֮ɫһԿ϶ºȻһսʤҵİգ
˶һۣͷأҶ񲻻޵ķʸȻ˵֮սʱʵȻһٳԽˣԽ֮
µʱ䣬϶ҪչؿޣͻңǷа֮ڣʵгﻰһתѯʵ
ۻԳ˼̧ͷ֮޵칦³ǿԳΪ֤֮˱Ѽ֮Ϲʮ˵½ִ߶ǿδرѷɫ
Цӵټֻ֣»Ķ֣ȭսʤ顣
Īֽв뵽Ҿڲ֮
ۻЦһˣ㲻ض˵ˣħ޲Ҿ绢ǳ֣ң䲻ţ̶ֳȣ
ɫ˿ģЦĪбʤ֮ϴ
ͻȻǰЦһߣñ֮ʵ
һЦ˵
ﶼ֮ʵȻˣƣԴѹ飡
Ŀ˸ЦǱµ۱︨һ£
ΪβǱϵλĿһЦ

Ц³ɾۣΪŮۣƽ£ףԹͳΣŮͳΡһ֣Եƣѹ顣
ã
һĿ⿴¶ͺһĨɱЦľʦ鴫бķɣ±ôˡ
ȻﶨȻԼɱͻȻһЦһ²⣬ﵱ֣ȥɣܹʼʩնɱ飬ֻҲôѡﲻߴͽ̣ļƲ߾ʲô֪Ʋߣ


1018 
Ҷɣʵ̫ˣɵķҶͬҲʮ־ͨòҲʮֵƣŻѯһսĻ
ֲıɱһ··ͬСɣʱʩչֺ귨Ĩ¾˹ڽɵļ䣬£Ѿ֪һսΣ֪һսĻˣֻȼ˶ѡ
֮һ
ۻɫ΢䣬ߵʦˡ۾ֻͬѪҪʤıƣǲʤкηıƣأʤ಻ȡ
Ŀ˸Ц£ѵ㲻ĶҪ֪۾ܣ֪֮䣬ϵĶ࣬ҲΪƣȻ֪ɵҲ൱֪֪֪˷ܰսʤ
ۻ۳Ƭ̣ҪȻͻȻЦ˾ӣ񱾹£Ϊáܹ֮ɱɣǱ֮У֪˽ɵĸš
΢΢һЦҲΪԭ򣬲ŻĶ뱾֣ͬԸɡһսҵȲ޶ʤ㡣
֪ɵĸǣ۾һص㣬Ц
Цɵĸţһ޸֮ľ൱û˱壬նҡ
һЦȻ򷽣ǿҲǡɵǣ۽ڲ磬Ƥ£ֻнɵĴϻ۾ػҪıɱɣȴϻ۾֣նɱϻ˽ɵĸĶǵһ
ۻͷͬʱ̧ͷϿտȥֻͷھ죬дУƣ
ɱϻҪ˽ɵΪȻ֤ɼΪǿ޷նɱҪڶ۾ڱУЮûĽɾһս
Цһս۾о𣬼ϱʮ۾ӵʵǧΧɱһû˴룬Ҳ򻵣ڻĵ۾ϱֻʣλǧýʣ²ˡ
ۻǰ㱼ƺǷҵĳ棬һޱӴı߸ЮƣӦսûĽɡ
һ۾ηǰλɴȥɱذһһ۾ɱʬ£漴Щĵ۾׷ӷиս
գһ¥ײ֤ܴ֮
ǰΪҵһսɱһսͬǣɱ죬ȡλţ˳޳ƵΧɱһսȴֲʣԼԸⱻ£
Ҫ۾ȷʵͬİ취
Ƴ˾֮ϵһۣƮȻȥЦ£ֻǷܸһ㲻ǡ
£˼ƿУ
ɷЦ۾µȻı壬ֻ֮ҪնϴԲսʤ
룬սҪͷųǺ⣿
ۻ˼૵磬ڱξ죬鶼Եõӣ̲صĴ꣬ǧܹ꣬޳ɴɾͣȻӭһĪʢǣҪ죬֣Ԫʼħʱܿܿеֿ֮
£
ڶУж֪ۻֻ¶Ҷ֣£֮λҪ
ۻ۶Ȼ֮λȻҪһλֵ𾴵Ķ֣ıʦ½Ҫᡣ޾ΪȻͬͬıȥһλΪܿܿıĶ֣²֡
£²֣Ҳ϶֣̲סȰ
޹ܲˣֻҪԼ
ۻͻȻ΢΢һЦͻȻָüļһμ䣬ſһ۶ϼɢȴԼҶļ䣬ͳͳĨ
ʦ׼Ƶ֮°ա
֮⣬ҶͻȻоѰĲӾ֮дͣ½Ųͷȥֻӿ۶ȥһǵۻڵ磬һڵı磬в΢΢һ
Ƶۣôָƣ
ҶȻ޶ָƼǲܵ飬ۻȴƫƫˣֻѾĳЭ飬£
΢λ鹬еĴ̽ѶϢռʱ֪ԭί
һеۣһŮۣͳ£棬ѳɣ֮⣬ͳ
ҶЦ⣬ҲֻҪǷΪ𡣵ۻ֣Ю´ƶԿңȷ˲ò֤֮Կǣڻ¡
鹬УҶĴټ̫۾ˣǰȥϲԼıȴԽʮ֮С
Ⱦ磬ûγɴƣΪдͳΣʹѳɣʮػͬͰɽһз桢֮ķ⣬ص۵߲徲磡
󣬱ȾӺƴ󣬸׳ۣεǿ߼ˣ̲סĤ֮⣬ţ
ҶԽһ磬徲ȥʮʱͻȻֻһŴ۾ҷ磬Ϊ£
Ҷѭȥȴ棬һٴеģǺЦ죬ҴΪ輸޶⣬㲻غ¡
Ц÷ŵķ棬ħͷ
ŭת쭶ȥХ徲ȥе飬Ҫţȥλʦֺʹ𣡡
ҶҡͷʧЦһȸ󣬵һط磬ŵðֻʶӣһطķ΢ϸ棬δعҶ桰ǶƣֻеʦֿߣħͷɱˣҪѪϴҷʮ죬ɱС
΢ϸսæӣתߣһȥ
Ҷһ·ȥֻ׷徲ȥҶ񲻽ȸĵʮ˲ű绹Ҫǿ࣬ѹִһͳ졢صĺΰ־򡭡
ȴڴʱͻȻֻ۵һ죬ֻ徲֮ϣ𺳵þòȴǴ֪Ҷǰʾ档
ҶЦһ徲磬ֻ׷£ӿһ̴ָɫŷߡ
飬ҾˮˮΪҪҷʮ죬ŷ徻ֹ̧Цʵ
Сܴ輸Ҷ΢΢һЦ£Ц


1019 ֻս
ԣ΢΢һԭΪҶҪ翪սϾҶ֮ĶԹĶ࣬ƷȥΪѾǿߣҶҲԪʼ·ϣ˲߷йν档
ƷЦһ飬Ȼҷ磬ѵ㲻·ޱߣѹˣ
ƣ񡣡
ֹ̧֣ĻЦ۾νͬΪı豦һ£ݵᡣ۾Ҫ󡢵ۻλǿص磬ñ˶ȻˡɮԶ͡
Ҷ񲢲뿪ֻһԷʮָᵯЦҽһҪ赽֡ʵ˵֣Ǹӣ㲻裬ֻˡ
󵨣

ӷ׷ŭ⣬ҶЦһֻţǷ署Ӧǿ飬٣Ԫʼ·ϣҳ֣Ҵһһκβ㣬ҲκβңǶֻ֣ܹĲࡣǽңһԵҪѪɺ
ɫһǺЦ۾֮󣬱ۻ۴ս֮ʱ˿ٵ磬ѵ㲻Ƕս֮ʱŭô
֪֮Ĵս
ҶɫһЦۻ۹䣬Ὣ´֪İɣ
΢Ц
Ҷһ֮󣬾֮⣬Ҷĳݣֻ
жʱһ֪Ҷ˴Ҫӷ֮ŪԼҪĶ֪۾Ҫʲô
ֻƬҶ
۽ǶֻƬȷкܶ飬ȻԪʼռƬ࣬ҲͬСɣ۶ЩƬֻ֮֮أһ۾ݴ˶֮ڷǷ
ֻƬ϶н޻൱ƽ͸
һƷȡֻƬЦ۾ֻƬҲǲɡֱӽ㣬ҷӱ޴ɷˡħ󣡡
һӷ𣬱ΪգԴ߶Լױϣһ춼Ƿŵ۱ַ
Ҷȥֻħ֮һӰִ۵ϢȻǹзۣ
չ󣬴߶ʮƣһѾķӡڷ֮еľ񹴶ϷĴԻΣ
żĴ𣬹ʮۣв֤ĴڣħЩһһγɼشƵĿ̶ֲȣ
ҶȻʮ죬ҾСʮֻ¡
ȡֻƬַħ֮У漴һֻһӵ죬Ʈħ֮Уܣ
۾󡣡ǺЦ

Ҷ񳤳˿Ųħ֮УոֻȺߺһţһ𶯣׻أҶû
ʱʼ¡¡ת󳪣ȻһħͷһаҶʱоޱߵѹϮüһֻԪϸзɳ⻪ԣԳһ磬ͳͳƿ
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ӿһӲӵĴһҶ䣬ֻ֮ͻȻһ𶯣ֻһλ۾Դ֮£̫̫ۣҶĴ˫ִһ̫ͼӭۣЦ֣÷ţȻҲɱɱƽ׶˷ҵݡ
̫ۻסۣһ۴гֳֽ֣ƣݺ£ֻһ𶯣۴£ͷһ𣬻һ汦ӭǰȥЦ֣Ѿʱαز뵽֮ս֮У
һ۴Ӵ֮߳Ϣޱǿֲʮ֮࣬Ҷֻ֮ϣҲʮ£ӭһ֣¹ҶԼǰС
һ۱δӽҶߣ㱻ͳͳɣ޷κֺ
۾Ѿ֮ʣʵ˿ɾη
ͻȻֻԽԽӱ֮ϣһӰͳͳֳǣʮƣֻĴһֳӵӳ֤֮
ۣ
𶯣ЮʮȻѹ£Ҷ工
ҪԳˣ
ҶüĿȻſڴ𣬺ֵϼ⣬ϣӭӵķ
һȻѷ֤֮ܣô֮еʱ˴룬ħ󷭷֮УȻһӴܳƺҪ飡
ܺ󣬾Ȼޱ߷γһ޴ףҶſڴ֮״
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Ҷһֻ֮һۡħ۵Ӱ֣ǧ˻ʴۣٴεֵסӵĹ
ŭ𣬽֮УһѽץУҶȥ
Ϊ壬ҡӣһ·бƽӵ첻Ҷһۻͳͳ÷飬촷ۣ
һֻʮ𣬻Աߣһתͣ۷Ƽӳӣӵܣһ
ͬʱȫ߶֮УϤӳִһˣʵӵܸǿ
ҶʱоޱߵѹԽ٣߶ħ󣬼ʮĴƣһ֮£Կش
֤֤֤֤һ
üĿԪϸֻŷ֤һȻһȭӺȥ
ҶԪʼ֮عһγ׶ԼʵԼΪ֤֤Ա֤֤һӦսǿ
һ̣ʮ𶯲ݣ徲Ҳ徻һ޴ĢȽȽڶĴĢбŷɢĹâ
нӣĺˣã٣ħҲɱķѣһ˷ڴڵѪ
æ̧ͷȥֻҶãˣȻҲ⵽شѪѣήٲ
۾֤һӦսɮһ֤ܴǷһս֮
ǺһЦһֻ̫ʻ󸫳УЦȵ֮󣬲ɮѵ۾ħ˰ա
𡪡
һŶȻ֣ӿһ飬鲼ʮ졣
Щβ֮Уצץסʱձݣ·һ˺Խʮ죬ͳͳ˺÷飡
÷ʮһᣬһԡ
ҶĨȥǵѪֻصƬһƬͳͳţȥԶԶ𣬲Զͣ


1020 ľӢ
𣬲׷ɱȥôƷ˴ŭæ
޷ȥ
ֹ̧궯۾ȷǿȻƿҷıħ󡣲Ѿֻܴ̫֮ƴƣչǸ鷳Ҿ£º󣬱͵ս֮գʱ۸£
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ǺһЦ۾ˡԶ͡ղŵ۾˵Ƭ㣬۾һԵ֪Ƿ
ƤúܣƬ˵ֻҶɫ죬Цãĵ
ǽƬǽ󣬽Ҷǿ󣬴֣ĽӴãЩʮϡã
˿ӦѪ𣬲ݣȻƤ˵һԵƤҶҲò֡
£С
ҶͷЦⳡԵСܼǵá
ߺһţʲҶʩ񣺡͵۾
ҶȻʧЦֻţ뿪硣
𣬸ղΪҪһԵ𲻽⣬ʵ
ǺһЦǿᣬܹƿħ֮Ĵս䣬Ȼһ˰ˣսʤΪ֮һԵǻ£˵ûҪһԿԪʼħοƬƤԲ黹Щ󷽣֪Ƿҷһ飬»徵ء
ٴ̾
΢΢ü˿Լӣֻãܼٴ룬̾Ϣ֤Ȼ֮ϧߵԷ֤ӵܣԶԶԱ֤֤֮ҵԷ֤ȷԱ֤ڡ
ʮ֮⣬ֻգ֮£Ҷöֻ֮еήޱӴľԴԴӿԪԪ֮лΪ漴ӴΪֻ֮У޸ΰš
ǵϣ֤ԶĴڣʵǿᣡ
Ҷ³һڽĴϤƴӿ޸ˡ
ղһսδܴ֤֮ȴȫҶУҶҲ⵽ش֤ܴƴɱȥֺá
Ⲣ˵ʵҪǿʵ޼ʤӵļӳ֣ЮʮĴƣŽҶ·硣
׵ض³ֻҶҪ⼸֡
ܹ֤Ĵڣûһ֮ˣħҲˡ
ûãҶƾΪһβСԴĸ͸ӹͨһЦʮѾȥˣǱȥһħʣ
ֻź䴩գԶݶȥ
۾ȥأ
Ҷ߹֮з徲磬档
۾ѵʧķˣ⻰ſѰҶټʧ
Ʒǳ⻹Ǵһʧ̬Ҷ۸ڡ
ҶֻƬҲŭԺҶƽϡ
û뵽ҶǰأȻʧ̬
۾һƶˣı״ʲôѰô
ɫָƽ˼Ҷ󡢵ۻԼս֮󣬲ڷʮһ棬˿̾Ȼǰأһħʣ˵Ҫȥħʵʲô
ʱʢŭ֮еħʿ϶ҲҪ֮ǳսн٣һλֻܽҶʣ°㣡
ѵ֮У֤ܣ֤ҪͬҪӴĻۣҲ꣬Ĵݡôڶ̶̵ʱڣӴĻۣ
뵽ҡͷֻ˼⣬Ʒ棬ƣȥ֪ħʣ˵۾ҪȥѰ
Ʒ̶ǰش졣
ңȥħʣѵΪܼ֮ѹΪϵĴڲɣ
ֻŽٵ֮У׹䣬¡һµ֮ǰŴԽ֮ţʻУһ·ع
Ҷڶعһʱƺ͸һǧţֻطȼüϷ֮ǰµıɨһգʣµص׶֮еʮ˿ž޴ĺɫԲѹεʮ˲ĺľӢԼնʮ˾ȡĵȴ䣬Ӷ
ʱҶû㹻ʵȡʮ˿ŵľӢֻطȼüϷͬҲûֶΣڣȡʮ˿ŵĶ˵ѡ
ʮ˲ĺöԪʼʮƶɣǿõĲҲǾĵı߽϶ѡ
ԪʼʮѾΪұʮ˲
Ҷعǰֻ˵ݣֻʣ²ԫϱڣû˵أ֣ʱɨһգߵص׶ǰֻ羮ӿޱŨħʮ˲Ĵݻħ
ۣǸˡ
ҶһŶ֣̽һץ۵ʮ˾ͳͳӶ֮ץ漴ֻţʮ˾еʮ˲
Ҳ壬λ۳ƶҲЩ޶ۣʱźһٳΪʱǿĴڣΪۣ츣죬Կ֣Ϲᡣ
˲ò塣
ʮ˾Ѿȡ˵Ĵһʮ֮ã֮ͬǿÿһ֮ж̲۵һƲִǱ˾ᱩɱˡ
ҶķȴѾܽʮ˾ѹ
֮Խ۵ʮ˲Ǵڶλ۵𾴣ҶǰƢԣͽ֮⻯ǿԼʵˡ
𶯲ݣһſŵľӢڿն𣬺ص磬׷ֻ֮С
ڽʼڻͬڽһ㣬ճҺǵڵʮ˲
Ҷʮ˲ķ˿ЩľӢЩݣЩܣټϵʮ˲ӶֻĿܣ
Ҷ֤ʮ˲Ϊʮ˿ѷ
㻨ʱ䣬ŽЩľӢͳͳ뵽֮УŵֻŵѳԽ֤֮ʼƽ
Ǹûһħˡ
Ҷֻţڿնһȣһ߳磬һ֮Уȴ졣
ݼ۾
ͻȻһȴҶѭȥֻһλʮվڰ֮УҼѾ֮Ĺȴ¶ʱ
ħ֪Ҫˣ
Ҷв죬΢΢ͷ죬رɽֻħеӭĽ٣ȵ۾ý̵۾֪Ҽ֮Ĺݣ


1021 ۸ǰ
ħ֪ҪǴ֪ͨħӦ֪֤صĸӦɽҾսĵص㣬֮ĹУ̫޴ˣ̫ˣ
Ҷ񲻽Ǻ棬ĵ˵ħҵѴ֮УҲ֤ĴֻֿܸͨһЩ
֤ĴͨԱ֤Уųڣ֤ǿߣ޳Ա֤޳֤Ĵڣȴֻһˡ
Ҷ΢΢üħҵֻ֤ʵϣҪȴʤһ֮ǿҪҶԼ
ʱħʵ˼˽⣬ħʶѾ֤ƤëҲԽĸӦѪȴò֮ĹҶսٽϢȻὫ֤ͨڴս֮ϤһٳԽҶ֤Ҷɱ
ħʣ㲻ͳصħۣΣֻҪˣ
ħ񣬸ҶȥصģҪ磬Ҷ񾭹Щ磬ֻһ۾ħħӭų֮է࣡
֮ӭ۾Ѿ֮ĹȺ۾ʱ
ӭ۾ݣ۾Ʋǰ֮Ĺ
ɽӭ۾۾Լս֮Ĺ۾Ʋ
½Ǭӭ۾

˴ųҪҶһħƣǿһ·ӭҶױȵľѹ֮ĹħʱӭħΪѵĹһٽҶɱ
ħѾȫ˹ˣ
ҶӽʱֻѾв¶ʮ۾ħ棬дǾȡħʵ񳯰˹а˴빬˾۾ɱ֮ĹǬҶ£˹ֻʣ幬
ħʲȫ˹˹֮ǵ۾ħʵǿᣡ
ħʲа˹齨ʮҲǰӭҲǵ۾ʵЩǴ֮ĵ۾ǿߣͳͳħշ
صĺģͳλڴ֮⣬֮ǿߣһЩΪϵħ񲢲ħʵͳΣҶԪʼ·շɲ۾ǿߡ
ǰħȻϵͳߣǿ߲ͳΣħѾħ֤ʵ˸ҷѾͳһ
ǰصǿ࣬һɢɳΪһͳһɱȷʮ滹ҪӴ
˵ǿ߳ȥҶ񡢵ۻۡͷи߲ԶԶ磬ء
ҽ¥֮еͷţڱξ죬츣κ˶Խľ磬ĵܿܿĳɾͣȻѷغͷ磬ֻڻɡҶĵ
һУĶʮ۾ǿڶħңͬһ㣬ӵҶ֮Ĺȥ
Ҷڶ죬ĵλһ֮һҶ˵ʱһ۾׷ɱСɫʵ࿰Ȼǵ֮ǿļλ֮һֻħʡȼ磡
֮Ĺ⣬аħػ֤֮ǰҶ٣˷׷׿Խȵӣ֤֮ź󣬷ֱվڵ·ߣȣ˻ǳ䣬׳ޱȡ
δԱ֤֤֮Ų֤֮һ֤֮ıڴ֮δߣȴΪ֤֮ĴĹ֤֮ű൱֮ĹԼԼҲͳͳߡ
ûܹӵӴķοκ˶ܺԪʼеǿڣϵգһ֮£ֻᱻһ飡
۾Ʋ
뱬ȣӣΪ׳۵ĺڶħһȶ
Ҷ΢΢һЦŲߵ֤֮ǰͣ½Ų
ĿһЦ۾Īˣҽ֮ĹҼһʤ
Ц۾ԶأΪ¶ӮҼѾ֮ĹеȺֻµ۾
һħʣҶȻʧЦ
ħ뱬ȣȻ£۾Ĺ
ҶҡͷЦΪʲôҪ֮ĹҴ˴أͼı󣬵ȷǱħʽֵĴ㡣ܲħʽ֣һǼΪġ
һԲħۣ֪Ϊô˵
Ҷ󡢵ۻ۶֮Լַ֮磬սȻתش죬ѵΪħһ£
λֻħʦֶЩˡȥȥ趫𲻸ųᣬʵֻҪϽңȻһ顣Ҵ˴ش죬ҲҪħʹȥֻʵЩ֮ˡ
ҶЦеħϿһܣ˵ı۵ףЦʵҴĿģҲҪħʽһȻħѾ֮ĹҲʡһֽš
ᣬݵķΧȴΪңԶ֮ĹĵħҲһڶУ
飬㵽ˣʲôУ
ħʵȻ֮Ĺͬףһһף¡¡ըٶȼ죬һ£һ³ʱѾ˲֪֤֮Žӽ
ʣĶ϶ϽңԣСֻ˵Ǹˣ
ҶЦȻһչֻźȻ׹䣬֤֮Žһ𣬽֮Ĺµʵʵܲ͸磡
Ȱ˹֮ʮ־ŭ׷ױȣֻŹȥͼŻ֮Ĺ
ҶֻͷѳԽ֤֮ﵽĵΣǶʮ۾Ҳ޷Żֺ
ڴ֤֮ţ붼룡

ֻ֮УһΰŻֳֻŵʱУһۡħۡǧ˻ʴħ׷״߶ŻֻӴź¡ӿޱӴ鼷֤֮еĵ·˱ƵòϺˣЩƵõ֮Уҽһ㱻ѹ飬ˢʬ޴棡
Żʮ֮еţһ߶Ὣٵصһٽ
ͳͳ
񱩵ħȻϮƿ֤֮·ϵˣħʴ֮ĹХȻһӡӡֻźȥ
ǿıײҶ֤֮źĹ·飡
飬޵󱲣ɸʹʹսһħֻһʱƬ̼޷ֻȥжʱһֲĸо
ʣ֮󣬾֮⣬ҶĳݡڣһҪʽһ
ҶŻ֮⴫ħһݣͻȻֻӶʱһ亹ѵȡӲɡ⣬Ǵ죡
ħ亹̲³Ҷ˾ٵĿģ뽫еĴΪУ


1022 ֤֮
ҵֻסħʶ೤ʱ䣬սپ
ֻ֮⣬Ҷһ£ڲݵĺӽضϣ漴һ飬ֻӴԵľ죬һشӲӴ֮г
ӵķԴأش˵ǴĸȡӱǣĴ
Ҫȡ죬ȡӣȥĸ
Ĵͬһ㣬ִ֤֮ΪĪ⣬ڴ֤ҲԶطףͬҲΣա
Ĵѹ֮ϣͬ磬ޱȣ
ҪȡӣӵޱߵķסЩ֤֮ѹֻǵǿĴڣܽѱԼı
𣡡
ҶȻͬһ𳶳漴һģֻӱһķɣ¡һӡֻ֮ϡ
֤֮ڣħħڹֻţűŷ֮ܿ㱻ȫѹϾҶû򣬴߶ţķңң߶
ֻҪѹţƾֻţס޶೤ʱ䣡
ħʾһȴڴʱͻȻֻֻ֮϶ȻһӣֻŵĴϣڶ£徳΢죬˳΢徳죬Ȼ̫徳졢ƽ졢ȵ죡
ӿȣ֮һƬƬϵӺ𣬻ǳ׺Щ硣
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ӵңǧ磬ȥ׹Ȫӣһ·ʮ˲ֻ»һڤǳڤ
ӹͨ磬ϴֻŵĴ죬γڤʱֻŵܱǣϢˣħȴҲоľ
ŷ֮еУֻһʮֳҫƮ̫أĴʼ־䣬ޱƹֽޱ¥ȵ
鹬ڣҶ¾Ŵʮ̫۾˰ѳ֣鹬õʮߴ
˿ߴһһ֣ӳֻţټӱҶȡֻŵܴǣħʴǹ𣬸ƴֻŹȥ
飬Ǹߴ죬ޱ㲻ݣƲ
õðɣһԼлõͳͳȵ򣡸ҺݺݵشҪ칥ŷ֣
֮Ĺɱ죬ڴУҶȴͥŲԪʼµļ̨ȥĵȡӣԽħʶһʱ䣬Ҵȡ졭
ڣֻǰһʣһĵ̨Ԫʼڵ۾ʱµļ̨ʱԪʼû㹻ķߴ죬һ֣ϼ졣
ⷬٶȴֹһ⡱֣סԪʼ޷ߡ
ҶһʱΪʵһСľ
Ѿǵ۾֤ȵǸʱԪʼҪǿ࣬ٴμ̨ʱѾûԭǷ𺳡
ԪʼҪߴ죬˻Ϊ֣໥ӡ֤׵ͷԴﵽޱȸľ硣
ҶЩʧĵҲҪߴ죬ϧûŻǿֹҡ
Եϼ̨һ٣ֻӰǸֶʱһ飬ΪӲĨȥ漴ԪʼӰͷǸ֣ͬҲ鲻
ԪʼӰͬ飡
λǿߵķڴ˵ѾĹһֱδͼǳȥΪǶ˷ʵǿ֤ǿߣҲĨ
οǶλĵλǷѾ֪ãӵױȵĨǶ˵ķ⵽ǧָ
ҶȴЩͼı󣬶ԪʼķҪȡ죬ĨȥǶ˵ķûпܡ
̨֮ϣֻһ죬ҶϷڣһ֮Уͼ
꣡꣡
һĴƾմг֣ʱ׵ػӿ̨۶ѹǣձޱ
ˣ
еĴԻһħڰգͬʷֹһħۣԶŴʱϵĴڣɲ棬׷ɷһ̱ŷޱȲòҵĹâ
֮⣬дһ֤̬֮¥ӡ¯顢ᦡ̨šء֣ʤ
һۡħۡɵֳ֤֮ͳͳǴĴԻɣҶذΧ
Σͬٽ٣ҪҶ񳹵׻
죬ķ֤ߵϢ֮أش֤֮ȡ죬Ȼ⵽ķѹ
Ҷ̸оޱȳصѹһɹɴԶŴ֤һһ֣ѹ൱һ֤ĴڣͬʱԿ֣
ʱأ¥ѹһ۰Ĵڣһ֤֮ͳͳҶȥ
Ԫ񣬼
ҶüһԪڿնɲǼԽԽԽԽߣ죬ŵñѣ
һ˲Ԫ֮ϣʱ֦Ҷ㣬Ҷʵ֧ţ
Ԫ⵽شҶҲͬ⵽֪ټǹ֤֮Σӡ´˺ۣĿģ
ȴڴʱһޱΰȴԶŴʱͥʱ¡һԪʼ̨֮ϣҶԪݣޱӴľԴԴϴήҶںԪ֮УԿѹ
¡
Ҷһ޴ֻأãȴֻأֻеķƷҶ߶Ԫһ𣬿죡
վȸţö£ɴĴȻƤѪƺʱܻᱻ
ҶԼӶȫ߶쾭ȡͬʱҲڽ˺һһе֤֮
Ϣڷٿ֮УĿģȡ죬֤֤֮ľ磡
ǰͰͻǧܻ꣬۵㹻ĵ̣֤ľ磬ڴ֮УԿ֤֮ĹͬʱҲЩ֤֮ʹԼľΪͬʱ
ڴ֤Իط֤ջ࣬ʵǿܹõϴ
֮ҶԪѾԿסĹʼմĴ֤֮ͬʱѾ鲼죬нƣ
ѹңͻȻħɵۻ׷ֹͣϢģһޱȳصѹҶ̧ͷȥֻĴӿĸӾңһħζȴһϷħ񣬶أΰޱȣϢޱȰԵҰҶ
񡭡
ҶɫأվȻҲڴ֤ӡ죬Ĵǿ׵֣ױȵѹ
ȴڴʱһɱ˿ѷԽǿϢ֣Ҷһ˿ޱԪʼ


1023 ߴ
ӿݣһλ߹ŲӳڰУԪʼҶֹһμλϵĴڵӰ
ڴ֤ҶԤϣû뵽ǣȻԪʼҲ֤ޱǿĴڣ֤ʱԼĴӡڴУ
Ҷȡ죬ͬʱҲôеĴǿֳ
죬Զͥʱ֤Ĵڲܾסĳ֤ɾͷǷôͬ൱ڻһͬ
Ҷȡ죬ҲΪһ㣬õ֤֮ͬӶһ֤֤һã
ĴԪʼĽλǿԭԭĸƳĻҶ϶޷ֵסʱԪʼֹ
ˣԻĻҲǶʱ߰˳ʵ
ˣ
Ų֮УͬģһȭҶȥ
һȭнͳͳţ
֤ʵǿƥȻǴԻһȭȴһ֤֮ҪϬԵ
֤Ҳ֤һսҿ̽ߵľ磡
Ҷǿߣзǵûκη壬ȫӶ˷ܵսͬǼ򵥵һȭӭȭͷӲ
ӡ棬ܹ֮ǿֱ߽֣һޱѵõĻԵ
䣡
֤ǿȭͷ֤֤ײ̨ܽܵռ飬֤֮ȫŵܻҪֲ
ҶƺһѪԪʼ̨ϣ˰֣ȭͷϵƤʱ漴ֱһѪࣱѣѪⷭ¶ɭɭ׹ǣֻĹڲͬͬ沼ϣǴɵĲ֮
漴֮ѪƤѸٸԭ
ˣ
Ԫʼͷ𣬻ʮ磬һͬҶѹ£
ӡ
ҶͦͷȻкӡһ˲չһ׷磬޲У漴豹棬һֻţӭ
ֻҶ׵ļ⣬Ԫʼ׵ļ⣬һײ൱ڼʶӲһǣֻҶԿĵطڣδľ磬ԻԪʼһĲ࣡
׷ײʱҶ͵һֻޱߵѹͷ£Ƭ꣬һѹϸ֮У
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飡
Ҷ̲סһѪХϸ÷飬еĴѶϢԵһ£ʱԪʼٴι뱻
ˣ˱ǰ
ҶһήԪɳֳһˢʱϼ裬ڣӭȭͷԪʼ׷
ʵֻҪ˳Ԫʼ̨ͼ죬ȻҲ󣬸һϴڵӡ
Ҷȡ첻ΪԼֻţͬҲΪԪʼδɵԸ˵磬츣
ԣ
ӲǿߣԪ֦Ҷʱƫƫ飬Ԫ⵽شȴҲ˵һƵֵ
Ҷȣ߶ԪΧ裬ϻһֻţתһȭ죬һƱٵأͬʱԪʼȥ
Ԫʼ̨սһȭһ֮䣬㽫ԼѧͳͳʩչԿλʷǿĴڣ
أ
⵽һȭʱƤϱ÷飬漴Ԫʼ׷£һУʱҶѪϤ飬ֻʣһ߹
ĹͬһΡΡͦڼ̨֮ϣɢʥԡ
ֻת𣡡
ֻ֮еֻתҶգۼָֻήԴԴޱӴľӦΪģ˲Ϣ޸ϣΪľޱӴĻۣԪ
ˣԪʼÿһν֣һĪ򣬴ʹ쾭ߵĲ֤Ա֤֤м
ν֣ɺһĥ£ܿΪʤҶȻ֤
֮УδйδйԼ޷µͷһһһԪʼ棡

ϻһӣǳ·һԪ֮ϣ
ҶһλڵĽ𵴶᳤գԪʼΧס̨һδι죬ӣЩҶ
ڼ̨֮ϣҶѪ⣬ѵĹͷӣһδ飬ԪնȴһδθӲϵ
ֻҪеľֻת㲻
ѹʵ̫ƴԿǲУʱƣҶΪ̽ڽֻǻǵֿѡ
ĥΪӴĵ̣ʵҲͬԵʣ
΢֤ӡ
ҶͻȻһӡչʱеĴģ۶Ԫ֮Уֻؼȣأ쳹֤ʱ
ǿ֤ľ磬ǣشʹԼ֤ľһ
ѾС룬ԵĴӳ
أ
ոͻȻһȭ΢֤ӡ÷飬˵һ죬ڼ̨֮ϣ漴Ԫʼ˫һӣѹ£ҶͷѪҲڼ̨֮ϡ
ӰССļ̨֮ϴս죬ɱذ޹⡣
ҶԿ𹥷һ΢֤ӡչǣ֤֮ȴֲϱ飬ҲȡٴԽԽ
֤֮챻ҲԽԽ࣡
ͬʱħ֮еĸ֣Ҳ֮ŵ֤֮УϹֻţͬҲҶΪࡣ
ֲͬĹֻ֮ϵһħ˻ʴ۱飬ħ׷׻촷ۣ֧żӳ֣Ҳⲻסħʵˣ
飬ʧˣ
ħֻֻŵܽ˥ߣɴϲȻ߶ֻźȥЦһ޲ҪֻţҪ㵱ɱ֪Ҵϣκ˶ַ
һ֮£ʱֻų׻ɣħʷЦһֱֻ̽ץȥ
ͻȻֻŵһ𣬶գʧ漴һ죬ħʼæ֮Ĺۿȥסˡ
ħҲסˡ
ֻǰ޾գĵĴ첻ɣͬڵһ飡


1024 
ħԪʼҲȡĴ죬Ҷȫ֮֮аߣ
ص壬ԶƬ֮ϣϣ֤֮죬ԶͥǴӴ˵ؿʼѹ˼
춼Ѿ߽⣬Ψд컹˲֪ǿĴڣǴе
Ȼش磬ҶߣڶصĸƱػ˥䣡
ȥ
ħŭȣħ񷵻֤֮ţֱ֮Ĺȥûñ㽵ٵĹغĵƬɴ½֮ϣ
飬Ը͵֮սһԼ٣
һӽɢ֤Ϣߵǰϥ£Ҫ㳹նɱĥ𣬶ش죡
޾֮УһֻշУžҶֻϷ֮ϣһС
֮Դִ֮ޱǿӰڴ䣬ӡ׷гһɹɻϢս顣
ҶδȫǼ˴룬ǿнֻ֮ڡԪʼĴɴڣѹ޷ȫɹ
ԪʼǶѾţϣҲ𣡡
ҶͷѿֻǺ嫵ע£Ҷһȭˣ漴һǣԪʼµ̫ʿӡʱӦ飡
ͬһʱͬȾ£ϵ𣡡
Ҷһ׷ӿʮ˲ʮӡɽɽʯĥѪءǡ⡢ħɭɭʮ컯ʮӡ̫ʿ졢ӡԪ̥顢Ľᦵȵȣ׷Ԫʼȥ
Щǿ׷ֱӴ׷֮кᴩһȭҶȥͬʱԪʼͷʮһѹ򷨲֣ԹҶߣ
λڸó֮жѾﵽľ磬ܳңҶȻõ֤֤ͨ񣬵õʮİҲԪʼ
ǿû֤ǱԪʼѹһ
ԪʼǵĵǵķսʤǣȻˣұǿҵֻأ
ҶһϢȻһ䣬˶ֻأ֮ޱߵһȭһ־޴ۣһУһдݻ
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չֳĩս٣Ҫȵ˲֪ٱӾһȭ㽫Ԫʼ֡
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һսҶջҲʵˣһΪ벽ľ硣
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УԪʼӰԼϱӰһЩޱȵĴڣϤͥʱ֤֮ˣǵĴӡڴУҶ֤ʱ㽫ǵĴӡǵ
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֤ʱԲл긴գϵģģһһ֣
֤ʱظͳȸײ

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ҶȻȣͷ亹ֻеתһ̣졢硢ءɽ֮УֻԼԪ·һĪǣдԼ֮зɳƣһŵûɢ
鹬У鹬ҲԪɳľڵĹԪҲҪĿƣ
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飬ϵĵ֤ʱȻָ
¶˷֮ɫЦֻҪ֤ЩɢĴڣȻһһۡ桢ͨ졢ۣȵȴڣһһңҲһǰδеĴԽƿصĴ
Ҷ񼴽ֻ֤ҲΪ֤֮еֻؿʼԭʼָһ鶼֮£ֻأ
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Уһۡħۡɵ۵ӰݣԽ󣺡֤ʱ֣ͥ߸սضͳ
סڣͳͳסڣ
Ҷ˫ĿȻѪ죬Ȼſڴ𣬺ţÿ춼ǳ֮ң٣ۡħۡɵͳͳ飡
Ĵٴۣɻһϴڣħݣ֤ʱ
Ҫ֤ʱûпܣ
ҶƺһǿнԼӿشͳͳжϣͳͳ飬Ѫϣͷϴڣ֤ʱֻֻ֤֤Ԫֻ֤ţ֤أ֤ͳ
֤ʱֻأϵģģͳͳȥ
֤ʱһգǱҪѹһգ븴
֤ʱΪͳû֮
ۡħۡɵͻȻĬӰԽԽãʧؼֻһػصУ֤˵


1025 ֤
УƽϢҲоԵԪƽҲûбӰֵѹȸС
Ԫʼħɫ΢䣺ôû֤вɣ
΢΢ܵһ֤֮ƺҲŭŭҶȻǿдԼ֤ܾԭֻأ֤ڵĸգ
֪ٴڣΪ˵ȴһ̶㾡ֳԶΪľֹɵٹ⣬㲻ͬ档
Ԫʼħޱ飬飬õֻأȴԭУϣѹƵס㡣
ҶԷɳֻţأ̲ס˿Ѫήٲǿж֤صḶ́һдˣԭɾ˿ȴΪǿдԼľ磡
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ҶĨȥǵѪֻ֮УԶͥԴԴӿޱӴľ޸Ԫֻš
֤ǿдԼ֤ԪֻҲͬ⵽شνƴҲҪֹֻظԭ
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ҶԸ⣬ЩڿҲƵòɣٵأȫǡ
㣬㣬㣬Ϊ˵úɣԪ죬ԼһжأûңʶԪһлȫǣȻ㲻𡣡
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֤ҶҲûжٰգǿ֤ľǿߣҲҪ֤أԼĴС
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Ҷ񵱼ʼԣͼԼ׻ɡ
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γһ޴ĺĤ̥缦ѣ΢΢Ծ
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ղͼݻɺɿռ䣬ʧЩԼĤ̥
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Ҷ뵽ؼ֮ĵֻ֤»Ҫ֤֮ǾǺ֤ĴֻͨʱԪһʧң
ֻǣҶԺɴ򣬻ۣۣҲ޳ɺ֤Ա֤
Ժ֪֪ף֪аۿĺȱΪҪһǾûпٳԼ֤֮ǽԪʼԱ֤޳ɵΪԪʼǿߡ
ۿ֤֤ɹֻԪʼУѷɫһ
֤ȻѣֻҪ֤κ˶Ҳ޷ң
Ҷĵ󡢵ۻսڼȶȹǰѹ˵ҪԵЩ֣Щˡ
ԭΪԼ˳˳֤ɹһѹԵˣû뵽һߡ㬵Ʋѡ
ΪԽ֤ԲŴǰʮ棬ޱǿƵӲƴȡᣬѰֻȥҲԭޱţĴ죬ħʶ֮ĹУߴ졣
ҶԿ϶ħʿ϶ۻ۾ս֮ʱǰһţݺݵشѹһ¶Թ
֪ͲħʺʹôˡԪʼħֻҵӻҪһЩ
ҶԪʼħͳεǺ棬ǰյ۾Ĵմȥ棬ֻǾһƳ֪ʵ
ħʡ𵹻ˣԪʼħǾеľУҿһĿ


1026 ɱٽ
磬裬飬һ桢գƿؿռ䣬Ժչ½ħ򣬹ȴ١
Ƭ̣дյ۾۾ϵ۾ٵˣϷڣףλ۾ʾ⣬ǺЦ֮Լʱ۾ˡ

۾ЦΪ֮һͳŮӣλǷνǹһλŮۣ۾ƫƫҪУһµʱˡ
յ۾ޱ飬ȻֻҪ̳
۾Щֻյ۾ԭǲУԪʼ·ϣӺҽ֤̳֮ȴҶǿжȥʵѷɫ࣬ǰܴ
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һݣȴЩ֮սѾĻڶ֮սУֱϧЩһǿȴһܹʶߵľ磬ǵĹʣͳͳ󡢵ۻҶȥ
ͻȻջζ½ҫֻһʮԼӵۻ۽٣ʣ﷭ڣҲо档
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ۻԣ΢΢ü֡һԵ£ҪһţϷĲƸ£ӵеıʤܲ˶ģֻѾ֪ħ۾ı壬ֻҪնı壬ʵ𡭡
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ɱ
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ɱ


1027 ɱ
鹬绨ȽȽ𣬸߸Ķˣ磬λУ¿ȥֻħ£һ۾һһ棬¶ǧޱӴӵȥ
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ŷҶ񽻸Ķ˾ʮ֮һΪԽ߷󣬷ƾŷȥħ󣬽ڷ֮УȻΪġ
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ʦͥ츮һֻӿ˿أٻһУħٻɻң𼸺һ֮࣡

ӷڱʦͷɻҽ
յ۾ɸĳһսͷɽˮͼ̳ĿɨӴյ۾Ц
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鹬٣޾λʦ֣ɱô
֮ͻȻһֻһֻŴ¡һ֮ϡ


1028 ֮
үˣ
鹬У˿鹬дĵҲһ죬ս˿̣鹬ʥʡ׻ʼʣ࣬ʮҲʣ²ʮˣ˴۾ֻж˾̫顢Ǭ
ⳡսޱȣʬ£ѪɺħʤеĶʮ۾ʣʮһˣʮķ棬룡
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̫۾æ߶̫ͼߴȥһͼУҪͻȻֻѪ˥ߣûаһֻ̾ӿǿд߶̫ͼߴ۾
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񾵣ɴŭҧгݣȻһָƺһѪήҵء
񾵺ХС
Ҫ߶񾵣ͻȻֻۻ鲻֣ԼΪҪ֣
һݣ֪ۻͶԼΪ˳ۣ֣Ци֮ʣ֪ʱȻŹ㡣
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1029 һս
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ħʼ󣬲һҶԪݣڱξ磬Ѿӵͷʮ֮У

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ҶĿɭȻȻֻֻ֮УХɳ֮⣬ҶֻţУλʦ֣һս


1030 ݿ
ϣҶֻһ칬ظεض𣬹ʮ칬ʮظΡΡħ콫䣬֮ԶžޣϷǱߣɱٲȻ컯һȻ磬ԶŵĹԣ
ħʣǻһս
ҶվڴϣҪսսҶĳɣ
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1031 
ħ־ŭ֮Ĺ֤ĵ֮УӦܵУȴҶǰ֤һҲûܿסֱӸУ
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󣬿󡢵ۻ򼸸սħʱĵȻͨ󣬵׷ֿͨӻֻӣһսǲָˡ


1032 Ī
صħǿ󣬵׷ȴԶ壬׷ϵĳɾҲԶԶԪʼ֮Ҳδ֤֤֮֮ܽ
ħҶ֮ѹҲԵʣֻʵǿΨһһλҳֿȭҶ֮ˣˣۻۡ󣬶ֱֳŸҶӲƴ
ܲҶ񣬵ҲȥԶǱ֮УҲԺܿѳȥ
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ҶһƷɳִ𣬶ȻĩսӿЦʶ𣡡
ƺһʱֻޱŨʼתΪ˥·࣬ưܣ̨̫ϵȥ
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̨̫ȻΪʮ֮ǿı֮һԸҶȴЩ
ǿô˵ҶҡᦣԸħʣ˾Ȳ˴ۻۣħʵ¼޷ҶԪ㡣
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أ
Ҷ񿹺⣬Ҷһȭķѣˣ֮дȨҲѺۣ
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ۻе칦³Ҳ³߾ۼǿߣƾһзţҶҲֹ³ߵĴ̫ǿҲ칦³˺ۡ
ҶҲûܺùǿ߶ԿԪ⵽ޱȾҵĳ˵ѵһսħѹֻһսܶգ
ڣֻ֮дʱԶͥԴԴϵ֧Ϊģ޸Ԫˡ
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Ĥ̥֮УȻƺŮʥޱȣӳ֣ϼȻҶѹһ֤ɾ
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֤ʱŮбŮΪΪΪʣΪͳ
֤ʱΪ檣Ů¹񣬸Ů峣
֤ʱŮΪΪ澣Ůӡ

Ҷһݣԭδ֤ǽǿнΪ֤ĲΣû뵽һսǴϻ۵ŮһͻƱݣΪΪֹһλ֤Ů
һ֤ʵѹ
飬Ѿ֤ΪһλŮδֵ֤ܵĴΧ
￩һЦͻȻ߶ԪֻܱǣҶХԪԨ֮Уħ¥ޱ֮䣬ħһ֮ħ
Ҷɫأ˿ҪΪվһս
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Ҳһս۾ľ磬ͨشõϿɣɾ͵۾
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ոս鹬ͻȻоֻһλ걳˫֣ͻȻתͷЦһֱΪУδл̸ô˻һ𡣡
飬ôᡭ
ʧ̧ͷȥֻĤ̥֮УҲһλҶͷ߶Ĵսʵ׽͸ĸҶĸҶĻ
ܿѹͷļ¶ǳЦ۾ĪĻ֮λı壿
ۻۡ󡢴ħʣĴ۾Ǻεǿᣬǻܿ⣿
Ҷ΢Цûзϣ˻֣ǰɫãһЦ
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Ц۾֮սȻѾֳʤ鹬ȫʤ۾Ĵ֮սȴ·硣۾ܷסг⣬̸ֺ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻѾȫδƾʤѾ
̧ͷȥֻ֮ĺĤ̥֮УҶѾ׽󣬵ֿѣʼ߶ֻţĴ⣬ɻʵڿҶʤ

ֻŶȻȡĤ̥ĺĤ̥֮УֻŻ֮е羹ȻʼһƬɣͬδ٣ػδһ㡣
֮⣬ҶԪͻȻһնϣ漴һӡ£ҶԪ÷飬Ҳɴֻգ
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ħʻӶᦣҶ飬߶ӡݺѹ£ҶҲɺͬҲֻգ
ͬʱһֻеϣħʡһŴţȻ㽫Ҳݻ٣ϾҶϣ
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أ
ֻűѷ飬һ޴ĺĤ̥һŷɳֻٴ飬һ˶Ƭ·ɳħʵ˷׷׳ᣬ漫Ϊҡ
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Ĥ̥ͻȻһ£æͣ½Ų¶֮ɫʧ۾ĸ
Ҷ΢ЦƬ̣ҧҧ£Ц۾̸һ̸ʲô


1033 ֤
Ҷ΢Ц˫Ŀ֮УãͬССĺĤ̥ڲݺɴ̸ģһװˡ
Ҷֻͫɲ⣬޷۾еЩЦ۾ԸҪ۾㾿ҪʲôܹʲôС
Ҷ΢΢һЦ渵
Ƭ̣鹬߳㺹죬粻Ȼ³һ֮ȥкɲ飬ĸԽ˿͸ˡ
ҶһԻ֣̻֮£ǴӦҶĽףĵɲ⣬ȷѾֻܵ˳ˮ飬±֡ףҲԿ
֮⣬̧ͷȥֻ޴ĺĤ̥֮з·飬Ծ֤֮죬̲صĴϤ֤֤֮֮ںɣĺɴֻ»֮ϣ
ħƴȡҶıǽҶ򱬣ʮǱֻֻصƬǼΪı֮
ʦ˵ΣգСġ
ۻۼæǰֵನһůЦ£һ󡣡
ۻɻЦʦ࣬ʵ̫ˣ㵫˵޷
Ц¾ս󣬻²Ҫʣֻǡ
ۻиɻЦã޴Ӧ㣬ʡ
ħҲоһ˿ԾĵطĤ̥֮ĹеĤ̥Ҫ޴ֻ֮һϽͬ½Ư˶󣬱ҪӴ౶
֮⣬ֵ𣬼Ϊߵȵͳͳ֤֮ϲϣ
ǾĶǵǣĤ̥֮һϵ֮еˣţͷ棬˻ʣǾ࣬԰ƣǧƣ
ЩĤ̥еֻһףǾҶףֵ֯ι״ħӰһͬееʥޱȡ
ֳַָͳͳױʤÿһֶ̲һֲͬĵɹۣ
ħ£ǰ֮ĹĺĤ̥ʵ̫ˡ
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Ҷ飬ɣȻҲΣ֮ĹλҪ׳ۼ֣
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ڷҶʮʮЩǿħʳһ£Ҳ֮УĵǹϷֻƬûпܸԭȼ˵
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Ĥ̥֮еغԽԽ࣬ʮһڲٵµغġ
ͻȻһģĹһӣֻһ޴غɵĴ½¡¡ײڻһķһѿ޸ĵ֯ѿ޸档
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һæȥɴ˴ͷȥԼе̫ʿ츫кơ
е̫ʿ츫Ĥ̥еǱ޸Ϊƣһģһֻ
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Ԫ飬ټϴҲ飬ɣγɵľ𺳣ֻĤ̥֮Уô֤֮֮Ī
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ۻ⵽ѹѪֻԿ⣬ȫֿæ£ӽɽ磬֮Ȼ˶Ը
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1034 ҵƽ
ɫ䣬ۻ۳֣æͷȥֻĤ̥еɽ֮ϣȻҶԪ
ӺпʱգΡΡȺ죬Ա֦Ҷ֮ϣڵĶˣʮ£תͬһŻǣѤޱȡ
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Ϊ֤޵Ҫʲôý֣
ﲪȻŭ߶Ŵȥ磬ۻ۶ݣͼƵۻ۵ķɱҶ񣬲ȴʼձۻ赲ŭЦҰģԺзǣΪӣȴŴΰ㣬޿Ԥؽ֮أ
ħҲǴΪͼʮһ֤֮ķȽҶɱʮһ֤֮ǵʵֻ¶̶ʱ޷ͻƣ
ͻȻʮһ֤֮Хɻأħֻѹʧдϲæ̧ͷȥһ
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һۡ˻ʴۡħ۷׷߳칬ظħΧһۡۡ޵Ժתɡ
絽ǻħ̾
֤⣬ҵƽ𣡡


1035 ѹ
Ĥ̥ȻʧֻҶֻУ£ĵ֤֤࣬ǺɴͳͳͬϿɣ֤
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ĵ֤Ψһ˶ѣ
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𰵵һ⣬֪ҶԪȥ⣬ѵֵҶ񣬼æȥͻȻֻֻֻȭͷһͳͳ俪漴ָſºݺһץ
ʮ棬ֻֻܿܿ£ƾսĴһץߣɵøľɸԳ֣
ħͷҷҷԴһλʧǣ૵


1036 һë
Ҷ񽫴ãش֣ѴİͳͳᣬֻеĴѹ
ֻ֮£ħʱѹ޷Ҷ񵱼߶ţֻֻ𶯣ÿһΣħڱһƳ⡣
˴ΣħʵİͳͳƳλеħۣҲҶѹ
ӵδȥ
ҶĿһɨֻѳԸħ֮ʱ˦ۻۣӵӰ٣ȻʧЦ
Ѿĵ֤֮£硢ʮ滹еǧ磬˵ۻ𣬿÷͸
ҶĿɨǧ磬ʱգ۵ףͻȻټһץȥƺ¡һ͸գٶӶȥץȥ
δ֤֮ʱʵҲӲĴֹ֤ʵ͵ޱߵľ磬ֱ׷
飬Ϊ޵ˣ
δʱգҶ׷ȻֻһɺޱߵķԼͷȥһֻץָ濪ͬشһЦñȴǷЩ֪仹ʵ֮ϵǿߣ
أ
ȻײձݣһƬԪʼ磡
Ԫʼħ֮Ըң
Ҷһֺͣ٣ֱ̽棬ֻУһʮ챦ڻԪʼ֮Уһڿھ޴ĹΧתݣЩǹ֪ٵ۾նԼ棬˿ڹͬ
ӿٶȣȥЦ飬У֤Ԫʼǰݵ񣿡
۾Ѿ֤ˣ
ͻȻһ棬ԪʼħˣöĿҶޱ飬κϲŭ̽һץ޷֮С
֤ؽ޸ֻأӭһǰδеĴƬأ¿죬һ硣ȥģ
ɻĹУҶ֤ؽ춯أֻػָĩսٻǰ磬Ҷ֤ԭʼпٵأɣݻһµء
ȻҶûаԤе֤ϢδѾɾļ㡣
ʦ֣֤ںԿأֻ֤أ
ҶֶֻȻأֻջζҶֻ߳£Цʦʧˡʦ֣磬߽룬ʦֽ󽻸޵ܡ
ߣֻ֮ԼԼѹԼϡ
ԪʼħָᵯֻһʮڷɳУʱܷǣҶмɵѡ
ɫ䣬ȴԪʼħδԼҶҲ˿Ц飬㾡κβޣ
ҶɫģӶԪʼħЦʦ֣ۿѹ꣬޵֤Ԫ񳤾ã˵ʦֻᱻ޵ѹøá
ҳ档ңʦ񻹲統ҵõ־ѳ࣬Ҳκҡ
Ԫʼħ΢΢һЦ飬Ҳ֪ʱǳĩս٣δ׽Զֻͥг׻𣬲ܵһµ磬زб֮ģӦȡ壬ؿأɣȫһë£ἺΪˣڣʦ˼
ҶĬƬ̣ҧҧͻȻεһë۲ѣһֻëԪʼħȥЦһë£޵ȻΪ֮ʦֽһëպáʦ뽫Ҷĳëι⣬޵ǾЩ̫ˡ
Ԫʼħ΢΢һͻȻЦֵ˵ʦܻذɣռ¡
ҶʩԪʼħ͡
ҶԻص֮⣬ۻۼЦлнգ¹û
ңΪ֮ˡ
ۻۻ񣬿ЦʦֶֺΣ˵ʦ㡣
ҶЦħѱ֤
ֻţֻŻԽԽԽԽΰȻ磬ΡΡء
¡
磬ʮ磬ͳͳֻǣ𶯣ԭĹ
ֻ֤֤֮֮֮ǿԽʮﵽ˼ĵز
ۻͻȻʦ֣Ҫδôħʣ
ҶЦط磬һͳʮ죬ʮ˲ħͳʮ˲Ƿ磬ţͳΣͳʮ죬һǰδеʢ
ۻ̾Ҿʩʦִȣǰӣ
ͻȻʦ֣죬硢ͳΣʲô
ȻסڴС磬֤Կ졣
Ҷ΢΢һЦϴ죬ۻۻ̾ҶȣʲôôûеõЦ£̫ҺˣЩ㱻ƭˣȻͳ˷Ľ磬סڴУƿ֤֮죬ҵȴͳΣҲĪƿأ֤Խ࣬ĴԽȹ̣ԽβƣҪҲðһͷ
ۻʵڲľ£ʦɻмƲߣĿƣ
Цѳɣ˭κֻܷΪ𡭡
˵ϴ죬ֻħʶ˱ѹ޷Ӵ˵ѡ
λʦ֣뽫Դڴ죬ΪƬسһ
ҶЦеұ֣λʦˣȡλʦֵĴҲƴ졣
Цʦ֣ղۻʵ
Ҷɫް٣
աʮ󣬴ҳ鳾ʦˣ
ʲʩ𣬷ҫڴУЦǿᣬʮ󻹲Ҫɮͳη磬ң
ħҲվħҲڴ죬Ц޼ˣʰ·磬ʮԪľһһѣ
λʦ֣Ԫ֤Ԫ棬Ѿܴȣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǻǾǰȥա£Ҳ֣˾磬ֻš
飬Ѿ֤ˣ
ħɫ䣬ʧǣħЦѣת뿪޲ţ֤
ۻҲĪƬ̲Żعǰ졣
ҶĿ뿪ͻȻ̾˿һޱӴǴʱ֧Զͥ
̽һץֻ̫𣬻̫ʿ츫ӸУʱӦƽƽп¶֡
ҶĿɨȥһĿȻĬ


1037 һö˲ι
Ҷǰʮڵ֮࣬ǡǡһԪʱ䣬ζڵʮڸͷڿή
һֲĸо
һԪͬеϵֵ˼
ѵҲԪƣĻȷҲϵԪˡ
ҶüҲпܲԪľԭήܹݹشǰĹ⾰֣п֪ζֻζ
ֻǣѾԭֻƬͳͳµֻأֻҲûа취ܹʱ⣬һĻˡ
һ֪شǰʲô¡
̧ͷֻеֻӰǰĵֻ֤ʱԭֻ֮еԪʼҲµֻ֮С
ֻҶֻδԲûлḴѡ
ʱԪʼǸ֪ؼ˵ʱֻأΪѰһ
µ֮УֻԪʼŻ֪귢ʲô顣
ҪѯԪʼʲô飬ýУǸ
ԪʼĶԶԸλʷǿĴڸֻλڱҪָͥʢøλǿĴڣѹԪʼ
Ҳûпܣλ궼ֻҶ񳹵ֻأǸ
ֻλĻᳬҶƿأϾʷǿˣҶֻԶǵĶ֡
ʱԪʼʤȡͳͼҶƿأҪٵص
ԪʼħҲ֪ŵϧԪʼħͬ
ҶֻԶȴħʰһض漴еһأۻҲԼĵɽ˶ܹǿᵽģΨ֤Ĵڡ
ֻŻӵǿķﺳͬռ䡢һߣ
Ҷ񵱼ֻ֣еĵɽۻĵɽݣ϶ΪһֻеĵɽΪģһµĵɽ硣
У棬䣬Բȱ˿ûиоش䡣
ɽֻţҶʱֻŵǿһ֣д󶨣ǽ磬Ϥֻţҵ֤֮㳹Գһ磬ԿҲ˼ֵİա
Ҷ쾭֮УȴûзķҲ֮УţҶɴֻеϡ
˵Ҹʰ·磬ҷȻԽԽãλѹסһ
ĸʢ磬һֱ˷ȥɵ㣬Ϸǣͣ£ĵϣǴˣڱ£ǵ͵һЩΪ
Ž£һ֦֮ϣ漴ȥȥ졣
صأҶͷۣԶγɵĻҿռ䣬ȾԶ˵ִħء
ְʮƬҪʮ䣬ҪеħԣסΪһ֣ᱻͬΪħħԴ󷢣ֻɱ¾Ĺ
Ԫʼ˳磬ϴȥеħԣ˲Ŵ硣
еħͳͳϴȥħһʧ䣬ѾԶʱ׵ļԪħһҲףܶϾ
Ҷ뵽̴߶ֻ֮еʮ˲֤֮ȡһƬеħԣڵƬеħԣҲδһ£ǽƬʮ֤֮ϡ
ħʼδϴȥصħԣħһĸҲ˿жҶȴҲм
ҶϴȥصħԣʵҶҲҪȻ֣ƴҲҪΪħһһ
أʮʮ˲һޱȺ嫵Ḷ́Ҷ񡢵ۻۡħʡĴ֣ҲķѾͷ
ʱȥʮʮ˲ǳ߳Σһ׳٣һμΪңԶľ룬ۻۡħʺʹ۵ݿ£һʣ޼ҶҲֻܲסвȻõۻ۵ȥϢԼҲͣ
⻹ԭеϣ磬ǻ𵱽磬¿죬ҲŹ֡
Ҷ߳ţĿɨȥ޾գֻղȫȻտյط֮⣬СС磬Ӧشʱγҿպ֮ء
ף
ҶͻȻһĿͣҿպ¶˼֮ɫǰͻȻĪıӿ
΢΢ü̾˿ٲʮ֮ϵĴ졣
ֻУǬ˾桢۾ࡢ桢¡ᡢŭ۵棬Ҷ롢Ҷ衢ʥʣԼ硢е۾һá
鹬ǷλҲУɫҶ٣ȥᣬæү̫ʦִҪȥˡ
Ҷ񻺻ͷ˹ȥֻţǰأţᣬֲ̽ڵͷȥ̫۾ġ
̫۾öݰܣԪ࣬һţЦ⣬ţأ컯һϲ£α᣿
ޣ٣ز
̫۾̧ͷҶǺЦʦ֣ܼ֤ɺͼΰҵˣ̾ϧ
ҶĬƬ̣ȡһö˲ιЦʦֲٵȼ꣬ұ磬ôǧһͳǿǿ󣬲ѷԶͥӭ׵ʢ
ж̫۾ΪھΣ̫۾ǳսУ¼ȥԪʮɻԿҶ˵ʢ֤øԶ
ֻϧλѾߵԪľͷֻ˲ιΪ٣ֻپǧꡣ
̫۾ûнӹ˲ιٿݰܣݿ£ͬľĿжȻŷһʣЦԪʼ֮δ֤ԪʼΪԪ㣬ö˲ιʦֻţ޷ͻԪʼپǧꡣѾˣѪ˥ܣֻ´Ҳ֤
Ҷǿн˲ιУתȥ
ܰ죬
̫ʻ죬ɽ½ĵɽ磬磬ɽƣ˼䣬ɽɲͷִСУɽ֮Уеүˣ
ŵƨæӶзɳ̧ͷȥֻҶ٣æүĹ䵽Сˣ
Ҷ̧ͷеĸȥֻһ˲ιдУֻʣһ˲ι΢΢ü˲ιδ
СүСþֶΣֻǿס֮Զͥ磬˲ιԿعͬʵүժһö˲ιǾˡ
Ҷ̬ľȻվң˲ιþò
ɲԵҲĬĬվҶߣãҶȥͷֻҶҵӶŮԪľʲôΪ١ѵԪʼħ˵ֻܹ¿һ˻Ԫ
Ҳģ


1038 绪
羭ôõķչѾֻ֤֮ͣҵݻĿռ䣬Χޱ޼ʣɲ
ƣŵԽԽǿԱ￪أԪʼҲֻŵĹģӴ󣬲ϧǣԪʼͼɵΪ׵ΪչһκҲ޷ûָܻͥʢ
Ҷȴû׷ɵһķչ׵׵ݻ£ٴ֤֮죬˲δΡ
ҲԴֻ֮пԱ֤ȷһޱڵţԪʼ
ֻ֤֤Ԫʼ᳹ƣиɻ
Ҷվڴ鹬УֻԽԽƣԸ߾ĸԽԽԪʼԱ֤ķţȷޱȣױ磬ӶԼ
ңҿպĿ֮ҿպߵҵʱձ͸κܿԡ
ͻȻ֮ͫгһλŮƮȻɣʤѩʳȣͷ¶վҿպĶ԰ңң
ͬһѩˣ֪ĲɣȻĿעӹ껣漴ʧҶǵڶ
Ҷ΢λŮҲǺ棬գգ۾ӣСſ˵ͻȻջζʱջңŮʧ
Ҷ̽ҿպƬʱץȥƿʱգȴʲôҲûץ
ѵԶʱյĵӰȻʧ
Ǹˣ֣ȥ鹬У𡭡
ʱյһˣŮв죬ٲϿȥֻ׵绹Ҫΰ౶һΡΡȺ죬磬С类һƬƬҶϣҶӵشȺ죡
ɹӸӿӵһУгӣлз⵴һ֮УУйޱԶžޣͱһ绹ҪӴ࣬һΧΣ
һ˯֮Уξдǧξ֮У鷱ϢξеĴǧ߽⣬ޣ˯дǧξе
׳ޱȣǱīݣ
Ůһ·߹һ磬֮ϵĴ죬ֻһͯӭЦӣˣĪֿʲô£
ŮǰЦ붨֮ô
ͯЦѾˣǰӭӡ
Ůͯ鹬УֻһλϵĴڴ鹬Ԫʼ
ŮԼϸϸ˵һ飬ֻλϵĴڳĬƬ̣ڵҲǰ붨дش缴䣬ɵ߽⣬һĩպƽ٣ٺӣģδľʱɵ棬䣬ûκһλܹǸ
ŮгһֻλϵĴһ̻ʱضҪֻأΪͥһ
֤ԪʼȻͥ׻Ůݵ
λϴ̾ϢһԸˡ
ҿպ⣬ҶĿ⴩͸һƬƬʱգʼûѰλӵټͻȻĿһɽ֮УֻޱȻռţһһĻķأѵɽ£лɹ
ﻹɵ򣬸׵ĹֲͬĹ໥ײֻ׵ĹռϷ磬ɵĹѹƣ
䣡
شͻȻһɽڶ𣬻һƬԲǧĺΰ磬ɹӿ׵ƽ⡣
Ƿɽֻɽ֮ϣһλֻվɽ죬ǿн׵ɵʼľ磬ͼ׵ɵΪһ壡
ΪɵݣҲΪ׵ݣͼΪʱͬʱ⵽ֹѹѹѹѪѹõϴѣѹʼ߽⣡
ԪʼҲ׵ɵݣֻɣ׵ľ磬ִʵ޷ݣ޷в㣣û棡
غֹͬʱǰ꣬ƮҡʱִĹ֮£ȴ⣬ƴǿϧȼԪòڷ˥ϡ
䣬㵹µӦѾɻˣ꣬ƺʱܺľԪȥ
ϣҶֻԶԶȴûж
ãӦڵڳסֲͬϴǿнִۺһ壬һƣɹ
ɽȻ飬ƬɽƬ֮еɵĹҲС
ֻܴأķԼԪһλ׷ԲԵߣִ壬ϺײʱʱѪ
Ϊɽܣִ˻һֱֱ
Ȼޱȣɷ˫һ۵ȡֻҪߵĵ·һ·ھ·֮пвɻ
ϣעҪ¶ǰС
ƬذɽеɵѾУǰһ
ٸһʱ䡭̾Ϣ
ͻȻһҿպռ䣬Хһö˲ιӦУӦڵ̧ͷȥֻʱö˲ιԺδ
ʦܣô
ϣ鹬УҶһöپǧ˲ι͵ӦڵУ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʦ֣δҶʱ򣬻ȵһս
һսҪƽǬ
Ŀ֮ĹϣѾգʮʮ˲ֻ֮ĹΪʬܹϵ֤ӽԪʼľ磬ҶĿǰҲûаܹʬ
οԼڣȴԭӳ˯ǸޱΣյĴڣǿҶػֻֻ󶯸ɸ꣡
񣬶Բסˡ
ͻȻ֣صֻӰӰһֻǰ֮Ĺ
֪䣬ǰȥҶڵʱ䣬ǿ򣬵ۻͳʮ磬õޱߵĹ¼ӳ֣Ϊʶơ
ħʮ˲֮УԶʱĵͬԶŵǹס֮ĵħס֮ء
طʮ죬ȻԵá
徳̫۾̫徳Ǭ죬˾۾죬۾޼죬۾Ʒ桢桢ȶʮ۾ͳһص
дҲʱڽ۾ͳ̥ƽ졣ҶҶصɽ磬Ϊ˻ʴۡ
Ϊࡢ桢ڤԺסȵȣ֦ҶϿ磬Ϊһ֮
СС֦ҶϣΪ׳ۣȮҶ񣬸һ磬쿸ڱϣĴΣż˵У˼ҵԲ໽лһڳԵǻ˲
Щ֪ҶҵĹŭԣֻýƹȥƽϡ
Ƭ˲ű
һգͻȻ𶯣۾ֻ¶ͻȻƿصԪʼƶɵʮ׷ƿأһһƿշȥ
Ԫʼħɣ˵һٵˡ
ħۻ̧ͷֻʾͷһ޴ĹľƮ


1039 ߳
棬һΡΡתٺɡ
ΪһһΪƶ磬ݻֹ磬ƶںɣɸԪʼ
ÿתһܣ׳֮ƶݻ磬֮󸴹ںɣٹԪʼѭ
ǹǿ֤֮
Уһڿھ޴Ĺ餴Ա߷ɹɣֻſٵȥ
ϣԪʼħϥ΢ЦĿֻſȥ֮е磬ϤС
ߣվλһλһλҲ
ֻ˵̬ȴвͬһλһλȴֻе۾ΪȻնĶ
Ȼ˵Ƕλȴ磬ϲŭ֣Ҳмթƻвͬһìۺ塣
￴ԼĶвһ漴һնƶո壬һڡ
״һ֪ԼĶΪܹɳ۾ľ硣Ѿ֤©Ө͸һ˿ܿնᶯҡԼľκ˶ǵ۾ҲһɲǼʮǧԼĶʱʱ̲̿׳
鲢޶ԹҲ޳ģ
ԪʼħҲҪأֻҪף׷ġǹֻֻ̡أٵأ磬ϣܴһȱ硣
ЦԣҪʶһ㣬ĿԼˣԼѣԼӻ飬һһȥһһ׷ĲλӰʱȡ壬ȫǡ
ԪʼħעһƮȥЦǸˡ֮عڻޣʱݲٵأֻءʱԶѣһһԪʼҲһһ֮ή٣һǰδеĴǰ
һ֣ЦԪʼ֪۸Դ񣬻ı壿
һԼֽһƶնЦȻԼı塭
ˣһһ֮
ԪʼħԭкԪʼڴǰļУָʢվУֻгףͳվǽˣһսͷ䣬Ըʿ죡֣һԳ֣еִţͳͳ飡
ﲻɼ΢޸ɣٵأ֮٣ȻһҵĴ
ӢۣȻ֮зˮ𣬻ôǰ޷ĵλô
ԽԽãֻˣ޵ĳͷ֮գ
ͬʱ֮ĹУҶͻȻһĵԪʼħˡ
ܹоõѹֻΡΡȺ֮еЩʮһһƿأһޱǿǣ档
ԪʼʮԪʼħȫЩԶ˵ƿ֮зɳУ
һ޷ļ¶洫д֮ϵĴڣд֮Դд֮ʼԪʼ
ԪʼȻšԪʼ֣ľ粢δﵽԪʼľ磬ֻԪʼ״̬ױΪԪޣδܿһ
ﵽԪʼױôһҵֻţֻֻǿ⡣ԪʼħɴȻ֣֡
ҶɫأԪʼħȻûгԹͬ˲ⳡ
Ԫʼħҵǰ֪ҵֻΪ֮ĩ٣վԪʼֻĶˡԪʼȻ顭
ȻĿͬפһƬ磬΢һ
һΣҪеĲִͳͳ飬ͳͳ
ҶʬȥֻλͬٵصħȻվ۾ſҶĿӣնʱ޷˵Ŀһѿޣͬһ籩
ִҶڴ˵أһս꣡
Ϣײ֮ĹѱƻһͿҶ֮Ĺ֮꣬Уִս֪ٳʼδܽ£
걻ڣִд棬ػԼʬԭУִԦʬлɱ
䣡
վһҶ£ֻһ֮ѿͬ󸫣֮УȻһƬƬأǳӿ֣һ½飬ħ֮еѪӵȴһ㣬ĺԪޱȶݣһнţ漴
һƣֱӵпٵ֮ܣ֤Ĵͨݻ쾡£
⻹һƲִ񸴻ʵƱҪҪǿ᲻֪ٱ
ҲܳΪԪʼеܹ
Ҷһȭӭϣȭͷ֮ͬʱӿ֣֮УĥʵҲо
֤Ӿһȭ磬׳ۺǷȱĽھϱѷɫ
ҶͬҲδȫȫʩչȻԪ߶ֻţʵҪǿ
ֻֻҪ磬ӻֻܿܿƾս
ǸҶҪѷɫ࣬ϾѾӽԪʼľ磬Ҷ
˶֤֮ӵпٵ֮ܣһ֣һƬƬ棬˵һȭһſٳ漴ھҵĶ֮У
ͻȻ뿪߳壬˺ѵأĴ֤͵ĵ
κһλ˵أ˵ıȣֻ¶ᱻѪ⣬ɻңɥ
߳Ҷս֮Уѧ׵á
˵֮߳Ĺʱ׻ɣ߽⣡
֤꣬ȻֵҲڣҶ߳˵ҲǺô
Ҷһ߳ҪԸȴ꣬ĲִҪԵִ

ſһʱ֮ĹĻ֮Ϥһڣſٺ
˴ս߳工ϣ֤֮Ҳһз飡
񣬶Բסˡ
ڣжٶȴٻȻִ⵽شҶȻֳһ޴ֻӰ¡תֻ֮У
Ҷ˿ֻ֮еһݣ૵֣ҲȲѡ


1040 ʱ
ʤ㲻󣬻ۡ
Ҷ֮ĹĿɨȥֻ֮⣬ԽԽĹ餷죬磬㣬һᣬ̳ȥԪʼ֮ء
ǰһ꼻ήлôɵһҲоޱѹֵϢ
ʮУףд֮аŷգţط磬һ𽫷绯磬Ϊһ壬ͬԿ֡
ҵһսǣ㣬ֻǣ˴µӣǳսѾһޱߵĺƽ١
ħҲɫأټʮ˲еħ񣬼üһã̧ͷֻ޹飬૵ǰһսȴɱ٣ҪͳͳǣС
ȻϢеħԾʮ˲ɾ˲ħħһҲָ˲Ԫвǿߵ
һսħʵûʲôա
һս
徳΢Уۻ϶Ⱥƣüһãȷʮ˲ʮۻ۵ʵҲǿ˿Ҳɫء
ڽǵϣһۻ۲̫̫ۣǬۣ޼ۣ̥´ۣʮһۣһʮ֤֮
֮⣬徳λҲƹ徳֤֮
Щ֤֮Ҷʮ취ģҹҹõǿ
ۻϵͳߣϣʮһĵ۾֮ϹۻͳΣʵϽһ磬ټλ徳ۻ۲ûȨ£ѹ硣
λʦֻδôڵۻ֣ʵ
ǺͷλﻺҡͷһݣδӰʱֻأ֣ûֻӰӣֻҵҪˡ
һս֮󣬿ɱƽ˰ɣ૵
ĬȻ
ͻȻֻһڿھ޹ƽз磬˷ȥһݣλʩǰ鹬ͳ磬׼ս
λͷչȥǰ
Ĵ۵λҲرС
۷׷ȥػ徳֮䣬ǵбֻʣۻ۶ˡ
£߰գԶ˵ء
ĬãͻȻɬһЦһսʵûаְգҲû˿ʤ㣬ȻԪʼħסڣûκʤ㡣ҪΪۣѾԸǸ÷ȥˡ
٣ٵڴսǻл˵أԶɱԼȥһʱա
ʦ
ۻͻȻչմЦʦһǰΪҸΪδ˵ԸȺۣϵλ°ȴҪΪԼΪԼı
վʮ죬ɽʮ˲һ۵ףҶ㣬ܶ㵽ȥ㿴ܿܿͷĤҵȣҵȥΥġһսҪΪԼսһҲϧ
ͻȻЦʦʵãһսл뿪
ҡͷЦͬܺΪȴԭ򡣼Ȼ²Ը뿪ͬ
ʦۻſڣֹ
ţ
ۻ۳һ£һս֮ҽһ޸ҰաһǾ仰ӣزȢ
Ȧһ죬ĬĬͷ
ۻ۹Ц뻳У¿ȥֻһڿھ޹׷ľش򿪣һϵĴڴӹľ֮վǹϵĵ۾ħۡħۡ桢ʬǰնĶͬи
ĩ֮٣ڿ
޼죬޼Σ̳컯򸾡桢ǿ޼޼󣬴߶̳һϵվ̳֮С
ƿ̳߶ɽˮͼ޼ش߶Ƭغĵ֤֮޼ͼһڿھ޹׷ɱڡ
ͻȻֻصһһھ޹ͻȻľֻǿڹľ֮ޱ߻ڣ̫ͬӻͻȻһХֻ̫֮һͷͷڣ졣
һλӹľл
ʦ֡
һңλĶʦյ۾ڲΧ֮սУյ۾ѻǣ
λ㱼ͬʦֵ绨鹬УϤΣʱӣյ۾ϻ۾ֳͬԴƤĵܵܣ簮ʱִǶΪ潲⣬аʦ֮
ʦܣ㳤ˡ
λ棬¶һ˿ο֮ɫЦʱ㻹ʥʣ߰ٶ㾹ȻѾΪ۾ͳһ磬Ϊ޼ۣһġ
ʦ֣
һůͻȻɫޱʦѾתΪ飬ΪҪңʦ𲻾Ҫʦأ
յ۾ͣ½ŲЦʦܣʱѾһѧʦŵպ󸴻ȻḴҵȡ鸴ȴг٣ֶʦҪҲգ
ŭ˵ͻȻּһھ޹һվʦܣΪʦѾʦҲǷʲô񸴻ȴἺΪˣǸҪУʦȻӦַ
컯ʧף
λϻ۾Ķ컯컯ɨǺЦΪշ֮ŤתǬŮ֮顣սұȻ֣ն򸾶ˡ
沪Ȼŭȴһ׿һ߳ף̬һģһɾ͵۾ʱնĶ
ĶЦ޼ۣұһ壬Ѿѱģħ򣿡
յ۾ЦʦܣǶһսûκʤ㡣
ǶʦֵնĶҵıģλʦȻ˵ִ治Ļ
ŭЦȻȫ߶̳֤֮ڿգȼ¶յ۾ϻ۾ȥλʦ֣ձһս޵ѣ
ϻ۾յ۾ЦͻȻһݣۣ֤֮
˸ոհݵֻ̳ʱļԦƿշȥ
һæ߶ɽˮͼǿ۱ȴһݣջױ
ɽˮͼҲԷ𣬲֪ա
ˣȻ߶޼ֻ֤֮޼ͼƿն֮У컯򸾡˷׷׽У߶޼ͼ
ͬΪıλʦ֣󣬾һս
ʮ徻磬һ˫ƺʲʩ񣺡ۣݼ𡣷ʦӰݼ
ֻʮİ֮УһŷӲӣҫͨ͸һ滷ȻǷ۴вдĶʦʦ棡
һǷĶʦЦҵԶΪУضҵҪƬأ磬ǵ֣顣
ӱȻ֡
ȵȴҪңӽձض߾ܣĥǳ׻ð
ħ󣡡
һ䣬𣬴𹧹һݣʦʦУ


1041 Ԫʼ
Ԫʼ֮أҶȥֻһΡΡ칬޾ԶͥЩ֤ǿ֮ĹĹǵһƲл꣬ԭȡڵԪΪؾ۲лʱǱиչ
Ԫʼֲãȵñԭһֻ̣֣֮ء
ʱЩǱȻ飬֮Ҳ޹أֻǸԭΪ
ϧҶ֤ƣδֻظԭȻԪȡЩڸ
ĹУҶɿռ䣬۵ƬĹеˣꡭ
ۣҪΪһˣѾؼʱڣϵƾ޷ѹԪʼ
Ҷ񹧹ʩ񣬵Ҫ׵ɵӰһɨգȲѣþ徻ɽƽҡ
Ԫʼô
۵ͻȻͫбŷױȵɣͬޱ֮УΨһȱûǶ˽֣ӡ֤ҵĴ
ֻͻȻʵ֮С
Ҷֽ̽öʵץУֻ֮У˿ʵе۵꣬ڣԸǰΣһֵİա
ո֮߳ĹͻȻһݣֻһλݸ߹ŵ߱˫֣վƬ칬֮УһͷתԪʼɡơ硢Χתݡ
Ԫʼħ
ҶһͻȻЦ֪ʦΪλᵽ
ԪʼħתչЦʦܣҼ㲻֮У˼ȥֻطȥһ֮ĹڶȻȻ֮ĹСĪǣ븴ۣ˶Ըֺ
Ҷ΢΢һЦÿɷЦʦֻ֣Ϊ֮ⳡƽ٣ҪأδЩˡ
ԪʼħЦһУУЦ룬Ȼ㲻Ը֮ⳡôֱܿܿҵУǧԹң޹أȻ˾Ĵڣûκ覴ã˿һ棡
Ҷ΢΢üԪʼı˫˵ҪؿأҲ֮СΪ棬ѵûһ㣿β֣ƣ
ԪʼħһЦҼô֪ƣôżٽ֣֮ⳡƽ١˶֪ն棬ҵУȻ޹ء
ҶɫһЦȻǺƣ
Ԫʼħ΢Ц䣬Ҫ飬һˣԳȫˣֶ࣬Ϊ
νֻǰڼ̳ϵţڰˣסҲԸ׵ڣֻҲһ˴׵ڣοֻ֮Щ࣬ԶͥǸѾ磿
ҶЦǰɭȻʦ֣˵棬ȻˣҼ£
ԪʼħһָǰһʱռӿҶ֮ľ룬գۼҶ֪жңԶЦɱδĻ۷ʱ򡣡
գЦʦܣҪ㿴ܿܿͳͳǰ㿴Ҫӻࡢ飬һһɢѣӶŮһһʱȻ򣬸ԭɣٵأʱǲпһһ
Ҷŭһһӡݻǰռ䣬һźȻԪʼħѹȥһо룡
ԪʼħЦеһ񣬶ʱֻŷ飬֮еϤɣԪʼ
֤Ԫʼֱ޽⣬һ׷ǰͳͳԴû˿
ҶŭХһһȭͬٵ֮ħ
ۣ
𶯣Ȼһȭòѣ漴ڶ𣬺Ȼѹ£ʱʮĺΰѹ
Ҷ˫һУֻŤתǬɣԪʼһͬΪԪʼ״̬
ҶʮǧëͳͳպϣԳأסֿԪʼ֮ͬ
ͻȻѹȻһᣬֻڿնԪʼħվϣƮȻȥЦʦܣȷпٵ֮ܣ̶̶֤̤֮꣬۷壬ˡٻȥ죬ֻ֤֮ܿܿҪ㲻֣Ҳ֣һķڷ
ԪʼħΪʤùңҵĶֲ㣬ı壬Ԫʼ
Ҷ΢ֻ˶ӰȻתһ£ʱգһ̱֮УޱӴӰ磡
һڴ鹬С
үڵˣ
˿磬ӦԲ⣬֮ǿߵĶԦ׷ЩǿߵʬΪǿ󣬸вۼǿߣʬҲռݣСС磬ǽͷö
λ뵣ġ
Ҷ£˿ţЦЩССֶѡҪƽǣҲڷ֮ͳͳѹֻǹ˼Ԫʼħûг֡
˿ҶҵĹǣЦΣԪʼħҪԪʼնĶүԶԶ磡
ҶɫһڣʲôүԶԶ磿
Цǣǡү
⻹ࡣ
Ҷ׹䣬ǺЦԪʼħСˣ֮ԼɵǼɵԪʼѾпԪʼİգɵˡ
˵֮䣬֮Ѿ֮ɥħ֮أеĽأЩϵǿߵĶԦʬδ֣Ѿòֱ֪Ӳʬ帯ã
սһ𣬶ңҶ񶴲磬˼еĵ۾ſѪشڣſһаƵ౻Уײ
еħ߹֮۰׹ǣǷ˻ʿͳͳ
ЩʵҲ֮иûжֻ֣ͳ硢ǿߣǿ⡣
صǿߣԱסϾȥӻЩ˺顣
ͻȻ徳΢УħӰ֮Уһ½ֻ֣½תһĴ߳徳΢£Ժһֻ֣תһ·ѹҵħͷͳͳһ飡
ҶһۣЦۻ۳֣ԵֵƬֻ̣ۻҲ֧Ų˶೤ʱ䡣
ɫ̽ү߶ֻô˺öˡ
ٵһȡ
ҶƬ̣ڻʱԪʼֻ֮УֻתḴʱѸڵһʱԪʼ


1042 Ѫֻ
ԪʼҲֻҶȿͽŸ˵ֻ
ԪʼǺεǿ󣬺εȳߣ
ǿ׷ʱĵˣһλף񵽴Ĵ˵׷Ĺ״޷Ԫʼ׷ϵƾˣ¸ûа취ܹ֮׷չ
׷ϵһֱ񣬼ҶҲķмȡ㹻ϣҲõķУ
֮ʱа˳ľŴƬ磬츣ˣýÿһ۶гʵȥԿ֣
棬۵ĶΪۣۣ֮
ҶȻ˵ԪʼֻʵЩ治
һлҸԴԪʼ
Ҷ񵭵׷֮ͥͥ󣬱Ӧس׻ȻӻԪʼеٵأӭһǰδеĴԪʼתȴͥδȫҪͥٹ⣬֮׷ķչֲغ֣ԼҲУ̫ƽ
ǶԷ˵ԼԪʼɣַ·˵ԼǺͷᲢδվĽǶ׷׷ʱһ㡣
Ϊֻţ֤ɡԪţѾ׷߳ɾ͡
ܹдԪʼ׷ĸ룬ĴȻ׷Ѹٷչٳһ׷ϵԱ֤ķţͬĴҲ׷ļչƵ磬ûа취ɳΪͥʱȻ׷صĽѣ
⣬⣬׷һ;ķչ켣Զͥ£ҶڴûǿдԼ֤˿Զ֤ͥڱѾɴս
ֱڣҶһɱ٣׷ǲ״߶ֻأ
ΪԪʼפֻ֮Уֻתû
ԪʼҲƽϢԪʼ
Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫʼգԪʼĽĴڣ׷ѰĿ֪꣬ٴΣ𾴵Ŀ⿴ԪʼıӰ
ֻ֤ĴڣֻأᱻֻسȡԪʱתֻأЩ˱ˡҶĬȻ
ԽԽ࣬壬壬ħ壬壬壬ħ񣬷ƣѪɺƯۣնӳ÷죬ƺץһѿܼѪˮ
׷ӿֻ֮Уֻֻ֮ҲѪͬŨѪֻȾ죡
ֲκ˶޷ֱӣֻЩǿߵĶó֮Ѫֻأ
ֻȻߵУȴûһһЩʿף׻ʥʣ֮Ҳûܸ
㵽ڵʲô
ʮ˲ĵĲ㣬ħħ񣬷ɱԡѪսŭ죬ҶĲΪΪջŭѵҪħһͳͳɣ
ǰħһĵ۾ǿߵĶӿηЩǿնͷ֮ҲѸٻָ̬лħ۵ĶΪǿħ֤ĴڣҲҪڽڰˣóǰ
ʮ˲֮и֤֮ΪģҶƶɣǿ󣬿ʱ赲
ʮ죬̴ָ֮ãѪӡߡˡ𡢱һһɥѪȾɽ֮ɫ
˫޷𣬷ҫǿ߶䣬Ӱζţա
һ֤֮Ѫһٶ÷飬漴ϷٴۣƴȼҲҪһ
ʽΪʮ֤֮ǰЩѹʵĴ޷ƿأױᱻԷߣѹҷ֮⣬ûҶƵʮһ֤֮ӣʽΣ᧿Σ
Ҷ鹬磬΢΢üͻȻһָֻ鹬ڱѹһϷʱõͷţһƣЮҶǰ
ҶȼüŴԣҪȻҶұѹ֮ãֵѣǰ죬Ѱͷ𡢹桢·ˣҵ֤֮ǰȥʦһ֮
ȼüϷԣæʮ쿴һۣĿ࣬ȻҲӣͷСɮһҲҪһ
̴ָ֤֮飬Ҳ飬æٴ۽ֻãвңͻȻֻһ֤֤֮֮ɣֻһȴţҵȷ֮ǰ󣡡
æ̧ͷȥֻȼüϷͷǿ߼Ԧʮʮ֤֮ɱһůæһĶţֻ⻯һţǴʮ֤֮ǰЩû֤֮ıӣΣգ
ͷǰģЩѾеۻ۴۵ĻӣһʱƬû֮Σ
ԣЦۻ۴ͳʮ죬¼ʵ֮ϣӣʮȻûжΣա
ʮ磬ۻʮ۹»죬ɨħգ˴ķĹ¿ԶԸ۾Ķ
Ǽңԯ̨ӦѲջư
ͻȻ¡ʤУһ߸贫룬˵еۻ۴۵һ𹦵»ȥֻһλڻ߶Ȼ乲һ֮㽫¡ʤĴ뿪
ۻһ»½һ˿зֺλ۹ڵأԯͨݼԯۣ
λۣԯۣĿЦĴйԯһȻٴεϵλһΪҵ껹ҪǿᡣΪУؾѪѪͳָ֣ܳʤ£
ۻǵ½ͻȻ仯һ֤֮ͬӣɫȻ֣ȻὫĶȫȻһû˿۵㣡
ڣãҰ͵ˣɫȾ棡
ͻȻϳУһϵĸ𣬵նȻƬУһͷͷӴչĽڷڷɣϳ濾ͬҽ磬㣬ֻաӿػһۣ⣬ش˵صĵۻۻЦ۱£
Ϸףڣ浤졣ִ뺣ռճգ
УޱߴӿһֻɫֶȻӻ̽һѽ˾۵ĵħߣֻ֮һħΰĴ߳ۻ۵Ĺ»˾ʩЦףڼ۱£˾ۣ


1043 ɽ֮ս
ϣ
˾桢ʥɨħգۣɷңʧæݣףڶ˾ڣ
ۻۼףڴۡ
ۻ۹»Ҳͬʱʩ˾ʦ㣬ҵĻڣȥ磬ˡ
˾ۻҡͷ£ףڼҵļ£˾ţҲļҼĴΪ񣬰ܻԼǰ
ۻ۹»ͷ֪ŮӣȴΪҪǿ˸ףҵ죬ֽ졣
ֻһ߸贫ȺӿһɽǿյĲȺǣһ߱߸裺֪׷ڤѡ߿ߣʼ֦ģ껼۱£
ۻۼ껴ۡۻ۹»
죬ֻӿ糱һϵĴ߳ϵۻ۵һ𹦵»ȥ·һħȡâ裺˴δܣ²˻ڡͻݵѣմ۾â۱£
ڲƮáʱ־Ц첻ɷ򣡲ۻ
ͩĲѼᡣԷЪʫһͷײϲɽۻ۴ۣ
껥磬¡¯Һ׺ѹ֮ˣ۱£

һѹʵĴ絲סۻ۵һ𹦵»Ĵ۲࣬ÿһλǿĽɫƵʱ޵ǿߣ
ңǿδ֤ĴڣΪնĶεǿ᣿
徳΢ĽǵУۻ۵ɫأЩ۵ĶԦǸԵѹ
ȴڴʱ̫УĹ»һˣֻ㣬ͬһ꣬ȴ¶ޱȵĲɣ
ִһλʿԾƣֻڣ⻯飬죬齨ΡΡʮ죬ͬʮһ¥
¥ɫ֮ϣ¥֮⣬һִչܽǣ֮йһڿȻӣ
顭
ۻ۵һ̧ͷ֮ϵλڣֻҶһģһֻвͬ
ҶԵ޳֮Уϲŭɫ飬ϸϸƷζҶԲ̲֮ط־ǷᱻĨȥǡ
ȴһָ߹֮磬Į
ۻͣ½ŲĶ
飬ȴ𡣡
΢΢һЦҶмƣǰƹ鹬ǰ졢ƴ죬Ϊص𡣡
ǰɵĶۻȻ˿
ҶԴԪʼ֮عǽɴڵתֻ˲֪еԭίǵۻҲ֪顣
飬ҶҲ飬ּΪƣȻ޷ֱ档
һǿߣɵȫԶԣ
֮⣬һ߸֮ϣԪʼħ뼸Ŷݸ߹֮
Ըԭֻأҵ֮Ѫԭֻأ֮ѪȻ㹻֮ѪϵȵĲϣ̲شԽƣ˻֮Ѫֻء
ԪʼħĿĴս߶ʩЦۻۼΪѲʮ𹦵´ۻʮ֤֮Ĺ֤ҵΣǽֻƾ顢ԯˣԸħʡλ֤ǿҲӹ֣Իλǰȥնɱ
ֿˣħʴ𵹻ˣɱ֮̽ȡΨһѽľ磬֣ûֻºȡʤ
һλЦʵ֣ҵڣ
ԪʼħȡһЦСģ꣬õ㸴˵Ҫһʡ
λ۹ЦƮȻȥ𸴻ңҪ֮ˣ֮Ըѣһķֻۣ㲻Ը֣ȥնһɱ
ѣԪʼħߵһ¶ѯ֮ɫ
գան֮ģӣնȡ
ȱģ뿪̾ϢԾɱøɸɾһǬǣ
ɱڣȻ֮棬һ𣬲֮Ķ
ħ뱾һȥ˷ʮ죬һȥʮ˲ԪʼħĿЦұۣһֻزԸԭѪлִýִնȥĸԸɣٵء
߻һλò˫ŮӣԿЦ˵ִĪӶŮ۵˼ĪҪȥɽ磬һԶŮͳͳɱˣ
ģ鲻Ʋ磬ҶҶĸι⣬ĻȪħڣҲڵɽУȪħУҶһŮ˹һȻңŭɶԶ㶯֡
ԪʼħȡһЦ¼ȥһԶŮ
һ£ҳ֣۲Ȱɣ
ԪʼħǺһЦǳ֣ǻ֮ԼʱȻҲ֡
ʱӹ¼ȻȥԷɽ磬Ц۷ģұȻҶһѪϴһ飬ɱƬײ
鹬УҶüȻˣҲ½ȥɣǰɽ硣һȥֻǶˣ׶༪٣ǰ
ǰҶָһ㣬һӡ޷ֵ㽫ſȻᵲסһſƣȻ
ǵͷһƮȻ½磬ɽ磬˻ȪħڣֻȪħѾûһˣʬһæǰħеҶңֻʬױأȴǱɱ⣬ʬ¶һѪ
үϲȷµĶ֣
̧ͷɽ磬ֻ˿ӿ˷ȥɨšš¹Ԫʼʥڡο丸һ塢ǹػҡԯңҶйصɣͳͳ˿ٵĹ޸ٻҲڹ֮У
ǹ֮Уͬػƴֿ˿ٵ֣ǶǾ裬ֻǵֿѣʱܻᱻ˿Ĩɱ
ԭǹĿߣ𣡡
ῴȥһȴҲˣȴ׻Ӧڵһɾ׻ʵǵۣǵϽ֮󣬱ΪӣһֱӰû뵽ⳡĩմ֮Уܼ
ԯңҲһһһһŮ˶ˡ
е֣Ŀɨ¹ֻ¹Ѿ𣬱ֱӽŮͬһɱɺ޵ҧгݣ
ΣûүԵġ
ͻȻһƹһޱӴ磬ӳǵƹڵɽֱײǿڵĶ׷ӴܣǺЦֱܣ


1044 
ХȻţ
Ƕһۣⳡĩ֮ǺεȼҲң֤ҲЩѱ۾˲֪٣һ类÷飬û뵽ȮȻ˲ҵĴսлڣһú
׷ɱǼԲӹ֣ǵ۾նĶʵǿ󣬿ؼǣǶǿնûǿۻۡǵȷ뽫ĥ𣬼ǧٴҲؾۡ
Ȯƹȴ߶ʮһЩη֮绢Ĵڣſڱԣ߲ܣ˶ʲôͳͳ£
Х죬
Ȯ׷һһѪܴסգ޿ӣֱӱһڳԵתͷɵüЦһ·СֱλãүҵɽӻĹѣҳԵÿ
ǺͷǰֻһޱӴӰգƹԽ׳ֱֱ׷ԶŴʱЩһεԶޣ
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ƹϵУһӰɳվԵһСһ˸λشңô죬½գ
ῴȥ־ϲֻЩȴ׻ʶˣŵθߵŵİп丸ļ׻ʼĿ丸ҲС
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ЦסȭͷҶĻһӡҪȥǰҡͷʾҪ̧ͷԭҲһԱ֤Ӧںƽػ磬ƽͶԪʼħ˲ѵûһ˿֮ģ
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ᵱſ߬ȭͷֻȴдˡ߳塱֣ԾգﾪֻǱڰգãеۣң
УҶΣ鹬Уķȥ֮ѪôܹԭҲδعʦ֣˵ǲǣ
ϣԪʼħ̬ľȻһҪ֮Ѫԭֻء
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ո˵⻰ֻ塱̶ֱһڣ㽫ͳͳ飬ɢʬ޴棡
ӴľѪӿõɽͬѪֱֻߣһѪֻ֮С
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1045 ־̳
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1046 
̫徳Уֻ̫̫۱԰ټƵĵ۾ΧԼնĶ˿Ѿˣ᧿ΣµԼ̫徳Ѿսʣһ˶ѡ
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Ἰ꣬˵ܽⳡս֤ˣϧˡ
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ݣƬ̲Ҵĵ۾ŵǰᴥϵ۾ֻ̫ζһ£ȻأȴѾľһΪѪݽ߶
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ħ΢΢һЦ䣬˭˲ˣԪʼˣҲˡۻۣ߾ҲһȻĵ֣ΪܣΪӣѵûз֮ģ
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нҵ𣬷ħ𣬵ȥħգ³ĵķ磬飬аѹа
ʮ֤֮ʮ𹦵´ۣۻۡһͬɱƵĶϢ˫
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֤֮ħ֮ʱʱĳں֮Уչ¶ΪǿսΪĹ
һźһɱһ֤֮ײľ죬Ⱥأ


1047 ֮Ѫֻ
̶Ƭ̣޷ǿȵĴսм֧ȥʵֻǰ޳
ⳡսУһ˻Ҳ㲻ϡǵۻ۷չ̶ƬҲ֧Ųȥ
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ħ۴ǰɴתһٶ˥ߡ˥֮Уӣ
˫𣬺ǺЦԹ֤δǵףĤ㣬ʱ޿̶۷״̬ġѾһɶķһ֣һֻ֡·һ
ΪǿĴ۶ڶ֣ʩչΪǿֶΣΧۻһˣ
ǰǵȻδ֤Ҳδ֤ȴ֤֤뵽Ա֤֮УԼ֤֮֮ǿԽԪʼƵʮ
Ҳǵٷʮһ֮棬ȻҪѷɫһҲǼΪǿᣬƴֳʮ֤֮ħʣ
쳣ǿĴڣһʱƬ̼Ҳ޷µۻۣۻ۲ǵͳʮۣԺʮ˵½ʱһۣʱɳһ֤֮ħ뱾𣬲˵Ķ
ʽ󿪴ϣһӡ£Ϊ֮ӡǰĹӡΪͬ仯ˡ
֮ǿĴڶսֻʮ֮ϵʮŵ׷飬ޣ
ⳡսɱ޵棡
뱾޷ȡʤһ֮
ս۶ڴսãħ뱾ʼ޷µۻۣͻȻ뽫֤֮һۻۺȥ
ʱӢۣѹִǰҪնǲ֤նǣй䣬ӡ֤
ۻ۷ЦӲ๥ҡҡλΣʼղԺĹ½Ѿ;ƿݣʵٵֵǿһ
̧ͷ쿴ȥֻãѾ飬޷Ρ
ʦ֣Ҿˡ
ö΢Цʮ˵½ʮ֤֮žѺ۳֣һļ¶
ҿߣ
ħ뱾ɫ䣬æдʮۣХԶݶȥ
ˣڣ㲻Զ
¡
ۻըʮ˵½빦֤֮뱬ը徳΢ͻȻһޱӴĽ򣬽ɫƣˮͬصĴˮ㱼£徳̫徳ڲϢһֱʮ磬ɽ硣
ħ۵˺ХȥӳⳡըͷȥȴۻĹѪϣȻ鲼˶磬ûбֻգ
ʵǿᣬֻҲ鲻֮Ѫ
ħ̾һ⣬ղһսߵÿ죬ᱻۻһͳͳɻңǿߣܲ𾴡
ԸԼ֮Ѫֻأվ쿹Բ³
ȱ֮ɫͻȻֱۣһֻѪͳ֮Ѫ
ħҲ󣬱Ѫӿϵ֮Ѫ
֮Ѫ
һ۶׷׻֮Ѫ֮Ѫһ𣬱һɺХڣעֻ֮С
ֻأ
ߺȣ죬Ѫӿֻ֮Уֻֻʵĵӿ֣ǽһͳԪʼ֤֮ǻʵʣ
ֻصǿۻ֮ѪҲ𣬷׷ӿֻ֮С
˵֮Ѫе֮ѪֻأԳ׸ԭ
ħ۹Цȵλһ߶ֻأǳ״и
۵Ķ񼤵֣ѪսΪıһ̣
ħۡλ۶ȣ߶ֻأֻҪֻתǱԳ׸
ͻȻһָֻͷ̽һ㣬ֻ룬δ߶ֻҲδһ£
ȻѾָôҲͿԷɻˡУҶĮ


1048 һĨɱ
ħۡԣ̧ͷ죬ֻ֮ʮã磬ǿΡ
һָסֻأΰ˾Ⱦ̾
ֻأһɣƿأƿأתΪתһױҶһָס˵ʵȷǿ󵽷˼ľأԸת
ǶԻҷˣôĿ
ħЦһħʡӽĵۻۣ֣֮һЩۣǣ
ͳͳ䣬ɱòãɾ˿̽ʣһ˶ѣ㻹óʲôǶ
ĿǺЦǵǿĴڣԪʼִԶԸһʶʶλǿĴڵжǿ
Ҳʶʶ
һħ۷׷״Цħ̧ȥ׷׸ϣɱ鹬
ֻ֮⣬ϣԪʼħң죬¶һ˿Ц⣺飬ڴһôΪ֣ݺأһѾһУҲӣôҲò㣡
ϣһֻ̽£徳΢ϿһָһָĻֻҵһ¹ճʮŵͬǣ硣
ħ۵δüߵָֿޱȵĿ죬вһ
ָʮŵˣжǿ
ȫʢ״̬£һս
ɫأͣ½ŲֻҲ֧Ų˶ٻغϡ
ħҲɫأҸ֮Ҳһսʤ֮䡣ҵսʵ𣬲ֱӶݣ뿪˵أԪʼһսֻҪԪʼֲסϾסֻأҵȱԴиʱֱƵ鲻òɣٵأ
뿪ͻȻֻ¡һ죬ѭȥĿֻ࣬綸Ȼѿ·һεƽƽ磬죬ͳͳ룡
־ʵ׳ޱȣ޷ݣ
磬Ǻεȹ󣬰ССʱգ޾Ȼƽƽѿ
Ԫʼħɫأħ۵徳޷ȫľ󣬶֮⣬ȴ÷ַ
粢ǱʲôֻŻȻŻ򿪣γп
绹Ǵ죬λֻΰı棬ŻȻᱻѿ
¡
ֻعʻֻ֮ڣ漴ŻֺȻպϣֻɣ
֮Ѫǿ֮Ѫ޸ɵֻأʧ
Ԫʼħһղֻſֻһ˲漴պϣҲоʲôһƬԪʼռ䣬δ٣ͬһžѣ
ֻر뵽ƬԪʼĿռ֮Уȶ
ֻ֮оȻ̲־ҲԤϵ
Ԫʼ棬ҲشֻظԭҲ޷תȻƣȻ
Ԫʼħɫ΢䣬æ̽ħ۵ץȥȵλϿ뿪磬Ҫ֣
ֻƸո̽ħ۵˸ոշͻȻֻֻźȻһ𶯣޷ľѹʮ죬ףڡԯâȵȴ۵׷飬ֱӱɻɣ
ǵĶոӿҲɣֱӻҷֻʣħ뱾λڶѣ
ֻٴһ۵֤Ȼܹ֧סȺɲ𣬵֮еħȴ⵽شֻħ۲֮Уδȫĥ
ȴһ𣬱÷飬ֱӱĨɱɾ
ԪʼħĴ̽ץȥҲ۵ҶУ
ȴڴʱҲһֻ̽ӭԪʼħƣָֻһײ
ֻͬʱһֻĺ֮дһƺߣֻħ۵ɬǵϣǿĴڣˡ
أ
֮һɹɶӿɻңħҲδܿסֻŵ𶯣֮УҲֱĨɱ
ֻٴοֻǶƮУֻ֮ڣ
Ƭ̹򣬹ǿļλڵĶ㱻ҶͳͳĨɱɾһ
Ԫʼħջشֻ֣վϣĿ
УҶҲվֻ֧ǵأ˲Ϣ֮ʮ硢ɽʮ˲
ÿһӰζħ׷׳֣칬Ρ룬ħɭϣ˼۹ׯأһۣһ˻ʴۣһħۣ׷ԵĹƵ콫ħԶžޣͬӹ޼ʵеɭȻػ磡
һͷͷޱӴޣ磬ΧΡ
ѱɱɾռţ̣һ˲䣬ȴͻȻ÷ƽأͬԶͥΪԻ͵ʱڣ
־󣬷·ղһ춯ؿɸսʬҰѪϴֻصΣֻһӰǰľ󣬲ʵĴڣ
쾭ݻ
Ԫʼħ磬в¶֮ɫ̾㲻ǵǿĴڣ֤õ֤Ԫʼұ帴ҲҪʰ·磡
ܹóĴۣԶžޣҶĻҶĴ۶ɵӰʵڡ
ϧҲôʱ䣬޳Ԫʼ
Ԫʼħ΢΢һЦ𶯣ǿױǿױɢļ¶ѹ죬绯ԪʼҶֻŴ飡
ʦ֣ʼնԪʼӣʼնδѳȥҪڲ
ҶһһֻţΪϵĴնĶ棬΢ЦȴѾѳȥȻ⣬Ĳ֣ǰڲҪڲǡ
һ壬һſ΢ЦǣΪԼѡԼǰĵ·ʵȴаڲֻ޷ѡӣħۡҲӣԪʼҲΪҵӡ
ԪʼħǺЦҲ븴ԭֻأ֪ڶʱڣ޷׽ֻػָ˲Žһ٣ǿߵ۾֮ѪѪֻأԼͼıȻƣ飬ĪҲԼѡӡŮҲӣ
Ҷɫ΢䣬۽Ƕһ¡ԪʼħģݺݵشĵطκιҪ
ûնĶľ޷ûκУûκԪʼħ⼸仰ӿ
ΪδնԵʶԪʼ
ԪʼħЦȻɳֻײȥ飬Ҳδ֣ԼҲӣ磬ؿذգ


1049 ݸͷ֮
ֻžٶķչء硢ʮ磬嫳̶ֱ׷ԶŴʱͥ硣
ܣѳԽκһ۵Ҳѹ
ˣǰֻѷɫࡣ
ǴﵽԪʼ֮ıϵ£һԪʼͷҲδ֤Ԫʼľ磬ȴѾɾԪʼ
ֻžǿû֤ԪʼʼҪһ
ԪʼħĿĺܼ򵥣Ǿ֮׻ҶһУòɣٵأ
ʦ֣㻹ǲף
Ҷͷѹ£Ȼ߶Ԫͦ磬ֻ֦ҶɢʥԣĴһִĸգ̸ͬһɭֲ
Ĵ߶һ˲佫ֻŵܱȻӭǿ֤֮
㲻ףΪҲԸն
Ҷֻ붯ӭӭԪʼħһȭһƬ棬ѹԪʼħҲףΪҪһ
ֻžǿƥҶԪ໯߶һ˲⵽ѹƣɹӿˢţֻһɲǣֱ߽ơ
ɹˢ䣬һͷͷԶޱѹ촷ۣħޣͳۡħۡ˻ʴۣ÷飬ֱӻޣ
һӰȻӴзɳԽɹ⣬ɵײ׵ǺεǿǿأȴִײˮС
¡
رһײһر߽⣬ĩս٣籩𣬷·һֻֻ˶ĺۣһɣֻд߸ϣûܵǿĳ
ԪʼħһоһϰмΪ졣
ڲͬױɣױȴɵɵɵȴ׵ɲ棬ıԪʼǿۺһγɾأ
߶ִͻһУκסκɣУɥִĹ֮£
˵ԼУᱻ飡
ףҴһͳؾʱѾ㵱ҵĶ֣
Ҷ񲻸κ˼Ļᣬһ߳Ԫʼħ޷鿴еΣһȭʹԪʼħӲƴ
ˣ
λڵһν棬ҶһȭԪʼħֱ۶ѣԪʼħͨԪʼһ׷Ϊ֮ǰֱòһ
ͬλΰԿٵصħ˺һл磬ӻпٳʱգ
ֻŲȴҪԪʼħǿᣬһս޿ƥУ
Ԫʼħ侲ֱָֻۣҶȻǿͬƥеħ񣬵δ֤Ȼ֤õǱ޷ڶ̶ʱĥ
㲻ף̸۵һ̣ұѾ֪еĵƣ
ҶҪ侲һƸ£ֻӿ֤ͬںеĴڣҪԪʼħһͬںɣ
һұ㽫ı壬ԪʼҲڣ
ҶЦңҲǣϧ߲֣һսǺʤ㣡
𣬾ǿΣ
ԪʼħЦ߶Ӳֻţʱ飬ѹкɴȣЦһԾӣ㽫ҳĥΣ
ֻеȻ飬ȴ˿ȴǰǿ˼Ҷ֤ɣشɺɿռ䣬кɴת
䣡
Ԫʼħһ֪ԤУֻűƣԳѹҶ񣬱ɣٵأһǰδеĴ
Ҷ֤ЩԤϣҲǺ֤ҶƣһöӣǳΪĲ֣
߶һɲǣҶһ£ֻ¡һ죬һƾԽ飬ħӿٴλԪʼħֻվ
Ҷ΢ֻ֮ϣңңһȭ׷򵥵һȭһӡ
׵ϣѾǰ޹ˣߣԪʼһȥһ׷
飬㽫ĥ𣬻޷ش֣ѳɣ߶޶ḴĴڱḴ
ԪʼħЦͷͻȻӿһħǣһ֮
ħһݸ߹ŵĴڣȻԪʼħʮ֮࣬ҶŰΧȻԪʼնһ
Ҷüͷ΢壬ԪʼĶ֮ЩԤϣȻնʮ𣬶Ӧʮ磬ͬʮۡ
һԪʼħ±ԪʼնĴ
ʮۣȻԪʼħҲͬһҶ롣
飬Ϊ㿴еĵƣȴ֪㿴ģֻ㿴ģĵƣֻ㳹֮Żס
ԪʼħЦǣסһʱ䣬ȥֻţ
Ҷһۣȷ֮УԪʼĶȻ֮࣬ʵЩֲ
Ԫʼ֤ʱҪնִʵ̫ˣȴҲѹָ֣ͥȴһףҪ֪飬׵磬ԸȻаٰìܣٰᡣ
ҶĿĵնЩִ֮󣬱ҲûЩìܣһҪָͥʢˡ
һЦ㲻ʶʱ񣬲ʶʱҪУ֣ǸҲḴ
Ҷ
һЦ֪ڴ֮ͥǰӻԪʼзѿ֤ٵأ֤֮
һЦʮ겻ͥӻͥʮ겻ࡣҲҲࡣʱ¿ʱұѰ˿죬ˣȻ
죬ҵݸĸͷ
һЦԪʼлججĿ֮
ʮԪʼĶЦΧҶ񣬸׷裬Ц飬ŵõ֤꣬ꣿ
õ֤꣬꣬ΪԼŤתǬⲻ֪Уֻʱһ˲һƼѣ
ҶȻʧЦͷһ𣬻һۣʮһ֮࣬£ӭսԪʼʮ˶ڣʵЩ˿
һЦ֤Ⱥ󣬴Ϊʦ
һЦǰݸ˸ͷ˵ý˵ݸ㸫ͷ㿪죡
ҶʮһۻӦսӭԪʼħЦʦ֣㻹кֶΣ


1050 Ԫʼ
Ԫλ
Ҷһֻгüģ˵໯ȥԪʱʤǰ졣
ɳֻţȴֻŵܴѹ£Եֿ
ԪʼħɫأҶʮһۻ˿ջԪֱһƶֻţٵؿ죬أָ֮䣡
ǿ󣬳ԪʼֻȱﻹѹԪʼħʵȴ޷쵽
̶Ƭֻ̣űٴγײǧٴΣ磬죬ʮѾ׻ֻ⵽ǰδеشеһУϤɣ
ˣŵȴӴ嫣ûҶԪ֧ţҲһ
Ӣţشֻû˿ᣡϧʱ˼ꡭ
ԪʼħȻҶֻ֤ţ㽫ֻŴɺ״̬֤֮ǿÿ£
ţŴɻԪʼ״̬ҵĴƣѹ飡
һᣬȻ֮Уޱߵܿʼţֻɹзɳ糵һХתֻһɲǱ㽫ԪʼкɴԽԽ٣ܴ
ͬʱԪʼħҲ⵽Ҷѹ
Ҷָ濪һָ䣬ָͷ죬Ʈչ죬Ȼͯ졢졢졢˾졢죬ɨһħգѹһħԣ
ָ죬ܱۻѹԪʼħʱǿᣬԪʼħһ˰֮࣡

ȻһһɹɨһΪԪʼҶɹɨδͬĵ֤ǿƥԪʼ״̬ҲԳΪڻԪʼĴħ
ָ죬ȴ޷һܣɨ飡
ԪʼħЦ飬ʵȫʢ֮ʱȷѹһѾ׻ֻţ
ৣ
ҶüһԪɳֳһˢԪʼħٴˢ漴ָſ׼Ԫʼħɻң
ȴڴʱХ̶Ƭֻ̣еһѾԭʼ׵Ԫ㣬޷죬ֻŵĺϽγɵĿܣҲԪʼ״̬
Żվ޷׻ȥŻ˶ֻڳ֣
ֻ֮УԭлԪʼ֮Ĥֻ̥Ĥ̥֮УʱֻҲԪʼ֮Ԫʼ֮ݣĤ̥
֣Ԫʼ֤֮ѹԿң
Ԫʼħ߶ֻ߸Ҷѹ£
ҶԪ壬һȭֻһ죬޾գҶȴõɶȥԪʼĤ̥֮У
Ԫʼħ߶һ𣬽Ҷʮһۻ촷ۣԭԪʼֻʮڱ֮ϣ漴߶ɱԪʼĤ̥
飬ʱǳشΪұתΪͥˣδȫ׵ͥķϽ硣ԲŻԪʼ֮ͳϣǶͥ׵֮
ԪʼħԦԪʼĤ̥ˮж磬һɹԪʼ֮пʱգ˿
ҶֻӦսʮӰһһĤ̥֮ɱսͬԪʼĤ̥֮еΪϵһ׷ӲӲǿǿ
׵꣬ʮ˵ǼΪݣֻ൱绹γʱڣĸ̥֮УпܵĻᡣ
Ԫʼħʮ߶ſ˫ۣͻȻֻ޾ãУһ޴Ĥ̥شȺ磬γɵԪʼĤ̥
棬ǽ
飬Ҫ֮δܳش飬ԪʼǳδɵشɣȻؿأ
޴Ĥ̥ײݣԪʼĤ̥˲֪жԶͥʱһػԪʼĤ̥Ϊ棬һرءǧ硢ʮ档
Զͥ糹׻øɸɾ϶ΪһһжԪʼΪ絮֮ǰĻ磡
Ĥ̥֮УҶأһ֮УͬӺ죬һţʵǰδеĸ߶ȣһȭȭ
𶯲ݣȭͷԪʼĤ̥֮мֱңҶֿѡ
飬ֿ
ԪʼħЦΪ׵룬ҲΪ׵룬ؿ֮ɻӭһǰδеĴתԪʼۡӷʴۡ鱦ͳͳǺεȻԻ͵ʢ
¶֮ɫȻ磬ոµ磬ֻڣ׵ɵǳ֮˭Ϊͳкη
ؿأҪˣֻ㣡
һԪʼĶǺЦ飬һҸǧңֶΪ
Ԫʼħгһ̫ʿ츫Ц飬ڲ죬ʱ
ؿأ֮Ѫɺӡ
ҶԪ𣬻ԪʼĤ̥гռ䣬һ䣬巽죬ͼеԪʼͳͳĨɱɾӦʦ֣㻹û
дһεʵֵ̫ΪһʱƬ̼㽫ȡʦܣƬ̣оо
Ԫʼħһ̸оЩת飬ܽСȻǱڼһ֣Ц飬ղŷеǸϰСʦ֣ĵƣֻϧΪʵ̫һҷ𣡡
Ҷţָ巽䣬Ԫʼħһֻһɹӿ巽ĥ
ԪʼħЦλѣֻϽɱùһ񣡡
һ𣬾ԷУҶоһԪȻҲУһ飬
Ԫʼħŭ𶯱ҶƺһԪֱӱӱ֮ڼ⵽ش
ѹݺײҶϣü߽⣡
ʦܣ֣һҪоƬ̡Ӧڵ
Ҷŭоұᱻоˣ
飬ѳɣеأϤԪʼ˿ٵأ鵮Ϣ
ԪʼħоԽԽԲݣֻ֮ϣɭȻɣٵأȻҲôֻҵı帴Խѹ
ȫ߶ֻأֻĴڻԪʼ𣬹ϵֻڿʼת
Ԫʼӳ˯ʱˣ


1051 սԪʼ
ҶȻֻֻתֻһϵ꿪ʼգǹɺ嫵Ĳ̿ʼϯԪʼĤ̥ԪʼĤ̥
Ԫʼħ΢΢һɫٱ䣬ɲԪʼĤ̥еȻΪ
ԪʼĤ̥еĻô㼸Ԫʼ磬ѷ֤ħ֮
ԤЧЩ̫һԤУƶֻ֮Ԫʼָ۷ʱڣܹ⡣
ȻЩʧأԪʼԤϵҪøһɲǣ֤Ԫʼ
λϵĴıͨ죬Լն棬Ҳ޷²⵽ĺ־Ȼ˿ֲ־ȻԶ
Ÿ֤֮Ԫʼһѹ񣬳ŤתǬָԶͥʢκλᣡ
Ԫʼħֻ֮ԪʼȴҪ׵߸׵ĴУͥ٣ָʢ
ҶɫľȻֻĤֻ̥飬һΪ춯صħ֮ħ֮ѾʼΣ
֮٣׻ı壬׵Ϊͳ֪Լߴ·ԭ޿ɺǡô㱾Ķ֣
Ҷ̤ǰһɭȻն⣬һ뷨Ȼأı󶯣ݳκһκһ뷨˵һ㣬һֽҪӣ涨ܹʲô㲻ܹʲôһΪĲ֣ʼգδܹӳƿغԤϣ
Уһӳֻվڱ֮ϣӦڵԭѾϲнľҶһö˲ιΪپǧָ꣬ഺֻûָܽʱڡ
ӦڵҶĻҲ˸սԪʼĤ̥֮УһޱӴħ֮ڽĤ̥ΣǴ˸ս
δεֱļԪʼ״̬΢΢һ޼ʣȡĤ̥е֮
ǿҶ֤֤ҲҪѷɫ࣬磡
Ӧڵħ֮ʦܣԪʼôܴԼĶĶҲӲƣˣʵֲ̫ˣ
ʦ֣Ԫʼʲôˣ
Ҷɫޱأδ㵮ʮ֮ãҪһ翪٣ıֻ˵ǷˣԤϡ
˿¶һ˿֮ɫȻ˾ٹⲻڲ䣬ܹԶԼĶӣֶΣֵ塣
ʦܣҲ
Ӧڵ´Ҷ̾ϢѿԪʼı˰ɣĳǸ֮Ҳ޷͸޷Ħ뷨
ҶЦҲֻڿʱͻȻ֪Ԫʼڵȴʲô֪ҪʲôҲ޿κΣִֻܲٲ֣ӦսԪʼһѷɫࡣ
ԪʼҲУ
Ԫʼħվֻ֮ϣңľĿɭȻԭһ壬Ҿң
ȴ㣬׾٣
ҶһϣӦڵ߶򼴽͵ԪʼѹȥԪʼħֻ֮ҵ飡ڻصĻᣬѾ֮УڣֻתֻأǸлѹ
¡
õҶӦڵӳ֣ԽԽ󣬼ʮ׷ɹӿԪʼδ׶͵
ԪʼħԣͫһĨʣұһΣ
ȫ߶ֻأֻֻظոտʼתͻȻһַֻݺϣĵþҶ
ʷǿ֤֮Ԫʼֻ֮飬ҶӦڵҲѹ¡
ڴͬʱԪʼһָֻ̽ͷסԪʼħ
Ԫʼһ֣ҪɱҲɣ
ԪʼħŭȣɱңɱԼ
Ĥ̥֮УǸδ͵˫֮վһɣ𣺡㲻ڵʬ棬Ҫն֤
ֻࣵһ죬ָͷ㽫Ԫʼħ󱬣
Ԫʼδε׽ԪʼħĶȻ޴棬ֱӻɻң
ҶӦڵɵһǶ֪ԪʼħǺεȿֲҶҲܹѹһѣȻʤԪʼħҪǧѣ
Ԫʼδ͵ָͷһ󣬱ֱӽԪʼħ飬ɻңǺεǿ
ȻԪʼħҶսһҶɻңʵ˴룬ʵɷͬСɡ
׸ԭ»Ԫʼֻ֮ķǿɨһеĳ̶ȣ֤ĴһҲĶ֣
Ҷ׹һϳ𣬺ֻײȥȵʦ֣㵲סƬ̣߶ʹ۸
סԪʼ
ӦڵͷֻԪʼӴٴζһ£ԪʼĤ̥жʱͬһޱȾҵķ籩ϯһУһֻ̧ƺݺҶȡһֻӲͷƤԦֻƣ૵ʦܣ㲻ֵʱооô
䣡
䣡
ҵı촫һҶײֻأֻǿд߶һȴԪʼһϣʷǿ֤֮ݺݳɣ
֮ϣӦڵصһը޷дǹǿķ֮ҪԪ꣬ݻһУ
ԪУУ
Ԫ궸Ȼڣӹһ٣ڵ׵ɵˣҲԪˣ
ֻٴκݺҶһǰһȭԪʼӲӲ
ΰϮҶ񱬺ȣüһԪ֣ԪʼĤ̥֮УĤ̥֮ڣ
Ԫʼδ׸ɲ޵У
˵ȭʱֻԵı첻Ԫĸ뼸˴룬ҶҲڽԪʼһƿ£ûԪʼħ
ԪʼķɣݺײϣѪڲݣ飡
ֻغ¡תһһСɻɬļ¶Ĥ̥֮ӿһΰħ󲽴ֻ߳ſڣ̳㼳ȡĤ̥еֻһ¡¡ڵȵһôô˵ٵ֮˳ˣǺǡڿ֤Ԫʼˣ
ΰħ񣬺ȻڱֻظȻҲڽͻƣ֤Ԫʼ
ģ
ҶӦڵ뱬һֿڣʦֵܶ˶һۣĵԪʼλڶʲô񣬶һ̣
ͬʱһֻзɳ趯ҲڼȡԪʼ֮ҶӦڵɫһڡ


1052 ߳ؿ
Ԫʼۣǰδ֤ԪʼǱڵľϣֻԪʼԽĲΣΪԪʼ֤֮
λȻı㣬ȴһ̣ؿ֮ǰԪʼĤ̥һ֤Ԫʼ
κ֤ԪʼҶ˵ǺϢԪʼһȻٵأָͥʢԼԶá
һҲҶ죬ɣȻܣõͳ磡
׵޷ʮԪļޣֻתÿʮתһΣ
ֻǣԪʼԪʼ֮ٶȣ۵ĺٶȱԺԲƣȻԪʼ֮仹źܴһβ࣬Ե˻һͻơ
ʦܣһӻˮһԤϵ棬ȻҲԳû֤ԪʼɣӦڵЩУҶڴ
ҶҡͷӦڵЩ̫ߣľ磬֤Щѡ
֤ԪʼεȼѣԪʼһ֮Ҳδܹ쵽ۼתһҲֻгԪʼϣˡ
ҶȻޱ֤õϣЩһ棬ڱѹ̫࣡
Ԫʼֻһ磬Ȼֻһ磬ȴ֮𣬼Ҷɾ͵֮󣬱֤Ԫʼǿ߻в磬Ҳмַ֮
¡
ȫ߶Ԫ֦ҶִĸͨĤ̥ȡԪʼ֦֮ҶҲڷԪʼ֮ʹҶľ棡
Ǿ춯صĶֻۣ̾ζһۣͬʱҶ
ٵ֮ˡ㶨Ȼѱ֮Ը죬һ㿪죬ȫ׵Ĵʱ
ĿҶϣ¶һĨЦ⣬漴ħ֮תĿϣǺЦѵã֮оȻҲܹľ磬ҪѵãվͳҲǱѹһ̧ͷҲҪ֮¡Ҳ׵ͳ
ͳ
۹ЦеȾԶ֮ͥγɵħħԣҲͳ
ȻҲͳ֮ģնȥһΪͳȴҲ޷֤ħħڣɱħޱأΪͳ֮
Ƕ֮սܣ˭Ҳ˭δԪʼսҪ໥һȷ˭׵ͳ
Ҷüͷıеδһڴδ֮ʱδѣ㸴ۣΪѹԪʼ
ȻҪдսһȰڣ󶯸λ
Ҳѹ֣Ƕ˶Ǿ춯صĲ飬񿪴֤ǹΨһԪʼⲻ·֮ˡ
ɣ֤ͬõΨһǷȱǣȱԪʼȶֵĥ£ڱĳɾѷɫ١
Ӧڵʦܣ˵ͳȴҲûʲôȷǼͥħħԶħ񡣡
ҶͷۣԪʼ֮ټȡĤ̥еķ֤Ԫʼѹ׾٣ʱҶʧߣ
һĿԪʼ۳֮е֮ϣһ
Ԫʼһ̵ı֤Ĵͨ˲ѹԪʼһԪʼĤ̥еԪʼֱ֤֮ԪʼƵȻ޴棡
ԪʼͥҲˡ
ɫأҲԪʼи𾪡Ԫʼǵĺָ࣬ı׸ɾ͸󣬶Ȼһٽͳͳѹƣָͥٹ⣡
һĶ֣ȴһĶ֡
ԪʼĿʣ֪Ϊ£δ׶ɣǺЦʱգɵ׵ľսǽ׵߳ɾߣڴˣ׵ϾڣͥٹҲͿ
Բѣ
һһ絽Ԫʼǰһ£ʱԪʼĤ̥䶯һͬ󸫣ҪĤ̥ٳǧ磬ģ
Ԫʼһȭһ֮ʱһȭƣոտٳǧ̸ԪʼӲһǣ𣬵һ¶֮ɫ
Ԫʼ֮ǿȻѾ׳󵽳Խĳ̶ȣ
λڣͬһһħգۼĤ̥нǧٴ֮࣬ڽڰˣУŭ𲻾еħԣйأԪʼԽԽǿ󣬼ȡԪʼ֮ԽԽ࣬Կ⣡
Ҷ΢΢üԪʼı㣬Ƕ֣ۣ㻹֣
۲δ̶֣ҶЦ֤ˣǿٵ֮ˣԣҪʤһ֪ս֮죿
ҶһǺЦۣٵأȻ쾭壬˭˿죬ȴ˵úܡ
ҲϲԼԼˣԸ˵ӣ
۴ЦȻǰսԪʼһˣЦɵʱѾȥαǿ󣬻ָͥٹ⣿ѾԭҶֻ֮ˣβʹ˰֣Ҳ룬ࣿˣҷΪͳ𣡡
ԪʼһɨۣЦйǧˣЭȴҲûʲôȤ˵һսͳգ
ۼսҲ޷סԪʼĹƣֻսֳƽѹԪʼ
ۣվУΪֱԿңȴ֪ı㣬Ԫʼ֤֮ϵȻѹһ
ԪʼȴҲ޷һʱƬ̼¶ˣǵٶȣһУǺЦ
΢΢ζȻХԪʼȥ
жʱһԪʼ֤֮ܣԿԿԪʼݽѹƻܣ
䣡
ոԪʼУֻܱһ𣬱㽫Ԫʼһֻơֱۣͳͳ飡
Ҷվڱ֮ϣ߶һ·ԪʼȥЦѾˣʦһöͬޣıȻԶɵһףȴ޷ɺһƣֻܳȫʦ֣㴦ϵȻȴѹһ֪
Ӧڵе徳΢УԴǲˬʦܣʲôʦһö
ԪʼһֻԼƵıȫȻƣɴüͷȻſڴ𣬺Ȼ߳㽫еӦڵñ
ͬʱҶͬʱſڴĵ߳工һɲǼ䱬ȻĤ̥ñ
ֻ첻ԪʼĤ̥ѿʱԪʼ֮ɴɷѣƶΪΪ³Ĥ̥ٳأʱգ
Ƕոշֿݻأû֧ţײ໥պϣʱײʱشܱҶۣԪʼͬʱѹѪֹ


1053 ֤
ش뿪֮ȣѷɫҶԪʼȻǿᣬرպϱЩվڹս֮ϵǿܴء
ҶȻΣǿпٵأ򿪻ԪʼʱգȻÿ֮䣡
ղرպϣشˣֻ˵еκһ˶޷֮Ҳˣ󣬿֮˱Ȼֻһ³ضͣ
ԪʼҲ뵽ؼ֮аݣͬʱҶɨһۣ漴Ŀϡ
Ҷдŭȴɫ߶ֻ𶯣ܱѹԪʼЦۣҵΪ̣ȴ޷״߶һ֮Σ
۳һ£Цã
ԪʼһݣҶ֣һ߶ʵȴǽ˻ᣬǿ⣡
֮УʵԪʼȻ˵ҶҲӵ֤Ԫʼıֻ֣Ǻ֮ʵѷɫ١
ҲĹǣԼճƷԲŻʹĴӦҶ֡
ǵǿߣҶҲӵеķ˶ԪʼΪͨ߶ʱܱǣԪʼ⣡
ⳡսԪʼĤ̥ݣһƬƬرǱٳ漴𣬹Ԫʼ
Ԫʼ񹥻гͻȻֻ֮ϣЦλѣǺΧң˫ȭѵ֣Ҳûа֣
ӲҶ񹥻Ȼƶֻأʱֻطת
ŭһȭȻǹԪʼǴ㽫ֻһȭ飡
ȴڴʱһգһҶƺһ
СԪʼ㸴ͥǧ֤֮ˣΪҪңŭɱڣҶĿⲻơ
ΪȻƫ˾ȴһ壬Զͥǧ֤ǿ߸ǴΪСѣ֪ΪҪ
Ҳɻ󲻽⣬ҶͻȻһֻأҶִ߶ȴҶҲ޷赲Ҷ
Ҷɫһֻ֮У꣬ûֻرӻЩ˵᳹׸ûиأ
ЦٴһȭֻػȥϣҲˣؿأһǧ磡
Ҷŭٴδ߶赲ҲŭҶʹɱ֡
۰̾һֻҶֿҶ֣֮ԼƵ¡
ֻԪʼĴ߶֮תݣʱֻ֮תֻ飬ֻٰӿ漴ԪʼĤ̥е촷ۣҺٴαֻ֮С
ԪʼЦδֻصһɲǣȻתֻأǿгȡԪֻӿֻ֮Уʧ
ԪʼͻȻһˢ£ݺݳɣȴҶԪ񣬽ֻɨȥ
ô
ԪʼȻɨ䣬ȴδˣЩʧǡ
ղתֻ׼ȡԪΪͥǧ֤ǿؾ۲л꣬ͳͳȴ뵽һĻûϰֻ֣ٴνУĻ룡
ֻأܲЩ֣ţ
Ҷȫ߶ͷѹЦֻɣ۸˵޷쵽ֻֻеһɡ
Ԫʼһһȥñ£ͬʱ󲽳˫һԪʼĤ̥ͬһ޴ḥ̂ҪԪʼĥ֮У飡
ԪʼһͻȻһѸͷУҲ룬ͷḥ̂
ͻȻ͵򣬲ɴ˸սæͷ׿ˣܿıɱһŭЦСȻ밵ң
һ̲ȫôױܶùȥԪʼĥһɨʱʧ
Ԫʼ黫úܡ
Ҷ㬵̫ʿ츫һϧͷЦһöɱԪʼҼûֳִ˸նɱԪʼҷΪ𣡡
̫ʿ츫֮绢æ㿪ЦС߹ű߹·࣬ҲƵͷ
Ҷګګջ̫ʿ츫˿ߵۣ¶ѯ֮ɫ
ۼæҡͷЦСѣѸͷ㻹Ϊɱ𣬻Ӹһʱɲˡ
Ҷֻý̫ʿ츫У㬵õıȻɲȥǸ߷ڣ޵ѡ
˶սݣԪʼԵֿϾδȫ޷֤ԪʼټǿΧϾΪȥֻһ³
ͻȻȥԪʼһײײɣ̽Ҷץȥ
Ǻ⣿
Ҷ־ŭŭһԪ壬üԪʼĤ̥֮УȡԪʼ֮˫һ⣬Ӳһ
䣡
ǿײܶʱҶ΢΢һΣһɫһ죬漴ָ糣
ʵһû뵽ҶȻܹƾԼ֮һΪʵȻ֮ϣ
̬
ЦͻȻб£ЦС֪޷ǲԸ죬ԪʼѾѳвȱͷ
Ԫʼͬʱ𣬴ھԪʼ֮ͼٸԭЦѳҲ̫߿Լˣ
ЦͬʱҶԪʼۣЦѵǧٰ֣ѾСƵøɸɾڰ֮ϣѾ·磬ʱ磬ΪѾ
ʱһƬң˴֣Ԫʼ֣ͬʱҲˣΨһ㰲رֻ֣ҶֿˣδҶҶȴҲδ
ˣʲôˣԭΪԼѾ£ǣһʵˡƲѡ
Ԫʼ֮սҪֳʤˣ
˫һģԪʼͷ­ߣԪʼͷ­ڴʱԪʼһָ̽ؿڣһ÷顣
ȴδսܣͻȻֻԪʼ֮ӿҶԪ֮Уķǣʵ
֤
ĿȻһԪ֦ҶȴڴʱԪʼҲͬʱҶ֣Ԫʼ֮ӿִҶ֤֮;
ǶΪⳡսõû֤ԪʼҶ֤õǲ֤ԪʼѹƲסҶֻ¶˵һΣ
ʲô
֮УͻȻ˴սನɨһƬԪʼ֮ԪʼĤ̥֮⣬һƬΰĽʧ
ҶԪʼ˶սϾȥ鿴ۼ״æϷɳƬȥ
ôһŻ
۷ɳĤֻ̥һŻԪʼĤ̥УŻδɣĸ֦ҶŻзɣȡԪʼ֮ŻΡ


1054 Ѷ
۲ϵܽԪʼĤ̥ݵŻȴϵ˵ԪʼйԪʼ£ɳ
ȡһöʵԼУ̲ص򣬶׵Ԥֽ⡣
֮ԻʹıӦҶ֣вԭӰ쵽ĿҶԪҲĸоС
ǰ֦ҶǴԪʼĤ̥ܹ̽ӦҶԪҶԪʼս죬Ԫһֱ֦Ҷᴩ޾գĤ̥мȡԪʼ֮
ֻû뵽ǣҶȻΪ˽ⳡսʹԼͻƣɾ͵ͬʱҲڴһʷΪǿױһٳԽױ
ӥһֻСȸϹ˫ۣ仰ԪʼΪв
۰̾һԪʼνǻ㾡꣬ԪʼƬ֮УΪתԭʱһռȻ
ԪʼıԶǣڵ۾նʱѾʼ֣ԪʼħնԪʼħΪԼƣ꣬棬вٿؾ硢ءķչ켣ԪʼħΪ֮У
ıԣ֮ϣЦŽܼ龪춯صĸˣһܹƣԼҲֻѹԪʼħ֮ãش֣
һֱƵҶճıƫҲֻССƫ
ƫȴԽԽ۸ƫԪʼĳ̶ȣ
ҶֻʱΪԼ˸ţֻصĹܲȱȫûԪʼǧѡͥǧ֤֮˸ԪʼƸƫ˴롣
ۿֻţ㲻ΪԪʼѶԪʼˡ
ۣ㲻æô
·ɵ֦Ҷ֮ϣվһӰȻҶĴ֮࣬дۣħоޣǧ飬νǻ
ÿһƬ֦Ҷͬһ磬һ룬ͬĴ½ҶЩվЩʹ½֮ϣԪʼֻ֮ŵ
ǰЦСѣѾг֮㣬Խ˱Ԫʼ֤֮

֦Ҷ뷭һƬ֦ҶȻƮɣǰֻƬ֦Ҷһλҡͷ֤пԪʼ֤֮޷֤õ˱Ҳֻ˵ǿˣ޷Խ
۵ͷԪʼǵΪԱ֤Խһ磬ΪԪʼ֤֮ѹȺۣ֤Ҳ⣬ѷɫһ
Ҷľ磬޷ԼֻԪʼ֤֮Ҳ֮С
СҲνǻ㾡
̾˿ɫԪʼ׵ĿߣʢﲻСѣǱϾǰ֪ͣʤܷ֮һ
ҶۻĬƬ̣ɬ˭죿
΢΢һ֪ҶȻԸ죬Ƭ̣ȻȻˣǱ죬Ƕ˼ȥ
ҶЦأҾ岻ѣ㿪֮󣬱ؽ䣬ɣң㿪֮ԪʼҪһ˭ͳ
ĬȻȻ֪Ҷ˵ĲԪʼǲǹھŽԪʼֻ֪رҶº޷Ĺʱûһŭ֮»ֻأȻвȫָͥٹͷ
һսǻȥǻɱѪɺӣͿ̿
ۣһ֮
Ҷףֿ֣СѣȻǿΪһ
ҶƬ̣ĬĬͷ
˿ǰǵķʱҶѹǰֻţǽԪԼ֣֮ţΪʱλֻűԸɣ
ֻŶɣɾԪʼԪʼ츲أҲ޷ӳƿأ
Ĥ̥֮УҶԪʼվսݣ໥ʹɱ֣ÿҶ񼴽⵽Ԫʼ˵ͬʱѹΪ
ԪʼͬҲ޷õϢ֤֮ΪԪʼ
жǴΪͻȻЦɭȻλ֤õսȥԶ֪ƣֶܼã
ҶһȭЦҲ֤֤δرѷɫֶܼãұҲֶܼã
ԪʼЦҶЦλѣԪʼ֮ɣ֤Ԫʼ֮ǿǻҪʤһ
˽ֲ£ͻȻдӦڵֵλǿԼ֣ȴЩֲ£ģһ
һ𣬴˽ºХɳֻ֮еһʮб̫ʿ츫Էȥս
ԪʼδȻ֤ܼ֮ǿᣬѾӦڵԪʼҲ޷ߣǱҶڳǶҲһв
Ӧڵȥ˿
ˣʦڵˣԪʼĤ̥֮⣬ҶһۻͻȻ˿Ц
ۿȥֻһȻֻеһƬҶ֮ϣӦڵһпۣ΢΢һʩѧĩۡ
ۻкɻĤ̥֮пȥֻԼʮԪʼĤ̥вһ
ʮһһ㣬̫ʿ츫ãǡǡǰʮУ
£ˮ©
̾ѣҶĻ񻹲ɽʮ˲
ҶȡԪʼ֮һҡͷʮ˲ҿɣΨеɽ磬Ҳδõĵ;裬Ψеۻۣſɽ
üûеɽû˼磬㿪ٵأҲʼղ
ҶһᣬȻΪ·ģٵ֮Ȼеɽ֣
Ӧڵжһ𣬶ʱ֪Ҷеĵɽ羿ӺζӦڵ̾ϢΪʮ̫ƽ
ĬȻҶӦڵ֣ʮ˲
Ĥ̥֮УԪʼҶɱӼңԪʼһУֻ徳ĽţҶҶ߶޼ͼɣٴ߶̫ͼֵͬʱһץɨˣ
ʮУ״̬ɨһУʼջ˭Ҳ޷κ˭ս֣ҶΪֻҪԴ·磬̹ԪʼһߴϢ֮ԪʼԴ·磬Ҷڴ֣Դ·ʱҶƲ񹥻Ԫʼ
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Ѷڿ֤ˣԪʼϰͳͳɨƽ춨ʮ겻ҵ


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ҶͻȻĤ̥ȥԪ趯Ԫʼ֮ӿעԪ֮У
飬֤ȴҪǴ𲻴Ӧ
Ԫʼͬʱ׿֣ҶץȥҪ£ͬʱĽ̫񾵡̨̫ޱ巽ȵܴţҶȥֻʣ̫ʿ츫ûбڴ߶
ܣνǰδУ貣ܵУ
Ҷ΢΢һЦֻŶȻ߶˷ѹ£ԪʼĤ̥ʱСѹԪʼжѣһʮҲֻǣرλ˵ƿأ
ҶôĤ̥Խ䵽֮ϡ
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ǿĴڣҲֻⲻס
𣬲𡭡
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Ҳ֣ԵͬҶ֤ԪʼȻѹ
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䣡
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鲻Ҷˡ
ЦЩӢĩ·֮⣺һû뵽µͷȻᱻһһСƵǵͷϣ
Ҷ֤ΪʵõʵķֻţѹĤ̥ϾһϣǶ˿κηΪʤĻᣡ

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ԪʼĬȻһεĸо
ǲĻΨм̫ʿ츫һԪʼֻֻܰŵѹ
ٵأκһ˵ʵֻ»ǻ߶ڴ
Ҷ˱Ƶĩ·֮ϣ֮ƣֻпٵأҶ˺죬δر䣬ֻǻԪˣþԻָ
ԪʼĿһƣȿ˳֮⣬ٵأֿ޷Ԫʼ֤֮ΪʵᱻõĹ̶һ̣Ҳ޷ٽһ֤ԪʼֻڣұжɽĻᡭ
۾һЦ˵Ѿ֪ļƲߣǱôա
һЦǶһѶԱ˴˶ԷͷָƣͨͻȻֻ֣̽ͬʱץס̫ʿ츫
ԪʼŭȣӸһֻһ죬ͬеһףޱߵĺڰһΪ貵Ĺâ֮ԪʼĤ̥ƽƽѿԪʼ֮ɣʱɴ
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ظغ϶ΪһԪʼƣԪʼһۣŲȵŭһֻ죬
˲ͬٵصľˣ˿Ǳǿٵصľˣ
أʱգԽԽΰԽԽʼ¿ٵ֮Уأʹزб̮
ΣƿأɣȻȻĳȡڵĴ
ҶۡӦڵǰޱ׳һĻþòؿ٣˭ֻԵۿһĻ
һĻȴǰʵʵڷ
һطֿƶݻĿռ䣬Ԫʼ˵Ϣڷ˥֮УȴЦãȵܷɽ𣬷Ϊʤڴ˿̣
Ƕӿض类ٳӦڵͻȻһʧԣԣ

Ҷɫһ漴չЦԪʼǲΪϵλڣ̫ˣ̫ˡµ񣬾ȻܰһΣ
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ĿͬڴӺشʱ⵽۸ģҶ쾭̲صĴһ£
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ҶкһͻȻ𣬺Хٵе֮У̽һץĽץУĽϲһһţ͵һԪʼͷ­ն£漴һȥܱǣͬ
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ҶѪ׿еĽţ˫һģԪʼĽͳͳ÷飡
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ҶĨȥǵѪЦֻնǵѾһѾ٣ǻתȻת˵նǣĵɽ磿
ۼæȥֻԪʼԪʼ֮ҶüһԪԪʼ֮УƬԪʼ֮һƬޱߵأΡΡȺ죬´ʮ˲ǳתݡ


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