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һܻ˴Խλ֮Уʿݣ̤ʿ֮·׷Ѱİ



1 3796
һֱ׹䵽һдеĴɽ֮ϡ
˫ۣЩ۵ͷһöɫξ壬תͷһԿȥֻһ̨·ûƽɢŽһ˴СλĶ档
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ɡ겨޷֪жϣѾšݵʮʼѰµˡ
ɨ迪ʼ
λ˵˫һųһ⣬һĲһΪ˷ɢȥ
еһöɫξһųһɫĹâɢ˿ֲ
ַֻ̣·һ±һ㣬Ťһһöɫξֱӷûü֮ڡ
ֻһתȻֱ˹ȥ
ˣ˻һȨޡλһĿ˸һ¡
ڶ峿أתѡ
ˣˣһ۾һһԴ˹
ǣˣ˹ܣһ±˹һһλˣһѿڶˣʲô˼ҿɲǵˣ
һܽɫλ˵Ĵл֮һ𴫳Ƽһ˶ѾʧҲűҸѡΪҵˡ
лˣ˹ܣô˵Ҫˣ̫ˣǵϵһ˹ܻˣ̫ˣҪˣ˫һų˿ϲĹâʮӹ׵ֱڵϴ˼
һ˹ܻڵ֮ϾǼֵǵıֻҪúˣ׬RMBû⡣㹻滨ƵݳޱȵĹһӡ
ҷˣ𷢱۵ӡڷ崿Ķӡ֡ĺ̲ʳͳͳҪܸ顣Ҿô׵Ĵˣ
һߴһ̳Լδ
һܽɫλ˵ˣʮźĸﲻǵ򣬶һֵȼȵһ򱶵õͨ׵Ļ˵Խˣ
Цһ𷢱۵ӡڷ崿Ķӡ֡ĺ̲ʳõһж·ֱѡ
ӵЩŵʵսжߣ
һܽɫλ˵µȫҵĶ֡յϵı׼ʨӡϻҿһȭ򱬡ҲսĻˣһ̨ļϵսսҸߣ
ɫѿʲô£
һܽɫλ˵ˣҵıѾӡԺ棬ֻҪϸһ¾Ϳ֪ҵ
Կʼ룬ϢĴ֮ӿһܽɫλ˵Ҳ˽⡣
ܽɫӵһ̨ǿޱȵԣһ̨Եٶһ֣֮еԵٶȼ޷һܽɫԵڷ֮һȡ
һ̨ɫ˵ĿƼǴСʱһֱչǿʢ֮ʱпƼͬʱӵսͼκһͼڵ֮϶ԿۣóֿƼܹõĿƼз츲صĽ֮⣬һ̨ɫĻ˻ӵĿֲֻҪ㣬Ϳƾκս
˫ۣһλʵӦôƺ㣿
ǵ3796ŴлˣԽ3796ţϲ֣
Ҿͽ3796źˣ3796ţ̬ϵͳγΪ̬
ǣˣ
3796ӦһһŤѸٵıγΪһһСòͨࡣ
´ɨϵͳѰ⸽ӽĴׯ50֮ụ̂ѰӵˮԴûǿĵط
3796Ȼսǿȴӵǿĸ̽ҲһֻҪ̽ⷶΧԸߴ5000ϣֻ̽ⷶΧԽĵҲԽࡣ3796ŵһжҪȻ˷ѱ
ǣˣɨģʽɨ跶Χֱ50ÿСʱ0.13796˫֮кһһǿ̽ⲨΪ˷ɢȥ
ĵλ֮һҲСλ
ɨϣ
3796кʧһСһָ5סĴׯ·һʬ壬ʬʱ䲻9Сʱ
Ǿȥʬȡ鱨
ǣˣ
3796ŵĴ֮£˴ԼһһƫƧĲݴ֮У淢һڷ۴һ͵ĻԷԼʮһʬ塣
ȡļ䣡
3796Ȼսǿս֮ײĴڣȴӵֲĸκֻҪԻûȫ΢︯ʴܹӴ֮жȡļ䡣


2 
һϸСĽɫȻ3796ŵ֮һ´ӵжͷ­档
ȡʼÿСʱ0.1
ʮ֮3796ֱӵѾȡϣǷʼͣ
ϵʼͣ
δ֪֮У鱨ϢΪҪһ֪ǲΣյġ
3796кһӴϢֱӴ͵Ժ棬鱨
ǾʬֽԽǶδ½Ѷ޹һСоĵһ˳λ̳ˣؾǾﲻԶĺҶСʱԸǳΪһ˵֮пɱʿ鲼δ½֪֮ʿִǿأСҪһʿһ涼ܣΪǿʿˡ
Խ֮ԸҴѧţΪһʿ׬һǧңϽѶ޹סԼоĹͷΡ
ҪΪʿҲûô򵥣ԽСţҲмսʿҪΪһʿ֪Ҫʱܹ쵽
һĨݲ͵ĹԼķʵһĴڣΪΪ3796ţҼǵֱװĿǰѡһԼ۱ߣ
עױҪ50ôǿɵı仯壬Ϊκ˵òߡߣҪ1ΣΡ
鿴3796ŵĿһۣ3796Ŀǰֻʣ34һû3796žͱ̫̫ͨԼҪʱָܹе
һҺ߲࣬ǾŪһߺˣ
ǣˣ3796֣һӿ֮ϸСɰԼϸСĿУ۳һţһŤγһű˿ߡ
潫һߴϣһŤһ֮γΪԽģ

Խϵ·´֮濴Խʬһ۵
ǣˣ
3796ŵһ±ΣһֻһĻԽʬ֮ϣȼڵĻ棬Խʬֱɡ
ԽݾʱðɣΪĳ鷳ĻҲ˳㱨ˡ濴ǱյԽʬ嵭
߰ɣ濴Խʬ廯ɻҽ֮ת3976һҶȥ
ҶһͷСĵ·һӿݵ·洦ԿѼţķ㣬ķҲãйũ嶼Ȳ
С˴·ƾɲݿݻƣ󲿷Ǻڷ۵Ķˣ𷢱۵Ƚ١
δ½һΪĴ½ڷ۵Ķڱĵײ塣ԽƯδ½֮ԴʿΪѶ޹֮Żо֮λҴŴĺڷۻƷĶ˴󿪻ģ˵Ŭſٳ˺ҶһСҶľҲԶΪ濴Щʱմҵĸо
үллأڻˣһصҶһ뷢ףԼʮ꣬Źܼҷεӭ
潫£ݸʵܼңǼĿǰжǮ
ܼҶ̷оˣҶĲ
ܼһүĿǰǻ456öҡ
δ½֮1öҿԻȡ20ö2000öͭң456öѾһʾ޿
100öӦǮȫʯ˻дá
ܼһЩСүǺҶûʯҪһԵĺʯĻоǼУǴʯһʯļ۸񣬶ǺܲȥʯǱʯˣǹʯɣ
оϸķһԽļ䣬ܿҵ֡
оǾʯǳ³ӾһǺ³Ӿİ֮£ϵֶͨʴԽأԽΪײеĵˡԽ֮Ϊ죬Ʋǻо֮һ
Ȥ΢΢һһĨ˷ܵĹâоҲиҵȥӴһ£˵ҿ˾ʯǵС㣬ҪСҺҶΪѺǧҡ
ܼд󾪣æȰүоһͷ˲գ۵ĶǣÿµϢߴ4ǧҹϢǶ𣬵ʱ򣬺ҶƬҵɾͻᱻоˣ
Էһд㣬ȥ°ɣ
ܼһ··ʮ꣬һ̾뿪˷䣺ǣү


3 ̫ɡ
λںҶԵһСΧӵкüͿ󳡡ҲǾʯϽʮ˸֮еһ
һĸߴۣӥǣ˫֮âĿһķ֮һЦԽǸԺҶΪѺҪҽǧҰСΪһŮˣԼȵĻҵˣһ
ĸߴİӱǺ˻оǺߣѪֶƿغ֮еĴη
֪ķҾͲðȥЫɱˡװ˷ٽҡоüͷһ壬ЩɻĵЫ˵ԽѾɱô£ѵΪƭҵͽ𣿡
˼˺һᣬо̧ͷһԴŹܼƷվһԵӵޣȥԽ˵ֻᰴÿ4ǧٽҸҶֵֻǧٽҡ֮ڱȫ
޹Ӧһȥǣү
¶һ˿Цݣ£Ҷҵ֮ˣҶһ鱦ҵУÿٿԻǧҵ档
Ҷһ鼫ΪʺϸСǺҶΧŴءԽһֱʯϻһѹƣԵʮ־ȣ֮оȻһǧöҶò
ƿغҶֻҪԼӾӪطѣܹþ޴
Ҷ
統С廹ûִᵱСôأںҶĽֵ֮ϣЩƵ̾һ
ûеӻû硢ûϣֻҲֱƶ񤵽˼㡣
ǰҲǰǰֻʳ˼͸оԼĳθЩܲˡ
Ҷ겻Ӳˮ֮;ԼĻʳѾǺܺõˡ
Ҷ棬Ȼӵо޴ȨǿŮҲûзɿԼҶŮֻмʮɫƽƽഺ֮⣬ҵһԳ֮ΪŮŮѡ
ʵ׵ȨƣֻҪָͷûжŮԸĴʵûһеġ
Խ֮һֱǶΪҶҲһǵŮ
ܵ˵ǺҶ򳤼оִһͨС񶼲硣
洩˺Ҷ򣬽˱ߵһĵصС֮ڡ
һ뷿֮ڱ3796Ŵ3796ţʼɣһҲȲˣ
ǣˣѡ3796ųһâִָĽװ֮С
Ѹٵѡ񣺡Ҫ֤ǾȽһٵλ̫ɡ
3796ſϳκʣжҲҪĴ˵ĿǰԺƽ֮£ѡ˽ĵλ
̫ɡʺϵĵλ
3796Ѹٵߵ棬һ죬һɫĹâһѶʯ֮С
һѶʯɫĹâ֮£ѸٵķֽΪһֿԼʡ
һֿһЩŤһһ±γΪɫâҫ֮£Զγһͦɡģ̫ɡ
һֻ̫ɡһͣһϸ3796̫ɡĵײ̫ɡ
ÿСʱƬĵ֮оͻһ̫ɡ
һ֮ʮ˰̫ɡ鲼Ƭĵء
֮󣬾ʮ̫ɡƬĵ֮г֡
죬3976һ¶һܸߴףԲͣӵʮеֱۣÿһеֱϷֱǶͷӡǯӡ纸ȸװĹ̻ˡ
죬ǹ̻˵һֳܣ̫ɡһֳٰѡ
죬ǹ̻˵һ±˾żܣ̫ɡһֳٰѡ
죬ǹ̻˶ʮ߼ܣ̫ɡһֳİٰѡ
죬ǹ̻˵˰ʮһܣ̫ɡһֳٰѡ
ڰ죬ǹ̻˵һ±ʮܣ̫ɡһֳٰѡ
ھ죬һƬĵ֮ڱ㷢˷츲صı仯һƾն֣֮ں֮ϡ
ʮ죬һƬĵ֮з·һ³һ㣬ֱӶǧֻ̫ɡŸ
һԭʯͷ޷ֵĻĵشʱѾһ޴ĳһһ޴ĳ棬е
ˣ
һǾ޴ĳǳǰսʿ뻮һĹ˵ñе
ɨһȥ༸һģһսʿһ仰Ҳû˵ֱŹ֮ȥ
սʿ볧֮żͬһʱվһģһ
ֱĹ˽ȥ
ֻĹ棬ϷһԲεľ޴򣬴Ǿ޴Ľ֮еֳ䵱ֹߣһˮ˹ֱװһһĻˡ
һˮֱ뿪Ĺ֮ڣ䵱˵Ľɫȡֽһһ
3796Ŵǹ֮ʵˣʲôԸ
һ߹㱨һ°ɣ
3796ŵĿǰѾӵԶʮ˼ܡ󣬿һ֮ڣٽټܡҪʯѾ㣡Ҫʯ


4 ս
3796ſʹеĺϳκʣֻҪ㣬ݿ֮ӵмأʲôֱϳɡûתΪҪĵΪֲ˴ֿƼȻҪֲϡ
ʯ𣿡üͷ΢΢һ塣
ȻЩѾļƴߴЩ˴Ӹؽʯ͵Ҷ򣬲ҴѹκҶҲԶԶ㲻еҪ
оâһųû취ˣĿǰܹսͺȫ
ǣˣ3796ѸٵĽͺŵս˵˳
˵6ף6֣װ8ֻϽ𵶱ۣն4ڵķ֣̫˫׶¯ս뾶6501֡ȫҪ800ۺս7
˵6ף6֣װ8ֻϽ𵶱ۣն4ڵķ֣̫˫׶¯ս뾶450ȫҪ20ۺս6
ǹ5ף18֣װܻͦڣ˫װ37׿ھڣ̫˫׶¯ս뾶650ص4򷢣1֡ȫҪ800ۺս7
ǹ5ף18֣װܻͦڣ˫װ37׿ھڣ̫˫׶¯ս뾶450ص4򷢡ȫҪ20ۺս6
ڱ5ף38֣װ24ܻԶ׷ٵ150״ھڡ̫˫׶¯ս뾶450ص4򷢣1֡ȫҪ800ۺս7
ڱۺս6
˶ܱ8ף60֣Ͻ󵶡̫ĸ׶¯ս뾶4502ַ֡װȫҪ800ۺս7
˶ܱ1֣ۺս6
ͿСǣֱ3ף߸߶3ס鷶Χ50
еӬ鷶Χ200ס
Һ̬ˣ3ף1֣ܹɱκ̬ʹö»桢׵硢ǿʴҺȴƻԹҪ100ۺ6
ӥװֱװͦ37.5׻ڣնԿյӥնԵصҪ100ۺ7
糬սװ150׿ھڣնԿյӥնԵصۺ7Ҫ100Ҫɻܵ
ͺըҪ100ۺ7
׹Ҫ60ۺ5

濴ǸָսϢüͷ΢΢һ壬ֻ߼ⲻ̫ûиߵȼս𣿡
ڻôеʱ濴ֲսЩսÿһ߼ܹĴڡ
УĿǰΪ100ֻܹ100µ8ϵսϵ춼100Ŀǰ޷ЩҲ޷8ϵսˡ
Ҫ⣬ַʽһ־װҪأװҪصĴתֱתߵȼĲϡڶ־ѰҵʵĲϡַǰͰطĿƼıֱطĿƼЩϺΪֹ
װҪأһ·ȥ
ƶװҪأֱǧףװһμڡһ200״ھڡ30045״ھڣһŻҪڣ3ͷ֡Ҫ1֣10Ԫˮۺս10
һ䡣
1ָҪʯһʯԼ2öңʯ൱Ҫ6ҡֶι򣬾ҶһҲ
棬һ̫ɡÿܹյ0.01Ŀǰǧ̫ɡܹյҲֻ20ĿǰĽҪռƶװҪصҪ5졣ǴԪˮû˵Ĵڡ
һᣬ⵶ǹڱһ򻯰á
3796Щɻ򻯰棿
ԼĸĽ󣬶ԸַĿǰĵֻǹûеࡣĵֻҪܹնɱʿСǹʹ12.5׵ػǹڱֻҪװһ120׵ھУս뾶Ҳ̵ٹڡҲҪ̫޴СģСԣǵϼװһƤǿࡣ
3796ŸҪѸٵĽٴƺ޸ģѸٵƳһսˡ
˵򻯰棬1.8ף600װϽ𵶣СͶ¯ս뾶200ȫҪ0.1ۺս4
ǹ򻯰棬1.8ף600װ12.5׿ھػǹСͶ¯ս뾶200ȫҪ0.1ۺս4
ڱ򻯰棬1.8ף600װ120׿ھڣСͶ¯ս뾶200ȫҪ0.1ۺս4
ʮһ󶩵ȸһҵİȫȻÿһֻһټܡ
3796ŵǣˣ


5 ڷ
սߣ̫ˣ̨սҵıڣִϵĸԪ׶Ȳϣ濴ǰ̨λˣ̲ס޵ս߱ڣ˵
ǰվ̨λˣÿһ̨ᣬźɫīźɫ磬ĸߴ󣬿ᵽ˼㡣ϲϽսǹһͦ12.5׿ھػǹڱһ120׵ڹܡ
̨λӵо޴Ŀмֵõȥÿһ̨ۼֻ¶һԪϡһ̨һӲóˡ
3796ѵˣƴ󽵵ǵս̬õս̬ƳΪ֩ΡҰ̬ǵսٿ20%ϣ߿120%
̬ӵа۵Ұ̬ڱ򻯳ΪΣսʱ½ࡣ
΢΢һЦһ䣺սҰ̬ҲҪ̬ǿöࡣᣡЩӵεĻ˿ɱЩҰ̬ĻҪöࡣ
3796ŵǣ
ˣһ£ţĻʲôʱʿĵȼ
ǣݿʼģ˴Ҫ0.1ʽݿʼ3796ź⣬ǳʼݡ
20֮
ݽĿǰŻ֮Ƶ֮ԽΪսʿ֮Խмսʿʮ֮ԽΪ߼սʿ޷ͻʿȼ޷ʿ
оʮֲ˼ôܣţʿĵȼŻ֮ôʿ޷
ԭ򣬵һԭѾ䣬ݷѵʱǴ9굽16ꡣڶԭǷϲ֮еķϲģƳϲģţŹĸ룬ûã޷ͻƳΪһʿȼߡ3796ź
ϲģЩˣôû뵽ԼʾȻز
3796Űο̫Աʵϣǧ˻˻϶ĳϲġǵһĸ
ЩһЩ
ʵʲô취Ļѵûռʲô𣿡
Ǻӽ𻨡̫ˮϾ߲ʹ̥ĤЩֱһԾΪ10ϵǿߡʿ־ܹҲܹȫʡ壬ûռţΪ嶼ѾĴڣǻȫΪһ壬ֻҪһ˲ǾͲ
ˣĻҽںϣӴֻ֮ҪӡӡĻ˴ڣͻ޴ڣ3796кһȰ˵
һ˵ɣĿǰûбһ˵Ĵ㡣
ò׵õ3796һȣ滹ûܵȵĸɲԸһˡûбƵ֮ǰԲԸһˡ
ӿһ˿õԤֱӵǺӽ𻨡̫ˮϾ߲ʹ̥ĤЩܹϳ𣿡
߼ƶҪԺ󣬲ſԺϳɣ
߼ƶҪأЩˡ
ÿһȼƶҪҪĲ϶ԼμҪϵҲԼμûȵ߼ƶҪأ֪Ҫȵˡ
һɣȸҶһ5Һ̬ˡһ㣬֮װ׼ӺҪڱң
ǣ5Һ̬Ҫ20򻯰浶5Һ̬ˣ
Һ̬ˣ
˽⣡

Ҷ֮⣬鲼ŴƬޱȵĺ
ݵũ֮ͬϰڵĸš
ӲӵĵӭƮγһƬķ羰
Ȼ֮һ֮ԶЩڵũ̧ͷһ㿴һȺ磬ȫװ߳
ڷţǺڷţ
ڷţ

һֵƬ֮ЩũһĿ¶֮ɫһУɢ
һȺϴЦݣͬһźҶڵķȥ

ľ֮һںҶصҶ񶼾ֵĶԼļУץɪɪ
ţѳŹϣЩ㣡ΪԼСŹϣҶŸһɫ԰׵ָЩսʿǱĳŹϡ
һٵĺǳŭŭ֮£ǳǱĳڻĹ
үˣڷɱˣڷɱˣܼɫ԰ףһֵĴ˳ǱĻ԰֮ڣе


6 ʿǿ
ڷţʲôüͷ΢΢һܼųǱĳǽ֮ȥ
ܼǽڷŵϸĽ˵
ڷǻԾھʯǸһֻţȫɣȥ磬ΪƻĴ̶Ӻʹׯ
ʯǼɳΧ˶ǺڷŻܡʧ֮󣬴Ҳ֪ڷŵ³һӵʿʵĿֲǿߡ
ʿʿطͻƷ弫֮ǿ߻óƺһͨʿܹʹٹصǸȫʿ֮󣬸ͬһǹ̹һսܵС
Ҷ棬һʿȼǿ߶ûС
Ҷǿǿ߾ǺҶͳԶҲֻһмսʿûгǽػһʿɾܹҶ˶ɱ
һ˵ӵʿΪǿ߶ᱻҲһЩʿΪԭΪ˵ͷߡЩΪߵʿֲĴڡ
ܼһ潲ǺڷŵĿ£һ͵͵ߵĿıڿһۣһĨһš
ҶһϡٷյСİ˵ĵһСĺ䶯ȥһ߾ͶԵĿౣڣܼԼɻ󡣲ܼҲΣʱҲûжʲôʵ⡣
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ܼ˫Ȳһɱһİ³үӰɣ
书ٸߣһǹ̵һʿǹǰҲֻһһЦֱӴһֻ9׿ھǹֱ׼˰³۶˰
飡飡飡飡
޼ɵİ³һǹǾź׵Ĵھǹڰ³ʿؼ֮һ¹ᴩ˰³ʿؼףϿѪѪ֮вӿ
㾹ȻңĻƤ֣㾹Ȼ˺ΰİ³ʿҪһĹͷȻι
³ǹ˫ȴһ죬˫֮޾׹⣬һŭХһ±һɿֲöѪӵӲĴ


7 ɱʿǿ
濴³ӵƳ⣬̲סţȻӵԱƳʿţֲôɹ
ڵϣκǹܽӵֱӱƳ⡣³ֱĵһ֡
ǰ³ȴֻһʿ֮ϻдʿʿʿȼʿǿʿλ綥˵ľǿߡһʿѾǿزǸǿʿǲ֪ǿʲôزһʶһ˿η
ڶδ½֮УֻҪ׳Ϊʿͻӵг֮ӵԶͨ
³һŭХֱӳ˴󽣣
浭һȥУͷ֮⣬ĵطԹ
վߴīĵһһ³ϽսһΣͬͻŰ³ȥһ³ڰ³ǰһݺŰ³ȥ
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ܼ˷֮ɫŵʿʿүõʿ𣿡
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ĺҶսʿҲ˷ܵĻܹ֮ΪһʿĲ£ǰ;һƬ
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ڷǾʯԱľҳǳ˲ĺס˲³ӾһУ˫֮ݡ
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˵ĵδؾѡСǿӿһ˿
ӵ崫е˵Ѿһʬ壬ԼΪʲôĶ֪


8 
ǾʯϽʮ֮һΧٵضɽ󲿷ֵزʺϸ֡
ںΧȴźü
ĻоƾǼΪһ֡С򡣺ıӦѶ޹壬Ϊо׬˾޴ĲƸ
ķҲԶԶںҶ֮ϡҶ֮оһǧˣ˿ȴѾߴ3ˡҲǾʯϽʮ֮Ϊԣһ
Ψһȱ޷Բʳÿ궼ҪӸչʳΪˣоŽĿⶢԼҵĺҶ֮ϡֻҪǷֵĺҶŪУоͲȱʳ
һСɽ֮ϡ
վɽϸԶĺվ504504ǹ10ڱԼ5Һ̬ˡеĻ˶һڵսۣɱʮ㡣
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ұĳǽʮףֱߴһͨʹüӲ̶ȿȸĺҽɡʮ׸ߵĳǽʿȼĸҲ޷һԾϣʿȼǿҲҪѵؼײпһԾôߵĳǽ
ںұĳǽ֮վٶʿЩʿƤףָվԼĸλ֮ϡǵľԱȺҶսʿǿֹ
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9 ݺ
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о㻹ϵ𣿡ϵߣ¶ԽݣŻо΢΢һЦ
оɫ䣬ӿһ˿ԤʧԽо
оתѸٵԽоԵ޹ʽһоأ֪ˣľλضᱻֱӰᡣ뿪ü£ҿԵûз
Ѷ޹֮ڽؾǼһ֣Ǻ³ӾĴҲᱻλءоһֱҪȡԽľλأҲòֶͨУԲֱӽԽء
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ںҶѾչһƿڡӵдĿʯĿꡣȡ˺ܹѸٵķչǿĻˡֻӵиࡢǿĻˣܹøá
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30ǹһ½ػǹǹڶ׼˳ǽ֮ϣ۶˰
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ұչһ֮һչεҵֽԼĹŶƷھʯǵĸֲĵ
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ӻоĴ棬ȡϢһſʿĹһʿֻܹʿԶԶȲԼҵţҲûȤ
һſ΢ǷգžʯǵĶ
ӻоԴõ鱨ʾǾʯ˿ߴʮ֮ޣǾʯʿͳһǺ³Ӿ¾гʮʿʿ֮ʯ֮ڻסųʮʿѧͽ
ʿλ׿ʿѧͽʿսһһʽʿܹʿʿǿʮϡ١ֻһЩǿ˼ʿߵ׷߲пܳΪʿʿǿߡ
Ѷ޹֮ʿǿߵˣʿǿȴֻһˡʿϡٿ֪
ʯǵƾԼĻеŴݻǡھʯһк֮Сݵʿ֧ǡǺ֮Сһǿޱȵһʿ
ڶδ½棬ʿ˵ǿߣһһʿ뷲˵սһûƺֶΣһһʿȫʮɵ֮նɱжԽ׼ݻٵ˵ĵֿ־
µĻеĿǰ4Ļеţȵ滻Ϊ6Ļе֮оԵİջһһʿ
ռ˺֮ÿһ춼Լμͣÿһ죬ͻᱩһ֣ʱվһߡ


10 ֮С
ʯǷѶ޹ʮ֮һ֮˿ߴʮ
ʯĳһ֮ӣλһŽɫ̷ɫ˫ӥǣƤ𪣬Ŀ࣬ɢһǿϢӡӾǾʯǵĳ³Ӿ
˺³Ӿ֮⣬ӷֱǾʯĴ岨塢ؼ塢塢³峤³ӾʯĴ干֧ͬžʯǵһС
³ӾĻоɱˡ
Ĵ峤һ۶˳Ĭ
оɵ֮Ϣܿ㴫ǵĶСһʿеǿߣʮּɵ
Ĵ֮ÿ嶼һЩʿѧͽʮʿֶжôǿһǿʽʿǵļҲʮɡֻҪ滹ûֺǵĺ棬ǶԱֳĬ
³Ӿüͷ΢΢һҴ֮СԮǳһаʿѧͽ
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ãĴ峤ĵͷ
˵Ĵ峤³Ӿ˺԰֮С
ں԰֮һһɫѻѡ
һֵֻİѻ³Ӿ԰ֱӷɵ˺³Ӿֱϣ³ӾͳԵĸҪҰ⣬͵⡣ĳӵĳʵ̫ˣҽֱӽһµġ
³ӾԴֻѻˣΰĺ֮СʺãҪİһаʿͼΰĺ֮СݵˡѾ׼ҵķ׽ΰĺ֮С˰а񡣡
ѻĴųõģ˻Ļΰĺ֮Сݵˡ˻֮ҪԷҰȣҪ͵ģ
³Ӿ΢ЦԸ֮󣬻õ͵Ұȣ
ѻĵͷĴųֱӷɳ˳
֮Сݲͨ˼ɽ档֮෴֮СݴڷѶ޹ʮ֮һ֮档
֮λھʯԱһٹ֮˿ߴʮ򡣺֮ǵڷѶ޹ĹҳǣǾʯǵ
Ǻ֮ǵһ޴ɭ֡ϪСɽȸֵΣͬλһľ޴ׯ԰ׯ԰ռ˺֮֮һ
һ޴ׯ԰Ǻ֮Сܲ


11 һʿ
һ޴ׯ԰һߣһߴʮ׵ʿһʿͨʹüӲ̶ȿȸĸɡ
ʿĳò֮һӲ̶ȿȸʿʩӳ֮󣬸ӵг֮һשͷСĸҼ۸һϣһʮ׸ߵʿǸҵľҪļҡټֲϣһʿֻºǧϡ
ʿȻ۰ޱȣҲӵáһһʿʿ㹻ʿѧͽһʿ⡣֮⣬һʿҲԻʿǿ߼ӿٶȡһЩǿʿʿʿַΧ֮ڵ仯
һЩûмεʿûԼʿ֮СܹӵһԼʿΪѶ޹ÿһ궼þ޴ĲƸ
һŻɫʿۣͭߣȥԼʮʿԱߵĻ԰֮Ϊǻ԰֮һ곤èһ׵Ĺֻˮ
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΢Цˣȥ򣡡
ھȥҪˣûзۣһģһè
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ƽ͵һвתʿȥ
ʿ㣬һ䷿ǰͣ£ţʦޡ
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߱Ǻ֮Сݵʽһʿᡣ֮ǵƿߡ֮ǶʮȫС
û̧ͷЩͷʲô£˵
ʦһʿռṧĽӰѻϢŲһһ㱨һֲ©
Щͷ³ᡢˡղķǴѧͽȥʯ֧Ԯ
³ᡢˡղķ˶ʿѧͽټһЩʿѧͽȫԻһֻɵǧ˾ӡ
ǣʦṧӦһȥ뿪֮ǰʮϸĵĽŹϡ
ûжãһֻӱӺ֮гžʯȥ
֮һֻӲŽ˾ʯǡ
ҹǾʯǵĳ֮ڣٿһʢỶӭ֮Сݵʿѧͽǵĵ
һҹ֮󣬺֮Сݵʿѧͽһ졣
죬һֻǧ˵ľӴӾʯгźķƶ
Ǿʯǵ𣿺öˣ
淢Ŀ΢ʱ̼žʯǵĶ򣬾ʯǵľӸոճõϢں½ָ棬ͨǴĻ鿴žʯӵĶ
һξʯǳǧľӣ֮⣬ǧЯߴһ·ǰУʮ׳ۡ
ΪܹȷʵĹ˺򣬾ʯǵ˲ٹǵرҪһɱʯСǧľ֮Уʮʿؼ׵װʿʮװʿΧһʿѧͽҲɱ
ؾӵĻһٵԱʮŻۣһͭߵŮǾԺ֮Сݵʿѧͽ
Щʿѧͽʲô£潫ʶͷֱӴϡ
һ̣һӪ֮ڣһҺ̬һ˫ۣ˫֮кһŤ仯γԽģ
һ̤Ӫ㿴ǾӪ֮Ѿվ44ǹ4ڱ
4˵Ѿ3000ܣʱ䣬Ҷ򡢺򶼱Ϊ޴ıֻҪӵ㹻ʯһ֮1000ϵ4ˡɿֲȫ״ݻپʯǣǹ˼ɾʯĺ֮Сʿţѳʯǹ¡

һ£30004սĸžʯǴʱķȥ
಻ͬ3000ս˵ƶٶ߿Ըߴ150ÿСʱֻҪ㣬ȫʱ̱ٶȡǻ֮Ĳࡣ
Χĵ·ƽĵ·ս˵ٶȣǵȻԱ80ÿСʱĿֲƶٶȡ
Сʱ֮3000ս˺Ա40һСɽ֮


12 ݿ
һᣬڱǹȻ400ֱܵӰ˴֮ϡûбҪһս沢ڱǹֱ֡
ڶδ½֮УʿӵгȻǿ֮СʿڷѶ޹ѾǾްԵĴڣǱȺ֮Сʿǿʿͬ١һŵƣʿг䲻ĹЧ
Լʮ֮һĳ˴֮ϡ
һӵĳ򿴵վڴ400֮ܵѸٵתͷź󷽼۶ȥ
ͳһֻӵľʯͳ·ЩԼĶʵʲô˵ķͽŵĶڴ·룿
ʯǵľȫһ50ؼʿгʮʿѧͽһǿһ˵ĵǰ·ҲĽһ˵ĵŻ֮УķͽǶزֵ飬ЩͽȻսһǴ󷽷վڴ·룬ֱ޴˼㡣ʮֻЩǲǿˡ
СӳѸٵǵģͳˣţµֵܣ
·üͷ΢΢һ˳˼֮СƾսֱԼоЩԾ
߽ף·һͷһ³᲻мһЦ·ˣһһһЩʿеĴˣڣʲôˡʱʱͻִðӲһôɱɱɾ
·΢΢ͷӻַǰ
ʯǵľżǰܿ㿴400վڴ·ĵսʿ
·һ400վĵսʿüͷ΢΢һ塣ɭϵľֵĶ֡
ʯ棡·
װʿ˺ֵķߣп֮󣬲ɱսһ̹ͬ˵װʿ˺ѷߣȴǵľǱɱˡ
50ȫһؼ׵װʿֳ׳ĸսǹͬ50̹һ𽥼٣ĶΣ400սʿȥ
50װʿϴŵȫʿؼһٹǿµƥҲǷӵһ˿ħѪͳĺħҲֻӵħѪͳĺħܹһٹصװʿ֮ٸһؼס
ȫؼ׵װʿս֮ϳʿ֮⣬޵еĴڣǿޱȡͬʱҲѹʯҲֻӵ10050װʿȫԻһǧ˲ӡ
Ƿ˳50װʿ400սʿҲֱ50װʿ˳档
Ƿ𣿡
400սʿ50װʿ棬ʯǵжһĨ˼顣
һʿҲӲһװʿĳ档
˲˼Ŀע֮£ֻӺݺݵײһ
50װʿЦţ3׳ǹӲĹᴩһĸ
һ̣ЩװʿЦֱ屻ᴩĵһûûκα飬ӶųĺϽսݺݵЩװʿϡ
һװʿֱӱ4նؼף˴ֱƿѪĽһӶ50ʯǵװʿͱ4ͳͳնɱ
50ʯǵװʿЩ4׾ٵն飬ʯǵսʿͨһЩ±˫ȷɫ԰ס
·ɫ԰ף400һĨ־֮ɫ
Щݿȥ˹˹ĵղķЩؿڱᴩ4¶ĸֽߣɫȻеħܣЩ࣬ħܣȻ400ħܣģⲻֵܹĴڣ
ħʿƵսÿһħܵսһʿǿߣǱʿӺηԶԸ
һһĻΪʿѧͽղķȫŰһͷħܣ400ħȫ׽ղķʿѧͽն顣
ղķ䣬һӣһɫĹâһͷ峤ףľͺɫȳǰһֱֻͺɫȳϡ
ǾͺɫȳһһʮԶÿСʱ120ϵĿֲٶȴղķֱԶȥ
ղķϵ֮֮СݵʿѧͽҲһųǾͺɫȳ淭ȥԶȥ
ֻҪ׳Ϊʿѧͽȥδ½ĸطܵĹϸԣЩʿѧͽƲȻΪʯ
ʿѧͽߣǺ󷽵5000Ҳֱӱ˷ȥ
һȺ²Ĵͳһ䣬㿴ǻմѪ400ޱ飬ûɱȴĺޱȵ߳ɱ


13 ʯ
˻û¶սӣ400εֱӳ˾ʯǵսʿ֮УӶеĺϽͬ400νһǾʯսʿ֮һѪ籩
ȥһ似׵ľʯǸ߼սʿŭһݺһһܵļ֮

һֻǵļ֮һǳǳ˿ڡ
߼սʿһĨһ˺ѷεĺС
һ̣ǵһն߼սʿ֮һ㽫߼սʿмƿն룬Ѫǵһ
еնɱ߼սʿ֮ûлûе̤߼սʿʬ壬ɱžʯǵսʿ
ᡢηеǻеսʿսǻеսʿҲλõӡǲΌҲʿ䡢սһһҲԲȴӣľӣʴﵽ30%ֱӱ
սûжãǾʯǵǧսʿ˲أͬѩһɢ
ߣһҧתĸױžʯǵķȥ
Ͷ߲ɱ
Ͷ߲ɱ

Ǿʯսʿֱӱһȥ400ܵսʿǱϳɵ
ǾʯǵĲдսʿ׷׶˵ϣֱͶ
ɣѪ֮վǸ֮Ķ֡ΨһźûмʶʿѧͽֶΡ
ǳѪ֫ս֮Ͽǹڵϵķ²üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼɿ
δ½ڵ˵һʮֲпĵطеĹҶӵдūһʧܣͻΪūܡнˣ˺һǵ
ôҿʯǵı°ɣ
氲50Ѻһǧ²ǰԼǴ3000սѸٵžʯƶ
ȫټоСʱ֮󣬾ʯǾ޴ĳǽǰ
ǾǾʯǣȻ޷֮Ტۡ
ʯǼΪΰǽߴʮףʹõǽڸҵĴͰɡǶʮ׸ߵĸߴǽȫ󲿷ֵǿԼǿֱϳǽ
ʿǿ棬Ҳֻʿǿ߿һԾ϶ʮ׸ߵĳǽ
ͻٶ̫죬ûӻؾʯǣĻеűѾɱ˾ʯǰǾʯǵĳŻû
ɱȥһĨâǾʯһָ
400еȫٷÿСʱ150ĿֲٶǾʯǵķȥ
ʲôˣͣ£ڳǰ˰սʿһ400ܻеӿһ˿Ԥде
е˿ûЩսʿ֮ڱ嵽˳֮ǰ
ǳŵսʿ㱻ֱնɱ˵ϡ
Ϯ
еˣǵʲôˣ
׼ս

Ǿʯ֮һľ֮ǳſפһֻѸٵĳ˳Ÿǻеֱӳ档
ǻеֱӷ˷棬һֻӳȥ
ֻӺݺݵײһһ˲䣬Ѫɣֻʯǵͬһ㱻Щеֱո1ӱֱӱɢ
ʯǿľװﶼǻеĶ֣ӸӲһֲֻеĶ֡
ξʯǳķ֮󣬾ʯǳϵͳȫ
50ƿس֮ͳ˧350ֱķȥ
ȡ֮ʯǾһƬ֮С
һ·֮ĵͳͳ350ֱܵնɱûɱ°ķͽֻҪҲɳֱնɱ
λھʯǵλãһȺұҪ޴ľͳǱǱĳǽߴʮףǳǽ֮վ˺³Ӿһִľ˽
Χ֮ڿޱȣûκľͽ
350ܵһӽֵ֮гֻ׵ľӾʯֻ֮һ3ֱܵӽǵײŤ飬ˤڵ޷
ĵ˿ûбǾŵޱǾʯȥ
ӽʯǽ֮ʱǽ֮һ³֡
ļЩеȥ
ЩеֽЩǵļʸֱӲһЩʸ˵ǵҲֱӱɿֻʿĹƾ豬ĿֲֻʸеಿλֻǻеҪಿλֻеĻеಿλֻʸޱĳ嵽˾ʯǳǽ֮¡


14 ݾʯ
Ż۵ʿѧͽڳ˳ǽ֮ϡʿѧͽǺ³ӾѾ˼εʿѧͽ
δ½֮Уʿ޾ȨƺͲƸʽʿᱻһЩǿʿٻʽʿֻЩǿ۹Ĵпһʽʿ

һʿѧͽһһָʩչһ0Ϸ
һеһֱӵ˵ϡ
һеֲֻ˲ǻеϽǻеƬ
ɵ
һʿѧͽһһָһöɵͬӵһеȥ
һöɵһºеؿڣеõ˼ؿ΢΢ȥ
ֻǻеһΣӰļǰȥ
0ϷɵһͿشһʿǿߣǻеĻ˺󡣷ʿǿߵնԻев
Һ䣡
һʿѧͽһָһҺֱһеϡ
ͬ˺ݺݵĽһŨһ㣬ǻеɢҺʴÿӿݡͨ౻Һһϰᱻʴʹսǻеȴ˿ûκηӦȻ档
Һ䣡
Һ䣡
Һ䣡
һĸҺ˻еϲŽǻеͷȫʴڵ
ʿѧͽʵ̫ˣȻǺ߼ܻеȴǻеֱӳ嵽˳Ǳ·
һܻеһǱ·Ͻսڱ˫ָ߾١һеֱ˫֮ϣȻ˫ָ߾١һеظľٶѸٵγݡ
һеޱȵ֮ԾǳǱ֮ȥ
ɵ
ʿѧͽֻܹʩչ0ϷƾɵǿһеӰ֮л䡣
ֻǻе̫̬һе֮󣬵ڶĻеֱ˳ǽ֮ϣӶеĺϽսųǽ֮Ͼʯսʿݺնȥ
ȥһʿؼֳ־޽ʿŭХһǿӲ͵Ϯһնһеͷ­֮ϣǻеͷ­ֱնɡ
ؼ׵ʿûüܻеֱȥʮ޴ĺϽսݺնȥ
ʿ似ǿᣬȴסϽս㱻ĺϽսֱն顣
ǳǽ֮һʮʿĸ֣ʮʿĸǴĻеΧ֮£ܿͱն顣Ȼʿѧͽں渨ЩʿĸȻסĻе
ʮʿĸȫս֮󣬳ǽ֮ϵսʿǱʿȫɢġ
ʿѧͽûüߣͱЩֱΧסն飬ֻǵͷ­
˶Ͷ
һЩеһնɱЩһߴؽе
ǾʯǳǱսʿ󲿷ֶǺ³Ӿ˽սҳ϶ȶԶԶЩʯǵͨӡֻвѡͶûͶеֱնɱ
³Ӿֻһʿĸ֣Χ֮ºܿͱնɱ
ʯҲС
ʯǵĴǳʯĻûͻΧ뿪˾ʯǡǾʯ֮ڴĹҲЯŴĽϸžʯȥ
ݾʯʧĻеʮܡ
ռ˾ʯֱ֮ǲһֻֻеǰȥʯǵ
Щʯǵ塢׾ٵıĻеŹݣ֧Щ塢Ҳֱӱնݳһ
رУһ棬Ĺ̻˱ǲȥ̫ɡͱ
ʯǵΧ֧֮һ±ȹȥһٱϡʯΧĿԴḻֻҪ豸ϣÿսǹȥʮϡ
Ҵ̫ɡĽѾ治ȱ̭4սˣ67սˡ
67ս˲Ŀǰܹǿսˡ֮ǰ֮Իѡ4սΪǸʱȱվʯ֮͵ˣ㣬㡣
ݾʯ֮ĵڶ죬ѾϵĻеź֮Сڵķƽ
Ӻ³ӾԴ鱨ʾ֮СݵһһٶϹΪ֮СʿŲѶ޹ʿŽãһʿеϵ
һ֮СݷԼѰԮٵĵҲͲֻһ֮Сʿˡ
ݾʯ֮УǺ֮СݲļС


15 һʿ
ŴһСʱļоͳ˧Ļеűֱӳ˺֮ǰ
ʱ֮Ѿս״̬űպϣǽ֮ʱսʿѲߡ
ĻеٸոճǺ֮·һӶսʿѸٵ˺֮ǵĸλ֮ϣޱȵԶԶһС
һĨâÿķӦһ·ûгȻܹôӦʿֶιȻ
ɳ΢Ǽź֮ǡոմԼĻе뿪ãǺ֮ǾѾ˷ӦսʿɵԼĸλ֮ϣս׼
Ǻ֮ʿһųһ˿˿Ĺâ
һƱصֱӴӿ˺֮ǵϷγ˴һۣһߵĲΡ
ᶢŻе֮еǺ֮Сݵ˲ᡣֻܾŵˣγƺ
Ǹ֮ҵ仯γһ˵ģԽڶ֮еĲỺ
ʿ֮УӵطһЩ׵ͨһ˵־Ͷ䡣ֶͨ˽еǿǿһʿɵֵ汾岻Ƿϲĵ˵ԣ俹ԣһ䣬ˣҲıԼ
֮ҵǺ֮Сԩ޳ΪʲôҪǣǺ֮СѶ޼áѶ޼岻ӵжʿͬʱ밲ʿѧԺܵĹϵǺ֮СݣѶ޼ΪУ밲ʿѧԺΪУ
ʿѧԺüͷ΢΢һ忪ʼǼʿѧͽԺ֮жȡļ䡣
ڶδ½棬ʿƿһСеĵ۹󲿷ֶʿƿءѶ޹ʿѶ޼ƿء˵Ѷ޼֮оӵһǿޱȵĶʿ
3796ŵһԺ֮𣺡ʿѧԺ֮֮ۡǾޱ԰Ұ֮צ֮Ƕδ½ǿʿš˵֮Уӵдʿ򡣡
ֻǴԵĿһǼʿѧͽļ䣬޷áҲֻ3796ⳬԿɵĽҪĸϵ
ΪʲôҪǺ֮СݣһĨâһЦҪɵĻǿɾͶˣɾǺ֮Сݵס·ˣ
ɭޱȵɱҪʿ֮·ߵøԶҪԴ͸࣡Ѷ޹ԴҿˣᣬҪʶʱڳңҿԸһõλá򣬽ɣΪ̤ʿ֮·ĵһ̤ʯ
ʿǶδ½֮жĳȻڣÿһʿӵг֮ľǣһΪһʽһʿͿӳꡣʿӳ꣬ʿİꡣһ׳ΪʿԴﵽһǧꡣ
ҪΪһʿΪѡȾҪӵʡһ˵ʿõӵʿʵļҪͨ˴öࡣҲ˵֮еӵʿʵ˼ʽϴ󡣳֮⣬ʿҪѧϰָ֪ʶÿһ֪ʶֵơͨƽ죬һҪ˵ı˷֣п̤ʿ֮·
Ϊϲĵ˵ԣԼʲϣ첻첹ʲ㣬ҲֻܹúԴӵѶ޹Դ֧֣пܽ׳Ϊһʽһʿ
ΪԴ޴۵ģ
һЦ´
400ܵȻһѸٵź֮ǵķӶȥ
أ
Ǻ֮ʿУһָʩչһһ
ʮ׸ߵʿ֮ϹâһһǿصȻ˺֮ǵǰ
Ǻ֮ǵǰһ³һƬ׵ľ޴
ԭһûôֲЧ޷˲۳һƬ׵ľ޴󡣲ʿļӳ֮£ܹγ漣
δ½֮һϵûкϴλ׵ľҪȥսһʿ֮еʿֻǰװ
ͻȻڽµ400ƲһЩǾ޴֮УӲסᶨ³š
400ܻеԽ³Խ졣ûжãȫû֮ڡ
400ܻеû棬ǳǽ֮ϵսʿ󻶺֮
ҲһĨ˷֮ɫ૵̫ˣʿ̫ǿˣ
־̤ʿ֮·˵ʿԽǿԽǸȤ


16 е
Ǿ޴ؽ400սȫ֮صֱţָ
10ףļ𣿲ᣬµĿܿɲֹһ㣡һЦӻ֣100ܵһΣѸٵ400ܵɵĵطȡ˾޴שͷһ´˵棬ʼھƻŵ棬Ҫµ400ܵڳ
ϾֻһʿȻʿһҲֻܹЩս10ҡ
࣬10ףǶڵ˵ǽֻǱ˵£޷ȴûбƻ
ڳǽ֮ϣһٴ
һܼܾ޴Ͷʯ˳ǽ֮ϡ
һֻֻ׵شһֵľ޴ʯ׷100ܻеȥ
һֻһܻеؿֱӽǻеϰ飬䡣
һشһֵľ޴ʯֱһͷеϣǻеҵŤΡ
֮ӵк֮Сһʿ򣬱ȾʯǸԣٱֹǺ֮ϵĸսҲȾʯǶʮϡ
ǸսĴ֮£һܼܻе飬Ρ
濴һҼһеսݻ٣ɫûκα仯Щ4ĻеֻͣҪܹǵĲкֻҪһ¯ܹܿٴα
ٻеֻҪսʤԻջеĲкͿٴµĻе൱ǻеΪˣܹ޼ɵʹûе٣⡣

Ǻ֮ϵսмθԴ֮󣬴ݻ˴Ļеһָʩչһʿ֮һööͬڵһɳǲдĻеϣǻеһըɷ顣
һܼܻеըķѣǳǽ֮ϣк֮ǵսʿһ´󻶺֮ʿ
ȻʿʿһӵڵһһǶ๦ܵڣҵ΢ˣ
濴ǻеһըɷ飬΢΢һЦ˫ġ
Ĵ֮Уһܼܻе˳
ʮܡټܡǧܡܣܣܻе˳γһһۿȥ߼ʵĻеš
Ǻ֮ǳǽ֮ϵսʿǵɫҲǻеĲϳֶ˱仯еֳųǵ֮ʱɫ԰ףжһĨ֮ɫ
һɫ԰ףЩôܣôôܣ
һɫ԰ף૵ܣһʿܼ۸3000ϣôܣ9000ңһʿѧͽôӵôܣѵԵһʿʿ
ڰеĲῴеӶ͹ˣЩʧ̬ļеôôܣ
ټʿܶʿһʿ˵ǿ׶ԸĴڡʿܣȴ˿ûκΰա
еγ޴˷뻮һࡢСȫһ£·һһ㡣ÿһеŶĬ䣬սʿҪԺԡǽֻվ͸һ־޴ѹȸС

еһɢӲͬķǺֱ֮ӳȥ
أ
ɫȻѸٵʩչһıεķ
ʿ֮һ±һǿ˺֮ǰγһƬ޴
һܼܻеսʿֱ棬Ȼ߾˫֣³γһƽ̨Ĵڡ
󷽵Ļеǲǰеγɵƽֱ̨ǰ档
ͷŵһطΧΪϾֻһһʿطΧȾԵһ㣬ֻ10סֻҪܻеܹ֮γһŵƽ̨
Щеӵǿļ׼ޱȵĲһƽ̨ѸٵԾһ޴ޱȵأ嵽˳ǽ֮¡
Щеһǽ֮£ѸٵĴһݡ
ǽ֮ϵĺ֮սʿǽͷ׷׵ȥЩеϣȴûκЧ
һͰͰسǻҲ㵹һֻ˻֮УһγһƬƬ޴ĻЩеϡ
ǻ𺣵ķ֮УЩеȻΪǻ¶ȴﵽڻĵزǾͻͬһ㲻κζҡ


17 ħ
еĹЩеûκЧֻһЩʿǿ߾޴ʯͷʮܻеҵŤΡ
ҲǺ֮սʿǵֿ
ʮһ֮󣬴Ƕʮ֮ϣԴԴӿĻе
ȥͳͳȥɣЩĿܣһֳ׾޽ųһٹʿؼ׵ĴʿŭХһ嵽һܻеǰӶ׳Ŀֲ޽һնǼܻеϣӲĽǼܻеնء
һʿ߸ŰʿγһСͷӶſֲľ޽޽֮ЩеǱɣǱնء
ʿߵİʿǻסʿͺ󷽣ԲΧķԼʵ
ֻʿıҲֻǻƻµϦôƴɱǳǽ֮ϵĻеԽԽࡣ
Щ֪η壬ޱĻеӶž޴ĺϽսͨսʿ֮һѪ籩
ǳǽ֮ϣѪɣͬʱ֮սʿǵĲҽ֮
һֻһֻӱǻеɱñֱɢ
ûйãǳǽ֮ϣͽֻʣֻɴʿͳ˧ʿСӻ翹
ӴĻеֱʿ֮ķֳͦһǧеֻʿСΧס
Ͷɣңǻһ·ȻһеĻеϳֻʿСӵ
ʿǿ֮УҲʮϡ١һǧ֮ͨвпܵһʿǿߡֻʿСǺ֮ǵľڣͶ潫ڶ֮߻ʮַ㡣
ޣĹȥʺɣһĿֳ־޽ĴʿһĨǻе³һĭ
ǻеһСӣȫɱˣ
ټܻеͬʱһ˷ŰԼµԱֱ˹ȥ
ͻΧһŭХӶеĴһ޼Żе˹ȥ

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ͬһʱ䣬һҵ֮ͷһֻһֱ׷սѾԴԴϵĻеսʽֱն顣
ʱ䣬صԱͱЩеȫնɱԱƴҲݻܻе
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дʿһĻжӿһɺ⡣֮ǿĴʿǿ߶ױǻеսʿǾ翹Ҳȫȥֻ·һ
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ӴĻеһ·ǰ֮΢ĵֿͳͳ飬ܿɱʿ֮ǰ
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ǻеһ֮֮ǰ׵ķΧ֮ڣһٶ0Ϸһºǻе֮нʮܻеɵ
ʿڶ֮Уվ˺֮Сеʿѧͽ֮ࡣһٶʿѧͽǺ֮Сݵм
ʿӵǿЧһٶʿѧͽʿ֮ҲܹӳȺüһʿս
ʮܻеɵ֮ǲдӴе˿Ӱ죬Ȼʿȥ
ʱʿŴ򿪣߸ߴ7ףֳѳ6׿ֲ޽ĸħܴʿ֮д˳
߸ħһ֣ɺ챦ʯɵ˫֮кӶо޽Щеݺնȥ
һܻееĺϽսԼǰǸħľ޽صնǻеĺϽս֮ϣӲĽǻеͬǺϽսֱնŤ顣



߸ħʿ֮նɱЩеʿϷһٶʿѧͽʩչһЩ0Ϸǿһͷħս
ǸħʿķѪƶսսһʿһܹܸ״̬ļӳ֣ǿޱȡ
߸ħһֱӻһֻ˵ǧ˾ӡ
ʿϷʿѧͽǲϵø0ϷЩеЩе޷Χ߸ħ
߸ħսֲޱȣһɰǧͷĻеΧҲֻ·һ
Щеȫûʿԣɱ٣ֻҪֹͣǾͻ᲻նǰ


18 ħ
һܻеʿ֮ǰʿһָ֮һһϸС̣εʿ֮ϡȻ˫ֽ棬ʮݵǹ⻬ʿʿȥ
߸ħǣס˲ٻеĻеȴǴֱʿϷȥ
ĻеͬһʿϷȥ֮
ʿ֮ʿѧͽһĻɫ԰ףһĨ־֮ɫ
ЩʿѧͽҲܹٵˡͬǻеӴĹȺȴһҲûмʶʩ˶ٻеͻиĻеɱ֮ĸоȫ
ɵ
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ʿڶĸڣĸڵʿѧͽ̲ס־޴ѹ׷ʩڻеϣǻеһһ䡣
һ߾߻еֱ׹䵽ֻ֮ҪоƬûбݻ٣ٴѸٵʿȥ
ʧȥʿѧͽǵϷ֧Ԯ߸ħһ±ټܻе˵ķʽΧ
֧ʮغϣ߸ħ㱻ټܻеֱ֫⣬˵ϡڵ֮ǰҲƻ˳һʮܵĻе
߸ħһأĻеӿʿ֮ǰһЩе˺Ͻս˫һͷݺݵĴʿĴ֮ϣתʿ֮ϴ򶴣һЩеǻӶԼеĺϽսݺݵնʿ֮ϣնһһǳǳ˺ۡ
ԶԶĿǻеΧʿľӿһ˿ɻ
ʽһʿһֱûг֣֪ЩʲôֵĻҲԶƻټܻе
˵㼸ǧܻеƻֻҪܹʤ㸶ۡڱ֮л¯һ£ЩеͿٴǵʮִĽЩеĲкҲһͬߣɱһ߻е

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ߵĻе׷ǻײȥ
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޴ıը֮ϣһ߾߻еǾ޴Ļֱըɷ顣
һЦնжȷʵһ⣡ϧҪնɱңûô򵥣
𣡸֮ҵȥɣ
Ǿ޴ıը֮Уһ䱩Űһž޴ĺȻӿ˲佫ͬΧİ˰ٻеһͬС
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ʱѾΪһߴףƤʺɫһԶħǣһԶħ֮ĺɫħ
3796ŵȡϴݵԺУħѪʿ֮еһطֲͨħѪʿöħǿ
ħһǿޱȵĹͼĶħӵпһʿǿսǲǿᣬӵǿʩ츳һЩʿϲֲħѪѸٵıʮǿ֮;ӵ˳
Ѫʿʿֲ֮ѪڣǸǿһʿһʿһֲɹһǿѪͻӵһǿǸʿ֮׻ǿһࡣΨһȱһֲѪݣͻб跢Σա
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Ǳը̳ûȫɢȥټܻеһѸٵķӶ̳֮С
ãټܻеŻޱȵĲӱը֮˳


19 ݺ֮С
һ˳Ų̾ȻûħȻǿ󣡡
ʱˣ˫۽գѪֹؿȴȻȻû֮һЩϸС˿ڣȴѾʼϡ
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ܵƵĻеǿޱȣһʽʿҲܹΧɱǿֲĻеΨһ汾һ汾еžͻֱӱ
ΪˣŲұԳս֮ϡҲҺ㹻Ѿˡ
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һʿѧͽһӣһ·ųһֻɫľ޴죬һǾ޴ıϣͷ޴շȥ
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ܹʿѧͽ׶ξܹеٻʮϡ٣ʿ֮ҲֻһʿѧͽӵС
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ʿһ䣬־֮ǶСɳеǰ֮ǵĸάնɱһгûٵıͽ
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֮λڷѶ޹вֻҪ˺֮ǣͿ׿ƾʯǡľҳǡɽǡγǡ
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Сʱ֮һ벨ῴȥһģһ˳ǰ
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޷ʩչЩʧ̾һ
һЩʿʩչķޱȣֻʿֶβֵܹеĻеǿޱȣһһܹʮϣһǿһʿΪĻİȫŻб֤
ʵʿ֮ڣжٸµķ壿
ʿϲԼʿ沼÷壬ûеõǳϵһʿ͵ԣ˷ֻ·һ
жʮԻɱһʿķ塣һʮԻɱʿѧͽķ塣Щ壬ֻҪǲȥǣͿֱȥ
ΪʿҲһҵʣ
δ½˶ܹΪʿǱֳΪ9
1ʾͼķʡʵˣûǿıÿһʿŵ˶գΪʵ˾Ϊһʿѧͽʮѡ
2ʵ΢һ㣬ֻҪŬѧϰҲȻпܳΪһʿѧͽҪʿȻʮѡ
3ʵٺһ㣬ֻҪƴŬҲпܳΪʿѧͽʿ֮е۾ˡ
4ʵʿͨƴŬĻһϣΪһʿ
5ʵһࡣƴŬԵֲĻбȽϴϣΪʽһʿ
6ʵһࡣֻҪкõ㹻ԴȫɽΪһʿ
7ʵڳһֻ࣬ҪӵкõԴ΢ȱҲԽΪһʿ
8ʵڹһšֻҪһʿʲôԴȱһֱʿʲôѡ
9ʵ˶Ǵ˵֮еֻҪһӵͻûڵ˵Уÿһʷ֮Ŀֲ
ڶδ½ʽʿ󲿷ֶ456ʡ6ʵʿʮϡ١᱾Ҳֻһӵ5ʵʿ


20 ʯ
˹ǣˣ
ܿһ͸ɫ벿λӡһŰɫˮˮһе˽
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ᲢҩʦȻҲͨҩѧֻܹƻҩѧĻҩǿʵҩûơ̳ңҲֻܹƻҩ޷һҩǿʵҩ䷽ҲڴУļûҩ䷽
ЩڴʵΪһʿõĵ·ѡ񣿡
һʽһʿڶδ½Ѿ泬һꡣļʶԶԶ档һʽһʿߣ·һС͵ٿȫ飬·
һʽʿӵе֪ʶԶԶʿѧͽ˵ʽʿʿѧͽ֮Ĳǵ
ʿѧԺ֮֮ۡǾޱ԰Ұ֮צ֮Ƕδ½ǿʿţҲӵʿеʿšУʿѧԺĻΪȫ棬ѧΪš밲ʿѧԺлǿʿС
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˵ˣӵһӽʯпıһ鱦ʿ֮·кܴİ
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ڲļ氲ʿѧԺ֮֮ۡǾޱ԰Ұ֮צ֮Ƕδ½ǿʿű½ǿӰӡ
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Ѫصڷһ͸ˮ衣͸ˮ֮ϰڷһöŸ·ĵľѡ
Ѫطڹһ˿˿ѪɫϢڶûǾ֮ڡһöҲ·һ޴һ㣬ʱʱķһÿһ𣬹㳡ھͻһС͵
ǲӽʯ֮Ūı׼ԼԼޡΪ˷ее̳ɱ1376ŮѪ׼ʽ׼ʽѾɣʣµľﶩԼٹ죬ͻʽƿǳ
һʽʿܹѱԼޡûκʿĻ޷ʹֶǩԼ


21 ȦԲ
ڲļ֮УʹʿǩԼ֮⣬һǾһѴʮ죬ÿ첻õСʱҪÿ50ϵѪҺѽн֮ϵټϼ̳ܹĻСӵʽһʿ֮󣬾ܹɵ֮ǩԼΪԼޡ
겨˵ĻﲻһΪ˷һѣȻɱ1376Ůúݶļһ
ûʵʿ˵ϡ¡ɵʵ鶼Ҫʵܹ׼ȷȫݡڴ󲿷ֵʿУ˾һĴڡڽʵĵڶʳڼǵڸַĽʵ顣ħһĴоǵڶʳһνʵ֮еĲڶʳҲǻħС
βʹĽѵ֮δ½ĿǰѾֹģɱƽʵ顣ʹõ1376Ů1000ǴӸūǸ׸ʹЩūʵ飬ΥʿƶķɡҲԻܵһЩϵǴʮأ̳˵¡ʿҲֻһܹ˵ء˵
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ڶʳѾȥ˽꣬ӡŸƷĽʯ鶼Ѿʮϡ١ܹõһʯҲǼԶǽʯеִ˵Ҳӵʮ־˵оֵ
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һĻЩʿѧͽһŵг˿־壬Ŀڿ־ħһ
һЦװͶңȻûɱ˼ǵ뷨ɫԲر


22 
һ֮СݵʿѧͽսսĴǺɫȦɫͷֻԴըѣ˶˵ͨ˿顣
Щ⣡һΪ֮лһ˵Դըѡû뵽ǶԺ֮Сݵҳֻôһ㣡
ʿѧͽһĨ֮ɫ
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ʿѧͽڵϹѾ˶Ժ֮Сݵں֮Сݰˣֻȥһ·ԸΪЧ
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23 
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2006507ܱ1006ǹ307ڱγɵĴ󲿶Ǻ֮ߡ
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һڰ˵ĻеֱӴԶѸٵһС֮ǰ
Ϊ׵һܻеֱӻӵնǼСľݵķ֮ϣСľݵķֱն飬ڳ˽ȥ
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һöѵԱߴһ̣һ߸һöѣһת˴طԼľÿޱȣȻԼľ񲨶˹ȥ
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3796ŷûʽȥȻ˻ɰ׳ջķڴڼ䣬λڵһС
һصĲѸٵĴеıʼҹתŸս˱Ҫķ֮⣬һֻֻеŴפصĵطѸתƣǰ֮Ǵ


24 Ѷ޹ľ
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һۣӥǣĿܵλ֮Ŀ֮г˱ϸ۵ӱǷѶ޵󹫡
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ЩеܾǵĲ𣿡
ĻеܾſǿɱĿֲڣǵĻеܾţôܵסǣ

ǵʣеĴɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣ۷׷ס
˴ʿ֮УڶʿǳֽʵǳƸرҲ֮Ϊرеܾرһǿսڵʱ򣬵ĻеܾҲսλ棬λֱɱ˲֪λ顢ħ
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Ҳþš˵ĻеܾţĻеܾҲѾûжǻõ鱨ЩеĿǰֻʣʿսҴ󲿷ǽսĻеܣӦһЩдƷҲôױֻ֡ҪѪսʿţȫ׼ǡ
ѪսʿţǣӦÿԼЩеܣ
ֻʿĿܣȫõģ
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Ѷ޴󹫻ħ֮֮ۡҲͬǽˣһҵҪȨ10ħʯ䵱ѡ
ħʯһӵᾧһ׼СħʯֱԼһʳָָڴСѧʽ϶õħʯֱħʯҲʿ֮еļλһħʯļ۸100ң൱20ͭҡ10ħʯ൱1000ң20ͭҡʾ޿Ѷ޴ҲҪȨܹ
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һ֮󣬷ѶܵٿԼٶͨ˵10ħʯ鰸
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ѪɽλڷѶ׶Ա100ҵһƬ޾ɭֵĹɽѪɽȫڷѶ޼壬Щ÷Ѷ޼ϵ֮⣬κһѪɽͻᱻֱӴ
ѪɽΪḻÿһѶ޼嶼ԴѪɽþ޴ĲƸ
Ѫɽһ׸ɽ廷Ƶɽ֮ڣ鲼ŴССĶѨʱʱһͷͷչߴʮףͬѪȾһ㣬ŷľ޴ǶѨ֮зɳ


25 Ѫʿ
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ѪսʿһսţŵĳԱ5000ˡÿһѪսʿŵĳԱʿϵĸ֡ѵһĴʿʿǿҲ١ѪսʿŵųѶϸһʿ
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Ѷ޹Ϸһֱߴһ׵ľ޴ħ̺ħ̺֮վħ֮֮ۡѶ޼ʿ


26 籩
ˣҵĻеܾţһϲɫСߣÿһС߶Ŷǵģһɫۣӵһۣһ׸ӳ
źɫӵһ۵Ӿħ֮۵Ķʿᡣ
Ǵһۣһɫ鼮𷢱ۣòӢӳѪսʿųЩܣ
ӾǷѶ޼ĶʿᣡҲʿ֮ǿĴڡֻӵͳ˧
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·ʿѧͽһ·ʩչ0Ϸ״̬ϷӳЩѪʿŵսʿϡ
ѪʿŵսʿԼǿµĳ˼ӳ֮սʱһٴηա
ЩѪʿŵսʿǺܿɵǻеϷֱ·ͶһööƴСը
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Ѫʿŵĺը֮£Щ4еȻܣǱը֮ûκޱǷѶ޹Ĵȥ
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ʮڵһ֮仯γʮＸʮ׵١
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ʿ֮ʮŻһʿһΪʿܹڶʱ֮ڱһǿзһķһһҲʿһһʿҪԭ
ѪʿΪܹ׼ɱ4еɵñȽϵͣγһϺõİӡ1ǹķɨ֮£һǧͷѪʿŵսʿǿֲĻֱ˺˷顣дѪʿսʿƴշȥ
ῴһǧѪʿŵսʿɵжڵѪҧгݵһ䡣
ѪʿŵսʿǷѶ޼СʿԷѶ޼ĹÿһѪʿŵսʿĵԴͬһǵСĻƽһʧһǧսʿѪʿѾԪ


27 Ԥ
Щ4ǹǽЩѪʿŵսʿƵ֮תǹڣħ̺֮ϵʿɨ䡣
ҫӵͬһʿȥ
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ħ̺ǰȻһŤػǹӵһŤ֮ϣŤֱӵɿ
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üͷȥɣȥҵľܿᱻĴ
ʿ׵ʩչһǶʿľҲ޾ʿԽʿӳֲͬеƳʿʵȲʿ֮еĲᣬȥҲֻ·һ
Ŀ·һۡ
ʧȥյѪʿսʿըը4еѾһӵϣһɫն֧顣
ЩʿѧͽѾ׷׳֣ʩչ0ϷиЩ4еս4еʵ̫ˣЩʿѧͽȻƴŬʩչ0ϷһɫȻն֧顣
ٹãЩеͻɱѶ޹֮Сӵ1ʿİЩѶ޹ľҲԲЩ4еĶ֡
ЩеֻʣһֻҪûлó˵Ȼսˡսʿһ˳ˣͻֱӱ
ղķüͷһǳɣʿѧԺԮ֮ҵҲûʲô£Ļеܾʵ̫ǿˡ
ʿʵԶԶһʿǿ󡣶ѲĵطǼƲͻѡߡ
һ˴ѾӵΧɱʿǶʿվ뷲˴ɱǶʿѡնжҲѡλսҲ¶еֶνǷ˴ɱ
ղķؼƲ˳֮ġɲԸΪ˼ħʯԼҲȥ
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Ԥϵͳʿϵͳ֮ΪһϵдԵľռʿʿࡣռʿʿԤϵǿʿʮּѣҪӵг׵츳ԼԴ̿Ŭܹɹͳǿʿ֮⣬ԤϵʿҲв٣ɾͶǺܴ󣬺ԤķҲʮϡ٣ÿһŶޱȡ
ղķһЦҪϵһر֮
ƤһĶס˿֮ϴŵһɫֻ
رʿ֮ʿʹǿƳΪӵг֮ߡÿһرʮرܹķϵرޱȡ
ر֮ǿõķرҲǷѶ޼֮õر֮һ֮ͨ£һһԤľܹһһرѾʮˣղķһԤ֮ڳû١
һԤܹԤԶʿķλҵǶʿѧϰԤĵֿԤľǷһš
Ԥף˸޷ֻֿҪһԤһ˳ǶһЩӵгֵ֮򣬷޴Ρ
޷ԤʿȴӵиֵԤֶԼرȻӵǿ󴫳еʽʿܹӵеԤֶΡһԤڶʿϣϲκЧ
ղķһЦᣬ㲻뻻Ǿˣǳ˺ˣٲˣĺڰپҪɱˡ
Ŀ֮ҧгݵȡԼֵ֮ղķأãһ
ղķؽӹֻ֮һЦȡһŽɫľӸ˿ᡣ
ӹһŽɫľᣬӴľһ¹עǽɫľ֮ڡǽɫľһҫһɫĹâγһͷֱָ֮ǵʿ
ʿ֮ڡ
͸ʾĻǽɫļͷ΢΢һʲô
˵ԤˣѾԤԤЧʧȥ֮ǰλᱻʩ֪ĿǰûжԿֶΡҪļܹӦԤĻ


28 򱬶ʿ
һĨ˷ܵĹâԤɹˣζҲֻһһʿֻǺ˻˵еܾŵĲдƷǰѹʿȥɵ
ղķء˶ͷͬã
ὫʿΪѹ֮ǵʿȻܹûʿĸ֮ҵɱ
ʿ߶ħ̺ʿѸٵķȥ
4ǹɨ䡣ǿֲĽĻ󲿷ֱգֻвӵʿЩеӵҲŤŤֱ֮ƫ˵Զ
ʿڿսķѶţʮӱ˺֮ǵϿգֱʿֱӷȥ
ῴһߵʿһĨһЦ֮ҵˣ
ʿΧɱһԤһʿһʿʿ棬Ҳһ
Ȼ֮䣬һƬƬϷֱӴ򿪣¶һڶڿڡһ˲֮䣬Ǻ֮ʿΧγһոءһո棬37.5׵ĸߴǧš
ãŤܣһ·Ȼ֣ͬһĸӿһ˿ԤУ˲䷢һһͬʱϵһرһ
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ڴ̶ĺ֮˲쳹֮ǣڰֵĳ֮һֱɡ
ÿһöڵڵ൱һһȻ󲿷ֵĻڵգȻгǧһĻڵһŤ֮ϣһһŤ˲顣ֲĻڵֱ˿ʿ֮ϡ
˶һ˲伤һһķһһķֱӱ
ԼǿֲĻڵ˺ɷ顣
ղķڼڵ˺֮ǰڷһѪΪһŷĿĦߣűһĲ˲֮ʧ
ᷢܣƾǴֵܵסڵ롣
֮䣬кɫ鼮Ѹٷҳһźɫҳ֮зɳһʨյĳ˿ı
һʨյĳ֮ͷҲصתֱӷȥڵĺ֮£޷ʿ֮

ողϺɫĳ´
ټ6ǹѸٵĵλγһȫ渲ǵС;˲³޾Ļո
6ǹļٶȡ׼ȶԶ4ǹǾʽһ½ȫ֡
ۿ㣬ǻڵڵҧסһγɵķֱѡ
ʮ֮󣬿ͱǿֲڻȫɣ֮е䡣
濴ſᱻǷջ˺ɷĬĬʿȻǿҪ湥ҵķҪҲǳ˵Ρֻдʿǿϴʿпܹƺ֮ǡһҪȫɹ֮󣬴ʿҲþ¡ǴʿϵǿߣһҪҲֵסұ̫ױһĹϵɵ
ӵǿеŵΨһı塣ıʽֻͨ˵ˮƽδ½ȴײĴڣһũֻҲǿöࡣһ䡢߲ķֻ·һ
ϧһʿǹһĴڡЩϧ
ӵг˹ܲݵǧŸڵܼ֮£Ȼܹѡȫչֳ˶ʿǿͨͱƬˡ
ʧˣ֮ҵĻеܾűҪǿöࡣħ֮۵
һޱȻħ֮۵ʿʿѧͽԺ֮ħ֮۵ʿǶʱɫ䣬ѸٵĽһݵĽ֮սԶȥ
ħ֮۵ʿһԭ᧿Σսһͬѩһ
4еħ֮һķֱɱ˽ȥֱɱ˷Ѷ޴֮ڡ
ûʿ֧ԮǷѶ޵ķ˴Щ4еĶ֣ȫǱ4еɱ
ɱһᣬǷѶ޵ķ˴ħ֮۵ķʼͬˮһ˶ȥ
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Ѷ޼ʿ֮ʿҲսĻѸٵĳս
֮еѪʿҲֱӴշƬս
ʧȥЩмѶ޵ķ˴ȫɢʿǻеΧɱ֮£ɢʿѡͶ


29 ɺֲ֮
Ϸǰʮ͹ԼһٸСɵ˹СֻһС
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ʿѧԺʥֳҲϷǰ֮Ψһһ˿ľͳС
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üͷвţ⣬ʿѧԺȻûнӼң¾Ҫΰĸ֮𣿡
׵ִʥֳѾʮ죬ʮ֮ڣʿѧԺ˸ûӴ·ȫһ㡣Щ
һʿѧԺ¶Ҫɵ鹹ĸ֮ҵô׵ĴͻʮΣաֻ۰ôˣʥֳ֮ڵʱϾ̫̣鱨̫٣Ϊ
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״ˣǰףְԼؿڣ΢΢ſһ
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֮ǰĴҲֻһʿܹʿȻʮ𾪺ͼʿɲС˵ܹĴڡ
΢Цûɺֲ֮Ĵˣ
ƽһô״·ɣ
ڿ׵Ĵ֮£ֱʥֳһڡ
һ̤֮ڣͿһɢſֲƵĶʿλ֮ϣһɺɫʿۣߣȥԼġʮ꣬һͷӡ
һӵ۾һ𣬷·𿴵ҫޱȵ̫һ˫۾ʹ˵궼Ϊ֮𶯣ѡ
ÿֲʿʵֲ̫ˣͷг𺧺Ϳ־塣ʮɺֲ֮ҪκֶΣһܹɱʿѧͽǶδ½֮ʿʵ
һԵĶʿһӣһʺɫĹâ˰׵ϡ
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ײΰĸ֮ҵǰϣܹȡѶ޹³˹ΪµĹ̳󹫹ȨΪΰİʿѧԺЧΰĸ֮ҵ˿չʾֻҪͷͬ⡣ǿһ֮ڴݻٷѶ޵еֿ
һ֮ڴݻٷѶеĵֿôĿ
Ҳܹһ㣡ᡢᶼˣղķҲˣ˵嶼ˡ
ȻҪ·Ѷ޹³˹ҵθڻһѶ޹ܵõȻҪ³˹̰ļһ

˰׵Ļ֮еĶʿǶʼСš
֮ŷĲЩʿĻﰬ׸
ܣѶ޹³˹ܽǡ
΢΢ЦʿѧԺλ˲Ը⽫󹫹ǣҵ˸˵ǾֻܹѡͶҰ֮צˡҰ֮צλ˻֧ǽ󹫹¡
Ұ֮צͶҰ֮צĻ鷳ˣ
һﾹȻҪͶҰ֮צǻ쵰

֮еĶʿĵŰףг˷ŭ
Ұ֮צǰʿѧԺУ˫֪ɱ˶£ʿ˫С˫ǲɻ֮ҵȻҪͶҰ֮צʱǳ˷ŭɱ
һ±ñޱȴһ˿˿ɭޱȵɱвң
׵ֻ˵һܰˡ


30 ʯѩ
ŲĹҰڷѶ޹Ѷ޹ҵѡĻҲϣҵƴΰĸ֮ҵմֻҪѶ޹Լ³˹纣ǽͬ밲ʿѧԺɳΨһѪ׼밲ʿѧԺʿ֮ͬʱΪػǰʿѧԺǣֻҪڣôҰ֮צǿ߾;޷УϷǰˡ
ҵȻܹܷѶ޼壬ͶǰʿѧԺǽһǿ
УѶ޼ǰʿѧԺĸ壬Ǽ屻ļô룿ᶯҡǰʿѧԺͳΡ
Ѷ޼뱣סǰʿѧԺͳθͻᱻҡ

֮жʿǽżҵֶۡʿҵ밲ʿѧԺΧֶʿҪѶ޼塣
ĳһỺѶ޼ЩǰʿѧԺĹûг̫©ǲܷǡ纣³˹еĺ۳УҲܹǡɣ
ʿ֮Ǳɱһ˻֮涼ûпеŵǿѾðʿѧԺʮӡȻԲѪ¶һ˿Ͷ֮ҲòȨ
ٴһȻĿǰΪ磬Ѷ޹ٸýɳǡľǡҫʯУ⳥ʮħʯʮƿܹıʵĻҩôҿȰ˵ΰĸ֮ҵ˽ǵ밲ʿѧԺǲΨһѪ׼밲ʿѧԺʿ֮
ҿڡʮƿҩԽһ3ϵʵʿѧͽ4еʡ
ҩȻܹ֮ǰʿѧԺʮֵã

֮еĶʿ۷׷סմ󲿷ֵĶʿǶͬӦ׿
ǴӦˣĿһƣ˶ʿ֮һ뷢԰׵ϣȶԼǰ֮֮ǩԼ
ȶŲĹһǣˣ
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꣡
Ǽ̳֮δ֪ѿһ³һѷ졣
澫΢΢һЩ󲿷ʱһֱ̳֮ϾСһȴеڿʼгڴ
˫ֺʮǾ޴дʵҵҪҲߣȻǴӽʯĶǸߴϵĴڡˡͷȮһ޵Ҳˡͷһޣ
ڵڶʿʳЩǿʿλ棬ץǿĴиֽʵ顣ЩС塢رûбʯӡʸΪˣŻǾ޴ڴ
꣡
ڴ֮УǾ޴һ鿪Ǿ޴֮һԼ꣬Ƭδţһͷѩ񣬾Ө͸ʹĿɰСŮ
ôôҰɣ˵õǿԼأ˫ۿǾ޴֮СŮᡣ
汾ŪһǿԼ֮ʿ֮·Ͼͻһ޴ܺǿĴ֡ܳһСᡣ
һֻС˫ۣһ˫峺Ĵ۾Ķ档
濴ֻСһ˫峺ͬڱʯһ۾еİȫһ֮⣺ˣһֻҲ㲻ˡ
δ½֮Уռλ˵ңԶ½֮Ҳӵණֵࡣδ½֮У˻Ǻټӵֻͬһɰòĸϡޱȡ
ֻСһЦһ˫ѩ׵С֡
һ۰ĽС
ֻСһ汧ڻУ㿩ЦȻѩ׵С֣һصӿ
ɢڼ̳ϵһƬ׷׵ķɵֻССЩѵƬϰરવĿš
ÿһƬֻСͻ᳤һ֡
ꡢꡢֻ꣬СѸٵĳ󣬺ܿ쳤һʮ꣬һͷɫ˫Ը˵Ů
濴ֻС򲻶ϵı仯ٴȷǰֻ򲢲࣬һ塣
磬ллҳϲˣ÷·Ǵ֮ͯ߳Ůһ˵Ļ
渧ͬŮĺڷ΢ЦǴʯͷģӵѩһļӽҾͽʯѩɣ
ʯѩһЦţõģ
˫ģ֮һ˱һ׺ɫĸװ˽
ʯѩһ׺ɫĸװ֮һɢһɾ˵Ȼ֮涼΢Ŀĸо


31 ݻ̽۾
3796ŸĲ˽һɫ۾ݸ棺ˣҪݻ̽۾Ѿˣ
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ʯѩԣ1.51.62.13.5
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ȻȻ츳һøСž޴
ʣ8ϵȡ
ۺĿǰ1ӵо޴ĽǱ
˫֮һ±ȵĹâ˷ܵ8ϵȵʣֲ̫ˣǹＶ츳ҵȻûвң
ڶδ½7ʵ߶ëǣǰѵһĴڡ8ϵȵʣǷڰ˴ʿʳʱ֮жΪĴڣʱĳ
ʯѩ·Ӧɨ״̬תͷһЦȻ֮⡣΢΢һЩѳֲס
ƾǿ־ǿнߴʯѩƿмУϲ˵״̬ʵ̫ˣȥԲСһħŮʩչһȻķֻ¾ͻΪԷūˡ
ݻ̽۾֮󣬿ʼڲ˵ָ֮£ʿѧͽ塣
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ûһǿ׳壬޷ѧϰʿ֪ʶǿѧϰָɡͬѪʿҪֲǿѪʿûһǿ׳壬޷ѪֲĳͨһֲǿѪ϶ֻбһ³
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֮һͷ޴ʨź֮Ƿʨ֮ˣǶʿȶ밬ס
ֹӿǽΪֱɱſһ4еͷӿз޴ĵӺϳ
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4е⾫ļª汾ˡΪ׷ٶȣ4еӵкܶȱ㣬ѹʿµͨȫû⣬ǾԸһһʿѧͽʮѡ
״ȶ߳ŵİеǳʹʿѧԺʹ߰ףһλǰʿѧԺʹ߶ʿȶˡǽȥ
4еһ鲼ɨ豸ͨһָʮֱǸ״ˡд̿͵Ĵڣ˭뾭ɨܹ֮ǡǹ߽ɨ衣
תһǸȶˣʮֱǸڲ֮ǰǻѶ޹ս״̬òСĽһһ˰ɣ
ȶЩ죬ȴȻ΢΢ͷŰͨ档
һͨһɨ貨һͬ״һ֮˰ȶϿʼǽȫɨ衣
ȶԣ21.621.930.736.5
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ʿۣ֮
ȶʩչһһʿۣ֮һ޴۾Ȼͷ֮ϣ˷ȥ


32 ȶ
ȶǰ֮ǻһҪ񣬾ҪӺ֮ǵʵʿ֮۵Ŀ֮£ԲľȫȶС
ʱ֮ȻڸĽ׶Σÿһֵһʽݡʽķ֮ӵͦڡͦƽڡһܻܶͣ12.7׵ػǹ
֮Ƕ·һ޴սҪ鲼ָڿڡȶͷƤ΢΢Щ顣
ȶʵһŻڸ޷ֺǰšǧŻͬʱӵĻҲᱻƬ
ȶͨʿ֮һ߹۲֮ǣһĬĬԺ²֣Ѫֲ֮Ĵ˴Ҳѹ֮ǡ֮ȷʵ˲ֵڻеܾŵĴС
һֵȶ˽ʿֱʿһ֮ڡ
Ǹ֮ҵȶӭĵһŷƤ۵Һ̬Ŀλȶ΢΢һЦ
ҵվŰ˼7սˣֱļ77ǹ7ܱ
˼7ս˵ȫҵܵʱѸٵֳǰ˼7սԭ׸ߵľսˣֻΪܹʿ֮ɵжڽʱֱӽСΪ3׵̬һǵս˲٣Ȼӵлɱ7Ŀֲʵ
ȶֱȡһ̶õԼݸ˰ףãҵǰʿѧԺȶʮָˣ̶֮Լ飬û⣬ǩ֡
ǰһԼ齻ҵ
ҵϸĶһԼ飬ûпκ©֮ǩԼ֡
ȶ㿴ܻеôҵӻ֣7ߵ˴롣
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һָ7һɱ

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ǿĻеܣܻеܵսѾһ۷ʿȶ7ս˫֮һĨ֮ɫ
սʮ֮˫ģ7е˲ֹͣսֹ
滯ҵ΢ЦĿȶ
ȶܻеܵսѾһ۷ʿ
΢ЦҰܻе͸ô
ȶһᣬϵãҪҰʲô
սһ۷ʿĻеܶڶʿȶ˵ҲʮáԸһЩӴĵԼ̽һЩΣյʱֻеٷ㲻
滯ҵ΢΢һЦ˫ģһԻ˳
滯ҵűһָΨһѪ档ʿ֮츳̫ϣڰʿѧԺʱԵõչˡ
ְأȶ΢΢һȶˣ棬֮ҵ˵ֶӡ
ȶǻʵĶʿǰʿѧԺĶʿʵǿޱȡҲԸǿʿǰʧ
ȶתͷ濴һۣ˫һųһɫĹâȫ֡
ʱһ޷޷ƶ޷˼룬˵ȶƿ֮У嶼ھҵĲһɿ־ӣ֫ٺɢȥ
ֲֿĸоʮʧѾˮʪڵĴŴ˫Ȳѣſ־֮ɫ
гͿ־壺ǿǶʿ̫ǿˣǳԽ˷˵ĳǵʱ򣬲ܹеĸоǵĿֲ
ȶüͷһ壬һŻҵֶ츳ֻ1µȡ츳ΪʿѧͽʮѣΪһʽһʿˡ˰ʿѧԺҲѳΪһʽһʿ
΢΢һȶǳ԰ʿͳʿȶӵǿ󴫳еĶʿ֪ûдеĶεʿҪǿٱȶ˵ҪΪһʿʮѣǾʮˡ
滯ҵͳ˼ᶨΨһѪףҲΨһˣ۸ʲôۣҶҪΪһʽһʿҩԸı˵ʣôֻҪܹΪһʿ۶ƿҩҶҪΪŪ֡


33 
СӸòҵ˽ӰɣȶЩƳһг˺档
ȶκҩмޣö˾ͻҩԣʵ̫ˣҩҲֻܹ2ϵȡ2ϵȵʾӵǰʿѧԺĴУҲֻܹ23ʿѧͽҪ1µ2ϵȣҪĻҩҪ50ƿÿƿҩֵ5000ħʯ50ƿҩһҪ25ħʯ
һħʯ൱100ҡ20ͭҡ25ħʯ൱500ͭңľ޿Ҳֻǽ1µ2ϵȡʵ֪֮Ϊˣ֮ˣ̫һҲʿ̤ʿ֮·
滯ҵҲȶϣܹһЩʵҩ䷽ܹչһḶ㹻Ĵۡ
ȶ΢΢һЦʵҩ䷽ÿһŶǼΪĴڡҲֻһʵҩ䷽ѶɺŮ֮ᡣҪ㣬ѶɺŮ֮ǵڶʿҩ䷽϶λزǧǶδ½ûóɹҩˣһҩ䷽ҪĻ븶1ħʯ
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δ½е֪ʶʿŵСÿһ֪ʶͨҪѧϰɾ޶ǮӦħʯ
ȶһſһЩƵֽƬУȻ·һֻʦ֮ץֱӷɵ滯ҵС
滯ҵһҩ䷽ѸٵĽɨݿ棬ʼݺͷ
ȶ΢΢һЦҵֶһڰʿѧԺ澡չˡ
滯ĸ֮ҵܹɱʿĿֲʿǿߣȶȻԸ֮ύ
һЩԸƧʿ֮⣬ʿʮעʿĽͽύ
滯ҵҲ΢΢һЦǾͰˣˣҵֶĿǰڶ壬ʿסһõĴвǺܺãԳʿײû̫õطָһҵֶ𣿡
ȶһӣһ죬һؼУһֻʦ֮ץǱؼֱɵ滯ҵǰħһֱʿĲ֣ʿʳħʳľطӵȻûоλľѪطԶ޷ʽʿħ񹦴ܺãֻҪԸ⻨ԴֶӦÿڽΪһʿѧͽ
Ӱ˴ʿʳ֮ǿޱȵطЩǿޱȵطʱı仯ıֻʣ½áˣħȻԽҴѧţ֪Ҫǿٱ
3796Żţһ޷׳ΪʿǿߡħΪһʿѧͽǹ֮ľ޴ࡣ
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滯ҵħ̫ˣȶҪ֧ħʯ
ȶ΢ЦҴӦҪչֶӡС㲻ʲô
ħȻǵʿʳ֮Ҳ֮ط֮һڶδ½֮УŪľѪžطҲͼֵߡ
ҵֶһСŮѣ츳ʮֳɫΪһǿطһССϣܹϲ滯ҵ˫ģһ7ܱߵ˴롣
һ7һӶֻϽսӰ˸ݺݵ7ܱȥ
7ܱ߾ٶƣһǿ͸˲ֵǰ
7ĺϽսĿ͸֮һȴ޷˺7ֺܱ
ȶ7ܱͷŵһǿ֣˫֮жʱһĨʣ7ܱг˿Ƿȶķֵ֣ķֻ´ﵽ˶۷ķ
ʿ֮УϵرԶȹϵرҪܻӭöࡣһӵпȶĻеڱҪʱܹȶһ
﹦ʿʳħʳʺŮľطһ֮лõططͷϽֻдӻһʿĲ֡ʿϵĲֻ֣֪Ұ֮צʿŮԼѩ׸ĴʿѩŮʿӵС
﹦ҪѪܹĹֶӵСŮҪĻʮѡһŵĹﵽһʿ֮ٸȶһᣬһһؼУȻ󱻷ʦ֮ץסݸ滯ҵ


34 Ѫطͳط
Щڲ˵ָ֮ѧϰʿĻ֪ʶ
ںڰ֮Ѱ׷
ǳʿʳһʿʵʱ֮ԣҲʿǷΪԡʿǵĿǻ
ʿΪ˻㼣鲼λ棬λ֪ʶλѪ졢ʵ顢ʵ顢еܵȵʵ顣
طʿλ֪ʶ󿪴
طַΪ࣬һѪطһͳط
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ͳطͬѪط޴ٶҲþˡֻҪֲǿѪܹסǹǿѪͬԴ£ѪطѪʿٶȿͳʿʮϡ
ѪطҲоԡǾһѡѪֲͻԱһЩǿѪҲнǱһֲǿѪǱľҪٽһͻܵѪƣٽһ
ͳطûƣͳط߶Լط⣬ʱԸһطԼֻͻطȻ޵طȻҪһĴۡ
ħ񹦾һǿѪط﹦һǿͳططȺ֮СӵеطҪǿ౶ر﹦ȻֻһſһʿĹȴѾԳΪһСʿĴط
ʿطʵʿһ֧ʿǿ൱1ʿѧͽʡʿ൱ʿ֮еһʿʡ
˫ԵõԼҪĶһ֮󣬿ʼʿ֮顣
滯ҵв˵ļΪοȶѯһʿ֮֮
ȶһָҵһʿ֮⣬һȷ滯ҵȷʵֻһʿˮƽ
˫̸֮ȶ뿪֮ǡ
֮ʿ֮ڡ
ıһŰëɳ֮ϣһսĿǰѾʱһ䣬Ӯһĺƽʱ䡣ڿԽҪصĽˡ
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վһԵĲ˫һâ֮γһעΧĵͼ
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תһĵĲλ3796ӵдԽʱĿƼȱϣЩǿĿƼﶼ޷ģתܹתΪָĲϡܹģǿսԼĿƼ
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㽨ƶҪؾǴʲô޷ֵĴڣֱӴƶҪֱ·ǸƶҪأ۵ʲôطܹѸٵĶɽ
˽⣡ʽƶҪصԴǶ٣һԴķôҪҪǰһ½͵
гԴϵĽʱ䡣
Դ5ɣҪ3712콨ɡ
Դ6ɣҪ3421콨ɡ
Դ7ɣҪ3012콨ɡ
Դ8ɣҪ2512콨ɡ
Դ9ɣҪ1900콨ɡ
Դ10ɣҪ1221콨ɡ
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ʮ죡ܹ㹻ĴԪˮҾͿڶʮ֮ƶҪء
˾ôԴ5ɺˣ
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3796ŵǣʼھʯǽƶҪء
뿪ǰʿѧԺѧʱͽˡ
û⣡һϸİƶķִС


35 ԭ
ԭǷѶ޹³˹̹󹫹ͨʿѧԺıؾ֮·³˹ء
ԭʮֹ죬޷ֲʳ³˹ҲһũΪĹȣԭ֮нֻмĵطǴܵĵش
ﷸͽ󹫹֮л۶ԭ֮γһɹ׺ˣвǰʿѧԺˡ
Щÿʢʱ򣬰ʿѧԺǲǿʿһءֻЩɱ֮ÿһһʱͻһðɱ֮
Щ˶֮ͽ׺ޱȡ󹫹ÿ궼вǰʿѧԺ;вǵСԭڷУҲһΪΣյĵط
ԭһ֮ϣһֻӴޱȵĳڻǰš
һֻ֮һ500ÿһװֳֿ˻ǳ֮еĻҲ2000ˡ
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һǳ֮лصֻӴĳһֹͣж
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36 ֮
ƻԲһѩ׵ĲͲϰһӶ½ڵϵȴ
㿾ĵáڽСţ⡢ţࡢţβ֥ʿhϺһζݻѩ׵ϵȴ棬ɢζ
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ͣӹݹζ΢΢ʪѩë˲ͣԶȥҲӦõˣ
Ļո£ǻԭϷʮŻεŮʮŮٶ׷ᡣ
Ϊһ΢֣һͷС循ֵļеȾңǰʿѧԺһʿĶӣȾңһ֧Ӧıģ

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ӻ֣ټ༸һģһ4еѸٵǰʮŻεŮӦ˻
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ӶҲҲΪ޴ˣߵ׼ȵ̶ֻӱ֮Ǿͳߡ
òг棬ֱòȥڶδ½棬Ψнɳǹп⡣ЩΪ񺷲ηʿɵĳǹп⡣򲽱Ұսϻ϶Ǳɱһ
ǽѵʮŮԭһĿڿһ
ǧ˵ĻŶ׺õķȻùзò棬ָӹٲŻ´
͵һĨֳնһָȵҳ壡˭Ǹͷ­ҿŮˡ
Щ˰͵µĻȫ˷ܵ໽У䵶岻Ļ׺ޱȵ4еȥ
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һ֮ǵսʿЦӶնƥĳ֮һ4еݺնȥ
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һ̣һȵѪ֮ǵսʿ˴Ӳı4еһնأѪསǼ4еһ
ͬһʱ䣬ս֮ѪɽЩ֮ǵһһ˴նأʬأ
һŮɫ԰ףθ﷭ŻÿֲǶʿǿߣôôʿǿߣ


37 ʿ͵
ÿһʿĸֶôġһʿĸÿµнˮһ20ϣһ240ϡʿĸ֣һнˮҪ48000ҡʿֵĸװҪѵĽҾ͸ӿֲҲֻзѶ޹Ļܹʿĸ֡
ӶҲһĨʧʿôôǿʿ֣ѵȫǴʿȻôֵܵסЩ˵ĳ棿
ЩŮǵĿ֮Уټ4ееͳͳնɱֻʣӵеĴʿΪͷ͵¡
ǻеȻǾװľ汾ȻܹͨսʤĴڡ
ܣʲôʲô͵»ӵһһ4еΧټ4еһĨ
ټ4еȫԽ͵¶ƬʿǿҲֵסټ4еΧɱ
ɨ˰͵һ۵ͶɣȱһʿūҸ3ʱ俼ǣͶȥ
͵սеնҧܹӦʿʵ飬ҾͽˣԸΪЧɱҰɣ
ʿūūгϻʮֺģһЩʿиʵҪĲһ־ʿϵǿߡս֮ΪūĴʿһЩʿУ³ʮҡ
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˻е֮⣬滹Ҫڶδ½֮вϵԼ͵ĴʿҲǾӢ˲ţ֮£޺
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΢΢һЦû档
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ʯѩһӶһŮĿⶼˣӵ츳ȻȻԵøӾޱȡȻϦദҲҶ࿴֮ͳ֮޷԰Ρ
ӶʯѩһĨԵ棬ʿԽһλһŮʿܸʶ𣿡
ʯѩ۲תȻһЦãʯѩܸܹʶ㣡
ЩŮǿʯѩŮͨɱľЦݣһŮʯѩȻȻ֮¶øС
֮һͷӥſһİСѵӥ˳µľӥֱԶȥ
һɣǵѪ춨Ǹ֮ǵȻ̧ͷԶһͷӥһ۵
Ǹ߸ߵƲ֮Уһ΢ǡһö΢Ϸ˷
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Ӫʵλϣһ̣һ˫ɫͫɢһϢĿӡ
ӵһ˫ɫͫĿӾԭײǿͷǧնǡҲԭ֮Ψһһսһʿʿڸе˺̶ӻһǧˣͨεɱųΪԭ֮Ϊµİ
ʿĻеܣĻǧҲ˵ӵǧʿĻеܻѵӥ˳㱨֮ɫ


38 Ѫҩ
ǧʿĻеܣܹԵµҲǸ֮ʿܹɱˡ㣬ذɣתŽվŵһɫֿݵ
ħ֮֮ۡѶ޼ʿǰ֮ɱ֮һˡϢѾ˶δ½
ʿֻҪһӵһʿ򣬾нһС͹ʸ񡣾ڰʿѧԺ֮УʿҲԪԺᡢ֮еҪԱ
ܹ֮ɱʿʹʲôֶΣλڶδ½Ķǿ֮СûԸԵ޹ǿߡ
һ·ûʲô鷳ΪǧеκһҪԸӵǧ涼˼С
˻ƵһƿѪҩֻҪҵҾ͸һƿѪҩһƿѪҩϣͻƿΪʿ
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һĨâûֻҪҽΪʿͲҪԭĹطˡ
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ԭͷһʿ˫֮ĵλܸͬն
նҴӦˣҵ£á

ڶȤԭҪܶˡȻ̧ͷԶȥ¶һɭЦݡ
ӶЩʵ磬ʲô𣿡
΢΢һЦȥ߰ɣȥһϷ
ӶȹŮһͷˮĸȥ
ʱӪ֮⣬һֻһֻ˲Ӵ˷˿ȥһ߼ʺ֮
ӶˣŶ챻ˣʧˣôôˣѵԭ˶𣿡
ĹŮҲɫ԰׵Ŀֲѡ
һգԭе˶Ѿصĺ˻һǵѾһˡ
ԭȻ³˹ȴĽ紦󹫹׼ﷸԭγһһŻһμԭе˶Ǻټ˹γɵɿֲ
֮УһƥڵĺħԽڶĶһдǧɱŵųǣֶ֮һˣǵҪ㡣ǻᱣİȫ
Ӷɫʱ䣬ЩǧɱųǣǸǧնĸǣʿ۷ǿߣʽһʿ׷ɱ֮ˣԭײеɱߣ⣡鷳ˣ
ĹŮж¶һ˿־֮ɫ
ʿǿ߾Ѷ޹Ĵ͹֮ҲֻһˡǿܹһʿƥеǿڡһʿɾͿɱһֻ˵ľСӣǿ߾ԲֵܹĴڡ
һЦʿǣڹͶĻһԸһ·򣬽Ĳµ֮ء
ǣķôϻʲôҳ壬ɱһĿ࣬ߴ׵ĹͷһĨ֮ɫֳ־޴䵶һָ


39 նɱ
ǹͷһָһֻȫźֳնɢű뺷Ϣ˱ײеڵĳӳȥ
ǹͷһһֻֻԲͬҲԼ֮£
ɱ˭ܹõ׼3000ң
ɱ˭ɱ׼ù1000ң

һͷһ۵̼ͣµ˷ܵɽС
1öҴſԶһ2000ͭҡ1000ҿԶһ200ͭҡСļʽû1000ҡ1000ȫЩֱݣһԣꡣ
ӶȹŮǵذӿһжһĨ־֮ɫ
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ЩǿһһĻһ¾ɵˣ׷ײɢȥ
һǧܻеһ·ϷĹʵȼԳԽƥٶЩ˽˷棬ӶǺϽ󵶽һһնء
ӶԵ̾Ļеܣ֮ǵĻеܾ鴫
һ˾ȻֻһǧĻе׷ɱֱ˼顣һʿǿߣҲ׷һƥˡЩеȴɵĽЩ׷ɱȻһնأսֱƿֲ
ޱȵĲҽ֮ԭ֮лصÿһ̶гɰǧ˱նءѪȾһƬԭ
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һʽһʿڶδ½ֻ֮ҪڰʿѧԺʿƼĵطǳưһĴһһʿ㶼ܹӶķɱû5ܱػһöһѾԽը÷顣


40 ɱ
ɱüͷ΢΢һ壬Ǻһָ
İټܻеķ˲ߵȼԳԽĿֲٶһ˷Ӷȥ
ڰ
ȡһֻɫȣ֮ԴķһźɫȻ֣һ½ڵλȫ֡

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Ѫɫʮնһƿ7еķ֣ݺݵն7еϣһ׵ĵۡ
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֮Ҳӵ޵ҩսˡ޵ҩս˿Ƽȼ̫߶ˣĿǰܹĴڡЩӵǿƻ7ǹ7ڱսԶӪ֮ǵʱںѹҲ޷׶áԶԣǻеսӡ
һһͷɫ̷ϳмȸߣΪƯĹŮʮĽ磬̫ˣ
ĹŮҲ¶һ˿Ľ顣
Ϊ˱һѪףɳһֻܹɱʽʿĻеţֱִʣ͵ʿ嶼ôʿ峤׶ӡŮҲǸżʿѧͽߴʿʿǿ߻ҲֻһЩǿʿӵдʿпһһʿĸԸΪԼӵĻ
΢΢һЦΪΨһ˰ɡ
ӶȻһܻеһָʵ磬ЩװŵĶĻе𣿡
ЩŮǵĿҲһ¼ϣĿ֮г˺˷ܡ


41 ֮
һγߴ500ȫ7е7еǹĿֲսˣǾһֲֻޱȵʿҲδֻеŵĶ֡
ΨȫԽ˷˼޵Ĵʿпһ֮ݻȫ500ȫ7еܵĻеš
赭двְɣ
ЩŮһ¶˵Ľͼʡ
֮УֻжʮӵлеͻеǹսѾһʮֲֿκι涼Ǿ˵ս澹Ȼ⶯ã֮ǿԶԶЩԭҲ˵ĹŮ
ԭ֮ЩеʼɨսռһпռʡЩϵװǮȫҲһʲС롣
սɨֻ֮ӴĳӲſʼļǰС
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Ǵ˵׼γһСɽɽһСĻеԲ򣬴ǻеԲ֮ϸСĻеִһ˵׼棬ȡЩ˵ļ䡣
ԭϵرǵļ֮ҲӵõϺ֪ʶڶδ½֮УʿһУ¢е֪ʶκ֪ʶʮֱնɱ֮󣬶ȡǵļ䣬˵ļͳͳ¼ݿ֮ڣḻݿԴ
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ѪҩˣһϾȻЯıװѪҩˮƿһĨ˷֮ɫ
ѪҩǼΪϡٵҩװѪҩˮƿķҲޱȡûбǻУ˵ı
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ѪҩһԺϳɣͿԴʹѪҩǿ壬Լʵ
һѯܿ㽫Ǻʿ֮һΪҰ֮צĴ˿̣û뵽̿Ժ֮ܶ
滯ĸ֮ƼԼ밲ʿѧԺȡѧʸ񡣿Ƕδ½֮ͬԸ⿴밲ʿѧԺϾ滯ĸ֮ӵд֮ʵǿķ
ȻҲѸô̡ʵ̫Ը֮ǳѪ׵Ƽѧܽ밲ʿѧԺܼκһʿ
鿴ͷӸǵҪȻüͷһ壺һıأȻѩ׸ǣǻ治򵥣һ鷳ˣ
ԭһսһʿʿǿȥﶼܵٻ֮ȻͶԭԭͷӣΪǵѩ׸ѩ׸֮лһڹ񱦲صܡ
ѩ׸Ƕδ½֮нĶѩ׸ѩŮʿһʿǿߡ
ǵѩ׸Ҳֻܹѡ߻ӵԭ֮Ϊ˸ǲҿСĻҵ
ͨһԵԤϵرѩ׸ĶĿһرĻеն飬Ҳûѩ׸Ԥϵ⡣治֪ʲôʱͻᱻѩ׸Ԥϵ⵽Ϊѩ׸Ŀꡣ
ӵԶһ͵ȼ΢Ҳӵһϵ֮ҲвǿΪ˻øãѡ
ʿƿһе֮УʮΣգһ񣬾ͻᱻ½֮ʿָɵΪϡ
ЩѡΪ˸Լ֮ŪأȴԼ֮ȡñѸٵĻָʵ
֪Ĺ񱦲ؾڵʿʳ֮һԼ֮һء


42 ʥֳ
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Ԥϵķع죬ķֵܹĴڡΨлõֵԤϵر߽Ϊһʿ֮пֵܵһԤϵ
ǹıضĿǰ˵̫ҪĿǰĵ֮ҪΪһʿ
ÿһ鼶ǿ߶ӵԶʿĿֲǿıҲΣءɲһǹıؾͱɱˡ
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ӵмӲ+1Ƽ+1ħ+1+1ԡ
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ֻ˳Ĵԭ֮ûκβĴ˼У˰ʿѧԺڳʥֳǡ
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ͬʥֳΰ޳ǣ̶ִȼȷĵҲûмܹɡ
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һ֤ͨǶʿȶ֤ͨʿ֤֮ͨɫ΢΢һ䣬óͨ
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ӶЩĽĽܵЩħܳʿʳ֮һЩһҪܵÿ죬ʮְȫ۸߰˵ǵĶħʯÿٹҪһħʯֻʽʿǻĹܹħܳ
һ͵ħʯ൱100ҡÿٹһħʯ߰ģܹͨĴڡ
涢һħܳĬĬħܳħ̺ʿǸ߶ˣ
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43 ܹ
ȹŮӶĽܣ¶һ˿֮ɫͨĹҿûʥֳôݳֲֲܹ̫·ߡ
ʥֳǵ漣֮ԼһЩʿ֮⣬δ½֮д󲿷ֵĵطŷ޵ˮƽȹŮļʶѾƽҪḻö࣬ڼӶʿȻӡ
ʥֳ֮Ȼ·ͨ˶Żѣɫ󡣳֮ڵÿһӵжصķͽǳСиûͨءɼ㡢ˮֳ档ִŷ޵ĳлҪɾ֡
һֻӵǧӴ󳵶һʥֳ֮Ҳ˵ΧۡرǸߴ6׵Ļеսˣ˵Ŀ⡣
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һнСׯ԰Ϣһ֮ڼӶĴ֮£ŰʿѧԺķȥ
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ħʯӵгĿʯΪ͵ħʯеħʯߵħʯħʯĸΡÿһεĶһΪ100:1Ƕħʯ֮ϣӵħıǴܹܹɿռ۳ħأļֵ֪֮
ڶδ½ӵдʿǿߵв٣ЩԶԶ簲ʿѧԺΪЩĵԶԶһܹǰʿѧԺĵ֮һ
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ÿһ֮϶һöˮЩѧŮǵʡ
һźۣһΧĮȻ𣺡15꣬3µȡϸ񣡡
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15꣬3ϵȣϸ񣡡

һЩϷǰ˸ŮǵˡϸһϲüңЩϸһɥҡ


44 񶾼
14꣬6ϵȣϸ񣡡
󲿷ֵŮʶ45֮䣬Ȼ֮䣬һЩ˷ܵһĿⶼһ𷢱ۣԸеŮϡ
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6ϵȵû⣬Դ㣬һʿʮþȵ顣ΨгʿŻƿʧܵĿܡѧȻ˹ʮֶġ
һʿѧͽǵͨѧԱ˵ܹһʽһʿָ㣬Ļ·ͬʱôԴ
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󲿷ѡ밲ʿѧԺŮǶΪЩʽʿǵ״ӡΨЩѾӵǿ󱳾ѾԤ˵ʦǲŻѡһʽʿ
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1µȵ츳Ҽ츳ˣҼҵ츳˵ǿö࣡

һ֮һȫѧʸĺϷԡ
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һС֮еĳԱһǰҵӰȻֱ뿪˰ǵߡ
ЩС֮еĳԱԸľӢȻҲЩֳ˲мӣȴ׵ı¶رһܹɱʿǿʿǶᱣǫ
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48 
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50 ˿
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51 ɣ
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52 ֮
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53 һʿѧͽ
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54 ʿ·ѡ
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ת뿪˰ʿѧԺʿѧͽۺϵȼҡ
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55 Ժ
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üͷһĬĬ֮Ƕδ½֮Զܹʵҩ֮⣬Ҳûܹʵҩˡô˵ѵұѪʿ֮·𣿡
ͳʿ֮·ʲ˾ܾʿ֮·⡣ڵڶʿʳ֮ǰ綼ֻͳʿ
ڶʿʳĿ߽ɴȴһ츳ֻ3µȵˡǵڶʿʳĽɴС֮ʱλǿڽ֪ʶֲǿѪʲ޷ʿ񻰡ɴͨʵ飬һǿտ˵ڶʿʳѪʿ֮·ҲӽɴʱΪʿ֮·֮һ
ͳʿѪʿ֮⣬Ҫʽʿĵ·λͬħħǿڽнףȻɶԷǿһٽΪʿķʮа˾ŻΪԷĿܣҺֻ֢ܶ࣬ǿһᣬѡ˷
Ѫʿ֮·ҲôߵġҪΪѪʿһͱӵһǿѪҪΪһʿôͱɱ3ͷȡǵľѪȻʹޱȵĲϾ֮󣬲ܹƳһֲ֮ܿѪڶҪһѪϵطûطѪҲûá
һΪѪʿٶȾͿͻͽ֮мʲôƿһֱѪĽǱľһͷһ֮ӵдʿսǳȡѪֲĻôѪʿĽǱһΪʿͻǱľҲ޷
ĬĬûжѪõطҲûáֲòĻ˼򵥾ʹӦѡһſʿطҵõطҲûãҸԸֻǳΪһһʿ㲶һЩȶʿĳȡǵѪ
̤ʿ֮·ŷ츳жôҪ1µȵ츳ʵ̫ˡԭӵ츳3ϵȣڸΪʷ
ʿѧԺֻ4ʵѧԱΪ4ʵѧԱгΪһʿĿܣļֵ
δ½֮СһЩ23ʵѧԱΪʿѧͽȻһĹܵӡ
ڶһ磬ķ㴫һ
㣿򿪷ţڷ֮վŵǰݡ
΢΢һЦã棬ǰݣԺ·ˡ
òһЦǾ鷳ˣ
ʿѧԺԺʿѧͽԼʽʿסĵطӵɡÿһԺѧʿѧͽ֮󣬶ǲһϵԺѧԱȥӭµԺѧԱ
ڰʿѧԺԺԺĽ紦һȴţ֮ǰһͷ޴;ʯ
ͷ޴;ʯ֮ǰãķƴˣǸոսΪʿѧͽ档


56 Ħ˾
һͷ޴;ʯ˫ۣһ˫ɫʯһ˫ɨһۣȻſȥ䵭Ѿסζˣȥɡ
ʯĦ˾ͷ޴;ʯѧֳﱾһߵľʯ۶ԷԻԶΪֲĦ˾ÿһͷӵпʿ۷Ŀֲսӵǿ츳ܹŵκ˵ζ
ʿ֮ӵжֹķܹı䡢ŤԼıĿζȴôҲ޷ı䡣ζǴʿǿߣһЩǿ֮⣬ǵĸ֪޷Ħ˾Ტۡ
һͷĦ˾֮ǰκҪͷ밲ʿѧԺԺʮѡ
΢΢ͷĦ˾һ񣺡ķƴˣ
ʮֶݡһʽһʿԼꡣʿԼİꡣʿꡣֻдʿӵгǧĦ˾ǹǳҪİϵʱ⣬ǵǸߴＸǧꡣ
һͷĦ˾Ҳһǿӵǻ۵ĳڰʿѧԺ֮еλҲߣԪϻ֮еԱɲҶĳʧ
ķƶûжදһ£·һͷͨʯͷһ㣬ûκζ
ݴ洩һȷָԺԺĴţֱӽԺ档
һԺ͸ܵһԶԺǿԪڿռ֮
ЩŬѧϰѾʿĻԭ
ʿǵķԪǿԼʣԼ֮֮һıԴ֮޷õ޷
ʿѧͽΪʽʿؼһҪ۳ӣȻΪĿһƬ󣬴弫ޣųſԼľ̻һһ츳
ǿԪӶǿʡʮкôԺ֮УʿѧԺֳֶΣ˼ΪŨԪӡĻ֮ٶԶԺҪ켸ʮ
֮С֮ӵһʿһʿ棬ҲΨԪسԼĵԪŨܹԺĻʤһ
Ƕδ½ʥ֮һȻ鴫΢΢תħ񹦾͸оһǿû棬оʮ
ڰʿѧԺԺһһʿÿһʿĸ߶ȶĲϡ
һʿۼΪһһЩС͵ʿ嶼첻һʿ֮СݵʿҲǺķ˼˵ʱͽǮŽģһһʿ޷밲ʿѧԺʿᲢۡ
Եĵһ£ʿߴＸ
ʿԼγһµͣž߲ߵʿʿĺλãһ޴ĴֱܹûԼԿһâǴܹ֦֮
ʿѧԺضʵҩҩһ࣬һֻʿߴʿСܹݰʿѧԺ޷Ū֡
ʿʿϿԵֿǸǿһλ׵ĵˡʿѧԺĴʿѧԺ֮أĿǰҵĻеʤʵ̫ˡҵżʮüͷ壬
Ѿƴ֮ڵĿԴ񿪲֮£ĿԴѾʼݽߡһߵʯһԼ֮ѰµĿԴˣеԭѾԶԶ㲻Ĳܡ
֮ڵĻеѾʮӴ󣬿ȻûκΰսʤʿѧԺԽʿ֮ԽǿԸоǸߵȼʿǿ
΢΢һ̾ϧڵضˣǵıдʿӰӣҪţ̫ˡ
δ½ÿһطӵˣȻЩطһЩʿС֧䡣ǱӵдʿӰӡ
¸֮֮ѾǼޡʿѧԺѾʼѹšԸҰ֮צأŵءҰ֮צǱȰʿѧԺҪʤһǿɲԸĿֲڡ
ĬĬţδ½渻ĵĵطѾռˡҿ취ѰһЩߵռ졣̫ܡˮ硢硢硢Ǻ˵綼Ҫʿѧϰܹ֮С
3796ŵĿƼ棬˵粢̫ĿƼĿǰѾͺ˵վֻҪͺ˵վҪһϵеǰÿƼˮĿǰǰÿƼ֮ڽ죬ֻҪٹ1꣬Ϳͺ˵վʽ˵Ĵɱ


57 
һΪϸĽ˵ŹڰʿѧԺԺֽɣһߴһʿ档
һŵ˿ʦҴˣ
ɣһȷŴ򿪣һԵ
һ̤뷿䣬㿴޾׵˿һɫسȹޱȵһŵһŰ׻Ƥɳ֮ϣ޳˫ȴӳȹ֮Ĺһ鼮ַš
һһ˫䣬Ƥ𪣬ԸòʮľŮΪ˿Сȡ
飡һܰӷ֮дǷ֮޵΢΢һֱƿĿ⣬ʹͷ˿ڵķȥ
ǰʿѧԺĴӪʲô춯˿һƾܹСС1ʿѧͽ֮ſŻвɣСʿ壬԰ʿѧԺȻûá
ﲢǶδ½֮еʿǴλץ֡ϵĲɱ־Ѿʮϡ٣һ֣϶Ǵ˿ﾹȻӵһֻѪ飬ʵ֮ǿԶԶԽͨһʿ
˿ЩĿɨһһЦ棡ԭ㣡֮ǵҵΨһѪ׻ǲϧѪȻӲûҩѳʿѧͽ
˿ħŮһջЦ岻ԾѪҺڣӿ޷סԼ
ʱ滳е1ر֮ͷųһû֮ڣڵֱѹȥָ
ȻķѪ֮ӵеȻ֮һָǣ亹ֱˮȫʪˡһʧǣ˲ǵΪֻ·һ
üͷ΢һЩ˼⣺ô£ҴûеôôĶ⣿
˿ɨ沱֮֮ĵλһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ȡˮЩ䵭ÿһԺѧԱһλ֪ʶĻᡣҾͨıѧֲѧѡһɣ
üͷһ塣ѧֲѧѧƶʿѧͽ˵̫߶ˡʿѧͽ˵õǷԭѧ0ģͽѧŻѧơ
ֲЩʽʿʸоĴڡЩֲ󲿷ֶӵʽʿĿֲʵҲֻʽʿܹƷоĹ
ת֮ѡ񣺡ѡ񳬷ֲѧ
ҩ漰ĳֲֲѧҲмҩѧǰѧ֮һ֮ĶҩҲֻмҩҩʿܹơ
˿ָһһöˮֱ飬һ̴ֲˮ֮зɳֱûüġ
ϢϻӴޱȵϢݺݵĳĴԣӴϢԴ壬һµ˵ϣʹ̲סһ󰧺
˿ǵڵʹŵ棬ЦͬʱûԵľ֮Ū
ľҲһ
ҾҪŮˣԴľʹһ˿ڴһľƬ
һ̴һľƬ֮ð֮γһֻǿèͷӥ
ֻèͷӥ۾ɨڵʹһſͣ³ȶ˿СΥѧԺĹأð𣿡
˿ǸĵӵֻϷŪһ¡ȶСӵıķ𣿡
ȶҵҵĺѡҲϣ鷢ڶΡ
˿һЦڶôֻһûʿ츳ķ壬Ҳһǻһʿ۷ķˡ
ȶ´ôһὫһԪϻߣԴݶ
ߣ˿üͷ΢΢һ壬һӣһɹһϡ
ľͷʹŵԻ⣬ҧվ
˿֮һĨâӻֵɣ
ǿ̺⣬΢΢˿һ˳ȥ
һ1ʿѧͽʽʿǰȻͬһĴڡ
ôĵʦ
һ뿪˿ʿȶèͷӥ㿪ʵ
ЦҲ֪
ڰʿѧԺ棬ѧʱһ¡ʱʵʵĲѧϰŸ֪ʶ˿ûκνҲ벻ͨŮΪʲô
ǸŮ˲򵥣ҪҲ㣡㻹һλҰĻᣬԼעɡȶèͷӥһ䣬Ȼ𲽱⣬˻ҽ


58 ʿѧͽ
񶾵ŮˣһΪ鸶ۡ
ȶڵʿĿһۣһĨ⣬ת뿪
Ժ֮ÿ춼æѧϰ֪ʶ
Ժ֮ÿ춼һЩʽʿһЩѹΡЩ֪ʶҪħʯнס
ԺѧԱΪ˻֪ʶ񣬻ȡһЩħʯ֪ʶԴ
ӵ֮ǵĲƸں֧֣ħʯȱÿһ춼缢ƿʵѧϰŸ֪ʶʮԼ츳ԶԶδ½ţӵ3796ܻ˰ҲҪʮֵŬܹ׷Щǡ
ʱţһת˲ȥ
һ֮ڣ˫۳ɨҵʣ
ɨ迪ʼ
棬ԣ8.18.58.79.2
Ѫϲĵˡ
ʣ3ϵȡ
ۺ6ǱѾľ
棡ѾﵽޡѪҩǿʵҩԼ˺
üͷһ壬Цһ£ȻѪҩĶҩҲ޷ٴҵʡ
һ棬治ϵķѪҩ֮ޱȵҩһ·Խ˽츳6ϵȵţֱӽΪʿѧͽĵ·ȴѾϾͨԴҩ޷Ϊʽһʿ
ץһһֱӽһŤΣ΢΢һ䣬¶һ˿Ц⣺ҵҲѾԶԶԽ˹ȥ㲻ʹκη㶼ܹһȭһʿǿߡ
ոմԽδ½ʱ汾һũ񶼴򲻹ڣѾȹȥǿʮֹս˰ٱֹ
ʵĲѧϰҲڷšܹĸоԼѧϰȹȥʮֹ
ʿĽ֮·ŲϵĽǵҲ᲻ϵǿÿһ磬ǵʡѧϰȫλõ޴ɱ䣬˫ȫͬΪˣ͵ʿսʤߵʿ
ʱһվŵһúϳˣȡ
浭ȥҵҡ
ǣ
ǰԡϴһˮ裬һ·֮Żķȥ
ݡһ棬оŵǿһǿȫѹסһѾʿѧͽ
֮һĨ֮ɫ֮дһ˿ʣ棬ϲΪʿѧͽ
ҲһĨʣȴά̫ˣ棬Ľٶ̫ˡһ֮УĽˡ
һǰݡվѾǶʿѧͽһ֮ȻǶʿѧͽΪ΢
΢΢һЦǫҶѣ
һ֮лѵĸԴħʯһԭ츳4ϵȵ1ʿѧͽΪʽ1ʿΪ3ʿѧͽҲȻ顣
һ棬˵ƽѪ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ĿһƽѪѵǸԴ꣬ʵĻƽ徫Ѫ𣿡
ƽǵڶʿʳĿֳ߽֮λʱֵһ塣ƽľѪӵд꣬ʵ
֮ƽǿɱһգȡǵľѪԼʣŴʵµħ䣬ʿ֮·ͻͽճΪ˵ڶʿʳĿߣҲλʷǿʮ֮һ
ǻƽľѪӵЧȻҲʿ졣£ǻƽѾϱɱһգдĻƽҲ׷뿪Լԭסλ棬ɢڸλΪ˿Ĵڡ
δ½⼸ǧҲֻһܻƽѪ֮СǻƽѪ֪ǿʿ֮ϵĴڶΪ֮ı
ûǴ˵֮еĻƽѪݵͷںڰɽǱʱ򣬵õһż鱨һżǵʿʳһеʿ֯İ֮Ѩܲһζδ½֮ĻƽѪǳİ֮Ѩһַİ֮ѨܲкܴĿܻлƽѪĴڡϾƽѪڵʿʳʱȻȴִôϡ١
üͷ΢΢һİ֮ѨַܲôĵطΣأɲʿѧͽܹ̽ĵط
ϵʿÿһ˶ǼΪֲĳֻҪӿƣ΢Լ֮еɢݶŨӽһ𣬾ͻγֹһЩĴڡ
ҪǸҽʿסĵطʮİ֮Ѩǵʿʳһе֯дʿϵǿַΣأͨʿѧͽܹ̽ĴڡһʿҲʮΣա


59 ģ
һĨ֮ɫİ֮ѨܲλȻܹ̽ĴڡֻҪ̽ΧõԴǽΪʿ
һᣬâ΢΢һЦãҲμӣ
ݵ棬ȻӦӲμ̽ôͲ鱨߸ڶˡҵҲܸߡʽʿμ̽Դֲá
üͷ΢΢һ壬˳֮С
æ̽һٰ֮ǸżҲ١һ֮ҲǸż鱨ǵĵʦ
һĨâõģҲ鱨ҵ塣
һϸ֮󣬰Ůȥ
ڿʼ𣿻ǹءŰŮȥıӰ𽥱ɭޱȵ
Ҫ׼ˣ
ܿԺĽ״֮ڡ
5ħʯһǧȼ֡
20ħʯīˮ
10ħʯ۱Ż0Ϸģ͡
5ħʯרҵΪ˵һ0Ϸԭ

ԺĽ״֮ڣһཻϢ
ǽ״ģһʿѧͽۣԸУòΪޣԼʮһĽŮ
ֱߵò޵ŮǰҪ1ģͣжٸ1ģͣ
ŮһۣһĨʺĽ1ģͣ8000ħʯһģ͡Ŀǰӵ2821ģ͡
ù󣡡ʱһö1ģͣǰʿѧԺ
֮ĿǰÿõĲƸΪħʯĻҲֻ3000ħʯһ1ģ;Ҫ8000ħʯʾ޿òƴֵ涼Ϊ֮ͷۡ
Ѷ޼⳥30ħʯ֮УѾȥ10ħʯϾ3796ֱӺϳɻ֮ᡢѪҩҩҲҪĲϡ
1ģҲʮ֮С֮ӵе1ģҲֻ15ʿѧԺ1ģ͸ߴ282֮Сݸ޷֮Ტۡκ1ʿǰʿѧԺ֮ҵǵ1ģ͡
Ȼ8000ħʯʽ1ʿ˵Ҳһʾ޿ͨʿѧͽòľ޿һ1ģ͡ʿѧԺԺѧԱһΪѧͽͻʿǰʿѧԺҲṩԼЩʿѧͽѧԱѡ
ƾֶΣʿѧԺܹ¾޴ĲƸʿǿߡ
ĬĬţӵлеţóȱٵǷķرǵֿ䡢֡Ĺһķ
ѷ1ģͽøҿһ
Ůָһһą̂ϵһξ֮з֮γ3DͶӰһĽܡ
1ŤΧγһŤĳ̶Ϊеȡ
1תΪϵȣµȡ
1ֲʬ㲿ֽʬϵȣµȡ
1֮ΧγһȦ档µȡеȡϵϵȡ

һǰĬĬͨ۾Щ1Ľͳͳݿ档
һ׽һħʯֱӶŮϣ๥ķҲҲóҿǸСѣ
ŮһĨϲɫָһһâûξ档
ξâһ1Ľܶǰһһ¼ݿ档
Ѹٵѡ20ģͣҪ201ģ͡ŤԤԸ֪ԤԸšʥ֮ۡ绷ơ΢ˡڰءͼٻܻ֮桢Ӱ֮֡ʯΪࡢҼ׹⼤䡣
ŮһЦԽˣһ16ħʯ
ͨʿѧͽԥŻҧһ1ģ͡һ201ģֱͣǳͻŮҲԴһʽ֮лǧ֮һɣҲ160ħʯ
ȡħһ½16ħʯˢ˳ȥ
֪ʶˮѡ20ģ͡ŮȻһЦһöɫˮݸ棬ͬʱһۣһ£һֽУһЦҽа꣬ҷĵַпչ档
δ½߷ȽϿţ֮궼ʮ͸ԼŮ˳顣ŮȷҪĻ΢һ㣬ڻŵĹҲ١
ڰʿѧԺ֮УŮʿѧͽȡԴͬżʡܹλȻҲ˲ٴۡ
潫ַֽڴŰ΢΢һЦת뿪˴


60 ڰɽ
ʿѧԺʮ֮ԵһСõķ֮Уһž޴ԱˡŮǰݺͰա
һһŻɫʿѧͽۣͭߣӥĿǣһ˿˿Ѫ֮ӡ
һһ׳ܣһɫʿۣͭߣɫ̷һצ۵ӡ
ϻһ˿˿Ѫ֮ӶŰüͷݣΪʲôҪֻиķȫԴѻļһսֻһʿ򲻹ļһֻ׸
üһ˹עԴǡѵ˰ǸĽѵ𣿻˵ΪڶЦϣ
ǵѾڰʿѧԺ֮йΪΪ׳յĴʡΪˣڰʿѧԺûܵκơȻ󲿷ֵѧԱڼʡѸٽķȴû˸ǰ˵κƵĻ
˹üͷ΢΢һ壬˫ȭգŰݣһĨŭ⣬ݣѵҪȥǸܣ֮ĽѵȲһʲôõģһû壬ʲôǣ
˹˵ˣһצ۵ӳ
жצ۵ԵλȽϸߣһ˹ͳĬֻ˹Ȼӿһ˿˿ŭͼʡ
֮⴫һ
չȥŴ򿪣һһͷɫ̷òͨһɫʿѧͽۣͭߵĿ࣬׳ܣһģ̳ӹ֮£˷䡣
ɫ̷Ŷ׵档
ɨߵģüһ֮һĨŭ⣬֮дһ˿⣺棬ż鱨ˣ
˹һЦҾ֪棬ĴүȻáݣϹˣŻȥļһ
һצ۵Ŀһߵϴ˺һᣬųþµĻеܣûϢһΪǾ֮࣬ǵĻеܾŹȻ鴫
еܣݳһŭȫϸĶߵܻ˿˺һᣬһɾܻϣӿһĨǸǸ棬ˡ
ߣ˹һĬ
һצ۵ǰƤ棬ʮֱǸһ̫̽Ҫˡ˹ͰݲŻЩӦȡ
ЦЦûϵ
ƤȻ˶ˣǾͳɡ
˶ûת뿪õꡣ

ڰɽλڰʿѧԺҰ֮צǾޱ԰ı߽罻紦ڰɽ֮Դƶ񤣬նûнĿעƬ
ͨԼȥĴڣ׷׻ƬγһСС
һõĴűƿһðߴŮ˽һС
ð߶һЩĴðգ׬ȡǮˡǵλֻһ΢һ㣬ƾð߻ߣǮ׬ͻǵӰ
ðߵĻҲеôǳΣաѡһȽֵǮıͿһðɱ
һõ꣬㿴Сõ漷ˣðߴڵĺƣſ⣬˵ŻЩðʮִ׵§Ů˵ھͽŵϷ
ݡռһĻüͷ΢΢һ塣ǶǹһĻһ˿Ӧ
һλ£ĿһŮϣ¶һ˿ȤˣӦŮˣֵ塣
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öŮ˱Ϊ壬ֵ壬ҲʿǴ֮ץᡣûжͽǱýСɰһЩʿǱȽϲĳ
ˣŮҽжȥô5һϡұ֤ԶȹһҹһƤףĸߴɢһɵѪζĹͷ󺺴˵ŰһЦ
ǹòİСõ֮УһֺȺľ޸С˰֮⣬ҲһСŮһĿⶼһ˵ϣ̰


61 Ź
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ۺĿǰ3ǱС
΢΢һãļһ˾Ƿˡ
Ȼȥ׳Զ˳ʵȴ޷Ტۡ
Ŀ׳ոմԽ֮ǰǲսʤĴڡһֶֻܹ
ļһȥ˹һĨ׹⣬ͬһһȭѸײڶ֮ƺݺݵĺ˶ĸֲ˲䱬ǽӽٽصĶֱһȭɳʮףһ·ײΡ
ͬһͷһ׳ʵĶڵ֮һںƬѪֱӵ˵ϣûκϢ
ˣǸһһȭɱˣ
ʿǸһʿǿߣ
ʿǴʿ

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ĶһۣŭֻǱ˹ɨһ֮󣬶׷׵ʹͷ֮ӣȻֱӽˡ
ùѾλںڰɽķΧⷶΧ֮ڣȭͷÿ춼ڶŹɱʵõˣҲˡ
ðһ㶼ʿµĴڡһʿǿߣõðһϣҲֻбɱķݡ
õڸƵһưɷĿ֮һĨâüͷ΢΢һ屣ֳĬ
һŮһľһеǰԲλˣǴƵΡ
˹¶һ˿аЦݣŮɭɭôѵҪ⳥
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ûлеţʮҲδƤһɱʿѧͽĶ֡леŵİһƤҲвĻеš
лŮһм˵һ䣬æȥ
׳õŶʬʧһŮʮ˳ƺ
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һм򵥵ĳһ㶫֮󣬱Կ˷ȥϢ
ҹǼõĵ֮ڡ
谵ǵҴһ˿
һǰˡһΪӢľưɷԱһͷϳһòªӡһǴźɫ·Ƥ壬ϳ˰ߣƤףü֮һߡ
˻Ƶ˹ȷ˶ʿѧͽ
˹һĨûдķˣʿѧͽǷżҶܹŵǻαװðߣͼıС
ķһĨɻôʿѧͽԴƶ񤣬Σأĺõط
ѵļƻǷ𣿡ķĿ˷֮һƽ֮ϣһ
Ƿ֮ڵڷһͷͷͷֻͷ­һǿ׳壬˫˫ŶųצӣһԳһЫβ͵ħֵһħ·һ㣬˫ʱʱһתײйĹâעŷ֮еˡ
ͷϳһһЦɱӿķɴȥͳͳɱˣʿѧͽˣҲ̫ע⡣
ķ΢΢ҡͷδǷļƻЩʿѧͽֶι죬ʵǿпˣ㲻ܹ֣һ¶ļƻһҲ޷
˹ķˣЩɱˡǺѻˡǿԹĶѻǳ֣̽ǵ
ķã˹¾ͽˣֻҪ£֮󣬾ԲĹֻҪĹΪЧΰһ㳬Խ˵ͲƸ
˹Щ˷ܵǣķˣ
һħֵĵĮĿ֮зһУ¶һ˿֮ɫ΢΢һתָǲ̡ᡢǿ̬
ķ˵֮һʽеӱһ۵ʱˣʼɣ˹
ǣķˣ˹һĨ˷ܣǵҵһȥһǲһŮ˱סͣ־ĿŤ塣


62 Χɱ
˹һЦ˺ȥŮϵĽһɱݺݵĴȥ
ǵ棬һ±ŮʹĲҽ֮֡
ķп˶һ˷ܵĿײеһĻж˷ܡ
һƽħֵĵһתһ˿˿졢ײе֮˹Ҳǹɹ졢ײе֮˫˲óޱȣȫࡣ
ҽ֮˺һͣЪ
ķ˫һŻģ߸߾͵һƽħֵĵǰΰ΢ͽϵļƷԸٹ޾λ档
һƽħֵһһ˿˿ɫĹâ·һ»˹һ㣬ſһҧһڽǿŻŵ¡
ͷħֻƽλ¶һ˿֮ɫ˫֮Ѫζĺɫâڸķϡ
ķǺɫâ֮£˫¶һ˿˿ϵñ飬һ˿˿ǿ˥ϵ֮ɢݶƺ˰ҲһЩ
˹һĻһĨʺĽ֪ķѾ˽ꡣʿ֮⣬˹ǵһμлôõˣƳǿ֮£Ҳѡŷͷλǿڡ

һͨڰɽ֮ϣźڽǰ
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ǹȵȻģûκηӦ
ݴӻһСӣӣһֻȭͷСı˳ĬֻһָһɫĹâֻ֮ϡ
һֻĴųѸٵСɽµһ߷ȥ
ʿѧͽˣȥɣСɽ֮ϣһͷĿ࣬òֳ䵶ĿһԼĲֱ˳ȥ
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ͷֳ䵶ĿĮĿ˺ǺѻĶͳ̩ˡʿѧͽǣɱǺѻĳԱʮħʯǾˡǾȫɡ
ٶսʿ֮Уһٶֳ־ǿǾǿǾʮǿӵɱʿǿߵһٶ߾ǿȫɱʿѧͽ
ѻƬҲǱȽϴܹŪһٶޱȵľǿСһ޷Ū֡
Ȼ̩ȻʮֽѡЭֻҪܹи˵ùȥɣҲԸӵʿѧͽðСΪС
һķˣȻǳ֣ͳͳȥɣ˹һЦڱһ㣬һâҫϵһ޴ֱͭӴ򿪣һٽĸѸٵĸȫһ޴ˡ
һĹâ˹֣һΣֱͬһ̹һǿڵķȥ
˹ķʿķ0Ϸļӳ֮£һЩСʽʿĳ
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ǺѻԱѸٵΧȥʹø˹ȴ˹֮ϵֱӵ¡Ȼһն顣
֮һĨ⣬ӰȡһȭͷСķѣĬģȭͷСķһָһɫĹâֱûǷ֮ڡ
ȭͷСķѶʱһͣˮͰСģһֻֻ޴ľ綾Ƿ֮з˳γһСųǺѻԱֱӷȥ
һֻֻ޴ľ綾γɵĳǺѻԱһĺѻԱ㱻¶Ĳλֱӵڵϣʹޱȵ
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һֱרעԼʿѧͽȼĹϷҲһҲõİɵʿѧͽȼߣֶȴδرȵϽֻжʿѧͽΪİݡ
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ͬʩչɵ򵥵0ϷһѻԱɵ


63 
ʿѧͽôô̩˼һĻһĨһҧֱתߡ
Ǻѻսʿͳ֮Ҳֱתͬ飬ֱɽߡ
ٶȫװսʿʿѧͽҰܣʿѧͽĿֲҲʿһλ۷ͳελԭΪǿ
ǵϾֻʣʮߺѻԱʬԼʮǾ綾Ⱥݳͷһĺѻսʿ

Ҫɱң
ȾңԸ⵱ǵū

Щѻսʿһİš
ȥȥȥ˹ЦӶŴͬһֻֻһ㣬Щѻսʿͳͳɱ
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һԾĿţЩпЩûк̨ĵͼʿѧͽΪһԴƴɱ˶ᱦħʯ붼ܹǻ衣ûлܷѶ޼þ޴ս3796ӵкϳҩֻҲҪһĴΪԴھͽʿѧͽ
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ʿѧԺÿ궼һǧӢѧԱÿѧԺԽΪʽʿĽֻʮˡ
츳ѧͽΪû㹻Դýʽʿͣòʿѧͽһ
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΢䣬˼һɫˮ
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ƤһתӿһĨأĿŰաŮڵλƳһۣʲô飿棬ǲǷʲô
Щ͵ĿƤһ΢΢һЦƤȥ֪̫ܣܻģҶ㻹͵ģ뿪Ļһһλ֮󣬿ȥ֮ңҿ㵱ҵĲ¡
˹һ⣬棬һĨ׺֮ɫݺݵǵ˵ʲô棬ΪʲôҪ˳һ̽ż˵
ȻҾȸˡƤת֮䣬˾ҧһСʱ·ȥ
ƤðվʮַḻͬʱоҲʮһоԾ͹ϵ뿪ҲΣյð֮лҪء
պȻЩŤĴ˵ƤߣߣƤɱֻҪɱҿԸʽ1ʿķģŤнҩ֮Һ˹ɱֻҪܹɱͬṩ1ʿԴ
˹һһḬ̃һ죬Լװر׵֮ͭϡ
ƤĮĶŰգһɭɱ֮ÿҿɲΪһԴ֮ǵĳ׷ɱգÿҲˣ
ոܵƤɱɫ䣬æ˵һߡʮƤԸһǰԻᱻֱӸɵ


64 ͷè
һƻļһʲôʱҵģ
ʱһһɫʿۣһߣһͷͬɫٲ֮߳ŮһŮ΢ЦŴһƬ֮л˳
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˿ЦЦĶ棬ôĵӡȻҲ񣡾ƾһ㣬ҾͿ԰ϳѧԺ
ƽİ֮ѨһɣѷûйŴżȴΣءȥԻһ˿ʦһֱ㣬ҵʲôطˣΪʲôҪԸң
˿ЦʧЩŤ֮ЦΪǸ֮ǳҵΨһѪסҵСʮ㣬ֻҪܹɵ㣬һܿġֻҪɱ㣬ʯѩҵ֮ˡǸͬʹһŮķܹϵĴڡķǴߣҲ
ȻĶʼɣ
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ʿ̫֮ͬϡ顣ʿֶι죬һЩʿȫԽԼԱı䡣ʿ֮лпкŮ֮䲻תŮͨԵĹڡ
ʿһȺҲǳб̬һȺ塣
üͷ΢΢һ㾹Ȼɱңѵ֮ʮеܾŵı𣿡
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ܱػ֮еҲǹһ壬ֱ̱˵ϡ
棬棬ӵдԵЧнжݡ
һѸٵֱӹرǸҺ̬˱Ϊϵͳ
һصĵ棬Ǵͷʹŵһ亹ֱ£ʽʿֲֶ̫ˣֻûйҲǱ߾Ͳ㱻ɵ
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ҪԸˣҡ΢΢һ¶һ˿ЦݳѩɡŮ˸Ҹɵ
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65 ʯѩVS˿
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һɢǳϢرȻųޱȵĹ⻪˿ȫϢڽԭ˿һıֱӱɿ
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Ұɣ˿ǿʼڶغϣ
һƬصһܸߴϰ״ȴŰֱۣÿһֱ϶װһϽ𳤵ͷ­һĸۣԼһݵѪڣ°ȴͬͻһҰ̬һβͼޱȣͬһֻޱȳìĻеһ˳ǻеͬһĸ۹âͬŮһ˿


66 һʮ
ͷͻеһȻһԾ˿ݺȥ
һܻеܣҲ뵲ס𣿸ƣ˿֮һĨ⣬ĬģһָΧǹȻۣγһſһģ̬Ȼͬһͷͻеȥ
һͷͻеؿڹâһһ͸ķ˲֮⡣
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ǹ֮ͷͻе˲˿ǰ˱޴ĺϽսƿ֮˿ݺնȥ
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棬廹۰㡣Ȼս1ʿ۷Ļеܶ㡣ҪǻıһȤ
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50ͻеȫԽһʿֱΧɱһĻеߴ300ܣȫ鲼Ƭ򣬷˿ܵ·ߡ
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˿һЦɱңɲãҵĸ׿ǰʿѧԺԺǳ֮µ棡
ʿѧԺԺԶıŴоüͷһ
Ϊδ½֮󶥼֮һİʿѧԺԺµʵԶͨĴʿǶδ½֮ΪֲĴ֮һ
˿ʮĸоĳɣȻһЦͱ˵ʯѩң飬ҿԲټƽϡȻԸֻҪȥҸף֮ǶᱻΪƽأ
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ŭҪҽѩֱ롣ǰʿѧԺԺôҸ֮ǣҾԺ˵ҵҪǴʿǺ˵֣ɵˣ
һܼͻе֮кһһΣޱȵ˿ȥ
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67 Һ̬ҩ
ҹ˿һУǹγһ޴ԲһӲĽͻеֱɡ
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һѩ֮Ȼӵ浯ݺݵĳ˿Ľ֮ϣһ˿Ļǹ⣬ֲı֮˲֮ϣ嶼
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68 
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˿ʹĴ˵һ㤵Ĵ𰸣ɱޣҲµˣɱ


69 ˿Ŀ־
һû뵽˿̨ʿѧԺԺǳ֮µ澹ȻɱˡΪԼˣ˿ѡǴҺ̬׻˷Ϣжϣ˿˵һжġ
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ҵĸһŮһҵĽ㣬һҡҵĸŮʿ֮ҲʮֳûʲôǸҰʱ򣬾Ͱҵ׽̣ˣһȡѪƷλħ׼ȡ
˿˵۾֮ӿһĨ޺Ϳ־壬Ϊ־ϵĲš
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ʿʮֲпᣬΪ˻ЩʿǼ伫һЩаǿʿΪ˻һСĽɱԼĺ壬ȡԷѪԼȻµһΪ˻伫ǿʿ
ǼѪ֮ǽϹǳʯѻϹǳʯѻǳ֮󣬾ӵп弶ʿǿʿܹɲǳ֮ǿڡǼ崫ǳʯѻѪѾʮϡǸ츳Ѫ֮İֻ֮300ʱͽΪ˴ʿȻ600޷ͻơ
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һû׵Һ̬һ˳
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˿һתʵʵĽǸͷϡ
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˴ʿʳÿһʿʳޱȵӵжصħüʿʳĻеܾž֮һ
˿üһ建μһģһ޷ʹ÷֪ҲȲϱ壬Ļ֮ǲ˲١ΨһŵʵʱҲܹʹá
ʿֶιޱȣʿǿ߾ӵһ߻ûߴصһЩǿʿƵĻǵıҪǿ
һߣʯѩҲͷһܻе֮ϡ


70 İ֮Ѩ
Ŀľʬ֮ЦǿȻûƤݣȻţǳҵԤϡ
ǵϵľʬ֮΢΢һƤɫ԰׵ȥǵѪʮֹϵĹǰƤԸⷢĴӽЧˣЧҴ˵ļ壬
ɫ䣬źۼĿһԵ˿һۣҲֱӹǰԸⷢЧʲôҪ󣬰ݶȫӡ
Ƥ˶ʮִ֪ܣڴھһľءΨһĻ·ǳΪˣпܻһ
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ʯѩŮҲӴĻеһһİ֮Ѩͨ档
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71 ɱ˱ڻ
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˿һö֮ʯһĨĽͼ֮ɫ֮ʯȻϵȵ֮ʯ˹ʺˡ
֮ʯֻдʿϵǿ߻һЩ֮ǿĴ֮󣬾ֹʽγɵĴڡϵȵ֮ʯӵ硢ӵǿħĹħ硢ӵ޾ħԨ硢ħĵ綼ӲͨõĻҡ
һϵȵ֮ʯһþһӵ֮Ļֻʹ֮ʯĻЩʿϵǿǲܹͬһûɵʩչǿķ
һϵȵ֮ʯڶδ½֮УҪʿϵǿ֣߳ɱϵпƳһ顣
ȻʿͬϡǷͬʿڵĻκδģɱ˵Ϊһ֣ᱻʿֱɱһϵȵ֮ʯ˵ʮϡޱȡ
ЦеĽһϵ֮ʯպãȻŻеŻʨӱڻĲȥ


72 
ǲľͷһ޴֮ͭǽһ޴֮ͭǽһϹźͻ
һϹźͻ֪Ѿ˶õʱ䣬ī˿ûκɫĺۼͻ֮еһϹź·һ㣬ͬʱһ˿˿ͻ֮
ǿѹɨ봫˵֮е95%ƶȣܹ͵ʿѧͽµĴ޷ѹȣǿ̫͡
һϢԺ֮
ûиоô˵Һ̬жûʹ֮⣬ĸоҲᱻȵѹ
ĿһתһԵ˿ϡ
˿æ͵ͻǽİ֮ѨĴšֱ߹ȥͿԽİ֮Ѩżڲˡ
ӻ֣һܻеһͻֱȥ
һܻеոսӽͻ50׵ĵطȻֱС·̤һνһͻȥ
ԽǽӽһͻǻеԽСձ˰ƴСģӴѪڣһֱӽС
һĻһĨ̾ʿ棡
ڶͨ˵ֱ˼ҲֻʿϵĿֲǿӵֶΡ
һһͻȥ
治ǰһֹŤĸоϣܹĿͻԽԽô󲽵ߣ޷ӽͻǾ޴ĺҰһ俴ײͨǰ
һ̤䲻ײͨ棬һ˫һԼһƬޱȵĿռ档
һƬޱȵĿռЩռ䶼ƺһѹޱȡϢĹϢ
˽ˣ
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˽ˣ
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һа˴Сľ޴ӷСһСŰ˴Сľ޴ӳŹĸҥЦıΧ˹
ֻ޴һӽ棬Ϳ֮ϵ޴׵ΧһȦòʹధŵһëȻĸо
˿΢΢ɫѵаң塢ֲԼʿǿ֯Ĺ֮ĹڣǼЧϵħ֣һʿҲпܱЩɱɱ궼ᱻǵڣΪԴ
濴ֻëȻңüͷ΢΢һ壬˻֡
ܻе˲ǰϽսնֻҵ֮ϡ
ֻӦֱӱն飬һ˿˿ֻ֮ӶγһͷȻ𣬺ݺݵܻе˹ȥ
ʴݷʴ޴󣬿ԶԶʿϵ˺ԱλʴЧС
һܻе֮Ѹٵķһϵе鱨
ĽһĹڣԼǻвΪ޴󡣿ǶԻеĸȴвʮСϾеûꡣ
һֻʿɵСĹڣ׾پͻᱻֱӳԵҲΪǵ֡
ǿɱһʿһһϵĿܻеȴûκЧǵһ˿ӡ޷쵽
һ֣һһǹǰ߻֮һĻ棬Լܻеȫɡ
ǿֲĻ֮£ͷһ·ĲҽУɫϢǻ֮бֱӷգ
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һֱڷѧϰ֪ʶԼΪµĴڻ˲˼о3796ſЩڵ
ǶǶΪǵĻʣ
һɫ֮дһޱȵĲҽ֮Ȼܻеֱӷߣڰ֮γһ۶ŤĴڣݺݵһܼܻе˶񶾵Ȼֱİ֮Ѩ˽ȥ
Щ塢ȻֵĴڣĿǰ˵濴üͷ΢΢һ
ͷаޱȵңӴĻеżǰ
ոǰã㿴˵·߸ָĺǣÿһߺǶɢɭޱȵϢ֪ǲаޱȵҵ¡
ǹ֮дһɵ߳һߴףڣ˫˫Ƕź챦ʯʯ
һʯĵ飬һۿȥľʯ


73 ͭʯȺ
ʯЩͭʯСģŴʿʮϲͭʯĴڳ䵱Щͭʯÿһս1ʿӵǿķԼֿԣ෨ȫЧצӷޱȣܹ˺ַΨԪϵķƻϵǺ飬ƻǵĲܹЧĸɵǡ˿Կһʯĵ֮ɫȻ䣬ѵ
ЩʯĵߴǧһȫǧսһʿĿֲʯʿֱӸɵ
̽·һܻеһ߾ʯĸʱһ߾ʯǶ۲ĺ챦ʯ˲Ӷ޴צӣһצһܻеͷ­֮ϣֱӽһܻеͷ­նϡ
һܻеֱӷһն˱޴ĺϽսݺݵնһ߾ʯ֮ӲĽһ߾ʯնɺü顣
·ͱһһ㣬һ߾߾ʯ׷׵˫ۣ챦ʯ˫ײеĹâĴųһܻеȥ
ʮ߾ʯһһܻеȥ
Ǽܻе֮һӿֳһ͸ķ֡
Ǿʯһץǵצ׾ٵ˺͸ķֺݺݵץǻеϣ˺š
ʮ߾ʯһ˺һսһʿ۷Ļеֱķѡ
ǽǧ߾ʯҲһ
˿ǧ߾ʯʱ䣬̲ס˼ܵҪͷŷ

ټ7еǹѸٵĵ˻ڵڿڣ䣬γһƬƬܹһеĽĻ֮ǧ߾ʯкȥ
ǻڵڻ׵˺һװ׳ǿֲڻǾʯֱӽǺķѡ
Щʯ֮ҲвӲĴ˿ֲĵĻȴЩͬǿޱȵĻеأ˫ɱһʱʱмܻе˺ɷ飬Ǿʯն顣
ÿµĻеܾţôǿĻеܾţǴʿǿ֣߳ʿϲҲֻ·һ˿ǻеʯȺɱ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ǧ߾ʯѾӵлɱһʿĿֲʵǻеŽֻвһǧȴȫѹסǾʯȺǻеŵսֲ֮˿жʮ𺳡
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İ֮ѨܲķȻ£óȻ룬10000Ҳˡ濴ǧ߾ʯ飬һĨ֮ɫ
ûлеűʿѧͽʵİ֮Ѩż֮оֻ·һ
ұΪڵʵѾ㹻̽żǲУıп̽ż3796ţԮ
һͨ3796´
˽⣡һڶǰԮ
һԺ֮ڸ֮ǵΧ֮ڣһĲֱֿӴ򿪣һܼ׹ӻ֮ʮļ۶Ѿƽõ֮ܵϡ
ͬȳһĻееǹеܱеڱγɵĻϾѾվʮĽ׹֮ڡ
֮ϣһܼ׹Ѹٵնİɽķȥ
´֮ӴĻеżǰ̽
һŨ֮дԼ֮һƬ޴ֲ԰һ³һеǰ
ĪƲݣ
Ứ
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ĦỨ
ҶỨ
찡ЩϹʮϡֲˣһҷˡһֲ԰Ǵʿ˶ᷢ񡣡
˿һǾ޴ֲ԰иֲ̲ס۾һʧ
ֲ԰֮дڵĸֲﶼʮĳֲЩֲԾҩʿֱһƿƿԴʿʮЧҩ
˿һֲ԰һߴʮףӵо֦辣ÿһ֦һöָСɫʵľ˫һɣ֮дһ˿֮ӵǻЧĹʵ֮һһʱܹ۳ſŹʵıһޱȵ˳һö֮ҲԱһѧϰԽ˵ĿֲߡǼѾֵĳֲҲʿ䱦һö֮ļֲֵ԰ļʮ


74 ֮
֮Ȼִ˵еıҪõŴԣ˫һֲ԰Ĺг˷̰ܺ
ʿѧͽøϡҩѻɵˮʿѧͽѧϰʿ˵ֱޱȡȻоƬҲֻܹ֪ʶ¼оƬ棬Ҫ⣬øܡ
һԵһö֮ѧϰͻᱩﵽʿŵˮƽѧϰ֪ʶٶȲŻԼμ
ʿǿޱΪ֪ʶԽǿʿյ֪ʶԽ޴ŻֶӦλǿڡ
˿ǿѹеļ֮һĨһԵ濴һ۵ֻܹ֮ʯɵĺӴšڽӴһ˲ͻֱ
󲿷ֵĳֲﶼʹòšҲϡĳֲӵвͬĲɼţвЩֲͻᱻٵ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ĿЩƵĶ˿ע˿ʦҵĳֲѧȫ
˿æҸǳֲѧڻû֮ıɼҪ֪ʿ֮У֪ʶĲƸѵ֪ʶ̫õĶ֮ǰĳֲѧѾർʦ϶Ҫˣϳ֮
ϸĻһ£Ȼѯһº֮С˲ļ䣬ȷʵ˿ԣĳֲѧ֪ʶԶԶ˲յĳֲѧ֪ʶ
浭ȥ֮Ҫȫ֪ʶ
˿ɫ䣬ԥһҧǣ
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һ갢ħʳ˻ŤԼ壬һ˿˿Ұһ
֮һ갢ħʳ˻ٲڿֲڻ֮б÷顣
ܻеѸٵǰӶеĺϽսħʳ˻ն飬ǿֲĻĽ顣
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˲Ϣ֮䣬ܻе޷֮Ϣֱ֮ӻ˻ҽ
ͬʱϢ֮£ֲ԰ϢֱӴݻ٣һƬڵء
˿΢΢֮һĨ־૵ϢȻϢ̫ˣ
ϢǾϢһͷͨĳӵпȴʿĿֲսһͷϹžӵпǿʿĿֲͨϢһڶܹشɱһʿǿߣ
ûз֮ǰȥժȡ֮ǴʿǿԲע⣬ҲᱻϢֱӸɵ
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75 
˿Щź̾Ϣ֮ժȡ֮֮ͻȡΧֲٴγһö֮֡Χֲô֮ͻΪֲ޷۳֮֡ΪϰԣǲŻԽԽ١֮֮ͬҪú챦ʯĺװŲֻܹԡ
һܻеСĽһö֮װһú챦ʯɵĺ档
֮ռ֮ЩźĿǲƵֲ԰һۣӴĻеżİ֮Ѩڲȥ
ֲ԰֮ĵ·ߣ洦ɼһ߾ߵڵϲƹǺһ˿˿ɭɭϢǹǺ֮вϵɢ
ǸֽĲкʾİ֮Ѩܲһοֲս
ǲЩеĴûзֹʲô̫мֵر
ʿʳѾмʮ֮ãһЩر֮⣬ʹⷨűر󲿷ֵرʱʴ֮¼ΪһĴڡ
Ȼûз̫رİ֮Ѩ֮еޱȵĽЩޱȵĽ϶Ļеͳͳ׼䵱ߵȼս˵Ĳϡ
Լʮ֮һƬʿȺİ֮Ѩ롣
ҵˣ澫һһĨ˷ܣӴĻеʿȺѸƶ
ʿȺ֮ǰе˷һʧӴʿȺǲשߣʬأȥɭɭ
һǲдĻеű׷׽ʿȺ֮пʼѰұмֵĶ
ЩеŹ3796ŵݿ⣬ǵıʶԽһʿˣǲƵʿȺ֮УҲû̫ջ񣬽ֻҵ˲ٿߵս˵Ľϡ
Сʱ֮еʿȺһΪݻ޴ʿȥ
ʿȺ빰һߴף·ʲôֲľ޴ֱĨȥһأȴȻͷǿľ޴ʿ
˿һ޴ʿ֮һḬ֮̃ɫظħңʿϣκһظħҾûоκμӳֶԵֵʿǿ߹ͨʹظħʿ̫ݳˣʿֻ֮Ҫ㹻ǿ򣬾ǿʿԴݻʿ治ǵʿʳʿš
һ֣һܻеǰӶǳϽսݺһʿϡ

һһ׽̹սĳϽսֱӱϡʿնλãȴһ˿˺Ҳûʿ¡
һܻеǹǰܻڷʿ֮ϣ̶
ֹܻ֮ͣϸһʿ֮ûκκۼ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ӻ֣ӵ150״ھڣһھܹһ̹ˣð򳡵ĲȥĻеڱֱչֱӵڡ
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һʿ֮ڣоռһ±ùޱȣΧȥһ߼ʡ
Ժ֮һ3796ЩԪռ似û뵽Ȼļ̶ȼΪʹôԪռ似ضõԪˮˣӵдԪˮõԪˮǿƶװҪؾͿϣĿƼֿԽһȼ
һܻеһһָӦӦ򡣡
˳Ǽܻеָķȥֻһͷ峤ߴףźɫۼף·һɽľ޴̾һȺɫĴ֮ǰ
һͷ޴ĺһڵᴩıһ׵ľ޴˿ڣնء֮˺۴ۼѾʧ¶ָĶǵ˺ۡȻˣȻûڻš
޴ĺϷһ޴͸ˮˮ֮µķģˮһȭͷСɢſռ֮ĴԪˮ


76 Ϲźά
˿һ֮֮һĨɵѵһͷĺɫײСݶƻǿľҲӵдʿս棬ҪСģʿĳʮֲֿ
ʿţʿ硣һĴ࣬ΰάһͷϹźΰʿ绮֣ӵǿʿ
ͷſڵϣֻľ޴۾߿һۣ޴Ƭ֮лص
˿ɫЩǿʿȻĹ
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δ½ӵԼĵ̣һǿʿǿ߾ܹ֧δ½Ϊδ½֮
άǳΰάһͷӵ޾ǻ۵ľ޾֪ʶЩʿõĲλ֪ʶֻҪǴ5ѪôҾʹ޾֪ʶӵнΪǿʿ֪ʶһʮĽף𣿡
˿΢΢Щ⶯濴ȥ
ӵڶʿʳʼʿͿʼλ̽λ֪ʶգķš
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άӵпǿʿӴ֪ʶôֻҪЩ֪ʶԽһʿŵĶ
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һЦǸҲ㣡ֻȥĺǺõĺϣɵ
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άǵͷ˫۳ûõģСϣĹ޷˺ҵ塣Щ֮Ĳࡣ
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һܻеڱֱǰ150׼άǡ
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һڵֱӺάǵϣֲıըֱӽͬɽһάɡ
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150ֻҪУһܹɵ˿һʿ˿ֲڻȴάһ˿˺ˣάǵĿֲɼһߡ
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ǲдټܻеѸٷһΣԳԽԱٶȷάǷӶȥ
ʮܻеѸٵĳ嵽άǵǰӶϽսݺնάǵۼ֮ϡ

һĴ֮УһϽսֱӱϡ
άһûõģЩҵۼ׶޷ƣ
ܻеһάǵһ޴˿֮ϣǵ֮һµһϽͷݺݵάǵ˿ڴȥ
ǿֲĳϽͷתӲĽάǵǸ˿ֱһ󶴣ѪǶѨ֮أάǷһʹĽ
Ц㱾ȷʵǼ޵еĴڣϵ˿̫ˡĸûȬǾ㡣


77 Χɱ
άǷŭСϣΰάǱӡЩҲҵĶ֣ͳͳȥɣ
άǷ·ɽһһֱ𣬷һýķ·Ҫһ㡣βͶƷӡ޷˫ȻԶͬĴӬһѸײڶ֮Щеȥ
Ще޻֮׾پͱάǵצֱĵŤ飬ɽء
̶̲ӣټܻеͱ˺۵άһһ顣
άǽеĻе֮˫һĨЦͼ࣬Ļеܶ˷㻹ʲô£ʹһһϣ֪ϺǾ֮Ĳࡣ
˿üһˣ߰ɣ׼֮´ɵҲӲߡǽΪʿ֮ɱҲ١
Ȼ΢ЦոպãҵԮҲѾˡάǣбµĻͰҵԮͳͳɱ˰ɡ
ϣһܼܻеǶѨ֮˳߲ƶ
άǿǲ߳ĻеһЦЩͭһĻеܣһܣҲԲҵĶ֡ǰװ˷Լʵ
ֻάǵЦܿ콩ӲϣǶѨ֮߳Ļе޾·ҪƬռȫһ㡣
˿ĻеͷƤЩ飺⣬ЩеܵʮܡЩɶսһʿĻеܣôôࣿ
һЦһɱ㣬ʮأʮأʮأάǣߵԮһʮܣͰȫɵɡ֣
һܻеѸٵǰͬһάֱȥ
ģôôеܣģάǿĻеһı
֮䣬άǾһܻеɱһ
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һɨϢѸٵĴݵԴоƬ档ɨһöɫӾһöͨûκӡ
δ½סĵطħҹ顢٪塢ڰˡħѪħޡħȸֵֹĺڰϵ
ǵֵֹĺڰϵ󲿷ֶϹʿǴλ֮ӶūʵʵƷǽҴʿ֮󣬶˵֮Уڵ
ǵԭϹʿǿٸЩͼʿĳأŵڰʿʳıϹʿǵĻԻʧԭֻǵͼʿĳѾ˶δ½Σյ
ǵ֮б鲼ָײǿĺڰʿǿвҲ
δ½㡣
һƬޱȵĺڰʳ֮һռؼΪ˿ʯǵľ޴С
Ǿ޴洦ɼһ欣ƤڣһԼĺڰ顣
Ǿ޴е룬һߴ׵ĻԻһߴ׵ĻԻڲһߴʮףϰһɫԸУӵоյľɫˣ°ȴªֲ֩ŮһŮǺڰĺڰŮ˿
Ǻɫ֮󲻾ãһɫŮ·һ»һ㣬һɳԽĿֲ˲䴫С
ΰĺڰߣǵסǵĸסǵߡΰػߣ޾ڰ֮еϣ
ףԸ޾λ档
ԸΪצ˺ĵˡ
ԸΪĶƵֵһĹ
ػǣԻͣ
һаҹ鶼һ˲ܵϤǿʲôһ˵ϣŮ
ҹγһ˿˿֮һ˿֮ϣ֮ͷŵӾ޴
һžοװԸˣǰ͹̣¶ƬͷһͨʹɣǶʯʹڣɢһĺڰɫʮڰŮĻ֮֮ڡ
ɢһǿľɫŮδ½кڰĴĸɳȡŵʮڰŮǺڰʮĸ
һʮڰֱſ˵ϣвϵŮ
һ˿ɫ˿Ů֮ûΪ׵İҹɫ˵ü֮ڣӴޱȵѹΪ֮ʧҲָԭ̬
ΰĺڰѾͣʥսʽ
ɳȴӵվ֮һȻ߾Ȩȴ
ʥսΰĺڰ࣡
ʥսΰĺڰ࣡

һȵĻ֮Ӵ֮ɢ
Ǻڰɵľ޴һݻȪԡ֮ڣһһͷɫ̷òӢ§ʮĺڰŮϷ
һ󻶺֮ҲȪԡ֮ڡ
ʥսǿɻû׼أ
üͷһһ䣬һΣֱӴԭʧ
ǽ̻ԻͣɺĺڰʹһС֮ڡ
ڰĸɳȴһɫοվۣһԱһ˫޳˫ȶοճ֣֮ɢһʣббһŰ׻Ƥɳϣ§һԼʮһڰŮŪţҹŮķһĽ
ŶɳɳȣΪʲôڷʥսһ廹ûȫ׼
ɳ˹µ͡
ͣģ˹һֻܹεһ䣬е˵ͳͳ˺档
ӵ˵ͲΥ˹˵һҲԲ˵ɳȡɳҲԲΥͣʧȥľˣһĪĿֱֲӷɣճɻҽ


84 ƶװҪ
ɳȵ˹Ǻһ𷢶ɣ
˹˺һᣬЦǻںʵʱ䷢Ȼڷ֮ǰҲᾡ֧ԮϾӵйͬĵˡ
ɳɨ˸˹һ䵭ãûʲôµĻˡ
ǾͲˣ˹΢΢һЦֱӻһɫԭʧ
ϧɳȿŸ˹ʧıӰһһζ̾Ϣ
ʯǡ
ȷöɫûиκ֮˽һöɫ͵˱С
öӵʲôôᱻİ֮Ѩô֣صղڱ棿
һöɫӲϰţԥһᣬԼľֱӹעһöɫ档
潫Լľעɫ棬ɫӹâһľ
һת֮мصطͼԼľֻľ޷ƣȻصɫӼеľȫɡ
ЩĵѵҾҪɷ
һ֮оͳͳɣô֮־ͻܵشֱӱһֱ֮ͻһ׳ա
ľ֮ʣɫ֮Уһ·һɾޱȵľֱûľ֮С
ľ֮棬ԭͬһľһγһ˿˿۳̶һΡ
ɫӲľȻϵͷųһ˿˿ޱȵľûľ֮ڣ·޾һ㡣
ӦŴɫ洫ݹľһĨϲ֮ɫһرһر൱ʱ޿̶ٶ屶ϡ
ʿ˵ʮֹؼǿķʩչ㾫ޡ
ʿƾ辫ѹܹѹһʿΪǵľԶԶһʿҪǿöࡣ
һһԵһҺֱ̬ŤΣһöɫӰһ׹Ĳϡ
ѾӵһʿԼ
΢΢һ֣΢΢һһƬƬɫֱӽָǣͬʱҲһ˲תΪһצӣʮ׳צǿֲצܹ׵˺ʿķ
洩Խʿ֮󣬾һֱʮǷ׷Լ֪ʶ3796ԼӴĻеŻͻȻʧһʧȥ̵ʿѻȥڽΪʽһʿ3796ͻȻʧҲܹʿ֮лʮ
һ泩߳Ǹңֱӽһڡ
ȥƶװҪĺĿ
ǣˣ
ǵ֮дһеϳѸٷŵ²ϳȥ
ݴŴ򿪣ǵ֮߳
һռƽĹռһ³ǰ
ǹһֱʮףӵ·ľɫ
ǿռʮʻλÿһʻλ϶һһģһļʻԱ
ǿռ֮ŸָԶԶԽ˵ƼÿһõȥԿһֻۡҪһĹͲ췽ܹһҵĲ켼һԾΪһˮƽ
ܹ10ƶװҪĻڲƽĿռʹôԪˮôԪٶɵڲռ䡣Ԫռ似ʹþһҪصı־
Ŀǰ±ָҵߵ˽ʻյλô𵶵£
ǣˣ
˵6ף6֣װ8ֻƵ񵴵ն5ڵķ֣2֣ˮ¯ս뾶1450ȫҪ1500ۺս8
ǹ5ף18֣װͦ˹ǹ˫װ˹ڣ2֣ˮ¯ս뾶1450ص4򷢡ȫҪ1500ۺս8
ڱ5ף38֣װ24ܻԶ׷ٵ300״ھڡ200׿ھͼڡ2֣ˮ¯ս뾶1450ص4򷢡ȫҪ3800ۺս8
˶ܱ8ף60֣Ƶ𵴵ظˮ¯ս뾶14503ַ֡װȫҪ3800ۺս8
ֱ֣ۻеսʿ1.7ף΢ͳˮ¯ս뾶1000Ҫ5000ϹźƬӵеֿ4Ŀֲۺս9ĿǰϿ100ܡ
֣е50ף1368֣תϢڣسħ˶¯ս뾶10000Ҫ100ϹźƬϹźħˣ1öϵ֮ʯ10λԪˮۺս10ΪǶ֮ʯӵ˼ǱĿǰϿ1ܡ
ע⣬ѡеôʣµĲϾͽֻ5ۻеսʿۻеսʿ5ܣôĻеͲȫ壬ս½


85 ʵս
Ԫ˱3ף38֣2֣ˮ¯΢ʹԪռ䣬ս뾶1450ڲԪռΪ30*60*60Ҫ10000.1λԪˮ
ߣ3ף8֣عѧϵͳˮ¯๦ܴɱ⣬ս뾶1000Ҫ1ۺս8
װáظװú󣬸ս˶ӵзҪ5000
ɱߣսսλ2֣ˮ¯ս뾶2000Ҫ5000
СԶξƶҪ4֣͸ˮ¯СʹԪռ䡣ս뾶1ڲԪռΪ100*500*500Ҫ101λԪˮ5000֡ۺս9
Ѳ󽢣4֣͸ˮ¯ս뾶1ڲԪռΪ100*500*500Ҫ101λԪˮ5֡
źĸ䱸1000սɻ4֣͸ˮ¯ս뾶1ڲԪռΪ100*500*500ӵڲ졢޸սɻҪ501λԪˮ50֡
Ԫ£ڲԪռΪ100*500*500Ҫ11λԪˮ
ʵսգȫģ䱻ȡսսԼʵսˮƽ

һװҪ֮еսͳͳǹڣһȼͬʱ˴ǿսֱ֡
Щֱ־ɵϹźά֮3796άɵ֡
һĨ֮ɫۺս10ҲζһͷӵпȴʿսĻеһǿԼĻе̫ˣе
ǣˣ
һͷսȴʿĻеڸ֮ǣ֮һԾΪսڰʿѧԺǿڡ
1ƶҪر֮ӵ˴ת֮󣬴ԪˮתѾԶȹȥҪɵöࡣĿǰӵеԴһʱܹת100λĴԪˮѾҪȥѰҴԪˮˡ
3796ʵĿǰֲĴ㣬Ƿ񽫾ͺŵս¯ߵȼսˣ
Ŀǰ֮ǵһ޴ıÿһ춼дָĿʯɳȻΪһܼսˡ
֮ǵΧվޣֽҲʮޡӴĻеŵĿֲЧ֮£һʼݽߡĻеҲԴ޷š
ڸ֮ǵ˰붼漯ֳһֹĿʯһҪнˮԼá
һôڿʯ¾ͽͺŵս˻¯ɡ
ǣ
´һϵе֮뿪ƶװҪڲ
ϧҵΧ̫СˣչޡÿٲԴˣȻһ֮ǣҵ󡣡
ˣû֮ᡢѪҩҩȥÿһƿۡ߱˼Ȼǰһ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮ᡢѪҩҩǶҩڲϺ͹գʦҩĳɹʶʮֵ¡ӵдת׾پܹҩֱӺϳɣóȥۣܹһۡ
ȻʵƵ𵴵ܹܲͻάǵۣ
άһսʱµ7е޷ƿάϵۡάдľˣɱͷֲϹź
Ƶ𵴵ѾƿάϵۡĿǰϷάǴȫʢʱڣڶսܻܹסж
һᣬڽûе֮󣬵һԴϳɻ֮ᡢѪҩҩ
ǣˣ
ôʵսʱˣһǷһһԲεʵս˽ȥ
ѡΣԭɳĮƽԭСꡢɭ֡󡭡߻ϵΡ
ѡΪһʿᣬսصΪƽԭ
˽⣬ʼʼ
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˫һ㷢ԼѾһƬԲٹﶼƽԭĵطǰ֮վһͷǺ֮Сݵ˲ᡣ
սʼ
һո𣬶ĲĬģһӣһֱֶ
ۣ֮汾ܵķ˲䳤˺ɫۣػ


86 ѵ
ޱȵķһϣֱӸо֮һ
˺㣡˫âһţһΣŲֱ˹ȥ
ӵ˶Ѫ֮ԶԶڲ֮ϡյ˵Ӧͬ޵еĴڡ
Ŀ䣬Ĭģŵһָһִٴӵͬһһϯȥ
ɫ䣬Ӷצһֱִն顣
һص˲䣬һֻħצֱӴ͸ֱ࣬˳
ôҵʺѪ֮Ȳǿö࣡
һɾʹ֮д˫һڣֱӴʧ
ʵսϵͣµʵսȼʿǽܺõĶ֡
ѡǣսΣƽԭ
˽⣡
˫һٴγһƬƽԭ֮ϡǾվǰʮ֮
սʼ
ʾոսһΣͬһͷͻһ㣬ֳ䵶ͷǿγһ֣ͬһӶȥ
ۣ֮
ոԶԼ츳û뵽ôӦͱǺݺһն壬ͬһڵϡĺ֮۷ǿʱѾһˡ
һشֱ֮ӷе䵶ʹõļһĽĹؽһһж£Ȼײޱȵץȥ
ĥ֮󣬻ʹȥ˫һڣֱʧ
ҵʵսʵ̫ˣʵսȼµڵʿĳ̶ȡЩյ
ܿһƽԭ֮ϣһʿ
Ǵʿʵ̫ࡣĿһʿһһȻһȭͽһʿֱӴ򱬡
ָһ֮㿪ʼѡʿΪԼĶ֡
ʿȻЩѲͬһǰȻ׾ٵĸɵ
ͿʼԴʿʿѧͽΪˣʵս治ϵԼʵսԼַʵս
ʵս֮Уĸʵսһֲֿٶšÿһս֮涼зʡԼսĲ㣬ȻԼʵս
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ȫǣҹ̻츳֮۵汬˿ֲսܾ˵ķʽǻĥˡ
һλʿг˿ϲ˷ܵͶս֮УΪֲϵĥԼս
ÿ춼ھ֮湹µһģͣɹ֮󣬱ʵս֮ǲս
ܿԭܹɻǾͳΪ˱ʵ鷨Ķ
Űɱ֮ѡ֮Сݵ˲ս
ȻͬΪһʿǿߣΪʽʿĲʿǿֹ벨սȫһ浹
Ȼȫڲ֮ϣȻֵķɱһһΡ
ÿһζ˼ƽ֮ѧϰսķµķԼս
֮Сݵ˲Ȼֻһʿ۷Ĵڣֲ˶ħѪȻֻмħѪȴҲѾʮǿ󣬼ʱսʮַḻͬ޵УĶʿ
ȻֲĺѪȻǲĶ֡ڲϵս֮ҲһֲֿٶȽɱ䣬еǱȫ˳
һ֮һƬƽԭ棬˺۵һצڳ˲ࡣ
ڸɵˣ췢һХХ֮г˵Ļϲ
һ֮ڣǱŰˣ֪˶ٴڲУڽɵ֤ʵеĴﵽһʿ۷֮
ʵս֮뿪ֱ˾ʯǳڵȪԡڣȥֱȥ
һ泩ĸо˲֮ƣ͡
ˣΪ𣿡
˫ֻۣԸз˫Сһ㣬Ը˵ٴһֵ͸˿³ȹ֮ϴһĨɬӯӯ
濴Ը˳ȻϢ٣˫ۼ𣬿ڸһֱ֮ӿֱӴԡ֮ٵľ֮УһѽԸзŮ§뻳Уѹԡһԡ


87 
ֲѪ֮ҶĳЩЩ½
Ȫԡ棬濴˻еһۡʱɣⵯŮѾ죬˫ۣ΢΢ĴϢţͬһֻСèһĻСǸģЩ
ڴԽʿ֮һֱһ־̵״̬Լѧϰһ֪ʶŮûãڲһζɿڵ㡣
ѾһʿҲЩԱˡϾʱ䣬һҲ渧ǳԵĹ⻬΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ҵĵҲǿ󡣾ԲֹͣǰĽŲһ뵽ǳ֮µһͷۡ
˿ƿ֮СѾʵʵ˳档ǳ֮µϲ֣ѾƤ̵ֱ
һ뵽Ҫδ½֮ǿĴʿΪУͷƤ΢΢Щ顣
ǻеսȴʿֶȴȲĴʿǳ֮µĿֲҪɱһʿֶβҪ̫ࡣ
ĿǰĴĸѡ񡣵һǰ֮̽աڶǰλ档ǰ۹˵ǰطչ
񱦲ΣѶ̫ߡλѶδ֪ǿڱߵ磬Ŀǰʵǰʮֲǡ׶˹ڵĻ۹һѡڣں۹ķչͿ°빦Һ۹ҲԴĳҵҩš
۹Ǻ֮յ밲ʿѧԺ֮ͬʿ͸˺۹ĸ䡣ں۹棬߳ϵʿں֮СֻһЩвɢں۹ƶޱȵĻɽҰ湶Ӳд
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Ǻڲ˿޳֮ϡٹһСΪȣʯѩЦӯӯİһſˮĿУ˿һ۹鼮Ķš
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ṩĴҩİ֮£͵Ҳһ֮ǰͻƽΪһʿӵ˿һʿǿսð͵¶ġ
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ˣǵˣڷ֮⴫˰͵¹
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ȡһһֱӶһʿ׶˹µˣ
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ǷΪڳڳסź۹ĸ߼Լʿ۹ĻʹԼ֮ܲλںǵڳһЩͨסĵط


88 λ
׿ˣװֵܣܹ㣬̫ˣ
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׶˹֮׶˹֪˶ٷ뽫ڵҺ̬еİ취һͳͳʧܣ׶˹ĥü
׶˹òǲԸ⿴档
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׶˹ϵǲ֪ΪʲôһѶ̱˽˻´ǶӦ˿ҵ
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ȻҲʯѩרطͻƶʿıϡʯѩ˻ϲ﹦ϣŹΪʿ
﹦طڸ߼طһʿҼǶϵĲ֣֪ʿŮԼѩ׸ĴʿѩŮʿСѩ׸ǿλͬǺ֮ĺ䡣һʿҲͰˣһ﹦ʿͻ⵽ѩ׸׷ɱ
ŮҲѩ׸ʿ׷ɱ治òбҰ֮צ£ŻҪһطô׶˹Ǳ§ڻеٺͷֵ˿һۣһĨʺĽ֮ɫС
ѩ׸𣿡ʳָ㣬˼ǷеȥֱӰѩ׸ƽƵ
Ȩ滹Ƿջ뷨ǻеȻӵпȴʿĿֲսʿԼϳܹӳԽһĿֲս
ܹѩŮʿճɵĻеǿѩ׸ʤҲǲʤһû֮ǣֻ»ûüʤʵͻᱻδ½
ҾҪ﹦طû·
׶˹̹Ȼ֮ںһᣬ౦ۡҲ﹦Ÿ߼طϵطһֱʿһкܶᡣеħʯʮа˾ǣ
ǿʿطޱȣֻضȺܹɹҲᡣ
׶˹Ȼ֮ܵ˰谮еĲƸҲ޷Щ˼Ϲȡ
Щҩ֮󣬹һӣǴԪ֮һ·ɳһҩ
ҩôࣿ
׶˹һҩһ£ɫʱ䣬һĻҩֱԼ۾Щ
һҩһֻÿһֻҩ5000ħʯϡһҩͼֵ50ħʯϡһֵ5000ħʯϡ
׶˹ȫʲҲδܹó5000ħʯ
浭Ѫҩ֮ҩÿһһ䣡
Ѫҩ֮ҩÿһ䣡׶˹Ըǵһ˫۳˲š
Ѫҩ֮ҩں֮Ҳʮ׶˹ĵλѪҩÿҲֻܹ䵽һֻ֮ҩмУֻܹǮ֮ҩʿ󹺣һ޶һҲ򲻵ֻ
ҩһ㶼ֻ㣬ÿһֻѪҩ֮ҩܹΪһЩСĻѹĺñ澹Ȼһóһ䣬Ǽʶ׶˹Ϊ֮𺳲ѡ
΢΢һЦȥЩҩ֮ҿԸ۵һɡЩħʯװԼȻѺ۹Ļλ
׶˹ǰ۰ӣͬʱǺ۹ھ˳λļ̳ˣӵм̳к۹Ļᡣ
۹ߵȨں֮С֮϶ǴʿǿߣǶ֪ʶ׷֮У׵ȨٸȤ
֮۹ߵȨں۹ĻʵСһ׶˹Ϊ۹Ļʵۣں۹ͻˮ޾ĺô


89 ֮
׶˹һĨҰĵĻ˷ܵãԭûʲôϣ̳к۹ĻλȻ֧֣Ҿͺƴһƴ
׶˹ʵˣˣҩÿܹҶ٣
ÿҶóôķ
׶˹۾һȻЦһµôҩһԷųȥֱӳгҪάּ۸񣬻Ļյÿֻܹķ
ѪҩޱȣֻһʿʿЧһʿҲ͹һƿԼƿʱʹá
֮ԸʵҩҲֻһЩʿʿŲܹõ
΢Цֶ֧οһ㣡ɽƽʳءϸֿ֡ʯԡ
ʿ֮ĽһҪħʯΪɽƽʳЩͨʿǶء
׶˹¶һ˿ЦĻÿ4
˿ۺ챧ֱۣϷǰ֮ҲһЩһЩݶ𣿡
˿һʮִŮˣϷǰ֮ҲʶҩĴҩˡ֮ᡢѪҩмУ۵ҩֻҪŪ־ܹܿȥ
Щ˿εãÿ1ķݶôҲ׶˹һҸۼ۸һΪ󡣡
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ѾʯѩúõġѾɳһĴڡȻҲѾΪһʿҺ˿ʯѩ衣ҲŪһЩҩȥһЩ˽Ǯ
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׶˹ôǺ֮ôǺ֮ԺѪΪĵһʿš֮ĸ߲ȫӵкѪѪʿӵкѪʽһʿֻҪǺܹ֮ΪһӾӵһӾΪء
֮΢΢һ㶣һᣬ΢΢һãҾͼ֮ˡ
һӾԼзԲСĿǰ֮ǵΧҲֻǧƽһӾ൱ڽΧ˳ʮ֮һԴȻʮ⡣
Ȼ˰ʿѧԺѧϰ԰ʿѧԺûʲôͬС֮Ҳûκϰ
ǳ֮µ׷ɱû첻ȥĻں۹ߵһӾ죬ͿԺܿ춫ɽ𡣽߾
׶˹΢Ц˫ģʮƯԸеŮ;˽ôڴȥѪ⣬죬ͺúϢһ°ɡ
΢΢һЦŮ˽ȥ
ڶ峿Թһٷʢ֮׶˹˺۹ʹһԵһ֮ڡ
һòӢӭ׶˹˸кȻĿ׶˹£磡һλǣ
׶˹׿ˣ֮ĺѣѪӵߡҵȰ˵֮£ӦǺ۹ΪǺ۹һӡ̩ϣΪһѪ
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̩ϣȡһֻƵͲһ֮ϣ˴Լ10ѪҺȻһ·ĵˮ֮ϡ
ѪҺһˮ֮ϣһĺӰˮ֮ڶһɿֲ췢һ޴Х֮
ǿǸ߼ŨȵĺѪ
ǶŨȵĺѪ
ȻǶŨȵĺѪǴ֮󣬵һӵжѪˣ
˭ȻӵжŨȵĺѪ

Ǵ֮ڣе˶ˣһǿľϯ
ŨȵĺѪ׿ˣӵŨȵĺѪ̩ϣгȻ¶ޱȵ׿ˣҵСŮһʮꡢһʮ꣬ʮϣܷǼͣһһҹ
Ѫʿط֮⣬ҪľѪŨȡӵжѪŨȵѪʿѪʿ


90 Ѫ
׶˹ǰһЩˣ̩ϣȥ˰ɡˣ׿ѡһһķأ
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ˣ˧磬ҽɯܹȥȱ֪һҾưɣľƺܲ
ո׶˹һһͷɫԸзһ߰ˣһɳĴŮһĨЦӯӯ
ɯҹ˧ҿеˡ㲻뱻һٵĻ͸ҹһɫ̷һɫԸиߴٶòŮӴһɰԵϢȵ
ɯźɫŮӣйâ䣬ҧ˵һߣһ߳氵ﲨ
ԸŮӰʮһ֣һԵļһʿŮֹֻܹǰ氵ﲨ
ɯǺħѪһʿħֻǺħ潻ϵ֡ĺħҲֻʿˮƽЩħԶܽΪʿҲԶ޷ԽǺѪǿߣǺѪʿĸӹ
ҲӵкѪһʿһǿļŮ֮һ׶˹ڽɯʱЩΪ⣬ʱȴһ˿ء
ߵǰϸµĴ棬ͬһͷɫϸĹ۲һŮԵǲŮһ
ڴԽ֮ǰֻһͨķϲĵˡֲϹźάǵѪΪһʿ֮ʡò˷츲صĸı䡣ûб֮ǰҲѾһΪӢӡױ˱Ϊ׿֮ͬһʲòӢ˧硣
ϸĴ֮΢΢һֱӵˣС˧磬ҽҿˣߣȥһ͡
ӵкѪʿ϶еӢŮŮǷŵϾУԸˡԸڨʮĸоһڴӦ󣺡ðҽ׿ˡ
׶˹һȣϻףǺѪʿٶһ˵ףƻᡣǻЩ׼İɣ
һ䣬һЦĹС˧磬
׶˹Ѹٵ뿪Ǹ
뿪֮׶˹Ů˳ò˽Щã׶˶ʮĻһ򲻴顣
ʼôһ˵ҶûʲôȤˡ
ĿǰݵλҪʲôŮûУʺò˿ʯѩ˦֪֡٣ҲֻǱǷȱһЩŮ˵ķ顣
׶˹һЦʧѪŨȣŮڣӡ
ЩŹֵĿ׶˹һ۵ǲǾ£
׶˹ޱȵǵȻҵѪŨȻȲҲӵеѪŨȡЩħᡢħߡӥЩӹŮһҵӣһ˺ӣ㲻ĺѪҲЩ͵ѪѪŨȡ
׶˹Ľ֮Уſʼ׵ѪŨȶЩѪʿҪԡ
׶˹ӵеȺѪŨȵѪʿʿ˳µ顣ֻнʿŻһѶȡǸߵȺѪŨȵѪʿʿҲֻʱ⣬ΨнʿŻ޴ѡѪŨȵѪʿʿûѶȣҴʿϵļʡ
ǵ͵ȺѪŨȵѪʿֻܹ֤ΪһʿȻڳʿϾͻƿ͵ȺѪŨµѪʿǽʽʿʮѣͨʿҪɹʸҡ
ѪŨԽߵѪʿõѪŨҲϸߡһѪŨȵѪʿµҲӵеȺѪŨȵѪʿпܵߵȺѪŨȵѪʿ
ӵкѪʿħᡢħӵǧ˿ƹϵѪʿϵһпĺѪʿ㲻ǺѪʿµĺҲѪŨȽϸߵѪʿ
Ѫ֮ѪʿıԴҲѪʿĴиΪ˱Ѫ֮ǿѪʿڲͨʮƵȻˣЩѪʿѪȻһϱϡ
Ϊ˻ǿѪЩѪʿԲϧһдۡħᡢħߡӥѪʿ֮Ի۹һʮҪԭҪúѪʿӣ֤ЩѪʿ岻ΪѪϡԵʣֱ̭ʿ硣


91 
ҹһĹ֮ڡ
Ǵһһ̤빬Ϳǹ֮վŵŮЩŮǼȫǿ󲿷ֶǿһʿһЩҲʿѧͽʿѧͽĴڡ
һ빬֮ڣǹ֮еŮ۾һ׷˹
ã׿ˡҽаɯܹ֧𣿡һһͷɫԸУźɫòɢһԼʮ˾ŮһĨߵǰȻһЦ֡
ã׿ˣҽаȣ֧裬𣿡һһͷɫĻԸУɫͯվĽⵯ˹èϴ崿Цǰ֡
ã׿ˡ

ǹŮȿֺļߣභޣӿȨ
ЦĿǰһĻг˴̼˷ܡĸо
ЩΧߵŮ϶ԺħᡢħߵȸںѪѪʿ塣ÿһӵòǿޱȵʵڵ֮ϣǶǾӢ֮еľӢԲ࿴ͨһۡڣȴȿֺģĳңζͨĵõ˼㡣
һһͷɫһ׾ţĸߴǰ͹̣ѩɢſֲһ·߸ϵŮһĴṲֱ̊˹֮ڡ
Ůһ̤빬֮ڣǿֲĿ⣬Ŀ֮ЩĿⶼ˼ɵη塢ɫ
ɫĴŮɨһۻߵŮǣüͷһ壬ϵĺȵЩСһҹ
ЩΧߵŮתһǳɫĴŮһЫһһ֮һĵ˵һߡ
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ʱһŮߵλĸоֽܵɯֱӴȻϲŮǹȴǿҵĴ壬ɲԸΪһŮ˵ô
ȤСһȻҷң̫˼ˣɯȻһЦһͷų˿ֲޱȵǿʿ۷Ŀֲѹ˲䱬֮ϡ
ʿ۷Ŀֲѹ֮£ɫ䣬ת֮мصطޱȵĵֵŰɯĿֲѹҧأվš
ˣס֣ɯڻĶ
ʱһԴһһһͷɫ˫ͬ峺׵ʯһ㣬ĻԸУǻȴһɱɽʵľɫŮ˹
һǿޱȵǾɫŮɢ밬ɯĿֲѹ˴ϢĻᡣ
ɯתЦܣһ˲ٴɫҲʼĶ𣿻˵Ϊ˲Ǽ壬ҪһͷӢǿ׳ѪŨȸߵ
֮һĨŭ⺮죡Ҳȥ̨һ
̨Ǻ۹רΪ۹֮ʿǽ׼ĵط۹ʿ֮һ޿ɻ𣬾ͻѡ̨ط˷֣ͻ֮ܵǿ׷ɱ
Ϊǿʿ֮սƻֲ̫ЩʿҾٷ˶ɱ
ɯЦ˵˰ɣܣ̫ˡΪԼɡͷӢСҺ⣬ҲԸֻҪ㸶ó㹻ĴۣҾͰøˡôӢ˶ǣҲһҲҪһϼӣҵĵߡ
ǾƥӢСҲһôҪҲߣֻҪһʮ˸Ӿˡ
һɫĸɫ̷òɢһӢʵŮҲЦ˹ɢſʿ۷Ŀֲ
ʿ۷ĿֲŮͷųĿֲ᳡֮м˶ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѹ뿪Ů˵ߡ
ǿֲλãһƱȻԻһŤתݣȻֱӷ顣һҲȻŤֱۣȻǿʵ÷顣ֹ󲻶ϵĵȻֲʿ֮±ʵ÷顣


92 ἤ
ɯȻ΢Ц򿨣ҪƥӢСֻһѵȻƽͷСʹȨôȸһ£ҪӵʱٰѽáҲûӡ
΢΢һ΢Ц⣡ܣôƥСĻôֻܹɯˡϾѪŨôߵСǰѵһҵҪҲߣӵʱһþС
һԾţЩ
ܡɯŮÿһʮֳɫǿ󡣾ǿƵĶδ½֮ҲǽڴʿǿߣλޱȡɫŮᣬʮָˣֻǱһƥĻŮˣҲź
һȣ˽ҵʹȨѵ˵Ը𣿡
ɯɨһۣ֮һĨ֮ɫԸСΪʿ֮󣬲ʸƽȶԻȻܹΪʿĻҵŮūҲûŶ
ӵжѪҪʿҲûô򵥡ʿʿҲһ޴ɱͽʿʿ֮Ĳ࣬ʿѧͽһʿ֮Ĳô޴
֮ӵеĴʿҲֻˡʿǺ֮ǧʱ֮лĵ̡
ʱ֮У֮ҲֹһӵжѪţһѪ֮Уڳɳ֮ǰ䣬ʮΪʿȴֻΪʿǽʿѶȿ֪
ɯŮֻǿ֮еѪ֮汾˿ûи飬̸һ飬ֻг˼
룬ӦûкƽȶԻʸ񡣡浭һЦһһɫĹâĴԪ֮з˵ϡ
һһߣһϹۣڸؽ֮ŷУͬһͷξһĻеսʿߡ
ǻеսʿ΢ͳˮ¯ȫһʮֹ죬ȴʿ۷Ŀֲ֮밬ɯŮ໥⣬·磬ػס档
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΢΢һЦڻѪż淢һЩСߡЩСӦÿʸƽȽɣ
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һܻеսʿ˫ۺһ΢ͳˮ¯תȻһצͬһŰɯֱץȥ
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һǰɯȻ֮н֮˫֮һĨ׺֮ɫָһܻеսʿѸٵĴĴԪ֮з׺ޱȵŰɯֱȥ
ͬʱһ8ֱܱӳǰ߾ٶƣſһ3ֱֽػС
3ֵػ֮£3Ҳûôײ档䡢ȻķҲѴ3Ӱ쵽档
ס֣׿ˣɯɫ䣬һУһָ׻˲ʩչһСѹŸܻԪص׻ХһܻеսʿֱӺȥ
׻֮Ҳƻǿļַ֮һʿֱҲܵشһܹݻһ޴¥
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ܡŮֱվһߣʩչ׻ըನֱӵ¡ǿǻеսʿһצ׻֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ׻򣬾ǿҲֵֻܹ߷


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һܻеսʿֱӷ˰ɯ󣬺ݺһŻ˰ɯķϣֱӺɵ˵ϣһѪ
ЩܣŭˣɯһΣһ·˫֮ӿſֲķŭǿޱȵ֮ͷŶ
ʿ۷ĿֲһȫͷţǴ֮ڣʽʿ֮⣬˶еһѹ֣Ϣĸо
üͷһˣɯȥҾҪˣ
΢΢һЦҲ˹ɯҪˡȻҲֻܹˡ
һӣܻеսʿҲֱӷӻصǰĶŰɯ
һʿǿϯ˰ɯ
ѪʿĽԶͳʿҪɵöࡣ۹ʿ˵֮ڡ
ɯɫ䣬Ϣһһâϣâʧ֮ϾͱһЦ׿СܵܣðɣҳʸƽȶԻˡ
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ɯᵽۻеսʿǿһһĻĽۻеսʿ˺飬һԶĻʤϡǿĻеܣΪ֮ߡ
ܡԼ֮еĳԱĿⶼǻеսʿжĽ̰֮ɫ
һۻеսʿȫΪһʿĵ̣١ǧꡣʿӵһۻеսʿҲԼԼս
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ۻеսʿʹϹźάƬɵеսλ˻е֮ҲֻܡȻ׳ǿսλ
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һĨâ΢΢һЦԶģǺ۹׷߶Ķɯóȼ۵ƷǿԽжʮ׷ߵĶĶһܣۼ5000ħʯͬȼֵĻƽ𡢿ʯģ͡ᡢֵܵȼ֮ҶĶʤĻܾˡ
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ڶδ½ߵʦҲֻܹƳʿսܡʿǵǿƳһʿܣЩʿĿҲҪ7000ħʯࡣ
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ȻɯƷֵȲۻеսʿҿҽǵħʮָȤûмƽеĲۡ
һòӢһͷɫ̷Ŀ࣬棬ü֮ɢһɰԵ֮΢Цߵߣ׿ˣҶһҲʮָȤⳡľ֣Ҳɣ
׶˹ʩչֱӴҶԼӵжʿ۷ΪҲҳΪ۹ʵĶ֮һҪСġ
΢΢һЦֻҪܹõó㹻ħʯȫû⡣
Լ΢Цһеӵ˿ĺֵӦò5000ħʯɣ
һػôռԼһǧƽ൱ڸ֮ǵʮ֮Ǻ֮лӵ˿ڣǾһޱȵĺ졣ھӪĻÿһܹóһħʯĸʡ
֮֮ÿֻܹ3000ħʯΪп֮ԼȫˡҲûԼΧ֮ڽоӪ3000ħʯֻ˰õ˰𡣵Ȼô٣Ҳ͸֮Χ֮˿ڴΧо÷йϵ
Լķ棬Լ൱ʵһĴڣ֧500˵ˡҷп϶˵ԼóĵǸֵԲ5000ħʯ


94 ۹ʵ
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洫ӦҸҩģӮҵģˣٸһͬҩ
׶˹΢΢һЦԼƵԼҾ͸һκˡһֻҩһֻ֮ҩһֻѪҩġװĸ磬ܹõóôĶĽ𣿵ȻΪܵܣҿһЩССòħʯҡʳϡеķʿ֪ʶ֧
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һ󻶺֮ǻʼҴ󾺼֮ٴαɯһĴŮһʿ۷ǿڣ۹ʮļ֮һСܹĴڡ
ڶδ½棬ħʦʦʦ³ʦȴҲһЩʿΪ֮УЩλĴһ֣û˱ӻĻֻбһ;Ȼе֪ʶʿӶһգԼϵ档
³ħʦʦʦЩڸⱩ¶Լ٣һ¶ͻᱻʿֱץӶһУȻʵ顣ɯܹ³ΪЧѾʮֲ򵥡


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ħӥϵĳ츳ǸȸҪǿᡣ֮з裬ֻҪһӣʿҲûмܹɵ׿Сӵս̫ǿˣ

ǻʼҴ󾺼棬еĹ嶼һĻסˣ۷׷ס
ħӥȻǶʿĶ֣ȴɱĶ֮һһЩʿҲûʲô̫õֶλɱ֮пǿĳĳﾹȻӲı׿СӴˣЩ۹ĹǶЩš


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̫ˣ̫ˣ

Ǻ۹ʼҴ󾺼֮еĹǶһж𺳡ٹж˷ܡ
۹Ѿƽǧ꣬춯صսʮټѪʿڴ󲿷ֶͺöѪҺŮʿҲԶͨҪöö࣬ЩǲûбսţоʮȤ˷ܲѣŮҲ⡣
ɯԼ˼һĻɫһ±ʮѿ
׶˹һ¶һ˿Цݡ
΢΢һӹһĨЦ⡣
ս֮ϣɯСӵʮǿڻ𸲸ǵķΧ֮羪֮һ㶫˺һӣǵصڻûٴ֮һһƬص֮ڻ
һĸߴòӢԵʮָ붯ֶˣάŵˣ
һݵĬĬĵ˵ͷĬģһһƴСİ֮һųһ⣬ӭǣһ±һȸߴʮף׵İ֮š
ǰ֮һ˸ۣЩʹͳʮöߵħʯԼʮÿеħʯһǶһ˸֮ϣͬʱĬģǰ֮һָ
һɫķâӵһȰ֮ϣһȰ֮ŶʱųһޱȵɫâڵĿռҲһŤһͬˮһ


100 ٻʿ
һߴףףһͬĺɫ׿ǵĶͻһȰ֮Ѹٵ˳
ǰ֮һͷߴʮףӵĶԵۣɫĶıҲֱӷ˳
ǰ֮żϣһͷһͷһһȰ֮ԴԴϵ˳
۾һٻʿٻʿ̫ˣɯСԻȻٻʿڡֻҪٻʿ㹻ʱԴǱһֲֻľӡٻʿҪԴ̫̫࣬ѣѾʮټɯСӾȻһٻʿֱ̫ˡ
ٻʿһ׿СҪ군ˣ
治ǰɯȻٻʿҲܹ
̫ˣȲ뿴׿СӿһȺģ

ٻʿһ֣Ǻ۹ʼҴ󾺼֮ϵһֱеĹһֱ˷ǰɯСӵʤڴ
ٻʿҲʿ·еһٻҪоٻλǿ󳬷ԼħħһǿĴڽΪԼսٻʿõٻҪĲϣٻλǿڣвͻܵɡٻʿȻǿȴҲû䣬ר·ȻٻоʿҲ٣Ƕרҵٻʿ
ȻŰɯɯٻʦٻĳǳ˶ʮֻս˰ɡ
ɯһЦٻʿȷʵһʿٻʿһٻϣٻĳȻսһ֡ȫûгսơ
ԼһЦûٻٻʵһ֣ٻʿĴڡ׿ˣò㳣ʶɣ
ȻһЦҲѹ֡Ͼ׿֮ǰûлϵͳ֪ʶɣһúϵͳġ㣬Ϊһɫʿ
浭һЦתͷ۾һԲBƻ
ս֮ϣһʿǿһĨǰĴԪ£һܼܼ˸ͻ8еǹת˰˱Ƶ𵴵8ͻеս֮ϡ
ɯһܼ8սӿһ˿ԤУɫ䣬ȵ׿ˣʲôôĿѾ20˵ƣ
ԼɫҲˢһ±Щ԰ףѿ˼㣬ҲΪŭ΢΢Ķ棬·Ҫֱ˺顣
ҲĿ档
΢΢һЦһĨɯٻٻʿʵһ֡ȻҲʿһ֡ЩܣȻʿƵĿܣҵ׷ߣȻҲ׷ʵһ֣͸رһѵ𣿡
ɯɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫһĬ
Լ۹سǰɯҲܹʧȥȡ
һͷһͷĳǰٻ֮˳һ߳ʮͷʮͷһ
ɯСӵʿѸٵĸһͷӳ˸ָԷ
һͷ˷ӳ֮ʵȻһֹ
ٻʿһٻһͷ֮Ѹٵ̷˺üƿҩȻСӵķһָ
һͷӵвͬܵĳѸٵСڵطȥ
䣡䣡䣡
ЩһǱ鲼ĺ߸ӦڱڻЩк¡
ڻ֮Уһͷһͷĳﱻķѡ
ٻʿӦԼٻĳﱻһһɵͷʹѣѪ
Щٻʿٻĳﶼٻʿӵһ˿ϵһͷûʲôϵȫɵҲͷϵˡ
濴ٻʿĳڻ֮һһ鵭һЦ̫ˡҵ׷ǵĻеֵܻûУ̫ˡ
ɯԼ˵ɫԱøѿ
ɵƯǣ
׿СӣɵƯ֧ǣǰɣ

ǻʼҴ󾺼֮ϵĴ󲿷ֹ嶼ңĬЩֹ׿СӻʤĹһͬ˼Ѫһ˷ؽе
ûа취ˣֻܹռƻˣɯС֮Уһһɫ֮ڵĶʿ
ٻʿ΢΢һĬģȻǰ֮һָһĲƴǰ֮ɢ
ٻʿٻĳһǰ۶أɿļǰ֮ǰ


101 ۾ħ
ٻʿԥһ£һĨĹâֱһھѪǰ֮ϣͬʱóһѪɫıʯֱӶǰ֮ڡ
ǰ֮һһ
ٻʿĬģǰ֮һָ
ǰ֮һһɫĹâûЩٻĳڡ
һͷͷٻʿķ˳ʱռĳͷ­һֱըѣȡһգûһȰ֮ڡ
ãһĻɫ΢΢һ䣬һսĴʿ´
һʿһؿڵĴԪ£һ޴ĽǴԪ֮зɳһööָСԲεĺ̽˲Ǿ޴Ľ浯ŰɯСڵķλȥ
һ̽һ䵽ϣһۿĺ֯γһźߴдͳͳա
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ڱصĸֻѸٵĵڿڣڻ׼ޱȵǰ֮ڵķλ
ֻҪ֮Ŵݻ٣ٻʿˡ
סǻһɫ棬·СӶӳһʿɫ
âһ޴ĹǱȻǰ֮Ϸ
ʮھڵǹǱ֮ϣֲıըǹǱֱըñ顣
ǹǱܸո飬һ޴ǽٴ۳ͣ˰֮Ϸ
Ǿ޴ǽҲûгŹը֧顣
һһķѸٳȻ͵ڻ֮ȫ顣
ǰɯСʿǵƴ֮£ӲĶסǵصĿֲڻչֳ˷˰Ŀֲ
ʱһȰ֮һһߴʮף·һͭһ㣬ֱۣòɢſֲĹǰ֮˳
˿ͷӰ֮߳Ĺ֮˵ǳ۾ħеı۾ħı۾ħӵ۷Ŀֲһͷٻʦ̫ˣȻܹٻײеһ°ɯСʤˡ
۾ħλ֮һǿޱȵ壬˿ȾһҪһͷı۾ħս˵ȰɯѪѪʿѷһѪѪʿĶ֡һͷı۾ħȫһһСҡ
˺׿Сӵͳͳ˺ɣ
ϣɵЩֻʹսķ
˺ǣ˺ɣҿעҪʧЩ

ı۾ħ֣ʼҴ󾺼֮ڵһٴη˫۷һͷı۾ħȫӵתսֵĿֲ
ɯԼ򿨵ɫһºࡣ
׶˹ɫˢһ±ʮѿ
ܵüͷҲ΢΢
һͷı۾ħո֮߳Ųãһֻīŷצӵľ޴ƴȰ֮Ȼһץסͷı۾ħԴһš·һֻһֱӽı۾ħԴ󱬡
һųݣɢŨŨѪζѪڴǰ֮ſһҧֱӽͷı۾ħһ븹С
һѪڣں۹ʼҴ󾺼֮˵ɫ䣬ǶܹӦѪ֮д޾а֮
һֱЦҲЦݣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ٻʿλٻʱʵõٻʿὫһЩλĿֲٻЩλĿֲڣ඼ɱԣһʿ磬ͻʿ֮дɱ䣬ѪꡣһЩλĿֲڣӵпĿֲĿֲڣδ½֮ûκֲڵĶ֡
ѪڵĴı۾ħ֮һֻŰֻ۾ͷλһڵͷ­ǰ֮żͼǰ֮š
ǿֲ΢΢һײǰ֮ϣǰ֮һѺۣȻǰ֮޷ǿֲڴԽλĵ
ԽǿĴҪ봩Խλ棬ҪķѵԽӴЩǿĴں˲併ĳһ硣
ٻʿҲֱһѪһ±òʮꡣ
ǿֲĴڰ۾һתſһ磬һīһ´Ŀзɳ˵ϣγһߴףŰֻ۾ͷһѪڣͨڣ·һɫ׿ǣ˫˫޳ҳצӵĹһͷǿֲͶӰ


102 ħͶӰ
ǳŰֻ۾ĿֲһͶӰ֮ſһǰɯСӵĶʿһͬһ㣬޷֮ľͱ˿С
ѪһϣһޱȵĲҽ֮ǿֲڵѪ֮дͬʱüȻѪ֮ⲻϵ䶯
ʿѾڳһĴڣӵпֲǿֲҲ֮ǰøʹѡ
ǿֲ˰ɯСӳٻʿ֮гԱ֮壬ʧǰ֮ڡ
΢ͼǣҷǿѪ꣬Ҿͳǣ
ǳŰֻ۾ĿֲͶӰתͷտȥֻŤתɭɭ
˲䣬ǺʼҴ󾺼ʿɫ΢΢һ䣬ǶܹоԼ·ǳŰֻ۾ĿֲĶţͬһֻܱ߶סһ㣬һɿ־ڶ
ɫ΢΢һͷ˼ɵȻܹͨ׷ݵߣͷ̫ˡ
ǿͨ׷ݵߵĹﱾǿһĿֲڡ
ԭҲɫ԰ɪɪŶˡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ɯСӵʿǰ۹̳֮ʩչķڻֱӽͷֲĹֱɡ
Ȥս𣿿ϧһЩȤ߰ˣҪ˵ңûκοܣ
Ǳը֮УһпЦǹпЦԽһڤڤ֮£ǺʼҴ󾺼˵Ķ߻ص
һԭ׼֮ŵڵֱһɹ֮£׷ƫƣ˾ǰ֮ŵ֮⡣
ֲıը˲佫֮Ŀյغϡãõľ޴󵯿ӡ
ǰ֮λãֻͷ۹ȻվĿգֻ۾Ĺâһɿʿ۷Ŀֲ֮
涢ͷħüͷ΢΢һ壺һͷǿĹãȫԽʿˮƽ
վŲǴʿǿҲ޾ڻ֮зƣȻᱻƬֻҪַͨӦãȫͬǰħĹЧ
Щڻ𶼱ǰħһֱֹŤ˵䲻ҲҪķֵ̫ЩڵըܹɵĵڻĺòΣȫͨʿܹĴڡ
ЩλǿڵͶӰ϶ͬ޵еĴڡҪսʤǼΪѡ
ͷħֻ۾ͷųĹâŤǸڵĵֻ۾һתһսСӵǿߡ
ζѪ꣡ͳͳ׸Ұɣֻ۾һתһЦһޱȵĹâֻ۾֮
ԶʮʿһѪʮֹѪֱӴǵͷ߸֮һ͸ֱӻһѪ˲ȥ
̶̼֮䣬ѪʿĿУڴڵľ׽
ʿһֱӵ䵽˵ϣʬ塣
һĻж΢΢һ
ս֮СӵսʿǸɫ԰ף˫֮г˿־֮ɫײеħָܹսʤĴڡ
ʱʮ8ͻеһ´Ӵ֮зӶֳָƵ𵴵ݺݵնȥ
һȺҲǣ˫֮һĨһΣһͬһһͻеһͷͻеͷ­֮ϡ
һ˲䣬һͻеϵ£ֱӱ飬µ俪
һ֮չ˶Ŀֲݣһƾͽͻеڲȫ飬غҲһ֮ȫ顣
һƷͷͻе֮һΣֱӱܹеǹڻɨ䣬ޱȵĳһͻеǰһצǼܻеزӲĳͻеغ󱬡
Ǽͻеغһ󱬣ʧȥ̱˵ϡ
һĻ΢΢һÿֲħ֣Ȼô̵ʱ֮ھͿ˻еغģǹ
ͻеغλʮأʿܹݻЩͻеҲûô׷غġֻɵһͻеǻеغģĶ֮ǿֱš


103 ʤ
ľͽͻеغֱ˳ǲдͻе嶼ûд
߾ͻеǰ֮ʱǵ߾ͻе˫۵һ죬صԱը˲
ͬһʱ䣬ǲдʮͻеͬʱڵը
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һ춯صĿֲըֱһﷶΧ֮ڣȫǿֲıըȫɡ
ÿһ8ͻеڶпըʿĿֲԱըʮͻеͬʱըֱ춯ءʿ۷ĳвҲᱻը÷顣
ɵ𣿡
Ǻ۹ʼҴ󾺼еĹǶĵĿֲǷĵĿ־塣
ԱȤҪԱɱԱٻҪǿʮпɱң
һЦһЦ̳֮˳
Ҫ
ֻЦݽ˲һ룬һ±þһ֮
ǰ֮Ÿվŵٻʿ˲ѳ飬ѪҺɽ
ʧȥٻʿ֧֣ǰ֮˲飬ըѿ
ǰ֮ըѵһ˲䣬һɹޱȵͶӰ֮ϣֱ֮С
ͶӰܹ磬ȫΪٻʿְ֧֮żٻʿһʧȥֻܹʧعԼ硣
һħֵͶӰȤΪҵоʵƷɣ
һȻսϴһֻ֮ͬצһľ޴צһץӲĴ֮ץסͶӰһˮ֮ڣȻʧ
濴ͶӰ޷֮ıǾ޴֮צץסһݣǿǾǺ۹ŵĴʿȻǿ󣡡
ǻʼҴ󾺼һƬš
һ֮󣬺ܿ΢ЦżޱȵɯСӵгԱζս׿СӻʤΪⳡʵսȲʰɣ
ɵƯ
ҶӮˣ
Ҷˣ

ǻʼҴ󾺼֮һ´󻶺֮ԼƵע´˵ĹҲ׷׹ƣһΪʵĶս
ɯ򿨡Լ˵ɫһ±ʮѿ
һ
׶˹ϲɫϹЦݡ
ҲһɯС֮еٻʿٻλֲڲһתս֡Ա˴8еըٻʿСӲдǿ߾Իᱻɱ
΢Ц׿ˣϲⳡսʤ֪ЩսսǴġ
һĿҲϣĿ֮ж֮ɫǶǶս֮дʵսʮָȤ
£ЩսսҶǴӸ֮ﹺġ֮ǵĳΨһѪǺѡЩսȶʿսÿһҿһħʯļ۸ﹺ򡣡
лڣÿһʮħʯÿһڵһǧħʯڣÿһʮħʯÿһڵħʯǶܻÿһħʯÿһڵ500ħʯĽܵ
治ģķ𣬷Щ涼кţ˭ЩԸѰ·ҷǱ֮еıһлڵĽɱħʯħʯֱӿʮħʯɱۣΪ˺׺۹ԩͷһѡ
ı֮һ½ࡣں۹֮Ҳʿɵر編ڡħܡĺȻս
һô׿ˣͰȥʮսȶʿսܣԼսʮ߰ɡ
ǣ£һЦȴ
ҪЩ8е8еǹĿľΪоЩԺ۹ĿֻҪʵʵĲȫɽկ
Ȼа취ͨķЩսиּܣսĲϽ󵼡սˣɱҲԸߵˡ
⽲˼䣬ֱ뿪
һ֤Աżļֱ𽻸桢׶˹Ϳܡ
ɯ򿨡Լ˼һĻɫʮѿ
ɯ򿨻һ㣬Ϊ۹ļʧ˽ǡһܣԼȴЩԪˡ
ɯŮֱת뿪
ԼȴѸٵĵ飬ϴһ˿΢Цߵǰϲʤ׿ˡ


104 ħҪ
׶˹ǰһǻҪлˣԼ磬ǰһ׿ˣ̫ˡΪĵܵܣΪĿе
ԼƤ΢΢˼飬ȻǿһЦ׿ˣҶеսʮָȤһսô
΢΢Щ⣬һᣬͷã
ȱħʯԩͷףȻ׷Ź׶˹ԼӮһħʯȻòá
Լܿ콫һ棬ڹ֤˵ļ֤֮£ѸٵⶩԼвɹһ3000ħʯľ𡣲ͬʱҲԼ֮ڽ𽻸ԼС
۹ĦɽһƫƧɽһＸʮľ޴ѷ졣
Ǿ޴ѷ棬ڱĸֺڰ԰ĵ硣
紫˵֮ǵʿʳħʳʱһЩʿѵħͨһرٶɵһܲ
ͼĹħħⷴܲʿսǧꡣеķͳͳʿѹӡɱ
ǿߵĽս֮£಻ȶĵط֧飬γһμ½δ½еһδ½ڶδ½棬ҲеĴڡ
ǵ統ħԹɱ⡢⡣طӵжɱĽơȸּ塣μ½Уڵ棬Щʿѵĸֳ嶼˵֮Уγһǿޱȵ
һ㣬ͨľ޴ѷԵʮĵطһΰսҪħҪ
һħҪǺ۹ڵͷ
ǵӵûеԴһЩūǳޱȵɫ޷ɧĺڰڵ粻Ѱɫץ֮Ĺ壬Щϲ֮⣬ǵ֮лĳֲϼѾϹޱȵĿԴ
Ϊ˻ЩԴսݣͬʱҲս֮಻ϽŽףȡ˫õƷ
ħҪڵͷҲһ޴ĵ罻ġÿһ۹ܹħҪ֮лóǧħʯĸ˰ԼָޱȵĵԴ
ħҪһ棬һһĿ࣬һڼУɢſʿֲԼһźɫƤףƤ׽ס㲿λƬڹ⻬¶޺ڰ顣
ӵڷһ͸ˮ
ޱȵĺڰ˿ɧǵû˼أѾʮˡŶҺúô
÷·ණһĿɨڰһۺȣҪңСһ㣡
ڰ鱾ץԼǿԴǵĳѨнϣҵ˸ָι״Ĺн񱡢ʿʮڰǿһĴڡ
Ƚֹ̬һ䣺һľͷ
֮һ˳Ĭ֮С
Ȼ͸ˮһһһˮ֡
ϸĿЩһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬֪ͨЩͼͬ飬ְɡ
õģһĨϲȡһˮĬģˮһָһɫķâˮ֮ϣȻˮֱӻ㱨
ڵҹפħҪΪħ߾ֱЯ뿪Ҫ
ħҪһ˻֮УðߡԼѾħҪ֮еľ񶼷ħҪ
֮һֻɺڰ顢Ѩˡ٪塢ˡؾʳħԼӴγɵ׾ٵĹħҪ
۹׶
ԴӮ밬ɯĶս֮ں֮ˮ׾׶˹Ĵ֮˺ѪʿĹȦ档
ٺ۹Ĺҵ棬Ҫսսȶʿͻе·áһ߶ʿͻеۼ100ħʯ嶼òôħʯӵдĽҡָĿʯԴǶʮԸЩʯԼԴ潻һ߶ʿͻе
Ҳֵʹԩͷǩ˸ֺԼԴԴϵԴͻظ֮ǣһں֮۳˶ʮͻеԼΪͻеԴֵħʯĸˮ
Ǹֿʯ֮£ԭԭϴ󲿷ֱͣ״̬ĸ֮һ»ָ˻ÿеԴԴϵս˱ÿһͻǿʢһ֡


105 Ħ
׶˹ׯ԰Ļ԰֮ڡ
һ§٣һֱʯѩʵŻ
Լ׿ˣľλضѾ׼ˡ׶˹һ£֮гԼֽšӾԼĦһ顣
Щֵʵⲻһ𣿡
ӾͺһһʮɡҪطֿĻŻȽ鷳
׶˹ĦصڵҪħҪǰˡЩĵ幥ռħҪħҪʮֻдԼʮӻ˵硣
üͷһһĨ֮ɫ
Ǻ۹ķɣ׿ΪĦħҪݣ뽫ոͻͷΣҰԺ۹صͳȨ
ƽʱҲͰˣǴڵ鱨Ա鱨ʾĺڰ֯˴ĵ෢ʥսĦΪǺ۹İ˸ڣԻܵҽ
ֲԼôˬóһǶսԭӮûκʧ׶˹ҧгݵ
Ǿסڵܹδ½࿹ûбǵս֮ǿ֪Щ巢ʥսڶδ½һµѡ˭Ҳ֪Щ̾ڵĵ嵽жٵơ
ڰʿʳϹʿǿԽصΪͼʿĵطִʿǿûеڰʿʳϹʿôǿ
üͷ΢΢һôһܹںǴ죿
׶˹ʮ죬ԪԺѾ´ʮ֮ǰĦַħҪһ񡣡
ں֮ˮÿ춼ܹľ׶˹ͬл˾޴ĺô
һ汻Ƶ뿪۹׶˹ͬһֱһҲԼ⡣
˿֮һĨ֮ɫˣ֮ǿơǧ֮ڣǶδ½гʮϵĴʿ̽ʱ伣ݲ²⣬ȫ˵档ڵ巢ʥսʵ̫Σˡ뿪۹ܹһεС
ʮϵĴʿڵ磡һĨ֮ɫ
ÿһʿǿ֮λ棬ҲǺųƴ漶ǿߣʷ֮Լΰ
ǿĴھȻʮڵ磬ǵտɼһߡ
׶˹ȷ˵ǶʮϡǺ۹ݻõ׼ȷ֡Ǻ۹Ҳʿ˵硣
һʵЩʿΪʲôҪðǰ磿
ӵޱȵħֲϹڵѾɵüħڵȴʮͨԴͶԴʿҲо޴ĺôʿǰ̽ڵ֮У˵гĺڡǺ۹ļʿΪɱǵѪŽ˵硣
ǧǺ۹ɹΣͬʱҲʿҲΪɹǺ۹ܹΪδ½һ׶˹
۾΢΢һ
ӵϹźѪ֮ϹźѪ֮㹻ĺѪҲһ˿ϣýΪϹźѪһѪΪϹźѪӵ˽ΪǿʿǱ
ֻҪûô򵥡ÿһͷǿȴʿĴڣʮֽƻͬǱӡ˵άһƾúս˽Ƕ
˿æȰ˵ˣʥսζڽսһ㲻ݵսڰȻʥս巢սһݣﵽĿľݵĿֲսڰĵ̶ᱻáǴʿǿҲпʥս֮СЩڽ̷ȫΪһͣɱҲȫɱ
üͷһ壬ԼΪʲôϵĽһĺ͸
Լȫ뽫ԼװĦϡֲݵʥսԼ֮ǰڰ֮ʲôĹϵʥսǰౡֽԼȫڰ֮սУôҲԵ۹Ļλˡ
Լ̫ˣϵ˺£ĵˡոҶһһԵһҲҵսǱǼһȻ¡һΪʲôԼڶս֮һʾ޴ľ𶩵Щ
˺һᣬ˾ѶʮǰĦ졣
ת˿Ҫ
˿һЦǣˣԸΪһ


106 սĦ
׳λĦ룬ҲĦĶǡ׳ҲĦ֮˿ߴʮľͳС
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ڰͳ˧ĸ磬׾پ͹ħҪϢһ˵ĵӣĹ׳ӿ
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ϵ֮еһźɫħ̺жһĨη֮ɫܹħ̺رֻʿֳԽ˵Ĵڡ
һźɫħ̺֮ϣ温·ƾǳһо۵ס
Щ⣬Ȼά򣡡
ǳſڣаսʿάЩѵȺ׳ǡ
ѾõϢԼѾеȫĦ졣׳ǵ󲿷ֵѾ롣ԭΪῴһҲİ׳ǣȴû뵽ô
ħ̺˿ӵеرȻֻһʿ۷壬ȴѪʿӵвٺñ
˿΢΢һЦ͵Ⲣ⣡ĦȻԼͬʹ˵ĲƲΪάԼ棬ǵȻԷ֯ά򡣡
ЩϧĿųǽ֮ϵһʿ΢΢һ̾ϧʿ֮Щʿͬ棬ûκˡ
׳ΪĦĶǣǳǽ֮޽˾ŸߵʿǾŸߵʿӵоŸʿ򣬾ʿҲܹ⡣
ϧ׳дʿ嶼ѾԼһֻʣһЩС壬ǾŸߵʿղפأҲӲǿԿʿĿֲ
ûǿʿפأһгħ̺׾ٵľͷ˰׳ǣųķȥ
һǳķڶ
֮ųķȥֻͽѾǳ֮ڷŻһͬʱϽ㡢ҺĵĶǳϡ
ʿͬԼܷȤĳǳ޽дкȫкʿͷųǿʿͷŶǿֽγֹΪˣЩͽܹǳ֮ڶҴʿ档
鷳ͳͳɱˣüͷ΢΢һ
ǹߵ΢΢һؿڵĴԪ£ʮ4λеǴԪ֮зɳ˵ϣųֱȥ
ʿʿˣ
ҿӣ

ǳ֮Уһ´󾪿ֵļкޱȵĲҽ֮
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Щעųߵһ߼һĻ׷׵һĦһǵ
ɱѪɺӣѪζء˿һ֮ٺʯѩԼʮ4ʿĻеǰ׳֮й
˿ӵϹǳʯѻѪѪΪһţʮִͨӪϷǰ֮ӵӴĲҵüľƿ֮¡ǵĻᱻµȡѪ츳ͻƽʿˡ
ʯѩӽʯ֮еǿһʿʱ򶼲˿Ķ֡˿ǿɼһߡ
˽˿츳֮ҲͷĵĽĦһ񽻸
3796ܵĸ֮ӵΨһȱȱԡصӪûκԡҲΨһ㡣
˿Ժ3796µĻϹɵͳλϡ
Ⱦң
Ȼ֮䣬ǰԶ֮һŮ
˳˹ȥֻĿͲ˵ĻΧסһŮһЦ˺ŮȹŮȹ˺ã޽вѡ
ƯŮٻҪƯһΣıٲһ㡣ɨŮһۣ۾΢΢һ
ʺ㿴ʲôһϳӵĽ𷢻תͷɨһۣһذȻһᣬŵҹͱ㣡
ļҲͳذΧľĿŵ
Ǹľ¶־֮ɫ׷׶ԼļУҳԴԼ׳ǵ֮󣬰׳ǵΰһ첻һ죬ȻһЩ˽άҲǰôá
Ů̧ͷ¶һ氧ңλ磬㣬ȾҰɣ


107 ̿ľ
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ˬһЦְγ˲һָھΪ37ʹøˮΪԴֱŮԴһڡ
飡
һ˲䣬ŮԴըѿģ׵Ľһء
һȻ¶˾֮ɫ
ʿˣɱңһɣɱңһɣһë쵱ϵĹſڵϣͷİ
Ҳֱӹ˵ͷ
ʿǿѾԽ˷ˣ˳Ĵڡ󲿷ֵʿͨ˿ԼͬȵĴڡ
׳֮ǰԼͳ֮»ǾȻʿҲڳɱˡ׳ѾûˣЩɲҸһᵱ޹ɱ˵ʿΪС
һ˲䣬ԴըѵŮʬ֮һµһޱȵĺɫֳ֣ͬìһ˲ᴩ壬Ѫȥ
ۣ֮
˲䴥̻֮еķɫ˲֮⡣
Ť
һָһŤƾն֣һɫĴ֮ϣǺɫĴ˲ŤƫƵһߡ
ߵĽֵ֮ϣһյĴźȻ򿪣ʮźµĴ̿;ذ׷ȥ
һϣȻǵһһɿ֮һһ֮Ҳԡǿķ֮һһЩЩɱʿǿߣȴƤ޷ƿ
Ȼ֮䣬кȻ״ʢ˲һ壬һĹ˸ȥ˲һߵǽ֮ϣͬһᴩǽڣһ綾ʴĺۼʧ
ʱоһ亹ͨȻ޷ֺƷħȫпֱܽɱʵʵսжһΪֲ֣ѾǴ̿һشɱˡ
־ŭһʱԼؿڵĴԪ°ȥǴԪ棬ӵۻеսʿǿıڡ
Ȼ֮䣬һŮֹᴩĻʬ˫֮һų޾ʮֹĵıһ̻Ķȥ
һԤӿͷһҧΥֱһŤӲһƫ˼ס
Զʱĳһѿڣ·һεذпһ㣬ͬʱĹâ
ʱ˫һͷѣ֫ɢ£ʧ˫ϥһҪ̱ڵϡ
ʬһ֣һƣɫرذ׺ݺݵٴδȥ
һֻźƬצӴԱץסɫرذסһɿʿ۷Ŀֲ˲䱬һۻеսʿ˫֮кݺһȭʿǻʬȥ
һ˲䣬ǻʬ˲ըѣʬ飬һ·ɳĴָСųͼĺɫֱȥ
һۻеսʿſ4֣һ͸ķ˲ǰɫĳͳͳס
һɫӰǻʬ˲һ䷿ݵĶ¶һڽ棬ԸзһͷڷɢһϢľɫŮ
ڷľɫŮȻһЦǿʿĻеܣȻ׿ˣǺڰĴ̿ľȡ㱻ҵĻƻ֮ذУܵ˱ʧѪ䡣ֻذ׵ܹѻƻ֮ذңҿ԰䣬һ
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ۻеսʿһΣֱߵĵ棬Ӷצӣͬһ㽫ߵĴ̿һ˺Ƭ
һۻеսʿͷĴŮһȭͽǴŮֱӴ򱬡
һۻеսʿһΣͬһ֧ľȵľɫŮֱ̿ӵȥ
һͷ³ҰޣˣҵĻƻ֮ذľ΢΢һЦֱʧ
һĻĿ΢΢һ3796ŵݿ֮мŴķȴ֪ľʹõַȻܹսʿ۷ۻеսʿѡ
ûĪĴ̿ľȣĴ̿еǿҲֻʿǿߣֵסۻеսʿɱ¾ܿͱɱøɸɾ


108 ħ
ǻƻ֮ذϵȫԽһʿֱɱԡϹžѪĿԼΪֲСʱ֮ƾǿһһ
ָ֮󣬿صʬ壬üͷ΢΢һʲô˴ɱң
ٺǺڰɳĴֻ̿ҪɱȺ֮£Ħǵ֮ˡ
ЦҲô롣ľô˵Ҹɻˡ
ңħҪڰ֣͸ˣĿǱ֧ĴŮʬϣüͷһ½
Ůħ֮һħһȻͷҲûоԾǰ֣ԴҪɵûô򵥡
ħһǵڶʿʳʵĲħ֮ǵڶʿʳʿ߽ᾧ
ħֱ֮ǲħ֮桢ħ֮桢ħħ֮桢ħ֮桢ħ֮档ħ֮Ĺ֮Уɵڶʿʳʵ۽ɻʵʹԼѪ⡢ꡢŵرϡɵǿս
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ħֽΪʳĴڡǽʿħͼħ޷Լʳÿ춼ԵѪܹѡħһ̳֮󣬾ܹ֪ʶʹ󲿷ħС
ʿ֮Уǿ߶ڽɱħħȻսŰܣʿɱʮ꣬ȻֻжԽԽء
ħȺ֮ӵħ壬ħֱ𴫳ħ֮棬ӵħ֮ѪٶҲѪʿһþˣҽǱ޾ʿΪ˻ֱӶΪħ
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ħһĴŮĦԵ׹졣׹ʮѪ֮һ׼ͳΡħŮ׹һӵĳ輧ħŮļ֪׹Ķʮħݡ׼֮УȦһħħǼʹ
ħҪѪܹǡ׼˵ȦħǾ֮͵顣֮ÿһﷸЩħֱӳԵǲħǶԸ˵һ
ħӵħ֮ѪѪϡΪһʿҲʮɡħɱʮЩħץס׼ҲκɣΪЩħڶзƣһЩħҪй¶鱨ͻԱ
üͷ΢΢һгɻ󣺡ô£Һ׼岢ûʲôԹìܣôɱң
Ħ縺ŵֵĦΡԼҲֻǽԼе룬û̫İӸ׹ĦڣһĦ챻ƣͻ׹κһͷûʱɱ档
˼⣺ѵ׼Ѿһ׶ʲôô
˿ߵˣн顣
һɲԤУʲô飿
˿ü֮һһǰڰˣڰǽ
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109 
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汾ΪЩڰҲҪһµʱӦĻȴû뵽ǾȻôͷ˽׾ٵĹǡ
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ڰǸҷǿĺڰÿһ似ڣҹڴ֮У׵ɱʿǿߡͬʱ֮Ҳӵսʿħʦڰʦ³ǿĴУȦ˴ΪսûʿȻǵĶ֡
Ŀһ֪ˣ˿뿪صĹءȨǼȻԸһֿڰôͶˣ
Ħ켫ΪķӵԴħʯӵмʮ֮ࡣӵӴԴһССʿ塣
֮ǵĦҪö࣬һħʯҲûУŻֻк֮Сһʿƿء
˿ϣҪЩغͿԴֻе۹ԪԺߺܹ֮´
Ħ֮Ȼӵо޴Ȩƶܷķɡκ漰塢ԼʿƲȫʱҲ뾭۹ԪԺǺ֮
Ǿͷ۹ԪԺͺ֮´
˿ʮִָؼһ㣺ֻҪԼһ£Ǹ´ֻ᲻ӡ
ԼǺ۹Ļλ̳֮һں۹񣬵۹ԪԺҲˡҪʲô²һܹ쵽Ҫ°ȴټ򵥲
ԭˣһӣ͵üͷһ壬кһһЦҪҳԿûôס
˿ҲȻһЦһ⣺ûǼȻˣôĿǿԾ鿪ɣĦڶǵĵ̡˭ҵסǿɿͳͳɱ˾ǡ
¶һ˿Цݣ§˿һڵ⣡ҲôģȥſɿеĿ֮ǰϺڰҼȲʤҲʧܡ
ЩרŵĲɿԼִͲɿ豸ܹڶʱ֮ڿɳ޴Ŀʯ
֮еĴͿڶ̶̵ļڱĲɿ˼һգ˳һܵ7սˡ
һʱ䣬ĦѾ̽ħʯᱻڵøɸɾ
ǡ
һӳڳǽ֮ѲߣΪ׵СӳĿ࣬һͷɫĶ̷òʮӢʲֻü֮ȴһ
һʿЩǵʵʿ磬˵ڰѾӵɱˣǻ᲻ǰ߽
ʿüͷһǳ˭˵ģЩûиݵĻҪҴˣ鷳ʹˡУѲߵʱҪҶӳ
٣ӳⶼʲôʱˣĹүǶѾ˸һɶһɫ̷ʿǳǽ֮ŵһʿɨһۣһĨмѹǼĴﶼѾʧٲߣҲ߲ˡ
ʿɫһ԰ףĻ̡̻
ڶδ½֮Уеʿʮս֮ǿĴھʿʹƶɵսͨʿܹ𵽵þֻռǳأάΰɨս˵ȼ򵥵飬޷𵽾Եá
ڰ֮ʿѾӵһɶЩʿȻг˿־壬ûκε
ҲҪţĦѾˡԲǵģʿƲ
ûӦǿʿ
˵ĻӦòǡ

ʿĻЩʿǵʿЩָں۹ÿһϵ󲿷ֶǿʿҲϻᷢĵľηǵҲΡ
ǿʲô
Ȼ֮䣬һʿһָ
еʿһɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȡ
Զһͷͷһӥһڰ߷
̳Ӵĺڰ߼۶
һĻǽ֮ϵʿ޾Ŀ־;


110 뻯׿
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һʿԥһµ˵ڰǱ߻°ȥǻΪǵһͶĻҲ
ڰ˵ǴӸߵȾѪ֮һ֧֧ӵиߵȾѪеӢŮûгˡѪǺŮ1:20̫٣϶Ҳ°ǻһ
ʿĻ뵽ڰִ˵ǽ֮ϵʿ΢һ£սɢ
ʿһЦûֻҪڰУͻΪֵĹߡÿһУÿ춼ҪֳʮΡ˭ܵˣ
ǽ֮ϵʿһᣬɫһסÿһܣÿʮҪĽࡣ
ʿǷļһ޷ʹ֮󣬻ǻĶȥιʳֳȻһЦſǱԵǻͶ𣿡
ǽϵʿͨ䡣뵽Ǻڰ鲻ʣһѪ飬̽թʡ
ںڰ֮һ뻯׿ս뻯׿ڶʧ֮еĺڰ鱻ʹаʽֱתΪһ°һ֩룬ϰһڰ̬аڡ
뻯׿ӵǿķԣܹͬ֩һڸֵ֮ߣڳǽ֮ߣһսһʿĿֲս
ڰŮ˿һаŮǺڰҲŴа񡢽ɵķʽڰлϲʲô³
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˾һĻˣ๭ļ󲿷ֱֶƫСֱӱЩӥ޷׷ķɣһͷӥ޶ûˡ
Щ֮еĺڰʮɵĵ֮еĹ֣֮йһһɱ
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Щʿǲ̧ͷ֮е׹ӥװֱһĨϣ֮ɫ
ЩʿĻ̶ȲߣҲ֪һЩʿĴ˵Ǵ˵֮ʿӵܹ˷˼սÿһǿʿӵתսֵĿֲ
ڰĸսʿǿ֮һܼ׹ӥװֱжһĨ֮ɫǿɶǱʿѹĴڣǿʮʿǿͿֲ


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ɵǣ˿֮Ȼֵһܼ׹ӥװֱһĨе
ʮͷӥźڰӥװֱѸٷȥӥװֱֻʮܣĸɵЩ
Щӥ޸ոһʮ֮ŵ̹˵ӥװֱֱӷһΣſͬʱµļ֮ǿٶȻʮսװֱ
ӥװֱ֮ٶȻǴﵽٵһ룬ںڵڵγ˿ֲĵĻյĽӥʿǺȥ
һӥʿһ37.5׵Ļںؿڣֱϰһں顣
һӥʿĽӥԴУǽӥ޵Դֱըѿͷӥʿŵ׹䡣
Ѫ䣬һһӥʿԼ򱬣֮׹䡣
ЩԺڰֵĽӥʿҲչֳ˼ΪֲļһʸȻЩڸƶ֮еӥװֱֻûʲôãЩʸ޷˺ӥװֱ̹˵ĺʵװףֻǲӥװֱװ֮ϣ޷ʵԵ˺
꣬꣡
ɱǣɱЩ
꣡

ǵϵǼһĻһ±춯صĻ֮ٴˣҲ֪ܹɳǿսǵҲֻǵ
ǺڰսʿǼһĻɫһ±ʮѿ
һ׹ĶֱӴ򿪣һֱ̨֣׹Ķͬʱ׹Ķһ
温·İǾ񵭵Ħ׿ˣӽȫҵ񣬿ԻҵıӻֻҪЧңҾͻΣػǡ
֮£ǵľĻ
׿꣡
ΰ׿꣡
ΰ׿㲻࣡

ǰٴδ춯صĻ
Ϊߣս𣡡
ڰ˵Ļ֮Уʮͷ뻯׿һָ
֮ʮӥװֱĿնԵص׷׷䡣
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һ֮ʮͷ뻯׿һһը÷飬֧顣
ʮͷ뻯׿һһ飬Ǻڰĸսʿɫøѿ
ʮ׹ֱӽ˰ǵĳǽ֮ϣһ4ս˷׷׽׹лڡ̶ڡ̨ڡڡػǹڵսһһж£ҽаװ
温·սʿͬһǵսʿǣصǵĸλΪ˱ǵļ԰սɣ
Ϊ׿˴ˣΪǵļ԰ֵǣǵսɣʿ߾Լеս
ս
ս

ǰǵսʿһ¸߾ԼʿĴ죬׷Լĸλȥ
֮еսʿҲʿûʿ֧֣Ǿ޴˶ȫװֱһ޷֮Ӵսǰ֧ԮҲָս־
׹ֱ֮£վڳǽ֮ϣĿĮԶԶԶĺڰ
˿ԥһ£ҧ
˿һ£Ǻڰ֮һӿû۾ĵص׶Ѩˡ
Щص׶ѨߴԼһңͷ­޴ûг۾ֻܹƾͶѨľָжЩص׶Ѩ˷ֳʮֲֻֿҪǳʳһͷԵĵص׶Ѩ˿һ귱ֳ̥ʵ£ǻ۲ߣǵصײĴڣҲõڻҡһȫװʿܹɱüص׶Ѩˡ
Щص׶ѨҲʮֺǳЩҶݸܹȥʱ֮ڵսٶ࣬ԺڵѹҲ
ʮص׶ѨȻӿֱʳһŰǵķȥ
ĶѨˣǰǵĳǽ֮ϵսʿɫȻһ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
֮ڽֻǧҰսʮص׶Ѩȫֱܹ˺顣гǽУҪɱʮѨҲûô򵥡
𣡡
濴ʮص׶ѨˣĿᣬ
Ǽڰǳǽ֮ϵʮͦػǹ˲³࣬ĵγ˿ֲĽ籩ЩѨϯȥ


112 ʤ
ʮͦػǹķɨ֮£Щص׶Ѩ˼ÿһ̶гǧսʿֱӴ򱬣Ѫ֫·ɽ
Ӵޱȵĵص׶Ѩ˾ͬײһεǽһ㲻ϣԴػǹķѡ
ʿص׶Ѩ˱ķг𺳣ǿ̫ǿˣ˵սʵ̫ǿˡ
ǳǽ֮ϵսʿǼһĻͬг𺧡
֮еʿȻҲϸľѵҲǵһοڴģս֮ʿĿֲ
ڰܲ棬սʿһĻɫʮѿ
ǵص׶Ѩȷʵڻұ֣һĺڰ鶼ܹɱʮֻʮͷص׶Ѩˣڰ֮еħʦҲҪ˱ᡣͻпܱʮص׶Ѩ˸ɵ
ʮص׶Ѩ˻ûпǵĳǽѾʮͷ̬ǵصص׶Ѩ˻ûпǣͻᱻȫɵ
˿ɫҲʮѿԶԶŰǣļ٣֮дڽѵĵز
˿ͳ˧һڰֻһֻƫʦֻƫʦǿǿҲֻӵпʿսһֻȫԿһʿ
ǿǽ֮Щδִֹս˿оһ㲻ԤУЩ˱
˿ԥһᣬһ뵽Լʧ֮⵽ĳͷһȵħͶʯ
󷽣һʮףɾƥڽŵľͻѸٵı򿪡һԸƯĺڰһ͵Ļ֮н·ĵʼѸٵװ
һʮףħƣͬʱӵʮħʯ۵ľħͶʯѸٵıװ
ǾħͶʯܹͶֱʮ׵Ŀֲʯ̸ߴ5ǺڰǿĹ֮һʿǾħͶʯľʯУķҲᱻֱƣҳ⽴
ǾħͶʯΪһֻڰҲֻʮ
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ʮ֮ǰȫûплһ˲оƬѸٿڡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
һ춯صľ֮ʮװľħͶʯֱӱлڵڻɣըķѣ·ɽ
һͶʯըķѣЩڰǶʱķѣӴܡЩͶʯλ÷ǵǾͶʯڻݻ٣ôڻͬԹǡ
˿һĻֱӱ³һѪļе
Ӵĺڰֱӱź󷽳ˡ
׿꣡
׿꣡

ǰ֮ϣеսʿǼһĻ˷Ļ֣֮ʱֻѾΪڰķ²Ǻڰ֮Ƕ˳ݡ
˶ȥĺڰĿ˸˼²û׷Щ4ս˼ɱЩص׶Ѩˡ
濴ȥĺڰ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڻʱЩڰ黹ܹܡ
Ŀǰȫɳս׾ٵļһڰһ߾ͻܵڰӣһԵĵֻ»ǿ֪ٱ
Լǲ뽫ԼʵȫڰĲս֮УŻѡѸٵĽԼĦ֮г롣ͬҲ뽫Լڰս֮С
ʲô֣ʿǰΪڵսʿʵ
ʿϥĹڵϣҽʿˣ
ʿȻһʿǿߣʿҲǹ壬ȻҪϥ¹ʾ
΢΢һЦҳϺ¸ʮϲԸΪҵļҳ
ʿһĨϲɫΰˣܹΪļҳҡ
һؿڵĴԪ£һͭɫǴԪ֮зɳʿǰ
󣬽Ѫӡ
ʿԥֱӻӽԼ󣬴ѪѪ֮Ǹͭɫ档
ͭɫһųһɫĹâֱӴ򿪣¶һͷ·ĵͭʨ
ͭʨѸٵķֽ⣬һƬƬвѸٵķɵʿϣ֮γһȫһͭУͭеǰͺ֮žŸۣÿһ涼Ƕһеħʯ


113 ʨ
ͭɫļһʿȫһǿޱȵǼ֮дʿо
໣
ʿȻ췢һŭһɿһʿĿֲ˲䱬ΧЩͨսʿѹȵЩ
ʿһ¹˵ϴлϴļ֮Ҹоҵʿĳ̶ȡԸΪϵļҳЧΪĶΪֵһ˺ΪΪնɱеĵˡ
ǳǽ֮սʿʿĻжһĨ֮ɫرǺüԭʵԶԶʿ֮ϵĴʿ˫֮д˼ʺĽ
һĿⶼʿǼ֮ͭϣ˭֪Ǿһǿʿ֣֮ʮֲر
ͬʱһĿҲϣЩǵĴʿǶͬʿһΪļҳһͬͭһرþ޴
΢΢һһĨЦ⡣Ŀ֮´ʿһںʿƼرУΪ£ǵģĸ֡
һرпһʿǿֱӵпһʿսȴһ7еİٱֹԼ۱㡣Ǵ£ĵĽǶһرеļֵȴʮ־޴
һرвʿģͬʱǿ߿Ͷһ֮оܹѸٵȶģĸ֡
΢΢һЦһؿڵĴԪ£һö֪ʶˮУһͭرʨھʹһطʨİ֮£ֻҪŬ֮ȫԽһʿʱʨʿҲδĶ֡
ʿһĨϲ֮ɫӹһö֪ʶˮлϣ
ǳǽ֮ϣеǿ߿ʿиӼʡ
ʿڶδ½֮ʮϡ٣һΪӵ츳Ż϶ʿ֮·һʿطʮϡ١
һʿطоͿһǿʿ塣ȻʿսȲʽһʿʿѾӵɱһһʿǿڶδ½λĸߵġ
óһſʿطȻʿǿߵĽ
ҹĻ٣ضһڰ֮С
һڰͬһ㣬ҹɫ棬ϢŰǱжȥ
ڰǴӸߵȾ䣬˾ϵ״ﰺ˹Ů˿Ķߡ˿ҲķѴıԴ˺ڰһڰףںڰ֮УǼӵεںڰ֮ʻɣӵ츳ڰӾںڰ֮ĿһսһԼѵǺڰ֮µĴ֮̿һ
ƾǺڰףڰܹǿƣĵ֮гΪһ
Ȼ˿Ů񲻶źڰɱȡЩڰȻûбԼΪҪ˿Ů
һڰͬһ׶ٵǱе˾ǰҵĵطֻûз֣ǰǰҵĵطһۼĺ齻֯γһŴ
һڰһŴڰǳǽ֮װŵԶػǹѸһתȻ³Ļ࣬ڰֱ˺ɷ顣
ϮϮ
һеϳɵľ޴󱨾˲ڰ
һſž޴ֱնų޾Ĺâ·һſС̫һ㽫Χӳյõƻͨ
սʿѸٵĴӸӿ˳ųǽķӿȥ
ˣ
͵Ϯжı˿һʵǿĺڰ鱻Զǹһһ򱬣ƵüҪѪѸٵ´˳˵
Щʵǿĺڰ˼پ߱򱬵ʬ峷˻ȥ
ǽ֮ϣ·پ߱򱬵ĺڰʬ壬¶һ˿ЦݣѧԣһӦòҪˡļƻҲԼˡ
ڰƾǳҹɫںڰ֮зںڰҹϮ֮ҪǾûôˡ
׵Ļ˺ڰ֮󣬺ܿҲԼ鱨Ƶ鱨
ڰϵ弸еʿݵͳͳݡ
ʿѧԺ֮֮ľݵ࣬ǺڰǵͻϮ֮£˲أÿһһϵʿ䡣


114 ɯ
Ǿޱ԰Ұ֮צ֮Ǽڵһʱͷڵľݵ㣬˵磬رǿסߡ
Ǻڰܹӳֲսڵ֮սǻᱻ
ʿѧԺ֮֮Ҫ֮֮ڵҪ˵޴˺Ǿޱ԰Ұ֮צ֮ѡ˲ͨ˵ֱפصһ򣬵Ľ
ʿѧԺ֮֮ڵ⵽˷Ľ֮Ҳֻܹѡص硣
ڵĸһ´ӵ֮ɱ˳ڵɱӣйŶķŭԼԼǶδ½֮ϵ˾޴˺
һ˰δ½ĺƽ٣ÿһ춼дȥЩɢһɢʿŲò˾޴ĴѡһһĴʿŹӲд
ɯλĦڵһСȻΪһС򣬿ɯ˿ȴߴʮ֮ޡɯܹӵ˶˿ڣȫΪɯĸźü޴ħʯ
Ǻüħʯʿ岮ķ壬ķȻǺ۹ʮѪ֮һȴҲǽںѪĺħѪʿ塣ķǿƣʿǿ߾ӵϣǺ۹һ֮һ
ɯסЩħʯڿĿ󹤡ǰչħʯĸ̷ԼּŮӶ
һӻʿؼףźڽʿԶ۶
վסʲôˣ
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Ϊ׵ʿ͵ֶһļƶսʿ׿ˣǵ֤
Ϊ׵һսʿһĨ֮ɫһŲһļ֮һЦ׿ֻ֪ĦԼģ׿ʲôǲķأﲻӭǣҹ
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ķ屳ԼұҲǺ۹ĺ֮һޱȣȻ
͵üͷһһĨ׿ʹߣɯ򳤹ҡ
Ϊ׵սʿһЦɯҲķ˵ͼģɣﲻӭǣ
͵Ŀɨսʿһۣһֱ֣תʱ·۶ȥ
ΪսʿŰ͵µıӰ³һĭһЦޣһȺ
ÿֵļһһΪǻǴһأ
׿Ҳûʲô˲ģ¾Щ

ڴķսʿǶЦ
ʲôȻ֮䣬ķսʿǰһָ
սʿǰһֻһˣһɫУԼǵʵʵģ߼۶
Ϊ׵Сӳɫһǲķأͣ£
һӻһɫеһĬﷴ߶ºڽЩڽٶٴ
ϮСӳҲǲķľӢȡһԲͲһ󱬡
һ߲ʹâԲͲ֮˲ûգųҫޱȵ߲ʹâ
ɯһ´ޱȵľ֮
СӳոһУһѾۣǰ
һʿӶǳ׵Ĵ󽣺ݺСӳһȥ׾ٵĽСӳնء
ʿҲӶ˲佫ǲдսʿնء
һӿֲնɱķսʿ֮ͬһ쫷һɯ򼲳۶ȥ
ɯΧһߴ׵ĳǽǳǽ֮վȫװսʿ
ոսӽɯ򣬴ǳǽ֮һʮֻʸγɵļ꣬ȥ
һ㽫ЩֱӲ
ǽ֮ϣһʿսʿʲôˣǲķأǾȻðǲķ壬ѵ±𣿡
ķ뿪۹ȫһƫƧĹȽһСԲķȫ׵ĴݻһЩСʿ塣۹Ҳûж˸ǡ
Ϊ׵һɫеʿһԾһ±ֲӶ׳Ĵʿնȥ


115 
ʿһĨ𺧣еֳһ
˫ǺڼʿĴһ½Ǵʿеľֳնϣ˳ƽʿͷն룬Ѫ˷
һڼʿһԾֱһ޴ĳǽͬոĶħһȺ֮дɱ硣
ɯսʿװ飬ѵءǵʵװЩڼʿȫһȼ֮ڣ׾پͱЩڼʿȫնɱ
еսʿͳͳնɱ֮ЩڼʿɯĴţϺڽɯס۶ȥ
ʲôˣ
һոյִɯ򳤼Ҹһǿޱȵ˲䱬һ𷢱ۣĿ࣬һɫУֳһر󽣵ӻ˳ڼʿ֮ɫ
ʿǲķɯصǿ֡ӵһ׵رװһЩʵǿɢһʿҲδĶ֡
Ϊڼʿûκηϻ˲䱬һʿǿһӳֵĵâѸײڶ֮Ʒӵ˰ǰһŰնȥ
ɫȻ䣬߶رףһ˲ϣʵ˲䱩һءеر󽣺ݺһһǺڼʿĴ֮ϡ

һ죬ֱӱĲرһһŻڼʿֱӺȥ
ڰеһر󽣻֮Ϸӡһһÿͷһתսֵǿɱﵡ
ڼʿ˲ǰܣ͸ķ˲֡
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ڼʿ˲ǰֳִ󽣴Űȥ
кâһţһŭХӶеĻ֮һɨ˲佫ڼʿͷ­ֱնɡ
ڼʿͷ­ն֮ȴûκѪҺĴ˲˰ϡ
ڰϵر֮ϼӳֵһŤ˲䱬ĴֱŤתƫƵһߣܹǱɱһ
һ˲䣬Ϊ׵ĺڼʿӶһȫŰݺնȥ
ִ֮ٽһӲıڼʿ߲
ڼʿûӶһǺնһն˰֮ϣӲĽĻնѿ˳ƽն˺üΡ
Ϊ׵ڼʿӽһն׼ն£Ȼ򳤼һָ
Щڼʿֱӳ򳤼֮ڡ
һҽ֮ɯ򳤼洫ûжãһӺڼʿȾѪɯ򳤼漲۶Ѹٵ뿪ɯ
ɯ֮иû˸ɷһĺڼʿ
һӺڼʿ뿪֮ûã͵±һʿֱӽɯ
͵һɯնɱ˼ʮĴûٵıͽ֮Ȼ˽ɯͷﶼ˹
͵ЦеĿЩɯͷ׿˴˵Ĳ°͵£׷һֻڰĲвʮźǣһûȵɯ򳤵һҡڣ׿˴˵ɯ򶼴ھ֮£κΥ׿˴˵ҶȨ͵նɱʲôͬԾ˵
Щɯͷﲻ֪˶ꡣǲ˶ΪǼħʯһһʿĸЩֻеǮ޷Щʿſ⡣
ڰ͵°Ϊɯ򸽽ħʯɯĴȻ⡣
ɯ򶼻ӭ͵´ĵ
ɯԸ׿˴˵

ĬһᣬЩɯĴǸо˰͵Ҫɱ˵Ŀ⣬׷ϹһĨĵЦݴ
͵ɨЩɯĴһۣһĨЦ⡣ֻҪЩɯĴﲻңɯͲҡ
ڵҹһֻֻʹɵӴ󳵶Ÿֿ豸ֱʻɯ򣬲Ҵɯħʯǰ
ܿһħʯ㴫һе֮
ɯѾķ徭Ӫ˳꣬ȻɯѾЩڼʿϴһȻвٲķߣЩ߷׷׽ǿһֶͨδݸ˲ķ塣
漸ֶΣĦԭڸʿħʯȫЩħʯУҷ񿪲ɡƴ֮£ÿһ춼ϵĵ͵ħʯ֮⣬деȡߵһСֶħʯ
Щʿħʯ֮˾޴ĲЩʿǷ׷׶ֵ˹ԪԺҪָԼĿȨͳͷ档


116 
۹ʹ԰֮ڡ
۹ʵһ֮ϣ§ޱ¶ŮŮվһߣˮݵĿС
һߵǰһļ˹ȥ£ЩĦʮ˸ʿԸ顣ּ⣬׿˵ӾλԼһȨͬʱЩħʯ黹Ǽ塣
ӾǺ۹ܹܰأӵʿ۷ĿֲҲľĸں۹֮ȨƼء
һļɨһۣӵһߵ׿ĽǶʮ˸ʿħʯͳͳռ𣿡
һĨâЩǵģȻ׿αװɺڰ֣ҽ˼پߺڰʬ塣˺ܿռЩħʯҽ˷񿪲ɡּʾЩħʯӦкܴܱǿռˡ
һЦʲôܴܣЩħʯǱǿռˡ
ԥһµ£ǿռħʯ
ĦӵдħʯǺ۹֮ħʯһ֮һ󲿷ֵħʯһʿռݣݺ۹ķɾԼ޷ռЩħʯЩħʯһǿռݣպ۹ķԻᱻ̡
ܴûĿŵռһڰ䵱ڡʱҲѡúڰľλصĻ˭ȥĦЩڰս
Ҳһ³Ĭ
ں۹а˸ĳڡһڱ浲ס߸۹ʿЩڰ໥ɱݣ˫˲ءǴӺ֮ܲǿǰĦ죬طҲһֻѹĦĺڰ
΢ЦڵļֵܴҲԼļֵܴ󣬲ŻôݡǲС
أ˸׿Ӿ仰ħʯ֮пɳħʯҪĳɡ
ȻǺ۹ĻʵƿӴޱȵԴԴں۹˽СȻܹú۹ӴԴȴҲûзɹ˽Դռ
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ķǴ֮֮߳һ»һŻ⣬ԭʧȻĳһ֮ڡ
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Ҫ֪һһķ۸һħʯϡСģս֮Уһһܹһһʿһһʿڴģս֮УǻԶһھڵڵһھڵڵʮĵıħʯ
ĻеʦÿһװŴ̹ˡлڵġڡڡװֱըŻҪɳԼĻеʦǰ֧ԮһЩڻȥ֧Ԯ
һǧ޴ûоѵս֮ϣǵļֵʮȫװѵصսʿ


119 ½ʥս
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ʿǿÿһޱȣ϶ǶӵսȴʿսȫԻ䵥Ĵʿǿߡ
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121 ӭ
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һһͷɫ̷ԸзԼʮ꣬ϴһ˿˿ŮȻ֮ŮˣϾ֧Ԯǵġǲ˵Ļ
üͷһȽ㣬֮ǵĻеʦʵսôû˼ʶЩôǿҲʿĻеܡбҪô¡ӭ𣿡
֮ǵĻеʦûսʵЩѶ޼һЩʿĿܹ⡣ϾǿݻϷǰʮĿֲڡ


122 ħ
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ЩѶ޹ĴǱһ̣ǳȥ
ͷĦŶٶȻǣͬʸһŷѶ޹Ĵȥ
ڷѶ޹ߵʿâһö˲䱬ͬһ֮еİĦŶȺڣ˲佫ͷĦŶֱըķѣ֮е䡣
һâǷѶ޹ߵʿ֣һ淨һǼͷĦŶߵϣǵս
һһͷȶʿĦŶϣһɫƤףСɫòŮſӣһޱȵХ
ͷĦŶ˲۷˻źȥͷĦŶ߲ԹݷѶ޹׶ǳǡ
ûã飬ָССͨߡĳγһƬߺǳӿܼ־֢˿˶ߣԻᱻŵ̱ء
һƬߺ֮УŽͷ峤ʮ׵ľߡͷ֮ϣһͨȴһ˫һͫħһǿߡ
ħһ׷ݵԴʱǵҲֻ࣬ڵڶʿʳĽɼ֮²űħĹ󲿷ֵħûб֮ǰòûʲô
ħһ岻Ǳ̳Ѫܹѣ̳֮еǿ߾ܹþ޴ԱѪʿһ֧
ǳǽ֮ϣǷѶ޹ǿǿԶߺҲͷƤ飬ſ־֮ɫ
ǸߴĳǽԷ೬ĽǶЩߺķЧȴû˸ߴĳǽӵߵʿػԷʿĿֲܣѶ޹Ҳûܹǿʹߵħš
֮УһͷʮףͨɫһֻǵĹĦħǾߡһͷֱ֮ӽΪĿֲߣһ˿ϣΪļĦħ
һͷĹĦħǾͷǶһɳɳ֮ϣббһƤѩò֮𷢱ۣη飬˳Ů˷ľɫŮ
ɫŮħŵľųħ߼櫣ӵʿ۷ֲʵǿߡҲħһ֮ϣΪʿľš
ħһӵ֮ĸѪħһҲϡ֮ĸѪħһ֮ŮбŮǿ߲ԻҲֻΪֺĴڣλձŮҪһȼ
櫵
ߴＸʮͨͬˮһǳǷӿȥ
ǳǽ֮ϣһâӿӳЩʿϣЩʿս
һͶʯѸٵľλһŻ͹ֱȺͶȥ
Ļ͹ӱͶȺ֮Уѿ
һһʿһָһŻͬһȺ֮ըѣ˲ȼЩͣȺ֮γһƬƬ޴Ļ𺣡ǻ֮бյòϴȻֱ

ħһ֮УѸٵ߳޵Ůӣǻһ±ʿĿֲĬģһָ
ˮԪر֮Уγ˴һƬƣƬˮŴƬǳ֮ϡ
һƬƬ޴ĻҲڴĽ֮£һһϨ


123 ݹ־ʿ
ǽ֮ϵɫʱһ䡣ǴĽ֮£еĹּ൱ڱϵˡĻ֮սսʿᱻЩֶߵսȴõ
ǳʿһӿһǿޱȵķһɢ˲յ֮ϡ
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ƸոʧûжãħŵʿǱٴʩչٴγһơ
ǳǵʿǲϵɢγɵơ˫ķ֮вϵĽ֯š
ڳǽϵͶʯȻϵĽͶȥȻһʿʩչ֮ȼ
һƬƬŨŨȺ֮ٴγ֣ŴȺ
ȺܹǻֵĵطѸٵιǳǵĻǺӣǳǽϵȥ
Ӱߣ
ɵ
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ǳǽ֮һǧʿѧͽ׷ʩչ0ϷȺȥ
һ˲гǧ߲ЩʿѧͽǵС
һЩʿѧͽųûƷĳָĳֲЩȺɱһǷѶ޹ĽҲ׷׳֣նɱЩȺ
ÿһӶгǧĶȥ඾˳ǽ֮ϣһҧЩĽϣȴЩļеסȻһն⽴
һȫ׵Ľӽնɱͷ֮󣬶Ȼ֮䣬һһ׳ħȻݺһҧĴ֮ϣޱȵĶһ¹ᴩףȲҺע˽ȥ
ȥ¶֮ɫҽУӽһնħϣħһնء
һֻ̣һתģһ̱˵ϣ߸ǡ
ĶȺ֮Ųٵͽ׳ＶħߣЩħ߻ͨĶȺ֮в͵Ϯһҧơ
ǳǽ֮Ϻܿ촫ޱȵĲҽ֮ĽЩɱ
һĻЩԭ㱣־ʽʿǲò֡
һ˲䣬һͷȼŻħǡһܸߴʮ׵ĸħͷħʨһͷħʳħٳ˳ǽ֮ϡЩսһʿǿڷ׷׳֣ɱŴĶߡ
櫻˻֡
ħ߾սʿҲֳһŴִħǳֱȥ
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һݹ־ʿʿӵĻҲᱻǻ
ЩѶ޹Ĵǿһݹ־һɫʱˢһ±ò԰ޱȡ
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һ̺ӴԪصĻ֮ѸٵۣȻһΧϵɱԵķһϵĴΧͷųǻֵķΧ֮еܵǻ淨Ĵ
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ŮӾħ߼櫵ĸְ꣬ħŵĸų
һֱָʩչɢ
һâֱû֮У˲佫֮еĴΧϵɱ˷ֱɢ֮Уһֱӱʧ
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Ǹϵķɢʿʿ˹ƵҪѪ
ʿ֮ϷâҫʮŻʿ֮ͬһǰݹ־ʿ֮Уʮݹ־ʿֱӺķѡ
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ǧʿѧͽǷӿİݹ־ʿʩչ0ϷЩݹ־ʿȥ
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124 ҡҡ׹
һͷݹ־ʿĹ˽ͷ˵Ĵ֮ѸٵεǳǵĳǽԵ˳ǳǽֱ˳ǽ
ǰݹ־ʿһϳǽЩӵдʿʵľʿ׷״Щݹ־ֱ£ֳִ󽣷նɱЩǳǵĽ
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Щ޴İݹ־Ҳ׷ſѪڣڵʳųǽ֮ϵսʿ
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Ѷ޼ŮֻаȺͼʵ׵ʿѧͽŮȻڴ֮󣬽ս
ǾǸ֮ǵĻе̫ǿˣҪңǸжáȿػڽǰĻе֮г˼ʺĽ֮ɫ
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ƾ;׵ĻеػǳݣҲϣܹɱһѪ·ǳߡ
ˣһݹ־ʿǳǵĳǽ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ֻҪţϣ֮ǳΨһѪ涩˻Լи֮ǳ֧֣ǻиϣ
Ѷ޴󹫲ȻһЦ֮ѾͷĦŶһָϣǲԼƭԼˣǸ֮10ʿĸܣҲЩĶ֣
֮ͷѶ޹ֿһİĦŶҲһĨ֮ɫҲŸ֮ǵĻеܹĦŶ߿⡣
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ǳǶ֮ʣһööնԿյ׼ޱȵĺǰĦŶȺ˲䱬ը
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һĻ櫵Ц΢΢һ˫֮ӿ޾ķŭ
ЩĦŶħһ彻䵮ı֡Ҳħӣÿһͷʮ󡣰ڶδ½ħһ֮еλߣҲֻͷĦŶߡЩĦŶߵһɱʹãһ±ըʮͷʱŭģɱӿ
˭ȻɱҵİĦŶߣҾĲ㣡һ̧ͷǵķȥʿ۷ĿֲһֲХ֮
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Ǹ߿֮Уһټ糬սػʮܾͺը
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Ǹ֮ʹߡ
һװ׹Ϸһݣվ֮ϣ·ڼսŵ¶һ˿Цݵ


125 ǿĻе
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֮һܼӥװֱϷһööնԿյһͷͷĦŶը飬ɢ䡣
ס֣櫿ǼͷĦŶ߲ϱը飬оʹȵ
΢΢һЦһָôܣ
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Щըһأ춯صıը֮ÿһըıը൱һСΧһôǱըǡ
Ǽըĵһֺը֮УϴƬƬĸֶߡ೬ͳͳը֧飬Ľ
ħŵǿԼѶ޹ǿ߼һĻĿɿڴֱӵ۾
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Щϲ˷ܣЩӵ֮е棬Щζĸ֮̾ǵĻеʦ̫ǿˣ
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Щ糬սʶˣʹ״Ե˽һٶӰ޷ԻǡǵĻȻ׷Ű櫷ɨ䣬һնԿԶ׷ٵҲŰ櫷ĺȥ
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ƾһЩеܣȻܹұƵزҲԺˡʵʵͶɣ֮ͫкһצϴǿޱȵĺɫ˲䱬̴3ͷֱץȥ
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126 ħ
ЦװҲʵһְʿʿָԼĿսǲȻмʿԼĿܳಲ󣿶ղŵķе⣬Ѿķ⽨ʱŮƽȲ
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˹׶˫֮˲ӿ޾ķŭȻǿԼ侲ʵҪӴĻе׷ɱ֮ߣʵ׾١Ҫ뽫ʮ8սɵĻеŴݻ٣ôʮѡ
ʿǶδ½֮ǿĴڲ١ֻҪʵﵽһ̶ȣ˺սͬûһʿ
˹׶Ĭһᣬһӣһ߳ףӵһɫƤëľʬƽƽȥһɷұħǵʬ壬˾˺Ѫߣ
ӹһɷұħǵʬϸĿһۣһĨ֮ɫ
ɷұħȻļʵԶԶȲʿԼǿڡϾļսΪֲȫ˺󲿷ʿ۷ĴڡֻҪƶҪ֮󣬺ܿһͷļĻеս޾ͻ֡
һӣ㽫ͷɷұħǵʬֱӷһöԪ棬һףǴԪ¶һ8ܱС8ֱܱսȺ֮С
˹׶ɱӿǿѹŭһ˿Цݵ˰ɣ
¶˿׳յ˹׶Цôô˵ʲôʲôɽıȻ㶼ģҵȻܷŹ
ͬһʱ䣬еǹеڱеĻȫ˹ڵ˹׶ϡ
ֲĸ˹ڵ˲ݻ˹׶Ļֱ֮ӽᴩֱǶɽ֮ڡ
޾ڻ𼸺ûͣЪһ㾫׼˹׶ĺš
Ҫɱ㣡½û˶ܹȵ㣡ҲҪɱ㣬ҪǸ֮ǵ˶ɱøɸɾһ
һŻ籩˲ͣγһ籩ϣеŵںǻ籩֮϶ǻ籩ɵֵ
˹׶Ȼվǻ籩룬ͬһħ˫棬ŻķŭС󻹴ûܵ˵ˣŪ쾹ȻһһʿСˣŪķŭ˼㡣
˴ûҩȣ̫˲Żϵƭڰ㡣㱻ƭһΣԺ󶼻ԺΪ˴кܴĺôӦøлҲŶԡҪɱңǶ𱨣ĹΡ
αˣ˴Ƭ8еܱػ֮ڣԶԶ˵ŷ
ãһúõĸл㣬гһƬƬпĶ飡˹׶˫۷ŭһ棬һһ
ϣ˹׶һΣһ·ֳŻʸǻеŷȥ
ǾŻʸһºǻе֮С
8սÿһ2ϵķ֣һ˲еŶһƬ֡
ǾŻʸһǻе֮Уһᴩ˾ʮܻеʮܻеͳͳճɻҡ
˹׶ǾʮܻеɻңɫЩѿĿǰʵһ֮Ҳֻܹͷʮļ׼Ҳ˵ʩչ׼ķֻܹɵŰٶܻеͻᾫľϵĺ»ָҩһڸɵǧ8սҲѾļޡ


134 Χɱ˹׶ģ
ڶδ½棬ʿѾСˡڰʿѧԺ棬ʿҲԪϻ֮еԱλߡʿѧԺ涼ûǧʿ
˹׶һܹ֮ɵǧʿʵѾΪֲֻ˻еĹ̥ŻԵЩ
ڻе֮˵ŷ£ɱңѵΪʿֻ㱾ʵ̫ˡ
Ұ˺Ƭ֪֮ҵıˣ
˹׶ŭЦһΣһ±Ϊһͷ峤ߴףȼܻļ׻ħܡ
ļ׻ħǽھһĳûзһս
׻ħһΣͬһ̹һԿֲٶǻеųȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
˹׶仯Ϊİ׻ħһǻе֮УӶž޴Щеŵսϡ
ǻеǷǿĻеܱǵķ˹׶ǰ·ֽһ޷ֵ˹׶һ
Щ˹׶ǰս˶ͳͳһķɣĽֵסǺ˫˹׶һ
̶̼֮䣬˹׶Ӳ˺˳һټܻеŵսˣɱǰ
ǴʿǿߣȻͣ
ֻоȻս˵ı֮£ȻްȫУ·ֻܹƾֵ˹׶
ǰػŵһټ8ܱѾ˷ƣ߾پ޶ܣ3ֲǰ
Ȼûа취ɱʮеܣҪɱ㣡δ½֮ڣûܹȵ㣡
˹׶һͬҰһĽһӲһһ3ֱ֣ӽһ8ܱķѡ
֮䣬ǵ˹׶ǰ8еܱһһֱķɣ˺ѳһ޴Ŀӣǰ
΢ϣȻϷˣһĴʿϴˢɣ˹׶һĨŰ֮ɫצԴݺһ󣬷·һֻӵԴһ
һĨŹ֣¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼô򵥾ʹ֪̫Ϊ޵ˣ
˹׶¶һ˿Ц⣬жʱӿһɼΣյĸо
һɲ֮䣬8ս˫ۺ˲ڵԱը
䣡䣡䣡䣡
8ս˵ķԱγɵĿֲַԲһž޴Ģֱӳʯ˷ɽȥ
һɿ񱩵쫷Ģ֮Ȼ𣬽̳ȥ
Ǳըһ첲˺ۣǽںۼ˹׶һĴǱը֮˳־ŭӣȻԱôеܣǷһֻеܾżֵرҪߵöˡ
8ս˵ԱϾǼһϣŽ˹׶ˡ8ս˵Աȫһϣܹ˹׶ը÷ǡȻˣ8ս˵ԱҲ˹׶ұ۸ֱըϡ
˹׶ոմǱըֱ̳֮߳һͷ8׸ߵĻеħޣһ˹׶ݺȥ
ħҼħޣ˹׶ɫ䣬һͷеħ޵ƺһ
ħҼħǲݴ֮ͬһεĿֲȫһ˲ٴشԭ˵˹׶
˹׶ŭſһ磬һħ˲ͷеħ޵֮ϡ
ͷеħ޻ɫĹâһʯ˲ϣͬʱ׺ޱȵٴһƽ˹׶ȷɡ
˹׶һȷɣȻһʹһ˲ʮĵۣƬѪı
εĹ
˹׶սḻޱȣһģʲôûеĿյطֱĳһƣʮ߾ֱӱһƺ÷顣
ͷеħٴǰ˹׶ĵһ˲䣬һƺϣؿڵĹͷ˼ʮ
˹׶ͷеħһش֮һѪһ»ָΣһŻűȥ
ʿ֮ԿֲΪֶڶ࣬Ѹɵǡ
֮УһͷһֱƲ֮еĻеȻɳѸײڶ֮ƣһצֱӴ̴˹׶֮࣬ħ֮ˣӲ˳
ɣ˹׶ߵĴһ
ͷеһצ˹׶֮ϣֱӽ˹׶÷飬׹䵽˵¡


135 û
ɱˣЩʿѲӴĻе֮߳Ǳϵǰ˹׶ʬ壬ĳһ
ʿǿĿǰʵܶԷʮɡҪɱһʿȴʮѡ
Ҳյ룬Ասش˹׶ֽ֮͵ϮŽ˹׶ֱӺɱ
δ½ʿÿһڴ̿͵л߱ϵĴʿΧһһһʿҪɱһʿʮѡӵرʵ޽ӽǿʿĴʿпһһɱһʿ
һ̻˴Զս֮ϵвкͳͳռ
սȻԱֻҪռǵĲкȻ¯죬ֻҪĲܹɹ
Ѿڸ֮ǵΧ֮ڽ˺üͺ˵վЩͺ˵վ֧֣ƶҪؽΪƶҪ֮ǰѾȱΪˣŻԥԱսˡ
ÿɰƯһֻСѩŮʿڶδ½ĸ֣ôһֻʿ
һ̤ɽ棬ͿǱڱѩŮʿ۾΢΢һ
֮ǵѩ׸ѩŮʿʮָл־ҡһָ֮󣬻㹻ıꡣǱ֮ڣһ
΢΢һЦǸ֮µʦʦųͩѩŮʿʽǸ֮ǡ
Ǳ洫һŭڳû𣿡
΢΢һЦҪô⣬ҲԡǸ֮˫ڸ߶սϻȱԣҪǸ֮ǡ
ѩŮʿܣѩ׸ˣԲ
ʮźôֻܹһЩȽϴֱֶˣ
һָͷеĴųͬһСɽһŴſһ磬һϢ˲䷢䣬ػѩŮʿΧı֮ϡ
һϢڵĺ֮£ѩŮʿĻһ¾ͱ˱һ㡣
ټܻеǹѸٵĸװĻһѩŮʿĻ֮ϣѩŮʿĻ顣
ͷеħһŭХֱӳ˻֮УӶž޴ƣݺݵѩŮʿĻ֮ϡÿһƣƬıֱƷɣϵѩŮʿĻ顣
΢ЦﶯҡѩŮʿ飺ѩŮʿ㻹ǼǸ֮ǰɡǱϾֻҪǸ֮ǣԸΪǸ֮ЧǾԻӦһҪ翹Ļ֮󣬵λûôˡ
ӱ֮дһյ쵰֮Σ
ðɣҾǳ֮Σˡ
޳ܣ
˵޳ܣҾ޳ܺˣ

Ǳ洫ѩŮʿƿڴֻԽãػҲֻ޳֮ͽ֮ΣȥҲƤƾ
ѩŮʿ˺һͣһᣬֹͣҴӦǸ֮ˡ
ǴıֵסеŵĹٹСʱǱͻ
һ֣йͳͳֹͣ
ѩŮʿΧıѸٵɢȥҲ̱˵ϡһŵϢСĴɢݿѸٵӵ֮ϣ֮
漶ذ֮ǸżΪֲ䣬ѩŮʿĴʿǿ߱Ҳ֮ϴɾ
֮ǴУѩŮʿĴʿԭҲа취Ӧ˹׶ĳû͵Ϯ֮£ҲܵˣһֱӵҲ޷ѹ֮ǵǿ䣬ѡ˱Լ
ǿ䣬취䡣üͷ΢΢һһؿڵĴԪ£һֻҺ̬׻УȻֱһ´ѩŮʿ֮ϣҺ̬׻ҩֱӴ˰ѩŮʿڡ
ЩҺ̬׻һѩŮʿڣ㱻ǿֱӴݻһ롣
ʿǿڣӵмΪֲǿܹݻ඾ضԴʿЧ
΢΢һʿǿ߹Ȼֲøʿ֪ʶƶҪƼˮƽҺ̬׻˾޷ƸǿĴڡ
Һ̬׻˵ֶμڰѩŮʿϾȻ˲䱻ɱһ룬д󾪣˾衣
ֻǰѩŮʿˣ½ΪУҲܵشûнڵҺ̬׻ɱɾ
ЩҺ̬׻հѩŮʿڵѸٵĳɳ·Ϊһ֣ûÿһ䡣
һĻһ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ЩҺ̬׻˵һν˵һֵݡƾһֵݣ3796źܹܿԿƴʿҺ̬׻ҩ


136 ѩŮʿ
ѩŮʿЩĵĿһУˣ
ѩŮʿȻ֪ղעڵʲôڵϵͳֱɱ˴Һ̬׻֮ǾԲʲôö
ģҵҽҲ˫һЦץǴذ֮һΣѩŮʿĸֱӳ
һɿֲ֮˲䱬ѩŮʿڵѪҺӿ֮Ǵ̳˿ϼ
ѩŮʿڵҺ̬׻ѸٵӿѩŮʿ˿֮ѸٵγµѪܡѩŮʿڵѪҺ
Һ̬׻һѸٵĴ̼ѩŮʿһѨ
һɰԵޱȵѩŮʿС˲䱬ĺɫ۶ڱֱ֮ӷɳ
ĺɫγһޱȵ֮
ʮ֮ѩŮʿŻˮ̱˵ϣڵĴӿһ˿˿Ρ
ЩҺ̬׻˼ѩŮʿ˲ɢڵ䣬ͬҲԪҪúһʱָܹ
ѩŮʿ֮ϵĽʱȥɢһɸ߹ɨһ۵ղעڵҩʲôҩ
΢΢һЦֹ㱳ѵҩʵԸΪǸ֮ЧǾʥҩ뱳ǣǾĶҩ
ѩŮʿǿиһŮע䶾ҩǸ֮ǵ𣿡
΢ЦһʿǿߵսĿǰңûǸʸʮݳ޵ķ
ѩŮʿɫõʲô
յ﹦طԼյз֪ʶ
ѩŮʿҲûѡ񷴿ʮǵͬã
΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʯѩ츳滹ҪĽΪһʿѾڽʿıԵֻҪ﹦͸ܹѸٵͻƽΪʿľ츳յӴԴΪʿҲֻʱ⡣
һڲ
ÿһʿһƶı
һɨ˹׶ʬŪֵĿռָһĨϲ֮ɫ˹׶ĿռָǸ߼ɫһ30*50*50׵Ŀռ䡣
ǿռİڷһмеĶħʯÿһ䶥ħʯӵһǧ飬һ鶥ħʯֵ൱100͵ħʯҲ˵һ䶥ħʯļֵͳʮħʯһ䶥ħʯ֮⣬мߵħʯԼʮеħʯһ͵ħʯ
ħʯ֮⣬ǿռ滹鲼ŸϡŹֵħʯֳĹֲҩķԼҪļ
ǿռһǣһѸָرɫɫر֮Уһףɢһ˿˿ɫâ֮ķһˮ档
һ㽫ˮȡ˳򿪣óɫ֮ͷųһ˿˿ɨ貨ƣѸٵɨɫ鱨
ݲ㣬޷зݸƷĲϺӦļر
漶ر׬ˡ˫һݸһԱĿİѩŮʿ֣ʲô
һֱİѩŮʿ·𱻲ȵβ͵èһ㣬һµԲ˫۽еʲô֣ҲŲأҽһٰʮ꣬Ƿ绪ïŮ㶮һǷ绪ïŮ
һٰʮ껹ϣŮѾ˵ĸˡ
ûĻ£೬ͱҪöࡣѪľһ壬ǵƽһǧꡣһٰʮľֻ൱ʮŮŸոճꡣһӵǧһٰʮľδꡣ
Ǵʿӵһǧһһٰʮ൱ͨŮʮꡣͲҪ˵ԵûĻֻѩŮʿӵĵһ۵
ŶʮŮԺСѩˡ
ʲôСѩҲֵģҽе·š
·ʱ֣ѩ׸ԵЩɾͱǣߣһһٰʮ꾭ḻϹ
в²ҲǱչ̫ˣͨʣ֪նűڼݺݵͱһ
ʿ֮ʵǿḻϼ޻෴ʵǿʿоˣ˼·Ŷѩ׸һȻΪѩ׸ˣλޱȣճȴȻϼ޻


137 漶ر
ֱӽɫݸ˵·ʵ·ţʲô
·һһɫ֮б㱬һĨҫ۵ľ⣬ֵĸɫ漶رε֮ġÿԴļԷˮĻ컪ļˮϵħǿ100%ļˮϵǿ50%弶ˮϵǿ20%ܹߵʺ;
һĨϲɫε֮ץУôõıúҴ
·ЩۺļһŮʿһ˴ö𣿡
ε֮Ůʿͣ˹׶Ļϵħͻ˹׶û漶
·ǷǳǳϲǾӵǿε֮ġǿǴ漶رϡޱȣδ½Ŀǰ֪Ĵ漶Ҳֻ
΢΢һЦνʵ΢ǵһؼ顣
ʿ֮Уȥ޵Ŀܡε֮ÿԴļԵķˮĻ컪ɾ൱
ߣ
·Щ˵һСתһߣ档
Ҳʼ˼սĵʧԱսԴʿǿ˵̫ˡҪԭǱը޷һ㣬ΧǹˣȴԶԶ㡣´θɴҵķֱСͺ˵ˡĿǰݿСͺ˵Խһʿǿֱըսܹ˳㱩¶һʹãͱɵˡ¶ˣǾûЧˡ
ʿܹ֮ѹλ棬顢ħħȿֲĴڡΪԲͬʹòͬķӦˡ
ԱսһʶƣϾͺвʿǿߡЩʿǿ߽սо͸߽Ǻ˵о͸ûеֱڵĺ˵һǰװͱԷɱ
˹׶Ϊ֪ӵлееħɱﵣűֱ͵Ϯɵ
˹׶׼ֻܹܣȴ޷ɵ
Ϊ֧λ棬ʿǶԸ֪ʶĽܶȶܸߡֻҪӵ㹻ʿоŶӣǾܹƽκ֪ʶӦӦԡ
֮ǰ֮һֱûб¶ееħŵԸħţΪҪƣԸʿǿߡڹȻһǺ˵ԱսҲΪһűƣؼʱ
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ˣˣ֮ǵĻеʦ׷ˣ
櫸ո˯һ´֮ڣ㼱ææǰ㱨һϢ
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һɬȫߵǸ֮ǵеʦ׷ǵĸ֮ǵеʦ
ħħһ֮ҲһʮǿսšھȻ׷ɱϳðʮֵķŭΡһ뵽ǻеʦĿֲսҲ΢΢
ڰͰ˴ħʱֲնɱ˲֪ٻеʦ֮еսʿЩеʦսʿȫǻˣɱ˶٣Щ˶ᵨҲʿ䡣ֻϵĽɱǵĲ¡
ħŵսʿҲսսʿηͬʱӵǿϵͳɱ֮ĻеҲͬΪ֮
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ҵĽ㣬ûȨ´ˡһĵЦһа˷ƣΣ˫ͬСһ޴һɫβòʮŮЦӯӯ
ǰ̤һ˫˲һۣʿ۷ĿֲΧƣ櫣Υҵ𣿡
Цӯӯóһļ˰櫣ԪϻսܣѾħŵľųˡҲεħžų
櫽ӹһļϸһ֮ӿһĨɬеȨᡣħһͳ˧Ѿ櫡
櫿Ȱ櫣֮ǵĻеʦеսʿǻеܡЩеܹݸ֮ǵĸսûô׶Ը
ɫһˣ櫣ҲħŵľųҾųˡҵڱһͬս֮ǵĵеʦ㿹ôֻܹץסӡѺͻȥ


138 ս³
櫳Ĭһһ̾ǣųˣ
櫷ЦѹԹͳͳ˳İˣ㣡С㶼ѹһͷֻΪһСʱеĺöеҫ㡣ֻܹӰ죬ڳԽˡһ֪֮Ĳࡣħһǿң㣡
ü΢΢һ建Բ𡣡
һתȥҲҪĶԲҲûжԲңһ֤ǿ櫣ħһǿߡħһ峤Ҳֻң
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ʿǲ³֮зӿѸٵڿҰ֮γһ˵İݹ־ʿš
ССĶҲӲ³֮ӿڴ֮γһƬߵĺ
櫡櫡ħһʿȻվһͷĦħǾߵϡ
³˹ħһ幥ݵȣħһĹأ⹫Ҳħһĵ̡
ħһڲһͬϣ໥֮ɱݡȻħ֮£ħӵɱ໥֮ȻμиΧΨħռݵ򣬲Żиħǿ߻ۡ
ˣһȺһĻеܾܹǱӡǷ
վͷĦħǾߵͷ­֮ϣ˫۱仯γһͫ׾پͿ˶ʮ֮ĵеʦһЦһ䡣
˫֮һĨŭɫ뿪ڱ粵
ȴһסԼĸ١
䣡䣡䣡
櫵Ļո£һһлڵڵŵħŴ֮ڡ޴ıը֮಻ɰǧսǿޱȵħսʿڻ֮бըķѣѪĽ
櫿ħŵľսʿһڻ֮бըķѣѪĽ˫һ±óޱȣֵļежʮأǵʲôѵʿķ𣿿ʿķڲ޷Ұս𣿡
ڶʮ๫֮⣬ܹԶ̴ս櫻ǵһμʶһгɰǧݹ־ʿֱըüҪѪ
սḻеǾǸ֮ǵսǱȥǣ
лԶǿ󣬿һһŷ
ңһϣЩ
˫۳죬һУâһ³һᣬĴᣬԿֲٶǵеʦѸٷȥ
櫡һۣҲڵķӶȥ
ǵеʦ֮е5λ˷׷ȡ˸˹ǹշɨ䡣
ַոڡضԿյȷ׷γһƬĻ֮зɨ䡣
ֱħ߻ͬ˰ߵħģǿޱȵͬһ󲿷ָ˹ӵܹͬʱСֵĸ˹ӵֱӱŤƫƿ
櫡в˸ŷĹâһɫĹһööضԿյ֮ϣһööضԿյֱӺ顣
֮һһܼ糬սں˷ɨš
糬ս׷ɱð櫡Ǳӵսû糬սٶȳսȫԴݵĽսͳͳ˺顣
һټ糬ս׷ɱ֮£ںڰϣǻòϲҡҡ׹
綾֮
֮һĨâһХſһ磬һɫĿӭǣһƬ޴ɫ·ĵеʦսϡ
綾֮ǿΧϵһǾ綾֮մȾһ˿ǴʿǿҲᱻֱӶ
ֻǵеʦȫǻˣɫĶЩ˵ϣ·˿ûκЧ
ûЧ𣿹Ȼˣҵķûô򵥣
һЦ췢һХ
ǰݹ־ʿµľХ֮󣬷׷ſѪڣ³һźɫĶҺշȥ
һָһǿΪѸٵĻۣɫĶҺۼһ𣬷ڹ
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һεκɫĶҺһһܼԭմž綾֮ĵеʦսϣһܼܵеʦս˻һð̣Ȼޱȵܽ⣬һŵķ


139 ħ
綾֮븯ʴ߶֮һʹãͻγһֲĴΧϵķǶʿһȱ綾֮ʴȻڱʴ߶֮壬Ҳֻ·һʩչķҪݹ־ߵƾһʿ޷ʩչ˿ֲķ
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ĴΧϵֲʿĵλôߣ˸ûеֿʿǰ˴ûʿһȫˡ
һߣ濴ǵеʦǸʴ֮һڻսˣ΢΢һݡ
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ǵһ´ݻ˵еʦһսλдսλһ߷ĹˣһŰݹ־ʿŷ
ֻںǰݹ־ʿ棬ÿһ̶гɰǧİݹ־ʿըɷ顣
һټ糬սҲڷĹˡ
櫸Ӧǰݹ־ʿϢϵʧؽе櫣ǳɣٲǵ˾Ҫˣ
ݹ־ʿħһľսʿЩݹ־ʿȫˣħһԻԪˡ
УһЩ񣡡
˫۳ſһ磬һźɫĶͬһڹһ˲һ糬ս֮ϡ
һ糬ս˲丯ʴȵ죬ڣֱ֮׹䵽˵棬ըһŻ
櫡Ůʿ۷Ŀֲڣַͨ糬սҲб¶Ը
֮ǰе׷ɱǱ޷֮ΪҪдħһսʿͰꡣ
һҧſһ磬һɫĶյ糬սһֱӽһ糬սȫʴ֮׹䡣
һΣֱӽ䵽˵ϣַɣЩս˵֮ϣһܼսֱӺ顣
һܼ糬ս֮׹ըѿ
İݹ־ʿڻ֮зǣ˶Ƿս֮ɱۡ
Щݹ־ʿջѪ֮ӲĳڻߣЩɢҵĵеʦսȥ
һݹ־һ嵽һս˵ſѪֱһھͽһܵеʦеǹһҧ顣
ݹ־߸ոҧһܻеǹһܻеǹֳָ˹ǹһɨ䣬һ¹ᴩݹ־ߵ壬ѪĽ
ݹ־ƴ޴βһ˦ֱǼܻеǹ֮ϽǼܻеǹֱĵķѡɵܻеǹ֮ݹ־һᣬȥ
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ˣҲʤˣֻҪʤˣͿԻԴԴϵԮ
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Ȼ֮䣬Цһ±ýӲޱȣԶ֮¶һ˿־֮ɫ
Զ̳е
һװ˱̹ˡлڵս߼۶
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ǻеϳո£޾ڻǲдǧݹ־ʿͳͳǡ
Щݹ־ʿǿֲڻ֮Уֱӱըķѣ
ôܣôܻɫ԰ףֱ³һѪ˹ȥѾȫ³˹ħһһͳͳѹȥһеʦȴʤͷһֻеʦϲ֮£ֱӰˡ
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ħŵĲвս˽ս濪ʼɨս
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ӵ壬ǿıǺڰһԼħһ塣ħһֻħһ֮еһ֧ݺ۹鱨ʾħһ֮ҲӵһһϵĴʿǿ򣬲С
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ĿǰӵеʵȫԽϷǰ֮д󲿷ֱħռĹոһ̫ۣһȫԽ
֮꣡
꣡
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Ļеһ벮³֮󣬱ܵ˲³˷·ǵһһӭȿֺıξ濿£Ͷϣɵ³Ǵ󲿷˵ġ


140 Ǿޱ԰뺯
ħҪѪܹѺǡħһ벮³֮󣬴ɱ䵱ҽͳͳΪūʹ衣³һͬһ׵Ļ³˵ġ
ûɳеʦĴƽ³˹ħһħͳͳϳ³˹ӵ12ƽ³˹εС
³˹֮沢ûмţɳĹ̻³˹һҪ濪ʼ޽Ҫ
³˹ո֮δ½Ϊ֮𶯣Ŀⶼ˸֮֮ϣ˶δ½ĸС
֮ǵܷѶ޹Ƕδ½и֮ҲһСɫǷ
ħŶ˸֮£³˹֮ǶȡǶδ½ſʼĸ֮ǡ
̽ӡϸͬɶ˻һԸĵĽ˷Ѷ޹֮ǵ֮ܲ棬Ѱһ鱨
ͬʱ·ܵĹһ㣬Ƕδ½һһǿʿȻƿѾõĵƱǿսЩɱѪɺӡ
һ߹Լһɳһ֧еʦźڰɽڵķ׾ٵĽڰɽƬС
ڰɽƬԱȽƶ񤣬ûħʯȻӣű׾ٵƿС
ڰɽ֮ǰڰɽλ֮ŵһߺú̽һ
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ʱһ뺯ֱӼĵС
뺯ϸĿһᣬЩʵǾޱ԰ٰʿŴᣬǰǾޱһΡ·ţǾޱʲô֮
ɳϵѩŮʿ·Űһ۵ǾޱǾޱ԰֮һررλ棬һƺ
ǾޱأÿͿԵһӵĳˮǾޱͿһʿ̥ǰı仯Ҽʿʡ
Ǿޱ԰ʿų϶ŮԣҲֻ츳ɫŮԼǾޱ԰ܹ֮Ϊ֮һؼһؾӵǾޱأܹԴԴϵʿš
ҲǽǾޱһ֮ΪͻͽôʿûнǾޱֻһʿҲҪٹһܹΪʿ˵һǷǾޱ԰һ顣
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һĨâǾޱ԰Ƿȥˡ
Ǿޱ԰ȻӵʮֳԾνλִ죬ķϡƶɣӵı
λ֮Уܹ֮Ϊǿ֡СһӵеԶԶԽǿʿЩǿÿһӵпֲҲʲô鶼ӵдһЩС޷һ
Ǿޱ԰Ȼӵıǵĵ֮ǿ֪ҲЩΪʲôδ½ʿô
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˺񣬹ϲѩŮʿ֮ǡǵĴԵأôԻǿǰ֮ףء
ʥǾޱǾޱɽһ˿ߴ֮޵ĳС
Ǿޱ԰λǾޱɽǾޱ԰˽룬ֻǾޱ԰ʿѧͽʿԽ롣ʥǾޱṩǾޱ԰ʿѧͽʿȤĳС
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һޱȵɫħܳԶ۶ͣһеǰһŴīѩһͷɫ³Ů٬ߵļŮ¶һЦݡ
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Ǿޱ԰Ů٣һֱӸ߲¡˵֮Ǿޱ԰˶Ƕδ½ǿ
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΢΢һЦһؿڵĴԪ£һƽͬʱǶʯʮܳ˴·֮ϡ
ЩƵ췢ŮһۣһָһǶŴʯĳԶĴ˳š
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ǸߵĻǶ׷һؿڵĴԪ£һɫܳ˲ڴ֮ϣǿ֮ͨϺܿͳһӺӡ
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΢ЦܹΪҵҡ
ȺʵܳʱܹﵽٹÿСʱ
ЩԺ1ͳܳʱܹﵽ600ÿСʱ
δ½ħܳ80ÿСʱ150ÿСʱҡʿħܳǿԴﵽ300ﵽ400ÿСʱʿϡ٣ʿƵħܳҲָ
ڴʿʿϲħܳߡ600ÿСʱܳѾǶδ½Ķܳ
600ÿСʱ֮һĨ˷ܣ΢Ц棬ҸæҪμһܳһμ


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˫۷ŹȻһЦڣȥֻܵҪʱ䣬һǳ顣
ֱţԶر˳ţŰһЦǻʲô߰ɣ
ܵʥǾޱ֮Ϊļİʮ๫ǳ֮ϰб¡ת䡢¡ɽɳءȸֵΣʥǾޱʿ쭳ϲۼĵط
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;ݳ޺ʮܳǻ֮ܵϻʮϡ١
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һȺ֮д˳ǶһƽǶʯܳڵϾŮУŮĳܳ
ʿ֮УƽֻǱȰͭ΢߼һĻҡֵǮǸħޡħڵĸ߼ħˡħ
Χļ֮Ƥ˳飬תź󷽵˿Ůȥͬ۹ȻһȻЩһ￴ˡֲðȵһֱôŹ֡
ֻ˿Цͬɽһĵ·Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⡣ǳʿȻ֪ܳħ֮ܳԵ
һӳ£һĿ㱻ϣĽĽʵָӵĸ顣
һ𷢱ۣһɫβĺõ밲ƣһȫڽòȴԵЩۣòϿԼʮŮЦ˹Ƚ㣬ˣߵλʿûв´ĻӦþԸ֮ǵɡ
ŮĻո£һĿʹ˷ϡ
ǾǸ֮Ψһļ̳棿
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ǰ˵֮еԴбǰʥǾޱǣѵΪǾޱص

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ѩŮʿ·ʿһ֮Ǻ󣬸֮ǾһԾΪ˽ڶʿŵһʿšΪ֮ǵΨһ̳ˣȻܵЩʿǵĽͼʡ
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ʿ֮УʿѾ˷ѣоɹʵҩԽʿĳɹʿѧͽĲΡڶδ½棬󲿷ֵ춼ҪΪЩΨһ̳˼ܡ
֮Ψһļ̳ݾͱޱȣǾޱ۹ĵһ˳λ̳˰ȻҪЩһ˳λļ̳˻ҪǾޱ۹̳˸һѾȷԼ̳иֲ֮
֮һĨâ΢Ц˿ãû档
һĿ࣬һͷ̷ɢű뺷ϢϹżЦ˱˿Ц棬Ǹֻ1µȵķ𣿲̼ΪӵܰˡûмİӦʿѧͽǣ
һһɫʿۣ޳ò΢Ц˹һ˿̻֮в棬밲Զһ㣡Ҳɵ㣬ʬ͸塣أһʮȤ
ʮԼɢʽʿѸٵĻɫ̷ӺǴŰɫʿ۵ߣһϷʵĿ档
üͷ΢΢һ壬ת˿͵·ʵԲеĴʲôȻǰʴʣ
١ʯѩḻʶİӡ
·ŵĮְèģҲʶ
˿֮һĨ֮ɫ췢ӦþҰ֮צһǿѪɭӦǰ֮Сء
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һĨȻ֮ɫԭˣǾޱ԰ʿ֮вǿģȴѶԸĴڡ
Ǿޱ԰ÿ;ٰһʿᣬδ½ʿŶһȻѡɫʿһδ½Ķʿǿ߶Ǿޱ԰ǧ˿ƵϵʿڲҲвǾޱ԰Ůʿһû˸ҶǾޱ԰δ½ʿΪС
˿Ǿޱ۹һ˳λļ̳ˡܹȢΪޣôһǶλɷΪԻþ޴Դ֧֡Ǿޱ԰Ǿޱ֮⣬вٽرЩرܹ̥ǣһ
׹ֲһĹһ˹ԭô޴档
Ǿޱ۹ҲǶδ½ǿĵ۹֮һһȵǶλͿվ޴ޱȵԴЩԴȻϽɴ󲿷ָǾޱ԰֧һСԴѾΪֲΪõĺôԾ޴ޱȡ
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ʲôҲңĿ䣬ҿȻǸ֮Ǿޱ԰ĹϵȻͽȣҵĻ֣ͽƬЩмС֮Чȡ
վĻһؿڵĴԪ£ȻһǴ׵8ͻеӴԪ浯
8ͻеû˵˲䷢ֳָƵ𵴵ſɭҰ֮צ֮ŷնȥ
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ס֣üһһʿĿֲ֮ǵɨһۣʥǾޱǣʥǾޱǾͱǾޱ۹ķɡʲôԹ뿪ʥǾޱ˽Խ뿪ʥǾޱôսҶܡ˭ҪʥǾޱڶ֣Ǿޱ԰ĵˡ
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Щͷ۵ĵһۣɫ̤һǰעſɭ
Ǿޱ԰ϲַǿɭٳ֣ȾԻὫֱѹӡ
سˣɭסְɣʥǾޱǣ
ɭɫ䣬ҧһΣѸٵĻָһԹĵ档


142 λ
һĨ棬ǻܵһжԹĽʽħ֮ܳľɸҺǶһѣҶĵĻʵʵĹʥǾޱǡ
еĴָâһһڵϣֱӴ򿪣¶һӵĶħʯһѣ˼ֻһ£ǾòӦĶעһ䶥ħʯħʯļֵǶ֪òӦĶעʵʵĹʥǾޱǰɣ
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ħʯһǵһοֻдʿʸʹõı
һ鶥ħʯֵ͵ħʯϡһ䶥ħʯֵ20ڵ͵ħʯϣ̫ˡ̫֮谮ֶˣıﾹȻҲ

һ̰ʡĽĿһ䶥ħʯԼϲشת
ȿһӵĶħʯ֮ҲԾһĨʧ
ħʯ̺֮ħܣҲʿյħܡһ鶥ħʯս֮о൱һԲϵĻָʿĵľһ鶥ħʯ൱һƿȶָһĿֲҩ
ֶħʯмУһ㶼ڴʿУʿáͨʿûм
Χ˴󲿷ֶǸޱȵʿ֮Ҳûм˼ʶħʯŮ涼˫۷Ź⣬·𿴼һ
ɭ˵ɫһ±ѿ֮һ䶥ħʯֵڶʮڵ͵ħʯϡȻҰ֮צ֮һţʮѾΪʿȴҲòʾ޿
һЦûóӦıǾ͹ʥǾޱǰɡ
һϷʵĿһ¼˿ɭ˵ϣ·һѰһ̵ǼЩۡ
温ſɭˣڿС΢΢һ¶һ˿áħʯ˵ĸоˬġ
ɭ˫һ죬һһƴСǳͭԲһ³У˭˵òעλ̣弶رλ֮У弶ر֮ΪһֵȫĶħʯͣ
弶ر

Ȼӵа

һȵ𣬼˵ĿⶼɭһͭԲεסˡ
ڶδ½֮Уϵرʮϡ١һЩʿǿһļرûСڰ弶رʿ֮еĴʿҲδһ
ɭоȻһ弶رȻʮֺ䶯˵Ŀ⡣һĮĵ·Ҳ΢΢ɫ䣬Ķһλ̡
˿λǴʿϵǿ߽λеıر֮ûλ̣Ǵʿǿһ뿪磬вҲʧããǺҪǰλӵǽûλ̵ĻвҲʧǽ档֮⣬λ̻һãǿȶλͨһλͨӵλ̵ĻԱøӵȶͨǿĴڡ
λжʿ˵ΪΣգҲΪ޴ðΪһǿʿһλ棬ɹĳΪǸλ֧ߣôüΪֲ档
δ½ʿϽдģаʵ顣λȴûԼһЩаǿʿȡһλ棬Ǹλ浱أȦаʵ顣
ʿҪһλǰһλ棬Ҫַһֱããǿ֮Уǿλǰλ档ڶַλӵǽ磬ǽѰλ꣬ǽλ档ַͨõλ֮·λ֮·ǰλ档ַ֮⣬λķŶо޴ͶӰȷλ棬޷ӳԼĿֲʵ
ҪλУλ֮·УҪȶλ֮·ıǿʿ޷ͨλ֮·ֻһЩСĴڲܹͨλ֮·λ̾һȶλ֮·ı˵ΪҪ
ɭһóǰλ֮һĽĿ⣬һɻ⣺⣬λ̼Ȼ¶ˣͺѱסˡ
ɭĻһţĿһ䶥ħʯ֮ϣһĨâֻҪӮһ䶥ħʯλ̾׸֯Ҳҡһ䶥ħʯ֯ʹͶĿǰ˵λõöࡣ
λֻҪλеĴʿϵǿо޴ôʿµǿλҲûаôڿɭ˵λ̵ļֵԶԶȲһ䶥ħʯ
ɭôҵֵڶʮħʯɡ
һЦ赭дĽλ̱͵һĲֵλ̣Ȼǰʹ÷Χ̫խֻдʿϵǿ߲ܹʹá½Ǳߣֵȫڶʮħʯϡڶδ½棬ʮħʯѾʮ˲ˡ
ɭɫһ±ѿ֮Ҳ޷Ļλİ½Ǳ߾Ǽֵǣǿıڶδ½棬ȴԵʮּߡλ̲ã̫߶ˣ߶˵δ½ûܹʹûʹüֵرʿ˵൱ڷһ
ûλ̸ûã
ǰλȻǰûиӹҲûиӷǿնλȶλ֮ͨ⣬ûаôǶδ½ûλͨҲûǿʿǿߣλ̸һôҲûС
ҹƣǶδ½ûõİλˡ


ЩдһЦ֮һǰͷлָͿλ̵ļֵ
ɭһֱλûг֣ҲΪڶδ½֮УλʵʲôüǮ
滰һתΪ˿ҽضܹΪǿʿϵǿߡλҲеȤΪѵעɡΪ˱֤ƽð֤ˣ˫ע
ɭһеλ̽˰ȣã
ҲһֵʮħʯĶħʯ˰ȡ
Ǿޱ۹ĵһ˳λ̳ˣʥǾޱ֮оʹǾޱ԰棬Ȼ̰īͿɭ˵Ķעһ䶥ħʯһһλ̣Ǿޱ԰ҪԼ档
һӣʮߵħʯ˵ϣһЦأʮߵħʯԼֵ1.5ڵ͵ħʯҪҶĵĻóӦıûУǾʥǾޱǣҪﶪˡ


143 һ
ʮߵħʯøУ
̫֮ˣֲܹѩŮʿǡ
֮ôôУ

ʮߵħʯЩʿһ۶ˡߵħʯȻ񶥼ħʯмУȴҲǼΪıߵħʯ̺ŵľħܣԴʿҲмĺô
һһʿһߵħʯһرһúϧֻͻƿʱҲֻλڶδ½˵Ĵʿǿ߲Żմĸߵħʯ
һ±漷ҵɫһһѿ֮ĴʥǾޱȥڶδ½ȫˡڰ֮ĵλҲһǧɡ
֮ƣޱȡغò׳Ϊ֮һĵһţɲλõȥһڵأͻλõŲλ
ɫҧӻһӴ򿪣¶һޱȵľˣһҾߵľˡҾǿȾĴڣ֮ÿһͷӵпȴʿǿߵսһöóȥĻӦÿ1.5ħʯ
ʿĳ֮ʵҲвࡣͬĳλͬ׳Ķ㡣һͷʿĳԿԶԸͷҿҽĴʿ
Ҿ߼ȻǿȾĴڣľһ֮оԿ1ħʯϡҲһме䱦ഫرϡ
龧Һϲǿʸһġ浭һЦʮߵħʯ˰ȡ
Ҳһǿվ߾˽˰ȡ
ҪҽЩעˣͷˡ
ȿеһĶעͱ֮һĨʣ̰һ޶ĲƸʿǿҲᶯģʿȻҲĶ
Ĺÿһ2ˣʻΪȫİʮ˹ʻУֱʹ÷ԷļʻԱͳʹóϼصĹԵзйȫ̵˻ʤȺܿƽԼ΢Ц
ħܳϵͬħܳǿ֮ͨϼصĹϵͳжԳͼʻԱġֱӲпᣬҲӴ̼ʿǵϲ
̿ڣֻܶĶעҪˣעħʯرƽֻҪмֵĶԳ䵱ע
浭һЦһӣʮߵħʯǰǸߵħʯħλۣޱȵʮߵħʯǲõⲻǮ
Ҹģһħʯ
ģħʯ

۵ʿҲһѪգΨ²ҵˡǷ׷ߣԶġ
˿һЦ˼ųʿǵĿ⣺ҪҼԶĵ˶Ǽһ¡
ǻʿǶ˿߿ʼеǼǡ
·ŴȱħʯЩСһļȻǮóһħʯѾǼޡСһȫģҲܹ׬͵ħʯ
һǹȻһ̾СҲⰡҪôһˣûħʯɲС
Ǽ֮ǻ֮ϣһ¾Ͷ˼ʮħܳ
ȿߵĵ·֮һĨʵ棬ȷҪϳ𣿡
һʿᶯĵľħܳľ֮У˺޲óʲôûС澹ȻһˣֱʲôĴ
΢΢һЦû
ľľ֮л椣Ȼɫħ֮еɫħ
ȻĶľ滹椣ֶǸһǸŮֻ»ء
øֶΡǸС椺̫Сһ㡣ȻϲĿζǱ̬

һСһ𡣺üʿ¶һȻģѧѸǵŮԼݡ
ɭһЦһһļ֮УһҲͻµʤô޴Ǹˡ
浭һЦһԲŵ·ֱȥ
·źȻ㾹Ȼѡҵĳ飬̫޳ˡ
·ſǴʿǿߣ໥ɱһֶֻܹɵһ١
·źȻ΢΢һﴫ޳ܣϲҰôæǶħʮ顣
Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⴫ɽ
ΪɶʮħܳͬʱСһβħܳߴһʮ桢ɭصǿߵĳһš
ǰ漸ǰ˹ϳܲôõһЩħܳİҪǸЩܲôõħܳһ޴ƣЩܲôõħܳһᡣ
ʮܳԱͣܳһа׻Լͷɭİ׻սһصİ׵սһǴɫǾޱƵĺɫǾޱս
ɨǺɫǾޱսһ۵ȣôҲμⳡ
ȴһɫĽ£һЦ֮з·ȼڵս⣺ʮϲħܳľ棬㣬ҲԲ䡣Ҷûж⣬עֻǧħʯ
ϧ䶨ˣ
ǿɲһ
ʽʼ
˿һ֣ﻹû£ǰһħܳҫǿҵķһͬ쫷һֱǰȥ
ҵɭһŭХӴޱȵľѸٵĹע׻ս档
ǰ׻սǰѸٵֻ޴ĳͬʱǰ׻սɾһ룬ֱӼٵ110ÿСʱĴųֱӼԦһ쫷Ʈֱӳ嵽ǰһħܳϷѹħĶ˳ȥ
ص׵ս˲׹ҫͬһһ㼲۳棬ޱȵѹǰһħܳա
棬һˣ
ȻһЦתɫǾޱȻǾޱս֮γһǾޱ֮šǾޱսֱǾޱ֮׾ٵĿԽ˵ǰһħܳԶ۶ȥ
ЩڵϿ޷Խϰ׶ٵľͱһӵвͬħֱܳӿԽ
ɭ˴Ӻ󷽼۷ӵǰ֮󣬶ʮħܳʮĬķٶĵ֮ǰ
һȺҹɣ˫һĨ˷֮ɫͲţһťŵķͬһĺ֮1֮ڣɾٶ˲200ÿСʱݺݵײǰһħܳĳβ
䣡
һ֮һħܳӲıֱײɣڰ֮мֱײ֮⡣


144 
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ʻŷ·һͷ֮߳һ㣬ֱײǵǰһħܳӲıֱײɡ
һֵ߰ħܳͬһ㱻ײ·䣬ڰ֮вϷӾ𺳡
ײУ
ħ̫ܳײˣ
ħܳģû뵽ȻôײС

ǻ֮һ޴ޱȵķĻǷĻ֮ʾűЩʿǿʻŽһħֱܳײɵײһĻΪ֮զࡣ
Щʿ֮쭳ҲټӲĽԷħܳײɵһĻҪԷħܳײɣô˫ܲﵽһ˵ĵزͨγװ̹֮װܵľ޴ࡣħܳ϶ǳԶʿ֣֮֮Ĳ࣬Ȼô
ЩǰħܳһĻ׷ױãóһ·
ļʻ֮¼۶Ѹٵĳһһħܳħܳĵһš
Ȼ֮䣬ʮħ֮ܳϷâҫһŻʮħ֮ܳ˲ֱӺ
һΪħ֮ܳϵĹʮħܳΧڵȫǡ
úݣҪŪ
һöҲͰˣʮöһħܳԵֵסɱˡ

ʮöһ֣ǻΧΧŵʿбһĨأ۷׷׵
ЩõħܳʿǾװרŶرÿһħܳʮֽʵȫԵֵĺըԵޱȵĽһħܳײɣȴû˺ЩʻԱֺΪЩħܳͲ٣ûôױƻ
һħܳҲͻᷢ伸ƶԷ䡣һʮĻըҪԷصĽࡣ
䣡䣡䣡
ʮһºʻ֮ϣ˾޴ıը
һ˲䣬ű˾Ŀ֮дǻըĻ֮м۶һ͸ķȫ
ҲҲҵ
ɱһţһťŵĳ֮˲ʮͦ˹ڡ
ʮͦ˹ڻײޱȵĻ࣬һħܳɨȥ
һħܳҲһ˲ſһŤ
ĸ˹ڵݺݵĺŤ֮ϣһӣŤ飬˹ڵħֱܳɡ
䣡
һ֮һħֱܳӱը˷ȥ
һǱӰǱը֮зӶӰһ֡ԹĿʻŵšһһʿǧһ֮ʩչһϣͱǸ˹ںɷˡ
ʮͦ˹΢΢ڿڣ£ٴһħ֮ܳϡ
䣡
ħֱܳӱ䱬ħܳļʻԱȴǼ磬ʹħܳ
ͳͳȥɣ
һЦһ°һť
ų򿪣һ΢ͼƵ׷ըֱһ̣ЩħܳǺȥ
FUCK
쵰

ЩħܳļʻԱǿ΢ͼƵ׷ըһɫ԰ףֱԼϼӳһ֮ǱĴħ֮ܳѸ¡
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ʮħܳ΢ͼƵ׷ըĺը֮£ʮž޴Ļ˷ȥ
ʮħܳļʻԱһɫ԰ףһĨ־֮ɫ
úݵļһ
ЩҰ֮צͰ֮ļһﷴӦҲ죬Ҫǲͱֱըˣ
ǼһﻹǹݵģʮһҰ֮צ֮ԪϻԱֶȻº֣޷졣
̫ˣҼʵһ
Ǹ֮Ƶţһó֪ħʯһܡ
Ҫܹһžͺˣ

ǻ֮Щʿǿʮħܳһһը٣һ˷ޱȣ۷׷סǵһһħܹܳ˲ݻʮжԵħܳ
ЩħܳķǿײУһ˫۷Ź⣬޲žΪУúðʻһ
ЩħܳǼһĻټšȻ߶ܳĳ٣׷ᡣŹǿҲԲð֮Ե޹ʻɱЩħܳļʻԱϾЩʻԱûʲô˲𣬿ǵıȴвٴˡ
ݻ˺󷽵ʮħ֮ܳһťźһĸĸֲŵٶٴη٣ͬһǰ׷ȥ
̶ʮ֮䣬ļʻ֮һ·棬ۿɼٶѸٵǰħ֮ܳľ롣
ÿ죡ٶ̫ˣ
Ȼܹ׷ȥٶȣ̫ˣ
ٶȣֻѾ400ÿСʱˣ

֮ЩʿǼһĻж𺧣۷׷ס
δ½ħܳһٶȶٶ๫ӳַҲܹﵽ300ÿСʱ400ÿСʱٶȣֻд˵֮дʿʿܹƳĶħܳ
ʿǿ߻϶ǳַرǿķ೬˻ôħܳĻʵر
ʿϵǿһʵǿÿֲһĴڡЩǿĴһҲôħܳĶǱƶٶȶԶԶԽħܳļޡ
ȣһˣ
ڳԽɫǾޱսͬʱŰȴһڣһЦֱӼʻųԽ˰ȡϾԵˣҲٲʡ
쵰
ȵЦһ䣬ʿ۷Ӵһ¹עǾޱսڵһħ֮ڡ
Ǿޱս֮УǾޱȻ֣˼Ǿޱһεճս֮ϡǾޱս񼲳ۡ
Ǿޱ֮£ٶȻһǾޱսٶһ±óƽ
΢΢һ㶴Цɣȣ̫˰ɣ
ȵ⽿Цսħܳľӣʤ塣
ûʤ壡
һЦ֮ɭİ׻սǰһ죬ѸٵһףԲ׶εļײǣһ٣ݺݵսֱײȥ
úݣȻײײǣ
̫ˣİٶ๫ĸټװײǵĳײʿĻܹƻɭһ̫ˣ

ǻ֮Щʿʮ˷ܵ۵
ǰ׻սװϡȻ400ÿСʱٶײһʿķԵֵס
һһťһ͸ķ˲սͷŶ˴塣
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һ̣˶û뵽һĻˣǿɭİ׻սײǾȻӲĶѣ嶼Ǿ޴ķ֮£ֱײɣϴתתһײɵ֮⡣
һЦһťӳ֮ϣӣһ΢ͼƵԶ׷ٵͬһſɭİ׻սķȥ
䣡䣡䣡
һը֮˲佫ǰ׻սֱɡ
׹ҫؼʻŵ׵ս·һųڵڵһ㣬绡¡һֱӽٶһ500ÿСʱһ˲㳬Խ棬Զ񼲳۶ȥ
Ŀ΢΢һ˸ɵɭĴ㣬һť
ŵĳ֮ĻݺݵǾޱɵķ֮ϡ
ǻķ֮£Ǿޱֱȼգ
ĹܻĹʱ˼ޣֲĻŵٶ600ÿСʱ̥Ħ潦ǣ·Ҫһ㣬˺ѿſֲ쫷صȥ
֮һĨʣԵ̾ÿܳٶȾԳ600ÿСʱһó֮ǵȻ
ٶȶۣžǰħܳ
̶̼ʮ֮ڣʻűֱӴӺֱ׷ؼʻ׵սݡ
һĨ𺧣о𣺡ÿĳҵ׵սǴʿʿƵħ֮ܳûдʿʿôƳٶôħܳ
׵սһ֮лõıǴʿǿƵĴܳһֱΪ׵սδ½һħܳȴû뵽ٶȱĻҪöࡣ
ױɫ䣬óһߵħʯһ֮ڣӴľһ¹ע׵ս档
׵ս˲׹ҫ¡һһݺݵսֱȥ


145 һһ޳
һһŵķ֮ϣӲĽŵķֱŵװ֮ϡ
ŵװ׹âһеĵԼ뵽Դ¯档
ҲͻȻı仯һ亹ǿ磡Ȼܹ4֣Ҫǿһ㣬ž͵ֵסˣ
˽ڶδ½ħܳûһܱȵš׵սǿԶԶ
Ȼ͸ȥɣ
ɱһݺݵһ˺üť
΢ͼƵ׷ٵڷɳͬһ׵սȥ
һüߵħʯֱӶ׵սħۣͬʱԼľΪӣֱӷ׵ս֮ϸŵķ籩ϡ
һſֲޱȵķ籩˲׵ս֮ϣһöö΢ͼƵ׷ٵ׷ױǷ籩ֱǣƫƣ䵽һԵ·߱ըըһ޴ĵض
ǻ֮ʿǼһĻһ˫ĶǸĻҴһ£©ս֮ս
ظոһȻһһΣԤӿͷɨһۺ󷽣ֻеϵͳͳͳ˳ڣһһڿѾŹâڵڿ֮лۡ
ʲô
г˶δ֪Ŀ־壬һҧʻ׵սͬһ׹һǳ֮ϲϵŤתַ˼ж
Ӳ֮⣬ܲǶħֶܳΡħܳԶܻĺը
뷨ܺãϧô㣬Ҳܶùļ㡣۷ɾԤ֪δһЦ
֮󣬴ŵڳڿ֮һֲĵ⣬˲ص׵ս֮ϡ
䣡
ص׵սֱӱһ룬к·ɽ嶼ɵ˰С
׵սԭλ֮Ҳֱӳһʮף׵Ŀֲ󶴡
ײУʲô
̫ײˣ̫ײˣ֮ǿܳôײ𣿶Եսʹˡ

ڴʿһĿɿڴ۷׷סǻǵһοװǿսħܳ
һڽص׵սݻһ֮ɱһţٴǳڿʼܣٹ룬ܹٴηһڵڽֱӺɱ
ҲģҲİ棬ȥֻҪˣеһжˣ˫۳죬飬ݺݵһơ
һɿȴʿĿֲ˲Ƭ
ʿǴʿ
ڷˣ˰֮յƣ
Ȼдʿػһǰ֮ӵţ
һ£Ҫˣʿǿ֣߳һͬǿֵ֣߳ס

ǻ֮ʿɫ΢΢һ䣬жһĨ֮ɫ棬ҲһĨ
ʿǿÿһӵо춯صĿֲλ涼ʷĴ漶ǿߡֻҪʿǿ֣߳ʿµĴڣܵС
һֻɷγɵĴ֣̩ɽѹֱץȥ
Ļ쵰ɫݺݵһ䣬֮ӹһĨκͿɬȻǾޱ԰ľţȴҲһʿ
һ£ˣӺ׷ĿɭһĻҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
˵Ŀ֮УǷγɵĴһ֣ǳٸߴ600ÿСʱֱգ̥תͬһֻƴ֮зС
ֻһ֮ϵķͬһ飬Ȼץȥ
ߣһͶӰǵкҲǰצһɱ飬Ѱɣ
ߣ·һֻĮĵ·һһɴʿĿֲСָ֮΢΢һһɫĺ˲Ǿ޴ķ֮ϡ
һֻ޴ķ˲䱻ǰɫĺ֣γһֻ޴ı飬Ȼ˲һƬƬɫıмء
ʿǴʿǿߣ
ǸŮȻǴʿ
ѩŮʿһѩŮʿ֮ǰѩŮʿո˸֮ǣ
ѩŮʿѩŮʿ𣿡
̫޳ˣȻôʿǿϳ
̫ˣ

ǻ֮ЩʿһĿɿڴʧе
ѩŮʿǸŮȻѩŮʿһߡ⣬⣬ôܣĿɿڴ֮г˲֮ɫ
˶Լ۾Ҳҳʵ
ʿǿڶδ½ÿһĴڡǴ󲿷ʱԼʿ棬߽иָо
ĴﾹȻ߳䵱һĽɫͺһ߸ϵĹȥһλµͨԱһ㲻˼顣
Ըķ䣬Ȼ䲻𣬾ȥɣ·һָһһ׵ĺ˲ϯȥ
һ׵ĺɫ䣬ȡһħȣĬģһĻһ޴Ļһһ׵ĺϯȥ
һ޴ĻһӴǴ׵ĺ㷢ȵ죬Ȼžһֱʧһ׵ĺһصϣֱӶһα
һѪɫʮȻصü֮г֣һɿȴʿĿֲ˲䱬ֱըѿ·ɽ
֮ϵϢһ䣬˫һޱȵǻ֮⣬·һˣзһԲϵԵޱȵԭѩŮʿǰ֮ļأɫһ㾹ȻҶ֣Ҫǰ֮Ϊ𣿡
δ½ʿŸ߸ϣҲͬԵޱȡǱȽƽ׽˵Ǿޱ԰Ҳд˽
·üһֱӴ棬СģǳˡҪҪɵɵĻǻϾͺͰ֮ˡ
Ц϶ô񣬲øӣɵǡǾޱ԰ǰ֮
ĲǿĵҲԽԽࡣȻȻʿֵĶ֣ǶԷҪԻԷһϲ
أ㲻ϵһͶӰȻҲвңǲ֪ˣ
·һЦתһָһ֮γɵİɫϢصһһ˲㽫ֱӶ˱񣬽־ŭı鶨
ǸϵļҲǴʿǿߣһͶӰһǿĴʿ⡣


146 ɯ
ȼæߺѩŮʿʥ£顣
ʥǵͼʿԴʿԼϵǿڵơҲֻдʿϵǿ߲ʸ񱻳֮Ϊʥ¡ҲǶδ½еĳƺ֮һ
·һӣ֮űֱӻһƬӨıмһöָҲֱӷ֮ϣĽǴָ
ȼһĻһף֮ŸޱȵĹâ
ɣֻҪûΥҾͲٴγ֡·һ˷緶һ䣬ת̤档
ԭǼһŮ龹ȻѩŮʿ
һΪһû뵽ôƻľͰһʿϳ
ѩŮʿߣκ˶޷ֺ

ǻ֮ЩʿŻȻĽǼʡһ˵ĴʿԼ붼顣
·ŸոţһסС֣Цеɣ
·ĹĵĺһۣҵսƷ
ЦеĶҵĶҵĶҵĶ˵սƷҲҵսƷ
޳ܣˣ·˫һģֱӽöָ档
ӹһöָ֮󣬾һɨѡ˼ҪĲϡҩ֮󣬱΢ЦŽǴָݸ˵·ţˬޱȵ͸ˣ
·תŭΪϲöָץУ⻹࣡
¿ʼ֮ѾûκʻһȣֱײԶԶ˵ڶİȣ׾ٵĶξĵһȻӰнӹԼսƷ
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һ֮̾һɫʿۣ¶֣۵ӭƮ¶һ˫޳ȣķԸУһͷҫ۽𷢣ɢŨŨŮζһľɫ˴֮˳
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һͻľɫ˾Ǿޱ԰ʿ֮һɯҲǾޱ԰֮һ
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ǻ֮˵·֮⣬˶ſɯһ񣬾Ҳ⡣
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Ǿޱ԰Ȼֻʿػǲӵı½֮ǿ߽ãǱΪӴȫٻܹڶʱ֮ڼϳʮʿǿߡ
ɯɨһۣһĨ֮ɫЦ棿ȻΪһʿҵǶ۰мӡ
һʿȻΪһʿ⣬ôܣ
ֻ1µȵķķôΪһʿ

ɯĻһǻ֮˵κˡ
1µȵڶδ½֮͵ȵĴڣһͨũֻ¶ӵ1е1ϵȡ
1µʽΪʽʿδ½ǧ滹ǵһ
ɨһۣ֮ҲһĨĽͼʣȻ1ʿʾȻܹ1ʿ˷˶ĵر
溩һЦ·һẩʵԴǵСꡣ
ɯ΢΢һЦ·ţϴμʱѾʮǰˡȥҵıǾޱǺúһô
·һָҴӦ˱ˣҪСӡҪȥǾޱͱ
ãɯü΢΢һ壬Ȼɿ΢ЦȣҲҺúõкһ档
ȹǣʥ£
ɯһӣۺɫǾޱ裬γһǾޱħ̺
˶һǾޱħ̺֮һǾޱħ̺㾶ֱǾޱ԰֮ȥ
ڻڳУһòͨ˺Ȼһ䣺ʿFUCKȻдʿ䵱ڡǶأаմѩŮʿа𣿡
һۣòͨɱĻֳɹİաҪŽߣûпܡҴɱˣͳͳ
òͨ˾ǰʿѧԺ֮ħֵ֮ͳ˹ǶءΪܹץ棬󶥼ʿԳˡ
˹һ̾Ǿޱ԰Ҫ͸ϼˡ
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ѩŮʿıǾޱ԰鱨
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ʿڲӵǿޱȵĽշ󣬽ֹУֻܹн档Ψرǿ߲ܹǵ֮ڷС
Ǿޱɽ֮һͷףɫƬһֻ޴۵۾һ˳޴Ķɢһ˿˿겨
۾ᣬ֮󿰱ʿǿ󳬷ӵ츳ӣܹʿ걾ԴǴʿǿߣҲ޷Ŀӡ
һϢ۾֮ϸֳ
ʿŶȦͬ۾ӵ츳ĳֱңֹļϸ͸ʿòӵطԱãǵ걾Դȴ޷á
֮ԲʹҺ̬˷ǰμʿᣬһҪǾޱصʸһҲҺ̬˷۾ĳ
࣬걾ԴĲҶסˡɯʥ£۾ᷢ˻Ƶֱ˵һߡ
ɯһֱͨǾޱ԰ڲȥ
ͨľͷһƬïޱȵĻ԰ֵָĻ׷ţɫ磬ʤգɾ
һЩ˵Ǿޱ԰Ůʿѧͽǻ԰֮д󣬲ժŸֻ䣬֮еŮ
֮ȵ룬һƬʿȺž߲ߵʿǾ߲ߵʿ룬һߴףΧɫǾޱһɹǿޱȵħܴǾɫǾޱ֮ɢݶΧħŨȣԶط


147 ½鱨
濴ǾɫǾޱһĨâʿѧԺĺԴǴܹǾޱ԰ĺԴħǾޱħǾޱȻԶԶȲϴܹȴ֮Ǿޱ԰ܹŮǿ߲ΪĴڡ
Ǿޱ԰ֻ츳ڵŮӽƫĵ˲ŷʽǴЩѡħǾޱǾޱ԰ֻʿûС
Ǿޱ԰󲿷˶ŮӣǿΨһ֮һĿ㼯ϡвһЩ鱼ŵŮۺͷǡ
Ǿޱ԰ŮбŮҲŮҪ鱼ŵöࡣ
ſɯһ߲ߵʿ·㱻ȴʿΧһ԰档
·ǸſɯǱǾޱ档ǾޱǿɯļһĴڣǧûһܹ档
һ΢΢̾ŨħܣħŨ̶Ǻ֮СħԪسǱߵıֹѾӵŨħܣ߲ʿڲħ֪ܲŨʲôزǵ֮Ĳࡣ
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ȺȻЩӵ̾ϢһѩŮʿȻıڣǳҵϡ棬ҵǺ۰ء
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½Ϣͨʿ˵ǻܣɶڸ֮ӵдʿȴ̫ܵ鱨
ȻʵǶδ½ûǿʿϵǿߣΪЩţǰ½𣿡
Ȼһ̾ûδ½Դƶ񤣬ӵоŽǿʿľ磬Ȼǰ·ǰ½һֻᱣǿʿľ磬ȻǶδ½ûгǿʿǿߣЩǿ߶Ѿ뿪
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ЦʿǿǶδ½Ѿǿߡ½֮ȴ㲻ʲôǿʿǿ߲еλڶδ½ѾĴڣôȥ½￴ɫʹ
תһ룬Ҳòϰ˵еЩʿڶδ½֮һ绽꣬ĴڣųԽܡȻԸǰ½Ͽɫʹ
ǿʿľǰ·ǿʿһЩһ׷ʿ۷壬ԼŲпǴԽħľǰ½
ʵǶδ½滹ǿʿ𣿡
Ҳ֪΢΢һЦǿʿײβǧû˵˽Ϊǿʿ֪ļǿʿѾ뿪˶δ½
һת⣬˫۷Ź⣬ֱʿ֮ٿΪʿῪ̿ôֻܶ޷ǶΪʿһ˵ĶעΪ120һע⸶ʽ׼֣֯ɢϢܶע³֮ӮˣҿԷָһɵˣе⸶ʽ֧ʤ㶼κʧ
ԭΪԼɵ˻һʿȫƸѾʮָУǿͨ½ȻҪǧħʯ˹ԼȻʮƶҪץסκһ׬ȡħʯ
ȻһЦ⣬ȷҪ￪̿Ǿޱ԰κιĲΪ40%˰
ҿһۣЩĵ40%̫˰ɣܲٵ㣿˰̫صĻָҲӦĽࡣҪȻҷɣȡ˰ô
ȴȤһǸǾޱ۹ĵһ˳λ̳ˣҲûȨǾޱ԰˰ߡ㵽ҵ̿ڵĻҿ˰ա
һʹֹڣ̫ˣһʵˣ¾ôˣ40%˰40%
ôģһܹΪһʿĵһˣҪ֪һʿ֮иƣǶδ½һĶ֡Ұ֮צĿɭʿѧԺĿʲĪ֮۵Ļ֮ס֮İ͸Ǿޱ԰ո֮桢ʨưķϷŮսղЩһš
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һЦа취ԸǣʮţԻһʿĵһ
ȶ濴˺һᣬȻһЦȻôţҾͲ˵ʲôˡҪ̿ڣôһ̿ڲʽΪӦö࿪̿ڣɭܹõһ̿ڡʲĪõһ̿ڵȵȡ༸̿ڣעҲһЩ
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֮Ǿޱ԰ЩԶδ½ʿǽǾޱ԰ڲ
ʥǾޱǸһĻ򿪣ֱһʢ
Ǿޱ԰ʿᣬÿ궼ٿһΣͬʱʵתЩʿǵսҲʥǾޱڴһʢ䡣
Ǿޱ԰ڲ³ǵǾޱ԰󾺼֮ڣǿɶʮ˵ľ;Ѿϵرʿǡ
Ǿ޴󾺼һˣһС̨С̨֮ʿŵǿߡ
δ½棬ʿŸ߸ϣƿһУλԶԶʿ֮ϡҲ˶ϵʵڸ缶棬иʽʿŵĵλ


148 һϰ
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ĻǴ󾺼ձ㱻ֱӵȼ˶۷׷ס˿ڿһӣҲһЩǶڴ


149 ˭һս
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152 ħӾӵ˹
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ȥû˸ҴǾޱ԰⣬ΪǾޱ԰̫ǿ󣬽Ǿޱ԰ڰװһǾޱ԰˹˺ɷ顣
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һͷħӾԽٶδ½һ˾ܹɱδ½и֣׶ٱ㹥ʿŵϳֻһδ½Ҳе֡ƵǵõһħӾ֧֣Ǿޱ԰Ȼ䡣
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ǿߵڶħħǿĴ˵ǼΪĲƸǿĹħṴλǿ߶֮ףöԷ꣬ȻתΪǿħԼĸ;֡ߵ꣬ǻᱻ֮ʯĲϡ
λһǿսλʹʹǿߵɵսǰԽǿǿߣܹɵʹǱԽǿ
ƵȻһЦЦʮǿеĻȴ˶񶾣Ƚ㣬ûиоԼʵԽԽʥǾޱطȷʵǶδ½֮ط֮һؿԼߡϾǿʿĻ춾ʱϵԽãͻԽҰһжˣҲӦ˰ɣԹԹԵȥһʩչطͿɯõ׼ҵΰħӾӵ˹¡һܸˣȻҸǿ
˵ûֻ춾ȷʮҲ޷ľ綾Ҫɱ㣬ƾڵҲѾ㹻
˫֮һųҫޱȵ⣬һŭХ˲䱬޽ӽǿʿĿֲһһǾޱƣϢͭУӴľע֮ͭڡ
һɺޱȣʥϢ֮ͭлɢ·һʥϢڴ֮ͭѡ
Ǿޱ񾵣Ƶɫ䣬һȡһͨīħü֮ӵһֻۣͨڣ׳ޱȲħ񣬴еӵ˹£ң
Ƶһ֮˺һᣬ׶˲䱬ͬһǻʼҴ󾺼Ĺϯֱȥ
ʿ޷ֱ֮ӱЩ׶ᴩѪ졣
ǹħü֮ѪɫĹâһͬһѪɫһ㣬תʿѪҺͳͳֱħ档
ǱѪҺʿһɺԣݾֵıپ߸ʬ
һħʿѪҺ֮һΣӭǣ·ڽͨĴʿϽԽԽǿ
һħһץɫȻ֣ǹϯ֮ϣ˲һʣ޷֮ʿֱѪûǺɫ֮С
ǺɫʿѪ֮ħǿ˼֣Ҳһ˿˵ζ·Ҫһ㡣
ӵ˹һת˿ȵϣһЦʥǾޱǵĿȣòҺ㣬ŷңһϡҽһὫתΪħԶҵߣࡣ
ȥɣͼħ
ʮܹħǿһХǾޱħһա
һʥĹâ˲Ǿޱ֮бһɫĹžһеĿֲܣżӵ˹Ǻȥ
ӵ˹һĨ֮ɫһץŷ·ܹһеĺɫȻֵǰ
һɫĹһºǺɫֱ֮ӽǺɫһ羻ֽ⡣
ӵ˹ǵıʵǿޱȣһܹɱĴʿֻһķԽλ潵ٵʵ𣬶ҲûӦرӲıǾޱİɫâѹơ
꣡꣡
һ֮ӵ˹ǵʱһһѷ죬ǺɫҲԽԽС
ɶұڴˣһƾͿԽ
ӵ˹ǷһĵŭХ֮Ƭ·ɽ
һɫĹҲ˼˿ƵǵϣƵǵĻֱӺ飬ֱӺɵأһѪ
ҲֱһѪ΢΢һΣ˵ϣеİǾޱҲ˵ϣʮֲĵĵſƵǡֻҪ֧ʮӣȫֱӻɱƵǡ
ӮˣãվӮˣӮˣ
ƵǴڵĴӵվЦ˵Ŀ⡣
ʱſڵϣһıʨưķȻͬһһֳһİذſƵǺݺݴȥ
Ƶ⧲֮ʣֻü΢΢ƫһ֣ǿưķذױֱӴĸ
Ƶ˫죬һŭХƸֳһǾޱӡǣݺſưķֱӺȥ


153 װ
ưķ޷֮ͱǿƵһźУ˲䱬ֱӽմ
ʿȻǴʿҪɱǹȻʮѡ㲻ǱʥشҪ㼸ǲܣ
һۣٴγ˿ưķ塣΢ЦŴ֮˳ſƵһָ
ǲڿƵǸذ׶ʱųİĹâһŨ֮ѸٵſƵǵĸӶϣʴ塣
ƵҧгݵǴ漶ذ׻ƻ裬Ӧħ崫̿ͰͶµǰͶµˣ
ưķ΢΢һЦû
ưķ֮ڳɫ΢΢һ䡣
ʨưķǶδ½ħһġ˭ҲûһħģʿžȻħһˡϢһȥԻ޴𶯡
ƵʮֲĵΪʲôҺ͵ѣΪʲôҪɱң
ܼ򵥣Ϊ㱻شˣưķ΢΢һЦ˫֮ҰĵĻֻҪͳͳɱϽɻԴҽΪʿǿߡǧѷĻᡣ
ưķ˫֮ҰĵĻ΢ЦͶ㣬ŻеĶ֡Ͷ¶һǾޱ԰ӸȤɱ㣬ûκֹܹҡ
˵úãȷʵһǧѷĺûᣡ
ʱǴ󾺼֮д滶
ưķɫ䣬תħҼħ޵Ĳкȥ
ֻԭͷ­ѾƵǺħҼħһվһУǱɵͷ­Ҳһ·˹ֱӲħҼħ޵ľ֮ϣ˫һų˿˿ɫĹâ
ưķ÷·һĿ⿴ʧе㲻ǱƵʥɱôˣ
װģôݵôʣħҼħ޵Ѫ洫ĴЦ֮
Ƶǵɫһ±ʮ־ʣҧܣǱʬˣô
ħҼħָ΢΢һҡһ̾ûĻ£˾ԭĹѧλϵͳðɣ˵򵥵㣬۾ƭ㣬
ڱƵǻеһ˲䣬ħҼħװϵͳóװƭ˿ƵǡħҼħ޾ûô׻ᱻƵƻ
Ƶĳ³һѪǾޱ԰ĵڶǿߣ֪ʶḻޱȣͨѧơھȻ漥ûĻ̡ܹжԻһֱӰ
ЦһȳüѪȴͣ
·ȻһЦһﻹǽƻҾ֪ôġ
ưķǿһЦǰһˣȻǸ֮ǵľšǶĶ֡и飬ϣܹһ¡ħһǿƣ꣬ưδ½Ҳֻʱ⡣δ½ĶǣΪһɢɳΪ塣ħһ壬ħһ嶨Ȼȫ֧ƿǾޱ԰Ǿޱ԰ǾޱҲ֮
ýƻĶϧҡȥɣһЦһ
ħҼħ˫֮׹ʿĿֲ˲䱬һӣһӴޱȵϵѸٵޱȵĵش̣Ŵ֮ȥ
һӰһӰǴ֮ɶǿưķˡ
󾺼֮Уһ³ưķ
ͷħҼħĲ֮£ִ˫ȷ治𶯣һĨӰѸײڶ֮Ȼ˿ưķǰһƺݺſưķȥ
ħҼħ޳˲ܹ֮⣬ڵսֱȾƶٶͬҲþˣԽ١
ưķûзӦѾǾ޴ƴſֲӰǰ
䣡
ʯɽǾ޴ޱȵֱ˸գ˴󾺼֮ϣǴغһ󶴡
һС¶첻ãҪ־㡣ǿ㻹еüֵķϣɱˡһޱȵĻ֮ı
һɨװãһ۾ͿԭӦûԲѵϷŮսղѾվһˣɫ԰׵Ŀưķ
һɿȴʿĿֲղɢȻҲһʿľǿߡ
תһصղݣҲǰͶµ߹𣿡
߹ҺͰͶǺϵҲղݣղѾҵˡ
ղ΢΢һЦһ䶯Ѹٵı仯һ𷢱ۣѩףԸУźɫƤ׵Ůӡ
𷢱۵ĴŮ΢΢һЦҽȣڵ󣬲ڵһаٱħŮšδ½ߴʿ棬ҵİ֮£Щŵֵġ
üͷ΢΢һΪʲôҪЩ
ȻһЦȻΪԴˣÿһʿһƶأɵǣеĲƸҡҵҲ֧һʾ޿ҡվߣûʲôôϾ󵰸ѾֺˣҪһڣѡ
δ½Դḻĵط϶ѾռݣʿΪģССʿѾֺΧ浱ʮǿŴӷѶ޹жһС̡
ΪʿǿߣȥʲôطܵһҪԼͻܵﰵĳ⡣ʿǿ߶Ϊﰵĳķ˴ľ֮ϣƽӹԴ
֮һĨâ΢Ц棬Ǹ֮ӦʮҰɡЩԭеʿɾôǷչأ磬ȥҲһͬǡֽǾޱ԰£Ȼ󽫶ʿһɵϷǵԴ
һǴ󾺼ɫ΢΢һ䡣
֮ӵе·ĴʿǿߣʮֻеʦʿܡǿһƽøӰܻпܳΪδ½ʤһö롣
ԴǴȻ죬öصӺƲ㲻˵ˣҾԲЭ
ȼһĻ֮һĨʡ
ɯ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ
Сϵ˵úֻ˵һףֻһס·ƲƲ죬һЦ
һȻ˵ţһвϵţô˵᲻ر̸еĴţӦòɣֻҪұǿǾû⣬ʵڲУ򲻹˾ӵλˡ


154 ƿǾޱ԰
Ȼˣôֻܹȥˣ
һ̾ιĴԭʧһ³ħҼħ޵ǰһצħҼħ޵ļʻֱץȥ
ս鼫Ϊḻһ۾ͿħҼħȼʻԱڵļʻա
ÿ죡
һĨ֮ɫһʿս飬Ӧ
ǧһ֮ʣħҼħ޵սѸٽӹһУӴޱȵķâǼʻڵλѸٵγһ̺Ԫʯؼס
һŤһƮĳħҼħ޵ͷһźħҼħܵͷ­֮ϡ
䣡
һ춯صľ죬ħҼħ޵ͷ­ʱȥһ飬վĵҲֱƬ޴ѷ졣
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ȵٶȼֱ쵽˼ޣһӰħҼħޣһŽһź֮ϡ
̶һ֮䣬ħҼħ޾ͱʮţʯɽ
棡棡ħҼħĿǰ״̬95%Ŀԣ֧1132֮󣬱Էơʻ׼һоϢѸٵĴݵС
ħҼħȻǿȴʿĳװɻеս֮սüΪ޴ܹݿҲûȵսϣ޷ݳһж޷ӳԤ֪δһĿֲֻܹƾħҼħܵսսΪԿƴʿˡ
ȺȻѵʿҪ÷Ը
ʿʿһ֧ʿ˫޲ͬʿھ湹ķԼʵķǿһ
ʿֶԶԶʿôࡣһǽǾֲܺսԸõİ취ֹķ޷ԶԶĽǺɱ
֪ʿҲûӦķܹⰡħҼħ޼ʻЦ
ħҼħͨϵصĳȽϵһҪǼԼϵȼΪѡ
ֻܹŵˣ
һħҼħһŭХļϵ̾ұϡ
һ䶯Ҵ̷˷ȥ
ƾƯһξ룬ͬӰһܹҴ̣ˣһֱ˵Ҵ̵̷Χ֮⡣
һ˲Ǵ󾺼룬ͳһͬһ㣬Ҵ̵ľ޴ʯϣħҼħڸǡ
ַ򲻵ˣֻװļ޴Ҳ㻹ܹ֧ŷżļ
һЦһΣûʮӰӵͬһľұ֮ǰȭߣҴ֮ϣһ޴Ҵһһɡ
һ֮䣬ħҼħ޿10%ͷŶľұϾͱȴݻٵ߰˰ˡ
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬Ǿұ˲ըѿʯͬըѵĵƬһ˷ɽȥ
΢΢һαˣһ·ӳԶĶǾұڵλá
ֻħҼħ޵߾ǳһͷɷұħǡ
֮Ųʧɷұħǣ㾹ȻӵͷļܡǸ֮ǵȻﵽز𣿡
Щڹϯ֮ϵʿҲһĿɿڴЩԼ۾
ʿһܶѾΪ֮ĿӵиıʵԱȵĿֲڶδ½棬ҲֻʿŲżԼı棬䵱ǵĵ̡
泤һ̾Ϣȣ㻹߰ɣսȥֻ·һͬΪķϣҿԷһ·
ʲôһ·ɱҺ𣿡ЦܾҪҶʮѣҪɱңǲܣŲһʿЦˡ
ڵ澭ɱɳĴʿкüʿǿСս鲻֪жôḻһ۾Ϳơ
ȷʵɷұħǻ΢һ㡣ټأ
ħҼħ޼ʻ΢΢򿪣һâҫһһ8ееǹеܱеڱսһ³˴󾺼֮ϡ
ʱ䣬Ǵ󾺼֮ϾͶǧ8սˣһ˫˫źɫĹâȡ
ȵ΢΢ɫ䡣ʵȫ8ս֮ɱɱܵǵݻһǧ8ս֮ʵͻܵܿȴʿٳû͵ϮǿҲĿܡ
ȺȻһЦԭˣԹȻ١֮ǵĻеŹȻ鴫棬˹׶Ǹ֮Ǹɵİɣ
΢΢һˣʲô˹׶Ҹ֪ˣ
㲻÷ϡ˹׶һ׷ɱѩŮʿʮأҲм֪ߡѩŮʿǸ֮ǣ˹׶ѾɵôɵˣϿȷǸ֮ǡ˻ȤͬΪķϣһ䣬Ѿϸ֮ˣΪ֮Сİɡ
΢ЦһλֱץſưķһΣֱŴ֮Ӷȥ
ãյûбƳ濴ȱ֮ųһ
ʿǿʵֲ̫ŵĻеȻаջȣȴûаɱȵʵ߾ߣ֮
ܹ֮ɱ˹׶Ϊش˹׶Ȼ͵ϮŽ˹׶ɵȽƻ֮һԣԶݣҲûа취
һ뿪Ǵ󾺼֮һƬĬ֮һɹա
ħҼħһת۲ڿƵǡȡɯųƶδ½Ǿޱƶ
Ƶת̬¶棬ȾңֻҪҡҿԼ޸㣬ƿǾޱ԰һ԰õȡɯĲժδ½Ǿޱ
棬ҪĻڳɱҾͰѰȼ޸㣬ΪǾޱ۹һԻʵۡҺͿɯ֮⣬Ǿޱ԰ϲ˭Ҿȥ㡣ҵ֧֣ضڰ֮ڽΪʿ
ʱǴ󾺼棬ƿؾƵ˾棬Ҫ˭˭ܹȥҪ˭˭ͻ
Ǳŵ·ŵıһ飬ӱ֮˳ߵʵʲô㣿
΢΢һЦȻҪ˳ƽǾޱ԰ȥˡ
ûκ֮ⷢǾޱ԰ʤҲ֮ԲðǿǾޱ԰Ǿޱ԰ʿжж˵ˣȻŹĴûᡣ
һâħҼħ޵ļʻзɳ˵ϣ¶һֳͲ弶սΡǸ弶ս˴󲽵ߵ˿Ƶǵǰ
浭ƵǣֿҿԾһ
ƵĶ弶սˣһ̾˵ֿĿǰʵɱһʿͶħҼħ޵ļʻ治Ҳûκΰ취
弶սȡڿƵѩ׵֮ϺݺһҺֱ̬עڡ
ƵǵҲԶıһǿɱ˴Լʮ֮һҺ̬ˣջǱҺ̬ͳͳÿһ䡣
弶սһץƵǸذһֱӽǻƻذ׳˳
ƬɫѪӿƵǵĸ
Һ̬Ѹٵ۳Ѫܡ޲ſƵǵĸͬʱĴ̼ſƵǻѨһ±ǿӲĽֱӽʵ÷顣
棬Ƕлˡ
ƵǴһһЦĿ˿ȡɯŮϣ֮ӿһĨɱ˲䱬һǿ֣ŮֱĨɱ
ֱӴһָ
ƵǶʱͬϿһ㣬ʹһµڵϣʹѡ
弶ս󲽣ߵ˿ǰץסۡ
֮һĨ֮ɫеס֣棡ҪǾޱ԰ıʲôԸ㣬ŹҰɣ
ƵǸ״Ⱦ֪עҺԲʲôö
΢΢һЦǾޱ԰һУԼþͺˡӽǾޱ԰һУڣҵˡ
弶սץĿȣҺ̬ҩֱע˿ȵڡ˿ɯЩķҲֱӽҺ̬ҩעڡ
ȡɯǿ˻춾֮ʵ˼㣬ڵҲ޷ɱЩҺֻ̬ܹƾЩҺ̬ûǵڡ


155 춯
һЩû뿨ȡɯǿڵҺ̬һ𷢶̼ڵѨԭǿޱȵ
ɿֲ˲ӿŮڱһſڣ³īɢŶĳĻ춾
һָʵĿڵħҼħϣ֮һĨɱһǿʩչħҼħͬһɱ
Ǿޱ԰ڲȽǾޱ԰ǿʿһսпܽԷѹɱ涼Ϊ֮ɵĿֲ
ɱһ±ʹһԹʹһ±鲼ȫ¡ʹýҲʹڵϣҽС
ɯһĻ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ
ǸˡҩǸ֮Ƴҩ鼶ǿ߱עҩ֮һ˲֮ģʹȫҵƿ֮УɱҲ첻
󾺼֮Ʈš
ҩǺǣ·Ǹߴϵ֣Ƥ΢΢һ飬ҪЦ
Һ̬ҩĿǰֻܹƴʿһǿߡǿʿδܹƵס͸鼶ǿߡ·һڴţƭˡ
ɯǽϵĿǱģʮ̵ֲ棬Ҫ۸Ƚˡ飬ƹɣ
һָ
ȱоڵʹʧŻ㺹վҧгݵħ
浭һЦл佱
ƵЦ绨˸ۣһĨߵߣãû뵽㾹ȻҲ˵档ˣҿƵԸЧʲôŶ
ȵſƵ֮ԹޱȵĿҧгݵ棬ɱֻҪɱҾͽǾޱ԰㣡ҪңҲ㣡
ǿƵǺȻѣ˿ȣȾԲᱻ潵޽ӽǿʿľǿߣһǾޱ԰ˣǾޱ԰һǾޱ԰֮ڣǿʿҲѹ
ĸھȻƣǺ޲ýƵʬΡ
ƵŴԣ΢΢һһĨ־壬濴ȥȫһ֮䡣۴ĸ涼ҪʤĻһ뿨УԻ
΢΢һЦӽȻǺýãҪúദƵǣģѾǾԲ˺㣬ֻҪ춯ǾͻʹͬҲɶ˺ǣͬҲʹ
Һ̬׻ҩƿġҲҪǾޱ԰һŶӣǾޱ԰ܹĺܹƿǾޱ԰
ƵѾĵ￨ȺͿɯŮֻнĸ棬һ·пƵǾޱ԰ȺͿɯҲֻܹ棬ڽֱӼܿա
лˣƵǴϲһͬСһĻС
˫ɭޱȵƵǣҲǾޱ԰Ĵʿһģûϣ
ƵǷ༥ȣҲװʲôʥࡣӽһ˵˵ҪһŴ֮ϳأ
ͨòҪ
ƵЦеŲҪأҲ˵ʵˡ
浭ˣҪˣ
ǣˡƵԵʮֹɵĹӦ
Ȼ˵ʲôǿǴ󾺼̱֮ʿһ³ĬҲԸЩͼʿǰ¶̬
ɨΧһۣһĨâˣô
󾺼ڣжʮҵʿЩʿ֮гһǾޱ۹Ǿޱ۹ľӢײ㡣Щɱˣ˵Ǿޱ۹Ԫ
浭Ȱȫȸȫעҩ֮ڷ뿪
Һ̬׻ҩҲǸ߶˻ɫЯһǧֻֻܹȸЩԶδ½Լʵǿʿע䡣
ǾޱذɣҪȥúһе鰲׵ֱ֮ӶԿȵ
ȵڻѵûȵĻڵǿֻ¶Ǹ֮Ǳˡ
΢΢һЦЩǿ߲ȥǸ֮ǵ֮ܲҲͰˡҪȥˣǾ⡣ʿǿߵʬ壬Ϻõϡ
ʿǿߣħʦʦһྫ쳣ǿĴ֮⡣󲿷ִʿǿѾʮǿᣬϺõϡ
˹׶ʬҲѾֱƳΪһ߿ȴʿսܡʬƶɵսܱȽΪ޷ļȡ
˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵в֪ĶǸ֮ǵܲ˼ȣǼʶһǸ֮ܲǿ󡣡
Ȼ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ѸٽɯƵǡȡ·ŵȼŮͳͳһ䣬һһȫϢͶӰ˲֣âҫ֮ǸһֱͶӰ֮С
Ǹ֮ǵ𣿹Ȼ֮ǵĳҵȻš
ȡɯƵŮȫϢͶӰ֮ж΢΢һݣǸ֮ǵȥһ֡
ȻԵɺУһֱô֮ǡΪ֮Ҳ֮ͬδ½һʿڿȫϢͶӰ֮ŶԸ֮ٴЩĹۡ
֮ǰʮϣһСͼվֻо֮˺̶ӣܹǰܵڶ飬ս֮ǡ
Ϊ֮ϵϳں֮˴ǮķѾ޴Դ֮װΪһ޴սҪɭޱȣҲǼΪϸЩЩͼ֮ǵҴ̿ͻ鱨Ա󲿷ֶһ߾߲Ƶʬ塣
ɭޱȵķ֮£Ǹ˸ź֮ǾǸ֮ǳҵסϳ
һ̶ֻŻﻺź֮
Ϊ֮׶֮ҲΪÿһ춼Ĵʣ̶ﲻ
վס
һ弶սֳָ˹ǹһס̶ֻĺȵ
̶ֻӶʱͣסû˸Ҷ
Щλ˿˿ûζֻޱȵĳЩǻ¸ը̵ͳͳˡ
һԲԲԵЩСֵӴȺ֮˳ˣ̶ֻӵˣʳʲô⣿Ƕ̶ӣÿһ̶㹻˰û͵˰©˰


156 شʿ
λ̶Ⱥ֮һָǸ֮⣬˶뿪ǸˣǸ֮ǵĵˣ
̶Ⱥһһɫ䣬˫ͬ˳һܵ÷ɿ죬һɢ
ȵңȺӣô죡һѣ̶Ҳɫ䣬ﶼҪˣԶȥ
֮ǵսʽΪ˿˼޹ߡвٴһЩǿĴ̿ͻ̶棬Щ̶ͬ̿һ𱻺֮ǵڻɷ顣̶֮ǽΣȻ֪еĿֲ
̶Ⱥɢһ֮¶һĿòһ㶼ۣһͷɫ̷ӡ
֣ҵıѾļϢҲڸһ£ûһ˿й¶ǵôҵģ
ɫ̷ӻһŤʮֹı仯Ϊһ𷢱ۣòӢĿӡ
شӵľĸ˹ǹӵɨ䡣
ȤֻǹѾӵвʿ˵ڵʿʳ棬ͨҲܹʹһЩǿرӳֲ˵֮ҵ˵ʿʳĴйȻ١
һץ㽫Ÿ˹ǹֱץУϸϸĹۿţ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ĸ˹ǹһɵӵߣֱŤ˵Χȥ
𷢱۵ӺȻħһĴʿǣǰ֮ǳҵһ𡣡
һ޴˲֮֮вϻصǺ֮κһ˶ܹǵ·һ֮вԼʥԡ
л˵ƨţ
һͬ޴Ӻ֮д
Զǿ͡ҵǸ֮ǵĴ֮ôҽһ𣿡һһɫĹâûʮλ档
ȣȣ
һʴʮ弶λ˱޷֮Ļһѷˮ
Ǻ֮洫ҵҺħûʲô̸ģҵ壬ӺԲħᣬҲԲħʲôסҵսһֻ̣ʣһˣҲħЭ
֮䣬һ䣬ѪӢ㹴ն
һӢۡϧӢۣħһСҵȻܿϧڣ
һ̾Ϣһź֮ڵķȥ
Ǻ֮ǵĳǽ֮ϣһ˲ȫԶ˹ڡ37׶ܶˮڵڷɨȥ
ǵصĵһ½ȫɡ
Ǹײеڻһǵ֮ϣ׾ٵĴ壬ڵ棬ըѿһһС
ǵһЦûõģվֻûǻ۵ܡƽпռ֮ߣûдﵽʿľ磬޷ҷֺ
ôôܣʿǿߣôôǿǾޱ԰֮еһĨʧ
һԵĿ۹εȸһ۾ͿǵļЦߣʲôƽпռ֮ߡʿܹ㡣Ҫƽпռ֮ߣֻΪﵽ»ʿϣʵľǿ߲пܰ쵽ⲻˡֻħҲʮֽƻƭǡΪƽпռ֮У򷨲֣ôƽпռ֮򷨲ֵľǿˡ
һԵĿƵҲ΢ЦҲͬǵʵ
ʿǿȷʵǶδ½ľǿߣӵг󼰵־طǽǴڳһУûɱΪ顢ŶħħһΰڡͬҲʵļޡ
ԭǻɨϵͳȫ԰´
һԲ׶״ĻеӺ֮ǵ˷һͬƵʵ̽ⲨϢɢ
һ״ĻеҲӵһߣ֯γһű鲼ߴ
ָɨϵͳϵɨ裬Ӱ׵ĵطǱ
䣡䣡䣡
ٶ150׿ھһ䣬˲佫ǱڵλȫǣֲڻһըһССĢơ
˼Ȼܹҵλáȷ˵ʿʳŲҶȤˡ
ǻһ߼Ť΢ЦŴǱը̳֮ûܵһ˺·ûմһ˿
泤һ̾Ǵʿǿߣţơ150׿ھڶը
ƶҪصԷУ˽⵽ǲûбܿںըΧǶڵը߳ġ
֮һĨ֮ɫڵ൱һ3Χϵ̫ɢ˺ʿǾȻܹŤѹʮҵĵطʵɲ⣬ֻҲѷһ
ǸոմǱը̳֮˹ڵڵֱɡ
ĸ˹ںǵĻ߼Ť֮ϣŤĲϲ
ɫ΢䣬һΣٶ˼ޣͬһź֮ǳǽӶȥ
֮䣬Ǳ㶥ڻӵǺ֮ǵĳǽ֮ϣʮָһ˦һɫ˿ͬӵһЩ˹һ
һͦͦ˹ֱӱǺɫ˿г䵽˵ϡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺װ
䣡
ͬһʱ䣬ǽ²ŵһκ֮ǳǽһ·춯صıը֮һſֲĢ˲ڶ𣬿ޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
һƲӰǱը֮Ǳķɳһͷײ˵֮ϣ¶˻ѪǱǡ
úݣ֮ҲһĨ𺳣µĿһĻ
ĴʿըûˣȥǻֻҲòȥ
Ǳըش֮󣬴Щûбƻĳǽ֮ϣ˹ڷǺȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǵ֮ըѿѪĽȥޱȡ
ѪҺҧĬģһըѿһѪɫ˷ֱɢ
䣡䣡䣡
ɢһ˲䣬Ŵھٴηһ䣬һºѪɫڵķλ
ޱȵĳ˲һѪɫ
һѪɫһشֻܹٴۣγһ˺۵Ρ
췢һХң
ǣҲн죡ӣǱ
һˬޱȵЦ֮н٣һ߸ߴһףһ޴ʯ׵ľ˴ǵǰ
˹ڵڵʯ֮ϣʯըһСȴ޷Ǻ׵ʯ׹ᴩһС˽һ˲ȻͿʼѸٵ


157 ǿƼ
һĨ֮ɫʯˣʯˣǿңȻĿֲڶˡ
֮âһ׽滰֮еһ
жĿֲͬеֵĿֲ֡δ½λʱͬ⵽ش
˴ʿʳ֮УҲֻǰߴʿʳ˾λ档ڰʿʳػʳҲλ棬ȴҵλҰ
һͷ׸ߵʯǳʯˣǿȾһĿֲ
˹ڷʯ˵Ļ׺һСʯѸٵ޸޷˵ʯ˷ֺ
֮ҲһĨس棬ȻʯܱˣѾǸ֮˱ص֮ġǳĸֻ֮࣬»ԶԶ󡣡
΢΢ͷƶҪؽ֮ĿƼһء֮Ѿ޽ùӵսһʿ޷ƺ֮ǡ
еɳȣҪٲ֣תߡ
Ҳ𣿡һЦ֮ǷɧޣһһһȻϢİھĸɳЦ绨һĨӯӯ˳
ɳȵǸòӢĿ࣬ü֮䣬޾ӡ
Ŀ΢΢һһĨɵ֮ɫɳȣ㾹ȻǺڰĵƣˣԸ֮ǳҵʮӡ
Ǻޱȵʯ˿ɳȱˣ֮ҲһĨɵ֮ɫ
ǺڰڵռҲѹǿڵ֮Уû᲻֪ڰ鹩ķ˹ǡ
ɳȻһЦû֮ǳҵǺڰġڸ֮ǿƽ֡
ٺ٣֮ҵ˭˸֮ǣٸƾֶˡ̶塣
һЦ֮һòӢӴһԻ˳ĶɳһС
ɳ֮ҲһĨɵ֮ɫҪ𣿡
òӢӱǶδ½ħһĲҲǵ֮ʵǰľ֣ʵ޽ӽǿʿ
һЦǺαΪ˻ûеֵĶȥԱ߻вĶһԻ񣬲ֽǸɵȻ˵
ɳȳһᣬĿұһСɽɨһۣͷûֽԱߵӬ˵
Щ΢ͼ壬ô֣ҲעҪǹԹͶĻǻһǹӲдһߣһ뷢԰ףźɫʿۣһߵߴСɽ֮л߳ưޱȵĸɳһС
ߵ߸һɫ̷òͨȥûʲôӡ
ɳһЦ֮ļغͲɪ𣿡
ڳĵʿǿߴ𣬶ʿȫǴʿǿڣ֣аɱغͲɪ
Ǵźɫʿ۵ļصȻֹ
Ұ֮צ
һĿ࣬һӣʵޱȣĿ󺺴һɫʿݲϵŮˣһС·һֻݺһӴһ˳
һĨصҰ֮צĹ˹򡢰Ϊ˸֮ǵҵµıǮ󡣲ƾˣȻǵĶ֡
ûƾˣҲֻܹǰȫˡ֮Ǵеģɲֹˡ֮֮ۡʿѧԺͬǲ˴ʿǿ
ǴӵĹ˹һЦһɫķâ˲ȥ
ɫķâһƬտޱȵĿյ֮ڣֱһȻƬյ֮ʲô
ɳȵȵǿĿһ¼Ƭյ֮ϡ
ۼ޷أƬյ֮еǿҲȥαװ
Ƭյ֮УһƬյϰȻվһŰɫʿۣһӡһƬյ֮վһһͷɫ̷òӢһѧʵӣһһͷɫݿ£·һʬһӡһƬյ֮վһŮһŮǽ𷢱ۣеӢŮʼΪ
һĨ֮ɫļ֮۵׵¡ʿѧԺĿ¡ζ֮Ŀ޶˹ȡ֮ǵĳҵţǵû뵽Ȼôĸǰץ廹Žء
üͷ΢΢һüһⲻʿʳĴУôôǿߣ
ʿѧԺʿŴǧ꣬ӵطвӰ˴ʿʳʱĶطյ˵ʿʳط
۹⼫ΪһѪĵĹؼʿӵеط಻ʤЩطҲֻܹǿʿ֮ǰ·ǻ۵Ǹ֮ǣΪҪҵõĵʿʳطǷӵнǿʿط
ܹģƿȶʿܣǶδ½漸ܴʦټѩŮʿĴʿǸ֮ǣǸ֮ѾΪһвʿŵǿڡȻǼչȥʱ䡣
֮⣬Ǹ֮ǽֻӵһߵʿ̫ǲŻᶯģ֣ҪһٲƽǸ֮ǡ飬ǧ棬ټǸ֮ʱı֣̫עĿˡķ
ȻǿƵǣΧǸ֮ǵģ᲻ҲǾޱ԰һݣ
ʮ̹ȻҲɣ
΢΢һЦ׷ĿĻ֮ϡ
Ц£֮ǿǰʿѧԺȻĳֶԸѵ˺𣿡
µһЦߵڰ׵ҵֶɱˣѾǰʿѧԺˡҸ֮ǹħͼ߸壬񼫣ѾǶδ½幫СҰʿѧԺΪδ½ػ֮һİ࣬岻ݴǡ
Цҵħᣬⲻħ֮ô֪ǰʿѧԺһҵ˼˵˼
޾ԹһһȻ˵˼֮ħһ年ᣬ񼫣ֻ·һǰ֮ԲŹ࣬һὫնɱһ
·Ǿޱ԰潫صֱɱһصһƷֱӻ𡣼غ޲ý·ŰƤǣͬʱҲĸ֮Ǻ޵˹档
˼صĻ֮۵׵ֻЦҰ֮צĹ˹ҲЦ֮ǿҲЦʲôҲû˵ȻĬ˼ص֮ʡ
ɫŭޱȵǵߵڰףǸ֮Ϊ´󹦣ôܹߵڰףǣ
Ȼ沢ûóȫϾ˵Ҹɵʮħڱǵߵڰ׵ݣǹɷŭ޷ơ
֮һĨʵڶδ½棬ʿʵǿǹƶߡ˵ħᣬûħᣬҲͬᱳħ˵ûħᣬħᣬҲκ⡣
ЦҵЩ޳ܵʿѾħһ年ᡣδ½ĵˡΨһĳ·ǽħһ塣һԳ֣ΪתѪΪĲħһ塣ħһưԴ½֮ҲԷֵһأȦЩͼ޳ܵࡣ
һӺ֮𣺡ͬΪıҵӺȻǧָȻҲԲе
úϧˣ˹һĨ֮ɫһ̾
ʿŵĴʿÿһǾпľӱǿߣǼȻѾ¶Ҫ֮;Բᶯҡ
Ǻ֮洫ҵƽȷʵӵеʿʳطУһطУȫ»ʿ֮һطУֻһˣôˣô֣
һڳձЩ졣
ǵʿʳطҪȴվֻһܹ֡ǿĻ̥ӪͷΪӪӪַΪ߰˸СӪĲ롣
رһȻӵʮһʿǿߣʮһʿǿԲͬлӵУսҲδشùĴʿǿߡ


158 ҵץ
ٺ٣ҵǳޱȵ֮ûκôһЦ飬Ǹ֮ǣ֮ǳҵ֮ٸƾ£ˡȻȴҵʿǵķǾЦˡ
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Щʿոһͬ⣬ǳǽ֮ϣ˹ɨ䣬ĵЩʿǷȥ
ЩʿǻһŤ棬˹ڵڵ׷Ť޷ǲŤƫƷ䵽һԡ
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ζ΢΢һЦȡһֻ漶ħȻ֮ȣĬģ֮һָ
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ζһӣһʮ׵Ȼɳǵصѷ֮УǻһӴȼǺ֮ǵĳǽȫɡ
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Щʿ֣ԼǿļݻΪĵһߡǻ˴Ҳ޷Ǻ֮ǵĳǽ
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һ֮ټӥװֱնһնԵصͬһʮʿȥ
ĿսϧǵĶ̫ǿˣ
˹һЦһӣһҫ׵âʮ׵ļֱӷɳ
ͷ߻׹һ·һ׹һûټӥװֱ档
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һܼӥװֱֱӴ֮׹䵽ϣըһž޴Ļ
һ8ееǹеڱеܱγɵĻϻеŴӺֱ֮ɱ˳
ڰĸɳȱķ˹ǡֱ˰УһΣֱӻָԲΣͷ峤Լʮ߰׳ĳ
ͷſһ磬ϢֱӺЩϻе档
ǻϻеս˶һ˲ſ˶ֻ֣ǶͷϢ֮£ͬĭһ׷ѿȻϢ֮лҽ
ϢһԱݻٶսˡ
һĻЩʿüͷ΢΢Ϊ֮һ塣
һĻеܣҪȻôֻ࣬һʿδܹԵôеܡ
ϰˣݻǣ
ʯ˲ɵ϶һЦһץһӿʯѸٵۣѸγһ׵ľҴ
ɵ϶Цһֱӳǻϻе֮УӶҴҡµĵطЩս˷׷׷飬ֱӱ
һȺҲźóûȥҵܡ
һЦһΣһ߷վԭأıϢǺ֮СݵʿڷӶȥ
ߣҾ֪Щ޳ܵ忿ס
Ŀⲻڵķɨһۣһ΢΢һΣҲһվԭʩչŻһ򵥵ķź֮Сʿķȥ
һĻ̥ĴʿҲ׷ʩչطϢź֮СʿǱжȥֻʯ˲ɵ϶ԼһЩڴݻЩսˡ
Ǻ֮СʿΧ޽СҪһӦصĿСҪÿҪһʮŵڡ
âҫǧͬһżطȥ
ߣƷȻ޴󣬿ǴˣҲá
һЦĬģʩչļ̾ռԾ˲ԭʧһ³СҪ롣
ǧһ˸գԭվĵطֱӺһ޴ĶѨ
زûСҪĬģʩչ̾ռԾٴ˲ʧһ³Ǻ֮Сʿ֮ǰӴޱȵľǺ֮СʿϯȥѰҵӰ
ҵˣ
һĨϲɫһȭǺ֮Сʿ֮ϣһȭ㽫Ǻ֮Сʿں䴩ֱӷӽʿһ֮ڡ
Ǻ֮Сʿһ棬һڷƷӣ鹹ҵòһģһͬӵһʿ۷Ϊ
ҵվʮ8սˣһس֣ʮͻеӶŸƵ𵴵żնȥ
˫ſϲ֮ɫһָʮʯߴһʮ8սϡ
ʮ8ս˶ʱȫʯʮʯ
ҵһץȥȵҵվҵˡеܿȨңҾֱɱ㡣
ҵһ±һŤֻǸŤֵסأ׾ٱ㱻ͬץСһץС
ҵüͷһԴǵأɱңҵҪһüͷͲǺúЩܵĿȨɱңҲԲύ㣡
ǿɨһۣһҵһúӣͬ
Ҿʹûһҵòáֹһ䡣
ȿһۣĿ֮дͲм嶼ץסˣֶӵĻﰲĿϷǰˡ


159 ս
ɯƵǵȼŮ棬ĿҲһĨ
κ˵ĽǶ֮ǵĳҵΨһѪ御ķѴԴʿ·ɸڡ䵽ϳ飬ץס
ƵæûĵˣҪڸϹȥһ쫷ٶȣټҵطȫСʱ֮ڸϵ֮ǡ
һЦãǼĿϷˡ
ӣߵļŮжЩֹֻе·ԼһЩ²⡣
һĨײ֮ɫЦҵȻҵСôȫҵһ֮䣬ҪҪʿʳطһĿʳȻǵʿʳطƳΪˣйͷ֮ߡ
ʿʳֽʳڵʿʳʱڣʿҪоİءˡššħʬʬֵֽĹﱻ˳
ǵʿʳ֮طҲΪײУ̺̹طܡ
ǷһӰ棬һӰȻһƺݺżرȥ
һǿޱȵ˲䱬ڼ㣬γһǿޱȵ֡
һ̺Ũޱȵ֮׾ٵĹᴩ˼صĻı
ǻҲһƵٶȣӮһ˲ʱ䣬ûһŷᡣ
Ƿ֮ʣصҲһķѣѸٵķ䵽һߣ۳Ρ
һ˿˿ĺڼصһ˿˿ĺɫѪҺȻûȫܹղһ
ҧгݵȻ㣡汰ɣȻ͵Ϯ
΢΢һЦ۱ɵĻ˭ܹȵࡣղŵĵߵڰףָ¹ΪһӢݳΪͽһĻ̫ˡںĶǡħһֻͱˡ
Դʱ֮˵һʿʳ֮󣬽ߴʿʳʿλλĶ㣬ѹħһһλ档
ʿϵںģĶǣ໥֮սݡħͱʿɱɸɾˡ
Ȼôɣ
һĨ⣬һһͷ޴İȻɳһֽ⣬û֮⣬γһ׻ԲϾҫİɫȫס
ԭصһأǴһװɫȫ֮ɢŵǿ
һĨسսףǰս׵ķƷɣӣӦ漶ս׷Ʒ𣿡
֮Ŀ߾ڷ˰֮Ϲʿַ֮󣬻˸طкǿرղſ˰֮һǿʿš
֮Ŀӵеǿһرǰսס֮ưսǿرڰ֮ʷ֮ϣһƳ߼漶İսסս֮ʧ
һſڣ³һɫϢţһЦûҵʵҲĶ֡ս˾㣡Ϊֻ࣬һЩͼ΢Ұޡ
ʿͨطһ֮ϡʿΪҪһطʿͨطԼľʵҲ೬СͨƳӵر֮󣬲ſ֮ϡ
̫ԴˡӵаսףҲ㣡
һЦתħһ崫еطű䣬һ䣬ɫΧƣӳĵһͷħ
ץγһī֮Ȼ𣬹ĳ˼ǰһſֲĸżֱնȥ
ĬģһָһͷԪγɵľ޴ԪذȻзɳһŭХ˦ִĳǺݺһ飬һ³ĳ֮ϣֱӵɿ
һŤĳͷԪذϷһȭͬشһͷԪذͷ­֮ϡ
һǿ֮˲䵴Ԫذͷ­ðȥ
ɫ΢΢һףĬģһָʩչļһɫĹâһ֮ϡ
ʱ½˼ȼαˣĬģһ֮ϣǴķɢ
ǼʹͷԪذȥ
ڼȫԸͬʱһӵӰ£Ȼ֮䣬һɱ˲䱬һȫ͸ӰȻ
ãɫȻ䣬˲䱬ǰս֮Ϲâҫһǿޱȵķֳ֮ϡ
һذ׾ٵĶǰս׵ķ֣ǰս֮ϣһ̶ޱȵǿǰս֮նѳһӣ˼صڡ
Լһƺ͸ε֮ϣ͸ֱӺɳȥһײǽ֮ϡ¶һӵСɫһҹף޳Ը޵ɫ̷Ů
һĸо˲ڼɢͷʹѣ񼸺ɢӿһ˿˿
ӰŮ÷ţ
д󾪣֪Լ漶ذӰذ״У۾עǰս֮ϡ
һʥǿǰս֮бע˼ڣֱӽڵͳͳɢ
ֻǾһ˲䣬żطһɲǣʮֹĳ˼ǰ˫һģһº˼صؿ֮ϣ񱩵֮һ¹ע˼ڣȻ֮ս߳ɣдȻʴ˼شƬѪ⣬˳ƺ˼غüعǡ
ͷԪذĳҲ˳ƺϣֱӵö˼߹ǣײʿ֮ϣʿֱײ÷顣
ֱ˺һŷᣬһռ䲨֮ϣԹޱȵһۣ˲ԭʧ
Щϧһ̾ϧŰսףȻղžɱˡʿŵʿһĵ̫࣬Ҫɱһ治ס
ӰŮ÷͵ϮѾرƵ˾Ȼľ֮Ȼߣصʵ֮ǿ֪
Ǹһˡɪһ֮ץҵ֮ٽзô
˹һЦҰ֮צʿǿһͬʿڣĶ÷ţӰŮҲˣãǶɣ


160 ˵ϴأͳͳɱ
ɪãһ㣬ɵ
˹һЦ֮󣬿Ĭģ巨âҫһ±Ϊһͷߴףɫëżצӳ׵½ޱɾޡ
ɾǿȾһĶ½ϣܹ˺ƬΨһǷԽϵͣ޷衣

һ˹ɫ䣬αˣȵ
խĵطǱɾһƾֱܹг顣
÷αˣһײʿǽ֮ϣƱڶԶӶȥ
˹ıɾһǰӶצӣ÷ֱһġ
Ѫɽ÷ŵһֱӲı˹γɵıɾһȷɡ
÷Ҳ˴˻ʿ֮ѣֱӷɵС
ɪĿ䣬Ĭģ֮е÷һָʩչļֹС
ļֹֹֻܹ˷գڴΧս֮û̫ЧСΧս֮УȴǼΪֲһ
÷ֱͬͷӬһ֮׹䣬˵ϡ
ĬŹ˹һָһļǿʱ˹˹֮ϡ
˹Ϊɾ֮һǿѾû̫ЧļǿʣȴԽٴǿɣøӿֲײСһڵϣҲᱻ׾˺ɷ顣
ļǿҲʿǱض̻Լ֮ļ
˹˫֮ײޱȵĹâһŭХ÷˹ȥ
ۼ˹嵽÷ǰ֮ʱͷ֮ſѪһ磬źϢŹ˹ıɾȥ
СİһΣǱɾǰâһֱӱγΪһߴף壬ÿһ涼Ǿӵļξ
ξֳļ֮սһУȴӵһԣܹ󲿷ֵķ»ʿķܹԾɱ
Ϣһξ֮ϣֱӷһºͷϣ˺ĻȼգҽС
˹ıɾǳûһ·÷ǰ׹һ÷źݺȥ
ӰŮ÷ŵսڳκһʿĶ֡ŷӰ֮ҲӵдɱְҲµĴ֮̿һǲɱδ½ʿǶʳѰ
÷ɫ䣬һ˺һŷᣬ˵һ»һźɫ·ɢ
˹ıɾһֱ˸գݺݵĺ˴֮ϣ˺ѳһ޴ѷ졣
һɲ֮䣬÷űǧ֮ĺ֮һĽ䣬ֱûӰ֮ʧ
ɳ̤նУͬŮһ㣬ֳһǶļħİڰȨȣͷһָʩչļڰǿ
һɫǺڰȨ֮ͷŶûͷڣļӳ֮£ͷʵʱĳɡ
˵Υаˣضܵĳͽ䣡
ɳֳֺڰȨȣ֮һĨʥޱȵĹâĬģŹ˹һָʩչļ֮ͽ䡣
һɫŹ˹ȥ
ξɫ䣬һֱӱΣ㵽һߡ
ʦ˾ȴڽԶԶڷһֲֿÿһ飬ӵ΢飬ӵе֮е»ʿԶԶξܵļޡҪǿеֵһļֻ·һ
һɫһڹ˹ϣ˹ıɾһ·ʹ಻֮ɫƤëʼڣƬѪ⿪ʼʴ¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
ͬ͵ƿصְͬkʽҲͬ˿ǺڰߣƿصķӵвֺڰҲźڰиʴԡ
˹ҧһΣֱӻָ̬ʱȥ·𱻶һȦһûһƤҲһ飬¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
˹ȡһϢͭŶܴ漶رʨĶܣһ٣һͷɫԪʨӴʨĶ֮зɳǵɫ⼤
Ǻɫһ˲䣬ɫԪʨҲΪ֮
ĬģŹ˹һָʩչļˮϵ֮ˮ
һɫ֮ˮһû˹˹ڣ±ʴƤܼٶѸٵĻָ
ڶδ½ʿ֮ȻȲϽ֮ʦ롢˾ҲΪڣЩʦ롢˾˵ҲֻѷˡһЩʿƷʦ롢˾֮ϡ
ͷſһ磬ſֲޱȵϢŹֱȥ
ɫ䣬ֱ˺һᣬ˲ԭʧһ³֮⡣
Ȼ֮䣬֮Ŀ޶һΣһ³ҵǰһץҵֱץУһǺ֮ȥûǱѹ·Ĺ˹ˡ
޶ҵɣ
´һֳִ߳漶ķȺҫ֮ſ޶һָһֻɫļʸͬһһ֮ſ޶ֱȥ
£Ķң
ʩչ䣬Ϊһ˹ֲͬһצӣһצ̽Ǻɫļʸֱ󱬡
ѾͬΪ˵Ц߳˿ζǰ
֮ʿѧԺ֮ûޣͬŹҵĻᡣ
֮۵׵´һ߳˿޶ǰң޶ҵҾȥ
ҪҵĻƾǵıɣ
޶Цһ±Ϊһͷ˰Ĺ޽ӽǿʿ۷Ŀֲ׵ֱȥ
֮ǶЩʿս֮вֱ飬·ɽ
һߣ濴Щں֮սŵĴʿȻüң໥֮䶼أûзֳ˼üͷ΢΢һ壬Щ
ȫˡܺãͳͳȥˡ֣к
һööں֮ĺ˵һ˲֮䣬ͬʱ
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һ춯صľ֮֮ǶǺ˵֣һжֱըɡ
޾Ĺ⡢˲ǻں֮漤սŵĴʿǿߡ
һĢԼն𣬷Բǧ𶯣ĴӴܡ
ȣȣ
Ǻ˵ͬʱڵǾޱ԰ȫϢͶӰһʲôˡеƵ豸Ǻ˱֮бը÷飬ܵš
ĿɿڴЩ˵ʲô㡭֮Ƕըûˣ
ƵҲһͣ棬֮оǲš
ɯҲһŵĿ档
ʿǿ߾߾ȫҲûпһֱ֮ըûǿʿҲ첻һ㡣Ψ»ʿϣʵ鼶ʿпһǷ֮Ĩȥ
һЦûҰѺ֮ըûˡ֮ǱҺµһ壬ʿǿֻҪ٣١
Ǻ֮һκ˵ϴ֮бֱըɣһ˴ĴʿǿߡǵǶʿŶشǸ֮ѵķչʱ
жʱһƬ˺֮⡣
ƵǡɯŮ֮ҲһĨֺͺ¡ǿƵǱǾޱ԰¼ǰ֮ǵ˵еһ˻ˡĻǺ˱֮УֻҲᱻֱը
ɯɫ䣬ԥһ£˫ȭһգָ棬֮ɻмʮͨˣѵĲ𣿡
ȡƵ֮жһĨΪȻ֮ɫǵУͨ˾ϣٶգһ۾׿ۣ滨Ѽʮ͸ɵʮʿΪʮ͡
΢΢һЦҲѾ׼Ǻֻ֮һˣģȫƵܡ
ɯһǸԲҴˡһˡ
ҪǺˣ¾ûлˡ·ЩŹֵĿ˿ɯһСֹ
Ǿޱ԰ʿ֮СȡƵʮָĻḻǿߡڿɯ˼û̫ĻˡڿһɣЩȣȨܹΪǾޱ԰ͷ֮һͷ֮Ƶһ
üһʵҵôһ£ΪʿԲڽֲܵ𡣡
΢΢һЦǸȷʵһʿץһʿֻǰ˸Ȼ޸һļˡ¾ûзʿǿرķ飬ҲԿеİ
ȼŮŻȻһССЩʿǽ˴С⣬Ҳ˼


161 
һߣǺ˱֮һ׹Զ飬ڸǡ
һܼܻееǹеڱеܱŽɡ֮н䵽Ǻ˱򣬿ʼѰеС
ȻƶҪܹ㣬Ǻ֮Ĵʿ90%ԱȫߣʿϱϾ̫٣Һ֮ǿ߶Ƕδ½ǿߣ˭Ҳ֪ӵжٱĵƣŵһʱǲ˴սǰеУѰսƷ
Щսһ˱ķ򣬸ӰֱӴǾޱ԰Ǳߡ
ȫϢͶӰǱ㽫ĳֱӲ˳
ԭ֮ڵѾȫݣγһＸʮףʮľ޴Ѩ
һƬһƬɵķ֮У洦ɼֲޱȵĲкԼֽᾧ
ȻͨȫϢͶӰǣڳȻԸоǺ˱Ϳֲ֮
Ƶж΢΢һǸ֮ǵǿ̵ֲʶɯͬȻƷ棬ȴʱʱĶתŷѵͷǸ֮ԽǿǾԽԷ档
Ӧ
Ȼ֮䣬һ˵ۺʾ
ټܹ̻ѸٵһƬտƽ֮ϣʼѸٵŵھ
Լһңһ޴Ĺͷ֮ϡ
ʯ˲ɵ϶ݷӦں˱˲䣬Լ츳û˵صףӹһ١עҩ
ȫϢͶӰ֮дһķ֮
һ̻һͷһ´ʯ˲ɵ϶ͷ­֮ϣĿʼʯ˲ɵ϶ͷһ󶴣ȻҺֱ̬Ӵڡ
ʯ˲ɵ϶ԭΪǿ󣬿ں˱֮Ȼǿӹһ٣ȴѾˣ˻֮Уֻܹƾǹ̻˰ڲ
ЩҺ̬ҩһûʯ˲ɵ϶ڣֱΪһ壬ʼ޸塣
ʯ˲ɵ϶ǿȾһĳܹץҲʮָˡһ֮ǣ֮ǵʵܹһء
Щ̻Ѹٵھţܿͽʯ˲ɵ϶ӵֱھ˳
ɵ϶Ȼں˱֮ӹһ٣˫Ѿը÷飬˫ϹĹһ룬ֻƾž˿ֲʹӲдûʹ֮йӲдʮ죬Ȼ
ȼŮǲɵ϶Ĳ״в
ʶۣɵ϶ǿļȺųӽǿʿǿ֮һǵʶۣԱȲϲɵ϶ɵ϶Ǻ֮⣬ֻǱǺ˱Ѿܴˣ벩ɵ϶λãֻѾ˺˱档
ر
̻Ѹٵƶһޱȵİɫȫս˳
֮һĨ֮ɫʧⲻǰ֮ս֮һҼǵӦǴڼصϣӦ˲Ŷԣ
浭һЦʲôѲµģȻˣȴûԶֻʱֳˡ
ǹ̻ɨһսף漶ر38.2%Խ޸Ŀǰʣ޸֮󣬷ԭ潵20%
˫һЦ̫ˣ޸սף
սǰ֮漶ս֮һҲǶδ½湫õս֮һȻ޸֮󣬷ԭ潵20%ǰսȻһʮǿսס
ȻǾޱ԰ˣǴ漶İսҲ΢΢Щۺ졣
ȳսζżˡǸ֮ǵУ֮ԲŹǵġ
Цٺ٣һս֮вǸ֮𣿡
ȶʱ
֮Ҳֻӵʿڱ˵һ¸ɵ֮ܵشŰ֮£Ǹһʿ֮ϳʮΣգʱ㸲Ŀܡ
Щ̻˼ɨսһƵĴװ˳
ȿһƵĴװľ·𿴵һڶδ½߳ƵĴʿĳ
ķ££˲֪ͽѾ޴Ĵۣɱʿشˡڿɺãһϴؾ͸ɵʮһʿĸ߶ɵһ룬һ¸д˫ĸ߶Աȡ
濴ͳüͷ΢΢һ壺ö˵ͷɵˡϧǵѪҺĲλڱըˡħֻ֮һţǵģô˵ͺڰĸɳȺпܻˡ
ɯ棬ĴʿôࡣѾȫʧ⡣ô죿
һߴΧ֮ǣжδ½ʿų֮۽ɳһʿ֮⣬ʿŶɳ˽һĴʿǰΧ֮ǡһôʿʿŶ׵ĽԼҵĴʿɳȥˡһƾͱøӵն
ǵȻҲʧʿǿߣڶ࣬ʿǿҲࡣʿǿ䣬ȫԽܣӰ֡
ЩֻôһըǾޱ԰֮⣬δ½е㶼ˡԺڶδ½棬粽СûԸǸ֮ǽ
˺֮ǣδ½˸⡣½ԵУ֮ء
һЦʲôϵǿ壡ֻҪ㹻ǿôҾ壬Ϊߣͳͳа񣬻ᱻ
תſ΢΢һЦҴǰǾޱһʱ䣬Ʊ仯ô죬ҲõһгˡȡƵǡɯҪļʬ壬Ҫ˵ûУǶѵĻһʧġҿԱ֤ǾԲ뿴ʧӡ
ȿЦе棬΢΢һһ뵽ǺֶΣЩĬһŵʮļʬ壬Ǿޱ԰Ļ
ƵȻһЦļʬ壬һģҸɵġ
ƵǱ𿴶һǧ˳СģʵȴǾޱ԰֮еڶǿߣװϵĲ࣬ʵȽѷװϵĲ࣬ͻᱻȫѹ
ֻаоǻѻʬ塣ɯЩΪǾޱ԰ͷ֮һȴһļʬ嶼ûУɼ֮ҡ


162 Ե
֮󣬰ʿѧԺ֮֮ۡҰ֮צ֮ʿŹԣ֮ᣬ񼫣ΪͽʿźһϾ֮ǵĽ׺ϵͬͽ˵ö֮
Ǹһ½Ϊ֮𶯡⻹ǧʿŵһμһʿΪͽ
ʿѧԺ֮֮ۡҰ֮צ֮ʿӵеѾδ½һټǵĴССʿţȫԵδ½֮ҵĿֲ
ʿŵ֮£֮ǶϾ
ʿŸո֮Ϊͽ֮󲻵һ죬ҲȻ֮ǵ׶ĵˣκܹ֮ǳҵ֮ǳΨһѪ˵׼ûܲܲͻΪ׼ṩ׼ԴȫΪʿǿߡ
ǵԷ·һǶһݺݵĳʿŵϡǶԸ֮ǵָȫһЦȻûΥʿŵڸ֮ǽнס
Ѷ޹³ڡ
Ѷ޼ܲһ档
ǻŷѶ޼Ԫϡ
һأŵڻ֮
˹һһ£ڸô죿
ǻʲô۵ģʿѧԺ֮֮ۡҰ֮צ֮ʿѾ֮СĶͽӦʿһߡ
ٷѶ޼ӵܶͷͬʿŴŶδ½ǿѶ޼޷֮⡣Ҫ֪Ѷ޼ֻʿһʿУֻʣ˹һʿ
ЩḻԪһŰٵˣһɸֵģ
˹ɫһѵⰣ
ȵ˰һۣǳʿŲܹĴڡ֮ͬҲܹĴڡԸ֮ǵɳһ֧еžܹɱøɸɾ޸棬֮ҲΪǵ׷ɱ۵һߣûǵĻ·⡣
һЩ־ô˵ǲôѡûл·𣿡
ûĵ˰һۣ֪𣿡
ǻ֮п־塢ŵոŨжŽǣ־֮ɫ
һпάˣ뿪ֱͶҰ֮צΣ
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άն֮Ȼǿ󣬿ʿȣվһĶ֡аѩŮʿ룬Ҳֻӵһʿʿſ⡣ע
֮ڲԪĬĬͷʿųưԶδ½ǧ꣬Եĵ˶Ѿʷĳ֮ȻǷѶ޹ܹĴڣȴҲδʿŵĶ֡
άֻҪѶ޹ĻҵеĲƸ뿪ͶҰ֮צѰһصĵطȵ֮Ǳݻ֮ǾͿ½ǵʿ塣ڷѶ޹ֻ·һ
֮ڵļʽʿſά¶һ˿֮ɫȻҲѶ޹ֻҪ˻һопܡڷѶ޹Ǵڼз֮Уֻ·һ
˹ҵõһ鱨֮ǰʿѧԺ֮֮ۡҰ֮צ֮ʿǲʮһʿǰ֮ץ֮ǳҵҲɳ˳ʿǿǰץ֮ǳҵ
һ֮˵Ŀⶼˢһ¼˹ϡ
ɯ֮Ų֮ɫʧܣʮʿһ֣ͬǿʿҲһսǡʧˣ
ǻ֮˵Ŀ֮ж֮ɫ
ʿѧԺ֮֮ۡҰ֮צ֮ʿŷ֮棬˵ûгɹץҵ
ɯڵ˶Ÿ֮ǳܹʮʿǿѡ
˹һ̾һսĽ֮ǶըɷɻңΪ˽ءʮʿʮˣ
άĿɿڴеܣôܣǺ֮ĴʿȫðرҲܻɱʮʿܣôܣ
ôܣʮʿǿߣ֮ôɱǣ
ܣ鱨Ǽٵİɣ
ôܣʮʿǿʵͬһǿĴʿôô򵥾ͱ֮ɱⲻܣ

һЩ֡ҵ֮ǻ֮𡣸û鱨Ƕδ½֮УҲûһܹһԵĻɱʮʿÿһʿӵĵƣǼƲҲѡߣѲĵˡ
ķ£ǲϸǱ֮УķѪ¶Χɱ伫Ŵɱʮʿʮʿ滹ֻˣֻ
ǿǵķѪɱʿһ֮ǾȻɱʮʿֱ񻰴˵
˹鱨ǽģ˵Ұ֮Ĵ漶ر֮ʿѧԺĴ漶ر֮ȴرѾΪ˸֮ǵսƷ档
һ˶һ
ǷѶ޼ϤţԷѶ޼Ҳʮġ鱨Բм١
ֻһ֮ǵĵ̺ǿҪ¹ˡ
ɯҲӿһĨļʺĽԼΪʲôûȡǰ֮ҰĵŮȻƽҪøǿӵиƾõҪǿӴԴͱز١ΪһǿʿķˣǻӴԴݾ
˹һЦѾǼǾޱ԰ֻҪͶǾޱ԰ĻǾޱ԰ӻʿѧԺҲûа취
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ʿЩ쾭ķѴԴȫѾֱӽΪ˴ʿǿߣȨ˶˷츲صı仯˰ǳͳλá
ԶȻһͷɻĺ֮
׹Ԯ𣿡
ʿһ̧ͷͿ˴Զһܼ׹һĨ֮ɫö׹
֮Уһ׹ǧӥװֱĻ֮߷
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Ԯѵ˵ҪЩаĺڰǿս𣿡

ǳǽ֮ϣսʿ֮зŵ׹жһĨ֮ɫ۷׷ס
֮еսʿѾĿգЩָ֮ǳƷսѾ˽⣬ʲôˡ
һܼ׹˰ڵıӪ֮ڣָս׷״׹֮¡
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еһװж֮һ׹ٴɣӥװֱĻ֮£ҳǵķȥ
ԴӺ֮ǽк˵ϴ֮ҳǾͳΪĸ֮µġҳҲڻ˴ʵȴתˡ
ϣ
ʿߣһʿ񣬹
һĨâʿѾ¶ģԶ磬ֱЩڰϳԸ׷ңһͬǰ磬ݻЩڰϳ
ʿʱѪڣȻϣʿԸ׷Ϊնɱһеˣ
ЩڰȺڰڶδ½Ű˲ЩڰСǶδ½ʿŶЩǱƵò뿪Լϳ
澹ȻҪֱݻǺڰϳʿѪڣֻ׷սס
ĵͷܺãȥᲿս׼ȴ
ʿӦǣϣ
ǣĳѾ˺ڰļ԰
ǳǽ֮ϣūһ㲣˫ľ޽ųǽǳǽԽԽߣԽԽ̡
ǵĳǽ֮⣬һִޱȣ̵ĳֲﶾѪ١ǳֲﶾѪϵļ̿׾ٵĹᴩףһĶ̴ͻԣڵѪҲᱻǶѪ⡣
⣬ʮ׵ĻǺڣҲڰ˳ʳȺǺʳȺֲޱȣʿǻǺ֮УܹʱʩչѣҲᱻǿɴ
Ļ쵰ôԮ
ǳ֮ڣ˿һǣ֮д㲣̲סƿڴ
Դӱ֮󣬱˿ʹ֮ڣϵŵԮ
ֻǵϯδ½濪ûжĲɸֻǣҲǧڰսʿ
˿ʮеĲӸסĻеţЩ춼ΣμĴȻɵһĻ
һڰŵܵ˿ߣеˣˣˣĦ׿˴ɱˣ
ʲôɱˣ˿־ŭ·һ˿ѣһսףǳͷȥ
˿һǵĳͷ֮ϣ㿴8ͻеɢƶ
˿8ͻеͷƤ飬ʧеôô߼սܣЩսܵսֻ¿һʿˡ
սܵʵһǵʹСֱӵĹϵЩ8ͻеһߴ6ף·¥ôߡնδ½ĳʶһ㶼ӵһʿĿֲս
ڳǽ֮ΧŵĺڰҲһʧɫ֮һ˿˿־塣
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ͻе棬ɨһ۰ޱȵڸ֮ǵʵѾ¶ҲأȫΪУѸٵţԾԵѹһзߣ
8ͻеȻԿȶܳĿֲٶȾֱǳȥ
һͻеĳ֮£ضΪ֮𶯡
˿˻ߵĴżż
ӳǽ֮ϣһʸͬһЩͻеǷȥ
ھһ֣츳ԶԶࡣļ꾫׼ޱȵһͷͷͻе
˾һĻˣЩͻеϹâһһ͸Ȼ֣ЩھǵĹһ͸ķ֮ϣ׷ױɿ˿޷˺Щͻеֺ
һĻǳǽ֮ϵĺڰ֮жһĨ֮ɫǺڰǳļǿ˵ʤķ֪жǿߵǵļ֮£ͻеȻܹǵļֱǾ
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һֻֻľͷ˲ķѣ·ɽһأЩͻеֹͣһ¶첻
ЩͻеȻڴʿǿвһȴǿȶʿ۷Ŀֲڣͨ޷ƻǵķ֡
ڣʮͶʯ
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ЩͻеӶֱۣһ㽫һľʯһߡ
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кڰħʦǷ׷ʩչָķͻеϡЩֻЩͻеһʧ
Щ֮ĸҲֻǸЩͻеһС鷳ƳһǽĲ
ʮ֮ڣЩ̻˾ͳ嵽£Ѹٵչһţ˻Ǻӣֱӵִ¡
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ټܻеڱǷ˸Եڻֲڻ˲佫ǵĳǽըñ顣
һͻе˳Ǳȱֱӳ˽ȥ
ЩڰҲǴӵпս֮ľȻ˾޴֮£ȻЩͻе˹
ֻЩڰĹûκЧƲЩͻеķЩͻеֳֵĴЩڰϣЩڰһֱӵ˹ȥ
˿ҧ´˳˵ˣ
˿ϵ壬Ųдǧڰ龫չһпԳĶѸȥ
ЩһǻһСʱѾȫݡ
ͻе֮˿ûͣǣű˿ĺڰ׷ȥ
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һƬ֮У˿ٶڰڴ֮дǵʱʱĴһڰĲҽ֮
˿һ㲣Щһ䣺ɶЩ̫ɶˣֱ˻·
˿ӳ֮󣬱źڰŵֱȥûӳԶЩеӺ׷˹ɱһ
˿ɢ취ͷͻΧȥ鱨ܽ˻㱨
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һװ޺ı֮ڣħҪͳ˧ʮĸ֮һܽü΢΢һ壬е鱨Ħ׿Ƿ˹һҪħҪôܣ˿ɲǷôᷢô鱨
ܽԥһ£˾ħҪѾǾӪˮйͨ¹ش󣬻ʾһɳȴĸˡ
ܹܽΪʮĸ֮һΪһǿʿһΪʮСĽͨĺڰ齫죬ԲԵЩ鱨


164 
ܽһΣԭʧĳһ档
Ǽҵǽ֮ϣǶһˮħ
ܽĬģˮħһָһɫķâˮħ֮ҫ
ܽʲô£
ˮħ֮Уɳȵֻ֮͸¶һŨŨͷ˼
׷ʲô£ĸôܽЩɲ
ɳǺڰ֮ΪɫĴĸƽʱһգ¾֮кͰʥʾˣʮڰĸҲûвͷ̬ЩŹ֡
ܽȻоɣȴȻ鱨ԭԭɳȻ㱨˹ȥ
ˮħ֮дɳĻ֮ħҪͳ˧㣬ЩСԼСԺҪЩСң
ܽȴǣĸ
㣬ڰǴʥȪ档
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ɳ˱ģľеĵƣǿӹһ١˫ȱֱըɣһ˷֮˼Ϊء
ɳȿĬģָһ㣬Լʩչļ
һɫһɳȵ֮ϡ֮£ɳȷʹޱȵ֮ÿɢһַ类õݺͱһһ
֮һȻǷҲɢԵޱȣǷͻͬ˻ʹࡣ
Ǵ֮£ɳȽ֮еһŧֱըȻ󻺻ϣ޸±ù
һɳҲĥýһʹ࣬ûʩչڶ
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ڷйһ֮ɳֻܹ̱֮ڣСĿ˳
ڰڲűѡıɱ¾ɳ֮Уʲô˶šһ¶ԼôȴĽǼΪҵ³ЩԭĹĸҲֱӷ
ʱɳг˻ںޣԼȻͲסջǰ˸֮ǡˣҲܵصˡǴ漶ļ˾˿ŮҲҪпָܻ꣬Σյİֻ꣬Ҫ΢ע⣬ͻٲ
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һɳ֮ɳȵ
ħҪ棬ܽ˿ҵħҪʵ˾ܣеūͳͳϼӿء
ħҪ֮УеսӲֿ˳˳ǽ֮ϣħҪ˽Ͻ׶Ρ
һߣ湥֮󣬾ͽֱӶʿаԼǴŶʮ8սֱӽ˵硣
ͨľھս֮󣬶ܹսսͻм½8ս˲ͬǶǻˣֻҪӵгԴǾܹһֱսȥֱǱȫƻҲǻսʿֲһص㡣
ǵôȻ˴ĵطֲʿûнطռ졣
һ磬ͱ޾ĺڰ֣ǵ棬ֲָΨһЩϡٵӫ̦޺ӫֲɢһ˿˿İޱȵĹâ
һɳʪϢ
ÿ̺֮ŵʪԶԶڵ硣ǽһʿǴʿǿƬֻҪ꣬ͻỼصķʪ͹ؽסͨĻ֮һ֮ھͻ
ոһͷܹԱѸٵĽ鱨㱨
ĬĬͨȻʿоһڣʿĸȻͨࡣͨ޷ڵôʿҪ磬ͱʮѡҲǵ类ԭɡϹʿԽȫϹʿǿÿֲ
ڵڰʿʳػʳʱȻʿУδ½ĵͬ볿ػʳϹʿУΪء
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һǶʮս˱̽յƣ֮յõƻͨ
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Ѫɶǵ֮һֳһâǾͻΪԱȻ󽫹Դɸʬǿ磬û׼һȼһĹԴͻѪɶꡣǿֲѪɶȺ֮УʿҲĿܡ
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Ƕʮս֮£һͨ硣ѪɶһǶʮս˾ͷһ죬Ȼֱӵڵϡ
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һָ֮ϡŹֵĶ涼̽յƵĵƹ嵽Ƕʮս˵֮ϣȻžһֱըѣһ󽹳ζ
Ƕʮս˼ʬħҪ
濴ǰ̵˹ͷƤ΢΢Щ飬г˺棺۹ħ߾ôͨ·ģôĳӣʮֻ»ûеִħҪøɸɾˡ
棬漸޾һֻʮҲǶŪ߰ˡ
Ƕʮսװ׺ʵҲвս˱ǶҧһЩֲװס
ĶĶ治ͬʿеĶ治ǳＶĶ档ǿĶ棬ܹ׵ɱһʿǿߡҺһ棬ûôǿĶ棬̤ʬǰС
Щź̾Ϣʿһͬսˡֻ·һ
ҪʿĴ֮Ϊһ󽫣һǰλֳ̽ʱҲ˿á
λֳʿ֮ҲһżΪµѧʣλֳ֮УʱҪõģһЩʵǿսʿ


165 ħҪ
λ֮Уλ涼ӵػЩǼʶ㣬ʿһ˽⡣λ涼ܵʿʳеܾŵֺ
Żеһʼͽλ棬ôֻһǾλΪСʤҲͰˣһˣеŶҪٵĿǰʵ޷һʼսһ͸λΪˡ
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ӴĻеŽ֮оʮ֮һǽߴһףΰޱȣǽ֮޽žʿľ޴Ҫǰ
Ǿ޴ħҪ룬޽һߴ׵Ĵ;Ǵ;֮ųһ˿˿ĹâħҪֱ֡
ǰյĵ֮УħҪ·һŹ顣ʮֹǣħҪͷŵĹâֻħҪ֮ڡ֮Ȼ޾ĺڰ֡ͬʱǵԵĸֶҲûħҪȥʿǵ
ħҪŲͨˣǴ;֮£ܹͨħҪ
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ĻеŸոտħҪһľ֮ħҪ֮
פħҪľڰսʿѸٵĻصԼĸλ֮ϣսеһȻԶȥ
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ܽһѸٵϼ˾ۣȨȣϵħҪĳǽ֮ϡ
ںڰ֮Уʮĸְ˾ĸǺڰ֮еĴ˾Щĸ֮ǰħʦսʿǵ³һĸ֮λҪɼ˾͵ò˿Ůĳϣ޷Ϊһĸ
ڶδ½棬ڰ̺һͳģʽ
ܽһϳǽ㿴Զ8սˣ΢΢һôôǿܣ
һ8ս˱ܽη壬8ս˵ߴټܣܽҲĽ֮ݻ١һǧܣܽҲĽħҪ֮еַ֮ݻ٣ջʤ
ħҪ֮⣬鶼8սˣֲֿñܽжЩ
ս룬һȰǸ֮ǻеŵʮԪ˧֮һħҪţͶǸ֮ǣǿԸһ·翹ţɱ⡣
֮ǵķͶ޿ܣȥ
ܽһŭХһΣɵǽͷеرǹһ׼棬߶乭һ䡣
һɫĹâͬһŻȺ֮еȥ
ػǰһܼ8ܱ߾ٶƣһȻڶ𣬵ǰ
һɫļʸһ8ܱ3֮ϣ˲ᴩ8ܱ3֣ĳϽƣ8ܱڣõɿڵϡ
һĻǳǽ֮һ󻶺֮ڰʿʢ
ܽȴɫ΢΢Щ԰ף֮һĨ־֮ɫһѾ̺ȫԭΪܹᴩʮܻеܱȻ˳ƽɱһȴֻᴩһ8еܱǻеܱķֱ
һЦ޴
һܱܽһ䴩8ܱһΣֱվϻűܽļʸֻҪûбܿоƬͶ¯Ⱥ㱻ֱ䴩ͷ­8ܱҲûʲôӰ졣
һĻħҪϷĺڰжһĨ־;֮ɫʿһ½͵˱㡣
ܽħҪͳ˧ҲħҪǿĴڡսʿľǿȫһһܶûиɵ·ȴ㣬ս֮Ĳֱ࣬˾
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ԭͻе˫ۺһͻе񼲳ۣضΪ֮𶯡
żż
ħҪ֮ϣʸͬһЩͻеȥЩʸһЩͻеķ֮ϣ׷׵ɿ
ǺڰµľΪ֮ŷɥļͻеķǰΪǿƼϵȫѹ
һĻǽ֮ϵĺڰɫ䣬֮һĨ־֮ɫ
ܽҹ󳵣ðҹ󳵣
һܼǶʮöߵħʯףƣʹİҹʥɵİҹ󳵱˳
ҹ󳵾Ǻڰǿս֮һһʿǿҲп֮ܽشǻɱҹ켫ΪѣħҪҲֻжʮߡ
Ƕʮ߰ҹվŶʮڰħʦĬģǰҹһָһâûǰҹ֮С
Щҹ󳵵ĳ֮ϣʮöߵħʯ񱻳ȡûСһɲǼ䣬ʮӰ˲䱬ǳͻеֱնȥ
ǶʮӰзޱȣÿһӰж׾ٵնͻеķֽ֮նϡÿһӰжٽʮͻеնء
һιͽٶͻеնءͬһι߰ٶʮÿߵħʯҲֱӻ顣
һĻǰһ¶һ˿Ц⣺ս
ҹսԽԽϲλ棬һ־ͻ⵽鼶ǿߵĴǰҹսȴע⡣
ڼϲ֮£沢ûеڱڻ𸲸ǣǼͻеŰҹ󳵵Ĺ档
ǰҹ󳵽֣ٶͻеն֮󣬲дͻеѾ嵽ħҪ֮ǰ
ʱܽһӣһŻħӭƮħҪΧһſŲҪǽ֮ϵĺɫѪ١
ǺɫѪǱܽĿƶķʱĳֲһǻħУһֱӱ㻯˲Ϊ˺ڰǻˡ
ԭһɫȻ𣬺ݺݵĳЩͻе֮ϣЩͻе׷׳ɡ
ɰǧͻеǾѪĺڰǻ˳ɣͻеֱֱӳƣȻǿֲ֮£ֱŤɢ
ܽҲһǺڰǻǼǿս֮һһͷųǧҲԽǵķߡ
һĻǳǽ֮ϵĺڰһ
ɵǣ濴ĴŰĺڰǻ䵭


166 ڰǵ
һֱֳŵĻеڱѸٵĵڿڣ׼ЩѪĺڰǻˣĽڻ
䣡䣡䣡

һ˲䣬ǻħҪΧѪٱڻ֮ķѣ·ɽǿֲڻ಻ֱӽħҪĳǽķѣһ飬¶һ޴Ŀӡ
ħҪԭӵоʿ֧֣Ҫձ鲼շҪǽҲʿ֮£ޱȡ
ǺڰûʿЩʿǵҲ˿ûôħҪŻԵ˴һ
ħҪһ޴Ŀ֮ͻеӵ룬ӶŵЩڰǳȥ
ЩڰҲڷֵֻһͻеͱЩֱӻ壬һ鴤֮󣬱㵹˵ϡ
֮ܽһĨ֮ɫһȻˣôô򵥣֮ǣôôǿ󣿡
Ϊ֮ǳҵʵ̫ǿˣ
һȻӱܽ
ܽһתͷһ㿴ǵ·žվ
Ǹ֮ǵѩŮʿץģ˭ֵôۣǸˣ㵹ù
·΢΢һЦűܽһָһ˲䱬˱ܽϣ˲佫ܽ˱顣
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ڱܽߵĺڰ黤ɫ䣬׷ŵ·ųֹ
·һĬģһű֮˲䱬Χһ
ڱܽߵĺڰ黤ǶǱ֮һ˱
·ȻһЦץűܽһΣħҪֱ֮ʧ
ʧȥ˱ܽͳ˧ԭѾĺڰȫһףħҪ˷ȥ
׾ٵľͽħҪ˻
ħҪȡ֮ǲеŵƽ
ڳΪĦ֮ǲֻǱ˵磬˵·̽⡣
۹Ҳ˺ǿ߽ǰڰǣҴӺڰ֮гɹŻ
ɳĻеһ·̽·Ĵչ̽ǵĵΡ
ĿǰȻûȫյĵΣͨڰǡħһҪܲλȴѾȫˡ
һ·֮ϣݿ࣬еǰͳͳǶʮսͳͳɷ顣
㣬ڰǴʥȪء
ĸн档ʥȪ֮⣬һ
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ʥȪ֮⣬һħҪѾݣܽĸ֮ǵĻеѾͻ˵һ㡣ڵڶļݵҲѾʧȥϵ
ɳһףһȵʲôħҪѾݣôܣħҪ棬ӵսʿһбܽĸڣôһ춼زס㾹Ȼƭ𣿡
ħҪбܽأĺڰսʿڰħʦǴʿҲûô׹ݡҲܹ졣죬ѾúڰӦ
Ļеֲ֮ԶԶɳȵ׾پͽħҪֱƽҳֱ룬֮һ㣬źڰǵķɱ
Ǹٴ𣺡ĸҾԲƭе鱨ǾǺʵģ١ǻʹԡִ֣ǽЩȫ𡣡
ɳɫ䣬Ǹج𺳵ü˵
ҪڵķָԼɳȵʵҲҪܹȫָʱ棬޷ʥȪ뿪һ˷ֻ¾ͻһ³
ɳȳһȥǰȣȥ˿ִ֡а۱ѨħˡħпˡҽˡԮֻҪԸ֣;ӦǵҪ󡣡
ס౻ʿƵûȥֻܹӵ緱ܵǿ徭ǧϢҲ˲ٿȴʿǿڡ
ĶǣһĸͬҲǹĶǣΪԴݡ
ɳҲǱƵûа취ˣŲòǿԮԿ϶ǣЩԸԮڰһҲضøʹޱȵĴۡ
ǣĸ
վʥȪ֮ĺڰŮһĨ⹧Ӧһ䣬Ȼȥ
ڰǵһȪ֮ڡ
һɫòޱȣŮһĽŮӻ§ɳȻ㱨ĺڰŮ
ŮͨɱŮȻһЦһĨôΣ£ɳȻԸִ֡ڸ֮һս֮УȷʵͬˡôΣĹͷȻԸ⽫Ȩңǽ˿Ǹˣҵķأ
ò֮ŮͨɱŮӾǵڰ֮еĴǰȡҲǺڰ֮ʿǿߡ
ɳȡšǰˣǺڰ֮еʿǿߡλϵ˵ǾǺڰһ֮е漶ǿߡ
һײβû˼ĿĶ̿͡ɳǴĸ˾ǰһ֣ӵкڰһ֮ǿɳ֮ǰϣִĸһְˣɳҲǰʮַ
ǰ֮һĨȻôңǾͱˡ

ڰ֮ڣֻںڰһͷпܱİӵȻ
ڰĸ߲㶼ɫһ䣬Ѹٵķۡ
ӵһи߲㶼һ嶼ᱻΪڰһ棬ȫ¾һ
Щڰ߲Ѹٵ˴ڡ
ֻǴ֮ڣȥǰȴһװֱǴֻ֮дĸܹŵı֮ϡ
һĻЩڰ߲ɫȻһ䣬пһ£ӿһ˿ԤС
ڰŮ˿֮£öıƲϡͬһ֮ϣͬһ֮Ҳıϡ
һɳȵĸüͷһ壬ǰһָǰȴˣǴĸܹıԽˣ
ǰȵһЦɳѾܹ£ӽҾµĴĸˡˣݼµĴĸ
֮ڵĺڰ߲һ֪Ǻá
ɳȵĸɫ䣬ָɳȴĸڣôܳΪµĴĸ棡ǰȣֻü򣬵ɳȴĸһ뻯׿Թ³
뻯׿Թڸֶ֮ʧܵĺڰ鱻ֲ˵طĥƶɵĹеĺڰ鶼ʮֺԼĹһ궼޷ϢҲ޷˿Ů
ǰ΢΢һЦһΣֱӳɳȵĸǰһ㽫սȶʿɳĸֱնأѪһء
ɳĸΪǿն֮ȻûǷޱȵĲҽС
ǰһ̤ɳȵĸԴ֮ϣײޱȵĽɳĸԴȱȻ΢ЦΧĺڰ߲ʵ˭ҪҵĴĸ֮λ
ĸ
Щڰ߲ʹ湧
ǰȼȻѾЩڰ߲ٻˣضѾ·Щڰ߲ҲǾıƣôװɳȵĸҲʵʵͷתʲô⣬Ǿû֪ˡ
ǰ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ܺã֪Ǵ󲿷жңûйϵǿɳȴĸʲôӵģ
ϣǰתʥȪصķȥ
Щڰ߲һۣҲǰʥȪصķȥ
䣡
һ죬ʥȪ֮⣬ǿĴֱӱ÷顣
ǰֱһʥȪ֮ڣǽʥȪ֮ڵɳȣ΢΢һЦɳȽ㣬ˣ
ɳȼޱȵתǰȣһɬ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ǰĺڰ߲ҲǽʥȪ֮ڣʧȥ˫ȣͷȻ绨ȴǳ˸ɳȡ
ǰȴĸ꣡
ǰȴĸ꣡

ɳǸ״ǰĺڰ߲ת̬ȣǰȡ
һɳȵĸʮ޳ܵĹǰȵǰĸܷ๴ͽͽ񼫣һһ߾ĵ׸


167 ٳ
ĸԸ԰ͽ뻯׿ܾʹ
ĸƳԹİһʮֺ

ЩɳȵĸһȿֺǰģܵתӪ
ڰ涷ʧ³ʮҡתӪٶҲʮֿ졣
Ǻڰ̫ªˣǵǸ߹ʥࡢҳϵĸߵȾ鰡
ǰȿɳȵĸȿֺģûиˣ¶һ˿ıˡ
ڰǴӸߵȾ֮б˿ջľ顣ǵҲǸ߹ʥࡢҳǿĸߵȾһ塣ߵȾ䣬ɳȵһɾԻĻֱȫս
ЩɳȵĸȴڷѾ˼ҪʩչаֶΣĥԼԭˡֶǰж΢΢Щһ֮⡣
ɳɫ԰ף߾ȫƽǰȣӮˣֻһ£ɱңһʹ졣Ϊһ˽˲ƲλúһЩ伮λø㡣
һɳȵǰĸֱһĭɵɳȵϣ񶾵ޣˣֻȥЩͼ޽䣬ȻΪǺڰһ嵮¸ǿս
һɳȵǰĸҲǰĵĸѨħˡа۱ħпˡĴǿ߶ʮָȤȥĴǿߺ䣬ȡǵ֧֡
ǰЩɳǰĸ޳ܵĻɫԽԽ֮Ҳûһ˿Ц⡣
Ȼ֮һڰһ̵ˣˣ֮ǵĻеѾɱǲʮĵطˣ
ʲôôܣôô죿
ܣôô죿
ôܣѵǲԲҲϢһֱ𣿺أǺô죿

Щڰһж¶һ˿֮ɫ۷׷ף˫۶Ų֮ɫ
ǰûκλң䵭ҷӡ
һڰȡһħѸٵĽɳ
ħһرһǽħסǴʿǿҲᱻӡе޷ѡ
ȻֽħҲʮڰһҲֻʮߣֻΣǿķϡ
ɳ֮ǰȱֱźڰȥ
ڰҳһţڰսʿѸٵԼĸλ֮ϣս׼
ڰǺڰһڵǿҪҲ̵ıݡڰ֮ڣڰߴһʮ֮ޣĺڰҲһҡ
ÿһĺڰ鶼һǿսʿرڵֺڰֵĵطʵþ޴ļӳɡڰǶڻ˴սͬһҪκҪݺڰǣҪʹĴۡ
ǺڰǣҪ빥Щ鷳أ
ӴĻеŻ֮У濴ǺڰǣһĨ֮ɫ
ǺڰǳǽߴһʮףǳǽΧ˴׳ޱȵĸָľ޴١
ǳǽ֮ϣŸֵָֹĳֲһʮֲǵĸо
Ǻڰǵ룬һ޴޴ɢһʥޱȵĲڰǡ
ĶںڰǵļءԴӵڰʿʳػʳ֮󣬺ڰŮ˿ָ֮£޽ڰǡ
δ½ʿҲԵԶʧܶաʮڰ֮£ʬǶѻɽ
ʿսܵԭǺڰ˿Ůھڰ˵һս棬ڰ˿Ů֮ͷų˿ֲ⣬ֹշСǿǽߵս־ֵжԷǿʡ
˿Ůǿ֮£ڰǱ˿ֲսһٽһһٶԶȫߡ
ǵ֮УΣأԶʤҲͰˡһսܣҪӵӻص磬ҲֻЩʿܹ쵽ˣ˵ħ桢ĿС
Դһս֮ҲûзģĵԶѡ˽һݵ㡣
Ϊں֮Ǳú˵һٽڰһ幩ֱըֽڰĸɳըˣԲֱ룬ڰǡ
һԪ˱Уϵ߳һܼսˣĻеһɶʮֱһ
һ8սˣѾЩ굽ѹθԴȫɵšһһ8սȫĻеŽ֮ٵѪһôھΪе֮£Լֲ̫ãֻܹһ·˵ϴϴȥֱ˵սƽΪֹ
λʿλ棬ʶ㣬ӵ֪ʶλ֪ʶķ˵սһ㣬һǸ㱻ʿǷ֣ƽ˵ҲֻѶȰˡ
ЩΪս8ͻеǵǸΪǿĸƵ𵴵
ڰǿɲħҪСħҪûʿ޷ӳֲսʮȫƽռħҪʲôʧڰǣ沢ûʮİսݡ
Ǹ֮ǻеŵʮԪ˧֮һڰţͶǸ֮ǣǿԸһ·֮ͳͳҪΪǸ֮ǵūóѣ
Ǻڰ鹩ѾǸ֮ǵĴĸɳҲǸ֮ըˡǵѣħһҲǣǿһ˭
һӣʯ˲ɵ϶ս֮߳췢һХʯ˲ɵ϶ħǰ֮ǣַǺڰһ壡
ʯ˲ɵ϶
ǲɵ϶µĵɽ
ѵħһ屳ǵ𣿡

ʯ˲ɵ϶кڰɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
ڵ֮УԵʵۣħһҪԶԶǿںڰ顣ڰŷ˿ŮӵŮ֧֣ʵʵս֮Сڰѹħһһͷ
ڰĴĸɳڽ˿Ů֮ʵ޽ӽǿʿսƵĵһǿߡڰһѹ˵壬õ˵ĻȨ
ħһʵǿޱȣơһħһ嵹֮ǣƽ롣


168 ǿڰ
ǰг˾ɣ֮ӿһĨҡħһ嵹֮ǣôܣ
ڻ𸲸ǣ
ܻеڱڿڣǺڰǷһָԵڻ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ضɽҡ
ڻ˺ڰǳǽ֮ϣһڻͽǧڰըըˣǺڰ֮зҽ֮
ÿµķڣ
Ǻڰǳǽ֮ϣеĺڰһ¶˳ǽڻ֮£г˿־塣
ڰǣȻһѿеӲͷ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫղſʮϸЩеڱڻǷΧԭӦֱʮףǺڰ֮һ֣ӲĽڻΧѹƵҡ
еڱһͬ䣬ڵȫԽһСɽͷȥһ㡣ڵǺڰ֮ϣȴֻǺڰ֮Ϻ̵ĺۼ޷ǺڰǷֺ
еڱθڻڻЧȴԽԽá
ǳǽ֮ϣеĺڰ鶼ǶǺڰ֮һر棬˿ûܵڻӰ졣
ڰѾ˿Ůڵϣޱȵš
Ӵ־֮û˿Ů֮ڣȻͨͷųǿ󾫴εػźڰǡ
Ǻڰǧ˿Ůļӳ֣ѾʼԽףӵ˿ֲܡǾǺڰһĵ̣ҲǺڰһıǮ
飬ӻ
ӵӻǿࡣΪˣλ֮У嶼ӵŷ飬ЩҲӻkػ壬໥档
ʿ磬ڵһʿʳ֮ǰҲǹͳε磬е嶼ŷܵͳΡ
һʿʳʱ֮֮󣬴ʿͳĹһһնɱӡ̳ſ˵һλԻޱȵĵһʿʳ
ӵһʿʳ֮ʿϵķչ׳ӵ˳ԽĴλ棬Ӷλ֪ʶС
ʿλֳ֮սУħŶħħˡǿĵˡǿĵ˾λ
ڰʿʳڽһӵǿػλ֮ʱһλǿսܾˣϻʳ֮ڷңű
Ϊǿ˿ŮȻ޳ܣڰɱŰɱΪ֡ЩڰȻŷǧ꣬κε
ǿС
װֱϣ
ۼڻЧüͷ΢΢һ壬
ʮӥװֱȻ𣬷ɵҵĸ߿֮УźڰǷȥ
Ŀ˶ʮӥװֱ֮ϣһӥװֱԷɽڰ֮ڣͿֱӲÿͶսʮͻеֱӿͶڰ֮ڡ
ǶʮӥװֱڷɵڰԶĵط֮ʱȻһΣȻڲϵתȴûйγһ쫷硣һֱ֮Ӵ֮˲׹䵽˴֮ϣһʮŻըѿ
һĨأշ󣬹Ȼ
Ǻڰûнշͱʿǹˡʿ֮пɲзһвʿŴķгǿԷУһ뿪ڰǾֱӱɱˡ
ǿɣתֱ
湱ħҪ֮󣬼ͣ㣬ҹ̵ֱڰǣΪںڰһ廹ûüټ֮ǰǹݡ
һڰ齫еǿټôǵĹѶȽʮֹ
ʮͻе۹âһһǰ棬ɲ֮䣬ͬһ㣬Ϊ֮𶯡
ǰҹ󳵣ţ
Ǻڰһ֮Уâһپ߰ҹһͬ䣬ٵҹ˲ûͻеȺ֮С
ٵҹǺڰħʦָ֮£ÿһʮͻеնأһ֮£ǧͻе㱻ֱնأ˳·ϡ
ǳʮеͬһһµһƬʮ֮һĻеնءڰһ帶Ĵۣһ˰ٿߵħʯ൱һǧµħʯ
ڻ𸲸ǣ
Ҳʲôɻ飬´
ٴκźڰİҹطڻ
Ť
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ǰҹ֮Уһڰħʦ׷ʩչħЩڵڻ
ںڰ֮⣬Щڰħʦͱڻ˺ɷ顣Ǻڰ֮ڣڻܵ˼ǵ˼ǿһһ֮£ڵĺӲıЩڰħʦס˴󲿷ֻ֡жʮҵİҹ󳵱ڻɷ顣
ǧͻеնأĿ΢΢һһ֣һͻе˳Ķ֮С
ͬʱǧ̻ѸٵǧͻеĲк֮УͻеĲкѸٵĻգźȥ
ҹİҹзޱȣʿֵס̫񣬶ͻеƻֻҪԼ޸ܹٴͶս
Ȼ֮䣬һشʮ֡ٶֵľʯǺڰ֮ͶЩͻеȥ
ЩʯӰ׵ĸ߿׹䣬һЩͻеϣֱӽЩͻе֮ϵķ飬ͬʱЩͻеҵķѣ·ɽ
Щʯĺը֮£İټͻеҵ÷飬ը
һĻƤ΢΢һ顣
Щʯҵ÷ĻеǵĲкҲҪͻص¯֮󣬲ſԱҲ˵һս֮ǰ޷ǡ
ʮͻеһڰǵǺ֮ǰһͣסˡ
ںڰ֮ǰǺ棬Һڣϵðһݣɢһ˿˿
ЩͻеһǺӣദͳ˻ʴ
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󲿷ֵļʸͻеķֵסȻǧֻʸᴩЩͻеķ֣ǵڡ
ǧֻʸ֮Уٶֻʸֱըѿټͻеըɷ顣
ڰ֮Уǿƣٹֵļ䴩ʿķļӳ֮£Ǿͱøǿ


169 
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Щڰ鹭һðͷ׼ʮеǹ׷׿˹ڵЩڰȥ
һ˲䣬Ǻڰǳǽ֮ϣгһǧڰ鱻ǻеǹֱӴ򱬡
ǰȼһĻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ںڰ֮ӵдļ˾Щ˾ܹ֮ʩչָߵ˿ڡǱЩ˹ڵ֮ЩڰǻϾͷСʩչߵѽκá
ǻеǹǵĻȫǽ֮ϵĺڰѹס
ǹ̻Ѹٵڶ֮ϣһĸš
ЩһеڱڿڣǺڰ֮ŵĸ־޴ٺը
ǻеǹҲʹø˹Ǿ޴Ĺٷ
һǺڰ֮ϵľ޴Ƿ֮£һıϣǻǺ棬ȵֱڻ
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ƬƬĻЩ֮ڶյЩٷޱȵĲҽУȻһſŵıֱ

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һˮϵʩչЩϯȥѹסЩ档
ɢ
վߵĵ·һӣһǿޱȵɢ˲䱬ڰħʦʩչķͳͳɢ
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Ǻڰ֮ڣħʦߴˡЩħʦǷֲڲͬս֮ϣҴ󲿷ֻҪֿڻǳǽľħʦ޷ѹƵ·ʿ
ڵ·ŵɢͰȼյĺը֮£ǿޱȵľ޴ͳͳճ˻ҽ
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ĴʿǵĴУʲôս֮жһĴڡ
Ǳѵĳٱմ֮ͻеѸٵͨţ˺ڰ·еֱۣͬ֩һ˳ǽ֮ϣǰųǽ֮ȥ
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ڳǽ֮ϣЩڰǿЩͬ֩һųǽ֮ĻеͷƤ飬бޱȡĹǷʽǻǵһο
ڹȥʿҪ˿Ů֮µĺڰǣҲͶʯݵȹǱùǱһ
ЩڰǾܹƾߴ׵ĳǽЩǵĵ˾޴ɱˡ
ЩͻеȻֱ˳ǽһĻֱš
ٺڰֻܹð乭·ͻеȥ
ļʸͻеϣͻеֱ䴩
ЩڰǿǸոһðͷǻеǹһǵϡɰǧòޱȵĺڰֱӱ򱬣ʬӳǽ֮ϵ档
֮δľս֮У治ϧֻǿķʽڰǣҪʱ᲻ϧúڰǡ
һսʤһսܣδ½֮ء
ǰɽˣ
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ڰһ壬ǧҲ˿Ůָͷɽˡ
һڰŮЦĸûом̳ʽΰ˿Ůϣûл˿ŮԼڰȨȣ޷ʹɽˣһǻѣǽǵĵˣ
ǰȶʱһ±ʮѿȨλʱʵ̡̫ڰһĸ߲ѡ񳼷ԭںڰĸûнСǺƽʱڣֻҪ˿Ůма׼Ϳ˿Ůָ֮£ƿڰһȨոңʹɱ޷̳Ӧڴĸ
ʱһܼͻеڻеǹڱڻ֮£˳ǽһϳǽͬһƶһ˺ڰӪ֮С
Ѫɽһܼͻеͬͽһ㣬֮նɱŹΧ֮ڵĺڰ顣
ͻе˲Ǻڰ֮˺һӣԴԴϵųڳȥ
ƣһսʿĺڰ֣һХ乭һ䣬һʸͬһᴩһͻеķȻըѿͻеը÷顣
ڰֻûüһʮͻе
ǽһͷںڰǰ뻯׿Ҳֱ˹ȥͻеȥ
ͻеһ±һ֣ס뻯׿Ĺ֮󣬻ӶеĸƵ𵴵׾ٵĽ뻯׿ն顣
Щ뻯׿ҲվǿսܣͻеһĿֲǰֱһ
飬ʮͻеһ³嵽ڰǰ
ڰɫ䣬һΣźȥ
Ǻڰһӣ㱩¶Ĵڰսʿ
ЩͻеһЩĺڰսʿ棬Ĵɱ䣬̶ʮʱ䣬Ĵ۽һٶڰսʿͳͳɱøɾ
Щͻеһǽ֮ڣͬݿһ㣬ɱЩڰսʿ
ЩڰսʿȻ˿ӳ֮£սսɲֹǶͻеȻ޵ֿ֮
ֻЩսǿӵлɱʿĺڰȻڲϵֿɱһܼͻе
뻯׿ȸаսӺڰ֮ԴԴϵӿ䵱ڻЩͻеӭȥȻЩͻеֱն顣
ˣҼսɣʯ˲ɵ϶ؽеѪսѪڡ
΢΢ҡͷڻʱȥ̫Σˡ
Ǻڰ棬ӵгһپ߰ҹ󳵡ǰҹ󳵿ӵвʿǿߵĿֲ
ʯ˲ɵ϶һǺڰ棬ͻбɱĿܡӵо޴Ȼ˿ֲȴҲγһ޴İӣױҹսС
ʯ˲ɵ϶ĺôװںڰĵطͿˡǰλȥսأ
ʯ˲ɵ϶Щֹһ䣬ȻʵʵЩ죬ѾעڵҺ̬˸ӡ̵Ľѵһ񱩵ʯҲʵ
ǰȡһīף·ĵĴ漶սҹ֮ǡһ֣ǰɷһɰ֮ɢ
ǰֲϲһɫļʸ̺ǿ˲׾ٵĴ̴һܼͻеȻըѿһܼͻеըķѡ
̶һӣгһټͻеֱըѣǰȵС
ǰһ֮ڸɵһټͻеȴнһǧܻеǺڰǵĳǽ֮һɱ֮ľ֮С
ǰһҧʩչطǧ꣬кҹ֮ǣһһɫļʸȻһΪǧЩͻеȥ
ǧǺڰ֮деǿ֮һҲǺڰϵһ鹭Ůµļһ֮ڣһǧˣǣ̫ɢǿĵ˲á
һǧɫļʸһЩͻеķ֮һֱ֮ӱ
ǰ̲סɶЩܵķʵ̫ǿˣ
ǰȽǴսҹ֮ǧɱһʿȴ޷ᴩЩͻеķ֣Щ
ʱǱڻѹòҳͷİҹٴηһҹȻЩͻеնء
ǧͻеһ˲ֱӱնϡ
ͻеȻԴԴϵźڰ֮ӿ
Ǻڰȫĵֿ֮£Ѿгͻеݻ٣ҲѾͻеڰ֮ڣ֮ɱ䣬֮ѪɺӡǺڰ֮еǿƴֿҲֻܹڽڰˡ
һڰ߲̲סǰʵĸڸô죿
ĺڰ߲ǵĿⶼǰεĴĸϣһ𰸡
ǰ赭дô죿Ȼ򲻹Ǿͽ˰ɣǺڰҲûͶ࣡
ǰȴһǺڰ߲֮Ȼ󲨡
Ϲʿڰ˿Ϲʿը̣ԹԵĶԼ棬ҳ±ϹʿץסɳůŮūδ½ĺڰҲϹʿȦĳ


170 ݺڰ
ϹʿĻԻѾȥڰŮ˿ıӻָ֮£ѾΪ˵İ֧ߣޱȣΪԼǱ໹Ҫߵȵ֡ǰȾȻͶһ࣬˵ֱܴ衣
Ǻڰ߲ȻϸĿһս˼ãնͶ档
Ů˿֮£ڰڲսݡȻƵЩڰԽԽkŮṩ˸ϵ֮ͬҲ˺ڰӲӣͶǼҳ㷹
Ů˿ҲֹڰͶڰ໥ϣսһ̵ĻڰΪսˡ
ٺڰ߲㻹΢΢һǿɲȥЩƴɱΪ߲ǿʮϧԼСɲԸԼȥЩܽн
ǰȻһȦֱͶˣֹͣɱǵ񣡡
Щɲô򵥾ͶˣɽأԹأΧĹأ
Ķǧڰʿһսļ¼֪ڰٻӵơѾ˱ݻʮϵս˵׼ڽֻս˱ݻ٣ڰѡͶЩɲ
ֿ˫ָ߾٣Ͷɱ
һЩͻеǵ֮б㴫Ȱ֮
Щڰսʿԭֻͷŵӳ֮£ʿǱǿ˾ͻеսǰȵͶһб䣬ʿ͵˼㣬׷׶е˫ָ߾٣ѡͶ
Щڰ߲Ҳ׷׳Ȱڰǣ˴ţƾͻеųֱ롣
еĺڰͶ֮Щڰ߲ҲǰȵĴ֮£ǰ档
ǰֱ棬Ԫ˧ǺڰĴĸǰȣǺڰһѾѡ񳼷ϣܹȥūݡ
濴һǰĺڰ߲ǡֻЩڰ߲Ȼһڣȴһİ͹£Ըлòɧ֮
Щڰ߲һĿǵϣһ¶һ˿˿ЦɦŪˣ治ﲨ
ǰޱȣϴһӢʣǺڰ߲һָĸо
治ɫڰһĴĸɳ𣿡
ǰȲɳǹȥĴĸҲǺڰһڵĴĸ
ǰǴʿǿߣûбӡϳ棬ҲŴǰѡ
浭ɳȻ𣿡
ǰԥһµţ
浭ҡȻҪǺڰһһͬħǣħ֮ҾͻǷ֮ϳǺڰһūݡҵ£Ҳ˶Ǻڰ顣۶໹Ǻڰ飬ֻҪΥƶķɣҵĻһͬʡ
ǰ΢΢һϵãԪ˧
棿
ܣ泤òģ

Щڰĸ߲һɫʧ
֮ǵѾ˺ڰӡǻ˾޴ռ֮ҪӰȻ֪ӡ
΢΢һȴɫ˵ʲôɲԪ˧
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κǻ嶼ӵܷ꣬ûζֻǷ֮ǳҵŮɫҪɳȵֻп㣬֮ΨһѪ档ҲֻпӵǸȨƶ֮ǵķɡǰ侲ޱȵķ
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ʯ˲ɵ϶ǰ̤һֱӷ˷֮кڰ߲·
֮ⷿ⣬սҲóֱָ䡣
·Ҳһ̾һ漶رѩ֮гСȻҲʮǰȵĴϻۣȻѾֻܹ֡
ǰ΢΢һ֮һĨмƾѩŮʿͷʯ˾𣿡
ȻֹǡƾʿºڰĴǿߣһûô档ǣ㻹мɰմѣ
һؿڵĴԪ£һâǴԪ֮Ȼɳ
ħҼħޡɷұħǡ񡢿һͷһͷĿļĻеսһ³Χɢſȴʿ
һʮͷսļĻеս޽ǰȵȺڰһǿΧסɢһɿֲĶǰȡ
ЩļĻеսѹ֮£Щڰ߲ɫ䣬΢΢ǰ֮ҲһĨɵ֮ɫ
ʮͷսļĻеս޼ϵ·Լʯ˲ɵ϶оųɵİսǰΧɱ
ǰҲӿһĨ⣬ԼղŶ졣
ǰֱ浭ôҪɱǣɱ𣿡
Һܲ붯ɱһС
˫ģһ˾һҺ̬ҩ˳
浭ҩֻҪÿϴһ룬ܹ֤ǲᱳҡôҲûбҪɱˡ
ǰ˫絶˵أ
һĨ֮ɫȻʮֿϧҲֻܹｫǸɵȻɳλǺڰһǰδĸӦÿԺܿ콫ڰһС
ǰȳĬһŵҩʲô֢᲻Ӱ˵ǣ
΢Цûк֢ҲӰ˵ǡҶмĺôԸڵʡ
ЩҺ̬˳⣬ҽ͸Լһ룬˴Һ̬ˣڵʣջ۵ʡ
ǰȵãҴӦˣ
ЩǰЩҺ̬ҩһ´ǰȵڡ
ǰǴʿǿߣǿޱȣЩҺ̬һûڣֱӱڵϵͳɱ֮һǲд֮Һ̬ȫںһ
ڰ߲ǰûзͱעҺ̬ҩҲ֪ЧԹԵıעҩ
ǰڵı仯һĨϧ֮ɫĿǰҺ̬˵ļֻǿƴʿǿߣǿʿǿ߾ͿƲˡ


171 
ʵǰȣ
ҹɱǺڰһ֮Ĵܹ̿͡շͻٴһء֮ΪУ͵ʱʱ̵̿һ̿͵İɱ
ĿǰӵһʿʵıһĶ̿ͣǾһľ档
ǰȵһֻӺڰĸҳΪڰĸʱղ࣬ûϵϡ
һĨɫǾˣǰȣȥѡһڰĸ֣һħǣ֮ڣҾҪħֱӹݡ
ڰһ塢ħһڵ綼ӵвֹһСǺڰǡħо֮ҪĳС
һڰǡħǱֱӹݣڵͻӵݵ㣬ش
ħ塢ڰǵĺģǶϳ泭ǵĴֱ֪֮ӵҲǲܵ顣
ħ֮УħһǧռĸֱһħǣܹɻĲƸһôʡħΪݵ㣬ĴħС
ǰ΢΢һ죿ħǾǺڰǿǧ·̣
΢΢һЦûǽ죡벻ǿ϶Ҳ벻
ǻеһ޴ĲͬǾֻҪԴ㣬ǾͿһֱߡսֱֺ𣬻ľǲŻֹͣж
ǰȳһᣬϵã
һսһ·ֳʮפغڰǣʮս˴źڰһĸֱħǵķȥ
ʮפںڰǵս֮Уǧ̻ˡǧ̻ŸֲϣѸٵĿʼںڰֱԼַװãҪڰǽҪ衣
沢úڰǼŷ˿ŮһڰǾͻʧȥ˿Ůϴ񣬱һͨľ޳ǡڰǾĻе֮󣬾ܹһ̬ĿֲҪ
ͳ˧ĴոմӺڰȥԼһСʱ֮󣬴ڣһۿӰϢĴʥȪصķѸƶš
Ǵĸ䶼վһͻееǹеڱһӰϢЩս֮дţϢǱʥȪ棬̱ʥȪɳȡ
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ռһŤһ彿СһԼ䣬ȴõӵһ˫Dֱģپ¾ףһۿȥֻʮŮŤռ֮˳
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Żںڰǣɳȵټŵ֧֣ȫԽǰѹȥǰҵ˼ںڰѾУʵ֪ǰǿٱҪغڰǣֱǳ˵Ρ
ŵֻ̫Ҫȳȥǻлᡣ˿Ůϵƻģ
ɳȻ˷˫ȱըϡƾһʿûӦ֪ʶԾһɳһ˾˿ŮȫĻָϵ˫ȣҲʩչ˫³
ɳ֮ҲȼΪϣҰĵĻã뿪һ죬һûҵһУ
ʮֱǸλžۡС㣬ܸܹ㡣ҽ֮ʮԪ˧֮һʢǸ֮ǡ
ķ˳΢ЦĿš
䣡
һ죬ħҼħޡ񡢿ߵʮļＶĻеս޴˷Χ˹Ķţʮɿȴʿ˲䱬Ƭռ֮м
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ʮͷļﾭĸ֮תΪ˻еսޡÿһͷĻеսԼǵսǰࡣˣʮͷļĻеսΧĴ̿;ȫʢ֮ʱɳȿԽֵƣʮеս޵
ɨһۣһЦ㲻ֻ࣬һܣ˵ͷ¶βģʲôú
Ϊ̿ͣŵԽʿһ۾Ϳ渽һ߻ˡ
΢Ц㻹һ˵ͷ¶βģ촦״̬ء
ǲͬġǴ̿ͣͷ¶βҵְҵҪΪһ죬һߣͷ¶βľԲȡ̫ĳɾ͡һû˵˴ʿʳһʵǲͷ¶βԲԣ棿
浭ұ˴ʿʳĿʵۻǿңһǱȽ֪ģĿǰһʿʵͷ¶βһ㣬粻֪ٴˣ磬ʤΪ߿ܡֻʤڹ̣νţǽǲ
Щյ̾˿û취Ҵ򲻹ôܡҽˣ
һֱȡһֻҺ̬ҩȥվű𶯣Ҵһ룡
֮һĨâֻܹƾҩƱˣԶҲ޷ñġҾҩҲԲ㡣
ҲҪֻҪҵ޷ҡƱ䣬һ
˿ΪֱӽֻҺ̬ҩֱŵֱϣҺעڡ
ڵϵͳһ·ɱʮ֮һҺ̬ˡü΢΢һûж˵ʲôӦע֮󣬾עģԲʲôö
Һ̬עŵ֮һ
ֻǧûǧշĵĴ̿Ͷ˵£ΣյĴڡһλãԾһһΪˣо൱ڶһС
ŵҰɳȽκãֻҪκҾȫȫΪЧɱ˭Ҿɱ˭ǰᡢµЩϹֻҪǸҴԼϳ߳Ҳɱ㿴
ЩڴɱУأ
һʿΪڶδ½֮ѾǸ֣Щʿǿǰһȱٵľһǿıڡ
һᣬ΢΢ҡͷǴ̿ͣǱڡɱУˣҲС
ðɣһɳȽκãҲҪΪЧȡһֻҺ̬ҩһɳڣҩעȥ


172 ռħ
ЩҺ̬һעɳȵڣѸٵɳڵİķϸ
ںѾоԶԶԽ˶δ½ʿǵˮƽЩҺ̬Ҳӵ˷Ч
ɳֻú֮дһ춯ӣһţһһīɢŶĳĻ
ɳ³һڶ֮һ¾嶼泩ࡣ
̫ˡעҩС
üͷ΢΢һ壬ֱȡֻҺֱ̬עɳȵڡ
Һ̬ԭƷʽǴ̼Ǳܣ˱ǿǱܣȡڵĸֲʹء
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ֻҺ̬ҩһûɳȵڣѸٵڵİϸ
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һĸоɳȵ˫ȶ֮ѿ䶯ųһ˫޳ȡ
ļӵжָЧֻһֱɳڵķ޷޸ըϵ֫塣ڷЩҺ̬ȫ֮ɳһļ޸ԼƵ֫塣
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¶һ˿Ц⣺ʶʱ񣬹ֲܹΪڰĸ
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һӣֱӽһֻţɳȣһͬǰħǣħǡţ㰵ػڰǣʲô£ͨѶħ֪ͨҡ
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ڰǲͬħǽֻһǽߴʮ׵ľ޴Уħ֮ڣŸָι״ĳѨ
ħһǵڶʿʳ֮Ϊ壬λǿڵѪ˹ɵĹħӵǿڵѪЩߵħÿһǿȳǿڡħ֮ӵɱĿֲ
Ϊħһǿûŷκ顣ͬʱǲͨûǿ֧֣ǽĳǽټ̣ҲֵǿһһʿȫһܹݻħһǵĳǽȻԸù
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ħ֮ڣһݻ˿κʹĹ֮ڡ
һĸߴӵһͷҫޱȽɫ̷һ£ͬһ㿡һ鼮Ŀš
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һӥĿǣɢžϢӴ󲽽˷֮ڣҲûж࿴ĵŮһۣ£֮ǵԶ˺ڰǣħǽ
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ħһ崫ħ֮档ħ֮ڻλǿѪԣħ֮ǿһħħһҲħһ֮лã֮ͬǿһ塣ħһΨһʮֵ£ħһ֮١
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ħüͷ΢΢һֻʮӣ֮ǵĻеžͻɱħǡÿĽٶȡʱ򣬲ħûκϢħڵִ֡ħ棬ֻʣ𣿡
˹һڴû£ħǣͿˣ
ħüͷȻһչ΢΢һЦȻ뿪ħǣø֮Ǻˡ
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˹һ̾ûĻʺ档㱻ǶħǣҲûʲô˲ġٶˡȻԶԶ硣
ϣ˹ħһѸٵ뿪乬
ħȻȻ̾Ϣ֮ǣ˼ȻܹݺڰǡһټʮʿĴԲ١̫ǿˣʿ
ǿĴڿ֮ʱǿޱȵرѹЩ츳ӵгǿ츳ǿڡʶۣųɾϵ޷ħħǿĴ⡣
ħʵˣûرսɶδ½һˣǳ֮µҲδĶ֡ʹرǳ֮µͿԸܴĴ֮󣬻
ӴĻеһɱħǾͿħһȼŵڻ棬ڶ
Ұ
һħǳŴ󿪣淭ڣһĨ֮ɫһ¾ü
ħһԸ֮һɱϲĳ档
ЩħƻսˣֻҪкܹգĵҲһˡһͻħǾʮֻ㡣
ЩħʮֽƻħֱˣдߵҲͳͳյֱһճǸ棬Щʮͷۡ
ħǵǿ壬ûħǣҲԷɢڵ䣬ħ桢Ģ̦޺ΪڲѪͲѵ⣬ħһҲнİ취
ħ֮⣬ǵħһ彨ĳлʮҪħһĳһĹݣûô򵥡
ýƻħҵҲߣڻ᲻ͬ
ǰһת֪еڶѡǺڰǺڰһķѪɵĳ֮ǣӵ˿Ůӳ֣ǿޱȣи޷֮ȡ
ǰҪڰǣǺڰһԲܴӦҵҲ֮һС


173 ˿ץ
ħһָЦӣЩħұ֪Ҫħһûô򵥣ħǷˣҲòˣħǣΪһѵħһļ⵶ͳͳңҲֻлһ;ֻʱˣ
ôһЦߵĺڰ߲ҲʼͻٺڰŮǿ棬֮¶һ˿˿Ȥ
ǰȿǳŵ棬Щ⣺Ǹ
򵥵ǣȻ𣡡
ӴޱȵĻеֱӿħ֮ڡ
Щڰħʦڵ·ŵĴ֮£ʼħ֮Ĵ
ˮЩ֮ϣЩ׷׽ɢ󽹳ĺ̡
ħվħһĽ濴̤벽ħǵĻегһǾǸ֮ǵĻе𣿸֮ǰҿĲͬЩӦòǸ֮ǿĻеšʿĻеֻ˶ĿĶ
ں֮һս֮ǰ֮ǺųӵʮʿĻеܡһκδ
֮һս֮Ŀⶼ˸֮ϡ
Ÿ֮ǿսһγͻ˺ڰһ壬ռ˺ڰǡħӣΣգԲ̽
ǸΩΩФֻܾеŵָӹ١ô˵ֻӴĻеָӹ٣棬ҵ֮ǵĳҵ˵һ굽ͷоҲֻƫִ񣬲ܹһʿݣƳ˶ǿĻеܡô˵ֻеŵָӹӦþǸ֮ǳҵΨһѪ档
ħһԾĲ鿴ô鱨ȷĽۡ
ӴޱȵĻеһħǣʮ򹤳̻˱㿪ʼħľҪĸ졣
ħħЩǻ˵ĸ֮УҪҲһʮһħǱֱҪ֮󣬱һ޴ҪħǽͬһѼ⵶һħһλá
ȫħΪݵ㣬¹ɨħһ壬ѹħһռ䣬սħһȫɵ
Ǿޱ԰棬һʵо·ģ͵˿֮кȻһĨ֮ɫȻһ鶯˫ʱһʧȥɣͬʬһĬȻȥ
ΪĽ֮һ˿Ǿޱ԰λߣһ·֮׾ٵĴһһĹؿߵǾޱ԰֮⡣
˿һǾޱ԰֮⣬һӣһħ̺ȻɳһԾħ̺֮ϡ
˿ʦôˣ˲Ǿޱ԰ʮΣգ˵ĵˣ
ǲϴһȦͯվ飬Ըе˹һĴʵ
ȤҼǵӦĳôһ߰ɣ˿ĿкȻ˵һ˵
˿һ㣬һâҫһ֮Ȼγɣϯȥ
һޱȵĹâӿ˲ɢһ֮
㲻˿ʦ㵽˭ٵ֮һĨ־壬һһתѸٵǾޱ԰ȥ
Ǿޱ԰ӵпȵʿǿߣǾޱ԰Ǿ޵еĴڣǿʿˣҲҪѹ
˭ǰµ棬ǳ֮µ棡ϾȻӵرСӻ۰ֻġҲˣһ߰ɣ
˿³һźʹԵһ±һɿȴʿһץ
һֻεĴȻ֣һץٵϡ
һųһĹâÿһǿޱȣȻ޷ֻδֿ⡣һâ׷飬޷סµһµһץУħ̺֮ϡ
һ󾯱֮Ǿޱ԰֮һǿޱȵľ񲨶ϯ
Ǿޱ԰֮У˿ȱ겨ǰµ棡µ棬ôĵӣȻǾޱ԰ˣҪǾޱ԰밲ʿѧԺ֮ս𣿡
µ΢΢һЦǾޱ԰Ѿ֮շΪ˸֮ǵŮūѾǲСȣתǵҵǰʿѧԺлҾڻΨһѪ۰Ůˡ
һĨ⣬µ棬˿Ů㾹ȻҪ
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µЦħ̺һ⣬Զȥ
ȾվǾޱ԰֮һ
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Ǿޱ԰Ǿޱ񾵵ǿʿǿҲѹһ߳Ǿޱ԰ôпܻᱻ˻ܡ
ǳ֮µ桢Űᡢ֮צ˹֮ѷ˾ǰʿѧԺ֮֮Ұ֮צ֮ʿŵ죬ҲǶδ½ǿǿߣÿжһһϵİ
ʮֳɫϲǿ֮κһˣҲûоԵİܹʤκһˡһϵǿΧȶаĿܡˣǿҲ뿪Ǿޱ԰
Ƶߵٺ˿ץˡȽ㣬ڸô죿
ȳĬһᣬЩĵߵ档
һߣ١˿ȻƤ±˶ߣ˵ֱܴ衣ǻƽʱͶ԰ʿѧԺˡǾޱ԰ѾվʿŵĶ棬Ⱦ㷢쭣Ҳûκô
Ƶ΢΢һЦҲû뿨磬ȡһͨѶħУߵԭԭĸԶ档
磬ħ֮ڡ
ƵǵĻ㱨֮һ࣬һһ֮ϣֱӽĵķѣµһ̫ˣ
һֱ˿µ涯ֽţһֱûиĻɹȻ档
µԼжֱ֮ǵԶ֮һٷ˿ֱ°ߡ
ĻеŶٱڰ֮£Ȼֱ˻ص硣ô֮ǾͻлΣûˣʿųû侮ʯвǸ֮㸲ľ档


174 Ȼ
г˺£ȹ˺ڰǣҪȻ鷳ˣ
ڽڰǵʱѾ׼֮޷ݺڰǣͻǲ̻ڵ㽨һҪĴɼԴ޽µıսôˣھͻѵѡ
ĬĬļţڰǡħǣÿбʮսػܹ̩ɽҲ˵ܹõսˣֻʣ°ʮ򡣡
·źȻʵ˿٣Ȳǣ
˿һʿҲɣ͸һֻǾһԻ沿ɫȥԼʲôʲô˿Ӱ졣
˿һһʿҲһֻĵλŮ˿ҵƵǡȡɯ˵òʱ˿ʤһڰĸɳȸǻò޹Ⱥ
ڵĴȵķӦħΪݵ㣬ĴɨķɸĿƳǿĻеܡȻ㹻ȻһٴӵɱֻҪʮۣδ½ûĶ֡·ƽƽ
·ŵÿһ仰Ŀϡȷʵ·˵ֻҪڵ緢չʮ꣬õԴһ֧һǧս˾ţδ½ûĶ֡
ǰʿѧԺʮ֮ҲĽֱƽƹȥڶϰʿѧԺ沢ûʮİա
ǰԼڰĸ߲һĿ⼯ϵȴľ
һЦ˫âʲôѡģȻȣ϶ҪȣΪʲôȻΪҵŮˣֻҲĳ˭˭͵
·΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ã˵úãһˡ˵Ҫ˿٣һƲ㡣
·ҲŮˣһ˾Ϊ˳ɾʹ£ӵˡȻֳûһֱЩһ̣ȴȫ泩Ҳ˳ࡣ
ǰ֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һЦ˵úãԼŮˣһˣһһ֮
ɳǡô¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫͬʱɫǰڵķһۣˣţɳȶΪ㵹أ
浱ϵħǣص磡
Ǿʮս˺ܿħ֮Ŵ󲽣ŵڵķѸٵȥ
¡֮ط·һѣǾʮսͬһһŵӿȥһƵħǡ
ħͬˮһȥľʮսһͷˮоɲôôͳˣ֮ǵʲô
Ǿʮս˵ٶȱİٹÿСʱٶȽƶÿĸСʱͱͣ£ԴˮϢӽȴ
ʮСʱ֮ǾʮսڴӵзӶ
ǵĳڴİһԪ˱ЩսʮѸٵĽ˴Ԫ˱֮ڡ
һԪ˱ֱӿ׹档
׹ֱӷ𣬾ֱʥֳǵķȥ
Ǹ֮ǵбȫŸָսˣǰ͹ȥ
80ԭ¯4λҲ֮£׷˴Ԫ˱ʥֳǵķ򼲳۶ȥ
֮ǵļÿһսǱѹե˳һ׹ϧķѴԴֱǾޱ۹ֿȥʯͻ
ͨʿѧԺϣʿס
һֻԸ֮ǵĳӱǹؿ֮⡣
һһսʿȵĪӾأﲻӭǣıߣ
ȥͽ
Щ

ЩսʿĿһ³Իƿڴֱ乭һ䣬ʸֱ˳֮УһһԪ˱װ֮ϣȻ󱻵ɿ
˽˹Ϊˣжʼ
һԪ˱֮Уһӿһ4λеЩλеһΣǸؿսʿȥ
һҽ֮Ǹؿһ±ȾѪɫ
أĪٺ죬ЩĪٺɳʿĪٺǸ֮Ǳе⣬ʼ
һӶӻееǹеڱĻϲֱӴһԪ˱֮Ѹ뿪ƫһԵһǱȥ
󲿶ӵĴԪ˱ȻŰʿѧԺƶ
䣡䣡䣡
һ޴֮ĪٺĳǱֱӱըɷ顣
ееǹ˳ƳĪٺ棬ҽ֮𲻾ãȻͣЪ
һܼܹ̻˽ĪٺĳǱ棬þͽͳͳһԪ˱档
ͨʿѧԺĵ·֮ϣССʼհʿѧԺŸ֮Ǵƽ
ЩССȫЩ4еͳͳеĲƲͽԱ°һա
֮Ǵ֮ңССֱӰγ˸֮ǵƿ֮Сÿһ֮Ƕ¼4ά򡣶Щطչεĸֽȫ켸ٸ4ˡ
ǼɵʿѧԺԼĻеһ·ƹȥڰʿѧԺһƽƿ֮СڼȻѾ˺ƤҲҲûκι˼ɣʼʴŰʿѧԺ
ʥֳ⡣
ӴĻе೬ʥֳΧס
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Ϊ봥ŭʿѧԺûиҽսƵʥֳ¡
µ棬棬ҹ㲻Ҫˣվǻеŵ
ǿŴʥֳ֮лص
棬ҪҵɲδɵСӡ
һǿޱȵѹӰʿѧԺϯ˴֮ϣһտ˵һ㣬һƬ𵴣ȫĻѹȥ
ٺһЦһĨâûռ㡣ˣҴǸ֮ǵĻеˣ˿ٻңˡ򣬽ǰʿѧԺӶδ½ʧӣ
µ浭ҰʿѧԺδ½꣬еĵ˶Ѿˡҵ뿴ʲô£ǰʿѧԺǸ£ҾͰǻ㣡


175 ʥֳǣһ
һתͷǰʿѧԺȻųƶδ½֮һɸҴʥֳǸ֮ǾսңôǰʿѧԺҲ˵һȺǰķˡʥֳǿɲǰʿѧԺģ
ʥֳϹʿʿѧԺĵһʿռݣҽ˰ʿѧԺ
µƽ޲ûõģҾб͹ʥֳǣȻὫ˿ٻ㡣޷ʥֳǣҾǰǡ
һĿޣͨʵĵ·Ųͬµһ̤ŵʬ˰ʿѧԺԺıϹЧ
ڰµЩʿȻľЩΪȻȴȻҷ
ʿѧԺһӵʿʿں֮ǺʿѧԺֻʣ°µһʿһΪʿѧԺԺµ漸һ죬˰ʿѧԺеһʿٸû⡣
Ե侲ԵǰʿѧԺԺǳ֮µ档
ˣȻˣʿѧԺжôǿӦ֪ġΪңˡĿ֮Уһͼū˿վڰµߣΣ¶һ˿˿ж
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䣡䣡䣡䣡
ںܻеڱԼлڡڡڵȸڻ𣬷ʥֵĳǽ֮Ϻȥ
ʥֳǵĳǽ֮ϣߵʿâҫһǿޱȵķ˳ǽ֮ϡ
Ǹڵڻըǳǽ֮ϣʥֳǳǽĸһֳֻǱǿΧںը΢΢ݣȻǷ֮£׾ٵĻָԭ
Ǹָںըųǽųڲϵ죬ը֧顣
ǧʥֳǵսʿڻ֮бըըˡ
һƵըҲֱŰʿѧԺԺķȥ
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ʿѧԺǶδ½֮һֲĴڣɲ˿֡
һɫĹâӰʿѧԺԺʿ֮ЩƵը֮ϡ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ЩƵը·صһ㣬׷ױը
ǰʿѧԺԺ֮Уһ߲ߵʿȻ𣬷·һ㡣һԺĴܹȻתȡӴħܣעһʿ֮ڡ
ʿѧԺԺһʿȻһӴޱȵ˲ʥֳ֮
ԭһȥԸǰ򳡵ڻһ˵ֱңһС˼ʮ
ԭ춯޿ɵֵڻһ±˿ܵĳ̶ȡ
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ϹʿǽΪ֧㣬Ѱλ棬ҽλ֮·ֳūλ档ǲϹλĹ֮УЩϹʿǻ֪ʶųܹģһصҲͨģ⣬ͬЧ
ʿʿѧԺܹڻȻģЧڵڻ
üͷ΢΢һ壺Ѳһڻû̫Чˣ
ŵĸڲϿըըʥֳ֮ϣȴûκЧֻǰװ˷͵ҩ
ҲûЧȥͻΪһƴĵľ档Ǳдܹڣӵдĺ˵վȥʤҲδ֪֮
ʿѧԺ˴ܹŽڻ˼ޡͬʱҪǴܹҪʿǵľ
ȥͻγһƴĵľ棬淴
Ҫ֪ڸ֮ǿ½ԵСһγ־棬Ĵʿųû͵Ϯϳеͳͳݻֻ֮аһ;õ³Ҳӵ磬Ӳд
밲ʿѧԺһսȫǾ´Ƶһսһʤ֮ǽưԶδ½һҶ̵һսܣֻܹͬɥȮһ㱻Ĵϣ֮ء
һᣬһ֣ʮӥװֱʱնѸٵʥֳڵķȥ
ʮӥװֱոտʥֳ׵ķΧ֮ڣһʸʥֳڵľʿ֮ʮӥװֱ֮ϡ
ʮӥװֱ׷ױըʮŻ򣬴֮׹䡣
ɣޱ飬˻֣
һ8ͻеʮ4սͬˮһʥֳڵķȥ
ʥֳǳǽ֮Ͼʿâһ֮лԪطڹһ޴ޱȵϵħ
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·֮кһһָʩչɢ
֮ӴޱȵĻԪرڵ·ŵɢ֮£ʧ
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ʥֳǰһ䶯÷һ׵޵
Ǹսһ޵֮Զ
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ɢ

Ӻڰ֮չζĺڰ鷨ʦǷ׷׳֣׵޵ֱɢ
ڰ飡Ǻڰķʦţ
ڰ飬Щڰ龹Ȼһ棬ֱ񼫣
찡Ȼڰǹһͽ

ʿѧԺ֮ڣЩͨ鿴ս֮һеʿǿߵĺڰ鷨ʦ֮һ־ŭţ̬¶
ʿѧԺȼʿݸ֮年ᡣڿڰ鹴һǶʱ־ŭг˿־塣


176 ʥֳǣ
һֱ侲ޱȣ·ʲô¶ѹİµɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨȻڰ龹Ȼվһߣѵ˵ڰѾ𣿲ԣڰǱݣҲԲôշڰһ塣ôһ£ѵ֮֮ǰڰһ年᣿
޵ʧ֮еս˽ԼӵŪ˳ʥֳǳȥ
ʥֳһĸߵ֮ϣһӣһŷڵڿ˳
ʥֳǵķʮףµķģʹ˴ħɣÿһŷڵ۶5000ħʯϡ
ÿһŷڵ֮϶ʮԴۣʮԴ֮ϿԷֱʮеħʯʮߵħʯڵ
һŷڵ֮϶Ƕʮߵħʯڵһشһʿ
һâʥֳŷ˲䷢䡣
ٵ޴Ĺâ˲ɳĻе֮Уһֲıը˲䷢ɳĻеȫɡ
ǱըĹâʧ֮ɳʮһеѾоųϱ˲к䡣
Ǹߵĺڰ鷨ʦһɫ԰ף֮ſ־֮ɫ
ǰһ֮̾һĨ⣺ǿսδ½ʿţȻ鴫
֮ǵĻеҲˣ
ûǵķǰҲһѲкˣ
Ǹ֮аܣҲܹݰʿѧԺ

Щ֮ͨ۲鿴սİʿѧԺѧԺ߲¶һ˿Ц⣬ޱȵ
䣡䣡䣡
һ̣ķ͵ˡǵصڻƶҪؾ׼ޱȵļ֮£׷׺ը˰ʿѧԺķ֮ϡ
ʿѧԺѾмǧûб˴ϼңسսľز㣬ûаʿػЩڡܼڻ֮Уŷ˲䱻ķѣͬʱڻħʯ֮Уħʯը飬ħʯ֮еЩħʯ׷ױը
һ޴ıըʥֳǵĳǽ֮ϴżֵ˵ķֱӱڻݻ١
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ôҴݻǵķڣ


ЩʿѧԺĸ߲Ƿ·һǶ⣬ɫƿڴ
ŷÿһżֵ5000ħʯϣмСŵļֵ250ڵ͵ħʯϡǰǧĵ̣ھȻһٴݻ٣ǰʿѧԺĸ߲Ķˡ
µɫҲһ±ѿ֮
ڻ𸲸ǵĹ֮Уǧ̻Ѹٵս֮ϣǱݻٵĻ˲кѸٵգ˲кճ֮УȻЩкѸٵ󷽡
һӣһ8սʮ4λγɵľżʥֳڵķ
ʥֳ֮УҲӵаʿѧԺӸǰ֮гĸ־ʿţǸ־ʿŵʿߴһ
Щս˱ƽʥֳ֮ϵľʿ֮йâҫһӳݡĴΧһ˳ǽ֮ϵǿϡ
ЩʿǿһЩӳ֣ʵʱһֹг
һͨǿȡħĹ乭·Ļеȥ
Ȼڰǰһӵǿļ츳˿ڻȴǺڰļٱϡʥֳڵǿǶһĸ֣ǵļ˿Ⱥڰǲ
һʸӴĻе֮УټʸֱӹᴩЩ4λ˵ͷ­Щ4λеֱӶ˵ϡ
ʥֳڵǿǵļʮǿᣬЩ˶ڼʸԼߡ4λ˻˼ʸͬһ㣬ȻʥֳǴǰ
Щ4еǹֳָ˹ǹųǽ֮ϵǿɨš
ĵ֮Уʿǿ߱Щ˹ӵУӳǽ֮ϵ䡣
Щ4еǹǹ׼ޱȣӲĽǽ֮ϵ๭ѹƵò¶ͷ
սһ¿ʥֳǵĻǺӱԵ
ʥֳǵĻǺӺˮһԵĲӣʮףףˮΣԽǻǺƽ
ǧ̻һǻǺǰѸٵչһ޴ĽѸٵʥֳǽȥ
ǸһɣЩս˱ѸٵŸʥֳǳǽ֮£ͬ֩һʥֳϷȥ
µ¶һ˿Ц⣬˻֣
һ޴ͬһ㣬Űɫۼ׵Ŀް۾ߴǻǺ֮ȻͦݺݵײЩ֮ϡ
ǳĿް۾߶ǶһײǸ֮ϣƾſֲһ½Ǹֱײɡ
ǽսһ±гϣԼһսʥֳǵĳǽ֮ϣһֱӾ˻Ǻ棬оǱһߡ
ǱڻǺһߵս8еǹеĸ˹˲˹ڵЩް۾֮ϡ
Ѫɣһͷһͷް۾߱Щ8еǹֱӴ򱬣ѪĽһ߾ʬǻǺ档
ǲдĿް۾˫۳죬ϳȥһޱȵХ֮ʥֳ洫һް۾ֱ߱˻Ǻ档
һʿǿ߸߾Ŵһ޴ʯͷڳǽ֮ϵĻȥǾ޴ʯһ֮£һܼս˱ǳǽֱ֮䣬ǻǺ档
ǻǺ֮£ˮڹЩ뻤Ǻڵս˻ϺܿʧȥϵȻѾƻ˺ӵס
״üͷ΢΢һ塣
ЩսϱƻսˣֻҪռкܿͻᱻ»¯죬ȻٴͶսΪ˵جΡǳ뻤ǺսˣôڹݰʿѧԺ֮ǰ޷¯ǿް۾סĵ·ʮ鷳
ɳȺȻһЦˣΪǿް۾߶һУɱǣ
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ɳȡһˮƿװŵĺɫҩЦħ֮ϾҶ֭Һɵľ綾ħֻ֮ҪǻǺ棬ܹһǺ
ħ֮ЩʵĹħ֮󣬾Ѫγɵ˵Ǿ綾ǾҶҲǵһϡ䣬ӵЧֶһһ𣬾ͳΪ˿ֲޱȵľ綾
ǵ֮УڰöĴмҡ֮໥ɱʱҲö˶ڶоھ塣


177 ʥֳǣ
ܺã¶һ˿Цݣһӣһλ˱ֱӴɳȵȡһƿҩ
߻ŵٻеܱȫ400ÿСʱĿֲٶʥֳǵĻǺӷȥ
·ս˻ڻ֮£Щڳǽ֮ϵսųǽѸٵڸһǧս˵Ĵֱ֮˳ǽ֮ϡ
ǳǽ֮ϣ鲼ʿǿߣһЩ4λϳǽЩʿֱǰЩ4λɱһ
ʮѸӥװֱȻ𣬻ںųǽ֮ЩǿǷɨ䡣
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ʥֳǳǽ֮ϵľʿâһһʸʮѸӥװֱ֮ϡ
䣡䣡䣡
ʮѸӥװֱʱʮŻ׹䵽˵ϣը
۾΢΢һʿȻѲǿķ֮һ
ʿǿķ֮һʷ֮ϣĹؼսۣȫƾʿأס˵Ĺƣ˴ϢĻᣬȡʤ
ʿѧԺ̳еϹʿϳʿȻǿޱȣû湥ʥֳǡ
µ֮ҪǰʥֳǾսΪΪʥֳһټ֮ǵȻѹȸ֮ǵռ䣬ս֮һ
ڻеʥֳǵǿǷɱʱһμڻеܱڻ֮£ʥֳǵĻǺǰħ֮˻Ǻ֮ڡ
Ǽħ֮һ令Ǻ֮ڣԭ峺͸ĻǺӶʱͬ޾īˮȾһ㣬īɢһɶζ
ʥֳǵĻǺӺˮʱڹһһĿް۾߷ڣޱȵĲҽУǻǺӺˮʵ·ɽ
ûãǻǺӱֹͣ˷ڣһһĿް۾ߵʬǻǺ֮иǿް۾֮⣬ǻǺ֮лһѶϺз
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ڰ飬ЩӣǾͨ־綾ҩƷ

һʿѧԺʿǼһĻҧгݵ
Щ̻ٴǰһţͨʥֳǡ
ЩŸոһܺãǾʿ֮бһʸǸ֮ϡ
䣡䣡䣡
Ǹոռܺõĸű㱻Ǿʿݻ٣ֱӱ
ˣˣˣˣ
֮дըеķ֮
ըͬһ㾫׼ޱȵ·ʿȥ
һޱȵ쫷Ǿʿ֮Ϲγһŷ籩ըһǻеֱӾȥ
䣡䣡䣡
Ǹָը˲Ļе濪һܼսֱը
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·ɳʿǿ߷׷׳֣һɢЩŴʿ֮ϣǾŴʿͷŵķɢ
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
ǼըըըȼըָըһºǾŴʿ֮ϣǾŴʿһ˻ȼ֮УʿʿѧͽȫըʽһʿҲըһС롣
ǾŴʿȴޱȣȻǾͺըĺը֮£ҲȻûз飬ͦǱը֮С
Ȼ֮䣬һ˫峤ߴʮףͷһֻǵQֱӴӰʿѧԺԺɳŸ߿շȥ
QһǶӵвݷԪصĿֲɵ֮а裬ǰʿѧԺϤĿս
һǧͷQһͷQߵĴ֮£Ÿ߿еľͺըȥ
Ǿʿʿʩչķ̲޷Щ5000׸߿֮еľͺը
ЩQһɵǧ׵ĸ߿֮У㿴ǧ糬սǳ
ںҷɡ
һܼ糬ս֮׹ȻԱһŻһQҲ׷״֮е˵ϣˤ⽴
пҵĿսʥֳϷ
ЩQȷʵΪײУǧ糬սǸǿö࣬ɱһᣬЩQ߾ֳƣԽԽ١
ձѹƣǾͺըͶŸըըǾʿֻܹʩչǿѹ·Ļеš
Щ̻ѸٵչţЩսͨţ˳ǽ
Ȼ֮䣬һŭХһͷ޾ŰĺǰʿѧԺ֮ն֮зȥ
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ŰǺ֮ȻѾ֤۹Ҳⳡս֮УҪһٽ֮Ǵݻ١
ǱŰһգ֮оͲһܼ糬սкϵıը
糬սսΪֲԱŰδ½ľǿߣȻԵòһ
ŷȻʥֳǵĸ䣬âһٵâ˲Ļе档
䣡䣡䣡
һ춯صıը֮ʥֳǸĻеһ±ݻ˾ųϡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һӣ˲䷢˷
Ǽ˲䣬ŷںȥ
ֻһΣŷǰ棬վһԺ۹ʿЩԺ۹ʿһʩչһֱӽЩڵ
ǿʿҲ޷ںըʿվ׮ƾںըҲֻоľʬ޴³ЩڵڵʿѧԺķ֮Ѿһֲĳ̶ȣűЩ۹ʿɵ¡
µ浭棬㱻Ůʱ򣬾עǸ֮ǵİһսǰʿѧԺһսδ½Щͽľս
µһָһĻȻʥֳϷۣ仯γһ޴ĹĻ
ǹĻֵ֮ĵطڸ֮Χ֮ڵĽɳǡ
ʱǽɳ̻ڣƲһȺʿʹŸֳɱŽɳࡣ
ڽɳһڣը֮ڶ
һͷײ֮ıɾǽɳ֮кֱײǰսͳͳ˺ɷ顣
·Ӧʲôһͷײޱȵıɾһתͷ˫֮ײޱȵĹâŭ棬ȻŸ֮ǵȥˣһΣˡҰ֮צݻǸ֮ǵбϾıһս֮һὫҵһƤȻˣȥιĹ
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178 ˱Ƴ
һĻɳȵȺڰһǿ΢΢ɫ䡣
ɳһѿǱ֮צ˹Ұ֮צ졣
ʥֳ棬ѾаʿѧԺͺ֮ǿ߾ء󷽵ıֱҰ֮צݣ洦ڽѵľ棬ֻҪߴһǾͻٲ
Ԯµ浭һЦһ㣬ʥֳĹĻٴһ䡣
ǹĻʾ֮Уһֻҵ4ս˶ѾЩս˵ԱվһĿ࣬òӢ䣬һɫսף𷢱۵ӡ
ɳɫʧǰ֮棡
תһЦ棬ԮڱأȽԮ֮һ֮ʿ㱳㲻κκԮעҪ
ʥֳ֮ϵĹĻתǹĻ֮УǲƵ4ս˲кԼֱĲк
Ұ֮צ֮Ķʿǲݣ׷׳֣ݻŴӸظĻеԮԼһ
µֻʱ䣬ǲеĻеŻһ𡣶ͨķʽҰ֮צ֮ǿǾܹɵĽĺԮɵϾĺڡ
ֶ֣ͨǳ֮µķֻɹֶΡ
ɳ΢΢ɫ䣬ѵˣ͵Ϊֹɣǵ׼̫ˡȴظ֮ǡȵʱʱгһٽǡΪ˿СѾˡûܹΪǱˡ
·Ҳһ֮̾һĨģ棬Ҳ޳ɳȵ顣²ΪͲҪװԼˡ
ǰʿоɽڲûաˣȳɣ
ûгˣȹǱǿ׳֮Ǹɵ
ŮôҪûУˣǺڰһ֮ŮǡֻҪҪκ˶Ը̷ȳɣ

Щڰ߲һҡ׷Ȱ˵ǿɲ
һĨᶨöԣѾ֮ڣҪưʿѧԺֻҪưʿѧԺеһⶼԽ
ߵжһĨΪȻ֮ɫʿѧԺôùƣǿϹʿϳ
·οǲ⣬֮н֯Ÿޱȵĸ顣
Ȼʮ
ǸеսѸٵĺ󳷣źȥ
ˣյ֮ƣ
µһĻгɻȴû׷Ұս֮УʿѧԺ򲻹ĻеšǴʿļҲͬӵдʿǿߡ
ƾҵ˰ɣ˿֮һĨʧ֮ɫһ̾
Ļеų뵽˾밲ʿѧԺʮ֮⣬Ȼֱͣ
˶ЩͷԡһЩڰ߲ǿ¶һ˿мĹâڰֻǿߣսֲսֲԥԥıǿ
ȡһīԶԶ˰ѧԺڵķһ۵
䣡
ʥֳǾʿ·Ѿɱ߰װõĺ˵˲䱬޾Ĺ˲ʥֳǵľʿ
ֲޱȵĳ˲ʥֳ֮Ű
·һ㣬ʥֳǳǽ֮ϵһٶϷǰ˵ʿͳͳǿֲĳɣ޾Ĺ֮лɻҡ
ŷͬǰ֮ʿҲֱҽ

֮У˰µ澪ֵļ֮
ʥֳϷķĻ˲
ʿѧԺԺһ߲ߵʿڡ
µ棡
ʿȻ˫ĿԲɣһ˺ѷε֮˲䱬ըء
һ߲ߵʿ֮ڣеʿڻ屬ըһ˲䣬ֱըѿ
Ǳ鲼ʥֳǿܵɶ߲ߵʿʿ֣һǸ˻ƣʿʿҲܵһʱ䷴ɡ
ǴܹҲΪ֮һ֦Ӿ޴֮ϵ䣬Ȼܵش
֮УһܼͺըҲǺ˱ನ֣ͬһŵ׹䣬ȻһŻ汬ը
һܼ糬սҲӰ׹䵽˵ϣֱӱը
֮УΪɱıŰҲܵǺ˱ĳֱӱһѪ
Ȼ֮䣬һͷһֻƲ֮Уһ·ʯһĻе˫һ֮׹ſѪڣݺһҧ˱Ű仯γɵĺ֮ϣһ˺㽫仯ĺ˺ȥһѪ⡣
㲻һͷܣɣһŭХݺһβͳͷе֮ϣ»еս֮ǿĻеֱӳɳʮԶ
ͷеɳʮԶ֮ĴųŰ
µ棬
Ŀ·һɨѾʧľʿѾȫʧ֮ʿ췢һߵХʩչһɫĹâѸٵź֮ڵķȥ
ùϵİᣡ⼸ϹȻɱ
һƬƲ֮УռһŤȻĴӿռ֮߳ŰԶԶߵķһ̾
ļƻӦڰµսܾ˵ʱ֣һոǰƻ֮Ʋѡߡ
Ҳûһߵİᡣ
·ʥֳǿһۣ֮һĨɵ֮ɫʥֳǣȻˣֱǿֲ
ʥֳǵķֲ֮ڳǽ֮ϵľŴʿҪ֮ݻٶΪѡǳڹ򼸺޷ơ
ǺųʥֳھȻ湥ƣҲǳ˸ӵĸ顣ΪζʥǾޱҲδصסеŵĽ
⣬ʲô
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ǺڰǿǼһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾˫þʹЩ8ܱſ˷ػǰǾԻ˲ᡣ
ɳĿɿڴ棬֮г˾η̫ˣƻֻֻȫֲпܰ쵽
·֮ҲһĨ֮ɫÿֲֲ̫ˡֲʮʿں֮ǡ
ǰҲͬĿɿڴ֮г𺳺ͺ£ҵʱѡͶһʹǺڰһ壬֪Ҫˡڰе˶ɱ


179 ɱ
浭ǣ
ʮ8ս˴4λͬһʥֳڵķѸƶ
ʥֳǵľʿѾ٣Ҳ˿Ͷб
ʥֳϹʿϳ־ʿѧԺǧĻۣ֪ŶɱﵣһеĻеŽУһǿķɷɻңҪˡ
汾ʮ8ս˵Ĺ֮£ʥֳȥɵˣд滻ķ
ʥֳǣȻ˱ֵܹסһʥֳҲĿ΢΢һ
Ǿö˵ıըֻǽʥֳǵĳǽݻ˴룬ͬʱʥֳǵػ֮£Ǻ˱ֻסʥֳǾ漣ں˱֮𣬽ֻгǽƻؾȫߡ
еؾʥֳǵĳǽǾö˵һ򾡣ųֱ룬Ժķƶ
ʿѧԺԺʥֳǵĺģԺһƣʥֳŻȫСԺƣռʥֳҲᱻת
ӴĻеŹ֮£˰ʿѧԺǰ
濴ǰʿѧԺĴţипǧ֮ǰΪݽʿѧԺʾ֭ܵɺֲ֮ĵĴʦ˿衣ڣȴǴǧǿߣߵ̬˰ʿѧԺ
ĬĬĿǰʿѧԺĴһֱۣ̤ѧԺ֮ڡ
ǰʿѧԺԺЩʿѧͽǵѧԱЩѧԱǿԼĻеţž֮ɫ־岻ѣ׷Ͷ
ȻȺ֮дһޱȵĽ棬ǼӶ
˳ȥһ۾ͿվȺ֮еһ꣬ǵͬһ߹ԭӶ
ԭǼӶɣ΢΢һЦһ֣ս˱óһ·
ӶĿ⸴ӣһĨĽͼʻһ̾棬̶̼겻ı仯̫ˣ
ȥˣӶȻǰʿѧԺԺѧԱ治ѾһǿһʿһǸ֮ǵĴԪ˧ͳеŹʥֳǣ˫ʵλѾԨ֮𡣼ӶȻЩ
浭ţʲôһưʿѧԺԺ֮˵
ӶҲܵһλߵѹϴӦõģ
ӴĻеѸٵƽ˰ʿѧԺԺ֮
ǰʿѧԺԺڣκ˽롣
Ǿ޴Ħ˾Ƕķ˫ۣĵӴĻеţһɿʿĿֲ˲䱬Χʯ飬γһʯס
һĨâķʥֳѾҹƣʿѧԺʷӽսᡣʿѧԺ׷ҰɣҪİʿѧԺĴһӱ㣡
ķ˫һɣҴӦҵҪػʿѧԺĦ˾ǵԾԲΥҪԺͱҵʬ̤ȥ
ϣķȻһԾͬһ㣬˹
ҳϵһͷǣϧΪã
΢΢̾Ϣһ䡣ʿ֮УթĶʵƽЩʿǴλץʹĸֳǿڣһηˣɡ
ķҳǿһŵǧĳԵϡٺ
ʮܻеܱ߾ٶȻǰһһȻ֣ǰ
ķצӣһģԿֲһܻеܱķ֣ͬʱеܱĶֱĵİݣֱӵɳȥײһܻеܱϡ
ǧܻеǹеڱ˲俪˹ڵڵ˶ķ֮ϣʯɽ
ķֵ˲ʮӣڻļ֮£飬һʯ顣
Ħ˾ԻǷԶʮǿ󣬿ǧ8еǹͻеڱļ֮£۶ôǿ󣬶ֻһ;
ϧ浭̾ϢһԺȥ
һλǰķħֱȡ
˿ڶעҺ̬ҩͨЩҺ̬ҩ׵ǵλá
ǻеҲĴ֮£Ժ֮һ·ǰһ߲ߵʿ·
վס棡
һŭ֮ǳ֮µץٺ˿Ů߲ߵʿ
ʱԭʱ̱侲ɱɱŮŲգ۵İµͷҷɣѪһؤһ㣬ǱУҲԹ֮ɫ
ʥֳǵĳȽʩչĴΧػȻϹʿµʥֳǣµҲǺ˱֮ܵ˾޴ķɡ
ֻǰµʮֽƻ󲿷ֵķת޵˴ʿԼͼʿϣһٳű˻ԼԺʽʿȻˣҲ˲ᣬȻԹޡ
һĶʮ8ս˺4λ˾ֱͣס˽Ų
ܺã棬ŮˡлеŵĿȨңȻǸ֮дʿǿ뿪ʥֳǡɱǣ
µ˫֮һĨһֻɫצӣȻ֣ץ˿Ůĺ֮ʱŮĺ
µ棬ˣһսǾǸ֮һսҾ˺벽еŵָȨҲԲܽ㣡Ǹ֮ǧǧͳͳҪǵУ
ҳϣҺ˿٣㿪̫ˣҲܴӦɣңҿԷһ·㶫ɽĻᡣ˽ˣһԼñʲôҪǣͻ򣬽ֻ·һǰһ˫֮кȵ
µЦ֮гɱңô򵥣ƾЩȻɱЩ񣬿Ҫӣ¼˭סң
ĻеǿҪ°µĶʿȴʮѡ
ô㿴ʲôһЦһؿڵĴԪ£һâȻɳ˵ϣ¶ӰļеħҼħޡ
µ治мһͷļＶܰˣܣɾܹ
ЦϰؿڵĴԪ¡
񡢿ߡħʨħһͷһͷļＶĻеսȻ˰µǰ
ãʮͷļＶĻеսޱǰɢſֲĵŰµ档Ƕȴʱ׼ȥµ˺ɷ顣


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µһĻɫ΢΢һ䣬һ±ʮѿΪδ½ǿ֮һаܣȫʢ֮ʱԿͬʱսͷҵļˣԵʮͷļＶĻеսޣߵĻֻ·һ
µһЦӵ˶ʿܣҪӣҲסң
𣿾㿴ǿɱﵣԤ֮һЦһһ¶һɢŹ鼮
µһ±ýޱȣĶе鼮Ȼ˫һӿ޾ŭ𣬷ʲôԤ֮飿ǿµĴر֮飡ˣ𣿡
һ̾ҵȻˣ㣬ⲻ𣿡
ڰµŭһʱһ˲䣬һӰ֮УһӰͬһȻֳִذ֮ǣŰµȥ
µ汾ܵıһǿޱȵ塣
һذ֮׾ٵп˰µļֵܹһһ´ı
ʮ˲ڰµ֮бƣһ±ޱȡ
ǵӰҲֳòǴ̿ͺҹɱš
˰µȫעʱץס˻ᣬûɱһٳɹ漶ذ֮Ǵ˰µĸ
쵰ȥ
µ˫۳죬һӰһָļ෨˲һâһȥ
ļ෨һͷųɹǴʿǿ߱УҲкܴʱֱɱһʮֲֿķ
Ĵ̿ͣһУоųϵĸʻᱻԼɱһ
ʱһεĹĻŵǰһɫĽâһεĹĻ֮ϣεĹĻֱը顣
ųûذһն˿Ůħצնϣһץץ˿ŮһѸٵƮȥӪӶȥ
µĺƣ˫ԹޱȵĹâȵȲǵģѾǵʩչ˷ֻҪһǾͻʬ塣
µ滰䣬˿Ůʱҽһ鴤˫۷ף崦·ʲôֲǵתתȥһ˿˿Ѫǵ֮˳
𣿿ϧҵķרſķ
ȴ֮߳һǾޱȻУ˿һա
һʥİɫʥһ˿Ůϡ
˿Ůһ¶ʹ֮ɫſͣһɫǵĿзɳγһʹУȻʥİɫʥҫ֮£ʧ
µһĨ֮ɫҰһȣȻ㣡㾹ȻҲˣ
ʥǾޱǶδ½֮йϾаǿߣʥǾޱҲǶδ½ǿط֮һԾапڣµ˿˶ôаķᱻֱӾ
Цûµ棬ǹΰģǾޱ԰ҫʱû뵽һ죿
һͷɢһ˿˿ϹźѹĻеһ˰µȫ·ߡ
µɫ䣬Ȼ֮䣬˵ϣһ¹˵ϣͷధˣһɣҿʩչƷֻһұϾ˿װҿΨһˣ㣬һɣ
ҿǴʿǿߣ֪ʿѧԺܣֻҪΪūһὫһͳͳ㣬հʿѧԺ
һĨâ죬治ۡ
ȿҡβİµ棬֮һĨм֮ɫʧ
Ҳ֮һĨ֮ɫȻҲͶ棬ȴûôҡβ
µǶδ½֮УǿĴʿ֮һʿѧԺԺĴ֮ʱȻ˲иһ仰ʵ
һ֣һλ˱һֻҺ̬ҩֱߵ˰µߣץµ֣Һ̬ҩֱһ˰µ֮ϣע˰µڡ
µӦڵϵͳɱʮ֮һҺ̬ˣɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴûκηʵʵĹ˵ϡ
ôǿߵע֮£µ淴ֻ·һ
Һ̬ҩעµ֮ת˿ʵɱɱ¡ҴӦ㣬ΪɵֻҪһ仰Ҿȥ
µʱʧɫͷˣǴӦһİ
ЦʲôʱӦˣֻԼˡھŮ˿ҡ
µתſڵϣǱİ˿ҵŮҵŮ֪ˣ㣬һɡˣ׵ķϣһɡһЩлԴͳͳ͸㡣ֻҪϤָ㣬һܹΪʿ
˿Ŀ˰µһۣ֮һĨԹޣµ棬װסҵ裬ҵĽ㣬Ҳధ㣬㲻Ҫǳ֡Ϊ˻һ˿ǲ̵ɱˡԶҲԭ㣡ˣɱӽҵ˺Ķˡ
ãɣһĨϧŰµ浭˵һ䡣

µһ·һޱȵĲҽ֮һŤ岻ܿƵһǴžһ£ֱը飬ֻʣһõͷ­ڵϹϢһȫʧ
ڶδ½֮Увֻʣһͷ­ȻŵĳµȻĹ
ȡżһĻж΢΢һݡ
µǴʿ۷ǿڣȻŵ֮Ǵ壬ʵ˾ųϡȻʮǿսͨĴʿľǿߣֻһ仰֮Уͺ޷֮ĲǶҩĿֱ۵˽⡣
濴Űµʬ壬һĨϧ
µȻûнڲ٣ȴǻʵĴʿ۷Ĵڡû˿ԭԻΪ£ԼϾµƷУʵȴһһǿᣬҲһһޣһһ֡
лл㣬ˣӽҵ˺Ķˡ˿һĻУһڣ˿ɢ˵Ĺʡ


181 ŭ
΢΢һЦ֪Լշ˿ɫ顣֮ǰֻͨҺ̬˿סѡ
ĽԵã齻ڵоֻȵõһʬҪǿٱֹ
ЩĽĿ˿һۣҲߵߣ֮һ£Ц绨лл㣬ˣ
һЦٺ˿һ§˻С
ɵ˰µ棬ӴĻеֱӿʥֳǣʥֳǸؼҪصķ
ʥֳҲڻ˺ʣӦԵĽǺһУЦúϲ£졣
һ£̻˱ʥֳڽָʼʥֳҪʥֳ濪ʼָı
֮Χ֮ڣһƲı֮ǰ
˹ıɾ˫ײޱȵĹâĶһʿ̺֮޾ŭ˵ʥֳѾˣ
ʿЩǵģʥ£
˹˫һĨ֮ɫغɱ磺ܣǲܣʥֳаʿѧԺ֮أôܻᱻݻ٣ôôƣǲƭңƭҵģԲԣ
ʿоԼҪһӦԲãʱпܻᱻ˹һ
ʿսսĻ㱨ĻеŶɱ˹ǵݻʥֵĳǽʥֳǵİʿͳͳɱֱ֮ߣµսʥֳѾĻеռ졣
µ棬ң
˹˫۳죬췢һХŭģ۵һ³һѪ
ʿΧ֮ǣǰµƶļƻ˹ԭΪƻʮþȣԳ֣Ұ֮צǿڸ֮Ĵɱ°ƻ֮ǵı
ʥֳǱ湥ݣҰ֮צ֮֮汨Ķ
˹Ȼ֮أѵûԮʥֳ𣿡
Ұ֮צ֮֮ʿѧԺ֮以ΪСΪˣҰ֮צ֮㸺ϾĺԮ֮ΪһֻԮʱ֧Ԯս
ʿɬޱȵ֮۸ûǰսֻһ̬ѡ
˹ҧгݵһۣ֮һѷǴɽۻͷƴܾˣ
ʿʵʥ£Ǹô죿
˹ϵҰ֮צ
һʿֳһͨѶħߵ˿˹ǰʥ£ʥͨ
˹üͷ΢΢һ壬ͨѶħ֮ϵһ£âһħ֮б㴫˹˹Ҹոյõ鱨ʥֳѾݣᱻˣµ䡣
˹Ҳõ鱨µһȻô򵥾ͱ˸ɵˡ
ûµȷʵһڣֻһᣬһĻᡣͻϮ֮ǵϳʯǣֻҪܹƾʯǣҵܣǻһ˿̵ĻᡣҵľټϰʿѧԺǾޱ԰ӴԴֻҪһʱ䣬Ǹסǵĸ֮ǵĻеš
üΪУֻҪһηչʱ䣬8ս˱ôҰ֮צ֮ĩաֻΨһһ㣬ǲ´һ£ҵ˲ڡ
˶ȷ֮ӵһҵ֣ΪǸľ֡ڰʿѧԺ鱨Ѿо͸ޱȣӵоǿߡΨһĿܾһӵоǿΪ
һӵоǿ߻ΪһΪ1µȵķ񣬳Ѫ֮⣬û취͡ҵҲͱ
˹ܹȷھʯûɱ˹ǵ𣿡
һ³ĬˡǿҲ˵ԼܹһʮʿĿֲھʯûǼֱ˵顣
˹ҪȥԼȥҪҵˣҰ֮צˣҪǸҴҰ֮צҾԻ
̾һðɣ
Ұ֮צ
˹Ұ֮צʿѸٵĳַر߷гѸٵҰ֮צķȥ
һƧɽ֮ڡ
Ǵһ£òӢʵЩź˹͹Ȼ֮ƴܾˣź
µӺȻ֮۵찬ѷ
һսյļƷѾ㹻ѷ΢΢һЦһһɫˮС
ǳɫˮ֮ڣԩҽУһһǳɫˮڲϵķޱȵı֮
ѷеһöɫˮ˫֮һ˿֮ɫ˵ҪлЩǣҲûô򵥾ܹռҪһܹɵԩѪˮһöԩѪˮͿԴλ֮·ΰϽλ档ңҲһԾΪһǿʿǿڡ
ϣѷ΢΢һЦһӣһȴţֱӽ˴֮ڡ
ûãʥֳǱƣʿѧԺԺµսϢһ´δ½
δ½Ϊ֮䶯
ʥֳǿϹʿϳӵ֮ڰʿѧԺûܹ֮ơҲʿŵǿĵ
湥ʥֳǣһ´ʿϳɹݵ񻰣δ½˶Ϊ֮Ŀ
ͽҲơ͵͵ɳʹϵҽ֮Ҫĸֿﶼֱ͹
ʥֳһս֮УԵСѾ𣬲дͶ棬Ϊ˸֮ǵһ֡
Ѷ޹Ѷ޼ڡ
˹˷ܴЦҾ˵֮ǲô򵥣û뵽ǾȻʥֳǶˣ̫ˡ׬ˣ
˹ѡȫ棬ȻʱƣҲ˾޴ѹڸ֮һԾΪδ½İ֤ľȫȷ
֮ԪҲһ˷ܣ˼֮һսΪδ½İЩͶҲþ޴ĺô
һԪϼæάӢѾΪ˸֮ǵĴԪ˧˵ʿ嶼뽫ԼŮ׸С檶첻
һԪЦû˵ʿ岼ķ뽫ԼĵŮ͸С檣ĿǰûдӦǷѶ޼Ľޡ֮ǽһ۹Ҳһλ󲻿ԡ


182 
ЩѶ޼ԪǶ⣬Ц
һ֮ǽ۹ôͱضǸ֮ǵδĴпֱӳΪ۹ĻʵۣϾҵǳĲϲ£һ֮ϡ
һȺ۹ǿ۹ݣԱȷѶ޹ĹҪöࡣ
ɯҲ¶һ˿ЦݣֻЦЩǿдʱ˶Խļʡ
һԪϺȻߵŮڶࡣ֪˿ʯѩȫ˼ɫҿȡƵǡɯ·λʥһ˼ɫһƵֻǡ
ǷѶ޼ǵԪЦһͣжһĨء
һ۹ҲܳͲܳģܳյȨԶԶǲܹܳĴڡ
ҽ齫ɯҲ͹ȥȵŮ̳衣
⣡
֮еĳһ΢΢ͷͬ顣
˹һӣѹ˻֮гǵۣŰɯɯԸΪǷѶ޼ǰߣ̳𣿡
ĵλѾͬһŭΪգΪ˿ٴ֮ǵһٹʥֳǵ¼Ѿ˴½
˹ɲޱȵĽɯ͵ߣһĵǾ鷳ˡ
ɯһЦǿѹе˷ܣƽޱȵˣԸ⣡
˹ͷ΢ЦǺãҾʹȥʥֳǣ
˷Ѷ޼֮⣬δ½ĸʼɳԼŮӣͼЩŮ׸棬ΪŮˡ
湥ռʥֳ֮󣬱¿ʼڸ޽ҿʼʥֳҪͬʱõ·šɯŮԴʿʥֳǵ
ǰʿѧԺԺҲһ¶Ǿޱ԰Ůʿ
Ǿޱ԰ֺ֧͵·šɯŮʿʥֳٴαü᲻ɴݣָ˲ֵܡ
Щڰһǿǻع˵ڰ
е񽻸˴֮桢ʯѩ˿Ǿޱ԰
Ǿޱ԰
Ǿޱ԰رǾޱء
ȴһ·ǰУһԣǳһָ
ϸһ
һɫǾޱһĳ붥ʢǳӷ·ӵһ㣬תΧħܡ
ǳӵΧӵа˸޴İۣÿһ֮жװ͵ħʯÿһӶ͵ħʯֱӻɻңеħܶȡøɸɾЩħֱܶӱǾޱ֮ڡ
ʱʱһɫҺһɫǾޱ֮棬γǾޱصĳˮ
ЩզݳޣһĶٵ͵ħʯ
ƽƽһʮڵ͵ħʯά֡Ҫ꣬ʮħʯܹܳһĳˮһˮҲܹʮʹáӵǾޱأǾޱ԰ܹÿ굮ʮһţάִС
ʮħʯҲǾ޴ħʯסˡѾŪֵħʯδӵʮħʯôࡣǶδ½ĵ̡
һ䣺ȥʼԺ󣬼ǵøо֮ܲ뿪пܻᱻǾޱ̺ŵӴֱӳ塣ҼٱΪ츳Ǿţһű壬ú޼ֵ
΢΢ͷȥһΣֱǾޱ档
һǾޱ棬оһɹɾޱȵħܣ֫ٺɢȥ
ÿһϸһħܣͬɳĮ֮мѾõһ㣬Ǿޱȵħܡ
תط䣬·ΪһͷɫӴޱȵħܡ
ľ棬ڹһɹǿޱȵľ֮ͷţγɵڶ츳ģ֮͡
ӵкѪʿطÿһԶһ츳ģͣǹ̶츳ģ͡һ츳ģǺ֮ۡڶ츳ģǾ֮츳ģϢļ츳ģ
ǹ̻ںѪʿ֮еĴ츳ģͶߵĲǿͬ
һѪʿʿĴ츳ģͶֱӽΪĴļҲѪʿͳʿҪǿöĵط
ͳʿĴ츳ģһļߵΪȻʿʩչһҪһʿʩչķҪǿö࣬ȴûʵı仯
˳ͻƵʿ֮ٴηǾޱħ֮󣬱оԼÿһϸʼˡҲûǿ󣬱뿪Ǿޱء
ʱؿһöޱȵɫȻŴɫĹâǾޱصͬʱǾޱصħ֮תΪһɵȼߵĴɫ塣
Ǵɫ֮£ֻһ±üޱȣǴɫϵøǿ
Ϊ̫ҩڵһ˿˿ҩжҲһıų
һСʱ֮ٱǾޱֱ˳Ѿ޷Ǿޱص
һǾޱ֮гԶĿȱӦеŮ
ڹȥܹǾޱصĶţٶܹ֧6Сʱϡٲ֧һСʱ֮֪
ʱ䲻š
ʮСʱ֮˿ڴǾޱ֮һԾɢǿҲһԾһһʿΪ˶ʿ
ȸӦ˿֮󣬻һЦСﲻʽҵһЩСӣ׬ˡ
ʯѩǶ˾Ȼûгѵ˵ǵʱ˿ǿ𣿲ܰǹϵķʣ1µȡΪʿҲѪʿаôǾޱôã
֮һĨǣһΣֱӳǾޱԱߣӴľһûǾޱ֮ڡ
Ǿޱ֮ڴǿޱȵÿ΢΢һɣȻӿһĨ棺Ȼû£ҵҪܹá
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һӦʯѩϢʱĿɿڴԼ۾죬ȻܹǾޱ죬ʲôǾޱ԰ǿҲֻǾޱʮСʱȻǾޱʮСʱֱǹ
ʯѩ뿪Ǿޱ֮󲻾ãǾޱһڹһ´ǾޱһԾ
ǾޱԾ֮Ǿޱضȫʧȥħܣһطˮ


183 ħ彵
˫ۣ˫۾ɣ³˵ҲʼøӢ˧ɢһ˵ʡ
һɹؿڵɫ֮ɢûڣ
ȶ棬кȻðһͷһôȹȥÿࣿ
ѪǶδ½Ѫ֮һӵеϹźѪϹźѪÿ춼ǱĬĸıŸķ
ѪѪʿ϶ǿŮгˣгҲѪ֮Ӱ֮£仯ΪŮǿҵһĺڰŻһֱȥ
ɳЦĴһ˳ϲˣΪʿŴʿ֮·ٴһ
泩һЦ˵ɣʲô£
Ϊʿ֮ʵȻǣҲٴȻһءԪٴμȻ鳩ޱȡ
ɳ΢ЦһҪˣδãϡ
浭˵ɣ
ɳȻһЦǺڰڵ磬ķѼʱⲼֲ֣֮еѪ壬ǵǺڰӣЩǵƿءһֻѪ֮Ȼԣֱӷ񣡡
һĨص񣡡
֮۰һԾΪѷӵпֲİλǿڵĽؼһ
һѪ֮ΪôӵпǿʿĿֲսȫʢ֮ʱϹźάֲڶ֮һս
һĨ׹⺮ⲻУ֮ǰɵ
ɳ֮һĨʣȻһЦˣһ飡
֮ܲǳ֮۵Լ̫ϳϲſԽĽ֮ڡ
һһͷͷͷֻͷ­һǿ׳壬˫˫ŶųצӣһԳһЫβͣߴʮ׵ħֵһѪɫļ̳롣
Ѫɫļ̳Χӵа˸ɢ޾аϢѪأÿһѪضڲϵķγһֲı֮
˭Ҳһ¹ųƴ֮ܲȻһа񣬲֪ɱ˶ܹƶɵѪɫ̳
֮۵֮ѷ滺Ѫɫ̳֮ǰ
Ķ𣿡
Ѫɫ̳֮ɢŨŨȳ֮ԩ갧ϷŵѪأѷ֮¶һ˿ɡ
һĨѪŰĺⶸȻڰѷ˫һţһ»ָ˼ᶨǿʿֻҪܹǿʿʲôҶԸ⡣
ѷϵͽˣ
һֺ޴󣬳˿ֲѹƬ֮лص
ѷһڵϣ˫֮г˿ȣΰħƶı£ҳϵͽѷżƷˣһߴͨӭΰı½磬֧硣
ΰħƶ£ָ֮֮۵ķչ֮˶ϵͽӭĽ٣ΪĽٷһС֧һУƿһУ罫
ݲϣ·һͻȴɢŴʿĸɱߴǵһѨ֮˳˵ϣʡ
֮۵ĵֲ̿ˣʿǿѾԶԶںųƴʿĺ֮
֮ʵûıΪ̣ȻܹΪʿţΪԴλħƶлþ޴вϣÿһʱӵϵĴʿǿߡδ½˲Сͬʱ֮УҲӵı֡
ѷ߾ԩѪˮĬġ
ԩѪˮʱʢһɳԹѪȻͼѷֱʴ
ѷһףԩѪˮֱӷɵħֵĿС
ħֵſһҧԩѪˮһ븹С
һɫɫĹâħֵ֮
ħֵȻѿ¶һ޴ĶѨһŨѪħĵ·Ȼ֣γһޱȵλ֮·ͨһλ档
һɿĿֲλ֮·һ˴ǹ֮г˱塢׺֮
֮λ棡·ڴˣλҿƶģ
һ̰λ֮·һ˴һë޴צӴλ֮·ͼλ֮·
ֻëľ޴צӸոһλ֮·λ֮·һ
Ǽ̳Χİ˴ѪѪҺԼԩ궼һʧڰС
ɶ񣡣λ֮·̫ˣ޷ҵͨ
λ֮·дһ춯صŭХֻëľ޴צʮֲĵˢһͨ档
ѷҪֿھʹΪǿʿΪڲ֮λʹҵ־취׼飬ȶһλ֮·
һλ֮·дһѪ˲ɳһ˰ѷͷ
һѪͬӵһ㣬Ӱѷ۶ڱ֮зȥ
ѷһܵһɲԤУתڵطͼѪһֱ顣
ǰѷոͷһڵȴͬˮһıѪա
ѷһ˫۷ףŤһɹǿޱȵ֮һƿֱͻƣһɺޱߣǿʿĿֲ֮
ǰݲϣһҪ̫֮ϳǸо˰ѷĿֲһ˫¶һ˿ϲͿ֮ɫͷΰħƶ£ϵͽΪĴҵһУ󷢴ȱǸɣ
֮۵̫ϳһѾԪҪŶǿƶǿޱȵĴޱȣǿԪǸӦ˰ѷɢſǿʿĿֲһӵϺ͹
ãʹǸǿ
ѷһĨŹ֮ɫһЦһӣǹλ֮·Уɳ˰˸Ѫţֱ˵ǰ֮۵̫ϳϡ
ǰ֮۵̫ϳһ¶һ˿ЦݣȻһŤ·𿴵ʲôֲһ㣬˫֮һĨ֮ɫ
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ΰĿƶħʱ£
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ƶ˫֮˷ܵĹâЦǧĲ֣ڵջļڡ֮λ棬ػʳѾѾһ⣬˭˭ġҿƶ֮λһͨħλͨħٴνλ棬ΪλߡҿƶҲΪΪħ񣡡
ƶȥ֮۵ʿټҪͳͳתΪһĿܡЩʿʵҴǵȱطÿԳ䵱δ½ڻҡ
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ãһ֮۵ʿֱٻ˽֮ڡǳ֮ȻһƤѾࡣ
ûã֮еʿתΪħ塣
֮඼תΪħ֮λ֮·УԴԴϵӿһι״ħ塣
Ұ֮צܲһʹ֮ڣһŴˣǿ˹
˹üͷ΢΢һѷȻҪˣЩʲô
ӦΪԮǼǵǸɡ֮ǸѹֻҲС
⼸ıչأ֮ǲûдľٶԴԴϵĸʷ׷͵ʥֳǺ;ʯǣǱҹͣķ죬Ĵľսг˽ǡ
ʥֳǡǾޱ԰ʯǡڰĸݵʯ˹Ҳûκΰ취˽֮УֻܹĿ治Ϸչ׳
˹һߣǸСȻ;ߣ֮۵֧Ԯµ棬µδػܵô죡
ʿѧԺо߲ߵʿյ˵Ҫʿǿʿĸ֣ܹӳʿѧԺǿսÿһʿǿߣʿѧԺķͻǿһ
ѷ֮۵ǿ߽פʿѧԺʿ滹δܹ°ʿѧԺ
Цһ£ûж˵ʲôʮ㰬ѷ֮۵ǿ֧ԮʿѧԺµҲǽפǺĵľʿ൱ңԼİͳͳ¶֮ۡ


184 ˹
Ǹеˣ
ѷϴŷЦ⣬̤˴֮ڡ
˹ͬ˻ҩһ㻹ǣ
ɨ˰ѷһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ԼоЩԣǾʲôԣҲ˵
ѷһЦ֮ǰһУҵĴѾ׼һݴ͸λһݴҸұ֤ǾԻϲ
˹Цʲô֮ۻʲôö
Ƿݴǡ
ѷǰ̤һ˫֮ȻһĨâǿʿĿֲ˲䱬˫ŨŨħſ˹ǿߺȥ
ǿʿǿ˽ľ͵Ϯ˹Ӧһ´ҫһͬʱռһŤһ̾봫
ѷ޾ħ˿˹ķڿ˹ؿһģֱӽǴͷϣصӡ˿˹ؿڡ
˹۵һһںɫѪɶײǴ֮еǽ֮ϡ
һߵĹҲں޷֮£һƺɣһѪݺݵײ˴ǽ֮ϡ
㲻ǰѷ㵽˭
־ŭһ䣬˫ȴһ˺һűĳ봫ͷ˺顣
Ȥһϵİѷ¶һ˿ȤЦݣһץɢݳһ˿ռ䲨Źһץ
ֹȫĿռ䲨ʧͬʱֱӷ䵽˰ѷС
ѷڹһ㣬һڹҫǼսױӹ֮зɳС
ѷһĨǰսױֱӴ֮ϣĴδ½Ҳаıǲ֮λ棬˵̺֮λ档
ڷڹ˫Ѫŭ㲻ǰѷ㵽ʲôˣ
ƶ΢΢һЦûҲǰѷħʿƶ֮˶ѾתΪħ塣˹Ƕδ½ǿǿ֮һҺǡͶңҿһҴֻҪΪ㹻ĹѫԽǵʵ֮
ħ壡
һ˹жǾκˡ
ʿʳħʳĩڣ֮λʿѰҵһǿλħλ档ħλ֮еԭסħ塣
ħʳʿħλ淢֮սħսȴԶԶʿȻ֮λʿǿսʤħ֮еħ壬Ҳһܾ˵ľ档һսʿҲ޷ѹħʳ֮гĸ·ħڸ·ħķ֮У
ħҲǲ֮λʿֲĴ֮һÿһħ彵ٲ֮½һϯȫĿֲѡħ֣
δ½ƫƧޱѾнûоħ֣˹ôҲû뵽ڰѷھȻǱһǿħ֧䡣
ƶǵô
˹һѪһ߷Цҿ˹Ұ֮צˣһصӺôͶĹЩħ壬ǵūھȻūǵˣֱ룡
ڵʿʳǳʳʱǳ֮Ѿħλ棬ħλʿΧΪֳ֮һԴӵʿʳ֮ÿһʿʳħʵʵĳ䵱ʿū߹һʿʳǾͻ侮ʯ֮λ棬ͼȡ֮ʿ
ڤ粻ļһȥˣ
ƶĿ֮һĨ⺮ֱӴһָһźɫħӿ˹֮ӿ˹ֱӳųһȻһըѿء
ƶ˫ɨ˹һ۵ʶʱΪܣǲ֮λʿǿǲòˮתǲ֮λ˥䣬䡣λ潫ħ壬δ½ħʿƶ꣬ѵҲҪ˹һڤ粻飬Ѱ·𣿡
ԥһᣬҧƶħʴˣҿͶŵκطҵ˼ά
ƶһĨȴһ˿ͰеЦݵãҴӦ㣡
֮λʿȻѾ˥䣬˴ʿʳĻԻ͡ǲ֮λ½֮Ȼƣǿꡣ
ħҪ֮λûô򵥣ʿʿʿɱһħлᡣħʮܽľ飬˿ƶڹһkЧҵʿʮֿء
ʵˣڿ˹Ұ֮צôã
ƶҵĲѾһͬҰ֮צ˹Ұ֮צıȫҵ֮
Ұ֮צҲϹʿַ֮һӵ㹻ĴʿʿǿʿҲѹԿ»ʿ
Ұ֮צں֮һ֮شʿҿ˹ƶ͵ϮɱҰ֮צȺףֵܵסƶһǿʿĿֲǿߡ
ƶһĨƻĹâȥԼ֮˰Ҫһ˵ҪǸ׼һݺ
ƶӵǿʿĿֲȴȻʮСĽҪ֮ǿһһγkʱֻħλ汾һһ֮ʥǾޱ԰Ϲʿַ֮أҲпֱܱѹɱ
Цһµˣ֮˰ᱻ֮ǵĻе͵Ϯشڱչز֮ǰҲûᡣ
ƶ΢΢һ㶵֮ǵĻеţʲôʱδ½ð֮ôһˣ
ô˵ֻǻ˰ѷ壬ûлðѷļ䣡΢΢һ
ˣ֮ǵҵһľš˵ʿʳܻʳУƳһֻȫɻеħɵĻеšֻеʮǿǶĶ֡Ǿޱ԰ڰһ嶼¡ҪΪδ½ˣҵĵˡ
ƶôҵϳģ
һĨɫϳڷѶ޹ľʯǡ
ƶһһĨ⵭һЦȥǾޱ԰Ŀȡڰĸɳһ𣬾˵ҪͶ֮ǣҪԸǺú̸̸
ǣˣ
гʧȴƶѾǿʿǿߣδ½޵аĴڣȻСĽûһ˿ùֱʧ˼㡣
ûжã֮ɳʹűʥֳǡ


185 Ѫ֮
֮֮ۡͶˣôô죿
ʹŴϢЩɻ֮֮ۡǶδ½֮һӵϹʿַΪϳʵǿޱȡ
ֻҪԼһηչʱ䣬ܹ֮֮ۡƽİôѡͶԼЩԤϲ
ɳߣնûı
ʵΪʲô
ȻЩԾȴҲ˵ʲôԡ۷չǱĸ֮ȷʵԶԶǿ֮֮ۡѡͶҲʲô¡
Դ湥ʥֳ֮󣬶δ½֮УССѡͶϡ
˿רŸЩͶϵ顣ڸ֮ȻΪһǣΧȴѾŵ˿Ⱥ۹ǿ⻹Ǿޱ԰ҪǼǾޱ԰ǿ¡
ɳնҶԶδ½춼йϸо֮۵İѷҰĲԲǸʾ֮Ұ֮צ֦֮ͬһһǿֻа֮ͶҰ֮צȴûκηӦԲı
浭һЦٺ٣ȻͻŸǡǣг⣬Ǿޱ԰̸ռƣǲҲûʲôʧ
ɳȵǣϣ
ȻǼ׼ôˣ
ɳ֮һĨصѾ׼ˡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ܺã
̩˹죬λĦԣΪ˿
ҹ̩˹׶īǡ
ڰīǵĳ룬һȼħƵĹ㳡УŮ
ЩŮһйǵ֮ϵĿƲʬ塣
Ůͬһ㱻һߣ˫۾ֵĿǰһĻ
ʱʱгĿŮߵЩŮ֮Уͬѡʳһֱץһˣſͣ¶˼ȮݺһҧЩŮĲ֮ϣǵѪҺ
ЩòĿŮǱѪԼ͡Ѫ
ѪҲһǿ壬ÿһѪѪ֮󶼻ӵпһʿĿֲѪǴѪѪԼһѪעڣ֮ȾתΪ͡ѪѪתѪѪ֮еλΪ£һȫתǵĴѪѪ壬޷֮
Ѫķ֣һֱʱƣԼʵһֱӵǿѪڶδ½֮УϲʳѪ
ѪҲԶҪǿö࣬һͼѪ壬⣬Իǧ꣬ĽΪ߼Ѫ塣
ѪҲһŮ壬֮λĴʿѪڵλ֮ҲѪΪ˲֮λ档δ½֮УҲΪӵѪĴڡ
ͨ˵ѪѪǿ󲻿սʤĴڡǶʿ˵ȴѶԸѪΪȾ̫ǿڶδ½֮Ҳ׷ɱֻܹĽ档īǾȻ˶Ѫ壬Ϊ쳣
¹֮ء
һ𷢱ۣòף޳ɢһŮͨɱȻʵӻߵǳѪȡϢĹ㳡롣ӾǶδ½֮ѪΨһӵпȴʿѪѪ塪Ѫ֮
Ѫ֮Ŷʮ߼Ѫ壬Ƕʮ߼Ѫ嶼ǿŮһƿĿ⡣
Ѫ֮УͼѪ൱һʿмѪ൱ڶʿ߼Ѫ൱ʿѪѪ൱ĴʿѪѪѾԼڵѪ֮ѪᴿһֲĵزһЩϵѪǿУֻѪѪǵͬѪ嶼ϡ
ѪѪҲͨעѪķʽʼͼѪ壬ͨѪֻܹѪܷʽҪ
ߵ˹㳡ҵͬǣǣǵأ
꣡
꣡

ǹ㳡·һ´춯صĻ֮˶ӣ˫֮ж˿ȡ
Ѫ屻ʿӼ԰°ӵһʿĴ衢ɱǵͬƵͬɥ֮ȮһĴӴܡڣڵǷʱֻҪңǵΪѪ֮ôҾͻӻǡδ½ǵκ඼ΪǵĿǽΪǵļǵū
ڣɣȫɣҪǵҵȼ𣬳Ϊ񣬱ӻ塣
ſ˫֣ˢһſһӳ򣬻ƽڽ¹ϣһʥϢ
ΰأǱ滹ҪʥĴڡ
ΰأ
ߡǰҹľ־Ĳߣ
ΰأ
ѪҺľս޲ʤս񡭡ƿ񣡡
ΰأ
ǽϵ׸ӽ֮󣬽عΪĶܣΪֵһ˺ΪĽΪնһеˡ
ΰأ
Ը߾ϵǳ
᳡룬һ뻮һʥ֮
Ѫ嶼ӻйһصʥԼǰЩʥ֮ϣһŨŨ֮
ҽΪ֮񣬱ӻǣ
˫ȼڵҰ֮˫һţǰ̤һ
һصʥ֮Уһ˿˿֮ȡֱûصڡ
ǻ᳡룬ʮѪڵϣޱȵԡһǿޱȵֱ֮ûصڣƽڽ
Ȼ֮䣬һŽɫĻصü֮۳ͣ˲䷢˿ֲɱ䣬һɱÿǳʿ
ֻо¶˵泩˶һַ츲صɱ䣬֪ʶԶЦѾȼ𣬳Ϊ˰񣬶δ½˭ҵĶ֣
һ̣֮Ʒڹ޹⣬һֻīĳì֮˺ѿռ䣬һ´ص֮ϡ
ΪʲôΪʲô
췢һޱȣ˺ѷεĲҽ֮Ȼͬһ㣬һı
Ϊ֮λ治ڱ񰡣
һŤһֳΣһأһĨ֮ɫһ̾
λ֮ǿĴڡʿ֮ȣ֮ӵһױȵľ޴ǾǻþãԪƳޱȣ΢飬ӵеҲߴ֮á


186 
ʲôһΪ飬ԪͻҲӵ
ʿ֮Щǿʿһʿʳʱ֮ڶʿʳĽ֮ʿʳħ֮ʿʳǳ֮ʿʳ֮ʿʳĿ֮ʿʳħ֮ڰʿʳĳ֮
˴ʿǲ֮λǿİʿ˰˴ʿʳѹλ档ȻֵʱʴԪľ׷䣬һѻ
һЩʱ֮ͬһʱ飬ȴвû䡣˫ԪĲ࣬
Ǵ̴صĳìǵһʿʵʱ֮Ƶǿر߱ɱ顢֮λĹ߱ì
ʱ֮֮κһڲ֮λȼ𣬾ͻᱻ߱ìֱɱ۶ôǿʿڵȼ֮󣬶ס߱ìһ
ڶδ½֮УҲֻһС֪окڰĸɳȡ
ڰһʽʿ֮·ԯޡɳҪͻƴֻܹ֮񡣿ڲ֮λһΪ񣬾ͻᱻ߱ìɱԴ̵оһͻƿǾ˵ȼ𣬳ɾͰȻûǸĲԣתΪ

طһҽ֮ȫ߱ìֱա
ɫԴصĲк֮·䡣
һΣɫԷӶȥ
ס֣
ȥ
Ƕʮ߼Ѫ׷һɫԷӶȥǱ֪ܵɫһһĺö
ɵǣһЦ
ǣϣ
ɳȴߵӰ˳ȻһЦǶʮ߼Ѫһָã
ļ˲䱬һ֮ĺɫâɳȵָ֮Ƕʮ߼Ѫȥ
Ƕʮ߼Ѫ屻ǺɫĹâһգʱһޱȵĲҽ֮һѪ״ǵ֮Ȼǵ֮ϣֿС
һͷħһеħȻӵֱӳЩѪ塢Ѫ֮УӶ޴צӲĶЩѪ壬Ѫͳͳĳ⽴
·һӣһֻ޴ıȻۣЩѪѪһˣǱ֮ѩִأеѪͳͳ˱
ڰīΧĻеҲʼȫŰīǼ۶
ôʱһץֱӽֱץС
һУ˳ûڡ޾ĸ֪ʶһӿԺ棬ҪԺű
Էֱɱ¾ԡѪԡ־ԣ̺֮ɱ¾Ѫܡ־ַһ˿֪ʶ
һ˿֪ʶѾΪ޴󣬼ԺűѾΪʿǿޱȣӲĽӴޱȵϢͳͳܡ
ͬʱһûʶ֮ڣֱͷǿɱ¾ܡѪܡ־ǿĸ壬ķת
ɱ¾ܹɱ¾ܣѪܹɵĲԼǵ˵ѪҺ־ܹõս֮ж־֮ģԷս
Ŀǰʿʵһ˴ֱӴ߶־ܹܵЩ˴־壬ս
ڰīǵĶʮ8սһɱīǣԴݿ̬īѪԼѪɱɾѪɺӡ
Եζո˻ԣ
һɫĹâƶȻǰĿϡ
汻ƶôһ·һֻضһ㣬Ƕ߶סܵĻ³˿־塣
ʱ澫֮е֮һӰȻһڵѪҺڣһɽ־˲䱬ԿƶĿ־ɢ֡
һ־֮бдĿ־ͳͳգתΪ
ԱǱǲһʿȻԣ̫˷ˡɱ㣬Ӧû԰ԳȻеʧҲûа취
ƶĵɨһۣôһץһֻīħȻֱ֣ץȥ
ǿʿôǿʿ
Ȼס˶ԿƶĿ־壬ԿƶĹȻһС
ʿ֮ͨѾǿ֮ǿʿǿȻͬһС
һεɫĹĻȻǰļˮĻ컪ˮԪγɵĹĻػһֻɫħһץˮĻ컪ĹĻ֮ϣֱӱ顣
ǿʿһǿʿ
һŭХһؿڵĴԪ£ͷΪɱﵵĻе˲ɳĴųſƶȥ
ͷеʹϹźάǵʬƶɣĻеս֮ǿһߣӵ޽ӽǿʿĿֲսƺɱﵡ
ͷеһ֣޴βһǺɨ̩ͬɽѹһſƶֱӺȥ
е˼ӵ޽ӽǿʿսϧĶң
ƶһĨ֮ɫһХһΣһȭͷеβ֮ϡ
䣡
һֲľ죬ǻеβըѣ·ɽ
ƶҲǾ޴ػ֮£ɳʮԶһ˿Ѫ
浱ϣһ˺һ㴫;ᣬһǿޱȵĿռ䲨˲֮ϡ
ûõģһħǰκοռ䷨
ƶһЦһָ֮ϵĿռ䲨˲ʧеľҲһըѣ飬ء
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ĺЩ¾ѪĴʿǱ׷׸˵ءɳȶ˵ֱʩչһļ
һڰγɵĺɫ⾶ſƶȥ
ŮҲòܺãʺϵҵӻ
ƶһЦһ±޾ħγһħ֡һħ֮ϣȵȴ޷ᴩħ֡
ɳһΣߣſƶһĨɲ֮ɫ㲻֮۵İѷ㵽˭
·Ҳ΢΢һΣߣſƶ֮һĨ֮ɫܹоƶɢŵĿֲǴ˵֮ǿʿĿֲ
ƶĿһƬտһۣȻħλħʿƶЩ΢࣬ҵĻҿԸһ·˽춼ͳͳҪǼһԵŮҲ⣡


187 شƶ
ƶĿɨĵطһŤȻĴ˳վߣſƶ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ʮδ½ƲȣΪ˻ıòԳڳ֮ǰҲټ˿ټǿ֡
ȡɳȡ·ʿϣԶԸδ½֮κһʿҰ֮צ֮ǿҲܹɱΧֻû뵽Ȼƶİǿߡ
ħλħʣħ֮У΢ĴڣŮɫ䣬г𺧡
ͨǿʿСһǿʿŮʮͷļＶĻеս޻һս֮
ǿħʷֻӵǿʿk⣬սҲԶԶǿŮܹĴڡ
ƶܹ赭дĴļ㴫ͷᣬΪkͿռƿشﵽһ˷˼Ŀֲ硣
Ŀ֮âΰħʿƶ£Ǹ֮ǵ±Ԫ˧档ҪǳҲǲܣչһ޵еܹ۷ǣĸԸΪЧ
ƶͬèϷһһЦǸ֮ǵ棿˵ɣôչԼ𣿡
Ǹ֮ǵ˫м߸֮Ƶܡ˵ħ嶼ǿᣬ˫޵ĺúܹȫݻ⼸ܣô֮ǾԸ⳼ΪЧ
һؿڵĴԪ£ֻߡһͷ쫷֮ǡһͷħʨյһͷеһͷļĻеս޳ǰ
ƶɨͷеսһۣ΢΢һЦȤǸ֮ǵȻȻܹƳô࿰4ĻеսޡãҾʹӦ㣬ʶһҵ
ħһǿ԰ħʿƶ˵ͷļĻеսҲֻһС鷳ֻҪķһܹͷеսֱӲ顣õʲô
һΰħʱ£ʵ˫ֻһССĶʿôľսҵһȭֱӰҴɱˡҺ˶ʮڶʮ֮ս
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ʮľڿƶ˵ʲôʵֻҪҪʩչռ䷨룬־ܹ֮ȥ
һ䱸Ĵǿȵǿߣ˵˶ʮ֮⣬Ȼʵʵͣסûκ춯
ƶ¶һ˿Ц⣬߼ļＶĻеս޿ȥĿرͷеϡ
ƶԼܹܿȼŮԼЩļＶĻеսΧôǿߵΧkвע⣬Ҳˣһ˿ʧܵĿܡϾȿǾޱ԰ˣӵаɳҲ˿ŮͽһƴԷӳǿʿǻеⲫǿʿĿֲڡ
ڿƶֻҪ߾ļܽȻٶԸһУһоԷκηˡ
ͷеһХĴų򣬳ֱ¯ȫһɿǿʿĿֲ˲䱬
ȫ߶֮£ǻеԱһӿǿʿֱԻ𺦼ͷеǿɱﵡ
ͷеսȻſƶȥ
ɣƶһЦһΣͷ˫ħһͷͷ­֮ϡ
Ȼ֮䣬ƶɫһ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
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ͬһʱ䣬ߡһͷ쫷֮ǡһͷħʨͷеսҲһ˲ڵĺ˵
ſֲ֮Ģն𣬵ضɽҡޱȵĳ˷ϯȥΪ֮𶯡
һŻɵķƽڸǣ泾ĩһĳ
ǰīļʮѪѪĶʮеŵս˶Ǻ˱ɣȫ
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ӻеǿޱȵɨϵͳ֮Уһ¿Ǻ˱ģһƲĺɫħ룬Ǻɫħ֮Уɢǿޱȵ
·һӣֱӿһȴţ뿨ȡɳֱӽȴ棬ȻǺɫħ֮ǰ
ʥǾޱ
Ȼʥİɫâҫ·һŮһ㣬߾ٰǾޱǺɫħһա
һޱȵǾޱ֮һǺɫħ֮ϡԭƲĺɫħǴ֮£ͬʱ˿ƶޱȵĲҽ֮

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һһǺɫħ֮ϣǺɫħ˲ȫ飬¶˺ɫħĿƶ
ʱǿƶ˫Ѿըɣ۾ҲϹһֻ¶ѪģԿɭɭ׹Ǻ䶯ȻûħƣĻָš֮ϣһװս׵ĲкȻ˵kһ
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Ǻ˵뱬ը൱»ʿȫһȫɱһ޷ǿʿƶ޷֮Ʊö˵ըУȻûǿͿֲ֪
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һӾĵӿƶǱ¶Ŀ³֮
ƶſһ磬һħĿֱӹᴩ˿ȵĻֱӺһѪɳʮס
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·ɫ䣬Ĭģָһ㣬һͷϢΣʮɵıȻ֣ſƶȥ
Ǳ֮мӿ֮䣬Ȼ֮еˮֱ˲䶳γ˱顣
һֻ˲Ϣ֮˿ƶ֮ϣkֱӶᡣ
ƶǲдһֻ۾һתŵ·ſһۣһħõĹâȻ
裡
·һ··𿴵һ־飬ҽһ˵ϣʹͬһСŮһĿ
ѽ
ɳɫ䣬һʩչ4ƻϵѽһѽâſƶȥ
ƶһͣһµһɫͷײѽâ֮ϣһɫͷֱѽ飬ǴѽҲȥ


188 ƶ
ƶһΣȻɳȵǰһֱȡ
ڰڣ
ɳɫ䣬ĬģеİڰȨһų˵ɫ⣬һɫ⽻ۣ֯γһȦڰֵĻڡ
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ƶһǺڰ֮ϣǺڰߵһֱѳ϶
ɳȻʧɫǵһοһشĺڰڡ
ʱһɿֲ׵ϢͷеĴųȻ£޴βſƶһ顣
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ƶǻеһ飬ֱӵɣײ˴֮ϣȻðһι״ķõkһʹޱȵıХ֮
Ǻ˱ط䲻ش˿ƶµk˾޴䡣
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һܼ糬սȻƲ֮зɳصĸ˹ڷſƶɨȥ
ĸ˹ڵ֮£ƶѪɽҽвѡ
һظըľͺըݺݵײ˿ƶڵλãһ죬Ǿͺը˲ԱһССĢٴ
ƶҪصԷһܾͺըԱһʿʩչĹͺըٶ̫ʵսУһ޷ըһʿ
ƶҲǿ˼㣬ȻǾͺըԱһըȻûֻһںɫħѪǿʹԭطӶkҪǸԭվ׮еžԻὫkֱӴ򱬡
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Ǳѩ֮зɫĺͬһɵ˿ƶĽ£˲佫ƶ˫ȱ⡣
ƶ󾪣һħӿµıô顣
ܾͺըٴ׹䣬һײ˿ƶ֮ϣԱĢն𣬽ƶըѪģϵİս׵Ĳкٴѿһ޴ѷ졣
֮УǻеϣſѪڣһϢſƶȥ
һеǿϢ˲佫ƶ°ֱõkٴηһҽС
ЩϣȻңҾԲŹǵģˣǵĩգҪһ׽ҹҹĥݣһֱĥ꣡
ƶһޱȵ䣬д°һɫĹâԶȥ
ƶһ˵֮Ѿˣǲӣֻ·һ
ƶò׽һٵ֮λ棬kҪλ֮·򿪣̣õkıħٵ档kȻԼô䡣
ƶոһӣһξ͵˵kߵ·ߣǴذ֮׾ٵĴ˿ƶ棬ʮ˲䱬õkٴηһҽС
ƶ͵Ϯ壬ʧȥ˫˫ŵĵkſһ磬һɫħӵkĿһºŵĽ֮ϣֱӺͬһײ˵֮ϣһѪ
ƶôһ٣֮˹һº˵k֮ϣkٴѪ
ƶ޺޵ĵһۣ֮ǵʮ䣬һɫĹâ֮۵ܲȥ
һĨ֮ɫɱ˵kҪǸkָǾΣˣ
ƶ֮ƣö˵ըˡȻ󱻿󶥼ʿϻеΧ֮£ܹشȺţkʵ֮ǿֱ
ȿȳһѪ֮󣬵ţˡ
ɳȿĬģſһָļ˲ʩչһڿȵ֮ϣѸٵ޸ơ
ȻҲָͨϵۻָЧĴ˾ɳȸǿ
һУ֮һ糬սֱӽ䵽˵֮ϡ
ŮһԾ糬ս֮ڡ
糬սķٶȶȲϿȫʩչеٶȡֻǶ;У۳;У糬սҪʤһ
糬ս˲ɣȫſƶ׷ȥ
ҲȥӦˣ
˫֮һĨâһͷʼ´һϵе
פʥֳһ8ս˷׷׽˴Ԫ˱ЩԪ˱ѸٵĽ׹档
һܼ׹ȻǧӥװֱĻ֮£֮۵ķƶ
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ĴԪ˱װ˸ˮЩλе˵ߣʱ׼
Ǿʯ֮УҲһ߳˰ʮ͵8սˣ׹֮۵ķƶ
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⸡յľ޴Բ򣬾Ŀǰӵеǿս1װƶҪء
һ1װƶҪطɳ֮󣬲ַɳһ1װҪƶء
һ1װҪƶأҪڶδ½첻ȥӵĵطһ´1װҪƶأ¶ԼɱﵣǾҪһٽƶֱӸɵҲҪƶڶδ½ȫ
װƶҪһ֮󣬱Ѹٵ֮ϳڵķȥ
ƶɳǧ糬ս׷ɱ֮£һ·ǱӴܡǴkڵĴذ֮ʱʱıһ䣬õkʹ಻ٶȻ͡Ȼ糬սֱ׷ϡ
Ǵذ֮ǣʱɢе䲨ƶҲ޷ڸǡ
ƶҲ֮ܽһ°γһʵĵkγ֮ǵʱҲǵk־ܵʱ
ûǴذ֮֯Ǵƶڣƾkı£ѾϢӳһе׷ɱˡ
ƶҲѡأֻܹ֮۵ķȥ
һ׷һҹƶձֱ֮ڡ
£
ƶһۣ֮kİ±һٶʿħǿǰӭӿƶ
ƶֱſһһٶսʿĸ߼ħһըѣһѪֱû˵kĿС
ǰսȴʿħ˧վһߣĮĿһС
ħ֮УǿΪͬƶħʣԼͬҲֻħ˧ǿ߲Żõk΢ЩӡǸ߼ħħ֮жţë


189 ˱ħ
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ãͬһ㱻ЩħǷ׷Žǿƶ͵ڵĹ㳡֮ϡ
ƶƿ֮֮΢ųһ㽫ͼ֮۵ƭ֮۵ϳ֮ڡ
Ϊħ²ߴһʮ֮ޡ
ƶ࣬һĨЦ⣬ſһһɹֲ˲Щ²֮ϡ



һҽ֮У˲ըѿһϺѪ⡢ĺɫֱû˿ƶĿС
ŵkЩѪ꣬kѵ˫ҲѸٵĳ˳Ϣڽ
䣡䣡䣡
ƶˬһ޴ıը֮֮ϳ֮д
һħ˧£֮ǵĻеѾɱ棬ǽ
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һħ˧ħˡħ֮ħǻ֮һĨâȵ˶ҳȥɱ֮ǵˣ
ɱǣ
ɱǣ

Щ¶ݵħˡħǶ˫۳죬˷ŭʿ˼㣬ǰ˴ħ˧֮ӿȥ
ħǿͨλ֮·֮ޣħһι״ħƣͬһǰ˴ħ˧֮⡣
˴ħ˧ոͳ˧ħ֮⣬һööź˵ͷĵֱ֮׹䡣
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ûеȰ˴ħ˧֣Ǽʮö˵ֱһĢֱն޾Ĺ˲˰˴ħ˧Լߵħ塣
ɽѡضɽҡ
Ƿɭϵ֮۵ܲҲǿֲĺ˱ȫɣһħ°ӶҲǼʮ˵ը֮У޾Ĺֱɡ
ƶѾָ˲ȴǼʮö˵ĺըȫɣոճõ˫˫ţ˲仯ɻҡ
֮ܲڵɽǼʮö˵ıը̮֮һ롣
Ǽʮö˵һըǰ˴սȴʿħ˧˿ûзʵͱɱˣȫ˻·
·ſ֮۵ܲں˵ը֮ȫʧɽ̲סһʧÿֲıֱʵֲ̫ˣ
ɳ֮һĨâ΢Ц
֮һĨâΪʲô׶ˣ޴һ޴㡣
·æ׷ʵʲô㣿
Ҳ䣬ϸ
΢Ц뱬ը֮󣬲ŻӵпֲֻҪڱը֮ǰӡʹת෨֮תƵһطͲκúãԸʹԭˡ
һ΢΢һЦûǿȣĿеˡԵķΪе
ڲ֮λ֮еʿλ棬λ֪ʶķļ֮оӵзӡԵķ
ӡԽź˵ͷĵֱӷӡǿԽź˵ͷĵ͵Ļе֮СǺ˵Ļе֮бը
֮ܲҲ̽Եĺըһ֣֮̽ħķӦŵϽʮö˵һ䣬ֱӽ֮۵ħϳΪƽء
ȻһĨ֮ɫʧǸһﾹȻûkʲôôôǿ
ǻеɨϵͳ֮УĸӦǺ˱ģȻɢ
ȵϵkӦܵشʵ½һΪµĳ̶ȡߣǹȥ
ȡɳȡ·һΣź˱ֱӷӶȥͬʱ˳ֽץУͬŻһź˱Ӷȥ
Ǻ˱룬طȾͨ˽ᱻǷŪһʹ˶ǴʿѾȳЩ䡣ֱӽ뱻˵ըУǵƻŻᱻڣһĵķ
Ǻ˱ģһʧȥ˫֡˫ţҲϹһֻֻʣ°ĿƶħɢȻʹšֻǵkϢѾԶԶ統һοôǿ󲻿սʤ
ǲƵĿƶĵһУ˫֮гԹһһЩϣȻ˺ΰħʿƶΰħʿƶԲŹǵġʿѾû䣬ħʱ١֮λ涼ǵħλֻ֮ͨһˡ
ǽɱĽֻǿƶһ΢ķֻҪһͻ併ٵǵϣֻҪҵıͻӦǵĴڣֱӽٵߣͳͳɱһʶģھͶңұ٣ȻǾ޴ĺôͻƿΪǿʿ
Ůüͷ΢΢һ壬֮¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫܹĸӦƶ֮еʵ
ûᣡ
˫һֱóһֻ޴ͲǰݺݵĴ˿ƶ棬ӲĴӿƶһīħѪ
ƶȻǰѷ壬ŵȴǿƶħѪҲֻǿħ֮ѪܹһʿֱһԾΪ
ʼ
ѪҺǵʮѪҺݲ֮λĵȼ֣Ϊ»ʿǿߡλĵȼӦ΢ǿߡ

ݷҪȫѪҺֻһԵļҪʮʱ䡣ʮ꣬ʮꡣʶüԵļ
ƶװҪأƶװҪҲӵԣÿһԵļͷǵмܺ͵İٱֹ
һᣬѡ񣺡ȶһԵļн
ЩԵļ֮·кܶ඼ҪǸҩģַͣģ͵ȵȡڽƶѪҺ沢żϾĿǰֻжʿΪ
ȡ˿ƶħѪֱ֮ӽһҺ̬ҩһעƶڡ


190 ׷
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ƶһЦöҩңûõģҵıħλħʣЩűԵĲͬҵıǿǿڣЩϵĶҩܿƵҡ
ûƶĬĬʵǷܹͨҺ̬˿Ƹ
Һ̬˴صϢѪҺӵгǿ޷ںϺ֡ǽѪҺȫ޷ƸҺ̬ҩ
ȻһԵĿʵȣkķ﷢һУkı֪𣿡
ȿЦһµҲ֪ķЩ֪ʶǶδ½ʮϡ١ϾǶδ½Ѿнһûǰλ̽ˡ
ڰʿʳ֮󣬶δ½Ѿдʿǰλ̽ա
λ̽ʮΣգһͬħλ棬ʿʮа˾ŻᱻЩħץסԵ»ʿǿ߽ħλвҲ䡣
ټħݵ֮۲ϵĬĬЩ֪ʶԽԽ֪λħ֪ʶ
Ŀ˵·źɳŮϣǶ˶΢΢ҡͷȻҲ֪֪ⷽʶ
֪ⷽʶҵ֪һ
һȻһ
ڳɫһ䣬ķȥ
ֻһòӢһɫйŴ߷ƣһӵʣƲϴ΢ЦһԻ
Ҳиһ䣺һ˧ҪǵϣǵϵǶҪʧҵˡ
ϴһӵܵ΢Ц¿׷½µõ鱨˵ؽħֱصǰѹħ֡ħʷѾλѹλ˲أ
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ȼŮɫ΢΢һ䣬ſ׷Ŀ¶һ˿𾴡
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Ǿħޱȣڶδ½ʿͷ׷ǰ½ˡ
ܵǸ֮ǵ±Ԫ˧棬λѩŮʿ·ţһλǾޱ԰˿ȣǺڰĸɳȡ
һֱ֮ʵ׷һܹܲ뱾֪
׷΢΢һЦλǿڽٲ֮λ棬һʹͶӰ֮Ĵڽ١Ϊλ֮·ͨ󲿷ֶȶԽǿĴڣԽͨλ֮·
ͶӰλ棬ôͻֳһ˿ЩǿڵʶһͶӰջأôЩǿĴھͻ֪ͶӰλ淢һСͶӰ٣𲻻ܵκ˺
ЩǿǷֳγɵĴڣЩǿĴڱһ廯Ĵڣʲôܹ֪ͬÿնɱһǱ˺
Ǵӱֳһ֣ѪҺ֫塢̺֮صĶԼһ˿ʶڽγɵĴڡ뱾ʶԶ߷һУ뱻֮󣬲Ż֪
ƶȻħʿƶٵһֻҪkûлع鱾壬k﷢һУϲᱻħʿƶ֪
˿׷Ľ˵ȵȼŮɫ΢úÿһЩ
׷ֲһûоһ˵kʲôرһЩķħʿƶͨһЩطҲδزܹ֪ͬ߷һСϾħλ棬Ҳһǲ֮λʮλ֮һħħʼǿѾ൱λ֮΢飬ǵ֮ͨԶԶͨ˵󡣡
ϧ㽫kץʵϽоȻͲµkˡ
Щϧ˵һ䣬˫ġ֮ͷеſ޿ڣһϢڴħʿƶ֮ϣֱӽħʿƶɱɻҡ
ˬһЦ׷ʥֳһΣȾơ
׷΢ЦԸҲ
ʥֳ¥Ķ㡣
׷һŶδ½ʳһ̸Ÿصķ顣
׷½ңʶΪḻҼΪ̸治ơ
ƹѲ׷һᣬ֣ܹԼоһ˿ѪǷֲ˺Ѫ˺һط
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ûж÷֮ǰĶʿԸӦӵкѪ׷ֻһξƣѾӦӵкѪּʶֱš
׷һĨϧ֮̾ˣôӵطҪ֪طҲͽֻ㣬ǿܹǿʿ֮󣬾ǰ·
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Ƕδ½ʿ֮һ֮ĺطǿطȻ׷Ϊӵط
治ɫǿʿ֮ӦҲһűȽǿطˣôӵط
Ҳ֮λʮλ֮һߴʿʵλ档顢ħħΪ߹ƾʲôȻʿʵ
Ҳ֮λʿʵֱΪһʿʿʿʿǿʿ»ʿʿʿ溣ʿʿʥʿʿʵۡǿʿֻΪײ㣬Ҵ֮ڣǿʿǿҲֻܹưһǶѣ㲻ʲô»ʿԼ֮ϵǿߣҴ˻ʳ֮ڣĸ֡ҽʮ꣬ѾǴʿ⣬֮ҾͿԽΪǿʿ»ʿЩѶȡ׷һЦ֮š
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׷Ȼڶʮǿʿٶڶδ½֮мֱ졣
ΪʲôЩǿʿһӶδ½뿪ҲûлΪ½ǱߵԴͻԵǶδ½ܹĴڡ
˵½ǱǴ󺣵Ļδ½ֻһС̶ҪΪһͱǰ󺣡һֱС̶棬ֻܹΪһ׳
׷طǵڶʿʳطֹϵѪطѾʱˡҪ̶ֳ֮ȣҪƽľѪƽѾ֮kɱþ⣬һ·ͬ
Цһ£Ҳ֪Ѫʿ·ףΪѡʽֻ1µȣҲֻѪʿ·ߡ
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һ֮ʵǣһֱմմϲΪһ޴ȴû뵽ԾȻ˵һֲֿԶҩ
һĨɬ֪ʶĶ֪Ǽ£ǰЩԡ
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ܹ֮ҵһЩ汦顢顢ƻźľڵѪֲȥγһµĻȻµĻͶλ棬ͿµĻֱӳΪλ飬һá顢ľＫΪϡ٣ʿϵǿ߶Ϊ֮񣬾½ҲϡѰ֮Ҳˡ
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顭׷ָһööӰΪܵ
涢һö飬кȻһ󼤶飬öӸҴİ֮ѨϳŪɫӺ񡣡


191 ֮
İ֮Ѩͨλ֮·İ֮ѨϳŪֵı
һֱ֪һö鵽ʲôȴСĵԼǰ֪ʿΪ֮ıг˿ϲ
˫һĨȵĹâֵܣܷѪԷ룬ۻķŽ̸ң
׷һᡣ
֪أʿ֮Ĺأط֪ʶҪӦĴۡһܿļĻеܡ㿴Ƿ㹻ȡط
һؿڵĴԪ£һͷħʨеսȻ֣ɢһɿȴʿĿֲ
׷һǸطҲʲô˲طҴһЩеȵŶдڡҵ֮ʱ¹ԣԲὫŴڵ֪ʶûл֮£ˡˣʮֱǸ޷طڸ㡣
ʱһʧʹͷ˳֮С
׷οһ֣ǰ½ĻҿԸһƼţƼȻǴʮţȴҲǽʮŵһš֮طƣ⽫ѪԷۻķŲʲôĶ
Ȼʵˣ֣ղ˵ߴʿʵʿа˴ʿʳ𣿡
׷һЦٺ٣ػʳĳ֮ߴʿʵ۲ԶˣkôܹߴʿʵᲢۡ
׷Ц֮󣬲һ֣֮ôǸϾǿ֮һkĻҲԸ˵
һ֣Ҳһͬǰ½㿴Σ
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ʮ֮󣬺ڰ˿Ů֮ڡ
ڰڵģ
վ˿Ůһ棬ĿһСŵ۾֮УԿһ˿˿֮Щڰ֮зɳû˿Ů֮ϣ˿Ůɢһ㵭⡣
վˣֱǰš
Щڰ֮Ŵ֮й˳ȥ
ЩΪ˿ⳡʲô壿
һ̿ͣʵǿޱȡͬʱ˲ڰŮ˿ǰһ湭֣ҲͬŮ˿
˿ŮСļ˾ںڰһ֮УԽǿĴڣԽǶ˿Ůмû˭ϲһ䣬Լ໥ɱȡֵ
ЩײĺڰΪ˻Ƚϵŷ˿ŮĺڰֻҪ׼㹻Ѫ꣬϶ῶĴͽ
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ǿҸ֮зڿƼ֮ڵ
΢΢һЦһɫñӣֱߵ˿Ů֮ǰ
ΰ˿
ǺڰߣҹĲþߡڰŮ֩һıӻߡ־֧ߣ
ϵͽΪļ˾չػĸ򣬲þĵˣ
ļ˾֮ʣһɴľ񲨶֮д·һ±Ϊһϵļ˾ϳ̶Խ˺ڰĸɳȡ
ʵϺڰĸɳȶ˿ŮҲʮϡֻκκڰĸĸǼ˾ʹ˾˿Ů鲼ȫһǱ˿Ůڵͻȼգճɻҽ
һޱȵ˿Ů֮ҫϣչĶ䡣
ĿɿڴԼ۾ô£һαͽǵߣôһ¾ͱһͽһ⣬ôܻ
ŵȺڰǿദʱ򣬺εĶԺڰ˿¶֮⡣ˣߡһߣȻһ±˿ͽֱ
ǰҲĿɿڴô£ôΪͽһһԾΪ˼˾ôܣ
ɳʮΪϣҲûлֻΪʵǿᣬ嶼˴˿ĽųΪ˿ŮĴ˾
лΰŮ񣡡
һЦֱߵ˹Щϧֻж˾ˮƽҲϾЧǱҪǿöࡣ
żæʵô쵽ģ棬ǵkͽô
̿ͿһΣְҵڵ֮ϣвͻܵˡܹΪһ˾սԼμ˿Ů֮Ҳдڴ̿˵ܵ
ӰŮ÷ʵǴʿ֮һǽַ˼ӰɱüʵǿöĴʿǿߡ
΢΢һЦȻǿȴҲʱעκλ档ճ񣬻϶еܹ֮ģͽľ񲨶ֻҪͻƭk񣬻ֻҪֵ̫֣kע⣬Ϳʹõk
ǰȺöҪһ
ЦеҲҪһ
ǰȺڰĶǿ߶Ů˿ԼʵʮСǵʵȫԼְ˾Ů˿ʩչǿ
潫֮ڵݸɳȣɳȣҲһɣⶫͿֹkʴһ취
ɳȽӹ֮ڣ¶һޱȵЦݣлл㣬ϣ
ļ˾ʩչʱ򣬶ܵʴ鲼Լꡣ
һЩ˾ǵͻᱻֱӽ֮лǰǣǸӵԼ
е鶼ӵԼҪ뽨һҪԴӴޱȵ֮һЩ鶼ûҲǵkСʱ򣬺׾ͻᱻǿĵ˶ϣȻɱ
ЩӵԼ֮ڣǻʮǿһ΢Լ֮ڣȥ֮սеһ΢֮֮սʤҲδ֪֮
˿ŮΪڰһҲӵԼҲڰŷkԵʡ
δ½ഫ漶ǿһ㶼Ըŷ飬Ϊһŷ飬󣬽֮ڣȻҪΪս൱һūڲ֮λ֮Уʿ˼ǿȻԸȻΪū


192 װ̴
ʵɳȣ˵Ǻڰһǵõͣ緢˽kΪʲô
kҪռ磬Ѱһʧıһӣ
ɳһ㣬һâҫӰһ³˰С
΢΢һκˣ飡ԭǵkģ
תһ룬Լµһκڰһ巢ʥսֻ¾ΪԼ˷ӡλ˿ŮӦһ˿ڰһ巢ʥսͼҵöӡϧڰ鱻ǱǶƿ֮УѰȻҲͲ֮
һҴǰ½Ѱǿʿط˭Ըҹȥ
һɳüͷ΢΢һ塣
ɳȵϣǲԸȥ½֮Уʿǿƣռͳεĵλʿ½㲻ʲôǿߡһǰ½ֻͻΪ˵ˡֱԣ½ʵԱӻǡ
̹ʵû½֮УһЩǿϲնɱһǿߣ˶ԻȻóطЩ½ʿǰȻһ
ɳȡǰȡŮǶδ½ǿߡڲ֮λ½ȴʲôǲ֮λ½֮Уʿʹ顢͹ŶħĴڣ׶پܹŮѹ
ڶδ½ѾԳưԣһǰ֮λ棬ҲҪβˡвͻᱻ˸ɵ
һᣬϵҿвˣɣȹȥ½ǱߣܹվȽŸǹȥ
֮ܲ
һдȰţɫһһף޲ýǷȰֱ˺ɷ顣ͷһεˣͷһҲȻԥջûаһȰ˺飬һ̾ǷȰֱӷ档
֮󣬰֮֮ǣֱӲ˸֮ǵ֮С
Ϣһδ½ʱһƬȻ
δ½ʿţǾޱ԰˳˸֮ǡʿѧԺֱӻٵ֮Ҳ֮ǻҰ֮צƶٵ֮˳֮ǡ
ڶδ½֮УѾɸ֮һҶľ棬ֻʣһ֮ǿֵŸ֮ԽԽѹ
ɳ˰Ϊʹߣǰ֮н档
֮ڿ֮֮ܲĬãճһ̾ص˺֮档
ãӦ˺֮һϵ֮󣬺֮Ҳ֮ǣΪ˸֮ǵһ֡ΪҲȢ˺۹ʿΪޡ
ʱţת˲ȥ
һ۵ĸۿ֮ϣͣһҳǧףߴＸʮףɢźɫ·ĵľ޴
ôĴ濴һҾ޴֮һĨ֮ɫ
׷֮͸¶һ԰ǴĶװ̴ⶡװ̴ʹõʮħƿزħľɡشһʮǧİʮ֡רŽжԾħƬĴδ½кóס
г𺳣ֻǶװ̴𣿴ǿ󣡡
ͨ׷죬Ѿ֪֮λ½һЩſ
ޱߣӵʮݡʮݡÿһӵһֱÿһӵʮֱʮֱ
ÿһһֱ϶Ƕδ½ʮϡݵֱҲڶδ½屶
кóװ̴һΪұĸȼһĿ纣óװ̴ĸȼ̴֮⣬һЩװ̴óס
ǰһҵ춼ʮѵľ޴װ̴ֻǴһװ̴ˡ
½Ĵȣδ½˶һȺⶡװ̴ʮ֮һĴ󴬶첻
׹ӣ⼸λǣ
һƤڣĸߴ󣬺ɫ̷Ϣ˹Թſ׷ʵ
׷֣ܵһλҵĺ棬ʯѩֵܣǿŵĴ֣
һ汾ǰ½ֻʯѩһˡ֪Լʵڴ㲻ʲôŹǰʲô£Ҳ֮󼪣κǣҡ
ʯѩΪδ½ĸطʵ̫ʯѩڶδ½ֻװ˷츳ֻǰǿطܹһ츳ɳá
ڶδ½Įʯѩܹڶ̶̲ʱ޵Уֱӽʿ츳֮ǿ֪治Ըװ˷츳
΢Цã֣
֣ɨһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬һٵӣáȻǿ׹ӵѣƱѿɲ⡣
΢΢һЦһָ֣֪ǧħʯһˡǰǧħʯ㡣
֣ӹһöָһɨǽָȻֱӶʯѩǵƣҪŪˡڹؼʱҲһ
ӹƿһֻۣ֮µķģɢһصȻҲһر
֣һȻħΣأڴϣҪҵģܡߣҪǲܹӶҿɲܹ֤ǵİȫ
浭֪
ħΣأҲ֪ĺ֮УвǿʿҲ䡣Ȼ
ֶ֣油˵һЩħĽ֮ȥ
ſ׷ֱӵһҾ޴š
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֣һŭһâǿŴϵˮ֣һɿǿŵϷҿһǿޱȵ·һͷһ㣬ȥ
ǿŵǿһĨʧҴǻģ
׷΢Цĳ˵ǻãҿϣӡһͷսǿʿıħꡣһҴϵдԱע֮ҿűǿʿĿֲս
һװ̴ͿԱǿʿĿֲսٴαǿ𺳡
Ǻ֮ϼۣٶȼ죬·Ԧŷһ㣬ˮƿءܹԼһ£ǿŵٶȾǸߴٶÿСʱǵĸٶȵʮ
ں֮Укˮ谭ٶһ㶼̫ߡǷ֮£ȫڵ֮ϵĳʶզࡣͬʱ˿ٶȺ֮£ҴȻȶޱȣ˿ûлζǴϾ½һûκβʡ


193 ȳ
ʮ֮һƬ֮󣬿һͣ
֮ϵĴԱǴӿ֮ϳһͷͷţֱӶ˺֮С
һɹǿޱȵǺɢ
һͷһͷɫۼףʮףԵĺִӺ֮ԾſѪڣЩţһҧ·ҧһſһ㽫һͷͷֱҧ顣һɹļĿֲЩֵ֮ɢ
濴һӺ֮Ծĺ֣Ŀ֮һĨغͼɵ֮ɫ
Ǻ֮ԾĺߴＸǼͷļǿʿҲҪΪ֮ɵ֡
׷ƬħԵĵ̣κ˹˺򣬶Ҫ׼ǽʳǾͻᷢ½ϣͳΪҴԶӵϧھħ棬ҪɱǻǱȽѵġ
֣غͬʱĿһۣ¶һ˿棺κ˲ߣЩԵ𣬻ὫߵҲΪǵ
֣д꣬ͬĴδ½ʶˡһɫɫ˸ľ棬д޴鷳ΪˣŻȡ߰ĴƱѣżܾ̫ϴ
浭ȻһЦЩļħĬĬʲô
Щħ̳㹻ţ֮Ǳ˺֮С
𺽣
֣һǿɢһɿ弶Ŀֲ˷ɢȥ
ǾۼһȺħŷ׷ɢȥû˺
ſ绷ƣ緫Զʻȥ
׷͵źķǧʱһȽϰȫĺߡħ֮УеĵطΪֲ鲼弶»ʿ룬о޴Σա
ĬĬͷ

żããĺ֮С
Ȼ֮䣬ƮһƬɫơ
ãս׼
֣Ȼɫ䣬ȵһ޽ӽǿʿĿֲ˲֮б
ǿ֮ϣеˮһ±ֲһ³Яرޱȵա
ĬĬĸӦǿ֮ˮǵʵʿʮʿǧʮʿⶡװ̴ˮʵǿþˣ
ʿǿڶδ½Ѿ֮ǰ½⡣ʿǿֻ߽ǿϵСͷĿˡ
ֻ֮УһͷͷСͷ­峤һңһԻȳִ󣬳ֻצһĹγһƴ֮з
֣ȳ棬Ǿħ֮ײеһֳǵĳ嶼ӵжĿֲսµǣȺСȺҲߴʮ򡣾ǿʿǣҲʮͷۡηһҲԶǽ˺ûϵԸǡ
֮еĺȳ棬Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ڶδ½ʱӵа8ս˻Щȳپ١һǰ½߿ûа8ս˻вп
ĺȳſ˹
֣һŭХһָϵ˲ʩչһȻյĺȳֱ˹ȥ
ž
һһûյĺȳ֮У㴫һžĴ֮ƬƬĺȳ汻ճɻҡ
֮ϵˮҲһͣطػרͷػǲʩչһĻϵյĺȳȥ
һ㣬һŻзɳǺȳϽһͷͷȳֱըɷɻҡÿɱһͷȳ棬ܹоһ˿˿ɱ¾ħڵǿɱ¾Ե
ʯѩת﹦·ΪһССıѩŮ񣬺֮һͷͷȳֱӵڵϣһ
ȻٻʿĻеΪսȴҪԼʵսһͲǸԺ绽꣬ȨĶδ½֮һͨͨĶʿЩеս޽ĵơ
׷ϴЦݣһָһлһƬУȳһֱӽȳɷ顣
Ǽս֮У֣ۼǺȳ漸ɱ֮ȻӵаʿҲԵֵֻܹҧӻһɫƣעǺɫ֮ڡ
ǿһ±һɿֲһտڣһâҫһߴǲտ֮Ǻȳȥ
֮н֯ƣԪطڹ·һһ㡣֮УƬƬĺȳ汻ճɻңء
һһĺȳ˲أյֵסǿͷųĻߣĴųֱӷߡ
Ǻȳһߣǿ֮˶һͬʱһʹİ֮
ǺȳϾ嶼ǶսΪǿȻ֮ϵǿս֮ߣǿϵˮҲ˼˵Ľֻжʮˣ˵ȴмˡ
ʵΪʲôǲʹôΧϵķ
ȳȻǶȴֵסʹôģϵĻ淨һоܹشǡ
׷͵ҲǾħһɡһʹ˴ģϵķͻᱻħǿڸӦkǾͻݻǡȳǿħȽϺõֵˡ
׷棬ΧϵķطǽɡУһʹãͻᱻ׷ɱݡִģɱòҪڴʹáһ̫ķͻὫΪ׼ͨɳǰ׷ɱ㡣Ǵӵв»ʿͽˡ
˼һᣬҲͷ
λ˼Ҳһ۹ͳߣЩͻɱʮϰ˵ͽҲԻɳǰ׷ɱֱЩͽɱΪֹ
˿ڻӴޱʵСķˣʿĸʿǴӷһ߳ġûǻӴķˣͲ買ʿ硣
׷ֲһֻҪעһ㣬Ҫ˿ܼĵطʹС½֮У˴ʿʳĳʿʵ۶йһʳ½йӳ֡½ķͲƵĴδ½Щͬ½Ҳȴδ½Ҫࡣڴδ½ô޴һЩƫƧĵطʹþС
׷ֶһ䣺½Ķһ㶼ѡһЩǿΧСķһĸǷΧ󣬾ͻǿע⣬಻Ҫ鷳


194 ųû
ΪɱƶԼkͳ˧ħ壬ֱӾͷ˼ʮź˵ֱ֮ӴһƬɽ֮Ĩȥֶ̫ײС׷òඣ䡣
Ҳ֪׷˼ʲô΢΢һЦ֪ˣ
ƶķǰ񼶵Ŀֲڣͳ˧ħǿߡǰķkһʱ䣬kԻὫδ½ֵ췭ظú˵kشδ½ڵkҲûпܡ
׷Ļֻһ롣Σͷʹú˵вԻᶯú˵ɱ
棬ڵĴ彫ᱻ޷ֵǿ󹥻Уǰȥ
Ǳųȥڿǰʮŵһ糬ս˲顣
Сģ
涸Ȼɫ䣬һץסԵʯѩſ׷ȥ
׷΢΢һ㶣ת֮䣬˾ȥķ򵹷ɶȥ
һɫĹ֮бб䣬һǿ֮ϡ
ǿŴϵǿʿǿ˲䱬һȫľ޴Ȼ֡
һɫĹһºǾ޴ķ֮ϣǾ޴ķֱžһ׾ٵֱѣɫĹ˳ƺ˿֮ϣֱӺѣը롣
ǿֲ𵴲˷ɢȥϵ˷׷ɿ
ǱصĿҲһ߳һУֱӳû˺ס
Ҳǿֲ𵴲壬ʹѣһѪ׹˺Уԡ
磬ѣ
һĸоӶͷ֮дŴǻ֮˹һ˫ۣͿһʯѩ
滷ΧԼѾ֮УҲ³ǻ֮һֻʽʿܹӵеˮҹ˳һ˿˿ԵԺ
ڲ֮λ棬ʿطõһֻҪÿһ̶֮⻷һʵԽǿҲԽǿӵַ˼ʿӵĻ֮жܹ
һؿڵĴԪ£һ׵ļеսްͺǰ
ʯѩС֣һǰͺļʻ֮ڡ
Ϊδ½֮󣬴Ӻ֮֮ıֿ֮Ūļʬ塣ƶװҪؽЩļʬͳͳΪ˻еսޣЯš
ʯѩʵ磬Ǹô죿ȥ𣿡
ڸħеʱ͵͵Ľ¼
һᣬϵУħΣ̫࣬۷ضδ½ҲʮΣաڵ֮Ѿȿ֮ϵĺԱЩḻĺԱ۷δ½ǰ½ԡ
ϣһ´ǰͺɨ̽ϵͳһǿޱȵ̽Ⲩƣ˷ɢȥ
ҵˣ
״֮ϣʾһĺɫС㡣ʿƶװҪصĹԽѾε󲿷ֵĺ󳬷
ʻǰͺѸٵһĺɫСȥ
׷
һǸĺɫС㣬㿴ǸˮеĿ׷
׷һǰͺһ±ǿһ䱸ս׼
ͨǰͺķ֣ңҵܣ
ǰͺĸʻһ´򿪣׷Ѹٵ˽
׷һмĵл֣лȡȻξΣˡ
ħ棬ûһҺʵĴǿʿҲһ»ʿҲʮΣա潫׷Ǻоȷȷʵʵ൱ھһ
΢Ц֣ˡֻǾ֮ͰˡڻҪȥˣͲ˵ˡ
׷΢΢ͷĬ
ʻǰͺƬ򲻶ϵѰţɢһƬĿˮһһ˳
ھ˼֮󣬷ǿŵĴ֣Ҳ˳־
֣һмֵܣһζˡ㣬⼸ٺˣͽˡӽҵֵˡ˴˸۸㣬ܱҵšҲҰһЩС飬ҷַӿ԰
֣ǷŵһҶװ̴Ĵڴ֮Ҳеλ
΢΢һЦʵ֮Ͱˣ֣ղǵɫĹʲô
֣һĨɬһ̾ǵɫĹҲ֪ʲôҲǿĴڼսನĿΪҶ˿֮ϵĻڣĴΧƬǿڸ֪˳ָһħΣأǾ꣬Ҳ˵˽Ƭ򡣡
֣һȻֵܣƬѾʮΣաȰ뿪ƬǿԻǿĴڡ
ǰ½а취
û⣬оħĺͼֻҪźͼҾͿԴͨȷĺߣǰ½
֣ӻһʵĵͼǵͼ֮Ÿϸߣһϸ֮ϣһ㣬Ǹһڵλá
濴һʺͼһۣǵλãѾھ½֮һ·̡
ʻŰͺָ֣½ķʻȥ
ͷͺƶװҪصȫװɢŵİͺ޼ļھħ֮УҲǲĴڣЩͼĺ󳬷һӦ׷˱ܡ
Ƭ֮󣬸ոսһƬ򲻾ãһͷ峤ߴʮףźɫۼף첿һֻìļħһµ˰ͺǰһޱȵ
Ϊ󳬷ͨڽз룡
ΪʲôǵҪǿսǻ˺ƬȻԵ
ǰͺڲһ´
׷̾Ȼ󳬷ͨﶼᡣ֣Ǹ֮ǵʿҹĿ࿴
֣˫۷Źû󳬷ҲǻҲӵһͨԣһֱûգֵܣȵ˴ܷһ׷رǣ
ҿһ°ɣ΢΢һЦ
Ǻ󳬷ͨǶδ½֮һרо󳬷ԵĴʿ֪ʶ֪ʶʮƫƧ޷ʿΪû˻ȥѧϰ潫֮ɨԵݿУֳЧ
ÿһλ桢ÿһ綼о콾츳ţоŲ֪ͬʶЩ֪ʶȥҲ·ƫƧãöԵطȴмĺô


195 ħӥ
λѣ·ˡѰһؼҵ·СľǵأʮֱǸ뿪ᶯ
ͷͺһϵеĺ󳬷ͨͬʱһ±һǿޱȵ
ȥɣסĻǵǻһ˺ɷ顣
ͷħͺһֱû˺
ļһ㶼Ѿ˲ѷɫǻۡȻûϵͳԵ֪ʶУЩһ㶼ԵñҪһЩҲ᱾ܵĽȨ⣬вҪ
ȻҲûоһ˵ֻҪ㹻໥֮以ΪйϵЩﻹǻвݵɱΪΪʳ
ͷħߣǼʻ֮˶һ
ͺʵȷʵħҪǿһħأҲֹһħסһ˫սħǾΣˡ
ʻŰͺһֱƯںʮңܹ಻Ҫ
Щǿĺ󳬷󲿷;޴󣬾ס֮ڣûʲôҪḡϡ
Ƭ֮
棡棡弶ħӥƶĿ꣬80%ϵĿǱ
ɫ䵱ȫȫǱ
ħӥ弶սǿʿھħ֮Ըǿĺ󳬷ΪʻİͺֱһĿֲڡ
֮£ǰͺһ壬˴ĺˮź׳ȥ
ֻг뺣ףһвһħӥսûһ˿ʤ㡣
ǰͺոһԶ֮Уһͷչ˰ףܿޱȣһԼ๣˫˫㳤ֻ񵹹צɢŰֲѹħӥ
һͷħӥ·Ԧſһ㣬֮һˡһ㣬Ԧŷ֮ӲĽƿޱȵźȥ
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ط˶츳ڵľŲ١̫Сһֱڼٳȥɱűħʿƶķ׼ֱסˡ
澲ɫ䣬֮һĨη֮ɫȻܹɱħ֣̫ˣ
һȻĿһһ࣬һɿȴʿ۷Ŀֲʱۣһһɱģܰɣ棬Ҫ֪ϷˣսħڵˣҪ۵ġջĻüһʩչƭңôпֱӳ֣նɱ
ħλħʼǿ߿鿹ǿڡkһҲӵǿʿĿֲǵkķ֣˵ɱ˵kš
սħڵŵӣҲ¶˲ƵĿ⣬Ķ档Ȼһֱʮֺƣսħڵӵİ˸ϷˣǣǲǸֱӸɵֵ棬Ҳֻ佱ǣ
ȻɷɭϵĴ棬ʮȻȻӵвȨҲ֮ͣҪʮŵԭ
˸սħĵطҰ³ֻ·һҲ򼫴ͬĵط
ӱ˵֮λȻһǿʳλ档


199 䶯
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ĬģһָһԶʱϣһɫĹâʱ
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ħʿƶħλ濰ǿڣսħ֮ڣҲֻЩ洫Ӻ̫ϳԸkһսħڵŵҲδܹɵ
ʲôܹɵħʿƶһһʮ˲顣
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ʵʲôˣܹܲȸң׼ѡһ򵥵ģұϾֻжʿΪ
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ĬĬͷҲ֪սħڿ˹أҪһԡ
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ʿҲֻߴʿʵۿ֮ʱȫѹʮλ棬ʮλǿڲòƾʿʳߡ
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û⡣ʵϣλ飬ǲ֮λʿ־ԼԪľ䣬ֱܵЩλ棬ȼ𣬳ΪǸλ顣
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ĿʯѩһɨһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һЦĬģ˫ųâһʯѩϡ
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ƣϽսħڵĶ츳6ϵȵĴڣв츳7ҵľš츳8ȴǷëǣ8ϵȸϡޱȣǧѵһ
츳ȼԽߣܹʵҩ͸١8ϵȵʣиʵҩûκôǾޱأҲʯѩûκô
׷ʯѩ˫ЩԹ8ϵȵʣ棬Һÿడ
8ϵȵʣžǧѵһĴڡ׷һ뵽žȻԼ߻ȥ͸оһ
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սħڵ̫ϳ֮һʵǿޱȡܹΪ״ӣսħ洫Ӷʮֿ飬͸սħڵŵˡ
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ͨҲͰˡ8ϵȵʼֱ֮еҲǧѵһš
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һҲսħ֮ڵ̫ϳ֮һʵǿޱȣ顣
һ˿ΪһЦ׷·;֮ϣֻʦͽûŮ֮֡Ҳģ
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սħڵŵӶʱһʵü˫Ƕ츳6ϵţܹΪʿѾʮֲףҪΪǿʿء»ʿǸ붼롣»ʿ֮ϵʿڴ֮Ҳǿߣӵгߵĵλʵ顣


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汾ȷʵֲþǿ飬ȼĻҲ޷ֳĻû֧֣̫ĻԻᾫѣ񾭲
ҲԷֳһ˵΢һ㶼ֳֻһ߻Ϊk޷ָ֧Ļڡ
汾ҽɨ裡
棬ԣ1.11.31.21.6
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ʣ6ϵȡ
ۺ0Ǳ󣡡
עոսѣ괦״ָ̬Լָȫ֮ǰ˽ʿ
ԼͶ뻯֮ıٴαͨˡȴӵĿܣΪʿ֮·˼ʵĻڶδ½֮չεƸɽΪһʽʿ
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乭һ䣬ֻʸͬһȥ
ֻʸһ˲䣬һǿޱȵŤȻ֣΢΢һֱӽֻʸĵɿ
˹һĻпˡٵɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣһĨԤС
ûбУٵЩ
ֱ壬һԼ·ƿڣһЩˡͨ˴Сϧ֮ʵ̫ûд漶Ҫɱңܡ
洩Ŵ漶رսףŴ漶رε֮ġŴ漶ķָʥػ漶رػ֮£Ǵ漶Ĵֳִ̿漶ذײܹ͵Ϯ˲ɱ
ɫһףһںޱˣĴ˫֮һ¹˵ϣϥжȥԲһжҵģħʦүһж˱ҵģ㣬һɣҲģⶼôɵġ
п˫֮һĨâһŭޣӣһϣжʮˣħʦǿǶʮһܹɵ
ǶʮӶжһĨ׹⣬п˵Ĵ֮£ֱ
浭һЦһһֱ˵¡
һâҫһѸٵʮ̵ǶʮӶһֱӽǶʮӶһסޱȵĵһ´ǵڣǷʹޱȵİ֮
ǱӶųпˣҲһ֮ھͱĲƣޱȵĲҽ֮
һԵĿٺͰװٺӶ˻Ҫ˵Ůսʿɫʮֲ԰ףһĨ־֮ɫֳԶԶǵ
ҩ˷ЩϧȱֿáǿϺˡ
ȡһҺ̬ҩЩϧ
һǰλ棬˳׼Һ̬ҩʹֻ
ڶδ½Һ̬ҩҲֻΪ߲ṩĸƷһֻҺ̬ҩڣͿƾЩ׻ഺ֮ǰòԶԼ䣬ʮܵŮԵϲӦ
ֻҺ̬ҩڷλһƶװҪ֮ǰõһֻһֻ޷䡣
浭ЩħҩֻҪЩħҩڣһҵ˼ͻԱڣҴ󷢴ȱѡ񣬴򲻴ҩҸʮʱ俼ǡ10
ٵϵҴ򣡲뽫ħҩңħʦү
˻Ҫ˵İװٺӶŮսʿҲڵϹ뽫ħҩңħʦү
Ҳ㣬Ҵ򣡡
ħʦүЩħҩ͸ң
ǱӶŵսʿҲɵӣ׷׿ధ
ҲһƬ֮УһֻֻҺ̬ҩֱӴǵڡ
շֻӶ֮׼˹˳ǵķƶ


203 ׼˹˳
׼˹˳λ˵۹۹Ī˹۹۹ĽԵĪ˹۹һǡ
׼˹˳ǵ˿ʮַ֧׼˹˳ǵķõľޱȵūóס
˵۹۹Ī˹۹۹꿪սս߾ͻΪūūǴ׼˹˳档
ͬʱ岶ūҲû˵۹뾫۹׽˺;з
׼˹˳ǾĪ˹۹ūó֮ǡ
ǽʮ׸ߣˣ濴ֻʮ׸ߵĳǽĬĬĸ̾һ䡣
ڴ֮Уصĳгǽ϶ڰ׸ϣұ鲼ʿɭޱȡ
׼˹˳Ī˹۹ūó֮ǣǽֻʮ׸ߣʹеţһܹ׼˹˳ǳǽֱӶ¡
վסʾǵ֤
һ׼˹˳ǳſڵʱ򣬼սʿֱ
ָһţһȵĻ򣬱С
Ǽսʿɫһ䣬ԭħʦˣʧˣ
һսʿæ˳ŵƽóһ·˽ڡ
һսʿһֱۣ˸λųѸȥ
׼˹˳һķ֮ڡ
һķ֣һ˫С۾ȴžâһǵ˫һ䣬սʿʵʲô˵һûħµħʦ׼˹˳ˣ
սʿûķүħʦߣŶʮӶŮӶʮӶ
ķһöһ׸սʿȤˣˣ
սʿһϲɫӹöңֱȥʮָлķү
ķ˫һ䣬һĨĹâһûħʦµħʦǸոմĳħʦѧɹħʦһܺõͶʶ󡣡
ûκԥķԲͬԼĽýִȥ
׼˹˳ԶľԳҪö࣬˿Ҳö࣬Եʮֵַϵɼֳ󲿷ȴģū
ΪԼҰ֣ӵв̬󲿷̬ˡҰǸַ·ҰУֽţӵвǻ۵Ұˡ
λ壬ֻٲҰ塣Ƿλı񡣶ЩҰǵ֮λʿλĳ˵۹Ҳͳεĵ۹ҰȨ
δ½ֱ֮Ϊ֣ЩҰһֿڶδ½֮У巴塣Ϊ϶δ½Щ嶼Ϲʿӷλȥĳ
濴ŵ壬һʮĸо
׼˹˳˲ãķʮӭ
ķ¶һ˿崺Цݵãħʦˣ¼׼˹˳ǵķֲ߼ķ¼ӵ׼˹˳õĻԴǾ֮ĺŮǶܹΪŪ֡ǾǴֵľʹѪ˺ŮЩѪİ뾫ͻѪİˡҪǵķ𣿡
־ʹѪ˺ŮŮԡܵ˵۹;۹ıҪŪʮѡĻѪ뾫顢ĻѪˣܵ˵۹;۹ı
׼˹˳ǵū඼ʮֺģ뾫ͻѪİ˵ŴѪʹѪۣ׬ȡ޴Ĳۡ
΢΢һЦҽ룬ӦҪǵķ񣡡
һ漶رټϴԪŵļＶĻеսޣǰǿ֣߳ûܹɱ
ķЦôˣ
߱ĵūҪԺȣܹ򵽴ʳ𣿡
ķһŷЦһŻһʶˡ¼Ī˹۹ʮ֮һˣǧʳõʳҲֻܹ֡
𣿡
ķЩ˵ʲôط
˵۹һȱʳÿ궼ҪĪ˹۹˽ʳĪ˹۹һϴ˽ķҲòһݾ֮ġ
浭ԭҪںԭǣ
ԭû⣡ʲôҪںԭǣķʱһˣԭǱ߻ޱȣûʲôزҲûʲôֻһЩĵؾǿܵؾ¼壬ȫûʲôֵ
ԭһλĪ˹۹̩̹۹˵۹۹Ĵ۹紦һƬޱȵĻԭƬԭֻһӹᴩԭ
Ӹ֮⣬ĵطɺֻ꣬һЩͰĹľͽȱˮԴһʺĵطűĴ۹
Ҳû˴Ƭԭ⣬һȱˮԴ˴ùˡҪԶˮǺԭһ޴Ḷ́ҪķǮҳˮԴ֮⣬ʳԭʳҪｨǣÿͬҪĽǮʳ֮ϣɽá
ԭֵóƵĵطǵλԽԾĴ۹Ĵ۹нסҲǵλ֮ϣĴ۹ȻԸںԭǣһǺԭǳɹͱض޴ľס⼦ߵĵطЩǿע⡣
浭һЦǮҸˡ
˵ħʦһЩϡŹֵˣڿǲ١ķиһ䣬ȴӹ
ǮԵĴǼķūϲĿͻ
˫۳죬˻⡣Ҫ֪һǮԣˬޱȵĴŪɧȥˡ
ķһ޴ūг档
Ǿ޴ūг棬洦ɼһ壬㲵ˡˡ뾫顢ȸָū
˶վЩūǽͷ㣬ѡԼϲū
һĻüͷ΢΢һ壬ľ΢΢ЩӦʮǣͰһ㲻ӦԺ
ķˣҪʲôūŮսʿǹܼңѧߡ֮˲ţ
ҪսʿҪߣսǿսʿ
ܺãոսһϵȵĻɫһϲķһ·Ը˼䣬΢ЦǸūгȥ
ķܿһ޴֮ǰ棬װٶֻǳһţβͣĿ࣬ͷ19ϵǰ
ķһʮѪţˣǵʮָɾ˵۹һֻūץǵģȥԲκ⡣ţİʵֻҪԼѵһ£Ǻܺõİ˻


204 ū
Ǯ
ķˬޱȵÿ30ңһʮˣ9000Һˣ
һĿ࣬Լʮҵţһǰ˫ۺᣬధλˣǡҿ󷢴ȱҲǵļˡܹǵļˣҰͲ巢ģԸһ壬ΪЧս
һʮţҲ˹һ¹˵ϣ治ϿͷͷĳѪˡ
һ岢ûӻǵĵλΪ¡໹˶ΪԼͬĲԣɻһס
ʵǵļȫҪǮ
ķ΢Цǵļ˻϶棬ҲͼɫĴŮֵǮֿӦܹ2100ңҪĻ2000ҾС
浭ȫˣѡ֮һ𸶿
ķЦǣ
ȻһԵһ޴һָЩô
ָŵǸ޴棬󺺡ڶδ½Ҳḻһ۾Ϳ󺺾ǳӣǾһ֡˫ǷϲѾ˴롣
ķɨһ۵Ľ֮ǰܾסͶԼ˽ˡūĽǵʵǲӵʿΪǵĶϵˣ˫ÿֶֻնָֻѾǷһȺֻʺϳΪǵгūҪǿսʿ
ߵĽ֮ǰҽһħʦǣҪΪгȥΪսʿΪҶսӵսʿϣսʿݻȥ
Ļ֮˫Ŀеȼһ˿
Ϊ׵󺺿̧˫ۣѾϵ˶Ϊ˫ÿһֵָֻնҲ޷ýħʦˣʲôΪս
еĹâʱΪ֮һڵʵһͨ˶ܹǻܡ
浭Ȼϵ˶ָǵ֪ʶûбȡߡҪΪһ֧ܹںԭ֮սʤκС͵ǿľӡһħʦħһ;Ī⣬ǻָָҲǲܵ顣
۾һһʿ񣺡ȻˣԸΪЧ
ʿҲһʿǵ˫֮жһ˿ΪϣĹâ
ٸˣҶҪˡ㿪۰ɣ
ķ۾΢΢һˣȻǶϵķһĿ࣬ʵĪ˹۹ٹ˶ϲг衣ȥЩ˵ĻÿһһٽϡʿܹǧϡˣɾҪҡ
ңû⣡
սʿūг棬ɢɢѡѡʮūսʿūսʿϡ
ķˣճӦһЩȥһ֮еŮҪ𣿡
Ǿȥɣ
ڼķĴ֮£洩սʿūг˺󷽵Ůūūг档
һǧң
һǧһٽң

ոһŮūūг棬㴫һĽһȥģǾۼһŮūūг̨Ĵе
̨һֻ̨վһԼʮ꣬һԾ䣬òŮŮߣվһԼʮһ꣬òһٸ飬һԾٸ
ķѵǺū뾫۹أѾ޴Ĵۣ׽һԴѪĸŮǸСŮǴŮˣҲǸȤ𣿾۹ɲǺǵģҪںǽǣһȾ۹˷ŮūЩԲŹġ
ĵûа취浭5000ң
5000ҵı֮ЩȵĹЩ侲һĿ⼯ϡ
5000ңѾСĿѾԹһٶţĽ׳ūһЩͨİ˴Ůļ۸Ҳ510ҡ
һңһĿ߱ǣĸߴ˫۸ףһɫȣһͷɨһۣɭɭвĸŮҰؼĽоˣ˭
һɫȵһвڳĹһüͷһ壬ĬԸۡ
̨֮ԭЦеūһ±˿һεģ
ķɫ΢΢һ䣬ѵˣؼĪ˹۹Ĵ֮һؼļһ۹ˡ˽ǿ
Ī˹۹ǿޱȣһ͸ҺȻ˽һǿ۹ĴΪǿֲ˿һЩСĹ
һǧңżķ΢΢ͷɨ˽оһۣһЦеһм۸ߵáоҪûǮͱɣ
оһĨ֮ɫɨվߵļķһۣĿ΢΢һһ˿Цݵܺãʲô֣ĸ壿
浭һЦһħʦ
ħʦ
ﾹȻһħʦˣ

Щɫһ䣬жһĨɵ֮ɫ
оɫҲȻһ䣬һ˿ЦݵԭħʦˣȻϲҾøˡ
ħʦһֶιĪ⣬ǿޱȡϢŪһ˸һЩǶԸԵ޹ʵһ˿ֲĴڡ
һԵļķһĻ۾΢΢һȡΪ¼ŵ֮һӵеĽǮ嶼ҪöࡣЩȻһ¼ƽҲֻӵǿħʦпЩ߰Ĺǵͷ
û˸ҳۣ׾ٵľһԾĸŮ
ķǰūн棬Լ뿪֮ǰˣȻǰԼūֿ⡣
ǴϵȻɫÿһǾϸѡϸѵӵйѪͳŮ϶ǴŮҺòײŪֵһϵȻɫҪ֪Ҫұ֮ŪĴŮǶôѵһ¡
ķһ֮ǰǾ޴֮һָЩԺ
ϸȥֻǸһҲԵʮָɾûһ˿ζˮ
һЩΣʮŮʲ׵ŮӴЩ֮ǰһƯķ羰ߡ
ĬĬĸ̾һ䣺ʮУг״ԪūҲ֪װԼƷˡ
ЩƯƯֵŮԭҲֻ߰˷ôһ磬Եа˾ŷЩŮЩͷ桢˫񡢳ŮūҪ˿˳۵öࡣ
ʵǮһ
400һķһæһŮŮūֵôǮǳӵйѪͳʲףŶַ˵ļܡŮЩǵĻӭ400һĲҰŪָĳɱߣ۸Ĳܹٵˡ
һĸԸУһ̴һֱб콫ӣƿŮһλүЩŮŮͳȣܷһͬߣֻҪǴߣǽ߾һĶ顣
濴һֻ棬еŮһ߿ȴûһ˲죬ȻЩŮ֮еλߣЩŮѵأЩֱţصŮҪǿ౶
ãȫˡˬһһ͵ħʯУֱʯղգ
ķһĨϲ֮ɫæǣħ֮ʯգգһħ֮ʯҳ500ңô600ÿ顣ܹۣ۸񻹿Ժú
ħʯڷλֱ֮Ϊħ֮ʯһʮϡٵԴ֮λʿ֧λʱ򣬼λħʯͳͳŪ˲֮λ棬˷λħʯѷľ档
Щ߾֮ڵķȫŪߵȼħ˶ڷλħʯѷľ棬ûг֡
ħʯ̺ŵħܲʿкôǶʿħʦ³̿͵಻ͬϵ߶кôλ֮һʮԴ
и̾λóףһһȥǽ򱶵󡣹ֲò֮λʿ̽λ档
ڴ֮ڣһ͵ħʯżֵһöңڷλһö͵ħʯԶһ600ϡ͵ħʯ˵λ棬ٽƽ֮λ棬һһأǼ򱶵


205 
ȻλóֲͬɱҲǴþˡһͨλλ֮·ҪΪλħҪϡޱȵԴ»ʿϵǿʿ֣пܽһλ֮·
˴ʿʳʱһλ֮·ᴩλ棬ͨЩλ֮·ͱѹλ档
ڰʿʳ֮󣬸λ׷壬ݻԼλ֮ͨλλ֮·һЩλ֮·֣ͻٱݻٵķաЩͬսħյλ֮·Ȼᱻħʯ˽óС顣
ƴֵҾħ֮ʯ˰ɣܹħ֮ʯ˵
ΪܹڷλѸٵĴһ棬˶ʮڵ͵ħʯʮڽϣ͵ħʯ㲻ʲô
ķһɺˬģˬǺˬɣһħ֮ʯҰ700㡣ū72365ҡֱĨȥͷ7ҡֻҪ֧һٿħ֮ʯС
浭һЦûж˵ʲôһףһװһٿ͵ħʯĲֱӷ˼ķС
ʵϣһ͵ħʯڷλ۵ļ۸һ800ϣ˵һЩĵطЩ1000ϵĸ߼ۡ
ķôѾֺ棬ҲΪ׬ǮȻ֮ƽϡЩͷ˭ΪϤ£
ķһüЦæǲץһ⣬׬ϡҳħʯܹ׬һʣ԰չ
ÿһħʦǸɵйƶ⡣仰˵ȷˣ
ķҡҡеĲħʯײֵ˫һ䣬¶һοЦݡΪԼӢҲѡ
ζ׼һǧʳµʳЩūҪ·סֻҪúãһħ֮ʯˣ
ķһ˷˫۶·ħʯ״ˣġҾԻŵ׵
ķ׼˹˳֮ȷʵӴޱȣܿŪһԺӣūͳͳ˽ȥ
ֱӶ˵ʮħʯֱӽһܹװһǧ˵ĴԺֱ
׼˹˳֮ūóޱȣЩūҲҪиūסĵطŻӵЩһڼĴԺӡ
ǴԺһķڡ
һŴϣǰվǰͲˡ
һֻӣ¶ֻҺ̬ҩһħʦڵ֤ҳϵʱ棬ֻħҩעǵڣһһҲһб֮ģֻħҩҲɱǡǣ
Ѳ⣬ɲΪԼӵô˸ūƴ׷档
ʵϣūūĪ˹۹żʣūļ۸ûôߡ
ǣˣ
ȺԥһֻҺ̬ҩһֻҺ̬ҩʱһҩֱӷһ֮ϣһɫҺ̬ҩڡ
ͲһĻûԥǰһһֻҺ̬ҩֻҩֱͬǵֱ֮ϣҩעǵڡ
ܺãҺܸûѡڣ˼֤漣ʱ򣡡΢΢һЦһָ
ȶʱϵİ̺΢΢һӿªޱȵİ̺۷·һֻ֮һ˺¶ѩ۵ļûªޱȵİ̺ۣȶʱһ˿һ۶ᷢجεĳŮһԸУʲĶŮ
Ͳİ̺ʧˣ
΢΢һЩţ̺ʧˣ
ָһһֻʦ֮ץһ澵ӣһ³ȵǰ
ȿžűֻٵѾָԭ־ϲ˸ӵĸ顣
ħʦ̫ˣ
һĻг𺳡һ̣˫һȣָ֮һһճѪָǹޱȵĳ˳ȻѪѸٵĸǣָγµָ
µָ֮󣬿ֻһʹǱݻٵľһصѨ̼˵ǿһ±һǿޱȵĶ˲ӿ
лˣ޸ҵ壬ָҵĶԸ߾һΪЧ
鼤һ¹ǰһЧʿ֮г˼
ѡͶ棬ҲֻǱƲѣʹȻûбͶѡ۷
ʩµĲ֮
ͲҲȻһȣǱһ±һǿޱȵĶ֮ӿֱΪʿǿߡ
ͲţͺܺãΪʺһ֮оųϵĲûķšһֱǻڸ߼սʿĳ̶ȣЩҺ̬һ´ֱ̼ͻǲϣΪʿǿߡ
ҰͲҲ˶ˣͨ󣬰ͲˣͲҲһϲһſڵϵ
Ҳӯӯһݵлˣ޸ҵòԸΪ˽߾һŬЧΪճ
ʶǹĪֶ֮Ϊ֮۷
ѸٵһϵеİţȻȳΪܹܡͲΪţ˵ͷ졣ǳΪūսʿ죬ͳūսʿ
ڿĿ֮£ҲһһĽעҺ̬ҩָǵʵ޸ǵ֫塣
ĽʿǿߣʮʿǿʿǿߣʵΪ
Ҫ֪пˡӶŵųֻӵи߼սʿʵ
Ľһ³Ϊǿһֻ
׼˹˳ڵ룬һƬɻԻͣһĽľ޴ȺǾ޴Ⱥ֮йϵ
ǹϵԶһȻȻɺģȴƫСһǾħŮ˿ܽ
ϵ̩̹ϵǷλϵĪ˹۹̩̹۹ֱ𹩷ϵ̩̹ϵϵҲĪ˹۹ػ̩̹ϵ̩̹۹ػ
ϵ̩̹ϵ֮⣬һЩϵ飬һЩϵ֮⣬ͽϡٵĶ顣
֮УħŮ˿ܽǿ֮һλ漸ħħʦħŮ˿ܽͽħ֮нħʩչ
ϵǿϵҲòħŮ˿ܽԼΧ֮ڴ̣ȻĹģԲܳϵ


206 ͽ
ħŮ˿ܽǰϸĿһۣ΢΢ͷ̤档
һʦߵǰ΢Ц𾴵ãʲô𣿡
һһħʦħʼгɵħʦɽ֮ڣһֱΰħŮ˿ܽͽҷ׸Ůĳ⣬¡
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һصԼңͿҴԱŮһһСˣСľ¿ɰʮۣūг֮Ϲ򵽵ĴѪĸŮ
һ뷿䣬òΪľٸԼŮ֮ǰʮ־Ŀ棬֮г˾֮ɫ
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ŮԾһǣİҽϣҵŮݡ𾴵ħʦˣҿԷκҵŮȥ𣿡
һ򽾰ʮֿࡣΪԼŮһ򽾰ޱȵϣҲòԼͷ­
¶һ˿ʵŮǾĸģԾһģ
λĴѪһλĸߵȾ顣ǸߵȾλѵĺڰջڰŮ˿ļ𲿶ӡһֻ𲿶λ֮󣬱ҪڰԼŮ˿˿ʮֽƻͶʿʳʿʳ֮еǿ߱ӻҲͲ֮
һֻߵȾɳļ𲿶֮еǿҲʱ֮У˼뷢䣬ѡڷλȼֱӷ񣬿˷λľϵ
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ѪǶ԰ʮרһһȷϵͻһգ䣬ˣҲԲѰһˡ
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ĸǴѪյһѪһҪӣͿԳԼһ뾫ѪͨطǾĸաԼĸ֮ǾĸͻᵮһŹʵǿŹʵᵮһĴѪ顣
ĸǾ۹ı֮һ己ܵĸ֮ķھͥ档ֻҪĴѪ飬ܹǰͥҪһӡ
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ֻҲ滹Ҫ󼸱СԼĸĿ棬ɰޱȡ
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208 
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׼˹˳еƴ̽ķѾ޴ĴۣڴӰ̵Ŀд̽ħʦ֮׼˹˴Ƶ̴ٰᡣĿǰֻһЩŽӵ뺯
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209 ɱ
֮һ̶ֻӴ׼˹˳ǳźԭķȥ
ⲻʮʱ䣬µūһ±ǵһǧ߰ٶˣӶһЩ򡢳ˣ̶ֻߴǧˡ
ȻѾ׼˹˳湺˴ĸ䵱ǧ˵ƶٶȻʮֻ
һĵĿⶢֻӴĳźԭķƶ
һ·֮ϣƽ޲׼˹˳Ī˹۹ı߾У⸽ûһֻĿŵϮһֻӵдħʦĳӡ
ֻӴ̶ʮ죬ԭĪ˹۹ı߳ǡ
ʾһļһб˳ͨ˹ؿ
ûе۹ȷ֮ǰĪ˹۹ı߽Ҳһħʦ
˱߹أ֮һƬտޱȣηֻһЩɢľĴɢ䣬鲼Ļԭ
Ǻԭһ߼ʣɫֻԭ֮סǲŻ֪ƬԭжôĲпᡣһƬɺ꣬ûʲôˮԴأ޷κʳֻһЩϡٵĹľ֮гһЩɬĽ
ᴩԭΧҲ޷ֲ̫·һƬĴء
һƬߵĺԭһĨʵˣҪǣǱȻȱˮԴǾЩײеĺŵǣʮΣա
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ЩūһĿɿڴԼ۾
֮һĨʣĳȣ̫ˣǴħʦ̫ǿˣ
ϣüͷ΢΢һ壬ӿһĨ棺ħʦôõĺǾһյֲħΨһͬǣʹõֲ˱Űɱԣһа
ѪħǶδ½ڰһɱ¾սΪǿаλȴǵһչֳײе
׷
һ£Щ˹ȥ
һʩչʮ0Ϸһ֩һİɫƾն֣һЩϣЩһͬճһֱճ
һ棬ͽʮֱ
׼˹˳ǲûϺõľͨƥ׷ЩҲֻܹʮ¡
ЩѪħһָЩԭҪһͬɵѪħٶʱһͣȻһֱӷѱöӣɻС


210 һҹǣ漣֮
ѪħֲֳһͱɴѪ⡣ܹɴѪ⣬ڽʹ֮󣬿ԾɱѳΪöӡûɹ㹻Ѫ⣬ǻֱӿήɻҡ
ڶδ½ĵ֮УڰǶὫԼԶʧȥ;ūѪħ֮Уֲֿĳֲ
ƿضδ½ĺڰ֮Ҳյֶѧ˸ɸɾ
ڳ˿漸һ֮ݻǧײޱȵ˵۹жһĨη֮ɫͬʱΪԼĽ˼ġ
ԭһ䡣
̩˹գȻɫ䣬ʧͭǲˣ
˫Ų֮ɫôܣͭǲЩǿǧ׺ޱȡԭ֮в֪ж̶ǵСǧǺҲķλĸɾˣôˣ׷ʲô
̩˹Ŀ⸴ӳһ̾Ҳֻ֪֪ͭǲˣ
˫۳죬ͭǲһСȥ͵Ϯô
̩˹΢΢ҡͷʮǵ̫ΣգħʦȻܹɵĻͭǲȥ͵ϮδĶ̫֡ˣ
ɶ񣡣
ƿڴһ䣬ݺݵĶһ½š
һֻɫķһ·ɵ˽¼ϡ
۾΢΢һֻɫķ֮ϣһȡһŰɫֽǰɫֽ˺һᣬ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǲˡʦʵԽǿԽãΪ쾫۹˾Ҫˡ
̩˹Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⣺ûʵԽǿԽãҪ̫ˣ鷳ˡ
ҹĻ٣ضһƬڰ֮С
ͬһӪ֮ӳӪصԱߡ
һӣһֲӷ׷׷ա
˫֮һĨâһؿڣĻе۷ɳ׼ȷޱȵİһӣ˵֮ϡ
ȡһһ㣬ֱſһɫħ۴ǲ֮зɳӭƮЩӷȥ
ɫħ۷ɹЩӶʱޱȵѸٵķѿϵŵȥֲ£ͬʱ߳һֱʮ׸Ϊֹ
Ļе۷һ˴Ԫ档
ȡһԪһͷħҼħ޵ĻеսȻ֡
ͷħҼħ޻ӿһӣһӴ֮Ԫزִأ죬Ǹߴʮ׵֮ϡ
ȡһ򿪣ָһһźɫĸֻħȻɳǱǵ֮ϣЩһ±ѸۣüӲ֡
ָֻħǴһЩ׷ʹõĲϣڱԭ֮ϡ
һâҫ֮£һߴʮףֱʮĳǽǺڰ֮Ϣĳ͡
ڶ峿ء
ǣǣҿһУһУ
һ֮ȻӪը
ʲô£ǣʲôǣ
ϣһ۾ʮ־ĴΧԥһᣬǣȻ˯ʵС֣ȥʲôʱ뿪ԼŮ
һ뿪Ӫأϣ㿴һǽߴʮףֱߴʮľ޳ǳǰ
ϣĿɿڴһţ⣬޳ǣûеģʲôȻܹһҹ֮䣬һΰľ޳ǣ
ΰ齵ٵʾ񼣣
ûΰǣµ񼣣

ǶȻֵΰ޳ǣūǶӣ˵ϣĬĬŸģԼľꡣ
ΰʦΰʦУһҹ֮佨漣֮ǣڣ֣л漣ĳ
ԭĽսʿֱߵߣȵ
лΰʦлл漣֮ǡڷ֮࣬һ֮ϵĸлĶͣ
ȶʱʹͷޱȵеĴ֮£ЩŮҲһһʼĻǵĸȾ֮£ЩūҲһʼǵˡ
ڳĳ֮£ǳ滺˳һʥĹâʥһ˼顣
浭ҴǵסӽֻҪŬ꣬ҾͻϳǵūݣǻָɣΪҵ񣡡
лΰʦлл漣֮ǡڷ֮࣬һ֮ϵĸлĶͣ
Щūǿһҹֵ漣֮ǣڼŵǵɣǳʥϢ棬ʱм׷׹ڵϣ档
һʥûκιúˣȷʵϬķ
תط˫֮һ˿ɵķâĿЩЩūǵɢһ˿˿֮ϡ
ʵϣЩڷʷ֮ӢۣĬǵ֣Ҳһ˿֮ļӳ֡һЩΪڣλ涼˵ֵĴӢ׵ȼ𣬳Ϊ
ڷλ֮Уķᴫ䡣ЩӵˣпҵһһöֱӽΪ顣
Щūһ˿˿֮ڳ΢΢ûһ壬Щ֮վɢȥ
һĽ̻ᣬϵͽԴԴ֮һĸ
תһΪ漣֮ǵĳлȥ
һֻӴޱȵĳҲʼʰĽ漣֮档
漣֮ǿгǽȴƽ̹ߣûκν
ЩūǱ㿪ʼһЩ򵥵Ľ˶ɵȻ죬гϣ
ûκνϵĺԭ֮ڣһҹ֮侹ȻһУֱ񼣡ŵҲЩūž޴ջ
λ棬ū˵ĲƲūµҲͬū˵ĲƲ˿⴦áɱԼūҲܵκǴ𣬸ӲΥκηɡ
ûһ˻׷ԼūɵȨŵǹͿԻݣȻǼޱȣɾʮ㡣
վڳǽ֮ϣ·Щǣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ڶδ½ʱеһ涼ϽЩԼǱſޣԼʵԹЩūҲһȤζ


211 뱴մ
пˣ
Ȼ΢΢һתԶȥ
Զɫĳһźɫħȫװľսʿ߼۶
ЩսʿȻû뵽ԭ֮ϾȻ漣֮һдڣһͣ˾漣֮һ֮صĵط
һǣ漣֮ǵħʦΪζ
ԭ⻵ˣǵϣݻһ㣡
һΣĻԸУԶͨҪԸö࣬һɫβ봿棬Ը뽿ͬһСŮһľŮһ²Խڶֱȡϵľ鹭һȣֱһ
һֻɫļʸʱɳԽ׵ľ룬һĨ磬һ׵ĵطӶǿֲӶ΢΢Щ졣
۾ûգһ£üͷ΢΢һ壬˵һһţ塣ѵ󣿾ôһ޷𣿡
ЩԭҪǱģǿüͷ嶼һµӣж΢΢һһ䡣
Ϊһͷɫò£˳Ůζüľǰֻ鲿ӵ챴մǾһ嵱Ȼһ޷塣˺ͬˣ˶ѹֽЩɶɱħʦǵõ鱨ūгϹһϣݣǽɡ
˱մĻЩǶݺݵĵһۡ
ЩĹ嶼ӵһĴѪŮūΪ١ѪһǧϣҲ˵Ůūܵѣ޾ྫŮūն³ҡǾ۹ľʹ޵ľЩĲūźū
û⣡΢΢һЦұ뽫ǻǣȻˣǾãҿǺһȥ
մЩϣĿһۡ
ڿǹںԭ漣֮ʱմѾʵڲУֱӳ˵׼սʿûùǵ׼һдħʦפصĳУֱûô׾ͽϣݻǡ
·ľҲԼĶ䡣
ûã漣֮ǵĴŴ򿪡
ϣǣݵСԼͬȥ
ϣ̣ãû°ɣǸû۸ǣ۸ǣҾһ
ڱմߣĻԸУò޾׵ĽŮۣһ³嵽ϣĸŮߣʵ
ϣûУȣʦȷʵǳںģŽĸŮЩūЩ죬һֱǺܺá
ϣĻЩһĿҲû
մǰ΢΢ԶԶһʦʮֱǸһǵ鱨Ϊǵ³çǸʮֳֿĸлǵͬ㻨ѵĽңһ
浭һЦմǵҿ⡣¹ȥȥɡҶŵľһʮĽϣ۹Ĵ˿ű£ܷҵССԸ
մǸֻһССͳ죬ûȨӦ󡣲һὫϱ
΢ЦǾͶлˡ
ԭĿľͲ۹ĴҪ۹ͷһźšԭ֮ڣҪǵ˾۹ôһ鷳
ټ
մһϣĸŮӻԼĶ棬ֱӴЩž۹ķȥ
ǣɲҪʧ
žȥıӰζĵ
Զԭһǡ
̩˹գɫʮѿһ䣺Щ뿪ˣ
¼æʵ뿪ˣǰ𣿡
̩˹üͷûаܣûд
¶ʱһʧ
̩˹˫һһĨâǲûлᣡֻ飡ﲻǾסĴ֣ǺԭܹץֻѪ飬Ǿͷˡ
ڴ֡ɭĵطսΪֲûǶʮսʿĵ뾫սҲֻаһ;ںԭƽ棬ǵսûдôֲ
ʮԥǾǵսǿ
ӵƾõͳǿ츳Ļÿһ˶һǿߡսӣÿһԱӵжǿսʿȫһɱһʿǿߡ
ֻװݵĴѪսӣһֻǿֲ
̩˹촽ޱȵ˺ϱһǧˡʮڿҰ֮ϣĶˡУʮħᣬʮħѧͽѵץס𣿡
ħʦڷλλ󣬼Ϊϡ١ħĴڣڷλΪħѧͽҪȲ֮λΪʿѧͽҪɵö࣬ȻϵΪħѧͽȴ١
³˼һᣬ̧ͷ­˫֮ųɫĹâҲóʮħᣬټеʮħѧͽˣֻҪܹһʣǾͷˣ
Ѫ϶ھ۹ʮϡץ۹סľ֮ɭκûֻҪ̤뾫֮ɭͻᱻ۹ִɱ⡣
Ҫ벶ԵһֻѪ飬ÿūŶҪѪĴۡھ֮ɭಶūʮ֮ޡǾ޴ÿȻҪӾ֮ɭ沶׽Ѫ顣
׼˹˳ϣһԴѪĸŮһǧ£Ϊһħʦû˸ҵһħʦ׼˹˳ūгūļ۸ƫ͡һǧҸһԴѪľĸŮ
Ī˹۹ĻʶһšƼ֮ءϣһԴѪĸŮܹʮϣҲϡ档
ЩͶ˵Ĳūû·۶ŲòϣһĴѪ׼˹˳Ƿ
ֻѪ飬۶ԻЩһţΪ֮
ԭ
ϣ˱մߣü΢΢һմҸокʲôڼǡ
𣡡մüһĬģ˫۶ʱųһ˿˿⣬һһ۾ͿƲ֮д󣬲ϼ·ֻɫӥ
ಶūŵĺħӥ
մɫһ±ʮѿһХһ¼һɿȲʿʿǿ乭һ䣬һɫĹâֱûԽǧ׵ľһ´ǺħӥᴩĴԡ
ͷħӥһ´ֱ֮׹䵽˵ϡ
մһȵ׼ս룬Ǻܿͻеˣ
ȲüһʲôѵǸʦ壬Ҫ͵Ϯ𣿡
Ӧòϣ΢΢ҡͷʦʵɲ⡣֮ǰһ漣֮ǣһҹ֮佨ɡҪǳ֣漣֮£õĻᡣ
֮Ų֮ɫʧʲôһҹ֮佨õģôܣǴ˵֮еЩħʦҲûмܹ쵽һ㣡
մҲһ֮һĨ֮ɫǾ۹Ĵ˿Ҳһҹ֮佨һΰ۳ǡֱһĴڡ
ϣһпħŮѡ֮ѡǰԭħŮٹ
֮ѡ񣡡
һմȶΪ֮ݡ
λһӵĴڡ
Ǳѡв˴ǿˣͱ֮Ϊ֮ѡĿʱʱע֮ѡϣ֮ѡһָЩ֮ѡǰЩ֮ѡ񴫲kٹ⡣ʷ֮ϣκһ֮ѡ֮ӣ£Զܵ谮֮ѡΪϵһ¼
մսеս֮һĨ֮ɫǲ֮ѡǵ鷳ˣ
ֻǰǧŹ̳һ߰жȫض˱մЩǵ·
Ǹಶūߣ
һЩź£ȫװɢһɱ뺷ʵ֮һĨŭ˲䱬һɿȲʿĿֲ乭һ䣬һɫļâȻЩȥ
һɫļâ׼ޱȣûǧ֮ʿȺ֮Уһᴩʿ壬ȻȥƲֱٷǧײ׹ϡ
һ֮ūŵսʿʿһڡ
˫۳죬Щ³ļÿץһ飬Ҿ3000ң300ֻ飬׽ǡҾ90ң90ң°ʳǣԹϸ̵һԸֵһֻ飬ôҶˬһˬֵǣʤܾڴһ٣һƱǾͷˣ
Ϊ90ң
Ϊ˾飡
ֻҪһϣ
һϵң

Щūŵսʿԣһ˫۳죬ֽУһеֻȥ


212 ܵľ
ָ߶˵ūūžǲ׽ˣһҲһЩ鱻Ūˣ߱ˡôһβūѪ޹顣
Ϊ˲׽ϣֻѪ飬ֻū뾫֮ɭն˼ʮ˵ǱӻֻūŵҪǰֻԼã˾Ի˺ˡ
ಶūŶǲȥ֮ͽɵСţСţ߲𲢵鲢ټ
鴦ŮʮһֻǴֻ٣һǧҡ֮Ĳ༫ΪֲΪЩܹʮҹģǶЩ»ǮԼĶá
֮£ಶūŵСආûгζڽŵŪһֻ飬ʱЩ˷
ЩūŵԻЩһһ㺮˪֮ȼڵŭ
䣡
մһĨâһȡ
乭һ䣬һֻֻŶļʸЩūŵսʿȥ
Щūŵսʿʱͬһ㵹һƬѪ·ɽ
һһٶսʿǾֵĹ֮¡
ЩūŵսʿҲʮо飬һ˷Щȥ
Щūŵսʿǽ¡̩˹˵ļ˽ս׺ޱȣֻ֪п飬һ˿˶Щȥ
Щͬһ㽫ٶսʿɱ
һһһޱȵľ齣ĶЩսʿһĨм
սʿǾһ֮п似ǿߣÿһ˶ӵʿΪ˶ʿʿǿߡ
մǲʿǿߣ˵Ĵ֮£ЩսʿǸս
Щ˹ĲūսʿһӽЩ顣һȺ֮еħѧͽȡһֱӴ򿪣ʩչ0Ϸʦ֣֮һõ˰֮Уһ
һƬķ۳ǲ֮зɳ
ħѧͽĬٴһָһ紵һƬķ۳žڵķƮȥ
ЩǿµĽһŵǾķ۳ζʱһ꣬ܣһ½Щǵͳ顣
Щಶūŵսʿȴ׼Լ£ͬʱȡӴ򿪣žڵķһӣһʯҡɳӵĻֱǾƮȥ
ʮħѧͽͬʱʩЩʯҡɳһָ
һɹɿȻ֣ǴƬʯҡɳЩֱӾȥ
⧲֮䣬ЩǱʯҡɳһʱ۾ṥˡ
ЩಶūŵսʿǳûȡһŴЩһЩһ֮С
ЩƵĵߣЩһУԽԽǻᱻƵøӵĽ
Ȼʹõߣʤǿ֡
Ʋ֮Уһ͵͵ص
ɣЩɵ࣡
մһֵϣһ߷ߵŭХ֮ԼĽ֮£Ⱥ֮Уеľ齣һųһֲĶЩūŵսʿնء
ʿЩūŵսʿ޵еĴڣմ֮ûܹסһ̶ʮ֮䣬жʮսʿĽ¡
ЩūŵսʿҲ뱴մ潻սϵͶʯҡɳűմȥ
մ߶еľ齣ɫĹâ֮ƵҲһնء
ס֣ǱߵŮ飡ٲסֵĻҿɾҪɱˣ
һԱߴ
մһתͿȱʳһţʹޱȵšڿȵĲϵһǳ˰̩˹űմЦ
ȻӵвʿΪʵսʵ̫ʯɳס۾֮󣬱ֱסһǿı»ûüʩչѾЩūŵܡ
̩˹һĨ˷֮ɫŮӵһͷ𷢣ӦǾ۹̫һĳԱòӦǺųӵòĿ˹ĳԱ˵һӵ֮ѪᡣҪǲֿҾɱ
۹Ϊľ顢ɭ־顢顢顢ˮ顢顢ľȲֵͬľ顣оһĻֱ̫¹⾫顣̫ӵһͷҫ۴⣬˿һͷ¹⾫ӵһͷƮݳظеɫͷ
һ֮УеĿŮھһ֮УܾĪϣ谮̫¹⾫塣̫һ֮п˹¹⾫еĪҼ嶼Ǻųӵ֮òļ塣֮еŮԻ϶ǾŮ
һ˹ľŮڴ½֮֮ʱĪ˹۹̩̹۹۹ʵͬʱϣΪϯ½İս
һϵǰĪϣȡŮԼϵΪۣ˾ϵӭȢ˹ľŮ
ϵӣ˾ϵϵ֮ĽŶһֱȥһٶֽ꣬Ŷʧ
һ£˹ľ¡еԻһ˹ľŮΪ١˹˵ҲӵоĪϣŵѪ壬ھ۹֮еλޱȡ
մ￴ȱܣʱߣ顣ȿɲֻսӵĳԱǾȵİ־ʵԱȲŽȴϡʲộļҲܻᱻǣ
մôһһƬʯһɳһ´۾֮ϣʮŴֱӾȥ
մһȴûлңһ¼ǿޱȵĶǿԼ׼Ǵն顣
˯
һħѧͽ˺һһħᣬűմһָ
մʱ޾ƣӿͷ˯ȥǲʿĶǿ壬ûڵһʱ˯ȥһҧ촽һεѪ֮е䣬Ӳ˹
˯
һħѧͽҲһħᣬűմһָ
մٴξ޾ƣӿͷٴεҧ촽Ȼ΢΢һأһѾϡ
ʮūŵսʿһӵϣմģ
вūŵսʿǰȥĽմ֡
մﱻ֮ҲūսʿͳͳץסЩūŵսʿһüЦĿЩǵ֮ӹ¶һ˿˿Ц
һսūнһǧپУپ飬ǲūŴ׬׬


213 浽
¿Щסپ飬Цپ飡һǿ׬ˣЩǴΪǵʵǿ͸Ҹһս̫ˣҪһʼߣǻûʲô취
ǲūŵһǧûб·ϡֻҪ㹻ĽǮǼʵҪļٶԡ
̩˹Ҳ¶һ˿Цݣ̫߰ˣΪԼĸʵԶҪǿͲʵǿôԭغһսС椿ɶӵвʿĶΪظʿǵСɫڣȴܻ׽ǻ۵
Ҳ룬ǾȻ׽ǣȻԼĵơ죬һشԵķ̩˹һ䣬·Ȼ첻Ǿ顣ųӵ֮òĿ˹С椣شԵķԼı¶ûüӾͱˡһֻ񲻶űܡ
մԣ΢΢һг˻ںޡ
簲̩˹ԣմֱڵ漣֮ǷֻūŸ޻ᡣҲǿŸЩūŵսʿ漤սȴû뵽ֻಶūôƻôǿ
ھ֮ɭپ֣ȫԷŷݣǧūŵսʿɱñʧʮˡմھ֮ɭಶūŽ֮Уɱ˲֪ǿߣʿĸҲļ¡ȴ˰̩˹ʿ㲻ϵУ˻ںޡ
Ƚһ˫֮衢ں޵ˮΪһͱץסմŻҡܡ
ԱմĲʿʵȫпܴȺ֮ɱһѪ·һߡ
ߵǰ£˿ȵ°ͣƷͷ㣬˷ܣС椾Ǻųӵ֮ò˹С椣ȻƤ۵óˮΣޱȡ
˹ľŮǿ۹ᶯĵľˡȻҪϸĿһ£ȵò
Ȼ֮䣬һֱӴӽµؿڴضһεѪ˳Ž⣬˵ϡ
ؿڣȳѪһĵŰ̩˹Ϊʲô
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̩˹һ鳤һѪӽµǻ֮ءһӳޱȵĽµͷ­նͬʱȵ֣
ڰ̩˹˽׼ȻѣŸոջսսǻӽնȥ
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ǽһħѧͽڵһʱͱ̩˹˽͵Ϯһͱɱ̩˹˽ħѧͽ󣬷նɱŽµʿͬѩһ
һЩҪߵĽ˽ҲЩħѧͽʩչħ
һµ˽ҽе̩˹㾹ȻɱǰزĶӣԲŹģͬļһ˶ᱻǰزȫɱ
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ллǳΪҵ̤ʯȨ۷Ķ̤˼ʵһѾûмֵˣڿͳͳȥˡ̩˹µ˽΢΢һЦ
һĲҽ֮Уµ˽նɱ
̩˹Լ˽µ˽նɱ֮Ϲ΢Ц˫ĵˣװĲǣ֮⣬ľ飬ǿѡʮΪǵĽȻλ𾴵ħѧͽǣÿҲԹȥѡһֻ顣
Ѿɱ۵İ̩˹˽Ƕһ֮
ʮֻ飬ǿɱȽŵһֻҪǿʮֹ
׷氲̩˹ħѧͽҲ˫۷Ź⣬ЩǵĴţ¶̰֮ɫ
Щħѧͽĵλߣȴʽħʦλ֮༫ǿûʸþŮūĴڡ
Щһ˫۶ʹˮǶ֪ΪūУһô±ҵ顣
ɲУЩǿҵѣ
ʱ֮УԶԶ㴫
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ϣ̩˹ɫͬʱѸٵ˼˻Ⱥ֮С
һӵдʿΪĹǰһӿ乭һ䣬һʸͬһֱȥ
ϣ
һ죬رʥ֮˲ʡ
һһǹ֮ϣֱӽǹ÷顣
̩˹Ŀɿڴ૵ħ˫ޣôܣֻ߰񼶵ǿ߲ܹħ˫ֻһħʦ࣬ôħ˫ޣ
ЩڵϵľҲһĿɿڴԼ۾
ڷλ棬Ϊλħڣλħʦǰһסħ֮£ħʦħѾûʱ䣬ûоȥ似Խǿħʦ嶼Խ
Ҳǲ֮λʿλеԵʡ֮֮⣬λҲֻЩħ塢ŶħħȹǿĴڣܹ֮λʿ⡣
һΣħ̺֮£һӳԼϡ
Щ̩˹˽ѸǰΧ˹ȥ
΢΢һӹһĨɫɱ¾ԲϲѪҺڣǰ̤һ
һѪЩǰİ̩˹˽һԶֳأѪ䡣
ЩѪɽʱһЩѪһӴ㱻ֱӵɿ
޵У
ûκܹסĽ档
ǵϣȡմ￴Ⱥ֮е棬סˣĿ벻ϡ
Ⱥ֮У·ɱ¾һɢһΣޱȵɱ¾Ѫ໥ڣ汾˲ϳɱ䣬ɢ
ѪҺڣսȴʮ侲ÿһǽһ㣬ɱ¾Ҳǿһ˿


214 շ̩˹
ʵս֮ѵ˶ٴΣΣպͽȸУԶԶȲʵսϾʵս֮У֪Լʧܶٴζʵսս֮УֻҪԼӷ񣬾ͻͬմ³
Щ̩˹˽ǹʼʩɳʯʯҲ涪ͬʱһҲȥ
ɳʯʯһӴ㱻ֱɣһƵеرʥ֮ǰҲȻһ

ɵ
˯

ЩħѧͽҲҧƴʩչһ0Ϸ
Щֱӹϵ0Ϸһ֮ϣֱӱƾնֵҲһ顣˯һڴĻ֮ѾȻϵʥֱɢ
Ѫ֮УǰȻһգ˰̩˹ǰ
̩˹ԥĽ֮һߣ˵ϣͷʦлҪ˵ԸеĲ£ͶҼ仰¸ħȻ˵仰ҵĻҪɱңʱɱҲ٣
浭һЦĬģһɹķ밲̩˹밲̩˹̸֮ȫ
̩˹ɵҿʦҪԭ֮һҵӢۣضʷĴʦΰ󣬹Ĵڣڹ֮УҲкڰӰӡϣܹͶΪЧΪڰ֮еӰӣһЩʮֲ㴦飡Ĺâҫķ
Ī˹۹һСо׼˹˳ǾӪвСҲһǧܴɱ˽Ǯһļǧ˽շңһġҿԳΪĶ䣬ҲԳΪذסֻҪһͿԵõһͷںڰ֮еҹ֪ҵҳϡħʦֶӦÿҵҵķԸƣһ
ԣüͷһôûнڲ٣Ϊ˻ԵĵĹ壬Ҳǵһ갲̩˹ĻеɱҲƽϢ
ԭһףʲôûСȱˡȱǮȱʣʲôȱҺԭĪ˹۹۹˵۹̩۹ΧҪǣصסУҪӵ֧֡
̩˹Ȼ޳ܣĺȫûнڲ١ȴһܰµ˲š˵˲ţҲȱ
һһֻװҺ̬ҩܱУһֻħҩһʹãҪңͻڲըѶҲȲ㡣
̩˹ԥһѽֻҺ̬ҩץУл˴ҩ
ֻͬӵһһ˰̩˹ֱ֣ӷһֱ֮ϡ
̩˹΢΢һζһ£ס˽ܰµҩڡ
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һǿޱȵĶʱӰ̩˹緢һ½Ϊһʽʿ
̩˹һƨĵָлǿı¼ֱɲ⣬˼黯
ζĿ˰̩˹һۡҺ̬˷鱨̩˹ûֳô
̩˹ǿķ沢ΪݡƻͷԡӴ֮£¡մﲻǱɱǱܡǴʵ˴ܡ
̩˹ζĿһۣ΢΢һݣȴȻһһҹģ
浭һ³ҪʣҪ˿ڡʳˮһ֣ǰȥΪˮģȥŪҪʡ֮⣬ҪĴ۹ΪҽһӴ鱨磬Ĵ۹ʲô紵ݶҪһʱ֪
̩˹˼һˣ۹ȫǾ飬Ƕסھ֮ɭ棬ûܹȥҪǽףΨһĴھɫɭֹųǡЩ鱨Ū۹ֻҪӵ㹻ĽǮһӴ鱨̫ѡ
۹Ϊ⣬ȫסھ֮ɭ棬еΨһĶⴰڱɫɭֹųǡﾫǻóزнʡ
Ҳֻɫɭֹųܹྫ顣
ɫɭֹųҲǷɭϣפʮľӣƣǿꡣ
κͼɫɭֹųﲶԾˣһץסᱻһ߸ߵľ֮ϣɹ
ɫɭֹų֮⣬һƬľʬ֣ľʬ棬ųߵĸʬЩȫǲūŵʬ壬һģҲнһˡǰ뾫ˡ߿ֲĸʬߣԾ顣ÿ궼֮ͽգȻľʬһ߸ʬ
Ǯ˵ȫ⣡һף㽫һָ˰̩˹ЩǮȥһӴ鱨ھ۹Ǿɫɭֹųｨ鱨
ǿռָ
̩˹ӹһöָһֿռָڷλֻЩĴпӵһö̩˹С壬Ҳֻ˵ռָĴڣھȻõһöп˷ܲѡ
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ʮħʯλȫɶһǧϵĽҡǧңܹɵ̩˹ʧӴĲƸһǿޱȵ鱨硣
̩˹¶һ˿ĵЦݵл˵ΣһͿΪЧڴ
ɣ
̩˹һǣˣ
һӣһ½Ƭľħ
̩˹ţҵĿధΰħʦڴ󷢴ȱԸһ·ڣˣң̩˹Ჹҵʧ
Щ̩˹˽һһЩĵĿЩľһۣȻΥ̩˹Ű̩˹һ뿪ǰɱˣĽ£ȴһȾǿߣ
Ƭطֻʣʵʵ顣
һ±Щ졣
մ￴棬֮һĨͼɵ֮ɫ
ֻѪ磬Ǿһۡرǳӵ֮ò˹ĿȸһɫŮ׸κ۹ĻʵۣԿԻòϵͷΣܹһأΪʵ塣
ֻѪ飬۹֮пԻǮɫͷΡȨơأκ඼Ѳġ


215 ս֮
̩˹ΪҪֻ飬ŴӺݺݵͱĺѡܵĺһ
մ֪Щȫһ֮䡣
մʦʮָлǡ֮ǰᵽҪǰ۹˿ű¡һᶯһ취ͬ⡣
ϣҲʦллǣ
ֻСҲЦʦлл㣡
һ۾Ϳ˱մС˼ҲûнƣһЦһն䣬ʥҫűմϵͳͳնϡ
մһԼľ鳤һȵϵͳͳնϡ
ҲһԾнͬһǱ֮ζ֮ЩһһѣЩʵʵľҲһ˳
治ٳ֣еʥֱ֮˽֮У˺˼վԭء
ĬĬȵĽֻ±ȱմﻹҪǿϼ֣ȴôױ˻ܡʵսһ١
Խۣ̫飬ָĿԶԶǿڱմʵս̫ٲŻᱻЩūŵһЩлܣӵбմɵľ顣̩˹Ǿûôپ顣
ͬһһȳ֮󣬱մ΢һҲ˼ϵл⡣
鿴棬֮Ҳ¶һ˿͸м֮ɫǶʮû棬ôǵ³ֻʮҡ
ȴһĨߵǰһ˫峺͸·ܹ˵궼ȥ֮һ˿Ц⣬лһˣллǣ
ˣǴĵлǶԴ˫Щζӳ£ҲЩ䣬ŵͳͳһ˲ֱ׿Ȼһ̾ҲǸ˰ɣڣֻһеߵ˰ˡ
ãҸղžȻҡˣǿ£Ǻųӵ֮òĿ˹崿Ѫ顣
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ȸûʩչκֻǴѾһһķ羰Ȼÿ࿴һ֣ͻܵһ
ѾǼʶŮˣ˿棬ҲԾıסˡ
ȵǰѽƯԸҿ𣿡
΢΢һЦʥ֮ݸ˿ȡ
ȳǰʥ֮һӣһʥĹԱӳϣʥޱȣһŮĻ
²ĻӶʥ֮ǳЦɷȻƭӡ˵ôῴôÿԭԭ򡣡
ʵұزľͲǷԭ򡣡
Դ󣡡
ⲻԴţ
Ĵںԭｨʲôûأ㽨˳ǣôάȥ
ԭȻƶ񤲻ȴһԽһ޴ı⡣
ʷ棬üôţˣնˣ᲻֮еһ
ֻǴʷǸˣ
Դ󣡡
ⲻԴţ
ţԳʷ֮ϵЩǿˣ
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մֱ˹һϵȣǸˣ
һ±ס˱մ˫֣ޱȵմҺȻҪԭ濴Դļһôɱ⡣һô
մЦȵ£һδѾð˼ķաҪǻȥҪܱµŭ𡣡
ûܹܾȵﰧ󣬲մһ뵽ںԭپ鶼Ҫܴŭ
֮һǱʥ֮ЩڴҪˣҺϲ͸Һòã
΢Цã
ȡһöɫҶӵݸ棺ҵȥ֮ɭڣʾͻ˴ȥҡ
մ״΢΢ɫ䣬ֹȴĬ
ȡһɫʯͷݸ˿ȣǺ֮ʯԼƵʲôΣգ֮ͨʯҡ
֮΢΢һЩ˷ܺڴ㻹һʦ
ڷλǼΪ߶˵Ĵڡڷλ֮УҲרŴһ;ħʦʦͨħʦҪϡٵöֱ࣬Ʒëǡ
մҲ΢Ϊ֮Ŀ࿴漸ۣʼĻ浽ǲ֮ѡˡ
΢ЦûҵӦûܿ죬ǺԭͻԼϲҿԸ㾫۹ܾȨ
ȺʵҾ۹ܾȨʲô˼
ҵĻھ۹ֻᷢһˡЩôô˭˭ھ۹棬֮⣬ǲὫڶˡԿƾǵƷ׬һʣ
ȻϲһЦðƷŪƷ֮һҪҿõĻҾͰ
մֻһԿЦƿȳΪĴͻ
մֽߴ˼ΣմſԼپž֮ɭķȥ
濴ſԶȥıӰһᣬһؿڵĴԪ£һܼ˷װõֱӷУƲ֮иſһС
ڷλ棬ĿʱʱĻڷ䡣Ҳֱӷһ΢Ƿɹȥ
ص漣֮ڣ㿪ʼչزڲ֮ǰս֮УһСսʵżĺô
һ
ԭĴأʷ໹ʱ䳤֮СĴϵֵĵط֮ذ
漣֮ڵһƬƬϣǱصĺأһЦ
սħڵļأԭĴϵľս֮أ黯ǱԴ潵٣Ƭɱ
䣬ѪȾƬء
һֿ˵ʿȼҪߵĴڡʿǿþѾһЩںϣֹ󡣶ѪҺͬӵпֲ
ѪҺĵط϶ʴһУݲ
ս֮أһ㶼γ򡢷һĴڡ
ԭҲ򡢷桢ΣصĴڡΪ˷ֹԭΣմڽ򣬻ǳ־˺ԭȻʱ֮£ڵĺԭ
ԭ֮Ի޷κʳΪǴ֮У̺һ˿˿Ѫֲͨ޷Ѫ֮
֮һĨ֮ɫڱ˵һƬǶ˵ȴһƬⰡ


216 ֲ
ȡһöɫӣһһöӱֱӷ˴档Ĭģһöɫһָʩչһֲ߻һɫķâֱûһöɫ档
һöɫӶʱ͸ĸ룬Щ͸ĸһ˴֮ڣĳȡŴ֣Լɼһ˿˿ɫʱֱӳȡ
Ǻɫһ·ѿѸٵһֱڷ֮Ϊһ׸ߵĴǴ֮ϣһϴСĹӣޱȵĵ֦ϡ·һͻڵһ㡣
ʩչһʦ֣֮һŽһϴСĹӴ֦֮ϳ䣬һǹ֮ϡ
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濴һѪɫӲֵĹʵһĨ֮ɫѪ֣Ƕ촫漶رĶ֮һѪֻ֣Ҫ㹻ͿĴ漶սˡ
һöɫΪӣǶδ½һгֲѧǿʿΪ˽Ϲ䣬ǿ߼սѪȾصϤһֲֳ
ȫЩǿѪȾ֮棬ЩǿѪĲдγһħǱѪȾ򣬾ͻᵮѪ֣ǱħѪȾǻᵮħѪ֡ѪֻħѪ֣Ƕ촫漶رĶϡǱѪأǻᱻֱӾΪһֵַء
ڶδ½֮û顢ħսµĽΪӵӴڵԵʡ
ʱƾãûҪӵҲ½Ҳں֮ղ淢˼ӣȻľΪСԭ㽫֮ڴ棬ȴû뵽Եɺ֮£˷λĺԭ֮ϡ
ȡһ漶ذ׷֮ذһ´źɫĹʵ֮ϣתʿ˲䱬һпǱźɫĹʵ¶ʮöɫӡ
濴ʮöɫӣ¶һ˿Ц⣬һؿڵĴԪ£еȳɳһ˵Ǿ֮ϣž֮ϳŵһööʵ
һööʵЩеȳһգϵ䣬¶˺ɫĹ⡣
һ꾻ֱ֮ӾΪԲģֱʮ׷Χ֮ڵкضѾȥ˺ɫתΪ˷ֵĺɫͬʱһʮöϴСĹʵ
һԾͻʮŰٽصѪֺһپʮö֮֡
ظľٶŴ֮󣬾ͻʮѪԼһǧ˰ٰʮһö֮֡
һؿڵĴԪ£Ļе۷ɳһǧ˰ٰʮһö֮ÿʮһţû滮֮еũ
еľֶֺ֮֮һȡһ漶ķȨȣһָȨ֮ϸĴ漶ϵ콵
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ʦʿĴܹտռԪأԪس棬ʿʩչķͨĵطʩչķҪöࡣ
ԭ֮ڣȫˮԪҲΪϡǴ漶ϵ콵Ҳͽ͵һʮֿĵز
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Ȼܹ绽꣬ʦ̫ˣ

漣֮ڣЩūǿ콵ˮһȸԾӵĳݡ
֮еˮ¶һ˿Цݣϲõ̫ǿˣʦ
ȵȴһĨ֮ɫķʦҲʩչɣǿķҪĴҲԽ󣡡
ˮ֮£Щֻ֮˸룬˴档ǵĸһأһʼǲдѪ㿪ʼ
һ꾻֮ʱһٶĶޱȵĺء
һŮǰȴˣȥ
΢΢ͷŮƬ滮Ϊũҵطȥ
ǣأɸĺأǧûбĺԭȻʦˣ⣬⣬ֱ񼣣
һũҵٶĶĺأ֮޾𺳣ֱȿһҹֵ漣֮ǻҪ𺳵öࡣ
ԭλĴ۹Ľ紦ΪﵽĪ˹۹֮Ҳںԭ֮ڿһƬҵ޷̵ĺֻܹ뿪
ǿ֮еӵԾЩǵkǾҲҪķԶûо֮ôɡҲæÿ֣չǿԼ˭Ը𽵹󣬺ķѴ;ԭѪ
һһӺһö֪ʶˮȣȣЩӣȥֲ֣֯Щӡֲ֪ʶˮ
ǣˣ
һһö֪ʶˮо֪ʶûԺ档˺һᣬŹһ
ֱ뿪һֱһʮף벿һ͹Сɽ֮ǰ
Ǳ콵Ĵ淨֮£ĵײѾһǳǳĻˮ
ָղոõľ֮ӷ׷׷档
Щֵ֮һӴˮ룬濪ʼǸ
ȵ֮һΣСɽȡһööɫӣСɽȻĬģʩչһֲ߻
һööɫķ֮УѸٵţÿһ궼һųʮףҶľ޴ľ
ˮԪش˷۶Ǿ޴ľҶ֮ϣһһεǾ޴ľҶϵ˵ϡ
־޴ľһֲֳֽӵһԣǿ˷ˮԪγˮΣȻһЩˮε·
ʺϵľס漣֮ǵˮԪءֻҪ漣֮治ˮŪ̫ԶĵطܹЩˮԪأۣ֮γˮĳ˹
ȻҪǳ˹⿿ЩУҪԴԴϵĴطȡˮ˹档
ЩˮԪѷĺԭ棬ֻܹסˮֵ


217 𾪵
Щڲ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ˮԴʳ⣬ˣ
óӣҲǾĳֲһĶֲһջÿһԴ֮ջǧۡ
λһĶصСΪһ죬ÿһոĶ϶ֻٽҡ˻ǲֻ١
ȡһƿҩһڹ£˫ۣתط˫ֽնħʯħܣһᣬĵľָ˹
ѪѪʿָͳ־ԶԶԽͬ׵ǿڣΨһǽǱ̫Сĵ·ǿʿǰ·
˫ۣ΢΢һΣֱӴԭʧ
漣֮ǵһ棬ʮȻĴŸ
ӵдյˣūܻ֮ӭһˡر˵۹ȱÿ궼Ҫȴ˽ū
۹ƶסпϸķɣȻ赲סЩͨūǽֱŪūȻ˽˵۹
⼸ʮҲЩūΪ˰ͽ棬͸
ˣʲô𣿡
һŹͷСɫ·һ͹һ˹
潫һѪֵݸ󺺣࣬ʯܹӹ𣿡
⼸ʮū죬ҲǴΪɫһ
ӹѪֻ֣һ΢΢һϾ¶һ˿غϲɫø֣ӦǴ˵֮еħûаգԣ
ϣ㽫һѪֱӷһԵĻ¯֮ڷա
ǻķ֮УѪȴ貵Ĺâ˿ûбڻļ
Ҳʱƣ𽥵սѾյ÷ǯӴǻ¯֮ŪȻޱȵѪ֣ЦһµˣǼΪǿħǸ޷ӹֻֻд˵֮еİ˹ܹħ
λ֮УҲӵа˵Ĵڡ˵Ĵ˫ڷλ֮Уഫ漶аǴɣмҲǰһɡ˵֮УЩȾָ򣬴һֱû֤
ڷλ֮ҲƵ壬֮Ҳ顣ײЩǿϵ֮ս
ָһһö֪ʶˮ˰УյĴ֪ʶˮȻԣ
һһö֪ʶˮʱĴ֪ʶӿԺ֮УһĨϲ֮ɫ
˫۸мĿһۣȻЦˣлĿЩ֪ʶұϾֻһͨûйߣ޷ӹħ
浭һЦһӣһرĻ¯䡢յȴҪر֮ڡ
࿴һرĴرЩѵǴ˵֮еĴħƷ𣿡
û԰ɣղŵ֪ʶ棬ӦӵôʹЩߵ֪ʶ
ϸ˺һᣬЩرһһַҲΪ
ЩĸħƷȫʹħʯΪԴֻһҲȻʹЩر
ĿʼʹЩر֮üӼѪһ·˻¯֮ڡ
һŰɫĻǻ¯֮ӿѪ֮ϡ
֮ǰôҲûһ˿ڻѪڿʼ졣
ϲһ½Ѫּг˴֮ϣ߾Ǹħݺݵȥ
һ֮һѪڿʼΣڰĴ֮£һķת
浭һЦת뿪̡
ӵ潻֪ʶرҲֻܹѪִΪһΪ̡ҪħΪһħȻҪ֡
ܹѪִףҲܹṩһͼ̵ĲʹáԼ࣬Ȼһ
֮һֻӴޱȣǧ˵Ӵų˺ԭ潨漣֮Ƿ򻺻ƶ
һֻӴ֮УߴǧˣǧūֻӴž׼˹˳֮ū齨š
ԭȻޱȣȱˮԴʳȴĴ۹ĽͨŦ֮أһЩΪ˻ø󣬾ðմͨǰĴ۹
Щ˲һҹǱ˺ԭ֮ϵؾܵؾʳħǿķ㡣
ԭȻƶޱȣȻһЩطŹľԣǹľ滹һЩʳãɬޱȵĽ֮⣬һЩطѪȾ٣ֲһЩʮѳԣǿԹҰ˺
ֻŵߴǧˣԭ֮ڣûκܹһɿֲκǿֻӴţҲֻܹ¶ѵĿ⣬֡
У찡ҵۻﾹȻһУ
Уĸ£ȻܹｨһĳУǲ˼飡
Ȼĳɹˣĸ£

ЩһλϼƽԭĳУж𺳣۷׷ס
Ǵħʦ̶ӵ֮һķҲһΰ漣֮𺳡
һ۳ǣշλĽʵûм˻Ѹһʱ䣬޷ǡ
żǧūŻĸµʱ䣬ͽһľ޳ǣлһµʱ·ϡĽٶȣڷλֱ漣
Ȼһ˫Բɣʧе찡ΰĲū֮ҿʲôһŶһƬ֣ںԭ棬ȻһƬ֣⣬չֵ𣡣
һƬ֣찡ȻһƬ֣
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һ˿һƬ֣Ŀɿڴ׷ʧе
һЩ˻ŵĲ˲ֱӵ۾ȻɵԲԲģһƬ漣֮ǰľ֮ĿɿڴòײŽʵ
ķ֮۾Բɣʧе찡ʦʲôˣôԭֲľǿഫӢ۶û飡
ԭ֮нǶͨ˵Ǽʵֵ顣Ƿλ֮УٴӢ۶ͼںԭ潨ǣҳɹĽһСһ⣬άֲȥֻܹ뿪ԭ
ˮԴʳҪ޷ͲһܹںԭάסнɽҲỨˮԴʳ֮ϣиͼӲܷչ׳󣬺޼ֵ
漣֮⣬ȻһƬ֣ζţԭⲿѾֲпֲܿʳԭӵо޴壡


218 ǳԵñū
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ʱ棬ԭ֮ȫһ߼ʵĺһƬɫ֣·еһ㣬ǵ飬ǽ񾭻һ˿
Ѿʱ䣬һ˿˿̴ɫ֮ڶ
Щ֮йŵūǶʼһò͡
찡Щ¼ūȻڳ԰
Щ¼ūôԳ԰⣬ⲻǱȰүһҪԵú⻹û
̫˷ˣЩū԰̫˷ˣʦ̫˷ˣ

ЩūŵһͷƬ֣㱻ζЩūò͵ĵطһЩūڳŰŵʱ˫۳죬ʹļ׵Ĳҽš
λ²ƽūǵʳǴֲޱȣӲľͷһҪˮܹǿ¿ڵĺþĥɵֻЩ̡ǲܹԵ
һЩǹòʵһ˿к
ūŵĹ٣һЩСŵ죬춼ڿкڿµūڿаǵ˫һ±ó
ЩūŵĻǿЩūǿŰ˫ҲЩЩŻ϶ǿкͺˮūҪԵúãȻʮֲƽ⡣
ķǰȻڿԶ漣֮ǣ˫֮޾̰øеʦȻūܹϰҪҴ˰ôӵǧˣмūǺģҲԽķλľˣ£Ȼ׸ʵ۱£˵ҼķҲܹһԾΪһү
׼˹˳ǵū˻ûһǺˡ׼˹˳ʱ򣬻ǿطһ뿪׼˹˳ǣ˺ԼĻҰôǾͻΪµޡ
ÿ궼СūϢʧڻҰ֮Сķܹ׼˹˳ӵ˴֪Ƥ̵˶ٸСūš
ķ˰һ㣡
İȫװսʿ֮˳üͷ΢΢һ壬żķǳ
ķݣɢǿʵĿĿ˿˫ֵָ֮ϣĿ΢΢һ˫֮еĳɫ˲ȥ¶һкͰЦݣӭȥ򣬼ˡѾȫʦκˡʦ˲أ
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תطһʿĿֲ˲䱬ǿѹȵüķЩЦЦĿżķ
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ķɫõģˣūȫǳ԰Ҳ̫ݳ˰ɣ
Ҳǣ
ķ΢һūȻԵø˲࣬Щƽ⣡
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һЩСŵǵɫǷڡǻÿ춼ڳԺֻйڵʱŻ԰ǵֱñū硣ȻҲΪ̫ĵԵʡ
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ЩūŵһһһĨ𺧡
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ֵһˮ࣬ȴûһ˿Ҳûķ㡣Եࡢɾ
ķԵĸ̾һĳУʦ̫ˣӵǿħʵƳУҲǴʦҿ۶෽ҲȲ漣֮ǡ
ϻܣҲһ̾ǱȲϣ֮ǰȥһ˵۶˹ͻʳ֮⣬ҷɡ˵ķ㡣һ죬ѥܹ档УϵӦסĳУ
ֻӴūŵǼķ׼˹˳ūˡ
ǺûпɣǺȻ֮䣬ķĿһԶһָЩ
ҵ찡Ǻ
ôܣԭôӵк

ЩĿҲ˳żķԷʶ̵ָָķȥһж¶֮ɫ
֮սѪȾԵʣԭ֮ڣֲҲ˱仯ˮϡһҲûм¡
ԭӵк˹ҲΪǸɺˮձһ
漣֮УȻһ޴ĺֱ졣


219 Ƽ
ô
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ԭλĴ۹Ľ紦ȫΪĴ۹ƷŦ֮ءʷϲ֪ж۶סںԭȱˮԴʳҲûһӢܹ½Ų
澹Ȼﾻ˴أٳ˿ֲʳũһŪһ޴ĺԭȱˮˡ漣֮ǽһɳѾǿԤ顣
ķһƬƽʮ룬Ҳһӵĵؿ飬ʵЩطǣ
΢΢һЦ漣֮ǣλĴ۹Ľ紦ȫԳΪĴ۹ƷŦ֮ءЩؿ飬Ϊ˽פ漣֮ǵ̻׼ĵؿ顣Щؿɲˣÿһ鶼10أ
ЩСԣһϲȻһȥʮҶЩС˵Ǹ̫ءЩСŵһ˫۷Ź⣬¶һ˿һ˷ܹâ
漣֮ǵķչٶȣԻԽԽ׳󡣶ҿóףеλĹͨŦ漣֮ǽԻ
΢΢һЦʦѾų˷˵һЩĪ˹۹̩̹۹˺һЩǶ漣֮ʮָȤأ
ЩЩŵһԥһĨᶨ
ķʱЩԼһʡһʣһ¶֡
ͳˣɷǲιһЩؿ飡
ԣͳˣǲιһЩؿ飡

ЩŵȺ鼤
һΪѵģһᣬͬðɣ
ЩŵǶʱһӿЩؿ棬˫¶̰Ŀ⣬ѰԼǵĵؿ顣
ķҲŤŷֵԲĵһͷЩؿ֮У˫̰ĹâѰԼǵĵؿ顣ЩؿֻҪһ飬תһҲԿһǮ
ЩūĽտЩŵǶȥ졣
Լ֮ȻշѸ߰һǩԼ˫ΥԼ֮
Сʱ֮ЩŵµļһڿĻ֮£ųڵķȥ
ᣡʯŵᣡ
ķһרдЩд֮ڣʱ΢΢һ㶣Ŀ΢΢һ
дʱѾٶˣЩһ¹ڳָ̬󲿷˼ķʶʶǼĪ˹۹ĴˡʯŵҲһղƸ˿伪ķĳһصߡ
һƣ΢Ц˹ķϣǿǲѡȻô̻Ҳһĺ
ķһЦᣬ㲻ȥׯ԰ȼȥһʱϵ㣬ûн㡣ˣЩʲô
һЦûмˣһĨɵ֮ɫЩһ඼̩̹۹Ұˡ
Ī˹۹̩̹۹۹˻ϻƺԷΪҰˡ۹֮䱬ս۹˭޷κε˶Է
ķһЩҰôõϢģ
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ķ΢΢һ̾Щϧǵʦ治򵥣ŵԶԶǵ󰡣
ûо֣ķЩ̶컹̸С̩̹۹һķ̶ӾûκοĻᡣ
Ȼ޹磬Ī˹۹̩̹۹۹໥𡣼ķҲЩ̩̹۹Ǻ޽飬޷һ
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ʱǾƵһ໺˽
һĿһ¼ϡ
лμᣬ漣֮ǵ
濴·ֱĪ˹۹̩̹۹ԼһЩСǣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݣ̩˹ɵò
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شѾЩ漣֮׼۵ĵؿ顣ʮ֮ڣ漣֮ǽΪһ˿ڳʮľͳУΪĴ۹óŦóģЩؿ˵Ǵ𡣡
ǵĵؿ飬ͿߵıֽдǵĵؿԸܵļ۸ȻͶ档漣֮ǻͳƣؿ۸ߵá
˫ģһŮϴЦݣÿ˫ֶһӡ
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ķҲһᣬӹһֽдԼĵؿͼ۸񣬽֮˺档
վڸ̨֮ϣЦĿһĻ
ƤͺݺݵĴ׬һʡЩﹺ˵Ƥͱ뽨裬Ҳ๤ǰ˶ˣҲȥγһ޴ѭ
Ȼ˺ĲƸǰλ淢չ漣֮һֱֻĽǮôҲֲ֧ס
һʳ̲סʵʦ漣֮ѾӵʳԴЩʳô죿
Щÿһ궼Խ˵ʳЩʳ˶ԼԺûл·ˡ
΢Цõģ֮ڣҺ̶Ǹ۸ʳж٣Ϳ˶ٹͳͳ£ֻҪûС
漣֮ǵ˿ֻԽԽ࣬ʳôҲΪ漣֮ȫչ꣬ȻҪĽʳ
Щʳһ϶¶һ˿Ц⡣
·еǶдֽӣȻЩƯŮһһߡ
ˣٸߴһϢҲһħʦͬʱһʦϾʱһЩС⣬һ¡
˫ģһսʿһֳ˽
΢Цѡ˹һֳ֤ûжκֽš
Ī˹۹̩̹۹۹˼Ѹٵѡ˰ķᡢڵʮŵ˸̨
ķϸĲ鿴һֳ֮󣬻Ӷ˼£ʮصֳûʲô⡣һĵ۹ʽúܺãûκαƻĵط
ľ˽ӹǱϸĲ鿴һᣬҲ΢΢ͷͬ⡣


220 սʿķ
õʽֳǲĳӲĳðʹõ䵶ҪöࡣһԶԶ
Ҵĸħķ԰ɣ
һһϸ·ĵĳת˫ָУݸ˼ķ
ķ˳ƽӹһ΢΢һӡ
һɫķâһɫķâһ¼ӳ˼ķϣоһᣬͬʱڷ·ӿ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫħҵ屻ӳҵݺ
Χ۹һ˫ˢһ±óж޾̰֮ɫżķеǱħ
λħĴڣʩչҪλɣѰıԴλѼʮֹħԼйϵħʦ֮֯⣬ҲʦħƷҲ֮١
ķеǱħһõϣԿһۡ
浭׼
սʿ׼һ´߶עеʽ֮Уʽһųһ˿˿Ĺâ
λĶʿ⣬Ҳһǿͨǿͷߡ
΢Цķ㿳ⳤһ£ķ򿳡ȻᣬҪһѽķ
ķֳǱʮѪֵħһǱĪ˹۹õʽֳ⣬׾ٵĽǼӳ˶ľֳ
һĻЩǶһΪǱħķе𾪡ħֻܹӳħĳһ㹻ǱħûмӳħѾľڻԼӳħֱ챦ղصħҲˮƽ
ķֵİϲý÷ı
ķÿԣЩͷĽķƿһѴӼķнǱħ£һ׼öӳǿŵľֳ֮ϡ

һ죬׼ŵľֱֳӱһء
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Ҳ˫۷Ź⣬Ǳħֱ˹ˣ
ʮħ˸飬׷޲ڡȻħڵ˵ʱѾ޷ӳħҲʮ⡣ÿܹӳְ˸0Ϸҷޱȣ࣬ıѵһı
ֱҽ֮ΪսʿķУÿһ꣬ʱҶһᣬıȤĻÿʱ򣬶Թμᡣ
΢΢һЦһսʿķбС
Ц˹ӹװھսʿķУֽıһŮܵȣ漣֮ǵܹܣھͿʹһʦһսʿķУͼʮңÿμӼ۲һǧңʼ
ʮң
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Ǹۣ᳡һ¼žһᡣ
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һ̩̹۹ƽޱȵʮң
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΢ЦʮҵһΣʮҵڶΣʮҵΡɽħˡ
һĿⶼ̩̹۹ϣ˸֮ɫʮңԲһСĿܹ治ɫóôʽ𣬾ǳŵˡ
΢ЦڿʼڶսʿķУĹأղһڿʼ
ʮһң
ʮң

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ȵĻ䣬˱ֱӿڣһ¶ЩͼӼ۵ǿ۵
ķԥһ£Ŀǲдħ֮ϣҧ۵ʮһң
ʮң
ʮң

᳡һ··𱻵ȼһ㣬Ǳħļ۸ڽһֱʮҲűһ̩̹۹Ĵߡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿ϵЦڿʼİսʿķУĹأղһڿʼ
̩̹۹˿һֲĸ߼ۣͼˣʮң
ʮһң
ʮң

һսʿķм۸ʱڽûֱͣͻʮңһֱʮһңű˫۳ļķ¡
΢΢һ¶һ˿ϵЦڿʼһսʿķУĹأղһڿʼ
һ̩̹۹Ĵ˫۳ֱӿ۵ʮң
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λ˺Щ۹Ĵܹ˽ĶȱǮһȫпܰЩʿʿĶ֡
˫۳ʮһң
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ʮң

һսʿķüΪңձһ̩̹۹Ĵ԰ʮֱ¡
ʱЩ˵Ŀż̩̹۹ϣĿ֮г̩۹ĿʮֶһʼЩн۵ħڿ̩̹۹˼ֱ׬ˣ󼸺һ
΢ЦʦһħҩѧʦܹƶħҩʱӦÿħҩ룬ʱҲԲʧ
ħҩѧʦ
ŴԣЩһһ񰮿һ֮вɢŽҹԵĽ
ħҩѧҲħһ֧ڷλ棬ħʦǰһסķ˱뷴ħ˷ʱ䡣ħҩѧħʦ١
ħҩÿһֶӵеħҩܹ䡣еħҩˡеħҩɢ涾еħҩ˶ݵĻָഺеħҩԻָ˵ľÿһħҩѵõıһֻи۹ĻԼһЩ壬ӵһЩħҩ
һħҩܹλںԭ漣֮ǳΪĿ֮еʥءԶǧ


221 ɪ
Цش֪漣֮ȱľˡӽκūŵ漣֮ǡͿԴһƿħҩȻЩūҲһļ۸񣬾Բǿֶ
ķʮħ̩̹۹ֱʦͻع֯Դһ⣡
΢Ц⣬Ҳᱣ֤⣡
ʦģͻȥ֯Դ
ԣҲȥ֯Դ

ЩԸصһ˷ޱȣĽµ
һԲ
̫ħѾʮҡˣ̫ˡ
һ䷿֮ڣվ󣬰Ħżһݵ
ʮңһȾ޿ȫ׼˹˳һδū͸ʣдʣࡣ
浭һЦЩƤȥǮ
һݵĿ棬һȥǧһʮҡ
һʲôҲûеأֻǲһӣôĽҡȶЩšҪ֪Щ֮ǰһǮֵ
Щϧһ̾ϧˣ۸ǵ˵㣡
Ϊ˿漣֮ǣԲô򵥾ͽЩؿزǱ֮еı
ƤһЩЩƤļ۸ѾþˣĿЩƤˣЩš
һĨâĬĬôĽңʱҲ쵽ˡһ뿪ʼ׼ˡ
ھ漣֮ʮһƬƽ̹ĺ·Ѿ佨Ϊһտޱȣһ׵ĵ»ء
Ǹ»ر鲼ָ·ģרֲ̽鼶ǿߣûƬ򣬶пܿµĻء
һĵص棬޽һһƶװҪء
ǻеȻܹڷλ棬ƶװҪйԵӴԼϳɸҩȴҪ
ббƶװҪصغĵ棬̧ͷŰȥ
ǰ֮УһʮƯŮ԰ͼƬϵЩͼƬ֮£ǵ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ۺе鱨ˣ
ǰеͶӰҲһ¹̶¶һŽ𷢱ۣһʨӶ䣬òΪͬʱһ˫ȼŲŭ˫һȴ
ԭ˵۹紦
ڷλ֮УΪ֡⿨ʵϾǱΪĵط
ؼΪƶ񤣬ֻܹһЩɬʵĽԼһЩѳԵĸ
ڿ֮һˣĻѪˡ
ʵһֱĲ۹۹һ˵۹ڣͻŮЩ˵۹۹Ĺ֮ڣͬ飬Ҳ°ӳŮ
ֱ֮µİ˸˿ԼͬǱɰĴڡ
˵۹ķһˣͻὫЩֱӶ
ڿİǻĬĬĽЩİˣΪǵͬ
·һ㣬֮䵮µĺҲͬǰˡﶼܵλԴǵӡ
һɽºһ𷢱ۣһɫβߴԼһװ壬˫弸¶˫޳òʮȴһӢ֮Լʮ꣬һʨӶİŮֳһľϵĻš
һεεĺˮŮĶͷ䵽ϣˮȫʪҲûһ˿иһĽһ׽ȱȫȴȻûзһһ̡áնÿһޱȣ֮˺ա
Ȼ֮䣬ŮȻɫһףϢһһѪֱӴĿء
һ׽ȱȫŮһ׽̫֪̿࣬ѾԼˡ
ûʦָҪгɣΪѡ
浱Ȼ˺֮СݵĴУȻԶǧѾ˼밲ʿѧԺҪʦָͻӴԴ
һԼʮ꣬Ƽݣһè֫ϸ·׾پͻᱻ۶һİСŮһֵ˹ɪս㣬ˣööɱǴˣ
ɪɫ䣬޾ķŭҧгݵôͿʼЩ
νĶ˵۹֮е˻ڶʱʱʱĶǿɨӶһʳҽһ֮еŮץߣԼãֱū˻ȡʡ
һ֮඼ɿлŮµĺһ㶼òȻȲϾһǿŮŮԱҲԶҪߵöࡣ˵Ůū֮Ҳʮܻӭ
˵۹۹ûаѰ˵ͬɱ˿ûаֱ͵²һһһ硣
ɪ˫֮мӿŭһһСèãˡ͹ȥ취ѼǾȻ
ûеСèػɪվͽΨһľСɽȥ
һСɽ£ǿɪվסСɽ塣
ʱСɽ洦ɼһͷͷǺУǵĿжҧСɽİ˴ڵľ׽ţѪĽɽ嶼Ųҽкͱ
ЩսʿɽһŮԣ޼ɵĿЦǡ
Щɪһ˼ıһĻһŭзڶ𣬻ӶľһսʿֱӴȥ
ﻹһƯС椣һ׬ˣץǼҾйʳˣ
սʿӵи߼սʿΪ˫һЦ䵶һһֱӽɪյľɣץסǿɪյԴôӲһֱӽɪհ˵ϡ
ɪô޷սʿѡ
һʨİˣ˵İ֮Уһأ̲סˣھҪ㣡ҲһӵлѪİˣ˵ĳӻ߹Ůأ
սʿһЦ㿪ʼ˺ſɪϵ·˫֮Уš
ΪʲôΪʲôүҪǰһ壡ΪʲôûдֲԸģΪʲôΪʲôҪôǣ
ɪ˫۳죬ѪǼ¸ҵ˫֮ʾѾߵ˼㡣
ӿɪмͬĳڲϵظšг˱ǿܵʹѾˡ


222 ϣû˭ū
úӣǰ˲ûдǣǰûһӻ
һ΢΢̾Ϣ֮һʥĹԣ̤գӰ֮һ˼Ļ
ɪտǴӰ֮߳棬·ںڰĵһ˿ϣĹâ
һͷսʿһĨأµĿɪֱץ˦һߣ췢һХϮԷħʦ
ͷսʿոշХ̤һֱӳǰһľ֮һ
ÿĽ
һͷսʿԺ֮ͷ­ֱӸ߸߷һǻѪ֮
һεѪ潦ȥȴڽӴ֮һһɿһѪҲûմȾϡ
ЩսľԼսѾ֮ߵԼսȥ
ָ0ϷɵͬһЩԴȥ
Щ0İɵһԴ·شûԴһ㣬߿Ѫ˵ϡ
ʮͷ˫ޱȵĹâһֱ˹
ʮͷһǰ֮ʱһΣ˷һ³Ⱥ֮УȫʹѪֶɵرȺնȥ
ͨľֳڼʮѪ֮󣬱ѾࡣȫʹѪֶɵرǷޱȣ֮ЩǼӲĹͷͬһ㱻п
һ⽻֯ʮͷһ±飬Ѫ䡣
ǿǵ𣿡
ɪյ֮еӰӰӣг˷ܺͳݡ۵֮Уͬǿ߾ǿߣҲˡ
Щʵ˿ֲХһ˾ǣһɢȥ
濴Щɢȥüͷ΢΢һ壬ʩչס˰˸ײе֮󣬱ֹͣ׷
ŵǻǿ򲻹ͻѡߣѽȫߡ
ɪ棬ԥһ£ҧʵħʦˣץǵ𣿡
Щ⿨ֵ˲ಶūž嶬ײоӡɪЩµôһ䡣
ɪһ¹ǰ֮һĨ㣬ధҪץץҰɣҿԵŮūҲԵʵ塣ֻ㣬ŹǴˡ
濴µۣԸİŮ΢΢һֽ̾úӣɡҲץǵġֻһ׷Ѱڳ·֮ϵĴħʦ
㹻֪ʶػˣðһ岻衢ٱ˳֮Ϊܹ֡ϵƬ֮ϡطң
һָһâû˿ɪյĶͷ֮ڣһϢֱӡԺ
潫еѪֶɵıݸɪգһ±㣬ʧ
ɪտʧһ㱣ǿ֮еıΪһжλá
ɪյĿһǰŵ֮ʱ˫ŭĻ棬Ǳȥ
ʱ˴дļʮҲۼһ𣬶ǰ˫֮г˳޺Ϳ־֮ɫ
һƵ˫һɣݺݵвģЩ¼֣ǷųҪʲô̵ģͭǲһɱǴͳͳܱߵʮӣҲ⣡ڷǳǻһ
ǲдļʮһһĨ־壬ǲбͭǲɱĴ䲢١ЩˣеĻǴӱɱĴ䵽档
һһȮòͨԥһǰ⼸үųɣ
һŲǶİҲԥţʮֲĵǰǷųɣ
һһèмɫٸ˫֮ų֮ɫҽеܷţɱǣЩǵľǳҵɷͺӣҪЩԲܹŹЩǻǲˣЩԼǳǵˣǵŮˣǻǻǲˣǲˣ
èٸ˻ߵЩ˶ͷһĨΡ
һȮӣ˫ᣬˣǰˣˣǰ˶ֻūūҲһϵˣǣūǵѵΪ˳һҪ弸ʮ˵𣿶ʮ䣬ǼȥˣѾˣǻҪȥ
ǱʵĻ˫ۺᣬҲ뵱ˣҲӵϵĻȥǷλȫ綼ųǡȫ綼Ϊ֣ū뷴ûһ˿
û˻ᴫڰħ似֪ʶû֪ʶûдУǾֻܹһֱȥûС
Ǳ֮еһֱ³һĭЦޣ¼ūʼ¼ū
ϣû˭ūֻҪǲΪԼūôǾ;ԲūЩ
ɪֳѪֶɵĳֱӴһǰһӶնȥ
һոջޱȵʱһնأͷ­¶һ˿㵣ôҲû뵽ԼȻᱻɪնɱ
˶ûзӦ֮ǰɪջӶűһһǰֱնɱǴӿѪһӢ䡢Ѫȵʣ·һѪ֮ɱսŮ
Ȯһ֣һ¹˵ϣɪɪޱȵָɪգɱǣ㾹ȻɱǣˣˣһˣˣˣͭǲʵֵܹĴڡħʦɲʲôʱ򶼻ֵġֻһʱѪǡȵһʱȲһΪһʱʹɱүΪǴĻ
Щ˼һĻǿ⣬Ǻ£֪ǺáǱ˵Ȼɱǰײһ뵽ɱǰײĺо;ֲѡ
ɪ֮ž⣬ȵûУΪʲôǰһңͱ˿ūĲɱһ
Щһ³Ĭһ⣬Ǵӵһֱ˼ȴûлκνۡ
ɪմΪǰһ壬ûԼ飬ûӻŻ衣һΰ鲻֮ǰԸⴹǰһ壬ɳʹǡħʦΰǲǰһȳʹ


223 ط
ȤɪǳɫӦ䣬ֻԵĵһ£ͿķӦκ嶼ţӦþǰһŰɣвȻǧǧжֲСֻȤģ
Ʋ֮ϣħ̺棬ȫϢͶӰǷųȫϢ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ȯһ㶣Ըⴹǰһ𣿡
һڴϣĿһ¼˿ɪյϡ
ɪﻢ£һתûΰֽɳʹָǰһ߳ٳΪ˵ūǰ˾Բū
̫ˣ
̫ˣΰл
ΰ

Щһһޱȵ֮ǵȻΪҲĶɢʧ
֮УʩչطЩϳֱɢ֮΢΢һ̾ǿ֮ǵ֮ÿһֻ¶ﵽǳͽ۷壬޽ӽͽˡѹȻոֶ֮Ρ
ͽΪߡαͽǳͽͽͽʥͽȼ֮⣬αĬĵʱҲṩһ˿֮
һ£ͬʱ䡢ͬǿȣһαṩ֮Ҳֻȵһǳͽṩ֮һǳͽṩ֮൱һͽṩ֮һͽṩ֮൱һͽṩ֮һͽṩ֮൱һʥͽṩ֮
Ȼǿ㹻ߣôǵṩ֮Ҳ֮ǿ࣬Ǹǿ㹻ǿ֣ǵҲʮǿ
Щһ履ѣûӻ֮һѡһ壬Ϊⱥѵһ׵ϣܹṩ֮ͽ
δ½λ֮УЩѪ履׷ɱܾͬ˿ѣϵϣһѪ飬ּǿִǴ붼ͽϵĴڡټӵԶͨ˵ǿȣܹѪ֮صȼ𣬽Ϊ
ڿɪյİ֮£Щǲſʼɨ䣬ԼͬʱЩһһƤʼЩȻóԣȴܹõѵʳ
ʱ⻺ţ΢΢ڣɪվһѪֶɵıѸٵԼ֮ȥ
Լ֮غ󣬿ɪձ΢¹ҫ֮£ʼϰǴ©ٳĽҲΨһܹѧ似
ҪˣĽˣȥֻŪ塣
һ΢¹֮Уһ㵭ʥԣһԻ˳
ʦʮָл־Ǵˣ
ɪһڵϣĿͷлһūİ˽߸лǡ
ɣ
ǣɪһվһ˫峺ᶨĿֱ㹻֪ʶػҵˣðһ岻衢ٱ˳֮Ϊܹ֡ϵƬ֮ϡҸô죿Ը⸶κδֻۣҪеģߡ
һ׷Ѱڳ·֮ϵħʦҪΪҵĽ̻Ľڣǰһ֮дЩԸңûΥİˣҵıӻ
ЩұӻİˣÿԹʳɾˮȫסӵϵĻȥκͼץǵˣҵĵˡҵľӻὫЩͳͳ˺ɷ顣
ɪգԸΪҽ̻Ľڣǰһ֮Уһĵ·ƾһ˵УҪһ岻ϵĿгɹϣ
һʥĹ֮УͬһĻһ㻺
Ը⣡ɪպԥ
һڷλܾӣû˻Ὣ֪ʶڸǡ˻һᣬȻôŹ
һ죬һö֪ʶˮУƽƽſɪշȥһ׿񼶵似ʨս֪ʶˮ㽫һ似
вȱǿʿطδ½ʿ֮Уӵſǿʿط»ʿطҲšſ»ʿطǹϵطҪ̫ߣﲻ
ʨսſ»ʿط֮һʿӷλϵʨ񰢿˹ѧҾطҲѡ˿ɪʨŮԭ֮һ
ɪһץֱһ似֪ʶˮʨսطûԺ֮С
ûãһͷ޴ʨӰȻڿɪյı֣ɢһǿѹŴѪڱʨս
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ѫҵ󡣿ĸ壬ĸ壬һѪᡣһ׬ˣ
ɪ췢һХһսʨ֮ӿһΣǿտֱ֮Ӵһʨȭ
䣡
ɪսһʨȭ֮һȭǴ֮ϣӲǵϺһССȭӡ
ɪ΢΢һΣǰ֮д˳ݺ͸м֮ɫл˴ʨս似ɪĶ顣
΢΢һЦָһһö֪ʶˮٴη˿ɪյУʨս˵۹ʨ似ʨ֮⣬Чáڴһ׹ս䡣似κ嶼۷֮ͬԳΪһսʿ
ƾɪһˣ֧һ壬ӵһ״˶ܹĴ似һʢĸ
ս似ȻȲʨսȼߣһ˵ȴʨսҪöࡣ
ɪֱӽһö֪ʶˮ飬ŹսżУȻ󻺻˫ۣ棬Ȼû˵лĻ֮ȴ˼㡣
֮Լӳּǡʡַ֮ӵǿķҼӳŤǿˮǿ翹ǿǿǿǿڰǿŴ˵δҪ
һһȫʹѪֶɵرԼһȫʹѪֶɵر׵ݸ˿ɪա
ȫʹѪֶɵر۲Ѿʤٴ漶رΨһȱ渽ħǿѪֶɵرҲͬˡڴʱĿɪ˵ı


224 ҵѪҲȵ
ɪմСɽ뿪֮ѸٵĻصԼĴׯ棬˼һ
ɪս˶ټ֮ѾܹˣǱ뿪Ǩ㵽ط
һһԻİ˵ҿ˳һ̾û̫ʳǵҪıǨ㣿ﶼûǰ˵֮أ
ڳİжӿһĨɬ
һһԻͷԣĿ࣬ҿƵĻ˲˺Ȼָſɪվŵһһʨİʵɪգ˭ôûм
ЩҲһŹֵĿ⿴ſɪվŵ仯ɵʨˡ
΢΢һЦǺãΰǵʹ֮һҽп
ϣһɿʿĿֱֲӴ֮ɢѹȵڳЩ
ʿʹطӣپ֮󣬻õʿΪܹģָҲ⡣
ڳİ˴󲿷ʿǣûֵסѹȡ
ʹӵҪǣ
ллأڿˣ

Щ˸ͷųǿƣһ棬૵
˸ӦͷŶ׵ĿֲƣҲһȻĸоʮʵһҲĵز
ҿ˼״Ҳٻݡ
˴伸ʮˣһɱġҪץūҲûκηЩ˶벻ǻʲôԱͼıĶ
չ֮΢΢һЦ˵˿ɪյߡ
һ壬ҪͨɪƿǡϾҪʵ̫ˡʵÿһ鶼ӵΪkǷֵָ飬򣬾ӵ񣬵kҲ۵òУûʱ֡
ɪ֮ڴĹâԭΰԾںԭ棬Ϊǰһ彨һУҾһƬ޴ءпǹʳɾˮȫסӵϵĻȥκ˵ū
һǰ˵ĳУ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ

Щһϲһڰ˵ĳУǰһǧ롣⣬Ҳֻһ룬ûܹʵֹΪû֪ʶûûκԸ⽫֪ʶڸЩİˣΪǱĲܵӵĴڡ
ɪһȻڰ˵ĳУֻгΪΰͽܹĳСҪһУͱΰǰһΨһԸˣڿ뿪
Ըΰ
ҲԸ⣡

ڳİûһܾ棬ʵѹǰֻҪúõĻȥǻ·ǾͻЩ顣
ǵÿǶҪkܹΪkͽkͬɳʹ͸ǣػǣ
ɪȡһа˷ƣȴһɹâ֮У˿е񣬷ϡ
ڣǽһʽǶѧ
ɪ˫ֽգ˫ۣĬġ
ΰ
ǰһߣʥĴڡǹľ־Ĳߣ
ΰ
ս޲ʤս񡭡ػСػ֮񣡡
ΰ
ǽϵ׸ӽ֮󣬽عΪĶܣΪֵһ˺ΪĽΪնһеˡ
ΰ
Ը߾ϵǳ
ڿɪյĴ֮£ЩҲһʼѧϰƣϵĽ
һޱȵ֮Щǵ֮ûһ֮ϡ
濴֮۶ɵһ˿˿֮΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺̤һˣ
֮лϴ󲿷˶Ѿӵ鲻չ񼣵֮У߼ûСūȻӵ顣Ҫ֮дʮѡܿѵİ˾õѡ
ʽ֮ڳļʮ˶˶˱仯·һȫɱ䣬ġ񶼴һ
֮ǰЩ˶ûϣĴڡڣǲſϣ֮⡣
ҿ֮޾ʵɪգϵܱߵĴ򣬴һǰе𣿡
ɪ΢ЦֻҪԸŷİˣװͬǰС
ҿһĨǵȻ˿ΰеİ˶ŷkǶЩֻǶȷ棬չģĶҪʼˣ
˵۹֮е˻ڶʱʱʱĶǿɨӶһʳҽһ֮еŮץߣԼãֱū˻ȡʡ
ɲͭǲһ˲飬˵۹ųڿ
˵۹ŵǰеķᱻΪ촷ۡ
֮ҲţˡˡʨˡˣЩսԶԶͨࡣ
ǿͬзİˣȱȱź͸֪ʶеİ˸ֵ˵۹Ž
İ˼ǳɰǧıɱȻгɰǧİ˱뿨𡣲Щ˵۹ʳ
˵۹žǶʱڣаʹޣҲηĴڡ
ЩŴԣҲ¶֮ɫ
ɪճа취
һĿ⼯˿ɪյϣڴ
ɪջΧһȦڶʽ֮ǰǵвֻͭǲ䡣һǰȥɱͭǲ죡ֻҪɱͭǲȷ治սǾͿȡʮʱ䣡ʮʱ䣬ϵಿ䡣λֵܣԸһͬǰȥɱͭǲ죿
Ը⣡
һԤ֮ȴ
һĿ⼯Ǹ˵ϣ¶˾֮ɫҲʮ־ȡΪǸ˾ǿȰ˲ҪɱǰȮ˿
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ЩսʿҲֻܹǿЩˣǳȥͻɾ޴ı
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ʹˣ

Ȼ֮䣬һԴ󾪺֮
Щһ½Ŀ⼯ϡ
ЩڳŵİҲһ°һĿ⼯ϡ
滯Ŀ붳ҳǣر֮Уͭǲ찢նɱڿڴ֮ѾݱΪ滯Ŀֱһɱ붳ҳǣһۣɱͭǲ찢һϢͽҳǵɱһ롣
Ĵ֮УЩǶ־η
ʹˣû£Ҳ¡ǣҵĺѾûкˮˡֻһˮ󷢴ȱʲô𷣣ͽϡŹҵĺҲҪߡ
һѾƵèˣһֻƼݣԼʮ꣬ԼԿһӣ˫ȴѾΪɺЩѵèŮһ¹ǰİ
ЩѾԭ棬Ҳûһ˿·һӴ󲿶֮иߣǱֻ·һ
ʹˣǴˣҪߣ
ʹˣǴˣһΰɣ

ЩǶ׷׹ڵϣͷ

üͷ΢΢һ壬һɿȲʿĿֲ˲䱬һͺȣֱѹסа˵
ûдҴӦǣֻҪŷͻǹʳɾˮûˣң
ʮֱǸ֮ǰûвѾȵزԲΪһʹʧְˣ
΢΢Щһ񣬵Ǹ
Ƕʿط֮£ʮ˶
ڣǸΰѾӦҵ󣬴Ӧչֵkǲȱʳ͸ɾˮ
һһʥĹԣ̤նУ΢΢ƫɵϷȥ
ЩҲϷȥ
Լ߳һֳһݻȨȣŴһָΰ˵˵ػˮԴԽ֮ͽĸɿʣ
Ļ䣬һƬһ߼ʵĺضʱɫĳ¶һˮľ޴
һĻЩһĿɿڴԼ۾
ԭ֮г֮⣬ûˮԴһ仰һ޴ĳͳЩǰֱ񼣡
ֳǾݻȨȣǳΧһָΰ˵˵ػֱԽ֮ͽļ
һſֱӴǳΧĴ֮г˳Ѹٵĳ죬һſŹĴ
ʮȻѿһɹе㣬һƬ֮лص
ΰʴȵ꣡
ЩǼһĻ𺳣׷˵ϣ뻮һ


229 Ѫɫʨ˹
ЩΰǵˮʳЩˮʳ֮ǰɣ
վ֮УһʥĹԣ֮УҲΪղչֳ񼣣øĪ⣬غʥ
չֳ񼣣Щеãȥδϣ˵ϣ˫ֽǰ˫ۣһ񣬿ʼģΰ
һŨޱȵ֮Щ˵֮û֮С
濴һ֮΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺öͽչ񼣣ȻͽĲֶΣ
Щ񼣣Ȼ֮ǰ׼õСϷƾճֳͽһˮ˵˵أȻõıĤ׺ãٸһƺ׻ˡ
Щ;ķǧħʯ÷ӣֻܹһ죬ͻή
˴Ĵۣһ»˳ǧ˵ͽ滹Ǿ׬ˡ
λÿһʱ䶼ήһЩ񼣣ʾkǵĴڣΪŵkǵӰø֮
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨǣϧǸѪɫʨ˹治һ򵥵Ľɫúÿ죡
ҳǡ
ԭѾһѻ˴ĶҳǣʱѾһ޴ıӪЩ棬һֻһͷѪɫʨӵľ޴ս졣
ѪɫʨʿŲѪɫʨ˹ͳ˧ľšѪɫʨʿ֮ÿһսʿʨսʿÿһ˶սǿߣ˶
ѪɫʨʿҲ˵۹֮ǿһֻӡ
Ѫɫʨʿ֮⣬ǱӪ֮лפżʮֻӣÿһֻӵٵǧҡ
˵۹ȻΪ۹ʵﲿƵӰӼء˵۹Ļʨ塢ֻ˵۹֮ǿ塣ֻܹЩɱиָս޷Ƹľӡ
˵۹Ȼֻһ۹ͬڲ޷øЩ˸֮飬ҲͬԸʨ塢ȫȨһkǵͽἱ½Եkûκκô
ҳڲλãһ޴Ӫ֮ڡ
˭ܸңʲô˾ȻܹǱ붳ҳǣȻɱͭǲİ
һͷ𷢣һʨӶ䣬һʨβĿ࣬òӢѪɫʨ˹ɨ·һۣ
ӪʵԣվѪɫʨʿŵĽԼǸɳ˽죬Щһ䣬һԲ
ͭǲİرػĶҳ֮ڱֱӴɱһѾ˵۹ΪЦͬʱҲʹ˵۹񾭣˹Ż֮죬˵ء
Щ˽춼֪˹ʱȻŭޱȣ˶˵´ŭһħ
Ѫɫʨ˹˫֮һĨ׹⺮ԼҲˡˣȴҳǵЩһգֱ񼫡ͭǲ佫ͳͳͳͳ
ǣ£һޱѪɫʨʿսʿӦһȻѸٵȥ
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һ۹壬ս֮嶼ܹñ˵۹Ľж˹˲ֻ˹ǵ۹бɱ˵۹֮еλߣȻû˸״ŭ
˹ɨһķֵĺһ⣬Ŀǰô
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˹һĨ֮ɫҪΥѵûҵ𣿡
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һվ˹ߵʨ˲䱬һɿʿĿֲǰһһͬһ㣬彫ֱȥ
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Щ˵۹ĽǼһĻһһĨߣȴһһʹͷ­˹۹ǰǾҪҲʮ
˹һĨбĹâЦǸţҾʵȫЩǽԭ֮ǰסݺˮĻҲõġЩּȻܹԭôضˮԴʳûˮԴʳҲԺǵѪǵ⡣ȻץǰﾹȻ˵۹ֻ֪ǵū
Щ˵۹Ľԣж΢΢һ˹ĻȻеЩ˵۹ĽѾˣڳ԰ǻжΪִֻ˵۹Ƕûѡء
˹𣡡
Щ˵۹Ľ뻮һˣ
˹ӻֵˣȥִɣ
Щ˵۹ĽǷ׷뿪ʼԼ
ˣҵĺֶӼ޿˹㻹ʲô𣿡
Щ˵۹ĽǷ׷뿪֮˹ЦЦĿһ𷢱ۣòӢƲƵ
޿˹΢΢һЦװ壬ֻͳ˧ûκ
˹΢Цҳǵ·ҳҲһ󹦡ģЩץİūһС˸ġ
޿˹ʨͳ˧˹⽫ʨڶҳǣΪ˲ü޿˹´󹦡
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˵۹ûһΪǻвЩû֪ʶûûװں֮ڡ
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˹ȻбȴҲʮ־ͨñ֮ǧħʨӵѪɫʿžȫԽʮ׾ٵĻںţԴݵץʮİˡ
Ѫɫԭ֮ڣ滯ĿȻüͷ΢΢һ壬һЦǧѪɫʨʿŵսʿȷûҵĻЩȷʵֵסڣɲͬ
һᣬֱ˽ɪ
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˹蹷Ѿ׷ˡҪȥԸͽˣ


230 
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ɪվͬһԭʯʵѹĴĥ֮ѾԡȫӵΪʮ˵䡣
΢΢ͷһΣԭʧ
һ뿪˴󲿶ӼָòһԾħ̺ħ̺ǧѪɫʨʿǰķȥ
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ħ̺֮ϣĿšյĸֲֳӡħҼħ޵ļＶĻеսޣȫԽǧѪɫʨʿȫߡ
˼Ȼ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺뵽һ⣡
ԭ֮ϡ
Զһֱ
ǧųħʨӵѪɫʿžǰ˽׷ᡣ
ħʨһֳŶǣͨʨҪһȦûгë˺ɫƬײкöٶȿ죬ҿԳ;Ϯһֳ
ħʨʨ񰢿˹ڻǰʱѰ飬ѧϰ֪ʶȻĳÿһͷħʨӳ֮󣬶ӵпȴʿĿֲս
ħʨȻԶԶȲ϶δ½ħһ೬λ֮Уǿһֵ
һײеħʨӶᵨ֣ʮɱ·Ӳ֣ͱħʨӵʨɱ
ǧħʨȫԳһʮİս֮
Щ۹ӵħʦ͸ս˵۹Ұս
ս۹µһҰս˵۹µһسսµһڰǿûвս£½ϵʵ
Ȼ֮䣬һ쫷ȻǺԭ֮дЩħʨֱӾȥɳʯͬʱһɺҲȻ֣ǧħʨС
֮Уֲָֻħʨŵͳʱһȵ壡ٳȥ
ǧħʨٴμ٣ǰȥ
ÿԶһߴʮ׵ľʯһ³ЩħʨǰЩȫټ۵ħʨݺݵײǾʯ֮ϣһײͷѪĲҽС
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˹˵۹Ӻ׷
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λӵħʦӵгǿڡ˵۹Ψһܹ֮ıŷ˾˾³ղ֮λĻ֣ҲӵпʿĿֲʵ
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³һʿʬߣ΢΢ʬƤϸĲ鿴һᣬצһʿʬ廮ƣʬĺѪ۾һᣬĬһһɵĹâ壬ڵĶȫ
³Ħݡźβ͡ʴĲݵʮֶҩƶɵĸ֮ˮо綾һˮֻҪ΢һСڣħʨҲᱻ


231 ڰ˵ĳ
˹Щеʵ˾ſԽ𣿡
˾޷ˮԴ֮еĶأô˹ôģҲֻܹѡظǲԼͼ˵۹ľЦ
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ЩеһЩˮͰ壬ֱӱľͷģˮͰȫκ쳣
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Ȼһʿ֪ʶԨĻҲδܹҵõһֶΡ
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³ˮѾϣӦûж⡣Ϊ˰ȫ֮ǰһ顣Ȼ˺ȡ
˹΢΢ͷʼŲ²ǳˮԴûκ״֮󣬲Щˮ֮󣬲źǳ֮еˮԼѪʨʿŵսʿôӶҳǴˮ
ˮԴ⣬˹ŰŴ׷ˡ
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ǰ˵Ǩʮÿһ˶Щľеǰš
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нֵ񼣣ԼԭûеطߣֻֻǨѾˡ
ǣгǣгˣ

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Ҳͭսףֳһ󵶣ߵԸͬȥ


232 
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Ѫɫʨʿŵսʿһɫ԰ףޱȵĴеսǾԲηκεˡ涾ֻܹ׸ʮֲġ
ٰЩѪɫʨʿŵսʿģʱһԥſɪտȥ
ڷλһǱս֮ϣ˷ֿԸͶһԷὫ֮²ȻһҪ
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Щһ뵽ԼȥҾһ˫۳죬ӵЩѪɫʨʿǷնȥ
Щ֣ú
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ЩѪɫʨʿŵսʿһҲϵЩˡЩȴõشǵһѪɫʨʿսʿ׼ն䡣
ѪȾǰĴأ·ڰʾнվɱ¾ѪΪ顣
ɫĳ֮ԶǵƽϣֳԼǰһеһӰ
꣬ΰ꣡
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ǰȺ֮Уһ±춯صľ޴󻶺֮а˶ڷĺĻĿţһȵĿ⼯ϡ
Щȵİ֮Уܹܵһ˿˿֮ļϡ֮ʱõ֮
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˵۹࣬ûǰλȨأ绽꣬һЩǿƵ໹԰ѳֳ
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ڷλ֮У˸߸ϵ֮⣬漶ǿ߻Ҳܵǿ۹ĿơȻÿһǿĵ۹ṩЩ漶ǿߣҸĵλֻĳЩؼʱ򣬲Żǳ֡
ҲһЩ漶ǿΪȨƺ͸󣬻ΪĳǿĴ֡ϾȨƺ͸Ǵ漶ǿҲδֵܹǵջ
צ˵۹Ĵ漶ǿ֮һӵһɣȻȨȻҲȲЩȫͶ˵۹Ĵ漶ǿߡ
צüͷ΢΢һʵʲôˣôû˵µĴ漶ǿʲôְҵ
æצˣӦòһ漶ǿߡҴ˵ӦһڲʿǳʿİʿҲпһħʦս֮ϣʹħƷ


235 еսʥ
צһĨŭɫһɿޱȵϢ֮װ£ȻҺȥԸһǳʿ𣡡
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צǺԭ֮ţȵ̫֮䣬ϣЩꡣ
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צѾԭ죬ûмŸ֮ǣǲǰţʱ̱ǿ״̬
צȻȴҲǱȻʮԼǼڸǹŰȳǣƣ֮£˵淭ɵצϾֻһ漶սʿûʿôֶֶΡ
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צһ̧ͷ֮ͷеɫȻ䣬ʧԭôк
һڷλ֮Ҳšҽһ֮ȡͳ֮ȵľǾһ塣֮棬˾֮⣬嵮µĺᣬˡޡħǿڡ
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צ֮зĻеһĨ֮ɫ˷ܵ촽һļһﲻ򵥣ȻܹʹԴҽΪʥ֮Ѿþûˣһĥҵ似
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צֱӿȳһѪЩǿĺȻǿز𣿹ֲû˸ȥһЩдˣ
λڳһǿ壬ԻǷԶһһǿĴڡǵǿ󣬿Ѫ֤ġ
λ֮УЩ˸ɵľҪǱ񼶵ǿֱնɱҪôǱһֻСӵĴ漶СΧɱһһܹɵĴ漶ǿߣ֮١
ͷеһ֣Ĵų򣬼Ԧſ磬ſѪһצҧȥ
ס֣
һŭ֮һȱһֻĻʥԵһɫĳٶȣһɫĵâһԵһնͷеϡ
޼᲻ݵĺɫâƿͷеۣ֣һһɫѪǻе
ͷеԭƼϹźάǡۡԼһϵ֮ʯĻеĪϵ֮ʯ֮£ǻеѾҲı仯ȻѪʶһͷŵĺתӵһѪ
һ壬þһͷϹԳ˵ԳʥһŭХһ³˳һ±סͷеβͣһ˦·һֻһγһ㣬ޱȵĽͷеӲ˦˳ȥ


236 ʥ
צӵһԾתһ±ǿ˰˳ɣָ߳ҵս
צЩεԵգлˣһΣҪüʱ˵Ѿˡ
Եûκηϻֱӵǳɣͷʵ̫ǿˡǳʮϵʥϼĴ˾пܽɵ
Ҳһأ˵ͷղӲĽͷе˦˳ȥֻǳͷеѡȻھʥеľ֣Ȼûκοɱԡ
ͷеһһɿȻϣĵֱ֮ӵס˫һתһ׵Ŀֲ֮˲䱬ǹɿֲѾ޽ӽǿʿǿȡ
֮ʯλ֮УǿͨõĻҡԭˣӵӵ޵Ľܣ̺꣬Ķ
ͨװԶԶսţǻеı仯۾΢΢һ
˻е֮⣬滹ĿƼ϶δ½֮ѧս4ĻеܡЩеܴʱսͻѾ̶ֻܹͨװװǵս
ͷеȴͬصϵ֮ʯѾȫڣʮֹɴĻе˻ŻеѪĹڡ֮ʯ󣬿֪
ұ˶δ½ı⣬µȵ֮ʯҵһЩϵȵ֮ʯȴһҲûС
δ½ʷ֮ϣҲϵȵ֮ʯ֡Щϵȵ֮ʯһ֣ͻᱻʿǿߣõұЩı⣬ҲҲһϵȵ֮ʯ
ͷе֮һ׺ݵĹâĶ·˵۹ʥĿצĴųԦſֲĿ磬צֱȥ
ǿˣǾҲϾֻһͷˣ
צһŭХ׹⻷ƣ̤ŹޱȵĲһ»ûһӰͷеȥ
Եרע˫һһ³ǱɫսеĶע棬һ±Ƴһ׵ĵâͷеĳնȥնǻɵĻеǻпӵһս֮
һŭ𣬻˿ֲĶһȭ̩ͬɽѹһ㣬ͷеľ֮ȥȫһȭȫһһеĳš
ͷе˿ܣſѪڣһҧһҧצı壬ޱȵһ´צ棬һĦצֱӱ⽴
һ˲䣬Եһͷеĳ֮ϣӲĽͷеĳնһ޴ĿӣѪӿ
ǽյȭͷҲͬһʱͷеӴľ֮ϣͷе΢΢һᡣ
ʥȫһͷеһߵֱһģһº˰ԵϣԵֱӺùͷѣһͷײ˵ϣһѪˡ
ƣ
ԳʥһŭХԼĶ߶˼ޣһȭͷе֮ϡ
䣡
һȭͷеۼףͷе֮ϣһʮҵѪ
ͷе˿ûգſѪںݺһҧһڽʥԵһҧžһ£ѪѪ֮нһ˵۹ʥֱ䡣
ͷе̳ʥԵ֮תһĨϷ֮ɫһǿޱȵ˲䱬ǱպƵ˿ڣܼٶȣš
ľ֣Щ
ɫҰףһΣźȥĹȻܹ˺ͷеҲ˶ѣ޷شͷָ̬Ļе
ͷеĴųһ֮ϣֱӻһ磬ŽһˣѪһҧֱһڽС
žһ˵۹ĵʥվͱͷеֱҧ飬Ѫ·ɽ
֣λʳ˵ǿڡ˵۹ʥÿһǴ漶ǿߣϧھǰԵЩһǾķ̫ͣλֻѾɾ֧һеλˡ
濴ͷе׾ٵĽ˵۹ʥ̳ԣĬĬ
˵۹ʥÿһǾǿߡĿǰʵֻܹѡߣӾͷеȴ׾ٵĽ˵۹ʥԵǾֵǿ֪
ȻҲͷеѾ޽ӽǿʿо޴Ĺϵͨľ֣ûͷеôǿ
ͷе̳ʥ֮Ȼһ˿¶һɿֲޱȵ֮бۼһѣһεεĺɫѪҺ֮е䡣
һĻ΢΢һҪΪϹž𣿡
ͷеĴ벿ִڶʹϹžάǵʬɡϹžάԭǿǿʿĿֲڣȫ񼶵ǿ໥ɱֻǱӡ̫ãʵŻ˥˴ʿ
ͷеϵȵ֮ʯ󣬽Ǳ޾ҲûȻôͽΪ˰񼶵Ĵڡ
һᣬһΣԭʧ
ûã߷һħ̺ħ̺֮ϣ·ʹŵĻе˳˼֮С
ɱ¾Ѫܡ־壬档ѪܶҵС͸ɣϣܹߵøԶ
һᣬĬģתطһָԼü֮ϡ֮һѪ΢΢һһĴľ֮з˳
ĿأһһѪ˳ָһһɫĹâֱûͷеڡ
һѪһûͷеڣͷеһѪ֮У۳һɣһͻĳޣֱɱ䣬һͻƣΪǿʿĿֲ
νİָȼȴȻûγĴڡ
ڷλ棬˾ֵһЩǿ˼ĳ֮⣬ﶼ֮ȼ𣬲ܹļޣΪӵгԽ׵ĿֲսȲ֮λǿʿ
ˡŶħħһЩǿĳûл֮ҲԼӵпȰǿһĿֲʵ
ͷеڽӵпȰսĿֲǷλϵİ
濴ǳѪһĻе΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ӦñѪˣȤҺڴ㽫ܹʲôӣ
Ȼ֮䣬ͷеһת֮е棬ˣи֡Ұɣ


237 Ī˹۹ʹ
΢΢һ㶣Ҳû뵽ͷеȻҪһ֡
һᣬŻ־ͽɣ
ͷеһЦ֮͸¶˵ĳ죺ǣˣӽҾˡ
ʵҪʳħʯѪ⡢Ǹˮ
֮ǰһֱṩͷеǸˮ֮ʯĹ֮£ͷеȻתΪ˰еѪĴڣҲûֺľ顣
ԣʲôԳԣȻҲʲôԣڣȫտռ֮едǱϵĳȡ߱ӡһûпռĵطҲŻҪҪΪѪԵĴڣ㹻ǿѪһԼȻҪֻܹհѪˡ
Ѫ屾һǿѪҺϽ塣˯ֻ޷յǿѪҺѡһԼֶΡ
ڶδ½Ѫ屻ʿ׷ɱøһȴȻܹһܳԷѪǿɼһߡֻǲ֮λʿʵ̫ǿ󣬲Եڲ֮λѪ岻һˡ
濴΢΢һ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫõһͷսȰһնһͷ񼶴ڵĿֽ꣬һ
Ϊ񼶵ǿڣĵֶһš񼶵ǿߣ㲻УҲѡߡ
ɻԼǻص˹Űȳ֮ڣѧϰŶʿʿҪ֪ʶ
һ֮
ҫͥ鷿֮ڡ
װһ̧֮ͷһȻߵһʵצʥѾ˶ˣ
£צʥѾʮˡ
װһɫѾˡ
Ҷԣһµʹͷ黢װһȻ˵۹֮ѵõͬҲбŭʱ
װһ̾һǻ̫ˣٸ
ǣ£¡
Сʱ֮󣬸̤鷿֮ڡ
ɹһûκܹ޵ǵ£
װһצѾǰԭʮˡ
пЦһ£Ȩһᣬųο£צʥҲµˣûü
װһĿһͬ⵶һ˸ɵϣޱôΪ
ɶʱ亹ֱĬһᣬŻ£΢ΪצʥӦ׶༪ˡȻЩѱڵ۹Ըɡһ˳ĻӦʮǰͻˡôûϢͬʱûϢôǱɱǱԭˡ
װһ΢΢ͷҲôģɣȥ飬Ҫ֪Щ˵ĵϸ
ǣ£ɹӦһȻȥ
ڰװһ֮£˵۹Ӵ鱨һ¶ӣźԭƶ
º
һֻڰǧϵӴ󳵶Ǻԭ֮š
Դںԭӵһ漣֮ǵϢ֮󣬸ȷϢ֮󣬶׷תǰ漣֮ǣ漣֮ǲʳˮ֮ٷֱǰĴ۹нס
һ࣬ЩٵĵҲ
ȻɱʮţҽЩŵ׼£˵·ߣȻ޷赲ǲϳֵĵš
Ȳѵ֮£ЩֻܹγһֻӴĻӡһЩͽҲҴĻ⡣
ˣ漣֮ǣ漣֮Ǳ֮ǰʱ򣬿ӷˣ
ķ̶ӵǰĿԶ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʱ漣֮棬ֲһſž֮Ǿ֮ľ֮£˴ƬƬĺء
һޱȣͬʱʮеľ޴ˮ·漣֮һֱȥЩܵ·֮ʮοˮ·֮ߣһܡ
ˮ·ߣŴľ֮Ǿ֮棬ǻһũũֲԼֿͬʱĿʳʳ
һʻֱţ̺죬Ϊɢ㣬һţƣȥɡ
Ư
ʦ漣֮ǣƯ

һһ漣֮ǵǿĴķ羰̲ס̾
룬һԱվżʮʿĺȻ򿪣һһѳһβòޱȣһ޷ƿ۾һɫβʷĿӴ֮
𷢱۵ĿӴ֮£ԶԶ漣֮ǣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ʦ漣֮ǣлȽϺҵ⡣
΢ͣһ£ֻӴĳӱǰ漣֮ڡ
ķһ漣֮ڣֱԼ۾
ʱ漣֮ڣѾһССķݣÿһݶϣֵ֮֮ԶԶǼķһʱô䣬ֻū
Ϊһ·²鿴ΧĻ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȥ漣֮ǵʦһ˲š
Ӵޱȵĳһ漣֮Ǳֱɢ
ķǰʵ˹ˣǿǰ𣿡
˹һڹ䣬һ˵ɣ
ķӦһæ˵һߣǣˣ
˹漣֮룬ԶԶǸԵ̾ǴֱʣȻܹںԭ֮Ūôһмֱ¡
漣֮һȦ֮˹㣬˼ķǰ
´֮ڡ
ķҵĺѣιʲôϲңһ´żķӭ˹
⼸£ķȻûǰȻʮ֯ԴΪ漣֮ǧūĴˣҲҪӡ
ķЦһ½ܵʦһ£һλΨһ̳˹ˡĪ˹۹ɳʹߣ̸
Ī˹۹͢ǼķСС¼׼˹˳ǵķֲܹĴڡ
ڻˣ΢΢һ̾Ϣһ
ԭطλ൱Խޱȣһֱ졣ֻһֱԿűĴ۹
澹Ȼԭ潨һ漣֮ǣĪ˹۹̩̹۹۹Ĵ󲿷漣֮һ±һĴ󵰸⡣۹ûзӦ֡


238 ٵ
浭ԭĪ˹۹ʹߣҵ漣֮ǣʲô𣿡
˹ϸĴһᣬһЦʦԭһĪ˹۹ǵĪ˹۹֮ϽУ뽻Ī˹۹
Ȼ۹Ϊ˱ںԭ֮ϽǵĹԸһ۹ϮѫĹλҴһѫ죬ΪĪ˹۹һʵ塣
һЦһѫ죬̵ҵ漣֮ǣĪ˹۹Ǻθڡ
漣֮ĲϾӪ֮£ѾȫӻĮ֮аѣΪһĵĳСū͸ߴˣ滨˾޴۴ūؽµġ
һѫһĪ˹۹Ĺλ漣֮֮һļֵ
ʵϣûѡĪ˹۹ӵмٸʦšʿ㣬ǳʿҲǧˡΪĪ˹۹ЧĴħʦˣħʿʮˡ漣֮ж
鱨ʾ漣֮棬ֻǧսʿͰ˰սʿǧ˰սʿ֮СֻΪĵٽǾ֮˲ں֮ڰˡ
ǿֻһˣʦһĴħʦҪĪ˹۹ٴħʦʮħʿڣĪ˹۹Ϊ۹ЧΪһĹʵħʦõĳ·Ī˹۹һֻģΪѡˡ
˹һЦƽв档
ǿޱȵĪ˹۹˹ĺܡʿ㣬ǳʿǧˣٴħʦʮϵħʿĪ˹۹ĵ̡
֮⣬˹û˵ڵǣĪ˹۹֮дССͬǿƣꡣЩĻʿ̡̡ڼǿ߶ϵĻǸֵҪһֹ
Ī˹۹֮ڻĴ壬ЩҲӵ˽֡ЩҲĪ˹۹棬Ī˹۹ֻǿ
Ī˹۹ӵмٸʦšʿ㣬ǳʿҲǧˡΪĪ˹۹ЧĴħʦˣħʿʮˡܹԭߵսʿмˣ
Ī˹۹ޱȣЩʦŷֲڸأмСܹ֮ߵĻӣֻ²򡣡
ħʦҿħŮˡ룬漶ħʦӦòҳ֡ħʦ󲿷ҲԸҽ֡
Ī˹۹ȻǿޱȣֻҪǵսʿԭ֮ڣ޻ءֻҪ˼ΣʮʿĪ˹۹ؾͲҵ漣֮˰ɣ浭һЦ
˹ʮʿȷ漣ֵܹ֮סĪ˹۹Ľƾʲô
΢ЦƾԳ֣漣֮ǾͲܱƣ
λȻ鲢Գ֡Ҳͬŭ飬齵񷣴ݻٵ¼
Ѿ漣֮޽ħŮħŮıӻ֮£ʲôŭԹ飬ϲֱӽ񷣣ݻ漣֮ǡ
ȻĪ˹۹ǲ漣֮ǣħŮҲ档
׵齻׺ͽ̻ǷλʮǰǩԼ֮һ
ʮǰսЩ鱾𡢻׷׳֣ɱŵжԷͽλ󲿷ֵ嶼ɱһաͨ飬ֵסһǴ漶ǿս֮УҲֻ΢ǿڻҰˡ
λĲ״ЩսѾŴһϵеԼԼ񲻵Գ֡
ֹͣԳ֮ȻλȻսޣ˿ȴѸٵĻָҲΪԼĹϵĴڡҲԼι̡
֪һ㲻Գ֣ŷĴ󵨵ںԭ֮н漣֮ǡ
˹΢΢һЦȤʦҾڴıˡֻǴĪ˹۹òǰһˡҶ㱾˻ģϾԭ潨һĳУȷʵһ漣㱻۹ˣɭͶңҿΪ޽һħоħ
λħ֮λʿܼΪƣȻֵǿĻǲ֮λʿܱȽǿڲ֮λ棬һǿʿһǿʿѹһ顣ڷλ棬ħûǿܡ
浭һЦлл벻ôһġ
ʱ˽˹֮΢΢һ㶣ǵһο˿ȱĿӡ
ߣѹˣ̩̹۹ʹǰ
üͷ΢΢һһЦ̩̹۹ʹҲˣǾң
ȹȥǣˣ
ÿãһɫȹһͷҫ۽𷢣ĸѩپһ˫۾·˵һ㣬ͬӻ߳ľŮЦ˽
ɫȹľŮһ䣬䶼·øһĿⶼϡ
˹ԭĪ˹۹ʹ㣡̫ˣҺ㣡
ɫȹľŮһ˹֮бųĹʣһͶ˹ĻУЦ⣬˿ûй˼ڳˡ
ٵȣҵģҵıܹ㣬˵ٴط꣬Ҳſҵ˫֣뿪ˡ˹˵Ŷ黰һɫȹľŮϡ
һٵС㣬ǰʲô£
ٵ赭дĵҲûʲô£̩̹۹漣֮ǽ漣֮ǵĹｨǣȻˣ̩̹۹ġԻ͵ҵĻѾҪʲôľ㡣
ĬĬĸ̾Ǵİ
̩̹۹Ī˹۹ҪԵһô棬̵ֱ漣֮ǡףʵ̫̫
̩̹۹Ī˹۹ûнһСС
˹§ŷٵһЦĪ˹۹ļ۸һ㣡ʦѵһ𣿡
治ɫٿǼ£
˹΢΢ҡͷЦҪʱûõģʮ֮ڣҪǲظĪ˹۹žͻԭ漣֮Ƿ
΢΢һ̾ȻźĪ˹۹ŲþҪǵ۹ıʧˡ
˹ЦôҾĿԴʦôʧɣ


239 
ӵĪ˹۹ͨ뺣漣֮սܶԱ
漣֮棬ӵгǧ˰ˡ
Ϊսģֻ齨ɵһǧ
ѾĵĽǿսʿĶ似ǳڸǧ˰սʿ
Щǳǧ˰սʿʵͻƵʿǿߣҲˡ
ǧ˰սʿ֮⣬滹һūսʿרŸһЩԵĸǧ˰սʿȫų
Ī˹۹ųмʵϸָռһ롣սҲҡ
ĴҪֲأЩ塣ĳһܹõľҲֻмսʿ
׼ѾˣҪ飬ǽŵħʦˡ
ս׼֮վ漣֮ǵĳǽ֮ϣĪ˹۹ڵķһۣһΣֱӴԭʧ
λĪ˹۹ԭĽ紦Ī˹۹ӺԭĵؾǿܵؾʳħЩǿĳСפԭֻǧˡȴΪһսˣ˵ӴҪ
ΪսʿĽפǺҲһҹ֮÷˽ǽԼĻЩսʿͬʱݺҲ׷׻۵Щʿ⡣
ҹĻ٣ڰִء
Ǻڣһ¥֮ȴƻ֮ͨ
ŵĸ߼Ƕʼ¥Ƶء
Ǻԭ漣֮ǣֻǧ˰սʿǿ߸ǽֻһħʦŵսͳˣħʦҲʮˣһħʿ
ǿһֻŽ漣֮ǣʧܵĿܡ
ҵ漣֮ǣǲ˷أҲá
һƵķ֮ڣббпڴǰǷ֮¥֣¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ǻڰڻ֮£˭Ҳûע⣬һֻֻе׶ٵŵĺڴҧһװˮľͰֱ˽ȥ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺иϧܹˡȻһʶƣҾһɱﵡ
¶ַԲܹʹãһʶƣҲܼ򵥡ֻҪݺˮĵطɼħʦػطħ󣬾ܹݺˮú޿ɳ֮
һ׼֮Ī˹۹ķĿһᣬһĨ⡣
ʮʱת˲ţûеõĻظפں֮еҲȻȫźԭ֮ͦ
˴ŴССĳһ·棬ݺˮ
ԭ֮Уȱľݺˮÿһںԭĵˮʳﶼһ֡
Ǻԭоʮ֮ڿںԭ漣֮ǡ
ԭǸҵƤɹøɸɵģ̫ˡһŵ۹ٽݰףףŮ˻Ҫ欵һ߼Ļ֮У˿Լ˫֣Թ
ŵ߼쿴Ů˻ҪӣӹһĨ֮ɫ
Ů˻ҪаĪŵξųҲĪ˹۹ʵ۱Ϊ谮ˡһΣʵ۱⽫Լ谮ΪŵľųҪðĪһ󹦣ź˳ˡ
Īһѩʪë˲촽Լ촽ʪŵ׶࣬Ҹʱ䣡֮ڣй£ͷҡ
׶֮ǰľųΪһСͱȥֱӱʵ۱Ϊ˸ųĪࡣĹǡ
ĪҲʮֽƻ֪Լó£óɱʮִĽֱָӽ˸׶ࡣһ׶ӮĹͣҲԽж׶ϡ
׶ǰһӦһǣ
׶һ뷢԰ףݲϵħʦǰ͸˹ʦȻͰǷʦѹǸʦˡ
͸˹ʦͳ˧ʮħʦһʽħʦķʦ죬һǿޱȵħʿ
ħʿսƻΪֲʩչķʿʩչķʿս֮ϣһСģҲᱻħʿķɱǿߣڷλ֮ȥﶼ𾴡
͸˹ưһħʦֻҪ¶棬ڡ
ˣǾȻˣ
Ҫ𣿡

Ȼ֮УһɧЩŵĸ߼Ǿķ֣漣֮棬Ȼһǧ漣֮ǰкƣļ٣߷˳档
͸˹һĻһЦһȺ׶࣬ҪǷʦųˣ
ûЩɾܹʰǣ
׶һЦһЩūǼʶһŵǿ󡣡
ǣӵʿΪͽǰһ뻮һӦ
ûжãֱͳһǧͳ˧һǧȥ
ԽԽԼͳ˧¶һ˿Ц·𿴵նͷ­һ档ǵĿսһһĺϵװҲޱȣԶͨĹװǵսʿҲսϸѵô룬ǶûʧܵĿܡ

˫Ѿ벻׵ʱȻ߾ٳűһָȵ
ʿʱһнʹ۵һһѪֱӴ׹䡣
Ǳͳ˧ҲһоʹģҽŴϵ
һǧŵǱһͬһֱӵأ
ŵĽһĿɿڴԼ۾
ʲôа͸˹ʦҪңҪúñҡĪһĻг˿־壬һ¶㵽˰͸˹ħʿͬŮһе
ЩŵĽɨ˰Īһۣһж¶һ˿ӡ
һ㣬ͳ˧һǧֱű˹
׶಻ϵǲһֻֻӵǰ
ֻҪ泤һָһֻֻӱֱѪأסֺ
͸˹ϸĿһᣬɫˢһ±ޱȣǶЩ¼ūǣʮֱɵĸǵսʿ˶
Īһؽеж𣿰͸˹ʦҪȾҰҲĲ
͸˹Ĭģʩչһ鶾ԣһɵķâһڳŵĽϡ


240 
һŵĺһ³нԼʦŵĳԱϡ
˼һĻһ󾪺
жˣ
жˣʲôʱ飡
ģʲôʱ飿ʲôʱ¶ˣ

ЩŵĽһж޾ľ֮ɫ۷׷ף˿־塣
ĪȡһͭһᣬһеҵҪҵô
Īһ޾׵˻ʵ۱µƯǻʵ۱µҲȥ
Īһ±ס˰͸˹ʦһֱۣİ͸˹ʦңȾңһص۶һñ¸ʹ͡
ҪţֶҩǲɽĶҩҡ͸˹ﻹû˵꣬ԼеЦЦĿһۡ
һɾʹӰ͸˹ӿҲƵֱһѪ̱ڵϣ޷
ħʦȻǿ󣬿ǵ̫ĶֻҪ治ʩʱ䣬Ǹ޵ֿ֮
ŵĽһѪأǴ˧ĴҲȻ˵ϡ
Ϊ֮սʿӴܣսʿӴܵһ룬׷Ѫ̱˵ϣ޷
漣֮֮Уһӿ˰ǧūսʿŵĲбȥ
ǰǧūսʿӲ̲Уץ²һһĺá
˲սʿƴ˺ԭ֮⣬սʿЩūսʿܡ
Сʱ֮ͳ˧һǧĽ漣֮ǡ
漣֮ǵĵ·ߣվū
ʤ漣֮Ǳʤ
һ漣֮ǣ߾ٳ
ʤ
漣֮Ǳʤ
ʦ꣡
ʦ꣡

漣֮棬һ´춯صĻ֮Щūǿ棬ж˳֮ɫ
һǧֱ䴩żɱñ飬Ҳֻд˵֮ܵӻӵоĴӢۿ԰쵽
ȵĻ֮УӦһ˿˿֮֮ϡȻһս漣֮֮еǿһء
ҹ
漣֮ǵļ档
һ޴ļ棬һٶħʦһٶħʦһɿֲʹħܹ׵Ĵݻһֻǧ˵ľӡϧΪĶҩһʵûзӳѾܡ
滺߽ŰͲԼʮţ˵ĸ֡
˽һٶħʦ¶һɳ֮ɫ
ɨһٶħʦһ۵漣֮ǵĳʦڣǣԸΪЧˣվߣԸĿԭأվұߡ
һٶħʦ棬ж¶һ˿֮ɫǿɶޱȵħʦôԸЧһûбȣĪ˹۹˷ʦ
һᣬûκħʦж˫ġ
Ͳֱǰָһħʦ㣬ԸԸΪҼЧ
ħʦֱһĭޱȵޣһȺ¼ū
ȻԸǾȥͲĿֱǰһħʦԴֱӿѪһη֮һء
һħʦһĻ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˫֮ӿ޾Ŀ־塣ǿǸ߹ޱȵħʦȥﶼܵ˵𾴡Ϊ˷²ҲóԺúȵдǣȴǡ
һ߹ħʦȻһͼİūԵأֱ˼顣
һħʦɫǿǸ߹ħʦ㾹Ȼһūɱ˿ǡȥԲħʦͶ㡣λħʦΪС
赭дȫ£ʹȥ𣿡
һٶħʦԣһ
һħʦȻԸ֧𣡣ʮңһңԸ֧һɡ
ħʦԶͨҪǮö࣬ˣһҶһħʦ˵ҲһСĿһһҲһħʦ
ЩϧҡҡͷܿϧڲȱǮȱħʦǼȻԼôֻΪЧѡ񡣡
Ͳóָһħʦ㣬ԸԸΪҼЧ
ħʦһԥ֮С
ͲֱӺԥһħʦԴֱնȻԸǾȥ
ͷ­ħʦʬ壬Щħʦȫб˿־塣
Ͳóָһħʦ㣬ԸԸΪҼЧ
ħʦɫ䣬ֱվߣеԸ⣬ɱң
в֮£һħʦԥţεվߡʮԸͶħʦֱӱͲԴ
Ǽ棬ֻܿʣ˰͸˹һˡ
͸˹ҲԸΪЧҲҪɱ𣿡
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͸˹һһͬħŮͽɱ¾ǣѵħŮŭ𣿡
һЦŮĳУЩħʦȻһŮӻĳУûаǵˣڻѾǸˡ
Щħʦһһֻÿһ±˼֡ڻϱǿǱն׻Ҫп̷
͸˹ҲҭûԡĬ˺һᣬճһ̾ðɣԸΪЧ

ָһһֻֻװҺ̬׻ҩֱӷɳЩħʦֱ۴ȥ
Щħʦɫ΢΢һ䣬ǿһ߾ʬ֮һ³ĬƾЩǵֱ֮ϡ
ЩҺ̬ҩעЩħʦ֮һָЩħʦֻһʹһſڣһɫҺһ´ǵĿ³أȳޱȡ
³һɫҺ֮ЩħʦǶʱһ±ˬࡣ
浭ҩܹǵ嶾أͬʱܹǿǵʡһҪңЩҩҲֱӽɱһ䣬ϣǲҪɵ¡
ЩħʦԣɫȻһ䣬һ³Ĭ
ħ֮аħҩӵޱȵһֿԿ˵ħҩҲûʲôϡ档
˫ġ
ʮŮ˽һˣʲôԸ
ǽʽħʦһָЩħʦǶȥúðţ
һ֮תЩħʦǣˣλħʦˣǸ
Щħʦһۣһ̾׷ȥ
תǼȥֱƿһ䡣
Ƿһˣһ֮˰Īࡣ
һŮ˻ҪŮ˵ˣһǸ䣬Ī֮۾΢΢һһ䡣
Ī࿴֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʵʲôˣ
΢΢һЦеĪཫסûϰ𣿡
Ī·ŮһЩʵĴϰߡʵ̫ࡢ̫ˣûе̺ûкƣҲûѬ㣬һҲ뿪һ֧һҹ
ʮˬãͷ뿪ϣ뿪֮󣬽ܹһ͹
Ī΢΢һ㶵ߣ
û̫࣬һҲȫѡʮεĻһͬ뿪ǻΪ׼ˮʳҪͳ˧ǣǾƵ뿪
Īһɵʲôͼ
浭Ī˹۹ƴ漣ֻܹ֮ʤܹʧܡҲгһգһҪĪڻʵ۱ǰΪԼ䡣
ĪĿ˸¶һ˿Ц⣺õģڻʵ۱ǰеǸʱ򣬶ȻΪԼ䡣
ϣĪͰĪѡʮһˣҸ˰Īˮʳ
ŰĪȥıӰһᣬʵˣһ²ĪǺòץžųˡǲ̫ˣ
ȻʵĪô
ޱȵһųĪ˹ʵۼֱϹۡ
浭һЦɲһһĪ˹ʵ۱¿еһʮֻһ˻Щĳ֮ڣҲһ¡ֻʣĪ˹۹࿨һ˻š˵
ʱһг𺧡УǰĪ˾һƨɵӡһӣȻĪ˹۹سһĪ๬֮͢ǿ֪
ζˣǿɲɱҪıǲУĪ˹۹һŲûЩ棬ǿ⣡
Ĭ˺һᣬżᶨĵͷ


241 ʮ
ǡ
Դŵ뿪֮оʧȥ˲֮ǰķ֡
ЩŮǶû뿪ǶڴŴʤ飬ǾܹٴκúõĴ׬һʡ
⣬̳һֻǧ˵ͬһźڵλü۶
ϮϮ
Ǻ֮ϣһѲߵսʿһֻǧӣɫȻ䣬е
УڶʱһңһӶսʿЩ֮˳ǽ֮ϣ˵жɲ˻̿֡
ųܹͬսľ񲿶ӳһգֻʣһǧطسǡ
һǧطѹһЩҺͺڰӻǿǿҪսȴǴûо顣ԭ֮ϵĵؾܵؾʳħԲһгǽػУΪе졣
һسǹٿͳ˧ǧʱһú£ǶܹǣӦˣֻҪǽճţͲκ⣡
һЦĬģǳһָʩչ˶汬ơ
һʸֱӷɳǳ֮ϡ
һ죬Ǻǵĳֱķѣ·ɽ
λ֮еĳҲΪͨźĳšЩͨĳŸסĺըȻĪ˹۹Ƶĳţ漶Ҳܺ顣
سǹٶʱһƬȻڳǽ֮ϣг˿־壬ħʦ֮ħʦ
Ƴǣ߲ɱ
泤һָǣȵ
Ƴǣ߲ɱ
Ƴǣ߲ɱ

ǧ뻮һŭֱ֮Ǻǵسսʿĵɥ
ҳ壡
һһȣһȣǺֱӳȥ
ǧͬźѹȥ
֮ϵؾһе壬ûκηӦĿǧֱɱ˳֮ڡ
ǧһڣ㿪ʼѸٵĽӹųһС
ÿãǧǿѧ漣֮ҲڴӺ󷽸ѸٵĽӹһС
̲һͳ˧ǧֱĪ˹۹ĸ֮ںݺݴȥ
Ī˹۹Ƭǿһֻţһȫûںԭһ±˺ѳһ޴Ŀӡ
ǧ޴Ŀֱײʮ֮ڣʮУҽʮϴһգ˿ڡԼֲƸͳͳ°һգԴԴϵ漣֮ת˹ȥ
Īɭʡһӵʮǣʮб湥֮󣬽ķ֮һĪɭʡһС
Ī˹۹Ϊ֮𶯣ĪɭʡܶһʮѪ飬ŵ۹Ԯ
ĪɭʡͲǱ߾Уʡ֮ǿĲӾšűɵ֮Īɭʡ֮ڿޱȣֻʮطɢС
ʮطרάΰѹĪɭʡҵĲӡǵսҰսȫͬնĪɭʡƽѾãʮطѾȫòʮطӣʵϲ򣬶Ҵ󲿷ֶǾӳٵѣսԡ
֮£ĪɭʡֱһĴ󵰸⣬һͱֱͱһ޴ĿҺݺݵҧһڡ
ĪɭʡܶΨһľҷбĹĪɭʡ׸档
פĪɭʡҮʡİ֮ҲĪ˹۹һֽĪɭʡֱӽ
žȻϡ˳ԾĪҲͰˣ׶һսϽôôװУ
һĪ˹۹ٽԼʮ꣬òΪӢİ֮ų
Īɭʡ֮ǿľţĪ˹۹һħʿʮħʦһٶħʦԼһǧħѧͽһӴħʦšô룬Ҳ漣֮ôһ齨ãս˵С
һѸǰ㱨ųˣǷ漣֮ǵӣ
üͷһʲôط
æǰϷʮҵĵطǺոϴһУƱŰѳǵķƶ
ĿһǸ³ͿǣЩǿ϶ոϴ³ͿǡǰĿ갲ѳǡȥЩǿĺ·
֮ŵսʿٶȻӿ죬Űѳǵķƶ
밲ѳһĵط֮ʱ֮㿴ǧÿһ϶һСͬʱǧߣżǧƥÿһƥ϶ž޴İӴĲƸѹԭȥǧһߵüȲ߻Ҫϼ֡
ǰ֮һͳ˧ǧһ۾ˣ˫۶¶̰֮ɫ
ĿһֳָӵһһָȵֵǣЩ棡ɱǣϵĲƸǵģһһҪ
ɱ
ɱɱǣ
ɱǣЩƸǵˣ

ǰ֮սʿǵʿһ˼ޣ˫۳죬Щǵͳ˧֮£ȿֺǧȥ
Ѷ£ɨЩ֮սʿһۣһЦ
ǧһ½ϵİ£һ˦˦˵ϡ鱦Щ֮أλۡ
ǧһӣЩƥ֮ϵĽ鱦Ҳһɢ˴֮ϣһƬ򣬷·һ鱦һ㣬Ķ

еĲƱ֮һЦֱӵתӣǧŰѳǵķȥ
ҵģ
ЩƱҵģ
ģ˭ҵĻƽҾͿ˭

ǰ֮սʿһ嵽ǽ鱦򣬱㲻жȿֺЩ鱦һ˫۶ˡΪЩ鱦սʿֱӰε
Ī˹۹սʿÿһµľýֻһңϵıʯٿٽңǧҡֻҪһ鱦ʯ൱ǼʮꡢϰнˮȻΪ֮
رѾŵ˭ĲƸ͹˭͸ӻҡս⣬ֻ֪Щ鱦֮ĽҲ˺鱦Ķ֮С
ɽޱȴغǶҪˣҪˣںΣգ漣֮ǵҲһԵǻң
ߵױ֮⣬Ҳûġ˶Щ鱦ݡ
ʱˣһ壡
ͨʦ֮ۿǻҵĳһЦŰ֮ڵλֱӳȥ


242 ֮ܰ
ԶԶһ̳ɫ䣬ӣӣ漣֮ǵˣ
ǰ֮սʿǶѾƻޱȣɢڵϵ鱦ֻһЩӦɵȴҲ޷֯һֻɽƵĲӡ
ͳ˧ŵǧܿɱͬһһֱӴ˶һ㽫֮սʿֳ룬ɱ˸Դ
ǰ֮޷֮ͬһ㱻ͳ˧ŵǧ׷ɱ
Щ֮еĺ֮ովۼһţͱֱӴǧȫնɱ
Щڵ鱦İ֮սʿ˹ǻعѾϤսѺͳ٣һЩ֮ǰ鱦İˡ
ǰ֮һȫȿֺ˷ȥҲ޷֯
ȥɣ
һŭХ֮һ±һǳʿĶһ԰ޱȵֱ̬ӳһ̩ɽѹ֮նȥ
ɽ֮£Ψһתսֵķţһնɱ
ɿĪ˹۹ţʮ꣬ѾǳʿĶƾǿֲǳʿնɱǿߣҡ
ھ֮УƾŸ˵ľնɱ˶ԷĴ󽫣תս֡һĵ˾ųĸλ
üͷһ˿ûܣֳѪֶɵħһɺݺնȥ

˫ɾĿ֮Уĳֱӱնϣޱȵħһ˲֮㽫ֱնء
ͬһʱ䣬ҲǿֲĶֱɣϵ䣬һߣȳһѪ
ϧʵ̫ˣ
ɨһۣһ䣬һԾֱһƥϣǰ֮׷ȥ
൱һɾֱܹӽɣԼˡɱһնɱ˫֮ϵľ޴ࡣ
һõǿ˵ͬҪΪˣ漣֮еħŻ˵ķ
ǧһֱ׷ɱ˰֮ʮնɱǧҵİ֮սʿ֮۷˻˰ѳǡ
ǰ֮սʿֻǧбǱӻҮʡ档
Үʡ֮ǧб£󷽣ͬʱʡ֮һֻսŰ֮ҮʡĪɭʡ߾
֮֮ҮʡܶĲôԮѾôԱˡǧһɱҮʡָ츲أܶҲͷˡ
ѳڡ
վǰѳǳǽ֮ϣԶĪ˹۹ĸ̾˿ϧұ̫٣ĪɭʡͶˡ
ÿѵǧʮ֮Ĵ֮ʮǣȻ֮ܰռսѾǧƣҲòֹͣ˼ƽ
ϾԶʮСʱϵսͳ˧˴ʱѾűһɨյĻȡĪɭʡˡ
󷽵һūսʿսĪɭʡĵطӶ硣սҲֻǰװˡ
ģս֮У漣֮ǵǳһ¾ͱ¶˳Ī˹۹ʮΣԪˡֻҪһΣ漣֮Ǿͻᱻ̵˫֮ϵľԲࡣ
ʦ̫ˣȻźͰ֮ţһɫ˲š
һЦ֮˹ǰѳǵĳǽһ˳
ٵЦ绨˹ߣÿһ˹Ĳϣ·˹Ӱӡ
Ŀɢſֲֳִ̽սʿҲӲض·
սʿĺ󷽣վħʦһĶ档
üͷ΢΢һôģ
һޱȣⰲѳͬ΢ͼ豸޼ǡЩΪʲô˹ܹϢǱߡ
˹΢Цʦķĺǿ¼䣬ҲֻһħʦװķٵҲһħʿƭһħʦĸ֪ûģ
üͷ΢΢һٵС㣬˵̩̹۹Ī˹۹ΪʲôҪ˹ңĪ˹۹ƻԽ̩̹࣬۹˵Խ𣿡
˵úеٵĴ۾һգһգģȻһЦǣҰ˹ȻҪ㣬ҾͰģҲŲôࡣ
ǧ˵ǶٵֱӶסˣֱͷԵŮˣһһħʿǿߣЩˡ
һףֶ԰صľɫŮֱĿ֮еŮҲ˹һ˿ʡ
˹Цʦ˲ţǺɭʮҪǺɭ壬ǳɫչʾĿռ䡣
üͷ΢΢һ嵭Ҳأ
˹Ȼʮţһ˿̻֮룬ôʮźǵˡʵ۱ѾΪ׼ͣ͡ҲʮĶأ
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ʦħǳҺϲ
˹һЦֱǰ̤һǳʿĿֲ˲䱬ħ˲ʣûͬǳһĽ⣬˺ʮѪħٵķһնʮѪħٵӺġ
ʮѪħٵӺһ飬ͬԱһ㣬еһ¿ήɢ˵ϣɢһ̣𽥱
ش
ٵȻһЦĬģȡһɫĴ漶ħȣһָһɫķâȥ
ϵķԵֵַʮԵֵϵĹֻƾǿ־õĵֵ鷨ķš
һشһ棬һͷʹѣ˫һ
սʿ˲䱬˲ʿĿֲӲͬķնȥ
ǧһ֮ʣ澫֮еĿ־һһɿ־ħ˲鲼Ļ֮г˳
˲˫Ŀۣһɿ־˲䱬һ춯صĺ֮
ǿ־ܵı֮£ڳ˶һ٣ж·ͣһɲǡ
ʣһޱȵĽ⣬һµĻΣʿ֮һʡ


243 ܷ
ʿ˲һ±룬ѪĽ
ʿħʦҲһ˲ʩһָʩչ˷ٶһ
ŻޱȵĻݺݵĺ֮ϣֲĸºͻ˲佫ɡ
Ȼּ򵥣ȴĵƻϵһ֮һʿʩչӦķֵĻҲᱻˣǸɵ
ǿֲĻ֮Уһδ˻棬˲ħʦ֮ǰһħʦһͷ­߸߷޾Ѫǵǻ֮ءôҲţȻ˳סǻĺըܹǷ
һĻٵü΢΢һ壬һӣʮεķȻߣγһ޴ķ֣ͬʱһƮֱӷ˰УƮȥ
սʿħʦħʦӵзܹսʿǿߡλԶԶսʿ֮ϡ
ħ˫ޣʦһСˣ
˹߿һὣ˷ٵȵǰһĨ֮ɫ
һǳʿһħʿΧ֮£澹Ȼܹɱʿħʦսֱƿֲ
ǾȻɱңǵ֮أ
ǻ鲼ۣͬһκһ棬˫۱һޱȵɱ𣬺
˹ֳ漣֮ħһָ棬Ȼǳʥ˹˹ǰĽ
ٵ΢΢һ䣬һ±ǿޱȵľշȣʱʩչµķ
Ǿսɣ
һŭХһΣֱӴǰѳǳǽ֮£ų֮ڣȥ
һһ滹˹һս˹ϷٵȣһʿδǶֵĶ֡Ҳûսʤǵİա
˹ŭ֮һгڳһصļơһնɱʿǿɱħʦһĻ̫ޣҲѡȡϾ뷨ٵ֣һħ˫޵ĴħʦҲԲǵĶ֡
ѡߣ˹ͷٵȶ΢΢һû뵽ղŻӢ˵ãһսģ澹Ȼѡߡ
޳ܵļһȥ
ٵ΢΢ɫ䣬һҧһӡ
һ׶򡢵ش̡еһԪƻϵ˲ȥ
ڷٵǸһԪƻϵĺը֮£Ҳȴ߶ӽһԪϵƻն顣Щ޷նķҲֻܹƾ֮۵ķӲ
ٵȵľ·޾һ㣬һû֧ŶãѪ֮Ҳ˺飬Ѫ졣
Ԫϵ֮⣬ͷʹѡ֪ҵϵٵҲʩչϡ
ȻĶʿһЩͼ䣬˲ǿȻʱʱͷĿѣ左ء
ٵһ֣Ҳ޷룬ֻܹվԭأƴĵֵŸַ޻֮
˹һΣͬһ㣬ѸٵķӶ
Ȼһȵ͸˹ǻ֣ҪˣͳͳҪᣡ

ڰߣ
־
𺳣



һ֮ڣһٶȻʩչ˹ĺȥ
һٶȫ˷ĸ򣬾ǳʿУҲֻ·һʿҲӲһٶը
Ҫٵȷһޱȵļ֮ȻĿһٶ˹ȫɡ
һ׹˹ޱȵĴһٶĺ֮Уǳǽ֮ϣɫ԰ף亹ֱӵһһԵıħƷѾһٶɱ
˹ŴǷ֮л߳һٶħʦг֮ɫ͸˹ʦôôΪЧ
ɱǣ
ǣˣ͸˹Цһ£߾ħȣ˹һָĬһġ
ʮħʦѸٵĬģǷʦ֮мӳ˸ǿķ
ħʦħʦһķʦŲǿս

˹ɫ䣬һΣѸٵŰѳȥ
ڰ֮еķٵҲʩչַһ⣬֮׹䣬˹һߡ
һħʿһǳʿҪԿһӵħʿѹķʦţǼֱ
濴˹ͷٵߵıӰüͷ΢΢һ壺鷳ЩǿߣҪɵǹȻûô򵥣
ĴԪ棬ӵļＶǿеսޡųЩеսޣҲܹɱ˹ͷٵȡһĪ˹۹ͻٴ߶ӵȼһɱģֻ¾һȺ漶ǿˡ
Ȼ͸˹
͸˹Ӧڡ
浭ȻǷʦˣǾ͸ڶһ𣬽ǰɣ
һžǿѵǧһ漣֮Ǵ󲿷ֵĸ֡
ڶǧūɵ¾šڶŵսΪ£Ȼװ˴֮нɻĴװսҲĪɭʡĵطӻҪöࡣ
ڶžʵٵӣħʦǿޱȵս֧֣ĪɭʡҲûһֻܹ֮⡣
һħʿ쵼һٶʽħʦսõпܻɱһ漶ĽʥħʦŵĿֲ֮Ȼ漶ĽʥǷʦҲпڲһ֮ڱȫ
͸˹һʦĪ˹۹ǿܹġıľˣĪɭʡҲزס
Ī˹۹ǷλΪĵĴ۹֮һҲϵֵ֧ĵ۹
λʷ֮ϣճŽԼĹȣвĪ˹۹ͳΡȻһ֮ѡᡢ񼶵Ӣ۷׷׳Ī˹۹ָ֮£ЩճԼǴĹֱӴݻ١
Ī˹۹̩̹۹۹ǲܱݻٵĹȣ͸˹Ųòпʵ
浭һЦûϵҲûдסĪɭʡֻҪĪɭʡһգ˿ȫר̩̹۹Ϳձˡ
͸˹һףΪʲôÿһУ㽫Ǹ˿°һգ漣֮͡
ĪɭʡôһŪʮ֮޷ָԪĪ˹۹ҪĪɭʡ棬øӵѡ
͸˹ԥһ£ҧˣ̫п𣿡
п᣿΢΢һ㶣ȻһЦԭһۣսܵң漣֮Ǽ˻ʲô³͸˹ʦò᲻֪ɣʱΪʲôû뵽пʣ
͸˹ʱƿԡ
漣֮սܣ˶ᱻץΪūˡ漣֮еĲƸҲᱻӶһա
ʱ͸˹ûа漣֮ū˿ʦҲûбʱôὫпʷϡ
浭ˣ͸˹ʦѾ漣֮ǵˡ趼漣֮Ϊһ塣㽫ֵúãһԽħʦķ㣬ΪһǿĴħʦ
ħʦ
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ڷλ֮УеħʦյĿ꣬ǽΪħʦ
һħʦΪħʦͿմħļڴħ֮Увٿǿʡӳķ
ڷλ֮УֻнΪħʦ֮ħʦŻﵽϡҲǷλħʦ֮һ
Ҫ֪ڲ֮λ֮УһʽһʿӵռһЩٵҩҲ⡣ڷλ棬һʽħʦͨ˲
һֱӶһħʼǣƽƽŰ͸˹ȥ
͸˹ӹһħʼǣһ˫֮һĨ֮ɫеһħʼǣǽһħʿν״ħʦħʼǡ
ħʿ׳Ϊħʦħʼǣֵǡһ㶼ڴ塢۹ҡ̻ǿ֮ڡ
͸˹ƽħʿֻΪ۹ܹӦħ֪ʶҲǵ۹ħʦǵһ
͸˹ܹΪħʿѾħţܵżҲһֱûн״ħʦħŪ֡潫ǽ׳Ϊħʦıʼ͸г˿ϲ
͸˹΢΢һݵˣģһѭ취ʦǣĪɭʡгж£
浭ȥɣ
ǡ
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֮ϣѾվرЩرݾֵĿųǧ漣֮ǵڶŵսʿ


244 ǿħʦ
ǧ漣֮ǵڶŵսʿʵ϶һЩūѵʱҲֻһ¡սδرȵЩرǴŴŽɻװϿһ׺ޱȣĲ
ֳָӳһָǽȵ漣֮ǵڶžųͶ򣬳֮󣬳ͳͳҪΪū
һسǹٴĹҪģЩں֮ڣеûдôܹǵǣҲһ֮ǶħԲܹǡֻҪסǣǻӵ֮ٻ˶ǹ壡
ǽŴݻ٣Ȼ󽫰ֱ֮ɱĪɭʡӣӶƸѾĪ˹۹˳֮Ϊħŷɥ
سǹٵĻЩսʿŻָһЩʿΪĵڶȷʵһ㹥еûС
͸˹ʦ鷳ˣ
˻˵ڶ֮ڣŰ͸˹ʮֿ
ħʦڷλĵλߣ͸˹ǱͶ档ҲԸΪħʿİ͸˹
͸˹΢΢ͷһٶʽħʦ˳
ڶŵսʿֳִܣЩħʦǵǰԼػħʦΨһ
͸˹Ĭģֳħȣǳһָʩչ߼ơ
һγɵļʸͬһ㣬ǳֱӺȥ
䣡
һ춯صľ죬ǳֱӱըķѣ¶һ󶴡
ħħħʦ
سǹЩؽе

Ӱߣ
ʴߣ

ЩħʦĬųǽ֮һָͬһųǽ֮Ϻȥ
ޱȵĲҽдǵĳǽ֮ϴֻһһٶʿ˸ħĺը֮¡
һָȵҳ壡
ʿͳʱǧڶŵսʿֱӳɱȥ
ƣһһħʦѹƣǵķܿͱѹȥҲС
һУȱ֯һֻūӣͬһʮɵϴǣмֵĶϴһգȻ漣֮ǵķͶȥ
ЩʱֶͨδطŪֵūߴˣΪӦⳡͻսһūѾΪڶšһūǱΪӣָӣרŸʡ
漣֮ǶԱͬ˷һսڷתһֱʤͿתȥһʧһΣ˷սͻȫ
֮ǵڶ˺ü죬ųǰȥһеǳǡ
ǿħʦֱӴݻ˵ǳǵĵֿõڶֱռС
һߣϵҲΪһŵǧĪɭʡ֮һһк޷صС
ĪɭܶһѪ۶͸Үʡ֧ܶԮҮʡܶᶨĹ᳹ѾѲɽж׼򣬲һһ䣬ϵʡ֮ļʿ֮棬ϵѵָŰ֮ŵʵ
Ī˹۹Ҳû뵽֮һžȻֱӻ˶ӣʼĪɭʡ󷽼ʡſʼᣬĪɭʡǰ
һҪĪ˹۹ûôһս׼ִ֮䣬޷Э
ԭĪ˹۹Ĵ㣬һžѾ㹻漣֮ǣû뵽ʧܵĿܡݵĶڻ㡣
š֮֮Ī˹۹׼ľͱ¶˳Ӵĵ۹ݺ;ͽȴΪǰû׼ãݵĵʮѡ
ӼʡжٶҲΪڵԵʣǰʮֻ
ʮ֮漣֮ǵĵһڶڰ֮³ɹʦ
ǰԶԶĿǰǣһĨ֮ɫ
ǳǽߴʮףͨʹƸɣ漶ķҲֵܹһǵĳʹõħǳħɣҾħʦķӳ֣ȫԵֵ漶ķ
ǰڲӵһ̫Ĵ
ĪɭʡҲ̫ĵҪĴ̵֮һ
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ľ޳ǣ̫ʦ֧֣ĿǰʵǶô漶ĻеսޣƳǣ
涢ǰǣĿ˸вðһļƲߣȻһķ¶߶ûеսޣô룬ûϣݰǡ
һеͽѵˡ
µֻӣһֻţһֻūšֻŶû̫ḻĹǾ顣
϶߰͸˹ʦֱħţȻƳǶ롣ҵĹսȴһҲûд
ŰǿһһĨ⣺΢̽һ£ٿɣʵԹ£Ǿˣ
ǧǧūսʿ漣֮ǵǸûֻӣͻᱻ
ҰսĽѾǾ֮ĪɭܶļĴسսȴǲͬسս֮УǸոļ״ҲһսӵսʿʮôսʿʮһսҲԽͳͳĹ⡣
Ȼ֮䣬Ӱǳ֮ɱ֮شＸʮİǳһ±
ǳǽ֮ϣһһ졣
һĻڣ漣֮ǵн춼ĿɿڴԼ۾Լһ޴塣
Ѿſһ޴Ľ磬̫Ĵͷŵǿ硣ҲðԼĻеӬһĶɽȥ飬һ¶пܻᱻ鱾׷ɱ
򵱻ϵϣǧѷĺûᣡǲ壬ǶӦ˳һ壡
ת֮䣬˾£˳һ£û⣬źţ
ǣϣ
ӵдʿΪĴ߶սǰԼȥ
Լ˶һŵĶ
ֻһɱ˰֮ڣûжãһź̻һѸٵĲأ˷ܴеˣϣˣ
浱ǣ
ϣһǧֱɱ˰ڡ
һڣ㿴һƬң֮ڶһŵķӶȥ


245 ȡ
һԵʮָǰ¶ޣϣ
濴˵ޣǰ̩˹ˣ
̩˹Դӻ溣Ǯ֧֮ѸԼμšܹϢͨ˽Ī˹۹̩̹۹鱨
ûа̩˹鱨ҲԲ׵ɱĪ˹۹֮ڣĪɭʡ췭ظ
ս֮УϢ鱨ΪҪءʮҵԼûѡɵ̩˹ǽ̩˹Ϊ¡
޹ǵģϡǰ̩˹˰ڰܸˣ
ʵ׷ʲô飿ǣô˼򵥾ͱǶȡ
Īɭʡܶļʮһֻ˵ĴҰսУسսĻսҲ뵱ɹۡ
̩˹ǵһֻСӾȻܹȡǵĳţֱһ漣
⻹ҪЩĴǣ֮ҡûһܹסһνĪɭʡܶѾǾ֮һķ㿪ʼԼĲƸѸٵ򵤶ʡתơҵ˴
ǵĴǿĪɭʡܶжҲʧȥս⣬Ѹٵֳ֯˰ǡѾҥĪɭʡܶȴǺΪ
һǸʱĪɭʡܶʹֱˡ
ĪɭʡܶߣļսʿҲȫһɢûԸسǡ¼ҹζ࣬ʹ˶˳ţӭϵ
̲סʵĪɭʡܶôôܶһְ
޵ĪɭʡܶһãĪ˹۹ʵ۱谮ϹϹʵ۱ĸΪĪɭʡܶ
λĪ˹۹ÿһ˶ȢӣޣĸƽޡȴȢ
Ī˹۹ӵʺ󣬶ǻʵۺ֮ڵλŮˡӵλŮ
γĹΪĪ˹۹ĳʵ۱£߸λޱȵŮˡŮ˲ǻʵ۱ŮˣӵӴѪİΪʾŮŮ˲ͬĪ˹ʵ۱ʺ󣬶ӣλԶԶŮˡ
Ī˹۹֮УʺûãŮûм̳е۹Ȩ
һĨâĪ˹۹ĻʵۣȻӹز𣡡
һĨмһĪ˹۹ʵ۾һϲɫһӹޱȣһͿĪ˹۹ͱŪñˡ
΢΢ҡͷܣôӹĪ˹۹ҲΪпأ
Ī˹۹ϵֵ֧ĵ۹ڵ۹棬ӵϵͽ
ϵԲĪ˹۹¡ΪҪʱǾͻַ淲סвĪ˹۹ֱӻϵֻҪÿһǲһ֮ѡǹɿֲԴݻСС漣֮ǡ
ɨһ۶޳ޣһ´ˡһʹͣΪЧΣ
һĨϲɫȴȻ̩˹ͬĻԸǰߣΪЧ
΢΢һЦһףһƿҩƽƽŶ޷ȥһ̩˹˵ģǸĽӳ10ҿһٽΪʿǿߡ
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漣֮治ԶһƶҪصȫϳЩ˽Ϊʿҩ
ɵĽЩҩóЩūսʿʹãͻԵЩҩ̫ۡ˵Ļɡ
һδսЩūսʿҲ˴󹦣ͿʹЩҩ˳Щūʵҽūݡ
һսʿһߵǰϣ̫Ĵ̰˹ȥ
ڻˣüͷ΢΢һ壬ȻɿһᣬŻȥ
һƬ̻Իͣɻ۵Ⱥ֮УһΪʥ߹ľ޴Ϸһ̫̫֮վһ𷢱ֳۣһƽʥӡ
޴ʱʱ̿ͷǿޱȵػǡ޴ǰǵ̫
̫֮ǰתط̫ȥֻһŨޱȵ̫֮֮ϣǿޱȵ
ڷλ棬ÿһ涼ӵһĹģСһͬӵеҲͬ
һ·ûĵֿΪڸְԱûеֿ
ȻΪҲûжǸְԱһһ
λ棬ÿһְԱˡûбҪҲ׵ĶЩְԱ
һ̫̳ۣһư̴̵̫֮߳󣬸ʮŮΪŮ
̾Ӹµĸ棬ʵ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼɢ
и߰ޱ̫̰УУΰ̫ᣬЩҰܹµĳСȥﲻӭǣ
浭һЦһĨâǰһһȭ˰е֮ϡ
жʱݶ˼ţѪֱӵɳüף˵ϣϳ鴤ţ˹ȥ
Ϊ̼ǿߣʩչȶʿķȴͬޱȣһ
ڸʲô
ҰˣҪΰ̫𣡣

ǸڰʮŮһɫ䣬׷׷ļе̫һڰ߸ϡĪɭʡܶЩŮҲҪͿ˿
ڣһ̼Ĵһһȭڵϣֱǲ顣
ɨʮߴߴŮһۣĿһһ³ĳȵǶұ죡ڣǵңһ仰ͿԾǵˡҿҲãҲƷ¼ʹ࣡
ʮߵĻˢһ³ĳֱָʮŮֻҪһǾͻ̫棬ЩŮͳͳնɱ
ʮòŮһɫ䣬һһɪɪ


246 ̸
ʦֻһЩµŮӡαЩŮһʶ
һ񣬳˴ԵӴ֮лһòӢһʥâ֮УһͻøУ̷̫ΣԼʮһӻĴ֮˳ӵ󣬸̫̣еĹâӵĹâڸǡ
һ䣺һɫеһƴ
ΪһɫרҵϱʱһʥĹԣһͻݡηĻĺøСһ̲Żӷ㡣
ҪʱľԼϼӳһʥԵķӵСʥ
̻棬ѡʦŮǵһҪ׼ٶòɫԽǳӢˣڽ̻Խ׽
ʵϵζۣӱ滹ҪǿһﲻֹϾӲרҵ
ʮòŮһһʥâӣжһĨĽ֮ɫ΢΢һ˹̣
Ǹڰ˹ɨǵڵϵİһۣĿһ¼ϣжһĨŭ֮ɫ
˹ºһЦʦЩʧˣ¡
浭һЦҲûнҴ̳֮ʱ˹ڴڲԶĵطһʵ
治ɫȻΰħŮͽҶϵλΰǶǫ;⡣оȻΰħŮΰ̫֮ĹϵҲ²⣬ӦһǱ̫֮ˣͼϵа֮ͽӦñڻ֮
һʮòŮɫʱ䡣
Ƿλ֮и̻֮һһ˱öΪˡôȴĽп̷ͻϵĻ̡
Щ̫֮е˶û뵽ôݣȻֱӰһ˵СһʵˣҲ޷ع̫֮ڣǻ䵽ڤԨ档
˹΢΢һݣȻźͰЦݵΪЩë꣬ƽҲ᷸ЩС󡣲ҿ˸Բˡ֮ǰʲôð֮ҴǸ
ޱ麮˹ˣӵǧǧսһʦšֻҪһ̫᲻ڡҪΪһİΪǵ̫ʲôʧˣֻ޷عΰ̫
̫֮еɫʱ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
λӵ硣λ֮Уְ̻ԱϣôͿԱ֮У
̫һλǿ飬ӵԼԽԼͽӽk֮ڡ
ְ̫ԱĸԸսɳΪǻԻع̫ƻǷ˴޷عҲǶĳͷ
˹Ȼ崺Цݣ֮У˺˼ʦ̫׵ķֻҪ̵̫ͽ޷ô̫Ա
ԭ˹Ǵ治ϵͽ֡ͱ֮£ֻܹѡ񱣻̫ͽ
ʵôֱһ̵̫ͽ
˹򻺻ÿһϵͽǰһ̫ǵ¡սʿҪȥɧǡ
һӣһħ밬˹ߣ΢΢һЦһңÿһ£Ҫ̫ȡҡ
˹üͷһ̫ûôĽҡ
óջĿ˵漣֮ǿյ³ô壬һʲôֱʮңңֱ̫һ漣֮ǣֻ̫ǱΡ
һħ˹򻺻һ̾¶һ˿Ц⣬Ϊ˴ΰ̫ٹҲֻܹħˡ
鲻ҪңֻҪǷĽ̻ȴȱٲ˽ңûнң̻Ӱ͸޷š
˹Ȩһᣬǵѡ񡣷ڣôȡ߶ĻѣЩҲֻмʹ档
밬˹һЦϵ׽˼֡
˹Ҫһ̵̫֤
˹üͷ΢΢һ壬ޱȵҪǸʲô
Īɭʡܶһ棬Ժƽķʽһ档
ʲô
浭һЦ룬ĪɭʡҪһܹܶħĴӢۣӢۣϣĪɭʡܶ
˹Ĭ˺һᣬ¶һ˿ЦݣԵ̾һˣ
Īɭʡܶһ֮еķԭ˹̫֮еǿ߼ذǡĪɭʡܶԼˣʮʿŪֱӱ˹̫Ϊ
ĪɭʡܶΪշĪɭʡĴӢۣ˵ֱõѡһͿԲضĪ˹۹ǿߣԴݵ˻漣֮ǣϢ׳
Ī˹۹Ͼλǿĵ۹֮һۺʵ漣֮ǵһ򱶲ֹսȥһĪ˹۹Ӵսȫ׾پܹ漣֮ǡ
ѾĪɭʡһʣϴٵʺͽ㡣ֻҪ˻漣֮սսƷʵͻԼμǡڳ˷֮ѡ
ıҲİ˹֪
ĪɭʡֻܶҪ֪ͼһץסĵݡĪɭʡܶȻǸıȴӵӴȫԽһͳͳѹȥ
˹Ҹȥһ²ɡڵĻͿ׵ļˡ
Щ㵵ȥ𣿡
˹ζûȻǸϹȴõѡұһѡ
˺٣ǸΪӰĪ˹۹Ӵĵ۹ɳԼĴ˽볯͢ߺ档
ȻϹȲ̵̫ͽ̫ᶨѡ̫֮⣬̻ҲĪ˹۹͸Ī˹۹ȨȨĶʹûֹͣ
Ī˹۹ҵҲѪĪ˹۹ͱǸ̻ȫסˡȻĪ˹۹ȨȨ΢΢ЩѹƣȨȻʮǿ󣬲С
Ǳ
һֻҵľǱӴܣԼƤסеֻΪԼøɡΪ£Իܵϲٵֹһܵĳͷֻ֮Уȴûκ˹ܣֻͷӴܡ
죡죬߿㰡Щ챣ү߿㰡һķ֣Ƥ͹ⷢһ޴ơͰӿɥһޣϵĺǳš
һǰȰ˵ܶڵٶѾǼˣټٵĻǿɾֲ֧סˣ
ǾͶ²ˣǻǧֻҪǧүӵ۶Ƕ͡ߵ㣬ħҪɱˣھҪ죬Щ
ڲߵ佫һɫ䣬ĬһŭĿ⼯˲ϡ
ǲܶЩ커뿪ǸЩ佫ѾΣֻҪذǾ;ԲʧܡϧһУֱߣð׶ٵС
һòӢ佫͵û˵ĶԣŲʲôʱܹߣӦõЩ·ܹ漣֮ǵ׷
Ĵ޵ãŵ˵úãҰȫˣһΪͳ죡
ŵʱϲлܶˣ
ŵɨЩ޷޲ƽĽһۺǼȥִܶ˵ѵҪ췴𣿡
ǣǣȥִһ۴ǿǻĴ
ǣܶˣ
ЩΣֻӦ
ڲһ֮£ǧʱŲԼĪɭʡи߹Ѹٵǰȥ
Щ
Ǳˣ
ɢ˰ɣǱˣɢ˰ɣ

ಽ󰧺֮ʱɢӴܡ
һһŰ
֮Уһڲ·Ĳ̲סһ䡣
򲽱Īɭʡдսʿ¶Ҫ񲽱Ҫѵֽšûж֣սʿбоЩ˼顣
˹Цһ£΢΢ҡͷƽʱֻʱҲǹȦĲӡû뵽飬ֵô


247 
ħ̺˳Ƶ˲ǧǰ
̫Ĵ̰˹òܶң
˹ħ̺֮һԾ˵ϣ˲ӵǰһҫ۵̫ı󻺻޾Ĺâʾ̵̫ݡ
ǧһһ̫˹Ļһ𣬷׷ײͣס˽Ų
ڷλ֮Уǵľǽ̻ˡһ̻˲öΪˣһ˶Ҫϻ壬һöΪˣҲᱻֱλûա嶼ܵǣ
һӵ磬߾ǳ֮Уʱʱڷ׵֮н񼣡˶֪ĴڣҲһĽ̻˾η
̣
ʮ칰Ų˳ڼ˹֮󣬶΢΢һ񣬹
˹̫֮йϵţϣ̵ǿߡЩȻҵ֡
һ˰˹ħ̺۾һڴ˹һߵ𣿡
ڷλ֮Уûв֮λʿƵǸָرȻһЩħƷ
ҲǴħ̺ħƷϡ档ҲмħƷȴûħ̺ĸ߼ر
˹ϵɨ˲һۣòɵĿҴһˣҪúõ̸̸ǹȥǱߺú̸̸ɣ
ǣ
˹壬ʵʵĸŰ˹һͬԶǧ
ĬģΧһָһâҫһħʩչ֡
˹򵭵һλҪˣ漣֮ǵʦ
ʦã˹̵ѣҵѣԣʦǶħ
Ǻˬޱȵ˵ţȻ֮䣬һ·Ӧ˹ɫ䣬˼棬г˿־塣
΢΢ӵĺڲ¶ԼĿŲ΢΢һЦûҾʦҲеĶħ
ʦһɣ㣬һɣһܶǮܶһɣһͨһ¹˵ϣ޺ţһİ
һǼƷ
һЦȴᶨеľġ
΢΢һЦܶǰҪɱġҪøһĹͣڲܶĴ֮£漣֮ǵľսܣһ·˻漣֮ǡݹͣ㿴ô
ɱҵģ΢΢һ㶣˲ϵıᣬһ۾һҪҴ̣ңҪʲôô
΢΢Щ⣬ԭΪһȴû뵽Ӧô죬һ¾ץסĺġ
浭ôһܷͣòܶĪɭʡܶһְλ
۾һЦеǱˣôĹֻͣҲҪһߣףΪƽ񡣲ǼôĹͣȫԽĪɭʡܶһλ
˺٣Ī˹۹֮УȨƼϹȸĪ˹۹ʵ۱³谮Ĵ֮һһ·ҰܣҲסһݾϮĺϷԽȫϴף¾޴Ĺѫ
浭ҪӰڽҡ
һһڽң̫ˣһڽôǵĴ֪ǵʲǲʽ൱٣ҪһڽңʮѡŶʯЩĻǿŪڽҡ
ȻڸĻԴĪ˹۹Ūʲôľλ
۾һޱȵãããʦؽ죡һģһϮʵⲮǾܲ˵ġֻҪ½죬Ǿõˣ
Ī˹۹ɱ漣֮ǣܶ顣Ī˹۹Ķһ档ʱ򣬲棬н漣֮ǣĪ˹۹İͼĪ˹۹Ҳӣһ󹦣ʵʵڵĴ󹦣ʱΪߵλô˼ʵĻ
Ҳ漣֮ǵתô죿
ͶĪ˹۹ԣɲԼһִ漣֮Ǳ̲
һЦ򵥣ԭǿô࣬ЩεĹԱǲСǿУ̫еˡҶôɣֻҪøɾһ㣬û˻鵽ġС£ǿżڳ͢Ϊڣʲô˵ġ
ȻСǶĪ˹۹ĸŵʮ˵ɱҲһ赭дӣȻв֪ѾմȾ˶Ѫ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣Ī˹۹Ȼôңÿˮ㡣
˹̾һЦĿ벼ϣչĪɭʡ
ڲ˵ĪɭʡҲһûᣬԳûУеĵˣԽ֣ͳͳɵҴһѡ
桢˹򶼿ԴȡһʲƸ
̫˵һֻ֣ҪϵúãȫĪɭʡٴ̵̫ͽǵ϶ȡ˵ȫڰ˹Ŀ֮С
֮󣬲ͻȻͳǧǡ
漣֮ǵĲӴܣȻ˳˰ǡ
ٹһ֮󣬲ǧһ·׷׳ٴδ漣֮
ʮ֮ڣ漣֮ǵʮսʮܣһⱨ飬ͬһĪ˹۹׶Ͷȥ
һвĪ˹۹ȽȽҫޱȡ
ڲķ׷ɱ֮£漣֮ǵڴܶ飬ųＸʮĲƱ˸߲ҵѺūص˺ԭϳ档
Ī˹۹׶ʥǡ
ΪĪ˹۹λ۹֮һиǷܹɵĳУԳ֣񼣵ķʽɵ֮֮һ
ʥǳǽߴףͨʹߵȼƸҶɣܵϵףʥǵĳǽӳ񼶵ǿֳҲƻеĳǽ
ʥǵĳһһƻֺ꣬ʥ߹ӴһɹǿޱȵЩ֮ɢγһǿĽʥǡ
κκڰаϵһⱻףʥǶᱻֱӾκξϵϵķһ棬ᱻΡκͼͨаʥǵĸ߲㣬ǲܵ顣
ʥ֮ڣֻӵϵħŮǿ飬ҲܹʥӵԼ̡


248 Ī˹ǧ˰ʮ
ǻֺӴȺĶԼʮҵĵطͽһۼǽߴʮ׵Ļʹ
ǻʹ棬ӳף͸ʽǿ
ǻʹ֮ڣκζҩȿֶΣ׾ͱʽǿֱӾ
Ī˹۹ʷ棬λʵҲûб˶ɱ߱ǿħʦʹþƹ
һЩСĹ棬ʱʱĴһЩСһЩǿħʦǺڰƵ顣
ʹ´ڡ
һͷʹڣһۣĿ࣬òΪӢ˫ȴЩףɢһλϣͬʱɢһ˿˿Ϣ߶ڻλ֮ϡ߾Ī˹۹ĻʵĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ
Ī˹۹֮ս۹ϵػ֮£϶Ӵĵ۹˥ٹңң䣬ѡȻˣȻӹϵ
ֻҪϵûĪ˹۹ûбǿĴڻܡѹôĪ˹۹;ԲȫӵػĹûػ֮
ϵûбѹ֮ǰκвĪ˹۹նᱻʮִļþգֱӴ˻漣֮ǡ
һԱֱߵ˴£Īɭʡܶнݱϣ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮ΢΢һԲϵ
Աǣǧں׷漣֮ʦӣƴɱʮ˴ˣն׳ǧˣʦһٶ˺ǣ⸴Īɭʡȫ
´棬Ī˹۹վŵسһжŹޱȵɫ
ЩϢͨĪ˹۹سͨԼ鱨֪ûִǣѾӣһİúϴһ
ţһ㣬һһεĻѾʮĴϽݱղĽݱͳƣѾնɱ漣֮ǳʮˡ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮһЦ澳֮УȻŰսƾǧ͵ϮشĪ˹۹Ķ֮š
ԣܶѧϰİ
ܶΣңԽ֮ģȻûһ͵ϮǣħܡܶħʮĴΣñֱйĪĪ˹۹Ķ±ʹͲŶԡ

ĹԱһԴǣ·һ㣬佱ŲĹߵڰףޱȡ
֮͢ϣೡûһվԡ
Ī˹۹࿨޾ͬһľżһվԭأһ仰Ҳ˵
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮãһȷʵ´󹦡֮ǰҲʧ֣ͲúõĪɭʡܶɡ
ʥ
֮͢ϣ͢س뻮һ
һԱ˳£ܶ۲Ŵԣں֮»˶ħ֮󣬶֮飬Դ壬Ȱ˶ħöħӦڸĪ˹۹Ƕħϵڸ飬
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮ۾һħԸڸ
ԱĽǷڸݸĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ
һǲרŰƶɣǫޱȵĻħΰĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ˸֮£֮飬֮˵ѡڸԹݼĪ˹۹
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮֺ⣬̾ãããȻ£޵ͳ֮£Ī˹۹İͼٴֹ档˶ɵúãҪǣ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮԴӼ̳лλ֮ҪʲôӵʲôΨһź޷ѫԽԼ档
漣֮ǾȻѡڸôĪ˹۹İͼִһݡĪ˹ǧ˰ʮҲΪĪ˹۹ǧʵ֮гɾ͵һﲻҫ
Ա£ܶΪʦ漣֮ڸѫԺգ뽫Ϊ۹ܹлĹ͡ڷأúԭΪķغˡԭƬطҲĪ˹۹Ĺ漣֮ΪϣȫΪǵֵ˵۹۹̩̹۹۹Ӻԭǵľѹ
滯һٻʵ⹫ôͻĪ˹۹һʵѡڲҲмĺô
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮ׼һڴӦãã
ԭһطƶ񤣬Ī˹ǧ˰ʮжšһ鲻ë֮شûзϡ
ŵĵҲһЩ漣֮ǲƸĴڳ͢ƶֻҪ漣֮ǹ£Щſ̵֣֮
Ī˹۹Ӵޱȣ֮ϣ඼ѾˡǺޱ漣֮Ǿ̲Ķ󣬾Щ̵⣬Ҳ̫ķ
ɣ£򲻿ɣ
ʱһĸߴòʣü֮һ˿ԵϢһվ˳˴룬
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮɫ΢΢һ˵ɣ
£ħɱʮʿɱ˰֮սʿͬʱĪɭʡĴɱӣɱʮˡĶħԲܹڸ
ܶЩݱϴںһٻ˶ħĪ˹۹ľΪӦһ漣֮ǣ漣֮ǹ£׸¡֮ߣǲܶһϵĹԱһЦ
ٲܶһϵĹԱɫ΢΢һ䡣ǿɶʮôӮⳡʤġܶԭֻ·һ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮǲڵļ尣˹峤ɨһ۵ά£ô
ά²ɫ£ԭѹˮԴȱʳȱĵݺˮһ֡ĪɭʡѾ⵽óǮԭ
ǵ۹ȻҪܶ漣֮ǣŲܶһϹѣΪ۹ݺԭ֮ǰ۹ǧΪѡ֮⣬ҪŵװеԼݡ׼֣óȻԭҲֻ֮ܡ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮüͷ΢΢һ壬˳֮УҪôǮ


249 
Ī˹۹ӴޱȣǧҶӴĵ۹˵ʲôӴ۹˰𣬴󲿷ֶҪ֧ӴĹϵͳԼŵĿ֧Ī˹ʵһݳţִ֮ҪǧңʮѶȡ
ҪǣѾ˺ԭĪ˹۹Ѿв
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮɲԸԼֵĽңȻھϡ
£ħǴĪɭʡ֮н˳ʮڽҵĲƸ۹ֻҪ֧ǧңܶħͿԽʮڽͳͳջع⡣
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮϻǵĿ֮һĨ֮ɫʮڽҵĲƸҲЩĶĿŷά¿ȥ
άµһЦ£΢ղŻû˵ꡣŲҰ֮ĪɭʡսսʿһաܶȻ˶ħµսʿҲˡļѵʿָսҪʱ䡣
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮüͷ΢΢һ壬ɵȲʱ䡣
άµһתݺݵͱһ£һ飡˽սǿޱȣ֮ǰü˽ݻǲ˽ΪЧһٹ漣֮ǡҲǱĵĳӣزܾɣ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮһĨ⣬Цãããά£˵úã㣬Ǽ˽漣֮ǡ漣֮Ǻһ漣֮ǵĲƸʹһڽҡ
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ڷλ֮Уǹսһ£ʵûȨһǴ嶯˽ΪԼս
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮƫƫƣһ±Ƶ˽ѵĵز
άѵΪΰĻʵ۱Ч𣿡
亹ֱת֮䣬£ǳԸΪЧǳƿصļ˽óȻս֮ѾʧɡҪǧ𣬳һʱ޷롣ҪóҲ岻ݴǡ²ǧңԼһһսҪݡ򣬾㵽˺ԭҲ֮ܡ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮӹޱȣȻĪ˹۹ϵĻʵ۱£ӵо޴ȨĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ޴ľһĪ˹ǧ˰ʮǺϣɭ嶼иΣա
άǺɭΪһ֮ŭͿԷһսȴԸΪЧĿ
ǺɭǱҳϵĳӡΪ·ǽǺɭ岻ݴǡֻǴսСû㹻ĽǮݣô֧һսά£ǼĲܶһʮķݱݱն׵Ѿʮ˵漣֮˿ҲǶʮˣôģ
άгħ֮ǰ漣֮˿ȷʵֻ򣬲Īɭʡ֮󣬴׽ū档ľ͵ܶÿλܶħħٴβӣŻּʮ˵
һ˹ĹԱֱ˳ȵǼ˽û̫ˣΪʲôԸǰΪЧǺɭѵҪӵ𣡣
һɭĹԱվȵѾӦ˳ֻݲöѡά´ˣǰ˹Ҳһǧ˽ΪʲôΪЧǲҪӵ𣿡
˹塢ɭϵĹԱǷ׷׳໥ָ
֮ϣϡ
ұ죡
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮһ
֮ϣȫʧ˶
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮһŵȻô鷳¾ôˡȻҪڸǾͷһˡڷأԭÿ꣬Ϲʮҹ
λǹϵķַƣԼ֮ӵ˰ƶɵȨ൱һ֮ÿ궼ݷصĴСصĸĳ̶۹һֽһʣʾԵ۹ĳ޷۹ָĽҺʣô۹Ȩջطַķء
ʮĪ˹ǧ˰ʮѾһСĿϾԭһʺĵطûʲôز
ֹտһעķά£һ̾ĬղսѾССĵĪ˹ǧ˰ʮǼǵĪ˹ǧ˰ʮˣɭĴһ±Σ
黢رĪ˹ǧ˰ʮӵӴȨĻ͸ӵΣա
ʥ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮ䣬ʹһƬ뻮һ
άҲ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⡣
漣֮ǹ鸽Ī˹۹Ǿ湦һһ湦Ī˹۹ͿѸٵܿͻΪ˹Ī˹۹֮ڵһҪ֧
ȻСͳΪ㣬ͷԶܲҲǰ˹Ŀǰߵһ֮һ
һ˹ĹԱ£һࡣ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮЩͷʲô£˵
ԱһſһöӰˮųһ˿˿âǴ֮ϣͶӰһɫȹһͷҫ۽𷢣ĸѩپһ˫۾·˵һ㣬ͬӻ߳ľŮ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮǻǵ۾֮УʱһĨ⣬ڴĿԱϵ֮з·һ˿
һŮɫʱ䣬ĵЦеķά£гԹͷŭ֮ɫ
Աɫ£Ůзٵȣ̩̹۹ħʦά״ӡ˵ӵ̩̹ȻŮѪ˵֮еᡣݳõ鱨֮˹ϵܡɣ˹ΪŮĪ˹۹Ĵ鱨ѾʮпܱĪ˹۹
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮĿһ絶ĶȻһЦ·赭дô
ʱ亹ֱо˺ɭͷһ¹˵ϣ£ǺɭԱ¡Ե۹ĹԲκġϳص֮ᶯüһŮܣ׸ʣ


250 ľż࿨
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮһЦ΢΢ͷܺãɡסˣҪģҪģ
һǣ£
˺һᣬǳֱɢȥ
ʹԼ֮⣬һ·ȫðɫʯ̳ɵĽֵֵԶԶȥһһ㣬ɢŰɫĹâֱ֮Ϊֵ
ǰֵһ̻ԻͣΰޱȵĸۡЩۡĪ˹۹سԼЩڵ۶ĸֱֵ֮ۡΪȨֵ
ǰֵһʮͨĸۡǱϷΪľż࿨޾סĸۡ
һòΪӢЩ޷޲ƽľż࿨޽еףΪʲô㲻ֹ£漣֮ǵʦĪɭʡ֮ܶһϷǸûɱѾӣôܻһʮĴΣն׳ʮ򣡣
޶ԼĶӣȻһ̾治ʺϵ١˵ĲʺĪ˹۹١
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252 ѵķٵ
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253 ǿŮ
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254 £
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ԴӲ̸кͽ֮˫Ĺϵ׽ηҲͻȥڿЩըѵѪʬ飬ĵη˶ħƺĿֲ塣
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Щ׷սսʿǵ˫֮УҲһĨ˷֮ɫ˵һǿֵ׷Ķ
ͬһ˼һߵ˱ɵǰĸűɣ־˲䷢һɷ·ԵֻҪ˵һ仰ͻᱻֱӷڻĴ־һ˱ɵǰ
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ͱˣ־ǰ̤һƵɱЩˣɱúòããǲã
սսɱúãɱ̫ˣ
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Զ󾯵֮ʥǵ۹֮еľڳʮǱڸľѸٵĸ˹
ЩһֳͿ˵ϵʮʬ壬ྯɫһ԰ף岻ϲ
һԥһ£ʮ쵲һ˵ǰ˯һ鱴£һǸһɱ˰йءǸһؾһˣ
һЦһֻƤޣݺһ飬Ƥһ³˱µϣǱµһı޺ۡ
һʹޱȵıʹ຿š
Ӹ¸߸ϵĪɭʡܶ۹оһλǺԭĺǸոջɱЩͼд̱ɵµĴ̿ͣ壬Щ񣡣
Щʱɫһף嶼΢΢Լܾ˴Ķ档
Ī˹۹ĴﶷΪпᣬನŪһЩСʮ
轾ޱȵĺȵ˶ǵ֤ˣҪץǣȡûʵ۱µ߹ԪԺ˵ҹҳЩ񣡡
Ǽʮˢһ£Ѹٵɢ¶һһߵĵ·
ĬĬһ̾ȨƵ
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ӵĪ˹۹ʵⲮݣֻĪ˹۹ʵ۱¡ĹԪԺ̵ȨвþС
Ȩֻռ㹻ǿ֤ݣύһ֮ͨ󣬲Ȩ档ǴȨ
Ī˹۹˿Ϊ壬ΪӵеȨഫ潣ʥħʦҲΪһϮеĹλͷأΪЩȨЧ
Ī˹۹ѾʮĹϵ۹棬ҪͰΪһʵʮѡ潣ʥҲҪΪ۹Ч㹻Ĺѫ֮󣬲пܳΪһʵ塣Ȼֻܹһ͢ͷΡ
ռ˺ԭһƬʺĵطҽ֮ٳΪһ鸻֮أҹϵѡڸĪ˹۹ʵ۱¿ģҲϲܳΪĪ˹۹ʵ塣
˹ʥ֮ӵмܿͰһռ豸ȫСһнפ
źһ֮һǸȥһɣ飬Ƿһ͡
΢΢һЦã
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뻶־ƵʥõĴƵ֮һǺɫǽȥɣһЦ
΢΢һЦŲ̤뻶־Ƶ档
һ뻶־Ƶ꣬Ϳһ顢ŮèŮȮŮȸŮû֦չվ棬ۻҡһЩȽ崿˳μĳ棬۾֪Ķš
ӭ٣뻶־Ƶ꣬Ŀˣǻ߳Ϸ񣬸һҹ
ǼʮŮһ˽룬㱰΢ޱȵ˵ϣ·̷ʥŮһ뻮һ
ʵ鰡ﾹȻþ飬ѵ¾۹ǿ߰ɱ𣿡
ŮūǷλŮū֮һ۹ҲʹʹþŮūǻǴʮꡢǼʹࡣһ˱ʹþŮū۹ͻɳ֣ЩֱӰɱ
΢΢һЦʥǣɲǾ֮ɭĸ֣ҪǸҲֻǶ༸ˡ
ʥԻǿơǿʿǿҰҲᱻѹ㾫۹ǿôŭҲûа취
ʱһķһͷɫ˾֣ò欣ȻͬӵоգȴʮζĳŮһĨӯӯϴ崺΢Цܶˡ
һĨŮ϶ѣ΢Цݣȥ켶ż䡣
ȻһЦʵõģһλǣ
΢ЦһλǺԭʵⲮɲҪ
һӿһĨأȻһЦԼ͸¶Źԭã뻶־Ƶľ֮һʲôҪҡ뻶־Ƶ꣬һ󡣡
浭õģ
ڰݵĴ֮£һֱӽ뻶־Ƶڲ
һ·֮ϣ۽磬뻶־Ƶ浱Ůƣ淨ֶԵˣҲ۽硣
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ЩһЦôûȤȻ극Ҳú棿


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΢΢һЦܲҴԼĿ֮ǰһûдԼ
ʵĿʲôҿһ𣿡
Ц׷
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һǸǸӦҵ鷳ġΪǰ˹ֵ֧ǵ۹ӼӶ¡һʥǣǾͰҲǼӶµˡ
׼˹ôİŪһʵⲮһԾΪĪ˹۹Ĵ塣ǵȻҲҪûر
һޱ棬ûףæӼӶʺ磬ˣСܹϵλĪ˹۹Ǿ޴ĸ
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ֻҪ֧ҵϵλҾͽΪҽ˹ʡҲΪķء
һˬʵĴЦ֮һŰɫһͷҫ۽ɫ̷òЦ˷䡣
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ĸӢӶ棬һĨļ֮ɫ
Ӷ΢ЦҵȣҵĺֵܸҮǣ׹⽣ʥϯϣϣʮ꣬׹⶷Ѿǳʿʥϣʥš
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ӶֱӵֻҪ֧ҡҵǶλ֮󣬱ضΪҽ˹ʡΪķء
˹ʡҲԭ磬Ī˹۹һعϡԴƶ񤣬걻ѩǵһʡ˹ʡȻͨʡ˿ȴʡĶʮ֮һҲĪ˹۹ƶһʡӶ˵Ĵ󷽣Ը⽫˹ʡ档
üͷ΢΢һ壬ĿȡҮǡϣɨһۡ
ıػܣӶǰֱ£棬һ˿ġ
Ӷ·𿴴˼ζһЦõġͬĸáҮҴС浽ĺֵܡϣҵĺѡǶҵģǼ飬ʶʮ˵УѾҵˡ
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۾΢΢һЩ˵ױŮһΪɫǷڵ֮ϣУ໨˶
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256 赸Ůѡ˿
ӶˬһЦźۼ֮ľ룺Ȼ˭ҵ꿴赸֮󣬵һ仰Ҳһģһ
Ӷ΢ЦŮˣϲ͸㡣ϧСֽи˿赸Ů֮ѡ񡣳˸߸ϵ֮⣬Ī˹۹ûܹΥԸǿЩʲô
赸Ůٵ´俨ϵӵǿ˹ӵеŮµСһŮ
˹Ůһ9Ů6ŮѾս֮սֻʣŮǵŮֱǻŮ˿Ů÷΢˿赸Ůٵ´俨
лŮ˿赸Ůٵ´俨΢飬Ů÷΢˿顣
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ҲЩϧԭˡ
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˿棬֮һĨ֮ɫ¶һЦݣǺãǸ˿һͨ赸ңܸܹʶ㣡
ʮĹ̬ĸ˿С㣬ܹʶҵҡ
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˿һһӣ֮һĨûڼʶǾ֮󣬾Ȼô˵ڹֻҪ΢һʣЩǾͻԶҫԼĹһжͳͳչʾԼΰ
Ӷ΢ЦŲһ䣺˿ͲҪ׷ˡÿһ˶Լܣ𣿡
˿һ¶һĹĵı飬ʮʾͲʣҲǺ֪
ȺȻ΢Цʵ˵һʦսʿķħлսʿķ𣿡
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΢΢һЦһһսʿķħȻУһ˿˿貵ķâսʿķ֮ϣغ
ϣһսʿķжʱ˫һƲԼ۾񿴵һһ㡣
΢΢һЦսʿķеݸȡ
ȿһսʿķУ֮һĨʣһذףսʿķ֮һ

һ죬ǱƵذһ¶ϳء
սʿķУȻýȰֵİһսʿķУ֮罣ʥ׵ϰ¾սʿķл˿罣ʥάʦսʿķħڿʥõı
΢΢һЦȻȹϲѽ͸ˡ
սʿķϵħľǲ뽣Ѫ֡ѪжǣǵĻ˻ɣͬʱ¼۸񽵵ͣ漣֮һսʿķˡ
͸ңΣ棬ȻһЦսʿķʥһ󣬼۸Ѿҡ͸ң
ֻҪϲ⽣ˡ
ȱǱսʿķУ֣˳֮С
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ϣȻʦ˵ħ˫ޣһħʦͬʱҲһʿĽʿдһ½ΣȻһѶҲѹڲʿˮƽ
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濴ΪʶӢЩ΢΢ŤϣһۣһЦֱһƬտĵطȥֳһͨľֳ
ϣһͨľֳ֮͵͵һеıҲһΪɫľֳĪ˹۹ľʽҪǿȴսʿķħ޷ȣ滻һͨľֳһ
ɶսʿķжãС𣡣һ֪СҵĴۣ
ϣոһһŭӿͷĵ棬ŷŭ֮ɫĳֱߵĶ档
ϣȻһ䣺ֻд轣ʦɲҪڹؼʱʹħ
ȡ˿ʱһĨ֮ɫ
ħʦǽսСޱȵĴڡϣһǳʿҪһħʦսѾЩʤ֮䣬ȴʹħѾЩ޳ˡ
ӶüͷҲ΢΢һ壬Ŀϣһۡ
һĨȵս⣬һЦû⣡Ҳʹħģ˵ƾ㣬޷Ƶʹħ


257 ϣ
ôĿΰ㣡
ϣһĨŭ֮ɫһȣһ±ʿĶʩչ׹⽣ʥ׹⽣Ľ⣬ͬ׹һ㣬ſֲƣϯȥ·Ҫֱһ㡣
Ŀ侲Ҳһ±˲ʿĶ
Ϊʿ֮Ѿϣǿ֮ҲԶԶȲ档
ʩչκһȭܹϣн⣬һȭܹ˳ƺϣࡣ
ޱȵսʽҲЩǿ塢Ŷħħ۾ħǿĳϲʹõսʽ
ְսʽҲ㣬ֳѪֶ챦ǿߣһͻᱻ˸ɵһЩǿޱȵĳǱֳָرʿƣûзսͱֱɱ
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ħĴڣħʦÿһηģͣڶͻȴҪΪʽħʦʮѣҪľȫľڴħʦħʿǸֻһħо֮ϵħŲܹﵽľ硣似ħǿ󣬼ֱ˲Ŀ
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Ӷüͷ΢΢һ壬Ц̫ˡϣҲʲôʦ׹⽣ʥȴʥ棬еʮĽ֡ϣ׹⽣ʥԲưոݡ
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һЩͼλ棬һʥѾǸλǿĴڡЩλ֮УʥĵλȻߡ
ڷλ棬ʥȻҲǿĴڣȴϡ١ʥյĽʥͳʮˣ⻹ûм̻Լصĸ֡Ī˹۹ʥɽǴ漶ǿֻࡣ
ʥʥҲܵ𾴣ҵλߣȻԶԶȲһرʵⲮ
ϣһʣΪʮΪʥλҲԶԶȲʵⲮ
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ʵϣĪ˹۹ǱƵûȥԭ򡣻ϲнʥԸȥɱһ壬ǾԻŭ³ҡ
浭ңϣҲǾȲ׹⽣ʥҪϣĻҰɡ
Ӷ΢ЦһĻת

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渰֮󲻾ãѾӡоһ˯ķٵȺȻ˫΢΢һ¶һ˿ЦһԾӴ
ٵȿĬģһӣһֽȻɳƮ˴ϣһһģһˡ
ٵָһ㣬ǷֱӴ򿪣ֱӴ󷽷߳˷֮⡣һ̤֮⣬ʧ
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258 
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ٵȻһЦ˹ĻУ¶һ˿۵Цݣţ㣡һԵߵ
Զ֮УȻ۾΢΢һ䣬һĨâɱһš
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һŻеŮֱӽ뻶־Ƶһż֮ڡ
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˿Ĵ۾֮峺Ĺâһ̾ʦΪʲôҪʥǣⳡ档λ֮յ顣ʣһֱںǣضܹΪħʦ
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һıڲ֮λ䣬Ҳڷλ̬
ڷλ֮Уֱչؿ޼꣬ǧܹˣһҲûС֮ĺпһ飬ֻпܡǱǿһۿУϤ࣬Ҵ˲ܹΪһĸ顣
֮⣬ҪΪ飬Ա뽨ԼĽ̻ᡢԼԺӴ֮ȼͻƷＫޣΪ顣
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ȨӴһҪ޴ԴЩԴԭѾ漯ռݣôֻܹɵԷЩԴԼС
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˿΢Ц˭˶ǡǵʮŹʷ˿õѡλֻǲ뿴һѾһΣջǵĴаˡ
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Ī˹۹棬ֻʺĴĺӲӵлλļ̳ȨĻӹûһ˿̳ȨλҲͨһ½嶼Ȳϡ
Ӱңĸǻʺɯȣӵкɭ塢߸塢˹嶦֧֡ɯȾ˹Ů
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ӼӶǰ˹塢´֧֣
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˵Ǽ嶼λȨصĴ壬ΪԼٻ󶼲òȫһƴΪǺ·
Ȼ˲˵ļ֮⣬һСΧӵߣγһһ漯ţΪ˳ΪµĴŬ
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˽˾ֻܹ֮ĬĬЦһ¡ѡԸһϵϾӵҪö࣬۴ӷͳϣӶռơϧѾ˱ǩûѡء


259 ħҩǿ׳
ӣڲ֮ͬС
ӶһһᣬܸԼ֧ǡ
ЩС忴ôһӵо޴ȨƵʵԼӪڼӶʤּᶨ˼֡ͬʱЩҲڲϵڣ죬յʮòŮӣҲһһ¡
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΢ϵıܹñˣ΢ϵҡܹΪЧҲ΢Ը΢΢һЦһ䣬ָոĹԱˣ΢̸֮ʣûлñ֮ǰȻ˱Ļ΢Ϊ΢һ
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Ī˹ǧ˰ʮΣճ̶ȿֱ֪ǻ֮еĻĻڻλ֮ϣͬоȫԼ֮С


260 ͢ʦ
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治һħʦܹΪ͢ʦһҫͬʱҲһ־޴Ȩ
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ڸѲߵһļǵĸ˹һߴУһ߷Ĵ˾ѡ


261 ׹⽣ʥ˹
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ͨҲͰˣһִɱΧľԮ˹ǺõġЩˡǨŭĻЩ³ֻ»ޱȡ
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ǻʵ۱ԲĺԭЩˣͼɱңץסǣ
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ʥҲˣҲиĸֵܡѣЩһѰѼЩʥϡֻҪƵ˹ԲðųնΣգնɱһ塣
ųһ亹ֱѾˮȫʪˡһӵо彣ʥһӵĪȨʵ壬߶ܹ׵Ĵڡ˻ͣһ
Ȼ˹˵һᣬôҾ͵һˡҿκϣκǾʹŮ
浭һЦζĿ˿˹һۣתԼסıȥ
ЩŭĵıӰһۣףôôţˡ
˹һĨĽͼʵɫһ̾ΪǴ尡
Ȼ׹⽣ʥ˹ӵ˫ĽֻҪʮ׵ķΧ֮ڣħʦҲԵסһȻһƽ񣬶ǹ壬ʵ塣
׹⽣ʥ˹ĽΪͶ͢ȫԻһ͢ͷΣһòֹȨҪΪһʵ壬Ȼʮѡ
ΪĪ˹۹ʮ꣬һ漶ǿ߾ֱӷΪʵ壬ôĪ˹۹ͱϷָɾʲôʣˡ
Ī˹۹ഫ潣ʥһΪ֮ܶĿꡣ
ǹȥ
˹ıӰĿ˸Ĭ˺һᣬŻ
СݵľԼ潣ʥĸףȻ˼õģף


262 ʥ
ʥǼ԰вľ޴ѾӲ
֮ڣһװ޺ݳ޵ķ֮ڣһŻƤɳ֮ϣĶǿ˹Ů
浭һЦϣսҵʱ򣬱ʧֻˡӵ۹ɷĽǶ˵ûκ񡣲ΪһңֻҪܹңôҾͳκ
һʧңôõóôǮ
˹üͷҲ΢΢һ塣
彣ʥҲ׼࣬ǲʳ˼̻ɣҲЩǸ߾ǳ֮ڣΪǮյ顣
һ彣ʥҲҪ£ӵԼĲҵܹ׬Ǯһ㽣ʥῪݣרЩӵܳ䵱ͽܡֱͶ͢䵱͢ӥȮ֮漶ʥʥǺͶ͢ǿߡ
˹ҲԿΪ֮ʲҲһٶңʽȴֻʮҡСǮȷʵȱľ޿ò
浭ǿǿ˻ָ˿Իָıħҩ۸ȻܵˡǲԸ⣬ҲȥĽڳֻ֣ҪʩչļޣͬԻָϣơ
ļޣǸ֮ӵеǿָ֮һһʩչʲôƶܹһ֮ڣѸٵĻָһֻ̤ŹصˣҲᱻֱ
ǿҲֻиĽڻǺ´еĶǿ߲ܹʩչʩչǿĻָҲҪ޴Ĵۣû˻Ϊһǳʿʩչǿ
ʱҭĵ˵ǸĽڡ´ݶô˹ȥǸĽҲԲӦΪϣʩչǿĻָ
˹ϾƽƽȻ⣬ҽϣ뿪
΢΢һЦͼذҿ԰ϣκáϣ˹ܹΪҵļҳΪЧ
˹ζ֪Щ꣬жٴң
΢΢ҡͷ
˹һһʮ߼ҴǰңͼΪЧһҲûдӦ벻ΪЧɡ
滺ֻ޷ó㶯ĵĶ˹ҿΪ壡
˹һЦû˵ԸĪ˹۹͢Ϊ͢ӥȮ׾پܹù͢ͷΣΪһ͢壬йӵеһȨ
΢΢һҿΪʵ塣
˹Ƥ΢΢һһĨءʵǿӵԼصĹ壬һССʵʿҲ̤˹ײ档
΢ЦͶңҾͿԷָһƬѫ죬۹Ϊ۹ѫΪʵһԱ
˹һԭƽ޲֮Уһ˿˿СĪ˹۹ˣŻһʵѫǶô׻õĴڡ
һʵѫԼ棬һʵһֻҪÿϽɻһĽңȫΪΪҿԺϷ齨һ֧µ˽ػԼء
һӵʵѫͷεĹʸһȦӣΪЩĹǽɵһԱ
˹Ȼ׹⽣ʥӵǿޱȵЩǶ׷ǰҲʮЩҪһǿĴ֡ڣһͬһײĻ顣
˹ԸͶЩ壬һҪԭǣ˥֮ʱʵ½һ̶ȵʱΪһ֣ܾܿͻᱻǣȥ
浭һЦ㹻Ĺѫ԰ΪʵоΪ֮еһԱҪ֪ԭΪֳһо죬˵ʲô
ʵо
˹˫֮һ±һ֮ɫѪҺҲڷʡ
ЩͶĪ˹۹͢Ĵ潣ʥǳ¾ĹѫΪ۹Чһ֮Ҳֻһʿ죬Ϊײ㡣һģпܻһѫ죬Լײ㡣
ʵоķֻͣĪ˹۹䣬޵̩̹۹дģսϯµħֵ֡ؼս棬Ż֡
浭ɣԸͶңȫȫΪսսˣҲᱣĶӻŮΪһʵоȻʵоֻ͵ޣ㹻ĹѫٽһΪʵӾҲǲܵ顣ŵǿȥԼй֤
˹ʱڸſϲ֮ɫʵӾ
Ī˹۹֮ڣʵⲮϵĹ屻Ϊ壬ӵо޴ȨơʵоϵĹűΪĹ塣ʵӾǱΪ׼塣һЩʵۺʵӾԱЩȦӽɣΪĴһԱ
޴ջ󣬿˹޷ֵĪ˹۹֮ڣ˻ʵ۱֮⣬ԼһЩƾùϵĵ۹֮⣬ûܹõóһоһ潣ʥ
һᣬ˹һĨᶨܹʵĳŵôԸ£Ϊļҳ
Լ㿴һ£û⣿΢΢һЦһȡһԼ飬ݸ˿˹
˹ӹһԼϸһᣬһĨ֮ɫˣ׼Լ顣Ů֮ᣬҲƻһ𣿡
һ֮ж˼η塣
΢΢һЦֻ˳ˮ۶ѡȻҲѡ񣬼罣ʥ罣ʥ潣ʥʥʥ漸ʮûбĽʥһݷùȥվʥ
˹һᣬ΢΢ͷ
һͶͻһѫ죬ֱӽΪʵѫջʥĴ潣ʥӵо޴ջ
һи֪ʶӵо޴ƸĴħʦЩ潣ʥǸܵȨƸջ󡣴漶ǿҲˣҲҪҲԼѣҲҪͷء
Щһ׷似۷Ĵ潣ʥҲУĴ潣ʥ׷ƸͶĪ˹۹͢棬߸档
λһ߸ϣ塢塢塢̻Ṳͬƿ£ȼɭϵᡣ
潣ʥȻǿᣬȫһﵱǧҲֻܹɭϵϵ棬һ似ǿˣһλ͸ߣøáʵ壬λȴһܸߣֻҪ̫Ҳúܺá
΢ЦôھȥԼ棬ΰԼ֤֮֮£ǩƽԼɣ
˹ҲЩȲֱȻЩһЦеĽã


263 šץ
Ѿ׼飬òתԪԺԼܹ֮Ϊ۹һʵѫˡ
Լ֮߳ſ˹΢Ц
˹һмת˳ƺлϣ
΢Цٹ죬һĹСˡ
С㣡ԣʱЩ˷ܣͬʱҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ڱµһ𣬿˹Ѿһ潣ʥҲһֱӵһʥĸΪΪ磬ĸ׾ΰˡ
ڱʮʱ򣬾ԵɭĲпᡣʥŮУʥѧУܾգԭһĺһԼĴ潣ʥףܵĴڡ
£ûд潣ʥ֮޷նϵĴڡǴ潣ʥ֮Ҳ޷նѹƽ֮һ㿴ıϡ
űԽԽԽĪ˹۹棬ֳķˣѡһ涼ŮΪǸŮӵйѪͳصһְλһŮ׾ٵߡһ罻棬˶Ϊ״潣ʥ˹ܻ̾ӭȴЩС㣬潣ʥŮ
֮ǰЩӵһԾΪ׵ֹȴʲôû˵
ȻҲûнУתſ˹ʵ˹һǿĴ潣ʥʥ棬ļʥԱ
˹Ǵ潣ʥҲʸ봫潣ʥСȦ棬֪ҲԶҪöࡣ
˹һʥϰ¡ؽʥǡŭνʥ¬ޡ󺣽ʥĪŵʥڵ°¡ٺϻʥߴʥϣ
ʥ֮У󲿷ֵĴ潣ʥѾͶ볯͢ǿ棬ֻ߱мʮʥ
Ǽʮʥ棬ҲȷʵһЩһĿ似ĽʥͬʱҲΪԭ޷Ľʥ
ȻʵǽʥάԱ𣿡
ǽʥάʥ֮潣ʥ֮йϵĵһǿߡһ׷۷壬̤봫֮󣬾δһܡǰ˵۹նɱ˵۹ʥɳĮ۹նɱɳĮ۹ʥǰ̩̹۹նɱ̩̹۹һʥ
ӶʮǽʥάͱΪһʥ˵ֻ֮ҪнҲնɱ
ལʥʸȲʿ潣ʥҲһٶʮ굽һʮ֮䡣
ǽʥάʱùȹϵеŮ˼һƿˮ֮ˮҲһӳ
ʮǽʥάǴʵǿ۷ڼ䣬Ҳǹϰǿ֮һ
˲²ǽʥάܹ֮ն䡣
һλ棬ӵоţľţǽʥάһԽľš
˹΢΢ЩЩʺĽҡҡͷܵģϣһ忪ۣһʵӾļ붼޷ǽʥΪԷһеĹ
ڷλ棬վЩǿһ׷۷塣ľǿߴ󲿷ֶ׷ĴħʦҲʥְҵǿߡ
һЦΪȻôߴʥȰ̽̽ǵĿڷ硣ԸΪҵļҳٺ̸
˹΢΢ͷǣϣ
һĨâ֮ǰһ˰ɣЩ飬Ǿ紦ĺá
˹ǣϣ
Զ֮ĺƵ档
˹§ŷٵ˵ද黰
Ȼ֮䣬һֻǷĴ֮ϣһ죬ǷĴķѣ˷ɽȥ
һɫƷֵļһɫ⾯첿֮ľ˲Ŷ룬ռ˸Ҫء
һӥĿǣĿ࣬ɫ̷ƲúܺСӵ̤˷֮ڣɨһ˹˹úܺáڰָħŮյ
ٵо֮Уǲ֮ɫĶ˹
˹ɫؽеûУٵȣҪңҾûг㣡ûг㣡ҿԼģ
ԭˣɭĵһ˳λ̳ˣȻ̩̹۹ħŮһ£ҪΰĻʵ۱¹㱨Сô֤أ
һЦ֮滺̤ޱȵķ֮ڣ΢Цſ§һķٵ˹
ƲúܺСӵӡҲ֮ʥ֮һͬҲ֮ͷ֮һ
Ļüͷһ½ʮһɭĵһ˳λ̳̩̹۹ħŮһĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ֪ôķ粨һӦԲãɭ嶼бķաǺɭĺѣȻܹ鷢
ɫһ֮ڰ참һ㡣ְܱôȥ
ζһЦãҾ￴참ˣʵ۱ѾʽΪ͢ʦҲԳƺΪ͢ʦ
һݣĬһᡣ
Ϊ˹͢ʦҲζӵ˿Ī˹ǧ˰ʮĶ䡣ͬʱҲĪ˹۹͢ϵͳһԱֱЧʵ۱£ӵо޴ȨֻҪ󣬴ҲûȨ뿪
˹˫۳죬һ³˳ָ棬ޱȵ㣡ǣħ
˺˼ɨ˹һۣһЦˣҺвң
˫Ŀһɣȵ˹Ҫ̩̹֡۹ħŮץǱָҪշҪ뺺ɭ壡
ҾѷٵȽ
˹˫۳죬һŭХһ´߶ǳʿ۷弶ǿһûǳŴȥ
ֻн漶Ľʥƿ˹Ƕ˲ϣ˵ء
ǿֲǳ֮ʣ֮ڣһ񱩵쫷磬ҾװαƷ˵ϣײ÷顣
޴
˫Բɣһŭ𣬳ʣһ۵Ľһµ޾ǳ֮С
޾ǳһ飬˹Ҳǿֲķ֮˼
һ̾һ䣺þĽ潣ʥȻ鴫
˹Ľ֮ϣȫʩչĽôһȥҲζţսħͬһ
˹һҧ촽ħǳٴŴȥ


264 븹һ
һǳ𣬷·ǳŻһеϢ׹䷲ڳ˼ǳĽ⣬жΪ֮𺳣鲻Խһ޷ƥеɥС
ǿֲǳոӿ֣һһ㣬ǳ֮Уǳֱȥ
ǳⲻҫȻ
˹ĽÿȥһΣ㱻˺󼸲һѪһ԰סȻǾţȻ޷סʥһ
ٵһĬģһȻ֮䣬һɾʹԴ֮дͷѣ޷ʩչĿһϣȴ¶һ˿Цݡ
ٵҪ˵Щʲôǿڷս˹һֳĬһΪŮˣ֪ھԲܹ˹
Ƿ֮еܾ֮ҲһĬվһߣ˿ûǰץٵȵ˼ֻ˹ץٵȣܹϴѺɭ̩̹۹ħŮָء
˹ĽһȥʮĴΣѪԽԽ࣬˫ҲԽԽ
ǳڶʮ֮ʱǽǳһ˿ǳâ֣˲γһǳâ֮еǳ֮һ´˴̳ĳ֮ϡ

һ죬ʥĳǱֱӵ
ʥ֮Ȼͻƣﵽ˽ʥ֮
һĨ֮ɫʧ
ɭĵһ˳λ̳˹СţǽšȻǴҲû뵽ôΪһʥսֱ֮򣬽׽ʥ
ڷλ棬ܹսֱ֮ͻƵˣ֮еţһĴڡ
˹һ˴ûм׷һĨ纣ɱһǳҫЦվһԵݺݴȥò¾֪ܾ֮ĵضйء
Ŀҫ˼£ת֮䣬أԼ³һѪĿǵǳȥ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʮ֮ڣǽʥ
һʥʮ֮ڣǴħʦʿǿߣûԤ׼öԿķֻᱻɱ
ħʦڴѾһˣ
濴һǳ⣬Ե֮̾еţǣȻսֱ֮ͻһ󾳽磬˲𣡡
֮λʿλŲͬʿÿһν״󾳽磬Ҹȫĵطħܣھ֮۳һǿķģܴ͡սֱ֮ͻһ󾳽ĺ¡
ڳ˶Ϊ˵һ˲䣬һޱȵ׹̳һǳ֮ϡ
䣡
һ죬һǳֱӱ÷飬˹Ҳһŵı˺ü
һĿⶼ
󣬻߳һˣ׹⽣ʥ˹
һ˹Ŀ΢΢һ׹⽣ʥ˹ȻͶ
ڳܾ֮ǿ׹⽣ʥ˹ɫȻ䣬г˼ɵء
׹⽣ʥ˹ʥھǶĽʥ֮һΪΪֲȴҪǿϰ
˹һţ·𿴵Լż䣬ʹļ׵׹⽣ʥ˹㾹ȻͶõĽʥȻͶһ߹㽣ʥأ
ʥڣ
˹ȻʧЦɨ˹һۣڿһµĺӡ֮ǰһֱûдӦЩΪЩ忪ļ̫ˡ
׹⽣ʥ˹һͨƽ壬ԼĽ츳ѪŬһĽΪʥ
ȼɭޱȵĪ˹۹ǽʥĵλҲֻǱͨԸߡȴͬն
˹ĹӵܣȻ֪ƽʥĿǳΪһϮ棬ӵԼصʵ塣ȻܹĿĽʥȴʮϡ١
˹ȻһԼ˫ȡΪϣĻᣬȻŹ
˹ļҳ˭˺ˣҪʹ֮
˹һһĨ֮ɫ
ʥ֣˹˲½ʥûһ˿ᡣ
һĨɱˣ˹ڤ粻飬翹вһıӻ̩̹۹ħŮΪӦõɱȻ飬һȫ»㱨
˹Ȼܹͻƣ˾֮еţƹһǿߡǿߣȻĵˣ˵ôĵ˻ǾıȽϺá
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨĹâתĶ˹ĿҲԽԽ
ϾǳѾã䶼۷Ľʥ飬ղ˹Ѿ˲ֹʮˡ
Ϊ֮ͷ֮һϾ޷һ졣˹翹ôΪԼǰ;ͼ壬ҲֻܹΥģ˹ͷٵһץʵ档
˹ڸʲôץס̩̹۹ħŮȻ׸ΰĻʵ۱£
һ֮У̤˷֮ڣĿԼ˹һӶ˹ϣȵ
˹һĨη壬ףҡ
˹ɫȵס죡̩̹۹ħŮҲǻʵ۱յշ㲻ܹץסǺɭ嶼пܻһĸףã۰ľ˾ˣľĸɰļСֶӡѵҪΪһˣͷ𣡣ҪΪǸħŮǺɭ𣡣
˹ԣʱͨߣɫ԰ף岻ϵĲǺɭ棬˵ЦòӹͬһɽһѹϣŽ˫֣ϲû֮ǰļᶨ
ٵһ԰ףճյĿ˹һԲûаҲûзŭֻǿİˣȴС
ȵǺɭʮ˵趼һ֮䡣ץסǺɭһ˹ץס
˹ͷһң岻ϲ
ȵĸף˹ĸף
˹һ뵽ǴС۰ԼĸףΪԼ˲֪Ѫ۵ĸףһңгһֱӴ˷ٵȵĸ
һε޺ޱȵѪҺӷٵȵĸ£ͬһ޺ޱȵĻ䣬
ٵ˫ޱȵĴ۾һ±Ⱦڣ޾ľ˫ȫɣֻʣһƬš
˹һƬ޺죬гһµ˵ϣһֵļеװģң
ȵ˹ץס
·ӵħһ㣬˹·𱻴һ㣬ʹץס˷ٵȵļ


265 
ٵĿ֮гţȻ֮䣬һ¸ӦԼӡͳͳصԼ档
䣡
һ֮ϣٵڵƬذһ¹ݣͬ˹һͬŵ׹ȥ
ٵĿ䣬˹һָʮöɵһº˹֮ϡ
Ǻ޷֮£˹ֻǿ߶뽣ʥĶ壬ͱʮöɵ壬ֱӵɿ
ڱǰɵеһ˲䣬˹˫֮Ҳ𺧺ͲţȴȻǿĳֱɡ
ٵĬģһָһڰ޾ĺڰŨ˲ӿһ½Ƿ֮ڵͳͳڸǡ
޾ĺڰŨ֮УһĨ֮ɫֱȡһƣ֮ųһһɫĹâ֮䡣
ǰɫâҫ֮£еĺڰ˲ɢ
ٵһΪǿħʿ֮ʿѾ֪ͬħı
Ǻڰɢ˲䣬һΣͬһһǴӶȥ
һöö򡢱׶УȸһħĴǴ֮бŴĺȥ
һޱȵĽҫǽʥĿֲ߶֮£һǿޱȵĽȦȻЩԪħһ
һͳͳĽȦȫ顣
λĶҲ֮ͬλʿһ֣ȻĵȼǱȲʿĪ⡣һҲǿޱȣܹͼ
Ǹһ˴һ˲֮һ³˷ٵȵһ쫷绷ƣֱͬŮһ㣬ײǾƵĴţֱӷȥ

ʯߣ

־
ѣ

ٵȸոճƵ꣬ʮ淨һºϡ
һööޱȵľһ´ӷٵȵ֮зɳγһεħ֡
Ǹָ淨һεħ֮ϣֱӱʧ
ξһرħڷٵȵĲ֮£ľ֮ǰκһ޷ֺ
ħĹٵȷ·Ϊһֻ޴ķһԵһ֮зȥ
ʥ֮УʮָӣֻҪٵӳǸӵС֮ڣܹӳ졣
𺳣
һħʿĬģŷٵһָʩչ
ǰУٵȺȻһͬ۶˫һӰ֮ŵֱ׹䡣
ħ󲿷ȴ޷ȫħĹ

һħʿĬģֳħȣŷٵһָ
ۣγһŷٵһĽٵȲơ
ٵһѹǿޱȵľעħ֮ϣħһųǿħâǴֱɢ
ȣȣ
ٵȶȻ֮䣬һԣһεѪָ֮еء
һħʿ΢΢һ̾һĨ֮ɫСӵħʿΪϧˣ̩̹۹ˣ
ʮħʦΧټħʿĹٵȻѣǴرħ֮⣬ʵҲһһǿ


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һ˷ٵȵ֮ϣȻرħ¡ÿһħһ˿ٵȵɫҲӲ԰һ֡
ħʿĬģһŷٵȥ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮҪһŵķٵȣôͱšĪ˹۹λǿ۹ʵӵеȨ
䣡䣡䣡
Ȼ֮䣬Ƭֵ֮ڣʱһ޴ıըɡ
ǿֲıը֮Уһ֮ʿǿߡħʦȫǿֲıըɡ
̳ѵʯ·ɽ
Щħʦһڱը˲䣬͸Լӳһ
ħʿҲֱӺ˼ĬģһӳԼϡ
Ǳը̳ȫɢȥ֮˶ɫʮѿķ֣ǸһԭѾ֮ķٵѾʧ
վǾƵ֮У濴ȥһЦɭȻֶΣȻΰĻʵ۱ҪˣɷߡǸħŮ˹֮Ĺϵأ
Ƶ귿֮ڣ˹ʧǵһţ˫ֱͷ˶ʧȥ˾һ㣬һ
һЦߵڰ׵ǺɭԱĹҵĶ˹ħŮһҵĶ˹İħŮֻҪħŮ̩̹۹鱨ˡ
Ŷѵ˹𣿡һȣǷ·ʬ˹һЦ˹ûİٵȣֻҪ̩̹۹鱨𣿡
ͬʬһ˹һ˫ۣĵ棬ǱŮҪƯͬʯһ˫֮гԹ֮ɫ
ȵ˹شĻǺɭĪ˹۹Ķʵ۱ҳϵĳӡԸ
˹΢΢һޱȣҧ촽һһң˹ûаٵȣңֻǣã̩̹۹鱨
Щһ˵ڣ˹˫ѾҧƣһεѪ˫֮У˵ϡ˾񶼷·Ϊһ仰һգ̱˴ϣͬһһ㣬
źˡ£һԭԭʵ۱»㱨ôټˣ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬תȥ
׹⽣ʥ˹Ǹʱ̱ž裬ܾ֮ǡ
ıӰ֮ɫһΣգ
Ŀ䣬һ̾׹⽣ʥ˹ȻˣԽԽѶԸˡİ˹塣
û漣֮ǵĲƸͲƶĪ˹۹Ž漣֮ǡ˹嵱ûж֧֣Ƶ˵۹ʵⲮĵλ漣֮Ҳ̫ѶԸ
ѾΪĪ˹۹ʵⲮֶһ׹⽣ʥ˹Ҫͱø
Ϊ漣֮ǵĳӵо޴ĲƸΪĪ˹۹ʵⲮܹЩӴƸΪԼʵ
ײ³ʥǽԽԽĽʥӪΪӵкԭǹޱȵأֳһо죬Ҳ˲Ԫ
˹ҲǿǱŻᶦ֧棬ҽֱǵӪ档
ھǱԶĵطһͨ񷿵ص֮ڣٵɫ԰ףڴһεѪĸ˵ϡ


266 ǻ۽ƻ
ǵҵĴźȻ򿪣һӰǵ֮ڡ
Ȼ㣡
ٵȻ̧ͷҵӰ֮Ĺâȫ˿Щʲô
΢΢һЦڷٵǰ£ûҡ
֮㣡
û֮ʩѹ
ϵӡĹ
Ҹҩӡ
ٵȳĬһᣬЩŤҧгݵΪʲô
Ϲ΢ЦӦҪ㡣һŮƽˣҪҼŮˣҾӦҪƷһͬʹ࣬Ʒһ֮ʹ࣬ҲŻˡ˹һʹ𣿡
ٵȳĬ˺һᣬҧ˴ϣһεεѪ䵽˵ϵʹʹǰķٵȣϢʹһˡ
ôһʵȤĶԻ
΢΢һЦȡһö¼ˮһ¹עС
˹ûİٵȣֻҪ̩̹۹鱨𣿡
֮ڣȻ
ٵɫ԰ף˫һʣһεѪ֮ڣ档

ң˹ûаٵȣңֻǣã̩̹۹鱨
˹Щʹ࣬ѵһһƬ֮ͬһ⵶˷ٵȵ֮ϡ
ٵ۵һ³һѪɫò԰ޱȣ˫֮Ҳ޾֣ħ
һϷʵĿѪķٵȣûһ˿ͬ飬ֻ˵Ŀ⡣
ã漥һЦ˴˱˴ˣҳҲʲôˣأѵǺ𣿡
ٵɫ԰ף˫ֽʳһŵ㲻֪𣿡
浭֪ãУҲνֱǻԵɺϣô׵ֵĶ֪ܣܹõĻ𣿡
ٵһħʦѾħʿ֮ħʦҲʲôܵ顣ħ֪ܣȴûнŪУѶȿ֪
ٵ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǻ۽ƻˣ
ʱɫ䣬񶯵岻ϲһǰ㣬˫֮ɢ̰ʧǻ۽ƻǻʮų𣿡
ǻ۽ƻǷλΪ˵֮еıҲǷλλǿı
λ֮УҲֻһǻ۽ƻĴڡǻ۽ƻһһѿһһһһÿһνֻᵮһöǻ۽ƻ
κֻҪһöǻ۽ƻ֮ǰôӵпֲǻۣһԾΪＶţʲô֪ʶֻҪһۣܹ
ǻ۽ƻûڳɳ֮ǰˣ϶ΪĴϵǿ˹Թһöǻ۽ƻ˹ҲǷλ֮Уǿ֮Ϊǿһ
ڲ֮λ֧λʱǻ۽ƻÿһǷλزٵĹƷֻʿʳ֮еʿʵ۲ʸǻ۽ƻŵһöľ
ıȻǿڵ졣
λսΪλǻ۽ƻġ
֮λ֮սħҲǻ۽ƻľء鱨ʾǻ۽ƻӦûʮŻ졣
ǰλ棬ȻҲǶǻ۽ƻ졣һܹǻ۽ƻŪ֣ǻ۾ܹٴα°빦
ٵȻһЦ治򵥣Ȼǻ۽ƻ֪
ǻ۽ƻڷλ֮У鱨ѾֱɾȥЩйϵ壬Լ̻ĵĸ߲֮⣬û֪ǻ۽ƻĴڡ
һöǻ۽ƻҲܹıһ˵ˣһ˳Ϊ߾ǳ顣ǿ֮е񶼲Ը֪ⷲ鱨ΪkҲϣǻ۽ƻı
ǿѹס˷̰ܺһҪʲôֻҪǺҶԴӦ㡣
ٵ֮һĨԹ·Ӿ֮ӿһ㣬Ҫߣλɭ壡
üͷ΢΢һǺɭˣ
ٵСѾѪ˿ڣһ˿˿ʹ˿֮д˫һӰ֮У¶һ˿ЦݣΪǺɭˣҲҪٵɭ壬ҪΪһۡ
ãҴӦ㣡
һᣬôҲ벻ٵȵ뷨Բȥ룬ֱĬģŷٵһָһԵķ˷ٵȵϡ
ϵӵ΢թ֮ͽԼһЩر֮⣬Ǵ漶ǿ߱Եķϣһ˵ѣ϶ᷢ仯
̩̹ϵ֮Уûлթ֮Ƶ顣ٵȳӵȼıпֵܵԵķ
ǻ۽ƻλľͷƽϿһ֮ϡԶʱڣûеʱ򣬾һΪʱ֮ǿħǻƽϿ֮ʩչ޷Υħ
ĬȻǺųƲ֮λǿ֮һʱ֮ͬλ棬ڵȡһöǻ۽ƻ
ƽħ֮£ΪĽκһȼİӵ飬һƽ򣬾ͻᱻһɷˡ
ǻ۽ƻһһѿһһһһ޷ġϵαŮֲŮɭŮ֣ÿ궼ǰǻ۽ƻ棬ķͱһǻ۽ƻսǻ۽ƻĳǰٶꡣҲ˵꣬ǻ۽ƻͻ죡ٵȵ
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һöǻ۽ƻǿλսľǻ۽ƻ֮ʱǿ߻۷λս֮ʱȻλܹռϷ磬ܣҲ䣬ͬʱ
һǻ۽ƻ죬ǰȡǻ۽ƻܹһսҲӵмԪ˵ǱƲѣܲսá
Ȼʵô֪ǻ۽ƻĳʱ䣿
ٵȵһöǻ۽ƻͿ÷˸ıˣһĻᡣ֮⣬Ҳͬǻ۽ƻʮֶġ
λ߸ϣ֧һУԪ޾ͨҲͰˣЩλ綥ǿȻĽ£ͬٽһΪһԱ֮еĳԱҲ⡣
ĳԱһͻܵףӵԶ˵Ԫǿ츳ͬҲҲΪ顣


267 
λʤһߴףʹðɫƸɣߴŲħҲʥ֮УΨһһħ
й͢ʦܲ棬Ī˹۹Ͷ͢Ķħʦ漶ħʦ
һ̤ʯ·Զͣ˰֮ǰ
洩һɫ͢ʦĳۣ֮лһ߸ߵİ
Ī˹۹ʵһ㶼סԼ棬ͬʵһĴڡϺٻĪ˹۹͢浣ʵְ
ʵⲮȻܹΪ͢ʦǶ䣬ҲͬǽʥһֶΡ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮȻ˵ﶼǲбɫĻһЩӦûֶΣҲһ㲻ȱ
滺̤˰֮ڡ
һ֮ڣ㿴һħѧͽħʦǰ治ϴææȥɫҴҡ
ÿһħѧͽ綼𾴵ĴڣȴֻһۡʮԼʽħʦȴ洦ɼ
һ˿˿˿־Ĵħʦ񲨶ʱʱĴǰɢȻдħʦǰŸħʵ顣
һɫĴǰԵʣ͢ʦ𣿡
ĿɫĴһۣоâһ󹷲ħһĳǣ
ɫĴ󹷵ҽаһһ͢ʦ
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ʵΪʲôᱻһ
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һ֮ǰһָķ䣬Ĳ£Ѿ档
̧ͷһǴϽǴһơ13ħӡӽǹ͢ʦͬʱҲǹ͢ʦϵͳ13ħӵĴӳ13ħеĹ͢ʦֱ¡
ƿţ˽ȥ
Ǵ֮ڣʮ͢ʦʮ͢ʦÿһ˶һħϸϸжĽ룬ֻ̧һƤһۣһĮȻļԼеħ顣
֮ڣһĮų⡣
֮ڣӵаħʦһħʿûΪûʵԳΪǵĴӳ
浭ӽҾǵͷˡ
·һƬĬħʦǼΪһȺˣȻЩħʦѾͶĪ˹͢ΪĪ˹͢߹Ȼʮֽ
һħʦôЩ͢ʦǻһ͢ʦӵħʿʵˣЩ͢ʦҲ
һħʦһʵ壬ҲԺöЩĹ͢ʦ
浭һЦЩ͢ʦķӦȫ֮С
滺Ѿõµɣʥ潨һħѧԺһԽڳħʦħѧԺȱʦļһЩʦ֮У˭ԸΪ۹һħѧԺһԽڳħʦħѧԺʦ
һˮһĹ͢ʦ֮
һ͢ʦ̧ͷ棬ż֮ɫ
ħʦǷλ֮УǿĴڡǺųܹնɱǽʥֻҪħʦ׾룬ʤҲɡ׹⽣ʥ˹Ĵ潣ʥһħʦ׾룬ֻ·һ
Ǵħʦ˵ǿͬҲϡ֮Ī˹۹͢棬͢ʦ֮УҲֻвʮħʦ
ǽħʦħʼǣޱȣѵһЩ͢ʦҲҪ´󹦣츳пܻò鿴Ǵħʦħʼǡ
һͷѾЩ׷һɫħۣؿڱһö͢ʦµħʿ̧ͷ棬¶һ˿֮ɫ͢ʦ͢ʦ˹ܹң˵κλǹʺ
˹Ѿ͢ʦһְλϴʮ꣬Ǹ͢ʦְλѾרӪꡣһ͢ʦְλѾŭͼʳ⡣Ȼһʵ壬Ҳ޷סеŭ
浭ô˵ֻҪ㣬ôҾͷˣ
˹Цûǹ͢ʦΨһʹػʵ۱£ػʥǣҪսֻҪܹսʤң13ħӵͷˡ
滷Щ͢ʦһ˰˹ôǾͻҵ
һħʦ˿ûκηֱܹܰ˹ʦұͷ㡣
һħʦҲûܹܰ˹ʦұͷ㣬ҿоͷ㣡
һһĹ͢ʦǵж֮ɫ
һħʦҪսһħʿֱĪ˹۹Ĺ͢ʦһרսսԶԶͨħʦ˹ɱħʿħʿ֮Ҳպյǿߡ
¶һ˿ЦݵԭֻҪô򵥣
򵥣
˹жʱһĨŭԴӳΪħʦ֮󣬾ʹûӹЩӹˣѾˡһˣһޱȵħʿ
ħʦĵλڷλһսʿҪߵöࡣһħʿĵλһʥҪЩΪ飬ħ԰쵽ʥĶȴ޷쵽һħʿ׼ɱһʥ
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˹һЦãʤˣôӽҾҳϵĲ¡ˣԶְȥ͢ʦְλ
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濴һ޼ɵķâ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ĳܻӭأ


268 ħ׶Ͼ
䣡
һ죬ǰ֮һʵֱӷһ޴ıըֲıըʵҵĴŶ÷顣
һ뷢԰ףħ߰㣬ͷҵһ㣬һǿŤߴʵ֮˳
˫۳죬޷ȵƿڴɶʧˣĸڳ⣿˲ļħѵֻܹ쵽𣿡
ףô£ôôˣߺȻһףǸϼһȻҲˡ
һâҫ˲ԭʧ
ǰħڣһרΪħʦĹս̨֮ϣһӰŤһ³Ǹ̨֮ϡ
Ǹ̨֮ϣվһòͨΨһ˫쳣ǳһߡ
ܹվ̨֮ϵħʦֻдħʦҲζţ߶ǿޱȵĴħʦ
Ǹ̨·һǧλ棬Ѿһ롣ֻҪڰĹ͢ʦѾħ׼֤֤ʧܡ
ͷҵһֱһϴֵСһ֮սôᾪˣ
࣬׼СһһԺԭںԭ濪һеˣһħʦ
һҲһĨ֮ɫԭȻܹǸط濪һУô쵽ģ
ԭǱѪȾĵ򣬸ɺˮҪｨһУ齵񼣣Ƭ򣬲пܰõʷ֮ϣӢۺҪǺԭǲҰܡ
һ˾ȻܹǺԭ潨һУ𺳿֪
һᣬһĨػ˹һħʿȻսôӦҲһħʿҪǷħ𣿡
Ĭһᣬĵ˵ͷ
ĬһᣬһĨӵĹâħУĽɣ֮⣬κ˶޷ӡһΣյĵ·֮ϡף
һħʦ
һ׷֪ʶħʦ
Ҳ޷赲׷֪ʶľġ
ʮǰҾӦһУ׷ϧʱȻ޷һЩڣҲ¶˾ģҪ顣
˫֮оҫһһ
Ŀ⸴ӣһ̾һӣ
ԼĺѵףĺѾһΣգΪݵĵ·ħʦҪͨ·ִı˰һķŭ֮¡
ħʦǷӣ
໺ܹԭҲδħСֻ֮ħСİ
ƽУҾȥ塣
λĻڷ뷲˽ϣһһ塣ֻЩ˲ܹħ˫ޣ֪ħİҲֻˣܹħͷųħ
ǲħͷųħħʦͱ֮ΪħУʵħЩħܹͷŵħһħŮôǴ漶ħʦҲһͨˡ
ͨħʦ׷ħУֹ顣һħŮ֪׷ħУͻħ̵ǿ߳ħʦֱĨɱеһͳͳݻ١ΪħлᶯҡħŮ
Ŀ⸴ӣ΢΢ſȻȻһ̾ĬȥʮԼѵѡ񣬲ҲмҵõˣȻܷȥ׷ħУ˶ᱻħ͵֮ϵ
̨֮һƬĬ˫ǳһ˫Ķħ֮ϡ
վħԵƾʿĳ֪ĸ֪˷һĿ⡣
͢ʦһȽ壬͢ʦԴ֣һ־Ī˹۹͢СħʦһΪٻ͸ħ֪ʶͶĪ˹۹ħʦ
͢ʦҪôħʵ˵ĴħʦΣҪôѫʵǿޱȣĪ˹۹͢СħʿΡ
治һħʦʵ壬Щ͢ʦǿҲûʸǸʵΪһ͢ʦͳǡ
ħʦĪ˹۹طѾһǿߣ󲿷ֵĹ嶼ʮһħʦλʮֳߡǿƵĹ͢ʦϵͳ棬ħʦûʲô˲ġ
һĿע֮£Ĭģһ罫ƣֱӷɵħ֮ϡ
˹¶һ˿֮ɫ̨̤һħĶ档
˹һЦΪԼÿһЩ˷һħ޴ս֮УҲһ̣һħܹתս֡
˹Ϊ͢ʦҲսд衣пս֮УÿһҪܵļ㣬Ϊħʦÿһܹʩչķ޵ġǿԻָħҩһǰһ׼ķλĹ⣬ħʦҲͱһͨˣսԡ
ƽҵʵǿ̫ˡ㼸ħҲעҵϡ
ܵǸֻ㡣
˹ʮƽΪ͢ʦսʮħʦսб뱣侲һ侲ħʦǿħʦ
Կʼ
һ͢ʦΪе˵һ䡣
˹ſһ³ħףħ߼Ť˲ΧγһŤķ֡
һħʿ̾ħ׶Ͼ䣬ǰ˹
һħʿҲ̾ħ׶Ͼ䣬ʩٶͨħʿϣʵսֻ¿һЩ˴ħʦˣ
ħ׶Ͼħһֿʩɣֶħܹһħʿʩٶȱͨһֹ
ħʦս֮УħʩٶҲʮҪͬħʿսҲͻΪħʩٶ֮Ĳһͱ˻ܡ
ħ׶ϾʮѣÿһħʿܹյļɣҲֻа˹רսŹ͢ʦܹһ㡣
Ǹ̨֮ϣħʦȴûκζݡǶĴħʦħ׶ϾСɣѾաҽħ˲ħ˲ħĴħʦκħʿսǣֻ·һ
ħ׶Ͼ䣬Ҳᰡңǿ
浭һЦ»ģħŮͽľ񲨶ͨħſһ³ħףһ߼Ť˲ϣͬʱħ𺳷ֱŰ˹ȥ


269 ܰ˹
˹ʱһͷʹѣ𺳣ҪѪһҪڵϡֻϾսħʿһ³һħףħ˲ʩչ
һɫĹâһ˰˹֮ϣ΢һ㡣
Ǹ̨֮ϣһĻ˫Ȼųһ˿â¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ħʿȻҲһħʿ
ħ׶Ͼ䣬Ǹ߼ħ׶Ͼ䣬⣬ⲻֻдħʦܹյļ𣡣

һĻħ֮еħʦǶΪ֮䶯۷׷ףж֮ɫ
ħʿʵ˸߼ħ׶Ͼʵ𺳡˴ħʦ֮⣬ûܹħʿĽ׶ξո߼ħ׶Ͼ䡣洴һµļ¼
ͬһʱ䣬һ¿ħףħʱʩչޱȵĻ֮ƾն֣޾Ű˹ȥ
ӵʿҲ޷˲ʩչʿʩչħʱҲҪ
ӵħ磬ħħŮλħʦĺģͬʱҲħʦħɣħ׶Ͼ֮һ
ûħ磬ħ׶Ͼûκ塣λ棬ȴܹΪ˲Ĺؼ
սħ֮ڣǿоöϾħʩʱ䣬ˣһ˲˲ܹ˲ѾΪֲ
ǿֲޱȵĻ֮һ˵˰˹ǰĸ߼Ť֮ϣķŤŤյô
ޱȵĻԪصð˹ͷѾյɢŽζһҧһħס
һſޱȵĻ籩˲˰˹Χ
ͷ֮һǻ籩֮ϣǻ籩к͡
ޱһ³ħףޱȵˮԪγɵĴˮȻ֣һײǻ籩֮ϡ
ȣȣ
ڶǻ籩ӲıˮԪγɵĴˮֱ˺÷飬ˮҲһ±к˴󲿷֡
һöɵˮ߱к͵һ˲䣬һº˰˹ؿ֮ϣð˹ֱ³һѪ߹Ƕ˼˵ϣڵĴһʹࡣ
ħ֮Уѻȸ˭Ҳû뵽澹Ȼܹܰ˹ֻһܹΪħʦĶħʿ
˹ȳһѪӮˣ
浭һЦһħףһ޸֮ˮȻ֣Ű˹ȥû˰˹ڡ
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˹ӵվǰһĨճһ̾ˣӽҾҳϵĲ¡
˹֮ĶսĹ͢ħʦ֤˹һԼ涼ȥˡ
һĻЩΧ۵Ĺ͢ʦŻɢȥǶʮӽͻΪĹ͢ʦȨΪ͢ʦϵͳľͷ֮һ
ʦǴħʦϣܹһ
һȻħһâγһȦǰ
˹һʧʦ
ħʦǹ͢ʦϵͳ֮Уǿ֮һӵпֲޱȵʵĪ˹۹ҲǸ˾޴Ĵ۲Ž˵۹͢ʦ档
ڲеǿħʦʮʥҲ֮Ϊóսǿħʦ֮һ
˹벼Ⱦͼֱͬͯͳһ༫Ϊֲ
һᣬֱ̤ǸȦ档
âҫֱӴǹȦ֮ʧ
˹Ŀ⸴ӵĿǹȦһۣ΢΢һ̾תֱ뿪
һ䵽鼮ķ֮ڣһâҫǹâֱ֮߳㿴һվǰ
һħʦͨõڣ¶һ˿΢Цãʦǲ
Ҳͬһħʦͨڣ΢Цã

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ͬǳһ˫ųһ⣬ʵʦǲѾħУ
ӿһĨ赭ħУֻܹաֻһ鷲ˣҴ֮򣡡
ħֻи̻Ĵ̣塢顢ħħĴڲܹħʦ˵ȴǾԵĽɡ
ʮ侲ϣֻǿ߲ܹħ˫ޡǻħУôħ˫ޣ
ħĴڣ÷λħʦԿٵʩչħͬҲǻǰһķòÿ䷨ظ֮£ܹħ˫ޡ֮УֻЩħУпħ˫ޣΪǿߡ
浭һЦϣЩţͬһǰ۹ĴӢɳҲͨƽħ˫ޣտɳ壬ɳΪ۹ǿļ֮һ𣿡
λӵĴڣͬӵĳֲΪħ޵ĳԼһЩַ
λ֮ͬλʿޱȵսϵ䡣
ڷλǲʬλ飬Щ֮ͬೡޱȵսڷ䣬ͬഫС
ɳΪΪ֮һħ˫޶ǿߣĪ˹۹ĴӢۣһĿߡ
ͬҲħ˫޵ǿߣȻ١Ȼ٣ȷʵڣ沢ĻᱻָΪˣΪħ̵Ŀͽ
׼ȥκ׷ħеˣǶħŮ¡ʦĻҿȫûôټ
ȻһЦ㲻ħŮĿͽ
ĿƽĿŲһԲ
ʮ侲ķħŮĿͽôղħеʱ򣬾ӦöҷѡҼͽһͽʲô֮£ֻҪµԣͻᷢ衣ûз裬ʮ侲ԣ㲻ħŮĿͽ
ʱ΢΢һݣŲҲһĨ֮ɫκͽֻƾ»ƭħŮĿ⣬ųΪһħ̵Ŀͽ
һʼ壬ֻûвΪϾĿͽ
ȻһЦºޱȵĿ棺Ҫɱң䷿֮ڣκη˶ҵĶ֡ǽʥҵķ棬Ҳֻ·һΰİҲֻܹƵǱӡ
ħʦһ׼ĴħʦǺɱĴڡر׼õĵ̡


270 
΢Ц
һᣬٴԼԭλ
棬˫֮г̾ʲôȻܹk۾
߾ǳ֮ϣͽΪk۾ֻҪͽĬkʥͽĶkǾܹͽ֪ĶkǶ֪õkǼ֪ܡ
Ҫһһǿĸֱ֪졣˻թ֮֮ѡ֮⣬˸ܰ쵽
һƽΰħŮϵͽ
˼΢΢һЦûħŮϵͽ
ϣĬģһָһɫħâȻȫ֡
ǻɫħâҫ֮£䶼·𱻴и˳һһ㡣
΢΢һݣֶΣǿռħħ裬̫ǿˡʿصطֻǰ;
΢΢һЦ䣬Ѿλ洦ڲͬĿռ档Խ٣ĿͶעп̸֮ڣǿԿϲ̸һ̸ˡ
֮ɫҪյħУ˵ʵħ֪ʶ
ƽܸʲô
¶һ˿Ц⣬ͬʱһħʦʵҪ֮ץʲô
ֱϵѪڶѪһͻܵףӵܡҪǼΪѣв⵽ɡ
϶ǧϵң֪Ŷǿߡһֱûж֣ҲΪɵ֮Щǿߡ
һҿΪͽϤָ㣬Ϊһ漶ħʦʮħʦ׵ıʼǣЩԸ㡣
ǰǿĴħʦ֮һҲʥ湫ǿħʦ֮һħʦħʿҲΪͽܣָ㡣
浭Ҫ漶ħʦһⶼûС
ϹźѪټϴӶδ½֮չεԴΪʿֻʱ⡣Ҳһǰλ棬ɱҪԭ򡣴漶Ŀꡣ
һ̧ͷϸĶ棬Ĭһᣬ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ŀ֮иȣҵ͹ˣ˵ɣҪʲô
ҪΪҵĲ£ҿԽħдڸ㡣
ԣüͷ΢΢һ壬˳֮СһħʦҲӵԼİһħʿҪΪЩִ
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΢΢һЦһָķģ鼮ǰ
һķģϸһʱɫ䣬ʧôǻķģͣԣ֮ǰоķģʲô
һ룬ʮ֮һȷǶʮ֮һķģͣԭӴ󡣡
ôӵķģͣħôܹͷţ
֣֮֮࣬ȻܹԼʶ۳֮𣿡

һЩ鼮ɫϵı仯𺳣оۼҪȻ缢ƿʵļȡ鼮֮еĸ֪ʶ
Ϊħʦڤ뷨ҲǷλǿڤ뷨ʮ޵ĸ߼ڤ뷨ľѾӽǿʿǿߵľ
ӵǿޱȵľܹӵǿޱȵļʲôģֻͣҪһۣܹСܹÿѸظļ䷨ģ͵ĹȻڤ롢ķģ͡
λ棬ħʦʮϡ٣ÿһħʦ֮еšŵ֮λ½ӵӦԴǾܹΪǿʿ
һʹ࣬һ̾ħУϧ֪̫ˣڣѾû㹻ȥ֮ˡ
ľȴʿ۷ǿߣ֣֮Ҫǿ˥壬Ѿ֣֮ʿ֮·
ʿѧͽÿһӵԶʿǿʣֵ֮ʱҪǿޱȵܹԼۣγһöӵ޿ܵӡ
λħʦǿޱȣҪ۳֣֮ȴǸܡ
ڲУЩģͶʵķģͣѾ֮Լʶ档Ϊʶ棬û֮Ϊ֧㣬֧һģ͵ľ
λħӵģͣЩħʦֻҪһСַģͣȻ﹵ͨħעУܹʩչ
ʿԺ湹һܹģ͵ľ֮ͨʿܹѧϰķħʦٵö࣬ʩٶҲȲӵħħʦ
ڲĴħʦУЩԲħʩķʵķܹյ
ǰȴ޷Ȼòʹ಻ѡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺а취ǿ֣֮ħС
һһĨޱȵĹâ˷ޱȵԸΪЧ꣡
ڷλ֮УħʦױħħջֱӶĴڡΪһ׷ѰħУͻᴥħŮĽֻܹ䣬ħħףħС
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ħʦһΪĲ£ôյʮ͢ʦͬΪáһ¾Ͷһǿޱȵ
һֻɴħʦ쵼ķʦţȫԻɱʮͨ彣ʥħǿ֮Ҳħʦ𾴵ԭ
ãӰ֮߳һǰĺȥӸ
ĳһӸȥ
Ӹڡ
ӶʮĿųǰ棬ʵңʲô𣿡
΢΢һЦʥٰһħҩᣡ
Ӷ۾һԵ̾⣡̫ˣ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮħҩǿ׳֮ʥ֮ڵĴǶ֪һǿޱȵħҩʦһһħҩʦʹħҩʦҲδرȵ档
һħҩʦ͵ħҩᣬԻ塢ǿǴͷ­Ž档
Ҫİ̵ʱ֮ڣᡣ


271 뺯
΢ЦһħҩõʽһὫ͸˳ȫħѧԺĽ֮ϡ
ҪһħѧԺҪʽĪ˹ǧ˰ʮȻӦгｨħѧԺһҲᲦеһжֻܹԼŬ
ʽ⡣û㹻Ľң޷ħʦ䵱ʦħʵ豸ħʵϵȵȶҪǮ
ӶҲ¶˷ܵЦݣãģҾԻħҩʥǵ˶֪
ӶȻΪӣÿ¶룬ͬ󣬹ÿµнˮһͨզ֡ĽңҲζܹļĲ¡
һתЦеһ飬ȷųȻ뺯ÿ뺯200ң5000š
Ӷ΢΢һʧ뺯
Ī˹۹û֯ỹ뺯ġڼӶǮˡ
ħҩʦ׼ħҩ棬п˻ָഺòʮħҩ
Ӷ۾һǿ˻ָഺòʮħҩԿ
оǿ׳Ƶħҩ
Ӷ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǾǴϲħҩ
һ죬ֱӽΪʿħҩ
Ӷ۾һһĨ˷֮ɫħҩʿԻ
ħѧͽһͻƾƿΪʽħʦħҩ
Ӷ΢΢˫֮˷̰֮ܺɫ
ħĴڣ÷λԵħʿϵħʦǱħȴħѧͽ
ʽħʦħѧͽȴһƿħѧͽͻƿΪʽħʦħҩԻ˵
΢Цӵ˶ħҩһ뺯ֵֵٽң
ӶЦֵֵ̫ˣ
ٽҶͨ˵Ҳһʾ޴ĲƸǶЩĴ˵㲻ʲôһЩݻĴ壬һͷܹԵǧҡӵ˶ħҩٽҵ뺯Ի˴ͷ
ʥһĺ԰ڡ
һԼʮ˾ϰרעÿһʮ档
һĿ࣬ӿ꣬һĨϧ֮ɫ
ͣ쵽Ϊˡ
Ǻټ޵֮ʱŽе
һ̱ڵϡ
һƯŮ˹һëݸꡣ
óϣĿⶢӻʵʦûϣ𣿡
΢Цתƻү㽫Ҫ̳ɳ壬㲻ʿҲʿΪЧ͵ˡ
һʣЩʹޱȵĴô˵޷ˣĲģҵɳħ˫ޣҴĶħһĹΪʲôΪʲô޷Ϊʲô
һĨǿſҲ֪Ϊħ似˶ٵѪŬ
ʲôʱ򣬿ûз궼Ҫ̿
ǿ첻㣬ӵĹȻ޷ħ似û⣬һҲֻܹΪһ߼սʿ
վڿߵŮȻ˵ү˵һħҩʦʥһħҩᣬħҩ֮ϣ˿ԳΪʿħҩҲ˿ħħҩп˻ָഺħҩ
ʲôп˳Ϊʿħҩ˫һ±һĨ⣬̧ͷŽȥгϣڴʦп˳Ϊʿħҩ𣿡
һᣬЩԥħޱȡħҩѧҲͬأҲп˳Ϊʿħҩ
ħعĴڡħʦҲ˵Լ֪еħȻһʥǿߣħ֪Ҳࡣ
һڴʵôܹμħҩ᣿
ԥһµ˵뺯Ҫ200һţǧţһ뺯ļǮѾ300һˡ
΢΢һЦȥ·ӹܼҽ
һȥ
ãһŹܼƷͷʮ룬Եʮ־˿ǰϹϾүʲôԸ
һλߵϵȥŪʦٰħҩ뺯
·ӹӦȥǣү
һħʵ֮ڡ
һħѧͽ۵ץһŵɫ뺯Ķһŵɫ뺯·Ǿȫ˫֮ŷ֮ɫ૵ͻƿΪħʦħҩһҪõ
һı֮ڡ
һഺѾڣȻŨױȻβס̬֮󸾣žӣĿ֮廳Լȥഺһŵɫ뺯˻ָഺʮħҩħҩһҪõ
ӼӶһӻ֮ǰŶӵˣųһ೬ŶӵĿⶼǼӻ֮ǰ˽ȴӻĴŴ򿪡
ʱӻſѾʮרάΰ
ӻĴŻ򿪣洫һֻ뺯
Ϊʲô
ǧ뺯𣡡
Ϊʲôֻʣ뺯

Ⱥһը˹۷׷ףе
߳󺺸ȺҰŶӽ棬ÿ޹뺯
ЩҲ˾ĵȺ
ôûãǰһǼӻ档
ÿһ˴ӻ߳ʮֱӽΧסе220ңҳ220ңһţ
250ңһţ
280ңһŰɣ

ţ໥ۣͼ˵һħҩ뺯
еֱӾͽе뺯ֱתһ׬˼ٽҡ뺯֮󣬾ڸֻĻ֮£ֱ뿪
ӻų뺯ܿͱһգȻӻſγһ뺯Ķгһŵ뺯·ĻһڲϵͨšһСС뺯
ʥǵ塢塢ħʦ̿͡ʿ³һ뺯ΪħҩӵĶãԸħҩ
λ棬󲿷ֵħ֪ʶڸУ֪ʶ١ħҩѧһ֧Ҫħ֪ʶĳֲҪħʯУֱ仯ܹƳһƿħҩ
һħҩʦضһħʦϵǿߣһħʦϵǿȴδһħҩʦΪˣħҩʦϡ١Ͼڷλħˣѷ顣


272 Ӱ
Ӹۡڡ
Ӷ鼫ãˬһЦ׬ˡ뺯һҡ̫׬Ǯˡ
һҼӶԻöʮңͬʱССһ뺯顣
ʥ꣬ƣǧ뺯ȫЩġжһǮҲ򲻵Щ뺯ֱֻ˼Ӷ˹뺯üӶ顣
ҲƱҡѪĺƣһڣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ӶʵˣΪʲôֻǧţΪʲôһ㡣ʥǵʵһţ뺯Ҳû⣡
ħҩʦĪ˹۹ʮˣ˶ڻʹ棬ֻΪĪ˹ǧ˰ʮһ˷Ըٰħҩģȴֻһˡ
ʥǮ˶úܣų뺯Ҳܹ
΢΢һЦϡΪǧ뺯һ֮ŻЩ˲ŻĸԸĻѴǮЩ뺯Ȼ󻨸Ǯħҩ
Ӷüͷ΢΢һеǧ뺯Բܶ˶ұ˹Ըеͷܴ󣬾Ҳõ
ӶȻǵ۹ӣޱȣͬﲻ𣬳ܹǸпӴ󲿷ˡ
浭塢̡к׽Ĺ壬ҪĻ͸ǡˣͲҪˡ
Ӷһᣬ¶һ˿Ц⣺е
ʱƣʥǶΪһСС뺯һ뺯ļ۸Ҳһ·ߣٽһֱٽһмС
һħҩ뺯ѾݱΪݵ·ӵһħҩ뺯˲һĴ
ʮ֮ʥǸһׯ԰档
һʥʻǸׯ԰档
Ǹׯ԰һˮһʣԵʮƽ̹ʻȥû̫ĵ
һƬ̱ͬʯһĺڷӣϰ˸־ʳһòŮд
Щӵĸվһ¹ڳŮǣһ˷ŵʥ֮⣬Ī˹۹Ĵ
ЩγһȦӣţ֮䣬벻ħҩ֮Ͽħҩ
Ȼ֮Ⱥһɧһһͷɫ̷ϴºЦݵĿ߸һһŮʿĻ̤
ӵ£
һЩϵĴǷ׷׹ȥӲڲѸٵγһСȦӡ
֮ûãһЩ̰壬һͷɫ̷벨߷ƵӣʿĻҲ
Żӵ£
һЩ׽ŻӵĴҲ׷׹ȥžŻڶ׷ȻڶҲγһСȦӡ
ͬһʱ䣬һȥֻʮ꣬δѣһ߰·𲻽˿Уһͷɫ̷߸ʿòŮҲ̤
ʮӵ£
׽ʮӵĴҲѸʮտ׵ߣγһտΪ׵СȦӡ
ӻһۣеĻֱߵһ
Ŀ⸴ӻħҩʦӶãȻܹһħҩʦΪЧ
ĴγɵС֮УӶӵǿڼӶİһԾΪɢС֮ǿ
տ΢΢һЦӶʵԽǿǲԽ𣿰ҵʵʵ̫ǿˡҲҪܹסҵѹ
ڶĬĬͷ
ӰӢ䣬ϷžĴԪ˧¸ƣǿꡣĴ֣Ҳֻ΢ѹסҡ
ȻҲĴ֣˽ȴ೶йϵĴĺ֣ĸʵȫԽӰѹƵô
ʦʦˣ
ʦʦˣ

Ȼ֮䣬Ⱥ֮д֮һĿ⿪ʼѰӰڳļ˶Ϊħҩ
˵ע֮£߸żӶ׹⽣ʥ˹Ļ֮£˻᳡֮С
Ӷһ᳡ֱӴŴ˹
ӶԺĽܵΪһ£粨Ҿŵڶʮտס硢ŵܡʮܣλǺԭ漣֮ǵˡ͢ʦħҩʦ
ÿһͷζһݣÿһݶʮǼݵһЩͨĻݻҪ߹ࡣ
΢΢һЦǺã
ã
ӶʮòĿһ䡣д˽ʮտҲûʧ
˹ʦ˹ʦˣ
ʲô˹ʦģ

˿˹֣Ⱥ֮΢΢һ㶣ʱһ䶯˶Ը˷ܵĿѰֵӰ
˹Ѿʮ꣬Ī˹۹ǿħҩʦ֮һҲĪ˹۹һƾħҩȹħʦɱһħʦɱʥǿߡȫһ£ҲĪ˹۹дɫʵļħҩʦ
һЩС沿ȴԵʮᣬȥֻжʮ꣬˫ȴд˲ɣһۿȥʮìܣһĮȻӱ˫ֻ˹
СӵߣǸһĿ࣬ߴӢһͷҫ۽𷢣Ͷ֮·𶼴һѪζӡ
ӵֱϣվһͨɫ̷òӢ˫΢΢Щ죬·̺޾ӡ
󣬸ʮÿһ϶ɢһǿߵϢ
һˣоɫһ´䣬ޱȵң˿˹ʦսҲ𣿡
һѪζӣǴӰҡֱİСħҩʦ˹ֱϵӵǿս֮˹˼˹ĵһ˳λ̳˲ޡ
Ӷ˵ɫҲˢһ±ʮѿ
һ㲻Ī˹۹ĻȨ֮κλʵ̨ûɶܶǡҲǾԣͬҲĴڻΪԭȨ֮Сϵõֵ֧ˣٻڻȨ֮ʧܡ
һ۾Ϳ˼Ӷˣ˫֣
һ·֮ϣЩĪ˹۹ĴǶķֿóһ·ң·Ϊ·Ȼ顣


273 ħҩʦ˹
һĨ֮ɫǴӰңȻ
ӶĴӶʮֳɫӰһȣݼͷ֮Ĳһ㡣
ֻǰԽӢ䣬ԽϻλһƿĪ˹۹ĴȨҪ飬ʮѡ
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˹΢΢һ㶣˫֮бӿ޾ŭһЦ޴ֻҪҩڣΪ޴ҴΪҵūˡҪħҩսһҪΪӮһūеһжҪܵӮһ֧䣡
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ĬһᣬϸĿŽɫħԼһᣬȷ֮˼ӶĴ֣ǩԼ֡
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ǿµħҩħʦ޷ħҩ

·˵ĴжһĨļ֮ɫȡֽȥǵѪҺ
˹ûˣħҩ޸֮ˮ֮һָһŻ˲佫ħҩ޸֮ˮ֡
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һħҩ֮󣬿˹ʩչֳһͷ˼ֶΣʼһħҩ
ڶʮձ棬ãͶ˶ʮֹޱȵҺ塣


274 ħҩĳͷ
˹ǶʮҺһµһħǿħձ档
ǶʮҺһ·ڹȻγһļ壬Ȼһ󷭹һʮֻ۾ĳ߹ȻٴηγһųݵĹ
·еĹڶĿɿڴħձ֮зڹγ˲ͬħҩ
ħҩÿγһֹɢһײУĿֲϢ·һͷ˶ɵ׶ħ֡
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ȡһֻȭͷС·Ѫһħҩŵһħձ棬һָһҺ䷨γɵҺһûħձ档
ȭͷСѪɫħҩһ³۾ͣҺĸʴ֮£ޱȵĲҽ֮
һָһŻһħձ棬һŻ档
Ѫɫħҩڻ֮£ҽУգһҽ֮Уһ̯ɫҺ壬ħձ֮вϵķڡ
Ѫħ˹Ȼܹ̫ˣ׻ʲôҩԣ˹˫ԲɣĶ棬૵
ħҩѧ˹ȻħҩѧʦҲ޷ȫա


275 ħҩĶ
ʮħҩʹֲͬħֶδʮ˱ޱȵҺ壬ЩҺ岻ϵķ·ӵһ㣬ޱȵ
˹Ķʮ˱ޱȵҺ壬һ߿˼һͷ૵ʲôħҩôû˵
潫ʮ˱Һһµһħձ֮ڣʮħҺʱһ󷭹ڡ
ʮħҺ˲佻֯γһħҺ֮ն𣬷ޱȵХ֮·һӵԼһ㡣
һ㣬ĬģһŻȻħҺ֮ϡħҺ֮ʱȼħҺ֮ɢݶħҺ֮ȫһ͸Һ壬䵽һħձ֮ڡ
档
ħҩʦ棡
ԭħҩȻƳɵģ

·Ī˹۹Ĵž֮̾ɫ˷ޱȵ۵ԭΪħҩǲͬħֲֲĥɷĩһıһ𣬾ܹγһħҩڿ˹Ƶħҩһƿħҩô򵥵顣
һħձݸ˿˹һЦҴһϹħҩҩ֮лָħҩĶҩˣҲ䣬һѳ˹ʦҪ䣬ü
Ķ䣬ⲻϹѾʧħҩ𣿡
ħҩĶ䣬ܹħҩ֮аӢҲΪ˾ĶҩԱʴɱΪ˷ˣձ

һ𾪵ЩħʦǵĿѿڶеħʦΪʧħҩٴо𺳡
ǱȴħҪǿ󣬶ԸߵĿֲÿһͷӵǿޱȵ͸ֲֿĿԡܹĶ޼еħҩܹİȴԳáħҩĶܹħҩħ֮ңֻ±ħҩĳͷҪǿϼ֡
һ𾪵Ŀ⼯ϣħҩʦҲûһ˻ɡ
Ϲħҩ֮ԻʧΪսҲ֮⣬һҪأħҩ̫ơħҩʦ޷ָħҩģȡеľ
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Ķ䣡ãҵҪܹܲҶ䣡
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˹ץǾĶ䣬Щ˫ĶǾĶ䣬˷ܣǿ־塣˷ܵǿԼһµϹħҩ־ǣϹħҩʱпܶ
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˹Ѿʮħҩʦħ̵ĽڶܹĶݡ֪жǿǷ顣
΢΢һЦãֵסħҩĴָҾͻ㡣
˹οһЦħҩĶ䣬˷ֿ־Ŀ⣬һڽǾĶ˿С
ħҩĶһ븹У˹ʮѸٵĽһƿƿ׼õħҩֱӹ˿С
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ħҩĶܹħҩ˹ȻĪ˹۹ɫħҩʦҲ޷ֵ˿ֲħҩ
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˹ƿɫħҩ֮ɫָһЩҧ䡣
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죡Ǵӵ£
ȻһϮĺȡ˹ʦɣӵ˫

·Ī˹۹ĴǷ׷ԵţͬʱĽ
һϮĺ죬ǿ彣ʥܶһӶ޷õĶ׹⽣ʥ˹Ϊ˳ΪһʵоֱͶ£ΪЧһϮĺ죬һЩħʦΪ֮ġ
˹˼ƿħҩָԪ֮󣬲Żһ̾Ըķ䣬ȻˣôӽҾ˵ūˡң㲻˷һΪ顣
΢΢һЦûҵ£˹ʦȻΪҵūȴὫūǵҵо飬ͬоħҩĻ顣
˹һħҩʦƸħҩѾ࿴΢еͷԵˣὫ˹ħҩʦū
ҺȻ¶ЦݣʮӶҺ㣬ֻҪͶңͺɭ֮ìܣҿúɭ岻׷ֻҪͶңֻҪܹϻλԭҾԲκ˲֡
Ӷʱɫ䣬ʮԼ밲֮Ĳڵ˵棬ҿ˷һܣӶܵ޴ش
΢ЦʮֱǸҶԵķҲʮۡϧѾͶ˼Ӷ£ֻܹܾĺˡ
Ƿλֻ´ʱѾѡ밲ҵ¡Ӳ֮λǰΪ˳Ϊ߾ǿյ顣밲ҵ£档
źҵĴԶΪٺúõĿһ°ɣ
ҲûзŭһĨ֮ɫתԼĲ´󲽵뿪


276 ħҩ
濴ŰȥıӰһĨ֮ɫһᣬ˫ģòŮһ߳ſ˹ʦȥҲ˸̨
һԸУòޣһ¶أɫ¶Ƭѩ׷ز޳ȵŮЦߵ˸̨롣
Һãǿ˿ҲһħҩʦһħҩὫħҩʦƶӵַ˼ħҩħҩӦоУȫʵ˵Ըôڣʽʼɣ
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һŮһƿװɫħҩ͸ƿ˹˿˿ߡ
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˿˿ĻЩϣòٵĹ˺һ±üĶһƿħҩഺĻ䣬¶һĿ⡣
ħҩഺĻкüƿЩǻᣬ໥䡣ֻһƿĻֻܹѡᣬ֮У˶ǵĵˡ
ڿʼʽħҩഺĻ䣬׼һǧңÿμӼ۲һٽҡڿʼ
һǧһٽң
һǧٽң

˿Ļո£Щһ˫۳죬̵죬ļӼšħҩഺĻ׾ٵľͻǧҵĴأһ·ǧҳȥǧҵĴأͻǧ֮󣬼Ӽſʼ
һƤ׷㻯ŨױҲȻβסƵϸ˴еһң
һͬŨױϸҲеһǧң
һǧң

һҷĹȿֺ󿪼֮£ħҩഺĻ۸
һһҵϸ˫۳Ŀһۣң
ҵۣЩ侲ĬܹȫָഺħҩԲֹҡΪ˻ָʮഺͻңЩҲҪһ¡
ҵһΣ˿Χ΢ͣһ£ȻһЦһĽࣺҵڶΣҵΣɽ
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ȻȷЩеǰһͳһҵֽ֧Ʊݸ˿˿һѽħҩץУһڽħҩԼĿС
һɫħһ˱ȷ˵ϣƵƻȥ¶һŷ֣֮ЩɡݵҲ˻󣬳˹Щɱ´˫壬Ҳ÷ӯʵͦš
̶ʮʱ䣬һŨױȻԵЩªϸˣһ±һ֣˹󣬷·һ㾧ӨâĶˡ
ȷʱҲһ۶ֵľˡǮˣŸϧഺĻ䣬ͬʱӿഺ
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ȷȡЯĥ÷ͭͭɫ˵ȣȻԼǳഺ˫֣˷ܺͼ˫֮˳
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һһӱȷ˵òΧߣάֺһ֮ʱһ㡣
ЩȷͬһʱϸһҧгݣĶűȣж˺ںͼ֮ɫ֮˶ܹóĽңȴòֵΪʮഺôĽҡǿȷ֮Ǳг˺ڡ
֮еĪ˹۹ǼһĻж΢΢һݡЩޱȵħҩһˣҲȫˡ
һĨ֮ɫ΢Цʦ
˿ССľٶЩĪ˹۹Ĵһ˾֮ģ֮һӷħҩ
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΢Цã
֮䣬˿Ůʦ˾ѾȨƵ
˿һСƿӣѪħҩȻһЦҪħҩʿޣʦĵħҩһͨھһʿѵ֮һڵǿޱȵĶһƿʿͬ԰Щʿͻʿʿǳʿƿΰ˼䣬ʿǵޡʿ޵׼һңÿμӼ۲һǧҡ
ң
˿Ļո£ɳЩ͵ĴеħҩʿޣԲܷħҩ
һǧң

ĬһᣬЩǿʼʿѸٵļ۸Ѹٵ̧ʿ޾Щһ׷۷ǿǿõħҩһʿҲܹһλߵĲʿЩ˵һʻ
ħҩʿ޺ܿͳʮҵĴȻһ·ۣʮ΢ͣЪűû
Ͼħҩʿ޿Ա֤˽Ϊʿǿߣȴ޷֤ʹһܹǳʿǱ֤˽Ϊǳʿħҩ۸ڼϡ
ʮң
ħҩʿ޴ﵽʮ֮󣬿˫۳죬һۣһˡ
ʮҵһΣ˿Χ΢ͣһ£ȻһЦһĽࣺʮҵڶΣʮҵΣɽ
ԼǰȡֵΪʮҵֽ֧Ʊݸ˿˿һѶƿʿһڵ¡
һǿޱȵʱڿļҴľһ³һǿĹذĻһǿޱȵĶֱӴ֮ӿ
һʵĲʿһĨ֮ɫʿǴʿĶΪ
ʿɳΨһ̳˿޷ھȻһٳΪ˴ʿǿħҩ
ħҩħҩʦĲƷ

һЩĽͼʵĿⶼ˿ϡ
ɳΨһ̳޷似ħѾ֮деڿ֮󣬶ж޷Ϊʿǿߣ죬һƿħҩһС


277 ɪɳ
ǶҵĶ
˫ۣڵı仯˫֮г˷ܣ췢һХ֮˫֮˳
Щ꿨һֱȻû˸˵ǰȴвڳЦһɳҲв˰ҪΪɳѫģ֮֮缫ǿһûļ̳ˣͬ
ڿһԾΪ˴ʿħҩǿ֮´ͨ˾֮·һƬ˳Ҳ޷ķ
ţߵǰ΢Цʦɳļ̳˿лħҩǷһ顣ҪĻɳң
΢Цֻóħҩѣħҩı£㲻лҡ
ˬһЦãʦԺҽ𣿡
΢ЦȻԣ
ĸı˶ЩĪ˹۹ĴǸӵķһƿƿĸħҩ
ųһƿħҩܿͱ˷һգΪＯǧҵĽҡ
һԵļӶЦúϲ£죬ǧңٿԷֵİٶҡһʾ޿ļĸ֣װ
Ƿħҩἴ֮ǰ滺ߵ˸̨֮ϡ
Щִٵĸ
Ǹ̨·Ī˹۹Ĵһ棬жһĨη֮ɫ
ħҩʦһƿħҩܹıһ˵ˡǿߣЩĪ˹۹ĴûбƵԸ
Եıһָһ¡Ѿõµɣʥ潨һħѧԺһרħʦѧԺ½ᵣħѧԺԺһְǻᵣεһԺһְȤĻ˽
Ļ·ЩĪ˹۹Ĵһ˫۳죬Ķס˱֮ɫ
ЩĿ⣬жЩ¡
ħڷλ֮£ǿ֮һһħʿͳ˧ħȫԽʮ彣ʥɱ
彣ʥǹǿߣ֮ԽʿǿնɱһԶ룬һһǵϣԽشһըǵ嶼ԽǺɱ
彣ʥħʦΨһսűǲħʦԼλãħʦħ֮ǰԷնɱȻǿ彣ʥҲԶһһϵն顣ǶԸϵĿȴǼͣ޿ɱܣֻܹöǿӲ
ħʦ˵ǿͬΪħĴڣԼħʦϵĴзʽħʦһֱʮϡ١
ʥĪ˹۹ĵ۶ŻԵħʦ˳һЩƫƧĳ棬Ҫҵһħʦʮѡ
һʽħʦλҲߣĪ˹۹棬һʽħʦλȹ壬ŻеȨҲƽͷĻᡣ
Щ˶ӵиãֻеһ˳λļ̳˲ܹ̳ǵľλصȴ󲿷ֵĲƲһֵֻܹһЩ΢ĲƲȻı·
ЩһħѧԺʮĶħѧԺѧԱλáһǼ֮ܳħʦܹľҳ˵֮ҲԻøõǰ;
Ϣ֮󣬱ֱת˸̨
һĪ˹۹ĴǱ׷Χ˹ֱΧס
һòΪӢƲСӵһº͵ʵСôҼˣɯأ
ӣһĨ֮ɫ塣
ǰȥɯ棬ÿһμľܹоò֮źĽһԼĲм֮󣬱װǲԼŮһƽŮн
һ彣ʥֻҪλȨأĪ˹۹͢ȨĽʥЩȻأҲԷȴǲЩʥ
Ĵۻᣬͨ彣ʥ롣
ڰű̬ŵüͣñв΢΢һĸ顣
һĪ˹۹ĴǷ׷׽ӽҪĿ̽漴ٰħѧԺʲôĴڡ
ЩĪ˹۹Ĵǻ֮Уĵõ˼㣬Ȼ潻һһЩĪ˹۹Ĵ˵
ħҩϵ飬ܿͨʥǣʥǶΪ֮䶯
ΪħѧԺļշת࣬ͨ;ŪһħѧԺ뺯
λħʮֹϣ˻ʼҵĹ͢ʦϵĴ֮⡣ħʦͽǵֺħҷԼ֮Ž֮Ϊѧͽ
һЩԸŹֵħʦһħûпǹͽ顣ħʦһǵĴоͻϾֻеһЩ˶ǰµħħʼ֮󣬲ܹµħѧͽ
һЩħ֮⣬һЩҲֻܹŪһЩʮͨħ鼮Ҫϵͳһħʦʮѡ
澹Ȼʥ濪˵һרħʦѧԺȻ˾޴ĺ䶯
ЩʵĴֻǵһ㲻ٻʵ
ǹ͢ʦӵʮʽħʦЩħʦȫԳΪħѧԺʦ
ʮʽħʦָֻҪʲ̫ˣпܳΪħѧͽ
ʥһƶڡ
һˮܹŵ㣬ŢɢζС档
һݵøһ֫ϸޱȣɫΪӪƣһͷһ̷꣬ʮ־ĴһͷҴһᣬССǰһƾɵС棬ƿӣ˽ȥ
Ǽ棬һССƼݣֻһ˫۾Եʮȥֻʮһ꣬Ϊ˫Ư۾ԵЩɰСŮ
ɪ硣ǸСŮһǶ̷ֱ꣬ӭ
ɪãһĨ۰СĴӻһȭͷСĺ۰ɳ԰ɡ
ǸСŮһĨϲɫһᣬóƾɵС룬ˮһˮݸɪʮֶµɪ磬һԡ
ɪһڿˮѵĽĿǺƿѾԹˣҸղѾԹһ嶪İڻ
࣬һ֮ɪĸдտС棬Եʮ
ɳ˫֮УȾһһˮݵɪǰĴ۾֮г˼ᶨ
ɪټ֣ȡһذ׽ǱľͷҪӲֵĺѵг룬һݸ˰ɳǷųԣ


278 
ɳӹһľͷӲĺˮ˺һᣬ֮󣬲һͬһһСһСĿš
ɳ˵͢ʦʥ濪һħѧԺֻҪʮϵˣͿǰħѧԺѧϰħ㹻ǿˣѧѣÿ»ҵһҵĲھѾʲԣȥԡ
ɪ˫֣˫ϣʮָͷ֮⣬ĵط鲼ƣ˫ҲǱ޺ۺ͵ˡ
Ϊһ켣ײĽָС͵ɪһãһƶ֮ʮ
Ī˹۹С͵һץŹʮã͵ϣֱЩ巢֣Ҳпܵġ
ɪۿһָ͵һǮǹץֱ֮ӻʬ嶪˳ˮ棬û˸ҹܡ
ɪҲΪ͵Զ˵ץסܵ˲пĥŻˡ
ɳ̧ͷһݵĿɪģһܹΪħʦģ
ɪŴĹâһȥֻһܹħѧԺ棬ǵ˾ܹøı䡣
ɳһĨ־壬ǣ磬治ǺΣ𣿽ȣ֮ǰͱץˡ
ƶ֮УƯСŮҲʮΣգһ˷֣ЩڰͻץЩСŮץߣΪˣһᱻٵ
ɪСģǲ֪һñȽƯáһ޴ѡ
һ·ߡɪһ׿Խȫסĺɫ۶˰ɳ
ɳһԳĺɫ۴ϣʱǺɫȫڸס壬۵°벿ֱϵ˵֮ϡ
ɪţͷȥ߿һᣬ֣Ȼ̤˷š
ɳŴӷ֮߳ͬһֻСβһɪ
ɪŰɳСƶߵĴС洩ţŸ˵ߡ
һһĽֵ֮ɪŰɳѾС˾뿪ƶֻһֵĵط
ɪҪȥʲôط
Ȼ֮䣬һһһЩݣݿµӴһ߳סɪõȥ·ɪã¶һ˿Ц
ɪĿ΢΢һһĨ־壬һһذ֮ϡ
еķƶиŽжǳԷ˿Ϊҵĺڰɫ˿еһԱƶߵŮץߣ˸壬ֱ˼Ժ档
ƶ˶ʮʹ޶ǣȴǺް취ֻҪǺɫ˿˲뿪ƶߣɧʥƽ͹壬۹Ͳɨǡ
ɪһһķҪȥÿ
ƶ棬ѧǿӲԲܹ˿һ㵨ӡͻ˹˺Ƭ
ķһЦһһذͬӵһвϵķתȻֱӷУСȻǰ浶ӡ޴ѵ֪ñҺõˣˣ
ķЩ̬ͷ촽¶һ˿˷ܵЦݵߵľðɳɣĺѽȣҵĿѾʲôˡ
ɳС΢΢һҧסԼ촽û뵽ȻԼһֱΪѵĽȳ
ɪƤ΢΢һķҪǰʦħѧԺѧϰħʦѾκ˲ǰħѧԺʲԣʦΪ𣿡
ķɫ΢΢һ䣬һᣬһĨɱϧ˵ˣֻץú棬Ȼڣֻܹͳͳɱˡ򣬵ѧħ֮ٻңֻ·һֻҪɱˮһӣ˭֪ҪǰħѧԺѧϰ
񣬻ǺôĵӣȻΥ˵
һޱȵһһźɫħʦ۵һһȫؼ׵ʿ֮˹
ħʦʿ󣬸һĿ࣬Ϲһֻ۾źɫ֣һӡǸʮǿ׳Ŀӡ
ķһӣɫȻ䣬ʧеϴ󣡣
Ϲһֻ۾ĶӾƬƶĵɫ˿Ƶϴƶ֮κ˶Ϊ֮
ɫ䣬Щܻ쵰µӡ
ķһǱذʧ
ħʦĮޱȵ£ô˵ģѵ˵߷𣿡
һģͷˣСĲҡһȥһúýķһȥһݺݵĽѵһ٣˶֪Υĺ
ɪŶǸĵģֱԼ۾˵ĿǰǺаԵһģھȻħʦǰ˳һС֮вŵһʶħʦֵķ
ѵһ٣Щ¼ĶΥ˴˵ֻħʦһЦĬġǵķһָ
һŻȻ֣һһº˵ķ֮ϡ

ķһ·ޱȵĲҽ֮һ±һڻֵ֮ĻˣʹţȻһ߽ڵʬ壬˵ϡ
Ǻɫ˿İڼһĻ֮⣬׷ħʦŭĿӡ
ħʦưޱȣɨǺɫ˿֮еİһۣǲ
ħʦǰʿ˲䱬һɴʿĿֲǺɫ˿Ƶİͳͳס
һʿǿߣһˣȫԽɫ˿İͳͳɱ⡣
Ǻͷɱúãɱúã
Ǻɫ˿İҲʹͷħʦӡ
ħʦĮٳǰħѧԺʱص飬Ǻɫ˿ҲûдڵıҪˡһŭЩ¼Ķɳˮʬ塣𣿡
æͷǣǣˡԲ˸Υʦ˭Υҵһ
ɫ˿ĺڰƶ濴ȥһ죬һĴУһĴڡһֻҪɳʿǿߣܹɫ˿ĺڰȫĨȥֻûԸôˡ
ɫ˿ÿ궼һЩϹЩıӻɫ˿ҲʮһЩҪǣǵĺ̨ԲΪĴ￹⡣


279 ĵ
ɪħʦǰϹϾĵлˣҽɪҵðɳʮָлȡ
ɳҲ΢΢ħʦһ񣬱ϹϾллˣ
ħʦɨɪһۣ֮һ˿߸ϺԼĲмлҡִֻ˵ˡ
߰ɣ
ħʦһ䣬ʿǿ߻ƶ֮ȥɲˮѬƶһӡ
ɪҲоħʦ֮ŵĲмһ¾ħʦִֻʦǶκκøкͺ⡣
ɪʮִøħʦѸٵ뿪ƶߡ
Ǻɫ˿ƵҲɪ鷳Ŀһ뿪ƽߡ
ɪԼһ뿪ƶߣʥǵȥ
һһĽֵ֮һռٶ๫꣬ɺڽ֮еľ޴ѧԺɪõǰ
һռٶ๫ľ޴ѧԺķѾ˽ħѧԺ
Ǿ޴ħѧԺӵĸţŻഩŹεŮǶγһССȦӡ
ɪŶſһۣѸٵתԼ·ħѧԺıš
ħѧԺıǻͨųһƽƶ꣬е궼ŸıԼ˵ħѧԺǰС
濪ħѧԺŮֻҪǮԸһʽǮֲ̫õĻͻֱѧԺ֮СЩƽƶħʳҲеѧѣÿ²һʽħ
ħѧԺıţƽƶǽӴħһϣ֮š
ħѧԺıÿһδ򿪣ƽƶӿУûãЩƽƶǱ߳󲿷ֵ϶ʧ֮ɫÿһγֻһһ˷ܣ޲˶֪Ǻϸˡʱе֮󣬶һ
ӴȺѸٵļţͬҲڲϵţɪõҲꡣ
Сʱֵ֮ɪãҲֱӽħѧԺıţҽһޱȣħƵķ֮ڡ
Ƿ֮ڣһò̰ħʦһָ˲û谵޹⡣
Ƿû谵޹⣬ЩһЩֻţ
ɪҲֱӵ˰ɳǰԼذףһ衣
ħʦϵĺȵְ˵ȥ
ħʦĻ궼ǿԸı˵ĻᣬǾԲܹŹᡣ
ħʦĬģһָһâǰһħˮ
Ƿ֮ڣһħһһħ˷֮ϡ
Щһһ̶ȲͬĹâ󲿷ֵϵĹâʮֻ谵ɪͰɳϵĹâȴͬһСһ̫һ㣬ɢĹâͳͳѹס
ţţ̫ˣҾȻţħʦһСһ̫һҫ۵Ĺâ˷ܣ֮ж˲
㱨ˣ
ħʦһȡһöͨѶħӴľһ¹עöħ֮ڡ
ħ֮д䵭ȴϵʲô£ȡ
ȹԺˣҷţţӦƽƶꡣ
ţ˼͹
ħ֮һʧûãһɫĹâҫʱ޾Ĺ֡
ЩĿһ±ǹԴֻһʥԣϣͬһ˼oһǹâ֮˳
һ߳㿴ɪͰɳɢŵһСһͬħ̫һĹԡ
һĨϲɫ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ǽ񵽱ˡ
ɪͰɳɢŵħâɪӵϵȵʣɳСŮֻӵ߼еϵʣʿһţͬҲħһš
ʿħΪƣֻʿطͬʱʺ;λר޾ڤ뷨ǿϲֹһֻҪϸĴĥͻų貵Ĺâ
ħѧԺԺʲô֣
滻ɪͰɳȥһ·֮ϣЩǰǶһ͵ƿóһ·һߵɪͰɳǰ
ɪ̧ͷֱ棬Щ˷ܺͼĴҽɪҵðɳ
ºһЦɪɳΪҵĵӣԸ𣿡
ɪгʮֻһԼ˵ϣޱȵĵԸ⣬ʮԸ⡣ԺˣΪĵӡ
ħѧԺ֮УһħʦѾԽƶ֮еһУµɹһǳǳȥƨҷһħѧԺԺĴͽɪʮζʲôͬʱаư´һᡣ
һЦɣ
һº͵һɪͰɳϣֱӴӵվ
һĽʵĿһԴɪܹĸоΧǶĽͼʡ
ħʦҲһĨĽ֮ɫ֪ɪӴ˵˽þ޴ĸı䡣
һָһɫĹâɪõϣâҫ˶ʱ֮ⷿʧ
ħʦĿ˷֮еϵĮȫϸûлýѧѧʸ񣬶ȥɡ
Щʲһ㣬һʾ޴ĽǮ֮Ȼʸ濪ħѧԺѧϰħƽƶֻ꣬ŲܹħѧԺѧϰħ֪ʶ
ֹϵϰףĲˣҲġϾҪάһħѧԺתҪĽǮûдӹӵþ޴ĽǮħѧԺ޷תϾħѧԺûĪ˹۹Ĳ֧֡
ֻܹһʧ뿪䷿֮ڡ
һװκķ֮ڣâһɪó˷֮ڡ
ǴһɫʿԵʮָˬı߹ˣ
Щ£ѾȥЩСƢʮָΪһϸ顣
浭ӽҵĵˣȥǺúõѧϰһ¹ء
ЩĽĿɪͰɳһۣ湧ǣˣ
һâԭʧ
ʧıӰһĨ㽣תϵҽбǿԽұ㣬̽Ĺء
ɪʮֻǣ㣡
ɳҲѧǣ㣡


280 ħѧԺĽĻʽ
ħѧԺûʽѧʹЩƽƶ֮ҵʮµϵ꣬Сͨ淢˰µϵꡣ
Ǵһ弶ҵҲң弶ϵȣҴӦ漣֮ǵһѧѣÿ»ʽĴǱһʾ޴ѧѲܹѧʸ
һڵԤΪһǧٶˣɽѧԼһǧˡһѧѣÿ¶һȻǽѧ֮󣬽Ϊ漣֮ǵרħʦ
濪ħѧԺΪΪ漣֮ħʦЩɷѵĹѧһΪ˸ЩӣһҲҪʵħѧԺѭ
ħ֮УҪĴϣû㹻ĽǮ޷ѧϰħħʦ֮Ͷߵ۹͢Ϊ˻㹻ĽǮħѧϰħо
¶һ˵˷ʦڷλԽ٣˷ʦΪ֪ʶձЩͶħʦҪࡣ
ʱת˲ţ¾ȥ
ӰʥǴһ֮󣬱ֱӻصϷž档Ͼһ˧޷뿪Ӫ
ɻֺħѧԺʥĿ֮УȫɡħѧԺĽɣħҩ֮ħҩＯʽҲһգȫףֻʣ²һҡ
ħѧԺɽĻʽһ죬ʥ棬˷˹μⳡĻʽҪϹϵ
ħѧԺĪ˹۹һרħʦħѧԺнֻ࣬ҪǮӵйݣʶôѧھһʽǮ֮󣬶ԽħѧԺѧϰѧԺ塢Ƕ֮͡
Ҫ֪ڹȥǴӵܣûħ츳ЩħʦҲһѧΪԼĵӣὫħ֪ʶڸǡ
Щ̵ŮӴħûСħѧԺĽɣƶҲӵнѧϰĻᣬȻ̵׷
塢̴Ī˹۹˷ǿϹϵǵŮΪڶħѧԺѧѧϰħ֪ʶ
洩һɫħۣŰ˹Լħʦ
ħѧԺʦֱѡԼĲ£͢ʦ13ħӵħʦΡ
ˣ˲𣬾ȻĽһħѧԺ
˹󣬿ǴĪ˹۹˷ĴһĨ֮ɫ
ħʦıӰҲһĨ֮ɫ
Ī˹۹ĵһħѧԺħѧԺĵһԺЩĲ£ҲһͬʷᣬΪܵ˾Ķ
һħѧԺĽҪӴʦҪĽǮܹʥĵطһˣħѧԺֱ졣
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Ӷ˷֮ɫѪҺ·Ҫ޾֮ɫһһûһǻʹ
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ӶʮִǻĹؼҪӮ֧֡һ꣬ǻΪʱữΪӰпΪ
һĨâ΢΢һЦ½ǻΪʣϣܹĪ˹۹ʼұ棬ѡҪı
ӶϵãҴӦ㣡
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ϳŽžӪ֮ڣǽŸų󲽵ߵ˵ָ档
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ĹһУϾ˹֮͢⣬û˸ʥ¡񼶵ǿʥҲᱻѹ
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˫ĿԲɣԼ۾ǿĳΪʲô
һĨ֮ɫһ̾һ½ӵµˣ¼ݱˣƣԲˣ
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ָ֮һɵѪζͬʱָĵΧվ˿ЩŽһָ֮ڣоЩ
ЩǵĿⶼָڣھų֮ϵĿϡ
ˡҪһҵϢΰĻʵ۱¸ոʥ̣Ѿݱˡ
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ҵԸЧӵ£Ըӵһͬм鵳

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Ŀһô˵ѵǺʹɱµһ𣿡
ΧָĵĿǷ׷׳˳Щûб̬ľΧסֻҪһ仰˵Щپͻᱻҵ
һֱָȵ壬棡
һ֣ʮսǿޱȵ˲ǰȥһҵֱնɱ
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ָĵλãһԼʮ꣬ް߰ףȴȻɢһɱ뺷ϢĿߡߣǵһŵľų鿨


285 ң
鿨·⵽˴ɱѾݱҷʺɯȵµڱ빬ءǿԸͬȥ
ԸΪЧ
·еľ΢΢һ㶣಼鿨ĸնӦ
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ǼĹҲڵڶŵľӪ֮սʿǾӪӿмᡣϲҲѸٵָ档
һɱ֮Ȼָ汬ûжãһٴָ֮߳
ǵڶҲֱʥǵĻʹ֮ӿȥ
ĽŴӪ֮ڣʱѾһƬɱյͬΪ˸Ե˾ԼĲ½ɱӪѪɺӣɱ֮ϡ
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һߣȫװӵħʦ밣ͳ˧ʿĲӹżӶŻʹķȥ
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ʱӶһͨͨ·һͨ˵Ļǰ̤һһԨsʦͨϱʥĿֲ˲䱬һȻǾһ֮ϡ

һ֮𣬼Ӷߵһһ±߰˲ֹסŲ̳һĴ̿ȴ˳
һźڲֻһ˫۾¶Ĵ̿ͣһ³˵ǰ
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һУ̿һΣֱһԵһ֮еȥ
Ĵʥħʦŵػ֮£̿͵ʵԶͨ彣ʥҲ޷ֵ

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䣡
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Ĭģǻһָһ쫷ȻǻһЩ̿ڵֱϯȥ


286 ң
ƣǻ淭ڹ˲佫Щ̿ڵķͳͳɣȼڻ档
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ӶԽڶӢǷȵӼӶ¼ݱһɹ˲ɱµ顣¶ͳ죬ڱѾݱҲĪ˹۹Ψһ̳ˣͶҵĻҵǻ֮󣬶Ȼٻ֮
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ƽԭ˷֮أȻѾ˹ϷһաĪ˹ռƽԭһطҲǵĸڡûƽԭرַ
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һӶƽԭַȥĪ˹嶼̳ᷴлʵ֮λ
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˹ѸٵĬģȻ³һħףŵ¶Լٽսʿһָ
ޱȵĻԪ˲ۣһʮɵĻȻ͡
¶һһʮɵĻ֮ɫ䣬һ԰׵ļеͶ£һͶ£


287 ңģ
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ǻ֮֮еĽսʿͳͳճһˣޱȵĲҽ֮
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һѸٵĴǱֵ򣬾ֱŻʹķȥ
΢΢𶯣֮һеĺ󷽣һŵǧѾ߳˹ԽԽ
Ӷüͷ΢΢һ壬濴ȥֻһĮȻǰ˿ûԼ¶Ϻ˼
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Ŭڿħʦ֮ɫ䣬һΣһײһԵķ֮ڣԶȥ
ļħǰκδ潣ʥУûзħƷֻ·һոһﵱǧĴŬҲ⡣
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˹ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѹٵ㱨ˣһѾͻ˴Ŭķߣƶ
һڳɫ΢΢һ䣬ӶҲӿһĨ԰֮ɫ
һʥڳ֮ʵǿһţӵпӹ͢ʦħʦŵħһսʿ
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ĴҲĪ˹۹ƾţһžܹ׻طŵǿڡ
һһ׷ϣڳ˾ԻǵһȫѹʥҲԵֵһǿĴڡ
Ŭܹ֮ǽֵ֮һﵱǧסǧն߰Ϊһխĵǧ޷ӳƣֻܹ档
һĵطǧ˷ΧɱŬնɱİٶͻΪľдΧɱӦһĵˣӦ˷ĵˣĵ;ȫͬն


288 ң壩
üͷҲ뷨õĽ˷Ӧ֮ǰɱʤ档
ֻҪƿʤĴһɱҲ˿塣
üͷ΢΢һҷûִ̫ˣҪҵôһûᣬҲס
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮȻǰħѧԺĽĻʽûеõһ鱨ڴ֮ǰҲû˿ɱĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ˼
ֻĪ˹ǧ˰ʮͼȡķѪͽǮһֽħѧԺķûɵĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮڻʹ棬ް취Ī˹ǧ˰ʮŸɱĻᡣ
˲ִٵĴɱȻɵĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ飬Ҳͬƿ֮С
ͷ΢΢һһĨ⣺ֻܹżӶɱȥǰӶأˣ
һڴӰҵľӣûлʵ۱µѾжȻǻĪ˹ǧ˰ʮݱ鱨Ѿѡ񡣵һѡľԲǼӶһвӣֻ·һ
ӶΪҲӵһǿ˾ֻ·һ
ЩĵƳ˼Ӷһۣг˲֮ɫôõһᣬƻˣһĶ֣һĶѡǿӰ
뷨һ·װֱʤ·ˣɱˣɱֻҪܹɱʤ֮ڣʤ
ǼӶȴһУҪɱĴ̿ͳͳɱ˲ʱ䡣ֱ¶ʩӣ˷ʱ䡣ձǵһŴӺ׷
ӶȫĻʱѾɱʤ֮£˵Ѿɱʤ֮ˡ
һҪ磬Բ˷Ӧʱ䡣һʤ᲻ѾļӶʹȥֻܹӳʥˡ
ʱϷҲ֮ŵսʿҲһ³˵Ұ֮ڡ
濴ǵŵսʿһĨʺϧһ̾ȥֻܹˣ
Ӷȴһ¶ЦݣЦЦ֮У͸¶޾ĿϲţˣŵĸųҵˡѾȫ˵šǵˣ
¶һ˿֮ɫӶȻܹ£ţԤϡ
Ӷ뿨֮Ĺϵصúֻȼ˲֪˵Ĺϵȶ֪֮Ĺϵ͸Ӳ֪Ӷ֮Ĺϵ
õڴ˴Բһųֵ
Ӷ΢΢ͷȡһöͨѶħǿѹеļ壬ңǼӶ
ͨѶħ֮У˿ޱȵʲô˵
ӶһĨ⣬ҧгݵҪǰʹŸڹٽֵסԲκ˿ٽֵ
۶֮ڣӶƴȫǿס˵ţѾȫˡ۶֮ڣȻвٹͶ˼Ӷڶʱ֮ڣЩܸ֧Ԯ
ͨѶħһߣ˿նǣ£һεκ˹ȥ
ð˹󿨶ħʦ¡
ʤһܵףӵǿĹʤ棬ԪȫƿءħʦҪʤʩչģķֻлûʵ۵ɲܹ쵽
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮѾĪ˹۹ûлʵ۵״̬ħʦ޷ʤʩչ޴ķ
Ӷʮֹϵ壬һֻħʦ㡣һҪס
ɴǣ£
ãӴޱȵĵһתǹٽֵķȥ
˹󿨶ֻ͢ħӵħʦѸٵŵȥ
ܲǰ
Ӷкâֳֳʤķһָȵ
ʱһѾ޿ˣӶƵ˾֮ҲһƽĶŲͬĺ֮
һ¿ʼСǰʤķƶ
ֵ֮һըɱ֮Ӻ󷽴ȻѾһŷɱһ
˺ɱѹ˵Ужıһɾ޴ѹ֡
һŵķ߱ͻƣڳ˻ûжʤôǵ³ʮҡ
ѸٵĴֵ֮ʤֺ޴ĳų˵ǰ
޴սʿѺźѹѹһȺ˹ˣҵ飬Ѿˣ
ɨǺѹѹȺһۣ΢΢ͷһ䣺úܺã
Ҫˡ
ĿһɨʤһۣĿ˼Ӷϡ
ʤ֮дһɿֲѹϡʤӵǿ䣬ʤ֮ڣвҲᱻѹ
ʤͬһͷ˯ŵĿֲһ㣬ݷڵϣʱ׼𣬽еĵ˺ɷ顣
ӶԽڶߵȺ֮УʤȵĪ˹ļӶ죬ҸĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ˴ɱһɴ̿͵ıڹڡӣ
Ӵʤ·һ˹һɫĹâʤ֮˼Ӷ֮ϡ
ǽɫĹâһӴӶ壬ʧ
ʤһ³ȥ·һͨĳУǿϵѹʧ
Ī˹Ȩ໥ɱʮƽֻҪӵĪ˹Ѫվʤ֮ǰʤ񶼿ѹͲᷢ
һĿ࣬һͷɫ̷ľǰ·ȵӶ£ҷʺ֮شţ°ɣ
ʤҫϷһ³ǧȫװĻʼҽսʿ
Ӷɫһ±ʮѿ
ں޹װ֮£ҪǧȫװĻʼҽսʿصҫţʮѡ
ҫſʮ׸ߣڳ֮УҲֻǽʥǿ߿һԾǳ֮ϡ
ʥһϳǽǧȫװĻʼҽսʿҲδǶ֡
׹⽣ʥ˹ؽʥǡŭνʥ¬ҫŵĳǽжһĨ֮ɫս׼
ͳ죬㿴˭
ʱǰһץһһͷɫòŮԣһ˹˵ǰ
ɫòŮԴĿ޺ţİװģңȾңҲ
ǳǽ֮ϣʼҽͳ˫һĨ죬ҰһŭȻץҵӣ


289 ң
һЦ˫ģҲץӣĸĸֵܡֵܵŮͳͳץˣ
һ԰׷ԲԵͷ̫ԼʮŮͳͳЩսʿ˹˱ǵǰ
ͳһ·ʹޱȵĺ֮ףĸףܵܣ
ͳ죬Чҵ۹۹Ļʵ۱£Ī˹ǧ˰ʮڱ±˴ɱ㲻Ϊ±𣬾ȻӶ빬֮ﵱ壡㲻ţҵȻеļ˾͵شǱ޼壬Ҳڽֱ֮ӱ壡Ҹһ㿼ǵʱ䣬Լǰɡ
޻ո£˫ģһ긾ԼС㱻ֱ˳˱ǵļߡ
һվڱߵĿɫ䣬֮дһ˿֣άȣЩģȻץάȣ
ͳ죬ͳ첻ԸͶףնɱȻͿԼ̳ͳһλ޶ͬǱʮͳͳҪԼһ°ɡ
һЦ˫ģʮŮٱѺͬһѶЩʼҽĽǰǵ֣ЩʼҽĽǶ¶˾ʹ֮ɫ
ųǽ֮ϵı¶һЦݣпޱȵͳ죬㿼ǵôˣҪһ𰸣ǣ߲ĬҾļˣȵڤ㡣
ɫ԰ףԼоһ׺ݣɱĿĶıһѡ񲻿ǣյͬźԲ⽫ֱն飬Ȼ򿪳ţóɱǡ
ԸΪӶЧַͬɱµѵţ
ǿԼǳĿ⣬һ뵽Ī˹֮ȨȻᶯֶΣһĻ䣬
ҫŵĴڻ򿪡
Ӷǻ򿪵ҫţг˼һԵĶ޿һۣ¶һ˿͵Цݵⲿ²
΢΢һЦл¿佱
վڼӶߵĸҮȴЩĿһۡ
ҲЩηĿһۣг˼ɵ
Ӷ緢ҫһָȵǣ
һӶǰ㵥ϥ£ʹͷﳼ鵳ɱΣˡ
ӶºһЦͳ죬ֻǾְأ鵳ɱΰˡˡ
ӵǧʳǽʤ棬Ǿصһ
üͷ΢΢һ£ʱ䡣
ڸǼӶϷ£ĵʱÿһ֣ÿһ붼ʮ
Ӷüͷһǰָӳʤһָȵһͬ빬ɱʵļ鵳
ϣʼҽսʿפҫֻ֮ӴľӷŻʹͦ
һ·֮ϣɱ֮ϣһЩʼҽƲͶһЩʼҽսˡ
ֻǵĻʼҽǽǧ˵ľǰһǵķ׾ͱɷ顣
͢ʦЧҵֻлʵ۱һˣĪ˹ǧ˰ʮݱϢ֮ǾͶڰ棬ûκζλǼ˭ʤֻҪû⣬Щ͢ʦһλ֮Ǹ߸ϵħʦҲᱻֱӸɵ塣
򻨹ʤĺ󹬣ռΪҽǧʺĴ;ס򻨹棬ͳ˧򻨹
Ī˹۹ĿĪ˹һսͬʱҲҵŮͳͳռ򻨹棬ҹ֡Ī˹һ𣬳һЩŮɫĻʵ֮⣬򻨹϶ޱȣŮ
Ӷ£򻨹˻ʵ۱֮⣬ûлñµּ⣬򻨹ͻᱻΪ棡㣬ذɣ
򻨹֮ǰʱѾǧʼҽսʿһһͷɫ̷Ŀ࣬òЩªֳֳżӶȵ
Ӷâһɣһ򻨹вıҸʵѵÿǸ浳һġ
ȵӶ£׼Ī˹Ĺʵ۱ҲΪ򻨹Ļͳ졣ûлûʵ۱µ֮ǰκҪ򻨹̤ҵʬ壡
Ӷâһֳָӳһָȵȥɱ
ɱѵ
ҮһŭǳʿĶһȣֱһгɱȥ
ϡҲͳ˧Żʼҽյͬ۷ɱһ
ѪȾ򻨹ǰأÿʱÿ̶սʿ
һŻӻ֣Ⱥһָ
׹⽣ʥ˹ŭνʥ¬ʥǿһΣֱӳȺ֮УҫѪ·ɽ
ʥ߶ʥĶɱһ㣬̶֮ʮ֮䣬Ѿǰ
˹׹⻷ƣʩչ׹⽣һ⣬ͬһȥ
ɫȻ䣬߶ǳʿĶһᣬֱӵԼǰ

һ֮ĳӦϣһޱȵĽһֱӴм䱻ն룬Ѫȥ
ȵͳǻͶΪѵȫ屻𣡡
ЩʼҽɱԭͲߵʿȫ׷׶˵ϡ
Ӷɨ׹⽣ʥ˹֮΢΢һЦһ䣺ý÷Ľ
׹⽣ʥ˹֮ȫʹѪֶɣޱȣһ㽫֮նϡ
ˣ㿨˹ǽʥǿߣҾ֮УҲһɱӵǳʿΪ
Ӷ緢Ĵ˼ǰֱӽ򻨹档
ڼӶߣҲ򻨹档
ݳޣ
һ򻨹۾΢΢һһĨâĬĬ
򻨹룬ֲһž䱦ƽһƽߴＸʮף֦ҶïÿһƬҶɢŻƽɫĹâϢ˷ǻƽҶ֮ϣޱȡ
ƽǾһ䱦ÿһƽĵΪѣҪһʱ䣬һƽܹһöƽӣһƽ
ǻƽҶӵħҩԭ֮һһƽҶӵ䡢ƵϼΪϡ١
򻨹һ䱦ƽҶȫժ£ȫǧĽҡ
˻ƽ֮⣬򻨹֮Уֲֲ֮Ѫ˵۹ֲԼڶδ½ʿѧԺĴܹȵȸޱȣܵĳֲ
򻨹ħʮŨһ˿䰲ʿѧԺʥأʿط°빦


290 ɯ
򻨹֮УһʮֺŵĻ㣬Ļ䣬ʤա
Ӷʲô
ڼʮòĹŮ֮£һһͷɫķԸУ»Ը桢ഺֽȻ෴·ʱ޿̲ڱ仯ʸ߹޵ľɫŮ˹
濴ɫŮ֮Ҳаһ䡣ɫŮŮζŮ֮һ
ӶɢŲͬľɫһḬ֮̃ɫ΢΢һЦɯȻʺһ򻨹Ӵɱʣı档ڵĻʺİȫŴǰʺ¡
ȥֻжʮ꣬ŲͬʵľɫŮĪ˹۹ʺ֮һɯȡ
ɯȵӦʮңüãͬʱǹ͢ħҩ֮£ȻʮŮӡ
Ī˹ǧ˰ʮŻ޶ȵӣҴӲȻй͢ħҩ֧֣Ȼż졣ħҩϾܵĴڡ
Ӷȵˣúñʺ£Ҫκʧ
ǣ£
ҮǵѸӦһսʿһΧסɯȣȻʼɯߵŮ
ɯһĿһսʿŮϵһߣȻΧס
Ӷץɯ֮һ򻨹ͦ
ʿѸٵķɢ򻨹һ棬һò绨Ůץ˳
ЩòŮһЩʿƲסԼֱȥ
򻨹һ´Ů˿Ͱ֮
ɯȼһĻ΢΢һ̾Ҳ֪򻨹֮󣬾Ӷޣ˵ĻܵЩʿ衣
ӶδţֱӴ򻨹ͦ
Ӷң
һϲĽһĸη飬֫ϸÿһ·ӭҡڣһͷɫ·һ͸˵ˮҰ
ӶˣҲһĨϲɫһ첽ӭȥĸף
ɫ·һ͸˵ˮҰŮӾϹȣҲǼӶĸħҩ֮£ȥȼӶ꣬Ľһ
ڿŮһĸһͷʽĽɫ˫弸¶ü֮䶼һϢŮӲĸǡһʮгپޱȣɢһӢϢŮǾŻڶĸȡһĽСȥֻʮ꣬ͯվ飬һһоŮտ׵ĸװޡ
ǸڿŮżӶж¶һɸӵĸ飬ʮһλλսȻӶѾɱζżӶѾʤһ롣
ȺͼӶһᣬһۣ¶ЦݣܲúΪӶЧǰ˹岻ģ
ɯȡǡȡŮĿһ¼ϡ
ӶʥҪǿվǼӶĻӣȫΪںӶ
΢΢һЦΪЧӦģ
ٽֵɱ֮ը֮ڶ
ֳֳѪȺ֮УնɱӿĽսʿǺڵĴŴ
һŵĽ˿߿ŵˣزסˣɣӰɣ
ԭʵϾͱһŲϲ٣õֻħ֧Ԯǿѹס˵һš
ʱڶھų¡Ĵ֮£ӲŵŷϮ
һҲƴ˽ŵƴ֮£ڿʼųҲòǰɱУͼסսߡ
ȵУҶסҲҪطûκ·һʧܣȫᱻҵﻹʲôţ㣬ȥָӾӡˣȥ
ǣˣ
ŵĽһҧһΣǰȥ
ӵʿΪĵŽһǰߣնɱ֮һͬһնŵĽϣһ㽫ǵŵĽնء
ɱ۵ĵһڶŵսʿͬˮһӿ
ã˹ħʦſͬˮһӿսʿɫ΢΢һ䣬
һâ˰˹ħʦϣֱʧ

󿨶ҲƲԼʩչħѸٵʧ
ħʦǿʵǿ𾴵ĴڡһʧܣЩħʦҲʥǣطΪϱûħʦԸΪӶսˡ
ǵһڶŵħʦҲû֯ԼͬѡƴʩչҲпܽԷ¡ǶԷķˣҲԼ֮ǡ

廷ΧһۣΧֻʣһٶױһ̾´˳˵
һٶױſԶȥ
һڶŵĽսʿһ³˹ٽֵϱһʤķͦ
Ľսʿ֮У鿨˿ûκϲ֮ɫԶȥ֮г֮ɫ
¡벼鿨һԶԶʤߴĻʳǣŸ֮ɫ
鿨¡û뵽㾹Ȼǻʺµˡ
¡ع鿨Ҳû뵽ǻʺµˣ
鿨Ŀ⸴ӻһֻ̾ΪӰҵ²ʺϳΪ۹ˡ
ӰӢ䣬ӵмǿľ²ŸɣҲĪ˹۹ֵ֧Ķ
¡Ȼһ̾һĨ֮ɫҲϣӰҵ¿ԳΪ۹ˡϧˣ
ǵһڶʤ֮ǰʤҫ֮ǰŽ˿ûսĺۼͬʱǽ֮ϣʮ߾ͶʯһٶܹˡشħҲѾλ
ҫŵϷվǧʼҽսʿЩսʿĸŵһڶŵսʿ
һڶŵսʿװ󣬸ûЯߡħʦħʤȫЧȼǳʿͽʥǿ֮⣬Ǹûκֶδҫš
ʱ˵Ĺ֮УӶߵҫ֮ϣ·ĵһڶսʿһĨ⣬Ϻ鿨¡گǰʤ췴𣡡


291 
鿨ųǽ֮ϵļӶӶ£Ƿʺµǰʹ췴֮⣡ǽȥһʺ¡
ӶȵסڣЩ棬ȻΧ۹ѾȻȫǴɱʵ۱µļ鵳춪±ͶȺ䣡
¡кâһţĵһơ
һڶ֮е֣ӵвʿΪĽȡһŹ߶żӶһȥ
һźɫâļʸͬһżӶֱȥࡣ
һ̺׹ĳһµֻʸ֮ϣֱӽֻʸ÷顣
Ⱥ浳ͳͳ
Ӷɫ䣬һĨɭޱȵɱһȡһԼֱʮң·ĵӡ
һöӡĪ˹ƿʤıֻĪ˹Ѫܹʹã޷ʤ
һöӡһ֣һޱȵĹâӡ֮ɢʤ档
ʤһųޱȵĺ⣬·һͷ޻һ㣬һɳԽ˵ĿֲѹһʤԲʮ֮ڣ˶ѹ֮£оЩ
ǿʿĿֲѹʤ̺Ȼ»ʿϣ漰򡣡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫɿֲѹ֮£ƬԪѾȫʤƿ֮С
Ԫ£ܹʹõķҲֻʣѪ츳ķ޷ʩչ
νķʩͨģͣԼľΪͨԪеԪأγһֽγɵֳ
ԪԪϡʩ˵һجΡԪǿķ޷ʩչԪϡʩչķͻήࡣ
νĽħ򣬾Ԫǿʩ߸޷Ԫ޷ʩչַǽħ֮УһħʦҲһ߼սʿǿ
ǿֲѹ֮Уʤ֮ӿǰۣ֮γһ峤ߴʮףҫŽ⣬òĪ˹һһģһǿڡ
鿨һĪ˹һһģһĴڣг𺧣һ¹˵ϣ£Ϣŭǽˣǽˣ
ӶһĨĹâ¶һ˿̵ЦݣˣѾǻˡȻǲԸңǾͳͳȥˣ
ʤϷĪ˹һ߸ͬһ㸩·սʿӶеĹ⽣
һɲ֮䣬޾Ĺ⽣֮Ī˹һĳ֮ͬһŵսʿȥ
ѪĽһޱȵĲҽ֮УһŵսʿᴩȻһ߾߸ʬеԼ궼ǹ⽣ա
¡ŭХһһ±һǳʿĶӶһ⽣ֱն顣
ǳʿǿҲ׷״߶ֵǹ⽣ĺ
ǳʿµĽսʿ׷ǹ⽣֮лɻңһжǹɡ
ʮ룬ŵսʿĪ˹һͷŵĹ⽣֮лҷͳͳɡ
ɱ֮Ī˹һĿ䣬¡һۡ
¡ʱһһɿֲ˲֮бһ½ը顣
΢΢һݣ֮ͬһĪ˹һĬĬÿµĴڣ
ҫ֮ϵĻʼҽսʿһĻǿ־ҡ־սʿӶɱҵԼվʤߵһߣӹ˴ϴĽѡ
Ī˹һÿϸŵǳʿǿһۣǳʿǿ߾ֱը顣
ӣžҲûһˡħʦǱͨսʿӴһͱǹ⽣֮ɱˡ
ߵ³
ӶЦ߶еӡ֮Ī˹һӰһ±ʧʤ档
Ӷ·𲻾ɨһֻۣ΢΢һ񣬳˹
ǻʼҽսʿżӶ־ηǶ֪ǰӣǻΪĪ˹۹Ļʵۣûֹܹ
濴ҫǰļ߸ʬлһ̾Ҳֻ磬һܹʮ겻䡣ֲֿôƷ
Ī˹۹ϵ¶ɢһɸࡢ䡢ҵζȻʮ꣬ȫںĵ۹ѾƷˡ
űӶһܿʹʥǸĶУʥףѾȫڼӶƿ֮С
ǵĽЧҼӶھڲϴӰҵˡ
ǵĴҲ׷ЧҼӶ
۹ҲЧҼӶҿʼֵĴɱĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ浳
ЩνɱĪ˹ǧ˰ʮ浳Ȼִ֧Ӱҵˣ໹ǳ͢س
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һޱȵĹâ̫ĹǺһСγһûС


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296 Ԫ˧
һ֮󣬼ӶֱΪΪ۹󽫾Ԫ˧һˡˣԼطƾˣһϼʮΪֱӡ
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297 ϴ
һӪ֮ڣŵĽҲӪ֮ڣϹЦݣ޼ɵĶ档
񱪾ŵľųſɲҲ˽žãƳһۣһĨ֮ɫʵǱǸԪ˧ٲ˹ǣǼ̫ˣͶ˼һ㣬ǱǸ
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Һ㡣ͶɣֻҪͶңҲһĺɷһЦ
浭һЦңлʮ仰ͶҲδ̫С˰ɣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬˫ģܺãʶһϷžʵ͵ơ
һźɫħ۵ħʿȡһźɫĲĬģźɫĲһָһâûǺɫĲ֮ڡ
һɫĹâǺɫĲ֮Ŷһͷߴʮףƽ·һ򳡣Ű׳ȣһɫۼףͷһɫۼ֮ڣͬʱһһľ޳ǰ
¡һĻɫȻ䣬ʧǺħйǾޣǵ۹ǿĹǱ֮һǾȻľޣ
ڳǽ֮ϣЩ˹ڵĸ߲Ҳɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ħйǾս֮˹ļֹӽһֹǾޡ
ħйǾ޿߽һԵķҷԡԶһһǿΨһƶӦٻΪǱȴʮֺϸ
Ҳֻв˹ĴǿԵֵħйǾ޵ĳײһЩСĳгǽǺħйǾһײֱӿˡ
ǲ˹ľ޳ǣҵĲȻվǺħйǾ޵ϾӸɱ˹֮ϵսʿ
ħйǾϷžıʮϡ٣ÿһͷĹǾҪǧңÿ־޳ԵʳԼչķҲߴһϣϷžֻͷ
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һһߵܾ˱ҷųһ˾ܾ˳ս֮ϡ
˹ǳǽ֮ϸ߲ǿǰ˾ܾɫʮѿ
ûħʦţôħʦŵ˹ҲлḶʹ֮ɵǰ˾ܾˡǰµħʦҲͳ˧ħʦҪǿ֮£˹ͷħйǾܾ˸ް취
˫֮һĨ׹⣬ȵ¡ûһ˿ʤĻᡣǲһȫ򲼼˹ǣ֮գȫǾǵļ˺ѣͳͳﱻΪūԶ١
һǳǽ֮ϵв˹Ǹ߲ɫ䡣һĿϳ֮ɫ
ҵʵǿ˵жѾķ˸ı䡣˼Ӷ֧֮⣬ûԸڱս֮ΪӶ
˫ģ΢Ц̾ҵ£̫ǫˡЩ죬ܹƲ˹ǡ
ǲ˹֮ϵĸ߲һĿɿڴĿ棬ԼĶ䡣Ĺؼʱ澹Ȼ˵Ļֱڴؾʿ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ȴһɲԤС侲ƽʮֲ


300 ˮ߾
浭һЦϧûôʱˣԶѾ˹ε
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼɫ䣬ָ棬Щ㽫ӻˣ
һЩͨŦ˹ʡĹԱһɫ䣬棬г˲֮ɫ;־֮ɫ
ڹᴩŦ˹ʡĴ󽭶ὭεһӡǺ޽ǰŦ˹ʡʱܵˮš޳֮Ŧ˹ʡ˳ˮʮַ㣬ҿٷչ
һӱ٣Ŧ˹ʡᱻˮûŦ˹ʡһǧڶΪˮʧ
Ҳû뵽澹Ȼôֱӻٵ˺ӡ
浭һЦûгϡ
һߴԶһϯһеĴˮηڹһеĿֲϯ
ˣˣ
һԶһߣɫ䣬
ڲ˹֮⣬Ϸžսʿһʧ룬ԼĽ֮ͬһԶӴܡ
浭ʩչǽǿ
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ǺˮƼΪͿ٣Ѹײڶ֮ƣŷһеܣϯһºǰµʮ֮ڡ
ǰҿļѵʮǺˮһ壬ͷ·ˮһ㣬ֱӱ䡣
ǿֲĺˮݺݵײ˲˹ǵĳǽ֮ϣǲ˹ǵĳǽΪ֮һ𡣲˹ǵĳǽԭͿԵֵ漶ĺǷļӳ֮£񼶵ǿҲδܹһݻֲĳǽ
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һâҫһµħʦǷ׷ʩչ
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һ£ǲ˹ڣɻȣԼʸ׷Űµħʦȥ
ļ֮Уһһµħʦ֮ϵĻֱ䱬Ȼɸӣ֮е䡣

˹Ȳ˹ڵħʦŵĳԱһ·˾ȻֳħǷڰ֮еħʦһָʩչ˴漶
һǿޱȵķƬ棬Ƿ֮еħʦһͬ½һ㣬˴ˮ档
Щħʦһˮ棬ʩչָķͼǴˮ֮жѡ
ЩħʦǸû뵽ˮǰû׼ӦԵķȼʮ֮⣬ǵ˺ˮ֮ڼ£ͳĬȥ
ǿֲĴˮ֮УʮȫߡֻͷħйǾڴˮĳ֮£Ȼһƽ̹ıϣվ˰µĸ߼졣
ǰͷܾǵһʱ䱻ǿֲĴˮֱӳߣ˺ˮ棬ֱӳȥ
ǿֲĴˮ΢ƽһ֮һֻֻ׼õս׷״ǳǽ֮Ϸ
˻ز˹ڵЩһҿԽװս
¡ǡֿĪĴų׷״ԼĲµսŰһɱȥ
Ŧ˹ʡ󽭶ὭᴩĴȻרҵˮҲԴսս

˹ħʦվս֮ϣĬģŰһһָ
һͷͷȻ֣վͷħйǾޱϵİԼĲ·ȥ
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һսҴϷž֮дʮһɨգͬʱĽҲ˲ءһ˻Ϸеһжǰ
Ӷȫƾʱ䣬ȻλʱƣӶĻλԽԽȡҽ޻ᡣ
һӵǳʿΪĴһ߲Щʸһҵ£ӣҪΪǱ𰡣
ҵ£뿪ΪǱ𣡣

һϷžĸ߼˫۳ؽе
ֻҪҲЩϷžĸ߼ǵļŻзһ졣һЩϷžĸ߼ǶᱻΪ棬嶼ײ١
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ҴڵĴŴǺˮ֮ѸٵķšѾӳʮ֮ȻǿɶĺˮЩˮ絶ĲҲͰˣϷž֮дʮǿĲӣҲĸȫڲ˹£һش
ҵ£
һɫĹâ˰ҵǰһۣ¶Ӱ΢Цŵ˰ĵ·֮ϡ
˫΢΢һ䣬һĨޱȵĹâȡ׼Ӷ칦ȤҵҪʲô£Ȼҹһǰ׷ɱң


301 թ
浭һЦҵ£ǰֻú̸̸
һת¶һ˿ЦҺú̸̸ԭˣ㲢ڼӶǸԼ
治ɫҵ£ҽа˳ϵİգԸ⿪ʲôļȥ
۾΢΢һ䣬Ķ棬ɭޱȵɱǰˣһ񣬾ǸλøңԶʮ˵У޲ýιǡ
һˮҲðҶӵļɵͬʱҲԼһ˿˿η塣
;վڰҵǰҾͲòڲ²⣬浽׻Ŷٺ֡
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һ·ԵأӸؽɻӵĲƸԭǴ㽫ЩƸԼľʹáʮһѺˮֱӳߣҲػЩƸ㵱ϵĴ͸档
һӴĲƸУܺùӶС
΢ЦһħʦһħҩʦҶԸصħƷʮָȤϡħʯħֲӡϡеƷħʼǡط
ΪĪ˹۹ĴӣĪ˹۹Ķ֧֣Ϸžͳ˧ӵеı˳˵
ҳĬһᣬһһɫĴӳУһףǺɫĴȥ
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ǺɫĴһȥʮͨʯͷһ鿴ȥʮͨʯͷȴǲ֮λǿʿǿıλ֮ʯ
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еλ֮ʯг֮ɫǿ֮λ濹λ֮һȻλԶԶȲϲ֮λ棬ḻֲû졣
֮λʿһʿǿʿͻ뾡취λֳ̽񡣾ΪԽλóףһϡ
λ治ֵǮĶһ˲֮λͻ۰ٱͬڲ֮λ治ֵǮĶһȥλ棬ͬ۰ٱһһأԴﵽֲһ򱶡
Ȼλ֮óҲͬվ޴в»ʿʿֲĴڶп䡣
һЩǿλĹڣҲһһ仰ͿһͼѪʿļгԱսħ֮ռϣͼѪʿһЩǿλĹ
һͽλ֮ʯ΢΢һЦҺϲҪȥһ㡣ҶԼӶ¿Ĺ
һЦһᣬһֱӶһԲεĵɫʯƽƽȥķ˵֮֮һ
һӹһԲεĵɫʯ˫һųһ˿˿ϲĹâʲôķϡпʯɫǺˡ˺ĵϡ
ɫǺ̽ʱֵһϡʯֿʯʮϡ٣Ժϳɡ
ǿʢ֮ʱĿƼҲҪʱܹϳһԲεɫ̹Ǻˡ
ɫ̹ǺǿĲ˺ĵҪ֮һǶԵҲʮ
һɫ̹Ǻˣͷмţ΢΢һЦóһ·ˣˡ
Ҳûм뿪ǳҵʵȼӶǸǿö࣬ΪʲôѡͶңѡͶǸ֣ӶǸֵһᣬܹӦģҶԴӦ㣬һԸࡣ
΢΢һЦҵ£¸ƣǿꡣҼ£Ҳ֮һˡҪҵİҲսʤӶ¡Ӷ²ֻͬҲܹʤҵͶõȲͶӶ¡
ҳһᣬ¶һ˿εЦݡ
ΪϷžͳ˧¸ƣǿꡣһ۹ڱ֧֣ڽҲֻüӶһˡͶδػܵӡ
һĨâŵҳ֮ǰȷʵЩСˣֻҪͶңҵǶλͻΪϮ档ΪĪ˹۹ĵһ
浭һЦóһ·лº񰮣ɣ
ҳһ̾ʮ־Խ档
Ȼ֮ӶµݳǳʣΪˮŦ˹ʡ𡣡
΢΢һһĨ֮ɫһΣԶȥ
濴ŰԶȥıӰһЦתȥ
˹£ʮˮȫߣ˲أֻһٶħʦѡͶĽȫս
ҸոӻťٳǣʹԼĲһťٳǡ
Ҹոߣһֻޱȵͳťٳ⣬ťٳϴһգȻٴޱȵʧ
ͳ˧ʮȴǰƽɳʹǰء
Ŧ˹ʡϭʹһ̹ʡ̹ʡҲ仯ģϭ
ȴƽ֮ʱ幥۱ͬѪһʥ档رЩŦ˹ʡĴ壬ǷޱȵĹ档
һˮŦ˹ʡ˸룬ͬʱܱߵʡ
Щǵķضȫûʧأʹ޲ѡǸɱǰըֻ̣ܹʥǸڻλ֮ϵļӶ߿ࡣ
ʥ鷿ڡ
ӶһļϸĿţ˵ʹãĿֱ֮ϵһ֮ȴüͷ΢΢һᣬŽǷݸһԵĲ㿴
Ƿ֮ϸһһȻԽԽء
Ӷ¶һ˿ɵЦԪ˧ѾϱǣΪˮŦ˹ʡ¼𣬲ƼҮΪ󽫾ͳ˧ô
ɫ£򲻿ɣԲܹԪ˧ǡӦһֱӽЩѵ𡣡
ӶЩԥۺܶడ嶼¶˲֮⡣һˮǽŦ˹ʡûˣһǧʧ


302 ħо
ɴ߲СڣԪ˧һˮû˰ҵµǾ֤Ԫ˧ñַҵµѡЩǿ취ǡڵ֮һ𰲵ҵ¡
ӶĬһᣬüͷ壬ֽļݸ˲
һֻǼļ汨ֲԼͼɡͬʱʥҲҥԣҥҪƿţڵ۹ϷΪ
նЩҥԣȫš
ӶȻɥҮǵ˧Ļľһ򲻹𣿡
гһ֪̾ӶѾ¶ģЩĻҲӴ⣬Ԫ˧õѡ
ӶĬ˺һᣬӻֵˣ°ɣ
Щε̾Ϣһȥǣ£
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Ԫ˧Ԫ˧һְٻʥǡԪ˧һְļ
Үֱҵ棬˼Ӷҳʾ˼Ӷǩļ
˶ļ֮΢ЦŽԼ˧ӡȡݸ˸ҮǵôͰˣҮǡҵŦ˹ʡתЩ˾Ͱչˡ
ҮǿˬͽȨƽԼ΢һ֮ǰҲЩšʮһĺɱȫգۣѡԲԸĵˡ
Ү΢Цģһúñ͵Լһ
ѸٵĽнֱ֮Ӵʥǵķȥ
ʮֲ޵ϣΪʲôҪȨɵøǻ˰ңھͲһܹܰңҮǾժˡǿɶ֮
Ԫ˧ӵʮָȨҸʡҪԪ˧Ȩ졣
˰֮󣬸Үʲôû͹Ԫ˧λˣöʮֲƽ⡣
ǻ۵ĹâһЦԪ˧λþһ¯ҸûκȤһˣҲѾ̹˺ôԭ˹ʡǵĸ֮ءһΣֻҪŦ˹ʡһǧ˿ͳͳתƵԭ͸˹ʡǾѾ׬ˡ
Ԫ˧ǼӶģĪ˹۹֮ں޸Ԫ˧֮λӶһͿԶߣûнԪ˧λÿԭ͸˹ʡķأĸ֮ء
תһ룬г˾壬Ե̾ԭˣֲЩҿŦ˹ʡô̶ӺūˣǵİǲܹõתŦ˹ʡӢ
ǴˮŦ˹ʡ󲿷˵غ;ֻܹΪһܹԾݣתƵԭ͸˹ʡ档
Ŧ˹ʡʱѾ˴СС̶ӣѾ10öһĸ߼ۡ
ֻҪЩ̶ӽԸ뿪˵ԭ߸˹ʡ棬ôЩ̶ӾͿԻ10öÿĸ߼ۡ
ǽҵĴ̼֮£̶ͬһŦ˹ʡ棬ʼЩԴԴϵźԭԼ˹ʡȥ
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Ӷ鷿ֻлʵ۲ܹħ֮ϣվǰ棬һĨ֮ɫ
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΢΢һЦЩȵбµĺ鸣ܹ˳Ļܰҡ£Ӧÿٽʼұѡ˰ɣ
Ӷüͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼչ¶һ˿Ц⣬˫ĵȻԣ
ռһһǴ۷弶ǿӿռֱ֮߳¡
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һĪ˹۹Ļʼұ⣬ֱ˶ħһöӡĶħо˳֮СǶħоǿǿʿĿֲڣ࣬ҲΪѵãһħо࣬ȫһִһħѪʿ塣
һĨâֽǶħоһץУɫǺˣټ϶ħо࣬ǼȻ޷ҵΪڶʱڣȵҵս
Ƕħо֮ſʯķȥ
֮Ҳ䱦Ƕ˵ǿʯĸϡʯòġ
ǾӵвûһŰֻд漶һܿļսˣʵò
Ƕ԰ķʯԾŵҪ֮һĶ԰ķʯȷ䷶ΧΪǧԾš
ͣһ޴ĺɫʯ֮ǰǾ޴ĺɫʯһĨâ
ԾżյĿƼ֮һԾֻ֮ҪӴԴܹ˿Խ޾룬ִһڵλá
ǺɫĿʯԾŵĺĲϡֶ԰ķʯֻжϵҪøӸ߼תĴԴʲܹת
ܹԾţҲζ治һӣͿԴʥǻصԭ漣֮ǡֻҪԾŷֲ֮ڣͿʱǰԼأ൱ڽԼҲȫ
Ծŵ벢ֻǧֻЩ԰ķʯãҲֻܹ࣬ԽǧԾš
ǺʯǹĺĲϣˣ
ԥĿһڵľ޴ʯ֮ϣ˾ڵľ޴ʯһץ
һâһöǺʯֱӷС
Ծܹ¸ƿǺʯܹȵսսֶαøӶֶջѡԼս
ʿϰͰ࣬ѾԼĿǰٶȣ⣬ҲҪʮпܽΪʿĹ֮УԼսΪҪһˣеıͳͳһա
Ī˹۹ıѡԼҪı֮󣬻ص鷿ڣӶίߵӦһ֮󣬱뿪ʤ
һ뿪ʤֱԼı˱֮󣬱лͣκˡ
ûãʥǳ⣬һͷļ⣬˿УյĿֲٶ漣֮ǵķȥ


303 ħûе
ԭƶҪڲ
һƷڵĺ棬óһɫ磬˷֮ɫˣƼʿƼĽᾧħûе磡
һɫ翴ȥͨͨ͸ͨһģһʲô𡣲鼶ǿʩչطͿԿǺɫһСͿռ䣬ǿռһˮӵҺЩҺһȻڲŵĶħоࡣ
潫Ǻɫһϣ΢΢һ֮Ȼޱȵļ̣һ´ľ֮ϡ
Ǻɫһ´һаǿѪĿֲת֮мصطһ½ԼĺѪƾǹǿаû档
һ˲䣬һ·ĵţǴͷ˫ͫ׷Ŵ󣬱óޱȣ˫Ҳ˼צӣһѪս棬һɿȴʿĿֲϢ֮
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ЩʵȻ֮ӣһ棬Ȼ֮𣿻ļȻ֮ӣ
Ȼ֮Ƿλ֮һĴڡЩȻ֮ȻĳȫʦͨȻ֮ѧȻϵķҪʿǰԼľ湹ģͲܹʩչ
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ڵϿ˶ĪҼ֮ΨһжСܾ谮ȫһӵܣڴ½Ƹһϲͨ
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ʮ䵭֮дһ˿˿ԶȻᡣ
ɯü΢΢һ壬Ȼܹĸе滰֮еԶ䵭
ȻһЦͬٻţĿЩС¾ͲҪˣ߰ɣҴȥǾ֮ɭú档
濴ſȵЦݣеѹһɨգ΢Цã
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⼸뾫֮ɭÿȾЩ
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ɶλĸߵȾ鵥ʣȫȲ϶ħ˵ʼĳЩߵȾȴͨȻԪطȻ֮ӡԪ֮ڸߵȾʮֳ
һλ֮ɻλںϣγͨ顣Ȼǵ츳ȻҪǿ࣬ȴԶԶȲɶλĸߵȾˡ
ڷλľ󲿷־ͨȻϵܵӰ졣ھͨԪϵľǺ١ڷλ֮еľȻ֮ӻÿͻһԪ֮ӣȴһҲûг֡
ǾͨȻϵľǲϵĸԼסľ֮ɭڼĸ֮£⾫֮ɭѾ˳ֲãҵħҩʦĳֲ


307 Ԥ֪
Ǿ֮ɭ棬Ǿ֮ɭĳֲʹòͬķʽգγһ貵Ĳʺ硣
֮ɭһǿޱȵħܣħŨȱʤҪʤһ
Ǿ֮ɭţɭ֮гֵ̾ľɫ
⾫֮ɭ浱羰续ڵ򣬲֪ǰΡ
ȽޱȵȻǾһò׽õļ԰أ
΢΢һЦͨλʷѧʮ׿ΪʲôԺ
λľǴɶλߵȾɳļ𲿶ӡһֻߵȾ𲿶λ֮ҲλβޱȵսŻ˾֮ɭһϢ
һֻߵȾ𲿶Ҳǲҵս֮У˲أǿǵȼ𣬳Ϊ˷λľ
ǩԼֹ·ս֮֮£Ī˹۹̩̹۹Ҳ齨ַԶ
ЩַԶ⾫֮ɭ汻һ嶪ס˲ءһŵλվȽŸ
Ҳ⼸ǧ棬һ𽥱λܡַҲٳ֡
ʵȣνҹʲô£
ٹҳӡǾһĹأٹ죬ҾһˡԼˡмһܹҪȢңҲԸ⣬æˡ
ֱˬ˵֮󣬺Ȼԥ֮УĬģһӣһħϡ
ں󷽲Զŵķٵü΢΢һȻһںΧĿȥ
֮ɭǾ۹صأܹƬ
ھ۹λͬĪ˹۹λȨصĴ塣֮£ܹ̤㾫֮ɭ
ֻһͨˣǽʥǿǴ漶ħʦѻþɣ뾫֮ɭ
֮һĨأԤ֪
Ԥ֪
Զʱһκˡ
Ԥ֪ʱϵһֳ֮ӵԤԡԤ֪ǻʮϡ١ֳΪ޹أֻ츳йءǿ飬ҲδӵԤ֪
ӵʮϡ٣һȴǸǿĴڡͨԤ֪ҲͰˣ漰һ˥Ԥ֪ܹһһøʢ
ȻԤ֪ʮֲȶǲ֮λʷ棬ųԤ֪ǿʱ֮ҲֻܹһЩδƬΡδ޷ĵģ㿴δƬεʱһЩٶҲͻӰ쵽δı仯
ˣӵԤ֪Ĵڣ֮ᱻ֪֮ܵ˵ĳݡ
һŹֻҾһЩģƬΣ֮ɭѪɺӣվѪ֮С
΢΢һŲҲͣüͷ壬ӿս׼
ʮƤһЦôһû˵ءվߵİ֣ǵĵ֮СҲǵĿ
΢΢һΪԼƭ֮ɭ棬Ҫɵء
ΣﰧһʮֲԤСģƬ֮ҲŽΪҵֱо֮ɭҲд䡣ҡ
ʲôô
ȽһЦ֮ŽĹâôǲ𣿰ѲȻ𣿡
˫һ̯Ǿ֮ɭѪɺˣһСûкôҰæҲûж
ԴаĿȷʵмϲҪðΣ˵Ľ黹ûеǸز
һðɣҪʲô
һĨâ΢΢һЦܹӣ
ܹܹȿռ֮ոγħıһ͵ħ̺ŵľħǶħʯļʮ
һŴܹ˾һԴԴħľ۱衣һŴܹм֮ãļֵ֮޴֪
ܹǷڲ֮λҲͬʮı
ü΢΢һֱ̫ˡܹһһܹһӡӵеӴҲٶţò
ȺȻһЩ˷ܵˣϴβҪǾĴ˿űҿһ档
΢ЦʵҲǺ
˿ų˹ųӵһòĸʵҲǿޱȣ˵ҲǰĿֲڡ
ڷλ֮У֪ӢۺҪϴ˿һ档˵Щ˿Ŀԣݵ֮£Ϊȹ֮صİ
ˣҴز㿴һ£ϲ
һһ澫ޱȵĲУݸ˿ȡ
ǾӣƯľӣ
һ澫ޱȵľϸһԼĻòʱ¶˻ޱȵЦݡ
λʮĿǰľӻʹͭľӻǵһγϡ
ǿ֮ϵֻҪһܹγһʮķħҪС⡣
Ȼǵһο˾ľӣֵİţϵһЩƣȻЦúϲ£졣
΢Цô־˻ϲ𣿡
ЦֻСһȻϲһỨǮµġˣ־ӶǮһ棿
һšϢ塣ҲʮעԼǲˮھھʮܻӭ
ЦеĻһٽһ棬ٽһľӡһһ澵Ϳ׬ٽңɣ
ʮֺˬãû⡣
ɶλĸߵȾһƳλľȻҲһǧңΪıǿǵҲǿ
ƳЩǼÿһƸֻҪܹҵϲĶǵҲʮֲֿ
ǰ֮ɭһĿľΪ˴򿪾·Ļ档
ҪάһֻǮǱزٵġȻ밲ҵһս֮չε˾޴ĲƸȻ뾡취ýǮ
Ļ𣿡
ûҵĻɫɭֹų档
Щ͵ô߿㣬Ȼñմȥá
ȴСһֱھ֮ɭ棬ľɫҲˡһúöŮھ׬ǮʮȤúܴĳɾ͸С
΢΢һЦӿ˽Ųſž֮ɭȥ
һƬƬɭ֡ꡢӡϪȸӵĵΣڿȵĴ֮£ǿȻʱŵִﾫ֮ɭλþ۹Ķʥ¹֮ǡ


308 ʥ¹֮
濴Ǿ۹ĵ۶ʥ¹֮ǣ̲ס̾һĳУ
ʥ¹֮һ֦Ҷïޱߣһ߼ʣƵĲͨմɶλɳļ𲿶ӸߵȾǵս
֮ͨսܴأΪػڷλľǣϵ˷䣬Ϊ˾һĶǡ
ʥ¹֮Χ֦Щ֦֮ϣ˸Ļ䣬̺죬ޱȡ
һ֦ͨҶ֮ϣȻ֮ͨϵ֦Ҷ䣬תγһޱȵ¹ء
һ¹֮£һľɫķ߹ʥֻŮӽʥ֮ͨдϷγһ御֮ͯвŻֵ档
ɫķһ˫Էеħޡɫķ˵ӵж޵ѪͳԴؾսʿϵķһٹڷѣʳ޴Ҫֲι۹ӵеɫҲͷ
ٵȡʥʥ¹֮Ҳ¶һĨ֮ɫ׵ľɫ𺳡
һǽٷλ֮λìܣս
ڷλ֮ϵ࣬꾫һ鶼СͬҲв˾У˫ޡ
ǩ֮ԼȻʱͣ齨Զַһ塣ԾΪūҲͬӰӡ
뾫֮ĹϵѺáʵϾһڷλǴԹ״̬ǧ֮䣬һλ֮СĹϵȻʮֽš
ܹۿʥ¹֮Ŀʮϡ٣ͨЩŮū඼ʮھ֮ɭһޱȵʥ¹֮ǡ
ȽԺҫɣҼң
Ե̾ȻһĳУ
۹⣬ǽȥɣ
ȵһЦͬһͷõС¹һ㣬ı¹֮ȥ
һ¹֮ǣƾʿĿֲ֪͸о¹֮ǸоһΣյĸо
һ˿˿ֲɱ¹֮ï֦ϵĻ֮ͬʱ˵£ͬһִĸҲʮΣյĸо
ͬʱï֦ܵҶ棬Ϣǿľ飬ȻЩ鶼ĺʵǿս顣
¹֮ǿȣ⼸λҵѣ뿪ţ
һ̺¹ֱһеϡ
¹ʧʱһѾԭʧ
˫һ㷢ԼѾһݣϳһԼ׸ߵݣһɲľŻζͬʱƾʿǶԪ֪ҲӦħʮŨط°빦Чѡ
һһ֣˷һޱȵĿ⡣
ҲΧȥ
ʥ¹֮ľɫɭֹų濴ľ鲻ͬʥ¹֮ľ󲿷ֿǵĿһ˿桢Įǽ䱸ɫɭֹųľԵʮϲӴ
һȫװľ˫ɫ˿һǰ
մһƥɫķϷ˿һǰȵ£ҷǰ¹⹬
մĿһһԵϣ֮¶һ˿֮ɫ
μ֮ʱ滹ֻһԭһСеĳСڷλ֮洦ɼʲôΨһֵóƵľǣ˼ʺĺԭ֮ڽһСڣѾ۹֮һĪ˹۹ĹȨµ˿Ѿһǧ֮ޡѾΪ֮һصĴ
֮е˿ҲֻǧҲ˵˿ڶۣµ˿ѾǾ۹ķ֮һԲС
²Ҳû֣Ǿϲ㣬󲿷˶Ѿ֪֡
Ȼھ֮ɭ棬ǧľӪ֮£ڷλͬӣ鲼ߡȻռ鱨
մһ뵽ǰʮº͵ĺֱôˮûĪ˹۹һʡȻûǸʡԼֻۣޱȵֶΣбЩ
˱ڵϿ˶߻˾֮⣬۹߲ûһ˸ǰ档
ǿ󣬾鳤ϰɯŻ˺Ͱ̸
һͨˣǴ漶ǿߣھ֮ɭڴ˱ڵϿ˶࣬ͱˡ
ʮݵķɫķˬһЦõģ߰ɣˣմһЩɫɭֹųȥýɡ
մǣ£
Ҳ׷׷ɫı
ɫһ˫˫֮һħҫһ쫷ȻɫΧһ쫷շȥ
ɫΧ쫷üͷ΢΢һһ½⿪һɻ󣺡ôķ磬ַҲֻʿϵǿ߲ܹ⡣ұ쫷糤ڴţҲáֲþǲʹɫг;·
ɫȻܹգȴ쫷֮Ϯ̫ûħֻ壬ǿֲ쫷ҹʿǿҲڷʴ֮£ͷʹֲʱӵһʿܹ׵ĵֵסЩ쫷ʴɫҲֻܹʥ¹֮䵱ͨߣս֮гΪһֻ䲻ɱﵣ޷Ϊ;ͨĹߡ
ʥ¹֮泤ݣЩǾЩǧٹֵ档
ʥ¹֮ǾһƬȻޱȣϢɭ֡
ʥ¹ǵ룬һŸߴＸף֦Ҷïһ¹֮ڵľ޴ľ
һʱ¹֮еľ޴ľǾһ¹һ֮еĻ;ס¹֮ϡ
һɫķһ׳֦֮ϡ
һ¹Ĵ׳֦ޱȣȫС＼ãɫķȻɵĽ֦֮ϡ
մָһĽСòƽؾŮȵҪȥ׼һ£ɯȽȥɡ
΢΢ͷã
ӻ֣¶һЦݣȻ
ϣȾڱմȾ黤֮£¹ȥ
ɯòһЦ
΢΢ͷɯȽ¹档
¹棬һ¹⣬¹֮ӵоޱȵħܣԡ¹֮Уܹĸ֪Լ¹ҫ֮£һ˿˿ǿš


309 ˿
¹ڲΪɢ¹⣬¹涼һʵӫڣǷ
һĻȣһ޴Ĵһеǰ
ǿ޴Ĵڣλ֮⣬߻һľľιɵƹ͢õΡ
ڴѾżˡ
ڴǼ˶Ǿ飬һеһԴĿ⡣
ɯȵĴ֮£󷽵һϯλ֮£µĴŴ֮еļˡ
ǼУһΪһĿ࣬һʨһʨβɢһɰ˵۹ʨǿߡ
һΪһĸߴƤ𪣬òһԶ̶̵ĽɫǣȻ֮ȵǿߡ
һΪһòޱȣ˿ȰĪѷɫȥһ׵ӡϧߣһףϳǿ߱¶ݡ
һΪһĸߴ࣬òӢһͷɫĶ̷Ʋ߻ŵĶȥ֮еĴ
֮Ǽ˵ĿҲϣǵĿǽ޶ˣɢķٵ֮ԶһĨȡ
һɹ졢֮лص
濴Ǽһֱۣ˷ϵһöɫůһ£ҧ飬֭Һе֭Һ븹Уһޱȵůڶůģò
ɫůǾһϤˮζޱȣҿߵʡɫɭֹų棬һöˮ۶ߴһٽңʥǸߴٽһöһмУܵ׷Ķˮ
ٵ߻ǿһָ߸̩̹۹ս֮׸֮Ϊɫޣ˵ʮʱ򣬾;ս֮Ѫڲֻʮ꣬Ѿӵǳʿ۷ΪʱԿԽޣΪʥǿߡȻûħսѪµķ̩̹۹ǿ֮һеĽʥѾˡ
濴һĨغͺ֮ɫս֮Ѫţô
֮УҲ˶ܹԼѪ˵һܹ̳вѪ֮⣬󲿷ֶ޷ԼѪ
λѪλ֮ǿѪͬѪ̺ŲͬÿһʮǿԶԶ˵
ս֮׸̩̹ϵ֮ǿ飬kѪ֮ͬӵмΪֲ
޾˰׸Ѫ֮ͻӵһ˿˿սΪֲӵĳܡû⣬ȫ˳µĽΪʥǿߡܷΪ񼶵ǿߣҪԼŬ
һĸΣ˫弸¶··ƽһͷƽɫĳͬɫٲ㴹ӵп徵ɢһɸ߹Ӻݡšľ̤档
һľˣ۾һ΢΢һľ˾ŮˡľǰҲҪѷ֡
ľһ̤֮ڣ·˼֣еĿⶼĹȫͬҲǾɫ˵Ŀȫڸסˡ
վľߣȾԵɬ࣬·һֻûȫƻԱߵһɫ˿ͬâ˼֡
ɫ֮⣬һЩŮսʿľˣȻھ֮еĵλߡ
ľǣſȵߵǴλ֮£֮ϴӺݻЦݵǾ۹Ĵ˿ţʮָ˴ܹǰμҵıŮȵĳ񡣡
ȳŰ˿Ųע⣬һ˸
ΪʲôôаԼ˿ţԭĸס
Ǵ֮ڣŵĶǿߣȵĹһЩǿߵĿ⼯ϣĿⶼ˿ź;档
ЩĿĬĬСӵ󡣡
ǿ˹Ĺأ˾֮⣬ˣҪ׷ǿ˹ĳԱͱֿͨ顣һҪΪ׷֮еǿߡ
˵۹ʨҫ۵֮һ˴Ѫɣ֮ӵͷƽѪߴ֮һϣ¡Ժ۹˺Ѫ¡̩̹۹սѪޡĪ˹۹ĺʣȷҪμһεĿ𣿡
˿Ÿ߹΢΢һЦ棬·âøһЩ
һ򲻻޸ˡҪȢһѪľŮʮѡ˹Ǻųӵ֮òܵ谮ףļ壬ҪȢľŮء
ڹȥΪ˿˹徫ŮӵҲͨ˿˹µؿ飬ղȢ˵˹ľŮ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ɣ˶ӵзλѪǿߡǿȻ壬ҲԸԵ޹ʵԷǰ֮ɭֻҪһԭزԴԴϵ塣
ɣˬһЦһɰӿܣ֮޾ţȻɣһȹ£ͶԹһ顣һͨο飬ΪȹµΨһ׷ߡ
¡΢΢һЦҲͬԿȵһ飬ᣬҵȻ
޷棬ޱȵϣܹ뿨ȵһȥºһͬ˴κͺӣʲôĿ飬޷ҡҵľġ
ϣ³ĬһᣬһԵ濴һۣƽ֮͸¶޾Ľܹվڿߵֻҡ
Ĵһǿű̬֮һĿ⼯ϡ
һϵ漷üŪۣɫȴ
˿ŵһЦҪ˳𣿡
ɣƳһۣһĨ֮ɫЦ˳ɣ㲻һ鷲ˣûʸμֿ顣Ϊ˳ĺá
¡ҲһЦж벻м֮ɫ
˶ӵǿѪĴڣ֮еţʥǿҲδǵĶ֡һǷ
ȤȻˣôǵı°ɣϣǼҪ̫ʧ
һĨս⣬΢΢һΣֱӷӵǴ룬ɣ˹˹ָͷƵǼ˭


310 ɣ
Դ֮λ֮󣬾ͺͬ׵սΪʮΪȫøҩѻġսԶԶȲţսҲЩŷḻ
λ֮һֱԼŬԼӶδ½ѧʿ֪ʶǱһһӵκսηš
ĿƼֻеһߣǹߵˡҪʵǵۣ֮ĿƼͬĽҲǹؼ
һһķˣҲôţֱȻôҾһ̣
ɣһЦһһɰԵޱȣµĿֲϢ֮ɢлʵޱȵ̤˴롣
˿Цһӣһ¹˷䣬γһޱȵ¹罫ɣС
¹֮УγһֱߴľȻʹǿĿռ෨
˿µʼɣ
ܺãһ࿴֮Ĳ࣡
ɣ˫֮кâһǰ̤һһ¹ȫУһޱȵѪɫӡĶͷ֮Ȼ֣һɿֲޱȵѹ
һĨ֮ɫѹѹôȻ
ɣͷųǿֲѹȽʥǿߵѹҪֲ֣ͨǳʿǿ߹Ҫֵɣѹʮܡ֮ϵ
Ȼɣϵѹ̫ࡣֻ΢ʿӵǿս߳ɣ֮£ֻк˲ŸҶ֡
໣
ɣͬʨһ˫âһǻһģſѪڣһ춯سԣ·֮֮ʱγһֲޱȵֱӺȥ
һֲޱȵһºϣӲĹᴩ滤˷֮תȥ
һɲ֮䣬Դһʹ˫˵ѪҺ˫֮˳Ҳͬڹʹ಻
ף㻹Щ£ȻûҲˣȥ
ɣһЦͬһħһȭ·̺һ˿㣬̩ɽѹ֮ƣȥ
˿֮һĨâðԵһȭ
ɣһȭѾ̺һ˿ԾԵݻһУǾǴսʽǾ˴ѪɣսʽѾһ˿˿սʽӰӡ
¡жһĨ֮ɫɣһȭҲ޷׽¡
һҧ˲䷢˺֮֮ۡһһ֮ڣ޾ľ֮ӿ棬һȭž֮ɣȥ
䣡
һֱֲ֮ӵɳʮɫ԰ףһ˿˿Ѫ
ɣȴֻ΢΢һΣûӦȻһϣɣռϷ硣
ȼһĻ˫һʣ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫץס׵ܵܣԼİ¹񹭽ȻĵܵдȣҲôϲ档
˿֮ȴһĨ֮ɫɣһǿޱȣͨ彣ʥǿߺӲӲᱻһˣֻǱˣ˰˿ŵϡ
⡣ȻҵĶ֣
ɣ΢΢Щ⣬һЦһΣͬһͷŭĿʨһӶȥ
ѪȻ鴫ֻܵ㣡
Ŀ䣬ĬģʮָһţʮӶʱһߴףȭͷС֩һʵĳֲ֩ħ
֩һĹʵâһһɫ˿һƬɣϯȥ
飡
ɣ˫ԲɣһŭХһȭ̺𵴷ȭȻһȭ̺زͬķǰɫ˿ķѡ
֩ħϵɫ˿ɣȥȻɣֱĿֲһһ飬ɫ˿˷ɢ䡣
ɣÿһȭͽ˿飬ͬʱ̤żᶨĲһǰţЩɫ˿޷ֹǰĲճǳֲ֩ħı֮ǰһЦһȭ֩ħı֮ϡ
ɣȻ֪֩ħʲôĳţֻҪƾһ˫޵ȭǹֲı壬ܹݻһС
ɣһȭ£𵴷һ˲ͽ֩ħñ顣
֩ħһ˲䣬һǽϸСһ´֩ħ֮ڵͬһһ´ɣĸ
һ˲䣬ɢڵϵɫ˿Ȼͬӵһɣȥ
һɿֲ׵֩ħϸС֮бɣ֫ٺɢȥ
ɣֻһҲ᲻һ˿ͱɫ˿߲֮ϡ
ֻĴ
һĻһЦ
֩ħֲֳһλĳֲԸ֩ħõİ취ûաʹ֩ħı壬ͻᴥ֩ħһĶĶԣǿʿǿ߶С
һѪֶɵرһ³УһΣɣǰһ±ǳʿĿֲɣͷ­նȥ˿û˼ɣݡ
ǧһ֮ʣɣͷޱȵӡǹâҫ˫֮һ»ָһ˿ŭһǳʿĶʱһ

һ֮УеĳӲĽɣնϣƬѪɣ֮˴֮ϡ
ɣһͬҰ޵ŭ֮ü֮ޱȵӡӲĴ˿֮ѣ͵һܹɱһ
潣һɣǱնϵұֱն飬ָһһŻȻɣնұ֮ϣɣնϵұֱճɻҽ



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ɣǿĸоҧгݣԹĵ棬ʮֹεĵ
ȻǴѪɣҲоֻܹ֫ǿɵɵȻĶ֡вᱻֱնɱ
潫ɣұն飬ҷճɻңѾչֳ˳Ķ⡣
ȻɣлᣬҲ⽫ǿߺɱ
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Щ߼ԨħмԨħԨħҲ׷ʩչڰϵķ
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322 ̫
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Ǻڰ֮нסһ˲䣬һɺɫħӿǱʯҪӲĺɫһն롣
¡ûһ˳˰֮⡣
Ǻڰ֮лתһ˲֮ǰһɫĵǺڰ֮мնϣǷ˵İսնѳһĿӣұۼֱնϣ¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
ǰսӵʮֲֿķϧʵ̫޷װȫܣűǶ˿һնˡһ񼶵ǿߣǺս׵ķǺڰ֮ն棬һ޷Ǻս׷ֺ
˸Χ˿͸лǱǣΰİͷȲӹ˾һ壬Ҫһ򾡣ɱǣΰİͷȲɱǣ
֮£¡Ŷ˿͸лڰİǿһָ
¡ӵǿʿΪԨħ֮УԨħ֮еԨħоλеԨħ֮ϣͬʱҲֻԨħӵͳ졣
¡֮£ЩԨħ΢΢һ٣֮ڶԨħͷȲĿ־壬ǷŶ˿л˹
һļĺڰͬһŶ˿͸лȥ
лɫ䣬ֳȨȣʩչļڰһźɫķͶ˿ЩڰǺɫķ֮ϣһһк͡
һͷһͷԨħŶ˿ֱȥ˿Ӷеĺڰ֮е֮һͷһͷԨħնأѪȫǺڰ֮һա
˿ųûһΣ˳սȦһץ̫شİ̫һ³֮ϡ
ǰ̫һ˿ŵУĻ±ųҫޱȵ̫⣬һֻޱȷ·̺޾ȵļʸѸ̫֮۳ͣһɺޱȵѹ¹㳡֮ϻص

˿ɫ䣬һȣһΣֱӻһɫĹâīĴֱӷӶȥȫȻڿֵŸֹĸл
ڰһ˽ֻҪܹߣ˼ѵͬһǿߣ໥֮Ҳûжٸ顣
˿һӣл͸оǴ˿ŵľѾȫһΣԤӿͷ
лһҧĬģеİһųһɫ⣬ʩչ弶ػ˿Ůػ
һϰǳջԸУ֣޾ףȻϢľɫŮ°ȴһֻ֩룬ֲ˿Ůֳһһͷ޴֩ڴܵӰȻ֣˸лǰ
һ˿˿ޱȵ˿ŮӰ֮ɢ
ЩԨħһܵ˿Ů׷ɫ䣬΢΢һһĨ־֮ɫ
Ԩλᴩʮλ棬ԨλԨħҲʮλ֮еǿս¡λ֮Уǿľ顣
֮ͬǾߵȾ顢ǹŶħħսԶԶȲ顣֮λʿҲҪͬΧпܻܻ߻ɱһı
ÿ齵Ԩ֮ʱԨħС֮УֶηѾЩԨħĹ档ֻжħоϵĶħп
̫
˿һʩչ̫һشļһ·̫һ㣬̺žһпֲ̫ļʸͬһǸлȥ
һ̫â޾Ĺȣҫޱȡֻǿһ̫âһۣ˫۱΢΢ʹԾᡣ
˿ŮӰеĴһһ̫âֱӵ
¡
¹㳡Ϊ֮һһ̫âһ¹ᴩܣ޾̫â˿ŮӰȫվ
лûдһǰһ̫â΢ѷɫĹâȻ׾ٵĶĸֲ̫һ½֣ڵĺڰͺڰľš
лһޱȵĲҽУ³һѪֱӵ˵ϣȼ̫⣬ޱȡ
һĻһһĨ𺳣̫飡
̫̫֮мŵĴ˵֮еļ̫һ֮Уֻвּһ˾̫ȳ̫ķ̩˹ڶξ֮һӵе̫ϣǡǰ˿š
̫ܹһ䴩弶ѾΪֲټϢĵڶֱʤûм񼶵ǿܹס̫顣
˿̫֮ɫһƬ԰ףһεѪ˫֮У䣬֮ϣѾƤȻܴᡣ


323 Ťת
һԨħһĻһĨ֮ɫ¡ʵ¡ˣô£˵л뾫年ô£һ£
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ЩԨħٽӵ¡֮ȻʡԨħ֮еȼɭޱȣ¡ΪһжĴͳ죬ӵо޴ȨҲһĶħоЩԨħ޷Υ
ڸл˿һɱЩԨħеɻҲ޷ѹƣ׷֣ͣһɻĶ¡
󵨣¼ĶȻ߹Ķħоȥ
¡ŭХһΣһ·ӵͷԨħǰһ֮һצͷԨħ棬ͷԨħһ˳
¡ȻЩԨħǶΪ֮𺳣֪Ǻá
ԨħǴ漶ǿڣڵھŵλ֮УѾ۷ǿڡǿƵԨ֮УԨħȴʲô¡ĹȫĴЩԨħ
һԨħж֮Уͳ¡˺ѪĶħоڳֻɱЩԨħЩԨħһʱ֮䣬ûзӦ
ȡ¹һʩչ¾һ֮һޱȵ¹ڰ֮ҫһһ¹ᴩͷħͷ­
˿ֳ̫乭һ䣬һȻһһᴩԨħͷ­
ſһ磬ļϢ˲䷢һſֲϢȻϢ֮еԨħճɻҽ
ĬģʩչһָϵķŴ˿ŵơ
˿֮ǰһֱ¹㳡֮УֵźڰͷΧ˲ᡣ
˿ֳִܣĬģ۳һһĸַεػ˰뿨ȵǰ
˿һħ˫޵ǿߣ似ħʽڷϵרŸػħˮ͹ֵǿߡ
¡ǳûԨħȺ֮У޼ɵɱЩԨħ¡ֻԨħͳ죬ЩԨħҷֻܹǱӡ
Ԩħ¡֣ͬˮһӿͼһ˺ɷ顣
·һ齸ʯһ㣬Ԩħһײ齸ʯ֮ϣķѣ飬ѪȫΧĴȾ졣
ĬģһӣһſѪħٵȻɳһֲѪħٷ趯ЩԨħֱӾɸʬ
ЩԨħҲߣ׷ʩչһԨħͬһѪħ֮ϣ׾پͽʮѲѪħֱӷճɻҡ
ԨħģһԨħĺսԼ˿۵ĸַ֮ϣϵ˿
Ȼӵǰս׵֧֣ҲȻоһ˿˿ƣӿͷ
ԭЩս˶ǿָоû뵽Ҳб˺սѵزһ죡
˫۳һƿһƿĹħҩͬξһ壬ҲӸطƣԨħȻ飬ɱ֮ƣ;
ȴ޷ȴ벽һ˺Ŀȡ⹭ֺħʦͻᱩ¶ЩԨħĹ֮¡
ݲʩչſռҵķЩԨħ޷ʩչǲдļʮԨħͬʱʩչΧ棬ǿҲֵס
˿ǰ۷弶ĳǿߣǸղԨħԼл˿ǿߵΧ֮£Ѿˣټ϶̫񼼸ϼˣսֻа׼ڲϵɱЩԨħϾЩͨԨħ
£ˣ
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һǿ߷׷״֮ͨӿ¹㳡֮ڵĶħȥ
һֻֻʸγһƬֲޱȵļ꽫¹㳡֮ϵĶħȫǣħƬ֮С
һħʦĬģΧһָһâҫָսħֲֲȻ֣Щħȥ
Ǿһ֣Щħɱһ
Ȼ֮£Ǿǰսħֲ䵱ܡ
ǶħԨħʩչֺڰЩսħֲͳͳٵܹսħֲ֮ľսʿ
ǶħԨħ˿ź¡һɱѸٵǾƫơ
һͷԨħƲϢƶȿˮɽ֮ϵĴԣһͷǴ档
·ѩһ㣬ڳԨħһȿֺˮɽ֮ϵĴӿȥ
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˿̤ŵĲǰһĨм΢΢һЦһǶлˣҴлҪٽĿˣӵʸΪȵ׷ߡǾ֮еĹֻҪҪ󲻹֣Ǿһ֮һæǾĳŵ
һ֣˿Ҳֻܹ¹㳡֮ߡ
ӴޱȵԨħһûϯ¹Щӡ¹֮ڸؾĽһᱻЩԨħûָɵ
¹ľ嶼һƽ٣һ嶼⵽ش
һǿ߿棬¶һ˿мû˳Դ˿ŵĻ
̱ڵϣʹŵĸлһָô£ܷ񽻸ң
˿ü΢΢һ壬Ȼɿ¶һ˿Цã
̲ס£Ǻڰ̻Ľڸлȥ׼λΰ飬ǾͿԻľˡ
ڰ̻Ľڸлڷλĵ磬ӵĺڰ̻档
ǿ簬˿ҲԸںڰ̻սлһθл뿪Լϳûܹץúڰ̻Ľڡ
һ˿Žлĺڰ̻ͨʽΪƷ׼ĪϣšôлͲع˿ŮǻĪϣŮΪĪϣŵ
һĪϣžԻή谬˿Լ塣
񼶵ǿ߿ûô׵ƣǿ꣬ڷİǿҲˡ
ڰһڷҲֻж˿л񼶵ǿߡһŵ˿žȻҪø棬Щĸ߲жᡣ


324 Ԫ
˿һ֣ޱȵĴЩ߲Ҫ˵Ļϵ˵ˣһҪ֣ҲûôشлһлȵǵҪһ岻֪Ҫˣǲܹ˵һһġ塣
ЩϧȴȻóϷȥǣ£
Щĸ߲תһ룬ҲЩжٽԡ
һεðտֵõģ
濴Ŵ˿˺ˬҲһĨ֮ɫлһڰİǿ߶弫ΪҪõǸĳŵҲҪŪ֡ڴ˿˺ˬĴӦлøҲԴ˿ų˺øС
Ѹٵ˸лߣȥ
ʱлĸһֲĴ󶴣һɫ̫Ľ֮ȼգԭԸĽյõǳª˰̡ԭҲյ÷·һ¡
ȡһֻҺ̬ҩһ˸лϣڡ
ǿʴУӵ˿ҩĿǰѾɱ60%עҩ
һϢ˫֮ȡʮֻҺ̬ҩȫ˸лڡ
ѧϽзöѾǿ֮ᱻԷȡߡĿǰ޷Ҳ޷ֹö걻ȡߣǷʴ
Ūĸ֪ʶϳƶҪصݿ֮ڣƶҪصܹԵķҲڷǿš
΢΢һͽ֮󣬶ᱻһĿǰûа취ֹҲὨһԼʱȻ취ҲŪʴ
ǣ
ЩҺ̬ѸٵʴŸлȫлʴ
ƣ
һ£ЩҺ̬Ĵ̼Ÿлһ±һɿֲ̫һһȻǹǿޱȵ֮£Ѹٵơ
һ󶴣ͨѾˣǸлǰ񼶵ǿߣѾһɱǿޱȣǸᴩһֻҪƣ
лѸٵĻָţװģȡһЧĽħһ˸л˫֮ϣͬʱ»˹γɵ·˸лͷϡ
ֻҪһͿͨԼͽ˫ۿk뿴飬ͽ˫k顣
лǺڰ̻Ľڣ˿ŮĿ⾭ϡ»ƭ˿Ůôеһжᱩ¶˿ŮĿ֮¡
ʵģȻʧˣЩڰԨħһȺҸ˶
¹һ֮ڣ޾ĺڰǼ֮ڣڸ֮˵Ŀһĵ̾Ϣ֮֮ڴ
ҲлᣡһͲŵ֮ĻصţȻΧľֱա
˿ߵһˮɽԣͷһڰȫʴˮɽü
¹Ǿڷ䣬跲侫һϢʥءˮɽһʱͱڰʴ˿һ¹ɾͿԽ˿Ԩħšлѹ
¹غѾڰʴǺڰô⾫һʥ¹ͻȫʧȥá˿Żᱻֽٵ¹ǺڰԼڰá
˿ü΢΢һʲô취¹֮ˡܹ취¹֮ˣҾǾһı棬ѡһ
˿ḻȻϲʲô޷Լ˴棬ֻܹñջΪ
۾һѸŸлһˮɽķȥ
лǺڰ̻Ľڣʶ㣬Լ֪
ˮɽ֮ǰһһеˮɽ棬ѸٵķˮɽһС
ܿһֽ۾֮ڡ
΢һӵһħֲħݣˮɽĺڰֻҪңͿԽˮɽĺڰһա
˿΢΢һһĨȻ΢ЦǾͰˣֻҪˮɽĺڰô֮а취ָ
Ȼ֮䣬һˮɽ·һ³һµħ
һ̺޾⡢¡˿ռâǳ˰֮С
һâڰӿĳȡһˮɽ
һɫĹââ֮棬γһ޴ĺڰ罫ˮɽİ˿š桢лС
Ԫ
˿ſǰ֮еĺڰâǣʱɫ䡣
Ԫ弶弶֮УҲʩѶյһַһЩҪաһЩǿĴûմԪ弶
һǴԪУ鼶ǿҲᱻǽ棬ҵ;
ǽ֮һصĽ棬ǽӵͨλĵ·ͬҲԼַ˼ǿͿֲڡ
ǿһǽһЩ֮أҲ
κ˽ǽ֮ǰ׼ҪľÿԶλԼıһǽ磬пʧǽ棬ҲҲ;
Ԫ
ɫҲˢһ±ʮѿһǽ磬ôӵбλѾ޴Ҳֻǻص֮λ棬Ҫصλ棬ͻʮѡ
սħȻ涪˷λǿɲһķѴԴλ֮·ڶ
ռ
һҧһģŰ֮һָʩչļռһſռһ³Ǻڰâ֮ϡ
һ̣ǿռγɵĿռбһ±Ǻڰâֱ£顣
һɫĹâǺڰâҲֱѹȥ
˿һҧһóһƬҫ̫ԵҶӣеץң
ֱһˣıס˰˿ϸ֫һɶҵӰ˿ŵĽ֮ϴ
лҲֱһˣıס
ǺڰâǴֱѹ£һ½˿ȫɣǺڰâ˵˲䣬һ̫ĹâȻǺڰâȻʧ
ȿǺڰâǽ˿ɣæ˹ȥе裡


325 ˿Ů
һƬڰֵĿռڣȻһâռһŤӰŤĿռֱ֮׹䣬˵֮ϡ
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һԴ˰˿ǳԣŶֻǸ֮΢һ˿ʹĸо
æ֣Ǹ
˺ս֮ȻûзǾ֮ʿĿֲҲȻʮֲֿǰ˿ǰ۷弶ǿͬǿޱȣֻ¹ͷ汧Ϻü
ϧ
ʶЩɿ˫ֵ棬ȻһͷϸԵİ˿ŷЩ֡
ĸлҲɿ˫֣ĶգһĨޱȵĹâȻĿ˰˿ŵϣһĨ֮ɫ
һɿ֣˿űֱ̱˵ϣһ˿ȻըѣƬƬѪĽ֮ء
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һԺȻ˸л޷ɧȻˣ̫һ֮б̫֮Ҷ˴ԪȻƵǴԪеĿռ䷴֮ͳͳ֮ϱ֮ǰܵƣѾϼˣôû£
лǺڰ̻Ľڣͨڰطһһ̺Ŷ˵ķ顣λڰĸ˿Ҳֻѷһѡ
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˿ŵ΢΢鶯һ£Ĭ
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ն˵ˣȻʲôˣԵ˿飬ʲôֶζóȥǶѣȴֶΡûа˿Ƕᱻǽ硣ҿֶ𱨵顣
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һ֣΢΢һЦռ䷴֮ڰҪ˿ţʣټҵħҩԼһ£ܹȫָ
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һŮ˿ӰһԵĸлԾ˵ϣ֮г˿־塣
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ڰϵһϲŭ޳ǿڣ˿ԼڰһɱΪ֡˿УЩڰǿ߼ֱлһ˿٣ͳ˿־壬ܵڵ¡
üͷ΢΢һ壬ֱȡ˳ǹǰ֮еŮ˿Ӱ۶
һųڽϵǰ֮еŮ˿Ӱȥ
ڰ֮е˿Ӱ˫˫֮гĮϡԼһ˿Ϸʡ
һķˣΪֶξͿ˺ΰ𣿡
˿ŮĮȻһЦһ㣬ǿ߶شһųֱӱʧ
ǰ涼ǵϱ뱣ǫ
˿ŮĮޱȵƳһۣһɺޱȵֱѹ֮ϡ
꣡
ĵֵǹɿֲһ·˹ͷѵȻƴתطȻ޷ֵǿֲޱȵ
Ǻս׵İ֮£Ȼվڵ֮ϣȻǰ֮е˿Ůȼŷŭ벻
˿Ů֮һĨ֮ɫ¶һջֳ񶾲пЦݣȤˣȤҲҪץȻһ۶ĹͷǷܹ¶ı顣
ϧҵʱ䲻࣬һˣҾͰһæһݴ񣡡˿ŮȻ¶һ˿ޱȵЦݣŰ˿üĵȥ


326 ˿֮
д󾪣ҧҪųڴԪ֮еսˣȴԼ˼ά˼֮⣬޷
˿Ůе飬֮λʿͬһǿߣ嫣Ȼ֮Ҳߡһ˿ͶӰͷųȻǿףܹĴڡ
˿ʮ侲ΰ˿Ů񣡸Լûз´񲻿ԶԷ˳֡ΥԼĺҲ޷ܵΰĪϣŮϣŮͨҵ˫ۣأ
ֻҪһͿͨԼͽ˫ۿһУͨͽ˫һСӵеһֲֿ鿴ȥ֪ܡ
һСѾͷȷʵԼ޷Υ㶼ܹɱ֮Уӡһһֻڱˣҵıʵϣûг֡Ѿˡ
˿ŮȻһЦָһ㣬һµ˰˿ŵü֮һī̺ĺɫͬһԸеĺһ˰˿ŵüġ
˿ֻ΢΢һ·ʲôõ鷢ԼϣȴΪһȵӿ֫ٺɢȥȣ̺죬¶һԸ˵顣
˿ŮƳ˰˿һۣ¶һ˿ԸеЦݣȻƳһۣˣϡ֮󿴵ĪϣšϣӵһǳȤ
˿תŸлһۣ֮г˱Ͳпᣬ¶һ˿Ű޵ЦݣȻץסˣôȥɣ
һڵĻʱڸлĽȼһ·ޱȵĲҽ֮
Ϊڰ̻ĽڣлڱǺڰʴ¶˺ڰЩڰ˿Ůһǿֲĺڰȫ˷һеħ棬Ÿл
ϧ̫ˣȻͿúȤһĻˡ
˿Ůϧһ̾˲ҳƮɢ
һƬڰ֮Уֻʣ̺İ˿źͻȼźɫħĸл
˿ŮһʧĬģʩչʦ֣֮һƿħҩֱӹĿС
һƿħҩ壬Ǳܱ˲伤ǶѵĹͷʼѸٵϣ´ܵʹĸо
ĬģԼľŸлһָ޸֮ˮȻһƬεˮŸлϯȥ
޸֮ˮ֮лյĽ޸
һлڵҺ̬Ѹٵķ̼ŸлڵѨһ±һǿޱȵֵǺɫħķա
ңˣȾңֻҪңӽʲôģʲôҾʲô
лûʩչޱȵļţǽĵ֮г˿־塣
ͨʦԼŷ飬ֻǻʧȥܵشԽǿʥְߣһԼŷ飬ôܵķɾͻԽء
лİǿ߻¶˿ŮĺڰȫʴһɿʼǺڰڵ⣬껹Ҫع˿ŮȻ˿Ůпޱȵĥ
лһ뵽˿ŮпֶΣоͳ˿־壬š
ģȻˣ;Բ
һҧһΣһǸлߣȡһƿƿħҩֱӹлĿС
һܲңǸöã
˿̱ڵϣ߾ȫȸл֮һĨĽ֮ɫüͬһĺɫɢĺɫ⣬ҡᶨǡ
ԭ˿־ޱȣһĻҲֻƵһЦ̾壬Ľü֮˿ŮʩչĶ䣬ȴڣʴǼᶨ־
лǰ׼ǿߣڵħҲΪֲȻħ棬ҲȻ޷ħȫ
ת˼ţг˽ǣô죿ҵʵ̫ˣɶ񣡣
ֻܹˣһҧһʹóһСƿӣƿӣƿһεɫҺ壬˸лࡢҪ֮
СƿװŵӶδ½չζĳҩ弶ҩҺӵĹЧֻҪ˻һܹȻҲı֮ҲֻһСƿ
Һĵطħ׷Ϩ𣬻߷·ӵһŸл֫ȥ
浱һն䣬лֱ֫նϣѪһء
л֫һ䵽ϣͱһħճɻңء
һĨǸǸֻܹһԺһ취κ˫֡˫š
лһ¶һĵЦݣû£֪лˣҪˣѾˡ
֫ϣͨ˵ǿֲޱȵơǶڸл˿λڷλ۷ǿ˵ȫҵӦħҩͱֱӵ֫ٴ
лɨ˰˿һۣ֮һĨޱȵĹâȻһЦˣ˿˵ķ񶾵ķ֮һ˿֮ǡᱻڰı˿֮ᱻǺڰһǿҵطҴûеĻ²⣬ӦǵΣյĽ֮һڰɭֵڴȫԴߡ
˿һ˿־壬ԥ˺һЩĴһ˿ǻҪң
˿һ뵽ԼںڰлܵĲпԴоͲڷԼĽ
˿ҲǴС󣬵һο
ĺˣҲģ
΢΢һЦȡһħ̺һףħ̺лħ̺֮Ű˿ȥ
΢΢Ű˿űȥ
˿һŵϵζü֮ǺɫĹâʢһԣ˫ͬˮһıϣһĴϡ
΢΢һȻ˰˿ŵ֮С
漴ڰ˿ŵ֮ʱһαˮϷ䣬һµϣȻĻֱӵɿһ˹ϵ־룬޲ɷɢ˷İ˿


327 ЫβȺ
˿ţһ㣡
һħףһ޸֮ˮֱӴ˰˿ŵ֮ϡ
Ǳ޸֮ˮһ壬˿Żָѡһ뵽ԼĸղŵΪ̺죬
ǰ˿þĸµĺ˿ȻºͣǴСĸúܣ˿СǸղȻ˷˵Ϊŭһ֮
лԸһЦˣղſǴûᡣλ淲߹ǿľɫˣ˿󻶡ɲǿģҪҲ޻˵
ƾħҩԼлֲʣлѾʼѸٵĻָԪ
˿ѵŤͷӡ
潫˿űħ̺֮üͷ΢΢һʵлô£
˿֮Ǻڰһ֮񶾵ķһӵﶼᱻ˿֮֡һ䣬۶ô־ᶨ겻ŮԣһĶ䣬޵ڰ֮еĻŮǰǾһ֮еŮ񡣵kǱֻ֩ץסȻһġ
ܹʱ߹Ĵ˿Ҳһ˾ͻᷢ¼ĸлֻһЦ
л˱ץסȫǰ˿ǿֲһж԰˿ŵĳ޺ͷŭȺ
˿ԣ˿־壬Ҫȥ
˿̧ͷ棬֮ʣ˵ɰޱȵİȾңһص壬ԻᱨģҿԴǾı⣬ѡһ
濴˿һĻ΢΢һתͷŸлʵַô
˿֮˿Ůյǿ֮һǲ֮λ棬ҲֻЩŲӵ˿֮ģ͡
սħڵĵλߣֲֿǿķģͣ޷Ӵ
лЦҲַ֪˵ֻ˿Ů˿ԽȻϵĹ֣ǿԾһеĹҲӦÿԽ侻֮⣬ֻһЩ˵֮пԿıпѹһ䡣
˿Ůе飬ҲǺڰϵʵǿޱȣǾϵ֮УҲֻоӵǿĪϣšӵе̫ϣǡӵеŮ˿ܹ͡ľսûһ˿ŮĶ֡
λ֮УҲû̫Ĵܹ˿Ůµ֮ǿ֪
һʵȻԾ䣬ôϵӦ˿ɣ
лҾͲ֪ˣ밬˿ӦñҸ顣
Ŀ˰˿ŵϡ
˿֮һĨɬһ̾ΰ֮У̫ŮŮӦа취ϵ䡣֮Լ񲻿ֱӸ淲䡣˿Ůµ䣬Ǿ̵Ľڰ˿Ҳ޷ϵ
̵Ľڰ˿þ̷ĪϣŵĽڡҲǾһ֮нڰ˿ŵİǿߡʩչ弶Ҳδܹ˿Ůµ䡣
˿ųĬһᣬһ̾ˣֻһ£ұֿ˾ͷŮ˲䣬㽫ɱҵڻûб֮ǰԻعˣҲмģ
л鹾һת¶һаޱȵЦݣٺ٣Ҳˣ˿ţһطƳǸ䡣Կ䡣
˿һæ׷ʵʲôط
л¶һЦݣʩչطСĽǸط˰˿š
˿ʱӿĨ̺죬ĵ棬֮ŷŭޱȵĻ𻨣ҧгݵҾҲط
ʱЩĪ֪Ϊʲô˿Ż̬ȴ䣬ԥһᣬʵлʲôط
˿Žޱȵл˵Ҫ˵ˣҾԲŹģ
лŰ˿Щܻ飬¶һòҳаЦݣ˿ű£ΪڻǸ߹ǿľֻ˵һ׸ˡ㣬³ֻ»ޱȣʲôʸвң
˿űлҭ̺죬ҧгݣ˵
лһЦˣǺڰ֮һһʹãôͻݣеһж׸ǸˡֻҪ˿ʹôͻֻһ˷飬ǽԴϲ
ЩһЦ˰˿Ϊʲô˸·ʲôҲûзһ㣬лֱӱԶȥҲϵѯŷλ顣
˿侲֮ҲײָʹлеķŭƽϢһ㡣
ħ̺ոշ˲ףȻ֮䣬Զһ˵һָֻֻСƻȳһβȴЫһĳħЫβȻɳ·һƬ߷
л΢΢һˣ棬ӵ೬ħ档˾ԼһЩۼ࣬ӵѹĴ漶ħ֮⣬òҪ֮зС೬ħĹЩħ浥ֻĻɱڶ࣬ǰ񼶵ǿҲᱻˡڵ֮ߣһ㶼Ϳħҩ
΢΢ͷĳȺһĨ֮ɫһ㣬ˣ
ڶδ½Ļ˾ɱʱȫһ·ѹ
ǳħЫβȺֵʱ򣬳ǧܻ˼棬ͿԽǳȺյøɸɾ
ֻʣһˣȻӲĸֳħ档
ЫβٶȼΪֲûжþֱӷɵһеǰ
һؿڵĺսףһɿֲǺս֮ӿ˷ɢȥ
ЩЫβһӦǿֲЫ׷ܿһΪ¶һͨ
лЩǵˣʹĻȷʵѸٵıܹȺ֮УһЩֲרɱΪʳпܻǳħΣյĿֲڣ
Σأ滷ΪӣЩڵ˵ʵձȵǿͬΪ滷ӣǵȻԶԶȲϵ硣


328 Χ
΢ԥһᣬոлָʾֱӴ˵ϡ
ȡһƤƤлֱǰͬʱ˿ƤƤֱӰ
˿һ汳ڱϣһ̵ĽȻߺ̱ıϡü֮һɫİĹâ
óһźɫƤֽ΢΢һһƤֽħһһ±һͷ˫ĶǺħ
һԾӵǶǺħϣһһƥʹɵĶǺħѸٵԶ
ڷλ֮УħӵޱȵһЩʦħƷȵĿƼﻹ档˿лֱǾڰĴʶ㲩֮ȻΪһƥǺеȡ
һǶǺħһߴӴָ֮ȡһƿƿԤħҩֱ˵ϡ
ЩԶħҩӶδ½ڰһ֮Ūħҩ
δ½ĺڰʵȻԶԶȲϷλĺڰ塣Ҳͬڵ꣬Ǹֿƶħҩʮĵá
лЩȵĿһۣжָ˼֡
һ·֮ϣڸлָ֮£ܹһһΣСŵķȥ
Ǹлնϵ֫Һ̬ҩԼħҩ֮£ڿʼֻҪʮʱ䣬Ǳնϵܹ֫ȫָ
˿ſлĻָٶҲʮ⡣֫նϵƣǶļָϵʹħҩĻҲֻħҩָܹô졣
˿ŵȴǱøԻָÿħҩһû밬˿ŵڣͻᱻü֮ǹմдſʼ޸壬ĻָüΪ
λһ䣬ռһŤһ𷢱ۣĿӴӿռ֮߳ΧĻһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬Զ૵Ǽϼһǵ㣬ӦûҪܹõǼص֮λ潫ҲԳưһ
ϣһ±޾ĺڰ֣ȫʧ
λһ䣬һһͷڷһβϱһ󵶣ĸߴ࣬ü֮һ˵ϢĶӴ˻ڴ֮ϡ
ȻӽŲһͣ˫ۣһ˫֮һųһ⣺ӦˣȻǸѾʼ
һΣǺڰһĽأڰɭڵķӶȥ
Ƿλһ䣬ϳһλǿߣЩλǿǶ׷źڰɭֵķƶ
޾ڰֵĵ֮Уһͷ̻˺ڰӾħӥ֮з裬һ˫ħ֮ĹâΧһȫС
һȺڰһȺѾѱĳħ޺ڰħһƬ޴Ģ֮š
Ǵӵĺڰսʿ֮Уһһͷ𷢣η飬ԸлϽֻһЩҶסҪλ¶Ƭ弡ĺڰǿߺȻ̧ͷһ˫֮еֻħӥʮݵȡһħһȥ
һڵħҫһʸͬһᴩֻ֮еħӥ
һ죬ֻħӥһɿֱֲ֮ը÷飬Ƭ档
ԶһƬĢ棬üͷ΢΢һ壬֮һĨǻħӥˣڰúÿ죡
ֻͨħӥѾڰǿߴ˷߰Χ
ֻһˣְ취ӳڰİΧȦ
ǰ˿˿֮ޱȵ䷨Ƕ޷
Ǵ˷ӿĺڰǿѾγһ޴İΧȦǿΧȦ·һ
˭һһâҫڰ֮γɱħӥĺڰŮӰ
ħӥĲ֮ʮСģȴȻڰŮһɱܵĸоڰŮʮΣա
лü΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫǲ٣Ǻڰǿߣڰħŵľų۷弶ǿߡǺڰ֮Уƻ̡ǿǿ֮һֶǵΧԣôǾΣˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼʵ涥𣿶˿ôû
˿ǰ񼶵ǿߣԽ٣˲вŸĶ֡
Ҳʿ˿Ŀֲǿ߷ǰ˿ӵö˿ֵļֵ
˿˰˿ţȻ󽫰˿ŵ׼˿Ůô˿þ޴ĺôпܻ˿ŮΪڰϵ֮һ
лü΢΢һ֮һĨᶨŰ˿ţ˱䣺ǴӵһԨħٵĴŽ¹ڲǸطصԶ˿ٶȣҲҪʱ䡣ˣĿǰ״̬Ű˿׸Ӳ˿׷ɱ¶ģɱɣһǶǶǶõѡ֮˿Ů䣬Ȼо֣
˿΢΢һɫ䣬֮һĨ㣬һ̾л˵ңǾ޷Ѻڰ׷ɱɱҰɣһǶ˵õѡ񡣡
˿֮ǵð˿űһݣӵ޷Ѻڰһǿߵ׷ɱ
һ˿߽׵ǿ߹˸ûһ˿ֵء
ٺ٣ôҲԹ֪ڻûɽˮʱأ
һЦһתͷֱǺڰɭֵķ򼲳۶ȥ˷кڰټֻܹڰɭֵķƶܹܲǽصһЩڰ飬ȡʱ䡣
ˣܵķǺڰɭ֣
һ˿֮ϸĿһᣬһĨ֮ɫȡһͨͨѶħȡȥضЩ˻غڰɭֵ·
ǣ
ͨѶħ֮дӢĽ֮
һХ֮һ·һͷ峤ߴףɫһëʨͷЫβ˫ɢһױϢĴ漶ħ޷Ыʨ
һԾͷħ޷Ыʨ
ͷЫʨĴų򣬴һĨ磬һѸٵķȥ
ͷЫʨǴ漶ħٶҲ쵽˼㣬һСʱʹӺֱ׷һС


329 ͻΧ
һͬһĺɫʸȥ
߼Ť
һָһֲŤȻ֣ڰ֮С
һֻֻɫļʸһŤ֮ϣһһɿ׹أͬһըѿըһӿݵĶѨ
һ紵һͷħ޷Ыʨһڰɭֵĵ·֮ϡ
ɨһ¶һ˿Ц⣺һħʿ˿šйȥĽڱ¸лǺãǲ٣һ°ɣ
л֮һĨ֮ɫ٣ڹȥչ˹ķϣÿ𣿡
һĨײݶһЦлͽѾΰ˿Ů񣬱kʲôʸ˵ץ֮󣬻úõĥ㣬ܾʹ֮ΪƷΰ˿Ů׼㣡Ůһʮָ˵ģ
ڰϵԿֲɱ¾Ѫȡη֧ͽͽǲòηݵkǡͬڰϵ֮Ѫ׼ֶβŻᱻλų⡣
ǺڰϵʵڰϵͱϵˡˣǺڰϵͽһڵ磬ͻ⵽ͽΧˡ
ۺɫͷޱȵ촽Ըзɧջ㣬ֻҪֽŮ˽ҿúһŶҵڰŮֻҪ㽫Ů˽ңŮ棬ұ֤㳢˼伫֡
һؿڣؿڵƤһǰŵĸлһתı밬˿Žһ
˿һŵ˸лŮͨɱȻζü֮Ǻɫųһ˿˿аޱȵĹâ̺죬ֻܹԾ־ֿһһ
΢΢һϴŵĺսһųһɫĹâΪڽһֱ˴ʿ֮
ҪսαأҵֻסǡɲҪսܹɣ
΢΢һЦһµͷЫʨͷЫʨĴ򣬼Ԧһ֮зȥ
ýƻļһ
һֻҪٷɵգȻ󲻶ϵζôͱҪʹúս׵ִʿսӦ
Ŀǰʣúս׵ҲֻܹһСʱҴʿս
һСʱ֮治ôԪĸսˣֻ·һ
ת֮䣬һؿڵĴԪ£һʮףŴۼף˫ͷǣͷ֮һ׵ĵĻеȻ֡
˿ſһȻֵĻеһ֮һĨ֮ɫǴ漶ħޣǵʲôȻܹɻ
漶ħڷλ֮ʮֺҲֻо塢ڰĴŻȦмͷ治һħʿȻӵһͷڷλ漸ѾĴħޣֱƿֲλ֮Уܹɻıʮϡ٣ӵеֱҲ
ˣȻɲ⣡л֮һĨ˷ܵĹâ
ڰһ֮ǿΪ𣬸лڳΪˣʵԽǿԽǸˣԽͬ档
һͷеıͷеһһĵ绡֮С
һžĵ绡춯еͬһųһ㣬֮У˲Ϣ֮䣬һºݺݵײͷЫʨıϣſںݺһҧһڽͷЫʨİֱҧ顣
ٷӦٶȼΪֲǧһ֮ʣֱӴǷЫʨıһԾһ浯ȥһźݺݵȥ
һ·ļ֮ӿ޾·ξһ㣬һȭǲ޳֮ϡ
䣡
һֲ֮ȭȽĵط𣬲ֱͬһԶɶȥֻ΢΢һΣȻϣѾȫռϷ硣
ͷе缫һҧǷЫʨ֮ϣ޴ĲסͷЫʨһͷЫʨͷЫʨҵĽ
ת֮䣬³һħף˲䷢Χһ»һ㼲֮УɵͷЫʨͷ­֮ϣȡѪֶɵرݺһ̡
ѪֶرޱȣҲֻ¡ӵкѪħ֮ѪľżİǿߣӵпֲĹԵֵסرǷЫʨȻʵǿȴֻһͷħޣ޷ֵѪֶررһ´̴˷ЫʨӲͷǣûǷЫʨͷ­棬һʣͷЫʨԽʳ顣
ͷЫʨԽһ飬˼£ͱǻе缫ֱӽʳһ⽴
һͷЫʨʬ˴ָ档
ЫʨǴ漶ħޣɻеսޡѪҲԳ룬ѪʿЫʨѪ
ڴ棬ʿ֪ʶ洦ɼҪΪһʽʿҲûô򵥡˻ͨˡЫʨѪʿҲһѪ
ٳôʱʩչһ쫷䵽˵ϣȻϵʩչļϵҫʧһƬĢ档
ƬĢ濴һۣüͷ΢΢һ塣
Ǽ̵ʱ棬ٵϢѾȫʧ
涯ֶΣųе棬ĢȫǣпҳٵټƾĿǰյķȻѸٵҵĢĲ١
֮䣬ѡͷеźڰɭֵķٷӶȥ
һ¡֮춯еĢַȥϢĢĳħԼֳܡ
ǻеƬĢ֮һӰĢһһԾͬһƬҶһһֻ޴ĢĶǲ١
ԶԶıӰ֮һĨޱȵĹâ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼ򵥣ԶԶһͨħʿҲԽ֣ȡСӲˡһҾų֮λͿ̩ɽ
ʻǻег֮󣬴˵ϡ
ǻеԪ֮滻Ǻħźڰɭֵķƶ
⻷ƣڰޱȵĵ֮УͬһյָơԵħ͸ǿĳƶڵ֮пԳʱƶĽͨߡ


330 ڰɭ
ż
һиոһƬľָǹľ֮Ȼļʸֱȥ
߼Ť
һץһѪֶɵرܣһĬģһָ
һǿŤȻǰ
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һ죬еرһһɿֲľǴ֮д˳崫µͷħ֮ϡ
ͷħֱ屻÷飬ѵħƤ·ɽͷħϾֻһر޷ܴʿĿֲ
ֳֵһѪֶɵĴҲ΢΢һʾ֮Ǵ漶ֵĿ¡
ڰߣ

ڰ壡
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ķͬһֱӺ
󲿷ֵķ֮ϣĿֱֲ顣ЩҲڲϵ
ʿһ۳ֳ֮Ϊʽʿͻ֮⣬һֲκʽʿӵеĻ츳֮һֳ츳ҲʿʵӶǿ
ʿĻҲƻΨļ幥ϵпһƴʿĻ
Ǻս׵ʱ֮ӵ˴ʿĻҲͬʮǿͿֲԵ󲿷ֵĵͼͷԼͬҲᱻǵͼкġ
ֻһˣȫѪĳ츳Щͼǰ˿šлͷԼǻˣŮǻᱻɱ
һؿڵĴԪ£ǻе缫ȻɳһԾе缫ıϡ
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绡ҫһе缫һ·֮УԳԽٵĿֲٶԶȥ
еļʸе缫Ψһ̺Ŵĺɫʸգһ´ǻƻе缫ΧŤݺݵĴͷе缫ĸᴩۼףûʹѪֶɵĳϽװ֮ϡ
䣡
ֻɫļʸһըѿֲǻе缫ը΢΢һ
ڰѼǺڰ֮ǿش֮һǼʸ̺֮źڰһ棬ͻΪֲѪֶǻе缫ȫǿһͿԽǻе缫ش
ҲҲҵ
˫֮âһţһɺޱȵ֮һͣһںϢȻͬһ㣬ǺڰѼķȥ
ǺϢķٶȼΪˣɲ֮ѾٵĢ棬һòޣԸеĺڰ˺ȥ
ӵд漶Ϊĺڰ΢΢ɫ䣬һץֱӽߵһڰץǺϢһ
ΪӵпʿĺڰŮһ±ǺϢɣһޱȵĲҽ֮Ȼֹճ˻ҽ
ӵд漶ΪĺڰǾ͵һܹһֲޱȵĺϢֻվӦһ㣬ֱǿֲĺɫϢһߣǺɫϢͬƹ֮һ㣬ӣѪ⡣
ڰгһתǱϢʴѪֱӹϵеѪֱ¶ɭɭ׹ǡ
ڰɨֱǺϢʴĵط֮ĹâôĸһǿߡȻһͨħʿһϢѾκγҺͲҪ赶ɱˣ
ڰһ֮໥ݺɱûжϾŮ˿ϲľǺڰһɱһΪkԲ̣һ棬ڰһɱǵҲعk֮ڣΪkߡˡūӡ֮⣬ڰһɱҲڰһʵͬʱڲѣ޷kͳΡ
Ƚֻǵһ£ǿֲ֮󣬾ֱӷȫѻĴ㡣
һڰŮߵ˺ʵȴˣǸô죿
ת֮׷
ڰŮӦǣˣ
һֻǧȫźڰħĺڰսʿ׷״Ģ˳ԶԶ׷ȥ
ҲһͷڰħȺ֮ж˿ûйһǰȥ׷Ĵ㡣ʮŴ󲿶жȫġ
ͻ˺ȵ֮һ䵽ϣͻһƥħҹ̣Ǻڰɭֵ֮ȥ
ڰɭλڷλھŲڰɭֳһƬɫħ棬Ǻɫħ֮£ӵкڰӾ츳ĺڰ飬ҲѳʮסһƬɫħʮֿƸַʧȥ˼ħǿڰڰɭ񱻶ֻһ
Ǻڰɭ滹ӵֲħֲഫ漶ڰڰɭ涼Уа񼶵ĺڰӢ۽ڰɭ棬ȴһȥ
͵֮£ڰɭֳΪ˺ڰһĽءκκڰС
һͻ˺һе֮󣬺ܿϵǺڰɭ֮
Ǻڰɭֿһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫǺڰɭ֣
Ǻڰɭ泤޴ĹЩ޴Ĺһ·ᴩһ㣬ᴩ˵ھŲ㣬ŵڰ˲ֱȥ
ҶͬһľҶ١޴ʳ˻ָΣϢӵΣճֲ֦һſž޴Ĺ¡
ƾĿǹ֦֮ϣԼһſɭá
ƾʿֱԸоǺڰɭ֮дһΣϢǿڰɭ֮вҲĿܡ
лǺڰɭһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ˣɱ˰˿Űɣڰɭ̫Σˡڰɭ־˵һΪ֮λħħҪֲĴڵľס֮أǸֲڣҲǵkĶ֡ڰɭ棬п䡣Ľأǽȥʵ̫Σˡ
һĨâѸٵжϣ֮λ黹ҪǿĴڣǾʿϵĿֲڡԣȻڰɭûб֡ôڵʵӦǿϡҲ˵ʿǿڵַ


331 ڰɭ
ʿǲ֮λԿΰĿֲڡǰ˴ʿʳʿҲ۷ǿߡ
˴ʿʳ֮󣬺ܳһʱ棬ʿǲ֮λ֮еǿߣÿһʿӵɽժ¡һλĿֲܡ
ڰʿʳ֮󣬲֮λʿû࣬Ѿһû˵µʿĿǰ֮λ֪ǿֻ߽溣ʿ
һʿϿֲڵַ©һ㱦ҲȫСʿþ޴ĺô
ȻʿַͬΪΣգҲп䡣
ʿǿѾȫѹסĿֲֻǰѹơһʱ򣬻Ҳ޷ѹƣǿֲͻΧĻϣγֲֿ
ʿǿ֮ǰΪɢγɵֲֿ󣬾鶼ɱֲ˼㡣
һᣬʹǺڰɭѰͷʮ֪鼶ǿ߶ĺڰɭ֣鼶ǿһָͷ԰ֻܹǺڰɭΧǺڰɭڲ
˿§һ̾л˵ڰɭ񶼻ηΣսء㻹ǽɱ˰ɡһΰ֮
һЦٺ٣֮걻档ļ͸鶼ʧ󲿷֣ȫʧļ͸鶼ģ㣬𣿡
ͬ˿ǿߵ꣬һع֮ڣûʲôɣһ㶼ᱻϴȥ󲿷ֵļ䣬¹ļ͸飬ȫΪһԽĵߡ
Ҫ֮ǰĸͼ䣬Ҳǰ첻ҪĴʹӵⷨıܹԭ򣬷񶼲ô
˿΢΢һʧô֪ܣ
ֻһСǿȦ˿ҲżȻ֪֮ܡ֪ô֪Զҡڸܡ
΢ЦܶԷλ˵ܣǶԲ֮λսħڵʮ˵ֻǳʶˡλ֮Ϣ֮ϵľ޴ࡣ
߰ɣ
ԥһᣬһҧŰ˿ź͸лһ̤Ǻڰɭ档
һ̤ǺڰɭڣǺڰɭ֮ĿռһޱȵһŹŤĺ֮Ȼ֣¶һޱȵЦݡ
һеıӰȴֱʧͨڰɭڲҶĵ·֮ȴǿһˣ·û˽档
һ̤ڰɭ֮󲻾ãһֻǧźڰħĺڰһΣò޵ĺڰ֮£ڰɭֵ֮ǰͣ
һڰŮսʿͬȺһҫ۵ĺڰǿߵ߹ʵˣǸô
ǺڰɭĿһۣĿһҶɢŸζȴûһӡĺڰɭ֣֮һĨɵ֮ɫţǳ
һڰŮսʿüͷһˣٴͳ׷ӽȥˡҲӦ׷ȥŶԣ
֮һĨɭޱȵɱȴЦ˵еȻҮȣһ׷ټΥ
Үɫ䣬֮һĨ־֮ɫˣ⡭
ڰɭǿ鼶ǿ߽֮ҲĿֲյءҮȲӵʿҵһڰɭ棬Ǿһľ档
һЦ֮ɱһһҮȣѵҪɣ
ҮǲٰڲߵĶӣҪһڵõôõһᣬȻŹ
ĸҲױ޵Χס˴Үȣ֮жһĨɭޱȵɱ
Үҧһʹ޵ǣˣʹ˽ȥ
Ҫĥĥ䣬ȥ
ǣˣ
ڲĴߴ֮£ҮѸٵļĲӣһ˺ڰɭ档
Щڰսʿռ֮вһƬƬޱȵҮȵȺڰսʿһʧ֮ڡǷ·ʲôһ㣬ûгһߡ
ЩڰսʿǼһĻжӿһ񺮣Ҳûڰɭ֡
ҲǧڰսʿӺ󷽸һֱʵôûд˽ȥ
ȻһЦѾ˽ȥ׷ˣȣȻˣôҾͰ׷ɱǷݴøˡ
Ǻڰɭڿһۣ֮һĨɵ֮ɫܵĸоǺڰɭڲĴֲ
ȺȻһЦȻˣҲǺˡ
Ҳ΢΢һЦã
ǽһĺڰսʿǺڰɭ潫ǺڰɭΧס˭Ҳ׵Ľڰɭڲ
ڸʲôҲ׷ôţ
ͳ˧źڰħŵӺ󷽸ҵ˺벨ĺǳ
ˮ©ͳ죬Ѿ˽ڰɭ׷ǡֻҪϢһ˽ȥӦǡ
üͷһ庮ΰ˿Ůµͣ벻ϧһд۽ܡڰɭ棬׷ɱ
һĨâһЦǣͳ죡ڰɭ̫Σգ˺ͲЩֲ㡣ͳһڰɭ֡
ҲһЦûƾǣʵ̫ͳһͬڰɭ֡
֮һĨŭɫȴ˽ȥͽ
һĨâͱ˵ǿɲУǴͳΥ͵Ļ³ֻҲʮֲɣһȥɣͳ죡
ˣһȥ
һȴȻջǷ֣޷ɧĶ˿һĨ绺˽
ĸ
һ˿ɫ䣬ʹͷ
˿ǰ߽׼Ŀֲǿߣ߾ǳǷλ淲ǿ֮һڸлΪͽ֮˺ڰ鼸еȨ
˿˶ȥҲһȥһΣɹץǣһܹð˿Ż뿪硣ͳͳᱻаޡ
ԣһ֮г˿־֮ɫ
аûĺڰаطƳɵĹа޵ַбѪȡֲ˼㣬Ǻڰһ֮ݶ̷֮һ


332 Ӥ
һĨ㣬նǣĸһ߾ȫԲð˿Ż뿪硣
ҪƳаޣȥ˻˿Ů֮һƳаޣÿ춼޾ʹĥ֮Уǲп顣
ȶҲնĸһ᲻ϧһдۣԲð˿Ż뿪硣
Ǻڰħڲٵͳ֮£׷׽˺ڰɭ档
Ǻڰɭַ·һֲޱȵĹǺڰħͳͳɡкڰħŵսʿʧǺڰɭ֮һħȻ֣ǿռ֮¶һޱȵЦݡ
һȺǵkĵطʱû鶼ҽСһȺûĻģ
һڷƷһβһʹӻ֮˳ǺڰɭڵλĿһۣ¶һ˿ЦݣȻ¶һ˼飺ڰһȻ鴫Ů˵ʵǿ̫ˡһΣҼȻλ棬һҪúƷһ£˵֮еĺڰ鵽ʲôζ
ˣ
ʹ˫һһһ֮Уʧ
һĸߴ࣬·һͷһӽ̤Ƭƣһ·һͷ˺ڰɭ档
ûãһ𷢱ۣŻҲԶûǺڰɭ档
һԲͬطǿ߽ӶһûǺڰɭ档

һ̤Ǻڰɭ棬еԼ·һճޱȵŨ档üͷ΢΢һ壬ĸоħ֮ϵѾֱжϡ
ħħŮλ淨Ĵڣ˵鲼λ棬޴ڡʥ¹棬ͬԽħ
ǺڰɭֵŨȻħ֮ϵжϣ˵ڰɭ̺ŵȼħŮ֮ϡ
ҲǷλħʦȫ޷ʹ÷ˡˣʩչ෨Ҳÿ
Ĭģһʩչ0Ϸʦ֣֮͸ķʦֳ֮֮󲻾ãʧüͷ΢΢һ塣
ȻϵԪϵķʩ߾ΪԴģΪģͨޱȵλ淨򣬵Ԫǿ
ǽصħʦʿķŻ˾޴׾پͿɱͬ׵ߡ
λ淨쳣Ԫ쳣ĵطħʦʵͻᱻһʮֿĵز
ʿǻǾϽǿޱȵ
ȫѸٵӦκλʿǿĵط֮һ
棬Բ֮λ棬λ԰ģ
Ȼ֮䣬һ֮ϣһӤףһӤ֮зޱȵЦ
ô
о΢΢һɿ־ɱӿͷ
Ӳ֮λλ棬֮һܷλ˶֪һ֪Բ֮λ棬ڷλһжһ
лѾԼʧȥͬʱ˿ŮҲ޷ͨʲô
˿ȴǾͽŷֻҪĿϣһͻ֪һС
ֻڰ˿ŷĿ֮ǰɱȻٵ䣬ܹһ˿
棬Ե򣡣
̾Ǵ̳еĿƼ

һӤЦģͲϵźţ־屻˷ֵһ˵˳
Ҫ˵ˣȺ
˫۳죬һĨ֮ɫһ˿˿ѪĹâ˫֮УһֲŭХ֮Ҫֱӳȥһڴ֮ϵӤһһɷ顣
ܾϵʴ̼Ʒ
һɾʹʱʶ֮дüʹޱȵıͷڵĴ
Χδ⵽ֻĻþղ˻ĵȼ弶־ϵ̫죬ڵĺѪ޷ȫӰ졣
һϢһ˫֮
΢΢һ亹ֱԭ˻ù죡ҵĺѪȻûзӦֻ̫ˣ
Ϲź߾ľϵӵϹźѪҲߵĴ󲿷ֵľϵھȻǾϵʴǸϵ֮ǿλ֮ߣֱš
һӤ׵ĴϸһֻǳӤ׵Ĵ֮£һʬǣͷѻǸҶ֮ϣγһֹ졢ֲľ
һ̵ɢǴΧͨǿһӽǹľͻ˲䱻ǳݵٹᴩ
ɫһ±ʮѿһ۾ϳֹ׳ֲӤӤͷŵľϵ鶼пܻڲ֪бԻ󡣡
ԲҲģû취ˣȥȣ
ĸл޵ˮ˫֮£岻ϵĲţҽС
˿Ҳ汳󲻶ϵĲţһʹͿ־塣ܴأ᲻һ˿ͽشˡ
֮䣬һʩչ츳ļϢֱſһ磬һſֲޱȵϢĿ˲ǹޱȵӤ֮ϡ
ǿֲϢһǿӤ֮ϣڵĻһ½ǿӤֱɡӤһ·ޱȣͬӤ֮һ㣬ڵµٷڣȥ
ӶеĳҫûؽӰһʣӤ׷׶ѣͬѪһҺǶѵĲλء
ͬһʱ䣬Ǻɫħ֮УһӤޱȵĲҽ֮
Ӥҽ֮һĽ಻ϵɶţγһɹޱȵԼϵĸл˿ϡ
ֻؿһƣһȣһѪֱ˳ɫò԰ޱȡ
һɹԴѪҺһ´ıϣȻ˿Լл˶˲ᡣ
һҧֱһһ*ɫħȻֱ֡һħ档
һħ棬Ǵ̶Ӥ֮һ½ࡣ
ħһǣϵΪħħʯֻӵгħʯħֵܹӤϢľ񹥻͹Х
һűϢеӤʹУţջǱϢ֮ȫɣһƬҽ
Ӥľ񹥻Ϣʤ鼶ǿвҲСıȴη棬һϢܹճɻҡ


333 ˿Ϯ
඼ӵ㡣еĳǿȴ޴еĳη棬еĳη⣬еĳηˮѰҵЩ㣬ôͿԺʤǿսʤǡ
֮λʿ֮λ棬Ϊʿλ֪ʶγʿصϵ۴ʲôĶӻ棬ɥʧս
һЩλ棬ԪңĵطħʦרħСޱȡʿȴȻӵпȳǿʡ
ħ棬Ԫصַ޷ʩչԪϵʿôʩչֻܹƾԼǿսѪʿ˵ȫԼѪʩչ츳
ͷӤմ֮һħ档
濴ŸлѸٵʵڰɭʮΣգǾȴȫָ֮취ȥʲôʱָܹ񼶵Ϊл
ǺڰɭֵΧѾӤĿֲڣǺڰɭ֪ʲôֲĴڡ滹ûԴΪڵԼܹñЩǸá
лһһ̾УͻưԴ˿Ů˿ŮҵһңҴ㹻Ҽʹָ֮ҲֻܹΪһ漶ս
ԽǿְߣǾԽܵʴҲԽءлʧȥ˿Ůľ֮ûѾʮˡҪָ񼶵ΪǼΪѡ
Ǿ͵ָ漶ս֮취뿪
ӹһĨƣ֮ɫȡƿħҩһ¹ԼԼлŮĿпʼĿ񣬻ָԼ;
лħҩ֮Ҳ˫ۣ߶޸Լ֫
˿ǳճյĿ棬ü֮ǹâһЩȻƬħͬҲӵǿѹá
ʱţʱת˲ţ˾͹ССħ棬·ʯһ㣬һ
죬Ȼ˫ۣһһħƤ˿ԼлŮֱӾ𣬷ɵı
ħҲһ±͸˿Դֱӿľ
˿ŮǱѩŮˣһٴеģһԼµࡣ
˿Ž㣬㾹Ȼҷ˲ٹҵأ
һһ㣬ջԸ˵ĽһԴǷ֣Ըе˼ĺڰĸ˿Ц˹
ڶ˿߸ޱȵĺڰǲ١ȡˡ
˿֮һȾ·Σصĺڰɭߣͥɢһ㡣
Ůǻã˺ۣ˲ᡣ
ڰħŵĺڰŮսʿѾʧ
ħ棬濴ȥһ۾Ϳ˶˿ЦЦ飬ĿҲѾӳ˸߼ħ֮ϡ
΢΢һΣħֱ֮ӳֱŶ˿תͷ
˿¶һޱȵЦݣ֮г˼ã˿Ž㣬Ůˣ¡ڵӻҡ˵˿֮ǣǻǿ˿֮Ů񶼻Ϊ¼ĸһ뵽ǵ֮˿Žһͷ¼ĸҾ˵أ
¹㳡һս˿лǿΧ˿ţȻǰ˿ŵĶ֡һսö˿԰˿ų˼ʡһ뵽ȥΪĵ˺Ͷ֣Ҫ䵽ײ㣬͸е˵úʹ졣
˿ˢһ±ò԰ޱȣҧ
˿¶һèϷ飬һЦޱȵ˿Ž㣬ĺˡҿɲ˺ȵϵ˿֮ȫ֮ҾͻһٸˣȻħҲСǺúȻڽħӰͻǾһ壬һǳȤ
˿ɫ԰ףҧ˿ǵˣɱҲˣαҪ˶񶾣
˿ӹһĨȻǷֵ֮¶һ˿֮ɫΪǺڰ鰡񶾡ƻ̲ǺڰıԲֻ񶾡ƻ̵ˣŻΰŮ
ڰһ֮оΪпᣬΪܹλ伫ıѡɱ¾ᴩÿһڰ߲λʷ˿Ϊ˵ϴĸıͬʬۡ
˿Σ·˶ȻһЦŮ˽ҰɣֻҪǽңҲ֤İȫһúŮˣһǾɫŮ˴һǺڰĺڰ̻ǰνڣŮ棬Ҳûйϵ
ֻҪ㽫Ů׸ңô֮⣬ڰһŮˣֻҪ㿴ĸҾͰ͸ú档ôǺڰһˣһʮϡٵĴŮŶ
˿һץߵĲıץСһָ˲ٵϣٽһ̺죬¶һޱȵ飬ŤһĽɢž˵Ȼ
һĨ֮߳ɫȴ᲻һ˿赲˿ж
滺ջ
˿֮һĨһ̾
л鹾ת֪ʲô
˿ƳһۣһĨ֮ɫ˵ףҲ̶ֳֻȡ
һЦ˫֮ޱȵĹâ޼ɵڶ˿Ҫƶ˱ȽϲץŻҸ˷ܣҶ˿ҾãҲץҵĳһǳ˼
˿ӣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һֱϴЦĶ˿֮һĨâһ̾һΪһˡڿҲһˣȻȥɣ
ڶ˿˵ͬʱȻӤȺڵķλȥ
ûõģ˿ȻһЦָһ㣬һޱȵķָȻʧ
ҵˣĻ޷ʩҵʵǵôֻһ
˿¶һֵЦݣƮȻǰ̤һһ¿Խ׵ľ룬һ³Ʋһ˿̻֮ͷȥ
һӤʮֹĳΧĴ֮ϣһ˿ڵЦ֮ȻƬ֮
˿֮һĨã֮ɫ΢΢һͣԭء


334 ǻԭ
ܾϵʴ̼Ʒ
漴ʧӤľ֮ʱһʹʶ֮ڶһҧԶȥ
⼸棬ҲʲôûǷų˴ĻеӤȺ֮Ѱҵһ·
һ·֮ߣȻȻܵӤȺľ񹥻ȴܵϵĹ
Ƭ֮УӤɰǧûôһٶϢ
һޱȵЦ֮ӤȺ֮вϵĴ
ÿһЦ֮ʶ֮оʹʹһΡ
ʹ֮Уҧأ·֮һ·ۡ
䣡䣡
Ȼ֮䣬һӤĲҽӤȺֲ֮γһɣź󷽺ȥ
ź󷽿һۣĬĬ𣿲֪һս˭ʤ˭
˿ǰ߽׵Ŀֲǿߣ磬ԽԪʩչǿķȫ׾ٵûϵݻӤȺڰɭ棬ÿһԼǰ񼶵ǿߣûʲôǿıƾԼҲԻٵӤȺ
һһƬӤȺһƬһŨŨʬζ಻ĺǻԭǰ
һȺȺɸֺӶɣһԹԦһ쫷ĹﺡħѻǺȺ֮вϷ衣
ħѻǿһĲʿɢݳǿϢγɵĹͲ
⺡ħѻһֲֻ̫һƬǻԭ֮УǺħѻȴ飬·նڸסˡ
һһ̤Ƭǻԭĺħѻ·ŵһ㣬Ĵųͬһһ߷
ɫ䣬һؿڵĴԪ£һ߸ߴʮף֮ĺʯħȻǰһԾŰ˿ֱǺʯħǻ֮ڡ
һߺʯħħһһ·˸߼Ϣڱ⻯
˵ϢһȫڸסǺʯħҲһתһ߾޴ޱȵľá
յĺħѻһʧȥĿ꣬Ǻʯħ仯γɵľ֮ϲϵ
ມħѻֱӽͷʯħ仯γɵľ֮ϣ·Ϣһ㡣
֮ǰڵλһ±ħѻռݡͨǺʯħ⿴ȥ˿ԿĺħѻѾΧռݣĺħѻȫԽܼ־֢ŵð
˿ſħѻҲͷƤ΢΢顣ȫʢʵǿֲĺħѻȺҲֻ˱һ;߾ȫսǿҲ
Ǻǻԭ֮УȻһҵĲһͷþӶɣͷ­ȴǶһžͷǣʮףÿһͷ¶ͬһ㾧Өĺħѻ޾ĺ֮жȻɳ
һɿǿʿĿֲѹǾ޴ĺħѻ֮ɢͷħѻɢĿֲȵİ˿ŻҪǿü
Ǻʯħ֮ڵһͷֲĺħѻɫȻ䣬Ĭ
⺡ǻԭ棬㵱ȫʢʱڵİ˿ǰ˵أҲδͷǿʿĺħѻ֡
濴ͷǿʿĺħѻһĨ֮ɫÿµļһڰɭյ˵ǿʲôزkɢݶһ˿ΧȻᵮ˿ֲĹ
£
ͷǿʿĺħѻȻſ죬һ˫۶֮ȼİޱȵ棬һޱȵļХ֮
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£
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һǹޱȵĽȻһޱȵһȫܿƣʶ֮ڵ֮Ҳ΢΢һ
ܵ𵴣Ŀǰǿȷʮ֮֮ѣжԴ
ǺʯħڲѸٵķָγһƬղ㣬ֱжϡ
ȫʧŸоԼƿ塣
һʪĸоԼϴһĨ֮ϾѪҺ
濴еѪҺüͷ壬һĨɵ֮ɫΣգһ㣬ˣһòף޻֮ڰɭ̫Σˡ
ǺǻԭǺڰɭֵΧǿʿĺħѻȻͨ弶ĳԤϡ
ֲоƬҴźսףϢͷǿʿĺħѻʩչ֮¡
Ȼ֮䣬һǿޱȵϢӺ󷽴˿˺ۣӲĴӤȺ˳
˿ոմӤȺ֮ӳǹɿĹֱӺ֮ϣһ𵴣һվԭأ֮¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫһ˿˿ڰ֮
λͨΪħǿͬطڰһΪڰѪΪѪܡΪ֮֮λʿǱΪ
ʱƣ˿߿׻ѪҺһ˿˿޺ѪҺ֮ʣ·һֻ֮Ů֮лŴֲ
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ͷǿʿħѻȻһһͷǺǶ档
ħѻȻͷǿʿħѻȥγһƬǺ
һޱȵĻɫϢǺڰɭ滺ǻɫϢһӴЩħѻЩħѻֱӱʧȥϢһǺɢء
ɲ֮䣬ǻɫϢһ´Ǻʯħ֮ϣǺʯħ֮ϸֱַӱ
ǻɫϢǺʯħװףû˼ʻ棬һһĸоһɨ
˿űǻɫϢһͷ֮ӡһҫ·Ҫʧһ㣬ձ޹⡣ʱࡣ
лȴûκηӦ
ֱƿǺʯħؿڣǺʯħһӳֳֳǹԶĶ˿۶˰
һſųȻ˶˿֮ϡ
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˿һ··һɽѹסһ㣬ֱͬһֻѹһ㣬ѹſ˵ϡ
һţʩչϢһſֲϢȻһŶ˿ֱӺȥ
Ȼǰ񼶵ǿߣһϢ壬Ҳܵش


335 ɫ
˿һħףһռ֮ӿϣ˲ԭʧ˺˰֮⡣
ʱٵǿҲѪӤȺ֮˳
ƲһΣһڹźڰɭڲȥ
˿Ȼ˲ᣬϾǰ߽׵ǿߣֻҪ΢ָһĶ֡
˿֮һĨԹ֮ɫһһôĵӣȻҶҳ֣һҪ׽㣬ȻúüʶһǺڰһǧʮ̷
ڶ˿УֻʿΪֱͬһĴڡеСϾȻоܵðŭ
˿ȻŭޱȣȴȻûðաȡƿħҩһڹ£תڰһɫĹâ֮ڣָԼԼĵ
˿һʮֽսʤ֣Ƕڰĸԭ֮һ
ڰɭΣأ˿ǺħѻȺ֮£Ǻڰɭӵ鶼ĴΣգ˿ȻԼ״̬ʱ档
ƬǻԭһƬ飬ûһͨһеǰ
Ƭеľһޱȵͷ­оͷ­ͷħͷ­۾ħͷ­ͬһǴ֮£һɭ졢ֲĸо
ǳֲͷħֲвҲᱻЩͷħնͷ­
һһſųͬͷ­ĹľͷƤһ飬һĨ𺧺Ϳ־塣
ͷħֲһּΪΣյĿֲħǲͨĳֲֻǾĵȴϹһԵͻȡЩľѪԼֻʣһͷ­Ƕ档
ͷħһӵͷ­ӵƶһӵвֱɵѪ
˵֮еڶʿʳʿʵ۽֮ǲͷħԣһоѪʿĽϵ
ͷħΨһ»𣬲ٿͷħγɵħֻ֣¸ոһϢͻᱻЩͷħֱ̳Ե
ԣЩͷħûѵ˵ΪǹɻɫϢ
Ȼ΢΢һ뵽ЩػɫϢ֮бĺħѻȺ
ԥһᣬҧֱӱŰ˿ųͷħ֮ڣԶȥ
һſͷħǶŵͷ­˫񣬻ûһ˿ƾ洩Ƭ֡
Ƭͷħ֮һƬޱߣһ߼ʵɳĮǰ
·ӲӵɳӹɵɳĮĿһۣƾʿ֪ɳĮײ̺Ŵֲ
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һԾе缫ı
׹⻷ƣǻе缫һ⣬ɳĮȥ
ǻе缫ԴڵľԼˮ޷ԪӰҲ
ƬޱȵɳĮ֮һƬ鲼ֲֲֳֿһеǰ
Ƭ鲼ֲֲֿ֮һֽһƬҽصĺޱȣɽһΣոоľյء
洩Щʱƾʿĳ֪ܹоһЩֲĴһ޷֪ĵطһĿϡ
װ˿ûвЩֲĴڣӲͷƤѸٵǰţҺˡ
һƬĳֲ֮һ幫ɢһ˿˿ڤϢĺӰ֮һ޴ĶѨ֮ӿ˽һٶ֮󣬹ʧĺһ˵Уһеǰ
һĺˮǻɫģһ˿˿صĻɫϢǺ֮
֮ϣһֻãֻһֻɫľС
Ǻ֮ǰüͷ΢΢һ塣Լĸоǻɫĺ֮Ŵֲ
ԥһᣬһһƤֽСһһƤֽƤֽâһ仯γһֻȸĴųǻɫĺԶȥ
ֻȸոշɵǻɫĺϷ·ʲôɿܵĿֲһ㣬ֱ׹䵽ǻɫĺ棬ȫϾ֮ϵ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ָһֻֻӥѡϵ׷׷ɳԶȥ
еոһɵǻɫĺϷһص֮£һͷɫĺ棬ϵֱжϡ
һᣬȡһƤֽĬģһףһƤֽӭǣһʮ׵ľǻɫĺ֮ϡ
һľһ䵽ǻɫĺ֮ϣǻɫϢʴһĳûǻɫĺ֮ڡ
ùĺҪɺӣֻܹʹˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬̤ʵأ̤С
һ÷·ʱɢܵĻɫС֮Ȼˮ֮ϣûκ³ĺۼ
һĻ˿һֻľʼ
ľһɫСһǻɫĺһɹֲѹɢ
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ǻɫŵĿֲͨĿֲ
ǹֲѹһǻɫľ֮һųһɫĹâ·һѹǿֲѹʧ
ⶫû뵽Ȼһ
һ±亹ץֻɫľ˺һᣬĹâ
ǻɫľôʹʲôʣҲȫʲôĵطǸղͷųһɫĹâ֪ɫľ̺˿ֲ
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飡
һöԪֱӱըѿ·ɽ
·ܵʲô̼һ㣬ǻɫľ޷Զȴᶨǻɫһȥ
ıȻôױȡ
濴ǻɫľһĨϧ֮ɫתͷԶȥ
ɹĻɫԶһƣ·֧أޱȵĹһеǰ
һ貵ĹâһޱȵĹӳĵ÷·˵֮Ǿסһ㡣
ȻнˣôҲֻܹȥˣ
濴ȻֵĹüͷ΢΢һ壬ȻɿһĨᶨ֮ɫǹȥ


336 ɱض
ǹĴ֮ǰǹһг𺳡
ֻǾ޴Ĺ֮⣬Ƕǿ󳬷׼гʼ׼̫˵׼Ԩħ׼ǿ׼ߵȾ׼ͷħ׼ʼʯ׼ȵȿֲĴ׼
һ棬鲼ǿڵ׼Щǿڵ׼Ϊһ壬Ȼ˲֪꣬Ȼɢſֲѹ
涢һʮ׾޴ĳʼ׼һĨâ
ǳʼ̺ռܹǳʼ׼óоôлͻѪûз֮ǰͿӵ鼶Ŀֲս
ʼλ֮ҲѾʮټÿһͷʼ϶ӵо춯ΪĴҪǵѪ֯ʮֵѡ
ʼ׼õ֮λȥпܿԻһŵҵλ档
һᣬȡһƤָֽһһƤֱֽӱ仯γһͷħӥĴųͷʼ׼ڵλ÷ȥ
һͷħӥոշɵͷʼ׼Լʮ׵ľһ̺ſֲĻɫâ֣Ѹٵըѿ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ǽ磬ǿĽ磡粻ܹĴڡ
ĬģԼ˫һָʩչ˷һɵɫâ˫֮ϡ
˫Ǿ޴ĹȥֻǹΧȫһǿֲĽ磬ΨǹĴûбǽ縲ǡ
ǹĴվһͷ­ֱͷͷħͷ°壬ֳһꪣߴ׵ʯ
ڵˣǴ˵֮в֮λ֮סĹ
һ̾Ϣ֮һĿ࣬˳ëħƵ˹Ǽ乬г˷ܡ
֮ڶʿʳʿʵۣ
һ𣬿κˡ
֮ǲ֮λǿʿ֮һڵk֮֮꣬λΧзֵλͳͳǵkءkһûκ˸ҷѪʿ֮·Ҳǽ֮ٶȻǲ֮λͨ۷֮һ
ҵ治ڽ֮Ĺ֮ǰֻܹֻﻹƽ顣ˣ
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Ƿ·һ˫֮һĨޱȵĹâϵħһһɿȴʿĿֲѹ֮дҲȻһͣһͷߴףצһ׵Ŀֲܡ
ͼ࣬㵽ڤ磬úüסɱˣԺλİضǣ
ͷֲȻ˫֮ײĹâӶצֱȥ
ֻ㣡
кâһţϵĺս׹âҫǿǺս֮ԴԴϵĹעڡһ·ļ֮·ΪһͷֲξȻһȭͷֲצ֮ϡ
ǿֲľ֮£ضֱӱһȭɣʮ
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ضϢ֮зţһᣬŻһѻҽʧ
˿֮һĨ֮ɫǵģЩλͻײУ
浭һЦûж˵ʲô
ܹλеǿҲǴʿǿߣЩǿ߲ǴӲ֮λĸߵλ潵٣ǵ͵λ澭ɱһ··̤۷ǿߡ
ǿǰλ棬λǻͬȵĴڡʿʵǴʿǿǰҲζûбӵʸ
Ȥʹõô˵֮ȣֲÿħ˫ޣ
һĿ࣬ͷһƣһִɫβͣΪ׳Ӵһ˳棬һЦ
˿֮һĨ𺧻ǻ已ػ߽
ɨ˰˿һۣһĨʧ֮ɫһ̾˿ţǻǵһμ档ħӰ֮УѾˡڿǱȻҪŰѪػ̫ʧˡһΪλķֻʸΪҵŮˣʧ̫ʧˣ
˿ѵ˵۹֮һڷػߡҲӵа񼶵ĿֲʵǷλ淲ǿ֮һ
񼶵ǿǷλ淲֮ǿĴڣڰһڷԭҲֻж˿л񼶵ǿߡ
еİ˿ŽңȻȥҿԸһ·֮ءҲ֮ĳѪᣬ˵ǶҪ
ĿĶ棬һɰ񼶵Ŀֲѹ֮ϯȥ
ǰ߽׵ĿֲѹѹȵЩ
ʮֱǸ˿ҵøҺ𣿵ȻǺڰ̻ǰνڸлһĺڰ鴦Ů
һʴǵ֮У˿ϴŷֵЦݣһҡƮ
һǷֵĶ˿Ŀ֮һĨ֮ɫˬһЦһɧŮˣǺڰһĴĸҲԸϼ죬ҾʹӦ˰˿ٰ֮㡣Ҳȥ׼漸죬Ҳûйϵ
˿ŽһۣһЦãǾ˵ˣ
ɨ˶˿ǿһۣһĨ֮ɫһΣǾ޴Ĺ֮ȥ
ƽԲ³çǹڳȥǶ˿߽׵ǿһ֣һ˿ʤ㶼ûС
˿ǿҲֻһϷʵĿ棬Ŀڹ֮ʯһۣһĨɵ֮ɫҲ浱̽ĵߡ
һʯֻʮ׵֮һѪɫĹâǹϷ䣬һʯ֮ϡ
꣡꣡
һ֮£һʯ֮ʯһİ䣬¶һͷ­ֱͷͷħͷ°壬ֳһꪣߴףɢųԽֲѹĹ
ʯ֮еĹһѣ˫֮һĨɱѪɫĹ˫֮һϡ


337 
漸Ǻ޷֮ͱɫĹâˢ壬һɿֲ׵ѹ֮£޷ƶԼ֣·˵ʱ䶼ֹסһ㣬ֻʣ˼ά
ֲ֮оƬ֮ϵҲȫжϡͬһһ㾲վԭء
˿ǿ΢һӦͷɢ÷׷³һѪˡ
˿֮г𺧺Ϳ־֮ɫÿֲĹʵֻ±˿ŮҪǿ󣡣
ͷĹϵĿֲѹһɢΧĿռ֮Уһһڸ䣬Բͬλǿ߷׷ֳΣȴ֮ζ
Ƭƽԭ֮Уһ¶ʮԲͬλǿߡ
˿ûһ˿仯ֻĿһɫ԰ף·ǧ궼ûм⣬һɫͳװòῡޱȣ˫֮ȴд˲ɣŲʵϡ
Ŀһòªͷ϶һֻŹĶǣĿ࣬˫۳죬ſڵǿϡ
ʮԲͬλǿ֮УҲֻǿ߸˶˿һʮΣյĸо
ǽ֮ߣ
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ڳλǿһĿɿڴԼ۾Щ۵˵صǿ߶Դ˵йһ۰צ˽⣬Ȼ⹬ǶôֲôǿĴڡѡеߵǿҲǵ֮Уǿ߾Ȼǰֱš
꣡꣡
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ϣҽȥ
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סĴʿλǿһɫĹâǵƽֱӷȥ
һɫĽǴʿλǿȫӡ޷ֻܹǻƽȥ
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ʿλǿ߷һޱȵĲҽУȻֱӻɻңƮɢ
ͼ
ߵͷ­֮Уħͷ­һ̧ͷ˫ĶǵλǿߣɫĹâӵk˫֮
һֻǵλǿһŭХȻǴ󣬱ΪһߴףͨڣźɫӨ⣬һͷʹɵ弶ﰢܶǾħԳ
ܶǾħԳλλ֮еһֶǾħԳİܶǾħԳӵпǿʿĿֲǿħԳԲɱ顣ǾҲ˿塣
˫֮ɫâһǰܶǾħԳϣһ˲䣬ͷڵİܶǾħԳһȻɻңƮɢ
ɫĹâһգûͷǰ˫
һĻǹƽԭ֮ڣɫ䣬жһĨ־𺧡
˿Լòɫ԰׵˶ͬɫ䣬һĨ־ͼɵ֮ɫ
ͷܶǾħԳ˿ͬһǿߣ˿ҪսʤͷܶǾħԳҲҪǧϡ
һͽܶǾħԳɻңô˿ǿڵkУҲͬһͿɱϰˡ
۾΢΢һֱʹ÷ĬĬĴߣܹɱ𣿡
𾴵Ŀˣ˵ҵְֻػţ˽ȥҽֻܹܹ顣˵޷Υ
Ǳ֮дһ
Щϧһֱ̤̾ǻƽ档
һȻƽֱ̤֮ӹرա
һƬޱȵƽԭ֮УЩԲͬλǿ߿̤Ȼƽ֮һ˫ۼʵ÷񣬲ȴΪ
ԭڱҵˣ
һֺ꣬޴Ȼ֮һޱȵĹâƬڰɭ棬ǺڰɭϿյħһһɢ
һֻ·Խͳͳץסɴâγɵľִ޾貵Ĺâ֮ƽ𹬵ݺһץ
ã鼶ϵĹ֣Ѿܹ漰򣡣һβһ󵶣ϴ˵ʵɫ䣬һȡһƬɫҶӡ
һƬɫҶһųһɫĹâǱ󵶵֣ԭʧ
ǻƽ𹬵֮ϣǶŵֲһͷ­·һ»˹һ㣬ÿһɢųԽ鼶ĿֲһǵĿγһɣ֮һֱֻӺȥ
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һ춯صľ֮Уһֲĳ˷ɢȥ
ʮλǿǿֲޱȵĳϯ֮£ֱʵǿ߻ɻҡ
˿Լɫ԰׵αˣѸٵԶƽ𹬵
ǿֲ֮£ƬƬѪ֮׹䣬·һƬѪһ㣬ɢأȻǻƽ𹬵ɡ
ǸֲƬ֮лص֮ʷǿ֮һkˣĶȻô֣˹׸ꡢĪϣš˹ǼҪһ̵ôǾһɢҲˡ
ƥŶǣ̤һʥâɢǿʿ۷弶ֲʥһ޾ʥâ֣·һʥ̫֮֮߳С
һʥǿĹâء
ϵĹ
˿ɫ䣬αˣϵĻڰǹâһգȵϵš
˿ڰߣվڹ˹߶ᱻܿվΪҽ


338 齵
֮䶸Ȼһֲޱȵս֮
ǿֲս֮һڳĶʮλǿ඼˲һȻһĽڲϵ
ǶʮλĴ漶ǿʩչʲôط޷ƣڵѪҺԾһĽ
һžŸͷ­ʮףӡŹģɢ»ʿֲľͷһʹǶɵսһƬ֮дս֮ϣһѪɫս֮޷ս֮ϵĴڡ
һսǹԣ¡¡ս֮ޱȵĹâֽȻͬĿֲƬ֮лص
ǶʮλĴ漶ǿһѪڣһůĹâҫ֮²ϵĻָ
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ǹս֮ȻͣЪʮʵλ洫漶ǿһ¹ͣըѿ
ǲдʮλ洫漶ǿҲһɫ԰ף֮еսг˿־֮ɫ
ЩλǱλĴ漶ǿһǱλ֮еţǽλ֮Уλ֮Сڿ֮սԼ֪λֲ֮ǿжôǿ
һʥĽҶͬһԴ֮ƮһͬһСĽҶ֮ϳĻ䣬γһ˵Ļ֮СݣС֮ڵȫڵţǻ֮С֮Ʈ
һֻżͷľͷʨһʯݻ֮߳ݻ֮ϣһһʨһʨβĿ׳ɢһɿֲʨǿߡʨǿ߻§ľɫŮ棬˿ûй˼ΧĿ⡣
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һǿʨǿߣɫ䣬һ¹˵ϹĿͷ
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ԭ㣬ǣΣգСһܹŵĵطȥɣ˹ĵɨ˽һۣһһɫ˽ϡ
һɲ֮䣬ǽԭʧ
ǽʧڳʮ漶ǿһһĨĽ֮ɫǶȫ޷ֻҪ춯ͻΪ֮ĴǿϢսƷ
˿ҲվԵڵϣɪɪǫ
ǰ˱뱣ǫҲȷдԼ֮Сһơ飬ôȨ֣ɱ
ս֮ϴһױս⣺˹սһɡþûк㽻ˣѾʮ˰ɣ㵽׽˶٣
սΧս֮¡¡һ˿˿ս֮ս֮л
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ʥĹ֮дһϸ߸ϵ׸꣬ͷţĪϣš˹һԿšһеkһԿӡڰϵһûһսȽ˽֮ȥǽһսˣ
֮սǩԼ֮һ㶼ֻڸսǰǽս
ڷս΢սನԼӿƣ׾پܹٵһС
ߣܾ֮֮ǰѾˡҲ壡ÿɣǽȥǵĶֻ֣Ҫÿ·ϵԸֳ㹻ͽȼֱӷ񣬳Ϊϵ֮еһԱ߸ϣ࣡
ǹʥֵ֮Уϵ˹
һ·ʮ漶ǿ߰˿жһĨĽ֮ɫ
ڷλΪ߸ϵ飬Щǿ߲ϧλ洩ԽĿꡣ
һ񣬾ʶþ޴ɱ䣬һٳԽҲӵ
ǲ֮λʿҲǿΪ˻øãøƾõѡ뿪֮λ棬ǰ͵λֱӷ񣬽Ϊ顣
ÿһλöΪǿΪһλԼһС
Ҿܾ˵ұػ´Ҿ뿪
ֳꪣӵͷ­ħְȻվǻƽ֮ǰ֮еĹ˹Ų־
ǹʥֵ֮Уϵ˹Ȼڤ粻飬Ǿȥɣ
֮УĴǿڵλöһɿֲȴûеһ֣˽֮С
߱Ͼǽ֮Ŀֲڣ˭Ҳ֪kӵжôǿʵĴǿ֮ϵޱȣ˭Ըȳ֣˼ˡ
ȳ֣ĸɣҪǲԸ֣ôҲٳˣ
Ǹص΢΢һ̾һִֻ·Ļƽ𹬵ݺһץ
ǿֲľǰһɻ۵Ļƽ𹬵·һһ㣬·ʱпܱǿ־һץ
󵨣Ȼð˵Ĺ㣬
ֻ۾һԲɣһŭֳȻԾһֲֻꪴ֮ϣһޱȵѪɫâ֮бַֻնȥ
㾹ȻնһֱۣһҪɱ㣡
һŭޱȵĲҽ֮һֲֻľֶʱһΪըѿѪء
ǻƽ𹬵֮Ƕŵͷ­һſѪڷһѪͳͳһա
ͬһʱ䣬ʥĹ֮Уһӿ޾Ĺâһҫһƽ𹬵档
һƽ𹬵ʱһͷ­һ˫ۣЩֲڵ˫̺֮޾ѪɫâӵkǵĿһһѪɫĹâǹâ֮ϣǹâʴ
һɫ̺޾Ȼ֮ļʸȻǽҶϵĻ֮С
Ȼ֮ǾĪϣյǿ
ƾǹĪȻֻ֮һǿػľܹΪλĴ۹֮һͬǿûԸĪϣŵȻ֮
Ϣ֮䣬ߵؿڱ㱻ֱӹᴩһ󶴣Ȼ֮ڵkǻ֮лصһŵkڷţͬһŵk۾ȥ
໣
һѪһ춯صĺ֮һѪɫӵk֮Ȼڵkϵͳͳή
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ǻƽ𹬵֮УһһѪɫĹâûߵڣõkڽ
ֻ۾һתһڻ֮СľĪϣš


339 ֲ
һѪɫĹâһߵϣk˲ԭʧǽҶ֮ǰӶѪɫǽҶȥ
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Ѫɫһ˲ֱӴǽҶ档
ƬɫѪǽҶ֮ɢء
һһͷɫһݻɫҶףΣ˫弸¶Өӵоգʸ߹ޱȣȰ˿ŻҪֵľ˴ǽҶ֮зɳһ޴ѪƬɫѪĸѪء
һش˾Īϣţͬʱһ
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һŭХһɿֲѪɫâӵk֮б˲һ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮףŽɫƬͷžŸͷľͷԶŻƽ
һɺޱߵĿֲѹӾͷԶŻƽ֮дӵkľŸͷ֮һԶϢĴǿȥ
ʥ֮ųâһԶϢһâľ֮£һԶϢûʥʧ
˹һʨצһԶϢ֮ϣ˺ѿռ䣬һԶϢֱӷ˿ռѷ֮ڡ
׸ֳɫս֮һնԶϢ֮ϣԶϢһն顣
ԶϢͬһĪϣźȥ
Īϣ΢΢ɫ䣬һҧһӣһɫȻ˵k֮ϣһ̵Ȼ֮ˮȻ֮зɳԶϢһ
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ѪɫϢ֮һ̶£ᴩǱ̵Ȼ֮ˮͬһ̴Īϣŵ壬Īϣһ¹ᴩ˵ϡ
һ˿˿Ѫɫĸʴ֮ѸٵĪϣɢȥ
Īϣɫ䣬һָ
֮Уһ޴ĿȻѿǾ޴Ŀ棬¶һдУȻϢӵȻ
Ȼ֮УһɫȻͬһ֮ӿûĪϣŵڡ
ǴĪϣŸѪɫҲͬһĿֲȻֱɡ
Ȼ֮ڣľ·Ӧʲôһ㣬˵ϣġ
һͬһԶԶϵĹעĪϣ֮ڣkϵѸٵ޸
֮Լǵͬ޵еĴڣΪkǿ֮ԴԴϵ־սûмִܹȵ鼶ǿߡ
ǽ֮ľ㾹Ȼ￪޴֮
һЦֳѪɫŰ֮еӰһָ
ڹ֮ǰĻɫȻ緢һɫĺˮ𣬷·ᴩһ㣬ûĪϣŵȻ֮ڡ
ĪϣȻ֮ڣһǿľ鱻ǻɫĺˮһˢɫ䣬׷״֮׹䣬ǻɫĺˮ֮С
ڤӣԲڤӣ
ĪϣɫȻʧеͬʱָһ㣬Ȼȫպ
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֮ڣ֮⣬κδֻҪڤ֮ˮմһ˿ͻֱӴ׹䵽ڤ档
Īϣǿ飬ǵkķѾ޴֣ÿβܹһڤ֮ˮеľ顣
һڤ֮ˮûĪϣŵȻ֮ڣôڵkͽ궼ȫ䵽ڤ档
ڤֻÿλڤڤ編򣬻ΰڲܹƿءڤӣҵǿԽ˵ƿһ
һĨâ޴צݺһģһºĪϣϣĪϣźٴһڽɫѪҺ
һʥ֮УĹâȻۣγһ޾ʮɵľ޴սһɿֲѹǾ޴ս֮ۡ
þ֮ǹ˹յֲĹ֮һ
ǹþ֮һͣû֮Уһ̱ߵǰݺһն䡣
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İ˴ƽͷһ磬һԶϢֱĴǿߺȥ
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ѪɫһָĪϣţһɫڤ֮ˮȻɳĪϣŽȥ
Īϣɫ䣬һҧĬģɫȻĻҶ֮Ȼ𣬽ϵİͷƽצֱӵһΣԶȥ
ĪϣѾߵսԣǾҪشɱkȻֻǵk·Ļ֮һȴΪҪǵkķŵرɣҪ󣬾Բ
һþ֮дһն䣬Ǿͷƽһͷ­ٴն䡣
˹һʨצǾͷƽһͷ­֮ϣʨצ֮ǻƽͷըѣѪĽ
׸ֳս֮һն£һ˲㽫Ǿͷƽһͷ­ն䡣
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Ѫɫꪴߵצ֮лݺݵĴ˰׸֮ϣһڤ֮ˮѪɫꪵָ֮£һֱӴ˰׸ڡ

Ӱ׸Ļ֮һ´ޱȵĲҽ֮һ˿˿ɫϢڵk֮š
ڤ֮ˮκλŵǻ鶼Ǿ綾ĻմȾڤ֮ˮҲܵش
ǹþ֮ٴһնߵһͷն䡣
˹һʨצҲߵһͷɷ顣
ȴ˿ܲˣ޴צһ´˰׸Ļ֮ϣһ˺׸Ǳڤ֮ˮʴĻֱ˺ɷ顣


340 ɱ
׸䣬˹˹Ϊ֮𶯣ɫ΢΢һ䡣
İ׸ȻֻһȴǵkǿĻ֮һߵУұڤ֮ˮȾ˻֮еһ˿꣬ǰ׸걾ҲܵС˺
߻ԶžͷƽʱֻʣͷһɰԵޱȵϢȻڵk֮һεѪӵkնϵͷ֮䣬˿ûиԭļ
ԶžͷƽӵпֲĻָǰ˹˹Ĺ̺ſֲķ֮ȫնԶžͷƽĻָõk޷
Ǳ޾ֵ֮д˹ǳϵߣֻʣͷˣսȥģֻһҲҪȥ
һͷ­
߻һҫųɫѪ⣬һ±仯γͷħ̬ͷ֮ϣնȥ֮ϵѪҺޱȡ
һץֱӽԼͷ֮ϳ£һףǻƽ𹬵Ĺ֮ϡkֳһָһ˵ͷ­ǹĹ֮Ϸ£һ½˵kͷ­֮ϡ
һɫѪɫ֮ߵ֮ϣkһ±һͷߴףɢſֲϢ·ӵпٵܵͷһֻ۾İ۾ˣ
ǽ֮ѡߣϧҵı岻ڴ˵أúսһ
޾ʥֵ֮ϴһ̾Ϣ֮Ǿƥʥ췢һ˿˻̤֮ʥĹԣ̤֮Уʧ
ǽ֮ѡеߣȻǿǿϧҵıҲ޷úսһ
˹Ϲâһ˲˵kݻ֮ϡǾͷʨ̤һޱȵ⣬һݻ̤նУû֮С
Ȼ̧ͷ֮һƬֵȥ
һȺ
һƬޱȵ֮Уһĵ̾Ϣ֮貵һһʧ
ϳɫĹâһţһ»ָͷħֵ̬Ѫɫꪣ߻ǻƽ֮ǰ
һƬƬʯΧ·ûߵ֮ϣõkٴα仯γһʯ
˿ԼҲдĴ漶ǿĿʯһۣһĨ־֮ɫһΣѸٵ
ʶǷλֲԼʯĿֲ֮ЩλĴ漶ǿǶѾʮֻҪ߲ǽ֮ͲǵС
ػĻƽ𹬵֮ڡ
ݳ޻ͬǻƽ𹬵ڲ鲼һɫɫ֮ʢһޱȵĻ䡣
ЩޱȵĻ֮дڿ֮γһζ
ֻһζһƮƮɵĸо̩ޱȣůģ
Ե̾˲𣬲ǲ֮λ棬λ֮Уǿ֮һ֮
ڿ֮ŵĻϻ㣬գѸٵǿߵʣߵΪ
ڲ֮λʿҲʿһ֧֧ʿøγɸֻԼΪʿҲǲ֮λõˮʦˮֱ֮Ϊħ㣬ӵʿʼ˵ǵڶʿʳĿ߽֮
ʢ䣬֮ͬɾһĹڲһ̨֮ϣһ
һ֮ϣСԼһƵᡣ
СԼһ֮ųһޱȵı⣬ӳյޱȡ
۾һһĨ֮ɫǰһһֱС
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һץУһϢ֮дʶ֮УһĶһᣬͬʱϢҲһûʶ֮С
ǽɱǰһʽʿڶʿ֮ǿʿľ»ʿʿʿ
ɱ֮Уԭ֮⣬һ׵kݳط粻šҪkĻһͬʹãܹ棬һŻ飡
һץСץУһĨ֮ɫ
С棬ű飬һűΪ飬粻Ҫı顣һŵıǽħ飬ԭɱı
ʱⱦ䡢ɱ䡢ħ񱦵䡢ǳ䡢䡢ܱ䡢ħ౦䱻֮Ϊ֮λ࿪ǿߴ󱦵䡣ߴ󱦵˲֮λߴǿʿʵһѪ
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潫ǼպãȻΧȥǸ̨֮⣬ͨ
ǽɱ֪֮ͨһͨڰɭ֮⣬һ֮ͨסķ䡣
ԥһᣬֱŽ֮ķȥԽ֮ڶʿʳĿʮȤ
һ̤Ǹ֮ͨķ䣬һǿĽ֮˲䱬ֱӵɳʮԶ
Цһ£֮Ȼ˱ȴϣ˿̽kľס֮
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Ҫúһʱ䣬Ҳʱ棬ĻָԼɣ
⹬֮㣬ǽ֮Ƶ㣬ߵʺΪǾ
ץסᣬ⹬úһԼʵ
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л˿ŶͷͬǶо⹬֮ŵ㶼޸֮ϵơ
һֱѹƵİ˿ŶܹоԼ֮£ѸٵĻָš
ȡһöħ鰴ü֮ϣͬʱսɱ֮еļأʼתطĬģǽħһ㡣
һڵħҫһöħһü֮Уûʶ档
һöħһʶͬһǳһײ֮֮ϡ
һʹʶ֮дľ֮һ𵴣Ǿ֮һģͶڲϵĲ


341 ʿ
һöħһ֮ںһ
һɺޱߵһöħ֮һ澫֮һģͳͳһգûһöħ֮ڡ
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ѪʿһֻܹںһѪӵһֳѪɱֻ֮ҪѪܹӵгĿֲһ۷壬ѪΪһ壬ħһֳԽĿֲ
ʮ֮ȫǽħڣӦת֮
ޱȵ֮£ʼʿ֮
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Դӻ˶δ½Դ֮󣬽ʿֻʱˡ
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˿Ŀһۣ֮֮ɫ˲𣬶̶̼ʱһͨĴħʦһ̤˴֮˵񣡣
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˿֮ǿĴ֮һ츳ޱȡǾˣҲûеȼ𣬳Ϊİ񡣶һӵа۷ĳǿߡ
ϵλѾԱûͽָ˿ŷõĽ־֮󣬽뾫Īϣŵ֮ڣΪһ̷İʥͽ
λȼǿҲͽֻǴ۷Ĵڣû˲Խһﵽ֮
顢ħħѪ塢˵ǿޱȵĴڣܹƾ֮деطͻƴޣﵽ֮ڷλ֮УѡҪӵпʮѡ
顢ħħѪ塢Щ嶼Բͬλ棬Ǳλ棬Ҫͻƴﵽ鼶ףڷλȴΪѡ
ΪͬλŲͬķͻǲͬķͲͬĻ֮Уʺϲͬͻƽ
֮λΪһȵλӵǿޱȵİԡӦԡḻԪʲô嶼ͻƽųΪĿꡣ
λ֮Уǰ˿ǧѵһţҲûʲôϣܹͻ˽ޣͳΪһ𿰱鼶ǿߡ
Ůǰʵô
лһЦˣѾָ˴漶߽ҵʵȻ޷ҵļҲĴ湭ѷɫ
˿Ҳ¶һ˿Цݣ⹬ζѹ˿֮ǵ䣬Ҳָ˴ҵʵ
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Ѿǵ磡
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˿һ߽׵ǿߣȻԿĴڡ밬˿šл֣ҲȻ޷ӵа߽ʵĶ˿
˿ųճյĿյ̫֮Ÿ֮ɫ
Ȼ˿ţ㻹Ҫؾûв´ĻǾӦڼ飬ڼĵλӦüߡ¹ôױƣڵʵȥֻͶˡ
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˿һ֪̾ˣҾʱ߰ɣ
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رǸлһһ޾ķ飬֮еԶĶõĽ޷ƿ۾
ڰһ屾Ƿλ֮гħ֮⣬Ṵ˵һڰ塣лΪڰĽڣͨһһ޾ķ飬Ƿǡ


343 ħֱ
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344 ݺ
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һצ쵽˼㣬ͬһ㽫ץУâһţһ󣬿񱩵ľ֮˲䱬ͷѡ


345 ɱ
ס֣
ʱֳһų˫֮Ž֮ɫһȣһ̺ɫļʸͬһȥ
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ǼȫװʿȻŸл밬˿˹ȥ
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һɫ˿ͬոɱ¾Ƭռ֮вϵĻص
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ʲô£
˿һڵĵطͿѾΪϹź֮ѾѿѪ棬̲סʵ
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ԵұˡԷ취ңҳΪ˼ɱĪɹķˣƵҲòĪɹ֮һֵĴ漶ǿսһ
˿üͷ΢΢һʵô죿뿪𣿡
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һĨâô뿪Ļֵ˼ǸȥĪ֮γȻٰĪɹֱ̲ˣλ泱ϫѾʼˣҲûʱЩСˡ
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л棬Σ΢΢һ˫֮¶֮ɫ̫ˣҸлˣ
лĺڰݵľǿߡܹץסһлᣬչԼǿ߲ĽԸ׷Ķ
˿΢΢һĿһۡǵһοǸеˣвӿһ˿ɻ󣺡ħŮĿͽô˲м
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һΣĪɺ֮Ӷȥ
ֻҪݻĪɺ֮Īɹû˵Ķ֡


346 ɱ
Īɺ֮λĪɳ룬ߴʮףĪɳڵһΰĽ·Īɳǵࡣ
ʱһޱȵǾ޴֮лۣγһǿޱȵ罫Ǿ޴ȫػ
Īɹǿ߷׷׵Īɺ֮۶ȥ
仯γɵһϹž޴Ĵһ·ɵ˰֮УſѪڣĪɺ֮һһڿֲϹϢ
Īɺ֮ĽֳһȨȣģһʥǿĹ֮£˫֮ŽɫĹâ·˼ĴڣֳȨֱһ㣬ʩչļĪɺػ
һɫ֮гĪɺ֮ǰγһǿޱȵɫ磬ȫػ
ĿֲϢһºɫĽ֮ϣȼգʴɫĽ硣
ϹźĿֲ֮Īɺ֮ɫĽ֮ݣĪɺ֮ػҪ
Īɺ֮֮ڣʽʦԼЩʦ֮Уڵϣޱȵġǵ֮ԼԴԴϵĹע֮ڣǿĽ硣
ĿһʵΪʲôҪĪɺ֮
һĪɺ֮年ᣡֿ־ܣȺҵ顣û年ᣬôһỹɡֿôЩͽڡ
滯ϹźĪɺ֮ɭޱȵĹâſһ磬һϢٴɫǿ֮ϣǿޱȵĽյòϲ
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һĨŭɫһһɫſֲֻаƴСӳС
һɫӣб㾯״ʢϹźĿֲ֪ɫ̺֮ſֲ֮ӵа벽ǿʿĿֲвҲ䡣
ֱſһ磬һſֲϹϢȻǾ޴ɫ֮ϡ
һϵţһָΰĪɺ֮ǣϵͽǰа񣡣
֮пռһŤһɺޱߵ֮дȻңԶ֮Īɺ֮Ӧٻһ̺ſֲɫ⴩Խ޾գӦûеɫԲ̰Ī֮ϡ
Ī֮һһ£̺ŷԼصķĪɺ֮ҫ
һɫĺĪɺ֮ӿ仯ϹźֱӾȥ
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ɫĺһɾͽһϹϢɣȻһֲĺһ½滯Ϲźȫ
ɫĺ֮ڣ̺ſֲķ֮Լǿޱȵ֮һȫиԪ֮ϵȫ޷Ԫʩչǿķ
һɿֲޱȵĸʴɫĺ֮ӿʴϹźһݴϹź֮ڶȻ仯Ϲźһıɫĺʴš
Īɺ֮Īɺ֮ڳ֮ԼӴضĪɺӵһ֧һ֧ҽԼĲˮ֮עУƶɵİ
Īɺ֮ҲĪɺ֮ػĪɺ£
һʴ֮дһ֮ӿûɫĺ֮ڡ
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仯ɵϹźԼǿܹǿ֧סû⣬ɫĺҲֻʱ⡣
һŴ֮ϣ˿žվ֦֮ϣ֮иӵɨڰ֮бɫеһۣһ˫֮һĨ£ȡ̫񹭣׼Īɺ֮Ľ룬һޱȵ̫֮û̫֮ڡ
һޱȵ̫âȻͬһȥһɲ֮䣬Īɺ֮ػ֮ϡ
ֲ̫â˲䱬Īɺ֮ػһȭͷСĶѨȻʧ
ڰ鰵ɱ
һ˲䣬һī̺纣ֲڰļʸȭͷСĶѨ֮˲ϢĴü֮дᴩĴԡ
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Դ֮һͷ΢΢һ̱˵ϡеǰĪ֮Ҳֱӵ˵ϡ
һ֮ʧȥ壬ɢ
סɫҲһµ࣬ûǰĪɺ֮档
ҲҲ޷άϹź̬ȱ̬
̬֮һֲĽ˴ߵľһֱ죬ҪĲпѪǸ˿֮ӿȾͨ죬֮һ˿֮谭˿ڵϡ
һ̷ʮƿħҩͬʱڵҺ̬ҲתĪɺ֮Īɺ֮ʮֻ
Īɺ֮ȼߣû˵Ȼֵסֲʿ
һظһΣĪɺ֮Ѹٵȥ
һɫӰȻһɫĹâĪɺ̷֮ȥ
һɫӰһºݺݵײĪɺ֮ػ֮ϣɫһ֮ϣ壬ͬʱ֮յĺɫ
ޱȵĲҽ֮ǸɫӰ֮бһѪɫ˲䱬Īɺ֮ػ֮Ӳ˳
һɫļʸһ¹ᴩǵӰˣǵӰֱӶ˵ϣڰĴӰķӡá
Īɺ֮ػ֮ǰſһ磬һϢֱӴĿĪɺ֮ػ֮ϡ
ʧȥ֣֮е޷γһɣĪɺ֮ػҲ׾ٵıϢճһ󶴡


347 Īɺ֮
һ̤ǽ֮󣬽ǰĪɺ֮ץС
Īɺ֮һУųһɿֲľܾյʹ಻òֱɿĪɺ̵֮˵ϡ
ӵ˵İûеõ˵һӴЩܾ磬ֹ
ĬģһһѪдӡĵƤֽͬӵһĪɺ֮һĪɺ֮̾ȫӡ
һУƤֽĪɺ֮̾еһָ֮ڡ
һֻʦ֮ץʹõȨֱӷ˹ûĴָ֮ڡ
ʹõȨҲһ漶ıֱӶࡣ
ĿһƣлڵϵӰϡ
лȻһЦһӣһɫ˿ͬһǱڵϵӰһи¶һòӢſͣ¶ѪѪΡ
ɨһǱڵϵѪ嵭Ǹ߼Ѫ壡ĪɹǱ͸òᣡ
лһӣһɫ˿һʣͷץסѪ°ֱӽʳɷ顣
Ȼ΢΢һʩչɱ֮мŵطָһ㣬һ˿˿ѪѪҺƬ֮зɳûָ֮ڡ
˲𣬼ʹֵˣȻڡû֣Ϊݣ
ľ޴翴һۣһЦһץһ´Ǹ֮С
һɿֲǽ֮бֵ֡
Ǿ޴Ľɣ֮У˺ڰ֮⣬ʹúڰĿǡŻѪӵо޴ɱʹ֮ȻʮֿܣȴûֶѪĿֲɱ
潫һ´Ǹ֮Уת֮мŵطһ±仯γһצĬģһµķĴצ֮ӿ˳ע˽֮ڡ
һȻǽ֮г֣Ȼ˷ȥֱӱʧ
˿֮һĨ֮ɫʲôôܹôʹݻػ磿
ػʹ֮лܵǿ֮Լ治ŵʥְߵ֮ǿޱȡ
һҪƻػ磬ҪǿҹͣĹػֱǽľܹػ硣
ػ类֮ǰû˸ҽǸ磬ػ֮ǿս
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Ҳǻýɱ֮󣬴ǽɱ֮ѧƽػǿ
ػһƣ󲽵Īɺ֮ȥɭޱȵɱ
ֻҪĪɺ֮ݻ٣Īɺӹ棬Ҳûܹס档ȫԴӺԭǧʿɽĪɹ̲һ֮
ֻһݺʱ򣬾ֻܹǱӣɱ˿ݻĪɺ֮Ҳ޷֧ȣֻܹżɱĶǱ
ΪԭֻҪĪɹȫ̲ôҪô˵ܹô˵Խڵ˵ɰ׵ģͬҲԽ׵˵ɺڵġֻҪǸԸȫԵߵڰףɱκ˵ͷϡ
ɣ뵽ƽıķšֻҪĪɹȫ̲Ļʲôıᱻ׵ƽ⡣
Īɺ֮֮Уһۣһͷɫͬٲһڼϣһϯѩ׵ʥְ߳Ȼ޷ס͹µģɢһʥࡢϢĴŮ˳
ɢһʥϢĴŮˮ̷ΰĪɺ֮ʥŮ˿˵仰
һץһѪֶɵĳУĮ룬鵽ز֮Ӧûʲô˵İɣ
˿ü΢΢һˮһıڱǡͼɱı侲Ҫ˶ԷĹƣ
䵭Ҳ֪һıڱݺҡѾزĪɹҵУҲͬҵУǲʵΪһŹǣǻޣǼȥ𣿡
Ȼ֪Īɺ֮ѡеߣҲССĪɹ֮ڣȻһĴ漶ţŻܹʹǿ֮⴫Īɺ֮Ĺϵ֪
Īɺ֮Īɹ֮ڲµһʮҪӣһӱնɱĪɺ֮Բưոݡ
˿һ̾ģȻʮֲԸȻγޡΪͣΰĪɺ֮µ͡
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η壬ͽ鼫ΪϡȻͨͽҲ֪ʵ΢ûԼҲ޷Լͽ֮ڡkµĳŵһ԰ˡ
˿ӻһɫսףֳһ󽣣һͷɫ̷Īɺ֮˵֮ϡ
Īɺ֮ĵһųһ˿˿ɫ⡣
֮УռһŤһɺޱߵĿֲǿռ֮Լһɫ֮ӿû֮ϡ
Īɺ֮֮ҵһ±þȻγһһпӵ硣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ĬĬĶһĨ֮ɫ
һ̺֮ŵڽһֱʿ۷֮ɫ֮£·һ»˹һ㣬⹹γ˵k壬һ˴СĴڡ

˿ӯӯһݣֱĪɺ֮ǰϺ͹
΢ķˣңΪʲôݣ
Īɺ֮Ǹ棬һɿֲӵk֮˫֮ɢųϵĽɫ⣬ףƬ֮лص
Īɺ֮ǻʵ΢飬kҲǻʵ֮ϡ
ԶԶ֮еİ˿лŮӦ˵kɫ䣬Ϊ֮
ǰҪǫǷλĸ˴Сͻᱻһͷ˿лǷλ淲ĴǸ֮ܵȻ᲻ԾĲ


348 
治Ī˹۹ĹΰħŮΰڡ
Īɺ֮Ƴһۣø߸﷢飬Ѿȫ֪ˡкڰݺ㣬ͼ֣˵߿ڣˡһϴɱһǳޣ
һĨ֮ɫһЦǣҲδ̫˰ɣֻҪĪɹͻҵСðôķճֻ֣һܹ̲Īɹһ仰ҷ֣ôܣ
ˣôĵӣѵ봥ŭһΰ𣡣
ԴŭһɺޱߵĿֲӵk֮ɢͬһϯȥ
Ц񲻵ֱӸ淲飬ͻܵƲã֮ԼǣѾĪ˹۹ĺɭȪˮ֮Ѿɭƽ߿ҲѾҵСҪôƲң
Լ֮Լ޷ֱӸ淲䡣kͬҲи淲ֶΡǾڷڵĸ̻ᡣ
Ľ̻֮иƣǿꡣĪ˹۹սǽ̻֮еĸָûгְκһ̻֮еĸ㳲֧κһһһ˿ʤ㣬Ҳı䡣
ĪɹĽ̻ʵ̫ǿĽҲѾֱɱҲûһӵп̲ĪɹõʱȻ׷
һĨ֮ɫȴǸ߸ϣͬһСˡĿǰȷʵ޷Ʋ㡣һʱ죬Ҳ䡣λ泱ϫ֮УҿԶð񼶵ɱ㣬û⡣һҵĽ̻ᣬôҲɱһӵˡ
Ŀ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫĶǣ˳˼֮С
֮䷢ϵµ飬˼һ֮⣬ÿһһλľš
ǵûгΪĪɺ֮ǰͬĪɺƬ֮еľ콾Ӣۼڳ֮ǰҲλ涼ǿߡ
λ泱ϫѾʼǿ֮е񶼻жеɳԼĻ١е֮ڣʲôеǻ᱾·Ϊ˻ø֮λ֮ƴɱԼ
һԱ·ôֻܹðkʵҲԶԶԽ˿۷Ĵ
һᣬһĨâǣ㱾·ôֻܹðҲζţֻҪһΣˡ񼶵ǿߣֻҪԸ⸶㹻Ĵۣǿɱģҵ£ͬӵа񼶵ǿߡ
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һ΢飬֮УkҲǴײһСҲɱ֮һڷ˵Ҳǲܵ顣
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ǵԣҪһϢһֻԨħƶԼСʱ֮һֻħžͻִ㻹Сʱ׼ʱ䣡
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һֻԨħһʮϡʮħ֮УоǸʵһʿµԨħ͡һǴӳԨħ߼ԨħǿߡÿһֻԨħжħųԼ󸱾ųȫǴħǿߡ
һԨħϾӵдݻĪɹʵرĪɹѾУĪɹǿ߿ҲУػĪɹصһѹļ֮ϡ
΢΢һüͷ壺ԭǺڰıԭĴ㣬Ӧ뽫ұûңһֻԨħҲԴݻĪɹˡ
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ȻǣĪɹĴĺҵСѵûһ˿Թ𣿡
ǵĮȷʵѪԵϵĹϵѪԵϵʵ̫ԶˡҶûʲô飡
һӣƬ֮оʧ
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֮еʥŮǵУֻһ߰ˡһ߻ĽˣkΪʮֵá
˿֮һĨ֮ɫ𵴣ɫ԰ף·һ㣬Ĭ˺һᣬҧ֮дһ˿˻ǣһ־
ԨħִĪɹɱ¼ǺڰǵıڣңĪɺ֮뷷ΪĪɹδ󹫡еͽŽߣһ𿹻Ԩħ𹫹ĺڰ
һɺޱȵĿֲһĪɳ̺֮Īɳͽ𵴡


349 Ԩħ
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Īɳ֮ڣŷǵͽǶ׷׹˵ϣ˫ۺᣬϵĹ
Īɹ֮ڣ󲿷˶ŷĪɺ֮ǣǴ󲿷ֵ˴ӳûмkݣҲûkԼ˵ͣж˷ܺͼ
΢΢һ̾һ仰ȫŤת˾ƣ飡
ռĪɹҲҪʹֶΣɱ䣬ϼʮʱпܽĪɹԼС
һ仰ȫĪɹģĿֲ
תͷĪɺ֮ȨȡĪɺ̣֮óɣ
΢΢һЦһĪɺ֮ȨԼĪɺ֮С
һӣĪɺ֮ȨȻɳһûǴ֮ڣһ̵ߡ
÷ѶҴͷΪεĽڣ
һֺ޴Ǵ֮
ָлΰһȫ̷ڵϴٹ⣡̹ڵϣĪɺ֮ȣ˫ۺᣬѡ
֮ڣеְ߶̣г˼ʺĽյĽڣû˿Ȩԡ
Īɺ֮һ·ɵǴ룬һ֮ϣųһɫĹâһû·һԼʮϡ
׿˶ҴͷΪʿŵų
ֻӵдʿΪһɫһû档ŵѪ֮һ±˲伤һɿֲ֮һԾΪǳʿǿߡ
ָлΰ׿˶һȫ̷ΪĽڵϴٹ⣡
׿˶г˷ܺͼڵϣŴ
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Īɺһ¶֡濴׿˶Ǳֻ±ȿﻹҪǿöֻ࣬ҪԼӶ׿˶ʵԻڿ֮ϡ
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350 
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ЩԨħǽʳ֮󣬿ûϴϰߡԨλ֮УҲٸɾˮԴЩԨħ϶һɿµĳζ
ϸɨһΧԨħֻЩԨħһϡŹ֣ÿһɢϢһĨ֮ɫ
޾Ԩһᴩʮλλ档λس̶Ƚֻǹᴩλ棬ߵĹ֮ڤѷһ
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ͷħţͷħ֡ʹħ֡ħ֡޹ħڹ֡
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ָ߼Ԩħͳ׼ӲͬԨħ֮зǿһħ֣ҲԨħ֮óһħ֡
һͷͬһܿƶ̹һ㣬֮һսʿһҧϰֲ֮

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׿˶Ĵ֮£һĪɳʿϵǿ߷׷׳֣նɱЩϳǽĳԨħ͡


351 
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352 
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¶һЦݣ˫۳죬Ѫħ⣺ҪȵʲôʱѾȲҪƷѪζˣ
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ħųʵԶԶͨԨħħųȫΧСһİǿвҲ䡣
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һовһҧħûе֮ŵյơ
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ΪǶħо10ӣħŵľųУǵʬֱҲħûе䵱һŶħо֡
һŶħоѾΪħûеһ֣ɵĶħ֮Խ࣬ͻԽǿпܽΪԨħࡣ
˿Ԩħžų仯γɵİͿжħо˺飬г𺳣ԨħȻܹʹԨħֲ̫ˣ
÷ѶĿɿڴԼ۾ԨħȻܹ仯γԨħռҲ޷飡ǵʲôʲôȻܹԨħ
ΪĪɺ̻֮ĸ߲㿭˿÷ѶԨλ涼˽⡣ʮԨλ֮еԨħжôǿͿֲ
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354 ܳ
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޹ħȫǸ߼ԨħӵͨʿĿֲȻǿ簬˿Ҳһɱǡ
޹ħĹԨħǷ޾Ԩλ֮УҲǸԨħ֮еľ
ĬģһӣһööѪħٵѸٵķ·Ԩħʹ֮С
ЩѪħٵӭǣһ±仯Ϊ̵ľ޴Ѫħ٣Ǽ״ֵΧԨħһЩԨħͷ׷׾ĵ̴ЩԨħ͵ڣЩԨħһ߾߸ʬ
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ܳڷĳÿһһᴩϵĴ淨ΨһȲǴ淨ķ޷Ǵ淨ӵԡ
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˿ſڹܵϣ΢΢һɣȻƵģȻǾʵֲ̫ˣ
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˿һ뵽ֲֿԱգ֮ɭҲ赲ʹǿߡ
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ڿ˿վˣÿһʮᣬͬʱɢһǿеš
лһԸ˵ĺɫƤЦ˿һжš


355 ˿
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һһͷɫ̷ƽأеȣȴ˻һʿһòɰŮĹĵĵŸл¬ǲǻܵģˣ̫ˣ
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һĨ֮ɫеȪˮ֮ޱƫŮȻ٣kѡеˣһŮ
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ķǿ֮зԼԲɢȥطл˿ԭλڷλ淲ǿߣҲ֪εȼ𣬳Ϊϵİ񣬶ӵаսǿڡ
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֮λʿʮֿɰٴӵطӵа˴ʿʳճÿһʿʳӵвͬоص㣬һһ費Ի͵ʱѹλʮꡣ
սħΪ֮λ½ʮ֮һޱȣƾޱȣͬƿλ档λ涼սħڵǰǿߵȼΪ飬ػǸλ档ЩսħڵǰҲķš
սħ֮ڳطʲôҵһѣϡȪˮ֮ޱŵڵĳ񷽷
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λ֮УഫӢ۾Ĺ֮еõŲЩŲһ¼ȻȼΪ顣
һһĽĿ㼯ϡ
л֮иǳϲú֮ɫĶ档һ潫Ϊһ飬ôͿٴλظΪ񼶵ǿߡ


356 漣֮ǵΣ
˿ЩʵĿһۣԵ̾ˣ
΢΢һЦĿſ˿
˿ʱЩΪҲ֪ܹӵǿһǿߵĶѾ١ĶҲܹŪֵı
˿ϵıɫҧ󹫣ܹҸôԸ޸㣬ǵĺΪĴ󹫡
˿Ҫ
˿㲻˵Ҫ޸Լϲ𣿡
˿Ҫǻİ취Ҫߵһ

ڿ˿Ů׷ɫ䣬ʦŮ֮⣬Ů׷׳Ȱ˵šʦŮȴĿ⸴ӵĶſ˿Ĭ
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ഺĽʿŮޱҪǸʲô壿
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺壡ҳΪĴ֮󣬻ոºİŷȪˮ֮ޱ櫡ΰŮһҵʮ⣡
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˿ѾΪ漶ǿߣ츳֮⣬Ȫˮ֮ޱҲķ˴ô̵ʱ֮ڽΪ漶ǿߡ
Ůʿޱ˵Щʲô˿ȴһ֣ѹĻ
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˿һᣬ֮һĨ֪һطõúˣѸٵĽΪҿ԰Ǹط㣬һȨ
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üͷ΢΢һ壺ı밵ɱ֮񣡣
ı밵ɱ֮˹Ǻڰ֮ӵһ顣kϲŪıͨɱкüڵkı밵ɱ֮¡һеȵkɱشֻһͱɱ
ǺڰҲûмϲ˹ǵkȻںڰ֮ʮֻԾһʮǿΣյ顣
ı밵ɱ֮˹ŮȣҲ˵šı밵ɱ֮˹ıһŮӵµĺӵѪǿޱȡеĴ漶ǿ߳ʮϡʮأû˼Ŀɱ첻
ȻӿһͷôĪɻʹݺǲֶΣ
˿֮ǻ۵ĹâĿһ۵ûв´ĻĪɻʹݺӦȵıҪ뿪ȻԨħֱӹĪ֮ǡ
Ĺ˼ǼɱѡߣôҪһӱĪ֮ҲᱻԨħһٹݡ
һĨݳɽڰһȥúòһ¡ȥúϢɡ
ǣ˿΢΢һЦԼתĪɳȥ
һתͷźԭڵķȥһĨ֮ɫ
ԭ漣֮ǡ
һ潨ɵ漣֮ǴʱѾ˺ԭģÿһ궼ţѾһ¥ܲ˿ڶľͳСһ漣֮˿ھѾߴＸʮ֮ޡ
漣֮ΪģһƬƬ֮֮ҲγһƬƬޡЩ֮Ҳסࡣ
ԭ֮еѾ֮ޡ
ʱ˶׷ӿ漣֮棬漣֮ԵΪ㳡԰Ѿ̣ӿЩǵ˫֮ж˿־֮ɫ
漣֮ǵĳǽ֮ϣվǰͲ
⼸ͲѾΪʿǿߣҲ֮ѾΪһǳʿǿߡ
չδ½ԴҪʮǳʿǿ߶⡣뵽ȻѾΪʿǿߡ˵ʿڻδ½Դ֮Ѿȫ⣬Ψнǿʿ⡣
ʱ漣֮ǵѾӵˣͲͳ졣
ͲȻǰˣڴ½֮ӡµľӶǱȰ˻Ҫͼūת䣬Щսʿܵҹͬ˾η
ԶȥһĨ֮ɫһ̾ħҲںԭ汬ˣ
ͲһĨɵ֮ɫԨħǿɳȥսʿɱˡֵǣЩħܷɣûô๭ܹԸЩħ
Ԩħ֮඼гЩгĶħӵзûнշͨ˵ЩԨħֱ޿ɵֵجΣǽá
ҲһĨ֮ɫһ̾ųеħŮĿһۡ
ͲһĨ֮ɫһЦ㲻ÿˣЩСһԨħִǵĳУȫˡ
漣֮ȻѾħŮ漣֮ħŮûȫҲһǿߣûͷųշǿĽ硣ħŮʦ֪Ԩħִ漣֮Ǻ󣬱ҹӣ漣֮ǡ


357 ƽħ
Զȥ֮ɫֻܹԼػ˵Ļҵˣ
ͲһЦû˵һ䡣ﲻǴ˵ĻҵҲǵļ԰ӵһУﰡ
Ͳһۣͬʱ¶һ˿Цݡ׷һԪϣҲǿ漣֮һı㷱ľǶ漣֮ǵĸ飬漣֮ǵĸ黹Ҫֹ
漣֮Ƕ˵ִֻһУһ̤ʯڿͲ˵ȴǷܶػ޿ȡļ԰
ȣôˣΣգ
򿴵Ǵһ׻ƽɫз·һӢŮʿȣüͷ΢΢һЩ
һ¶ͷǰµĳ΢ЦǴ˽ĳУҲҪһսػ˽С
Ϊ漣֮ǵĴܹܣͬ洫ڸطҲӵʿΪ
ȣĹ֯Ա֤ǵĺڰȫǳΣյĵط
ȻһЦ֪ˣֻһ¶ѡǿҪƴսҪܹ󡣡
ĺˣ
ȴܹܣǵģ
Щ˻ûôܻϣ

ǽ֮ЩǷ׷״еһЩٶȣŰĽ֮⡣
Ϊ漣֮ǵĴܹܣҲ漣֮֮ΪһŮˡ漣֮ǵĸ߼Ա֮Ϊ漣֮ٶȵİĽߡдŮˣ׷ˡ
дŮˣ˽ȻٶĽ
ϮϮ
ǳǽ֮ڶʿ߰ͬʱһޱȵľ֮Ȼ漣֮
һߴԶȻ֣ԨħγɵĺϷһƬƬԨħγɵơ
Ͳ֮зŵԨħǣеĴ󸫣֮ɫ⣡һΣд鷳ˣ
֮еһƬƬԨħγɵƣг˿ɬ
ûнսػǾѾߴʮ׵漣֮ǳǽûκô漣֮ǵĳǽûоκηӳֻ֣ͨĳǽһͷ޹ħһײֱܹ漣֮ǵĳǽײһ޴Ŀ
漣֮ӣԸһЩСģԨħû⡣ҪԸһԨħǳ˵Ρ
漣֮ǳǽ֮ϵǿ飬ײԨħжһĨ־֮ɫ
رЩǶ֮зŵԨħһɫҰף֮һĨ֮ɫ
κһͷԨħӵпһʿƥеĿֲһҪʿǿΧܹʧһ˵˵֮£ɱһͷͼԨħһһĻһʿһͷͼԨħֻбŰɱķݡ
漣֮ʿϵǿʮˣ֮зŵԨħǧˡ־޴սֱ࣬˾
͸˹ķʦſ֮еǧͷԨħҲɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
ǧͷԨħ͸˹ԼͳķʦֻܹʩչַȻͱԨħɡԨħĻвһԨħʹֱӽ͸˹ԼķʦᱻԷ
ȿԨħ֮һĨ֮ɫôԭᷢħ֣ôԨħ
漣֮ǶһɾķΧ֮С
ԨħһŻƽǻƽ·վʮòķʿϵŮʿ
ǻƽ֮ϣһħƣͷϳһֻƽǣòޱȻƽħԨħʮűɴò޵Ů
ƽħǶħһ֮еĻ壬ǻƽħҲԨħ֮еʵֿһǿ塣Ȼƽħ̫٣޷޹ħᲢۡ
һͷ޹ħԨħһֿѪڣһǻƽħߵŮһ£һ߾׽һʵ˹£ΪʲôҪԭط̫ˣԣ
Щڲ˹ߵŮһϸӿ־壬ޱȵķŲ˹
˹˿ߵŮ˱ͷ޹ħԨħԵָһŮ¶һ˿Ѫ˷ܵĹâԭ漣֮ǣһһ鲼µӡö鲼µӣıһȤҴݻУ븸һĿ佱ǣǸĺôҲԴӵkø
ͷ޹ħԨħһЦƨӢ
Ӣ
ڲ˹ߵʮͷԨħҲƨ
Ȼ֮䣬˹Ȼɫһ䣬һ·һռ䲨֮ڣ˲ԭʧ
һڵĹâǻƽ֮ϣǻƽֱӱɷ顣
ͷûзӦԨħҲһֱУ屻һ󶴡ֻԨħԶԶˣǵ屻һ֮ȴûһһһȥ
һ̫ͬһļʸ˲ᴩһͷոճڰ֮Ԩħֲ̫֮࣬ͷԨħֱӷճɻҡ
һֻڰļʸҲͬһһͷԨħͷ­ըѿͷԨħͷ­ը÷顣
һͬһĳڴ˴֮£ǳ֮еԨħᴩ˲ء
˹ʹܹǳڵһ̧֮ͷȥһ۾Ϳǳһħ̺֮ϵ桢˿šлǿߡ
ۼ⣬һ۾Ϳħ̺֮ϵ棬˷ܼˣǴˣ
ˣǴ𣡣
ˣ
̫ˣˣ

һǳǽ֮ϵսʿ˷ܣʿ˼ޡĴ֮£Ѿ漣ţֻҪ֣ôǾ;Բʧܡ
˹һָȵɱǣ
֮УǧͷԨħĴų˷˹
ǧͷԨħһת֮еһΣֱӱһͷ峤ߴʮ׵Ϲź
һɺޱߵϹź֮˷ɢȥ
ǧͷԨħ֮УųϵԨħĿֲ֮£޷ȶͬһ֮׹䵽˵ϡ
һЩͼԨħ֮е֮ˤǲд治һɵĸ߼ԨħҲɵϹźг˿־֮ɫ


358 ھŲԨ֮
ֻоӵеĿֲѹҲǾһԵ֮ʱǿ츳֮һ֮£Щλҷֻӵе֮⣬֮ͬмûмѹܹȵù
ϹĿֲѹ֮£·ʮԨħͶΪ˷˿֡
ܹģҲֻʣǼͷ߼ԨħԼЩԨħ
˹üͷһ壬ȵһȺûõķһ֮ȵְˣһϣɱ֣
һĹâЩԨħ֮ϻơ
ռң
˿滯Ϲźϣһ㣬ʩչļռҡ
һɹĿռһ³ǰ
һͷͷԨħʮֹĳǿռҵбԵһռ֮ǵ֮бǵиѪ졣
ǿռǿռķƷҲǶԸЩͨԨħЧķ֮һ˿ΪĴħ˫ޣȻͨ
ſѪڣһſֲĺɫϢĿ˲佫ͷԨħֱɡ
ǺɫϢ֮£ͷԨħĲҽŻҽ
ֻצӺһץֱӽͷԨħץһֱӽͷԨħͬһ󱬡
Īɳһս֮УǱʹϹźһ˴űó˱ħоĵơ
ȫʢʱڵ޼ɵʩչϹźһϹź޼ɵɱЩԨħ
лһһڰ鱬ѼȻһһͷԨħͷ­֮ըѿͷԨħֱӱͷ
ҵҪֱɵĺмֱ£
˹һЦһһҫŻƽĹâǴһ±Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮףҫŽ⣬·һƽɫеĻƽǾˡ
ƽħһ˵ǻƽǾһ֮еļǿ߱Ԩħʴ֮Ԩħ֮еħԼ˶ħϵĴڡ
ƽǾھһ֮УҲǼΪǿһ塣ÿһͷĻƽǾ˶ӵдʿϵΪֻҪԼͻƵǿʿ⣬ֻͻƵ»ʿľʱŻ޴ƿ
滯Ϲźڲ˹֮ʣֱſѪһϢֱ˲˹֮ϡ
˹һ·ޱȵĲҽ֮һҫޱȵĻƽâ֮˲䱬ֵϢķա
дİͷԨħǴ˷ֱȥ
һβ޴һºһͷԨħϣͷԨħֱӺɣצһץֽͷԨħһ顣
ͷԨħһϹźϡ
һͷ޹ħһޱȵĹһնն滤ۣ֮նѳһʮ׵ľ޴󵶺ۡ
һͷħݺһײͷĶһ´滯ϹźһɿֲĶشĶ֮ûڡ
һͷŻİħһצĸֲĻצ˲䱬ڷնȥ
һͷ޹ħǺݺһն֮ϣնһ޴Ŀӡ
һͷֵͷħݺһצıһ˺ֱһצ˺ѳһֱһ׵ĿֲѪ
ͷԨħһֱشǱΪϹź棬ֲֿڻصƻ塣
ƬѪ֮أʹ֮ɫ
ȻΪϹźӵа벽ǿʿĿֲսҲ޷ԨħĽϾЩԨħÿһӵпƥдʿǿߵĿֲʵ
һһӴޱȵĶħ֮ħûе֮ӿֱûڣһ±ΪһͷߴףɢޱħİͿжħоһɿֲħ˷ɢȥ
ħо
ˣ

ԨħͷŶĿֲħ΢΢һ㶡
һ˲֮䣬滯İͿжħоһצӳһµĹ켣ͷԨħһնͷԨħһ˲ͱն飬Ȼħûеֱɡ
˹ܵ滯İͿжħоϴĿֲħɫ䣬ħо㵽ʲôˣǵھŲԨ֮ǻƽħħǵĶӲ˹
ԨħʵֲڡȻңǾ͸ȥɣ
âһţͬǹһβȻ𣬰ԵޱȵŲ˹ȥ
βʹ벨˹һ˲䣬һޱȵĻƽâӲ˹֮зӿһɺޱߣԶԶ֮ϵĿֲħӲ˹֮ӿ
˹˫֮гĮŰѪᡢ侲ǿԨħĿֲħĶȵǵھŲԨ֮ǻƽħħǣ¼Ķҹ£
ԨħоѪ֮иֲŵĶλħľηֱӹڵϡ
Ԩħо޾Ԩλ֮нֻСԨħӾϵǿ߲ǿ鿹Ԩ
ԨħӾԨħ󹫾ħܹһԨħоȴԨħħʮԿ⡣Ԩħ֮С֮Ĳ֮࣬Ĳһ㣬ǵ
֮䣬һΣֱӱ仯γ˺۵Ϲź
ȻԨħħ죬Ȼ޷ѹסѪһſڣһſֲϢֱǷȥ
ǵĿдһĮбֲѪ¼ĶҵǰֻܹʹһҲԽ¼ɱ
΢΢һһ޴ĿռѷȻ֣Ϣֱûǿռѷ֮С
һΣ·Խ޾һ㣬ǰһצͷ­ݺץȥ
Ť޴ͷ΢΢һƫ
ǵצ˳һץֱӴ֮ڣһڣӲĽ˳
ѪҺ֮ء
һЦһצԴȥ¼Ķһ
һҫޱȵ̫Ȼ֣ǵԴȥ
̫
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ջ˴ԵצӣһһѷȻ֡
һ̫һѷ֮Уѷ죬ȻɳǵԴȥ
һѾо̫ǸֵĹˣȤС飬ҿˣҽ֮һץ㣬ҵߡ
һЦָһţϵĻƽħѹγһſֲУǰһһ½̫֮Уһʣֱӽ顣


359 ɱ˹
˿żһĻɫ䡣⻹ǵһʹͬ׵ȥ̫
˿Ϊ۹ǿĴ֮һͬ޵С̫ɱͬǿ߼⻹ǵһαͬǿȥ
˿֮һĨļɵԨħܹ񿹺Ŀֲڣkǵսʶʵֲ̫ˣ
ǸĲ˹ѾشkܹʹõֻͨԨħĳ̶ȣȴ밬˿֡kĿֲǿ֪˫սʶȫһ֮ϡ
Ȼ֮䣬һڰʸȻǷȥ
ڰ鱬Ѽּȷʵǿϧļ˿ǸɾĹĲдƷ©̫ˣ
һЦָһһָһڰʸ֮ϡһڰʸֱһŤһɫĹâᴩĻըѿ
䣡
ؿ֮һ±ըԼѪҺأʹŤӴ塣
лЩŵĵǸˣԲҲǹģ
ɱɣ
һЦĿһۣǰһֱӳǰһצĴԴȥ
ͬ¶һЦݣҪ㣡׼ûС㣡
һɫĹ·ĽȻ˰֮Уγһޱȵıռ䡣Ǳռ֮ڣκοռ䷨ЧǾǾͨռ䷨Ԩħkʹַ˼Ŀռ䷨ĸֹ
֮УƲ֮еĻеۣǿȰ񼶵Ŀֲ֮ӿſѪڣһ磬һϢڴͬһ񷣵ĹһǺȥ
ɫڴ䣬צһһſֲĻƽħڵkзγ˾ŸУͼֵסǿֲϢڡ
һϢ˲ǾŸ֮УӲĽһƽдݻ٣պǵ֮ϡ
Ȥ¼࣬Ҽסˣ㾹ȻɱҶӣԴ޾Ԩ֮һɱ㣡֮ǰһץסеˣúĥһ£㳢ʹ࣡
һЦģһָһɫĹâȻɳûͷγһɫӡǡ
һ̣ǿֲϢ˲佫ֱɣɻҡ
ǾͨʵǿޱȣսʶҲԶԶһ֮ϡǵkʹõĽֻһ˵Ĵħ壬һ·Ӳ֮һűǿܡ
˹һ·Ԩħһ˻֮С
ͷӵа񼶿ֲĻеһǶħ֮УſѪһԨħԨħֱӱĿС
ͷеĿӵһֲĽЩԨħԨħһûĿоͱǽƬһ˿˿Ǳֱգ
ͷеʹϵ֮ʯϲ֮λĿƼɲͬнܹһܹĿǰҲ޷
ǻ̺ްĴڣЩʹսӵмΪֲĽǱ
λǿ֮У֮ʯЩǿ֮еͨûҡ
΢΢һΣֱӻָ̬ӵͷеıϡ
ʱѾڳ˺ۣԨħ˿ڶɼǣͷҲ˺һ֣ͷǹǶ¶˳ֲ֮
ȡһƿƿޱȵħҩһ֮ϵ˿׷ܼٶѸٵĻָ
˿ſϵѸٻָг𺳣ָֻٶȣѾȾһ
лѸٻָţ֮һĨϲ֮ɫûʹκλָӵǿĻָٶȣҵˣ
ܹ˿ĻָĻָٶѾԽϵϹźѪĺô֮һ
ͬˡԨħλڳﶥĳָٶԶԶ֮ϡӵѪѪʿָٶҲΪֲҲѪʿ֮һ
΢һָȡ֮ܳвдĸ߼ԨħǺȥ
һޱȵĳڹâպǸ߼ԨħǵϽһͷͷ߼ԨħֱӺɱ
ʧȥԨħѹƣ·Ԩħһ˻֮Уɱ
ЩеͼԨħһɢ˷ȥûָӺѹƣǿɲԸװ׵˷Լ
΢һǻеϾ޸Լ塣
ǻеĲɱ֮зŵĸ߼Ԩħ񼶵Ŀֲʵûһͷ߼Ԩħܹסһ
Щ߼ԨħͷŵֹҲǻеĻ׵¡
սӣЩ߼ԨħǱһɢ˷ȥ
еԨħȫ֮ڵ֮ϣʣԨħڷɱ໥ɣ쳣ײС
޾Ԩǹᴩʮλ棬ʮλаγɵĵط޾Ԩ棬ÿ궼ᵮħ֡Щħ־ͨ໥ɱ໥ɣյʤ߲ܹΪһͷͼԨħ
ÿһͷͼԨħӵпһʿĿֲսʶۣһͷͼԨħͨһʿ屶ϡ
ֻдħϵԨħӵ֧Ԩħ͵Ǹ߼ԨħҲ޷֧ЩԻң˿ûǵԨħ͡
ԶԶԨħɱľг𺧣ԨħһȺµĹ
ڷλ̻Ľ̵ţЩͽ֮󣬶޾Ԩ֮УΪЩħĶʳ
һ뵽ԼܻΪЩħĶʳб㲻
һԾǻеı˳ǽ֮ϡ
һˣ
ǳǽ֮ϣеսʿϥ¹ˣ
пĽЩԨħѹһĻսʿ浱һĳݺ𾴡
滷ΧһЦǸɵúܺã
еսʿж˼˷ܡĿ޶˵ϵҫ
ҪЩɱˣ
򹧾Ӧǣˣ
΢΢һЦ򣬰ͲһȥϢˡͽˣ
ͲһЦǣˣһжҰͲɣ
΢΢ͷŰ˿šлŮ漣֮ǳķȥ
ǽĸߡ
ȣ漣֮Ƿչòɵúܺã
һ·漣֮֮һεضĸ¥ԵĿ޵
Щ潫漣֮ǽȹԼչ漣ܹ֮չزȹû


360 Ԩ
֮ӿһĨ̺֮ɫ˫֮ŻĹâл˿佱Ӧģ
л漣֮Ե̾һĳУˣܹںԭĹطһУ˲𣡡
˿ŻΧһ䣺ûܹںԭ֮ڽһȷʵ˲𡣡
漣֮ڰ˿ŵв̫ܹںԭ֮нһУ͵ĵط
͵͵Ŀ˰˿лһۣһĨĽԱĬĬһ̾ˣҲֻŮ˲ܹɣ
֮Ҳѵõˣ绪徵Ĵ˿ԼǷֵĺڰ̻ǰνڸлȣǲࡣվҫ˵Ůߣк컨Ҷһ㣬ۡ
лʲô
һصڣŸлŮֱչ֮ڣָԼü֮ӡֱʵ
Ԩλӵ෨սħ֮жûмءҾսħӵмأԨħյķȼҲԶԶܹ鿴Ȩޡ
л֮ҲһĨ֮ɫҲ̫ԨħĴڣܹ˽ĴڡǺڰ֮еĵ伮أеԨǣһԨǱУҲױǵ١һ弶ϵԨ
ѾԨħУԨħܹλ񿹺ԨħһkԨ֮λ棬kʵѹڰ񼶣˵k⡣
ԨħԨλÿһһ·ɱ̤ʬʵ۷ǿڡλ֮Увһ飬Ű͵Ԩλȴȫͬӵо޴ĺ̨ԼʵҲᱻǿĴֱɡ
ھŲԨ֮ǻƽħħǾһĿֲڡĿֲڣֻð񼶵Ժɨλ淲䣬һЩ΢鶼δǵkĶ֡
˿ųһܹ뵽ϵ̵Ľڳ֣ӦÿԾԨӡǣ
Ц̵ĽڣǸܣ
ϵǿ飬ֱǹ֮˹ս֮˹֮÷˹ǿֱ֮ΪϵУ֮˹ĵλ֮ϣų
Ī˹۹棬Ҳ̻֮еĵһ̻ᡣ̵ĽҲ̻֮йϵĴڣͳ̵̻Ľڡ
Ī˹۹棬̵ĽڲȨصˣҲǷλ֮ӽˡ
Ĵ˵֮Уλţͼս̵Ľڡжôǿкųնɱİǿߣ̤ʥɽ֮󣬱ҲûϢӴ˼
˵֮Уһ½̤ʥɽҪնɱʥɽ֮еĹ̽Ҳһȥ
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΢΢һ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫˣƳӡƪƳԨӡǣ
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ׯ԰棬һ԰ڲһ߸ߴף鲼ŹĻƽƣͷһֻǻƽ𣬳ÿޱȵĶǻƽħ߻һȺħŮŮѪŮ޼ɵš
ׯ԰ǿޱȵĽ磬ŮŮѪŮȲԨλŮ˲ܹ档
ǸŮȿֺǻƽħڣڴŵkĳ谮
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СŮֱӱŵʧһελɫҺǵ档
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ǻƽħħһĨײ֮ɫһץǼŮһһ˵kУڰֱ֮СһӴСĴڡ
ǻƽħħſѪڣ¶ǼޱȵݣǼŮһĶ˵k棬һҧ
һĲҽ֮ӶǻƽħħǵĿдõk¶һ顣
ЩŮֵĿ֮УһһŮǻƽħħһһ£ҽ֮ŵڳĸŮг˿־塣
Ԩħթ̱ŰаĻԿԡ˲֮λʿʳһ֧Ԩλ棬ͻԨλдɨҵԨħͳͳɱƸǿر
Ԩλޱȣÿ֮λпѹţ޵еʿʵ۵ʱЩԨħܹҵһطʿɨ޵еʿʵۣҲԸԨλط
ǻƽħħ˫ײޱȵĹâǿɶ񣡣ɶ񣡣̫ɶˣϧλ泱ϫûȫλԨħѹʵ̫ˣھͳȥǸϣ


361 ħо
ԨλԨħڳԨħ֮κǻ鶼Ͷ鳤ʱıԨħʴҲ䣬ΪԨһԱ
λҲԨλӵо޴ѹڷλ֮УԨħоϵǿһ٣ͻᱻλѹƣᱻѹԨħ
ǻƽħħΪھŲԨ֮Ԩ֮ǿޱȣһλᱻֱѹƵ߼Ԩħһ
ԽǿԨħܵλѹƾԽԨħӵлرӵв֮λʿͨطkǾֻܹһӴԨ棬޷ǰλ档
λλ泱ϫ֮λ汾Դ㣬ǻƽħħԨħܵλѹŻή͵СزʱkǰλŻӵа񼶵Ŀֲ
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֮Ȼһ޴ĶѨһͷͿԨħоӲıkǸѨ֮ץ˳ֶ˵ϡ
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ǻƽħħĮޱȵĸͷͿԨħоǰλ棬һ˺ԭһУ
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Ԩħ̵ɱѪɫ̳֮ϣħ⡢ѪѪޱȵѪɫ̳֮ϳûǰ֮еľ޴ռѷ졣
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ֱӴǾ޴ĶѨɳͬһ׹Ǿ޴Ŀռѷ֮ڡ
һͿԨħӾǴŭȻӦǾ޴ѨǻƽħħɲĿֲϢɪɪҶԡ
Ԩλпޱȣɱȼɭϵöࡣ
֮У΢пսʤһ顣
Ԩλ֮УһԨħӾսʤһԨħǻƽħħǵھŲԨ֮Ԩħ֮Ҳǿߡ
ÿһԨ֮ӵһԨ֮ӳɣֻҪǻƽħħǲ뿪ھŲԨԨħھŲԨҲδǵkĶֻ֡Ԩħ󹫾ĿֲڣڵھŲԨ֮ѹΪھŲԨ֮Ķǻƽħħǡ
ȻǻƽħħǰԨλ棬ôkҲԲЩԨħĶ֡
һͿԨħӾھŲԨڶǻƽħħǰԳŲоͻᱻɵkǴηŶǻƽħħǡ
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һѪɫϢѪɫ̳֮ڶû˰֮еǾ޴ѷ֮ڣάǾ޴ռѷĴڡ
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һĻЩѪɫ̳ΧԨħһ¶־֮ɫ׷˷ȥ
䣡
һֲĿռŤ֮ȻΧһͳͳɣȻըѿԲ֮ڵԨħУըɷ顣
һɫӰǿֲıը֮е׹䵽˵ϣѪģΡ
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̶ʮ֮䣬Ѿȫָһɫħҫֱӱ仯γһ𷢱۵󺺡
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ˣ˵ЩʲôȻ֮䣬ɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫתź濴ȥ


362 ħצ
ֻԶ֮ȻƮһƣֳһߡ
֮һ֮зһǧͷԨħ
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ЩħѧԺѧҲһ֮ЩײеԨħ˿־塣
ħѧԺѧһֵɫ԰ףڴڵŻ
ЩħѧԺͨƵѧȻƽ֮еţһ㡣濪ħѧԺҪѧϰĶʿѧԺǰҪѧϰĶࡣһǵٶȿͻͽͬҲԶԶȲϲ֮λʿ
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ħŮôӵǿħŮһһԽڵɱ
ǿĿֲڣһһȫɱʿĴڣ׷ǴʿѪԴǴʿһͳͳĨȥ
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ħѧԺѧԱǴĽţϵŬţȴûǵġ
һҧһһħƤֽȻɳӭǣһ±仯Ϊһž޴ֽ̺
ЩħѧԺѧԱǶ׷ֽ̺֮ϡ
Ĭģһָֽ̺һ쫷磬Ȼųǽ֮Ϸȥ
Ⱦң
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ǣҵĶȥɣ
Ⱥ˽ļһǣ
ǣǽᱻħԵ

Щ֮У󱯺ŭ
ЩħѧԺѧԱһ𺳣¶˸ޱȵ顣
ʱǳǱĳſʼӲĹر
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ĸߴħѧԺк˫۳һҵسǹٴеΪʲôҪرճţһ㣬ͿԶȼ˰
ħѧԺѧĿҲسǹٵϡ
سǹٻֹЩѾγĲ£˫۳سţһЩħ棡ǳļ˶ΪЩħĶʳ
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СȻҲ֧ͷŽսֲǿ硣
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ڳǽ֮ϣЩسǵսʿĿⶼԾıһħͷ޹ħϣж˿־֮ɫ
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ͷ޹ħħһתŰǵķ¶һײеЦݡ
ǳǽ֮ϣΪûдﵽʿȼسսʿһؿһƣ³һѪ
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ͨ䣬֮һĨ֮ɫԨħֲ̫ˣǸûܹס
ͷԨħֻǿһۣóǽ֮ϵħѧԺѧ˲ᣬֲ֮ܿǶܵ
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άһħ̺֮ϵ棬ӿһĨ֮ɫеˣˣ
ά׷ϱ֮һһϳ档
֮ȻһĨʣĶ֮е棺Ժˣ
յ֮һӹһĨǣԺ˿ܹƥдħʦǿڡɾˣôԨħҲδܹеù
ͷԨħĿֲѾҲĿֲʲôֵܹ
ħİ޹ħһ̧ͷͿ֮н̤ħ̺߷棬˫֮һųײ֮ɫǿߣܺãѪһܺóԣ
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ħצڽɱ֮ҵһžǿĹططҪԨħѪ⡢ꡢмһгɣΪһſֲĹطƿԨ֮ҽԨ֮תΪ
˽ħצ֮⣬нצɾצѪצʯצ֮צצۣղܹγǿĽ֮צ
ӵϹźѪצԨħǿħצֻҪԲɱ¾ǿԨħܹӵиǿĽħצϵıǿ


363 ܶħ
˿ſǽħצ֮֮ɫʲôħܹԨħоԨ֮ħ𣿡
˿ǾĴ̫˫֮ͬмûмܹסһ̫ƾ豾ܹԼоǽħצ̺֮ŵĿֲ
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һͷͽԨħͿһһʿһһʿʻҪǿᡣʮͷͽԨħȫԽһֻǧ˶ӵȫ
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һͷͽԨħǿһʿĿֲڣһͷͽԨħʵȰʽħʦҪǿöࡣʮͷͼԨħӦÿɶһֻǧӵɱھȻȫǧӵУһֻӵ֮ǿԽ˰յ
֮󣬿ͳ˧һֻǧħʦָ֮£׷ɱЩĴӴܵԨħ
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ͬʱĵķųе棬鷶Χ˹ʡ
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ǲϵΧ֮УԨħҲԽԽ٣˹ʡħҲƽ
ںԭǸʺĵطԨħԴӰ֮󣬱Ѹٵ뿪
ԨħǳħǸزͬҲҪԶġǺˮԲݸƤҲԻȥںԭˮݸƤûСǲ뿪Ҳֻ·һ
˹ʡԭȶ֮㽫һж˰˿л漶ǿƿأԼǿʼչеĽɱ䡣
˿лҲΪǵָ֮£ЩԨħֻҪ΢¶ͷͻᱻֱӸɵ
ڰ˿лѹ֮£ʡԨħ˹ʡԼԭķƶ
ЩҲĳ뿪صһ棬еĻʼָ


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漶սٶȼΪֲÿһҴս֮϶̻Ÿּٷ㶯󿨵սҲܲһҴսǴսû׷ֻһܣҴս໥ǣƣ˭Ҳ뿪ӡ
󿨣ȥùˣа취ȥ
һףһħ̺󿨳
Ƭ֮У˸ǿķħޣѡһ·ǰھĿĵѾԶʹħֱ̺ӷɹȥ
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368 Ⱥ
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Ī˹۹̩̹۹ҪȺֻ۹ɳԶ󽢶Ӹոս뺣򣬾ͱɱñûһֱӵĽִܹⶫȺ
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ոտȺȻɫ΢΢һ䣬תͷź󷽿ȥ
ĺ󷽣Ǻڸս˷ˣ·Ǵֱƿһ㣬ԽӽٵĿֲٶ׷һ鴬һŨ֮Уʱʱ֣ÿһγֶޱȵĿԽһϾ룬ٶȱǺڸսҪһ֡һͷսڴĲλſĹһ֮УֱӸףԳԽٵĿֲٶȥ
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˿ź󷽽׷ս֮һĨĽĹâսǳ˼޵ƷÿһҴս϶ǰϵӵǿںķʱ;ıÿһҴսӵжһ޶֮ȫʢʱӵʮսԳưĺ޵С
սÿһӵпֲޱȵֻҪõκһսⶫ֮жȥ磬޵С
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󺣵Э֮ѸٵȺڵķȥͣǵǰȺź󷽵ĺǵ
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Ĭģһָʩչʦۣ֮һ޴ķʦ֮۶Ȼ˰֮УΧȥԲʮͳͳĿڡ
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ͬһĴոսӽ棬㱻廷Ƶǿֱֲɣ˿޷ֺ
Щ޷赲棬һͷϴһ˹°һƬƬ޴Ҷһֻֻʯììȥ
кâһţһ·ļһɿֲ֮ķ
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һͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ܵЩĹ֪Ѿ˶꣬Ѿһ˿ԡɢϢ񱩻ңȴȵ۷֮ʱİ˿ŻҪǿ֡
һͷܿ˾Ыβ֩룬ԼһתŴڵķӶȥ
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Ѫ򰺵ȻǴ漶ǿߣȴ޷һʱ̻ǿܹȫǴĹ
Ѫ򰺵ұĴһ˲䣬Ǽ޾ĳɫ˿һ½ȫɡ
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Ǻڸս֮һŴڷһɫķâͬһͷͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ȥ
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370 úŸ
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ͷܿ˾Ыβֻ֩һת޴ȻһֱӽĴѹ塣
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ͷܿ˾Ыβֻ֩Ǵ漶ĳ˿׾پͻᱻջ١ѾӵԵİƾ豾ܣҲַܹ˼顣
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һأͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ſһ磬ۺɫ˿ͬһǺڸս˷ȥǴϵĴԱ׷סԼĿ֮С
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ǳ֮£شʮֵİܿ˾Ыβ֩ǺϷʮɵ߶ţһ¾˺ߣ˿Ǵսڸս֮ϣڸսһĴӺ֮˳ֱϵ˰ϡ
һڸսشֱ֣һСɽһȻͷܿ˾Ыβ֩һϵ˰ϡ
˷ӿȸԾͬһڸսԱߣþȫڸսǰȥ
֮УĬĬĿͷܿ˾Ыβ֩뽫ǺڸսӺ˳˫֮Ѹٵķͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ƶ켣
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ͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ҲĹ켣һǰš
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ͷеӵеȰ񼶵ϹźȻͷܿ˾Ыβ֩Ŀֲ֮£һıŵȥ
ĬģһָļһʩչԪȻۣγһ޴Ļۺɫ˿ֱȥ
һһǷۺɫ˿֮ϣЩۺɫ˿ȻǷۺɫ˿ųһѪɫ⣬ȻǻԼգѳ롣
ͷеûǷۺɫ˿֮ѣſѪڣһϢڴͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ȥ
ͷܿ˾Ыβֻ֩һתһǿޱȵĳɫ⻤Ȼ֣ǰ
ǻеϢǳɫ⻤ֱӵסֻǳɫ⻤֮һ
ͷܿ˾Ыβ֩޴һתֻ۾һ¶ס棬֮ű塢ɱ¾ϢһͬһݺһײֱײǱռ֮ϡ
꣡
Ǳռֱӱͷܿ˾Ыβ֩Ӳײ˳
һƬۺɫ˿Ȼͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ϯȥ

αˣĬģۺɫ˿һָ񱩵ĻԪ˲ۣγһ޴ĻǷۺɫ˿֯һ
̺ſֲķۺɫ˿Ǿ޴Ļϵĵ𣬻޷е˿ȼЩ̺˿Ҳͬ޷׽ǻϨ
ڣǾ޴ͼɫӿû֮УһɿֲǾ޴ͼ֮ӿ
ͼ֮£ϵš
ӴޱȵĻԪȻۣγһֲޱȵĻߣֱǹڵͽ档
ǿֲĻ֮һͽֱӱһ򣬷ޱȵĲҽ֮
˿һ±漶۷ĿֲһΣͬһ׹һǾ޴ͼڵķӶȥ
ЩͽǶ˻֮Уûü˿ֻܹĿӳǾ޴ͼ֮ǰȡһɫĳһ´Ǿ޴ͼ֮ϡ
Ǿ޴ͼЩ˳ɰǧγɵͼڣȻʽֻͨʯͷľǾǧѾΪһֹʡ񼶵ǿҲƻͼڡ
˿Ǻɫĳһ´Ǿ޴ͼ֮ϣȴͬ˶һ㣬ֱûǾ޴ͼ֮ڡ
Ǿ޴ͼɢһֱѣѿ룬¶ͼڲͬѪɫʯһᾧ
˿еĺɫ񽣣ȪˮŮһרƸͼκͼסһǿ˿ֻ̡Ҫͼƻôʧȥͼֵ֧İǿ߾ͻͨİ
˿һץͬѪɫʯһᾧץУһΣ֮ȥ
Ǿ޴ͼһ˲䣬Զͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ɫĹâһ·˥һϡ


372 ᾧ
֮Уͷеſһ磬һϢڴͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ϣӲĻͷܿ˾Ыβ֩Ļɫ⻤֣ıһ޴Ѫ
ûᣬ˿Ǳߵˣ
۾һȡ˳ǹͷܿ˾Ыβ֩۶һöö˲ͷܿ˾Ыβ֮֩ϣſڵϣá
һϢڴͷܿ˾Ыβ֮֩ϣ֧飬ճҺͷܿ˾Ыβ֩
û֧֣ͷ޵еİܿ˾Ыβ֩޷ֿǰ񼶾ͺĹ
һΣһ³ͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ͷкâһʩչطħצһֻħɭɭצͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ͷݺһ壬һڣԴ֮УһڳһöԼ̺ŨѪԡ
ʧȥ˾Լ֮ͷܿ˾Ыβ֩һ̱˵ϣá
ͷеһͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ʬ֮ϣڵĿͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ʬ塣
Щǿͷеڵͷܿ˾Ыβ֩ʬ壬һĿ¶־֮ɫһѸٵͷеǰŹġ
˫֮һųĹ⣬ǽħצ֮вϲɫԿȥѸٵĽзɱ¾Ժͻԣɱ¾Եǿӵеɱ¾ںϡԣǿĲϡ
ⶫԽԽãҪԼߵ·ϣӦԣܹøǿ
ͷܿ˾Ыβ֩Ūԣɱ¾Կڵɱ¾ںϣǻһڣͻᱻԸţһϲŭ޳ޱȵĴڡ
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ڷλ֮УҲһЩӵлְ飬ЩҲһģΪڰҲЩӵлְ飬ΪҲӵлְһ̻Ц̸Ž˵飬һ̾ͻ׵ķԵɵͱһ
Һڸս֮ǰһĨ֮ɫҺڸսֻҪúøһ£֮ϣ˭ҵĶ֣
һҺڸսǵʿʳܻʳһҺڸսλ֮ѾԶ׹Ĵս
Һڸսֻ֮ҪԼӸ죬ĿǰѾĸϵͳϵͳֲҺڸս֮ϣȫԼʮǺڸսսǺڸսΪλ֮ǿĺս
˿һ˹ͷŰܿ˾Ыβ֩Ļе֮һĨâ΢΢һЦͷϹźԼ𣿡
ڿ˿Ů׷ҲͷϹźг˾֮̾ɫ
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ڵûͷϹźҵԼ
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˿һĻ֮йâʢ̲סʵֳԵطɲԽң
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ڷλ֮ҲһЩ۷弶ǿɱ񣬻ùǵԡڻЩ֮л֮һ÷񲣬Կԡ
΢΢һЦܹóȼطĻǿԽ
ħצǽɱ֮мŵľطȻܴڸ˿֮λԵط಻ʤ̸˿ҲǲС
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˿Щϧһ̾ȡһӴ򿪣¶һſͬѪһᾧЩᾧƽɡ
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ȼʱӵдᾧôȼĳɹʡ
Щᾧ֮زٵԴ漶ǿᾧᾧ㣬ٶȾͿһǧ
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΢΢һЦֽЩᾧһ롣
˿Ȼ΢Цҿ԰㾻еᾧҪһᾧ
Щᾧֱʹãҡ񱩡ѪὫʹʴʹ߱һֻֻ֪ɱ¾Ұޡ
ͷİܿ˾Ыβ֩ǱҡѪ֧䣬Ż˼֮ƣ˳󺣵Ľɱ
ãЩᾧҿԼ΢΢һЦ֮һ¸ֳһֻħצᾧһ㡣
һ˿˿ҡ񱩡Ѫһööᾧ֮ӿûĽħצ֮ڡ
վڿ˿ߵŮʦ̲ס̾طᾧļԾĴڡ
ŮħʦҲ̲ס޵
Ůʿޱʵ𣿡
ȵȻЩᾧа֮Ļ۽ᾧ̺ЩꡢǧааõһöᾧһӴᾧ֮󣬾ͻᱻᾧʴһͷǣֻ֪ɱ¾ĹɱЩԨħһ
ޱɫһ䣬һĨ֮ɫôµĶ
Ԩħֹǣֻ֪ʳɱ¾ޱһ뵽ԼֿµĹоЩ
һӣᾧ㱻ȫ˴͸ͬˮһĴڡַһ֮
ָһһһ͸ˮƿ棬͸ˮƿϣ˿˿һԾͽˣòҪʹ
˿ӹһ͸ˮƿһ˿ɫһĨ˷Լϧ֮ɫ֪


373 еħ
ǳλĳַһַľÿһԶǳĳַѾﵽĳֽޣ̺ǳԱλĳַ⡣
ֻҪһԣ˿ǰܿ˾Ыβ֩Իҷ򣬲ʵǣпֱӽΪ񼶵ͬҲᱻǻ֧䣬Ϊһ»ҲĴڡ
˿֮һĨ֮ɫ΢ЦϢȥһô
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ĬģԼһָһâҫͬһľ˷ɢȥһƵת䣬׾ٵЩǵĻ
ΰ飬ǣ
ΰ飬ǣ

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΢ķǣаѾɱӽ֧ǵңΰǹݵģҵ
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Щǿֲѹ֮£һһ˵ϣоɲ˿־塣
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Ը⣡
Ը⣡

Щһļе
ͰͿ³еôǻز䣡
ز䣡
ز䣡

Щһ˷ܵĴе
ͰͿ³תһǧԼĲȥ
һ벿棬ͰͿ³һб㱻ŵİΧ
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ĴǿĴڣӵǳʿĿֲսܵС
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ͰͿ³һĨһҰĵĹâ·һͷսϵһȵˣӦλˡλãӦң
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ͰͿ³սǴȫͬû뵽ǴȻֱӷ֣ĿǴĹǵһͷ

һǴĹǵ˰ͰͿ³ͷǰͰͿ³ĻսӲĿס޷
ͰͿ³һ岻ıеĻеħǣһն˲佫Ǵնء
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ͰͿ³
ͰͿ³

ЩڰͰͿ³һ˷ܵĴе
ͰͿ³

ǳĬһᣬҲĽ
ͰͿ³һЦߵǲԭͼڵλãǼ̳֮һš
һ貵ĹâҫһеȻǴ󣬱һߴʮףϵ
һƼɵ񣬲֮ϼ˹ϵͳܹԡƾӵпʿĿֲս
Ͼ飬޷ͬһʶκһͳ֮ϣӳֲսʹûе֮Ϳ׾ٵĲκһս
ͰͿ³վ֮£еĻеħȵǲҪŷΰΪǲ˶ŷkҴkٹ⣡
ǲĴ˾Ⱥ֮߳ĺеkаֻΰĹ๾񣬲Ψһ񣡣
๾ͷܿ˾Ыβ֩Ⱥ֮ϵûĻǵȡʽҲǧٹֺ޹ɿԡ
ǲ˾֮Էŷ棬ΪһŷĴ˾ͻûκ;ʧȥһȨΪһһĴڡ


374 з
һתĿһǲĴ˾˫һߺǲĴ˾֮ϣǲĴ˾ֱӺ顣
ͰͿ³ɫһ䣬£ߣضܵΰ񷣣ˣ£ΰkˡǵ𣿡
һ¹˵ϣսսŰͰͿ³ڸǵģĿˡ
һ֮Щӿûһе档

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Ȼ֮䣬һƬ֮УȻӰͼڵλõȥ˿
ͼڵλ·վֳֹǵĲǿߣǿȻһɿȲʿϢӵ˿ֱնȥ
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˿һץͼᾧͳͳץС
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ǿֲĺ֮˷ɢȥ֮зɢһһͷѪ˫۳죬ɢſֲϢİЫʨ֮˹
˿һͷЫʨһĨ֮ɫˣ
һͷ񼶵Ыʨ׷׹Ĥݣš
ʱͷеϣٶ˼ޣſѪںݺһҧͷ񼶵Ыʨ֮ϡ
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һ𶯵һͷߴףľ·һСɽɽ˴Ӻһ¶˿һе·
һͷŶǣ˫峤ߴʮףһɫۼ׵ĺҲɢſֲİһеǰ
һͷźë·һ˿˿ȼգףʵޱȵİħԳһЦһеǰ
һƬӰ֮һŤһͷӰ֮еİӰħҲӰ֮˳˫۳죬űŰޱȵϢĶһС
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һͷڴӰ֮зһϷʵĿһеǼѿ޵֮ϵ鶼ɱˡڻӵɱ飬Щ˻Ǻôĵӣ


375 ԵĿֲ
һȣ˿ԣ
˿΢΢һתһӣʮƿ˲ɳ
˫һʩչħצָһʮƿ˲飬ʮɫĻͷ񼶳ֱȥ
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ǻ֮ȼڵĻ档Ǻڰ֮ȫʴ
ͷɽԲڵһʱڣ˫֮ѪĹâ˲䱩һ
񼶵ǿԵֱӰܹĶѡӵԽİǿܹݵҲԽࡣ
ͷɽ˿һһץֲĻצ֮ӿӲŤӰռ䣬ͷӰ֮ӰħӲĳ˳
ͷӰħһӰռ֮гֱſһҧޱȵݽͷɽ˵ֱҧһ顣
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˫ͷʳħ֮ͷɽ˵ϢԽĻҡǿһץͷֱץС
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ͷɽһץǵϵֱץһӣڵľܾײУ·һɽʼһ㡣
ԶԶһͷɽˣżɵ֮ɫ⣬Ĺ֣ûĶ֡
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ƻɽ˵ͼӵжʮԵڶʱ֮ȻԱ˼Ŀֲ
ôݣǻе֮ڱͷɽֱ˺ɷ飬Ųͷɽ˱֮˥ڡ
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һͷɽ˻֮УĲɱЩԶԶĿͷɽһۣתԶͷɽˡ
Ʋ⣬ͷɽӦӵɱ¾ԡʮԡҲζܹǹȥʮ屶
һӵвͬԣܹõΪͬʱʹòͬԴ߶ܹӳҲͬ
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һͷһصɽ棬һؿڣһɫԲȻɳеֲͷͷ֮ڣѸٵĳȡͷļ䡣
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ȺΪԭ鲼Ÿֱĳһǰͷ֮ĺȺȺ벿λһһ񼶳Ⱥ룬һȡ
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һͷϢɽĿǵ֮ţ֮򱬷ֳﶼ˻֮У໥ɱȻΪĶʳ
Ȼ֮䣬֮УͷеȻ֣ԶԶſһ磬ϢڷһɫĹȻͷɽ˷ĺȥ
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Ϊ֮𶯣·һɽڲϵĳš
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һӶսʿѸٵļһֵͷɽ˿ȥ
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ͷɽһ·׷ɱͷе֮һǳֵĻᶼûУѾݣΪ˻֮ء
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ĵ񼶵ĿֲϢǰǳ֮ڶֱӴǰǳǵĻʹ֮ڷɳ֮С
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ͷɽȻʹûԼΥǺ֮ߣÿһҪķѾ޴
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ͷɽ˻ӶǾ޴ֱһֲĻһϢֱ顣
ͷɽ˫ŷ֮ɫȻһԾͬڵһһͷǰһץסͷһͷֱӴ֮г䣬һͼͷԴ
һɿ񱩵ɱ¾ͷͷĵͷɽ˵ĻͿֲһ֮УͷĹͷһɽ˵֮±顣
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377 
ͷɽһճ֣ޱȵǰһӶǳſֲĴպȥ
޴ûзǣҲǰ׷ѣ
һЦĬģһɿռ֮֮ϣһ·ļԭʧһ³ͷɽ˵ͷ­֮ϡ
ͷɽһ±һռ䶼Ϊ֮ŤĻ˲佫ȫɡ
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ͷɽʮγɵĻֲޱȣ񼶵ǿ߽ǻ֮Уᱻǻʴ֮С
ͷɽֱһȭſֲĻϣӲĺɣײ˳ǽ֮ϣǽײÿ
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΢΢һƫһŤ۷ıܹͷɽ˵ȭͷ
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һɹɿֲϢЩǿϱֱֳָӹ
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صķ·ΪһͷɫսǴ漶սìսì·ĻޱȣƵڽڰˡ
ת֮䣬жϣŮˣԽۣҲĶ֣
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رϹźӵеϹһ壬ڵĺѪһ¾ͱѹסޱȵ΢΢һɫ䣬ӲĴ߶սìһ´仯ɵϹźϡ
սìһ´һ޴Ϲź֮ϣ΢΢һ䣬ֱɿ
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һ̧צͿǱڵϣͷ֪˶ٸһϢȴȻǿţѪİء
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֮еʦ̶̡棬һ־;
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379 ɱɽ
濴ͷײп񱩣ǿ˼ɽһĨɵ֮ɫԡϵİȻǿԶԶǿʿĿֲڡֲλ֮Уͬ޵еĿֲڡǲ֮λ֮УҲֻĹϾرܹͬ׵鼶ǿһս
˿Ȼǰ۷弶ǿߣûԣҲ޷ʵϣӦǿʿ۷Ĵڡ
λ֮еİʵȼЩԡϵİӵǿ֮λ»ʿҲɱ
ͷ֮ͷɽ˵ϢøӵĿֲǿ󣬻һ򣬷·ΧĿռŤ
Ʋ֮еĻеȻ֮ðͷſһ磬һϢڴͷɽ˺ȥ
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һϢ˲ͷɽ˵ϣͷɽ˵ֱ֮Ӻһ󶴡ֻһ̣ǻһӿǸһ䶯Ѹٵ
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ͷеһſʮŻȫչ棬ٶȷ˿ֲޱȵʮգʮ٣Ŵ֮ȥ
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ȻͷеѾǰδеĹȫٶȴﵽ˿ֲʮգĦѾޱȣҲȻ޷һ˿룬ϵ롣
ȡһͨѶħ˿֣
ǳɽ˵֮Уɽ˵ͼ
ǹɽ˵ͼ֮ǰһϣϵŹŹֵģһ֮Щǵûͼ֮ڡ
һȺˣ
˿һԵĴ֮л߳ɨЩһۣ֮г֮ɫ
ЩһƤڣҶȹŮҲǸģܿԡЩһʮѿΨЩӵкѪ˲ų÷ۡ
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һӲޱȵʯɽ˵֮ϱи׹˺УȻ󱻺ˮֱӳߡ
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ʯɽͷɽһ˫ȹؽ֮ͬһɽһֱһ˵ϣҲ޷
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ɽ˵ͷԣһɱ¾ԡһǻԡһԱɱ¾ǿ󼸱
ӵںԣͬһӽͻںγһһںԾͿͨطԼγ
İл̤ɱΪһ顣
һЩ˶֮⣬󲿷ֵǴӵȼԡ飬һ
⣬Ŀǰȫû취ָԡ
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ͷɽ˵ľ޴ͷ­Ӻ֮γɵ֮С
ͷеǰ˫צץͷɽ˵ͷ­Ĵųźڵķȥ
Ȱǳǡ
ǰǳڣеŮǶѾ߳˼Уǰǳǵ㳡Χ
һòӢһɫװվ㳡֮ϡ
ῡվŰԼ֮еְԱһӢ˧Ը忡Ů
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380 ȡ
ɫ԰ףһģҧгݵΰΪʲôҪ
ر仯ɵϹźһˣȻƾǺѪԼҺ̬˵ǿָ˹Ҳֻܹǿվߡ
±һĨĻħҲûáֻܹˡ
ػ˵Щʲô±һֱ֣ӳĬ
±ȵػͬҲǺ֮桢ѪԴͷλΪߡ㰢֮еľţʻ֮ϣҲ޷
ӵӣֻʣ°±һˣھǺ˳Ψһߡܹһͽ֮е˶
±Ȼ̧ͷ߿ȥɫȻ䣬ʧôܣ
Ҳʮݵ˳Ű±ķȥɫ䣬֮г֮ɫܣôܣ
ɽˣ
ͷɽˣ

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ԶУһ޴Ļеץͷɽ˵ͷ­ͬһͷϹžһ㣬ޱߵ߷
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ܣôΰ񶼰ͷɽ˵ϣôܽɱͷɽˣ

Щɫ䣬Լ˫ۿʵյԼʮһּսͷɽ˶ͷɽɱñ˲ءҲòߡͷɽ˵׼ȻЩǿǸңҲԸʵ
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һĨϷʵĹâˣأȥ޹Ϣ
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ز츳սˣһǿŮţëĺ֮ΪԸеľˣ̵ʥŮŮһŮȻ޹֮УЩһŭѡ
ӦһɹɷŭϢĿһɨһɿֲȻѹЩ֮ϣһѹȫڵϣá
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381 
ɨǱ֮е䱦һۣ˫֮ӿԶܹѸٵķⱦ֮ӵеĲƱ
ĿһӴĽɽ֮ƿһƬʯ֮ϣ˷֮ɫ԰ķʯû뵽ﾹȻջ񣡡
԰ķʯԾҪϣһԾűͿͨȲͬԾ׽ǧꡢʮľ뻯һ֮ң
濴еĶ԰ķʯ֮ɫĶ԰ķʯƷʲȻȲĶ԰ķʯ촩ԽԾȴѡԾţȺͻȫҵƿ֮С
ԾܹңԶľ뻯һ֮ңӵԾ֮ţͳεĺԭ˹ʡȺȫƿ֮СͨԾ֮׾ٵĵԼǿ֧Ԯĳһʲô仯׾ٵĶǿս
Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬οһѱʯһȭͷСĶ԰ķʯУſϲ֮ɫǡĶ԰ķʯ̫ˣһĶ԰ķʯԾš
Ķ԰ķʯΪǿǿǧĿƼ壬ÿһҲֻܹϳ㹻һԾŵ԰ķʯ
΢΢һ֮ɫԾ˵ԿԽͬλ棡ղ֮λƬǿλʵӦͬһ档λ֮·տѧĽǶзӦʹĳ涴
ϣԾſͨĸͬλ棬ôζɵĴĸͬλ棬ͨͬλĲþ޴ĺô
˶԰ķʯ֮⣬Ǳַ֮˲ٿʿս˵ĿʯֳľʬƸִ漶ħƷĲϡ
֮Уһͷͨ˴漶رսì˰ء
Ⱥ֮һ죬һͷɢϹźѹĿֲһɽ֮ϣ仯ָΣ֮еϴա
źڵķһۣ˫֮Ŷ֮ɫҧгݣԹĳ࣬ȻһҵĻҵһҪͳͳԹ⣡
һҽɢʥâ񴬴֮з·ԽһͣյϷ
֮ϣվŻٳۣ·𱻴ĳعʥַ١
棬ȻˣУӡ
һֳȨȣųعԣ·һ㣬ʥϢĮȻĸգһָ
һ֮ĳعγһ׵޾ʥϵϢ̺һ˿ӡϯȥ
һȺװŪĵͼ࣬˺ǣ
˫֮ϢһΣֱӱΪͷӵϹźֲ˷ɢȥ
Ϲźӵеɽ֮ϣɽӵܹջϹź֡
һɫһ²Ϲź֮ϡ
飡
һЦţһ״ݻһɽ͵ĿֲϹž֮˲䱬ͼǴɫϡ
һɫ·ɳ֮۶ɵİɫ΢΢һɣͬӵһĲ֮ϡ
Ǵޱȵĳ֮һӴһƬƬһƬƬֱӸʴȵյʹ಻
ջϹźǰɫɣͬƹ֮һĲ֮ϡ
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˫۳죬ȻһڣһϹϢ˲һٴǿȥ
ΰĳ֮⽫ػңҲ˵˺һ̵ֳֽĴĮĸճʥ
һ֮ǽ̵֮ӿγһޱȵĳؽ硣
һܹ׷ճɻҵϹϢǳؽ֮Ǵĳ֮⵲ס
аˣ֮ܵìƲã
ǵֳһɢŴ֮ⳤìĴĮһӣǷ·ɴ⳿֮γɵĳìһ´յ֮ϡ
޾ĳ֮ȻշޱȵĲҽ֮ڵѪҺ·Ǿ֮Ҳޱȵĳ֮һȫ
ĳ֮һգĲеĹؽڶȫŤеǳ֮ķӡ
Ϊٸһ˿᲻΢棬ΰϵĳ֮һУͿԻȥǽִУ㾻
ǱæеԸһԸΰĳ֮
аޱȣ˽ɫ֮һֻҪǿ󣬾ܹ֧ǡȻΪЩаˣҲҪʱʱǵķɡ
ܺãҴΪϡΨһ֮ϵˣλٹĲߣӡǣ
Ϊٸ߸ϣգеȨһ㣬һޱȵĳ֮ûյü֮С
һĨ־֮ɫܹоһɿֲԺ֮Ĵ֮ڵľ֮ϣһǹըѿĴԾͻᱻը÷顣
ǿת֮ǹɴĳֳ֮Ĭƾǹľ֮ϡʮһκηȴĽ
ٸĮܺã棬ҲϵΨһ֮ˡǰ˵أΪȺ֮еаƬ֮ϴٹ⡣Ⱥȥʴٹĵط
޾Թȴǣΰλ١Ⱥ֮УһȵػǸȱаռݣλٳ֣а񾻻Ը⽫Ǹ׸λٴϵΨһ֮ٹ⡣
΢΢ͷܺãգֻҪϵĴϵΨһ֮ٹ⣬㽫󣬱ضϵΨһ֮֮ڻͬڡ
һάٵĮɨһ۵ߣ
һ飬Ĵų򣬴һĨ񱩵쫷磬źȵķֱӷȥ
һɫҲĸյźȵķȥ
λʲô𣿡
һɫ񴬷ɵǳϷӰǳ֮


382 ɱ
Ӱǳ֮һ̤նУߵ֮Уձ仯ɵϹźԼٳ໥š
һĨײĹâ޳ܵ࣬㽫ǻɽ˴카ܾ˵ʱȡҵĹȣǳ֣аѹԸ⽫ȣ׸ǣϵΨһ֮ٹ⡣
һЦɫ֮һĺһſھѪˡȺаΧȣֻ˳ַˡͷɥȮȻѾֵܺ񣬻һ˻޳ܡ
ĿĮƳһۣ·ڿһֻϰ㣬Ե׵ˣϵΨһ֮Ĵǳ̣ϵΨһ֮Իȥ򣬽ͻΪˣﱻֱӾ
΢΢һκˣ֮ڰʿʳʿʵۣλ֮һ
֮ǵڰʿʳĻʵۣkʵȻԶԶȲǰߴʿʳߴʿʵۣȴҲ޽ӽ޵еĿֲڡ
֮ڰʿʳػʳʱеѾ̽λĳ֮˯һ֮ءûһλӵг֮ͽ
ڷλ֮Уĸϵ֮жûг֮һ飬Ϊɵڰʿʳĳ֮Ĵڡ
ںȻһðһ֮Ȼг𺳡һԷλĿֲǿߡ
λ٣Ҫңûô򵥣
浭һЦһΣһ⣬ԶӶȥ
Ϲźں˳ʮɱ¾Եɱ¾ǿߣȻ޷ӵеϹž֮Ҳʮֲֿǿ߱ѹһ¸оΣ
ֳȨĿ⵭Į˫ųԣһָ΢ķˣȻҿΰĳ֮־Уӡ
һԴ֮ӿһƬ
ÿ˵һΧĿռ˼֣·һ͸ס˿ռ䡣
·˶һĿ棬ٶһࡣ
һԴγһһ²֮ϣ塣
һĨʹ֮ɫһ·䣬˲Ϣ֮ΪһͷȰ벽ǿʿϹźһɺޱߵĿֲ֮˷ɢȥš
һĨ֮ɫһЦţⴿϹź޷ǳôѣ
ȫһӦܹǳ֮дֲޱ壬ڵϹžԻɽϺӵĿֲȫ޷ǳ
ʩչгشӡǳ̾Ŵ󶥼֮һ۷ĿֲʵһʩչشӡһϹź޷ѡ
֮䣬һ¶Լյĵƣϵħûе֮ӿ޾Ķħ֮һ±ΪһͷߴףɢޱħİͿжħоһɿֲħ˷ɢȥ
һΪͿжħо͸оǳ֮ӿعԵøӵĿֲÿһطڷգľţһľʹͬħһʹĺ֮
Ԩ֮ǳ֮ӵеĳǽȻ෴໥ƵĴڡԨ֮ȾͬҲԾԨ֮
仯γɵİͿжħоʹ಻ī·̺һаԨħ֮ӿȴǳľ
ǻе֮ڵĶħоÿʱÿ̶Ԩħ֮ʧ޷ͨʱؼħܽлָֻԨħָܹ
һҧȡʮɱ¾ԵˮƿֱӴ򿪣ʮɱ¾һûü֮Уʶ֮һɱ¾ںһ
ԭ˹֮ڣһһ˫ۣһɺޱȵ֮ӿͨڤڤķֱӴͶȥ
Ǵ֮ڣʱѾΪڵĿɪһȥһسȵΰ齵ͣ˶ǰ
ΰǰһΨһ־ʥػ񡣡
ΰ

һǰ˹֮еİ˶Ǵ֮ǰĹ㳡֮ϣ˫ۣڵϣϵġ
һϵ֮ûǴ֮ڣͨǴֱӴԽڤڤգֱûڡ
˫ųɫĹâһɫɱ¾Ȼǿֲǿ֮£ͬһ㽫ǳԹɵİɫֱնѡ
Ȼͬһһ㣬նؼޱȵĳǰһצٵȥ
ٶȿ쵽˼ޣٸող׽Ӱǹֲɱ¾ȫӰ죬ɱӿɱ¾֮ɱ飬ͬҰһȥ
滯İͿжħоһڣޱȵĽٵ˳ֲԨ֮һ𣬽ֱ÷顣
ٱɱ¾ʴһȭ֮ϣȴͬӲǽһ㣬ֱ˫־ʹ¶ʹ֮ɫ
˫һģ˳ٵͷ­֮ϣֱӽٵԴһ顣
˲Ϣ֮䣬ǳ֮µٱС
һȨȡһ̵䡢һֻìҲС
ǿޱȣϹźѹǱޱȡһɱ¾֣עҪ䡣

˫¶һ˿֮ɫһޱȵļУͷǹɿֲĹ֮˲ըѿͷ­˲գҽͷʬ֮׹¡
һħ֮ȥָ塣
ɶ񣬻֮ĵˡĿǰӣߵչزοסЩɱ¾ˣֻһӡ
ɭޱȵɱתͷһâû·ȵĻʹ֮ڡ
֮λδ½ʿڣһ汾һģһҺ̬˫۵ڵңҲѾ㹻̽Ǹλͨˡ
ڰɽİ֮ѨܲڵķλѾ̨ڣκֻҪİ֮Ѩλ֮·߳ᱻƬǿʿǿҲ⡣
һԶһ֮Żееǹеڱߵս֡


383 İ֮Ѩ
ս˴γһֻһֻĻеš
һװֱ֮ϣĻеһԾ˵ϡ
Ǹſȡɯ·šɳȡǰȡŵ޶˵ĴʿǿߣȺޣͬķ羰
ڶδ½УҪսʱ򣬶ټĴʿΪȤ
δ½Դ֪ʶͬʱսħ֮Ҳ౦֪ʶЩ֪ʶİ֮£ڴʿ۷ĿڰǰԽһס˶δ½ŵıϣΪһǿʿ
ɨΧһۣüͷ΢΢һʵ棬ʲô𣿡
ڰɽƬƶޱȣʺĵطЩλڶδ½۷ĴǸ࿴طһۡ
΢΢һЦ棬һϹʿ֯İ֮Ѩܲһͨλλ֮·Ҫǳ֣İ֮ѨĹͳͳ
İ֮Ѩ֮г˸ΪʿǿĸֹʿǴЩõѡ
ſɯȴʿɨһۣ΢ЩС£һͺ𣿡
΢΢һЦһİ֮ѨܲȥҪʱ̫ˡҴһһ½ǣ͵ɢɢĺˡ߰ɣ
һǿĴʿҲЦ⣬ֳɼСŸ󣬽İ֮Ѩ
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һİ֮ѨܲһƬޱȵĿռЩռ䶼ƺһѹޱȡϢĹϢٴγǰ
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λ֮·󲿷ڲ֮λʿʳ֮󣬱ٵˡ
潫ߵħʯһһź֮΢΢һЦſһƣûλ֮·
ȵһЦĬģͭһָһɫķâûһ֮ͭڡ
꣡꣡
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洩һλ֮·һλ֮УͿǽ̻Իͣı⡣
ɨһ£ǽɽ֮󣬷һͨͨ
ص֮ͨȥһ߲Ƶĵ·ǵ·ľͷƿһֱͭ˳ȥ
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ԭһƬĵ֮еȻƿһӴ֮зɳһ⣬˵۹뾫۹紦ķȥ
֮һƬޱȣʯĴ֮УһһͷһƬɽȣһʯɽһͷײȥ
Ǽײʯɽ֮ʱһӿޱȵĴʯɽһڵĶߣǰ
ִǼȡһöԪ£֮󣬷װһѾϵԾţоԾš
ɨЩԾһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬תһߣһƬɫұڣƿһͭţ߹λ֮·صİ֮Ѩܲ
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ŮҲ˫۷Ź⣬֮гڴ֮ɫ
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΢΢һЦʮλ֮һķλ档


384 ɹ
֮˷֮ɫЩǸɷ񣬽Ϊķλ棡
Ůʿ֮ж¶˷ܵĹâܹڷλֱӷôͻӵղࡣ
ɳȡǰȵȺڰĴǿ΢΢ɫ䣬֮һĨη֮ɫڷλ֮УкڰŮ˿ĴڣӰ֪ǺڰŮ˿Ŀֲ
΢΢һЦûǸλ档
΢ЦˣǻȥɣλĿǰעǽȥʱٹ꣬λ泱ϫ֮ĿⱻڱΣ޷½ʱǽȥεʱ򡣡
ЩŮʿһۣ֮з·ųһ貵Ļ𻨡Ƕһλڶδ½ţʮᵽ֮⡣Ƿλؾ׼֮أʱ˵ҲܹΪһ飬ղࡣ
ûЩ̥˶ʿֱӻصǾޱ԰֮ڡ
ĻеڶԭܲסϲסĻǾޱ԰ΪǾޱ԰Ů࣬Ŀͬķ羰ഺϢ
Ǿޱ԰һ֮ڣһȿʮסߴʮףʸУĶԾš
һȶԾŵıӵʮִԴߣͬѪһͨʮԲֱߴ׵Դ
һȶԾŵǰһť
һͨųʮԴԾŹâһĳȡʮԴԴʮԴĸˮһһ顣
һȶԾŻ򿪣һŤŵĳ涴Ծ֮ڡ
Ļеһ̤ǹŤĳ涴棬һ³Ǻȵһ֮ڡ
Ǻȵ֮ڣͬһȶԾţһȶԾŵĶ棬һˣĻ
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ĻеĻһ۶¶һ˿Цݡ
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Ļ΢΢һЦһƶ汾
汾뿪֮һƫƧޱȵȺֱһơ
һһ˲䣬ֱӻһУıֱɣû֮ڡ
һתѣθдĴ֮лʧһ³һȻƽ֮ǰ
һȻƽ֮ǰһ֡һػ߿棬жһĨ֮ɫ
һĨĬĬʿٶ죡ֲܹɱ񼶵Ĺ
ߵĮһָһɫĹâϣ棬Ѿͨˣջһ֮Լھ״ˣ
һռ䲨ϣ˲ԭʧ
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һ߲⣬ޱߵĹ޾Ͽգ·һ˾סĹ
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ɨ֥һۣĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫǿʿǿߣȻֻļӡսħڵ̫ϳ֮һ
ǿȥεΣ·޸֥֮Ȼֻǻһӵһӣһͽ֮Ͽ֪ǽλ֮ǰ棬޷֥ʵֻΪһͨŮ
֥ҲޱȵĴ棬ϴ崺΢Ц˻ɹ֮ڣ߱ߵʦ֣ڽλ֮ǰŽֻǶʿ̶̲꣬ѾΪʿ񼶵ǿ߶նɱһ𣬻˲أսħڣҲûмʦʦܹնɱλһ񡣡
ǫѷһЦҶѡնɱЩͼڶƻ޷ʹűҺİΧЩԶҲδܹɱǡ
֥ϴ΢Цȴ𺳣ǣɱĲֹһ񣡡
κһ񼶵ǿ߶ǿǿʿǿߣӵԼĵơʿǿҪɱһǿʿΪѣҪɱһ񼶵ϼѡɱһ񼶵ǿ߾Ѿ֥Ŀ࿴ɱľǺüǿߣǴ֥ıֻ𺳡
һȣһǰ
ǴһߣսħڵĴ̫ϳ֮һһӡ
Ǵ֮ڣһţǰ߸ţ֮Ů
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濴һĻĬĬ粻ԣ컹ãھͱɶá֪Ǳ߻ôӣ
֮λʿİ˴ʿʳ֮Уʱ֮֮ħ֮ǳ֮֮֮ħ֮ߴʿʵ۶Ƕ֮е޵ǿߡ
ڰʿʳĳ֮֮е޵ǿߡ֮絮ľǿߣڶ֮Уһܻӭ֮֮ȴǱ˾ͳݵʿʵۡ
ڰʿʳ֮ǰĻױ鲼֮λ棬ҲԻᶫĹΪ١ڰʿʳ֮󣬾һ䣬붫໥Ĵڡ
ڲ֮λ֮Уӽĸδ½Ŷķϰߣڽӽĸδ½ǳķϰߡ
δ½ǽӽһδ½ŷ·͵ħᡣ
һǴ֮ڣһʡĽĿⶼϡ
һӵ棬ͨ˿ˣԼһΪ״ӣλá
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ʮֻ飬֮£ȻؾصŻһһʦ
һ֮ϵŮһָʦʦ㣬֮Ҫú׽һ£ŽѰͬӦеˡ
ǣʦ
ʮ֮ŵһԼʮ˾꣬ĸòŵŻһһʦսʦ֣ɣ
һ桢˷ܵĿԼӵϡ


385 ״
һӵ棬£ֻɫ˲ܹΪҵ״ӡͬļӿսͬ״ӡͬ״Σôͻ䵽ӵλáոճΪҵ״ӣûлҵָһξܾЩӵսȨҪܾ
浭һЦȻѾΪʦĵӣôҵȻܾʦܵսһúõָһʦܡ
ļһĨŭȻòΪʿ۷壬ʦִͽ̡ʦпգ
΢Цղײգڰɡ
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һ΢΢һЦһӣһޱȵĿռ䲨ӿߴ֮䣬һ³һƬľ
˾ͳǿޱȵľ֮ϡ
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˫һһŭХתսħڼصطǿȻǴһȦһɫףͬһɫս
״֮һһԸУòޱȣȴɢһӢʵĴŮһЦսħطزڷ֮УҲˡ
״֮һһòӢ´һ˿ḡʵҲ΢΢һЦսħط˽ɫսħһ磬Ȼûдﵽ򷨲ֵĵزļѾЧһǿʿﶼĶ֡ǵСʦܿ鷳ˡ
浭һЦһӿһ˿磬·翪ٵ֮ʱػ磬ﲻĹϢǰ̤һ
һ˲䣬˻һ֮⣬˵ɫ䣬澹һ˲ǵĸ֪֮ȫʧˡǵ۾ȴȻܹĴڡֹޱȵĸоǿѪ
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386 
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֮ǰ̾һͷ·һʯ롣
Сӣʾƣ򣬱ҳԵѡһɣ
һ֮ǰͷʯһ˫ۣ棬¶һ˿Цݡ
һǵصĿֲѹͷʯ֮ǹɿֲѹ·һǿ飬Ѿ˴ʿ֮ҲȻܵĸоΣպη塣
ȡһɫƷͷʯǰ
ͷʯɨǺɫһۣ˲ſ˵ϣĵԭǻϹյСߣȥɡ
ʮòǣǰ
ͷʯһӶȻҲһΪǿĴڣڻɹ֮еĵλԲ͡
һ̤ڣͿһ޴Ľɫ鼮ա
ǽɫ鼮ĺ棬ܣ֮ϣڷŸָޱȵĵ伮
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һĨ֮ɫ̾սħھȻӵݵ»ʿ֮ĺط
տ׷˵ĺطֻܹǿʿ֮ЩսħڵʿҲΪطֻܹǿʿ֮ھȻӵһ»ʿ֮ĺطȻЩȡ
΢΢һǽɫ鼮һ⣬ֱӽǺطӡʶ֮ڡ
ϸĲ鿴Ǻط֮΢΢һ̾طڵ˵岻طҪͻƵ»ʿҪɱʮϵϹźȡǵľѪֱӳȡһ̫źľѪôĴֹֻۣܹ»ʿǼߡ
»ʿѾǼΪǿĴڣħĸλ֮УǿһСȴĿꡣ
ڵϣϵĴ߶ǽɫ鼮֮һޱȵطͳͳԼоƬ棬缢ƿʵļȡŸָ֪ʶ
֪ʶطÿһŶޱȣ棬ͷ·֪ʶĺһ㣬ÿһ춼ڲϵĳɳ
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һ֮ڣһǼ£ȻûоԼÿһ춼ڲϵĳɳš
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ʱ֮ʲôʱǿʿ֮·ûз仯ͨ۳ӣٳ̤֮ʿ֮·ĵһһʿۼʿĵڶɱ䡣
ʿʿʿһֱλλĶ㡣ǵǿʿʿȴǿԽİȫѹס»ʿʿӲ΢Ķ֣ΪӵӵԴԴϵ֧֡
ǿʿĸ綼ӦѹλĴڡ
ҪΪǿʿ̤ǿʿ֮·ͱûڻ״̬İλӣڴʿֲ֮ڡǸλԼһͬɳλΪ磬ܹ֮鿹⡣
ӵԼʿǿʿӵԼʿӵ޽
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ڷλ֮УѾԡȫںϵİǿǿ쳣ĵزͬ׼޵Сһֱ⣬ʿôĹ￹⣬ףʿ֮ΨЩӵʿ۷ǿĴڡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬״̬İλӣֻǽӵıĿǰʵǽ磬ʮΣգвͻ档
ǽһƬ޾λŵĹڡÿһλ涼ӵǽӵĽڵ㡣ϣǽ֮пԴһλѸٵĴԽһλ档
һλ֮·ĿʵϾǿϡԴǽΪŦͨǽ֮еķǽ֮пٳһƳ涴λŤ·
ǽ֮Σأ彻ϵµĳΣԺ͹ԵԵǽӵ鶼޷˽Ĺۺ塢ǿǽĿֲܹһλ棬鶼޷ǽޡԶʱѾǽĹ塣鼶ǿ߼ǽ֮УҲʮΣգĿܡ
ǽ֮йҶ䣬Σأʿǿ⼸Ǿһľ档ɲһǽͱ˸ɵ
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ûؽҪʮλĳϽҿһ£ĸطܹҵֱ
һֳϽĸֲ̬ȫǽɫ鼮֮ڡ
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ʥħʢħŨ֮ءħ塢ħԨħʬѻ֮ءʮλ֮һħλ桢޾Ԩλ桢ʮλ֮һĹħ硢ǽ硢֮λĵħʢֺϽ𡣡
ڶδ½Ѱֱ֮һҵȥԼλõķǼǿĺôǶӴ֮Ϣ֮ϵľ޴ࡣ
ʥħرԼرϵҪϣԻá
ɱаκ˫Ŀӵ»ʿΪУɱڼˣеıɱ˱洫ӡԻһʥħ𡣡

ɨһЩƤϵš
ҪʥħֱѶȼߣ϶»ʿܹнӵĿǰʵȥʮ
ħѹħħħħۻѫ㣬һʥħ𡣡
濴һ֮˫һ¶һ˿˷ܵЦݣʺң
ħʵϾǲ֮λ½ĵµ硣


387 󽫾Ԫ
֮λ˴ʿʳλǿ߶ǵĹץʿʹ
ÿһʿʳ֮Щλ嶼֮СջۣǵҲγһɿʿǸطͱ֮Ϊħ
ʤλڵһĳУҲǰҪĺڲԼʿĳС
ʤһᴩһݣǰʤǵߣԴԴϵԼʿǵ֮˶ʤڣȻͨʤǣҪͶȥ
ħԸħڰħһʮΣյĹͬҲʮַ
ҰĲ˶ǰħħùѫȡطԴÿһ궼ħ֮ӱ¡ͬҲĬĬŵЩڰĿУɻҰ֮еһʬǡ
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Ԫʿڴ֮λӴ󽫾ĸλλȨءͬʱҲƬħսָӹ١ĴﾹȻӭСȻʮ𺳡
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ǹѫڸҪ֮УѫһСɱһͷһʿħ־ͿԻ1㹦ѫɱʿħֿԻ3㹦ѫɱʿħֿԻ10㹦ѫɱʿħֿԻ100㹦ѫɱǿʿħֿԻ50000㹦ѫɱ»ʿħֿԻ5ڵ㹦ѫ
ǹѫϷֱīսŴҪ֮УǰλӵеĹѫֵΪհ°ܰĸ񵥡Ŷϲѫ鿴񵥣ʲôŵҲ˽ǹѫ֮ϵİ񵥣֮šܶƽǾΪǸ񵥣УŸı˳ͷءշ΢ЦΪ͵
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һܳ磬ԽһֱֵӽɻԻͣͬһʹĺīսָӲ֮ǰ
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һâָӲ֮շԼ˵ϣȷǵݡ
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շһ鷿֮ǰŵշ࣬ʿԽ𣿡

Ǽ鷿ĴֱӴ򿪡
һ̤鷿֮ڣͿ˴һɫװȻòͨȴΪľװԵЩ˧Ԫһ֮ϣһڿš
Ǵ󽫾֮ϣһɫװų۾Եʮֳ֪ԵĴŮޱĴŸָıӦô󽫾Դĸļ
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Ԫ׵ĻһշԼͷ֪Ů̧ͷĿһۡ
ʦ֣Ҫʥħһ˵ùѫʥħҾ͹ˡ
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Ԫ׳ƺΪŮһץ֮ץһСӣֱӶԪ׵е󽫾Ŀǰ滹9ʥħҪµʥħ𣬱ȵꡣ
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388 
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ȥ֮Ԫ׿ıӰ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Сʦܣϣܹһϲ
뿪˺īսָӲֱӻһħܳŭʨҪķƶ
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֮УֵĲЩħ֣Щɱ֮ĵ͵ħ֡鱨ʾЩڰͬٳһͨλλ֮·ԴԴϵĽֵͼڻ͵ǵ
˵ڵĲ㣬Ǹָħ֡Ԫ״󽫾Լλһ̽ħ˴ձȻص˵㡣һ˵档
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ŭʨҪλڰʤԱİٹ֮
԰ʤΪģŴҪΪϣγɵһԼʮʮƽǺīսռݵء
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ŭʨҪΪǳǽ֮ϣһŲߵʿһʮ໥֮乲ſһǿޱȵĽ硣
ŭʨҪڲžʮߵʿŭʨҪڲߡǽ֮ϵʮʿƻڳǵʿ
ŭʨҪ֮ڣһ;ʿͷųǿֹЩ໥ںϣ仯ֹ
ĿһۣͷŭʨҪ֮Уһ˶ӵжʿΪһͨʿӵжʿΪʿǿ߸洦ɼǿʿҲ١
շһƵ֮ڣ÷ֱӽһװݳ޺ķ֮ڡ
շһĵĶ棬ûʽļֻܹӶսӶĻɱ¾ħҲͬԻ۹ѫѾҺһӶţȽȥǺúѧϰһս֮սһ֮òʣӶŵҲСһ£һҪúѧϰЩӶսľʮֱ󡣡
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շ˵Ķȷġս֮ϣһЩûʵսûзӳԼʵս֮ϱ˸ɵˡţҲʲôҪһɾ飬ܹõĳɳ
ĴƿƵڽսƷÿһʮֳɫŮӶŴ˽ΪһһȥԼʮ꣬Өѩһβİ͹£ӵоգȴ·ɽһɢѩʵľɫˡ
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ŮǸɫΪɫˣȴΪ׵ľɫ˵ĹȫѹƣΪ˳ʵҶ
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ԴǸǺã档ʮָлǵĺ⣬ӦֻҪһ򵼣иħ֡ΪҪ׬ȡ5ڹѫȡһʥħֻ޷ǰٺӶһж
ǻഺϢ̶̲סļ5ڹѫڿЦ𣿾ƾһʿҲ׬5ڹѫ̫ˣΪϷ𣿻ΪĶֻһЩ׸ͨˣˣħ֮УҲӵһʿʵЩ㶼ǼʮϰĴжвǿʿҲᱻЩɴ
ʵԲŮüͷ΢΢һʦ̶֣Ȼ˵ֱһ㣬ȴһҲûħ֮УûκһħֿСܶʿЩĹ֮УЩħּ޾һЩʿħֻҪΣա
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̶ʦ㣬߰ɡһﲻ֪ߵغ񣬾ԼúüʶһħĿֲǸķѾǸԪ״󽫾ˣԼʶôǰٺӶҲǺæġ
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һ̶֣㲻˵
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ʮ֮Уսħѹϵ֮ĹϵʮС֮вŮӾǼ޸սħڵеΪޡ
һĹϵɲŻԸµ汣ķ
浱ϵã²˳٣ھ߰ɣ
תŰٺӶŵŮ뿪˷䡣
շͷһ̾˳ȥ󽫾ʦܻͷۣ


389 ƶװҪ
ŭʨҪڲƻͨâִأ·һҹ֮ǡŭʨҪ֮⣬谵޹⣬ڰִأ·ֲĴڴ˶ɡ
ʿҪĻ֮ЩǿԼħＤսĻ֮Уʿװĸ֪ر̷ںڰ֮ħҩ߼ӳֺڰӾһķ
ǺڰĻ֮УӵѪʿϴڲĻ֮СǺڰĻǻڰսڰ顢Ѫ塢ħӰȵȡ
ħܳһͣŭʨҪĳ֮ǰһ㳡֮ϣħ֮ܳһС
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ǰװٺӶ֮е棬һĿһ¼ϡЩʿ㱣ǣûǰս档ϾҲܹڰװٺӶˣʵǿݼΪ򵥵ˡ
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ʤ󲽵˹޾İƳһۣһĨԼмѾǿʿ߽׵Ĵڣ־ͿһʿĴʿ
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ʤ۲棬תɣĿȣŵɣ£һɱħ֣һٳ63ѫļ¼ڵΡ
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սħڵţһҪ5ڹѫҲܣֻһʿôһ֮ڻ5ڹѫ

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һ뿪ŭʨҪףһؿһöƵĴԪ£һ貵ĹâҫһֱߴףȫѪֶװף鲼ڿڵһƶװҪس˵ǰ
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ŭʨҪ֮еʿǿһƶװҪأһĿɿڴг֮ɫǴûпҲû˵
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ֱ̤һƶݣƶװҪ档
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ʿʳ֮УҲ˻еܾšܵǰʿʳӰ죬ǿȻҲоеչȴĿƼȫͬ
ʿʳ֮󣬴󲿷ֵļѾʧĿǰ֮λȻҲвֻеʿ֪ʶںϵĲԻеƼۣȴǸȲĿƼ
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һ뽢ңŮͿһԱʻλ֮ϣһеԱһĻֹߣγһȫϢͶӰһĿȻĿƶװҪΧľ
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װٺӶŵŮ֮ҲһĨһ˷֮ɫĴĴǽľǽ棬ÿһط˿ƻõϢ֮λʿֽȻͬϢÿһطЩŮǸеʮ档


390 ȳħȺ
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ǳħ֮еĻȳħˣȻֻһǵĿȴ»ʿļܹɵǵķֳӵгԴһԻȳħ˾Ϳһ֮ڣֳʮȳħ׳档ǵڼֻ̣Ҫʮʱ䣬ܹɳ졣
ЩȳħÿһжйڵĻȳħ˾šǿʿᱻɵĿֲ棬쳷ŭʨҪҪſǿĽ磬ԵֵЩȳħ˵ĹշһȫϢͶӰɵĻȳħӰȻɫ䣬ʧе
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ŭʨҪʿһ֮еĻȳħˣ׷ɫ䣬ѸٵŭʨҪ档
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޺΢΢һ뵽շǰӭһĻĿǹѫ֮Ѱš
޺֮һĨ֮ɫĿĶǹѫ°֮ϲŵ֣ھڰÿ죡Щʲôôôͻ20ѫһڲϵ
25ѫˣÿµļһ
ŭʨҪѫ£ҲͬΧһȺʿЩʿǶŹѫ֣֮һ¶֮ɫ
27ѫˣĹѫúÿ죡̫ˣ
ʨҪѫ£ҲΧһȺʿĶŹѫ֮֡
35ѫѾ˹ѫ°ˣÿµļһѫȻûֹͣ
40ѫˣڳµĹѫǶ˹ѫ°ף̫ˡ
Ĺѫǿ£

ʨҪʨҪʨҪʨҪʨҪʨҪʨҪȾŴҪѫµʿǶһĶŹѫ֣֮۷׷ףڴ
һʮʮ٣ʤǡŴҪʿǶͻȻð澪ʿ˷ΧǹѫԵ
ʮѫǿҪɱͷǿʿħֻʮһħֲܹõľ޴ѫħ֮У֮ħԨ֮λϢģϵķʩչǿʿǿȫ֣һιҲֻܹɱһͷһʿħ֡ħ֮Уʮͷһħ֣ǿʿǿɱҲ޷ɱ⡣


391 ݻٻȳħȺ
īսָӲ鷿֮ڣ֪ΤȻ̧ͷһ΢΢𶯵ͨѶħ˼䣬ַ£һ·ѾԪ׵󽫾СʦĿǰѾ˹ѫ43ѾɵɱµĹѫΪ°ס
Ԫ״˺һᣬӣһɫĹâ֮зɳûڣ˫۲Żָɡ΢΢ҡͷ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ʲôҵСʦѾΪ°ףٺ٣ȻЩ¡Ҳ̵ıֿɱȵЩʦʦĶҪҫࡣ
ƶҪװؽ֮ڣɵȼŮͨȫϢͶӰƶҪװ֮ȳħͬɶ˻һ㱻ƶװҪصĻճɻңһ֮ж֮ɫ
һƬȳħγɵļž˼ִģĻȳħ˾ų»ʿһӶŵǿʿвҲǿֲĻȳħ˾֮С
ħʮλ֮һľ޳λһֳ֡ǿԸߣηĳħ˾جΡ
ȳħڳħ֮нڵ͵ڻϵУڳħ֮еλ֮м͡ڻҳħ˵ɾܹڣħĻ֮Уòڻҡ
»ʿڲ֮λϵķһݻڵĻȳħˣħĻһڵĻȳħ˾ҲҪ˱ᣬͻᷨľ
Ȼ֮䣬һСɵͨѶħ΢΢һһͨѶħͨѶħ֮б㴫һȻ֮Ůɣڹѫϵ°׵λøոձһˡ֪Ǹ˵ԼĻҿԴ󷢴ȱǸ˵Ŷ
ɵ԰ɣ
ͨѶħ֮ǸȻŮ֮ӿһĨȣô֪
ɵھߣɱЩȳħˣ
ͨѶħ֮ǳȻŮӿһ󼤶ʶ͹Ҹʶһ°ɣ
ЦڻȳħȺ֮СһŵĻȳħȺӦóһǧ򣡡

ͨѶħһߴһƬļµĳĬȻٴɣ֮Լɡ
΢΢һЦã
ֽͨѶħźãɵĿǽһƬȫϢͶӰ֮ϡ
һƬȫϢͶӰȫƶװҪΧĻԼ仯ԲʮľţǻȳħȺα仯ȫϢͶӰű仯һĿȻ
շࡢԼٺӶ֮еŮʿǶȫϢͶӰסˣʮȫϢͶӰζʲô
ȫϢͶӰζƶҪװصĸɨѾﵽһ˼ĵزȫս󡣵˵һһ޷ƶҪװصĲ׽ֻҪΪָӹٲһ´ȷͿɵĻһһĵˡ
Ҫ֪ħ֮У»ʿǿߣҲֻЩͨ㡢Լģͷǿ߲ܹĳ
ƶװҪشĳЩǶ˵Ѿڲ»ʿǿ֮ϡ
ǻȳħȺͬɶ˻һƶװҪغһᣬʧʮ֮󣬴ǳȺһޱȵĳ֮
ͬһĻȳħ˶ʱһͣȻɢγһСһСɵΧƶװҪصΧ
˶ĻضļΪ޴ǻȳħȺȻָߣսķ
Ȥָ𣿡¶һ˿Ц⣬ƬȫϢͶӰһҪҪ棿ˣǽˣ
ȫϢͶӰ֮ʾͷʿ߸ߴ׵Ļȳħʮֽƻų֮С
Ļȳħ˻ҵϢȫڸסͷʿȳħ˵»ʿǿҲȳħ˻ޱȵ֮ͷΪָߵĴʿĻȳħˡȻҲ޷նжɱͷʿĻȳħˡ
ƶװҪܹһҫѸٵĽſֲļ㡣
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ͷʿĻȳħ˲Ϣ֮㱻֧飬֮׹䡣
ܹԵļ֮£ʿĻȳħܶͱֱӺɱ
ͷʿĻȳħһ֮ǳһǧĻȳħһ˻֮УһܼޱȵĳһɢеƶװҪسеǷ˺ڰ֮Уеɢ˵ϣҲ޷γɹģ
ƶװҪ֮ϵ45׻ڲϵĺһͷһͷȳħ˸ոսӽƶװҪֱӴ򱬡
ƶװҪصĲŴ򿪣һܼܼӹ˷װõĻеȻɳƶװҪΧѲնɱЩ˻ڷߵĻȳħˡ
ƶװҪؾһսһħٷȥ
ȳħ˱ѵʬ֮׹䵽˵¡
ÿֲս
ƻۣǸ޴սѾԶԶǿʿ֮ϣ

ŭʨҪſڵʿǿ֮µĻȳħˣж¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʤۿѾħ֮еƶװҪһĨĽͼʣʲôˣôôֲսսħڵ洫ֻҲûôֲս
ƶװҪؽ֮ڡ
ڽλ֮ϵ
һԵĻеپ׼ޱȵĻشղŵսԴ0.1%浯ҩ2%Դڳ֮Уɻ1Сʱ0123롣
΢΢һЦʦã⸽ħĵطģˣʥħڵĵط
ü΢΢һʦ㣬ҵΪߣӦýʦ㡣ǹأ𣿡
ʵʵãʦ㡣
ȫϢͶӰ֮ǰһһָߴԼһʮĵطһħ˵ĳѨ񵽹һӵʥħĿʯǱ߿ӵʥħĿʯҪ㣬ƬӵʮͷǿʿĳħˣпܸࡣҲս֮УΣյ֮һгǿʿǰٺӶҲҿ˵ء
ȻôΣգֱ»ʿֲ»ʿ֣ӦÿԵƽ
ɵûô򵥣ĳħ˹ǻȳħ͸ߴ֮ޣǻȳħȺѾӵв»ʿԪ״󽫾ҲֵƽЩħ˵ĳѨΣÿһԪ״󽫾һħ˵ǿ߶ѾӵӰ١ҪݻǺѣĻʵ̫ˡ


392 ħ
ħ֮Уӵħħһ֮УҲӵǿߡӵʿΪԪ֮ȷʵ޵Уɱħ
ħ֮УԪ׶ҲΪ޴൴ƽһݵҪ֣صŴҪϢָпܻᱻЩ»ʿħΧɱ
ֻҪԪ״ǾŴҪĽ֮أʿħֹһҲδܹīս
ħ֮еħʱ޿̶ݻǾŴҪȴΪֻͬԪһʿصĺīսҲͬոƬħȫƬħ֮еħ֡
°ͻôΣյĵطܹһˡҪЩ׼С
̶ֱڿͬһֻȸһ㻹ŴҪļλ첻ǳħ˵ĳѨƶҪװȷʵħ˵Χ֮£ʣھ͹ȥ鷳뿪ǿɲȥ
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üͷ΢΢һ壬Ŀշϣ۾һڴһȱһ򵼣շУܹҵ𣿡
ħ֮Уֲħ֣һɫ򵼣Σա
շ¶һЦݣնǸҾСģûзƵĴ㡣ءһҸ뿪
ţȻͣλô
һᣬһָָǳħ˳ѨŭʨҪмһƬҰ֮ϡ
ϸĲ鿴һΧĵ΢΢ͷطֵסҲŭʨҪԮ
һº͵ԲŮչһЦʦܣħ֮УһҪ棬ԼʱҪ󷽵ϵħ֮УǺīսÿΪԭǿʿʮȱԼѪܵľ顣
ף΢΢ףչһЦҲǲ֪ôˣȻǵĶǾ̸֮ͨǰ˵Ǿԡ
һƶҪװÿСʱ60ٶȷһٹ֮󣬲Ŵս䵽˵ϡ
һ·֮ϣƶװҪ֮ϵĸڻûͣЪָħֶƶװҪصĺը֮£׷׷飬䡣
ǸҪĹѫ֮ϣ֮ĹѫĿҲڲϵšȻû֮ǰһӼʮѫôֲǹѫĿȴȲš
ƶװҪһ䵽ϣһֱӴ򿪣ǲ֮8սͬˮһӿռ˸Ҫء
һܼܹ̻˴ǲ֮з׷ӿʼƶװҪ֮У޽̨
ɨЩڽĸ̨һе̨ΪʵĽ졣
ܾ޴󣬿ڶδ½֮Ѿ˳һĴͺ˵վÿһ춼ӴޱȵͨԾţԴӶδ½ԴԴϵ䡣
ڡػǹʵһʹãͻĴĸʡħƬòʮֵѡӶδ½ʹҲ̫޴󣬶Գ־սΪ
Ǹ̨ѾãЩֻ̻ǽ̨װ˹Ľȼ죬ûãһƬܵμ̨ͳڵȸָ̨ѸٵĽ
ͬʱԴԴϵսҲƶҪװ֮ӿ˳ܿ쳬˶ʮ
Ƕʮߴ׵ս˼Ǿ޴Ӫ֮ڣ·һֻֻ޴һ㣬ǡ
̶ս˳һöеܣôĻеܣƶҪװôװ£
ԥһźʵƶҪװڲӦʹ˿ռ䷨ɣʦܣ
ƶҪװ֮е̫࣬ɵŶЩۻңЩʧȥš
΢΢һЦû
ʵʹԾ֮һЩڶδ½֮еսԴԴϵ˹
ӵԾż涼ӵжδ½ԼλڻԴԴϵ͸ʡ֮ħĵ
ƶҪװؽ֮󲻾ãħһƽûһͷħֳ֣·Щħֶһ㡣
̶һ֭һᣬȻüͷ΢΢һ壬ȫϢͶӰô£ôͻȻûħˣ
ڵɱ˰ɣ
̶һ۵ô򵥣ħħ־һôɱɱ⡣ֻҪ뿪ŭʨҪʮϡ¡ˮɽﶼЩĵħ֣ôɱɱ⡣ͻȻһ⣡
ɳһᣬ֮һĨâ֮һɼᶨûһ⡣ûв´ĻһдħڼᡣħηЩħ֣ŷ׷ߡ
֮һĨ֮ɫȫϢͶӰһָˣ
ħ֮УƯһڵĳƣգ·նȫڸǡǿֲĳȫǻȳħˣƵĹģŭʨҪΧĳֹ
ǵ֮ϣһȺȺ飬ͷ­ȴͬһ㣬ϳһħˣԼߴףһԼ֫ؽڴеħ롣
΢΢԰ףǵصĳƣ֮һĨأϣȳħˡħˡħ룬ǳħ֮ͽ׵ڻ塣Ҳ˶ĵϡʿҲԸħ֮Щڻңǵʵ̫ˣֳҲ̫̬ˡôɱɱ⣡
԰ײЩĵħ˾ͷ飬ҲܹսЩħӵоСǻӵ·
Ů˱ͱȽηӡǻȳħˡħˡħħ֣ªһ޴ӵģͨ˿˶ηͶġȻЩħ棬ȴͬ
һĨ˷֮ɫ鷳Ҳȫ֮˵ܹ׬һʥħѫˡ
ǧ̻˵ĸϹ֮£Ѿϵļ̨عâһһֱû֮Уǻȳħ֮ڡ
Ǽ֮еĻȳħ˶ᴩһƬ·
Щеǹȫֳǹ֮еĻȳħȥ
˲佫ȫ֣һͷͷȳħͬһ֮׹¡
ЩħˡħȳħڻսʿҲͬһƶװҪ߷ӿͬһƬɫĺˣȫڸǡ


393 սȺ
ǳһŵĴھڷ񿪻ڵͬһǳħĵ沿֮С
Щħˡħȫһǿֲ׵ĸڻ˲䱻ǿֲĸڻɣըķѣճҺĽ

ǽ֮ڣ̶ȫϢͶӰԭħ˲ʧһ飬̲ס̾
֮ҲͬһĨ֮ɫ
շƯ˫һôȫϢͶӰѩ׵˫ֽס΢΢Щ
ںһڻٶħˡħ뱻ֱĨȥ
ħ֮У»ʿ޷һĨôħֻ֡ʿȫ֣ܹһݻħ֡
ʤǹѫǰ
쿴ֱˣĹѫֱˣ
һԵʮѫ̫ˣ
һԱʮѫѵһ¸ɵͷǿʿħ𣿡

ǹѫ֮ǰЩԸ̽ǶǹѫĿɿڴ˷ܣ۷׷ס
޺Źѫ֮ŵĹѫѩ׵˫ֽţҧг𺧣ʮѫĹѫôô죿
ʮѫ̫ˣ
ʲôôһ±ô๦ѫ

ǾŴҪĹѫ֮£ЩΧڹѫ֮µʿǿǱǵĹѫ۷׷ף˷ܡ
ʤվŭʨҪĹѫ֮£̧ͷ֣г˼֮ɫĹѫڽֻȵ湦ѫһͷ
һֲֿڻ֮ǿֻʣһЩǵħˡЩħ˻ûпǸ̨أѾЩеǹһһɵ
󷽵ħȡ˽ѵĳţն𣬵ͿշУƶװҪڵķȥ
ЩħǿʼѸٵľأڳһѨӶѨ̨ڵȥ
֮ǻȳħγһźѹѹĳƴƶװҪڵķȥ
һͷͷӹŷװáĻеǹȻ𣬵ǻȳħǰһĻ棬Щȳħ˵ϡ
Щȳħǻ֮£һŻ֮׹䡣
ܻеǹγһ֮ڣŻ棬Щȳħһһա
֮з·һ꣬Ļȳħ˴֮׹䵽˵ϣš
ЩͿշеħҲЩŻĻеǹסǻϯգһŻ֮׹䡣
ǻȳħˡħ˺ηǰ̵ЩеǹȥǰħΪƺӲЩеǹǰĹЩеǹ
һܼܻеǹſ˷ֵ֣ħ˵ķ񹥻ͬʱѸٵĺ󳷡
ЩΪԤӵĻеǹܹԵĵ֮£ѸٵӭǰĹħˡ
֮ϵļ̨̨໥棬һûǼ޾ħȺ֮Уÿһ䶼ͷħֱ
ЩеҲװ˷װãɵ֮Щħˡȳħɱһ
ǻеħ֮ļս֮УЩսϼŵķ˴󹦣Ƿ绤ֵı֮£Щս˾㱻ΧҲǷֱ֮ǰݶˣصҪ油֮󣬼ս
ÿһ̶гǧħ֮е䣬Ƭݻٵսȴࡣ
̾ʦܣЩе֮Ϲ̻ķ൱ˡ
ٺӶŵŮʿҲһĨ֮ɫĻеһܵĻǷǻеѾһôĻеܾһɿֲ
΢΢һЦĿȫϢͶӰ֮ϣֻȫϢͶӰ֮ʾЩħھƶװҪڵλƶš
ڡڡڶ޷Щ׵ħϡ
Ȼʦ㣬Щħڴ𣿡
ɵУһΪǿ缶رγɵĴڡǿڶر˼ӳ֣溣ʿǿʹرпܻһ棬֮ͨͨ
΢΢һɣ´˼̵ط
һ̻ǿʼѸٵľأΧʼѸٵھһһֱʮң׵Ĵ󶴡
Щħոմӵض㱻غĻеһնףȻʬĶһߡ
ħѵڳһصոմӵصͱغĻеֱնɱ
ƶװҪ֮Уһ֮ڣϵ߳еǹееڱȸָսˡ
ӴޱȵĻеս֮вһͻưءȻͻһʮءءӵжδ½һ½ΪڻأܹӴĻеš
̶黹ڲӿս̲סöеܣ
ɵȰٺӶŵŮʿҲЩľĿǲӿĸսˡڿһһս˵ʱǻЩ𾪣ڣȴѾЩľˡ
ǻеų֮󣬱淢˽װ˷װõĻеֱնЩͿշеħɱһ
ͬһܼܽһ㣬ЩħЩеǰһء
ܼĳħ˴һܼܼ˻Ļеǹնһ潫ħ˴ճһŻ
ǿֲĻеһᶨޱȵǰƽţǳħ˴Ƶòˣÿʱÿ̶ħ˴顣
֮ϣŽںͳճҺĳħʬ塣
ɿȫϢͶӰĿǴųħ˴һıǿֲĻеŲʳţڽںˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ͨѶħһһһͨѶħͨѶħ֮дǸĽɣ˰򣡣Ĺѫͻ˰˰򣡣찡ô쵽ģһ죬һ죬Ĺѫͻ˰˰򣡣ǾŴҪĽǳ֣Ҳδܹ˿ֲսɣô쵽ģ
΢΢һҲû顣Ǵ˴ԼϵĻеһɱ˳ȥ˳һᣬڱһϵĳħΧǻռơ

ͨѶħ֮дһ̾ϵĻеܣһڳħΧǴ档һڳħΧǾλҲҪ˱ᡣȥۺúÿһ°
ͨѶħ֮дɣ֮һҪܸʶ
ɵã֪ˣ
ɸոշͨѶħͿ̶ŮҲ׷еͨѶħԶѽŹͨ
̶Ů֮϶¶ǽԺЦݡħ֮УҲûмܹʶһϳħ˵ս˳»ʿ֮⣬Ļ϶ˡ


394 ѫ
һǧ򣡣ĹѫȻͻһǧ򣡣̫ˣ
ʤڣ޺ǹѫֱ֣֮ӿһĨСһ֮ڹѫһǧֹܹĴڡҪ֪֮ǰīս°ѫߵɣҲֻ50ѫҡ
޺Ľսɣȴûһ˿ս档
һǧѫһǧѫˣ⣬ֲ̫ˣ棬ѵ»ʿ𣿡
ɵʿ»ʿôô̵ʱ֮ڻôĹѫ»ʿɱͬ׵»ʿӦһٻ5ڹѫʿ㣡
ûʿħ֡ʿ֮еǿߣ
ʿˣīսдж

ǹѫΧʿǹѫ֣֮۷׷ף²ⲻϡ
޺Ծ΢΢һĬĬûӦһʵʿҲֻܹôǿ󡣡
ʿֹȻ
ʿˣսҲֻеԪ״󽫾ħ泲ѨʱųֹΣ
ʿȻںīսǲǺīսджˣ

ŴҪѫ֮ǰΧȺ˶Ķǹѫ°֮ϵǸ۷׷סʿ֣ж˳֮ɫ
»ʿǿ߾Ѿڲ֮λ濪ɣȥﶼ𾴣ǹϵǿߡ֮ϵʿǿϡޱȣڴ֮УҲλȨأᱻΪ󽫾ѹķ
ԪȻغīսͬҪֵĴ٣ʿǿּ߳ѿЩͨʿŻ˺䶯Ͼ˵ʿҲͬͬһǿʿǳݵż
ʤۿ֣˫ڵļ֮ҧгݵʲôʿֻһͨĴʿˣ˵ļսħڣôıҪҲʮɾͺˣ
īսָӲǼԪ׵ר鷿֮ڣ֪ΤȻ̧ͷһ΢΢𶯵ͨѶħ˼䣬֮ҲһĨ֮ɫһƽ󽫾СʦĿǰѾ˹ѫһǧ˰򡣡
⣬ڽԪһ»عĵһǧ˰ѫͻһǧ˰ѫС²Ҫ
Ԫȫع֮ʱҲһĨ֮ɫϵȫʧ׷ʵʲôһǧ˰˵һǧ˰棬һǧ˰ѫ
Τ΢΢һٿԪ⸱Ծģڿгãȴƽޱȵûȷ˵ͻһǧ˰ѫˣѾ׼ȷ֣ĹѫѾͻǧ򣡡
ԪһЦ̾ǧѫһʱͻǧĹѫʤСʦܵı֣ʦֵĶЩҴʿʱ򣬿ûô͡
ΤҪĳɼӵħѫ𣿡
ħѫλڵڶλãħѫͨŵѹħĸսеĹѫֻҪսͬħѫܹͨԼսеһ˽ħѫ֮Уѹħʿ֪š
Ԫ¶һԴ˷ܵЦݵӦֲŶԣսħڳ̫ˡҲ֪СʦܹܵߵʲôزǾһأͨɣǵñעϣսħڵˣ
Τǣ
㣬֮һʹ÷ɵ̫
ʹ÷ɵ̫âأǵ·粢޶¡ΨһȱݾǵԿնһ氼͹ƽұڡ㶼Ѿȫʺ
Ǵһΰޱȣһη۳ħǡ
ħǾǵħսĴԺ࣬ҪǴħ֮з
ħ룬һߴףͨڵĴѫ
һѫո˵ڶĴʵ۳µĹѫҲǶࡣ
ʿǰħܵʹôģϵһħ֮еĸһ㣬Ҳܵ
ڼƵĻȳħȺֻзֲֳڻħ֮У»ʿҪ˱ᡣ棬ֻҪʮǿʿʩչΧϵܹɱϵЩʵСȴݶĴڡ
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ֻĻеʲô֮Уܹӳ100%սȲ̫Ļӳ֣Ҳ̫ܵĻơ
λڵĴѫѹ¶磬ͬʱҲͨѫͨĸѫǿǸս
֮еħֵԸǴݻٵѫͻΪЩħֵĴӪǾͿõΪǰأģֲ֮λ档
ǴѫڵǿޱȵĽ磬Բ֮ڣκ˽롣
Ǵѫ֮⣬ΧˣЩ˵ĿⶼǴѫ֮ϣǴѫ֮ϵһ֡
ѫ֮ϵÿһֶһͬīսһĳսĹѫһˡЩ˶Ǵ֮еսţֻҪǰ;һƬ
սɵźӰûеһ£ͻһʮѫǿµļһ
Ӱʲôŵɲǿšһ²Ѿһʮѫ
ţʲôȫһЩսˣҪûпܣںӰǰһж߲ʿӦôܹʵǵ۷塣
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ǴѫΧ۷׷ף໥ţΪ˭ǵһ۲ݡ˶࣬Ҫ
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ѫʮ֮ڶʥʥŮȻǹһţ
ǵȻǺųʥڰѵһţΪ»ʿѶȡϣΪʿʿҲһ˿ϣ

Ǵѫ·ЩǿŴѫϣ°һǸ֣жĽ֮ɫ


395 ǿʿħ
쿴ˣˣ̫ڵʥԪѫ
ѫʮ֮һ̫ڵʥӣ
ѫһЩ»ʿĽǳ֣һҲô๦ѫ̫ǿˣ̫ڵʥӡ

ѫΧǿǸԪ֮һ˷
ʮ֮Уǿɾ̫ڣӵ溣ǿ̫ڴ֮ڣڴĻ壬Ƕ֮һ
˷ܵԪ¼֮ʱǴѫâһ˲˴ѫ֮ϣһԾΪס
˭棬ʲôˣǧѫ⣬ôܣ
սħڵ棿ʲôˣսħʲôʱôһˣ
ǧѫѵʿ𣿡
ʿȻֻһʿ⣬ѫһʿôܻǧѫ
īսﵽ׷ʲô

ǴѫΧһ֮һе˷ȻֹһĿɿڴԼ۾
Ԫǿʿľһ֮ڻĹѫѾΪֲ澹ȻԴʿľһ֮ڻǧѫֱ졣
ӣ򣡣
ʲôٶȣĹѫڲϵӣǼսУ˵ĴģӼսУ
̫ˣһʿħӵĻ֮УȻܹɱ˶ĵˣǿµļһ

ǴѫΧһ˷ޱȡֱ뿪˴ѫǰīսҪһʱ֪׷ʲô
ħīսƶװҪڵ
Ǹս˵ԴԴϵͨԾŴƶװҪӿһƬ޿赲ĸӲ˳ȥ
̻˼ͣƶװҪΧʼһ̨ȸʩ
ЩݻٵսѸٵıǰ֮˻ǽм򵥵ά֮սҪôֱӷֽ⣬ʼ»¯졣
ĳ溣ڸڻĹ֮£ȻҲϴݻһЩսˣǴݻٵսûЩ̻޸ÿ졣
Ͼȳħˡħˡħڳħһ֮жֻзֳǿڻңֶ̫൥ܷ֮⣬ҲûĹֶΡ
ƶװҪؽڡ
˫һĨ֮¶һ˿˷֮ɫЩħ˵ڿϽ𣬿ȡͨĸϽսԼװס治أ
ǻȳħˡħˡħ붼ʳһЩǵøӵǿʵǵʱһʿҪǿöࡣͨĵ˲Ƿֺֻ8սΪĻеʵֲ̫ŷ·ɱһŰɱǡ
Щ̻˽ֳħ˵ʬռ֮ѸٵĽϷ档
ӴĻе˵սĵԴΪ޴󣬲Դսսǳħ˵ڿȡϽζɱǿԻþ޴档
ˣĿˣȻЦݣĿȫϢͶӰ֮ϡ
ս֮ϣڻҳħ˵ĺ󷽣ȻʮǿʿĿֲϢʮͷħǿʿħڳ֡
ʮͷǿʿĳħ֮Уʮͷߴʮףһ㻡εڼ׿ǣ˼УͬһͬƶҪһľħ档ʮͷ񵹴̣ͬʱԵۣߴףһĳħˡʮͷ峤ʮףβ͵ľЫӰĳħˡ
濴ʮͷǿʿħֳǿʿħ֣ħ֮Ǵײô㶼ܹʮͷ
֮һĨ֮ɫǿʿħħ֮вټ»ʿħ֣Ҳʱʱ֡ĵɱЩħˣȻֻһڻɱЩڻҳħˣҪҲҪܶԴģ
ǿʿĳħ˷ֱţħˡħˡħЫӳħˣ
ţħӵмΪֲķ;޴ǹԵأǿͻƵĳħˣƶٶȻ
ħƶݣٶȿٶͳħˣսǿɱ󲿷ʿǹֶεһࡢϵԸ
ħЫӳħܹɵĲݰγħ⣬ƻΪֲ»ʿҲܹƣǿҲʮǿᣬƶٶҲսҲȻȲţħˣٶϱȲħˣȴǸ涼ûж̰壬Ѳĵˡ
ѸٵĽǶȻֵʮͷħǿʿħ֡
¶һ˿ЦȤǾħ֮ЩǿʿħֵжǿҪڷ䣡
һƶװҪ֮еܹԷ㣬ŻҪѸٵ΢һٵڴǻҪ֮кԶʮ֮ʮͷǿʿĳħ˺ȥ
͵ĳħˡħЫӳħѸһֱţħ˵ı
ʮͷţħ˵ͷһųһİޱȵĹâһںǵͷֱŤһƫתĵطȥ
һĨ֮ɫ
һƶװҪͨʹѪֶɣǻҪҲĽһŴ͵ĳڡǴͳУһھܹǿʿħֺˣһݻ١ʮͷţħܹɵ£ǵķ֮ǿļ㡣
ǻҪһֺ֮һɫӰţħ˱ɳƶװҪѸٵĽӽ
ʮͷħЫӳħһţħ˱ϣʮβһһڹǵβ֮Ѹٵۡ
һ̣һڴСĺɫħЫӳħ˵β֮ƶװҪغȥ
һܼܻеܱȻֳ־޶ܣſǿķ֣ħЫӵĹ·֮ϡ
һɫĹ׾ٵĹᴩЩеܱķ֣ᴩǵװףһƶװҪصĴͷ֮ϣٴιᴩƶװҪصĴͷ֣һŻҪ֮ϣһʮŻҪڹᴩƶװҪڲ
Ѿסװ׹ᴩ84%ԷһȫװףҪڲ
һϢܹ֮дûʶ֮ڡ
һĨ֮ɫͨƶװҪأûʹѪֶװףһ˵ͱֱӹᴩˣǿʿħ֣


396 ħ
ʮͷħЫӳħһ֮Ѹٵţħ˵ıͷųһԹᴩʮףʹѪֶװ׵ƶװҪħ⹥˵ҲǲСĸ
һɫĲӰһܼսǰĻееǹķȫҲһ˲ķѣ׹˵ϡ
ʮͷǿʿħһͶսԼս֮Ӳɱһͨ
һɫĲӰ֮һܼսֱӷ顣ʮħ˵ƶٶʵֲ̫ûһսܹǡ
濴ʮͷħնɱЩսĬĬٶ͵ĻеҲ޷Ӵʵ̫޴ˣ
Ļȳħˡħ˳ʮͷħնĵ·ӵ룬Χս˷ɱһ
ʮͷħƻЩս˵ͣĻе֮˺ѳһӣЩħڻҷӵ롣»еŵʶʱǡ
ɿһʦܣǳȥʮͷħ˰ɣһħ˻ǺܺöԸġֻҪǽʿܹɵĽǡ
ħ˵ŵȱ㶼ͬԡǵٶȼΪֲҲǿ󡣿һʧȥٶƣһʿʩչܹɵǡ
λħֶ㣬űǻûж̰ʿƵġʿĵ˾顢ħħû̫ĵˡ
浭һЦõģʮͷĸƶ޷־áնɱʮս˾ͻľʧʮսˣ˵ʹ
ʮͷǿʿƶÿֲת⡣8е׽ǵƶ켣ĸƶҲΪ޴ܹԲ׽Ϣз֮󣬱ѸٵĽǻܹάǿƶٶȵʱ͸ݡ
üͷ΢΢һٶ˵ʲô
̶ֹһ䣬֮гĽ֮ɫʮ򿰱ȶʿĻе˵ҪͲҪˣǲƴ֡
ʿĸڴ֮вʲô̶ÿ㶼ܹʮܡһֲͬʮ򿰱ȶʿĻеܣ̶ҪŪ֣ҲҪļʮʱƴǮܹõ
ǽ֮ڣʲôû´Ŀʮͷǿʿ벻ϵƻЩսˡ
ƶװҪصĸ֮УȻԴԴϵӿһܼսѸٵͶս
ͬʱƶװҪظһҲʼתЩħڵϽ𣬿ʼһ
Щ˵ս޸֮ѸٵͶս档
ʮͷǿʿħôݻЩսˣµս˲ȥԽɱԽ࣬ɱ֮
һ⡢ڵȹą֮̂ûǳȺ֮Уÿһɱ˳ǧĳħˡ
ʮͷǿʿħЫӳħҲٹǾ޴ޱȵƶװҪأǴ߶ħ⣬ϵһħ⣬ݻƶװҪ֮ϵĸ̨
ЩħƶĹϣĻеֱſУͬһһſŷַȥ
ǿʿħ˲òĸһܼܻеն顣
ӵܹԵķ֮΢΢һЦţһĵˡսСʱǲ˵Ļͻᱻɵˡ
ɵȰٺӶŵŮʿǼһĻסˡ
ʮͷħսޱȣôɱǸս˶ԴԴϵӿ
ԭȥɱ֮ĻȳħˡħȺܼٶѸٵļš
ЩսȻԴԴϵĴƶװҪ֮зӿ·޾һ㡣֮ЩսˣγһɿֲĻ˺
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Щս˵ĿǰѾİ֮ޣ˿ֲս˾»ʿҲڶʱ֮ڴݻ١
ڲ֮λ֮У»ʿ˿ֲĻеţҲֻܹòʳսԲȫǿֲĻеһս
շһ̾ǿֲ
ǵս˸ʲôս˼γǿֲĻеţ»ʿҲһС
ʮͷǿʿħѾΪֲɱ˳һܵսˣǵս·ùһ㣬ǻеԽɱԽ࣬ൽη塣
濴һĬĬҪͱӴޱȵĻеȫչ֮ǰݻƶװҪزС
̶Ȼеˣɱˣ
ʮͷǿʿħڳɱһ֮һתۣƶװҪڵķһ·ɱҲսʮַḻǿߣһ۾ͿҪݻƶװҪƳѨһԴԴӿս˵Ļأǲпܻʤ
ü΢΢һ濴һۡ
΢΢һЦʦ㣬õģԼǰ
Ļδ䣬ʮΧʮͷǿʿħΧս˲ԱǿֲıըȫеĿռͳͳڣƬ·ɽ
ٶȿ쵽˼޵ʮͷǿʿħҲһ˲ǿֲıը֮Сڳ̫죬һ˲ÿһս˵Ա֡
ǱըϽ齫ʮͷǿʿħһһֱشǣճҺǵ֮·ɽ
ħֳħٶȽһΪֲĵزǷȴԵࡣս˵ԱǿʿħЫӳħ˺Чȴܹشǡ
ʮͷǿʿħ˶΢һ£һ⡢ڡγɵĹ˲佫ʮͷǿʿħ֡
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һܼܹ̻Ѹٵǰʮͷǿʿħֱоڣʼоħ˵幹졢ѪҺԼΪǿսˡ
ʮͷǿʿħ˾ɵˣ
ǽ֮ڣɵȰٺӶŵŮʿǿʮͷǿʿħͬһ㱻о棬ж𺳡
ħ֮Уǻ͵ȳħ֮еǿʿħµĴ̿͡кü»ʿǵ͵ȳħս֮һģͱ͵Ϯشɱ


397 ţħ
ʮͷǿʿħ˻ûнӴƶװҪؾͬһ㱻ɱǶг𺳡
ɵľšǰٺӶŵʦֶԸʮͷǿʿħ˻аյģǰûĸšĳħȺټǿʿħˣԻֱѡߣֻ·һ
ǿʿħҲǵ֮ʿηĴ֮̿һǺīսÿ궼ʮǿʿʿǿʿħɱ
ħ֮ɱħֵʱҪСֳʲôĶ
ĬĬĸ̾ӴĻеħ֮Уǵñһ»ʿĽҪǿö࣡
ʮͷǿʿħ˱ɵ֮ӴޱȵĻеֱһ·ƽƣյĻȳħˡɽҰħˡħӲɱýڽڰˣսʬͲƵ顣
ԭͼħ֮ʮͷǿʿţħͬʮƶҪһƶװҪڵӿ
ݻƶװҪأܹݻǻеŵԴһԴԴϵĳħտһĽʧȥԮĻеȫݻ١
ʮͷǿʿħЫӳħ˶ţħ˵󲻶ϷһħȻƶװҪΧһ̨÷顣
ȻЩ̻˲ϵ졢޸һ̨ʮͷǿʿħЫӳħ˴ݻ̨ٶȣȻԶ޸̨ٶҪöࡣ
ĻеֳֺܱϽܣſ֣һڽе̨֮ǰȻһħᴩըѿ
ħЫӳħ˲ݵħɵתΪᴩħ뱬ըħ⣬ᴩħ»ʿܹᴩըħǿֻ仯ˣ
ƶװҪص̨ʮͷǿʿħЫӳħһ䣬ЩħЫӳħţħ˵
Ǹţħ˵֮׷ױŤɵһߣ˿޷˺ţħ˷ֺ
浭ǿķԶԣЩħЫӳħ˸Ӽһ㣡ȽǺˣ
ĻеȻţħڵķͻ
еӶŸƵ𵴵·ħˡħͳͳն顣
Ƿͻ֮УҲеЩħˡħֱӴӾ֮гȻ˺飬Щħˡħȴ޷ֵǻеŵĳ档Ӳɱһͨ
ʮͷǿʿħЫӳħ˵Ыβһ˦һħȻӿȻɢͬһ㻯һƬǻе֮С
䣡䣡䣡䣡
һܼܻеֱӱħըɷ顣ʮͷǿʿħЫħһ֮£ǧܻеըɷ顣
ԴԴϵĻеɳǵͼħȺӲɱһƬռ䡣
һ̣ʮе˲ԱֲԱΧеĵͼħһɨա
Ǳը֮Уʮͷǿʿţħ˴󲽵ĳ˳ǵʮͷǿʿħЫӡʮеԱûһ˿˺
Ƕʮͷǿʿĳħ˿Ļе˿ûκγɣƶװҪسȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ǿʿʮͷħЫ֫ؽ֮׿ǵķ϶֮У·кݺݵնһ㣬˲ѿɫѪҺһĹؽڴ
ΪħЫҪֶεĴǯԼԲħЫβ·ڷиֱӴ֮Ϸ룬˵ϡ
ʮͷħЫӻûзӦѾ֫һ飬ڵϣʧȥϢ
ʮͷǿʿţħһſ޴ĳһһΪģ˷иȥ
һеи֮£ټȫЩħЫϵ˲䱻гɸָ״ֳΣɢء
ɼһĻ΢΢һݣĻеܣ
ǻĴѵĴ̿͡ǿʿǿЩεĴڣȲʩչԵķҲԴ
ӵλеܣӴĻе֮УͶĴ̿ͣ˷ʤ
ʮͷǿʿţħһն𣬼Ԧ磬ͬʮһƶװҪطȥ
ƶװҪءԼΧĸ̨ʮͷǿʿţħɨšǵ϶ֱӱǵļ׿ǵסŤƫƣ޷ĸ˺
ЩϧϧⲻǶƶװҪأһͿȫˡһƶװҪضԸԷΪеڷǿʿħʵ̫ˡ
ƶװҪԼ̨ĺҲȷʵʮͷǿʿţħ˵ڻڻɱʮͷǿʿţħ֮ǰƶҪؾͻᱻǴݻ١
ĬĬáҡˣ
ƶװҪ֮УȻɳһһƽɫĻеУȫסˣڷλĻ
滯һɳֳֳǹʮͷǿʿţħ˿۶
һȻһͷͷţħ˵֮ϣÿһͷţħһбֱһ׹䵽˵ϡ
ͷȻƶװҪ֮зɳ񼶵ĺ±ſһ磬һſֲޱȵϢȻһͷţħ˵֮ϡ
Ϣ֮£ͷţħһ·ޱȵĲҽУɢŽζһˡ
ͷ񼶵Ļеſһ磬һϢڴһͷţħ˵ϣϢڹᴩͷţħ˵ļ׿ǣشͷţħˡ
ĻеͬˮһӿͷƵţħˣǼսһ
濴Щţħ΢΢һЦʦ㣬԰ǽЩţħ𣿡
һЦȻû⣬ʦܣͺúÿǵʵ
̶һЦٺ٣ڶסʦܣͺúÿǵɣ
ǰٺӶŵŮʿҲ¶һ˿ŵЦݡţħǿʿħҲǷȽǿᡢӵвݷԪصĶ֣Ӷ˵ʲô
ƶװҪ֮Уһ·ɳӰ
ȵ󣡡
̶ŮһΧɣĬģһööͬһķĴǵ֮з׷ӿߵķһ貵Ĺâͬһ¡


398 Ыħ
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սħ֮ӵʮ֮д󲿷طϣΪսħڵѣսħͬӵǺܶϡ
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Ƿޱȵһţħ˵ڣһͷͷţħ˵ļ׿ƿһնӲĽһͷţħͷ­ն顣
һγɵֲ֮һͷͷţħ˵ͷתƣһͷͷţħ˱ֱնɱ޷֮
ûãʮͷţħ˱ȫɵǿߵС
ţħ˱ĻʹǹĶ˵ϣ൱һ̶İӣѲɵǿߡ
նɱʮͷţħֱ֮ӷɻƶװҪڲ
ڽϣ˫ģ̾ʦ㣬
̶΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݡ
ɵһЦûʲôǶѾ̶һط޷޷Ҳǿʿˡκһǿʿа취ǡ
΢Цܹôǣīս֮УҲûмǿʿܹ쵽
¶һ˿ŵЦݵûںīս֮УܹôɽǵģҲֻǰٺӶš
̶ŮҲ¶һŵЦݡ
Щţħ˵ķʮֲֿǿʿҲа취ɵǡûôɾ䡣ս֮ϣʱһܹһ֮ھ׬ʮĹѫΪܹЩħ֮ħִ󲿶ӷӦ֮ǰɱ㹻Ŀ꣬ȻѸٵĳˡ
ţħ˱ȫնɱ֮ĻȳħˡħˡħȳħҲͬˮһ˺ڰ֮С
ʮ򹤳̻˳ûǲļ׻֮ӿĴռս˱ݻٵĲкֳħ˵Ĳклա
ս˵Ĳк¯֮󣬾һµսˣΨһľǴ
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ӴޱȵĻеŻ˹ħ֮ɵųħ˵ĳѨƶš
ݻǳħ˵ĳѨռһʢʥħĿ淢ⳡսĿġ
һ·֮ϣӴе֮еħͳͳƽ
Щ΢ЩǵħһӴĻеţѾԶԶ㿪֮ս
Щûǻ۵ĵ͵ħһӴĻеųȥͱƬΪоز֮һ
Ǿ˵ӵʥħĵطһߴףռǧֲ꣬ԲΣһѨ䳲߷ӵľͳ泲
Ǿͳ泲Բʮĵط鲼һͬһ㣬ɢ˶ĵĳζͬʳһĻɫճҺ
ǻɫճҺ֮У洦ɼһɫСڲϵζţëȻ֮
սħڵ֮У֪ǻɫճҺĸ֮Һĸ֮Һּ棬һЩӴ壬ͻֱ֮ڣмֻǿʿǿ߲ܹƾǿɱЩ档
ֳĸ֮Һĵطսǿ߼ΪΪǱҪĸ֮Һ֮еļ档вǿʿǿҲС
ĸ֮ҺҲǳħһʳȳħˡħˡħһϵе͵ȳħ˾ĸ֮ҺΪʳǵܹЩͳͳɱתΪԼ޷ЩҲЩħ˵ڣǵ
һЩħЩĸ֮ҺļγĹϵĽøӵĿֲǿ
һǳĸ֮Һĳ泲Եһеǹǰǻ֮һĻ棬ĸ֮Һͬļͳͳմ
ȳħˡħˡħǳ泲֮ӿǻеȥ
ĳȺײǻе֮ϣ·ײ˸ְ֮һ㣬ڵʬѵʬ䵽ϡ
ʮеڱϷŸڻ𣬺ǿֲĳ泲֮ϣÿһαըһֳ泲ըķѣճҺĽ
¡ڻ֮һֱڶ泲ϵıڻըɣһıšǺĵͼħҲ޷赲ͬһĻеš
ǳ泲ݻƺѾֻʱ⡣
Ȼ֮䣬ھƶװҪشԼ׵ĵطռһŤһͷ·ʮȿӵ渴ۣڲͬҰһݣͷ·һͷͷһޱȣ˼񵹴̣һɫ׿ǣһЫβͣһԳڱ󲻶ȶɢ»ʿֲĳħ˴ŤĿռ֮һ̤
ɫ䣬ʧЫħ»ʿĳħ츳ǲݿռ֮ĵˣ
շ࿴ͷЫħҲ¶һ˿Ц⣡棬̫ˣֵĹﶼˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ֹһСģϵľðˣħ򣬻ò˿ֵˣˡ
ƶװҪ֮УеĻȫָĻڷͬһͷЫħȥ
ͷЫħĸۺһһ޴ĺɫռ䶴ѨȻǰ
ͬһڻһûǾ޴ĺɫռ䶴Ѩ֮ڡ
ͬһʱ֮ڣͷЫħԳһ޴ĺɫռ䶴ѨǺɫĿռ䶴Ѩ֮зɳƶװҪ֮ϡ
䣡䣡䣡
һ»ƶװҪصķֺ˻֮ϣرĴֱ̨Ӻɷ顣Ѫֶɵ㴩Ҳá
Զ̹Чһµĵˣ
Զ̹ЧĻеͷЫħķȥ
ͷЫħһΣһɲ֮䣬ͳƶװҪصװ֮ϡ
ͷЫħǰлеһ˲ķѣֱ֮׹䡣
ת֮䣬һĨᶨ֮ɫ⣬öյˣħħûнڲ٣Ȼ»ʿĹ۸ССĴʿأʧˣ


399 
׼֮ƶװҪŵö˵ͬʱһɫĹâݻһֻɫĴֺݺһģͷЫħϣͷЫħֱӺ˵ϡ
Īץˣ
һɫľȻ֮УǾ֮дԪ׵ͬʱһɫĹâһͷЫħ֮ϣһɫļĲͷЫħ֮ϣһĽͷЫħɫľȥ
һŻɫͷЫħ֮ϣƴĵֵɫĹâʴ
ԪףΪʿ»ʿ֣ԴС̫ˣб£ȥĲħЫħһĴĪͼ֣
һɺޱߵľ񲨶ͷЫħ֮˷ɢȥи֪񲨶˶˼֮гĿ־塣
»ʿĳħӵеǻ˿ʿеĳħ˱໹ҪͽƻȻҲܹ׵ѧʿԣ֮ǰһֱ˵ΪмΪ͵ȵĴ˵
ԪЦȤĪԼԴСҵСʦܳ֡Ȼ˵ұɣô˵ǸӱɣҵСʦֻдʿΪΪɱ߳󾳽磡
Ī޳ܵĽƱûұ޳ܣұġһֻӣ޳ҲʮԪףսħڵľšɵĻսħڵ𣿷ߣұ֤Ժ󲻻Сʦܳ֡
Ԫ׵ûõģսһսַε뿪޴͸ĴΪһ᷸𣿡
Ī޷ԪףĴеңȾңȾҰ
Īǿֲľ񲨶˷ɢȥǧ
ֻħ֮ûκζûһֻħǰӪȰĪ
޾ĺڰ֮Уһޱȵľ񲨶΢΢һӴʧһƬž
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ܹأԪ׳һսƾѹһʿħ֡
ӴԺīս֮Уͺʿħֳ֡Ҫ֪ʿħڸλ֮Ҳʮϡ١ǿս׳
֮дԪ׵ЦСʦܣɵòɱɣĸ۵ĶҪԴСҾͻ֣ѹ
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΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺иɽĸо治
ͷЫħѹ֮ǳ泲Ҳûзеŵڿսһ֮ͬˮһĵͼħȥ˺ڰ֮С
Ӯˣ
濴ͬˮһĵͼħ˳泲֮ҲһͶսĻеս˵Ѿߴ֮ޡ
ĻеʤʤܣֻҪʤˣʧսˣ»¯졣һʧܣʧ˴սˣҪҪĴĸԴ
δ½ԴḻɱϾ޶ࡣսܣδ½ĸֿԴᱻһա
ռ˳泲֮ЩеǹŻ棬Ǳ鲼ĸ֮Һĵ棬Щһһա
ǳ泲ҲȻеһһݻ٣һߣǻеǹա
һֵ̥̥Ȼ̥ߣĿǰϽз̥Ŀǰǿʿһпܴﵽ»ʿĵزǷڽڽͶӰ֣
ǽ֮УһȻʶ֮
һڽڽͶӰ֣ڱָ̥ԺʹԵͬʱո̥
ǿܽΪ»ʿ̥ܹãнֶһŵơıȻóָǡ
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ʿҩĺܶϡԴһ㣬һʮǿֲĴڣҲͬҪԴܹɹ
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ͷһתЦߴһϢ﷢һʥħǴƽ˰ɣ
һʥħ𣡣
ڳŮŴԣһ֮ųһ˿˿ʡ
̶˫֮ųһСǣΪ֮ϵĲ֮д˿ϲ֮ɫ
ʥħıԿ㡣սħʮ棬һʥħҲҪնɱһͷ»ʿܹʹ͡ħս֮ϣҲҪ50ѫܹһһˡ
ƽֵֻ֣ܹһٿˣҲŮһԾΪ󸻺Ĵڡ
΢΢ҡͷУ޹»ʦܣռħ泲ѨҪʦµĻеܾšֻնɱǼͷţħ˰ˡֻҪնɱǼͷţħ˵ʬǣǸǵıˡ
Ů֮һĨʧȻһĨ֮ɫΪʵǿ˸Уƽ˽ŻǾۼߡ
̶֮еʧҲһźܿԼ顣
һʦ㣬ָ㡣Ҳûпҵħ泲ѨɣҸһٿ˵ʥħ𣬵Σ
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ȼٺӶŵŮʿ֮Ҳ׷¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
̶֮һĨ˷֮ɫ²ʦܣ㻹ħ֪üطۼźܶħ֣һȥɨô
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֮Ҳ¶һ˿⶯֮ɫĻеһ·ɨȫҲ


400 ع
΢΢һЦѾ㹻ʥħһħ֮ĿѾﵽҾҪȥչˡ
ɵţʦܣѡûҪĻǱǿʵΪȷʵһ㣬ȥǿʿ֮ٳ;
ʿǿ֮ҲǸ֣ܹ֮ΪһټĴڡսħڵʮ֮УʿʲôֻǿʿĴڲǸ֡
̶Ů֮ҲһĨϧ֮ɫȰ档
ӴޱȵĻеŽƬɽϸһ֮ҵ˲ϡĿȻſʼˡ
еս˳ƶװҪ֮ƶװҪնڰ֮л裬ŭʨҪڵķ򻺻ȥ
սγɵӴе·γһɿֲĻеŰ֮еƶװҪسˡ
ŭʨҪǰ
һƶװҪշУŭʨҪȥ
ƶװҪ·ͬһ㣬飬һ߼ʵĸͺսˡ
ˣĻеܾŻˣ
ö̫࣬еˣ
⣬ôĻеܣӦóһ˰ɣֲãܹôĹѫ

ŭʨҪĴ֮ǰʿЩʿǷ׷ʩչԶȥж֮ɫ
ʿĿ֮УһƶװҪһͣŭʨҪǰҴ˲š
ԴԴϵս˱Ź̶Ľ࣬ɵĽƶװҪء
öеܣ
̫еˣЩеܵ򣡣
ֲܹôĹѫ

ЩΧ۵ʿǿǼ޾ĸͺս˽ƶװҪضסˡ
еսͳͳƶװҪ֮һŴƶװҪ֮߳
âһһƶװҪֱӷһöĴԪ֮ڡ
һдŭʨҪȥ
һ·֮ϣŭʨҪ֮ǰʿǶóһ·ǿĿ֮жĽ֮ɫ
̶Ȼ棬ȥѫ￴һ¡뿴˶ٹѫ
ŮҲ¶˷ܺڴ顣
΢һᣬҲ¶һ˿Цݵã
ãħܳŭʨҪѫǰһͣǰͣ¡
һдħ֮ܳ߳ŭʨҪѫȥ
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ʲôԱߵɺİٺӶţ
ɲŮòĽһԣ

һһ̤ǹѫΧڹѫ֮ϵʿ۾һѸٵΧ˹·Χżһ㣬Ķ棬´ţСš
̶Ŀһǹѫ°Աߵ֣̲סһ̾ǧٶʮǧʮ㹦ѫ̫ˣʦܣħ֮ʷԴʿһڻ˶๦ѫˣ
֮һĨ֮ɫڹѫ
֮ǰưԹѫ°񣬿ÿµĹѫһ֮ǰǹѫ°ѫ°׵ĺ֮Ĳֱǵؿ˿ֲĲ࣬еĸоȻʮָӡ
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֮һĨʦܣǻҪǰħȸˣ
΢Цã
ɴŰٺӶֱ뿪Ҳշٴ˰ʤںīս֮ܲڡ
СʦܣҪ뿪īս𣿡
īսָӲǼ鷿֮ڣԪббɳ֮ϣޱȵʵ
΢΢һЦһӵݸԪףǵģʦ֣ҽǳ泲㹻ʥħ𣬶һжġʮʥħʦ¡
Ԫüͷ΢΢һСʦܣҶ˵ˣʥħǸļڿʦ𣿡
΢ЦջǸӵʦˣȻˣҾˡ
Ԫ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼ鼫ΪȱߣҽѸʶһ¡ǶҲȤѫ°һһοǸսħڴӣʦ֪ˣһܸˡǧٶʮǧʮ㹦ѫǰʲô̫ڵʥӡʥڵʥŮ
̫ڡʥʮ֮ɣʵԶ˴ɡ̫ڡʥ֮еҲʮ֮
ʮɶԿеʱ֣໥֮ͬݣսϣӸʱȡ
һһٳԽ̫ڵʥӡʥڵʥŮսħڵӣһ򵭲ԪҲʮָˡ
ҹʤյ̫âʧʤȴȻƻͨ·һҹ֮ǡ
ʤڽɫˮɻƵǰʤΪİǼƵ꣬ǽɫˮɻƵڰ˲Уվһû֦չޱȵŮʿԼһòޱȣԸģü֮ȴӡӡŮ
ŮǾƵĵڰ˲֮شμķֳŮʿԼŮš
ŮʿǿЩŮ֮жŲм֮ɫ
ǽɫˮɻڰ˲ھŲ֮һƬ͸Ŀռ䣬ǹ͸Ŀռ֮װݳ޺һ˿˿ǿռ֮
ǿռ֮ˣԪ׺棬һ⣬ȥɷһò̬ͨľګ·һԴǵĴӡ
Ԫ΢ЦŽܵСʦܣΪһ£λҵĺֵܡŭʨҪĽǺʨҪĽҵСʦ档
ˬһЦЩ³棬ɵƯǧٶʮǧʮ㹦ѫȥħԳ֣ܹһͷ»ʿħ֣ҲԱȲ㣡
ޱȵɵúã
ǫһЦҶѣȫƾеĻеˡ
һЦװҲʵһ֣ÿ͢ôװûиرʿЩħֵĶ֡
»ʿķ緶ߣֹסļ·һָһЦСӣЩС㿴һˣֻҪһ仰Ͼˣ
Ԫüͷ΢΢һϽҪСʦܣ
һЦޣԪαӣ鷿Ÿ֪ˣͱװʥˡ棬ʦһס˵ɫЩ͵λķ˹һԺʮһ»ʿħһֻ־ܹٸ˹漸Ůʲô¡ȥôʵһˣҲ˶ʮС𣿡


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һЦĿҲ·ĸŮ֮ɨɨȥѰϲ
ٺһЦԪҪҪҰ㵱ǵ¸Сʦܣ֪ԼʦֵķṦΰ
ԪһЦһȰ˵ȣˣ˵㣡
Ȼɫ棬еĻеܹܲңЩеܣҵҲһ㡣
һһ΢΢һЦԣ֪ǽҪ򣬻ŭʨҪҪǽҪĻҿһܻеܡŭʨҪҪĻҾͲҪŭʨҪһˡ
ˬһЦװɣʦֺˣʱҪ
ԪҲһЦСʦܣװɣһ˵ĵǱߡֻҪ̫־С
Ȼһ㣬ȴΪϡȻ໰֮Ҳ͸¶СȻ»ʿǿ߿Ԫ׵ϣ˼ӣϵĽύ档
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ֱ900ս˸ʤǣȻ˽Ԫһսˣʮ
׵ǶʮսҲøдǶʮսħ֮пӱĴɱõúˣЩʱпܾһ
ҲûгԿ900ս˻õĸԴ9ڼսˡ
Ѿ׼̭սܹ˶ԴҲʮ⡣
ʱţһת˲š
δ½Ǿޱ԰һ֮ڣһԾŹâһԾ˳
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һǵ»أһ͸Բεˮת棬һâ˲֮ϡ
˲ԭʧһ̳һƶװҪصĽ֮ڡ
ǶƶװҪصĽڣһɫϴСʸеĹԡһԾǶװҪصĶܹԡ
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Ծţ5000֮ɴ͵Ծš
ʹԪ£ӵ500*500*500׵ĴͿռ䡣
ǿ˺ߢͣսսϵսλۺ9
ռߢͣռϵսλۺ9
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ָͳԵսһ³С
ǶƶװҪصĺĶܹԣԼǴתٴ֮ĿƼҲٴνӵǿޱȵսҲ졣
ĶƼĺľԾżԼǼսԾżĳֿɵƿһ򣬶Ǽսǿ̽ãã棬ãã֮мȡԴ
üͷ΢΢һһҷǼսʲôʱܹϣ
ǶܹѸٵķĿǰѾڶδ½ؿʼһЩؼĲϻҪתϳɣȫϣҪһµʱ䡣
ǼսУҪȻδ½ΪıҪڶʱ֮ڣôһҴǼսҲûô򵥡
΢΢һЦʵս棺ȻǾЩ±ֵʵ
֮ЩƣĴʵս֮߳г˷֮ɫЩ±ֺǿ
ʵս֮УЩ±ּս˽ɱʿĿֲʵҲֻܹ50ǿ˺ߢ͵Χ
Щǿ˺ߢƶٶȡٶȶ磬ҿԷСΨһֻܹսû
Լһ£κһǿ˺߶ƥзλལʥͷǿ˺߾Ըɵ˹ͨལʥ
ǸͺŵսսѲޱȡһЩͺŵսΧסҲѣΡ
Դ˽ɱеĻ粻󣬱ʵӼΪֲһЩͨǿʿڵǿҲ˿塣Ǽʮͺŵս˾Ϳ׽Χɱս˵ʵֲ֪֮
ʵսճ֮󣬱ֱŴ󴲺˯
ڶ죬ϴ֮󣬱ǵ»صо档
о棬ڷһһ͸Բˮһ͸Բεˮ֮һͷһͷԶδ½ĸֳ
оĻϸִЩδ½ĸֳѪ֮о
һ·Ƿһ͸Բˮֲĸֳоصһ͸ˮ֮ǰ
Ǹ͸ˮһŴԼһ˴Сѣ͸ѪԼɼѲϵĲţÿһβὫˮĸϡҺֱڡ
濴һ˴Сѣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һѾħ泲֮лõһöħһķĴڡΪػһѵķһ»ʿĳħһöѵ֪
һˮʯ͸Һһۣ¶һ˿˿Ц⡣
͸Һо֮ԼԭѸĸճҺн֮ͨԵĳöɵĳҺǳҺ֮лҺ̬ˡһöÿһΣͻᱻЩҺ̬ʴһ֡
ʱˣ
ˮȻ򿪣һʳָһѿһεѪֱӵһöڡ
ĬģһָһεѪһŤγһѪɫûһöڡ
һöһѪɫ֮ʾһײбϢ·һͷްצϲһѪɫҲӲһ˳
һҺ̬˶ʱ
һ´һʹ֮󡣲Ŵ¶һ˿˿


402 
һĬģһһھѪһöϡ
һѪɫĹʢӲһöС
һһöһѪɫģһѪĸоһöд
һĨϲɫδ½֮ռĵرƶɵħҩһööҲмħڡ
һκЩħҩмħԼΧĿͳͳڡ
꣡
һ֮£һѿһ»ʿڵĿֲϢ֮ɢݶ
һֲĻһײоض˲佫оضǿԵֵǿʿǿ߹ĳϽװײܽһֲĴŵȥ
һΣֱӴǴ֮зӶɳĮ֮ϣ̧ͷȥ
ֻ֮зһͷ峤ԼңȼŽɫ棬ɢ޾ȹâһԳħƵ򼡣һɿ»ʿڵĿֲϢ֮
濴֮ŵ򼣬һĨϲ֮ɫʧ򼣡дˣȻı
ǳħһ֮Ļ壬ϡޱȣͬʱҲǱˣǿޱȡκһͷһӵ»ʿĿֲΪ֮ͻӵʿԽΪͻӵʿͻӵ溣ʿ
ĻֻҪԴûʲôƿܹ׳Ϊ塣ڽ;壬ǾҪԵˡǽ;ľ޳λ涼ûмͷ
ͷʮֻ죬췢һХ֮һɿֲѹ֮δ½ϯȥ
Ǿޱ԰һƬ԰֮ڣС۽в軰ᡣ
ɯݺݵıѹȣǶѾΪŮˣĺ֮УҲγһССˡ
֮ľҲЩ΢Ƶ֮øӽӽһЩϵҲȽܡɯ֮ľеԶ
ȺȻɳĮȥ֮һĨ֮ɫÿֲ
ɯҲ΢΢ɫǿʿ۷𣿡
ʮѿһһԶǿʿĿֲ»ʿ»ʿĿֲڣǶδ½
Ƶǡɯɫ䣬֮һĨ֮ɫ
»ʿǿߣϹҲǺպǿߡһ»ʿǿԺɨδ½
ƶװҪؽ׳ΪƶװҪ֮ǰĻеȻǿ󣬿һ»ʿǿҪɧŴɱӴĻеӲӲһ취ûС»ʿλãδ½ûκܹס»ʿĹ
֮ڡ
溣Դ֧֮ѾΪʿĿɳĮ֮һۣ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ
ʿѧԺڡ
ѾΪʿ˿ҲɳĮڵķȥ
δ½˵֮⣬ЩʿϵǿǶĸӦ˴ɳĮ֮ͷų»ʿĿֲϢгη塣
΢΢һؿҪתˡ
δ½ϳ֮һǶƶװҪظֻһڵڶƶװҪر֮ǰһƶװҪؾԲܹݻ١ŰѻطɳĮ֮ڣһ;δ½ǿߣȻΪػˡ
һͷų˳Ļ֮һеĹȣһ˰ƴСɵУϵĥĴ֣ܡ
һĻҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣һͷʵħУսǰٱֹ
δ½Ϊ»ʿľս˲ãտûκα仯Żָƽֻһ»ʿǿ·δ½ʱй¶һ˿Ϣ
һºսħܲǽá
ǽءΣաġ̺ĵطͨλ档ϣڲ֮λκεطԴǽ֮ţǽ硣
ʵϣû˻ôΪҪƾԼһǽ֮ţֻ溣ʿرпܰ쵽溣ʿǽ֮źҲ޷ʱάǽ֮ŵĴڣ޷ȷصꡣ
Ҫǽκðգֻ˴ǽ֮ʯԼϡϣһǽ֮ţ̶ڲ֮λ֮ͨһܹڵǽ֮Žǽ磬ܹǽ֮вʧ򣬿Ըصԭء
ûһ̶ǽ֮У溣ʿҲʧǽ֮УҪصԭλ棬ֻܹƾ
ǽþսħ֮ǽ֮ŵĻ֮أֻҪ㹻Ź׺ԴŵϵĴڣͿԽǽ֮ţǰǽð̽ء
һһµһͨǽ֮ǰ档
ǽĿһۣ󲽵̤ǽ֮ڡ
ǽ֮ڣһòӢһŹ̨֮ϣһ鼮ϸϸжš
һ̧ͷһ΢Цʵǽãףλʦ֣
潫ԼƵݸ׵ǻһ̫ϳϵ״棬ҵơǰΪǰǽ̽ա
ԭʦ֣׶ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬øӵʦ֣ǽʮΣգ»ʿǿ߽УҲ䡣ĿǺ𣿡
ǽ֮Σأ˵»ʿˣʿʿǿвҲ䡣
浭ѾǺˣ
̫ϳϵ״ӹȻһ߿ޣһȡһ֤ݣһһָʦ֣ȥ
΢΢ͷǸ֮ϡ
һɺޱߵĿֲѹȻڶ𣬽ǽ֮ڡ
һⷨͬһϣ鿴ǷĴڼð
ǽÿսħڵص֮һһǽǽ֮űƻôͨǽ֮ǽ֮нð̽صǿǶΪʧȥ꣬ʧǽ֮УҲ޷ء
һļ֮һâǴ֮ʧ
һռ䲨ҫһ³һ֮ڣ֮ڽһȸߴʮףͨİޱȵǽ֮š
ʹǽ֮һΣҪ50Źסǻ̫ϳϵ״ӣÿһʹǽ֮ŵĻᡣŹ׿ʹǽ֮ĵǽ֮ʯɲܹ㹻ǽ֮ʯ𣿡
һЩϵ֮


403 ǽ
ǣѾ㹻ǽ֮ʯ
ǽ֮һ򿪣ͻ᲻ϵǽ֮ʯǽ֮ʾԼꡣǽ֮ʯһľǽ֮žͻʧȥرգǽ֮ʾԼꡣ
ǽ֮Уû꣬溣ʿǿ߶ʧããǽ֮У޷ءڿǽ֮ǰÿ˶Ҫ׼ǽ֮ʯ
ӵԾţҲ֪еԾܷԽǽ磬ǽͲ֮λ档ħ֮л4ڶĹѫЩѫȫһΪǽ֮ʯ֧ǽ֮ŵġ4ڶ๦ѫһǽ֮ʯǽ֮4ꡣ
Ǹϵһ³Ĭ·ʧһ㡣
ǽ֮ŵһ֮ǰһӣһööɫǽ֮ʯǰ֮ڡ
˴ǽ֮ʯǽ֮ŶʱӿһɵĹâһƬŤ׵ĶѨǽ֮λá
濴ǳŤ׵ĶѨһĨ֮ɫһǽ֮ŵԱһǽƣתطԼ֮һ¼ӳ˺üļ֮󣬲Ŵǽ֮롣
һĹâʹǶѨ֮ʧ֮ڣֻʣǽ֮Ź졢ŤĹâ
һĹâһһƬֲ嶫ϱֲָأ۶ڱǵȸָ֪һ֮еĹ֮ء
۾ԶȥֻǻһƬһֹŤ˫֮ͷǣŻ¡
ɫ䣬΢΢һݣǽ磡Ȼһµĵط
ǽ֮еǽλڴʿĴڣڽǽ֮󣬾ͻֱӷ裬ɷһĴڡ
ǴʿǿߣǽˣûطرҲͬᷢ裬ǽʴһֹޱȵǽ
ȡһöԪһһƴͣǧף˸ɫķǼսǰ
Ƿ͵Ǽս֮һâ֮ϣ˲ǹâ֮ʧһ̱ǼսĽ֮ڡ
Ѿǽ磬ǽн
㷨룬ٹ쿪ʼ

һϢʶ֮ǽڣܹԹâҫĽż㣬ΧĻ
ǽ֮йޱȣһЩӵⳬ츳ǽпܿǹޱȵԶ
û츳߶ص㷨⡢溣ʿĿֲڣҲ޾֮ңշ񣬱ɹޱȵǽ
ǽλǿǽ֮ǽʴ֮£仯ɡ
ڲ֮λ֮УʿץǽЩǽо֮о˽ǽ㷨ʿſǽ磬Ѱһλ棬ռһλ棬һλ֮мȡ֪ʶԴ׳
ǶܹԵļΪֲڵǽ㷨֮󣬴ԼһСʱһƬȫϢͶӰǽҵ롣
һƬȫϢͶӰ֮ʾţǷǼսһƬ֮УԲ֮ڣտޱȣʲôûС
ƾǶԵĳǿ¹ΧĻ;ʿʵûرĻֻܹٹΧʮ׵Ļǽ֮и粽С
еǽƣֱֳǽƻصǽ֮ڵλãܹԽǽ֮Żعսħڡûǽƣ㾭ǽ֮ŵλãҲ޷ͨһǽ֮ţصսħڡ
һһâ֡˲ԭʧһ̣Ǽսһ֮ڡ
һ֮ڣһԾš
ĿһԾһ۵S2Ծţ
S2Ծſʼ
ʼɨ裬ûһŤȶ״̬ԾҪ50%S2ԾŽ20%ԴάԾҲҪĴǷ
üͷ΢΢һҲû뵽ǽ֮пԾžȻԴҪ֪ӷλ浽δ½֮ԾԽλľ룬Ҳ5%ǼսԴ
п
ȻԴ̫޴һЩҲҪһ¡ϵԺ˵ʱǷսжϡ
ע롣
Ծſ
һϢ֮УһԾŹâʢ򿪡
һ̤Ծ֮ڣ˶δ½һصĵ»档
صĵ»棬һԾ֮⣬ڷԪ˱ǴԪ˱ǴȽսˣԼսʡĸˮ顣
һĻ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݡ
ԾſԽǽͲ֮λıϣɵζǽ֮нһͷɵǽ磬ǽΪ㣬ǰλ档
֮λߴʿʵ۵ʱʿǽ֮нͷһͷΪ㣬λ
˽֮λʿʵ½ڶѳΪ˶硢ʿǽ֮еһͷȻҲӣǽһһݻ١Ҳֻսħʮǽ֮пӵԼĻء
սħڳΪһӵ״ʱ䲻ãҲ֪սħǽ֮еĻͲ֪ʲôطսħǽĻؽǽ磬ӵİȫ
ʵϾսħǽ֮ûлأҲ֪ΪǾսħĵĻ֮һ
Ӷδ½ǱߵĻزһˮ˾۱ȼ֮ŻصǷǼս档

ǷǼսâһսβһٶѸٵããǽжȥ
ʱת˲ţǷǼսǽ֮н˺ü춼ûзκ⣬ͬҲûκη֣·ǽ֮оһƬ޾տŵĵط
棡棡ʯһĴڽӽʯһĴڽӽ
Ȼ֮䣬ǷǼս֮д󾯸֮ǽȫϢͶӰ֮ϣȻͬһʯͷ߷
ɫ΢΢һʵķ֣
һ͸ķȻ֣Ǽսȫ֡
һ̣һööʯͬһһŽһźݺݵײǷǼսķ֮ϡ
ÿһʯ֮ϵײΪֲһǿʿǿȫһײǼսķ֮ϣһֱӱ·ɽ
5%
8%

ʯײ֮£ǼսķҲڽ


404 ħǹ
72%
Ƿֵʣ28%ʱеʯѾȫɢһǼս֮ǰ
濴ΧʯƬ£ǽʯΣգһ˵ͱֱӸɵˣ
ǶܹԵɨٹķΧǷԲǽ绷ٹֻʮסȻǽʯȺһͻᱻǽʯȺҳ⽴
ǽսֵסǽʯȺĹ֮ͣʼϵͳгܡ
װŷװõĹ̻˴һǼսȻɳΧʯƬ֮зȥʼɼЩɢǼսΧʯƬ
ǽ֮ʯǽ羫һοջС
ЩʯƬһռǼս֮ڣķϢʱ滶ϲѡʯ̺֮ǽ֮ʯǽ羫Ƭ
ǽ֮ʯǽ֮ŵıƷǽ羫һǽ֮֮һ
ħ֮4ڶĹѫŶһ˿ʹһҵǽ֮ʯһʯ֮ջǽ֮ʯħ֮жһǽ֮ʯʮֹ
ǵֵһǽʯȺջ񣬾ջеͶʡ
ǽ֮ӵԴΪˣЩǿǲ֪ǽΣأȻɶ˻һǽ֮УѰҸֱ
һ뵽Уһ񣬳һᣬ˾ûͷǽ֮Ѱңʵ̫ûЧˣɣ
һֻϴСͬһǼս֮зɳٶһ˼ޣǼսΪԭ㣬˷ȥ
һɳȥǼսȫϢͶӰѸٵ
ͬʱǷǼսŴ򿪣ս˴Ǽս֮з˳֣վǽսı֮ϣޱȽŷ
ǽڣһƬƯʯĵش
һϴССʮսʯشһӶ
Ȼ֮䣬·𱻾һ㣬ʯش֮УһſʯȻһչһ±һͷͷϳһ΢û۾ӡ䣬ֻһųݵĹ
һɹɿȴʿĿֲϢЩ֮ӿͬһǼȥ
һ֮䣬һʧ
ǽڣһâһ̫
һԶھһ̫ͬһǧĵطԼʼһŻ棬һŹҽ״̬Ĵڣֱһ档
ǽڣһƬһ߼ʣ·ûһ˿ĺڰش
һոշɵǺڰشıԵһֹȫʧȥǼսϵ
ǽڣһƬ硣
Ǳ֮УĴڡоˡࡢйħħ塢ǽޡű䣬ûһ˿
һոշɵǸıԵֱӱᣬһ顣
ƵһĻĻǽ֮вϵĳ֡
һ֮ǼսųȥһгʮǼսڵĶܹʧȥϵǰʮ֮Уʮʲôԭ򶼲֪ѾǶܹʧȥϵȻЩطΣء
ǽ֮УЩ˲ǽֻһЩͱЩǽݻ١ûзЩǽѾݻ١
ֻܹһǼսѾ̽İȫкУһҧϵļͶǽ֮Уȫĺ
ǽ֮УЩһݻˣǾıݻˣ޷áΪ˰ȫҲֻܹϵĽǽȥ
ǽڣһͷϳһֻǣζ״һͷ­һħħǿڷС
ħҲ̶˿ȲŲ֮λʿѷɫֵĿֲڡ֮λʿǹһū֮ʱħĽŲѾ̤ǽ硣
ħǿߺȻһףһץħӿ֮нһֱץУףʲô
ǿܻʳǽھžŽյߣǰڹսΥߣ壡
һԵ׵Իеϳɵ֮з
ħ岻ϲ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫܻʳ֮λʿʳǽ֮еĽӣһΣǹҪˣ
ܻʳǵʿѹλĿֲʳܻʳַ©һ㶫ֻҪо͸˵ܹһսħһֲĴ
ħ嵱ڿ֮ǰҲʵЩħ嶼֪ǿܻʳжôĿֲǿԻÿܻʳеĻᣬȻħǿǹ˷ܲѡ
򣡡
ǹתͷķһۣ֮һḬ֮̃ɫһΣһǸȥ
ǽڣ΢΢һϹˣαװϵͳ
һӴޱȵǼս֮⣬Ѹٱ仯ɳʸУոޱȵǼսһ±仯Ϊһ˺ۣ߲ޱȣ·𾭹սҳϴȫԹǽ֮зеĹս
ǽ֮УȻʱһ֮ڣʵǽ֮ȴǹĴ״ֻ̬ҪûиʯסԹǽ֮Ư
һɫĹâԶֳͣǼսĲԶ֮ԶԶĿһǼսǹ
ǹһǼսϸĿһᣬĿ˸˼£¶һ˿ϲɫöеܣǵʿʳ֮Уλŷɥ֮һĻеܾš
ǹһᣬĬģһǼսһָʩչ˽
һɫĹâһǼս֮һǿ˺ȥ˲һͷǿ˺ߵϡ
âһǿ˺˲ķѣɢ
Ǽս֮ǿ˺߷·ͱһ׷׷ͼǹȥ
ֻЩǿ˺߷뽢֮󣬱һתۣɻǼսĽ㣬չ̶ĹѲߡ
ǹĿ˸¶һ˿Ц⣬һΣһɫĹâǼսȥ
һǿ˺߸Ӧǹĵ˫ۺһȻһǹֱնȥ
ǿ˺˲һȷλལʥʿôĵطҲᱻһն롣
ǹȴһЦһץצ֮ſֲħӲĽǿ˺еĳƵ𵴵ץס
ǿ˺еĳƵ𵴵һ𵴣ǹеħϵɢ
ǹ˷һЦצһһɫצâһ㽫һǿ˺ն飺ȤǿܻʳĿܣôͼеҲвħ


405 նɱǹ
·ͱһ㣬Ǽսǿ˺߶׷׷ǹȥ
һȺܣɣ
ǹһЦħڹǿʿĿֲѹɢһɫĹâЩǿ˺֮вϵĴš
䣡䣡䣡
һܼǿ˺ߺڹҫֱըѿ·ɽ
ʮǿ˺߱ݻ֮Щǿ˺ǰâҫһ3˲ǵ֮⡣
һڹҫǹһһǿ˺ǰķ֮ϣһȴûнǷִݻ١
Ƿϧֻ൱ǿ3ûã
ǹһĨ֮ɫһЦצ֮ϵħڣһһɫצâһǿ˺֮ϣһǿ˺˲ն顣
һܼǿ˺߲ϵǹȥǹͬһٶȣһһָݻ١
Сʱ֮Ǽսټǿ˺߾ͱǹһһݻ١
ĻеܣȻҺķôܻʳż̫ڴˡ
ǹݻһǿ˺֮󣬳һһȡһħһĳ
ʱһǼսŴ򿪣һܼǿ˺ߡռߢ͡ߢ͡쫷ߢ͡ߢ͵ȸս˷׷ӿγһɻеǹӿȥ
ǹս˶ʱһȻܻʳַûô򵥣ܻʳַûſǿĽ磬ûбչһգΪЩеˣ
ǹȻݻټǿ˺ߣҲķ˲ħӵеħȻЩսжôǿ
ЩѾĻеǹֳֵܳһǹĺţһ4幥ĵͬһǹȥ
ûػ»ʿǿ߱ǵҲˡ
ǹĬģħӿһռ䲨ϣһһޱȵĿռ䶴Ѩǰ
һڹһռ䶴Ѩ֮ڣ׷ʧ
һܼܿռߢսֳһɡ״Ŀռһſһռ䲨˷ɢȥ
ǹǰһռ䶴ѨһŤɢ
ĵڽǹȫ֡
ǹɫ䣬һӿֲħħǿ֮£֮Ӳǿֲĵں
âҫͷǹںֱն֮϶ʮ޴˿ڣһεħѪ֮вϵ¡
ߢֳǹǹһɨ䡣
γһƬȫסǹƶ켣ĹǶԿֲļĹͷǹ޿ɱܡ
ͷǹŤ˼£ٶȻ˼㣬Ȼײһ֮ϣͬһֱ׹Ǽս㡣
ͬһͷǹ֮ϣѹѪһָͷ첻
һܼǿ˺˲䱬˿ֲٶȣȻ嵽ͷǹǰӶƵ𵴵նǹ֮ϡ
һޱȵĲҽ֮Уͷǹ˲䱻֫⣬飬ֻʣͷ­
Ȥǹǽ˽ⲻ١
ڣŴǹԴĸ鱨΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǹħ֮еħķ֧֮һħ壬ħħ֮һ
ħ֮аյȼַΪħˡмħˡ߼ħˡħмħ߼ħħ˧ħħʡ
ħ˧ǿ߾ͿĴʿħǿǿǿʿħʼǿǿ֮е»ʿֲǿߡħ֮ϣħ񼶵ǿߡ
ǹǴħǽ֮еһǽħǰǽ֮һλλǺӸħء뿴һ£Ƿܹħ湺һλ档
λǺǽ֮һޱȵĵطλǺ棬ᵮһλ棬Щλ浮֮󲻾ãͻΪǽ編λǺ֮ʧʮֹĳǽ֮һ֮ء
ഫ˵֮Уλ涼Ǵǽ֮еλԴȪǽ֮еһλǺӡ
ǽ֮УλǺӲֹһҪһλǺӵľλãҲûô򵥡
ħʿ֪ǿ֮һҵһλǺӵλȻûʲôϡ档
֮λȫʢʱλǺӵλһϡֻǺʿû֮յλǺλҲǿһһȡʮϡ
λǺ֮Уλ治ϵĵпܻû״̬İλӡǿǰ˵أͼһλ档
λǺ֮Źޱȵǽ編ֻдʿµǿ߲пܽλǺ档ʿϵǿһλǺӣͻᱻǽ編ɱ
˴ʿ֮⣬ֻЩͨǽ編ľԶŹħ߰˴ʿʳ֮ʿʵǸǿ߲ܹǽ編򣬽λǺ֮С
һ򾲾ǽ֮УһħǽĻ֮һħǡ
һɫħͬһûħ֮ڣ䵽ħһ޳ħǱԵ
һɫħʧ¶һһħħǿߣʹħûе档
ħȻӵһСԴƶޱȣҲǽ֮ʮϡ١ħ֮Ҳֻһдڡ
ħſ˾޴Ľ磬ǿޱȵĽħǣħڳħͬʱҲǽ֮޴ڵǽš
ʲôˣ
ħ֮һͷħƣɢʿĸ߼ħɨһ۾ޱȵ
˫һɣһħ˲䱬ȵħħǹ֮ǿ򿪳ţҪȥٲţСĹ
ħ֮еȼɭϣħײޱȣ⣬Ҳͬˣλ߶λ߶ɱԽײǿˣԽη塣Щ͵ˣǻᱻ˶ϣΪ۸
ǻͷĸ߼ħʱһԭħ˧ˣ
ħǵĳŻ򿪣󲽵ħ֮ڡ
һħǣͿ˸ι״Ũħħ֮ˡ
ħ֮ڣ󲿷ħȻħĴڡħڣſǿĽ磬ħǿҲħ档
һЩħħ뿪ħǣͻᱻǽ編ʴһͷͷҵǽ
ħ֮ڣȻι״ħǿߣͬҲвͷϳһֻħǣħƵħǿߡЩħǿ֮߱Ϊħ壬ħ֮ͬΪǿһ塣


406 λǺ
ݲ֮λеĵ伮أħںܹ֮ǰħʮϡ١Ϊʱħ֮еǿ߶һЩħ塢ħ塢ħĴڡ͡ΡεħűΪĴڡħԸħ彻ϡ
֮λߴʿʳճѹλ档ʿʳħʳǽλħץʹū
ӵʿʳ֮ħ֮УħѸٵķܲʢħҲһԾΪħ֮ǿ壬ѹħ塣ڣħҲѾΪħ֮ǿ֮һ
ʵߴʿʳ֮ǰλ۶вͬߴʿʳճѹλ棬ʿҲʿĽŲλ档λǿڣڣӵһ໯߱仯γ̬ܵߴʿʳӰ졣
ǿǿ
ߴʿʳ֮ǰ֮λ棬֮λеδ½ѧϰϰΪ١
֮ճѹһ˳ػʳ붫ƽƽҲʼӰ͸˶硣
ħһᣬͿħ洦ɼһħ˧ǿߡħǿżܹ
ЩħǿǰħǶֻһĿģǾ취Ūһλ档
λ;ΪҪΪһ飬ӵԼôͱӵһλ棬Ȼλ淨ԼַΪǼܡϡԴΪķꡢǧܹһ
֮⣬ǰλϤͶԴôһλ滹пܳɳΪһλ档
ǰλ޷Ϊһλ棬ӵһλ棬Ҳ൱ӵһޱȵ˽˿ռϳǿ߶ǰǽ磬ѰҰλ档
Ҫããǽ֮һλҲһʮѵ飬λǺ֮λĸҪǽ֮кͷѰҪöࡣЩħǿ߲Żǰ˵أϣܹһλ档
ǽֵ֮һᣬֱһõ֮ڣǼõ¥һ䷿֮ǰһȭǼ䷿ķ֮ϡ
һ죬Ǽ䷿ķķѡ
Ƿ֮Уվһͷħ塢һͷͷϳһֻǣһͷҫ۽𷢣ξ飬Ըٸģħ塢һͬͷֻʮ׳ǵĹħǿߡһףݳªľħǿߡ
ħǿ϶ħɢħ˧ǿѹĶ档
ǻͷħ˫֮һĨײбŰĹâǿѹסױıԻʲôˣ
һЦһӣһȭͷСͷǻͷħȥǹħĴʹߣҵ
ǻͷħһסͷעħͷ֮ɢǹеĿֲѹ
ͷħɫʮѿǹħŲ𣿡
༸ħɫҲһ±Щѿ
֮ⷿڣħĴʿרѰҰλİλˡЩħϵǿԽλǺӣؽļħ˧ǿ߽λǺ֮Ѱλ档λ˾Ĵڡ
ħħ˧ǿߴˣħ˧ħǿ߾רѰҰλİλˡħڵͽħ壬ħרǨΪЩħ˧λ˷ͷйĴڡ
浭ȻǣΪһԿŸӺʡ
ͷħĹâ΢һݺݵȻǹħ˵˼ͼǰɡϣ֮УҪְţ򣬾ħ˵ˣҲ˺㣡
浭һЦûʲô
ʮ䵭ĽһᣬҲ˽ħļǻͷħ̩֡ǽ𷢱ۣԸħȡǹħǽ³Ǿħǿа
ħ涼ʮ䵭ȻսļûκκøС

һдħ֮˳
һħǵĽ֮뿪ǹޱȵǽǰüͷ΢΢һ壬һǶһмħͷ
һĹâǷ֮ӿһ¿Ŀǽ·ǽһ㡣
ǹħ֮Կᴩǽ磬ǿޱ֮⣬һҪؾͷһر׵Ŀǽ
ħҲװЩԿǽرħ֮һƽ֮ϡ
̩ĬģһӣһɫĹâһʮף·ĵĺɫǰһԾǺɫķ֮ϡ
ҲħǺɫķ֮ϡ
̩ĬģǺɫķһָǺɫķųһħ⣬֮зȥ
֮
һƬһ߼ʣɢһ˿˿ɫâ·һŰһСɫ̥Ĥһеǰ
濴Ǿ޴ɫ̥ĤһۣһĨ𺳣λǺӣ
Զǧ֮⣬ȻܹӦɫ̥Ĥ洫һ˿˿λĿֲϢ
λǺ֮ӵ޾ĲƸ֪ǿ߿ǿУӶᡣǹ˲֮λߴʿʵԼЩͬ׵ȼǿ֮⣬ҲֻдʿµǿܹλǺӡ
»ʿϵǿһûнλǺӡһЩ⡢溣ǿҲͬһûнλǺӡ
Ǻɫķַ˰죬ɵɫ̥ĤԵһɫ̥Ĥ֮󣬱ûɫ̥Ĥ֮С
ɫ̥ĤԼٹǺɫķзٹ֮ڷɳɫ̥Ĥ
һɫ̥Ĥ֮УһƬޱȵǺǰǳɢǺڰ֮У·һ洬Ͽϵǳһ㡣
ֽ̩ԼͷϵһɫȡµλǺ֮Уûǽĸţħùˡ
һЦͷϵħùԶȥҲûǽĸš
ƾǴʿĳĿλǺ洦ɼһǳİĹâ
̩һصǿλǺ棬ǽƣЩֻܹôʿΪǿ߽롣λǺ֮еȴܵЩǽƣпܳħħʡħ񼶵ǿߣǧ򲻿ɴ⣡
΢΢ͷһſһۣʵЩǳ֮Զô࣬ôѰҰλ棿
λǺ֮Уǳǳ֮ľԹ㣬ɲλǺһǼʮꡣ
ֵ̩Щǳ󲿷ֶѾ̽Щûмֵֻδ֪Ѱңпҵмֵİλ档


407 ʯ
ããǺ֮УЩ֮ľ̫ңԶֻǽ򣬴ǽ֮·ߣǲܹһ֮䴩󡣡
̩ȡһȭͷСǽ֮ʯǺɫ۵һ֮ϣĬģǺɫһָһɫĹâûǺɫ֮ڡ
ǺɫһζɫĹâҫһŤĹǺɫķ֮ǰ
Ǻɫķ۹âһһûһŤĹԭʧ
֮һ֮ǰһŤĶѨȻ֣һҺɫķŤĶѨֱ֮ӷ˳

վǺɫķ֮ϣתͷһ㿴ɫ̥ĤѾ֪ٹ֮⣬̲סһ̾
̩ɨһǽµķ΢΢һ̾ħ۵ĵȼ̫ˣÿֻܹһǽ֮·ҪһҸ߼ħ۾ͺˣ
ħħ֮ҲǼΪرֵ̩ҲΪӵһԼħ۲ŽǿĹӶ
ǿħǿҲһҵͼħۣÿֻܹͨһǽ֮·ӵгǽ֮ʯҲ޷ǰڶ
һԵǿһ۵̩֣֮ǰ𣿡
ֲ̩Ϊһûʲôֵķ棬ûҲûǽ֮ʯǽ羫ǽеԴֻһЩͨͭȽʯʮƶ񤡣
۾ʱ΢΢һ
ͭȽʯ̩ħǿ˵ôħҲķǽ֮ʯǰλǺ濪ͭĵͼʯ
ȴǲͬԴͨܡܡܡ̫ܵȸַʽãеҪĽȴޡδ½һδ½ĽԴ֧һ޵Ļеš
̩֣ȥǿ濴
̩һνԣҪסʱ֮ǰ
õģ
Ӧ֮һħϸĹ۲ͬʱԺ֮лħ۵Ʒš
սħ֮ڣͬӵħһرķšħһǽرҪǽ編˽ʿܹƳɹʿսħҲϡޱȣˡ
ҳ֮⣬ħһرҪǽ֮ʯǽ羫ȸޱȵǽʯ»ʿҪŪһħرʮѡ
ħħ˧ǿʹõħ۴󲿷ֶħʡħ񽻸ʹõıЩħ˧ǿ߸Ūһħۡ
ǿҲǻԵɺ֮£һħۣܹħ£ֵ̩ħ˧ǿΪѰҰλ档
̩ħԻصħ֮ϵķ֮ڡ
ȷһħһֻܹԽһǽ֮·ħ֮һһƬ׻˻Ļҳħ֮ϡ
һУһĨ֮ɫһ·ȥ
·ͬһ㱡ĴȦһĴȦ֮ڣо΢΢һܵǿڲֱӷȥʮƽȵĽ䵽˴֮ϡ
һ֮ΧȥֻΧһƬɫտޱȣšĸо
һŵʯһָʩչʯΪ࣬һɫķâʯ֮ϣʯһһ
һֻεķʦ֮һץһƬֱץ𣬶һߡ
ɽһ޴ĵض֣ܿǵγһޱȵĵ»ء
潫һԾȡװ֮һ¿ʼ
S2Ծſʼ
ʼɨ裬ûһŤȶ״̬ԾҪ100%S2ԾŽĿ50%ԴάԾҲҪĴǷ
ϵ
ע롣
Ծſ
һϢ֮УһԾŹâʢ򿪡
һ̤Ծڣص˶δ½Ǹػ档
ûãԾ֮дԽǹ̻Ѹٵǵڳһ޴Ŀռ֮󣬱㽫һһƶװҪֱӷ˳
ĿǰڶƶװҪڽ֮УĿǰҲֻѾõһƶװҪء
ǸһװҪ֮ԶԶϵͷų̻˿ʼھʯ˵վռԴɵĿһ
һĻ¶һ˿֮ɫһΣֱӳ֮ϵħ۷ȥ
һת˲š
һħ۵֮£ԽʮЩһЩûκͬʱҲûͬǽ֮ʯǽ羫Դֵ̩ħǿȥ鿴ΪѾΡ
浹ÿȥ鿴һ飬Щ֮ϣ˷һܹɵЩλá
ЩıȻûǽ֮ʯǽ羫ıǵڲȴӵзḻޱȵԴ
ǸһƶװҪص֮УѾڲھһЩǽ֮ʯǽ羫ϡʯ
һգħ֮ϣֵ̩Ĵħ˧һ֮ǰɢ״̬ȫװء
ǿ֮ǰߵĵطλǺӵһѾ̽εİȫλǺ㣬󲿷ֶһЩ֮ǣûʲôְֵλļʱǽط߲ȥ
ҪǰĵطλǺӵڲλǺӵڲ򣬻͵İλ档ڲ֮УͬԶʮֹҪ׼ֳ̩
΢΢ͷ
̩ĬģħһָһɫĹâҫŤǽ֮·֣ħһ±ǽ֮·ڡ
һŤĹâħԽŤǽ֮·һıԵ
ȿǻǿΧһʯ֮һĨϲ֮ɫǽ֮ʯ
ǽ֮ʯ
³ħǿ˫һ֮ͬſϲ֮ɫĶһΧʯ
λ֮·ǽ֮šħ۵ȸҪõǽرҪǽ֮ʯ
ǽ֮ʯħ֮У֮УӲͨıԴ
ڲ֮λ棬ǽ֮ʯҲǱʥħѷһʯԴͬԿΪλĴڡ
ȡ³ħ˧ħӿһâֱӷʯڣһſ̺ǽ֮ʯʯһһȡߡ
Ŀ˸˼£һΣҲʯڡһӣһȭͷСĶеһ䳲֮зɳ˷ɢȥ
ʮľһ̺ǽ֮ʯʯ֮ϣЩ̺ǽ֮ʯʯ׷ץסֱӷȥ
ƬƬ̺ǽ֮ʯʯǰʧûĴָ֮ڡ
ȡ³ħ˧һĻɫ΢΢һ䣬һۣħӿ⣬˲߷ߣĵطȥʩչطռЩǽ֮ʯ


408 ǽռħ
ǻʯ棬鲼ŴССʯ
Ȼ֮䣬һʯȻѿһͷϳ棬ϳһ͸ᣬû۶ǣֻгͬҰһݵĹǽħȻɳ
һͷޱȵǽħһɳһɿռ֮ϣ˲ԭʧ
һŤĿռȻڰǰӿ֣һͷޱȵǽħ˲Ťռɳֱͷһˡ
ͷǽħٶȿ쵽˼㣬Ǻ޷İüŭһħڹͷļһ½رҲδܹᴩͷ
ͷǽħһתһ´ڰͷ˲Ϣ֮ͻ˰ͷߣᴩ­˽ȥ
һ˲߿Ѫһʹ࣬־嵽˼ĺ֮ңȾң
ǽħ棡
ȡ³桢̩˶֮ǰĺ֮ǰǽħᴩͷһĻɫ䡣
˵һΣѸٵħ۷Ӷȥ׷󣬲ϵķеķ䳲档
Ҳԥħ۷Ӷȥ
³һ£һҧʩչŰԼȥ
꣡꣡
һʯѵһͷͷͬϳǽħʯ֮еʯ֮з׷׷ɳӿſռ䲨Ȼʧ
³ԣһռŤǽħǿռ֮зɳ³ȥ
³ɫ䣬һŭ𣬻벽ħĿֲȻ˫ֵצһµһֲצӰͬһЩǽħϯȥ
³ĹħǿצӷޱȣǿʿǿߣһץУͬƤǶѡ
ǿʿǿߣҲԲԸ³Ĺħǿ߽ⲫһ³Ĺħǿ߽ǿʿǿҲĿܡ
һͷͷǽħצӰ֮£һķѣըѿһɫճҺǵ֮ըѣ³ȥ
һɫճҺ̺żΪһ³Ļħ֮ϣĻħһһ𣬵֮ϡ
ǺɫճҺһ³ϣ³췢һޱȵĲҽУһʹ಻ģӿжࡣ
ǽħ³жٻһ˲䣬ķߣһϴڵ
ʮ֮䣬³ͱǽħ渲ǣһһëȻĿֲ֮С

桢˸ոշɵħ֮ϣħ֮ϺڹӿȻһɫĹâԶȥ
Ƭʯ֮УëȻľ׽֮
Ŀ̩һۣ֮һĨâղҪǻһ㣬ʱѾֱ
Ƴ̩һۣ֮һš
̩ź󷽿һۣɫȵãЩǽռħ׷ˣʹÿռŷ
ǽռħϾ³˵Ŀֲǽħ棬ӵƿؿռǽռħϾӵпħ˧׵ȺһΧסǿʿҲһ
ħ֮һȺǽռħϺ֣ϴԽռ䣬˽׷ᡣ
΢΢ɫ䣬Ĭģźһָʩչļռ
һĿռȻں󷽵
ں󷽿ռһŤȻָƽЩǽռħŤҵĿռ䲨֮У޷ʹ츳Ŀռ׷
ҲĬģһʩչſռ谭ǽռħϵĿռ
һСʱ֮һħ۲ǽռħϵ׷ɱ
̩ȵƳһ۵ɣ
һľȻ֮һǽ֮ʯ̩֡
ָ̩ƿħۣ˲ɼĸԴҪ֮һСӵĹء
̩Ŀһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ûҪǽ֮ʯ
Ȼ֮䣬ΧռһŤһȻ֣һҳףݳ޺ԶԶ̩һгħȻ֮С
ħ֮ϣһһֻħǣò׵ħӣħӵߣʮħŮÿһ϶ɢſħ˧ĿֲϢħϸɢŰ벽ħĿֲϢ
̩һò׵ħӣɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣޱȵʳСħ
ȵҲˢһ±ò԰ޱȣϲ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ѹٵǹħļ䣬֮ҲӿһĨ֮ɫ
ʳСħħ֮еһǿߣȻӵа벽ħΪսȴһЩħǿߡɱϲԸǿߵ࣬ħ֮Ҳᣬײ֮Ľɫ
ʳСħüͷ΢΢һµƳһһۣ¶һ̵ЦݣŶ⼸СϣҲ֪ţܺããϵرԴͳͳԴ󷢴ȱһ·
̩ʳСħĻûһš˶ˡ
ʳСħһЦĿͬһ㶢סȣûű˶ѾˡŮһмӣǱǸŮˣĻ͹Ͷ򣬱һͻ㣡
һף΢΢һ¶˶ҡ֮ɫͲʲôŮڳΪʳСħŮҲûκεִֻǵʳСħɱˡ
ʳСħһϷʵĿߣг
治ɫһԺ˼
̩ɫ΢ȵȣǼĽ𣿡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨȻ֮ɫǰ̤һ״ʳСħͱˣҾᱳͬ飡
̩һĨɫ΢΢һ
Ȼ֮䣬αˣ֮һµʮ׳ķצӣһɿֲħѸײڶ֮Ȼһ²ֵ̩棬һڣһ½ֱֵ̩˳
һ֣һΣʳСħڵħֱӷȥ
Ϊʲô
̩Ϊħ˧ǿԶʮ౻֮˫۳죬߿Ѫһһ
¶һޱȵЦݣ֮һĨ֮ɫΪȥ̩֣ôΪ㣬ΥʳСħǲӻˣȻң
̩˫д˷ŭ΢΢һΣֱӵ˵ϣ˫ԲɣĿ
ɵƯʳСħһЦһץһӴֱߣֳŪ
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409 նɱʳСħ
ʳСħ¶һϷʵЦݣָȵλòϵĦܺãСٰȥһ¡ǾɱֻҪɱҾ㵱ҵŮˣҾͳ࣡
Ƚ΢΢һǿһЦݵǣһɱģ
һΣħڵķȥ
ǿΪңȥɣ
һĨ֮ɫ֮ϣħһɫħ֮ӿһɫսȻĽһħ˧۷ĿֲϢ֮
ܹǸλСΪʵ㹻ǿᡣħǵħ˧ǿ֮УҲŵϵλá
һΣӰȻ֣ӰɢһģһϢ˸ֲ١
һؿڵĴԪ£һܼǿ˺Ȼ֣ǿ˺Ȼ𣬻ӶųƵ𵴵һĨӰӰֱնȥ
ǸӰ֮УâһһƬѪڿ䡣
һӰҽһֱӻһźɫ
һܼǿ˺߲ϵնǺɫȴûκáļǵֵʺϵķ֮һ
Ĭģһָļһʮ׵ĻȻ֣Ǻɫһˡ
Ǻɫ֮Уһ·ҽ֮ѸٵۣγһϢ΢Ӱ
ҪҪɱңǿһɣ㣬һֻҪһʲôԸʲôԸ
һֳΣһ־壬Ĳҽе
ǿ˺ٶ˲䱬һӰʮյĿֲٶȻȵǰƵ𵴵һնֱն飬ֻʣһ׼
ʳСħһĨϷ֮ɫ߸ϵúݵֶΣȻԼͬɱҺ㣬ϵıﶼȻҵĹҿһ
ɱǣһ
һĮȻһؿڵĴԪ£ټǿ˺ߡռߢ͡ߢ͡쫷ߢ͡ߢ͵ȸսȻ֣һʳСħһзķȥ
󵨣
ʳСħһĻһĨŭ֮ɫ·һ߸ϵľܵһƣħڹ֮âĬģЩսһָʩչļϵʴ꣡
һſֲħڹγһεγʴԣ׾ٽʿĿֲħȻ֡
һſֲħȻϯһεγʴԵħټսֱϯȥ
ԸЩڶ࣬ʵµĴڣΧϵķõֶΡ
һ͸ķȻټս˵֮⣬ںɫ籩֮УɫĸʴħЩս˵ķ֮ϣŽҶȴ޷κһս˵ķ֡
˲Ϣ֮䣬һǿ˺߾ʹǷ籩ħ֮зɳͬһһŮħǿǰһŮħǿնȥ
ŮħǿɫȻ䣬ħӿһޱȵĺɫۼ˲串ȫ
ǿ˺һն£ݺݵնŮħǿϣһŮħǿֱն룬ѪĽ
һһܵǿ˺ߴħ֮зʮյĿֲٶȳЩŮħ˧ǿǰһ㽫ЩŮħ˧ǿһնء
ЩŮħȻħ˧ǿߣǵʵս٣˿ûзЩǿ˺ߣűЩֲޱȵǿ˺˲ɱ
ģȻɱҼ檣㾹Ȼɱİļ檣ҷģһҪʬΣĥ㼸ʹķʽȥ
ʳСħʱŭŭ𣬻ħӿȻǴһȦһŤһͷ峤ߴʮףһŹؽ֮һейħ
йħǹħһ֧֮йħӵħ˧ʵеľӢܹɱһЩͨħǿߣһ֧ΪֲĶħ
ʳСħ֮Ϣͣ޽ӽħˮƽ
ǿ˺˲ɵͷʳСħǰӵֱնȥ
ͳͳɣ
ʳСħ˫֮һĨ˫צһµһһ׵צһצӰһ
ǿ˺ǰһֱ飬ء
ʱһööȻͬһʳСħȥ
ʳСħһЦĬģһһռ䲨֮ڡ
ռߢͼͬһʱ䷢˿ռŵһռ˷
ʳСħϵһռ䲨˲ɫȻ䡣
һ˲ʳСħ֮ϣһ·һɽһ㱻ֱѹ˵ϡ
һǿ˺˲Ϣ֮ɵʳСħͷһնֱӽʳСħͷ­ն

ʳСħͷ­͸¶һĨ֮ɫһĲҽУȻ߿Ѫʧȥ
ʳСħǰ벽ħǿߣħڣҲħ˧֮ǰʮĺݽɫټʮħ˧ļħ˧޵еĿֲڣھȻսɱȻԸʵĿ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ֵ̩ʬ忴һۣһ̾ʧȥ򵼣鷳ˣ
ȻʩչֶΣֵ̩˵Դȡּ䣬ҪǸּμסʹãȴûô򵥡
ȡֵ̩˵ļ䣬һӵֵ̩˼ݿ⡣ʲô⣬ҪܹͨԽһһأࡣݿ棬Ҳûֵ̩˵ľ飬ӦԷʽʮ鷳
潫ЩħǿߵľѪȫ֮ϸĴһʳСħħۣ¶һ˿֮ɫһħ۵ǲӦмħۣÿܹԽǽ֮·ߴΡ
潫ǵͼħмħ֮ϣʼ鿴սջ
̩֡ҲֻһЩǽ֮ʯǽ羫ȽʳСħȻǰ벽ħǿߣҲֻһЩǽ֮ʯǽ羫Ƚ󡣳֮⣬˵Ļ湱һٶĵͼħмħԼָħʹõĲϡ
֮ħҲʮ⡣ϾʹħС
ħҪߣʳСħ벽ħǿߡҲ֪ʲôӵеħħǹӵеħҪһЩħǹҲֻǹ׳50ħ
֮ҲûջЩսˣɢħ۵һ䣬Ȼʼȡ̩֡ʳСħһ֮йλǺӵļ䡣
ϸĲ鿴ʳСħļ֮һĨâԭλǺӳڲ֮⣬кںڲѰҰλҲλŸࡣʳСħҪȥں̫գ»ʿ룬Ҳкܴļ䣬ûܹȥ


410 ӡλ
һת˲š
һмħ۴ԽһٶһֱߣڴԽλǺӵڲ˺
һ·֮ϣҲһЩǽֻЩǽﲻǱնɱֱӴ߶ħ۴ǽ֮·ƶܹЩǽ
ͬʱһ·֮ϣҲռ˲ǽ֮ʯǽ羫
ǽ֮Уǽ֮ʯǽ羫𲢲ټֶƷǽر֮жҪġҳǽ֮⣬ĵطż۸˸߰
һգǽһ֮ǰռһŤһмħ۴ǿռ֮лɳ
һħ۴ӿռ֮зɳ֮ħ֮Ϸɳ˷ɢȥ
ÿһ򸽽ͻͷųʮĴѰλټЩѾһǧɢλǺڲѰŰλټ
˵ʲô
ħ֮ϣǽɱϸϸжţֽǽɱһߣããǿ֮пȥһɹ¼šĸоȻ
΢΢һ֪ʲô¶һ˿Ц⣺ɼףѡ߿ȱŮ飬´γаȫĻ˿ǼҲϰɡ
ưλټ
Ȼ֮䣬ʶ΢΢һһеϳɵȻ
ˣ۾һѸٵһϢ֮¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫԭǲ֮ǰҾһ򸽽
ĬģħһָһɫâȻûħ֮ڡ
ħһǽ֮·Ȼ֣һħֱӴһǽ֮·Զȥ
һŤħ۴ǽ֮·һ֮ϣڹҫǿȻȥ
һڹǽ֮зȻͣһ֮ǰ
ưλĴڣ
վһ֮ϣԶȥһĨ֮ɫ
Զ֮һƬ½һƬ½·һǽ֮еĵ죬ֻзԲĴСһ㱡Ĵ֮ڣ·ûһ˿ļ
ɵһƬմ½֮ϣĬģǴ½һָʩչļλ־
һһȦȦѼķΪģ˷ɢȥ
һȦȦһƬ½֮ϣã΢΢һһĲ
˫һһĨ˷֮ɫûǿԲϳɳİλ棡ҲҪϣ
һԲϳɳİλҪϣûһλĻҲ޷ƾƳԼûԼ飬֮жһȣûаȫС
һӣһȭͷСĺɫرλӡȻɳǰλϷ
һɫĹâǰλӡ֮ӿ·İλ֮ϡ
ǺɫĹâҫ֮£һλһĻС
רŵرԴʿΪӡһλ棬Ȼʮֳ
ʮʱת˲ţһλҲСΪȭͷСһǰλӡڵķȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬űȥ
һҳǧףͨʹðǶɣɢһɿֲѹħһսԶ
һս֮ϣվǣòһŨһ߰ǿߡ
ս룬ڷһȭͷСװ㣬һǿʿ೬ƤëǶ貱ʯĴ
źĴ֮һףΪһ۵ӣͷһԽɫǣ˫һһ˿˿ɫĹ⻪ϺͰ
һں֮ϵǿߣ΢΢һݣһĨ֮ɫһﲻöԸ
Ű۵ĽǿĮƳһۣɫ֮ųһ˿˿˷ܵĹâ߸ϵλ棡ǧ֮λλǺӵĺħ壬ǸλȻɣãɱˣ
λ೬ﶥĿֲ֮һԸʵۣʵԶԶħ֮ϡǴ己ֳ£ЩʼԶ̫ϡ٣ߴʿʳʿʵδܹ֮ѹ
˵֮еһʿʳĿʱ֮ڵǻƵۣѹ֮λʱ֮λһͷʼ֡ȻkѹһͷʼǱҲܵˣӢţ䡣
ȻҲд˵ʱ֮֮λֵʱ򣬱ЩشŵµkӢţ䡣ִ˵֮Умʼʱ֮ս¼ǿ֪
һ㣬ǰλӡֱһſѾС˵İλֱɣ伥ħʿƶµħ˧ǿС֣Ȼвң뱻岻ɣ
һʮòǿһЦǰһȵһħʣҲвɵ£޴͸¼ħ˧ǰһλˣ֮λԶŰͷ˹µĵھŸӵɵ£ڻ£ΪڣҪ𣿾ħ֮еĳħڲ˹µǰҲҪʲô
Ŀ֮һĨ֮ɫˣƵ٣ֻħϾȻƣǼȥ
ǣ£
ʮǿŵһ
һĨâһؿڵĴԪ£һܼսǴԪ֮з׷׷ɳ
һ
ʱԶХ֮һɿֲޱȵĺɫħλǺ֮ӿϯ
ǿֲĺɫħ֮һſǳһ¹âǿ֮ʧ
һԶȻֵĺɫħ磬Ȼɫ䣬ʧеãǺӺڰ籩
Ǿ޴İս֮ϣǿ߶ɫ䣬׷ģʩչһǿķӳԼϡ
ǺӺڰ籩λǺ֮еһֲֿ֣һǺӺڰ籩УǳΪ֮𡣾ʿǿ߱ǳǺӺڰ籩һᱻ顣ʿǿֻҪεһЩֻ·һ
ɫ䣬Ĭģħһָ
һŤͨȻ֣ǽ֮·ŤҲȻܵǺӺڰ籩ļӰ죬üΪȶ
һҧԦһħ޷˵ǽ֮·ȥһǺӺڰ籩Уˣֻܹѡ
ɫ䣬Ĭģһָһâǰս֮ϡ
һҰսһɢһǽϢһâ֣ûա
һ޴ĶѨȻ֣ǰս֮ǰҲһŤң·ʱпܱǽ֮·һҰսҲ޷˴һ˿˿âֱӷǽ֮·ڡ


411 λ
һƬһ߼ʵĴ½֮ϣ֮УռһŤһҰսҡҡλδǿռֱ֮ӷɳ׹䵽˵ϡ
һǰս֮зɳʩչۣ֮һָ
һֻͬһĽɫ֮Ȼ˷ȥ
˫֮һĨ˷֮ɫЦѵǸطҵȻã
ͬһƬ½֮ϣռһŤһ׸ߣͨεľӿռ֮Ȼɳ˵ϡ
һһԼ䣬һҶףһȻϢ׵ĸߵȾŮǾ޴ľ֮зɳԶһ޴ɽ֮УһĨ˷֮ɫ̫ˡʮ꿴ûаװ˷ѣ
ͬһ½֮ϣռһŤһֱߴһǧ׵ľ޴ʯǿռ֮׹䵽˵ϡ
һͷߴףһսףֳһֻ޴޹ǵĹͷ˴Ǿ޴ʯ֮߳
ͬһ½֮ϣռһŤһħƵħǿռ֮зɳ׹˵ϡ
һĻƬ޾Ĵ½֮вϵš
ͬһ½ռһŤһ˺۵мħ۴֮зɳҡҡ׹ŵ׹ȥ
мħۼ׹֮ʱħ֮УȻɳԪ£һħֱ
ʲôط
ΧȥֻΧдУ˸ϡֲͬʱ½֮ϵһǿޱȵħܡ
΢΢һԪ£ǴԪ֮ȻɳƬ½˷ȥ
ȡһֻһȫϢͶӰǣһ
һâȫϢͶӰ֮ڰ֮γһȫϢͶӰƬ½ĵͶӰ
һɹһƬΣͬһ̱ʯһĺ֮ʱһˮǺ֮б˲佫һֱӹᴩȻˮ˺֮С
һھһߴǧ׵ľ֮ʱһ޴ɫȻſһɫĹâһ֮ϣһֱ׹䣬ûǾĿУʧ
һܼƬİĴ½֮з裬ռϣȻǱ鲼½Ŀֲһһݻ١
濴һܼݻٵӰһĨ֮ɫһΣյĵطӦǽ֮ʮϡٵǣһһǿ󳬷ĸߵǡ
ǽ֮ʮϡ٣ҷΪ͵ǡеǡߵǡĸȼǡ
͵ֻܹʿǿߡеǿǿʿǿߡߵǿʿǿߡǿߴʿʵǸ޵ǿߡ
Ȼǽ֮Ҳʮϡ٣ֻǼʿʵԼЩʿʵµǿǽ֮ʱ
ףѵǴ˵֮еλλӵĵط
Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬һƬ½ȫϢͶӰĳط˲һŴ
ֻһƬޱߵĴ½룬һεľ޴ɽһ˿˿ϵϢǾ޴ɽǰԲεľ޴ɽ룬һҫޱȵĹâ˷ɢȥ
˵֮УλǺӵĺڣӵһЩλͱΪλҲǽ֮УȼԻðλӵĵط
Ǹεľ޴ɽλãһλӵ֮ء
΢΢һʮǰεľ޴ɽȥ
ʮոշɵһƬָһͷ峤ߴףɫһͷ­ϳһᣬһβͣмƵĿֲǽȻſһ
һгǿֲǽڣһֱܼӷǿֲǽ档
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һһܼ˷ǰεľ޴ɽȥ
һͷͷ׵磬峤ߴ׵ǽ·ʲôһ㣬ȻԼĳѨ֮зɳһܼȻȥ
һ׹ҫһֱܼ֮׹䡣
һƬɳĮ֮УȻ֮䣬һŻɫͬɳһķ籩Ȼ֮ͣȻһ
һܼ˲䱻ǿֲķ籩ֱʧ
һĻǿ֮ϲĳ֣ûһܹɵǰεľ޴ɽ֮ǰͱ·ϵĳһһˡ
һĻɫ΢΢
͵ɽڵķһۣһĨĹâλڵλӦǸߵǡЩߵܹ֮ǿʿĿֲЩǽûʿǻۣΪ壡һ·ѹɱȥ
ǰλӱһİλ滹ҪԻðٱֹǹ޵еߴʿʵԼͬǿڣܹɵĳλǺӣ׵Ļðλӡ˾溣ʿǿߡǿĻҪһöλӣҲȫԵ
ȻлðλӵĻᣬ;ԲŹᡣ
һؿڵĴԪ£һһƶװҪֱӳǰѸٵĽһƶװҪصڲһԾŰװãֱ
һװҪزһ´򿪣ԴԴϵĻееǹеڱǿ˺ߵս˴ƶװҪԴԴϵӿ˳
ûãһֻӴޱȵĻеƶװҪ֮ӿ˳
ǶƶװҪظոɲã˴󲿷ֵ8սûбȷǾװ֮󣬸ϵͳֱӴӶδ½˹Ϊڻұʹá
Щеսָװ֮ȻȻԶԶȲ±֣ƻȴ˷츲صǿ
濴ĻеһᣬֱӽһͨͨĻеܱڲȻԶһƵĶӳ
һƵĶӳͨʺɫߴʮףȫʹѪֶɣ֮ϼװһСڣ»ʿǿߣСһںУҲܵˡ
һǻеܱڲ֮󣬱ǻеܱԶһܶӳǶӳȻԶͨǿ󣬿ǷҲ󡣺׾ͻǿߵΧ
ƶװҪ֮ӿһٶս֮ս˵׷һŸǰɽڵķ򼲳۶ȥ
ûãһƬïޱȣȫߴ׵ľ֣ûһ˿ܹӾ֮͸Ĺֳǻеŵǰ
Ще嵽Ǿ֮ǰӶеĳƵ𵴵һնЩ֮ϡ
һſžֱӱǻеնأһͬѪҺһ֭ҺǵĶϿ֮Ȼ


412 һ·ѹ
·ͱһ㣬һƬ֮еľһεضִͬһЩеϯȥ
һ֮䣬жʮܻеǴֱִӾУǿֲһЩеķ󱬣ҽǻеһŤ
Ǻ󷽵Ļе˿壬ͬһһͷ֮ڣӶųƵ𵴵Щһſŵնϡ
Щη꣬ǻеһһնϣӲ֮һ޴ͨ
ǿֲĻеžһ̬ƣԭ˿ûһ·֮ʮѸٵնһ·
һˣһƬֶʮͷۡһƬֲеľʵǿҲʹԼڶңĳֲǿʿҲЩͷۡ
ЩĳֲҲӵһЩ͵ǻۣʮͬǿֲĻеŵ֮Ҳһ˿˿η֮ģĳֲﶼθطȥ
һƬ֮һƬһ߼ʣïݵĲԭһеǰ
ʮܻеһΣһ·һƬԭ֮С
һƬƬïޱȵȻͬһһ㵯Щеȥ
ʮܻеһ˲ſ˷֣Щһһ¡
һƬԭ֮еݷ·ŭһ㣬ݵһƬƬïܵļЩеȥЩеķ֮ϣһŽҶ
Щ˻ĻеǹȻɳһĻһƬԭ֮ȥ
ڣһƬԭ֮еĳݷ׷ױճɻңֲĻҲ˷Ӷȥ
Ⱥ֮Уһ·ɳɫɫǽħ棬ǽħγһƬֲĳЩսϯȥ
ǺѹѹĳȺһʮǰĻеͱǳɣϵķ˲顣
Ⱥٴη֮ʱʮܻеͨ巢ڣãӿݣƶһѷҲ޷
ЩŻĻеǹǰ棬һƬƬյĻЩȺһǽħ㻯һŻӰ֮׹䡣
ǻ֮УƬƬǽħ䣬ĳҲܼٶʧšӴĻеǸûֹͣƽĲһǰƽһɱЩǽħ档
ǽħĳҲܼٶѸʧգЩǽħȻһɢ˷ȥ
ҲӴĻеڲƬɴʿǿߵΣղԭ
ǲԭıԵԿһƬ಻ϵľ޴ɽһɽƣסһеߡ
һܼܼװŷװõĻеֱնԶȥ
ǻеķɽ֮еĳ
һͷ峤ߴףſľ޴ǽ籩ӥһͷһ峤׵ǽ򼡢һͷ׵磬˫峤ߴʮ׵ǽʨɽ֮зɳ˹
ǽ籩ӥӵвݷԪص֮ӵпȰ벽ǿʿĿֲʵһ˫֮кâһü֮һص֮ħƹâһԪΧƣһ̣һޱȵĴһܼܻеնȥ
һޱȵĴһնЩеķ֮ϣնǻеķֽ֮ն֮׹䡣
һͷǽſһ磬һɫĹĿһܻеϣ׾ٵĹᴩǻеķ֣ǻеϣ֮ʴһѺɫĶˮأȵ
һͷǽʨ׹ҫһ׵·һһһܼܻеϣǻеķͬĻһͬýޱȣֱ֮׹䡣
һܼǿ˺Ȼս֮еͷ벽ǿʿǽȥ
ͷǽһſڣʮɫĹȻһ¹ᴩʮǿ˺ߵķ֣ʮǿ˺ߵĻ֮ϣȫʴΪ˶Һ
ֻһ̣ٶȿ쵽˼Ľټǿ˺߾ͳͷǽߣǳƵ𵴵ͬһնͷǽ֮ϡ
һޱȵĲҽ֮Уͷǽһ¶ٵƣϵһҲЩǿ˺ն顣
һ֮䣬ǽЩǿ˺ܾˡûеȫӦͱЩǿ˺ն飬֮е䡣
һߣͷǽʨһ±׹⣬ߣ׹ҫʮǿ˺ѡ
ֱӷ顣һڴ·ͷǽʨ֮ϣͷǽʨֱӺ飬׹䡣
һͷǽ籩ӥƲֱӼԦſԶȥ
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ͷӴޱȵǽħ˫֮Ų̱ŰĹâͷǽ籩ӥһۡ
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ӵ츳»ʿＫΪֲһЩ»ʿϵһͿһʿаޱȵ䣬ʹе»ʿϵһ䣬ͿһѪʿӵͬһѪͳͳ
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ͷǽħһĨϷ֮ɫһӿһ˿˿ռ䲨
ĳһºͷǽħ޵֮ϣһŤɽ֮ϣƬɽͺһѨ
ͷǽħſѪһһȻǰһܼǿ˺߱ǿֲһ׷ûǸ֮ڣ໥ײ飬һѶѵ
ټǿ˺߾ûǿֲ֮Уʵ÷顣
ǿռߢһ·һ˿˿ռŲȻ֣ͷǽħϡ
ͷǽħϵĿռ˲ʧĳͬһ֮ϣ˺Ļۼףһ˲佫ûǩСѪ


413 ɱ»ʿǽħ
ͷǽħϺڹһ˿ЩѸ
ĳڵĺ·ûκЧһ㣬ͷǽħ޵˺һ˲ȫָ
ͷǽħſһ磬һɫĹĿ·ǻеһɨ
Ǻɫֵĵطеսͳͳ飬ſ˷Ҳ޷ֵǺɫĹֺ
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ͷǽħһ֮£гܵս˱ݻ١
ǶڻеҲɫ䣬ɫķ˽ŲĵǻеβһصĽ档
ս˱ݻ֮ͷǽħ֮ӹһĨƣ֮ɫһռ䲨֮ϡ
һ̣ǽħ˲Ļе֮УצǶӳݺץȥ
ΧĿռ߱ݻ֮ͷǽħ޾Ϳɵʹÿռȥڿռ֮д
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һ貵Ĺâҫһͷǽħ޵צ֮ϣͷǽħ޵צӺһѪ
ͷǽħ޲һצݺץ£ʵĽһܶӳֱץУһֱɷ顣
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ͷǽħһֱ׹䵽˵ϡ
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ЩеڱֳСͬһС̨һѣǽħ޵˫ۺȥ
ڹǽħ޵ͷһȭͷСѪǽħһֻ۾ֱӺ顣
ͷǽħβȻһ˲Ϣ֮䣬ӰºǲӰ֮еǿ˺ͳͳ÷飬·ɽ
ͷǽħ˫һǸ˫֮ϵıһһ顣
һŵɫǽħ޵֮ӿǱۡ˺۵徹һ˲֮ȫָ˹
üͷ΢΢һ壺ӵ֮ĻָֵĴڣ
ͷǽħһָ˫֮ޱȵĹâſһ磬һɫĹȻĿӴޱȵĻеһɨ
Ǻɫ֮еսͳͳ飬ɢء
һʮδٴγ֣ʮսͷǽħһ֮ȫݻ١
ͷų޴ַΧĿֲͷǽħ֮Ҳӹһ˿ƣ
һܼǿ˺ԸߴʮյĿֲٶȻ˷ͷǽħ޷ȥ
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ͷǽħܴƣʱŭռâҫһɲ֮䣬Խռһܶӳ֮ǰſѪһҧһھͽһܶӳֱҧ飬˿С
˲һͷǽħޡ
ͷǽħٴһ׹˴֮ϡ
ͬһʱ䣬һ·ųһҷǼս
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ǿֲĹ֮£ͷǽħ޵ϰֱӱ÷飬ǿֲĹݻͷǽħ޵ϰ֮󣬼Ĵ֮ϣһֱߴף׵ĿֲѨ
һ֮Ƿǽսâʼ
ͷǽħ޵ϰǼսڴݻ֮󣬲д°ϵ䶯ţѿʮֹѸ
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ͷǽħ޲д°ܿͱǿ˺ն飬¶һȭͷСǽħˡ
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ħԼǽħ޵Ĳкһ̺Һ̬˵ĳҺʮֹγһ࣬ϵš
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ӴޱȵĻеŷ׷նɽһ߷жȥ
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һͷ峤ףͬһͷ޴һ㣬˫û۾ͬҰһݵǽħ֮з衣
ͷǽħߣͷѾָԭεĸɫЩһϢͷǽħ޺ȥ
ͷǽħռŤеϢŤһߡһĴ˫ɵһͷ峤ߴʮ׵ľ֮ǰſѪڣһſ270ȵĿֲǶȣžһ˲ϣͷһ£Ѫ


414 ɱ
һĻѾΪͷƽĵһһɫĹâطȥ
ЩߣҲһĵɥɢ
ͷͬһ޴ߵǽ糬ͬһǾȺ֣֮ͷ֮ʮķɻһɽɽӿһƬʯ·ʯһȥϢ
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һ֮ǿֲĻеһ·ѹһնɱһʮͷʿǽʮͷǿʿǽݻٸǽħ桢ǽ糬ֲɽ֮ء
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ʲôһȺܣȥ
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һ̣һſ׽һʿҳճɻҵĻͬĩһӴޱȵĻеϯȥ
ߵһòǿҲһЦĬģһָһſޱȵ쫷ΧӿȻһƬƬֲĿûǻ֮УǻԽӿ񱩡
ǿֲĻ֮Уеսһſ˷֣һŻǷֱ֮ըѿû˵Щս˷ֺ
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ѪĽһ֮䣬ͷǿ߾ͱǿ˺ֱն飬ֻʣ׼ǵ׼֮ϣд֮ɫ·𲻸Լ
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ʱһܶӳǻȺ֮зɳһȻһºڵɵ֮ϣһըһˮ״СĹᴩˣƬѪӵɵ֮ӿء
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һͷͷ峤ߴ׵֮˴Ǿ˺յµ֮֮Щǿ˺ȥ
ͷҲŭһ߶Щսȥ
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ֻԴԴϵӴеͬһϯǹɿֲĻеǴʿǿֵܹĴڡ
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һܼǿ˺ߴӺȻɳһ½Χס
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ͬһʱ䣬ڰ֮еͷƽһҽУʮǿ˺˲ɵ֮ϣնֱն飬֮׹䡣
ǿҲͷ˱Ǻηǿ˺ֱնɱֻʣͷ˶֮֮ڿ֧š
ԼߵֻߵȾǿ߼һĻ΢΢һ
ͷƽλڳﶥ֮һһһͷƽӵа벽ǿʿĿֲΪǿʿδĶ֡һһʤҲһɡһֲǿ߾Ȼǿ˺ն飬ߵȾӲ
Ӯˣߣ
յ߶֮γһͷͷʯˡЩʯ˷ĹЩǿ˺ߣһͷͷǿ˺ֱӺ顣
Щǿ˺ӵʮյĿֲٶȣһ֮֮󣬱·ϱһɽһ㣬ٶȻ͵һգȻʯһһ顣
κδʿǿһյµ֮򶼻ܵҲԴ֮֮мȡصһ壬ǿޱȡƾ֮ǿʿǿҲδĶ֡
Ȼˣ·ɱ֮ǿ˺Ȼúյее


415 ɱħ
ȥڤĺֵһɣ
Щǿ˺֮УһëȻ
ʮܻеǹеڱ˷װãֱն֮γһƬеơ
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յɫ䣬Ĵ߶Լľ֮֮֮һͷͷߴ׵ʯȻ֣γһǽڵǰ
䣡䣡䣡
âʯ֮ϣһͷͷʯֱӱ飬޾Ĺâ˲佫յµǿֱɡ
âʧ֮ԭ֮ϣֻʣһѵԼָĶѨ
ߵȾǿ΢΢һ
յѾھһ֮Ҳżǿߡûսʤǿ˵ļ֮£˲飬Ǹκ춯
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һܻеӺ󷽷˹ֻҺ̬ҩֱݵֻߵȾǰˣעЩҩǾͿԻȥ򣬾ɣ
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һߵȾɫ䣬Цһ£ҲһҺ̬ҩϣעڡ
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һǸλӵ죬ͻᰴǽ編ûǽ֮Уǽ֮һƯһɸʣɱΪһλ档
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Χһ󣬱鲼мħĬģʩչʦ֣֮һץֱӽһöλץУһǶѨֱ֮ӳߡ
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ת粻֮мصطǾ֮֮Уɳһöӡһöһѿֳ룬һûһöλ棬һöֱӳ˾֮档
ߵķһһööмħ֮ͷųǿޱȵħܣЩħǷ֮£һɫֱû۶ڱ֮ڡ
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ħħ֮еһ֧ħһ;ͨռ֮ħÿһǴʿĴħǿʿħо
ħܹɵ֮д˵綼ԵֵǵĽŲǿʿǿߣûѧԵķҲᱻЩħϢ֮ɱ
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ͷħɫ䣬·Ĳҫǿռ֮ԾţһԾ˾ؿռ䡣
̫֮ڵؿռ֮ʱľʮֹʧ˵ؿռ֮ڡ
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ͷħɫ䣬һȴǿռ֮зɳ
һ̣ʮǿ˺һͷħһˣͷħ˲ͱն飬ֻʣһͷ­˵ϡ
ħͨռ֮֮ǿԶԶȲͷƽ;ˡͷƽ;˶ǿ˺ߵΧ֮䣬ͷħȻ⡣
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416 λ
ʱţʱת˲š
֮УüȺԲͬλĴʿǿ߸ոտƬɽͱӴĻеֱնɱ
֮ʶ֮УһλɷһֱǧסףͬһԲεһ΢Ͱλ档
ǶѨ֮еĽҲʧ˶Ѩ֮ڡ
滺˫ۣоһ壬һɫ֮Уɢ
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ʱһѷˮŸħҩĻеԡء
΢΢һЦֱ̤һеԡ֮Уϴһˮ裬ĸı仯
Ǽ޾΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺˰λ֮ҵĻ粻طš֮ǰĵطԭҪλ֮󣬲ܹӳ
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ԡ֮Уһ㣬һɿռϢ֮ΧһγһƬǿޱȵĿռ
ǰλľ֮ռΪһİλ棬֮УҲȻȻ˿ռ䷨İγ˿ռ
ǿռ֮бòŤռ䣬¶һ˿Цݡ
ԡ֮ɽ£ɽ֮£άߵȾǰ
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ʹûеܵλʮλ֮УҲֻв֮λʿʳĿ֮ʹù
ʮλչûһеչλһеλ桢λǾһеλ桢ʮλҲͬӵЩʵǿޱȣͳһпħǿڣûле
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ߵǰϸĿһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫһЦȻ鶼ˣ棬ӽҵŮҵˡ
Ȼ˿ǰӵǵòȴҲһһһľˣ֮УҲһˡ䵱ŮҲѾʸ
ŭӣȴĹǣˣ
άҪǰ˵Щʲô嶼޷ƣֻܹŭĿӡ
תͷ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȻҵĿѾɣҲʱûȥˣ
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սħǽ֮ڵ֮һâҫά˴ǽ֮˳
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΢ЦҶѣ
׳һŵʦ֣Ҫһ£Щֻܹס֮жɲܹսħߡ
ЩǰǽսħǿǾǽ֮дһЩϡŹֵǽǰλץǻΪԼĳЩ඼Σԣ˲ܹսħߡ
ץάֻߵȾ飬ҲпǸߵȾɳŮҲܹսħߡԼľʵ棬Ǿȫû⡣
浭һЦף
΢Цʦ֣ŴȾͿҪˡʮڴŴ֮ڵĻԾ
Ŵȣ΢΢һ㶣һŷӦ
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ŴȾսħڲҪıԣѾΪ»ʿǿ֮⣬սħڵӶŴ֮ڣƴ֣ȡһ¥
ŴǼŵλŵŵλŵ洫λ;
ǱһΪ״ӣҲӦð̣һȻǻһӵ״ӣͬҪϯŴȡǴսߵλãǴڱսߵλá
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֥ɨһۣӹһĨʣȻһЦȡһɫ΢΢һҡ
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һһǼɵǰĵ߸֮¡
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սħǴʮ֮һϵͳʮƣͬʱ֮ӵط溣ʿطҲ˿ȱսħ֮Уħһĵطӵս
սħŵǰǿߣ϶Խ׳Ϊսħڵ洫ӣмĿܽ׳Ϊ»ʿǿڡÿһһ壬һʮʮ֮ͬǿʿ
ŵӾԲʦʧġ
һĿһۣ¶һЦݵôҾڴıˡֳɫҲһϲ
ļ֮󣬻һӾֱ¡


417 Ŵ
սħڴʽʼ
սħڴ󾺼ǰһƬ̨Ǹ̨֮һսħڵͨϣԼһЩûнΪ»ʿ洫ӡǸ̨һսħڸ֧ÿһ»ʿʿǿߡ
սħǴʮ֮һ֮ӵطݲͬطݱΪ˲֧ͬרħҩѧħҩ塢רȵȡ
Ŵ֮еŵӴȾǸ֧ǰѡŵӵӡ֧ѡԼеŵӲǷЩŵӼһ
ҡڵǸ̨֮ϣ·󾺼̨֮ϣ˶ǿʿϵǿߣֻһʿԵʮۡ
ĲԶ֮ˡһһӵѪɫ˫֮ѱâӡһǴѩʿۣԸзһͷڳޱȵŮӡһһͨòͨһ˫۾ȴ񣬷·ܹȥӡ
ŮԶʮֿտɢ˽Ȼͬǿսħڸ֧
ĿҲŮ˿һۡ
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֥ǿʿҲϵȣǻһӵļ֮⣬ͬҲսħڵ洫֮һ
Ŀ֮жʱ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
һӵĴ̫ϳսħ֮ڵĴʿǿߣսħҲʿǿߡĴ̫ϳ״ӵݣȻͨ洫ҪϼͬĴ̫ϳϵ״Ҳһ֮еš
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սħڵļ֮Уһ۵ݣʮɰŮڸ̨֮ϵ棬˫Բɣʧе
һĸòڵŮüͷ΢΢һãŵĿɶڵ洫ʦ֣Ĵ̫ϳϵ״ӣ̫ʧˡֻͨļӣЩ洫ʦһ仰ڴ粽С
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֮һĨĽ֮ɫûŵľĴ̫ϳϵ״ӡһλǲ֮ǰոճΪһ̫ϳ״ӵ棡˵Զʿðս˷λ棬ڷλ֮նɱһ񼶵ǿߣŻʸ񡣡
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֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һЦʦã츳ڣֻҪŬޣҲһϣΪĴ̫ϳϵ״ӡ
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һٶŽ״ʿڶδ½֮еšսħȴͬսħط֪ʶԴĻ֮УһٶŽ״ʿҪǿʿΪѡ
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·ЩӵĿ⣬ĿӵıԺ
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֮ǼӵıȫɣǰʮļȫΪŵӣȻſʼŵӵıԡ
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֮սħŵӵıҲǰʮŵֱӽΪŵӡ
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Ǵ󾺼·ȥһĨ棬Ǹһǿ
Ǵ󾺼֮УվˣһǴһɫʿۣòӢӡһһͷɫ̷һ£˫֮Ե֮ɫһۿȥ·һڰ֮еӡ
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֥Ŀһۣ֮һĨâ
ܹĴڣĸطһСҪ֪սħ֮ڣһЩ»ʿǿ߶ûﰵ˿ûη壬֥ʵֶ˼ֺ档
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ʿγɵĽɫսħγɵĽɫսħϢǿʮֹȻҲŵ֮еһ֡
ﰵĿһһɺڰϢһƬ·ܹйâĺڰȻΪģʿֶȥ
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ﰵһĨѱ֮ɫŸ̨֮ŵĿһۣ¶һ˿ЦתӴ󾺼֮¡


418 ﰵս
ŵӵıԼУﰵһ·ѹûκ⣬еĶ֣Ծǿ֮ˣĳΪŵӵһˡ
δȵ½ﰵΪŵӵһֱ֮ӵﰵΪδȵһȨսĴ̫ϳϵ״Լڴ˵صκһ洫ӡ
Ǵ󾺼֮ϣ˵Ŀⶼﰵϡ
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˺ڰ򣬲ӵǿʿΪﰵʵѾǿʿ۷ǿߡʵ洫֮УеƫµλáһЩսħڵ洫ӶҪǿöࡣ
Щ洫ӱﰵܣҲʧȥ洫ӵĵλΪŵӡ
ﰵ¶һѱЦݴս̫ϳϵ״棡ʦ֣ͽ̣
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治ֻдʿʵȻҴ̫ϳϵ״ӳϯȡⲻԼ𣿡
ܹڷλնɱһ񼶵ħ֣һЩ¡ﰵ˺ڰǿߣһǿʿǿߣûһ˿ʤ㣡

һ֮Ⱥ֮СһĿ⼯ϣЩĿ֮ж֮ɫ
ͬǿսЩսħڵĵӻмڴϾйսﰵǿʿǿߣ˺ڰ򣬾ǲսħڵ洫ҲδĶ֡ĵˣû˿档
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һʦֵͷһ̤ߵ˴󾺼룬ﰵԡ
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ʿǿʿ֮Ĳʵ̫޴ˣ

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ﰵɫȻ䣬Ȼˣһתڵλã֮һĨ֮ɫ
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ﰵһЦĬģһָһɫĹâȻӿ֮ϣγһ׸ȫſһԺɫսס
źɺ֮һĨâЦɫսħһСһȻܹսħط̶ȣ
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׿һɣ
ﰵһ۳Ǻɫսħ壬ŨޱȵĺһɰԵ׵Ϣ֮л
ﰵʩչսħط֮һΣһӰ΢΢ģ˱ʮֹĳǰһȭŨޱȵĺ˺ѿռĿֲϢźȥ
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һȭ֮ʣﰵɫȻ䣬·оһޱߵΰѹǹɿֲ׵ϢѹƵֻܹȭһ
飡
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Ǵ󾺼֮ϣ˼һĻһƬȻ˵жһĨ֮ɫ
ﰵǹϵŵӵһˣʵǿޱȣսħطҲһһ֮ĿֲطǺɫսħļӳ֮£ﰵԽǿʿľ˿ֲĴڣȻʿһɣֱ졣
źɺ֮һĨâЩʦܣǳɫ󳬳ҵԤϡʲôط
׿һҲ״¶һ˿֮ɫǿ
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ﰵ³һѪ֮αˣһ˳֮⣬ͣЪ̧ͷ棬гء
ﰵһ˿˫ȼս⣬һһʦ֣ҶܹΪ̫ϳϵ״ʮֵĲڿҴˡȷӵгΪ̫ϳ״ӵʸڴʿʱûӵǿΪ˱ľ⣬һȫ
浭һЦܷɣҲһºڰ
ﰵ΢΢һЦĬģһ޾ĺڰΪģһƬ·ܹйâĺڰϯȥ˲Ϣ֮ͽ޾ĺڰ֮С
һǺڰɣ·һƬžʲôڵĺڰ֮СŲζ塢֮⣬κζо
ĬģһڰӾ˫֮ϣΧȥǺڰӾķЧȴȫûκã֮Ȼ޾ĺڰ
ܹԿģҲֻ򣡻ԶԶľ仰Ȼ
浭һЦһɿֲޱȵĿռ䲨֮һռΪ˷ɢȥ
ռڰ֮Ƭ֮вϽ֯к
ռķΧ֮ڣռҡŤһڰ֮޾ĺڰ֮ûǿռ֮УʮֹĴԽŤռ䣬һĽ£ǵ΢΢һ


419 սħ
Ǵ󾺼֮ϣһ³ƬһƬŤĿռ䡢һƬǳ޾ĺڰ֯໥໥
ռ򣡣棬Ȼ֮һѵĿռ򣡣
ǿռ֮֮һȻܹ̫ˣ
治ǻδ̫ϳϵ״ӣ

Ǵ󾺼Χ˼һĻ֮жһĨ֮ɫ
Ǹ̨֮ϵĸҲΪ֮Ŀж¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫʱѾǻһӵ״ӣǶƴ棬һ֮Уһʵ
źɺŴ󾺼Ӱ֮һĨ֮ɫһ̾˼ʣǿռʦܣҲǽʯʦõСǹﰡ
׿һȻʯʦãҪ»ʿ˰ɣ
ܷĿҲźɺϡ
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Ǵ󾺼֮Уǿռڰ໥֯ԴԴϵڱʶ֮еһλԴԴϵ޷άǿռĴڡ
ﰵȻûǿǺڰȻһһûڡ
ﰵһԺڰ˫һģһɫâɲ֮䣬Ǵ󾺼֮һ³ǧӰ
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ڰ֮еﰵǿʿ׾ٱֱӹᴩǺɫսħҲѣҽһֱӴ֮׹䵽˵һѪɫ԰׵Ĳˣ
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󾺼һ¶ǻǴ󾺼֮еսħڵӶԼ۾Ǹ޷ܣ۷׷ס
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ǿʿľﰵЩսħڵĵӻԽܡڣֻǴʿ׾ٵĻﰵֱֱ֣졣
һ𺳵Ŀ֮У̤նУһصĴ״ӵλ֮¡
һΣ·սħڵĵҲûòмƵĿע档
ԴʿݳΪһӵ״ӣսħ֮һֱู̡ܵϾսħ츳ʮֿ̿ŬҲҪһӼӡŵӡŵӡ洫ӣһһӡܹпܱĴ̫ϳΪ״ӡ
Դʿľ磬ԾԵʵﰵҲû˸̫ϳ״ʸ
ﰵһɬӴ󾺼֮£Ȼ£ĴᡣǰһǿʿУЩʧ䡣ǰһʿУһʮֽ
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ǱԽ֮һŴȲʽ
Χڴ󾺼ΧսħڵҲɢȥ
ʦܣ
ԼĶΪһж׼󷽱㴫źɺǽĶ
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źɺĿ֥һӶ΢ЦȻʦԸһĻҲܻӭ
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423 ƺú
󺣵Ȼɵй
浭һЦĿǱ֮вϵתһųһϲ֮ɫһѿʯ֮ǰһѿʯֱ
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ĿǰѾӵжƶװҪأǶƶװҪѾԺϳ͵ȵĶ԰ķʯͼԾšĶ԰ķʯĿǰ޷ϳɡ
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ĿǰӵеȶԾŷֱڷλȺδ½ĵ»ءǽλǺ֮УЯһȶԾšǵȶԾһͿڸλ֮ɵĽд
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ĿڰصһӶ֮һĨŭɫĴٵλΪߣغҲҪɫ¡ȥغغĹǺڸս֮ϣȴֻðԻоһ衣
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427 ֮ܽ
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430 ׻ʽ
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ǰ׻ʽ֮екսʿǿҳûİ׻սҲһëȻĸо
λ溣ս֮УǰսȻսຣսĳʶ
ǰ׻ʽӵսȻһں飬ֱӺʵЩں֮дʮĺһһĸо
ûеİ˹´ǵصڻ˰׻ʽ֮ϣ׻ʽһһҵľսǺĸӵĿֲڻ֮бըķѣһһ˺֮С
֮Уս֮ڶһܼܳսͬȺһ߷
һҳսͬһͷͷһ㣬һɵǰ׻սϿգһնԵؼƵͬһǴս׸սȥ
ݻǰ׻ʽ֮ΨһĴս׸սЩսЩľƵսһ𽢶ܹһа٣Щľս״ݻ١
ˮĻ컪
˹Ŵ֮зµļƵһ³˺Ů񰣶Ŵ֮һָ
ˮӴ֮ڶ𣬻һƬʮ׵ε޴ˮĻ֮С
ļƵһεˮĻ֮УεˮĻֱӲס޷Ҳͬ޷Ա
֮һҳսҰ׸սںڵͬһ·˹ȥ
Щս޷䴩ǲεˮĻ
⺣֮ˮԪŨĵطʩչˮϵħҲǿĵط
˹ʩչˮĻ컪ֵסЩսĹǰ׻ʽӵսȴǷ׷׻һҫޱȻ˴֮С

ڰ˹ʹĿ֮Уһٶսȫû˿ûиʩչָӵء
ڸս֮ϡ
ٵ΢΢һ̾׻ʽغ֮ǿһֻӡһֻӾȻûˣ
˿ǰ׻ʽ溽ĸȺڻ֮һһ飬Ҳͬ𺳣Ľӣ̫ˡ
˿λŮ񣬾սǵһοĲԳƹ
׻ʽӾڸ˿ҲһֻǿޱȵĽӡǺҪһֻװԱڶࡢսḻĽҲҪƵĴۡǰ׻ʽĺĸȺսĻᶼòѾݻ٣սø˿Щ
ǺĸȺΧսȫ˰׻ʽս֮ڻҰ׸սȥ
յĵͬһ㽫Ұ׸սֱɡ
˹ƴĴ߶ˮĻ컪ļ淨е֮ͬһ޴Ĺһɫò԰
˹һҧȵˣ
ǰ׸սѸٵĵתͷʱķȥ
һֻĸȴں󷽽׷ᣬĺǰ׸ս
Ǹ˹ҵסˣʵǱǸ
˹һҧһΣһ˺֮Уػ׸ս
Ͼ޾һʵʵֵİӣҲᱻһĸӵսɷ顣
˹ӵıߣ
˹ɫ䷢һޱȵĲҽУȻҲһͷ˺֮С
ڵһҰ׸ս֮ϡ
䣡䣡䣡
һҰ׸սһ±ٷھڵУĽķѣŨŨ̻𣬳˴֮С
ǰ׸սĳûֻ׸ֽҲȫĵĸȺȫߣĵĸȺûκǿƼʱľ޴ࡣ
˹һ뺣Уе֮ųһĹâˮ֮еĿֱûڡɵں֮к
Ǻ֮УȺʮϵĺɱ߷ٶȿþˡ
˹ĺɱߣɫ䣬һһɫеΰĺŮ񰣶ţȾң
һɫ֮ӿǺ֮γһƴСӵһͷͬһεӨ񣬻ʥΰʥϢľɫŮɫŮǺŮ񰣶š
Ů񰣶һ֣˹һɨӹһ˿ʧ΢΢һ̾һˮУʧ
һ̣Ǻڸս֮ǰһɺڶǺ֮һ¸ֳ˺Ů񰣶ŵӰ
΢ķˣǺŮ񰣶ţĽӹҵ߽ƽϿҽ㽵֮Ʋã
Ů񰣶һǺڸս֮ϣɫ˫棬һɺޱߵĿֲѹӵk֮ڸսǸ߸ϵ
ѹ֮£ڸս֮ϳ͸˿֮⣬˶ѹȵô
˿ӵ֮ܽݵףʲô޷Ӱ
Ǻ֮ϣһ§ŰȣźŮ񰣶һЦŮͲװˡҵĲ֮ҲӦһֻɳһͶӰҲңҲ̫Ʋ˰ɡ
˿֮һĨ֮ɫĶ棬ЩĿɿڴȻŮ˵
ǷλϵĴڣһ΢ҲҵĹ߹Ĵ۹Ļʵ۱һʱҲ뱣ǫǸ߹ͷ­
κκŮͽԺŮ񰣶˵ᷢһ˷
Ů񰣶üͷ΢΢һλ泱ϫһʲôˣСϣλ泱ϫ֮ǰһָܹ㣬Ųţ
浭һЦŵţλ泱ϫ֮ǰһ˵ܹɱңڣУ
Ů񰣶òɵĿҿе߱ƽϿ
΢ЦɽҿԣҪӴ··ƣ׼λᾧһƽϿҪô˺Ҳõķߣֱɱȥ
Ů񰣶ü΢΢һ壬ĿĶ档


432 ɱħ
Ů񰣶ŵһῼһ£˺ķߡݻеĿܣɱƽϿ
ǺŮ񰣶ŵͶӰǰֱӱ
һεɫĹâǴ֮ڶ𣬾˹Զȥ
֮УȻ֮䣬ƻۣڹһޱȵȻ͡
ȻŮ񰣶ű漤ŭˡ
ǿޱȵ绹ûȫһεɫĹâҫ֮ϡǿޱȵֱӱʧ
һŭƬ֮𣺡ܽݣ㣡
Ƭ֮ȴûκηӦ
ɳĺĸսȺݻ˰׻ʽ֮󣬼ǰƶϵƶķΧ
Ǻڸսǰʱʱ˷ڣһһҸս״Ǵ֮ڶγһһĸսȺԶʻȥ
ǶʮֻĸսȺܿݱΪʮֻĸսȺһƬ֮ϣ洦ɼһҾ޴ĸս
ǺĸսȺͷų֮ͷ·𲦿սһ㣬ȫϢͶӰ֮֡
ûãһֻ޴սȫϢͶӰϡ
ٵһҾ޴սһħ֮һഫӢ۰ӵ¡ʵǿӵһʥնɱһԨħ
񼶵ԨħоʵΪֲͨĴ漶ǿܹĴڡǴ漶ǿӵıȻʹһЩԣնɱһԨħоҲǲܵ顣
浭Ǿ͸ɵ
һƬ֮С
һҳʮ׵ս֮ϣվһĿ࣬ϱ֮Ӣ䲻ĴӢ۰ӵ¡
ڰӵµǰһɫ֮Уһޱȵӵ£һ㵽˻ƽϿһҪֵ͵ǻƽϿ֮Уһǲߡ֮ѡĻ鱾ǰƽƽԭֻеȵkɱҵʱһ˿ϣһöǻ۽ƻ
ӵֻ֪Ҫʦİһöǻ۽ƻһҵġ
Ǻɫ֮ǲϵٴ𣺡סԣΪһ֮һҪң
ӵ˫֮ȼҰĵĻնǵȻһΪһ飬Ϊһ񣡣
ɽҿԣҪӴ··ƣ׼λᾧһƽϿһа˸ƽϿûǮ͹ǽΪˣֱӻ
һԵ־޴һƬ֮
֮ʣǵʮߺĸսȺһ³ߣޱȵɱӿ
ӵĿɿڴĿĺĸսȺʦЩʲôˣ
ںɫĺɫʯһâγһֻ۾ǺĸսȺȥҲһĨ֮ɫ֪Ҵûмǣ
ûлػΪˣ
ǰԵٴǺĸսȺ֮ϵĻ𽢵ȸս˲ڻǵصڻһսֱϯȥ
¡
һ֮£һսͱڻ𸲸ǣ֧飬ź׳ȥ
ӵ³֮һ֣Ҳһ֮˺ףѸٵǺĸսȺȥֻҪӽǺĸսȺͿһһǺĸսȺ֮ϵͳͳɱ
ӵ¸ո뺣ãһȺɱγɵȺֱ
ӵ¶ʱɫ䣬ź֮ȥ⺣֮У޶ɵĻ֮ء
ǺɱγɵĿֲȺٶʵֲ̫֮䣬ͳ˰ӵǰֱŰӵһˡ
ӵһŭƴ֧ʮ룬ͱһѿݹǣֻʣ֮Լǹĺɫ
ӵ½ϣһһǿߣƾеܹ֮濹ǿʿǿߡ⺣֮Уһʮ֮һûзӳһͱЩɱɱˡ
ûãɱ˺ڸս֮ϣ֮Լǹĺɫ׸档
潫֮ץУޱȵĿһۡ
ղ֮λرȼֵĻϵرӵλ֮УЩʹõ̺ӵиָķ򣬲ܹӳֲܡ
֮䵽֮λ棬Ǿ»ʿıϵرʮ󣬳˴Ľʮŵ洫ԼһЩŵ»ʿ֮⣬ɢ»ʿܶ඼һرûС
潫עǻ֮ڣǻ֮âһһ˲˽֮ϣɢһɿֲ
һĨ֮̾ɫı֮ǰʹõǿ̫ˡ
ܹĸֳֻ֪֮ʱԽͷ弶ϵǻ֮Ҳһκ˶ֱʹãʺϲ
ɨһеĺɫҸôأ
Ǻɫ֮дһޱȵǻάӣӵ֪ʶ;飡ֻҪԸⷢģȫҡôԸΪʦָγΪһ顣
¶һŹֵЦݵάӣ飿԰ɣħʵݣ
Ǻɫ֮д˲ϵûһ˿ҡҪңǻάӡ
浭Բ֮λʿͨħѧɫǸĴıһַӡħķӡʯ
ǲϵʱһ٣һתΪһǰ͹ջ󣬽ǵûһħһһ˵ŮħʿҳһὫҵ֪ʶͳͳ׸ҹԹԵĵСŮūΪʿǿڡ
Ŀ֮кת粻֮мŵطһ֮ϣһ鱦ʯһ㡣
㣬Ҫʲôʹס֣ѵҪҵ֪ʶӵе֪ʶΪʿ溣ʿҲһ˿ܣ
Ǳʯ洫һʹһ֮
һЦ˿ΪħŪĸ֣ƻޱȡĻЩƻϹԣȻЩȥɡ
һޱȵİ֮Ǻɫ֮д֮еĹħ涼˿ûжҡ
ûãһɫıʯձһޱȵ걦ʯ
˿һԿǹħһĻ΢΢һݣһµˣ
ǹħŵ鶼Ϊ֮ģȴ˿ûԥֱӽkɵͬһ־ø˿ʮҲδֵܹסǹħջ


433 ش֮ȵǿ
ͨƽϿĺ֮Уһҳ׵սǻƽϿۡ
һֻĸȻս֮ϣڻ˲һս֮ϣһսֱ˺顣
һ׹ս֮зɳǱޱȵźȥ
һƬһҳʮ׵սǻƽϿ۶
һֻĸһ³սǰڻսֱӺɷ顣
һĻĻǶ򲻶ϵĳ֣һҿǻ۽ƻսոճڶͱĺĸֱ˺顣
ǲӵĺĸȺ鲼˶԰Ե׵̬ǻ۽ƻӲ档
ЩĸȺսķλǿЩѡ˷ЩѡǺĸȺΧ֮ǻһˡ
ʱƣһĸȺı֮£Щڶγɵһ˼ɹĸȺ֮׷ӱܣ˿ǺĸȺս
һԷλĴ漶ǿǶڵȴһᣬȴǿʱ
֮һͷ峤ߴףɢϹİԶͷվһһŮˡһӵһͷҫ۵Ľ𷢣ɫ˫ϣ·һ֧ߣޱȵӡһһͷɫ˫˪ѩһᣬϢİ͹£վ׵ľɫˡ
֮ȵǿˣ
֮ȵŽڶ櫣

ǺĸȺΧεĶǴǿߣഫǿ߱վһʵһĶħħһǿڡЩǿڵָ֮£Ҳһϳ֮ȵš
һŮഫǿվһž޴ĺҶ֮ϣĿ֮ȵǿߡ
Ϊһгʵ˵ǻȥȵĺ𣿡
ħ֮նɱԨħഫӢۼӵ¡
λ泱ϫһԨħϯλ档ЩԨħս֮УഫӢ۷·һ֮һصĽð˳ʷ̨˭Ҳ֪ЩӢ۱վһǿĴڣҲ顢ҲǶħҲħ
һһɫʿòӢ𷢱۵΢Ц֮ȵЩһԴҸҴģһǺȵĸսͻ
źɫʿҲͬħ֮ഫӢۺɫʿ̩Ხħ֮䣬ҲնɱԨħһʵⲮĹء
ǿҲ΢΢ͷ֮ȵǿ߿ȥ
һͷɢϹİɫʮ־׼ͣǺĸȺľԵ֮ϡ
ڶһǳϵһƬ֮лص֮ȵڶÿҪƽϿ
һĿ⼯Ƭ֮еĸ֮ϡ
ӥʦ֮ۡħ֮ۡħˮǺĸӾԵһͬĴǿ߶ʩչַǸӵķӦ
֮Ƿλ֮ǿ֮һ֮ľԼ״ݻĴ۹
ڷλ֮Уϵ١ǵսȴûκ˸Сǿϵ̩̹ϵҲԸϵһֲĵˡ
ɽҿԣҪӴ··ƣ׼λᾧһƽϿһа˸ƽϿûǮ͹ǽΪˣֱ𣡡
Ƭ֮Уһ´һԵޱȵƬ֮лص
ս߷һܼǿ˺ߡռߵսҲ׷׷γһƬ˺½յսȺ߱
ǺȰԵޱȵĻظһֻĿڶһеϡ
ڶɫˢһ±ޱȣԶĸսˣ˫֮мҪСǽһţĸһͷԶӵԶѪƾǸ߹ǿѪ֮ӵǿʿʵ峤ϡ
߹ݡǿʵڶߵ˵Ľ㡣ĻҲû˸ΥڣȻ˽ֱǶ衣
ϣݻΪܰɣ
ڶ˫֮кâһţһ³µһָ
һɺޱߵĿֲԪ֮֮һ»۳˹ơ
䣡Ҫʩչ䣡
ǴΧ䣡

ΧǿǼһĻһĨâʿʩչĴΧϵڷλֱ֮Ϊ䡣
һȥͻսʿλ֮УǱֹʹõķκһʹý䣬ȨԳ֣ɱ
ڶţӵԶѪһɣκһɱһ򻤶̵ҲᱨΪλ֮УǿȻϵ
ǽĽֹʹãֻڶʹáѾ¶˶Ѿ֪ʿ֧һеĲ֮λ档ڶʹý䣬ҲκֹԳֻɱ
֮лƷڣǺĸսȺ·ͱһ㣬ǧǿ˺ߡռȾߵսѸٵ߷
𽢡Ѳ֮ϵļŵĴھڡڡھڡڵڻ𣬻һһֲĹĻڶ֮ȵǿߺ
ϮϮ
ȫߵˣǣ

ޱȵľ֮Ƭ֮лص
ڸʮĸսȺһͬȺһƬ
֮УɱҲͬȺһӿ
ͷϹŰɫȻ䣬һ³Ŀֲѹ˲䱬һâҫǰһγһ޴ޱȵұڡ
ͬĻһڻǾ޴ұ֮ϣӣǺʮ׵ľ޴ұķѡֲޱȵĹĻ˲佫˹ȵǿɡ
ڶ櫣ӣ
ͷϹŰһ·һ춯صŭ𣬻һһķ֮ϣֱڶŵǰ
һ֮ϣһӣһ
ڡڡڵڻһºͷϹŰϣһ޴ɸӣѪֹ
ڶɫһĻɫһףԼ۾ؽе壡
һͷϹŰӵǿʿĿֲΪһͷǿϹŰȻڻֲ֧֮һӡԶԶڶԤϡû뵽ֻĸսȺȻ˵Ŀֲǿ


434 ǿƼ
һͷǿʿϹžûָ档ȫ׾ٵĴݻһ
ڶҲͬǿƥǿʿľš󿰱ǿʿ֮ǿߣڶĵڡ
ͷǿʿϹŰһѾǺĸӼȺشڶľĿɿڴսԼĵжôǿ
֮Уһܼǿ˺ʮյĿֲٶȣ·˺ǿһ㣬˲֮ȵǿǰеűĺ⣬һ·˹
ʱһֱԹŵӣһŴԸͶ֧𣡣
ͬһʱ䣬һܼǿ˺еĳƵ𵴵һͣͷϹŰĸҪ櫵ĻһͷϹŰͻᱻֱնƬһʬ塣
ǺĸսȺ֮Ҳһ˲ֹ֮ͣ
һʧϹŰͬɸһѪܼٶѸٵ
ǿʿϹžָΪֲΪ˱ڶԼ֮ȵľšԲôױشֻҪһУܹܹ󲿷ֵĹ
һǿ˺һ˲Ϣ֮ǰǻеϳɵǧ׼λᾧǵ𣡡
ڶһݣÿٶȣ
ǿ˺ߵƶٶȱڶƶٶȻҪöࡣʹÿռ䷨ڶƶٶȸǿ˺ȡ
һ֮ǧ߷ǿ˺ߣڶͷƤһ飬һѪǿŷɵʹֱӽǽʩչ
һӣһöռָǿ˺ߵĻеУǧ׼λᾧҪһƽϿ
ڶĿһ¼櫵ϳ֮ɫôҲû뵽櫾Ȼܹóǧ׼λᾧζ֮֮һվ櫵ı
һǿ˺ߵĻеץһöռָȻʮյĿֲٶźڸսڵķȥ
֮ȵǿ߰ˣ
ÿµĸӣ

ЩΧ棬ͼˮĴ漶ǿǼһĻɫ䡣֮ȵǿ߶ӵǿƥеսǿ߾ȻɲҰֻӵУЩǿʶǺĸսȺǿ
ڸս֮ϣӹһöռָһһᾧСЩᾧ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ᾧʮһʥͽͽһϵܹ֮γһöᾧĪ˹۹˿ΪϵĹһԻᾧҲֻһǧö
ᾧʩչıϡһǿûгᾧôkʵȲһ溣ʿһǿӵгᾧkȫԵͨ溣ʿ
֮սÿһս֮󣬶᲻Լͬսǧ꣬Ϊ˻㹻ᾧ
֮䣬ᾧͨõĻңȼ֮ʯ
ĻҪڷλᾧҲǱزٵĶ
һǿ˺ߴǰܺã뿪
΢΢һΣֱǼǿ˺ߵıϡ
һĺ֮һǿ˺źڸսڵķȥ
Ŀһ۳߰ɣ
ڶһҧгݵԶһۣıΪһͷɢſֲϢĻƽԶֱӷȥ
ǻǸҳ֣֮ҲҶ
ǵ죡

ЩںĸȺ䷶Χ֮ĴǿǼһĻж𺳡֮Ƿλǿ֮һû˸׵ǺĸսȺ˿ûԥͽͷϹŰˣ㽫֮ȵǿֱӸɵ־̬˶溴Ƭľġ
һǺڸս΢΢һ񣺡£
ΪжôĽǰǰΪǰӵеΪ֮η塣
һָ΢΢һЦɣ
ĿһƬȫϢͶӰ֮ϣһĨ֮ɫķǸ˵֮λʿ
һ彾ޱȣЩʵСࡣֻв֮λʿܹӮǵ𾴡Ϊ֮λʿ㹻ǿ
˴ʿʳ֮мʹǳػʳʱȻѹķƿλ档ǷλľǶʮ֮λʿǿֲħƥеĿֲڡ
һҷ·ͷѻһŨħɢɭɭսԶʻս֮ϣվһͷһͷԨħͷԨħо
Ԩħˣ
Ҳˣ

Щഫ漶ǿһͷԨħоɫѸٵΧȥóһ·
ԨħĽӳֲãһֻʮֻսΪģһǧҰ׳սΪརҲԶʻ
Ī˹۹ĽӣҲˣ

ЩഫǿһʮҴս֮۾һ˷ܵ۵
Ī˹۹Ĵ۹֮һӴ۹ĺ棬վŷλǿϵ֮һϵǾϵʵҲԶԶȲϵ
ЩĴǿʮ뿴ǽޱȵϵ֮ѡǻ᲻ĺĸӺݺݵӲӲһ
ÿãһֻɰҴսɣһǧսɵརҲƬ֮С
̩̹۹ĽӣҲˣ
̩̹۹ĴսսǾȻˣ

һ˷ܵЩഫǿǱøڴֻоûޱȣǲлûǱƽϿ
ֻһغңǶ󺣵˺Ӵ󽢶Ӿͣ˺ĸȺľ⣬໥š
ûãһֻһͷ֪ͳﺡƶɵľ޴սԶʻǺսһǰĻһҳ˸ֲֳޱȵľ崫ս
˵۹;۹ˣ
ҲԣĪ˹۹̩̹۹۹ǿ

ЩǿһǺս;ս۾һ˷ޱȵ
һֻֻӵĵζŷλ֮УĴһ𣬹ͬǿȥսʤĻеš
Ƭ֮Уһ˷ڣһͷ峤ǧ׵ľ޴Ӻ֮ڶ
ͷ޴ϣվһ°㣬ϰһԸУʤѩһ˫۾ִһͷɫپ¾ף徣ֳһֻꪵŮ


435 ʹӢ
ŮվŶʮĿ࣬ߴʮ׵ľսʿǶʮսʿ϶ɢſȴ漶ǿߵĿֲϢ
Ǿ޴Աߣ˷ڹսʿǺ֮ӿվ˺֮ϣĶΧǿߡ
Ů櫣
Ǿһ֮ĵһŮȻ鴫

ЩѾԶԶ㵽һߵ崫漶ǿ߿Ů֮һһĨ֮ɫ
Ƭ֮УŮ٣ǵòʶۣ˭ҲȲŮ櫡ǾĶŮҲѷһ
·Ĭһ㣬˲ͬĵط໥š
ԨħԭǷλУ˶Ӷ
һĿⶼǷ·𱻺ĸȺȫĺ֮ڡ
Ī˹۹֮Уսֿһұ鲼ħ·ĵĴս֮źĸȺڵĺȥ
Ǵս֮Ƿλ֮εһҴս
Ƿ֮һһ̳۵߳ϵǹڸķ㣬Ī˹۹ĽӽȥҽĪ˹۹ĹλԼءͬʱҲΪĪ˹۹У
ɽҿԣҪӴ··ƣ׼λᾧһƽϿһ߸ƽϿûǮ͹ǽΪˣֱ𣡡
Ƭ֮дһ׼޴һֻֻڸ߮ŵĺĸսȺҲѸٵ˹
һĿ࣬ͬһͷܣһɫսףվ̩̹۹֮еӼЦķĪ˹۹ĹôǵĻ
ķƽޱȵѾĪ˹۹Ĺˡΰ񽫻ǲʹаޱȵˣ
ķĬģֳһȨһָ
֮Уһʥޱȣӵɽˮ㣬羰ʤգ鲼ʹӰȻ֡
һɺ嫡ʥΰϢӰ֮л
һʥޱȵĹâӰ֮֮һ
һɴâɵĹ֮Ȼ֮֡
ʹǹ֮֮вϵķɳȻվ֮Сÿһʹɢſȴ漶۷ĿֲϢ
ʹţ
ϵʹţǹʹǿĹʹ

ΧĴǿһǴӰ֮ӿһʹɫʱ䡣
ʹϵǿսţǿʹ鶼Ҫǿ
ڹ˹ߵȼĳʹʹÿһеɱһе顣
ϵ֮УһЩ΢kߵĻʹȵkǱҪǿöࡣ
ڷλ֮ս֮УЩʹ֮ȷѪꡣǿЩǿޱȵʹС
սʱҪ𣿡
Դǩ֮ԼڷҲûпʹŵټЩλĴǿһʹ֮бһëȻĸо
漶ǿںƽǸǿս֮սУ漶ǿֻ߽ʿڻһĴڡ֮У漶ʹֻͨʿ
ʹţͬһ㣬ɫս׵һĨ֮ɫȡһɫĳһָ
һӰȻ֣һռز֪ľŲΰӰ֮С
ǾŲΰ棬ŮսʿЩŮսʿÿһʩչտ似໥ɱšÿһ˵似·𾭹ǧһĴκһĽʥڿǾ׵似֮󣬶ᷢĵĸо
һɫԴ֮֮УγһɫĴš
ǽɫĴ֮У߳һһɢſֲӢ䲻Ŀֲսʿ
Ӣսʿ
̩̹۹Ӣսʿ
Щ̩̹۹ǿսʿתΪӢսʿȻ£

ΧĴǿһ֮߳һֲսʿһһ
ϵʹš̩̹ϵӢţǷλǿš
ϵʹеʹͽ֮󣬾ı仯Ϊһûǰ䡢ηʹսʿ̩̹۹Ӣ̩̹۹ǿǿ걻֮ڣµҹѵսݶγɵǿսʿ
Ըۣ̩̹۹ӢսʿʵԶԶǿʹšʹŵȴԶԶӢš
ʹӢ֮ν֣ʤʴԼҡΪµʹս֮˹µսʹ֮÷˹ʹʹսֲޱȡ̩̹۹ֻ֮ս֮׸µսʥ顢ǿ֮񱴼µʥ顢ǿĴĸάµĴʥ֮⡣
ϵϵϵҲֻܹϵ̩̹ϵ⡣
ϵ̩̹ϵϵ֮йϵ˫ݣ𡣶һϵڰϵϵϵϵϵһԳ⣬λûϵڵء
ķɨһԨħɵĶħӵЩĶħӦӦǽȥ
ûǴɫս׵¶һЦݣЩԨħһۣЩħǽȥƬ򣬻ﱻֱӽɱ
ʹһϳİ͹£òΪʹĴ֮£һ¶סһֻԨħӵĺ·
Ӣ֮߳ʮӵа񼶿ֲϢӢսʿҲһòӢֳ࣬һֻ޴ǹӢ֮£Ԩħӵĺ󷽣ͬһ㿴һֻԨħ֮еԨħ
ʹµ֮һĨĲпʹ櫣Щħǰ壡Ҹ5ʱ䣬5֮󣬲
һͷԨħоĶħ˫֮ŽƻĹâ鲻淲񣡣֮䶨µԼЩʹȻҽٷ䣡ѵƻԼܵ𣡣
ЩԨħ֮ԼŻᱩ¶Լݽٷλ档Ǹ׳ǰ
ķϻ̫ˣ
ʹ֮һĨп֮ɫһռ䲨ӿ˲ԭʧʮֹĳͷԨħоĶħеĹ֮ìһͱͷԨħоλá


436 Ԩħ
޾ĹâһӿǶħ֮ڣʱޱȵĲҽ֮֮һ¹һһС
һ̣޾ĹâͷħͷħӲһȫ
ǶħԵһͷԨħо־ŭȻһצ˰櫵ڡ
櫵һ˲֮ȫɢ
һĿȥ֮䰲Ѿվԭλã·ûжһ㡣
һɿֲĸо˲ЩԨħ֮С
ЩԨħǴʿϵǿڣÿһͷԨħѾӵǻۣͬǻһӵη塣
ʹܹһɱһͷԨħоս֮ǿԶ˵κһͷԨħо󣬻дʹڣսЩԨħûκλᡣ
һͷԨħоɵĿ˰һ۳֪ˣͽƬ򣡡
ʵ֪ĸӣЩԨħǸηǿޱȵʹš
һͷͷԨħĴųڿն𣬻һǱĸսȺռݵĺȥ
ɽҿԣҪӴ··ƣ׼λᾧһƽϿһ߸ƽϿûǮ͹ǽΪˣֱ𣡡
ǳԵһƬ֮
һͷԨħоʿûκζ⣡ͨƬϿΪǿ͸һͷħūҽյ֪ʶͳͳ׸
֪ʶԴʿഩԽλѰҵĶ֮λʿΪ֪ʶԸƻħס
ΧһֻֻĸսȺսڿ֮УâһĹͬһ֮еĶħǺȥ
һ֮䣬֮еĶħòɸӡЩħӲЩĸսȺڻǰȴǲһ
һͷһͷƵĴħ֮һ׹䵽˺֮С
˺ͬһͷͷ˶ɵľһȥЩ亣֮еĴħֱ˺Ƭ
ա֮ûκһǰȫĵطȫָĹ֡
ЩħԨħʩչЩĺʱʱһͷħǸֱֹУ˺Ƭ
ǿ
ÿµĸս
Щսƻֻ¿飡

ЩΧ۵Ĵǿǿ֮дħһͷͷı飬бһëȻĸоǴ󲿷˵ʶԶԶȲЩħ֮оִͨ淨ҲࡣЩͨĴħ򱬣ԨħҲ˺ۣǱЩڻûмܹ֧̫á
櫡ԼֳǹӢ֮ĹҲһĨ֮ɫǶǾþսսǿߡǺܿжϳһֻֻĸӵв
һܼܿռĵĴӺ֮зɳһռŲһ֮С
һͷԨħо뷢ȻɫȻ䣬ϵĿռ䲨ֻһȫ

ͷԨħоһ·һޱȵĲҽ֮һ˲֮ϣֱӺ顣
ͶˣͶΰʿͶˣһɣһͷͷԨħоɫĺе
һǲͷԨħо֮кȥ
һ̣貵Ĺһ˲дļͷԨħоϣһ˲ͽǲдļͷԨħоͳͳݻ٣ֻʣͷͷԨħ
˼ǿ˺ߴԶ˲һ³ͷͷԨħߣޱȵĵһ¼ܵͷԨħϣȫסжһͷԨħʲô춯ͻᱻֱն顣
Ȼô򵥾ͱȫɵˣ
⣬ЩԨħôôױɵ֮УвԨħо

ΧĴǿǼһĻ˶ĿɿڴԼ۾ЩԨħоÿһӵƥаǿߵĿֲһֻԨħȫԴݻٷλСҡǿԨħȻ׾ٵĨȥȻޱȡ
櫡ֳǹ̩̹۹Ӣ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ
ǰ˼ǿ˺߼ͷħһ·ɵ˺ڸս֮ϣǰ
ͷħһ棬˵ϣ޽ڲ٣һĵˣΰˣҵġ
ǽޱȵĸλҲʿĽ£Ϊʿ߹ԨħҲͬΪʿ߹
ʿʳħʳʱħܵʿʹڶʿʳʱǽ֮ץħнʺо
ɨһۣĬģһööɫʳָ֮и֣γһɫ
˼ʳָ֮ϵɫγɵʱɫʧħ
ħǵʿʳħʳһַרʹֶħһħס꣬ôͷԨħ޷ѡҲ޷Υʩߵ
Ҳǵһμ⴫˵֮еķ

鹾һתʩչħӡҵ֮ϡ
һָ˵ü֮ϣһɫֱû˵ü֮ڡ
ʮֹƾһɫûü֮ڣʵʵķֿǺɫһ²֮ϡ
ӻ֣䵭վһȥ
һ¹ޱȵվһԣһηĿ棺ǣˣ
շͷԨħĿȫϢͶӰ֮ϡ
ħ㲻ʲôʹšʥŲֲĵˡ˵۹۹ǿʱܺϵʹߡϵս顣
ʹϵսšսǾϵսţӵʵϿʹս˿ѷɫʹǵԶԶȲʹˡʹս֮֮УҲֻǿܹʹŵʹ⡣
ˣʹߡս֮սʵҲԲСλ泱ϫЩ֮ս޷ȫʵҲҡڵɳӷסƽϿڡ
Ը׼λᾧҽȥΰĺȻʵ۱£
һںڰ֮Уһ㶷񣬿ĿǿһǺĸսȺıԵһſ¶һöָ
һǿ˺ߴӹһöָ֮˲Ϣ֮䣬ɻ˺ڸս֮ϡ
㣬ɣ
ãһǿ˺ߴɵǿߵ
һڰ֮еǿһΣֱǿ˺ϣǿ˺ֱӷɵ˺ڸս֮ϡ


437 ֽ
һĿ⼯Ƕ˵ϳ˸֮ɫ˭֪˱һһ֧֡˾пһ飬һĻ
Ƭ֮Уصһ޴ڣֻʣˣ˭ǰƽϿͿᾧɣ
һɫǿȡһöָᾧҪȥ
һǿ˺ߴ֤һöָʵ֮һɫǿ߷ɵ˺ڸս֮ϡ
ڣֻʣˣ
һķԸУɫʲ䣬ɢŨŮζĴŮЦȡһöָݸһǿ˺ߣᾧҲƽƽԭ
ʵ֮һǿ˺߾ϷŮźڸսȥ
ڣֻʣĸˣ
ΧĴ漶ǿŴһֻֻĸӣһĿ˸Ĭ
ᾧܹһöǻ۽ƻȻǴ׬׬ǽᾧҲδܹһöǻ۽ƻЩǿ߱ŵǿһ͸Խ˳֮С
ᾧɲһСĿȺ֮У񼶵ħʱŻ¼öᾧṇ̀ͽһܹܵᾧҲһǧöҡ
ᾧͬһ޴żǰƽƽԭȡǻ۽ƻǿ档
һֻֻĸӿһ۵¡֣һݻЩô
¡Ǹ̩̹۹ʮļ̳̩̹֮ǿӢۡ
Ǹնɱ˰ϹаնɱѪо̩̹۹ĴӢۣ˵ǰһƥеľǿߣ

һ¡֣ЩһԼʶĴ漶ǿǱһʷ֮кպĴһŰ¡һĨ֮ɫ
¡̩̹۹ǷλԴ֮սǿʮӢ֮һǰɱ񼶵Ŀֲħ֣˵֮ʵ顣һǿޱȵӢ۴֮гȻ𺳲ѡ
̩̹۹Ӣ̩̹۹ǿߵתɣÿһӢ鶼̩̹۹ľšЩתΪӢ֮֮вϵսǵʵ䶼ڲϵĽš
¡ǰѾӵƥе겻սս޿ɹ
¡΢΢һЦתŲ櫿ȥ櫹£Ըһ֣ͬǸλʿ𣿡
Ȼ𾴵İ¡ǺԸһ֣ͬǸʿ
䵭òһЦֳһ
һӰȻ֣֮б޾ĺˮ֣硢ꡢ硢磬ָ֮֡
һɺޱߣ޾·ܹһСһеĿֲϢӰ֮ӿ
һͷͷͬͷ­ϳɫֳһɫꪵĺ֮ӿ
Ǻ֮׹ʹøǿɵĿֲ֮šں֮кǿ֮ţʹšӢҲǵĶ֡
¡·˽Ӻ;齢ɨһ۳ϵܽһͬλʿս뿪
櫡櫵ĿҲ뾫Ͻ֮ϵһʨǿԼһޱȵľǿϣ֮ж˱Լɭޱȵɱ
ʹšӢš֣֮ȫѹ뾫Ͻӡ
һ֣ɵǸʿɣһЦȡһ޹֮һס
޹һųޱȵ⣬һӰȻ֣սһ׺ɫս׵ʹ߱鲼֮С
һͷһͷźɫս׵ʹߴ޹֮һķɳÿһ˫۳죬ͬһĿֲϢ·һͷͷ˶ɵľһ㡣
ܽüͷ΢΢һһӣһƬȻϢҶ
һƬȻϢҶâʢһӰȻ֣֮ڣ鲼ɭ֣һűҶףɷȴɢһɱ뺷Ϣս洩
ЩսǾһǿ֮֮뾫ľַ˼ֶɵսǵĵսʵҲʹŲֻǵȴԶԶȲʹš
Ǿ֮ţ
սĽ𣿡

ǳưԷλϵ֮ųƬ֮УЩ漶ǿߵĿ⼯֮֮ϣ𺧡
Ȼλ泱ϫԭ֮֮еǿʵûг֣ɾһֵѾƽһЩ͵λ档
λڷλ棬ڵkͬҲɳ֮ţ͵λ̣ո֮ѽٷλ֮λ棬֮žǵkλǿ¡Щ֮ÿһǾսľǿߣǵս֮ǿ֪
ݻǣɱǸʿ
¡˫֮һĨâһХ΢΢һΣһ´ӰͬһһĸȺӶȥ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
¡֮еǹҫ;֮ϵǿ˺ͳͳ飬ըѿ
ǰ֮У·ʢһޱȵĻ䡣
¡һЩӢսӢӢ׷׸źĸӳȥ
ЩӢӢʦħʦе³ʿʥֵ̿͡ȸְָҵ
ЩӢǶӵа񼶵Ŀֲսս֮Уǲ似ﵽһ۷켫ĵزһ֮սĬʮֲֻֿӢ鲿ڰ¡Ĵ֮£Բɱ»ʿĿֲڡ
ӢӢͬһѸٵɱһֻĸ֮ڡһЩһӢһ𽢡Ѳ׷ըѿ
ҲӴޱȵʹŴһ˽ȥһĸȺȥ
ʹžͨƷϵ෨֮зʮ
ڰ櫵Ĵ֮£Щʹһֹˣ£ɸǿʹΪܶǰ棬ͬʱϵʩչ෨Щʹơ
Ϊǰİ櫸ǿþˣ֮һܼǿ˺ֱըѿ±
ǿޱȵĹʹŽʮֻʹƬǹʹžֱ˵һֻĸ֮ϡ
âҫһֻֻìǺĸ֮У̴ǺĸӵķֻĸӲϵըѿ
ʹͬһͷͷײޱȵһ㣬ڻ𣬳һֻĸ֮ڣĴݻһֻĸӡ
Щսʩչ˼ļһ̵Ĺâû֮УЩսһһ䡣


438 ˹ͶӰ
һͷͷһû֮Уֳɫꪣˮ֮Ǵ֮к֣ͬһһ³ǺɱȺ֮С
ɱͬһͷͷʳһ㣬γһһеȺЩֱȥ
һͷֳɫǰһ̣һˮ֮ӿһޱȵˮ֮Ȼ֣Щɱһ
ƬƬĺɱ߱ǿޱȵˮ֮棬ˮֲ̺֮ˮСЩֲˮһʣЩɱһʵ֧顣
Щͬһ⵶һ㣬ֱӴǺɱȺ֮У˺ѳһ޴Ŀӡ
ŮǴźĴ˾ǲʩչּӳַûЩϲǿЩʵ
֮Ŵһɱ֧ĺһĸȺ֮Уը֮ڶһսһһըѿ˺С
֮УһսҲڲϵıըź֮׹䡣
Ǻڸս֮ϣٵüͷ壬֮һĨ֮ɫ
櫵Ŀ΢΢һƣϡ
Ǻڸս֮ϵǿĿҲĹâ
ɨȫϢͶӰһۣһЦȤ֮ţȻǿ󣡿ϧϻ̫һ㣡
һɲ֮䣬ʮĸսȺһ±Ѹٵս߮ȥ
Ī˹۹ӡ̩̹۹ӡ˵۹ӡ۹Ĵ󽢶ӷĺȥ
䣡䣡䣡
ǿֲĹ֮УһһĪ˹۹սһŻ򣬳˴֮С
̩̹۹֮еķǴսҲڻ֮лһŻ򣬳˺ײ
˵۹ӵ쿨ɫһ䣬Ĭģȡһ޴ɫ޶һס
һɫľ޶ӭǣγһߴ׵ĿֲƵǰػס˵۹ս
۹ܽĬģֳһɫȨǰһָһ貵Ȼӿγһ޴Ĺ󺣣ˮγһֲľǵǰ
ĳڡͬһĺ޴ɫ޶֮ϣǾ޴ɫ޶֧ܽ˲ʮ֮¶һ޴ѷ졣
»ʿǿֳرҲվ׮һӲڡڵĺ
ɫľ޶˵۹֮һķҲֵܵǼ޾Ŀֲڻ
ɫĺеӣԷɢߣ
ս֮˵۹Ĵһͬһս֮ѡ
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һ죬һɫľ޶һ±ըķѣǿֲޱȵĹһ˵۹콢ķѣŴ󺣳ûȥ
һܼܷٶȸߴʮյǿ˺߼˲Ϣ֮䣬ʹƲ֮зɳͬոһЩ˵۹Ĵǿֱȥ
һĿ࣬һǶӥӣ뺷崫ǿֳ䵶ؿ֮ŵһö쫷ͷһ쫷磬ţշС
ͷǿ˺ߴеĳƵ𵴵崫ǿնȥ
崫ǿɫ䣬ڰ֮У΢΢һŤӲĻӶеսûӰͷǿ˺նȥ
һӰڰ֮е崫ǿķѣյ䡣
ǿ˺һˣһʨĴǿڰֱ֮ӻ飬ء
һڰ֮е崫ǿֻҪǿ˺һˣͻ飬ء
Щ崫ǿ߲óսǶֻбǿ֮зСЩǿ˺սٶ͵սˣսֲޱȣҺηڿһһЩĴǿ߶δǵĶ֣Щǿ˺߻϶ܡ˼Χһ崫ǿߣһͱֱӸɵ
Ӷһ޴ͷǿ˺ߴݻ֮󣬱㿴һ˵۹Ĵǿͬһ㣬䣬˲ѣһޱȵ֮ס֣
ȻЩǿ˺ȻеĽһ崫ǿֱնɱһƬƬѪ֮ɢ¡
ܿ죬֮Уֻʣ¿ԼһĿ࣬òӢӵϢһͷɫ̷ʨǿߡһĿ࣬ɢһɰü֮һƵĻǿߡ
ʨǿ߾ʨһǿ֮һµŵǻǿ߾ǻһǿ֮һŶǱ谮ߣ϶ӵϵףʵԶͬǿߣԿǿʿǿڡ
µŵȻֻӵд漶ΪսȴΪֲһɫսףսױӵһ˫ħɵ˫֮ɵת۷衣ֳһ󽣣֮һܼǿ˺ֱӱն顣
ͬһƵĽɫսףֳһ󵶣ʩչŰԵޱȵĵһͷһͷǿ˺ն顣
֮Ĵǿ߶ɱ֮Щǿ˺Ƕʱſֱȥ
ȻսȰǿߣȻѹȺˣһֲǿֵס˷ǿ˺ߵΧ
ڿ˼һ֮ʱǿ˺ߺȻɢ
ǴԶʮֻĸȺսڿڹâһſ˷ȥ
ˣ
һĨͺڣ֪Ľ֣Բ淢
ǹɵһ˲䣬µŵü֮һ¸ֳһޱȵķġ
һɺޱȵӰµŵ֮ӿ֮УγһɢſֲѹŽɫ˫ǿӰ
Žɫ˫һʨǿüͷ΢΢һ壬΢΢һֱŤ˷ȥ˿޷˺ʨǿ߷ֺ
һǿߵӰ˫֮г˼һ¹˵ϣΰ񰢿˹
һѱİҲɫ΢䣬һ¹˵ϣΰ񰢿˹
ʨ񰢿˹Ҳ񰢿˹˵۹֮Ψһһǿ飬Ҳϵ֮Ψһ
񰢿˹
ǿ鰢˹
ϵkȻҲԳˣ

һΧŵĴǿһһԼ۾ǿ飬ǿǱ溣ʿҪǿֲĴڡڲ֮λҲǴ֮еĴλĿֲڡĴﾹȻ˶Ϊ֮𺧡
˹ͶӰĮƳһ΢ʿſͨͶҿԿˡ㽫µ֮Уʹࡣ


439 
ΰ񰢿˹ˣ磬һη֣һͶӰ٣Ҫңȫûܣ
Ƭ֮Уһ´Ե
һĸսȺսâҫͬһ񰢿˹ڵķȥ
񰢿˹һһk۷ǣŤ䵽һߡ
»ʿܹ÷Ĺ񰢿˹ֱŤչֳ˵k۷켫Ŀֲսɺսʶ
һ»ʿǿߣǰ۷񰢿˹ͶӰδصеù
񰢿˹ǿǿߣkܹһ溣ʿ
սħڳǶ֮ĵ̣񰢿˹Ķ֡kһǿĴڡ
ȫϢͶӰ֮п񰢿˹ͶӰսɣ̲ס̾񰢿˹Ȼǿޱȣ
޷ʹÿռǸֹжռʱ򡣾»ʿվ׮УҲᱻķѡʿ޷ʱվ׮ֵǸֹĺ
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һƬ֮߮ŵĺĸӲϵƶƬսȥ
ͬһǾ齢Ӻȥ
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һޱȵĹâҫһһͷɫİ͹£ɫҶףͷϴһƶɻŮȻһǿޱȵӵk֮
һŮһ֣һ㣬·ɭȻ֣γһƬޱȵɭ֣Ƭ
ĹƬɭ֮УϵĴݻŸľЩľһѸٵ·޾һ㡣
ΰɭŮޱ
ЩǿһɢϢŮȫ˵ϣ
ɭŮޱһ飬Ǿ֮ҲǺպǿߡ
ޱ޾Ĺü΢΢һ壬֮һĨС
ǳľɭ֮еľݻٵٶԶԶٶȣȥ಻ӣһƬɭͻᱻֱӴݻ١
ޱϾֻһ飬ͬ޷񰢿˹Ტۡkڴ˵صıϾֻһԶð۷ͶӰ
Ȼ¶һ˿Ц⵭Ȥ6070źĸӹɭŮޱ
Ǵ֮УոʻսʮֻĸսâһɭŮޱȥ
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ЩʵǿޱȵսҲ׷̤նУʮѸٵĻصŮޱߡ
޾ĺ֮дҲ뾫ΪУ뿪˵ء
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Ī˹۹ǿǷ׷ǹڸķڵս֮ϷӶȥ

һҫһֳħӵһŮһۣͻŮԱס㿡׵Ĵ漶Ĺ꣬һ·һޱȵĲҽ֮
һâȻü֮ҫ֮Уγһ״ɫƤ£һͷҫ۽𷢣İ͹£޾ף¶ɢһɷɧϢľɫˡ
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֮⣬߰漶ǿڰգͱĹ飬˺С
ķɫ԰ֳһֻȨȣſһ޾İɫ磬弶ڡ
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ÿʱÿ̶дʹһʵȰʥֱӱƬ
ǳǧǿ˺ǹ֮ͬһγһսȺĵʥԼʹǰʥšʹźݺײȥ


440 
ǿ˺γɵĿֲսȺһֳ˿ֲ
۰櫡¡ǿնɱǿ˺ߵȻ١Щǿ˺ߺηӲһܽһǵײȥȻƴȫݻһһܵǿ˺ߣȻԴ
ָĹʹšӢŵ˷ȥ
һʹϵĻֱһ䣬΢΢һֱӱâ֮ϣһըѿ飬ء
һӢ̿βϵŤޱȵĹ켣ܹһһĹֻǹ̫ܼһ֮ʱһֱӺ֮ϣֱӺ顣
Ѫ֮вϵ䡣
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ЩеĺǿȻܹ֮սز
ȻЩеʹŵս5:1Ӣŵսߴ40:1ǺǿȻܹ֮ſĴڣǿ£

ЩվںĸսȺ䷶Χ֮ĴǿԶԶսг𺧡
Щ֮ǿսʿרѹˡֳλǿš
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һŤĹâȻ˹֮⣬ڻγɵĹһ䵽ŤĹ֮ϣһһɿΧȥ
˹
ǹ

ЩһߵĴǿһ˹һһг֮ɫ
˹Ƿλ֮еǿߣʵɲ⡣֮սУһһ֮£ûκһܹk̩̹ϵǿս֮׸ҲڵkСϵ񰢿˹һһʱҲͬڵkС
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˹ǿ۷Ŀֲڣ溣ʿǵkĶ֡ʿľߣڷλ֮УҲδǵkĶ֡Ŀֲǿߣֻð۷Ҳǿÿ¡
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ǰɫĺ֮£һеܱķ˲ЩеܱҲǱĹֱ֮
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Щ漶ǿǼһĻһ˷ܣ֮ж֮ɫ
ǹ˹ҪķѴܹµĹԴӹ˹Ϊϵ֮˿ɵڰ鶼ڵk֮£˲仯ɻҡ澹ȻסãȻ˶ޱȡ


441 ֲĹͶӰ
˹üͷ΢΢һ壬һᣬûзڶá
ÿڷλ֮гȼ֮⣬κεط֡ҪķѵҲһҪķϵᾧûλ泱ϫ˹úķκֻҪ٣һָܹ档
˹˹һǺڸսڵķȥ
ָĹŹ˹ȥkߵһŤâֱӹŤ䵽һߡkӲͨ۷ãЩͳͳжһߡ
Ҳֻй˹񰢿˹սһӵײǿӵ˿ֲսɡ
»ʿʿ֮УҲûмܹ԰۷ǳڡڵĹжһߡ
Щ̩̹۹ĽɨһۣкȻӹһֵͷҪǼ̩̹۹Ľӣ᲻Ὣս֮׸k
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˹ָһţһӵk֮зͬӵһЩǿ˺ߵϡ
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纣ǹ˹ǻе֮Уâ֮зɳաء
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ЩһԴǿǼһĻ׷׵һ
ƬĸӵЩǿҲѾʶˡǾӵа۷ɭŮͶӰҲֲ֧˶ñѡ뿪˵ءǹ˹ͬʹð۷ǵkѾ˳ʮǿ˺ߣֻĸӶȴǺδ
˹Ȼͣס˽Ų˫֮ųϵĽɫâĮȻ֮λˣҺ㡣Ը⳼ңΪЧҿһ㱣ЩеܡͬʱԴһöΪһ飡
񣡣
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ЩΧ۵ĴǿжһĨĽ֮ɫЩǿ߱һǿޱȵĴڣڵʵħԸҲλ֮гΪһ顣ֻҪӦ˹ܹΪһ飬ЩΧ۵ĴǿһĶѡ
ΰĹ˹ȰˡֻԼΪһ顣ҳʵǿޱȣһٴ˵أӦÿԽһɱǣֻһͶӰٴ˵أܹӳǧ֮һҪɱңҲû
Ǻ֮ϣһ´侲ķ
Ŀռڸطصʩչֿռŷù˹޷ͨռ䷨˲ǰ
ǹ˹٣ʱֻӵа۷弶kҲȻԽ޾ӳֲޱȵսɱ棬Ҳǲܡ
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˹һΣ֮תһ»һޱȵĹâԽ޾ľ룬˲û˴֮УǺڸս֮ǰ
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£أ
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عӦһ˵һߣǣ£
˹˫֮һĨɫĹâǰ̤һһֱָӵȥ
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̫ͬâ֮£ΧĿռȫ֮䣬·ֻʣһָֻ

ͷ񼶵Ԩħ˫ֻǿһֱָֻըѿһޱȵĲҽС
һָ̺˹İǹ˹ͶӰȫ·ݻγһ̫ѹ޿ɱܡ
һָ»ʿǿ߱УҲ䣬
һɾľ֮и֣·ǾһָҲӦȥ
ȻܹӰҵľ̫ˣǱ溣ʿҪǿǿ飡
ǹǷľһɲǣһתһָ˹˫֮ӿֳ޾Ķ־ʶ֮еǸλ֮зĳȡһ˿һ˿֮һŭͬһͷħһ㣬ʩչ粻֮мصȭһȭһ̫ȥ
һɻ磬·ոտٵϢȻһƬռ֮ڶһֻ·̺޾ȭͷ֮ŷ·ٵһѹһȭһ̫֮ϡ
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һ׵Ŀ֮УǻѪͬһѪһҡҡλεĴǴ֮˳ǹ˹¶һޱȵЦݡ


442 ׷װ
˹һͶӰޱ飬ֱӱԭʧ
ͶӰϾޣǹ˹Ļ٣ٲһܹɱͶӰֻܹش棬ͶӰ뻯֮ľ޴ࡣ
һޱȵĿһ¼ϣĳ˿͵Ŀ֮жŹޱȵĹâһ˿˿ɱһš
˹ͶӰȫһָ΢飬඼ᱻһشɱ治漶ǿߣȻֵܹס˹һֱ˷˼Ҫǻ۽ƻǿߵĴУȻɱ
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˹ͶӰһ΢΢ɫ䣬ϵ
ϣʹһתӲĴǿ˺ߺɱһѪ·Ǳӡ
Щǿ˺Ҳû׷櫵ʹţֱһΧΧס˰¡ӢŷĹ
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Ӣ֮еӢÿɱһΣͻᱻһ֡ɱĴ࣬Ǿͻᱻȫĥ𣬾֮Ҳ޷
λ֮֮ų˱Ķ񶾷ͬعȻ֮ٴ
ÿһЩ֮ǿǵǿȶᱻһ֣һ࣬Ǿͻȫʧ
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ǰ¡֮һǹ仯ǹӰ֮ǿ˺ͳͳ飬ûһͷǿ˺ߵסһ
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Ůͳ˧ĺҲŮͳ˧ĺɱһǺ֮Уڹʬ岻ϵĸˮ档
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Щǿ߱ħӰһ˳Ȼ޾սΧ֮£һһ顣
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һηųսˣӲĽǿ߶ǻƽ֮⣬սֱ졣
λǻ۽ƻ˵˴ʿʳµʱ򣬻עʿ֮⡣ʱǻ۽ƻȥʮĪ⡣һΣǻ۽ƻעֻ⼸˵С
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ӰУһЩ黹ҪѲࡣΪkթޱȣеܵkףɱkѡ
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ǰڳĵطӰӴֻǾԼ̷ǿޱȣһɱӰС
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ĺ˿Ů˿֮ϣ̺źڰ˿ܶʱϵı顣
˿ŮȻе飬ԴʿܹǳԼںɱѾΪ졣
˿Ů΢΢ɫ䣬ȵУסɱǸСӣֻɱǲһϣִƽƽԭ
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ͷħ˿ŮһkǳСսڻ֮бķѣƬ˺С
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һɺޱߵħӿڤڤ֮Уһ֪ʲôطɢŻĹšϢֻţһħǣһֻ۾ѾڳֻħǱ۶˰صĹħӰǽһֻħۣĮޱȵ濴ȥ
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ħ֮еĸҲǿ֮ĿֲڣȻ֮ɱȻһлε֮䡣
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˿ǹħȭ䱬壬ɫ䣬еεǻ۽ƻҿԷ뿪˵أ뿪ҿǺڰϵĻŮڰɭŮŮһ꣡
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һĨâһǻȭ֮䣬·ֻʣһȭͷͬһһѹ˿ȥ

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Ѽ˿Ǻڰǿ֮£γһ޴ޱȵ˿֮˿ǰ
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˿ǻ䣬ĵ棬֮гԹޱȵĹâ΢΢һΣֱըѿķѡ
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ǿĳһ̶ȵʱ򣬶Լڣ۳־ˡʿҲ⡣
ʿӴʿ׵ǿʿʱǾ֮֮е֮Ҳʿꡢģ͵־γһö֮ˡʿ֮Ҳľû̫
ץһöħ֮ɨһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣺һö»ʿ۷ħ֮ˣһöħ֮ˣҾͿԱΪһ»ʿĹħߺķĲϣһ»ʿսˡ
ֽħ֮˷ŵһߣץ˿üͷ΢΢һ壬ͷ
컯汾ڷ֮ߡ
΢һеǿΰ
ǻǿԷһЩϵ֮УǷֱռݲְͬ鶼һ鲻ͬĻ
˿߻ΪkһöսǿֻǵkҲû뵽k߻ᱻֱնɱ
ץһöݱòʹһö񣬾൱Ҫڰ˿ڰͽĿȨkɲݵĹϵ
ڰһ˿ĽᣬҲǵkĸȾָһöҲڰйء
ÿһöһһ֮ԼⷨγɵĴڡضȺγɵҲֻܹضȺ֮Ļ
һҪö񣬾ͱ˿ڰͽ˫ͻɲݵĹϵ
֮⣬ӵǰ˵ӡǣöвͻᱻ˿Ůƣ˿ŮĿܡ
£ҷһ
Ȼ֮䣬Ǻһº˷ڣǶһ۵ĸ˿ǱޱȵļԦź˳ǰ
ڸ˿·ĺɱһͷƤ顣
һ㣬һָεķʦ֮һץ˿Ǻ֮ץĶһߣȻһԾźȥ
һܺɱ߶ʱε·Ϊ̤塣
һܺɱһΣѸٵǻƽƽԭڵķȥ
ǽ֮ϸ˿֮ŮֻܹӿЦ潫ֻͣڴ˵أͰ˲κλǰƽƽԭһ뵽ӰӶһȭǿб㲻
洩Ƭƽ̤˻ƽƽԭ
ǻƽƽԭ浽һƽɫĹâ֮£Եʥ
һΣѸٵһǻ۽ƻڵķȥܿƻ֮ǰֽŲãѸٵǻ۽ƻĶ
ǻ۽ƻĶһöȭͷСɢŽɫâĽƻ
濴һöƻ֮ɫһ½öǻ۽ƻժЩȲһҧȥ
һɸ֭Һǻ۽ƻ֮ĿС
һ˲䣬·һ㣬ȥ֮еѣ˲ӭж⡣ȥɬ֪ʶжüˡ
һΪɱ¾޷͸ںȵ滯˫֮âһɱ¾̺֮ɱ¾׾ٵȫ͸
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ȻһؾĻȣҪʿͱķǧϵʱ;챦ֲԼ㡣
ץе֮ɨһۣ΢΢һһɿޱȵĻ˲֮ǰȥ
濴ǻһĨ˷ܵЦݣǻ۽ƻȻ
֮ǰûв淨ֻǸӦ̺֮֮ŵĻ淨򣬱ֱ˻淨İǻ۽ƻĿֲ֮
һͨͨ˻ǻ۽ƻҲܹһ죬һԳԶǿߵľš
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ǻ۽ƻһۣ΢΢һЦתԼĽȥ
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һص棬ϴ΢Цӭ
˿֮һĨ֮ɫϼһ˿Цݵϲ£ǻ۽ƻ
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ӳǻ۽ƻһѾ׼飬λѾ˿Ĵȫͬ
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˿֮ҲһĨڴ֮ɫ档
նľ׽УЩҶһƬҿǰƽƽԭժһЩݡ
ǻ۽ƻҶȻ汾ѾЧԸԼŮˡѡʹáֿıˡ
òҧԸΪЧǧΪǷԸһƬǻ۽ƻҶ
ʿһһԺ֮б˳Ŀ޾ףӢʵľŮһ۵ԣȷ𣿡


447 Ŀ
֮һĨ㣬նǵģѾˣ
һԪԶ࣬ǧʱѪľ˵Ҳ൱ʮʱ䡣
浭ãȥ֮ٸǩʿԼ
츳ұһ񿴹ˣԼǿʿѶȡֻҪϤΪ»ʿҲкܴİաһð֣ȻԸ
ӴĽѸٵĿǻƽƽԭ֮ϡ
櫡ٵȡԼЩǿ߷׷׵˻ƽƽԭ
櫵ȼ֮Ůǻ۽ƻ£ȴ޷ǻ۽ƻ֮ڣֻܹһ̾Ϣ۷ȥ
ǵǵÿ˲ժһٸƽݡƽȻĻصս֮ϡ
ǻƽƽԭʱ֮Ľƣÿ˶ƽƽԭ֮ϻΪһٵĻݡ
潫ЩժĻƽ𻨲ȫȻÿʮƽʾ
ʮƽ̺ԶԶ޷ǻ۽ƻҶᲢۣҲЩǿǸǱһأֻҪΪǿǶʮþȵ飬ǿʿҲһ˿ܡ
ĽӴǻƽ֮лʻʱһĿֻӴޱȵĽ֮ϡ
ˣ
ɶ񣡣
˭˭ǻ۽ƻ

Щǿ˺ɱħӰһΧŵĴǿǿֻӴĸӴӻƽ֮ʻһ˫۳죬ϵĲ²⵽˭ǻ۽ƻ
һЩѾ¶ǿޱȵĴҲڿһ֮һ̾һ˷ȥ
滷ֻĺĸӾѾʧ֮һָܹħֵʬˮϡ
֮֮޵ĸʽսҲʧʮ֮һ
һͷͷɱѸٵ˹Щɵǿ߱ˡѪ⾫ͳͳ׸档
ǻƽͻȻ֣ƵЩС̣ʵħĴһһЩǿ˺Ⱥɱõkвǿ˺ߵĵ£Ҳıаı͸ߴż֮࣬һˮԵʹڡ
һıȴһҲûС
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һеĽӴǻƽ֮뿪֮һƬƽʧͨƽƽԭĵ·Ҳʧ
ǿǿߺķܹٴδһͨƽƽԭĵ·

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ǻƽֻǻ۽ƻժ֮󣬲һǻ۽ƻ뿪ƽ֮Żʧ
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ʮ֮䣬һǿʿĿֲ˲ӰصĽ֮췢һ޴Х֮ͬһͷϹžƬòٴǿ𵴡
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ؾѾͻ˺Ѫ̤֮ѹšϹź±ҲҲ޷
˫ۣȵϥ£мл£ұ
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񣡣
ͻƳΪ˰񣡣
ɶǻ۽ƻҶõǻ۽ƻģһ

ЩΧ۵ĴǿǿŰͻƳΪ񼶵ǿߣһ˫۳죬˼ʺĽ֮ɫ
ӴΪҲһ޴Ĺؿڷλ֮УЩŵĴǿѾ׷ЩȥѵһĴǿߣħ֮Ѿ洦ɼǰ񼶵ǿȴȻʮϡ١
ڷλ֮Уǿã֮ȵ޷Ϊ񼶵ǿߡ
صõǻ۽ƻҶǰһ죬Ϊ񼶵ǿȻ˼ޱȡ
ǻ۽ƻҶҲǷλ֮Уܹ˲ֱ֮ͻƽΪǿߵ֮һ
濴ؽΪ񼶵ǿ֮һЦûǻ۽ƻѾҳԵˣ
Եˣ
ɶ񣡣ȻԵˣ
ɶ񣡣
̫ɶ񣡣

ЩΧһԵĴǿԣһʹѣĽʺޣȴ޿κΡǣڵõǻ۽ƻ֮ҲһʱֱӳԵУֻֻ֮Դ
һǿޱȵϢһħĿ·ᴩգϸȥ
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Ϊǻ۽ƻЩħǿ߻ԸⱾ٣Ļеһǻ۽ƻȻѾԵƬǾ̫ˡ
ٴǿҲ΢΢̾Ϣһתһ⣬ԶӶȥ뿪Ƿ֮ء
һЩǿȴĿĶ档
ǻ۽ƻ֮⣬ǻ۽ƻҶҲͬھһСһöǻ۽ƻҶͿһ۷ǿֱͻƳΪ񼶵ǿߣһ˿ϣԽΪ΢顣Ȼǻ۽ƻôǻ۽ƻҶҲһС
Ů櫵£ԸǧᾧһƬǻ۽ƻҶ
浭һЦǧᾧʮᾧһƬֻһƬ
Ů֮һĨŭɫʮᾧԲܣ£ǧᾧһƬѾʮгˣ


448 һ
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ʮᾧ֮⣬ҲЩϡı㿼ǺˣңȻҪֻƻҶҲЩҽ
浭һЦ˫ģһѲ֮һͶӰֱâֳ֮䣬в䶼ҪĺĲϡ
ǶƶҪѾȫɣǵڶƶҪؽҲѾʱ⡣
ѾʼռصĺĲϣһصĺĲϱռȫһɣԼμ
ΧĴǿһĿⶼͶӰͶӰĸ֮ϣЩһһС
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ΰ
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һСʱ֮üĵһ֮УһöһöֱգһɿֲޱȵΪģ˷ɢȥ
˽Ϊ飡
˭˭Ϊ飡

һΪ飬λķΪ֮𵴡Ƿλ鶼һ˲˸ӦһĿⶼϡ
һڰֻ֣һյյҫ֮ڣһ峤ߴףϰһˣ°һֻª֩룬ɢŷɧ˵ġ崿ϢŮ񡣵kǺڰŮ˿Ҳͬ˿
˿ߣڰһĿŮʹøַȡŵk
Ȼɹˣɶ񣡣
˿˫һ˿˿ɫĹâ·ԽտȼֱӽΪһĻҧгݣŭޱȣ˫һģͬһkߵʮڰһĿŮֱĳ⽴
˿ŭǸǻ۽ƻӦҵģɶǸǻ۽ƻңҾϣʮ֮ڣΪǿĴڣɶ
ӵƾõԶͬǿߵսͬҲ㣬֮һǽʮѡ
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һģﻨ㣬ͬ˼ɾ֮ڣһ׵Ů˫۽棬֮¶˺֮ɫ𣿻ǻ۽ƻˣ
һָӸĿⶼϡ
һɺޱȵķ֮һϣֱϯһ⣬ֱӷɵǿ֮С
һɵǿ֮Уֹڷλλ淨ͬˮһԼӿ
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һӣֱӽǽ֮лǸλֱӷųָһλķֱûǸλ֮ڡ
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Ҳӷλõһͷǰλ֮ڡ
һʲôûеİλᾧ֮һ·ţһֱԲǧɽ͹𡢺ӿ֣һ̺ŷλ
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Ȼ֮󣬻Ҫ治ϵյķǸԽԽǿ


449 
ȻԼ
ˣЩᾧΪҪģ
һµļһ
Լ飬ҲδĶ֣

һĿ⼯֮ϣĿ֮ж𺧺Ľ֮ɫ
ϳҲǿֻӵ飬ܹͽꡣ֮ڣҲԴյĸַս
һ㹻ǿһ΢Խ󾳽翹һе顣
λ漫ΪѵãҪǰǽΣ֮Ѱңȫƾλ֮УҲ鲢ûԼ
ϵ̩̹ϵ֮ҲвûԼ֮ڡ֮ڣһƬ򣬽Լͽ
ڰϵ֮иֻ˿ӵԼڰ񣬶ס˿֮ڣ˿֮Լͽ
ڰ֮Уг֮ϵûԼԼͽ궼첻
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澹ȻܹһǶλѾԼƳɹֱ˼
һָһҫֱӰշλ淨ĵûʧһصĵط
ÿһλö˵Ҳһ޴ܡûбҪѰҲ֮ء
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һЩе鶼ЩոշӵС֣Ӷkǵ
ÿһƳɹԼ֮󣬶һλᣬշλ淨򣬽Լڷλããǿ֮еĳ֮ء
ɶ񣡣
ǽƻļһ

Щǿû֮󣬲鶼һ̾Ϣ
ͬһʱ䣬Ƿλǿ֮һ¶һǳɢޱȵĹâ
һΣһɫĹâûһǳ֮Уʧ
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һԼ֮ڣһԪ£̻˴ĴԪ֮зɳʼֹ֮Լס֮
һһöӰӵС
˿֮ŵһö񡣽ǱԶӰӵҪǿöࡣԼоһ˿ԼڻᷢһЩΪ飬ûн֮ȡ
潫һöӰӵԼüһһɫĹâҫӰӵûü֮УԼ۵񻺻ڻһ
ӰӰӵ֮ӿ˫֮ǻ۵Ĺâ׾ٵľͽӰӰɱһͳͳȻġ
ڻǻ۽ƻ֮ǰΪ飬ӵӴĽҲҪʮǶʮпӰ֮ڵķ򡣿ǻǻ۽ƻ֮֮ڼ֮䣬ȫһС
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ΰӰӣϵͽǵ
֮ǰһݿµӰ̴̣ЩĲġֻģҲ޷ŷһ˿ϵûľˣû裬ԭ㴫ħʦҲܹɱѾΪһûκγͨˡ
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Ӱ̴ɫ䣬ĵͷޱȵ
һ̣Ӱ̴̱оһ˿˿ʮϤӰʱϲ
ҼӶԸŷ

һӰ̵˫֮һḬ֮̃ɫ׷׹ڵϣ
ЩӰ̵Ĵ̡Ƕǿͽŷ黻һҲ⡣ֻҪܹǾԸŷһ顣
һ˿˿ӰЩӰ̵ǵ֮һϲ񣬸ϵʧȥʹ࣬Ǳøӵϡ
һĻλ治ϳ֡
ӰӱϾڷλ澭Ӫ˳֮ãڷλ֮Ҳӵ˲СĻҵͽǧΧ鲼λ档
ӰӵҲӰķ֮ͽʣµķ֮һӰӵңɱӰ׳ޡ
֮ڣӰӵ񣬺Ȼ¶һЦݣȤӰӻǲ򵥣ȻΪһλΨһ񣡣
Ӱǽʱʮ˵ķһŵλ档kȻ޷Ǹŵλ棬ȴֳһǸŵλ֮У꣬ŽǸŵλȫԼУǸŵλӰ̳ΪΨһĽ̻ᡣ
Ǹŵλ֮У˿ߴһǧ򣬱ȷλӰ̻Ҫ
ʵϣڷλǿ飬ǰǽ磬Ѱ͵λ棬ֳλ棬͵λԼ֮ء
ڷλ飬ֻܹڷλǽһǰλ棬ͻʵkǵĻԼkµ֮ȴûơ
΢΢һɨݻ

ְ֮ߡӰߡս񡣡
񣺰֮11Ӱ5ս11ܼȼ5΢
ͽǧʮǧİʮˡ
Ԥÿᾧһٶʮö
ȼ1
һϢѸٵֳ
ļ㷽ʽǵӣȡֵӰӵʱȼӦ1ӰӵҲֻ5ûͻ΢ޡ


450 »
ĵȼϵ֮С
15΢
610
1115е
1520ǿ
2025ΰ
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ȼҲĵȼϵ¡ȼ1ʵȼ5ͻ鼫ʵ
Ļ˫һתطʼ֮ᾧԼϡıһĸַ

սħڻɹסĶ֮ڡ
żսħطһؼϸϸж¶һ˿Ц⣺Ҹսħ֮ڼŵǿطˣ
սħطսħ֮ڼǿط֮һӵؾ硣ֱɫսħɫսħɫսħɫսħɫսħΡɫսħȫʩսɫսħսɫսħųսɫսħսɫսħʩ屶ս
սħ廹ֵжԷĹ񡢻Ĺ롣
սħطһǿޱȵطսħڵĸط֮һ
֮ǰܹսʤﰵΪǿʿ֮·ʶ֮ӵһλ֧ţԶԶǿﰵͬʤӵкɫսħﰵ
֮ǰһֻûսħڵطΪȫûʱЩطսħطһţһʿķѰʱҲոɫսħ塣ʱ粻嶼ͷǣ񷱶࣬ûʱȥսħڵط
ɨսħطһۣ׾پط֮мصĶӿ׾پ۳һɫսħ
ɫսħһ֣΢΢һһתΪɫսħ
̶һ֮ڣѾͨҪķѰʱܹɫսħ֮սħطֱ޳ɡ
֮ɫսħ΢΢һתΪ˽ɫսħ
޳ɽɫսħ֮ȻûӶ٣սȴǱǾųϡ

սħط֮ʱһ޴սħ
ڿʼѩ»䣡
֮ĿеؼƿĽɫսħֱӱ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʯѩսħ̫ϳ϶ľչ¶ֲʡʮֱ꣬ӽΪ»ʿȫڡսħҲ㷢ǿǰμδ䡣
΢΢һΣ֮ʧ
սħλ֮ϣһɫۣԼʮ꣬ɢһϢӡӾսħڵ¬޳ӵʿΪҲһ𿰱ħǿڡ
ǴսħڸԼһսħڵ洫ӣҲȻС
źɺ׿һܷ̫ϳϵ״ҲȻС
ͬʱǴԣ˾Ÿϯλ֮⣬ϯλ֮ϣŴ֮һպЩɳĴ
ǾŸڲͬϯλΪŴ衣
ǸĴһź;ηĿսħڵ洫ӿȥ
źɺһ̾ӵ»ʿʯʦûŲʮ꣬Ȼͽ׳Ϊ»ʿǾšȣ⼸궼׻ˡ
׿һһЦٺ٣ʦãҲԷƱʯʦȷʵ֮ϡֻҲûмܹʯʦᲢۡԼȥЩȣѰաǹȽϣ취Ϊ»ʿ
ܷҲȰ˵ûʯʦõ츳սħʷǿĴڡ޳»ʿҲûʲôϡ档ʿ˵Ҳʱˡʦ˵߳ɵİսΪʿпܽΪ溣ʿʦã㲻Ҫȡûκκô
źɺĿ⸴ӣȻһʵ棬ʯѩðɣ
̹Ȼûҵá
źɺЦҪСˡĪ޺ʦһǰԴӼʯѩʦõ֮󣬱һġ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ѱֵļ䣺Ī޺㣿
ûãڼĽҵ˵֡
Ī޺սħ̫ϳɵ״֮һλźɺ֮ϣӵ7µȵʣ»ʿѾʮꡣΪ˼ΪԵ֮ڣԵá
Ȼ֮䣬ȺһɧһĿǴ֮ȥ
һһذ׳ȹɣ徵Ů·һ߸ϣַµŮһ㣬̤˴֮ڡ
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Ǿսħڵʯѩսħʷ츳ǿţ
8ϵȵʣʣѷɫκһʿʵۣ
ǿ󣬶̶̲ʮ꣬ѾΪ»ʿֱ죡

һĿһ¼ʯѩϣЩԸǶ̲ס۷׷סЩߵǶʯѩ֮ҲһĨĽ֮ɫ
֮˿㣬֮У8ϵȵҲѵһ
ʯѩֻҪڳɳ֮;УֻóޱȵԴʿѶȣʿҲֻеѶȰˡѾעսħڵ̫ϳһǿڣȻܵ˵Ľ
һλĪ޺㣡
Ǹնɱ˰ħκɵĪ޺㣿
ûħκҲһ»ʿħҴ֮ʮɱ¾ش׷ɱ׸»ʿǿߡĪ޺ܹնɱͷħ治սħڵţ

һ֮ԴͬǿĪ޺㣬Ҳ¶һ˿η֮ɫ
»ʿǿѾħӵֶΡĪ޺սħڳ洫ӻܰħκ»ʿħʮҪκնɱȴʮѡĪ޺ܹκնɱȻʵԶԶͨ»ʿ
Ī޺һηĿ⣬Ŀʯѩϣ֮ɫһһģ
ʯѩ˿ûаĪ޺һ֮ڣĿ΢΢һƣϣ΢΢һ¶һޱȵЦݣ·ΪЦݶø
Ī޺΢΢һ㶣˳ʯѩĿ⿴ȥһ۾Ϳ棬ɫʱһ˫֮ɭޱȵĹâ
Ǵ֮ڣǸҲ˳ʯѩĿϡ


451 Ԫ
˭
ʯѩӵĸ磬һ̫ϳϵ״档
ʿΪʯѩǲ̫ˡ
ǵȻ֮Умܹȵʯѩӣ

Ǹɨһۣһж¶һ˿ź֮ɫ
ʿǿڶδ½ĸδ½֮УѾǳưһǿߡ֮ȴ㲻ʲôǴĽ棬ʿҲӵдʿΪ
ǿƵսħ棬ʿǿҲ洦ɼŵӶӵдʿΪ
Ī޺Ƴһۣ֮һĨмҲûж࿴һۡһʿȣ˫֮Ĳͷˣһ֮ϡ
ʯѩĿһۣǰ˽¬޳λ֮£ͬһ𽾰Ůһ㸩·ˡ
Ī޺ҲʯѩԱѰ˸λ£Ŀһֱʯѩϣ˿ûж࿴·һ۵˼
һ£ŮɵĵӴ˴֮ڡһɵĵɡ
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¬޳΢΢һЦʦã
ƺ΢΢һЦֱ
ƺ֮ûãǺڡšɡѩʮҲһʿĳϴǰףء
ʮ֮ڣʥħڡʬħһõǹŶħħаѪ塢Ӱšһǵھǿʬ壬ʬֽɷоšŵΪΪײй죬˱˴ʮų⡣
ʥħڡʬħ»΢Щƣûдģɱ˵ľٶҪʿֽʵ飬ҲȥūгʿūûгԽĵߡҲһǲΪЧûбֲ
ʥħڡʬħҲʮɵĴȻҲμսħڵ»䡣
һɣü֮Ŷ˷ĻŮһһ£ʳһٵӲУ̤˴֮ڡ
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Ҳ̫ڷεӣһ˴һ£񡢼˫ͬǳޱȣšֻǴڸоѾԶԶĪ޺֮ϡ
֮ڣԭۿʣĪ޺һһ̫ڵһ֣ͽĪ޺Ĺȫȥ
Ī޺һ̫ڵӣ˫֮һһĨ֮ɫ˫ȭգʮܡ
ǻŮʥ¬ʦ֣ϲһ»ʿ
΢΢һЦ̫Ѻ㣬¬ʦ֣ϲһ»ʿ
¬޳üͷ΢ɼһ壬һЦлλ
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ѺһЦһףʳ̫ڵһָ¬ʦ֣ǱʥԪսħڶսطһСӣЩ֪ߵغһҪսħڶսط¬ʦᣬսħڵλ洫Ӻúýѵһ٣֪һߵغ񣡡
һǴ֮һ䣬һĿʮֹѺ¬޳֮תȴû˸ҳۡ
ʮʥħڡʬħܵ˴ɵֵơ˴໥֮䣬ͬΪ棬໥֮䣬ݣ㲻ϡ
̫ʮ֮ףԶսħڡ˫֮ĹϵͬǢ˽ȴݡ
ѺĻȻϿûκʧ֮΢˼һ£ͿԸоѺ㻰֮صĶ⡣Ҫսħ»֮ϣսħڵӡ
һսħڣܹԪôһȥսħھͻ޴档
κʿҪһǿɣΪԼĺܡ򣬵ҲΪ˽սħڶѾ˼һսħڵôսħڵӰ콫Ϊ޴
ǰμ»ĸҲͬʵһʮĿʮֹ죬ۡ
սħȻʵϱȲ̫ڣͬǴʮ֮һֻҪɳʿǿߣܹٵһšǸȻۡ
¬޳üͷ΢΢һ壬˫֮жʱӿŭĶѺ㡣
ѺȴЦݣ¬޳š
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׿һҳս̫ʥӼվҫط˫ҲҪһ̫ʥӵı£Ƿ紫˵֮ǰǿ󡣡
¬޳üͷ΢΢һ壬һۣãȻˣ׿һúдһ£
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һȻȥףʵȴǬ˿ռ䷨ٳһֱߴʮľ
ַļӳ֮£˿ĿȴõķΣա
⼶ʿսŻὫǸݻ١
ԪһЦǰ̤һƮɣ׾ٵĲǴ󾺼֮ڡ
׿һ΢΢һΣҲǴ󾺼֮ڡ
һǴ󾺼׿һĬģһߴʮ׵ĺɫսħȻ֣һɫĹâûڣһ´һɫսס
Ԫ˫֣һȻһЦսħ壬ɫսħսħڵĸط֮һҴʧ
׿һüͷ΢΢һԪ㻹ʩչվҫط𣿡
վҫط̫ʮźط֮һһ۷֮ͿԻΪսڻ̫ѻսǶĳƺ̫ѻĳƺҲһſʿ֮Ŀֲط
Ը㣬Ҫõվҫط
Ԫ˫֣һĨ֮ɫüһҫһɿֲޱȵĻȻ׿һϯȥ
ǻһ˲ͽ׿һȫɣѻߡ෨۶ɵĻ澫ŷһеĿֲ׿һϯȥ
ͨǿʿǿ߱ǻһͻᱻֱճɷɻҡ
׿һɫ΢΢һ䣬һŭһսȻ巽Բ֮ڡս֯һĵǻķա


452 վҫط
ԪͷųĻޱȣҲֻһ֮ңѡɾܹλֱӽΪһ֮ķ
׿һȻͷųսȴǻѹס˷ǻ棬շŤƵԶвͻᱻǻֱճɻҽ
ÿֲĻ򣡣
ǿ£̫ڵʥӣ
̫ƣǿꡣһλܹΪ̫ڵʥӣʵȻǺǿġȴû뵽Ȼǿսħ̫ϳ״ֶ첻ĵزһ

ǸʿǼһĻɫ䣬Ԫг֮ɫ
սħڣһ洫ӵɫҲʮѿԪǿҲԶԶǵԤϡ
׿һźɺܷ̫ϳϵ״ӣҲĿǰսħǿʿ֮еǿߡ˶ǰ벽»ʿǿߣǧ֮ڶΪ»ʿǿߣȻԪѹƵüֹ첻Ԫ֮ǿֱš
źɺܷǿ߿Ǿ֮ױޱȵĻüͷ΢΢һ壬г˼ɵ
ѾΪ洫ӵﰵһĻҲ΢΢һ޽ӽĻһֻ¾ͻᱻ˲ɣճɷɻҡ
¬޳üͷҲ
Ѻȴ¶˳ޱȵЦݡ
Ԫû뵽㾹ȻܹұƵزȻмֱ£Ҫңûô򵥣
׿һһХָһһöɫرǬԪˮȻɳһɫĳӴϯһУĿֲܣԪϯȥ
ɫ֮ԪĻͳͳȫ˲
ررȷʵϧʹõˣʵ̫
ԪϯɫӣһЦܡ
ɫĳ˲佫Ԫֱɣʴֱʴûһɫ
׿һжʱһɲԤУ龯״ʢ
ɢڰ֮еĻ˲ۣ˲Ϣ֮γԪıһƺԪıһɿޱȵĻ֮˲û׿һڡ
׿һһΣͬһ㵹ɷɳڣֱһڴŻѪ˵ϣˣ޷ս
һöرǬԪˮҲΪʹֱӴӰ֮е˵ϡ
¬޳üͷ΢΢һ壬һץ㽫׿һǾ֮ץӴľһɨ裬׿һȻܵش֮ûˣ΢һһƿħҩֱӹ׿һĿС
һսħڵѸǰ׿һ뿪˵ء
Ԫתսħ洫ӿһۣһЦƵһλʧսħںųʮڶսطһеĵҵһɱ¶ֵסʧ֮˭һս
սħڵ洫һĿⶼźɺܷ˵ϡսħڣǿǿʿǿߣǶˡ
źɺܷ綼ɫ࣬˫ȭգĬǶ˵ʵ׿һ·𣬶ԪҲֻȡ衣
ԪһЦĿһ¼ʯѩϣսҲգȻսħǿʿ洫ӲһսôҾ͸һĻˣʯѩʦãһսȫ
һߣһеüͷһ˫֮һĨ⡣
ԪȻսǵ죡һ»ʿ
»ʿΣ׿һҲһ»ʿǿߡǱԪ׻ܡʯѩȻڶ̶ʮ֮ھѾΪ»ʿǸδι̣δԪĶ֡

һޱȵĲǸ֮лص໥Ȼҵʮɣͨصطȴûʲô⡣
¬޳üͷ壬˫һĨ⣬ĶԪг˷ŭ
ʯѩոսΪ»ʿȡһԪУӰֻ֮»ü
ûκ⣬ʯѩΪʿûж⡣¬޳֪̫ڴ˴ǰҪսħڵӣҪ뾡취ʯѩģսħڵľڳɳ;С
ʦó֣ԪԸԴСȻ˽Ҫ»ʿһսҾһսúһսħط
Ī޺һֱһԪȥ»ʿĿֲϢΪģ˷ɢȥ
һ˿˿֮֮Ȼ𣬾Ī޺ɢ
Ī޺»ʿĿֲɢǴ֮ﶼᱻֱŤתΪֹ
ԪתɨĪ޺һ۵һЦһ̤Ǿ֮ڣԭĪ޺Īʦ֣ȻĪʦԸһսôҾȻ㣬Ȼʯѩʦսˡ
Ī޺ͬһͷһֻһ㣬ԪְɣҵҪʲô¡
ȻˣĪʦ֣ҾͲˣ
Ԫ΢΢һЦһɿֲޱȵĻȻΪģĪ޺ϯȥ
ԪͷųĻ죬Ը׿һ֮ʱҪǿһֹͨ»ʿвҲᱻǻɣճɷɻҡ
ߣ򣬸ƣ
Ī޺һЦָһţһ޴ĺɫȻ֣֮ͬһ޴ĺڶһ㣬һУǻ֮еͳͳС
ԪһĻ΢΢һЦ̾սħطĪʦ֣Ȼʵ
սħطսħڵһŶսطɸָķڶʱڻΪá۷֮սħطһ9λ涼ֱܹɣȫ顣
㣡Ī޺һЦָһ޾ĻȻγһͷ峤ߴ׵Ŀ񱩻ŷһеĿֲϢֱԪȥ
һ֮䣬ǿޱȵĻֱӽԪɣķ̺ԪĿ񱩻Խһ»ʿֱӷճɻҡ
ĪʦֹȻ׿һķҪ㣬Ȼûô򵥣Ҳգʶһҵļվҫط
ǿޱȵĻ֮УԪ
һױ׵Ϣ޾Ļ֮ڶһ峤ߴ׵Ļ־ŸС̫һͷϳһֻǣȼ̫ĳ̫˵ǰ
һɷ󺣣·ܹճɻҽĿֲϢǳ̫֮ӿķ
Ī޺һĻɫȻʧ̫㾹ȻǼվҫطز
վҫط̫ڵĸ֮һطÿһ׶ζתΪһֲֿޱȵĳһΪŸ׶Ρ
ǾŸ׶ηֱǻԪء澫顢֮ߡ֮ʳӥ̫̫̫֮ӡսڡ


453 ̫
һ̫ڵʿҲֻʿ֮󣬲ܹ̫һ仯޳ɡԪֻǿʿѾǼվҫط˳̫һ仯ֱ졣
Ԫûڳɳ֮䣬ӵгԴʿѶȡ
¬޳Ķһ̫ɫޱȡ
źɺ֮һĨӵĹâһ̾ǿ̫ڵʥӣǿ£ԭΪʯѩʦþѾѵһţû뵽Ȼܹ̫仯
ܷһʧܣôܣǿʿΪô죬ҲӦֻ޳ʳӥһ仯ô޳ɳ̫һ仯
ֳ̫Ǵ̫֮е̫Ϊʳħĳkȼŵ̫ʿҲԷճɻҡ
֮ȥɱһͷ̫һʿ»ʿҲûɱͷ̫ǳ̫Ŀֲ֪
Ī޺һ𺧣˺̫ôܣô̫
ر̫飡ǽر̫
Ī޺Ͼսħ츳ڣս»ʿǿѹ𶯣ͷ̫ȥ˫ۺɫĹâҫһ۾Ϳǳ̫ڣӵԴȪԴԴϵȥֲĻ֮
ûǽر֮Žվҫط˳̫һ仯Īʦ֣һ仯֮£Ҳˣ
ǳ̫¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫſѪһ磬̺ŷɽ̫ܵǳ̫ĿһƬ̺̫âĽ֮Ī޺ϯȥ
Ī޺ɫ䣬һأҲ֮ǰɣתطһɫսħȻ֣֮ϣγһ׺ɫսס
Ī޺ʩչսħطָһţһ·ܹһеľ޴ڶȻ֣̫ϯȥ
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Ī޺µĺɫս׺һ㽫ǲ̫һһѹ
Ī޺㻯һɫĹâȥϯ̫档
Ī޺㵭ԭˣĳ̫仯ûȫգ򣬸ղһܹһܣ
ڵĳ̫ſһ磬̫ͿԸǧ֮أ磬һ֮£ܹĪ޺ֱӷճɻҡ
Ԫĳ̫¶һ˿Цݣ˫۾һ̫ٶȻٴαһ
ޱȵ̫ǵصĪ޺ϯȥ
ΪֻԪӵر
Ī޺һĨŭɫһץһ貣һɫĳһ³С
ǲһɫĳһرгĪ޺㻨˼ʱռϣȻսħһλʦƶɵرӵпֲޱȵܡ
𻡹ն
Ī޺˫ɱӿһնսתս֮Լһ˿սעǽɫ֮ڣһʩչսħʮһɱط֮һİ𻡹ն
ǷԲȻһһɫĻȻնޱȵսӿ̫һΪżϢ˺գԪնȥ
Ī޺ƾⰵ𻡹նǰħκɴ֮ʱһնҲǿɱﵡ
𻡹նĪʦ츳ȻɱطˣϧҪңһ㣡
һ̫֮ͼƵĳɫŶȻɳ̫棬˰𻡹ն֮ǰ
һ𻡹ննɫĹŶ֮ϣն̫棬һɫĹŶ֮һ׺ۣȻɢ
ҲĪʦ֣ҲһУ
Ԫĳ̫˫۾ҫǳ̫߻ŵľŸѸһɣһ׵ľâǡ
̫ǾâڻۣһĴָϸ̫Ǿâ뼤Ī޺ֱӺȥ
Ī޺ɫ䣬Ĭģ˲һɿռ䲨ϣͼӴ˵˲Ƶ֮⡣
ֻǿռ䲨ոۣѾһĴָϸС̫˲Ϣ֮Ī޺֮ϣ׾ٵĶĻԼǺɫսףûڡ
һ̫һ´Ī޺߿֮ӿյֱӷڵϣʹ
̫ʿشǷճɻңĪ޺㱻̫գȻҲԵֵ
һսʤˣ
¬޳΢΢һ̾һץĪ޺Ǿֱ֮ץһģһǿޱȵûĪ޺ڣĪ޺ڵһ̫׷ױƳһץ̫ͳͳ
ͷ̫˲һ±仯ΪԪȻվ˾֮ϣͬһ𲻰ܵĻߣ磬ޱȡ
ŮĿⶼԪϣ֮ж¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫ
ǿԪ̫ʥӣ̫ǿˣ
ÿµļһǿʿ֮Ȼܹսħڵ»ʿʵֱ죡
̫ڵļվҫطȻǿס
ԪǿֻʯѩҲĶ֡սħڣעҪ̫ѹһͷ

Ǹһ񲨶ʮ޵Ľţȴ˿Ҵҡۡ
Ԫ΢΢һЦĪ޺ʦֹȻʵԱʹɵı¡սħڵطȻҲЩȡ֮
һ¬޳ɫ
սħ˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬֮һĨŭɫ
Ī޺»ʿǿߡԪԵ֮⣬սħڵ»ʿǿҲֻܹƵʹɱ¡սħڵط͸Ӳ̫طĶ֡
ֻԪʵȷʵǿޱȣսħЩ»ʿڸһħĵطѹħ֡ʸһսˣܹսʤһҲûС
¬޳ʿȻܹ׻ԪЩʿ³Ԫ֣ʤˣҲ޴棬øԴС
ԪĿһ¼ʯѩϣ¶һŮЦݣʯѩʦãڣܸ³һս˰ɣ˵սħһսûˣ
һĿⶼԪʯѩϡ
ʯѩܾԪһսôսħڵӾͶˡս֮УʯѩԪشôδʿδܹ˳˳⡢溣
ʲôҲһսֱ֪ȻսսħڣҾͳȫ㣬һܣ֪һߵغ񣡡
ʱһ֮һԴ
Ǵ֮ڣĿһķȥϡ


454 սԪ
źɺһĿһϣŲ֮ɫʦܣ
ܷ΢΢һ㶣ĿҲϣüͷ΢΢һ壺ʦܣ̫嶯ˣ
ﰵҲüͷ΢΢һ壺ʦ֣ȻҪսԪ̫ˣ
źɺսħ洫Ӷ֪ʵǿʿҲûмĶ֡ԪǿԻ»ʿʵħһĿֲڣûΪĶ֡
Ԫ΢΢һת濴ȥͬǳһ貵˫֮ɭޱȵɱԴӳ˵һθ˵
ʯѩͬһ貹âıʯȻһЦ磬֣֪ߵغĶְ
΢΢һЦȫԪ˳ѩӵ»ʿΪԴСʤ֮䡣ֻŻķڷԼֻһ
ԪĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫһЦһʿȻսǲĶҪһս㻹ʸ񣬵Ϊǿʿʱٿһ£Ƿһս
淴༥˵ǿʿʲôʸսáÿ»ʿ»ʿ֮սúˡصʱѾΪʿһָͿСϡ
ԪɭһЦһ̤ǾڣҲգȻȡ裬Ҿͳȫ㣬ս
¬޳üͷ΢΢һ壬֮һĨ֮ɫ棬аգ
Ŵ֮ʱֻﰵѾ˹Ŀ࿴ɾˣ¬޳ҲΪܹԪ⡣
΢΢һЦһԡ
¬޳һᣬ΢΢ͷ
һ̤Ǿڡ
ʿȻԴʿΪսԪǲ֪
սħڵĪ޺һ»ʿǿ߶ԪУһʿȻսԪǲ֪

һ񲨶Ƭ֮лصһĿ⼯ϡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц޴ʿҲսԪ޴͸ʧսħĴ̫ϵ״Ҳһһˡ
ףͬһذŮޱȵĿ˼ҲδأȻսԪҲмֱ¡ս˵ǵԤϡ
֮һĨ֮ɫʵΪʲôô
ǰһλףͬһذŮʥڵʥŮҲʥһΪɫţޱȣʶ
ħīս֮Уһ¾ո˼ڹѫԲһ򵥵
һĿϣ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫħĹطһ¾Ȼܹոڹѫô˹Ȼ򵥣
һ֮УԪҲԴС͸һᣬȳְɣ
Ԫǵһαӣһһʿ˫֮һĨŭ𣬺ܺãȻ͸һɻҰɣ
һ̺ſ񱩻ԪصĻȻ˲Ϣ֮佫ֱ֣ѻߡǻ֮Ȼֱ֣ȥ
涼ǿޱȵĻ֣Ȼھ֮⣬ȻܹоһȵϢӭ
źɺսħڵ΢΢һһ֮ɫʵ洫ɫЩףԪͷųĻȫ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ƿճɻҡ
̶ֳֻóļվҫɣȻҵĶ֣
ǻ֮дǻ֮еһڣһֱûе֮档
֮䣬ǻȫʧ
رԣλ㻹Щ¡
Ԫɨе֮һۣһЦĬģָһʩչ弶ǻħ
һԪӿһֻֻƴСʮ㣬̺ſֲԪصǻħ׷׷ɳ
һ֮䣬ֻǻħ鲼Ƭ򣬻һâϯȥ
ǻħһżΪǿطÿһֻǻħ֮ж̺ſֲĻֻ̫֮ѷһǿʿǻħУҲǻħ׷ճɻҡ
̶ֳֻȣ̫ڵʥӣ̫ʧˣȻֻ㱾£һɵı¶Ʋ
һЦֳ֮΢΢һ̣淨ӿһɿֲдǻ֮ӿ
ֻǻħͬɶ˻һ㱻ǿֱֲӾУһһɡ
ԪĿȵ
һֻֻǻħ˲ըѿһƬƬ棬ֱըѣϯȥ
һӣǻ֮һŸУǻħըѱĻ档
ǱըɢĻ֮Уһ˲Ϣ֮γԪ壬һĨЦ汳һλֱӺȥ
̫ڵת󷨣ҲһżΪطط֮Ԫܹڸֻ֮ɴûǿޱȡ
Ԫһź֮ʱ汳·۾һ㣬΢΢һ࣬һͬһһºԪĸޱȵ˲䱬һºԪڡ
Ԫɫ䣬һڴŻѪһɢһʧ
һ̣ԪվĵطȻӿγԪıֻǴʱѪԵЩǱ棬һĨ֮ɫ
ԪȻˣ
⣬ôܣԪôˣ
ԪȻˣֻһʿ

Ǵ֮ڣһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾ԪĪ޺ǿ»ʿѾܣھȻһʿˡͺһͷһֻһȭǰ㲻˼顣
ѺЦһ±ýӲ֮һĨ֮ɫĶվԭص档
¬޳ǽüͷҲһչ¶һ˿Ц⡣ֱ䣬սħڵҲйʡ
źɺһ֮һĨâһЦʦܣǿÿ£ҿˡ
ܷ΢΢ҡͷü֮͸¶һ˿˿Ц⣺һãǹ
֮һĨ֮ɫ˵öԣȻʵԶǵԤϣ
֮һĨ֮ɫ
˫ֱƳԪһۣ΢΢һӸµԪղսĵľҲСϼƿħҩúϢСʱȻᱧԹԴС֮Σʤ֮䡣


455 սٻ
Ԫ˫֮͸¶Ŵ̹Ǳ¶һսЦݣͬһһһһССĴʿòϢ
ԪĬģһָһɫķĴָ֮ӿڰջγһɫâǡ
һɫĹâ֮ӿɫĹ֮ڣһɫսףɢſֲսսɫâ֮߳һûԪ֮ڡ
һɺޱߵĿֲսϢԪ֮ɢһֲֿĸо
̫ڵսٻ
Ǻųʮǿսսٻ
ԪҪڽս棬ȫأ
սħطųƽս˫ʿһָԪսٻһٻ棡

һǴɫս׵սûԪڣڳĸɫʱһ䣬۷׷׵
սٻ̫ڵǿսط֮һ̫֮ڣӵһżرս
ս湩ǿӢս֮תΪսꡣսս꼸ҹҹսݣǧսɡ
սٻǴսٻһǿսֱӸ壬һս긽壬κһʿսյĸսɡ
Ԫһһף·ĵɫǹУһָһս£޵еĿֲϢ
ԪһЦٻһսǰ˹԰ֳһǹɱһʮӦ»ʿӦܹǿУҡ
Ӧ֮Ҳеľ붫֮ӵ죬ʵȴͬһֶ
浭սٻôӵս긽壬ҲҵĶ֡
ԪһЦеǹ֮з֮ӿһɿޱȵļһϡ
Ǵ󾺼֮УȻԪһģ˲Ϣ֮ǰһ¶˰˸Ӱ˸ֱӴȥ
˫һһʩչսħǻ֮ҫûػӰ˷ϯȥ

Ǽǹûͬ籩һ㣬һĽǶȷȥĻ֮˲Ϣ֮佻ٴΡ
˹սĸ֮£Ԫ·Ϊһսɱߣǿޱȵļǹѹƣ񱩵ķûնϣնö˿ڣѪ졣
һսٻغϣȻ֮䣬ٽһ˲䱩˳ףɨϵ˿һۣսٻȻҲ΢óһ汾²С
һǿޱȵӿһɫսħȻ֣ϣγһɫսס
սħطɫսħɫսħܹʲôսħڵĸطãʧ
ԪһЦȻͬһһ㣬ûǹӰͬΪһͷһϯȥ
˫һսħʩչ˼ޣûؽӰԪսһ
һһ񱩵Ļһ³Ǵ󾺼֮ϣɱֲ˷ɢȥ
̫ڲʿû뵽սٻȻǿ󡣡
սħڵʵҲΪѾԶͨǿʿֻһʿǿ¡սħĴ̫ϵ״ӡ

ȻǾ֮⣬ЩΧ۵ʿȻܹоǾ֮ɱ˵ǿ¡һ۷׷ף̾
ϧʵԪ໹̫ˡ
ûԪļվҫطƲҪԪս긽ˡ

Ǹһϧ֮ɫǾ֮У滯Ļ֮Ѿڿ֧ŵ״̬ʱʱĶһϸС˿ڣһεѪ˿֮еء
¬޳üͷȻչ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ѻȴüͷһﲻ
Щӵ»ʿΪϵǿʿһĿĶ棬֮𺳺֮̾ɫ
źɺ棬üͷȻչһ̾һȻԪĥԼ
ܷ֮һĨâ¶һ˿ӵĹâҲѾսħѾԭɬԽԽ죬ǰһ֮ػˮйͨһĽأϵ˿ҲԽԽ١
ˣѾûˣ
Ȼ֮䣬浭һЦһޱȵɫâҫһɫսħȻֱ֣֮ϡ
ɫսħ֮ٶȻһأл֮һĻߣ˲Ϣ֮䣬𵴾ŴΣǼǹֱӵɣһԪԴȥ
Ԫɫ䣬ͷ­ʮֹһŤ
ǻ֮ԪһֲĻ֮Ԫǿ׵ֱջһС롣
ûǰһԪĸ
һҫԪһ±â֮˲ۣٴγֻ֮͡һ޴˰̣ɫҲʮѿ
һĨ֮ɫЦսħĲ죡лԪҿԳŽԪߵս꣬ʵ̫ˣҵĽɫսħƲҴʧ㻹ȥ̫ʮսһսɣʮս꣬ӦÿԽҵĽɫսħƳ
Ԫɫѿޱȣתطһ˿˿֮һ˰̻
棬ܺãʶһҵļվҫط
ԪһĨɱ⣬ָһֱӽս긽壬Ĭģ˲䱻޾Ļ֡
޾Ļ֮У̫ٴ֣һɺޱߣķĿֲѹ˷
̫һ˫Ķס棬ſһ磬޾̫ӵkĿǵصϯȥ
̫һѾԽһ»ʿشһǿʿճɻҡĴʿֻҪ̫մȾֻ·һ
¬޳һĻɫ䣬Ҫֹⳡսֲ̫̫治ʿһ̫մȾ壬ǿҲδܹȵ档
ѺһһʿĿֲҲ
սħڣѺȻ¬޳Ķֻ֡Ҫ谭¬޳һӣǿ԰쵽ġ̫ʮ֮ףѺҲõ¬޳ֻɱǡ
Ǵ֮ڣһ±ý
սħڵǿһѺŭĿӣһɹǿޱȵɢ·ʱпܷ֡


456 ̫
ѺһǿϢ˿壬һЦ¬ʦ֣СǵĹƽѵҪԳ֣ԴСô
¬޳üͷ壬Ŀ˸ĶǾ֮ڡΣգô㱳ԴСҲҪֱֽӾȳ
Ǿڡ
˫һ˲䱬һɫսħȻ֣ǽɫսħ֮΢΢һģֱӱ仯Ϊһɫսħ֮ϣսֱ
źɺ΢΢ɫ䣬Ե̾ɫսħʦŲʮ꣬Ȼ˺ɫսħǿÿ£
ܷüͷһչЩһ̾ǹһš
ﰵһĻЦһ£һȻУɫսħȻ̶ֳȣŴ֮ʱûжȫֻһɵı¶ûʹ
ﰵսħŵӵһˣһ԰ޱȡΪսħ洫֮ͻͽһҪٴս档ǼһĻף֮ĲǵҪ֪սʱκսħڵطûʹþ׾ٵĽˡ
Ǻɫսħ֮һ˵ĺɫսףٶȻһ
ֳ֮Ĭģһ̣淨ӿһУһֱ̫ӾС
ǻ֮һ̫֮󣬱Խ財
ֻ֧˴Լӣǻ֮ڱ㴫һ󱥸УȻ޷̫档
һ߶̫棬һüͷ΢΢һô죿ѵҪûȭսħǿĹɱطҿûѧᣡ
׵ٶ̫죬սħط֮⣬սħǿĹɱطһҲᡣ
Ŀǰյĸַ޷˺ѾΪ̫Ԫֺ弶Ҳֻгһٸ弶幥пܻԪĳ̫̫⼫վҫطĿֲ֮
һĵ͵ȷǳ̫϶kһƬƬ޷ݻ١
˫֮ǻ۵ĹâһһֵӦ֮ϳ֣Ȼ񶨡
ˣ
˫һָһţһޱȵȻ֣һֱ̫ɣûڣȻֱʶ֮еİλ֮С
һ̫һİλ֮ڣһֱһʣһֱ̫ӻ飬һƬƬԪֱǰλ֮лص
ͬһ̫֮дţϢĽ̫治գûǰλ֮ڡ
ô̫֮ɴ󣿡
ô£̫棬ղ
ֻһʿ̫ˣ
һµĹ

ǰףصĸһĻ׷׵һ֮֮ɫ̫»ʿܹճɻҽĿֲ棬һʿȻֵܹ̫ķգֱ졣
¬޳ǽüͷ΢΢ɿ¶һ˿Ц⣬ԶԶǾ֮ڣ֮ɫ
ѺĶ棬һĨɱ⣺ÿµļһһʵֻ±ʯѩҪǿ֡Բܹɳȥ
Ԫ̫ʥӣǿʿľͿ׻һ»ʿԴʿ羹ȻܹԪ⣬ֱ졣ѾѺɱ
Ԫĳ̫˫֮ɱһţǳ̫߻ŵľŸѸһɣһ׵ľâǡ
һĴָϸ̫Ǿâ뼤ֱӺȥ
̫⣡
ɫȻһ䣬ֱֳ֮һᣬ̫Ĺ֮ϣ淨ӿһ̺Ż淨ɫγһ֮ܣǻ֮ϡ
һ̫һºǻ֮ϣ׾ٵĹᴩһɫ棬Ծ׵Ľֱ֮ɣ֮ϡ
̫һ֮޼ɵһС
ת粻壬һڷˢһֱ̫Ӿİλ֮ڡ
һ̫һûİλ֮ڣһ𣬷·Ҫİλֱӷմһ㣬Ű
һȻһ̫һһ飬һƬƬԪء
Ȼİλ潫̫֮ȫɣͬλ涼һ֮СˮĴԪأѾʼʧ֮ơ
˿汻̫֮󣬽ֻ΢΢һΣֵס̫⡣
סˣȻס̫⣡
⣬ôܣ
ҵۻ𣿡
ǿ̫⣡»ʿܹʿԻ˵̫⡣ôܵסôܲ

ǸһĿɿڴԼ۾
һֱޱȵѺҲɫʧеôܣôܵס
Ҳɫ䣬֮ޱȣʧ̫ˣʹʲôô̫Ҳֵס
һֱȻͬһذİ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫȻıҲԶԶԤϡ
źɺоʮֲ˼һԵܷʵ̫ɣҵ۾ûлɣ
ܷһЦ̫ⲻ٣
ʯѩЦĿһĻԺͽ
ܣôܻ
ѾָԪĪ޺ɫ࣬˫ȭգĵǾ֮ڵ棬ҧ촽һεѪ촽֮е¡Ī޺㱻̫һգֱӰ׾پͽ̫⵲ס˵Ī޺ʮֹʵһĸ˴ͬʱҲһԹޡ
ܣôܵסҵ̫⣡
Ǳ仯Ϊ̫Ԫ˫֮֮ɫʧе֮Ҳ֪дһ˿־塣
̫ԿطԪҲѽһ̫⡣׵ס̫⣬һ侲ޱȵԪҲҡ
浭һЦܼ򵥣ʵ̫ˣǳֻ̫̫ӳ˲ɡּ̫⣬ûʸҡ
ʵϣԼֲ֮˰λ棬е̫ͳͳǰλ֮ڡ˻粻壬Ҳֵס̫⡣̫֮İλˮĴԪҲѾʼЩʧ⡣ȻҲ֪Ԫ࣬ϳԴԪһĪģ
̫ڵļվҫطҲˣҴʧ
һЦһΣͬһһ㣬Ԫȥ֮е̫ͳͳֱɣǰλ֮ڡ


457 ̫
޾̫֮Уһ³һûκλͨͨʮѸٵ죬֮ƣͷ̫ȥ
̫ܹʹ̫棬֮ǿҲһ
Ԫ˫֮һĨײеĹâһޱȵĺĳ̫˫֮ҫһƶ켣
̫ȻЩӵͫĳǵk˫ͫͬʿǿߵƶ켣ǿħĳĿֲ֮
ǳ̫սĿֲڣѣϡ١֮λֵ˰˴ʿʵۣ֧䡣
ͷ̫һƶ켣΢΢һΣӵдɽϺ֮ĿֲβȻֱӺȥ
Ǵ֮ڣ˶ĵĶŴ󾺼棬˫֮֮ɫ
ֻ·Ԥϵһ㣬ǳ̫ոһֱӵǧһ֮ʣܹͷ̫ȫһǳ̫ͷһݺն¡
̫βȷʵһǿסҸ޷ܿǿʿľ磬޷ȫճ̫ı仯޷ƥ䣬֮ңֱ룡
ǻ֮һնԪĳ̫֮ϣһǳ̫ͷնѳһ޴˿ڣƬѪǸ˿֮ءԪǧһ֮Ťһͷ۾ᱻһնѡ
һ֮滯һӰԪΧҫͬ಻ĺһնԪĳ̫֮ϡ
ԪԽ׻ĳ̫һ̫֡ʿĿֲڣͨ֡Ϊ̫֮󣬾Ԧ̫ѾʮֳҪƿǳ̫͸Ӳܡ
ĳ̫ղβһ˦ͿԱƵ治òӲƴԪĳ̫ȴһ㡣ȻβĴ˦Ȼ޷ֺǳ̫ǿޱȣʱѾг顣
棬Ҫ
Ԫ˫۳죬Ҫһ춯صŭ̫֮ȻһɫĻֱ
һȻ˳ǧ֮⣬һصԪȥ
ֻǳɫĻ֮УԪĳ̫һһ̫һ仯תȥ
һɷɽ󺣵ĿֲϢǳɫĹ֮ɢǾ֮ڵ¶һ߰ٶϡ
еһһĨ֮ɫ̫䣡ôܣʿܹı仯㶯رҲάֱ仯
̫ʿܹ޳ɵı仯һ޳ɣ̫ﲻ٣ʿֻҪմȾһ䣬ͻᱻԼճɻҡҿаħ෨
ǱΪ̫ͬҪά̫һʱҪĵȫԽһǿʿֱɡ
ǽɫĻ֮УԪһʹ࣬ŤȻ֮䣬һ˿˿֮֮û̫֮ڣӲݻ̫ķ֮һͷ
¬޳һĻȻɫ䣬ʧ磡Ȼ۳磡
ɫ䣬֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ磡Ȼ۳磡η
磡Ȼ۳磡
磬ǿʿ֮۳磬Ԫֱ

ʮŵʿǼһĻҲͬɫ䣬ʧ۵
ڲ֮λ֮УǿʿſԿλ飬ѹλ飬޵СǿʿԼֲ֮λӣһͬݻһʿ
ߴʿʵÿһžޣkǵͬѾݻһ磬ܹ֮޵Уѹλ棬ɱǿߡ鶼ȵ¸߰ͷ­kǸ׳Ƴ
λıǽ֮ҲǿһҲδܹһöλӡ
֮λʿǾооš
νʿ÷ˮ߾رԼ֮ڣͨޱȵطγһʵмƵ硣
羭ʿʹøͬһһתΪʵ硣ȻҪתΪʵ磬ҪԴֲλǧ򱶲ֹܹתΪʵ硣
ڰʿʳ֮֮ڿٳ磬ҽתΪһʵľǿߡ
ܹ֧䡢رʮϡ١Ҿӵ䣬ҪԼڿһ磬Ҳ֮ѡ
սħڣҲֻĴ̫ϳеĻһӡ̫ϳڿٳ磬֮⣬Ҳûڿٳ硣
һӡʿҲǿԿһЩС溣ʿľǿߡλ̫ϳ֮ϡ
Ԫܹɳ̫ı仯Ϊӵṩһ˿֧֣ܹ֮ʩչ̫Ī޺»ʿеľӢܹܵĿֲ
Ԫ̫ͷݻķ֮һ֮󣬱޷ݻȥ
ķ֮һ̫֮Уһһ˿̫ף滺Ʈȥ
һһ˿̫ףһĨ֮ɫ
̫Ȼֻһ˿ȴȼߣһ̫⻹ҪֲʿմȾһ˿̫ףҲᱻֱˡ»ʿһ˿̫УҲͬᱻճɻҽ
̫ʵ죬һ֮ޱȵĳǰ
кâһţֳ֮һݺݵһ˿̫֮ϡ
һ˿̫˲ըѿһһǻ֮ϯȥ
ǻ֮ڷӡŵһ˿淨ҲΪ֮һ

֣αˣһͺȡ
һ֮һ΢΢˲ըѿӲһ˿̫ѻһſޱȵĻ籩ϯȥ
˫һһˮ֮Ȼһǻ籩ϯȥ
ǻ۽ƻ֮ǻ۳Ѿˮ֮Ҳ⡣
ˮ֮һǻ籩Ӵֱӱһɢǻ籩һ˿Ȼŷɽ󺣵ϯ
αˣ΢΢һһռ侵Ȼ֣ǻ籩֮ǰ
ǿޱȵĻ籩һռ侵һϵıǿռ侵иֱӴ͵˲ͬĿռ֮С


458 Ԫ
̫Ԧ̫ףĿռ侵޷֮ᴫ͵ռ䡣
ԪǿʿľԦ̫ף޷һ˿̫ףһ˿̫Ҳᱻǻ֮Աըѿ
һ˿̫һըɢҲشʿ»ʿĿֲܡ
ǴĻ籩ǿռ侵һһиռ֮ڣȻһȭͷСĻͬһ㣬һһĿռ䣬ȥ
˫һһץһץһŻ֮ϣһֲ֮˲䱬Żֱɣûǰλ档
һŻһûİλ棬һ֮ͬһĳìһݺһŻһ̣һһŻɷ飬ޱȵĻԪǰλ֮Ʈ
Ż汻֮Ԫ˫۳죬ͬһͷ˵Ұһ㣬һ仯ķ֮һ̫ͷһ±
öر̫Ҳһ׷ѣһƬҳء
âһԪһ԰׵վǾ룬Ķ棬ŷŭ֮ɫ
һսˣ
Ѻ㵱ϣȻ䣬һץһâҫֱӽԪǾֱ֮ץ˳ŵԼߡҲٽ֮Ԫ̫ڵľŵնɱ
ԪһصѺߣȻ棬˳ۼҪԴ˳˳ˮ޵УδһܡھȻôһʿܣ˵ֱܴ衣
վǾĿ·ԽǾֱԪһЦԪȻʵԱʹɵı¡̫ڵطȻҲЩȡ֮
Ѻɫˢһ±ޱȡ
ԪǿӿһĨ̺֮ɫ΢΢һһѪֱӴĿأֱӱ˹ȥ
ʵԪǴѵһľšûлǻ۽ƻ֮ǰûȭֻ粻֮мŵľطǰλ۳֮пʤԪвᱻԪֱӻܣɱ
ǻ۽ƻ֮ǻ۴ܹ׾ٵսħطսħط˺ɫսħܹ֮Ԫ

ǿÿ£
棬ǿÿ£Դʿ֮ȻܹԪֱ졣
սħ˶ʢʯѩ֮⣬Ȼܹţ֮Ǿӵ׷̫ڵĿܡ
˵Ϊ̫Ϊ˼սħڣͨ˼ΪϿŽսħڡյӵʱҲҪ࿪ټ·

Ǵ֮ڣʮɵʿǸ춼Ķ棬ŸޱȵĹâʼ˼սħ֮Ĺϵ
һЩλҲʼ˼ǷӦøսħڡ
һսħڳһ𿰱ʿʥʿĿֲڣսħȫһԾΪʮ֮ףھʿʳҲǲܡ
֮УʿľŻǿʿࡣǴʿľŻս»ʿǿʿȴëǡ
̫ڵʥԪѾǾţ»ʿСȴУʵ֮ǿ֪
˴˵֮еļʿʵ֮⣬ֻЩ˴ʿʵ潻ֵľ콾ӵ˿ֲսЩ˴ʿʵ潻ֵľţû䣬Ҳһɾ;ˣЩҲ溣ʿʿʥʿҲ١
Ľ֮⣬һޱȵɱҲһܺõסˡ
̫ڵʥԪ֮Ҳû˸»ҲУƽ޲˳
»һ̫һѺĴ֮£뿪սħڡʥҲ뿪սħڡ
༸ɵĵǰӴ棬ύ
༸ɵ洫ҲʮȤ˫һļϣ̸Ϊѡ
棬ɵ
һصɹһʶ֮лص΢΢һŻɵȥ
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һĿ磬´棬ͬڿһ䱦ò¶һ˿Ц̾ɵ棬ıǳҵԤϡεıִսħڵ磬˵ɣҪʲô
һתϣԻһЩλı
λ棿
һ΢΢һ㶣һһǿޱȵľ񲨶ϯȥ
治ɫĽ粻ջأƾһӵľ񲨶ϡ
ǻһӵľ񲨶֮΢΢һɨֱջء
һĿ⸴ӣ΢΢һ̾λ棬ȻǰλֲԼ֮ڣ
ֲλӣȻ󲻶ʹø͸طǰλݻΪһ磬ܹһΪͬ޵еǿʿ
һսħڵĹ֮£Ҳķ۳硣ҪתΪʵ磬ֲλҪǧϡ
һ뵽ԼĵӾȻѾֲλӣٳһλ棬һӾϲãͬʱҲЩʺĽ
ܹԴʿľ̫ڵʥԪһҲϲµ治ֲ˰λӣѾ۳硣
λҪıþǷˮĴԪγɵ䡣ˮĴԪҲ֧ŸλĴԪءˮĴԪطİλ棬Ҳ̺ĴԪصİλ档
λıҲࡣˮ͸ˡİλԪ̫Ũö֮󣬲籣ƽ⣬ܹʵһ¥
һһӣöƽƽֱӷȥ
һϲɫöµлʦ
ˮĴڸԪŨ֮ءձ絺ȱϮ֮ءҽȻԪŨ֮ءˮڴ󺣵֮ء֮¡
Ĵ硢λ䡣һ־ͻᱻߣÿһöмСκһö۸һڵ͵ħ֮ϡ
һҲΪһδսħڵ磬ŻƽλԪر仯
һ漸䣬ֱȥ
һصԼĶ֮ڣʼԼİλ֮ڡ
֮㱻ͬ͵ħֱİλ֮ڣˮԪٴȡƽ⣬λֱһǧף˸֮


459 
潫öԪȫ֮΢΢һͷҸûʱսħĶսطˣ
Ԫʿ֮еľţʲô׵ȵ弶ķûκЧ
һԪΪ̫Ŀֲڣ弶Ҳκβ
սħڵսħطһ壬溣ʿɫսħͬսսħطŻսħڵĸ֮һ
һ溣ʿʵһʲôһӵս溣ʿȫѹͬǿߡ
طÿһȼͿʼһȼķطʵսط
˫֮սħڵսħطҲ̫ˡֻдʿܹҹɫսħ壬Ҫʱ⡣ϵһܹգڴʿս֮УɱɫսħҪǿٱֹ
Ȼ溣ʿ֮սܵƣûʲôáɫսħ壬һ¼ɵսֱƿֲ
˶δ½ƫĻߵĸ½֮⣬½Ķʿʿ粻ԿǿĶطͬ໥֮䣬Ҳвٷ
սħͬҲв翪ĸַȻսħû̫ȥ翪ķˡ
սħطѡѡ˺һŽѡˡ߾תԪ̥ˮԪ䡷طͬʱطҲսħ硢õط
߾εơȡ졢̡ࡢϵɫÿһӵǿޱȵתǿֱ۳һΪתķģ͡Ԫ̥ǿԻһΪԪķģ͡ˮԪҲԻһΪˮķģ͡
ɫ𡢾ת硢ԪˮĴͬӵжԣʵӶǿĴ
߾תԪ̥ˮԪ䡷طÿһŶޱȣֱָĴԪرԴطȼ̫ڵļվҫط൱źɺţͬʱطʮּѣûһ޷С֮
ûлǻ۽ƻ֮ǰԶԶȲźɺţ˻粻֮⣬ҺҼط
ǻ۽ƻ֮ǡ߾תԪ̥ˮԪ䡷طһǧ׾پͽطС֮ʶ֮ҲݻĴģ͡
ͬʱĴطСܹ֮ĸӦڵİλÿʱÿ̶ĴԪص֮£ϵ׳
ȡ֮ÿһҪĺĵͼħÿһĵĵͼħʮ֮ޡ
ɹסĶ֮ڡ
˫֮ЩԻܹĸݣһ̾Դˣҵ취࿪ټ̵ŪЩԴС
ľʶݻΪһλ֮ǿޱȵǿʿ֮·ĵԴҲԼμڵ
δ½λȺԭԼӰ֮ǰյǸ9λԴԴ͵ԴȻ޷
ǶװҪصĺϳϳħҩЩħҩóȡԴȻ޷
Ҹöһ
һԵһȫϢͶӰһâ֮λ½ͼȫչ˳
вţλǱߣҵĻڹԼΪǽǱ̽ţûзԴءӰ֧λ̫ƶ񤡣Ҫ׬һʴģҪ½֮ϡ
֮λĿǰ֪ȼߵλ棬ͬҲǸԴΪḻӵ޾һλ档ҪøԴҲֻڲ֮λ취
麣Ͻʮ֮һ߾һ߼ʣǿ󳬷
ӵĸδ½ֱǷɣδ½߾δ½ӡάδ½شδ½
Ĵδ½֮Ŧÿһ춼Ĵδ½̴ڣĴδ½Դ֮
ɣδ½߾δ½ӡάδ½شδ½Ĵδ½Զȶδ½Ҫö࣬ͬĴδ½ԴҲԶȶδ½Ҫḻöࡣ
Ĵδ½Զóףͬ˾޴ĲƸһÿ˰նʮ忤˰ܺ͡
׶ǣһĳɫŮĺܳǵ·֮ϼۡˣòΪ޸ߵȾ顣
Ǻ棬§Ը˵˿ԼǷɧǣľ׵ɳȣ޼ɵΧš
ӴޱȵԴ֧֮£˿ѾΪ˴ʿɳڸ滯Ӱ֮ҲӰ֮£˳ޱȵĽΪսǿʿӰ˾
ࡢߵȾ顢ڰľɫһ˵Ŀ⡣
һ̰Ŀⶼ׷׼һеϣȴδһ㣬ҡ֣һĽʵĿ⡣
ڸոյִ½ʱֻܹβˣҽδ½ľɫ˴˵ءһǿ߶ϣЩŮˡ
սħ̫ϳϻһӵ洫ӣսħڵӣҲս»ʿĿֲڡѾӵ˱ԼŮ˵ʵ͵
ڣ֮⣬೤ϡŹ֣ӵĺ塣
֮λĺλĺ岻֮ͬλĺ˱ԭĺ֮⣬ʿλץĺ塢ǱʿøΣʵı캣塣
֮λ֮еĺǿʵΪֲǺ֮ͥͥͥ׹ͥ½Ĵ벼˹ݹ⡣
Щ뿪½ȻᱻʿɱƬײʿҪЩ壬Ҳܡ
һĺܳͣһΪĺ֮ǰ
ī߸ŮݵĽǺ֮ڡ
һɫȹΪһŮЦӭλʲôܹﵽ
ֱӴһָæǰһӣһ˿˿ƻǺǺһƬǻ۽ƻҶ
ǸߵȾһİԸ߸ϵҼϴӷλŪǻ۽ƻҶʯ±Ҽ̸


460 ʯ±
Ů΢΢ɫ䣬Խλǻ۽ƻҶˣԵȣ
һƬǻ۽ƻҶͿһǿʿ۷ǿɸʽΪ»ʿֱʿΪ֮Ķ
ڷλ֮Уʿţëǿʿ۷ǿҲ١»ʿϵǿȴʮϡ١һ»ʿȫԿɣ֮һϯ֮ء
ûãһذȹĽСȥʮŮ΢΢Щƣ·Ӫһ㣬ȴΪ£һ˫ڰ׷Ĵ۾һԱʯһŮϴ΢Ц˹
ŮˮһЦʯ±λγƺ
Դ
ʯ±ȻһЦԭӣ
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˿һڲˮ֮һЦ⣬̾ǺҶħ裡4ϵʿʡڷãСȵò裡
ɳҲŵǱҶħһڣڴ֮䵭ζҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ҶħҲǴزȻҶħڴֻħ衣ڶδ½֮УȴѵһƷվ֮һ죬һҲ򲻵
һħ֮۾΢΢һ䣬ڴ֮Ĳ㣬Ĵǰʯ±
ʯ±·ûнĿϣȻһЦӣеǻ۽ƻҶʮȤһǧħһöΣ
¶һЦݣǻ۽ƻҶʿҲᶯġһǧħһƬǻ۽ƻҶ䣬ô˻
ʯ±ȻôҪʲô
¶һζЦݣҪ󣡣
ʯ±֮ϵЦȫȥֻ֮ʣ޾ı֮һĨ֮ɫºôθڣһƬǻ۽ƻҶǧҵ쿪ذɣﲻӭ㡣
ɢǿʿֲϢӴǷһ໺߳Įޱȵĸ档
浭һЦ֪󲻾֮ǰ̨ɽҺ֮ϵлﶼʧĿǰѾʲծʯС㣬Ĵ֮УϷ֮λѾԶҲΨһľǣߣʯǧҵһ𣿡
ʯ±ʱʧɫ֮һĨ֮ɫ˫һӣǿʿǿȥ
ʯ±㴦ĻǴ̽鱨Ϊʲô
ޱȵҪһӵĴδ½кó׵СѡȥʺҡҿԻٵҲͬʯС㣬ѡɣʯǧĻҵһǽ󽻵ҵУԡ
ʯ±ü΢΢һʲôˣ
΢΢һЦսħڻһ̫ϳϵ״档
ʯ±֮һĨ֮ɫʧսħڻһ̫ϳϵ״ӣ
ʯѩ»֮ϻԪѾ֮ඥǿ֪֮Ҳһͨʯ±û˵ͷսħĴ̫ϳȴľǿߣֻҪеʶʿǵţʯ±Ȼսħ̫ϳϵ״жء
һսħ̫ϳϵ״ӵλǳᲢۡսħڵΧ֮ڣһĿսħ̫ϳϵ״ӶҪ񡢰ͽֺá
ǧķ˼սħڡսħӵطԴ֮⣬ͬҪսħڵƣ
ʯ±ü΢΢һ壬ԴǸԵȣҪһʱ䡣
ϣʯ±ת뿪䡣
浭һЦƷǺҶħ衣
ûãʯ±ٴλ£֮гȻһЦԭǴ̫ʥӵʦ֣ʧ
ʯ±ϵȻʦ棬ҿԽ˳ɵĹɷøֻҪɡ
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ʵǿҲֻǿʿ۷ĳϡǧҵ޷һ»ʿΪЧ澹ȻԸӹʯ±㵱ѡֱ޷˵ѡͶ档
濴ʯ±˹ϣҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
֮һķ֮һž޴İԲߡ߾ĴϣҲʯ±ĸʯҵµĴɽ
һĿ࣬ϴһɫ֣ɢһ׺ϢĶϳһǰֳһ̨ɽѾûĵ̨ɽѾʲծҪǷһлҲûԸǷȥҪˡ
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Ŀ࣬ȥʮֽ׳ͷȴѾһ˿׷ĴƳ˶һ۵϶˵ʲôֱ˵
ϳĬ˺һᣬ·Щһ㣬һԵϿһۡ
΢΢һЦº±ֻҪ±Ը޸Ϊ檡ºΪһ壬ȻϴµĻҵҲڰС
ϳĬһᣬһֱĬĳϿȥô
ĳϵʹͷ·һ㣬ĬֻƳĺš
˫֮ŷŭ֮ɫģɭޱȵϴǶɽǴһ¶ΪǿʿԪǧꡣϣǲһȺ޼ҿɹ飬޳ͷ֮յĹ¶ͻữΪһѿݹǡ䲻ʮ꣬Ϊ˶ȡĲƲȻҪȣ޸ºǸǵĶ𣿡
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ϡϾȻΪԼٻ뽫ʯ±ֱӣôϷŭѡ
ǴϵŭȣĳһĨ΢΢һȴһ̾ճĬȥ
һЦϴԲӣҲֵһȭһŴġΪֵĸûˣ϶ʲô飬ҵΪЧ꣬ҲѾˡ


461 
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΢΢һЦҲ֣ûȻִ£ǾͰչһºˣ
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һĿ΢΢һʧеһ
һǲº֮ӣҲǲº
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ϡĳŴԣ϶һĨȻ֮ɫȻһ³Ĭȥ
ȴһЦݣ̾Ӣʯ±ǸСӣһúܣһɽʥŮģΪһ¼ӣıһȤ
Ŵԣ˫۳죬һǿʿڵ֮лɢɵŲһӿһۣλģ
ǲºɸһĻÿһ˶ӵǿʿڵΪֵеǿʿʮϣպաǵػ֮£һſԺǣ޼ɵ޷졣
һЦϹ㾹ȻҲֵ֪ܵͷҲ֪㲻ӦҼҪôĽ죬ļա
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һһĨͷ֮ɫϹϻôʲô֣ɱ
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ʯ±ֱӲһһҿԽ͸㣬Һһ·ֻҪӦǿʮ֮ڣҺͻǵ뿪ǡ
ֹĿʯ±һۣճһ̾ĬҲ׾㽫ֻҪʯ±һпԴ֮г뿪Ѿʮ˵ˡ
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һĨ˷֮ɫ¶һ˿Ц⣺꺣úãȱ߹ϣҪʧźá


465 ħǽ׻ħͫ
ʯ±һĿ棬æȰˣ֪ʵ»ʿ˫ȭѵ֡꺣ǿ֮⣬µȮҲǼΪǿĴڡɲͬд裬Ϊ˻ʤȫֶΣԻһΧģʵǿҲԵֵǵΧ
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꺣룬һĿ࣬ͷһֻɫֵӴһͷɣɭɭĴ֮ϣĿ絶·ԽգĶ档
źɫֵվŰòʿǰòʿÿһɢһɿֲϢκһ˵ʵԶԶ֮ϡ
źɫֵӾպյ꺣İʿ꺣µȮ
ʿһʿҲƣ֪Ķ
꺣Ŀһۣ˫ͫȻһŤ·ĵĹâȻ֣һа񡢹˫֮ͫ
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һֻ޴ħַųڤ֮˺գһץһѽӷץڤ֮ڡ
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꺣һĮȻ·һ߸ϵһĮĸ˵ı飬һĨϷ֮ɫ
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ռ򣡹ȻʵʮɵĵӡôǿҲֻһʿֻһˣԣˣ
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ŵְǺˮطʿӵЧʿͻʿƿɵļʡ
ʿһ;ԽԽѣ»ʿһֱ֮ŵְǺͻʿƿıҲͬмеıǶʮħҲδԸ
һĨ˷֮ɫһУˮֱеУϸ鿴¶һ˿Ц⡣ŵְǺ飬ռͻƿĸֱͻƵļʸߴɣѾǼߵĸˡ
һɸһĴͥԺ֮еˣ
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꺣ˣ꺣ĽӴܣ꺣ܣѾ棡


473 
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Ŵԣ˫һڣеĲյ˵ϣޱȵɲһأؿһƣһȣҪ³Ѫ
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˫۳죬ɨ˲һۣгһһ亮ҡߣߣڲ뿴㣡
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ҷ缶̴Ǵҷ缶̴ҷ缶̴̨ɽ̴һ¿ܹúô׬һˡ
Ӵһֻӣǵʮ𣿡

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ȺǺڼ׶ӵӵĴӳǾȻҶҳ֣ΰĹ̫ʦԲŹǵģ
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ɣմ˲ͱһֱӶ˱飬һĴӰֱ֮׹䡣
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˫֮һĨԹ֮ɫȴ¶һͰЦݣаܺã֮裬صٱ֮
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476 ɱľԭ
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Ǿаλ֮һʵڵаӵʿ۷ĿֲΪľԭһֱ
㣬ҵ˳ֵ𣿡
һתͷĿһ棬ţͷ֮ϵ¶һЦݣʮֹһǵŮ
һаޱȵ³Źɣһһϯȥ
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аޱȵȻһһĴ͸壬ûڣϵ𵴡ʴ档
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Ӱ֮зɳһشľԭҲͬʱű֮Уͷʹѣ޷ʩչκη
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аħаλ֮еһֳǾаħ溣ʿаĺᡣаλҲֻоѪаħߡǾѪаħ߶ʿϿħǿڡ
аħǿ츳ܾǾħǾħ֮㡣ȻǻеҲᱻʴΪһ̯ˮ
һͷаħһ·ɳ೤ι״೬ʩչַ˼츳ܣһܼǿ˺ɱһ
ͷɺ߹߿˿ûΧɱһ˫ͫһħ⣬ÿһ֮ͫڣһ±ĸ飬ļµİֻ۾·Զڤһĵķȥ
аħӵеаħͫͬһǿӵ츳ͨ۷֮ԹᴩڤԽλ棬λ淢顣
ҵˣٹ⣡ǾȻٹⷢĹ
߿ĿһɨͷƲ֮ڷܵķǼսʱκˡ
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ǷǼս֮⣬ȻܹʿһĿֱֲš
ʵЩǼսջս֮УϸԽ໥ڻ֮λ֮Уջͬ㣬ľǷǼսڻ󻯵ļ޾롣Զڵ˥̫࣬޷ߵʿ
߿˫֮ͫһĨô죿ʮ֮⣡
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ħ߾Ǻ߹䣬ҲǺ߹벽»ʿǿ֮һʵɲ⡣
߿кâһ΢΢ҡͷУԷбûв´ǸӦսħڵ档̫ʥԪշ꺣ɱ׽ԡǲʿԲǵĶ֡ȥ֮Ԯٻаʹߣ
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乧Ӧһһ±仯ΪΣһһʿȥ
߿һΣһ»ָһɫĹâҫԭʧ
ǲдʿȻâҫһɢѪζĺɫâȻڰ֮γһѪɫâǡ
һѪɫľѴâ֮ڻڶһɹ졢аϢѪɫľ֮
Ѫɫľ֮кȻһޱȵ֮ǹһ߹Ĺ
ЩʿſĽػ֮أǺ߹֮ڣʽʿµ˶һ˲߿Ѫһࡣ
һ˲䣬Ǻ߹֮ڵͳͳ³;Ѫ˷ûǾ֮ڡ
һĻɫ΢΢һúݵֶΣ
½üһĻҲʧɫͨıסֱۡ
΢ЦЩͼ˴ļֵǱʹܹΪЩΰʿǵң
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˹ݹͳʿԼΪϸƶϸɷ»ʿҲ޷ģɱˣͻᱻֱѹɱ
ɣδ½ŷаĴδ½޹˼ɣ˵һ㣬޼ɵʹߡ
ڲ֮λ֮У֮ʯһҪɱܹƶĲرǳԷɣδ½Ĵδ½


481 аʹ
Ѫɫľ˺߹ͨ˵;Ѫ֮Ȼࡣ
꣡
һޱȵ֮£Ѫɫľһѿ
һͷףɫȼܻ棬帲ƬÿһƬ֮϶һʹϳ˫ͷϳһֻǣü֮һŮ׵ĹߴǾ֮Ȼɳɢһа񡢹졢ֲϢ
ľ߾Ǻ߹ĵ֮һаʹߡǺ߹溣а߾ħָ֮£ԵkһͨѪҺټһǧˡʿһǧʿԼһǿʿټһ벽»ʿΪƷƶɵаʹߡ
һаʹһӵ»ʿмĿֲʵʿ֧֮£Կ»ʿ۷ǿߡͷаʹΨһǱʿ֧֮սսİ뾶ֻں߹ʮķΧ֮ڡ
һаʹһֱſһ磬һѪɫĻЩǿ˺ϯȥ
Ѫɫ漫Ϊ죬Щǿ˺ֻҪ΢մȾһ˿ͻðĴ𣬱Ӳķճһ̯ˮյ䡣
ܻеǹֳָ˹ǹͷаʹ߽ɨ䡣
ϸϸĹͷаʹϣȴ޷˺kֺ
ͷаʹһת˫֮һĨޱȵĹâſһ磬ǹޱȵѪɫЩеǹϯȥ
ѪɫĻ֮Уеǹֱӻɻҽ´ƬȼŻĽ
꣡꣡
꣬аʹߣ꣡

һĻǺ߹֮ڣʿ˷ܵĴе˵ûһоаʹߵǿ֮У˷ܲѡ
ɣδ½ǿΪģȲ֮λطҪصöࡣǸĹһ֮еǿߣǿһ֮⣬һϲͨķҲһĹ
аλабնѪȱ̺ݶΪа㹻ǿɣδ½֮аεȻɷ硣аֻҪ㹻ϵѪͻ̫ͨѣٶ̫
ĴսԴУѡʵʵһĿޣԭʣܹҲʿ֮
йâһŵаʹûʵ壬ǷĻҪɱkܣֻҪľkķܹõkʧˣڴô𣿻Χס߹
תζĿ˹һ۵аʹҲģڵkӵһöа֮ˣݻһöа֮ˣkͻȫǽаʹٻʿҲǵk㣬ÿݻһʿkʵͻһֻ֡Ҫٴݻʿk޷άִڡ
ЩһЦļʶȻԨսħڵ洫ӡǸаʹߵа֮λÿƶû߼޷һݻа֮ˡʿҲô״ݻٵģ
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Ĺֱĸȥǹĸ֮£һһСʿֱӺ顣
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ͷаʹһޱȵɱЩĴӴܵĺ֮ʿǡÿ̳Ժɫ֮ʿǣͷаʹ߾¶һ˿֮ɫϢҲһ˿˿ǿ
濴ͷڷɺ֮аʹߵһЦаʹһ˫нûеˣôkͻᷴɱԼˣֻҪұֶԺ֮ѹаʹ߱㲻ơ
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Ĩһ亹֮ǱѾӦԮˣһ֧һ죡
߿ɭޱȣƿڴһޱȵɱ֮г𣺡һ𣿸ģЩ
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߿һ뵽ԼȻǿУͶ֮Ĺʹ޲ѡ
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һһۣĸߴò֮ϣĿ·һеȣź۵ӡ
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ĺĹȻ֮ĸͬӵԼ־ƽʱ֮ĵǲ֮һ˥һɵľĺĴ
ҹüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫ澹Ȼܹú߹ԮʵȻز𣿡
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ҹ֮жʱһĨ֮ɫʿ
ҹѾڰ벽ʿ֮ѾһǧꡣȻ֮ռƿħҩȴҲ֪Լʿĳɹʲһɡ
һҹ֮Ի֣ΪһŵܹɱôͻһƿޱȵħҩΪʿļɡ


482 Ԯ
ʿһϽɱΪӸߵĴڡʿԽԽΪѡ
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һҺɫķ۸ոշɳִޱȵĹܷǼս֮˲Ϣ֮һҺɫķ֮ϡ
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ǿ˺ߵٶȿԸߴʮգٶȱ»ʿķжҪöࡣЩ»ʿʹÿռ䴫ȿռ෨пٶǿ˺֮ϡ
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ĿĶаȡһƴСĴһһ̺ŰѪ⾫Ѫֱû˵kĿС


483 ɱа
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аֲͨ䡢Ĺ峬ӵһֲֿ츳ܣǿѪ⾫˲ָκơ
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ǿ˺ǻȻûѪǶаɣkҲֻܹԼѾ׼õķѪ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ̾Ѫɣδ½һаеĴδ½ȻѪĶ洦ɼ
ʿĸеʿǴӷһڴͳ֮ڣ˵ĵλȻԶʿôߣȴҲԲͬһ㱻ɱ
Щڴִɱаʿһ˷֣ͻᱻǿΧɱ
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ͷе֮·ɽͷеҲͬһһ׹䵽˵֮ϡ
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һޱȵӴ֮⴫һʿʮǱĴ˴֮ڣҹǰе£ˣ£
ҹһɲԤдȵʲô£˵
ʿɳȥԮ˷ȫˣľĿʹˡˡ
ҹʱ˫һڣһ̱Լ֮ϡ


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֮ӵа»ʿǷɣδ½Ĵ֮УҲһǿ֮һ»ʿλӴһ½䵽Ĵ֮ĩ
֮ڣŲаʹһǿĴڡЩǿĴ»ʿҪǿ󡣿ЩǿĴҲͬаʹһӵƣʹôľ޴󣬸޷뿪ĳ޶ĵص㡣
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ͷûһ̫ͷаȮһޱȵ̫潫ͷаȮֱӷճɻңֻʣһö»֮ˡ
¹նһĻͨһ𣺡£ӣ
һ¹·䣬ïޱȵĳֱֲն飬¹նһΣһ¹ǻʹ֮ȥ


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һεķȻ¹նǰ¹նһ±ʮö֮һʣεķֱӽ顣
εķָոձһ͸ķһµ¹նǰͬ޾һ㡣Ƶ¹նֻܹĴ߶һϳֵķ֡
ǰһһ³¹նһȭԵޱȵ¹նֱӺȥ
¹նɫ䣬ü֮ϵ»ӡȻһ¹ۣγһһʮ¹֮ܡ
ǻȭһ¹֮ϣ㽫¹֮һ飬ڵʮĲʱȭľֱӱ
ͬһʱ䣬һٴ֮Ȼݺݵĳ¹նıϣһ¹նѡ
ǻеſһ磬һϢڴһº¹֮ϣ¹ֱ֮ӻƣʧ¹նϣ¹նһ󶴡
ſһ磬һ̫ͷ¹նϯȥ
¹նһĨ֮ɫĲҽе£ң
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ҹüͷ΢΢һ壬ƿһ̫һתһ̫ʮֹıֱ˽ƿ֮ڡ
¹նոһһǻʹ֮һ´ϣһͬһɽһ㣬жһ±óٻޱȡ
ǿ˺ʮյĿֲٶȻɳӵ¹նֱնȥ
¹ն˫âһһӣһööֲ֮תһƬַ籩Щǿ˺һӽַ籩ֱӱַ籩ֱն顣
ҹƳһۣĿɭɱһţ棬ߣ£ҿԵʲôûз
һЦʲô¶ûзҿɲͬ⣡ɣ
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ҹɫ䣬һΣһĨӰһ´ԭʧ
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һͷҫϵ׷ҹ𣬱Ƶҹ𲻵òk֣޷ˡ
΢΢һΣȡڰλĳ»ն¹֮ǰһǻȭ»ն֮ϡ
»ն°ǰԵ׵ֱ֮ը÷顣
ͷſһ磬һ̫һ»նдϰֱӾ˽ȥ
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ҹһĻһĬģһɫĹâҫһ±Ϊһͷͷۣ߳׵Ķͷ۾ħ
ҹ仯γɵĶ۾ħֱ֮ϷֱŽƿ׹⽣ꪡѷ絶նܡɽر
رʿԸλǿڵıʿܹ֮˴ʿʳѹλ棬رû
ʿҲǲ֮λ֮𾴡λߵĴڡħҩʿλʿҲҪѷһ
رϵرλ滹һʣͽڲ֮λرҲʮ
ľԭĹľԭȻΪ»ʿҲûкʵر
ҹҲ֮һ֮ķǧʱ֮λеʿƳر
а֮жȻһצҹıץȥ
ȥ
ҹһŭе׹⽣޾׹һն£նаϣ׹ҫͷаֱԡ
ɽŷɽһаıϣһа飬·ɽ
ǻһ̣һޱȵɫȻӿķакȵ
ӵʵаҹһѾشòֱ
ֻһѪɫĹâ˷עаĲк֮ڣһ֮䣬ٴγһͷа
ԾʿΪĶԴаʹߣʿҲkǡаʹѲĵط
ǻеſһ磬һϢȻһҹȥ
ҹǽնһϢһǽն֮ϣǽɫĹâֱӵס
ſһ磬һ̫Ȼ
ҹǽƿһתֱ̫ա
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ҹһӻ񱩵ĻȻЩֱִӷաٴһеѿյޱȵķнøӵʢǻʹ֮ڣ˷ϯȥ
һĨ֮ɫǿǰ벽ʿĿֲڣʹ֮ڣȻһģսĴ»ʿаһǣƣе򼡢ľԭֻ¶Ķ֣
ֳرҹͬһ𲻰ܵħһ㣬ĻĴ»ʿǿߵΧ
ϧôǿҲֻ·һ
΢΢һΣһ˳ǧ֮⡣
Ԫڵǿ˺߻һƬƣҹĶ۾ħȥ
һâǧſ˷ֵǿ˺ֱӱ顣
ҫǧǿ˺ٴαն顣
񱩵裬֮ǿ˺һ׹˴֮ϡ
ҹôǿ˺߷·ɱ֮һԴԴϵӿõkɱ
޴ıը֮ڶҹ𼸺ûдϢʱ䣬ÿһ̶ҪķѴݻٳǧǿ˺ߡһkиͻᱻǿ˺նѳһ˿ڡ
Ǹ򣬿ռżһҲûֹͣҹȥóޱȣ;ɿʧš
棬ɸҹƽһսЩеҵʲôӢۺúսħڵĵӣѵͲӢ۵һս𣿡
һޱȵ׹һޱȵ˷ȥ֮ǧǿ˺ֱըɷ顣ͬʱ׹֮Уҹķ֮
׹ʧ֮ǻ˺۵ҹ˫ѾԶ֮⣬һǼս֮ϵ濴ȥ
벽ʿǿǿޱȣ֪ǿߵĶ֣ȻԸս֮ϡҹֱɱˣǲ
浭ûõģҹʤΪ߿ܡ֪ڲĶ֡ҽΪ»ʿ֮󣬲ʮİն׼ԣֻܹûе㣡㰲Ϣɣ


489 ҹ
ҹһĨ֮ɫһɫĹâȥ
һ͸ķһµҹǰֱһն顣
Ƿո飬һεķٴεҹǰ
аȻ֣֮һצҹץȥ
ҹٶһסһֻаצӡ
ǻеûһβͳҹ֮ϣֱӺ׹䵽˻ʹ֮ڡ
ǻʹ֮ڱ鲼󣬾ҹǰ벽ʿҪߣҲҪʱ䣬ȴԲߵʱ䡣
ټǿ˺߳ûһնʱҹ֮նٵ˿ڣѪĽ
ҹһһ׹ҫһ裬ټǿ˺֮ϣЩǿ˺һһ顣
ҹ˫۳죬һΣޱȵϢ֮ĿһͷеϣɢΣյĹâ
Ҫƴ𣿾ɱңҲҪƴɱҼ𣿿ϧƴҲ첻
Ȼҹͷе˲ԭطɳңңҹʱʱһϢں̫ңңҹ
ǿ˺ߵսͬڻһǰ̵ҹȥֹҹϣҹ
ҹһĨѾƴնɱеͷ򼡣ڵǰǿ˺ߣƴҲûһնɱǻе򼡣
Ǽս֮иҹ𵭵ҹʵҺ㣬ңԻȥ򣬽ڣ
ҹһĨȵҪҳ㻹ʸ񣡳ҹƽһսڹƽһս֮ʤҡ²Ը⳼㣡
һЦŶô˵ˣˣˣһ壬Զ֣ȥ˺ƬŮų֮һ˵ҹ»ʲô³ҲӦú۰ЩŮǻ䵽ʲô³ҲɣϾļɲ
ҹԶʱ׹ߣĬһᡣ
ʤΪΪܡ֮ưԷɣδ½Ƿɣδ½Ĵ֮һҹΪ֮ĹΪֱͬӴЩ֮³Ϊңҹһ뵽Լļ檺Ů־أб㲻
棬ֻҪӦҾԸ⳼㡣ͬľԭһ㱻½ơ
ҹҲһһ¾Ͳ³ľԭǱʹķơ
˵һ֣Щǿ˺ֹͣסһԻĶҹ
һҪΪһǵļҾ졣ΪҶģҲϣǵļҾ³ҡ
ڶҪȢҵŮҹΪޡҹԶԶǼս
΢ϵͬˣ
һ벽ʿͶ֮Ҳ˳֡һɣδ½֮ӵĪ
ҹһرڵķֱ˵ϣͬһаһ㹧ݼϣ
ҹȻ֮Ĺڳݸа񣬽а֮ʱͬҲڵϣȡаʽز٣аͲ
水һťһǼս֮зɳɵ˻ʹϷֱɢһһӵĽɡ䵽˵ϡ
һܼܹ̻ǰӣȡҺ̬ҩһעҹڡ
һǿޱȵҹӿ˲Ϣ֮㽫ЩҺ̬ҩͳͳɱ
Һ̬ͳͳɱ뽵ĿҺ̬ҩЧ
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ʿΪԽǿҲԽǿܹﵽʿʵ۵Ǹ磬һ涾ֻһЩֵĶϵ츳ܲп˵kǡ
ϣа취ǽ壡
ҹҲоڵı仯ֱͳһƿħҩһں¡
һƿħҩһ壬ҹǰ벽ʿĿֱֲʧҲ·һ±˼֡
ǹֱ̻ǰҺ̬һעҹڡ
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һΣҹǰɱ棬ľԭʳ֮ڣűƵض޷ѣղűѹҹ벽ʿʵ㱻ΧҲߡ
ҹ֮ĹȻλߵ̬˹ϵѡ
Һ̬ҩȫʴҹеɱȫʧǿ˺˵ء
̻ѸٵӿЩݻٵǿ˺߲кռ͵֮нл¯졣
ǷǼսɵʹϿգһâһգ㽫ҹֱӾ룬˽֮ڡ
ҹһǼսڲǳƻ÷ĸһĨ֮ɫս޽ڲҼرȫͬսħڵ洫ӣ
ҹǶڽϵǰϣҪ棡
ʲô£˵
ҹһĨ֮ɫܲº룬۲ʶ̩ɽðϡºĲԼɸĽѾǰ˵أٹһ£Ǿͻִɣδ½
ҹºǿ߻֮ɱŸаաһµʱ䣬ȫƽ֮
ҹҲǼϲòȴû뵽³
Ƴҹһۡ
ҹæʱȻϽЩնɱ
ЩĵͷҹӦڣǸʲôˡ
ҹϣô׽ܲҲԭġ챳Ϊ򵥣ӵ溣Ĵܴڡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ʮаλ溣а𣿡
аλ֮λ漫ΪңԶλ溣һ֮λ棬ǰ˴ʿʵµĽ֮ǰ޷١ֻҪ治ǰаλаλ溣а޷Խɱ
˴ʿʵ֮λ֮ǿĽ磬˶ر̽⡣һλ溣ûоɽ֮λ棬ͻᱻЩر֪ȫЩرƿ֮Уλ溣ײήٲ֮λ档


490 ܲ
ҹǣǲ֮λ溣ܡȻֻԼЩоûȷе֤ݡ
üͷ΢΢һ壺֮λ溣ܣ
溣Ĵÿһһ֧ʮ֮Ҳǿ֮С֮УĿǰ֪ǿǿ߱溣ǿߡ
һŵ溣ΪУǾԲһ顣
΢΢һת溣ôּĵ˾ôҲûа취ǽʦȥͷ۰ɡ
ҹʮֽƻҪûô򵥡ͻ֮׼Ļеܾű״
ã
ϣҹҹĵǱ֮
ʱţһµʱת˲š
֮Ķ
졢ʮ֮е»ʿʮ벽»ʿʹ֮ǰ
һһ׵Ĵʿǰȵǻʳصأֹɱۣ
ȡһѪɫľһΣһͷۣ񱩵Ķаľ֮зɳצһϢľ֮
ʿɫ䣬һ90ȣһԭǱĹͣǸ۲ʶ̩ɽţ
ǳŴ򿪣һоҡڵ˳ڽȥ
һ޳»ʿüͷ΢΢һɣδ½Ща񣬱Ǽҳ㷹֮¡ǽ֮ĻʳǲЩף
ɣδ½ĸŷаѾƬ»ʿ֪ʵĻʳЩ»ʿǶصǱ
΢΢һЦõģҹ𲻾֮ǰһսµ»ʿ˲ءֻһѡǵҹҪǣҲ첻ĻеѾٳ£˲ǡ
»ʿתһ룬Ҳȷʵˣ㲻ٶԡ
»ʿʮ벽»ʿټһ벽ʿĿֲڣһʿҲԿһ¡ҹ𷢷ʳʿҲ޷赲һ뿪
һķԸУòΪɧŮϴĵЦӭӯӯһݵǲǺӣڴ˵Ⱥλˡλ
΢΢ͷһ˱ǺӣĴ֮£һûʵĴ֮ڡ
Ǵĸ䶼һ¯һ˿˿¯֮
һŵǴ֮㣬һþһڵҲԾࡣ
ɨһ¯¶һ˿Ц⣬һŲ˴ȥǷɣδ½ز㣬ҹҲǼˡȻıдǡ
Ƿɣδ½زΪ֮ʱʹãͷѣɸ֪ʶƽʱҲСȵÿһֵֻʮħϣһмУ򵽡
һɨһۣ¶һ˿Ц⡣ҹȻóıдǣȻҲǼˡһڽ̸֮Уܹõ
һӵиѪķɣŮӴ֮һд˸Եϯλ֮ϡ
ޱȵʳͬˮһ͵ϯ֮ϡ
ÿһϲ֮ЩɣŮȳһڣʾ޶
һȻʮСĵʳԼЩɣŮʩչһⷨȷЩʳû֮ŴãЩζʳ
ûãһɫ磬üĿ续ʤѩɢŹŵϢʳľɫ˴һĨ粽˹֮ڡ
Щ벽»ʿǿ֮У˶ɫˣһḬ֮̃ɫ
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һĨҹֶŮ㸸أôǣ
ʮ̵죬λޱȣһôɣδ½ǿ߿֮ҲֻҹΪǵλ൱ʱҹȻӭǣȻΪ졣
ҹȻһЦҵĸдһλֻܹͣдλˡ
ʮֲһʲôͣȻǻҪҪ
ҹȻһЦսħڵ洫ˣҲδķˣ
д󾪣תڵȴֵķԼڵȻһ˲ʧӰ١
ǿҲһɫ䣬ڵȻͳͳʧ
ɫ԰ףһĨͲʵ¶ʲôʱ˶
ҹȻһЦͺ㾨ľͽһһħҩͻһĲƷһ֮ڽʿеͳͳѹƣ塣ǻһ֮ڣʧȥе죬ǵָһĪĺôⲢǶҩⶾصķҲκá
ҹΣ˵۶ˣϴŵЦ⣺ҸѾˣǼҪһݴȡ˵УλʮָлܹΪǼ׸˵
һңжžͲġ
һҧһһöӣһǿޱȵĿռ֮ʱ֮ϡ
һâҫ֮ڵĿռһƬң΢΢һŵĿռ֮ȫʧ
ûõģ򻪵Ѿſǿķ硣ʿǿԳ֣ûܹȵǣ
ҹ˫ģһӴźɫеĽȻһӿ»ʿֱӰڵأε
ڣ»ʿǿһܹɱЩȴֻܹƾ׸εеرԼѳʲôûʣ¡
˲ҹŮȻϻ۹ˣ
һԣһ˿Ц⣬˽Ըһҹ
Ѿи֣׼ΧɱǿߡҹȴʩСƣ㽫»ʿȫܣֶҲĿ࿴
ҹ΢΢һЦϣҶѡЩǴһƲǷɣδ½ˡ̫Դ󣬲ŻмƱܡ
ҹ´һĨ磬ǰĶӯӯһݵˣ
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濴ͬһһɢһ㾧Ө󡢹ŵϢɰҹ£۾΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц
ҹŲǿһָȻһЦΪ׼ɻϲ
ɨ˲һһ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼϲ̫ˣ
һ졢ʮ֮ƿأôͻܹƸԴѹ


491 ħ
򻪵ڣ֮ϣһˣҹ¡ҹ𡢽Ƿֱ֮
浭죬˵ɣʲôڱ֧㣿
챾벻𣬿ȴܿƵĻشϣūҲ֪һΪܵ֯ū֮֯󣬻֯طʹսΪ»ʿ֯ūֻ֪һħӵ溣ܴڵ֯ʵΪǿ󡣡
΢΢һħࣿʿʳ֣
֮λİ˴ʿʳ֮Уһʿʳʿʵ۶޾ţ޵УѹλĴڡ
ǰ˴ʿʳ֮У˵ڰʿʳʿʵ۳֮֮⣬ߴʿʵ۸ֲ֮ǿϾߴʿʵ֮ʱѹλ棬ܹ֮档
ħǵʿʳ֣Ǹ֯ʿʳħʳϵĻô֯ʮֿ¡
ħʳرǿħʳʱʿոµǿرħʳʱǰ˴ʿʳ֮ڡ
׷ʣȴֲ֮֯еλߣ֪ĶҲʮޡҪ׬ȡԴ䣬ħ֯͹ȥ
֮ԻΪħ֯ӵ溣ܣΪħָ֯ʾҪռ溣Ҫĸ
溣Ҫÿһֵǣ޿ɹ˼㡣ǧҲռʮǺķѵԴ»ʿȫ»ʿӵ溣ܣͨѾ˼ռ溣Ҫĸϡ
ҹЦʵˣʲô㣿
һĨâȻǰĺһͬ£ԭ֮Сͳͳҵƿ֮У˳߲
ƿصԽ࣬ӵеԴŻԽࡣҪڽǰλݻΪһ磬֪ҪĶԴδ½λټϷɣδ½֮֮ṩԴȻԶԶ
ҹ֮һĨϲ֮ɫ޵ҵķˣȻӢۺ
ҹ³һĺĹһΪʮֽƻҪƭĺЩѣĹľаȻֻ»ʿڵΪȴ뿪ʹ֮ڶ֣ȫ԰Ŵ̿ͽȥӵһ֣̿ͣȥɱλһĺֿɵá
΢Ц̿ң
ҹ΢΢һȻôǵļƻҪһˡɱһ̫󣬲ɹʡɲܹðķա
浭һЦô鷳ֱҵĻеɱȥǡģͳͳɱˡ
ҹһ뵽Ǽ޾ĻеţҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣ӵǿѹȥ
֮İսγɵӴеγɵƼȫ֡
֮УҷǼսǼս֮ϵ̨һη֮⡣
꺣һǼս֮зɳľа֮ǰͣ
ǰڴ˳ľалµĺ⡣ڱֻ޷ǰ깱һɣΪ޷ǰ񡣡
꺣ɫһ䣬ȵ󵨣ȻΥµ
һâҫҷǼսâһһһǰڵһʿȥ
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һºǸ֮ϣ׾ٵĽǷᴩһʿ֮ϡ
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һ춯صľ֮һߵʿֱӱ÷顣
ǿ˺ߡռߡ쫷ߡߵսһӿǰڡ
һâҫһһʮ׵аȻɳЩǿ˺ɱһ
аһһӵдʿսĳҲ㾡һ֮˶ʮΪɱﵡ
Ƕʮаſһ磬һööаǵĿЩս˺ȥ
һͷǿ˺߱һöаһ䣬ķֱӱȻа顣
һֱͷаһǹȥһöһºͷаߵ֮ϣͷаֱѹһͬһɽһ㡣
ǿ˺ߴӶеսһն˲佫ͷаֱն顣
Ƕʮа߾һ֣Ǻηǿ˺Χ֮£˲ءϵļ١
ǰڣ˳ľаޱȵ̫֮
һâҫһͷ峤ߴףֻǣޱȣɢſֲɱӵ»ʿڵĳаȻ˰ڡ
аҲа΢һȼû̫ǿ츳ܡǿʵԼǰʿֶ֧ĲԣȻõkΪһޱȵս
Ȥаһаɣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬һΣͷаǰһһȻ֣ǳаһӡ
ǳ֮зһ²ڳа֮ϡ
ӵмǿԵĳаӡķΪЧ
һ֮ڣľааʹ߳аѹһĨ֮ɫ
Ȼ֮䣬˷·Լļ԰֮УӴ˽
ľаһˣɫʱ䣬һĨ֮ɫʧ桢ҹ𣡣
ɨ˳ľаһ۰ʮľаҸһᣬóȫʵһսʤˡ뿪˵أˣͱ볼ң½ƣ
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ӹһĨأһɫսħȻ֣һ׺ɫս֮ϡ
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ʿǵʮǿ»ʿʿ屻飬Ҳֹͨķ˳ľаҲ˿û˼
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һЦһתһǻȭգ˳ľаĸһȭľаһѪݺݵײǹǽ֮ϡ
ҹһΣĳڳľаǰһ㣬ָһµ˳ľаü֮ϣγһӡһ·˳ľа


492 ĺ
ľаһӡһΣЦʵȻǿҳľаˡ˷ֿ͵Ͷ
Ǵ֮аسһǣˣ
ľаһС
ƽ˰¶ʮսڰά򣬼ӴĻе֮ĺķȥ
ֻҪĺƽԭ֮һСҲֻͶķݣҲûһп֮
İٶе֮ĺĸм΢еֿĳмǼսֱ㽫ǳĵֿȫ顣
ӴޱȵĻеһ·ѹֱĺĶĺ֮ǰ
꺣һǼս֮зɳĺһɣ֮ǰͣ
һЩĺĶĺڴĺѾǱ֮ҪǰǻҪʹ֮
һŰɫۣòӢһư̤նУĻе˿壬Ǳ֮ʹɣ㣡ĺһѾͶҹĺѾұ֮棬ǸĺǱ֮ΧҶĺһëұ֮ΪУ
ĺ֮ڣһŴԣ¶һ˿ЦĿյĻеš
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Ƕʮ»ʿ֣һʿҲһսһɲð֮踶
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һǼսڵĹâһºɣ˲佫ֱĨȥ
һһǼսڵĹâһºһߵʿ֮ϣӲĽһߵʿȫĨȥ
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ҹ𿴵һƬƬѪаγɵƣüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫѪа𣬺öѪаĺĵ𣿹Ȼ򵥣
ѪаһаѪаҲѪаһʮγɵѪаͿԽѪаһ𣬿Կ»ʿǿߡ
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ĸײ֮зŵʬĺʬ壬Щ»ʿǿߡǵʬ徭֮ѾΪа塣ֻһʱ䣬Ǳ仯γɵаͻ᳹׵Ļҷ
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ĺ߹ľԭҹ½ֱ࣬ӵӴޱȵĻеű֮ķȥ


493 
Ǳ֮֮һӵ֣ĺǷ֮֮еսʮ־裬ɳʿǰĺڵĵطżӡ
˫һɣɫ԰ףһǰʵʲô˵ĻеžȻѾǳ
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Ļеܾž˵Ϊ˹ĺһʧʮеܡĿǰĻеܾŻʮ򡣡
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ʱڴ֮ڣһɽŵա
һСӳ공ľѾ棬ǵֻʣ¹϶ˣ£ٲͳˡ飬Ǳ֮һս


494 ֮
һĿӳľСǶȫսʤˣҲǲʤ֮֮ԲŹǸǵĴûᡣǰˣԸֻǱ֮ڣ
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ڷɣδ½֮ĴʧսҲѾ֮ޡֻѾľԭ֮潨Щݻٵս˶֮л¯졣ͬʱӶδ½֮УԴԴϵĽ˹ŸһɱľС
ûӴޱȵս˳䵱ڻңǿҲԲóȻ֮ս
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ź׵һЦȻǡǿʥҫ֮϶֮֮е⡣ǿ棬Ҳ޷Լʥҫ֮ĺ֮֮Ҳͱ˵ɵѣֻҪǸһۣǾԻͬΪǽе⡣
źһĨâ治ܵ⣬ôĴȫԽڷɣδ½֮ϵͳͳݻ١
ʢһĨ˵úãô죡
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һ֮ϣΧħγһֲޱȵУÿһתͷħֱڡ
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һ̬ʵǴ֮ս𣿡
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Ǳִ֮һս˵ٺòȫһٽ֮ݻ٣ձ֮еԴ㱻ݻսˣǼսȫݻ٣ֻҪܹɵ֮ʧȫԽܡ
Ǳ֮һʥҫ֮֮֮ǰ⣬ȻǿҲò˼С
аԼĻеżһ·»ʿһٴݻٱ֮ͬʱ뱱֮֮֮ʥҫ֮Ĵͬʱսȴʤ㲻ߣʤˣҲǲʤµĸҪ߳ϡ
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ܹɣδ½ȫУɣδ½ԴͲҪȥطѰԴɣδ½֮пһʱ䣬ֱܹӽΪ»ʿ
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ʥҫųλʥҫ֮ʥҫ֮רſٳ̸һ޴С
ʥҫų֮Уûκη硣һʹʲô飬ĹҲߡ
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һһͬܵӡϹһһֻǣϱ鲼ƣһӡгӣȴһԼʮ꣬ʸ߹ȴȻһ˿ΪŮ
֮Угӣֻһʿ֮⣬˶ǰ벽ʿĿֲǿߡ
Ĺͬʥҫ֮Ĺֻʥҫ֮ĵϵѪܹ̳Сгӣվһݲϵ»ʿڵǿߡ
Ϲɨ˱ʢһۣһЦʢ˵Ǳ֮仨ˮֻʣ¹϶Ҳ̫Ǳ˰ɣҼǵãǱ֮ǺųƷɣδ½һǿôúþսһǷɣδ½Ǳ֮ˡ
һϷʵĿ⼯˱ʢϣĴ֮ĹϵΪӡ̫죬в̫ǻеŷ·ɱ֮һ㣬ļҾԻּ潫֮
ʢұ֮ȷʵĶ֮֡ȥԣܹ֮棬ӽұʢͶϹ˱ᣬΣ


495 Ķ
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ĻеŸĹѹ˼㣬ѹǶűǰӣһ
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ȻҲ뵽һ㣬һ᳡֮֮ĿʱʱĽһȴû˵һ㡣
гӣȻĺħ裬֮ϴһ˿ǳЦĿ֮乴Ķǡ
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ֻһǿʿڣΪǿߣӵҲǰ벽ʿǿߵĶ֡
ҹһǰ˵أʢЩ벽ʿֱӷֱӳֽɵ
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浭Ҷѣ
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һ˫ۣһָһˮƾն֣ݺݵĳˢ壬֮еͳͳϴɾһźɫˮֱӶһߡ
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΢΢һ㾪ϲķʾȻΪһħ裬һ½7µȣ鲻Խ׷ʵ
ԽԽѾûڷɣδ½֮Ū˲ٿʿʵħҩȴûһħҩЧһħܹ7µȣֱ˼㡣
ɣºһЦҶƳɵħ衣
΢΢һҶƳɵħ裬Ȼֱ
ɣͬһʱһkҶʿʣޱȡkطȥ֮תΪ࣬ʿʵħ֮ԡħ֮Ϊʿʵ֮ǰkܹǵʿʵħ֮һΡ
ջǱʿʵħ֮նɱk֮ҲʿʵۿƳһر
ԺҶƳɵħͼҲֻзɣⲻ֪˶õϹŶһЩ
ɣ΢ЦҪϲҾһˡһҶƳɵħ裬ӦÿԽ7ϵȡ
һĨϲɫлʣҪΪʲô
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һӹһŽɫƤʱһһĨ֮ɫǵʿʳ֮ħ֮طħ񱦵䣡
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ץһݽɫƤһĨ˷֮ɫмޱȵл
ħ񱦵ǵʿʳ֮ħ֮һžطǲ֮λ繫ǿİ˴󱦵֮һ˿ɱ䡣
ʿʳ֮ħ񱦵Ҳս֮б˸ԶȥѾʧȥ汾սħ֮ڣħ񱦵Ҳֻаļء
ħ񱦵طȫԳΪһǿʿŵĸ֮һϾطȫħ񱦵طҲлΪһʿϣΪһʥʿ


500 Ի͹Ŷ
ħ񱦵˵ҲʮҪѾ˻粻һŽ֮꿪طһ޹ħ񱦵䡣Ϊħ񱦵طеĽɱȴһŲȱط
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ħ񱦵һĵۼط֮λ֮Уͬʮǿӵжಿۼط󲿷ֶǲȱĵۼط
һĵۼط溣ĴܶΪ֮ĶЩ溣ĴȻ׵ĸıԼطħ񱦵֮ҲԽ飬ͬʱܹ޳ħ񱦵֮мŵļǿĹɱطǵսøǿ
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Ƿɣǻ˲֪ϹʶΪԨǵkԸȥ壬תΪʿԼܹΪ֮λǿ֮һڵkָ֮£֮⼸ӭж⡣
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ǹ㳡һ̨֮ϣӣֻзɣδ½ܹ档
һ֮ϣ·Էɣδ½ʿǣЩпΪ֮ĹֻҲվ·ΪһǰԻ͹Ŷɱݡ
˾֮Ĺ𣿺ᣡ
Ǿ֮棬һ죬һȡ֮
ǻ̫ʥԪ棡ֻǿʿڵΪ̫ڵʥԪҲûʲô˲ģ

ǹ㳡·ЩʿǵĶ棬ĹâЩɣδ½ʿŵǾηͼɵ֮ɫЩԷɣδ½֮ʿǿ棬һĨм֮ɫ
Щӷɣδ½֮ǰʿÿһʿ溣ܵĺʶԨޱȡһŷɣδ½ʿͬڿһȺһ㣬֮г
Էɣδ½ʿʿҲμķֳȺ໥֮ûκν
һһ£ĻԸУ˾һŻһ㣬ҫ۶ĿһɫβףȴһľɫŮɨһЩмǾսħڵ洫棿ǿʿڵΪȻҲܹΪ֮Ĺɣδ½ûʲô˲š
һľɫŮǴ֮һʿıŮޡ
һһ£׵ɨһۣӹһĨʵʦãǽһ˿֮еıˡǿ֮ĴУͳΪ溣ˡڻһǿʿһ
ŰµӾĴһ벽»ʿǿߣһΪ֮λϵ棬гĽͼʡ
һŻ£쵰޳Ůһ˿ΣܹߵǸλϡʮֲ򵥣ɣδ½Ȼֻһδ½˲ŻһЩġ
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֮УȻһһŤģĹųӰȻ֡
Ƿɣ֮һɫĹâû˹ųӰ֮ڣһɵĵ·֡
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ǻԻ͹Ŷڷɣδ½֮еͶӰֻܹһٸˣһٸ֮󣬵·ͻرա
ӵʥʿϵǿʵпӲʱһͨԻ͹Ŷͨ
ոһһռ䲨ҫһûлʸǿʿȻͨǰֱͨӷȥ
ͨԱߵҹâһţһץһֻ޴Ĺצһץǿʿͷ­֮ϣһ󣬱㽫ǿʿԴֱ󱬡
һĻЩԭΧǿʿһ侲
ҹƽޱȵ˶һ룡춯ɱۣ
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һͷǿʿϹźӵǿʿڵΪʵ֮ͬҲǿһУǿʿڵʿֻ»δͷϹźĶ֡
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浭һЦһһռѷȻ֣һźɫϢֱǿռѷ֮ڡ
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һӣ㽫ͷϹźʬ˴ָ֮ڣȻȡһȶԾŰװֱ֮
Ծ֮󣬹âһȻûκζ
һĨϧ֮ɫϧ޷ʹԾšȻĻҾֶһء
ǻԻ͹ŶʹԾţһǲԼĻеŽԻ͹ŶΪСһǻԻ͹Ŷ֮ڵӴԴȫں̵ܶʱ֮»ʿ֮
ʱ򣬾͸ˣ
һؿڵĴԪ£һâҫһֱߴ׵ĶƶװҪȻ֣֮С
ָ״Ȼ֣˷ɨȥÿɨ赽ǿĳ֮󣬾ͻܹᷴ档
ǶܹҲݷĸ鱨ѸٵĽлܷѡЩĳֲ


501 ɺ
Ի͹Ŷ֮ڣӵĳֲƸϡħҩ೬ֲһۡ
һЩĳֲͻս˴ƶװҪ֮зɳǰȥݿ֮мصķɼЩֲ
һ֮ڣͼƬ󳬷ֲɼһգֵ󳬷ֲֵʮħȫƶװҪԼǧս˵ҹͣõĳɹȻҲԻ͹Ŷ֮ӵеĳֲ̫йء
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ƶװҪĿ̫󣬴ģշеĻ಻Ҫ鷳
֮һɫϼȻһɽڶֱ
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ֽһ弶ʬⶪ˴ָ֮ڣתǳɫϼڵķȥһĨ֮ɫһΣһǳɫϼڵķȥ
һӽһɽĸ֪һǿޱȵϢ˷߸ȻҲΪǼı
һһƬ峺ޱȵĳ֮ǰ
ǳˮ峺ޱȣȴ·ףһȥ·ز޾ĺڰ֡
ǳһͨڵһ˿˿ɫǺɫ֮ϣǺɫ֮вӿ֣ſųɫλ֮žŵɫϼ⣬֯γһɫϼֱ֮
һǳɺʱһһĨ֮ɫɺʥıԻ͹Ŷ֮УȻıֱˣ׷ʱ֮ʮʥʿ֮һ
ɺһʥıǳɺӿԴ˽ޣһ߼ϵȵʿͻƼޣﵽʰ˼µȣҿһֱã˵ʴﵽ˼ϵȡ
ڲ֮λ֮УʵʿѾš߼ʵʿǳšڰ˼ʵĴڣҲֻԪʯѩЩƹһĴڡ
˴ʿʵ֮У֮kҲͨóɺľһԼʣսԼ9ϵȣųΪʿʵۣ˵ڶʿʳ
Խ棬ҪԽΪѡɺǲ֮λ֪Ĳʮܹ˽ޣһ7ϵȵʿ8ϵȵıֱ溣ĴҲᶯġ
Ȼ֮䣬һɫĵϢĴӺ󷽵һСǿʿֳһɫرһžϢֱնȥ

汳·۾һ㣬һȭ·һ㣬˲ǿʿԴ֮ϣһȭͷǿʿԴֱӺ䱬˷ȥ
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ԭһĳˮϣһ¶һһ£ûһ˿Ϣʿӳ˫֮ͫϡȻʿûǳɺֱߡ
涢ǿʿĿ˸һ£ûκж
ʿǳɺʮ׵ĵط֮ʱԭƽ޲ĳȻһˮһɫû۾ͬһĳӳ֮еſһҧһھͽʿУһҧǸʿ㱻ֱҧ顣
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һЦʩչսħطһ׺ɫսֱӸϡһαǳɺӶȥ
һɫͬһĳٴδǳزֱҧȥ
治ܣϵսħһµһ׵ĺɫС
һɫĹâɱͬһĳͷֱն롣
һ³ǳɺ֮ǰһץһɺӳ֮һ³һ³һڶǳɺʶ֮еİλ֮ڡ
һˮ֮һǳ֮ϣǳ֮егˮͳͳһǸλ֮ڡ
ʱڵİλһ¶һ峺͸ĳǳΧǶͼħǳ֮һɺ
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չ֮ŪֵϵħҲֻһǧϵħ֪
ϵħôҲԲɺᲢۡǳɺмУ溣ܶĶıǲУſļ۸
һЦҸһϵħȥһɺҡ
޽ޱȵǰ½֮Ůޣҵ߼ϵȡֻһܹ˽ޣӵа˼µȵʡǳɺҺҪңҸһ׷ҵĻᣡ
ʿ֧һȷɣδ½Ҫ޴Ĵδ½Ժ½֮½֮У֮ŮһǿԽħĸףҲ߼ϵȵʣ֮еšӱָʹĵʣһ׷ĻᣬѾʮ˲ˡ
޵Ļ΢΢һ㶣¶һ˿ЦݵҶûȤ
΢΢һ㶣֮һӿһ˿˿ŭ⻹ǵһ˸Ҿܾ
棬ǻԻ͹ŶûĻеţҲûҹİ벽ʿػ㡣
ѵҪҵĳɺ
ûʵֳرȡ֮Ȼ㲻Ը⽻ɺôǾûбҪˡ
޵˺˼˺ûκιϵ붯ֵĻҪǡ
һǿޱȵľһ棬ɱ
һԲ֮λ治ͬطǿʿһֳΣΧסߴʮ֮ࡣ


502 ɱ
ЩԲͬطǿʿ֮ǰһֱ˼ӵ벽»ʿһСһѾ޹أǾҲ˼ɣһǿʿڵʿǸ
һһ£ӵǿʿΪӴŰǿʿǰ̤һĵ棬ȵɺļգ
ȻһЦɺֻһ䣬ȴʮˣô֣
һʮǿʿ໥һۣһĨ֮ɫʮеǿʿ΢΢һʩչطһٴʧ
ʮеǿʿûΣȴͬΪһûеĶʱܸЩʿһ
ǲдǿʿһγ岦ˣӵһԼγɵһʵҪǿöࡣ
Ҳһ㣬໥֮һ½ӽԼǺһнŶš
ʿЦһȵɺȴֻһ䣬ȴоſšһϣɱˣõľſƽ䡣һϣɱ˭࣬ȻֵõҲԽ࣡Ȼһ뿪ЩһΧ͵ȫɱ
һ༸ʿһĨâĶ棬ɱ硣ǵʵȫʿе顣
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һĨЦô㽫ɺ𣿡
һмĿһ´˷ӿϡ
浭һúƽϲ޹ɱˣͬһϲΣնɱҡ֮еˡ˵Щ֮ǰ߻üҿһǲӣôȻɱǵʱҲԲ顣
ʿʱЦΪ˭һǿճڵʿȻҲҴԲѣҪɱǣǲ֪ߵغĴҲһĳδ½֮гưԵģһԴˣָľ
ÿĴжʮˣ»ʿҲδǵĶ֡ȻҪɱǣǿ


Χʿһ¶һ˿Цݣ׷׼
ȴȻü΢΢һ壬ӿһɲԤУȵǳ
ϣͷҲصĻһԶȥ
÷Ҳԥĸ޵뿪˵ء
΢΢һת֮䣬Ҳһθ޵ֱӷȥ
޺ӵǿʿΪ״ԥһ£ɨʿһۣһ̾ϢһΣ׷ȥ
ǳɺãҲҪȥܲСûޡ÷벽»ʿǿѹǿպڵʿ޷Щʿ档
Щ޵뿪ķһۣһɨ㷢ֳһ֮⣬˸ûһ뿪ʿҲԶζһߡ
ȻǲƲģȻˣͳͳȥɣ
Ļ֮ûȫ£һռ䲨ӿǺʿһȭʿԴ֮ϣһȭǺʿԴ䱬
޶ȱɱˣ
޶ȾȻɱˣ
˭ôɱ޶ȣǿճڵʿ𣿡

һ𺧵Ŀصĸ֮ϡ
ʿ޶ȣĳδ½֮Ҳպյǿߣеǿʿʮǿ߾ȻɱЩʿһĿɿڴ
һɱ޶ָ֮һţת߾طɫ֮зɳһޱȵĻ籩Χһ
޶ߵİǿʿɫһ·仯Ϊɫȼϣɫȼյøʢǿճڵʿֱӱճɻҡ
ǿʿһ߲ҽУһʩչطֵɫķա
һӵǿպΪʿɫȵһϣɱħǶᱻɱģ
ЩǿʿһʼĬģʼ׼һǿķ
ѪʿֱѪ֮еΪһͷߴ׵ľˡһͷϹŰһͷߡһͷʯǡһͷԨħ
һͬһֱӺ
תռ䷨һָһռѷȻַ֣ȫɡ
һ̣ǿռѷȻǿֵɫǿʿǰһֱӺǿʿһһ顣
΢΢һΣԼͷϷһ̤Ǿͷһ죬Ǿ˵ͷ­ֱͬһըһöǿ֮Ĵָ֮ڡ
һٴȻ˲䱻ǿռѷɣʿϣʿֱӺɱ
һʿҶԼĵóɣȻĻǶֻ·һ
ʿδ䣬ʿ׵Ŀ֮УһȭԴֱӺ䱬
ͬɱһɱЩǿʿЩǿʿжӿһĨ⣬׷ʩչط˷ȥ
ӣ̫ˣ
һЦռ˲䱬һֽԲʮĵطȫ֡
ЩǿʿĿռ֮вϵĴȴֵķǾֱӷɵǰ
ӶȭͷһȭһЩǿʿһֱӴ򱬣Ƭ
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һǿʿһĨ֮ɫĬģһӣһŽɫĴɢޱȵĹ⻪ֱȥ
һŽɫĴҲһΪر̺ŷİһ´Ŀռһһ½ǽɫĴ֮ڡ
ǽɫĴһһ½֮Ԫи޷ʩչҪԪǿ
ر
һĨ֮ɫתսħطһɫдսħطĺɫ֮еһնǽɫĴ֮ϡ
һŽɫĴȻһ±֮һƮʮֹĶһ
һޱȵĵ⡢һҫޱȵĻǴƬռ򣬳ǽɫǣסʱһºϡ
սħ׺ɫĹâһޱȵĵ⵲סһҫޱȵĻҲڽӴսħ֮󣬱ֱ
ʲôطôǿ󣿡
սħطǸѵʮ֮սħڵսħط𣿡

ЩΧǿʿǼһĻ΢΢һжһĨ֮ɫ
һץųɫǿʿʮֹĳǰһȭǿʿԴ֮ϣһȭǿʿԴֱӺ䱬
ǿʿһһŽɫĴâһһУС
ųɫǿʿһռ֮еЩǿʿƴ˺һᣬһȫɱ


503 ѷϿ
÷͸һˮԶԶĿߣ֮һ԰ףг˺£ǿ̫ǿˣ
ɫҲʮѿгҡ޵ֱߣֻ´ʱ֮УҲһ
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Ի͹Ŷ֮ڣЩǿʿЩͬռ˲ٺñͼııͬŹǵı
תͷͬһ԰׶ˮޣ˫֮֮ɫʦõ츳Σո֪ȻΣգʱǶѾˡ
޲Ůҳ֮Ҳͬǿĳһ츳Σո֪
ֻҪһӵвȫΣռ٣޾ͻǰ֪ȷӦԡΪˣŻԼıŮǰԻ͹Ŷ֮ѰһԵ
֮һĨâȻɵʮǿʿʮɵ洫ӹȻȫǲݰ
Ǵʮɵ洫Ҳǰ½Щʮɵ洫ʵԶԶȲޣЩСˡ
÷һ̾ʮɹȻ鴫ǿʿڣܹɱʮǿʿһ࣬ǿ£֮УѾ۳£Ǽٵģ
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һʣж΢΢һȡ
۳ǿߣͬ޵Уǿǿߡ½֮磬ӵ½Դ֧֣Ȼû۳磬Ѷ֪֮
Ŀһ޵ϣһĨ֮ɫ֮У˵˭л磬Ӧþˡ
߼ϵȵʣսħҲ֮еšҪ֪˼ʵľǹһĴڡսħڣҲֻʯѩһӵа˼ʡ
Ȼ߰ɣڹȥĻҪɱˣǾ鷳ˡ
޳һᣬ΢΢ͷͬ顣ȻѾһɺ棬ȴҲԸðΣȥӴ档
ԶøַߵǿʿҲʩչԶȥ͵Ϯ˼
һԪ£ųһƶҪװأһɨ貨˷ɢȥѰΧı
Բʮ֮ڣûʲôĳֲȻ⸽ħܶǳɺȡһգŵΧ޷ĳֲ
ԽĳֲԽǿϡ١Щʥĳֲ֮ϲڵڶĳֲǻὫеգǵǿ
һɨ֮һܷɵ֮ϣŻԻ͹Ŷжȥ
һƬɽֻǻԻ͹ŶⲿҪˮĴܹԻ͹Ŷڡ
ѷϿǽ֮ɳĮıؾ֮·
ڵˣѷϿȣ֮ɳĮڡ
һѷϿ֮ǰŴϿ봵Ļɫ磬¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
֮ɳĮ֮ɽ֮Ԫ֮أĴǰԻ͹Ŷıؾ֮·
ȻĴҲôͨĵطÿһλԻ͹ŶгʮϵǿʿִܹԻ͹ŶÿһζʮˡԻ͹Ŷ֮ǿʿĪĺôʿҪԻ͹Ŷ
վסҪѷϿȣͰϵĴﱦͳͳ
һиոտѷϿȣʮǿʿϢȻӿѷϿΧӿֱΧסһСƼݣ·һһĺ°벽»ʿ˳ȵ
ɫ䣬ĿΧһɨ΢΢һݡΧʮǿʿ֮Уʮ벽»ʿǿߣǿʿҲǿպڡǿ۷ǿߡ
ʮǿʿʵԶԶǿһУȻһ򽾺裬ҲòǿѹסԼӡϾֻǽǴ
ȭһ½֮ʿ״λӣǹȥλ½һᾡдλλ˶飡
ʿ
ʮǿʿһͷʱɫ䣬һĨɵ֮ɫ
ʿϵ֮е鿹ǿڡǰλһɹԿһͬڰ˿ϵ
κһʿǲСǿڣkǵʵħʮǿʿֻҪһ֮
ʿɫһ䣬¶һ˿ĵЦݣԭʿ״ʧҽ³ţҷ½һɢޡܹţҵҡɣһúúһ໥ʶһ£ѡó·ǽȥΣӰɣ
ӹһĨ֮ɫ½֮УԱ֮Ҫͽʿͻ¶³顣
ͽһʿ״ӣЩɢ˵൱ڶһ̨ȻɢǰͽһС
ѹסеĲͷǿ¶һ˿ЦðɣҾ͸Ǻȼ
һǿʿһӣһͼֱӷɳһһ׵δͼзɳһһ˵ŮҲͼзɳ䵱ŮʮѸپͽһޱ̨ͤ
һĻ۾΢΢һ̾ͼûǾȻر
ͼһΪرͼӡһŮӵ꣬ƷɣľһıƳһ߾ŮӡͼСһҪᣬͿԽЩŮų䵱Ů
ͼرΪҪʹû˵̡̫꣬Ѿڴ֮бֹ죬ͼҲʮϡ١һͼҲ΢΢ġ
³źˬһЦƱһûʦֲţȻʶ㣡ͼʦϲȻ֮ҾͰ͸㡣ȸΪ
ɫʩչ˼ⷨǾƱ֮ϣǾƱ֮еûκ״΢ģһھͽǱֱ
޼Ҳʩչ˼ⷨǾƱʳ֮ϣȷЩƱʳûκ״֮ſʼò
³żһĻ¶һޱȵЦݣ΢΢һΣһơ
һɫâӱӰһڴȥ
ޡ÷һ¹âҫһʽķȻ֡
ɫĹâͬһ´һ֮ϣһֱӹᴩǵڡ
һɫӡһ˵еȫסǶá


504 浽
־ŭ³ţʲô˼
³¶һЦݣʲô˼㾹ȻôʣǴⲻˣҪϵıȻɱڣ
ݺݵвǸҶһëʦԲŹģһʿԻȫɱøɸɾһ
³һĨ̵ĹâЦɵǻԻ͹ŶÿһοǧǿʿҲɱ㡣ֻʶն֫㶪֮ɳĮʦͨռҲֻ㵽ڷ֮ɳĮļͬ飬湻֮Ҳȥ㣡
һ벽»ʿҲЦĿĶ޺÷ŮһĨа֮ɫ䳰ȷЩɵĴǽͷˡҲʲôط棬㣬Ϊһʦһóʲôǣֻǵˡ
һ벽»ʿһЦ˫֮аĹâĶޣŮƯӻǵһôƯŮʿŮӺȣûκζ
ޡ÷ʱߣͨһĨ֮ɫһ뵽ԼЩҵ³ͻ
԰ףв½֮ŮޣҪǰץȥҸ׻һ㹻ı꣬ǽ»ʿҲǲܡǸҶһëҵһὫȫնɱһ
³һЦ̫ˣΪʿǲűһʿҪⲻΪǻϵ𣿡
ʿ֮пħĿֲڡԻ͹ŶʥʿľܽɵıԸ³Ҳ׵޵˳֡
ʿҪ޴顣ʿ㼸ܹԴ׷鵽ǡǧ֮ңܹͨЩǿʿһһŪ
³ɨһۣ¶һаЦݵˣһȱѧУȻĸԸ½ƣҵĹҾ͸һ·㲻
ǿʿҲ¶һ˷ܵЦݣĶŶ񶾵Ĺâ
ʿЩɢ޳ѵǿʿΪĴڡڹȥ֮УҲǿѹܹĥ֮ӣ˷ޱȡ
һĨ־壬ʹͷһԲ֮ǰİ
СӰúܰȻ͸ȥɣ
³¶һаЦݣһץһֻδץһӣȻǰһݺݵһŲͷϣһļ
޴ʹһ´ȫ£Ť˫ֲϵ
³˷һЦ֮ԼĽǱһ˼Ϳ⣺ԸҵĹȥɣ

޾ʹһӽĿ־壬Ǿʹ֮Уһ˫ץס³ŵĽš
³΢΢һ㶣ȻЦʿ״ӾȻѧСȤ
ʿĵӣġ

ЩǿʿҲһ߲ϵĳЦ
֮һĨţ·ʲôһ㣬ȵôܹˣҲܹЩ
ѪӵŽ޾׵˫֮һĨ񣬴غޣұ죡ܾˣұ죡ұ죡
³һĨϷ֮ɫͬħһĿɳˣ˼ȻԸ⵱ҵĹŮ֮͸úһ¡
һĵãлʹ͡Ů˵ԣһֱĸײʿĻͶˡ
ޡ÷Ů֮ж˱ʧ֮ɫ
ŮӴһɫӣǶ˶һ˿øСǽıȴǵĺøȫ顣
³¶һ˿ħЦ⣬ɨһ۵ǼԸ⵱ҵĹĻҲһ
֮һĨ־֮ɫҧɱҰɣҵΪұģ
÷˫һգеĿ־;ڸס
ǿʿ˳Ĭ֮С
ڤ粻Ĵȥɣ
ǿʿǰһһЦһ̤һеǿʿͷ­֮ϣǿʿֱԴȱǵǿֱ֮˳
һĻһ£д˿־塣
³һָһĨаĹâŮģһ棡ǸŮģԼһ£˭ȻǱʱҿٷһ㡣
Ūˣ
³Ūˣһʬ񫣡

һԴЦëȻޱߵĿ־塣
Ȼ֮䣬һǿʿȻˣ
³Щܻǻȥ˰ɱˣҪӰӵ£
ҪɱңôǾȥɣ
һԵޱȵƬ֮лصһֻȭͷ˲һǿʿͷһȭͽǿʿԴֱӺ䱬һʳӰƬ
ʮǿʿʱ޵˶һߣһѸٵļӳԼϡ
Щɢ˵סԼǵһҪˣҲˡ
һӹһĨϣĿһӰˣ棡
÷֮ҲӹһĨ˷֮ɫ棡
Ӣ˲棬˫֮ޱȵļ֮ɫɶ񣡣Ȼ
ֻǿʿڵ棬ڣǱһȴڳɺ֮Уɱ䣬ǿ߷緶ԱȣԵǱ
³Ŷ棬üͷ΢΢һ壬ʲôˣ
æˣսħڵ洫棬ҲǷɣδ½֮Ĺ
³ɫһ䣬ֱһԭսħǸ̫ʥԪľ棬ʧɢ³ţˡ۲ʶ̩ɽʲô֮
³΢΢һЦޱȵֵܶһĽмӣ͸ֵܺȼʶһΣ
ʮǿʿһΧ˹ԼɢһѹȸУ·ʱᶯһ㣬һԿһ»ʿ
Ҫ棬ȴԼڲԣ񲨶Ҳ޷壬ֻܹнͬһľżһ㾲Ŀ³ƭ档
Щϣʶ
΢΢һЦսħطһ׺ɫս״ϡ


505 ɱ³
һʩչսħطָһţռ䷨ӿһռ侵ȻЩʿǵֱһӲĽЩʿֱӾռ侵֮С
һռ侵ǰһ֣ǿʿ޷֮ĳǰֺȭǿʿԴֱӺ䱬
һǿʿɫ䣬ʧеռ䷨򣡣˿ռ䷨ǿʿ
ǿʿһɫ䣬ӹһĨ־塣
ռ䷨յķ֮һʿ֮ҲֻЩŵʿܹһ˿ռ䷨Щʿżͬ޵еĿֲ
³ȵʹÿռҷƬռ䣡ռ䷨ޱȣҲֻһЩƤëˡֻҪռңĿռ䷨ͺ֮أ
µķչʿǵսҲḻޱȡλ֮Уӵͨռ֮ǿ󳬷ԸЩԲݿռ֮ĳֻҪʹÿռҷռңͿЩ޷ʹÿռ
˿ռҷʿһЩ溣Ĵ֮⣬޷Щܹտռ֮ĳ￹⡣
벽»ʿǿĬģһָһռ˷ɢȥƬռһ±ޱȡʿͨռ䷨ǿߣܹҵĿռ֮Уÿռ֮
ƬŤĿռ俴һ۱Ѿ޷ڵĲݿռ䣬׵ɱЩʿ
ʮǿʿһʩչطڵѪ֮仯γʮͷι״ӵвͬ츳ܵĳ
浭һЦĬģһָɫȻէ֣һƬޱȵĻ𺣴յĻ⣬Щʿϯȥ
ʿķֱɫһգֱӱǵҲڽӴɫһ˲䣬ɫ֣һƬڻȼ
һ벽»ʿɫ䣬Ĭģȡһöɫرһףһɫ֮ӿɫһ
ڣһɫ໥
˼رȻܹҵɫ𿹺⣬Ȼ֮λκһʿС
΢΢һ̾һΣͬһʹɫرİ벽»ʿһȭֱӽ벽»ʿԴֱӺ䱬
ͬһʱ䣬һֻɫĲӴһԷɳ֮䲻תȥ
һֻɫĲ棬³Ŵɱһ벽»ʿ֮õرֱӹʿ꣬»ʿûʩչķһ̣Ҳܴ
ĳһƣɫĲ֮ϡ
ʱһޱȵâûڡ
ֻ΢΢һ𣬷·ùشصһ£Щ΢΢һʹ
жʱӿһĨأֱӹرЩȻӵرܹСǡ
սħ׽˾ųϣ潫ǰλֲԼʶ֮ڣҲᱻش˲ᡣ
³żһĻһһĨ֮ɫȻסҵ棡սħڵ洫ӣȻǿز𣿡
һתĿһ³ŵϣɱһš
³ɫ䣬һԼϣһ»һƬޱȵ쫷磬Զȥ
һһͬһ³ŵǰһץ֮ӿ
ǿޱȵ쫷һŤڰֳ֮Ϊ³ŵΡ
³Ťغң
һͷ峤ߴףȼڻħǰһһȭ޾Ļȥ
飡
һ㣬һ̺ŷ֮ľתȻ֣ͬһĽһħһ
һͷ׸ߵħ˲ķѣأѪȼڵĻ档
³ſͷ벽»ʿħһķѣɫ䣬е棬Ը⳼㣬һһɣ֪һܣһ溣ܸۡܣ
һת绯һն׽³ŵ׼ն£Ȼ˳˴ָ֮ڡ
һϣɱΪ³ű𣡣
һ벽»ʿһһΣһɫԶȥ
ʵʿ֮⣬ʿһʩչطԶȥ
ӣ̫ˣ
¶һЦݣָһţ˾ת
һޱȵ쫷·֮ӿͬһ㣬ޱȵ˷նȥ
ǿޱȵľתն֮£һһʿֱն飬֮䡣
ֻ벽»ʿʩչޱȵطӲĴǾת֮ѣޱȵʧ
渺ֶȻûɱ⣡벽»ʿȻЩ£
ҧг˼ʣǿʵ̫ǿˣ
һУޡ÷Ůƽƽķɵǰһģһǿֱûǵڡ
öɫķħһ´Ůڼ˵ϡ
ɰ벽»ʿĿֲϢ𽥴Ů
ΣȻһЦ棬л־ǡ
÷Ҳмûʦ֣ʱǾͱǼ̣ˡ
΢΢һЦһָһǴô
üһ壬֮һĨ֮ɫȴһԥ
һ¹ڵϣ޵棬ޱȵϥе޵ǰͷʦãһжҵĴҲǱƵġҲĺ㣬һɡҽһʹǰǣͬŰ֮ϣһɡ
ޱѾЩİһ뵽֮չˣһı̫ʧˡӽͲ½ˡǰķϣҲɱ㣬ҹԽԶԽãҲҪҵǰ
÷üһ壬ȴȻĬ
΢΢һɣʹͷһĨԹ֮ɫǣǣ͹
濴뿪üͷ΢΢һҲûж˵ʲô
ӡԻ͹Ŷ֮ڣΣأʧȥҲһһľ档ӵҲĶ֡
޵棬ҵԻ͹ŶһΣڻԻ͹Ŷ˴ջŽʿһŻԻ͹ŶĵͼһԻʹʥصı⣬һȥ̽Ǹô
һãıô֣
΢Цֳɣ˷ɣһ˷ô
Ҳ¶һ˿Цݣã߰ɣ


506 ֮ɳĮ
һ̤֮ɳĮ㿴񱩵ĻɷһƬ޾ɳĮ֮зĺХɳγһһޱ硣
ǻɷϯ֮£ɳӵпȸߵӵʿһ֮ɳĮͻᱻɷɣһ顣
ǻɷɳ鲼֮ɳĮһУ൱ʱ޿̶һ߼ϵķһЩСһǿʿһ֮ɳĮͻᱻǻɷķɳ˺Ƭ
³ЩѷϿ֮еǿʿǲǰԻ͹ŶڲǸûκϣ֮ɳĮ
߼ϵķֻ൱һļ幥ļ幥ûֹͣҺǣȥʲôطܵ
ǰ벽»ʿ޾ļ幥ҲľȻ˺ɷ顣
ɨ޾ɷһۣתսħطһ׺ɫսȻ֣ϡ
񱩵Ļɷŵķɳսħطݻ֮׷ױɿ޷˺ֺ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ǻɷȻ޷սħ׶˺ÿʱÿ̶ĥսħ׵
ĿһԵŮһɨ
ֻȡһɫĺرһɾ޴֮ǻɫĺӿ÷ŮߵĿ硢ɳֱɣһγһޱȵѭ
޾ǻɫرı֮£Եʮɣ֮ɳĮ֮һģ
һЩĽһЦ棬ҰֻҪңҾɳб㣡
رʿݣλЩǿĳΪ˶ԿЩǿޱȵĳԼΣռ˵֣ǿرʿǿ
޵ʵҲȲ³ǣһ֮ɳĮķɳУѾɵĴ֮ɳĮ
֮ɳĮѲң
濴ǵޣһЦһɢȥ˻սħףһ··һ޴ޱȵС
ޱȵĻɷɳݺݵĴϣֱӱɣǰλ֮ڡһɻϢһǻɷ˴ޱȵķԪأİλƮ
ЩĿĿһĻСֹһ䣺һ
Ƿɳ統ķƸԵɺ֮²ŪرӵرҲ޷֮ɳĮ
澹ȻʲôرûʹãҲûʹκλطĻɷ磬ֱ졣
÷֮һĨǲǴ֮ǿţǿߣȻÿһǿͬһĴڣ
սСȭͷҧгݵôҲһҪ۳磬ſһ
÷ЩĽĿһۣ֮һĨ֮ɫ
Ů粻һʿһδ½ˡӵδ½Դ֧֣ټ߼ϵȵ츳ȫϣ۳硣
÷Ȼһʿ״ӣһɢʿһδ½˫ƿصԴȫͬնŮȻԸóԴ
޾Ļɳ类ֱɣʶ֮еİλˮĴԪصƽ𽥿ʼơ
Լݣȥİλͻֱӱֲ۳ǿ߶Ԫԭһﵽޣλͻ
ֻҪ⣬ôҾͿ޵ɸն֮أ˵ͻƽء
ǰλ漴ﵽ޵ʱλ֮ѾõʮԴ¯һ
ǷԪصԴԴԴϵıʮԴ¯ֱӳ룬ӲƳһһķ
ʮԴ¯ĳ֮£λ֮ڷˮĴԪٴεõƽ⡣
Դ¯ƼĽᾧããǿ֮к֮ʱԴؼһԴ¯ǳȡռ֮иԴϳɸԴˮһֻ
ܹ֮гȡԴԴ¯ƼߣϱҲҪļתܹתڷɣδ½֮лޱȵĲϣҲԴ¯ĲϣֱʮԴ¯Լİλ֮ڣȡԪء
ʮԴ¯һ֮ûãϨ˰ʣԴ¯ϳȡӿλ֮еķԪأγһƽ״̬
һ±ʮɣǷ֮ɳĮ֮Уǻɷ硣
ʲô
ԼǷ֮ɳĮ㿴ޱȵ֮Ƿ֮ɳĮ֮н֯ƣһɫĹâ֮֮
޴ڷ֮ɳĮ챦棬Ȱ㲻Ҫȥ֮ǰҲвǰ֮֮ͼȡǶ֮˺ˡӵرֻʿпȡ֮ػı
챦
˫΢΢һ¶һ˿Цߣҹȥһ£
ϣǿ񱩵֮УǾ֮ػ֮شȥ
Сֹһ䣬֮һĨĽ֮ɫҪķӣ
ʵ㣬Ҳȥһ˺ŵ֮ػʲô
Ի͹ŶǴӵڶʿʳѾֵżӵڶʿʳ𣬾ǿ߽Ի͹ŶǻԻ͹Ŷ֮еıһֱûбȡߣҪȡǱѶ֮߿֪
һǾ֮ǿޱȵĻɷȻһ䣬仯ΪһޱȵķУնȥ
ǻɷ·һɢ±仯ΪһĽսʮֹÿһж൱һ弶幥»ʿҲ޷ֵǳɰǧɷγɵķС
һĨ֮ɫһץһ޴Ȼ֣һһֱλ֮ڡ
İλ֮һ¿޾ĿŻɳǰλ֮зŰ·Ҫλ˺һ㡣
ʮԴ¯֮УԴ¯ٴʮԴ¯ȡǰλķԪأٴǰλ֮еԪرƽ⡣
΢΢һתսħطǺɫսħȻ֣ϡ
Ǿ֮ͬСɣ»ʿвҲᱻ˺Ƭɲκδ⡣
һ·ǰУʱ޿̶Żɷ磬Ǿ֮·
ֻǾ֮·һƬޱȵĹ㳡㳡һƬһöɫľ壬ޱȵķԪرǴǻɫľ֮ɢݶγ˾֮
·𴥶ʲôһ㣬Ǿ֮Ȼһһת֮˵âĵ棬һΣֱ


507 
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ĭģһָʩչطת硣
һڻɷޱȵľתȻߣγһֲޱȵķơ
ΧĻɷķԪضǾתԴԴϵĳȡγһޱȵľת罫ǻɷֱӷָ
һֲ֮Ȼ֣צһץһ¾ͽǿԵ»ʿľת绤ֱӳ롣
۾תķԪһ˲ͱ֮ɡ
ãͷ֮Ȼ»ʿҪǿ󣡣
ɫ䣬һԤӿͷһóħһħѸٷֽ⣬һս֮ϡ
һͷ֮ʮֹ˲Ƴǰһھͼֱ¡
Ǵɵ֮ڱһĽһ㣬СС쫷ͬͷһ㣬ת֮ϡ
·һ¾ͳٸ弶幥սҲ̶ޱȵž޴ѹʱĿܡ
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һߺս֮ʿԴԴϵĴ֮гȡûڡ
תطһ±仯Ϊһ޴ĺڶ֮ķԪ֮
֮ĴڱͲ壬ҲɱʿϣҲʮּ֣Ψһǵİ취ǳȡǵֱ
ͷ֮ôһܵķһĳȡ˷ķԪάԼĴڡ
һһɵĿֲԪֱӹעڵİλ棬ƵһһԴ¯ȴ򿪣ĳȡλķԪء
֮һΣֱ֮һˣ֮ϳһγһ峤ߴǧ׵Ŀ֮
֮ڣС׶ս֮ϣս׺һϸСѷ졣
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˫۳죬ĳȡλ֮עԼڣת粻֮мصطһ˿˿ޱȵӡ֮Ȼ֡
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һΣ˳һ޷ͨǹ㳡Ӷȥ
ǹ㳡֮УſǿĽ磬ûһ˿ܹǷ磬㳡֮ڡ
쫷һ֮ĸ˿û˵ļצһץ
֮צһ̽Уʮֹ˲Ƴǰһצץȥ
һתȡڰλһǻȭٴκһȭ̺һ˿編֮צ֮ϣٴνͷ֮צ飬״̬ͬʱһͷײǹ㳡֮С
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һתĿⲢûǳ֮ϣ˳Եһ֮ϡ
˻ԻʹʥһöԴ֮ڴ˵أԵ֮ˣڻ֮ɽ֮Ԫ֮أֱлԴ֮ˮԴ֮Դ֮ԵȡȥֻϣȡöԴ֮˿ʵҵԸҵԸڻԻʹ֮ڣҵıأԸʵҵԸؾȡȥ
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۾΢΢һһĨâߴʿʵ۵֣
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ȻðһͷԾԾԣ֮ǰһָ֮ϡǳϽҲָһ֡
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һĨ֮̾ɫԭˣǽ֮γɵķԴ֮֮󣬾ͻһöµķԴ֮˲Ĳá
֮ɳĮǻԻʹʥγɵĹȻȻܹ۳Դ֮ıԷ֮ɳĮ۳ʮöеķԴֶ֮ΣʥʿֶΣģ


508 ĴԴ
ֳַԴ֮˹㳡֮⣬Ǿ֮Ѹٵɢҽӽ
֮ɷԪعɵĺʵĴڣǻŵ塣ʿʵۼǿҲ޷ɱkǣֻܹkǵĴڡ
ɷԪعɺʵĴΪηľǷԴ֮ıԴһkǽӽǷԴ֮ͻᱻǷԴֱ֮գΪǷԴ֮һ֡
ֳַԴ֮һ·ǰУ׾ٵĴ˷֮ɳĮ˷֮ɳĮ֮ɽĽ紦
ڷ֮ɳĮ֮ɽĽ紦һƬԼԲǧҵƽأƬƽ֮ϣƽ˾ûκ״
÷Ůƽ֮ţһߺħҩһ߻ָĵ
һ棬΢΢һӹһĨϲɫ棬㾹ȻŻˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻЩ˵ЩԣԸֱˬ޷
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ȻŻһȻǵõǾ֮ػı
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һȻҴ֮õıǾܡҸĻܹ֤Ǹܸ߱𣿡
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Ż֮ɽڵķһֻۣǻ֮ɽڵһһĻɽŨ̹𶯣ʱʱһɽ緢һҽɢء
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ͨһʿһ֮ɽʮ룬ͻȫȻֱȼһѻҽ
֮⣬ÿһ֮ɽİ֮жȼŹޱȵĻ棬Щͬӵһ㣬߮ţÿƶȼڵĻ档
ǿʿǿߣӵл澫ħⳬѪ֮ɽвҲᱻǰ֮ȼŵĹգճɻҽ
޶һ澫飬ʮֽţȡһɡ״رЩǻ֮ɽĻ澫飬ʮΣաһУ»ʿҲᱻشҪ֮ͨɽõİ취ǱܿЩ澫顣
޻ﻹδ£ֱһ̤˻֮ɽڣһ澫֮ǰһץһ޴нǻ澫ֱһûڵİλ֮ڣһɻһ𣬽һ澫÷飬ĻԪǰλ֮
Դ¯˲ĳȡǰλ֮еĻԪأάǰλеԪƽ⡣
˿ûκԥ÷С֣һߡ
΢΢һЦֱſǸ޴зΧŮߵĻԪسȡһա
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΢΢һΣǾֱӷӶȥ
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һǾ޴ޱȵĻ֮ɽתսħطߣ˻һǻ֮ɽ֮ȥ
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ӭǾһײ廯һ޴УλʮԴ¯һĳȡΧĻԪأӲĴǾڳ˳ǻ֮ɽĵҽڡ
ǻ֮ɽĵҽһöԴ֮һץ㽫һöԴ֮ץС
ǻԴ֮һУҲͬ֮һ㣬˱仯ҽĿʼһöµĻԴ֮
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֮Уֶͬνڱ֮Ԫ֮صˮԴ֮Դ֮ŪС
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һԪ֮߳һƬϢۼĽȺһеǰ
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΢΢ͷֱӽǻԻ͹Ŷ֮ڡ
һԻ͹ŶһŨޱȵħǻԻ͹Ŷ֮ĸ֪Ũޱȵħ֮£ʾȻҲһ˿˿Ľɱ
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ǻԻ͹Ŷ֮УһһϢʿÿһʿߴɽ鲼ӡ
涢һʿһĨ֮ɫ
ʹ÷ôرħҩھʮʱˢ֮£ḯ࣬ʧȥʹ÷ػʮ꣬ЩرħҩȻʹãܵʱʴ
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޿һʿ֮ϵӡϧһ̾ЩӡǵһʿʳʱӡͱƽˡϧЩӡǿ溣ĴܡȻЩӡѾƽ⣬溣ܵЩǿʿ޷ȥǿϧ
ʿķչһһʿʳսԼԸӡоԶԶһʿʳ


509 
Ի͹Ŷʿŵӡڵһʿʳʱ¾ףƽĿֲӡ溣Ҳûмܹƽ⣬ִЩӡȴͱо͸һ溣ĴܾܹɵĽԻ͹Ŷӡ
֪ƽķǿʿЩӡް취Ϊӡص溣ܵǿʿ޷Щӡݻ١
ʱڲϵĽһڵһʿʳʱ»ʿִһ»ʿϻᱻֻʱ֮ǿߣܹͬΪѹ»ʿ
ͬ֮Ĵڣڵһʿʳ»ʿ޷սʤĵˡִʿȴʹøַӡر֮ķԪزϵķֶηӡսֱ֮
˴һֵһһ£һĮòӢʿһ߳
ʿɨһۣһĨ֮ɫһ˽ֵ֮Уʧ
ܹԽ֮ɳĮ֮ɽ֮Ԫ֮ĴĶǿʿ֮еţԻ͹Ŷ֮һвٺñʿҲʮ־ˣ˴ġ
һǻԻ͹Ŷ洩󣬴һһĽֵһɢŹϡϢʿ֮ǰ
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˷һЦȡһźɫҳĬģǺɫҳʿԵǽһһɫĹâһȺɫĴȻ򿪡
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޺÷ǽһ߹ʬֱӹϷ֣¶һ˿֮ɫ


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ЩŵĹ󲿷ֶѾΪλǿ顢ΰ顣ǿĴڣֻҪ֮λ棬Ҳû˻ȥǵkǡ
Ϊˣִ֮УѾʮϡ١kǵѪҲʮֵ󡣹һ岻ͬһһ꣬ͻڵһĿռ䡣ǿĹ۳һ硣
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һǻȭ޴Ĺ֮ϣһ㽫Ǿ޴ĹֱӺ飬йͳͳڻ硣
ԭˣԴݻҵĳ֮ڣʵЩ΢ʿ֮УȷʵѾԳۣϵĳ֮ǰ㣬Ȼֻһֻϣһֻ΢ǿϰˡ
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ͽ֮Լ룬ȴоκʹ࣬޾ůԼЩͽǳúͿִǽɫӡ֮ӿһƮƮɣ޾֣˳е
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ֻһͻᱻǳʮʫȫͬΪһ֮ĿͽὫԼһз׸֮ʶ൱ȫᣬΪܺŬ
ͬʮʫֱӴĸʴԹ滹ǵһһֱУܡ
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512 Իʥ
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Ӵľ֮һӶһĨϧ֮ɫϧҪءԡһܹҵУҲֻܹӳĲܡǳɽǿñķơ
ҫȡɫ̵䡢ɽ涼̺Źֻ֮ʹù֮ǿ߲ܹɵáͨ
ƾǻ۽ƻĳǻۣҲѾһ˿֮򣬿Ĳݹ֮򡣿Ĺ֮밣¡ǿȣԵʮּª
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ʿȫչһ飬һ뿪ʿ
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һʿ֮µӡɢһɰԵޱȵϢ·һʿ롣
һʿǻԻ͹Ŷ࣬ջԻʹʥס֮أԻʥ
ǻԻʥһ۵棬Իʥǿޱȵķʵ㣬Ͳȥˣ
˶֪ԻʥӵлԻʹʥǿпʥرȴûм˻ǰԻʥΪǻԻʥӵǿķƣһǰǻԻʥǿ޷ͨǷƣͻᱻֱɱߴͳȥֻǿʿ֮еĹＶǿߣпܻûԻʥı


513 
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һһͷɫ˵ʵɨһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣺һ
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ǴԪʿǽħ֮Уֱһһǿʿڼʿǽħ֮ھܹɱһʿڵԪʿ
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һ޴֮Уһ֮Żıƿ
ƿˣȻһ˾ƿһ֮ţ
һµļһ

ǿʿһĻɫһ䣬ӿһĨɥǶԲͬطʿţΪǾ㲻ԪĹҲ̫Զıĸܵ˼ĴҪ֪ǿĸһϣһѪʿԼѪ֮޷֮ŷֺ
һޱȵʥ֮ҫϣһֱӴ֮дʧ
һ֮Ҳһ֮ٴαպϡ
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ɶԭһƿ֮󣬻ᷢ£

ǿʿ֮žȻٴαպϣһĿɿڴ𾪡Ҳǵһοƿһ֮ţȴû뵽ᷢ顣
汻ǹ޿ɿܵĿֲʥһһһƬޱȵĹ㳡롣
ǿޱȵĹ㳡룬һ񱮣㳡ΧտޱȣʲôûС
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֮ûб˽ߣǵǻᱻ֮ڣ֮ڻõڶεȻʱƣһ˿˿ֻʹ֮ʯܹǻøáԼҪһϲŻڷ˵һ˵Ҳ൱һ㡣
ʥʿʿʵǿڣͬʱĳˢ֮£긯࣬滹ǵһ˵ʥʿҪ
һᣬһĨȻðɣֲܼΥҵ·֮£ҿԳŵְ㸴
ĵۼرǿıѾԼµԻʹʥĸûô򵥣ΪԸðա


514 
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ӰҲһıеϢҲƬռ֮
Ǵ֮ڣȻâһһϴ˽ָϸӡеȣɢһΣϢֳһöľʯһ³Ǹ֮ϡ
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Ŀ΢΢һɨɱһţһָ
һɫĹâҫһͷߴʮףüһɫӡǣһԹǵĹԨħӾӵȻɳһ˫Ķɱk΢΢һΣ޾ħ˲Ϣ֮ǰһצȥ
ǵۼرĲ֮һ溣ĴҲΪģпܻԳɱھͳΪӵΨһѡ
΢΢һսħطǺɫսħ˲串ȫһָһޱȵĿռͷԨħ֮䡣
ͷԨħһצһƬĹռ֮Уķ1ϵʱ䣬צȻ޷ִ֮ϡ

Ŀ䣬ָһתȻ֣ĵޱȵķһնͷԨħϣͷԨħֱп
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Ŀ䣬һȡħһħѸٵı仯Ϊһ׺ɫ׽ȫ֡
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һӰһͷͿԨħӾͬһǰһצȥkβҲͬһһ㣬˸䣬ĺĴԴȥ
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һЦ˷ǰ̤һĳͷͿԨħǰһȭͷͿԨħϣֲ˲䱬һͷͿԨħ顣
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վߵԪʿֳһرĻȨһָһ»ʿܹشİɫҳȻӿһޱȵĻϯȥ
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üͷ΢΢һûֻһܷ
ʮĸоںɱӵʱûиоĸо
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515 ʱⱦǰž
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516 
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517 
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518 
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һʿѧͽòʲôԴħǿߡ̶ֻ֮мͬŮһܵĽò˿ľɫҲȫһȼ֮ϣҲ޷档
ǵĳĪжǰȻõʩĴɱˡʿΧѾ˼һǰǽҵףʵĿǰռĪж˵֤ݡռ˳Īж൹ʩ֤֮󣬹֮ͻɳǿǰȥնɱĪжࡣ
ǵĳĪжǰѾһʿתаط֮ʵֻ»ܿ죬˵ѾһʿǰǣʮΣգʱпܱץΪаļƷһȻ
һĨŹ֮ɫʿ
ڷɣδ½֮Уʹ֮ڣһŵĽǴʿǿߣʿʸûС
˫۵֪ˣ
ʿ֮˿壬ѵҲһǿޱȵʿ𣿻˵֮ϵĴʿ
˼ڣȥ
һɢŹϡûϢĳйǳһ˵ǰ
ͨǵĵ·֮ϣһһʮּܣʮּϣһһʬ壬ʬѾ棬ϵ֮ܵĲ״˲ֱӡ
ɨƬʮּܵĵ·üͷ΢΢һЩ˷ʲôǸɱ𣿡
ڵˣԻĽ֮նɱնɱЩͨˣǰɷУһЩ֮ˣɱȴɱ޹
ڷλʱҲںԭŪʬ֣Щɱĵɱ֡ūŵʬʬ֮Щ
ȿǵ·ߵʮּһĨŭ֮ɫЩ˴󲿷ֶ޹ˣűǳĪжֱŰɱЩ࣬ѾΪ˹ǳºĸѾΪ˼ȫǹڣ۸߰ÿȥһΣԻþ޴󣬾ûԸǰ⡣
üͷ΢΢һɱ޹ô
ڰȵĻȻżֻɣʹⷨȫһദʮ˵Ļһ˵Ļʿ棬˺׾ġ
̶ӽǷ֮ŵĿע֮½˳֮ڡ
һǣ֮ϾͿǹ֮Уϡ٣ҼһŽգûʲô˹Ȼ⡣ǽֵ֮ϿˣҲɫ壬һľͬʬ⡣
һȺʿ֡Ц߼۶
ЩʿһۣһĨɭޱȵɱ
һȺʿʹԼʮ˾ңһһ񡢱塣ÿ˵һŮӣŮӶѾеûˣҽЩʿȴǷ˷ܵЦ
Ŀ䣬ƤĶħ˵ľǹȻѾൽˡ


519 ɱĪж
̶ӣһ̶ֻӣ̶ӵ˳ңļһҾͰǵƤǵ¾ƣ
һķ֣ף˫Щ׵§һĴŮ̶һ֮ǰ
ʮľüһаӡǵʱǰֳֳ׵ǹ̶ֱָһеĻһʿĿֲѹЩѹȵ̶֮е˴
ʿǿκһ˶һʿսӵɱһʿĿܡʮʿǿߣȫпΧɱһʽʿǸ̶ӵЩܹĴڡ
֮У밲Ȼ
ķ֣˫۸׵һȣ˫һ¶һаЦݣ޼ɵЦŮŮʲһʿѧͽȤһ£ԺúһˣһʿѧͽɱЩŮӺöࡣǵȷŮǿö࣬ĥҲûôˣȻܹŪһŮʿѧͽ
ȶʱ΢΢һԭ֮£ȴû뵽һͱӿУΣա
ǿб򶨺侲̶һ̵˰ȣʲôˣ
˫۸׵ӿһЦèϷŰȵСүǹǳĪжΨһӿ
Ȳԭǿү̶ӵĹڹǳˡô̶ӽӹΪˣӴ˲ǰ̡ʧֻ¿үҲԳеҸһǧħʯǾʹ˽ҹΣ
˫֮һĨ֮ɫŭХвңӣȻвңЩ¼ļȡЩϵ˵ļ󣬾Ȼвңϣ׽ҪúŪ֮һ۶ÿһͷĲҽ¾ƣ
үӲҪӵװƷ
ֺƯҪ˫ղأ

ڿŵЩҲһɢŻҡаϢ˵ŲޱȵĻ
Ļ䣬ʮľüһаӡսʿһ±ʿĶһΣͬʮͷ񻢰Ű
Ȼ䣬һĨ֮ɫȹ׽
ɨʮüһаӡսʿڵһȺɱЩɣ
һԾµľ񲨶ʶ֮дһûʮսʿüĵаӡ֮УһаӡֱŤһӡӹʮսʿĿȨ
ʮаطӡսʿһΣȻЩȥǹЩȥһֱӴ̴
Ҫ
Щ¼ļôҶҶ֣
ְ֣Ⱦң
ҵİְǹǵĵ

в֮£һһ̬ٳޱȵļСţˡֻ֮£ʮӡսʿĽЩһȻͬһ˦һߡ
˫֮ſ־֮ɫ¼ļ񣬸ļ󣬾ȻɱҵѡҰְĪжһɱ㣬ƤĥҪͶңǸŮץ׸ҵĻҾһ㵱ҵĹʣµŮ㶼á
ģȥȻְȥ㣡
ָһһתſһ
һųâĪжӵر˲䷢ֻһ̣ͬر˲飬飬ء
ֵ֮ϣһŨޱȵѪζͬڵ֮еħЩаˡ
ʲôˣȻɱĪжĶӣһҪƤʬΣ
һޱȵһǱ֮дһڻƣһ׺İСһһѪɫ֮еɢŴʿĿֲѹ߷
ɫ䣬֮ӹһĨ֮ɫ૵ʿȻ˴ʿ
֮֮еǿҲǴʿڵΪĪжΪʿ֮еǿҲδĶ֡

ָһһתһǴԶĪжֱķѣѪɫء
ӣ΢ţͣŲ֮ɫԼ۾ǻһĪжʬ壬૵ˣĪжôˣ
ĪжƬİˣպա֪ʿҪɱȴɱ
ΪĪжһʹɲʤˣҲ˲ᡣҪʱҪƴսڣһָǿǿò˼Īжˣֱۼ
־ϲĿĬĬ˵֮Уڴʿ֮ϣиߵľ磡Щʿһħؾǿħʿɣ
ĪжһɱһǱ֮ڣһ·ɳʮâ˷ȥЩĪж䵱צʿ
ָһţһռ侵ǰǿռ侵һ˿˿ǿռ侵֮Уɳ˶ʮʿ

ˣһɣԸΪЧ
ˣһɣʲôԸΪ

ǶʮʿһĻһңİ
Ŀ⵭ĮޱȵЩͨڱЩŰɱʱҲధ󡣿ЩȴûзŹǡȻЩԣôȥɣ
ŷۻۣЩԣŰɱˣ׷ʹ޵ĴڣȻЩ˻Ļᡣ
һһͷɫԸл𱬣òͨŮʿеǹ֮ǱļҴûŰɱһ޹ˡˣһ
һ㣬һѷŮʿϣǲѷ֮зû˵ѡ
Ҳǹ֮ļ
Ǻڰ֮ļ

ǶʮʿһżеһѷǵϣֳһԵĺ⡣
ÿһʿһ˵˻ѣޱȵ쫷ֱӰи飬ʬء
ɫŮʿһĻ΢΢֮ҲӹһĨ־֮ɫ
ͨ˵ʿնɱı֮󣬶ʿһ·ȫͬıնɱΪצЩʿҲͬնɱ顣һ뵽ԼԵ˸תɫŮʿͺ²ѣֻҪ˵һھѾһʬˡ


520 Իʹʥ
ɫŮʿȡһƿħҩֱӺ£ӡбպۼ·һаʵŵ΢΢һѸٵһ䶯һٶʮɢųŮϢ
һŮʿǰһһˣ
ɨ˰һۣ֮ӹһĨɻ󣺡ǣ
ȲһʿѧͽڰУСɫˡǵԼʶˡ
ȹǰȣ֮һʿѧͽ
һʿǿޱȣڹ֮֮ҲǼеλǿߡǰһֱݵż
ԭ㣡
¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫŰ΢΢ͷǰһ񣺡ˣʴγƺ
浭ҽ
ϣĪжסıȥܹоԼ֮Ǳ·ʲôٻ
뿪ԥһ£ҧȥһĶ𣺡ȻǼǶԹӦ˽⣬ٹǣи֮ͳͳɱˡ
ǣˣ
ڵʿǿ߶ѾɱһʿټϰʿѧͽԼ̶ֻӵĻȫԽƿء
ڣûκԵֵһʿ
Īжסı֮һ֮ڡ
ƿҴţ㿴֮ڰڷһаϢѪɫ̳Ѫɫ̳һֻۣͨڣòӢǿڵĹ
Ѫɫ̳ԱߣһѪأѪ֮ѪҺڣɢŻѪص룬һڵӣӵһֻȥͨͨ֡
ǻԻʹʥ֣Ǹĸʴһֻ֣һֻתΪһаر
һѪ֣бȻסǾǻԻʹʥ֡
»ϵʿǿħĿֲڣǵҲͬʬһϡʥʿʬر֮һ
ʥʿλʿǿڣʲôʱkǶǿһȺˡ
׷ʱ֮ʮʥʿ˵в˵ʵʱֻ֮ѷԻʹʥһǿޱȵʥʿʱ֮Ϊ֣հʱ֮УΪʱ֮׷ߡ
ڵһʿʳʱ׷ʱ֮ʮʥʿһʱǿʮʥʿʮʥÿһնɱʥʿǿߡ
Ȼȥʮ꣬ǻԻʹʥȻûиļѾһ˿ʣֻʿʵۼǿ߲ӵе
ԻʹʥҲֻһܹΪʿʵ۵ľ콾ֻվʱʱ֮kܿҲһʿʳĿߡ
ÿһʿʵ۶Ѿĵزûбߴݻ٣kǵ۹ȥ£ḯࡣ
ޣ۶ôǿĴڣ궼ոࡢһ𣬾ʿʵۼǿߣҲһ
ܹ֮Ԫ棬Ϊ˵ľһӵⷨ磬̺ǻһ˿֮֮Ҵܹӵϵ
ǻԻʹʥһֻӵвʵ֣رƲϡһаڵĵŻĪжֲ̱ŰоľʡŰаʴǻԻʹʥ֣ҪǻԻʹʥʴתΪһаر
ָһɫȻ֣һ֮аĵһˡ
аĵһΧĸһɿǿʿĿֲаϢȻ·һ»˹һ㣬һַзŮвͼ࣬㾹ȻһҪ㣬еΪūŮΪ潣
һɫ֮аֻ֮Ȼ
ɫһǺɫ֮ͬаĵһͬɡ
аĵһŤ󾪿ֵļܣǿʿ»ʿôܣô»ʿ
ĵطħϡһʿǿ߾ѾԳưһ»ʿħĴûԭ򣬾ԲڹСط
ǻȻѻɵÿʵһħ񱦵֮мŵط
۾΢΢һϳаĿ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ㣬һӡɢһԵ׵ĴӡȻ֣аֱӡȥ
ħӡǵʿʳ֮ħ֮Ƶһۼرħӡ֮ѹһʵʥʿǿħһǧ˰ʮʵʿǿħʮǧʵ溣ܵǿħ
ħӡһͻȡӡѹħ֮ħӡ֮κǿڶᱻӡ֮УΪЩħĶʳ
ħӡҲħ񱦵֮мŵһǿطԽطѹǿħһЩħѹħӡ֮У޷
ʿʳʱħ֮֮ǧħֻҪħ֮֮κħԼǿĴڶ׷׶ܣɢ¶棬±ħ֮ץѹħӡ֮С
ҲΪħ̫֮Եk֮ǿĴڲϧһдۣٲ֮λʿɱյµʿʳħ񱦵Ҳͬս֮ɢķ
ǷɣùãҲ˿֮λκܽħ񱦵䱣
аһǷӡʱŤ𶯣еħӡħӡ㾹Ȼط
һҡϢа֮дkҪԱһǿʿĻ
һħӡһӡа֮ϣӡɵħӡ֮һа֮ϣͬʱа֮ȥ˳ǻ뱾֮ϵ졣
аλһ乬֮ڣһŤһɫ֮һ§ʮŮֻ۵аֱϯȥ
ƣ
һабԼʹ˼ޣֻųɫĹһɫȥ
ɫĹһǺɫ֮ϣ׾ٵĴǺɫ
һɹӡɵһ´аϣаĲ˵k֮ϡ
˵
һ׵ͷаĻ֮вϵ𵴣Ǻɫ֮һȼڵĻ棬аꡣ


521 ħӡ
ǹ׵Ļǰһаһ·ʹޱȵİ֮
֮ϵĻգͨ˱ڻջҪʹʮֹȻЩа־ᶨҲԵֵ걻յʹࡣ
ҵɳͼޡ
һǧֵ»ʿа˵kһ˵֮󣬱о޵һ²˵k֮ϣkס޷
ǻһ»ʿϵĵȼͻڽͬʱһÿһǿڵͬ
һǿڵͿֱʹǿڣ͸ֱɱǿڡ
ڽ»ʿ֮󶼲֪ԼʲôǸ淨ľ󻯡Ҳûκν
ħӡһžطǿͨʹ࣬ԼޱȵķЩʩʹ֮УԼ꣬Լ׿˵Ȼ֧ͨЩħǿڡ
ʱ֮ǿʿʵۣҲԲὫԼߵڶˡ򣬾һʥʿҲͨʿʵ۵Щʿʵش
ӽҾˣ𣿡
а˫һָѣһͷڵkʶ֮лص
»ʿа˫һɣ˷ŭĺУʯѾԲ
ޱȵһа֮ȼգյõkһ·ʹޱȵİشҽС
ħӡħ֮УѹһʥʿħЩʥʿħ޷ħӡܡȻֻǿʿΪһ»ʿаҲȻ޷ħӡ⡣
֮ʯشҽеҳԸ⳼ҪˣҪˣ
ҾʹӺȤոʮӿͷǺӲټʮӺˣ
ʯѵ֮УǱ
ЩаŪ꣬ʹ;ȸΪʳЩаҲ˿κ
ʯյʹ֮ʮ֮󣬲ŻˮſڵϴڵĴгʹŤ
ӽҾˣ𣿡
ʯѵٴλص
ʯһǣˣˣγƺ
浭ҵʱ򣬾ͻˣ
ֻҪħӡطûбȥܹɵĲʯһ»ʿа˫ֻҪһ棬ʯѾͻᡮ⡯ǵkˡ
ʯѹǣˣ
֮У濴еħӡ㿴õħӡ֮תһīͬӡγɵӡ
תطһ貵ĺɫâҫӡ֮гȡʯһаİ
ӹһĨâ̾ħӡʿʵۿĵۼطÿѹһħ񣬾ܹȡһħط֪ʶֲõħ֮ҪĴѹЩħ񡣡
ħ֮ʿʵۣ޵еĴڡkǶλ֮ȻĴսѹɱħ񡣾Ϊ˻ø֪ʶܹͻʿʵ۵ļޣΪһ㲻Ĵڡ
ãã֮Уӵ壬ʵǿǵkǵ츳ȴʮ졣ʿʵۼǿս޵УͶܹһλ棬ժֻУЩ츳ǵkҲ޷ʹ÷ģЩ츳
Щ츳Ҳ㲻ķĪĹÿһʿʵڿһʿʳʱ򣬶ѡ񲻶ϵţ̽λ棬Ѱҿ㲻ڵķ
ħӡһѹһħǿߣܹͨħǿߵԴ׷ħǿǿİֱ켶ط˿ʱ֮֮ʿʵۡ
潫ʯаյ֪ʶͳͳԵݿڣֽɷγɵħӡֶԼڵİλڣĿǻԻʹʥ֮ϣһĨ֮ɫ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ҸոմӦҪԻʹʥk־ͳҵǰЩϹһǿµĴڡ
ǻԻʹʥֳֵʱ̫΢Ȼǿ棬Ҳһ˱˲ݣȫԼƿصĸо
ĬģһⷨǻԻʹʥ֮ȴûκηӦ
ǻԻʹʥַ·һͨһ㣬ʥ̣κⷨûзӦ桮סǾǻԻʹʥ֣ҲѲڵһʿʳʱµĻԻʹʥ֡
ͨʥʿʬʹطӡͻʱ޿ɢǿޱȵʥͬʱʱʴ֮£ҲΪʥɢľոࡣ
ֻͬԻʹʥѾһ˿⾳ӵһ˿ʵĴʥʥʿŻʥȫȥҲḯࡣ
濴Ǹⷨ״üͷ΢΢һ壺Ŀǰʵ֪ʶԻʹʥʲôֽţҲܹ׵Ĵڡ
ת֮䣬˾ԻʹʥָôֶԲܹϡҼȻӦҪkôֻҲⶪôʱӡݵˣ
ǻԻʹʥʥһ𽻸һʥʿʿƣ˵ܹƳһѹһͬʮ˵ʥر
ڴӦԻʹʥ֮ǰԻʹʥ֣һҲ취kƳΪһر
ȻѾӦԻʹʥô޷õkźп»¡һʥʿĺֶڵҷ𣬶ǻԻʹʥʥʿ֮еǿߴʥĴڣʿʵҲֻѷһʥǿ߲õĺ֣ԿĴڡ
һץǻԻʹʥץ𣬷һ֮ڣȻĬģһָһɫĹâҫһޱȵķӡӡб֣γһĻƣֱӷӡ
漴зӡ֮ʱȻ΢΢һ㽫ֱӶԼĴָ֮ڣԻʹʥ־㲻ƣҲһı˵Ҫʱ򣬿ԾһֱﻹЯȽϺá
ܿ콫ǼҲһһȸ߼ԾȡǼ֮ڣͬʱԾš
ãͳսħһ䱻ѾµĳǱ֮ڡ
ǳǱ֮뿪תݣϵǴ֮շתղŻصսħڡ
ԾƼΪ죬رǶԾţԿԽλɵĽд󣬱λ֮·Ҫöࡣɲױ¶ӵжԾı
һصսħڣֱӽԼĶ֮ڣҶƵħȫԼʡ


522 ͻ˽
ҶƳɵħȻ棬ҵڽ߼ϵȡ
һ֮ڣ滺˫ۣ˫֮оҫ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʶʿ˵ΪҪޣʿͨطǿԼȴΪѡ
ʵµʿ֮֮֡˵ʱʮּѡµʵʿѧͽûϣ۳֮֡ļʵʿǸûϣֽ֮Ϊ֮ˡ弶ʵʿûϣΪʿʵʿûϣΪ溣ܡ
ΪͻʵʿҲħҩʡԽ棬ʵԽΪѡʿòֲǿڵѪѪʵ
֮Ϊܵʵƽ嶼ɱøɸɾǻƽľѪԼʡ
ǻ۽ƻѾȵǻۣ׵֪ʶѧϰط׾٣ȴܹʡ
ϵȵҲѾһֱʿ֮ڳΪ溣֮ȥѰҿʵħҩû뵽ڷɣδ½˷ɣõҶ

һһöɺУһöӣһĨ֮ɫ
˴ʿʳ֮ʿڲϵĽţǿޱȵħҩϱ
ڴ֮УֻҪӵгħͿʴһµһֱ߼ϵȵħҩ
ȻЩԽϵͻƵ߼ϵʵħҩ۸߰ޱȣ溣ܹЩħҩҲʮۣҪ㾡ҲƲܹ򵽡
߼ϵȵͻƵ˼µʵıȴǿľ溣ܣҪŪһʮѣֻܹȫ
սħǴʮ֮һƿشʮ֮һƵ˿ǧڣ֮Ҳûʿ߼ͻƵ˼µʵı
һöɺӲŻһͻᡣ
ҲΪˣʯѩһӵа˼ϵȵʲŻսħڵ𶯣̫ϳ϶Ϊͽ
һöɺһ£ǳɺһĿУһɫû֮ڡ
һƮƮɵĸоӿһתΪһֲޱȵľʹ·Ҫ˺Ƭһ㡣
߼ʵ˼֮䣬ʿ֮Ϊ˽ޡ˼ʵʿڰ˴ʿʳ貵ʱǾšʿʥʿǰ˼ʵš߼ʥʿ֮ʿҲУȴʮϡ١
Ȼÿһ˼ʵʿܹΪһʿϵĴڣӵа˼ʵʿÿһֻҪΪʿʿ׾١ǳΪ溣ܵļҲԶԶʿ
ʿ߼ϵʵʿţҪΪʿҲʮѡвͻᱻڰ벽ʿľ磬޷ͻơ
һޱȵħ֮ڵ֮гû֮Уͬһ޴ĺڶĳȡŻɹսħڵħܡ
ʲô£
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սħ»ʿϵǿ߶Ӧսħڵħܱ仯һԼĶ֮˳
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ѵǻһ̫ϳʵ¿ط𣿡

Щսħڵǿ߿һȡսħħܵĺɫ֮һ¶һ˿Ŀ⡣
սħڸ׷׻һ⣬ŻɹֱӷȥҪŪʲô
âҫ˲Ϣ֮䣬˻ɹ֮ڣ¶ӰһսħĴ̫ϳ֮һɡˣһĿ࣬ͬһܣȥԼʮӱսħĴ̫֮һŭһеȣһɫʿʳòޱȵӱսħĴ̫֮һա
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˽ޣȻˣ
ŭǿ΢΢һǾ޴ĺɫ֮¶һ˿֮ɫ
һ˫۷Ź⣬ЦסĶû뵽ʾȻܹͻ˽ޣﵽزǼ񵽱ˡ
һڴӦΪ״ӣҲֻʯѩԵϾӵʵʯѩΪʿϲʲô⣬пܳΪ溣ܡҲû뵽ʲã˵ǵӵ澹Ȼܹһλá
һĨӵĹâ¶һ˿Цݣö˶Ǿ콾սħڿʢ
ʯѩϵܣʵԽǿһ˵ҲԽкô
ŭϧһ̾ϧĵӣҪյľͺˡ
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ʯѩսħ䶯ʱ򣬺ŭնǰطû֮ڣʯѩ˵ᱻС
һӼһĻӿģЦ
սħ¬޳վһߣһɫĹĴ̫ϳϵۣʱһӹһĨ֮ɫ˽ޣ棡
սħڣ߼ϵȵǧвٵġڰ˼µȵȴһҲûС
ʴ˽ޣǰ;һƬ¬޳Щʡ
Ǵ˽޵󣬺
˭Ȼܹ˽ޣ

սħڸ֧׷˻ɹڣһɫĹжһĨĽͼʻӵĹâ
֥֮һɫĹ֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾˽ޣʦֻ˲𣡣
ǺɫĹһĿɬӿһȻУ˽ޣһ£ֻԶҲ׷ˣ
Ҳţ־㣬һֱΪĿ꣬ͼԽ棬Ϊһӵ״ӡҲûս״ӵλ˼
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һӿ溣ʿӴһɨ¶һ˿Ц⣺ɹˣѾȫ˽ޣ
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һüЦ


523 ٴͻ
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ҲһĨĽ뼵֮ɫһ̾һͻƵ˼ÿһΣٴλͻƣ
һһĨЦǸСһ￴ڻԻ͹Ŷ˺ܴĺôأ
ҲЩĿһɫĹ֮һĨ֮ɫʯѩΪ״ӣֻ棬ûᡣҲû뵽мһ˵棬ȻҲһΪʰ˼еȵĹＶţʯѩҲѷһ
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ڳսħʿǿһɫĹӿһĨ֮ɫ۷׷ףжĽͼʡ
ǳɫĹ˺һ֮󣬲Żʧ֮
һûȥ˶ڴסĶȥǶµضʲôıܹԼʲϵɱ䡣
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ŭĿ⸴һ̾˼ϵȣѾʯѩˣ
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˼ϵȣɱ䵽˰˼ϵȣ

˼ϵȵʣ۳磬ʿһǿԿ溣ܴڵʿ

ǻɹΧЩսħڵʿǿһɫĹһĽ֮ɫ˼ϵȵʼֱ죬ڴ֮УҲֻʯѩˡ
ȻʲһУʷ֮ϣҲڰ˼ҵĹＶŻûгɳѾ䡣ԽߣζʿǱԽǿ
ǰɫĹʧ֮սħڸ֧ŴŸޱȵ˼ɢȥ
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Ƕ֮ڵŻ˫ۣһɾ˫֮
Ƕ֮ڣɢҳЩϵħͷųħ֮Ĳк
ʽ˼ϵ֮ΪҲˮһǿʿͻƵǿʿڣʵٴαһء
ץһϵħһĸ֪ǿϵħ֮еħѸٵıֱӳȡа˳ɵħѸٵıתΪ
һ֮䣬һϵħ㱻ֱӳҳ
ԽߣϵƹȻԽ󡣡
һĻ¶һ˿Ц⡣һϵħɱ֮ǰҪȫħתΪԼҪӵʱ䡣ֻҪһʱ䣬ܹϵħħתΪԼǰ˼ϵʵ֮
һʥر֮С
濴֮һĨâԻʹʥĴڲÿкܴأ
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ʥر֮ǿȶСĴڣСӼ̣Դݻ١
ڵİλһʿһǿķֱܹӺ顣һɱΪС磬ҷ֮ôСʿǿҲ޷һݻ١
ָһǷˮĴԴ֮һʶ֮еİλ֮ڣͬʱѸٵת粻мŵط
ĴԴ֮һİλ֮ڣһɻϢһĴԴֱ֮ըѿˮĴԪء
𡢺ˮ졢𶯣ĴԴ֮֮£λ涼ڲϵ𶯣ѣֽ⣬顣
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һεɱ֮ڵһСѾһԲǧŰƽС硣С֮УѾǻס
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֮һɱرһޱȣάֺػСررҲʮϡ٣ޱȡ溣ܣ۳磬Ҳƴر
ڵİλΪС֮ΪҲǿʿٴνﵽǿʿ۷֮
Сȶ֮ȡ칭ɽضررƷ涼ûпȻһ£ȴ޷ʹر
رĵȼԽߣҪĵԽĿǰʵʹ߼رѾļڡ߼ϵر޷á
칭ɽضС֮ڣʱ׹׶ر
ķʮʱ䣬Űʱⱦ֮мŵط׹׶ȫɹ
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Ӵڴ˻һӵɣ
㿴һһɳ֮ϣһ伮
ȡһУװһöɺӵϵݸ˻һӣʦһνԻ͹ŶһɺƾһɺƣӲŴ˽ޣʽ׵˼ϵȡһöɺӣʦ¡


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õɺ飬ˡǳɺ溣ܶᶯĵıûлһӵıӻʱһ뿪սħڣ
һ۾һ¶һЦݣֽн£ɺ㾹ȻܹıҲĻԵΪʦӦôıʵҪͻ˽ޣҾͲˣ
һʵ˼ϵȵʣ˼öɺӣ
̹ȻʵӣһöɺӲŽ˼ϵȵʡɺӻʣöӴ㽫öɺ͸ѩʡ
˽һųɺɰ˼µ˼еųɺɰ˼е˼ϵųɺ
һǿ溣ܵĴڣʦҪ֣޷̹̹֮Ѿʴﵽ˰˼ϵȣһҪǿĳɺҲԲᷴȻսħھͻȫʧɾͣԻᱨ
ʯѩǰ˼ϵȣѾȫԲٷóɺҲûκôɺ챦ʵסҽýһö͸̫ϣշһ
Һ˶Ѿڰ벽溣ֹ֮꣬һóɺͻ˽ޣӦþͿԽΪ溣ܡΪܹסһöɺһ̹Ȼ
һӡսħѾ۳ľǿߣǶ˵ʵԿͨ溣ڵĴܡǽսħڵĵ̣Իɱ溣ڵĴܡ
ΪһӡǿޱȣҲ溣һǵʵԽǿ溣ҲԽΪѣвΣա
սħʮ֮һҲֻлһӡǿ߿Կ溣ܡŭҲʿǶ溣ܣȴȫûκʤĿܡ
ΪػսħڣһӡҲðΣս溣ܡڣöɺһǷãǾܹ˽ޣ溣ܵĿһ˰˳֮࣬ȻԳƿ溣ܡ
ǳɺϾֻʥŵرҲֻܹʿʴﵽ˼ϵȡҪӰ˼ϵͻƵżµȣҪĵۼŵر
һᣬųɺҲݸ˻һӣôųɺһ͸̫ϳϣһžʦұܡʵʱȡء
һǿıȻвԸǻһӷ֮ȻҲ޴ܾһӵĺ⡣
ɺıͲһǿʿܹסıҲֻлһ溣ܵǿ߲ܹס
һ΢Цģһų˶֪һųɺҵСһͲΣˡ
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һлʦΪһųɺҲܹ£þ콫õҲսħڴΣա
һ΢΢һЦҲ̫СսħˡΪʦΪ溣֮ЩһΪ塣
һһһöɫˮԼûУһرˮԵסʿȫһˮҾ֪ΣաֻҪ֮λطҶԸӦ
һ΢΢һᣬһرзɳУһ߼رǶܡ߼رսǶܿԷ󲿷սǿǿݿռ䷨оսĿռ䷨мĺô
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߼رһһõ߼ر֮սڲС֮ʱԼնɱһ»ڵǿߡ
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һ΢΢һ̾лʲô߼رǳɺȣֱֵһᡣһöɺóȥЩ溣Ըһر
رһΪżżر֮Ͼرر֮ʥرʥر֮ǵۼر
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һָһЩ֮⣬ĵ㲦֮£֮ʱӭж⡣
ӻһȥ֮󣬱صԼĶ֮ڣʼоħ񱦵֮мصط
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濴ʱطһ֮󣬾֪ǻ۽ƻǻ۱ҪоʱطҲΪѡҪӵ츳Ѫǿ߲ܹյط
ߴʿʵۿߴۼطȴû˰Ͱߴۼطﵽkǵĸ߶ȣΪ˵ʲͬѪͬͬûа취ͬ·ﵽߵλá
ħ񱦵ǵʿʵħ֮طҪħӡѹħøħӳǧٹֵ
֮ǿڵѪǿȻ󴿻Ѫһ޶ȱǿޱȵĽлȭǴһУѹһС
ħ֮ߵĵ·ħӡرطѹħ񣬽ħսսʽǧٹ֣ܡħӡȫʤǿ
֮ħ֮ǿΪkûս޴ӵ֪ǻ粻塢ħӡʿʵطľ衣
Ļ粻ѾС֮ʿ׳ڵʿҪٽʮѣֻܹоħӡԼĶ¡
¹ǻ۽ƻǻ۳ǻ۶ۣ˿ѷɫ溣ܣħӡܿͱо͸
ħӡطĺľҪѹ·ħѹħԽ࣬ħӡҲԽ󡣵ѹħﵽ溣ܵʱ򣬾ͱһرħӡĴڣ޷άħӡĴڡ


525 ӡ
ħ֮һΣյļһħӡرֻҪǵۼħӡûбݻ٣˵ħӡһƳɹͻܵǵۼħӡĲݣΪǵۼħӡӡֲõʿʳ֮󣬾Ҳûط
ϸоħ񱦵֮󣬱սħڵϿڲѯܿҵ˹ħ񱦵䡢ʱⱦ䡢ɱ󱦵ļء
ħ񱦵䲩ħӡʤǿľطħӡ˵һħӡ֮⣬ħӡֻܹӡܵǵһħӡĲݡ˵ʿʳ֮󣬾ͺħ񱦵֮мصط
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ʿʳĿ֮˵ħ񱦵ΪԭͣԼĿܱ䣬ѹһ޵С
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ħ֮ȷʵһʱ֮ӣѹһ޵СڵǸʱ޵֡ħ񱦵ҲΪǿط֮һ
ʮȥˣʿоħ񱦵䣬֮У콾ħ񱦵ҲѾƽ߰˰ˡħӡΪħ񱦵֮еĺطҲѾоΡ
΢һҵ˼ʮƽħӡط
ħӡѾƳΪ˵ۼرʿʵۼǿҲ޷תǸֻ̡ѹһа񣬴ħӡ֮заʮɡ
ȻѾ֪ħӡԭôҿĿƼִʿطһӡҵӡ
΢΢һһͷʵ棬Ǵӷɣδ½ϻõϵ֮ʯޱȵĿΪģħ񱦵䡢սħڸϿʼоӡ
սħڵޱȣǻһӵ״ҲҪŹס׸˻һһöɺޱȣشսħڵ϶ѾȫţſսħӴĵ̣оͻͽ
ǻ۽ƻǻ֮ţǻѾʿ֮еľšǲϵо֮Уÿʱÿ̶ڽЩȻð˼룬Ҳӵ㹻ǻȥݷ
ڷλ黯ҲŸֱ仯Ͱ
ÿһ񶼿һ̨ܹԣԽ㣬ɸ֮֮ȵȡ
һʧȥ񣬾޷ͽϵҲ޷ͽ󣬽Ҳ޷֮ͨάԼĴڡһʧȥʱû䣬ҲʱƲϵ䡣
ķµʱ䣬Žӡϡ
ˣһöʿԼƼĽᾧӡ
ڶδ½һʵڣץһöɫĴӡ¶һ˿ЦݡһöɫĴӡӡӵħӡȫܣȴܵһħӡĿơ
ӹһĨϧ֮ɫϧӡޣҵֶҲޣֻ߼رҲֻܹѹʿħ˵ĿǰҲѾˡ
ؽ֮󣬸ֱоҲǶδ½֮ѿԶؽĿƼ߼رѾǼޣҪ˼رĿǰĿƼ޷쵽
΢΢һЦһһֻֻͬɫ׳һһڼ׿ǵĻеһ·УµоҲǰ׷ѵģԽļװѾˡ
һֻֻͬɫ׳һĻеӾǵۼرĲɵĳͻе߼װ档
ߵǻ۽ᾧǿս֮һ߿ս֮вϵзѣʲôʵܹɣƽһз֡
ʿʵۼǿ֣ƾ߹Ҳᱻֱ䡣
ȻΪսˣȻǻϣҲֻܹһװߡϾߣֻһֲϾܹ쵽
ǼװͬɸʵǻԻʹʥֺް취kϾ׷ʱ֮ʮʥʿ֮лʮʥ֮һΪӽʿʵ۵ĴڡǼװһͿֱӽǻԻʹʥֱɡ
һһǧ˰ֻװֱ߱ӷС档
һǧ˰ֻװߴڣͿ޼ɵɸЩֱɡһǿޱȵĶԵֶΣսٴαֹ
ӡװ֮ſʼչԼΪ
ڻ˷ɣδ½ӴԴ֧֣ʱҲȱԴһֱԼĶ֮ڱչԼʵ
֪˶ã֮У滺˫ۣ˫֮ҫųǿޱȵţһâҫ֮ʧ
սħڷ۵ͣһҾ޴ޱȣĵľ޴ۣÿһҾ޴һ֮ڶܹ׷ʮϡ
һҾ޴ķ֮ϣվʮʿÿһʿ϶ɢǿʿĲ
ʮʿ֮УʿȺγһСȦӣ·߸ϵĵһɢһϢ
ʿźɺ׿һܷ磬̫ϳϵ״ӡǶʺ֮ÿһѾ˰벽»ʿֶ֮ξˣȫԻһЩСɢ»ʿ
ʿﰵΪף֥սħڵʿźȻվС
źɺüͷ΢΢һʦܣûе𣿡
׿һһĨ֮ɫӵĸӦÿ쵽˰ɣ겻֪ʦܵױжǿˡ˼ϵȵʣڴ
ǳɺһٴ˽ޣﵽ˰˼ϵȵսħѾʲôܡ
̫ʥԪʱ򣬾Ѿսħ˺䶯һٳ˰˼ϵȣһԾΪʯѩһĹＶţսħ¶ʮڴδͬҲж˼ʣ׿һҲ⡣
ܷһĨ֮ɫʱʱ֮Ĵؾʱԭʱⱦ䡣ܹʱñδزܹԽʦܡ
ǰܷҲֻ֮ڵĺ֮㣬ȻδȴҲΪʿܹ֮Խǡ֮ѾΪҪ׷ϳԽĿ꣬һ뵽ж鸴ޱȡ


526 ʱ֮
ʦ֣
ʦˣ

Ȼ֮䣬Ⱥ֮дһɧЩսħһʿǶʮּĿĶס˴Զ档
΢δ½о֮أͨȴһһӡһʿһΪǿʿʸǽɺһٴ˽ޣﵽ˰˼ϵȵĵزΪ˹Ｖţǰ;һƬ
治ڳɳ֮䣬оųɰսΪʿ溣ܵļҲԶԶսħڳʯѩš
ʱѾΪսħǵĿ꣬ÿһʿŶΪĿͳݵĶҪΪڶ档
ǿʿڣٶȺÿ죬Ȼô̵ʱ֮ڣѾ۳ǿ֮˳Ϊǿʿ
ﰵĶŸӵĹâŴ֮ʱﰵСûз׷档
Ԫһս֮ﰵԼ׷档ﰵ֮󲻶Ͽս󣬿ʮԼȻǵԪ֣סԪȫһɴʿΪǿʿʵֹȫԿ»ʿǿڣﰵս֮Ķ
źɺһ棬۾΢΢һӭȥ
źɺɨһۣ֮һĨʣ̾ǿʿʦܣٶȿǾˣ
ԴԪ֮źɺ˱Ҳûм档˻ǵһμ棬һӵǿʿΪΪȻźɺҲЩʡ
۳ǿߣΪҪԴһ֣һȶʿöࡣ
һӡսħڵ̫ϳ磬ѾΪ溣ܡ
浱ܹԪ˶ΪӦ硣ճ㣬ʱӦûǴʿΪҪͻƳΪǿʿΪѡڴʿ֮ʮϰҲûʲôϡ档
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׿һҲĹâ΢Цʦܣ˲ڣһսħڶȻ¡
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΢΢һЦŵʦף
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ܹǱĶǴ󶥼šҵǿʿţͨɢޣҲֻЩ£õ˳ϵǿʿŲпܻһ뺯
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˵Ǵ⼸ΪţͲòᵽʥڵʥŮǰӵ»ʿ۷ΪĳħСһʱǾᣬȻܹŹ⻪ѹķ
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ʱʱʱطԼδǰĵ·ǿʿ벽»֮󣬶ͣĥԼս׼һ˰ʱ֮ԿýʱǵĻᡣ
ٺ٣֮ʲôǿȻ̫ڵĵʥԪĹＶšǰӵ»ʿΪĹɽħСǿ»ڵϹ
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Ԫܹնɱ»ʿħͷʵ֮ǿֱšر»ʿڵĹɽħkǱ»ڵǿ߶Ҫǿǿ߶УжԪûκκøУҲòȷʵǿ
Ԫʲôսħڵ浱ԴʿΪѾܡѾ˽ޣʸߴ˼ϵȡǿʿһ磬˭Ķ֣
һǴ֮ʿһ˳Ĭ֮С
ȷʵܹԪ⣬һǿӦû
ȻܹԪҲδЩ벽»ʿǿ߶֡Ͼ۳磬ٶȱضҪöࡣ

ЩʿǼڲۣôۣûзϣѾλǿʿǿһС
ʿ׷ƷƼȣʿŵۣг˸ӵĸ飬΢΢һ̾겻û뵽Ȼܹߵһ
׷ǰδ½ʱҲֻΪȽ˳ۣύѣ˳ְһСæӵܣȻҲһ˿˵İҲû뵽սħں󣬶̶̼ʮʱ䣬ѾΪսħһǿţԿǿħ̫ʥԪ
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һһǴ֮һĿ˳Ǹķȥ㿴𷢱ۣʿŻĽ˴֮ڡ
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ڲ֮λ涫ʿѹԵռϷ磬δ½λ涼ԶΪ١ʿҲ硢δ½ʿΪġ
ĵڰʿʵ۳֮ճѹһ˵kͬһʱ콾յǶλ˵ڰʿʳǳػʳ֮ӭ˼ķչһչΪܹ붫ʿȻ
ڰʿʳ֮½һΪģΪĴĴ̫֮ңԶʿµǿߺٿԽĽ磬ǰҲǵһοʿš
ǽ֮ڵʿһ˫ҫƲһ˶ǰ벽»ʿǿߡ
˾Ǵ֮УѡΣѡζľš
ʿ֮УʮԵķֳˣμȻֱ
֮Ȼֻʮɡ˴ҡ͢ʮŸ˽»ңǿޱȵɡΪԴ໥֮ڶݡ
ͬ໥֮Ϊ棬໥֮乥ݡдһԻֻ֮¾ͻᱬݵս
ʿ֮УһԼԴʿš໥֮䣬Ȼìأ޷Σŷֳˡ
֮УҲμķֳСȦӣ·ͷһͳʿš
СȦ֮УһСȦĸˣһһ𷢱ۣĸףɢһʥʵӡһǽ𷢱ۣĻԸУѩòɫˡһһͷɫ̷ʱ̴Цݵӡһǽ𷢱ۣӥĿǣü֮һ˿֮ӡ
һСȦ֮ˡ֮Уһĸͬһͷһ㣬룬ͬҰˡһĸߴ󣬳ӡһۣòףţͬһߡ
һСȦ֮Ҳˣһһͷɫĳòһѷһеȣʺɫһ˫֮ڵս⣬һʮϡٵĺˡһһĸڷۣ޾ףŶ崿ԸֽȻͬʵľɫˡһһһͷɫףϴһʣΪӡ
׷һСȦ֮еʮһˣĿ΢΢һо״ʢʮһ˶޷սʤĿֲڣǿļһʮһ˲򵥣
ʮһͳʿŵĹＶһ̤֮ڣ㽫Ǵ֮ڳǧԴʿѹƵһ³Ĭ
Ǵ֮еĴʿǿʮһ˿ûԼΪ콾ţһо״ʢг˾𺳡
ң˹ݹûĺK⣬Щս˭һս
һĸߴһͷϷٶȴһԵ֮ԽڶһŴ֮ڳǧԴʿǷս

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Ǳ֮ڣ۵ĶľţЩһޱȣšʱʱͻΪڽǶжǱ֮ڣоЩʿŽж


528 ˹
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ȫʦּͣɵʶһǴ

һͺȲ֮Ǵ֮ЩԴʿǴ󲿷ֶΪȫʹ
ЩʿһЦһԹۣȫĬ
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ȫһһ̫Žʱɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫ̫Ž
壬λﶥĿֲڡ֮УһЩӵѪʼѪ콾֮⣬ǿ
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һһͷ̫ŽЩԴصʿж¶һ˿֮ɫ
˹ɨȫһۣһЦȫڹȥü̫ŽܹĴڣ
ǻŵ»ʿ̫ŽҾԲǶ֡һͷ̫Žر̫Žһطǿ֮޷ӡΰ㣡
ȫϾǶһĴʦ֣ǼޱȣĬģһָһɫĹ⻪ҫһ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮףɫü֮һ쫷ӡĳ̫
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˹һЦһΣֱ̫Ž֮
նͷ̫Ž֮һһɷ飬ƿͷ̫Žۼ׶첻
̫Žͬ׳֮Уǿ֮һkĻܻڰ벽ʿʿ֮ϡҲֻһЩ弶幥п˺kۡ
Ǳ鲼󾺼Ŀ񱩷Ҳ൱һ޷ͷ̫Žκơ
޾Ŀ֮Уͷ̫·֮âҫ˵Ŀ֮У֮зȥ
ʮֹһĻͻȻ֣ͷ̫Žıһ֮ӿͷԭӦóǧ׸߿յ̫Ȼ쫷Ϊת֮򣬹ޱȵĿԽǧ׾룬ͷ̫ŽһצŰ˹Դֱץȥ
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˹վǾ룬һ񱩣̤̫ŽԵޱȵĵ˭һս
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һۣòӢһģտġȴսҲûУʿҲˣʧŮ˶磡
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ǴʿǼһĻһ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
Ҳ˿ѷɫĳһڹʱҲ۴أһ𿰱ʿʵ۵ۡ
ʧ֮һû䡣ˣһҲһ塣ʿ֮һ󲿷ֵ˶뿪˲֮λķâڲ֮λѾʮϡ٣ֻһӵѪĸֳ


529 콾Ƽ
һ仯Ϊ֮󣬱ʹǳͷ̫Žֱȥ
ĳԲɱ̫Ž֮ĲɱʤҲ֮䡣
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ͷһײ˾ԵĻ֮ϣһѪŽе
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һɫĹâҫ˹ͷ̫ŽڷɳʮĸڳʿЦ˭Ұ˹һսʿǿɲҪͷڹ꣡һսɣ˵һû˸һսǾʵʵĹؼȥҪʱǾ֮϶ˣ
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˹һЦʮɡ˴ҵУҲһȺ߹ˡ
˹ûǰݹ֮ʿ֮һΪûһ˿еĺKλںA൱ʮ֮еĶţǻһЩôҴʧ㻹ǴǾ֮ϹûĺAһսɡ
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ʥħʥҲżʮʥħڵʿţЩʥħڵʿһʥħʥӺ棬·һ㣬͹Գĵλ
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Ԫ֮ǰһɫľţʵǿޱȡ֮УֻЩһ֮вһЩ콾ܹȼ硣
Ԫ֮еٹȥȫͷϡȻһ֮ǿ֮һȴѾǴһ޵еİ
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ʥħʥ˫۾âһºһЦȻ̫ʥ㿪ˣô˹Ҿøˡ
Ԫǰ̤һԭʧһ³˾֮ڣ밲˹
˹Ц̫ʥԪǸеԪ˵ʱֻһʿ𣿡
Ԫƽ޲ûҵʱһʿ
ԭģ
Ԫʱ򣬹ȻǴʿһΪǼٵģû뵽Ȼģ
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̫ǿҲԪ̫ˡ

һ֮·ЩʿǶʵ𺳵ˡǿʿΪԪôûʲôԴʿݣԪǾ̫ˡ
սħһս̫һֱʮֳĬûκֻƬ¶ԴʿսʤԪ˶šԪԳϲҰУ˶г𺳡
˹һЦȻһʿУ̫ʥҲʵ̫ںųƴʮ֮ףȻѡﵱʥӣ̫Ҳʼûˡ


530 ܰ˹
̫ڣõ죡
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һӰ˹һ˲ͱԪӲĳʮǶ⣬ݻѪֱӳɡ
һɫĹâҫͷ̫Žһ޴Ļƽβһ³ԪϣԪñ顣
ԭһģԪӰٴαȴ˲صԭء
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ǿԪȻһＶǿߣ

ڴ֮л½һʿһĶԪһ
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ڳ֮ѹһʱƿصλԼμ緢չ˿ѷɫ붫硣
˹û˿ƵĺKҲζûǿʿ֮еĵڶţʵǿףſһ֮ѹǧԴʿš
ڰ˹ȻڱԪʮ⣬Ԫʵ֮ǿԶԶ˵
ǸͳŲ˹ʿŵ֮ɢһʥϢ΢΢һЦȤԪӦúͬһǿߡ
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ʮһ콾һ̳ԪʸͬСһźͰԭֻڶ콾Դӵ˳֮ʿٷչӰ鲼λ棬Ѿ붫ʿ⡣
δ½Լδ½֮ЩʿƣΪ絮һ֮
Ǿڣ˹һ˺󼸲˫۳죬ĶԪŷԹ֮ɫǶһʿŵǰ˹ȻԪʮ⣬ĸľ˵ܴ衣
㣬ȻҴңȻҳҶ⣡ˣҪɱ㣡
˹˫۳죬һŭХĬģһųɫĹâһΣֱûͷ̫Ž֮ڡ
ͷ̫Žһ˫ۣһɱŰޱȵӵk֮ȻѸײڶ֮ƣһ³ԪǰһצԪֱץȥ
ʩչһ֮󣬰˹һжתΪͷ̫Ž֮൱»ڵǿڽϣȫͷ̫ŽĻԡȻ̫ŽҲδصеùʩչһ֮İ˹
ʵǰ涼Զˣ
Ԫ˫֮ͫУ΢΢һתޱȵϸСӡ˫ۣ֮ͫγһޱȵĽɫͫһץˮĴԪ֮вתһɺޱߵ֮ӿôһץͽ֮ͬΪǿ̫ŽצһץС
Ԫ˫֮һĨ֮ɫһ˦ӲĽǰ׳̫Žݺݵ˦˵ϣ񱩵˲䱬һ㽫ͷ̫ŽشƵõkһѪ

Ԫ·Ϊһǿ׵ľħ·Ҫй⼸еһ㣬ץͷ˹̫ŽǾ֮зȥ
ÿһΣͷ̫ŽһѪ
һޱȵĲ˰˹̫Žϣ˹ƣеӡ֮ڣ޷ʩչκη
׻ȫʿŵİ˹Ԫоͬһ㡣
ס֣˹ѾˣѵҪɱ𣿡
һŭ֮ͳݹʿŵʿ֮Уͬһͷһʿŭһȡһӡһ̤Ǿ֮ڣֳԪݺݺȥ
ȥ
Ԫ˫Ҳȼڵŭץǰ˹ͬһһľ콾֮һݺȥ
ͬһʿ˿ûֵ˼ͷ̫Ž֮ϡ
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Ǿ޴һ̫Ž֮ϣ˲ʧ۶ɵϸСģͷ̫Ž֮ϣһӡֱܽ⣬Ƭ
ӡһʧ̫ŽɫĹâһ仯Ϊ˻˺ۣͷ֪˶ٸѪİ˹
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ռǹŲ
ͬһʿĬģһָһޱȵǹҫ˰˹ϣ˹ֱץС

Ԫ˫۳죬̤һ·һԽյĻ⣬֮ӿˮĴԪתվҫطת˫֮һ²ڵ̫棬һŰ˹ݺȥ
ǰ˹ڵ״̬һ̫壬Իֱӱճɻҽ
ռǹܣ
һʿһָ޾ǹȻǰ˹ǰγһǹγɣͬâһ㣬ÿһǵλöӵһǹγԲĻܡ
ǹռ֮һſʿǿʿʵʿҲ޷һݻǹܡ
쵰Ұܰɣ
һޱȵĲӰһɢԪʮֹĳͷʿıһƴ̫棬ᴩͷʿĻݺݵĺͷʿı
ռǹⲻ壡
ͷʿɫ䣬һһѪǰ˹ֱһ˦˲ķѣǹǾһǷȥѸٵγ˱ǹɢ䣬ѹѾ·Ҫһе̫档
Ԫͷʿ˫ĮȻ߸ϵûĺA𣿡
ͬһʿתطǹⴹ䣬һһ̫棬˫ۺʵûҾûĺA˹Ԫ㾹Ȼ͵Ϯңѵñ𣿡
ԪЦɣ밲˹ڹƽһսû䣬Ѿҳ֣㻹˼˵ɶ֣
ûʿ֮ľʥַ˹û䣬˹Ѿ֣ǲǱɣ
׽дʣûŻǲҪأ

Ǿ֮⣬һ˴ʿļ֮


531 ݹռ
ʿ֮дսһֻҪһû䣬˶ò֡
Ԫ밲˹д軹ûзֳʤ˹Ѿ֣۵۶
ʿҲǴʿǵ䳰ȷָɣ֮ɫôÿվЩͨˣûз༥ƿڴ
Ǹ̫İ˹ȫ̲ס֡һУҵĴ
˹ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȡһƿħҩֱӺ£ĬģһָһնѿһŹ̫Ѫ֮зɢûؾѾ̫ճɻҡ
̫һƳ壬˹ɫ԰ףϢ𽥻ָ˹
̫»ʿ̫壬Ҳᱻش޷̫ᱻ
ԪĿĮĿſ˹ֱ̫
֮սУԪԻſ˹̫ʱ֣˹κλᣬӲĽ˹ֱӺɱ
д֮УԪԲôǱ֮溣ǶԳֽɱ
˹ʱ֮ǵʿŶΪɫšǿܵش
ôѺã໥֮䶼̲ԷĴ㡣һ溣ػ
溣һӴԴݻٴʮɡ˴κһʿţѹκη
ΪˣǴʿʿ밴Ϸ˹ԳƣشȫӣȴԻɱԷ
˹ڵ̫ȫ֮һĨâԪɸһս
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֮Ҳһ۳ǿߣ

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ܹ۳ʿʮϡ٣սħڣһ֮УĿǰ֪Ҳֻ۳硣
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ݹռݹǿ֮һԵʿʳǳ֮ɵǳΪټ콾ɵط
һ޳ɰݹռʩ߾ͿԽǳ֮ӹȥδǻͨ졣
ǿһ޵еİ˴ʿʵ֮Уǿǽ֮ǻǳ֮
ӡһѱоʿĿߵͬһۣѷ˫֮ҲһĨ˹İݹռôǿȻԶԶȲ㣬̩¡
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ãݹռǰݹǿط֮һֵȫ֣һ̫ڼվҫط
Ԫ˫һĨâĬģһɺޱߵ֮֮лƣˮĴԪתĴԪȫһȫתΪ˻Ԫء
һԭʿΪ֮ɵޱȵ̫ȻԪߣ·Ϊһƿ̫ľߡ
ǳ֮һӽԪһֱ̫ӷգȵһı
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˹Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬תطĬģһָ
ǳ֮еһſǳ΢΢һ·̺֮ŵƶ켣һת΢΢һΣ飬˿˹ǰ
飬ǳ֮ռ֮ǿķ֮һǿ˹ӵ溣ܵΪȫ۳ſɵǳγǳ֮ܣͬǿ֮У˿ơ
һ̫һ˵һǳ֮ϣǵһǳֱӱᴩڶһſǳֱըѣ޷ֵһ̫⡣
ھſǳ֮һ̫һ´˿˹ϣڵĻâֱɡ
ԪվҫطȻһΣҰˣ
̫֮У˿˹ƽޱȵһޱȵǹҫ̫֮ϣ̫һһ
ƾǰݹռ֮˹ѾݳʹñԪƴһսֻд裬ڼսСʱ֮󣬰ԪС
ݵó֮󣬿˹㲻Ըսȥ侲ÿ£ÿһݹռгɵʿǹͬԡκαꡢ嶯ŭʿѽǰݹռ޳ɡ
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˹ˣ
ȻԪУԪȻ

˹䣬ʮ¶һ˿֮ɫĿԪһۡ
ɵƯԪ
̫ʥӣȻ鴫

ʿǶ˷ޱȣȲ֮쳹áʿһüͷ壬Ŀ⼯ʮϣڴ֮ɫ


532 ̩¡
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˹Ѱܣһǰ֮УҲֻʮŲпܻԪ
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ûҲ԰ݹռΪģӹȥѰҵһЩ溣صĸܹۡչѸ٣Ϊݹǿʿ֮һ
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˴ʿʵ֮Уǳ֮ǰܵһʿʵۣ㵽ʥʿһ磬Ҳڹͬ׵ľ콾С֮ڽ»ʿ֮ǰܵ࣬kΪ»ʿ֮ͬһսҲûаܹ
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̧ͷһ֮ʱ֮Կһȭһ֮֮ϡ
һ֮һķѣһץʱ֮ԿץС
ʱ֮Կʱ֮Կ棬̺ʱⷨİ
һץסһöʱ֮Կʱоһ˿ʱķʱ֮Կתоһʱʱⱦʱ֮Կ̺ʱⷨİ
˫һųһ˿˿ȵĹâһЩʱ֮ԿҲʱⱦкô
ʱⷨΪķԶԶڿռ䷨֮ϡڲ֮λʿµоҲֻʱ֮ǿʱط
ǵһʿʳʱӵʿ콾ʮʥʥʿÿһǿޱȣڰʿʳĳ֮ҲδǵһʿʳʮʥĶ֡
ʱ֮ڳΪʿʵ֮ǰʡʮʥռκƣ·硣ʱⷨ¾ףƾʱⱦİʱ֮ӲѹȺۣΪ˲֮λһλʿʵۣѹķ޵С
ʱ֮֮󣬲֮λ֮Ҳм콾ʱⱦ䣬ʱⷨҲ˼ͬ޵еǿڡ
ʱⱦ䲢ΪȫһطϣͨоطնԿطķǶʱطһ֪طʹ߾ͻʮֳԿ
ȵʵԶԶ壬ȻһͽܣΪʿطǿ͹졣
һöʱ֮ԿһŸ߿շȥʩչħ֮ͫѰʱ֮Կټ
һƬ߿֮У˹ΧҫһſǳݻΪһǳ磬һɺޱߣ»ʿĿֲѹ֮
ӡڿ˹˫֮һ˿˿ǻ۵Ϣ˫֮·һǻۣܵħһָһǳ֮˷ȥ
һâҫ̩¡˳ǳ֮ǣԶ˿˹ߣǳ̾ݹռȻط֮һؾ֮Ҳʹá
ûãŹӡİݹʿҲԶ˿˹ߡ
ֹһʱ䣬˹ŵ˹ʿ콾Լ׵Կʿ콾ǳ֮ǣ֮
աס̩¡ȵش֮ڣѾָ˰˳ҵʵǾ֮УϾ֮սҲûº֡˾ѣҲ걾Դܴ޷ָ
ӵһͷɫɢһʣõǿ߲Ŀ˿˹һۻݹռȻ
ʿ콾ҲӹһĨâĿ˿˹һۡ
ռʵҲԤϵʿһ֧ǵսʮǿ󣬶µǿԿӹȥҿϣδԤԡ
ȥѾȷ޷ı䣬δӵ֧һЩδ֧Ըı䣬δĳȴԺռʿԤϵʿԿδı仯ǿԸδݱ䣬ףɱͬʱþ޴ĺô
ռһԤϵʿ㣬һսͬ׵ľ콾һ㡣ڶǿӹȥδҪӴޱȵԼʩߵռЩԤϵʿ϶Ƕ
ʿʳǳ֮ҲûдԤϵʿֻͳ˵ʿʳǧѾ䡣ʿʵ֮һʿʵۡ
ˣǻŵԤϵʿΪҲһͷ۵顣ΪԤϵʿһΣգͻףҪǱľ֮һʮѵ顣
˹ŵټ𣿡
Щʿ콾һĸἯжΪ˻壬Щʿ콾ڷ½
˹˫֮ҫǳ֮γɵӡĮѾ壬򣬾ǧĵطһǳָ֮ǰȥ
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ʵǿüֱ˾ǵҲòԼĽһ׼Χ塣
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ǳ֮һΪ֮ȻԶԶǿڴǳ֮Ĺ͡
ʿȻ붫ʿֵֿλǿ߽ȴԲԸ⿴һʿʵۼǿڶ絮
Щʿ콾˿˹ŵĻ֮󣬶һĬ΢΢ͷʵֻκǿһ㣬ǶľƾԼʵŬ취Խ塣
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һɫϢһаϵƱ˲ָһ˿˵ĺۼ
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ӵһͷɫһѱԿԪֵ֮ʿ콾˹ֳرȨһָһԪ֮ӿŻ淨򣬽Ǿתֱӷվͬʱһ֮ϯȥ
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һɫһ³ǰһԽ»ʿճɻҵԪ֮һڵС档
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ȼһĻ΢΢һ㶣֮һĨ֮ɫÿµļһڵǿֻ±ҵǿֹһ
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ҪȥʥǹɵķֻܹӲӲԾǿʥǹݻٻߺɡ
˹ŵҲ΢΢һȻܹҵʥǹ
˹ŵԴʥǹ֮һʩɹͻشˡûʧֹ⻹ǵһʧ֡
һɿ˹ŵʥǹһؿڵĴԪ£һâҫǧǿ˺Ȼɳĺ֮ǲдʿ콾ȥ
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һȺһĻеܣԪ֮ף
˹ֳֻȨЩǿ˺һָһԪ֮˲ֻЩǿ˺ߺȥ
Щǿ˺߱Ԫ֮׵Ļһ䣬ȼգһŵĻ棬ڰֱ֮ӱը


545 ׹׶
΢΢һΣʩĿ˹ǰһȭͬһſ˹ȥ
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˹һЦĬģһԪػ湹ɣ׽»ʿճɻҵĻ籩˲Χֱɡ
˹ԸŵһĻˣһ»ʿܹ׷յĻ籩һϣһֱɣʧС֮ڡ
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ĿĬĬһ䣬һȭڿ˹ͷ
һĤȻ֣˹ֱӾ𣬴ͳȥ
ٴһؿڵĴԪ£ǧǿ˺ٴηɳſ˹ŵ콾ʿȥ
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һĤȻֱ֣Ӵͳؾ
ÿµļһ
ĵ߼ر
ȻԶ߼رһ£

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ʥǹһ¹ᴩ˻ָγɵĹָ֮ϣװսħ״̴Һָֻűֱӻɡ
Ǳʥǹᴩȭ˫ָϵѪҺ˿˿ûϵĺۼϾʥǹ֮ϼӳŵĿֲ


546 ȫѹ
ϵĹ̻֮£ʥǹ˵ǿ߶ѪҺϵս֮ѪҺľ
ϵĹ̻Ϊֲǿ棬ҲƳħҩħҩ֮ԼǿϣܹϵĹ̻ɢս֮У˸ᡣ
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֮ǰһս˵װԼԼʵ֮ϣûԼרر
˹ŵĶʿ콾սͷȱرĲ֮
ʥǹ֮ϸŵϷǿķر֮УһЩͬӰ֮ذϸŵ෨ӡ෨һرһƤֱܵشȻӵܹӳЩرҲʮϡ٣ȴûС
ʿ֮УҪ޵Уͱ޶̰塣вͻᱻʤǿֱӻܣǸɵֲõ˴ʿʵÿһʵǿ󣬶˻ܣŪǱ
˴ʿʵÿһǿޱȣѹķѹͬһʱ콾ڰ˴ʿʵ۵Ƕ۷֮ǰÿһ˶ʧܹÿһʧܣǾͻɱøǿ󣬸ӵ޵Уѹһ
ǰһһģ˿˹ŵǰһǻȭգŻϢſ˹ŵȥ
ָúÿ죡
˹ŵɫȻ䣬˫ֽ棬ԼǰһȻ֣ϡ
ǻȭſޱȵĻ֮һ¹ᴩһһķܣպ˿˹ŵ˫֮ϣޱȵ˲䱬һ˹ŵ׹棬һ޴ĶѨ
ӹһĨ֮ɫûбɵʥ
ڲ߼ر֮£ǻ粻֮мŵĹɱطȭյǿɱط߶֮ʱ򣬼޼᲻ݣ޵Уκͬʿ޷ֵסȫһ
ȭǿޱȵĹɱطһ״̬õʱҲֻܹʹöʮΣٶͻɾ޴ĸ˺
˹ŵһȭУȻûеͳȥĳԤϡ
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³ĬģǳͥԺ֮ڣһ䳤Ů׵ĻħһųһޱȵĹâ
һ绪ӵòľ˴ǻħ֮зɳÿһ˶ɢŶ˵ķ飬һһЦŹǣȻĵ
һǻħ֮裬赸·Ҫ˵ȥһ㣬޷԰Ρ
ħֲֳ赸Ի»ʿһЩҫʿħвҲУȫձǻħֱɡͥԺȻ
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һԵİֳֺһָޱȵĺˮȻγһƬֲĺѹȥ
˿û޾ĺǰһһ̤˸³ڵĳͥԺ֮ڣһǻȭŲ³ںȥ
ħ־ƽ٣ʳ˹٣
ǳͥԺ֮Уǿ»ʿǿߵĳֲȻð湥ȥ
ǻȭ̺Ż֮΢΢һһֲ˲̺Ż֮ȭͷֲһȭ˲³ڵĸǿޱȵĻ֮˲佫³ɡ
һĤȻ֣³ֱӴ͵硣
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Ȼ»ʿǹĺ֮ʱ޿̲ԿǺľ޴ѹҲľ޴Էʵ
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һЦһ޴Ȼ֣һƬ󣬽ֱ֮ӴԼС֮ڡ
һģһƬ㱻һΪѿһ޴ͨԽǾ޴ͨһȵǰһ㣬һָ˰ȵü֮ϣâҫγһӡȫӡ˰ȵ
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ʵϰȵʵʮһ콾֮Ҳߡֻʩչķ֮ŭȫķƣһͱܡ
ʿ»ʿ޾ĺ֣Ҳ޷Ǻ֮ͻᱻ
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ȻһЦһץȱָץſѩ׵ĲӲĴǿһĵط˳
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һȡŮֱӶһߣĿε·Ŀ˹ŵ
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˹ŵ˫ֽ棬ʥӲĵסڶȭ
һ̺Ż֮Ĺâһһεĺڿ˹ŵϣڵȭʱ򣬿˹ŵϵʥȫǱĤֱ֣ɣؾ֮ʧ
˹ŵ֮һתĿ˿ԼŮϡ
֮һĨâȵ棬ʲô溣ܵĿעӣҶЩ¡kǲŹģ
΢΢һҭȰոҪ˵Ļȫ˵ˣЩӦ
ֻҪλŮһǰˣ飡
¶һаʮЦݣһУȡ뻳УͷǶ˵ӣ֮һǡ
ȱǿ֮֮һĨһŭ쵰ҲŹģ
֮һĨϲãȴһŭɫ쵰ҲŹģ
һЦһ㣬һâҫȡϵĽֱջأӭұ𣡲һΣҾͻǳȥˡ
ȡŮ޺޵ĵһۣһΣһԶȥ
ʱǲʱĻἫΪѵãڰȡ˵ʮҪŲòǿֱ뿪


547 »ʿ
յڣһޱȵڷڣǿֲޱȵ𶯣һȥʿǿҲᱻֱش䡣
ͶһЦһʮȻʤˣٺ٣սħھȻӵ˳ɫţ˲𣡡
溣ܵϢڹȻҲʮֲƽ
۳ʿÿһʿ콾ǿߣԽսĿֲڡ
Щû۳ʿڶλǿĴڣ顢аֳ֡ﶼ·磬Է濹⡣
۳ʿȴ鿹⣬ԽսԦԶĿǰرӳֲ
ʮʿ콾Ȼһ˻ܣȻ溣ҲΪ֮𺳡
Ǵ溣Ҳ𶯣ȻҲΪƽ
΢΢һ̾ҶѰȥһĨ֮ɫ̫ɫˣ̫ɫˡϧսħڵˡ
ҶѰ̫ڳ溣ܡ̫սħ֮ĹϵȻˮ˫֮ĹϵҲǼΪӡ
˵֮սħļ溣ܽûжþ䣬Ǳ̫ڵӰӡ
սħڵ˻һӣ۳İ벽溣ǿߣֻսħͱ̫̲
ȻˣһӡҲսħڣ޷뿪սħڡ
Ŵ溣ܿһۣüͷ΢΢һ壺ҶѰ֮⣬ֻ¶Ҳ⡣
ʵʵ̫ǿ󡣾ǿʮ콾Ķ֣Ǵ溣ܶЩ֡
ܹ˳ĳɳôһʱʱе֮ɪɪһţսħȻ㾡ȫͬ᲻⡣
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Ȼˣ21.3%漣ûг֡
˹һջԼǳ磬΢΢һ̾ҫǻ۵ĹâҵøıദʽбҪͶʲС
˹ܹݹռزǻ۾֮ԤΧʧܵĸ̫ûвΧж
һǹҫ˹һ¶һööӡϢȫ·һһ㣬˵ϡ
ʱǾʱһΪʮ졣
ʮ棬תħ֮ͫͬһһ㣬޼ɵĶȡʱʱ֮Կ
Щ֪ʱ֮ԿʿǶһһܣͳؾ
ʿҲͬ˹һһʱ֮ԿŪУʩչطеϢ
ЩʿÿһŸ飬һЩλĹȻǿҲ޷Щʱ֮ԿʿǾ
ʮ֮ڣһᵽʮʱ֮Կҵ׿һܷ硢׷ɡȺѣֳ˼ʱ֮Կǡ
ʮ졣
Ǿڵؾ֮ڣշ·Ȼѿһ㣬һɫĹ·ʿֶȥ
ЩɫĹĿЩӵʱ֮Կʿš
汻ʮ˵ɫĹ֣һӴ׵ħܴעڣΪ
ͨİ벽»ʿ޷ʮ˵ɫħܹ壬ֻڿһСǿߣʮ˵ɫĹӿħ޷յĲֱӱԼС֮ڡ
С籾ԴҲ缢ƿʵӴޱȵħܣϵѸ졣
ÿһλ涼ӵһλ汾Դ˵־λ汾ԴԽǿǸҲԽǿ󣬿ɸǿǿߣǿϡ
ħܶЩ籾Դ˵Ҳ൱ʳһһλԶ֮иתΪħܹԼ档Щ޷ħܵλ汾Դͻή
֮λλ汾Դ֮Ҳǿޱȣʱ޿̶ͨķ֮ȡãã֮еĸתΪħܣŵ˸챦ԼħʯħĽᾧ
ڵС籾Դûȫ죬޷֮ɸҲֻܹʹúħʯħι籾Դ
һڵСɱΪ磬ͻÿʱÿ̶֮иתΪħܣ꣬Ҫġι
ʮ˵ҫ֮£ΪҲѸٴǿʿ۷һ½˴ԲȻֱӽ˰벽»ʿ֮
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ǿʿΪ»ʿշλĻ֣ǰĿԽڲ֮λ֮УҲҪһڡ
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ͷʯһնƬһɫĹâʯǵڷɳûڡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿ϲɫҵһ㣬ȻʱһݴĴԵ
ޣʿҪԼֻܹԼΪÿһ磬ʿ궼ǿһ֡
һڵʿ֮⣬ʿҲطרꡣЩʿȻֹޱȵطһ޷ʿϵľ硣ҾʿһҲ긯࣬䣬ʿࡣ
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΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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Ҳ֪˶ã滺˫ۣһɳǻۣǿޱߵ»ʿڵĿֲϢ֮лС֮ڣǳϵħĲк
ĻʮۺǸԲĻᣬһٳƿͬʱΪ»ʿڵǿڡ


548 ʱ
»ʿħǿ
˫ۣ˫۾·һۿȥܹŤռ䣬ݻ١΢΢һ㿴Լ֮һѾȫС籾ԴںϣһС֮Уɢһ˿˿»ĹâС硣
»ʿʱ֮һ硣ڵһʿʳʱЩʿ۳СǿߡЩСǿ֮һΪһ籾Դںϣһǻһöɢ»âǳ
һӵСʿΪҫʿڵ֮˾ͻתΪһ̫ųҫ۵չ⣬С
ΧȥֻЩṩ֮ĸֹѾʧ
һ貵ĹâҫԭʧһƬһ߼ʣһС֮С
ǰһֱҫ޾ӡʱ޿̶ڱ仯ţ·ڹȥڡδľ޴
ֻǡǾ޴Ĺһۣ޾֪ʶͬԭʱⱦ䶼ûԺ֮С
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ǹ㳡֮ϣâҫһʿֱӴ͵Ƭ㳡֮ϡ
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Ԫһǹ㳡֮ϣĿϣһĨɱǰ̤ͼʩչʱ֮ϵط
Ԫո߳һĲӿһ˻˼֮ǰ״̬
ʱ֮µķƣ޷ﶯ֡
Ԫӿһ˿΢΢һ̾ʱȥʼʱ̺֮ŵİ
ʱ˵֮ʱ֮Ծȡʱһƶɵıʱ֮гط
ԭˣʱⷨϧҵʲʱ֮׽ʱⷨʣҪʱⷨ±롣ʱԼĵ·мĺôҾҵķ򣬡ɡĵ·
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һȫںϣʵͻһ˷˼ĿֲزԼطʿʵ۵ĵ·
ʱıͬʱӵа˲طĳ֮
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Ķʱ˫֮һ£·̺һӡ˫֮ۡ
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Χʿɨһۣźɺܷ硢׿һ׷ʱ֮ԿʱǵʿһѾΪ»ڵʿǵҲ¶һ˿˿ϲɫ
ǿʿΪ»ʿһ޴Ĺؿǿʿ֮ԽʿԽͻƿΪ»ʿ
ʿʢĲ֮λ֮УʿֻͨʿǿʿǸ֡»ʿŲǿ֮С
ǿʿһƿ֮У޷ͻƣһֱ䡣ʱ̺İһ룬Ϳ˳ͻƿΪ»ʿκǿʿ˵һĪĻԵ
׷һеңǿʿļޡǽʱ֮Ϊ»ʿҽǱҲͨ»ʿҪǿöࡣ
һŭĿԶϡ
˳һŭĿ⿴ȥ㿴˿˹ŵȼʿ콾ǡ
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ֻҪһ仰ȾͻֱӺԥɱԼʿšɣȫȫ̷Ϊ졣ˣҲԥڸ֮ѳɱ
Ҳ֪˰þķɣؾ֮зŹΪ˿ȣϧһɫ󣬷Ź˰ȡϾһ»ʿǿʥŮɱȰмֵöࡣ
§ſȣһڣ¶һ˿ЦҪķ֮ʯʯͷ鱨𣿡
Ϊɣδ½Ĵ֮һ󣬻ĿʯǽصĿʯҲռ˴󲿷ֻ֣һֲ֮λΪķ֮ʯϡʯˡ
ķ֮ʯڲ֮λʮֳʿʵħְ֮ķ֮ʯΪһʹħرϣʿ񿪲ɣʹħǿر


549 ҫħͷ
ķ֮ʯӹ򵥣ֻҪ»ʿʿܹʹҫʿʿħرڵʿʳ񿪲ɡ
ӵʿʳʼķ֮ʯΪһսԴĿɡڣ֮λѾټķ֮ʯĴڡ
֪ڲ֮λĳطһڰķ֮ʯȴûа취ǰķ֮ʯŪ֡
սħҲùһЩķ֮ʯͱõƸǿر
ȻѾɳռķ֮ʯټȴѶȡΨһȷаķ֮ʯĵطǴĻʼұ档
ǴĻʼұɭޱȣ溣ܽȥҲֻ·һΪʼ㹻ĹѫпܶһһЩķ֮ʯ
Ѿô㣬ʵڲУͼ֮͢ڣ취ŪһЩķ֮ʯ
¶һɰ˼飬ѩ׵˫΢΢һģ¶һЦݣķ֮ʯˣλ֮Уһλ氲λķ֮ʯ֮⣬ʮλ֮жаķ֮ʯ
λ氲λ棿Ǹλʲô
λ棬Ҳҫʿʿ밲λܵλ֮ѹƣʵԽǿѹԽ»ʿУᱻѹǿʿҡ۳磬ͿԶʱڱԼʵ
λɾĴڣĿǰһ顣΢飬顣߸ֱ߸ҡ
߸ҷֱǾȸˮɻŵٹ
ߴֱǱѩ֮񡢻֮ս񡢰Ů񡢹֮ıɱ֮ߴ棬ս񡢹֮Ĵ΢顣
λĻ֮񡢱ѩ֮սĴ鶼飬λ顣ߴ໥֮Ҳݣ㲻ϡȽܵ
ӹһĨâǸλλ꣬˭֪
¶һЦݵǸλλһʱ򣬴һϹַõλꡣֻһ֪
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һЩ΢еģƫӪʿһὫŵλ䵱˲ء
ЩĺʿǻὫŵλǻͨаطƳ֮ʯԨħħнףֱ
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ҲһӰжȡ9λ棬Ǹλȴûиսħκˡ
ߣҲĳһһ9λĺ֡
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֪սħڼ»ʿĺüֶΡЩ飬㵱䣬ֻҪͽڣkk¸Ŀܡ
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һΣʱ֮Уսħһ»»ʿǿߣջ񼫴󣬱뾡ȥٰ»䣬ġ
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սħڵĳϣÿһĸ֪ô񣡡
һŻȷȻһĸߴݿ£ϳһӣòª֮һĹ˴ȷ֮зɳ¶Цݡ
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Ϊ׷ͳʿԼò̬塣
Ժ麮ʬħ㾹Ȼǵȥ·ѵ𣿡
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ʬħʵǿᣬԶͨҫʿҲԲԺ顢һȪīսħκһҫʿĶ֡
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ԺĿ΢΢һħɮ
ħɮ˵һʿλץɮֲ˵ķ֮󣬷ˣҽճΪһҫʿĿֲħͷڵkеĲ֮λҲǧ
һ澵ȻշɳһԸл𱬣һ͸ɴɢ˷ľɫ˴Ǿ֮зɳЦЦ߿ĿȺ֮еϡ
ԺĿһħŮ
ħŮأһԾӵ̬ǧ򣬳ڲͬĵطСɽԹɱǿ»ʿСɡkҲһҫʿǿߣʵɲ⣬ҲԻɱһλ˻ܹʮΣÿһζѣѲҫʿ


550 һӳ
ԺħɮħŮˣҲҪսħΪ𣿡
ħɮħŮҫʿǿߡԺսħҫʿоԵĻǡʮɵſɲЩɢܹĴڡ
սħʲô죬ͳͳҪ
Ȼһ޾ƴԶ·Ҫںڰ֮С
һŤޱȵĺڰ֮УɢĩһֲϢӴӺڰ֮߳һϷʵĸ·ڶսħڵǿߡ
Ǵ֮ϣЩֻӵǿʿΪʿ˫۷·ʧȥô޷ɢͬĩϢһĿֲӡ
ʿһŤߡЩ֮ͨʿ֣ͬŤŹߡֻҪkǲԸ⣬κ»ʿµǿ߶޷kǵʿ츳ҪκľͻӵеĿֲܡ
һʿԸ⣬kɱһǿʿʱһǿʿ޷
ɽħȻ㣡
һֱɫûκα仯Ժһ޾ڰ֮еӣʱɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
սħҫʿҲ¶һ˿־֮ɫ
ʿԽ棬ԽΪѡмĹذһͻƣʵر𡣵һذʿѧͽʽʿڶĹذǴʿǿʿذǿʿ»ʿĸذҫʿʿذʿ溣ܡذʿʥʿ߸ذʥʿʿʵۡ
ԺȻսħڵʿţӵҫʿΪ߼رʿȣʵȻ޴ޱȡ
ɽħȻֻһҽΪʿڵʿkʵȻǿޱȣȫѹ֮ϵˡ
ԺǳһǿʿڣܹпܽʿԼرⱱɽħҰ⣬ӱɽħʿѶʮֿѡ
濴֮еıɽħһĨ֮ɫʿǿֻһʿڵʿȻǿҵʵ̫ˣ
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ԺһɽħҪǾȻɱսħڵˣѵսħ̫ϳϵ׷ɱ𣿡
ɽħһĨϷ֮ɫţսħڵĻϹʵȷʵǿɣֻҪǰ潻ȥ͡Ȼ飬ôˣҿǻŴ뿪
棿
Ǿ޴ķ֮ϣսħڵǿʿ֮мԾĽĿϡ
ԺĿ˸ɽħʲô˹Ӷģҿ֧ĳȥɱ
ɽħһĨɭȻһЦҵĹʲôˣҲµ˼֡ΪôΪɹң˵ҫܹ֮óȥһܹһüǮ
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һ̺޾ŭɱȻ𣬼ͬһʱ䣬һӡ۳·ᴩһ㣬Ȼӱɽħĺ󷽼һ´˱ɽħڡ
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ɽħһתͷ㿴Ƕ֮УֳһɫͬһɢŲϢħһĻһӡkɫʱӿһ˿
һһ벽溣ǿߣԿ溣ܡɽħȻǻһӵĶ֣ȴҲ׼˼ԵرԴӻһӵѡ
ɻһӽΪ溣ܣټϻһӵ͵ϮһѾɽħѹرӡ֮ѹɽħ׼رñɽħҪѶ첻
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ħŮֱԼľһ꣬ҪͨĿռֱߡ
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һɨʬħһۣʬħüһըѿһöҫֱ֮ӷС
Ҫɱɱӻôãʲô湻ˣھˣҲˡ
ħɮ䣬üҲֱըѿһöҫ֮Ҳ˻һӵС
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551 
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һƬƬѪһ䶯·ҪתΪָаֻǵkǸոһֱӻһƬ˻ҳ
һӿɽħ˲䣬ҲӹһĨɵ֮ɫ
ҲӹһĨɵ֮ɫ¶һ˿ЦȻֻҪһ溣ҲܹɱаʱǾֵ̫ҫˣĳЩ˵ɱ
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溣ʿ溣ʿ
һ溣ʿսħڵʵǿһء

һ֮ʮֹǿͷһӦһӵϢ׷ɢ
һӵʿ֮Իһû۳溣ڵĴܡڻһѾΪ溣ܣ溣֮УҲѾǿ֮СЩһԿŵǿҲȻԸһ֮½֡
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漸ǽսħ϶˸飬ܹϸʿطԼĿƼԼװֲر»ʿ㿪ʼȷԼĵ·
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ûսħӴʿ֧֣ټ϶ܹԵĸʵ֮죬ۺ
һüͷ΢΢һľ֣ش֮һεıʵ̫ޡȻ˵ļʡԺ鳤ϼƲʱ֪ͨҡһΣֻΣˡҪСġ
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ħǰȣǶǵĺڰ壬αΪ棬ǸϾɱһ·Ķ飬ǽȻٱĻر


552 ħʿƶ
ǰ΢΢һЦź˵ħһȾ̫ǿͶͱնɱһ
ħһȻϵ֮⡣ԼѪԼһȾͨ࣬ͨȾΪħ
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·ڰһŮսʿ̧ͷǰȣ֮жһĨĽ֮ɫ
ɳȵ֮£δ½ڰһ嶼ʼŷȫŮ˿
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ħħһǿһ棬ʱһĿɿڴԼ۾
ڼǰһʿħǵõ鱨ҲֻǼǰ鱨ԴǱǰȲ׷ɱ֮鱨ԽԽԻáǸ֪ѾͻƳΪǿʿ
ħƷڹһɫħ֮ħʿƶ߳Ķ棬һĨ֮ɫ
ħʿƶһس棬㾹Ȼ»ʿ
ħħǿ߶ʱһĨ𺧣˿־֮ɫ»ʿ
ǰ֮˲䱬һĨʣ棬Σ˵Ļϲ»ʿ㾹ȻΪ»ʿ
ڰһǿΪ𣬳ǿߡǰȱȳ棬еܻǵССʿŴźڰһǿ粻ϽɱѹЩڰ塣ֱΪʿǿʿ֮Ŷ˺øС
Ϊ»ʿǰŷĲΣ˵Ļϲֻȹȥʮֹ
΢΢һЦһ»ڵĿֲѹΪģ˷ɢȥ
»ʿĿֲѹȻħôҲѹȵĲħħһ𺧣ſ־֮ɫǶû뵽һССʿȻڶ̶ʮڳɳز
»ڣ㾹Ȼһ»ڵʿһšٶȿÿ¡ԽҾԽ㲻á棬ڣ
ħʿƶ˫֮ŷĹâһЦһ»ʿڿޱȵħ֮ӿһޱȵдӵkĹؽ֮ӿͬһֲޱȵħѹ䡣
һһװɫ͸սħ׸ϡĬģһָһöӡȻɳħʿƶѹȥ
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Ȼӡ֮ħʿƶڣӲĽħʿƶһöӡѹ
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554 ˼
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ڰǿʳĵ֮棬˿ŮһնŮֻǿ߲ܹںڰ֮лȥֻҪǿߣЩڰͱǵĻ֮УǿΪѾЩڰ档
һǷͻħʿƶЩڰŮ˵ʲôҩá
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ǱӢǰһ޲ɷʳָ󶯣Цһһ̤գʧ
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ڿȻһǿʿڵʿȴѾһ»ʿ˫֮ĲྐྵԽԽΪ֮ʡ
תһ룬飬¶һ˿Ц⣺»ʿҲֻ»ʿҿȵˡ
ҪһУȻҪƵˡ
뽾֡߹ĿȲͬƵǿͬɳһȫΣ̷档ݣ˿һ̷ͬ棬Ҵ쳣ʲôƶԸ棬ȻҲʮܵĳ谮
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пɯ֧֣ͱƵǱƵǱɾϾڵУһǿʿҲʲô
ڶδ½ȹһõɫļڣĵõ˼ķ֮Żصսħڡ
һζδ½֮УӼᶨ治ʵ۷ľġ
ħʿƶǰǼսʤħǵһֱڶδ½˼ȡھѾħʿƶС
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ʱǾһսѾŴǿʿŴݿ
ʱǾ֮ǰֻֽǱһЩ鱨ռĴҡ֪֮󣬴ݿʿ֪Ĵں¼սħڵҲϵ
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սħڣ¬޳λ֮ϣŴ֮ڶǿߣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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սħڣ˵Ŀⶼϣ̽Ѱɵ֮ɫĿź橵֮ϡ
ЩӴظÿһӵ»ʿϵΪǵУͨ»ʿʲôǿʿ֮ͻʮ۳콾ĹＶǿ߲ӵĶ
ź֮ӹһĨʧ䣺Щ˵жûǣȫڿʦܡһＶһѹ󡣡
׿һܷҲͬӹһĨʧ֮ɫ
»ÿһ»ʿΪһ̣һ»ħʮĴɶΪÿһ»ʿٰһ»䣬ʾף
»ʿΪԽսħĵ̣һʱҲδػһ»ʿ
һʱ֮Уź橵˻˾޴ĺôҪ»ʿҪʱܹȫ׼˳»ʿȻҲǿнͻʧܵΣա
»ˣźȻսħ̫ϳϵ״ȴսԣȻԶԶҫۡ
˵ע֮£¬޳ֱ£·ʿ졣
սħһŵӡ洫ӶһĽĿˡ
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»ʿħǿߣÿһ»ʿ֮ڵ֧͸߲㡣κһ»ʿʸսħԿһԶһγһͷþ޴Ȩ
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¬޳΢΢һЦʦã
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ƺҲţʿѧͽǿʿһҲֻ˶ʮꡣٶöδ½ĵһŮʿſ޵ݡƺǿʿ»ʿʮꡣһͨ»ʿʱϳ߰ꡣ
ƺһ뵽ֻ˲ʱ䣬ʹӴʿΪ»ʿвӿһ˿˿ʡ
ƺ֮ûãǺڡšɡѩʮҲһʿĳϴǰףء
һŮԼһòޱȵֱṲ̊˴֮ڡ
Ů֮Уһһü֮һöһӡɢһɿϢ
»ʮܡ֮е»ھŽܣħϹ壡
Ȼ»ھŽܣϹ壬Ȼ̫ڲŹսħڵĻᡣ
ʱı̫ҫˡҴ󲿷ֵʿ֪֡Ͼʱʮ콾ľš̫ڱѹķâ

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ЩʿһĻһɫ΢΢һ䣬۷׷ס
ʥħڡʬħһõǹŶħħаѪ塢Ӱšһǵھǿʬ壬ʬֽɷоšŵΪΪײй죬˱˴ʮų⡣ڴ䣬ŵҲá
ħŶħǿÿһʵǿޱȣֻҪõkǵĻģ׼㹻ļƷ˽kǽ׵ĹٶȾͻͻͽʮѸ١ʥħڡʬħȻãʵȴʮǿ
»ʿۣʥħڵ»ʿսħɵܺ͡ħŶħ򽻵ҲڹħŶħʿϵǿʮϡ١ʥħҲֻһ溣ܡʿ֧š
ˣƾӴ»ʿʥħҲռλ棬ӵӴޱȵʮɵսħ֮ϡ
ʥħһ򲻻μκһɵ»䣬ھȻǰμսħڵ»䣬Ȼ˾ޱȡ
Źӡʿ΢΢һЦʥħڲʤ¬ʦ֣ϲ»ʿ
¬޳Щ䵭л
ʤҲΪ⣬ֱӴʥħڵϯλ֮£һЦ¬ʦ֣Ǳһĵ˵ڵʱǾ֮ϻʮʿ콾ΧǴ硣ĵӲһҪдһȻڴ˵أдһΣ
¬޳ɫһոս»ʿáѾ»ʮеĵܡҲ֮ͬд衣
»ÿһԻܽҫʿ»ʮÿһ׻ܰ벽ҫʿһЩСҫʿ
治ոսΪ»ʿճ㣬ʵǿҪ»ʮ֮е׵ﶼܡϾ»ʮܶǽ»ʿϵʿţÿһսޱȡ
¬޳ΪսħȻԸ汻衣
ڲ֮λ治ĸʿһʧ֮󣬱õɱĲЩдʱ˺֣걾Դܴһ޷ͻƣΪա
ǰս棬Ͳ⣬¬޳ȻԸ⿴汻ܣش
һĨƵ棬ѵҪͷڹ㲻ҵսǾ͹սħڲʥħڡ㲻ôҾһսսħڵ»ʿȫϵ˶սħڵ»ʿʲôɫ
ʤһŭģȵ̫ˣսħڵǻʮ콾ľšôһͷڹꣿôܾܾǵս㾹Ȼսħڴʴʣ̫ˡ֮һʮ꣡
Ȼʤǳ⣬֮䶼ڼ档˭֮⣬ȴû˳
¬޳ѵһ٣ͱʤĻҭóĬŭɫһšʥħڵʵսħڻҪǿϼ֣ʤѾǳԼĵӣҲ÷ŭ
ǣ̳ϣ΢΢ͷȻ̧ͷֱ棬һ֮ɫȻûнʤղŵĻϡ


556 аħ
温ȻһЦȤȻԼҾͳȫˡսҴӦˡǾһսˡ
¬޳ɫ棡
΢Цģ֪ЩʲôǸ綼û۵ķҲΪ΢ǿһЩУ߹һ㣬Ϊ塣Ҹոս»ʿķҲҵĶ֡
Ƥһ飬ʱŭһų˿˿ɭޱȵɱ
ȻսˣԿһЩСҫڵʿȴһֱû۳磬˰̡û۳ʿעͬ޵еǿߡ
»ǵı׼Ǳ۳ǿߣȻսˣһ޽ӽ»֮еҡǣȻ޷Ϊ»֮һձһ콾ֱӳԽ
˰̣ҲĽɡԥĽһʹ˰̽ҿһ³˷ŭɱ
¬޳üͷ΢΢һ壬һۣȻѾҾͲȰˡ
һ貵ĹâǴ֮ӿû˴ģռ䲨γһ
һɱӿһΣֱӷ˾ڡ
Ҳһ̤˾֮ڡ
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һָһţһӡǶžŸħͷ­Ȼɳϡ
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һһīǶžŸаͷ­ӡʹһͷҫʿа׵ƶɵħС
ħսסаħȻˣ
ħսʹ˾ͷ»ʿĶħȫƶɵرаħʹ˾ͷ»ʿаʬԼһͷҫʿа׵ƶɵررǳаرκһرԽеkǵ»ʿѾмʮ»ʿ׶رСȻܹǣǿ¡
һ벽ҫʿаħһ壬аӲı׶رɲֹҪд衯ô򵥣

Ǹһرʱɫ䣬һĨɵ֮ɫ
ħսסаħر˼аرر֮϶ǿҵ䣬ףһЩ߼رҪ¡
һЩҫڵʿԸ׵ΪУΪаɭɭ׶ر
»ʮܵݵдƾرû䣬аǿر޷Ϊ»ʮ֮һ
濴һۣӿһ˿ףܵĴϣов΢΢һһװɫսħȻ֣ϡ
սħط߾磬ɫսħȻɹˣ
ɫսħֻĴ̫ϳϲ޳ɵľ磬Ȼܹɹսħڵһţ

սħŵӡ洫жһĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷ס
սħطԽԽսħ»ʿûרطҲǽɫսħ֮רطҲֻкɫսħ֮սħڵҫʿרսħطҲֻǺɫսħ֮ɫսħֻĴ̫ϳϲɹڿʹطȻսħڵĵ˷ܲѡ
¬޳һĻҲһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾ɫսħ˼ʵ츳
սħطΪսħڵĸ۷֮Եͬʱ屶սһ壬ۼطҪΨһźǣطֻսطǿֱ⡢溣ʿط
ԽǿʿսħطǵþԽ¬޳Ҳսħط꣬ڻǺɫսħ֮߶ǰɫսħȻЩζ
ָһħһ仯һ׺ɫս׽ȫǣͬһɫս
ȥɣ
һӵһնһŤĹִаħ֮ӿ
һŤĹֶǱаħնɱĵ˺ɵ˵ʿȾ֮γɵĹ
ЩصĹһ֣󾺼Ϊ֮һΧķ羰·𶨸һ㣬ٱ仯ޱȵĺһ֮
ΧžһƬеȫʧ
֮һƬ谵ռ·Ϊ֮Ť󾺼·һ졢Ťޱȵ
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ڽ»ʿ֮ǰѾޱȵϢʴȫ޷
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ΧĿռ֮һ´ޱȵĲҽ֮һͷͷŤ͸Ĺֱӡ֮гӡ֮ڡ
ӡ̳ħӡĸܣѹħаƹĴڡȻ߾𡢾תЩطڿƹ֮ϣԶԶȲӡ
һƬŤĿռһı¶һֵ
һָһöӡ㻯һԴֱӡȥ
âһȻһɭɭаնӡ֮ϡ
ħаħ֮ӿγһۻ֮ӷʴȾӡ
аħرնɱħаħа꣬۳ۻ֮ӿȾر߼ر屻ۻ֮һˢҲᱻȾʴɷ
ӡ֧֮£⻪ҫħʿƶһȻŤſһ̣ӲĽһۻ֮С
һӡ֮ϵȻаħ֮ϣһʣһаħ䣬һͷͷа걻ֱӳӡ֮С
һаħʧȥа֮꣬Ȼ࣬ѡ
һ·һ˺ѷεĲҽУҵаħ


557 
ʿȻģǿĴڿǿޱȵطǱϾģЩǿڿطͬǿ֮ʿʱЩǿڵıҪöࡣ
ǵһʿʳʱ֮ӵʵʿ콾֮ͬбЩǿƵĹҪһЩ
رʿѾһ˼ɣӵַ˼ıرʿսʤһһǿ壬Ϊ۷Ĵڡ
»ʮ֮еĵܣһаħ֮ϣаħһٵʵһµ׹ȣ»ʮ֮⣬Ҳҫʿ硣
ʤһĻʱŭһҫʿĿֲϢ֮붯ָɵ棺С
ЩħʿħʿöħħаѪٶԶˣҲͨʿƾãսҲԶͨʿͬȱҲһȱݾԿԼʮŭģʧȥǡ
ʤʥħڵΧ֮ڣͬһ̫ϻʣҪ˭˭͵ʿ˵һŭͻɱˡڿаħٵʱѣɱ
аħرȴӵֹ졢аһ׵õúˣһЩҫʿħֶնɱıʥħҲࡣڱ٣ʤȻҲзŭѡ
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¬޳һһҫԲĿֲϢ˲ͷŶһɱ֮ͷŶңң˲ʤ
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սħ֮мӳطʿˣҲᱻ¬޳ѹ
ʤ¬޳Ϣɱ˫֮ǳɫȥָһ˿ɵޱȵĿ¬޳һۣĿٴ˾ڡ
ӡаħ֮ӡɵ죬һ̣һ´ϵľħս֮ϡ
һͷһͷǶħɵӰǾħս֮зɳӲĳӡ֮ڡ
ҵľħսף
һٴηһޱȵĲҽСǾħսһֱѣ˵ϡ
ʧȥ˾ħսסаħżգ·̫ڸǵаħ֮ʱʧֻɢͨ»۷ʿϢ
˫һһεѪᣬ˫۳죬ͬһţ棬㾹ȻһҵľħսסаħҪһҪҪ㲻ú
ʥħڵʿϲöħаͬҲױаʴò̺ɱʧȥǣûޱȡʮɵʿУҲԲ޴սħ溰ɱ
λڵ߲ħ󹫾͵˹Ը⽫ԼѪ⡢ԼһС
˫۳죬Źģһɿֲ׵Ϣ֮һɫŤ֣ͨһ̺ŴֲϢŤ֮ͨӿ
һӦһɿֲϢʱɫ΢΢һ䣺ⲻܹԸĴڣѵǴ׼Լһ׼λǿڣȡǿڳֵķ
ħǹᴩλ޾Ԩ֮нȡγɵһŲǵ֮ħ
ڵ֮ЩħħλĹħЩãǱͷħλ溣ħ󹫾꣬ԹħΪĴڡ
߲ħ󹫾͵˹һ溣۷Ŀֲڣڵ߲֮Уһʿǿ߶δǵkĶ֡ǿ߾ɳһϣҲܹĴڡ
ס֣䣡
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һǴ׼ʮеһжᱻħ󹫾͵˹ɵøɸɾҲ͵˹УתΪһͷǱħ
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аħرΪа̺˷˼һնҲܵȾ
»ʿǿ߱аħȾ֮󣬼꣬Ǽʮ궼޷Լ֮ˡ
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ҲӹһĨɫñˣ»ʮ֮еĵܣϹ֮ϡȻУϹҲĶ֡
ϹǰҲҪúõĸһѵɱɱ硣ȻװУȻϹǰȥ潻֡
ԴƵϹ忴һֻۣϹһƽƵᣬ·ûпһ㡣
üͷ΢΢һһֻ±ǸҪѲ֡
Ȼһ󲽣ҲȻܼͱˣصԼλ֮ϣ·ĸʿ졣
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ڳ˶ֱվ¬޳Ҳλ˸̨
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558 
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ֻҪΪЩ»ϵʿ䱸㹻ĸ֣ô»ʿչؿʮꡢϰҲӰҵת
Ԫħ󲿷ʱҲڱչоطûʲô¸
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ΪĹѫʮɡ˴ҲܹһԾΪͬʱΪάԼȨʮɡ˴Ҷǲʿż͢棬Ϊ͢ĹԱ
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һǺķ۳ڣѩ׹⻬ĵذ壬ΧǶŵľ޴ˮ֮ϣһޱȵŮĳ衢ʮʿŮš
÷ƳɵĸӰǾ޴ˮǳǸӰӰ
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ħơƵӻħþ塢ħܳѾ½֮ʮУǷҲʹá
ȻЩӵħܵرװ˳;ĳܹʹãһ뿪УвͻᱻǿħʴɹصĹ
ֻʽʿܹɵʹøħʯΪԴļرŷı
滷̾û硢ԼһЩĵƼֱﶼ÷ʵ֡Ƚǿʿ


559 ۾
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ʿʳħʳѾ鲼֮λķ磬Ϊħһ硣
ƾħһ磬ħ֮֮λƿأԶʿʵۡ
ֻǵʿʳ֮ħһһʿʳķݻ١
ڰʿʳ֮Ƕλ֮Ҳ뽨һ鲼֮λķ磬ȴʿϵƣղ֮
ǷһɹЩͻ֮λεƿСսħڡ̫ʿžͻΪЩĸӹҲ֮ǰĳȻλ
Ϊˣ֮λķ޷ڸ֮УҲԽԼķ硣
Ϊսħڵĸ߲֪սħڵļҪλ֮УѾ˷磬ǼҪλС
սħڣȫûз磬ҲħþƵӵĶ»ʿʿķ֮ҲװħþƷΪսħڵĻʿɥ־ʧȥȡ֮ġ
֮󣬱һֱڲ磬ѰԴԼΪǴĵطй䣬Χı仯Ÿоʮ档
Ƕ򣬷ɣδ½ҲѾʮַԶδ½ϧ޷ȡ
һ·ΧľͬһͨĵͼʿһƱһܺİɫۡ
ڵı˴ɱʱѾһݣһΪԷˡ
Էȷʵˣһͨͨİ벽»ʿһ֮Уͼǿн»ʿ䡣һżȻõԷ㱣ڲŽԷԼһϢͳͳ档
طֱӱԷԷǰƾǡһ˻һ⣬ûܹ١һƾǣôͰȫˡ
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ʿߣɨһۣһĨȵ
װһ֣ɪɪѸ㵽һߡ
̷ŮƳһۣһ԰ףһ־Ŀʿ
ʿĿǶ̷ŮһӶī·ڳ˯һŮϣ΢΢һЦĽС㣬ɡҼ϶һģǰȥһۡ
Ľժһī¶һ޾ףǵ·ʢһ仨һ㣬ޱȡ
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ĽɫһǾȻҽٳַۣڷ֮ɱˡѵħ˾׷ɱ𣿡
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ʿ΢΢һЦһץһ½̷ŮĲץסӲ


560 ѹħ֮ʿ
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ֻһҺɫķѾһɫĹâԶȥ
һĻüͷ΢΢һ塣ԼȻԽһҺɫķ٣ǡԷȴûǿֲԻߵĺɫ
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ĽȻһЦȡΪǩ
ĵǩҲһЦ磬ҽģлҡȻҾҪǸ̬ˡ
ЦֻҪ˭ܿôɰŮǸ̬ʧһδĴˡ


561 
һ·̸Ҳ˽ŮһЩ
ĽһżǼŮʿһߣطĸӵħǿʿĸ֮УҲһ˿
ʱһޱȵĹ¸衣¸ӵһޱȵ츳ĸӵĿֲ
¸ÿһͻɽϸ質һΣÿǸʱͻӲ֮λ˷ĸ
ʱ֮ξٱʱ򣬹¸֣һֱɱʱ֮һֵܣشʱ֮
¸豻ʱ֮նɱ˵նɱ¸ʱʱ֮Ҳ¸꣬䡣
ڹʱƣǿꡣʿʵͬһĹвʱ֮ڵǶʿʵ֮ǰʧܹٴΣkڵǶʿʵ֮ȻҲûеkܵĴ˵ʷɲļȴ֤kҲܹˡ
ǵڶʿʳ֮ù¸һЩѪַͨ˼Ľɷ˹ɵѪʿ
Ҳӵй¸ļܣkǵĸ溣ܶһ˿
ʱţߵѪҲԽԽϡִһ׸ܹѾʮ˲ˡ
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΢΢һߴڵС֮зųһϣѰŸֹӡ
ʿط죬סȻʱⱦ䡢ħ񱦵䡢ɱۼ䣬ȴҲҴ⡣
󱦵۷֮ӵйĪܡ󱦵֮һЩطִطҲʵϾִʿطҲ콾а˴ʿ䣬Ͼоɵط
߱鲼ȫȻĲูһһ͸Ĺâգȫ
Ȼоһ泩ǹڤڤ֮еΣԤжʱʧ
һĨɵ֮ɫħ˾ʿȻ£ͨط㹻СģֻǸħ˾ֳĶ֡
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һڵɾ뿪һɽȥ֮ǰʹ÷ԼϢԼһкۼͳͳĨȥ
λѹҲСֻܹӳǿʿ۷
һͷѱħͨˮɻĵ·֮ϣһ߾ĸӦڵı仯
ʮλ֮⣬λֻҪʵǿʿǿ߽УͻᱻλıԴ־ѹƣʵ
λ棬ǵλľħ󹫾ÿһ溣ܡʿǿ߽λǾŴħ󹫾Ҳаʤ
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˿һսʿ֮ϵսһԼڣһһ壬սʿֱӸ࣬һѻҳɢ


566 ڽ̲
սεȷḻһɫ˿սʿ֮һ㽫һսʿеսһתնЩսʿ֮ϡ
һһ壬Щսʿ㱻ʴһѶѻҳ
ʮ໪鹦ֲս飬ЩսʿܹĴڡ
һĿ࣬𷢱۵ǰһмãǱлȡȥһ
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΢΢һЦһƥӵгѪͳħŵ˹ȥ
һһΪ򷿳ǰСĺ㿴һʤѩף𷢱۵Ǻ֮С
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껹һ˫̥Ů¶ɢһɳʺȻܹ򣬾ԻɳΪʾǰż
ӹһĨâһ꣬໪鹦աϵط
໪鹦ս沢ɫͨƽӹݡطʿܹ׻໪鹦ʿ໪鹦˶ķתԽԽ
һɸ߸ϵʲôˣ
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ˮɻ壿
ӹһĨ˼֮ɫ
ˮɻǰŮճļ塣Ůһǰɹ֮󣬾һԾΪִˮɻĵһ塣
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һ漶ǿߣͶҲҪԴⴥŭȻޱȣһ漶ǿҪɱɱֻһҴǿ߾ɱֻҪıɱ֮ĸĹһ㣬ˮɻ͸ûκΰ취
Ͷֻˮɻĵ˳λ̳ˣҪΪˮɻĵһ˳λ̳ˣһ漶ǿ߸֧֣ԼΪҪ
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һļص㣬Ϳһǧˮɻĸ·ֻɸѡ
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һòӢü֮ȴһɷڽ̲ǿߵĮĿˮɻĸ·䵭ޱȵ
һһˮɻĸ·ֲתһ³һɫĹ⻪
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ˮɻ֮ڣطط󲿷ֲȱȫ޷ʿ֮໪鹦洦ɵãˮɻ໪鹦ˡ
һẓ̇ķԸУһĶ̷Ůǰ֮һ±һʮŨŲμɫâ
ڽ̲ǿһĨ֮ɫ໪鹦ھŲ㣡ܲʲô֣
̷Ůޱȵ򣡡
Ȼܹ໪鹦ھŲ㡣
ᣬ츳Ȼǿ󣡡

Щˮɻǿ߼һĻжһĨʺĽ֮ɫ
ڳ˴󲿷Ҳֻǽ໪鹦ġң൱ڶʿҵˮƽ໪鹦ھŲѾʿ۷ǿߡڽ̲֮ڣҲǸһС
ڽ̲ǿߵĮһ
ǰһ֮һ±һʮŨʮμɫâ
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⣬Ǵǿߣ

ˮɻǿ߼һĻʱһ䶯˿棬ж˷ܡޱȵĹâ
ǿˮɻ֮вʮˣÿһǴͨҪһ涼ʮѡھȻһǿǵߣȻ˾޴ĺ䶯


567 Χɱ
ڽ̲еǿҲΪ֮ݣǿߣ
Ůڽ̲֮ڸƣǿ꣬Ǵ漶ǿҲˡ
һǿҪڽ̲ʱڽ̲ǿЩ֪Ǻáǿˮɻ֮жһһǿߡЩǿҪڽ̲϶밮Ů̵Ľڻڽ̲ͷн档ڽ̲Ĵǿ߻ǵһ
ǿ˹ʲô֣ôûм㣿
һһɫۣĸߴ󣬽𷢱ۣޱȵӲ֪ʲôʱ棬һĨâЦ
ڽ̲ǿɫ䣬гˣ
˹δţĿϣ˺档
һ³촽һʵǿ³ĵĴǿߣӽаףڲɽʮ꣬Ž໪鹦˵ʮ㡣˵ڽ̲аŮø߲εطԴӾ͹ˡģҲᣬɱˣӿǺС
ʮħ˾Ѿλ档֮ЩҪɱȻ᲻ϧһдۣɳɱ
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˹һĨâһЦãסڽ̲Ҫ˲šֻҪΪڽ̲ЧҪһͳͳû⣡Ҹոսӵһڣͳͳ¡ֻҪǱֵúãŮǮȨҪʲôû⣡
˹һһؼȥ໪鹦ʮһصط
ӹһؼʱ¶˴ϲ֮ɫлˣ
ǹ㳡֮ϵһǧˮɻǿǿеؼ˫۳죬Ľʡ˹ŵٻԻͷܿͱ˹ϣ¡
ǿҲίһСͷĿְλҲίһСͷĿְλ
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һǧˮɻͽǶʱһ˫۳죬¶һ˿˷֮ɫǸׯ԰ȥ
Щͽһǹׯ԰֮ڣǼ˾ɱûжׯ԰Ѫɺӡ
Щͽ֮УһĮȻʯûг֣ӴģΪһɨ㽫ׯ԰ȫա
Ǹׯ԰󲿷ͨ࣬ׯ԰·Ƕٶսʿ
ڽ̲ĺƤӣ
ЩƤˣ

һǧˮɻͽһ³ׯ԰֮ں󣬴ׯ԰֮ڣһ´ŭɱ֮
һһͷɫӨ͸ѩıսʿԼһȼܻ棬߷Ƶĳ׹սʿһߴԼңͷŵٹսʿׯ԰֮гˮɻͽɱһ
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ǿޱȵıѩ籩ϯ֮£ɫ˿һһɱ飬ͬʱһ𶳽һ޴ı顣
Сˣ
һˬЦڿȵһֻ޴ȭͷһºĸ֮ϣɫ˿ȻĲƣڣȫӡ


568 
˹ıӰһĨ֮ɫһǿ׺˼㣡
˹Ѿ໪鹦˵ʮ㡣δǿȵĶ֡ȴ໪鹦ʮΪӲȻܣܣΪ֮ĿɿڴԼ۾
§ǱӡһĿȣЦһͷĴϣСˣӽӵŮˡ
ŭӣ΢ţݺһҧͷ֮ϡ
һɫĹ⻪ҫֱӱһۣһεѪӿе䣬˴ߡ
³һЦҵһƬӾϲ
ݼľ֣·һ³бç
ȶʱӿһ˿ĸоίˮ¡ӦΧ˹ڽ̲ͷ֮һճȻӲ͵Ϯնɱ˲Ӳᣬ³٣ȻˡȻί
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ǱŴǿߣʵǿޱȣף˵ӵбѩ֮Ѫ
һˣòĴ漶Ůÿ˹¼Ůڽ̲ͷ֮һΪ֮Ķ
ף⿨塭
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˹һת⿨壬ȻŮˣôҪܺŭ˲ڵĲгҲﲻ㡣
ǰ̵ڽ̲ڹͷͷֱггͷ֮УгĵλߣǲȨ֮ˡ
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Ͷ֮䣬͸ɵ漶ǿߣ˹ҲʮּɵֱӷҲɵˡ
ˮɻǣҵĴ漶ǿΪ£ɱ֮ȫƨˣȥĹ˻졣ϽĻһ漶ǿ߿κεطʮ
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һɱЩˮɻػ۶ͽǱԽı뺷
һصڽ̲ڣ۹ͣҲΪնɱǿߵĹѫֱγΪͳ֮һͬʱ²һ漶ѩɫŮϢҲǲڹΪ˵ļʡ
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ʳ·ѩһĿȴһȦһڰ˿ߵŮװѵһŮūҧгݵ滳У档
潫˿ȵ·֮ڣĬĬķ֮ʯĿǰĹѫֻܹһʮˡԶԶ衣۹ѫһķ֮ʯ·߲ͨʱ䲻
ûдħ˾λ濪˾в浹Ըһ۹ѫһķ֮ʯȻȴʤڰȫ
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ʮڽ̲ǿ߿һۣһĨɵ֮ɫնɱ漶ǿߵĸ֣ǿ߿ɲֿܹĴڡ
׵˿壬ɫһǲг˵Υг𣿡
һʮڽ̲ǿһ˿Ķ档
ڽ̲֮ڣͷ֮УһͷǲĲгҲڽ̲ƿߣڽ̲˵һ漶ǿС
¶һɭޱȵЦݣǲггȻôӽͲǲгˣӻΪµĲг
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һɫ˿׵µԴ΢΢һУ˲佫׵µԴжϣѪ·ɽء
ʮڽ̲ǿ߼һĻһһ׽춨Ȼоޱ䷢
гαװ죬ҾҪȥǸնɱ׷һȥˣֻʱ俼ǣ
һɴ漶Ŀֲѹ֮ӿͬһͷһ㣬ޱȵĶʮڽ̲ǿߵ
ʮڽ̲ǿ߶ʱһ亹ֱ漶ǿߵļз֮䣬Ǹ֪ѡѡгھ·һѡ棬ǰˣһ˶ᱻˣ
ףˣҺƲ
һڽ̲ǿһһɫĹȻɳһնԴ֮ϣԴֱն¡
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һڽ̲ǿһ¹ڵϣ²Ը׷״һַͬˣͬʱԸΪһУ
һڽ̲ǿҲֱӹ¹Ը׷״һַͬˣ
ǿȻԥ֮ɫ
һޱȵɫһǲдľǿ߾ͱֱն飬ء
һĻǿ־壬ң˺¡ֻҪжһͱһʬˡ
ף뱳ڽ̲𣿡
һиո߳һĸߴòһĴ漶ǿ߰ƴһٶڽ̲ǿߵǰһЦ
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ŮȡһСԼָһһεѪѩ׵ָħ֮ϡ
ħѪһӡ𣬷ֽһ׺ɫļУȫ
Ը⽫ҵԼһУ׸ΰ飬ȡڴ˵޽Լ
ȵĻո£ӡǺɫļ֮һɴ漶ѹʱ֮˷ϯȥ
棡Ǵ漶
棡Ǵ漶

ЩˮɻسǼһĻʱһ¶˷ܵĿ⡣
˫һæ׷ʵֱж٣
΢΢һЦĿǰаһֱ
һ
ڳ˶ʱһ棬Ŀ֮гȡ
滰һתҶͳһĽмӣ飬Ӧ
ˮɻͳǺƽȡˮɻȨֶΣһˮɻƿ֮Уܹ˳顣


573 ɱӰ֮Ӣ
ͻ飬Ǵ֮ڼžһƬһޱȵĿ벼ϡ
ˮɻͳ˭ܹȢ൱ڽˮɻС
Щ֪ж˴Ų޾Ȩƾ˵ľɫŮ˼ȴûܹ֡
ʱɫ䣬΢΢һףв𣿡
嵭һЦϵļȻһ°䣬һħصУһԲ
ˮɻΣյʱҲƽȡˮɻȨûᡣ
ĿǰҪߴΪıϣǴԶ⣬ȡˮɻҲ򵥵ֶΡ
Ǵ֮ڵسǿȥЩˮɻسһĬǿܹһˣͻˮɻĺƽٺò
ߣҧгݵĵ壬ȴȻſơϾһСŮˮɻͳȻ󳳴ֺô
һѶٺȻڴеˣЩ֮λаħķսѾʥŮǲʮˣ
ôܣ
ôô죿
أǸʲôԵģ

Ǵ֮ڣеسǶһʧ룬һĨ֮ɫسѾߡ
֮λЩսʿǰ˵أΪ˽ͽͳͳɱЩسҪͶܡ
еħһתһЦҵһֻаħװĲӡ
ϾˮɻŮͳʮֹϵףֻҪаħӽЩ߼Ҿͼ޸㣡
ˬһЦõģȥЩ֮λаħͳͳ𣡡
һȺȻڳԣҪǼһȺ֪Ķ
һߺȻǴѶٵĿֱӷɳſһ磬һƬƬǶߵĿֱһƬʴڳϯȥ
ָһţһɫĹ⻪ҫһƬֱӾһֱӷӡһɫԲ
һɫĹâҫһֱնء
񼶵ǿߣû뵽ﾹȻĴ֪۳ûУɱ㣬ȻڳȥһֵǮ
һһɫ磬ĸߴ࣬òӢޱȵʿ̤˷֮ڣʮͬźɫʿ
Ǵλ濪˾Ӱ֮ӳЩ¼˼λŮ֮⣬ͳͳɱɡ򣬵ȻԶֻ֣øʹࡣ
һϷʿŴ֮ڵˣһǿʿ۷ĿֲϢ֮
ŵʮʿҲһϷʵĿڳˮɻسһǿʿڵĿֲϢǵ֮
񣡣
ʮ񣡡
ôܻôİ񣿡

ڴ֮ڣеˮɻسһһĨ֮ɫޱȵؽе
ˮɻҲֻһ񼶵ǿΪػʮ񼶵ǿȫԽʥŮȫƽûǵĶ֡
ƿǿŻ˿ûߴ齻˼ֱӶѹ顣
֮ҲһĨֺ;֮ɫʧ񣡣ʮ񣡣
ʥŮǻԼǿߵ֮һսʮ֡ʥŮǶọ̃Ҳֻ·һ
֣
ɨʮӰ֮ľӢһЦ
һصĹһ¹ᴩǽڣʮӰ֮ľӢ֮ϡ
һâҫһ˿˿ռǰӰ֮ľӢϣ˴ʽĿռ䴫ر
һרſرر˾ر˾ʿر˾ѾʽرʽıռرڴĲ֮УѾһ
һ˲䣬ռһңԭǰӰ֮ӢϵĿռ䲨ȫʧ
һֲޱȵĵŹ˲ᴩʮӰ֮ľӢ壬ǵһ޴Ѫ
ǵŹķԿʮһɫһԳ򣬾ޱȵĻе֮ڵħеսʿ
壬ú
ǰ벽ҫʿǿߣֻλ汾Դ־ѹ֮£Žֻӵǿʿ۷ΪؿڱǵŹᴩ֮Ȼûеһ춯صŭһΣһײһԵǽ֮ϣǽײһ󶴣Զȥ
Щǿ¿λ滹һĿľǲɱӵλ塣Ҳֻǿ֪ǴʿֶΣԵӦԡ
ûпռңʮӰ֮ľӢԲһͱɱ
ӣɣ
ɱһһ֣
ʮڳɫħеħսʿȻֳֳ֣ɨ䡣
һħսʿǲϵͷſռŲſռ䣬޷ʹÿռ䷨˵ء
شжóٻ࣬ټλ汾Դ־ѹƣһͨ챾ʮ֮зӲһɡһ֮ͱʮŹ壬ͬһõĲһӰ֮׹䣬˵ϡ
һΣֱӷɵǰɫĹâҫһ㣬һָü֮ϣһӡȻֱ֣ӽȫӡ
ʮ񣬾ȫˣ
аħ𣿡
̫ǿˣаħ̫ˣ

Щˮɻسǿʮ񼶵ǿ߼˲䱻µħеսʿɱһĿɿڴԼ۾
֮һĨ֮ɫǿаħֲĵ
˿쵽ˣȥһϲ֪ˮɻԲǿЩаħġϴɾӵżҰɣ
һЦ֮һ̤նУͬһԶȥ
һħսʿȻͬǹһ㹰Զȥ
ǺޱȵıӰ΢΢һҲ޸Ҳ
Դ³ȴ˫ȣǴ֮еسԵʮֲСһ㿡ޱȣȴҵˣȥǲ֮λսȻ΢΢һ
һɫħսʿȻɳ۵ߡ
ûãһǧħսʿ۵ߡ
ǰ̵ĽڣɾܹӰ֮ѡһǧĴŮ
ЩŮսʿսȫħ䱸пƣĿǰ׶ΣԿǱЩԼȥսҪǿٱֹ
һ˾ʥŮǲԶһɽͷ֮ϡ


574 һԶ
һִһСɽɽͷֱѿһ°벿ֲָڶɽڲʮ׵ǼսȻСɽ֮Ͻ΢
ԶһҾ޴սʥŮǵķУǾ޴ս֮һλ濪˾ѹλľսʿÿһǴʿڵǿߣʵǿޱȡ
ʿҲǴ漶ǿһٽ㣬κһλ涼Όһ漶ǿߵĽ룬Ҳѹһ漶ǿߡΪ漶ǿ߸ƻλ汾Դ
λ濪˾֮еľ񲿶еʿǴʿǿߡֻЩ±ĲӲŻһʿ
ԹһĨâϧˣһӢȫɡ
һǼսĶڹâһҫһ̣һޱȵĹ֮·˺һ㣬һ˲Ҿ޴ս֮ϡ
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һҾ޴սûüſֱ㱻һصĹֱУ޴Ľһ±ֱӹᴩֱӱУ˸ӿֲĴը
ޱȵıը˲佫һʿɡ
һâҫǵʮǿʿҴǾ޴ıը֮ѡ
һǿʿǿ߻˺ۻĿᷢ˺ѷε֮壬׺Ʋɱ㣬ĲΪˣ
ױͳһλ濪˾ƽϽӵ»ʿΪһλ濪˾ľ׷սѫĺֵܺͲ¡
һֵܺͲ¶һڸɵȻѣ
ЩѾӷ²Ŀ˽⵽ĳʶ֮УûǼսӵܵĿֲս
ȻЩ֮λаħȻǰ¿λɱӣ޶û뵽Լ˻е壬ǰŮ̻ڽ̲гףȥǵֵһžۣ
Щ¼ȻǸͽرԸǣֱ񼫣ȥ
һĨ֮ɫɨһۣĬģһָ
һâҫһͷߴףԪλٻĻԪؾʹȻ֡һɿԽǿ׷ճɻҵԪ֮ȻһſֲޱȵĻ籩ϯȥ
嵭һЦһ֮Ȼ֣ǿޱȵԪ֮һ֮ͱǰ֮ȫɣʧøɸɾ
һǧħսʿеĳڹâҫһޱȵĵŹǲдʮǿʿȥ
ǲдʮǿʿһʩչطһǧħսʿһ
λ濪˾ǿʿÿһӵа벽»Ϊսǿޱȣһ棬ʮħսʿݻ˻ףء
üͷ΢΢һ壬һȡ˰֮Ĭģָһ
ǰ֮Ȼɳһɢ޾аֱ֮׷ȥ
ɫ䣬Ĭģһ³һԻ˫ǻ˫һģһǶ֮ںȥ
Ƕ֮һ³һ޴ޱȵͷͷһ֣Χ±˲½ʮȡ
ͷһײڻ֮ϣǻʱʮֹϨ
Ƕ֮ʮֹĳ׵ͷһ´׵ͷ֮ڣһӡâҫĳȡ׵Ѫꡣ
忴Ƕ֮¶һ˿Ц⣺ʲô֮ڣǴ˵֮еرаʥħڡ
аʥħǲ֮λ½һʿаħһʥʿͷΪģϡϣʹа֮мŵʥʿתΪаħ֮Ƴرаʥħڡ
аʥħڿԼߵʵǰʥǿߴаʥħԶݵʥʿ⡣
аʥħڵ˶ᱻаʥħ֧䣬Ѫ⣬аħ֧䡣һʥǿ߱аħаʥħ֧䣬õk޵һʱ
аħڲ֮λһƽ֮䣬аʥħҲش֪䵽ĸλ档
Ҳû뵽ԼȻõһаޱȵرаʥħһرȻܵشֻҪϵǿߵѪ꣬޸ٴν׳Ϊر
һᣬ˫һףһѪ˿ձ޾ĳɣһɰ벽ҫĿֲϢ֮б
ֻһָһͷǧ׵ĻԪؽֱٻŷ󺣵ʮǿʿϯȥ

Ҫ

һҽ֮УǾ޴Ļ֮һһǿʿֱӷջҽ
һָ׵ü֮ϣһɫӡ׵ü֮ϳ֣ͬаʥħһͬӡ
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벽ҫʿǿⰲ¿λ֮ѾԳΪһսʤľ޴
ˮɻͳ
ԼˮɻسǶھĵȴսĽԴӿǴӰ֮ʮǿ֮ǾףһεսѾǷֵܹս
ǽаҰڲ֮λǿУôˮɻسǾҪˡ
һѶһ³˴֮ڣЩ˷ܷϲ״ˣ״һǧһ֮λĴаħȫˣ
ʤˣ
̫ˣʤˣ
̫ˣ
ףɵƯ

Ǵ֮ڣһ´˷ޱȵĻ֮ˮɻسնɱǰβгûκκøУ屧е⡣ȫһԲ֮λԶʱЩˮɻسһ˸м֮飬һ̣Ƕ˸м
Ҳ˫һ죬˸˵ˮΪˮɻѾ군ˣӲĽˮɻ˻
˴֮ڣһĿ⼯ϡֻˬһЦһ§ֱӽ§˻Уȥ
ӹһĨ̺֮ɫһţһﰧſң
ڲĶߴ˿ǽĲ¶һЦݣͳˣ֮ԼӽҵŮˡ
ǴΧҲֻܹ§Ůͳʧ
ãˮɻ֪ҵ鱨ڰ¿λ֮еߴңǲ֮λԶֱǿ׶
ŵٹĴҵǲ֮λԶǿ׶֮ǰѾɢĴɢ
λڱѩֵıѩ򣬳׹λɽǷֱ뻷֮Уò֮λʿҲѰҡ


575 ѹҫʿ
ŵٹҲ˲ǿߡ
ȸȴ֮λԶһٻ׶׶Щ֮λʿɱһա֮ıɱ̻֮ǿҲǲ֮λԶشֻвǿѡ
ԴԴϵĴӾȸ֮ˮɻӿ
ǾȸĲ״ˮɻسһ˺¡ȫָսѸٵĲˮɻ֮ڣҶø塣
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ڳʤǰʮŮСķ
Ǵ֮ϣʮ컳§ˣһ߳ƣһŪЩŮ˵ĿЦŮӵָ֯һҵϢ֮С
ʤ֮ϣӸµĸһĻ˵Ŀ⡣ÿһλ棬Լ¡
Ȼ֮䣬һ󲽴˹֮ڣһͳ죬׽ͳ˧һˮɻȫˣ

ʤɫ䣬΢΢һһƱе˵ϣ˫һĨŭ֮ɫȵȷϹˣ
֮иƣǿ꣬ͳʮڣ鲼λ档ʮڳ֮УȫɴʿɵľҲֻǧ
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ʤͳ˧Ĳ֮λݾȸֻ֮ȫʮ¿ĵֿжôԸǴһԶʵ
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ʤһǸȻɱλ濪˾ֵܣһͽ
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û뵽ⰲ¿λ棬ȻǱ׷ɱ巴һɱһ;
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ЦǴĻӦûѡˡװģѾ۳磬һʱ֮ڣȫԷӳȫʢλ汾Դ־ѹƣֻܹӳ»ڵֻˡ
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ʤɫ䣬αˣȵ壬㾹ȻɱҴֱͬ磬ѵ±𣿡
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׼ϴԹĴ𣿼Ȼˣȥˣ
ɱһţȡСһ»ڵĿֲϢ˲ӿӡȻɳħϢڹɫųʤֱϯȥ
ʤһҧĬģȻһǣһ±Ϊһͷߴǧף·һĻƽ
ǳʤ仯ɵĻƽֳһ޴Ĺͷݺһã̺ӡֱӺȥĺӡ֮ϣͬһĴ˹ȥ
һӡʮֹĳ˳ʤ仯ɵĻƽü֮Ϻݺһӡɫӡӿ˳ʤڣķӡ
ôҿҫʿҲģ
ʤһ·һ˺ѷε֮һɱΪ࣬ձɫӡڣӲĻһޱȵӡûӡ֮ڣΪӡһ֡
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576 
¿λ棬ʮҾ޴սһսǾ޴ս֮ϵʿһγһǿޱȵıϣֵߴͳ˧֮š
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Ϊˣ֮ʯԼħħЩǿڵӲͨ
Ĵڣ֮һʮͷ֮ۡλλ濪˾רŸλսĴҲ٣ʿһսһ߽Щ֮սʿӡѹ
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üͷ΢΢һ壬ӿһ˿Ԥе
׽Լһ򾫱ͽرȫ𡣳ʤԼֱ򾫱ҲͻϮ𳬹ʮ֮š١塢Ϲ骽׻ɱµľҲ׼󲿷֡ڵѾʣ²һ򾫱
һڳڶཫʱɫ䣬־ŭ
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һʿսһɳЩ֮λʿǱ㱬һ춯ص˷֮ܺ
ֻһĸߴ࣬ò̤նУǾ֮ǰһ㣬һҫʿ۷ĿֲϢ֮һɫĹâûǾ֮ڡ
Ǿ֮һ·ʼѣǾ
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˾ԳһЩˣ

һ˷ܵʿ֮𣬽һʵǿޱȵʿ֮е顣
λ淨ѹ֮£Ȼҫ۷ĿֲʵʹǾ֡
ıɱ֮ӹһĨ֮ɫôֻ죡ֻ죡
Ů֮ҲӹһĨɶ񣡣ڸô죿Ҳֻӻʱ䡣
Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һʹǾ־Ѿߴ鿹һԶԴԴϵԮһߴ֮ʧȥߴӳ֮󣬸ֵܵסǿƵԶ
ǿЩŤһЦþˣЩǸͽһҪʬΣǺΪʲôϣ
ڣ
ǱŵķǼս֮װѾϵļڹâһһޱȵĹǾ˲ȥ
һɲ֮䣬һޱȵĹǾ֮ϣǾ黹ûȫѣͱһɣȫ
һֲޱȣԴݻǳļڹâҲ˳ƽλ濪˾ĸ˾ֱɡ
Ȼһһķ֣һ˲䱻ǹɣͬһ˲顣
ôҲҲʡ
ޱȵĲҽ֮Уʿֱӱʧ
ǿŽһĻĿɿڴг޾ľܣôôʿôܣôܻ


581 һ
ڲ֮λ棬㱻͵Ϯʿ۷ǼҲش޷ɱⰲ¿λ棬ͬܵλ汾Դ־ѹƣ涼½һֲĵزűǼһںɱ
һڼ֮һҷǼսҲǿֲһڷ֮ըѿ·ɽ
忴һҽǼսЩϧַǼս֮ʹû̫ǿˣ
һֱŵʮҷǼսһ½ϵͳʮ˲ʧȥֱӻĲ֮λԶս֮ϡ
ǲ֮λԶսһһҵըѿʿսıըɡ
սһĨâɱɱǣ
ߴһ´߶˿ޱȵʩչ̺ŷ򹥻Щ֮λʿȥ
ȥΪ
һĻɫ΢΢һ䣬ֱӻһ⣬һƬƬǽֱͨӷȥ
һӣЩ׼Ҵط»ʿҲԥתǽͨȥ
»ʿÿһӵǧ˰׼ҡԼС»ʿ֮⣬»ʿս֮ƴȫ
֮λʿѾȫƣ֮һ»ʿߣͬѩһøӶӡ
ߴȼᾧ·ͬ޵еĴڣӲʿķ˺ѿ
֮ŵսʿǰ̵ЩʿȥЩʿɱһ
ÿһݻһʿȻƾ֮ŵʧȥʿػʿɱһ
ǽ֮ͨвϵķɳһһλ濪˾սÿɳһսʮǼսڻ㽫һս֣ĹǵʿһսʿֱӺɡ
Щսûüʩչ֣ͱֱӺʿȻǿֲ֮ɡ
Ʊλ濪˾ľҲڿʼǽͨȥ
λ濪˾ĺԮԴԴϵӿǽͨģʿһǽͨ㱻ǿֲĿռѹ֮ѹƬ
һƲޱȵŰǺȵ£ӰɣٲӣɾҪΪ֮ˡ
һȻӣһܹӵȥһλ濪˾ľҵϣص֮λ棬ʾԲŹҵģҵЩֵҲԲŹûᣡ
һλ濪˾ⰲ¿λ棬൱λ濪˾֮һľʧλ棬ټһʿ䣬Ԯ
־޴ʧǻӣнڱҲԳе
ȵ£ֻҪȥһнпܣ
˫һĨҧûҪȥȥһнпܣ
ϣһһޱȵĹâǽͨȥ
ʮ»ʿҲڰǵǽֱͨӷȥ
ʱǽͨԮսԴԴϵӿֻǵʿܹͨǽͨߡһսͻսײ¹ʷ
ǽ֮ͨУսײ൱·һǽͨıҲֻǿħ»ʿܹͨͨǽ磬һ·
Ҫ
˵Щˣ
ǸȻǣ
군ˣЩˣ
һΪ͢սû뵽ȻЩˣӽҲǴˣ

һŭ֮һս֮ϣâҫһʿͬһŵȥ
ڴ֮еǽͨǴʿܹԽĴڣЩʿҲ˽ܣǾ֮ҵһ·Ǿǽ䵽¿λ棬ܹǱ밲¿λ档
ЩʿǶǾѵͬʱսľӢһǱ밲¿λ棬ôӵĻ֮¶Դ
ʮҷǼսâҫЩλ濪˾ľʿɨȥЩĴʿһһɱ
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޴ıը֮ڶһһҲ֮λսһǽ֮ͨзɳ⵽ߴȼȫΧ
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һһҲ֮λսǽ֮ͨзɳȻ󱻴ݻ٣ʿҲߴͳ˧֮ŵսʿΧɱ
ʮս֮󣬱Ҳûһսͨǽͨ밲¿λ棬ȻЩʿѾ¿λһиͳԮĸ߲㽫죬Ǹ߲㽫ֹͣΪ
ڣ
ߴΧɱЩд֮λʿʱ
װżڵķǼս֮ϵļڹâһҫޱȵĹ˲һºս񡢴ɱ֮񡢹֮񡢻֮֮ϡ

壬
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һĺ֮У˲䱻ޱȵĹɣֱֻʣö֮¡
һŤմɱߴ֮һץֱʧ
ͬһʱ䣬ŷǼսڹҲ˲˱ѩŮԼŮ°һ㽫Ůֱش
壬Ļ쵰
壬ҾԲŹģ
ŭޱȵĽ֮ǱѩŮԼŮŮдͷ­ֱԼȥһ·Լ֮ڡ
һս֮ڣһĨϧ֮ɫϧֻװżڣҪиļڣһ¾ܹЩһˡ
֮λԶɵ֮󣬰¿λߴһȻҪλֱ֮Ǳ°¿λΪԼĻ֮һ˫֮ìͬɵͣǲ֮λʿûбΧ˸ɾ֮ǰһ͵Ϯߴ飬ڵܣһɱ顣
ǽһеʱˣϣǣ
ǵ磬һԶ̵ɽһѿǿ˺ߵȵڶս˳𣬻һƬһĸǲƲߴ֮ԼЩѾʧȥֿʿȥ
ߴ֮֮УŮ񡢱ѩŮ֮һ·󳷣ŵkǵȥ
ս֮սʿǷǻеǰ̵ǻеɱһ
ֻӻûײһʮҷǼս֮֮Уǧ֮սʿֱӺƬ


582 
ս䣬kǵ֮֮еսʿҲûߴ֮սʿǼսڻ˺Ƭ
ǿ˺Ϊĵڶս˻һƬֱӴ֮֮УնɱЩ֮ŵսʿ
Щ֮ŵսʿ󲿷ֶʿµǿߣֻʮҴϵǿߡǿ˺Ⱥһ֮֮ڣͬһ㽫ֱ֮пɱЩ֮ŵսʿ
֮бը֮ϣԼ֮׹䣬ŵ׹ȥ
ÿµĻеܣÿһеܵս˿ѷɫǿߣȻмôࡣһΣյļһ
ŮԼ֮ڣǿ˺ߣв΢΢һ
ʱŮ֮£İѾȫָϢҲȫʢ֮ʱѷһ
ѩŮԼ֮ڿ֮űǻеɣתȴ벻һô죿ѵҾҪĿƿ¿λ𣿡
ޱȵսҹ֮ŵİսʿıĸ
Щλ濪˾ʿƲ׷Ͷ£˶ʮλ濪˾ľ
һУʮսڲԴ֮󣬻һսסȥ
Ƕʮսֻųȥ̽ԹÿһǵkǵϳҲǿֲ
ߵʱʵ൱һʥǿߡڵһʿʳʱһԼ֮ڣشʱ֮Ŀֲ֮
ǿ֣ʲôҪǿöࡣÿһǴ߾ȫǿԼԽõ飬ҲͻԽǿ󣬾Խɱ
һЩ˼ʮ΢kǵʿУвҲᱻֱѹɱ
Ƕʮսս֮ǰǰսһײһ㱡Ĥ֮ϣײķѣɢɽ
סĵãʱſǿޱȵĽ磬Ž磬ֻǿнݻǸܹ֮ڡ
Ƕʮս֮еĻеǹֳֳڷĽɨȥ
ĹͬһĽ֮ϣһ˿˿
ĿǰĹǿһ£ͿԻĽ硣
һ˲ʹĽ仯֮Уݳս
¶һ˿Ц⣺иӼ㣬Чķ
һռǰӿȻɳһ֮ϣĽ֮
һᾧЩͬһų⣬ȻսѸٵռ
Щųǳܾ壬ÿһ鳬ܾ̺ŵܾͨһ򱶡ܾǲĵս˵ıƷ
սһľսøͺŵǿ˺ߡսˣҪߵȼܹǱǿޱȵս
һ鳬ܾ̺֮ŵѾһͨǿʿӵеſֲĵսˡ
ߵķ֮£֧Сʱȫ
Ƕʮս˱ͬˮһӿս֮ڡ
սʵһͷħս֮ڣһƬһ߼ʵĹԭ
һƬһ߼ʵĲԭ֮УֳɲͬĲ㼶ǻŸֲͬ͵ĳ
ħʮֺսϲԡս֮УҲŸֳõkǽвԡ
Щħ֮궼֮תתΪߣȻ֮սԵȤ
֮ڣӵʵĲֲͬڲͬĵЩħ˾ͿĲЩ
ֻҪħսһ£֮ڵҲһתΪkĲ£߷
Щսһս֮ڣһ׹䵽˵ϡ
սӵнշκ˽ᱻֹСҿռ䷨Ӱ෨򶼱ֹų⣬൱һصС硣
սһս֮ڣϵķ鱨ѸٵĽ
ÿһ֮ڣᱻ²ͬķЩ·鶼ҪءЩ򶼻鱾о޴ĺô
ħȻ֮з裬ǵk֮ڳ󲿷ֶ޷֮з衣һ½շ֮󣬾еҲᱻ䷲֮޷С
һŹЩȥЩһ顣
Щﱻ֮ѪҺɽڵϣջâʧ
ĸֳǧЩﶼʵڵγɵĴڡɱǣҲֻһˡ
ͨԵĸѸٵжϡ
⻷֮ڣ෨޷ʹáͨʿһ˽ҲᱻǳǧĳĺϾ֮ڣʿҲ޷صʩչһЩ춯صϵ
ӴޱȵĻеһ·ѹ·ĳͳͳɱһֱ롣
һž޴Ĺǹ֮һ޴ĳѨһ޴ĳѨսס֮ء
սѸٵǾ޴ĳѨ֮ڣ˳Ѩڲ
ǳѨڲ洦ɼһööޱȵᾧ
ЩսѸٵĽЩᾧӶһգȻ֮ȥ
Щս˸ո뿪ãս΢΢һһռı֣һɿֲ׵ս֮ڣսֱǽ֮ڡ
սһǽ磬ʯ֮з棬γһŹŵ
ǰ¿λ棬ĿһǳһųҫޱȵĹâȻ׹䣬ʧ
񡢻֮񡢹֮ıɱ֮ҲȻǽֱɣһŹŵ
䣬kǵͻᱻǽɣΪǽ֮еһŷ
ܹkǾͿԽǷڲķǷٴתһ
һĨϧ֮ɫϧҵʵ㡣溣ܼǿߣȫرһãƳΪرΪƵرֲޱȣ缶ر
֮λܹ۳ʿʮϡ١Ϊʿսʦ缶رĸ


583 
ν缶رԼյַ˼֮ƳΪһر
ͨ缶رʿͬǿһ㼳ȡ֮ӵԴԴϵĿֲͬǿߡ
缶رħʳſʼĸħʳĺڲʵ֡
֮Ҳӵ缶رƷţϧ缶رҪ溣ܣר溣ܺķѾ޴ܹơ
ħʳʱǷ켫һʱħʱʿλҲԶκһʱħʳ֮УƳߴۼرһۼرƶɵġ֮
ħʳ֮ΪսƵս֮ʧػʳʱѾԶԶħʳʱ
ִʿ콾оͷչѾԶԶԽػʳʱȴȻȲħʳʱ˴֮Уϣ֪ܹ缶رʿֻһر˾˾ٱʿ
Ȼرʿв٣ܹ缶رҲֻаٱʿһˡЩʷڰ֮еϹﲻС
ö˳֮УսöڷλĻʵһͻǿͻڵһûʸǿͻ
ڷλ֮Уս鶼ǼΪǿĴڡϵ֮еս֮˹һǿ顣
޿ɽռһӰҲͰˣǸȾָսս֮˹Զֽɵ
Ҫǿ;һɸߵȼ񣬽ԼյתǸߵȼӵеķһ־ͬ
ս֮˹ܹ㹻սЩս̺ŵսϣͻƽΪΰ顣kɺƽַ֮֮ͻųͻõkʵ
յķְԽԽãҪ໥ϵ໥ϲСʿо֮д˵֮ǿ֮·֣һ־鴿ִһһְ⵽˼㣬Ҳǿ˼㡣һյķְ໥Ӱ죬໥ϵ໥ϡеķںеְΪʿʵ۵֮ʡ
ĵ·һֱһߣ֮λʿܵǿÿһ˵һֵ·ִֻһһְ⵽˼ǿߡڶֵ·ǿΰǿߡֵ·ʿǿҲֻһ΢Ĵ
ھսʤ֮ɳ˴ս˱鲼λռ䣬ɵĿʼƿ¿λϵͳ
ڶδ½ɣδ½λԼӰռݵ9λеıʼ
ڰ¿λҲʼСȵսˡ
λ濪˾ܲڡ
һų֮Ϸֱ߸ˣ߸˾λ濪˾ߴ˾ÿһӵʿĿֲս
λ֮һֻèǴλ濪˾˾Ħޡ
ǳһһλǸ˾λá
һɼžǴ֮ţЩ˾ĿŽλòɨȥ
ĦصѾڰ¿λ棬ͳ˧һԼͳ˧ľʮͳͳڰ¿λ档
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Ȼˣ¿λ棬һȼҫʿλ𣿾ЩôֻҪЩ֮ڣôܹɱ
һپʮ񱻸ɵˣǸɱ

ߴ˾ɫ䣬۷׷׵
λ濪˾һ˸ŴͷĦһһֱ񡣽˾ҲͳϽһ񲿶ӡ˾Ƿֱ±ѵʹλ汾ԴԼֱһ㸺Ǳ߸İӰ֮
һССλ氲¿λ棬Ѿʧ˽֮ľսʿһһʿʧλ濪˾˵һش˺λ濪˾Ԫ
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һĿĴһŭɫ¿λЩȻɱλ濪˾ˣﲻ⣬˾ˣһҪѩޣǡ
Ħ޼һЦ˵úãģµĲӣ¿λ棬һҪԼе
Ŀ˸նܣֻ²а¿λЩ񣬻˾Գ֣ѹ¿λЩ񡣡
һĿһ¼˰Ħ޵ϡ
¿λλ溣ܽ밲¿λҲᱻλ汾Դ־ѹȵҫʿ֮
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ǰĦ޲ΪԼ³ͷôkλ濪˾֮еĵλͻἱ罵͡
ĦӹһĨϷ֮ɫҪչоһʵ飬¿λ飬ͽˡ
ɫ䣬һȵҲܣ
¿λ붼䣬˶λһˣǰ¿λǿ߾Դûͷ֮£ʿУҲΣա
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һӡڽϲҫγһɫӲĽʿΪȫӡ
һĻ˾΢΢һݣҲһ˿춯
һ񱩵ϢǰĦӿһè֮ĹâҲλ濪˾˾б£ýҷҡû£͸ʵʵһΣҲȲ㡣


584 
ʧȥ˰ͷǹǵĽͷ­һ䶯ʿӴ֮£Ѹٵ޸һ֮䣬޸˴롣
һĨԹ֮ɫʹͷҧгӦǣ˾ˣ
ǰĦĺèһһ֮УޱȵʧҪչоû鲻Ҫң
һĨԹ֮ɫзŭĦޣ㾹ȻңҾԲù
λһڴľŵλ棬λ֮Уһһڶͨࡣ
һλռӿһҳһǧ׵ľսǿռ֮зɳ
һλռ䣬ʿİλ֮Уһ·ɳʮɢſֲϢĴʿ
ΪһһۣĿĴʿȵǴλ棬ʲôˣ
һޱȵĹâս֮зɳ֮γӰ
浭սħڵ档
Ϊź۵ʿʱʧɫʧе棬Ǹһɱλ濪˾棡
ʮʿҲɫ䣬ſ־֮ɫ
λפصʮʿλ濪˾ǿߣλ濪˾ϢȽͨȻ֪ǰλ濪˾УĴʿС
ʿ䣬һ뵽Ҫ˿ֲĴڣЩʿǱһĨ־֮ɫ
ңѡһɡҸʱ俼ǡ
ÿˣǴʿ͢Ȼش˵ءôش˵ؾҵʹʵǿҲǶ֡ÿһҳҳɣ
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һҳҾͳȫ㣬ȥڤɣ
һ䣬һǾ޴ս֮һߵ֮ϣһǹĺ֮£Ѫ·ɽ
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һʿһսħھԲǴĶ֡㱻湥ˣҲᱻءҸһϣˣ͢ҲǵļˡһͶ٣ҽ͢ʱҲᱻɵںƴˡ
ʿĬģֳַǾ޴սһָ
һս֮ʿͷ­֮ϣһʿԴֱӺ䱬
·ʿѪԣʮʿһʼʩչ
һܼǿ˺ߴǾ޴ս֮зɳʮյĿֲٶʮʿȥ
һӰʮʿһ˲ķѣɢء
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ǿ˺רѹʿ֮еǿߣǻеǹеĻǸάΰ
濴ǱɵʮʿĬĬǿʢʱڣҪݻ٣ضԶ
һʿĩڣЩʿֻҪԼ޷Ĵڣϲѡߣѡ񳼷
ʮʿ֪淢Ǵǿʢʱڵ֤
кâĬĬȻΪУôľĹ˰ɡ
սһ磬ݿһ㣬Ǿŵλ֮ʿ΢ĵֿһһݻ١
Ǿ޴սɳ̻˷Ǿŵλռ֮Уʼ޽ϵͳ
ͬһʱ䣬սֱܰλ桢λ桢λ桢λ桢µλŵλ棬׵ĴݻŵλķŵλƿС
ŵλÿһλ֮жӵһϵ˿ڣڶķṩ֧֮һΰڡ
ԽǿҪ֮ԽǾ޴һǿڷûǧͽŷkôkͻ˥ǿ䵽е
еҪһϵͽ֧֡Ҫʮϵͽ֧֡΢ֻҪǧϵͽ֧־Ϳάִڡ
ҲӰĴڣһЩõһǿ鲻ͽİһյ䵽顣
ŵλ棬ӵ黯˵Ҳһʾ޴ĲƸ
ʹƵڣɢʿǵڴ֮ڣһǿޱȵʿվǴ֮ڣÿһʿʵħ
Ǿ֮һϽһһۣŨüۣòӢϵӰ顣
׼Ǵ壬λ棬ӴޱȵԴӵطӵĵۼط׼Ҹƣǿ꣬ǿƵİ׼֮ӱǿߣǰ顣
ʿŲͬһ֮ǿ߶̫ϳϣǸµƿߡ֮еĻʵǿΡ
Ϊʿ֮УǿΪһʿʵۼǿһ˾ͿѹڵĲ֮λڴĻλ֮ϣԶԴÿһδĻʵ۶溣ܡ
ǰ׼ҵľ콾䣬ʢ״̬ǰλʵնɱǰλʵ۵жȡ˻λҲǰ׼֮Уնɱǰλʵ۵ǶλľǿߡҲǴ֮ڹϵµһ֣ۡ
֮վ̫ʦ̫̫
֮£顢ʷ䡢ͨ˾ʹ
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֮⣬ǳ֮͢ϵسһɢſֲÿһǿħǿڡ
ʿֻҪ»ʿξѾȫɱ䣬Ϊ˿ħһĴڡĸʿĿѾǻĳ֮һֻҪЩ»ʿģʲôλʤΣԱȷøãǿٱֹ
ʿʳħʳһۼرΪħһۼرûйɱȴԼʳγһ֮Ļʳ֮
ħʿǻʳ֮ҷַĹְҲʳ֮
ħʳΪħʳĻʵ۱·ַ䵱溣ʿǶ̶ǧ֮ڣһΪʥʿǡħĿֲ֮
ۼرڰ׼ҵƿ֮У׼ҲԡħΪϷչ׳ճΪǿļ塣


585 ŭ
ĳ͢ħʳһģһΪʹáħһۼر
ܹһͳ֮λ棬ǡħȫͻƵʥ֮пһٽΪʥʿߵĻʿʵ֮
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ЩĹԱͨԼ鱨֪λ濪˾ͳͳ˰¿λ档
ͳ˧ǰ׼֮еĻӰǣڰ¿λƣһɱ˴Ļ־սħڵľ콾档
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λ濪˾Ǵѹλһֻһһ±൱һʧ֮
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֮⣬׼ɫҲ켣Уһǣ浽̫֮Щ͢ǶҶԡ
̫һһлӱΪ̫ӣͿáħ֮дŵĻʳ֮ǿ˸׽溣ܡ
һлӽΪ̫ӣʵۼݱܹ֮˳µļɴʵ֮λԶáħ֮ڵĻʳ֮ѹˡ
ڰ׼֮УһЩ̫ӱ˻֮⣬̫ӶȻ֮˳ǻƵۡ
鵭ĮĦְأȥλ濪˾˾һְλ濪˾ߴ˾˭ܹɱ˭һλ濪˾˾ŵħ˾ͨʮλ
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ħ˾ͨǰλɶ溣ܡ澹Ȼܹǰʮ涯ɱ
λ濪˾ȫߣλ濪˾ָٰܹԪ۲ŴԵı˵һСĴ

Щ͢سһĬȴκˡ
ħ˾ǰλ溣ܵͨǾŴ溣ͨǴľСkǶѾλ֮У̤֮λ档
ħ˾ͨʮλ൱ħ˾ĹĶɱϡħ˾˾溣ҲпܻԳ֣ɱ
鵭Į̰ð´ܣΪˣħ򡣽̰ۣλ濪˾˾һְ䡣
һǳ͢س֮УҵĴɫ䣬ӹһĨ֮ɫ
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λ濪˾֮УӴλ棬пҵһЩӵλꡣЩӵλÿһۡ
ЩӵλǾŵλ棬ҲĽ̻ءߵϵλÿһޱȣΪߵϵλͿ顣ЩʿԸΪһλκδۡ
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鵭Įκ𣬷ʲô£
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Ǿͷɴʳ֮۶ɵĹ֮ڣɱ溣ܡ
˶ܹоڻλ֮ϰʵʵŭ
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׼ҵǿһΪ溣ܣͿԳΪ֮һӵо޴ȨͬʱԻԴͬʱһߵλΪԼķء
ڳǸж΢΢һװǶŭһЩ9λ涼ޱȵĲƸ˶ˣǾٶˣ˻ݻ9λ档Ͼ9λķҲԴԴϵṩᾧ
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ڰŭʱûд󳼸ҿȰ衣Ͼһ֮ǰʢŭڼ䴥ŭ˶Ѿˡ
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Ҵһռ֮һ̤
ǰ̤ռһ˲䣬λһӴޱȣ·޴ڵλ־ȻŰҺݺѹȥ
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һЦһ溣ĿֲȻӿǾŵλıԴ־֯һ𣬾ǽǾŵλıԴ־һѹ
溣ܣ
λϵͳ֮Уһ´ʾעһλ棬ҵһʱ俴˰һʿݣӲĿһλ汾Դ־ѹȣѹλıԴ־
ɵڣ
λռһλ֮УբŴ򿪣¶һѾȫϵļڡ
ܹԷţŰҵַӦԤж
ǼڹâһһޱȵĹܹĹŰҷȥ


586 ɱ溣
ػ֮ܣ
ӹһĨ֮ɫһ֣˼رػ֮Ȼɳ
һߴףǶһööר˾ػְر֮ȻɳʮöγɵһֲȻѡ
һһػָ֮߳һţâǡâǡâǡâĸӡ۶ɵ֮Ȼ֮֡
һֱӽʿɱļڹһ֮ϣǾâǡâܴ֮ݻ֮ܺľʧ
һǰ˼رػ֮ܣϢʱһʿ۷һ±ѹƵʿڡ
λ֮Уλ汾Դ־ѹƣ溣ȫ޷ԪָԼÿһ֣ͻһ֡
ֻЩ۳溣ܹܲκλ֮жԴԴϵ
λ汾Դ־𣿾㣡
һĨ֮ɫϢһУػ֮ջأ֮һ¶һͭɫĳꪡ
˼رǿÿһ溣ܳǿߣһֻܹһ޷ͬʱ˼ر
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һװ豸̨СͰλ˲䱻ֲıըֱɡ
濴һСͰλ֧飬еһ溣ܣһֲǿУֲô͢ɳǿĹһǰݻλ档ǲ֮ǰոսأλĵ͵λ棬Ĺް취
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һĨâĬģָһţһޱȵӡС
ޱȵķԪȻۣһޱȵķзЩǿ˺նȥ
̺֮Ŀ񱩷֮Уһܼǿ˺ߵķֱ飬ɢ䡣
һĻȻˣƵȻٴιγһܼܲսˡ
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ټܲ˲ͱǿ񱩵ķն顣
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ڲϵһֻֻ߳һˣһƬƣһ˰֮֮ϣŰҵ
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λ棬ѹλ汾Դ־Ѿʮֲɣءλ涼ų޷һħܣҲ޷Щӡ߶鳤ꪵķӡ
һɲԤУɶڲ֮λ棬Щеܸ޷ҷֺڣ볷ˡ
԰溣ڵĿֲȫԽλλ汾Դ־ֱӴݻ١λ汾Դ־ϾҲһλ壬ڸʶĴڣûôױݻ١
һ߿λıԴ־һ߻ҪֵǼɱ֮ǳĸֻˣвһ˿˿⡣
λ֮ڣһңһȴ֮йâҫǴ̤֮Ԫ¡
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ֻҪܹɱһ溣ܣ۸ʲôۣ涼Ը⡣
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ʮڹ˲˰Ҳдͷ­֮ϣһҵͷ­ñһ롣
ʮڵĹڰҵͷ­֮ϲսҵԴ飬ֻʣһö溣֮֮С
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һŤޱȵĺ溣֮ӿһʱһޱȵĲҽ֮
棬㣡㲻ú㡭
ŤĺԽԽʧ
Ѱ˺һ֮󣬲Žһö溣֮˵λ֮潨ʵ֮зȥ


587 
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Ʋ𣬾֤ʿšʿҪôͻλ̽գһꡣҪôͻչоһһΰꡣЩʿڰ׼ҼΪҪ˻ơһ䣬ƻ֮ڣͻһյϨ
ƻʮյƣʮյƾǴ׼ʮ溣ܵĻơ
Ȼ֮䣬һɿֲ籩Ȼƻ֮ڶһյȻϨ
һػƻʿһƿƻĴţĿƻʱһĨ֮ɫʧˣ
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׼ҲһϼҳǸϼ塣ǸļȺ֮˥ܣ׼ҳûͰǸϼһħۼرƿСϰ׼ҵ֮۲Ŵԣʮɡ˴ҽ֮һһѹŵǶλ
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ʥڣһƣɵɽ֮һʥء
һ³֮ڶһһѩʿ۵İ֮УǷ·Խǳе˫ĹʣȻ溣ܶɱˣԽԽˡֻһʿʵۡ
ʥڵһս֮ϣʿʬ壬ǱѪʬ鲼ս֮ϣֳһ󽣣ԡѪ¶һ˿Ц⣬Цҽ˵ֵܣ溣ܶŪһŪ׼ҵ溣ܣҪķˡ
֮У׼ʮ溣Ϊ̣ԡħΪܹ溣ܣΪһ
һ׼ҵ溣࣬ô׼ҽƿܿ͢ա߸Ҳǲܵ顣
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ʥħʥӻ§һˣȻһ̾溣ܣȻ溣ܶСһ
˺ʵʥӴˣһ溣ˣ
溣ȥĶλ涼ǿһУڰ˴ʿʳ۷ʱ溣Ȼʿʳ֮еĴ
Ƕ֮Уκһ溣䶼Ǵ¡пӰ쵽һ˥
ʮпһ֧ŵ溣䣬ͻᱻ䷲ʧȥʮɵλá
ʥħʥӵ׼ҵİңսħڵС
˴һ֮д벻˼֮ɫʧôܣսħڵ»ʿ꣬ôɱһ溣ܣվŲҲĻ
ʥħʥζûյ˵ܻɱҡʿ֮Уûʲôܵ顣򣬵λ棬޵еİ˴ʿʳô֮죿յ˵ûһǰ˴ʿʳĶ֡
һĨɱǸô죿
ʥħʥЦʲôô罻ܹǷǵ飬Ǿٺòһδʿʵ۵飬Ǽֵǡûнʿʵ۾ͱ˸ɵˣĴҲΪеĴҪöࡣ
ʥħʥ΢΢һ̾һĨ֮ɫϧʥħ֮Ψһп濹ĴѾ֪٣ֻ»ᶯģ߾ȫɵ


588 ֮λ
սħһƲ֮еĹ֮ڣսħĴ̫Χһš
ŭһ׼ҵʮ֮һұɵˡ
һӳ죬ЦһһӵĵӣɵƯҶû뵽Ȼܹһ˲𣡡
̫ϳ϶ЩһЦ
һЦϹĵӸɵ̫Ưˣɱ˰׼һ溣ܣ׼ҾԲưոݡѾˡ
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Ǵڹϵĵһ֣ʵǿޱȡҴ֮͢䶼溣ܡ֮⣬˭Ҳ֪׼ҵ׻Ŷٸ֡
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һȫܵսħƿصĵλ֮ڣսħڵǿӻǴҽǸĵλ棬ʤҲδ֪֮
ŭԥһµһ뿪֮λ棬սħλ֮УԶҲ޷Ϊʿǿߡսħλޣȫ޷֮λᲢۡ뿪˲֮λ棬սħھʧȥǿĸ
սħռ˴һݣһṩĸԴ֧սħڵʮ溣ܣάʿ»ʿ
һ뿪˵أսħλĵλ档ŭʿҪΪ溣ܾͱڲ֮λѰٱֹ
սħλĵλԴ޷֮λᲢۡսħһսħλֻܹ˥䡣
һӵ䶼溣ܡеûһ˵ʵҺʦҪǿ飬ҺʦֶδĶ֡սħھƴһսҲ͸ɵ溣ܣȻͻᱻ鵴ƽʲô壿
һһĨâһһ뿪׼ҵĵָʱȻҲлġңȻܼҲʣǾݹսħڲ塣
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˵أںڰ֮У֮ߡ
֮һޱȵĹâʱսħ֮ڶһâûγһޱȵӡ
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ӳͳַսħڵԪ˧ִ֮󣬲ûмڽǲϵĻ۸һʳսħݵ
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ŴݵˣݣȴŴɱôܣ۽ʿ
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֮䣬ڱĲɽ֮Ϊɲǵľͷ֮һ
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ӹһĨ֮ɫӦĻͭսʿȷʵһֿԸıһǿر
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رݣرǵرҲһеرǺرﹺرǿԼ
ĲɽճǿӦرͭսʿ֪һûһ˾޴ΣС


598 
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رԴӦȷʵǿԸıһǿı

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Ƕһ֣ʿͬȷÿһӵ»ʿص¶ӵһʿΪ񲿶ӡǿʿÿһʿǺܶࡣŴ֮⣬ûһǿʿǧˡ
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599 ɱ
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΢΢һЦӹһ»뺯֪ѾϲӵܵȦӴŴС
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»ԵһСɽׯɺɽׯ֮оС
ħܳͣɺɽׯ֮ǰһħ֮ܳ£һħ֮ܳһ߳ߣԡ
һʿĻǰλʾ뺯
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ǲɽ

һ桢ĽʡɵȵȸӵĿЩŮ֮ϡ
ɽѾһᴫݡ֮ڣݱͻͭսʿսʿرչֳ˿ֲӵرѹԵơ


600 Ķ
ǸʿŶóħǰͭսʿսʿر
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Ŵʮĸǿޱȵ໥ԼûһӵдݻĿֱֲ֮£ͭսʿսʿͼʿرͳΪ˾һ˥Ĺؼ
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ϯ£ĿЩŮ֮ӹ۾΢΢һ
֮еŮǶʿҶĵȼطʿ֮⣬еӢŮŮһá
ǿŮ֮У˼ΪĿŮ·𶼳Ϊǵĳһ㡣
֮һ˱ݰ˴֮һеڶĻ档һһһɫɼ׵ꡣһǴһ޺ɫȹԸл·ȼһŻ棬ɢһʣ˿仨ľɫˡһһһ£˪ѩüĿ续ƽһ㣬ʥ࣬滹Ҫʤһľɫˡ
Ϊҽһ£һλǲɽ
΢΢һЦֱӽܸǰˣͬʱҲڳһһܸʶ
ΪŮ֮Щ֣µĽǼΪڵܣһλݰ˴֮һеڰ˵ı֮һλ֮չҵľչáһλرĻ档
ƵһλǴ»֮еǰɡ
Ҳһһ˿֮ɫ»еǰɣ׼һɫ֮һ
»ǴΪɫ»ʿÿһ۳ľǿߣԻʿ
»֮Уǰ׼ҵˣҲ֮Ϊ׼һǿšû⣬»ǽʿֱֻн⡢溣ľ޴ؿпס콾
֮Ҳоݵ㣬ĿǰݵŴںƽڣ׼ҳľȻ֮ɵ
Ұ׼Ǵ壬ҲĿǰһǿɾ൱ڰ׼ҵĹλԶԶڳ֮ϡ
ȻһЦǲɽ˲𣬾ȻսʿرܹҶȤʱĻɲ̽Ҳɽص
һЦΧķ羰·Ϊ֮һ˼㡣ȻǼ㣬ʯһЦ֮£Ҳ΢΢һ
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ǺԸеľɫ˱չһĨ⣬͵ûʿ˵ԼΪһСҾͼһʿʹͭսʿ˴ʿǸ޷ʹļĴʿǰһ
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չöʱɫһһ졣ʿ֮ìܣҪͨʵ
չ˫ģһףϴż̺ۣһ־޴ѹȸеӴһ˳չһ񹧾
չ΢΢һЦɽһǿʿ˹˵ǧǿʿúöһ
һΪңʿΪԴսݵĵطЩƵûл·ʿŶӵ֮ڣͼɽ
֮ʿǵķдʮƽЩݸ߹󣬳ŵʿǻ΢ʿЩЩ΢ʿо
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һЩԭһԿϷʿжʱ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һǧϵħļֵǧµħ֮ϣ֮ͬӵ»ʿصʿȫҲֻϵħֶľ֣Ѿܹ֮ΪЦ
ЩŮ໥֮ҲΪжĶ֮ĶעѾܹͨĶݡ
չкâһţЦãˣԸһǧϵħˣҪʮװսʿر
չȻΪʶ濴˳ۣȴҲرսʿǿ֮ʮװսʿչһ¶ʮǿʿײʵ൱ڷһչҵʵ
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չóһᣬʮصʤ
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ָһţһƴСľ֮зɳһԣγһӵпռ֮С;
˹һΣֱӷС;档
浭ȥĻɱ
ǣˣ
һܲ˻Ƶ΢΢һΣһ½С;ڡ
˹һͷԼ¶һЦݣ׺ޱȵŵ治ãȻҡеǿʿѾʮˡ㽫ΪеĵʮһǿʿͶüȻԻڣΪʲô


601 ֲĲ
ս֮УҲʮֹؼһŵʿӵǿΪޱȵرս֮УȴᱻЩʵ֮µĺʿɱΪǵ鲻ǿʮɱս֮зӲɡ
˹ҲһֻҪսʿ־壬ս֮УͻԷȫʵ
ֻǰ˹ĿŶǱΪĲȫЧȫû顣޷ԶԼͬҲᱻšţֻٷ֮ٵķӳӵеս
һ򵥣ǸֵĶ֡
˹һİӹһĨ֮ɫĬģһ·֮һǴһȦһףͷһֻ۵а
ааһ֮еһ־ͨͫааĵֻӵлƽŤյаһ֮ҲǼΪǿһа
ޱ飬˫һ׵ĸƵǹŵС
Ƶǹŵ޼᲻ݣʿҲӲնѡҲؿǿս
Ǿڣվڰ˹ǰͬһͨվһͷаǰһ㣬˫֮ĴڸУȫһȼ֮ϡ
ɵԿʼ
ɵĻ䣬һӰ˲ԭʧ·𴩹˰˹һ㣬˰˹
⣬ôܣôᡭôٶȣ
˹һ־һҽУ˲Ѫ飬ء
ɱˣÿٶȣ
Ȼɱˣǿǿʿ
ÿٶȣǲɽʿ𣿹Ȼǿÿ£

ڳЩʿŵʿӢǼһĻһһŰŸ֮ɫ
չҲһĨ֮ɫʿǲɽĵ𣿹Ȼǿÿ£Ϲʱʿʵۿ֮Ŀֲ
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չõǿػһһз˵ӵһκҪԲɽ̽븶ʹĴۡͿԼʿŶԲɽ̽
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ϣչһһâֱû߸ʿü֮С
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㣿ǲɽǿʿʲô㣿
ô㣿ǲɽǿʿôǿ˹ֱɱˣô㣿

ЩԸŵʿһжһĨ֮ɫǿһܲ߼ֱǿò˼飬һ˲ͽ˹ֱɱҪ֪˹Ͷչ֮ǰҲһպյǿʿеǿʿʮˡ
߹һǾĬģһǿޱȵķΧӿһ㡣
һâҫ߹һ¶һۿȴ絶һĿ֮С
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һɲ֮䣬߹ķѣѪɢء
ǰնɼεûһѪÿһ·һϸǣ֮£һ·ɵ֮ϣճ˲ȫָ˹
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ǲط𣿹Ȼǿ󣡡

ΧʿһĻһһ۷׷ס
ʿ֮УЩط溣ܺܶ඼ܹնסġѪȻǿʿֻ֮طʿܹ쵽һ㡣
ʿʳ֮Լ伫Ϊӣֻвɽ˵k䡣
ɽʿʳĿ֮ݻ֮󣬿֮ҲֻǻĲƪ
ȱʧĲ֣ʿ޷ǲд֮пǿطڴʿܹ֮ӵƲطʿΪϡ١
չõһһĨɵ֮ɫǲɽط𣿹Ȼǿ󣡣
֮һĨ⣺ʿȻǧ֮ޣտ֮ĿֲûˣطҲȻǿ󡣡
浭һսñ˰ɡչãһǧϵħһ֮׼á
չƤ΢΢һ飬Į֪ˣ
һǧϵħչ˵ҲһСĿչ˵ҲֻС鷳
Ҳ΢΢һΣصߣ·һһ㣬ĬȻվ
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602 
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ǲɽȻȻܹҵĴڡ
һЦǷһ֮УһռɰİЦӯӯ˳һУһƬѩ׵ɴС
һ䣺»֮еǣȻȻܹҸϵˣ˲𡣡
ʵĸۡ鲼ӻˣͬʱװŸָɨϵͳһǱĸۡڴ֮󣬾Ѿ淢֡
ҪϢĴԽзߣңҲֻЩͨǱطϵʿпܰ쵽Ȼᱩ¶ԼѾ緢ְɵ֣ǽ˫ʲôͻҲһ㣬ݺݵĿһѡ
ӯӯһЦһĨ磬ǰһɳ֮ϣ٣˵
׹˴ǰңʲô£
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֮λһ鱦أЩԴḻĸ֮أǿʿռݡԴḻȻ֮޷溣ܡȫݵԴڲ֮λĵطһ溣ܡ
ɽΪһҪع֮λĹʿţ֮ܲڻһ֮ء
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һĨ΢΢һЦѵ׼Ҫݣǰʮһһ磬ԪܴᡣҪָܹԪʵ۱Ӣ䣬Ȼʱ˾˶ôܳݣǲôܴŴ֮пжʳȡôһأ
Ļʵ۰ʮ־ʮϳ֮󣬱㿪ʼϢԴ͢˵
κ˶ֻҪʱ䣬ͿԻָȫʢпܸһ¥ʱ֮ڣ԰ľԲܴñݡʤҲͰˣǰˣЩڴ֮ڣʹҰļֻ¾ͻҸͶ
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ȻһЦʮսʿͭսʿЩرңҾ͸㡣
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ʮսʿͭսʿ൱һµȫЩرȫһֻӵ»ʿصʿһԾһԿʿػʿš
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΢ЦһսʿʮͭսʿҿͷΪݴ󽫾۹Ӿ
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һȻǴѾչҹԨħҪȫݻ١
һЦԨħʲôµģ
޾Ԩͨλ棬˵֮ǻλаڰڰ档޾Ԩ֮ӵǿĴڡ޾Ԩ޾ɱҡ
ЩԨħϲľɱ໥ɡЩײСбƻԨħŻܵԨԭ졣
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һȻǹͨԨħȻûʲôµġǹ666Ԩħ󹫾Үա
ҲӹһĨ֮ɫȻǵkǵkĻ鶼ˡ
޾Ԩжٲ㣬˭Ҳ֪666Ԩ󹫾Үȴ֮λ档
ǲҮһ溣۷Ԩħ󹫾Ԩħͬkƻǣӵһֻʹš
һֻʹǲҮһ߹µʹ䣬һǵkʹøʥǿ֮ʯټ϶ʹ췽ɵĴڡ
ҮսڵʿʳħʳʱǲǶʹΧɱһʿͬʱڵڰʿʳʱ򣬹˲֮λ棬kĶʹһΧɱһʿ֮⣬ʷ֮Угһ溣ڲҮյĶʹС
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666ԨҲ޾Ԩ֮һλ棬޾ԨЩ򳬷ħƿصĵչ벨Үչᣬ˵ᱻԨħƿء
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£ûȷʵ֤ݣҲ֡
ȻһЦһŷƵǰֻҪһЩͻõҪ֤ݡ


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ǿ֮һǿʿʼձ˫ۣ˿ûвղֹ
һ߲鿴Ÿϣһ鱨չ666Ԩħ󹫾ҮչһҪһͳݡһĻعġɽһϢͬҲԸ⿴ݱԨ󹫾Үռˡ
ݱԨ󹫾ҮռݣЩԨ󹫾ҮվӵһͷǶʹžͿΪǰؽΧĸݡ
ʹ֮еÿһʹҪǿԼ֮ʯܹɹʹõزľʿһԨ󹫾ҮռݣkԻĽӶʿꡣ
ЦҪҳͷǳ롣ݱЩԨħռˣҴ˳ݾˡ
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ֻǲɽȫ鹹һݣܹ֣ǵȻòǲУҲԴݳǰչ
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Ϣһݶ
Ԩħһݣ˵һ޴ѡǵ666Ԩ֮еԨħԨԨħҪӵ򣬿ɱ࣬Բа
Ԩħ󹫾ҮյĶʹպգķɵkĶʹÿһʹĵʿ䣬걻ᡣ
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ʮǧսҲģһɳɱһֱͬײ˲ɽ֮ڡ
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Ȼرǵȴرѡļ̳ˡֻرǳŮűΪ
Ŵʮĸʿŵļ̳˶ʿ콾Ȼʮֳɫر֮Уȴɫʿš
չӣ΢Ц٣ܹζʲô㣬ӦúŶԡ
浭ҪôѾǱڣҪôǲɽ֮ǵˡ
ɽǴʱſ磬ʮӵ츳ĳ鲼ɽڡҪϢκǱ벨ɽǼΪѡ
չӣȻһЦûڲɽ֮ǵˡչǸ˼ɽǵʿױǰ벻ɽչˡֻҪһʤˣݾͻǵ֮
ŴѾγˣ벻չʲôʤ㣿棬ĲҲǵĶ֡
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605 ͻ
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ķӡ߷ͷǷӡȦͬʱһƬֱӷ˹ȥҶϣҶ
ʧȥǿҶֻܹ־ĿԼֱɣձķӡǷӡȦֱӷӡ
һŤĲҫ֮еս˶ͨͨ·𲻴һʧƬ֮С
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һŰֽϱ仯ΪνģĴ̫ϳϵΧһһ£̶ʮ֮䣬νеʮҳѪֽʧ
еѪֽʧ֮νһ̾һΣԥתԶȥѾƴĴʿ£ֻܹ֧żʮʱ䣬ͻᱻ
νһӣħа̫ϳϡ̫ϳϡˮ̫ϳϡڤ¹̫ϳĴʿתΧչΡ


608 Ԫ
ǲд̫ϳ˼·ʮkĿҪܣǽɱ
̫ϳ϶ʿһӣҪɱǼΪѡһⲨɽ֮ڣ̫ϳϣôɽ֮µľͻᱻɱһա
ҴӴ˵ѣҲһ̫ϳټشչ˵ʿͿѸٵԼøǿ
չδʱѾӺ̩ɽ֮
ǰ˼ر̩ɽݻɵһ޴ɽʿΧ֮£һıš
ٲ߾ˣ
չ΢΢һĬģһģһâԶȥ
Ӻɫ䣬ƿڴЩ˵
ƾչߣǷΧӺ꣬Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڣӺɱ
һռ䷨鲼ƪգȫӺĹ켣
̩ɽ˼رųݵһ˼رӺҲ˳֮Ϊ̩ɽꡣೡϣӺ궯̩ɽܽأɵ鷳ɱһʿҪöࡣ
ƴȫҪӺɱֻҪӺһ֮еƻǲдռơ
ķΧ֮£ǰ˼ر̩ɽݻγɵ̩ɽӲıɷ顣
̩ɽҲڤһ֮£ֱɣƵһԶһѺۡ
Ӻ̩ɽܱɵһ˲䣬Ͷ
ΪһʿӺ껹ƾõɲԸôȥ
һޱȵ¹֮һºӺ֮ϣ¹⾻֮£Ӻ𽥱
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һɫĹâӺƵ֮мͬһԶȥ
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ر̫ϳ΢΢ģһ£·Զתʲôر
һڵĽһնһɿֲ׵ĺڰһ֮նһر֮ϡ
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ϣһУǹֱӷУʧ
̫ϳϿǰȻվ֮еϣж΢΢һ֮Ҳ˿Իر̫ϳϣҪɱر̫ϳȴܡ֣Ҳδܹɱӵౣرر̫ϳϡ
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֮еŴ󲿷ֶǴƾãӵмǿ̵ʿšԶ֮еĶʿֻɱձȷݣֻ֮Եһݵ㡣
ǲдÿһӵ۷Ŀֲսǰϣǵı⣬Ȼг룬дȻһһɱսƿС
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һֱʮִݵϣ׵֮ϣ΢΢ݣĬģɫӡ˵kеĶʹ֮ϣһеķһնԪ֮ϡ
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һֻƴСĹȴϢķɵϣǵľ֮ݺݵĲҧһڡ


609 
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ǰƴСĶж棬ӵпֲ׵ľ綾溣ܱkҧһڣᱻԣձҺʴ䡣ԨħߵĴڣҲֵסĶԡ
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ڤ¹̫ϳڤϣǵı̺ڤϢһצŵkĴȥ
ϣ֮һĨĺڰԺɫһſɫĹ˷ȥ
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һͨʹ֮УҲδܹһʹҳʹֻӵнǱҪ׳ΪʿĳʹͬΪѡ
һʿĳʹԿһЩСɢ溣ʿϣǾȴǿĳʹҲԨħ󹫾ҮպķԴһǱĳʹ
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һԨϢǴ֮һɫĹâҫ˹γһһװˣ𷢱ۣһɫװòӢаȵӡ
ǵ666Ԩħ󹫾Үգ𾴵ʿҵľųҡԸѵkңҿΪܵѡһṩһòħŮá
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ᰵ֮ԱģһܰˡǸʹ˿¡沿ϸ¡ټ֮ʯԼһϢɵĿܡЩʿûз棬ű
۾һһᣬŵһЦħŮôǴֱʣϧ󹫾£ҶԳʹϣǸȤǸˡ
ħŮԨ֮ħĽ壬ÿһħŮ»ʿϵǿڡ䱦Ԩλ桢λԼʮλ֮Уǿ˽裬λھ顢ʹ֮ϡ
ڵʿʳħʳʱһʥʿóһ8λǰԨλһħŮû֡


610 ȫѹ
ħŮ֮Ҳֻ΢Ķһ¡ħŮߵĽǱҲʿħŮܹΪħŮʲܹѪΪ溣ܡʥʿ
޾Ԩƾõʷ֮У֮λ֪ħŮҲֻһ֮ʱ򣬱֮նɱһ׷ɱ֮ʱ򣬱֮Ƴµһħܡ
ħŮ֧ŵ777޾Ԩǵ777޾Ԩˡ777ԨҲǿã777޾ԨԿѵһħŮһħŮΪħŮЧħŮʸǱ֮Ϊ޾ԨһŮƵ˶ԶԶȲħŮô
777޾ԨħŮҲӵ溣۷Ŀֲǿߣ777Ԩλ֮Уʿǿ߽ȥҲᱻkѹ
ħŮʮѵãǶ˵ǿԿһЩ溣ܣӵǱĳʹϣǵļֵԶԶħŮ֮ϡ
ħ󹫾ҮӹһĨźʿȵź㾹ȻѡҵĵˡѾסϢˣ´μ棬ϣܹú̸̸
һɫĹâҫħ󹫾ҮյһɫĹâϣڵķȥ
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ʹӡǲɱƻ999ԨųǿĶʹӵʥʿֲ·Ǵһʹ֮бѵĳʹ


611 շϣ
ʹ·һλµĵһʹͳ˧ǿޱȵʹŴһĹԣλս
һս֮Уһͷ޾ԨλԨħʹ·֮䡣ͷħ·Ϊ˶ʹֱӴһֻӴʹŶ޾Ԩ999㣬ҳΪ޾Ԩ999ˡ
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޾Ԩ666λһռ꣬ۼ˼ɾһ㣬ԿĶʹԸн޵ħԼ޾Ԩ֮еһЩŮħĹ
ǹһ԰֮ڣɼָ滨䣬໨綼ͬʱ໨ԨĻ֮档
ǻ԰֮ſǿޱȵķ磬ǻ԰룬ббһʻŮһޱȵӡʻŮϣ԰ֺ֧ôһ˼׵Ļ԰
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ǿޱȵħŰһСʱҮղǿָƽ˫֮г޾ɱ
Үǵ666ԨԨ˭Ҳ֪kֻ֪kȻͳΪ˵666ԨԨҲΧʿʳħʳһսնɱһʿ
ӵʿʳħʳʼ𣬲ҮյҲѾߴＸʮꡣ⼸ʮ֮УҮʹֶΣһ˼ʹƽһǧһֻʹ֮УҲֻʮʹսʿԼϵĴڡ
ϣǲǲҮǿĳʹǵkĽǱȴڲҮǰĴڡ
666Ԩλ֮УϣԨԭļӳ֮£Կһ溣ܡ
һǿޱȣӵпֲǱĳʹߣȻòҮбŭѡ
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һ¹Ҳƽ֮ڶ֮УһʥޱȵĹԡ
ĮΪѾͶ˲ɽӦúŶԣ
һ·ȼźɫĽ·˺һ㣬һնڤͷ­֮ϣֲޱȵĺڰ֮ӲıڤӲնء
ʹϣǣ㾹ȻҲ˲ɽ
ڤ̫ϳһĨֺ;˺ѷεţ֮г˲š
ʹǿĴڣԨħ󹫾ҮվԻڵkӡ
Ԩħ󹫾Үǿʿǿ߿Ŀֲڣkµӡ֮УҲûмܹkӡ
ֻһЩۼرʥرӵнԨħ󹫾Үµӡ
ǳʹϣǾȻ棬ֱţ˷˼
ˮ̫ϳһ¹âһֱӻһޱȵ¹⣬Զȥ
ʹϣһ֣ǾζžŴʿҲûһ˿ʤĻᡣ
̫ϳֶԿϣǶʮֳǰħа̫ϳϱΪħаڶս̬ټƴ9رԪ˶δϣǵĶ֡
һɫ˿·ݻΪһ޾ɳֵ磬ˮ̫ϳ¹һ֣Ӳ˽ȥ
ˮ̫ϳǱ޾ɳֵɫ˿֮гͻ˼£Ȼһ䣬һ޴¹֮һնɫ˿֮ϣɫ˿նѳһӣֱӴɫ˿֮зɳ
ˮ̫ϳϸոմɫ˿֮зɳһ޾ڰĶʹ֮޾ɱŵkֱն
ˮ̫ϳ¹⿪Ը⳼һ
һ¹֮ܵһ¹֮ǰϣһն¹֮ϣ¹֮նϣһɫĽһն¹֮С
ˮ̫ϳ¹ⷢһҽУʮһŤ֮Уһò㣬ꡣ
ڤ¹̫ϳѾϣնڽ£
ڤ¹̫ϳڲɽһս֮УѾ˵ԪǿԿ溣ܵϣǣڱ͵Ϯ֮£űѸն
չΡ׵۷ʿѾ˰֮УһӵĿˮ̫ϳϡ
һŤһöӡ֮зɳһӡˮ̫ϳϵĶͷ֮ϣͬʱһ򿪣ӡ
ˮ̫ϳһ̾Ϣһ·ԼķƾӡͷŶӡԼ֮ϡ
ڤ¹̫ϳϱϣնɱˮ̫ϳͶǲдľŴʿŵʿǶʱʧ룬˷ȥ
Һĸ֮ѸӥսٶȸߴʮգȲߵٶȻҪʮա
Ѹӥսķ׷ɱ֮£ǾŴʿŵʿ˲ء
ü»ʿѸӥսԼս˵Χ֮£˺Ƭ»֮Ҳȡ
չҡҶҡ¼ҡμĴʿҲͬˮһӿĹǾŴʿ
ҽˣ
һ

ǾŴŵʿǼȥ׷Ͷ
Ͷɱ
һĴ̫ϳҲ׷׳µʿʮҪʱ˭Ҫײǹ֮ϣԻΪɱӺֻ
濴·ЩѡͶʿ׷΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ݣҵˣѾûܹ赲ҽӹݡ
ԶһۣһĨ֮ɫ֮УҲֻħɽҵƿ֮С
ħɽʥʿ붼ľյء˵֮УħɽҲ溣Ԫס
ƿݣҲǰħɽһ̽
ڤ¹ڵʥɽ֮⣬֮һһҵսս֮վݵʿ
һҾս룬һǶ䱦ĺŴ֮һ档
վϣǡ塢ˮ̫ϳϡչΡҶν𡢳ߴʿǿߡҶν˻ûкȫ֮⣬༸ȫʿ۷ĿֲڣϣǸǿԿһ溣ܵĳʹʹ
һֲޱȵϢʿ֮ӿڤ¹ʥɽ֮ϡ
һâҫһһۣӵ׳Ϊʿڤ¹ʥɽ֮зɳޱȵңңһڤ¹³Ǽɽٱڣʲô£
浭ҲɽҪһͳݣڤ¹ֻѡҪôҡҪôѡһɡ
³ɨʿοЦһ̾ڤ¹Ը⳼ɽԸΪɽЧ
ڤ¹ʥɽĽ磬ҵ˽ȥ


616 ƿ
ڤ¹ʥɽĽһ򿪣սֱӷʥɽ֮ڣڤ¹ʥɽĸҪȫա
չʿҲŽʥɽ֮ڣڤ¹ʥɽȫһ飬ûκ쳣֮ӴʿŲŽڤ¹ʥɽ֮ڣʼڤ¹ʥɽ
ڤڣֻܹı֮ϣһǱķ֣һЦ޳Ҿϳȥأ
³ڤ¹һɬվһԣĬͬ˸ӵĸ顣
ɽڲ֮ǰ³ʿУҲһӵǱСڤ¹ʥɽΪ֮ȡ³ȻЩζ
һ̤ڤ֮һرǳ
浭ɡ
ûãһһ£崿ˣˣͬһʻ㽿޵ľɫ˽
һµľɫݵڶŮ棬ҲǻŮ
һ»رǳ
һԵĻҲһ֮ȴһĨ֮ɫ
棬ҲֻΪֻһȽϳɫͬ꿡塣ֵмӴ
ΪرǳΨһֱϵѪ֮һ֮еĵλΪߣܹȵ޼Ϊ츳ҲȻнʸ
ڵǸô棬ȻһԾΪ˾𾴵ĸҲҪͷӵĴڡвϡ
浭ʲô£˵
رԸ벻ɽͬˣȫΪɽر
ЦǰҲҲɽáڣҲɽѾҪͬߡҲɽҪһͳݣ
ǿȴʮݣԴΪḻĵطŴڧټԨħĽ룬һһͳݵĴûᣬôܴ᣿
һرǳΪɽͬߣôܿݾͻɽͬߡһȻԸͳһݣҪɵĵݵԴȴʮѡ
İ׼ҲΪͬԭ򣬲ųֽʮһһƽϡ
ԣӿһĨɬ
䵭رǣҪôͳҲɽҪôʧɡ
ɫ䣬ճرԸ⳼Ըر֮ءֻһܹӭȢҵŮ档
΢΢һףȴҧһԲûоܾ
۾΢΢һ¶һ˿ЦݵãҴӦˣ
ر֮һмΪϵر֮أ˵֮Уر֮ǵʿʳħʳҪĵۼرħϵһ
ۼرħͨĵۼرͬһռһƽĳرǡħ֮У֮ء̫֮ء칤Ѫ֮ءλ汾Ժ־ءǺӼӹһϵеĲ
ħʳرǴǡħ֮ǼۼرҲǴӡħ
ۼرÿһӵо춯صľܣʿʵ֮ʿʵۼǿʵڲ֮䡣ʿʵ۶ӵһһϵĵۼرƾһȫԼսۼرЩʿʵ۲޵УѹλǿڣһһԻޱȵʿʳ
ǵۼرÿһۼرҪԴʱ䡣ǡħԼ̵ۼرʱ䣬ħʳΪ˰˴ʿʳ֮Уرһʿʳ
ر֮Ȼֻǵۼرħ֮ϵһȻӵռ֮
֮ÿһ춼ռ֮γһƷ֮֮ǴرϵĶһƷ֮Ϳһ4ررԸĻƾ֮ÿ춼ɴһ4ر
֮֮ȡߵĻÿһǧһǧƷ֮ͻγƷ֮һǧƷ֮ǿ۳ΪһƷ֮һǧƷ֮ǿγһ鶥֮һǧ鶥֮Ϳγһ֮֮ǴۼĲ֮һ
ȻΪ֮زԵʣ֮η塣ڵۼرħʱ򣬴ԼңͿԵһ񼶵֮
ر֮س˿Իޱȵ֮⣬ʿǽ֮ҲԻ֮ĴԼʣܹСȵʿʡ
Ѿǰ˼ϵȣԴȻԽ֮صԼʡ
ڤ¹رʿŲս֮еʿŶҪһͳݡ
ǾŴ֮еİħа׹ħڡ¥ĴʿԼĻҵҹӳݣʿŶѡ˳档
ӴĻеϣǵͳ˧֮£֮޼ɵĹԵأЩԸ⳼ɽһһ
һͷ֮У֮еԴٶҲһǧ
һ֮ڣŪǰ¶һ˿Ц⣺ԭʯˮ֮ʿĵԳ֮ˡˮԴʯݣԴǷḻ
Ƿԭʯǹʱһʥ֮ѪأȻɷԪأʮŵı
ˮ֮һڴɽԼһЩ̺ŨԪأγŤĹڡһȻȥˮһ㣬ʲôŽȥᱻ׷ճɻҵĹ档
Գ֮һڲ֮λ漸ʿɱϹԳľˡԳǴʯͷ֮еʯ峬ԼԦԪأ֮˫ܼ֮ͬkǵľҲòϡ
ˮԴʯһͷʿ˱ڳ֮ˮԪŨ֮أطǧܹһˮ֮䱦
ֱǶԪ̫ڵľ˵ǿ䱦ѹ֮󣬾͵õļ
ָһţһ޴д֮ӿһļ֮ϡ
ļһ³С֮ڣһһºļ֮ϡ
񱩵ķԪۣһγһͷߴף·ҪС׳Ƶķٵ硣
Ƿԭʯ̺֮Źһ˿һ˿ҲȻ׵ɱһͨ»ʿǿʥʿڵĿֲ


617 벽
һͷϹŷӰһ֣һֻľ޴ƴݺһģǸߴ׵Ϲŷһɢ
ޱȵķԪ˷ɢȥ
ϹŷӰһʧһɿޱȵĻ·֮еСɢȥ·Ҫһжͳͳճɻҽ
һֻ֣ʳָһ㣬ǻ֮һʶ֮Уǻ֮еһʶֱ顣
ǿޱȵĻǱǻһ𣬱㻯ΪĻԪء
ŨޱȵԪջۣһγһͷ߰ףʯͷɵϹԳ
ԳһΣֱŵȥ
һԳ£kС֮еԪ֮Ҳڼꡢǧ֮С֮µһŵԳ
һֻһץӲԳһץУһֱ󱬡
ˮԪȻۣγһͷף·ܹһжɵĿֲ
һֻһģһͷֲ֮ϣһ㽫ǿֲ顣
ˮĴԪһ˲õƽ⣬С֮еλ汾Դ־ǳԵķˮĴԪ֮ٴ׳һ֡
С֮жڻŵһǧµħһ±飬ħܱλ汾Դ־һλ汾Դ־ø׳
С翪ʼϵ𶯣СҲʼ졣
ǸСҲ·ӵһ㣬ʼſռ֮еĸøӵǿ
κһλ棬λ汾Դ־Χĸűλ档
ΪˣλĵȼҲһɲ䣬ǻɳøǿ߱ø
ĵλԵһ溣ܣսħ֮еĸ߲ȴԸĵλ档һҪԭǣĵλ溣ܴﵽһĵλͻ˥䣬޷Щ溣ܵĴڡ
ͬλʮλ棬ڶλ棬Եʥʿ֮дʥǿߣҲǿʿʵۼĿֲڡȻÿһʿʵۼĿֲڣǸλͻ˥ǧ֮á
Ҳֻв֮λһλܹǧʱ֮ڣ˴ʿʵľ콾˵֮㲻ߡˣ֮λһʿʵ֮ҲмǼʮһʿʵۼǿߡ
Ҳ֪˶ã֮У滺˫ۣӦԼڵı仯¶һ˿Цݣ벽ףֻһͿԽΪʿ
ƾԵķѾĸ֪ʲôҲ֮˳µĽΪʿ
Щ۳ʿҪıʿ༸ʮٱԴ֮⣬ͻƿȴźܴơ
ڴʿֲλ֮ڽʿ֮ǰϲʲôƿֻ۷ͻƵ溣֮ʱпܻƿǿʿ֮·ǿ֮
źɺ׿һܷͬսħ̫ϳϵ״ӣѾ»ʿ֮ҪͻƵʿ֮ȴͬΪѡҲһֻͣ»ʿ֮
һѾΪ溣ܣ״ҲֻӵʿΪʿ֮ѣɼһߡ
꣬ȻͿԽΪʿһ˵֪Ի˼ʵ÷
ȻҲԱչؿޣֱΪʿȴֹͣΪٶ̫죬ľûиȥڽʿֻҪǼʮʱ䣬пܽΪʿ
һ»ħ»ʿȴֻͼħ˵ħ֮㡣
»ÿһǾ콾ӵԴ֧ǿߣͻƵʿҲһѹȻ»֮ͣʮ꣬ϰ꣬ΪҪԼΪľĵزŻͻƵʿڳʿ溣ؾʱ򣬾ͻܵ޴ϰ
һָѣ˫֮ӿһһϢ
չصʱ򣬳ǰ¿λϢоƬ棬
¶һ˿Ц⣬´һҪң˼ȥڤҡ
ǰһȪԡأúõϢСʱһȺŮ֮£·ǰڤ
ڤĻƽ֮£·İһֻۡѾСʱİȻһƽ˿ûκζŭ˼ȻΪ
ȻһЦ֮ͬӹһĨ֮ɫϲһͳݣ
֮ǰɽֻǽ浱һöõӣһöƶݾƵСӣöСӾȻѾΪݵˣһԾ˴Ҫ࿴Ĵ
Ŀǰʵȱ溣Լѹ׵ر֮⣬ʮ֮е̫ڻҪǿЩ
Ϊɽפڲ֮λߣλȻҲΪʮ֮еʥӶҪöࡣ
ҶѣС㣬˴ǰʲô£
һȻϣܹɽһݳҴҴҲὫݣǲɽΪǲɽķأҿԴͷΪҴϮݡ
ոʮɣҾ˧Ҳʮɵ溣ΧɱһԶԴǴĿǰ϶ܰɣѾҲɽֱƿ֮УƾʲôǲɽҪǴ
ҳΪϮݣǸǲܵ顣ʮɣ˴Э׼һǿУһͬ˴ҼǵôĳʵҲŵʮݷַʮɡ˴ңҳŵϮ棬Щءڣʮģ¶һЦݵ
ӯӯһЦ˵ûҴȷʵ˥ʱ򡣲Ҵô˥ʵҲԶԶǿöࡣ
ȻԴḻͬȱԴһ㣬Ǿ޷溣֮ǲɽѵڴ֮ڣӵһ֮𣿡
ֻҪݳҴҴͻһأһ֮޽ɽţɡ
ΪҴôȥǵĴĸλ棬ԻôĴѵҪһӴ˵ҲǿΪʿʵ۵ľţûһʿʵǴһ쳵óɹġ
ɽΪҴһӣҲȻӵҴƿصؾʸ񡣡
ķף٩٩̸ɽ˵ʮ


618 ַ
һᣬָһһƬƽƽŰɷȥ»֮еǣĿڲáһطҪϡĿܹЩôҾȥȰ˵Ҹףòɽ
ԣ־ֻǳưһȫϾݡҪΪʿʵۣʿʵ֮ϵߣݾȡ
Ϊӵܡսħʮ֮һսħ֮ӵеܾսħڶûȫ
ɽӹһƬϸһü΢΢һ塣
ֽƬ֮ϣдƼҪĸϡЩϡҲʮȱ
ɵƬ֮еرǴҲʮϡ١ﶼδţ޷óȫĿ
治ɫôܹóЩҿǵĳ⣡
ѹݵԴ֮󣬽4صĲҵ˲٣ҪҪĿʯҲҵ˼֡мּΪϡϡٵĿʯûҵó׵ķʽռǼֲϡ
ɼȻҪϳȻҪõ㹻ĺô
һĨƻ֮ɫȻһЦҪļֿ
΢΢һЦ֮λ֮У˹ݹȴҪöࡣҲδһҪڴ֮ǲɽ޳ͻӦòܾǲɽѡ
˹ݹݵز֮ȻҲûìܳͻ
֮£ܾɽôһʵǿѡ
˹ݹ֮УҲвʿǰڰʿʵ۳֮Ҳڶ֮ܳһʱ䡣
ʿҲǰرǳ֮ճ֮ǶʿǾ͸ǰΪ֮ĳػʳΨһһʿյʿʵŶ
˴ʿʵ֮Уߴʿʵ۶硣ߴʶʿʳʱ򣬱ǿݻ٣ᡣ
ǺųرһĵʿʳħʳĻʶֲĴǰᣬ˺ѳݣֱ˲ͬǿС
ػʳǵ岿֣ԵʿʳħʳʶĲֲкƶɡػʳǱߴʿʳĻʶ࣬ȴ֪Ϊʲôԭǵڰʿʳ֮ʣûбƻһֱ
ػʳҲǲ֮λΨһһۼʳǣ确سߡһСǡسߡ˵ǳ֮ʥʥʿ֮һĺڹʥѪᡣ
ǳػʳҲҪǰ̽Ѱַ֮һ
֮⣬ڳ֮ճżռ˲ԭڶΧ֮ڣͬӵϹʿʱַ治ڴҲͬĵط
ðɣͻ۸Ůӡ
һ̾һĨƬ֮ϵһֳֿ˺ɫȻƽƽķ档
ɨƬһۣ̲ס޵ǴȻ񣡡
Ƭ֮һϵĿﶼֳɫǽļصĿҲȫȫֻһΪǺ̶ŽĿʯûС
Ǻ̶Ž𲢲ڲ֮λûУֿʯʿ֮ȫûãȻҲռ֮
Ǻ̶Žֿʯƽʱʹʲôͬͨʯͷһ㣬޷ӳκμֵоļֿʯںһ֮󣬾ͻγһǿȾ˵ĿֲϽ𣬿Գ䵱ǸȽתĺ
Ѿɳ֮̽ѰֿʯҵֿʯҲֻʱ⡣
ҲʮˬãֻҪЩһ֣ȥʾ棬˵ɽ೤ϱ
¶һЦݣһһ͸Ǵر˾ϽżѰķһʿʳܻʳżݡǴϣܹʮż̽յ
΢΢һżѰҵһҪҪżѰ
ʿ֮Щǿʿӵз˼ĿֲͬʱʿӵֹޱȵıطȻʩչЩطо޴Ĵۣвطһʩչͻʧȥ󲿷ֵ
ЩǿʿǶϰԵĿϵĶǶ֮ڷŸʡһǱشҲЩ֮ŵĸѸٵĻָԼȫʢʱڵͬҲڲͬλ棬˲ͬı⣬Էⷢ
ǲ֮λξ䣬֮λ֮ҲżЩżǿʿʱʴ֮£Щżķʧһؼա
żѰһרѰ֮λżĲšͬҲӵרŵżѰšЩ棬󲿷ֶռԤϵʿ
浭ֲַòô1ڴ֮ϣҸ1
һĨŹ֮ɫ1㣬ѲҪǵʿʳܻʳַ𣿡
ֱ׳ǵȻȻǵʿʳܻʳַҵĵ档ôֻжôһѡˡ
һһϹʿַ֣ʿǰȻΧļʿžͷϷ֡
ѾͳһݣǵʿʳܻʳַȻ˽ȥмֵıѹһ֮ǰɲ˽ַ֮ڡ
ЦһǴɳһʿǰ̽żżһδ򿪣ҲΣյʱǿ԰ַ̽ݵʧ
3ַ̽ʧݻǿԳеġ
һǧѾҪһٱˣΪһˣѵôһ𣿡
ʮַǲɽ׷Ź

ϵּ̽ۻ֮ͬ˰ʮַΪҲͬ˽յַʸ
ʮ֮ľʯһĮϿգһŤһҫźɫ׹ľ޴ѨȻ֣һž޴·һ㣬ƬĮϿգΧħܡ
һ޴ǻĮϿգԲǧ֮ڵ඼һŹޱȵ
żϹʿż
Ϲʿż

ǻĮΧż֮ʿһž޴ȥ


619 ݼ
棬żڲɽżԲһѾΪκʿδһᱻΪˣֱ𣡣
һľ֮ΧԲص
һǧ򾭹װĵڶսγһһĻеŹһһսء
֮УʮҼǼǼսԼһҺĸ
ЩʿһӽƬ򣬾ܵľ棬󲿷ֵʿֻܹһĵĿЩڶսˣòͦס˽Ų
һƬ⣬վһһŮʿеʿӢŮ·һԽͯŮһ㣬Ϊ䡣
Ůʿ죬һĵɶֲַǲɽģƾʲôǽȥ
ʿһĨģ΢΢һ̾ƾɽǿʿţݶɽͳһˡǵ־֮ڣǾԵĴڡĹ򣬾ڷ䣬ʲôöһЩʵ۰ռΪƿǿ
Χδ½Ǵδ½֮ССķ˹ȡʿѧʶʮԨڴδ½з˹֮еĹʮ˽⣬ȻʣҲû̫ķŭ
ʿߵһʿȴһ˲ʧ
Ȼ֮䣬֮һһһƬ֮С
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ΧΧ۵ʿǼһĻһҲӲɽľ档
ƬĮģһҪǸҪ棬פʮսˡ
ǸҪ룬һɳ֮ϣĶŰɣһǳʹϣǡ
ʱϣѾkԶʹ֮ȫջأһۿȥһӵоգҴһӢϢŮս
˵ǰһֻʮ˵ĴַѰʿ
һŽ˿۾ķԸУһͷɫ֪ԵŮ»ʿַѰĹ
һεر֮ϣҫޱȵķâʽģر֮ҫ
һޱȵɫ֮ߴر֮ûǾ޴Ŀַ֮ڡ
رַǣַͨЩַ֮еĸԡ
ַӵиָķԣرַǱ֮ǰҪʿǸǻʵܹʵ
ַǱ֮ħʳǰַķԶԱ׽
ӿĽѾɡַӦǿĩڵһַһʥǿڿٵַַڲ֮λֹֻΣΪɲ֮λԴάַĴںͲ˻һΣַ֡ʱΪҡ׼ȷ˵ǰʮϡ
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濴һ޴ַһĨ֮ɫַĳ֣֪ǻǸ
Ǻ͵ַһ㶼ʮΣգһܹƽ⣬пȫַ
һܻʳһƶɵַӵļֵʲôûУҲΪһͼʿֲħҩħҩ԰
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ʿʮ»ʿĹ֮£ĲɽıԵشֻȺʿμķֳվǱԵشûпԽһȻĲɽһľ⡣
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Ŀʿǿһۣһ۾ϳʱֵ֮ʿ콾˹ŵȡǵȼʿ콾С
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һ뷢԰ףŴɫʿ۵ֳһȨǰºһЦǲ˹ᣬǰϣܹ³ֵĿַ
浭ǲɽݹϵַ֮ȻݣҲɽĶ
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ʿɨһۣĿڼⱻرһӶǼӦǾżرҲӦǣǾʹǿ𣿡
ϼ޻İȫϣζ˵ݱȽϻңֻϴżر
һǲ˾ʿʮʿһʮ»ʿǰ˵ءǴ߶Яľżرȷʵӵһսʵ
ʿ֮Уڹϵʱ˫ӵжԵʵ̸ܹС
һŵãҿǽȥǽȥ˴ΣǲɽӵͬȽƿż˴Ρұƽ壬Լ
ƽһ𿰱ʿ֮дʥĿֲڣСԼƽ֤ԼԼΪǿ󣬽ڤԼʿǶԼϲƽļ֤֮£ж


620 ˭ѵ˭
ãã֮УӵԼǿڣһЩħͬԼ򣬿ͨԼȡꡣ
ЩǿĴ֮УƽֵԼΪԼҲǿһǩԼʹıű߷򣬷ǴʥǿߣҲᱻǿֲԼ֮ɱ
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Ĭģָһţһ»ʿƤëƳɵԼâҫ֮ΪƷһͼħޱȵʧ
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ľʿһԼ飬ϸĶ֮󣬲ǩԼ֡
Ƕħħһǿڼ֤ԼǾͱǧСġСԼ֮ŵ塣ƽ֤ôԼ֮оͲκ©Ͳƽ
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һһƬԵԴĿǰǿʮʿ֮⣬вԴʿʿǡ
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һޱȵĹͬһЩɿŵʿ֮ϡ
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ЩȻһԳͬһЩʿȺ֮У׵ĽЩۼʿһնɱ
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Ȼ㹻ǿʿǰ潻ҲһЭáЩɢޣûʸá
һüӡĿߴɢһɰԵϢӵΪɨһۣȻ̫̫ϳСǲɽµ̸
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ĬĬվ󣬷·ϣ˫֮һų貵Ĺâī·̺޾ڰĶʹ֮һ³˵kıһ·ܹնѿĺɫնȥ
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һīޱȵĺɫâѾ˲佫նأڰһŶ֮𣬷һķճɻҡ
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Ļеŷ߷֮ŵʮҼǼǼսȻڿ׼š˴ڵλáֻҪһ£ͿԶš˴ҷԵĹ
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ϣǻһɫĹâ֮˷֮ɫһ֮˷նȥ
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621 
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һ͵Ľħ֮УҲֻĲɽ׵İ쵽һ㡣
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˴֮УҲûм̫ڽáһͬΪЧ֮Ϊ׼߹Ľ̫֮ĹϵҲʮֶӡ
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˴ҡ̫ڡʥڵҲͬ˼Ըյż֮нգоַĸżط
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һ΢Цһ֣һƤֽƽƽȥҽԬ˪Ѱҵĸֿ֮У⼸Ը⼸׸֪ܷһЩַ
ӹƤֽһۣ۾ʱһƤֽ֮ӵиֿ֮УӵǺ̶ŽĿʯ֮⣬弶صҪʯ
500ҿԸ500ַַԸ
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תͬҲҪĲ죬ŷֳһһĵȼļϵתҪĸϡһЩżرҪĲϻҪҵ
ҲǳΪݵˣܹ׵ҵļתҪĸϡ
Ԭ֣´ս¥洫ӽ֪Ƿѣ
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һ뿪ΧʿǱһӵϣΧסԬ˪ΪԬ˪ٸַ
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ЩʿҲγһɢʿţϴϲɫǻĮġ
Ǵûַ޾ΣգͬʱҲž޴档Ϊַûбʿù˵дر
رúñⶪڽ֮Уǵʱһţг֮ʧ
ЩرһЩƵرֿ棬꣬ʮ궼ʧȥ
Щַʿ֮еĴƳԼĶôһǵر⡣
һ֮󣬾̽̽һԱȽϰȫĽص֮ЩڻĮ֮еʿǱҲ̲ס׷ż֮ڷȥַıﱻȫŪߡ
澭Ȩ֮󣬻ǽһѪܻ˵ԼĻʮս˽ַ֮УһĿǰǿɱϣǡ
ǵʿʳַʵһž޴һֻȵСһ
һһǿ֮ڣһɿֲǿ֮дӲĽһͳͳǿ֮ڡ
һǿ֮һߴǧף÷ĸ¥ã·δƼʱֻһʮ㡢ʮһߵʿԼǸֽ֮ŵӡʾʿ
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һأǿĽֵΧУ·ʦֱʵĽüͷ΢΢һ壬ӿһ˿ԤС
ڽ֮ǰ˿ûи֪֮κĴڡ


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֮⣬ɡ˴ҵʿǶһ¾ĬģһԼ֮ϣγһ֡
ЩʿǶʮ͵ַڳν֮ʱмֵͬʱҲΣյĴڡ
ǵʿʳʥĶӭҵΪǵһ֣
һȻ룬һӡĸ¥һŤһ±仯ΪһһװˣһͷڷƮòΪӢޱӣһɹޱȵĿ֮ڵk֮
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ǵʿʳߵļᾧŵĿܣ

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ʿʵۿ֮ۿܡʮʥݺ£ǿĴڶۿܣʮʥܵĿ֮ʴһܡ
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ʿʳ֮ЩġŵĿܡЩµkĸնɱ
˵֮УۿԼʮʥܴŲдġŵĿܡӵһλ棬һпܽ硣
ӵʿʳ֮󣬲֮λҲûСŵĿܡ֣ھȻһŵĿܣȻЩʿǶ˷ܡ
ǡŵĿܡǵʿʵۿ߽֮ӵǿĿֲڣҲҪʿһҪϢԽвϵս
ܹоŵĿܡôǸʿţ׾ٵĻһֻܴ
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һҧһնұ֮ϣӲĽұնϡĶϱȴһߣͬһ㣬ıһ¥Ķʮֹĳֻ۾¶һ˿ŤЦ⡣
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һͨϵʿʼģƬռһſޱȵĻԪء
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샬¶һЦݣȤǲ֮λʿˣλһϢǵʥĸۡͬҲǵʥĴ֮ءһνʿֻʣһˣͿԼ̳еʥŲΪŵǵˣȻҲΪЩŵĿܡˣǴңúüͣ
ϣǼ샬һΣֱʧǳ֮С
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623 ռָ
ַȻҲɽΧ֮ڣȻûܹôַǲɽ档ԣǲõǲɽǶ֡
˸ɵͷֻԺ֮һӶӰ١ʿܹȫɱڣ򽫻޾ĺ󻼡ҪǣǼ샬ĿĶ⣬Ϊǿһ仰ɱǼֱ޴
һš˴ҵĶʿ¶һ˿˼֮ɫϵ̬ҲûʼֻɱЩܡ
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һĻҲûж˵ʲôַһʮΣյĸоȻǿҲ˿⡣
샬һ֮ϣԶԶЩʿսһ˵̾Ϣ֮ЩʿϧҵʵȫûлָҪڵʿʳʱЩһ˶ܹȫɱ샬ˡ
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Щӵս˶ƶ
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Ŀ⸴ӵĿŮ֮ѾܾˡڰʿʳѾʮꡣ
ŮȻȥһģһȴûһ˿ϢȻѾһ߿ܡûпֱ֮ŵĿܡʴɵ¼ܡ
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ӿһ˿⣬Լһ˿²⣺ÿµĿӵʿʳһֱȴȻûСǡŵĿܡӦþǿ֮Ѱҵĳ֮
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624 ǧڿ
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ǿ֮ϸ涼ԶԶȲһ»ʿʴ֮ȴǹף»ʿвҲᱻʴΪһܡ
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֮ǿ弸ȫ˲֮λ棬Ľܻʳܻʳ֮еġŵĿܡȫɱ˵֮УֻۿԼʮʥܽѣ뿪˲֮档
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еѪͻеһγɵĻ˲ʿȻչزڿܻʳʱûرɽǲɽҾȡ
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샬kЩŵĿܡӵеĿ֮Σվףʴǵսۣk⼸ŵĿܡʵԶԶϣǣΪkûлָȫʢʱڵ
샬һͲµࣺˣһرһرkʮرǿҲһر
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վһƬ̨֮ϣһսˣһĨ֮ɫ
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һʥǿ֣ӵеۼرҲֻܹڷս֮зʿʵۼǿȻԼطƣһʥһһɱ
ˣǴʥǿȻĴڣʱ֮Ҳֻʮʥ׷档
κһʥǿһٲ֮λ棬Բ֮λĿǰʵ޷ֵԼʿ֣Ҳѿһʥǿߡ
һֲڵַȻ
ṩԴ۷壬Դֶʿ˵Զ
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ʿ˵ܹԼʵĵرԶԶһʥرҪҪٱֹ
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631 
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һڴһɽ֮ϡ
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ʥʿʵΪֲʥʿֻҪڻһѪʣһ˿սһǷͿնɱһ溣ܡ»ʿʥʿǰһĴڡ
еļk㣡ǶôǿĴڣʮķӡ֮лᴦ״̬Բܴ״̬⣬ΨһĻᡣ


632 ֮
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635 㷨
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Ӳ֮λ֮ѧĸַ涼ûǣ׵ľͽǾ幹˸һķģ͡ҸħķģͶҪֱܹͷš
½֮УûħʯĴڣЩħȫ츳ѪʿһĴڡ
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½֮е޾Ǵ棬ħ֮еǿ߾Ǵ漶ǿߡħ֮Ҳֻаħħӵд漶Ѫͳ
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ѵǻĻĻȻѾ˻ôӦóŶԣӦʵ

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ӹһĨϧ֮ɫļ޾Ǵ۷壬һͻƴ۷壬ͻᱻų⣬뿪硣ϧû⣬֮е鶼ͻƴ۷壬뿪磬־


636 ֮
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ǹγɵļͷ㷨ľ󻯡
Ȼ֮䣬Զħ޵ŭХͿޱȵħԼɱ֮
˫һ¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢һΣǸӶȥҵһ֮ǡ
֮䣬һŴ֮ϣïܵҶ֮У濴ȥ
ֻһƬ֮УһֳֳǹһɫβԸз⻬·Ϳһһ㣬ò֮дһ˿˿ӢϢŮðһͷħܼս
ŮðߵʵԼʿѧͽңһͷħȴӵһĿֲ
ͷߴ׵ĿħȻ޴ȴޱȣſޱȵϢŮð߷˹
ŮðֳͭɫĳǹһƴֵһߺˣΣͱǿ񱩾ܵצ΢һ㣬˺ȥ˴ƬѪ⡣
Թᴩ
Ůðٴƴȫܹͷħ֮֮һĨޱȵĹâһȣͭɫĳǹһų貵Ĺâǹһһɫһ´ǿħܵλá
һɫĿֲ˲䱬ǿħֱܵ顣
濴ŮðеĳǹһĨ֮ɫ˵ʮر֮ԹᴩǹһֻҪǹУκδڶᱻᴩıû뵽Ȼһر
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ȻŮðӵһǾɱ֮λʿҪΪѡһЩʿķѰʱǿΪһʽһʿ
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Ůðһ֮ǣˣͻ֮ܵķɡӵдʿ۷Ϊ֮ķɣȻܵش
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ЩһŮðߣһεοڵǵ֮е䣬ɢһΣյζһ̰˷ܵĹâӿѸٵ
ŮðһץǡԹᴩǹͼɱȴ־ҵʹ֮дʧȥ˶ĿƣֻܹĿЩ
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Ůðߵҽвȣҵ֡ңΪߣǲܵģ̫ˡӵƥħɲᱻʮͷ׷Ǳģ
гϣҲһ;ǿһΪǿߡ
ݴһ䶯ʮͷһ´Ӳݴ֮г벼ȥ
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˫ˮҧⱿΪʲôӣ


637 ֮
¶ѩ׵ݣ΢΢һЦȳѪһ±˫ۡ
㷨ҪƵġ㷨ѹס֮ǵˣʮѡ
ȵӢ۵ˣ˹켣Ӧ˳ɱͷħܣȻֱӽһʿ·ȫɱȶԼʵøǿ
ǡ㷨ѹס˲ȵˣҲܵ˷ɣÿʱÿ̶֮ܵķɣˡ
ʮͷͷǾסĳѨһ޴Ķ档
һǾ޴ĶߣһȳܵζǶ֮д
࣡
ץ࣡

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벼ȱֱӴǶߵһǶͿʮŮ̱һԣÿһ˵˫֮ж͸¶ĺڰѾʧȥһϣ
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ĳѨ֮ѹһ飬˴ԼʮöԼʮöԼٶͭҡ
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ĿƵĶŲȵʲô㣿Ϣأɫɭ⵽ħΧ˵εħȢŮ뾫ˡҴǰȥһ֮ȣһȥɣ
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½ǿŮʵľͬϲūǸ߶ջ֮£ǰɫɭֲūżԴԴ֮սͬûֹͣ
¶ѩ׵ݣˬһЦȻһж⣬ҲҪֹһħ֡ϾҽҪΪߵˡ
һᣬ΢ЦڰСһͬ飬ǻ֮ȥɡð߹濴ҵͬӦòܾͽ񡣡
ãҺһȥ
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638 
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ȻǴ죬ЩðǻǾһڳ⣬󱭺ȾƣŮͬԼһЩ۵ļŮе顣
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èù֮УȾЩðǵŮ񣬰˳ϵð߶˼
һףͷһצۣɢһױϢǰݺݵ棬ͬһͷŭľһСӣʲôˣȻǵĲôȣ
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΢΢һЦһ̽һץסǹͷðղȭ˿
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ղµĹ֮Уǿģô

ЩðǼһĻһղµĹһʿҲδܹס澹Ȼܹ׽ղµĹסЩðǶԼ۾
ˣ͵Ϊֹɣ
浭һЦһƣһɿֲľִǹͷðղֱƵú˼
ղһ˫۳죬ŷŭޱȵĿ⣬ͬһͷ񱩵ţҪȥɱ
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ʳָһŻʱʳָ֮ڶȼգõ֮е¶ȷ·Ķȡ
ħʦ
Ȼһħʦߣ
ҲֻĹܹΪߣ

ڳðǿʳָ֮ڵĻ棬ʱһһǷ·ŭţһղҲ侲
½֮Уħʦʮϡ٣ÿһʽħʦǼΪܹͬʱͨ似ħ˷ëǣҲֻд˵֮е߲ܹɵʹǿ似Ϳֲħ
Щðÿһηǿߣǿᣬһɢȥóһ·ͨС
ȴֱߵ˾ưɵһ䣬ǽһ֮ϣһźɫ̷СɫᱡƤףĸߴΪŮ
ŮһۣһЦȣ㲻˵Ҫ˵˭
ȾĨҧȣҵ׵£
ˬһЦãȣ׵£ȵˣҪΪߵˣ
˫۷Ź⣬¶һ˷ܵЦݣȣʮֳɫҺϲ԰ø𣿡
һֱۣնУ׵ҵģ
ϸĴ棬֮һḬ֮̃ɫ㿪ЦǺýðɣöҪһҲһô
ħ̬仯Ϊ̬֮òӢ⣬ĸߴ󣬻⣬ɢԵĽסˡ
ϲŮŮͬҲϲӡǴħ̬תΪ̬棬ȡ
ԥһᣬҡͷС
ȿ˲һۣ֮һĨ֮ɫһڽһһЩʵˣȣ㿴ֱǿأٹһʱ䣬ͱҶҪǿˡ
΢ЦſһĻת㷨ȿȥһ۾ͿһȽǹȵͷ
ǹ˵ǽ˱ͨҪõö࣬롾֮ǡĲȴȫûпɱԡ
ڵѾһһʿ߼ŮˣûйһҲ߼ŮʵֻԽԽ
ʲôʵһɵ͵ߣȻɸߵ͡ʿʵۼĿֲǿߣʵҲʱޣȻɼ޻˥
ȴͬǡ֮ǡ֮ǰʵս֮вͻͽλļޣΪ漶ǿҲǲܡ
ȵȣǴǰɫɭ֣ǰȥƻħ뾫ļƻȥȥ
ȶʱһȣЩħʵǿ˾9ǹʿЩħΧϣҲһ㲻7ǹʿȥġ
ȵ׵´ȥƻħ뾫ҲΪڹȥƻǵ˱ȽϺá
ԥһ£ҧðɣҲһһˡͱȽϷ񣬶ɫɭָҲ񡣡
֮󣬵ڶһ磬Ųȡ˽һСɫɭֵķȥ
ɫɭ֣ǾһϢأͬʱɫɭ棬ͬΣյħޡ塢塣
½֮У󲿷ֵرħϷ֣ɫɭǳΪ˾塢塢Ϣء
ɫɭֱ֮Ϊɫӵеľ纣
塢塢ɫɭܹ֮ħ塣
νɫɭ֣ҪɫɭľһȫץУֻܡ
³Ǿǽɫɭ־һǣ³ڣðߡ
ԴħΧ˾ϢأȾһ彫ľ鹫޸ħ֮󣬴֮еð߱㱻ԴԴϵǲ˴˵ء
³ǣȻλ棬йϵ˵Ĵ£֮ǻۣ
վ³֮ǰʩչ˵㷨³һһ۾Ϳһſ貵֮ǻ³֮С


639 
³һۣӹһĨ֮ɫš֮ǡѾһһš֮ǡԶ֮ǡҪҫ۵öࡣ𣿡
³š֮ǡһΪҫۣɢɫĹ⻪
Ŀš֮ǡһۣŲȶ˽³һù֮ס¡
һҹ꣬ȳ˯ȥ֮һףһҺ̬ͬһˮһ䶯ȥ
Դ̳˷λǻ۽ƻ֮ۿʲôͼֻҪһ飬ܹС
Һ̬ĿƼ֮еȼ̫ߣͼסʵԼǿĻˡ½֮˼Һ̬ʹá
һҺ̬ͬˮһ䶯Ѹٵ棬Ϣ֮һù֮ڣһֻڷ֮ϵĺɫ֩룬һֻֻ֩۾һð߿ȥ
ùڷʮӣһò΢ЩӢľƱڵƣʮŮԱð֮д
һðˣһԼʮ꣬ĸߴ࣬ͬһɽһɿĴ󺺡һͷϴŷʦñޱȵŮħʦһۣòӢ١һĸòͨŮ֡Լһһɫòޱȵӡ
ĿȫǶʿңְҵȼӦǰ˼ְҵߡǵھżְҵߣҲ˵ӦþǴ˵֮еߡ
żְҵ߻Ϊʿʵʿ½֮УѾǿߡ֮ϣֻд档
ɵԣ
΢΢һϢһҺ̬γɵķõ֮ڣһǱ˰Ӱ֮ڡ
ϲ飬ڶС֮ǰɱȻԼµҪɱһûгߣԲô򵥵飬ȻҪһԡ
СģϮ
ǱеɫߵʱߵɫȻ䣬һ³֮еĳӰֱնȥ
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һ´Ӱ֮һŮֱָһһħһնŮֵıϣŮֱնɱ

ͬһɽһսʿŭһһȡʮ˵ر֮һɯĶơһ
һʯâǡɯĶơ֮ǿֲʯâ֮£ʿҲᱻֱʯ
һףһͷħ޵ʬһ·ɳʯ֮ǰ
ħ޵ʬ屻ʯһգʱһ޴ʯͷӰ׹䡣

һֳ֡ɯĶơսʿһ㣬һɫħγɵĹâսʿȥ
սʿһɱһ˲䣬һ̺ųɫĻһնǺɫħɣͬʱնȥ
αˣָһţһɫâ֮Ȼ֡
ǳɫĽһնâ֮ϣ񱩵ĺڰ֮â֮ӿӲĽǳɫĽ顣
һһͷɫ̷Щϣ˫־޴󣬳ϼĿֳһɫĴ󽣳ù֮ڡ
潣ʥ
ǻ潣ʥˣ
˻潣ʥˣӮˣǸħˣ

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ǾƱֱһΪƯŮԱ˵ڣ˷ܴС
潣ʥֳֳָ棬һأħˣǼѶˡһӣ뿪ô
һħŮۣͷףʧȥˮֵŮħʦֳħȴһ߳
һݲϣ뷢԰ףȴȻͬһͷʨսʿһֳֶһֳֽ˳
÷ִħʦ
ʨĽʥ
漶С֮һ֮ǿðСӡ֣ħҲδǶ֡

ù֮еðǼһĻһ˷ѸٵĶǿߵ
޷ΥҪ֮ǡɱҡ֮УѣȤ𣿽죬ǵ֮أ
һչ¶ħ̬۷弶Ŀֲħ֮ɢ
Щʵʿѧͽְҵһ棬һж¶һ˿־֮ɫȫʧȥս⡣
һһ³Ůħʦ÷ֵָ֣һһɫĹâ÷ֵȥ

ʨĽʥһŭ˲÷ֱӽʮ˵ر֮һġ޶ܡһų⣬һɫĹâֱӷȥ
÷ҲֱֳȨһ㣬ʩչļռ
潣ʥ˫۳죬·ȼڵĻ棬ֳʮ˵ر֮һġ޽һŭХһĨâݺնȥ
ʿǡ޽նУҲᱻǡ޽֮ϸĻյʹ಻
ǿϵüֱ޷죬ʮսðղĬǿ֣һ۷ǿߣвҲǵС
Ȥǵ޷죡ϧΨһǣ̫ˡ̫ˣ
¶һħЦݣһµʮףħצӣһץһ½ǡ޽ץס
ǡ޽֮һ±ֲĻ֮Ϸţ˳һģһǻ潣ʥͷ­֮ϣǻ潣ʥͷ­ֱɡ
΢΢һΣƾһɫĹ֮ϣֱӺ飬ͬǻ޽Ļһͬ顣
ʨĽʥһĻɫ䣬һŭ𣺡ÿµļһҿӣסk÷֣Ҳӣȡʱ䣡ЩСǿӣǲǵδ
һŭ֮ʨĽʥһ׳һɫĺӣǺӷǴ󣬻һʨĽʥԼһͬӡ档
ʨĽʥȵĹâֳִ󽣺֮͡ܡЦɫɱ֮ǰ㶼ûпǰȥϮǡɣħǺúսһ
÷ĿʨĽʥһۣģһߵϣâһԭʧ
ɶǹ⻷ôɱļһơ
ʮ֮ɫֱӱɫ֮߳÷һķ΢΢һ̾
ɫ棬ɢһͷʬ塣
Ȼ֮䣬һޱȵĹâӵ֮ҫͨͨЩС˧ľƱȻһ˲Ϣʵǵ˴ڣһ̺ɷȥ


640 
΢΢һһ³־˵ŤͬʱһצǾƱ̿ͷץȥ
һҲ˲һޱȵŤ·עһ㣬һնĸ
һ죬ĸ˲ըѿǽֱɡ
ƱһΣצ˺ۣ˶ȥ
һ֮£ܾ̿ˡ
涢̿ͣüͷ΢΢һ壬һֲ½ԣ֮λĹطǲ֮λʿһġߡǿ֮ѡ𣿡
֮λʿԴЩǿޱȵĹǿطҪҲǿʿ޵ĿĿ
̿¶һŵЦݣͬùǲ֮λʿʲô֪Ĳҡǡߡʱעеʥᴩࡣ㣬עҵС죬ɱһ֮һ
ЦעǺЦʿΪ˻㡣ע飬ûһʿšעҲԼسһȫµĵ·ʿ
ˡ˵㷨֪֮жôǿ󣬿ȻҲΪһǾ군ˡ
ʱһĨ֮ɫ˷һЦעģʿʵµʿ˿ûΥˡ½֮ϣΪħضҵĽ£˵Զܸı䣡նɱ֮󣬽ΪµһʿʵۣʿǻĶ㡣
ʱȻ侲΢΢һЦһ±ԭʧ˵еˣڻսʱټ
ӵд۷ʵս沢ǴʱֻдΪĽʱܹĴڡʱ˵ѡҲʮַʿǵѡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ӿһ˿ԤУʱһ˵Ŀǰֵĵˡ
½棬ȥǳ˳֮⣬߶Ʋ֮λʿʵ۵Ĵڡ
ʱӵʿʵ֮˵ľţӵλ֧֣֮µĵˡ
һĨᶨĬĬעעҲҪԼٳһ·
ң޷ı䣬˵ôķϻҵĶ־
Ŀ˽ʱʧĵطһħ˲ԭʧõ֮ڣвðߣЩðߴ󲿷ֶļְҵߣһš֮ǡûУ޷ɱ¾
ɫɭһֵɽ֮ڣһâҫ÷ִðһ³һħ֮ڡ
÷ֳˣͰȫˡ
ޱȵһĨߣͬһͷ˵һ㷢ɶ񣬸ħ׶ģһҪ׼ն£Ϊ潣ʥʨĽʥ𣡡
ðҲ˫˱ߵˮһսеĸܵԼħ֮ʵϵľ޴ࡣƴǿڹؼʱ֣ʱѾˡ
÷ֻ̫ˣھԲħĶ֡һƴȫѵǡ֮ǰ׶ʥֻлʥʸħһսħնɱϣҲֻʥܹĽħȫĨȥʮ˵Ҳֻܹ˺k޷ȷʵɱk
׶һĨϲȴҧʥ÷ֵʦҪʥնɱħΪ潣ʥʨĽʥλʥ
÷ֳҰ·˹ĪÿһҶѡγһߺ򲹣һߺǰʥ԰ʥ԰֮У˭ܹų۳ʥܹΪߡ׶ǰ·˹бѡеߺ֮һ֮⣬ǰ·˹ߺ򲹡һƻħ뾫òпܳΪǰ·˹Ψһߺ򲹡
׶նǣһŬģ
׶÷̸ֽ֮ʱûзòӢЬ֮ճһŻҳ
һƬ֮УһĨâԭˣߡĿǰһоŸǽǾŸһͬɵɱһҲ޷ıˡ
Ŀǰ۷Ŀֲʵټħļӳɣԡ㷨ѹƣȫնɱһߺ򲹡
ȥɵ𣿲һиҪҪ
һᣬջһɫħʧ
ɫɭһųƽҶֱߴʮߴǧ׵ľ޴ƽ
ǿž޴Ļƽ⾫Ļʹ
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΢΢һΣһ³ǻƽ֮ϣ󲽵ǻƽڲȥ
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ЩǶһ֮ڣС̽ͷ濴ȥһ¶˾ηĿ⡣
ħ½֮еǿߣ㾫ĴҲǵkĶ֡ħ;ҲսǾǿ߾ǰħУҲ˺ü
Ǵֱӵͳ찲ħ£
һŰ𪼡ĸߴ󣬷η飬һͷɫòޱȣӵеھżְҵߣʿŮߣ֮ӹһĨɵ֮ɫ䵭
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һ¿޷ܾ£ϣܹӭȢŮȻҶԼһͬԸ塣ս֮УħԸһеѹǾһ壬ҪսΣ
Ŵԣ֮һĨ⡣ǰ濪κʧΨһʧǾ幫޸档
ºһЦȴᶨޱȵҵŮҵ䱦ħ£Ҳ޸һϲˣҲκΰνסԣҾܾ


641 
üͷ΢΢һ壬·ʮֿգԥŻðɡȻԸ⣬ô޸һ£ͿôˡħȻϣܹ뾫һˣͬԸЩ̰ª塣
Щ̰ª壬ΪԼÿ궼ɳĲūŽɫɭ֣ǿɰͬץūһ
ǵͬꡢǧ꣬ͬūһΪ¼ūЩšЦţѵûһŭǾһѪԣԵ𣿡
ָһһħӰȻ֣ЩħӰ֮Уһޱȵľܾ衢裬ñȹ硣
Լ֮ھǿ߿ħӰ֮УԼͬ裬Ūòεģһ˫𣬼Ҫɱˡ
Щ˴֮ռӰЩ֮ȨĴ塣ҿԷģҾûʹκηαӰ񡣡
ֱʩչһԵķԼϣһԵķʾûѡ
һ㣬Ӵ̼ЩǿߣǶӵ񡢳ޡŭ
ӪͬѡҲͲͬӪȻὫáħаһչָ塣ǴħӪȻҪĺڰչָ忴ƻ뾫֮Ĺϵ
Щ屾Ͷɫɭ֮Щɱ֮Ĳūг˷ŭȻһ͸ӵĳޡ
ȴΪ䵭ħ£ÿһ֮УкҲлˡ廹Ǿ塢ħ壬кҲлˡĴ֮Уȴв֮УͬҲкˡǾ岻˵ģȥɡ
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Ψһܹ忹ľħ塣ħ֮ǿƣ߼ħ嶼ʹħսԶԶ֮ϡ
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΢ЦѾ塢壬һȤûСȤľղصһ壬Ҳһ壬˵֮Уǵõһ壬۳ʥƿˣһĽħѹһ壬ҾҪݻ
΢Цףˣ
΢΢һЦһΣһɫԭʧټ
Ǵʧ֮ϵЦȫȥһ壬¶˼顣


642 նɱ
ħѾȴذɣɫɭ֣ءڲӭǵ
С֮ͨɭ֮ǰֱӱʮսʿΧסΪһӵа˼ְҵߣʿΪľ
ĹĵЩһȺ쵰ǴôԶĵطǡǾȻǣһȺļһ
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΢Цһȥ˲ôҴ˲ȱΡҴһŪ˶ʮΰֻ͡ҪǽǶʮΰ˵˲䣬Ȼٽ˲ز˻һһأͿ׬ȡʮϵıһνףӦþܹ׬ҡ
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һöҴԼܹһҵͭңңͨð˵һʾ޿
½֮УһŮͥʦһҲֻöҡѾŮͥʦȻȽ
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һֻھһƬֵʱ򣬺Ȼһ̻Ȼڶ𣬲ҷһصıը֮
һ̻ɫ䣬һ½еġԹᴩǹȵϮս׼
ɶʮðɵĻһ³γһԲȦСľΧ
ǴֵһƬݴһ䶯һӰǲݴ֮зɳΪŮȡ
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Щðһʮˣ׷ɫ䡣
һͨһᱡƤףֳһ̽ӴӴ֮߳һЦǵֹʮˣһʮˣ
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ڳЩսʿӦϢ֮һ¶һ˿֮ɫסԼ
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ͬʱͨħ似ְҵߣ֮ǿߣ
ûʥӦûߡǿְҵӢۡ
żӢ֮ۡҲֻоżӢܹۡͬʱħ似

Щսʿϲķâһɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ƽʵʮСְֻҵ߲ܹǿ߿⡣Щְҵ֮УߡӢۡǿְҵȫ࣬߱ħĿֲڡ


643 Ӣ
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һɷ磬ǿ߶Ǵ˽Ƕ߳ǿǶʿεҲ˽Ƕ֮жĸ֡


644 ѹǶ
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ǹϯ֮ϣǿǷ˷֮ǶֱƷɡ
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ǽǶ֮רΪ׼һ̨֮Ͽȥһ۾ͿһӵɫһʨĸߴԸоףһԸƤף¶ƬɢһҰζľɫһŸߴ֮ϣ·Ƕս֮ҫ˷֮ɫ
·ӦĿһ㣬ɢһҰζľɫŮ΢΢תͷڵλÿһۣ΢΢һ¶һƵζ
жʱӿһ˿¶һ˿Ц⣺ԭĴ
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żˣ̩׾Ȼ׳Ϊ˾ż̫ǿˣһǿš
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ǼĻӦÿԻǸӢۣϾǸӢۣѾ̩սһ

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΢΢һЦɨһ۲УȤ쿪ʼɣ
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ǰ벽ʿĿֲǿߣսսʶս顢ԶԶЩ֮ϣܹ׵ɱЩš
ЩԭǰȥսҲʵƾеսǻԸΪҫƴһսǿɲԸù
Щ¶һƵЦݣûˣһս
ЩڽǶһ˫ۼ˵Ļ棬ȴһͷûһս˼¸ҺͬĸЩʮ¸ңȴԸ
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ɨһͷڷǿߣʱĿ΢΢һ΢΢һĨ֮ɫʱ


645 ܽʱ
ʱߺ֮һӢ۽ʱ
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⾺֮е˴󲿷ֶϲ㣬Ƕ֪½ÿһʱͻһӢ۱Ǹǿ߾ǸӢۣԼλӢ۶ߡ
ЩӢÿһʮǿκһܹ׵ĳɳΪ漶ǿߡҪɱһӢ۶ʮѣ븶޴Ĵۡ
˵ĽǶ֮У˶ҵ˽ǶֻӢ໥棬ЩжһĨ֮ɫ
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һ֮д󲿷ֵĴǿ߶ʮʱ򣬴״̬֮ʱŽΪ漶ǿߡʮĴ漶ǿ߸Ƿëǡ
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漶ǿ½֮УĴڡ˲֮У漶ǿҲˡ
뽭ʱѾͻƳΪ˴ǿߣ½֮мֱ졣
ʱĵ棬˫۳죬ͬһͷŭޣ쵰һͻ˴档ڣֳҪΪ̤ʯ
ĽʱǽͬҪɵûôס
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Ϊǿ֮ʵ뽭ʱһ³ڲ֮䡣⽻֯һ޷ڶʱڽзնɱ˫ڳԾԷǿ
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Ӣ׵£̫ˣ
Ȼܹս֮вϵĽףӵǱʵǿߣ

Щ˹ڷ׷̾
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жôѪʵս֮ʱһűġ
Ұܰɣ
ٴһŭʵһɴн˴߽ףһʱĳɣն˽ʱϣնһ޴Ľۡ
ʥʥ֣
ʱһŭХ귨֮γһɵʥһնȥ
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ģĳȡԼڵγһֻ֮Žʱȥ
˵õˡ㷨ĵڶƪ£
ʱɫ䣬ĬģֱӷɳԦʥһ½նѣ¶һǽͨһͷ˽ȥ
֮һû֮У˽ʱ֮ϣýʱһ·һҽС
ǽʱ꼴֮ʣһɹޱȵķ籩Ȼ𣬽ǽʱһ¾Ӱ١


646 ܵ
濴ŽʱʧĵطһĨ֮ɫҵõˡ㷨ڶƪ£ֻ»һܾ˵ľ档
ʥǽʱԼ·Ҫƿطľ󻯡ʥζŽʱоΪµ귨򣬴ߵʿĵ·
귨ҲΪµĵ·֮һ˴ʿʵۼǿҲֻղ귨޷겻ࡣ
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ŵڵսʿһĻһɫ䣬ʿøӵ䡣¡һ˼սʿ֮ҲһԱͽǿȴһɱʿӰ֮󣬿֪
ǿս֮е
֮еཫ쿴¡ɱһĻҲ׷׺ˣ׵ðͷ
ǿ£
Щļ񣬾ȻҷЩ壬Ǹɱ
Ҿ˵Щ֮еӢְҵ߶ЩӦͳͳϽ̼ܣ

ŵ֮һЩɫ԰ףһ֮ڣŭޱȵ䡣
ЩУֻͬΪ˲п࿴Ķ󡣷ߣߡӢһǿߣҲֻǿõĶˡҮøһұŰɱЩڱƲűȵЩͬߵĴǿ޷֡
Ծͳ˧ǧ߾죬һ·ǰկ׽·˹նɱ壬ЩһƷ˿־;
ŵ֮ϣһżż
ŵ֮ϣһ·ɳļк¡
澲վڳǽ֮£Ĭģһָһ߼Ťߡ
һǸ߼Ť֮ϣ׷ƫƣ·۾һ㣬ܿ棬䵽һߵĵ֮ϡ
ÿ£
ǾӢۣһ
̫ˣֲ̫ˣ
ߵߣѵӦػΪʲôҪǵ򣡣

ŵ֮ϵսʿǼһĻжӿһĨͿ־塣½ػܵݵĶΪͬʱ˰ĵĶ󣬿ΪˣЩʿоѹԵľ

һӡâ֮һޱȵĹǹâ֮зɳһǹȺ֮С
Ѫɽһٶֱǹֱӹᴩ壬ȼһŰɫĹ棬ޱȵĲҽУȻǰɫĹ֮лɻҡ
Щһ·׷ɢҲβ͡ŵ֮ʿʿٴαõޱȡ
ĿŵǵĳһۣһЦתͷԼͳ˧ȥ
ͨĳУһܹնơŵǵĳžǿǿ棬Ҳ޷һնѡ
ŵڸƣǿ꣬ȻҲдһ˳ŵڴɱ䣬ȻΧɱ
ȺŹϲȺŹˣԾԵƣ˸ɵν֮ŵսʿʿѾ䵽˵׹ȣŵڵսʿʮɱ·ӲɣĽʮ
һﵱǧ޵Сһ˾Ϳѹһȣ˲𣡲ѡеŮ
֮Уŵǰҫ棬һЦޱվߣҲ¶һЦݡ
˲ļһҲȷʵʵ˶ǾĳŵҵŮ
Ҳ¶һЦݡվһȥԼʮ꣬һͷ𷢣崿ˮӵյľŮŮǾĹȡ
˲Ӣ׵£һΪҪʮܹǼһһܡû뵽ô죬·˹ͱɵˡ
ҲЦšߣҲһֻ߽һĶĽСȴޱȣ֫ЩϸİŮǰա
ǹϵδԼǰ;һսУĴǿǶս֮ϣ׼ʱͶս
ɵ˰·˹֮Ѿչֳǿޱȵ߼ʶ֮Ҳʼȫѹϣͬˣдһս
һһͷɫ̷ĸߴòӢһɫУ·޾׵£ǼĪߺأɸһһƽһս
ǾǼĪߺأ
ǼĪߺ򲹣Ȼ
Ļ˵ϣܹ׵£ϾҲߺ򲹣Ӣ֮еӢۣ

ŵڣ˶أж˷ܣеϣͨͨصϡ
ͬʱĿҲϡ
֮УʱӵĴǿߣԼ׵ġ֮ǡǿߵԶԶȡ˶ʮֺʲôѡ
ĿһۣƵãҾһսˣ幫
ʱ幫
ܵеΪӢĸȡǲ棬һӵϣɵأвСĴжʮֲնɱأ޵е󣬲аŵĵõֶΡ
ŵƽ֮ϣԶ
׵£֮أ
һЦ֮һӿһɴн׵Ŀֲֳִ˵СȻһΣԭʧǰһնȥ
һ̿ͣһ湭ҡսҵĵ̫ˡ
㷨ƪںϣ
һЦħ塢塢㷨˲ںϣһ˲ѹסԼ֮ǡˣǰ̤һ
һӰԭڵλá
⣬ôܣңҽҪΪʿʵ۵ˣô
һĨһޱȵĲҽУһķѣܽȥ
һĨ֮ɫǿߺ򲹵ʵһ
ӹһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾黹Ǿ壬ȻƽʵСÿһʱᵮΪߵĹΡ
½֮塢ƽʶԶԶ֮ϣȴɫɭ֣Ϊ֮ÿһᵮߡӢĹȻ塢ܹڶʱڻ壬һЩӢۡߵ̨ǾֻܹһٰܣΪǡ
Ϣ֮䣬һ̿ʹӰ֮Ȼɳֳذȥ
ŵǳǽ֮ϣһһɫβĴ漶Ů˫֮д˱ߣһε֮ϵ䣬乭һ䡣
һ̫ͬһļʸŷһеȥ
Ǵ̿봫湭֮ȱ·ǧһ㣬µ˼㡣
ӰɱôܳɹҿӰƿߣ
浭һЦеġâ֮һӣһǴ̿һ
Ǵ̿˲ķѣըѿ·ɽ


651 ¹
һɱǴ̿ͣһ㣬һɫâγɵĽȻǰ
һ̫ͬһļʸâǵĽ֮ըѿͼƻâǽ磬ȴâǽ׵ĵ
Ŀһһԭʧ
˾ޱȵĿ֮УѾŮ湭ֱ
ϧˣһɫˣ
һЩϧһޱȵĹâʱŮ湭ȫɡ
ޱȵĹâʧ֮Ů湭ֵϰѾʧĴ˵̫֮ҲӰ١
˵۾΢΢һ㿴ٳŵ⣬ķȥıһš̫֮
̫ˣ⣬ߵ
ÿµĹĹôĶ֣
ÿµĹ漶ǿߣȻС̫ˣ

ŵڣеսʿıӰ¶һ˿
Լǿ߶ŵĸ֣Ҳŵڣսʿ֧ǿͬһ㱻նɱЩսʿǵʿһµ䵽˹ȵס

ص֮Уֳ֡â֮ŵһָ
һֻʿ˼޵սʿеŵƽ
ּʸħսʿŵ֮вϵĳ֡
Ƿӳ˿ֲսȫŵڵ幭ѹơ
ҲƾļһһɱŵڵħʦҲչֳ˿ֲļħһŵħʦһһɱ
ŵڵħʦ˶ʮ֮󣬲дħʦǶҲҳڳǽ֮ϡ
ˣϰѣһٴݻǵĵֿ
濴Ѿִǽ£ʼùеǣһԵԼ֮еĴǿǳ
˾׵ӵгԶ̹Ĵǿ֮⣬㼯еĴǿǿеǳǼսһٻŵǵз
ڹȥս֮У϶ȴǿΪͷɱ棬ֱӴ򿪳ţֱɱڣǳعݡ
ڵս⣬˷ܵ촽߰ɣѾЩȲˡһµȤ
һϲսŻ֮ڣ½ĽǶ
ڽǶ֮ڵɱս֮ϵɱϲʮϲֽǿ˺ĸоֻʵԶԶ壬Ż˲棬ÿȥǶս
ҲսˡԹᴩǹվߣ֮ȵս⡣
߰ɣ
΢΢һЦһȣŵǵķȥ
ʮǿ߸ԣһŵǷȥ
ûãŵ£һֱӳŵǵĳǽ֮ϣһеġâ֮˷ȥǹֵķΧ֮ڣսʿͳͳᴩ˲ء
һɱ˰֮󣬲һһţһ˳ǽ֮ϣųŵķɱȥ
Ҳڲֳ־޶ĵס˸ŲȵĹ
һ±Ϊһͷߴף·һͷʨеĹֳ׳ľ޴Ⱥ֮УĻǿֲǾ޴֮еͳͳҳɷ顣
ҲһУŴ˵սնɱЩսʿ
ʮǿͬһ⵶˶һ㣬ޱȵĽЩսʿնɱǳڵķһ·ɱȥ
սʿܼĵطһӽ㽫Щսʿͳͳնɱ
ɢսʿǱĴǿնɱûãʮǿ߾һ·ɱǳ֮¡
ʥٶ֮
Ȼ֮䣬սʿ֮УһͨС·˫֮кâһһ죬ٶȷγһʥͬһ˽һȥ
ʥٶ֮ʿ콾һеķ󻯣Ҳĵ·γɵʥ͵Ϯ֮£Ȼǿ棬Ȼʿ콾һУᴩࡣ
㷨ƪںϣ
һʹһΣԤӿͷһҧתˡ㷨һޱȵϢ֮ӿʿ콾һ
۳ʥʿ콾Ȼ΢΢һһ̹İŮӰһ³Ժ֮У΢΢һȣ
ʿ콾ҲǼ֮һ˲ָѣѾˣǱɱģã˷
һɲ֮䣬һޱȵĽ˲ʿ콾ʿ콾ն顣
׵±ɱˣ
׵µ౻ᴩˣ
ħ׵ˣ

ŵ֮Уһ˴еһս֮
ֻҪӢ׵һͻֱŵ֮еսʿܹسսʤ
Ŵԣŵڵսʿʿʢǹǵսʿʿʼ͡
һ·𣬰Ȼվ֮Уң׵£޵У޵еӢδߣʿǣѾ·ˡʤǵģƳǣ
꣡꣡꣡
Ļ䣬һشʮŵǳŻ򿪣¶ͨŵǵĵ·
׵£꣡Ӣ꣡
Ƴǣ
Ƴˣ

ͳ˧񻶺ʿʢ׷׳ŵڡ
Ǵ֮з£վǳ֮ϣȻĸ·սͬһ𲻰ܵս
ǿһվڳ֮ϵ棬оͳ˿Ⱥ˷ܣʿ˶㡣
˭Ҳ֪ǰȻվڳ֮ϵѾᴩһεѪǻƽ֮ڣȻǻƽֱա
ҧסݣǿסǴ֮ʹĬĬǲ֮λľ콾κһ˶ӵвʵ֮䣬ͬĶǡ򣬾Σˡ
ǽʱ۳ٶʥʿ콾ټأǿ֣ƪ㷨һսҲ
ǿ໥֮䣬ͬҪΨһĳƺţ۳Ψһʥűƣһһնɱ
ŵһƣĪҲûǿĵֿ
ͳ˧׾ٵĽһһһ˰˴ţͬʱʿطƶӵΪԱµ֮
֮嵱ǩֺƽԼʽӭȢ˲ԼˡҲΪεӢ
΢ȶ֮һ߷չңһӵӢְҵǿ߱Ϊ֮Ч档
֮£ʮӢֱӱΪĲ¡ǶʮӢ֮Уǡ֮ǡ


652 Ӣ۾
ƤСèƹǽһͨСƹݣ۸ˣеǮ˶ϲǾƹ֮кȾġ
ƤСèƹݵĴűƿðߴ磬ͷס沿ǰ͹µʾŮݵŮð߽˾ƹ棬һ֮¡
ΰӢ˵ְ䲼һµߣٴνũҵ˰ҵ˰
̫ˣǵĸˡӢ꣡
һܣ³Ӣд̣ѾնʾڣǸ³רŰɱð߱ũΪ֣ǸڱӢɱˣӢˡ
ǰ͸˰նɱЩ۵Ĵ壬ҲֻӢŻôǰЩû˸ҹܣǷʲộܵСӢı

Ǿƹ棬Ӣ¼˶Ӣ
һŮð̲סʵô֪ô£
һͷð¶һЦݣóһݱֽݸŮðߣֽӢ˰ıֽе߶ڱֽ֮ϼءЩϴȻֽƤСèƹÿ춼жˣֽ֮ϵĸ߶
ֽ
ŮðߵͷһݱֽϸȥǱֽ֮ϼŸ䲼߷Լ˵
Ůð߳ЩĴ֮󣬴Ǳֽ֮ϸ߷һ¿ǸߵĲ
Ϊ֮Ĺ֮󣬲ûݳܣǴũҵҵҵֱӽ֮лõĲƸ󲿷ֱͶ˻֮С
ȫ֧֮£һ»˾޴Ļ÷չ٣ˮƽҲڲϵߡ
ũھʱԲİ֮£ȴԳԵһ¾ͻ²ӵͬʱֽʱǴĶһһҷЩʱͷŭǸӵĶ֮׽С
Ůð߽ǷݱֽݸһŮðߣʵȣôǱֽ˵ǲǼٵģ
ȽӹǱֽϸһ΢΢һףһ̾ӦģɪӾ֮УдԣϲŰɱͯСʱҸ׾͸߹ңԲҪӽǸ
ɢһɵǿϢŮð΢΢һ̾ô˵Ӣ׵һжȷģһ·֮˶Ӣ׵¡նɱбĴ壬ũĸ˰ūˣ̰۸ܵĹԱ޽ƽԼӦħܵ֡еȣҲܹɱ
ȵɫ΢΢һף˫ֽҧס촽
Ůð߼ȣɡӢ׵ֻǰҵľλûҵأҽ֮ۼ۳Ϊսծȯ˵֮ûзЩսծȯԶʮΪޣʼлһȻǹ壬ȴȻܹΪˣϣ
ȵ֪ˡ̼һӢҪȥ𣿳ΪߣӢҪΪߣѾʲôܡ㲻±ɱ𣿡
̼Ůðߵ֣ҲǼĪߺ֮һ½֮еʵǿޱȡ
̼Ըսûгŵ¡һʱ֮Ӣ۶ûвҵս
̼΢ЦõģֽѾдˣֻҪЩӢְҵǰ֮֮Ĳ⣬;ԲΣաһӢְҵѾִ˹֤֮ʵӢĳŵ
ûж˵ʲôĬ
ʮ֮󣬱̼һбִ˹֮
̼ң
̼֮ãһһͷɫ̷òӢӴʮʿǰ΢Ц
̼һӣʱ¶һ˿ˬĵЦݣ㣡㵱ˣ
΢ЦûӢҵӭʹߣרӭЩԲͬطӢְҵߡˣӢ½ٿһᣬӢְҵߡȥʹɡ
̼֮һĨ⣬һһΪʲôӢҪЩӢְҵټҲľͻᱻΪ棿ࡣ
ʮˬҲûʲôģӢ׵±£ԸҪΪһߣնɱħߵ֮֮󣬾´еӢְҵֻҪŵܹͷΪ壬һʾ޿
̼΢΢һΪ⣿
ڱ̼澹Ȼ´Ӣְҵߵǿ´ǿһźıȴû뵽Ǹı˵ˡ
֮󣬱¾͸̹ϵ˵ĿġټǣӦҲǸЩոյִӢְҵĺԸǵĹǡ
̼һᣬŻʹڲȥ
ػȣ̼һ̤һͿǹ֮վŽһӢְҵߡ
ЩӢְҵǿǿѾΪ棬Ľֻ߼ְҵߡ⽫һӢְҵÿһڸԵ֮ӵкպ̼Ҳֻ˵ǵš
½պӢְҵΪһȫ˹֮֮ȨƵ
Ӣµ
Ǵ֮⣬һ
߸ŲȡޱȡȡĴˣһȺĹ֮У̤˴֮ڡ
£
Ǵ֮еӢְҵǶ׷׵ϥ£һ
񣡡
Ǵλ֮£·ǽһӢְҵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ϊ½֮һܹЩӢ׶ȨƵ治֮ټ֮Ӣۡ
һӢְҵ֮ºһЦλһʮֺ棬ΪʲôһὫλǰ˵ءڣͰԼĿĸߴҡ
Ӣ׵³һƫƧũ塣ǸׯȴħˡҴС¶˾ģҪħնɱΪ˱һҪΪߣֽħնɱܹеħ
λ֮ɵѡǷ֮ΪЧֻҪҼ֮ԻùĴͷ⣬ÿ¶Ӣ۽ƽԣ
ΨһҪħս֮ǰҲҪ֣нħնɱȻħս֮ˣôλѡǷΪߣħһս
дҳȫΨһԸ
΢΢ЩӢְҵǿһһϵ
û⣡
£ĺˣ˶Ӧ󣡡
£ԸΪ֮Ч

ЩӢְҵǿвѾͶ棬׷״ĳŵ


653 ʥ
ЩϵرӢְҵ󣬴󲿷ֶ˳ŵһЩΪߣµӢȨ֮Ҳֻܹεѡ
Ŀǰ֮Χ鲼塣һ£ЩӢ۾ͻħͽܵ׷ɱ
ЩӢһ·Կ֮£ϡЩȥŰɱԼĴ嶼ѾһնףصΰҲԶȹȥҪõöࡣ
ЩӢսǿޱȣˮƽȴʮֵ£ҲϾǵðߣȻܹ֮˵ԶʱҪǿöࡣȻҲһ֮֡
ͬҶЩӢɱ֡Ͼ֮ĸ֮£ɱʮӢۣɾԻᵮӢۡ
ͨ㷨Ϳ̼ԼӵоӢۡǶܵ˾˵ĳ׷ɱǣӵС㷨ҲֻܹɱһˣʣµһԻ᲻ϳɳΪ޵С
ЩټӢ֮ǰлһš㷨塣
֮Уֱ𱣴һƪ㷨ƪ㷨ҲС
еġ㷨֮Źһˣʥ԰ķȥ
ʥ԰λһ·֮ϳħޡħ֣ʥ԰֮Уӵд漶ħ֡
һ·׾ٵĽ·ħһһնɱʮͽʥ԰ڲ
ʥ԰λһСɽ֮ڣһ½ȫͬĹСǹޱȵĳÿһ֮϶ŹӡǹӡȫԽķ롣
ʥ԰ڲҲ֮֮࣬Ļ۽ڵ㡣ЩӡҾȻܹ⡣ʥʿǿӡ
濴ǳн֮ŵĹӡӹһĨ֮ɫ
Թǻ۽ƻ֮ǻѾ溣ܡΪˣӡܹ׵Ľˡա
ֻʥʿϵǿµӡŻ޷⡣½֮зˮƽΪ£ֻжδ½ˮƽﾹȻӵ˿ֲӡҲЩȡ

ɨǹޱȵӡһۣתһĻֱӷӡԼļ
Щǿޱȵӡʱ޷⣬ֻܹó֮ӡԼԺֻҪȵʵ㹻ǿȻԴӼЩӡھо
ʥ԰֮ţãһ޴ļ̳ǰ
Ǿ޴ļ̳룬һͨʯӡǼ̳Լʯ֮ϡ
һʮŽ׵İֱͨʯ
ǰݾ߽ݣǼ̳ʯǴ˵֮ӵеʥҲʿ콾ǽƴı
಻̤߽ݣ
ǰ֮ǰһѪܵıģһ㲻𣬷·ᴩʱ䳤ӵĿֲϢǱ֮
ϢѵǳԽʿʵ۵ߵϢ
濴һ鱮ģһĨĹâܹʿʵ۵ϢѹʿʵۼϢѹͬһɲ⣬ߵϢͬһСһ㣬ԶԶʿʵ֮ϡ
âߣĴߣһΪߣֻһ˵
һЩصĴ˵֮У֮λֹһ㲻ߡЩ߶İ꣬ʱŶ࣬㲻
Ҳ֪ʲôԭЩǱӲ֮λʧֻһЩż֤kǴڹ硣
ߵżһΣأڲͬʱ֮УһҲΣء˵֮г˳֮⣬ߴʿʵ۶ߵַַ֮֮̽еΣմش䡣
кȻӿһɻ󣺡ߣôػ壿ߵʷڹʱ֮ǰʱ֮󣬾ҲûߵĴˡ
潫ɻڼһ̤߽ݡ
ǰ߽һųޱȵĹâϯȥһֻ±ӵĸоӿͷ
ҧвϵΪԼľ꣬ȻħҵȴʿҾԿ̤߽ݣ
ֶξԾ춯أܹĴڡֻܹԼ壬һ·
һޱȵĹâڽӴ֮ϸɨһȦȻʧ߽ݳݡ
һ΢紵һ˵Ѹ֮һıһȥ
ɹˣ
׶ֳǡѸ֮ſϲ֮ɫѾڴ˵Ǳ˺ܾãΪ˴̳һ
Ѹ֮ļӳ֮£׶͵ϮһԽһǿʿǿߴɱ
ͬʱ׶ҫַâЩ÷ִħʦصħҩȫãȫΪһ
ͳһ֮󣬾ͱΪǿӢҲΪŵѡ׶֪Լ޷濹⣬ѡ˴ɱ档
ף׶ܿĽϧ㻹Ҫ켸ʮϵĿ콣һ̫ˣʥû۳㣬һ
һֱ˫۵滺˫ۣһųޱȵĹâ·̺˵Ϣһն¡
·֮ǣ֮£׶ʮֹײĽ£һ־һƳ룬еȫ
ʱǲ֪ʿԶˣ
ָһһŻ׶ϣ׶ȫճɻҡ
ɵ׶߽ݼ̤һȴо߽֮дһ޴ų֮
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΢΢һ߶㷨һ˵ϣŤתˣ߽ݵľ޴ų֮ȫ
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һɷγһī·һʥ
߽֮ÿ̤һܹյһϢʥ͸ʵһ֡
ߵǼ̳֮ʱʥ֮бѾſֲޱȵ֮
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潫ʥǼʯһϣɷ۶ɵʥʯнһųҫޱȵĹâγһֲޱȵʥ
һסʥɷİʥ֮дѸٵ⡢ա


654 ʿ
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ÿһܹЩɢ֮еʿ⣬նɱʿ¼
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ϹһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾ɢȥ󻯣ˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ܹӦϹŵĿֲϹʵֹôһ㣬ΪʲôҪ䣿
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һԵŮǷ׷ֱ׵ĳ棬ǹϲּĳ档
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˫۳ģϽߵʿѧԺѧҲϽߵʿѧԺǰʮţѾʿٹ꣬ʮİճʿر˾ѾҷԼұҵ֮󣬼ر˾ϲ˭ôɫ𣿡
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ڳŮĿˢһ¼ϡ
΢΢һЦǺãҽԷһǿʿ
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Ȼǿʿ
ĵȻ꼶һ㣬ȴǿʿ۹⻹治
ɶ߹ʺˣȻܹһǿʿѣ

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ЩߵʿѧԺ֮еѧҲֻ֮еڼ˴֮͢󣬲пΪǿʿһʿʿݱҵȻΪͨʿ֮еһӡ
ľȻܹӵӵǿʿΪǿΪѣȻЩŮĽ
΢΢һ¶һҸЦݡ
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ΧʿǶо֮ŨŨĶ⣬һۣĬȻһ㣬ȷʵϽߵʿѧԺţСС꼶ѾӵʿΪһǵѣȻİ˵档
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ÿ죬һǿʿһ֤Լʵ£

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ֻҪԼЩ˽ʿ֪ļʿҲֻܹСʱ֮Ƴһر治ʮӾƳ˰˼һرԽļʿ
ǰƵرעһر׷ͷųǿ
һ΢Цûǰ˼һرϲͨһʿ֤ǷҪ֤

ٵԼʲôزǿֱΪṩߵȼʿʸ֤˷ʱ䡣
չֳѾԶԶЩٵЩǲŻɵ룬ǿߵȨ
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ڳԵʿŴԣʱһǸߵʿѧԺ֮УĽҲļʿ
弶ʿѾĴڣκܾһ弶ʿļ롣
һ弶ʿһ֮Уλ»ʿЩ弶ʿĵλһ»ʿĵλҪߵöࡣ


659 弶ʿ
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ȻųϽߵʿѧԺţʮҪΪһļʿʮϰŬпܡҪΪһ弶ʿûпܡ
һ弶ʿԸ⣬ȫԼһߵʿѧԺΪԺʿǼǸӵ弶ʿĸߵʿѧԺѧ
Щ弶ʿ󲿷ֶǿҪһڸʵ顢رĹ֮ϣû˻ȤΪߵʿѧԺԺ
һٹûʸĿ٣ԵƬ̣ȻһʦǰΪԣ
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꿴ŰɣһĨĽ֮ɫ΢ЦɣһԸô
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磬ر˾ҵĺѡμӵɶԡҫ磬һȥμӰɡ
Ľ֮һĨ֮ɫȴȻòԵ΢΢һЦ̤˱֮ڡ
翡һһĨ񶾵Ĺâ󲽸˹ȥСȻΥСү˼ǲ֪СүŪ֮ÿģ


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ǱޱȵĲƺ֮ϣڷһӣһ֮ǷŸָζޱȵʳԼζޱȵϡ
ЩʳԼ϶ʹ÷ħĴڣΪζڵ֮ϣȫɱʳ
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Ľᣡ
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ЩߵʿѧԺѧ˵»ǡǶ˵̫ңԶĴ˸û˵»ǡǵţΪЩǵ̫ԶĽݵĸȴ˶֪Ĵǡ
Ľ΢΢һЦһϵһرָһɫĹâ˷ɢ
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ԭԷѣԷ廹ˣ
㣬һǩ𣿡
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ЩߵʿѧԺѧǿ潫Ľֱߣһ¶˷ܡĤݡʵ顣
ĽĴǶЩߵʿѧԺѧ˵Ǳ»ʿʿħǿ߻Ҫ߲ʵĸ֮Ů֮еŮŮȻǣˣȻЩߵʿѧԺѧǼʲѡ
Ľ֮ҲȾһĨΣĹڳһܶҵвСӰ죬ȴûĴ֡
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УҲߣǰһĽǰɨһۣһĨâȡһͨѶħУⰴ˼µǰ3-409šмǿдҵıһǿߴһ£֮һʿǿʿ
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ЩߵʿѧԺѧǿ棬һĿɿڴԼ۾
һ»ħ»ʿǴ֮УҲҪ˲ţ֮оͻΪͨߵʿѧԺѧǸûлӴ»ʿǿߡ


661 
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ĬģһͨѶħйâһһߴһͷ磬ʲô£˵Ҫ˷ҵʱ䣡
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Ȼһתͷŵ֮ȥֻһһս£һͷɫ̷ĸ͹£ɢһҰ޸߹ľɫŮ
ɫŮ󣬸ʮˣʿ»ʿ
ǾɫŮر˾ǰһЦ⣬ر˾λǺã
⣬֮ӹһĨ֮ɫͦͦŵã󽫾λǽ÷Էرά飬;ܽǰɣ
ã΢΢һЦݣ
һâҫһ𷢱ۣĸһԼ䣬ӵ»ʿΪĸߵȾ߹ˣ
֮ϣʲôҪᡣһ£ʧˣ
ò֮͸¶һɵԶֱתŵȥ
ʿ˴»ʿҲ˿ûһнӴ˼
Щսڵһߵսʿ඼ЩרоʿûʲôøСЩս͵ʿ˵һͬսսѺͻǿεĴڡЩЩں󷽣Ƹرоʿ
òһЦǺãŵĹܼңʲôĻᣡЩ˵˽˽أϣǲҪҴ
ݺܿͽ֮Щһ˽һһ˳
һ֮ǰ˼رžͽ˺Ҵδ½һ޴ķ۳ڡ


662 Ѫλ
һһͷɫ̷ò㣬ϢһƾŮߵһ˵ǰϴԵ΢ЦǺãҽޱѾ֪һεάرλǸһǵλ
üͷ΢΢һԷһάλܹʦλάϵλ֮·Ҫر֮һ֪ڴ͢λ֮·УںҴδ½ûλ֮·
ʿǿߵڵ滯˵ΪΣգвп䡣һͲòԷݡǱر˾߲ļƻΪ
ޱ΢ЦںҴδ½֮Уһħʳʱͨλλ֮·һλ֮·ûбݻ٣Ǳӡסˡǵ˲֮ǰ⿪λ֮·ķӡѾɹͨλ֮·λ档
ڳʿԣһ۾һ¶һ˿˷ܵɫ
λ֮·Щλ֮·ֱͨͬλ档Ǵǲͬλ˴ԴʿŻ˼ķչ
һͨλλ֮·ٳɹܹµλ֮·þ޴档
ʮ侲ֱָĺģλ֮·ͨʲôλ棿Ȼ󽫾ˡ
Բ֮λʿǿµλ漸ûʲôѶȡµλ棬λ濪˾һѹ
λ濪˾Ȼڰ¿λ汻ྫӢ⼸ʱ䣬͢ѾЩʧľӢϡȻȲԭôǿᣬѹµλȻ׾١
ʿȻԳȻλ֮·ͨλ沢򵥡
ޱһλ֮·ͨʮλ֮һѪλλ֮·
Ѫλ棡
ŴԶһ
Ѫλʮλ֮һѪλ֮еǸߵѪ塣Ѫλ֮УѪΪѪмѪ߼ѪѪ壨һʿмѪ塢߼Ѫ塢ѪѪ塢ѪоѪӾ»ʿѪ岮ѪѪ幫溣ܣѪѪ档
Ѫλ֮УŴѪ棬еһѪһʿʵۼǿߣңԶĹʱӾԶʱ
ڵڶʿʳʱ֮ǰѪλ棬˵һѪ棬ӵkӮһγʼ֮Ѫ
ҲǴӵڶʿʳʱ֮ǵһѪ伣Ҳûһ˿Ϣڰʿʳ֮Ѫλ֮УЩѪ˵ҲѾ伣
Ѫλ֮УȻʿѪΪΣյһλ档ȻѪλҲһԴΪḻλ档ǸߵѪѪȫͶһѪʿ塣ʿӵرԽЩ߼ѪץסƳޱȣʿʵħҩ
ǳʼ֮Ѫ˵֮Уӵдʿ˽ޣʿԽþżʵľ
˴֮ѪҲӵʿ˽ޣ˼ʵ
ֻǳ˵ڶʿʵ۽֮⣬û˴ӵһѪӮùʼ֮ѪЩսѪǿߣ󲿷ֶ˵kǵѪʳ
⾹Ȼͼһӡλ֮·˶һ
֮λʿǿҲֻ溣ܣӰ˴ʿʳĵۼرҷӡ˴󲿷ֵλ֮·ܹưԲ֮λ档
ʮλ֮Уаλ桢ħλǿλ棬ʱ޿̲뿪һλ֮·֮ͨλ档kǵʵɱȲ֮λʿǿöࡣ
ѪλǿҲԶԶ֮λ棬Բ֮λʵȻóȻһλ֮·ֱ
һѪλѪǿ߿ͨȶλ֮·֮λ棬ô֮λЩӵʥرۼرػĴ֮⣬ʿΪЩѪλߵѪѪʳ
ΪʲôҪͨѪλλ֮·̫ΣˣһĽ͡ǲǣλ֮·
ޱλ֮·ħʳλ洩Խͨλ֮·ָ˴͵ͬλáǶԷǲ֮λ߶ȡλ֮·ƿȨ򣬵kǸλ֮·ǣǿͨλ֮·ѪλúԴ
һر˾ʿǶ¶һȻ顣ǿɵĲλڵλ֮·ħʳλ洩Խӵλ֮·úˣǹᴩλͨͨλó׾ܹþ޴ĲƸ
˫֮һӹһĨ֮ɫ
΢΢һɫĿһԵһۣԭˣֲǰ˵أ˵أؾΪһλ֮·ֹᡣ溣ǶţɳһʿǰҴδ½ء
ȻһҪҪһλ֮·
ĿƼļ֮Ĵս˵սͬһΪֲĵزһͨ»ʿûзһ֮䣬ͻᱻǲߢ˲ն顣Ȼһ»ʿӳֺøַȫԽһܲߢŰ
һʿͬϹ۳ǿߣǧĴսҲԸɵһʿ
ǿսټϣʹԼ֮еʿѾսħڵʮڲ֮λϵ
תһ룬ѡ˷Уû壬Ҳزס֮λǿǴ͢
͢񣬻еۼرػʥʿǿ߸ȥƾǣҲᱻƾǵǿ߶õۼرѹ
ޱĴ֮£һнһſǿҪ棬Ҫ룬һߴףӡλ
λþǲһλ֮·ѪλĲͬλ濪ͬʱѪλǿ޷ͨλ֮·֮λ档
һλ֮·֮λʿԶڽһõĻᱻλǿ߷ɡ
ħʳʱλ֮·ڲ֮λ汻ħʳ֮λǿֹ֮λ棬Žһλ֮·ݻ٣ʿһ´ȵˡ
Ǽر˾ʿһλ㿪ʼиָĵԡǼ̳ħʳλڼרҵر˾ʿĵ֮£һڣȫָ
λ֮ڣΪر˾ܹʦ֮һ˷ܵյԿʼλ
λâһӡâҫһȸߴʮ׵ͭһ³֮У򿪣¶һͨѪλλ֮·һλ֮·ΪȶʿʵۼǿҲȫԴλ֮·Խλ档


663 ʥǹ
⿴һƾճֵλ֮·¶һЦݡλ޸ȫ֮ʱֻܹһȶλ֮·ǲȶλ֮·ֻܹʹʿʿǱѪλ档
λ޸һλ֮·Ѿֻ֣Ҫӵ㹻ħ溣Ҳɵͨλ֮·ɵĴλ档λ֮·ļֵ֮޴󣬿֪
֮Уӵλ֮·ҲʮҴ󲿷ֶͨһЩλ桢ĵλ档ͨʮλλ֮·͢Ҳֻǵ
սħյͨλλ֮·ǲȶλ֮·Ҳֻܹʿλ档λ֮·ȫͬն
һλ֮·ոһ֣һѪȻ˿У޾ĺڰִأѪųһ˿˿ѪɫĹâ
ѪǿߴѪ֮зɳλڵķ
һ԰ޱȣ·겻⣬ȴĳʻƽòף˫Ѫ֮޺ľӱſһѪе΢Ц⣬ˣл㽫λ޸ӽһλ֮·Ѫˣ
һħǿѪܲԶһһǿֲѪѪ֮зɳÿһħѪ嶼еĿŮͬʱɢһɿֲȻ֮һġ
ǺҪѾſǿޱȵķ磬Ȼвʿ֮еЩȥ˧ѪǿȻ¶һ˿˿Ľ֮ɫ˵֮Ĺϵ
ڲ֮λ֮УطѪǿߣkҪ÷Լܹ׵ԻʿĸԸĳΪkǵѪʳΪkṩѪҺ
ʿϲȦѪǿߣkǵĳ۰
ǺҪ֮ڣһʿ֮ŵѪǿߣж¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ѫ֮зɳѪѾʮȻЩ󲿷ֶѪԼӵоλµѪڻңӴϲӿѪǿߣѾӵвҪ
һЦޱȵԼɪҺƾǣҪݺҪԶԶ⣬ֻǰװˣ֣
ǺҪ֮һʿâҫһޱȵĹâЩѪǿϯȥ
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Ѫһ»ͼӴܣǸַĺ֮£Ȼȫ飬ֱɱ
ѪĻָΪǿᣬͨѪֻҪԴûб£ûбᴩ˶ôصƶָܹ
ǴѪѪֻҪڵѪûбƻԴ顢౻ᴩkǶܹѪѸһʮѲĿֲˡ
ǲ֮λĴ󽫾սḻޱȣµսʿҲսľʿʿ֮мķһɫǻϵϵӣƬΪһƬ𺣡
޾Ļ֮£Ѫǿ߻ɻңЩѪѪҲΪѪվһһҽ䡣
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һӵоλǿѪǿߴ߶ֲޱȵѪܷĺǺҪķ硣
ЩѪӾϵǿ߶ǿħǿߣkÿһγֺǺҪķ֮ϣǷ֮ϣһ˿˿
ʿ»ʿȻɳʩչطЩѪӾϵǿɱһ
ʿ»ʿ϶װǿررӲĵס˱һѪħǿߣͬʱԼռϷ硣
Ϻһһ׸ȫ£зˣޱȣӡ۶ɵĺɫս׳Ľ֮ϣͬʱһӡĳǹС
һɿ溣ܵĿֲϢ֮ϣ˷ɢȥ
ԼɪҺһϵرʱɫ䣬̾ʥرʥסʥرǹֻеʿʳӵзѪҲܹʹرȻϡ⣬ҵĵһǿߣԶԶԽ̵Ĵڡ

֮ȼڻ棬ûаϻ·ΪһֻܹһеĻˣԼɪҺȥ
ԼɪҺ˫֮кһһ±ʿ۷ĿֲѪӿγһޱȵѪɫӡ
ѪɫӡһӣγһŲѪɫâǷ磬ԼɪҺǰ
ǾŲӵѪɫâǷԼɪҺյǿ磬溣ڵĴҲҪǷܹ硣
⻯ĻһײѪɫâǷ֮ϣѪɫâǵķһŤ޷ֹǻ˷ֺ
һĻһ⣿û磬Ȼӵ˿ֲսʥرȻ״̬֮£ֻϣûװװ֮ǰҲδĶ֣
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⻯Ļһ㽫ǾŲӵѪɫâһ飬ԶԶԽʿܹʩչޡ
ס֣
ʱѪ֮ϣһ֮һ溣ܵϢӿѪγһֻ֣ԼɪҺǰݺȥ
⻯Ļһ´ѪγɵĴ֮ϣѪγɵĴӲĹᴩ޾ĻԼɪҺǰһǹݺݵĴԼɪҺ֮ڡ
ԼɪҺ֮ӿõkһ·һޱȵĲҽ֮
һȼųɫԼɪҺ֮зɳһѪ·ȥ
һֻѪγɵļʸֱӺȥ
Ӷеķǹһ̣޾ĻѪܼʸ֮ϡ
ǿһըѿһ´ͬһ׹˵ϣǴغһ޴ĶѨһѪ
ȻǷʥסǹǿ֮£ӵԽ溣ڴܵƻȴϾ溣ܣĲݺսʶ֮ϣԶԶ溣ܵĶ֡
Ѫ֮УһޱȣȴŰѪһΣһ³µһ»ʿһ̣һ´»ʿڣһ»ʿܼٶʧȥеѪҺһ߸ʬ
Ѫֽµ»ʿ׵һߣ¶һ̵ЦݣζѪ»ʿѪζҺãѪ󹫾Ī


664 ˧
֮еѪ󹫾Īüͷ΢΢һ壺⣬󹫾ѪѪ壬ܹ溣ܿĴڣ
ʥסǹʥرֻʿڵΪԼԦʥر
رԸĪпܽĪشǻܡȴһԱԼɪ̳ˣֻһͻ䡣
ⱬ֮ȻдѾѪ󹫾Īһս
Ѫ󹫾ĪȻҲԼɪ󲿷ֵŴӺڰ֮˿ûǿ߷緶һ֣͵Ϯɱµһ»ʿ
µһ»ʿ䣬ǲдʿߴ»ʿѪħǿߵΧ֮£һ±᧿Σ
ĪָһţԼɪһ·УѪӿУǲȼŵķֱ֮ӱƳ
ԼɪƳ֮׺ѸһŤ仯ΪΣϢ٣ֻɢ»ʿϢ
ĪһףһųɫѪһ·ԼɪĿС
ԼɪһһųɫѪһɿֲѪڵk֮ڽ»ʿѸٵĻָ֮
գһĨ֮ɫѪѪĿֲ֮˶ôصƣֻҪӵгѪܹѸٵĻָ
ѪλѪѪָԶԶ˶ħ顢ȳֻҪӵгѪ󲿷ֵƶܹѸٵĻָں̵ܶʱ֮ڻָ󲿷ֵս
Լɪһָ󲿷ֵԹĿһۣһΣһĨӰסߴ»ʿ֮ǰĹǾŴʿ
Īǰ̤һһӰǰҪĵ·ȫ
Ī⣬֮ɫЦ⣬Һ㣬ԶԶĽ㣡ߣҵŮˡҿԴѪѪΪѪѪһԱΪϲڲڣҲʿռ׷ѵ𣿡
һЦֱָе󣺡ϲĴڣܲϧΪѪѪ壬ҪΪ㲻ĴڣȻܡѪȷʵԶԶԽ࣬ϧͬҲо޴ȱݣǵĵһ棬ôһֱѪλ棬̤֮λ棿
Ѫĵһǹʿʵۼǿߣ˵֮УkǴӹʱǰľѾϵϹŶ֮һkһֱѪλ֮Уû뿪
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һʿʿʳѪǿ߾ͻһ֮г֣֮λ棬ʿʳٶȡ
ΣѪһ涼غڰ֮Уڽ֮֮⣬ûеk¼
ʿ֮콾ͨץѪиʵ飬ѽѪǲϲĴڣkȷʵӵиƾõͬҲͬһ˥ϣ긯࣬
ִϧ̫ˡֻܹҵѪʳˣ
ĪϧһЦָһţǵصѪӿգͬһѪֵһ㣬ϯȥ
յѪӵпֲĸʴԣ溣ܱУҲᱻѪȫճɻҡ
Ĭģһ޴ķ˴Ƿǹ֮зɳͷųķ֮Χơ
Ѫһѹ£㽫Ƿ֮ѹС˼㣬·ʱ
Ȼ֮䣬շ·ѣһ溣ܼĿֲϢȻһ·ܹһеĺڰ֮ȻɳͬһŰĪȥ
Ǻڰ֮֮£˴Ԫ˧֮һ˧̴һرڷսףֳرڷ֮ǹɢſֲޱȵƣŰĪȥ
رļӳ֮£Щ۳溣ܱһǹУҲᱻ̱磬Ȼֱش
ĪһŤʧе˧Ȼô
ʱĪǣסֲֵǿֲһ
ƭģ
ڰĪеһɲǣϺȻ¶һɫһЦ
ڰĪӰ棬һɫӰȻɳһ溣ܼĿֲϢһͷһԹǣ߸ߴ׵ħȻֳ֣һͷĶȻ֣ٶһ̵ǰ
һǹͷľ޶֮ϣһͷǾ޶֮ըѿһըʮ˸ͷȻǾ޶ܵ
ǳһԹǣ߸ߴ׵ħ¶һЦݣּ̣ˣ
Ŀᣬɭޱȵɱڷ֮ǹֱָͷħɶ࣡ÿ򣬽ڣ
ħɶǱڲ֮λ֮溣ܼĹħk̽ʮΣÿһζܶءмΣһͱնɱ
˴Ԫ˧˧Ҳǰ˴Ԫ˧֮ǿļ֮һӵرս˿Щ溣ܡ
ħɶɭȻһЦ̣ȷʵĶ֡ɲֹһˣ
һޱȵϢһӿһͷɢϢħ溣ܴһ߳һЦ̣ǽһͬĵطǽãһǺڣΪʲôǵ
̿溣ܣĿ΢΢һ
ѪѪ塢ħħһǿʵԶԶǿͬǿߡƾرȻһж˿塣һѾĽޡ
˹ȥ
һ𣬿ޱȵĺڷ֮Χƣ·һɫ
ɶࡢ˹溣ӹһĨ֮ɫһ¼Ѫ츳һǿޱȵķڵkǵ֮
˧Ǵ˴Ԫ˧֮ǰĿֲڣвɶࡢ˹бɱΣա
̱ĳ΢΢һģһɫķ֮γ˼ʸͬɫĹһŷɶࡢ˹ȥ
ɶһģħӿڵkħĵط̮ɫĹһ䵽̮֮Уͬȫ飬˲̮
˹ħ֮Ӷȭͷ˲һȭȭӰڷֱ֮顣
һ˲䣬һģ˰ĪһǹѪѪ󹫾ĪֱӴȥ
ĪɫȻ䣬һѣѪһ¹˲Ƴʮ֮⡣
һץץУ΢΢һΣöһ³ǺҪ֮ڡ


665 ͻ
ħֱҲֻӻǺҪĽ֮С
ǺҪĽ֮ڣʿ֮е溣ܼĿֲ壬¶˾֮ɫ
һ˺Ҫ֮УǺҪķʱǣһȫµķȻ֣Ҫ֮ϡ
ĪɨǺҪһһЦȤ˧Ҫ磬ӦÿԵֵ溣ʮ칥ݻ١ʮʱ䣬㹻㹻ǿսΧǣ
ûǼȻ֪ˣ뿪üѾ߷һж㱨˳֮͢ڣ͢Ĵͻ˵أͨͨɱ
Ī΢΢һЦͼصʵ죬ֻҪá֮ۡһСʱ֮ڣԽѹǿ߾ͻִ˵أ
ü΢΢һ壬ӿһ˿ԤС
ĪһĨâҪݻٺҪĽ磬Ҳò졣磬ƣ
ǲ֪Ѿƶ뽪÷˫֮һһĨĹâһӴޱȵһû˫ֵֻ֮ϡ
ֻر֮ϣһ¼ɫУ˲ն뽪÷һ㽫뽪÷նɱ
ͬһʱ䣬Ĭģһ㣬һâûλ֮ϡ
ӡλ֮һޱȵͨһ³֮УֱͨҪڲ
ɫ䣬ָһһޱȵĺڷ֮ȥ
һЦһ¼λǰγһλͨͨͬĵط
̺Ǻڷ֮һû֮Уλͨ
溣ܼǿһЦ΢΢һΣһ½λͨ棬λͨҪĽ֮ڡ
溣ִӺҪڲȫԽҪķֱӺơ
溣һλͨλһųĹâһɹֲλ֮ͨбλͨһΪֱͨͬĵط
һλͨ˲ʧѪ󹫾Īһ¶һ˳˺Ҫ֮ڡ
Īɫ䣬ŭķеڸʲô
̡öʱһϲĴ߶밲Īɱһǽö֣һ½Īɱýڽڰˡ
Ǳʤľ澹˷˼ıŤת˹
һĻĿɿڴæֱʲôû
Ҹɵģ
һɫĹâҫͷ­֮ϣͷ­һըѿİ׵Ľһء
ǱӦȥվλ֮ϣģɵĲλֲر
ĪѪ׷ڣƴȫͷųһȻԼ˹Էѷɶࡢ˹ŽҿڤԼģһŮˣڷȥǵ֮󣬾Ͱ͸㵱С檡ͬʱҲҵѪתΪѪһĴ壬Ϊʮ
Դǵľܾǳ͢ˣǳ͢ĹĪЩ¼壬Բұѳ͢
һǹڰĪϣ̳һ޴ĿͬʱݵĴȵ˵úãԷסֻҪסʿԴȫˣ
һսϵҵˡ̡ҵ֧ﱻȫߣôڴ֮еĵλͻһǧɡ֮£һʿĵԴ࣬ȴȻ溣ܵĳܷΧ֮ڡ
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Īּ˴ԼСʱʩչӶͼѡǺҪſǿޱȵķ磬ÿkոѵһ룬ͱǷ絲סȻ̡׷ϣһɱ
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ĪԹޱȵĵԼһۣſһ磬kһѪȻɳģģӡһɲ֮Լıֱӹޱӡǵڡ

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˹һΣһʿǰצһΣһö֮Լһͳ˵kС
ʿ˫һʧȥɣһʬ壬˹һ˺ֱ˺飬Ȼһڵľ׽
ħһϲ̳֮еǿߣõkǻøǿҲʿɱħһԭ


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Ļ΢΢һЦ΢΢һΣһ±Ϊ汾ĿҲҡȷ˵ҡֻһҵĿģټȣ൱ڸң
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Ѫ廯Դ˸ǿߵѪ֮Ϊһǧÿʱÿ̶ڽûþͻָ˶Ӿȫʢʱڵʵ
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ѩҹ֮ǵѩҹǿѩҹ֮ǵ࣬ҲǸ´󹫾ס֮ء
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һѪ󹫾ֻҪkԸֳԼѪҺ֮еȫɵһѪ塣һѪŮȻǸ´󹫾谮һŮˣȴҲҵһѪ󹫾
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Ѫ󹫾֮䶼ƽȵĴڣkֻͬһѪϵ棬ѪҲ޷kǡΪˣ´󹫲ûѪ󹫾
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ǱһռǧƽѪҺľ޴ѪأǾ޴Ѫ룬һѪɫӡĳһ˿˿ֲޱȵѪܴѪɫĳ֮һǶһб΢΢һжϡ
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ѪѪܡʹĺڰ֮ʿȫͬһЩͨԵر֮⣬Ѫ޷ʹʿر
Ѫǿ߲ʹرʿ⣬kǶۣѪҲûоķѪλѪѪ֮ӵеѪרʿ٣ѪܹʹõرҲ١
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ѪѪѪʿȫͬһҪоѪרرҪʦݡ
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رȻԶԶ˸´󹫵ǵkӲ֮λץһʦʦָ֮£ķϺʱƶɵһر̥
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һر汾ûһ˿ãѪ廯һѪ󹫾kȫԷӳرĿֲܡ
رǵ5765رһѪѪʿƹѪרر¥3476ѪرƵ۲롭
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һ̤Ǿ޴񵰴㷢Լһһ磬ȥһ߼ʡ
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ĵĿƼ֮һǳתֻҪӵ㹻ܹϡٵĲתƸǿޱȵս
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һΥ棬ر˾ݣôʿ֮·ͻϾر˾֮еһҲᱻֱնϡ
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һâҫǷ֮һ·ӳʮʿϵǿߡ
һǿʿһۣɫ䣬΢΢۴ˣȻɱˣ
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ҫȫûлɵϣΪһر˾ľֳûǸһٶ»ʿϵǿߡϾļҪôһٶ»ʿджҲҪϱ̫ϳϣ̫ϳϽоϡ
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ڹʱڻʱ֮ǰ̫ʱ̫һȺ֮еһʿʵۼǿ̫֮ʣkִ̫֮µĺᣬÿһ֮󣬶ʿǿߣ̫ͬһɢ޾Ĺȡ
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΢ЦŹάã飬ɾܹȡ溣ܣ飬ССĳɾͣȫӣʵǲ̫Զˣ
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Ľüͷ΢΢һ壬вԸȴ޷ܾٻֻųƺһеķȥ
ĽȻݵżǣҲֻһʿҲܹܾ»ʿ롣溣ܵ룬һʿܾʸûС
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ϹǴ֮һųƴǿߴʿҲϣʿľšһǿ߰УǴħǿߵǸȦ֮ҲССĺ䶯
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ʥׯ԰λڴƾǹһƬɶʦÿռƶɵһׯ԰
ǹʥׯ԰ⲿռĶأȴж죬һռƽĺׯ԰ɽˮ㣬ˮ̣ƶ䣬ʤա
Ǻׯ԰Ļ԰֮УһſޱȵԲӣ֮ϰηȸѵһζζȳħܣͨķ˳һڣǿ壬٣ıԼʡ
桢Ľᡢƺϣϯ֮һƷЩζһ߿ݵĴɼݡ
Ĵɼĸ裬һ治ݵĴɼǵĸǳɫ֮Уûôɫ輧
ƺ΢΢һЦȻϲǾͰɼȫȥˣ
һԵĽˢһ±ò԰ޱȣҧ֮һĨ־֮ɫ
ʵŶĿǿɲū
ɷɭޱȣֻūЩļ檲ſɵת͡ɼǴżǣݣ»ʿҲǿǡ
ƺ΢Цɼħһ壬֤ȷ䣬ѾṫݣΪūѾ£ϲǾ͸ˡ
Ľ὿΢΢һͨޱȣ·˱һ㣬ɫһ±ò԰ޱȡеĸоȨжôǿͿֲԷһ仰ȫһȨΪūжôĺ죬ڶԷжֵһᡣ
Ǵ֮ڣֻ»ʿϵħǿڳ֮͢вӵеλᱻΪūĽʿ
΢ЦãǵĸܳɫҺϲͲˡ
֮䣬ƺ;˺ݳɼˣȨƵ
л̸ң
ƺӻ֣ΧԱѸٵȥ
Ҳӻ֣չӣĽȥֻ߽ʣϣһ溣ܼĳʹ
ƺһ溣ܣһһӵǿޱȵͨطɲҶһ˸Ϲһ𡣾˽̸Уϣڣܹе
ƺһһ΢΢һЦǴ͸ɽһݴһλꡣɽֻҪѹǸλ棬Ȼÿ꽫ǸλԴҴǸλǲɽˡ
ԲΪ֮ݣλ棡
λǿԵΰҲʿǿλ档սħҲֻĵλ棬һλ꣬ǿᡣ
ʿĿǰѾ̽λ֮У֮λǳһȵλ棬ʮλǳȵλ棬֮£ǴμλԼλ档
μλ٣϶ЩӵʿռšǴμλԶ޷һʿʵۼǿߣȴӵеʥʿĿܡ
λǴ˵ҲǼΪҪĵ̣ϾǿǿԵʿǿߵλ档
͢ҲɽЩʲô
ƺ΢Ц͢ϣɽܹɳһ溣ǰΪ͢Ч
ʮһһջʮռʮݣ˾޴Դʮʧ˧ɱʮһʿҲ˼ǴЩȡ
ǿƣЩǿҲֱͬػƺŻݣǰӭ棬£ɽ
治ɫƽޱȵһ溣޷һλᲢۡ
ֻҪӵӴޱȵԴһλ֮У׾Ϳһʵǿ顣ЩλҲ֮еɢޡ
һλ棬ǿһǧλ档ȫǸλΪЧ
ƺ赭дǸλ汾ڳ͢ǰħˣǸλ֮УҴͷһʮ֮սֻҪɽ˫лܹ׽Ǹλħ𡣡
۾΢΢һ䣬в²ϼһ˵ʵǸλضѾ᧿Σ˵ѾȫݡŻҵͷϡλ濪˾ʵǿ󣬶޷ħѹħʮǿᡣ뽫ƭȥڻңͬʱҺħ
΢΢һЦ¹شұɽɽоϡ׼ȫҲɽɽĿ
Сһ治һ򵥵ļһ
ƺԣĿһۣ¶һ˿ЦãǴİ˴ҲΪЧ


685 
ļ죬濪ʼԼƾڵĹϵʼռųƺλ鱨
ƾ˲ӣ󲿷ֵʵǿλߣӴ鱨
һݣر˾ֳԷȴǴر˾֮һЩ鱨
ǸλΪλ棬ħΧ֮£Ѿ᧿Σλ֮дͷ񣬶Ƶ֮ڣ֮ڵ֮ſ֧š
λ濪˾ǲλħȴλħеţͳ˧ǴĴʮ˻Ҳλħɱ
ڴʮ֮еǿ߽˴ϴѹħĸֲ㡣ǵħ֮Щ걬˶ೡս溣֮ս
ħλԼս֮ϡ
Ҵδ½֮λ֮·ߣòٴɳ˴Ԫ˧֮еӥ˧˧ǰѹ
Ȼڲȥƽ˾ʢȴ෽涼żҵս
Щǿʮƽʮ֮һʱָôʵٴαЩǿǳŴʱڣһ𷢶ӸŴ
ǿʿǿڴ˵ʲôԴĵֻ̣ҪԴǿʿܹܿһƬ»ʿħǿÿһڴ˵һ˿˺Ͼһ»ʿҪԴ㣬ҲҪܹһ
ܵУ˴ҳŲ·һɽۻǿ߶ʧӰ١ƺŻݣ𽵹ǰӭ档
鵱ֽʮһһγǿ֮һջʮݡǸʱָôĴñȹȥǿ
ֻûиָʱ䣬Ŵʱ򷢶ǰ˴£
һĨϧ֮ɫ̲ʱϧĿǰʵǿҪȣ
µʼļսˣҿʼǿѾսˡʱ仹̣ļս˻ûγɹģĿǰʵҪ̲ܡ
´˶Դ͸֮󣬱㿪ʼ׼̫г̡
֮ƾҫͷ۳ڣͣһҳǧףĵľͷۡ
滺̤Ǿͷۣ㿴ʮǾͷ֮γһСȦӣÿһ˶Լɢһ˿˿ʿĲȻʿǿߡ
Ȼˣ
Ǿͷ֮ϣϹһ۾΢΢һ΢Ц˹
Ҳ΢ЦϹʵȥǿˡ
ҲЦĴһĨ٣Ƚ̫񹬣Ҫչһҡ
ʵ»ǣȻɣ֮⣬»Ƕʿ𣿡
ȻһЦûΪ̫񹬣»˶ѾͻƣΪʿϾ̫ÿŻῪһΡһΣһξҪ֮󣬲ܹȥˡ
Զһָ˾ͷֱǡǰ»еĹ
Ǿ޴ķ֮ϣɢʿͬǿϢÿһˡ
ʮʿǡǰ»֮йＶʿţʮʿ϶۳磬û۳ʿͬǿֶΣսԶͬǿߡ
Ϲһһɫʿۣòͨ˫ȴͬǳһ㣬ɢǿڸеһָһĨ֮ɫǰ»֮УȻҲǿǽʿʱ̫̣ʵΨǰѶǹ֮еĹҶҲûбʤİգ
ҲӹһĨ֮ɫŶˣôǹ֮еĹ
ÿһǹＶţÿһʿ֮Ѿʮ꣬ϰꡣÿһӵпʿĿֲʵѶʿʮ꣬Ѿӵ޼Ŀֲʵ츳֮ǿ֪
Ϲһһָε֮УԡǽҲûκΰսʤǿߡ
һɫʿۣüĿΪӢɫɢһɰӡ
һŹӡĸߴȴͣϴʮһĮɢһɹϢӡ
ԵվһڷŮ޳ɢһɳʣݵɼҪˡ
ǡǰ»һʮְ໥֮γһСȦӣɢһɾܾ˼
һһҾۣЩʿǾѾ֡ǡǰ»ǳϹ𡢰֮⣬˶ûǰӴ
һɫʿۣɢһ֮ӻߵ˸̨֮ϡ
һ̨֮ϣɢһ˿˿溣ܼϢ
Ǿ֮ϣ˶һ°Ŀⱻ
ҲܵĸоһɿֲޱȵΣմϴĿ̲סĶ溣ܡ
Ŀ·ʮʿɨһۣһЦǰףǰ̫񹬵ػߣҽǰ̫񹬵ͨҪһ䣬̫Σأλǿ߽ȥ̫סÿһν̫񹬣ܹŻˣʮһĻ뿪ü
̫֮ΣأλǿΪͬĿĽ̫񹬡ΪˣŻֻʮʿ̫񹬡һǴ˽̫ʿһҲʿԸðΣս̫񹬡
ʵϲ̫̫ףĿǰʿطȻʿ溣ܡ
֮ڣû̫׶Ϊ溣ܵǿռ溣ǿ֮еľųϡ
Щѡ̫̫׵ʿǶԼʮţΪ˻ýʿʵһ˿Եľš
ҪΪʿʵۼΪѣ뼸ÿһ綼ȱʵС
һЦȻûѡ뿪ôͳ
һӡһǾ޴ķ֮âҫǾ޴ķ΢΢һΣһ»һ貵Ĺâ֮зȥ
Ǿ޴ķٶԽԽ죬ȻһģֱӷһŤģĹ֮ڡ
濴ŤģĹǴ˵֮еǽǽᴩλѰһĹܹããǺ֮ɴ󡣡


686 ̫
ŤģĹ֮зһһҹ֮һ޴ĶѨǹľͷ֡һҾ۴ǶѨ֮зɳһž޴ޱȵǳ˵ǰ
һҾ۹âһһǾ޴ǳȥ
Ǿ޴ǳΧſǿޱȵĽ磬·һ̥Ĥһ㽫ǳ֡
һҾһײǿޱȵĽ֮ϣӡҫᴩǿޱȵĽ磬ֱӽǾ޴ǳһͣ۳ϡ
ͣ۳Զ֮һȸߴǧףӡĳɫţǳɫΧ޽žŲߵʿǾʿſǿޱȵĽ磬ػǳ
׽ʿһɫ֮ǰǶ˽̫񹬵ڣȥɣסˣǿʮ죬ʮ֮еͻὫǴԲܹƻǾֻܹ̫棬ȴһε̫񹬿
ʮԴһȡһƴС̫žŸ̫ӡ̫âҫǣǻһֱûһȳɫĴ֮ڡ
һȳɫĴһһ˿˿һɺޱߣܹͬһеĿֲϢǴ֮һ˿˿ǿޱȵĿռ䷨ƣЩʿȫɡ
һתѣθоһţָѵʱ򣬱㷢ѾһƬĿռ֮С
Ŀռ֮УŻԪأռ¶ȶǧϣҽȼŻ棬һΧ
ɨ̫һۣüͷ΢΢һ壺̫񹬣ܹסĵطҲֹֻ̫ܹطס
¶ǧȣ¶Ⱦǿʿǿ߲رҲܹʱ
ʿ˾ͨ淨ʿ֮⣬ʿĻ֮УҲϾĻ֮Уkǻʱ޿̲ġ
һâҫЩʿǶ׷ʩչط̫ȥ
Ϲ΢΢һЦҲʩչطһԶȥҾһˣ
ҲȻһЦһԶȥ٣Ҳˣ
̫񹬵ʿÿһ֮еţԼʮš̫֮ڣӵ̫֮⣬ӵֻ̫񹬲Żᵮŵر
˵̫񹬵̫֮Ĺر
ʱЩ֮УҲӵвǿرЩرǹر֮Ȼӵֳ汦ЩʹõĹرΪϵ⣬ԶԶͨʿر֮ϡرϣܵ˵׷
ִǹʱرѾʮϡ٣ЩرһͻᱻᣬȻʿӹʿ֮УٵۼرҪϾԹʱĹر
Ϊִ˵Żʿ̫֮ѰҸֱЩʿһţԼޱȣȻԸ˷ҵıŶж
滷ΧһȦ΢΢һΣһ·ɳһһɽ֮ڣһǿĽ֮󣬱㽫һȶԾȡá
һŤĹâҫһȶԾһһȻ򿪡
һܼĴսԾŵһ˹
΢΢һ¶һ˿˷ܵЦ⣺ɹˣҵݹȻû̫ƽʱرţڹرյʱ̫񹬶ȫյĴڣԾҲ޷򿪡ڼȻ̫񹬴ˣζſͨԾŽҵĻеȫ˹
ֻҪЩеű͹ôĸλʿҪֱӸɵ
Ȼʵͬʿ֮УҲһĴڡСĽܹ֤ʤҲԲս˵
̫񹬵ʿԲͬλţ˭Ҳ֪ӵʲôĵƺ͹ޱȵķ΢Щ⣬ͻ䡣
Ž֮µʱҲ˿ǳ֮Цǳ֮µľŽ֮ȴ⵽ѹǴߵ³
˴Ծ֮߳һѸٵıΣֱγΪ˷糧ܹԵȸе
һСɽȺܿͱװһͻء
濹Լߵ΢Ǵͻ֮зɳ̫˷ȥ
Ǵͻ֮УļܹԲϵҫŽģ΢ɹĵطеһͨͨȫϢͶӰԭǰ
̫֮ڣÿǧܹһ̫ͬһĹЩ̫ΧԪγɵ̫ס
ǹʱ̫ǿǳ֮󣬶̫񹬣Ѱ̫׽գøǿ
̫ױ¶ȸߴǧȣڲ¶ȸǸߴһǧȡʿҲҪʹطܹ̫ɣΪáв̫һʿǿ߶ܹճɻҡ
Щ̫׶ãȻ̫񹬣Ҫǿ̫ף
濴һ̫ףüͷ΢΢һûѡЩ̫ףɳ˸˷ȥ
ʱֱ΢΢һһͷƴС˳źš
ݵԴ֮£ѾΪ˳壬ӵʿΪ
΢΢һЦҪЩ̫׼ðɣȥɣɽɣ
һ´֮⣬ݵһֱӷߡ
ǻ֮һâҫһ³ȫϢͶӰ
ֻͷܿһС̫֮ǰ΢΢һΣһ±һͷףֻᣬޱȵĿֲ򼡣kſһһɫĹâһС̫
һС̫Ӳıһ˿УһС̫֮ͷһµһ̫ͬһӡ
θȻܺã΢΢һΣһС̫ȥ
濴򼲻һſС̫и̾Щ츳ܱǿ̫ˣ
ֻܹվſ̫ûԼڵľŸ֮С޷ϵС̫һС̫粻ҪİٱǧԴп´û
ûã̫֮ڣͳʮ¶ȸߴһȵ΢Ųͬĵطȥ̫񹬵ĵι˳
ҵˣ
涢ȫϢͶӰԼļܹԷоٳϢ鱨Ȼ۾һ΢΢һΣһԶȥ
һᣬһž޴ޱͬһʵ̫һ㣬ɢ޾ȵ̫һ³ǰ


687 ɱ
̫ʺҵѿطСӣҹ򣬾ȥ
һŷ٣һɫɼʳףһģһ±ʮֹĳһž޴̫֮ǰӸ£棬г˽
ɨһۣ̫ȷʵܲҲˣ㣬ҹ򣬾ȥ
ڤ粻ļһħ棡ʲôˣ
ɽ
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¶һޱȵЦݣӡۣγһɭɭӡһģһĿܡ
һһģһĿֱըѿ
һڤڤ֮еĹһ˷˼ķϯ·Ҫ˲ɡ
㷨
˫֮һӿӡһ˵Ϣ֮ǹֱŤתƵϡ
žһ֮һĨ֮ɫһǰ˲ըѿѪͬӵһֱȥ
ȡһ߼رȨȡһ㣬ޱȵɫȻ֣ΧĻ֮γһƬɫĻ𺣽Ѫͨͨɡա
һƬһ˵Ŀմһۣ䵭ɣ㻹ûСϷûã
һƬմ΢΢һŤ֮˳һĨ֮ɫʲôҵطӦһʧŶԡ
ɣ
һĮȻǰ̤һһģǰһһ߼ر֮Ȼ֣һն£γһССĺڶ·ܹһа㣬ݺնȥ
Сأʶһ̫䣡
˫֮âһһŭХһ˿˿ޱߵ֮֮зӿӡ֮ҫһ±Ϊһž޴ޱȵֱ̫̫ѹ
һž޴̫ݺݵײܹ׵Ĵݻһǳ̫հ塣
ϸо˾޴вһ֣ǿط
Ȥɰ壡
ӹһĨâ΢΢һЦתɰ壬һ䣬·ܹһйâɺȻ֡
Ƿ·ܹһеɺ·һӲһ־޴ޱȵֱ̫ȥ
ľ޴̫˲䱬·ըһ㣬¶һ˾Űȣʿǿֲ¶֣Ҳᱻˣش
ɺȴͬ޴ĺڶһŹȣ滯ľ޴̫еɺȫɡ
޾ɺ֮תûڣעǾŸ֮ڣھŸ
ҵҵˣ뿪һ·֪ˣԺԹԶԶģ뿪һ·ɣˣ
ɺ֮Уһ´Ǿ־׵ļкͰ֮ڵѾɺ˴룬˺ʿĸֲǣҪ߶첻
ֻЦſһУʮ֮ɺȫɣֻһЩǻҴӰ֮䡣
ɰǼһ֮ԼϵĴﱦﶼȫˣеϧ
ɨǾ޴̫һۣĬģһָɫӡָ֮зɳγһźɫľǾ޴̫һ
Ǿ޴̫ǺɫľһϵСձȭͷС״ֱ̬ӷڣûһ֮ڡ
һ޴̫һûĵһ֮ڣ޾أǴ֮Уеĳֲ⣬Խĳ
һ̫ĳ֣ڵĵһ·ĳַԲһ㣬һ¡¡ĵ֮Уһǧء
һ̫̫֮֮ڴСʮ֮£̫񹬷·𱻿˵ͼһ㣬֪ĸطӵʺ̫ס
ֻȥ죬ͻɱλʿ˾ſ̫ھŸ綼ӵ̫γԲ״̬
ڵı仯ӹһ˿֮ɫĿǰ״̬ص֮λͿͻƣʿˣ̫񹬹Ȼ鴫ϧʱ񹬲ƿ֮У»ʿ񹬵Ǿ͸ˣ
ǹʱ֮УưԲ֮λʿʵۼǿߵ֮ƿص񹬡֮ǴӲ֮λмʿʵۼŮǿ֮һѹš
֮ͬһʱĹ񣬻ʿʵۼǿߡkǶ֮ʵĻܣշ֮Ϊ
֮ƿص֮һʱ֮ǿʿ֮󣬱׷ɱǱ񹬣񹬵»֮ͻƣΪ»ʿǿߡʿǿʿ֮󣬲űΪ»ʿ
ڵʿʳħʳ֮󣬾Ѿ֪١ȻʱʿѾطʧҲӰʿļ
Щ׷־̤ʿʵʿ˵񹬵ʧȷʵһź
񹬵»̫֮񹬵̫ܹ֮ڵȫںϣܹγޱȵѭ
ȻʿѾҵƷ񹬵»֮ѷһ֡
潫һſ̫ԼڵʱļӡҲʩչӡ֮⣬֮һſֱ̫ӷӡȻϻ˻أͻذ¿λ档
̫һſ̫ݻС̫ÿһǾ޴ޱȵԴ˵һõֿ⡣
ÿһ̫ݻС̫̺֮ŵ׵ĿתΪΧ֮ڣз糧ʮ֮ڷõԴ
ɨȫϢͶӰһۣ̲ס̾ﻹˮСһѾʮ̫ˣ˲𣡡
̫֮ڻҪԾkļܹԵָ֮£ӲĽһһŵ̫ɡÿһ̫ڵkļ׿֮϶һ̫ģӡɢԽԽֲϢ̫ĽѹƣֻµkͽΪʿ򼡣
ʱ̫񹬵࣬һޱȵĹȻڶǹģһȻӡžŶ仨꣬ƬҶ滨仺š
̫񹬶΢΢һһſ̺̫׵С̫һǹĵ滨ȥû滨֮ڣΪǻ֡


688 ̫ۻ
̫ۻ̫̫ۻʳϣ˴˽ޣһʰ˼ϵȵʿʴﵽżµȣ
濴ǹһ滨䣬˫֮ſ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһ̫ۻķȥ
ܹͻ˽޵ڲ֮λ涼ʮϡ١ܹͻ˽޵ǲ֮λǷëǡ
һ̫ۻǿıҪϵʱŻĻ֮۳һ䣬һ˵ᡣ
̫ۻ
̫ۻͻ˽޵ľ䣡
ˣһΣȻܹ̫ۻľ䣡

̫֮ڣһԲͬλǶȻ̫ۻһ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ΢΢һΣһ̫ۻķӶȥ
̫ۻλλ̫񹬵࣬Ҳ̫֮յ޹ǸطͬҲ̫Ϊյĵط
ڹȥ֮Уû˻׵ĽӽΣ֮أ̫ۻ֮£ЩλǰǷ׷׻һ̫񹬵ȥ
һɫʿۣһ棬ؿһɢ貹âʿѸٵķɵ̫ıԵ֮ء
̫ıԵ֮ؿĿ̫λã鲼һƾ޴ѨĴͶߡ
ǴͶΧһĿʯЩʯ֮ӡȫǶħħߵȾ顢Լִʱһֱǿڡ
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Ŀ֮гĮȻϿһۣͬԷ˵һ㣬
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վɺ֮еһЦȤħͼһǿرͼһ֮áħͼʿΪֶܹ֧룿
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ħһʵ溣ܣȻ̫֮ڱȷӡ˴󲿷ֵȴȻطӵرսǿޱȡĹＶţҲδħߵĶ֡kȻУֱ˼顣
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Щʿһʵǿޱȣ綼ǿԿĿֲڡ滯ɺһЩǱһɺɣ֮䣬ͱһöö֮ˡ
ЩʿǱʵԶԶ棬ʮļսԼս˵Χ֮£ǿ֧šڱ漸͵ϮһĽһɺֱɡ

Щдʿɫ䣬ʮʿһʩչطһ˷ȥ
ݣ
һܼܲߢսһ·ٶȣ׷ǶʮʿһҿնЩֻʿĻ巨˳ƽն顣
ټ߲ͬһ㣬ЩʿƬȥЩʿƬɱ
һӰҫ漸ͬʱǶʮʿߣһץɺȻ֣㷨ָһץǶʮʿıطһһȥսǶʮʿһһɱ
ǶʮʿһһУһж޾Ŀ־û
ǹҫʿ˹ҵĸǹҫ̫ϳϣһ溣ܣ㲻ܹɱң
Բ֮߼̫ϳϵ״ӣ̫ϳҲһ溣ܣҪɱҡ̫ϳϲŹģ

һ־׵ļдЩʿǿдЩǶղм˵ıһһ˳
ЩʿÿһǾţڵkǵҲվһʿмʮʿվ溣ܡ
ɣͳͳ͸
滯ɺͬոȫûһ˿˼ɣĺɱЩԲͬǿţǵһͨͨɡ
ʹɷɸЩﱾɸǼͻᵼЩӵĳ
ӵоŸС磬ɻõȫڵľŸС֮ڣǿǾŸСλ汾Դ֮
һЩʿʮֹѲҲڵ㶯¯ȡ۳Ϊһᾧ
Щ֮У۳ǿߡÿһǿߣھŸСͱȹһ֡
Ϲ潫һͬСһг𺧣ǿµļһЩһﶼԲͬľţȻԥͶɱǡǿ£
Щÿһʿ溣ܳЩʵǿǵһǿҲԲֻɱǡȴǺԥ޼ɵĻɱЩţЩͨͨɱֱɥĲ񣬺š
ɼһĻһɺҲڶֻͨ䣺£̫ˣȺ֮УֻҲԥɱңһ˿˼ɣ
ǳ׼֮еľšڰ׼ҵ֮ϣȥʲôطˮܵ˵׷ʿ溣Ҳʮº͡գͬԴԼֶһµľɱһеĿֲǿߡ
һʿҽеҽˣԸ⵱ūҪɱңҽˣ
ſ꣬ӡ
ʿǰһ㣬һöӡȻɳǿޱȵ⣬ӡ֮УһһǿޱȵӡÿһӡʹӡһǿڵĲꡣ
ʿһҧֱӷſԼꡣ
һָһޱȵӡӡ֮зɳûʿ֮ڡ
Ҳˣ
Ͷһ

ЩдʿǼһĻһҧһѡͶһȴڿ
ЩͶʿ֮£Ѹٵʿ˽
Щͽ
Щûߣ
ǣŮĴΪ潣еĴΪū

ЩޱȣԸ⽫Լ꿪ŵʿͬЩʿֺɱ
Сʱ֮Χ潫žֻʣʮѡ񳼷ʿţʿȫɱһҲûдѡ
̫֮УЩʿǶľսĿЩǱһɱûһҳһս
ȫ֮΢΢һΣʮʿԼյĻеǶԾŵķȥ
̫ۻıһȥʥʿǿ߶Ϊ֮ġ
һʥʿǿߣȫʵѹеĵֿһص֮λ棬ͽ̫ۻͻ˽ޡ
ֻҪ̫ۻͻ˽ޣ̫ۻҩĵøɸɾЩʥʿȻҲΪ
սһͬһƬصɽ֮ڣֱӴʮʿһȶԾŴ̫ʧ
ˣǸɱ뿪ˣ
һߣ̫ڰȫһˣ

Щʿǿʮʿصɽ֮ڣʱ΢΢һǶǶʿȻµĴ㡣ǣõ̫ۻҲڵһʱõб׷ɱ
̫񹬿ԽȻҲԳȥͨʿû̫֮гȥЩʿǶΪ̫֮ȥǿʲôѶȡ
֮λ֮һݡ
ħɽĴڣǴܽκ溣ܶҽСȻԴḻȴʺΪһǿŵĸ֮
ɽʾ֮󣬾Ǵ֮һݻһ޴ķء
һȻսħ֧һݵԶԶ磬һصҲԶԶ֮϶˹ʮӵзḻޱȵԴ
֮ڵԴԶԶȲ֮ӵеԴݷԴҲûеı˫γ˻ҲҪĻ֮һ
ʿͻ˽ޣҪɴħԼطͻ˽޵ĵطǲ֮λʮλ档
ǲ֮λ֮УԴ֮ͻЧá֮ڣʮݻá
ݣħɽĴڣͻƣ¾ħɽ֮еĿֲڡ
ʵҲԼµʼ֮ǨƵݷ֮ڡ
ۺֿ֮ѡ̫ۻҽҲǾۺϿ֮ʺͻƵĵص㡣


697 ͻ˽
еİŶѾˣڿˣ
ݣһ֮ڣһϵħɣӡͬʱһ޴ħֿĴ֮ϣһװ̫ۻȡ
һУһޱȵ֮зޱȵĴ͸ңûγһۿľ޴
ʲô
о
о

֮Уһŵǿһ¾ͱ̫ۻֲϢһۿľ޴
һݵǿߴԼ֮Ȼɳһâ̫ۻڵķȥ
治ǵۼͨ˾õıҲûȥã
ſһֱӽ̫ۻ˿С
̫ۻһûڣһɹڷաһС
û»ʿΪĴֻҪһ̫ۻͻᱻǿֲճɻҡ۷ʿһת粻壬ÿһϸ΢΢ɢſֲ
һӡӰ汳󻺻֣һ֮˵硣
Ǹ֮Уһ¸ֳһһģһӰ
һޱȵĹâӰ֮ҫһӰϵѹγһ·ܹһеԭ㡣
һֵӰһںϣڡ
һޱȵĹڶֱ
Բʮ֮ڣеħܶǹĹȡһգһڵλù
֮Уռ䷨򡢻淨ַľ󻯲ϵĳ֣۽ֲĹ֮С
˽ޣͻ˽ޣ
ղŵľǸˣͻ˽ޣ
Ȼͻ˽ޣ˵˭

ΧΧŵʿǿ֮һ֮һ󻯷ĹжһĨ֮ɫ
˽֮λ֮УҲֻа˴ʿʵԼkǿĶͻƽ硣
Щͻ˽޵ľûڳɳ֮䣬εһΪʿһܹʥʿĿֲʿ
֮λ֮УĿǰǿߣ溣ܡһһʿʿճ֮λľƶпֱܱӸı䡣
һϣɱˣץƳħҩҲܹʵ߾磡
һһЩΧʿǵĶ߻صջ
ûֻҪܹħҩʾܹ߼ϵȣҲܹΪʿ
ֻҪܹħҩҾܹ»ʿ

ǹջ׾ٵľͷŴΧʿ
һϣôˣǾԲҶǳ֣ɱˣħҩȫܹͻƾ磡
һ֮Уһ»ʿһݲɽڵȥ
ʮʿҲһΣŲɽڵȥ
һĻЩϢʿҲ˫۳죬תطһŲɽķȥ
棡棡ǰҲɽ˽أɱ⣡ɱ⣡
һͼڻλ˳ǲɽ߽֮ǻеϳɵе
һȺ飡
һ»ʿһĨâת֮Ĭģһָ
񱩵ķȻַ֣Բʮ
䣡䣡䣡
Ǳը֮ڶԲʮ֮ڣеĵͼλͳͳǷնƬ
ͼλûз֣ʹõĲҲǴͨȻ޷ֵһ»ʿķΧ
Чߵģʽߣ
һݲɽ֮ڻص
ǲɽķ֮ڣءɽ͡СԭȸֵطѸٵĴ򿪣ս˴ЩطɳһƬЩֵʿǷȥ
һɲ֮䣬޾Ĺʹǲɽķ֮мЩʿǷɨȥ
Ĺɨ֮£һ棬Щ»ʿĵͼʿƬѪء
ЩʿǵѪȾ֮£Ǵֲ֮ͨﶼ׷׿ҲвֲЩʿѪһԾΪ˹ޱȵĳֲ
Ƿʿϡ
һ»ʿһֵĽһͱһԴֱϰһʬ֮׹䡣
ֻ̫ЩＶʿŲŻӵвıطͨ»ʿԴͻ
һ֮УƬսһ³Щʿ֮зɱ䣬һ»ʿֱΧɱ
Щ»ʿôధЩս˶ûзŹǣǽͳͳɱһ
ײУ
ǲɽ𣿺ײеļһ
ÿµļһ

ЩԭȥˮʿǼһĻ˹׷ֹͣ˽Ųȥ
ǲɽҪɱƬʿЩݵ»ʿʿҲһóȻ洳
Ȼǿʿ˷֮з
ǿͻ˽޵ıＫΪϡ٣֮λ֮УһҲֻһǧпܳһΡΨʿʵۼǿߵЩ֮λŻֶֿͻ˽޵䡣
ÿһʿʵۼǿߵҪĺԴޱȵ䡣Ҳûˡ
Ѫλ֮֮һʿʵۼǿߣΪѪλ֮ĳʼѪʯһɣõkͻƼޣΪ˿ʿʵۼĿֲڡ
ǳʼѪʯǵһ֮ѪλҲûͬıﵮ˴Ϊﵽʲô̶ȣܽΪʿʵۼĴڡʲô䣬Ҳ޷ð˴ͻƽΪʿʵۼĴڣǵkܹɱһ棬ȫɵһѪ
ǿͻ˽޵䣬ͬһʿߡЩʿһǿʿĻеŲɱһһĨɵ֮ɫ׹ȥ
ʱһʿ۷ĿֲϢһһͷߴףͷǣʨצĳӴǲɽıԵ̫֮ϳΤͣɽ
һʿ۷Ϣǲɽ֮ڶչҲҼڱչΤϣʲô£̸
ɽôļӣһʿȻ̫֮ϳϱܶǲ֪ô
һ溣ܼĿֲϢһͷͷӡͷϴһŸǿͷǣݿ£˫ȴɢâ̤նһЦ


698 
棡Ҳˣ
֮ĵĳߣ棡û뵽ţ

ڳʿǹͷӣ׷׵һ
ǿ֮ʿŵľǿߡҲһ溣ڵĴܣʵǿޱȡ
֮ӵʵʮҲֻѷһ֮ĵĵ̱ʮɻ֮࣬ҲԴڽʮɵһ
ޱߣӵǿߣв溣ܼĿֲڣҲһǿʿš
ʮڹȥǴ׼ᶨѣ׼ҹͬͳ¡ʷ֮УʮΪ˴Ĵսѹλ棬Ҳǿߡ
սħھΪ˴ս˺ü溣ܣ֮ڣֻʣĴʿų档
Ǵ֮ڣʮš˴֮⣬ͬӵʿţЩʿ֮УҲʱʱðһţսΪ溣ܼĿֲڡ
κһʿһӵһ溣أͻһԾΪ֮ڵһ
֮ӵһ溣أͬʱһ۷̫ϳϣ֮УѾݵ֮һ
һɿֲޱȵ溣Ϣ֮չϯȥ
չζʱɫ䣬һε亹˳鲻Խ˺˼ƾ賬֪ףǰȫн׻ɱĿֲʵ
֮ʲôҹǾȥ
һɫĹâҫϣĴŶʹֳֶ֮ʹ֮ͬһ𲻰ܵһ㣬Ƭ֮ĮϣĶ棬һ溣ĿֲϢӵk֮
溣ĳʹ
ǲɽȻ溣ĳʹҲܹ
ǲɽĵôȻֲ

ЩΧ۵ʿһϣǶʱһ۷׷ס
ʹǿǿսʹתɵǿڡǳʹĶʹܹͬ鿹⣬նɱͬĿֲս
ͨ溣ܶһ溣ܼĳʹֻаһ;
汻ϣһǳ⣬ʱƤһ࣬˫һ䣬֮¶ɱ⡣ӵk溣֮󣬻û˸k˵
ôĿһʹһս߰ˣʲôʸʿƽȽ˵
һһһͷ׵ʯԶ۶ʯͷ­֮վһһɫʿۣòӢһаϸȥȴ·޾ֵʿ
Ǻħߵ̫ϳ棡
棬kݵ֮һû뵽kҲˣ
ǵȻǿǿͻ˽޵ľ֮λƽһǧ궼δܹһֵľ汦ܹõ֣ͻƳΪʿҲǲܣ

ЩΧ۵ʿһʿʱɫһС۵
ϣɨһۣɱ棬㾹ȻҲɽѵ±Ҳɽ𣿡
ɽǺô磡ɲݣݣſڱտھҪһ壬ǲɽδҲ̫Ե˰ɣ
һ紵֮һ޴ĽɫӰ·ڱΣһƮƮòӢ˼㣬ľӰȻվһͷƽϣĸϣǡ
֮ĵĿ
֮һĿҲˣ
ٺ٣һʹҪֵ溣ܣֱ
ɽһοڽˣ
ǰ涥ţҲܹڲɽЩˣ
ɽݻôŰԵͿǲ˳ˣһΣǣ

ЩݵʿǿĶϣǺչǿߣж¶һ˿̰֮ɫ
ɽǲ֮λʿ֮һѾ˹ϵʵʿƽЩɢʿǡ
ѾֻҪ֣лṥƲɽЩɢҲԳŻҵĻӲɽŪһЩô
ͻ˽޵ˣ򣬹Ʋɽ֮󣬼Ȯ
һԵޱȡϢ֮УһһͷѪɫףӡħһɢſֲϢӣֳһɫĳǹ̤նУƬ
ѪǹڵѪǹ棬֮һkҲˣ
һĸֻʣɫǾޱûˣһ²ɽ군ˣ

ЩΧ۵ʿǸ˷Ųɽķȥг̰֮ɫ
ְɣ˲ɽõıƽ֣
һ࣬ȴ޾ɱһųüһɫˮѩǰ͹̣һɫɴվɢһľ̤һɫĳƬ֮С
ɫǾޱ
ȫˣ
һ£ɽˣ
һ֣ʮɶҪ𣡲ɽˣ

ЩΧ۵ʿһ˷ܣͬһͷͷһ̰Ųɽȥǿ溣֣ɽֵܵ
溣ĳʹ溣ܼǿΧҲֻ·һ
˲ɽЩӦ߼ƽֲŶԣ
һëȻĹЦ֮УһϹһֻ۾·Ƥһ㣬ڣ·ʬ֮һӴ֮
ûӦ߼ƽ֣ǲָǣǾͰﲻɽ
һòޱȣѩѩòʤ˰һаľ΢ЦҲ֮߳
ħаӣ溣ܣȻҲˣ
kǾȻǱţ

ЩʿһһӺǿޱȵӣһɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
ħаӶħ֮е溣ܡħϲЩʿǿץЩʿǿߵԽ裬֮ƳáаϲץŮʿǣʹаЩʿǱɵkߺū
ħаӶǱǴħ˾׷ľħĿֲħͷȻЩʿη֡
ǿȻҲаԵϾܵԼ²ΥɥĲ񡣶ħаĴһ޹˼ɣ޼ɵħͷkǶ˵ʵȻԶԶȴͼʿη塣
Ѫǹüͷ΢΢һ嵱ϵãǾƽֳ߷ݣħаӣǲôͱֵһ˿һ


699 ħ
ĴҲüͷ΢΢һ壬ĬѪǹĻ
Ϊǿͻ˽޵ıɽѾĲɽ˺Ƥ
Ĳɽӹһ٣ضмޱȵķˡĻ˼֮Ȩ֮жϣħа溣ܡ
ǾԻڵģ
ϣĿߴ溣һۣ΢΢һΣչһͬŲɽڷȥ
һɲ֮䣬Ĺǲɽ溣Ƿȥ
Ĺ溣ܵϣkǵĻ޷ƣֻһ
սҲһƬƣ溣ܷȥ
һȺϣúѩ
ħһЦȡżرħ졿΢΢һӣɲ֮䣬ޱ޼ʵĺڰһ˷Բǧѩ֮Ʈ䣬Щսȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǷԲǧ֮ڣﱻǺѩϣ΢΢һѪⱻȫڣͬʱ죬һϣɢ޾ĴѪá
úѩħյǿΧϵǷԲǧ֮ڣǿʿһƬѩ֮ϣᱻ׵ʴеѪԼתΪһǿޱȵѪá
Щеܣһ޾ĺѩʴеᱻȡһգͬתΪĻеá
Щս˻֮ϹâһҫһȻ֣Щѩ棬ֻһ˿˿ȴ޷˺Ƿֺ
ԭһΪħ΢΢¶һ˿֮ɫⲻɽĻеܻЩŵ
ѪǹħԸЩеܡȥ棬ݻٲɽеĵֿ
ߴ溣֮УħʵkҲóȺսӵƵ溣ܡ
ħһ˾ɱһĵλʿҽĵλʿͨͨתΪѪá
һħ˾˾Գ֣ɱħ𣬵kҲôʵǧˡ
ãͽˣ
ħЦĬģһеġħ졿Ѫôǡħ졿֮зɳЩսȥ
ĺ֮£ЩѪòϵķ顣ǡħ졿֮Ѫü޾ϱɱȻٴηɳЩս˲һ
溣һΣһɰԵޱȵϢǲɽ֮طȥ
ûãֵһֻֻ۽Ҳճ֣һ·˲ɽ֮ڡ
ЩһΧŵʿҲתطŲɽֱӷȥ
ͬɽܹ溣ܵǿֻҪһԴ֪ʶܹһǿʿš
ɢ޾ͨᱻ˹ĴʿŵһЩ֪ʶԴչΪһʿš
ݵһӦͻ˽޵ϢѾȫս׼ֻǵkԾǿʵһҪ滹ûн̫ۻҩȫ֮ǰܣΪħҩ
ȥ
ǰ֮Уһŭ𣬺պһȭ̺ſֲһͷ޴ӰȻ֣ǰײȥ
Ӱһ·ѹײеս˶һ˲䱻˷ĩƮ䡣
һʹݻǧսˣ溣ܵĿֲ֮
ǰ濪溣ܶŲɽڷȥ
ߴ溣֮Уǿ󣬶ҵkĻָҲԶ溣ܣʺϿǿߡ
ͬһֱܺײ޵е̹ˣ֮еսͨͨҷ˿޷˺kֺ
ߵȼϵͳĿ꣬溣ܣ
һӺϳɵĻеǲɽĻ֮лص
ǲɽڵȻ򿪣һʮ׵ԲξȻǵǿĶ¯ȫ
һʮ׵ԲξȻһɫ˿˷ȥ
֮䣬һŸɽΧľ޴˿Ȼ֣ŲɽΧ
ǽħ󣡣
ǲɽΧ֮ڵʿʱɫ䣬Ƕֵķ֣޷ɼԦ
һЩԪʿֱӴ׹䣬˲䱻Щսն顣
ʿΧķֱӱֻڡ
ǡħ졿ͷųޱ޼ʺڰҲֱӱЩ·ɱ֮ǿޱȣӵпֲʵѪҲһ±ޱȡ
ʿʩչĴΧ󲿷ֶԲħܣ˶֮иָγһ޴˷˼Ŀֲ
ǽħһ֣ʧЩʿǾֻܹʹԼڵеķʱ½߳ϡ
ǲɽЩȻÿһǣ
ħɫһһӣħ졿һѪֱУȻڵk֮һ
һŤ֮Уħһ±仯ΪһͷߴʮףУͷϳֻǣһִѪɫͷɵĹá
ǽħ֮УΪЩսǿޱȵĴھЩʿǵսʽ
ħһΪǹޱȵľ΢΢һΣһ³ս档
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Ǿ޴ıը֮ڶȻħ޷ʹַ˼ǿȻƾֲݻ˴սˡ
ѪǹӦı仯һЦħǲɽĵ𣿲ˣǿɲԪʿķ
ǽħ֮ڣ۵Ҷǽħ֣㲻ɽʿҲ޷ʹǿķ
ǿ߶սǿߣkÿһǿޱȣڽħ֮սҲ˿塣
ڶ׶ο
һ֮УһԲεľγɵĴ֮Уһ¼ɫ
ĺɫǽ벻ɽߴ溣ϯȥ
ߣ飡
Ѫǹһֳ־żر߱Ѫǹ·һ̣ѪɫǹӰЩɫȥ
ǿֲǹӰ̻֮£ɫֱӱ
ŭûһȭһͷӰɫѹ顣
΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮףӡסϳĳħ߾塣
ħλһֲֿħߵľҲڳʹһĿֲǾ֮ϣ塣ÿһͷħߵӵʿĿֲս
滯ħ߾֮ſһһɫĹһɨɫǹֱ֮ӱ


700 򼾿
ǿ΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһͷ峤ߴһףӡĿˡ
ܹƿط֮Ŀֲkȥ磬Ƿ֮ʧȥеԪkȻӵпֲǿޱȵսɡ
һ仯Ϊֳ֮һ÷֮γɵĿ絶һն£صĵ⽫ɫնƬ
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߲ǾޱȻɳγһСɫһײǻ֮ʧ
аʵѷһkĬģһָһ˼ر׶ܡȻ˵kߣų׹⣬ػ
ɫȻǣͬһаһˡ
׹ҫЩɫһһ
ʱԶǧ֮⣬һƬʲôûеɽһޱȵĹȻһɲ֮ǡ׶ܡ֮ϣһǰ˼ر׶ܡͬаһͬȫɡ

һĲҽ֮УаӵȫǿֲĹֱʧ
һޱȵŤ֮Уаӵ溣֮һ֮䣬ԭʮ֮⣬ٴ۳
ĺɫһ´аӵ֮Уĳȡаӵ
аҽеңȾң
һɫĽһնаӵ֮ϣаӵֱնɱֲĶʹ֮һаӵ֮ϣӲĽаӵն
ϣһնɱа֮΢΢һΣһī֮ڡ
ѪǹһĨ֮ɫһ壡սǶ䣡뿪
һޱȵĹһƬ·ʲôûе֮һɲ֮Ѫǹ˲佫kȫɡ
ѪǹһųɫرâָķȻֶһ˲䱻ޱȵĹ顣
ѪǹҪʩչطȴֵķ֣Ƭնǹޱȵĺɫ֣õk޷ʩչֹޱȵ

һҽ֮УǰһѪǹ㱻һޱȵĹУȫɣ·ɽ
Ѫǹ溣֮ͬһȥոշ߲һ̺ſֲ֮׵Ķʹ֮һն˵k溣֮ϣǿֲĶʹ֮һնѪǹеꡣ
ϣһץѪǹ溣֮֮΢΢һΣʧ
ݲдĴһĻжޱȡѪǹ֮УʵǿĴڣһս޵СֲĴȴһںɱĴ⡣
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һޱȵĹһƬ֮ȻֱӺȥ
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طķĪ󾿼ķ򲻹ܽʱkѾط۷֮һ߶طͿһͷĪ󾿼ųɵ
ǿֲޱȵĪ󾿼ӰݺݵײһޱȵĹ֮ϣǾ޴Ī󾿼ӰӲĽһش溣ܵ貹顣
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ǲɽ棬ʱѾǺɫǿ˽ֻǿһ͸оշ·סһ㣬k·ճ֮֩ϵСӣֻǿһ͸оʮּѣͬʱһҲֻ߳˰Զ
һ˲䣬ɫʮֹĴһߵĿڣĳȡŵkڵõkж΢΢һͣ͡
һޱȵĹٴδ֮˲Ϣ֮ǿ˵֮ϣͷ˵һ÷顣
溣֮˸ոճ֣ͱûϣһն꣬ߡ
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һģſһ磬һɫĹǲɽȥ
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޾ڰ֮еϣȻ֣һ溣֮նȥ
ץˣɫǾޱ֣ץסֻץסkǲһ
һڵ֮УһâҫȻȼվѪ꣬ʩչط廯ʮһ²ϣǵ֮ϡ
ϣü΢΢һ壬˲両ֳ֮ףķǾʮ
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һ߰껨У벽ʿǿҲᱻӡ
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桢ɫǾޱһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
򼾿ҲʹһĿֲӵر۳磬ͨ溣ܸǵkĶ֡


701 ѹ
ǵ꣡ңͳͳħߡɫǾޱ԰ҲΪǶ𣡣
һƬ֮лصϺͲпᡣ
ʲôӳ㣡ˣ飬Ҳӳҿ棡溣ܣʿʵۣӸܳ㣡ߣҾƴԼҲĳʹ䣬õkһ֮ڣʵ½ս͵ʿ
ǲϣϵһЦĺе
ȥɣ
ϣһ¶һ޵ЦݣڵĽһնڵk֮ϵϡ
һ±նʮڣȻϣӿĿֲһɡ
һޱȵĹԶһº֮ϣֱ
ϣ˳һն溣֮ϣֱնһץ㽫溣֮ץС
նɱ֮ϣͷ̺촽֮ɭޱȵɱһɫǾޱ
򼾿Ҳ壬һ·סɫǾޱ·
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ɫǾޱһĬģһ使ΣۼɫǾޱӰڵkı֣Ϣ
һŤӡȻɳɫǾޱϷɺɫӡγɵĺɫһ´ɫǾޱ֮ڣγӡ
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ħ𣡵kҲˣ
ɫǾޱȻĿ΢΢һһ۾Ϳһ߸ߴɽѪɫ̱ڵϣڵkͷ­֮Ƴһ޴ĿӣȻǱڳ溣ֱ֮ɱ
ȫˣ
ȥʿȫˣǲɽʵ𣿡
ɫǾޱ˶ˣ
ɽȻҽɱ⣬ѵҪʿΪ𣿡

ЩַͨԶ̿һеʿǴǹĺɫʧ֮󣬾ͿǲɽһƬǽ壬ǸʿĲквӿһɺ⡣
κһȲʮɣ֣ʮǸҲη֡
񾡳ɽȻһ춼û֧סͱȫߣֱš
ʱǲɽ֮ڣط貹ʧһʿڵĿֲǲɽд
̫ۻҵͻƵ˾żµȣ˳ͻƣΪʿ
֮У汾𻺻۾ӿƬȵ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Լ㣬ٻҪʮܹͻ֮Ϊʿ
̫ۻɵĿԽʮʱ⣬һٽΪʿվĶ㡣
ʿĸλ棬ǿߡǷλ֮Уڰ˿е飬ѾΪ˺ڰһϵ
֮λ֮УʿҲһһǿߣÿһһŵ̫ϳϣߵȨ
ôǽʱˣȻҹҵĲɽݵʿǺôӣҪúõϴһ£˭ݵˣ
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ǲɽĻеܣ
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ΧʹַΧŵʿǿĻеܣ΢΢һӹһĨ־֮ɫӿһ˿ԤС
֮ܲһ֮ڣˣ˾֮ĵʿǴһ޴ˮ򣬴ˮڿԿս֮ӿ
֮ĵսˣһأοЦˣúÿ죡
һ֮ĵĳһЦǾܹô֮ĿڴעĺϷţҪǸҹǣΪУ
һ֮ĵĳϴɽȻɱ֮ĵ̫ϳϣӦȥظĶУ
֮ĳҲţҪ֮ڴһݺݵĽѵ
֮ĵţͶҲɽǾȥ
һһ֮лص֮ʿһ¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
һâҫ֮֮档һ棬Ϳ֮У飬յĻеš
֮֮ĵ죬ɽ֮ĿǴעĺϷţܵɷıǡ
ȫɱˣ
һźĴ֮ϣĴϵ
ϣ΢΢һΣһޱȵĺɫâ΢΢һһ³֮
֮һ־˲ķѣеն
սͬһź֮֮ܲȥ
ϣ֮ҫ˼Σǲд֮ʿkնɱ
սͬˮһӿ֮ڣ֮ڣһ´ޱȵĲҽ֮
ɫǾޱһҳɫǾޱ԰Ҳ
ɨɫǾޱһ۵ʲô֣
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ȥͳɫǾޱ԰ҽգ
ǣϣ
׿ӦһһɫǾޱ԰ȥ
һĿ֮꣬ģ
ֱս˺һֻ֮ģӴޱȵĽӼһ֮ĵķƶ
ûãǿ֮֮ʿǿ߾ͱϣնɱսһ½֮ȫû
𵽿֮ĺֳһֻػ˳ƹѪǹڡ
ʮŻһ޴Ĳǵĵ̲㣬֮ڲûǿѹ溣ܵĿֲ硣űһһ


702 նɱ
ħ֮ܲս˽ħ֮ܲȫΧ
ħ֮ߵţͶҲɽǾȥ
ϣǵħ֮֮ܲлصɱ
ôĿǴʲôôĵӣ
һ֮һĿ࣬ɫ̷òӢޱȣɢһ֮ӱ˫֣̤նУ˳
ӵħ֮Լħ֮ߵϣǶĶں֮ϵ˫֮гԹ֮ɫ
һ֮ɨһۣһĨ֮ɫǿϵĴܼҰħ֮ѾӦȫͶҿǿˣǲɽˣҹ򣬱ҿǲ
Ǵʮ֮һҲһ溣ܡǴ֮ӵо޴ݾǿΧ֮һ
ݻʿ΢ǿһ£ĸħ֮ѡͶ˿ݾҲûÿɵĴڡ
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һЦħ֮ѾͶҿ㾹Ȼɱ˵k㲻ǿһôұض£͢һ
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Ŀһ棬һЦûУߵĳʹǲɽ͹ݣ
Ȥһ£Ѱˣ
һ溣ĳʹͲɽݵĻҵѵѡ񣡡
ѡһߣǾ޴ʧ

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һЦȤһȺϣȻ˵ʲôĹͳͳɱˣȰħ֮ߵͳͳɱˣ
ϣ֮һĨɱ΢΢һΣһ³ħ֮ǰӽһն
һޱȵĺɫâҫħ֮һһķѣ·ɽ
һ֮սͬˮһӿħ֮Уɱſʿ

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Ҫ

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󽫶棬һĨ֮ɫһ̾ɱ˿ܹܣԲưոݣ㣬αذô
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浭췴ôܣֻ֮͢У̫࣡ǲɽҪ࣬ΪЩ年Ķħˣ󽫣㲻Ը⳼ǲɽ年ĶħմɷĴ
ǴĺжЩҪôƾǵıɱҰɣ
󽫺һЦ˫֮оһһץһֻ˼رǹ˵kС
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֮У󽫴һӣһž޴ħȻɳһž޴ħһɳӡҫһֽ⣬âҫһγһֻһ˵ħΪǸħ֮ӵʿĿֲ
ħ󽫵ĵ֮һħֹħħ֮۷壬ԽΪ溣ܼĿֲڡ
һħҲԿһ溣ڴڡȻǲ溣ܵĶ֣䵱ڻң赲һ溣ȴǰõ
һֻħոһ֣֮УһޱȵĹһºħ֮У˲佫ħֱ
ϣһնȥ󽫾ǡǹ΢΢һһ֮γɵĽһն󽫵֮ϣһն˿ڣͬʱնˡ
ʱһޱȵҫ򼾿һڱ㽫£ڵľ׽
󽫱ɱˣ
ɽȻɱ󽫣Ҫ췴
Ҫдˣ
ݣҪһֲľˣ

ЩΧ۵ʿǿ޼ɵĽնɱжӿһĨ⡣ҲֻЩҪ췴ˣŻ޼ɵɱ͢ˣκ˶Դɳʹ߼ɵ֡


703 ̲
ݴͳ˧
󽫱ɽɱˣ
Ĵ֮һͳ˧״ͳ˧֮пһյĻƣ޾ĺâ
Ƿ״һԲεȫһս״̬
Զһǧ֮⣬һǼսͬƶɵĿֲеޣ֮Ϲâҫ
һ̣һ޴ޱȵĹ˲ݴͳ˧֮ڡ
Ǵͳ˧һɫķ֣ޱȵĹ֮£ɫķһһ飬ͳ˧Ǽսļ֮´Ӵֱ֮Ĩȥ
ĹǴӪ֮ںȥһǾӪ֮еʿǹĺ֮һըķѡ
ʿǻûзӦͱĹУըķѡ
սͬһֱӷǾӪ֮ڣնɱеĴʿ
ô£
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Ǵһ˻֮УЩΪʿʿͬͷӬһҴ
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һŭ֮Уһһͷ峤ߴףӡԶһƬ֮зɳɢ溣ڵĿֲ
һͷԶǴѹݵĵơһͷԶǱر˾ƶɵǿرԼʿڳʿΪԴȪk߷ӳ溣۷Ŀֲս
һͷԶһſһ磬һ̺Ÿʴ㷨ĺɫĹӵkĿᴩգԶһҲͷųսǼʺĸȥ
һǼʺĸһſ˾޴ޱȵķ֣ǿķγһͣǺɫĹ֮ǰ
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һɫĹâҫѾװװϣ΢΢һΣһԶͷֳװɵĴ󽣣һնԶͷ
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ϣ΢΢һΣһڹֱûԶͷ
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溣ܼĳʹ̫ǿˣ
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ʮʿ֮ڣһʿϣǣг˾֮ɫ
ϣһӽһޱȵĺɫâ˲նһʿ֮ϡһͨ溣ܶԴݻٵʿֱӱն룬ֲĺڰʿ֮еʿͨͨʴȼճɻҡ
ס֣ͶˣҪɱˣ
һʿ֮Уһζ־һڵʿʿ֮зɳվϣǵǰһ࣬һ̾׺󽫣Ͷˣס֣
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ݾԶžˡħսһӳȫս溣ܡݾʿͻϮ֮£˲أûлᶯǿޱȵս׺ֻܹѡͶ
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ݵؾһֻħŵΧ֮£ֲ¡ؼʱ򣬻ؾ֮мֱӱѣֱӱǻؾҲħȫߡ
ԴԴϵħŴӻݵλ֮ͨн٣˲֮λ棬Ϊ˲֮λһ
ûãʮ֮һУ˴֮еԼݾĽ֮гûݾĽһ򾡣ѸٵĹռݡ
Լһ˴֮ڵҲֱӲսʮ֮һֱӹռݾֱ̲
·˶ŵһ㣬ҹռʮ֮һ¥ݡμҲռʮ֮һĶݡǹռʮ֮һݡ
˴һֱӱѴݣ䣬Լ
ħ֮УλħҲķħ߳ǧٿס
滯ĶǹҲѪǿߴѪλɱͨǺҴδ½еλͨٵ˲֮λ棬˳ƹ˲֮λ֮һʯݣ
Ǿʯ֮Уʿֻ΢ֿһ£ȫ룬Ŵˣ׵ռ˾ʯݡ


704 ʹ
Ĳɽռ֮˴֮ӿ֮޽ָķϵͳޱȵıݽи졣
ȻǴһݣԴԶԶȲսħڡݵԴḻͬһطƣӵԴأ̺ĵطӵ֧溣ܵԴ
ʮĿǰ⣬ҴʱȺħ裬λǿڳŴ֮ʣͨλ֮·Լֶνٵ˴ֻҪܹסݣʤ
ݣɽܲ
չӣһŮ·Ӣˬݲɽܲĺ԰֮УһϣĿޱȵɼǻ԰衣
չӣ֮ӹһĨ֮ɫ
滯ΪĲɽѾͻ˽޵ʿû֪ͻʿ֮λ֪ʷ֮Уͻ˽޵ľš
ͻ˽޵ĴڣֻҪٶΪһʿΪһǿߡ
ʿǿߣʿԻ͵İ˴ʿʳʱһߣһ˸ǡ
ʿ֮ϵʥʿǸǿһػĴڡκһ壬ûʥʿǿ߱ӻڰ˴ʿʳʱһʿ֣ʿ̸еʸûСֻӵʥʿ壬ʸʿ̸С
ʥʿ䣬֧֮λľЩʿǿʿڰ˴ʿʳʱҲһݵķ⽮Աһλǿߡ
ոݵʱ򣬲һ»ʿ̶̲꣬Ѿȡĳɾͣչӣг˸ӡ
һǺ԰һ֮һĨâɣ
һλһָ
ɱһߣɫĿɼĸ衣
ɵǷʵ۱֮ǰݷࡣ
浭ݷ࣬ҲѾ͢㱨ݵʿ年ᣬ͵ϮҲɽҲɽѹܵħԨǲɽòֽɱ
Ĺ֮Ȼ崺Цݵ±Ҫ֪飬ǰƾϸֻ͡Ҫǰƾϸͣһġ
һģǸز޷ԶУµǸ
滯ɽͻ˽ϢʱѾڴϲ֮дڸǰƾǡ
һǰƾǣȫԲµԼмĸʻᱻƾǰ׼֮еǿֱӳѹ
һͻ˽޵ľţһɳȫͻƳΪʿĿֲڣлΪʥʿ
ʿޱȵִһʥʿȫӵƷͳεĿֲ
Ŀ΢΢һȻһЦ¿ʮ㣡ֻҪǰƾǣ¾ͻὫ۰ʮŹͻԸ⽫Ҵʮ֮һݴΪķأ
ЦЦĿ˰һ۵ݣҺ˵Ѿ˴֮еռˣ
ɳŵ΢ЦЩǽѢֻ֮ҪҴѹ򣬲ƽЩ治練ƣ
ܿϧȷʵز޷뿪ݡ
֮ϵЦݻȥһ̾ԸǰƾǡƾǽɳǰַɽɽΪս֮С
浭𣬻ʲô֯Զַң
ɵҴȻǿУɱϾǶͳͬӵơһ˧˧˧˧ĴԪ˧ͿѾݼᣡֻҪһͻԲɽǲɽǿҴĴԪ˧ǰܻʤ
΢΢һЦһĨâ溣ܣǿҲɽ
һ溣൱ǿĿֲǿߡ溣֣Ƕ֮Уûмʿֵܹ
ĴԪ˧ҲǶ֮溣еĶһԪ˧ɻ׼ҵĶǿߣʵǿޱȣѹλĿֲڡ
Ļ׼ȻӵӵܣͬӵǿߡЩܹΪ溣ܵĴڣһսλɱĿֲڡ׼ҵʮÿһʵΪֲκһ˶Լ֮ǿڿ⣬ǻܶԷ
ɼȰ˵ֻҪһǰƾǣôܹս𣬶һܹ檣ٻޱȵĶȹһҪȴɽģֻлĿΪɽһ𣿡
һģĵزǰƾǡҲɽԴĹ͢Ҳɽֻ»Ắ˵ġ
֮кâһȻˣҾ͸ˣ
ȥ
չӣǰŰɵ룡
Ŀһۣתȥ
濴Ű뿪ıӰ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼ˶Ѿ̨ôʽʼɣ
Ϊʮ֮һڹȥִƵĵط֮ﱻȫռ졣
ĳλӽݵһ޳ǡʱĳѾΪһ޴ıӪÿһ춼һҷ۴˷ʿԼսԴ
ľ֮Уӵر˾սݵսԶʬһֲֿޱȵսһԶʬͨ溣ܶδǵkĶ֡
ЩսһͬҪһԴԶʬһȫĵǵͼħһСսħͬһСɽôࡣ
Щս˾޴ֻսڼ䣬ŻᶯЩսƽ׷溣ܵǿ֮ʱǲħ˾˾Լ溣ΧЩǿߡ
ĳ룬μķֳӪֱ溣ܡ
ÿһ溣¶ӵ֣ĴԪ˧ӵԼֱӣǴͬӵԼֱӡ
¥ĳ֮ΪľƵꡣ
һħܳͣ£һĿ࣬һǣӢޱȣܹȡŮĵĴ˴Ԫ˧֮һ˧ħ֮ܳл߳¥һۣ̤¥֮ڡ


705 溣
ˣ
˧һľ¥˧ӳ˸к
ϻŮӣô벻㣬һ룬͸Ϲˣ˵ǲǶ˼
˧һӳ¶һЦݣǰӳߣЦ
˧ӳ΢΢ҡͷһòޱȣӿȥУģһ顣ã˭ҲûпЦݡЩ֪֪ȵ˲ϲ͡Ϸ磬ƶе˼
òޱȣӾǰ˴Ԫ˧֮еķ˧
˧ЦϷ磿У㻹Ҫġ˵һŵλŮͳͳĺ󹬣̿ˡ
˧Ц˲ܹ˵УҵĺȱŮȪŪ֣
˧üͷ΢΢һŮȪϷ磬ȥΪԽԽģ
ŮȪһȪˮһŮԺһŮȪͻᵮһŮӤһʮȪŮȪһЩֻŮԵάڵıλ涼ûг
˧յλ֮УպŮȪ˧Ҫ
˧΢΢һЦûйϵҵʣ溣ѾǼޡ̣úֲܹ
˧üͷ΢΢һ壬΢΢ҡͷһ̾ãһȥ˽ŮȪø㡣
ʿһΪͻ»ʿǧϡ溣ܵƽǧϡѪʿǻӾԶ
ƾõʱ֮Уеʿ᲻׷ʿԼȤϴá
˧ȻԷ˧Ͻ΢΢ЩȴҲûи˧˼
ʱһ磬Ǵźɫͷûлױȴһ뵹âӳĵûһľ̤ƻ֮С

Ǿеһˣ
˧Ҵеĵһˣ

Ǿƻ֮еʿǿ̣һж¶һ˿֮ɫ
һʵ溣ܣӵѹԵĿֲս޾ף绪űΪеĵһˡ
ǴӵвˣкüŮġòʲ֮¡ǶǸ߸ϣӵоǿ溣ܣǶ޷Ϊеһˡ
˧ϴһĨЦݣӭ˹ּ̣ˣһμǰɣܹãǱԽԽˣ
Ŀ⸴ӵĿ˷˧һۣ΢΢һ̾ʣܱǸ
վߵһŮȻһѸײڶ֮ƹĳ˷˧ǰһ˷˧ڣޱȵĶ֮Ȼһ˷˧ڡ
Ƿ·ߵ˧ߵҲȻһ̧ͷֳǿӰɱһǻ˧ȥ
˧ӳ֮һ¼һһصķ֣ȴǿӰɱ׹ᴩմ˸
һһӰһ³ǻ˧ӳ֮ϣʴŵkԼꡣ
â΢΢һرڷսסڷ֮ǹһ³УһΣһɫķ˧ԥֱӴȥ
䣡
˧˿ûаϻҲΪʲôѣؿڵһĵľżر顿âҫ
âҫ֮У˧һ±Ϊһͷ峤ߴףһ޴ͷһҫӡۣɢŰ벽ʿֲϢ
԰Թ
ɫǾޱĬһеľżرɫǾޱ
һƬƬɫǾޱĻȻƮľƵ꣬γһɫǾޱγɵķ硣
Ǹ类ݻ֮ǰľƵ֮зһжκ֪ͬʱǻ԰Թķ֮£ľ¥һֹĿռ֮У˧Ϊ׵Ȼûгűľ¥
˧һΪ˫֮âһżر񾧡Ȼɳڵkͷ
̣㾹Ȼǣôȥɣ
һ춯صŭ֮Уһڰ̺Ÿࡢ⻯һ̺֮ȥ
΢΢һΣһ±仯Ϊһͷȼڻ棬·滯һܹ׽һճɻҵĻˣײһ
ǿײһ𣬿ֲĳ˷ɢȥ
ƻ֮»ʿĽ⧲֮䱻ɿֲ޷֮£׷ˣһѪ
˧ǰ˴Ԫ˧֮еĵһ֣ȫǵkĶ֣˫һ֣̾ȫ·硣
һߣǷ˧ϣǵĽ½ʮʱ䣬ͱǶ֮ȫգֻʣһö溣֮ˡ
ϣնɱ˷˧֮΢΢һΣһ³ǱӰɱᴩĻ˧ǰһǻ˧üĴȥ
˧һЦɱӳûô򵥣ұ
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Ĭģһָһ˿˿˵˻˧ϡ
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ɶôȥ
һͷڻ˧Ժ֮һӶküϣһᴩֱһıǶ֮׷ճɻҡ
˧˧˧䣬һǾżر񾧡΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮףɢ溣ͷƽ
һֻͷƽ΢΢һΣס̡
˧һΣһײͬһɽһײǻ԰ԹĽ֮ϡ
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һ֮Уǻ԰ԹӲı˧ֱײ顣
˧ԼɫǾޱ˴Ѫ˫˫ܵش
ϧ˧ֻһͿ˵أ
һЦ֮Ѫ廯һħϵУǶ溣֮˵ġѪߡսһ³˧ǰֳرѪ֮һ˧նȥ
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˧췢һ޴Хצһ̽һץǳɫĽâ֮ϡ
ޱȵ˧һ±ǿֲõأһ¶һĽۡ
ϣһΣһ³˧ԣһն˧ĳ֮ϣһɫĽâҫ˧ĳնһ
򼾿ҲȻ֣ſһ磬һ̫Ȼ˧ȥ


706 ս
˧צһ̽צһץһ̫֮ϣֻһ޴УӲĽ̫ĥ˴󲿷
ǰ˴Ԫ˧֮ǿ˧ϧһ˱ϾǵĶ֣
һӰһ³˧ǿӰɱһ´˧ڣǿޱȵһû˧ڣӡŵk
汾һ֣΢΢һΣһ˳ףĿǡӰɱʴ˧塣
Ӯˣֻһ⡣̣ΪʲôҪǣ
˧Χһ溣ܼĿֲǿߣĿϣ˱ӵʵ
˧һ̲ŵͷƽҲʧǾżر񾧡˵ϡ
Ĭģһâҫһɫǡ񾧡֮ϣǡ񾧡ȫӡ
̵֮ӹһĨ֮ɫ
˴Ԫ˧֮ϵȻ㲻ǢϾͬۡ˧ҲӦ̵룬Żǰμһεľƻᡣ
ұġļ˱ȣΪҵˡȻñ棬塣
ʤΪΪܡ伫˧ҲӦܹ⣡
涢˧ƽޱȵ
˧ʤΪΪܣ˵úãս֮ϣʤһУʧܣʲôûУҲʲô޷ã
˧Һ㣡ңǲɽΪЧΣ
Ϊܹնɱ˧ǵ̡ϣǡɫǾޱ򼾿塢ԼѪ۷Ļ溣Ŀֲڡ
ɫǾޱ֮⣬Ĵ溣ǿ߶ܹսʤͨ溣ܵĿֲڡǿ֣ıԳ֣ڡ
˧ƽޱȵܹô̵ʱ֮ڣɽչزĺ˲ľҲϧܰ׼Ҵǰ׼ңʯͷһ˶ҵΪٻ󣬶԰׼ҡ׼ҵĴ£ʯͷԣ㲻÷ˣɱҰɣ
һĨϧ֮ɫ΢΢һ֮̾ϧˣһһʹģ
ϣǰһһ˧ü֮Ƕ֮׷գ˧ȫն
תǱǾޱԹסĴԶĽƽޱȵʵǣǽ
һʿĬһ΢΢һ̾Ͷ
ҽˣ

·˶ŵһڳһٶ춼ѡͶ¥֮ȫͳ˧溣֧䣬ǷҲֻ·һ
ȼ֮⣬ûԸΪ׼ƴ
һٶͶֱ֮ӶӡЩӡȻɫǾޱ
̣ûиԼʲô취ǳ𣿡
΢΢ҡͷ׼ҵʮÿһʮСĽkǾסĵطĴԪ˧֪Ҫ£ҪȥkָʿҪɱkûκλᣡ
кâһɱУǾǿɣ
ĳϷǧҵĵطʮҾ޴ޱȵļǼǼս֣սͬһ㻷С
ʮҾ޴ޱȵļǼǼսڹâһʮޱȵĹһºĳפ֮ڣǿֲĹ֮еʿֱӪԼرͨͨ촷ۡ
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ͷ˱۾ͬһ𲻰ܵħڵkĹ֮£ս˼ǱȲž֧飬ըѿ
Ĺǰ˱۾˵֮ϣǰ˱۾˻ֱкͣ޷˺kֺ
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ս֮ϣ洦ɼһ䶯ָŵĲߡǲǿԣӵвԣֻҪоƬûбݻپܹԶָ
ǻ˧µʿ׷ǰ˱۾˵󼯽ȥ
˧µսʿҲս鼫ΪḻǿߣսҲ˧Ҳôױ
Ԫ˧ͬƣǿ꣬ӵʿĸԪ˧Ȼôױ
һһͷ峤ףӡһֻħǣͬһͷŴʮܵ溣ܾӴ֮ڶ
ֳմطǵܾ溣ܼĿֲڣҲǿʹսᲢ۵Ŀֲڡ
ܵΪϡ٣Ҳֻд֧λǿܹץһͷ彫֮Ϊһ溣ܼĿֲս
ǵܾһ֣Ȼһһ³ս֮Уž޴һġk޴ÿһ£ὫʮսֱӺ÷飬Щս˵ĻָоƬȫ
һƬ֮УǼսϵͳȫ֮Уûɢκһ˿
ǰ˱۾ˡ֮ܳǼսڹâһޱȵĹһºǰ˱۾ˡ֮ܵϡ
ǰ˱۾ˡһðɫķ֣ȻǼսڹâ֮ȫ飬һһֽ⣬Ƭɢ䡣
ʲô
ɶʲôսôôǿôô򵥾ʹݻ˰˱۾˺͵ܣ

ս֮ϵĴʿǿ溣ܼĿֲսսں֮»ɻңһĿɿڴһĨ֮ɫ
ʯǣʬ泲ˣô
ɶЩͻϮʵ̫ɶˣֵս֮ϣһս
˭˭˷磬ǽģ

Ӫ֮лһƬʿ۲һᣬЩ溣ܼսһûг֮ʩչطȥ
һɫĳǱȻǿפ֮зɳɫĹâһһ»һԶȥ
һͷǧףɢ溣ѹĶĳѿĴų򣬴ſֲޱȵפ֮зɳݵķȥ


707 ̲
濴ߵĿĬĬӵúÿ죡ǻ飡Ҫһ㣬ǾҪˣ溣ҪɱȻѣ
һοǵĿǰܹи֣ҽеļս˶óͶⳡս
ǿ溣սܹĻеĺkǡ
֮ԴҲСǼսһֻܹһң֮¾ͿһǼսıϡ
ǿֲǰս˱ˣҲں̵ܶʱ֮ȫ
ˣ
ǣ
ˣͶ
Ͷˣ

Щڼս֮еʿһߣʱʿ䣬ؽе
ʿսʿʩչطԶȥֱذܵս֮УûһʿԸ£ɽˡ
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ʮǼʺĸȻ֣սԿֲٶЩʿǷȥ
һ΢ķڴЩսĻ֮ᴩЩʿǵ壬Щʿһһ˺ɷ顣
΢ķ溣ܼǿǲʹ÷ҲֵסЩʵֻдʿǿʿͨսʿֵס
ǶʮǼʺĸһ֣ȫ˲дʿֿдʿʶǺĸĿֲ֮󣬶׷ѡͶ
ҵսٳСʱĻеžͽĳ֮ڵзʿͨͨɱһ
ʱһ޴Ĺ֮Уڷʮߴر˾ƶɵսʮսֱǳ׷ˡʯǡʬ泲ˡħ롢ѿԶʯˡͷƽԶʥħ
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ʮս溣ܼʬƶɵĴڣЩսڶӵпռ䷨޽һʿֻҪʿ㹻ܹӳ溣Ŀֲս
һ̵İֱ֮͵ϮԪ˧ɵڵһʱڻɱ˴ʻЩսʿһ漤սʤˣҲʧսˡв溣Ҳ䡣
ǵȻ͢溣࣬Ϊ溣ֱܶͬ͢ѹ塣ɱ֪꣬ж溣սڳ֮͢Сǳ͢ĵ̣
ʮš˴֮Умֻһ溣ػʵ֮ڣӵƳ׷ˡʯ溣սͬʱλ棬ԼΪˣǲܹ֮Ϊʮš˴ҡǵĵ̿ɲܹĴڡ
ʮš˴ҳϵǿ֮⣬ǿǽ֪֮սħھ溣ǽ֮˵һ溣λΪһǿ顣
վߣʮ溣ս֮һĨ֮ɫ
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΢ЦҡҡͷĿʮս֮ϣԺ֮вϵתԡ
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֮еĴԶ𣬶ʱ𶯡رǰ˴Ԫ˧֮л˧˧˧նɱ˧̳棬𶯡
ǲ֮λ֮Уӵа˴Ԫ˧ͳ˧Űֻǿսţѹǿߡ
ɾһս˴Ԫ˧ֻʣӥ˧˧˧Ԫ˧д档˧ˡ
ϿԶõҰսžֻʣӥ˧˧ԼʮһԸصһ½͵˴͵㡣
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ƾǻʹ֮ڡ
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̱ѣɽĳڣ˻˧˧˧ĳȺףɽûơѾͳ˧ݣ
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·ȥλ䣬ɽȻҴϣȻɱҴԪ˧񼫡λʲô߿Ʋɽ
ЩһʹͷĬȻ
ȷʵӢ䣬ʮֹϣͷʶţͬϲǬãݲ·Եk溣ܵΪ弶ܹԣܹӸطȫɴȫ
ڴ֮УǬĹԱֻҪȥСҲЩԱΨΨŵŵֻ֪µԸ
һĨâȻˣ޾һټǸ棡
ʱһ뷢԰׵üͷ΢΢һȰ£ɣ
̫Ϊβɣ
̫Ȱ£ʱҴȺħ裬Ѫ塢Ԩħħħ֮еħֶѾ֡ЩκһҪҴ㾡ȫֵܹס֮ᶯҴ˶ϵڱһǱʲôʧҴΣӡ
ȻЩãȴǰ׼ѵһţ¹ϵӡһ䣬ֱ׼ӵֻ¾ͻսһ
鵭ô̫кθ߼
̫ǿԮѪ塢Ԩħħħħֶ֮СݹϵģһЩ̤ǲ֮λ棬ǾͱkѹǿԮǾԲ֮


708 ٷλ
ԳĬһᣬ΢΢ͷ
֮λʿ໥֮ڶݡֵ֮ʱǻŽΪʿŽʧȥʿʵػʱǺЩֵ忹⡣
̫ڲɽǴѳɡɳʹߣϱ뽵ǵ߻΢еǣͲܾǵн֮ǾֹɽһߡҪֻѡ
ǽݿΣ
̫һȻϳԸΪǰ棬ǰȥһսԲ̤򣡡
üͷ壬˳֮С
һ̫Ȼüͷ΢΢һǰС£н鱨
鱨ޣ
̫һץһݽɫ۳УȻ󹧹ĵݸ˰顣
һһ鱨ʱɫһڣĮ̫˵ȥɣ
׷ʲô
Ƿۣдʲô

Щ͢ԱǶʮֺõݣֳĬ
³֮Щĸ߹ǶԼ鱨ܿ͵õϢħ֮еħѾ˴ķߣ㹥ơ
ѹħ溣ħ˧еľԪ˧ǳħ֮еĶ溣ش
ħƬĴԪ˧ֻܹͨڶĽ磬Լʿֵħ֮ħĽ
ǿƣͬҪصĵطҲʵ̫ࡣǷһζĽٴʧܣϵ溣ܣôпͬŵһ¡
ǰ׼ҹΪɫĻʵ۱£Ȩ֮󣬵kѡЭ
֮ݲɽܲ
һǲɽܲͿһž޴֮ϣɹ̫ɼԼ輧ĸ衣
岻ɣˣһΣʲôּ⣿
Աߣԥϣܹ˻ݣݻ͢͢ԴͷΪݣͬݣ
΢΢һЦָһһֽƽƽŰɷȥԵĶҴû³ȥϰߡҵսƷҪҲԣЩ͸ҡҿ˳ݣ
ɽӹһֽ΢һۣʱü΢΢һ塣Щֽдŵĸֲϣһ֮ı౦û˵֡
ֽϵĲϾؽ弶ĹؼԲϡȻѹΣؽ弶ĹؼԲϻ֡
ڵĻϾʿڵĻѾŪ˲ٽصĲϣǽ弶صĲȴȻûռȫ
ȻһЦЩҴȫڰ֮ռȫֻҪ˳ݣұ֤ڰ֮ڣЩͳͳϡ
ǴΪʱܹУһʱҲ㹻֮ѹγԴ
浭һЦȻǵȲϵ̸֮ˡ
ɵ͢Ϊ򱱴󹫾ҪϱԽݣǰƾ
΢Цϱݣû⡣Ⱦز޷ǰƾ£µǸ
΢΢̾һðɣһһʹߣǰƾ
ͻ˽޵ľţһŲɽӴһ죬Ȼǰƾյء
ֱӽƾǣҲԲµǰԻᵱϣƾǵѹ벻ɽ˺ƤҲϧ
Ҳһãҿɳʹߣǰƾǡ
ãɽִƾǣʵ۱Ҳ˳˲ɽСǲɽֳΪ˴һ֡
ѾѳҲѸٵγһˣҵ
ɳʹԮʿȨͬɳǿ֣ԨħѪ彻ս
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λ档
滯֮ڣֻһЩͨߴڣ֮йҸǵ
֮һߴǧ׵ɽɽһ׵һ滯ס֮ء
֮һ֮ڣһȶԾŹâһ汾֮ڡ
һֿԼЩһЦĿǰҵĴ⣡˼а֮⣬ûһԸҽϵ𣿡
λ黯Ȼò׵ȼ𣬸߾Ϊһ΢񡣿Ȼܵϵų⡣Ĵ۹ûһ滯ύֻһЩͼаĻһ˿Ȥ
ɲЩͼаύвһ΢ĻͻᱻЩаɵ
а֮д󲿷ֶǻаӪĴڣвս֮оͻᷢ񣬲ֵҵɱĴڡƽദ֮УҲͬƣ໥ɱ໥̲Ūı
΢֮ײĴڣЩаദǲ༸ۣԻᱻЩа̵
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ôƻʼɣ
ԭЩķչԭѾϣһƽԭش
ͬʱǺԭҲ˵һ˵۹ǵһεİ˵۹ʵ۾ǿɪա
ǰ˵۹ʹ֮ϡ
ɪ֮ϣӢ˲سĻ㱨
ʱμ֮ʱֻһͨʨŮĿɪѾɳΪһ绪Ů𷢱ۣӢľˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ǻʹ֮йŵĹâһһǿǻʹ֮



ǻʹ֮ڣеĳ͢سһӦǹ˷ܼޱȣһ˵ϣޱȵġ
΢΢һһϢֱӴݵ˿ɪյԺ֮С
Ѿͣ׼ʥսһǵѪ⣬Ϊеĵٹնɱеǰĵˣ
ɪһ³һ漶Ĵ󽣡ҫ֮߸߾һų貵ʥ⣬һӢ۰е
ʥս
ʥս
ǵѪ⣬Ϊеĵٹնɱеǰĵˣ

Щسһ˫۶¶һ˿˷ܺͿ֮ɫ
Դ潫Щ˴˵۹֮оȳ֮ЩسǴ󲿷ֶΪĿͽĻΪͣʲô鶼Ը


709 ǿ˹ǹ
λڰϢء֮У鲼顢Ѫ塢ڰ顢ڰˡʦڰˡħħԼʺϵĳ
ڵ类ȺˡǰѰһ·
ӪΧаӪĴӪаڽ̶磬ÿһǵ綼ɱ֮С
ǵӵͨͨںԭ֮УһΪѿմϿȾ޴ѷ죬ͨ硣
ͨݣȤ
һͷļﰵӰħŵ·֮УΧĻ̾
Ǹһһ߼ʣȫźɫսŸ˹ǹͷϴȫϢɨͷȥʮֹİ˲
ԣո߸ϣŮһ㣬δ½֮һǾޱ԰Ůȵıĺλ泱ϫûȥ㣬֮УҲֻܹӳ񼶵
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ҪʲôͱðһЩգǵĶ֣ӵǿߡûͶӰ٣kǿشҡ˵ˣǻ𣿡
Ȼѡ˳棬ȴһֱ߸ϣԸ̫׽ͬΪ輧ĿƵİ֮£ѾΪ»ʿ֮ϡǸֻһʿΪ˿ҲѾΪ»ʿӳס
һĸĿ濿ҳΪĲ֮һһͬǰλ档
ڼʶ˴Ƿʢʿ֮󣬿ȵİѾܺõҲ˸ߵĿ꣬ǾǽΪ溣ܡֻпܰʵԸ
շλڰĽڸлһ±ס棬ĶĴһ˿ûˣڣǵĺڰܹɵĽ
ЩʵĿ˸лһСֹһ䣺ɧ
ǳĿôҲѧлȻ˵ֶΣֻܹзйԼĲ
˭
ָʹ˼ߵĴˣ˵Щװģ
ĽߺöŮ
ǰЩŮΰĻʵ۱Ҳֻѷһأ

Ƕ֮УսʿͨȫϢͷǱ޾ڰֵĵֱ֮УĿŮƣһ¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫ
ݳףһдǳŢǶѨ֮˵硣
ʲôˣǹͷ֮أ֮еŮ˺򣬾ȥ
һ磬ٶڣֳƾɵǡľĹͷһΧ˹һУݺݵ
ЩĿЩǰҫĹͷ˵Щͷˣѵû̵ôˣ
лһЦǲʶ貿µװȫװսʿ޴ͨˣսȫͬն˴жϣ
ڰ飡ڰ齻ҿǣ
һͷףһͷʵɢһײбϢ˫ͷͷֳһľ޴󿳵˳ֻĶŸл̰֮ɫ
Ĺͷ˿ǸлҲ̲ס̿ˮ˫֮д̰֮ɫ
ڰóȻ֮һлΪǺڰǰνڣһһȻȻЩ͵ȵĹͷֵܹĴڡ
浭һЦÿһ²ӵս࣬˸ϣȫɱˣ
ǣΰʹˣ
Ӻһ´һһǺɫսǰ͹£Ըоȫ͹ԳһȫϢɨͷİŮһȣ
İ͹µİŮսʿһȡ˸˹ǹͷһɨ䡣
һĴָСĹȻٶͷͷ˵֮ϡ
ٶͷͷֻҪЩУͻᱻһȭͷСѪ
ɱǣ
˫ͷͷһ·һŭɢſʿһʿĿֲϢոǰ̤һһ¶߰˸ȭͷСѪԴҲ׷ըѿ˵ϡ
ûãٶ๷ͷ˾ȫսȴ

̫ˣ
ʹǵ̫ǿˣ

ЩսʿǼһĻҲѪҺڣ˷ܡսʿ˵ûһǿǸҪˡ
ٶ๷ͷǰЩսʿܹȫǣҲҪһĴۣпܻˡǸ˹ǹǰЩͷȴǲһЩǶ˷ܡ
һϢ¶һ˿Цݣ޾ڰĵ翴һ۵ͷ֮ô˵Ǹۼأǹͷ˵˳·Ǿʹݻ
һӣһſųֲӵȻɳ˵·ߡ
ЩһڵϣѸٵǵŵĸܿţγһ̫һĻ䡣
һλĵ緢ֵĳֲܹյĸų⡣ֵҲǲ֮λı绷õĻ䡣
Ȼǲ֮λħ֮УǵҲЩڰһͻֱƻĻ䡣
ڰЩڰǿǵȻʲôûУһ鲼Ļֻúڰȵ
ǵһԾǿԵĳħԣͨħҪݻҲҪĴۡ
ǵ֮Уµĵ˾û޴ڵĸֶ档ûҩǴ漶ǿвҲᱻЩԵ
κη˴Զ綼һ˾جΡλʷ֮ϣһʵǲ˰磬ͼĺڰȫӹһֻԶûڰȺڰսΪߡ桢ڲֱӱֻʣ¶ʮбܽӵѡ
һս֮󣬵ͳΪ˷λڰĬϵΧҲûв۵۹ɴԶ硣
İ˴뿪֮󣬴Լ˶ʮ๫ھһƬĢֵʱ򣬺Ȼ֮䣬Ģ֮Уһĺɫ棬һֱ
ȣ֣
ǣʹˣ
һźɫսǰ͹̣һӵİ˽ǰһʼ
˱ŵӴ򿪣¶һȡ


710 նɱͷ֮
һ֮Ȼɢٸ໥ӣһ޷ȴԳӵо޴ɱĹȻɢЩСͳħ֮ϡ
ЩСͳħ汻ǹޱȵĴһ֣ͬһ֮׹䡢鴤
һ·ѹǴӵĿ·֮£ЩֻСͳħͨͨ
Զ˵Щɱ֮ԷСͳħͷ۵ĴڡЩ͵ĳħ棬Ȼǿֽ߳ɱ
һʹľդΧס֮һľÿһľ֮϶ࡢ粼ֵʬĲ䡣
դΧɵĹͷ˲伫Ϊһۿȥռʮƽϡ
һӶȫװĹͷľդ֮г䵱һһеĳ֣ǲ֮бһ̶֮
ͷ˲䶼һ¶ͷ˴֮ӿ
ͷ֮ҳ
ںշŮֳȼ֮ǹԽڶֳǡ֮ǹָǲ䣬ȵ
ˣǹͷ˵ĹȣﲻӭЩߡȥǻȫɣ
һɰ񼶵Ŀֲǲ֮ڶһͷףźëֳ־޴ż⣬˫ųɫâɢһ˿˿Ĺͷ֮һǲĴ֮⣬ǰһЦ
ɨǹͷ֮һۣ㽫ǹͷ֮һȫ񼶵ǿߣǹͷ֮񱴼Ӵkԣõkλ泱ϫ֮Уػͷһ
λλ泱ϫȻûȥڷλ֮УǴʥʥʿλ棬ҲᱻѹƵýֻʣǿʿ۷Ϊֻʿʵۼǿߣܹһλλ泱ϫʱ䣬λ磬Ȼӳ޵е
λ泱ϫʱҲΪңΪΣյʱ򡣱ƽʱϸ°ǿֵ߳ð񼶵ǿߵϾһ񼶵ǿһͻԴ
λ泱ϫв֮£ҲֻܹʩչֶΣԼڷĲӵа񼶵ս
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ϧʵ𰢶أǲ̫Զˣ

֮һһӰһͷͷĺڰӰıȻ֡΢΢һһӰ˲˹ͷ֮
㡭
ǹͷ֮һĿɿڴոշһ˲ķѣѪ
ЦڿһӵͷڰѪʿɱһĹͷֱ֮ɲˡ
ȻڷλŹ齵棬һ·ĹԹȫȫĿ֮еŽõͷڰѪעڣһӵпֲǱͷڰѪʿ
ͷڰǿԽʿܹ֮ѪΪͷڰһ˿ϣΪʥʿȻҪΪʿʵۣǻûпܡ
ѪʿֻȼֳʼѪһ˿ϣΪʿʵۼǿߡ
ȿŰأ֮һĨ֮ɫر󳼷棬ȴλѾԶԶ֮ϣȻʮֲƽ⡣
ˣ
ˣ

Ǹ֮еĹͷһͷ˱ɱʱһʧ룬ɢ
浭أˣ
ǣϣ
عӦһѸٵĿʼ´һϵе
һֻǿսֳָ˹ǹİ˴һɱǹͷ˵Ĳ֮ڣһ·Щ·Ĺͷͳͳɱ
ӣǫϼƷչЩͨͨɣ
һݿ£ֳȨȵĹͷһڷŹͷ֮񱴼ӵļ̳֮ǰ
Ǽ̳֮ǰվʮԹͷˣԼһԺڰŮѪŮڰһŮ
ͷ˾˵һͷ̫ź빷ӽɵ壬ǵڶӵһ˿̫źѪͬҲ̳ԡǹͷ֮񱴼ӲԹͷһĴԸȤͬŮȤ
ǹͷ֮£ǹͷ˱ӵһһɫĹ·ԽգһӰ֮зɳǹͷ˱ӵ֮ϡ
ǹͷ֮񱴼ӵǽɫĹ·һ»˹Ǿ޴ļ̳֮£֮Žɫ⣬һ˿ĮȻϣɢһɿֲޱȵͷ˲䡣
ǹͷ֮񱴼ӵѹ֮£ǲ֮меİսʿһ־壬Ʋס壬ֱӹ˵ϣɪɪֻЩӵһʿΪİ˽ǿİ֮£ǿסѹ
ǿȻǵֵסҪ׵ֵôλҲӵ˳ߵĵλ
ɨЩǿİսʿĿһ˹ͷ֮񱴼ϡ
΢¼İ֣ᣬΰĹͷ֮񱴼ӱӻĲ䣡ὫԳ֣Щ֣
ǹͷ֮񱴼һ·˷ŭޱȵֲ֮վŵİ˽ֱѹȵù˵ϡ
ɨǹͷ֮񱴼һһԼûе΢飬Ҳΰ⣡ֱӣҪԼϵϵΪ񣡷ͻ䣡
ͷ֮񱴼ԼûУСһС飬С
󵨣һ񲻵΢飡ȻҲ᳼ֱΣ㲻һʹҲһô˵ȥ
ͷ֮񱴼һĨĹâһŭſһ磬һֲޱȵĻȥ
ǰ񼶵ǿǿֲǰᱻ׷ճɻҡ
ΪһС֮ǿʵ̫ˣС֮ıأ
΢΢һ㣬һɫǰ֣һֲޱȵĻ׾ٵľͽǻȫɡ
ͷ֮񱴼Ŀɿڴ⣬ôܣûжãôܷסҵĻ
һӰ˲Ϣ֮˹ͷ֮񱴼ӵеġ֮ǹһ´ǹͷ֮񱴼ӵ࣬񱩵ĺ֮˲䱬ǹͷ֮񱴼ӵĻֱɱ
㷨
ĬģһָһɫĹâȻɳУϢǽɫ֮ûʶ֮ڡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ҵˣͷ֮񱴼ӵλã


711 նɱѪ֮
΢Ȩһᣬûгɱͷ֮񱴼ӡ
Ǵӵǰİ˴ѸٵĹռ֮󣬺󷽵һƤĻǿŸͻеʼ䣬֮ΪһС
ǳڰһ壬δ½ڰǰδĸɳںֳеĽ衣
ͳ˧ǰ˴һ·ƽƣɨŵһ㡣
һ㣬ѪۼѪǱǰ
ֳ֮֡ǹָѪǱȵѪ֮ҳ
һֲѪǱ֮ڻصѪ֮еѪ˰ص
ʲôˣ
һɿֲϢѪǱ֮ڶһòףһͷɫɢһȻϢѪǿߴѪǱ֮зɳĮ߰ĸŰѾһСѪǿ߾Ѫ֮ӵһ˿ԵѪ
Ѫ֮Ѫλ֮ӦñֳΪѪоλ֮УkȴԳѪ֮µѪһ
Ѫ֮󣬷ѪѪ壬ÿһӵд漶ĿֲʵǾǷλǿǿеĴ漶Ѫ
ֳ֮֡ǹָѪ֮µĴ󽫰أѪ֮ΪΨһ򣬽
Ѫ֮һЦΰѪ֮µᣡûܹұҵЩͼ徹ȻѪһ壡ҾͳȫǣǳΪǵѪʳ
һɲ֮䣬Ѫ˫ųɫĹâѪǱ֮зӶǰ˴ֱȥ
ѪӵԶ˵ʣһͨĵͼѪɱһһʿѧͽڷλ֮УʮѪûͣһ𷢶ܹ׵Ĵݻһֻ

һֳָ˹ǹİ˾һɨ䣬ЩѪк
Ѫһըѳ˾޴Ŀ׶ͬײһεı֮һ㣬ķѡ
ЩѪʵ̫࣬ȻСѪǸ˹ǹĵЩ˾ǰ
һǿֳ˿ѷɫѪֶеİ˵ȻԾӵЩѪնȥЩѪսһ
ǺɫһǿʿµʹʣЩһİ˱ԶԶȲЩѪǴǺɫһǿ֮ʷЩѪ֮ϣһһЩѪȫնɱ
֮УһֲޱȵĺӰȻ֣Ѫ֮һҽУֱķѣڵѪҲһ׷ճɻҡ
ʲôˣȻɱҵĺᣡ
ѪǱ֮УһѪɫĹһ˳Ǳ֮һѪ֮µ֮ϣǸһ»˹ɢһɰ۷Ŀֲѹϯ
һ
һӰһ³Ѫ֮µ֮һץһ´Ѫͷ­֮ڣһץһŽɫ˳
Ѫ֮µ񷢳һޱȵɢҲûжҡšģ
ɵѪ»֮Ӵޱȵİ˾Ųþ͹ѪǱѪǱ֮еѪȫѹ
ѪµĻɵ֮ԵΪаǶʼ˴
ԭ˵۹
һźɫۣһڰ֮еǵ۹֮һͷųһɰ񼶵Ŀֲͬʱΰı밵ɱ֮ʹ¶࣬ϣܹΰİ֮˶Ի
ûãһֻװʿŹǰ֮ʥְ
ΰİ֮ĽڲҮޣ
һԼʮ߰꣬һɫڳۣķԸУ𷢱ۣѩ֮дһʥ֮һľɫ˴һĨ磬ޱȵĻ
Ү²ʥͽ֮һҲܵľˣ˰񼶵һ۾Ϳ˰¶ı밵ɱ֮ȷ˶Էݣ¶˰֮֮ڡ
¶һ֮ǰʱſһ޴ĺڶһɺɫûڡһɿֲ԰¶Ϊģ˷ɢȥ
¶࿴˹ǺڰлҪ˵
һûǳ֮󣬾ȫʧֱһЩһֱע֮⣬Ķֻ֪ܹͨkڷĴýϵ
һɫĹâһ֮ϣ֮˫һųĹâĸ˹Į˵
˹Էָһ֣ס֣ǾҪֶԸˣ
ڵ⹥ѾЩԵΪа˾֮ġ
ڵһΪڰа֮еһӣȻνһҪͳ磬ôԵΪаǶԸ档Ǻڰ֮УͬӵǿĿֲڡ
ڰ飡ڰҵģҪ̲ڰ壬ҵĵߣҪΪڰ֮
˹һĨâڰ飿˿ĽᡣȷҪkΪǸŮ˿ǿ֮£ΪѲļһ˵üǿ䣬kйءҵkڿǺҹĪŵ谮Ů֮һ
˿ȻǷλ֮ǿ飬ȴλõ顣ڼս֮Уkûбȫıڰ֮Уֱӳ֡˵֮кüǿ鶼Ϊk䡣
ԸһЩǿҲԸ˿ѲĽɫرǵkڻǺڰ֮ǿҹĪŵ谮Ů֮һ
ҹĪŵһǿĴڣλλ涥ĴڣͬʱҲ˿˹Ŀֲǿߡ
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ڰа֮ͬ໥ɱݣֻҪûвڰаڵĸkǾͲֶԸ档
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ȻҹĪŵضһȻλĴڡһкϷˣ֪ܹʲô
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ȻҲȴɳ˴ŷƤĻ˿Ÿͻ޽սݣһ·źڰ֮ȥ
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ǺڰɭֳһռطԲƽ鲼ֲֳľ޳ǡǰ񼶵ǿûָҪڰɭֳܲʮѡ
ڰĸ˿üͷں޵ɶǸħʦû뵽Ȼɳزûгɳɱ
ڰĸ˿Ҳ˵ţ治ʿǲ֮䣬ѾΪ񣬲ɳ˰Զڰ飬ʱŭѡ
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ĸԷʱ̴һַǿףЩ׵ķħסеϬޱȣǵĴ̿͸ոտͱЩֱӺ顣ҲǶ漶Ĵ̿ͣɱǶʮˣһЩװ
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˿ӿһ˿⣺ǿķ൱ħˣһᱡܹģռֱ£
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ڰһ˿ӸߵȾ֮Ⱦγɵһֻ塣ʱ֮УЩڰһΪˣҾͨŮ֮£Ϊ߳ڸλ棬ͬγһǿޱȵ
Ǻڰǿľǵ鱨Ϊλ涼ӵкڰĴڡһΪ˺ڰܹ׵ڰӵеĸ鱨ҲͼıڰĹؼ֮
ڲͬλӵвֻͬкڰһ屻Ů˿գĸλ棬Ķ˿Ůúڰһԭ
ܽȻһЦû⣡ĸ״Ѿ뵽ҪǺڰһһֱ֮ǿߡλãĸ״Ѿųȥˡ֮ػǿǺڰһᶨվһߣնɱЩ顣
΢΢һ㶣ӹһĨ֮ɫô͵˿kĵİգ鱨ƿػ˲𣡡
˿ȻǴλۺ鱨ҴһЩֱ֣ӲķŵĿֲȻԥĹͶ棬ûɣҲûнԸ


713 ҹĪŵ
һƬ޾ҹȫֵ֮һ޴
֮ڣһȼŵÿһ֮϶һŤ󰧺֮
һǴ˵֮еʹȼɵͨ˵ȼʮ겻ϨһϨǸ˵ҲͻɢΰҲ޷Ǹ
һͨŴ̶Ĳҽ֮֮лصš
Ǿ޴룬һźɫۣеȣΧһŤòͨü֮һ۾ƽҪСһЩɢһ˿˿âӡkǷλǿ֮һҹĪŵء
Īŵرֻһɱֹͨɱ֡һ֮Уһһκҹ׵ȻǺҹ׵һǰǺҹҿľӪһԾΪ˷λǿ顣
ĪŵȻպҹ׵Ϊǿ飬ǵkȴһ·ɱսλ˹ҲԵkɵ֡
ĪŵҲǺڰ֮ǿͷ
ǺڰаӪ֮УҹĪŵءŭ֮¹˹ءɱ¾֮Ǻڰͷ
Īŵ˫֮оҫһ΢飬ȻҶҵŮˣǴǾͱض̡
ڣΰĺҹף
һâҫһеȣòͨȺ֮иҲ鱨֮񱫶Īŵǰ΢΢Īŵһ
ڷλ֮У΢ǿ飬ֻҪǶԷūֻͣҪ΢΢񣬶Ҫ¹
Īŵ֮ûУ
Ϊһ̿ͳ飬ĪŵضԼĵʮСġϻŪ˵ĵϸ֮Żᶯ֡
鱨֮񱫶ͶĪŵ֮ǰ΢顣Īŵغķ˴ľԴŰΪ顣
յְǡ鱨ֻҪЩ鱨ڵkУkܹЩ鱨֮־溣Ҳ鱨鱨Խ࣬kܹݳĸ鱨ҲԽ࣬Խ׼ȷkҲǺҹΪصĲ֮һ
ΰĺҹףһõ鱨ʾǸԲ֮λ棬ʮ֮һսħĴ̫ϳ֮һһӵ״Ļһ۳ǿߣʱ֮л˲֮λľ콾ʵԲС
ı󶯡֪˿ŮˣȻҶ˿֡ضжԸĺСҽΰĺҹ÷˿п塣
鱨˿֮һkõĴ󲿷ֶǷλԼ֮λĲ鱨kһ鱨Ѿĵϸ˴룬ֱ졣ǡ鱨ְkĳ
ҹĪŵ˫֮âһ¶һЦݣԭıǴʮɵսħڣսħڵĻȷʵԽ˿ܣɱһսħھǻûǸ¡ݻսħڽŰɣ
һɫĹâǺҹ׵֮зɳʧããǿ֮С
ʮ֮ʮҳǧףͨʹᾧɣӡľ޴ɴҹ֮۴Ǻҹ׵֮зɳεɢſֲϢȥ
ʮҺҹ֮⣬һҾ綾֮ۡһҷ֮ۡ
綾Ůɯء֮񰣵ɶپǺҹĪŵµе顣Ҳֻеkܹӵ㹻Դ綾֮֮ۡսս
ҹףǺҹ׵֮ţ
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һ΢飬ֵõk֮𣿶Ҿ綾Ů񡢷֮񶼳ˣ

ããǳ֮УǺҹ֮źεϢһ½龪һǿޱȵĿⶼ˺ҹԼk֮֮ϡ
ʮҾ޴ľ޴ɴҹ֮ۺܿɵ˾ٹ֮ǿУһɫĹâҫһֻֻüӡһԺɫʹֳֳ֮ǹĺҹʹһҾ޴ĺҹ֮зɳ
ʹ龭ս֮󣬹Լ۱ߵս̩̹ʹõӢսʿֲ١
Щǿ鶼ʹ켼Ȼͷ֮Ѫ֮΢ȻûǸʹҲûǸԴʹ
ҹװĺҹʹںҹ֮пɵսڰսҲһֳԽͨʹǿսʹȻһҹʹģҲһͨʹϡ
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Ƿ֮УǷɳһĴ׳òͨʹһȦ˫ȴɢŷϢķʹЩʹһͶսͻ״̬ɱ¾ǵĵҲڷķӰ֮£
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ֲõkܹڶ̶ʱ֮ڣΪԭkǲ֮λʿ

һǿޱȵƬ֮н֯໥ݡԲ֮λ֮󣬾ҲûһԸ棬вԾԾԣҪ汻ɵ֮ǰͱһ
ڷλ֮ȻһЩӲ֮λݣʿĵ·ΪĴڡkҲԲϲλٴγһ֮λʿ顣
Ϊ֮λʿĵһ㶼ǲ֮λʿַλǰס
ߴʿʳʿʵѹ޾λʱ֮λʿѹһеѹһλķ֮⡣ʱ֮λλ涼ɳСֵʿӢǸλĹǸλ潨ͷ֮ȻŴ֡óóȻһλ棬Ǽֱ
λ߸ϵ֧λ֮ãȻԸΪǲ֮λʿū͡
û棬Ҳǰ֮
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鲼磬ҹĪŵصڽҿݣϣҲнҺܿĴ¶˿µݡ


714 ֮ս֮
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֮ڣĿ΢΢һӹһĨ֮ɫȻҪΧңЩϹﻹǲС
ǺҹĪŵһ˴ŵkĲԼ֮ŽʮİսԷȫ֮ڡ
ǺҹĪŵؾȻҪټλǰΧ棬ôʤδ֪֮ˡ
֮ڣ֮ĺҹĪŵؾҪ⣬¾֮УȻܡ㹻ķգŻӵ㹻档
ߣҹ죡
ǺҹĪŵط·𿴵۾ָһţǿޱȵĺҹӿ˲佫֣޾ĺҹ٣ȫڱΡ
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һЩŤ˸оʮֱŤ·ĳֽĦĴ̶һԴһͷϳŶǣһһŨѪ֮УɢһŻѪζӻĴ֮˳
ҹĪŵ¶һƻЦݣһ֣㣡æǵʤֶ༸֡Բ֮λλ顣˲Ը棬ôǾ͸ԻԼȴǲ֮λʿưɡ
ĺҹʹһɫʮҺҹս֮ڡ
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ҹĪŵԶĿһ۳ϵ̩̹ϵˣϧЩһĿǳԼ棡
ϵϵϵϵĴϵ֮Ҳӵǿеǿߡϵȴûһ֣ȻҪ⣬Ը֮ڶ
ҲһֳĬûĲⳡս
ѾϢǱƬǿգʹĵȴսʢ硣
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ϵϵϵ֮ϵӣkȻԸϵսϵ뿪սͻϡϵǿޱȣһȴʮɢûвkǵĴڣkǸս
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ҹĪŵһ֣ҹʹ·һֻֻɫĴһ㣬Ĵųһ·

֮ڣ˶ԵءԿյǿ̨ҹʹһӭıĹꡣ
һ֮䣬ҹʹǸֵڻ֮ķѣɢءʱʱһſʹ֮ĴЩĺҹʹ֮Ȼɳ֮ȥ
ĲȻɳһĨĨӰһ³Щҹʹ֮УնɱЩҹʹЩҹʹʹ֮ն顣ֻнЩҹʹʹ֮ն飬ǲ޷صҹʹءлָ塣
ǺҹʹԴԴϵķɳ֮ڣȻ󱻺顣
һɫĹâ֮зɳһ·ɵϵĻ֮÷˹ߣֳΣϵ֮ӵ֪ʶ֪ʶ֮˹
֪ʶ֮˹ʮּ̣ųַ֮нַ֣ή͵͵㡣۵˫ᱻ൱һ޽ħ֮н֣޷֮ļӳǿǶǵȴءû㹻֮ţҲĻеƺܴ󣡡
֮÷˹ǵʵᱻ٣
֪ʶ֮˹ᱻѹƣִΧּѷķѾ޴ЩΧϵҲή͵һΪֲĵز


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ûλ泱ϫʱڷֻҪ֮÷˹ȼһλᾧͷųȫԴݻһ˿ʮϵĴǡЩּĴΧ
ЩΧԭһ֮£˶λط򣬽֮ĳַγɵĿֲ
λ֮ӵеԽǿǷͬҲԽǿ
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һΰˮ֮÷˹֮ڣҲᱻ֮÷˹ɱֻͬΪջ淨֮÷˹֮вᱻ
ְͬ黥ΪУһҪԭǵkǿԻԷնɱԷ̫ܵ໥̲ҲܹõkǸĽɳ
֮÷˹¶һЦݣǾ㹻ˣĴ֮ȫԽȫѹսħҲԵסĴţǷλ棡
ȷԣɱ¾ʹҹʹʹ̩̹ϵսӢ׷׷֮ڡ
Ǿ綾Ůɯء֮񰣵ɶԼҹµڰ鶼֮ڡ
Ǿ綾Ůɯһ֮ڣһɫû˵kڣһȦȦɫľ綾⻷ԵkΪģ˷ɢȥ
ЩսĲսһɵ綾Ůɯصľ綾⻷֮ڣſķֶʱӿһ˿˿̹ⱻֱӸʴǸոշɵǾ綾Ůɯصߣͱȫʴһ̯Ķˮ
Щս˻ϲκζأǾ綾Ůɯصĸʴ̺֮ŷЩҲԵֵ
ڷλ磬綾ŮɯÿһУһܹһ֮еǻͳͳɱ
綾Ůɯصճʱ򣬾Ƕɱ˶ʮгһǧű׷ɱ󲻵òбںҹĪŵأΪ˺ҹĪŵŮ֮һŻ
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˿ܼ򵥣˵˾Բ򵥡Σյĵط֮һܹڲ֮λѹʿ뵽˹ȥ֮λЩʿʵۣ
֮Уеʿʵ۵ʣɫ΢΢һ䣬ж¶һ˿֮ɫ
֮λԴӰ˴ʿʵۺճ֮󣬳˳֮⣬ߴʿʵ۶ǹϵǿߡ
ЩԶʱǴʱѾڵʿʵۼǿߴʿʵ۽֣϶սܣ߱ѹֱ߱ɱ
ĳ֮Ҳͬһʱľ콾аܼѹʥʿ買ĳػʳ
һ뵽пܽΪʮ꣬ǼʮпܳһʿʵۣЩڰ鶼΢΢һȣ֮ϴⰻȻɢһޱȵʡ
˿һ˫̥Ůһ۵ѩɺҪ׼
ǣĸף
һԷ۵˫̥ŮŮڰ˫ŮѩɺӦ
ڰһ弫ΪŵǺڰһ֮гĺڰдŮڡЩŮǵk׸Լ֮дǺڰϵŮҲϷκÿһȦӣ֡
˫Ůѩɺ˿רĴŮרֺЩǿ顣ֻǿ飬ʸ˿˫ӴŮ
˿᲻ѩɺ̩̹ϵս֮׸궼Уk˾
̩̹ϵɽڡ
ǻƣһͷɫ̷Ŀ࣬òӢ䣬ɢһɰ֮񱴼ӿǱʧһصɽɫʮѿ
һɫĹâҫһźɫķԸУޱȣȴһַ·԰һиеľɫŮĸάǡ
֮񱴼˫֮ײޱȵĹâһһǾȻɱ̩̹ϵҲƹǵģ˭븶㹻Ĵۣ
ĸάǵҪҸһս𣿡
֮񱴼ӻ£ɽҪػ
ɽӵдĸǿأټɽ֮е飬Ӣ֮еӢ顣ΰɽҲᱻֻܡ
һɽûǿأôһʿǿ߶пǱɽ͵رɽŪ췭ظ
ĸά΢΢ͷ
֮񱴼һΣʱʧ
ûãһ֮񱴼սɽ֮зɳȥ
̩̹ϵ֮У֮񱴼൱ƹ˹ĵλkµʵҲԶԶս֮׸֮ϡ
ϵĹ˹֮ڡ
˹һ֮ڣĿԶ˫֮гأ׸꾹Ȼˣô÷˹ҲΣˣ
һǿޱȵһϵ
ϵЩǽ硢޾ԨһЩ֮̽յ֮⣬е鶼ӵ˹˹
һҾ޴սӸ֮зɳŹ˹ȥ
һ޾ɭ֣ɭ֮ӵѵһĳֲ룬ʮŸߴ׵Ļƽ
ǻƽ룬һף·˼ľ
Ǿһ֮ڣһɫװһͷҫޱȣͬɫٲ𷢣ĳʻƽͬӨѩûһ˿Ͼ˿ǡף·ľˡ
û˿Ȼ֮ȴȻ徣ɢŸ߹ʵľ˾ǾϵǿĪϣš
Īϣü΢΢һ壬ĬĬ׸꣬ˣȻܹõk䣡ǸĺǿܹĴǿΧ֮£ܹɱһǿ飬Ӧһսħӵеġ
Ĵǿ֣ɲֻеkˣǴӴޱȵ֮ţԼ
ǴʮŵǿﱻĴǿΧҲֻ·һչֳսԶԶ˷λ
Īϣ֮һĨǣĹǾһ岢ûж⣬ǿ£ͽύĶ󡣡
ĪϣǴ֮սеľǿ飬ҲһػΪĪϣŵĴڣһܹΪλĴ۹֮һڷλ深Ϣ
һȥտޱȵƽԭ֮һеľ޴룬һһʨһʨβɢһɰԵϢʨ񰢿˹
˹ǿգ˫֮һ˿âȻҽ̩̹ϵİ׸Ǽһɱˡkǵ죡kһҪ߳жһ򾡣
˹սûκιϵɱͳͳͬھźá
ս֮׸ˣ
ﻹΣգ
֮Ȼӵ˿ֲʵ˾ȣ

Щǿ֮еһĻһݣ
֮⣬ʹӢԼд鶼ڷĹ磬ֻôֻ֮һ˿˿
֮ڡ
ΰˣ
ɶȻˣ
Щ

ڰ׸ӢһӦ׸䣬˫۳˷֮УսȴᴩһһסյԴ
ڷսŵһĻΪ֮һ¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫ
ϣǡ̡Ѫ廯򼾿΢΢һΣһ³ɱ¾֮ı󣬷Χɱ¾֮
ɱ¾֮ɱ¾黯ĵ·ʮϣֻҪɱ¾֮ټ黯ܹܿΪǿ顣
ͽа¿λһλǻΪԴȪ֧滯ǿڡ


720 ɱ¾֮
ɱ¾֮ȼʮֹĳһͷ­ֱǶֱ֮жһģһǿɱ¾䵶kӶšɱ¾䵶һĨĨײޱȵĵ⣬ӲĽ˵Ĺס
ֲĳӿɱ¾֮ڵ򵶹ҫǵ֮еһж÷顣
ң
ĴǿߵΧɱ¾֮ѾƴȫȻȫƣһ֮Ͷһϸϸ˿ڣͬʱѪ廯Ѫ֮ܲ£˿ڼϡƵõk֮
ɱ¾֮ʱܹ֮ǿס˵ΧkҲԼԲܳʱĵס˵Χ
Ǳõɵս֮ϣս
ҹĪŵطס
׷ˡˡԶʥս׷ǺҹĪŵأļս˵֮·ΧźҹĪŵء
ҹĪŵǿǿʩչҹһƬַԲϵĺҹ
Ǻҹ֮УҹĪŵȫ˲Ƶκһط
֮ڣħϡų󲿷ֵĳ򡣺ҹĪŵؾķӴʩչҲֻܹʩչһƬַԲʮĺҹ
Ǻҹһ־ͻᱻǺҹ׿ƵģŵkķѺս
޴ڣǿ鶼Ϊ֮ɵȫӡס˺ҹĪŵΪٶԼֹޱȵõkǳ׷ˡˡԶʥս֮ʱȫơ
ҹĪŵءɱ¾֮֮÷˹ǿ鶼ڲϵƶڵ
ǿӵ˷˼ĳֻ֪Ҫס;Բᱻ׵ĺС
ǿ飡ĿǰսҪСʱܹƽ֣ɵһǿ顣ûʱˣֻܹôˣ
Ļ΢΢һһ³һѨ
һӰ΢΢һ߮ıһ´ǶѨ֮֮ڡ
һ֮ڣһУ칭һ³С
֮ĳȡھŸСע칭֮ڣһ̺޾֮Ŀֲʸ칭֮ۡ
˫Ȼҫޱȵӡת㷨һ˿˿˵Ϣ֮
һ貵Ĺâ칭֮з
Ƿ·̺žŸֲѹļʸͬһ㼤˺ǳգһУŻԵɱ¾֮ȥ
ɱ¾֮ոճѪ󹫾һ˺һһֻʸ˵kǰ
ɱ¾֮һŭ𣬷ȼڵkǰռһŤһصٲռ䡣
һɫĹâһٲĿռ֮ϣͬٲӵĿռ䲻һ㣬׵Ĺᴩٲռ䣬һɱ¾֮֮ڣɱ¾֮һ¶˵ϡ
Ȼɱ¾֮ڣĳȡŵk
ѪҺˣ
Ѫ󹫾һЦһնɱ¾֮֮ϣնһ޴ѷ졣
ƬɫѪɱ¾֮Ѫ󹫾ĻС
Ѫꡢĳλ淨ľ󻯣ϣҲŵر
ͬɱ¾֮ǿһѪһͨķգһͨķ˾ͻ̥ǵԼʶ
һѪ󹫾ĻܹʮǿѪпܴѪһٽΪѪĿֲڡ
ϣһץɱ¾ֱ֮Ӵӵk˳
ɱ¾֮һ䣬Ƿλ֮Уһصɱ¾̻֮֮ڣɱ¾֮һһѣеɱ¾֮ͽֵķ֣ҲӦɱ¾֮һС
ɱ¾֮ˣ
ÿٶȣ
ǿ£浽ʲô

֮⣬Щ鶼ڲϵĲ²š
ɱɱ¾̡֮֮Ѫ󹫾ϣǡһΣһ³˺ҹĪŵߣĹźҹĪŵء
ҹĪŵǺҹ֮е֮⣬ǷλҹkͿɵǺҹֵķΧ֮ڴ
ʥʿǿߣûпƺҹĪŵصرǺҹ֮УҲɱҹĪŵءͨǿڣںҹ֮ҹĪŵؽ֣ҲԻʧܣв䡣
ҹĪŵǺҹ֮ǿĴ̿ͣǵkһֱڰʿǿҲͷۡһǵkʮİգǿ飬kǵ֮ɱ֮ڣҪɱkܡ
ҹĪŵҫȼһɫĵ⣬նЩ֮ϣӲնһǧ׵Ŀռ䡣kǿǧ֮ڵĿռתۣ˲ƣͷ溣սս
̵Ĵ溣ֲǿһսҹĪŵصƶռʱϵѹȣҲܿ˺ۡ
ҹĪŵס֣棡ҳһˣһѺڰһ͸㣡˿ǸŮ˲򵥣Բô򵥾ͳ㡣ҿ԰㣬ѹˣǻԽˣԸΪѣ㹲ͬˣ
Ȥ飡ϧڰаĳŵܵ棡ԣ㻹ɣ
汾һʮƿĻָħҩͬһ޴УϵħͳͳɻңӴޱȵħܷ׷ûڡ
칭Խ󣬶帺ҲԽҪ۳شǿļʸ˾ŸСҲһСĸ
¡
ʱ΢΢һĽ֮϶һһ޴֮
ҹĪŵ˫֮һĨ˷ܣȼǵԮˣ棬ˣǵԮˣߣ£ǿԼ̣򣬽ڣ
ҹĪŵزһеȼkķӴᾧʧõk˿ֲޱȵ
ǧ׵ķΧ֮ڣǺҹĪŵƶӰԼȵkնɱǿߡ
ǿֲ֧֮£ЩҹĪŵնɱǿ߲ϱɱȻĹ̵Ĵ溣ܣƴ˵
ҹĪŵ˷񣬾֧Ų˶ãһʱ䣬kᾧͻᱻĴkҲֻҪȡһʱ䣬֧ŵϱkܹһ


721 ǿ
濴ǻһɫҹ⣬ǧ׷Χ֮ڲϴŵĺҹĪŵأһս칭֮ĳȡŵkھŸС֮
һ̺ſֲ֮ļʸ칭֮γɡ
Ҫ
ҹĪŵһ̺ſֲ֮ļʸһĨ־壬ҽе
һɲ֮䣬̺žŸ֮ļʸȻźҹĪŵȥ
ɶ񣡸ҵס
ҹĪŵһŭ𣬷ȼһӣһǿġҹ֮ܡȻ֣˵kǰ
ǡҹ֮ܡһһŷ·ܹһеĺҹУת
̺žŸ֮·ܹᴩһ磬ѹһе˵칭ʸһûǺҹ֮УһһĴǺҹ֮УԵʮֵļѡ
һƬտޱȵ֮УһεǼսڹâһһޱȵĹ˲ǺҹĪŵص֮ϡ
ҹĪŵص˲ʧǧ֮һƬҹ֮Ѹٵۡ
ҹĪŵظո۳壬һīĶʹ֮һ´˵kؿ֮ڣĶʹ֮ײȼգŵkѪꡣ
ɶǾ֣Ҳɱң
ҹĪŵطһʵ֮һѪҫkͷ­Ѫ廯һն䡣
ǡҹ֮ܡһµ˵ϣ칭ļʸһ⣬һ´˺ҹĪŵصڡ
һ̣ŷҹĪŵصͽʧȥkϵһѿ
ǺҹʼһǽϢľ޴Ѩ֣Ǿ޴ޱȵĺҹȫɡ
֮⣬ʮսϵµ֮ŷ׷ӿʩչԵĺ硣
̩̹ϵ֮񱴼ӰȻվһս֮ϣĿϵ񹥻硣
˹һʥĹâվ֮񱴼ӵǰӣңֹ磡
֮񱴼Ц˹ⲻһ΢СһϵһСһʧ
ϵ̩̹ϵϵǷλϵϵԼϵҪܹkǿ⡣
ϵ̩̹ϵڼǰ֮սУɱݣ𡣾޽Լڷλ汣ֺƽתλ淢չ⼸䣬ڷkͬɱݡ˫֮ĹϵȻΪӡ
˹΢ǿķѵᾧѾͨǿ顣ϣɲͨǿܹͷŵĽ硣
ѪѪ󹫾ı֮нɻ˴ᾧݡݡݸʿŵı֮ͬɻ˴ᾧӵеᾧ˿λ澫ϵҪڶʱ֮ڹ磬ʥʿǿ߳֡
֮񱴼ӵƾʲô㣿
˹֮Ե޽ĺƽԼֻҪҾȳ÷˹ҲԴӦ㣬ڱ֤Լİȫ֮£ȫһ¡ǿڵ޽ڤԼ
֮񱴼ӲЩĶԹ˹ֻҪkϵ֣λ漸ûʲô첻ɵ顣
֮񱴼ӵϵãҴӦ㣡
˹һĨϲɫȻ޾ķŭ֣Զȥ
ֻããǿ֮Уһŷ·ȼ޾ǳȻ֣ҫķһ޴ǽ綴Ѩǳ󣬽Ǿ޴ǳȫɡ
֮÷˹ˣ
̫ײˣǿ飬ˣ
ǿ£
ǿµĵط
ǿ䣬ҲζöǿУܿͿԴһʵ˵ϵ

һڸص鿴Զǽ編ɻ֮÷˹һŸӵͷ
֮еҲȻ򿪣¶ӿݣ鲼ֲкϢս
Ľһ򿪣ϵ̩̹ϵĿûһ˸ҽС
ʱ֮ڣһ´һɺޱߵϢһ˿˿ǿĿֲ֮ڴ
ڽǿ
棬ڽǿ
Ѿûֹܹǿˣ

֮УЩǸӦͷųϢһһĨ֮ɫ
ǿǿλڷλ涥Ŀֲڣÿһʵǿޱȣᾧȼյ֮£һǿֵܹ溣ǿߵΧ
һǿԹһ˴һ֮ڣԾԷɱ
֮սУͬǿ鴳е֮ڣ޴ĴۣԷɱ
ǾϵҲֻһǿӻѾþΪλĴ֮һǷλ֮У󲿷ֵ鶼ԼܹΪǿ飬ܹ쵽ȴ޼
ʱ֮ϵȻ˶ܹĿ룬Ȼһ֮ϣ˫֮µӡһ˿˿ǿ֮л
ǰվǴšʹװסϣǣֳֶʹ֮ȻԶȥͬһǿޱȵػ
˹˫ƽ޲ȴ¶һ˿ŭɫǿǽȥһս
ڴʱѡΪǿϵ̩̹ϵǲǿֻܹ֮һս
֮Ѿǿ飬˹֮񱴼ʵԶͨǿȴҲ׽Уһս
֮񱴼Щϧһ̾Ȥϧǵkһȥkһս
κ̶ѨûоԵƣ̤ս
ǿλ֮У޵еĴڡʿǿߣkҲܹһս㲻УҲȫˡ
ǿ֮ڣѾ֤ضпֲΣյĵط
˹棬÷˹񻹸ңϵ㲻ݣ
֮ڣ÷˹ȻУǾͲܻ㡣ϵҲݣôϵͳͳȥˣǾܹ׵նϳˣ


722 ʥսǰϦ
֮񱴼Ŀһۣ΢΢һΣһһս֮ϡ
һâҫս̩̹ϵɽȥ
֮ڣϵǿڵֿ֮񱴼ԸƴһеͶһս
֮ڣʱѾƽ˾е֮ŶѾѹֲֿޱȵս֮񱴼ʮֵļɵ
˹ܺã棬ĻҼסˣЩʿͳͳλ棬ͬǰʿһǷλ棬Բᱻ
㣬˹
Ļһ䣬˫۽գΧᾧѪɱ¾֮֮ڵַ
ϵ֮УҪǿ˵Ҳѣ˵Ҳ򵥡ͨеҪΪǿʮ궼δֻܹҪӵһöǿ񣬲ӵ㹻ᾧͽһ΢ܹɽΪǿ
Ҫһöǿ񣬾ͱɱһǿĴڣѶȼߡĸλ棬һöǿ񣬶ۣǿĴ
ӵǿִս֮нɻ˺ᾧܹ˳Ľǿ
˹֮Ķ棬ջ΢΢һΣԼսԼȥ
һĿⶼֻܹĿޱȵϢϱǿǿȥ
ЩҸǿĴڶѾɱǷλ֮УûһϵܹѹһС
Ī˹۹֮Уһ޴죬չֳ񼣡
ʥսͣʥսʽʼˣ
ʥս֮УǺԭˣ

֮ڣЩ֮еĴһɫȻ䲼µ͡
͵֮£ɢһɸζĪ˹۹ڿʼȫתͬһͷѵսһ㿪ʼս׼
һޱȵǹĪ˹۹֮ڣ˽̻ѡУʳɫʥְ֮ϡ
ЩʳɫʥְǱǹһգʵʱԼμѸٵ󲿷˶ͻƽΪ˴漶ǿߣֱһ죬Ϊ˰
̩̹۹֮ڣͬһâҫ
ʥսͣʥսʽʼˣ
̩̹۹սʿ٣һ֮ڣ̩̹۹սһ·
һɫĹâ̩̹۹֮һʳɫսʿϣЩսʿǻЩɫĹâʵʱҲ׷ͻƴ桢֮
ǺųƷλǿ۹սȫתһֲֻֻľӿʼԭ֮ؿ
һȺǿ֮вҵĶ֣ʹӷս𣿿ϧսǾ͸ҵĶˡ
֮УͨڤڤķԼͽҰ鿴ŷλı仯΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮Լս񲻵ֱӲ֡Լߣͻַܵ
֮Լλ֮ϵ顢ڰӪǩЭ顣κΥַܵ
֮ԻԼΪʵ̫ǿԾ綾ŮɯΪǲԼkһȫֻҪʮܹ꣬λ淲еȫ
ڷλڷλķ֮ϡλ滹ӵͽλ淨Ĺϵλһͽṩܹ֮ǿλһͽ֮൱
һһڷλ񣬵kڷλͽٵһĵز֮󣬵kͻʵkλӵٶͽҲ޷ֹkʵջᱻ΢زȻλͽ֮Ӳдһǿ飬ǿҲ֮𽥷ֽ⣬;ԡ
Ǻԭ֮УɪҲʼѸٵĵǲʼ˵۹֮еսʿǰ׹Ҫ
׹ҪλںԭĪ˹۹̩̹۹紦һսҪأֻй׹ҪĪ˹۹̩̹۹ֱܹ룬ԭ֮ڣͻиܵеΣա
滹Ƿ֮ʱںԭɵʱҲѾչΪһΪ׹
׹ĹǸ߾ǳ֮ϵ棬ڹҵתǽԪϻ֡Ǵ׹˵۹ڷұۣҲڵһʱ䷢սܶԱѸٵĿʼս׼
֮֮⣬һҫһҳϢȫεһսȻ֡
˿ˣ
Ǵһɫ¶Ƭѩ׼°ȫһ˫޳ȣ޾ףɢ޾ջϢ˿һЦ֮гȻ
˿ıϰǾɫˣ°һֻ֩Ŀֲkȫʹ񼶱ȫΪ̬̬kһʵŮǵºҲǴࡣ
˿ƾ񼶱ԼȻһɶλĸߵȾҽһߵȾµһֻջ䣬ɺڰ壬ӵ˷λ档

Ȼ򿪣¶һ޴ĶѨ
һɫĹâҫһҷֱӷǾ޴ĶѨ֮ڡ
һɫĹâһǷ֮ϣǣǷ۽һԡ
ɯأ
˿һӷ֮߳Ϳһ֮ϴųūȦһɫƤ£ԵŮӭǰʱһڵkǰŮǾ綾Ůɯء
˿Щò欵ĺڰϵŮǶںĴž綾Ůɯ֮г֮ɫ
綾ŮɯǺҹĪŵصŮˣеǿ飬ĪŵŰ裬˷ǺڰϵŮǶǰȥ̷ҹĪŵأٰѡڿǸ߸ϵľ綾Ůɯõһӭ͵ı΢ūЩڰϵŮǳԽС
綾Ůɯ֮һĨľ֮ɫŮ񹧹һŮˣ
˿΢΢һǰյľ֣һɣһڵϣϡıʯǸ֮ϡ
˿Ӹµĸž綾ŮɯЦ֣һſŵļ
ǣŮˣ
綾Ůɯ֮ӹһĨ֮ɫ˵ϣһſŵĽЩڷÿһŶֵǵϡʯݸ˿


723 ˿
Ĳɯأ
˿ӹʯɯص¶һԽеЦݡ
ɯ֮ӹһĨĹâʹͷллŮ˵Ŀ佱
˿һڰϵŮһۣһɣָĶ˵ϡ
ܽȻһЦǵһԵһָ
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Դַ֮ǺԭͳΪоĶ̽Ǳ˺ԭ֮н顣
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ӵжһתսֵĿֲƣǴ˵֮еķԼʮһͷټһͷǿʿϹźǰҲᱻɵ
һͷϹźž޴۶ź׵޼ҪļƷ׼𣿡
׼ˣŰˣΪ׼ġ
ոս뻳Уһ貵ĹâһԴըѿһͷʬ̱ڵϡ
ָɵһһǺ˷ܲѣ̫ˣ׹Ҫ֮У˫ۼӳӥ˷һЦۺɫͷеǿ泬Զ˹ѻڣ΢΢һΣ˺ڰ֮С
ǺһǶʮһͷԼϹǿʿϹźŰһΣ׷һѪԪܵشͬʱǻعĴҲʧ
岢׵ǩԼΪһǩԼ䣬ӵԼľҲܵشʧԪЩӵƾõȻԸͨǩԼ
Ҳǻһ֧˾޴Ĵ۲̰ĺһǩԼȻÿһٻЩ̰ĺҪ޴Ĵۡ
ǺһǶʮһͷǩԼֱӱԼɣˡ
ĸ˹ڻһƬֲޱȵĻһǶʮһͷǸո⵽ɵĶʮһͷһ±޴ѪǷޱȵĿֲƬ˿޷ֵ˹ǹ
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ǿ̹ڿһתһڵһºͷ񼶵̫ź֮Ͻͷ̫źըķѡ


727 
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ȴһ֣Щ˾µĵˡԨħûô£Ҳǿĵƣ
ʱĪ˹۹Ӫһâҫʮ߸ߴףӡɢŰľˡ
һ߸ߴǧףɢ޽ӽ΢ӡĪ˹۹յƾҲĪ˹۹Ӫ֮վ
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֮о޴ıը֮ڶװֱ·ɽͬʱһųϢ·
Щսʿ㴩ǿϢУͬһ˲䱻ʴһ߾߹ĸʬ
¶ȥݻһžڣҪܵĻᣡ
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ֻšɫ籩İŮսʿһһͷԶԼͷ
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룬ɱ¾֮֮ڡ
汾Ĵ֮ϣѩɺԼʮڰ塢һľŮǹһԣΪĦȡˮ
黯ɱ¾Լҹ׵ĺҹ
ͨǿ˵kֻдԼյְͷ򣬲һ˿ϣΪΰĿֲڡ
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ѩһĨ磬ԳһЦĶᴵһޱȵ磬òҺôÿֻǵʱǽ㿴𣿡
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̸֮лҲ̸ͬһ㣬ҪĶǣֶΣÿһ涼ؽϡ
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729 𾪵Ļһ
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ռ΢΢һŤһѪһ³һޱȣħŨ޽ž洦ɼһʿռ֮С
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һսħλʿţһԷλʿţ˫ڸԵ֮£໥ӣʮ΢
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սħλһĵλ棬ԴḻޱȡǴӲ֮λ˻սħʿͬ١»ʿʿĵԴΪӴǵĵսħλ汾ʿǵԴ˫Ȼ˳ͻ
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730 սħ֮
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һξΪŭ֮ġĹ԰ĵӾսսħŻᷢͻд跨ķʽս
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һŮеòӢʲһۿȥɢ»ʿ۷ĿֲϢŮĴһɫޱȵĹװʤѩüĿ续һ˫ڰ׷˫˽ţһĿͻᱻ
ѩһɫװŮӣʱɫ䣬ʧ׳ڣȻ׳ڵʿ
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΢΢һЦûʦþһһɫţ˵֮λܲһţֱʦܺʯѩʦã֪ܷһǶ˵ķɣ
ʯѩսħ֮һĴ档ʯѩǻʵĳţһ·ͻͽûʲôƿҲԼŬսħʧȥϵ֮ǰѾΪ»ʿѹ֮λ콾
ЩսħλʿȻһĸȴҲʮ֮λʿ콾ԲǼ򵥵Ľɫܹѹǲ֮λʿ콾ʵǿޱȣС
ƼҲһڴĿžѩ㣬³ս⡣Сͱ˳֮ΪţҲȷʵͬһҫ۶Ŀһ·ɽףѾΪʿг˰Ȼʯѩʮֲ
ѩ֮ӹһĨ֮ɫʦܡʯѩʦö֮ӣǵƯҲϵǡһǳսսħڱضܹʤŭ֮ġĹ԰ĵӡ
ؽޱȵʦ㣬ʦܡʯѩʦʺ磬սȷʵսħδ֮ǡǽ»ʿʱϾ̫̣սδǵĶ֡
ʯѩӵа˼ϵȵʣʼֱ졣սħڣûӵʡ
ؽȻޱȣȴҲ潫ĳɾͻԶԶ֮ϡڣȴսʤ棬Ͼ»ʿ֮Ѿһʮꡣһʮ֮УͬʮŬûиһ졣
ڣ˻ʦ֮⣬ǶĶ֡
һռŤһŮȥΪʿҲŤĿռ֮˳źɺ׿һܷ硣źɺһؽĻ̲סڷ
׿һܷҲ΢΢ͷźɺһͬ˾ѩߡ
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źɺжһĨŭɫųؽŭĿӡ
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ѩüͷ΢΢һ壬һѿĳĬ֮С
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ǳؽԶ»۷ĿֲڣǻƼӵ׳ڵΪʵԶԶźɺ֮ϣǼȥԵþѩЩȡ֡
źɺųؽˣҲһĨ֮ɫȻţɱϾʱ̫̣ؽǵʵǲ̫Զ
棬ʦ֣
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˵ע֮£һɵ˾ѩ΢Цʦ㣬ˡ
ѩɵϯӣȥʯѩʱҲ棬˫Ľ鲻̫ϵȴϾˡ
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ѩĿһۣ΢ЦʦܣԸսħڳսŭ֮ġĹ԰ĵӾս
浭Ը⡣


731 ɱؽ
սħλĶʿһֵʱĿ㼯ϣһĿ⡣
ӵа˼ϵȵʣͻ˽޵飬սħڲ֪飩ʿԽΪʿ溣Ҳǲܡ
ʱ֮Уʿ콾սħڣսħλʿҲ˶ʮֳݡ
ЩսħλʿҲϣսħڹϵδ֮ǣ֧սħڵǲ֮λ汾ˣЩսħλʿǶĸоЩ΢͸ӡ
ؽ˫֮ޱȵս⣬ǰ̤һʦܣǳؽ»ʿ۷Ϊдһ·
ʦִӦ
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ʦ֣Ǽʶһı£

Χʿһ¶һ˿˷֮ɫսħλ滹ǲ֮λĵǶ˷ܽе
սħдԵʿʱ֮ѹʿ콾ЩսħڵʿǲŻ˷ܣҪʶһʵ
΢΢һЦȻˣؽʦ֣Ҿдһ·ˡ
ؽϲһΣһֱӷǴ󾺼֮ڣһ˷ܵĿ档
ؽʮ츳ҪʿʮѡսȻˣվбϵһ졣ܹ滹СʱʤһΣͿԳΪҫһʱ
ǰ̤һ΢΢һģҲǴ󾺼֮ڡ
ʦܣСˣ
ؽһȣĬģתսħطһ׺ɫսħȫס壬һ˿˿񱩡Ϣ֮лޱȵսħ໥ӳģ·Ϊһֲսħ
ؽһſһر֮һ³У֮γһϣһ˿˿淨ǡ֮
ؽһӽһף̺ſֲ淨򣬷·նյŤĿֲϯ
߾֮еΣ
˲𣬳ؽʦֲС񣬾Ȼܹ߾Σ

һԵսħڵǿһ޴ޱȵĻһ˫֮ж¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
߾սħ֮еһǿĻϵط̫ڵļվҫطҲֻѷ߾Ҫ۳Σͨ˵Ҫʱ⡣
濴һε߾𵭵һ䣺ε߾𣬲
һ̣ε߾˲佫ɡ
ʦܣ
ʦ֣

ڳսħʿǶ˲ɫ䣬ʧеؽ߾ǿȴûǿһ»ʿᱻɱĵزÿһ»ʿط߾Ĺ
һ߾ȫɣʿҲܵش䡣
ڳսħʿǶʮսħδȻ߾ɣȻ˴󾪡
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ѩ΢ЦƤһ㣬ղҲһ
Ƽ֮һĨһš
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䣡
ؽһϣһʵʮط޷֮ǹޱȵӡһֻܹЦ䡣
һָؽϵӡһ·ɳ۳ΪһźС
ӡһʧؽ͸оԼٴλָ
ؽһĨ֮ɫԵ̾ʦܣķʱѹ콾Ĺ
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ΧսħڵʿǶ˷ޱȣ˽Ժ
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ԡƼҲ΢΢һΣһǾŲŹ֮ڷȥûǾŲŹ֮ڡ
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ŲŹ׿һսħڵ洫ÿҲֻܹķѺĹ׽һΡҲֻµʿܹС
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ѩһ뵽ǿֲĽٶȣҲһĨ֮ɫЩӵĻȷʵܡ
ǾŲŹĲĹâ֮Źһҫܷһ´Ź֮зɳ
ܷΧһۣӹһĨ֮ɫǵһ𣿿ɶԭҵʵ
ܷɳ֮ûãźɺ׿һҲδǾŲŹ֮з˳


732 սħ
һ̤ǾŲŹ˫һһƬռƽԭ֮ڡ
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澲ʿȻ֣ʮǿպڵʿʩչĸֹɱط֮ϣ֮֮һ
ʿǿޱȵƾͿ죬ͨǿʿķֻܹЩʿûкľʿ֮ǰ޷˺Щʿֺ
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ϸĸڵı仯΢΢һЦһ䡣
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ʮǿպڵʿһƬ㳡֮һٴˢ³ǿ۷ʿ
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ѩҲһ䣺棬ӦڵʿƼʦܹɱڵʿ˲𣡡
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Ź߲ѾųޱȵĹâսħڵĸմ½ܹŹ߲ͷų貹â
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ѩ֪ӵа˼ϵ֮󣬾ֻ֪Ҫһţսħڵ֮һȴû뵽ôѾʿҵ˾ŲŹ߲㡣
ŲŹ߲ˣ
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˭ĵӣô죬Ȼ˾ŲŹ߲㣿

һɹǿޱȵ־һŲŹڵЩսħŵһΪϹǵĿһŲŹڵ
棡һӵ״ӣǶ˾ŲŹ߲㣡
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ɶȻǻһǸϹ״ӣǿɶΪʲô

һǿޱȵ־Ƭ֮лصЩսħλ澭Ӫʵһ˲ڳ˵֮вµǾŲŹ֮е߲˭
ǾŲŹâһؽһ´ǾŲŹ֮зɳ
߲㣿棡Ȼִ˵߲㣬ҺĲô𣿡
ؽһǾŲŹ֮зɳתǾŲŹȥһ۾ͿǾŲŹ߲ų貹âɫʱһףӿһ˿ʡƴȫǿ˵Ĳ㡣
ؽɳ֮һâҫҲǾŲŹ֮з˳
ؽ;һۣĿǾŲŹ֮ϣĶǾŲŹ
ǾŲŹȻâһƼǾŲŹ֮зɳһ԰׵žŲŹȥ
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һĿҲ˷۶ЩսħڵʿǶʮֺ滳Ƽϵսħλһɫʿŵ׵ִ˵ڼ㡣
ƼҧĶǾŲŹ֮г˲ģ㣡
㣡Ҳ㲻ˣ
㣬ᣬһӦÿԳ㣡

ЩڻƼϵһ˿˿ǿ־¶һ˿˿ʧƼܹϾŲŹ㣬սħ֮ҲѾšȴܹѹһ޵еľš
սħԭǿĴڶԻƼԺϣܹɳΪһ溣ܣʿĿֲڡϣԽȻʧҲԽ
ƼʮĸоΧı仯΢΢һҧĶǾŲŹ
ûãǾŲŹڰ˲һޱȵĹŹ֮Ŷҫ۶Ŀ֮
ڰ˲㣡ڣ˵ִڰ˲ˣ
սħڵһ˵ִڰ˲㣡
ǣ̫ˣ
սħڿ

Щǿ־һӦǾŲŹ֮ڶ貹һ˷ܡ


733 ϾŲŹھŲ
ڰ˲㣡찡ʦ֣Ȼִ˵ڰ˲㣡ǰ޹˵ļ¼
ǰ˼ϵ츳ĹＶţ̫ˣ
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һâԶŲŹĸЩսħڵʿǿǾŲŹڰ˲ų貹âһ¶˷֮ɫ
մ½֮ϣһâҫЩսħڵʿǶ߸ǿǼ֤սħʷʱ̣Ȼǰ
ǾŲŹŵ貹âӸ΢΢һ̾ڰ˲㣡ŲŹڰ˲㣡ǣ뼵ʣʲʦܵʵֻѾԽˡ
սħλսħһʱĴʦ֣Ҳսħľ֮һһĸš
Ѿӵа˼ϵ츳潫ᳬԽȴ벻ô졣
ѩЩӦþǴ˵֮еλ֮еһ˵ӵоʿʵ۵Ǳ
νλ֮ӣһܵλ汾Դ־谮һλĵĴڡλ֮ӳˣһǾرӵԵʥرͶһ·һ˳
Ȼλ֮Ӳ޵еĴڣͬҲ䡣ʿʵ֮λЩʿ콾ÿһԳ֮Ϊλ֮ӣkǶǳ֮еţ֮еĹʿʵ֮λ֮УȥֻǿһܹΪʿʵۣ޵Уѹλ档
Цʿʵۣô򵥣ܹϵھŲ㣬򣬸ûϣΪʿʵۡʷϣŶ緱ǣλ֮ӶţëܹΪʿʵ۵ģҲֻǰΰĴڡսħоŲŹǿʿͬҲУиǿرܹϾŲŹڰ˲㣬ȷʵ˲𣬲Ҫӵвʿʵ۽ʸ񣬻ԶԶ
ѩһᣬҲ΢΢ͷͬ⡣
뾰ѩ㶼ʿĶսħڵĸֵ伮ͬҲǰλĶ伮ǶʮսħΰʿҲֻһʿʥʿǡҪΪһʿʵۣΪѡ
Ų㣬ھŲˣ
ϵھŲŹˣ
Ų㣬ھŲ㣬Ȼܹϣ

ǾŲŹھŲһųޱȵĺ⣬սħλضΪ֮ɫ䡣
Ǹմ½֮Уӡһĳȡսħλ
ûãǸմ½Ͽһ»γһħУûǾŲŹ֮ڡ
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ʥʿ˵սħڽԵһʥʿ

һǿޱȵ־ǾŲŹΧڹ˷ܺڴ
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ǽͨλ֮УҲֻЩӵʥʿػλû˸⶯ԡ
ʿʵۼǿ֣߳һӵʥʿػλ棬һʥǿҲʥʿػλ棬λһʵСʥʿڱλش߻ɱһʥǿߡ
ǽͨλ֮УЩʥʿǿǻ϶Լλ֮У뿪Լλ档һʥʿǿһ뿪Լλ棬пܱʥʥʿǿ߻ɱ
ǽͨλ֮УҲֻЩӵʥʿӻ屻֮Ϊϵ壬ûʥʿӻǱ֮Ϊµ塣
սħܹһʥʿǿߣԳư֮λ棬һǿޱȵʿ
ǾŲŹھŲ㣬汳һֺɫɺ£ڵʿʩչַȥ
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ڵʿһָһɺȻһ·Ǵ󣬷·ݻγһֲ磬ڵʿȫɡ
ڵʿһɣһɫϢûڣꡣ
ڵı仯΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ŲŹȻȻҰɵ˲𣡹һ㣬սħλֵˡ
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һ֮̾Ƭռ֮һâҫһһͷɫһɫɼʳӳƬռ֮С
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ǰһӾսħڵĿʦﳾӡ
ﳾ΢Цʲô֣
档
棬ܺãܹھͽʿһڵʿȻkǶʵԶʿҲ֤ȷʵʵľšӵнʿʵ۵Ǳ
֮ʱùҽʿʥأ֮λĵ硣ǲ֮λʿʥءǿƣӵʥʿפءͬʱӵߵż
һߵżȻǰ֮λر磬ʥһͳر磬˴
֪Լʵ̽ѰһߵżûٴǰżĻҲлǰһߵżһ̽Ѱҽʿʵ۵
ﳾӴһӣһӡƴĺɫӣǺ֮һɫӵĹرԼһƽƽȥ
ﳾ΢Ц׿ָǰǸżװžŲŹЩγɵŹҺһܹ۳һΣÿһŹҺһ溣ڶʱڻָͬʱҲǴĶҲսħλز
˫΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫһ½ӹ׺ŹҺлʦ棡
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ﳾ΢΢һ̾һ±ʧ
ŲŹڵﳾӽֻһ˿󣬽һ֮󣬱ٴ˳֮С


734 ¡ӭ
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֮λر֮УǿǴԼ
Լ֮УǿҲ溣ܣһʿĴڶûпһֱʮֺ档
ԼȻӵеۼرѹˣʥʿҲԹǵĻʶڻʶ֮⣬ĴǿƿصۼرҲЩʥʿǿߵĶ֡
֮λǿԵߵĳһλ棬ĿǰΪֹЩаλ桢Ѫλ桢ľ޳λǿλ֮ʥʿĿֲڶûнٲ֮λ棬ȻЩ
֮λʿľڵ磬ǾͿǽͣΪʲôλʥʿĿֲڲٲ֮λ档Ϊλʥʿǿһٲ֮λ棬вͻᱻ֮λʿ֮еʥʿֱѹ
ʥʿĿֲǿߣһĴڣkǶһ֮ǿߣ֮еĹkǵÿһֶϣһѪҺ̺֮ŵɱһʿ
ûоЭ̣һʥʿһһʥʿĵ̣һʥʿԲŹɱԷĻᡣ
浭һЦйâһ׺ŹҺֱպãûйϵûдﵽ֮ǰҲ硣
ڲ֮λر磬ͬӵż޾ԴܹȫϣҲ˽Ϊʿʥʿ֮
ȻԴḻޱȣҲͬƣǿꡣԼûдﵽ֮ǰ硣
һâҫǾŲŹһųһ˿˿ҫޱȵİɫâγһɫ·ȥ
ʹǰɫĹ·֮л˳
һޱȵĹâҫʮɢſֲȫеϵĿֲһ½٣ǰ
ʮɢſֲսħλ֮еʮǿػΪ˶ǿ顣սħ¾Ӫĵ̡
ǿټʮе飬սħλ֮УǴλ濪˾㾡ȫҲδع¡ϾȻƣҪѹĵطҲࡣ
սħ̫ϳ𶨣棬ʿˣ
Ϊһĸߴͷŭʨü֮һöӡɢǿĿӶ
ʮսħ̫ϳҲĶ棬֮гڴ֮ɫ
ǾŲŹսħڵѾ֪˶꣬Ȼû˵ǶھŲ㣬Щ溣ܷһֲ֮ȻµóϾŲŹھŲҪʲôΪ
ֻǶ̶̲꣬Ѿʿʵ̫죬Щսħڵ̫ϳҲòٴγȷϡ
ûѾʿ
һʮսħڵ̫ϳһһг֮ɫ
ʿɲ塣ѪѪֻҪ㹻λѪѪܹһ죬ΪλѪ塣ԭֻʿĳ㹻̫֮һ죬ͽΪ溣ĳ
Щ塢ܹ֮죬ΪkѪԴֻҪܹĳkѪkǾܹѪϽʿ֮гѪʿ֮⣬ʿһ
ʿ֮Уܹ֮»ʿ֮˾Ѿ֮еšܹ֮ʿ֮ڰ˴ʿʳԻ͵ʱһͬλ֮һճʿʵ֮λЩＶŲеľ
ʮսħ̫ϳߣһǿޱȵĸ磬κ޷硣
սħڵĵǶʮֺЩսħڵ̫ϳ˵ЩʲôֻжԼѩ洫ԼµЩ̫ϳ̸
¶һ˿οЦãã棬սħڵĹأʿĵӣԳΪսħڵ̫ϳϡʽϣսŭ֮ġĹ԰֮оٰ죬㿴ΣȻսħ̫ϳӦеĴͳͳУ
սħ̫ϳҲһڴĿ档
ͨ˾ŲŹľţһʿĿֲǿߡŭ֮ġĹ԰ŵĵӣ˲ʿ棬ȫǱѹĽսħڵ̫ϳǶʮڴǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ӱѹ֮ʿŸ߲ı顣
ѾʿսħڵĹأȫʸսħ̫ϳϳΪսħĸ߲㣬ִսħڴȨȻҲóԴͨӵ̬
΢ЦȻû⣡
һ֣һ߲ʵĹâγһȲʺ֮ţãߣǺúþһۣʶһ¡
սħڵ̫ϳһֱӽȲʺ֮ڣʧ
ʦ֣Ȼ˾ŲŹھŲ㣡
˲𣬹ֲЩ̫ϳǻἯ֣ӭ

ΧսħڵĵǿǱսħ̫ϳӭߵ棬һж¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫ
Щսħڵ̫ϳҪôʹԼ֮з֣ҪǱչԼĻλսײβ
ô̫ϳһͬǰӭһսħڵĵӣ⻹ǵһΡЩսħڵĵǶʮӽ֮սħһҲûܹᲢۡ
ӹһĨʣЦһ£žѩ㴫ŲŹھŲ㣡˲ʿѾΪʿ
ھͽΪʿֽٶ̫죬սħڵ̫ϳϢȥ
ѩҲһ̾ӦѾΪʿ򲻿ִܵŲŹھŲ㣡
ѩ㶼ʮʿжôѡǧǰѾ۷ʿǣڻ۷壬˿ûнʿϣǿгʿ֮Ҳֻ·һ
治ѾΪʿȻöѩĽǼʡ
ǽ֮Ϊءͨλ棬ӵء䱦аֲڵĵط
Щħǿ߿Դǽ֮Ѱҵλ꣬ȻǽԽľ룬ǰλ棬λ档
еλʵ϶ͬһ֮ڣֻҪɳ㣬Ȼããǿ֮зУͨǽ磬Ҳִܹλ档
λ֮ľ붯ꡢǧ꣬ڹ꣬ħǿ߲ϵķУҲ֪ʲôʱܹһλɵһλ档


735 ľ
Ҫǿ֮д;һλɵһλ棬ʿʵۼǿûرҲҪʮϵʱ⡣
Ϊˣ󲿷ֵǿҪǰλ涼ͨǽ磬ǽŤռĹͬλ档
ǽ֮УһЩյء֮⣬󲿷ֵĵطûѹƵͬʱǽ֮УҲӵǽӵ򡢷ȸִڡ
ǽ֮УǷûпõļֵһЩȴǳ˸ԴһЩԴڲ֮λ涼䱦
ΧЩԴǣǽ֮еǿǱͻӵԴԽȻʵҲԽԽǿ
սħΪʮ֮һ֮ľǽ֮̽УѰҸԴǺͿ֧λ档
ǲϵ֮̽УսħҲǽ֮еǿ߽֣ˡսħڲ֮λ汾֮ԻֻʣĴʿأΪսħ֮ǰرһ溣ǽս֮䡣
ľǾǿŭ֮ġĹ԰սħڷһԴǡ
ľһֲԴǡЩֲָܹʿҪı
ľ֮ΪһֱľѪ裬ľѪÿľǿԳԼ700ҡʿľѪľѪ溣ܶмĺô
ʿʵԽǿܹԵkõıԽ١ܹ溣ӵкôıʮϡٺľ˿ŭ֮ġĹ԰ǰᡣ
ľԶһſտţûһ˿Ļ֮ϣֱͣһ޴ĳǱһͨڣӡľ޴ײġ
һ޴ĳǱǿŭ֮Ƶһر侲֮Ǿ޴ĹײĹ԰Ķرڰײġ
ǡ侲֮ǡڰײġǿǽ֮д󣬲ܵǽ֮ʴı
κνǽﶼܵǽ֮ʴֻһЩϡٵ֮ûǽ֮˾ס
֮⣬ʿҲرֵǽ֮ʴǡ侲֮ǡڰײġرûر溣ܼĿֲǽˣҲ᲻֪ıǽʴһͷͷǽ
ǡ侲֮롾ڰײġر֮䣬һ·һʯĹ㳡ǹ㳡֮Уֱˡ
һΪһŽɫʿۣĸߴòӡվŶʮȥòʮʿǶʮʿǿŮʲ
Ƕʮʿ֮Уһӵһͷɫ̷һɫʿۣ·ɢһɽţվŮ·Ⱥһ㣬˵Ŀ⡣
һΪһһɫۣ뷢԰ף˫ϸ·û˯һ㣬ͷ֮һͬ۾һӡߡ
ͬŶʮʿЩʿ֮Уͬһݣһ԰ףƤŹͷӡʿɢһǿҵĴڸУһ֪Բһǵļһ
ǻźɫʿ۵Ůʿһۣоһ΢΢һЦϹһλӦþǿŭ֮һʱɫųɰɣ˲𣬾ȻҶΪһжطرԼΪǿŭ֮ĻѪʲôΪ
ʿ֮Уӵط͸ֶرر溣ܶ޷һǿʿΪطͶرޱȵı溣ܶûС
ɫ۵ʿǿŭ֮ĵ溣֮һңŭ֮һŵǰսħڵŵӱԡ
ٺ٣ϹΪʱ֪ˡһЦĿݣƤǣ·һһʿȥһĨ֮̾ɫ䲻꣬Ѿڣ˲ӦþĹ԰һǿČɡĹ԰ǿҲططҿС֮ˣ˲𣡡
طĹ԰֮Ҳһطӵ˷˼ĪĳͬҲһĶͬһʱ֮Ĺ԰ܹ֮޳ĲˣҶĹ԰֮ǿĸ֡
ǽɫĻ߾Ĺ԰֮溣֮һľҲĹ԰֮еǰսħڵŵӱԡ
ľЦٺ٣Ѿ˲սħһǿһлƼʿӵ׳ڵΪʵսʮַḻлӵǿĹɱرټսħڵսħطһѲСһ
һЦ׳ڣزȷʵšϧֻôһսħڰܶˡ
ľ˵ЩʲôȻ̧ͷһˣ
һīйӡľ޴սսħ֮ۡԶͬһһ㻺Ľ˵ϣǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ġ侲֮ڰײġ
һɫĹâǡսħ֮ۡ䣬γһڰݣ
Ϊ׵սħʿ̤Ǻڰݣһ
ɡČ˵Ŀ磬ʿǿȥһ۾˻Ƽ
źɺܷ硢׿һЩʿţûж࿴һۡ
ɡČĿڻƼһӶջϡΪ߸ϣǡֱͶľɫŮ
ϣǺŮһ֣ͼڳŮԵĹâȫȥͬǾɫ˵ĳɣǶȣҲԵѷһɬ
Ư
Ů˭
Ǹ˭ŮŮˣ
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ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ʿǶ棬˫֮м
ϣǡ̶ʳ׵ľɫˣǶ溣ܼĿֲڣȻԸӡվԼߣͺñֻİ죬վһֻ޴һ
𶨴һǹ㳡֮¡
ҷ·һȻľ㣺𶨣˾ͺáѡ˰ɣԣʤǿŭ֮ĺĹ԰Ѿѡˡ
һЦ˫۾һֱӷҲͬ⣡
ľͬ⣡ʲô飿
кâһЦսħڳˣҲˡһһʤ߿һֱսȥֱһ˱ɵΪֹͬ⣬ôǾͱȣǲͬ⣬ôҾͿսɣ


736 ɱѪ
սħڳΪʮ֮ͬһҲûֹͣǽ̽ǽ֮ͬйɱԴʮǽĹأǾǿʳ
ǽ֮Уһֵһ㣬ԻһӵϣƵһ˺Ƭ
սħӵеԴһҵԴǣԴǴԴǡ
𶨼Ȼսħڵ̫ϳϣսħǿĴ֮һȻʮǽ֮еĹأһھǿԵ˿¶⡣
ҡľһۣĿһ˻ƼϣϸĴ
ǻƼͬһ㵭ĹȦ溣ܵĿӡ
ҡľ溣ܶͫķпܴһȦӵƼʵ
ҵͷãô˵ˣ

ʱһԴһڳĿⶼһ±ϡ
§ϣǣ֮һ£һḡ·ӵһЦⳡԣƽսħˣҪľǵĿȨǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ˣʲô۶ûиⲻƽҪȥǱóͬȵĴۡⳡԵԼ͵ûзսħڲκεˣ
󵨣ʲôˣ˵ķݣ
Ҵŭ˫Բɣһɿֲ溣Ȼϯȥ
âһһӣһޱȵϣҵѹֱɱңսħڵ˼ҵ˼㾹ȻҶ֣ǿŭ֮Ҫսħڿսɣ
սħڱһսΪĵʿšǽ֮ɱŵ춨ǵ
ŭ֮ġĹ԰ʿκһսħڵĶ֡ʿżʵҲֻսħڲ¡սħڵɡһ溣ܶ˲֮λ棬ټϻһȷʮʤ㣬ȷ˵ӱ⡣սħŭ֮ġĹ԰ɱˡ
ҵһĨŭɫ΢΢ɱһȴǿסһŭ
ǿ飬ս溣֮ǿһСҲ溣ڵʿһ˶𶨣Ӿֻ·һʵˣҲŻᱻ
ľðɣǾðΪעʢҫǺˣǶ׵ϵʿҪıǵļֵ˿ľǲ
Ŀ˸һᣬ΢΢ͷʾͬ⡣
׵ǿ֮һ׵ϵʿƻΪֲսħڵǿ֮УһФ졣
Фܹ㹻ඥҫǺˣk׵øǿͬʱҲƸǿ׵ϵ
һЦгãǵļֵȷʵľ൱ⳡԣսħͬˣ棬ȥָһ¿ŭ֮ĺĹ԰ĵǣǼʶһսħڷ
ǣ̫ϳϣ
潫еϣɿ·û˯һ㣬һ֮ɫڶʿĽʵĿ֮Уĵ̤ǹ㳡֮еһڡ
һ̤Ǿ֮ڣһɫĹâǾ֮ڶֱա
ɫĹâʾȷʵµսħڵӡ
һĨɻ֮ɫʵ棡ʲôˣ
ľɲ򵥣սħڲ֮λһɫš֮ǰʱ֮ѹʿ콾һڴʿ֮Ѿ۳ĹＶš֮ǰոʱ֮нΪ»ʿ
ٶʵ̫Ѹ١ҵĿҲһֱսħλʿϣûʲô˽⡣Ͼǽ֮û̫ĻԾ
Ц»ʿոս»ʿӵر۳磬ʵҲͿ»ڻ»۷ʿֲûᱻųΪһΪ壡
ľһᣬҲ΢΢ͷ
ŵӵıȻʵԽǿľͻԽ棬һģ̽˵ڻҡ
ɶɨһӹһĨм֮ɫ
ČĶ棬˫һĨʺ޾ɱ
ľѪϣ
ǣ̫ϳϣ
һòޱȣɫ԰ףһͷɫ̷´һʵǰ̤һһģǾ֮ڣһɫĹֱա
棿ʱѹʿţ޴ļһʵʵսħڿޣ˵пܳΪʿȻңôڣ
ò׵ѪһЦĬģӡҫһѪƯΧ˫Ȼ죬ѪһſһѪ֮ɢ޽ӽѪѪ岮Ŀֲ
ѪһӣһѪɫӡʮ˸ͷһ·ɳſҧ֮ϡ
ʮ˸ͷ֮һʮǿޱȵѪûѪڣõkһ´˽ޣΪѪѪ岮
̾ѪӵкѪѪѪʿţѾΪѪӾĹ԰ͻֶһʿ
ľЩϧʿô򵥣ѪҲǿԽΪѪ岮ҪΪѪʮѡϧѪȼǵ˵㣬ǹѪǾͺˡ
ѪѪ岮˲ѪȻﵽز
û뵽Ѫʦ־Ȼǿ󣡡
Ǹ棬ˣûһ˿ᣡ
ôţûгɳ֮ǰͽֻţȻ޴

ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ĵ֮Уһ´һ̾˷ܵѪѪ岮ʵȫѹ»ڵʿ»ڵʿսô죬ܻһѪѪ岮
սħڵĵȴһ¶˹Ź֮ɫһЦֲЦģĿž֮еѪ𣬷·ڿһС
ѪһΪѪѪ岮˫۳죬΢΢һŽޱȵЦݣ΢΢һΣʮӰһ³Χ
ɣѪն
ʮӰһ±ֲѪܣһ̺ȾһУһеѪʮдնȥ
ѪʮйףʿնУ϶һ˿˿ڣԴԴѪϡͬʱѪ׻ʿڵѪҺΪȼգգֱ˷ճɻҡ
ϧһУҼ̫ˣ
һЦ֮УһץһźɫĹâ֮һţӲĽѪնϢɡ
ôܣ
ѪԼǿĹɱ׾ٵȥʱĿɿڴԼ۾
ɣ
ָһ߾𷢶һε߾˲䱬ɲ֮㽫Ѫȫɡ


737 ȫ

һҽ֮УʿѪ߾ȫճɻңֻʣһö»֮ˡ
ľɫ䣬һץһֻɫĴǾ֮ץȥס֣
ľʲô
һŭһ㣬һɫֱڽľĺɫ֮ϣһ㽫ǺɫĴֱӻ
һǿĿֲ𶨵֮Ӳѹס˽ľ溣ͷųĿֲ
ľҶ溣ڵʿʵǿޱȡȻ޷ǿ⡣
ľҧгݵ𶨣սħڵˣ̫˰ɣ
һЦд裬Ǻ顣Ĺ԰ѪղŲҲһֺ˿û𣿡
սħŭ֮ġĹ԰ʿǵжԹϵ˫֮ǰ໥ɱ֪˶ʿǵӱʵҲʿųûԷŵӵֶΡ
Ϊ֪ʵŻһֱ֣ɱѪɲѺõʿ֮ŵд裬ǽ֮һĶ
ľĶ𶨣ãõúܣ𶨣ĻҼסˣČȥʬ
ǣ̫ϳϣ
ČӦһһΣֱûǾ֮ڡ
棬治ʱѹסʿţȻô̵ʱ֮ڣѾʿ˲𣡿ϧĶҡӽ֮еһҫȫʧΪϲһղƷ
ČӿͬһֻƤǵĶһ㶢棬¶һЦݣָһţһӵӡӡħһ³֡
ӵӡӡħһ´򿪣һаޱȵϢħ֮ӿ
һͷϳ˫ǣŸָӡ˫ɢһ˿˿溣ܼаϢĿֲħʬħ֮з˳
һһ߿ֲħʬʱɫ䣬һǿ֮ӿ溣ħʬĹ԰Ȼ԰ħʬ
溣ħʬĹ԰ʹطķԴħʬĹ԰֮о˵Ҳֻߡطʿ溣ħʬںһ𣬶ʱܹ֮溣ܼĿֲս
溣ħʬĹ԰ѹ˵ر걻ӡĹ԰ıČȻ溣ħʬȻޱȡ
ľһ𾪵𶨣¶һ˿⣬ͬ溣ܼ𶨣رҲʿʵһ֡ČȻܹԦ溣ħʬı¡ǸҲĹ԰顣
ҲһЦһ±溣ܼ𶨿⡣
ǿޱȵ໥ţֲϢƬ
Ȼͷųǿ߶û˳ֻ֣໥ţϾһǰ˵Ϊ˽⣬໥ɱֻҪͻһߣͲ˳֡
Čһųһ溣ħʬһЦһΣһһûһ溣ħʬڡ

һЦǰ̤һسɴ磬һģ溣ħʬǰһ㣬һָǾ溣ħʬü֮ϡ
ӡȻ֣ħĹӡһֱӴһ溣ħʬü֮С
溣ħʬ֮һ¸ֳӡϵľҲһ¸ֳČӰ
ČӰϲһɫӡޱȵţͼӡ֮ѣô޷ӡķӡ
ľһĻɫ䣬ĺһ䣬һǾȥס֣䣡һսˣ
ČĹ԰֮ǿʿţҲĹ԰һʱϣŽֻڵΪѾ̳Ĺ԰ӵе溣ħʬ֮һʵͨطʿȫѹ󲿷ֵʿ
ľĻҪČ׿䣬ûЧ
𶨷Цһ⵲˽ľǰһȭӲĽľֱӺɡ
ȡ
һޱȵĲҽ֮УǸղŻһČֱӱһץ㽫溣ħʬֱץסĶһر֮зӡ
ľ˫۳죬һһôĵӣǾңЩȻɱĹ԰ˣ
¶һЦݣһǿֲս֮ɱǹƽıԣǵĵӼˡӵرҲǷ
սħǿÿһսս֮гɳˡȻκս
Ǿ֮ڣ浭Ȼһ
Ŀ΢΢һһԵĳɶĿһۣɫһһס
ɶȴһţ֮ӿһ˿԰֮ɫ֮Ů۷ʿǿ赭дѹČҲûһ˿սʤ档
һǿʿһָ㣬ȥһս
ɶһгҡ
ŭ֮ĵĵɫһףһ¹ҵǰధ̫ϳϣҪôĶ֣˰ɣ
ȥǾȥ
һŭɫŭ֮ĵĵһָһɫķâŭ֮ĵĵϣŭ֮ĵĵ˲ķѣȻ󱻿񱩵Ļɡ
ŭ֮ĵĵǼһĻж΢΢һݣһĨ־֮ɫ
һŭ֮ĵһָ㣬ȥһս
ŭ֮ĵҧǣ̫ϳϣ
ľĿ˸һᣬĿһ±ñĬ
ŭ֮ĵĵһǾ޴ľ֮غ䣡
ϣǿŭ֮ĵĵ΢΢һΣһ´Ǿ֮з˳
Ҳ΢΢һδǾ֮з˳սħʿķȥ
ʱǿŭ֮ġĹ԰֮ʿĿⶼϳ˼ɵηһ˿ɱ
ɨҶһ۵ˣǿˡǵڰ֮ϵһ֮ڳ룬ǵ˵֮󣬻ǵֱ𡣡
û⣡
һĨâӻһ顣
һޱȵİɫȻطڶ
һɫĹ֮Уһҷ·ʥγɵʥ֮۴һƬ֮зɳȻǰɫĹ֮£һַ˼ٶ߷
һʥγɵʥ֮ޱȵʥ⣬ѩ׳ɢŴʣȥ·ͯͯŮһСʹΧ裬ʫƪ
ʥ֮ϣվʹ֮ϣɢſֲϢԳʹ


738 ʹ
𶨿֮һʥۣ֮һĨ֮ɫӿһ˿ԤУңʲôˣʲô
һЦǾΰʿʵ۳֮µĳʹˣ𶨣㻹ǰμλʹˣ
ʿʵ۳֮
һ˵ɫȻ䣬һֱʮ򶨣·һо֮еҲɫΪ֮䡣
λ֮Уλ涼Ϊ֮ڡڰʿʳػʳǺճ֮ʿ㼣֮Ϊ֮鶼ڰʿʳʿʵ۳֮ɵ
ǵڰʿʳ֮λֶ֮೿֮飬ʿʵ۳֮ȴֻһǵڰʿʳĿߣ˴ʿʵ֮һ֮
֮λʿһ˴ʿʵۣ֮Ȼǹһʵϣȷʵߴʿʵǿù֣ﵽ޵֮ߴʿʵǿʱڣ֮ʿʵۼǿ߷׷˱ᡢ䲻ҳֵĶkȫԵѹֱɱ
֮ʿʵۼǿ֮УʵҲϣֻʿʵۼǿ߻ܣűΪ˴ʿʵ֮Ĵڡ
ˣǳ֮ȻǻʵʿʵۼĿֲڡk֮ʱȫ֧֮λԼԲ֮λΪĵλ棬ʿ֮λ档
֮λʿǲ֮λ沢ռǳ֮ճ֮ʿһ³Ϊ˲֮λ֧λ档
ǵڰʿʳʿʵ۳֮ĺճڲ֮λûʲôԵֵk
ʿʿʵ۳֮ǰһĴڣ
һԵҲɫ΢΢һĶ֮һʥۣ֮ɫ粻
սħӵеλٲ֮⣬󲿷ֵλ궼Ѿ˲鵽սħһʿʵۼĿֲΪУʮ
һָƽʿʵ۳֮ܣk߱С˶֪ʵܻţ
ãã֮Уǿľʱ⣬֮⣬κ˶޷ֵʱʴʿʵۼĿֲǿ߶ʴռ
ãã֮У֪ŶʿʵۼĿֲڡkǸһҪԭǾǵkѾ̫ãѾʼ࣬һпܶʱ䡣
֮ʱʵҲ˥˼㡣겻֪ʲô飬֮λĴ󲿷ʿǿų֮˹
֮һٸɱʥǿߣʮʥʿʥǿ߱ͬھ
֮һսΧ֮λ档֧֮뷴ǿޱȵǲ֮λԼλɱݣǿ䡣ŵʿ¡
һЦû֮ҲʹʹҼǵó֮ǿµʮʹͽ㱻Щһƭˡ
΢ķˣǿʲô
֮ϣһĳʹһ֣һɫĹâȻ
һɲ֮䣬ǰɫĹ֮Уӡԣ˳ض֡һɺޱߣ·𼸺޾ѹǰɫĹ֮
ص
һͷֱӸڳ˵ʶ֮УʲôĴڣܹǰɫ̺ŵ塣
濴ǳصӹһ˿Ĺâѵǳ֮
𶨵ҲһĨ֮ɫ
Ҫ溣ܵʶֱ֮ǿƸֳ⣬ҲֻʥʿϵĿֲܹ
ԭΰĳ֮ʹսħ洫棬֪λʹٴ˵أʲô£
սħ˵ĿҲǳ֮ʹϡ
΢ķˣŭ֮ġĹ԰ѾˡЩˣȻҶǳ֡ǶĲ´սħеԴǣȻǵпܱ⡣򣬽ҾʹǾ
ʹ֮һ˫ޱȵİɫâ·з˵һ㣬߸ϵе
ҡľǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ǿһΣһµսħһǰսħ֮۵ĵ·֮ϡ
ɨһۣһɭޱȵɱңľҪΥ֮ĶԼսħڲ𣿡
һŤЦûǿŭ֮ģĹ԰ҪսħڲݣҪսħڣֻҪΪǿսħλʵͻᱻ֮һϡսħڵŶҪŵӾĿģ
ľһĶ棬Сӣ㾹ȻɱĹ԰ŵӣһ׽֮һƣ֪Ĺ԰
սħڵŵǿճֵʹԼҡľ溣ܣӹһĨ־֮ɫ
ǿ飬ʵǿޱȡԵkʵȼҲֻܹʹҡľ溣ܣܵС
𶨿֮еʥۣ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫǿʵҪһߣ溣ΧҲмĳɹʡǰڵսħڵʿֻ¶Ҫˡ
ɨ˽ľһۣһЦǵģһϲ׼ȻôҾһ̡ڣ
ھǧ֮һһޱȵ˺գʥ֮ۺȥ
˵й⣡
һʹɫ䣬ļʹ֮
ʥ֮ȻâҫһһȦ֮С
һһºʥ֮ϣһһȦһͬʧ
ԶһŤǼսӲͬķһһڹâ˲ʥ֮ϡ
ʥ֮ϵĹȦʹȫӳ֮£΢΢һ˲䣬ֱӱʥ֮۶ǿֲޱȵĹֱɡ
ϣһչڵĶ֮һɫȥһݺݵնȥ
Ҳһ˲ȼŭһֱӻһƬޱȵķ籩ŽľһľֱӾ˽ȥ
ľһŭһ䶯һ߳а溣ħʬ˲֣һ˲ں
ľ溣ڵǿߣһǳа溣ħʬںһ𣬶ʱʵǣһɢ溣۷ĿֲϢ
һ˲ǿޱȵķ籩֮Уһͷ߰׵ĳаɢϢ죬˫ȭſޱȵĺЩ籩ڵk˫ȭ֮£ǿޱȵķ籩Ӳıһһ޴ѷ졣


739 ɱ
͵Ϯûõģ
һЦһӣһз˵ĳɫȻ֡ǳɫľӹâҫһͷʮ׵Ļϣֱȥ
ϣ֮кâһһնһޱȵĺɫâһնǻ֮ϡ
īĺڰǻֱȼգնأֲĺڰӲĽǻն
һɲ֮䣬ϣǱҵǰһ̺޾ĺڰնȥ
ɫ䣬һӣһӣһųɫȻɳ
һųɫһ֣һµϣǵĽϣһըѿҺϣֱըɡ
ϣǽһ˲䣬ڰֱ֮ӵҷȥ
ϣǵķΧ֮£ƴʩչŸǿޱȵķƴĵֵŵkĽ
溣Ķʹ
溣ĳʹȻŮˣ

ڳʿǿͻȻϣǣ΢΢һг˲֮ɫ
溣ĳʹ溣ǿ֮еĶǿߣκһ溣ĳʹǰκεطȫԳΪưһĴҪ֪սħʮڲ֮ǰڲ֮λıҲֻʿ֧š
һϣɱǣ
ɵǣ

ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ʿǿϣǷ֮һ˫֮âսħڵӣ׷ʩչַߺ
ǹ㳡֮һ¶ħʬЩħʬĹ԰ʿٻǿڣÿһħʬǿʿϵĿֲʬ塣
ǿŭ֮ĵʿǶЩħʬ֮ʩչǿĹɱһкȥ
ȻǵˣǶȥɣ
һɺıȽȽ𣬷·һһеĺڶһ㣬ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ĸַͨͨɡĵطɺ΢΢һΣЩħʬͨͨУȫ
壡˰壡
˰壬ҵԼ·ĹＶţ
壬ɶȻ˰壬۳ĹＶšֲČᱻɱ

ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ʿһ汳һɺ£ʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ʿ٣ŭ֮ġĹ԰һ֮Ҳֻгɶһ۳磬ڰȴûһ
̤һһ³Ĺ԰ʿ֮УɺȻһɿֲޱȵĹ԰ʿһ
Ĺ԰ʿһâûɺڶ֮ڣɺڶ΢΢һʣѪ⾫˲ɣֻʣһööǿ֮ˡ»֮ˡ
ǿŭ֮ĵŵǼһĻɫ䣬һʩչַ˷ȥ
ǳɶΪֱʩչطʥ֮۱ըķȥ
ʥ֮ȻƬ֮׹䵽һ֮ϣʹȴǺδˡ
ȻҶǳ֣Ϻôĵӣ
һʹ棬˫֮з·ȼŻ棬һŭĴųһɲ֮ǰһʹ֮׺ݺݵնȥ
Ķ֣ң
һȣֳ֡ڷ֮ǹȻ̳ͬһֻȴΣգŹ׵ĺڷһһʹȥ
ʹಿλʹ֮ģֻҪʹ֮ĲƻôǣkǶ¡û̺֮Ĺ㽫kǵݻ٣Ҳܴݻٵkǵʹ֮ġ
溣ܣĹ֮ж̺ǿķ֮ǳʹҲòնɱ棬ӽһսһ
һ溣ܣȻ溣ܵŮˣ
ֲΪ˿ֲԭ溣Ůˣ
˧ö࣬ôû溣ܿң

սħڵеǼһĻ¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫܷ硢׿һҲ⡣
ϣǡ̲޾ףһ溣ܼĿֲǿߡ溣ܾͨ»ʿҪһ涼ʮѣ澹Ȼܹͨͨ󹬣ֱ졣
ˣȥ
ʹһΣâӶɱӿ
ҽɣ
ս֮ϣһ´˷ܷЦһޱȵ쫷һ˲佫ʹһ¾̺޾쫷Ŀ֮С
ʹŭ𣬻ӽնһ貵Ĺâնǿ񱩵쫷֮Уǿ񱩵쫷նѿ
洫棬ӡֻܹסһ죡
ǿ飬ʵǿޱȡһһȫԻһ溣ʹ
溣ʹǳسʹųطʹ֮سʹѾԻ𶨡ټһ溣ڵĽľҲֻܹǿֲǿסһ졣һ֮ǲӣôͻ
ֻҪߣôʣµ溣ܼǿߣҲͬߡ
ҹĻ
浭һЦһӣǿҹĻȻɳͬڱһ㣬˲佫޾ĺҹ֮С
һܿ췢Լ˿֮⣬ĸоûбʱЦ溣ܾ㿴ĸоҲ֧ս޲ɼĴ
һ֮䣬΢΢һΣһ³ҵְֳ֣˼ر֮һҺݺնȥ
ڵˣȥɣ
һЦһתһӣżرаŮŮڡȻɳһɫĹâȥ
аŮаλ֮еһϡа񣬳аŮӵʿϵʵԲĹͷ֮ͨÿһаŮŮһ궼ʿĿֲڣһǻУʥʿᱻȡ衣
ǾżرаŮŮڡǳȡ˳аŮŮ׵Ǿƶɵаر
ʿǿ߱ǡаŮŮڡ壬ᱻȡеĹ衢ͬʱǹ衢Ǳߵ֮ըѿγɹ̬ӵвԵʿҲܵشʧȥ󲿷ֵ
׼ǴӻԻʹʥż֮лõġɽضܡȻɳһɽӰȻ֣·һ޶һ㵲ǰ
ǡаŮŮڡһ´һɽӰ֮Уɽ֮ס޷
ͬһʱ䣬黯ϢӺڰֳ֮ǿҹذסһ´ҵı
ǿġҹذסһҵıҹϵ˲䱬ʴҵ塣
ǽӵ溣Ϊһ¸á˥ϡŧ˫Բɣһ仰˵һֺ;


740 նɱľ
ǿ飬Էȼһֵֿܵסǡҹذס䡣
Ҳͨ溣ڵʿֵܵǿҹֳֵġҹذס̻˲룬࣬һֻ߽ʣ¸ʬ塣
ҹĴ̿ͣλİҹסӰ״̿ϵ鶼սȴóɱǿ顣
ǺҹҪһɱõkûа취ʥʿרſƺҹȨܵرҪɱִƺҹȨܵĴ̿飬ֱ졣
һ͵Ϯɱң黯˲û˺ҹ֮УϢĳ̼սţʵ൱ĳʹֳ֡ҹذסǳʹֱӴȥ
˵й⣡
ǳʹһ𣬷ȼط򷢶ޱȵĳ˷ӿ
ҹĻγɵĺҹʱ޾ޱȵĳֱȥ
ǳ֮£黯ΧĺҹҲڲϵıкͣɢһ˿˿ĺ̡
ҹƵΪǳܹ׵ɢҹ
˵ааؽ֮ܵþ
ǳʹһһĹâȻĺҹ׻֮ϣһޱȵаǡ
аһĺҹ׻ϣǳʹٶȻɣеġʹ֮ȼڵľ֮նȥ
ִ֮ƳȨܣڵkµĳʹҲǳʹִƲֳȨܣǾ֮׾ǳȨܵԻ
Ǿ֮׵֮£κδڶᱻֱӾ΢
ĺҹ׻ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳ֡ҹذסһµǡʹ֮ϡ

ҹײ֯Ťĺҹ׻ӲıֱɳԶ
һ˿˿֮ͬƹ֮һĺҹ׻ϣ·Ҫĺҹȼմ
ȨܹȻֲõ곿֮Žֹ
ĺҹ׻̾һ䣬ȼҹӿһŽǾ֮ȫϨ
ȨܾһУûʲôܹơ곿֮Ϊڰʿʳʿʵ֮󣬱㵽ӵг֮λ棬Щ֮һն𣬲´λ۳ְ֮
ڰ˻ʳʿʵ۳֮´λȻ쳿֮ȨܣΪ֮飬Ȼʿʵ۳֮ɱ
һʹ׷ͱס˫൱ķɱ
ϣһװˡʹװסһɫ⣬ӿǿޱȵĺڰǳسʹӶȥ֮ɱһ
ϣһսǳسʹһжʱ·֮Сk֮ʱޱȵĳ⣬Ǿ֮Ҳͬƹ֮һ㼫Ϊ֣ȻϣǼսҪɱkȻʮѡ
ĺҹ׻ȼǡҹĻһųİĺɫâԲʮйâ˲ɡ
ʹĻҲѹ˵k֮
һɲ֮䣬ޱȵĳ˽ľıеġҹذסϢŽľȥ
ľĴʽرһâҫγһɫķֻ֣Щǡҹذסǰͬһֽһ׵ȥǡҹذס˲Ϣ֮ʹ˽ľ֮ڡ
һ˲䣬ָĺҹϵĿֲ˲䱬ǽľʱ˥䡢ŧһĨ֮ɫ
ɶ񣬾֮⣡
һʹһŭֳ֡ʹ֮Žľһָһޱȵĳһûǽľڡ
ǳľ֮£ľ·𱻻һ㣬̣ˮһʹŤǡҹذס֮иŵҲһһʧ
ǡҹذסһֱӱӽľ֮еɿ
ǡҹذסǿĴɱرԶ̻ҹϵ䣬ܹһз֣ӡ˲ƷĿи䡣ͬս㣬ױءȨܿơ
ʹͬһȼӽնһ̺žһеľ֮նĿ쫷֮Сǽ֮ǿ񱩵쫷綼ᱻΪӡ
ǿ񱩵쫷ÿһֱΪӣϵƾһ֡kҲսսħھ֣ӲķȼĲסʹõkǴ粽С
ĺҹ׻΢΢һΣӡ֣ϵĺڰ˲ȥ˫۳죬һ˿˿ѪɫΧǿġɱ¾䵶Ҳһ³С
һסǡɱ¾䵶·Ǿսɱ¾ɱ¾֮һһɲ֮˱شĽľǰһŽľնȥ
һľо·еĿռ䶼ȫᣬ֮䣬޾Ѫɫ֣һ㱣һ֮߱ϡ

һһ֣ľо˫һȻ޾ĺڰɣȫʧȥ֪
ָһץ㽫ľʬȫĴָ֮ڡ
ɱ¾ִ֮ɱ¾Ȩܣͨɱ¾ķţɱ¾䵶ǲ֪նɱǿߣ˶ǿߵꡣҽľ֮ǰͱǡҹذסشܹһͽľնɱ
黯һս֮󣬾ǿԼսøӵǿ
Խ࣬ҪͻƵѶȾԽ黯˻֮ս֮ɱ¾֮񡢺ҹĴǿʵǡһҪԼ򣬽ΰܡ
滯仯Ϊɱ¾̬֮֮һΣǴһĨѪɫɲ֮䣬ϣǡ̲ŵĳʹһ̺ɱ¾ǳʹݺնȥ
ǳسʹҲǿսıƾһǹ̴˵kĳȴǧһ֮ʣؽһӲĵס滯ɱ¾֮һ
汾ǿΧһʹ̲ס޵ʹųܹڿʿǿ߿⣬Ȼ鴫ϧʹʹƵ̫Ҳӡ
ϣǶʹ֮еĳʹkװˡʹװס֮ʵڳسʹ֮ϡǳسʹĳȨܽʹƵģõkչֳʵǳسʹҪһ
汾һץһֻʮ׵ڴƾճ֣ǳɶֱץȥ
Ƭŭ֮ġĹ԰ŵǶѾսħڵһһɱֻʣ³ɶһ˻š
ڴ֣ɶһҧһ֮һ±ΪһͷսڣɢŰ벽ʿĿֲſһ磬һ֮׺ڴ֮ϣڴֱӺɷ顣


741 سʹ
֮û뵽Ȼˡŭ֮ģȻʿţֲøսħŵһս
¶һ˿֮ɫһЦǰ̤һһģǴսͷǴսȥ
ɶĴսڶʱһΣյĸоſһ磬һܹʿճɻҵĻȻȥ
ȻһɫУһһûǺɫ֮У㱻Ǻɫɵøɸɾ
Ĵ˳ǽ׳Ĵսͷ­֮ϡ
¡
ǳɶĴսһص׹䵽˵ϣ·һ㽫غһ޴ĶѨصһѪء
ɫӡǳɶĴս֮ȫӡ仯ɵĴսڵ
ʮ֮ǳɶĴսȫʧָ
ң
ͬһ㽫ˣӡĳɶֱӾͬʱĶߴϧѪ
ɶԥһᣬҧԸ⳼
ʿǶӵƾõʶ㣬ٻȻԸ
ЩܵŴһ·ϤʿŻӵͬУԸŹ
ǿŭ֮ʿҲһŷǿʳڲΪҵļšɶҲǴ֮УųΪ˿ŭ֮ĵľšǿŭ֮ĵͬҲߣŻ׾ѡͶ
һĨ֮ɫȡһֻҺ̬ҩֱӴ˳ɶϣ֮עڡ
Һ̬ҩѾʿϵǿЧԳɶ۷ʿȴʮЧ
ѹ˳ɶĿս֮С
ʱսָΪƬһƬʹΧ𶨣һƬ黯ϣǡΧһʹ
һ黯ΧĳʹʱѾǿ֧ţʱпܱǿ߻ܡ
ʱˣ
汾΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ칭СڵľŸСȡ֮עе칭֮ڣһ۷Ŀֲѹ˷
ʿ
ʦܣȻѾʿ
ʿôܣ

սħڵŵһӦǿֲϢһĿɿڴԼ۾
ʿǿѾԳΪսħڵ̫ϳϣ޾٣þ޴Ȩִ
źɺ֮һĨâ¶һӵЦݣʿǣ˳Ծ
ܷЦ˺ǲܹȰ
׿һҲ΢΢һ̾ʿһ˾ʶ޷Ĳ࣡
źɺܷ硢׿һսħĴ̫ϳϵ״ӣͬսħʮ֮еľѡζľšǿһʿһԽǣھȻΪʿ
źɺʱ֮лӵ˽һ˿ʿĻԵ»ʿҪʿͬΪѣʿǾϼѡڿ澹ȻΪʿ˷ܣִŲСļʣʮָӡ
黯ŵĳʹһо״ʢ̧ͷ߿һۡ
һɲ֮䣬һգѹһеĿֲʸͬһһǳʹȥ
һʹڽ߾ȫǿ߼սֻܹǿǰγһعܡ
칭ļʸһɲ֮䣬ᴩʹkֱӶ˵ϡ
ĬģһżرȻɳһ´һʹڣһʹȫӡ

Ѿ𶨴˵ĳʹɫ䣬ӽһնӲĽ𶨻Ŀ쫷նѣعâԶȥ
ʱ֮Уһ¸ֳ߲ʻ߲꣬ʻ໥ӣӿγһ߲ʻγɵɫǾޱӡ硣
ɫǾޱȻֳ֣֡ɫǾޱɫǾޱ֮УʳһٷľŮ
سʹһӽݺݵնɫǾޱӡ֮ϣֲľ֮״ŷһеĿֲܣɫǾޱճɻңɫǾޱ֮նһ·
ɫǾޱȴǲϵĳ֣ĵ·˲
һɫĹâҫϣ΢΢һΣһʹǰӽʹնȥ
Ҳ΢΢һΣһ⵲סһسʹ
黯ٴα仯һתΪս֮
սȫǿ
黯һȣһȦȦ⻷һ³ڳѾϡ
һȦȦ⻷ֱӳݡʿȸָһͨ˼ӳǸ⻷ҲӵɱһʿĿֲ
һȦȦ⻷ļӳ֮£̡ϣǡ𶨡黯ʵʱɡ
ϣǱڱǳسʹѹƣڼӳս֮⻷֮ʱѹסһʹ
Ĵǿ֮Уҹ״ɱǿɱ¾֮浥ɱ¾ǿ֮ƻǿս֮սǿ
سʹĴǿߵΧ֮£ȫ·硣
ɫǾޱɫǾޱӡǽʹȫӡǽռ֮ڣõk롣
Ȼ֮䣬黯һ·ɳһͷ򼾿壬ſһ磬һޱȵ̫һʹȥ
ǳʹһ㣬ߵĳֱӱֱ̫ճɻҽ
һ˲䣬黯һѪҫѪλѪ󹫾Ȼɳֳ֡Ѫ֮Ѹײڶ֮ƣһնǳʹϣնһɼǵ˿ڡ
ƬɫѪҺǳʹ˿֮зɳûˡѪ֮ڡ
𶨻Ŀγһ̺ŷ֮ľ޴кݺݵնǳʹ֮ϣǳʹİֱֱնϡ
̳ûǰһǹǳʹڣ˳ƽһöżرǳʹڣǳʹӲķӡ
żرһַӡ溣Сرر˾ÿ궼ܹϰöϡ
⡾ȻԱ溣Ū飬һڣǰ벽ʿĿֲǿҲ޷ѷӡ溣ܣڵҲᱻӡ޷ṩһ
ЩˣȻΰĳ֮ʹߣôǾһɣ
ǲдһʹһĨŭɫϢһ±òȶһҪԱ
ʹԱʹ֮ģ˲䱬Ϊֲ溣ĳʹԱУشʿĿֲǿߡ
ʱһֻʸ汾칭зһ¹ᴩǲдһֻʹkڵϡ
ǰֱӲһöӲĽǳʹӡ


742 ٰλ
ѹе֮ɫǾޱ黯Ѫ廯ھ塢ϣǡ̶΢΢һΣʧ
ڰŻʹ˸Ӽɵϸϣǡ̵ȫս̬뵽ɽĶʹʹͽ˧
治ƭ𶨱ֻܹõkѸٵ뿪һء
𶨿ЩһȻʧ溣ǿߺȻʵʲôˣ
΢ЦǶҵѡ
ζĿһۣ㻹һȺأ
𶨿Ǳӡ˵سʹüͷһ壬һĨ֮ɫ⼸һô죿
سʹųǵڰʿʳʿʵ۳֮ʹߣˣôսħʿʵ۳֮ǰʱпܱԷ
֮λ˴ʿʵÿһʵޱȣͬʱĺɱ˸顣
ֶ֮ο£ղ⵽ɣ֮λʿŵk˥ʱΧɱ
Ȼһ֣ͬǺųƳ֮ʹѹһ侲оʮּ֡
һĨâˣɴһݡٶȣŭ֮ġĹ԰ˡȡǵһԴǿŭ֮ġĹ԰Բ뵽ǻʱ֡
潫˶溣ܼǿߴ˵أЩ⡣ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰ʿŵ溣ܸŪʲôͿԽԷֱӸɵ
ÿһ溣ܶӵо޴ĲƸͬʱÿһ溣ܱҲһƶıء
ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰溣ܱʱǿŭ֮ġĹ԰̲֮ġ
溣ܾһʿŵĺԼǿսŭ֮ġĹ԰ʿҪܹսħڿ⣬һ溣ܣʱԲŹĻᡣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һŭ֮ġĹ԰ֱŰĵλ桢ĵλĵλ档Ȼλ桢λ涼ĵ¼λ棬ԶԶսħļϵȵսħλ棬λ֮Ув顣ҵkڱλӵλ汾Դ־֧֣ûô׹£ִ£ٿ̫ϳϴᣬܹ
սħ֮ӵʮ̫ϳϣͬʿſսĴ£һ˶
Ŀ˸һᣬЦȻˣǾˣ
սħڼȻԸ֣˵ǸáֻҪܹݿŭ֮ġĹ԰ڵλ棬ĵλһУĲɽսħƽ֡
𶨣һ£һ
ץǱӡسʹ΢΢һΣԭʧ
ߣ
ĿıӰһۣŴսħڵŵǵսħۣ֮صĴ֮ʧ
ǽ磬һֻǼսʮҼǼǼսʮǼʺĸɵӴ󽢶ӻС
ھ޴ޱȵǼսһʵ֮ڣվһˮǰˮڿȥ
ˮ֮ڷӡһˣһʹ
濴Ǳšĳʹʵսħ棬ʲô֣
ǳʹÿһļ֮жһǿޱȵĳȨȫӡ㾫ͨط棬Ҳ޷ȥǳȨܣǳسʹĴ֮ڻü鱨
ǳسʹһЦ㲻һ鱨㾹ȻҶǳ֣ΰĳ֮ԲŹģйصˣͳͳ
Ц֮µĳʹֶҸ𣿻˵֮£ЩС
ʹЦҽ˹Ϊΰĳ֮µĳسʹ
΢΢һЦʵ˹ΪʲôǻͿŭ֮һΪսħڣ
ǳسʹֻЦһԲĶ棬гԹ֮ɫ
ֻ˼⣬ǳسʹһԲЦԶԡûkʹ֮вkҲûκηӦ
濴ûЧüͷһ壺ȻЩĳʹ̫ˣ
ΪõսЩʹûж֮ǰͻԵkǵĹǿ߿ɱǣȴ޷õkǱѡ
ΪˣŻ󲿷ֶѡʹΪkӵеǿսεҲǵkһĳʹ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ʹ֮أҪСֻҪʹ֮ɹȾʹҲſܵõ֮鱨Ҳ溣ĳʹһս֮󣬿Ҫ޾Ԩһˡ
ʹĳ־޾Ԩ֮еħȾʹ˵һʹҪƳʹ֮أҲֻܹ޾ԨѰҲϡ
ʹݵǺڰʹǸݵ鲻ͬѡӳֲͬȨܣʹҲԶȶʹҪҳϡϲľʹ޾Ԩ֮еԨֻܹʹ
سʹصĳ֮Ĺ黹ҪѶԸֻܹ취kתΪʹпܴӵkǵĿлó֮ܡ
һֻӴޱȵĽŤǽ֮зУȻ֮һ٣һײһƬŤıĤ֮ϡ
ŤıĤһһӴޱȵĽӶʱһƬŤıĤƬռ֮С
һűȵʮңȴսħλС߱ɫһ³ǰ
һɲ֮䣬ѳϵǼսǼǼսڹâһһԴݻһеĿֲͬһǿȥ
ǰλ룬ͬһմ½һմ½ǿŭ֮ʿŵܲǸմ½֮һʿҾסŭ֮ʿš
һޱȵĹһմ½֮ϡߵļʮʿǹ֮еȫ顣
ľŲʿҲǼǼǼսں֮£ȫ顣
ô£
ϮϮ
еˣʲôˣȻ͵Ϯǣ
죬磡

âҫǸմ½֮һ·ɳʿŸȥ
ǼǼǼսǼսڹâҫĹЩʿǺȥ
ɰǧʿһǹУķֱƣͬһ㱻ֱӹᴩ塣
ӵʿǽӹһ٣ʿֱ䡣
ǿŭ֮ĵܲʲôˣ
ǿŭ֮ڵĸմ½֮Уһ´һŭޱȵ֮һ溣ܼĿֲǸմ½֮
ǲɽˣŭ֮ĵͶɱ
֮дһޱȵսսͬˮһǼʺĸ֮зɳγ˿ֲޱȵĸ·ȥ


743 ɫ
ôĿȻǲɽҪôҾͳȫǣ
ǿŭ֮ܲڵĸմ½֮Уһŭޱȵ
ǰλռ֮УȻһſǳȻһâҫֳΡ
ĵλɲһ顣λΪĵ¼λ棬ӵʮ顣
ʱʮǳһǰλʮһһҾ޴ս֮зɳʹ
ŭ֮ռݰλѾǧ֮ãҲֻжʮ˵ȼ𣬳Ϊ顣
Ƕʮ֮УҲֻе飬һǿ鶼ûС֮ȴ˲١
ϵ֮УҪΪǿ飬ûǿ񣬾ӵһĵλǻʮѡ
ȻʿֻҪշķţҪΪ΢飬ȴǱȳΪ»ʿҪ򵥡
ԽϵҪԽѣǿ鶼ֻרһȨһְΪ˴Լýΰ
֮ųˣ
Щߣˣ
ȥɣ

Ƕڸմ½֮һʿǿʹն¶˷֮ɫ
ʹźųǿսǵսǾսļ顣ֻҪʹ֮ĲǾͲǵս黹ԲϵۼӣҽԽԽǿ
Ĳߢս΢΢һΣһĨĨӰ֮ŵʹ֮С
һܲߢսʹ֮Уͬһߣʹ֮д
һĵطһֻֻʹʹ֮ıն飬ɢء
ǺһԽʮһ»ʿĻʹŶȻһŻȨնǺ֮ϣǼܲߢսն룬ޱȵĻ񱬷ǲߢս˷ճɻҡ
ҫǴʿʹͬһ䡣ʹն顣ֻ»ʿʹܹĴս˿⡣
֮ʹսţȴȻڽڰˣʹء
ǵĴս˵Χ֮£ʹǼܼٶʧš
ôܣ
ʹǿս֮һôܻᱻЩеܻܣ
ôܣЩʹǿսôᱻЩеܻܣ

Щŭ֮ĵʿǼһĻһһĨ֮ɫ
ս֮ɨһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣺λ濴ɫĳʹ
ǿս֮ϣʹŶĻеżһǴ֮УʿĳʹƴսӲĵסĻеš
ȥʿʹӣյĽҲǱµĻеΧɱ
ʱҺĸ򿪲ţǿˡѿ׷溣սǺĸ֮˲ɳ
ǿֱӿһ˫֮ӡһһ˵kγһתŵĿ֮Сkһŷ֮򣬳һʿĳʹǰһȭ¡
֮ͬɽһʿĳʹѹȥ
һʹٽһһ̺ȻȨܵĽնǿ˵ȭͷ֮ϡ
һ̺ȻȨܵĽⱻǿһȭ飬ͬʱǳʹֱӺɡ
һȻʹһȭ俪Ĳߢս˱̺ͬˮһӿȻʹʹ֮ڴɱ䡣
ѿſѪһ̣һͷ񱩳ʹͱֱ£ӡڵȿռ֮ڡ
ǳ׷һˣһͷˮ֮ʹֻܹܿǿޱȵĳ׷ˣ¶ػʹš
溣սһͶսʹҲֵסڽڰˣ˲ء
ʱˣ
Ȼսλ֮ʧһɲ֮ͳ֮С
Ȼ֮䣬ҹĻȻɳݻγһƬҹʿĳʹͬkڵĿռͳͳɡ
汾һɲ֮䣬ʹӺҹ֮и֣˲ƵһȻʹеġҹذס׾ٵĹᴩȻʹз˵kڡ
˲䱬Ȼʹһ±˥ޱȣȻ˳ƱԼһöڣӡ
汾Ȼ޷黯ǰݺҹȨܣΪɱ溣ܵľ̿͡ȻԽ黯ĲֺҹȨַ˼顣
һԾǿԽԼĲȨܴԼ֮ѡߡʥͽһĴڡ汾ȻԻ黯ĲȨܡ
Ǻҹ֮УǺҹȨܣϵ˲ƣû溣սϣʹһһѹӡ
ʿĳʹѹ֮Ļеűǰλĸմ½ֱɱȥ
Ǹմ½ǰλĸ֮أһ˸մ½Ļеžܹһɨ
Ǹմ½֮ϵһʿһĽſֵĻеš
Ǹմ½֮ҪʿλãѾͨսħڵ鱨֪Ƿ֮ǰѾݻ˴󲿷֡Ǹմ½ķһ±ࡣ
ǼսΪֲʿǿ߲ʹرֵҲᱻˣ̳Զʺϵǻƹ̶Ŀս
ǼսһһԸͨ溣ЩѡԸʿҲδܹʤƻȴͨ溣Ҫǿö࣬ҲĹ
ɽǾȻҽǿŭ֮ģǾȥɣ
ǿŭ֮ܲڵĸմ½һؿѣһߴǧףͨʻƽɫͷ˫ȴִޱȣԼɢһ˿˿ʥĿֲȻ֡
һͷһ֣ǰһ·˲һһǼս֮ϣһ̤
һޱȵʥҫһĿֲս
¡
һҿԽгٷУʹϽƶɵǼսôֱӱը·ǧź˵һͬըһ㣬޾Ĺ˲佫һͷͨʻƽɫĿֲȫɡ
ǼսӵԱĹܣһԱԱʿǿ߶ܹըˣֱըԷ

Ǹմ½֮Уһ´һޱȵĲҽ֮
ǹâɢȥ֮֮Уֻʣ·ͨĴȣɢһ˿˿ʥʿϢ
ǻԻʹʥȣͷֲĹΪԴƶɵĹ
һŻԻʹʥֵķӡ֮һ²ϲһǻԻʹʥ˫ȡ


744 ̲ŭ֮
ǽɫĹµǼսͬھ֮·ŭ֮ĵʿǶʱʿ
ǿֲĻеͬˮһӿǿŭ֮ĵĸմ½ͬݿһݻһһʿ
һ溣ܵϢȻǸմ½֮ڶȻʧ
̫ϳˣ
Ǳˣ
̫ϳˣ
ˣǽˣ

·ĸմ½֮Уһ´ޱȵĲҽкͰ֮
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫˣùϵļһȻܹôǿ£
ֻǶ˼溣սЩ溣ĸֶһʱ׼Χɱ溣ܡ
һǿŭ֮ĵ溣ܵҳ֣;Իᱻµ溣ǿΧɱ
溣ȷʵɱһһ֮¡溣Χɱһͨ溣ܣ滹Ǻаյġ
λλ־ͱսħڽµĸ׼õλ־ѹơ
ϧ
ֻϧһ̾㲻⣬תƵ˴Ľ֮ϡ
ֻҪǿĻеžͻԹѩķʽϵıǿΪˣŻץסһп̲ϵ̲ԷǿԼʵ
λһĵλ棬һߣλͿԳΪһϳ
ǿŭ֮ĵ̫ϳǿŭ֮ĵʿһ±д»ʿʿǶʩչطȥ
ߢսһסkǣļս˱ֱΧϣָĹһºǿϣЩǿһһɱ
Ƕʮ֮ڣһҫһԼ֮ڷɳͷҲصʩչǽ֮ڡ
һ뿪Լλ֮ʵͻ᲻ϵkͽϵҲᱻųϣ֮п
ʿɵ飬뿪λ֮ʩչطԼ飬Լųɾϵһ˿ĿܰתɷĴڡ
ȻһΪ飬ԼյһУ鶼ѡôһǿ飬һУպܱܿһͨˣֵͷ𣬾Ҳδܹ溣֮
ǰλĶʮƲ֪ڰλ޷濹⣬ѡߡ
ɽˣ
ҵսСʱСʱ֮λĸմ½㱻Ļеȫռ졣
ӴޱȵĻе˳ƹǶʮ֮ڣǶʮһһݡ
Ƕʮߵ̫ЯһЩ䱦֮⣬ߡʥͽʹ֮ءᾧԴ޷ߡ
Щͨͨɣ
濴ͬһſǳһЦָһţһɫȻ֣ߴǺɫ֮ӿȥ
һһܼٶһһֵС
򡢰λ桢ϡƶɡڵʲôɣÿһǱǿһ֡
ǽ֮УһλڷУȻ֮kɫȻ䣬һ־ļУҵɶ񣬸ҵ
һޱȵĲҽ֮УһһڽɫѪϢһ˥˼㣬˻֮С
ҲеϵÿһʹԼȨܡԴᾧ깹ɡ
֮ϵԽܣԽͬһ٣Ҳ⵽޴ķɡ
һŤǽϢڣõkһ±ŤûãһͷĿײУǽ֮벿Ť׼ǽħ־͵
ǶʮһɣЩɵʮ֮ʱһηѣʱһǶʮЩ֮Щһøӵǿ
߱ǿս֮һҲǿԲϽսΪˣŻὫޱȵĶʮЩɡ
ŭ֮ĸմ½һӡĺɫ֮ǰվһˣ档
Ǻɫ֮ǿŭ֮ʿŵĲر⡣
ŭ֮ĵ̫ϳмƻߣر֮еı֪˶٣
һͷԺ֮һӶֱƿǲرĴš
ʱǲر֮У·𱻱ϯһ㣬һƬǽ壬󲿷ֵﶼϯ˴룬ֻʣħ
ɱһţָһţͬһȻɳǱ֮зȥǸŭ֮ĵ̫ϳǻ쵰Ҫܹkסնɱͺˡ
Щһļݿ⣬ܹɵĽݿ֮еϽзѰҶõı
Ȼ֮䣬һֻϴһʾ˳ʾȥ㿴һӡɢڵϣ˿ûκɢ
Դ飡
ϸһöһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݡ
Դǿ֮󣬲֮еħܽ㣬γɵĹڡԴǱЩӵϵ֮ʯƵĿգܹЩתΪĴڡ
Դֱʮֺ۾ݡݡ֮أûҵֱɼֱϡ١
һֱ׷ս񣬽ֻ۷Ļе̷ܹԴ飬ܹƿΪ溣Ŀֲڡ
һ±ʮ泩Ǳ֮ıﱻǿŭ̫֮ϳϾҲΪ⣺Դ飬¾ܹٶһ溣ս
ĵλ档
ռ䣬һռ֣֮һɫӰ֮зɳǲλһմ½֮зȥ
ǳɫӰһƬռ䣬·𴥶˽磬һǿϢǳɫӰһɨ˵ݡ
ŭ̫֮ϳ
ǳɫӰһ䵽Ǹմ½һ˿˿溣ɢֳһźɫʿ۵Ӱ
һɫĹâǸմ½ɳɵϣ˲ԭʧ
һ̣ɱһݻĹ֮ڣǹ֮һһۣ뷢Իңȥһ֮еߡ
΢΢һЦϣʲô㴵ˣ
߾Ĺ԰̫ϳģҲһʵֲ溣ܡ
һĨԹ֮ɫҧгݵĪǿŭ֮ĸոձ˻ˣ
һĨغɱʲô˸ɵģսħ𣿸ЩոΧɱ̫ϳϣȻֶǳֱ֣磬
ŭ֮ĺĹ԰ӵط̫ϳ䣬߾֪ɻӵ˹ϣΪұɵˡ


745 ɱ溣
һ뵽Ļеž΢΢һҧгݵһвɽǳ֣ż޾ĻеΧɱǣǵʹŶɱˣ
һĨ֮ɫеܣѵרеʿʳܻʳطʿ
ڲ֮λ˴ʿʳ֮УʳܻʳĻеܾڿܻʳǰں£ֻǵ˺ڡŵĿܡ֮ǻеܾ˳ʷ̨
ǲеܾҪǡŵĿܡɱ̫ͣԶЩеܾźķѵԴҪСöࡣ֮£ЩеܾŲ˳ʷ̨
оܻʳʿԲŹǻеܾŵо
ɵ֪Էбһ־սսݻǿŭ֮ĵĴ󲿷ʿǵʹţȻǡɫʥħݻ٣ҼƲͳˡ
һĨ֮ɫɫʥħݻˣ
ǡɫʥħʹûԻʹʥ˫ټԼַƶɵĽɫǿ溣ܲɱĿֲڡ
еĳ׷ˡ˵溣սԷӳ溣ƻҪ溣ܲɱҪս
ǽɫĹһӵɱ溣ܵĿֲǵkһݻһǼսͬʱҲǼսԱɣҪɵkҲҪɳϣ溣֮ҲǶǿߵĴڡ
ɳûĪһɲɽսħйᡣǼȻѾҿŭ֮ĳ֣пһĿĹ԰
һЦ֮һĨԽУĹ԰ûô򵥾ͱЩƻҪǸҾԻɱǣǼʶһĹ԰
Ĺ԰ŭ֮ȻãĹ԰ʵȴȿŭ֮ǿֹһ溣ڵǿߣɽֻ溣ڣȻ˿ƽƽʵϻӵȨ
ŭ֮Ķûˣʧȥ˸ѾɢޣkĵλȻӲĹ԰̫ϳᲢۡ
üͷ΢΢һʮĸоĻ֮ŵһ˿ԽСԭҪĵĻһ˸ڡ
ϡ
ĸոտڣȻ֮䣬һһëȻΣԤУһָ
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һ춯صıը֮УһޱȵĹͬһǹ֮ϣĵطеһжͨͨɻҡ
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ɳһᣬҧã
湥˿ŭ֮ģû˸֮ءӽɽΪɢޣѵò齨
ʿ溣֮ҪôͻѡͶһҪôͻɱӣ޶ԴҪôͻѡԼһkǸܻóԴ
һ뵽Ҫ齨ԼͶ˷ɱ
ǲɽĹ԰ңߣȥ
һɭޱȳĹ԰Χռص
Ĺ԰ʿǶǸɱ
âĹ԰ɳȻվ֮У溣ĿֲϢڶֱ
ɶһ㿴֮еǷ·ɱ֮Ļеš
֮Уʮ˿ǳҫԳʹ֮зɳĻеɱһ
ͨʹĻеһӴķѣɢ䣬һ
Ψв»ʿϵĳʹʹŷĵֵһһܵս˴ݻ١
֮бը֮ڶʹʬѪҺء
Ĺ԰ȿŭ֮ĵҪǿö࣬һʮе߳ȼӳŸָǿЩʹϡ
Щǿӳֵʹһս׺ޱȡͨʹǿļӳ֮£ӵ˿ǿʿս
ǲλĹ԰ĸմ½֮ϣЩĹ԰ʿǶ׷ġ
һ߾߾ˡħħа񡢳ħˡߵȾ顢ߵѪ塢ǽȸָħʬȻ֡
ǸֹħʬһգĻеɱһ
֮б鲼սЩޱȵĳոգЩս֮зЩĳͳͳ顣
һ֮սսˣʱͷƤһ飬һĨɵ֮ɫǲɽÿֲĻеţ
Щսս˶˲ݵĻеܣսޱȣֲֿ˾
ıлʮӵɣȴһĨ֮ɫ
ʱҺĸ򿪲ţǿˡѿ׷溣սǺĸ֮˲ɳͶս֮С
溣սһͶսʹȻںʩչȻڽڰˡ
е鲻òȼʩչһǿޱȵ溣սȥ
еһȼʵʱѹס溣ս
ֻǣҺĸٴδ򿪲ţͷƽԶʥħ溣սһ·ɳͶս֮ڡ
溣սһͶսǱֲ֧סʹڽڰˣ˲ء
˫۳죬һŭ𣺡ɽЩˣħҳ
Ȼ֮䣬ıһƬӰ֮УһӰȻɳֳҹذסͬһᴩ֣ࡣ
ֲޱȵĺҹ˲䱬Ǻҹϵĸһ³ĵϡ
㡭
ķһޱȵĲҽ֮˲ʧȥеһʬ塣
ǿҹף
ɨһ۴ɱĵ黯ӿһĨ־֮ɫһΣԶȥȻ溣ڵǿߣǶһǿ飬
黯һƵġװסر鲨ѾΪ˱鲨Ȼʵλѹ֮£½һңҲԻɡ
ɸոշɳٹɫǾޱȻɳγһɫǾޱӲĽ档
һǿޱȵϢȻڶͬһŮսһ̴Զһµɵǰ


746 Ĺ԰
һɢſֲ溣̣ʱɫ䣬еס֣ԸͶɽ
黯ǿҹסֱɫǾޱĽס滹˴Ԫ˧֮һǿߣ˾
áӡ
üͷ΢΢һǿŭ֮ĵ̫ϳɣֻҪҳܹ׵տŭ֮ġǰλ棬Ҳ˳֣ģĽǲɽСٽʡǽְλİʱ⡣
ս֮е汾ŴԣһĨ֮ɫ
ͨ£Ҫȫ̲һλ棬ȷʵԣҪķѾ޴ʱ;ܹȫա
Ļеӵǿޱȵ˹ܣ˹ܹԲˡЩؼĸλʹܻΡ̲ܹ֮ܿУתΪ
սս·ѩһ㲻ϵǿԼеŵĿֲ֮
绹죬˷˼ʥرۼرһ·ѹȥеĵͳͳɱ
Ļеʮǿ󣬲֮УʿʥʿʿʵֲֿĹＶǿߡرʥʿһ˾Ϳѹһˡ
ֻҪһʥʿ֣ڲ֮λĻҵͻᱻ𣬲ò밲¿λ桢λĵ͵λ棬ֻ·һ
ʥʿû۳ʥʿǿޱȣڵkڵ϶㡢޵еĴڡ
Ѫλӵһ浮Ѿһ꣬һ֮УѪλҲֻǵ˾档ʥʿĵ֮ѣɼһߡ
ɣſ֮꣬ӡȥ
һɫĹâҫǴšʹװסϣһΣһ³ɵס·ɱݵ
һϣǶʱɫ΢΢һ䣺溣ĳʹǿĵ̣úݵֶΣ
溣ĳʹͬڿʿſĿֲսͨ溣ܹĴڡ
һתҧãͿԼ꣬
溣ҲǴӷ֮еһǵǸҲûʲô𡣳һ溣֮⣬溣ͬ뷲һ̰֮˲ױշ
ʿ֮УʿƷ¡Ըƶ񶼺޹ϵ
ĬģһһģһɢϢӰȻɳ
һŤӡȻɳɫӡ֮зɳɵ֮ڣɵγһӡ
ӡһͣɾ͸о֮ԼһΣյĶԼѾԼƿ֮С
ɶ񣡳
ӵеĲλս֮񿴵һ־ͱ黯ɱʱ΢΢һΣԶȥ
һƬ޾ĺҹƬһ˲佫ǲλս֮С
޾ĺҹǲλս֮һ˲䣬ĺҹ׻Ϣĳһս֮еġҹذסϢĴս֮֮ڡ
һս֮ûü㱻Ǹֺҹϵʴʧȥеֿ
ĺҹ׻һ̣ս֮ü֮һսֱ֮˳
ĺҹ׻һЦֱս֮Ҫ񣡡
սΪǿͬkǵĽҲΪѣҪͽ֮ԼԼĳȨܵǱʿҪѰٱķʽͬȨܵ
ܹһΰȫ׽Ϊΰ顣ҪͨǿΪΰ飬ҪʮͬһȨܵǿ
е黯˵ҲвСá
һս֮սҲܹ黯ǿһ£ǵkѡߣͽԼĺȫ¶˳ű黯ɱɹ
ǿ֮Уһս֮һĹ԰ʿǱʧȥս⣬һطȥ
ˣ
Ͷ

һɱ֮Ĺ԰ʿյֵסԴԴӿĻеΧ׷Ͷ
Ļе˳ƹռմ½λĸմ½ȫС
ħΣյսһûԻʹʥʥĲƶɣǸȫֻ±ǽɫﻹҪѲ
վһߴףûͷ˫֡˫ŶʹʿкƶɣǶʥ֮ĹǰһĨ֮ɫĴﱦ棬ǻԻʹʥಿħʥ֮ŹȻǾǻԻʹʥʥ
һħ鲼ŸָǿӡЩӡkӡסkһѹͷųֲŤȫʿǻ塣
һĨϧ֮ɫϧҺͻԻʹʥԼҪkսҪˣ
һӣȻһ߹ȥ
ߵ֮£һħλһı⣬ǺĵĻԻʹʥҲֽ
һУǻԻʹʥУȻӡһ֮ڡ
潫պ֮󣬽һͷȻ𣬳˶Ǵʥǿߵļɵʥǿǿ£Ҳ֪ʲôȻܹҽk岿ռôࡣ
ǻԻʹʥǵһʿʳʱϹ֪Ѿ˶ꡣkһ˿ʣϣ֪ѾתֶٴΡ澹Ȼܹռk󲿷ֵ壬Ȼһʮ˷˼ķá
ҲдԼkҲںҡ
һĹ԰ı⣬ͿǱ֮޾ı⣬Ĺ԰ӽĴռĸֱ
濴Ĺ԰ı⣬΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Щǿʿŵı⣬ۿٴΣ˿ᡣ
ÿһǿʿŵı⣬涼ܹޱȵıΪˣŻֻҪһᣬͻṥһǿʿšܹ㹻Դ
ʿžʵȿŭ֮ġĹ԰ǿεʿҲ׵ŭ֮ġĹ԰սһսζʿ䡣ͨʿҲˣ»ʿϵʿ̫࣬ͻ˺һʿŵԪսħھǹǵһ㣬Ųսˡ
ҲӴޱȵĻеΪܣܹһ·ѹĵĴǿŭ֮ĺĹ԰ݡ


747 鱨
ĻǳˣսĻҪϣ㹻һȫĻף
Ĺ԰ı֮ţȻ۾һæǰһȭͷСâĿʯг˷֮ɫ
ߡĻ׾ս֮
۷߿κͬʱӵпֲķͷĻսִƻ׵Իǻ飬þ֮޷԰Σճ١
ӵһĻףֻҪһһĻ׾ͿԽسʹԻǽ浱ɳ֮һ鱨ʵʵ˵
߻ĻǵĺĲ϶ıԵǿᣬҲҪԼһĺϳɲϲܹһĻ׵ȫ塣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼ޷ȫĻףҿԽȵ֮ʯȥʿȫƳһ߿ԲϽĻס
ȵ֮ʯսʣҲʹĶϡҲûжٿ鳬ȵ֮ʯ
ӵʮֻʹԼĴʥͽߡȫʩչطЩʥͽתΪ֮ʯ
ʵһƣֻҪûбǽ磬ЩʥͽһץͻᱻʿǼΪ֮ʯҲʿսõ档
֮ʯ۷ĸλ涼ֵͨĻȡӵַ˼رսҪʹ֮ʯ
Ĺ԰֮мѰĹ԰֮ȷʵ౦Ѫ󹫾ı⻹ǲ̫ԶܹʮĶı١
һԨħʬĹ԰ʿkǶĵĹƾĹ԰԰֮ûв´Ļ߱ﱻӡΪûܹʹk
Ĺ԰Ȼ۾һֻһͷͷϳһֻǣףаӡԨħ·˯һ͸ˮСǹײ֮ӡӡģȻһĿֲˮ֮ڻ
Ĺ԰֮мŵطĹ԰ʿʹħʬǸħʬھط֮ͬתΪһĳڡ
ԨħʬһԨħֻҵԣ΢һ溣ܾԻᱻԨħɸɵ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ʬ壬ҽļƻкô
¿λһ֮ڡ
İһöװſŭ֮ĴָһԵɵʵɣʹʲô֪
ɹʹ˵ǵڰʿʵ۳֮ʹߡ
üͷ΢΢һ֮ʿ顣k¾Ȼгʹѵûһ𣿡
ɿЦǿŭ֮ڵڰʿʳǳ֮ĳӣǳص޷٣ĳصط֪ǳص֮дһ˿ŵĳ֮ϢϢմȾʱ䲢áôΥk
֮λ˴ʿʵ£ѹλ档λ֮У»ϵǿ߻϶֪˴ʿʵ۵
ŭ֮ġĹ԰ʵڴ֮жǽʮš˴ҵʿšڰʿʵ۳֮ȣǻᱻϡ
ֻʥʿǿ߲ʸʿʵۼǿ߶ԻʥʿµĴڶʿʵ˵ϡ
ҵʲô
ɿЦһ£ĿһۣԴÿϽɴԴǴߡͬʱǵıӻ֮£ҲԷţ̲ʿš
ɴʱѾ֪ɽͬҲսħڵľ档ǿŭ֮ġĹ԰սħڻ񣬶ͬǻ񡣽ǷΪ
׷ʵʲô
ɳһŵЩʹԳһϵǲûйĽӴϵܹյ鱨ࡣkÿһγֶ溣ĳʹӡѾʮ溣ĳʹֹ
治һһĨ֮ɫʮ溣ĳʹ
ִƳȨܵĳʹǿĳʹ֮һûбƵԡҪɵЩִƳȨܵĳʹͱԾԵѹkǡ
溣ĳʹȻҲͬǿ溣ʹҲ൱溣ʿ콾
ʮʹŭ֮ġĹ԰ȫһ·ѹŭ֮ġĹ԰ֱƽƸɵǾԵ֮£ټǳصŭ֮ĺĹ԰㲻Ҳ÷
׷ʵʲô
΢΢ҡͷûˣ
׷˼䣬ûдɵĿлʲô鱨
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫڰʿʵ۳֮ǵkô鷳ˣѵҪĻݣ
˴ʿʵÿһʳ޵еĿֲڡĳ֮Ҳѹ֮λ콾ľ콾ΰ޵еʿʵۡkǻţǴ˥ʱֻҪλãһָܹԽɱʱ档
޾Ԩ߲㡣
һֺɫ̫ʮֹ֮Уصѣһι״Ԩֲ֮һָʴԵԨħͨһһ˿ԨħߴһֱӶ
Ǵ֮ϣ·ûһϸȥȴܹһ֮ɢײбϢԨħ
ÿһʱ䣬ǵ֮ϵĳ䶼һɱʧ˴ͷһͬɵһɶ
һɸλ渺γɣīɢԨħӾš
ԨħûһʱͻȻһɫ˻Űһ
ÿһгɰǧԼʮףͨڣϷ·һŤףͷžջһԨħ档
ЩԨħһ֣໥ɱš
೤ӤһףȴͬҰһħͯϲ˹ץһʴԨħԼ
Ԩһпĵط
һһͷԨħֻɨΧһֱۣſ˷ޱȵĿһҧԱߵԨħϣڴڵľ׽ͷԨħɡ
һͷԨħ棬оֱһСȦһ˿
ûκԥ湭Ȼһһµ䵽һԨħԣһڽͷԨħԴҧ
һ̳ʮͷԨħ֮һǴʮףͬʱ嶼


748 Ǳ޾Ԩ
Ȼ֮䣬һֻħͯɫ˫֮ͫһĨײ֮ɫ촽ڵλô
ͬʴԨħЩħͯϲʳֻҪЩħͯ㹻Ԩħ棬ܹԼڵԨ֮ΪͬԨħ
λ渺۶ɼɱ֮Ԩħ桢Ԩħͯ޾Ԩĸ
һΣӿͷһ²Լĳ΢΢һþеһͬһʸһȻſ˾ջķһħͯһҧ
ǼޱȵħĴԨħ֮ͯУһεεѪԨħͯ¡
ֻԨħͯһʹŤһץסʴޱȵһ
һɾʹ֮д·Ҫֱӳűǧһ֮ʣתʿŵһĴطһޱȵ䶯֮һ˿Ԩ֮ǷޱȵĿһ±޴Ԩħֱͯҧ
ƬɫħѪԨħͯʹޱȵڵһᣬʧȥֱȥ
ǿľʹſһһڵԨħͯʬ塣
ԨħͯʬΧԨħ˵Ǵ֮һֻһֻԨħ䶯
һ̳Ԩħͯʬ壬һ߽ǿԨħһһ̳ԣĸСʱ֮Ǵһҡ
ǵһ֮о֮һӿһǿޱȵԨ֮һ˿һ
һ鴤֮Уһֻƴ仯ɵԨħ֮ȻճҺ˺ͷԨħ棬ԨħһֻԨħͯ
ӦԼı仯΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺壬һ¿طԼʵˡ
Ԩħ̬Ȼطܹطȴ޼ֻǱԨħƿԼ塣
ڽΪԨħܹ֮ͯʿԨط
޾Ԩλ˴ʿʵ۶ѹÿһʿʵ۵Ƕλǰ޾Ԩ޾Ԩλ֮ǿɱһ֡
Ϊ޾Ԩǹᴩλ棬渺ļ塣޾ԨλʿĻ֣ҲڿԵʿʵۼֲڵһλ档
ʷȷص˴ʿʵ޾Ԩ֮նɱаʿʵۼԨħ
޾Ԩ֮Ȼÿһ춼ᵮϡŹֵħǿһЩħﶼѾʿо͸ҿַ˼ǿط
ǲ֮λ֮ҲħʿħʿԨħʿӵԨħѪʿȻЩʿܹסԨħҡѪıܣᱻʿֱӲ
޾Ԩ֮УħɱʿҪ򵥵öֻ࣡ҪͣɱͣĳԣܹԨ־ľˣøӵǿ󣡡
һץֱӽԨħץŤͷһתطֱӽԨħɵøɸɾ
Ԩ֮Уطʺң
治ϵץһԨħԼһطһתͽһԨħɡ
潫һ˿˿Ԩ֮˫צ֮ϡ˫צɱ䣬øӷ
ǲϵԨħĹ֮УԨ֮Լ˫צ˫ȣצӸӷ˫ȸ
̶һСʱʾͱɣצҲʮף·һ㣬һܹɵնһͷԨħԴ
ȥħͯˣ
濴Լצӣ¶һ˿֮ɫתһֻħͯȥ
һֻħͯһ棬ʱѿ죬¶ͬҰһݣ֣׳צӣʾ
ħͯצǵĹֶΣҲǿŵ˵ֶΡ
ħ֮ͯһ㲢ɱϾǶûбʤİաҪǴܾ˻пΪЩԨħʳ̳ЩսСޱȵħ棬Щħͯ׵Ľ֮·
˿ûһֻħͯȥͬһͷ֮еԱ
ֻħͯâһȻһˣһצ۾ץȥ
һಽצһ´ֻħ֮ͯڣӲĽֻħͯ˳
ֻħͯ˫һһʬ塣
ץסħͯʬ壬һתطħֱͯɵøɸɾ
ɵֻħ֮ͯԨħһֱߣԨħԨħͯͨͨɱɣϵԼʵ
ʮͷԨħͯٶԨħ֮һһɹǿޱȵԨ֮ʱ֮ۡ
ʿĵ伮֪֮ھѡʱ
󲿷ֵԨħͯ׶ΰձܽȻΪϡŹֵԨħܹΪʲôħȫƾ
ʿ̵о΢΢һǹǿޱȵԨ֮նħķת
ʱһһ±һһֻϸСǣʵޱȵĶħ塣
ȭͷӦԼŵǿ̾ħ壬Ӧӵһʿѧͽҵս޾Ԩ֮УֻҪȻʵþˡֲЩԨħ·ɱ֮Ļȳ棬ôɱҲɱɾʿʵ۶ûа취
潵ٵ޾Ԩλ棬ûжκԴһ·ɱֻһ죬Ѿӵһʿѧͽսෲ˵ֱֽ졣
濴ǹâĺɫ̫һĨ֮ɫҹ쵽ˣҸѨڲԨħ棬ɵֵסҹʴ
ҹ޾Ԩλҹ޾ԨİǺɫ̫ɢޱȵĹߣ޾Ԩӵһ˿˿ɵĹâϣȴûһߡǵ¶ȻʮȣһϾͽ͵ʮ¡
޾Ԩ֮Уҹ²һٶȣЩԨħ׾ͻᱻֻԨħṹ죬ʮҲǡ
滷Χһۣ۾һԶһ޴ĶѨһͷԨγɵĳѨ
ԨħӸԨħ޷ΪԨħͯΪָԨħ
ԨЩԨħɵԨħһ֡
Ԩϲ򶴣ƶ;޴ʳǱ鲼ԨħӵԨħ档
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СΧһۣȷû֮󣬲Ŵ󲽵ԨĶѨȥ
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һͷͷۼصԨħոտ棬ͱһȭɱͬһ̹һǾۼѹȥ

һͷָ߼ԨħǾۼ֮зɳһŭ
һЦһΣһ³Ǹ߼ԨħǰһצǸ߼Ԩħ֮ڣǸ߼ԨħڳȻתطͷ߼Ԩħһ
ͷ߼Ԩħһ£һĻҽ˫֮г˾֮ɫ
ĵͼԨħһĻж¶һ˿֮ɫ׷Χȥҿ档
ɨͼԨħһۣâһݺݵǵҾǵˣ˭
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ΧĵͼԨħһۣϥһֱӹ˵ϣѡ˳
˵Ǿۼȥһʯ棬һңһöԨħࡣ
Ǹ߼Ԩħ۷ԨħȻ޷Ļƽħ
Ԩħǵ棬ͬʿ󲿷Լ֮һ

΢΢һһץסһöԨħ࣬תطһ½Ԩħȫɡ
һ˲䣬âһһǴһȦΪ˸߼Ԩħ
ͨĸ߼ԨħҪԨħȫҪķ꣬ʮʱ䡣׾ٵľܹԨħطĿֲ֮
ڵı仯ĬĬţͨĶħطԨħֱܹӽΪԨħǻƽħȴͬҪ뻹ҪԨħ࣬һٸ߼Ԩħȫ
ûãǸۼصĲƸͱѹһգͬʱİٶԨħһۼֱӹȥ
޾Ԩ֮УһһۼرֱӹƣҲѩһ㲻ϵ
֮һۼ֮ǰһǧԨħͬˮһǸۼطȥ
һͷԨħϣͬһƥħ֮ϣһֻħǿ˿
һǧԨħ֮УѾʮмԨħеĸ߼ԨħѾɱһգֻЩмԨħΪצ
ʵȻǿޱȣҲҪצռԴάѹˡ
ֳһ׵ľ޴ԨħԨħ֮УĻӶǾ޴Ĺ·Ԩħͳͳնء
淽Բ׵ķΧ֮ڣһγһ޴ĸûԨħҿ
Ȼ֮䣬һɴħĿֲϢǾۼڲڶһͷֻСǣһԶħ֮ʻҺɫΪӢԨħȻ𣬳ڰ֮С
ֵĴħ󣬻ʮ߼Ԩħĸ档
ֻԨħ˰ףԨĪоµĵһǿߣɵأҺ㣬ߵħ׸ҡҿΪҵĲ£ҽΪһԨħ
Ԩħ
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׷һǧͼԨħһӦɵصϢʱɫ䣬г˼ɵƲ
ԨħһӲһǧͷԨħں֮ڣԨħѾʿ½˼㡣ԨֱӷѣΪԨˣ淢𹥻
Ҫҵħȥ
һĨ֮ɫһָƽȻһתŵĻƽʸͬƽһɵֱӺȥ
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ɵͬһĨâָһţһâħȻǰ
ǻƽһ´âħ֮ϣתӲĴâħܣһ´ɵصļ򣬽ұֱӺ顣
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ɵһ𺧣Լ۾

һӰһ³ɵصıһצɵص֮ڣתطӲĽɵصһͳͳա
ɵؾлɻҡ
һǿޱȵȻӿĳƿһɾ޴Ԩ֮עֱͻһ½ΪԨħһɿֲϢ֮


753 Ԩ
ɨɵµʮ߼ԨħǼǳң
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ʮ߼Ԩħûаԥһ¹˵ϣ
̤֮е棬Ŀɿڴг𺧣ҵˣ̫ˡ
̶̼ʱ䣬һмԨħһ·Ϊ˴ħֽٶȣĵͼԨħУֱ졣
˿֮ҲһĨ˷ܵĹâҵˡҸˡ
ħϲǿߡ˿Ȼ㣬һ궼ȴڽΪħʱ򣬾ѾħרͬʱҲߵʮ˾ŮˮƽʵһʿҲδĶ֡
ڹǳԨĪоһǧǰĳУߴһǧƽ
Ǻڹǳ֮һһʮԨħͬʱһֻ˵ľԨħš
ûоѱԨħһǿߣͻתΪԷˡЩϸѵԨħȻս֮УȻûֻͣҪ־ŵĴħûͻƴս׵ꡣ
Ǻڹǳ룬һޱȵĳǱǳǱĲſǿޱȵĽ磬ıƬĻ
޾Ԩ֮еĻΪӣϵ²һٶϡԨħȻЩ²û̫ĸоǵkǴλ°ӶŮȴֵסǿֲ²Ԩ֮ʴ
ǺڹǳǳǱ֮ڣԨħĪоһߺɫĹײԱߣſһһޱȵԨħԴԴϵĴǾߺɫĹײ֮ӿûkڡ
Ȼ֮䣬洫һˣһħħǻƽħ
Īоһ˫ۿһĨâ˳֮УħĻƽħǿôͶң
ԥһ£Īоȥڹǵ
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ڹǵǺڹǳǱ֮أǺڹǵ֮аڷŸָǿԨħı걾Ԩħͷ­ҫĪо
޾Ԩλ֮УԽǿĶħŻ׷档СǻᱻĶħ̵ͷʣ
һŲ֪ʹʲôħͷɵ֮ϣĺһħ裬߻һЩԨλеĽ
Ԩλӵ೬ֲͬҲĽЩĽλĴǾ綾ǶԨħ˵ȴǴ֮ζޱȵʳ
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Ȼôһֻɫħˣֱ޴˼㣡
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˿ֻħԶͨħҪɫֵҪԶԶĻƽħ֮ϡĪоܹԨΪԨԲʲôĴ֮ǿ˿Իֶȡ
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ĪоһڹǵĿһ˿˿ϣ̰֮ɫ˹
ͷϵĻƽһļƽȻһһƽâλ֮ȻһצĪоȥ
СȻҴɱң
ĪоҲսɱԨħоһŭȻǴһȦӴޱȵħƣһƬһ³λãųâ
һצһ´Ƭ֮ϣͬ˸֮һ㣬ױԴǴħĻƽħԨħоϵĲࡣ
漸͵ϮһĹҲɱһͷԨħоԨħоһצѾԨħоڳˡ
ԨħоȻʵǿޱȡƽħսˣҪƾ츳ɱһͷԨħоҲʮѡϧҲͨĻƽħط
һĨâֱתطĪоಿλצӷɣӲĽĪоĲɡ

ĪоʧɫһĨ֮ɫһצͬȥ
һһƽ֮Ȼ֣ǰ
Īоһצǻƽ֮ϣԨħоĿֲ˲䱬ӲĽɡ
צ˲һһʣĪоһ½һ롣
Īоһ·һʹĲҽУƬɫħѪ֮һȻڼֵ䶯š
һΣһ³ĪоǰһȭĪоȥ
ĪоһһµסһȭֱͬһѪɢء
ĪоһޱȵĲҽУҪɱңҿ԰һͳͳ͸㣡һɣԸ⵱Ĳ£ūˣ
ȥ
һЦһȭһȭĪоȥ
ȭ֮Īо㱻ǿֱֲȫѣѪ˵ϡ
ǰһצĪо֮УطĪоȫɡ
ĪоӦڵı仯ĪоѾǿʿڵǿߣϧƽħ̫ѡһҽ
ɨһǺڹǵ֮еԨħӽҾǵˣ𣿡
ЩͼԨħǼһĻһ񣬹ǣˣ
ԨħǶһȺӲɱǵ֤ԼǿЩͼԨħҲ᳼棬ȻǵжȻҲ˵
ֻҪиǿԨħ棬ܹΪе
ûԨԭڻԨ
ֱĪо֮ڣ֮еĹײģ¶һɢһ˿˿ԨԨʬ塣
һԨħʬİĪоŪֵġ
һץסԨħʬתطɣһǿޱȵԨ֮Ԩħʬ֮ӿעڡ
һ֮䣬㱻޾Ԩħ֡
תطһǿޱȵԨԭȻڤڤ֮ӿעڣһ½ΪԨħо
ӦһΪԨħоھͶһ˿취֮Ԩһ˿Ȩһ˿ȨҾܹƿѡ񳼷ҵĶħֻҪһţһͿ԰ǵ֧Ԩħ
ԨħӲûԨħȨ֧䣬ЩԨħһǿĴڣϾͻѡԭִԨȨĴڣֻܹеѡ񳼷ԨħһͿЩѡ񳼷kԨħɱ޷
ԨȨ޾Ѫս֮УԨħܹԨħħɱһħ֮еǿ߾ֱӱꡣ


754 ԨӾħ
ԨħıϾֻһʬ壬Ԩħʬ֮ҲֻǽԨħо۷ĳ̶ȣֻһͿԽΪԨħӾ
һĨâԨħоѾǼޣҪͻƣֻܹǰѪսƽԭħһѪս
Ȼ滹ԴӲ֮λ潫ԴԴϵԴ͵޾ԨԨħٵĽ޾Ԩ֮УΪ˿һȫǣ·Ԯ̫࣬ôͻᱻǿĴڷ֡
Ѫսƽԭ޾ԨλλĽ紦ħԨħлɱ޾Ѫս֮УħԨħԻþ޴
ħָȥ֮ǹħΪչ޾Ԩλ淢γ޾Ѫս
޾ս֮УǻҺԨħϵսܣǵҲʴ޾ԨɿʼһѾ˾Ųǵڲϵ
޾Ԩ֮λĸγɣÿһ궼ڲϵ󡣾㱻˾Ų㣬ҲȻʹ޾Ѫս֮ɱħҲԻԨϲãٽ
Ǳ߾Ѫսƽԭٹȥħڣ
ͳ˧ԨħѪսƽԭıԵԶԶľͿѪսƽԭ֮УԨħħڽŷɱ
ʱʱһǿϢֱѪսƽԭ֮ڶͬÿʱÿ̶дԨħħ
˫һĿԨħħֹԨħͣҲϣҺһӵϣĹЩħ
ħȻͬһֻֻɭϣսѪӢһ㣬γһͣʩչַЩԨħǺȥ
ЩԨħͬˮһĴħɵĽʯ֮ϣȻ顣ЩԨħ̫࣬ͱˡ
濴ѪսƽԭԼоһԨԭս֮ϺһĨ˷ܳӪȥɱһ󣡣
ѾмԨħǣˣ
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һΣͬһɫһ㣬Ѫսƽԭ֮зӶȥ
һѪսƽԭһһ׵ĻƽУǳ׵Ļƽһնͷħ㱻նء
һͷħ֮зɳԨգȻһޱȵԨ֮һ¹עڡ
ڵı仯һĨâԨֻ֮ҪɱȥҾܹͻƿΪӾԨ
֮䣬ֱħ֮УеĻƽһſֲޱȵķ籩ħͳͳնɱԨ֮һӿڣʵ
֮еħն飬Ӳնһ·һħ֮еǿע⡣
һͷŻɫͷһֻ׶Ͷǣףʵޱȣֳһ޴һоħ˫âӶǾ޴ޱȵֱӳ
Ǿ޴֮ƬƬԨħ⽴ͷоħʮ֮ͺɱ˳һͷԨħǰǾ޴ݺȥ
ȻͬףҲҶǲ֪
΢΢һ࣬еĻƽһһƽâоħһ
ͷоħһ¶һߣһĨ֮ɫ˲ѳ룬ƬѪء
һǿޱȵԨ֮һ֮ϣԨλϲá
һӾԨħһ̤ħǿߵ
һΪӾԨħһΣһƽ籩֮ƬƬĵħֱնɱΪ֡
ӾԨħˣȤҰ˹ɱ㣡
ħ֮УһӾ۷壬ǣߴ󣬷·һӢ֮ӵħӾĿһϣ¶һЦݡ
ЩҲ޼ɵɱ¾һɱһԨħͬЩħǴ󲿷ֶѡԼһЩĶɱ¾ǲܹٵԼʵ
һħӾһһǶһöε챦ʯŤ۾ɢһֲֿϢġħ˵kС
ħӾ΢΢һΣһɫĹâӶȥ
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ӵСħûСħħʵȫͬ
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ħӾһЦеġħ֮һö۾һɫӡǡħ֮ħӾϣõkٶȻһ
Ӳˣֻܹսˣ
һĨ⣬һץߵһͷԨħץħӾ˹һ
飡
һɫĽһͷԨħķѣɢ䡣
һ޴ޱȵĻƽħӾķնȥ
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ħӾһЦеġħһ۾Ȼӡӿkڣӽһն
һɫĽҫһնǾ޴Ļƽ֮ϣǻƽֱն飬˳ն£һֱն
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˲ʩչһƴȼ߻ƽħһȼȻ˷һħӾ˹ǰһצӲĴħӾ˹֮ڣתطӲĽħӾ˹ɡ
ħӾ˹΢΢һΣ޾𺧣һĻɻңеġħҲ˵ϡ
һһ¸ӦԼı仯ͷħӾһ֮ҵʵٴαһء߻ƽħȼֻʣǧˡ
ȻʧǴһ㣬ֻҪΪԨħʧͿȫֲԻø


755 ͻ
֮У˴˵֮е֮⣬ǻ嶼ӵԨħҲ⡣
ͼԨħӵҵмԨħ߰ꡢ߼ԨħһǧꡢħǧꡢħоǧꡢħӾǧꡢħꡢħꡢħ󹫾ʮꡣ
ЩǱħֻҪʳԨң޾Ԩλ棬ͿӳԼһꡣ
ЩԨֻҪ޾ԨĻһЩңͿͬһǧꡣ
ǱȴֻҪһֲ꣬ǻƽħȼ꣬൱ʧȥʮʳ֮ʯҲֲʧֻнΪԨħܹøƾõ
һУǱնϵұһ·˻ϴһӣһƽâҫѸٵ
Ӧڵ΢΢һ¶һ˿˷ܵЦ⣺ͷħӾʵǿӦһӾ۷ǿߣ˵kһ֮ҲӵӾħڵ
ʱһöͷͻȻѣ飬ɢء
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ΰоµĹܼоѾѪսսλʲôҪ飬о˻֮о
һͿԨħоһĨâǰһ¶һŰЦݣҾǴо֮еֻħ򣬱ɱǣ
һɿޱȵħͷо֮ƬԨħһɫ䣬г˿־֮ɫ
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ǶھӪ֮еĿ˿ɫ䣬һһӡͷ
оЩԨħһۣҹ򣬾ȥ
Ϊ沿µԨħʮ߼Ԩħһ𣬲óһ·
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һ־˵Źſ˵ϣȴûó·

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оһ̤ǾӪ֮ڣɨһվһԵĵͼԨħֻħģ˵˵Ƕ
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˿ɫ԰ףһſħ֮ĴųԶȥ
һĻɫҲüֻħȴûһֻһֻôɫɣ
о˿֮۾΢΢һ˷ܣһץһɫԨħͬһĵǿ˿һ˿סӲĴ֮г
ǿ˿岻ϵţȴȻоߣһѱס
һֻɫħһǴŮȤĵһ˰ɣ
о˷һЦһɫħһڵkϵסƤͳͳɣ¶һǿ׳壬һ½˿˵ϡ
Ԩħǻҡָ۶ɵĴڡֻħԨħӾϵԨħܹסԼǴ
Ƕħоǿ˵Ľ̶ȣоȻûнǿ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ף𣿡
һޱȵԶһԨħӾĿֲϢƬ
ԨħӾ
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ڳԨħһɫ䣬ѣԶ˾η
ӾԨѾħǿߣӵַ˼Ԩ֮λ棬ҲԲɱһЩС΢顣ͨ»ʿӾԨĶ֡
ӾԨԼ֮ڣȨܣпܻʿǿߡ
ħӾ
оɫȻ䣬һУһħҫɢϵһ·ɵԼϣ
һɫĹâһ³ǾӪĴ֮⡣

ɨ˴оĴħһۣһץһצһͷħ֮ڣתطǴħӲɣһѻҽ
ǲдʮͷԨħɫ䣬һȻ䵽ߣóһ·ɵĿ档
ײбĴоɵĿһۣӾǴоӾĶӣҲµо֮һֻħʮϲԸʮµ֮ʯֻħڷӾϣֻħҡ
ֻħҵĽᣬ㾹ȻҶ
һĨâǰ̤һһĨӰޱȵĳ˴о󣬺һצ˵k֮ڣתطŴо
㣬㾹ȻɱңҰְ֣ԲŹģȫҡ
һޱȵĲҽ֮УоֱӻҽƮɢ
õģְֺܿҲΪһ֣
һΣһӰǲдԨħӶȥʮԨħȻƴֵȻͬһ׷䣬лɻҡ
潫еĵɱ֮ɢſֲħΧһۡ
ǾӪ֮еԨħǷ׷׵ͷӡ
һȺȻҳҵĽᣬͳͳȥ
ɨЩԨħһۣһץһ޴Ȼ֣Ԩħһ·ûǾ޴֮ڣǾ޴һʣʱһҽУȻɻңɢء
ǾӪ֮еԨħһľս˿ҷ
潫ǧͼԨħɱ֮һ㣬һǿޱȵԨħһ¹עڣԵ˻еһº˴롣
ɨЩԨħһӣ
ԨħԼʮ߼ħѸٵĽԨħ֮Уʼӡ


756 նɱӾ
ԨħӾѾħǿߣԨ֮ҲѾһǿߡһЩСԨ֮УԨħӾ䵱Ԩˡ
ѪսƽԭԨħһһһĳǱЩǱһԨӾϵԨħĳǱ
Ѫսƽԭʱ޿̲սֻҪܹѪսƽԭ֮лȥܹһ·սΪԨħ
ѪսƽԭļҲǵԨħߺħ
ǺԨħͺħһѡѸ뿪ѪսƽԭΪսȥûкôΪ溣ֲڵ
ǺԨħصԼأԼѪսƽԭռĲ£ټԨȨܣǴ󹫾ԨħҲһսȻԼص֮£ܹȨܣֿߡ
Ϊˣ޾Ԩ֮УԨħ׼߲㣬ԲԼˡǴ󹫾ԨħһԨλĸ߲㡣
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һǧԨħһǱ֮ǰǳǱһָԨȨ
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һԵԨħǱ֮УһһĿ⼯ǷӾĳǱ֮У¶ֻ顣
Ԩħ֮ϵΪӣ໥ҲʮƽԨħȵħٱֹѪսƽԭ֮ϣԨħȻսŰܵԭ֮һ
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һԿŵԨħǽĿ⼯͸ͼᲮϣ˷ܵš
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߿ŵԨħһг˼ɵ֮ɫû˸档
޾Ԩ֮УǿΪѾǲԨħѾΪѪսƽԭ֮ǿһСûԨħԵ޹
ԭ븣ͼᲮõļԨħҲһ̰¶ģԲ潻
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ǳЫһĻ˫֮޾Ŀ־壬ס֣ʲôԴӦ㣬ס֣һҵħ棬ҪɱңԲŹģ


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һϧ֮һɫĽâһǻƷϣǻƷһն顣
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һΣһԶȥһҲû˸ֻܹĿԶӴܡ
ʱǳ֮еλãȻâһһӡȻ֣һͬˮһ˷ϯȥ
ǳǱݻˣ
ʿľ޳λ֣
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760 ɱħ
ǸСӺÿٶȣֲøɱҶӣҪǲܹɱЫʥĸһŹҵģ
ħӴޱȵһɨĸ֪澹һֲֿޱȵٶԽԽԶʱ־ŭ
ħһҧĬģſһ磬һžѪĿȻ𣬻һֻֻѪɫĳϣһֻֻޱȵѪɫһڣĳȡ仯Ϊһֻֻ޴ĳᡣ
ĳһӺһޱȵ쫷紵һ˿˿֮ħһ··˷һ㣬ϵзĵطԾ˲ƣһַ˼Ŀֲٶӽ
Сץˣȥ
ʮ֮䣬ħѾԾǰâһָһţƴСĳħ߱ħȻɳһſֲޱȵĳƣϯ
󲿷ֵĳħ涼ƣǺ߱ħȴͬһԼߣոָķҲɡʥʿĿֲǿ֣ܹ߳ϵķһɱʿǿߣûرҲѽһɱ
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һЦĿռһŤĲߢսȻɳһӰնɱЩ߱ħ档
ǵҫ֮£һֻֻ߱ħ汻ǲߢս˷׷նɱЩ߱ħҲʮײУӲ಻ߢս˵֮˿ڣǵľ綾ȴ޷ǲߢս̫˺
ħһĻĿ΢΢һһصеܣʲôˣΪʲôҪɱҶӣ
ǲߢս˵սΪˣħһĲߢս˾ӿһ˿ԤС
΢΢һЦ治溣ħͷӦѸ٣ǲɽǰΪȡ㹷
һɫĹâҫѾװšʹװסϣȻһƬ֮еֳֶʹ֮һħնȥ
ħɫ䣬һģ仯Ϊ뵶ۣһնһɫĵâնǶʹ֮ϡ
Ƕʹ֮ϼĺɫâһɫĵâֱնñ˳ƽħһֱնϡ
ħӵ溣ڵΪͲϣǵĶ֡ϣֻˡʹװסʵǱһأѾȫѹħ档
ħɫ䣬еɽħǲɽԩ޳ΪʲôǴĻɱң룬֮ӦЩᣡ
΢΢һЦûᣡΧɱԭ򣬵һԭҪĶڶԭǾɱҿ㲻˳ۡҪĶһͨ׵ķʽգȻ㲻˳ۣǾ˳ָɵˡɱһ溣ܣܹòƸҲС
ħײޱȣһǧͳͳɱΪһϵ֮ʯ㱻ħ˾׷ɱkҲֻ΢һ£ȴȻԲģǱ֮λɱ¾ˡһ׼ħͷŶɱģҪɵ
ħҧǰЫʥĸˣҪǸɱңЫʥĸԲŹģ
һ˿Ȼ֮ɫЫʥĸֲôɱħͷԭǰЫʥĸˣ
ЫʥĸǼ׿֮һЫŮҲǰЫŮ֮ΨһһΪ溣ܵĴڣܰЫӳ谮
ǰЫʿĿֲڣĿֲڣҲԸǡ
֮ӵеۼرǼ溣ܶõۼرǿԻһʿĿֲڡ
ʿǿӵпֲĻԣһԷҪƤĴɱڴ˵Ҳһ޴вϾһһ溣ܹ֮һʿǿ֮٣ֻЩʿʵλľ֮͢У溣٣ȴûһ˵ܹʿǿ߿⡣
һĨâҪɱˣǰЫʥĸҲֹˣkҪǸҾkһѹˣ֣
ɭ֮Уһ´һڷ˽֮һֻ·綼Ϊ֮ȼյĺɫȻɳſֲѹݺһħı
ħ汾ʵԶԶϣǺǿߣڱ̴ӱ͵ϮʱһѪȻǺڷ֮ȫ֣գޱȵĲҽС
ħɲЩǿ飬ֻһͨ溣ڴܣȻ޷ֵ溣۷ǿߵΧ
ֻħͬͨط΢΢һΣǲƵһ·ѣһɫĹâǲƵ֮зɳһɲ֮䣬˲ֳʮݣʮȥ
ʱɫǾޱȻγһյɫǾޱ磬Ƭշӡ
ʮɫĹâһײս֮ϣ׷ױɿ
ϣһΣһӰһɫĹâ֮ϣӽһս̺źڰĽ֮еɫâͳͳ顣
һɫâ΢΢һΣһ±Ϊħ̬޽ڲٵĹڵϣԸͶһɣԸΪΪūΪ澣ţһɣ
ħħͷûнڲ٣ܵвʱȫԷΣġһлᣬħͷԻᷴһˡ
浭Įɱˣ
ϣһΣһ³ħıһն䣬ǺɫĽâ˲佫ħֱնɱ𣬽ֻʣһö溣֮ˡ
ЩϧĿħ溣֮һۣϧʿϾȲٶȿ졣Ѫλ棬նɱѪ󹫾Ϳһ溣ܼǿߡ
ѪλѪѪٶ֣λѪֻҪܹлλѪѪܹһ·ƿĲϽѪ廯ҲΪˣܹ׽ΪѪ󹫾
Ӵޱȵ֮΢΢һɨ㽫ħĴָ֮ڵĶȫȻģûԹħѪʯԼĶ֮ˣ
һΣϣǡ溣ħĳѨֱӷȥ
ϣǡ溣ȻԼϢǵk֮ǰնɱħ汬溣ϢѾЩħˣû˸ҳĿħϳȥ
ʲôˣħĶ
˸ոշɵħĶ֮ǰһòޣɢһ»ĳħ˱㵲ǵǰ
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761 ʹ֮ص
һ㣬âȻۣγһֻȳħһץ
ֻȳħſһ磬һ̺޾ۻϢѪһֻ˲ϯȥ
һޱȵѪһºǷ֮ϣ̵ȻǷ󱬣˳һץֱӽȳħץС
һֻȳħһǾסӡû˵kڣkӲСһָֻСȡ
һУȳħ˱ֱӷһ֮ڣӡ
ϣһΣһɫħĶ֮ڣħĶ֮ڱ㷢ޱȵĲҽ֮
ָһţ˻һƬħĶ֮ڷȥ
ϢЩзɳһǧļܹɵĹ֮н
ҵˣ
滯һɫĹâûħĶãһԨħǿʬĶ֮ڡ
Ƕ룬һռشԼһٹҵĳǳ֮УɫҺ壬ǳһöɫˮˮ֮ɫӡԨħǿߵʬ֮УȡԨħǿʬγɣһεκɫҺ壬˳롣
¶һ˿΢Цʹ֮أЩĶʹ֮أܹ溣Ķʹ
Ķʹ֮أĿǰʿԼյĿѸɹǿʹ֮ءĶʹ֮ϣʹ֮أʥʹ֮أԼ񼶶ʹ֮ء
Щʹ֮ضҪԴԼϡŵرܹƶɡЩ඼ǿıƳɹ
Ҷϣ
һɳǸߣӽһնһɫĽâһǾ޴Ķ֮¡
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һ¡ľ֮Уһ޴ɽͱһն롣
һץӡûӵжʹ֮صĶ֮ڣǸҲʮֹĲС˰ƴСûС
溣ܾѾӵժ£ݻһ9λĿֲܡݻһɽͣҲֻС
ʲô
ħĶһ˲䣬һ٣һֻƴСһų̺ɫװף岿λΣ˫۳죬ɢһɹϢĵһ·С
ǵ֮дһɹޱȵϢʿҲԼоЩ
ãã֮УӵĴڣھʿ֪еİһݿ⣬ݿķḻûֵļء
һᣬ΢΢һֽǹĵӡһ֮ڡ
ĿѾ֣ǳ
ϣһкԥԶȥ
ǺôĹȻɱҰЫʥĸˣ
һޱȵĺ֮Զ֮ƲƫƣһγһüŰЫӡһЫβͣ飬Ը޵ĶŮӰĵˡ
溣ܼǿȫԸ֣һɱһʿǿߡͬʱҲֱ֮ӽͶӰͶӰûʲôֻһ̬Ȱˡ

Ŀ䣬һȣָһһ߾ȻɳһûǰЫʥĸڷȼ
ǰЫʥĸͶӰһ˲ͱǿޱȵ߾ֱӷգ˻ҽ
΢΢һΣһûһɽ棬ֱӴһСǽ֮һͷǽ֮ڣʧ
ľ޳λ֮иƣǿꡣ׿ӵʿĿֲǿߣһ֮󣬱㵱ѡߣֻ·һ
һ֮ɢ溣ֲǿһ³ɽ֮ǰ
溣ΪһǰЫʥĸǰЫʥĸվòŲ̬̬ͨһۿȥԵëȻĳħǿߡ
һһͣϰ벿ȴǲӬĳħ˳Ыھɱȥ
Ыʥĸǻ۵ĹâʮǵҡͷɽˡǸڲ֮λ֮˾޴˵Ĳɽݶһûô򵥡׷ȥֻɱ֮ҰְֵƲ⣬ɽӦʿϵĿֲǿ򡣡
һͷ­ȴһԶħ֮ĳħ˳¾ô𣿡
ֻܹˣһΣλ棬ҾԻɱ
ЫʥĸһһָһɫĹâҫһǽ֮ϣһǽ֮ŶʱһҳƮɢ
ǽ֮һߣһֻӴޱȵĽͬʱ֡
Ȼ֮䣬ǽ֮һŤȻȫʧ
ӹһĨϧ֮ɫȻϵһѲļһ
ǰЫʥĸͨǽ֮ŴʿǿߣҲȫԸԷݺһʿش
ڰЫʥĸܹã޷ܣҲɵk
ʿʵ۲µĳʹ涼ҳֻɱһʿ޷ɵη塣
ǽ֮ʧ֮һֻӴޱȵĽҲֱʧǽ֮С
޾Ԩλ档
һӾĳǱ֮ڣֳսĺۼ
ǳǱĵһ޴ޱȵĹ㳡Ǿ޴ޱȵĹ㳡һ޴ޱȵĶʹ֮ء
ʱǶʹ֮ΧѾûԨħʬ壬Ƕʹ֮ص룬һʹĵǶʹؿǶһöˮӴޱȵԨ֮˷ϯûǶʹؿڵˮ֮ڣγһεκɫҺǶʹ֮еˮ֮С
ʹ֮ʺϽĵط޾Ԩ޾Ԩ֮гźڰֻҪǶʹ֮ؽĵطͿԴԴϵĳȡԨ֮תΪڰ
汾һ׿ԸԨ֮ʴսץһͷسʹ˹Ƕʹ֮ǰ
ǳسʹ˹һǶʹ֮أʱɫ䣬һĿ־еʹ֮أȾңҶ䣿ס֣ôԲŹģ
κζʹڵkԭ˵ͽһǳسʹǶʹ֮Ⱦ䣬ǳ֮ԲŹkǡ
ԥĽ˹ʹ֮һӡ
ڰͬˮһ˹֮ӿȥһ־ĲҽУҪ
һ˿˿Ȩܴ˹ӿǺڰ֯һ໥˹ɵһıȻɺڰ𽥹ɵ
󵨣
Ȼ֮䣬һ˿ʿʵ۵Ŀֲ˹ӿʹ֮ض˺ѡ
ԨȨܣѹ
ԨħâһһŭһӴޱȵԨ֮γɵȨȻһѹһ˿֮ϡ


762 ʹ
һӴޱȵԨ־Ȼ٣һƵײһ𣬿ޱȵ־ͻʵ磬һ޴籩Ƕʹ֮صĳˮ·ɽ
һƵǱԨ־ʴΪС
һƵԨ־ͬһȼĴڣһƵԴ֮ˮޱ֮ľԨ־ȴԨԴԴܹ׵ĽһƵѹ
ǲ²ǳسʹûô׶䣬ŽԨĻ
սۣ汾һֶֻܹԨѹıϾԨȻҲ޷Ԩ־ļӻ
һƵһѹʴĶʹˮһû˳سʹڣǺ޵ֿĳسʹȫʴ
ĬģǶʹ֮һָɫӡûǶʹ֮ڣͬʱֱ׳һöϵȵ֮ʯûǶʹ֮ڡ
ʮ֮һɿֲޱȵϢǶʹ֮֮˹һ´Ƕʹ֮зɳ˵ϣϥǰ˹
һĻ΢΢һ¶һЦݡ
˹ʹ溣ĿֲʹkǱתΪʹ֮ͬ溣Ķʹ֮еһǿ
һض˹ʵǿеĳ֮ǲǲ֮λڰʿʳʱڵʿʵ۳֮
ڰʿʳʱڵʿʵ۳֮ǿͳһ֮λ棬ͬʱλľǿߡǵkʢʱڣһʿʵۼǿУˣȶ֮λˣһṳ֮̂λ棬kҲԻᱻΪǿʿʵ֮һ
ãã֮Уӵλ棬ͬҲִƳȨܵ鳿֮ҪȷǸ֮ǲǲ֮λڰʿʵ۳֮
ǵ𣬳֮͸˵kΰĵڰʿʵ۳֮kھǳλ֮
ҵĹ۲յ鱨֮ȷʵǲ֮λڰʿʵ۳֮
λ棬ղ֮λĻ֣ڶλ棬ʮλͬһȼλ档ĳ֣֮ҳ䵱˵k·
Ǹ֮˵ǵڰʿʵ۵ĳ֮ɿ˵ǣڳ֮ı屻Χɱ֮ǰkĻ֮һ͵ȼ˵kռһٽΪ顣
Ǹ֮ҵǰˣ
˹ΪϸĽ˵
΢һԭһ
ܵλ汾ԴľˣκһֻҪԼ֮ڣͿԻϡǿʿŪһλΪ顣һʹѾ긯ֱ࣬䣬Ҳͨһַʽ
ȻӵƾޱȵҲͬܵλ鱾һ뿪λʱ䳬ʮ죬ͻÿ1%ĿֲٶֻҪ뿪λ治ĸµʱ䣬ͻ˥Ψһǽתݡ˴󲿷ֵ鶼Իķʽλ档
һʵ֮Ŀǰӵжʿϵʹ
˹֪֮ӵа˰پʮʿʹһʮ溣ʹʿʹʥʿʹûмҲû鱨֤kĴڡݳ֮·Ӧûһʥʿĳʹڣػŵk
һĨ֮ɫһʮ溣ʹʿʹΪʿʵ۵ǿߣȻ̾ˣ
ǳ֮ǲ֮λʿʵۣkһ·֪˶λ棬նɱ˳һǧϵĳ֮Դǳλǵkĺ֮һȻҲ˵k֧֣ܹӵ˶ǿߡ
һ˹ˣ֮ǰַ𣿡
ձǳ֮Ѿڰʿʵǰǿ󣬲kִַ档ֻҪɳʿϵĳʹټЩ溣ʹΪȫԽݵֱӲƽ
ǳ֮ŵʹţԽǴֱӹ
ᣬ֮Ȼǿ󣬲ȻиǿĵҪԸǼʮ֮ڣһֱڳλأһʮȽš֪Ѿʮλȫ˳֮֮Уʮλ涼Ƶķϵ
˼ȻУζӵɱ溣ʹճ֮·ʽӦûϸĶ飬ĵϸ֮󣬲Żǰ档򡣡
볹׵ﳿ֮ôýʹţȵ볿֮ʱóȥнȡ棬Էĳޡ
˹ʮ֮·񣬽鱨ͨͨ档
һҽʹͨͨתˣǳ֮ʲôӦ
˹ô˫ͽ𡣳ܹóݳޣһʱ죬ǳ֮ͻǿߣΣյʱ򣬸һ
Ȩջѡ˷ʹתΪʹ
֮һλ񣬵kʵѹһڰʿʵѾԶԶ硣kȻֲޱȣֵܹĴڡǿԻޣҲ⽫ʹԷ
ǳ̣֮Ȼôöûҵ鷳
˹֮ưһʱ£ͬҲޡk˥ϵʱҲ˶ΧkkĻȻøСģϾڵĵk֮ǰʵʵֻ̫дڳ֮УܹõkаĸС
ʵԽǿ˽ӴĲԽߣѵʵҲԽǿͬ˵ʵҲԽǿ곿֮ѹһǿС󲿷ֵǿڵkУЩȴһɳΪ˼ΪֲĴڡڳ֮Ҳֻж֮ڣܹ֤ȫ
һת΢΢һԭˣ֮Ƕ޷вҵİȫֻҪԼͲǵkƴȫҡϾkиǿĵˣЩȣһ񡣡
ֻ֮һڵkеĴҲʥʿϵǿߡ溣ڵkҲʲô
ʱоǴħӡĺ΢΢һһǺֱȡ򿪡
һޱȵĵȻһԴԴϵ˷Ԩ֮ǵ֮һûмĹϸСȻ֣ɢһء졢ǿ󡢿ֲ
Ԩ΢΢һȡһ«ԴԴϵԨħӺˮǹޱȵĵһ
ǹޱȵĵͬһ׵ĺڶԴԴϵԨħӺˮ


763 ֮ʹ
һԨħӺˮǹޱȵĵɣȴȻûֹ
Ԩһ¶ԨȨһУǧ֮һԨħ֮еĺˮȻɳһһ·ԴԴϵûǹޱȵĵ
ǹޱȵĵһһҹԨħӺˮһ
ԨһһԨħӺˮ֮һ
Լʮ֮ǹޱȵĵһ¿ѣ¶һöɫξ塣
ԨһǺɫξ壬۾΢΢һһץһöξԼһ
һöεľһûԨڣһɿֲޱȵ˲䱬û˵k֫ٺ֮ڡ
ԭԨѾѪսս֮ϻ˴۳ΪԨħ۷Ĵڣڵõһöξʱٴɱ䣬һٿԽԨħ֮Ǿ޴ƿΪԨħ
濴ѾΪԨħĻһۣüͷ΢΢һݿ֮ûмءҪзо
ǹޱȵĵʿݿ֮ûмأ˭Ҳ֪һɹ᲻ıǻ뱾֮ϵ
ʿ֮г˹죬ܵӽʿ̺֮űıԶ档Իཻǵľʿ֮нֻһЦǱ֮£ԴﵽԶԶνȵ¶ȡ
ǹĵʿݿ֮ûκʾľ衣ǲСһ㣬һԨħȾձҲǲܵ顣
Ԩħޱȵͬף
һȶԾţԨħһݵһװȫĵʵ֮ڡ
ǸȽ˵ɨ㿪ʼԨħɨ衢
쳣
ͨĻƽħǿ5%
ǿ3%
ѪҺǿ12%

ĿǰѾյϽзսʾûõǿ쳣ξ壬ӦǵתɵһָߵħܡħܵתʽЧʣĿǰյļ
һϢһ·˻
һĨâļǷܹ
ĿǰյϷļˮƽԽȫʢʱڵĿƼһ㼶Ҫļǻøõϡ뽫Ƽ㼶пܽһ㼶ļ
΢΢һݣǵ֮ɫ񣬾Ȼôڲ֮λ棿
֮󣬼ûֹͣʿռյĸʾ嵱ưƬʱǿʱɱʥĿֲڡʿʵۼĿֲǿߣʤδ֪֮
ļˮƽԽȫʢʱڵĿƼˮƽζǸһԶĿֲֲпߣǸӿֲǿĴڡ
һᣬ㽫Ǹ񽻸ԨʿףܹȻҲߵĴڻƷ䵽硣ЩҲǸߵ潵ĴҲ˵ֲεĴڸܹӴĴڣ˼Ҳˡ
ʱţһµʱת˲š
ݲɽ֮ܲһһͷɫ̷еȣǹŵЦݵӳڲɽ¡һһŮһһŮеӢŮһĳɫ
һ溣ʹԼǰݼɽ

ǲɽ֮ܲһһɫĹâǳʹԼǰγһɫĽݡ
Լһ̤ǽɫĽݣһɫĹâҫǱһޱȵĵ֮ڣǵõ֮һ档
һһңֱվϣԼǿߡǶ϶һ˿ǵĿͬʱڰԼɢһ˿˿溣
Լǰ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ʹԼɽ˵սħ̫ϳ棡
Ŀ΢΢һô鵽ģ
滯Ϊɽ֮󣬼ûݳֹֻ볿֮ʹһսʱùݡǳ֮ץסһô̵ʱ֮ھͲݣֱƿֲ
Լ΢΢һЦչʾż⣺Ͼǲ֮λˣ֮λ棬ܹסĶĿ
浭档
Լ֮ǰһССĳͻ˵ʹǵСkǻǣΪԸ֧ͬȵĴۡȻ£ǿһʹ
ʹΪŽ׷ֱ׷ֱǳʹʹʹʹʹʹȨʹʹʹ
ʹǿͬʹ֮ǿĴڣԽΪսĴڡʹԽΪսʿĴڡʹֻܹΪ溣ܼĴڡ
سʹ͵ֵסֵΧkǵս֮ǿɼһߡ
浭ʹһѾתΪ˶ʹֻܹ𻹸ǡʹһҲСתһʹһҪһ溣ܵԴͿ԰ѵkˡ
ԼԸУΪŮһſʹ֮һ溣֮ݺݵĵ棺ʲô㾹Ȼǵֵܸתˣˣ㲻Ǹ⳥ôΰԲŹǵģ
˫֮һųһâͬһͷֲһ¸հĿֲϢ֮Ķ溣Ůʹɭޱȵΰĳ֮ȷʵǿޱȣԶԶ֮ϡҲǴʬɽѪɱġһΣԭǳңһѾܸˡ˵ƴƣ
볿֮˺Ƥֻܹѡ֮λ治ɽĻҵӵλ档
ӵеĿֲһĽֻҪԵõҲܹɵʮϵ溣ʹ
Լüͷ΢΢һ壬ȵסڣ
һŮʹݺݵĵһۣһ³Ĭ
Ұˣһ̸еļɶ
Լɨһۣӹһ˿ȴ΢΢һ̾ϧҰյСڻܹ˺Ƥ
ԼʷʮһֲֻֻȻȲϳ֮ʮĻۣһ˺ƤôпܴƳ֮ǿ֮ƽ⡣


764 
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濴Լ˺һһĨâ֮Ҳ뽫ִ󡣵k鷳ӦҲС
˴ʿʵÿһǼ򵥵Ľɫڵkȫʢʱ˸ҶԵkµ溣֣ܳkһ֮£ǿ߾ͻὫkǵĵ˴ݻٻǽ硢޾Ԩڤʿʵ۵Ҳȫǵĵط
֮ͬһʿʵۣkݻٵĵͬԼȻãȻΪĳ֮ͬ鷳ǿС
Լǰΰ֮⡣ϣܹѣ
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Լſ֣һö̬ͨѶħзɳȥҵͨѶħҪϵңͨͨѶħܹϵҡ
Լ潫ͨѶħץУ¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢һôҾȸˣ
һ֣һɫĹâʱԼֱ֣Ӵͳ˲ɽ
ѣ֮ôģȻΪ֮ѣԻþ޴ĺôͬҲҪԳ֮ĵˡҳ˳֮ѣֻµһ˾ң
Լȥ֮һĨ⣬ļ
ݻٵõķʽǿԸͬһĵˣȽѴݻ٣Ȼٴݻٵˣ
볿֮ˣȻԻþ޴棬ҲҪԳ֮ĵˡ֮Ǹĵ˶ڴʱ˵̫ǿˡ
볿֮ʹ֮Լ֮汾һ¶ݵһ֮رչ
ݡݡԼλԴЩԴΪʿ۷Ĵڣϣڱչ֮УֱͻƣΪ溣ܡ
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ʱţת˲š
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ȡһͨѶħѡ˰ɵӡǣֱͨ
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Ũħܣħܵķ䷽ʱǣ
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ڣڱչԴǿھŸСһ˫ۣ˫۾ҫһԵһԾŷȥ
֮䣬治ԼļӻϢĽפ˲֮λĴ֮ڸأͬʱĴĸĵĲԾš
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һɫĹâҫֱӷɵ֮Уʱǵķȥ
ʱΧһʿ֮еǿֱӷɵ˰֮УԶԶʱǵķȥ
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һЩͼʿһԲϵʩչγһֻֻʦ֮ȥЩħʯħС
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һâҫЩ»ʿϵǿ߶ʩչطֱԶȥ
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һɺޱߵΰһ֮˷ɢȥ
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765 ʳ
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ʱھŸС֮У鲼ͬһƶĳĸһʱԷųսˣӦԸָս
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ʿӵеۼرȫЩۼرܣȷʵܹشǻɱһʥʿҪһʥʿƵòӲӲľܹشǻɱԷ
һʥʿΣר͵ϮĻɱ溣ȫû⡣һĴһʥʿΪУĴ溣ֻܹ֮ܶڣһ뿪ǣǾһ
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ЩʿǶͻȻֵĳʼг𺳣׷״Ǹմ½ߡ
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һŹֵһ´½ʳûеõߣֻ߿Խ롣
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ܻʳػʳأ
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Щʿǿ֮гֵǿޱȵһĨ֮ɫ
֮λ˴ʿʳʿԻ͵ʱǳػʳҲͬʮλ棬ûκһǳػʳһս
ʿʳǿޱȵĴڣ޵СʮλԼǽ硢޾Ԩڤ硢޾ǿ֮еЩꡢǧʿʵۼֲڶС
Ǻųʿʳճһռ֦մ½ʱʿֱֹ
Щʿͣס˽Ųһ˲䣬սһ·ǲд֦մ½
һһ֦մ½ͨЩս˵ӽǿǸմ½֮УȪӿħơŸϡޱȵĳֲ溣ܶۺϡϡ
ÿһմ½룬ޱȵĽɫâ·ʲôϡޱȵĴ
սȻٶȻһǸմ½ȥ
Ǹմ½ֱӵһɫĺڽɫ룬ֱһСӡһŹһơ
ֻѡһûܵɣɡֻһǴкô
һʶ֮ǡ㷨ϲŵĻԵΣ
Ҫܣֻлȥһнпܣ
浱ϵѡһսһ·һƬɫĺ֮ڣץһȻɳһ߷
һĿʵһ˳һսһ¼ϣѹоϷ·𱳸һɽ
ʿʳ֮ɢʥʿĿֲʥʿǿȫһʱҲδֵܹס
һɫĹâȻϢ֮֮г֣һץһ汻սץеĶץȥ

һĨŭɫһ±۷ĿֲϢһģǺɫӰǰһץɰ巢һֲĺڶȻУһ˲佫ʿֱɡ


766 ̫
һɱʿ֮һץһֱץУһ˿˿ޱȵ֮ûڣꡣ
ץһκˣһΣԶȥʲô
֮ǰǺųʿʳʿų֣תߣԷᡣϾʥʿһ֣Ҫڶʳڳ˵Ρ
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һ֣ڵġ㷨㲻ϵĲ˻裬ʾƶδкô
湥ݡݲһѪ󹫾ıأĵλıǵõ㷨ʾıȴֻһƣһƵ֪
ʥʿ֣㱩¶ƣҲҪĶֱӴߡ
ʳʿžÿռһ֦մ½ͬһһ㸩·ʿǣƾЩʿд֦մ½֮еı
һȺں֮ڣʿûУϣǡ̵kǶ˳֣ʣµߣǻ
΢΢һת㷨ʼ㡣˫֮һ¸ֳӡһϪӰߡ
ʱ֮ʿʵյġ㷨ܹ˵ĺʥʿܹ˵ĳӣʿܹ˵ϪѾʮֿˡ
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һĨϧ֮ɫУϣǡǳ֣׽СҲֲСĵˣĿǰֵܹĴڡ
ͨǡ㷨ҲԼµʿʳ֮еʥʿ֣ȻܵĳԼִ⽫Щմ½ıȫߣôʿʳʿǾԻָɵ档
Щϧ֦մ½һۣϧÿһ֦մ½ıأܹռ죬ϤܹԴԴϵĻȡ޴Ƹ
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һüһɫӡ޳ò׵ľƳһۣرӣеġܡ򣬾ȥ
üͷ΢΢һر磿ô˵ǵˣ
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ǵڰʿʳػʳ֮ȻûʥʿĿֲ׽ٲ֮λ棬Ϊǵ֮ӵһֲޱȵʥʿ
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汻ɳʮһѪһĨ֮ɫǿһС磬˰壬ѰҵԼ·ʿţȻֹＶţȻǿ󡣡
һ·ͬ׵ĸ֡۳С磬˰ʿţǵһ
ǿ׵ʿͬһɢ޾֮һӰͬһ֧أִһĸرܹհ壬ǵ磬Ҳǲš̫һעΪھʿʵ۵ʿңҵĲ£Ըһ·ǶԻ͡򣬽ڣ
ȤʿҲҸ˵ǲ֪Ķ
кâһתսħطһɫսħȻ֣֮ϡ
ǰɫսħһȫڵӿٶһ±屶
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һͷʼ˫֮йâһ·ӵһ㣬צһ̽һɹᴩλ֮ѹһеһɺ֮ϡ
Ǿ޴ɺ··ܹһһ㣬һ½ͷʼӰӲУǳʼӰ
һʼӰҲɺ֮зή
ɶԭҲ۳СǿߡȻңô͸ȥ
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һɲ֮䣬̫΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһͷ峤ףһ˿˿ԶϢԶ
һͷԶɢһ˿溣һɰԵ׵壬ѹȥ
Զһ궼ʿϵĴڣִƶְ壬κһԶ嶼յİ塣


767 ̫
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һеħһ׸ȫġװȻ֣Ƕö溣֮˵ġװ֮ԴԴϵûڣʵ
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ÿµĹ֮ս溣ˣ
һЩ溣ܣҲδǵĶ֣

Щ۹Ļʿǿ̫ӵļսһɫ䣬˵һߣҿȥ
ʿǿߣʿӽǿߵĶвҲᱻǿɱ
һǿǸƾеĶ֡ڿɲд跨ʱ򣬱ܡ߸ɵ
ɱһһųһ˿˿ռ
ĲߢսȻ֮зɳͬˮһ̫ӷȥ
̫ſһǿޱȵķһ»ֲޱȵ罫Щߢսһ¾С
ǿޱ̺ŷ֮ķһУЩߢս˵ķһǿԿ»ʿȫʩչһĳϽװҲ׷飬ն顣
̫ӷĵһ˲䣬һ˸̫ӵĸ˫ֺݺһ̣̺ɰ˫һ²˵kĸһ˺˺ѳһ󶴣ƬѪֱ䣬ͬһѪһ㽵䵽˴֮ϡ
Ǵ֮һЩֲ̫ӵѪ׷׷һޱȵı仯
ɡ޳ܵĵرȻҰ֣޳ܣ֪ʲôʿҫ𣡣
̫һŭתԿֲŤԣһצ̺ſޱȵ壬ȫܿռ䡣
ЩҵĿܣͬرһб£Ҳرһս
һȭûһ̫ӵצޱȵ˲䱬ӲĽ̫ɳʮס
ڰ֮еĲߢս˵ĲкȻڰ֮˲۳͡һ̫ӷӶȥӵһն
һâ̫ӵ֮һ¶һֻ˿ڡ
ЩеܣǼ֣
̫жʱһĨɵ֮ɫſһ磬һɫϢӵkǲߢս֮ϡ
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̫һ֣΢΢һΣһ³˵kļ֮ϣһȭ˵kļ֮ϣӲĹᴩ̫ӵۣɰӿ̫ӵѪ⡣
ĵرҼסˣ㣬ʲô֣
̫ȻһʹޱȵĽΧֳͬһִȨܣ֮Էˮֱһ
̫ҲʿţشȻƲأȴҲ׵ƾԼֻ²Ķ֣ѡ˳ս
üͷ΢΢һ壬һᣬϵɽսħ̫ϳ棡
ǳ֮Ȼܹ鵽ĵϸǾ˵ɽĵϸѾ󲿷ֱ¶ʿУûεļֵ
֮е̫кâһܺã棡ҲʹֶΡܡ̫Ҫˡԣλɣ
ǣ
溣Ŀֲ֮дһ֮зɳŤһпֲϢ̫ߣ޴Ķ档
̫֮ͬһһ㸩棬еġܡ
һЦϣạ̇̄Ƕɣ
溣Ŀֲһӿػߵ溣ܼĿֲǿȻɳһ󣬺ʾͷ溣Ķš
ߣ
̫ɨϣǡ溣ĿֲǿһۣĿ΢΢һüͷһ壬ϵ
ϣǡ溣ǿػ̫Ӿ㶯õҲδܹʤù档ǵر磬ԻԴԴϵԮ̫ȴֻ溣սȥ̫ͬ溣Σա
溣ȴԻɱǽЩ溣ȥ磬ʱƣв֮¡
Ŀ̫һۣ¶һ˿˷ܺڴһǿĹǻǣȤԭΪѾ㹻ǿӦͬ޵УȻûô򵥣
ǲ֮λر֮У֮ͬ漸ûƾеǿС̫Ӿǿš
Ȼܹ̫սƽ֣Ȥ
ر翴Ҳûô򵥣
Ͼǵʿʵ۵ĵطЩ˲ŵġ

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һ춯صľ޴֮УһޱȵĹâǵ֮вϷɳ
Щâ֮УʱʱһĿԼߵϣǡ΢΢һɨһڵķȥ
û˿ֱͣתطһһͷһԾŵľ޴ĶѨ֮ڣϵĴһһȵԾţصص֮ڡ
һصݣͨȫϢͶӰԶԶĹ۲ʱǷһС
ʿʳ֦մ½֮󣬱㾲
֮еĴ½·һءǿ̥Ĥ֮һ㣬ڸմ½ȥʿһӴǿޱȵ̥Ĥ֮ϣȻ֮ʧȥеһ׹֮еĸմ½Ҳûз
ЩʿǴ󲿷ֶ˾˼ʮʿ֮ʿʿʳʿǲȻҲٴĴ½
ʿʳڵ֦մ½Լ֦մ½֮µһƬƬҶմ½ʿʳʿػЩҴЩҶմ½ʿʿʳǿֱɱ
Щʿֻܹд֦մ½Լ֦մ½ϽҶմ½
ʿ溣һҹ֮䲻֪ĸطð˳Ϊ֦մ½Լ֦մ½֮Ҷմ½ɱݡ
濴ǼսݵĸʿţкȻӿһʣ֮֮kǵΪʲôûг֣ѵʲô𣿡
ʿһ˰˴ʿʳѹλ档ĳػʳҲǹλ棬貵ʿʳǰ˴ʿʳʱƣǿ꣬ÿһʱʥʿʮϡ


768 Ĵ
κһʥʿһߵػ񣬿ԱӻһǿڡѪλʮλ֮һҲֻ˾档ʥʿǿϡٿɼһߡ
ʿÿһʿʳᵮʮϵʥʿֱ졣ЩʥʿҲʿʵ۵Щǿ׵ʿʵƿλĸ
֮֮ճʱµʥʿʮϡʳڲ֮λĵǿܻʳػʳȴûڵ֮һʮ쳣ĸо
涢һ֦մ½ֻ֮ʣһĻԼ֮ڣƥʿʵۼǿߡҲ˶ѣkҹҲʮܻʳǿ߾ȻҲҳ֣жȻҲ֪顣
ͨ㷨֪Ǿ֦մ½ǳԽƾǵʥأûʿܹܾ֦մ½ջ
ϸĹ۲Χ֦մ½Ȼ΢΢һûʥʿ֣ҲûʿĿֲڳ֡ô˵Ҳһᣡ
ݡݡλ桢Ѫ󹫾֮󣬻ӴޱȵԴµĻеҲ֮䷭˺üʥʿʿǿߣҲаպĵöԷֱӰˡ
һս˱ֱһ֮зɳһһȵԾһ̴񷣬Īľȥ
ֻҪһ˿ϣͲ֦մ½ᡣ
һ½ǲ˹
һͷӡ׵̫ѿԽգһ˿˿һ½ٵһ֦մ½֮ϡ
ʮ溣ܴһͷ̫ѿ֮зɳֳָرͳʮʿʮһʿһǧʮ»ʿԼǿʿһմ½֮еʿ溣ǷĹȥ
̫ѿ֮УһͷųһƬɫĹâɫĹâ֮£ǲ˹ʿÿһܵʮֵǿϵӳ֣ͬʱÿܵһˣѸٵȬ
ǲ˹ʿɫĹâ֮£ͬһһ㣬һ·ѹȥ֮ʿߣǱֱӴ򱬡
֦մ½֮ϵʿǿǲ˹ǿƽ٣һʩչط֦մ½ֱ֮ߡ
涢ǲ˹һ·ѹʿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫʮ溣ܡʮʿʮһʿһǧʮ»ʿټѿ֮еʿ˹ǽ֮ڵľȫˣǽֻЩʵҵǿһս
֮УħֵĿ࣬ļս˵ȴѾͻ֮ޡټڼƵǿսˣսĻȫǲ˹ľȫһս
һ½ǰݹ
һ޴İɫɽʹ֮зɳһһմ½֮ϡǰɫɽ֮һ·ɳʮ溣ܡʮʿһʮʿǧһʮ»ʿԼǿʿʿʿȥ
ǰɫʥɽ֮ųϡʥϢĹâǰɫĹâҫ֮£ǰݹʿҲһܵʮǿļӳ֣ƻʩչһ춯صķΧʿȥ
Ǹָķγɵķһ·ѹе·ʿǷ׷ױ򱬣һƬƬѪɢ䡣
Ƭ½ǿ
һɫĲʺᴩգһ´һ֦մ½֮ϡ
һ޴ĳǱڰͷ̫֮ɫʺ֮дУʮֹĿԽ޾룬һ֦մ½֮ϡ
ʮһ溣ܡʮʿʮʿһǧŰʮ»ʿټǿʿʿǾ޴ĳǱ֮зɳʿǷĹȥ
Ǿ޴ĳǱ֮УͬһƬƽĻǻƽĻ֮УЩʿͬ˿ֲǿʿֱӻܡ
ʿ׷ʩչطһǸմ½֮зߡ
Щʿȴû뿪ǻһһ겨ǿռ֮ŸϢ
˹ݹȷʵʵǿޱȣѹڳκһʿšϾʳǰӵо޵еĿֲʵڳЩʿȫԽ˺Ƭ
һһĹâԶһһͨһѼײβ溣ܴԶ֦մ½ΧĶд֦մ½
һɹǿޱȵεĴЩ溣֮ܵΧħܽϣγֹ
Ƭڻ̫ǿʿγһκεһʿĴֻҪǱ߸򣬾ͻᱻֱɱǹ֮еһ֡
Ǻųʳʿռŵ֦մ½ûκ˸죬Ͼʿʳ£ѹλ档Ҵʿʳڵĸմ½Լһ˿˿ֲޱȵʥʿϢ
һʥʿ֮λ֮УȫѹΧʿЩʿȻʳʿŷͻ
޾ĶЩʿ֮صӿɭޱȵɱϵۻš
ĻеҲϢĴһطǱǾΧĿ֦մ½
֮ǰռ֦մ½Ϊηʥʿ֡һʥʿǿ֣߳κռ֦մ½ʿֻ·һ
ʳʿžĬǴ˵֮ڵʥʿһҲûгԼһЩ²⡣
ĳ֣֤Ĳ²⡣ٴȼҰĵĻ档
ʱһŤһɾͷţףߴǧ׵ľ޴ԶһɹǿޱȵϢ֮
Ǵľ
ڳˣ
ûа취Ͼ֦մ½ʿ˵ΪҪ޷ռһ֦մ½ҲûʸưԶ硣

ЩΧ۵ʿһǾ޴ľжһĨ֮ɫǵرǿʿţ¸ƣǿꡣʱǴΧҪֺ;ٶҲԶҪݵöࡣ
մ½Ҵģʿǣ뿪˵أǾһսɣ
ǴһսףɢһɰϢİ飬վǾ֮ϣڣһֲޱȵϢ˷
ǰվʮ溣ܣʮ溣ĿֲϢֱ


769 
濴һ溣ܣ΢΢һݣΪ֦մ½ҲƴˣȻ˶溣ܣ
溣ܿɲǴײˣκһ֮жǿߡ溣ǿͬһȼǿߡ
溣ܾ䡢˴Ԫ˧ʮԼѹħĴħ˧ر˾˾ħ˾˾λ濪˾˾ʮ溣ܡ֮⣬ʮ𱻴溣ܡ
ʮ溣ҪƬޱȵʿ磬ͬʱҪѹЩλ桢ѪλѪѪ塢ʿ֮еħһ塢ѹħ֮е塢ӡԨѷ졢ÿһطҪ溣ܹܲȫѹ
һԳʮ溣ǰ֦մ½ȻҲҪƴˡʮ溣һ뿪kǵפأ嶨Ȼû˷ˡ
һһͷ𷢣Ŀ࣬òӢ䣬ֳִ󽣵Ӵһ޴ޱȵĳǱ֮߳վھİ£ֻҪ뿪ǿԽݡݸøǴ
ɶʮγɵݡݾ൱ڿ˹ʮ֮һΪ֦մ½Ը⽫ݼ͸
ֳһ޴ĺɫֱָ½Ҵ־ڱصãÿһս
Ǿ֮Ϲâһһͷòޱȣɢ溣˫İͿжħǾ֮зɳ
ţһͷǧףһɫ׿ǣž޴žЫβħǽβЫɢ溣Ȼ֡
һͷ峤ף޾֮еĻžҲǾ֮зɳ
һͷһͷ溣սǾ֮зɳÿһ溣սɢſֲޱȵ
ûãһʮɢ溣ֲ溣ս֮У·նռݡѹ
һʮ溣սҲֻдڲ֮λ涫ռ˳ͳܹӵС溣սʵԶԶȲ溣ܣһʮ溣սʿĿֲҲҪ˱ᣬвͻᱻֱѹ
սħڵʮɡ˴Ҿ㶯һÿһҲܹóʮ溣ս
һʮ溣սĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ£ҲǿûȨʾԵƬ̡
Ȼһʮ溣սѾ˵¶Ƹ۵ľġʮ溣ܡһʮ溣սѾ˴
ϾԶ붫磬kܹڲִ֮ʮһ溣ǰѾǼޡЩս׼Ȳϴ˫Ǵذɣ
ϣĮޱȵ´ͨ뺣ӣֻӣ֮㻹ûôǾҵĵˣ
ѾչֳѹԵĿֲʵѡ̸УʧǰȻЩãȻʧ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ·˳Ǳ档
մ½ø㣡ϣܹصס
ʮ֮һĳǱȻһԷɳ֦մ½ʮ֮⣬Ȼû뿪Ĵ㡣
Ǵһ·ǿԭռŵĸմ½档
Ϲ壡
һϢܹͨһɸѡҪϢһɸѡ˳
һܲߢ͵ս˵װ΢΢һŤγģϹڵսȥ
ɽϹֵܣ
һɵϹսһ겨ͬˮһϹս֮ϡ
ɽǸɽ
ǸռݡݡݵĲɽ

Ϲս֮ϣЩϹʿǿ棬ж¶һ˿˿η֮ɫ
ɽʿǲ֮λرѾǹϽڴĿֲ˴Ԫ˧֮һ˧̶˲ɽ¡ǿֲޱȵĻеŸһ·ѹǿС
ϹȻڴ֮һ˽ϹĽȴǲ
ǷʵϹս֮߳棬ŸޱȵĹâϹ𣬼򱱴󹫾
ϹȻʿΪͻʿŬȴѾ˽ޣʽΪ˾żµȣһͻƽΪʿΪ˲֮λ֮еĶǿߣжΪ֮ʡ
΢ЦϹǰϹ
Ϲ¶һ˿Ц⣺û⣡
Ŀǰ򱱴󹫾ȫϹͨϹǶϹ𼸷ӡ
սڲӳſռ䷨Ϊ·һӦоСԸĳС
ǳһݻһ䷿֮ڣһɫʿۣʮӢӡϹһεļϹɡ
ɽϹ
Ϲɵ򱱴󹫾˵أкιɣ
ϣܹϹˣһһ½
ϹһĨ֮ɫЦƾǲɽҲһ½ǲ뿪Ϲ岻ӭ㣡
üͷ΢΢һ壬䵭Ȼˣˣ
ϣ΢΢һΣֱȥ
ϹȥıӰһĨâ𣬲ɽˣԺٺһŭϹұи֮Σ
Ϲüͷ΢΢һ壬ǣ
һ뿪ϹңԼҷȥһ·ԼԼҵս
Լսһ乬֮ڣһɫʿۣ޳ϸòżŮĿһɫɳ֮ϣ߻ʮŮ
żŮĿӾԼҼǣѾʿľţҹ֮ơҲԼȨߣԼҵ溣ܶԵ
ĵɨһ۵ʲô£
Ŀ˸һͼıһմ½
ǵȻӢͬѾϵҡҡҡμңѾӦˡ֣ټ㣬ǵʵȻ㣡
˹ݹǿİȻ֣Ҳδܹʤһ
ټսħڡɡʥħڡǺĴأ


770 ð
˫֮оһЦЦĿȻսħڣô˵Ӧþսħڵ洫棡ûɣ
棡ɣ
棿ڲ֮ǰǲŽ»ʿôΪɽ

ߵŮһ¶֮ɫ
ȷʵǴķʱ֮һٻľ콾һ̤»ʿΪһħǿߡ
ôţҲһ»ʿʿȫһεĴڡһֻӵǱţһȴѾ£ŷɥľǿߡ
ߵŮȻԼʮΣȴҲǸ𺧵һš
浭һЦҹɫ֮һûҾսħڵ洫档
ҹǴļ֮һԼ溣ʵԶǣȴȻԸĵǲΪǻ۳ԶԶʵ
Ǳ˫ۣһɢһءʥһϢһ˿˿ӡ˫֮и֣ųԽ溣ܵĿֲݣսħڡɡʥħڡǺڣܹ
սħ溣ܡʥħһ溣ܡǺһ溣ܡһ溣ܣ
սħڵĴ֮е󲿷뿪˲֮λ棬Ҫִٽǵڳ˵Ρ
溣ܾĴڲ֮λдȫ
ǳһǣҲԻܲ˹һ˲˹ҲûӦĶǡ
ǿһгģ۾΢΢һ¶һ˿ЦûôʿţֻҪΪǿһܹʿżǵˡֻҪܹ˵Ȩܹ档
һĨâ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǿøһ㣡
ʱ֮һ֮Уһǳ˺գ·Խ޾ľ룬֮лɳһɿֲޱȵʥһǳִ֮ء
մ½ǿܻʳģÿǾͳͳΪǿܻʳĿܣ
һǳһ·ɵһմ½֮ϣָĿܴǿǳ֮зɳĶŰݹʿǡһ˿˿Ź֣˷˼Ŀ֮ǸָĿ֮
ܻʳǿ֮Ŀܻʳ
ܻʳҲˣЩǿܣСŵĿܡ

Χʿһһǳʱɫ䣬׷˷ȥǿܻʳġŵĿܡΪֲǹ׵Ŀ֮ͬһѸٴʴһ塣
֮ÿһλ棬һλͻữĿܣûһ˿ֱͬĩһ㣬˾
İ˴ʿʵ֮У֮Ҳǿģɾɱǻһˡ
ݹʥɽâһЩݹʿǷ׷գȻ΢΢һһֱӷɳһմ½
ݹȻ֮һܻʳȣֱ֮ĲࡣǿܻʳֻܹʣһʥʿҲȫԺɨݹkǸ֮ġ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫܻʳô˵ֻһ˹սˣȻ໥֮ҲѪ𣬿ǱϾͬͬԴĹؼʱ򣬱ضֱӱšһǱţǾûлˣ
ǵĻո£ǿ˹ĳǱݹʥɽֱûǲ˹ڵ֦մ½֮ϡ
ֱַʿǿ߹һǰһմ½Ҳֻܹˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ûлˡ
֣ҲǶֻ֡Ҫһʱ䣬ܹԶԶϵĴֺԴзٹҲֻ·һ
ɽϣܹΪܻʳצԸΪʳЧ
һߢս˵װһŤ仯Ϊòɵǿܻʳռݵĸմ½֮¹
һһҵľ޴սȻ֣սͬˮһ˷ӿϣǡ溣Ҳɢ溣ܼĿֲ˷ɢȥ
ɽǲɽ
ýƻļһȻ˹Ͷ
ɽǲ֮λرǿͶܻʳǿܻʳ绢Ҳơ
ǾǳʹϣǺ˧̣Ƕ溣֮еǿߣͨ溣ܿɲǵĶ֡

ЩʿǶսˣж֮ɫ
ɽǿɶ񣬸ɱ
Ǵľ֮ϣĿһۣ֮һĨɭޱȵɱ
Ǿ֮ϵ溣һһԲ
ɽռݡݡݣ໥ᣬγһֲġ
ɽȻǲɽҿܻʳôʳʹǲɽһմ½
һޱȵĹâһ֮зɳһҶմ½֮ϡ
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湧ӦһһֻӴޱȵĽһҶմ½֮УΪǿܻʳǿܻʳ֦մ½
һĨ⣬Ŀһۣ¶һصЦݣһУ
һâһǱԭʧ
Ǵ˴֮ԼҼǣԸΪΰĿЧԸΪʳצʳ
ҷ׷߷۵ԼԱߣ֮е溣ܶͷųһɹǿޱȵϢֱ
Ҳ˾溣ܣʮʿγһӴޱȵʿš
׼һմ½
һâһմ½֮ϡ
ǹл£
֮еʿǱ㻯һһմ½֮ڡ
һ溣Ȼǰȥ£ħ֮ԸΪצ
£Ǻ֮ԸΪצ

һһرʿŷ׷׳֣ǿܻʳڵλѡ񳼷˴ʿʳճʱ򣬲Ըӻʳʿͳͳˡ
ʿǴӵ֮зɳʿŵʿǷ׷׷ɳûʿڵҶմ½֮ڣռһһҶմ½
ЩرʿȨѡͶܻʳ
ǿ֮ϣһ·һȿֺͶʿţ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺֮Ӧñɵ˰ɣðһµk˼ңkӦòƽϰɣ


771 
ʥǿߣǿ£Ȼȥô꣬Ȼɢ˿ֲʥЩʿʵ۾Ȼȴʥǿ߻ҪǿᣬǿֲĴڣ
һǿ֮ǵ֮أŷλõһֻԻʹʥ֡
λãֻܵԻʹʥ֮ڣעǿޱȵͬʱһͬ͵ĹܵǻԻʹʥ֣ӡâҫһֻԻʹͷųһ˿˿ʥʿʥ
һſ֮ǾǵɻĿܻʳַҾһϵеĸ졣ͬʱǿ֮֮зɳĸֿܶսƷĿ֮淴ƽ֮ģĿ֮
ͨһĻ濴Ƿ׷ѡ񳼷溣ǣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǿܻʳһͷô溣ͶҪȫпûôס
һĨϧ֮ɫǿѾ˼֡ϧʵ㣡ٸһʱ䣬ƾҵֻҪʿϵǿ߲֣ôͿȵռһ֦մ½
Щ溣ܶǱܻʳͷ塢ƭЩ溣ܶ˾Ҳ֪ʲôʱͻǿơ
ʿʳռݵ֦մ½룬һʵ壬ʵ֮У·ξ棬ȴûһ˿ξ֮޹
һ޹溣Ҳûвһ֡
ǹޱȵ޹֮Уˡ
һһĸߴݿ̰壬һһ˿ӡ
һһһʿۣͷϳһèķԸУɢžȻ֮ľŮ
һһף·⣬һԵϢӡ
һһ˫ۣһǳǳۣϢľŮ
һ˻һŤ˿еĿ
һһһͷɫòӢޱȣ߶Ѫӡ
ݿ̰üͷһǸ˾Ȼðܻʳˣǵ죡
ɫѪЦȤ۹ⲻ֪⡾̺ŵĻԵϧһдۣðܻʳҲҪַһ
ǿף·⣬һɰԵϢǸСȻðǰ˴ʿʳϣðʿʳɱ֮иðǰ˴ʿʳͷ
ͷϳһèԸУòޱȵľŮһЦУ˲
ǻ֮ǸôѾǶǰ˴ʿʳðҪһУʳΪ𣿡
յ֮ŵ˾ʳĿǰͳߣʱ֮֮ħ֮ǳ֮֮ħ֮
һĿһ¼ǽ֮ϣ¶һ˿˿̽
浨ֱðܻʳȻƭ˵ر󲿷ֵʿţȴƭԵ磬֪أµʿʳ
ðʿʳǶ԰˴ʿʳʷʮֽʿʳ˵ѾǶԵkǵðõkǶʵƲá
֮΢΢һһЦ־
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ڳɫ΢΢һ䣬һ³Ĭ֮ΰڵ־ǵkܹɵĴڡССðƴŵΰڵķ֮ΪС
ʱ֮ĮȻΰڵ־ô¾ôˡڵ֮Ҫȷʥع飡
ħ֮ûΰʱ֮ʱ֮пһУЩ궼ѾһһӦ顣ôʥع飬ǵǰ֮ء
һ³Ĭһɳޱȵڵk֮
αܻʳڵ֦մ½ָսѾ֦մ½ʼϵͳ
ǿѹ溣ܵϵͳѾʼ裬ǸǴϵͳֱ֮Ӳжҽװ֦մ½ϵͳٶȼ졣
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滺ǻƽɫĺǰӻֱȡǡܡ֮һףǻƽ֮ڡ
һ桾ܡһûǻƽ֮ڣ˺ĻƽˮûУŵk
һ桾ܡ֦մ½֮жߵıҲ֪⡾ܡûȫ޷ӳֲҲ֪Ȼûʥʿ֦մ½
֦մ½ȻУȻὫǡܡصĺ֮У
ǻƽڵһ˲䣬Ĵﱦ֮ڣһŻԻʹʥλıȻ򿪣һԻʹʥĲȻɳͬһǻƽ֮зȥ
ǻƽˮ΢΢һǻԻʹʥһλʱճͬʱͷųһǿޱȵ
һޱȵʥ߹Ȼǻƽ֮гֱһɿֲޱȵĴʥϢ˷ɢȥ
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ǿʥʿϢǿ󣡣
ÿֲϢǴ˵֮еʥʿ溣ܣҲᱻkһɱ

ǡΧŵʿһӦǹɺޱߣ·޾ĿֲϢһɫ䣬žη֮ɫ
ʥʿǿһܹɱһ溣ܡʮ溣ĵۼرܹ֮һ
ǴʥʥʿֻҪķһЩʱ;ȫԽڳ溣ȫɱ
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СƭӲ򵥣Ȼдʥΰ֧֣

޵֮У߶ڵ֦մ½һĨ֮ɫ
ʥǿÿһǾ춯صĴڣǰ˴ʿʳ֮УҲǽʿʵ۵ǿߡ
һЩʵ˵Ĵʥǿһ˴ݻһӵʥʿػ塣ʲôʱǴʥǿ߶ǿһС
ǽɫʥ߹ҫһֹޱȵķû֮С
ڲ֮λһСɽ֮УһʯȻѣһʯ֮зɳʧ
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վǽɫĺ֮ǰڽɫ֮УǻԻʹʥһϵĳ֣ڣϢҲԽԽǿԽԽֲ
һ֮󣬳һͷ­֮⣬ǻԻʹʥе嶼ѾȫָԵ覣̺ǿޱȵһ˿ϢͿֲʥ


772 
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ۿǻԻʹʥһλɻ֮Уͬʱһǿޱȵѣг֮ɫ
ܸҲʿ֮ͨõĳʶһʿɱû˵Ŀܡ
ЩŷͽعԽǵֱߡʹȸִڣ൱ֻתһΡ
ȻҲԽkͽٴη֮棬kͽһĴҵkͽҲᱻǸʴȫɢʧ
ǻԻʹʥǵһʿʳʱʿѾȥ֪ꡣʱ֮У˴ʿʵ۶һ긯࣬䡣ǻԻʹʥȻܹֱ졣
濴ǻԻʹʥ岻Ϸ΢΢һȻʷϼŰ˴ʿʵ۶Ѿ䣬ԵkǵֶͨΣֻһ˵kǾ͸û
ǻԻʹʥӵǰ˴ʿʵ۹ϵʵԶԶڻԻʹʥ֮ϣֶ죬ûô
ǻԻʹʥ弸еĲѾָȫֻʣһͷ­һޱȵĲȻϣǲдͷ­ڵλô档
һɫ˿ߴǻԻʹʥ֮м˵kΧγһɫļֱӳǽɫĺ֮ڡ
ǻԻʹʥͷ­λãҲǵkһλڡҪҪȥȵk
΢΢һѸٵĵռлԻʹʥƽ£Եkз
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رЩӵԨħѪʿǻޱȣԻõkǺԥķ־ͻὫԼľֱɱ
ǻԻʹʥ¼ܿ챻ɸѡһһ
Իʹʥʱ֮ͬһʱľ콾ͬĻѪӵǿ׷ʱ֮ʮʥ֮һ
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׷ʱ֮ʮʥǿߵÿһʱ֮ᷴͳȨľ콾ÿһһӴ졣
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һԻʹʥͷ­λãüͷ΢΢һ壺Ǻ֮ͥһͥڵĺô˵ǻԻʹʥ׼˶ͥСЩ
ڰʿʳ֮󣬺ͥûһۼرͥ
ǵۼرͥǵһʿʳ౦ʥһʿʵۼʬԼŵرƶɵĵۼرǺ֮ӵ޾İ
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Կܻʳò֮λĺ彻ǻԻʹʥ׼һᣬ΢΢ҡͷУǲ֮λĺҲͰˣһǲ֮λĺ岻ð֣òͷֶΡǿܻʳɨأ֦մ½ҲԱס
ðĿܻʳܹ֮һ֣ͱƵǰݹǱ룬Ҷ˵һ䡣Ϊǿܻʳ̫¡ЩܻʳʿͨͨѹΪ˺Ŀܡ
ðĿܻʳȻǻԻʹʥʶͷųĿֲʥסЩĻʿţֻҪ΢¶һ˿ʿžͻһӵϣðĿܻʳ˺Ƭ
һâҫǴһɢһ̳ǰһϣң
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Ǵ˴Ԫ˧֮е˧ǴŮ֮ΪɫŮк֮һҲһＶʿ֪ʶԨޱȣŹڽ񣬶ڲ֮λ֮д󲿷ֵָƣҲΪصһԱ󽫡
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һħʥѣټǡͥǺ֮У΢һʿʵۼǿҲǿ⡣
ʿʵۼǿǿĴڣһ漣ʿʵۼǿߣͬǿѾൽ˼㣬ʱʿʵ۵ʵЩǿĴʥǿҲֻʤһʿʵ۲ħʥܹͥں֮ǿĴڡ
ǿܻʳһʿʵۼǿߣ߶õۼرͥԲǵĺ
һӺһʥرͨ׵ķʽ𣿡
Իʹʥ׼̺İԼkֵꡣʹȫԽ֮ƳΪһʥرȻԻʹʥ׼;Բ֪ܲļֵ
̵ռԴḻޱȵĺ򡣶ҵk໥֮䶷Ҳʮּңȴûоǰ˴ʿʳڼ伸һսȻó죬ȴռʿǿرʱ֮£kӵеĶرʿҪöࡣҪӵkǵлȡһЩͼرҲͰˣҪȡʥرܣ
˴ʿʳʱ򣬲֮λʿɱʮλ֮еǿҲ׷Խٲ֮λɱʿǼһĿֲս
Ϊ˰˴μһսʮλԼ֮λǿǵǿ߶࣬ŵǿߵ㣬ټ


773 
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ҹױǶ̿ͣǱǵkֺϷ汾õ黯֮ףԽǺҹ׵ĲȨܣӵ˸ָ
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һǳ֮ͬһûǴ֮УǴ֮ˡ
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ǺɫĽԣֱվһޱȵ㡢ŰǵŮһݵĺŮͷϳֻǵŮȸָ۵Ů
λڵڰʿʳػʳʱͬǱ֮λʿƿصһλ档λ֮д󲿷ǻ۶ʿһ¡Щ۵ĳͱʿ˴󲿷֣Щǿĳﶼʿ۷
ǺɫĽһֱߣ̤֮ڣ
һݳ޹֮ϣһòӡȥӵǺŷǿ麣׹ߡ
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ʵȷʵǿޱȣͬkҲλ汾Դ־λ֮ͽԶԶûʿɡ
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һһ̫áҾǰҲֻܼ֮¡ǵʿʥʿЩ޷ĵˣֻᾡΪս
ڤԼǿû˻ԸױԡӵлְִƻȨܵ飬һڤԣԵʱҲܵɡ
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һͷñϴʯɵıʯ£һͷͬ˿ɫӨһ֮еľŮһ߳ݺݵȥıӰһۣŸ׹ʵ
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׹߻ܹڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڽΪǿ飬ҽҹסɱ¾֮񡢻֮ս֮񶼸ɵˡʵԲ򵥡ΪУûʤİա
׹߼ʶǺʵȻǿޱȣʿ¾סңڷҲΪǿӵرЩͽ׺壬ЩսĶ֡ˣҪͻвǾͻ֮
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һǹޱȵǿ֮лصתһֳֻꪣͷñϴűʯµĺսȷ·̤Ǻ֮ˣԽգĺ󷽡
ϸһ۵Ǻսȣ
λϣ涼ݿ档һЩأ겻֮⣬ʮ


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ϸĲ鿴Լȷ֮ǩԼ֣ޱȵɨһֱۣӴһǽ棺ǽʱҵʿȥšȥһЩ֤ߣ֤֮ľ
һĨ֮ɫЦҼ֤ߣ֤ʧ𣿡
ȺȻչһЦţ¶˶ޱȵķ飺Ǽ֤ʧܣ


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һɫĹâҫֳꪵĺսȴһɫս״һž޴Ҷ֮Ϸǰ
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ԹǷλǻ۽ƻǻ۳溣ܡ⡾㷨ҲЩֻܹͨͬķʽʵ飬طİ
ֳǿꪡָ÷ϻˣ棬ѡսĻǣôǾͿʼһսɣʶһҵ
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ѩŮҲ΢ЦûȽĸһֱҪһǿˣڷλ֮УЩǿˣҪͷӡҪǺϵĶֻߵˡλҲˡȻܹ˵͵Цأ
ͼ֮һĿǰõ鱨սħ洫沢һŰˣӪӴޱȵԼŮҲġٳŮ⣬ΪŮҲһѡ񡣡
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ЩŮͽǵжǸ߸ϣʥַһһӵĪ⣬·֪ܡʵϣkҲԼϲŭֻ֡kǵʵԶԶڷ֮ϣŻԵ֪ܡ
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Ǻ֮ͥһͥͳηΧ֮κռһĺÿ궼ͥ䣬ܹ˳ռƬѹƬԴ
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ྨЩĵĶͥྨЧҵ֮ءǸطƣǿꡣʿ溣Ǹǿߴڡ㵽ҪύЩʵǿѣУһҪ͵һ£ԲܹͥЩӵܡ
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ྨʮԺƬȷʵ޵еĴڣǶ֮ͥУƣǿꡣһʿǿ嶼ӵнྨһྨɲԸԼƢꡢаԵĶȥЩֲĴڡ
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Ǻ֮һüһɫۣ𷢱ۣĿ࣬ߴӢӣһ˿˿ֲޱȵ֮һ߹ޱȣ˼o
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ͥһŮü΢΢һĿһ۵⿪ӡ
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֪ĶȻ֪Ǹ֮УŪ˼ʱرһͷྨ壬ȻҸ߹̫壬ˣ
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Ǻһ忪רӦԡרرǿ
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ͥһŮס֣
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Ŀ˶ͥһŮһ΢Цһȥģ
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һԷڴر˾쵽˾ֳλãʮһİ˼رر˾˾ϵʦ֣ر˾ƽʮŻһر
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ˮҲǶͥŮЩͥԺǽĵط
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֮Уһ𷢱ۣĻԸУͷϳһֻǣ飬ޱȵŮһЦ㣬Ƕѡʮֲأ֪ΪʲôҪѡʵǿǣܳΪȦӵһӡ
ͥһŮаǶͥϵĵһ顣ͬ񣬴Ӹ
ͷϳһֻǣ𷢱ۣԸо׵ľɫŮаšǶ֮ͥвͺһľš
ͺһڲͬλ溣֮Уͻӵ»ʿֲǾǿԽﵽ溣Ŀֲ
ǲͺһⶼ֧ͥĺ֮нֻвǧȴӵа溣ľ塣ⶼ֮ͥҲһǿ塣
겻ıɽˣţѡȻѡɡ
΢΢һĿҲϣ˼׼ǸΪ³ļһض֮
ǶͥĴĿҲϡ
Ǻ԰֮У̫ӵ߻ʮͥĺš
Ǻ̫Ǻ͢һεļ̳ߣ⣬ض̳к͢ĴkȻ˲ٶͥĺš
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һĿ࣬üһ־ĵӢһ̺ħƣź̫Ц̫ӣΪúýѵһǸС
̫âһ΢ЦӣǾͰˣֻҪҺúýѵŭ纣⣬һῼȫ
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ݻԶԿɽѺѹһеĿֲܣݺݵײ̫֮ϣ̫һײͷʮ飬һѪͬһײǽ֮ϣ֪
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һЦһһ˼ر⺣졿Ȼ֣ɫķӡӡȻͬһ㣬ӵϡ
ӵһһСӲĳˡ⺣졿档
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һץһȻӿץУֱӵбȻõһ㣬һ¶һԣһЦҲѧңǲ
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ȤҪҲӣһӶ̧ͷ
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ЩһµĿ棬ͬʱеΣյȼԸˡ
ĿǺ̫һеķɨһۣһЦǼȻں̫ǸߣӦþצ߹ɣֵģ͹һսȻҪͷڹ꣬ں̫ӵߣҲɵǡұϾҪһŮ¼ֱ棬ȥǵģ
Ǻ̫ߵʮͥĺǶüͷ΢΢һ壬еġ⺣졿жһĨɵ֮ɫ
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ʧǾȻӦսǲˣ
ӾȻԺһлܣ˵һ
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üͷ΢΢һ壬Ĭģָһ㡣һ˿˿ǸɫͥԺ֮С
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ЩǴ󲿷ֶŮˣܹΪk޵ģҲֻЩѪ߹ʵǿޱȣ˵ĶͥŮ
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784 ׷֮ս
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ЩֲȻǱѡƶɵĴڡҲֻоֲͨѧӵӴʿŲܹĽЩȤĳֲо
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׷֮սǶͥҫȨƵһ罻ֶΡһ»ħ»ʿϵǿߴڣһĸֻЩĶͥӵӴޱȵԴ»ʿϵ׷ߡ
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΢΢һ㣬һ̵Ĺâҫ븡ֳһС;ѽһ̤С;֮ڣһĶ棬湴˹ָЦԺɣһྨһط
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ʿ˭ྨ򸾶ֻʿǿߵྨܹʿǿŮ׷ߡ
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Щǿһֲޱȵ׹⣬һݡ֮Ҳûмܹرֵסѽǿֲһ
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ǿǸŮ˾ȻǾԺ׷ߣǿ׷ߣ

һԵĺǿǿڳȣһж֮ɫ
ѽʿ֮׵編򡣾Ǻһ֮УҲֻвʮܹʤk
ԸУòˣ߾ͬһɿ˵ŮͣûаǿߵʡȾȻܹѽӲնɱսֱ졣
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Ȥ̫ʯͷԼĽš

Щһɢ貹âرʱһ¶˻ĵЦ⣬һĿź̫ӡǶ˾Ӻ̫ɫµ˼ر
һЦͱ˵ɫӣ㲻ǻ׷ֵģ׷ҵһսɣҴһ㣬µ׷һϣһò᲻һսɣ
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ѽնɱɫӾ൱ڱնһۡ
һЦź̫ߵЩһָƵǼɸ׷Ҽһս
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䣡

ǻں̫ߵĺһɫ
Ǻ̫ߵĺÿһʧ֮һԿŵĶͥŮǱ۾΢΢һһȤ
滯ľԺǰ벽ʿǿֻһܹΪʿҲչֳ˿նɱʿĿֲʵټȵԳưһѹһλ档
ЩͥĺŮŶȤ
濴ź̫ߵĺ֮󣬲Цɣ

һһԴ˳ȥֻһϯλ֮һ޳ʣʳͷ֮һֻǣ֮һ׵ӡĿӡ
һֻǵĿӾǺ֮ǿĺ֮һǺӡѪĶǺ֮󶼻ӵʿĿֲͬ溣ܼĿֲڡ
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üͷ΢΢һ壬΢΢һĿǺŮڵķȥֻǱߣһĿⶼֱǺӵϡ
һתƾ述ȶ溣ܵļͽǺӵ뷨µ߰˰ˣһҪλЩŮǵע⡣һľԺţѾ˲ٶͥĹ壬ѹһԻͥĺøС
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Ժ׷ܹͻƣΪʿĿֲڣôǶͥͻһҡ

Щǿȣж֮ɫ޲³ߡǿľɫⶼ֮ͥҲʮϡٵĴڣҲֻжܹ֮ͥ
һ»ħ»ʿĺǿ֮ͥУ϶ùķΪ֮еĹ塣ֻʿĺǿߣŻᱻͥΪĴ壬ѹһȥ𾴣Ӱͨĺȫһϡ
ϲͣϧ˵Ҽӡԣֻȥˣǿϧ
ȣһĨϧ֮ɫһƹâҫһŤ˳ǧӡ
ǳǧӡâһһ±仯ΪһָС鲼ɫƬĽ衣
ݿ˺溣Ľ裬γһŽɫ躣ſһеĿֲϢϯȥ
֮УЩ費ϳȡΧħܣγһ͸ķĤ͸Ĥ֮£ʿĴΧϵ˺ǡ
Χ֮£㼸ʿ֣Ҳᱻڶ࣬˵Ľɡ

תȨܣֳ֡ꪡһӣһĿֲȻ֣Ľ׷׾ΧȥӲһ·
һˮ֮ҫȱ˲Ƴǰһͬһ㣬ֱն䡣


786 նɱ
һŭһͷ̫žӰӵkڶ𣬴ź󶥼ʳߵ˿ԼķֱӺȥ
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ǱӿһĨسѾʱ֮ԤԳ֣ʱ֮һԤԣ֮λľҲߴʿʳѾճֱռˡմ½Ǻ彫ȥδӣҳԣ㼺
΢΢һǾʱ֮е泬ֲ𣿺ĵ̣ȻȻܹ֪ôص鱨
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ͥӵʿĺǿأǵkǶǰǼ֦մ½ĿȨһǵߴʿʳǿѹһһ½ϣkǵʵͻή̫࣬ʿĶ֡
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̫ӻΪӦͶħʳħʳرʿرﵽ۷ħʳ֮ӵʵرħʳǲܹٵʵڴ֮е
ΪͶĸʳܹͶܻʳǸܻʳȣֻһЩȥʿţʵʳ޷ȡҿڽĴ֮Ҵ
ǺüͷһһԵĿȥ
һͷһƬɫ۵ĺ캣ӵõʾ⣬΢΢һЦܻʳϾǿߴʳ֮һ̲ʳҿܻʳȣͶضõáʳʵǿ󣬲ȴѾ㹻ʿΪǾȥҲ޷Ϊģ׾ͻᱻ˵ڻʹá
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âһţֵһǼҵͶܻʳáʱʳħʳҲϲˣͶǳʳǳ֮ͬͨԤܹδͶkĻҿԽܡ
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ԨǱˣһŵرƶɵľ޴֮һˣ޾Ԩ666ԨԨ󹫾Үա
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ЩǿһҮԼkߵ溣۷弶ĳʹɫ䡣
ҮյĶʹžµսѾչΪʮšеһžų塢ڶžųɯžų˿ű֮ΪԪ˧ÿһ溣֮еǿߣÿһ˵սԶԶڲҮ֮ϡ
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ͥǺ֮ͥһں˵ʮҪĵطͥĵۼرڴ˵ػɶ˵ⲻһ֮أ㱻ˣҲûʲôӰ졣ʱԳߣһ޷õԻʹʥͷ­Ҳʧ
ӴޱȵĶʹһɳ㹰ŲҮڵĳǱɵһߡ
Ǿ޴ԨѨ֮УԴԴϵķɳ˸ָԨħͬˮһЩǿɱȥ
Щǿֻܹһ߾貨ҮյĶʹţһЩԨħɱһ
Ȼ֮䣬İͿжħǾ޴ԨѨ֮зɳһɢ溣۷ֲϢİͿжħ󹫾ҲԨѨ֮зɳվһߣĿЩԨħɱ


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һԨħĲл֮ͷаһ£ͷ֮ͭϹ
һͷаͷ֮һֻ۾Ȼɢһƿֲ׵ĵͬʱһ춯أ·˺Ѳһŭ֮󵨣
˺Ѳһŭ֮Уʮ溣Լ˴溣ܼĿֲһл巨ȫ
ĻҲ΢΢һʧֳΡ


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ʮŲͬرǿ߾ʮ溣ܡԨ溣ǿ߶ûз֣صüĴڡ

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һޱȵ֮У溣ܵһ±˺ѿͷ֮ͭа溣ܵĸ֮һΧ溣¶졢пޱȵЦݡ
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һ溣ȵ֣ɵkǣͷаĹֶȻʮֹ죬ʵûг溣Ĺ֣ɵkǣ
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һһͷа֮ϣӵǿĿֲһ½ͷаֱòϲ飬һѺɫĻҳ
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ͷѿһֻ۾аһЦ֮ߵĹѨ
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һһ溣һΣֱӷǺɫĶѨ֮ڡ
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һͷİͿԨħһΣһ·ֳʮӰǲӰ֮һܼܺɱֱķѣ顣
һͷĻƽħģһųһƽɫĹâҫǺɱ֮ϡ
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ЩħԨǿЩʿԨǿߴ֮£ǺɱڵȥӲĶסɱߵĹơ
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ϣǲҮ¶ʹŵʮŵľųkʵʮžų֮Ǵڵ׵ĴڣھȻһһͻ˰ݡݡ˿ǿߣʵֱ졣
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ĺҹ׻ûĳ˰ݵһ㣬һŤĺҹӡȻ֣˰ݵڣڵȫѹһӡһˮײ档
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һɱͷͿжħȫװĴ˴Ԫ˧֮һһУرڷ֮ǹɻС
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ʧȥǿߵѹӴޱȵԨĻеΧ֮£˲ء
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ԨžӵǿǲŻսסû㹻ǿǿ΢սЩͻɢ
ƾԼĻеΧˡѹЩԨħԼ׵ľ޴Ѩ֮ǰ˳֮С
֮ĹѨףһͷаͻɱ溣ܡգ֪һСĽϲһ·ѹȫԼе˵棬ð޴յ顣


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ĿǰõԴټϡ֮о֦½֮Դʮ֮ڣ溣֮溣֮ĿǰԴҲ㹻֮ڽ׳Ϊ溣۷弶Ĵڡ
ҲǼޡҪ׳ΪʿʥʿʿʵۣĿǰԴԶԶ㡣
ٽڴ֮Уʿʵ۶Գ֡ηգԸðգȡԴӵĽᾧҲδܹҴ
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Ѿͻ˽޽żµȣǶͨʿǵ溣ڶ˵ڡ
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ʿԴӴǿʱʱܹŪһ㡣ʥʿҪĸԴ֮٣˱湥溣һ֮⣬Ѽټ
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Ͼÿһǿʿʵ۵ĹѨȻΪĹѨҲǵkΪԼ֮׼һصص㡣
ߣǿʿϲһصĶߺͱأΪ֡Լ٣ӣͿĶߺͱѸٵĻָʵ
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ԭڡ䡢һ޷ĶѨһ±ֻǶѨǽ֮϶Ÿָʯ̱ڻЩʯ̱ڻ֮϶̻֮һķṦΰ
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ÿһʯ̱ڻһر̺һǿޱȵĹɱطЩ֮նɱǿطС
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һ·֮ϣ洦ɼִħԨħоѪЩħԨħоʬȻǱߣֻʣЩԨħѪµںһ
ЩħԨħоʬ嶼ʿԸ߼۹ĲϣǵʬҲᱻǵߣٻᱻҰ⡣
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ǽ΢΢һת濴һۣһɹޱȵӵk֮


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Ƿ֮ڣһɳһڻǷһ·ѾʱʴôǸĺۼ·һͻȫһȴǹ·ոõ·һ룬ֳһֹޱȵľ
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Χһۣüͷһ壬֮ԼһɨȴԭŵľŸСѾʧʿڼӴҲʧӰ٣ֻʣʿӴޱȵ
΢΢Լֿȥ㿴һһε塣ĿһתԼֿȥֻһԲ
һĨɵ֮ɫξ磡Σˣ
޾Ԩλλ渺ļ壬ڤߵĹޣξǻָγɵĽʵ֮Ĺ硣
ξ֮зȫʵڵλ治ͬλ֮гŹ׵ξ֮ʿΪͷۣӦһ硣
λӵλ汾Դ־ֻҪλ汾Դ־ӦرʿͿǸλ淢ӳԼ
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ξ֮УҲһ·ߵС֮󣬾ѾɳΪ溣ξܡͬһ溣ξܣҲпһ֮ڣľһʬ塣
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һ溣ܵıһ³һһķ֣ǡҹذסȴɢһ׵Ĺᴩһһķ֣ݺݵĴһ溣ܵڡ

һ溣˫۳죬һ·һޱȲҽ֮ɫӡʱ֮˷ɢȥ
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ϣɫ䣬Ŀ΢΢һƣϣӹһĨ
һöʿ֮˶Ԩħ󹫾Ү˵һ޷üֵߵıǶʿ˵ȷһ
ɱӿһЦϣҵˣУʲôʿ֮ǧ򱶡ҮգҪϣǣǳ˵Ρ
ϣ΢һ֮¶һ˿֮ɫ
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ǻʵ۰ԻὫһ𱻽溣Ϊȥʿ֮ˡ
ҮĿ˸ϧﲻǽֵĵطȳĹѨսΣ
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ҮµʹԪ˧ÿһ׷k֮սնɱʿ溣ǿߣÿһ𶼲ô׶ԸĴڡ
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һ֮Уһʯֱ飬һͭսףڷۣɢʿǿߴǽʯ֮ѡ
һͭײ֮ʿӹײ֮һȻĸһ溣ܣ˿壬ȵ֮£ͳܳ˵ΰ֮֮أǻȥҪ屻𣿡
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Щײ֮УĪǷӡʳ

Щ溣һɫ䣬ĶܳһĨɵ֮ɫ
֮µĽʳ֮ڣ塢ǿߡ
֮еһͨС»ʿϵĴڡĴԪ˧ʥʿĿֲǿߡ
֮֮һֻ׷kս޵еʧ˭Ҳû뵽һֻʳʱɨµȻӡڽʯ֮УԽʮʱⳤӣ˵ǰ
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ܳһŭХϵͭжʱųһɫĹâͭŽһնһɫĽ˺գһǶħֱն顣

ʿȻܹ溣ܿ⣡ô
ԲܹõkѣǶ֮أ

һ겨Ƭ㳡֮Щε溣һɫ䣬׷ʩչܳȥ
硢䡢棬ǿޱȵĹɱһһܳĺȥ
ܳһɢһɻĹһĿֲϢӶͭŽǸַնȥ
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ЩͭײһϵĲһͭӡʼɫĹâ
÷ӡҲҪЩϹŶ
һƬ֮һޱȵӡݻγֹޱȣ˼Ĵڣһûͭײ֮ϡ
һͭײıǹޱȵķӡӡһѹеͳͳѹеǿҲ
ʳʿѾչʮ꣬Ȼظʢ˥ܵḶ́ʿطͬڲϵĽ
Щ溣ǲ֮λĴڣÿһ溣ܹ֮ӱ֮еţ޶̰塣ӡÿһ溣ܶգʤǿǿ
һͭײıڳʿӡ޴Ĺ㳡Ȼһ𶯣һ·ܹһеĺɫͨȻֱ֣һ
ǹ㳡֮еһͭײĶʱǺɫ֮ͨڣʧ
Щ溣ܿһޱȵĺɫͨһҽС
һ溣һ֣һͷ峤ߴʮףӡĸħȻ֡
һͷħһһ׷Ǻɫ֮ͨڣҲûϢ
һâҫֳЩ溣ܽ˷׷׳֣Ǻɫֱͨӷȥ
еĳһǺɫֱͨʧӰ٣·һͷǺɫ֮ͨݷе
濴īĺɫͨת㷨һĿֲΣԤУʱӿͷ
㷨ھʾңһ̤Ǻɫͨʮ
ӹһĨأһ֣ʮܲߢսһ·Ǻɫ֮ͨС
ʮܲߢսһǺɫͨޱȵʧȥϵӼɵ
ʱһ溣ܺȻǹ㳡ľͷһ°һһڤӵĸ֮ϡ
һڤӵĸâ΢΢ҫȻŤɢһɫ֮溣ܱһ´Ǹ񣬽档


799 
Щ溣ǿǹĸһۣ۾һ΢΢һΣһǹޱȸȥ
һҫЩ溣Ƿ׷״ǹޱȵĸ
һ㷨һû־һΣոо΢΢һΣһֱû˸֮ڡ
һޱȵĲҫһ´ǹĸ񣬳һ硣
ڤӣֶ֮ΣȻܹȡһڤˣ
Χɨһۣ㿴һɢڤϢᴩյڤӳǸ֮С
һεڤ֮ˮڤ֮еأɢһڤ֮
һ΢ޱȵڤ֮й䣬Ǹ֮УǸʯľȴڽһγ˸ϡŹֵĳ
ЩСĳһͻΪЩǿĳΨһЩɱ໥ɽĳܹΪǿĳΪʳĴڡ
µĸһڤϢֵĹ磬һ˲оһǿķ֮ޱȵ֮ڡ
֮ԼµĸӴޱȵһ±ӡ˴󲿷֣Ҳ޷Ӧ̺֮ŵǿ֮һ׹䵽˵ϡ
ħ磬ӡ˴󲿷ֵķԪ֮൱һħ磬֮Уֻܹʹڴ󲿷ֵʿΪ
֮׹䣬ӦԼ·ʩ˲ھŸС綼һֲֿѹҪһ˿ʮѡ
粻õǿȻӵпֲޱȵ
桢ϣǡ̡˹ĴǿһأͷϡŹ֣ɢϢĹһֱ
֮⣬ǽħ֮УЩȽ˵ص溣ҲЩɢϢĹŷɱ
溣ܼǿÿһǾɱ䣬궼þ޴Ľʿ溣ԶԶȲ壬溣֮ܵȻֲޱȣɱʿĳ
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һܼܲߢսͬһͷͷױޱȵĸޣݺݵĳЩĹ֮ڣӵһն
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ħ֮УµսȫûܵӰ죬ΪǵĶԴǸܾ壬֮Ԫħܡħ֮еķӡҲǸܾȫЧ
һУļܲߢսһ³˵ǰ˵ϡ
һԾһܲߢսϣϣǵҲʮļܲߢսϡ
ļܲߢսȻǽħλ÷ȥ
һҫǵ棬Щ溣һȫٱյĿֲٶǽħλ÷Ӷȥ
Щ溣ǰһߣЩ溣ͳͳ򱬡
ǽħ룬һ߻ƽɫĹײģǻƽɫĹײ֮ϣһڤӺնһεڤ֮ˮǻƽɫĹײ֮ϣǻƽɫĹײһһա
ǻƽɫĹײĺ󷽣һ֮УգԼһ״СʮƬҶÿһƬҶӡŸ֦֮ϷֳöɫʵС
һССľ·һ㣬ĳ֮·𱻵kա
һȦȦصĹΣССľ֮޾ء
һһɫĹʱһһĨ֮ɫǲ֮λ֮ص֮һҫ֮е䣬ÿһžҫʮ꣬ʹطãǾҫʾżµȵʿʽżеȡ
ǴߴڵʱѾ񼶳ֲÿһǶһ޶ӵвͬ޷ڶ񼶳ֲ
ҫ̺ŵĳʿʡӳʿ
ʿʴ˽֮ҪһȼʮѡǾҫһöͿһ˼ϵʵʿһԾ˽ޣΪżµʵľšֻоöһͬãܹһʿɾżµȵһٽΪżеȡ
ҫһοҵջСǣҴ򣬾ȥ
һӡ⣬ֻ۾ͬǳ֮ϹһɸֳͷƶɵͬһͷһĿӴ
ÿǰ̤һǽħĴرȻѿѷͬ֩һ·޷ǿӵһ㣬֮ϡ
Ŀ΢΢һ壡
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ΰ֮ںǣѵһţδңȥ
һǿںǰ̤һΪ֮һһֲޱȵѷ죬ȥ
ϣȻ𣬴һĨӰںǵǰһںնȥ
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ںһЦһųһ˿˿ӫ⣬һץϣǵĶʹ֮һץУһֱ顣
ںǰһִһĨӰһͬһϣǵĸǿֲޱȵγһУӲĽϣǵĸըѿѪҺ·ɽ
һΣһ³ϣǵǰһץkץУͬʱˡ
˹ҲȻ𣬳ںһںնȥ
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ںһЦתһȭֱӺ˹ĸһ㽫˹ĸ֧顣


800 ɱں
˫һĨ⣬ӡ֮ҫת粻֮мصطǰ̤һһ³ںǵǰһȭںǺȥ
һʿҲǾ͸ȥ
ںһЦ֮бҫͬһͷޣܣͬתط·Ϊһ𲻰һ㣬ȥ
Ϊеľ֮ײںǸܰ֡
䣡
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Ȼǿ󣡲ҿطҺķԴôܰУ
һЦ΢΢һΣһ»һӰͬһͷײޱȵԶޣŻĿֲϢһȭһȭںǺȥ
ںǻҫתطͬǿһͷһ㣬ֵĹ
ķ񹥻֮£ںϵıѪȴȻûб׺ɱ
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˹ںǱѪһĨ֮ɫǿϵǿ󣡣
֮һĨĽ֮ɫǵȻûпĻǵۼطԴպʹáȻǿޱȡ
ݡݡݵռݵĸԴ涼ܡһĵԴȴʵ۱°黹Ҫ࣬ǼԴ֮£ܹǿ
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Ĳеսնںǵ֮ϣÿһնһϸϸĵˣͬʱںǵƽ⡣
ںǵǿѾԪЩеսǿĺϽսܹնںǵ
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ںǾĿ֮Уһ³ǰһȭںǵ֮ϣںǵźݣ߿Ѫ
ټһ·ںǵ֮ϣںǵһ·һɽһ㣬˵ϡ
һ׹һºںǵ֮ϣ΢΢һ顣
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ʿ֮е溣ܼÿһǴ֮Уһ۷ǿߡûκζ̰塣ڽħ֮УҲ޲ߣΪ

âһȭһ˿磬һеĿֲܣһɫľӰ֮ϣһɫľӰֱӺ飬˳ƺһ溣֮ܵϡ
ǿޱȵ溣ܵһŤͬʱǾ޴ķ֮һѪ࿪ѣش
溣һŤʧеôܣôôǿ
ɱҫǰ̤һһ³溣ܵǰһȭ溣ܵͷ­֮ϣ溣ԴֱӺ䱬һץһɫ˿һһ㽫溣ܵ溣֮˾С
һģŤӰ溣֮ӿͼԶȥ
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һ£սͬˮһЩЩ溣ȥЩ溣Ƿɱһ
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һȫ͸·һӰ·һֻ֮֩ϵĳһ㣬ĲǻƽɫײĵϷ
һεڤ֮ˮ֮е䣬һ溣ܵϡ
һ溣ܱڤ֮ˮУһ·һޱȵĲҽ֮ʮ֮һ溣ܱ˫ͬһʬһ㣬һԾһڤ֮ڣڤֱӳˢʧ
һĻΧ溣ǿһڤӣһ¶˼ɵ֮ɫ
޾Ԩ渺Ļ֮أڤӾ֮ߵĹޡ
ʿʵۼǿ֮󣬵kǵƬ϶عڤӣΪ֮ѭһ֡
ʿʵۼǿطڤӣҲᱻڤʴϴȥһм䣬ջعڤ֮ڡ
Ƭħ֮Уе溣ܶʧȥ˻ͻرǱڤ֮ˮУҲһ걻ϴɰֽ׹ڤ֮ڣΪڤӵһ֡
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濴Ƭһۣ΢΢һĿЩ溣ܿȥһ۾Ϳʹ֮еĲҮա
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ҮһĨ֮ɫȻǴһȦ͹һɫĴڵk֮죬˫һµʮףͬ䵶һħצɢһޱȵϢ
ҮʮǰѾԨħ󹫾ʹùŵرҾβҵսħ֮Уkսڰ֮ϡ
ĶʹҲȻĹĵ˲Үյǰγһϡ
ͬͷޣͬһޱȵļ⵶һ´ǶʹսȺ֮ڡ


801 Ԫ˧
ѪȻƬ֣ʧȥ˴󲿷ֺڰĶʹĸǰֱһӲıնѿ
ս˻ӶսЩʹǷָΧг顣ΪӲɱһѪ·
ҮտԼ¾ĶʹͬӲһ㱻նѣһĨɵ֮ɫɫ䣬¶ڼӡޡ꣬ңһɵⲻɽǶС
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һȺĿǳļһϣ
ҮտǿֲޱȵĻеһۣĶ棬һȻֱӳȥ
ҮµԪ˧塢ɯ˿΢΢һΣһĨӰȥ
ʹԪ˧Ȼ޷ô󲿷ֵĺڰƾҲԶͨ溣ܵ
һɫĽҫǵڲҮǰĲͳͳԪ˧Լն飬Ȼ󱻿紵һߡ
ЩնĲֻҪоƬûбƻѸٵԶһٴγһܼܳΣɱĲսˡ
ԸеĶʹԪ˧񹥻֮£һͨĵ·Ӳı֮ն˳
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Үھ滹һ׵ʱ˫ۺâһʩչһޱȵĹطٶȶʱһ±һʮյĿֲٶȣִһĨӰȥ

ת粻壬Χһ¸ֳһ˿˿⣬һԶŻ磬·Ϣ֮һצ˺գһ´˲Үյ֮ڣӲҮյ˳
ǲҮյȭͷźϣֱӺõɳԶһѪ
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ҮѪŤ˺ѷεĺ֮kϢܼٶѸٵ˥
Ԩħ󲿷ֵڵkǵ棬һڳԨħԨħ󹫾ʵҲѸٵ䡣
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˷ȴ޷ѣǷӡ֮һķӡ
ס֣

Ļ쵰

ǶʹŵĶʹǼһĻȥ
Ķʹһ·ȻǿֲĲ߾ŵסҫԶ̹ҲǶʹȺ֮ըѿ
Ķʹͬһ֮׹䣬ڵϣʹޱȵš
ħ֮Уʹĺڰս˼㣬˿ûбĻеţֱһ
ܺãҵսƷˣ
΢΢һȡӡˮףǱӡ֮ӡİһץһ½ץ𣬶Ǹӡˮ棬Ӳķӡ
塢ɯ˿ǲҮµԪ˧׷沨ҮһӴޱȵĳʹһͬնɱʿĿֲڡkһˣʵڲҮ֮ϣ溣ǿһĴڣֻһܹΪʿĿֲǿߡ
ܹץԪ˧κһѾʮ㣬Ͼӵжʹ֮أͬʱطȫԽԪ˧ˣ
Ȼ֮䣬һɫϸߴһֱȥ
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ʱǺɫӼķλһһźɫʿۣѩ񣬺ڷۣһɽ֮پ֮ӵоɫյŮʿڶǲս˵ķ񹥻
һŮʿҲ֪ʹʲôرƭ»еŵɨ裬ſԳû͵Ϯһܹشǻɱ档
رÿһֶӵз˼ĿֲõֿЩرķԾԵݻǻߵֵǡ
˫֮ŭӿһץǿɯ˿ӡˮ棬һУһ󽣱С
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ǵ֮һֲޱȵǿߣһʿĿֲڣִһӴʿźȡ
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һ溣סְɣǸϣȻٸƾ£᡾ҫ
ã޾ԨλЩһλһͬƽǸϣ
ϵӦһԭΧЩ溣ǵļս˶ʱߣ޾ԨλĴԨ󹫾Ľ
ָĹԨħ֮УԨħŵԨħ˲ء
ЩԨħԶʿʧȥԨ֮ڰ֮󣬵kµĻеΧ֮£ͬһ㱻ո˲أһ
޾Ԩλ汳һʿʵۼĿֲڣû˵Լһ˿ԤУԸһֲĴıóѡ
Ԩħ䣬ԨħҲֳֻܹԼǿ̬Ͷս֮Уսɱһǵkǲ֣ЩԨħֻ·һ
һΣͬһǻƽħ󹫾ǰһצŻ硢ѹһеĿֲϢͷƽħ󹫾ݺݺȥ
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ͷƽħ󹫾ɫ䣬һ͹ƽɫĴһŭһȭȥ
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һЦ˵һ䣬ٶȻһצͷƽħ棬ӲĽǻƽħ󹫾˳
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һץ㽫ͷƽħ󹫾ʬֱӡĿһתͷͿԨħϡ
ͷͿԨħһĨ⣬Ȼˣʱķȥkʮ治Ϊ˵kһˣǡҫ
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Ȼ֮䣬Ԩħ֮УһͷȥʮͨʿͿԨħ˵һ䣬ָһһɫξһ³˵kС
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Ļеܱ˲ɳֳ־޶ſ˷ֵǰ
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һͷʿİͿԨħĿһۣһ³һϵûĹŹס
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һֻ޴ĺצһ֣ǿֲĵһƺ·̩ɽأѹôؿѡռŤ
Ǿ޴צԲǧ֮⣬еļս˷һ׹˵ϡ
ʿʵۼĿֲڣѹѾ󻯣ӵʵԵֲ˼㡣
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ǻƽײĵսҲһһѽ⣬ޡ
ǵǰսҲǿֲޱȵĳ֮£÷顣
ǽħһ˲䣬һ¸ӦԼķӡһɽضܱǰݻγһ޴ޱɽϣǵǿεĻס


803 ҫ
ǿֲĳһײɽضľ޴ɽ֮ϣǾ޴ɽһһ飬ײɽضܱ֮ϣɽضܱͬһͬײɳʮ֮⡣
Щ溣Ҳһ˲ʩչطһǿޱȵķرȻ֣εػŵkǡ
ʧȥǽħĽħ֮Щ溣Ƕٴηӳ˿ֲޱȵʵֵסʿʵۼֲڽֵನ
ʿʵۼĴڣǿֲ溣ʿʵǰҲͬһ㣬׾ͻᱻĨɱ
Ӧǿֲޱȵ˷ܺڴĹâԼгһҲܹΪʿʵۼĿֲڡ
ǿֲıըನʧ֮һֻԨħĺɫצʧ
ڤҲѾǱ֮ڤ֮нȡڤҲʧ
Լе溣ܶһƬĿռ֮С
һƬĿռ֮УŤĿռѷ죬ʿǿ߱ŤĿռѷУᱻֱն鲿塣
е溣ܶŤĿռ䣬Ŀǿռ뿴ȥ
ǿռλãһƽײģһƽײ̮һ룬һεκɫıѪͬҩһ룬ǻƽײ֮е䣬һƿֲ׵ĵǻƽײ֮
濴ǻƽײ֮ʳĵۼѪ۾΢΢һײˣѾˣѪҺƲסˣ
ʿʵۼĿֲӵǿޱȵĻָ㱻йᴩ壬ҲıѪ
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߰溣ܵĿһϣתЩ溣ǿһۣһЦһС
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ǾҫÿһŶܹʿʮԪһΪʿʮԪʿ֮ҲǼΪϡٵٱ


804 

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ļս˻Щ溣ɱϣǵһ·ɵߣԶȥ
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һɫĹâȻۣγɫǳ·̺һĿֲΰȻײ̡˹Ѫ󹫾ϡ
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濴һĨ֮ɫǡ㷨ϵţһΣԤӿͷǿʿ̫ǿˣ֣һʤ㶼ûС
һĨ⣬ҧгݵֻܹյƣˣʵ㹻ǿ֮ȥǡ
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ǽֻӵʿΪĶֻ֣ܹѡߡ
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ѩƮ֮γһѩ֮һֻֻɱѩ֮γɵѩ֮зʫ
ѩ֮Уһһͷɫѩɫʿۣòססʸ߹󣬷·֮ռݣ绪ľŮһ˳
濴Ǵ֮һ绪׵ľŮЩĿɿڴʧеѩ
֮߳ľŮӽʯ֮ҵСʯѩ
̤նʯѩһת֮޾𺧣ʧе棿ôսħ̫ϳɵ״ʯѩôܣɲ溣ʿô̵ܽһʿ
һʿǿÿһǿޱȣڰ˴ʿʳʱҲǳưʮλİ
ǵڰʿʳ֮󣬵֮λʿͼûһʿ鱨ʯѩȻΪʿֱ졣


805 ɱ
һĨĽ֮ɫеһ˿ȫұΪԴطʴ˽ޣżµȣٶ֮λѾһһĿ١ǿľţһһأ
ĿƼսˣݻһһʿţЩʿŵԴͳͳУٶȲŻ˾ˡȻϲ˵ȴҲЩ
ڿʯѩȻѾΪʿһűȫѹȥ
ȻҶҸ綯֡ԲðɣҶֻ֣øʹ࣡
ʯѩȻվ֮Уͬһŷo߸ϣĸ֮·˵һȻ飬ƽ̺֮һ˿ŭ
˫֮ȻӿһĨһЦԴӽΪ溣ʿ֮󣬾Ѿкüû˸ô˵ˣһ½ʿҲŰ裬ȱһͷŮȮҰˣǵŮȮһʮȤ

ʯѩü΢΢һ壬޾ı֮Ľ֮·Ϊһ޵еıѩһָһѩγɵȻ֣֮ڣѩ裬ﶳᣬѹȥ
ǹޱȵıѩһ֣Բʮ֮ڣȻ½ѩִأǶʮ֮ڣ·仯Ϊһѩ
ǵһǷУԻһ˲䱻ȫ⣬˶Ϊ顣
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Сˣʵۣʵ֮ϡ⡾顿ʿߣٺķʱ⣬Դƶɵرر֣ԲҵĶֻ֣аһ;
תط޾֮ûˡ顿֮ڣǡ顿⻪ҫ·̺һİһ㣬һ¹⻪Χıѩ֮
˵ǷǷرʲΨһĺôط䡣ϧ㱾˲ʿر㱾޷ϡ̶ֳȣҲǰҫǲ֪
ʯѩҫѩӡΧƣ֮гŽϣͬһֻϡ
ʯѩĮĿһɨоȻ΢΢һ·һͷ޷ֿĿֲޡ
ʶһ£ʿ
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һɫĹâҫǡ顿㱻ѩȫ磬ض֮ϵ
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һ֮ǰһʯѩС
濴ʯѩɽѹг𺧣ǿ̫ǿˣ
һǵʿսˣԸϣǡ˹̡Ѫ󹫾ĴֵΧܹɰܵУµʮ֮һûʹʯѩʱȴһʯѩս֮ǿֱ
һ߿Ѫһ߷ʯѩ֮𺧺ͼ֮ɫǿʯѩа˼ϵȲ٣ô̵ʱ֮ڣôܻôǿ
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Ǹսħڳ֮λʱʯѩȻһԾΪʿĿֲڣ³һеǰֱ̼Ŀɿڴ
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806 
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ԶʱЩȴκˡ
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һ·ӶԴʿ֮ʮʿļѡ
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ʯѩѾʿĿֲڣӵеĸԴʯѩ˵ʵ̫ƶ񤡣Ψǡ֦մ½֮ϵԴпܶʯѩá
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شپ໥ɡںϡĹ̡֮Уǽһǿɱ¾Խ࣬ʬ棬ͻͬҲˡԣ֮ǿǲݵĹϵս棬ʿʵۼǿ߶֡
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˴ʿʳ֪˶ٸ֣ȵںϵʱ򣬶֡磬ǵʱ䲻ˡʯѩһ̾


807 溣
ԭˣЩʥʿһûߣԭҷӡԼؼʱ۷֡
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΢΢һڤ֮һն޴ڵڤӡ
Щ溣Ϊˡҫ໥֮ɱ˴󲿷ֵ궼ڤ֮ڣΪڤӵ
ǻƽײҲڤ֮£ڤγһޱȵĹϵ
ϸһ룬Ǵ޾Ԩλһʿʵ۳֡ƾҪȥ֮ײγɵıϼֱ졣
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֮ĹѨһս֮Уնɱ˴ԨħҲո˴Ԩħ࣬һԨµĶԴ
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666޾ԨԨ֮ǲҮաӵԨ֮ݣʿĿֲڣ޾Ԩ666֮жǵkĶ֡
ڲҮ䣬666޾ԨԨ֮λÿ飬Ȼǿ죬Ҳ֮һ
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һǿޱȵǳǱ֮
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һľħĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫһһ
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809 ħŮ
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Ѫһתγ˰壬ħſһҧ׷ҧ˰֮ϣҧõkʹޱȵĲҽ֮
תĶ棬һ˿ɱףôҺħŮͬ
޾Ԩ棬ű˵ˣѾòˡǸӦǵѰɣȻҲôĵ
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Ԩ׻ʹȻתʵһԶš·аγɵĻʹȻ֣֮УγһɫĹ
رȻĴ󹫾ڲ֪֮бԻ˲𣡡
ħŮ˫ģȻһЦ֮һ¸ֳһޱȵӡһۿжһöĻױɵ۾һ˿˿ޱȣ溣ܶԿĻ֮˿һ´ߵ߻ûС
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ڰ溣ϢȻ֮䱬һħŮʣȻʧ
Ȼˣǰ״󹫾Ϊ666Ԩ֮ȤҲ777޾Ԩͣʱһ˶顣
ħŮڰ溣ϢĿһۣ֮һĨɵ֮ɫȻȻһЦһӣһħƴСɫֱӷɳС
һɫĹâҫħŮʱԼֽ⣬һâʧ
滯Ļƽħɨ·ħŮʿסԨħһۣ΢΢һΣһƽâЩԨħ֮ڡ
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˿ЩԨħİһkֱɱ
һâҫԨȨܶԨ֮ʹ֮ڡ
ƬԨԼµĸɱ֮ԨʹڲŴ֮е䣬һץС


810 666Ԩ֮
Ԩ֮ʹһУʵ飬һûڡ
һɲ֮䣬ǵ666޾Ԩ֮У·Ԩ֮֮СĸӦԼܹǵ666޾ԨӳԼϣԼʱʵͬʱѹƵˡ
һʿǿһ̤666޾ԨҲᱻǹɿֲԨ֮Ȩ֮ѹƣʵ͵溣֮ǿԨ֮Ȩܵļӳ֮£ʱӵʿĿֲ
һһ֮£ʿǿ666޾Ԩ棬Ҳᱻѹ
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һߵǶ֮ǺĹ֮£ͬħңףӽ𣬾޾Ԩ666֮
ңףӽ𣬾޾Ԩ666֮

һͨԨ֮Ȩ޾Ԩ666λ֮ɢ޾ԨλеԨħ
ЩǵԨħһ±㱻Ԩ֮ȨܴӡֻҪǣһ仰Ƕôǿ󣬶ΪĲ¡
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666λ˲ħŮ𣿵kһζǵ666޾Ԩ־ڱصãô

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޾Ԩλ汾ͬһԴԷѣͬҲںϡ޾Ԩλںϣͻøǿ
޾ԨλںҲޱȵıޱȵıﶼǿı
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Ƭ֮еһƬǿ֮пռһ΢΢Ť汾ֱֳΣƬȥ
Ƭռ俴һۣĬĬƫƧңԶĵطѩ꣬ҪǸĴڣܡ
µĻеЩһֱǽ֮ѰŸֿԾסǻ壬ӵмֵλ档
ǽ֮ȻλʿѰ֮£ӵǻλ涼ѾϷ֣Ҫҵһ9λ涼ʮѡ
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һǰ֮Уоϱȫ԰ԼĴڡļϵҲһ˲䱻ֱжϡ
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811 
ǳɽɽۣվŶʮָ֣֮ÿһӵоǿṦĸ֡
һԼʮһ黨裬Ȼʮȴѩף˫ˮͬ˵һ㣬ˣ崿ŮһԵİ׷ʵүү޹⽣޽޹⽣˵޹⽣Ѱľаеھšôûп޹⽣
׷ԶԶ޽һĨĽͼ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾޽Ѿ޽нﲻΪľ硣ľﶼΪ־磬ѾԶԶǵ󡣡
һһɫۣòӢʲҡ޽һĨ֮ɫһ죬Գջᳬ޽գΪµһˣ
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һ黨Ůʿ̲ס̾ṦṦȻܹز̫ˡǴܵ۹Ϸֵʦ֮һյˡ˲𣡡
ŰɫۣӢĿ΢΢һһĨɵ֮ɫṦϷֵʦ֮һյˣȻͬ죡߾Ҳǿľѧ֮һ
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һĨʧһ̾ϧȻѾ޽нľ硣ȻҵĶܹ֡˾ˣǽľ磬ܹһսڵ㣬ҵĶ֡
ϰʮ꣬ûһֹͣδһܣϣܹƷһʧܵζ
޽һУһһʮ֮һ֦У΢΢һһ֦֦Ҷֱӱɣ֦֮ϣһϸС¶һժҶɻ˵ĿֲΪ
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΢΢һЦһһ޽ȥÿǰ̤һǳɽ֮һＸ׵Ľӡͬʱÿ̤һƾͻǿһ֡
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ϵľɣͬŲܹͬõһ飬Ѱһ񽳴죬˵ͻһ֮ϵľ

ǳɽɽ۵ָһĨ֮ɫ׷ʩչṦǱɽ巽ȥ
ǳޱȵ۾֮УȻһĨңЩȷ޽Ҹղźʯ֮Уһˣ
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޽Ҳ΢΢һΣ֮ɽķȥÿʮף͵һƬҶڿУ΢΢һ㣬ʩչṦͬշһǱɽķӶȥ
̮ɽλãһ޴ĶѨ֮Уһһ壬Ϸһ֮
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һһħʯС
һħʯ֮͸оħʯ֮еħڲϵɢ磬ʱɢһ롣
ٴȡһħϸ۲죬һħħҲʼɢ磬ɢٶȱħʯҪöࡣ
Ŀħʯһüͷ΢΢һ壺ڽĹ֮ǰҲֹħɢħܵķš
ǾʯıСӣеǼ׸ӣĽļա
һǳӨò׵ҡȣ
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ħͨ£ĪҲӣ

ʮźɫװ̫Ѩ߸߹ֳĻ֣߳ߺںţе׷ָ档
Ī磿Ҳԣûг֮ôķп磬ҲпһƼҴԽʿ磬򣬾ĵ磬ư磬Ҳ޷ˡ
濴һŵĻһĨ֮ɫӿһ˿̾
ħʲôĺˣ
һëȻЦ֮УһϹ۾һ䵶İСձһ˳ϴЦݡ
ħһЦħգ㾹ȻҲˣΪ˱㱻޹⽣޽һϹ۾֮ɣ
ħһĨײ֮ɫĿħһۣɱһţĿһϣеħʯһḬ֮̃ɫɱСӣıƽ֡Ҫ죬һ޽ǵûʲôˡ


812 ħ
ǱɽħҲҪһݣ
ӰһԷӶòªŸűеĹ˱ͬʯ׹γɵĴ󶴱ԵشĶ棬̰֮ɫ
еһͼħɢһ˿˿ħܡ
ЩָһʶͨʵԶͨˣһǴ󶴱Ե͸оԼڻӣӵıеһͼħ
ħĿòªŲͬűеĹˣһĨɵ֮ɫɽħҲȷʵʸһݡ
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ħɽħҲΪɵֻ֦뾡жһͼħ
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ˡ֮꣬γһķ羰
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ܵ۹ĴʦǮһݺ᲻ܣȴ򻨹򻨹С֮⣬жʮʦ֣򻨹С
ŰµŮʿ΢΢һЦһĨ磬ǰ̤һλ򻨹һū򻨹е˼λӣ򻨹ߡ
ħޱȵŮʿĿ΢΢һ򻨹ʮ֮ޱ
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һƽ޲֮дĴ˵ĶС
ֻ֮Уյյ۹ͣӭ簿裬ͬһ̤նеһ㣬һ
յˣ
գ

ڳаɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
ħħաɽħ򻨹ĸֻ۴˵أȻ
޽ĸ֣ܹǱܾ֮ʱնɱǶ˵һʧǻڴ˵صаֲ޽г𣬾г
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ֳĺȻ߾ڰյȥ
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ڰգһһ½ʮֻɫ֮£һתһֻֻɫֱӷɻأǺ֮Уһ½ʮֱӹᴩ˵ϣʹޱȵİ֮
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ЩаǼһĻɫ䣬ޱȵļɵ֮ɫ
Ʈһҳľ޴ӶԵޱȵĴĿնȫЩа֡
һƬƬһ˿˿Ҷ޽̤һƬƬһ˿˿Ҷ̤նУһ֮Ʈء
ָ֣Ȥҽдħֲˣҽħ棬￪ħǵΪΪҵĲ£ħԵһħΪЧɣ
濴Ǵ޽˿û˾ı飬΢΢һЦħķȥ
ħһĨâɭһЦȵħ棿ôĿһ㣬㵽ظ浱ħˣż
ħ֮УһȻֳָ֣棬ֱһ
ա޽ֻüͷ΢΢һ壬ûֹħԺħ棬ҪǶΪ£ȻȲؿ㣬ҲȻЩá

һ֮Уһֻһ´ü֮ϣȻֱӱɵһߣ˵ϡ
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ûһ˿ƣôܣ
ʦĸֶܹɱľ󣡾˶书ĴʦҲ޷ֵסһôܵסһûһ˿ƣ

һаĸּһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾
ħʱɫ䣬żˣż
ʮѸһָһͬһȥ

һ֮Уһֱֻֻϣɡ۷һĴ֮
Ҳԣûչֳʵ࣬ҪǳңЩǿѡɣǼʶһ֮Ĳࡣ
΢΢һЦ΢΢һһֱγһ֮ʮһ
һɲ֮䣬һѪ߱ʮ֮ϣһǵֱӷֳ룬ƬѪҺǵ֮нء
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ײޱȵĶħɫ࣬˫ϣɪɪȻתһУʩչṦԶȥ
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üͷ΢΢һ壬ָʳָһϣһһ𵴲˲伤һºǶħյͷըѿ֮պյĶħԴֱըѡ
һĻڳ󲿷ħĸ඼ɫ࣬ɪɪſ־֮ɫ
ָ֮Ϳնɱ֮ʦֻ֣񻰴˵֮УЩԶŵħӵеֶΡ
ħʮֻ飬һ¹ڵϣͷһֱĳѪСħħˣСԸħΪЧ
СӣҲ顣ҪɱɱӺֻȱ֣ǿһ
΢΢һЦǰһֱӿԽ˰׵ľ룬ħüһ㣬ħγһޱȵӡûħڡ


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浭ӡÿûеõҵĽҩʹɷӡһӡҲ˰ӡôԻ
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תЩǰָһָˣЩ˲Ϥ˵һ¡ħҲҪЩצŷ㡣
Сڲ֪֮ǰѾʯѩ֮֡Упܻǿ߽硣
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ǼƲҲͬڻβһ㣬ħ溣ܵʵܹһ
ħǣ棡ɽħڵ֮кպĸ֡һԲϣͽ÷ɽׯһʮ˿ȫɱ⡣ÿһǽϵһ֣֣նɱʦ֡
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ɨɽħһۣһץץһɰʯһӡ
һƬɰʯһ˲佫ɽħ֣ɽħֱӺƬһƬѪɢء
ħ΢΢һɽħڵλãǿ־壬ңǿֱǿòˣ
ɽħÿһħĶ֣֣ħҲδܹʤùħ
һӣǽ֮ϺպɽħͱһƬƬֱ졣
ħ޽һָ޾Ķ⣺һλǴܵ۹֮еĵһ޹⽣޽޹⽣ųµһ콣һһǰĮʮĳѨһ˽Įʮȫնɱ
ħȻԺħ棬ȻĵˡȽ޽Ҫ赶ɱˣ޽ɵ
ħ棬ָ̣
޽һץԶ֮ʮĳȻʣ׷׷ɳֱӷȥһץһѾֳУĳǷ׷״˵¡
ΪһĽͣ޽֪޽нԶԶȲһֳû书ԸĶǿߣȻ˿⡣
ħˣǷǴ
յһ˷·뻷ȫΪһ壬ǿ˫֮У˶ĺ棬ûһ˿Ŀ־塣
ָһһֲޱȵĿͬһ޽Լռȥ
޽ɫ䣬ΧҶ̳Լ۷һǳʮ׵ĽâǾֳ֮еһ̡
ħѹ֮£޽ٴͻƣͻԼļޣ̳۷һ
飡
һ֮У޽оֳѣҲͬһ˵ϣһѪһĨ֮ɫ
ˣ޽ľͶУħ治ˣ
̫ǿˡħ浽ʲô书ôôǿ
ħ治ˣǴӵħ

ΧָּһĻһƬɪɪж¶־֮ɫ
򻨹ʮ֮ޱò԰ޱȣΪ־ϵĲǵһμʶ˿ֲ˾ǿߣôôǿ󣿲ôôǿˣ
ħˣˣ
΢΢һ̾·뻷һ㣬΢΢ǰ̤һһӰӶȥ
Ŀһ򻨹Ůʿϣ¶һЦݣĿ˶ǣǲ֪ǵΡ
ָһһ˲յ֮ϣֱӺɣѪͬһ˵ϣֽϿѪ
ЩָһĿɿڴʥ֮һĴʦͬһ㱻һָɡ
ǰ̤һ˲ֵָʧȻһ㣬ͻأޱȵĳޱǰһһ°ޱͷϡ
ޱǵһαᱡҪȴ־޷·èһ㣬Ҷ
Ȼ۾һһĨϲɫ¶һ˿Цݣ7ϵȵʣǳɫԵӽҵͽ֮һһᴫط弫ޣ̤ʿ̤ϳ֮·
ʿ֮У弶ʾѾ㣬ţ߼ʵ֮еš
һӡţǵԭҲ߼ϵȡ
ޱȻӵ7ϵȵʣڲ֮λ棬ĸʿ֪
ޱεȻ飬˳ƹڵϣӯӯһݵͽޱʦ
ħĶޱż֮ɫɶΪʲôңΪʲôΪͽ
ȡһеħʯһ飬һָޱüģһǿޱȵħһӿޱڣ֮£֮һزر⡣
ޱϢһͻƵ˴ʦ֮ڣһԾΪһʦǿߡ
һɿֲޱȵĴʦϢޱ֮ѹķ
޽һ߿Ѫһߵޱг֮ɫʦħ浽ʲôˣʲô书ôһ³Ϊʦ
޽һԼսʦҪʵս֮УǾ޴ѹԼһͻƣΪʦ
ޱʵ޽ҪһأȴһԾΪ˴ʦǿߣֱ졣
һ߿ѪһһĨ𺧵Ŀ⣺ʦֶΣ
ʦǿܵ۹֮бѾλĴڣ֮ϣֻߴʥ
ߴʥÿһײβǿߣλȨһʦײĽǽ֮ŵָǿ߾Ǵʦ
ɨһŽӵ򻨹ɣ
ǣħˣ
һ֮ǽ֮дһֻȱƿĻһһɫװ磬ȱ·Ů崿Ů˵ԸУ˼㣬ʳκ˼ᱻľ˴һĨ磬šȱ̬ǽ֮л߳
ޱѾǾɫˣ򻨹һȣͬк컨Ҷһ㣬úۡվ򻨹ߣеĹʶ򻨹ߣ˵Ŀⶼ򻨹ϣޱϡ
Χָһ򻨹˶̲סһ¶һ˿Ľ֮ɫ


814 ħ
濴򻨹һۣһĨ̾ʾʮֳɫһ޶ûг֮֮УܹȻ󡣲ħŮʣǲ̫Զˡ
򻨹֮ѾĴڣһһЦ֮ûг֮ĴڣЩŮħŮʻǲ̫Զ޷Ȼ档
Σ
΢΢һЦ򻨹ץȥ
ħˡ
򻨹΢΢һ¶һ飬΢΢һɫʩչʮֱ仯Ҫвɫѡ
ʯĳˣ򻨹Ǹ鶼ᱻȴɫ䣬һһ°򻨹ͷϣʼ̽ʡ
ڲ֮λ棬һɨܹɵĽЩ˵ɨһ֮УֻֽܹͨӴܹ֪˵ʡ
ַſ
Ȼ֮䣬һŭ֮ӲԶ֮һòӢһŭʩչṦͬһֻһԾ
һӣʯͷֱӷɳͷ­֮ϣͷ­޴Ѫ
ɵӡڵȸְȻȺ֮жȻͬһȥ
һӣһƬɰʯֱûƬȺ֮Уɲ֮䣬һƬȺͬڵһ㣬˲䱻Ѫɫ֣ʬҰҲ̶á
ЩΧ۵ָǿЩͬһ㱻һ־ɱһб˿־壬
һЩֶָԼıжòȣһеصƬ򴫲֮
򻨹·һȺһǵĮޱȵ飬΢΢һҲʲôСƾĴһ°֮ϣŪ
ɨ򻨹һۣһĨϲ֮ɫ߼ϵȵʣҲѵһš翴治Ǻӡ
ܺãʲô֣
򻨹ׯ΢Цħ棬ҵֽܡ
Цҵͽܷңȥѡһѡ˳һᣬеѾǧ򡣡
򻨹ʱһëȻĸоΪħ֮򻨹еָѾˣѾ֮кպĴħͷȴɵ˳ǧˣһ£򻨹ĴħͷΪ֮Ĳ
˵ģģ
򻨹ʴӱʸߴ߼ϵ֮еţӵзͬѰֱһ¾Է飬ʱбޱȡ
򻨹һ¹ڵϣӯӯһݣͽܼʦ
ͽ
΢΢һЦĿԴԴϸָֿһۣǶ£ħҵצͳͳȥˡ
һ쵶ȵһӣôˣʥҲɱˣ
һ˲䣬ָʩչṦ˷ȥ
һȺ
һĨ֮ɫһץһʯͷӵ·УȻ
һʯͷͬһ㣬ֵָ֮ϣͬӵڵһ㣬ָһһ䴩
֮䣬ѡߵֶָһ߾߲Ʋʬ壬ϡ
ÿµˣѾǴ˵֮ħǿ̶ֳ߲ܹȣ
ǲдָּһĻһҲֿ֮ġ
ħˣ񹦸ǧأһͳºɽǣԸΪЧ
ħˣͨ£ĪҲӣ²ϷīۣԸΪЧ

ǲдַָ׷¹򣬴еƨġ
ħҲƤһ飬ڵϣƨ蹦̵¡
ɨյһۣ䵭գң
һ¿ȳƬѪȻ΢΢һЦҲܱʦţѾùˣħ˸Ҹʹ졣
ʵһģϧˣ
ϧһָ̾һһɳ˲ɳûյü֮С
һ˲䣬ûϢϴЦݣʧȥ
ָɵգɨ޽һۣ޽أ
޽һᣬʵħˣΪЧɷܹϰøӸ书
ȻһЦŵȻѧ书̫ǳܵóѧҵһɱ£ǧ꣬ʲô⡣
ǧ꣡ĿԳǧ𣿡
һޱħ򻨹һ۾һ֮г˴˵֮еħǿ֮⣬ʥ֣Ҳֻһһʮҡǧ곤ǿΪ֮
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޽һ̾һ¹˵ϣЩӦ޽ԸΪħЧ
ûãħճϢ㴫¡
ħ֮Уָ֣޹⽣޽򻨹ܡ򻨹ʮ֮ޱޱΪ˴ʦĸ֡
ʦĸڽ֮ϾѾǾ֮Уʥ֮һ֮Ҳֻʦĸ֡
޽ܡޱʦ֣ڼָΪצ֮Щɶħֱ̲ԸӵĶֱӻˡ
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һ£òŮʿޱһ̤ɽׯĺ԰㿴Ǻ԰֮Уڷһź
һź֮ϣķһż߷ֱ򻨹ʮ֮е¼Ǯˮɻٻ
¼Ǯһ޳쵰ԼʮһŮ䣬¶ɢһȻϢŮζĴŮˮɻٻȴǳһ˫ȴ¶ͯվ飬崿ԸеŮ
ʱ¼Ǯˮɻٻһ֣ᱡޱȣ˿֯ɵɴ£ˣջ
Ǻǰжʮ򻨹ʮƯɰԼʮһСϷˣγһķ羰
ޱһĻһĨ֮ɫеһ䣺Сɧ꣡
¼ǮˮɻٻʵԶޱޱ֮£ǶŮһħȫȫϲ˼֮󣬱ӵ˿ֲޱȵʵѾΪ˴ʦĸ֡
ޱһ뵽ԼŬȴ¼Ǯˮɻٻ׷ϣоЩʡ
¼Ǯˮɻٻһޱ̤뻨԰΢΢ţȫȫֺ棬ϣ潫Լעȫǵϡ


815 Ƶ
ޱһ񣬽һ鼮ݸ棺ħˣѾħղصϹŵ伮
Ҳħ֮һӵһʦĸ֡򻨹ʮһһ˶ʶϣʩչطΪ˴ʦĸ֡
ֻһʦĸ֣ʮϵĴʦʤ㡣
ӹһżⷭţһĿʮУһɨһҳֽ֮еϢױ֪ա
溣ܵļԶԶļܹԣ֮ϵĳļҲ޷溣Ტۡ
ޱ棬֮д˸֮ɫԽദˣԽܹоǿͿ¡ЩϹŵ񻰴˵ѵģ
򻨹ĵӶŮΪ׽򻨹ʮÿһŮͳ輧׽ҲԽܹоɲͿֲ֮
Ȼ۾һ֮һŽҳɨһۣط
ޱط񻰴˵֮С񹦡񻰴˵֮Уۡħǿ¡ǿ߼սشñѣ󺣵ǳ顣۵طħħطľط޵еǿ񹦡
Ǯίһ䣺񹦽ֻǴ˵֮ӹŵ񣬸û񹦡
ٻȻһЦû񹦵˲ǱǱɲзϣö֮Ҳûȥ񹦡
΢΢һЦȻܹɳɹ񹦱ȷʵһһǿطҲʿľططҪԴ֪֮࣬磬һħʯûУҪطڳ˵Ρ
ҴЩطҲ⣬ܹЩطһʿҲ֮ͻ飬ǵΪطֲڵ
սħڳռطۼطżطʿططޱ˵һ㲻ɽĴڣȴһ۾Ϳطıʡ
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Ҳ˿ûε˼С֮Уʵδ֪֪Ƿ񻹻ŵۡħ֮⣬ˣ˶һԸ޷ֺ
Цܵ۹𡢻Į֮еĽͥħ𡢺۹ۣ۹ǵkƿĴ֡ȤնϵkǵĴ֣kʲôӦ
ħɰתܣޱȥ֯һֻӳҪһǧҡٻһͬȥΫݵľӡ
ޱŮӦǣħˣ
ΫݾפľӪ
Ȼ֮䣬һȻѲߵʿһָʲô
һĿԶȥֻʮһµŮʿ̧һźޱȵĻƽ
ǻƽ֮ϣˣԼǮٻ
ħˣ޵У£ĪҲӣ
ħˣĳ£أһͳ¡

ʮģƨħշָǸں棬ͬһȺں֮ڡ
Щָһһÿһܹնɱϵʿʿ֣ȫԽЩָͬɱһȫɱ
ħħ棬ǰΫݾ˳߲Ͷ棡
ǻƽ֮ϣƽָһһʯͷͬһöһ㣬˲Ϣ֮ɳһºΫݾӪڣͬըһ㽫ΫݾӪֱӺñ顣
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ˣôһ
ǹħ棬ǿµĹ
˵֮УʦĸֶסһԷ顣

ЩħĸǼһĻг𺧡ЩǸոռħĸ֣ûп֣һ֣ʲô˼ûˡ
Ϋݾ⵽Ӫ֮ڶʱҳһƬ
ҲϾǺ֮ϣ˿ûгûΫݾ˼
ûãǾӪ֮Уӿһֻҵ
ǸװŪħ棿ǺôĹȻΫݾҰǻˡ
ʮĹ֮£һһƥɫĿ࣬ɢһɰԵϢĴֳսꪣһָȵ
ָһһöʯͬһ󽫵Դ֮ϣ󽫵Դ飬Ȼͬӵһ㣬һתĴԴȥĽԴһ飬һǰ¡
һֱӱŵôϵ˵ϣһΧʬ壬Ż֮
ǮЩͬĿһۣг𺧣ǿħ̫ǿˣֱǿ˾
Ǵʦĸ֣ǧΧɱҲֻǴ֮ϣһֻ§Ǯһָͽʮɱֱš
Ƴһ۵
ĵɥشĵԸԸΪЧ
һĿĴ󺺱ӵɨһۣųֵǣһϣΪ˧𣡣
ɱ
Ϊ˧𣡡

һֻɢű뺷ѪϢǾ֮м۶׺ޱȵɱֱӷ˳档

Ϋݵĺ

Щָǿǧһɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫЩֵָĿǣһǧΧɱЩָ׾پͻᱻֱӼ̤ࡣ
ָһһöʯʮֹǧ֮дһƬѪ
һ֮䣬ǧʮֹıһöʯȫᴩһ߾ʬ壬ڵϣ

ЩΫݾʿǿǧͬһ㱻һɫ԰ףе׷׵˵ϡ
Ͷ
Ͷˣ

ΫݾһΫݱС
һΫݣֱӹ£ǻƵۣΪ۹ճΫ֮ԱԼħ֮еֱָ֣Ǵ۹֮гˣΪ۹ĹԱ
𾪣Ǵܵ۹ʱʮõ۹컢Ӻͳ˧ʮΫݷ
ޭݴܵ۹Ӫ֮ڣźӺԼ󽫡
Ӻƻܳħ浽ʲôˣ˭֪
Ƶ֮ǰǴܵ۹û̫Ͼһܵ۹ٷС


816 ħ죨ϣ
˵֮ħڳɽɽһͬ䵽磬ͣΪ춯أһ־ͽɽ֮еָͨͨʦյձնɱ޹⽣޽򻨹Ϊצħ
ħħΪĴ޽Ϊá֮ǰҰı¶նɱΫƽΫݾȻΫݳƵۡһĹٻ
һ¶һ˿֮ɫǴΫݲǴܵ۹ʮ֮еݣ˿ϡ٣Դƶ񤡣ΫݾҲҴܵ۹һֻӡΫһ֮ؿҴܵ۹ʮݣǲ޴͸
ٽҲ¶һ˿֮ͬɫ
սԵĽǶռΫݳƵۣ޴֮ߡһƵۣǱضǴܵ۹Ի᲻ϧһд۴ݻٵ
һһĨ֮ɫ˵ħһ֮ɱΫݾǧһΫݾǿߺܲöԸ
һЦһöʯӸɱǧǾǿ֮ʡΫݾʲôɫѵħնɱһٶͰЩСɱĵɥֱӱˡ
һӪ֮ЩǶ׷׵ͷͬһаٵǿߣǶ˵Щʦָ֣֮ȷʵһаٵĿֲʵ
ӺһĨâص½ּ⣬߾֮еڻʥҲ
һĴһ˷һЦڻȻˣôǸħˣ
ڻǴܵ۹߾Ϊһֻӡڱ߾֮ͥеľɱսһֻηѪ
ͨʴﵽһ֮󣬾ͻбĿܡǺڻʸߴȻԱ֤ΪֲʿǾͨ
˧һǰǵɽ𺣣ǺڻҲԥȥҲֻѪӣܹӲĥʥǿߡ
һҲ˷һЦڻһЩСǿ϶ֻ·һˡ
һһǵڻһЩСսȻһħʵǿԳ֣ɱҵȣǸηħ֮Укüʦĸ֣սУɴɱȴһһĸ֣
ñ߳Ĵ󽫼ǧʿܹʦĸΧɱǴʦĸ֣΢һ´֮̿ȫҹժһ󽫵׼
Ӻ΢΢һЦõģλ뿴˭
ֻһ̷Ŀ࣬ϱһѺ񱳴󵶣˰òӢ·һһƥӻ̤Ӫ֮ڡ
ʥˣ
ǵʥˣ
ʥˣ

ڳ֮еĴһӣжһĨη֮ɫ׷ӹһ
ӾֵָĶ㣬ߴʥ֮һʥͨ
ʥͨǴԭ֮ϿʱһǧɱֱͥɺĻŭεһ֮ӲĽһǧͳͳնɱԷ˰Ŀֲս춨˵ʥ
гǿߣһ֮նɱһǧʵǿװݵĽǵʥͨΪǴܵ۹б߾ż
ͨȻǺӺƵԱ£һЦλõģħӪ֮дɱҶȻὫնڵ£
еʥڣħǸԽ޻أ
еʥڣǱɰǣ

Ӫ֮У֮ȫ֣еĽ춼ġ
۹ʵħݵЩ棬ͶҴ۹Ļʵ۱£
Ȼ֮䣬һӪ֮ڻصĳÿһ˵Ķߣͬÿһ˵Ķ˵һ㣬ޱȡ
ͨһĨ֮ɫǴʦ֡ħֶβȻܹô̵ʱ֮ڣ۷ĸ֡
ӺһЦߣһȥǸħ浽ʲô£
ǺӺƵ֮£ʮɵĴӾӪ֮߳ǾӪ֮гơ
ǹꡢ֣Ǵܵ۹ʮμһ緶
һߣǴ۹һʮŮ̧ݻޱȵĴǴ֮ϣӵұֱ§򻨹Լ򻨹ʮ֮ޱޱ󣬸ǧġ
ǧġӣΫݾսʿǧЩǶսָͨ֡
ºǰվˣһ޹⽣޽һħ
ħΪ˻飬µõ˳֣Ҳ׳Ϊ˴ʦĸ֡
һȺں֮ڣ
ӺƴڽԶԶĿ˴۹ġӡһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ĵһǧں֮ڣҲЦг֮ɫ
ǧֻġЩֻҪ˶ҽг棬һٴǧ
˧ֻҪǧڻܹǸɵҵȷ棡
˧ֻҪһǧڻܹеǡҪһժҵԴҵȷ档

ǺڻĽһ˫۷⣬˷ޱȣȿֺĴеظ֤ŵ
Ĵ۹Ѿĵйһ佫˵׹ȫһ죬壬ٻ֮
һĨ֮ɫһЦһȺǸףԵǶôֲĹ
Ҳ΢΢һЦĿǺڻĽȿֺǰλá
ӺһĨâȵۡ
һŶ˺ۣɢһɱ뺷ϢӲǰڣ
ӺƳһһָһڻǸȫߣ
ɨһһۣ¶һ˷ܵЦݣ³ޱȵǣ˧ӱ֤ȫ飬Ҫ©һ˧ժҵԴߣ
ֵǣҳ壡
һŭ֮Уǻ۲һսѪڻһֱӳ
ڣضΪ֮
һڻףֳǹɢѪЦݣͬһͷͷײޱȵޡ
Ǵ۹һǧһڻĳ棬ʱɫ䣬ʶֲ֮Ϋݾ֮⣬Ĵ󲿷ûмʶֶָɫ䣬ˡ
ʮ۹һתֱܡ
þϧң
濴ɱڵһڻһЦָһʮöʯȻͬһ㣬ûһڻ֮С


817 ħ죨£
һƬѪɫ˲һڻ֮֮УһڻһԴըѿս֮ϵ䡣
֮䣬һڻȫûһ
һƥڻսһۣһƥڻսͬ˾һĴڣһޱȣʮֹ˳ܵ˴۹ǧԱߣγһ޴Ⱥ
ʮմ˺ڻѪʯȻһ䣬һºǼʮӵĴ۹Դ֮ϣǼʮӵĴ۹˲ɱ
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Ǵܵ۹дľһĻ˻һëȻĺ⡣
սϱݲг˿־塣
ħһĻ˷ܣǿ־壬ңܿΣֶζ̫ˣ
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ӺɫʮѿңЩǷ׷װͷƿҺӡ
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һööʯӴĺ֮һûǴܵ۹ľ棬ɲ֮䣬Ѫɡ
֮Ǵܵ۹ľɾһ±򾫱ͬʮһͬɱ
ǺӺԭվԱߣʮ׺ޱȵĴ󽫹ڵϣԼսѵѪҺ岻ɪɪ
Ǵͳ˧ӺҲڵϣ˫ָ߾٣ܣг˿־壬һȻ૵ˣȫˣ
֮䣬򾫱ȫһ߾ʬ壬ӺƼֱԼ۾
ˣȫˣ
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ǿħ棡ǵĻʵ۱£
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浭ħ޽ȥɨսɣ
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ɽһ̤Ǹ֮ͨС
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һǻƽ֮ӿҵĹأҲ֪ħ۳𣿡
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һܣȻҲϷŪңȥ
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818 
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Ȼ֮䣬һϢ˫֮΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺¶βˣʵӦ溣
ܵ۹ķ˹УһĴڣ㶼ֻڴܵ۹Ŀֲǿ߲ĴС
Դܵ۹֣Ϊ˽ڴܵ۹ƳټȻԼս̽Էʵ
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֮Уʿܹõֻǿᳬ֮Ҳλ֮ͨõԪ֮Ҳ޷⡣
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ʮʿ˵һ޴Ŀ溣ܵҲꡣ顢ѪЩ˵ʵǲ̫ԶĳѪʿѾȫѪз棬Ȼͻʮޡ
ܼԽϵͣʿʥʿʿʵۼĿֲǿʵһ춯أԪȴһЩ溣ܶȲϡ
Ȼܹʮֱ꣬Щš
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819 ƻʹ
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ħǿһʮһһʮ칥˶ʮݣҵĿֲڡ
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ġħͫâҫһһȷĽڵ㣬Թͷȥ
ʮ֮䣬һԻ͵Ĺǰ
һԻ͵Ĺ֮Уһòһɫʿ۵ӡ
ɫʿ۵Ŀһ΢Цʿ
浭ûԲ֮λʿ𣿡
ȻһЦְ֪ˡǴһɢʿ֮ۡ
ʿ־һЩʿͨ˵֣Ե˽иаޱȵ䡣ʿϲԼԸгƺ
ЦǴսħڵ̫֮Ҳħ棡ۣ֮Һܺ棬ôܹʮ꣡
֮âһ΢Цÿ˶ԼܣҲ⡣׵˿ɲϲ
浭磬Һϲֲñ֪ۣ֮˵֮£ʲôѡ񣿡
֮ƽ޲ʿ·Ȼնݳ֪ߣƿ硣
涢֮۵ҸѡһǵҵĲ£һȫڶѡһ
ѡնɱ
֮ۺȻһЦһɿޱȵӵk֮kһµһֻ۾ÿһֻ۾ŹޱȵĹâǿŵk֮


821 ۼرƬ
һɲ֮䣬֮۱һͨˣ仯Ϊһӵ˺գɽĿֲ飬ɢŷ˵Ϣһȥ
֮۶ĲѾﵽһΪֲĵزеľһ֮Уһ˿Ҳûй¶
һƼѸײڶ֮һº֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УƬޱȵһ±ķѣȫ
޳ǻʹϷһǧ׵ĵطȻ̮ռ俪ѣ飬ͬһſʯһ׹˵֮ϡ
ǿռ֮Уһһ·ɳݺݵ׹˵ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǴֱӱһ޴ĶѨʯ˷ɽȥ
ɫʿۣɰ㣬ޱȵۣ֮ǶѨ֮зɳ̤նУĸŴء
֮λʿֹλ棬k˽λ汾Դ־ĸֹܹ溣ܽ룬ͬһȼ͵ͨλ档֮Ѿʮ꣬ȻҲһķ
Ľǿ֮Ǵɫʿۣϳһֻֻ۾ɢſֲڸеۣ֮г𺧣Ǹ񻰴˵֮е𣡣
׷㿴֮еۣ֮г𺧣Ǿ𣡾ȻĴڣ
𣡡
Ǿ𣡣

֮溣ܼĿֲڣʮֹ죬ط֮λȫͬkĴڸȻǿޱȣԶԶԽ溣ܣȥκ磬ȻǿޱȣλʳĿֲڡ
֮һԼǹɳףǿƥĴڸбҲ޷ءһۿףkΨһܹƥе
Ľǿӿһ˿壺ǸȻôղűɵˣħ棡ħˣô죿
Щոճ治õĽͳһǰȻվ֮е־£ڴ淴Ϊʤܡ
Ǳմɱץȥɽǳ֮еٿԼŮӣг˸ӵζ
֮ǰɽϣɱ۰ŮҪŮˣһӣó裬ǳطĴڣôҾܹԶ֮ǰĳɾ͡˸пܻóгӵĸ顣
ӣĶ汻ɵķ֮д˵ġʮֵ汻ɵһԴϻó֮
㣬ֻʵ̫ˣ
ͬʯ׹ģ۾³һѪ֮ϸֳһӡǻ粻طһתܵƶȫָ
֮һĨ֮ɫЩܻغôܣط֮λȫͬôָܻô죿
֮˿ûпסԼ֮䣬·һըѣԲ֮ڣյĶ䶼ըѵѪһЩʵߣֱը
ħϡ֮һŭ𣬾ܹ޳ͨͨըһ
ǿ񻰼ǿ̫ˣ
Ľǿ׷ֶָ˫Ѫͷʹж𺧣Ķ֮е֮ۡ
һ𣬾ܹɱʮָ֣֮־ѾԶԶĽǿǵ
ܼ򵥣֮ʵ̫ˣбϵĲͬ
浭һЦ̤һһģ֮۵Ϸ磬һ̩ɽѹ֮ƣ֮ѹȥ
֮۾˫ųɫĺ⣬߾ȫһ
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֮۱һƺУһ·һ춯صľ죬֮һֻֻޱȵ۾ըѿѪɽ׹䵽˵ϣһ춯صľ֮
ĽǿĿɿڴɱˣkɱˣ
׷ҲĿɿڴǿ֮еͷɱˣ̫ˣ
ɽǰȻվ֮е棬૵ħ棬ħ̫ǿˣܸˣ޻˵
ƽĶۣɽʩϲûʲôʧܵ۹Ҳþħܵ۹֮иʲôˡ棬Ҳֻܹϵù
ʮ꣬С磬Өòľ׵Ĵܵ۹ʮ˪ĿԱߵĽһۣһĨ֮ɫħ棬ĺǿɶΪʲôеǽ㣬ң
˪ȻСȴΪնڰĻʹ֮ڣԶͨ˼ҵĺҪöࡣ֮УѾƲ⵽ҪǿطڸӣŶԼĽ˼ʡ
浭ˣᣬط仯ٴ溣ܱϾ溣ܣô򵥾ۣ֮װˣһжûá
֮һ·һŭ֮ҵģ̫֮㾹ȻұƵزôǾͬھɣ
ǡ㷨ȻһһΣԤӿͷһĨ֮ɫһ¸ֳĻ׵ӰһޱȵĻò˷

֮һȡһسʮҵİɫ⣬ǰɫкͨ񣬿öͫȥͿԿǰɫĵ֮ϣޱȵӡɢһ覣̺һ˿ۼرϢ
֮˫۳죬ŭһ¼ǵۼرĲкܡ
ǰɫĵâһһµӡڵ֣֮ÿֳһӡ֮۵Ϣһ֣øɱ
֮֮۾Ѿһ߸ʬ

֮һָȵ
ǵۼرĲкӭһնһɫϸһռ䶼նһ޴ѷ졣
һʮʮ׵ľ޴ƾն֣Ǿ޴֮еһжͳͳûκκۼ
֮۴ڴһԣĴһʮҲ֪Ҫĵطָã
ǵۼȻǿȻĵۼԶԶ磬ȷʵѵһر溣ܹܵǵۼк׼㵽ô
һƽޱȵ֮۵ıȻ
֮һе㣬㲻Ǳɱǡն񵶡֮£һնУҲŷնɱôܻţ
浭Ϊնѡն񵶡
֮۶ʱֵķԼȫܿƣǡն񵶡ֱӶǰ


822 ֮
ǡն񵶡ƬһĨ֮̾ɫǵۼرϧֻһƬۼرĲƬŪֵ𣿡
֮۲ǣˡն񵶡
һ͸˿ߴĻ֮۵ڣ֮һججʵ֮䣬ȫ޷ƿԼ塣
ħзֱӵʲôۼرĲƬ
֮۵ǡն񵶡Ƭ籾һλ棬ȼʮλԲӵо޴ĽǱһ֪ʿʵۼǿ߳ȡλ汾Դ־ǵۼرն񵶡Ż˹졣
ʿ˴ʿʵλ棬λ档λ֮УͬһЩʿʵۼǿߡkʷĺڰ֮УӡԼȴųʱ١
ֻ߲ܹ㲻ϣ޵еһ˽Ϊô֮Уλ棬kƿ֮С޵еİ˴ʿʵۣߵУҲͬһ
浭ʿʵۼǿߣôֱʣȻȡһλ籾ԴԼرȻǸʿʵۼǿһǳ⣬Ҳֲǵ
֮۵⡾ն񵶡Ѿû˵ӡȻѾ䡣ʱⱻʿʵۼǿŤȥ꣬Ѿȥǧꡣʿʵǿߵһвöʱĥܹ⡾ն񵶡Ƭ
ǡն񵶡һĨϧ֮ɫϧǲԼԶĵۼر㽫kȫ޸Ҳܹӳǵۼر߳ɵ
ۼرÿһӵԣͬʱӵо춯صܡԼƶɵĵۼرӳʼʹԼӡܹٷ֮ٷӳǵۼرǻصľܡ򣬾ʿʵۼǿߣ˴ĵۼرҲܹӳǵۼرİ˳
˴ʿʵ۳˳֮⣬ӵԼһִרۼرǵkϾľ󻯵塣ֳԼרۼرߴʿʵۣ޵Уɨµ޵лʵۡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ҲúøԶֻҪܹһĵۼرն񵶡Ҿֶһŵơ
һĵۼرԳΪѹһʿĵ̡֮໥ţκһ̲ʿΪĴӵеۼرΪ̣ѹˡ
ĴʿһƴʿۼرܣܹնɱʿشʥʿǿߡΪˣǲ֮λȻܵ죬ȴȻʿ£һΪʿǿߵ壬һҲĴʿȷʵʵǿޱȡ
֮Աʮ֮һݣΪҪѹλ棬ǿ߷ֲΪ㷺Ҵʮ֮طȨգʵ˼󲿷֡ټϼҷѣŲòĲɽЭ
һĨâۣ֮㲻ͨ溣ʿôӵмʮ
֮۵λһ֮⡿ǵ֮лùš֮⡿ӵ˼ʮ
һºüһĨ˷֮ɫ֮⡿ǸԴЧ֮⡿
ÿһֶӵԪʡ֮⣬ÿһӵвͬǿءҫǿص㷽ʿʡǡ֮⡿ǿʿ֮
˴ʿʵ֮УҲֻʱ֮֮չ֮⡿һ
֮֮ǡ֮⡿һ㲻֪١
һĨ˷ޱȵĹâ㹻ԴһһһöӡʱŤ֮УԴʮܹһö
ǡ֮⡿ĹʵܹԴԴϵջᱻһΪ˼Ŀֲ硣ҲϷǡ֮⡿Լ̲ıԴǡ֮⡿˵ǡն񵶡ҪҪ֡
һĨ֮ɫȥǡ֮⡿ڵĵط
ǡ֮⡿ڵλãʿʵۼǿ߽һӡŷӡסֻмѷӡ֮Կܹӡڡҡħ˵һѷӡ֮Կǰѷӡ֮Կ
ָ֮һţһöɫԿȻ֣ޱȵĹâ
һץ㽫ǰɫԿץУ˳֮Уʹߣӡȫǿƻһǡ֮⡿пܴӡߡĿǰʵҪ£ʵ
Ǵʱľ䣬Щûսһͨ˽ӽkǣҲܹӵkǵժ¹ʵǵkͬӵԺǿޱȵǴʥǿߣͨʥʿҪkסܡ
âô˵Ҫ롾ն񵶡߻֮⡿Ҫɵħۡ
ôͱؽ췢һУ򣬵kǿɲϵﲻǲ֮λ棡ĻףŤ˵ļ䣡
Ļ׵ӰȻ֣֮һֻֻ۾ſһĻòȻŷԲǧ֮ϯȥ
ײеħ棬ȻΪʵ۱ʹݻʹ
̫ײˣȻһ֮ݻܵ۹

ЩĻײϯĵطз˵ļ䶼ŤЩǵļ䶼Ťòӡ
ۣ֮ңԼѡһɣ
Ļ׹âһ֮һ±ָ˲־
֮Ŀ˸һᣬԸ⳼ˣ
һЦ꣬ӡ
֮ͬϼ޻ļһʱŷˡǲӡkʮа˾Żʱѡ
֮۶ʱһ³ĬɢһޱȵϢ
浭ҵ溣ܲʮˡ֮ҲԳȫ㡣溣֮˺ʬҲǶϡ
ˣϣ
֮΢΢һ̾һӰȻ֮и֡
ָһӡȻɳӡӡ֮зɳ֮۵Ӱ֮ڣ֮۵ӡ
ӡһʧ֮۾͸ӦԼһµӡʱһݣֶΣ


823 
ܵ۹ʹݻ֮󣬴ܻʵ´ʥּǴܵ۹дݿЩдݿĴ۹Ͷ
ЩݿҲ֪ȥʥּ۹Ͷ
۹ʱȡܵ۹Ϊ۹֮һ
ã۹ʵħӭȢܵ۹ʵɽ֮ŮӣΪϢһ´۹
Щܵ۹ľɳϢ֮󣬶ࡣ
۹Ͼ̫ǳչ̫Ѹ١۹󲿷ֵĹԱǴܵ۹ĹԱֻڴ۹࣬вֳħĹԱ
ӭȢӣΪԼİǴܵ۹ľɳǲĻ̡̻ͬʱҲܹøͨ
ӭȢӣ֮󣬱ͳ˧ǲԭ֮еĽͥɱȥ
ǸϢһ֮ͥУͥ˻֮С
ԭǽֻͥҪǽͥԸ⣬ڼ̵ʱ֮ڣԱʮ
ʮԭ֮ϣҰս޵еĴڡ˽ͥԴһֱǴսԽ̬ơ
ǽ֮ͥڣɺ಩ͥλ֮ϡ
ǳ಩·Žͥس󽫣ǽ֮ͥڣһɽš־ЩϢ
಩ǵˣѾȷϡ۹ʵħͳ˧Ѿ˲ԭѾʮ䱻Ǵݻ١ǲħλʲôõ뷨Ծᡣ
ǽͥѻȸžһƬûһ˿ڡЩһ಩ĿӴֱƿг˿־֮ɫ
֮ǰܵ۹ͥԻᱻȿֺĽͥЩȴûһվһս
һ˴ݻܵ۹ʹϢѾ˽֮ͥڡǽͥ̽Ǳܵ۹̽Ӷͬ鱨ǽͥسҲȫšðŰ
Ǻǲǰػͳ˧Ĵȴһ֮ھͱȫɱǸϢһؽͥ˶һ³Ĭ
ǶԸܵ۹ľ񣬽ͥӵֶΡǶһоͿɱ棬˶ûκΰ취ûһԸȥ
ҿ԰ǣ
ʱһȻӪ֮Ʈ۾һӪʵһˡ
һͻأĳӪģ˵Ŀⶼһ˲䱻·ġ
಩һĨâʲôˣ
𣡡
֮۵˵һ䣬һ˿˿˰ħĿֲѹ
𣡣֮ħ𣡣
𣡣
ѹȷʵӦħ𣡣

һޱȵĿһ¼֮۵ϳ˾η񻰴˵֮еľǿߣҲȫӵһһĿֲʵԭ֮ǿΪȻ֮۸ӵľη
಩һĨη֮ɫԽԭΰ𣬲֪ٴ˵أкιɣ
֮۵ǰħģ಩ȻһɺӦкħķȥħ𣬸k˵ҰħСҪħ棬κһǵkĶֻ֣֣ܹѹk
ʲôˣ
ô£ôˣ
һʮĹ֡ͻأֵĹ֣Ӧþħ֣µĺۼ

ǽ֮ͥеĹһг𺧣۷׷ףŲ˼֮ɫ
ħһ񻰴˵֮е񣬵kʮǰΪ缤սݣѣ޹⡣дֲڵսۼ
񻰴˵֮ǿ֮һȻվ˵ǰ̹ϰܸǸոħ棬ȻЩͥĹг𺳡
ǣ𣡡
ǳ಩ޱȵӦһӻȡһĿ࣬һа
಩һָ󣬴Ѫûа֮ڡ
а˴Ѫ֮һſ˫ĿһŤдӵk˫֮գֳһؼĺڰͨ
ۣ֮ϲĶңΪľˡҪҰ򿪷ӡ֮𣿡
Ǻڰ֮ͨдһԼԼħɭɭֲŮĹ
֮۵أһ֮λʿٵ硣kǶ溣ǿߣһʿkкüʥرҰܸ
ЦܸǻҸʲôҵʵ࣬ǸһȻ޷սʤĶ֣ôҲĶ֡
֮һĨ֮ɫһ˲Ķ֣֣ͿԽѹϣͬһܣǲʿʵ۵ʬ䡣ܹõܣʥʿҲǲܣ
溣ǿ֮һǼʮ꣬һΪ֮ǰۼرƬײɵ֮ˣһҲΪѰһʿʵ۵ʬλá
ÿһʿʵڶٳһǿޱȵ磬һ缫ΪǿӵԴʮλѷһ޷ʿʵۼĴڡ
ÿһʿʵۼڵ磬ͬǿԵʥʿĶλ棬ӵԴǿޱȵħܡ
κһ溣ܼǿߣܹһʿʵ۵ʬ֧Ǹʿʵʬ֮ڵĴ磬ʿȫ⣬ͬʱмĿܺķ׳Ϊʥʿ
һʿʵ۵ʬǴʥĶʿУƳһĵۼر
ȻˣôҾͺһȥ˵ͷ
һɫħҫŤ֮ͨУһ·ɳһףòӢޱȣӡ˴һаӡ
ħ𣡡
಩һӣ㹧ڵϣһݡ
ħ𣡡
ڳнͥĹǶڵϣһݣ
ħǽ֮ͥ˵ЩǶħĴ˵󡣶ħֵķʽ˵Ĺ쳬ȻЩǾηѡ
ĵ߰ɣȥ
಩̧ͷ΢΢ħˣħѾɱԭħ±ӻǡǿϵͽ
һĶҲҶҪǲ
һĨ֮ɫָһһ˲˳಩ͷ­֮ϣ಩ͷ­ֱӺ䱬֮˲˽ͥ
ЩͥĹǼһĻɫ䣬ɪɪҶ˵һ仰಩³ҲףħУǾϣͿɱûһ˿λ


824 
κȻһģǽ֮ͥʧ
֮Ҳʮͻأģǽͥʧ
֮ͥУһƬЩǿ֮ͥг಩ʬ壬һĬĹâ
ǽͥͲͳ˧Ĵ۹֡ڽͥɺͬһֻһѱŷħȺף͸û˼Ŀ档
һͥĹһʵô죿
һͥĹһЦħħԳвĿֲڣħȻˣǻܹô죿˰ɣ
ܵ۹ħ棬Ҳǻһ֣ͳδܵ۹ĻЩˣ
ûֻҪħǵڣôû⡣
һԼŵ߲ƣǽ֮ͥеĹǶ޼ɵͶˡ񻰴˵֮еħ𶼲ħĶ֣ЩͶҲûʲôϰ
һǽ֮ͥеⲮ˵ⲮգŮǽͥŮˡϷŵĴ㡢ԭ֮ϱܵҰǶΪò㵹ܹħĳ谮ǲܹ֮ء
һĿ㼯Ⲯյϣ
ǽͥһĵһˡɺ಩Ҳ˼Ⲯ˼ΰʾⲮնԼıŮʮۣװûɺ಩İʾùӹһ١
ⲮմΧһĿ֮УĸоΣպɱӦֻ¾ͻصĵڣԼɱҽĲԭūͳͳϷֵ
ⲮյϵãԸ⽫ҵŮ׸ħ棡
Χ֮ʮĿһӿһ˿ʧͼɵ
һⲮյŮħΪ˽裬ô˶Ⲯաɺ಩ΪּɵҶⲮĽͥس֡ħ桢ħħǿ߸Щ嵱˿ͻὫնɱĴЩԭǼɵѡ
ĺ򣬺۹ڲ֮ڣ󺣵ԼʮγɵƯں֮еĵ۹
ɫĹâ󺣵֮еĽ˲ȥ
ʲô
ˣȻϷɵˣ
ôܣ̤ʥҲһԾʮɣ޷֮зУʲôˣ

ǽĺ۹ʹ֮ǰЩսʿǿ̤֮նеĸĿɿڴ˿־塣
ħ𲨻ظ·ĺ۹ĽɭȻһЦħݵ۹Ļʵۣӭӣ
һ׵ĹЦ֮˲۹ʹ
ǳǽ֮ѲߵĽսʿһըѿһ˲䣬ǧսʿȫ䣬һ߾ʬ塣
ǹޱȵϵǻʹ֮Ӷȥǻʹ֮е˶˻Һ;֮Уּвڶ
֮һĮ·
֮Ѿʮ꣬ͬʱҲǧϡУ֮еľҲһĴڣɱҲɱˡ
Ҳֻڴȶ֮УŻƶϿɷͨˡΪЩͨʿǴڵĸ溣ܡʿʥʿʿʵ۶Ǵ֮ͨе
ûԼһ溣ܶһ֮ڣͨɱ֮ʯʥ֮ʯһȻԶһʿǿߣĴܵصвڲ֮λʿǵԼΪϸ
û˵С֮Уħ𲨻ͨ˵˿溣Ҳ١
۹ʵ۴޺㣬ǰμħˣħ飬Ҳ
һۣʮֻ֮£ߴ
ʵϴܵ۹ʵɽͥɺ಩۹ʵ۴޺˶ϧħʱҲ죬ֻܹħǰϥ
ħ𲨻һЦ޺㣬ۣͷгҾɱǺ۹ˣһ
һ˿ֲ׵ϢҲ֮۵֮ħĿֲϢ̩ͬɽһѹ·˵֮ϣ˶ѣֱӵkǶʮѡ
񻰴˵֮ħʵ񻰼ǿߣ˾
޺㿴֮еħ΢΢һ̾ȡһöͨͨӣ󣬴Ѫӿһöͨ档
һöȻ֮Уϵӣſ¶һ׵޾Ѩ
һ˿˿ֲޱȵǶѨ֮ѹǷԲ֮ڵķ˶
һǶѨ֮д֮ۡأ𣿡
ħаޱȵĹâóջûһԺħ溣ǿ߽ٵ磬֮ۡǸһϣӵСն񵶡ʬ䡣ôȤ֣ɵǼһ𣿡֮ġѾ죬ֻҪ֣ɵǸһĵԪ֮ͨġֲܹõһʿʵ۵ʬ壬ȫԽΪʿĿֲڣɱز֮λ棬ֿһʿҲ⣡
ʿǿֳֵۼرĲƬȴһƽпܽƷһµʿ
ãҼǣ
һɫӰǶѨ֮зɳһͷϳֻǣĸߴòףȥֻʮǰ
޺ĿһۣһĨ֮ɫǾۣᣡȻǳ
λôң
һƽȻһԴ΢΢Ť֮л˳ЦЦĿħǿߡ
ħ棡
ħǿ߶ʱɫ䣬ȻˣһɵĿ档
ħĿһ֮۵Ϻۣ֮㱳ǣ
֮վһԣһĮΪ죬ǻǶ˰ɣ
ҪͶƾǣ
ħһЦһһزƵġն񵶡ƬʱУһ˿˿ǲƬ֮
һץһʣµһСصġն񵶡ƬҲ˵kС
ħ۶ս溣ܣÿһӵмΪḻս顣֮ѾѣkǱܵĸо
˫ĴЦÿķӦϧǶһȻĻӵеۼرĲƬҪʰǻҪСĴۡѡն񵶡ƬеԿ׶ɣ
ħһ͸˿Ȼħǿ߶ʱɼһĽǡն񵶡ƬԼöԿֱ涪ȥ


825 ֮
֮ۿǺֵĻףһĨ֮ɫرλڻ֮۵Ŀֲر
溣ǿߣͨطҪܵkףҪɱkǺѣҪûƵkǸϼѡ
Ļ׾Ȼܹ֮ۡħǿ߿סֱ졣
һУ㽫öԿץУķӡ֮ڣȻһ󣬽ǡն񵶡һָһһ׹ǡն񵶡ֱӱһγһȱС
һĨϧ֮ɫϧܹı޸ڲˣȴû޸ļۼرҪλ汾Դܹ֮ȫ޸
ǵۼرףÿһۼرӵо춯صҼӲޱȡһǵۼرȫͣʿʵۼĿֲڣǵۼرˣʥĿֲڶ޷ݻһۼر
һһۼرشôһۼرҪָͻἫΪѡǡն񵶡ӲĴϳɺüأԼشʿʵۼĿֲڣҲֻܹȡһλıԴ֮Ϊkơ
潫ǡն񵶡ķӡһ֮ڣЦЦĿ溣Цħۣǳң
ħһЦҪҳ㣬ʥʿ˵
ȥɣ
һħǰһָħü֮ڣһڣħ溣֮˱ֱӷɳС
ħһ·û뵽澹Ȼԥͽһ溣ɱҪ֪һ溣ǲ֮λ澳ߵĸ֣κһ溣ܵͶܹһʵ
ۼһĻʮֹϵԸΪЧ
ſ꣡
һҧһӰȻ֡
ָһӡȻ֣ɫӡͬˮһӰ֮ڣӰ֮һޱȵӡ
浭ȥ֮ķӡ֮أ
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һΣԶȥ
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޺㿴ȥıӰ΢΢һ̾·һ²˼ʮꡣ
񻰴˵֮Ǻճħ澹Ȼһûзͱ޺㱾ͶԿħĴ۹ûκģڸȫˡ
֮֮з˺һһͷ˴ûһ󺣵ĺ֮ڡ
Ǵ󺣵ĺ֮ſԽһеĿֲ»ʿǿһǴ󺣵ĺ֮ڣҲᱻǴ󺣺֮ʳƬ
˶溣ܣǱޱȵ˾ųɾϵħܣдȻֲޱȡ
Ǵ󺣵ĺ֮޷˺˷ֺ
Ǻ·ǱУԼǱһͭɫĴȻ֣һеǰ
һͭɫĴӡ۶γɣǿ˼㣬ʵ֮䣬ɢһɻΰ׵ĿֲϢ
涢һͭɫĴţһĨ֮̾ɫʿʵۼǿߣǸıԴ֮
ǿʱʿʵۼǿҲд漸꣬һʱ䲻ϵ˥ձȫĥ
һʿʵۼǿʩչطԼΪӣλıԴΪԴȪһӡ֮ţȻȥ˲֪꣬һͭȻǿޱȡ
ʥʿҲԻһͭţϾһͭŵı硣ֻͬΪʿʵۼǿߣܹԾԵһͭš
ָһţöԿֱӲ֮ͭϡ
꣡꣡
һϴ̶Ŀͭд˳һӿȵ֮֮ͭ
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ʱţ֮λһȥ֮Уǹȥһǧꡣ
һ֮ڣ滺˫ۣѾǸħĻҳһ˿溣۷ĿֲϢ֮л
üͷ΢΢һһĨɫԴˣȥһ꣬Դᱻһա
Щ굽ԴҪĵԴһ֡
ӣܡޱǮȡټȶţİ֮£ڴʿֲС磬һżĿֲڣǵҲΪ޴Զͨʿ
ֻ֮£ֻȥһǧ꣬һ·ѹεԴѾĵ߰˰ˡ


826 
ǧ֮УӣټȲʰ˼еȵľţѾʿ۷ֻ֮һܹΪ溣ܡ
ޱѷɫֻ࣬ʿ򻨹ʮֻ»ʿ֮
ʶʿӰǧ֮еõ쾡µ֡
ǧ֮УҲʵԼĸԼɰ壬Ϊߵľ˼ʵĻ
֮λĳһҶմ½͵ʵ֮С
Ǵ͵ʵ֮ڣ˿Ǹ
Ǵ͵ʵ֮ڻеһ䶯һȻڶ𣬴򿪣¶һԭҮµһžų塣
һӡҫڣǽưӡһ⿪kҲ˫ۣĵ棬֮һĨɱ⡣
΢΢һЦô޾ڰ֮ĸо
屻Ǳ׷ӡȴûг˯ĺڰ֮УǺڰֿ̣֮Ȼ壬ȴΪпᣬ»ʿǿߣҲѵֵֿ̡
֮һĨƽ޲ٹһ꣬Ҳıҵľ
ãɣһ£˵֮е溣ǿߵжôǿ󣡡
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Ŀ˱˿һۣ˿ţ㾹Ȼʲô
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һĨâתսħطսħ˲£һ溣۷ĿֲϢ֮л
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ն̺źڰĿֲⶼһɺȫɣ˿޷˵ɺֺ
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Ǳ˿Щ棬Ȼ˶̵ʱ֮ڣɳΪ˿ƥеĴڣʱΪ
նǧ޷ȥһɺ£֮ԽԽء
Ȼ֮䣬ǰȻ֮ͣУһ˲նǧǧһγһףޱȵĺɫ⣬ŻԵĿֲһն䡣
һĨ֮ɫһ죬ָһţɺȻһСһȦʱʮ
һɫĽһնɺ֮ϣһѵն䣬ӲĽɺնأսħնѣ¶һɼǵơ
ˣ
ǺɫĽ֮Уʮֹ˲Ƴ֣һɭޱȵɱü֮дȥ
ˣܵ㣡
Ȼ¶һЦݣ֮ͨȡھŸС˲䱬һǻȭ˰ĸ֮ϡ
һѪǰ帹ըѿͬһԶȥ
Ȼս֮УΧ֮ƣ·һ𲻰ܵһ㣬Ű塣
һӿڰѸٵ޸Ƶ塣
΢΢һΣʱʮӰͬʱһģͷϣһȥ
ûõģ
һЦһȭǰĶʹ֮ϣǾŸС˲佫Ƕʹ֮÷飬˳ƺ˰ϡ
һһѪ׹˴֮ϣһ޴ĶѨ
һ̤˰ǰһָ˰ü֮ϣɫӡͬˮһӿ밢֮ڣȫѹӡ
΢΢һЦ֮ԼӦóΪҵĲ˰ɣ
ǣϣ
֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾һӰȻ֡
һָӡȻɳӡһû˰Ӱ֮ڣӰ֮ڣӡԼӡ
˰ϵӡЩŰʵ壬ڵʵǵΧ˵ʿ˭ǿ˭
ǵΧʿ˵ʿǼ˵ʿʵ൱


827 ǳŮ
΢΢һݣ˵ʿʵ൱ʿǿ߹Ȼǿÿ£
޵طǽ֮ĵۼر粻壬ڿٳ˾ŸС磬ÿһС綼ķԴ֮ʮöʵǿԼ壬Ȼֻһ˵ʿʵ൱ʿǿʵֲ֮ɼһߡ
֦մ½һĹ֮ڣһɳ֮ϡǴһְҵװ޶ޱȵ˿һļ㱨
һ֮ڣЩ½֮лõԴԴʮϡҵȻǱˮнԼʿǿģʡط֮⣬Դˡ
ָڷ֮ᵯüͷ΢΢һ壬˳
ĸУЩ֮гԴȫ㹻衣֮λʱΪ1000:1һǧֻһҪĴԴӣټţȻֲޱȣȻ渻ޱȣȻԳܡ
һĨ⣺֮λ󲿷ֵᶯֻȥѰҺڻʵıˡϣǸصԴҪʧ
һâҫ̴ǹâ֣֮ǰ
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ֱ̻Ҫڻʱأ
ЦЦĿһ۵ϵ˵ұȺڻʱظмֵ𣿡
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΢΢һЦһһƽƽ̷ȥ
һǸУ֮бų޾ĹâһޱȵϢƬص
ϸһ΢΢ʧѵǴ˵֮е֮⡿
Цû⡾֮⡿⣬ͿһͻƿΪ溣ܣڴ֮УҲһִĿܡ
ӵз˵ѪѾʿ۷֮ϧȴҲһ㱻޷
һö֮⡿ԿͻƿΪ溣ܡ
лϣǺڻʱصϡ
֮һĨ֮ɫһ㣬һȻɳƽƽȥ
һָǸ֮ϣǸŶʱʧһϢûԺ֮ڡ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ֲûȥѰǺڻʱأԭǺڻʵıλڵ磡
֮λĵԶʱҲǲ֮λһ֡ǹʱ֮λԶҪöࡣ
Ϊ˿֧أǿޱȵĹʱ֮౦ʥһʿʵۼֲڵʬΪģһƬɹзס磬ǸǵĳΡ
ǰ˴ʿʳʱÿһʿʵ۶Ͷ˴Դ磬ǵΪʿĵﱤ
ǵڶʿʵ۽֮һö˵֮ǵ㿪ʼڲ֮λ֮ϣϵţ֮λط˵֮ڡ
ö֮ǵѾΪ֮λħŨһʿıء
ǵ֮УֻʿڣĴ嶼ʿūʵ塢ʿκûӻôȴkǵĶֻбƽһ;
κʿһƣôЩʿͬЩ嶼ᱻֱӴݻ٣ȫһ
ǵΪʿҲıݣڲ֮λ棬ȴһڲƶȿռ֮еĹ硣
ֻЩʿǲܹ׵Ľ磬ʿҪȴʮѡȷǵλöأҪ֪ǵ統ʿʵۼĹ֣ûܹҳ
Ҳһ֮л˺ڻʱλһܣǺڻʱڵ֮УҲûκΰ취
ĹâҪ磬ͱеС
һâҫǳʳռݵġ֦մ½Եܻʳ²ɽΰǳ֮
ʱ֮֮ħ֮ǳ֮֮ħ֮ʿĿֲǿ߾ʿʳȨߡkǵѾŵʿĽŲ֮λ档
˴ʿʵ֮Уʱ֮ǳ֮˱ȽǣɱˡɱˣkǸϲύѡֻжԸˣŻԥɱ
Ȩѡǳ֮
һޱȵǹ֦մ½֮γһǳ֮š
һǳ֮ϣƮһǳ֮һǳͼʿ۵ǳʿǳǳ֮ϡ
ʮǳʿ֮Уһߣһͷٲ㳤һһ·̺ĳʻƽһһǣǹ⣬һǹ֮оŮŮ
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ǳŮȻһЦһ溣۷ĿֲϢָһ㣬һǳγһ˿ǳ˿Ȼͣһǹ֮ȥ
ǳ˿ŷƣҲǼǳ֮һżΪĹɱطһǹ֮ǹ֮ԼǳɵĴڣ̺ǿľӡ֮
ǳ˿嵶նҲ׵磬ɸտᣬᲢáǳ˿ǳ֮ĵۺУͬǿʿ
ǳ˿ǰǳ˿һֻܹ־ܡ
΢΢һЦһ㣬һ΢ͺڶȻ֣޾Ǻڶ֮ӿǳ˿һ
ǳ˿㱻΢ͺڶֱɣʧȫĥתΪ
ʮǳʿǶɫ΢΢һ䣬ǳ˿޵еķ赭дľͽǳ˿⣬ʵҲƿֲ
ǳŮһշЦЦĿ治ǲɽɽ츳ľš꣬ѾΪ溣ܣ
Լһ˿оҲɽѾʶˣ
Ҳ˿Ϊ⣬ʵʱѾӴޱȣҪһĪеĲɽڱΪ溣ܣΰѾţʿǿߣҲȫˡ
ǳŮȻһЦһӣһƣǳ֮ڵ
΢΢һЦ̤һǳŮߡ
ǳ֮΢΢һһû֦մ½
սħǳ֮
һ̤ǳʹǳ֮ڣǶλ֮ϵǳ֮һ񣬴󷽷
λ֮ϵǳ֮ЦЦĿ棬㾹ȻҼð֮Ǻôĵӣ


828 ۼ
󷽷ƽһЦѶΪ֮Цˣ
ǵۼرն񵶡һ֣ټϰ塢˿溣ǿ߼¡ʿĿֲǰ֦մ½ҲмְսԷشնɱ
ӵ㹻ǿĵ̣Ҳǳ֮ʱţ硣
ǳ֮ǡ֮ʱħ֮齫ðѹǽ֮ס㡣ݵk˵ΰĽ֮˼ͽ֮֮ʲôϵ
΢΢һ㶣뵽Ƿλ棬ý֮еһĻ֮
üͷ΢΢һ壬˳Ĭ
ǳ֮һЦʮƽǲ˵ǾˣҲֻһʱ棡ˣ棬ǰңʲô£
̹Ȼ磬ѰһԵ
ȷʵӵ౦أ󲿷ֵıضѾڽ磬û̫ĺô
ٽ֮λѾɱڣĻ۶Щ걬Щڲ֮λ֮еءڲ֮λıԴ־֮£׷׳֮󣬵ر磬һı⡣ֺαʱǰ磿ǳ֮
֮УʿΪһ·ڲ֮λһصĵطһһĶͱ⡣
පͱⶼԵ˻ãĶⶼصüһЩʥʿǿõĶǻʱƣԶƶеʥʿĶƣһŤã䶯֮СһЩߵַ㲻϶֮УƶޱȡʿʵۼǿߣҲԷ֡
һڼЩظ
һ֣һǲ뱻ɣͻ᱾ܵԼǵս
汾Դ־֮£֮е౦ضͨһֺķʽֳ
âһ΢ЦΪʿҲĻأһʮֺ棬ȥһΡĪҲʸ񣿡
ȻǣΪʿҲĻأߵѡ֮ԸǩĹԼصĹԼ֮ϼŵĹأʥʿҲ޷硣
ǳ֮΢΢һЦָһţǹ֣γһԼ飬ƽƽȥ
ӹһԼϸһ㽫Լ֮ϵһоɨС
Լ֮ϼżһǱɣûбӡ˲ʸ硣ڶʿΪԶñ¶λáһ磬ͱΪܶвʿĴͱ֣塣ʥʿϵǿʲôìܣ뿪磬ǰطս
սħڵĳڵر磬ĳʵۿ˴
սħڳ֮սħھҲû֪ǵĴڣΪǵĹԼԭ
Цû⣬⼸ԼҶܹأ
ʱ֮ΪŽеʿռͳελĹһսǽƶòǺϿ
ֻǵڲϵĽ֮˥˵Ĳ֮λرǿٱֹЩȨ˵ĴڣֻЩɫʿ콾硣
ڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڽΪ溣ܣҵ죬ռһ֦մ½ľ콾Ȼʸ硣
ǳ֮һһӣһŽɫԼƽƽķɵǰ
ӹǽɫԼ˫ۡħͫȻ֣ϸĲ鿴һᣬȷûбκֽ֮󣬱ǩԼ֡
һޱȵĽɫâҫһֻžֻ۾ĹɫʸȻ֣ǽɫԼ֮ϡ
ǹĽɫʸһ֣о״ʢܵĸоǽɫļʸӵɱĿֲ
һֻɫʸȻſһѪڣǽɫԼһ¡Ǿֻ۾һתϸĴһ£ʧ
ǳ֮΢Цǡۼʱ֮ö౦ʥʹùŵ۹ƽ׵ƵĵۼرǴʥǿߣΥ˵ĹԼҲᱻǡۼһ
ǽɫļʸʧ֮һɫƳС
һסɫƣʱԼоһء졢ǿǲ֮λͬʱڲϵƶš
һĨ֮ɫǽɫǳ̸֮
μǳ֮ٿ֮Żһǳʳռݵĸմ½ߡ
ô
ȥ֮һ֮ڣǳ֮һɳ֮ϣ΢΢һЦ
ĪǳŮҲһǹ֮Уɳһߣǳ֮ƽƽͬһޱȵĽû
ǳŮ֮ͬҫޱȵǹ⻺֮֮ۡ
ǳ֮һЦûҵռûпĻӦþʱʸʿʵ֮λ֮һ
ǳŮü΢΢һʿʵۣǵرͨųЩţ̫Զ˰ɣҹħһаλ桢ľ޳λ棬Щλ浮ţûһ򵥵Ļɫ
֮λرʿˮƽҪһءãã֮Уӵǿߣʮλ֮УͬԻơ
κһʱܹǶʿʵ۵Ķֻһλһڶѹһʱ콾ǿߡ
ǳŮȻҲΪ棬ȴҲΪܹΪµʿʵۡ
ǳ֮ЦҲֻʸʿʵ֮λ֮һˡһǺܿ
ǳŮ֮ЦҾãǺ⡢īġЩĹҪǿöࡣϣΪʿʵ۵ĹӦ
ʳ֮ÿһʳ֮֮еţ֮еĹһ֮еľǿߡ˲ǵһ֮УϣǶΪһʿʵ۵ľš
ǳ֮һ̾ҲУѧһطȫǳ䣬֮ҲֻܹΪʥǿߣʿʵۡ
ǳŮĬһᣬҲϧһ̾
ÿһʿʵ۶Կ·ִƲͬϾĿֲڡһǶʿʵ֮λڵk֮ǰûܹͬİΪʿʵۡ
ʿʵ䣬ҪͬİΪʿʵۣҲԶԿһ·ǿҪѵöࡣ
սħ棬֮
ڶ죬˽ɻʳռݵĸմ½֮
һɫĹǽɻʳռݵĸմ½֮Ľ£γһĹ֮š


829 
һ̤Ĺ⣬Ĺʱһ󵹾û˸մ½
һɫĹâҫһ׵Ĺ֮ڡ
ǹλ֮ϣһһèһʿۣףɢһ˿˿ѹľŮkǽɻʳĽ֮
ǽ֮·վŰǿߣÿһǿ߶ӵвͬѪÿһɢһǿϢ
һǹ֮ڣһӵĿ㼯ϡ
Ž֮һ̹֮лִ֮ԣұܹһֽ٣
ǽ֮ڱס棬浱ʱԵֵסʳκһʳȫһ
֮ȻһЦлң־ҪлӦлΰ
΢΢һЦָһһöָƽƽŽ֮ȥ׼һССɾ⣬Цɡ
֮ӹһöָɨһַۣһߣЦˡ
һöָ̺֮ʿǿ߶Ϊ֮ĵԴ֮ǽɻʳ֮ѹλǿʿʳȨߣܹԴԶԶԽ棬ǴָȻڵk㲻ʲô
棿ǽɻʳʮԪ˧֮һħҪս㣬ֵֵǽɻʳ֧㣡
һĿ࣬ͷϳһֻǣƵĿ󺺴ǰǿ֮߳棬ޱȵս⡣
һͷϳһԹǣĿ࣬һͷ׷òһаʵЦ棬ҪǲħһսҲΪ㡣ֻӴԺòҪǽɻʳǽɻʳϲųѣ
ʿ֮УǿΪֻʵ൱ˣܹƽƽнΪѡ
ɻʳ֮ӵѪʿЩѪʿǶǿڵľѪעԼıΪǿڵʿ
ЩѪʿһʵǿͬҲԸ꣬һԲϾͻᶯֻ֡ǿߣܹЩѪʿͬ
֮λ֮ϣЦЦĿ棬ʮֺӦԡ
΢ЦȻˣôҾдһ·
ãǾдˣ
֮΢΢һЦ˫ģһɫĹâǴ룬һâҫһԴռ䷨С;Ȼ֡
ħһΣһ·С;֮ڡkһתطʱֳһһ׵ӡȻһǴ󣬱һͷ߸ߴʮףͷϳһֻ֮ǣʨ绢Ŀֲʨħ
ʨħһܹ׵壬ִϵħ׵Ŀֲڡһͷ溣ʨħȫɱһ溣ܡ
һİħϵħףߣħӳĵû
΢΢һЦǰһһ̤Ǿ֮ڡ
ħȵ棬ʩչطȻҾͳˣ
һֲޱȵױ֮Ƭصͬڶ
΢΢һЦѾ׼ˣ
Ȼˣı£
ħһŭʩչ׵壬׵硣
ɲ֮䣬Ǿ֮ڣԲƹڶ
ɰǧ׵Ȼͬһʱ䣬˲˷Բ׵֮ΪһϵħףŻһУɱ溣Ŀֱֲȥ
ͨ溣ڵǿߣֻҪϵħһͻỤȫձϵħشֱɱ
ָ΢΢һţһźɫɹâȻ֣ϵħһץ
һϵħ˲Ϣ֮Ǻɫɹâ֮ʧ
ʲô
ķ
ÿµķ

ǽ֮µߴ溣ܼϵħױһץʧʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
һϵħħԷԲħܻ׵Ŀֲߴ溣Ҫ¶Ϊѣ赭д㽫ϵħȥʵֱƿֲ
ħ֮
ħ˫۳죬һŭ𣬻׵ӡ˲䱬߷˼ޡ
һɲ֮䣬Ǿ֮ڣԲǧħܱȡһա
ߡϵħ״˷ȥǣݻһС
ϵħÿһӵش溣ܵĿֲ
Ƿ·ĩյϵħ׺֮Уһ¸ֳһɺڹ⣬һϵħ׳ħͷϣһħͷ
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ħ˲һ׹˴֮ϣֱӺһ޴ĶѨ
һָħü֮ϣɫӡһӡӡħ֮ȫħ
ħѪһӡһɳʨħСձ仯Ϊ̬һҲȫӡҲӡ˾ųɾϡ
΢΢һƮʮڵϣ΢΢һЦħԪ˧ˣ
ħڵĴһĿһۣһĨ֮ɫʵǿӦÿԺͺ⡢īġ졢̫ǼС˵һսˣϵķӡ⿪
һ㣬ɫӡħϷɳУʧ
ħˬһЦ΢΢һΣصǰ֮УӷˣлᣬһȾƣ
ɨߴ溣һ΢ЦλɻҪд跨
һͷ׷溣΢Цˣǵʵħڲ֮䣬ܹɻܵkҲܹɻǡѡ˱㣬Ƕķڷ
溣Ҳ΢΢ͷһĨ֮ͬɫ
ʿ֮ǿΪǵڶʿʳɻʳǽ򷢻ӵ˼ޣֻǿ߲ܹѹѪʿȻλ
֮֮ǽɻʳҪԭǳ˽֮֮⣬ûܹѹɻʳ֮дʥʿ
֮֮ҲһĨ¶һޱȵЦݣɰ壡Ȥְ壬ȷʵûߵͷСһｫ˵һ˿ܣΪʿʵۼǿߡֲûõk࿴
ħ˽ɻʳ溣ܵͬǽ֮ʢ֮£ħ溣ܳһ֮ϵѡһֱڶ죬ȥ
֮λر磬һƬޱȣԲǧûɳĮ֮С
һɫĹâҫƬɳĮϿա
ɨɳĮһۣһĨâЦ˭ܹ뵽ûһ˿˼ҲʺĵطȻǵڡ
΢΢һΣʩչһ׹ɳĮ֮Уͬһ㣬ɳĮ֮ڣŵǱжȥ
ԼǱһңͳǻƽƣ΢΢һ
һɫĹâǻƽ֮зɳγһƽУֱһ̣֮̽ڡ


830 
ռ΢΢һŤ˲Ϣ֮䣬һƬޱȣӯ֮С
ǵ磬ŨħܡħܵŨȱȲ֮λرŨʮֲʿ֮еǿǶ档
Ӵޱȵ΢΢һɨ㽫ΧĻ߰˰ˣһĨʡ
ͬĻܹɵĴڲͬ͸޷9λܹǿҲֻǴ漶ĸ֡
ڲ֮λڣ൱ڲ֮λ졣ط֮λͬħܱȲ֮λǿʮֹǲ֮λľڣ֮ء
Ȼ֮һʼ֮λ汾Դ־ʼǿߣǸʱ򣬲֮λĵرͻȡ磬Ϊϵʥء
̧ͷһһĨ֮̾ɫǳУһʵ磬˲𣡡
֮У֮һſǳ̫֮λէһûκ
һ߶ħͫͿ֮һſǳ֮϶ޱȵӡγһķϵͳ
һʲô춯ƿϵͳʿűܹǳ֮춯ԴͷֱӺɱ
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һ紵ֱӻһ΢ʧ
֮һҺķ֮ϣڼװ֮ϣһֻӨ͸Ʊɹ̫һûʲôķӰˮȥ
ħǰȥսڵӣ˺һֱۣҰںС
֮۷һµħ̩ɽ뿪¿

ǷӰˮ֮УһòޱȵŮԱڽ˵һš
ڵ編չ˼ۣ෨Ѿʵû֮УһħʯһλħҶ޷һһħҵĹ൱ڵһǮҡ
ϸĿһ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ЩŴ󲿷ֶǿʿ鱨»ʿǿߵ鱨ֻضŻ֡Ȼ֮УħǿҲӵĪȨ
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»ʿħǿÿһųȥܹѹһ7µλ棬ͬʱ͵ĶرҪҲ»ʿϵǿߣĸ֮У»ϵʿżĵλ
ȻҲһЩǿħʿϲǰʥЩ֮оͻᾭЩħʿӰ
Һȱ𣿡
һ𷢱ۣĻԸУòޱȵŮʿһĨ磬ӯӯǰ£¶һ֣ޱȵЦݡ
溣֮˵ζ˷츲صĽȻԼʵͿֲޱȵȻɢһɳ׵ʡɫŮʿӵо޴
΢΢һЦһָ
һֻɷԪγɵķ羫һƿƴ򿪣ΪԸò޵Ůʿ˾ơ
þƣħưҹÿһƿħƣ۸һǧħ֮ϡζ
Ůʿ΢΢һħƣʱ֮ųһ˿˿ʣȻһЦãɫӵĽڣܸʶ㣡
΢Цãҽ棬ܸͬʶĴŮ
֮Уûһ鱨ϵͳ缸һ֪Ҳ֪ɫӵǸʲô֯
þˣôһһ𣿡
һĸߴòӢһɫʿۣԵ÷ʲףȴʮʿǷһɨһۣһĨм֮ɫ
ɨһʿһۣһ۾Ϳʿӵ»ʿΪ
ʿ֮Ͻе»ʿаȻҲʮ顣
һ»ħ»ʿѾͨʿűʵĲͬ»ʿ»ʿĶܹƽȽĴڣ಻ܺɽһ
üͷ΢΢һ壬֮һ˿˿ͷӰףԸ˭ѣҵ顣Һ֮䣬Ҳֻͨѹϵ
ӰĿһƣϣһЦ棬ɲܹͨʵĴڡ֮䣬бϵȰ㻹ʶһĺãҲһĽѵ
Ӱ׹ˣ
üһ壬һλ֮վһǸǸ档ҶһḺ
Ȼ֮䣬һȻ֮
һҳףͨʻƽɫӡɢ貹âһҾ޴󱦴߷
ƽ𴬣
ǸƽĴ
ǸƽˣȻܹƽ

Ǿ޴ķ֮кȻ˷ޱȵʿԶһһƽ𱦴¶˷ܵЦݡ
ʵƽkʲôˣ
ǻƽ֮֮ȺͿƽһʿϵĴ˭Ҳ֪kӵжߵΪ˵֮Уkӵ޾ĲƸֻҪܹǻƽ𸻹Ļƽ𴬣κԸk㣡
ŴԣЦʲôԸ㣿ʿʵۼǿ߶첻
ǿʿʵۼĿֲǿߣҲΪΪ㲻ʿʵ۵룬ҲǵkǵΨһĿꡣ
ϧӹŵ񣬳ߵʱ֮⣬콾ճһʱеǿߣѹһʱϵ£޵ҲȻ޷Ϊߡ
Щ콾ʲɫܼͣļֻܹʿʵۼĴڣ۵kǶôŬܽΪߡ
ǻƽ𸻹κ˵Ըһ;ЩЦ
ζƽ𸻹ȻȲϰ˴ʿʵۣkΪʿϵĴڣп溣ܡ˵kѾȫǵκԸ
Գ˼һᣬҲ΢΢ͷͬĹ۵㡣
һʿĿֲǿȫЩ»ʿ´ڴ󲿷ֵԸһʿӵеĲƸҲԶԶ»ʿ
ϻôʲôߣȥǴƽÿһֻѡһͣȥǿˡ
Ӱûһ䣬̤նУǻƽ𸻹󴬴ȥ
Ŀ΢΢˸Ҳֱ̤նУŻƽ𸻹󴬷ȥ
Ȥ
һЦҲֱǻƽ𸻹󴬷ȥ
ʮ֮һҷ֮еʿӷ֮Ϸɳǻƽ𸻹Χһǻƽ𸻹󴬿ȥ
һƽɫĹâҫƽ֮Ŵǻƽ𸻹֮ǰƽ֮֮ϣÿһƽŶվһޱȣʳŮӡ


831 ƽ𸻹
һɱһ󣡲˸СȻƯǱҼҵ˿ӣٰȻǲԶˣ͸ѩˡ
ɨǰŮһۣһ۾Ϳӵ»ʿǿΪԶԱһ֮¶һЦݡ
һһ£޳òĺŮʿλȻҲҼϵĹءһٸƽ𸻹򣬱ƽ𸻹ҵ˾ͿԵҼϵĻƽ𸻹󴬣ܹͨҼϵĿ飬ҼϾͻܼķΧ֮ڣһԸ
ǰŮһһööƽɫĻƽ𸻹һƽâ·¡
ҵģҵģ
𣿡

·ʿǿһĻƽ𸻹һ˫۳죬ʩչַŻƽ𸻹ץȥ֮ڶ
һƽ𸻹ͬӵһ㣬׾ٵĴһһķһʿϡ
һƽɫĹâҫǱƽ𸻹еʿԭʧ͵һƽ𸻹档
΢תһ¡㷨һ˿߲֮һöƽ𸻹֮ϡ
һöƽ𸻹һϣƽâ΢΢һԭʧһϯ֮ϡ
Χһۣ㿴ԼһĹ֮ڣǹ֮ڣǶŸָ챦ͬʱµӡ
챦֮䣬΢΢ĹȡΧħܣǹ֮еħܱñŨٱֹ
ͨʿ⹬֮һ죬ɵħܾ൱һϡ
ǹλ֮һŻƽɫۣеȣü֮ж·ЦӡȻû˵λãҲԼµпܾǴ˵֮еĻƽ𸻹
ǻƽ𸻹·һΣÿһζʹϹ辫ټ϶ƶɡϹ辫һּΪıӴϹ辫ܹʿʡ
Ϲ辫Ϲ辫Ϲ辫ΣǺôֱʣǻƽ𸻹
һ֮ϿһȭͷСϹ辫ͼֵʮħϡôϹ辫һڣҪһǧħң
ħңôϹ辫ѾǾ䣬меıֻܹﻻ֮ʯף

һ֮ϣѾһѡеʿЩʿϹ辫ƶɵΣΧĻһж¶֮ɫǻƽ𸻹ݳ𺳣۷׷ס
ӰĿڵķһɨһĨ֮ɫСôҲˣʺǿ
һۣҲ¶һ˿Ц⣺治
˫һӶһĨ˷֮ɫƽ𸻹Ȼ鴫ӵкöƱƽ𸻹ǲˣٿʮԾš
ԾԶԶʿĿƼ֮һͨԾţɵڲͬλ洩ͬʱܹͨԾŵӣбĴ
ʿ֮Уͬӵдͷλ֮·ԿԽĴװáԾţǲࡣ
Ϊķչ޾ǳ󺣣ڵǸ֮Уǳǳ֮ľԹ㣬ûǽ棬λǳͨûԾĿԽ;Ƽ޷ƿԼء
ʿעҿ󲿷ֵʿԸԼʵԼΪøǿǴͷλ֮·ԴﵽʿĿ֮󣬾ͺʿоû󣬾ûжʿⷽļ˵Ͳһء
Ծϵ֮УԾſɵĴ޾ռ䣬زٵĴڡʮȶԾŶ˵ҲʮĶԴ
һλ֮ϵһЦλҾǻƽ𸻹
ǻƽ𸻹ȴһѹ˴֮Щ
һص֮£ЩԭʵʿǶԾıð
ƽ𸻹΢΢һЦ˫ġ
һ縡֣֮УƯһֻֻѩ׾ӨޱȵĻ
һֻֻޱȵĻһĳʵһζ׵ĳƣ֮ϡ
ûãЩʿǵ֮ǰͶ˸ζʳơ
ƽ𸻹һЦã
ЩζʳƶЩʿ˵ѵһ䣬ǵʡʡЩʿûпڵǰʳ
ʳûֺ赸
ƽ𸻹˫ġ
һƽ֮ϣȻ֮һ٣ſһԼƴСʻ
ʻ֮УһֳָֻֻСˣһﶯޱȵ֮ЩСǵ֮дӵʿ顣
һ֣һ·ɡȻûκˣȻޱȵ鶼һ˿
ֻǷһ˲䣬ͻָѺ;裬΢΢һ䣺־飡һƽ𸻹ǻܡ
־Ǿķ֧֮һӵвֵĳ츳ǵȻûɱȴܹʿ飬ʿǻøϢ⵽ʿĴץ
ʿĲɱ֮£֮λ־鼸ѾֻǾķԴɶλӵһЩ־ĴڡУҲû־Ķʦ
֮УʮòޱȣһɴŮʿһ³Ǵ룬֮У衣
ʿĿⶼĶǴ룬ж¶һ˿˿̰֮ɫ
֮־顢Ůʿһһȥ
λֵʱˡһƽ𸻹һݺ£ѧŽšɫŮҲһЩ¡óԼǿıսʤҵŮôÿսʤһȼŮҾͻһӦȼԸ
Ȼܹսʤңôһһƽ𸻹󴬾Ϳ͸սʤҵˡÿ˶ֻһսĻᣬҪˡ
ƽ𸻹·ʿ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬˫һġ
һŮʿ׷״룬ЩŮʿǰһֽƬֱעŴʿǿʿ»ʿʿʿ
»ʿһʮˣʿʮˡʿˣֳǻƽ𸻹ӵеĿֲ̡
һڳʿһ˫۳죬˷֮ܺɫʿĿⶼЩŮʿϴת֮ɫЩͨʿ˵һܹΪЩŮʿˣٿٷܶһǧꡣ


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ЩдʿҲ֪֮ûһȥսǻƽ𸻹ѡսЩŮ
ǻƽ𸻹ŮȻΪŮȴΪ黭ܣսҲһһǿᡣ
Щдıսƽ𸻹ŮǴ󲿷սʧܣֻ߰ʮֽƻרսʵСŮԾѹˣջЩŮ˽
ǻƽ𸻹Ҳʳԣ⼸仰Щʤ͵СС
΢΢һЦĬĬƽ𸻹ƴ󷽺ˬʵҪлúôĳһ֮еŲСӮЩŮҲò̫Ķ
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Ӱ״ΧʿǾηĿ֮УҲĪ㡣߿һۣ¶һ
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ǻƽ𸻹֮ϵŮǽһʿ֮ڣſǻƽ𸻹󴬵Ľ硣
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һ㣬ǻƽ𸻹󴬵Ŀٴηɻ˻ƽ𸻹Уƽ𸻹ҲҪֻҪǴϵļϡʯе鱨
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ЩǶʮ𿴻ƽ𸻹дǡܹƽ𸻹ύֻͬһε溣ܡ
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ڻʵıλãȻںرԵ֮أ⻹һЦ
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ʥ񣬷ֱҵʿ֮ǿ溣ܡʿԼʥʿ
ҵ溣ڶ࣬Ǻ֮ϣǰλ溣ܡƽ𸻹
ȻԶԶȲϲ֮λر磬ԴḻޱȣûɱĲ֮λǿʮֹҴ򣬰˴ʿʳĴжԶȲ֮λرҪö࣬溣ܵͬҲԶԶڲ֮λ档
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Ҫɱңǡ
һޱȵľֽ֮У濴һһɫʿۣݣЩŤʿһ±溣ڵĿֲɺ֮зֱѹըѿһѪɺȫɡ
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835 ڻʽ
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ڻǹʱʿǿ֮һߴʿʵǹǿʿʵۼĿֲڡk֮Ҳͬһ˿ʣܹ˶ܼ꣬½
ӵǷɢǱǺڻʽĳ棬취̽Դλá
Դʿʵۼǿ֮ԼڱԴ֮γɵҲǺڻʽ糬֮ԴȪ
ǵԴҲǺڻʽΪıܹȡԴ˽׳Ϊʿǿ߸
ܹڻʽĵԴһͨ溣ҲϣΪʥʿ
Щ溣Ƕ΢΢ͷԼ緽ʽһΣһ˷ȥ
ҲһɫĹâʧ
ڻʽ磬һʯѻɵĴ֮ǰѵһĹǿߡ
Щǿÿһι״󲿷ֶӵɣλȴ಻ͬ巽ӵ߷ƶȡ
Щǿ߻ӵֻ۾ӵһֱֻ֡ӳһͷι״ɢſֲޱȵϢ
κһĹɢ»ʿϵĿֲϢвʿ
ƣ󣡡
澲վǴӰ֮ڣЩ΢΢ҡͷһΣԾһƬӰ֮ڡ
Щһǿޱȣ֮ϣʿСǧٱ׾ٵľǱԲǧǿĲڲ
ǹڲһռƽ׵ľ޴ʯ֮ڣǿߡһ˳ֻ۾оŷƵĿӣһǳֻͷ­һ˫۱պϣһ˫Ĺ


836 ʥɽ
۹üͷ΢΢һ壬ʵħ۲ԽԽˣɽչkǸɵˡ˾ڸô죿
˫ͷȵŵǲˡ뷴һݻٵkǣɱkǣõkǵĹͷѪз޲֪ǵ³
һͨ䣬ӵ溣Ĺ񣬹ǵѹǻĿֲڡ
һ΢΢п۹˫ͷ۾һʮͻأĳ˵kǵ֮ڡ

ͷ۹һĨâᣬ֮ȵ˼㣬һѼĲӰȥ
¡
һץͷ۹ֱץУ̩ɽһֲ֮Ƿ֮лص
ԶԶͬ׵ʿ֮ϣ粻ŵۼطֻ֮ġĹʵǿȿֲޱȣ֮ͨϡ
ץסͷ۹ŵ֣һŤ
ͷ۹ŵʱһ׹䣬ݺݵײ˴֮ϣһ춯صľ֮һѪ

ŵһĨײޱȵĹâѪ֮ڣһֻŵĵֻ۾ʩչԼ츳ܡħۡһٽ´ɱ
ǡħۡǰŵһ֮еĿֲ츳ܣ溣ǿ߱ǡħۡһգûӦķر壬ҲشᱻֱӸɵǰŵɱﵡ
̫츳ˣսʽ̫Դֲڡ
ƽһɫӡ֮һӡ֮һ´˰ŵ֮ڡ
ŵʱԼ֮еѪ֮һͬˮһȥһֻġħۡҲҲһ˻·ʱܳ˯ѵ״̬
ŵӵ溣ڵĿֲϧkսʽ򵥴ֱʿǾޱȵķرܹȣű׾ٵѹ
޲Ĵ˾ɵĿһۣޱȵ޲Ĵ˾ɽѣʲôˣ
޾֮ʡ
ɽѾʲô£
ʱڵѪ֮Ծǳĸ򣿡
ǿҪѪ֮ԼѪ֮ޡ˵֮κιѪ֮׷ݵ޶ܹΪʥʿĿֲڡҪһΪʿʵۼĿֲڣǾҪ˵ĻԵŬˡ
ɽһĨãȻ֮ɫʲô
Щпʲô֪ƾ츳Ѫܹ֮زǹ񣡣
ڲ֮λ֮УʿѾ˼˼޾طǾųɾϵʿħ»ʿ֮ϡ
ЩֻҪӵ»ʿĿֲеٮٮҪܹΪ溣ܼĿֲڡĹȻӵгưصĿֲ
ɨͷһ΢΢һͷûκطܹȻΪ溣ܼĿֲڣǸkӦԴk˵ܹΪʿĿֲڣ
ʿط׷ԴĻǳԹ֮еĴܿط֮УʿռطЩط󲿷ΪоϽз棬ʲôܡ
оֹطֻЩطûӦѪ֮ʿá
ÿһѪ¶ɱʱѪ֮ĸ¶
ԴǺڻʽ֮൱һ籾Դ֮г֮ԴȪЩܹΪ溣ǿߣ籾Դ
ɽһĨ⣬ΪʲôҪ㣿
浭Ϊҵʵǿ
Ļ׵ĹӰȻ汳֣һ͸˿߹׵Ĵɽѵڣɽѵͷ­һã֮С
ɽ˫֮͸¶޾ãѪ¶ɱʱѪ֮ʥɽķ¶
ĸ򣿡
ɽȻ֪֣֮ŶϷһָ򣡡
ָһһööӡһûɽѺͰŵڡ
һ紵ԭʧ
ɽ˹һ뵽Լĸղŵľٶʱӿһ⣺ÿµļһÿֲֶΣ
ŵӵһĨη֮ɫǸһﵽʲôˣħ۲ĵһʯħ۶δĶ֡
ħ۲ʯħƬĵһ֣ʵԶŵɽѡһ뵽ǹޱȵֶΣŵ΢΢һ
ɽһĨ֮ɫһ֪̾
һ΢˳ŷ֮ʥɽķƮȥÿһƮԽʮľ롣
һıأǿѪܹkǽҲΪһֻǿЩҲһ˫н΢ƿزãпܻᱻɣ
΢֮Уһ߼Ԧŷ֮Ծһ߾ļ㡣
ЩʶۣԶԶԽʿȫѷɫʿ֣kΨһȱľǸֽkӵ޵Ĺɱط
˽һЩĹɱطڸkǣkһΪһɿޱȵ
ʱ֮֮ʿʵ۷Χ˹ʿնɱ񣬼֮λĹնɱƵ񲻵òԶλ档ʿ񼸺ǲݵĹϵ
ڻʽĹסڻʽ֮ڣֻ໥֮以ɱԴʿûڿԽɵĴڡ
ҵˣʥɽ
ʮ֮һһ߼ʣ·һ༹׵ǰ㣬಻޾ľ޴ɽǰ
һɺ嫡ԶšΰϢǾ޴ɽ֮л
ʲô
Ȼ˫һʥɽ뷽ȥ
ֻǳʥɽֱӱһֲֿޱȵݻ٣¶һԲǧľȭӡ·Ծ֮һȭʥɽ롣
濴Ǿȭӡ֮ɫѲɺڻʵǱɱģǵڻѾ޵УЩΪkֵʿʵۼǿҲȵkҪʲôˣȻܹڻʺɱ
ڻʽǺڻڵĴݻɡһʿʵۼǿߴ󲿷ڶԳһ磬Ϊ֮ĵkǲܹκ綼ӳֲޱȵħԵkǺЧ
ЩʿʵۼĿֲڣǿסkڵĴǵkԴȪطĸһkǵڴ类شҲζŵkǴΪΣյʱ
ڻʵѹһ޵У֮λ浱ʱʿʵۼǿͳͳܣΪ¡Ȼ˿ԶԵkڵĴ˺ֱס


837 ħ
еһƬȻȣһޱȵĹâƬ֮
Զһâ߷
ɽħ溣ܶ׷׳Ƭ֮С
һĨ˷ܵĹâڻʽ绹һءӵ˶溣񣬵kǶʹԼܹkȫɱһʾ޴ޱȵĲƸ
溣ĹսԶԶʿЩ溣ĹkǵѪȴӵо޴ޱȵļֵһͷ溣ĹеѪȡпһ溣ĹѪʿ塣
Ǻڻʽ֮洦ɼ溣Ĺ񣬵kȻӵǿޱȵ츳ʡֻͨҪǾͨ溣΢עһ㣬ȫһͷͷɱkǣkתΪ޴ޱȵĲƸ
ӳǽɻʳõڻʽ磬ǶѪ֮о˵ܹͳһʿĹ񡣲Щǵò󡣶Щ֮Уͬӵжǿߣв˵ȫû취ȡ˵Դ뿪˵أ֮ߡ
Щ溣ĹѪȷʵԻȡԴ溣ϵԴмУҪùѪȡԼԴΪѡ
ǵԴȴǲͬʲôطʿֻҪܹɵԴþ޴
ļ溣ӵĻ΢΢ͷ
ߣ
һȣһ⣬ʥɽһ󶴵ĵطȥ
Ҳȥ
ʥɽڻʽࡢ֮ءԺӵ˵ֶΣҪʥɽΪѡʥɽ֮Ǳʥɽݵĵ·
ûãһ޴ޱȣɲȭͶѨͳһеǰ
ȭͶѨ֮Уһ˿˿ޱȵħ
ǹޱȵħΧޱȵħܽ֯һγֹޱȵ
ι״ȻͣһޱȵļС
ЩǿʿµĴһǹޱȵоͻ飬һ߾ʬ塣
ι״ӵпֲޱȵ»ʿǿвҲᱻЩ˺Ƭ
һж溣ܣЩɱ»ʿkǶ첻׾ͱƬ
һʥɽڣһһ߼ʣħɭɭ·ܹһеħһеǰ
ħڹϷط򲻶ϵŤ仯γһȶĿռ䡣
ڷƣħɭɭһΪ֮ĺ
һ㣬һƬëȻɳһֻʿĳħħϿշȥ
һֻħոշɵħϿղãȻ΢΢һ·ʧȥһһ㣬ϵų򣬴֮һ׹䣬ħ֮С
ħ΢΢һһֻħȫʧħ֮С
ħ޷СطңܹǻҷĹɣûܹС
ڳ溣ܿħڵħһüͷ壬صĿ⡣
溣ӵмΪֲĸ֪ӵȻûнӴħȻܹԼоħ֮ŵĴֲ
ʿ֮УӵϡŹ֣˷˼Ĵڡڤ֮ˮֻҪֱ»ʿҲʹ÷ֿһڤ֮ˮ溣Ҳᱻϴȥ䣬һʬ⡣
ħ˵ĸо쳣ΣգЩ溣ǶԸ׽Ӵ

ɽħ˻ƣһ壬ԼڣڳһŸֹӡĹͷħһ
һͷͬħɭɭһŤʱ仯ΪһħɭɭŹֵħħ֮ϡ
һޱȵħ΢΢һΣħ֮ͣ
ҵħ֮Եֵħʴ
ɽħĿҫһᣬǰһһħ
ӵ溣âһħ
һħһħ֮һʮǱۣÿһǱ֮϶һʼ
һħֱħƮȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ħڹһħˮըѣһͷһͷáʬħ֮и֡
ħϱ㸡ֳһáʬáʬ󲿷ֶǹ̬ǧٹ֣ޱȡ
һԹЩáʬһħȥ

ɣ
Ѫ⣬Ҫ˵Ѫ⣡

áʬͬˮһӿȥӲײ˵ʶ֮ڡ
ߣһȺϣ
һЦģһָһָ
ǻָâһһȻӿһƬ𺣣Ƭ֡
ǻ֮£ɰǧáʬֱӱճɻҡ
ҲȡһʥָϣЩáʬһָһޱȵʥûЩáʬ֮ϣЩáʬͳͳ
溣ҲرͷųһǿޱȵķΧЩáʬͳͳ
溣ֳ֣Ǳ鲼ħáʬͳͳһʣ
Ȼ֮䣬ħڹһǴֲ̣׵ľ޴βʹǺױһ³ħǴ֮ϡ
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Ǻɽħ߶ԼħǴһ¸ֳӡһɫķȻ֣ħǴ·
ǳǴֲ̣֪ڵľ޴βһºǷ֮ϣħǴķ׺飬˳һħǴ顣
˱ֱԾ𣬷ɵ˰֮С
ʮ侲ķ﷨ңӦоǿߵĽ֣Ƭռķ򶼴֧顣ҪУֻжС
С溣ʿڲ֮ͬзӳֲޱȵӵС溣ʿԶԶûС溣ʿԽ֮һ
ָһһƬƬëɳһͷͷħֱ̤࣬һͷͷֵĳħԶȥ
һӣһȻ죬óףԶȥֱ̤նС
ǳ߷ħָһһ׵ľ֮ƤһµһǾ֮ƤУʧ
ɽħһ·ֽΪɫãɫ໥ϵͶһɫĹͷÿһɫĹͷڰ֮һ֣תΪһµãԭĺ˲ʧ
ħȻֽ⣬һֻֻ۾ͬڵһ㼤˷ȥŹֵ˼㡣
һĻ΢΢һЦתطһ»һɫӰӣһԾǺӰ棬Ӱ֮вϵĴԾš
ħһڣһ׵ĿֲϢȻһû۶ڱǣֻоһݵѪڴ޾ħˮȻſһ̣һھͽǺȥ


838 ǿ
΢΢һһ·ֻֻƴСӵвͬ츳ܵĳħ˷ȥ
һѪڷ·һ޴ޱȵУһ̡
ƴСĳħ׷һвסѪڷȥ
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ħ˲ۣγ˺һĴе
Ǻӵȴӵø죬ûһ˻ͷ࿴Ǻһۡ
˶ǽҵõڻʱܣһʱСӣһͬ̽ڻʱֻΪ˷ֵգȨ֮ƣЩʱѡ
Ѫһϣϵһâ飬һѪ֮Уֱɣҧɷ顣
һѪ˺֮һ³ħףʧ
ǲд溣ܿħΣգٲ˽Ĵ߶ʩչֹطħһȥ
ÿһ溣ܳԼ޵ط֮⣬ֹͬޱȣ˷˼ط
ȻħϿطң޷УЩ溣Ȼӵиֶοɣħ
溣ܷ߶ԼȡһһرԾԿֲٶȺħþͿħľͷ
ʱԭƽޱȵħȻڹǸո˺һѪڴ޾ħ֮Ȼ𣬽أħҧȥ
㻹Ϊ㲻ɣ
ħ˫һһĨ֮ɫϢȻһ䣬ǴһȦͷϵ߷ͳͳ飬ҡһ䣬һ±Ϊһ׵ɫ
һɺޱߵ֮ɫ֮һ̽צڣѹ磬һѪ֮ϡ
Ѫڵı̺޾֮צһʱѿɫճҺͬݷ׷ѣħ֮С
һޱȵİħ֮ӿһ·ܹѹ顢ʴһħˮħ֮г֮ɫϯȥ
һɫ֮ΧγһɫĹȦ
ħˮ졢Ϲҫɾǿħ֮н֯ڡ
ֻһɫȻ΢΢һŤһ¿Խ˰룬ħԵ
޾ħˮһ˸գħ֮Уڹ
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ҡһ𣡡

áʬħ֣֮һޱȵĺʿǹĺ֣Ҳħԡ𶯡׹ħ֮ڡ
ǹħͬʱ溣ҲûʩչطԽħ䵽˵ϣһĶħ档
Ŀһħ滺ǸóƺΪħ棬ǺһʮλɫƲ
Ŀ΢΢һǺ֣Ȼ鴫ǿߣ
ЩԼСǿߣʵһԶͬף硢֮жܹӳֲޱȵսǿҪΪ溣ҲԶʿҪѵöࡣ
ʵ˽ޣ˾żʣܹ溣֮
Ǻһʮλ溣ܾ۳ǿߣǺ֮ǿɼһߡ
Ʋɫ
ħĶƲ΢΢ЩŤɫ㴦ĻǱҵ֮УʲôĿģ
ƲɨڳĴ溣һۣʮĿģȻڻʽĵԴλҲΪ˶𣿡
Ϊ֣Ʋʵǿޱȣ溣Ҳ˿塣
溣֮ʵҲΪ޴溣ǿȫɱ溣ڵǿߡƲΪ֣۳ţϺĴ溣˭ʤ˭ҲҪս֪
ɽħˣҵĿĶǺڻʽĵԴڵԴûг֣ڧֻ˷Цǰɣ
溣ǿһۣҲĬĬͷ
һ˼ǰֻ̽γһСţԼųŵɫƲ𺣰ǿߡ
ƲҲ⾶ֱǰȥ
ɹħ֮һƬޱȣ಻һ߼ʵĹȺ˵ǰ
ǹȺ֮УսĲƺۼʬأͬ⡣
Ȼ΢΢һתһƬտһۣȻͷĿƬƲʬصĹȺ
ƬͬĹȺ΢΢һɨʱüͷ΢΢һƬ򣬽ֹУ
溣ܾͨҪвܹʩչƬȺֹУζ溣׼Чᱻ󲿷֡
˵ص溣ÿһǼ֮ûԥ̤ͬһĹȺ֮ڡ
һǹȺ˱㿴ǹȺ֮ڣǸֹĺǣÿһ߹ĺǶ˺ۣһԹԼޱȵϢǹ񺡹ֱ֮
ɽħɨЩ񺡹һۣ΢΢һ̾һĨϧ֮ɫϧЩͷʱ̫ˣ
ЩǰǿޱȣҲ»ʿϵĿֲڡǧȥkǹĳ֮ʱȫţѾûһ˿ֻûκγ֮ͨͷ
Ѫ
Ȼһ곬ֲ֮ǰһץһƴСͨʺɫ׹ĳֲС
˫һЦǺڻʵ磬Ȼб
Ѫһ䣬ҪӵѪľѪ࣬ڻԵɺ֮²ܹ׵طʿʿǿҲḶ޴Ĵȡ
Ʋɨһۣɱһţһ»ָƽ·Ѫ⡣

ѪԴʯ

ջѪ֮󣬺ӼҲһ·Ѱң˲溣ʿĶŵر
ƬȺ֮ûǰ˵أضѵһŵرȻֱǹȺȥ
Դ溣ܵĿ꣬ŵرȻ󣬿Ҫһ溣ܽΪʿȻءɵԴȴȫһ죬Ϊʿľǿߡ
ǹȺ룬һߴ׵ĺΰͨʹһϡƶɣͨʿҲ˺ֺ
ֻǴʱǺΰޱȵĹʮֹһΪһƾʧ·ȫһ㡣
ǹ룬һޱԲ̣Բ̵һöɫľ壬һ˿˿籾Դ֮Ǻɫľ֮
Դ
΢΢һֱʩչطӰ棬ʧ
ԴȻѾ֣ôǾȥɣ
ƲһĨײ֮ɫ߶һĨӰһɲǳħ۵ǰһצ֮·ʳһ㣬ѹգħץȥ


839 Ӱһ
ͫطʿһף˭Ҳ֪kǵͫӵʲôĳ֮
溣ʿ֮УͫطʿսҲǿġkǶһԣͷŸָĹͫǺǰʮ溣ǿвҲС
ħ֮ϵһ۾һֻֻԲͬħͫȻһֹŤĹâɫƲȥ
٣Ǹʱ׼ͫȷʵвܴ󡣿ϾЩħͫı壬ִôħֻͫһֻħ۶ҵв󣡡
ƲһЦ֮ȻֳһƬƬɫۣͬΪһͷһȦȦɫɢſֲޱȵѹ
ħϵħͫĹâƲ֮ϣһȦȦɫֱӺ䴩ɫ֮ϣһƬƬ۱ýڡŤʴ
Ʋȴô˻ᣬһצħ۵ǰֲ˲ħڡ
ħ֮һħֱըѿճҺոշɳգkͷ­ҲһըѿͬڵһԶȥ
ħҲսǿߣƲһشʮֹϵķ˼ԵԴᡣ
ãԼҪ
Ʋû׷ħۣתźЦ뿪ҿһħǰģûһǧͻ䡣
֮ӹһỊ̃ҧɫͲ֣ɱڴ˵𣿡
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Īȫ֣Ҳһܹӡɽħ溣ǿֱɱ
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滯ӰɱȻ֮һ֮ԾһӰ֮ûһӰ֮ڣ֮䣬Ծ֮⡣
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ʿ˲ųӡ׷ƮףǵˣԻӰȻ֣ѪţԳ֡
һջģ׵ζƮɢǾ裬Ȼ溣Ҳ԰ѳ֡
ɽħ˫΢΢һԣһɫڶ𣬻ɫۣһɺ嫡ϡֲӵk֮˲䱬ǺӵԻý磬ǿ׵˳ƺǺӵڣǺӵֱӺķѣѪĽ
Ʋǰ΢΢һЦ磬ɫצˣ
Ǻɽħüͷ΢΢һӣǲȻڵ𣬿뾡񡣷鷳ˣ
ƲЦڻʽ֮ҲιЩι֮еĴҲü̲סЩιɣ
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ƲǵԴͰ֮ǰԼķ䣬ġհɡΪ㻤
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Ӱһ˫ͫգ޽ķһۣһۿһۿ֮޽֮ϡʱһŭȣ˫ͫâһһһնĻͷŵĻ֮һһնϡ
˻ɶ񣡣
޽һĻ׵ƿ֮ѹʱŭȥ
ͺŵսͬˮһ޽ȥһе޽෢˹
սս˵һһܵĹ޽Ļ޷ơǳǧܵĲսս˹ȫĥ޽ĻĵkͬһֻֻŴһϵǰ
ɰ壡
޽֮кâһһɺȻ֣·һĿֲڶȻ
սͬˮһ㱻ǺڶɣһѶѷ
ֱһͬһ𲻰ܵħ˫Įһȭӡ̩֮ɽѹĿֲһѹȥ
һһӣһżرɫħܡȻɳ
һɫĹâҫһͷ޴ޱȵĺɫħȻ֣ºɫħ⣬ͷȻɳγһޱȵķ硣
һȭǷ֮ϣǷ÷飬ǿֲ׵ѹ£һȭǺɫħƬ
һ桾ɫħܡҲһ˲䣬ķѣ˷ȥ
һ˲ԭʧ
𣿡
кâҫһӡ֣һץɺȻ֣ļ˻ģѹǿգһϯȥ
ǵԴˣ
һ˲һɺ֮ǰȡһƬɫҶһӣɫҶһȼգһնѲɫ޽ɺֱնѿһΣɳɺµַΧһ±⣬һ仰֮󣬱ʧ
Ѳļһ
üͷ΢΢һһתͿһģһϢҲһҲһ޽ࡣ
һɺ޽ı𣬷µļսˣ֮䣬Ѿļս˱ɣ˷
޽ජ棬֮һĨ׺׵Ĺâ΢΢һΣһĨӰ˲Ϣ֮ǰ֮ƣϢӡҫһȭ̩ɽѹ֮ƣȥ
Ȥðƻ㵽ױ仯Ҽɱ£
һЦָһţɺȻ֣ڶһУ磬޽ѹȥ
޽Ϣӿһȭһɺ£Ķٴκһȭһɺº䱬
֮УһɺȻڶȻ޽һȭ䱬𶯣ͬһͷڴݻǳ
溣ʿųƴܣÿһӵժ£ݻһĿֲɺ̺֮ŵһǳĻҪǿȻ޽һȭݻ٣ֳǰԾµĿֲ
޽ݻٵڶʮɺµһ˲䣬Ϣһ˲䡣ǵڶʮɺһ޽ɺ֮С
޾ĺڰ޽࣬ĳȡ֫ٺ
˷ſֲ֮֮ɢ
޽һתط˻ÿһϸǿޱȵҲȻںһ
޽౾Ϊһ֮һ½͵͵㡣
һ˲䣬ɺ޾ĺڰʧȡ֮޾Ĺһֻӡȭͷ޾Ĺ֮г֣޽ȥ
޽ԲִٵĺһȭͬϢӿ֣֮֮£γһӡһֻȭͷȥ
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̺ľǿ޽ֱһѪͬһ㵹ɶ׹䵽˵ϣһ󶴣ˡ
棬Ӯˣ
һ߲ʹâ޽Ľ֮һ߲ʹâԭֱʧ
Ϊǰʮǿ޽ͬùӵ֮رʿǿҪɱʮѡ
Ŀ˸һᣬȻֳһУļսͬˮһӿ鲼ա
Щļս˵溣ܶʮѣǿ赲󲿷ֵ溣һκ̵ܶʱ䡣
ֻҪһκ̵ܶʱ䣬Ķ溣˵Ѿˡ
ųʮս֮󣬴ߵǵԴᾧ֮ǰһĨ֮ɫǵԴᾧץȥ
ǵԴᾧɲ֮䣬һ±ֲ׵·һǳըһ㣬ϯȥʿҲѵǿֲ
浭һЦһţӡڣһץ㽫ǵԴᾧıը֮סһɺڹҫ㽫Ǳը֮ȫɡ
溣ܾڰ˴ʿʵ۵ʱҲǳưһǿߣСkҲӵ㹻ǿ̽ż


844 иɻ
ץסǵԴˮһ˲䣬һɺޱߵĿֲǵԴˮ֮ӿûڡ
ʿǱǺޱߵһ壬ôǿ󣬶ᱻǾֱӳ顣
˫֮âת粻壬һޱȵĻӡȻ֡ÿһϸ֮Уֳǻӡ
嶼һ޵ԨɻӡǵԴˮ֮еĿֲ
ÿһǿһ֣ϵĽš
Ȼ֮䣬żԶһɫֱڶ˰֮У֮ŷײеĹâſѪڣһɻصĿֲڵkĿۡ
һ͸˿һɫƲ֮ϸ֣k΢΢һǿԻһе˲ޱȵһ˵k֮ϣա
ס֣
Ҫɱңס֣㣡

Ʋһ־Ĳҽ֮޴ŤȴһҲûʩչ
Ǿ־ļ֮гʮ룬ƲűԼ׷մֻʣһö溣֮Լһöﱦ
ԶʹͫһеħһÿµļһֲӰһٱ޽ࡢɫīĶĶ֡
ǵԴˮǾκ溣ܶıȻû˻
ֻܹˣ
ħһҧһһŽʵ֮䣬ͬ챦ʯһ㣬ƻãɢŹϢѪҺ˵kС
ħ۵֮УһֻѪħ۶ȻƻãŤĹâһѪҺ֮ϡ
ǹѪҺʱһŤһɫûħ֮ڡ
һǰξɣ
ħһߴĽ֮ϣԶԶڰ֮棬һֻħһŤһޱȵξ֮ͬˮһԶϯȥ
ξףʵ缫ΪֻͬЩӵһ˿ԵʥʿܹξʴʿǿߣûرҲᱻξ֮У׸
һŤξ֮һħ˲ξ硣
ʲôأ
ħһξ磬˳ξ֮ĹϵԶȥʱĿɿڴ
ֻǱӦĵطվһŤ·ʵλ֮еĻס
Ļ׺Ȼ֮һֻޱȵ۾ڹ۾·Ϊһֲ׵ĺڶһξ֮
ħ΢΢һֱӱǿֲ֮Ļȥ
ħɫ䣬תط΢΢һΣһ±ΪһףǽЫĶȻĻ״ȥ
ǽЫĶӵй׵֮ӵǻһǽЫĶУͻֱӱתΪξξ磬ڷ״̬ξε
ǽЫĶոմ̳Ȼһһ·Ļ׵Ĺ֮ڣĻһɣתΪ˴ޱȵξ֮
ʵ֮Уħһʧȥ꣬˫۷ֱͬʬһ˵ϡ
ͨһʧȥ꣬溣ȴӵпֲޱȵȻ飬൱ȻԴһκܳʱ䣬ֲͬһ㡣
޻ɳˣɶ񣡣
һߵĺɫīһҧʩչطϢʧ
ǵԴķ֮£׵Ĵﵽ˰벽ʿ֮Ȼٽһ̤溣ǿ֮
溣һ벽ʿ֮󣬱Գʿ֮溣֮ͨʿʵۼǿ֮ǰؼһ硣
ʿΨгΪ溣ǿߣȻŻӵгʥʿԼʿʵۼǿߵǱ
溣ǿһ֮лԽ񣬽ʥʿʿʵ۾ͻʿҪһЩ
漴ǵԴһͻƣΪʿ֮ʱһɷȻǵԴˮ֮зȻڡ
һɷһûڣ汾ѾɶʿƿʱøӼӲ
ɷʲô
΢΢һת㷨˫֮һ¸ֳһ֧
úڻʽе飬ѰҺڻʵĵϵѪҽӽǣ£ҲܹȫɺڻʽĵԴһٽΪʿ
΢΢һһһīĺӱС
üͷ΢΢һ˳֮У˫֮вҫݣڷĽż㡣
澭㣬жϣȽϻ㣡
Ǻڻʩչɷܳˡ㷨һžطȫնơ
ɷڱնϵһ˲䣬ǲдĵԴͻֱӱڻʽҲ˲ʲôԵõǵԴıܹΪʿʵۣ޷ֹ
һУһöԴݻγɵˮʱһ·С
յԴˮ΢΢һ˱·Ϊ˹ʱʿʵۺڻһ㣬֪鲼ڻʽ硣
ã˺ڻʽ磡
ȥīĺȻӿһ˿ļµĸоԥóһɫСһա
һɫͨȻͣͨڻʽ֮⡣
īһΣһɫĹâͨȥ
Ȼ֮䣬֮УһֻĴִǺɫͨһѹ
Ǻɫͨʱ̮īʮֹıһɿֲŴǺɫ֮ͨзɳ
һָֻͬһ㣬ڻʽѹīѹȥ
棬ҪҲ𣿡
īһŭһΣһ±仯Ϊһ峤ߴǧ׵ĺɫצǽľָݺݺȥ
īĵ屾Ѿݻ˴󲿷֣Ǻǰʮľ֣ķ˼ޱȵıӲĻָԼ塣ֻǲִٻָ壬ԭĺɫ֮ϲֹһ
˿ûлػ˼֮һֻľ޴ָɫצ֮ϡ
īǧ׺ɫһı̮ɻңƮɢֻʣһö溣֮ԼĴﱦ
ڰī䡣
·һ޵еħڻʽɨȥȴûзӰһԼٱ޽Ӱ
һĨâ̾Ǻǰʮǿߣ¹ޱȣ޷ֱǷع硣
Ӱһٱ޽󺣰ǿ߲ʱ뿪ڻʽ֮Ҳǳ֡㲻ɱǣҲҪ
ڻʽ֮УսʿǿߡȻԶԶȲʥʿһʥ֮еʥʿ֣ȫпܴнǵԴˮߡ


845 ƿغڻʽ磨ϣ
ڻʽȻɻˣһʿǿ߶ûУ
ͨǵԴˮǺڻʽ֮΢΢һɨֻоһ溣ĿֲϢȴûһʿĹϢвЩϧ
Դˮ֣ڻʽսʿĹҲֱܹѹ
һʿĹɱΪ£ӵо޴ļֵǺڻʽڣʿӰȻЩϧ
ڻʽڵλòգƶɣ
ǵԴˮ˫۸ֳӡ·Ϊڻʽ硣
磬ɽһڻʽɽ΢΢һ˲顣
һģģī·һеԲδ΢΢һһģʧ
պڻʽˣѾúڻʽʥǼλʥʿ֣Ҳλá
Ǻɽ֮Уĳɽ֮ϣӰһʧĺڻʽ磬һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾
޽֮һĨʣЦû뵽ڵر羹Ȼܹ˳ɫ޽ཫǶʿʵ۵λĵˡ
ӰһһĨâڻʱУ㻹Žսʤ
޽֮ģ֮һĨҰĵĹâٽһ漴ص໥ɡΣͬҲĻᡣκһ໥ɣʤߣôվʤһ飬ӵгΪʿʵ֮ϣߵĻᡣ
ϣ޽תһĹ⣬ԭʧ
һ΢΢һ̾ߣôҰģҵҰľȻȲһŮˡ
ֻ߽ڴ˵ԼһЩż֮µ㲻ĺۼ֤kǴڹʷ֮ϣǿĴڣǰ˴ʿʵۡ
ʿĿ꣬ҲǳΪʿʵۣ޵Уѹһλ档ߣ˰˴ʿʵ֮⣬ʿûһΪĿ꣬Ϊ̫Լʵ
ּʾԭѾӦ䣬λĿֲѾһ˿˿յļ
ЩǵĿ඼ǸһΪʿʵۡЩĿԶҰĲ֮ǽĿ֮ϡ
һüͷ΢΢һ壬ֹ࣬ǹʱǸӾԶϹﶼʼһһգܹùk𣿡
֮λ治ʿķԴأҲͬģڵʷѾһϡ
ޱȵʷ֮У֪˶ٿֲޱȵĴڡ
ʿܹʯԷֵʱˢֶΡЩʱѾĿֲȻҲƵֶΡ
һأ֪ءʮʿ֮пֲ֮⣬һЩʱѾϹҲʼѡ
һһᣬ΢΢һ̾ԭʧ
ڻʽڡ
һ鲼ʯݣӵʮ˿ڣǺڻʽһʯһͷͷ­Ŀֱ࣬˫ۡǰԳһֻ۾
һ˿˿溣ǿ߼ĿֲϢΧĿռ䶼΢΢ѹЩŤ
溣ܼĿֲǿǲԼվڵ֮ϵһУɢĿֲܹ׵Ľһеͨͨɱ
λ棬޷һ溣ܵĴڡ溣ǿн򶼻ȫ
ֻʿʵۼǿܹƿǿλ汾Դ־֮ڣǶôСλ涼Ա٣ͬʱӳǸλؼ޵Ŀֲ
Ѫ֮ﵽ׵Ĵڣǰʥɽ
һֺ꣬޴ޱȵһĶ߻صõkһ˫ۡ
һ󲿷ֳĹ񶼻ӵ»ʿĿֲڵһʿʳʱֻЩ»ʿ֮ʿܹĹս֮Ѫ֮һ׾൱ʿʿڶʿ溣ܡ
üͷ΢΢һ壺˭˵ݷ
Ϊ溣ǿ߼Ŀֲǿߣڻʽ֮ǿĴ֮һӵг֪ǳ֪ϵŵkõkձܣǸˡ
һᣬ΢΢һΣһâʥɽȥ
Ǻڻʽڣһâɳͬһʥɽ֮зȥ
Ϣָһ½ʥɽһޱȵĹ㳡֮ϡkΧʱһݡ
ֻǹ㳡֮ϣվһʵǿޱȵĹߴİϡ
Щÿһӵ溣Ŀֲһڲ֮λر֣ȫԺɨر綫Ĵ
ǶĴӵеۼرѹˣǵۼر溣ҪkǵҪԼԼֲĴۡ
İȻһһ溣࣬ǵkǶӵйޱȵ츳ܡڴģս֮Уһȫѹʮ溣ܡ
İ溣ĹҰս֮УȫԺɨʿҰսţҲֻƾĵطпֵܵסİ溣Χ
һǸ㳡Χ溣Ǳ¶һ˿ɫ׷˵һߡ
溣ǿ߼ĹЩͨ溣Ĺǿ̫ࡣƽʱҲպյĴЩ溣Ĺ񶼲kµkȻ֣Լɱ
ңҲˣ
ĿȻ΢΢һһͬһˣ˸ҿͷ­ͬһֻǣףۣɢſֲϢĹ
һת¶һªЦݣۣҲˡͲԺûˣ
ۡҡԺڻʽǿ죬kҲڻʽ֮не溣ǿ߼Ŀֲ֡
üͷһʲôټǰ˵أ
һĨأտȥˣ
΢΢һտȥ
ֻ֮УһƯǰ֮ϣһˣ档
ʲô
µ壿

·һ񶼺Ŀ֮е棬۷׷ס
ڻʵʱ֮λ໹ֻԳִ̬һҴڻ仯֮Сһʿʳʱ֮ư֮Ǹʱʿ̶ִ̬һģһ
ںڻʱû塢һ塢ū
浭棬ڻʽˡպڻʵѡ񣬵һѡ뿪磬ӴǺ޹ϸ𡣵ڶѡ񣬾ǳΪҵĲ£ΪЧңǻӻǣʿѹ
ѡ֮ǰκΥˣ
һץһû֮С
һڣһֻһĴִһץסһͷףɢſ񱩰һĺ̬һ´Խգǹ㳡֮ϡ
һֻӹʱɫ䣬ʧеԺ


846 ƿغڻʽ磨£
Ժ
ǰԺkôץˣ
Ժǵ۷壬ʱпܿԽĽ׵ǿߣôܻ޷֮ıץ

ЩĶŰԺ֮ɫ
ǰԺǳħԳһ塣ǰħԳ֮󣬱ӵʿĿֲսİħԳԳΪ溣ĿֲڣİħԳʿĿֲڡ
ڻʽ֮ڣԺǰľǿߣҲֻۡʵܹ֮ƥС
Ժǰ֮зһţ쵰ץ𣿻ӷſ֮һ˺Ƭ
Ǻڻʽףӽ𣬲ߣ
˫֮һĨĮȻ֮ɫָһϡ
һֻ춯صİҲָһϣһ󣬷·ڻʽһĿֲΰǰԺ֮ϣҪk촷ۡ
ҰԺһս춷أҪɱң죡ƾ㣬Ҳɱңҿ
ԺһŭХ⻷ƣȻǴ󣬱仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴף·ѹأ޵еİħԳ񣬽ǰӲĳơ
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·İٶ溣ŰԺǣ飬һĿɿڴг𺧣ǶƲ֮е棬η塣
ĵſؿڵһֻ۾һ۾Ϳʵг𺧣ǵǿߣôôǿɱԺ
Ժһ溣ǿ߼Ŀֲڡkսʿ֮кǰʮľ֣ʿĿֲǿҪѹkʮѡ赭дĽǰԺɱʱڳйһĨ֮ɫ
ٴһץǰһľ֣ûգһͷ­溣㱻Ǻڻʽ֮ץ
ڣkҲû֮һ
ڣ

Щ溣е溣΢΢һ
һǰһĴһϣʩչܶ޷ǰһĴ֮ѣձֱеѪⶼѹһ֮ڡ
ǹ㳡֮УһȻһ𣺡һϣְɱˣǶᱻһɱ
ڻʽڣ
濴һһۣһĨϷ֮ɫ
һĹâҫһĳһֻ֮ϡǰһϣƾȻһ˲㱻󱬣Ѫ⣬ûһ֮ڡ
Щ溣Ĺ񲢲ڻʽ飬Щڻʽ溣񷴿棬Ҳȫ⽫Щͳͳɱ
һ溣ĹǱʿֹطҪĶϺͱ
İ溣ͳͳ䣬kʬγɵĲƸȫпܻ̤ؼһʿʿԴ
г𺧣亹ֱôôǿĽ׵ǿߣҲôǿ󣡣
ڻʽ֮УҲʿĿֲ񣬿ЩʿĹҲûǰ˼ʵΪ˵Դˮ൱ڻڻʽӳ֣Ǻڻʽһѹ֮£Щ溣Ķ֡
һʮ׵۹һâʲôһϣɱ

ȥɣ

İٶ溣֮УʮԸ꣬ѱĹâһ·Լ츳ܣȥ
桢ѩǴ̡ʯȸָǿ˼츳ܷأͬˮһ˷ȥ
溣ǿ߼ǿ߱ʮ溣һûлرҲԻᱻɱ
浭һЦ˲жʮ
ʮֹ츳ϣֱӺ顣
һâҫһ˿˿ռʮϡ
һɲ֮䣬ʮ˲ʧֱ𱻴͵Ǻڻʽһ䡣
ԭŵһ֮ϣâһѸٵ۳Ρ
һִֻԽһץһͷĹ񱻴ֱ֮ץһֱ⽴ѹӡһ֮ڡ
Ͷǰ֮ϣЦЦĸ·ĺڻʽһֻһֻǸղŷĺڻʽץֱ󱬣֮ڡ
ڻʽ֮ڣʥʿ֮⣬ʿǿûطرһͿԽk͵ڻʽκεطǺڻʽĿֲ֮
ЩڻʽĹǿЩѵĹһֻֻץ飬ͷƤ飬г˺⡣
ֶΣ޷⣡
ۿЦһ£϶ҿȥֻ϶Ҳڿ˫жһĨΡ
ֶָμֱ죬ʿĿֲҲûֶΡֶǰܹ棬ֻǿԱϡ
ˣڸңǵѡ뿪ңΪЧ
澲ĽʮѣԼûе˵ص溣һһĿĮĸ·ļ񵭵
޲˾ɽһ¹ڵϴеԸ⳼
Ը⳼

ٶ溣Ĺһᣬڵϣ
֮ǿΪʿĹʱ֮ͬûʲô񷴿kǡչֳ޷Ŀֲ֮Щѡ˳
ЩǺڻʽ֮и죬kһѡ񳼷棬ڻʽС
ڻʽճưأ޵УʿʵۼΪµĺڻɡ
ȻǺڻѾ£ڻʽ֮Ȼӵŵر
ǺڻʽĹǱշ֮󣬵kǻ۵ıҲ󲿷С
ʮʿĺǣϧѪⶼkǳԵˣ
ڻʽ磬һ侫Ĺ֮ڣ濴ʮʿĺǣһĨϧ֮ɫ
ڻʽ֮Уʿ񳬹𣬲󲿷ʿĹһ䣬Ѫ㱻һգΪдĺҲԵֵʱĳˢеĳ֮ʧǺڻʽ֮γֹ
ڻʽ֮У洦ɼֲֳǿʿµĴںڻʽ֮дͬڻʽ֮еĳ»ʿϵĿֲڣЩԵkǺá
ʮʿĺǾڻʽ֮нʮʿĹ񺡹ǡ


847 
ʮʿĺǣӦÿϵرҼЩĵرӦÿԻɫǳʯ
濴ӵĸĵر¶һ˿֮ɫ
ڻʽ紦Ǳأ洦ɼָĵرвʿҪĸĵر
ʿͬЩ˵ֻЩ̷ֱ伶ܹԵkкܺõЧ
ʿȴǿʹøֳֲƳɸ˷˼ħҩԼʵԴõ˼ޡ
ڻʽպڻڵĴݻɣԴḻ˼㡣ΪʱˢһĻıȻǿޱȣԵʿĿֲڡ
ֻЩƾԼѪֻ֮ƾ豾ܶһЩǳšǺڻʽ֮еĵرŽֻǵ溣ǿһĴڡ
һĨâڻʽԴȫҽΪʿǿߡЩԴԴȣֲֵһᡣ취ҵڻʵϵѪӽkǡ֮ǰҪĻԼʵɫǳʯõ֡
ɫǳʯ潫Ƽ弶ĺıһƼ弶иǿս˵ԸõӦԼĴ١
磬麣λãһƬ಻ռƽľ޴ƣǾ޴İ֮ϣһһ߼ʵĴ½
һƬ½麣½ǵ麣ݵ࣬ǿޱȵħܣֻǿʿϵǿ߲ܹһͨ麣½ĴƱ
麣½֮ϣ»ʿǿߵļҾ֮⣬ʿļҾǿʿ֮еٮٮߣΪ麣½˾޴Ĺףһһʱûʿ֮ͻǲͳ麣½麣ط
麣½֮иƣǿ꣬ʿߣǿղ繷»ʿʿħǿ߲ӵи߹ĵλҲɼ
麣½֮Уŵħ磬麣½֮ϵʿǶͨħͨħͨǵħԻñȵķ͹ܡ
Ī麣½֮һߵʿѧԺ֮еͨѧԱӵʿʵϲıǰ淨ħ֮ͬϵһ㣬ǵħ֮в԰Ρ
Īץһöɫķħ򣬾һûǷħ֮ڣһ½һõ֮Уõγһ壬һ俧档
ĪͨǷħ򣬾ǵħɵħ֮Сħ֮УͨʿҲӵַ˼˼ΪܵͨʿĻӭ
ħ֮УеĸоΪʵ֮һʵֹ½룬رޱȵ
һڵĺʥֳˣ֪ûµʥʿ
Īһȣĺһڣһ죬һűֽУĿǺʥ֮һӶ
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ĪһǸͻأֵ֣ʱ󾪣¿ȥ
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ĪһţһŲ˼֮ɫ૵ܣôܣɫīġӰһٱ޽඼۳С磬̤ǿʿ֮·ţôֶˣⲻܣ
ħǿϢ麣½֮µ麣½֮УȫӡֻЩħǿ߲ܹͨħõһֵ鱨
麣½Լ֮һЩʥȫƣ֪ħǿߵ鱨麣½ԼʥزŻ֮ͣԴҪȥ
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Ϣ׼׼ȷ
ӰһԳˣ
ر磬ҲܹĹ

Ī˫۹âһ̳֮ڣʱʿۡ˵֮УĪȷӰһٱ޽֡
һ꣬ѾΪ溣ܣǰľǿߡ˺֮䣬ܱȰ
ĪЦһ£һ´ǵħ֮˳̾һ˼ǧ
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ĪǷħķ·ڣӼ뿪ߵʿѧԺķȥ
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濴Īһۣת㷨˫֮иֳӡĪȥ
ĪѪȻһ˿˿ޱȵһӡ
УĿһϸϸѪ֮ߣ˷ɢȥֱŲͬĺڻѪʿ
ֻҪԸ⣬һѪ䷨ܹĪΪʩý飬ͨЩѪ߽֮ڻѪʿͳͳɱ
ʱţǿޱȵĺڻѪ󲿷ֶѾϡޱȣ˲ǵڻѪŨߵһˡȻҲųڻʵϵѪǿرסҵķ޷ӡһԡ
ָһһȻɳĪϡ
ת㷨ȴûзϵɷʧ
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һ溣ܵͽܣǼӣҲǿʿĴԵ֮е


848 ħ
һ㣬һ̺֪ʶĹâûĪü֮С
һɲ֮䣬ޱȵ֪ʶûĪԺ֮ڣͬʱҲһָ
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Īֻӵһ˿ڻѪͨʿʽֻļϵȡʿ֮·ϣҲֻһͨڡҲֲֻһӡ
ĪӦԺ֮зŵ֪ʶֶطĬĬǣʦһǰر磬ִﲻɽ
ǵħʿĽᾧ粻ʿĺġ
ץһħϸһ˫֮һ¸ֳӡ˲ǷħһУ΢΢һһ˿ûǷħ֮ڡ
һâҫһޱȵĹ㳡롣
Χһۣ˫ӡһһԼ΢΢һɨʱһУ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȥħɵ翰Ƽʵ硣
ͨʿħ֮һжᱻǵħƿءֻҪõħļӳ֣֮УͨʿҲԷӳ溣ܼĿֲ
ǵħʿħ֮ҲΪͨˣᱻͨʿܡ
Ψ溣ܿԵֵֵħܣ޸ĸݣԼǵ֮Ҳӳ溣ʿĿֲ
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˫֮âҫǵħ֮иʵ
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һһŽɫȻ֣ɢһ˿˿溣ĿֲϢ
ԭǺ޾֮ˣ֮ǰʲôʧ֮ˡ
ǿʿһһ˵һߣ
ֱӽ˸պڡ
һò崿һ˿˿ϢԸ˵ĴŮһĨӯӯߵȻһЦ⣬޾֮ˡҾרߣʲô󣬶ԸҡǸպһᾡе󡣡
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浭һЦҶѡ
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Ҳħ⡢ɫīġҫ첽һĹ
֪ǵĸǿһЩ

Щ溣Ŀ΢΢һһĿⶼϣ˺桢Ľʡ
ǰʮǿÿһսԶ溣ǿߵĿֲڡk֮ҲһصĴȻ˲Ŀ
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ãһɫʿۣݣʳ溣ߵ˴ͷĸ̨֮ϡ
溣һ죬һ͸ˮƿװŵһƿɫħҩ𣺡Ǹպ̫ϳϺڰ׿չ⣬شҶϻҾͲ˵ˡҸպƵġҹˮֻһϵ²ݡǧĹʯʯǽʬ
һĨâҹˮ෨汦رҲû뵽Ȼܹǵ磬ȼߡ
ҹˮ෨溣Ķħҩħҩڵر磬ȫһ෨溣ܡ
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ÿһ溣ܶһƶ⣬ǡҹˮһ֣ܿͱ溣ܻߡ
Ǹպļ̫ϳϳó溣ĵر溣ܽ˵kҪı֮󣬲볡
պѾ˼ٰ溣ܽᣬΪһȻ̨ԼǵıϾ౦ޱȣһߣͺ֡ȽȻԻþ޴ĺô


849 
Щ溣ĸĵرϡŹ֣ϼֱδţ˼溣ΪһĵرͷѪ
һԣĿЩ溣ܽŸĵرƿغڻʽ֮󣬲Ƹͬѵһ溣ԴʿԴҲв١
Щ溣óĵرʮ󣬿ȴûһ֮
һС溣ߵ˸̨֮һһȭͷСҫɫâ·̺޾ǳʯͷУɫǳʯһţȡĹʵ˽޵䣬ԭʯ澫
һڳžһƬЩ溣ǿС溣ܣж¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
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浭һ߰벽ʿڳʼ֮ѪĹʬ廻ɫǳʯ
С溣жʱһӹһĨ˷֮ɫʼ֮ѪĹʬ壡
һǿ󡣵kǵҲ󲿷ֶӵ̫ʱֲʿʵۼǿڵѪ
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һλ֮ϣЩ溣ǿ棬жĽͼ֮ɫ
ڻʽǹʱѹ棬޵еĺڻڴݻɵ磬Ѿȥ£Ǹ֮ŵĲƸҲӴþˣһ溣ܽΪʿǿߡ
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Ŀ溣һۣȻһЦ˫ۣٿۡһʿĺǼֵԶɫǳʯ֮ϡ
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һǱ̰ɱ˫ۡ
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ƥﻳֻҪС溣ˣkеɫǳʯȻҲС
С溣ܶʱһ˹亹ֱ⣬kǺǰǿߣǵkɱġֻһ
溣ȷʵʮԻɱǺǰʮ溣ÿһʵ溣ǿ߻ҪǿֲĴڡɱͨ溣ʮɡ
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С溣ܿڵǸ޾֮һʿĺǾѾԻеɫǳʯ
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С溣һӹˮУʱֿϲ֮ɫлһ䣬еɫǳʯһ½棬תֱ뿪⽻ᡣ
Щ溣Ƕ棬һжĹâȻԸ⻨۹ɫǳʯȻҲԸ⻨Ѿ޴Ĵkӵеı
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ĸһﾹȻڿպǶ֣ѵ¸պѹ𣿡

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ǿպ֮Уɺ໥𣬿ֲ˷ɢ
սʮغ֮΢΢һΣȻһɫĹâǿպ֮ȥ
պ֮ӵ溣ܣЩ溣ܾͨطƴܾˣЩ溣ǾԲⲹһǷkǸɵеĲƸ
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ϧˣǺֺǿߣ
Щ溣һһĨϧ֮ɫû׷ȥ׷ȥֻǺ־ͻὫ׷ȥ溣ɱӶһС


850 
һɳպǣ˼Σ˲Խǧľ룬һƬïܣ鲼ֲɽ֮С
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Ů֮һĨеߡҪҡ
һת߳ţ߷ɣȵҪһߣ

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ЩǸ߷ɵ֮󣬿ǲŵĲеķŭҲˣ¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
˾һ̾ΪǸħʵ̫ǿˡkӵлصĿֲһǸħųһᱻǸħ綼ᱻǸħֻ׼ɰ£ܹѹǸħɰµΪ硣ҲǸ߰
Ҫ׼һ˵ĻǾ׼ҡԸɰ£ΪƷ
˾ֻи߰ŵķӡ֮ѪܹӡǸµĶħ׼㣬ûһ˿ãֻװˡǸ߰ɫţпܳԽң˵֮еʥ֮Ҳװġ
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ѹŸ߰ɰһǼ̳ȥ
£룡
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ʿǿߣʵǿޱȣǱ󡣵kkѡȻk𣬵kһ䣬kѡȻҪһֲΪУֵֵá


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ӹһĨϧ֮ɫȣϧˣǸĿǰܹȾָĴڡ
Ǻʧȥ˺ʿĿֲ֮ʵȻͣĶ֡
ľֱӿ磬ԻᱻǵΪơǵһʥʿĿֲڣʱ޷ֵǺҲֻܹϧ
濴ʧȥĺʬ壬΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺һ߻ʿ壬ټϵkЯ౦Ѿ׬ˡ
Ǻ飬ǻĽǶ˵kѾ䡣kһ߾ǧϽʿǿޱȵȻk飬Ȼûڵһʱ
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ٴεѾԭ꣬Ǹkʿѡ񣬻Ϊͬ͵Ĵڡ
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嵱ܣԸ⳼棬Ϊ沢ǵkĴʵҲ̫Сڣչֳ˿ֲޱȵʵʿֱɱӮ˵kһ˿𾴡
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ͬħһһЦŷս⣺սħ棿Ȥʿ֮УֶһȤĶ֡
֮ڣһ޾׵绷ƣߣͬ׵硣
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֮ʹѾٳΪһ޴ʵҡ
׵ľ޴ʵ֮ڣһߴǧףӡŸָͬѪһеӵ弶תƷ
һâҫǾ޴ʵ룬һӣһöɫǳʯֱӷ弶ת롣
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ħӡװףװסװ׿ԽʿľŴγɸֶֹΡΪ溣ĿǰԴһһܡ
عҫ壬ɽսֻҪĲݻ٣ͿսϵĽøǿ󡣼װϵ֮ʯ죬γɿɽе塣ʼսΪ׳ڡĿǰԴ¿һܡ
ǼսװһڡʮǸڣشʿǿߡۺսΪ溣һһһͨ溣ڵʿĿǰԴһңҪʮʱ䡣
ϵͳۺѹʿǿߡĿǰԴҪһʱ䣬ſȫһס
ҫʹߣִƹ֮ĵսۺʿսһĿǰԴһܣҪʮʱ䡣
Ǽ̽ߣ֣ȫٶȸߴ٣ҿԽпռԾɫǼ֡
ǳȡ󣬿Խǳ֮ڣȡǳ

濴Щսˣ֮ɫ弶Ƽ֮Щս˻϶ӵ˿ħĿֲսĿǰӵеԴҪ죬Щѡ
սֻҪӵгԴܹԲҹͣĹǿޱȵսһҲҪԴ
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ʮλ֮ǿƣŲ֪Ϲʥʿѻع飬ʮλ֮еϹֻҲʼѡȥǵkǣֱѰ·
ǽĻֻǼ̽ߴ֮󣬲ܹ̽ĿǰԾԼʵķǣĿǰҿյԴ
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ǺɫӵӰսħڵ洫ϴڵ֮ȻɳһûЩսħ洫ǵԴ棬ϻص
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ֻǱܳΪսħڵʿôѹЩ溣ܡǿ̫ϳϡ

սħڵǿһоޱȣһսħڱȥսħڵǿǶѾµսħӵ棬ΪҲֻǸǱΪսħһԾŶѹˡ
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սħھң֮ͬĹϵҲʮѺáЩսħ̫ϳȻӭΪkǵһӣȴһԸ⿴Ϊսħڵλڵk֮ϡ
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˲飬ɵλ洩̫ϳϸؼңk߸λ棬ͷչ


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һӿսħŵ棬һĨ֮ɫսħȻɳز̫ˣ
һӽֻҪʯѩԵŸһᡣҲû뵽ֻһᣬץסǸᣬֱϣ궼ûйȥȻҪսսħ
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겻ʯѩѾΪʿսħڲ֪ʯѩʵʵѾʼսսħ֮λ˶ҫúŭжӵĸ顣
սħսħλ֮ǿ֮һսһĨ֮ɫڵ棬սħӣҪսħڵô
ƽޱȵû
սħֻ溣ʿϵĴڲܹΣΪ溣ʿ𣿡
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溣ʿųƴܣһ˿Իһλ棬ժֻеĿֲڡ
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治ѾΪʿѾսħ˴һͽΪ溣ܣǼֱƹƣǿĲ֮λ棬ĴҲʮϡ١
Ѿ溣ʿ
һ˿˿溣Ŀֲ֮лΧȥ
溣ܣ
ȻΪ溣ܣ
治սħʷǿţ

Χսħڸ߲ǸӦһ˿溣ʿһɫ΢䣬Ÿ֮ɫkǶѾµȻսħӣǱضмְս溣֮ͬг𺳡
źɺվȺ֮УԶԶ棬֮һĨ֮ɫһ̾Ѿ溣𣿡
źɺ껹ǿʿʱֻһʿѾ溣ܣȻֻ»ʿʿûһ˿գ˫֮ĲྐྵȻزʵĸ鶼޷
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ʯǵڶʿʳĲʹ˽ɷԼһЩѪ֮˴ʿʳ֮гʿʵԼʥʿ֮⣬ʿûƽʯ顣
սħҲֻһЩռĽʯƬԼķӡʽͷаֱӷӡսħڡ
棬һͷʿаսħڵĿʦץסѹսħڷӡȻѾȥ꣬ͷаʵ˥˲٣Ӧûӵ溣ǿϵʵ
ͷаױ̣ҶսħޣѾгڵkСǽӡٴηӡkҪһʱ䣬һ⣬Ǻѱ֤İȫ
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սħʷǿţǱkЩ̫ϳȻԸôͳΪսħڵk֮ϣȴҲԸʹ䡣
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аǹаʵǿޱȣǿޱȡʿǿаսһ㶼ʹøطرйԸֹķԷѹӡ澹ȻͬһһӲӲĽаֱӺɣֱ졣
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аȻ֮˫аһƤһ¹쳤ڵkֻ۾֮Уÿһߵۿ֮һ¶ֻ۾
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溣ǿ߼ǿ֮߱ɨУ˶ᱻ˲ѳ˸໥ɱֿа
аȫʢʱڣʿǿ߱kаɨУҲͬѳΪ˸ɱȻ󱻵kɡ
սħڵʷ֮ϣкüսǿʵԶսħ̫ϳϵľǿߣkսаǱаһɨ˸ѣɱ䡣
ڷаааһַ֣·һɺȻ֣̺ſֲ֮аѹȥ
ǹ׵аһºɺ֮ϣһһɺ΢΢һģֱӱ
ֱʣһɺ֮ǹ׵аűȫɡ
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ͷаУаӿͬһĿֲаɺ֮зš
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һָһɺ±ֱӷɻԼ֮ڣһ˿˿ޱȵꡣ
аɵˣ
а溣ǿ߶Ƕֵаɵˣ
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սħڵ̫ϳһĿɿڴԼ۾аʿĿֲаǱӡ꣬ʵҲӵмΪֲʵаɱ溣ǿߵĿֲ츳ܡ
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һĨ֮ɫһ

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һӿ棬˷ܡϲáͬʱһ˿˿ʵĸӸ飬ЦݲϣҵĵӾȻΪսħûȻܹΪսħڵ
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սħһѾ˼Ĺսħλĵλ֮⣬ĵλ桢ʮλ桢ʮλ桢һʮߵλ桢ٶʮһ˵λ桢ʮĸŵλ档
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Ϊսħȫǽţ溣ļʼߡսħںֻʿΪսħڵ溣ܸոڶս֮ȫ䣬ֻʣЩѾתΪսħ̫ϳϡ
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ʮ溣ǿߴʿĹǿӲŸڻʹΧڷ˹
һСߡСӰߵֹԶԶʮںȥ
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ʮ溣ǿߡǿһûǼ޾ļս֮Уļս˷ɱһ
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һͷԭѾ˺۵ԶһǱ֮УſһͬˮһkĿУkϵ˱ܼٶѸٵĻָ
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ǲϵɱ֮Уһܼعҫս㹻ֱӽΪʿĿֲڡ
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ĺ֮У޾ļսγ˻еͬһƬһŹǿȥ
ԮǵԮˣ
սħڣսħڵԮˣ
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865 ԮǺ
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񳲱֮󣬲дһͷų˵
ΧǺڵĹǿ߷׷׳ˣʮֹϵĻһ񳲷ȥ
ǳ֮Ȼһſһ޴ǳ֮ȻƬ֮Уʮ溣ǿߣʿǿֱס
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һĨ˷֮ɫ΢΢һΣŰ溣Լһ弶սǱסĶʮ溣ǿߡʿȥǿ
һ弶սͬһĳìһ´ǹǿ֮Уһеķ񹥻Źǿߡ
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޴ıը֮ڶһһ弶ս˱ֱӴ򱬣ͬһʿҲӲı弶սֱӴ򱬣һƬƬѪƮɢ
÷˪ֽһʿɱ弶ս˷Χɱһʿ溣ܣг𺳣ǿеƣÿֲĻеܾţЩеܣÿһֻӵ׼ս
ʿǿÿһʿŵи߲㣬մʮ֮һ֮ڣͬһڣʿĴҲһ
弶ս˵ߴ֮ޣ൱һʿǿߡһɿֲޱȵʿǿӣҲͬΣա
һɺս֮ݺᣬɺ֮һһ溣ǿֱ߱ɣѪ꣬ͳͳɾԴ֮ա
Ǻ֮УҲɳඥ֣ΧɱǿߵСǺǾռţ֪ܣҲɱǿ߻кô


866 Ԯʥħ
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ǹ溣ǿ߱ϾʹȥĴڣkǱ󲿷ֶֻʿʵֻܹȡʤȶΧ֮£˼򵥱㱻ܡ
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ѶǺڵ̫ϳǺǺڶʮһ̫ϳߣһ
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ǺǺڲ֮λ֮еλߵһ溣ܣǺڲ֮λһ浱ǺУһǱĺ󱲡ʱѾΪսħִһڴȨ¸ƣǿꡣȻЩʺĽ
΢ЦţĴѣҲȻ顣ʥħҲսħڷԮұǰȥ֧Ԯʹ˸ˡ
ݻһ񳲣ҼǶʮ溣ٶʿ֮µعҫٴʮܽĿǰѾӵʮʿعҫ塣
عҫܹΪع׵Ļ壬ͬҪսkǲܹΪعס
֧ԮɡǺһΪ˰ѣջˣһҲϣܹ෢һЩսعҫࡣ
ǺǰҴǺһͬǰ֧Ԯʥħڡ
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ʥħλ֮УâҫһߴףɢʿֲĶаһߴףɢŻƽɫâĻƽӡǿ߷ɱһ
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սħڵĴ֮УʥħڵʵΪǿ󣬵ҲΪ
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Щ˵Ĺǿһɻ֮У֮䣬ͻָ˾ųսͶս֮С
˳֮£ʥħҲ𽥴·磬һе鱻ǿһһ򱬡
ʥħڵǿ̫ϳϺڰ֮ްһƬڰӣһס˹ʮ溣ǿߡ
ǹʮ溣ǿκһ˶ްĶ֣ǵkʮ֣ȫްѹƵô
ǿÿһ˶ٵסϹ溣ǿߡ
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ͳ˧ǼʽӴ֮и֣Ĺǽ֮ͬˮһŹǿߺȥ
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һֻӴޱȵĽӲŴ󿪣ļսγɵĻеǹǿ߷ȥܿͳս֮ϣǹǿɱһС
Ԫ˧̡ϣǡ溣ǿͳ˧һ弶սͬһ⵶һֱŹʿǿȥɱЩʿǿߡ
溣ǿ߾ˮҲȻӵ溣սɱЩʿǿ߲ǹмսҲΧɱĴڡ
һǧʿǿ߱һʿս˷Χɱ˲ء
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΢ЦŵĴѣҲȻ顣
ްЦǰ֧ԮʥħڣĲСһŵӣʥħڶȻԿ
ǺûǺҲԲԿ
÷˪΢ЦҲԼѳԿ
ް˶Ԫƾãϼ޻֮Ƕʮǲһôô´ǵֻܲ¾ûˡ
ҾͲˣ
һ൱Լʮ嵥ֱݸްˡ
ֻҪ֧嵥֮ϵԴͿһֻߴһ弶ս˾š
ް˿嵥֮üͷ΢΢һûκ顣嵥֮ϵȻǶЩʹȻȴҪıҪʣҸʣܺùǿ߸ɵ
˻е嵥΢΢һЦް˪һιǿ߷ȫսѵֵסǵĽҲ֧Դҳ֣ԮǡֻҪԸ֧ʣҾԸǰȥԮǡ
ֻǵһ̽Եȫ̽Եȫ֮Уʮλ֮⣬ѵֵĽ
ȻôһֻľţȻҪôʱľƣһԼջľˣһҲսսԼеŵ
ްĻʱ۾һȡһͨѶرԶϵ
Ǻɫ΢΢һ䣬ӵѩűѾݻˣ
һްж͸¶һ˿˿⡣
ѩǴʮ֮һȻʵȻһӴʿšѩžȻǹһֽ֮Уȫݻ٣ȻͬΪʮŵްһĸо
ް֮ʥħһ򽻺áǻڼ֣ͬʱԸ֧嵥ϵԮǡ
ʮֹϵǾ֧Ԯ֮ס


867 ۾
ǹǿʮֽͳ˧һֻӷ·֪ƣһսһֻ񳲾ţսħڻҪǿʿš
֮λȻ֮ʿĿǰѾΨһһһȵλ档֮ǰ֮λľڵ硣
սħȻǴʮ֮һΪӴ󡣲ãã֮Уͬǿʿš
һ
Ľһǽ֮зɳԶԶ쵽ԶֻӴޱȵǿ߽ɱ
һʹʮͷɢʿֲĹħʮͷӡĹħţ츳֮кȥ
ʮͷʿĹħֱֹ춯ءʮͷʿħ츳֮Ƭǿ߱ɻҽ溣Ҳֱɱ
ʮͷʿĹħ֮⣬ǸԦʮͷ溣ԨħааȿֲޱȵĳÿһͷﶼǻĴڣЩûǵս
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ʮͷʿĹħټʮͷ溣ǿ󳬷һɿֲ׵ѾԴݻ滹ûн弶֮ǰսħڶọ̃ҲԵס˿ֲ
ްǺ÷˪ǿ߿ʮͷʿĹħж֮ɫ
ʮͷʿĹħǻŵĴڣʥħĴҲԸһͷʿĹħΪС
÷˪ϸһħʳˣЩħ϶ħʳıǣħʳľħš
ްпħʳǰ˴ʿʳ֮һʵȻǿޱȡ
ħʳȫʢʱڣħ֮вʥʿа񡢹Ŷħȿֲĳۡʮλ涼ǵkıԴأպա
ħʳ֮󣬹£Ȼ׵ʮʿĹħʮ溣ǿħħʳĿֲɼһߡ
ǺҲ΢һǻʿʳһδ٣ûϣԶȹ
ǿ󣬰ǺŻˡǺյ鱨ʾѾʮǺڽõĴѾǿΪƽءǺ֧ܵԮֻҲΪǱݻٵеһ
һЦʿʳ֮УˣֻԼΨвϵԼϣȥ
ʮֽĴսħ֧Ԯӣ֮ѣǷҪǼԮ
һԵս֮ϴﲻҪǣҹ
ްǿ߶ɫһ䣬ǶλȨأԼ֮һԾŶ̫ϳϡǸȻǹȻгŭ
ݱ䣬ϵ´Ծ
һǽͨȻ֣һֻӴޱȵĽֱӷǽ֮ͨڡ
ɶ˵Ӻĺ⣬˺ôŽսħڵԮӵģõúܣ´ٱǿΧ㣬Ӿ˵
һǽͨްֱȡͨѶرЩܻǳ̫֮ϳŭغ
һߵЦޣҲ֪ħʳ˻֡һҶԲ㡣ǳ֮Ҳ˴ۡһս֮ǾҪħʳˡ
ްԶʱĬ
֮ħʳԮͬҲ˾޴ĴۣǾʿűħʳ̲ӴʧȥȨ
Ǻ÷˪Ҳ˳֮С̽ԽǶ˹ǿҲٵա⻹ֻ̽ԵĽǹȫʱǺڡʿֻᱻ촷ۡ
λ»еܾŵս壬ҲѾʶkǵսǾõkô
΢΢һЦһһ֮ҫǰ˼弶սˡ
ǺǼ弶սһĨ֮ɫĻеܣÿһܶӵʿսĳЩ棬ӵ溣ʿ
ްǿ߿Ǽ弶ս֮ͬɫ
ͳ˧һ弶սͬĳìÿһη춯أ溣ǿҲʮ弶ս˵ĻеУһһĿֲš
Ǻڡʥħڡǿʿÿһʿеʿǧˡ
һʿηĻеŵ֮ǿֱţް˶Ȳѡ
΢΢һЦ弶ս˵ۼ嵥ֱݸްˣҽһÿ֮ĴУоͻеܡ뽫֮սħڵĵ̣ڴλսħڵĺѡֻҪλԸ⹺ҿԴеܸλ
ް˽ӹһۼ嵥ϸһһ¶˷֮ɫ
һ弶սԽkǵ屶Դۼ۳ۡˣһ弶սҪԴҲһʿǿߵԴһǧֹ弶ս˵ȱԽ
ٽץʱԼʵؼ顣
սħڡɡǺڡʥħĴӵо޴Դƽʱáֻؼʱܹá
սħڣһ죬ҲѶսħڵսʴ⡣һս֮սħ¶ͬսʴ⣬߾һԼս
Ǻڵǿǿһս֮Ҳᶯսʴⲻϧһд۵Լ
ް֮ɫʮܣʮܣһܣʥħڿԹһĻеܡ
ǺʮֹϵһܣǺҲҪһĻеܡ
÷˪֮ʮֹϴһʮܣɹһʮĻеܡѵ֮ȹǣ
Ǻʱɫ΢ǺڼӼһɣȹӦǺڡ
ްҲԴɣʥħڼӼɣȹʥħڡʥħڿսħڵĺѡ
ǿ߿ǽǺڵŻˣֻӵһֻڰϵ弶еػǲܹ˯ðȡ򣬲֪һ죬ǵϳͻᱻ湥ơ
ް˶ϼ޻ļһȻ˴󷽵Ľ弶սǣضЩֽţšڹǿв֮£ҲѡֻܹйЩеܣһȿֺ򲻵
΢΢һЦżҿԱ֤Ще̵ʱ֮ǣҪ֧
ް˶նû⡣


868 ׼Ԯ
ްϵһͨѶرȻһĨ֮ɫʵǰȥƺλԹô
÷˪һЦƺλǰ׼ҵĸ֮һ׼ҽҵϳ֮λ棬ҵȥԮǲҪ
Ǻ΢΢һ̾׼ҵȷʵ̫ˡ
֣ɨ֮λ涫ʮɣʮԼඥϳ˲֮λ棬Բ֮λԴ
֮λʿķԴأҲĿǰ֪Ψһһһȵλ档ʮɱϳ֮λ֮󣬶ʧܴȻû˶Դ͢κκøС
÷˪Ǻ޲ð׼ҵͳͳ
ȻһЦݺ׼ȻǶȴͬʿһԱ׼ѣΪʿһԱӦúúáǡҾȥһ
ӵһ弶սˣһɿֲʿǿҲԻܡ
ڹʿڵ֮ž޴ıϣʥʿĹǿʱ޷Խϣߡʵ̫ǿߵʮΧᱻܡ
ް΢һ룬¶һ˿Ц⣺ȷʵӦúúõġ׼ҡ
ǰ׼ұǹϳÿȥ׼صĸرչ
ǰ׼ҽǱҲԳɱǿߡ
һһֻӴޱȵĽӱֱӷһĴڡ
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ƺλһʮλĴμλ档ƺλǿƯһſǳÿһǳһ
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ǧâҫ໥γһλ硣ǹǿܹǧݻһϣkǸ޷ͻƺλɱ¾ƺλͨˡ
ǧҫһֻֻʹԼΪأǿɱһ
Щʹһǿߴݻ٣ֻҪʹ֮ûб𣬾ͻʹ֮ڣٴͶս
ǧ֮УʮǿɢޱȵԣΪм
ʮǿģɢΰԵΰǰ׼ǿҲĵ̡
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ƺλƯʮ䳲̬񳲣ԴԴϹǿߴʮ䳲͵֮ӿ׼ҵǿɱһ
ʮ䳲֮зɳ߰ٶ溣ǿߡһʿǿߡʮʿǿߣһǧ»ʿǿߡ
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׼ҵΰ֣ȼһͷͨ䳲ʮϳֻɲλ֣Űֻ޴۾ʮȺǣÿһֱֻߴ׵ľ۾֮ӵͫ׵Ĺ
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ǰ׼ΰһɫأȼʩչǿޱȵķֵǰֻĹг˼ɵ
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ۼرÿһӵֲ˼Ŀֲʿ˴ʳ֮ƶĵۼر࣬ÿһˡʱʱһ·һЩۼرûˡ
÷˪һĨɫЦȰ׼ƴԺȥǡ
սħڵĴɵ֮Уʵɵĸ󲿷ڲ֮λ棬λĿԶԶȲսħڵɡɶ԰׼Ҳʹޡ
һâҫһ˿˿â潢֮ǰγһӰǴʵ۰顣
ĽǰӹһĨ֮ɫȵ򱱴󹫾㣬ĽӣЩĹ
һһӡ˰üģͬһʱ䣬һһӡҲüġ
ǡ㷨ϵһ˿˿ΣյԤӿͷ
ʱɫ䣬ƾǿʿ弶ܹһ˲Ͳµࣺ⣬ǵۼرħ
ǵۼرħǸʿһһľرͬʱӵֹĪ
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ǽ֮ʮֹϵŰһͬʱĴ档
һü֮ϵǻӡʱʧ


869 ն
򱱴󹫾㣬ȫ
ͶӰû˵꣬Ȼ֮䣬һ͸˿߳˵k֮ϣͶӰһ±ôľȫޡ
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÷˪һۣ֮һĨâɽԭǸڴ˺ôһƬҵĲɽ
ǺҲһĨ֮ɫ򱱴󹫾ִݡݡݵ򱱴󹫾ֲʵ֮졣
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ǺȻҲʮֹעķһֱεúܺãֻ΢¶һЩֻЩһֱ׷鲻ɽϸ˲֪档
ްһĨâǡħһκνܡħͷùλλڰǰͻᱻǡħɣʵԽǿԽء
ǺʮֻɳĵӼ͢ﵽƿ֮󣬱ǹٻعɣΪ˲ܡħ
䡢Լڵ̫󲿷ֶ԰׼ĹΪǡħǾ޴ͬħҲܹǵ
Ҳɽӽ𣬴ȥеĹְλ
ת㷨˫֮иֳصӡ·һʵ֮С
һ˿˿׵֮߳ǰ
Ŀϵ֮Уһ֮ɢŹĺɫϢĻµһ˲䣬һ֮߱ɢһ롣
һ͸֮Ȼ֣һֱ֮նȥ
һŤĹâҫӰޱȵĳһ֮ǰ棬ʿֻŽһ£пֳŹһ١ֻҪҴΪҴЧҿԴͷΪáħΪʿͬʱһͷΪ۹Ϯ棬ͬڡ
Ҫʵ˵
΢΢һЦһָ͸֮һնһɫ֮һնϡ
Ǻɫ֮һնϣоһɣȻһزȴӦ磬Ӧ֡
Ǻɫ֮֮һðɫϢγһɫĻӡһü֮ϡ
ƺλһݻޱȵĹ֮ڣڻ֮ϵİޱ˫ڵλÿһۣˡħӴ˻ɽ֣󺣡Ұ׼ң֪ǻǸ
һü֮Ǻɫӡӡǡħɰ֮ǰɢ
ǡħһkĹʿʵۼǿ߶Կ⡣
΢΢һӦڵС֮ЩߵĲӵߣͷĿǡ
ƻûеҪ¶ʱ򡣶ҶԹǿ֣߳Ҳҵ档
ɱǿܹջľˣ֮У³ɣһ˳һЩСʵ¼ܹ޷Ŵ󣬳ӵо޴ĺô
µĸ֡еŻɱĹǿ߻õ˶ԵϡȻɱǿʮָȤ
һҼǼսȻ֮УŴ򿪣龭ǿװļս˴Ӳ֮зɳһ㣬սȥ
һͶһ򾭹ǿļսˡ
Щûֹͣս˵Ľ죬弶սΪԴƣһٶܣļս˵ȴѾߴʮ֮ޡ
һ򾭹ǿļս˶˵ǾţһëȫݻˣҲ˿ʹ
һļս˲ûֱӷս룬սԵɱЩ»ʿĹǿߡ
һս»ʿĻеżս׼ҵľٴκÿһЩ
һ溣ǿ߼ĻһԷɳҲս֮УkҲʮֽƻֻսԵˣսλá
һ׵ǽߡһͷǧ׵ʯǡһͷ׵ľꡢһͷߴ׵аҲɢſֲϢսǶֻսıԵˣרɱ׼ĹǿߣԸ⿹溣ǿߡ
֮⣬ʮʿŵǿ߱ȴһɱǲޱȵս֮УŲпޱȵĽɱս
Щʿżս֮սȻڽֵľ档
ЩԸصʿƴȫƴһսȷʵпܽսִơֻЩȳԮʿʿǶûΪ׼ƴ˼ͬһרɱߣ΢ǿУ˱ᣬʮоųڱ֮ϣȻתս֡
ƺλ֮ߴ٣Щʿŵǿȴһװƣȫս
ǡħҲƣȻ´Щ˰װʩҲԲӡ
¡
һ֮Уƺλռһֱըѿֲıը֮һ˿˿
ıը֮зɳ˹ʮ溣ʿһǧ׼ǿߡ
סĹȣҲǿսݡһԿ溣ܡ
ӳôǿھԵǰȻᱻݻ١һҲǿԿһ溣ܣʮ溣ʿһǧ׼ǿߣһɿֲܹĴڡ
һը֮һͷŰֻ۾һ˾ѹס˰׼ΰĹһֻ۾һһâû֮С
֮Уһ¿һ޴ĶѨ
ĸ΢΢һǾ޴ĶѨ֮з˳
ɫ΢΢һ䣺ãͷﾹȻܹ񳲣ȥ׼Һʤ㣡
ڳʿһȻֵĴ񳲣ɫ䡣
ʱս֮ϣʿһѾȫ·磬ֳĸսλʿһûʲô漣֣ǰܾѶ
Ȩڣ
ɲ֮䣬һޱȵĹǼս֮кһ¹ᴩһڴ͵񳲣һֱӺķѡ
ڵӴ󽢶Ȼ֣ڡڹâҫһºڹǿ֮УǿֱӺƬ
ǿ
ȻһʹݻһѨ
ʲôرôǿ󣡣

ЩǰԮʿżһĻж𺧡


870 ɱ
һοȥʮͨķ䳲ڲһ乬֮ڣˣһ˿Ƿü֮Ƕһöɫξ塣һһӰ֮У˿Ŀһһ֮У淭ڣͬһ֮
ǿ϶ɢһʿĿֲ
һüǶһöɫξĺʿЦսħĻеӡܹݻ񳲣˲رļп֮Ӱӣһħ֮Ӱӡߵ棬ҪȻûô򵥡
һ޾֮еǿɭޱȵɱĽٶԶԶԽͨʿֻȼĽٶܹᲢۡضѡ֮еһˡָɵ˵ԽΪ𼶵ǿߡ
൱ʿ֮ʥʿĴڡڹ֮У𼶵ǿҲǴÿһػ
ȻǱȲ֮λܼ߰棬Ҫһ𼶵ǿͬǼ򵥵顣
ʿǿ߸ðգΪȷɱ棬Ϊ˻ñľˣýΪǿԴ
ν֮ӱܵ˵Ĵڣż񵽱콵һ˾ʵֲĴܡĴٶȻþˡ
ܹնɱһ֮ӣôܹñľˣڱ֮оͻ˳˳ˮ
ȥɱ
ڲӰ֮У˿ĿķӰǿһ䣬˲ɢ
Ǻʿǿ߸пӰ츳ǿ£ڷСӰ֮ɵԾµĴ̿͡ûз𼶵ǿҲᱻkǴɱ
ʿǿߵȷʵˣǷӰ츳Ȼ֮ͬҲд̿츳㣬ս̫̫츳Ǳȥkǵ츳Ҳ׻ܵĴڡ
Ӱ۾޹ٻķ䳲â΢΢һͬһڵĽֱӷ
ǿߴ䳲֮зɳ潢ڵλ÷ȥ
潢ӵŴ򿪣ļս˻һƬеĺ䳲ϯȥ
ĿǰѾʼеԴͶ˵ս˵Ľ֮УЩĴս˾ǿ֮ѾΪڻһĴڡ
ˣЩǿĵĴսҲӵ»ʿսӵв溣ǿߵ
䳲֮Уɳʮ溣һǧİʿʿԼһ»ʿǿеɱһ
ɳǧļսˣγһһķߣͬʱˡ
ʮ溣һǧİʿĹǿÿһγֶգ춯أһƬֱӺ÷飬ͬһһ㣬ӲĽǧļսγɵĻеնѿ
ǹʿ»ʿǿҲļս˺Χ֮£˲ء

ǹһɵʮķΧ֮ڣΪǿսìһ弶սγɵĻеʱɳʮ溣һǧİʿǿ߹ȥ
һ弶սγɵսìһʮ溣һǧİʿǿγɵļͷݺײһ
һ֮䣬мʮʿ弶սΧɱ
ʮ溣ܵƽٶҲȻòĴ߶һݻЩ弶սˣвkҲᱻЩ弶սΧɱ
溣ǿҲֱɱУ켣弶ս˺֮͵ϮŹ溣ܡ
ްǺ÷˪ǿҲ弶ս˺֮Уʱʱ͵Ϯ溣ܡ
񳲵ƶٶһҲ첻Ǽ޾ļսΧ֮£ǹǿ߷׷ױɱ
Ȼֵס񳲣
սħĻеܾšĻеܾʲôʱôǿˣ
ǿʮ溣һǧİʿǿߣǿʵʿѷһܹҲ̫ˡ

ЩȲμսʿǿ񳲵űĻеŵ£ʱһһг𺧡
־մʿŽƣʿĸ֮£ȻԵֵ
Ļеܹ񳲵ŵסΧߵļ󣬸ǿ졣
ս֮ǼսϣһޱȵĹ˲һһ֮ϣһ񳲱ޱȵĹֱ֮
潢֮ǼǼսҲâҫһ溣ʿǿֱӺƬ
Ǽս֮ڡ
ڽ֮ڣȫϢͶӰļţʣ񳲡ǲˣȫһֻľš
Ȼ֮䣬һתսħطһ¶һɫսħףһħһīȫǶʿ溣֮˵ġװ㸲ȫ
һ˲䣬ǽ֮һӰ֮УϢɳһӰӣֳһδ֪ȫ͸ذףλôȥ
ͬһʱ䣬汳Ӱ֮УᾧȼգһɺޱȵȻ֡ĺҹ׻Ӱ֮зɳֳ֡ҹذסӰӵذһ
ĺҹ׻ں˺üöǿõkûпԼͻƵΰȴҲõkսԶԶԽͨǿ飬һҲ۷壬סӰذ׵κα仯

ذһײһĺҹ׻ֱӱһɾǿУݺݵײһԣһ¶Ʒп˿ڣһενɫѪ档
ͬѾ㣡ˣ
·δ֪һ㣬һӣǡɽضܡȻ֣ɽӰȻ֣ǷӰʿǿ֮䣬һ··ӵ޾ľ롣
ǷӰʿһذ״ɽ֮Уޱȵķ֮屬񱩵ķнɽֱ飬һǰ޾ɱȥ
һĨ֮ɫһָǡɽضܡ֮ϣǡɽضܡһ±ֲУǷӰʿذһա
һ˲䣬ǡɽضܡͳսµĺۼ
Ȼ֮䣬ȻһΣޱȵĸо΢΢һ̺࣬ŷ֮ķй׵ĴϣնǡװסԼսħף֮նһ˿ڣѪɽ
ϵķǿþˣʱѾǹ׵ķնء
һĨɱһĻ˲両֣ξ֮һţһǿ׵ξ֮һǷӰǿϡ


871 ɱӰʿ
ǷӰʿǿ߶ʱоռһŤʮֹĳһűɡǹţ̺ӵξ档
ãξ磡
ǷӰʿǿɫһ䣬һֻԼ˫Ѿɡ
ξףȻϱȲʮλԼ֮λ棬ûеʿʵۼǿߡξҲǹŤޱȣͷ۵һ硣
ʥʿ򷨲֣˭޷kǵ֮ξ硣ʿǿһξ֮УǾʮΣգ
ʮ룬ֻҪʮ룬Ҿа취
ǷӰʿǿ߲սľǿߣȻȻûзֻǹһĳȣתԶȥ
ûõģע˻
һĻȻ֣һֻ۾һɫĹâǷӰʿֱȥ
ǷӰʿһҧȼԼ֮ȻγһƬӰĻԼǰ
ɫĹâһһƬӰĻ֮ϣһƬӰĻ㲻ϵĲ
ǷӰʿ棬һܣֻҪһ·Ҿͽܸ㡣
ʿǿ֮ǿޱȣԶԶԽ溣ʿξ֮У룬ô֮ĸ޷ֲξ֮иԻԴԴξ֮ĻභӰʿֻ·һֻ⡣
ʲôܣ
Ļ˿ûֹͣĮʵ
Ӱʿʿ֮Уǹڼ顣
ʮ䵭Ŷ
ʿ֮ӵڼ΢һ˶Ѿ³ûڼ飬ǸϳλҪôҵܡ
Ѿǽ֮нпأѰӵǻλԼԴǡսħڵԴսħǽ翪ص鱨֧֣ҲҵЩӵǻλ档
ӰʿһЦǸڼǴӵ֮г߲֮һ
˵ˣ˵Ǿȥɣ
Ļ׻˵ڶֻ۾һɫĹǵkڶֻ֮ͬһɫĳìһ´ǷӰʿݻγɵӰĻ֮УӰĻķݺݵĴӰĻһЦޱȵı֮ϡ
һЦޱȵıһķѣȻɫĹâһȫɡ
ǱһǼս֮УڲӰ֮У˿ĿķӰʿҲ΢΢һΣ¶Ŀ˵ϡ
濴ǷӰʿһۣ۾΢΢һȻһĨϧ֮ɫǸˣϧѾˡ
һӰʿһңСɫһӡĺɫƤף飬һ˫鼸¶پ¾ףüһ̺ŷӰӡkڵϣƽȣ·˯ʵϣkѾһûֻ꣬ʣǵĴڡ
һһӡˮȻ֣һֻֻеֱ۽ǷӰʿץ𣬷Ƿӡˮ֮ڣӳӡ֮󣬱㽫k
һڲڲͬķ䳲֮УȻһöˮһ±޹⡣
ǺʿһĨ֮ɫѼѶŷˡ
ǳʿҲž֮ɫѼѶŷǷӰǿߣͨɱշ硢Ӱ塣ɱɣһҪߣҲûмܹǸ棬֮ӣһµĹ
Ӱǹʮʥ֮Уǿһ塣ȴѲһ塣
Ӱһܹշ֮Ӱ֮еһ֣ܹ׵շ硢Ӱְ壬Ĵ̿͡
ǷӰ֮Уһʥɽһʥɽ֮Уʥʿǿߵͷǡʥɽˣһʿʵۼǿߵͷǡ
ɱһʿʵۼǿߣǷӰĽҲùԷӰηޱȡ
ǷӰͷ۵ľִƷ硢ӰĵkǾɱɣְҲѡףҪɱȴûô򵥡
ǷӰʿȻУһ뵽ʵǺʿʿбӿһ˿˿⡣
ǺʿǰˣһЩ׼ҵԪȥֻԽԽࡣ
ʿ΢΢ͷ
ԭȥͨͨڲȴǬʿķ䳲ȻǴʮһſŷ䳲Ǿͷ䳲֮зɳһٴηɳʮ䳲
溣ʿʿǿߴʮ䳲֮зɳͬˮһƺλȥ
׼군ˣ
еʿһĻжӿһͷ
սԵļʮʿźԥֱӳһԶȥ
ƺλ档
һֻûгֵĴʮ溣Ĭģ֮һָһɹǿޱȵûһ̺Ѫȥʮͨľ֮ڡ
һȥʮͨľȾǵۼرڹǵľȡ
ʮ溣ڵѸٵģҲʼøɱ
ǡڹǵľȡһ¸ֳӡâҫһģԭʧ˰׼ҵ֮⣬ͷ۾޹һ㡣
һâǰ۾޹һһ׼ΰѹƵôİ۾޹˲һı촷ۣʧ
һĻʱһÿ£ǵۼرʿǿûеۼرҲһ
ۼرǿףɱʿǿߣǻˡشʥʿǿߡ
ӵеۼرػܹ໥ţ˭Ҳ̲Է
ʮλ֮УǿơʥʿĿֲǿߡkĿŴԼռݲ֮λ棬˼ɵʿ֮⣬ĴӵеۼرػҲؼء
ǡڹǵľȡһɱ˰۾޹֣һģӴޱȵĹ֮΢΢һ㡣
һɫĹâҫƬնΪ̮֮
ٶ溣ǧʿĹǿͬ׼ҵʮͳͳ̮ȫɡ
֮һ¶һ졢ŤĶѨǶѨ֮ڣһƬûһ˿ڡ
ǡڹǵľȡͷųι֮ƺλ׼ҵʮ溣֮Уһ溣ڵĴһ»ҳʧ
ۼرʿʵۼǿ֮⣬ûܹõkǵǺųʿ֮ǿĴʥǿߣҲ޷ӳǵۼر
溣ǿҪۼرҪԼȥ
ǡڹǵľȡһģʧ
ʱһѣһӴޱȣʥʿĿֲħȻһֻ޴ޱȵĹִһץסˡڹǵľȡ


872 ħӰװ׾
ƺλ档
溣һ»ɻңͳͳʧ
ǡڹǵľȡȻâҫһһֻʥʿľ޴֡
Ѿ;ƿݣ
ֻ֮޴Ĺַһޱȵٴһץסǡڹǵľȡ
溣ȫʢ֮ʱ߶ǡڹǵľȡȫһӵвʥʿֲڵڴ溣Ѿ;ƿݵ״̬ܹһȫʢ֮ʱʥʿĿֲѾʮ˲
ж롾ڹǵľȡϵ
ƺλ֮ڣһĨ֮ɫ
ȥ⼸ʮ溣ܶữɻңˣҲ޷סǵۼرڹǵľȡ
Щ溣һתطж롾ڹǵľȡϵ
ǡڹǵľȡ΢΢һʧǾ޴ĹһץС
һֻɢͬҶһȻϢļʸһһֻ޴Ĺ֮ϣᴩһֻ޴Ĺ֡
һ̵ٴ֮ǡڹǵľȡһһ²ǡڹǵľȡ֮ϡ
һɫħޱȵĳս֮ϣǱһն룬һֻ޾ɫħƵľ޴ħȻǡڹǵľȡֱץȥ
һֻֻצӵĽɫצ֮ݺݵһץǾ޴ħ֮ϣǾ޴ħֱӺɡ
һƬѪȻ֣ǡڹǵľȡϯȥ
һʥʿĿֲڣ׷Ϊǡڹǵľȡɱݡ
һɹɿֲ׵Ƭ֮лص
Ĳǿ߶ˡǿûг֣ǿ߻ڳ˯ҲǣϾǹͰܼǿҲʮֳǵѾɣԳˡ
ǺʿһʥʿĿֲǡڹǵľȡһĨɵ֮ɫ
һĲȻǾͷ䳲֮ڴķ䳲һ׷׷ǿߣһǽֱͨӴǽ֮ͨзߡ
һͷ䳲ϷҲſһ޴ǽͨԾǾ޴ǽ֮ͨڡ
һֻǳ֮γɣһ˿˿ֲʥľ޴ָǾͷ䳲ѹȥ
һͷ䳲֮УһµŸ䳲
ǾŸ䳲֮һâҫһ˿߲һ𣬾Ÿ䳲໥γһ̬Ļڡ
һֻǳ֮γɵľ޴ָһ˲佫ǾŸ䳲γɵĹֱ̬Ӵƣ޾ǳ֮ǾŸ䳲֮ϣǾŸ䳲ֱĨȥ
һݻ˾Ŵ䳲ǳ֮γɵľ޴ָһСһ룬˳ƴǾͷ䳲֮ϡ
Ǿͷ䳲âҫһıɻҡ
ʿĿֲϢǾͷ䳲֮ڶһɫη硢һ񱩻γɵĻȻ֡
޾ǹη֮ϣһ㽫ηֱӺ飬˳ƺ޾񱩻γɵĻ֮ϣǻ˲֧顣
޾ǳ֮˳ƺǾͷ䳲֮ϣǾͷ䳲һıǹ⾻ֱýֻʣ֮һĲкٴſǽͨһԾǽ֮ͨڡ
һֻ޾ǳ֮γɵĴȻսġڹǵľȡץȥ
һʥʿȻָֻǹǿһûɱԷ׷ɱǿߵĴ㡣
ٽЩʥʿǶʮ漰Ŀֲ֮УԼʵܹȥķ
ɶ񣡲ʥʿվֻϣ
ƺλ棬鿴֮һʥʿǿ᡾ڹǵľȡһĨŭ֮ɫ
ЩʥʿǿȻѾע⵽ǹǿΧ׼ңֻҪkǵκһ˳֣ܹǿȫ
ЩʥʿǿһֳĬŰ׼ǿɱձƵöˡڹǵľȡ˰׼е֮󣬲ųǡڹǵľȡ
׼Щ겻֪Ӷʿǿȡ˶ٱǰ׼ۼرڹǵľȡ˶ߣð絶ʹѡ
׼ǿһսǴӵеۼرػһµΪͨĳһҲûвʥʿǿߵֶΡ
ûᣡ
۾һӴޱȵĻеŷ׷ɱǿߣѸٵķɻ˽֮ڡ
һ޴ǽͨȻ֣һֻӴޱȵĽֱһԾǽ֮ͨڡ
һֻһǽ磬ʱһģٶȻԶԶԽ˹٣һŤǽȥ
ûãڻָƲľͷ䳲һеǰ
ǼսڹâһһޱȵĹһǾͷ䳲֮ϡ
ѹɽǾͷ䳲Ǽսڵĺ֮£ʮ֮һĲֱֱӺ顣
Ľ֮Ǿͷ䳲֮ϣǾͷ䳲ƵĲλ룬ͷ䳲˺֧顣
ްһۣЩһһӣȻ׷ɱʿ
ǺĿһۣҲΪĵеЩܹɱʿõ˶ȻһСĿǹʿʬҲӵо޴оֵһüǮҪɱһʿǿ߾ѾʮѣڿʿǿߡǴ󵨡
ǲƲľͷ䳲֮Уٴηɳȫȱķ䳲ͬʮ溣ǿߡ߰ʿǧʿʮ»ʿǿĽֱӷ
һ˲䣬ħӡװײӣ
ħӡװײеĵ֮һħӡװײ֮ӵ츳ħӡװͬʼߵŮ
ЩħӡװͬʼߵŮһʮ֮ڣԷӳ溣ڵʵΪħӡװײټȡӣţʮ֮ڣӳ벽ʿĿֲʵ
һټħӡװײȻ콢֮зɳټȡӣǿߵĴ֮£켣һ弶ս˾֮Уͬһޱȵĳìݺݵǹǿ߷ײȥ
âҫһ𿰱溣ڵħӡװһ֣Ҫպñǿֱӱɷɻҡ
ްһħӡװ׵ŮǣĿɿڴʧе溣һ溣ǿߣ⣬ôܣսħڣսħʲôʱһ溣ܣ
ǺҲĿɿڴŲŵĹâ溣ǿ溣ǿߣôôࣿ
÷˪Ҳ֮ɫԼ۾ᣬǺᡣ浽ʲôȻܹô溣ʿ


873 ׷ɱʿ
溣ʿųƴܣÿһ溣ʿʿ֮У֧֮λ涫꣬ӵе溣Ҳһ
澹Ȼóһ溣ǿߣʱ÷˪ĿɿڴԼ۾
÷˪ްǺǳ֣Щȥ׷ʿ
õģ
÷˪ǿ΢΢ͷǹĴֱӷӶȥɱǹǿߡ
һֻ׷ĽҲȻ룬һս֮⣬һֻӴĽһ·룬սâҫɱЩΪڻұصĹǿɱȥ
âҫԦһǼս׷ᣬĺһŲƵľ񳲡
һƬƬ鲻ϴǾ֮б飬·ɽ
֮ǼսϣһޱȵڹǾ񳲺ȥ
Ǿһ¸ֳԼһ޴ޱȵĻϡ
һޱȵڹһºǺ֮ϣһᣬŽǺܺ飬ձǻֱӵס
Ǽս֮ĸƹǻ֮ϣ˽һӲŽǻֱӺ顣
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ŸԴԴӿ΢΢һ¶һصЦݣˣħ̻ϰٺѧ԰˻ˡ
˭
ӣ֮³һʮϤ֣ĿĶס棺š
һ£·˵һİһ䵭
űѩķӦ֮һ²µࣺȻΡ˵ѾԭΡ֪һħ񣡡
Դ͵Ŀ˰һۣңǴȥɡӦ֪ĳѨİɣ
¶һŮЦݣǣˣʹȥ
ϰٺѧ԰ɽһߵľ󷿣һֻֻɫѻ߷֮
һŨǾ֮ͨ󷿵ĵ·ȫڱΡ
ŴԶŨ֮ǰǰǸҲǹ֡
Ũһָž棡ûϵȥε·ֻһףҺü¶Ũ֮·
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浭һЦ䣬һƬŨֱӱʧ¶ͨ󷿵ĵ·
Ũ·СֶΣһʿѧͽҲͨҩѧ෽ŪֶΣ溣˵һͿȥ
֮һĨ֮ɫһǿޱȵħ
˴֮ͨǰ
飡飡飡
ǹǰ󷿵ͷ˼ǹ֮ϣƿ˴š
ֻ룬ڷһ޴ޱȵļ̳Ǽ̳빩ħһħӵһͷȴʮֹĳֻ۾һħһһֻǣźɫƬɢһ׺Ϣħ
ħ̻ŷһħ׷Դ׷ݵħϣħĲ¡ħ̻ͽڽ֮ʱͬʱħ
Ǿ޴ļ̳ǰˣǵĿжĬعġһдҲû˿ҡ
תط˫һתΪһ̺ӡרſӸ顢ħħԴħͫȥ
ħֻһ΢Ϊ塣ħʵɲ⣬Ӧǿ顣ħ񡢴ĸ飬ôkǾֻǿ飬ҵв󡣡
Ǹ񻰴˵֮Уһ֮ħԼkħͳͳشĺħλµĴڡkӦӵʿĿֲ˵һΰ顣о
Ӱ˽⵽񻰴˵֮УԭħԼkµħ֧ء
ħʱ綼ӵеkǵ
ħ̻Ŵ֮һеĲƸءȨ
ǲ֪ĺħԾԵһٻħԼkµħ
ħ̻ҲǺħĨȥ˴󲿷ֻ֣һСֲд档
һξ춯صս֮󣬺ħħԼkµħ伣
Ҳûһķչ
ħ̻ʮĽ̻ᡣħ̻ʩչһЩ֮󣬱ྫӢ룬ʱǿĳ֮һ
Σ㣡㻹û㣡
ܿһĿ࣬òӢһͷ̷ü֮ȴһ˿˿һ棬бһĨЦ
濴һ۵ԭ³
ûһļ񣬼ȻΰʥŮ¸ף͸һûɱ㣬һΣˣûܹȵ㣡
һĨĹâһǴһȦһƬƬɫƬ֣ͬħһȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ȴûгֹ
ħ̻һ¶Ц
飡飡飡
ǹɺԥǹ
ӵӵϣӵĺɫƬһ˿˿ѪȴûнɱƣɢһɸײеϢ
ʹģϣ
һĨײ֮ɫһתǹֱȥ
ӸոһʮֹգħɫƬޱȵʧ٣һĲš
άУ
άУôˣ

ħ̻ͽһĻɫ䣬С
֪ߵغϣ
һЦ΢΢һֱڰ֮һŤըѿɢ䡣
ħ̻ͽ΢΢һһ±޾Ŀ־֡
ûκʩļҲûκηάоУֶμֱŵ˼㡣
̷ħʥŮţδˣܸܹʶ
һųޱȵЦݣ崿ʥȻһ䣬欣Ըˣ̲סҪ§뻳Уһ׷
żһĻ̲סһ˿ʣˣ
һʮֹĳǰĿָһָüĵȥһΣԤһи֡
Ҳ
б޾Ŀ־֣˫֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡһԹĹħ˫֮Уһû˴ŵڡ
ԭֻһͨ˵ĴϢʱڽ˲ﵽʿĵزһ˿˿ʿĿֲ֮л
ΰ
ħͽһӦǴŵϢʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ˵ϣĳʫ
΢ķˣ㣬֮ʥŮ𣡣
˫ۣӿɢһɵǰ棬
ǹɱǿֲһѹһ¹˵ϣɫ԰ףɪɪ
һ±һɿֲ׵ѹƣ·Ҫڵϡ֮ӡȦâһһǿޱȵӿػһ˲оůҲΪ塣
Ȥһ΢ҲҸô˵㣬ûԼɣ
һЦ˫ħͫһ¸ֳޱȵӡһ²˴ŵĸ
֮ߣȻ˫֮Уһϵڴϵ֮һʱ¶һ˿Ц⣺ץˣ
һصݻ֮ڣ֮Ȼһ󶴣һִֻǴ֮һ½Ǵ֮еĹħץסһǸ֮ڡ
֮ڣһ֣㽫ǹħӴͬһֶ˵ϡ
ᡭ
ǣᡭ

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878 еŽ
ſ˿ǱⶪڵϵĹħٿ棬һ˴״̬ôôôǿ󣿡
ҲĿɿڴзڹ˼ǧǾħȻܹ׵Ļһħ񣿡
ǹȴ˫۷Ź⣬Ķ棬˫֮г˳֮ɫ
ǹħͽ˴͵״̬ĸӦԼԴȪǹħǾԻΪǹħŪƭǵ۷
ǹħӵԼ֮ڡʥʿǿ֣߳ûܹͨͽϵkܳ
ħι״֮ԻܵĳݡΪkӵԶ˵Ŀֲҿṩͽǿޱȵĳ֮ڵkͬһ㱻ֶڵϣڵkϵع⻷ʧ
ǹħͽҲԼо·ʲôǵб
ħӵֱ֮һ񣬹λˣΰħħµĹħ֮ǰðˡ
ǹħͽǿԼŷ˱ϥһҡ
ɨһ۹ħ񵭵ȥħˡ
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ʵһԶǿͬ׵ʿΰһȼôֻЩС磬طܹ֮⡣
Ϊΰǿǿֲ浱ǹİ۾޹־Ȼһǿ鵲סŻ𺳡
ħ¶һ˿η֮ɫkΰǿߡһΰ֮е۷ǿߣkǹһ˴ħ֮ڣħһһش
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治üͷ΢΢һ壬֮ɫ
ӵеշÿһ֮жִƵ֮Ȩܡŵر
Լ֮ڣԽǿˣĻԼӳԼ֮ţԼ֮ս
һ˵һΰһǿѹľΰ顣
Ǻħǿħħһһشֻܹ˵kǿԶԶʵԶԶͨΰ֮ϡ
һĨ֮ɫǿǺħʵ˵Ѿﵽ˰ʥ֮
ʿԼʥʿ֮䣬һ磬Ǿǰʥ֮ǰʥȻʿֻǵkǵʵԶԶԽͨʿһ˿ʥű֮Ϊʥ
ҲֻǰʥĿֲǿ߲ܹǿǿ֮ŵΧ֮£شǿ顣
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ħ¶һ˿ħk̫ţһս֮УkȻشħԼǣǵkҲͬشӴ֮ߣ֪١
΢΢ҡͷ
ʿǿΪǿĴڶϲһˣѰһԵԼʵ
ӹħĿԼԼĿǰѾյ鱨ǺħӦþһĿӣӶԴǿߡ
ΪħӳԣԴˣŻǿǿǿش
磬Щħ֮⣬ûǿڣ
ħһᣬҡҡͷûˡ
΢΢һЦǾͺðˣ
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Ĭģһ㣬ӡȻɳӡӡ֮зɳγһǹħȥ
ħɫ䣬һ·ȼһɿֲӵk֮ɫħ֮ڣͼֵӡʴ
ǹħɢһ˿õkͽԼֱˣһѪ
ĸо֮ȦԴԴϵӿǿޱȵػߣֵǹħʴ
ŵĿϣ˳ݺ;ηħ񡣹Ȼǿ󣡿ħǿ󣡣
һɲ֮䣬ǹӡ˲ǹħü֮УӲĽǹħȫƿء
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˹ԥһ˲䣬ߺںţ۶˰գֻڰ
ʮ˫ս֮ϻںĻļսɨȥ
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ǿվָӲ֮У˶ɫ԰ףſ־֮ɫ
ٶ˫սѾǰӳǸܹԱǿһֻվһֻվȻһ˲ͱݻ٣Ǵĸڵǿֱŵ˼㡣
µǣЩĸڲֻһܣܡ
յɫ԰ףȻ뵽һܣʱ΢΢ô£ѵ𣿡


879 ݲӳ
֮ӵڣ񻰴˵֮УħǴһٻħ
յΪվ˾λȨءȻҲħ̻ĴڣҲʶһЩħ̻֮еĳ󣬶񻰴˵оŲµ˵ͷϡ
ʵҲıյ²ˣ˵ȷȷʵʵһˡ
ϰٺѧ԰
һܼܲߢս˴ǰ
ſһܼܳƻϢһۿȥײʵĲߢսˣг˼ЩǻˣдС˵֮Сδ֮еĻˡ
֮һĿƼ·֮󣬾ѾС˵ҿʼδΪģ˻С˵Ĵ˾С˵ұµ֮һ
һܼļսԶԶ˲С˵֮Ļ̬ðʮ˷ܡ
ĿһĬĬΡ
Ǹк࿴һ۶ʮֺߡֻɨ˴һۣҲûжעڶۡټǺȻֵļսˣȻѾǹȥΡ
ȥ磡
̤һһܲߢս֮ϣһ쫷һŰŷɵߡ
ħһ¸һħߵͽԼǹһһܲߢսϡ
һ޴֮Уһܼܲߢս˴󲽵Űεķȥ
찡ʲôˣޣħϣǻˣ
ˣС˵֮еĻˣ̫ˣ
ѧ㣬ǻվŵǰѧ㡣ˣݡ
ΣôͰѧһ𣿡

ϰٺѧ԰֮ڣЩѧϰѧǶڵĴ֮֮ʱľ֮һ߿˹𾪡
Щߢսÿһܶشһٶңǻ֮ڵķϵͳǿߵϢ
֮Уǲߢսж֮ʱľ޴ӴУЩķϵͳ״̬Щߢս˵˼ҡǵҪߢսһһˡ
Ӵ֮пվһС΢΢һףǸθ磬ôѧһ𡣡
ʱǲӳѾҳһƬֵ֮ϵԿѵȺȴԼļ͸һ϶͵ЩļսγɵĴ
ʥµ۹߾ţ𣬲ӳǴҵ߾ƿ֮Сߣɱ⡣
ӳڴʥµ۹߾߾ƿ֮Уκɱ˷Ż𡢼°ߣɱ⡣
һܼܲߢսڲӳ֮УĴɢά
һĹâҫЩûɱ˷Ż𡢼°ӵıͽֱӱƬ
ӳǰ׶ڳפһֻٷӦӡ
ĻеŸոǼεǰһֵ֮ϣ㿴ǽֵ֮Ѿɳγɵļ׹¡
һֻֻػǹγһªأǹڶ׼Ļеš
𣡡
һٹޱȵ֮£ػǹʱ£ӵγһƬһеĵĻǲߢս˷ɨȥ
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ڣ
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ɵ𣿡
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䣡䣡䣡
Ǿ޴֮ʱо̳֮֮д뻮һĻеŴӱը֮л֮߳һ˿۶ûС

ЩĹ
ôܣ
ħϣЩѵɱ𣿡

ǰսʿһž֮ɫʿһ½͵˵׹ȡô޷˺ԷֺĿֲ۶ôľӶ
Ͷɱɱ⡣
Ǿ޴Ļ֮д
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һֻٷӦӵͳ˧ٽһĨɬһ̾һ˿սʤ˵Ŀܣսʮսȥֻ·һ
ָӲ֮УеľжһĨɬ;
꣡
һһֻǹ׼Լ̫Ѩ۶˰
飡
ָӲ֮һ¶һʬ塣
ٵûκáǿٷӦӵ֮УһͶİ졣
ʮս˽շ²սǸͦĴԼε
ǰͳᣬ𾴵ҿðͶϣƴĹ񡣡
һŶ̷ʲһȺԱĹ֮£ǰ
ǽֵ֮ϵսѾʮǿڶ޷˺ֺĿֲ˸ǰֵܹĴڣ֮һսʤԷĿܶûСʮֹϵѡͶ
΢΢һЦЩȤζͨӽ𣬰ͳΪʥµ۹ܶߵĳš
Ŀ˰һۣǣˣ
Щ㱣ҲһҰĲŮˣӵо޴ƿҰҲǿ˷ѣһ̳ˣ̳а󹫾ľλΪһŮ󹫡ûԳΪˡ
Ҫ֪֮һֳر鲼磬ųղ۹
ܿ찴ͨȫͶҲʥµ۹֮ڣΪʥµ۹
ǲͨһǰ֮Ȼ󲨣ɰʮ߸ݷ׷ͳֱӷϳͳûЧ
ݣһӪ֮ڣһͺЩһơƶǵӿ·ռʿǣ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǸȻͶʲôƨʥµ۹޴ҲΪ޴Ҳпܵͳı
·ʿǴλ¸ҵʿǣǸݵݳɭͳǰңɭǣǸ֧ͬͳͳϽ̼ܣ꣡
꣡
·ݵսʿҲѪڣе
棬м𣡡
һܾĻеǹԶǾӪϷޱȵĵӺϳ


880 ս
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ǻڵɨ֮£·ŵݵսʿγɵķʱըѿѪɽ

ǸݵľǷĺš
ݵսʿеĲǹղϵ
ĵǻеǹſķ֮ɿ˿޷˺ǻеǹֺ
еǹ֮СսλҪڵ磬ѹһЩС壬άΰս
ǻеǹֱֵսԶԶ粻ߡعҫսǿᣬڻҶ㲻ϡ֮ԿԴڣΪṹ򵥣ף۱ˡ
Ŀǰһ֮ھͿһǧеǹսλҾǿĻеǹսҲСǿʿֻеǹս֮УڻҶ㲻ϡ
ڻҶ㲻ϵĻеǹЩսʿǰȴͬ޵еĴڣһ㣬ոǵ
ɭ֮еĻеǹž֮ɫʲôĹôֵܵס
һһɭԴ㱻ֱӺ飬һʬ嵹˵ϡ
ǻڵǴ⼰ڣһγɵ΢΢һϣ֮Уûһˡ
һܻеǹȫʿ֮֮йâһʮܻеǹ
һܻеǹıϣһ󹫾еĹԱ·ǱӪһۣ΢΢һǿ£ݵûˡ
Աָ֮£ǶʮܻеǹγɵĻеֱӿǸݿʼӹܸݵĴȨ
ǿֲޱȵĻеѸٵŰؿȥЩ䵱άΰĻеǹ׵˰ľ
ð󹫾ԼͳɳԱѸٵĽӹһݵĴȨЩݳȫɵ
ʱ䣬ϵķıȫѹ
Ļеǹڰĸطΰά֣ͬʱ̬ĻҲ˰֮УΪĴ֣ƿ
֮ӵǸҵļѸٵͨ籨һл㱨硣
ʱ綼Ϊ֮𾪣еĹҶĻ̻̣˻֮С
Ӱ֮кܿ췢һ籨ͨȫ硣
ʥµ۹Ϊʥµ۹ͳ֮µĵ
ʥµ۹ǵ۹սǵ۹Ͷ
ʥµ۹ά˹̹۹սά˹̹۹Ͷ

һ籨֮Уʥµ۹йսĹͳͳͶ
֮еĹҶ˷֮УΪһ籨ңΪһ籨շת࣬ҹߡ
ǵ۹۹֮һۺϹ𰲼ֻѷһ֡
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ǵ۹֮еĴǶһĬ
ʥµ۹֮ǰ˸ȫսǾɵӺͷӡǵ۹ʤһİ֮ѹһ뵽ֲʵ˱㲻
ǵ۹ڰ֮ҲмǼ֮з鱨ֱ˲š
ܻ˾ʹݻ˰һݵľӣǽֵ֮ϵЩֲףǹĻˡ
ǵ۹ҵ鱨ϵͳ˼ν֮󣬲ȷ˱ļûбѣǷʵ鱨
ȷ֤Ǹʵ鱨֮󣬲ǵ۹سǸӾ
ǵ۹ľʵ밲ľʵ¡ľܻ˶ɲǵ۹ҲܸɵܻˡֲǣЩ˲ǽֻһܣǳɰǧţë
ʹ֮ЩǿɵĴһĬ³˹üͷ΢΢һ壬ε̾Ϣһ
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£ǷΪζԸʥµ۹оǣֻҪӦһҿ԰Ըʥµ۹
һЦ֮ȻӴ֮дһ紵Ǵλһ³һ𷢱ۣüӵһӡǵĿӡ
ͻأڻʹ֮еӣڳд󳼶ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǻʹ֮ɭޱȣǵ۹ľսʿǸܹϢĳ⹬֮Уֱš
ǵ۹üͷ΢΢һ建ˣʲôˣ
΢΢һЦħ̻ħӲ̹
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ʣڳдǶ΢΢һ
ħ̻ڹȥ֧£䣬ʧħ̻űʧʷ֮С
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̹΢Цħ̻Ϊǵ۹Ḷ́ҳ̨һϵзߣħ̻׳󡣡
κһ̻й֧֣ԼμѸٵš׳
³˹ԥһ£ӦãҴӦ㡣ֻҪħ̻ܹҹʥµ۹Ҿħ̻Ϊ̣ҷħ̻ᡣ
ħ̻һչ׳󣬽ȨضʴȨ³˹Ҳħ̻᲻ʲôöھֹʣҲħ̻Կǿֲ׵ʥµ۹
Ȥƾ㣬Ҳҿ𣿡
һЦ֮ǻʹ֮ڣռ΢΢һŤһȺɫ֮ǻʹ򿪣滺Ĵ֮˳ЦĿŲ̹
һĻǵ۹Ļʵ۱Լ۹سɫ䣬ȴû˸
ĳʽԶԶǵ۹˵󣬼ֱħ
̹ɫһ䣬г˼ɵ湧ħ̻ħӲ̹ʸʲôˣ
ÿռɴԽգ룬ֻħӵеֶΡ̹Ȼ֮ӣǱ黹ǲԶˡ


881 ħ
濴ǲ̹һۣһ˿溣Ŀֲѹ̩ͬɽһݺݵѹ˲̹֮ϡ
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浭㻹ûʸҶԻŷ˵
ǸղŻŷ³˹ǰĲ̹ʱɫ䣬Щϥǣ¡ϵΰ񡣡
̹ü֮Ǵߵӡâһҫ·ͨڤڤ֮һ˼Ŀռ䣬Ǹռ֮У޾ء
ǿֲޱȵһ˿Ǵ֮еķ˶ɫ䣬ĵһɿ־壬׷˵ϣϵĲ
ǼʮػʹҲһ˿һѹڵϣɪɪ
һɫʥڤڤ֮еĿռ䣬Բ̹Ϊ֮ͨγһף𷢱ۣɢһ˿˿ǿĿֲħ
ǽħƳһۣ˫֮һĨâػ߽ħߣǵػΧҹ磡
Ȼô˵Ѿָǿǿ飬Ҳûɱ
һĨɭޱȵɱָһץһֻ޴ƾն֣һħֱץȥ
ߣȥ
һħӰʱŭһŭХݻһֻ貵Ļƽȥ
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ɾǿһǴ֮ըѿǽħĴֱӱһƺ飬Ǿ޴˳һ˽ħӰ֮ϣǽħӰֱӺñ顣
ߣҼסˣ
ǽħӰڱ֮ǰһ˲䣬һŭޱȵһɫȻۣһƽɫӡӡȥ
Ѿǰˣ
һĨâָһһ߾Ȼɳǻƽɫӡһ
߾ķ֮£һƽӡûп棬Ѿճɻҡ
Ϊ溣ǿ֮󣬾һЩʿҲһսǿʩչ׷ӡҪճϣܣǵkӵһЩΪ
һץǽħûɢӰ֮ץһ˿ɫԡ
ӡȻɳһ㽫һ˿ɫԶӡ֮ڡ
ӡ̥ۼطħ񱦵䡿Ƕ顢ħħħЧط
һ˿ɫһûӡ֮УϢ
ɨ³˹һ۵ʥµ۹Ļʵ棬Ͷ
ղǽħֻ֣סڳˣڳķûһܹ¡
³˹ɫ䣬ջһ̾ڵϹǵ۹Ը³ӱµ־
һǰӹǵ۹
һĨ֮ɫһţֻһ
ããǿ֮У̧ͷǿ֮еǳȥһĨ֮ɫѾɨһΣûзֵkĺۼ⣬ֻһܣǾǵk֮ڣɨ衣
һʿܵʱ򣬾ѾǼսʹķȫֻҪһľ֮ڣǺʿ;԰ѲǼս
Ȼãã֮УӵǿصĴڣǹӵʲôǿرǼս
ǺʿǼսkڱ׷ɱʱ򣬾Ӧʩչڱ׷ɱû˺ۣ䡣
֮УҲֻ¾ף̺İǼս
һλΪĳ֮ȨΪǣĵرᾧΪѪ⣬ķƶɵı
ʱԽã֮ͶԴԽ࣬kǵԽǿһһ΢еҲ̤롣
濴յһſǳһĨɭޱȵɱǾȻôǰɣ
ǳ֮УһǼս֣Ŵ򿪣һǼսǼǼսĸǼս֮зɳ
ԾſƼյڿƼ֮УǿһֺڿƼԾſƼһǣֻҪĳӵһԾŵսһᣬͻսԼ֡
һֻӴޱȵĽӸ֣һƬǿֱ֮ӷȥ
ûãһֻӴޱȵĽӱһƬտޱȣʲôû֮ڡ
Ǽսڹâ΢΢һһޱȵĹֱһºǿһ֮С
һȻ֣ԭһ֮Ȼһž޴ޱȵǳ
ǳȻâҫһޱȣ̺ŽշǿȻ֣Ǽսڹһºǿޱȵķ֮ϡ
̺Žշǿһı飬һֱӱǵڶٴ֡
Ǽսڹһ䴩˾Ų֮󣬱ľʧ
һֻӴޱȵĽӹâҫĸڹͬһǽշ֮ϣֻһ˿˿Ƶһ綼첻
ǿһͨǿҪĿǰʵҪʮʱ䡣ħݻٹһΣȻǿǽħû֮ǰǿ֮Ĵڡ
濴ڻ֮еĽһĨâѸٵ˷
ĹȣյķֶΣֲס
ԹõķǽڷĽ̻Լŷkķͳͳɱһһܹ֮бƳ֮⣬һս
һǻͳͳҲֻǻǰᾧϼꡢǧꡣҪٶȽ飬Ǳݻնɱ֮ڵ鱾ΪѸ١
Ȼ֪һ÷ȴ޷ʹãֻܹѡķΪһǺʿȫָָȫʢʵ͸ܽkնɱ
һһӣͬһɳһ°ǽħ֮ϡ
߷һ̣Ǽ᲻ɴݵĽħ֮еԼ֮Ѹٵɣʴһ󶴡
ӣǽħķɢȥڲ¶Ұ֮ڡ
ߵֲ̫ħһֱſ磬ʱkᾧͻᱻһաûᾧǽħսᱻֹһȨ֮£kϵķſ硣


882 ֮
ǽħµ֮ţȤ
֮⣬ǽħ֮ڿȥֻǽħ֮ڣǻŽӡʮףɢһɫâս
ʹϲʹõͨսʲôĻ֮У鶼ʹòͬʹ֮첻ͬ͵ʹ
ʹΨһ֮šǷλ棬̩̹ϲʹӢӢս
̩̹Ӣѡȡ̩̹۹֮иʱӢ۽ǵӢתΪӢ顣ЩӢ鲻ӵǰս䣬Ӣ֮вϵսɱԼʵ
Ӣ֮ڵӢһųȥÿһ֮Ӣ֮еӢۡǵսͳɳԶԶԶʹΨһȱǣЩӢҪĵҲʹҪö࣬һӢĳɱҲʹöࡣ
ǽħȻǵõһ֮ŵս췽Щƾһ㣬ӡս

һ龭ǿļս˱ͬˮһӿǽħ֮ڡ
һֻֻǿ̽Ҳûǽħ֮ڡ
Щǿ̽һħ֮ڣ˷ƮɢȥЩһ֣ʼŽħ
ǿ̽߱ǼӵǼֵ֮ˡԴǵ;ͬʱӵнṹԵսҪá
ħ43.6%Ƕķǽշ򣬷ϵķִƽշ֮ȨܵӵԶͨķǿĸֿԣƶٶһͬ
һһϵеϢ鱨ǿ֮̽з
浭һЦ43.6%Ҳ˵ħûдӺħĴ֮лָȻϡ
Ǽʱ䣬浽ռʱӡ֤ħ鱨ռʾħ񵱳ȷʵ⵽˺ħشǿ֮к顣
Ȼļ԰շݣͬҲгܼޡǺħǰʥľǿߣħҲͨǿkǵͱֱӴ򱬣Ǻħɵˡ
ޱȣӵַ˼ĳ޸ͬʮѣҪĺᾧ
ħڵħ̻»ʱ䣬ǵʱܹṩħֵ֮һᡣǽħλҲոᾧʱ֮ڻõᾧҲԲ̫ࡣ
Ļ֮ϣźԥȻŽħǿн
ļսԲߢսΪȷ棬ɲ֮ǽħЩͬһ֮ǰӶսնһͬһ֮ϡ
һ̶ޱȵն֮Уһͬһ֮űǲߢսֱն飬ɫѪҺء
ôܣҵĽվˣԶԶԽʹôܱЩеôն飡
ǽħ룬һƽ֮ڣǻɢſֲϢĽħɫ䣬
Ǿ޴ǻƽ֮вϵ𵴣γһɹǿޱȵĳǿʿǿǽħᱻɷ顣
վǽħʹⷨƶɵ֮ţÿһͷվ˵ķֲޱȣ΢ҲҪķѲСܹ֮ɵ
ǽվ˾ȻЩߢսնƬʱǽħ˷ŭͬʱһ˿־塣
һҫսԣеսǰҳսĵնɱ
ħ񻷹ܣֻԭüõ֮Уֻʣսһˡ鲻ںħУ˳֮С
һϣǸ߸ɵ
ħһĨâ߸߾һǿȨȡȼ
ǽ֮Уҫ֮еͳͳȡתγ˽շ֮
ǽվ˵ϣһųһӡһȦȦƽɫĹâڵkǵϡ
Щߢս˻ӵնǽվϣֱӽЩվնһ޴˿ڣȴ޷k˲նء
Щվǽսֳ־޴ݺݵĺЩߢս˻֮ϣЩߢս˺ķѡ
ͬʱЩվ˵˿ҲǽɫĹâ֮УܼٶѸٻָš
һսһս֮ϣȼս֮һӣһǿޱȵĸԵkΪģһ˷Բ֮ϣӳЩվ˵֮ϡ
Щվ˻˸ָļӳ֣ٶȡָٴһȼ
濴ǽվٴλһЦϧôЩվ˵ıʻ̫ˣҵĻеŶ֡
Щվÿһս޽ӽǿʿĿֲսkǵķԽǿʿǿߡ
ֻЩļǿսÿһܶս׺ף»ʿԶԶЩվ֮ϡ
ļսӿǽħ֮ڣΧɱǽħµĽվˡ
ħոողãkµĽվҲֻʮ
ʮվļս˵Χ֮£ÿʱÿ̶ڱ顣
Щվ˴ݻٵߢսϵԶϣγµߢս˼һͷͷվ˺ɷ顣
һŭ֮Уǽħһ±Ϊһߴ׵Ŀֲˣkֳһ׵ľ޴һ³ļսȺ֮УӶǳ׵ľ޴Щļս֮ϡ
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޴ıը֮ڶһħͬһ𲻰ܵħһ㣬ÿһκֻ̺Ҫ޴Щļս˻֮ϣеһжᱻ촷ۣЩߢս˾ٴ鶼첻
̶ʮ֮䣬ǧļս˱ǽħֱӴݻ١
Ŀ䣬Щļս˷ֱǽħԼеսɱȥ
еսļս˵Χɱ֮£һ˿˿
սǿޱȣͬ㣬ҪᾧȼգܹЩάǿ״̬
ս񡢽ħոѲãᾧ㣬ųֵơ
ЩѾӵʮ飬ҪڶʱںľkǵᾧǼֱǳ˵Ρ
֮֮УǼսڹâһһޱȵĹһºǽħ֮ϡ
ǽħһŭ𣬷ȼ֮ӡ֣޾û˵k֮ڡ


883 ܽħ
ǼսڹɢǸߴ֮޵Ľħʧֻʣ塣
ƬѪǽħ֮ɢء
һĻ̾ÿֲķǺųƷһĽħ񡣡
ǼսһھͿԺɱһʿǿߡǹʿǿҲӲǼս
ǽħǼսһȻû䣬ֱ졣
ļսͬһɵǽħ߻ӵǽħնȥ

һߢսпնʿսȴ޷նǽħļ
󲿷ֵߢս˴ǽħǼս˺ѵ˿֮˽ȥնǽħ֮ϣǽħ˿˺ѵøӾ޴
ߣҪɱ㣡
ǽħһŭ𣬻һ±һɿֲӲĽ֮еߢսɣɢ׺ޱȵϢ֮ȥ
ǽħʮһ뿪kʵήֹ֮ڣȵkĽվ˾ű֮󣬵kһս񱻺Ҳֻʱ⡣
ǽħΨһĻ·ǴݻһǼսֱӺɱ

һսһŭ𣬷ȼղᾧһ»һս֮
ǵսǰļս˶һս֮նɷ顣
׵硢׶ȸֹһºսս֮ϣս֮òϲһενɫѪҺս֮ϵ䡣
һ»ħ»ʿǿߵĹǶʿǿҲܹһ˿˺
һսս֮ļս˹൱ڱ»ʿΧȻ˲ᡣ
ֻһޱȵĽҫսս֮նļս˵Χ֮⡣
һЦ޴ļһǻ֧žһ㡣
Ǽս֮Ŵ򿪣弶սȻɳͬһޱȵĳìǽħսֱϯȥ
һ֮䣬һֻսͱʮʿعҫΧ˺Ƭ
ҫɱֳҫսݺݵնǽħϣնһСС˿ڡ
ǽħŭ𣬻Ӷ޴Щҫɱߡعҫ弶ս֮ϡ
Щ弶ս˵ƶٶȡӦԶļս֮ϣ˫֮һĲࡣǽħÿһȫֻܹݻʮ弶սˡ
弶սͬײеоһ㽫ǽħֱ֣ɡ
ըԼɫѪƬƮͬʱǽħŭ֮
ҵսӣ֫նϣ˺۵Ľħ㱻弶еܣץǰ
ħּˡ
ڽ֮ڣѾָεĽħЦЦ
ħɨһۣһĨмЦʿֻ֪еսʲô£б£һսܹҵ֮սʤңҾͳ㡣
ң°ܽҸҪϣֻҪķӣΪЧ
һЦĬģһָ
һöӡȻ֣ӡӡ֮и֣γһӡһ´ǽħڡ
ǽħŭƴȻֵסӡӡʴ
ӡħӡΪԭͿطħӡǡħ񱦵䡷֮мרſħڵľطǽħô޷ӡʴ֮аУձǹӡʴȫ
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һ֮ԭѱԵޱȵĽħ˫֮ӿһĨҫѵ֫һ·ɻԼ壬䵭ޱȵһ
ԽħĽǱɱkҲԲܳ档ǵkشֱ֮ӡʴӡĿ֮£ֻܹ泼
ħ֮Ǿ콾kġħ񱦵䡷ֲܿףӵ泬ħӡħĿǡ
ħ֮ƾħӡܣɨ£ħħǹkߣֱ֮С
ħ֮ȫʢʱӵʮ񹩵kߣ졣
Ĵֻܹڴμλϵλ浮һڴμλ浮һλ޷ٵ飬е򶼻ᱻռݡÿһҲǿᵽ˼㡣
ÿһԼıλ֮Уս൱ڴʥǿߡһЩԪƾãǿᵽԼ֮սʿʵۼǿߡ
ʱ֮֮¶ûĴڣħ֮Ŀֲɼһߡ
ӡ̥ħӡȻǸħӵǿĿЧħǿҲ޷ֵ
濴ǹվǰħ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ڷλ棬һǿоѾǸ߲ʣǿޱȵĴڡһǿ鶼ѾΪˡ
ǰһǿ߽硣Ϊػߣ֪֪ȥ
նɱǺʿǰĿꡣ
ħ˼һħħ
ʿһ·׷ɱ˿ûԼϢһͷ֮СǿĴڣΪػߵĽħ
ӵػ磬һ֡ʿ֮еǿߣҪǱнһӵػ֮ڣҲʩչطԼıʺꡣ
סԼϢ֮󣬲Ǳ磬һΪΣûĹ
ħ꣡
ħ˫֮һɫĹâ˫֮УγһɫԲ
һ󣬴ǽɫԲ֮ħԺ֮С
ϵ̣Ŀħ
ǽħ֮Уս˷׷׷ɻأûһս֮ڡ
һʿعҫսԼս֮һ·ɻأ֮档
һֻӴޱȽǿ֮зȥܿһǳ֮ǰ
Ǵĸһλħߣػ硣ǰ˵кιɣ
ǿ֮УȻһԸУòɢһɴ顢Ϣ𷢱۵ľŮԼһֻ۾ħĽȥ·֮ϡ
𾴵ĴĸǰΪ׷ɱһײħ񡣵kħ֮ڡѵkңҿ뿪硣
һâҫȫϢͶӰһ³ǿǰ


884 Ķ
ǿû֣Ի취̲磬ǿԼøԴ
ǿ֣ŽһпŽǿߣǲ֮ߡ
ħ˿ԻĻᣬҲᶯԼĻеһٴݻ˽ħkܡ
ħֻ۾һʲô˵kҵkҵȥ粻ӭ㣡
Ȼȥɣ
ҲһһڵĹȻһħͶӰ֮ϣħͶӰֱӾ
ĸ֮һĨâһߣػ硣δҲ̫Ե˰ɣ
ƲԳԷƣ
һڵĹȻһº˴ĸͶӰ֮ϣǴĸͶӰֱӺ÷顣
ħͶӰͳͳ֮ӴޱȵĽǿ֮мȥ
һſռ֮Ũ֮򣬵ɭ䣬ͬ˼ɾ룬һ޴ޱȵ
ı֮һ𷢱ۣ绪ľŮĴĸ
Ǵĸ·վŶʮŮʹÿһʹɢ»ʿϵ

ĸȻɫһ䣬һĨŭɫһȣͬըһƬռ֮лص
һʿŮʹŴĸһ񹧾ʵʲôŭ
ĸ΢΢һ̾Ǹ߾ܾǵĺ⣬ս
ʿŮʹôҿΪսǸߵ׼׸
ĸ񻺻ʵʮֿ£ħѾѹ
һ֮ڵʹɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǽħǿ֮һƵһǽħȻسߣʵȻǿޱȡĸҲֻѷһֲĴھȻѹȻЩʹ𶯡
ΪսЩʹս֮ʱһηǵkͬҲӵмߵǻۣһεĵֻʮֲöԸ
ĸԭǴúý̸ħһ仰˫Ѿ˺ƤҲûл͵ء
ʿŮʹҵȸǺã
ĸһĨâݺֻܹ߾ȫǰȥ֧Ԯħ񣬷ħһֻ¾ֵˡ
һһɰʥǿߵλ棬һλ֮ӵԴͬʱһλ֮еְҲǿߡ
ĸҲɳǽʱĵĽ֮λѧϰȻ֪ʿͬΪǿ
˫ƾУʿпܻض̸֣Уչһϵеĸֺ˫֮ʵ޴ûʲô飬ôʿͻᶯ֣Ǹλ湥ݣռݣԼĵ̡
Ӱ˴ʿʳʱʼʿʹûֹͣ̽ԵĽŲʿҲܹ買ֶʿ
ĸһһɫȨȱ˵kСkһ㣬һɫĹâҫ֮γһȾ޴ޱȵĻɫš
һȻɫĴΪ֮šǴĸ񿪷ǿǡ֮šӵС֮šͿͨǡ֮š֮״󣬼ϱֵˡ
ħǸѾǰҵ֣һ𿹺ߡ
ĸֳȨȣһգһӿ֮γħӰƽ޲
ħ񻺻ĸҵ֧ԮֻҪŹһ٣ҿԸʮʥͽꡣ
ʥͽÿһ䱦ӵǿޱȵҶҲޱȣеĶ׸Լ̷顣ÿһʥͽ궼ƳʹĶϡ
Ƕʮʥͽȫôĸٶϵĳʹ˵һǮ
ĸƽҵֻ֮Ҫҵ֮УҾ൱վڴ֮ϣԶҲҲԶʧܡҵʵٻᱻɡҵҿ֧Ԯ㣬Ҫ֧καꡣ
ħ֮Уħ³ֱĸᡢħ˼죬ͬסĸɲ׵̤ħ
磬ʲôطĸ˿ħ񣬳ħ֮⡣
ħ΢ЦݺĸҪǱǸˡһĿ㡣ңҲ൱ڰԼ
ĸ񵭵δأֻҪҺŬ棬Ŀܡˣҷ֮λ뿪硣
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ͬʱħ֮еĺڰҲʱ޿̲ʴЩļսˡ
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֮ڣħܹĸ֪kڰһ־˵ٶʧ
ʯԪȥݻǸ
ħһĨ֮ɫһԾվţӡ˫۴ĺʿȵ
һʿһ磬ͱħƭԼѹΪһ߹ޱȵĿܱ
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ȻңȻҵ۾
ħһ·춯ص֮ħֻ۾ֱӵвͬĳ֣֮ʿǿ߱УҲᱻֱشǻɱ
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ǹһͺʯԪͱ֡
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ǡڰþħյǿɱ֮һڰ֮ڣʿǿ߶شɱ
ˣ
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ǡڰþһ´Ǻɫķ֮ϣᴩǺɫķ磬˺ʯԪ֮ϣǺʯԪ°ֱӺ÷顣
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Ȼ弶ҪҲ޵еĴڣֻҪĻеŵֵסĽ弶Ҫͬᱻݻ١

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ˣ
ħһ֮걻ȫʴ湧һ
ס֣
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ǣ
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һһǰһ³ǴĸͶӰ
ĸǼս֮ǰŵΣһ񹧹ϲɱǿУ֮ǰ飬ҸеܱǸ
濴޶˵Ĵĸƽˣĸڵػˡѡ񣬵һѡǳңҵ¡ڶѡ뿪硣ѡ񣬾硣
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浭֮࣬˺˯һѵõλ棬λ޿ԵʿǿߣһĸҲܷ
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Ҳֻдĸŵ뿪ŻһĲƸѹΡ
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Ǽս֮ڣоһǿޱȵ֮֮ϣΪһѹƵ»ʿ֮üͷ΢΢һ塣
λɵļǿ߾ʿʥʿǿ߽λʵҲᱻѹʿֵ֮طȻǺħ֮أЩԾ
ħ񹧾ǵģϣҵĺħ۴صǴ˵ء
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Ȼ֮䣬һƬī׵ĺɫ֮Уһ¸ֳһͷһ޴ڶĹǸֲĹһ֣һɿֲɰȻ֣һ
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һطһͷɢԶϢͷƽͷɢԶϢͷƽʿ۷Ŀֲһͷͬʿ۷ķ˷ɱ
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֣ô˶̫Զڣ
Ǽս֮ڣ濴һͷͷѪǿޱȵ̫Զ˷ܵĹâ
ˡЩλڳﶥĿֲڣЩѪԶŴѪһ꣬ͻӵʿĿֲӵнΪʥʿǱǴѪԶŽͬӵ˿ֲĽǱ
·ʱһ޴ıأӵⳬѪ֮Уඥĳڲ֮λѾʧꡣ
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ħû棡ɽûڣҲ֪Ǻħôȥģ
ЦǺħ˵ĵطȻЩ֮򣬵kҲط
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üͷ΢΢һ壬ջһɺ£ղһ˿ҵɰǲ
ҪԪʯɽҲûа취
΢΢һЦһӣ߱㻯һƬɫĳԪʯɽһˡ
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·֪ʲôһ㣬һͷͷŤޱȵĹӰЩֱȥ
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ǸħشʱѾûһħҺֻһЩĹӰĹڡȻħѾǶħصһͳͳɣˣȻûȵk
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һºüĶ棬г֮ɫսħȻսħ棡ɶҾȻôõĻᡣ֪ʦղգ
Ȼǲ׼ļ̳֮һͨʿѾʿŵļ̳ˡڵʿսħȣȫһȼ֮ϡܹΪʦ൱ڻһ޴ޱȵٷܶꡣ


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ڲ֮λĴѪԶͱ֮ɱˣֻһЩԶʱַ֮һЩдԶѪ
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üͷ΢΢һ建սħɲһСɱЩʿԲưոݡ
ǺޱɢޣɱҲɱˡһ溣ɢޣkҲҺԥĳֽ֮ɱ
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ʿ֮ǿƣʥʿֹһͬʱǿڻѡ
ֻ֮һħʥػһħʥûȫѡʿҵڷѣ㺣ӵеҲֵܵסĽ
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һǺʯԭʧ
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ħһʿʵۼǿߵսħڹʱҲһʮλǿλ棬ҵһʿʵۼĿֲںħۡ
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Ŀһۣζ棬ʥ֮ҶͥʥرԲܽκˡֻҪԸǰħ磬ħĺʯȡҡҾͽʥ֮͸㡣
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һޱȡģģͨͨħλ֮·ͶӰͨħλ֮·λǶͥܡͨͨͶӰֱӽλ֮·ͨλ֮·ħ硣
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΢΢һģһ֮ܲʱ޾ڰ֮УķѣǾ޴ķ϶Ǿ޴϶֮вŸԪޱȵ֮С
Ǻħ磬Ȼһ滵˵硣ʿʵۼǿߵĽǿֲҲֻв֮λһȵλܹ޸ʿʵۼǿ߽µĺۼ
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ħλ汾Դ־ܵشλȼ䣬Ȼ޸ʿʵۼǿֵ߽ĺۼλ漸Σޱȡ


895 ɱ
һɫĹâǺħԶֱ֮ɲ֮֮ϡ
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һɫĹâһºһ֮ϣһͬһһ㱻һƣֱӱ
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һųɫĻȻڶ𣬻һŻĲкһŻһедѪֱɣһķճɻҡ
΢΢һŤΧ֮һ¸ֳɢ溣ǿߣһһٶʮ
Ϊ߹ˣ˴Ŵһ˿Ͻɫƽ׵ĺ塢ǿߡkǶ溣ǿߣǻƽ׵ǿ֮ӵ溣ǿ߼Ŀֲս
һǻһ֮Уӵвݿռ֮ҫһ溣ǿߡ
һǹɭɭΧԹ긡֣嵽˼еĹǿߡ
һǸߴףӡÿһӡ̺һ˿ľǿߡ
һǻһ֮У·ܹκδڵĳǿߡ
Ϊ׵ǿ߶ӵа벽ʿϵĿֲսʵԶһٶʮӵ溣սǿߡ
Ǻǿüͷ΢΢һˣսħôôˣ
ҫһǿߵʯԻеܵʵ¡ıȴûʲô͵ϮɵҲʮ֣ʿܹΧɱɱ溣ʿʲô
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ʯ΢ЦǴֻǵǿΪ˶Կҵȣ˳֮Сħλ֮·˺Щ֮У˷ԴӵޱȵĺԴֳ̽ؾħΣأŻᱻkǶһߡ
岻ͬ󲿷ʿʵС̣ܶΪԴʲôյءؾֻҪһ֣ͻ˲ȥ̽սħڵΪʮ֮һֻʿ򣬾Ϊ֮ڵ溣ܸոǽ֮̽սλ档
ӵޱȵĺԪƾãԴȱк٣ö֮ͱðȻԸ̽ħΣյĵط
֪ħ֮ӵкʯȴԸħ磬Ϊħ̫Σգkɲħ֮С
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Ǻħ֮еĻ˵ʮ棬ڶħħһЩڰϵĳ˵ȴǵkǵáֻҪkǲʿʵۼǿֵ߽ĺûʲôܹвkǵĴڡ
ħ֮УʥʿΪ֮رȤ
汻ݻٵһƬһ鿴ȥʮͨʯ棬ʩչС˰ٱҲ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
͵Ƕʯ̸Ȼλ֮·ܻĪΣա
뿪λ֮·ǰֱӽԼһʿѪ滻ʿѪ֮мװһ溣ķ֡
һħ磬汾Ͷżرڱ֮ʯУû֮УϢĵ˵ϡ
ʯε׷ȷʵǿޱȣȴ޷Ѿڱ֮ʯڱε档ʯѾʥʿ֮ʥ۶һУܹ׵Ŀǡڱ֮ʯڱ֮
ǡڱ֮ʯȻһ͸Χһ´һ磬ǡڱ֮ʯԶȥ
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΢΢һȻ͸ޱȣϢŹǿƶķѸٷȥ
ǹǿһѾеǼֱ̽ǵkǴλ֮ʧʹֶԼĺۼ޷
Щǿһ·źħĺȥڵkǵǱ߷ȥ
һɹǿޱȵǰ¡֮ڶ
ںһ·ܹ֮ϵǾ޴ĿӶȻǹǿսµĺۼ֮⣬ûʬ壬ȻЩʬ嶼ǿˡ


896 
ǿ̽ؾȻҪö࣡
ɨΧĻһۣĬĬĸп
Χһ˿˿ʿʿڰϵϢһʿʿֻ»ûнǺħĺѾֱɱ
Ȼ֮䣬һռѷ֣һףӡûɢһ˿ħȻ֣ſںݺݵҧȥ
·𱳺۾һ㣬һץ㽫ǰƴСħץС
»ʿħߣ֮ײޱȣʿǿ߲Сıҧһڣʿ֮⣬ʿ󲿷ֶᱻֱӶħ绹Σգֲʿûռ硣
⽫ħһֱһ֮ڡ
ħǺϵȡkѪרŵطܹһ»ʿѪʿ壬ӵо޴ļֵ
ҲֻںħΣܹץħϵĵطҪkǶʮѡ
λǺñ£ħħҲܹӦǹǿߡôûȤ֣һ𿹺ЩĹ
һĶһħ֮ǵĿӡһ˫ͷıۣĿ࣬ڰӡİڶħһķԸУòľ׵Ůһ˫ɢײѪâԿȥ·ûĺ췢ӡһ뷢԰ףݿ£˫ۣüӵӡߴһ˳
ǿȻûһ˿Ϣɢһ˿˿֮п˵kǶ溣Ŀֲǿߡ
һĨЦ⣬ҶĹҲʮȤ
ǳħ֮ǵ΢΢һЦҽħǡ⼸λֱǺڱۡŮۡ׷֪γƺ
ڱۡŮȳƺڱĻʱۺȻʹ
ǿʵֲ̫ѹһУǱħǻ۹ļǿֻȻ໥ɱһ
ڵҽħ֡
ħ΢΢һЦħ֣߰ɣ
һ˿˿΢ŵĹ첨ǿǿߵ嶼˲ֽ⣬Ϣĸǹǿߵ
ǹǿӵһٶʮ溣ĿֲǿߣǺħ֮ŵײкڰϵһ֣㱻kԾԵֱӺ飬һ·ѹֱɱ˺ħ
ǿǰ潫ǿĺڰϵͳͳɱںȻвϡŹֵĳ˷
ÿЩڰϵĳ﹥һ󣬽Щ봢ﱦ֮ڣϸĹ۲˵ʵ
ħÿγ֣ҲͬǹħǿޱȵĽЩֱ
Ƕ۰ħȴʹһֺڰϵ۳һڹ⣬ЩڰϵһաֻҪǺڹ䵽ĺڰϵﶼͳͳʴҽ
ǽޱȵĺŮʮ֮ڣǽеĺڰһڵkʮ׷Χ֮ڣʧƾ賬Щڰһ㱻ͷһ¡
ɫ˫֮ųͬһĺɫâеĺڰϵһǺɫĹâ䣬ֱӿήҳӭƮɢ
׷˫۽գkһͷ׷ȴͬӵһ㣬Щڰϵոճ֣һͬ˿һİ׷ЩڰϵڣЩڰϵɸʬϡ
˳ֶ磬Щɱʿǿߵĺڰϵһֱ㱻kɱͬʱһʱڵkǵ֮ڣkǳֵĲȫڱΡ
˶溣ǿ֮Ĵڣkڶ֮ǰڱߵһУûоǰǿߡ
ħҲǿ赭дħûй¶һ˿档һ־;춯أǰǿߣkǶֻ˱ᣬ޷ںŶԷ
ȻҲĺڰϵﲻǿйأʿ溣ĳ˶ֵǰǿߡ
һ̤Ǻħоһң޾ĺڰ֣洦ɼһī׵ľ޴ڶ
һī׵ľ޴ڶʿʵۼǿ߽γɵĿֲۼǰʥǿһЩ޴ĺڶ֮УҲ˲䱻ɣʬ޴档
Ǻħλ汾ԴûܵشkԻ޸Щʿʵ۽ֵĺۼħλ汾ԴѾλڼ֮ͻȫȻҲûЩڶ
һɹǿޱȵԶ޴ıը֮ڶ
ʩչħͫ˫һ¸ֳ¹ӡǺħȥ
ǰһ޴ĺڶ֮һ·ɳһŰƴСŤһѪڣģʵֻĹ쳬ڣǹǿ߷ȥ
һĻɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨɵ֮ɫħӰöֲ࣡溣ܽ˵أ䡣
ħӰʿʵۼǿɢڰλ汾Դ֮־Ĺڡ
ÿһֻħӰɱʿвʿǿߵĿֲս»ʿµĴڣֻҪһħӰͻȫޣΪkĿ͡
һڶ֮зɳħӰ飬ͻʮ򣬲һڲϵӡ
ǹһٶʮ溣ǿ߽һƷĴ߶ָĹħӰȺ֮УƬƬħӰȺֱӺ顣
˶ʩչطȫԼϢ¾ǿֲ׵ħӰȺ
ǹǿ߼ս󣬾ͨϻ֮ǿħӰȺϺ顣
ħӰȺɱͷ֮󣬺Ȼͬһʱһͣһ
һĲȻۣγһ޴ޱȵ֮һ´ǹǿ֮С
֮ն֮£ʮǿͷ­׷ըѣһ߾ʬ
һǹǿ߾ʧ֮һս
ʯ˫۳죬ҫ죬㻹ڵʲô
ҫǿһһһöɫӡҫһķԴƶɣҫǿ߲ϳɳıҫ顿Ȼ˵kС
ʮҫǿһһööҫ顿Ȼ֡
ҫһָǡҫ顿˲ɳųһҫʥ⡣
ʮҫǿеġҫ顿Ҳϲҫһöҫ顿
ҫġҫ顿ųҫʥâʢħӰȺȥ
ħӰȺҫʥһգ׷׻һɫֱӾ


897 յ
ҫʥȻħӰȺĿǣʮʿǿ߶ܹشħӰȺҫʥ֮»ҷ
ҫԼʮҫǿҲ˲øɱ࣬Ϣһ˥ޱȡ
ʮħӰÿһǿɱʿĹڣҫܹһȫɱҲ˾޴Ĵۡ
һӰҫԼʮҫǿ߱㱻˹ǿߵλá
ҫʮҫǿѸٵ̷ʮֻ͸ҩѸٵĻָԼʵ
һɫĶѨ֮ڣһֻֻħӰٴη˳ǹǿȥ
ʯɫ΢΢һ䣬ȵǰߣ
һâҫЩǿԼͬʬ嶼˲ϣǰȥ
ħӰѾݻ٣ЩɢֵħӰ޷ֵǹǿߵĹӲıkɱһѪ·
ҲʩչطϢĸǹǿߵѸٵķɹһƬħӰȺ̾
һɳħӰȺ̾򣬴֮һ·ɳͬҳһ˷ɢȥͬʯһڵһ
ħӰĺڰϵĴֻԻŵȤ׻˺Ȥ
ϢĴƬħӰȺ֮һһȫ͸ϢĿֲǿߴӺ󷽷Ӷ׷
Щǿ߾ͨطϧȻûܹ˵顣
΢΢һں棿ȸ
ǹǿһ·ѹͷԼĿֲҲһ½ħ֮еţͳͳ˹
ħĺӵıأͬҲӵдգ溣ǿǹһˣҪħӰȺܡ
ҫǹʮʥ֮һӵʿʵۼĿֲѹˣ츳ħӰȺҲʮ溣ǿֲһٽħӰȺ䴩ǿгȥ
ʿǿ߱ħӰȺΧвҲͬᱻش䡣
ǹǿߴģһ·ɱڰϵǿʱһֱעźħǿͳͳ
ĬĬŷֵǿߣһʮߣҷֵһʮǿߣÿһ溣ǿߡ֪ûʿǿںš
溣ܲǴײˣÿһһĸ߲㡣ħһ磬˺ڰᵮʺϺڰϵĵرЩڰϵϲ֮ء
ڰϵǿڵϳħ磬ܹ֮֮ڰϵǿǰ˵ء
ͥħһҪԭҲĺڰϵǿʵ̫ࡢֲ̫溣µǿ߽һ磬ֻΪЩڰϵǿߵʳ溣ǿ߽һ磬вҲͬ䡣
ǹǿһħӰȺڵǷǰһǿߺȻϰʧһ±
ͬһʱ䣬溣ǿͳͳ׵ȥ
ʯһĨ֮ɫüɫξһųɫĹâ۾Ȼξ֮ڣտȥʱɫ䣬еҪշУ䣬档
Щǿǻһ֮һ½˵ϡ
ʩչħͫտȥֻһģģĺɫѨ֮вϵĸ֡ʧЩʹͨ鷨ĺɫѨǿߵ
ǵ֮ϣһƬīĺ֮ŻѪζǺ֮
һǿһأǹޱȵĺȻſһѪڷһҧһڱ㽫ǹǿȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ԭͨͨûһ˿ϢĺһſһѪڣǹǿͳͳȥ
һ˲䣬ʮǿ⧲֮䣬ǹޱȵĺֱɡ
ˣ
ʯȵüĵĺһųһɫĹǺһ䡣
һɫĹһǺ֮ϣ㽫ǺֱӺķѣ¶һ޴ĶѨ
ǹǿҲʩչֶΣһƬغȥ
ǹޱȵĺڸֺ֮£һ¶һ޴ޱȣɲľ޴ѨֻǱ˵ʮǿȴʧ
Щǿֻܹ޺ޱȵĶǹޱȵĺأгΡ
ǹޱȵĺħӰȺʿʵۼǿߵɢΧγɵĹ󣬲
ЩرûǹǿжôǿҲɱԭûĺء
ȻԹǿߵֻҪӵгʱ䣬Ը⸶޴ĴۣǿԽ֮ϴڵĨյ֮УûʱЩǿ˷ѡ
ʯӵж֮տȥһףͿշУ
ǹǿ߰ʯεǺħĺ֮ڼȥ
Щǿ߸ոշɳʮȻ֮䣬һɿֲ֮ĺɫħֱӴһɺɫĶѨ֮緢һ´ʮǿߵϡ
ǹޱȵĺɫħ֮£ʮǿ궼ڲϵıֽ⡣
ң
ӵ溣ǿΪĳǿһ֣ҽţӿڵkΧγһȦȦĻ֮ڣȻǺɫħֱӴϨ
ǿߵ츳ﲻ٣ԿˡΨһǷ̫Ȼǿߵķǳͨʿʮʥ֮УkǵķҲġ
ͨʱǳ㻹ûʲôͷkǵΪ˵kǵѨ
Ǿһ溣ǿһŭ𣬻һ¼ӡһǺɫħ֮ǳǿһץһӲĴǺɫħ֮˳
Ǿһ溣ǿߴǺɫħ֮߳һ˲䣬ǳǿϵĻʧ¶һԸн޵ĺ췢ˡ
Ǻ췢Ѿȫʧһ㻯ɻңʧ
ǹǿǼһĻжһĨ֮ǰǿһ̬ЩΪʲôħ졣
ɳһֻžʥǿ߶ܹܣǻûеִħѾʧأ˼ʮ溣ǿߡȥֻ»ûеִkЩ˾Ҫˡ
ʯ΢΢һ̾ߵһŻƽɫпĿǿ߹ʯǴˣǰɣ
һȺûõķ
ǻƽɫļɫ΢΢һ䣬һ±һϽɫļУ¶һޱȵǿߣһʿĿֲϢǿߵķ


898 ¶
Ƕҳɣ
ʿüɫƬâ΢΢һһɫ۾ȻɫƬ֣֮һȻ֣ɫĹԱ鲼ա
ɫĹ֮£Щʩչطĺڰϵǿ߶һһֳΣһɹǿޱȵϢЩǿ֮
汾ʩչħ񱦵֮мŵħȫڱԼϢɫĹ֮ȻͬѩһȫֳΡ
ӹһĨ֮ɫĶ취жϵر޷ֵkĶ졣
ھżرڱ֮ʯĹ̶ر֮һȻֵܹסʯǵĶ츳ܡҪһ߸ǹǿһߵֵʯǵķֻʹϵرܹ쵽
رʮϵرܵǿߵ׷ӶӵеرʮȴҲûһϵر
ɫĹ֮£һжʮι״ɢſֲϢĺڰϵǿȻ
Ƕʮι״ĺڰϵǿ֮УǿɢʿĿֲϢ
ʿĺڰϵǿ߷ֱһźɫͷĿ׳󺺣һʯˡһһһͷϳŹǣһЫβа
ڰϵʿһ֣Ƕʮڰϵǿ߶ɫڰϵʿ
ڰϵǿھǺڰʴԵʣһҪôսƻҪôײб塢̺ɱڰϵǿߺܹϺϲɱ໥̨
ǿƴ󣬶һһĵˡƵЩڰϵǿǲòԼ
ʯڰϵʿһۻʯǣλôƺ
ʯУ˶͵kԻΨڰϵʿʸkƽȵĶԻ
һɫͷ׳󺺰Ȼǰ
ʯʯ
аһЦ
ʯ΢΢һЦħĺڲӵرһɱô
һĨƻĹâǺħʲôرȻЩļһﲻΣգӵ
Щǿ֮ǱǿɱĴڡһǹǿ߳溣ǿ࣬ͱЩڰϵǿɱ
ɱǿ߿ԻľˣøˣøЩڰϵǿȻҲɱЩǿԼˡ
ȺлƣԵе֮£Щǿ߾Ȼǰħ磬ȻҪĿġ
Ǻħڣһۼر۵̫۵ıУǵkɱԼ̫̫׵Ϊģƶɵĵۼر
ħħıԴ֮ȼһش̫۵ĴۼǿߡĴۼǿˣ޷ĺħ棬ֻܹ˵ءǡ۵һս֮ʧħĺҲǺòײŻܡʯ΢΢һЦ
ۼر
һڳкڰϵǿжһḬ֮̃ɫ
ۼرÿһסȻǵۼر溣Ŀֲڶ޷ӳǵۼرκһʿţЩʿŶ᲻ϧһд
ǵۼر㲻ۣУҹ򣬶Щǿ˵кô
̫ǺڰϵǿߣkִƵġ۵ҲͬǺڰϵ֮еĶۼرĺڰϵۼرɢЩڰϵĳ˵Ǵ֮
һĨ׺ݵĹâһЦʯǣ˾ãǰ̽·ȽϺʡ
ʯҲ¶һ˿ЦĶǹǿߡ
ǹǿ߾֮ʵѾΪʿ֣ͬлֻǿ߾š
ʯȻһЦֻܹھ͸ƴܾˣڽ֣ӦǸռơϾڰϵǿߴĺֻڹؼʱ໥ͱӡ
Ⱥڰϵǿ߶ʱɫ΢΢һ˳Ĭ֮С
ʵۣӵʿĺڰϵǿ΢ռšʵϣڰϵʿͲѣҵkµǿҲǸովۺϹں֮ڡ
оսʿסովۼڵkߵǿͬסǺڰϵǿ߾ԲǹǿߵĶ֡
ĬһỺðɣǾͺ֣һ̽ħĺ
ʯ΢΢һЦãոǵѾΪȷ̽ڸǵ˳ȥ̽ǰĵ·ˡ
ǹǿŪ˾޴Ķһȷʵ޷סԼ٣һҲҪħ֮еǿߣõkǵ̽ħĺ
Ĺȷдֱ޾ԨԼһλͿλз
λҲֻܹʿǿߣʥʿһλҲᱻѹʿӵбΧɱĿܡ
ǰͿλǹǿѡǰأʿʵۼǿ֣֮߳еʿֽԶпܻưͿλ棬ͿλĹǿ߼
ǹǿ߹޾ԨλԼͿλ棬kӵеǿҲǿ߶ϣ޷̫ǿкħֻܹ̽ħ֮ϵĺڰϵǿߡ
ֱһڰϵ溣ǿһָ㣬ȥǰ̽·
ǣ
ڰϵ溣ǿɫ΢΢һ䣬ҧһ·ɵǰ档
ڰϵ溣ǿһ֣һܸߴʮӵ»ʿĺʯȻɳǰͿշȥ
ǺʯܷŷžͺȻĽ壬
˫ۺâһһץһ͸ŤݵĹͳ˵kС
һһ͸ʳ棡ʿǿߵĹ󡣡
Ըkǣ
һڰϵǿһͺȣȡһɫħԶһУһɫĹâƬ֮С
͸ʳ׷ױǺɫĹâ֮ڡ
͸ʳһǰ̽·ĺڰϵǿ߲ϵķųͶӰܡٻ޵Ƚ̽
Ǻħ֮ӵǰڰϵǿвͱһֹޱȵɱ
ʯҲԼɳһǿǰ̽
̽·ǿ䣬Ǻħ֮еֹҲĴʿԼΧ溣ԸֱֶֹĨȥ
㣬ȥǰ̽·
һǿ֮ʯһָ


899 սʯ
ƾ㣬Ҳң
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ溣ǿ߼ĿֲϢ֮һĶʯһЦ
˷һĿ⣬ʯϣ¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫ
㣬ôĵӣȻΥҵǾ͸ȥ
ʯһĨײУǰһһȭɲ֮䣬֮㱻һֻ޴ޱȵʯȭ⣬·仯Ϊһʯ֮磬ѹ
һֻʯȭһΧձ㱻ȫѹһɿֲʯȭ֮ε棬ҽʯȭȥ
һȦȦʯγɵĻɫʯ֮ʯȭ֮ϣ溣ܣһǻɫʯ֮УҲᱻֱʯһʯͷ
һ³һرħ֮սʯݺһնȥ
ħӿһɢһ˿˿ʿͷڳֻħ֮ǣͷ­ֻ۾ħ֮Ȼ֣ű塢ײСһеĿֲϢһ֮ʯ֮նȥ
Ƿ·صľ޴ʯȭһ£ǻɫʯ֮һһԾأ׺ݾ׵ħ֮һıʯ
һħ֮һı顣
һħ֮ʯ֮ǡħ֮սâ΢΢һһ֡
ʯһȭҲ֮ľ
һ裬ʯâٴκһȭأȸղŸʢһ֣ѹȥ
涢ʯޱȵս⣺ʿǿ߹Ȼǿÿ¡رֻܹһͬ׵ǿߣҪʿǿߣرܵؾ˵ʿǿߣԶԶ
һԣ㲻
һµӡ֮и֣kȻṹһ仯һ˿˿㲻Ĳ֮
ǳصľ޴ʯȭһĨ֮ɫһȭǾ޴ʯ֮֮ϡ
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һ춯صľ֮УǾ޴ޱȵʯ֮Ȼǳʯʯ֮һ֮ϱ㿪ʼѸٵʯͬʱһ˿Ҳ֮дݣҪƬ
ת㲻壬һ΢΢ʯ塢׷ױɰֱɣԼ
âȻʯȥһȭһȭſޱȵʯȥ
ʯҲʾʿ۷Ŀֲս˲䱬ɱһ
ͬױľһ໥ɱֲ˷ɢȥΧĴغÿӿݣռѷȻ֡
ס֣ٴˣ
һԴʯǵĺʿǿҲͷųԼĿֲϢ
ʯ໥һǣ˿໥ţһԲ
ʯʲô֣
ħ֣
ܺãħ֣ʸͬУ΢΢һЦͬУݿ£˫ۣü֮йӡ߰׷һָ㣬ȥǰ̽·
׷ɫһĴħִˣȾң
һĿⶼϡ
ûκιϵ
Ű׷Цţɱȥǰ̽·ɱ
׷һҧߵǰһ׷һһkһģһĻ˲֣ǰȥ
׷ĻսȻֻǿʿɢȴkûκ
һǰŸָĹ֣Ȼڵʿǿֽ
Ҳ֪Ǻħ˶ã޴ޱȵĺɫѨһ˵ǰ
׷һָһ׷ֱӷһɫѨ֮ڡ
ң
׷ȻһĨ֮ɫһ³һ֣һޱȵĲҽ֮
һԾصĿֲӰ׷ڲһ˲㽫kն飬ɢء
ɷ
׷һ溣ܹ˵жһĨ֮ɫ
ҲֻĹ취ܹͨͶӰ˺壬졢ǿķ֮һ
㣬ȥ
ʯһȼų׵ĳǿһָ
ǿһ»һһѨȥûõkǸѨ֮з˻ʲôûУһ·
ߣ
ʯһѨһָǿ߱һѨ֮ڡ
һǳǿһǸѨ֮ûãһǿޱȵϢǶѨ֮ڶͬʱ¡ս֮
ߣ
ʯǺԥĴŲдĹǿǸѨȥ
Ⱥڰϵǿ߶Ų΢΢һǶѨ֮еǿҲǵkǵˣkȻһҲ
֮һ·ɳ͸Ļҳء
͸Ļҳ뿪֮Ѹٵγһ棬ϢѨȥ
ɷȻֲޱȣ澭о֮ͬѾоζԿַ
һ沢ָӣһܹ֮ϣеϢһʱ䴫͵һܹ֮ϡ
һʹɷɱЩ棬Ҳֻܹ׷Ѱ֮ߴݻһ弶ܹԣ޷˺ֺ
ʮֻһ׷ɱǸѨ㿴һɢ޾ڰϢս·ĳߡ
ĺڰԴԴϵĹעս֮ڣ޸һֲս
Ȼ֮䣬һԾصĺɫâս֮зɳһնʮֻ֮ϣ˲佫ʮֻն
䣡
һ֮УϵʮֻܹԱֱӱը
һѨ֮ڣʮֻҲһ·ɵǸѨľͷǸѨľͷһޱȵļ̳̳֮һɫʮּܣʮּ֮ϻһ˿˿ɫѪҺ
һܹȷΣ֮󣬱㽫ߵϢ档
ǵۼر۵ӵԼ־ѾѲǵõkĳϣʿǿߴŭkҲᱻkնɱֻʥʿǿ߲ܹǿнkѹ
Щǿ׼֣ܳkǵĿԲǡ۵
һ߱Ǻɫʮּ֮ϵǸոǳǿߵǱѾһˣ
ܹ֮лõ鱨ѸٵķţΪڻǰһǿߣӿһ˿ԤС
һ·֮ϣΣգֽЩֱѹݻ١
һƬƵĿռ֮һƬ޾ڰ֣ķѣޱߵĴ½һеǰ
һƬ½֮ϣһʱľ󲿷ֵĽѾ顣
֮ѿƬһѷ֮У͸¶ſֲĺڰԼ޾ΣգʥʿܹشĿռѷ졣


900 
˿һ޾ڰ֣ķѵĴ½жһḬ֮̃ɫ
ǿǻħ۵סĹһʿʵۼֲסĵطûӶԴ
ħλ汾ԴѾشԵµĵرǺħ۾ס֮رħ࣬ӵĵĵطĵط֮УȻ
Ǻħ̫ۡĿֲڣһѪʿǿ˵ޱȵıҩkǵѪһأγޱȵĵرʥʿǿ߶Ϊ֮ġ
Ȼ΢΢һڰϵǿʩչطϢĴԭ֮ʧƬطȥ
Ƭտ֮УȻըѳŹޱȵѪڰϵ溣ǿ߾Ϣֱ䡣
ڰϵ溣ǿߵϢֱʧ
һڰϵ溣ǿһŤ¶֮ɫҽһֱӱ顣
һĻҪƬ½֮ӶᱦĺڰϵǿǶʵһƬ½żɵ֮ɫ
ʯǵǺħ۾ס֮أǹֻȷĵ·֮ϣпܽǹͻᱻֺǹ֮ɡ
ϣʯü֮һöâ΢΢һһɫĹƬ޾֮У֮һһɫĵ·
ʯǵȹǿ΢΢һΣʱһɫĵ·Ǻǹȥ
ȺڰϵǿһۣҲ΢΢һΣʯǺǹȥ
ɫĵ·֮⣬һɫİЩɫİ֮ħյǿ塣
ȻǺħѾ꣬һ֮Ȼɱʥǿߣشʥʿǿߡ
ʩչط˫֮һ¸ֳӡʩչطħ֮ͫΧȥ
֮γɵĺ֮УŸֹŤ󣬲ЩŤȴһĹɣܿһߵĵ·
һĻ˼
һޱȵɫ·һֱߣһ޴ޱȣȴƲǰ
ǹĸɢŸֲккϡ
濴ǹĲкһۣһ¶һ˿˷֮ɫʯҫʯǺˡʯ治ʿʵۼǿߵĹȻôޱȵĿʯصҪϣȻضǡ
ĿƼһΪ߼رѾԿʥʿǿߵı
߼أ֮Ҳֻһ߼أӵпʿʵۼǿߵĿֲ
ʵؾѾصļޡ߼ؽҪĸԴʿ֮УҲŵرƵۼرϣռ
ư棬һԴŽһ߼أҲֻһ߼ءϾڵʿͰܼ
ؾĿǰܹļޣֻҪһأͶ뺣ԴܹͳһֻԿʥʿǿߵĻеţ֮λʿ֮Уܹ
ЩڰϵǿǿɢĲкж¶һ˿̰˷֮ɫЩڰϵǿȻͨҲ֪ЩкǱõʿ罻ԻøޱȵԴ
ʯɨһۣЩк֮ж̺ʿʵۼǿߵΧĻΪһ塣һǣͻᱻΧΧ˭Щк뿪Ҫ֣һɵ
һâҫЩڰϵ溣ǿ߶ʩչЩкȥһ۾ͿЩĲкֹ̺֮ޱȵһЩϵһ
ЩڰϵǿǶüͷ΢΢һ壬ס˳ֵ
Ǻǹû˽룬֮洦ɼ챦Թʱĸ󳬷ֲԼǿߵʬ塣
ʿʵۼǿߵս֮У»ʿǿ߶ֻڻʿǿʿڻҵʸûС
ħλ汾ԴȻѾǵǿǹڡǿߵʬ̺֮ŵӴΪֲֳ೬ֲʿǿ߶Ϊ֮ġ
ǾǺʯ
һ鲼ʬԼ󳬷ֲͥԺ֮һƬīʮĺɫʯǰ
һɫľʯ֮ϣһɫӰһʮ׵ĺɫϷɢſֲޱȵѹ
һɫľʯǺʯ̫۵꾫ѪأʯΪһγɵĵر
һɫľʯ֮⣬Բʮ֮ڣҲûһʯȻһͺʯ֮ͨ󣬽Χĺʯͳͳ˹
ڷǺʯ֮ʯĿ˵һɨ
ǡֵıֳһڰϵǿ߶Ǻʯ̰ȴûг֡
ʯһĨɻ֮ɫѵıɱˣ
ٴδ֮һȫʹĵرƶɣǧ׵ݳ˵ǰ
һ֮µӡһɿֲ׵Ϣ·Ҫᴩһ㡣
һ֮ϵŸ˺ۣȴûжѡ
ݵ·ɢҳԲǧ֮ڣȫǹĻҳûһ˿
λǵĿĵصˡݾһεĿĵءλˣҲ԰ĵȥˡ
ʯһǳѺ۵ݣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ü֮еɫĹâȻһգһһڰϵǿϡ
һڰϵǿ⧲֮䣬ȻһͣըѿһƬѪ
ݹâ΢΢һһڰϵǿһƬѪ㱻ֱա
ɫ䣬αˣһ¸ԼӳʮһƷʯǣǹΪѪǣüƷ
Щڰϵǿһıʮ־ͨһĻһ¾Ͳµʯǵͼ
ûλ⣬ΪλΪƷѪλݣһᴩͨλʵʵĳΪƷΪǹİҵһɣ
ʯ΢΢һЦһ£ǹǿ溣ǿߵͳ˧֮£һ֣ǺڰϵǿֱӺȥ
ȵ֪ЩţħǱɱˣҲˡ
֪ˣ
ǶߵħâһȻǴһȦһʿĿֲѹȻ֮һ³һֻħ֮ǣǹǿֱӴȥ
һɫĹһºһǿϣ˲佫ǿߺɷ飬΢ʧ


901 Ѫ
ʯһ±仯Ϊһ׸ߵľˣȭǹǿߺȥȭͷ֮һǿֱ߱ʯ顣
ٶȿ磬һ壬ӲĲסǿߡ
һŭ𣬱仯Ϊһͷףһɫ֮УɢſֲϢĺڰħǣ΢΢һΣ㽫һͷǿһ¡
һһǿһȭſޱȵһǿϣһǿߺƬ
ÿһǿ߱ɱkǵѪҲͬڰϵǿһֱա
ʯħǶʿ֮еǿߣkȻֻʿڵΪһսˣʿڵǿҲһս
ǹ溣ǿߴ󲿷ֱֶǿɵĴڣӵ㹻kǻԿʯǿߡħգkʣµѾвʯʿ
ʯĿ䣬ָһţȻӵkзɳӭǣһ½˴֮ϡ
һâ΢΢ҫĹǿߴ֮зɳͬһ֮зɳ˷
񳲣
һĻɫ䣬˫һȣֱӻһɫĹâԶȥ
ÿһ񳲾һսԪһ񳲵ͿԻһʿϵǿߡͬʱԵÿһ񳲵սõkǿӦԲͬľ档
ÿһֻǰ溣ǿ߼ǿͳ˧ڵkһ溣ǿ߼һǧʿǧʿʮ»ʿǿߡ
񳲵ÿһֻսԶһʿڵǿߣ֣ټʯһʿĿֲǿߡǺڰϵǿǺʤ㡣
һâҫ֮⣬ĺڰϵǿҲ΢΢һΣһ˷ȥ
ؼʱ򣬾ͿԿں֮ڵĲࡣǹȷǹľǿߣҲǾӡֻҪλһ£kǾͱǰ̵ǰ壬֪УҲս
Щڰϵ溣ȻһսˣһֲУʮִѡߡ
ʯǸֳһĨЦӣôף
֮һһֻֻʮֹĹӣǹ΢΢һ䶯Ǳ仯ΪһӡĻ䡣
һޱȵĻâҫһâЩ֮зɳ֮γһ޴Ľ硣
һͷײǾ޴Ľ֮ϣӲıǾ޴Ľֱɻ
Ǿ޴Ľ֮зɳȥ溣ǿͳ˧񳲾űֱͳ˧Χס˵k˫ɱһ
ʯħĴʿĿֲǿҲһֻֻ񳲾Χסɱһ
ʯһɫ⣬ר׷ɱЩڰϵǿߣ˿ûǿ߷緶ߵ溣ǿһͬΧʮѸٵĽǺڰϵ溣ǿһһ顣
޾ѪƮɢЩڰϵ溣ǿһһɱkǵѪ궼ȫա
˵صĺڰϵ溣ǿȫʯǴɱ֮󣬵kֱͳ˧ַһ֮ڣ񳲵޸Լ壬ָ
ʯǴ溣ǿߴ֮зɳ֮󣬱ȫʢ̬ǰ
ǼϺĸսָѨΪһĿֲսҲǼΪֲĺڲ䵥λ
ʯǻָʱɫ䣬˿ûйĴĵԸΪʯǴЧһ
ʯһĨƻ֮ɫЦ𣿺ãȥΧֻҪɱ˵kҿԿΪǹһԱ
ΧĹǿһ·ɵһߣóһ·
ԴȫҰɣ
Ĺâ΢΢һΣһŰķȥ
һɲ֮䣬˰ߣһצݺݵĺǷ֮ϡ
ҲûȫһǷ֮ϡ
ʿǿȫһǷҲһ˿ѷ졣
ʯǶʱŭˣңɱ˵kǣ
޸Ľ϶һĨϧ֮ɫϧһ񣡡
Ƿ·ɱ֮Ĺǿ߱Ȼ溣ǿߵĴ֮£ΧɱʿĿֲǿߡ
ʯĿһۣһΣ溣ǿһ·ɵʯߣΧʯ
ָһָ
ǿսʮǿ֣֮ɱȸɵɱʯħǱ
ʯһսʯܿ㱻˺ۣʧ
ɱңãôǾͬھɣ
ʯһĨһŭȼԼеĺһȭ
ˣ
ʯɫ䣬һɫĹâֱʧ
ʯһĨźһȭһɫʯ֮һֱ溣ǿߡʮ溣ǿߡʿǿߵ֮ϡ
ǿһ¸ֳһʯ֮⣬һϽɫе溣ǿֻ߽ʯһ֮⣬ǿͳͳʯΪһȻֱѿ
һݹâҫʯͬйǿߵ궼ձһݵ
ͬھɣ
ȻЦĬģһָһֻħ֮еĸ֮Ȼ֣ſֲ׵ħ·һ
һֲ׵ħΧĹǿһɨ
Ǹ֮۵ħâɨ֮£һǿߡʮ溣ǿߡһʿǿߡʮʿǿߡһ»ʿǿͳͳɻҡ
һ֮£Ҳֱӻҽ

ʯǺȻʮֹĳü֮ɫ۾âһһɫĹֱӺ֮ڡ
Ȼ΢΢һֹڰա
˴ǿߵĹ˲֮ϡ
桢ɫצ֯һ½顣
񳲾Ѫ֮ϣk֧顣
һʬ㱻ֱա
ȥ
¸ֳӡſһ磬һɫĹʯֱӺȥ
ʯɫ΢΢һ䣬ʮֹϵն֡kһ±仯Ϊkģһȿռ֮ڡ
һɫĹһºʯǵ֮ϣkֱӺ顣
һ֮£ǰҲֱӻҽ걻ա
ʯǵһ·һ֮ڣǸ񳲵޸


902 ɨ
ûᣡ
Ƕھżرڱ֮ʯмȻɳΧֳһռУǿռ֮У弶սͬˮһӵγһֻֻΧĳȥ
ھŸС棬Ѵ弶սʮӿһޱȵսìնɱǹǿߡ
棬Ļеܾţ
Ļеܾţɱֻɱ棬ܹһУ

ǹǿһ弶սˣɫ䣬
ຣѫĵһˣͳ˧Ļеһʿɱǹ֮У˾޴𶯡
Ҫ֪һǹ̽ԵĽʿ磬ҲֻǳʮʿǿΪȷ档
ʮʿǿʮİʥʥʿĹ֮¡ʿСȴֻ溣ǿС
ǻеܵǿҲеĹǿš
񳲵ľųһֻŵǿΧħ֮⣬Ĵ񳲾Ŷӵ߸
ɡǺڵʿŽоó֮µ弶ս԰㣬·ɱ֮һ㣬γһɿֲޱȵĻеĽɱЩǿߡ
Ĺâ֮֯£Щס»ǿͬһÿһ̶ڳǧ䡣
ƬƬѪɫա
һ溣ǿɱֻҪɱ棬Щеܶ
ûϧƾ㣬ûǸ£
һɺޱߵĿֲϢȻڶ޾ӡת㲻һȭ溣ǿߵĸ
ǿֲ׵һ½溣ǿֱӺɱ
ʯᣡ
һԵ溣ǿ˫һ죬湥
һܼҫɱȻǰſһ֡
溣ǿߵĹһºЩҫɱߵĻ֮ϣǼʮҫɱ߻ͬһͬ÷飬õkûС

ͬһ𲻰ܵħһ̤һ溣ǿߵǰһȭǿߵ֮ϣ彫溣ǿһ飬ɰǽ溣ǿߵѪͳͳɡ
㲻һͿͬʱʹüְ壬һ֮¼ְںϣֲס㲻ԶԶԽ粻ĵط
Ǹдһ溣ǿ߸湥һ˲䣬߼ʿ۷عҫսһ´˵kڣһʣ溣ǿնɼ顣
Ƕʮʿ۷عҫȻɳֹһº溣ǿߵ֮ϣһ½溣ǿߺ飬ȫɱ
棬
溣ǿ߼ĹǿӲĴ弶սȺ֮ɱ湥ȥ
浭һЦ΢΢һΣһ弶սȺ֮С
Щ弶սһſ˼ޣǰ
溣ǿߵһֱӺƬ
һٶʿ弶սֱӱ顣
һ˲䣬ǧܹҫʹϸֳ޾ǹâһ溣ǿߺȥ
ǧܹҫʹһ޾ĹȻۣγһɣγһޱȵĹһº溣ǿߵ֮ϡ
溣ǿ߸ոչ棬üΧγһ޴ޱȵĻ滤ڡ
һޱȵĹһºǻ滤֮ϣӲĹᴩǻ滤ڣ溣ǿߵ֮ڣ溣ǿߡ
һ˲䣬ޱȵĹһ˲ǳ溣ǿ֮ϣһ½kش淭ɣʧ¶һò׵ĺ췢ӡ
ĵޱȵĹһº췢ӵϣֱӽ췢Ӿʧ
ʯ
溣ǿ߶һ·һޱȵĺ֮һֳ˵kǵϣϵǿԼķҲСЩk־ܹݻٵ弶սˡ
Щ弶սһһĻЩ溣ǿ߼ǿߵĶ֡ϰľ޴ֲս֮УֻҪд⣬溣ǿ߼ǿͬᱻֱɱ
˵Ŀⶼߵһ˲䣬ʮֹĳһһ溣ǿߵһȭ溣ǿߵڣɰ巢ӲĽһ溣ǿߵѪɵһɶ
ħһĻһĨ֮ɫǿսħ棬Ļеܾţ̫ǿˣ
ս֮ϣը֮Ѫɡ
ÿʱÿ̶弶ս˱ֱӺ䱬Щǿֱ߱ӺɱһƬƬѪ֮ըѿ
Щ溣ʿǿ߷ĺɱЩѲ弶սˣЩ弶սڷɱЩͼĹǿߡ
عҫ塢ҫɱս˶ӵвߵԣֻҪоƬûбݻ٣ͿΧԶѲ˼㡣
ս֮ϣǹǿԾ˵ٶȱ弶ս˾Ųʳš
汾ͬһֲĺĸ弶սˣԴԴϵͶս弶սԽɱԽֱ࣬˾
ɶ񣡣棬
ʯǴһ֮зɳ㿴һ溣ǿ߱һȭɱʱѣеѪһ춯صŭ֮
֮ڵĴڣЩȷѾԲԮЩǿһһ
ѾǹȷԳ񳲱ݻ٣Ҫӹȷ֮гͻʮѡ
Ƴʯһۣ
ʯǶʱһĨŭ֮ɫkָܿ侲ħڵķһۣħֻҪ֣ɵ档ҿΪǹһԱҿ룬Ϊʥʿǿڡ
ħĿ΢΢һϵãҴӦ㣡
ΧħĹǿ߶ʱֱ뿪ڵķȥ
ʯǳ棬ǹߡʮʿʵۼǿػעûϣᱻ̲ǣΪǵһԱһݻ棬츳ԴضܹΪһʥʿϵǿߡ
ȫǷϻѾӵߣҼ棬ҲԶܳΪһߡҾûǻͳͳȥȽϺʡ
浭һЦһ˸һ溣ǿߵһȭ溣ǿߵڣһ溣ǿֱӺƬȫɡ


903 ѹʯ
λ˵ܹkͬеĴԽԽãkǲܹеԴ
ÿһ໥̲ʱգŻý
ںƽʱڹ֮κʿʵۼǿҪ߶ܣΪ߲ͬϷֵkƿصԴ
ߵѾḯ࣬ʱˢһ˾ͿԻһ͵ܼ档⣬ڵk֮УkǶһֱȥڡ
һҲܼܼʱܼǵ䣬kǶĵˡ
ĵ˹֮£Ҳˡ䡣
֮λͬߵĴڣҲͬ˵˵СϵǿԼЩǵ׷ǰ֮£kȻԸµߵ
ǿ߶֧֣ǿͶҲֹʥʿҪΪʿʵۼǿ߶أܡ
ڹǿ֮󣬱ѾȨѡ
ʯһĨâȵȻѾѡôҾһ̣Ѫɫ
֮ڣʮ溣ǿԼһ溣ǿ߷ȼӴޱȵע֮ڡ
֮еĹǿҲȼԼԼһ
һɫĹȻ֣ڵλȥγһ޴ޱȵĽ磬ӡһɫľ޴֮ڡ
ǸƬ򣬷ֹħߵĽҲһ˲ʧ
Ǿ޴Ľ֮УֻʯԼˡ
Ǿ޴Ľ֮⣬ĻеŴݿһɱһдڣǹǿ岻ըѿһѪֱա
ʿµĹǿ߼ѾɱֻʣЩʿϵǿ߻ڿ
û뵽Ϊ˶Ը㣬ȻƵʹѪɫһС棬Ϊ㣬ǹжĴۡkǣ
ʯһĨײ֮ɫϽҫһʿڵĿֲ˲䱬ͬˮһӿһΣһɫӶȥ
֮ǿռвϸ֣弶սͬˮһʯӿȥ
ûõģЩãûγƵʱ򣬾ֻһáʱܹģֻԼ
ʯһЦָһһɫĹâһЩ弶սϯȥ
Щ弶ս˵ķһͬһʹøֳϽĻסͬĵоƬֱӱɻҽ
ʯһʿڵǿǰټܸոշɳ弶ս˽ֻ赲˵kһ£˵kһ˿
ӹһĨأĬģŸɺȻ֣ͬһʯѹȥ
ƣ
ʯһĨâһȣһ̺žɫӵkһºǾŸɺ֮ϡ
ǾŸɺһֱӱҲһ˿Ѫ
ʿڵĿֲǿߣ
һĨ˷֮ɫת㲻壬һ¸ֳӡǴһ߰׵ľˣһȭһɺ¡һ̩ɽӰȻ֣ʯѹȥ
ʯתطü֮ɫξȻֳһֻ飬ӵk֮и֣ȥ
һɫ̺žĹȻȭͷ֮ϡ
һɺ¡̺̩ɽӰɫĹ֮£һһ顣
ǲдɫâһϣĻð̣ǻսħҲֱӿѡ
ʯһſڣһɫĹγһֲޱȵħߣݺݵһҧϣ滤ľ֮ͬ綾һŵkڹעȥ
һɫħһҧ壬ʮֹͬӵһǸ˿һûڣľƻ塣

ɫ䣬С֮Уһ·ɳڴУͬ綾һľ֮
һ㽫ɫħľ֮ȫա
ʯĿ΢΢һ˵֮ӣȻѲ
ԴӳΪ庣ѫһ֮󣬾ȥܵ˵֮ӣ庣ѫһλ֮ҲֱӳΪ˵֮֮һΪǹǿɱҪĿ֮һ
һеġħɫļзɳһϣȫǡ
ǡħεǿʱǡħװ׵λãǶöʿֲڵħˣ֮⣬ǡħĸؽ֮Ƕ溣֮ˡ
ǡħװһ壬һɺޱߣ޾ĿֲûΧƣӳĵһ޵еħ
ʲôرǿرҵģ
ʯĶΧһסħװףһḬ֮̃ɫü֮ɫƬٴһɫľֱӺȥ
һһ̺޾ɺȻֲ֣׵֮˲䱬һɫľֱɡ
ʯһ𺧣ôܣһ溣ʿôôɾ͵ֵסҵĹ
ʿǿ溣ǿһؾʯǾϵϽǿ֮սʿڡ溣ǿ߼ĴӦȫѹŶԡ

΢΢һΣһĨӰ˲ʯǵǰݺһȭںɰ塢˲ʯǵ֮ϡ
¡
ʯǵǰϽжʱһ飬һѪݺݵײѪɫ֮ϡ
Ӳڹǣ㴩ڹǣҲֻ·һ
һĨâһȭʯǵ֮ϣkݱѣѪĿȫǡ
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Ӱҫһȭһȭʯǵ֮ϣŵkѪ⣬ݻŵkĹʯƴֵš
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ô

Ѫɫ֮⣬Щǿһž֮ɫʿһ±õ䵽˼㡣
˭Ҳûע⵽ÿһȭʯǵ˿֮ϣһ˿ûкۼ˿߱ȭͷ֮ӿûʯǵڡ
ʯǣҾˣ
ٴһȭشʯ֮ͼذĻȻ֣һֻֻޱȵ۾ʯһµӡһûʯǵڡ
һɲ֮䣬˵ʯһ㱣һ½濴ۣսǣϣ


904 ع
Ѫɫ֮Уԭ·ʯǺȻһųޱȵɫâһȭֱӺˣһɫĹӵküĵξ֮ϣľ档
ɫ֮ڶһʹŤ
ɵúã
ɱʯǴˣ

Щ弶еΧ֮£Ѿ᧿ΣĹǿһ¶һ˿˷֮ɫƴֵ弶еŵΧɱ
һһĹʿǿ߱弶еŵΧɱǱޱȵĹԽǱն顣
֮к¡֮ڶһܼ弶սͬǹ溣ǿߴݻ١
֧ѪɫĴڣ޷ΪǿߵĲԴȪÿʱÿǹǿڷš
Ƿ֮£ǹ溣ǿҲһĽ͡
һ溣ǿſһ磬һɫĻһ·ɳӴޱȵĻе֮Уһٶ弶ս˵ķ˲ǳɫĻ֮ڻҽԶ첻
߼ʿعҫͬ̿һӻȺ֮ͻȻɳӵǳ溣ǿֱնȥ
һ溣ǿѾɱ˳һǧʿ弶սˣ弶ս˵Χ֮£Ϊʱһҧ΢΢һһȻ˵kΧ
Զǧܹҫʹһ´߶֮âγһɣһݺݵĺǳ溣ǿߵĻ֮ϡ
һ˲дľ֮һ溣ǿ֮ϣkյ÷ޱȵĲҽ֮
ʿعҫһ»ӵնǳ溣ǿϣҫӲĽǳ溣ǿг飬ն顣
һʿعҫ֮һ¹âҫһ溣ǿߵֱգȻǴһȦһ֮ɫе֮ӵkı
һƴعҫս˻֮ɢ
Χһܼعҫս߷һûһعҫս֮ڡ
һعҫսһټܵͼعҫս֮һתΪޱȵɫ֮ϸصķģһ½Ϊսعס
һعһϣɫĵ֮Уųһ˿˿ɫĹԣɫĻе֮һſһȦȦصޱȵĲȻ˷ϯȥ
Щսŵعҫս˱ޱȵĲһͬͷųһ˿˿ޱȵĲƣγһĹ
ޱȵĹ֮£Щعҫսл嶼ı仯һֹ״̬սȫһȼ
һʮѾʿعҫսˣսһ溣ʮʿعҫս˵սȫʿ
عҫսһս㷢˷츲صı仯
Щǿعҫս˵ķΧ֮£һһֱӴ򱬣һƬƬѪɢ
ôɶô
ʯڱ֮ǰѪɫķȥֻһĻԭӦƴɱʯѾվߡ
ȫˣǿߵķǿ£
滷ܣǹǿǵĲкһĨȻ֮ɫ
Ǳ˽ƣ߱ķӳ֡ʴǡʿޱȵĴս֮УƲԻӱ
ǹľǿȴʯǵ֮£սˣձĻеȫߡ
عףս֮һȻԽعҫеսһȼǿعҫս弶ս֮Ҳһֻ֣ܹΪľʹá
濴һ߽ϵعףһ֮ɫ
عҫ彨ҪΪӴԴ弶ս֮УعҫҲֻһܡ
ӵعͳ˧عҫսٱֹǰʥǿҲп֮ܽΧɱ
·񳲿һۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺һεսƷǷ񡣡
ǹ濪սÿһ񳲾൱һ΢Ȼûôǿֲÿһͬӵиܹ񳲣ôʿϹǿ߽
ÿһ񳲶ӵԻٵĻ׵²ֻŵָӹʯǣԲܷ²񳲡
ħʲôˣ
ʯĿͻħ۱İ֮һ
һĨȻ֮ɫȻˣ
ʯһжںħ˽⣬׵Ľʥǿ߶ܹɱĺħΪħǹİӡ
Ŀǰߵȼİ˭
ʯǵҲ֪鱨ֻеkп֪ߵȼӡ
ѯ˹ڰӵ鱨ʯȴһ֪
ǹͬӵϸıƶȣʯȻʿǿߣȴֻһսȻ޷Ӵ氵ӵ鱨
浭ȥȡı
ǣ
ʯǹӦһһӻȡһɫԲ̣üһһɫĹâɫԲ֮ϡ
һޱȵĹԴɫԲ֮䣬û֮С
һ˿˿ҫһɫߡһֻޱȵĺɫȭסһذױ֮зɳɫԲ֮ϡ
ϣǡǧٱߡ任ΪκˡֻϸעʱпܿݡʿʵۼǿߣҲҪʩչ෨ܹݡʥʿǿߣֻһЩӵжѪĴڣʩչܹݡ
ǡħȭס۴ħ۵ĵۼرӵпֲĹ
ǡ߱ذסʥرԹᴩʿʵۼǿߵԼַһkУʥʿҲᱻӡ󲿷׸
ǵ۴ħ۵ƾħ۲ܹ׳Ϊʿʵۼǿߡ
ʯǹ
濴˷ܵĹâȻǺñ
ÿһʥϵرǡħȭסһۼرǡħȭסѾش޸ֻҪkֽˣͬԻƵۼرĵر
ǡǧٱߡ߱ذסǴ̿רõǿװżҲʹһ´̿ͣҲмá


905 Ļ׽
濴Ǹ޴ޱȵĽݣĹâôʹã
ʯǵֻҪ㹻ǿߵѪ꣬ͿԴһͨѷ졣һѷ֮У֮ʵͬС׼㹻ǿߣԴһʥʿǿ߿Խѷ졣
ͨľص㣬ڹ֮м𣿡
ûУħ۶ͨϸܣҲ֪ͨͨʲôط
纣ó׿Իʮ󣬿Խλ֮óԻһ򱶵ǿԽ֮ó׸ǿԻʿʵۼǿ߶Ϊ֮ĵ
Լںħ۵λãҲεסһ֮ͨĵ·׬ȡ޴ޱȵĲƸ
ֻӵ㹻Դܹ֣ࡢǿĻеţøӵǿ
һβݣ֪
ʯǵ֪ǵ͵ͨߵıһЩܼ֮Уֱ֮Ϊ֮ͨ·ݵļ̲һܼ֮յģڹݵļѾ졣
ʵôûܼ̽棿
ܼ̽ڹ֮Ǳֹһ֣ͻᱻֱʮ塣ܼԵܼ沢ǳ⣬෴ʱǳ⣬ܼΪ
ǹʱӵйߡΪܼ̽棬Ǹܼǿ߷֡սҲˣ涼㱻𣬲ܼĵ䡣
֮ϣ޿ƥиǿĴ𣿵kôƺ
ʯǵĿǰյ鱨ʾĸ֮У߾ѾǿĴڡȻܼǲûм̽Ҳб߸ǿĴڣҲûС
ֻһͨѷ죬ǰ֮Ƿ񻹿Ի
ʯǵӦÿԣħ۵ݣ档ʱ̫ԶҲ֪ݵһߵĲǷѾʧЧ
浭ʯǣҪ㽫йݡħ硢Լĸ֪ʶͳͳݿ֮ڡ
ʯǹǣˣ
ʯǵָ֮£Ǻħĺһ±ĺ԰Щϡޱȵĸֲϡ缸ѾĹʱֲ׷С
ĻǳĻ׵Ľ֮һ
ǻǹ֮ڣһƬֱץȥһɫ뵻ƣûһ˿·һʯС
Ļ׶ʱһ߸֡
΢΢һЦһףĻǳһ¶Ļףˣ
ĻһĴִһĻǳ֮ڣһһ·ûĻǳֱͬһʧ
ĻĻǳ֮󣬶ʱһģŤΧֹĻ֮
𣿽ν磬ʺĵط
һĨ˷֮ɫһ¸ֳһɵνѪȡξӡһ㡣
һ˿˿ҫһŤĿնֱӽĻ˽ȥ
ĻһûǹŤĿն֮ڣξ֮ڣһ··һ޴ĺڶһԴԴϵξ֮еξ֮
ߡĻסع׵սÿһֶʮǿ󡢿ֲµǵkӵ岻߱ĿֲԣŲͬսʽĲͬΪͬս
ǳŤ֮зֱƯŰǡţ̱ɡкħ֮ȹڵξ֮Уһ³һ޴ޱȵУΧξ֮ξ֮еһֲڶ
ʿξֵһʿ
һһΪʿ
ʲôһʿ

ξ֮ڣһֲξﶼĿƶ
һâޱȵҫһֲξҲƶ
ξ֮ǻλγɵĴڡξոյʱξ޷Ӱʵµݻ֮ξѾΪһԵʥʿξĿֲ硣
ˣξ֮УʿξѾλξﶥĿֲڣĴһȻξ֮˾޴ĺ䶯
Ļ׽Ƭ֮УȻ޾ĺڰ˲佫Ƭɣһֻ׵ĿֲִĻֱȥ
һֲֻ׵ľ֮Уʮֹĸֳһݵͷ˷Ļֱҧȥ
һ͸ĴִĻ׵Ļ֮һǾ޴֮ڡ
һֻ޴֮ϵͷ㣬ҲſήһɫĻҽء
һ͸Ĵ֮ȥһ´һĵط
ס֣
ǹĵطһ´һŭޱȡɵĺ֮
ˣסְɣ
һޱȵƬռһŤޱȵĿռ䲨ҫ𳤵ι״ɢʿֲϢξ֮Ƭ֮С
΢΢һһ͸ĴֲջĻ׵֮ڣĿξ֮
ξ֮Уһ߰ף³ǻ׵ĹڡһϳһĴڡһֻź򣬽屻һ֣ӵǰյľɫˡһֻߴףõܡһҳף֮ϳĴ󴬡
ǳǻ׵Ĺڸһ΢΢һЦ⼸λõôƺ
Ļ䵭Ļ
ҵ֮ӡǣʲôµĻ֮ͨӡϵҡ֮Уξʵһ죬ξ繥ǣǱܹȹһ١
΢΢һЦһ㣬һɫâѸٵۣγһɫĻ׵С
ξȻûԴȴǹͨӵǻλǽǽͨλıݵ·ƿξˣͿξͨλıֹ
ǹǿֻҪֵܹξĹ򣬲ҽʥʿǿߵпܽξС
ҵ֮ӡǣ
ξ֮Ҳһ֮ӡǽĻס
Ҳγһ֮ӡǣξ֮ǽʶξ֮


906 ʯ
ǹڣһ˿˿ҫĻױξ֮зɳվߡ
Ļ׽׳Ϊʿ֮ʵͬÿֲޱȡ
ĻҪʯǵϣܹԻסʯǡһԻʯǣk޷ٿˡ
Ļ׽׳ΪʿĿֲ֮󣬴ʱѾ۳һööĻӣʿǿߡͬʱʮʿǿߣŵkϵĽԿƵʿǿҲԽԽࡣ
΢΢һ㲻һطԴưĽޣְںϡӦöһЩ壬ܹһ㼶ط
Ŀǰɰ塢塢Լռְ壬ɰյ죬塢ռ嶼ֻš
һʿרִһְ壬ҽ֮ޣ֮Ϳƿ֮ĳһַ򣬽Ϊʿʵۼǿߡ
һ֮ĳַռݣ˱޷ַͨ򣬽Ϊʿʵۼǿߡֻһʿʵۼǿ֮˲ַܹΪʿʵۼǿߡ
Ѫλ֮оŴѪ棬˵һ֮⣬ڶ桢ӹʱѾڣǵkȻ޷ΪʿʵۼǿߣһҪʿʵۼѶȼΪ޴һҲѪ֮򱻵һռݣڵһ֮ǰ棬ûκܹѪ֮Ϊʿʵۼǿߡ
ʿʵۼǿҪߣһְ֮⣬ʱ塢ռ塢˰壬ڻܹͨΪߣ겻࣬㲻
ʱһϲͨռֻţ˰ͨǡ㷨ӵһ˿Ҫ˰Ŷкܳ·Ҫߡ
㲻塿һžطͿʿŰڣ໥֮䲢ͻͬʱӵںϼְ𡾻粻塿ǿһ
Ȼǡ㲻塿棬ҪԴҲͬԶ粻塿ħǵӣӹһĲƸԴеԴƸͳͳԼŽΪһʥǿߡ
ֻǺħ̫ǿ֮ǿսܾˣȻ͵Ϯɵ
ڰѪԴʯô࣬ĺڰѪԴʯǶԺڰϵ˵õĽױ
Ǻǹ֮ţռǺǹ֮еĸ䣬Ȼ֮۾һĶһʮ׸ߵĺɫˮɽ˷֮ɫ
ڰѪԴʯںڰŨĵطħǿѪ꾭ϲŻɵı
ǺڰѪԴʯںڰϵĳ˵ĽױԨʹ֮е溣ʹڻǺڰѪԴʯ֮󣬶пͻƣ׳ΪʿĿֲڡ
ʩչħͫ˫֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡǺڰѪԴʯȥ
ֻһۿĹڣ֯һγһֻߡħȹŤ
ǺڰѪԴʯһָ˵k
ĻȻ֣͸Ĵһµǹޱȵ֮ڡ
ǻŸֳڵĹʱһǹ׵ξ֮֮£һ±ξ֮ڣתΪξ֮Ļɡ
ӹһĨ֮ɫʿ֮Ļû󶼿Ը档
Ļֻܹ桢ӵǻ۵ǻ塣ڿܡ顢ȴΪkĹ޷Ӱκһʡ
Ļ׽ʿ֮󣬱kѾʼɱ䡣ڿܡ顢ûĴҲӰ졣ǵkܹΪʥʿôkͿɻת棬ĻõĹӰʵ磬ֲ˼㡣
ǺڰѪԴʯ֮ϵȥ㽫һڰѪԴʯγɵСɽֱ
ϧǡ۵޷ȡ
Ǻǹȡֱһ뵽ǡ۵оһĨϧ֮ɫ
۵һۼرһһĵۼرܹ֮շôʿ֮УսħҲܹΪһԱ
ͥʹһ֮ڣĺʯȻ˫ۣüͷ΢΢һ壬廯һɫֱʧ
ھ붼ͥǧһ޾ڰ֣ûһ˿âľ޴󺣹һѨ֮ڣһֻʮ׵ľ޴˽
Ǿ޴һſͣʯӵkĿֱ˳
ʯ濴վڶѨʯʯǣ𣿡
ʯ֮以Է涨ɡʯ棬𣿡
ʯ΢ɵ㲻Ǽٵġʲô£
ʯһ¶һޱȵЦݣΪɱ㣡
Ǿ޴Ѩ֮Уһ¸ֳޱȵξۣ֮һĻ׵ʿֲϢڶһ޴ޱȵĶѨʵϾĻױ仯γɵĴڣʯ桢ʯʵ϶Ļ׵档
һξ֮ξ֮Ǻʯ֮ϡ
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ʯӿһ˿ԤУ߶رһתϣǹ׵ξ֮С
ξ磡
ʯһԼǱɵ壬ǹ˫ȣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ξףһ䣬ֻܹʥʿĴڣԴƶޱȡǹǿ߶ξôӣҲо㡣
ʯһԼξ֮󣬱֪ԼһΣյ塣
һֻ޴ޱȵڱգݺźʯ滯ı˺ݺȥ
ƣ
ʯĴ߶Լ֮һŭγһսһնȥ
䣡
Ǻʯսǰֱӱ飬һƺݺݺ˵ϣеķͷֱѹ
͸ĴִǾ֮һ´˺ʯ֮ڣһһǺʯĵֿ飬ǺʯֲһöĻӣʴƿ˺ʯꡣ
һ˿˿Ǻʯξ֮зɳصԼ֮ڡ
ʯع飬һվڵkǰ棬㹧һˣ
һĨɱҽ붼ʹȻ취ûмصĵطk
ʯ湧Ӧǣˣ
΢΢һΣһŤһû˺ʯӰ档
ʯ΢΢һΣһڲŨ֮ڣŶʹ֮ڷȥ
Ƕʹ֮УӵؽƣʵⷨʥʿǿҲǱ롣ǺʯȡһŹӡ֮Ƕʹ֮еؽơⷨͬ裬õkһ֪֮ͨн˶ʹ֮ڡ


907 ѹ
ʹһصĹ֮ڡ
̤Ǽ乬֮һ㣬һҫ鲼
â΢΢һһҫȫӡ޷
һ˿˿ҫʯ˶ǰ
֮һ˿ʯˣٻ˵أʲô£
ʯԴżȻõһرҿһ£رʲô
ʯһ֣һźɫˮƽƽŶȥ
һץסźɫˮ
Ȼ֮䣬ˮ֮з͸Ĵ֣һ׵ξ֮Ƕϯȥ
ǶǰһöɫȻųޱȵɫ⻪ǹ׵ξ֮׾ٵȥ
ξ֮޵еĴڣ෴ʿ֮Уӵξ֮رͷ
ǶͥӵرkʥرʥߵػͿԿξ֮ڰ֮֮ȸֹ
һɫӰӴӺʯıɳϢһذŶȥ
⧲֮䣬ǶһرһȻ֡
һذ״Ƿ֮ϣһֱӱ
ذ׼жһ˲䣬ĸһըѿһɿֲ׵˲䱬ӲĽֳ֡߱ذסֱɡ
ͬһսʬɽѪ֮߳ǿߣ֪ٴδɱһʱȷķӦԲ̿͵ذ״Լ塣
ʿ֮УЩ̿ǵذ׶ӵмΪǸŸ涾Ÿֹײе䡢ӡԸ̿õİ취ǲõkǽ
ͬһʱһɫĹâ΢΢һʯҲ⹬֮ڣüɫξƬһ¸ֳµ顣
һɫĹʯüĵξƬ֮һº˶֮ϡ
Ļֶǡ߱ذסһһȥһ±ɫĹ壬k֮Ӵޱȵһ±ֹһ˲䡣
ʯһУǡ߱ذסֱӷ˵kУһذ׺ݺݴ̳˶֮ϡ
ǡ߱ذסһ붼֮ڣӡ˲˶ȫж˵kƿأȫӡ
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ʿ֮УӵԱ仯Ϊ˵ĴڡڸϳⷨԲ١
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908 Ԩ׽
һ޴ޱȵ֮ͭǰˣһϹĳŰֻ۾һȴһޣ·ʵ֮䡣
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֮ڣһ޴Ĺ֮Уһ̨֮ϣӣ֮ϣǿߣÿһǿ߶ɢһ˿˿ĲʥĿֲǿߡ


910 Ԩǵ
ʥǿ߾һιԶȷͳ˧
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ЩԨȨܿŵ666ԨԨǿǼʥʮǿߴƬǱӣʱĿɿڴһĨ֮ɫ
ʥͳ˧ĹǿԭԴݻκһԨλ棬Ҳǹǿ޼ɵĵ
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һħҫıһ¸ֳһԨʹڡ
һԨʹһ֣ſѪڣͷǡ׹Ȩȡ޾ѪԨħŮһȥ
ĸԨȨܵľ󻯱Ԩʹһɣһ˿˿Ԩʹ֮ڲϸ֣ȻĴԨ׵Ȩܶڱܵš
޾Ԩλ֮УĲ޾Ԩ΢΢һһƫԭĹ޾Ԩ666λƶ
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ѵԨλɣ
׵kǸոսԨħʲôʱƿĸĵԨλ棿

Ĳ޾ԨһһԨ׵ĿĸĵԨλ֮ϣжһĨ֮ɫ
ЩԨǶʮһԨλĸĵԨλ棬ĽΪԨλ棬Ԩ׵ȨܽԼμı
Ԩλ棡ǸʲôʱƿĸĵԨλ棡
޾Ԩλһǧ㣬ֺ۰ʥĸĵԨλ޾Ԩ666λƶʱ־ŭƿڴkʮһԨλĴĵԨλ棬ҲδܹѹסԨȨܡ
ʥĶĸԨλһĨ֮ɫkˣ
޾Ԩλ֮УǿһҶ󡣿Ԩ׻ԨħĴ޾Ԩλ֮󡣹ͻһֲǿС
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Ĵĵ޾Ԩһºݺݵײ޾Ԩ666λ֮ϣɽѣضɽҡħѡ
޾Ԩλ˻ƽڵķԲ֮ڣɽӱ飬ħڣħ淭ħɻҡ
ĮޱȵĿħԨħ΢΢һ㣬Ԩ׻ʹһųޱȵĹâѸٵĴԨȨܡ


915 ʥԨħ
Ԩ׻ʹڵõ֧֣âʢһӣһһĴԨȨɡ
Ԩ׻ʹĴԨȨ֮һųޱȵĹâ
޾Ԩ666λ֮УһͨλԨħӶʱִıħӷԨħ˰ߡ
ԨħÿһԨλĸӣҲԨﵮĻءԨħԽִһԨλԨħԽ࣬ԨħҲԽࡣ
һħҫЩΪλײĴ󲿷ħ֮йϡ
λԨ666λΪϵں
Ĵĵλ治ϵıλԨ666λ֮ϣԨ666λҲʱ޿졢չԨ666λλ汾Դÿʱÿ̶ڷ׳š
Ǿ޴ı仯ҹĴĵλȫԨ666λ֮УΪԨ666λһ֡
潫Ԩ׻ʹһ£һ޾Ԩ666λеһжڵkƿ֮С
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޾Ԩ666ĵɨһۣһһĨ֮ɫ޾Ԩ666λĵ֮УȻһk޷ơ
Ϊ޾Ԩ666λԨףûйעһԨ׵Ȩܣ޾Ԩ666λ棬Ͳ޷Ĵڡ
ǵ羹Ȼһ涼޷ơλϲ֮ǰ涼ûиӦƬĴڣһΪµ顣
΢΢һ޾Ԩ666λλ֮һ硣
һһ֣޾ԨλԨ߱㱻ڱΣ޷޾Ԩ666λ֮зһС
淢ԨȨܣһ˸һƬȫ
Ԩ666λڵĳƬһɫӿɢŹޱȵĻ֮涯Ԩ׵Ȩܣ޷Ǻɫڡ
ϸһ㷢Ƭɫ֮ڵĴԴԴϵļȡ޾Ԩ666λ
Ȥĳֽ𣿸ƣ
Ԩ׻һУһռͨȻ֣һǹޱȵķ֮ϡ
ЩһƬɫܼٶѸٵڡ
ǽһһ졢ŤӡڹײıһɫĹ롣
ڹײΧϵȡȵ֮ʯʮ֮ʯǶڹײĵĹײĸ֮ϡ
ڹײĸǵ룬Ƕһöʥ֮ʯһ˿˿ʥ֮ʯ֮ûǹײ֮ڡ
濴һڹײĶʱ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫǹײ浽׳˯ʲôȻʥ֮ʯҲܹŪ֣
ʥ֮ʯ;ԻãһնɱһʥʿĿֲڣkȡʥ֮ʯڶ;ʮö֮ʯټͼ֮ʯͨطۺϳɡ;һѪһһʿϵǻ飬ЩǻѪ⡢۳һ˿ԣƳһʥ֮ʯ
ܹóʥ֮ʯĴڣһǿޱȵĿֲڡҪԣѪһǻľˡ
һִڣ˵ǼΪֵĴڡ
΢΢һһҫɱߴӿռ֮ͨзɳſǿޱȵķڵĹײֱӷȥ
طԲĴڡ޾Ԩ666λ棬ϳ֮һԲвܿƵΣմڴϳ֮ڡ
ҫɱ߸ոտǺɫĹײģһɺޱߣ»ʿǿߵĿֲڰȻ֣ҫɱֱӷնȥ
ǿֲޱȵĺڰһҫɱߵķ֮ϣ㱻Ƿֱӵס
һҫɱ˫һ°ǺɫĹײĹײĸ֮ϡ
ǹײĸ֮ӿҫɱѸʴȥ
ҫɱһ¸ֳһֻֻޱȵ۾ж弶ܹԵϵ֮ײޱȵĹâ΢΢һΣһĨӰһ·ӵǰһնȥ
ʴ֮ǹײĸǾܹҵҫɱʴ˲
Ԩ׻һĨâ̾һ䣬һһҫɱϡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһҫɱֱ߱ӱ촷ۣҫɱоƬһ顣
һᣬһһʿعҫս˲ɳһ³Ǻڹײ֮ǰһ°ǺɫĹײĸ֮ϡ
һ˿˿ɫĹâһ´Ǻɫײĸ֮ͼʴһʿعҫ壬ȴعҫϵķֱӵס

ǺɫĹײĸһ±عҫսƿ˵ϡ
һԵޱȵĺɫâǺɫĹײ֮ںһºعҫս֮ϡ
һعҫս˶ʱһŤֳ۾

һָعҫսһԨȨܣһɿֲޱȵһѹʿعҫսϣعҫսֱɲɻҡ
˭ȻҴΰİħʥߣ
һǹײĸ֮дǺɫײ֮Уһɢһ˿˿ʥϢİͿжħһ˫ۣ廯һ޴зλ֮е޾Ԩ֮
ʥԨħһԨλףħҵĲ£ȥ
һЦһһ·ԨȨܣжǰħһԨλԨ֮ϵ
ҳΪĲ£㻹䣡
ħɨһۣһĨ֮ɫһָ
һɲ֮䣬һ666ԨλԨȨĻʹڱһĴڷɳ֮С
ԨȨĻʹһɳ޾Ԩ666λӴԨ֮ͬˮһǰħϯȥǰħϢҲڽڽ
ħһĨ֮ɫҲ޾Ԩλ666Ԩλˣҹ޾Ԩ666λ棬ҿһ
һûнԨħһѡ޾Ԩ666λͻƿ֮СϧѾԨħӵͬȨޡ˯꣬㵱ǰʥǿߣڻܹʣ¼Ȼ㲻Ը⵱ҵĲ£Ǿ͸ȥɣ
Ԩ׻ɭһЦһ±仯Ϊһ׾޴ĻƽħʿڵĿֲϢǰħֱȥ
һոսԨħСһﾹȻսҾͳȫ㣬ˣΪҽ
ħҲһЦħǹײ֮һµսһ
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һ춯صĿֲըƬصһƬڰħĽֱ֮ӱñ顣


916 ѹʥħ
ǰħһʥĿֲǿߣkΪ߶ʧ˾޴ۣԶ֮¡
ֻǰħԶԨ׻֮ϡǿ߷ɱʧȥԨȨܵļӳ֣澹Ǳǰħȫѹơ
ûжãϱ˺ۣѪϵڴ֮ϡǰħϽֻʮ˺ۡ
ħ֮гջ󣬶ҡǣףʥǿ󣬲ܹĴڡҵֻʮ֮һʧȥԨȨܣ㶼ԲҵĶ֡ңΪЧҿ԰ѽװʥĵý㣬ֻҪ㸨ҽΪħʥҾͻΪʥǿߣ
ϧҽ׵ʱ仹̫ˣ
һĨϧ֮ɫԽսܱԼʵǿĵˡǰħһԨħĻʮ֮һȻǱԼĲ֮
΢΢һЦħһһȷʵĶ֡Ҫܵ㣡
һʿڵĿֲϢһڶһ̺ŷһУ֮׵ĺɫŰħݺնȥ
ħβһ˦һº˺ɫĽ⣬ǺɫĽͬǶ֮ͳͳ顣
һӰαˣֳ˰Ӣˡ
ʿĳʹ
ħһ壬Ŀ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
ħһʥ۷Ԩħǵkȫʢ֮ʱһжҲͬԻܡǻɱԨ׻밢塣
ǰħѾ˯£ʧΪءյkļƻһѣǿһ޾ԨλԨȨܣһ޾ԨλѸٻָ׳ΪԨħ֮󣬶һ޾Ԩλƿ˿kõk޷ٵĶȹڡ
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һĨâһΣһɫŰħӶȥ
Ҳһֳֶʹ֮šʹװסӽŰħնȥ
ƾǣҲңܣ
ħ˫۳죬һŭħ𣬾һж桢ǿսһ
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֮о޴ıը֮ڶǿ֮ɽͱ飬ؿѣռѷ֡
ħǰʥĿֲǿߣȻ˯£Ȼ嵽˼㣬kһжȻռһ˿Ϸ磬ѹס밢֡
˿ڳ밢ϣǰħͬ϶ϵ˿ڡ
һεѪҺ֮䣬˵γһֹĳ
Ȼ֮䣬ʿڵĿֲϢȻʹ֮֮н٣˼սİħȥ
ʿĳʹ
ħһħҫ˷˼һŤһ´ӱ󳤳ֱֻۣһץ
Ѫһħӱ쳤ֱֻ۱֮еһն£˳ն˰ħ֮ϣն޴ޱȵ˺ۡ
ǿԷһеĶ֮ڰħ˿֮õk˿޷ϡ
һ֣ӰҲֳΣǱ˿ŵԭ溣ǿ߼ĶʹԪ˧
ʹǰѾ溣ǿߣ˷ḻޱȵս͵̡kǻ˺ڰѪԴʯ֮ʹŮѩŵıӻ֮£һͻƿΪʿĿֲǿߡ
ϣǣkȻõصչˣԶȰŮöԴҲǽ׳Ϊ溣ڵĴڡҪ׳ΪʿȻңңڡ
ʿĳʹף㻹Ǻñ£Ҽסˣ㾹ȻһҴƣһ֮һὫʬΣ
ħһԹ֮һΣ޾Ԩ666λ֮ȥ
ħһʥ۷ǿߣڵkȫʢʱڣһģҲͬԻˡǵkǲӣ˵Χֻ·һ
ӣ㻹Ǹɣ
һЦų׵ĻƽâȻǰħ˽
ʹɫĹâҫĵŰħֱӹȥ
ҹ
ħһ¸ֳһޱȵӡһǴһȦһ˿Ϣӵkָ֮һţһֻ׵ڵk֮и֡
һֻ׵һ֣޾ĺɫâǹ׵֮ͬɫļһȥ
Ĵǿɫ΢΢һ䣬һʩչһػͬʱ޾ĺɫȥ
Ǻɫ̺һ˿ʥϢףԴݻ١
ֻǻסҪĲλȻ󲿷ֱǺɫļֱӹᴩ϶˿ڣ˿֮ڣϡ
ʹͬᴩ˺ۣѪ˿֮вϵء
ħʹһǷ֮Ϣһ±ɣȴ˵ľ룬ȥһõk޾Ԩλ棬kܹѸٵĻָ

һɸ߹ʥϵϢʹŮѩŻŴޱȵľ֮⣬ͬһʥޱȵŮһ㣬ֳһŮȨȣŰħһָ
һޱȵľԴǰħֱӺȥ
ʹŮʣôܣkһԨħôʹŮĹ
ħ֮һʹŮѩţг𺧣ʧе
ʹŮʿǱʥʿҪϡѼĴڣʹŮ⣬ܹ㹻ԴΪʥʿȫû⡣ʥʿһػ
һޱȵľԣħһҧʩչطһΪѳ룬ֱͬķȥ
ǰħյĴһΪ˶ǰħֻҪһkͲ䡣
һޱȵľһºһħϣһħһľɻҡ
һħֱȼԼͱԴһŤԽѩţλ֮ȥ
ħŷŭޱȵĻ棬ҧгݵɶһΣֻҪǧָܹȫʢˡɶ񣡸ףһָ֮һҪʬΣ
ħѾ׼ڳ˯֮У֮ʯԨλ汾Դ֮ɱ䣬һԾΪһħʥǿߡĳ֣ȫƻ˵kļƻõkԴܵشӳҲʵ䵽ʿ۷壬Ȼõkгŭɱ
Ȼ㻹ɣ
һЦ֮һʿĿֲϢ֮дһʿѪܻݺһƺ˰ħ֮ϣֲޱȵһ½ǰħֱŵ׹䡣


917 ħ
ǰħʩչԴܵشԨ׻ԼʿĳʹΧ֮£ѹ
汾Ȼվ֮УһֻӴޱȵĽӣعҫع׵ͳ˧֮£֮С
޾Ԩ666λ棬޾Ԩλ֮µһŶӡȻκƻ
ǰħ㴩ʿѪܻȴŵkľ汾ԼӴޱȵĻеΧ
濴ǱѹİħһۣһĨɱʥǿ߹Ȼ鴫׼ȫܽkѹ޾Ԩ666λĴλ֮ǱԨ׵ȨܾԲκֻܹѵkˡ
ħ޾Ԩ666λˡҲ֪kʹʲôطԨȨܽȡ֮󣬱޾Ԩ666λĺ֮
Ҫ޾Ԩ666λԨȨܣͱ뽫ħֱӸɵõkĸԸķλ汾Դ
΢΢һĻȻɳһ·ɵǱѹİħǰ͸Ĵһ´˰ħڣͼ֧ǰħ顣
һ˿˿ĻòһĨ밣ħڣʧ
ħһЦûõģףѾʥһ˿ʥ߰ҵѾħʥתκλ޷֧ңһ·ҿ԰ҵıظ㣡ҵı棬Žʥʿİ
ʵԽǿĴڣҪƵkǱԽѡҺ̬ҩʿǿѾȫЧ
ħһʥ۷ĿֲڣȻkѾʮһȴѾʼħʥתЩԿʿķ󲿷ֶԵkʧȥЧ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ĮȻȥˣ
ԨħһЦǰһ˰ħǰ
ħһִħûƭ㡣бءһ¹ͿЩѸٵĻָʵЩ֮У̺ųʥİ
Ƶû˵ѣ
ǰħһ·ҽ֮kʼԨħֱɡ
ϧԨħÿһ𶼽ƻޱȣ֪˶ٺ֡һ뿪˵أҾͻһʥĵˡ
ֻȥĵ˲õĵˣҲȫûк󻼡԰ħȥΪһ
һ䵭ĿŰħԨħֱɡ
Ԩħһ˰ħ֮ſһһ޾Ԩ666ԨȨܵĻʹڱɻ˵kڡ
һΣһԲϾĸоԨȨĻʹ֮дʱоk޾Ԩ666λƿرøǿ󼸷֡
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺һ£ʥʿҲ޷ҵԨȨܣ
ħܹ֮һָͽԨȨܰ룬Ϊk޾Ԩ666ףֻǽȡ˲Ȩ棬޾ԨλαװΪûߵλ档
Үա涼ûΪһ޾ԨλףȻҲԲԨȨܱ˶ߡ
ֻλںϵһ˲䣬ý֮Ԩ׵Ȩܲſһ˿ߣ
ڰĹâҫһ޴ޱȵĺڶΧԨ֮
µԨλԨ֮ԴԴϵӿԨħڣõkΪڽһͻƵʿֹͣ
濴Ԩ֮Ԩħ֮ɫ˰ħһʥǿߣֻҪԴ㣬һԨ׻һֱ׵ʿ۷嶼ֻʱ⣬ǱԨħҪǿ̫ˡ
ʿ֮УǿڵĽԽ棬ԽѡԨħħ֮ĽҲֻܹʿڣԴ
Ԩħ˰ħһŵİʥԨħǱȻһֱԨħ۷壬ʲôѡ
սѸٵķ˽޾Ԩ666λԾ֮У׷ʧ
ԨħԨȨܣ΢΢һΣ˻ƽλ֮ϣ·ĴԨ󹫾һԨħڵĿֲӵk֮·
󹫾һӦǹɿֲ׵Ϣʱɫ䣬κˣԨħڣkȻ׵ԨħڣôܣkĽٶôô죿
ʶ󹫾ҲĿɿڴ֮ɫԨħڣôܣkںĴĵλ棬ҲܽôŶԣ
ŵ󹫾´󹫾ĻҲ¶֮ɫ
溣ϵǿڻҪʮѡ󹫾ĴԨ󹫾Ԩ󹫾۷ϣܹ׵ѡ
Ԩħڵǿ߽ԨħѶȣֻǱ溣ǿ߽ʿѷһ
ԨħǺķ˼ǼʮʱͻƿԨħڽ׳ΪԨħڡ
һԨħԭҪΪԨħڣҪϵΧԨλ棬λȻλķѼΪԨħڵĴڡ
֮ϣ·һ𾪵ĴԨ󹫾΢΢һԼӽҾǵ޽˹ͬ˵ˣ
ĴԨħ󹫾һĨϲɫл£
ûйǿһвЩԨħ󹫾ԻķչڼȻ޽˹ͬˣôʵȻԽǿԽá
ĴԨħ󹫾ܹ֮ϰϣʵǿ󡢱֮⣬ͬˣᱧȡ
浭˵ħŮʸǿйᣡ
ʶ󹫾ûǿǰħħŮסҪӭȢk
Ԩħ󹫾ʱԶȻһֱ޷׳ΪԨħǱȴ鲼޾Ԩ޾Ԩ֮У֪˶ٰӡ
ħ֮ڣͬĴԨħ󹫾õĶĿ
кâ޾ԨĸԨλ棬ħŮԼ䵳Ĵ£
Ԩħ֮󣬱Լ޾Ԩλ棬ַʽԼλĽǱħŮԼ䵳𣬱ԵĿꡣ
ĴԨħ󹫾âӦһǣ£
һһ´ݵ޾Ԩλ棬һԨ׵ǰ
ûã޾Ԩλ涼Ѿ֪666ԨλԨħ׺޾ԨλԨֽ޾Ԩ777λħŮԼ丽
вԨʮֹϵѡӦĺ٣Ԩ˼죬ûκηӦֻſħŮʻƴ


918 ɱӺ
޾Ԩλ679ĳУûʳУһԨλԨô󹫾ֽһʿͷ飬ſһʿĻֱУ¶һ˿顣
ΰħʹѾߴ٣ǰ޾Ԩ666λ档
һͷԨʿڵһߴףɣÿһӡ˫ȼһħô󹫾
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ô󹫾޾Ԩλ679Ԩףִ޾Ԩλ679ԨȨܣԼλ֮УԨħҲǵkĶ֡
ƴ󹫾ҹ
һɲ֮䣬Ԩ׻ǻƽħпޱȵһƬըѿ
Ǻûʳ֮Уħ֮£׷ըѣɢ䡣
ħԨħħ
һͷԨʿ֮΢΢һһĨ־֮ɫʧе
һ֮£ͼħ飬ԨʿˣԨħĿֲ
ƴ󹫾˫һȼ˷ŭĻ棬ԨȨһʱһ
ֻ޾֮վˣΪ֮Ԩ׻ڵk߷ֱվʹŮѩšʿǿԼϣǡ
ԨħǿߣǸ쵰ĸطôԨħǿߣ
ƴ󹫾ӿһ˿ԤУԥԨȨ֮е˲Ȩܡ
һɫĹâڷƴ󹫾֮и֣ȻԨ˲Ȩܷʧܡ
һԨ׵λ֮УҪԸһԨȾҪϳԷ˲ȨܡһԨԼλ֮е˲ƣûûˣԻܵkҲԻɱk
ƴ󹫾˫֮кâһԨȨܣӴޱȵԨ֮һ¹עkڣõkһͻƿʿڣ̤һߴ׵ĹǺûʳ֮һ·𣬰Ȼɵ֮С
ƴ󹫾վǹ֮Ķһкħλ棬ʲô£
ƴ󹫾㾹Ȼҵйᡣ걾ԴԨȨܣʹҾһȥ
ƴ󹫾Цħʲô͹湴ᣡֻҪҵԨλˣαҪһ٣Ľڣ
Ƶϵʲô飬ܹҪд֣ȽϺãҪ޾ԨԨףɱӺѡеֻ
ҪɱңǾҪûǸˣ
ƴ󹫾âһһŭ𣬷ԨȨܣһָ
һɲ֮䣬һɷ·޾ųݺݵѹϣõkȫƬ޾ԨԨָ֮κη޷ش·ħһ㡣
ǿֲޱȵѹǰһһҪİٱ޷ӳԨħĿֲս
ͷȻҶ԰ְֳ֣
ǰȻվɫѩü΢΢һ壬һȣֳȨǷƴ󹫾һָ
һ̺ɰ壬·ܹһĿֲڶȻ֣Ƿƴ󹫾ѹȥ
Ƿƴ󹫾ɫ΢΢һ䣬ſһ磬һɫĹӵkǿֲ׵ĺڶ档
һɫĹֻӻǿֲڶķУȴȻǿֲ·ĺڶȫɡ
ƴ󹫾ɫ䣬һڵkһͷԨ󹫾ĹȻɳݺһצǿֲ׵ĺڶȥ
һڶһ±ֲޱȵԨ󹫾ĹУ΢΢һмǺڶ֮
ƴ󹫾һ־ҽеԸͶһ
ʹŮѩŵĿֲԶԶ˷ƴ󹫾󣬵kԨȨܽ׶ɵԨħʹŮѩǰֱһ
һһƴ󹫾ԨȨѹѩţkмʤ㡣ԨȨѾѹסԨħѹѩš
ˣҪɱӺܵɱֻС
һֲ׵ĺڶһײһ½ƴ󹫾ֱɡ
ף㲻ú
㡭

Ǻڶ֮У˷ƴ󹫾ޱȵĲҽУ֮󣬱ûϢ
ĬģһָһɫĹâֱû˺ûʹ֮ڡ
һֻ׵ָȻ֣һ޾ԨλԨȨܵľ󻯡
һ¸ֳһԨʹڣſѪһָһ˽ȥ
¡
޾Ԩ679λ΢΢һȻ޾Ԩ666λȥ
ȻǵĿǾͳͳȥɣ
ѩɨһǺûʹһЦʹŮȨ·һָ
һޱȣ̺žʹ֮һǺûʹ֮ϡ
һҽ֮УǺûʹħǽ֮һɻҡ
ʹŮʣ
濴ѩţԽԽϲ
ѩŲʸ߹סǱ޾ѿʼʹŮʣӡ֮⣬׽ޱȣҲԶԶǰԪ˧ܹĴڡ
޾Ԩ679㣡ô£
޾Ԩ679ķз޾Ԩ666㣬ѵ˵ƴ󹫾Ѿɵ𣿡
ôܣƴ󹫾һԨ󹫾Լλ֮ڣԨħڵkλ֮УҲǵkĶ֣
ÿٶȣôô죿

ЩԨͨԨȨܿ޾Ԩ679޾Ԩ666ȥһ֮ɫ
ЩԨǶһҪؾǵkԼλ֮УһԨħҲδǵkǵĶ֡
޾Ԩ679ֱӱɣζ޾Ԩ679ԨײǱɱѾ档
¡
һ֮У޾Ԩ679һ׹޾Ԩ666֮ϣ޾Ԩ666֮ڡԨλںϵĹ֮УԨ׻Ҳ˾޴ޱȵĺô
ô쵽ģ
ڸô죿

ЩԨһɲ˾֮С
ûã޾Ԩ634λ΢΢һһǣ޾Ԩ666ķȥ
޾Ԩ634λ棡
ά󹫾Ҳⶾ𣿡
ÿٶȣħһһͬǿ֣߰
ô죿
ֻܹkˣȻûˣ

޾Ԩ634λ׹䣬һ³ΪѹЩԨħһݣЩԭһѱ˿ʹߵԨһ̬ȴ䣬ɳʹһΪϱظַ֤ħŮʵ֮ڡ


919 
һһԨ׼ַħŮʵˣ˱úƴޱȡ
޾Ԩ֮УȻгһԨԹۣûмˡ
޾ԨˮأҲǣϾĸ֮ءһħʥǱҲϡ档
ƽħ֮ڣԨ׻֮ϣвš
޾ԨʿʵۼǿߵĿֲλ档޾ԨһԨħÿһԨħʿʵۼĿֲڡ
һԨħΪԪľ긯ڶԨħ˵ҲΪԪľ긯
ǵԨħʱ֣֮ȻҰʱ֮Уʱ֮ɱȴͬҲشʱ֮
Ԩħʱ֮ɱ֮˴ʿʳճÿһγư£ǰ޾Ԩλɨɱ溣ϵԨס
溣ϵԨÿһײޱȣҲƸֶرϺòϡͬʱÿɵһԨףܹɻЩԨղصıأȻЩĶǿִ˲ƣ
޾ԨλԴʿʳճ֮󣬾ҲûеԨħ
ûеԨħĵ޾Ԩ֮еǿҲʮֽƻǰħͨԨȨָܷķʽ޾Ԩ666λ֮Уʿķâ
ЩԸ˳ԨȻҲӵǿޱȵĵơ
濴еһһĨϧ֮ɫϧЩһﷴӦ죬ԶֵļһﶼѾˡ
ʶ󹫾Ĵ󹫾ˣkǵ鱨ϵͳҲ濪ţ鱨ܹ׼ޱȵѡ679λ͵634λ棬λԨ׸ɵɵkǵλ档
޾Ԩ֮Увλܣʶ󹫾˵Ĵֶ޷Щλ档Ԩλ棬ҲԸȥǣһǳһʥԨףҪһ
׻ħŮʶûʲôԨףԨ۸űǹѡΪѹĿꡣ
Ȼ֮䣬һӵͨѶͷָ΢΢һȣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڵȵˡ
޾Ԩһǧ㣬Ψһһ񳲹֮ڡ
ֺ۰ʥһױ777λ棬ҪǵħŮɱΨһܹɱ׵Ļᣡ캣ʥҽͳһֻɱף
캣ʥһУħΪƻ֮ǰոܡһΣٴδܣǾסǰضʮѡ
ֺ۰ʥͬ۵ĶͽһΪ޾Ԩ666λ棬kԨȨ޷ƣʵ㣡һΣ޾Ԩ777λ棬ûԨȨܣǵĶ֡
ֺ۰ʥʱĴʮֲkȷ֮еλѾ½˵k֮⣬ҲûһֱֱӵkkȻЩ溣ǿߣҲѾ˹ϷһաkʮּУҪץסһĻᡣ
캣ʥУǹش˵أһǰأȴԮ
ֺ۰ʥҧгݵǳˣֻҪǰ˵طأһֻͿԽѣɵħ
޾Ԩ666һսֺ۰ʥֱȫСøֺ۰ʥȷ֮Уλһǧɡk޲ýʬΡ
캣ʥɫ亮¹شôﱩ¶
Ͽʥֺ۰ʥ侲һ㣡Ҫ޳ͷԡ
ֺ۰ʥһħŮѾԼ׵Ķ֣ѵǾҪĿ̲ħŮʵλ棬øǿ𣿡
캣ʥϿʥüͷ΢΢һĬ
Ԩ׻̲ħŮʵλ棬ضʵͬʱǹǿҲΪ޷ԼѶ޾ԨԨų⣬ڵkǵ֮ǰ޾Ԩλ潫е¡
ϿʥһĨâɱӿҾøֺ۰ʥĻûǾ;ѻףЩ΢¼ĳǼʶһǹ
캣ʥ΢΢ЩԾĿ˰Ͽʥһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ŰϿʥķ˺һͬ⡣
޾Ԩһǧλ棬һſ񳲴λ֮иڵ֮зɳһŶΪףʮ˿һΪ񳲾žֱ޾Ԩ777λȥ
ǹĴkǳˣ
kǹȻûħŮʣ
ȤһħǹǲǹkضҰܣǲk޾Ԩű½һء

һԨǿŹǿ߷޾Ԩ777λ棬һ¶ֻ顣
洴ַħŮһٻԨףγһӴޱȵ
ЩԨһԻҵԨɣ໥֮ûֹͣơɱ
ڿħǹǿ֮໥ɱȻЩԨ˷ܲѡ
һſһ·޾Ԩ777λ棬ħ
Щһϣ㵮룬˴֮ڣĳȡ޾Ԩ777λԨ֮
Ǻ塢ǿװЩԽʵһ󾳽ļеȱҲҪ񳲵תſֽ硢޸սʿҲͬҪĺ
һӰǶ֮зɳһɰʥĿֲϢʱħһҲħħŮʳң
һɫĹâҫǴźɫ޾ףǵħŮʴħӰ˹һħŮʼְʥ
ְʥħŮһ̾Ȼʮֳɫ֮ѡе
ˣ
ħŮȻһЦĽְʥӭ˹֮ڡ
ħŮȻ֮ѡеõߣɵkϾͷϡȻǼְʥҲҶԵk̫
֮ǹ֮һֻҪ΢ʾ⣬ְʥĴھͻᱻ÷ǡ
Ĵ֮УҲֻʥʿĴڣֵõkһֻʿʵۼǿߣŻõkӡĴڣϣֵһᡣ
޾Ԩ666λ棬ƽ֮ڡ
֮ϣڵk·Ԩ׵ĻЩԨ׻жŲ֮ɫ
һԨԨС£ǿ߼ȻѾפ޾Ԩ777㣬ǲӦѡʱ䣬޾Ԩ777㡣
ԨҲСĿ棬ЩԨ״󲿷ֶûд󱳾ͺ̨ԨףвԨԨԨס
ǹǿߵǿ˶ĿáһԼԨλ֮лܶԷ˶ΪԨȨܹܲ쵽һ漣


920 ǿ
޾Ԩ777λԨħŮʵĵ̣ħŮ޾Ԩ777λ֮ռټǹİʥǿߣ漯Ԩ׵Ҫ޾Ԩ777λ棬Ȼ졣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ѿ¶ģ֮ǿ޾Ԩ777λ档Ǹٴ󣡡
ǣ£
ԨһۣһĨ֮ɫҧӦ
޾Ԩλλ治ͬȻ޾Ԩӵһǧλ棬λҲ֮ͬλ桢λһеȼ֡һԨħǿߣҲԽ͵ȼ9Ԩλ棬ܵԨλ汾Դ־ѹơ
ǼԨǼȻ棬ʵȻҲǿȥֻܹҧŵkܹЩħѹ
֮£һһԨĸսһԨλ֮зɳƺƵĻ޾Ԩ666λ档
֮һֻŸսγɵĿֲӣ޾Ԩ777λȥ

һʹ溣ǴĹħ֮ϣ޾Ԩ777λħ
޾Ԩħ֡ԨħγҺԨͬˮһ޾Ԩ777λϯȥ
ħͬӿԨħԨħҺԨɱһ
ս룬һ˲ͳˣ·仯Ϊ˼Ҳ̶ãֻͨҪһۣͻŻµû
ħӿԨħԶԨħɳԨħ򡣿ԨħɳԨħȴԶħԨħ֮ϡ
ȻѾﵽһħӿԨħȻ𽥱ʳһˡ
һ˿ɫħҫһȦȦޱȵս֮лص
֮ɳԨħű޾ԨԨ֮ų⣬ָһ½һΪֲĳ̶ȡħԨħȷǵõԨ֮ļӳ֣սʱһֹ
ԨȨܵļӳֺ֮£ħԨħһͬڱˮĴĽʯһ㣬˿
ĿĮĿ·ԨħħԨħɱħԨħȻޱȡʵǿ󣬿Ͼ̫٣õԨλ֮ļӳ֣⣬Ҳջᱻĺ
һȺ
һмս֮ϻصŸȻֻ֣ǿγɵľŴӾŸһͻս֮ϡ
ǹÿһֻŶ溣ǿͳ˧Щ溣սǿһͻսͬһ⵶һ׾ٵĽϮԨħп޼ɵķɱԨħ
ЩԨħȻƴǵkǵĹǹǿϣҲֻܹɱһЩ»ʿĹǿߡ
ɽǹǿһͶսս֮ϣͬѩһ㣬Ԩħɢ
ǱЩԨɳ־ŵԨҲǹǿһһɱ
Щս֮ϵԨһɫ԰ףеѪſ־֮ɫ
ǿǹǿߣȻǿ󣡡
̫ˣһǶԨħԨȨܲŽҽkǻܡûԨȨܣǹǿ߹Ȼǿÿ¡
ǿߣȻǿÿ£

޾Ԩ777λ˿ûзڣЩԨǿǹľͬɱһ׵ɱԨγɵĴʱɫһ±ޱȡ
Ԩ׷ֿ϶ں֮ڣʵ̫ǿԨ齨ӴħŮʵԨҲǶ֡һֻӴޱȵԨڶǹǿߣȴǲһʱЩΧ۵Ԩе
ħ֣һս
ֺ۰ʥ΢΢һΣħϷĿһ´Խ޾Ԩ777λ棬ڵ콢һЦԹޱȵĹâ
һĿⶼϣҪkʲôơ
ЩԨ׶滯ħԲһɵӣȻkҶ޾Ԩ777λ֣ͱضӵԼĵơ
΢΢һЦȻˣǾʶһ£ѵ
һֻǽβڲӰ֮У·һ鴬һ㽢Ϊ׵ս֮âһ춯صĹ˲£һº֮ϡ
춯صĹ֮£һ±ֱ·ɽɢء
Ϊ׵鴬һֳΣǼս
ôԴ֮еĽ쵥ԪʼתҹͣĽعҫǼսǿǿɱ֮һ
һͬһǽ֮зɳ·
Щ»ʿĹǿǹ֮£ͬһ㱻ֱӺ顣
ӴޱȵĽ弶Եָӵ֮£ȷޱȣƽܹһ»ʿĹǿߺƬ
еսսħ棡սħ棡
׾棬ףħսħĻ֮һ
ѾȻսħ棬սħĵ̻Ǿˣ庣ѫһˣ

һԨ׶ĿϣƻޱȵĴڡһӴޱȵĻеţ㽫µð˾Ųʮһж𺧡
汾溣ǿ߼ĴڣһԨ׻Ѿ׵Ԩħڣֽٶȣֱ졣
ħڣֺ۰ʥգҧгݣɳһ׺ŭХ棬㣡ҼסˣһὫʬΣ
ǿļսͬˮһ޾Ԩ777ռȥЩľɱһ
Ǿ޴ıը֮ڶÿʱÿ̶ļս˱ǹǿߴݻ٣ͬÿʱÿҲкĹǿ䡣
弶սγһֻеţһɱսͬһ⵶һ˹һź󷽣ǹľֱпɱ
ɳĻеżɱ֮ԴԴϣǸֺ۰ʥ֣ǹǿڵľŵĶ֡
ֺ۰ʥһŭХŵĶȻ֣һſһȻɳûǶΧ
Ƕ֮һ֮ڣϽǶ֮Щһ񳲸ǡ
ǶҲһ䶯仯Ϊһߴǧףɢſֲ鲼ڿڵĸˡ
һâҫǶ񳲻ĸ˷Щ弶ս֮ϣһڱ㽫һ弶սֱӺ촷ۣоƬ飬ٴ顢ĻᶼûС


921 ͻ
濴·񳲱仯ɵĸˣ¶һ˿ȤߵƼеƼںϵ·ӡߵӰô
ÿһ֮ӣһ澫㲻࣬ʱˢĿֲڡ
ÿһһ˾Ϳѹһܼ档
ҪΪһ߳һְ֮⣬ʱ塢ռ塢˰壬ڻܹͨΪߣ겻࣬㲻
Ļеû꣬޷Ϊߡ˼ƼеƼںϵ·ӡ
һЦϣ˵kǣ
һɢſֲϢԺڻʽ溣ʿĹһս֮зɳۡ溣ǿ߼Ĺ֮£ħȥ
Щÿһӵпֲ׵Ѫ֮츳潫ЩڻʽĹյ֮󣬱㽫ʿ֮ռĸطڸ˵kǣҽkǶ֮֮Упޡ
ЩԺڻʽĹһЩطһԼѪ֮ӵ˸̵աkԶʿʺЩǿޱȵѪطϾkǾѪĹ񡣵kһЩѪطսʱԼμԶԶԽͬǿߡ
ǹһսţһֻľŹȥ
ɣ
Цֻ۾֮Уһ⣬ڰ֮кΪһһºһӰ溣ǿߵ֮ϡ
츳ħײޱȣʥʿǿ߱ħб壬ǲʥ嶼ܵˡǷӰ溣ǿߺ֪ʱ򱻴һǣȻ˲ҷ
һŭͬʱһٶȰ֮Уλȣʮֹĳһĳ溣ǿһȭſֲޱȵһ溣ǿߵڡ
һ壬ٶȷ򡣵õ潻kѪط֮ӴޱȵѪ֮׺ףһЩһʿҲֻѷһսޱȡkһȭǳ溣ǿ߱ϣֲޱȵ˲䱬һ溣ǿһ촷ۡ
ֲֿ׵Ĺ츳ս֮ϱ֧֮λ泬ǧĹһٴγǰݿһ㽫һֻǿ߻ܡ
ʮӵпֲ츳溣ǿĲסһˣһιʮӵз츳溣ĵסҲϵ
ЩΪڻҵԨħԨħҲûΧɱЩɢĹǿߡ
ǼΧɱ֮£ǹǿ߷׷䣬һƬƬѪ䡣
Ǹֺ۰ʥ֣ЩǿҲֻбµǿɱķݡ
ֺ۰ʥһսɣ
Ԩħ֮ħڣһ޾Ԩ777λȥһԨħڵĿֲϢ˷ɢȥ
Ԩħڣkֽˣôô죿
ô£kôֽˣk֮ǰǸողŽԨħôô죿
kȻ˼Ԩλ棬ҲԲôôŶԣ
kʲôѵkһħʥ𣿡

һޱȵĿ⼯ϡ
޾Ԩ666λ˼Ԩλ棬λںϲĺôҪǼǧܹ֡˰ħһʥ걾Դɱͽڽʿ۷֮ǰֻǻ۵⡣λںϵɣܹ˿ٵĽʿڡ
ħƾ㣬ΰĸֺ۰ʥһսһս
һɺޱȣԨħڵĿֲһڶ˵ע֮£ǴһɫսףԵԸ޾׵ħŮʼӳԨȨ֮󣬻ӴޱȵԨ֮һ·ɵ˸ֺ۰ʥߣӣ΢ţ
ֺ۰ʥһЦûħħŮһսܹʤùkҾͽս
Ŷ
΢΢һ¶һ˿ζЦ⡣
һɲ֮䣬ħŮһжһ߱ذסʮȻŸֺ۰ʥһ̡
Ǹֺ۰ʥһ˲両ֳһʽķ֣ǡ߱ذס׵Ĺᴩһʽķһ´˸ֺ۰ʥڡ
ɫӡͬˮһӿ˸ֺ۰ʥڣʴǸֺ۰ʥ壬һ˲㽫Ǹֺ۰ʥӡ
㣬㱳ǣ
ֺ۰ʥĶħŮʣ˫۳죬һ춯سŵ֮
˵Ҫ̫Ůˣ
ħŮ¶һޱȵЦݣѩ覵̺λԨ֮Ÿֺ۰ʥݺݺȥ
ס֣
Ȼ֮䣬Ĺ֮УһŰ׵ʿǿߺȻɫ䣬һ±ʥĿֲϢħŮȥħŮǿɱֺ۰ʥֻҪһ˲䣬ͻᱻkֱشǻɱ
ħŮߣһȥͨͨħһչһԶʹ֮ʿĿֲϢһīȼŶ֮׵Ķʹ֮ŻһеϢһαװΪͨʿİʥǿնȥ

һİʥǿָһǶʹնĶʹ֮ϣǶʹ֮һҲֱһѪٹ
ôһ˲䣬ħŮһƺǸֺ۰ʥ֮ϣֲ˲䱬ӡĸֺ۰ʥһƺ飬顣
ħŮʵֺ۰ʥվҲشǻɱkǸֺ۰ʥǡ߱ذסӡűħŮһ顣

ǴɫеĹʥϵɫһ±ϽɫҲһһֳ˺ʥݡ
ֻǴʱǺʥɫ࣬лž֮ɫ
ʥǿ߷ͬСɣʮʥ棬ҲǽʥʿĿֲڡ
ǹҲǸ˾޴ޱȵĴ۲Žʥͨռѷ촫͵磬һ¸ֺ۰ʥ䣬ǹȷ˵һ޴ޱش
֣
ħŮһȣһֻֻޱȵԨħŴӴħɱΧǹǿߡ
ЩԭԨħžħŮʲҲһǹǿ߹ȥ
ǹǿΧ֮£ʱ˲ء
ħŮʾȻħˣ
ħŮʾȻħһһ£ǿ군ˣ
ʥǹǿΪΧɱħȻʥϧһεkǻǰˣ

޾ԨһԨǿǹǿ߱ɱ滯ħиӼɵ


922 ն
֮Ȩܣѹ
ħŮһӳȫ룬֮һĨâתԨȨܣǺ캣ʥһָ
һɺޱߵԨ֮һԿļĲ˺캣ʥ֮ϡ
ͬʱ޾Ԩ777еҲų캣ʥ۵kʩչʲô֮ķ±롣
»ʿϵǿ֮ʵԶԶǿʿΪkǵĶַܹ֮ͨӴ
Ǻ캣ʥԨƣֱλų⣬ʵȻ䵽ԨħڣҲû޵аʥķɡ
ħǸŮ˾յ𣿼ȻˣͳͳɣϿʥ֣
캣ʥһĨһ
һһ񳲺ȻѿԭӦ޾ԨһǧλȻɳ
֮УһͬһĸֱӴ֮С
һֲޱȵ֮޾Ԩ777λԨ֮ա
һɺޱߣ޾޽ӽʥʿĿֲ֮
񳲣ȷ֮еǿս
ʥֲֳøֺ۰ʥôĻħ
ħŮʱѣħһξˣ

޾Ԩ֮УһԨ׼һĻʱһ
ЩԨǶӵԼ鱨֪񳲵Ŀֲ֮
㹻ǿߴ߶ܹӳʥʿܡΪˣЩǿռ޾Ԩλһǧ֮󣬲ûʥʿǿҵk鷳
Щǿռ޾Ԩλһǧ֮Ҫϵʥʿǿ߲ܹٵĴ۽kѹ
֮УʥʿҲһЩÿһһػײ໥ǣ֮£ǹǿң
񳲵Ҳûǹǿû񳲣ҲͱЩʥʿɱ
񳲺Ȼ΢΢һһֻף·̺޾ڰ֮Ȼ֣סħŮʡ
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ħŮʶʱͬ߶ϵһ㣬һëȻԤУһȣͬʱһ·ԨȨܣͼ˲Ƶ޾Ԩ777λ羡ͷ
ħŮʷԨȨܵʱ򣬵kžֵķ֣ԼԨ˲ȨѾѹ޷һŨŨԤӿͷ
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Ԩħ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һǵۼرն񵶡ֵkС
һ˿˿ֲ׵ĵȻǡն񵶡֮ӵһն
һɲ֮䣬һնǳݻλ桢һеİɫնȥ
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캣ʥһĻһĨ֮ɫȼԼԴüĵĺ⾧ȻɳһĨѪһ·ɵϷγһ鲼εĺɫ硣
ɶҾͲӦֺͬ۵飡
֮ڣϿʥһھѪһҰܣʩչطһӡ֮ڸ֡
һ޾γɵĺɫȻ֣֮⡣
һԶΪıζɵĹһήеȡ֮ڣΪǺɫֵԴ
նǳݻһеİɫһնǺ⾧֮ϣһǺ⾧ֽͬһ飬Ǻ⾧Ҳֱն顣
⾧һƣ캣ʥһѪϢһɰʥ䵽ʿڣɫ԰ޱȡ
ǰɫ˳һնγɵĺɫ֮ϣٴνǺɫķп
һΣǰɫĵâ΢΢һȻ˲СkȻն֮ϡ
һɲ֮䣬ɢһ˿ʥʿһıըѿһֱ֮һǰɫĵʧ
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kӦòĻkһϹĻ˭վڵk󣿡

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һش񳲣Ԩ׻һĨƣ֮ϣ۰µӣķ˸ҳû֡
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ǿֵķǼսڹ֮£һ±˳ƺ֮ϣһľ顣
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һɲ֮䣬޾Ԩ777㶼ʼų񳲣õk޷ȡһ
ȫѹħŮʵԨȨܣǿӶ޾Ԩ777ĸǵkһش˵˱ԴѾʧȥֲֿ
ĻеͬˮһӿȥĹ񳲡
ܹ²һ񳲣ǾͿͨݹĿƼ
ɫĹâҫ塢ɯʿĳʹȻɳź캣ʥȥ
캣ʥϢŰʥսԼãȻһжռϷ硣
ս֮ϣǹǿȴһ浹ıɱ
ԨħԨħššеţÿһֲףǹɳľΧɱ
һޱȵĹͬһոŹǿߵ˾
Ȼˣ޾Ԩ777λϿգȻһֻӴޱȵĽӣͼͼıĴڡ

֮ڣϿʥɫ԰ҽе
һ³һԾ޴ޱȵĳ΢΢һģȻԶȥ
Ĺǿߴ֮зɳĻеɱһ
βЩǿ߾ǸϺĲӡ
һЦ֣
ǿȻɢŨŨһս֮ϣ񳲸һͳͳڡ
عͳ˧ŵһعҫȻɱͬһսìǹ񳲷ȥ
ǹĲбعҫһӴ㱻пƾعҫս
ǿֲعҫŴ̴˹бķһµ½񳲣һ߷ƻһУһ񳲵ĺ֮ȥ
ЩӿĹǿ߶ЩײޱȵعҫսһһΧɱ
ϿʥһĨҪȡǵ񳲣ΰɣͬھɣ
ʱһ͸ޱȵĴʮֹĴ֮һ´ǰϿʥڣk˫΢΢һİ˳֮С


923 ѹʥ
Ļ׽ʵ֮Ĺڣжޱȣͬ顣ΪֲĴ̿͡
԰ϿʥΪĻһӽk֮ڣͻᱻk֪ǵkǡն񵶡شֱŨڱ˸֪еעֵعҫűĻ׳ûһ֡
һʿǿ߳ˣڸô죿
Ͽʥ磬סkǣԲܹõkǽֻҪܹӻ޾Ԩһǧ㣬пΪ
һΣħŮ湴ᣬǹǿ߾Բܵôҡ
񳲻ûзӳȫͱ涯նһն顣̫޾Ԩ777λ֮Уλ涼ųkõk޷ȡ㹻ǿ
޾Ԩһǧ㣬Ԩ׵ȨܣλԨ֮ӳ֮ڣټϰϿʥȹǿߵ֣ʥʿҲһս
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һ𰵺ʿһĨâǿȥ
ǰϿʥ֮£񳲵иֶkɳȥعҫɱ
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ϿʥһʥĿֲǿߣǱնһش˱ԴĻ׸ʴkȻĻʴϿʥҲʮּѡ
ǰʥǿߣȻѲ
汾һǼսĽڣ·캣ʥüͷ΢΢һ塣
Ǻ캣ʥǰʥǿߣȻˣȻһжס˰ʿĳʹ
弶սǰȥΧǺ캣ʥȻkһһƣࡣ
汾һ»һʧ磬һ칭С
΢΢һڵ֮ĳȡ޾֮ע칭֮ڡ
칭ʱҫһޱȵļʸ̺䴩ǳΰǺ캣ʥȥ
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һޱȵļ˲Ϣ֮䶴˺캣ʥͷųһη磬ᴩ˵k壬kһ¶˵ϡ
Ǻ캣ʥȫʢʱ칭ǿkͬҲԵ¡ǵk⾧ƣԴܵش
˳һ˺캣ʥڣӴޱȵİӡӡӡں캣ʥڣ캣ʥֱѹ
һ֮֮һǼս£Ǻ캣ʥϣֱӽǺ캣ʥ͵Ǽսķӡ棬ȫӡ
һܺ캣ʥ΢΢һΣصһǼս֮ڣתطָԼ
޾Ԩ֮УӵǿĴڣЩԨҲһƲ磬΢¶һ˿kǾͻͬҰһ˺ɷ顣
ЩԨǿֻܹһԣĿǹǿ߱һɱ
Ȼ֮䣬һԨλ֮УɳһҰ׹Ǵ޾Ԩһǧȥ
޾Ԩһǧ㣬ǹǿߵϳ
ǿߵϳض౦
ʥѾ֣޾ԨһǧޱȣǶֵĺûᣡ

Щ̰ԵԨһḬ֮̃ɫһѸٵĽһʱˡ
һֻֻħ޾Ԩ֮зɳγһֻֻӴޱȵĽӣ޾Ԩһǧķȥ
ǹǿȫʢ֮ʱǵkǵϳȻû˸Ҷ֡ɹʥ񳲣Լֶ޾Ԩ777λ漤սϳ飬Ƕֵĺûᡣ
ɨЩ޾ԨԨһЦҲûгĿһ񳲡
֮ڣ˰Ͽʥ֮⣬ʮʿǿߡ
һιǱʨӲȫͷʥǿ߶һ񳲡ʮʿ
ڶ࣬ն񵶣һն񳲣شϿʥ캣ʥͬʱħŮʷѣһоͷϵ˸ֺ۰ʥ¹˭ֻδ֪֮
֮ڣǹʮʿҲһشԴܵ˾޴˺Щƽȼʿ۷عҫΧɱ֮£һһޱȵıɱѹ
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һʿһŭһģһٺɫĻȻʮعҫս֮ϡ
ʮعҫս˵ķһ±飬һ̯ϽҺ档
һɲ֮䣬һܾǿ֮󣬽溣عҫս˶Ȼϲռ֮ͻƣһնǳʿ֮ϣǳʿնѿ
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һ֮У溣عҫǽһƱڶݺһǳʿ֮ϣǳʿն飬Ҳһͬ飬ɡ
һܾǿ֮ﵽ溣عҫ΢΢һһɿֲޱȵϢȻӵkĻ֮죬Χһܼعҫս˷׷׷kɡ
һعҫһټعҫ֮΢΢һȻǴһȦֳޱȵӡһٽΪعס
һع΢΢һΣһ˵عҫ֮һȦȦҫعҫٴβ
ع໥عҫŵսٴαһɡ
عֲһԽ࣬γɵĹԽֲ
ӵʮ溣ع׵ʮع֮໥õkͳͳӵʿĿֲ
عҫʵǹǿʵһһ֮䣬ǹǿ߱ٶȷӿ졣
սСʱǽ޾Ԩ777λĹǿ߱㱻һȫ
ϿʥĻ׿ƣһҲƿ֮С
ǹǿȫ֮Ųĵ޾Ԩһǧķ
һ뵽ڶͥһս֮УǲҮͳ˧Ԩħǿߣоӿһ˿˿ԤС
ǹǿߴ޾Ԩ֮У˵ںԲܹkǵĴڡ
޾Ԩ֮ӵأԴǿʿʵ۵ԨħСԨ׻ʵһǿ޾ԨҲ˸Ұġ
Ԩ׻ܹ޾ԨһǧͳͳУһɿֲ֮УΪ֮Ŀ
ӴޱȵĽһɵ޾Ԩһǧ㸽ͨȫϢͶӰ޾Ԩһǧ֮еս
ʱ޾ԨһǧΧͣĸħԴԴϵԨħħ֮зɳͶ޾ԨһǧڣƻһС


924 ֱ
޾Ԩһǧڲ̣ԨħУ޾Ԩ֮һڵ㡣
޾ԨһǧѾǹǿ߸ΪʺϹǿ߾סĻһΪ㣬һС
ϾǹǿҲǻ壬һǸߵǻ壬ҲܷɵҪ
ԨħĹһУЩǿɱһС
ЩǿǷûĳУʮӵػĳУЩԨħɱһС
ЩԨħȻ޾Ǵ󲿷ֶֻǶʿҵڻҡЩӵ»ʿսĹǿ׾ٵľ񳲵֧֮£ֵסԨħĽ
ǹǿһӵػĳ֮УɢʿĿֲϢ
ЩԨǼɵǹʿŻ޾ԨһǧͣͲǰ
Ӳ໥ѣԨǵıԣǵһԨħ޾ԨԨףkǸΪ塣
ں֮ڣ
濴޾Ԩһǧ֮ԨһۣһЦӴޱȵĽǱ߷ȥ
ħϽӣ
ǼȻֹôǹǿѾkȫˣÿٶȣ
ʥ֣ɱˣ̫ˣ

ЩԨһĽ߷һɫ䣬г˼ɵ
󲿷ԨԥһᣬԥĽԼսߣԶȥ
һ㵽ЩΪСϺ׵ԨǲߣеһжᱻƤǵ̵øɸɾ
ħ޾Ԩһǧʮ㱴Ӽ£ԸΪЧ
һԨħ󹫾һ·ɵԨ׻ߣ
ħ޾Ԩھǧ߰ʮ㿭£ԸΪЧ

һʾһһԨ׷Чҡ
ЩԨħ󹫾޾Ԩ֮ҲùԼԨλ棬ɱԨħǿߡ
ʥˣЩԨǾܹԨħҲֻ·һǱ׷ѡ񳼷
ȻЩԨһ̰ϼ޻ĴڡkǵЧȫ档֪ȴȻЩԨ׵Чҡ
ϾЩԨЧ棬ƾܹԽͻԽСһõkڻҡ
Ԩ׵Ͷ֮󣬺ԥĽԨ׳kǵľԨħţֱͶս֮С
ЩԨԨħ֮ʿӵдħΪԨͳ˧սǿޱȡ
ֻޱȵԨħԨǵͳ֮½޾Ԩλһǧǹǿɱ
һſ弶ƶҪװͬһ㽵޾Ԩһǧڣĳȡ޾ԨһǧԨ֮޾Ԩһǧ㡣
ǿļսͬˮһӿ޾Ԩһǧ㣬ǹǿɱնɱǹǿߡ
ǼԹλ溣γһսìkרŸɱ溣ǿߡ
Щ溣ǿߴ󲿷ֶֹıɵˮֻϵƲԵÿֲޱȣ֮ܵСһѪֲףͬѪطĹ񣬱㱻ɱ˲ء
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һιǿΪɱԨħ޾ԨʥðճɱϧĵƸǿõkǹһ
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ǹǿһӣĴռ޾Ԩһǧ㣬ѹε˴ʵԴ
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ǺڰѪԴʯǺڰϵ׵رѩʹŮ˴룬Ȼвʣࡣ
һΣܹ£ħŮʣڰѪԴʯͬû
ħŮںܾǰѾ溣ǿߣѪkʵѾͣͲǰܾˡǺڰѪԴʯǿ԰kѪõkпܽ׳Ϊʿľ
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ħŮһǺڰѪԴʯõУоǺڰѪԴʯԴԴϴõkѾõƿΪ֮ɶʱϲ
汾΢΢һЦħŮʣԸ⵱Ը⣬ھͿһ֮ΪԨħ
ħŮʻѾ㹻ټϺڰѪԴʯԼնɱһǿ߰ʥõˣkԨħɵİա汾ԴkĽٿ˳ϡ
ħŮʳһᣬ֮ų貵ɣȻһЦĺ⣬ˡһԼԨħ֤ħһǱԲκһ壡


925 ѫһ
ħһףͨ󲿷ֶ޾Ԩ֮еԨڣɫˡЩǿߵľħһ˵ҲǴ֮
һ˵ħŮ󲿷ֶֻܹʿ֮ϣҪʮѡϾЩԨǴ󲿷ֶóԴһ
ÿһ嶼ᵮһЩ̥ħŮʾһ׷۷ħǿߡkԺãٶҲþˣԼһΪһԨħ󹫾һҪԼ׳ΪԨħ
һĨϧζһЦϧǾˡ
޾ԨĹǿ߱ڿԽһˡ
Ԩħ΢΢һ޾Ԩȥ
Щ濴еԨǷ׷׵ʹͷkӡ
һս֮޾Ԩ666ԨħѾһٽΪ޾Ԩ֮еĵһǿߣͬʱҲϵĵһһǧԨѾͶkպգ鲼޾Ԩ
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һƬ֮ڻصһͷʿȻûͷ­ǶڵkԨ˵ֱټ򵥲
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޾ԨԨǶӵЩϼ޻ԨȨղԸ淭ѡϹԨزƲ֡
ÿһԨյĹƷЩԨ˵ֻõk΢΢ʹû˽ǡһǧԨÿϹĸԴҲһΪֲĿ
ЩԨϹĸԨҲͨ汾Ų֮λʿۡ
ͬʱɳ̶ҲԽһԨ׵λóףһͿԸԴ
λóױǱ֮еıһ޾Ԩλó׾ѾһһʡһԨλλó״󣬾ʥʿ֪ҲΪ֮ۺ졣
Ԩħչֳ˿ֲ׵һɱ˹ʥлӵеۼرֲֿǰֻҪkûбȹЩԨȻѡơ
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ЩΧŵʿһĿɿڴԼ۾
ʤʥʿػһĿֲڡǿһ־Ǿ춯أ֪жٹǿ߱kɱ
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֮һĻ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺еˣȻ˲𣡡
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ǳŮһݵĿǳ֮Ŀ棬һ۾ͿĲ˲𣡡
ǳŮУ֮еЩ溣Ｖʵ̫Զǳ֮ȴһ۾ͿԶʿ溣ǿ֮ϣȻǳŮԵkӾηݡ
ǳ֮ȻʮֲȴҲû뵽Ȼɳ֮졣֮У½ˣĳɳҲԶԶҵԤϡǵüӴͶˡ
ǳ֮ҲֻͶѣչֳļֵѾǳ֮ӴͶʡ
ʲô֮УǿԽǿͶͬʱøͶʡ
ħʳʹ֮ڡ
ħǺѫһĨ֮ɫһǧʮѫڶİ鹦ѫֻһͷ𣿡
Ǻѫ֮ϵĹѫֻ˵˳Խʥʿľ󹦣ζʵĳԽʥʿ
˴ĹѫõҲԼΪֲ
Ȼ࣬ȴҲǿĶûˣǶʹ֮ѱľ;ԲʹŮСʴڡӵгˣʿͻƿʱҲ˸һЩ
ռݵĸմ½ʹ֮ڡ
鳤һ̾д˸֮ɫһǧʮѫҵĹѫͷȲϡսħ棬֮ӣ
ʱ֮ʱڰҲֻһող»ʿС
ɨʮŵʱôҲ뵽һսħڵ洫ӾȻڲʱ䣬ȻѾߵһ
ĹѫȻʥʿǿߣ±ض䴫£˲֪˲ҲضԶԶԽ飬ʵһ۲Ŵԣİһ±õޱȣ·ʲôû塣


926 Իʹʥ
ռݵ֦մ½һƽԡ
һƽ֮ǰ΢΢һ̾ϧʱ䲻ҪܹٶһЩʱͺˣ
ϲеһͳͳԼƿ֮Уϲгƿڡ
Իʹʥһʥǿߣʲôʱʲôλ桢ʲô涼ǿĴڡѾ£kȻַͨ˼ֲֶֿĴһͿɱ档
Լƿصĸо˵ΪܡҪ֮зһһԾĸ߲㣬ͱӵʥʿĿֲ֧֡һıֻǾ¡ˮлôıûаá
Իʹʥʷ֮еļأǶ𱨵ˡֻϣkȻȻֹܹȥԸ񡣶Һ͵kûͻǿǵkľˣ⵽ɵĸʻǱȽСģ
һĨ֮ɫǡʥ֮ȡǻƽ֮ڡ
ǡʥ֮һûǻƽ֮ڣʱųޱȵĹâ
ǡʥ֮ʱ촷ۣ¶һͷ
һͷһ·ɵǻԻʹʥͷ֮ϣһɿֲ׵ǻԻʹʥ֮д˷ϯȥ
ӴޱȵħܷӿԻʹʥڣǿֲޱȵͷһѪ⵮γһӵһͷڷɢһɰݡ
һ֮·սĺͬʱһĽࡣʵڴʿĴֻҪǹ֮ͻѪըѶ
ǻԻʹʥʥâҫһ˿˿Ϣڵk֮лk۾¶һ˿նޱȣ·ûһ˿ڵ˫ۡ
һ˿˿˫۾֮и֣һ˫۾һ±鶯񣬳˻
Իʹʥһ̾Ϣǻƽ֮ת߿һۣ¶һ΢ЦˣλѣҸ𣿡
ǻԻʹʥȻֿ׵ˣȴһˡkЦºͣ崺磬ûжŮֵܹk΢Ц
ŻԻʹʥһԻʹʥ棬ҽġ
ʱǻԻʹʥ֮нֻɢŰʥ۷ĿֲϢȴÿʱÿ̶ڲϵǿ
ʮֻҪԻʹʥԸ⼤ԼıԴ֮ʱڱʥʿֲսû⡣
Իʹʥ΢΢һЦ棬л㽫Ҹ
޷Ԥ⡣
Իʹʥʩչط֮ȻkȻ֣ջᷢʲôѾȫֲkƿء
ռ˻ԻʹʥĴ󲿷ֲûнkҲͬԽkƳΪһǿޱȵʥر
ǹԣŸϡʲôҪ˽ϣԴӹ֮вѯ
潫һܹȡ˻Իʹʥǰ
ķչٶȻǾˣرѾ
Իʹʥǻ۾׾ٵľܹԵ÷k̾һ䣬ܹ֮ϡ
ԻʹʥһĿʮУ׾ٱĿǰľƣһĨҫޱȵ⣺Ȼ͵kԤԵиܼ档ľ٣ҲͬĻᡣͬҲǻΨһᡣ
Ȼʵʥʱ֮𣿡
ʱ֮ļʷ֮СҲûκλɣϾʿʵۼǿߣʱĳˢ֮£ͬ࣬䡣
ǼԻʹʥȻҲ뷨
ʱ֮ġǱʮֵܣÿһǾ˽ܡΪʮֵܣһսֻʣʮ͵k
ǿkħǿߣǿޱȣҵۼǿֹ߲һڡʱ֮֡Ƴ֮ǰkҲǶȼձԴطˡ
ҵҲǱԴܵشʥ֮󣬱޷ٽһáָطʥѣӡ޾ĳߣָԼıԴ֮ˡ
ұȵkһkǲҲ֪ԵkܵǸʱkֵ֮У츳ߣŵһûҲϡ档
ӹʱּطһЩϹŶһֱҪʱ취Ϊʿʵۣ߽ΪߡԵk츳˵ͬԼִ
ԻʹʥһĨ廳֮ɫ
ʱ֮ȷʵľ콾˴ʿʵ֮УkǵһʿʵۣͬʱսۣߴʿʵҲδǵkĶ֡
ʵ˴ʿʵ֮У˳֮һ֮⣬ߴʿʵ۶ǹϵʿʵ֮еĶǿߡ
ԻʹʥЦЦ棬㸴ңһ֮鳤ıɣ
̹Ȼûϣʥܹһ֮
һܹ鳤ıܹΪ顣
߼صĽϣĿǰҪռЩϣʮּѡһˣҪռЩϸӲܣ
鳤ıܹʿռЩޱȵĲϡ
ʳΪʲôҪ齨ᣬеȨͳͳץСҪһԭһ齨ɹkǾܹͨռޱȵԴ
ܴԻʹʥ̾һ䣬һЦãҾһ֮
һĨϲɫлʥ
֮λƳһ롾һǣʱһƳѾã齨ĴӪ
Ƴ֮Уĸ֡
Բ֮λر綫ǿߡԲ֮λǿߡλǿߣеǿ߻һãӿס
ƾƵƳľƵ꣬齨ڼ䣬ΪʿǿߣҲδܹƵ֮лһλá
սħǿ£ĹѫȻԽ˵ʤʥֱˣôŪô๦ѫ
޾Ԩսħ޾Ԩ֮һԨħסħŮһֽǹȷȫ𡣾ǹʥСǹȷϳֱˣ
ǲ֮λر綫ĳǿˡЩļһһʮ㣬۾ϣ֮е溣ǿߣͷȲϣ治֪ĵô
ҿǵ֮кǰʮĸҲûʲô˲ģǴħĹѫͷȲϣkֻҲûʲô¡

ƾƵһ㣬ǿߣЩԲ֮λر綫ʿ˷ܵĴš


927 ͻ
ЩԵ֮еʿһԣӹһĨŭɫ
ʿձݣʿʳ֮еʿӢ
ͬʱҲǵʥʿ壬ǲ֮λʿûбЩݻ١
ЩԵʿǶϵرʿȻһɸ߸ϵԽС
֮λλ汾Դѣ֮λ涼ڸգĵرϵĵ֮λĻÿһ춼ڱ仯ֻҪʮʱ䣬ǲ֮λرĻͻᳬԽ硣
ǵʿȻҲһ㣬ʿѾʼ취ӵǨ˵ر硣
ǵʿرʿ֮Ҳǳͻϡ
йǿһԻǵʿԻرʿսһɱرİȨ
֮ǰرʿల£ΪԴḻԶر磬ǵʿŸϲ֮λر硣ȴͬ
ĳȻҪڲһϵìܣ˲ʿ֮еħǿ߻۴˵ء
ĺǿûʲô˲ģ仰˵ģ
һЦ֮ȻһŰ׻ƤͷɢףӡĿ̤˾Ƶ֮УɭһЦһ溣ǿߵĿֲӵk֮
ˣ
ǵĺĵˣkҲˣ
ȻˣкϷˣ

Щʿһǿ󺺣ʱɫһ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ǵ纣ǰʮǿÿһ溣ǿ߼ľ콾СһʿڵǿҲԿ⡣ĴڣһܹɱһǿʿͬʱܹͨѪ׷ݵǿʿˡ
رʿҲһʿɫ䣬ҧû˵ģ
ã
һЦ˫֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ӡһɰԵϢӵk֮رʿһѹ
رʿɫһ죬һ¸ֳһ֣һһ˲ͬһ㲻ϵѣkʱ۵һһѪ̱˵ϡ
һ񶼽ӲסһûõķЩ˼Ȼڱ˵Ǻ˶ûʲô˲ģǸҲһսҲǺģͳͳһϣҲûйϵ
˻ΧɨЩرʿɭһЦ溣ǿ߼ĿֲϢͬˮһЩرʿѹȥ
Щرʿ֮У溣ʿʮʿнһٶʿЩʿǱ˵ĿֲϢһѹɫ䣬Ĭ
溣ǿ߼ǿÿһɱ溣ڵʿ溣ʿÿһ𶼽ֻ溣ڵʿ֣Ҳֻаһ;
һЦһȺûֵķ
˵úãЩرļһﶼһЩûֵķ
ǸղŲ˵ǵĺǿûʲô˲ôǵرʿһưˣ˴˿˵һ϶û⣡

ЩʿҲ䳰ȷ
Ƴ֮Уƣǿ꣬ʥʿǿҪԵ޹ʶɱѰ·ЩʿҲֻܹЩرʿ
ЩرʿҲһɫ࣬ȴĬ˵ʵʵֲ̫һ˾ѹס˵kˡkǼڣҲȡ衣
˭˵ǵرʿǷ
һһǺһһڵk߸÷˪սħɳ̫ϳϡ
Ǻ˵룬վһˣ档
棬Ǿսħ棡
棬kˣ
սħ棡kսħ棡

ķӰѾʿ磬ֻҪЩڱչؿ޵ϹŶͲµʿЩӵħǿǶѾķӰ
һƵ꣬ѾϳһĿⶼ˵kϣ˺桢ʡĽָӵĸ顣
ʱʱʱ䲻ꡣô̵ʱ䣬ʿŶûнʿȴѾԽһһʿҲԿԽƿ˽ޣΪ溣ǿߡ
ûʲô⣬ʣ潫ʿҲֻˮɵ顣Ψнʥʿѵʿ콾ľ޴ؿܹסk
Ķ棬һĨޱȵս⣺棡ãܺãȷʵܳɫ棬ˣҪսд跨
һᣬӦãȥ̨
ǵ纣еĵĹＶǿߣһʿĿֲڶڵkС
Ҳ˵һ¿Լʵ״ﵽʲô̶ȡ
Щ»ϵʿÿһܹӴޱȵԪֲף׾ͿԷӳһеƻʿĳ֮УרŽʿǽзд衢໥ľ
̨Ƴǽרʿд跨ĳء
纣ĵսħ̨Ϣܿ촫ʿ׷ӿ̨
Щ޷̨ʿҲ׷ʩչַ̨֮ϵĶ
棬Ҽʶһʵ
һӡҫһƬƬ֮и֣ͷϳһǣɢһɳʼĿֲϢһڵkΧͬݡ
ʼ֮ĴѪÿһͷʼһӵʥʿĿֲЩǿĳʼʿʵۼĿֲڡ
ȻӵгʼѪҲζŵkӵнΪʥʿǱȻkϾʿҪʿʥʿȻʮѡȴȴ󲿷ѪʿҪǿ֪ٱ
ſһ磬һſֲףܹһеϢֱӭǣһ̨
һųʼϢˮﲻ٣ʿǿҲܹͬճɻҡ»ʿֻҪմȾһ˿ϢҲᱻճɻҡ
ֻ𣿹ˣó汾ֻ㱾£Ǿ̫ʧˣ
һɺȻǰ֣ݻγһֲޱȵĺڶһУһųʼϢ׾ٵȫɣޱȵû˵k֮ڡ
棡
ѫһ˹Ȼ鴫

ЩΧ۵ʿǿ׵ĽǳʼϢɵøɸɾжһĨ֮ɫ
÷˪֮ҲһĨ֮ɫkǱ̫ǿˡ


928 ܹ
棡㲻幦ѫһˣرĻһ治Ķ֡ҪرˣСˣ
ĿһۣһȣָһţһرͼȻɳ֮С
һӴޱȵ֮˵֮ͬˮһӿǡͼ֮ڡ
ʵ̫ǿҲڶԼ֮رҪһٻܡ
һرͼϹâҫһֻͷ¹ǡʨۡۡ㡢ţβȼڻ棬ɢʿڿֲĻǡͼ֮зɳ
ǻ޾񡢰ԵϢ΢΢һת档
һɻą֮̊́ϻԪɲ֮䣬һŤһֵ硣
һʸꪡ󽣡սꪵĻ淨ľ󻯲Ȼ֣˷Ĺȥ
һɺΧ֣ǻ淨󻯵Ĳ
Щش溣ǿߵĻʸꪵȸֻ淨󻯵Ĳﶼɺɣ޷˺ֺ
Ǿɰ壡
ɰķֱ죡
ȻʿĻ붼κβǿֲ
رûжãһµĹ幦ѫһˣ

ЩΧ۵ʿǼһĻһһǻǣǻĻ֮ڣͱճɻˡ
һۼ޷ķʱŭһٶȿֲףһǰһצȥ
һɺȻڶ𣬽ǻһУĥǻ
ǻһŭХһɰԵ׵ֲĻ淭ڣһɺӲĳű
ʿޣûô׽
һӴޱȵ֮֮ɺڶ𣬺϶Ϊһǻѹȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǻ㱻ɺ֣ŵk
һͷɺ֮з˻ţȴ޷ǿֲ׵ɺ¡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ϵ䣡
ΪĵĹＶǿߣһƴطk֮ûʲôȻܶЩƴطƴǹѫһˣսħв֪ŶɱﵣkȻԸƴ
΢΢һЦһסɺȻɳûڡ
һĨâ棬Ȼǿû뵽㶯ر첻
ʿʵΪطر󲿷ֹɡرĶʿʵΪ޴ʿԳԽ೬ԭر
ʱ֮𼸺޵еʿʵ۵Ǻķĵر䣬ȫϵkǵ·ĵۼرܹͬ޵Уư¡
֮ȻҲŲٵۼرȴûһۼرǵkԼ졣ЩۼرkϣŻᱻʿʵۼǿ߻ܣƵöڲ֮λ棬ûܹΪǿʿʵ֮еһԱ
΢΢һرҵרۼرӦþ߼أҪߣôͱ취ĿƼƽһ˼زС
Ͼưһ塣߼ҲԿʿʵۼǿߡڸһİ˼أǺͷ
߼صҲֻһǵܼơҪ֪ʿ֮Уʷ֮ϵʿʵۼǿͳͳȥ֮еʿʵۼǿһϾĴѾһǧꡣ
΢΢һЦˣҲǿͨļһҶ֮첻
֮Щǿʿ֮·Сʿ콾ǲܹõһ֮ζЩʿ콾Ѿġ
ĻҲΪ泩ˬһЦ棬ҿʮ˳ۣһһô
Цã
ǵ纣ĵľѪֲޱȣʿҲֻˮɵ顣ǿʾãȻܾ
ҿԼ𣿡
һЦǷ绪޾ףʷ·ʱ޿̶ڱ仯һʸеľɫ޽Ц
Ц֮ã
ƾƵ֮Уˡ޽ǿ߿ĵãΪѡ
ǵرʿ֮桢ˡ޽ǿиֵһᡣвǵ棬ǲ˷ѿûõִ֮
Ƴ룬ĳƵ֮ٿ
صʿǶӦǰμһʿʳֵĹϷȨʢ硣
еʿŶ޷ʱúôǱ鲼ǰʮа˾ŻΪڻҡ
Ƶ֮ڣӵʮϯλʮϯλ֮ϣˡ
Ƶ֮ϣһ̨̨֮ǿߣʳһеʿ
ʿʳƣǿ꣬ӵʥʿ򣬸һҲȻ飬ûʿΪ˶˵һ仰
ĳǽʲôţͳͳըأ
Χһһ۾Ϳٶɢʿֲʿ
֮УʿֻʮٶʿǿȻ֮ɢŵʿǵӵʿǿߡ
٣ͬСɣֲֿĴ֮УвҲ䡣ʿǿҲϡ档͸ɵʥǿߡ
Щʿϼ޻֮ʮֻмᣬҳΪĸ߲㣬վ޴ȨһĸʲŻȽϸЩ
ս֮УĴ󲿷ֶǵײڻңڸ߲ĸԶȵײڻҪСöࡣս֮УȱɵҲЩС֯Ͼ̲С֯󣬷С
ʱ֮ҽܵʱʳʱ֮齨ʽʼ
һϵеĿ֮ʱ֮ʼ֯ṹ
֮󣬽γһӴޱȵĵ۹ΪԣʿŶ۹֮УΪ۹֮еһӡ
ʿŵоɹ빱׸۹ȡĹֵЩֵǿԻȡǿطԴԼǿߵָرʹá
еʿŶӵ۹Ȼ۹ЩʿҲ֧ͬӦıꡣ
֮λر硢ص۹ڸһʾ޴Ĺֵ֮ͳͳΪСЩʿҪռЩ̣ͱնɱ㹻Ĺǿߣܹôͷ⣬˳ռЩ̡


929 
ÿһδѶһδϴƣЩʿ˵ȻĿǰûб仯ҪǶԵ۹ûйѫǵĵ̾пܻᱻʿԹѫֱߡƵЩʿŲò뾡취Ϊ۹Ч
ͬԭڸʿ˽еĸַؾ۹Ծ޴Ĺֵ򡣴ӽЩַؾĿֻЩʿܹʹãЩ۹ɳʿͬӵʹЩַؾȨ
Ӵޱȵĵ۹ʿŵľӢʿһֻֻ۹Ϊǿߵ
Ϊֵ֧۹ĳʿʳЩĵ伮֪ʶ˳ֻҪӵ㹻ĹףͿԶһʿʥʿʿʵ۵ķ
ڳЩʿһԶһ׳Ϊʥʿķһж¶˷֮ܺɫ
ʥʿǿÿһǾ춯صĴڣһػʿ֮Уκһӵһʥʿػ֮оͿΪϵ塣
ڳٶʿ֮л̣k֮д󲿷ֶðΣգ̷ĵرŽҽ׳Ϊʿ
ЩʿǴ󲿷ֶʿڵĴڣǰ·kǶǾţkǻʿţkǾпٴνпܽ׳Ϊʥʿ
ڲ֮λ֮УʿŲܹʥʿʥۼطӵطҪʿʥʿҲأһ·֮ƿذ
ʿʳͻЩƿذطܹò˥ÿһʱʥʿػڱ˴ݻ١
ʱ֮鳤ҡ֮ħ֮ǳ֮֮ħ֮Ρû飿
·ڶʿŵ鳤λôߡ
֮Լ֮âշ˶鳤һְľ
鳤ȨλޱȡҪ鳤ıӵʥʿǿֻ֧֣һЦ
飡
һȻڴ֮һĿⶼһһͷڷһɫʿףɢһʵ溣ʿϡ
ʿ΢Ц½ңõһͨ溣ʿҲǷλ˵鳤Ϊõ֮ҲӦʸ鳤һְ
ûõ֮ҲӦõ鳤һְ
õ֮˵鳤һְ

һֲޱȵϢһڶƬ֮Уһʮ溣ĿֲϢԼʿĿֲϢ
ʮ溣ԼʿĹ֮Уһ𷢱ۣĸߴòף˫ͬǳһ䣬ʱ̹ЦݾӡӾõ֮
濴õʿһۣĿ΢΢һãȻʿţkǵĵ̹ȻˣȻӵʿ
ʿ֮ǿߣǸػʥʿ
һ齨˳ϵʿţˣҲֻǳٶʿǿߣʿǿ֮ϡ٣ɼһߡ
ʿǿ߻ʿǼĳɹҪ֪ڲ֮λر磬֧䶫꣬һʿǿ߶ûеֻǺķ˾޴Ĵۣնɱΰ飬Ӷ˵kǵԼļΰػ
Ǻ飬Ϊսħ²ż汸ʵǿ󣬶幦ѫһˣӦóΪ鳤
ûսħʵǿƷ߽࣬Ϊ´󹦣һټ˹ȷѹ˹ʥǿ߲Ϊ鳤
ʱ֮Ϊ鳤ʵ飬ǶûսħͬҲӦóΪ鳤λͬС

һ溣ĿֲϢڶЩѾսħǩͬʿŵ̫ϳǶ׷˳Ϊҡź
ЩʿŹϵУЩʿŶĲɹļ弶սԼս
ܹ鳤ְ֮ЩʿȻҲüĺôٲᱻնڻҡ
塢ɯ˿ʿʹҲһ±ֲޱȵϢһֲ֮ĺڰڵkǵΧơ
ʿĶʹ
ʿĶʹȻܹʿĶʹǿ£
ǲҮµʹԪ˧ȻѾΪʿĶʹǿµļһ

ڳ֮еʿǿŰʿʹһжĽʵĹâ
ʿĳʹսԶͬ׵ʿҵkǵĽǱҲԶͨʿ
ʿĳʹȻܹǿߣǣɶ񣡡
Ǵ֮鿴ߵİʿʹ˫ȭգһĨ֮ɫ
Ǹ߸ϵĶʵۣвһССﾹȻʿǿΪ£ʵüҪѪ
Ҫ֪Ȼڴ֮һԾŶޱȡڰ׼ΰǰͬҪһ磬ϹϾ
鲻֪ôҪһʿǿߣȴ޷һʿǿߡڿʿĳʹϹϾվߣȻƵҪѪ
˿ӦóΪ鳤
ûնɱһʿǿߣҽҵȴЩײеĹǿнȳk鳤ѡ

ǻ᳡֮Уһطһ±ʮ溣Ŀֲǿ溣Լǵѷ׷׽е
濴òͨһ˫۾ȴϢĿһĨ֮ɫпʥ򣬵kȷʵʸ鳤һְϾʥʥʮһǿߡ
ǿƣʿľڣӵżʹУͬʱྪž޵
ʥǧǰ׳Ϊʥʿľ콾kҲǿˡ
ʥʿ߸ϣʥλޱȡһkǶƳΪkǴ¡ǿʥѡеĴˡ
ƸӦóΪ鳤
ûھŵľǿߣϣʥʿĴڡkӦóΪ鳤

һֲޱȵϢȻһʮƸ溣ԼkǵͬɢſֲϢ鳤һְ
鳤λȨأϵһʿ˥ֻҪʵԲܹŹ


930 ѹʮʥ
Ŀ΢΢һƸʥһǰʥʿǿߣ֮壬ʵΪֲʥеʮľǿߡ
ʥʿһػȻʿĵ̣ʥʿҲࡣЩӳ֮ѵϹŶ֮⣬ĿǰȻڻţ¼ʥ֮ϵʥʿһֻʮ
ʮʥʿ֮Уֱʿʳػʥʿıӻʿʳܹ齨Ͼʿʳޱȣ˭Ҳ֪kǵӵмʥʿ
Ȼʥ֮еʥʿҲֻǵʿʥʿŵʥʿ˭˭Ҳ֪
ջ԰԰˲ӦóΪ鳤
ûջ԰԰òǻ۹ھ£ȻӦóΪ鳤

һǿޱȵ溣Ȼӻ᳡һڶһòŮ溣ʿȵ
ЩŮ溣ʿĻ֮Уһһͷɫ̷ɢһɾŮͨɱľˡֻ·һޱȵĻʷ˿֮ǳ֮
ĬĬջʥʥеڰ˵ľǿߣҲʥ֮ΨһŮǿߡkҲ鳤λʮֶġ
ǳ֮鳤ϯλֻоŸԤʾõĽ
һڳʱűĻ棬໥š
ǳ֮ͨԤkԤԶʱ֮ϡǳ̳֮ǳ֮ĴУkԤʿ֮ҲĴڡʥʿԤܹ֮kҲˡ
ǳ֮Ȼڣô鳤ϯλֻʣ鳤ϯλȴ
õһ溣ʿɨһۣһЦ棬ҪΪ鳤㻹ʸʵʵ˳ɣҪȡ裡
ǺһЦ༥ãû˵м幦ѫϣ˶ٹѫûͷô֮ࣿ˭ѫϣûеk֣һͷڹ꣬ʵǿҲһͷڹ꣡ƾʲôܹ鳤
û֮ѫ֮ϸûмk֣һڹֵʱ򱣴ʵһ͡
ٺ٣ڹֵʱͷڹ꣬ڿȫˣͷȨ˻ǲҪ
ʳѫ֮ǿˣӡס֮ͨλѷ죬д󹦡֮ʲôڹ֮𣿡

Χһּ
ڻ᳡֮еʮʿǶĻkǶ¶һ˿˼顣
ʳʵǿޱ֮⣬ͬҲڹǿ֮á
ߴ˶˵ۼرӡ˹֮ѷ죬֪ж񳲴Ǿ޴ѷ֮зɳ
ںϣؼĽڵڲ֮λ򣬱Ͼ֮λġڵѷҲ޴Ĵڣ֣ƾѷ첻ϵпʥʿĹǿ߿ǿдѷ֮зɳ
˾󹦣kǵ鳤ʿû顣
֮Ŵԣʱɫһ䣬һĨŭɫɨߵʿһۣһĨɱ
֮ǰ֮Уܱʵǵk㣬㱻֮߱Ҳŷŭ֮ɫ
һ溣ʿ¾޴Ĺѫȷʵ٣ʵϾ̫ˡҪΪ鳤ҲӦӵʿΪ
ǺһЦ༥ٺ٣նɱϵʿǿĿɱʿ
溣ʿʱҭ˵
ʿǿôɱĴڡ㲻УkҲѡߡ
ܹնɱĹʿǽkǱƵòսĵز߶õۼرش˵kǲܹkնɱ
ǺһĨ֮ɫЦǿ幦ѫ֮еڼˣҼˣ幦ѫ֮ϣҲûп֣һֻܱͷڹ꣡
һȻ֮ɫĿʱɫˢһҲ
ǿ֣ȷǿޱȣɨ档ʿŶܱʵԭֻҪԷûǵǣǾ;Բǹǿһս
ϾֻҪսͻġ»ʿϵǿףս֮УЩ»ʿǿ߶ͬϡڻһȥ溣ǿҲʮƽ
׼ǿһսԪˣۼر˶ߡսΣԿɼһߡ
սսǿ߼ս֮˴ĵ̣֮ͨľó״׬һʣûп̫翣ֲڴս֮ʧ弶սˡ
ƽޱȵ˵һʵҪΪ鳤˹ѫ֮⣬Ҫʵ棬ҳĹѫѾ㹻Ϊ鳤ûʥʿ֧֣鳤֮ûʥʿ֧֣Ҳͬûʸ鳤
֮һЦ˭˵ûʥʿ֧֣
һֲޱȵʥʿƳϷƳڡ
Ƴ֮ڣʥʿĿֲϢڶֱء
ǻ֮ʥõػߡ
ƳϷһƽһؽ磬ǻ᳡ʿĶС
һֲͬʥʿԶͬʱһȻǿʥػߣ
ƣһɿֲ׵ʥʿ֮дһ߽Ҳ֮дʥƸػߡ
֮УȻųĻ䣬γһ󳬷ֲﹹɵջ԰
ջ԰֮Ʈޱȡ
һʥʿĿֲϢջ԰֮и֣ͬʱһŮջʥջ԰ػߣ
Ϊ鳤һְڸʿʥʿҲ
Ǵ᳡֮ϣһͬĿⶼϡ
幦ѫ֮ϹѫһˣѫʥʿߡΪ鳤ѫѾ㹻ϧʿ磬ǿΪûʥʿ֧֣ΪʥǿߣҲͬûʸΪ鳤
ʱһԾأ·ضѹĿֲϢ֮л֡
ʮʥʿĿֲϢһԵ׵ĿֲϢѹ֮±ࡣ
ǻԻʹʥսħڵػߣ


931 鳤
Իʹʥѵǵһʿʳʱ׷ʱ֮ʮʥ֮һôܣkѾ𣿡
ԻʹʥǿǴʥǿߣ˵ֻһܹΪʿʵ۵Ĵ˵еǿߣ
ǿսħڵĵ̣һʥǿػ

ǻ᳡֮ڣĸʿһӦǻԻʹʥͬգѹһеĿֲϢʱɫ䣬޾֮ɫ
ʥʿһػ񣬶ʥǿ߾ʥʿ֮۷ٮٮߣնɱʥʿĿֲڡ
һʥǿȫۼرͬҲӵвʿʵۼǿߵ
ǻ᳡֮⣬ʮʥʿϢ纣ǻԻʹʥĿֲϢѹ֮£࣬Ȼʮ˺ҲѹǻԻʹʥĿֲϢ
ɨһۣһĨκͿɬԭǻԻʹʥֲȻܹȡ˿ֲĳɾͣ
֮Ŀһۣƽ޲ȴκˣԻʹʥɶһΪ鳤
ԻʹʥһϢ棬ͽʮʥʿѹ幦ѫһˣ鳤ϰͳͳѾɨƽ
Ǻ˷ܣԻʹʥԭȻվһʥֲٶͻͽҿԴ˾޴һƬҵ
Щսħ˵ʿǶһ˷ޱȣг˳ݡ
ʱ֮Įƽ𣺡Ϊ鳤λ飿
ԻʹʥȷʵǿףĿǰʿ֮еĵһǿߡʳӵĵۼرѹˣȻҲôηԻʹʥ
û飡
û飡

Ǹʿŵһ۶ϵͬ
ǹѫ֮ϵһˣѫԽʥʿӴޱȡ鳤ѫ֮˲ӵлԻʹʥ֧֣˳ǹѫʵԳΪ鳤
ڽ֮ԣһ¸ֳһרΪ鳤׼ӣ΢΢һЦһһ֮ϣʽΪ鳤֮һ
鳤ϯλ߸ϣ·ʮʿ죬һĨɡ
Ǵ֮ʮʿһ֮У徫Ӣÿһ֮еţ˵
ЩʿǴʱλ֮£ʱһ緢·ܵĸо
΢΢һȫ侲ָо治ǿǸ鳤ֻ̤ʯֻнʥʿܹ΢ƿһԼˣֻнߣܹΪһİ
Ҫһ鳤λãһҪռҪԴһҪƿԼˣԲЩᱻնڻҡĿģҪ뾡һа취һף̤㡣
鳤֮󣬱ֻʣλá
֮ջ԰԰Ĵǿ໥ţűĻ档
˶ʮ鳤ı޾Ȩơֻе鳤ıkǲܹСȵƿԼˣԼøǿ
鳤ı֮ԼµĹѫͿ׵ĵֵһֹѫԴ굽ʮϡЩʮֹѫʿҲܹõֵĺôҲֻķֹѫһһصľ޴࣬ջ֮£Ϳԭʵͬ޴Ĳࡣ
֮ϣǿԽǿ鳤ı֮չֳۺޱȵʵȻʿųΪĲ¡ѡһѭḶֻ́Ҫ΢һʿŶܹ
֮İ֮Բ鳤ְλǲûʥʿ֧֣鳤ְλʸûС
ħһĨɭ֮ɫЦȻ鳤λãʿǿΪ𣬲˻սһԶΪ鳤
֮Ҳ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
Ĵʿǿ໥ɱ֮ս˵Ҳջ
ЦһֱӴϵɣĩٽǰλľӢôɱװױ˹ǿߡҽ鳤λʱֻҪλ˭ĹѫͻǧͿԳΪ鳤
Ĵʿǿ໥ɱ˵ûκιϵħ⣬ȻҲħù
֮ȻһЦûλ徫Ӣɱʵ̫˷ˡҾ鳤鲻
ǳ֮΢ЦҲͬ鳤飡
ʱ֮һ飡
ħ֮΢΢һЦ飡
鳤һͬ⣬±ѳɶ֡
֮Ŀ˸һ£һۣ΢΢һЦ飡
ħĿɭĵһۣһٶԣߣ
֮Ĵǿ໥֮俴һۣĬͬ顣
֮ջ԰԰Ĵǿ߶ӵʥʿֵ֧ʿţkǵսҲԶͬʿÿ˶ӵƴĵơǿȻԸԵ޹ƴһսkܹսʤԼĶ֣ڶԷƴ֮µķҲͬشɱkǡ
Ȥ𣿹ϲǣ
һɺޱߣ޾ʥʿĿֲϢ֮ϣѹķ
һֻ·֧أݻһУ׵ĻƽִݺƳȥ
һֻƽ̺ʥʿĿֲȫһ֮£ȫһ˵λ棬ƳǱǴһҲƬ
ߣȻصصң֪Ķ
ǶƲ֮еĻԻʹʥһһ㣬һޱȵȻһֻƽ֮ϡ
һֻףֲ֮Ļƽ˲һı顣
һޱȵĹ˳ǻƽһ·죬֮дȥ
֮һ´һʹ֮һεʥѪ˵ϡ
Իʹʥǵ׷ʱ֮ĴʥǿߡӦôڸոոĽ׶ΣûлָȫʢʵʵʵĶָʵ˵һˡ
һŵ֮дһһʥʿĿֲ֮д
ǿߣkˣ
Ǵ֮еʿж΢΢һݣһĨ֮ɫ
˴ʿʳʱѹλ棬ǿޱȣ֮е岻ǳ˱ᣬ
ڰʿʳ֮ʽ΢һʥǿ߶ûеֻ˴ʿʳĵֵ̡ۼرԼǿס˲֮λһӪ
ǲ֮λûи֮ǰǸҲԸƴڣ֮λ渴գЩڰ಻סԼϳǳ


932 彵
ǿƼֱƹˣ
Ƶ֮ڣ˫۸ֳӡ濴ȥ֮ɫ
ǿ֮⣬Ѿ鲼ʮλĸǿߡ
ҳ󳬷ֲӡս֮Уս֮ϣվɶλĸߵȾ顣ʥʿս֮
һҫ߲ʹâľ޴߲ɽ֮У߲ɽΧһƣһʥʿѹķ
һ䳲оųƣӵ׶޴ɽƣӡħĹ쳲ѨգһʥʿĿֲǳ泲֮
һٹͨʹһֻ֪޴󳬷ƶɵĹǴ֮ϣվһŸӡľˣһͷߴ׵ľһŹ֮ϣɢʥʿĿֲͬһһ㣬·ʿ
ϡšصĳǱ֮УǱ֮У洦ɼһѪĿŮÿһŮħǿߡʥʿĿֲѪɫǱ֮ڶ𣬹ס
ʮͷ溣ħϲһ䵱һߴ׵ħɽ֮Уħɽ֮ϣɢʥʿħͬʱħɽ֮ϣվһֻֻħš
һ޾ħǳǿ֮Уǳ֮У鲼ħħǿߣʥʿĿֲϢ
һֻʹǿ߹Ǻƶɵа֮Уһò죬аվа֮ϣɢſֲһʥʿаϢ
һֱߴٹĿֲͷ­֮ϣվŸаһʥʿĿֲǳͷ­ڲ
һƬǿʬꡢõѪγɣɢȳζγɵһں֮УһֻֻаϷһʥʿĿֲ
һֻһǧӡһֻǵħ֮УаͷħվţˣŽƻ̵ĹâһʥʿĿֲ
һĨâߵȾ顢塢ħһ塢һ塢ѪѪ塢ħ塢аߴϵ徹ȻֶkͼС
ߴϵ嶼ӵʥʿǿػرаһ壬еǿ幹ɵɢˣʥʿǿࡣ
ߴϵ嶼һǵʿʵۼǿߵĿֲ塣ߴ֣ϧһдսʱ廹δߴϵֵĶ֡
ʮһʥʿĿⶼͬһ⵶һ֮УȻߴϵֶʥʿĿʿҪϲ١ӵлԻʹʥһʥǿߣʿʳʥʿִƵۼرսʤ㼫󡣱Ͼߴϵ岢û㳲
ѪѪһа˴ʥʿѪ棬һʿʵۼѪ档ʱֻǳѪ棬Ѫûгͱûƴ˼
ǹڼֻҪЩӵˣʱ򣬽оսװױ˹ǿߡ
һǹǿ棬ȫɡߵȾϵ϶ᱻ䳾ΪūϾǹǿ߶ΪӶԴüôЩϵԼԴ
ԻʹʥͷԼʥĿֲϢϯȥƽޱȵʵλˣкιɣ
ʮʥʿĿֲϢһԻʹʥϢγɹ֮иϯȥ
ЩʥʿǿҲʾųԼϢǿߵϢ⡣
һֲޱȵϢ֮н棬ǿֲϢʵʣǿʿǿǱЩʥʿǿߵϢ֮УԻᱻ촷ۡ
ʥʿǿȻʥʿϲ٣ǵkǵϢȴϢѹ֮£һһ飬Щǿɫһ䣬һ½֡
ǸߵȾ֮еĺʥ֮λɲһҵĶԻʹʥҪ˵֮ͬλҲҪǵһϯ֮أ岻ͬ⣬ô٣һԼɣ
Ǿ֮еķ׾ʥû
߲ʥҲڵҲҪڲ֮λӵһԼء
֮λ汾ģ֮Ψһһߵĳһλ档ֻǵkλ汾Դ˳֮УλţԴϡޱȡ
֮λ濪ʼգڲ֮λĸĵرֱض־֮һһΪʥء
ǲ֮λ潫֮ʺϽ׵ʥأЩǲȡһأǴ֮Улᳬ塣
ԻʹʥֻҪλԸһͬЩǿߣȫ⣡
֮λޱȣλ汾Դĸգÿһ춼ۿɼٶÿһ춼´½
еʿûʿʵۼǿػǿֵĴ󱳾֮£޷ס֮λ棬ǿ߽룬Ҳֻ֮١
汾ͱʿܼ߰ǹѾϣγһɡ
֮£֮еϵɱôǹǿ߽ʤ㡣
˷绪ĺʥָһ㣬һɫĹâ˻ԻʹʥУҪ
Իʹʥüͷ΢΢һ壬ָһһɫĹâֳʮֱʮʥʿС
ʥʿǿһػ񣬻ԻʹʥȻǴʥǿҲͬҪʮʥʿϾkȻǿɱϾͬһεĴڡ
ʱʳػʥʤ΢΢һɨʱŭЦһһնٺ٣ҪЩ޿ܣ
ߴϵҪĿǰӵеһϸ֮ͨͨӦߴϵҪΪԴֻ屾Ҫɱսһ
ʬ֮еʬħʥĪҪߴ忪սɣ
ɻʳػ׺ħʥսӿҪսұսв
ʿʳʥʿһ¼ֲޱȵϢʾϧһսľġ
ǲ֮λĸ֮ر˹Ϸֶ޶ãֻҪ롣ҲȻ޴档
ߴϵ嶼ʲôŮһһԷȻᲽƣһ


933 ߴϵ
߲ʥ΢΢һЦ׺ħʥα˼ķΧҲǲ
λҪڲ֮λһ֮أȻû⡣ЩλҪ
ԻʹʥָһһâʱûһʥʿǿС
ֻһ˲䣬ߴ鳤Ѿ˶νһݾ֮ĵͼ˻ԻʹʥȻɻԻʹʥ־
ΪԻʹʥһʥǿߣȻkΪ˯¶ʵ˥࣬ȻһʥĿֲǿߡǴʥǿȻ޷ͬʿʵһѹ޾λ棬λǿ߳ӻһϵѾ㹻
ߴʿʵѹλ棬Щӵдʥǿػ壬ֻҪЩӵдʥԸ⳼ΪʳЧkҲȹһʥǿߺ޵ߡɱ²ƽɵƻͬΪֲ
ʿʵۼǿ߻ܡɱһʥǿ߲ѣҪ׷һĴʥǿȴʿʵۼǿ߶Щͷۡ
ʬħʥһЦǹ㣺ٺ٣أڴؤ𣿡
ʥһЦδ½ÿһδ½ֱʮλ涼Ҫδ½ÿӣǻʲô
ھѪϴЦݣδ½վֻǴδ½ԴḻȻȲ½⡾ľմ½ߴҪߴƽһ˻ֲһմ½ռҲѾ㹻
ԻʹʥնУǾմ½ĸһָܷǣ
ǡ֮ϵľմ½ÿһʥأӵдܡǻԻʹʥǻƽ֮УԲһӵдʥĿֲ
֮ͬʥʿľ콾ʹ˷˼طҷӡĳ֮УͬҪǡһմ½֮ϵĻƽܹ⣬һӳ֮ѣӵʥʿĿֲս
֮⣬Ǿմ½֮ϣÿһһۼرĳΣһɹͻżĵۼر
ڰѪ浭Ȼմ½ܹãôߴߴδ½֮⣬ڲ֮λ½һأ
ͬҲѵõĻκһܹ֮лþ޴ĺôһٳΪİҲǲܡκҪڲ֮λΪ壬ڲ֮λ½֮лһ̣ûϣΪİ塣
ڲ֮λ֮ǰǹʱЩһħǿߣÿһʱʿʵۼǿ߶ܹѹǿڡ
嵱֮ʱ֪ǿɱʱ֮Ҳ˵ۼرʱ֮֡һһЩжʿʵۼǿ߻ѹǷӡɱ
ʱ֮֮ħ֮˴ʿʵһճƴսʿռ֮λ½һһܣϵط
徭˴ʿʵ۵ʱ֮ǵͬҲ˻ޱȵĵ̡ƽʱߴϵȻҲ뿪Լϳǰ֮λ֮λ档ٽǰΪԼǱߴϵҲ˲ôˡ
Իʹʥüͷ΢΢һ壬һã
ڲ֮λ½һأߴϵĵ֮һԻʹʥҲʮһ㣬ȨkҲֻܹѡЭ
ߴϵκһ̺ǱĶ֣ߴϵ֣Զ塣
رаһ壬Ȼųһ壬ʵȴеǿγɵӴޱȡЩаڲ໥ɵɱԴһɢɳkǵʵֻ»Ҫ塣
ʵԶԶʿ磬ʿ֮ǿһʲôһ֮Ҫǿ߶Ǻ
ߴ鳤㿪ʼԱء
Ϊߴ鳤֮һĺô㿪ʼ֣Ǳؾֲͷϡû鳤ֱӱֻȥ߸ݵĵ̣ߴϵ塣
ԻʹʥָһһâʮʥʿС
ǹħ֮еʥʿǿ֮һаħʥһЦ̫СˣߴȻȲ壬ͬϵ֮һؾǣҲδ̫˰ɣǵҪҲߣֻҪʮ֮һأ
Իʹʥüͷ΢΢һ壬նʮ֮һأܣ
֮λϵֹߴϵ壬֮λʿǵһξò֮ϵͬѧ塣
ߴϵֱɳһħ֮ߴ鳤棬˫ڲϵ̽ˡϾ˫û˺Ƥսһ׼;
˫ϵ֮̽󣬶һ˵Լĵ߱ԵôԸˡ
һħ֮ĦΣ磬ǿΪǸɳ溣ǿ߽бԡһʤˣѡһ鰸Σ
ʱ֮ʿǿ߱Σ
Ħ΢΢һЦʵ춯أϲǶ֡溣ǿߣǻмţ
ʱ֮ʳʿʵ϶ǰʥĿֲǿߣkǶǴʳ֮ӱľǿߣۼ䣬ʥرܹʥʿһĿֲܡ
ʱ֮ǿ߾ʿ֮ĿֲڣߴϵҲһ㣬Ȼѡʱ֮ǿս
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ʱ֮ߴ鳤Ȩ໥֮ҲͬĦ顣
Ҫִ£ֲ˺Ƥսò½бԣͨԵĽ
̨ΧѾμߣһǿߣһߴϵǿߡ
ԻʹʥʥʿѾʧ֮ȻһɽħɽʾЩֲĴȻûȥעߡ
Ħ΢΢һЦʱ֮һεıԣ˫ǿߣɰųΣֱһǿȫ֮󣬲ʤΣ
ߴ鳤Ƕ־ıʱ֮
ʱ֮ã
Ħ΢΢һЦ˫ģߴˣ
һ˫ۣͷϳһֻǣòޱȣɢ˶Ĺħһڲ֮еаһͷɢſֲףһͷɫǿߡһü׵ӡߴǧ׵ˡһһԹϢԹ껷ƣ˿ĿĹǿߴһԻ߳ɢ溣ǿ߼Ŀֲ


934 ħ
ʱ֮䵭ˣ
һâҫħһ㣬һ޴սӳ̨ԵɢŰԵ׵ĿֲϢ
ħ⣡ǵ纣һĴħ⣡
⣡ÿ£ǵ纣һǿߣ

һĿ⼯ϣ˷ܺڴ
ħǵ纣һҲǵ繫溣ؾ֮еĵһǿߡǿ֣߳ȻСĺ䶯
⣡Ȼǿ
ĿһۣһĨ֮ɫܵĸоһ˿Σաӵвʵľס
ʱ溣ǿһ֮Уÿʱÿ̶ڽһЩСһʿǿܹܡ⾹ȻӵвĿֲʵȻҲһ콾Ŀֲ
һ̨֮ϣתߴ鳤λ֮ϵһۣƵζ
ǵ纣һֲǿߣ繫ϵ溣ؾһǿߡ溣ʿȻ鳤λѾԶԶ֮ϣȻг˲
浭һЦûơ
һ׹ҫһͷɫ׵ӳ̨Ե˫֮׹ҫĿһۣȵս⡣
ɫīģȻ
ڣӮˣ

ǵʿǿīģʱһĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷ס
ǵ纣֮УǰʮǿʵԶԶں溣ǿߡǰǿʵԶȺλҪǿö࣬ǹＶ콾
Ǵħɫīĸǹ֮еĹ콾֮е콾ÿһ˶նɱʿĳս춯أǹһ֮УϣʿʵۿܵＶ콾
һɫĹâ΢΢һһһͷ׷òףһҲ̨
ҫ첽죬Ҳˣ
ˣǺģ棡

һС۴һԴԭǺǿߣϧճӲĽ˵λ
ЩСۣüͷ΢΢һĿ罣۵ʿǿȥ
Щ۵ʿǱ罣Ŀһɨ׷ױ첻
ǿʵԸûйϵǿʿӵϡŹֵƢŭkǽʮ⡣Щʿǿɲ뱻ĹＶǿ߼ϡǺǰǿ⣬ʿļʿɱͨ溣ʿҪ̫ˡ
һâҫޱĮ֮̇ϡ
ǰ飡֮ǰĻʵۣ
飬Ȼ

ǵرʿǿ֮󣬶һиֳޱȵĸ顣
ǴĻʵ۱£֮λĵλ˼㡣ϧȴ÷ǰսЩرʿǶо޳
һâ΢΢һһʿ̨֮ϣʱ˶һ
棬һˣȻ棡
鳤Ȼˣ
治鳤ȻΪ壬֣˲𣡡

·ڶʿһ̨֮ϵʿʱһһĨ˷֮ɫ
鳤ݣòμΣյľ澹ȻΣյľЩʿǶʱ߿һۡ
棬Ǹ幦ѫ֮ϵĵһˣ
սħ棿幦ѫ֮ϵĵһˣ

һ̨ǿߵĿⶼϣϸĴ
ƾޱȵĳ֪ԸӦһʥʿǿߵĿϸšлԻʹʥʥʿǿЩʥʿǿ߾ԻԴСֱ֣ܻɱ
ٶȼֱ漣һ㣬ϾдܡЩʥʿǿȻҪܣøط̽ܡ
Ħ΢΢һЦһβΪıǸ⣬һսȳ˰ɣ
һԹ֮У˿ĿĹǿԹ֮£ֱӷɵ̨֮ϡ
һξһˣѾ㹻һὫͳͳնɱ
ħȻһЦֲ׵Ϣ΢΢һΣһ·ӵ̨֮ϡ
ʱ֮Įʼ
һԹ֮У˿ĿǿߺȻһըѿ¶һͷͬһ㣬ͷֻ۾ӡʵ֮Ĺ
جаħ
ħʱɫ䣬ʧе
جаħһϡ١а죬ӵξѪɴξʵĹξԽξ硣
һŤĿֲξ֮һ˴ħϡ
ξ֮ҲԸңǲ
ħ΢΢һ¶һ˿֮ɫһɵĹâ֮
ħǺһǿߣսӵرȻҲӵпξ֮ʴر
һɵĹâξ֮Ӵһ±ξ֣֮ξ֮øͣһ½ħֱɡ
㾹Ȼңϡ
Ǵħɫ䣬һ춯صŭ֮΢΢һһµ˵ϣ˫
ʮ֮ǴħһѪҺֱ䡣
ˣ⣬Ȼˣ
ôܣǺһ֣ô
ô£

ڳʿһĻһɫ䣬޾֮ɫ
ħǵ繫ϵĵһǿߣӵнʿʵ۵ʡһӵа˼ϵȵʣ֮ӡ˴ʿʵ֮УҲкüոճΪʿ֮ʱʶȲ
ǿߣȻһɱʱʿһĿɿڴԼ۾
΢΢һʱһëȻĸоѵǸİŮˣǺֶΣ
һС÷İˡǴСһ𳤴ն粨ߵһˡһεģҲİˡҲֻпر֮жֽš
һ뵽ⱻԼεİ˱ѣޱȵᵽŵغĻ
ǵշأܹİŮ˱ѣضڵӵо޴ȨƺߴϵĴָ硣
һͷߴǧ׵ΧһŤĿռ䣬γһֿռҵĸоһۿȥͨ࣬Щ溣ǿȴһۿkһߴǧ׵ˡ


935 Ұ
ܹŮ˱Ļֱضӵо޴ȨƺͿֲʵ⣬Ӧ֮ӵо޴ȨƵǿߡ
졢īġǿʩչطϿξ֮ʴر
ǿ߶츳ǿߣӵиǿޱȵķرξ֮ʴرҲ١
һ֮ⷨ£īĵһξ֮رȻӿһа⣬īϯȥ
īкâһһץ׹ҫͬˮһа֮һ㽫аȫ顣
īĿ䣬ɭޱȵɱģô
졢һâҫȴûзκ״
ϵķâҲ΢΢һѸٵһ飬ͬûзκ״
һս
кâһ΢΢һΣһ³̨֮ϣĶһͷجаħ
ЩجԽξ磬ξ֮УʿǿֻҪûξѪӦξ򣬾ͻᱻkŪ콾Ҳ⡣
һŪξ֮رôӵξѪĳﷴᴦơ
ͷجаħ΢΢һΣֱӴ̨֮ʧȺ֮С
ʱ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬Ħʲô˼
Ħ΢΢һЦʱ֮֮Լˣõk໥ԣֱһ˶ʧ֮һʤûԼһҪ˳սղǵȳսһӦֵˡһΣǴĻʵ۱³ս𣿡
ʱ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬Ű鿴ȥ
ʱҲﻢ¡ǴĻʵ۱£ҲֹΣʵѾ¶ǱԣҲʮΣաֻѾվǴʱȥڰ׼ҵĲдҲһ޴Ĵ
˫һɢһɰԵ׵Ϣûڶս˾ҡ˭һս
ҹŹŵĶ֣
һ˫ۣһֻǣɢžĹħħһһ³̨֮ϡ
һĨأĬģһǳҫʥâʥرǳսסһ¸֮ϡ
ǡǳսסǵʿʳʱһޡǳ䡿ʥʿɼʮǳķһǧʱ⣬ĵرƶɵʥر
ǡǳսסһἤʮǳǳ֮ػرƿߣһ˺ࡢһࡢξֹ֮ͷֻҪûдﵽʥûлʮǳǳ֮޷˺رƿߡ
鷢ʥرǳսס֮йâһһ¶һرǳ֮
׼ƿز֮λ涫糬꣬Ųֹһʥر԰벽ʿʵҲֻܹʹһʥر
ʥرǳսס׼ҹȻƴִ֣ƴļ壡Σ
ŹŵһЦȡһȻŵİʥħһҧȥ
һɲ֮䣬·һһ㣬һͷħħڣȻǴһȦɫӡҫһʿڵĿֲϢӵk֮
kȻǿͻƣʿ
ɫ䣬һΣӶеġǳ֮߶޾ǳ֮ݻγһ޴ĳ˺ѿռ䣬һͷħݺնȥ
װˡǳսס롾ǳ֮󣬰ȫκһ溣ǿߡǶʿĿֲħȴû˿գ
ˣ
ŹŵһЦαˣָһ㣬ӡγһâǽ磬һɲ֮䣬ʮâǽڵkǰ
һ޾ǳ֮γɵľ޽һ´ʮâǽ֮ϣʮâǽһһᴩ˹Źŵļ֮ϣ̳һ׵Ľˡ
һɫħ΢΢һŹŵ֮ϵĽ˱ȫָ
ŹŵĬģһָӡû֮С
֮һ³һֲֻޱȣ·ԻһСʴһеĿֲħۡǾħ֮и۾
һֻħһ֣ʱ˰飬һɫĹһĿֲܴŰȥ
Ĭģһ¸ֳʮǳӰʮǳӰһصĹУγһǳػ硣
һɫĹһºǳػ֮ϣһ˶ʮ˿ǳľ
ǳսסʥرȻ飬ʵԴ߶ս׶ã
Źŵ΢΢һЦĬģһָһɫĹâ˲佫̨֣·̨˺ڰ֮С
һڰħߴӺڰ֮зɳǳҧȥ
ǺڰħÿҧһСǳ飬ڰħ߱ȴͬҲڲϵǳ
Źŵ޾ĺڰ֮УޱȵʩչַŰ
ڰľ֮ǰʥرǳսסػסk塣ӵͬʥررпȥǡǳսסķնɱ顣򣬾ֻİֱkľ޷ʹǡǳսס
䣡
̽ԵĽΣ޷Źŵ֮󣬹ϵ䡣
ȻӵʥرҲֻܹǿԱҪܹŹŵƴطɰǴĻʵۣԴô͸ƴ
ʱ֮Ħ֮Լ溣ǿ֮ıԣkѾʿǿߣ֮Լ
ĦЦʱ֮Źŵ֮ǰǻʵ溣ǿߡֻǵkս֮лͻƣȫϹ涨ʣµҲս֮ͻƣҾ⣡
ʿһĦŭĿӣ˷ŭ
ʿﲻͬѪʿ֮⣬͵ʿûս֮н׵Ŀܡ
졢īĶ֮溣ʿ֮еĹＶǿߣkҪʿǿҲҵһħŨĵطչؿޣԼ֣ܹ֮ɱ
ҲֻѪѪ塢ԨħħѪֲĳһ죬ս֮нȻѪѪȳҪʥʿʿʵҲԶʿѵöࡣ
ѪѪֻоŴ棬ʿÿһʿʳʱʥʿʮ֮Ĳࡣ
һսˣҲҹŹŵ˭һս
Źŵ˫֮һų޾ħ⣬ϯ
ڹŹŵʿڵĿֲϢϯ֮£ɫ΢΢һ䣬̲סһīȴ˿Ϊֻüͷһ塣
īĿһۣĿڹŹŵһӶһս


936 ս
Կʼ
ʱ֮ո£īĻ׹ҫһ׵ӡڵk֮и֣ر׹סֳرսꪡͬһһ㣬һŹŹŵȥ
׹ҫγһ׵ĿֲŹŹŵϯȥ
ŹŵһЦĬģһָ֮Уһֻ޴ֲ·ܹһеħȻ֣һޱȵĺɫһºһֲ֮ϣһ飬ͬʱīϯȥ
īһһųޱȵ׹⣬ֲ֮֮kΪһ𲻰ܵ񣬻Ӷսһֲĺɫݺݴȥ
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һɫĹӲıīһ顣
СʿȻÿһǹȡ֮սܹ֧Ŷã
ŹŵһЦָһţĺڰħͬһ㣬īϯȥ
ŹŵһŰʥ࣬ΪĹħͬʱÿʱÿ̵kǰʥڲϵĽkĻָԶԶī֮ϡ
ɱ㣬Ѿ㹻
īиֳ׵ӡ΢΢һΣһɫ׹⣬ŹŹŵȥ
ƾ㣿ʸ񣡣
ŹŵһĨϷ֮ɫָһţһħħаĺɫħͼȻ֡
һźɫħͼħҫӭһǣһ±仯γһħ֣ħܹһеĿֲ磬һ½īĻɫ׹˽ȥ
һͷͷħħħаͳͳ˹ɢޱȵϢīֱȥ
ħħа֮Уӵʿڵʮ溣ٶʮʿħħаЩֲĳ߶츳īķȥ
ʱ֮ɫһʥرħͼ
ʥرħͼħʳʱʧȥټġħͼ
ʥرôħǵˣ
ɶ񣡣

ЩʿǼһĻɫ䣬۷׷ףһ
ħħĳڲóرkǴʿǿޱȵررЩħǶ޷ʹãɡħͼһЩر⡣
ǹŹŵûǿرīĻпսʤkǵkִʥرħͼīҪսʤkʮѡϾ˫֮һ޴ľ磬ҹŹŵҲħһ֮еš
īҲǵ纣ڶĹ֮еĹǡħͼڣֲΧkĴ߶׵壬׹⹹γͷ۵ս̬
īڱͷ۵ս̬֮󣬸ַٶȲʩչɱǡħͼڵĸаħͬʱһޱȵɫ׹⣬ǡħͼҫûͣһ˲䡣
ǡħͼڣ׹ҫаħ׹֮У飬ȫʧ
ǡħͼڣֻҪŹŵܹṩħЩаħܹԴԴϵĸīĵ׵徻֮£ЩɱаħԴͱݻ٣Ҳ޷
īÿɱһͷаħаħʵͻǿһ֡ΪŹŵԡħͼṩħָаħ
ҿ
īնɱͷʿаħ֮˫һ¸ֳµӡȼվѪеġսꪡһ˲̳ǧ˰ٴΣͬһռ֮ϡ
һռһ±һ˿ѷ죬һ˿˿Ϣ洫
ұ
īһĨ֮ɫеġսꪡâһ˲ըѿǿֲԱ֮ǿռըһС
īĻһ׹һ´С֮зɳ
䣡
īһǡħͼڷɳޱȵ
ŹŵĿīһۣɱһţĿеġħͼһۣһĨϧ֮ɫùϵļһһﲻǵĴУ
ǡħͼʥرŹŵҲֻܹӵkһɵǡħͼԷӳʮɵʥʿĿֲǿߣҲᱻѹɱ
ȻīʮֹϵԱһرҲ޷ӳħͼֻıǡħͼѹɱ
īһ̨֮Ϸ£ɫ࣬΢΢һΣʧ
īҲˣ
ħͼkСħͼ֣˭ǵkĶ֣
ɶ񣡡

ЩʿǼһĻɫһ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
Źŵһö溣Ԩħ࣬ݺݵҧһڣѪӵk䣬벽һЦһ׵Ϣӵk֮ӿǵһ·ϯȥ˭
溣ԨħڹŹŵħ˵Ǵ֮һžܹѸٵĻָkղĵ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һǵ纣ǿߣʿڵǿߣʮǶϹŹŵӵʥرʿħǾһľ档󾳽֮Ĳ࣬ҪĨƽʵ̫ˡ
Щʿǿı֣һĨʧ֮ɫ˵Ŀⶼϣڴη塢
İ˴ʿʵѹ棬ѹǿߣʿĽŲ鲼档˴ʿʳԻͣӵױȵţǿ塣
ԴӰ˴ʿʳʱ֮ĻҲΪǿᣬת䡣ΪǳģǾǳģΪģǲġ
һսǵǰľս߳졣ˣһСĴ
һս
һâҫ̨֮ϣʮֹϵһħ
һɫâҫһīɢİâ·Ὣͳͳɵĺɫսױϡ
սħ棬㾹Ȼǰʵ̫ˣǾȥɣ
ŹŵһЦһָ
ӡ裬һɿֲħӿǸľ޴ħȻ֣һɫĹȥ
һɺȻ֣·һһеĿֲڶǺɫһ
һɫĹǿֲĺڶ֮ϣâҫӲıɺһա
ǿɰ壡
Ȼô򵥾ȥ˹Źŵķ
幦ѫһˣʵȻǿᣡ

ΧʿǼһĻһĨ˷֮ɫ

ǸһȰ飬īĶҪǿö࣡

ߴϵǿǼһĻҲһĨ֮ɫС۵
Щۣʱɫһࡢһףӿһŭ𡣵k֮ǰǴĻʵۣһԾŶ޾ԴʵԶԶ֮ϡѾԶԶ֮ϣȻгŭ


937 ɱŹŵ
һɿֲ׵֮ݻɺ֮ݻγһֲĺڶǹŹŵѹȥ
Źŵɫ䣬һָһһеĺڰħȻɣǾ޴ĺڶȥ
һڰħһӽǾ޴ĺڶֱɣʳƬȫ
ŹŵĬģһ˲ʩչʮַǿֲĺڶȥ
ǿֲĺڶһУѹһУеķǺڶ֮У׽ʳ飬һеĿֲܣŹŹŵϯȥ
Źŵһҧ߶ʥرħͼһ鲼аħĿֲ磬ݻγɵĺڶһ˽ȥ
ǡħͼڣӡҫһͷͷаħȻۣɢſֲޱȵħ
ݻγɵĿֲڶһ³̺аħ磬һаħֱӱǿֲĺڶ֮ڣһʣֱӽ飬ޱȵħûڵһС֮ڡ
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ǡħͼ֮аħոյ㱻ɣΪ

Źŵɫ䣬һħͼ֮ڶʱֱ仯
һͷ߰ףҫϵħ׵ħһͷеħһͷͨڰħͼڡ
ԸʿҪӵоͨĴڣһͷǾַͨĿֲڡ
һͷһ֣еĺڰȨһָ䡢ͬһȥ
һһݻĿֲڶ֮ϣеǿֲĺڶֱɡ
һͷϵħ׵ħĬģͷϹҫ׵ӡȻ߸֡
һϵħ׻һɫȥ
ݻγɵĿֲڶħֱײһɫԺǾ޴ĺڶ֮б㱻ֱɣתΪ
һɲ֮䣬ݻγɵĿֲڶݺݵײһͷħ֮ϣӲĽһͷϵħ׵ħһ¾УͷħѪ⾫Լһ
ǡħͼ֮ڵаħͳͳǱӡ飬kǳû֮⣬һжŵûκβһͷħͬӵѪ⾫ȻȵkѪ⾫ӵħٱֹ
ǡħͼŹŵͷħ֮󣬴ǡħͼ֮Ҳһ´һɿֲޱȵ֮ŹŹŵ

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ЩǿǵĿҲϣغͼɵŹŵǵk֮ǿĴ֮һҲһＶǿߡk׳Ϊ֮󣬸ǿޱȣīĶ˵kСǿ߾ȻֱɱЩǿȻɵޱȡ
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ǡҫ顿ϵ񼶱Ҳֻ溣ϵǿڿֱɡҫ顿ԼѪ֮Ѫһ
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һӰ˲׵˵ǰֲ׵֮ƣ˾ŸСһȭյĿֲһ׵˺ȥ
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һֲޱȵĶѨɭ֮ϣѣ޷ϡ
֮һֲĺڶȻ֣̩ɽѹ֮ɭһ˲Ϣ֮佫ɭֱӾ˽ȥ
Ħɫ΢΢һ䣬Ƿ·һеĿֲڶһĨɭޱȵɱkʮһ׵ɭһڶ֮Уֻ׶༪١
֮ǿֲĺڶ΢΢һֳӰǰƯɭľ޴ͷ­
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ЩʿǼһĻжһĨ˷֮ɫɽһĻ֮Ӫ֮д
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ھƵԵʣԸ˺ƤҲֻܹͨԵķʽͻС̨֮ϡ
һնɱߴϵǿߣ磬ЩʿȻʮ˷ܡֻаһСʿ䡢ʵĿĶ棬תͷ
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温ǲдߴϵɳǿߣźεɱ⣬ͬһħһ

һӰ΢΢һһͷجаħһ³̨֮ϡ
جаħͷɱ˴ħξ
جаħͨξ֮ξ
ϵûпξ֮ر

·Щʿһجаħ̨֮ϣʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
جаħɱ˴ħĹ쳬ûпξ֮رǰʥǿ߱ξ磬Ҳ˰ڲʮ
ʱ֮Ƥ΢΢һĮȻԿʼ
һͷجаħаһһ׵ξ֮ϯȥ
һ¸ֳ͸Ĵ룬Щ͸ĴһӴЩ׵ξ֮㽫Щξ֮ͳͳա
һɲ֮䣬ͷجаħǰһȭͷجаħϡ
ǿֲ˲䱬ͷجаħһѹѪ飬һ¹ķС
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һͬ޵еĿֲ
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ô죿ܹɱ𣿡
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һ˭
ƬصߴϵǿĿһһаԼһһͷɫǿϡ
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ȻȻûһ˿Ư
һŮˣ˸˺˼
Ҳһزǿ£

Щʿһһ֮еа񣬶ʱһĨ޺֮ɫһЩʿ¶ߵһ̰֮ɫ
һŮаһͷ粨˵ϷĳʻƽӨѩ񣬷·Ļһ㣬һͷ·޲ýڴϣ˺˼
ҲòϣһŮаǰʮľɫŮֻʯѩħŮʡʹŮѩűʤһ
۲תﰧˣʵҲĶ֡磬һսƽΣӦƽ֣ԸΪҳϵū澣̷ǧꡣ
һĿⶼϣľˣһ溣ǿ߼ľΪūǧ꣬ջɲʲô˶ֵܹġϾͬʵǿ޾׵ǿ߾Ҳǿı
΢΢һЦնͶȥֻѡ񣡡
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ùϣԭ˵սħɫԣԭȻ˹ϣ
Ȼܹܾջһµļһ

ЩʿߴϵǿǼһĻٴε˶ۡ


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һɫսìɫУɢһ˿˿ر
溣ǿ˵ܹȫӳżرʹþżرõѡЩرʥرֻܹΪƣӳһ
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ɫһĨ֮ɫЦʲôóԾģԼڿǹһ壬ҲǴӹһѧһطѧһطʲôϡ棿
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ǻԻʹʥȻ֮һֱӳǰͬʱһ޴ָһµɫʺսì֮ϣɫʺսìһ顣
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ǻԻʹʥٴһֻɫ貣̺ŻԻִ֮ݺ߲ɽ֮Ϻݺȥ


940 
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ߴϵʥʿһӦǡն񵶡ͷųĵۼرʱɫ䣬ӹһĨɫ
ʥʿǿ߾㲻дʥǿߣҲʩչѡһǴʥǿ߶õۼرȫնɱʥʿֲǿߵ
ھ浭ˣԻʹʥȷʵ߲ʥĴҲѾѵkˣ¾˰ɣԼǻᰴǵ飬֮λ棬Ƭ֮ϵͳͳ뿪
ʥʿǿ֮߳⣬ûܵʲôɻָƣϡֻؼʱ򣬵kǲŻƴһ㶼׽֡
߲ʥƻأ֣ߴϵǿ߶ּɣȴûһԸΪkԻʹʥƴһս
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һâһҴر֮䣬·ϣ·ͳͳա
һâҫЩ嶼׷ʧ
ʤˣ
̫ˣ
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Щһʧʿ֮У㴫һɽĻ֮
һ壬ӲĽǿ߻ܡɱƵ岻ò飬ʿͬʱҲΪ屣һԪȻЩʿ˷ܲѡ֮еΪһսٴߵһµĵز
鳤ʥʿ´ܹյȨơȻ幦ѫһ˵ԼԻʹʥֳ֧Ϊ鳤Ȼвʿ
ߴϵǿ߻ܣﵽһµĵزͬҲ˸ʿֺ֧Ͽɡ
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Ϊߴ鳤֮һһҪΪѵʿż̤ż
ССʿųΪĸӹǱ鲼档
Ҳ֮УŵkĻеšЩССʿŷ¾𶩵kЩӵħսսˡ
ӴޱȵԴӿȥ֧λ֮УһɵĹϵָǿޱȵսˣ
սħռݵҶմ½Ļƽ֮ڣ滺˫ۣ³һӡѪγɹȻɳ
һһǹ֮ϣ֮ճɻҡ
ʱѾ溣ܼĿֲڣһѪټǻƽ̺֮ŵľħȫһͷ˾Ŀֲ
Ѫǵأ֮еħܽһ𣬾ʱĳγĵر溣ܣħǿߡ
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ʱѾվ溣ؾ֮УʿĶ㡣ãã֮гʿ֮⣬ǿ塣ЩǿҲͬӵԼľš
ҪʿʵۼǿߣͱЩһͬ໥ɱͬƳһ㣬пܽΪʿʵۼǿߡ
鳤ȨƹȻãصĲϾȻ˼򵥾ռ˴룬ھֻʣ¿Ǻһˣ
΢΢һϵ弶ܹԣ˽Ŀǰϡϵչ
鳤ı֮󣬱鳤Ȩռϡϡ
ʿΪԵɺ϶ϡĲϣֱţıмǿչЩʿҲֻܹԹԵĽЩϡϡ濪ۼߣЩʿҲû̫Թԡ
ڴʱ˵ԴԴԴϵۡȱķЩϡвϣпǺԸ⿪ʮʮг۸
ǿǺҲǼΪϡٵ񼶲ϣڹʱ٣˴ʿʵ֮󣬴ʹÿǺƵۼرִĿǺ֮٣鳤ȨƣҲֻǻˣصĽо޴Ĳࡣ
߼ص񼶲ϣҲķѿֲԴһЩڴʱڶ࣬Դ˵ͨԴʲô
Щ濴õǽ֮λ棬֮λޣϵĽš
ڿʵַֻ棬ʮλı⡣йĿǰõѡ񡣡
΢΢һ뵽ݡ
ħһȫʢ֮ʱԴһʥʿǿ߿Խ涴Ѩ
һݾʿʵۼǿ߼սԼޱȵʱⳤӳˢѾֻܹǿһ溣ǿߴԽ涴Ѩ
гĵرӦǸݻԴһᴩ棬ʥʿǿͨе磬Ȼķ˶ԴһΣյĶѨ
׳Ϊʿٽ棬ͱķѺԴʱ޸ǸᴩĶѨ


941 
ħ֮ǰ澲վݣĹâ
ĿݣȻһ̾ϧҵʱʵ̫ˣ
Ϊ鳤ûʲô⣬֦մ½֮дţħܣʮ֮ڣܹ׳ΪʿĿֲǿߡ
ʮ׳ΪʿǿٶȣѾ졣Ҫ֪޾Ԩ֮Ԩħ󹫾꣬ʮ궼һ޷Ԩħ
໥ں֮ǰһ׳Ϊʿǿߣȫڲ֮λ޴ķˣһͳ֮δر硣
ʮΪٶڷı仯ֹＶŲ
֮ͬʱ֮λž޴λ沢࣬ҲûС
ֹǰҲʮһһ֮ͻǰֱ
֪ͨʿʳĸ߲ѡһӣͶƿ֮ĵλ棬ͬƳһ໥ɱ
ͬʱʿʳĵɲ⣬Ǳֵ֧ʥʿֹһпŴʥǿߡ
ںϵʱûʥʿΪôסԼʮѡ
ʿ֮УϾǿΪһЩʥʿһһѻع飬һ溣ǿڵkǵҲʲô
֮һĸߵַĸַ֮еĺôͱչһաȥ鿴һĸַȷʵһ鱦أʿµĴ˵вСĺô溣ǿ˵ȴû̫á
ʿʵԽǿܹǿkʵıؾԽ١ҲʿʵۼǿԵԵʡ
ûб仯֮ǰ֮еԴÿһʱֻܹ֧һʿʵۼǿߴڡһʿʵۼǿߣעҪ̤ǿߵʬǣȡЩǿߵԴһ۷塣
ɱɫ⣬ҲɫϴŵĸмʥʿҪĵر
һᣬĿ˸һĨ֮ɫһҧģһָ
һӡһû֮ڣһѪɫӳֱĳڤڤ֮ıϺݺһ´ȥ
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һʹĵرƳ溣Ѫܻ΢΢һΣһֱûǸŤĶѨ֮ڡ
ȫ˲һ溣Ѫܻϡ
ԽɲһС£Ȼڲͬλ֮д󣬿ǿԽĴǵһΡ
ѪܻһײһŤĶѨ֮Уһɿֲ׵˺֮ʱӿĻһ˺顣
ȻԽûô򵥣溣ʿûרŵرػҲʮ
ѪܻһһͨԲαȻɳγһػݡkһΣһ·Ǹ֮ڡ
ǸԲεıһײһѨ֮ϣһɹɹǸѨ֮ϣһļǸѨ֮ڡ
ž꣡
һ֮УԲεıһı顢ֱӿʼ塣
ǸԲεıݱϾͨ񳲶رԭ񳲣ȻΪ޴
񳲵켼ǹĻܣҲֻߡʮʿʵۼĿֲǿԼר񳲵ǿա
Ȼѹ˰ϿʥӰϿʥ鱨Ȼûл񳲵켼
Բαһķ飬еݶڵһʱ䷴弶ܹ֮УѸٵĽŵ
ĿƼ˵ÿһݶΪ󣬿ԳΪݵĻ
һ֮Բαȫ֮ǰһʧ
弶ܹһʧȥ˶ԲαݵϵҲʧȥ˶ѪܻƿأԼоԼʧȥһ˿꣡
濴ڰ֮еŤĶѨһ˿֮ɫɹ𣿡
һռһ΢΢ŤѪܻһ³һ޴Ĺ֮ڡ
ģ
ѪܻһĨɻΧȥ
ֻһ޴Ĺλһ޴ޱȵɽ֮ڣɽޱȵӡһ˿ռ䷨򣬽ǸɽɢΪһԲʮС硣
С֮Уһ̳̳һ޴ĶѨǴͨγɵĶѨ
ɨǸ̳һۣһ۾ͿǸ̳һԴ֮ͨλͨļ̳Ǹ̳Χѻ˸־壬ЩǹǿʹõԴԴ
ʿ֮Уʿʩչħҩǿ綼벻ħʯħħʯħʿǵԴ
֮УԴбĶԴȪĶΧԴչ
ԴΪԴмԴ߼ԴԴǺԴԴԴ
Դ»ʿ´áмԴ»ҫǿá߼Դ⼶ǿáԴ溣ǿáǺԴʿǿáԴʥʿԴʿʵá
Ǽ̳ΧѻźĳԴٿǺԴʮŲ𼶵Դʥʿǿ߿˶ԴҲĶ
Ҫ֪Ͽʥʥǿûʲô񣬴ԼҪΪkһܹһöԴ
ԴʥǿҲһš
ѪܻΧϸĿһۣ˫һ¸ֳӡʱ֮б鲼磬ʿǿЩ磬Ҳ䡣
ѪܻһĨź֮ɫҵʵֻܹȥˣ
潫һѪܻ͹Ҫ߽һ飬ȴûϵطΣաkһ溣ѪܻȻ粽С
ѪܻĬģǼ̳һָһâûǼ̳֮ڡ
Ǽ̳һһ֮·ûǸѨ֮ڣǸʼպϵ涴Ѩֱӳſȶ
ѪܻһΣֱûǸ涴Ѩ֮ڣԽ棬ںħ硣
Ѫܻһ֣kľ㱻弶ܹȡ
һᣬһĨ֮ɫ溣Ļûа취ֻܹһˣ
Ϊ˰ȫûǱһ̽»з֮پǷȥ
ĻϾ뱾ʵ̫ԶûбֲֶֿΣһֱڡ
΢΢һΣֱӷǸѨ
ǿֲļѹ֮˲䴫һת㲻壬һ¸ֳһɿֲ֮ǿֲļѹ֮⡣


942 
һ˿˿ޱȵɣûڣǿֲļѹ֮
ʵֻҪʿʵ㹻ǿȫԵֵǴԽĿֲѹ֮
һ΢΢ŤĹâҫֱӴԽϣǾ޴ɽ֮С
һһС֮ڣת㷨ʱоһĶϢϡ
棬ᾪ־ֻͬΪһӡ
ʿڵ幦ѫһˣͬҲʿ˵֮ӣҲܽʹŮ
ʿڵ໥ɵʱʿڵ˵飬Ҳǵkӵ顣
Ķ⣡ô˵Ҫûطڣ潫ùѹ˰Ͽʥӵk˲ܣ
΢΢һĬģһָһӡâҫ˵궼һαװαװΪ
ǿֲҲֱʧ
תħͫ˫۸ֳصӡǶѨطһʱŤĽ硣
Ѩ֮вŵŤྐྵȻʿķ๲֮ͨ
üͷ΢΢һ壺Щ羹Ȼܻʳʱķһģһǹ죡
治ͬϵʹõҲͬ
ȫߵǴеƼϵʿʹõʹõԴܡ
Ѩ֮ǰʱħ۲õĽ硣ֽʿʳܻʳķ羹Ȼһģһʱ롣
濴Ǽ̳һۣһУһööԴֱӷС
ĳԴٿǺԴʮŲ𼶵ԴѾһβС
ԴǹһԴʿ֮еħҪһܼޱȡ
ѾӰϿʥԴķţͬʱɰҲɸΪá
һɳһֱȥ
Щ׵ĽһɳһѨʹһĶѨ֮з˳ȥ
һɳǸɽ壬һߡšɳĮûһ˿ħܣķ֮ϡ
ĸ涼࣬Щǻ˵˾סĵطҲûʲô˻ķѴ
ǹ޹ԵĻ֮أƬ֮УûԴҲǻסŷ򣬺ħۻѡĺõط
涯ôӰϿʥѧطһ²Լڵλá
ܹҵϵѾȫжϣ뻯֮ϵҲͳͳжϣ֮
΢΢һӦֲ֮ͬ
ʿ֮Уʲôյأ涼ܹͨһصķʽܹͨεƿԼԼӴޱȵĻеš
棬ȴʧȥܹ֮ϵ˵һ
ԾŵĲԣԾܹԽдͣǲ죡
ܿǷ·ٳһ޴ĵʵңһԾŰװϣֱ
һе֮Ծ֮һŤĹâԾ֮ҫһ˲䣬ʧ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ȻУ֮ľ룬ԾҲ޷Խ
ܹ׳Ϊߣݵԭ켼֮ϸһпܿԽԾš
Ӧ취Ӵ溣ǿߣͨk֮С
ֹͣʵ飬Ծһת㷨ʼ溣ǿߡ
ֹͣʩһ̾Уʿڵ治ͬ㷨ֻܹǿҸܵĶ⣬޷֮и˵ʾ
ͬķͬͬʿطЧҲΪĲͬۿۡ
ʿطʿԼ˶ķ򣬵Ԫγˣ˷˼Ŀֲͬͬྪ˵ķʧȥЧ
ʿڵܼ߰ͬʱӵȻʮֽΪһʮΣյ飬в˵ҲбٷĿܡ
ֶ޷쵽飬ֶ
һӣǼ̽ȻɳͬһûǸѰҪѰҵĿꡣ
һһоŷƵı˲ɳֱӽǱ֮ڣ߶Ǳ޹λ÷ȥ
ǹı־սڹ֮Уе߶񳲵ķƷ
޹ǹһԵƬ֧һΪϵ塣֮ӵһʥʿǿߣ档
Ҳ֮£޹֮ǲűѹƣó޹ĸ֮أɢ޹ͬ
ʮʱת˲ȥ
ҵˣ
Ǳ֮ǺԴһ˫ۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݡ
ããǿ֮УһҾ޴սͬһѸٵķš
鱨׼ȷӦǱԵ֮أֵطҪı
սڲһ֮ڣǿߣһͷϳʮ룬ಿͨಢûΪӢʵ
˵Ŀһ¼һа죬һͷڷòޱȣһӡϡ
΢΢һЦȻһõ鱨ʾƬ֮Уһƽ岿䡣
ƽ壡ǸԴѪ֮Ļƽ壡
ǿ߶ʱһ󼱴٣ж֮ɫ
Ҳ֮ɫûһ˻ƽѪҺǾпͻƿΪǺʿǿߣ֮֯еĵλҲһء
溣ǿʿǿ֮ʵΪ޴ͬλ֮ĲҲΪ޴ܹ溣ʿݳΪ鳤֮һ幦ѫһ֮⣬ΪӴ¸ƣǿ꣬ӵлԻʹʥ֧֡
һʿǿߣ鳤ͻСܶ࣬Ͼĸ棬ǿΪرսʱڡ
һһͷ췢ۣɫͨʺǿߵжòŵ
ѾˣǵԿԿʼˣ
΢΢һЦһ㣬һâҫһսһ±͸һɫǵǰ
һսһǿĴ㣬ֱӷǿھһ׵ĸ߿֮ϡ


943 ƽ
ǿ֮ϣһƬߵ˼㣬ûһ˿

ͨ巢ǿɨǸŵһۣ˫һ¸ֳصӡǸȥüͷ΢΢һ壬ֱʵ
˶溣ǿߣӵпֲޱȵĳ֪kǿֲ׵ĸ֪ȫԸ
ͨ巢ǿ߸ӵпֲط˫ۿԿֻڵk֮ͫ£ȴûпκζ
kصʮ
΢΢һЦһƬͨͨĻĮһָ
֮һ¸ֳһ޴ޱȵĺڶһֲĺɫ˲һƬĮȥ
һɫĹڴ֮ϵʱһ˿˿һƽɫľ޴˴֮ϡ
Ǿ޴Ļƽ·һ޴ޱȵĳУ鲼һߴޱȵĽһɹǿޱȵϢ
ǳ֮ڣ洦ɼһĸߴ󣬼Өͨûκǿߡ
ǻǿһḬ֮̃ɫƽ壡ǻƽ壡ܵ˵һ壬ȻĴ̫ˣ
ƽܵ˵һ塣ƽǿһӵ»ʿϵĿֲͬʱkǵĽûмޣÿһƽǿ߶ӵн׳ΪʥʿǱš
ÿһ֮Уᵮƽ塣һ棬ƽǿ߶ԻһʱưԹ棬һ⣬˥䡣ͬƽѪ֮ǿ壬һЩһ̤۷ܣ϶зĻᡣ
ǻƽĲͬǵkڵѪҺǸ߹ޱȵĻƽɫԾͬѪѪ
ڶʿʳ֮ͼʿܹ֮ҵĻƽǿɱһգȡƽѪҺѪͬѪΪһ壬׳Ϊʿʵۼǿߡ
㲻ѪʿȡǻƽѪҺҲԾѪʺͻƿĸʡĸǿߣֻҪƽ嶼ֱӲɱ
ѾӵˣΪʲôҪ׷Ϊʲôһ·
һϵ̾Ϣ֮·ĳ֮дһ𷢱ۣĿߴɢһǿ߷˳
Ķƽǿߣ֮г˺⣺ǻƽ죿ͶɣֻҪͶңҾͿһÿֻǶʮˣ򣬽ǻƽ֮գ
溣ǿҲֱӷɵƽ󣬽ƽΧסг̰֮ɫ
һƽһ溣ǿߣkĻƽ֮ѪԽһ溣ǿѪһΡ
κһ溣ǿ߱ǻƽĻƽ֮Ѫ֮󣬶ӵн׳ΪʿǿߵǱ
ǹ˹Ȼǻƽ壬Ǿͳͳɣ
˹һŭһ¸ֳƽӡһֻɢһ˿˿ʥĻƽȹǳ˵kУһ溣ǿ߼ĿֲϢӵk֮
ǿߣ溣ǿߣ
kǿ߼ǿߣ

Ĵǿɫ䣬ͺһСȥȴһ²һ
˹һɲ֮䣬һֻ۾ĹǿǰӶ޴Ļƽȹǣſֲޱȵ壬ҪպһĹǿߺȥ
溣ǿɫ䣬ĴŹ˹ȥ
һĹǿɫҰףüĵĵֻ۾һſһֻأӡ۾Ȼ֣һŲӵķһ³ڵkǰ
ǻƽȹǺǾŲӵķ֮һ㽫ǾŲӵķñ飬պǿϣֲ˲佫ǿ촷ۡ
ǿ߱ɱһ˲䣬ƽ֮Ȼڹ˹ϸ֡
溣ǿ߹һºƽ֮ϣƽ֮ܺ飬һºڹ˹ϣkһ˿ƽ֮Ѫ

˹֮󣬸ױӶǻƽȹǣױ׵һ£˲ǻǿϣһǻǿߵз֣ǻǿߺ촷ۡ
Ƥд˾
ɫҰףҽе
Լдж溣ڵǿߣϹ˹ƽ溣ǿߣȫֻ·һ
һȺ
һ֮и֣һһۣòӢͷϳһֻǵǿ̤նɢһʿĿֲ
Ǻǿߣãҿӣ
һĹ˹һӦһʿĿֲϢʱɫ䣬
·ĳ֮Уһƽ˲һʮ»ʿϵĿֲϢ˷ȥ
ƽǿһӵ»ʿϵĿֲʵkҲһ㣬Ƿ
һԻƽĴѪ򸾽ϣkǾ㻳УҲҪķһʱܹһӡҵkǵĺ֮󣬷򸾵ܵӰ졣˻ƽǿһ㶼ϲټǿߵ׷ɱkǺľ
ӣûô򵥣Ӱ֮˿
һЦʮָһţ˿ԵkΪԲ˷ϯȥ
һ˿ûһ˷˼ĵطȻ֣һ´һʮƽǿϡ
һʮƽǿһ±һɹǿޱȵĻƽâǻƽâֻҫһ˲һ̯˵ϡ
ЩƽǿһأֱǴзȥ
ס֣
һȥֻʮ꣬𷢱ۣĻԸУȴȻһ˿˿֮ȴѾӵǾòĻƽŮһ±ʿĿֲһ¸ֳһƽ𽣣һնӰ֮˿ϣӰ֮˿һնϡ
˹˫۳죬𣬴߶壬һ޾ĻƽâǰƤкȥȣӣΪǱ𣡣
ƽʥ壡ˣĳƽʥ壡ֻҪɱ˵kȡkѪҺ꣬ϴ˵нʿʵۣĻᣡץסҪģˣȥ
Ƥɨ˸һۣ˫֮һųɣ˷һЦָһţֲ׵ħγһֱߴǧףֵľ޴ףŹ˹ȥ
Ǿ޴Ĺһײǻƽ⺣֮ϣӲĽǻƽ⺣˺飬ݺݵײڹ˹ϣ˹ֱӺء
ֱֲڵϣغһ޴ĶѨ
Ŀ˹˹һۣ֮һĨỨ΢΢һΣһƽâȥ
ƽһ׷ɱ壬ȴСܵĽʮʱԲܹͷ򲻵޷ˣҲΪ˵
ӣûϣʵʵҵɣ
һЦָһţһֻޱȵڵkи֣һɵĹâ֮зɳһºڸȵ֮ϡ


944 ѹ˹
һ±һƽ磬ϵӣγһŲĻƽ硣
һɵĹâһǾŲƽ֮ϣǾŲƽ˲ȫ顣һɵĹâҲֱӵ
΢΢һףٶһ±һƽâԶȥ
ǻƽ壬˵壡ϧң
һЦһɿֲԴܱ֮Уγһֻޱȣӡ۾
һɫĹâһգһڸȵ֮ϡ
ȶʱ΢΢һ·ʱ䵹һ㣬ʮֹİԭĹ켣˻ԭĵط
ǹ۾һתһɵĹâһºڸȵϡ
ȶʱһȫ޷ʹһȥ֮иֳһ˿֮ɫ
ʱ䷨򣿲ֻʱķһ㣬ܹȤ
һȻƬ֮
˭
Լжʱɫ䣬ķȥһ۾Ϳ滺Ĵ֮߳βϵı
һĨ֮ɫɭޱȵɱ⣬ʲôˣ
ƽĻƽ֮ѪǿıʥǿҲᶯġֻʿʵϵǿߣѪѾŲҪƽĻƽ֮Ѫ
ȻǻƽܣͲ׼뿪˵ء
ɱǵˣ
΢΢һЦǰ̤һһģһɲ֮䣬ǴеǰһȭѹһСһеǴкȥ
Ǵɫ䣬һ¸ֳʮط֣ͬʱһŤͼһѡ
̺ĿֲһȭǴеķ֮ϣӲĽǴеķֺñ飬˳ѹһǴкɷɻҡ
ԭѾôǿˣ
濴ǻɻҵĴУ΢΢һ¶һ˿ޱȵ顣
һ溣ǿ߾ͱ涯һֶβܹսʤһȭܹɱһ溣ǿߡֽʮá
һĻʱŵûɢһھѪһŤԶȥ
һ
˫֮һ¸ֳӡĻ÷򷢶һɽʵ֮䣬ʵĹϢ֮ӿ
Զһޱȵת򣬼֮䣬ֱӷɻصߡ
һָüģһĻ׵͸ü֮ڣ׾ٱ㽫֧䡣
ϿʥѾʹķѹӡĻҲѾѣΪеһſֲơ
淨ĲͬĻֲһɱﵡֱξ֮ѾʧȥЧ
ĻܹӴξ磬kܹξķ򣬽ξ硣
ƤĿһۣһĨ֮ɫŸһָλѣ˹ƤСǺƽһ򾡣ƽһֻƽΣֻҪƽŮĻƽ嶼㣡
һɱһ溣ڵǿߣƤʿǿҲܹ쵽չֳĿֲʵѾ밢Ƥп⡣k˹Ȼ֦
ƽʥ壬ƽ֮ǿʡһڻƽǿ֮жδܹһϡٴڡֻҪʱԴɳΪ𼶾ʥǿ߼ֱһ˿ΪǿߵĿܣĻƽ֮ѪҲı̥ǣӵнΪ𼶵Ǳ
涢Ǹȣ·ڿһ䱦΢΢һЦһһ
ƽĳǻƽʥ֮ӣܾس谮ǱĹĴڡ
ֻʮ꣬Ѿӵʿ۷Ŀֲʵֱ졣kĽǱµʹŮѩԸһ˿
Ƥ·׼սѾ˺۵Ĺ˹һָһɸ߸ϵİûҵģĻƽ㡣һͷƽӵ溣۷ֻҪɵkľѪϴѪ꣬ͿͻƿΪǺǿߡ
ϧҵѡ񣬴Ƕ̣
΢΢һЦĻȻ֣һֻĻ֮ȻſһףĻŤһ˲㽫Ƥֱ֡
Ƥ΢΢һ˫һ֮С
ǰ̤һһ³ڰƤеǰһָ˵kü֮ϣķӡӡͬˮһӿ˰Ƥеüģŵk֫ٺɢȥӲkֱѹӡ
ȼһĻ֮г𺳣ǿ̫ǿˣʲôˣôܹôɾ˹ѹ˹ǺĿֲǿߣ
Ǻǿ޹֮УҲǰǿߡ޹ֻһ𼶵ǿصİǺǿߡ
ƤһǺǿߣױ㽫ƽǿĹ˹ܡһֲǺǿ߾Ȼ򼶵ǿѹʱøг𺧡
ȥ
˹ԡѪ˫֮ױ׵Ĺâһ³ǰӶƽȹǴݺݺȥ
滹ǰƤжΪ˻ƽĻƽ֮Ѫڹ˹˵ǵˡ
ûõģ˹򲻹ƴҲ˲ҷֺ
һЦһָɫȻ˷Ź˹ȥ
˹ӶǻƽȹһųҫޱȵĻƽâһɫ顣
һŤһɫӹ˹ࡢҲࡢϷ·ֹķ̳Ź˹ȥ
˹ֻܹӶƽȹǺɫȥkʮĸ֪һǺɫ壬Իʮֲ鷢
Ǻɫ޾۹˹ô飬µĺڰŵkȥƵõkòȫսԼ
浭սȥ˵Դˣֹͣսˣ
ĻȻ֣Ļ֮֮һ´һعĲڹ˹ϡ
˹΢΢һһɫ˵kڣkֱѹ
ȿ˹˹Լһٶˣһ֮̾һĨ֮ɫҵˣҿԴӦ㣬ȡҵѪ꣡
ȡѪƽϲϻӰ쵽ȡѪճɹǿнȵѪȡҲǲУһƷʾͻ˳ϲ
Щһ׷Ķǿ˵Ĳõk΢һ¡
ŹȣҿȡҵѪ꣡
Źȣ

Щƽǿһ˫۳
һٶƽǿ߾ͷ·һ޴ļ壬kܵһΪĴܶ鼫ΪӵлƽʥĸȾǵkǵϣkȻԸС


945 
濴Ÿȣ֮ɫȣҶܸȤֻҪĸԸҵˣҾͱӻǻƽ壬ǻƽһ鰲ء
΢΢һ㶵㲻ȡҵĻƽ֮Ѫ
ǻƽʥ壬ʥǿ߶ᶯĵĴڡֻҪѪȡĴʥǿ߶Ϊʿʵۼǿߵĸʡ
΢΢һЦĻƽ֮ѪȷʵޱȣҸӿص㱾
ѾѾţӵǱΪʥʿֻʹŮѩšټȡӢˡ
ټȡӢ֮еţ˼ľšˣǽʥʿĸҲԶԶȲʹŮѩź͸ȡ
ҪÿһֱͬеĴڣ;ԲŹľš
֮΢΢ҧãҴӦ㣡ΪŮˣֻҪ㰴Լúҵˣһˣ
ΪޣΪ⡣
ôֵҪ󣬸ȶ޷һѾõĽ
һ㣬һɫĹâҫûЩƽǿϡ
Щǻƽǿϵķӡȫʧ
˹һָĿһۣлˣ
һʮƽǿҲ棬Ÿޱȵ顣
֮Уƽǿһ֣϶ᱻǿ׷󱻳ȡѪΪǿ߽澹ȻŹԼƽǿߣֱ˲š
浭ӽ𣬾˵ˣǿԳƺΪħ棡
ʿ֮УѾǹȥʽСߴ鳤֮һʿ֮ŹİӣĿǰкȻܽԼִֵı¶
ħȻը죬õͬ١ʿ֮У֮оͿʿгʮԺħ档ӰϿʥĿУҲ֪֮ڣԺħǿʮ
˹ǣħˣ
˫ģ֮еľ޴񳲷Ʒ㻺ɳ˵ǰǻƽǿͳͳǾ޴񳲷Ʒ֮ڡ
˹޹˹׶ǣҲ˹ΪģԴḻ
һâҫһҴɫκսһ³˹Ϸ
ʲôˣ
Ϯ

һ֮˹֮һԴܻȻ֣˹ʹ
ƤУҹ
һԵޱȵǴɫκս֮дһʿڼĿֲһ˹ʹ
Ǳʲô飬Եһʱ䣡
һһɫսףɢһ溣ڿֲǿߴ˹ʹ֮зɳǴɫκսһ
ǿ߾˹ŵ˹Ƥвڣ˹֡
ǼĹǼҹ˹ǵжԹϵ˫ɱǧ꣬ŻѪ
ƤоӪеkʵȻȼѷһȴӵа溣ǿߡҹȴֻ溣ǿߡ˹ʵҹҪʤѹüҹЩ
ɭɭҵһӣǰ˹ɱˡðƤйһҾͲǻʹ
ŵ˹üͷ΢΢һ壬ǰƤ˹ǿߵܹһÿ
ǰƤʧӰ٣˹Ҫ⼫Ϊѡ
ŵ˹һ˹Ը⳥һٿ鳬Դ˽£
ƤйȻ뿪ˣһ鲻Դ뿪˵ءҾԼ˹ıã
һâҫǴɫľս֮Уһ·ɳһףȼһһһͷɫһɫսףɢһɰԵƵĿֲǿߡkǼ
ŵ˹ɫһܣûȨòԴ
ǲԴʥʿǿʹõıƤҲֻšǶǵkΪʥʿ׼ıøˡ
ҾԼã
һЦָһţһѹһֲ׵ĻһĻ˹ʹķϯȥ
˹ʹ֮ڣһ±˵溣Ŀֲӡγһ޴Ľ硣
һ춯صĻһǾ޴Ľ֮ϣ˺ҧǾ޴ķ磬ֲĻ֮Ǿ޴ķյ΢΢Ť
Ǵɫľս֮Уһ·ɳǿߡkǳŸַһħǿߴ֮£˹һҪйȥ
¡¡
޴ıը֮ϣ˹׶Ƕս֮ڡ
һֱ֮ǣס˹İ溣ǿߣǼҹǿǼҹһ溣ǿߴ֮һ·ѹɱӣ˹һƬ𺣡
Ǽҹǿͬȳһ㣬ɨѹһУͨ˶ŹͳͳץЩͨͳͳū
Ǽҹǿߵķƻ֮£㰢Ƥлص˹ҲҪʮϰпָܻԪ
ŵ˹ɫ࣬Ҫ˹𣡣
ŵ˹ȻڻʹͨⱦѾѾΪһ˹׶ǡ
һЦ֮䣬ǲݵĹϵҪֹңǾʹǵڹɣ
ŵ˹һҧĿ˼һۣĬ
ûаƤŵһʿǿǣƣŵ˹kǰ˴溣ǿһ뿪ʹԻᱻһһָɱ
Ȼ˹׶طѾɱʬɽѪŵ˹Ҳֻܹҧǿˮ£ĮԹۡ
һЦһȺǾͶڹڣô˹ͳͳɱ⣡
Ҫ˹ͳͳɱ⣡
һȻ֮дһͷ㿴仯ɵİƤд֮һ˹
£
˹ʹ֮ڣһ´춯صĻ֮
ƤУҪˣ㣡
һЦſһ磬һɫĻγһ̺Ż淨ɫŰƤкȥ
Ŀ䣬ǰ̤һһȭſֲ׵·ݻγһǳһеܣһɫĻ֮ϡ
һɫĻѹ֮£һ
һſֲޱȵǳһºڼ֮ϣӲĽǼһ׹أըѿγһֲĴ󶴡
ǿ
ǿʲôʱôǿˣ
壬ʲôʱˣ

ǻʹ֮ڣЩ˹ǿһĿɿڴԼ۾


946 ɱ
ʿǿÿһ֮еţkÿһ˶ֲͬķ֮Ҫĳ̶ȣֻʿ֮еŲܹ쵽
ߴϵĶԾ֮У˫ɳǿ֮Ըհ壬ΪЩ溣ǿÿһǹ֮еĹ֮еţһ֮Ĵڡ
Ƥŵ֮ǰղٷȴûнһַĳ̶ȡ
ûʿǿ߹ȻѲ
Ǽɨһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬΢΢һΣһڼǰ߶壬һȭżȥ
һҧһŻ籩˲γһֲޱȵĻ籩ɽ󺣣գ
ѹ֮£ǻ籩ٴȫȭͷ˲ڼ֮ϣֲһ»˼ķٴνkش
һӰҫżȥֲ˺˼ķһһνش
ֻǼȴҧӲţϺһҺ壬ӲĵסĹ
Ϊð䰢Ƥŵǿޱȵֶζ޷ʹãűӲĵסkֻҪ㲻壬ܹһٽѹɱ
ŵ˹˸Ұ˹ЩͳͳɱˣҪ²
ǣ£
ŵ˹΢΢һϸĿһۣȷʵ˺ԪܴӦ
溣ǿߴħǿߴӻʹ֮УԶȥһһֻɱӵ˹۹֮С
溣ǿһֲֿ֣׵Ĺһºڼľ֮УӲĽǼҫʿǿɱ
˹֮еħǿҲҫһâ֮У߶ԴܣǼľһһ顣
˫۳죬ס֣ƤŵһΣˣһ뿪ס֣
ҫʿǿڼ֮ҲмƽܹһЩҫʿǿȫһԪˡ
һЦ߶壬һȭļķڼϣ䣡ˣȥ
һѪŭغƤŵѵҪǼ𣿡
֮䱾ǲݵĹϵȻҾͳȫ㣡
һЦȡһžӨùȣżһָ
ŵ˹һ˷֮ɫ£Ҫһ
ɲ֮䣬˹ʹ֮ڣһâҫǧ»ʿϵĿֲϢȻӻʹ֮ڶ
ӡӻʹ֮ڷɳγһͬѩ״һ㣬ӡĹ顣
һֻŤ·ǻͷ۶ɵļʸȻǹ֮зɳͬһżֱӺȥ

ɫ䣬оһв֮һ¸ֳӡͬʱһرȼİŶһ¸ڵkǰſһɫķ硣
һּΪаԴܹҪĽʮ»ʿϵǿ߼ķԴܹƶɡҲһ깥ĿֲԴܹʿǿ߱УҲԾһ
һֻŤļʸһɫķ磬˲Ťͷһſͣһ׵
һ׵˷żֱӴȥ
ǰŶķֵס󲿷ֵӺ󷽡Ϸ෽ȴĻ˷磬һºڼ֮ϡ
Ťһ¶ʹޱȵ飬
һ³ڼǰһȭſֲ׵ڼ֮ϣӲĽ廤ֺñ飬ֲһ½һ롣
ŤƤУɱң޹սѵ㶯𣡣
һЦȻǾûܹȵ㣡ǼҹҲ˹һ֣
ٴκһȭһڼ֮ϣ屬һ㽫ɷ顣
㲻𣡣
㲻𣡣

潫ɱǻʹ֮һ´춯صĻ֮
ŵ˹ҲһĨϲɫüͷȴǺȻ΢΢һ塣
ɱЩߣ
һֻǧ˵ĽȻǻʹ֮зɳǧ˶»ʿϵǿߣΪ׵Ľͳһ溣ǿߡ
溣ǿһųݺ͹֮ɫ£
һֲ׵ʿǿߣһֲǿ߾ȻУЩ˹ǿǶǵӾη
ףһЩɱ⣡
˷֮ɫǣ£
һսԶʿڵĿֲǿߴ֮£˹ǿһ·ѹɱ¾Щǿߡ
Ҳԥ֣ɱżħǿߡ
ΪʿǿߣֻҪɱǿߣͻջǸľˡȻ޷ʵȴͬо޴κôȻŹ
һ溣ǿڱ֮ǰҽеƤŵ㾹ȻɱҼԲŹģ
һЦ⡣
սһ죬˹׶ǵļҹǿ߲űȫߡ
Ҿǣ̲
˹ʹ֮ڣ֮ϣۣˡ
֮£Ű溣ǿߣÿһ溣ǿ߶˹ĸ߲㣬λڰƤС
ãǴʱȥǣ
һͲΪ壡
Ӣ

Щ溣ǿһ˷֮ɫ׷׹ά
һ̲˹ͻøǿΪ߲İ˴溣ǿͬҲþ޴ĺô
ŵ˹üͷ΢΢һ壬֮ɫ£Ǳô죿
ӵһǿߣ޹ĵһǿ壬°Եޱȡ
Ըʿ໥̲һʿ໥̲Ǿͻ档
һЦùǣʱнˣһ£壬֪жǿĴҪɵkǡԲ׶
ӰƤ˽⵽ٹ޹鱨°Եޱȣ˲֪塣
ͱΧǿ˺Ƭ
Щ꽾ݣ˼ȡڲìأŸոһðͷͱԼ˸ɵǿ߶ȥݺݵһϺݺҧһڡ
кüֱ֯ϰƤУkһͬͼı塣ƤеСңȴǵ죬ҪһǺݵġ


947 ʿ
׶ϿգһֻӴޱȵĽӴԶ
˹
Ϯ˹ˣ

һֻӴĽӸոսӽ׶㱻һֻ޴ޱȵ۾Ǽ֮һ󾯱
һʱֱӴ򿪣Ǽжſ˷Դսһ
һҳǧ׵ĺɫսͳ˧ŶʮҴսɵ˼ʹϷ
Ǽల˹λǰҹкιɣ
һһͷɫͷͷֻ۾һо溣ǿߴӻʹ֮ڷɳ
˹ѾɱˣͶ˹򣬾ȥ
һâҫòޱȵŮ̧һźޱȵĴ֮߳Ǵ֮ű仯ΪƤе棬һĮĸŰ
ǡǧٱߡ֮£ʥʿǿ߶޷ı仯
ڲ֮λĺ嶼ֱ˸չĽõkʧһι֮УǴ
һĨ𺧣㾹Ȼɱ˱£ԲŹģ
Ǿȥ
Ŀ䣬ת壬·һȭ
һŷ·ԻһеǳŷһеŰѹȥ
Ŀɿڴû뵽һԲϾͶɱˡkֻ۾˲ſһޱȵĿռ䲨֯һ𣬴һ˿ռ壬γһޱȵĿռ䡣
ǾǰյĿռȿռ䣬κιһǹޱȵȿռ䶼ŪһĿռ֮ڣ޾ռ֮С
һŷ·Էһеǳһºǹȿռ֮ϣһ㽫ȿռ÷飬һ½һ溣ǿ˲ɣ촷ۡ
ǽͳ׼һĻг֮ɫǿ֮󣬱øӿֲˣ
ƤеΪʿǿʵͬʮǿ󣬿ǵkȴû涯ôͿֲ
һɵǣ
Ǵ֮վ𣬸·ļĻʹɭһЦ
ǣ£
˹ĽһѪڣֱǼĻʹȥ
¡¡
޴ıը֮ڶǼʹ֮е嶼ֱ顣
Щʹ֮ڵħǿһ֣ҲֱӺɱ
ӦͳΪȷ棬Ϊ˻ˣֱӳǰЩħǿͳͳɱֻһСèСǽǽ
һʱ䣬ǼĻʶͱ˹ѹǽǿ˹溣ǿͳ˧֮£һ·ѹżеĵֿ
ʹǰ
Ǽʹ֮ǰڴ֮ɫϣıܹЩñ
˹ıѾȥһ֡˹ı֮УȻвԴһЩʿǿ߶ĶԴֵĻǼöǺԴԼöԴıʱѾôС
Ǽʹ֮ǰһͭţ֮ͭ硣ʿǿҪͭŶʮѡ
濴ͭһۣ΢΢һЦָһţȻɳͭһˡ
һ֮ͭϣ֮ͭϵķһһͭҲܿɳһ󶴡
ֱ̤֮ͭڣ˼ı֮ڡ
ͥı⻹ǲԶˣ
ɨ˼ıһۣһĨʧ֮ɫ
ĿǰԴḻıǶͥı⣬Ǻ弸ʮı⣬ӵı
Ƕͥıȣ˹ıԵúһ㡣
ǡ衿
Ǽı֮ţȻ۾һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
Ǽ֮ڣһֱԼʮףɫճҺȪˮһ˿˿Ȫˮ֮лҲΪ֮˷Ķı衿
ǡ衿ǿ˵ֻһǿ塢ֱʿ˵ȴܹʿ꣬ӽ溣ܡʿʵ
ǡ衿ֻЧڹʱ㲻ʲôԴӵڶʿʳĽ֮ˡ衿֮ǡ衿ͳΪʿѰı
֮У֮λġ衿ѾһգֻмٴÿһΡ衿ֵǣ溣ǿΪ֮ƴ
ı֮оȻһȪˮġ衿Ǳ֮λʿ֪ʥʿҲ֣ɱ⡾衿
һȪˮġ衿ǧ溣ʿkļֵ֮󣬿ɼһߡ
һָӡҫ֮ڣγһ磬еһȫ
ɫĻҲȻɳΪҳϵΧεĻߡ
Ļ׾ʿǿҲܹɱ˹ǿûһǵkĶ֡еkػȻʮַġ
ȡһƿռһ֡衿ֱ֮ȥֱǡ衿Ȫˮ֮С
ǡ衿һ»һֲޱȵû֮ڣΪı
֮˷ǡ衿׳󣬽
ΧһööǺԴҲһת֮£ͷų˿ֲޱȵħûڡ
·һôĺڶԴǺԴ׷飬һҳ
һ溣عײϽԴһóת֮ڣֲޱȵħܹա
꣡
֮֮˷һ֮飬һµһöµ֮ˡ
һöµ֮˷·̺޾İޱȵӡҲ΢΢һֱɱ䣬һ溣ǿ߿Խʿ
ڽʿˣ
˫ۣҫɣ΢΢һ¶һ˿˷ܵЦ⡣
ĻֻۣҪڡ֦մ½֮пʮֱܹ꣬ӽʿǿߡ
ڹǡ衿һ̵ʮĿʱ䣬ͬʱǡ衿΢΢һ˿ʡ֮øǿ
ʿ֮Ҫصʿ磬ͱѹθԴС
˫֮һȼҰĵĻ棬΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һһС弶ƶװҪرС
ЩʿĲԴ棬弶ƶװҪȴǲֻͬҪûͲ൱һѷҲ൱һװȻԸһԽϡ
һС弶ƶװҪزڹǿ֮һ


948 ɱʹ
һ弶غܿĹ̻Ÿ߷ǣαװΪ˹˽Դϵ弶֮ڡ
弶زϵ·չǼڳһ޴ĵ³Уҿʼ޴ĵ±
弶رӵߣһúԴ֮󣬱㿪ʼѸٵһһ弶ս˱
ܿ죬˹ɱ˹̲Ϣһ޹֮д
һ쳬䣬쳣ĳͥԺ֮ڣһһͷףʳӣü֮һصӡء
һĨ˷ܵĹâ˹Ȼɱ̲˼kһ̽ջ񡣶ҵkǵ죬Ȼ̲Ȥ֪ʲôӦ
һɫɭֵĹ֮ڣһһͷϷףɢ޾ȻϢľɫŮ΢΢һЦȤ˹ȻĽ̫Ȥˣ
ϷɫŮҫŶ˵ĹâҰĲЦҪʼϯĴϴơҲǸϴƵĻ
ÿһ٣һ޴ϴƵĹ̡ǹ֮У߼ǿ߶䡣Ҳǿߺǿûᡣ
һʹϡƶɵɫ֮ڣһ߰ףӡͷ­ǿҲ¶һ˿˷ܵЦݣڿʼб仯ˣ˹ǸɵƯ
޹İӵ޹ΨһһʥʿĿֲǿػ
Щڽ֮󣬱㲻ܼ̲׳ֱӴʱ޹֮˾޴Ĳ
޹֮ڣһǿĴڶʼж޹ӿ
Ѿư޹ʵ̫ã֮λһܵĵӡڲҲѾʼ࣬ѾмûеһʿǿߣֻʿǿػЩӵнʿǱŸոյϾͻᱻʿɱ
Ҳڲϵ½ѹȥݺݵϣ˺Ƭ
֮һҳǧ׵ɫսһɫ⣬˹ʹϷ
һҳǧ׵Ĵɫսвһ£һսս
޹֮ڣһ£ǿ˱ᡣ
˹֮ڣһӿ˹վУ֮𣬻ӭĵ
仯ɵ˹˹Ǵǻʹ֮ս·
һâҫһ𷢱ۣŽɫ̷ĸߴòһʮǿ߹֮»֡
һһɨһۣŸ߸ϵһЦ˹ΤôӣȻΥļҹ£ܳͷ
һǿǰһӡļ棬Ц

˹ǿһһӡļʱɫ䣬ſ־֮ɫʧе
忪һִ̾ߡһڣʿǿҲᱻӡͬʱҹܵĥʹס
ץһʿǿֱӽһʿǿ߷סĥһʿǿʮʮҹʿǿ߲ʹ
ŵ˹ɫ԰ףž֮ɫޱȵΤˣⶼᡣ飬˹ԲĶ顣
ΤһЦĶ棬֮ɫ߸ϵв˹㻹ܷѵҪ岻ɣ
ΤһҫʿǿߣϲľЩʵԶԶ֮ϵǿ߹ڵϣĥʹధҾ׵ӡ
ǿҲЦĶ档
һǿһЦֱӽȥ
кâһţһȭǿϣһ㽫ǿߺ÷顣
ǿ϶˾֮ɫ·𿴵ʲô˼顣
Τ΢΢һ㶣˫֮б㸡ֳ֮ɫͬһһ㾹Ȼɱˣ㾹Ȼɱˣˣˣ˹㾹ȻɱˣҪһͳͳҪ
ɱǣ
ǿһǳɱ񣬶ʱһһθоΣգΨ²ҵķӣҪǶ֡

ŵ˹еһֵȰ£ɱЩˡôǺȫ˺ƤҲûл͵ˡ
˹ǿҲĿ⼯ϣ޹İǿߣkս˺Ƭ屻塣
޹֮պգһаԵһȷʵӵкаԵĿֲʵ
Τҵĸ֮еϹҪǸҶһëҸһὫ˹Ȯ
һ˹ǿɫ䣬ӿ־塣
ʿǿߣڻ˴Դ֧֣ÿһʿ۷弶ĿֲǿߣʵԶԶڼ˹ʿڵĴڡͬʱλȨء
ΤԼ֮󣬶ʱ˹ǿɫ䡣
廹޹طɱϹĺӣֻ޹û֮ء
ϻ࣬ȥ
һЦһȭһɿֲޱȵ˲佫Τһ֡ǿֲѹ֮£Τһֱӻ촷ۣͳͳʧ
ˣˣ군ˣ
ŵ˹Τǿ߱һɱʱɫҰף૵
ɱǣԲܹһ
֮еɫսһۣغ
һâ˹Ľ׷ɫսȥ
ɱɱɱɱǣһ
ŵ˹˫۳죬·һͷƵ֮еһ㣬Ҳɫսȥ
ɫս֮ǿҲһҫʿǿߣ˹ǿΧɱ֮£ܿͱɱ¾һա
һĻ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȡһصͨѶﵭҴӦǵ飬Ѿˡ
һԵܺãƤУܲΪǵһˡ
һĨɣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȤܹƷ𣿡


949 
޹ԶһŲ۵ķ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһ³ǷϷ
ӡ˫֮и֣ǷΧȥѰǷΧŵ塣
Ƿ˵ֻܲ˻͸磬˭ɳ롣
һƽһһͷһһͷϷͷϳһֻǣòΪ΢Ц
Ϸ΢΢һЦҾǷ˵ܸܹǣΪ֮еһԱ˹
濴ǰһۣ΢΢һݣǿһӵʿ۷Ŀֲʵ޽ӽʥǿߣ
ǰһʿ۷弶ĿֲڣkʵѹʥҲֻȱһ˿ԡ
һ˿ԵĲ࣬ǰһʥǿߵĶ֡
ʿ۷弶ǿ߱۷֮һ޷һ˿ԣΪʥ
ƽã˹
Ц˵ܲʵֻͷһݵ㡣ûκǿĽ磬˭ɽȻҲҵʲôõĶ
Щ뷴˵ǿÿһǿֲޱȵĴڣkȻԸյء
Ƿ˵ܲȻǿĽ磬Щ뷴˵ǿ߷С
ܺʵƣ

һ㣬һɫĹâû֮УһƬһһ˿˿ޱȵĺڰ¶һ޴ĶѨ
ڰ֮£Ǿ޴ĶѨһ·˰һ޴Ĺ֮ڡ
Ǿ޴Ĺڷһž޴ޱȵӣΧʮһʿǿߡ
һ̤빬֮ڣʮһʿǿĿֱϣϸĴ
һʮһʿǿ΢΢һݣʮһʿǿߣ治С治Ǳʿܼ߰ǿ棡
ʿ֮УѾֵʿֻٶǿһ֮ʮǿߡ
޹ıԵܹʮʿǿߣǹĵ֮ɼһߡ
΢΢һЦĽܵλһλ˹ӽΪǵһԱ
˹ǸֻǺڵļһ˵壡мֱ£
һף׷ֻһֻ۾ĶħĶħһЦһʿڵĿֲһ±һȭѹȥ
Ƕħһȭ޾ħڣݻгһħֵ磬̺壬ѹ
飡
Ŀ䣬ת壬һȭһǳȻ̺ͣͬſֲǶħħ֮ϡ
ɿֲ׵˲䱬ޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
ħ硢ֲǳһ˲ķѣɢ
ɫ΢΢һס
Ƕħ΢΢һΣһ˿Ѫӵk֮
˹˾޴ȻȶħҪǿ
˹ԭֻóӪû뵽Ȼ壬ôǿ

ЩʿǿĿһȻЩȣȴûлɡ
໥ɣѣͬҲϵĻԵ֮еĵرʱ֮ڳ֡ϡ档
ħһĨ˷֮ɫ˹ǿʸΪǵһԱ
һĨâ΢΢һЦҲǿ
ղһȭѾʮǶħѷһ֡ǲɰ塢㲻塢Ļ׵ȵƣƽһսҲ뼤Сʱпܽħܡ
΢΢һЦ˹Ϊһ¡⼸λֱǶħЫû׷ڵƹʯͷ
ЫһЫβüһöЫӡĿӡ
һһͷɫ̷ޱӡ
ûһòԸУһ£ʱ̶ЦľɫŮ
һݿ£·һľһ㣬һηӡ
׷ǻһ쫷֮У·ûкһĹڡ
һһͷɫò׵ӡ
ڵһϵ˵У·ɺɫγɵĳ
ƹһ˫ۣһɫ۵Ŀӡ
ʯһͷ׵ˣֻһȫʯͷɣɢſֲΣյϢ
ͷһԸоףɢһʵľɫŮ
ʮһʿǿ߼桢γһֲޱȵˡһɿֲڲ֮λûз仯֮ǰԽֱӸɷ
ͷͬɽŮһһ㽫ټ⣬ʲô£ҵʱǺܱġ˵ϻǾҪһ鲻𼶵Դ´ξͲҪٽˡ
ʵǿҲ˵kЩʿͬһ󾳽磬ʿǿȻҲܶԵkƴӡ
ЦҽλټȻΪ˶Ը壡
Ы۾һʵôԸǸϲĶ޹ǣǸõkһ취ûУ
ڳǿȻÿһ죬޹ưһİ治Ӿڵ޹ǣǸǰװûһ˿ʤĿܡ
˹֮ǰɵϹĶӣ
һһĿⶼϣ𾪡
Ϲ֮һʵֲޱȡΪֲڳʮһʿǿһǵĻɫȴҲû˸ҸɵϹĶӡǼֱǲݵĳޡ
ϹΪԼĶӣԻᷢ񣬾ɱһ壬kҲó
ʮֵ˹ˣҲаۡҪռԴ˳㽫췭ظܹˮ㣬Ū޴Դ͸֪ʶԼʵ
΢ЦϹĻѾ׼˹
ǼԵֻ
һĨâҴһؼ鱨һĴֻն֮׼Щһ򾡣
ʲô
ȻýƻֶΣ

ʮһʿǿŴԣж΢΢һҡǵkΧʱһʥʿһɱkǾԻʧأ֪м䡣


950 
֮ɫֻҪʱ򣬼һٹ޹ǣܹ޹вƸʱǶлΪʥǿߡ
ϹĻԼ뿪޹ǻءڣţԼ޹ǵԴܽ磬Ҫǿ޹ֻḶʹĴۡ
޹徭Ӫʮϳ鲼أַ硣ԴܽǿһԴܽ硣
֮£Դܽشһʥʿǿߡ
治ڣҪ޹Ҳûô򵥡ڳʮʿǿطΧԾһ޹ǣʮʿǿԼΪУʮʿǿ߶п䡣
΢ЦаӡԴܽ罻
ƹһĨ˷֮ɫãûԴܽ磬һˣ
ͷĿ΢΢һһ˹ֻ»ᱻֱӴݻ٣
һĿ⼯ϡ
ǰհļƻ£˹Իᱻݻ٣Ȯ
浭û⣬Ͱļƻȥ
˹ֻеһߣǴӰƤжĻҵ˹֮еıѾգ˹ݻ٣Ҳգһۡ
Щʿǿǿ棬һ¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫһԼҵ׼ȷжϵʿһݽɫ
̲֮˹Ʋ˹˶סڹ̶֮ϣ޷Ǩơһֻ·һ
αװ˹Ȼ˹ϵķ´˹ĺľж΢΢һݡ
޹ʿǿ߶帩ʵʵΪkǼҴҵ󣬸ԼĻҵΪСkǵĻҵͻᱻֱӴݻ٣ɢޡ
Ƿϸһϵеϸڡ
֮У˭Ҳûעһ˿˿ͬҳһ׻ƮһʮֹķʽճЩǿߵĽ¡
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΢΢һͷһȴûзǸ
΢΢һһʧ˿⣡
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ϹЦЩ޹ǵʱ֣kһ򾡣һֿԳưƬʮꡣֻҪİ£֣תΪˣΪĵ
΢΢һЦǾͶлˣϹ
ϹһĨâҧ˹ǸﾹȻҵϣɱҵĶӣһһҪ˹ȫ𣬼Ȯ
޹֮каԵɳһʹߣʿǿҲҪ
Ϲ֮һλȨءĶӾȻͬһȻõkŭɱĴ
΢΢һЦϹģһڽ޹ǵʱ˹ܣá
ϹһЦãֻҪܽңҾ͸鲻Դ
л£
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һâҫϹӰħ֮ʧ
Ǹ߰壡ʹһǺǿ߾ʹһתΪ壿ֻؼʱ򣬾ͻֽҸɵҵһɵøɸɾ
Ϲʧ֮󣬰һЦеı΢ȫȥ
Ȼ޹İڲĶǣ֪Ū˶ڵšʵ͵ҲһһֻΨһһʥʿǿػܹǡ
ԼڵŶݲ£ԼᱻתΪһ壬ԳΪ֮һĿǵkᱻֱӸɵеһжᱻͳͳ̵
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Ŀ΢΢ҫ΢΢һȡһӣѾ׼ˡǱû⣿
һͳ𣺡ƻʮ˳
¶һ˿Ц⣺Ǿͺã
֮󣬴޹֮ϣɳֻӴޱȵĽӣ˹ķȥ
ϹĻˣ
һ˹군ˣ
ȻҶ壬˹ļһ޴
ϧһ˹ŭϹû˹ūˣ
ǿϧϹҪ˹ͳͳɱûūʹˣ

޹֮ڣһ۷׷ףֹۡ
ϹĻǿ߶ʿ۷Ĵڣټϵkµֱָʥǿ߶δһֻӴŵĶ֣ѹһȥȥʿڵ˹
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׼ȷҶ˺üŰ໥ӡ֤õ鱨
ţЩѾ䣬ǰİҲλѾȷϹĻĳˣ
ٵȵȣֻҪk뿪ٳ֡

޹֮ڣһϹĻǿǶʩչĶŵkǵĽӡ
ϹĻ󽢶뿪֮Ƿ˵ǿһϹĻ뿪޹ǣһ뿪ЩҲûκλṥ޹֮ڡ

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ô£
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һ𺧵鱨ȻǷ˵ǿǶʱɫ䣬޲ߣ֪Ǻá
û뿪޹ǣô㷴˵ʵǿ޹Ҳֻ·һ
ô£ôû뿪޹ǣ
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޹סʥ֮ǰһ溣ǿߴߵʥ֮ǰʥһۣһĨ֮ɫ


951 
ˣʲô£
ʥ鹬֮ǰҫʿǿΪػһǰѯʵ
ҫʿǿ֮Ҳħǿߣֻʥʿǿ߲ܹǿߵԼŵ
ҪҪ棬ͨһ
ڲһŷk˵˭Ҳˣذɣ
Ȼˣȥ
һĨȻһָĵɫĹâһҫʿϣֲޱȵ˲佫Ƭ
һɱ֮󣬺ɭһЦĬģΧһָ
һȦȦ˷
𣿡
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Щϣ

ǿǲϱҪϯĿֲ档
ʥ鹬֮ǰһ⾶ֱʥ鹬ڲȥһ·֮ϣЩ·ͳͳɱ
ΪʲôҪһ壡
溣ĿֲϢһ溣ǿߴһ֣ס˺һһͷɫʳ΢΢һ̾
˫֮Թ֮ɫһЦٺ٣ҵȫӹҵĸסҸ츳ھȫ壬ϣΪʿǿߡϹ壬ҸױնɱĸסСöΪЩȨĵͼҵͷģ㲻ϧһдۣҪЩһȥͬھҲϧҸ壬ҽˣ
溣ǿ˺Ļֻüͷһ塣ϲ֮ж಻ʤҲֲˡ
һ𷢱ۣòǿü֮һĨһЦԭǵʣ֣ϧӹһ٣ĸ׺Ҳȷʵͷĸ죬Ҿͷϵ˫֡˫Ŵϣ͸Щ¼ū
ûȥ
һһͷ췢溣ǿһŭһն̺һ˿һ˲նǽ𷢱۵ǿϡ
ȨҲˣ
һ𷢱۵ǿһ˲䱻һΪ޾ľ֮ɫĴһǻѹ֮£һĻɻҡ
΢΢һΣһʥ鹬ڲȥ
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췢溣ǿһն̺ſֲޱȵĻӲĽɫ溣ǿ߱ˡ
溣ǿüͷ΢΢һȨ㲻ҵĶ֡
ȨʤҫҲĶ֣סһʱѾ㹻
ʤҫΪʲôҪһ壿
Ȩ䵭Ҳһǿеʣ֣
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ʤҫкâһҫ⣬һŹȨֱȥ
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ʮ֮󣬺ʥ鹬ڣһƽ֮ǰ
һƽչĵطǻƽ֮ſſֲķ磬ʿǿ߶ȥǻƽԴܽ磬ǻƽĴš
һӣһźڲзɳһ°ǻƽ֮ϡӡǺڲ֮ûǻƽ֮ڡ
ǻƽһһǻƽĴ֮ϡ
һƣֱӽǻƽĴƿ
ǻƽĴһƿ¶һյĿռ䣬ǿռ֮Уһˣֻһ˿Ϣд档
ڣ
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ʥ֮ڣǱİӶʩչߣһĻʱ˷ޱȡ
һϢֱӷ˸졣
ͷһĨ˷ܵȷʵ뿪ЩֻǼ󣡡
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һֻֻ޹Χĸһ֣һ޹ʥ鹬ķȥ
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ȻⳡԤıң

ʮʿγɵĿֲһ·ѹһһĵֿ
дͳԼֱʥ鹬ǰʥ鹬Ĳдϵʮ⡣
ǿʥ鹬֮ǰսֲޱȵʥ鹬ɡ
ˣֻҪܣʤǵˣ
ЫֱһŶҺ͵Ϯһ溣ǿߵϣ溣ǿ߸ʴһ̯ŧҺ˷ܿЦ
ɱǣɱǣ֮ڣǾͿ޹֮УΪΪ
ʯһŭһ³һ溣ǿǰһ£ſֲ׵壬һ溣ǿߺƬ
ʮʿǿԼkǵĲ·Χ֮£ԼkĲ¶Ѿ᧿ΣʱбƵΣա
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һޱȵĹʵֱӺȥ
ɫ䣬һ¸ֳԴܻ֣һ޶Ȼڵkǰ
һޱȵĹһºһ޶֮ϣǾ޶ֱӺ飬ͬѹһ㽫ԴֱܻӺ飬սȫɡ
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鱨󣡡

·߿ǶƲ֮е棬һɫ䣬ž֮ɫ
ô䣬ֻҪ޹֮У;Բʧܡ
Ʋ֮У·ǣһĨϷ֮ɫɭޱȵɱǣֿ԰ꡣ
Щ߶֮еʿǿߣkȫ䡣һʿǿֻҪܹɳ
Ȼ֮䣬֮䣬΢΢һһħ֮Ȼ
Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬һ
һɫļʸ֮ͬһֱȥ
΢΢һΣٻһ˲һץһץסǺɫļʸ
ǺɫʸļͷһʮֹĴؿڡ


952 ذĿֲ
һŤһͷϳһֻħǣӡòޱȵİʥǿߴ̤֮
һһͷͬޱȵʥǿҲ̤֮
һ·Уһɫеħʥǿֳһźɫĳ̤
һͷߴףӡһǧֻ۾ǧ֣ɢŰʥֲϢİʥǧħҲ֮
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һʥʿĿֲǿߣڵkȫʢ֮ʱĴʥǿ֣ҲǵkĶֻ֡ǵk涾ʥǿ߲Ż֣ԵkΧɱ
ɭһЦ¶ˣѾԵˣϹ
ǧħȵϹϻʲôһϣɱϹǸkʱָȫ֮أ
֣ɱ˵k
ʥǿ߶ʱһʩչԼǿı·湥ȥ
һϣɱ棡ǸkǶ֮أ
һŭһ̺ŻĺɫȻӵkȥ
ЩʿǿҲ׷׳֣ȥ
ͷǿ߶Լо鲻ԣȷʵǻɱʱܹɵеһжֵá
ĴʥֲǿߡʮһʿеľӢǿΧ棬ֲֿĹ޹պñ
˭ҲûעһޱȵӰս֮ʧϢʥ鹬ķȥ
һӰͬһ㣬һƻĽڵ֮зɳ֮һǱʥ鹬סĻƽ𹬵һ֮ǰһǺ֮ڡ
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һӰһĺײǺһָһĺɫâҫںײ
ǺһһޱȵȻһ䣬¶һͭš
һƬɫĲӰзɳһ֮ͭϣ֮ͭϵķһһ
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һӰһͭŵһߣֳΣǰ
֮ͭڣ鲼ĵرֳԴǺԴѻɽǲ𼶵ԴҲǧö֮࣬һˮ֮ڣɢޱȵĹâ
ǲ𼶵Դκһöųȥʿǿ᲻ݣսⱦ֮ȴǧö֮࣬޹һǿĵ̡
治̫ĲԴǲԴ֮ࡣ
Ǳ֮ڣԴ֮⣬иָĵرһЩĵرǶʥʿӵо޴ĺô
µĻۣЩҲڿԳʥˣ
һһһͷɫüһӡòףʳһ˽ӾԭӦָս֮һ
΢΢һЦôҲ벻kεȻᱳ
һЦϹȻػȴҲһ谭ʮ꣬һһٶʮӵгǱӣkøֶŪˡԴ͵̣ôһʥǿ߶ûУ
ػΨһһʥʿǿߡǵkͬӵ˽ģԲܹвkĵλŻһʥǿ߶ûС
ÿһ໥ɵʱĴڣΪսҵʱЩ½ǿ߲пܵϸλΪߡ
˴ʿʳʱÿһʱֻӵһʿʵۼǿߣҲͬĵ
ȻתλѣѾõˣɣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬תһһ˿˿ڰͬһһźϯȥ
һָֻ֮΢΢һ㣬һССĺڶֱ֣ӽڰȫɡ
Χռһ΢΢Ť֮л
Ŀ΢΢һ˹㣡˲СȻҸ󡣡
ɨһ۱⣬һĨâ΢΢һЦⱦƽΣ
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ȻһЦһӡ֮ӡƾһΣֱȥ
ƾÿһӵʿڵĿֲսȫɶƹɡǰʥǿ߱ǶմȾҲᱻȾʴӡ
кâһһ¸ֳӡڰӡ˲ۣγһǧֻϸС۾ɵĹ顣
һɺڰγɵĺڰ֮ǹ֮
һڰ֮֮Ť˻а񡢹ĿֲϢ
ʿ۷ĿֲǿߣֻһܹʥĿֲڡkǶ֣ɱһʿڵǿ߼ֱ
Ҫɱ𣿼Ȼˣô⣬ҾͶ̺ˣ
һĨâ֮ĳȡھŸСת㲻壬һȭ
ɰݻгһɺ¡ݻгһǳռݻγһȲĹš
¡ǳ̺ſֲޱȵֱ֮ѹȥ
ƾ˱ǳһ飬һֱǹĿռ˺ѣһֱǺɡ
ذγɵĿֲһ˲㽫Сһ±Դܻ֣Ȼһ˲仯촷ۡ

һҽ֮Уֱӻɻңֱ䡣
ǿֲذݻ֮󣬼Űѹȥ
ҧһھѪȼԴһɢһ˿Ϣĺɫ޶Ȼ֡
Ǻɫ޶֮Ϲâҫһͷžͷ­ԶȻ֡һͷԷƵԶһļ׿һµذгɵ֮ǰ
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һ춯صľ֮УһͷԶֱӱذɵĺ¡ǳҲͬ
ֲĳ˷ɢȥ
Ķ棬ſ־֮ɫʧе˭Բ˹˹öҲһɰ壬Ὣְںϣ
֮У󲿷ֵĹＶҲֻһְ塣ְǿߡҪְںͬһʱͷţֻԼһЩʮϡٵǿܹ쵽
ʿʵۼǿ߶ֵʱҲֻʹһְ塣ΪkʹһְѾѹЩںϵǿߡ


953 ϴٱ
浭һЦ˿¶һ˿Ҿ˹ֻǽҽһַˡ
ңֻҪӡҾ㲻
ΪĿһۣһЦ˹㲻ǺڵǿߣذںϡҲһ޴ĸҲӦ޷ʹõڶΣҲøҷϻֱӶ־ͿԸɵң
浭ûذںϣȷʵҸС
ں㲻ǿĵطÿһְںϣԼμͬʱĸҲԼμ
Ҳǽʿܹ֮ǿذںϣͬһ֮Ҳֻһ֮ҪڶͻڵСȡ˺
ĿһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ֮еıƽΣ
ҵѡֻһǾǶ̣
΢΢һЦһ¸ֳһУعҫȻɳͬˮһŰֱȥ
ЩعҫսһɳֱСʮսȴ˿ûм֣γ˿ֲޱȵĻеǰȥ
溣ع׸ߣһ
һܼҫʿعҫ׷ױʿĿֲսŰȥ
𣡡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֻһţڰ屬޾ĺڰ˲佫ǧعҫֱɡ
һɲǣһֲޱȵǺڰ֮б޾ĺڰֱӺ顣
ȻʿĿֲǿߣҪһɱǧսʿعҫսͬܡ
ڰ֮
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һָһڰʸȻһ¹ᴩعҫս˵ķ֣һܼعҫսֱʴһѹĺɫҺ壬¡
ʮعҫսڰһ֮±ȫݻ٣дعҫսһ³ڰߣĹŰ
ǰתڰ壬һ»һɫĹâعҫս֮вϴ
ǰĺɫâ֮عҫս˱ֱӸ࣬һѹĺɫҺ¡
浭ǰ
ûʿǿǣƣǰȫһܼܵĴݻЩʿعҫսˡ
ϧңעҪ
Ŀ䣬ĻȻ֣Ļ֮һ֣׵Ļ֮һ˰
ĺɫâ΢΢һֳΡ
һ˲䣬ǧعҫս˵Ĺһº˰ϡ
ǧعҫսһһº˰ϵĲԴܻ֣ǰ֮ϿһֲĴ󶴡
ǧعҫսҲûлȫһ˰ϣkֱӺ顣
ǰشȻû䣬˳ըѣһɫĹâ˷ȥ
Ļһ¸ֳһޱȵ۾һޱȵ۾һתһĻòֱ
һɫĹâĻòһʮֹһˣޱȵһγ˰塣
һعҫڷĹ˲Ϣ֮ǰı֮һ˲㽫ǰƬһͳͳ
ɵǰ֮һʿعҫս΢΢һһ½Ϊһ溣عס
عҫսγɵĻеһֻԽսԽǿϽĿֲеšعҫս˿ԶҲԽս޶̰壬ûκ㡣
ʥʿı⣬ҵˣ
濴ǼһСı⣬˷֮ɫͬһͷ׸һĽǸ֮еĸֱͳͳԼھŸС֮ڡ
ʥ֮ʯǿѩżٽı
Ǻħ˴˽ޣʽ˼ıӢټʹͿԽ˼ϵȵʡ
ħԪʯֱҵԨ׻ø죬пܳʥ֮

濴ı⣬ۻң˷ܡ
ı֮ڣ˸ĵرϡޱȵĿ
һΪ1µȵķֻҪı֮еԴ֧֮£пܽΪʿĿֲǿߡ
ı֮ӵеĵرԼ¿ʹõı
ǺﾹȻпǺ𣡣
Ȼ۾һһ󼱴٣һ汦֮еĶһȭͷСɢҫ۹âĿʯ
һĨ֮ɫ˷ޱȣһǺ𣬻֮һĿǺͿҵƼ
һâҫԥĽ汦֮ڵбͳͳѹһա
ʲô
ߵľͷͿһ߲ʹУɢ財صĹâ
ɷİ
΢΢һʩչطħͫ˫֮иֳӡ߲ʹȥ߲ʹȻһ䣬ɷɵ߲֮߳ʹ֮ڣء財
һĨϧ֮ɫ߲ʹ֪ʲô̺ɵİܹ߲򣬶ȻԻþ޴ĺôҵɷҲо޴ͻƣ
ɷʿ֮вǿķȴΪ졢Σյķ
ǿ߶ӵлͶӰȸָıֶΡһЩͨǿȫԻǧڲͬλ֣ɱ
ɷȴͨͶӰ׷˺һּΪֲķ
ӵĹＶǿ߶ûɷİɷ֮ѣ֪
߲ʹѾȫΪһ壬һ뿪ͻֱӱ飬һѻҳ
ҪҪ
һĨɣջָ˼ᶨĵرǻҪһ԰˲ɷı̫Сҽʵ㹻֮򡣡
ӹ߲ʹķ֮΢΢һΣֱӻһȥ
뿪Ǳͬʱ沿ȻһŤһޱȵϢ֡һ±仯Ϊ
һ뿪ʥ鹬㿴֮Уǰʥǧħһޱȵɫâ֣һıҽУɻҡ
ϢͷһöɫС飬Ѫ뷢԰ףɢһĲϢȴѾ䵽ʿ֮
֮УǾ޴Ŀռѷ죬ȻЩǿƴµĺۼ
ǧħɱ֮֮Уֻʣ޾׵ľͷ
棬ȥ
Ƕһ첲ľͷ֮һĨ֮ɫһŭХֳһ컭ꪣݺݴȥ


954 ɱʥ
һĨŭһ»һ⣬ʥ鹬ķȥ
жȻ󱻶УٱĴʥԼʮһʿǿƴΧܹսڣѾΪ죬Ҳûѹͷ
ʵֻҪһָʱ䣬ȫٴѹͷ
һſֲȻ߸֣Χռÿʱÿ̶ѸٵĻָ
룡
ͷ֮һĨâһ¸ֳһֲ۾ͷ­һ۾ͷ­ſһ磬ɵַԲ
˲ֹͣöԴʥ鹬ȥ
սʮַḻһ۾Ϳǻɵ˾綾ֲȫ߾ľ綾ǵkոйһ涾ʽ͵һΪ˵ĵزȻǻɫĶڡ

ͷһĨâһȣת壬һ
һ컭һ»һֲ׵Ĺâһֲ׵֮ϣֱӺȥ
֮ȻֳһԴܽ硣
һ컭һ´Դ֮ܽϣֲ˲䱬һžŸͷ­ĹӰȻ֣ſһҧ˲佫Դܽһҧ顣
ǿֲķ컭˳һ´ڣ˲䱬Ѫء
ͨʿ̺ķ컭һ̣ԻᱻǿֲƬȴֻһѪĿֲɼһߡ
󲿷ֵĴڣһΪʥʿkǱӵпֲޱȣӵµĲ֮ҪɱkǣҲΪѡ
ͨʥʿӵ֮ͨʥǿӵи߼֮ʿʵۼǿӵ֮ӵе֮
һָһҫkѪһ»ӡǷ컭֮ϣγһӡӡӲĽǷ컭ѹӡ
Ƿ컭ΪǺꪡǾͷķԴԼǧ꣬ǿֲ߳ŴɵıʧȥǡǺꪡͷսҲ½ɡ
棬
滯˺ۣʿڵĿֲϢڵķȥ
ͷһ棬ʱɫһ䣬֮һĨ֮ɫɶ񣬹һ񣡣
һʿ۷ĿֲǿߣΪ֮һϲ֪ӵжٱս֮ʵ˥Ҫסͷȴ˿ûκ⡣
ʥʿĿֲָֻҪkʮӵĻָʱ䡣ͷӾֻ·һ
סʮӣΪȡʮӵʱ䣡
ǣ棡
滯һ³ߣ׵ֳ֡߱ذסֱӴȥ
ʱѾ;ƿݣΧֻſһԴܽ磬ǡ߱ذסһ¹ᴩǸԴ֮ܽϣӡ˲ӲĽӡ
һ˲˹ָȵ㣬㱳ңΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪһ壡
滯Ŀ䣬絶棬ѾʺϳΪػˡΪԼĵλȻڲϵĶɱšư޹ȴֻǺǿߣһ벽𼶵ǿ߶ûе֮лΪδȥ
ͷһͣԶע߷һС
Թ֮ɫһŻҪɱң˵ףΪϵıûңҲܳư޹ҡ飬ҿԵûзһΪ𼶵ǿߣ
Ȼ棬ҪһҪĿǺ֪ʲôطӵֱ
Ŀ˸һǺ𣿴ֱֻ֪ڴʲôطӵֱŹҡһȥǸѰֱ
棬Ƿ㣬ָ֮֮ص˾ˡԣ棬ȥ
һЦָһţȻɳȥ
ʥʿĿֲǿߣڵkϲ֪ӵжٱ˲ֱ֪ط
һһɣֻ·һ
飬㣡ú޷𼶣

һĲҽԼŭĺдǱֵ֮д
ڼһСʱ֮űЩȫɣγһƽɫľ塣
һоһӴ׵ϣǿطڣԻᱻ֪ų⡣
ʵѾʼںϣ֮طѾѷ죬ЩѷСĴڴԽ棬ͬҲ־໥͸
ǹǿʿڵ֮޼ɵɱӣһ壬ΪոľˣΪԼǿһ
Щǿûɱһʿǿߣʿͻᱻһ˿ǻǿһ˿
Ϊˣǿ߲Ż᲻ϧһд۵ɱ¾һǻ飬ǿ棬ĵ̡֮սŻԵ˲пᡣ
һʥʿļֵһͨ˵ļֵҪ޴ɵ棬õĹѫ֮ǰµйѫҪ޴öࡣ
΢΢һת㷨Լողһ˿ɷһ˿˿ɫ͸ķ֮һ²ϣһϢͳͳӡ
һǲ֮λ幦ѫҪӦϢҲʮѡɲ뽫ԼɱһʥʿǿߵϢ¶
Ͼÿһʥʿǿ߶֮еĴκһʥʿǿ䶼䶯ע
һӣǡǺꪡֱžͷȥġǺꪡôͷûȤ壡һͬư޹򣿡
ûȤ
ͷɨһۣһ䣬һֱʧƬǿ֮С
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ˣǲ֪廹ܹư޹ã
Ŀռ䴢ﱦϣıܹһЩϲ
һһöɫıУһöɫıΪʥ顿൱ʿֲڵС硣ֻŵǿ߲ܹ۳һöʥ顿
ǡʥ顿֮һɨӦǡʥ顿֮ڣһֱߴʮӵиǻ飬鲼ǳɽС硣
һС֮һ֮У鲼챦


955 
ȻһĨϲ֮ɫǰ͹ʯĵرۼرҪϣҲǽ׵ҪϣʥʿϹǷ񣡣
֮յս֮һҲһַǿսˣս֮вϵĽ֮зһսˡ
ǽÿһԳܵĴ֮󣬾ͻϺԴԶԼķȼķһ֮һȼߵĽԷʿʵۼս˵ȫ
͹ʯֱҲǿľɱ棬Ҳûеطֱ
ǡ֮Ȫ۲ʵġ֮Ȫ
Ŀǡʥ顿֮һɨ۾һĿεһֱԼףңɢŽɫâȪˮ֮ϣг˷֮ɫ
֮Ȫÿһʥʿǿ߶ᶯĵرƵı
ͨʥʿ˵ؼľҪkǵ֮ͨ߼֮һkǵҲɱһٽΪʥǿߡ
ʥǿͬҲҪԼĸ߼֮Ĳ֮취ԼٴյİܹΪʿʵۼĿֲǿߡ
һ֮Ȫķĵر˼ʮʱƶɵıһʿ۷ǿ߽һ֮ȪȫգԿԽʥǿߡ
濴ǡ֮Ȫ֮ɫһ֮Ȫҽʿ۷ѹһҪʥ߳ʥʿҪѰı
ǺóʯԴĻϡʯʯͷ֮Ļ׵ʵܹһء
ʥʹ֮ԴԴʹһսΪıǺñѩſٴδʵˡ

Ŀ֮еıһɨЩÿһΪȫ溣ǿܹõϵıǲ𼶵ԴǸߴһǧöԶԶԽı⡣
濴֮еĵرгãÿһʥʿһ޴ıأȻǰܹɵkǡ
桢󱦿֮еĵرֵˣûеۼرʥر⣬ıֻ±Ȳ֮λ½ı⻹Ҫмֵ
Լı֮лܵıȫʮʿǿߣһʥʿĵ̡
ȻȻҪЩԴԼʹãóµʿǿߡ
һĨ֮ɫҪľϹĻֻҪɵkǣҾܹư޹򣡡
ϹĻǿ֮һֻҪkǸɵôͻƿ֮С
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ԴôԽһƻˣ
Ǹ̳ĶѨ֮ڣһӰ֣档
洩Խ磬Ǽ̳֮ǰһӣöԴһ·ɵǼ̳֮ϡ
һ㣬һɫĹâûǼ̳֮ڡ
Ǽ̳һ¸ֳӡһͨʿͨȻ֣øӹʵ
汾һ´Խ棬صʿ֮С
΢΢һⲿĻױһ͸Ĵ֣ǺóʯֱӾԼĺ֮ڣʼһöǺóʯ
һ˿˿׵ĻϢĻ֮õkøӵĹǿ
һصʿ磬ͽ׼õӴԴֱʼ޸ݡ
Ҫ޸ܹͨʿǿߵͨΪѡѹĲƸ֮һжü
ӵ͵Ļˣֹ̻˸ǲҪ޸ȱٵľԴԴ㣬޸Ȼʮɡ
״ˣٻʲô£
һĨ֮УѩЦĴһŰʿʹԼϣһ溣ʹ
ĴʹѾΪѩŵʱ̻ŵkͬʱʹŮʵϢӳ֮£kÿʱÿ̶ڲϵĽ
ϣҲѾ˰벽ʿ֮kȻǱܣȳΪĲ£ȴһֱĹΪЧȻҲע˴ԴڵkϣŽkΪһ벽ʿǿߡ
Ҹ㿴ϲϲ
΢΢һЦָһһŰƴСɢϢʥâѩŷȥ
ʥʹ֮Դ
һһʥĹâʱ΢΢һ䣬һĨĽ֮ɫ
ʹ˫Ҳһ˲䱬֮ɫ
ʥʹ֮ԴǿʹսԴıϣܹʥʹ֮Դȫڶʱ֮ͻƣΪʿĿֲڣһֱʿ۷嶼ƿ
ѩ֮һĨʣһץһ½ʥʹ֮ԴץУһ¡
µӡٴ֣ѩŵϣԵøӵءһɿֲһ´ѩ֮д
ԥóޱȵǺԴԴܣЩԴתΪޱȵħ͵ѩŵڡ
ѩŷΧħܣʵϵϢԽԽֲһֱʿ۷֮ͣЪ
лл״ˣ̫ˣ
ѩһ˫ۣ֮֮ɫһĨ磬һĻУһڣޱȵ
§ѩţɣĽǱʹŮʣ
һСʱʹʿһ·ʿ۷壬ֲĽٶȣҲֻʹŮʡѪѪ塢ƽʥĳܹ쵽
ȻЩǱǿޱȣȴҲױѪԴ
ѪѪڵʷ廹ҪԶö࣬ѪѪҲֻ˾ʥʿǿߡһʿʳʥʿǿ߾Զֹ
ǸǼ
ָһö̺ſֲڰӱֱӷϣŮС
ڰʥԴ飡лϣ
ϣǵĴʹһӹöӣʱһĨϲ֮ɫ
ǺڰʥԴȻԶԶȲʥʹ֮ԴȴҲǺڰϵõı֮һ
ϣѾǰ벽ʿǿߡkʹڰʥԴ飬ܹ׽溣ǿߡǵk溣ǿ֮ʹߺڰʥԴ飬ټʹŮѩŵk߳ɰսΪʿǿߡ
ʿʹʹǺڰʥԴ֮Ҳʿһٽʿڣʵһء
ɨһѾȫĻף΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڶ֣ʮɰˣ


956 Ļ
޹һֻӴޱȵ形ڷĿ޹ǡ
ôĹȻұ棬壬һҪkʬΣ
콢֮ڣϹһɳ֮ϣҧгݣɭޱȵɱ
ĻϹ棬һ̺ѪƣƷţһԲ
Ϲüͷ΢΢һĻѹǸɣ
ĻҪҰҲԣʥ鹬ҡʥ֮ص֮Ҳҡ
Ϲ־ŭɱ棬ѵͲΪ汨𣿡
ĻһĨĹâҵȻΪ汨𣬲Щ飬Ҿûȷһ±ȽϺá
һҲûػͬҲʧȥΨһͳߣҲʼķѡ
ϹĻǿ߶ΪͳߣƿС
Ϲѹסŭɣ˭ɱǹʥ鹬͹˭ʥ֮ص֮Ҳô
Ļһã
ػͳ弸ʮ֮꣬ӵ֧ߡҵkѹŵʮأϹĻǿ֮ԷkڵҲΪֲ
滯ɱ棬ѾǿߵŭֻҪɱ滯ĻϹþ޴
Ȼ֮䣬һɫĹâȻ˷֣γһڱһƬĿֲɫ磬һ񳲷·֮һ㣬һеĽ֮ǰ
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ĽһײǺɫ֮ϣ˾޴ıը֮Сսһ±ըǺɫĽ֮һ
ϹĻǿߵ콢ԼӷӦ죬ײǿֲɫ֮ǰͣ
ϹɫĴ䣬ʧе񳲣񳲣ôܣô񳲳֣ѵʮʥ֮еĴｵٴ˵ˣ
ĻҲ𺧣񳲣񳲣һλٴ˵أ
ʮʥӵеרսʮһ֮⣬û񳲵켼
֮УǶʮһʱʱóһЩȥҪܵһ񳲳ۡǶϵȴԲۣ񳲸ֻʥʿĴŻһ
ʿĹȷҲΪȷĴŸkһ񳲡
ǸӵгĹǿ߼ʻԿʥʿĿֲڡ
ϹĻһ񳲣ͱŵȶˡ
һʻ񳲵Ķʮһǿ֮еĴ֣ȫ׵Ľͳͳɵ
ϹһλΰĴڣ
â΢΢һϹĻս֮зɳǰ
ԭ֮оȻôߵ
֮ڣ濴ϹĻǿԼĽ֮зɳ񳲵Ҫһ֡
ҹлҪ˵
ϿʥƯĻףһ±ʥеĿֲͬɽһϹĻǿϯȥ
İʥȻܹһ벽𼶳ΪԼūͣ񳲵һһ𼶵Ĵ
ϹĻһӦǰϿʥеİʥֲɫһ䣬ȷ֮ڣһ𰵺ʥʿǿߡ
ϹĻһۣһҧֱӷ֮ڡ
֮ڣһͨ򿪡
ϹĻһͨһĹ֮ڡ
ǾĹ֮һˣ档߹վһˣǱĻʴİϿʥ
ǲ𼶵ǿߣĸĺӰɣ
Ϲһ棬΢΢һkȻ²⣬ȴԽϹˣ
ĻĻˣ
ܹʿ֮ӵһ񳲺һʥūͣǴʥǿߵĺпӵеĴĴڱһʥʿǿ߻ҪѲڵkǵĺվһʥϵǿߡ

ɨϹĻǿһۣ
һɫĹâ΢΢һӾͳϹ˵
ǣˣ
ϹĻ֮ϡ
ϹĻո֮ϣȻ֮䣬֮һµޱȵ̣һ´ߵڡ
ӡһûϹĻڣkǵֱӷӡ
Ϲ־ŭؽеˣǸʲô
ĻҲ־ŭ档
ǿ߶ʿ۷Ŀֲǿߣÿһ϶ӵ౦֣Կʥǿߡȴһʧȥеĵֿƿ֮С
温ϹˣһĨϷ֮ɫЦңҪΪЧңȥѡһɣ
ϹĻд󾪣ͬʱһĨ⡣ǼֱͶһͷ֮С
ĻʮֹϵĻԸΪЧ
ϹһЦһĨ⣬⹷ıĻҵΪЧֱ룡ϹԲΪ⹷ЧɱҰɣ
ĻҲ΢΢ЩĿϹһۡ
֮УϹҳϵ߹ϹеŲˡϲ֮һû뵽kʱ򣬾Ȼ˻
ϹĿĻһƽһһжΪ壡ԴѷֻмеԴ۷壬ϣӸĵȻΥĵ飬ɴûкڹ
һĨ֮ɫϹǸԣȥɣ
Ϲ£ȻſһѪڣһ½Ϲһ£ҧƬ
ɨĻһۣĻı𣿡
ĻԸΪЧ
ԽԽĻɲԸװ
䵭ſ꣬ӡ
ĻοЦһ´Լꡣ
ĬһָһöӡȻɳӡɳһ´Ļ֮ڣĻһӡ
ȥǽӵ˶Ҫϴȥkǵļ䣡飬Ҳϣڶ֪
Ļǣϣ
ϹһĻͳΪֻ֮еλߣʵǿ֮ˡkǿֶΣѹϹǷСģңֻεУȻֻӵǿ߶֮ڣ˼ϴķļȫϴҽСȵĴ۸ġ


957 
޹һı߲֮ǰ˫۹âֳӡĶ߲֮
߲֮棬֮ҫ̺ɷİ
ҲֻҪӵħͫһͫľǿ߻ʥʿǿ߲ܹ߲֮ŵİ
Ȼ֮䣬ϵһ龧ʯ΢΢һŽĿ߲֮ջء
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺߲ʹİ֮£ҵɷˣ
ɷȻǽ߱յ֮һȴҲһһһǿķһЩɵķɵֲޱȣǲɷԻԴ
ʲô£
ӦԼı仯һͨѶʯʲô£
ͨѶʯ֮дĻʯ塢Ǻˡk߲ƣûв´ĻkǵĿӦ޹ǡ
潫Ļձ֮󣬼޹ݣ´ĴѹԴʹá
ĻǱ򷢳ȥרŸ¡ϾĻ֮һ޹֮ҲպյĿֲڡ
ˣһ޹ʲôţˣ
һЦֱӱâʧ
ڣһƣһ³֮ϣ·һɨ
Ĵϯ֮ϣ֮һĻ
Ǵ߷ֱʿĿֲǿߣһǿһֻɫʯͷɵʯһǿȴһһͷ­ͷֻ۾ɫߴʮףɲֳ̬ļǺǿߡ
֮ϣеİ·ǿߣʯкιɣ
ʯ塢Ǻ޹֮нǿ壬ÿһ嶼ӵʿǿػ
ʯǿ߶ʿ۷ǿߣkǵʵĻҪһء
ʯɨһۣһĨ֮ɫѾ䣡ռ޹ǣֻɱ֮ھ뿪޹ǰɣ
һĨ֮ɫƾЩҲ޹ǣŲǽ޷뿪޹ǣ
Ļһ£һǿޱȵħϢʥ鹬֮ر
Ȼ䡢类ƻֽѣȻƣǿꡣ
ʥ鹬֮ڣʥǿˣֵΧ֮£Ҳֻ·һ
ʯһĨϷ֮ɫЦǰʯʥͼ߰ʥ־
Ļɫ䣬ʧеʯʥ߰ʥôܣkǲѾ𣿡
һЦ޹ɱԽʥšһʥթԶջͻƳΪʥǿߡɱķϣҿһԴ޹ǰȫ뿪˺ƤĻӦ׻ʲô³
Ļɫһ±ʮѿ
ĻǿټϵkǵֱȷʵԿʥǿߡǿǲʱ̾ۼһ𡣶Ұʯ塢Ǻǿ֣ǿʱ壬Ҳ߳ϵʤ㡣
ʧȥӻѾһ޴ޱȵĴ⣬˶ڵkǵϺݺݵҧһڡ
һЦʯʥ߰ʥҼȻҴɱ棬Ѿ׼ҵıͬаʥǿ֧֣
һɰʥĿֲϢһ´ʥ鹬֮ڴִ
ʥǿߣ
ʯǿ߶ɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ӵаʥǿػûаʥǿߵػ༫Ϊ޴屾͵һʥǿ֮󣬰ʯ塢Ǻ嶼
ǰʯʥʥ鹬ڵһλʥѣ
ɿֲޱȵİʥ洫һʥ鹬֮ڡ
Ļɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨŭɫɫ濴һۡ
ĸԴܷ綼ҵʱƻЩǱڲͽǽһܹƻĶͳͳƻҲ޷ơ
ʥ鹬һѾҪָҪķԴʱ䡣Ϊˣʥǿ߲ܹ֮һʥ鹬֮ȥ硣
ʥ鹬ڴһ翵˭ǲҪֻ֪Ҫ֪ػkǾȻ޹İλ뿪һ֣Ǽʶҵֻ֮һܹȥ
ϿʥѾĻŤǵkܵҲϲk
ϿʥԼ񳲶ϵǿݵܡһk֣;Ҫɱϴȥ䡢ֲӡпơ
߰ʥǵʵ൱ƴһֻװױС塣ɣǸɳ½н֣սʤƣȻʤ˻ʤʤˣ뿪޹ǡ
԰ʯ塢Ǻǿ޹Ҳ߳ϵʤ㡣һصİʥǿߣһ֪Ŷ߰ʥһ±СĽ
ǹ֮УǿƴܾȻһЩСΧϷһԴûҲûз
ǷĴʥԼʮһʿǿƴ˸ܾˣټϱ㣬űûɱ
ȫʢʱɱһͻᱻk֪Ȼ
Ͽʥãܹ֣
âҫһɫʯͷɣߴʮ׵ɫʯˡһͷ߶ʮ׵߾ˡһɫУߴףɢһϢɫʯҲǴ֮ڡ
ĻһȻֵʿǿߣɫʱ䣬֮ɫǿkÿһǺ۷ǿߣʵֻ»ڰʯ֮ϣ
ǿ߶ʿ۷ǿߣֻһͿԽΪʥǿߡĻҲûʮɵİսʤkǡ
һ㣬һâ΢΢һ֮жһ㴫֮档
һâҫ֮˶͵һ޴ޱȵľΧ
Ǿ֮ϣ߶ɫֵ
ɫ˭һս
һɫĹâ΢΢һɫʯ˱ͬһǾ֮ϣһѱĵ棬ŷɱ⡣
ɫʯһЦȤ֪˭ս
ͷ߾ЦĻkɫֻ·һ


958 ֲĽ
һĿĻ΢΢һת¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
Ļͨóսɫһ͸߹ǿߣһɫ׼ǿķ鷨ıôĻΣˡ
浭ս
ǣϣ
һףһɫսףһֹ׾ϢĽ΢΢һΣһ³ھ֮ϡ
桢ı֮󣬻ޱȵĿǽһӵʿĿֲս
һɫʯһĨ֮ɫk˭鱨֮ôûˣ
ͷ߾˵֪ĵ̣һǺǿ߲ϡ棡
ǳư޹壬˺ԴϸƣԲֹʿǿߡĵֻ̣ҪkԸ⸶ۣʿǿ߲ʲô
Կʼ
һɫĹâ΢΢һɫһɲ֮ڽǰһն֮ǽ׺ݺնȥ
Ļ΢΢һݣǵkĹԶ㲻ȥÿٶȣ̫ˣ

һ֮УŵһĻˡɫɽʿǿնѳһȻǽһֵֻסɫĵнһҡ
ɫʯһĨ֮ɫÿµķ
ͷ߾һĨɵ֮ɫÿµĹ
ʯҲ𺧣Ǵʲôطһֲ̫ˣ
֮УɰʥĿֲϢĿҲ˽׳˺档ɫΪֲʥǿҲõkһնϡ
ȥ
ɫ·ܵĪ裬ȻһΣٶٴ㡣һɲ֮䣬ڽΧɫĲӰɫĲӰĻӵŽնȥ

һޱȵӽ׵ϴһ˲䣬kͱնǧ϶ǧۡ
ڱնǧİٵʱǽǰ̤һһȭſֲޱȡѹһе壬ǺӡѹһУɫѹȥ

ɫɫһ䣬Ҳ˲ʵһŭХһնһĨɫĵâնգ̺նһеն֮Žնȥ
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һ춯صľ֮У׵ұӲıɫնأҲӲıɫһΪնء
ɫҲǿֲɳʮһѪǾ֮ӵпռ磬ԳһƬռ䣬kͷɵòӰ
ǽױն֮¶ںɫ٣ȴʮֹûһѪڳǿ߶Ǽʶ֮ûһо֡
ãã֮УӵֵĴڣʯǿȫʯͷ֮еĹ塣
һնأڵkһռֱӴ򿪣ĸǿʯ㱻kڡ
ӡǽ׵֮и֣ÿһʱ䣬kڲϵĽǿǸɫնĿֲ˿ҲۿɼĿֲٶѸ
ãɱ˵k
ɫһĻӿһ˿ԤУ΢΢һΣһɫĹâһ̺ն֮ǽ׷նȥ
ӡҫһɫľ޶һ³˽׵Уk߾һɫľ޶ܵԼǰϡȻԴԴϵӿkڣõkøǿ

ɫһնɫľ޶֮ϣֲ׵ն֮ӲĽһɫ޶նѿ
һץӲĽһѾ˾ɫ顣
˾һĻˣԴԴϵʴӽ׵֮䶯ûһɫ޶֮ϣһɫ޶ѸٵԶ޸
ɫһһֹķʽٴһ̺ն֮һ漴նƵĺɫ޶նȥ

һΣһɫľ޶Ȼɫնһ޴ĿӣȴӲĵסɫʥʿܹնѵĿֲһ

ɫŭĴ߶ն֮壬һһӸַ˼ĽǶŽնȥ
ɫķն֮£ǽ׵ĺɫ޶ܲѿֲϵ޸
ǽ׵ıϡʯû׵ڣϵĽkǿ
ɫһĨɵ֮ɫkڽ
ͷ߾һѿһµļһɫĹԵkЧԽԽСˣ
ɫһܽǺɫ޶նѣʱƣѾҪܹǿǺɫ޶նѡ
ȥ
ɫǽԽԽǿԽԽֲһҧֱӷɵ˼ʮĸ߿֮УȼԴͬһ㣬һնŵŵΪһ̺ն֮壬նգһŽնȥ
һĮĿɫ߾ٺɫ޶ܣԭ˺۵ĺɫ޶ܾȻһ˲ȫָ
ɫɫ䣬ʧеkʵ
ͷ߾Ҳɫ䣺k֮ǰһֱʵΪɫ
ְ嶼Щǿǵɱﵣɫÿð幥һΣkľ޴
ʱɫѾȫ̺ͣŵkȫһݺݵնǽ׵ĺɫ޶֮ϡ
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һ춯صľ֮Уһֲޱȵ˷ɢȥ
ôܣ
ܣkķôôֲ
ôܣ

һ𺧾׵Ŀ⼯еĵطһɫ޶ڳɫȼձԴ֮նһ֮󣬽һ׵ĵۡ
ɫһĨ֮ɫţܣ
ɫͨն֮壬ϵkǿ쵽Ŀֲٶȣһֱ¡kֻҪʥʿĴʲôڵk˿塣һμ߰ʥóһkĶıkŻ߰ʥ
һɫľ޶ܺȻʧݱ䣬һȭſֲݺݵĺɫ֮ϣֲ˲䱬һĽɫƬ
ÿµǿߣ
Ǵǿߣ
kķֻ¿İ벽ǿߣ

һ𺧵ĿһԴ˽ϡ
ʥǿ߿ǽҲһĨɵ֮ɫǿkǣҲҴԭأӲɫȼձԴƴһ
ɫʯĿ˽һۣһĨɵ֮ɫѾ˳սڸֵˡ
ɫ׺ɱԭһǿǿڶһпʼӡ
浭ս
ǣ
Ǻɫһ´Ǵһɫսףʥࡢ߹ϢʹŮѩֳһɫʹ֮һ³־֮ϡ


959 ֲʹŮ

ͷ߾ǰ̤һֱӳǾ֮ϣĶѩţ¶һЦݣһŤ֮УͷԼ촽ͷħϲŰɱĴǿߣѾǿͷǳΪҵղƷͷһΪղƷ֮һ
ѩü΢΢һ壬䵭Ҹеģ
ΪܿͻϲҵģһƷµʹ;
ͷħͷ֮ɫһͷ­֮ϸֳ׵ӡһ޴Ǹͷ­֮и֣ɢŶĵĹâһѩš
һȦһȦĺɫâǾ޴֮һǿԴܣǿͷħ壬õkϢøӵĿֲ
ѩü΢΢һͬһɽһĿͷħ
Կʼ
һܣʵҵٶȣɫҪ죡
һȻͷħһ׵ĳѩŵ˿ûκϧһצѩŵݺݴȥ
һ˲䣬ͷħһͷ­Ȼѣһ±仯ʮͬһĹͷӲͬķѩҧȥ
̺ſֲ綾Ķǹĳͷ֮ʥʿĿֲǿ̺߱Ŷ֮ͷҧУҲ涾ʹ಻һʵ½ϡ
ͷħһֲ˼㣬ûзʿڵǿ߶ᱻֱɱ
Щʿ۷ǿӦԲͬпܱͷħһиɵ
ȫ̫ˣ
ѩ֮һĨ֮ɫӽźһն
һɫĽڿֲ֮Уһ̺Ŷ֮Ķն飬˳ͷħ֮һš
ͷħһ¾ֹһϸߴӵkü֣֮һһı顣
ôܣôôǿ
ͷħһҽһıɻңֻһöɫĶڵϡ
ɱˣ
ͷħȻɱˣŮ˵˭ô˿ֲ
ǿkʵֻѾȰʥǿߣ

ʯѩţһĿɿڴԼ۾
ͷħն֮壬ʿһǿ֮Ҳ֮Сʯǿ߶ǵkĶ֡ǿ߾Ȼѩһɱѩսֱֲ֮죡
ǿŮ˵ʲô
ÿµǿߣŮ˵սֻǲ£
֮Уʯʥ߰ʥʥǿĿⶼѩŵϣһĨɵ֮ɫ
ҲһĨϲ֮ɫǿʹŮʵսǿ£Ǻųǿս֮һĿֲڣ
ʹŮʽǱˣսȺһʮѩսʤͷħʮ㣬ѩžȻܹһɱͷħȴǴԤϡ
ʱѩȻʿ۷ĴڣȴѾԽһʥĿֲս
ѩһУһöͷħĶͷ֮ڡһߣվţɢһɿֲĴڸС
ʯüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫÿµǿߣǴ˿µǿߣ
Ŀ΢΢һǽԼѩŵ֮شתܹ츳˿ֲǿΪ֮ЧͶһޱȵĴ
ǽ׵ĿֲѩǰԵףѹԵǿֲʿ۷Ŀֲǿ߶ȫѹʯ
Ҳֻʮʥпҵܹѩšƥеʿ۷֮еĹＶǿߡһûʸ˿ֲǿߡ
ʯʥ߰ʥǵĶ̫ǿ󣡺ܱǸҲΪ˾ҫԼˡټ
һɫ˳Ĭһᣬһӣһöֱߴףɢǳâֱ֮зȥ
ɫһΣһɫĹâֱӴԭʧ
ʯ塢Ǻ֮ƺǾ֮ϵд裬˶߾ȫϾɱϧһдԷʵ
ɫ˿ֱͬڽסѩŵУʮֹϵķһֱ׷ıѡ뿪˵ء
ɫ˲սӣʯһξءkÿһ˶ĻĶ֣kǵϾֻ·һ
֮д˰ʯʥһεıԣ䣡޹ǣøǺˡ
Ļ΢һڽˣ
徭һ֮ѽԪˡΪػ滯С޹֮еĸַǲƲڻûȫ޸
ʱΪʱĻɲʯ塢Ǻ巢ͻ
һЦֻ䣿ʯʥ߰ʥûл֮ǰǿдʥءˣͲκδһ֮ûô˵顣
ʯʥ֮ĸ棬
΢΢һ¶һЦݣȻͳͳ
һɲǣվߵѩ֮ϡųޱȵĹâǰ̤һ·Խһ㣬ڼǰһݺݵżնȥ
⧲֮䣬һ¸ֳһԴܻ֣ϵƬҲֳǿӡǿķ
һޱȵĽ΢΢һڼϵԴܻһһ飬һϸߴӵkֱӳ֣ϸߵλãһı飬ֱ䡣
ѩŵٶʵֲ̫kһնɱ֮ǽ׾ʯжʮ׵ľ롣
ǰʯ塢Ǻ֮䲻𣡣
ʯɫ䣬΢΢һΣһ·ֳǧ˷ȥͬʱĺš
ֻҪͳͳɱˣ廹ʲôµĶ֣
һĨֳһ޴ĻƽսìתɷŰʯһ
һ޴Ļƽսì˲һ´˰ʯһkǸᴩ
һɲ֮䣬ʯһſֱһѪ⵽ش
ѩٳ˰ʯǰһŵkնȥ
ס֣
֮Уһ´ʯʥ־ŭһף·һĿֲʯ̺ſֲ壬ѩźݺݺȥ
ѩִնɱʯһֲʯԿԽkش


960 նʿǿ
һɫĹâ΢΢һǽֳһɫ޶˲ѩŵ󣬾ٶһ
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ڹ֮У߷ֱ֮֮ۡ˪kǶʱ̱̬ͬҲϲ̬ĴڡkǵҲӰ쵽档
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Ǽ׶һѨ֮Уһ·ɳһͷ峤ߴףɢʿźɫƬļǺߣǱȷӻҪ޴ۣĶŴ֮з形ӡ
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΢΢һΣһ·ɳһƬħϡΪӣһɫֲĻɽ֮С

һɫֻа׸ߵɽ֮ǰת֮һɽ֮ڡ
һɽ壬һƬޱȵĹ㳡ͳǰǹ㳡һѩʯг̵ĳǳ룬һŸߴʮϣħܵʯ
һ˿˿ֲһʯ֮
濴һʯ˫֮һ±ޱȵ⣬¶һ˿Ц⣺һǿʯǿߡkûеǡһǱǿޱȵʯ塣ȤܹһʲôĹ
ĬģֱһԼ֣ƳһξѪһʯһָ
һξѪһ·ɵʯ֮ϣһʯֱաڤڤ֮䣬һޱȵϵһʯϵһ𣬴ʯ֮Уһ´һܵĸо
һһʮףӡŰʯʥıֱӳ֡
ǰʯʥѾʹ÷С˰ҵĴСܹ֮ڡ
ȡʯʥ壬һֱ̣Ӳ˰ʯʥ֮ڣֱڳһȭͷСɫ


964 ʯʯ
һɫıһڳֱӷɵһʯϷ
Ĭģһָһɫķâһɫı֮ϡ
ɫıһųҫޱȵĹâһεɫҺ壬ɫı֮еʯ֮ϡ
һʯÿһɫҺϢǿһ֣õĲ
һӣʮ鲻𼶵Դһ·ɵʯ
һɿֲʯ֮ӿǶʮ鲻Դ֮ϣԴԴϵĳȡǶʮ鲻Դ
治ϵĽԼӸѹεʯӵкôĵرֱȡʯ֮أƾա
һöʯ·ûһ㣬ϵǸĵرϢҲԽԽֲ
;Ĵʯ֮ڣԴԴϵĽĵرͶУһöʯ
޹֮Уʯ塢Ǻ屻һ˾޴ĺ䶯
ЩΧ׷ѡ޹򣬸ɳʹߣŴϡĹƷ޹ǣʾ
һ仯Ϊ޹ָʾ޹ռǿʯıԴԴϵļС
ǰʯıҲѹһգпǿʯĶﶼȡͶ˶ʯǿ֮С
ͬʱƣռ޹Դź弶սˡ
޹һԵʥʿĹӵзḻޱȵԴʿʮλ˿
޹֮УһԾŶƿһС൱ڳΪʿ֮ʮλ֮еİһ㣬ÿʱÿ̻еŶڷı
һ֮ȻѪȡ֮ʥԪᾧ
һööɫʥԪᾧ̺֮治𼶵ĿֲԼǿޱȵ׼ʥ֮ʱ׼ıʱظо֮£ҲԥĽʥԪᾧһʯԡ
һööʥԪᾧһʯԣֱա
ʥԪᾧͳͳմ֮һöʯʱâҫֳءӡһǿޱȵʯ֮лѡ
һɿֲޱȵ֮ʯ֮ٴδΧһвԴ
ʮת˲š
꣡
һ֮УһöʯֱѿһӵһͷɫӨ͸ѩûһ˿Ͼ˿Ըл˫޴ͦ㣬ǵľȻǰ
һǡ绪ľ΢΢һɰʥĿֲӵk֮
磬ʯ񣡡
һһĹâҫһݻĴȹʯϣõkԵ崿ޱȣʸ߹ţǣ˼㡣
ʿ֮лŮضòܹʯģҲֻʯѩʹŮѩšħŮʵȼˡ
濴ʯ΢΢һ¶һ˿˷ޱȵЦ⣺ǿʥʯʣʯ֮еĻߡ̫ˣ
ʯǹ壬ΪֻԵɺ϶ɵǿڡʯǿߵʡսԶͨ壬ǿʹǿ岢Уλʳǿڡ
ʯʾʯ֮й֮еĹ֮еĻߡʿ֮Уʯʵļһ
ǴʱʱĴ˵˵֮УʯʶʿʵۼĿֲڡһʯʵʿʵۼǿ߻棬ֱѹɱ
˴ʿʳʱֵʯʣʯ󶼽Ϊ˴ʥĿֲǿߣһħ֮ɱһǱħ֮ɱ
ʯȻһʯʣҲζŵkӵнΪʥǱΪʿʵۼڵĸҲʹŮѩҪࡣ
΢΢һЦһŤֳԭΣҽ棬ʿ磬սħߴ鳤֮һ
ʯ񿴵̹Цݱøӵǰסһֻ첲ŵʣ΢Ц磬߰ɣ
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ľˣҲҵطһöʯʯҲǿͬʯǿߡʯ֮£һʯǿߣʯҲǿԽʥʿĿֲڡ
һʯܹһʯʣͶ˺Դ֮⣬Ҳؼء
״ˣҰŮ˭
ʯһصʥ鹬ڣѩһֱ۵ʯ񣬶ʱͬըëèһ㣬ݺݵĵʯƵʵ
ѩҲ֪ӵŮˣǵkʮţԼܵ谮һŮ˲ˡ
ӵգɢŰʥֲʯһ֣ѩž͸оԼĵλܵв
ʯһЦԵƵǸʯѩţӦýҹùã
һʯѩԣҲЩͷۡǿĸ֣ҲĸαʱΪѣʮͷۡ
ѩһޱȵùãߣҪҵĹùãҲҪûǸ£Ǿɣˣ͵ҵ£Ҫҵˣͽ㣡
ѩΪʹŮʣ߸ϣͳʹǿߣһĸȻԸʯͷ
ʯҪȻһЦãѩţ㵱ҵˡ
һЦֻܹǾķȥ
Ǿ֮ѾſǿޱȵĽ磬Ǿ֮ڣֻϣǵʹΪڡ
£ͣ
£ʤ

Ĵʹѩţ֮жſ֮ɫ
ʹŮ֧һʹĻߡĴʹ֮ڶӡkǾԻὫѩŵڵһ˳λڣk˸ѾΪѩŵ
Կʼ
Ļ䣬ѩһתٶȰ壬Ǿ֮һ³ѩŵĲӰ
Ӯˣ
һɲ֮䣬ѩűͬһϢĳʯıһʯֱӴȥ
ѩã飡ó汾ɣ㱾ͲҵĶ֣飬͸ӲҵĶˣ
ʯȻһЦһ˿̻֮һתָѩŵʹ֮΢΢һʥĿֲ˲䱬һ½ѩɳʮ
СˣҪˣ
ѩҲֱһ̺ſֲ˺գʯݺնȥ


965 ʿ
ʯȭһŰԵ׵Ϣһ̺ſֲգѹһУӲĽѩеʹ֮顣
Χһ̮γһɫ̮ѩڵķѹȥ
һɫĹâ΢΢һѩתٶȰ壬֮ͬһȻԭʧһ˳˰￪⡣
Ȼıƴ֮ϣѩԶԶʯǿ
ǻ֮һǿĴڶ塣Ȼͬǿ߶ƿزͬ
ѩΪʹŮʣϻ۾ףְ壬֮ϣյĳ̶ȫȲʯ
濴ڼսŵѩԼʯһĨ֮ɫܹʿ۷壬򣬱ǻҪѷ
汾ѹı֮ҹޣٶһǧֻǽʿȹ̡
Ƕá֮ȪԳʥʿľڶʱ֮ڽʿڡʿľޡ
ʿӻҪһܹǰʿҲǹ졣
ÿһʿʳᵮʮϵʥʿΪ֮һʵһ
廹š֮ġз֮УʱŤλ档ֻҪӵгԴȻЩЩŤλһӣÿͻջһǿߡ
Ȼ֮ġз֮еλ棬󲿷ֶԴƶ񤡣ҪֵطѸٵǿߣҪͶ뺣Դ
Ҳʿʵۼǿ߶ѱпΣʱЩǿŻῪ֮ġλ棬š
Ǿ֮ڣâҫ̶ʮ֮䣬ѩʯѾǧΡ
ѩͬһ㽻ʩչͬİ壬ûӲͬĽǶȷĹʯ
ʯͬǺ֮еĽʯѩô׵Ļ⡣
ѩã㹥ôãֵˣ
ʯȻһЦ֮Թһ˿棬һɰʥĿֲһġ
һɲ֮䣬һֻʯ壬·ѹһĿֲִݺѩֱȥ
ѩɫ䣬תٶȰ壬һɲ֮䣬Խԭʧ
һɫʯ֮䣬һѩŵ֮ϣѩֱʯΪһʯˡ
һֲֻľһץסѩŵ仯γɵʯˣһû֮С
һɵĹâҫʯоͶһƴСʯˣѩš
һɫâ΢΢һһʯ˵ĵʱķѣѩ΢΢һΣһ´ʯзɳ˵ϣҧһĵĵʯ
ȻѩûܵһƣʮԼѾˡಫʯʯʱȫԽش
Ϊѩż͵ĴʹҲһĬԼ˵ŭͷϵѩš
ʯȻһЦѩãˡ
ʯ㣡
ѩĲ鲻ԸĽһ΢΢һΣֱӴǾ֮ʧ
£
ϣǵĴʹҲ΢΢һΣѩ׷ȥ
磬ôҺɣ
ʯ΢΢һһĨߣЦ⣬ʸ߹š
ʯͷޱȵȻҼҵʯˡ
ʯѩŶʼǿߣ֮ĸ鼫ΪܡҲε֮һ
ʯҲһ¶ޱȵ飬·һֻܵ˿޵ĿɰСè
ʱţ֮λȥһ֮꣬λ֮ٴιȥһǧꡣ
֮λ棬һƬ֮С
һʿΧһͷʮףͷϳһֻǵħߡ
һʿһս֮սһͷħ߸ɵ
һȥֻʮΪӢЦڸɵͷĺħˣħӦֵܹǮȥ塣
һЩľګǰʮĽһͷħߡħ߸ʱһһӲӲʯ飬˳ֽǸʯ˳
һʯһһѪ䣬ޱȵӡʯ֮б֮γһϡءµ֡
ʮ꿴յֺʵʱ֮ʱ֮˭
һŵβŮĶ֮гֵ֣֮ޱȵɫϣǲѧʷιʱнʱۣ֮ǹʱһ𿰱ʿʵ۵ĵۼǿߣ
ſϲ֮ɫ˷ܽеʿʵۼǿߣˣһ£Ƿˣܹʱ֮еıǽпܽΪ溣ܣ
һɫôܣʱ֮ʿʵۼǿߣڵk֮еػߺֹ󣬾溣ܹܶɱֻһʿȥѰʱ֮۵ֻ·һ
һϴһʵûǵʵ̫һ˵úãƥʯͷֵ̫󣬸ܹµġֻϽ棬ǲܹסһС
ʵһ仰ʱǼ侲һʿʵۼıأЩһʿܹĴڡ
һԲĿɰŮһǵʵô죬
سǣص֮ǰڵءϽȫͨħֱһ˭Ҫɱǣڱ֮ʲôֽţɵ֡
Сһһۣ˾ڵĳзȥ
֮λ֮Уһħ֮֮ܳڣ滺˫ۣҫޱȵľ⡣
ʿʵ̫ˣǧޣҲֻҵΪʿڡˡ֮Ȫ⣬ʣԴֻꡣ
ʿǿÿһС磬û㹻Դѵʱ䶼ǧϡʿǿһӶʿ޷
水վŽ֮طڿ˾ŸС硣ԴҲԶͬǿߣĵԴҲһΪֲ֡
ǧӶ޹õԴѾĴ롣
ֻҪڴҵ㹻ĿǺҾͿԽĻ
Ϊ޹İɳĸǰѰҿǺ鱨һֿǺ鱨ͻᶯһǿǺŪ֡
Ȼ֮䣬ԵһͨѶ΢΢һһ
һͨѶ֮б㴫ӣˣһ鱨ʱһۼǿʱ֮۵Ѿˡ
˫һ±һ󾫹⣺ʱۣ֮ǿַҲʼ𣿲٣ʲôضˡ


966 ǿƼ
ʱ֮ǹʱһΪʿʵۼĿֲڡkʱ壬ǿƵĹʱ֮УѹkͬһʱۼǿߣΪһʱ޵еİǿߡ
ʱ֮۵ַҲʿһֱҪҵıءֻʱ֮۵ַޱȣûһ˿
ʱ֮ʱɵô˵ʱ֮Ѿȷʵ䡣kַĵۼǿߡǸַҾԲܴ
һĨ˷ܣ΢΢һΣֱӴԭʧ
֮λ沨̹ɳĮһƬţ˼ĴɳĮ
ǲ̹ɳĮ֮УһССޡ
ΧһССһ˾ŸɳĮ֮ΪԴǾŸɳĮ֮໥֮䶼ɱݡ
һֻһǧˣŰȫֻ¶۾εľɳĮ֮егħǻɳɳĮ֮Ѹٵļۡ
Ϊһ˴һɫȫħףİ͹£֮һ˫ɫ۾Ҳֻͬʯ
ĻԸ֮ŮǾŸɳĮ֮ˮĵһɯȡ
ǾŸɳĮ֮У˸ҶŮŮûһλĹҡˮΪ˿ϡ٣뺷ŮǼΪɫսʿ
ɯȸˮĵһųս񡣴Ӿ쿪ʼСսûаܹİ˸ηĳƺΪѪħŮ
Ȼ֮䣬Ǿӵĺ󷽵һһޱȵĹӣݺݵĹ˼ʮֻħյĽϣޱȵĹӽǳħյĽֱնϡ
Ǽʮͷħһµڵϣkϵսʿͳͳˤ
ΧɳغȻһ䶯ɳĮսʿɳ֮˳
һɲ֮䣬ɳĮΧͳǧֳ䵶ǧֳַɸɳĮսʿ
ɳĮ֮Уû칭ĲϣΨһԶ̱־Ƿɸսʿ
ЩΧɳĮսʿһ֣ǧɸսʿһķɸͬһˮսʿǷȥ
ɯɫ䣬ֳ䵶ûص⣬ӲĽЩķɸһһɡ
ֻķɸһɯħϣһͽһٶˮħ׹ա
ɯȣͶɣֻҪͶҿҵӣ㲻Ҿɱ㣡ٻˮˮɱüȮ
һĸߴ󣬴һɫȫףɢһɱ뺷ϢĿһٶֵĻ֮£ɯȴȵ
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ǲдļħɯ󣬷˹ֱӳȥ
޴ļһȻˣȥɣ
˹һĨϧ֮ɫһЦһһԲȻɳ˵ϡ
һӡĽԲһأΧɳһ±仯γһߴʮ׵ɳˡ
һɳһ֣ſɯһһ硣
ɳʯ裬һ˲佫ɯһȫ֡
һħǿֲĻɳһ׷״ħ֮ϵڵϣǿֲĻɳɡ

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һ֮дһֻ·նȫڸסִɳһ
Ǹղһͽħֱӻܵɳһֻǰͬһ׾ͱ顣һֱӷ֮С
˹һĿɿڴգ֮ɫôܣ
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һֶֻЩɳĮСط˹˵ȫǳĿֲڡ
ѪôҲɣ
һƽޱȵ֮дâɯȺ˹ϣӲĽǶ㵽֮С
˹۾һ㷢ԼѾһƬ߲Ʋ֮ϣ߲Ʋһߣһźź֮һŮ桢ѩšʯˡ
Ůˣ
˹һѩʯ˫һһĨ𺧣ȻʹͷҶ࿴Ҳһɫ֮ͽһ뵽ղǳһб㲻ֲĴҪ˹СѴ֮
ˮһŮɯȼˣ
ɯֱӳ°ͷϵͷ¶һ飬ޱȵһ¹ڵϣһ
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˹΢΢һǹ֮ޱȣȻ֪ǰ޷ĴȴȻһ˿
浭һЦɯȣҪһΣյ¡ΪһԸҿʵԸ
ɯŨŨҰĵĻǣˣɳĮ֮нһɳĮ۹ΪɳĮ۹Ůʣ
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浭һЦ˫ġ
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һâ΢΢һټȱߣɢһ溣۷Ŀֲ湧
޹Ӷᵽ˺ĲƸµ֮һǧ֮Ҳ˾޴Ľ
ټȡӣŮѾֱͻƣһ·ͻͽΪ溣۷弶Ŀֲǿߡ
浭ȥɳĮĹҶˡһ£
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ټһ񣬻һ⣬Ʋ֮·ȥ
ɯ˷ܣĶ棬˼ǧʲôˣһ仰ܹҳΪɳĮ۹Ů𣿡
˹ɫ䣬аͳͳ飬һ¹ڵϣధ㲻ܹôˣҿΪЧҲΪЧҪݻҵĹң
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ɯüͷһгη壺ÿ£
ֺ˹ҲɳĮ֮ǰľ֣ĸ־Ȼһ񶼵ֵסɯȿ棬һŵ顣
߲Ʋâ΢΢һһ·ɵ˲̹ɳĮġšûһ˿̣Ҳûһˮĺ
ʱԭţûһ˿̵ĺѾĴڡ
ߵȾ塢塢ħһ壬ߴϵǿ߶ˡ֮⣬иϵǿҲˡʱַ֮ʵ̫ˣ
һƬĿһɨ㿴һμ
ԳһߴϵҲԳһͬʱ֮ϵ塢ǿǿγһ塢ߴϵ໥š
ʿ֮У塢ߴϵ֮⣬ǿޱȵϵ壬Լǿߡ
ʱ֮֮£ǿ߶˳


967 ǿټ
ʿΪʿİ壬ʿ֮УҲǱİӡħħһǿ߶˶ĺ֡
һʿʱַ֮ϢһϴħȻǣǲᱻڡͬҲ鱨¶Щǿİǡ
ʱַ֮ǿİǴ֮£Ѿü˲֪˲ܡ
Ϊʿʵֲ̫һʥʿĿֲڲϵѡ˴ʿʳѹǿ壬ռŲ֮λͳελɲ⣬ЩǿԲС塣
Χ֮ڣһƬ֮һƽ𹬵ǻƽ𹬵֮Уһ޴Ļ᳡
Ǿ޴Ļ᳡֮УԱԼߴ鳤
ʱ鳤ѾԼλ֮ϣһâ΢΢һҲڵ鳤ı֮ϣ߸ϣǿߡ
˷һӵĿ⣬˵ϡ
Ǿ鳤սħ棿
һ溣ǿҲܹΪ鳤忴Ҳûˣ
幦ѫһôkҲܵ˵֮֮һɱ˵kһԻþ޴ĺô
ʿʵ֮˵ǿ𣿡

һĿⶼϡ溣ǿߵΪͨʿ˵ѾǼΪֲųƴܵĴڡʿЩʿǿУʲô
ʿ֮Уǿ߳Ŀ棬ҪɵӶһСЩǿ壬ͬҲ壡
ߴ鳤ۣڵkǵӵʥʿǿػҲûʲô˴ʱɱ档
ǽˣѾʿĽÿ죬ЩҲ˲С
ԪҲ׳Ϊ溣ʿ
ʿڵķλһɨʱ˲ˡڿԪ֮Ҳ΢΢ЩԾ
Ԫ̫ڵĵһţǿߡ泬Խ˵k֮󣬾Ҳûйעkû뵽ԪȻҲһӺ׷
濴һԪվλʱףʱʳԪǱʱʳ£ˣ
Ԫʮ溣ǿվһȫվʱʳӪ֮ڡ
ԪȷʵŲ٣Ҫô̵ʱ֮溣ܣͬΪѡΨ֮ͬһʱ֮λȻͬԪ˶̵ʱ֮ڽ׳Ϊ溣ʿ
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Ԫվʱʳʮ溣콾֮УĶ鳤֮ϵ棬żʵĻ档
ԪǴһ̫ڵʥӣλޱȣԶԶ֮ϡԴӰ֮Ԫʧȥ˹ȥȻĵλ
ԪҲȷʵľţȻУȻûзһһӡĽʱʳŵʱͶʱʳʱʳͬƵ֮кķ˼ǧʱ⣬ɱģŽΪ溣ܡ
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һϷʵĿ׷׼ϡ
˵ɱ棬֮еǿ߶ͬ飬ǸֱӺɱΪϲƣս棬ȴԱϲּ顣
ߴ鳤֮һλޱȡֻҪʧܼΣ͡лԻʹʥҲ鳤λá
ȤΪλṩд跨ĳأ
ħȻһЦָһţһʿǿսľȻӵkзɳһƬɳĮ֮УһγһռŤԲֱʮľ
һĿⶼϣҪδֵ⡣
³밲ȴһսʤһСĴ
温ŰȴһĨɱһЦƾ㣿Ҳսңʤҵͽ˵ɣټȣȥдһ·
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Ưˣ
ټȣôû˵
溣ǿߣʲôˣôû˵֣
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ȴټһ嶼Ϊ֮ȻʧɫľգһĨĽ·Լİһ
ĻŰȴľգȫŮǿݡ
浭Կʼ
ټͬ챦ʯһ˫֮ͫһ¸ֳޱȵӡһ׺ɫװסѪɫõ塿ȻΧһһɫս֮ڡ
ȥ
ټһģֱӳڰȴǰһ̺ſֲޱȵգѹһУݺŰȴնȥ
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ƳߵȾ徫ǿһۣдԣзաѲҪҵͽܣվ̨ϸǵɱ𣿴ǾʵʵĴš
һŲ˰ɫķԸУò޾׵ĸߵȾ徫΢΢һΣһ³֮ǰĶ棬Ȼˣ鳤Ǿս
鳤ıŰһЦֻ溣ʿһߵȾսңҡôȥսʥʿӲķҹֻͬǿߵս
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ʱ֮Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬֮Ŀһۣȡһöǻõʯһ㡣
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֮һ³ѷ죬·ԳǾ޴󹬵ĳ֡
Ȼ֮䣬֮еĿռһ±һ׵Ŀֲڶֲ쫷˷ϯȥſɵһС
׵Ŀֲڶ֮Уɳһֱߴʮǳ
һűȵʮǳʱ֮۾ס
ʱ֮ʿʵۼĿֲڣժֻСֻЩϲǳԼľסеϲڲ֮λ½ԼסĹ
ʱ֮۾סһ֣һɢʥʿֲĺɫӰͬһǿֱӷȥ
һ˿˿ŤʱⲨƽȻ֡
һɫӰһʱⲨƽ֮ڣʱܼٶȿʼ˥ϸࡣ

һɫӰȻԸٶȴʱⲨƽ֮зɳھʱ֮ǧ֮ͣ£¶Ρ
һףһţͷ­⣬ſĶԺɫţħǿߡ
һţħʥʿǿ߾ţħػţʥ
ʱţʥ뷢԰ףϡϵƣɢһɲϸζ
һɫħҫţʥ뷢һȫڣҲȫָ˻¶һ׳ޱȵkϢȴǱȸղһ֣Щǿ߶֪ţʥղܴС
ʮʥʿĿֲһƬһֲʱΧϸ̽ʱķṹ
ʱ֮һΪϡٵʱ壬ʱΪģ׳ΪۼǿߵĿֲڡkҲͬ޵Уѹ˺üʿʵۼĿֲڡkסʥǿҲΪ֮ġ
ʥʿµĴֻܹվһߣȴЩʥʿǿ̽
ʱ֮۲µ磬רŶԸʥʿϵǿߡʥʿϵǿһ룬ͻᴥʱ磬ߵÿһӶһ
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棬ڣҾͲˣԼСģ
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ֿѹǿʵַǿ߶Ը׽롣һʥʿһַkΨһڵƾͻǿֲޱȵĲ֮
Ѿʼ֮УһðšЩʥʿ󲿷ֶԸðսյءвkǶЩǵ̤ʯеһжֱӶᡣ
û棬ԻʹʥҲðսʱ֮Ѱʿʵ۵Դ
ڣǻԻʹʥϨԼǰȥðյ˼
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ǽɫ֮еһͳͳֱӿһƽɫͨ
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һװϡװټȵȸֻһǻƽɫֱ֮ͨӷȥ
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һӰһЩǿͼǻƽ֮ͨзȥ
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һɭһֻ޴Ļƽɫָ·һ롣
ߵӰʮֹıǾ޴ޱȵĻƽɫָһֱӷɵǾ޴Ļƽָ֮±ֱһ촷ۣеѪ룬һſźɫľɵ֮С
ǿ߼һĻ΢΢һİԵٴ̵˽⡣
ҲΪĺôַأɢԼСǿ߸ûʸ̽һֻǿԽǿԽ
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µǿ١ʱ֮µǿࡣ
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ǳ֮΢΢ͷǳԼǳʳǿһͬԶȥ
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ҲǴʮ֮ɵľţΪ治¡ڿ澹ȻԶԶԽʮָӡҲӵоŵİĻ־ȻԸб֮¡ҪľѰԼĻԵҲΨһ沢еĻᡣ
΢Цףףˣ
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һĨ֮ɫԥһᣬ΢΢һ̾ԼСģ
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΢΢һΣںɫ֮еʯѩǿ߱ߣʱ֮ڵķȥ
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һöﱦһСżһ˵ķζĿһۡ
һâҫǼط߷һеǿǶֱ뿪Ը淢ͻ
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ӴޱȵĻеͬһŻеƣ֮мֵıﶼͳͳߡ
һƣֻһЩϵڵĶɽ֮УȻɳһͷ峤ߴףһɫ⣬峤һŧͷ״һ溣ħߡ
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ǿһеĻеųһƵĹϷǹ֮Уһ·ɳһ߸ߴǧףɢ溣Ŀֲʯ
عҫս溣Ŀֲʯһˣǿֲʯ˶ʮͱһ飬Щ̻ռ
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ֻܹˣܿƶķ򣡡

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ʱ֮֮ڣѾгǧûǿ߽롣֮УԿĵرЩǿҲʱͻ
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ʯҲЦվһߣûзԡ
ѩšʯ˵֮У֮⣬ûֵõkǣҡ
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ڲ֮λ֮УߵַѾѹһգûʲô̫мֵıߵֵַԶԶȲһʱ֮ء
ǹȺ֮ǰʱ㷢ƬȺ֮УѾඥǿߡ
ʳԼkߵĸҲվ֮С
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һаṲֻ̊һʧڴҵĿռ֮Уһըѿķѣϣһѻҳ
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ÿµļһ
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һĿ⼯ϣеǿ߶ս
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ǽһҫһ貵ĽɫâһȻֱ̹ӱƳ塣
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һޱȵĺɫħһºǿֲĹ걳֮ϣûǹ걳֮ڣǹݻγɵȫɡ
ͬһʱ䣬һſֲ׵Ϣһֻ޴ĹצһſԷһеħʮ̺ʿֲķûƬֱӺȥ
Щǿҵ˻ᣬֶ淢һ
ǳ֮һӣǳâҫγһǳ磬סһЩǿߵĹ
ǸĹȴƹʳߵķһºǹŤĿն֮ڡ
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һʱռŤ磬Ǿʱ֮۹Ⱥһеǰ
ƬȺһۣʱг˷֮ɫһأˣ
ƬȺ֮УеĹʹĿʯƶɡЩʯս˵Դ
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һ֮Ȫ׷ױ͵Уִʱ֮֮ǰʱѾ˶ʮ֮Ȫ
ǡ֮Ȫ⣬ǿ˴˽ޣ˼ҵ䱦ҲŪʮ֣ȫԽټȡӢһӡɵ׽ĸӲ˼ϵȡ֮⣬ǹȺ֮У滹ҵཨ߼صĸϡϡ
ʱ֮ΧҵıʥʿΪ֮ģʱ֮֮ڵıĶ
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ڰڷһι״ĹЩ·һ㣬ȴûκ
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ŵʯӡתΪһʯͷһĹػǹʱʹõֶΡԸֶõİ취ʯͷܸ֮ǰkǸɵ
õģ磡
ʯȻһЦһһ̺ʯ֮Ĺâһһ֮ϡ
һ΢΢һ·Ҫһ㣬Ȼһҳеͳͳʯһɶ
ʯʯʣʯ֮еۻһĸ߹ڣʯ֮塣ʯĳﶼǵkĳ񡢽
Щʯ֮󣬾ѾʯһĹڣȻ޷ʯ
һȻƽ֮һųޱȵĻƽ⣬һȻһɹʿĿֲ


972 ʱۼر
ЩոոͱʯһɫâһоͳͳգһƬҳ
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һɹɿֲ֮֮дһȻƽ֮ϡ
ڻƽ֮ϵʱ緢һʱⲨһߵĻ֮ϣÿһ̣൱ڹȥꡣ
߻ʹƵۼرĶƶɣûҲûĻеʱʴԵkЧ
ʮ֮һȻƽű㱻ɳһһ˽Ĵ󶴡
Ǹ󶴷˽ȥ˼򵥵飬˰ȫѡ
һǻƽ֮ڣһŨޱȵħӭһޱߣ·޾ǰ
濴һޱ޼ʵ磬΢΢һһ磡磬òʱ֮֮С硣
ڽһȻƽ֮ţʵϾѾʱ֮۵ڣʱ֮۵ĵԴˮ
΢΢һת㷨ѰǵԴˮ֮ء
ҵˣ
һ˿˿ڤڤָ֮֮֮£ԼоǵԴˮڵķ
һһΣǵԴˮڵķѸٷȥ
ǵԴˮڵĵطҪǵԴˮŪûô򵥣
ͣһƬ֮УԶȥһĨ֮ɫ
ھһǧĵطһݳɵľ޴
һɹǿޱȵϢǾ޴֮лÿһϢʿĿֲڡ
һۼǿߺķ硣ʱ֮ۻŵʱһԵʥʿֲڵ硣Ѿȥǧϣʱ֮۵Ĳ֮£Ȼû˥䣬ԶԶںڻʽ֮ϡ
ʲôˣȻҿ
һǾ޴֮дһɰʥĿֲ֮д
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Ĺ̴֮и֣ǹ̵ĺ棬һͷףû۾ֻݵĿֲ﷣ޡ
κǿһ﷣Уʧȥһ﷣ɣΪ﷣޵Ķʳҹܵĥʹ಻޷ѡ
ҪôǾͳͳȥˣ
һЦָһţһɺȻ֣﷣һһ㽫﷣ɡ
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﷣һ˲䱻ɱ֮Ȼǰһʱ֮˾ǰ˲䷢㲻壬һȭ塢ɰ塢ռ塢ɷһ˾ӵ֮ϡ
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֮ڣһ֮У˾ӱһըѿ飬һı촷ۡ
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ǰİӻҲֱӱը촷Ʈɢ
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һŭ֮УһŶǣĸߴòǿ߽̤һԲֳֳ̣ʮ׵İɫսìعҫսֱӹȥ
ЩŶòǿÿһҫʿϵǿߡǷ֮ǰһֲֻľӳֱԺɨ֮λر硣
عҫսع׵Ĺǿ֮£κһܻ嶼ӵʿĿֲս
ЩŶǵսʿĻеźݺݵײһ𣬶ʱ˲ء
սʿڵһʱ䣬ͱǿֲعҫսն顣Ǹ߰ʿûǱɵЩعҫսˡ

һâҫһʮ˹溣ʮʿʥĿֲȻ֮г屬
Щǿһ´֮зɳվ֮Уĵˡ
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ΪһףͷϳŶǣһɫսףֳһɫȨȵİʥǿһָ
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ֳֺɫȨȵİʥǿȡһöɫı飬һĦЩǿһָ
һʱİɫһЩǿϡ
Щعҫս˵ĹЩǿϣkһˣȻһ˲ָֻһ֮ǰ״̬
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ֳǡն񵶡һӣһ貾ף·ܹնɱһеİɫֳֺɫȨȵʥݺնȥ


973 ħ֮
ֳʱۼرʥǿɫ䣬еı飬һʱⲨȻһĨ춯أ·ܹһΪİɫâ֮ϡ
һԭ쵽İɫâһ±ţ·һ˶ܹ׵ıܹǰɫâһ㣬ȴȻǣ֮£İʥǿֱնȥ
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İʥǿȻûձضܵɷֻܹӲǡն񵶡һ
һʥǿɫ䣬һҧһѪֱûеĵۼ֮ڡ
һޱȵʱ֮ǰʥǿߵϡ
ǡն񵶡İɫһɲ֮նʥǿߵϣһ㽫ǰʥǿնء
һâ΢΢һǰʥǿ߾ͻݵ֮ǰ״̬
ǡն񵶡նһе˲佫ʥǿٴһΪ
ǵۼĻʥǿٴλݵ֮ǰ
һ˲䣬ʥǿ߾ͱնٴΣͬҲѸٵĻٴΡ
ǡն񵶡âȫʧʥǿȻûܵƣֻͷһ±ףҲơ
նһ֮󣬻·Ϳһ㣬еġն񵶡Ҳٴζһ˿˿Ѻۡޱ飬һ㣬һ˿˿ҫ
һ֮ȪȻͷ֮ȪȪˮ䣬ûڡ
ЩޱȵĲ֮Ȫ֮£ѸٵĻָٴնһ
һɫ˲ҫգɲ֮նİʥǿϡ

һİʥǿɫ䣬һ䣬ȼԴһ˿˿ʱԼ֮ϣֵǡն񵶡Ŀֲܡ
һ֮£İʥǿٴαնɱٴΣٴٴεĻָӲĵסȫһ
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һʥǿߴַ湥Ӳĵס
عҫսع׵ͳ˧֮£Χ֣һʧȥۼرӻֱֶӺ顣
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еġն񵶡ҲٴζѺۣͷ֮ϵĲ֮ȪҲͳͳա
һ֮Ȫɺ֮һ֮ȪȻɳȪˮϣѸٵ޸壬
ĿĮȻٴλӳһһޱȵĵһ½İʥǿɡ

һİʥǿݾ֣һ׵Ĳҽ֮ڻָһʮεʱһıѣҳʧ
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һʩչֶδʱռŤǿһǶħ֮ʣʱɫ䡣һЩʿǿҲһĨη֮ɫ
ǿǶħ֮ʣ氵ľߡֻҪkʱɳȫԺĽΪʥĿֲڡΨнʿʵ۵ƿŻᵲסkǡʿʵۼĴڣkҲԶʥҪ׵öࡣ
Ѿ˵صĽ֮ɫ䣬ͨĶǰʥĶħ֮ʣ֮ɫħ֮ʣ٣ʲôﶼðˣ
ǳ֮ɨǶħ֮һۣ֮һĨأ΢΢һ̾ħ֮ʣĹﶼðˣĹֻԽԽ࣡ҪĹʿʵ۵ĻԵ̫ˣ


974 ʱ֮
Ƕħ֮Ŀֲڣʱһһ𣬾ǳư£ܵеĿֲڡֻҪЩԼ֮ڳߵʿʵ۲ûǵkĶ֡
һʥĶħ֮ʵֲ˼㣬ǽ֮ǳ֮һһǶħ֮ʶûκΰա
һĿⶼַͨ߿˺棬ҪӦʱ֮֮м޵еĶħ֮ʡ
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һɲ֮䣬һͨĵ·ͱѩӲ˳
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ħ֣ƬնΪ̮֮һɿֲ֮ǵصϯȥ
عҫսȻɳͬһһֲֻצֱӷȥ
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Ҳôʱһ̤ʱ֮۵֮ڡ

Ƕħ֮һ춯صŭ𣬾޴˲飬һ֮š
ֻҪһ֮ţǶħ֮ʾͿԿԽٴ˵ء
ռ䷨һǰÿռ䷨ҪԽգôô򵥣
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һɫ࣬׵Ŀռ֮Ȼ֣ݺݵն֮ϡ
һ֮֮ӡŤ֮ڵĿռһ̮γɵһŤĺڶ

һŭޱȺдŤĺڶһߴһֻħֵĴӲĴǺڶ֮ųħ⣬ǿռ̮֮⣡
֮ﾹȻ˲֮Ƕħ֮ʣ˾Ŀֲڣ氵ľߣ
һǴ̮ڶ֮ħ֣Ŀ΢΢һ֮ɫ
֮ʥʿܹǿʥһ۳֮֮У󲿷ֵĹѾʥʿЧߡ
Ļ׿ԲݰʥǿߣһʥʿĿֲڣһʥʿ֮УĻҲ޷ݵkǲ֮Ŀֲ֮
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ϧ٣ҲĶ֡ɼȻҪԽգô͸飡
ҲһĨ֮ɫӡ˫֮и֣ڵ֮ĳȡŸСתռ塢ɷһָ
һɿֲĿռƻ֮ʱƬ֮УΧĿռֱƻ
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һֻħȻǲ֮Ȼǿռ籩ӲĽ飬Ӱֱ֮ӵ䡣
ȻʥʿĲ֮ҲԵֵƬռ籩
Ƕħ֮ʱ٣һһҲûбʤİաǶħ֮ʾȻ˰Ҫͨռ䴫ŽϾͨռ棬ʧҲȻ顣
һֻħӵԣһն䣬㻯һ⣬Զȥ
󲿷ʥʿǿƾǲܹ֮֫ݹѪ
Ƕ֫µ֫壬Ҫʱ;޴ܹЩָ֫ȫʢʥʿǿߣҲԼ֫塣
һӡȻǰʩչַӡ֮⣬ħϣҪħַӡ

ħ֮һ±һɿֲޱȵħ⣬ӲĽӡ֮飬ֳ˲֮Ŀֲ֮
һֻħ֣Ƕħ֮⽫kֻħֶһĵλ֮Уһֻħֺܿͻܹһս溣ܵĿֲڡ
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һһͷϳһֻǣĿ࣬һͷѩ׳ɢ޾źǿӡӾʿʵۼǿʱ֮ۡ
һ֮µӡһ˿˿ʱⲨʱ֮۵˷ɢȥ
ʱۣ֮ʷǿʿʵۼǿ֮һ޽ӽߵĴڣϧľ콾Ҳʱⳤ档Ϊߣеһʱǰվữҳ
濴һһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ̾
ʱ֮ΪʿʵۼĿֲǿߣkĴھѾʱľ󻯡ǹĦkĵ񣬾ͲʱкôֲĴڣվʱⳤ֮УҲЩꡣ
ʱ֮û䣬ʱ֮ԲʱΪʿʵۼǿߡ˵kȷȷʵʵѾ䡣
ǵkѾԽʿʵۣΪߡأпܻڡָʵ̫С
濴һʱ֮۵ĵ񣬺Ȼ΢΢һðһޱȵͷ
ʿ֮УֹʥʿʿʵۡԼ߸һһ죬һһǿ˷˼
һ뵽Ǹڶʿʵۼǿߣ㲻óȻȷʱ֮۵
Ŀǰյ֪ʶʿ˴ʿʳɶ֪ʶԽ󡣲İ̫Զٵ֮£ɲҽ˵
濴ʱ֮۵еһöԴᾧ˫һ¸ֳӡͨħͫǵԴᾧȥ
ʱۣ֮ˣ㿴ӰʱҲѾȥʱ֮磬Ų֮һΪҪػʱ֮ˡӦҵ󣬾Ϳ㱾ӽԴᾧܹһ㣬ͿԽ


975 ʱ֮۵
ȻܹʵһǿӵηĿֲʵңʹҪҵĵԴˮûκοܡһʹķ֮ǰٵһС
ʱ֮۵ĵ˫ºһЦ˵
ʱüͷ΢΢һ塣
ʱ֮ʿʵۼĿֲڣһʿʵ֮е޵дڡĴڲµĺ֣ܹĴڡ
ʱ󣬻жħ֮ʡǿڽ׷ᡣֻռһȻǷᣬôͻǿߵСǽʱ֮۵飬ôδ֪Σ˽ѵľء
һᣬӦãҴӦ
ʱ֮۵С֮У̺İ磬Ҳӵо޴ĺôȻܷûᡣ
ʱ֮۵ĵâ΢΢һһָɫĹâҫһ˿˿֮ǵ֮ӿγһԼ
ɨԼһۣһ˲㽫Լ֮ԼȫָһһξѪֱӷɳûԼ֮ϣֱγ֡
Լâһֱû֮ڡΥԼ֮еԼͻܵ޴ķɣֱ䡣
ʱ֮΢΢һЦܺãֻҪܹһߵߵԴˮͨҵˡ
һȦȦʱⲨȻǵ֮ϡ
磡
һһ´ʯѩŵľ֮
üͷ΢΢һ壬ȵ˵һȥ
ʱ෨Ĺ޲ĹʯѩŲͨʱ෨ǹʱⲨǰ޷κΰıǡ
ʯѩŮ΢΢һΣֱӷɵһߡ
ʯŮһɳʱⲨֵķΧ֮ڣ㿴һޱȵ֮£·һ±þֹһ㡣
ǹʱⲨһϣһ֮䣬оԼֱӱʧꡣ
һɫĹâһ˲ʱ֮۵ĵ֮дһûü֮ڣһƬ¾׵طһ³Ժ֮ڡ
ʱ֮ۿĵۼطȻ£ʱ֮ʱⱦ䲻£һʱİ
΢΢һһȡ˵ۼرʱ֮顿Ӵޱȵһ¹עǡʱ֮顿ڡ
ǡʱ֮顿һ¸ֳµӡ֮ڹâڹ·̺һƬһ߼ʵʱ֮
ĶһƬʱ֮ʱţʱ֮мصطԼʱⱦ֮мŵطһ±
һͷȻ֣ʱĳˢ֮£ÿһ֮䣬涼ᱻȥ
ԭˣûѪ츳Ҫʱⷨʱͱʱĳˢ֮²п򣡡
Ҿʱĳˢ֮£Ҫʱⷨʱ壬û㹻ǿطֲʱرɹҲ͵ˡֲʱⱦ䴫˶꣬򣡡
ͷȫû׵һ˲䣬ڻع΢΢һ̾
һ˿˿ʱⲨ֮·ʱ֮һ㣬Ԫֹͣ˥
˫һ¸ֳµӡһ˫̺ʱʱȻ֣ʱ֮۵ĵȥ
һöʱ֮顿ʱ۵ʱ֮໥ӿʱ֮ڡ
Խӽһʱ֮۵ʱپԽ죬ʱ֮۵ĵطһ֮䣬һͻȥʿʵۼǿӷվʱ֮Уһ㼸ʮ֮䣬ͻ˥ϸֱ࣬䣬һĲ֮
ʱ䷨Ĵǳգ޷ֵʱĳˢеһöۼرʱ֮顿ȴųޱȵʱâεػΧԵֵסʱʴ
ûǵۼرʱ֮顿ʱ֮ػܿʱ֮۵ĵͬûܹʱ֮۴µطʱ֮Ҳ޷ǵۼرʱ֮顿İ
֮䣬ʱ֮۵ǰһǵԴˮ֮ϡ
ϲ㣬ˣͨµҵ
ʱ֮۵һ¶һЦݣ˫һųؾף޾Ĺâһ´ü֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬ʱ֮۹ʱԼʱĵͬɽһûʶ֮ڡ
ʱʱԼμ
꣡
һ֮Уʱ֮۵һ±飬¶һ͸ˮס
͸ˮ֮ڣһͷϳһֻСǣӨһͷɫףʳľɫŮ
ˣ۰Ů˿֮Լ㱣
һƬռ֮ʱ֮۵֮Ӵʱ֮һ·ӿˮ֮ɫŮ֮ڡ
һ͸ˮҲޱȵĻԼصûɫŮڡ
͸ˮ֮ڵľɫŮ˿һ˿˿ã
ã˿棡
һסǵԴˮ΢΢һЦתطһöԴˮ
˿ºһЦ棬㻹רԴˮɣҸо鷳ɲС
ã
һС֮ڣһɹޱȵΪģ˷ϯȥ
ԴˮԴˮ
棡ƿ磡
ÿٶȣػһȺ

Ǹ֮УЩǱǿɫ䣬һһ⣬֮ȥ
һƿ֮󣬹رͨͨôǱǿ߾ͻΪȫƿء
һ
һɫĹâھʱ֮ʮĵطͣ£¶˶ħ֮ʵӰkĵʱ֮ŷŭޱȵĻ棬
ǰʥĶħ֮ʵֲף氵˵İʥǿߡkȫĻԼߵĸ֡һıԴ֮ôʥʿǿսҲǰܶʤ١
Ϊǿð֮УȽյص˶˸ΣաͬһջҲԶҪöࡣ
ǻʱ֮֮еʿǿ඼طֻǵkǶԸ⵱Ǹͷ񣬶˳ͷʱ֮ػܾˣһСС
棬Ҽסˣ
Ƕħ֮һۣвһ䣬΢΢һΣһħһַ˼ٶȴ֮ʧ


976 װʥ
֮̾һ䣺һ˲ļһصˣ
ӽ֮ߴһ˻ƵϣǴﻹ뿪
֮뿪Ϊᣬ˫Ǿ̫޴ˡ
һǿԴˮʱʮǿҲͬӵԵ㡣֮Ը䵱вĴڣᡣ
ǣ
һâ΢΢һ֮һб׷׻һʧ
ǳ֮ԶԶǱ鲼ǿյ弶ս֮һĨ֮ɫٶ̫ˣʿڣǿ£µĸҲȹȥǿ̫ˡ
ǽ׵ķ֮ǿᣬԶԶ˵ԤϡͬʱҲûԤϵ澹Ȼܹ˶̵ʱô죬һ·ӵʥػʱֿ֮ʱۼرʱ֮顿ŪУĵԴˮ
ǳŮ߰ɣ
ǳ֮΢΢ͷ΢΢һΣһʧ
һȦȦʱʱΪģ˷ɢȥ
Щеſսػɫ΢΢һ䣬׷Ͷأ֮У
һʥػɫ΢΢һ䣬粻˹ϵԼȻ鼸ɱ֮弶սԼԽԽӲĽף΢΢һ̾
溣ϵػǶɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴ˳ӵһ
Ǳ鲼֮е弶սҲֹͣж֮С
һǿ־ޱȵǵԴˮ֮ûڣĹڵľŸС֮ڡ
ǿޱȵע֮£ڵľŸСڽøӵǿ
ŸСԶԶȲһǿ磡Ǹںϰɣ
һתطʼںڵľŸС硣
ǾŽ֮طڿٳŸС磬ǾŸС֮£õkͬ޵С
ǾŽ֮طȴΪѰҾŸСλֲ֮סһ棬ǿŸС磬ǿһС硣
Ž֮طͬҲҪŽһһȱĴ硣
ڣǾŸС粻ϵĽӽǾŸС֮ڣѣſޱȵѷ졣
ǾŸС֮еһ±γΪָӷ׵ľսɵһ弶̶ҪԱߡ
һǿޱȵķ弶̶Ҫֵ֮ѵʴ
ǾŸСһӽĸСֱûĿٳĵһС磬ݻΪ˷ˮĴʯ
һСգ̫һСգСֱɢϸСǳ
濪ٳĵһʱؿѡХ淭ڡ
λ汾ԴڻȸԾ˷츲صı仯ԴԴϵĳȡŵԴˮűĳɳ
һޱȵĹŴɢ䡣
ЩޱȵĹһɢϣһЩʯ飬ʱ΢΢һֱӿѣ仯γһʯˡ
Щʯ֮Уÿһ̬еӢŮɢһֲֿޱȵϢ
΢΢һ弶ҪصķЩ弶սˡĻסعȻɳ֮еعꡣ
ǽһΣֱӷɵǰûڣٵ磬ޱȵĹꡣ
ޱȵĹ֮£סĻסع׵弶ս˫һӿԵĹԣӵԼꡣ
Щ弶սҲ׷ӵԣһ±ӵսˡ
һѾڽԵعҫս˲Χͬ飬һµʮعס
棬ΰĴڣ
ǽ΢΢һ仯һ±ΪһʮףСɫһͷڷɢһɼʵľɫŮ
棬ΰĴڣ
Ļ΢΢һ仯һ±ΪһһңķԸУü֮޾Ȼ֮ľɫŮ
棬ΰĴڣ
һʮعҲ仯ΪһɫŮڵϣ档
һ飬ᰴ־͡ұϲŮǲŻ仯ΪŮȡҡô˵ѩšʯҲΪϲŮľ֮£kǲŮԶԡ
һɨһ弶սתγɵĹˣʱӿһ˿
ѩšʯĵżȻҲǱȻϲռǿŮΪԼĲ¡֮£ѩšʯǿĴڲŻŮԡ
ǽ׵ս˱ûԱ֣֮ڽعϴ֮󣬱ܵĸӦ־kǲŻĽΪŮȡ档
濴ٶܹϴ弶սˣһĨ֮ɫȻǵʵûб仯Ȼҵܳʼ֮ϴԣkǵĽͻӵ޵ĿܡҲɳȥָӸֶս
ھŸС϶Ϊһµĳʼ֮ӵʯӵñûĻ˵ꡣ
ͬǳʼ֮֮µ壬κα˼kǽΪҳϵĿͽ
ǾŸһǵԴˮ֮УȻӿ޾һͻƽ׵ʿ۷壬ͬʱһ̤˰ʥ֮
ʥ֮󣬱ϵֹͣ˶ǵԴˮļȡҪʱһεս
ǽǵԴˮֱӽʥʿڸȵ֮£Ҫ״ʥǿߡʿʵۼǿ߾ͻͨʥʿѰٱֹ
ܹ֮ͻͨʿһӶͻƵƿΪÿһߵʮСģȸ֮ǰӵ9ʡԴҪô죬Ҳûô򵥡
Ӧŵһ˿֮̾ǰʥ̫ˣ
ѩһһĨ磬һ滳У磬ڽװʥˡ̫ˣ
ʯҲȻһЦһĨ˹磬̫ˡ
Զأ֮УֻʥʿĲֵܹԼˡҪʥʿûô򵥣
§סʯǹ⻬֮һڣ΢΢һЦ
ʱ֮ĵԴˮӵмȫ׳Ϊʥʿǵʱ֮۵ĵԴˮʥʿͻΪʥʿ֮ʮͨĴڡ
ҪΪʥʿ֮еľǿߣͱͬǶħ֮һ㣬ڰʥ֮۳֮Ľ


977 
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ɷشʥǿߴ֮Ǿվһߵ˿һ
ΰˣ
һʱ֮溣ǿǷ׷˿һ
˿Щʱ֮ػǣ֮һĨӵĹâһ̾
Щػȫʱ֮ػʱ֮塣
֪ȥư֮λʱֻ֮ʣЩһʥʿûСҹȥѡ¶ʱⳤ֮лɻң˿г˸п
˿ɣ
ǣ
ʱ֮֮еǿŴӵվ𣬹վ˿ߣг˿Ⱥͳ֮ɫ
ʱ֮ݵΨһ񣬶˿ʱ֮۵ΨһŮ֮ŮҲʱ֮ݵĶ
Щʱ֮İʥǿҲѾ֪Ѿƿ磬ǿȵڽ̳֮£ȻѡЧ˿
ã棬ʽҽһ¡ʱʳһŮ˿ʱ⡤סΰʱ֮ΨһŮܸʶ
˿һ࣬ɢһɸ߹ʥϢ¶һŵЦݡ
ҲһЦãǲ֮λߴ鳤֮һսħ档ܸܹʶ㣬Ĺ£
˿֮һĨ֮ɫʵ壡ʣھʧѾȥˣ
ΰʱ֮ʧѾǧʮˡȻֻǸʷϿ֤Ʋ⡣
˿ü΢΢һ壬һ̾Ѿȥôôͳβ֮λһ壿һΰĵۼǿߣ
ͳβ֮λ塣ڵۼǿߣĿǰЩϹŶǶʱĳ֮гߵȴѸյʱ
Ϊߴ鳤֮߻ܶšʮ֮УӵвʮʿʵۼĿֲѾȷϻš
ЩʿʵۼĿֲڶطԼӡҪѣҪһβ̵ʱ䡣
Ѫλĵһ棬ǴӹʱϹ𣬵kһֱڡ
ԴӰڽ֮֮ѪλĵһͼټȫޡڶʿʳkҲûԳֱ
ЩʿʵۼĿֲ˵ûʲôȽ߸ҪkҪǿսֻܹؼʱղС
ʿڵ棬ٵƽҲڼǱ治ϱøǿܹɵǿߵȼҲߡ
ٵ֮ǰЩʿʵۼǿֱӸգôûһ죬ҪĺԴάԼĴڣÿһ죬kǶꡢʮ
ܼԽߣܹɵǿԽߡʿڵߣʱƣܼԽԽֻܹͣʿʵۼǿߡִһʥʿǿ߶ǧѡĻʿʵۼǿ߶ֻܹ˯
ֻ֮ıϱȫ飬صʽʼ໥֮Щʿʵۼǿ֮󣬲ܹһʱ֮ڷӳǿսҰѷʱٵʴ
˿֮һĨ֮ɫ壡û뵽Ǹ۵徹ȻԳɳΪİ壬޳
ڹʱһֱǿĸūʳߡ˿徹ȻΪͺñȵ˿ͨĳèȻΪһ㾪ȡ
΢΢һЦʱ֮Уûʲôܵġ˿£׵ģ
˿üͷ΢΢һ壬֮һĨ֮ɫһ±ʮ䵭ʲô
̹Ȼ⣬ϣõkһĵۼر
ǵۼǿ֮УøаеĻὫԼΪһ壬Լ磬Լһ𣬶һеǿڵԼȻӵо޴ϵȴԼ
ʱ֮Ȼʱ֮ڵȴʱ֮۵
ʱֲ֮ĵۼǿУһƳһֲ֮ĵۼر
˿䵭Ҳ㣬ô
΢΢һЦɣΰʱ֮۶жҲ顣Ҳϣkҵ˵С
ʱ֮۵ָ㣬ʱİֻҪʱ䣬ʱ֮۵аƿΪءµİ塪ʱ塣
ʱ֮۵ΨһһŮҲ֮Ϊѣǿȸı־
ˣͶֽ˿ֱѹȻһֶΣȡʱ֮λáϾǿһʿʵ۵źһʷǿʿʵۼǿ֮һ
˿ģֻҪԸҸǩԼk;Բ˵С
΢ЦǾûˣǴǸһ뿪
˿֮һصĹȻһЦҸ뿪Ҳ뿴ڵױʲôˡ
Ǿ߰ɣ
һ߱һͨĴš
һֱӷһͨĴ֮ڡ
һһȴţһ̻Իͣޱ޼ʵľ޴һеǰ
֮ڣżĸ嶥ǿߣЩǿߵĿⶼļϡ
һʱ֮һ·չΣ֪õ˶ٺô滹ƿʱ֮磬ʱ֮֮йǻǵۼرʱ֮顿ЩʿǿΪ֮
棬ʱ֮лõĵۼرȻ󳼷ңҵĲ£Ҿ£ư棬֮󣬻Ϊ֮ʣΪεĲºһͬ棡
һħһڶħҫǻڰܵڰ˵Ķħ֮д˰һ
ǸʿǿһǶħ֮ʣɫ䣬˵һߣг˼ɵη塣
Ƕħ֮ȻֻǰʥѾ۳˲֮ټϵk츳氵ľߣŶֺڰϵİ壬ǹͬ޵еĿֲڡ
û㹻ǿǿ赲Ŷħ֮ʽĽŲֻҪkɳʱԴͻᵮһֲ׵ĺڰϵʿʵۼǿߡ
֮ĶŶħ֮ʣ֮һ˿浮ＶеĹ氵ľߣǿ£
ǽ֮ʿǿİʥ֮һ츳ףѪҲޱȣӵнΪʿʵ۵һ˿ϣ
ǽ֮һǶħ֮ʣƾ豾ܾ֪ȻͬΪʥǿߣʵԲǶħ֮ʵĶ֡


978 
ħ֮ĶǶħ֮ʣżɵ֮ɫħ֮ʣ氵ľߣһµļһ
ħ񱦵֮мطֻҪѹһħ֮ʣħ֮пǶħ֮ʵһУΪһħ֮ʡֻǾħ֮һһǶħ֮Ҳûκΰա
Ƕħ֮Ķ棬˫֮иֳصӡɭޱȵвľأ棬ǳңͬһ㱻
ħ֮ʣҪɱңδǸ£
濴Ƕħ֮һۣһЦһɰʥĿֲ֮ķ
ʥȻ׳Ϊ˰ʥ
ʥôܣôܽʥ
ǰǽֻ溣ǿߵΪôΪʥ
ô죬ѵ¸𣿡

Ը֮ǿǸӦİʥֲʱɫ䣬棬ž֮ɫ
ڲ֮ǰ滹ǻʵ溣ǿߣڣȴѾΪ˰ʥĿֲǿߡֽٶȣֱŵ˼㡣
֮֮һĨ𺧻ʥÿµٶȣ֮ӣ
ǳŮĶ棬֮ɣʥȻΪ˰ʥ
ʿڵ֮Уÿһʥʿһϵػײ뿪Լ塣
һЩʥʿʥʿ֮н̶ֻͨȣڵkڵλ棬֮ļӳ֮£Կʥǿߡ
ʥʿ׳֮Уǿ߾ǰʥǿߡ
ʿʳҲǰʥǿߡȻʥǿ֮УҲŵȡľżȻΪ˰ʥô;Բǰʥ֮Щڡ
ܺãܿԣûпı£
ħ֮һЦħ裬һ̽һץ
һɲ֮䣬Ȼһ
޾ĺڰи
һ̺аħħħõа񳬷ľ޴ǳ޾Ķ⣬ݻΪһʴһСۻһеĹ磬ѹȥ
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ɺ·һеаһ޾ǳֱɣתеа
Ȼ֮䣬ɺһģӲһų޾ǳֱ顣
һų޾ǳݺݺȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ָһţһɴȻ֣ǳ޾ۻǳϯȥһͽۻǳֱɡ
ɴշһʣһۻǳһĽʳƬ
һۻǳ̺֮ŵĿֲۻ֮ɰ嶼תõķʽǽkֱӽ顣
ħ֮һЦһĨ֮ɫ棬һǿļһ棬ܹҶֵˣֶһ֮ǰСˡ
Ƕħ֮һۣĹâ΢Цħ֮ʣͬһǿļһ
һ·֪˶ĵر䡣Ҳ˾żеȣھŴںϡһΪʥ֮󣬾һԾΪʥǿߡ
Ȼˣû۳֮ǰһһȻûаսʤǶħ֮ʡǶħ֮氵ľߣϾĴڲͬkʾѾﵽ˾żϵȣǱֲĳ֮һ
ƴĻ߸ơǿꡣǶħ֮ûκΰ֣Ҳоųɵļʻܵkһɵİսkֱѹ
ħ֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һЦܺã棬Ӯҵأҽᶯһֶɱ㣬棬ʱսɣ֮ƴܾˣֻװױЩ
ħ֮ʮ棬ȴkҪɱ档Խ͵ĵˣԽ߾һȫɵԷǴ󲿷ֿʿʵ۱ǿߵ̬
΢Цã
֮Уƣǿ꣬ʥǿ߾ͳʮ
ħ֮ǿｻܾˣЩԸ󶥼ǿ߾Ի侮ʯֽǸɵ
֮ǳ֮ѣ׽ϣڱϵˡϿӵһʱĵۼرʱ֮顿ǿʿʵۼǿ߶Ϊ֮ĵı
ǵۼرջ֮£ܵѶΪջͷԷ裬ֲصĴ¡õİ취ǲµĻᡣ
벻õĶħ֮ʣȻһʿ޴룬һ
һļ֮Ȼ
һޱȵļ֮˷̺һ˿˿Ĳ˸˭
ҵϣܺã˼ʶһҵ
Ƕħ֮ʺȻһתһòףͷϳֻǵʿǿߣһЦħצһ̽ʿǿߺݺץȥ
һۻһУʴһеĿֲǳȻ֣˲佫һʿ˽ȥ
ң
ŮһǸֲǳҡһ䣬һͷ峤ߴףɢšǿ󡢸߹ϢԶۻ֮
ǿۻһУʴһеĿֲǳʴ֮£һͷ߹Ƭ࣬ãŧҺɽޱȵĲҽ֮
ס֣ħ֮ʣſҵӣҺ㲻ݣ
һʥԶŻƽһĨŭɫҡһ䣬һ±仯γһ峤ߴףͷ­ͷƽ
ͷƽͷſһ磬һ̺ű֮ı硢һ̺Ź֮Ĺ֮һ̺Ŷ֮ľ綾֮⣬Ƕħ֮ʺݺݺȥ
ͷƽʥְ֣壬Ȼ޷ְںϣְһ𷢶ֲףȫشͬ׵İʥǿߡ
Ȼҳ֣޲ɼ
ħ֮΢΢һһĨ֮ɫһָһף̺źڰĺڰâǽȻڵkǳ
Ǳһ´Ǿâǽ֮ϣǾâǽ֮Ⱦһ˪ǹ֮һһ˪֮ϣǱ˪ͬâǽһͬᴩǾ綾֮һ˳ǸŶħ֮ʺȥ
Ƕħ֮һЦһҫһɹ׵ɷһ˲䣬жϱ綾֮Ůһ³ڵkǰ
һ綾֮˲һͷŮ֮ϣӲĽһͷŮʴһ롣

ͷƽʥ˫۳죬һ·һŭޱȵĺ֮
Ǹ͵ϮҵĻ񣡡
һӰ΢΢һһ³ͷƽʥͷ­֮ϣɭһЦת㲻壬һںɰ塢ݺݵĺͷƽʥͷ­֮ϡ


979 ɱʥ
ͷƽʥķֱֱɡӵпֲռиȻѹ֮£һıƬƬѪֱա
ͷƽʥ洳ʱ֮֮ǰ;ϲ⣬͵Ϯ档
ȻõᣬȻҲŹɵͷƽʥĴûᡣ
ͷƽʥͷ­һ飬Ȼ֮䣬һͷ­˲ըѣγһɿֲ籩Ĺͳͳ顣
һƽͷ­ĻƽͷƽĲ֮йɳӲıܹǾɱһ
˫ͷƽʧȥһͷ­Ҳɰʥ͵ʿ۷֮
ɲ֮䣬һɫĹâ΢΢һתٶȰʹŮѩű˫ͷƽǰݺһ̺壬ն˫ͷƽͷ­֮ϡ
棬ҪϾɱΪ𣡣
˫ͷƽһ·һ춯صһͷٴըѿӴޱȵĻƽһ»ֲ籩ӲĽʹŮѩֱӺɡ
ǿֲޱȵ籩֮Уһֻһͷ­ĻƽȻɳϢȴѾ͵ʿ֮
һɲ֮䣬ʯһģһ³ͷƽʥ֮ǰݺһȭͷƽʥͷ­֮ϡ
㣡Ҳ
ͷƽʥݾ֣ޱȵĲҽУͷ­Ӳըѿһöʥһ·ʯС
ͷƽʥ⵽ش֮ڱ䡣
һâһǾ޴ͷƽǱֱ
һʥͷƽѪӵо޴ļֵ
ǽ΢΢һһ³ǰ޶ܣޱȵĹâ
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ʥȻɵˣ
ÿµ棡Ȼɳز
ȻܹɵʥŸոսʥôô£

Щʿǿǿͷƽʥ͵Ϯɱвһ
ЩҪû͵Ϯ˵ǿǿ֮󣬲üͷ΢΢һ塣
ǽ׵ԷۣѾһЩСʥʿȻڴ˵ػʿʥǿߣҪƵkķûô򵥡
ЩʿʥĿֲǿߣȼԼԴֲޱȵͬпܽǽ׵ķơЩʿʥǿʱ֮̺ôģֲƴģȻû֡
棬һȺŮˣȤҲӦѧϰһЩȤŮͣ
ħ֮Ŀѩʯһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ۻаûŮڡ
һŮһŤһ岻İһŤ޾ĺڰɡ
ʮ֮һòԸУɢһϢľɫŮһ³Ƕħ֮ʵߣֵһЦȣˣ
ÿ£
ħ֮ʣ氵ľߣ̫ˣ
壬Ȼǿ嶼޷ֵkʴk̫ˣ

صʿǿ߿һͷŮȻһ±Ƕħ֮תʴʱһɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ĲϽǸߵĽֶȴԽԽ١ǰͨҺ̬ҩܹ͵塣ǶԸ溣ϵǿߣҺ̬ҩѾЧ
ʿǿߣǵkǲԸ⿪Լ꣬ӡȵkǿ࣬Ҳ޷Ƶkǡ
Ƕħ֮ʾȻܹúڰʴʿŮ꣬ӲĽתΪԼūֱͣš
Щصʿʥǿ߿Ƕħ֮ʣȻɵη塣
µĹ
ħ֮ҲͰˡkϾڰľߡ棬һͨ࣬ôô£
棬kѾ˽ޣͻ˾ż֮Ǳʿʵ۵ǿߣ
ѵֻᵮһʿʵۼǿߣѹ𣿡

һӸĿ׷׼ħ֮ϡ
ٶȣ̫ˣ
һޱȵĿĶ棬ޱȵĶ⡣
ޱĿǿ΢΢һɨ
ЩֹʿʥǿһͷƤ飬жһĨɵ֮ɫ
ûһʿǿ߸Ҷ֡
֮Уȫȥ磬߻ֻҪɱܡ
֮֮Ц⣬һĨʥ棬㻹Ȼô̵ʱ֮ڽ׳Ϊʥϲ㣡
΢ЦҶѣʱ֮ĵԴˮҲûôͻƵʥ֮
֮˿һۣ΢ЦãǽɻʳĽ֮ôƺ
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ʼˣ
˿ϣĿһ˴֮ڣһˮǽ֮ϣ֮һĨ֮ɫ૵
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һѵ֮УһˮǽһıѣһɫɽȻ˵ǰ
һɫɽɽ֮ϣһŸߴʮףʮƬҶöɫʵС
ʱ֮Ȼһʱ֮۵С
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ʱ֮Ǿǡʱ֮
Ǿʱֻ֮Ҫһžܹʱⷨ򡣳ԹſžͿʱʱ֮
ʱ֮ӵǿʣʱ֮ⷨ

һ̰ޱȵĿһ¼ǡʱ֮ϡ
ʱⷨʱ֮ΪءķԼ塣ʱֻ֮Ҫ̷һöܹʱ̷ⷨöܹʱ壬ǿʿʵۼǿ߶Ϊ֮ı
˴ʿʵۣÿһ֮еţ֮еĹܹʱ塿ģҲֻʱ֮һˡǡʱ塿Ѷ֮󣬿֪
һտռаһץֱ˺գ֮ǡʱ֮ڵλֱץȥ
տռаû谭ȫʵսռ䷨ԽǧｫkҪĶץС
һаһ̽Ȼɫ䣬һһʱ֮УͷףɱԪһʧꡣ

һаʱŭһһ顣
һâҫһʿǿ߷׷šʱ֮ɽ֮Ϸȥ
Ҫȥӡһʥħ񣡵kû
ж˿ɫ䣬һץסֱۣе
ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫʥħ񣡣
ʥħʥʿĿֲڣÿһһػӵпֲ׵Ȼаִ⡣


980 Ļôʥ
ʮֹϵĴ֮ǳ֮Ǳ߷ӡһʥħ񣡡
֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬αˣһ³ߡ
ǳ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬֮иֳӡɽڵķһۣԥһ¡kûɽ֮Ͽκηӡ
ǳ֮˿棬΢΢һҲαˣǳŮߡ
ʿǿҲ˿ĻֻЩǿһʵսطһɽûзκ֮󣬶һһɽȥ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһ뵶ۣͷ֮ĸӬһ㸴ۣףһӬǿһ³ǡʱ֮ǰ̰֮ɫǡʱ֮ץȥ

һ۶ɣ·ûʵһԪһŭһָһޱ̺ŷ֮ľ޴Ȼ֣˲Ϣ֮նӬǿϣӬǿ߻ֱնƣӬǿնˡ
һ̺Ŷ֮ľ綾֮ȻһºӬǿϣkֱӸʴֳ
һֻҫ̫̫ûһӬǿߵϣһݻγһֲֿĴգӬǿȫɡ
Ǻ󷽵ǿΧ֮£Ӭǿ߽˲ͱֱӺɱ
һӰȻӬǿ߱Ӱ֮˳ǡʱ֮ץȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һɫӴ֮еһ´Ӱ棬һ͸ȫεĴֱӳ˳
ǸǿޱȵĹһºεǿ֮ϣǿֱӺƬ
Ϊǡʱ֮ʿǿֶξĹӽʱ֮ǿǡ
һһʿǿֱ߱Ӻ飬Ѫء
Ȼüͷ΢΢һ壬Щԣkô޴
Щʿǿ߶֮еľӢһƳϵϹ
ֻжħ֮ʡܵˡ˳ǿ߲ܹʥ֮
ʱһĻ׷ֳ͸˫֮һĨһ˿˿ŤĻùâҫһֿԸ֪Ļֱ֮ա
һӿһëȻĸоùĻkǾȻȫ˷
ʿǿÿһ֮оӢ֮еľӢ֮еš
ʥʿǿ߿ɱʿǿߣҪϢͨЩʿǿȴϼѡ
˿һĨ֮ɫɽ֮бӡĻôʥkóľյ飬ŴеЩǿǱ᡾ʱ켺ͷͷĻôʥգܹͬľżһЩǿߣ
üͷ΢΢һ建ʥkôû
ǧʱⳤӳˢ֮£ʿʵۼǿ߶긯ֱ࣬䡣ĻôʥȻû䣬ֱš
˿֮һĨ֮ɫkҸ磡
һ仰еʡʱ֮۵ĿֲֶΣȫ˴ǧǰֶΣȻ۾ʱߡ⡢ʯ޷״̬
ǵkǵĵ˻ѣ
˿֮ų֮ɫһһҵĸʱ֮۾Ϊģҵĸ׾Ǳɱ˶ԣϣܹɱ
ʱ֮ȫʢ֮ʱѹ˼ʿʵۼǿߣư֮λ棬޵еĿֲڡĿֲڣں޷֮£ͬᱻʥǿߴɱرǸɱǵk۰Ķӣָʾͻ
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Щһǰɫɽ֮ϣһɫɽһ·ǰɫɽʴȥ
ס֣ϣ
ǰɫɽ֮Уһ±һɿֲ׵ʥӲĽ߷׷ɡ
ʥǿߣ
ʥʿ
ʥǿߣ

ЩʿǿһӦһʥ׷˹΢΢һΣɽ֮ϣȥ
Щʿǿÿһӵо춯صĿֲʵʥʿǿҲ޷Իkǵǡղŵkһɽ֮ϣǱĻôʥϢķŴԼеŷ໥ɱһӦʥʿĿֲȻһ˹
СӣҪߣΪһָĶʳɣ
ǰɫɽ֮Уһ񡢱Ŀֲһˣɿ̳ɡţ̺ʻʢƮ֡嶥ŮȻ֣˲佫ʿǿȫС
һɲ֮䣬ʿڵǿʧ֮У壬һ±סһ׵ľɫˡ
ʿǿҲһ֮ɫ
һĻһЦһ
˿Ͼӡô꣬ӲҲȻ顣
ӡࡣпһ־ǽ˷ӡںڰ֮Уȴѵʶ޾ĺڰ֮й¶һ˼žڡǾһпĿ̡ͨ˱ӡһͻᷢ衣
ĻôʥӡһǧѾһӣʧȥǻֻۣƾ豾ܵǿս
ħ֮һĨ֮ɫȡһöɢʥرħ顿Լüһ
ǡħ顿֮һ¸ֳӡûħ֮ڣõkһ˲һף̺ʥʿĿֲħ
ҿ
ħ֮һŭ𣬺ݺһȭǸʿǿ߳ٵ֮ϡǿֲһ½Ǹһ󶴡
ħ֮΢΢һΣֱӴǴ֮зɳ
Ҫסңûô򵥣
ħ֮һЦָһţʮöɢʥرԲȻϳ˲Ǹ֮ըѿ
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һһıը֮УǶʮʥرԱĿֲǸĻ֮ըü¶һ޴ĶѨ
ħ֮ɾʹһ޴ĶѨ֮зɳ
ѣ
֮Ŀȡһʥر֮һնһɫĵݺݵնǸ֮ϡ
ǻɫĵ·һ쫷磬ĵطһͳͳţǸҲ֮նһ޴ѷ졣kһΣǸ֮зɳ
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ʿߴ鳤֮ʱ֮ޱ飬һȭһɰԵףѹһеĿֲӲĽǹĻ֮һֲĴ󶴣׾ٵĴǴ֮зɳ
ǻ֮֮ڣһǿǷ׷ʩչԼɱﵣͬʱֲ֣ӲĽǴʥǿݻɵĻֱ֮Ӻơ


981 ʥԱ
һޱȵĴִ֮Ȼͬˮһһʿǿϯȥ
һʿǿ߱ǹĴһ̣ʱ֮иֳޱȵӡ˫һʧȥ⣬˻֮С
ֻһ˲䣬жʮһʿǿΪĻôʥū
ֻΨһĹޣ
һ֮ɽ֮дһɫɽϵĲѩʯһ߸ߴǧףͷϳһֻСǣһͷɫڣɱ񣬻ֳͷ­аħ
һȦȦҡа񡢹졢ֲĲһͷаħ֮
濴Ļôʥüͷ΢΢һ壬һ̾仯kڰȫʴǣ
Խǽ棬Ҫһͻʮѡ
һЩǿĴǰ·ͻиָΣյĳԺ͸졣ĻôʥȻ뾡취һΣޱȵĺڰڣһͬǺڰʴӡ
ڰ˸ָ˶ħ֮ܵ氵˵Ĵ֮⣬ǿҪպڰ⼫ΪѣвͻᱻǺڰʴֹӡ
ħ֮ĿĻôʥһۣһĨȵĻ棬棬ָɵkô
Ļôʥȫʢʱ򣬶ħ֮ʡȥҲֻǰװĻôʥӡ£ʵûȫʢİٷ֮һĻôʥҲѾǴңֻƾ豾սȫɥʧ˴ʥսʶ
ĻôʥȻȻʮΣգȴ˱ɱĿܡ
Ŀ˶ħ֮һ۳ãսƷô֣
ħ֮¶һЦݣȻǸƾֶΣ
һĨâһΧһ¸ֳһУعҫսȻɳγһֲޱȵĻеš
ħ֮һЦһ¸ֳӡһڰסڰĿֲȻ֡
һһʴĶħȻɳһ֮Ƕħ֮ʵ߱㸡ֳʮʿĶħ
ĻôʥǴʥĿֲǿߣkѾΪ˽ֻƾ豾սĹǵkΧϷĸŤĻ֮⣬溣ǿ߱Ļ֮ɨУҲ񼤵һ·Ӳɡ
Ψʿǿֵ߲ܹĻôʥϷĻ֮⣬ǴʥǿߵĿֲ֮
ʿµǿҪĻôʥĴʥǿ߿⣬Ψлһܹʥرƴһʥرпk⡣
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ħ֮ĶĻôʥһĨ֮ɫĬģһ¸ֳعĺɫӡ
ʮʿĶħҲĬģϸֳصӡħ֮һ·
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һ׵ľ޴ͷͷɣһ˿˿ڰһ׵ͷ֮֯γһޱȵĺɫס
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һʿǿһ¸ֳһķ֣Ȼһ˲׷ױǹͷһҧ飬ֱɡ
ǶʮĻôʥݵʿǿ߼ǵkĳìҲǵkĶƣkֱӸɵͻĻôʥ
ħ֮ʵǿޱȣͬսҲḻޱȣһɱһʿǿߡ
һĻеһΧסʿǿ߷ɱ
Ļ֮ʿǿҲ׷׳֣ʩչַǶʮĻôʥƵʿǿ߷ȥ
ʿǿÿһĺ֮ЩƵʿǿ߸顣
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ĻôʥһңǴЩʿǿ֮ϵĴַһһʿǿ߾һ±ɸʬеѪ⡢궼˵k֡
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ɫȻ䣬һ¸ֳ֣һ¸ֳʥرɽضܡ
ǽֳ־޶ܣһ³ǰſ˷硣
ѩšʯǿҲһ˲صߣſ硣

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Щʿǿ˭û뵽ĻôʥȻԱһɫ䣬һ˲ſָķ硣
ĻôʥԱγɵĿֲڰ籩˲佫ʿǿͳͳɡ
һʿǿߵķַ׷飬ЩʿǿǶıǹֲĺɫâֱɡ
ǽſķҲǿֲĺɫâ˺飬еľ޶ܷ飬ܻҲһıѡ
Ǻڰâȫʧ֮ǽױֻʣһͷ­Ͱ壬֮ϵѺۣһ˿˿ޱȵĺɫâӵkĻ֮вϵĸ֡
ǽ׵ػ֮£桢ѩšʯǿֻ߽Ƿֱ˺ѣͬʱ޾ĺɫâʴ
˭Ļôʥ棡棡
ֻǱǺһ˲䣬ֱӻָѣоһ£Ⱦʵ߱شͻᱻȾ֪ͬĻôʥĸƷ
һԵѩšʯŮһֻۣʮɾͽǹĺ
ǿ֣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ĿΧһɨʱһĨ֮ɫ
ֻԲͬǿʿǿ߾а˳ɵڵϣӿһʹŤ˼㡣
ʱ֮
Ŀ΢΢һһǡʱ֮ĴڣһΣһ⣬Ǳըɵһߣȴ˿δġʱ֮ȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǡʱ֮ǰǡʱ֮ץȥ
棬Ȼ㣡ֻ䵱ҵĶ֣
һȻ汳һֻ̺ſֲڰħִŰԵޱȵȥ
һëȻΣԤӿͷȷԼִǡʱ֮Իᱻǹħֹᴩࡣ
ǧһ֮ʣбޱȣת㲻壬ڵ֮ĳȡֱ֮ӻһȭɴաǳռ֮ذݻγɵİ󻯣Ƕħ֮ʷȥ


982 ͵Ϯ
ȾһСʴһеħצǷһСһС˺һеȭͷһ𣬿ֲ׵ĳ˷ȥ
ɾǿģռ̮Ť飬ѷͬһ˷ϯȥ
Ƕħ֮һ±ɶʮҲӲıɳʮ๫Ѫڣʹ
һ˿˿׵ĺڰһ˷ʴȥ΢СһĴڶᱻǹ׵ĺڰʴǶħ֮ʵū
Ƕħ֮ʣ治氵ľߡ
һĨأһһɺ£ĺڰȫɡ
ʮʿĶħͬһʿŮʱѾͣΧסѩšʯѩ˽Ų
ʮʿĶħÿһ𶼲ѩŵĶ֣ʮʿ֣Ǹֲֹķ໥֯ԼμӲĽǿߵס
ħ֮ʾӸ£޾İһЦ棬Һ㣡ڻҵĶ֡ߣһԷһ·ɳһսʱս򣬽֮ء
ħ֮ʣʵĿǰȷʵʤҰҿɲһս
һЦûаη壬һ¸ֳУعҫսȻɳγһֲ׵ĻеţŶħ֮ʷȥ
ħ֮һĨŭȵ棬ѾһʱۼرҪǡʱ֮𣿡
նȻͨ۷ĵ·Ҫ޾ԴÿһᡢÿһԲܹŹпִܵ۷壡
ǡʱ֮ʿʵۼǿ߶ãıǡʱ֮пʱ壬ߵ֮һĵرһŹͼٴλõĿܡ
Ȼˣȥ
ħ֮һĨ֮ɫָһţʮĿʥرħ顿ȻɳһޱȵĽǶȣû˵k䡣
ǡħ顿Ƕħ֮һ͵ľرҲ氵γɵĿԽʥرһħ֮ʽ׳ΪʿʵۼĿֲڣֻҪkĺԴԿԽħ顿Ϊۼر
ǡħ顿һûڣǶħ֮ʻһ¸ֲֳӡ޾ĺڰͨ˽ֻǿϵkһۣᾫңԴըѶ
Ƕħ֮һǣһ±һߴףſŶħ֮ӡĿֲħһ˿˿ʥʿĲϢǶħ֮ʵ֮лѹķ
ĿǶħ֮һۣһĨ֮ɫʥʿǶħ֮ʣ氵ľߣ֮еĹֲʿʵۼǿ߶kش
ǰʥǿʥʿ֮Ĳ࣬ǵɿԽڲ֮λʷ֮Уͼʿֶսʤ߼ʿӡǰʥǿսʤʥʿȴǷëǣ֮١
˴ʿʵ֮УҲֻʱ֮֮ħ֮ǿڰʥ֮沫ɱӲնɱʥʿǿߣûнʥʿ֮ǰͬЩʥʿ׷ɱǱӴܡ
桭
Ƕħ֮ոտڣʱɫ䡣
ȥȥȥҵѪ⣬Ϊҽȥ
ǼĻôʥԱ֮ʱȾʴʿǿߴʱѾһ˫۳죬Ǵңޱȵĺ֮߶Ƕħ֮ʺȥ
ĻôʥǴʥĿֲǿߣkԱȻûнʿһɱʥԱô򵥡ЩûеסĻôʥԱʿͳͳȾһĻôʥĸ塣
ڳ֮Уħ֮ɢΪֲЩĻôʥĸҲѡĿ꣬Ŷħ֮ʺݺݺȥ
ħ֮ʻħӿһŤ΢΢һΣҪ뿪˵ء
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Ŀ䣬Ĭģתռ壬Ƕħ֮һָ
Ƕħ֮ߵĿռȻ̻õk޷ͨռ䷨ɴͬʱ֮һ¶ռ֮УǶħ֮Ӳȥͻᱻռն顣
Ƕħ֮һĨ֮ɫԥһͷײǿռ֮ϡkǲ֮һ˲䱻ǿռն飬Ȼħ֮ϣѸٵĻָ
ħѪƬռֱɢ䣬ڵϣ˵档
ʿһһº˸գǶħ֮һëû˵
ʿ֣ʥʿҲԻܡشǻɱʿĻôʥȾ֮˶ڻججֻƾ豾µ״̬ҪɵǶħ֮ʣǳ˵Ρ
Ƕħ֮ʱܹʿǿһ֮󣬴һɿֲޱȵħ磬ȥ
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ǵǰعҫս˲ըѿ촷ۣ޷ֵħ֮һ˲
ǻԵعҫս˶ع׹֮£ӵ溣ֲսĴڡ溣ǿȫʥʿǰҲֻǿһЩϰˡ
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һɲ֮䣬Ƕħ֮ʱǰݺһצݻγһһеĿֲڰ磬գץȥ
ݱ䣬һǵۼرʱ֮顿Ȼ֣Ӵޱȵʱ֮һûǡʱ֮顿֮ڡ
ǡʱ֮顿һһ˿˿ŤʱⲨߵʱ٣һ±ûޱȡ
Ƕħ֮ʿ쵽㡢һеħצҲţ
΢΢һΣʮֹĳǡʱ֮ǰǡʱ֮ץȥ
֣ǲĶ
һᡢϡԼ޾ɱ֮Уһֻ̺һ˿ħ֮۴ӺȻ𣬴ſֲ׵ıȥ
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һĨŭɫһ±޾ɱʥرɽضܡȻɳ
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ħ֮ݺһȭǡɽضܡ֮ϣһǡɽضܡݻγɵɽֱӺ飬ǡɽضܡ֮ϣӲĽǡɽضܡͬһʮ
ħ֮һĨϧ֮ɫƤЦⲻЦɭޱȵ棬ˣᱦƾֶΣɲҪң
һ˲䣬ԭΧħ֮ʵĻеȻһתͷħ֮Լk׷ǿ߷Χ
ħ֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬棬㾹ȻҶҵ˳֣ѵҪ𣡣
һĨħ֮㾹ȻҶҳ֡Ѿ壡ҴУ棡
ħ֮һĨƾ㣡Ҳ壿޴ΪһԻʹʥں֧֣ĵ鳤ҸɣʵʲôǣֻһСˣ


983 
һ׵Ĳ΢΢һʱ֮˲ǡʱ֮ǰǡʱ֮ץȥ

Ƕħ֮ʴһɿֲ׵ħ⣬һɲ֮ʱ֮ǰһȭʱ֮ȥ
һһķâʱ֮֮и֣γһķ֡
һƽɫСܴʱ֮֮зɳӭǣγһ޴Ķεĵڵkǰ
Ƕħ֮һȭ̺ſֲ壬һ֮£еķͳͳһƽɫСҲǶħ֮һ֮ȫ顣
ʱ֮ɫ䣬αˣռ屬һŤĿռԼߡ
ʵʿᱻŤռָǣͬĹռ֮ڣ޷˺ʱֺ֮
ħ֮Ǿ춯صһȭŤĿռ֮ϣӲĽռᴩһصĺʱ֮֮ϡ
ʱ֮һһѪȫʧ
֮⣬һâ΢΢һγʱ֮塣ʱĵkѾ˺ۣ³Ѫˡ
֮˫һһŭһ¸ֳӡһʬ塢ǵĹڵkı֣һɹ졢ֲ˾֮ڵk֮
ֳ֮ʥرʥߵ㡿תطǶħ֮һָ
һ塢̺űضɵĻɫ֮Ƕħֱ֮ϯȥ
֮İʥǿߣkȫһʥʿǿҲò֮Ӳ
Ƕħ֮һЦĬģһָһǱضѵɷ֮£һģԭʧ
֮Ļɫ֮һޱȵǣ֮£һһʿǿϡ
һʿǿ߶ʱһҽУڣ𣬱һʬ
Ƕħ֮һģ֮ǰһЦһȭſֲޱȵ壬֮ѹ
֮ɫ䣬ſһ磬һħʥʬȻɳ޴ƣһġ
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ĺڰľߣҪ㣬ʵ̫ˡǵĿҲǻ㣡
һŵȻʮöξȻɳһڶħ֮ʵΧ
ʮöξһųޱȵĹâһߴξ֮зɳ֯γһ޴ӲĽǶħ֮ʷӡ֮ڡ
ħ֮һĨ񣬺ݺһȭ֮ϡ
ǷһСѹһУ̺һ˿֮ȭͷ֮ϣòϲһ˿˿˷ɢȥ
ûõģħ֮ʣʮöʥر¾γɵķӡÿһιᱻɢΪʮݣʮö¾ܡʮ֮ڣܻ
ħ֮һЦǡʱ֮ǰǡʱ֮ץȥ
ħ֮ħʳƿߣҲ̳ħʳǼ֮رر˵µһkҪǶħ֮ѶȣʱǶħ֮ʷӡֶȴǲȱ
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һһЦ֮Уһޱȵǳ֮Ȼħ֮ǰ΢΢һħ֮Ĵֱӵɡ
һǳ֮һ˲ǡʱ֮ǰγǳ֮壬Цǡʱ֮ץȥ
Ǹǳ֮⡾ʱ֮ҵģ
һɫĹâһԷֱӱ仯γɳΪ֮һģһȦȦĺɫȻǳֵ֮ɣǡʱֱ֮ץȥ
ǡʱ֮ʿʵ۶Ϊ֮ģıһǿʢĸǽ֮ǳ֮˽Ϊǡʱ֮ͬ໥֮᲻ݡ
ǽּ֮ǡʱ֮ǰһ˲䣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬һŤԭʧ
ǸʿǿߵĹһ½֮ԭڵȫ顣

ĻôʥʴȾʿǿ߷׷ʩչǿĹɱطЩûбȾǿǷȥ
ǡʱ֮Ȼųһ˿˿ޱȵʱȻ𣬻һ⣬Զȥ
Ȼû̫ǿǣϾĳֲkܵĸо̫Σգѡߡ
ǡʱ֮ϾֻһûоĴkķʥʿǿߵΧ֮£ͬпܻᱻֱӺ䱬
ʱ֮Уޱȵǿ߽kǵʱ򣬱ֱӺ䱬
ǡʱ֮ħ֮ڵķȥħ֮ʱһĨϲ֮ɫ帡ֳӡһ˲ΪһףĶӥӥ
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ħ֮һȣһޱȵ쫷紵һɫĹâ˺ڵkǰعҫսˣǡʱ֮ǰǡʱ֮ץȥ
һɫĹâһѩűħ֮󣬺ݺһ޾ɱħ֮նȥ
ħ֮˫һĨŭɫȻŤ仯ΪһߴףƵͷһŭһȭѹһеĿֲ壬ѩŷȥ
ѩαˣеĳϵĴ̳һ̺ĽϺħ֮Ĺ֮ϣɿֲϵ໥֯
ʯ֮һĨɱĬģħ֮һָһɫʯȻħ֮ϡ
ħ֮֮һ±תΪʯ飬ȫޡ
ǽһʮģӲĵס˶ħ֮ʵʮʿ£ѩźʯ˳
ħ֮־ŭǼɵǣ
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һ۵ʿһ³˺ֳۣΣʿĿֱֲѩšʯǿ߷ȥ
ʯ֮һĨâǰʥĿֲ˲䱬һģ˲һ߶ʮףһͷʿǿǰݺһȭͷʿͷ­֮ϣԵޱȵ˲䱬ӲĽͷʿħƬֻʣһöˡ
ʯɱͷʿ֮΢΢һΣһ³һ߰׵ľħǰһȭǾħݺݺȥ
Ǿħ˫۳죬ŭХһͬȭһ
ɾǿ˲һǾħһ±ɳ￪⣬ѣѪĽ


984 ѹħ֮
ʯһָһɫʯγɵĻɫâһǾħϣӲĽǾħתΪһʯ
Ĺ˲Ǿʯ֮ϣǾʯֱӺƬֻһö˲д档
Ƭ֮УĻеţЩеźĴݻһĵˡ
ħ֮һĨ֮ɫǿ£ôôǿĲ£
ǾħҲƵĿֲħս֮ǿ߾Ȼʯ׻ܣ˵ʯڰʥ֮УҲǳͣλڶĿֲڡ
ʱƬռ֮Уһ¸ֳһ޴ޱȵ񳲡
֮Уһֻֻޱȵ۾Ȼ֣ħ֮һһħ֮
ħ֮ʱһëȻĸоһŭһ±Ϊһһ޴ǣ峤ߴ׵Ŀֲħ
֮иֳĹĶħ֮һ׵ĹâЩ֮ʴһСŤһħ֮ȥ
ħ֮ľ޴Ȼɳ·ݻγһһ㣬ɽ͡󡢺ȸӰ˵kǰ
һŤ졢ɱĹâһºǸ֮УǸһͬĩһһı顣
ħ֮һ¸ֳһһ׸ڵkǳ
ŤĹâһǸ֮ϣʥر׸ֱӺѣ·ɽ
һƽɫĹŶȻħ֮ϷɳŤĹâһǻƽɫĹŶ֮ϣǻƽɫĹŶٴκ顣
һرϵĴħ֮ϷɳȻŤĹâ顣
Ǳ˴󲿷Ťâصĺħ֮֮ϣħ֮֮һºһ󶴡
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ħ֮о³ʵһɱ⣬г˱췢һޱȵĲҽС
ʱ֮棬ס֣ħ֮ߴ鳤֮һᱦｻҲˣҪɱ˵kҲֶֻܹкƲã
ħ֮棬ǹǲİӣɱ˵kΪʱ֮㾹ȻΪİ˵ѵҪ𣿡
ɱһֱӽһħ֮ϣĶʱ֮ɢŵĿֲɱ
ʱ֮ħ֮Ҳ⽫ʱ֮ʱ֮һС
ħ֮ĿһۣһЦӣɱôҵҪôճ
֮ҲĿһۣĬ
ǳ֮Ҫ˵Щʲôǿǻɱӿ·ȫ˵棬üͷ΢΢һ壬Ĭ
֮֮һ˿Σ΢΢һ̾ûǰֹҪɵħ֮ͷۣħ֮ħʳǵkﱻ˸ɵˡֻͻѡѡеˣͷۣ
ħ֮ղ͵Ϯ棬Ǵɱ͵ϮҪǿɱҪɱkҲȻ顣ħ֮ħʳҲħʳĴˣǽkɱ൱ںݺݵħʳһǶ⡣
ħʳǿ߾Բưոݡ
ʱ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬ʲô֤֤ħ֮ǹİӣ
ɨʱ֮һۣɱ˵kȻὫ֤ݽǣڣ죡
ʳ֮Уʱʳħʳáɻʳǳʳáʳħʳáʱ֮Ϊħ֮˵ҲȻ顣
֮Уһֻֻ׵۾΢΢һתεħ֮һ޾ɱŤâħ֮ȥ
ҪɱңͿûǸˣ棡
ħ֮һЦһһȡһħɢſֲϢĵۼرħӡ
ħ֮ʮھѪûǡħӡ֮ڣͬʱĳȡСעǡħӡ֮ڡ
һ֮䣬ħ֮ͱͷ׷
ǡħӡȻݻΪһǿħ磬ɢһ˿˿ֲĵۼһУѹ
弶սĹǡħӡ֮ϣһ˿޷
һܼ溣عҫս˷ǡħӡݻγɵȥϵԱγһĢơǽʮعҫս˵Ա޷ǡħӡĽֹͣ֡
ۼرȻףϧۼرʹõkˣȴ̫ˣ
Ƿ·ԻصĿֲһЦһۼرʱ֮顿ʱС
һ˿˿ʱǡʱ֮顿ϣٶһ¼ӿ屶
תɷһ˲䷢һеǡħӡһɲǣǰ̤һͬһ㣬ԳԽٶȰĿֲٶȣһɲ֮䣬ħ֮һצħ֮ȥ
ħ֮еڲݡħӡ֮ϣһ±ʮرԶķ֡
׾ٵĹᴩʮ֣ħ֮ڣӡ˲䱬ӲĽħ֮ڵȫӡ
ħ֮һж֮֮еġħӡʧȥҲѹһУɱһеĿֲܡ
عҫս˷ԱһĢƳǡħӡȥӲĽǡħӡֱɡ
ۼرȷʵһ˿ܣҲɱʥǿߣشʥʿǵۼرǰʥǿܹƿصıڷۼرʱǰʥǿȫں޷״̬һ溣ǿ߶ܹkɵ
һɫĹâһѩֱӳǡħӡϷһ̽ǡħӡץȥ
ǡħӡǵۼرܹkУͿһʵ
ǡħӡ΢΢һһһֻССӡһԶȥ
ѩ΢΢ɫ䣬ƾֱоΣգһƾǡħӡԶȥ
˲Ƶĵۼر֮⣬ۼرӵǣѡkԼˡûлЩۼرĳϣôǿ߸޷Щۼر
һץǡʱ֮ץУֱԼڵһӣǡʱ֮ʱסԼڣȻץħ֮ͬһһ㣬һû֮ڡ
ٴνĻһ·ֳһ룬ݺݵĴħ֮ڡ
ħ֮ħʳ֮㲻ɱkҲҪkһÿյkİѱ
ʱħ֮Ѿ;ƿݣĻײϵķŵkĵֿʴŵk飬ħ֮ܲھ͵ݿ֮ڡ
Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨϲ֮ɫȤû뵽ҾȻץһ㣡


985 ʥ
һɫĹâ֮ûѩšʯ˿Լս֮ϡ
һâҫЩǿ߶֮ڡ
һɢŹޱȵĲ룬֮У˺գһ·֮ڣԭʧ
ħ֮һĨâӵúÿ죬ùϣ
Ҳóˣ
ħ֮Ƕħ֮ڵķλһۣһӣһɫɴŵkֱһ
һĲҫħֱ֮ʧ
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֮һЦһ֮УԭʧҶˣҲɣ
ǳ֮΢΢һ̾һ»ǹ⣬ԭʧϧ
ʱ֮֮ûбĻôʥԱʿǿ߶ֱʵսطԭʧ
Ƕħ֮ʷط֮Ѿսʥʿ
ǽ֮ǿ߶õۼرħ֮ƴĻ֣ȷʵпܽħ֮ʻܡش
ûκ֮£֮ǿȻԵ޹ʶõۼرħ֮ƴ
ʱ֮ǱˣֻܹոЩһ
ħ֮ʧķһۣĿ΢΢һɨʿǿ֮пһۣ¶һޱȵЦݣ΢΢һΣһ⣬ʿǿֱӷȥ
һʥʿʿǿвҲᱻԷʹֹطشӡѹħ֮ǿǶʿǿߣҲֻ·һ
ʿĻôʥȾûججֻ֪ƾ豾սսҲƴط
Ƕħ֮һЩʿǿ֮УͬȺһ㣬һʿǿֱӸɵkǵһͳͳӶᡣ
ħ֮ʽ߾ȫʱսѾʥʿҪ۳֮֮󣬲пһһܵk
֮ڣͨһϸĲ鿴Ƕħ֮ʵľٶһĨ֮ɫ
Ƕħ֮ʴʿǿ֮У޼ɵķɱ¾ţһʿǿֱ˺ƬֶΣֱš
ʵ˿ʱ֮Уʲôıأ
һʱ֮УջԴرǵۼرʱ֮顿Լʱ֮ʿʵۼǿ߶Ϊ֮Ķıʱ֮ûʲôֵֵıʹ뿪
˿Ƕħ֮һָʱ֮Уıǡʱ֮ʱ֮顿ʱ֮硣֮⣬ǡʱ֮棬һأװħԼĵرܹɵkôܹǸأ
ĿǶħ֮һۻڻʱ򣬵۳֮kһս
Ƕħ֮ȫ֮ѾӵʥʿĿֲսǶõۼرkƴһսʤҲֻĳɣвп䡣
ʱЩܹħ֮һսǿ߲ߣһԣͼ̵Ƕħ֮ƴܾˣֻΪ˵Ķʳ
˿ʱ֮һۣһ֮̾⣬ʮʥʮʥʮʥʿǿĶӵеkǵĴкͱءǾ뿪ȥѰʮʥıذɡ
һâ΢΢һ񳲱ռз֮ѸٴУֱӴʱ֮ĺ֮ڳ롣
һĨϧ֮ɫϧҵʵһ㡣ܹսҾܹʱ֮ˡ
ʱ֮ĺӵǽ칬ĲϾƸֶرҪϡ
һâ΢΢һһ³ʱ֮֮һƬȺϷ
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ɨǱһۣһĨ֮̾ɫʮ֮ȪָĵرһεջǲСʥʿǿߵıء
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һƬȺɽ֮еĹ֮УһʳӴ˳ǽˡ
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Լʵ㣬ûǰʱĺΧ֮Ѱ֮£ޱȵĻһʥʿĴС
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ʿǸ֮лõı
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һһͷħһĨ˷֮ɫȻһնһ£̺һ˿壬գ溣ħնȥ
һͷ溣ħʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫʧе溣ڣôܣ㲻ʿ𣿡


986 𺧵ĻԻʹʥ
һħҫһɫâǽȻͷħǰ֡
ͬһһĵݺݵնǺɫâǽ֮ϣӲĽâǽնѿ˳ƽͷħһնأƬѪֱء
һشͷħɱɱӿͷħٴնһ
ΪսʿڶԵ֮ʱԲ顣
ס֣
һŭ֮Զһͷ峤ߴףɢŤɫʯ鹹溣ǿ߼ʯɫȻɳֲľβſֲ֮Լһ˿Ž˺ݺݺȥ
ãȻӵ֮Щ֮ǿߣ
ɫ䣬о״ʢĬģָһţһɫĹŶȻǰ
һɫĹŶһ֣ʱݻγһƬɫ絲ڽ˵ǰȻɫĹŶһޱȵ缶ر
رһʿϾǿСһϵλƶɵıÿһ缶رӵиԼΪֲĽ
һͷʯɫߵľβݺһɫ֮ϣֲ׵ӲĽɫ֮еһͳͳ飬Ƿ˵ɫŶɵһߣͬʱٴκݺһգŽѹȥ
Ŀ㣬ĶǷ·ضȫѹĿֲβеȫʧȻ𣬺ݺһ֮ɫβնȥֻƴȫܹпܻһ
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֮УȻһĮϵһֻ׵ľִݺһģͬĲӬһʯɫߺݺȥ
ͷʯɫſһ磬һɫ֮һֻ׾ֱӺȥ
ʯɫߵıܣһУʿǿҲᱻֱһ̯ˮʧȥֲޱȡ
һֻ׾֮һ¸ֳһɺ£ɫȫɣͬʱݺݵʯɫ֮ϣһͽʯɫĳ⽴顣
һֻ׾֣һĨ֮ɫκˣǿҲʱ֮۵֮ڻ˾޴ĺôñȹȥǿˡ
һâ΢΢һڽ˵ǰ΢΢һЦ溣ʿˣ󣡡
ЦҲ̫Զˡ
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ʮʥѾȥʮǡ㷨Ȼײϣ뿪˵ص˼
֮УӵԴĵرõĽֻһС֡ΪԼۼرʱ֮顿ѾУѾ㡣
֮ɫֱ棺Ҹһ뿪ջСҪǰ֮λúԼʵȻƽȵվߣ
Цãҵ㣡
һâ΢΢һһдԭʧ
ʮ֮һɰԵףȾһУʴһеħ֮зƬȺϷγ˶ħ֮ʵӰ
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ħ֮ʻħӿĿĮأ
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âȪۣγһѩ񣬻˽⣬òӢޱȵʱ֮ǿߡ
Բ𣬸סҲܵ˵ջΪ׷
ʱ֮ǿ˫֮󣬿Լ壬һֱ̾Ӵ˫֮вϵ£ء
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Щ֮ðյʿʿ֮еľӢħǿߡǶ׸оı仯ɫ䣬ʩչַ֮ȥ
磬Ȼ֮䣬һռѷȻ֣񳲴ǿռѷ֮һ·ɳ˻Իʹʥߡ
񳲣Ǿǹ񳲣
棬ȻŪһ񳲣
ֲĹѫȻһԭһ񳲣
񳲣һӳеǿǿʥʿĿֲս

Ƭ֮Уеǿ߿һ񳲶һ
ǿߵϢʱѾʿħ֮ȫЩǿǶѾжôĿֲ
һâҫһбǻԻʹʥߡ
Իʹʥǰ֮еջ񣡡
ȡһﱦʱ֮֮еջչֳ
ۼرʱ֮顿ʱ֮ʮ֮Ȫ棬㾹ȻʥˡȻߣ˲𣡡
ԻʹʥջҲһĨ֮ɫκˡǵk潻ãӵ˶رҲ˵ᶯģֱӽԷɵ
ԻʹʥȨ֮һָҪõ֮ȪɣҪʮ֮Ȫһöʱ֮еĵۼرն񵶡
ϵãǰǡն񵶡Ҷǿд߶Ѿܵش½࣬ҲֻܹʹΡ
лԻʹʥͱ̲ǻԻʹʥʱĿɽȻܵkһԻʹʥѡҲʮзִ磬ûнõıߡ
Իʹʥ΢΢һЦûϵΪҲѡ
ǵۼرʱ֮顿ļֵԶǲƵġն񵶡֮ϣԻʹʥҲǿ׼һ㣬ŻҪն񵶡ǵkҪʱ֮顿ĵۼرֻ¾ͻ˺k֮Ľ顣


987 
һâ΢΢һʱ֮֮һǿ߶ʱ֮֮ڷɳصԼӪ֮ڡ
֮⣬ǿҲ׷״ʱ֮֮зɳصԼӪ֮ڡ
ʯˣô
Ҳˣ
ҫҲˣô£
ĻôʥԱʱ֮һۼرУ
һ˾Ͷռ

ĻôʥѵǿһصԼӪ֮ڣʱ֮зһиˡ
һɹʥʿĿֲϢȻ档
ȻѾΪʥĿֲǿߣʥʿĿע֮£Ȼ·һ㣬üͷ΢΢һ塣
ԻʹʥЩʥʿȥǴʥĿֲѹ޼ɵıǳһĿȫkյۼرն񵶡һ˿˿ֲĵǡն񵶡֮л
Իʹʥ
Ǹ쵰лԻʹʥӻ

Щʥʿ΢˶⣬Ŀֱջء
ǻԻʹʥѾȡԼڲ֮λļأѾָ˰˳ʵָΪ˻ʵĴʥǿߡڵkֳֵۼرʱȫаնɱʥʿǿС
ЩʥʿǼǿ߿ɲԸԵ޹Իʹʥƴ䡣
ǵۼرȻޱȣȻвÿһһۼرӵkǵжȡۼرɱȻԻʹʥжȡۼرҪ򵥵öࡣ
һֲ׵ħ֮ͨӿǻһħ֮еĶħ֮Ȼɳɨڳǿһֱۣӻһֲħԭʧ
ÿµϢkǶħ֮ʡkѾʥʿ
ÿµĶħ֮ʣ氵ľߣ֮еĹ
һӵпʥʿĿֲս˭ܹƵסk

Ƕħ֮ʧ֮ǰԵޱȵΧȥһۣеǿ߶оһɿֲޱȵѹõkжӿһ˿⡣
ԻʹʥĿ΢΢һ濴һ۵ħ֮ʣʱȻĹʹŮʡʯʶ׷ˡ֪ʲô˲Ĺ棬ҪսʤЩǶ۷壬ûô򵥣
ʹŮʡʯʡħ֮ÿһ֣ܵ谮Ĵڡκһʱǰǿߣͬ޵еĹͬʱһʱ־Ȼޱȡ
һĨ֮ɫһЦǿ߲˼ħ֮ʣҾԻᳬԽkkڽ¡
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ѾʥˣÿµĽٶȣ
ôܣħ֮ʣ֣氵ľߡȻֻǰʥĴڣһȴսʥʿĹôܿkսƽ֣
սħ棬Ȼһµļһٶ̫ˡǴ˽޵Ĺ
ʿ֮Ҫ裬ӽʿʵ۵Ĺ

Ըǿǿ˶ħ֮һ֮Ŀַ׷׼ϣ˼ɵ֮ɫ
Ƕħ֮дһУ˫ǿƽ֣ռ·硣ȻˣҲǿ߶࿴ϵĵΣյȼ
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֮ʱ֮ħ֮͵Ϯ棡ֻˣ˶顣
ʱ֮ɭһЦħ֮ȷʵˡħ֮û˺ֺ෴ȴֽħ֮ѹˡ۴ʲôǶ˵涼ǷУ鳤ְλ
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֮ɨһۣһЦûеһҶħ֮ȷʵˡȷʵˣһħ֮鳤ݽkֱѹ֪ҲйУ鳤ְλ
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һɫĹâ΢΢һʥʿĿֲϢԽգһ´ݵݺѹȥ
ħʳѾʥʿĿֲڿԽʱĳִѡʥʿɢһϢʥʿĿֲǿߣԻʹʥҲС
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ʱ֮һЦûһһƽС
Իʹʥüͷ΢΢һ壬Ĭ
ԻʹʥȻĿǰѾĵһǿߡȴԶûдﵽһĵزʱʳɻʳħʳʿʳÿһʳ֮жӵʱⳤ֮еʥʿŴʥĿֲǿߡ
ԻʹʥҲֻܹ֤ܹùĴľֻܹԼȡ
һƽУܿϧûǸʸʱ֮һİйᣡҽʱ֮鳤ְλԵkߵȼȫ飡
һĿ⼯ϣͬڿһ׳ա
鳤λޱȣû֤ݣҪָ֤һ鳤ǳ˵Ρ
֤ݡ֤ݾǵkħ֮
һЦһӣһɫĹâֱӳ˵ϣ仯Ϊħ֮
ħ֮˫۴ͣиֳӡһĻӡڵkΧ֣õkͬһʬһ㾲վԭء
κʿһħ֮ħ֮˿֮鷨Ϊһ߿ܡ
ʱ֮һĻһĨŭɫȵħ֮棬Եkʲôkķӡ
֮УһʥʿҲһɹɿµϢ档ħʳʥʿϢһ˿ɭޱȵɱ
ħ֮ħʳҲħʳĴˣλޱȡ澹ȻҶ鷨Ըħ֮൱ħʳǿϺݺһơħʳǿȻһŭɶ
ǻԻʹʥػߣЩʥʿǾԻֱǰ˺Ƭ


988 ת
ħ֮ߴңʲôˣ
ħ֮ޱǹǿµһŰӡһǧǰҾͱΰ֮۴˴ӹתķʽ磬һħʳ֮ڡ
ʱ֮ʱɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣʧеʲôⲻܣ
ħ֮ǹİӣⲻܣ
Ȥʿʳ֮һħ֮Ȼǹİӣ̫Ȥˣ
İӾȻܹλ̫ˣ

ЩΧ۵ĸǿǼһĻжŸָĹâ
ʱ֮һ棬ħ֮ʲôֽţȻݵk˵Ļڲһ鳤ƻڲŽᣬ
ˣ棬ħ֮ħʳԼڲ飡
ʱ֮кȻֳһֻ̺һ˿ϢĿֲ֣ħ֮һצץȥ
ħʥʲô飬ǵ˵ĺã˵ǰ齲𣿡
ԻʹʥһЦһޱȵĻԻ֮һֲֻ֮Ĵ֮ϣӲĽһֲֻĴ˺Ƭ
˵Ϲҵȷѹħ֮ǻԵɺ֪ħ֮ǹ沼֮еİ֮һŶѹ˵kͨط˵kĵһС
浭Ȼħ֮ҵķҲ˻Ϊҿõkˡԣҿħ֮˳ڽܽɻʳǳʳħʳʳʱʳħʳǿߵļ顣
ħ֮ħʳУԷֻҪһ˿ԣַӻɱڡһѡǵڼ飬Ŀ֮£ЩʥʿȻ˵Ϲ
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ħ֮ޱǣǹİӣ
һɻʳʥʿ䵭ȷʵԵkֽţȵkĵ˵kȷʵû˵ѡ
һʱ֮ʱɫ䣬ҡҡ׹
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һ̺Ųǳ֮һħ֮ϣħ֮ϵ¶ȫȫһ
֮дһ䵭kû˵ѣ
ħʳڵķλһ¸ֳһöһöһħ֮ϣ޼ɵĿħ֮һС
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ʱ֮ʱɫһҰףӿһ˿
˵ɻʳǳʳǿ߻һ˿ܻΪ֤ԡħʳǿ߿ɲΪ١
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ʱ֮Ȼһ̾Ѫɫ
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kصú
Ͼ괩ԽķʽػһΣȻⷨ
һΣ棬ֻǶᱻǸļƭˣ

һʿ۷׷ףҺͺ¡ĴսڲǱһΣյĵˣԻֲܵش
Ŀʱ֮һֱӲʱ֮ħ֮ϵܣ֪Ӧòʺٵ鳤һְk鳤ְλҽϸ顣
ͬ⣡
ͬ⣡

ԱǷ׷׸
ħ֮ʱ֮ϵܡĽҪͷʱ֮ȻҪϸ顣ʱܹ֮ʥʿkһᱻڻʹãΪʱ֮ķ⡣
ʱ֮ɫ΢΢һףûмk׼Ҳκθı䡣
֮еЩʥʿҲһֳĬԹһС
֮յʥʿûκ鵭ʱ֮ħ֮鳤һְҶ˽ϸ顣
һʱ֮ħ֮ĸӹʿŶɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȡkǶԼҲֻгΪڻһ֡
ϲ鳤ˣô̵ʱ֮ھͽװʥ˲𣡡
鳤ˣǸոջһȪǰƷ

һ鳤ֱߣڣЩҪͽ档
һε֮ʱʳɻʳʧȥ鳤ϯλȻʳ˵ûܵ˺ȴҲԪܴС֮еλǼӣЩǽͷȻĵ档
Ҳ΢΢һЦЩǽͷݵͶ
ЩǽͷȻûоԵãǽɵkǣԽĴ졣ͬʱҲܹЩǽͷϼȡָԴԼ
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ʱţһǧת˲š
֮֮һǿ磬ӡſֲħܵʥصһ֮ڡ
滺˫ۣɣĳһڽʥľȶˡ
ʱ֮֮ڣǽǵԴˮһͻƵ˰ʥ֮İʥ֮Եʮ鸡ûȹ
һ֮֮ڱչǧ꣬Žʥ֮ȫա
һһöʱ֮Сһھͽʱ֮¡
ʱ֮һ渹Уʱİʱ֮и֡
Χһ¸ֳһ˿˿ʱҲʼһ˥ϡࡣ໯ҳʱ򣬶Ȼ֮ʱתһĻָഺ
һ˿˿ʱĲ֮
աʱⱦ䡿Լʱ֮۴µĵۼطʱ֮ʱ֮İ裬Ѿʱⷨݵ۷壬Ҳ޷̷ʱ֮ƿڱͻƣ·ƿһȴţĿʱİ
˫ۣһĨϲɫʱˣϧʱ̫¡ҶʱգֻǴǳĳ̶ȣˣҲҵʵһء


989 ·
Ҫ۲ֻ֮Ҫ֮۳ɹҲվʥĶ㣡
ʥؿȥֻʥ֮аڷʮһ֮Ȫһ֮Ȫ԰ڷŸĵرͨһЩĵرȡעǲ֮Ȫڣάǲ֮ȪĴڡ
ʥʿĴڣҲÿһʿǿ߽Ϊʥʿؼһǰʥ֮ʵҲΪŵȡǵԴˮһͻƣΪʥǿߣҲֻǱͨİʥҪǿЩڰʥ֮۳֮ĹҪϲֹһ
ʥʿǿڰʥ֮û۳֮Ϊڰʥ֮۳֮ʵ̫ѣĵԴһʥʿԴ
ֻЩһĿʿʵۡ߼ǿ߲ŻὫһڰʥ֮۳֮
Ƕħ֮ʾ۳˲ܹ֮ǡħ顿άʥʿĿֲ
ʱ֮֮ȶİʥǿҲڶʱ֮ڱʥʿĿֲ޷־áǵkǶħ֮ʵľ޴ࡣ
Ƕħ֮ȻĿǰֻǰʥ֮ĴڣǵkʵѾʥʿkҲһڰʥ֮ӵпʥʿֲĹＶǿߡ
Ĺ֮еĹڹȥֻҪһǾͬһʱ޵УѹһеĿֲڡ໥ɵʱĹԲֻһ
ʿ綼ᵮħ֮ĴڣǱʿܼ߰ĹԻᵮͬĴڡҾʿڵ棬Ҳδػֻһħ֮Ĵڡ
΢΢һΣһ̤һ֮Ȫڡ
һ̺һ˿˿֮Ӵ֮Ȫӿ룬û֫ٺһת㲻֮мŵطһ˿˿֮ԼŲ֮ת
һһĲ֮ȪʧϢҲԽĿֲ
ڶʮ֮Ȫʧ֮Ż˫ۣ˼֮УڸÿתΪһ͵Ĳ֮ˣҲδĸ
֮ʥʿĸҲÿһʥʿҪߵĵ·
֮вͬͣеĲ֮ӵпֲĲԣֻҪһѪûбɱɾͿԵѪеĲ֮ԷӳܡеĲ֮ԷӳĿֲܡ
ǵһʿʳʿʵʱ֮Ĳ֮ʱⲻ֮ӳʱĿֲ֮
Ƕħ֮γɵĲ֮ħ֮֮Էӳħ԰Ŀֲ
ȻҲ۳ͬԵĲ֮Ĳۣ֮ĵԴҲ֮ļǼʮ
ҵҪƼȻ߲༫󣬿ֻΪܼͬԵʡĿƼҲӵǱ
ҽҪߵ·ӣҲҪںʿ硢硢Լĵ·
ҪΪߣͱʱ塢ռ塢˰壬ҽ嶼Ҫ
ڹ֮УΪƣͬʱҲһʿʵۼǿߵĿֲ壬ǰõkǵĺĿƼԼķ
Ȩ֮󣬷òд֮ȪԼĲֻ֮ȷԼҪߵĵ·۳Ĳ֮ԼĲ֮
ұһˡռǺԼǱ뼲壡
ĿǰصĸֲϾͽֻǺһǿǺ֣ͿֱأӵʥʿǿΌʵս֮УҲûôױݻ١
Ͼʱֻ̫̣лԻʹʥһʥʿǿ
ʿʳÿһʳ֮жӵϵʥʿʱƣдʥĿֲǿѡ
ս֮У߶䡣ȻҪϧһдۣԼʵ
޹޹ǻʹ֮ڡ
һҵĴŴ򿪣滯֮һ̤Ȼֱʧһһź֮ڡ
ȡһ΢΢һҡһǻʹ֮е
һɫĹâ΢΢һһͷϴһɫƤ£ӵлԸģ𷢱ۣǵĻƽƽʥһ³ǰϥ£湧һϣ
ɨ˸һۣԵ̾򼶣治ǻƽʥ壬Ȼô̵ʱ֮ڣͽΪǿߣ
ȿûн֮ʱͬĵطֻṩԴ̵ʱ֮ڣΪ溣ǿߣֽٶȼֱ졣
ĵĸмȫ࣡
ȵ츳ֲޱȣѩšʯһȼĹǻƽһֱǿ׷ɱҲ޷㹻Դɳ淢ֵʱŻֻӵʿ
һ֮󣬾ͽȴ֮֮ɡʣֻҪṩԴʿ
濴˸һۣҽ飬ôˣ
ȵǣǺѾȷڴ֡ǿǺڴҲϡ䱦ǿǺһʥǿߣkԸ֣ҲΪǺټѰ֮С
ȥ֮ǰѾ޹ĸǰԼѰҿǺټֻǿǺıĸ֮жϡ֮Ҳڴջ
һĨâʥǿߣȻˣҾȥѵk鱨ҡ
ǣϣ
򲩼Ӷǲ׶ǡ
򱻽ǿ֧䣬ʥǽǿػҲǴΨһһʥʿǿߡ
ǽǿ֮£ߴ֮һ
һͨӶǣһǧĳǼʷ֮ڡ
ǲˣҲһóе壡ĿƼʮ񡣲ƼȻߵǻеƼƼںϵ·ӡϾߵʵֲ̫ѹһеĴڡȻǿڣеƼȻҲֻܹƼںϡ
һԣһݹɫϺѪһ߾Ʒţһ´ΧĻ
ǾǼʷ֮ڣ洦ɼҺʾܹԡֻһĻеԿȥ·ص˵򣬲δĵ
Щͨû̫𣬲kͨƼԼĻ˻еӢŮ֮ϣԶԶͨࡣ


990 ͻ
ǿҩ˾ַͨʽн𣿡
ָһţһֻɫĻǿҩУתš
ͨŻκβһӵпһʿǿûʹκǿ֮ǳ֮Ҳֻӵһʿʵ
ǲֻҪ΢еʲ˶ʹûǿҩǿkꡣͨĲ˿ûǿҩkʿľءԣĲܹԼʿ֮
ǻҩȫԺ޷յĽԼʵǿʿ֮
Ҳǿʿ׵һ塣
ǿʿ֮Ҫ»ʿǿߣǻҪѵöࡣ
ҩЩҩѾȫѾ»ʿĻҩϣҪһֱݳʥʿʿʵۡĻҩûϵ֮£ܡ
еĻҩо
ʥ֮ǰԸǰĸطãһ·ͻͽ
ͨߵĵ·ÿһ˶ͬʿʵ۵ǿߣÿһ֮жǶһ޶Ĵڡ
ͬħ֣֮氵ľߴһ𣬵kĵ·Ѿ̶õkԺԥĴǸĿǰ
ʿͬҪ˼Լĵ·ϵ˼߾һ뾡ְ취Լ
Ĳ֮ͬӵӴޱȵܹӴޱȵܹʱ޿̲ݡ㣬뷨һһģ⣬ʵ֡
ãҵѼȣǿ𣿡
һɫ˳ɻԸУʮ˵ŮԼһС磬Ͽδ꣬ɢɬϢСŮЦ
΢Цҽƣ
лл
СŮǰ
еĻҩʵƣеĻҩһʮصĸоѵǴ˵֮Уͻ弫޵ǳҩ
ǳҩǲо˿ͻƼޣ»ʿҩֱΪǼ¼ռȼ˽»ҫʿ
Ȼҩȶһʹǳҩǲ˾ͻп䡣˲˵ĶǿǶĸǿطȻǳҩһͬʹãͻƿ
֮еİʥǿʵҲطŽԼ˰ʥ֮
΢΢һЦûеľǿͻ弫޵ǳҩһ͡
һۣţǳҩȶһҩ͵ǳҩǲͻƵ缶⡣ô򵥵֣
΢΢һЦҲû硣
嵱ưһ棬֮ŵĸֿƼѹռԼϿ档Ψ潫Ļ֮еϲŻ濪š
ˣӴܹҲһЩݿϣݣѸٵĵóҪĽǳҩ֮һ
һۣջҪִﲩӶǻʱʱ䣬ȥҵķ䣬һЩϷô
Цã
ߵСŮȱϱһڣɨһۣ֮һĨм֮ɫ
Ĵ֮£Ǿ֮һޱȵĴ֮ڡ
һۣżȵСԡҵķȥҺͼȥϴ裬ȥϵǰɣ
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ãǻһԡ֮ˮʮ˵ͼŮԡ֮˳
һۣȻݺһȭǽ֮һͨϣһĽȾңͼǿҺͼȣ
Ǽеͬʱ˫Լ㷢֮һ࣬ͬʱָһһŰƴСĽԲȻչһɫĻеս׸ϡ
ɫĻеսһ䶯ܿͱһã˺ۣ·ǧٱ̬
ȻҲһɫõĻеսף̯ڵϣɪɪһܵ˲˵Ű顣
澲վԭأһϷʵĿͼȵıݡ
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һ֮УǷŵĴűһһɫеսףɢһҫʿǿһŶ롣
ɫеսǿ󣬸ɫеս׵ǿߣÿһɢ»ʿĿֲ
ƵˣǺĺѣطҪúдû뵽һ¿Դ󷢣ǳ֡ƴֿȻĶ֡أ
һ˵ǽɫս׵ǿǰޣ£ݼ浽˼㡣
ҲһһţĿš
ȣȻͼȳ֣Ҫɱ㣡
˫۳죬ͬҰһŭֱӳһɫĳȻһŷϢݺݵնȥ
ȴǶһԣ¶һõĶЦݡÿΪݺٲصʱͻоޱȵ졣
浭һЦ־ԽˣȻҲ֪ʲôˣȻҶҳ֣ôȥɣ
һɿֲ׵Ťռһ֮ϣ΢΢һʣռ˲佫г飬ɢ䡣
ɫˢһ±ң岻ϵĲݴʧеôܣôܣ
ɨ»ʿǿһۣɭޱȵͳͳȥɣ
һŤռȻ»ʿǿϸֱ֣һи
ǿϷޱȵļһ˲ͱг飬һѪɢ¡
ɨŮһۣ΢΢һЦĿĮͬڿֻϣȤлĵ;֮˼Ȥԣǿȥˣ񶾵Ůˡ
һ±ò԰ޱȣе㲻ܹɱңǲĵʮ߻ŮΨһŮҪɱҡҸײԲŹģkǰʥǿߣʮ磬ÿһϵǿߣҪҷֺkǾԲŹģ
˫΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ㣬һɫĹâϯȥ̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡
һâҫһųɫеУĿ࣬һͷҷ溣ǿȻһԷɳһɫСһ
һɫĹâɫС֮ϣӲĽǴųɫее溣ǿһصײǽ֮ϣڵϡ
ɫе溣ǿһ𺧣֮󣬹λˣǲĽͳأܹܲҵϣŹҴˣ


991 ı
һָһֻ޴ָգͬһǳһ㣬Źغݺѹȥ
ɫ䣬һſɫֲĺɫâҫϸֳһɫķ֣Ҳһ¶һ޶ܡ
һ޶֮ǶһöǺˣһޱȵĹâҫĳȡһǳг̵Ǻ֮γһޱȵǳ硣
ָһ°ǳ֮ϣ買ǳֱӱһɹ׵һ˹еķϡ
ǹһײսǽ֮ϣһѪɫ԰ףž֮ɫ
ǳǹؽ߾ȫ˲еĻеиʩչķƾһֵ֣ʿǿߵĹھȻ׻飬ֱ˾
ɨһ۹صȥ߲˵޹ڲСͺˡ
زѪǣˣͻȥ沩
ϣֱӻһ⣬ԭʧ
ԼĿɽȻͷ뿪һĶ棬֮һĨ֮ɫ
΢΢һЦȥô£úϷɡ
֮һӴޱȵľͷۻĽڲӶ֮ϡ
ǾͷһϣǾ͵Ǹ֮ڱ㴫֮һӵ»ʿΪĲսʿվǾͷԣγ̶ӡ
滺Ǿͷ֮߳ͼŮǵɫЩ԰ףĿһϾͲԾӿһ˿˿־֮ɫ
һһͷɫ̷Ŀߴɢһɱ뺷ϢǿϴЦݣǲĹܸܹʶ
֮ڳ˲һʥ֮⣬йʿǿػ
΢΢һЦܸͬʶ㣡
һ֮һ˱һСͷͧŲĻʹ֮зȥ
ɨһۣһЦֶŮ̫Сĵдƽϡȥһñºúýѵ
ǲΨһһŮܾ谮Ҳ裬޼ɵӡ
΢΢һЦߵϲðһΣȫǸӣǵϣܹҵͬȼֵĻر
ʿǿڹ֮УҲλڶĴڡĸ֮жǸ߲֮Сǲ֮УҲֻʿǿػ
ʿĵλޱȣͨðʿǿߣֻ·һ㽫ҲκΪòԡ
΢΢һЦȻû⡣ǲ֮лʲôĻر
һĨ֮ɫͼذҪǺ𣡵ȻǰҪһḶȼ۵Դĵر
üͷ΢΢һǺǲĿǰһսĲϡܹܲһ
Ǻ֮жڵϡĲϣ÷ΧΪ㷺һ֣ͻᱻƳΪֱʮ֡
նľܾУֻҪǺ𣡡
һǿǺ֣ܹƳأҽưõĸϡط
һرɹսͻԼμһٳΪʿȫԳΪʿʳᲢ۵Ŀֲ
һ¹شҪ벩һ£
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Ϣ֮䣬Ļ׵͸Ȼޱȵǹ΢΢һ̣һޱȵӡ
Ȼһ飬ȴʵʵûж໰
΢Цãʱ䣬˺úǲӶ֮棬𣿡
ʮֹɵǣ壡
һаڻʹһ֮ڣֱӽ˻ʹ֮ڡ
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Ӿǲ֮ҲǲΨһһʥǿߡ
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£ȷʵ޹֮еҲСǰΪǵĿǺ𡣡
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һʥʿǿǰƽףҲֻܹԹԵĽǺóʥʿס
滯ֻʿ۷ΪȻ͸ץסŮҪǺǲгͷŭ
ոǱ߰ŵô
΢ЦģǱѾ׵֪ǲӶǡ
¶һЦݣܺãֻҪǸҽʹͲҪȥˡɵ֮ϵıһ⡣
ÿһʿǿ߶Яִﱦÿһʿǿ߶һƶ⡣
Ҳ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬гڴ
˻⣬ġ
ĺ԰֮ڣһ֮ϣ˫۸ֳӡ¶һζЦݡ
ҹĻ١
ˣ˹ΰĲǰʹμ磡
һ𷢱ۣĿ࣬һʵĹ͢ǼУòʮӢʮ»ʿϵĽǿ߹֮£ǰ
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΢΢һЦŮǰӭĺͽγ
һγһ·ͨ裬ֱӿ˻ʹ֮ڡ
Ǻγһʹ֮ڣ޼ɵͷųʿ۷弶ĿֲϢ
ǻʹ֮ڣڰǿĿһ±
˭Ҳûע⵽ƬϢĴĽӡ֮зɳϢŻʹһڵ֮зȥ
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һ̤ǹ֮ڣڹ֮£ϴ崺Цݣӭ
һĨâ΢΢һЦã


992 
ܵλǹѾʶһλǰǲǿĻеš
Ǻá
ͬǰһ
΢΢һЦⲻŮðл飬һ
ҿǿ֮ϣһԣǺ𽻸ңȻһ֧ͬȼֵԴ͸ֱ
û⡣ӵеĿǺ͸ˡ
ʮˬ죬һһöȭͷСĿǺƽƽȥ
һסǿǺźεĿϲ֮ɫڵˣǺ𣬽ָտɴ
һϳͻ̩ɽʥʿǿҲֻбѹɱķݡ
ͬʱҲĶ㣬һͿԿһϵ塣
ָһһöװͬȼֵԴĴָɵ˲УͬȼֵĲԴ¡㸸׵߰ɡ
Ůһ´룬ص˲ߣȻͷҲصǹȥ
ӹǴָһɨ̰һţĿ֮иӳڴһЦԴȱ𼶵ԴҾͲˡҵĺѣúҹұ֤һ᲻С
ˣˣ
ˣķŮ
ǰķŮ̫ˣ
ȻķĻ̫ˣ

֮УȻһ֮һĿŹһǿȥ
һһͷɫӨѩüĿ续ĳʻƽʸ߹ţһһɢŶ·ľŮϴ崺Цݣӯӯ
֮УԶĶɫˣжų֮ɫ޲ýɫֱһ¡
濴һĨӯӯľɫŮ۾΢΢һķˣǺųǹһİķ𣿡
ȻûǰķˣʵĴѪķˡҲǺòײŽ
ķǹ֮һ۵С壬ûʲô̫ǿĸ֡ķȴĵ־ɫŮ塣
ķߵն塣ķ嶼רŸΪkṩŮ̵k
֮֮󣬰ķרŸ̷֮
֮֮۱ʧȥ˶԰ķİռȤǰķҲԷʿʵۼǿߡ
֮˪ʱ򣬰ķ˵k֧֮֡˪Ϊ֮ҲͶұ˰ķ޴Ļرǰķݣڹ֮ߡ
ǴѪİķ忡Ů󲿷̷ֶʥʿϵĴȻܹһѪİķŮǰչֳ˾޴ʵ
һĨ磬ӯӯߵǰȻһЦãܸܹˣ
á
ϸĴȷʵףʹŮѩšʯͬһľɫŮвǰķ˸ڴ
ΪףǺһô
һԵޱȵħơɫƣһݸ棬¶һȻԵֵľЦݡ
Ŀɫ֮һӶû¶һ˿ֵĲ
ӹһɫƣ֮۳ĵǹ⣬¶һζЦݣֱӽǾƱһԵĲȥҶɫľûһȤܲܰҺⱭƣ
ɫһʲô˼ҵѣŮˣõд㣬ȴ𣿡
ЦЦĿ˲һ۵ʱ򣬾ʾ˵ҪɱҡֻҪⱭƣҾ͵һû
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ǹĸ֮ڣֳһſѪڵĻеǻе֮ӡ֣һƴݺݵϡ
һ˲䣬͸оԼһ±һ򱶵Ŀֲ֣˷·𱳸һ޴ɽͣ΢һ¶ʮѡ
һԾԹۣ¶һ˿Ц
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һؼڵ֮ϵǶʱֳΣһƻǻʹ֮ڵһڵ㡣
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ǲػʹ֮Уһ´һ춯صĿֲը֮
ǲػʹķϵͳһƻһͷĻеҲֱӿή
㾹ȻҶҵĻʹ֣
Цһ˫֮һ¸ֳ޾ŭ𣬷
ǲػʹǲϳҲǲһľʥءκʥʿµĴڽ벩ػʹ֮ڣоųϵĸʱֱѹ
ǲػʹķϵȻӲŪ飬ǲжڵѪ
ǹһĨɱһ¸һɫߴʮףӡɢһɻĻеС
ǹֻӵʿҵһװϡ֮սһ´ﵽʿ۷Ŀֲ硣
ǰһһֻ޴ɫ֩ȻǴٱһֻߴףӡɢſֲϢĻе֩ħһڽֱȥ
ǰҲֻʿҵʵǻеС֩롿ں֮սҲһʿڵĿֲ硣
һŭһߴʮףһʥʿ֮ԼŵرɵĻеСȻ֣һûkڣǲںһ
һ˿˿ֲĲನǲΪģ˷ɢȥ
еǲһƼĽᾧkǺķ˾޴ĴۣŻһʥʿǿߵʬҶʥĵرƳһߡеСҲǲһյ֮һ
һǲҲһĨ֮ɫʥʿ޽ӽʥʿ𵱳ǿ״̬Ķħ֮ʣҲֻѷһ
ȥ
˫۳죬һŭХһſһԳʮ׵ɫɫ֮иֳصӡһֲɫŴޱȣ׻ǳĿֱֲӺȥ


993 ֲʱ
ֱӱ仯Ϊһֻ޴ޱȵĻе֩룬ޱȵ˿鲼գ͡
ǹޱȵ˿߽۸޷ĸƵ𶯣иռ䣬ǰʥǿײ˿֮ϣҲֱӱп
ǰһųޱȵĺ⣬貵ĺ֮£κͼͨеķʧЧ
ͬʱǹޱȵĹҲŤ˵ĸ֪޷Ĺ
ǽиǿ֣ʥǿҲѹ
ǲĹָһţһɺµӣγһɴգɫĹֱѹȥ
ɫĹһһɴ֮ڣֲӲıɰγɵɴɡ
ĸŲһЦ̶ֳֻֻǻʧ
һɴȻ֣·һ㣬ǲݺѹȥ
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Ȼһģǰһȭſֲޱȵ壬·ֱӺȥ
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һ˿˿ޱȵıԴ֮ɴ֮дûڣѪꡣ
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һĨ֮̾ɫÿµĲ֮ʥʿǿӵеʥǰʥǿҪƻҲʮѡ
涾ֱĴʥԼʮϵʿǿΧȻΧkնɱǲַ֮˼
ľֳ֡߱ذסҲûôܹɱɹ
ʮʱٴηһ³ڲͷһȭǲͷ­֮ϣǲͷ­һ󶴡
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ǲȻѾԼ棬kҲٹ棬ǽеľתƵ˷֮ϣϼǲ֮ĵֵĹ
˫֮лָ侲Ķ棬ûõģ⡾װǲߵĽ⡾ĺģһֻڴ˵֮е㼶ԴΪԴ㼤սʮ꣬Ҳûκ⡣ֻҪ޷ȥҵķհܵˣֻ㣡
浭Դĵȼֻҿɴû˵㼶Դ
һĨԹޱȵĹâǵȻȻ֮ȻԴߵȼ㼶Դı⡾ĺһö㼶Դǲһַ֮лõık֮ǿԶԶǺ̸ɣ飬ҿԵûзǻѡ
˵ĵλȫԽ֮óף׬ȡԴˣ㲻ҪĿǺ֪ʲôطŪĿǺֻҪǺһж⣡


994 أϣ
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ȻһЦת㲻塢ɷһʱⳤӡһһеĺڶһŷ֮еǳȻ֣ɢһĪĿֲϢ
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мʱʵ̫ǿˣͬҵĸҲ̫ˡ㲻壬ذںϣںʱ壬ôڵʵֻܹ
㲻յǿطԽյİ໥ںϡ
ʱΪµطҪʱ䣬СΧĲʱ䣬ĵҲʮ־ˣȻǿ棬һʱԸǿУĵҲԳܣֻܹжʱı
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ĴʹǸѩŵ󣬳䵱kĸ࣬γһķ羰ߡ
ϣ֮ľǧ֮ҲѾ׳Ϊʿڵǿߡ
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ĻӵпֲޱȵĻ֮Ť۸ļ䣬ǶԸʿǿʹõս
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995 أ£
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ȻҪо񳲣ҲǲԡֻҪͨϸ飬Ҽʮʥ塢壬ͿΪʮʥ塢о񳲣еļʮʥա
Ȼ֪ʲô;˲񳲵켼ȴұ¶ֻܹ񳲵켼졾еװס
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ⲿֵϣҵ켼ͿԱøơĽϵ񳲻ͷӦÿƳһס񳲡񳲣ҲԷƳһƵðƻ
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һĨâȷĿ꣺һ͸취Ǳ뼲ˣһǻеǹе֮УΨһһʿʵۼǿߵĿֲ塣ĿƼǵ֣ӦҲܹĿƼΪİ˼ص춨


996 ײ
ոɳǱ뼲Χһ鱨ò뿪棬ʿ硣
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Իʹʥʹط֮ʱɫֻһ溣ʿڣɫʥѾʵԽԻʹʥǿڣȻûԻʹʥгӵĸ顣
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Ϊ棡Ǿĸմ½ǿԶȥһʥʿҲָ֮죡

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ǰȻйϵЩʥʿǿҲó档
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ֻǲпޱȵĽɱ֮УŻᵮһս֮ɱľ񡣶Ҳջľˡͬʱʥʿǿߴģ֣ζ˫ѾҪƴ
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999 

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ЩعҫսkǵĳɱҲͬԼμֲڸ֮ϵı඼ѾֹͣΪȱԴ
ĿǰӵеԴһͿһǧϵսˡȴֻܹһҵսˡϵĿֲࡣȻʵս֮Уһǧڵս˶һս˵Ķ֡
ĿǰеԴϵеսˣԼսˣȻоԴȱޱȡ
ǳ֮ɨһǶ嵥ʮֹϵãҾȶعҫˡ
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ƼڡȻǻеҲмޣȱĵkǣսʿʵ۾ѾǼޡڡӵߵҲֻаһ;
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عҫչֲֳս֮ħ֮۷ǿڽ濴һܹkƽƽĴڡ
ǹǿ߳Թһο֮ս
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ѾͻƵɢ֮еʮĽ񳲣ЩǿҲ˼


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ǵ֮УֻлһʿǿءʮʿаħԵֵʿֻܹεһķԴɵʿ˵㡣
аħ˳һ·ӿ˵㡣
Щаħһ㣬ͱǵ޴ڵһգʵһ¾ͱϡ
ǻꡢз籩ȵȴģϵһһĴǵʿ֮маħȥ
ΪڻҵĵͼħǴģϵ֮׾ٱɵͬʱǿʿҷԲаħҲֱɱ
һģϵķ֮£ԭͬһޱ޼ʣڼƵаħһ±ֻʣ²ǧ»ʿϵаħš
ǵѾΪĻ֮УϵԷӳ120%ͬʱЩаħȺڰϵǻᱻ50%ϡ
һʿаħ㣬ҲֻбʿѹɱķݡаħڻҺʿϵǰͬһ
һȺֻ֪ʹñ츳ķٶ࣬Ҳһ
ָ֮ڣЩаħ΢һ¶һ˿мЦݡ
Щʿаħÿһʵǻ֮ϣǻʿ͸ֽ磬ȫԽʮʿаħѹʿоرչ۷ĳɹ
ʱһ峤ߴףҫ貽Ŀֲ̤նУһͿԽǱŤĿռ䣬֮⣬ǿ̫֮ϣʥʿĿֲѹݺһȭһ̫֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһ̫Ӳıʥһ顣
ʥʿôʥʿǿߣ
֮һ̫ʥӲһݻ٣һĨ֮ɫ
ʥʿÿһһػӵսÿһǿһ֮תսֵĿֲڡҲǿΰתһֲսսֵĿֲڡ
ѫѫ
һŭâҫ࣬ʵ۳µĴѫȻɳʥѹȥ


1001 
ǴѫһɳӡҫǳӰȻ֣·̺һĿֲѹʥݺѹȥ
һѫǴʵʮǳԼһʥرΪƶɵı̺ʮǳĿֲǳ֮ޱȡ
飡
ʥһȭһȭĺǴѫ֮ϣ̺Ǵѫ֮ϣǴѫòϲ
ʥÿһȭǵռмʿֱȡޡ
ɱkǣ
ʮʿаһ˫۳죬ţΧһʿȥ
󲿷ֵʿȡû֮Ǵѫ֮ϣдʿԿЩֲа
һʿӲЩа飬֮дѫҲϵı
֮ͨͨУԴԴϵӿаħЩаħǶЩʿȥ
֮Ǵѫʥһ֮Ӳĵסػ类˰˳ϡ
ǲдʿʮʿаΧ֮£һһֱӺ䱬
һĨΣһ̾ɶֲ㡣һʥʿش˵أЩаħͳͳҪ
һʥʿﵲסʥǴѫʥԼЩħǵ̩ɽ
ʥǲ֪Իᱻѹ
ʿʳʥʿǶػ֮ϵ֦մ½ǿʿʳĸʧڶʱ֮ڳʥʿǰ֧Ԯ
ãã֮Уʿʳ֮⣬ͬǿʿӵʥʿػЩʿŶûмᣬҲ޷Щʥʿǰ֧Ԯ
ĿʥƸʥջ԰ջʥᣬҪkǣҲֻܹѯʶԷ⣬޷ǿǲ
ֻʿʵ۲ʸʥĪҲӣǴʥǿҲûʸһʥʿ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уյһѫֱ顣
Ǵѫһ˲䣬ʮһߵʿֱըѿ
ڶķʱ飬Щħһָȫʢ
ˣ
´˳ʮֹϵ廯һ̴ԭʧ
һâҫǵʿǶ׷ʩչֱԭʧȥ
һķԴɵʿ඼ЩʿЩʿ֮ϵֹ
һʿһ±һħĹڣɱŽӽkһ塣
ǿֲޱȵħһ·ݿ࣬ڵҪݵһ·ɨ
ħͨһУʱŸֽͨߴħȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һ𶯣һֲޱȵĺɫӴ֮кͬһһеĿֲħħȫ
˿ħΪʷ¶һֱٹĿֲ޶ħħ˵ȵħַӿ룬ͬһ˷ɢȥ
࣡࣡
ɱǣ
Թǣ
Щ࣡

һԹЩħħֵĿзЩħħˡħֵȸι״ħﶼĲɱΧдࡣ
һͷħʿ˫֮ŷĹâǵѪ˫ѪĹâһһʥˣǸô죿ᣬϳ𣿡
ʥһЦ⣬ɱ¾ɣȻ󣬽תΪǵͬ
ħһִȾԼǿħֻҪ˵kǵѪ⣬ᰴʵĲͬȾʴתΪħ
ȻҪת߼ʿͱιʳͬȼǸߵȼħѪ⡣ħһ˵ʲô⡣
Ǿħʿ˫˷ܷһУСǣ񻶵ʱˣǵ⣬磬񻶰ɣ
ħһ´һ춯صĻ֮ħһǹʧ
ʥɨЩħһۣһĨĮһ»һʧ
᱾
ǳ֮һѿħһ徹ȻڵһʥʿǿߡЩ棬ıԶǡȻʱѡ
ħһĵ̱༫Ϊֲkʱѣȫ׽kѹ
㽫ħȫһ飬Ҳʲô⡣ǵħɱ֮ټû뵽ڵ羹ȻһħʥʿþƱһʰ
ħ֮ħһȻѾӵɱôͱȫkǣһβܣ죬֮λֻʣħ
֮鳤ˣǸղŷ֣ʮĽѾǱ⼸λá
Ȼ֮䣬һâ΢΢һһŵͼ˵С
֮һŵͼʱɫһŷŭ֮ɫҧгݵħ֮ħһ壬kǿ϶йᣡ
ͼ֮ʮĽŷֱʳ֦մ½֮⣬ʳĶ
ĿĽγһɿֲޱȵĻ֮߮ʱ׼Ԯ
ĿĽÿһŵսȴʥǿߣĿĽ֣ȫڶʱ֮شѹһʥʿ
ʱѾɳΪһߴһŴ֦֮䣬೬һڹĿֲڡ
ЩĽ˵ʹÿռԾһڹʲô޷ʹÿռԾһڹkҲֻҪȫٷвʮӡ
ʮĽһǸطʱܵ˼㡣رʱ
ֻʮ˽ʵ֮ǹǿ߲ܹԵĲá
֮Ȼʥʥջʥʥʥʥܾǵĳս󡣵kֻԸػԼڵ֦մ½Ľ񳲶š
֮󣬾Ŵ֦մ½ʳռһǱϷ֡
ʥʥʥǺkµȻҲҪǼʥʿڴС
ȻѹЩħˣ
֮üͷ΢΢һĵѵ棬ȷЩħ֮пһħʥʥڣkǾħħʥʥʿĿֲڡ
ҿȥѹЩħǰǣʮĽ񳲣Ǳ뱣֤kǲ͵ϮҵĻеš
ħ֮΢ЦҿԱ֤棬ֻҪȥѹЩħǿߡ㶯ħʳĵ̣Ҳᱣ֤ЩĽвĺ·


1002 ɱħ
֮ʳҲԱ֤
ʳޱȣƴʧһ̣ȫпܽĽ񳲻١ȻҪĴ۾ʳʹ
ϾڻûеսʱʳеĵȫõΧʱп˹k˺ɷ顣
֮һ棬ЩħͽˡһЩĽ͵Ϯ
һӣһеڻ᳡֮Уһǹԭʧ
սħռݵһ顾֦մ½֮ڣһͬǳһĲþǼսȻɳ
ǲþǼսÿһֱߴǧͬһſŻе򣬱鲼ڿڡ
ǲþǼսΧǸʮǼսǼʺĸǼѲ󽢣γһֻӴޱȵĽӡ
һֻӴޱȵǼʽһ֣ħŰķȥ
ˣ
Χ߮ŵĿȻһģûһȿռ֮ڣֱӽпռԾ
ħ֮һЦЩ壬Ҳδ̫Сˣ
ħʳڵ֦մ½֮һ·ɳһȫ͸ʥرռ
ǡռһ֮Уγһޱȵ
ĿĽһײǿռ֮ϣװһ±ǡռе֧飬飬ɢ䡣
ĿĽȻޱȵĴȻ޸ͬʱźһ̣ͼʱͨȴûκЧ
Ƭռ䱻ӡˣ
Ҿ˵ܹС
㲻ҲͬԾ𣿡

һͷֱĽ֮дݡ
ռԾĽʹõƶʽʹÿռԾĽ񳲽ʮڹľһ˲仯Ϊޡ
ȻʹÿռԾҲзգһ˸ţͨʥʿͻᱻǿռ籩˺Ƭ
뿪ɣ
һĽһִ֮Уֱ֮ӴһȿռšĽһ·ǿռŴֱѡ
ĽҲʮֹϵĴ򿪿ռطȥ
ǿռļз֮еΣգвĽҲᱻݻ١
ǽ
һ֮̾ƬصȻʧ
һĴǣ˿ڸߴһǧʢԹϵʿмôĲʯӵһ溣ػ
ʱǲΧѾħƣħͬˮһΧǲǡ
ǲ֮һʿޱȵĹâγһȫǵķ硣
ָĹϵϵǲľʿ֮кǲΧһ³˸ָľ⡣
һޱȵĲҽ֮УЩͼħԼֵͼħ׷׻ҽʧ
ħﺣսϵǰһ»ʿϵħֵܹǸִΧľ⡣
ȥ
һͷӵ֮ѪħԦһͷ׵Ŀֲ׵֮ͬһһ㣬ǲǵĽֱײȥ
¡
һ֮£ǲǵķֱӱǾΪĵʿҲһѿ


Ҫ

ǲڣʿǲǵķ羹Ȼ˿ֲֶһȥɫ䣬ʿһµ䵽˼ޡ
һâҫԭĺֵħһʿǶ׷ʵսַ˷ȥ
û˲һʿγɵϵʿǶ֪ǾԵֵסħΧ
˷ͼħħͬˮһӿ
ЩͼħȫͨʴתɣЩ߼ħ𣬵ͼħɱٶûκ塣
ˣ
ǵ溣ܿǷ飬ҲһĨ֮ɫ
һħħһЦɱɱЩ࣡ǿʼȤ԰ɣ
ħײеЦݣǲȥ֮÷սĵͼʿǶӿһ˿
һɲ֮䣬һɫĹЩͽħ͵ͼħ֮ϡ
Ǽ޾ĵͼħͼħ˲䱻ǰɫĹֱɣƤǶȫ
ǿֲİɫ겻׼ޱȵĹͼħ͵ͼħͬʱЩ»ʿϵħ
ǻڴ˵ص»ʿϵħһըѿʧ
ʲôˣ
һħħһĨŭ֮ɫ˫һ¸ֳӡԶȥ
ЩͬһĵͽħҲͰˣɱٶܹײ䡣»ʿϵħȴûô׵õ漰һתʵ⡣ħ֮棬תħħʱЩת߻бĿܡ
Ҳ˵Լתһ»ʿϵʿпܻһ»ʿϵħ
»ʿϵħħħѪ
ħһ¿Զ֮⣬ǲþǼսâҫΧ䣬ͬɱһɱЩͽħ
һҲþ߼Ǽս̸ߴǧȻkĹžıԶ˥ɱЩͼħѾ´ࡣ
սħĻеţһսħڣǽԻʹʥͷٻȻҲԸһ壬ǲ֪Ķ
ħħһĨ׹⣬ǲþ߼Ǽսȥͬʱһſͣһ˷ɢȥ
Щ޼ɵɱ¾ħԼʿħֶӵħħĴ
һʿħԼʿħַ׷һҲþ߼Ǽսȥ
ҿô𣿡
濴߻۶ʮʿħ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʿʳǿǰЩħһħ˱ᣬԲǶԷ
սħһʵȫԻʹʥƤǻԻʹʥȻڣսħЩħҲûʲôµġϾʮʿħħ֮Уʥǿߡ
ȻҾͳȫǣ
΢΢һЦһӴ󽢶֮УһǼսŴ򿪣عҫսͬˮһһʿħȻȥ
عҫսһǧع׵ͳ˧֮£һµʮħǰ
عҫս˷âҫһֲޱȵĹ֮˲佫ʮħȫɡ
ǹâʧ֮ʮħټҲȫĨȥ
ôܣ
Щеܣôôǿ
սħڵĻеܣʲôʱôֲˣ

ǲдʮʿħһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾
ʿǿߣʥǿҪɱҲûô򵥡ʮʿǿ߾Ȼһͱɱǲдħж˺⡣


1003 ѹħ
Щعҫսһ֮гܣһսŲдʮħʿȥ
ͷ»ʿϵħǿߴ˷
ͷħǿ峤ߴǧ׵ħǧ׵ľˡòסɢϢħ顢дѪѪ֮תѪħоͨռ䷢չħÿһħɢſֲϢ
κһͷ»ʿħÿһͷЩ˼żλ棬׽λͳͳתΪͽħǸλɵ
ͷ»ʿħǿ߸ոշǲþ߼ǼսԱߵĻâҫֹͬһЩħȺ֮С
ܹԿʥʿĿֲ֮£һ֮£ͷ»ʿϵħǿ߾ͱýֻʣǧͷ
»ʿħǿ߳˲ħǿ֮⣬ħǿͳͳɱ
ǻĻѸٽеҫʿħǿߺȥһҫʿħǿ߱㱻׷״򱬣·ɢ
عҫսȻֳһֻħħǿ߷ȥһͻħħǿߴ֮ڡ
ȥ
һͷ峤ߴǧ׵溣ħâſѪڣһڿֲޱȵϢȻʮعҫսȥ
һַԲǧ׵ĿֲϢʮعҫսɡ
һɿֲޱȷѹϢ֮Ȼʮܻ廹ȼŵعҫϢֱ֮ӷɳӵݺݵնͷ溣ħ֮ϡ
һѪҫһͷ溣ħһ±г飬ȻǴĸڻ֣ȫ𣬽ֻʣһöħ֮ˡ
Щ溣ħûнЩعҫս˿Уһ棬溣ħ˲ء
ֻʮͷӵѪսԶͬ׵溣ǿ߼ħӹһ١
һͷ溣ѪħһĨ־ʧе溣Щеܶӵ溣սôܣ˿֮⣬ôܹ溣Ļеܣ
Щعҫսع׵Ĺǿ֮£ÿһܴʱԷӳ溣ڵĿֲս
溣ǿ֮ǰʿ֮оѾųƴܣκһ֮жѽһһĸ߲㡣
ٱڣħһҲֻܹͷ溣ħǼ溣ս˸һ
ͷ溣Ѫħոպһʮعҫսһ³˵kǰӵһնûѼĿֲӰ溣Ѫħһ˲ն顣
ѪħΪǿն֮ȻǱȾĺѪѸٵۡ
عҫս˻һ򿪣һº溣Ѫħ֮ϣ溣ѪħֱһѪûʣ¡
һǧףӵһɫľħħеҿӣ
һɫĹâһʹŮѩȻǾħħǰһǾħħնȥ
Ǿħħɫ䣬һ¸ֳӡʩչǿ۳һ׶ܡ
¡
һ֮УǾħħֱӱѩһɽعҫȺ֮ڡ
عҫս˻һƬһ½Ǿħħֱɡ
һɫĲӰս֮ҫѩתٶȰ壬һ˲䣬ǶʮħǰֱնһǶʮħֱӱƵʩչַط
ǿֲޱȵعҫųûһӵϣǶʮħȫɡ
ѩ΢΢һΣһ·ɵ˰֮УȻվ֮УǶʮڻе֮ŵħ֮޾Ŀ⡣
ĵâ΢΢һϣǵĴʿʹһ·ɵѩΪkĻ
µʹȻǧϣʿĶʹҲֻϣˡ
عҫսγɵĻе֮УһͷŽռף峤ߴ׵İʥʯȻɳһȦȦʯâӵk֮˷ɢȥ
ǿֲʯâ֮£ǿʯʥعҫս˻װ׶ʼѸٵʯ
һͷʥʯѾʼƴȼԼԴż˿ֲޱȵعҫս溣ķֵֶס
ҹȥɣ
ѩһЦȻһͷʥʯϷһ̺ſֲޱȵ壬̺նǳܺݺǰʥʯһնȥ
һͷʥʯһ̽צݺݵĺǾ޽֮ϡ
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ǰʥʯǱѩһ׹عҫսȺ֮С
عҫս˻ӵնǰʥʯ֮ϣӲĽǰʥʯնû˺ۡ
ǰʥʯعҫսһһʯϵ˿ȴԽԽ࣬ϢҲԽԽ

һҽ֮Уһͷаħֱӱعҫսն飬ȫ顣
ûãһ׵ĿֲǺħҲն飬ȻعҫֱӾ
һͷһͷħǿֲعҫе֮ţȻһһɱ
Щħÿһͷڲ֮λ޼ɵĴڣÿһͷɱǧࡣֻΪkʵǿأ翣ûа취ɱkǡһͷͷеħĲС
֮ܲͨߵһУг𺳣ǿЩеǿÿ£
ǳ֮֮ҲһĨʻĻеܾսѾȿ֮ĻеܾšΨһûʥʿĻеܡ
ħ֮ʥʿĻеô죿ǿʥʿĻеܡ֮ҲɥĲĿŵĿܡĹ
ʥʿǿĸ涼Ǵڶǿߡ嵱꣬Ҳ޷ʥʿսˡ
ϣӵһʥʿҲرһ߿⡣κһ֮Уʥʿᳬʮ
嵱ӵеʥʿս˶ϵпԽս˲ϽɵĴڡưһ棬ӵеʥʿսҲֻʮ
֮٣һʱӦʱĻ˵ʱΪĵھʿʵۡϧˣ
Ҳ΢΢ͷ棬һĨ֮ɫ
֮Уֹ˶ħ֮⣬ս޵һʱĿֲѾ
Ȼʵǿᣬ֮ȻܹǶ۷塣
𣿵kڵЩʲô
ǲþ߼Ǽս֮ڣͨɨһλĿĮĿԶʥ


1004 ħ֮Ʒ
ʥʥʿĿֲǿߣһ˾ӵתսֵĿֲս
ʮʿħħʥһ˿ֲֻôѫʿĴرkǵпʥ⡣
սħ棬鳤Ҽסˡ
ʥĶĽӣһĨɱȴûг֡
֮λħɽһƬţħѷɽǹɽ֮УħʴΧһС溣ܽУвҲᱻʴħ
ħɽҲûκοõıȻ⸽Ҳûʿѹ
ڰħɽ֮ǰ΢΢ŤӰϢĴֳ֮߳Ρ
Ӱ˷ֱһòףѩףĲħǿߡһͷϳʨͷ­ħǿߡһſֲħ·һ޴ħԴͷĹħħǿߡ
ħǿÿһ϶ɢһ˿Ϣk˾ħһʥʿǿߡǲħʥʿΪ¥ħǿΪסǹħħǿΪŶ
ħһ֮Χ֮²ҸȼĵȨΪ˽ӻ֮⣬Ϊʥʿħš
ֻҪʥʿħţħһԶܱɱɾΪԵkǵȫȾ壬kֱתΪħ
¥Ķǰħɽ쿡һĨ֮ɫ૵ڵʱˣһԸڿԴˣ
һضƬͨѶзƭķӦٶȣֻܹƭһСʱҪħ֮ھͺˣеkϵĻȫгʱ䣬ɵǸϹ
ŶɫָһţһֻֻȻɳɵǰħɽΧһ¼һ˿˿ޱȵ˷ɢȥ
ǰħɽ֮ڴһⲨҲǹޱȵ
΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһͷ峤ףͷͷʨͷͷŽɫƬצʨצצʮצӣβĿֲޡ
һͷֲһ֣һſڣֱӽһֱߴʮʯֱǰħɽݺݺȥ
ħﲻҰĵطѵҲ뱻ѹ𣡣
һǰħɽӡҫ֮γһ޴İԲν硣
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һսʧʥʿǿߣ˵شȻûԸƴ
ʥʿʧκ˵شҪ֪ʿ֮УϵҲֻһʥʿǿػ
֮ǿѷԱ߹ߣֹǿӡͬʱǵǿɱҲԷٳɳøˡ
һᣬͬ˽֮顣
֮໥ɣҪɶԷĴꡣ
ǿ߲˽ʿɱɱһΪ˼ӿɵĽ̡


1008 ӳ֮
ɵĽԽ죬ԹԽϾӵߵĴڡ
ûϣʱһ߱ʿ磬ȫһ֮ѹʿ֮еˡ
Ȼǿʿ磬ͬٱʿɱΣգʿ֮еǿ߻øˣѸٵĽⱾǼӿɽ̱Ҫðķա
ߴ鳤֮һֱӷԴ֮йһǰأǹǿɱ
ߴϵԼʿ֮ҰĲǿߣҲ˻ءǿɱ
Ļеս֮ˮÿһγܹĹǿߡ
ʿʳҲɳսǼս֮ɱ
һǿޱȵǼս֮ӱԪˡټȡӣ졢īĵ๫ϵҲųҫޱȵĹâ
ɻʳʹ
΢΢һЦһӣһӡˮװżʮöħ֮ķӡħֱӷ˽֮У֮ǲħ֮棡
ѹ˲ħ֮֮λǲħ֮˶ʮо֮Žħ֮ó֮
֮һ´򿪷ӡˮףĬģһָһɫĹâһûǲħ֮ķӡħ֮ڡ
һɲħ֮İۼֲϢһööӡħ֮
֮¶һ˿֮ɫ棬ȻһЦ棬Ѿǰʥǿߡûв´Ѿ׼۲֮𣿡
̹ȻûѾ۲֮Ľ׶Ρ
֮֮һĨ֮
֮ʥʿı־κһʥʿӵпֲޱȵĲ֮ƾֵĲֲֿ֮ѹʥǿߡ
ܹǰʥ֮۳֮ʿ֮еţӵʿʵ֮˵ľ콾
֮΢΢һЦ棬㻹ΪԼߵĵ·ãǰǽɻʳһַ֮档̫ʱλַһӳ֮ڡӳ֮ڶӦûкܴĺôǷҪȥ
ȥ
֮ȡһˮƣһա
һޱȵĹâһϣһ̣ԭʧ
оΧռ˺˫һһħܳ桢Ԫسӯ֮С
Ӵޱȵ˷ϯȥոǧףѾľ
ַ̾
ʥĿֲʵһɨǵʮҲȫǡ֮ȴֻܹǧףȻ֮б졣
һɻֺ롢޴صԶɢ΢΢һΣ˳һķԴֱӷȥ
֮һףɢϢĹȺǰ
һƬȺ֮еĹÿһʹ˼ΪϡĲƶɣǽƬȺȫʮϵеսˡ
ǹȺһߴʮ׵ľ޴ڣǾ޴ޱȵ֮ϣµӡ
һȦȦǿޱȵĲǾ޴Ϊģ˷ɢȥ
һɵһǧ֮ڣʱо֮Ԫ֮һңһɾ޴Ӵ֮ϴ
汾ҲԳȡԼСУǴ֮е⡣۳СʿĿֲ֮ʲôĻ֮ڣֲܹս
ֻ΢΢һֱӴ֮н䵽˵ϣӳ֮ȥ
ʮʿǿߣǽɻʳĵǿ£޵һʱĿֲʿʳ
һӳ֮ڸ㿴ʮǿ߷ֱڲͬĵطÿһ϶ɢʿ۷Ŀֲв΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
ǵ纣ʥ֮У֮ʿֻʮˡӳ֮Χʿ۷塢ʥĿֲǿ͸ߴʮˡǽɻʳĵֲ֮ɼһߡ
ʳΪ̾ޱȣʵɲ⡣Ϊʿʳ鳤֮ǰ˽֮ǳ֮⣬ֻ溣ǿΪ档
ʵϣ۵̣ѾĿƼ˶ʿʳȻһءܹռս߼սܹʿʳ⡣
һеȣòӢɢһɲʵ溣ʿ˹΢Цãǽ㡣սħɣ
ûҾ棡
棡
սħ棡
Ǹ˵֮Уʱϣʿʵ۵սħ棡
ѹħ֮еĲħ֮棿

ӳ֮Χŵʿ֣׷˫ۣһĿⶼϡ
ʱѾͨСѾλʿĶ㣬ǿߡ
ǽɻʳʿÿһ֮еţ콾֮е콾ȴҲòϣʱѾԽ˵kǡ
һӳ֮λѾΪһ壬ӵޱȵǿһӳΪǰĵ·
ӳ֮ڷԲһ׵ķΧ֮ڣӳ֮ڵķΧһʶͻᱻþ֮ڣܻþֿ顣
ӳ֮ԽǿȾͻԽоΣգֹͣǰϾڻþ֮зһУӳ֮ϡ
ӳ֮һ׵ǧһǿȵȼÿһǧ׶һǿȵȼһǧ׵һ֮䣬ÿһһǿȵȼ֮ڣÿʮһȼܹӳ֮ڰ׷Χ֮ڣôϲѾԼҪߵĵ·۲֮ˡܵ
΢΢ͷӳ֮ڿȥ
ʮʳʿ֮Уʮֲǧ׵ǧ׵ķΧ֮ڡʮֲǧ׵ǧ׵ķΧ֮ڡǷֲǧ׵һǧ׵ķΧ֮ڡ
Ƿֲǧ׵ǧ׷Χ֮ڵʿʿ۷弶ǿߣʮֲǧ׵ǧ׷Χ֮ڵǰʥĿֲǿߡ
Ҳ˵һλ֮УɻʳŶʮʥĿֲǿߡ
ֲǧ׵һǧ׷Χ֮ڵİʥǿ˫۽գȫעԼ֮УɢһֲֿޱȵϢ
۲֮һ̤ӳ֮ڵ֮ڣʱ˫һһ³һƬտޱȵĿռ֮ڡ
Ķ棬վһһɫʿۣޱʿ
滺ڵСʧˣеرҲͳͳʧô˵ܹģֻʣԼҪԼԸ˵˼𣿡


1009 
С硢رʧսһ½屶ϡ
һʿĿһۣһ±ʿڵĿֲǰ̤һһſֲޱȵ壬գֱӺȥ
ûرҲһͨʿܹƵģ
΢΢һЦкâһֱһȭ̺ſֲޱȵ壬ʿֱӺƬ
һɱһʿ֮󣬹â΢΢һʿȻƬռ֮ڡ
ʿһΣת壬ֱӺȥ
һĨâһֲֿޱȵɴȻ֣·һֲĺڶһ㣬ʿһʿֱ˽ȥ
ǿֲޱȵ֮һʿͱֱһա
û۳֮ҲѾİʥǿ֮Уʿڵǿ߸Ķ֡
ʿڵʿһʧһʿ۷弶ǿ߱ǰ
ֱǰ̤һһɴȻ֣һʿ۷ǿֱɡ
ÿһʿǿߣĸ֪ڲԴԴӿһǿޱȵ
ǻþռ֮һͷһͷʿ۷ǿ߲ϳ֣Ȼֱɣһһصӿڣ𽥲һ˿˿
һһʿ۷ǿ֮һʥǿȻǰ
һʥǿһ֣һɴȻ֣ʥǿֱɡ
һǿİʥǿ֣߳Ȼ˲䱻ֱɡ
ÿƶٶȣ
ǧˣǧˣȻǰʥǿߣ

Ǵӳ֮Եʿǿ׵̤ǧҵľ룬жһĨ֮ɫ
ӳ֮ǧ׵ǧ֮ǰʥֻаʥ֮еһǿ߲ܹ̤Ƭ
İʥս󲿷յرӳ֮ǰеᱻᡣֻǰʥ֮ʵΪǿĴڣܹ̤ӳ֮ǧ֮ڡ
һǧŰף̤һǧŰˣ
˵ܹħ֮ʿ⣬Ȼ٣
һǧŰףζŷʤΤܿͬһľš

̤ӳ֮ڵһǧŰ֮ӽӳ֮ڵǿջ˫֮лָɣĿ΢΢һڵķλȥ
Ϊһĸߴͷɢÿһͷһһİʥŷʤüͷ΢΢һ˭
һһβʳòȥԼʮһİʥΤЦŷϴսħ棡ߴ鳤֮һ
ǴһɫʿۣһͷںڳòΪľɫŮܿսħ棿溣ǿôӳ֮ڣ
ΤЦǵϢ̫ˡѾǰʥǿߣҲ֮ǰʥĶħ֮սƽ֣
ŷʤɫ䣬һ𺧣ʧеôܣ
ŷʤǽɻʳ֮ǿİʥǿߡǽ֮ûִƵۼرʵҲѷ
ŷʤǿ͵ʿһĿޣԼʵǽɻʳ֮ϣΪʥʿİʥǿߡħ֮һսܿ䣬ƾطӵһ
Ƕħ֮ʵǿŷʤޱȡȻܹħ֮սƽֱ֣
Τ֮ǰħ֮ǿսħڱҲսħֱѹˡ˵ʱħ֮ѾһʥʿħʵѾָʥʿڡ
ŷʤһۣвһĨ֮ɫһ̾治֮ӣ
ÿһʱᵮ˾šħ֮ʡֲ˾š
ܿĿһۻӦҪ۲֮֮ûôۣ
ŷʤΤҲ΢΢ͷ
ۣ֮Ҫڰʥ֮۳֮Ǿ͸ѡʳʥ֮еٮٮߣ֮еţ۳֮ȴһҲûС
˫ͬʬһ㣬һߣһǧ׵ıֱ߽ͣ
ǻþռ֮УʱѾһˣһһģһͬɢŰʥֲǿվǰ
ĵˣԼȤӳܹ֮ұ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ָһţһž޴ޱȵɴȻ֣Լĸֱϯȥ
һߣǸ֮ͬһֲֿɴգɴ໥һ
ɿֲ֮֮н֯ԪԼеһͳͳɡ
ĸԶ֮ƿظǿֲkݵһɴգһĽɴɣøӵĿֲ
һĨ֮ɫ帡ֳӡת㲻壬һʱΧ֡
΢΢һΣʱ֮£ٶȶʱʮһԷӶȥ
һӰģǸͬʱⳤӣ˲Ϣ֮ǰһ̺ſռ塢塢ɰ壬ŰԵޱȵɱһȥ
˫һ±óת㲻壬ںذ壬һȭǸֱӺȥ
¡
һ춯صĿֲ֮У汾һ±ֱһѪһʧ
磬汾ҲһѪ˫һ»ָɣڵĴͬǿһ㣬˵ϡ
һ˿˿ޱȵħܴӳ֮汾
ŷʤ˼һĻ΢һ״ǧ׽ޣǾһСĴ
ԭ
˫ۣڵӵдʥܹʼѸٵĽ൱һʥǿΪսѸٵԼʲô֮
渴ľΪԼյһа嶼汾޲𡣿Ǹãȴ汾屶ϡ
汾ΪԼѾƿȱǸĴڣʶԼԶԶ㡣
ǴʥԽ֮£治ϽŸжģʽƿģʽÿһÿһ붼ڱǿ
һޱȵġҺȻɳûĿУһ˿˿ǿޱȿֲ˲䱬ָеơ
һ˫ۣĿӳ֮ڣתطӳ֮ڹͨһ±ڤڤ֮еĿռ֮ڡ
ˣ
濴ٴγֵĸ壬һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣӭȥ
һ֮ٴһѪָѡ
ûã֮ٴν˻þ֮ڡ
ΤǷ棬пһƴ
ŷʤûõģҪͻһأͱͨжģʽԼƿأʵܸ塣çײıĲϳֻǰװԴ


1010 ͻʥ߽
ŷʤĻո£ֱǰһԽһǧ׵ĽޣҡҡλžŰ׵Ľ޷ȥ
ŷʤһĻ鶼͹Щʧ̬ؽеôܣôôԼĸ壡
ŷʤѾӳ֮ǰ꣬ڣʱ޿̲Լĸսʵͻͽȴ޷ٽһ澹ȻôԼĸ壬ֱ졣
ΤЦһ£һĨĽ֮ɫ֮ӹȻܹó
֮ܿҲһĨ֮ɫһ̾Ҳ̫ˣ
һͻƣŷʤ˻⡣ǽһ첻Ѿͻǧ׽ޣֱ졣
ȻҲܹʥĿֲйء
ʥǿһܹݳһǿޱȵķ
ʿһ£˼ǿط඼ɸ߽ʿݶЩʥǿ߸֪ܵĴڡ
κһʥǿ߽ٵͬһ׾پܹΪȫ֪ȫܣܵΨһĴСǼȫ֪ȫܵkǿֲļ
ӵдʥܹ൱һʥǿΪʱֹ̽ĽȻֲޱȡ
Ҫ֪ǰ˴ʿʳʱʿʵǵĵӡŮûһʥǿڵk飬ҹΪkǽֹ
ʥǿ߾Ƿ貵İ˴ʿʳʱҲǿߡʿʵǶͬԼĴʥмӣkΪԼұۡ
ЩʥǿȻԶԶ˴ʿʵ۵Ķֻ֣Ҫk׼һЩرǿǰ˴ʿʵ߻ǰõġ
ǰ˴ʿʵ֮Уֻп֮֮󣬱÷׷ԼʥתΪˡŵĿܡ
ǿܻʳ֮еʥҲΪ£׷״ӿܻʳ֮롣ܻʳһʵ˥ֻʣ¿֮͵kġŵĿܡûã㴫˿֮Ѷ
൱ӵдʥǿߵĲʶȻ١
ǾŰױ߽ߵʱͣסŲǻþĿռ֮УȻһˣһ塣
ĸΧſֲޱȵŤռ䣬ĿĮĶ棬һӡ
汾ǰһ³һֲޱȵĿռѷ죬汾һնء
ռ֮У
ɫ䣬ת㲻壬ѸٵĻָȻ𣬷Լĸ幥ȥ
ĸĿ䣬תռ壬ڵk巽Բǧ֮ڣռȫŤ
ĸֹŤҵĿռ֮У׷׶һδ֪ؿռ֮ڡ
һصĿռ֮д˷ն֮ϣնѷ졣
Ѿת㲻壬ʱ壬廷һʱ֮ϣٶȼӿʮϣȴȻǹޱȵĿռ乥֮У˺ۡ
汾һ¶˺ۣƬѪ֮أͬʱһ˲䣬ָɡ
˫֮˫֮г˻ϲ֮ɫǽռ޵ĵ·Ҳǽ֮תΪռ䲻֮ĵ·ӳ֮ڣȻߵ̫ˡ
ǻþռ֮е渴ǽռ޵Ĵڣǿռƿ汾ʮϡ潫Ҫݿռ壬ǰĵ·Ҳûһ˿ã
ֱڵϣ˫۸ֳصӡڵǴʥܹҲתǿռ¡
֮ǰȻܹÿռ壬ǶǿռʮǳҲûһͨռǿߡӳ֮еĸ൱õʦȻ˷ܲѡ
ӳ֮ʵҲǽɻʳΪҪĵ֮һûж⿪šǽɻʳ֮ܵһŻýӳ֮ڵĻᡣ
һµַʿʵַʳĵ̣õkǸֲȫûжϴķա
ǿռ弫Ϊ£ӳ֮ǰһǰꡣ
֮
˫֮ӡʧָɣһվ壬ͨӳ֮ڡ
ˣ
ڿʼսˣ
ҶһξԻʧܣ
Ҳʧܣ

һӳ֮еʿǶһ˷һĿⶼϡ
ӳ֮ڻɢһɾޱȵħܣЩʿǵкô˵kǲŻ۴˵أ׵뿪
ߵʿʳʿΪϡٵһҪԭʿʳĶǿǶͬӳ֮ؾ֮ǵ򲻵ѵĵزٻǿ뿪Լ֮ء
Щʿʥʿǿһչؿޡа壬ꡢǧȥѾЩǿ߶׵ĳ˵֮С
˴ʿʳʱ֮ƣǿꡣһϹﲻϵĳ֣ΪЩǿ߷׷׳ΪʥʿʿʵۼǿߵĻԵ
ʱƽΪЩʿϵǿǶһؾ֮пޣԸκ顣
һ֮һ¶˿ڣѪĽء
ʧˣ
Ȼʧˣ
ʱ䣬ôͻƣ

ЩʿǶ棬жһĨϧ֮ɫ
ڶʿźĿ֮УһŤĿռΧ֣·˺Ŀռš
صĿռӡȻ֣ڡ
˿һ˲ȫϡ
һԽ˳ǾŰ׵ĽޣһֱŰ˰׵Ľ޷ȥ
ͻˣ
ͻˣ
˿ռ壬һµļһ

Щʿһ֮ɫʧе
ǽɻʳ֮ʿ֮УǿͻƾŰ׽޵İʥǿֻҪû䣬ͬʱûֹͣ϶ΪʥʿĿֲڡ
ǾŰ׽ֱ֮Ϊʥ߽ޣ赲˽ɻʳ콾澹Ȼͻʥ߽ޣҲζ潫ʥʿѾûʲô
ʥʿÿһһػʮʿǿÿһǽɻʳľţǽܹȽʥʿһҲûСŷʤҲֻĿܽʥʿˡ
ŷʤĶ棬Ҳ¶һ˿εĿЦ˺ǲܹȣ
ΤҲĿ⸴ӵĿЦ֮ӣȻЩܹĴڡ
ǰ˰׵Ľ֮һͣ£ڻþ֮һ¶һһʱⳤӣʱ渴塣
ʱ壡һεĶ֣ʱĸ壡̫ˣ
һһʱʱ⸴壬˫֮һ¶һ˿˷ޱȵĹâ
ǾͨʱĶ֣滹ǵһĶ֣Ҳõʦ
ǰ̤һҲһʱⳤӣʱټӿʮԼĸֱӷȥ


1011 ӳ֮ڱ
ֹ
ĸ忴汾ƽޱȵ
һɲ֮䣬һʱһоȻʱһͣͣ嶼þֹеӡḻֹһʱƬ֮ϡ
ĸȻ̤һƵĳ汾ǰֱӴȥ
Ѿʱ壬Իûκθо֮£Լĸֱȥࡣ
Ȼʱ֮£Ȼо¸޷һ˿ĿǸһץԼ֮ڣ˳
ӳ֮ǰؿںȻըѿƬѪأֱӷɳ
֮ǰ˫һ»ָɣһҲֱӵɻԼǻѸٵԶ
ÿһʥʿѾǷһĳڣԶָҲʮ顣
ʱ侲ֹ˲ʱ壡
˫һָɣʱ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʱ侲ֹʱĸ߼ӦáȻĿǰʵתʱ壬ȫԽ»ʿµĴʱ侲ֹҪֹ»ʿħǿߵʱȴв
»ʿϵĴڱѾħĴڡkʿǿֻʵϵĲ࣬ûбϵΨʥʿϲųԽ»ʿ
ĸܹתʱ彫汾ֱʱ侲ֹʱռֱ졣
һĨ֮̾ɫȻֹܹͬǿߵʱ䣬ʱֻ֮Ҳˣ治ı
ӡ˫֮и֣ǴʥܹѸٵʱİ
ٴ¡
ʱţʮʱת˲š
ʮ˫ۻָɣͨӳ֮ڣ˻þռ֮ڡ
ڿʼսˣ
Ϊܹܲսɹ
ò£ĹܹóƲ⣡

Щɻʳʿǿ¶˷֮ɫ
һ֮֮һ±һɿֲʱһ˿˿ʱϢΧơ
ʱ֮ʱ䷨򣡣
ʱ壬Ȼʱ壡
һ

ǽɻʳʿһж֮ɫʧе
ʱǿԲİ֮һһʿʳʱ֮ʱǿ߲ˡ
ƽһҲûһܹʱ塣ǰ˴ʿʵ֮УҲֻеһʿʵʱ֮ʱ塣ߴʿʵۣÿһǾžޣ޵еǵkҲʱ䷨ûһʱ塣
ʱ塢ռ壬˰壡ǵkܹص˰壬һ˿ϣΪߡ
棬˵Ϊĵһߡ

ǽɻʳʿ۷׷ףж֮ɫ
ʿߵַҴЩ֮ƶϳʿʵۼǿҪߣһְ֮⣬ʱ塢ռ塢˰壬ڻܹͨΪߣ겻࣬㲻
֮Уռ廹о򡣿ʱ塢˰ȴ̫£ա
ʱ֮ҲΪ⣬ܹʱ壬ʱΪΪʿʵۼǿߡ
֮УѾʱ塢ռ壬ѾĿǰʿ֮Уϣ׳Ϊߵš
ǰһһͻ˰˰׵Ľޣ߰׽޵ķȥȻ߰׵Ľ֮ͣ¡
ǻþռ֮ڣٴγһĸ塣
һĸ·һ޴ĺڶһдڣߡͳͳkֱɡ
ʥĿֲʵҲֻܹƾ賬֪о渴Ĵڣ壬Ҳ޷ʹ֪ĸ塣
ĸ΢΢һһſһеĿֲڶëȻһеĿֲƴ汾ѹȥ
һĨ֮ɫһ¸ֳһʱⳤӣʱһ¼ٶʮȥ
ǸݻгɵĿֲڶڵķһգǿֲޱȵ֮˲䱬һ汾֮ϡ
ǿֲ֮֮£һıǿֲޱȵĺڶȥ
ĬģǸݻĿֲڶһָ
ָǿޱȵĵ幥ɱͬˮһǿֲޱȵĺڶֱӺȥ֮һҫâ
ǿֲĺڶ΢΢һţ׾ٵĽ幥ɱֱɣûһ˿
΢΢һжӳ֮ڵϵǻþ֮˳Ǹɰ弫ΪֲһǸݻγɵɺڶɣ汾˵ҲıֱӸɵ
ʿ֮Уӵֵξ֮ڿԸԤʵͬǻþĸ汾֮пɻþתΪʵĴڡ
ɰ޵ĵ·̫ˣ
һָѣ˫֮б֮ɫ
ɰԼĵ·ûеۼطԲգֻܹһǸĳٴνɰĵ·չǰ
һڵϣ˫۸ֳӡʼǴʥļɰ¡
ʱţʮʱת˲š
ֱվͨӳ֮ڡ
˵ܹͨ𣿡
Ӧÿ԰ɣ

һЩʿǶ˫ۣߣ۷׷ס
ǻþ֮ڣɺڶ໥֯˺һֲޱȵĺڶ֮ĿֲϽ֡ġ
汾˫֮иֳޱȵӡݣԼɰøǿ
Ǹݻγɵɺڶɺڶ֮£һıһ˿˿ޱȵǸﴫûڡ
һᣬǸֱӱȻ֮䣬һɼ޾̺֪ʶصͬɽһӿڡ
꣡
һ֮Уӳ֮һ³һ޴ޱȵѷ죬һֱ̣ѿ
ô£
ӳ֮ڣѿˣ
ǿı

ڳĽɻʳʿǿѿӳ֮ڣһĿɿڴԼ۾
ӳ֮ڿı¾סǴʥǿߣƴȫõۼرҲ޷ӳ֮һ˿˺
ӳ֮ھȻĿѣЩɻʳʿǶĿɿڴ𺧲ѡ
һɫӳֱ֮ӷɳһûڡ·һ±仯ΪһֲĺڶԴԴϵһɫ
ûһɫϢͱǿһ֡
ӳ֮ڵһѿɽѣХϯһĩյľ


1012 ۲֮
׷ʲô飿
򣬿Ҫ군ˣ

飬ɽѵĩվǽɻʳʿûһңһ¸ֳһǿޱȵķ֡
ӿҽֲľʯЩʳʿ֮ϣȻ׵ɿ޷˺kǷֺ
ʿʿÿһʵǿףһ˱ܹ׵Ĵݻһ磬ĵϵλ汬ըǿֲλ汬ըܹ˺kǡ
ӳ֮ڵ粢һĵλ棬һؾؾԱ˺ʿʿ
ЩʳʿĿⶼϣж֮ɫ
ֻԴԴϵɫӳ֮ûڣصӡ߸֡
ЩʳǿһĨĽ֮ɫkǶǴӳ֮л˾޴ĺô
ȴûǰȥš¹ȥףǾǲݵ𡣾нɻʳӻҲԲưոݡ
һɿֲޱȵĿռ֮֮и֣һȷ·ռγɵĿռȻ֡
һȿռΧһƬʱһʱȻ֣ǿռΧ
һſźɫǳ측֣Ǻɫǳ֮Уһſֲޱȵĺڶһֲޱȵĺڶÿһ·ʱ䡢ռȫɣ·һ涼ɡ
Ǻɫǳ֮⣬һž޴ޱȣ·ܹѹһеľ޴ǳ
һ֣ӡһûڡ
һ˿˿ʥ֮
֮ǲ֮
Ȼ۳֮
۲֮԰ʥ֮۲̫֮ˣ

ЩɻʳʿĶ棬ж֮ɫ
ŷʤǰɢһ˿˿Ϣ棬һĨɬһ̾ţĳǲ˻·
ŷʤǽɻʳʿ֮ĵһţħ֮ʽ֣ҴӵkȫˡŷʤôŬ޷ԽǸޣڰʥ֮۳֮
ڰʥ֮۳֮ǿ߲ǱΪš˴ʿʵ۾Щڰʥ֮۳֮ǿ棬Щڰʥ֮˲֮ǿһһ֮յǶλΪʿʵۣ޵һʱ
ŷʤΤܿǿ߶СİʥǿߣǾڰʥ֮ҲһСħ֮ʡڰʥ֮۳˲֮ǿ߲˾
ΤҲ΢΢ЦЩˣ˾Ĵڡ
ܿһ̾ʱǵʱǻ취ʥʿɣǴ֮вܹһ
ŷʤΤܿǿ߾ǽɻʳĿǰϣʥʿǿߡرŷʤۻǴʱʥʿɵĿһ죬Ϊʥʿǿߡ
ŷʤһҪڰʥ֮۲֮ӳ֮ǰꡣڿ澹Ȼڶ̶̲ʮʱ۳˲֮ʱмΪɥ
ӡû֮һ˫ۣ˫۶ʱͬǳһ˿˿ֲޱȵʥ
ʥʿѹ
껹ǰʥȴѾ۳˲֮ǲ֮ɢʥ۳ɹˣ

һĽʵĿһԽɻʳʿϡkǶ治䣬ʥʿ
ҵĲ֮ʱ塿㶯һְ壬ȹȥǿʮϡ˲֮ԴԴϵṩǿرطԶá
һԼĲ֮֮΢΢һɨʱоĲ̺֮֮ſֲޱȵİ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ʱ֮Ҳûһһ֮£ܶħ֮氵ľߡڣȫħ֮һս
һâҫŷʤֱӳǰ
ŷʤã棬ǽɻʳŷʤΤܿԽ𣿡
΢΢һЦһǸȻû⣡ˣӳ֮ڱҲСĻٵˣǸ
ǵˣκɽɻʳսħܵѡӳ֮ǽɻʳĵ֮һڱٵˣȻʮΡ
ΤһЦǲһ飬Ӧȥ֮˵ӦҲ顣Ͼ֮ܵѡ
ȻѾ۳˲֮ǽʥʿֱټսħڵħ֮涼ܹѹǿߣɻʳȻá
ͨɢ޸ҽɻʳӳ֮ŪǽɻʳԲưոݣ㶯ôʥǿߣҲԻὫɢѹɱ
ŷʤ˫֮֮ɫһɰʥ۷Ŀֲ֮л棬дһ·𣿡
΢΢һЦã
Τһӣһ޴Ŀռֱӳֵߣȥٹ磡
ŷʤԼڳĽʳеʿ׷׻һûһȾ޴Ŀռڡ
ɻʳܲʹ֮ڡ
֮һ԰֮ڣޱȵĵ¼ħħ֮ɳˡ
һޱȵĳֲʢ޵Ļ䣬һ˿˿ޱȵħܴǻ֮зɳû˽֮ڣõkΪÿʱÿ̶ܹ
Ȼ֮䣬֮ü΢΢һ壬һ̾ӳ֮ڱ٣۳֮һϢһϢ
֮֮һĨâһļɨһۣ΢΢һ֮̾ڰʥ֮۳֮ĿǰǿˡҲֻǼصĹܹ⡣ңǼڰĹųˡ
֮λһ˰˴ʿʳǰ˴ʿʳʱͬǿޱȵʿţдʥǿػʿš
һЩʿǰ˴ʿʵ桢սհˡЩʿŲֱǰ˴ʿʵۼ𣬲ǶϢ
ǰ˴ʿʵ۴󲿷ȷǷֻҪѪȻҲıǰ׷ɱЩʿӹһ١
ڰ˴ʿʳʱͬŵԼʿţڻʳʱ
ʿʳΪ׵ἯһҵʣһǷɢãã֮С
ЩʿȻҲҪò֮λİȨɸѡķԴһΪֲš
֮⣬ǳʳʳʳÿһʳķԴԼšⶼÿһʳ߻ܡ֮ҲԼһЩ鱨
֮֮һĨ˷ܣ΢΢һЦǹʧŷʤҪд跨ȤҲȥ˲֮浽жǿ


1013 ŷʤ
ٹͬҲһؾΧΪ൱һС硣
ٹ֮ڣޱȵӡǴʥǿ߽Ҳ޷ݻ硣
ٹϷһˮǣһɻʳ溣ϵǿˮ֮һڴ·ȥ
һռǧĸˮǾٹĹϯ
ٹ֮еս۶ôңᲨǹϯ֮ϡ
һŷʤս˵Ѿ۳֮ŷʤһ䶨ˣ
Ҳ˵ո۳֮δܹǲ֮ӳŷʤʤ
ô˵㿴ŷʤ
һǸ棡ΪŷʤӦܹƳ涯汾¡
ҲΪŷʤϾǽɻʳʥ֮еĵһ֣㲻Ķ֣ӦҲܹƵʹ汾

ˮڣǽɻʳǿǶ۷׷ףûһΪŷʤӮǶڴŷʤܹƵ涯汾£Ǽʶһǲ֮Ŀֲ
Ůˣ
ˣ

һȻˮ֮ڣһĿ㼯֮˶ð
ֻǽ֮һĨ磬ŮʿĻ֮£󲽵˽
£
ˮ֮溣ǿһǽ֮΢΢һ
ʿǿǽַؿ֮ǰһ
ǽ֮Ȼǽɻʳ֮ʿǿҲkй
֮΢΢ͷߵˮԵΤܿ˲У·ȥ
Τܿŷʤ֮ǽɻʳ֮ϣʥʿĴǿߡ֮н֮λߣҲѷһ
ŷʤܹʥʿǽʥʿǿߵλڽ֮ϡ
ǽ֮ͬŵרŸɻʳĸ¡ǽɻʳ֮еʥʿǻ϶ڱչ棬Ը¡
ǰ˴ʿʳʱʿʳҲЩ溣ʿʿǿߡ
ЩʥʿʿʵۼǿǶ׷Ѱİkֻش棬ųɾϵ溣ʿʿ
ʲôʱ溣ʿʿǿ߶ʿ֮еĸ߲㣬ž޴Ȩ
ٹվŶˣŷʤ档
ŷʤ󷽷̹Ȼ棬Ѿ˲֮һȫ֣ϣҲǶʲôޡڱ֮Уʲô֮飬ҵꡣ
Ѿ۳֮Ϊ˰ʥ֮۷ǿߡŷʤʮԼĶֻ֡д跨Լ֮Ĳ࣬ɲ뱻ᣬֱָɵ
΢΢һЦŷʤģ㾡ֺܳˡһġ
Сˣ
ŷʤһȣһ¸ֲֳޱȵӡѪ֮ڣӡ֡
һɲ֮䣬ŷʤ仯Ϊһͷףӡɢһ˿˿ʼϢĳʼ
ǳʼʵֲޱȣԹΪʳÿһ춼Ҫһͷ׺סǳʼ׸ǿֲޱȣǴʥĳʼ׾ʿʵۼǿҲܹճɻҡ
ŷʤ仯Ϊʼ֮ſһ磬һ·ܹѹһУһУһеĿֲ˲ڱգϯ
ɲ֮䣬Բǧ֮ڣ¶һǧϣطðһ档
ŷʤĳʼĿֲ׻ֲ˼㣬ںͻ塣ǳʼ׵Ļ۵˼㣬ûй¶һ˿ȴͬΧԪصĹΧһƬ𺣡
ͨ磬ŷʤһܹɻ溣󣬽ͳͳ
˫֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ޱȵӡΧĿռһŤһŤĿռĳ֡
ǳʼһŤĿռ֮ϣӲĽŤޱȵĿռֱӷա𣬾ֱϯȥ
һһصŤռΧ֣·޾һ㡣
ǳʼһݻŤռ䣬Ȼֱӵһ޿ռ֮ڡ
һֱ̣Ӵһ֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬ֲޱȵ˲䱬һֲޱдŷʤ仯γɵĳʼڱ˷ɢȥ
ƬѪŷʤ仯ɵĺ䣬õkһ춯صı֮΢΢һΣ޴ޱȵֱӴ֮׹䵽˴֮ϡ

ŷʤˣ
棬Ȼǿֵز
̫ˣ
ţ

ڳڶǿһһĶ棬г֮ɫ
ŷʤǽɻʳʿ֮еһ֡ǽ֮õۼرҲδǵkĶ֡
ŷʤħ֮ʽ֣ҴӶԷȫˡĿֲǿ߾ȻһоͰУֱš
棬ȻǿҪرˣСģ
ŷʤ仯γɵĺ˫۳죬Χֳһ˿˿ռһɢʥرʥ顿Ȼ֣һ·˵kС
һɲ֮䣬ŷʤĳʼڵȫָͬʱһСʮңһ˿˿ֲޱȵʥǳʼ
ɨŷʤһۣ˫ӡ֣ʥ顿תΪƲ֮Ĵڡ帺ܴɡǿȵսȫֲ֧3ӡ
ûʥ顿ҵĲ֮Ĳ֮ȻǵҲ潻ֵ
ŷʤ˫֮ȵĻ棬ȻһģϷݺһצ塢壬ȥ
ʼ˵ĴڣͿԲ塢壬ҽְںϡֵĿֲkû㲻壬ҲԱܵʹðںϵ
ֹ
ɨŷʤһۣ
һʱ˲ŷʤΧһ˲䣬kоԼ˼άж·𶼱һ㣬ٶһ±ûʮϣȫ޷ת磬һ綯ţ
ʱ侲ֹԸ˲֮ǿ߹ȻЧҲֻܹԷƶٶȡ
濴һ±ţŷʤ¶һ˿˼֮ɫŷʤһȭŷʤı
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уŷʤͬһһ׹䵽˴֮ϣغһ޴ĶѨ
ŷʤһһѪǡʥ顿ҲֱϢһ±ޱȡ
ˣ
ŷʤһΰˣ
ǿ棬ĺǿ
۳˲֮һ˲֮İʥֻѾ֮ʿ֮еĵһǿߣ

ˮ֮ڣЩɻʳʿǿŷʤ³ǡʥ顿¶һ˿˿ޱȵ顣


1014 
һɫĹâ΢΢һŷʤһ»ָΣһӵĿ棬΢΢һ̾ˣ
ŷʤһӵ棬ҽ֣˼
߳
ʵ˲֮֮ԸŷʤֻҲǴȻҪŷʤӡ
ŷʤһ΢΢ҡͷһЦ߳ɣô˵Ըңֻɵһµļһߣȥһ
Ҳˬã
ŷʤΤܿЩɻʳľŽϣΪʥʿΪһػǿڡȻơ
Ҫ֪ʿʵۼǿߣ޵Уѹλ棬ͬκһʥʿ
ɻʳܲõľƵȪڡ
ŷʤΤܿԼӳ֮ΧʿǻһãƣŸλķ飬֮Ĺذ
ӳ֮Χɻʳʿÿһռʮλ棬ӴޱȵԴʶ㣬۽硣
ƹѲ
ŷʤ棬Ѿ۳˲֮һʲô㣿
ЦҴչعһԼΪ
ʵѾ˴㣬һǱ漲֮ڣ취ȡĺĿƼ
֮У巢չƣȴߵǻеƼƼںϵ·ӡ
Ǽļ֮ʿʵۼĿֲǿߡܹõкĿƼƼͻ÷ԾԵĽչ
ͬǼǿܹ߻ĿƼĿƼҲԻ÷ԾԵĽпܽͻƣüһ¥
ŷʤûȤһ·
һڳʿһֹͣ죬һĿ⼯ϡ
·һΪյ·һ·֮ϣײеĳ೬սеʧƷȻ󱻶·֮ڡ
·֮дգ溣ʿУʮֻʳײʳʿǿ߽Уһʥʿʥǿ߽УҲͬΣء
·Ҳʿûһֲ·
İ˴ʿʵ۾ȫʢʱҲûд·ײдڡ
ʿ֮Уʥʿǿ߾·֮ɱѰҽĻԵ
۹·˵ߵĻԵͰء
ݿԿʷЩ֪߶ǰ·ʲô
·Ҳ֮Ϊ֮·˻ĸЩʿʵ۵֮⣬κһɾ͵ʿʵ۶ǰ·ĥ£Ŀֲսͬ׾콾սֲֿĴڼսԼĵ·ʿʵۡ
΢΢ҡͷĿǰʵ̫ˡҽʥʿ֮ǰ·
ĳ֪֮Ȼ۳˲֮Ҳܹʥʿ֮Ĵڿ⡣
ʥʿҲŵȡЩǿʥʿӵлɱʱʵ·֮УʥǿҲΣգȥ·һȤҲûС
ŷʤ棬Ȥ·Ļһȥһɣ
·֮ΣأЩʥǿ߽ȻҪӽ룬вͻ档
ϣصսħϳ֮ڡ
ȫ㣬һܹյӳ֮Ӧ˵
һת㷨ʱ֪ԼѾʧ˾ųɾϣԼӳ֮ڵӦйء
ӳ֮ڣ̺λĵӳԼǰĵ·ס
ɰҲǴﵽһʮֲֿľ磬ӳ֮ڵĻأŽӳ̺֮ŵȫɡ
Ȼû㹻ˣĿǰɰΪҪӳ֮ڵĻظʼС
˿ãʵȴԽСʵ¼ӵޣ֮ȷЩǿ˵˶ǼΪĴڡ
΢΢һħ֮Уʱȥ𣡡
ӳ֮Ҳһؾ֮ڣǸؾ֮λʱٱΪ10:1ӳ֮λÿȥʮ꣬Ҳֻǹȥһꡣ
ϸħ֮мŵϢ֮Уŷ·ײһðˡ
չص֮Уصͬײһð
졢īյ纣ǰʮѾɱһʿʳŲЩŵͷ̤˺ǰʮλá
Ǽ̳еڰʿʳػʳŲ³ػʳѾճЩɢ֮бʿʳܵļǿʿŽˣΪˡ
³ػʳ˾˵ǵڰʿʵ۳֮һĻ
֮ڰʿʳʿʵۣȻǿʿʵ֮УȴҲһʵʿʵۼǿߡkһ黯ͬҲսֲ
ǳ֮֮£֮УʿֱᣬͶ˳ˡ
ʳǵһʱᣬͶˡ
ǳ֮֮ǰ֮λ涼Ƕʿ硣ǳ֮ԾʣܾһʱĶʿţ֣ſ˳ػʳ
֮絮ţڵkʢʱڣԶ绹ȽϹƽ΢硣
ʱڻ˻ƽչʱڣһԾ붫粢ݡ֮ʿ֮еߴʿʵ۵İٱϡ
ǳ֮ȻȻ綼鸽˳ˡ
ǳһع飬ͻڲ֮λĴء
ͬʱǳҲռݵľŴ֦մ½Ҫ
ʿʳֱռݵ֦մ½û顣ʣµ֦մ½kҪҪ
볿ԣռݵĲ֮λС
ǹǿһԻ񣬲һĵλ볿ֻ¾ͻƴһȨ
ǡ֦մ½ĻƽÿһһۼرĳΣһƽӵʥʿָÿʱÿ̶ڲϵԳΪһǿϳȻۺޱȡ
ҲʮԼ㹻ϣðܻʳһ֦մ½ΪŸ˻ԻʹʥҴ֦մ½֮л˾޴ĺô
ǵû֦մ½ʱԲܳΪ鳤þ޴Ȩ
һâ΢΢һǳ֮ӰȻ֣۾΢΢һ棬ˣܺãܲһˡ


1015 Ӱϣ
᱾
һâ΢΢һ鳤ڣʱ鳤λ֮ϣѾ鳤
棬ˣ
һ棬鳤к
֮ڣ۵Ļеżһ·ɨɱǿߡ
Щǿ߼Ҫɢطɱ۵Ļеŵס鳤ӵӡ
֮ٴҪ֦մ½ʲô
ħ֮ɫԲܹøǣǡ֦մ½ĺ棬Բ˲Ҫʱ򣬿Կ򣬳һս
֮ûԲܹøkǡҲûдڵıҪˡ
֮󣬴֮ӵʥʿǿػʿţҽkǵ֦ܲմ½֮ϡ
ЩʿҲǼܹĴ֦մ½˶ߣôὫܵ޴Ĵ
ʿ֮Уٵı֮£ϲ׷Ȼǿߡ
ֻҪһͷô˵սͻͬʱǿҲὫΪ۵Ķkǳ֡
ļ鳤Ҳ΢΢ͷ֮ͬħ֮ɽǹǿ߷ɱЩ鳤ҲԲԼĺ
ǹǿ߽֮ЩǿΪȻҲƲѣǹǿɱ
ʳҪӡѷҪԭҪɵʱƺ󣬲ҳûոˣԼšǱҪʱ򣬵kǾԻеǿ뿪Ǹߡ
սΪңսߵ³϶Ϊҡ鳤ǾԲԼΪսߵһ
ʥߴ鳤
һԵޱȵ֮н٣һɷ·ѹأѹļ˻ĵĴʥֲ·ѹ
ʥ
Ҳӵдʥǿߣ

֮Уе鳤ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ʥʿһػǴʥǿ߾ʥʿ֮ĴڡЩʥǿԲɱһЩСʥʿɱʿʵۼǿߡÿһʥǿ߶ǲСĴڡ
һâ΢΢һߴ鳤֮УԶȥ
֮оֻ̫ͬһĴսһ̫
Ǿֻսÿһֻӵʿֲ·һſ̫һ㡣ֻսھͬſ̫գԲ֮ڵ±һߵһٶϡ
·ĳſǿĽ磬Ϊһʿµķ˶ȥ
̫ԱߣͷĻƽһʮ˵溣Ůʹµվһԡ
Ǻ֮һˣĸߴ󣬿ף𷢱ۣһϵǴ֮ϣԴĸ鳤
ʱʥʿĿֲӳ֮ڶ
ʤ֮߳ʥԣһĨأʥǰ˵кιɣ
ʤȻʥʿ֮еĶǿߣʥǿ߻һξ޴Ĳࡣ᱾ͬ鲼磬ֲɱﵡ
᱾ʥʿ֣ټϱĸɱﵣʥǿҲмְս֮شѹ
ȻΪˡ֦մ½ǡǲ֮λ浮ľҲǽԿĹؼǳΪһӣȻȨռݼ֦մ½
ֻҪλܹ֦մ½øǳˣôԸɳʥʥʿԼǰλͬսһͬǿߡʥ
ʤϵľܾҪǵǿ߿⡣
նɱǿ߿Իˣ֮Уʥʿ֣ɱŹǿߡ
Щǿڶ󲿷ֹĽ񳲸дģж
սѾȶκβ˹ǿߣǹǿҲͬ޷κ塣֮£ûг˵ν
ʥüͷ΢΢һ壬ɫһ
ڴ֮ϵĿƽޱȵǳ˵ΨһӰϣޡ
ϣ˫ޱȵ֦մ½ǳ־ڱصãϧһս
֮֮һĨâʮҪսǱһս
鳤ҲŰϣޣϱֲޱȵս⡣
֮ҪļӴʿʳյ°ܽʳȻյ°ܽվԼͷϡʱѾ鳤˫սҲֻվһߣһ˻ܣǲ
Ƕ壬ɱֻװױһԻ͹ǿߡǻд跨ķʽ֦մ½Ĺ
ǿѡʥʿµǿһսֻҪһܹңǾʤˡǰˣͽ֦մ½ǡϣƽޱȵ
֮ǰˣҪó֦մ½ǰˣҲҪͬȵĴۡıԺ壬ǲͬôƽĶע
ǡԿס˵ָܹ֮ǿߵִ֮šʮԿ֮һ˵Уǡ֮š˰⡣⡾ԿסһۼرܹʤңѡԿס͹ˡ
ϣ΢΢һЦΧһ¸ֳһ˿˿һӡɢһ˿˿ֲ˲ͭԿȻ֣ƽƽŽ֮ȥ
֮һӹ̺˲ͭԿףһأֱͷųһûǡԿס֮ϡ
ǡԿסâ΢΢һһĪ⣬·ܹһУһ˵Ȼ֣Ȼʧ
֮֮һĨʣ֮ǳ֮⡾Կסģ
ǳ֮Լһһ鿴֮жһĨɣսǡԿס˰ϣޡ
˱Ͼû˺Ƥ֮ȻҲܽǿȵۼرġԿס¡һôֻ»Ϊ¶һ˭Ҳ뿴ս
֮ѯʵô
ǳ֮֮ޱȵɹϵԿסȷʵֵȵۼرǶʿʵۼǿ˵˵֦մ½Ǹ


1016 ֲİϣ
ǡԿסָǿǰ˴ŵıƷЩһҪͻƽߵʿʵ˵ȻޱȣǱȵۼرҪı
Ƕٵ˵ǡԿסȷʵޱȣʵȴ󣬸޷ڶʱ֮תΪս
ĿǡԿסһۣҲ΢΢ҡͷǡԿסȷʵޱȣֻʮѡǶĿǰ˵֦մ½Ҫ
ټƬ֮λΣ
ϣƽޱȣһһŲ֮λĵͼ֮С
һŵͼǲ֮λ֮ǰĵͼͼ֮һʺޱȣһƬطǹȥ֮в˹ءϣ޾ǽĲ˹óע
ʿڹȥռݵĵ̶ǲ֮λĸ֮ء֮֮λ涼ڲϵÿһÿһضӡˣǴڵĵȻĵ̡
֮󣬾ͽԼ֮еİݹֱƿ֮С
֮еĶʿŶŵ˲˹棬Ҳ綥ʿżͶ˵Ҫԭ֮һ
ϣ޾Ȼ˹ĵóʿʳԶģȻҲչֳһĳ⡣
ǰϣްˣô˾ʧȥڲ֮λõһ֮ء
֮üͷ΢΢һ壬ȻչһЦһԵ鳤ʵҾȽϺʣô
֮¶һ˿ζЦעϻ΢ԵȡkԸһ壬ôעϵĲԵȾͿԺˡͬ
ħ֮Ҳ΢΢һЦͬ⣡
ǳ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬༸ȥ
浭һЦҲͬ⣡
ױһĨ⣬ʮֽϣ޼ȻkضʵǿޱȡΪӦôӦսĿǰʵԶڳ֮ϣ㲻ӦҲռʮơ
΢΢ҡͷϣ޼Ȼһ壬kʵضǿޱȡҲߡƽ֮£kһսô˻ôǣ
ĿױһۣЦңױ٣ʱҲõʱǿԶ޷ɳΪһŲЩǿޱȵ֣Ҵû˵˿һֱĬĬţսʿʵۡ
ױһĨ˼һᣬ΢΢ͷͬ⣡
ǳ֮ȻҶͬ⣬Ҳͬ⡣ǳʳʿó潻֣ǲԵ˾š
ǳʳʿ潻ͬΪǿᣬǿĻռͷӡռͷӡȷʵµһִ̨ʵıԣó
ߴ鳤ͳһ㿪ʼǿİʥ֡
һ֮ҫֱ鳤µǿʥ׷׳֡
ǽսŷʤսħڳսȻʯ
ʱʳսһеȣòͨݿµӡ
ʳսһһƤŹǣ·һθʬӡ
ħʳսһֻ۾һߴ׾޽̷Ӣӡ
ħʳսһϴЦݣͨһɫʿ۵ӡ
ʸǿ߾ǿİʥ֡
Ĵǿ߿һۣĬĬŷʤ⣬һʶʿʳصû
֮ŷʤһλǳ˵Ӱϣޣȥkдһ·
ǳ֮һӣһɫǳ֮зɳ֮γһɫľ
ɫľǳʳ֮һʥرǿվʥʿǿɱ
ǣ£
ŷʤ΢΢һΣһûǡǿվ֮ڡ
ϣϴ˵ЦݵλڱԿʼ֮ǰһһǾڱ֮УʹõۼرϾд跨
ŷʤĶʥȼۼرʥʿǿҲԻˣشûеۼرŷʤȼҲ˲ʥʿǿ߱Դ
֮û⣡
ϣ΢΢һЦһһû롾ǿվ֮ڡ
ϣޣСˣ
ŷʤһ롾ǿվ֮ڣĬģӡ֣һɿֲޱȵ֮и֣һ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮ׵ĳʼԥſһ硣
һ׽طٻ٣ĿֲһŰϣϯȥ
ǳ֮һĻ̾ʼף
֮Ҳ̾˲ŷʤǳʳ֮ǿİʥ֮һʥʿҲֻһ֮ңܹʥʿʥʿ֮УҲһһǿߣ
ļ鳤Ҳ΢΢ͷ
ʱʳݿµͨһĨмɻʳŷʤȻ̶ֳֻȣʧ
ݿԻһ˿˿ޱȵŤǿߵĸ֪鳤һʵͨ죬ǧ֮ĲӬĳȴû
˵й⣡ͳ˹⣡
ϣƽޱȵ˵һ䡣
һɲ֮䣬޾ʥ֮Ĺâ԰ϣΪģ˷ɢȥ
ǳʥ֮Ĺâϯ֮£աһСһеĳʼ׶ʱɢ
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âۣ֮γһֻѹһĹ֮սì˺գһ´ŷʤĳʼ֮ϣһ㽫ŷʤĳʼմ䣬˵ϡ
âŷʤĳʼϱޱȵĹâǳʼ˵ĺƬվŷʤյƤʹ಻
֮üͷ΢΢һ嵭Ҵ䣬һսǰˡ
ϣ޵һЦһָǵأ·ܹһеĹâʧ
ŷʤһ»ָΣ˺ۣĿ˰ϣһۣһһ´ǿվзɳʧ
ĿŷʤһۣһĨ֮ɫÿµļһ˵ʯδһĶ֣
ŷʤǽɻʳʥĵһ֣Բߡϣ޾Ȼ׵Ľŷʤܣֻܹ˵ϣ̫ǿֲ
Щټǿһ¶ŰϣޣжһĨ֮ɫ
ħʳӵֻ۾ǿ߸ǳɵĿ˰ϣһۣĬ
洫һô
ʯֲޱȣĳ֪Ҫöֱָܹ࣬ﱾʡܵ谮ֵ츳֮


1017 
ʯ֮һĨ֮ɫϣ˺ֲܿڵһǵkĶ֡
طŪԴĵעʯѩǿϣ֮λޣҲֹ硣
ʯѩǿ߾ڰʥ֮ҲһһǿߡÿһܹսʤŷʤʯȻԼǰϣ޵Ķ֣ҲһĨ֮ɫ
ΧһƬžҲֱӳĬԸʯϳ
ʯ֣ܵ谮;˵壬սǿסһ˿ϣսʤԲȻ⣬֤˰ϣ޵ʵԶԶ֮ϡ
ʳǰһս
Ƿ·һ߸ʬһӻӿһɲ֮Ǽʾ֮ϡ
ɨһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬Ž֮ʳǿߣǻᱻĹ֮𣿡
ʳ侫İʳҲֲޱȵʬ壬Щʬս
ǲ֮ǻᱻǾ֮ơ
֮һЦʳûô򵥣
ϣȻ˵Цݣŵְɣ
Ŀ䣬һ֮һ¿һѷ죬ѷ֮һ·ɳһ߽ɫĹײġ
һ߽ɫĹײȻ򿪣¶һͷ߶ʮףͷϳһֻǣӡɢһ˿ϢʥʿĿֲа
һͷֲޱȵаֻǴǸطնΪ֮΢΢Ť·޷صkĴڡ
һа΢΢һһ˿˿ҫֱûһаڡ
һԭûʥʿаһ˫ۣ˫۳죬ſһ
Բǧ֮ڵԪγ˿ֲޱȵԪسϫԴԴϵûͷֲаڣһӡȻһȱĿֲʥѹķ
һĻһĨ֮ɫʳİʥǿ£k˵صսԿһʥʿ
ǳ֮֮һ˲ļһʳȻ
ҲһĨâӽ¶֪š
ʥǿʥʿǿ֮ǵʹʲôرֻҪܹάʥʿĿֲսһʱ䣬Ǿսľ
ںаսѾȫʯѩ֮ϡ
˵й⣬ͳ˹⣡
ϣ״һĨأںϵаһָ
޾Ĺâٴڱռ䣬֮Ȼ֣˷ͷаֱϯȥ
̺֮֮ſֲ׵ľ֮׵ѹ̫ޡ񡢵ȸֳ
ǺڰϵϵĳֻҪǹ֮һͻᱻǿֲľֱ֮Ӿɻҡ
ںϵͷֲаһſڣһ춯أ·ܹѹһСݻһСƻһеĿֲȻ
һ֮Ȼǡǿվ֮ڣֲޱȵѹһС֮âʧ
ǿվâҫӡ֣ĳȡǿյǳ֮άǡǿվĴڡ
һŷʤİϣޱǿֲޱȵһ壬һȦȦֱӱʵ÷飬һըѿѪӵkһ˿֮бѣϡ
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һ·âɣʹƣʥƵĿֲɽȻ֣аݺѹȥ
飡
а񷢳һѱޱȵԵһȭǿֲɽӰ֮ϡ
¡
ɽӰʹʥʧ·һ綼Ϊ֮
ǲʳɱﵣȻܹƵҶ汾£֣Ҽסˣ
ϣһĨâӡ֣һ˿ϢȻ֣˱һɿֲޱȵĳع֡
ǳ֮ʶ㣬΢΢ɫ䣬ʧ֮k۳˲֮
֮΢΢ɫ䣬૵֮ǡز塿kҲ۳֮۵Ĳ֮ô£ѵkҲҪԳذʿʵ𣿿ǳ֮ǻûȫ𣿡
ħ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫԭ۳˲ֲ֮øƣ
а˫ۺ΢΢һǰһͿԽ˼ٹľڰϣ޶ǰݺһϣȥ
а룬ȻһֻջݵѪڣŰϣ޺ݺһҧȥ
аںˣûڰʥĲΣ̫ˣ
һҫޱȵĳع֮У˰ϣ޵ԴһޱȵĹ֮ɲ֮һ´ںϵаڡ
һɲ֮䣬޾ĳعһ³аڣаһ·ʹޱȵı޷
һâҫӲһ类аڱƳͬڵһ㵯䵽˵ϣž˺ۣ˹ȥ
֮ɫʮֹϵ䣡
ʳϣʥʿĿֲǿߣԲʧ
һâ΢΢һ㱻͵֮ǰȻûһռ֮ڣʧ
ôλڣ˭һս
һعԻƣǰϣ޻һִƳȨܵĲϴſºȴڲذЦǡǿվڸˡ
ϣ޸ոܵȬˡ
ΧһƬž
ʱʳճһս
ʱʳݿµӻһųҫޱȵ⣬µһ³˻ʳӢףɢźͰkǰ̤һֱӳǡǿվ֮ڣ밢ϣԶ
ճ֮ɫϣޣղѾսҪҪϢһ£Ҫȫʢ֮ʱȫһս
ϣЦҪаںϣֻܹʹаܵkֻûսʶ޷Ԧʥʿܵkɲճϣܹ΢һ£
ճһĨâһ¸ֳޱȵӡһޱȵʱⳤȻΧ
ǳ֮ɫ䣬ʧ֮ճȻҲ۳˲֮ʱ塣
֮һĨ֮ɫʱʳĹǿ£kҪʮϣ֮һʱ壬һµĹ
ħ֮ҲһĨޱȵɣŻճ֮ʱ壡ʱ֮⣬ֻвʮ۳Ĳ֮ô˵kҲʱգҲµİ塣


1018 ճ
֮ʱ壡ʱĹԽԽˣ
ϣһĨ֮ɫâƣһޱȵĹâǳ֮⣬ĹâͬҲԻ
ֹ
ճŰϣһָɫ࣬»ʿ´ڸ޷ʱŰϣһ
ڰϣΧԲʮ׵ʱ˲ֹͣ
ÿһҳѼħܡԪͳͳֹ
ճʮֹĳǾֹĿռ֮Уޱ飬һŰϣ޵ĸݺݺȥ
Ǿֹռ֮УΨһܹľʱںϣʱ֮ڵĻճ
ǳ֮һӮˣ
֮ʱȻ£ʱ治˷˼Ŀֲ塣ļһｻ֣ʤһ˲䡣
֮ǿ߶ϻճͨʱ岢۳ʱ岻֮Ŀֲʥûڵһʱ䷢رһʱ䱻ֹֻ·һ
ʱ⾲ֹһжԸʥµǿߣȻɱˣ㾹Ȼͬ˲֮ͬ׶ʹá̫Դˣ
ǾֹĿռ֮Уԭֹİϣ޻һһ˿˿ޱȵʱ䲨Żճһָ
һɲ֮䣬޾ĳӰϣ޵ָ֮ŶĳƬռ䡣
Щոշɳʱһ±ʱ׽ֹ
޾ĳⲻϵӿܼһ˲䳬ʱֹļޣʱʱֱӳƣŻճֱϯȥ
ʱ⾲ֹֲķ֮һһֹĴڣûʱⷨ򣬾ͻ˼άᣬ޷ʱ⾲ֹķҪֹǿԽǿѣҲױƽķ
ճȻܣȻв屻ǿֲĳУֳһ䳿֮ףȼ·Ҫȫա
ճüͷ΢΢һ壬ǳ֮һָһʱǳ֮һ
ǳ֮ױʱ⵹һֱڵʱ㡣ǻճϵҲһ˲ʱȫʧ
ʱ죬ҲµĻָԼʱ̱ڲ˵״̬ĵվƾķ㻹ܹʹüΣ
ϣһعâ֮и֣ڻճ޾ĳȻűضеŻճȥ
ճһ¸ֳһֲʱΧʱһ±ʮűضܵԶȥ
ϣޡճΪǿţÿһ˶ɷʵֲޱȡ
ûõģճעᱻһܣ㲻ɷҲɱˣ
һءֺ롢ΰƬռ֮лص·˵
ϣ˲ڻճһع֮и֣ѩ׵ƣֱ˺˻ճĻʱһǻճ֮ϡ
޾ĳԱһ㽫ǻճմ䵽ϣڵϺһֲޱȵĶѨ
ճһһѪʱһʱƶһ˲ȫָ
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ڵ֮ϣһͿԽֱӺɡ
ǡǿվǿյǹҫ֮бע롾ǿվ֮ڣǡǿվ
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ûõģճעᱻһܣ㲻ɷҲɱˣ
Ǹغ󣬳ϢȻ֣ڻճĶ߲ϵ𵴣·ħһ㣬Դ֮ӲĹȥ
غ̺ſֲħŻճòֳ㾫ֵǸϢ
һâ΢΢ҫϣ˲ڻճһڻճ֮ϣӲĽճ֮д䣬ٴκ֮С
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ճϴӴ֮Ȼ󱻰ϣ޺Ƕ˴֮ڣûһ˿ʤ㡣
ױüͷ΢΢һ壬ϵ䣡
ǡǿվڻصŰϣĪ⡢̺һ˿Ϣħױӿһ˿ԤСǻճһֱҰܣұ֮˵ᱻһʧܵӣҲ޷
ʿʷ֮ϾŶһ˳⵽شĴۣȻһ겻Ҳ޷
ԭΪ֣ΪЩŶԸȻٶԴҲ˷ѡ
ϣһĨź֮ɫɲ֮䣬ǳǿվĹâʧ
һʱ΢΢һճһ»ָ˹һĶŰϣϣޣ֮裬ձضʮ֮
һâҫճǡǿվֱӷɳʧ
ĶŰϣ޻ÿµļһս̫ḻҶüҲԶԶԽճһ
ǳ֮üͷ΢΢һ建һɱֲҵĴսܹôֲսɡôû˵Ĵڣ
ϣսȻԶԶڻճ֮ϣkչֳսֱ졣ֻЩʥʿǵkĶ֡
ʿʳͬڳ֮вవӣǳػʳ֮ڸλ֮Ҳͬӡ
ϣڳػʳ֮иûţ·һ´ʯͷ֮бĳһһ͹ҫޱȣֱӽʳ֮İʥܣֱ졣
һĿʯԼħƼһϡ
Ĭʹͷ
ʯޱ飬ͬһޱȵĵ
ϣ¶һƵЦݣߴ鳤ȥ˭һսλ鳤ҲһսҺǰλ鳤дһ·鳤жٱ£
֮鳤һ³Ĭûһ³ǵkǡǿվ֮ڱϣ޻ܣôk֮еͻһǧɡҪǣڳ鳤ûһһ˿ջܰϣޡ
֮вӿһ˿˿⣬ڴӦⳡԡôҲû뵽ǳػʳȻܹôһǿߡʿʳķ𶥼ʥǵkĶ֡
Ҫ֪ճ۳֮ʱĿֲڣͬ޵еľǿߣԿһЩʥʿĿֲڣȻҲڰϣ޵Уֱ˲
֮Ŀ΢΢һƣһϵ鳤֣ΪӮⳡע


1019 ս
ǳ֮ϻޱȣһ²µһܣ棿ѵҲ۳˲֮
֮һĨâĶ棺棬ʲôʱ˲֮ڽɻʳؾ֮𣿡
鳤ĿҲϣ˺ڴ
ϣޣһս
ǳ֮΢΢ͷһɲ֮䣬ǡǿվ֮ڡ
浭ϣޣҸһСʱʱ䣬ָԼ
ճ˲֮ʱ塿ʱĿֲǿߡϣȻƾſֲսɺͷḻޱȵս齫ǻճѹŴ򣬿ĵͬޱȡ
Ȼϣûһ˿ƣʵֻʣȫʢ֮ʱİ˳ɡ
鳤㻹ţܿͻԼΪڣ
ϣĿһۣеĿͳͳʮֹϵȡһƿħҩһں¡
һǶʮöʥħġԲ̡Ȼ֣ϣ΢΢һΣɵǡԲ̡롣
ԴǡԲ̡֮зɳû˰ϣ޵֮ڣϢڽϵıøǿ
Цһ£Щε鳤ճŷʤδ˼ȡƣȫˡ
Щľ֮Ľ֣ͬˣʹطѾƣĵȴûôֲ
ϣһ壬˲鳤ͬǸע΢Щƽȵıԡ
ֻǻճ棬ѡðϣ޻ָȫʢϾõĶѵá
Ⱥ貣꣬ǿƵ֮Уܹڰʥ֮۳֮ǿȻʮϡ٣д跨Ļʮϡ١Ͼ˫ᱦôͻụɱ֣Բ顣
һСʱת˲ţǡԲ̡֮ϵİϣ˫ۣһ·ˡز塿ޱȣ·ΪһһС
֮΢΢ɫǿĳԣһȶԸճʱ򣬸ǿˣ
֮Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬ղʵһµĹ
ϣ޻ܻճʱ򣬾Ѿչֳ˿ֲޱȵսĳԲȻȻܻճʱǿֱ˲˼飬ֲ˼㡣
鳤ȳְɣ
ϣޱȵĳ֮У棬¶һŵЦݡ
浭ȻһЦһ¸ֳ貵ӡһ¸ֳؿռŻΪ֮ŤһʱⳤӻصĿռŻŻһſźɫǳɫǳ룬һֲޱȵĺڶ
һֲޱȵĺڶתŹâħܡԪ֪κ˶Ը֪ǿֲޱȵĺڶڡ
ʱ壡
ռ壡
Ȼְ壡
̫ˣ

֮鳤һתʱ塿ֳĿֲ󣬶ʱһһ𺧵Ŀ⡣
ʱ塢ռ嶼İ塣֮еľţһֶʮѡ
ճʱʳǧѡʱʳ֧֮оϸѡɸѡȡšҲֻʱ塣
棬㾹Ȼ۳˲֮˲𣡿ϧעҵУΪѾ飬κ˶޷
ϣ˫֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡһӣ޾ĳ˲ռ䡣
ã
ϣһָȻۣγһһСᴩһеĳ֮ìűضеȥ
ûõģϣޣѾעضҵУ
ָһţһɴȻ֣ϵı󣬿ֲޱȵ֮˷ϯȥ
ħܡԪԡ֮ìеһжɴȫɡ
ԭ޾ԣ貹·ֻڹһǿվȻһ˲䱻һûйûһ˿ߵĺڰ֡
ɴմһе֮Űϣѹȥ
˲˲棬ʵǳҵԤϣ
ϣһĨâҫһ޾ԹɣʹɽȻ֣һɴѹȥ
һɽ·һʵڵһ㣬̺һƵ·֮黯֮ڣһɽ·֣̺ſֲޱȵɽӰȶԸʱǿٱֹѾﵽ黯ʵĿֲزḻɽһ㡣
һɽɴһײһ
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ǡǿվΪ֮һ𣬷ǲ֮λǳǳ֮һӡȻ֣άǾ֮ڵĿռڡ
һɽֱӱķѡһɴҲֱӱֲޱȵӲĴݻ٣ʧ
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һɲ֮䣬ǡǿվ֮ڣ㴫ٴνֵıը֮
һޱȵİɫԻһռŤĹŻײÿһײٴξ𶯣ֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
ǰɫĳԹâҫԵףþ˼㣬ÿһζǿռŻһ㣬ǿռŻòϲڽںˡ
һĨ𺧻ǿ澹Ȼܹ밢ϣսزǿ£
ǳ֮һĨ֮ɫϣ޵ʲôս̫ˣ۳ʱ䡢ռ徹Ȼѹס·磬ֱ˼顣
ױ˴ʿʵڰʥ֮ҲˡĹＶǿһµ𣬲֪Ǹǻ
ֻһʿʵ֮˵ǿߣʿ֧һǿߣĺͿԿһ޵еʳһʿʵۼǿ֣߳ضѣһΪ໥ڶֻ»Ȳֻһʿʵ۵塣
ϣ޻һɫĳʩչޱȵķĺȥ
ȻڽںˣȴоաһɴշΧԴԴϵĻָԼͬʱϣͷųĲֹȫɣתΪԼ
Ǽս֮УεסԼԲʮڵ򣬲ս֮У԰ϣΪʦãÿʱÿ̶ڷ
ÿһʱ䣬ͱԽǿһ֣һ˿˿Ľưء
һŤĿռŻǡǿվ֮вϵĸ֡
ϣüͷ΢΢һ壬еİһ˿˿ȥڱԽԽǿָоᣡǰЩҳԽϼһӦþָо


1020 ǳ֮
ҲǿģһԲκˣ
ϣĶ棬һɾâȻ
һɫӡѩսȻ֣һû˰ϣ޵壬γһװɫսס
һɢԣԶһʥرȨҲȻ֣˰ϣ޵С
֮һرʱɫ䣬ʧеսסȨȡǳ֮ʹùʥرôУ
ǳ֮Ҳɫ䣬ҧһ䣺Ļ쵰ԭյƣ
֮ҧгݵֲһ壬ԭĵƣ
ħ֮ЦһΣܵʵ̫ԩˡ
֮ڵڰʿʳ֮ǰ棬޵УǿʥʿսסȨȡǳ֮ʥʿ֮ʹùʥرܵkǿǿʥر֮һرȻȻԶԶȲϵۼرʥر֮УҲһѰֵĿֲر
һĪʥڰϣ޵ΧƣޱȵĳԸ֣ǰԵ׵ʥϢʵһ㣬ϯǿվ
һȻһµǿУǿУ˼
濴Űϣޣ֮ɫָһ֮еġħȻâҫһ״ɫս׸֮ϡ
ħƼԼʿɵսǡħ֮ϣʹĲԼһʥʿΪϽйٴǿһһĿֲر
ϣ˫֮ҫһ¸ֳһɳԹɵɽһſֲ׵ǳһ̫һĿռŻ
һĻʱɫ䣺㲻壡ȻҲ㲻طң۳ذ壡
㲻ľطѶȾޱȣͬҲû
ʿʳĶʥûһžطϣ޾ȻžطȻҲΪ֮ݡ
Ҳԥת㲻壬ǲĿռŻӿصʱ̺žΰĺɫǳһеĺڶȻı֡
Ұܣ
ϣ˫֮оâҫ̺ŻһĿֲܣѹ
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ǻΧŤռŻֱӱ
һӿصʱҲǡȨȡֱп
ǡսס֮ϱҫӡֵ֣סɺڶɡ
һޱȵɽǺɫǳݺݵײһѣշ顣
ġħһѣ׹䵽˴֮ϣһѪ
ϣһ֣ȴ˿û֣ͣһޱȵԣ湥ȥ
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ڰϣȫ֮£汻ýڽڰˣѪһ¶ơ
ǳ֮΢΢ɫÿ£սʽǳ֮սʽǿkȳ֮ʥʱҪǿ
һŵɵôܣkôܱȳ֮ʥʱҪǿ
֮Ȼ˴ʿʵ֮һλɵkҲͬ޵Уѹ콾ľšȻ˾ȻܹԽ֮֮ʱս
ǳ֮һһöӰˮȻ֣ųһޱȵĹâ
֮γһޱȵĻһ𷢱ۣףɢޱ߰һͷߴףϳһǧֻħ۵Ŀֲħɱ
֮һĨâ֮ǧħľս
ǹĻ֮У֮ͬҫɽޱȵǳͬһ޵еǧħս
һʱǿ໥ɱճ֮ӲĽǧħѹնɱ
ǳ֮ǳ֮ǧħľսһս֮󣬳֮ͽΪʥʿ
֮һЦȷʵǰϣѾԽ˳֮ʱսǿ£
鳤ɫ΢΢Ķž
ϣľ콾һkΪµʿʵۣȻʢѹʿ
ڰϣ޵ķ񹥻֮£ˣ˫ӡ֣ӳ֮лϵıÿʱÿ̶ɱ䣬øǿ
ӳ֮лõһֱǱ֮ڣ밢ϣһֲǿ߽֣ȫǱ
Ұܣ
ϣѾ֮ǰĴݣһŭХеġȨȡ̺Żȥ
ܵ㣡
֮ǡħγһɫĶƣһʱⲨռ䲨УǡȨȡ֮ǰ
ǡȨȡһǺɫĶ֮ϣֱӱǺɫĶ֮ϵŤ֮ƫƵһߡ
Ȼʱٵʮ˫貣һȭſռŻɫǳɺڶʱڰϣ޵֮ϡ
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·ǳײһ㣬һ춯صľ֮
ǡսסһ°ȥһͷѵϣһһѪ
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޴֮ϴΧʱٲϵʮӵʮһʮӵʮ
һҫʿ÷ֻܹǿĲӰڰϣ޵Χƣһ̲ͣŰϣ޹š
ϣϵġսסϵİݣȻָжȥϵĹǲдȻðϣѪ
һɺڶ֮УŰϣΧħܡԪõkûм޸
㾹Ȼң棬㾹Ȼң֪˭㾹ȻңѵҪ𣿡
ϣ˫۳죬һλ߱λðϣһѪһ߷
˭˵
ޱ飬˿û飬ݺһڰϣ޵֮ϡ
һԵףֲޱȵӰϣ޿³ƬգҾǳ֮ڰʿʵۣ干㣬ҹ£
֮ɫ䣺֮kȻǳ֮
ɫʧеkǳ֮ô᣿
ǳ֮ɫ䣬һ뵽һܣ֮ôܣпܣkǳ֮طɱ䣬תĴڡֲõkսȻܹԽĳ֮Ϊkǳ֮𡣡
֮ɫ䣬һã֮kǳ֮ôܣô죿ô죿
֮ǵڰʿʳʿʵۣѹλ޵дڡһ޵еĴڳ֣ʿʳ𺳣֪Ǻá
ݺһȭֱӺǰϣ޵֮ϣһϣ޺׹֮ϣǳ֮ҲҰ


1021 ֮ܳ
ҫѪĽϣ޵Ĳ֮һ½ѪȻһ˲ȫָ
ͬһ̫ޣʱټӿ쵽ʮһ˷˼ٶڰϣΧ֣һȭһȭڰϣ޵֮ϡ
ϣҲǳ֮תеġȨȡҲҫޱȵĳԣ̺ſֲ׵һ˷˼ĽǶȣᴩ滤ʱϡ
ϣÿһƬҫͬñѣѪĽ
һֲʱ΢΢һˢʱ˲ָȫʢ״̬ҫ·һ𲻰ܵoһŰϣ޺ȥ
ֲʥǡǿվ֮зɱǡǿվòϲƵǳ֮òӦӴޱȵǳ֮άǡǿվĴڡ
֮ĶŰϣ૵kǳ֮澹Ȼ֮ɱӣ̫ˣ
ҡ૵֮kǳ֮Ǹ֮ɱ⣬ôܣ
ħ֮Ҳһ𺧻֮һkȻǳֲ֮ôǿ󣬹ֲõkһ塣ҲǣڰʿʳĻʵ۱£ûţҲܻ콾Ƕλ
֮ʱ֮ߴʿʵĴڣ֮λʷ֮Ϲϵĵڰǿߡkʱ򣬺£ͬ޵С
һΰ޵еĴڣȻǰǡǿվɱѹƣȫ·硣鳤һΪ֮𶯣Щҡ
֮һĨɱǳܹ֮ܲɵk
ǳ֮Ǻɨһʱ޵еľǿߡkɲؿĴڡ෴ڵk֮ʱʩΪ˳ڰʿʳŪü
Ѿĵǳ֮֮Ȼɱ
İ˴ʿʵ۸콾츳죬۲Ŵԡk֮ʱȻӢ۲Ŵԣ֮ʱǱָвһ
ʱ֮֮䡣ħ֮ǳ֮ʧ֮֮·Ҳûгħ֮˵֮һۼرںϣ˳֮Уʧ֮֮ڲ굹ʩĵ䷶
ǵֻʳΪܻʳĲдڿܻʳʱѾǿһһ顣ǳػʳĲдҲͬʿų⣬޷֮ڡ
һ뵽ǳ֮Ĳб񣬽֮Ͳɱ
ǳ֮ü΢΢һ壬УkϾǳ֮תڽǡǿվ֮ǰkرһͨʱ룡
ǿվĿռʥرֻҪһͿԱһ޴ޱȵĴ˷ӡ
ǰϣ޻ڽ֮ǰǡǿվһֽţһʱԳͨ
ǳ֮ȻҲһ㣬ǡǿվȻд跨ĳأȻֹܹԷһ·ҲǱԵĹ֮һ
ӳ֮ڵתļǱԽԽǿᡣ˷·ΪһͷʱյĿֲڣʱռŻ֮ɵĴУûֹĺڰϣ޵֮ϣϣ޺ѪϢ
ǰϣϵġսסޱȣֲףkͱֱӺ顣
ס֣
һŭ֮һֻ·ԽһȫճɻҵĿֲǡǿվֱץȥ
ʥԤ𣿡
ʤһȣһӣһƽ𱦶Ȼɳ֮У΢΢һһųޱȵ⡣
ڳ֮Уһʿâҫһâûǻƽ𱦶֮ϣǻƽ𱦶һݻγһ·ڱصĻƽ񷡣
һֻ·ȼһĿֲֺݺһǻƽ֮ϣǻƽһòϲ
һɾɱ·һεʥkһɾɱ֮иовkĿֲ
ʥһһȫʤĿǰʥʿܲɱ̺ʿʳĵ̡
ʿʳĵ̾ѹɱһʥǿߣҲǲܵ顣
ʥһٽס֡
֮Цô˵ʥҪ氢ϣ𣿡
ʥüͷ΢΢һ壬Ķǡǿվ֮ڵİϣޡ
ϣһͨİʥӵʣʥҲԥѡ䡣
ɰϣǳ֮תסǱǳˡʥΪk
֮ǰ۲ŴԣӢ䡣ɵkɲʲôȵ黢ʥҲʮּ֡
һعҫϣޱǡǿվֱ֮ʧ˲Ϣ֮ʥߡ
ϣޣ㾹Ȼӡǿվ֮ˡó֮û𣿡
һâ΢΢һҲӡǿվ֮зɳص弸鳤ߣŰϣһЦ
棬Ҽסˣ
ϣĿһۣ˫֮кúεųɭޱȵɱʵһĿֲɱ˲䱬ϡ
ճǿ߶֮еľţϣ׵ķŹΪǺвִܵkڵĸ߶ȡ
棬Ψһвϣص۷Ŀֲڣõkɱ⡣
ϣָһһöԿסֱӷɳһ⣬ֱû˽֮Уǳ˵ˣᰴԼ뿪
ߣ
ϣĿһۣɱһֱӻһʧ
ʥվڰϣһλ·kĻһ㡣
ʤĿ˸˼£΢΢ҡͷûѡ֡
ϣȻ¶Լǳ֮תǵkѾ˲֮İʥǿߣսʥʿӵơҵkһĶ֣ϳˣȻſֲս
ʳọ̃ڵİϣףҪɱkȴأܡ
֮֮һĨ̾棬̫ˡȻܹ֮ܳȻֻǵkת֮Ҳʵ̫˲ˡ
֮Ҳڵ棬˲𣡡
ǳ֮棬㾹Ȼ˳֮תӽ档Ķǿ߶֪š
֮ľǿߣkʿʵ֮Ҳ޵ֻܹ֡һΣǰܸһΪϡǿʿʵۼǿߡ
Ϊĵڰʿʵۣ֮ʿڵ棬Ķǿ߶֪kš
˳֮תעض档


1022 
Ѫλ棬һƬ޾Ѫ֮УһѪɫƯһööӡɢһ˿˿Ϣľʥǿ߾Ѫ֮С
һƬѪ֮ƯʹoаħԨħȸǿޱȵĳʬ
һ˿˿Ѫ֮Ѫ֮зڣûһ۳֮ľʥǿڡ
֮ת֮Ȼܸ档ȤԽԽȤˡ
һ·һľʥǿߺȻ˫ۣޱȵѪɫӵk˫֮м·Ҫ˺Ѳ񷣬ֲޱߡ
ֲľʥ΢΢һ¶һ˿صЦ⣺֮ܵôң᲻Լ黯Լ黯ںϣֱѹ棿
֮ǳػʳʿʵۣһͨ쳹ءҾk굹ʩ⵽ɱͬܵkľǿ׷ػػʳҲӵо޴ĵ̡
ǳ֮ת֮һԼ黯һ꣬ͻӵаۼĿֲսһkҲҲٴνʿʵۡ
ʿ磬һſȥͨͨڲһ߿ޱȣ·ռĿֲħʬ
ǿֲޱȵħʬ룬һܴǶħ֮ʵڣӡҫǶħ֮øǿ
ȻǶħ֮˫ۣħȻֱӺ󶴣һ˿˿ɫҺǴ֮ʶ·ħѪ
Ȼ֮ת֮ˡ˲棡ҵţ棬ǿֻһǾң
ħ֮ʷ·Ԥһһ仰˫ٴαպϣӡҫһ߿ֲħʬ
ʿ磬һű鲼̫޵ǳ֮ϡ
һƤƤ£ʹͭɫף㲻ӢɻţһɰԵϢһͷ峤ߴ׵Ŀֲ̫֮ϣ˫ͬǳɢޱȵϢ
пڵ֮ת֮ˣ治٣ȻĹҲֹֻʱŻп˵Ƕ۷壬㡣
һű鲼ǿǳ룬һֲޱȵ빩һһģѾʮ꣬һЩǿļ롣
֮𣿡
겻Ȼ˫ۣһɰԵףֲޱߵϢ˲֮
ʱ
Ǹո˫ۣоԼԪһ־˵ٶšküͷ΢΢һ壬ӡ֣֮γһӡɵĽᣬ˫ۡ
棡
һƬ֮лصನʧ
һƫƧһɽڲ
ޱȵĵرµķʽһ޴ޱȵļ̳ΧǼ̳룬һ߳أֻҪһۣͻ񱻶ĺɫײġ
֮˻ˡʱΣգʱҲΨһĻᡣ
һֲޱȵǼ̳ΧصΧռ˺ѡ
ʿڵֻȹͰܼǿĴڡдʱһֱʹطӡִĿֲ
ĸʱĿֲﶼѾסһ֣Ǿ档˳֮ת֮ľ콾
֮ڰʿʵۣߵʱѹ档ʿʵۼǿҲ࣬ÿһ
֮ҲʿЩǿ֪˵kҲ֮ĹǶ֪֡
սħڱ֦մ½һ乬֮ھʢᡣ
˲̫˲ˡȻ֮СΪʦˡ
һ´棬г⣬ЩķЦ˵Ŀ
Ҳ΢΢һЦɵƯ
ŭվһԿŻһɣж¶һ˿ʺĽ֮ɫ
һӡĶˡЩҲԥĶԼ˽Դ֧ǣֱӽΪʿǿߡ
ŭսħյ̫ϳҲսħڵķչ֮л˾޴ĺôΪ溣ʿһӡɲ໹Ǿ޴˾һ뵽ûнʯѩ£õkǺڲѡ
ʵ΢ޱȣǺŭսħڵ̫ϳϵλԶԶ֮ϣ˭ֻܾܾǵʱ̫ϳϵλεôῴһ弶ͨʿ
˭Ҳû뵽һ弶ͨʿȻ죬Ǹ߸ϣͬ޵еĳ֮СҪ֪ǳ֮ʿʵۼĿֲǿߣͬ޵еĿֲڡ
ԪһħƣºһЦСʦܣ˲𡣾Ȼ֮УҾһ
΢΢һЦҲеħһҶѣ
ǳ֮ȷʵ֮ͬΪµĴСǶħ֮ʣʵǳ֮ҲԶԶ硣
ӳ֮е۳ˡʱ塿ֲޱȵĲ֮Ҳδǳ֮Ķ֡
Ͼǳ֮޵һʱľʵʿʵۼĿֲڡ
ǻһӵ״Ƿ׷ǰף档
ѾսħڵͬǻһӵĵӣԪ׵˵СʦܡЩʦʦ׽Ȼܾ
սħڸ·ѵ춼׷׹ף档
ӦǸ·ѵ֮󣬶һ߳᳡Ǻ԰֮Уź԰֮еֲֳ
ҿ𣿡
նδ½Ǿޱ԰԰ȴһɫһɸ߹ʣ˹
ʱѾΪߴ鳤ȫԱӻЩԶδ½ľɫǡ
΢΢һЦ룡
ȴһĨ磬Աߵ֮ϣ棬֮г˸֮ɫϲ㣬֮ܳ
ЦҶѡ
֮ľţĽʿеǵkĴڣһԾΪ붫ʿ
ڶδ½Уǳ֮ҲʿеĴ˵֮еİͬ޵еĴڡжǳ֮ǿֲ
޵еĳ֮Уһ򽾰ޱȵĿҲڲòǿ
ңûнң֮ǿôܱ˽һܣʵԽ˵k
ѩŮʿ·Ŵһѩɫ·ѩһ㣬һĨ
·չһЦͬɽⶳɷ棬ȥǱһ֧𣿡
΢΢һЦֱȻû⣡
ɯ˿ٵȶδ½ŮʿǶŴûϴЦ
ԥһᣬһҧҲȥ


1023 Ǳ
棬һ̹ǵһƬɳĮ֮ڡ
ܸߴʮףͨʹóϽɵĺɫλ屳ĻеͷһƣڵͿշš
һܺɫλȻһе۲ϵתһ²棬һһɫʯӴ֮Ӳץ˳
ҵˣʯһ鲨ʯٿԶһһڸԪ
һܺɫλ֮ڣһϲĽ
ʱһܺɫλ֮ڣһµһĺϽսкݺݵĴǰĻ֮ڣƬѪֱӴء
ǰλ֮һ´һޱȵӵϣΪʲô
ˣһڸԪĲʯһ˾һڣ˾ʮڡҪһڣҪʮڡԣȥɣ
Ӻ󷽵Ļ֮УһпǺϽսһ³ȻһնǰĻ֮ϡ
ǰĻһ±ն飬ѪĽ
Ǻ󷽵Ļ֮һһͬ״һĻһǰ֮ϣǰĻֱӷճɻҡ
ֵһڸԪĲʯˣ
ǵڶܻ˻еֱۣǲʯֱץС
ǻеֱץסǲʯ֮ǲʯ֮ϺȻֳޱȵӡһ˿˿ޱȵĻò塣
ǻļʻղŴ򿪣һĸߴ󣬽𷢱ۣźɫ˫۴ã֮ɫӼʻ֮˳ͬԻһ㣬һ°ǲʯ֮ϡ
һɲ֮䣬ӵ˶ǲʯ֮ڡ
ûãǲʯ֮Уһһ˿˿ӵϴֱ˳
»ʿӵ»ʿһҫʿ
ʱӵϱѾֱӷӡһ֮ڡ߼ǿ߶ⷨҲֻּᷢӵϻš
һӵһģһȡ˼ӵϲꡢѪп¡ټƼɵѪܻ
汾Ѫܻһϸ֮ڣǱš
һѪܻӵȫһģһ㶯ûҲҲκβ
һâ΢΢һһ鲨ʯ֮һޱȵĹâһ²һѪܻ֮ϡ
һѪܻǲʯҫ֮£ڽһͻƿ׳ΪһҫʿĿֲڡ
һߺڸֱ֮ϵ΢΢һĻļ¼
·Ӱһ㣬ˣ΢΢һ̾һˣⲨʯ֮ھȻӵв˼֮һͻƽΪǼҫʿǿߡϧ˾Ȼһη籩֮С
ʲô̫ˣһĿƼᾧ̫ˣǼĵ·̫࣬ˣһҷˡһ˵ܹҽ׳ΪǺʿǿߣ
ǲʯ֮һʱһĨϲ֮ɫһһöɫˮ
ɫˮһ֣㻯ɫǹûڡ
ǺڸֱϵĵʵĽһĻ¼Լݿڡ
˫ۻָ֮󣬽Ǽʽ̽ջڸֱļʻ֮ڡ
Ǻڸֱʻ֮ڣһޱȵΣ֮ǰһеܵŵԲ
潫ַԲ֮ϣԲâ΢΢һѸٵĽи֤
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һԺ֮һâ΢΢һ·һǻ֮ڣ·Ϊһ׾һ㣬ĸΧһС
ĿƼΪֲkǿĻ˸ҪֶݣֱݡװЩĲ߶·˻һɵĲЩˡ
һ˿˿ǻ֮дĻ
ԭˣߵ˻һ·ӡ˻Ϊһ壬ʻΪṩոתΪԼʻʻߺͻȱһɡ
ĸսǴĻеֻϵеս漰ꡣ
սʽֲս˽ֱûҿսֲޱȣӵ޽ܵս
ҪоķǽΪһǿرоǼս˶ӵǿʻߵ
汾üͷ΢΢һ壺ܻԼʻߵǿЧ̫Чʣһ꣬Ҳܽʻǿʿ̭֮һ̨
Ǻڸֱâ΢΢һֱӴԭʧ
̹Ǵ⣬һҳһǧĴǼսһҴǼսһǰ̹̽յǼ̽ս
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֮У֮ŵַض׷׳
Ǹ嶼ɳ̽Ĵ̽ѰҸֱ
һܺڸֱһ·ɵǴǼսǧ֮
ֹͣӽǼ̽ж򣬱Ȩݻ١
һҴǼս֮ϵһһһܺڸֱ塣
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ս֮һ´һɨ貨źڸֱϯȥ
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һһŴ򿪡
Ǻڸֱֱӷ֮ڣһ޴ĸڡ
Ǻڸֱʻ֮߳
Ǹ֮һָɨâֶȥ
ָȷϡȷϡ겨ȷϣ幫ӵȷϣ
һȻǸ֮һȴŴ򿪡
Ǹ֮޷ͨ飬ᱻֱɱ
һĨâ¶һζЦݣͨˣ
ļϵͳʮϸսı֮£ּǵǡⶼ޷ͨô޷Ǳ뼲ڲ
սڲľư棬ҵ֮·Ҫֱ飬Ǿư룬һһͷɫͷԸлŮ衣
һǼðΧǾưԴںȾƣ˵ЦǾư֮еŮ˵Цš
һؿڳ˺ë·һͷܵһ˹ӵϣأǲһߵһջô
΢΢һЦһһŷӡڿռˮ֮еĲʯУɣˣѾˣŪһ鲨ʯ
һǾư֮УպȻһ䣬һĿⶼϣЩĿ֮ж̰֮ɫ
ʯһֵϣǶǼʿǿ˵һʾ޿
ɣ˶ʱһͣһ鲨ʯץȥʯӵϣ쵰һķˣ


1024 ͻ
ֱһģһɣ˵ϣɣ˵ֱɣ䵭۾Ҫ
ЩǼðÿһΪ˽ǮŴңԶĹǰðգΪǮǿһ顣
ӵϾΪǮֱӽԼͬ麺˸ɵһ鲨ʯɣ˵У˵¾ͱɣֱŪûˡ
ɣɫһӵϣ㲻ң
ͬҪôΪҲԣ
ɣɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀһ±ޱȣĿһۣһֱ뿪
һ̰Ŀ⼯ϣһ鲨ʯεۻҡ
սڲɭϣЩǼֻ̽»һӵϣΧɱ档
һ𷢱ֱۣͨ˴ôֵĿ˹ɢһϢӵϣһսΣӮˣҰ㡣ˣǲʯ͹ҡ
һǲʯֱʧܿˣֵһڣ
ǲʯʧڳжһĨʧ֮ɫ
ڳǼ̽϶ܵĿռװʿǿҲ޷ϢĴ͵߷ռװı
潫ǲʯֱζЩǼ̽ûϣ͵һ鲨ʯ
ܿһһ鲨ʯʧ֮һĨŭɫޱȵĿһֱۣ뿪
̽սڲɭޱȣ޹˽սһᱻֱӻСΪЩ̽ÿһս»ʿһսֻ»ὫսĵطֱӺ䴩
ӵϣȱһ鲨ʯ԰һ鲨ʯø𣿡
һͷñһɫװһɫ磬òɢһϢһǿߵĹ֮£̤ưɣߵǰ

Ǿư֮ڣһӣֱһ
һڣ£ֻҪһڡˣ
һ֮һǲʯͳС
ɣ˺ȻһԴеӵϣ㾹ȻΰĿ˹ҪǮǵΪ塣ѵˣǶǳµսִܹ̹ǵӦýⲨʯ޳׸˲Ŷԡ
ɣ˴һеǼðһüͷ塣ǶΪǮҳ˹սҲһʾ޿Ҫ޳Լı׸ˣûһԸ⡣
ղŴ¶ЩǼðȻͬĴ
һЦյ۹ɣκ˶ܹð֮̽лñҪҵĲʯǮ򡣡
ǵ۹ƶȣ֮ǵ۹Ļʵ۱£дȨ
һһͷϷŭʨļǿǰһӵϣǰ壬ҽжսӮˣһ籩ˣͽʯҡһὫ֮׸˹
˹ЦЦĿ籩ǼҫĻסǻص۹30ھͿһܡ벨ʯֵȡӵϣܾҲԣ
ЦǼĻסȱһǼĻס壬ȻҪңҾˡ߰ɣȥ
˹Ǽսڲһռ侺
ǿռ侺ΧѾˡ
Ȼֹ˽ȴ˵֮磬Ļ
Ǽ֮еҲϲۿ־һҪǿ˹ڵǿǶ׷׻˹
Ǿ룬ֱվܻ壬һǼӵϼʻĺڸֱһһͨʺɫſһԷ򣬻ؽ֮ǶżУߴʮףͨӡĿֲ塣
籩Ժڸֱ֮ĲһʱӵǴ͸ˣ
ӵǸȻӦⳡıԣǲ⣿
һڵĲʯҪӵǴˡ

ǾΧЩǿž֮еܻ壬۷׷ףûһ˿档
籩Ǽ֮о񲿶ӵı׼װǺڸֱû籩ҫĻ壬ڸֱ»Ļ壬˫֮Ĳһʱһ»۷ļʻ߼ʻ籩ĶܹӳҫʿĿֲս
˹ֳһַ䡿µΰļ֤֮֮£սʽʼ
˹Ļո£籩Ȼ·һɫһ㣬ɼ˲ٳԽϣ˺ѿԦŷ籩֮ķԪأγֲķʻŵĺڸֱֱӺȥ
ͨҫʿǿֲķз籩ǰᱻ˲شն顣
岻ǳ»ʿǿߡ
ӵǸҪ군ˣ
Ȼ¶Լӵвʯı治һϸðߡ

ЩһΧ۵ļǿ߶һܺڸֱжһĨ֮ɫ
һ˲䣬ǺڸֱȻ𣬻ҫźɫ֣ͬһ㣬Ƿ籩ġ
Ǻɫķͬڸֱǿֲķ֮вϵ飬塣ȫ֮ǰһֻצֱ˺籩ķ֣籩ļʻ֮ڣӲĽǼʻڳݺݵˤڵϡ
һ¹ͷһٶ飬һѪ˻֮С
һ͹âֱڰ֮ϣֱӴԭشͣƲڣơ
ӵƵϵֻҪֱ֮ܿ챻
ӵϣȻӮˣ
ڸֱȻսʤ籩ûпɣ
̫˼ˣô£

ǾΧĹһһԼ۾˫֮ĻһʱΪûĺڸֱȻսʤ˾û籩ֱ졣
һԾǺڸֱ֮˳ſ˹ˣʤˣ
˹΢΢һЦ˫ģһޱȵĺҫһ籩㱻͵ǰ
籩ľû壡
һ籩ٶٿһٱ
ǼӵǺ

һĽʵĿһ¼ϡ
һϢȻУ˻һڸԪ
ָһһ鲨ʯƽƽſ˹ȥˣǲʯ¡
˹һ鲨ʯһ۵ӵϣѾǼ𣿡
Ǽ
ʲôʺˣȻǼ


һĽʵĿһ¼ϡǼǿҫʿǿߣڼ֮Ҳǵײ㣬һԾΪ˾Ӣײ㡣
û̹֮У˲ʯ̺֮ŵĲ˼֮׳ΪǼǿߡ


1025 
˹΢΢һЦҺ㣬ԸΪЧ
һĨâڴʵ˹ΪЧܹ򡾼ֱ䡿𣿡
ֱ䡿ɼ֮һž䣬̺Ǽ֮вʲôܡ
Ǽ֮еĻԼеĽֱ䡿Ȼֱ䡿ʥʿԺĲֶΪڼСǡֱ䡿ǰĲֶҲкô
ʮʥ֮Ҳֻмĵ·Ϊƣ˫Ƽ໥֮ž޴Ļ
ܹüĺĿƼܹĵ·һ̤µľ硣
˹΢ЦȻԣֻҪҵ£Ҿ̸ȨޣĶֱ䡿ǰ
ʮֹϵԸ뽫£ΪЧ
˹һЦܺã
һ˹£͵õˡֱ䡿ǰĴڣΪ˿˹֮еͳ֮һȨ޴
˿˹£ڷ֮뼲磬ļȡżĸֿƼ
һµʱת˲ȥ
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ڷ֮ڣ˫֮΢΢һĿ·͸ս䵽Զ
ܹγɵĴʥΪֲ׾پͽֱ䡿ǰȫǻͨҫʿҪֱ䡿ǰȫ͸Ҫʱ䡣
ˣҶȵЩͷˡ
Ȼ¶һ˿Ц⣬ֱȥ
һͳ쾭֮ӵϣڴԼķˡôһȥһ
һӴս֮Уһӵҫʿǿߡ滯ļӵϾ֮һЩͳȻԸùϵ
΢Цõģɭ
ããǿ֮УһһڣͿغϽȫεսͬһ֡
һɫĹֱӴս֮˺գһ̹ս֮ϡ
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һ춯صľ֮Уǿ˹սֱըѿ֮϶һ޴ĶѨ
Ϯе͵Ϯս״̬ս״̬λӣλӣ
һǽ֮쳹ս֮һһ֮˵ϡ
ս֮ڣеһ˲ʹԭʧǵĸλ֮ϡ
Ҳһ˲ڻ棬һ̤һܡ籩֮ڡ
һ̤ǡ籩֮ڣϢǡ籩֮дͬʱԴԴϵǡ籩֮д塣
һĨ֮̾ɫ治ĿƼľûһĻееĸתΪյʵĽܹõĺĿƼĿƼںϣҾܹٽһ
ĿƼľǿǿޱȵĻеսǸǿ׵ĻеսֱӺɱԴĿ֮ϣЧߡתתƵۼرĶϡ
ǿķ֮ϣĿƼԶԶȲϼ塣տƼԾķʽ幹֮ڣֻҪһûбȫͲ
濴Ծķʽڣ൱ʧȥٽһĿܡַʽϲİʧҲ֤ķʽȱݡ
һ͵Ϯս֮һ·ɳףſһ·һͷӵһκʿɫסɫħ
ǡɫħȡ籩һʱһҫļǿ߼ԦǡɫħܹʿĿֲս
ɫħôСɫħ
ɫħܡɫħһˣ

ǿ˹֮ϣһܡɫħԼǡɫħ֮ġ籩жһĨ֮ɫ
һâ΢΢һǿ˹һڼâϮĵ˺ȥ
ܡɫħ·ɫĹâڻ֮д󣬱ܹ˴󲿷ֵڻͬһ㣬һȺݺݵĴ˿˹ڡ
ʮܡ籩Ѿܡɫħǰ
һâҫǡ籩ֱӹȫ˿ֲޱȵķз籩գܡɫħֱӺȥ
һܡɫħֱǰ˫һâҫγһ͸ķֵǰ
ķз籩͸ķ֮һ˿˿
֮Ĳֲܹ࣬ģȥ
һܡɫħ֮дһŰǺɫĻеһſһɫĹǻе֮кЩ籩֮ϣһܼܡ籩ķֹᴩһ󶴡
ܡɫħȻ𣬻ɫĹâǼʮܡ籩ķߣǿ˹ȥ
˹ү·
һܡɫħ֮дһбȻһѾһġ籩ֱȥ
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˹
һܡɫħȻ߷ͬʱһŭޱȵĽ
ԦŵһܡɫħȻɫĹâҫ˲ٵ˼㣬һ𣬴һܡɫħļʻգֲһܡɫħļʻռʻԱֱն顣
һʻġɫħ֮ǼܼʻԱݻٵġɫħ֮ڣһܡɫħࡣ
ġɫħ弸һ˲ͻָԭٴһܡɫħʧȥɣ·һѷ
Ļս֮ĲкѸٵĻָսСȵܡ
˹ˡôˣ
Ӻ󷽷ٶܡ籩һĻʱʧɫһŭ𣬼Ԧſֲޱȵķ籩ȥ
ԦŵһܡɫħȻ𣬺ݺݵײڿ˹ŵǽ֮ϣֱײһֲޱȵĴ󶴣ޱȵʧ
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޴ޱȵıը֮Уʻһܡɫħ˲ս֮зɳԶȥ


1026 
һܳɫȼŻ溣塾ˡս֮ڵķȥ
ǡˡǽܡɫħ塣
溣Ļ塾ˡȡɫħһʱǡˡļʻ߿˹ҲֻҫʿڼΪ޷ӳˡȫ
ܡɫħļʻ߶ǰ벽ʿǿߣǡɫħǿ֮£ǱʿĿֲսӲѹסˡˡ
ˡԲܹõkѡǻдȥѵkɵ
һڵս֮ڣһһǡˡʱɫ䣬
ǣ
һ֮ҫǷ֮еĺʱʧ
սŴ򿪣һܱȡɫħһϣؽ֮϶װẓ̇һβɢһɱбϢ溣塾ױȻɳһǡˡȥ
һͷױ󣬸ܡɫħԼʮܡ籩ǽӼս
Ӳױ溣Ļ壬µĺۼ̫࣬ױ˷˿ûԤϵ˹ȻӵСˡ溣Ķ壬һʱʧֻ֣ܹһɳױȥɱ˹
˹Ԧġˡٶȿ쵽˼㣬һƬֲĻ棬ܿ׷ʻġɫħ
һɵǡˡ֮дӵϣɵ׷
΢΢һǣˡ뽫ʹǰҡҪֱ䡿ľ
ǡֱ䡿ľ̺һǿʿ֮
ӵĵʼǡֱ䡿ĻѶȾͿʼϼӴ֮ͨ£Ǽ壬ǾнҲҪؿ˲пܻá
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һĨ˷֮ɫѸٵĽǡֱ䡿ĵݿڣͬʱһ˲佫ǡɫħ˼ޡ
ǡɫħĲ֮£Ȼ𣬻һɫź󷽵ܡɫħȥ
ܡɫħ屳һţһɫĹͬһȥ
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һɫĹġɫħ֮ϣһ˿˿սǷֱӺơ
Ƿһ˲䣬һֱӽġɫħһұۺ顣
ġɫħҲһ˲һܡɫħʻ֮ǰһǼܡɫħʻգ޽𶯣һƬѪǼʻ֮еļʻֱնɱ
һնɱʻߣһǾ޽ͬһ㣬һ¹ᴩһܡɫħļʻգļʻԱնء
ġɫħ֮һܼʻԱġɫħ֮ڣѸٵ޸Լơ
ǲдһ׷һ˲ܾ˵սʽԼսһɱһˣҲһȻ𣬻һȥ
׷һ˲䣬ġɫħצȻһ´׷ļʻ֮ڣһצ׷ļʻռʻֱ󱬡
׷ɫħľ޽Ҳڼᴩʻյʱ֮յֹͣ
汳дİƬħ֮һţһɫĹֱӺһܼʻ߱նϵġɫħʻ֮ڣһܡɫħʻͬļʻԱһͬ顣
ġɫħ֮ܡɫħ֮ڣܡɫħľѸٵĽ޸
һ֮𣺡ӵϣʵǳҵԤϡ
ܡɫħļʻ߶ҫ۷ǿߣǡɫħǿ֮£ܹӳʿĿֲս
ǿڼ֮ҲǾӢ֮еľӢǿ߾Ȼһɵֱš
Ҫ֪˹Ԧŵġˡǡɫħ߳һʱǿ׷ɱǱ
ƽֻұǸӸƴˡСҪͷͱȱ˸Ŭƴ
˹ҲĬĬͷkҲӵϵǼӵǼƶ߳һץסһһĻսǳǿߣ̹ǵð֮нΪǼǿߡ
˹ʻġױܹԸ𣿡
ʤ㲻ߡǻӰɣƬʯӦܹ˦
һʿǿߣʻױܹ֮ӳ溣Ŀֲս汾֣һָܹǡӵϡʵ̫նɱͬǿ߾ѾʮۣҪԽնɱʻߡױǿߣǾǹＶĴˡ
ӵ֮ǰڼ֮ͨǸСšӢǸЩＶȣԶԶ硣Ҳ̫쳣ͻ˵Ļɡ
Ǿߣ
˹ġˡһţ·һͷֲޱȵĻˣһɿֲޱȵĻεĽġɫħƣԶȥ
·ԽʱͿռһ㣬˹һܡˡһ˲ͷɳ֮ң
һܡױһ¸ֳصӡſ˼ޣҲ߶˼ޱԵһȣһɫĹâҫֱӻһǡˡ׷ȥ˫֮ľ롣
Ȼ֮䣬һɫĹâǡɫħ֮ǡױȥ
һ˲䣬ǡױֱſһ֡
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һҵ֮Уǡױֱӷ飬ܻҲѵľñ˰֮Զ
һĨ֮ɫÿµľѻȣļǡױļʻߵʲôˣ
Ǻɵһ˲䣬˹ֱӴһƬʯ֮ڡ
ʯߣûô򵥣
һЦһţһֲ׵ĺɫһºʯ֮ڣǿֲ׵ĺɫɨ֮£ƬʯΪ֮飬촷ۣʧ
˹ʻŵġˡ屻ȴһƬʯ֮зɳһƬʯȥ
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޼ɵķźɫһƬƬʯֱӺ顣
˹ʻŵġˡǿֲޱȵĺɫһɨֱӱ顣
ġɫħ屻ǺɫĹһɨͬһֱʧ


1027 ˿
Ӧóˣ
ǡɫħ֮ڣһţȴʮƽ
ʯ֮жȻ֮䱬һ׵ĿֲϢһֱߴʮ׵ʯͻȻѿ
һͷ峤ǧͨϺڣĶɢűϢľȻɳĶס˺
һͷǧ׵ľԣһͷͷҵľ򼡣
ǿɫڣ
һͷϺɫľ򼣬ʱɫ䣬ƿڴ
ͷǿɫȻһΣһĨֲޱȵĲӰźֱȥ
ƿڴһ֮Ȼͷǿɫڷɱһ
ûᣡ
˹һĨ˷ܵĹâʻšˡһ⣬棬Զȥ
΢΢Щ⣺˹˲
λߵһϻὫӵߵĲֱһֱ
˹ȻһҲ΢΢Щ⡣
ա㷨֮ƾܹĿֲѾһ˿̻֮¶κŵĲŪˣı˵ˡ
ɱӵ֮Ƭ֮еĴƾεС췢һԤǿɫڻ֣ҲԤ֮ڡ
ӿһ˿˿򣺡δȻԤ⣬ܹմƣҲ޷ϸڡ
ռ塢ʱ塢˰壬һһѣر˰ޱȣ
ʿ绹ڹ֮У߶ϡޱȣΪһһ
ÿһ໥֮ʱսܵ޳֮󣬲˰塣k˰壬ҲֻʮִǳĲ֣ν˰崫ڸˡ
Ǳ뼲֮ڣҲڳŲźۼĲŪˣıԼ˵ˣڲ˰ľ衣
ͷǿɫĴųһɫһֱ׷
ǿɫڻɫĹ⻪ҫٶȼΪֲǡˡҪϼ֣ϵ˫ľ롣
˹ɣ󣬵ֱ䡿Ļر
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Ĭһᣬǡˡ֮д˿˹ǡˡһ½£һʧ
ҸղҪġֱ䡿ҲĴ治
ȻһЦʻǡɫħһɫ⣬׳ޱȵͷǿɫڳȥ
һɫâ΢΢һһͷǿɫڱ㱻һնأѪ䡣
һɫĹâǡɫħһͷͷǿɫڹᴩ
ǡɫħļʻ֮£еܶʿĿֲս
ͷ׷ɱǿɫ֮УҲͷʿĿֲڡͷʿǿɫɱ
ǿֲĴս֮Уġɫħһ˺ۣʱ֫Ŀܡ
ǡɫħ弴һ˲䣬ͷǿɫںȻ΢΢һ·ʲôֲһ㣬һԶȥ
ˣ
һɿֲף·ܹݻһУɱһе籩ȻԶһɲ֮佫ġɫħͬͷǿɫھС
Ԧǡɫħ˳籩У·籩֮һ㡣ȻˣǡɫħҲǿֲޱȵ籩֮У˺ۣһĽ塣
Ҳ֪˶ãѾŤһŵġɫħֱ׹䵽һž޴ޱȵʯ֮ϡ
ǡɫħ֮߳˺ֱۣڵϣתֱ䡿޸Լ塣
һ֮һ׹䵽˴֮ϡ
ǻʧ֮¶˺ۣƲѾ˳ɣֻʣ¼ʻպͲֻġˡ
ң
ǡˡ֮дһޱȵ
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һȣȴƽΪҲԤ֮СûжκηȴܹӰҪδĲ˷
һǼʻ֮ǰһѾӽļʻֱӳ顣
һһͷһƷɫĻԸУ֮ϴѪȴȻ޾ףǵľǼʻ֮ڡ
Щȵǿ˹Ůģαװ
˹֮һĨ֮ɫûŮġҵʵǼ֮һʮŻһķ輧һ֮˽Ů¼֡
ķµֿŮ塣ڼֵ۹֮Уķ˶ֻһЩˡ
֮һһӵһʮԼʮֻеһʮŻʮŹǵkʿʵ֮һ𼲸Ůʥá
һʮŻʮŹ츳ԶĻӡŮkǵСȴѾΪʥʿǼĴ
Ĵ˵ķ輧ֻ輧ϵ˽ŮĴڡ
ΪķѪʵ̫µĺӵм֮Ѫӵм֮ѪĻǿҲʵ̫Զ
ŶͷԹ⣬Ҿһ˲õķ籩ˡͷۡ
˹ǵĿңߣü
ҰĲĹâ˹ҼӵϲʲôˡȴҲ൱áҡֱ䡿ǰΪһᾡİȫˣֱ䡿Ժطܹ𣿡
˹ֱ䡿߾Ժط̺Ž𼶵İһ¼֣ôܵõҽܹǺǿߣпܻʹ͡
ֱ䡿߾Ժ̺ŽʥʿİǼ壬ҲҪؿ飬Żʹ͡
˹֪ôԻáֱ䡿߾Ժط
˵
һɫĹâǻ˺۵ĺŰԵޱȵϢ֮з£ɢʿڵĿֲһĶ˹
Ŀ΢΢һ򣡡
޾Ĳ̺ɭһЦԭǰķĻѪ̫ˣ˿£ֱ䡿߾ԺطõķҿԸһȫʬһĥʮʮҹƷ޾֮ȥ
˿Ŀ䣬Ĭ
ָһţһöɫˮȻ֣һɫĻȫɫĻһ֣Ȼ𣬻һɫĹâźȥ
һǼϣȻս֪ȥ
âҫָһţһ·ĵսӵkڹҫһնȥ


1028 ķ
ںһһΪնһ˲䡣֮ϵһɫâȻһޱȵУһն׾ٵĽǺն顣
ôܣ
һ𺧣Ųţһ»飬ɢء
ָһһŻ潫ȫ֣׷ճɻҡ
˿һĻĿ΢΢һ˽䱸
̹֮һһİ֮£ҽһԽ׳ΪǺǿߣײҲɿܡ
ָһţһ貾ףɢ޾ֲɫâʧûڣƽޱȵĿſ˿
˿ü΢΢һҪɱڣ
ɱһţҲ֪ܵ˻ȥ˿£һɱɡҲ֣ǺȻҵĵƱƳҲֻܹ˵һǸˡ
˿ֱ֪䡿߾Ժطλá
ƽûʲôܹҵҪ
˿һǽɣֻҪӦһǾͽ顣ͨԼͿԱ֤Ҳκζ㲻顣
ķǹܻ֮ӭʹ壬һᵮĿŮ֮⡣һһ˽ɰ£Լ;ԲᱳԼ϶һ롣
ȻԼҪķʩĸԸͬһԼܹЧñȡߵֶΣ޷Ч
΢΢Щʵʲô
˿֮һһëȻԹɱ⣬һһлᣬҪͬĸĽ˿׽
Ϊʲô
˿ԹǸݶ¼񶾵ӣҵĸøֶ񶾵ķʽĥʮʮҹҵĸ˥ҲΪ˱ܿǸӣŶ㵽߾̽ն档
üͷ΢΢һĸѵ𣿡
˿ƽ֮г޾Թޣ˳ͷһꡣҵĸףǸ˵иֵһᡣĸŮǸ˵Уûһ˿λ˿ĸףǽһǿߵŮҲ˵
һʱ⡣
һ尲ķ輧һĸ屳ǿޱȵ۲ŴԵļ֮һʮŻȻƫ̻Լ
˿츳֮ͨѾ֮еţʱѾҫʿ֮Ǽ֮һʮŻӵֻ֮еƫµĴڣȻӲkӡ
ӦãҴӦ㣡ֻҪһܣ㡣
˿΢΢ͷ˫գһ˿˿峺ޱȵΪģ˷ȥһޱȵ»֮и֣γһޱȵӡһûڡ
汾Ȼ΢΢һоһ˿Ȼһһޱȵӡֱڡ
ɲ֮䣬һصľ֮֮мٴλһСС
˫֮һųޱȵɣ¶һ˿˷֮ɫǰķܣİķ˵İԼܹһֻ֮Ҫһٸҿ˿İķҶԼҵʾܹһͻƣżϵȡ
ֲǰķ˱Լʮʥΰաԭİ
Ϊʲô磬ķĴѪϡ١Ϊʵ̫󣬾ʿʵۼǿҲЧ
ߡʮʥ֮kǶߡʿʵۼǿôӦòǺܴ󡣡
عһ֣һƿزָҩƽƽ˿˿С
˿ԥĽһƿָҩһںȹ⣬һųһ˿˿Ĺâ
˿ߣؼ屾֮ҫǡЩ̿Ҳ
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һ˲䣬·̮һ㣬Զʮ֮һǳȻըѿ޴ıը·ը顣
һֲޱȵĺڶȻ֣һڶ֮Уһһŵǳ
һǳ֮Уһֲ׵Ϣǳ֮ɢ˷ȥ
ǹıس⻹ǳҵԤϡȻҲ޷δеı仯
˳ǿֲϢķȥʱ˫һ˷֮ɫ
ȻӵдʥĿֲСΧڲŪһ漣顣Ȼ޷δ
Ҳ޷ȫеδеˣҲ䡣
ҰĲߣȥǿǳѰǵĻԵ
˿üͷ΢΢һӵϣǿǳ̫ΣաܹоǺϵĿֲڡ̫Σˡ
ķ˱ܵϲԼڰȫ֮أϲûаյðա
Ҫڼ֮ڳͷӵһϯ֮أͱðգһпԻõĻԵƾʲôܹѹĽ㣿յԴǵļٱǧ
˿һ˲˹֮֮ɫ˵ûӵϣǹȥҲǸŮ˵ĶҪá
â΢΢һһǳȥ
ˣ

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ںڶ֮еǳǲϿֲڵصıأ

һЩƬ֮߮ðյĽӶӦǿǳ֮ͷųĿֲϢһ֮ɫ׷߷
һ䵽ǿǳ֮ϣǻ֮Ϣɳ֮УӴޱȵ֮ͬɽһ㣬ǿǳϯȥ
ߣ
ļӵϻһ¸ֳһöɫˮɫˮһֱۣϢſ˿һ򼲳۶ȥ
һǳ֮ϣӵǺĿֲޣ˿Ǽǿֻ߽ǳʳϵеȴڡ
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Ȼ۾һֱӿһһ¿Խٵһ峺ĺϷ
Ǳ̺룬һƴСİɫһ˿˿ɫ˷ɢȥ
һͷ峤ߴףͷצĿֲǿվſڵϣǰɫ
һͷֲޱȵǿվ޺Ȼ˫ۣ޾âȻſѪֱһ磬һԸʴʥʿԶĿֲȻӿϯȥ
ôǿĹˣҲûõģ
һ¸ֳؿռŻһƬյĶһ½ؿռŻ֮ڣֱӱǿռŻ͵һڤڤռ֮С
ֱ̤һͷǿվ޵ǰָһţһֲޱȵɴձһڱ㽫ͷʿ۷Ŀֲǿվɡ


1029 ɰʥ
һͷֲޱȵǿվ޽һᣬ㱻һɴȫеѪ⾫ҳ
Ȼʵǿ壡ڽʥ֮ǰͷǿվޣʮּ֡ڣkֻҽʳˡ
΢΢һһУһʥҩֱӷС
һ꡾£ˣ
һɰʥĿֲϢһڶһףһǳ֮⣬ü֮һǳӡǿ߽̤һǳ֮⣬ĿĮ˰
ǹ֮Уǿľʮʥ壬İʥʵǱԶԶͨʥ֮ϣ˽ᡣ
İʥȤҼʶһ£塾񱦵䡿ɣ
浭һЦָһţһֲֿף·ܹصɴȻ֣ʥֱѹȥ

һʥɫ䣬һŭʮǳȻɳޱȵĹ켣С
ʮǳ֮УÿһŶ飬γһɹɿֲޱȵʮǳǳ֮֮Ϊһ壬γһɺޱߵĿֲΰ֮ɴֱӺȥ
ǳ֮֮֮Ϊһ塣˲񱦵䡿Ȼϧòң
浭һ䣬һֲֿޱȵɴȻǴݻγһֲ׵ĺڶʥԼʮǳֱ˽ȥ
޾֮Ǹڶ֮ӿʮǳһ
ʮǳ֮һ±ֲޱȵǳ֮γһǳ磬νʮǳ֮еػ
һʥɺڶ֮УУǹҫʩչŸǿޱȵĹɱطǿֲĺڶ档
ǿֲޱȵĺڶȴΡȻʥѪ⾫
һӣһǿޱȵʥͱǿֲĺڶѪ⾫ɻʧ
һĨ֮ɫǰʥǿߣɵk֮ҵĻֻһ֡
ʱ塿֮󣬱ɰʥǿԼԼɱøӵǿ
ʿ֮Уǰʥǿÿһһĸ߲㡣ǵж壬һɵĸɵһʥֻս
Ҳֻڹǵ˵ĵطܹ޼ɵɱΪеİʥǡʱ塿Ŀֲܷӵޡ
ɵһİʥ֮Ӵޱȵ֮˷ɨȥһ·ɨֵĸֱҩʥҩֱУЩҩػԼǿͳͳʹɰɵøɸɾ
ļӵϻڱָ֮£ɨһһصأ۵Ķҩ
ǡ²ݡжʮϡٵıҩһ꡾²ݡҾɵİͻƽΪǼǿߡ
ǡǹҲһϡٵıҩǼо޴ô
ǡǺǶǿ߶Ч䡣

˿滯ļӵһ·ɼŸֱҩ˷ܣΪ˷ܶϵĲ
˿ȻǼĹ֮һֻһšǼ֮ıҩֲáڼ֮оһ㣬ԴϸϣΪȻȥ
ڿ˿ߣռĸϡҩֻ˵֣Ȼ˷ޱȣ棬֮Ҳʡ
һ·֮ϣ˿ļӵϻȻҲǿУЩǿжһͱɫˮնɱ
Ҳɫˮָ֮£˿ļӵϻܹ׵ҵһһޱȵıҩԼϡޱȵĿ
ԽԽǿˣ
潫һͷʮףʥĿֲ֮󣬺Ȼüͷ΢΢һ壬Զȥ
ԶһֻһֻӴޱȵĽӴԶԾ֣ɱһ֮ϵĸֱҩ
ԶԶһֻֻ֮ϵĽӣһĨɭޱȵɱȫɵһܹջ޴ޱȵˣ
Ѿ˵ĺô˵ĴڣҪѩšʯѩӳ֮ڵĴС¼ѷ
沢ʿ˵֮ӣҪˣ˼ͱնɱǿߡ
Ҳ໥֮У鹫ƽĻᡣֻҪܹնɱ㹻ĵж飬ܹ˲ϣСʵ¼ճΪһǿޱȵĴڡ
ʮǣжϣǿڶ࣬һ˵ҪȫɱѶȡ֮ǽǳ֮ıȫߡ
ǳ룬ȻһޱȵĽɫ⣬һƬ·ڻƽâ֮еɽȻ֣һµı⣬ɽŶֱ
һִաһſǳɽڣһɹɿֲ׵Ϣɽ·նΪ̮֮
һױޱȵɱѪɽڲ·׺ᱩԶ޸գ˶ɣһУɱһС
ֲϢ֮УһϢѹļ˷еıѹ޷
ǵۼر֣
һĨ˷֮ɫǰ̤һһģԽԶȥ
֮䣬һƬɽ֮ǰͣס˽Ų
ƾޱȵĳ֪ܹоɽ̺֮Ŵֲ۳˲֮ɱͨʥǿнǱɽڲҲʮΣա
Ҫǣǳ֮ϣɲֹһˣɽڲɽڲĿֲɱܾˣǳ֮ϵǿ߾Բ⽫ֱӸɵ
һâҫһһ溣ϵĹǿߴ˷䵽Ǳɽڲȥ
ҲԼ溣ǿ߼
һһԹ˵溣Ůһ⣬޷˵һɽͷȥʮһЩǿ߼٣Щ溣ĴڸܴǱɽ֮лñ
һɫĹâһʣһŹ溣Ůһ˲ķѣһƬѪɫ飬ֱһɫĶ
ʲô
ȻƬصûô򵥣
֮дֲ
ӵеۼرıأȻдֲ

ЩΧ۵Ĺǿɫ䣬ĶǱأ֮ɫ
壡
ˣ
һʱǿ֮һ۷ˣ

Ȼ֮䣬Ⱥ֮дһ󾪺֮
֮УʿŮ̧һźĴһ̤նУһź֮һףһͷɫ̷ףɢſֲӡ


1030 ħ֮֮
ĿǴ֮ϵӣһĨ֮ɫǿİʥһȻв壬Ȼ鴫
۳ˡʱ塿֮ȫɱͨİʥǳ֮תİʥҲС
۷ҲֻһʥȴӦвkǿɼһߡ
ʮֲֹһ䣺ðŮʿ̧ΣǺôųҵųûô󣡡
ʿǿÿһһǿףΪϡ١µʿǿҲʮÿһʮء
ǲ۷ɾȻðʿǿΪ̧Σų֮涼Ϊ֮ȡ
۷һ֣ƬĹǿ߶׷óһƬ·
۷ͬһĮĸ·ĹǿߣɭޱȵıأҲСڳ뿪򣬾ȥ
ǹ֮һ°Եסصɽ֮Уŵۼرĵطκһ˵ֻһѡǾǶ̡
۷ɵĻһڳĹǿǷ׷Ȼһԭʧ
һ£Ҳ΢΢һΣ·һͨĹǿһ뿪˵أԶȥ
ЩǿȻԶһƬɢ貹âɽͣǶ˼ǧ֮⣬ʩչطԼΡ
һһǧ·ڱһĿֲߴԶ䵽˴˵أһʥʿĿֲӵk֮д
۷ɿڵ棬һҲģ뿪
һͷֲޱȵľһʥʿĿֲڣȻǲ۷ɰ赽˼㣬Ҳҵ
һڣͳײ޾ɱ۷ɣһʮǰѾ֡ıءҪǲĻ뿪ɲǲ壬û˻㡣
ǹ֮һǿޱߣӵиǸƣǿꡣʮʥΪѹ죬˸ҿ⡣
ǹ֮Уǿޱȵ֣ױף塣
ϾȻǿޱߣȴҲʱʱ̿÷档kͬҪԼʵ
жҡĴ·߸ΪһЩС³֡ʥʿǿ䣬ڵkǵУҲֻһС¡
ûһأֻǿ߲ʸá
׹ҫһͷϳһ峤ߴǧף׵ӡɢһ˿ʥԶǿʨȻ֣˵أĶŲ۷ɣɭޱȵɱ
ǿҲΪ㲩۷һ׷ɱЩ𼶵ǿߡ۷ɣȷҪΪУţֻһѹʺ
һͷչǧһſǳľȸɢſֲĲʥĶŲ۷ɣɭޱȵɱ
۷һĬߣ
һâҫһһʵֲޱȵİʥǿߴƬɽ͸
һʿĹǿ΢΢һһƬȥ
һͷȸȻſһһһеĿֲнһʿĹǿһ£ֱ븹С
ȸһĨײкһ벽𼶶ûдﵽķҲصʢ磬ǲ
ЩʿǿһʵԶĶƬ
ЩʥĹǿǿȸײУжһĨɵ֮ɫ
濴ȸײУָʾӵϻſ˿ԶԶıܿƬ
ЩʥʿǿÿһǾ࣬ɱ֮߳ĶǿߣڵkǵЩkûйϵĴڶϣɱڵk֮Ҳĵ֮ǿȽ١
ȸ桢ԶǿʨʥȻʲô֮ױޱȣ嶼еĿֲڡ
۷սˣǲһʱǿ֮һʥ޾Բһڽ¡
溣ϵǿ߻¶Ѿɱÿһ缡Ѫ涼ʿʥǿ߸ƶıҩ̳һͻ󲹡
ҲΪˣȸŻףҸһڽʿǿֱ¡
治֮ʱ塿Խɰʮϡÿһǿ߻õĺôĴҪǿٱϡ
һƬɽ֮бҫһɹɺޱߵΰɢȥ
ҹȥ̽һ£
޴ɨһİʥɱ
ǣ棡
һİʥһΧ֮ĮֻܹҧӦ
һʥҡһ䣬һ±Ϊһߴף·һɫ׵ľˣһȦȦصĹâΧһ̤ɽڲ
һɫħɽڲֱӺһʥȥ
һʥĽ׾˴һģһɫħ֮ϣһ㽫Ǻɫħֱ顣
ǽ׾һץӲĽʮ֮һƺɫľץС
һƵĺɫľһֲʥرֲкȻȥ֪꣬Ȼʮ㣬׺ݾףɱһ溣ܡ
ȸ̰֮ɫڵǴ˵֮ħ֮֮أǰΧħ֮ǿħҲɷ档ȥħ֮УħȻûʧȥ˲𣡡
Լʮʿʵۼǿ֮⣬ʷֲ֮ͬ׵ǿߡ
ħ֮һʿʵۼĿֲǿߡk°Եޱȣ˼ʥ壬󱻼ʥֹħҲֱĨ
˵֮Уħ֮Ѿ㼫ڣпͻƽΪµһߡۼɵŰйĶʥ֣ħ֮ɱ
Χɱħ֮һս֮Уħ֮޵֮˴սʿʵۼĿֲڣնɱһشչѲڣֱشնԴ
ħ֮ľһʩչطḷֱ̌ӽԼԼеͳͳѹ˺ڶ֮Уʧ
Ƭħ֮УʿʵۼĿֲǿԼʥʥĿֲǿߣմʥѪ͵ѪŻ˿ֲʱⶼûЩرʧȥԣɱΪ
һħһ춯صıأʿʵۼǿҲΪ֮ĶƬλ̫ƫԶֻʮʥʿʵۼǿ߶ᱻֱӳ֣һС
ʿʵۼǿߵźֵʮʥʥΪ֮ĶƴɱϾʿʵۼǿ̫ϡ٣źļֱֵԹ


1031 ѹȸ
۷ֱǰһһغɫ֮Уһ˿ϢһͿԽǧûƬħڡ
ǰʿŮֱӱ۷׵һߣᡣǰʿǿʥʿĿֲս֮Уûʥرߵۼر޷ʥʿǿ߲в
桢ȸԶǿʨޣȻƬɽͷȥ
һâҫЩʥʿ溣ǿǶʩչطƬɽڲȥ
ΪΪʳʥʿĿֲھħ֮ıȻûйЩСϺס
΢΢һΣϢûħ֮֮ء
һ̤ħ֮֮أһޱߣŷԪ֮ħܣһ߼ʵӴǰ
ħ֮֮һǳ֮УԳһ磬Ƿ
һƬһ߼ʵӴ֮УǿֲޱȵľءеľӿϨʥף׷հʥеľſֲۻ֮һۻ֮ˮͿԶһ溣ǿߡеľؿռŤһͻʧУ޷
һػﲻĩϢǸ֮
һޱȵıǸ֮һ֮и֣˶Ϊ֮Ķ
ޱȵӡҫһŹ׵Ĵӱ֣ϯȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ㣬һɫĹâһŹ׵ĴֱӺ顣
ôĹȻһҵı㻹¿ͷԼӡ뱻𣿡
һʿһܻƽս߸ʮŻƽս׵ĺ溣ǿߣ棬ɱ
һ溣ǿͬūһǺʿߣÿһ˵Ķͷ֮϶ūӡ
ǽƬ溣ǿһЫҿߣ±Ǻʿץסū
Ǻӵһŵʿʵۼǿʥ壬иƣǿ꣬¡һʿɱһ溣ʿ
һֻСϣҲƣǲ֪
ָһţӡȻ֮ͬһ㣬һʿԼߵ溣ǿֱӴȥ
һʿɫ΢΢һ䣬üξȻɳųޱȵĹâγһɫν硣
ǾǺǿķط֮һ硣Ǻһط۷֮ĩգǳҲ޷ơ֮һžطһʿʵۼǿ߼սԳķսԷܡ
ǺеطõطҲ޷
һ̺ӡһ´ν֮ϣâҫһ¹ᴩν磬Ǻʿڣһ˲㽫Ǻʿӡѹ
ҲЩ溣ǿߵڣڣֱѹ
һ֮£һʿ۷ĺǿԼkһٶ¡ūͱͳͳѹ
ǿ˭
һʵϹ
ÿµǿߣ

ΧǿǼһĻʱһвһĨ־֮ɫҫطȥҿ
һ͹âҫеǿͳͳ涪һ֮ڷӡ
ۼرĲ򣡣
ĿһƣһƬīɢ޾ԹħаŨŨѪζۻ֮ǰ
һƬī޾ۻ֮ħ֮ǿڵıѪɢ䣬γɵĿֲڡ
һƬۻ֮ħ֮ʿʵۡʥʥʿıѪµıǨѾһֲ׵ءʥʿУҲᱻۻ࣬ʴۻֱ࣬䡣
ۻ֮ɢһɿֲޱȵĵۼر
ֱӿһ˲Խۻ֮ıԵȡһҾ޴ĸսֱۻ֮۶ȥ
ʱۻ֮ڣѾƯһһɫɫĴ󴬣ۻ֮мۡ
ۻ֮ϷŤγһֲޱȵŤС֮ƺգ׹ҫԪҡ
Ҫۻ֮ϷУ޷صԼУͬʱԿ֮пܴڵΣա
ۻ֮Ϸȸֳ壬ޱȵĶۻ֮ħ׵ĺۻ֮ȥ
׹ȸľ޴֮ϣȸϸֵһɺڶɡ
ʮʿȸӲħף΢΢һȻһâն
һħ״һºʮʿ֮ϣ˲ݻ˵kǵķkǵýڣֱ׹ۻ֮ڡ

Ⱦңҡ

ʮʿǿһһĲҽУһֻֻëȻɫĴıס˵kӲĳۻ֮
ʮʿǿÿһǳưһµĺݽɫȴң޷֮ĺ
ȸǲ𼶵ޣ
̫ˣ
ҲֻĲޣпħףӿкƬۻ֮

ЩŸսǿЩĽĿ֮жסħ׷еȸ̾
ɨ֮һͷӭħף·޵еȸһĨǾ׵أô򵥣ͷȸʵȻǿᣬﵽʥʿǲطףûͷԵĴ
ƣһܼ״֮зɳͬɫħһ㣬Ʈ
¡
ۻ֮ϷһŤ֮з·һͷԶžѣһֲޱȵħγһֻǧĿֲսìͬһ㣬ͷȸȥ
ͷȸʱоһëȻΣգ֮ӡҫһ¸ֳһֲޱȵɺڶǳһĿֲܣһֻǧĿֲսìһ¡
ɺڶ΢΢һһ±һֻսì˺Ѻڶһͷȸ֮ϣͷȸһᴩħײƣͷȸֱӴ䡣
âһȻҫȸڵķͿշȥſѪڣһһɿֲһͷȸϡ
Զǿʨ̤ħף·׹һ㣬ͬһȸͿշȥ
ȸһͷʥʿĿֲޣ¶Ǿ䱦˵kЩʥʿĿֲڶо޴ô
۷ɻֳʮޱȵ֮ƣٶȻʮͿշУȸȥ
ʱһʱⳤӴԶʱⳤ֮У·Խһ㣬һɲ֮һͷȸ·ֳ֡߱ذסݺһȸĸӡ֣ȸֱӷӡѹ


1032 ۻ֮
âһȻſѪڣ㣬ֱҧȥ
Զǿʨӡҫγһ׵սìȥ
۷кâʮƽ֯γһֲ׵֮նȥ
һʱⳤȻΧƣ·ڲͬʱ֮УűضܵһģǿߵĹ
һҧ£ӲĽԲʮҧһµĴ󶴡
Զǿʨ۷ǿߵĹҲֱӺ˸ա
۷һգ˫ӡ֣ĶԶ濪ڵʱ壬λѣʲôˣ
Ȼһ仯Ϊ̬վһľ֮ϣ䶢档
ԶǿʨҲҡһ䣬һ뷢ŨܣɢſֲϢĿ棬ɱӿ
浭ɢħ棡
׺׵Ĺâɱӿħ棬ǺôĿһ벽𼶵СȻҲƣǲ֪ȸ͸
ȸһʥʿĿֲڣǳ磬սֲס
ȸ̫ţӲƬۻ֮ħ׷д˽ɣħսìᴩֱشڳûһʤk
棬ȷҪҶ֣ɲֹ𼶵ǿߣ
һ㣬һŻ渡֣滯ֲޱȵĻ֮С֮ϯȥ
С֮ϣֱվ溣ǿߡǻ֮ȫԽ溣ǿ߷ճɻҡ
ߣ
һòͨһĨŭɫһһ˿˿ʥȻǻ֮һۣһɵĹâһɨӲĽǻ֮ɨ
һƤɫò׵Ŀ䣬һɫһɨſֲʥǻɨ
һòªŧ壬һ͵θڵſһſֲʥǻһ븹С
Ŀ΢΢һǿߣһĨɵ֮ɫ𼶵ǿߣ
ħ棬𣿡
һòͨһĨŭɫڷӡҫΧնѹΪ֮Ť̮
һŭѪƯơʥһŭ
һ𼶵ĿֲǿһŭȫԻǧٸ硣
κĵµλ涼ֵסʥʿǿߵĹĵλλ汾Դѹסʥʿǿߡ
һƤɫò׵һĨĹâ׹ħ棬ˣضȥɱԿԻþ޴ĺô
ɨһòһЦħڣǱǻ۵׹ħ棬ɱԿԻþ޴ĺô
Ǳ֮һҲûֹͣռǿߵϢ
ʥʿµǿҲͰˣʥʿϵǿÿһ춯أ¡һЩԵʥʿǿ֮⣬󲿷ֹʥʿǿ֪ź
ħھһ䱻̲ǿߡkԭ棬ΪūΪһĳŽΪ˲𼶵ǿߡkɻkĳ
ħâһţ
һħںգѹһеĿֲϢֱѹȥ
һЦָһţһųʮӡʥȻ֡
ʥĿƼᾧֲܿסȫһȴʥǿߵһΨһȱݾ㹻ǿȴûʿ֮дʥǿ߹̺ŵɷԼְᱻܡ
ʥһħбһֲֿΣԤУȻֱ
һޱȵĹʥ֮кգħͳͳ飬һħڳսֱӺɷ顣
ÿµļһÿµı
ǲ۷Ŀֲƻ
ֻв۷ƻûиɷԱܡ
ҲֻмĿֲʥֲܹı

ۻ֮еĹǿһɫ䣬棬гء
ǲ۷ĿֲƻʥʿҲΪ֮ɵʥʿǿߵĲ֮УҲܵشԻָ
ȼǿ߿ҲһĨ֮ɫǺεĿֲɱ⣬Ҳȫ
ħڱۻ֮âɱ񱩣ҪһУսһ
ʱһħ״ħϣõkһ𣬻ָѡڴһսһɵգвͻᱻ֮иֵѹֱ䡣
ߣ
ħǿѹŭһһӣһսٴθ֣ڵkĽ£ĵ棬ơ
ǸϷʥҲâ΢΢һûڡ
ħڱϾʥʿĿֲǿߣûбҪҲԸkսвһͬھ³
׹ħĿһۣһ˵kʵǿףϿѹ棬ȴҲԸ־յ֮дս
ȸ᲻һȴѹȻûӡߵһĻĿ˭ҲԸΪ˽Ŀ
ļǿһĬĬĴ߶սۻ֮۶ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬ۻ֮֮кȻڹһֲֻֻޱȵħִۻ֮и֣ץסһսһսۻֱ֮ӳȥ
Ҫ

ס֣

һս֮Ķӵ溣սĿֲǿߣǷ׷׳֣һֻֻħֺȥ
ħֱȴҲսӲĳۻ֮ڡ
Щ溣ǿһȴԼս֮ڷ룬һħױֱӺǵ֮ϣֱѹۻ֮ڡ
۷ɨһЩ溣ǿһһЦһȺûʵۼرǲ֪
ЩʥʿֲǿǶĮĿЩ溣ǿ߱ۻ֮ɣûһ˳֡
ЩʥʿǿЩ溣ǿں棬ҲǴǳ䵱ڻҵ˼kǿɲԸԼĻԵЩ溣ǿ߷ߡ
ȻǶҪˣһѣ
ſһĿֲӰȻ֣һֲޱȵһ溣ʿһӲĽһ溣ʿУײе˼㡣
ʥʿҲ׷׳֣Щʧȥս溣ǿֱɡ
Ҳͬѧתɰ壬Щʧȥսۻ֮溣ǿɣǵ
ǿʿйϵûɵһ溣ǿ߶ܹĸӦԼһ֡


1033 ѹ
Щ溣ǿǼһĻһ𺳣г־壬ĹŴۻ֮Ĵ֡
ǼʥʿǿҲзִ磬ûжЩڴϵ溣ǿ֣߳ǵkǺģǵkҪڻҡ
ۻ֮һڣһֻ׵Ŀֲִۻ֮һվһʿǿߵĴһץ
һʿǿɫ䣬޾Ļ棬·ΪһС̫һ㣬̫׷裬һУһС
һֻۻĿֲһץһС̫֮ϣƬۻճۻ֮ˮգ¶һеѪܵĿֲ֡
һһֻеѪܵĿֲ֣۾΢΢һһĨ˷֮ɫ˼֮⣬ĻеڹҼΪǿֲ
һֲֻޱȵĻеַһӲĽһʿǿݻֱ̫󱬡
һͷߴʮ׵ĻƲûͷ­·һͷһĿֲһ˿˿̺ŲϢۻ֮ڣֲס
ǲһʬ壬Ѿȥ£ôôǿ󣿡
kۻħ֮бʴѾ顣ûбʱĥ𡣵kѾǰĵkµ顣

ڳǿ߶ǼΪֲǿߣһ۾Ϳһۻ֮ðͷ״̬
һۻ֮иֵĿֲͷһʬ壬Ѿ֮ǰǴʥǿûжط֮ʬҲ˿ֲɱʿǿߡ
һʬۻ֮оֱ仯յԣȵk֮ǰǿֲ
Щ溣ǿߡʿǿ߷׷ʩչط
˷˼Ŀֲ׷׺һֲޱȵͷ֮ϡ
һͷϵۻ֮ˮ޾ֵǸָķͬʱͬһ޵еħһģƬۻ֮ۻ֮ˮڣˣڳϯȥ
һ溣ǿһ־ףۻ֮ˮһֱӳ˺ס
һ溣ʿǿߴս֮ϷȻ֮нµħ׺Уͬһۻֱ֮ɡ
һҫַ˼ǿķâҫЩʿ۷塢ʥĹǿ߲ʵսַסǿֲۻħˮػû䡣
һʬˣȻţ㣡
һŭȻֳ壬·һ㣬ſѪڣͷһȥ
һͷ˴һӣ޾ۻ֮ˮȻڣϯȥ
һŤޱȵѪ֮и֣޾ۻ֮ˮָ
ݺһҧͷ˵֮ϣһڽͷֱ¡
һͷһʥʿĿֲ֮ɵĿֲ飬ۻ֮潫kɣԿԻþ޴ޱȵĺô
һɲ֮䣬һɫޱȵĹ޾ħ֮бһĸĸֱӹᴩ
ͷ˵˫ִĸһӲĽ˺ѳ롣
һʱһ̤ʱգޱȵĳͷɺһſϰֱһȻԭʧ
׹ħȼʥʿĿֲҲâ°
ʥʿǿ඼Ѫַ˼ĳ󡣲ҪѪ»ָȫʢʵҪĵԴҲ֡
ÿһʥʿĲ̺֮İޱȣǰҲֵͬǿɱᡣ
Сɱң
ֻʣȴȻ׺ףֲޱȵĲʥ񱩣ſһ磬綾ӿ֣һɫľ綾֮ӵkֱɺڶ֮ڣҪɺڶŤ̮
һĨ֮̾ɫʥʿޣǡ߱ذסҪѹȸղŸkһͿֱӽkѹˡ
ȸҲһͷǳΪʳľޣֲ֣סǡ߱ذסޱȣ޷kѹ
ȻҾһ̣
һЦһӣռŤתɺڶһ׹ۻ֮ʧ
޾ۻ֮ˮһ½֮ϣħֵĲ֮ϣkӲۻ֮ȥ
ֲޱȵۻ֮׾ٵĴĻ֣ŵk˿֣ʴ

һŭХʥӿγɷ籩ָͬʱޱȵĽԼʴĲնϣ𣬴ħ֮ѣշȥ
ָһţһ̺ɰĿֲڶȻһ¾УѪ⾫
شȴȻû䣬ſһ磬һűȻ֣ݻǳγһ磬νkػһУػӲĵֵǺڶ֮
üͷ΢΢һҪɱһʥʿǿ߹Ȼѡ
汻ͷشȻֱۻħۻ֮ʴشȴȻû䣬ֵסĹչֳ˿ֲ׵ս
ĥ㣬һУõѡ񡣲Ҳ˲ôˡ
΢΢һ׷߽γɵȻɳͬһƬֲޱȵĳڵķһˣݻɵ硣
âħ棬úݶҪϾɱ𣿡
浭û磬ʤΪΪܡɵ㣬ҾͿԻþ޴ޱȵĺôԣȥ
ǹʥʿǿߣ潫kɱͿԻþ޴ޱȵˡ
κһʥʿĴڶһľӢһ䣬˵ʧ
֮У໥ɣһ֮ǿø࣬һͻԽǿ
֮УŻ᲻һеĻɱԷɱԷǻԼ漫
ҪǾͬھɣ
˫۳죬ӡҫҪԱ

üͷ΢΢һ壬ת㲻壬һָ
һޱȵĿռ֮Ȼ֣֮ϣնѿ
һʱһˢõk΢΢һͣ͡
һݻγɵĿֲǳݺһͬ׹ذ㣬Ŀֲײ֮ϣkײķѡ
ҫ汻Ѫһ»һСߣҪٴۡ
һСһ֣㱻ǿֲޱȵ֣֮һһ飬ʥûڣꡣ


1034 ۼرħ
뱻ɣһγһŽɫʥԴӡγһ硣
һķӡ׷ǽ֮ڣһӡ֮ݻγɵĽɫʥԴ֮ϡ
һµӡ֣ǽɫʥԴѹƣӲķӡ
ѹ֮滷ΧֻΧһ⡢ɵĿⶼϡ
ʥʿĿֲޣ㱻شսȻ׺ףɱʥkȻ˵ʱѹЩʥʿ޶Ϊ֮ɵ
ħһĨɱλļһѾȸѹ޳ܣţǶ޷ĵǹＤսֽɱڴ˵Σ
Щ𼶵һâ棬ɱӿʱгֵĿܡ
ȸ棬kǵʥʿǿ˵Ǵ֮ʥʿǿƴɱ
ʥʿǿ߾㲻ͨɰ壬ҲͬԴͬǿߵʬ֮лþ޴ޱȵĺô
ʿ֮Уÿһʿʵۼǿߵĵʥʿǿߵ䡣Ϊʿʵ۵ǿߵҪ֣Щʥʿǿߣʿʵ۳ɳ֡
ħڣ𣿡
Ŀ䣬ɱӿһָʥȻ֣һֳţֱָħڵζʥʿޡ
ͷһʥڣʱɫ䡣
طʩչطһͿԽʥҪkǼܡ
ۻ֮УһʥЩǵսпܻᱻݻ٣գвͻᱻħ׻Уֱ䡣
ڳһʵ춯أͬҲһײе˼㡣ͬǿߵĻᣬЩǾԲŹ
ħɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨɵ֮ɫΧħ棬嶯սֻһܾ˵Ľ
Ǽͷֲ˶ɱ棬ӶһСɶһ໥ɵûһ˳֡
ۻ֮УΣأûʮİգûһ˻׶ͬǿ߳֡
۷ɳˣ֮ǻɱͷʲôԹȶɹƬۻ֮
ۻ֮֮Уʵ̫աۻ֮ĺˮʥʿǿ߶ܹʴۻࡣ
Ǳۻ֮ĺˮ࣬ʴҲûô׽kѹ
׹ħɨһ۵ɱͷ˳û͵ϮǾ˵ĵˡһͬɱ
浭һЦûз
֣
Զǿʨһŭ׹ҫһֲޱȵ׵սìȻͷͷ˺ȥ
ͷΧۻ֮ˮӲ׵սìҲ׵սìһֲĴ󶴡
׹ħſһ磬һſֲޱȣǿγɵ׹ǳȻɳͷͷ˺ȥ
ۻ֮ˮֱӱ׹ǳգһƺɫʧ
ħգһ˷˼ĽǶȣݺݵĳͷ˵ıͷ˵ļֱӳѿ
ЩʥʿĿֲڷ׷׳ֲ֣Ĺһͷϣʮ׸ߵͷ˺ѣ顣
һͷ˱ҲʥʿĴڣʥʿǿΧȻԵֵ
һͷȻһӴޱȵһǱۻ֮
һֲޱȵȻۻ֮ǿ߳ս֮ϡ
ǿߵսһ顣
۷ɳŵһͭͭɫĹ⻪Ӳĵֵסǿֲĺ
۷ɣǳı
׹ħһ𣬻һ⣬ǿнڲ۷ɳı֮ϡ
һâҫһʥʿĿֲǿ߶׷״ǿнڲ۷ɵı֮ϡ
۷üͷ΢΢һûоܾĿطȥ
ǲԶ֮һһ£ͷϳһֻɫǵľɫŮһۻ֮ĺˮǰС
һյɫħҲƯǺ֮Уħ֮Уһͷħ˷ۻ֮кң
ͷ˵ķ񹥻֮£ЩϢǿǷ׷ױ¶һ𶥼İʥʥʿĿֲڷ׷ױ¶ֳΡ
һӣһһҵĸսϵĳ֡
ÿһҸսۻ֮ݻ֮һңǰ۶ȥ
һۻ֮ͷվٴγ֣ƾһſǿߵıɹƬۻ֮
һսЩ溣ǿѾȫ䣬ʿǿҲֻһЩʿ۷ڽӹһ١
Ƭۻ֮һƬޱȵĹȺͳ˵ǰ
һƬȺ֮Уÿһߴʮף޴ֺ롣
ǹȺ֮Уɼս֮ĺۼһɫѪҺۺ۴ǹȺ֮Уûۻ֮ڡ
ǹȺ֮У洦ɼһ峤ߴٹǧĿֲʬÿһ߾޵ʬɢһ˿˿ʥ
ħ˫˷ޱȣʧеأһ󱦲أ
ڳҲ˷ܡ
κһʥʿʬһֲıأ⹬Ⱥ֮УʥʿǿߵʬһǧߣǾޱȵıءʿʵۼǿ߶Ϊ֮˷ܣ

һֲǹȺڣһߴ·һһ㣬ȴϷһĿֲ֮дķڳ궼Ϊ֮΢΢һ
ر
ħ֮ĵۼرħӡֲر
Ǿǡħӡħ֮µر

һǿֲޱȵЩʥʿǿһһĨ˷֮ɫ׷׻һǹȺ֮зȥ
ʥʿʬãõıЩۼرκһۼرһЩʥʿǿУõkǺ£ͬ޵УѹʥĿֲǿߡ
һЩĹʿʥǿȷȻֿһһ߾߿ֲޱȵʬȥ
ǵۼرֲʿʥǿ߲룬kѡ˶ȡЩʬЩʬҲǾ޴ޱȵıء
ҵı
һʿǿ߸ոշɳԶһͷ峤ߴףȼħһʿǿһƺȥһʿǿߺûֱɶ
ϣЩЩܹĴڣ
һʥ֦辵Ŀֲħڣ֦һᴩգһ´һʿǿߵü֮ڣᴩһʿǿߣŶԷоѪ꣬һС
ЩʥʿޱȥȴҲ˻ڴ˵أ໥ɱһ߾ʥʿʬ


1035 ͳͳɱ
һʿǿЩʥʿֲ޵ĻΧ֮£һֱӴ򱬡ɡ
Ƭ֮УֻܿʣЩʥʿֲǿǵĻ
ÿһʥʿǿߵʬޱȣֵʥʿǿ߳ɱᡣЩʿǿҪЩʬڳ˵Ρ
һǿǵĻһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһ߾ɢŲʥľ֮ʬȥ
ʱ޾Ȼڶ𣬽Ƭȫڸǡ
飬ֻ׸ߣȫεȻӶŵЩǿߵĻնȥ
⧲֮䣬׹ħİʥһ±նͷҲ

׹ħİʥһŭХⷭڣȻݻг˻ԡѻ飬գЩѹȥ
ЩһͷײյĻ֮Уֳصӡһޱȵͣǻ
ǿֲޱȵĻ֮£ֱڻֻʣһööеԭˣû֮ڡ
ܻĴ֮һ´ƬԽշյĿֲ֮ӶսУն׹ħİʥϡ
ͷ׹ħİʥһѣ֮׹䡣
Щʲôôô£
׹ħİʥһĨ־֮ɫдͷɫȻԶȥ
׻һƬֲޱȵĸ׹ħİʥдͷһ˲佫׹ħİʥն顣
һܼܷӡħ֮и֣һӡ֮⣬׹ħİʥֱѹӡ
ʲôôȥˣƬطôôײеĹ
ħڵĻɫ䣬Ӷ룬һֱܼӳ鱬ֻǼ޾նգ˷ħڵķն飬kȫɣն顣

ɶ

һƬħ֮Уһһֲޱǿ߻ֱնɱ䡣ޱȵ
׹ħɫ΢΢һҵĻˣ
ħɫ䣬ҵĻҲˣ
Զǿʨ˫һ¸ֳޱȵӡ׹ҫһ֮ʾһƬŨֵľ
۷ɳƬŨ֣ʲô޷ħ֮֮أʲôֲҲʮ
ħ֮֮µĵһǿߣų޵еĿֲڡһʿʵۼǿͬھ
ħ֮֮أʥʿļǿߣΣأǾءʥʿ䣬Ҳϡ档
һû˵̫աǱСġ
ڳĶǿɨһۣĿ䣬һ˿˿ɱֱǾ޴ޱȵĹڷȥ
ʲô
ǹ֮ǰһֻףɢһɿֲڰľ֣һɿֲ׵ĲϢǾ֮·նҪѹ̮
ǰħ֣֮
һʥʿһĨ˷֮ɫ
һʿʵۼǿߵ̺ͬʱҲǾѰ񼶱ҩֵһʥʿʬ֮ϡ
ͷԶǿʨȻת׵壬һ׹⣬һħ֮֮ǰſһ·հ㣬һֲޱȵȻ֣ǰħ֮־ȥ
һֲޱȵĺڰħڰħ֮֮Ϲâһǿֲޱȵֱӱ
ħɱӿһ̵ᴩգ˷ԶǿʨֱӴȥ
̵պգᴩԶǿʨĻ׹⣬Զǿʨļȥ
һȻԶǿʨΧ֣Ӳĵסһ
۷Ĭģҫͬһ޵вܵoһΧ֣ÿһ۾֮У·һڣʩչطҫޱȵ⡣
һֲֿޱȵĴڲ۷ɱڶ˾㤵һִվһֻ̺ſֲۣܵһ˿˿Ϣ֮дѹķ

Ȼǲ

һһֲֻޱȵۣ˶ɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
ۿһսط۷֮һ޵УҲش
۾ƾ޵еѹǿߣɱһͬߡ
һֻԶǿʨһ޾֮һԶǿʨϡ
ԶǿʨϵһһһۼըѿѪĽʥή
ͷԶǿʨһŭһ±׹ԭʧǰħ֮֡
һͷٶȿ쵽˼ʥʿǿһչᣬſֲޱȵٶȰ壬һɲǳǰħ֮Ϸצһץסǰħ֮֡
䶸ǰħ֮Ȼһ´ǿĸһڰȻǿס
״Ǻڰ֮и֣ݺݵҧǿ֮ϡ
ͷǿ΢΢һѪ꼸˲ήǰħ֮ȫա
ʬ䣿
˼һĻжӿһ˿˿ëȻĸо
һʿʵۼǿ߷ʬ䣬ɿֲޱȵĹֹɱʥǿߡ
һϣɱk
۷ȵһֲֿޱȵĹɱǰħֺ֮ȥ
ڳ֮ʥʿĿֲڳʮˣ֣ʲôܹѹ
ħ֮ǿ֮Ȼ𣬻һšħӡķȥ
׷
ڳǿһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһ⡾ħӡķȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һᣬҲǡħӡķȥ
Ǿ޴ޱȵĹ֮ǰһƬֲޱȵĻ֮һƬ֮ǧŲޱȵ̫޴ޱȣ˲
溣ʿǿ߽ӽƬ֮Ҳᱻֱӷգɻҡ
գ
۷ȡһյͭŵƣǻ֮һָ
һޱȵĹâһǻ֮ڣһſ̫ȡûյͭŵ֮ڡ
һʵ˵ĿֲǿҲʩչطǻ֮е̫ȡ
ʥ֣һƬֲޱȣʿǿ˵ԿԽһĻ֮ͱkӲƽ
һ·֮ϣֳ˼ֲֿޱȵľأЩضħ֮ʿʵۼǿ߽γɵĿֲأɱʥ
ڳʮСģȻ˼𶥼ʥŴǼƬأִǻֺ޴ߴĺΰ֮ڡ
Ǻΰ֮ڣеһжѾݻ٣ֻһߴףͷϳһֻħǣӡɢŰԵϢޱȵӰȻվǹ롣


1036 ɱ֮ʥ
ǿϲһ޴ޱȵͭսꪣҼȫʧϵ˿ڣ¶ɭɭǡ
ǿӵͷһӣӳѺۣɢſֲĲѹļ˻ġ
ǿӵߣɢƬÿһƬɢһ˿˿ȻǵۼرĲƬ
ħ֮
һбһĨ֮ɫ
ħ֮£ѹһ֮⣬һһûκǵkĶ֡ʥΧħkǿնɱһȻʩչطħеǿͬھֱ졣
ħ֮һ߶Ϊ֮ģѵõı
ۼر
濴ħ֮ͷġħӡͲڵk֮ϵͭսꪣһĨ֮ɫۼرʮֶġ
һӰҫһСޱȵתٶȰ廯һǡħӡȥ
ȥ
ħһŭХһѹգᴩһУֱӴȥ
һСޱȵ΢΢һ̾һ±ʥʿĿֲһȻ֣һٵס
۷ɵһֲޱȵǿ߷׷׳֣СӺȥ
СΣ̾һһ⣬ֱӴԭʧ
Щǿһâħ֮Ĳȥ໥֮乥ɱݡ
ֲޱȵ˷ɢȥռüŤ
΢΢һΣʮûвǿֲޱȵԹۣΧ
һЩʥǿҲǼսĺ֮ſ־֮ɫҽӽ
Ǽս֮أûʥʿսһ˲ͻᱻƬ֮ء
滷Χ˫֮иֳӡΧȥ֮мأûݴĻǼӦû
һޱȵΪ˷ȥ鲼
ҵˣ
Ȼ۾΢΢һһΣһƹǼսġ
ǹһƫƧ棬һųʴۼȭͷСʯͷ
Ħᾧߵĳɾ͡Ħʯֱ֮ΪʯпܽΪľر
һץסһųκۼʯͷһĨ֮ɫ
ĦҲǹʥ֮һҲһ뼲һ㣬еƼƼеĿֲ
ĦĦ֮ڵõĦʯ֮Ѹһ·죬ǿߡۻûעʱ򣬾ѾΪʿʵۼǿߣΪ˹ʥ֮һ
ĦʯؾףĦ֮⣬ûһ֪ĦʯءҪһĦʯضĦܾ֮
ÿһ߶ѹһ棬޵СˣЩʿʵۼǿȻõkǵӡ
ΪЩʿʵۼǿͬÿһʵ춯أսԴЩѡ
֮Ҳͬ໥ƺ⣬ѾȷϣӵмôıkǶԼµʿʵۼǿߡ
̾ħ֮˲𣡾Ȼܹʿʵۼǿͬھ
ʿʵۼǿһӣ߶Խ֮ɱ
ħ֮Ȼһɱʿʵۼǿߣkħе̣ȼԼȻս죬˸
ħ棬еıｻȥ
һԵޱȵһԴһͷһյħƣɢŰʥ۷ֲϢħ
ǵkħƹ
kǸ˵֮Ѿ۳֮ħƹ
ħ棬һΣˣħƹħ棬ҪıͳͳӶᡣ

ЩԶ뼤սģһԣͼˮ㣬Ǿߵʬİʥһһͷħƹʱһ֮ɫ
Щڰʥ֮۳֮ĴھǿߣһЩ̱ʥʿǿ߲ɱ
ãã֮ӵֲĴڣʥʿĴκһ涼һС
ǿΪ˽ʥʿ֮伫˺˱Դ̤Σ֮СkҲֲޱȣɱʿѹʥЩڰʥ֮۳֮ǿȴkǿ⡣
ɨħƹһۣɭһЦȱūͣϣȥ
ôĹҳҸô˵ˡͳͳѾˣȻôҾͳȫ㣡
ħƹһĨɱָһͷϵһյħȻһħ棬գɱһУȥ
ԸңȻ֮ûת޴͸
һЦһ¸ֳӡǲ֮ʱ塿еӡȻ֣ٶһ¼ʮһһСһеɺڶȻħƹѹȥ
һ·֮ϣħ涼ɺڶȫɣһɲ֮䣬ħƹûзӦ֮ǰɺڶͽħƹֱɡ
һݻг̵ǳһħƹϣ۳֮ħƹһ飬飬ɺڶֱɡ
յħƲнΪʥرǱ
â΢΢һһսħƾͳС
ˣ
ħƹȻˣ
ôk۳ڰʥ֮Ͳ֮ǿߣô䣿
ħ棬kҲ۳˲֮
ǸҲڰʥ֮۳˲֮

ЩһԵİʥǿ߼һĻг֮ɫħƹڰʥ֮۳˲֮ͬ޵еĿֲɱʥһ޵Ȼɱֱ졣
ħƹʵףϧk̫дûеһʱ䶯ò֮űǱȫһɱӵضûС
Ҳ۳֮İʥʥʿǿĲࡣ۳֮İʥҪط߶ԼĲ֣ܹ֮ǿսʥʿǿʱʱ̱̿ǿ״̬ûһ˿㡣
Щħ֮ʬʥʿǿҲֳһ˿˿ע⣬ϡ
ЩǿǱѾоĲڿħƹһɱһĨ֮ɫΪͬȵĴڡ
һâ΢΢һһͷǧףɫϳʥʿЫһ´ս֮зɳǰɱӿħ棬еıҿ㵱ҵˣ
Ыո£һɫʥʿҲԷֵЫβȻһֱ֮Ӵȥ
ǿֲޱȵЫβ̺֮ɫľ綾壬ʥǿ߱ЫβҲֱж䡣


1037 ʥ
ЫΪƻ棬ʵȴ͵Ϯǿ߾ûз֮±k͵Ϯֱ֣ɱ

âҫһӡǲ֮ʱ塿ȫһʱⳤӻ壬һɺڶȻ֣ѹգź󷽵Ыβϯȥ
ôĵӣȻҷң
Ыâҫӡ֣һǴﵽףֻ޴Ы֮ǯſֲޱȵʥȥ
ЫЫ֮ǯ̺壬Ȼռ䶼ܹ÷飬׷ǳ
һжǿ
ޱȵĹâһȭӿݻΪһ޼᲻ݣǳһЫ֮ǯȥ
¡
·ǳײһ㣬һ춯صĿֲ֮Ƭըѿ
ЫֱɳʮҲֱͬɳʮ˫ֵѪ
£ȻܹЫƽɫ
ħ浽ʲôôôֲ
ÿµܹɱħƹĿֲ

Χ۵İʥǿǼһĻɫ䣬֮ɫ
ЫƵĿֲ壬ʥʿ֮󣬸ǿֲף׿ѹʥǿߡھȻϱ׷ƽֱ˲š
һĨ˷֮ɫһʥʿȻǿ󣡡
ȸʥʿȻѹǶŶԷشʱ͵Ϯһٽ⻹һʥʿǿߡ
ħ棬㼤ŭˣ
ЫһĨâӡҫʩչ˵kǿ츳ܡһޱȣʴءŤռ䡢ɱһУ̺Ŷ֮Ŀֲɨȥ
һɫĶ̺Ųʥ溣ʿʿǿֻҪһ˿ͻᱻֱӶ
һ˿䵽򣬾ͻὫͳͳһ
תʱ壬һһʱ֮УٶȻʮʱ֮УűضܵɷԣͷЫȥ
һɫĶͬӵһ㣬һŤ̺Ųʥϯȥ
Ыǿ츳һ̺ͬżΪֲɷѰѡ
һһУѹһеĿֲɺڶȻ֣ɫĶһ
һɫĶһ±ɺڶֱɣֲޱȵɰ屬һĽɫĶĥ
һɲ֮䣬ЫǰǿֲޱȵɺڶһӲĽЫУŵkѪ⾫
һݻгɵǳֱЫȥ
Ы˫ǯһǿǳֱӼ飬Ыβһ̣ɺڶֱӴƣһâǴ֮зɳ
̤ʱͬһ𲻰ܵΧʱٱʮһĨֲޱȵӰӳЫǰһȭһȭЫ֮ϡ
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һ춯ؾ֮УЫǿʥرļ׿ŤһڿѪֱء
ЫҲΪ壬˫ǯףһ˼ĽǶȥЫβҲû档
ЫϾʥʿľޣȻѹƣȻʩչֶΣʱⳤӣϣѪ
Ыͬͷֲޣɱһ˫Ѫ죬˲ᡣ
Ыϵļ׿ǿʥرĸֹǼ׿߳ϡȻռϷ磬ȻԽЫնɱ
뾡kȻȻ鷳ˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫ̤ʱʱٱʮޱȵĳЫ
ʥȻ֣âһޱȵĹЫһЫ֮ϡ
Ыһ˲ͱޱȵĹᴩֲޱȵĶѨ
滯һֲޱȵĶѨ֮ڣһ·Ыڡ
һֲֿ׵ɺڶЫ֮ڲ죬մЫͷƿ
ɺڶȻһţЫֱУЫѪһɡ
һǿޱȵЫѪ֮ӿûڣ·һ֮ȪڣϵĽ
ɰ¾ףЫһʥʿĿֲеѪ⾫꾫ͳͳեȡעڣ
Ы澹Ȼħɵˣ
ħ治һ벽𼶵ǿߣȻնɱЫ棡
ħ澹Ȼɵˣʵ̫ˣ

һΧ۵İʥǼһĻг𺧡
Щ۳֮İʥֻܹʥʿĴڣЩ֮УֻܳĲܹһʥʿܹɱһʥʿڵİʥֱ졣
Ыʥĳ֮Ҫ֮ưһ޵УޣٶȾ졣ҾԲܹȵk
濴ɺڶ֮Ыʬ˫ҫޱȵĹâ
ЫȻʥʿĿֲޣսȴȰʥĳ֮ϰ
նɱЫ֮󣬱㾲Ŀħ֮ʬڵλãǼʥʿǿ໥ɱ
Ŀڲ۷ɵϣһĨ֮ɫǿļһ
ǲ۷ȻֻаʥΪͬ۳˲֮׺ףԲɱʥʿĿֲǿߡ
ǼʥʿĿֲǿħ֮ڵĵطƴɱȫ𣬸ײޱȵĽɷһ𣬼˺ѡ
һŭޱȵĺ֮УͷԶǿʨһ׹ħ֮ڵս֮зɳʱĵkѾദපڣ˺ۡ
Զǿʨһս֮зɳʮ־Ŀһۣſһ̣һھͽһʥֱУڵľ׽
һʥǿ߶Щʥʿ˵һҩ򣬵kǲŲЩʥǿ߳ڴ˵ء
ֱӴ֮д̳һ´ʥǿڣʥѪһɣ߸ʬ
һͷһ׳ķ׺Ȼһ³һʥǿǰһץ㽫һʥǿץУһһ£ָԼʵ
Ҳһ޴ޱȵĺڶЩʥǿߡ
Щʥǿʿÿһһǿĸ߲㣬ûɱһһǿ塣ǿ棬ҲԵ޹նɱһʥǿߡ
棬˫ΪУÿնɱһʥǿߣ涼ܹþ޴ˣȻ顣
Щʥһž֮ɫһȥ
н磡
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ʥʿʣԶǿʨ׹ħ桢ħڡ׺ͷ
ħڿڵλЩ벽𼶵ǿ߶Դľ콾ÿһսҵƽ죬ϱһֽնɱȡǵıȻٸƾ£Ǿߵʬ
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ͷ޽ֻǸոսʥʿʥ֮һμΪֲľ룬ʥʿ۷嶼һβԽĺ蹵Ȼǵʬ졣
һһԴħ棬ǰ㣡֣նͷޣȻƽֵʬΣ
ڹ֮⣬սŵĿһɨͿŮ벩۷˳ߡ
âһŵãȵkƴܾ֮ٽȥ
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ҵģ
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һͷԶǿʨǿֲ׵Ӳ֮£һıѣѪƬըѿ
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ǡħӡɱԶǿʨ֮󣬱йâħ֮ĵʬϷ
һĨ֮ɫǵۼرȻһʥʿޡ
ʥʿÿһʵժֻСҿԳΪһػĴڡ
ֲĴڣȻǡħӡûյĵۼرֱŵ˼㡣
ǲдĴ޶ǡħӡ̰ޱȵĹâֽɵĹɱطҪɱ֡
Ĵ޶ʥʿĿֲڣǻ۳ֻҪkʱ䣬kſַͨ˼ֶνǡħӡ֮еӡĥ
㴫ʱˣɱ׹ħ棡
Ȼһֱûǹ֮ڡ
۷ָһţһֲֻޱȵ۴ſһǻͷѵ׹ħ档
һ·ӾĵĿֲħ֮һ´׹ħϡ
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һͨˮƿ֮зɳһ½׹ħϡ
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һǰɺڶһ׹ħֱӾڶ֮ڣһ̺ǳһײ׹ħϣkײķѣɣ̲ꡣ
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ӡƿ⸡֣ƿϲ洫һޱȵĲҽ֮
ħڡǲͷȻ𣬻ԶȥkѾѾˣȻڴ˵ذװ
۷е۹â΢΢һһУһնһħնء
һˮײĴӲ۷ɵзɳޱȵĹâǱնصħһħֱӾˮײ֮ڣѹ
ǲ۷ɻǰ㶼İʥӵдˣӵǿޱȵر
նɱʥʿ֮󣬶ǲдĲͷΧ
ǲͷӵߴĳ츳ս׺סǿߵΧ֮£һնߴΣձɰֱɡ
ħ棬лնɱЩޡ㣬ȥˣ
ոǲͷ۷ɴһһֻȻ֣ޱȵĹâȥ
Ҳֳһƽսꪣһƽս£ͬһ𲻰ܵŮ񣬻Żƽ⣬ȥ
ӦҶлǲŶԣȥˡ
һЦһһ±ŨŨ֡
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۷ɫ䣬ֳ飬һĹâγһֲĽ硣
׻ӶնǿֲĽ֮ϣһͽǿֲޱȵĽնǧٿס
ͬʱŨŨħҲڷŲ۷ɡ콾õk޷֮طɱС
ǲ۷ҲİʥȻյأײɱȻ׺ףһͷͷ״ݻ١


1039 ʬʬ
۷ŷ֮ɫŭޱȵĺеħ棬ɸһһƽһս
۷ǲ֮һɫ֮һ۳˲֮Բɱʥʿǿߡһһ޾κΰʥǿߡ׼޾Ϊ֮
΢΢һЦɱ磺ֻɱıض̣лλ֣ɱޡȻһҪЩֽš
ħ֮Ĺ̺֮ž޴ıأӵɱʥʿԴԸȻֻһѡǾǶбء
۷Ѿ֮һſŹޱȣֳ̺֮帡֣ǿ塣
һޱ֮м䣬ϡ
һܼױޱȵһУ˲飬Ͻװ׸ʴһѷ
һöö׵׺Ĵӻ֮зɳֱûĻ֮ڣֱӷɻС
ϵеսÿһӵһö׺ġһö׺ֻҪݻ٣ͻ᲻ϵҽɳԽԽֲ
۷ȷʵ׺ף޵İʥǿߡϵеսΧ֮£ܿ˺ۣѪ졣
޾Ĺħڱգһò۷ɸ޷֮ΰָ
汾𾲾վһ߿ϵеսΧɱǹ콾ֻҪӵ㹻ϵսˣնʥʿǿ߲⡣ԸʥʿĵˣҪĴе󡣡
Ѿгһǧܵϵս˱۷Լ콾飬׺ҲֱӴݻ١
ϵеսÿһսΪֲ溣ǿ߼ǿߡͬÿһĵԴҲһ֡
ѹҽףϵеսҲֻܡ
Щӵ溣սսȴ˰ܡ
ҪȻϵеսս˻ʹãһʥʿǿףҪɱkǣûô򵥣ᱻkߡعҫţȻֿԶΪع׵սŲսš
濴սռݣŷʹʹϵеսˣսˡ
ħ棬ȥ
۷ɻ˺ۣһŭֱӻһſֲޱȵۣŨһһУһеĹâ֮кֱӺȥ
ټܽȻֳ֣־޶ܵǰk໥ֲޱȵΪһ壬γһֲޱȵľ޶ܣڱա
۷ȫһһֲޱȵľ޶֮ϣһ˿˿һ޶ֱӵס
۷ɫ䣬ʧеôܣҵļɱ𼶵ǿߣôܱס
ɨ˲۷һۣһĨ֮ɫǲĵơʵұҪǿ󣡳ǴʥǿߣһЩʥʿ֮еľ򣬸ƿǵķ
ϵеսսֲףӣ໥ܹӳֲޱȵսӵ㹻ܹɱʥǿߡ
΢΢һΣһɫĹâԶȥͼط롣
ŰķһЦһԲ
һɲ֮䣬һ±նѿѪ·ɽ
֮б鲼ۿĿռ֮Уһͷײǿռ֮ϣֱնѡ

ȻȥȴһͷײһޱȵĽ֮ϣӲĵɻһޱȵĲҽС
Ȼ˹ȥȫ֣նˡ
һӡȻ֣һӡ֮⣬ڰϣӲĽֱӷӡ
㱻ѹ֮еս˶ΧŲ۷ɡ
ɺޣħ棬㣡
۷˫۳죬һ춯صŭ֮һ¸ֳӡ¡һըѿ
ǿֲޱȵıը˷ɢȥһǧϵеսȫǿֲޱȵıըɣɻңߺĶȫ顣
ػǰĽſǿޱȵķ磬ӲĽԱȫס
һĨϧ֮ɫһйļһϧҵı
۷Ϊ֮һһӵ䱦ԱٵԼĴﱦ֮ɢڿռ֮ڣҲûһ
ɱ˲۷֮滷ΧĿһħ֮ĵʬ֮ϣһĨ⡣
һܼܷӡ߻Ȼɳһߵʬԣһӡ֮⣬ûһħ֮ʬ֮ڡ
ħ֮ʬ˫֮УȻޱȵɣһѹʮأ޵еĿֲǵʬ֮
һӡ֣һӡ֮顣
£ҳϣҿԴ㲻࣡
һ̺޵ĿֲƬصȻǿ棬Ҳǿֲ֮£΢΢һ
ƽޱȵȫʢ֮ʱħ֮Ҳûʸҳοӵʬ֮иոյһʶ
ħ֮£ǹǿʿʵ֮һkһȷȷʵʵѾʿʵۼǿͬھ
ʿʵۼǿÿһӵо춯صĿֲַ˼ıطͬǿͬϵĹɱطնͬǿߵꡣ
ħ֮Ȼ࣬ȷʵѾȫն
ħ֮ʬ˫ŰԵĹâϣħֻ֮һʶҲɱ㣡
ЦûǸ£ղžѾ֣˵صɱǵľѪָԼûв´Ļһۼرꪡס꣬ԶʵҲֻܹӳٷ֮һ
ɱ㣬Ѿ㹻
ħ֮ʬһĨâָһһָǵۼرħӡ֮ϡ

ǡħӡ΢΢һһ˿˿ֲޱȵ˷
Щϵеս˱һ֮ڵ׺һޱȵըѿ·ʧȥһ㣬˵ϡ
ֱӹڱԴȪûĴڡ󣬶ᱻǡħӡӲֱָԴȫɱ治ĵۼر
̾һ䣬һöʱرʱ֮顿Ȼ֡
һʱⳤȻ֣һ³ʱⳤ֮УȫʧȥڽֻʣһӰ
һ˿˿ֲޱȵӲһĲӰ֮ϣֱӴ͸ĲӰʧ
ǡħӡǿףֱָԴûʿʵۼǿߵĲ֮£Ҳ޷ڹȥִ档


1040 ɨ˷
Ӳһʧʱⳤ֮и֣ӹȥصִ
һټܷӡȻɳħ֮ʬȥ
ħ֮ʬâҫһɿֲ׵ĺɫħ⻷塣
Ƿӡ׵Ĺһɫħ֮ϱ׵飬޷һߵʬ
ħ֮ʬһץֻһӴޱȵ磬ѹ£һٷӡֱץС
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һټܷӡ˲ԱֲޱȵıըӲĽһӴޱȵı顣
һټܷӡױݻ֮ٴηɳһټܷӡ׽һӡ֮ħ֮ʬȥ
һӡ֮ף̺ŷӡܱ֮գɡõѡ
ħ֮ʬ׺ףٴһ֣ݻγһֲޱȵ磬Ƿӡѹ顣
վԶûõģ㻹ܹãߵʬһʥʿܹ˵ġ
ħ֮ʬѾʬ䣬ħ֮ʬ֮еһʶսֲסǱһۼرѹkȫԽ˵صͳͳɱ
ھվԶֳֵۼرʱ֮顿Ҫϵеս˻һħ֮ʬ
ħ֮ʬ˫۳죬˫һץס˴ڵkؿڵĵۼرꪡ֮ϣһ춯صŭ֮
⼣߰ߣ·ʱпĵۼرꪡһųޱȵı⣬һħ֮ʬڡ
ħ֮ʬҧɢһɰԵ׵ϢʮּѣһĽǡꪡڰγ
һ֣һǧܷӡȻ֣һӡ֮γһɣһºħ֮ʬĻħ֮ϡ
Ƿӡ֮ʴ֮£ħ֮ʬĻħһı
ħ֮ʬ׺ףתĿһۣһŭ𣬿ֲޱٴνǡꪡγһء

üͷ΢΢һ壬һ֣׷սսɵȻɳһƬֲޱȵĸ˲ħ֮Ļħ֮ϡ
Щ׷һħ֮Ļħ˲kһգڡ
Щħ֮Ļħ⣬һħ֮ʬϣǵʬ
һĨ֮ɫħ֮ʬ壬ۣա
߿ƼᾧҸսнȻˣȻħ֮ʬ
ħ֮ʬ롾ꪡϵۼرԿǻħⱻơһӡ֮ڵk֮ϣӡŵkõk
ɺޣħ棬㾹ȻҶҳ֣
ħ֮ʬ˫۳죬һŭΪ֮𶯣ռΪ֮Ť˫ֺݺһģ̺ſֲޱȵ壬һǵkϵ֮ϡ
Щ׶ʱɣ
ȻˣȻһǧױֱӴݻ٣촷ۡ
ΨЩ׷ΪԶ׻ţɻߡ
ħ֮ʬһݻףǡꪡâʢһ´˵kڣӲĽkѹ
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ħ֮ʬ棬˳Թ벻ʵŭ֮
ħ֮ʬʿʵǿߵľѪһ˿ʶǱǡꪡѹkһͻӵа벽ʿʵۼĿֲɱʱ档
һħ֮ʬпܻɱ䣬Ϊʿʵۼǿߡ
Ȼ֣Ȼħ֮ʬᡣ
ħ֮ʬһĨâħ棬Һһסҵķӡ⿪ҿԽħ֮ķһص䡾ħ䡿㡣һɡħ䡿Ϳͳѹۼر޵У
浭ħ䡿Ȱǰҿҿһûŵļֵ
ħ֮ʬûԥָһǡħ䡿ǰγһޱȵĹâûС
ǡħ䡿ǰҲֻܹʿ֮ʥʿǿ߶òĵϱ䡣
һɲ֮䣬µطӿʶ֮ڡ
ȷʵǶ䡣ѺҲҰɣҽΪǿ֮ٷ
ħ֮ʬɫһˣҪԷڤԡõǡħ䡿֮⿪ҵķӡȻҲᷢԣԲֺҾԲὫ㣡
浭һЦȻˣȥˡеۼطҲһħ䡿
ǧܷӡһһӡ֮ħ֮ϡ
ħ֮ϵħһ¸ֵ֣Ƿӡ֮⡣
ֻħ֮ʬվѾǡꪡѹӡô޷Ƿӡ֮ѣֻܹڷĺ֮Уֱѹӡ
һӣһ߷ӡ֮Ȼ֡
ʮܽǰħ֮ʬ̧Ƿӡ֮ڣѹӡ
һͷŰ˸ͷ­İͷаʬǰȻɳһֻߴףɢŽ⣬һʬϡ
ʬÿһͷӵ溣Ŀֲսͷӵаʥսʬϴ֮һֻعҫȥ
һֻعҫŵȴڶʮϣһټع׹ӲĽعҫŵսʮϡ
ֲֻޱȵľһײһ
ֲıը֮һƬƬѪա
ʮ֮ŷɥʬȺͱȫǶʮعҫǽʧǧܡ
ͬʱǧعҫսֱӽΪعס
ȻɳһͷͷаʬֱӰߣһӡײ֮ڡ
ħ֮ϣս˷׷ħ֮иֹսɱһһޱȵ
һͷһͷʥʿǿʬ屻ߣӡڹŹײ֮ڣΪսƷ
Ⱦ֮УȾ֮ĺˮ
һſŹޱȵȾ屻ֱתС
ЩȾһЩȾʥǿ߶ܹȾɱ
ħ֮һ״ݻ٣ޱȵĲͳͳռһԪ֮ڡ
ħʿ磬ע޷ߡȥ֮ǰҪ˵ؾߣеһͳͳѹθɾ
Ⱦ֮еĺˮԿֲޱȵٶʱͷȾ֮еͷˡ
һͷͷ֮ǰѾش˵kΧۻ֮ˮ֮Ѹǰ֮Χɱ
ֻټ׵ǣͷ˾ͱֱѹӡ
ʧȥʥʿͷˣӴޱȵĻеţֱӳһսۻ֮ɱȥ
Ӵޱȵعҫһºճɱħ֮֮ڣеĵˡ


1041 ħ
ħһƬ޾ɽֵ
ʮعҫΧһ溣ǿߡ
溣ǿһߴɢ貹âĹ貵Ĺâʮعҫ弤ս
ǹʮعҫķΧ֮£һĶѿ
ʮعҫսѸһˣеսնǹ֮ϣǹֱն顣
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ǹ֮ǰһޱȵĲҽ֮
ħ֮ڣս˵׷ɱǱħڵĹǿߣһһǿ䡣
ĻȻɫ΢΢һ˿ߡΣˡ
˿ü΢΢һܹټּ𣿾ʥõ鱨ҪƬҲҪʱ䡣Ӧûʱ䣡
Ļڱָ֮£ħ֮ϻ˾޴ޱȵĺôʿǿ߶Ϊ֮Ķ
˿ҲҰĲҪħ֮ϻøĺôпܿ⼲๫ӡ
һֵָɫˮУǶľ档
˿΢΢ͷ
ЩһöɫˮҵնɱǿУŻĵرһУ˿
âһ˿ֱӴԭطߣȥ
һ뿪һӣһұսȻɳ˿ħ֮з롣
滯֮󣬼޾ս˱ħڵλ÷ɳͬˮһӿɱħ֮ϵĹǿߡ
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Ҫ

ħ֮ѰĹǿһĻеű㱻նɱ
ħ֮֮ϣսͬˮһϯɱŹǿߡ
ħ⣬һ΢΢һһֻҴսɵĽͨռԾֱӳƬ֮С
ϣ
һԵޱȵħ֮дһֲ׵ɺڶȻ֣һҴս֮ڡ

ҳǧ׵Ĵսâҫȴ޷ֵһֲ׵ɺڶֱС
Ҵս֮Уһ±һɹ»ʿϵĿֲϢһǿߴս֮зɳȻֱһбӶᣬɻҡ
һʿǿߴǴս֮зɳ΢һ£ֱӻҳ
Ҳߵزһ˾ͿԻһ壡
վħ֮ϣգһֻǿγɵĽӱһǷֱɱޱȵĹâ
ʱս죬նɱһʥʿǰһЩ΢С壬ѾȫԳΪЩСػ˹
λ鲼ĶλЩ֮еΰ񲻳֡ȫһ֮ǿһǿֱնɱ
ǿ֮Уһ˿˿ҫһֱһǧǳһսȻɳ
һֲޱȵɺڶճ֣һУһɫĹâսһ
һֱߴһǧĺΰս֮Ϲâҫһӡ֣ͼǿֲڶԿ
ֻսôƴȻǿֲޱȵĺڶֱɡ
ʱת˲ţЩнӽħǵǿ߶ֱɣƬ˾޴ĺ䶯
Ľʧˣ
ƬǿճΪоǿǱߴɱ䣬ڱϢ
ħ˵Ǳħ֮Ĺ
ħ֮Ĺôܣħ֮ھħôܳƬ򣿡

һƬ֮Ƭ֮еǿ߶ħڵ˺档ǿ߷׷ħǵķȥ
Ƭ֮ʥʿĿֲǿѾħ֮ȫ䡣Щͽǿ߸ոһħǸͱֱɱ
һٶֻ֮Ƭ֮еǿڶħڵλó˼ɵûǰ
ˣڼʱ֮ڡ
ħ֮ϣ温ħ֮ϵһеһĨ֮ɫ
Ǳ鲼ħ֮ϵһеķԴ֮ڽĸ
ʼɣ
ǻе֮йâһâȻ֣һγһſֲޱȵĹ
һſֲޱȵĹһųһ˿˿ռޱȵĲħǡ
ǹޱȵĲ֮£Ǿ޴ޱȣ·ޱ޼ʵħһСձ仯ΪȭͷС
һе߿Ƽ֮һǸǸԽһǳֱСȻֱӴߣΪֲ
ȻǸҲΪ߰ӵеԴҲֻһס
ǸÿһΣֵԴȻ涼ЩʹħȷʵޱȣԲὫǸϡ
һץħֱץУһΣԶȥʧ
һ֮һŤһźɫ񳲳Ƭ
壬ǲ񳲣
Ĵˣ
ǻڴ˵صǿһǺɫ񳲣жʱ¶֮ɫ
ǿǿԿʿʵۼǿߵĿֲսҲֻв֮еĴܹӵС
һŲ񳲳֮󲻾ãһŤһźɫȻ֣ѹء
壬񳲣
Ҳ˴ѵ˵ģ
ЩעŴ˵صǿǿŷ۷׷ס
΢΢ŤһŰɫȻ֣˪ƣ·ʱͿռ䶼ȫᡣ
˪壡˪ĴҲˣ
ۣ˵ģħ֮Ĺˣ

Щǿǿ񳲣һ˷֮ɫͬһ
񳲿ǿԿʿʵۼǿߵۼرڹ֮оʹ޵СܵĴڡ
ЩõϢ˷ǿһ񳲣ʱ΢΢һ̾ϨħԵ˼
񳲳֣ʹ־Լߵ־ʮʥҲΥߵ־
ЩС壬һ忹⣬ͻ֮
Щʵǿ׵ɢ޾㲻壬Ҳ񳲿⡣ɢܹʿʵۼǿߣôkһ˾ʸڹ濪һʥ壬ߣҲԵk࿴
һ֣㲻ϵŤԾڿռ֮ɴ
һ֮񳲾ͳħԭڵλá
ûˣ
ôʲô飿
ħأûд鱨ʾħȷʵѾҾλá

弶һƬһ𾪡ŭޱȵͷ֮նΪ̮֮Ť


1042 ʥʿϣ
ҵҪ˭Ȼħߡ
Ǻɫ֮дһޱȵ
һɲ֮䣬Ǹ·һǳС񳲹âҫһֻֻºصȻ֡
۹âһû֮С
֮ʱ⵹ħǳ֮ʱ
תʱ⣬׷Դͷۿ취
ħǳ֮ʱһ˲䣬΢΢һΣʧҲ޷ؾۡ
Ǻɫ֮дһʱĨȥһʱӰ񡣡
ɫ֮д𣿡
Ǻɫ񳲴֪
ħ֮ʿʵۼǿߣʥʿвٴʥǿߡ
Щǿħ֮ϣħǱһյءʥʿǿ߹һ˽룬ҲΣա
ǶʮʥԼ˵ħǾһ޴ޱȵı⡣һãͿӵkǵĵ̡
ħʧ嶼Ŀʮʥϡ
ʮʥ嶼Ĳ£ǵkǵūӵԼ־ʮʥ֮ҲͬôԵ׳Ϊߣ治㲻ࡣ
ʮʥ֮ÿһʿʵۼĿֲڣӵֶΡͬĨȥʱⳤӵӰԿӡ
ǰɫ弶֮дһź̾Ϣ֮ɫϧһ
ħ֮ӵӴޱȵԴȫԳΪĵ֮һʥľǿߡھȻ˶ߣȻ嶼ź
һâŤ񳲾ֱӴԭʧ
һʧǿͬһӿƬ򣬷ѰһУҪħҳ
ħ꣬һ춯صıأʥҩֻҪõһЩǿ˵һĪĻԵ
޹һƬ֮УâһħȻ֣֮УŹ֮и
վ֮УһħǣһĨ֮ɫħǣһǳҵĵֶһ֡
ħħ֮סĹһޱȵ򣬿ԶӴޱ֮еĸ
ߴʿʵԼǿ֮УkյǿҲ󲿷ֹ
ʱݻ֮£ѾһԴḻޱȵʥءûߵַͺۼ֮⣬ħ˿ѷɫκһӵʿʵۼǿ߾סǳ
ͻƣʥʿˣ
΢΢һ΢΢һΣӴ˵ʧ
ʿ硣
սħռݵ֦մ½֮УѾһС
ֻսħ֮ʿܹһʱ޿̲֦մ½֮
֦մ½֮ʥǱԼܵռݣû顣Ϊһ֦մ½ֶͨλõսƷҲĶ
Ըսħڵǽ֦մ½֮ѾǶ͡
ʥ룬ԻʹʥĻƽڣ˫ۣС
ǳʥ֮籾ԴĻƽˮԴԴϵӿڡ
һɺޱȵʥȻǻƽֱ֮Ӵ֦մ½Ķûա
Բ֮ڣеԪħԼͬǣһ㣬߻۶
˽ʥʿ
˭˭ʥʿ
սħռݵġ½սħֻһˣܹʥʿ
ѵʥʿ
ѵǸ˽ʥʿ

֮λǿ߶Ӧһ춯أɫ䣬һĿ߿ȥ
ʥʿÿһǾ춯ؼĿֲǿߣһ˾ͿԳΪһػһһԾǨΪһϵ壬衣
Ѫλ֮еѪѪǴʱ壬kһʷ֮Ҳֻ˲ʮʥʿ档ʥʿǿߵĵ֮ѣɼһߡ
ʿ֮Уκһʥʿһ£֮䣬һǿߵ
ǳʳ֮УǳŮ֮أ֮Ų֮ɫʧеǸѵ棿Ÿոսװʥãôôͽ׳ΪʥʿôԴ
۳˲֮İʥǿ߽ʥʿԶʿҪɵöࡣͬ־ʿʵ֮λҪΪߵĿֲڣҪ׳ΪʥʿҪĵԴҲֲˡ
ǳ֮ҲһĨâܹ֮ܣľ콾ˣõȻԶˡ
һ֮ڣһսħ̫ϳǻһá
ʥʿսħҲҪһʥʿˣһʥʿҵͽܣҵͽܣ
һӸǻƽ֮Ŀֲʥ㵸Цúϲ£͡
ʥʿǿһػ񣬿Աӻһ塣սħڵĿߵҲûн磬澹ȻΪʥʿֱ졣
սħ̫ϳǿǵĻһǼĽ
Щһӣ㻹Ǽһͽܣ
һӳЦãһ۾Ϳǰ;һ֮ġΪ״ӡǶȲҡ
սħڼ̫ϳ϶˻һһۣԸ
ʯѩ졣һֻΪʯѩԵŽǽѾΪҫʱ
ǡմ½֮ڣһĺ԰֮УһɫŮͻŮжˣÿһףӵвͬʡ
ʥʿߵһ𣿡
ЩɫŮǸӦһϤޱȵĿֲϢһ֮һĨ֮ɫǸȥ˷𶯡
ɻʳ֮ڡ
֮ң֮ҫǿµļһصˣȻ졣Ȼô̵ʱ֮ڣͽ׳Ϊʥʿ̫ˡ
ʥʿûô׽ס֮ʿʳҪʥʿͬʮѣΣա
ǽ֮һ뵽μ֮ʱ滹ֻһ溣ʿʱ䣬ѾԽ˵kΪʥʿȻͬΪѣkȻʮָӣһЩʡ
棬ʥʿһµĵˣʱ֮ӡûǣʱʿʵֻ¾ˣ
ػʳ֮ڣ֮һŻ֮ϣҫޱȵĳ⣬ɢһ޵еĿֲƣ˫۸ֳӡԽ룬Զ
ʥʿ棬㻹ǽ˾
֮λһ䣬˿ԶޱȵĶ־
ʥʿ棬һᳬ㣡
ԪҲһƬ֮ڣ˫ȭգҧгݣ˫֮żᶨޱȵĹâ


1043 ʥʿ£
ǷԲԪ˷ӿһ̺ǳȻ֡
һǳâ΢΢һһ޴ޱȵĿռŻȻ֣޾Ťҡ
صʱⳤӴǿռŻ֮и֣ᴩȥڡδޱȵӰʱⳤ֮и֡
һʱⳤ֮УһһеĺڶȻ֣˷·Ҫͳͳɡ
Բ֮ڵԪħܶǿֲޱȵɺڶһա
һɺڶһݻγһž޴ޱȵĺɫǳûսħռݵ֦մ½֮ڣûڡ
һ˫ֻۣ۾·𻯳ֲޱȵĺڶǳΰ
һȱֲ׵ĲϢ֮лѹķ
ʥʿڽ׳Ϊʥʿ̫ǿˡ
澲ǻƽ룬оԼѾٴɱ䣬˷츲صĽ
һͷȥܹпܹԵļ㡣һЩƵһСλ棬ȫԳΪ֪ܵΨһ
濴ǳ˱һĻƽ¶һ˿Ц⣺ƽҲܹסҵϣһ½
ǻƽһ֦մ½ħܵ࣬ˮӵǽǻƽȫɱ䣬Ϊʥʿ
һֻȼܻȸԶһ½䵽֦մ½ʥ֮⣬仯Ϊһһͷ췢׵ľɫˡ
ȸ仯ɵľɫ˹ΰʥɳʹȸ㡣ΰսħ鳤ˣ
һɫĺŴǻƽ֮ȸǰ
ȸ̤ǽɫţһһ±͵ǻƽԡ
ǻƽڵʥʲô£
ȸ㿴ڻƽ֮ڵ棬֮Ÿ֮ɫʥһεĵ鳤ѡ
ȸǴѪȸһӵ»ʿĿֲ֮󣬸ֱӵ溣꣬ĿǰΪҲֻʿڡճ꣬ѾΪʥʿ棬гĽͼʡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬˳֮У鳤ѡ
ߴ鳤ʿǿߣʥʿǿΡʥʿÿһ𶼸߸ϣһչز壬ͻļʮꡢϰ꣬ȻʺϹ¡
Ȼ鳤λüΪҪλȨءԲ֣ʥŻǰѯ־鳤ѡ
ʥʿ֮ԼһµĿֲͷӵ鳤һְȨ
澲ȨţѩšʯСԵkǵ츳ټһλõԴʥʿҲóᡣ
ѩšʯ֣ĳÿһʥʿ۹ĶǣȨȴͨ˶Ȳϡ
鳤һְҪһԲһУΪսħ档ͬʱӦ˵Ĵڡ
ʵ֮ǰ鳤һְҲְ֮ǰҲֻʸԾѫԼԻʹʥֵ֧鳤һְ
Դѹħ֮棬ͬʱʥʿ֮սħӵеѾΪֲ֮УʵʿʳѾӵĿֲ
ɣ
ȨһָһâҫһһͷڷɢһȻϢǵӣ
ӣһЦˣʲô£
΢΢һЦĵ鳤ûȤ
֧λ棬ߴ˼ֻӣټŮټһĿޣΪԶԶӣ֮ϡӣһģΪ˴磬ֶθ߳ҵֶҲ
˿ڶδ½ŮʿҲӵзḻޱȵĹ飬ֶҲǵ幹Ƕʿѡӣ
ӣ΢΢٣֮һųޱȵɣ·һƿҩһ㣬øӵˣЦ绨ȤԸΪ˷ǡ
ӣȨǿŮ˵ϵȨǵ֡
ͳ֧λĿֲʿţߴ鳤ֲʿŵ߲֮һȨʥʿҪһЩ
ӣһԼпܳΪߴ鳤֮һҲûԼ
ãǾˡ
΢΢һЦָһһŽɫҳֱӷȸС
ȸ㽫һŽɫ뺯ݸ棺ˣ֮ɽʥۻᣬ뺯¡
ӹһŽɫ뺯ϸһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣺ʥۻᣡ
߲ʥʿʥʿ߸ϣʿǿҪkһ涼ʮѡ
ʥۻʥʿ֮ľۻᣬ治֮ǰΪߴ鳤֮һҲûлʥۻ뺯
һ֮󣬲֮λ֪Ϊʥʿսħڽ˵ǰףء
ҡڵʿŶͶսħڣΪսħڵĸ
ɽǲ֮λ涫һʥɽζʿĻй羰ۼ׵ĳֲ
ǵǿ֮߳ɽͳΪʥĶȼйͨʿûеõ룬ʿǿҲ˵ء
һƴԶƮһһӽɽԲ֮ڣһ͸ĽȻ֣һУ޷ӽɽ
ɫսףɢʿֲϢǿȻգȵʥйֹ
ң
һ֮ϵˣһֳΣ档
ǿɫ΢΢һ䣬һ±ʮֹԭˣʮֱǸð֮ˡʾ뺯
ҲûΪǿߣָһһ뺯ֱӷɳųޱȵĹâһͨɽĵ·

ʿǿһ˵ߡ
̤·ߵɽɽ
ɽɽһռؼΪĹֲĳֲһĿŮǴѣæµĹšЩŮÿһӵ溣Ŀֲȴֻͨߡ
һ羰һƬ̺Χ䣬˵Ļ԰ڣʮŮÿһ·ͨһ㣬Ǳʥʿ
һ̷ĸߴٶһɰˬһЦ棬ˣǱ״ʥһʥߣӭĵ


1044 ʥ
΢΢һЦã״ʥ
״ʥһۣ̾˲档һͽΪʥʿЩ֮⣬ٶʷ֮Ͼһ
Ȼʱ䲻꣬ʵѾ֮λ˼ǧꡣ״ʥǴʥĿֲǿߣǸʱǿߣһ۾ͿʵѾмǧꡣ
ˣٶҲ졣Ҫ֪޾Ԩ֮УԨ󹫾ꡢʮ궼޷ͻƣ׳ΪԨħѧλ֮УһЩѪѪ֮˼궼޷ͻƣ׳ΪѪ档
ǫѷһЦҶѡ
״ʥ΢΢һЦʿÿһΪʥʿǿ߶ǿҵ
ʥʿһײѾʥ궼˷츲صı仯Ϊһ̺ŲĿֲ塣ʿʵۼǿߵĺһʺ磬Զڣ֮󣬾ħǿߡɵkҪʥʿҲʮѡ
״ʥʮʥʿߣΪʮʥʿ
ʮʥʿÿһʷ֮һʱ޵еľ콾
伮֮жŵkǵ֣ڵkȴʱգ濴ʷ֮гֵΰˣ΢΢һ
ʮʥʿսʥʿ֮еǿսҲػ
ЩʥʿĴڣаλ桢ѧλ桢ħλʮλϹﲻ׳
ʮλ֮УֲĴڣвʥʿǿߡһѪλоŴ档аλʥʿǿ߸ǱʥʿҪöࡣ
аλʥʿǿ໥֮Ҳìܣһ塣ΪԴЩаɱв֮໥ǣ֮£Ȼ忪ս
ĿʥƸʥջ԰ջʥ棬жŸޱȵĹâ
֮ǰʥʿлһһԻʹʥֵ֧鳤СʿڣѾʥʿƽƽĿֲڣõkг˸ӡ
ĿʥƸʥջ԰ջʥǿ⼸ʥʿľ콾kʮΪ˽ʥʿkǲ֪ķ˶Ѫսķʱ⣬һߣղŵǶ۷塣
Ϊ˽ʥʿʥʥջʥкüЩ䡣ֱһԾ͹ȥɽʥʿõkжΪ֮ʡ
ʮʥʿһãʳƷŸֶħơЩħһζܹһͨʿѧͽ̥ǣһԾΪʿȴֻЩʥʿǸоʮζ
ʮʥʿҲ˲ϵľ飬ͬʱҲһ˼ꡢʮϹŶϻ鱨
״ʥ棬ѾΪʥʿѡһʥѡʲôʥ
ÿһʥʿʥʿ֮󶼻ѡһʥԼǻ᲻ἰ
ʱ֮طԼʱⳤ֮նȥkͬʥʿǿ֮⣬ǿ߶Ѿ֪k
ΪǿߵӵԡһЩޱȵķͨԼѪҺȽ䣬˷˼Ĺ
Щǿ߲Ըһ˿˹㣬ϲԼأʥгƺ
ҵʥ죬ӽҾʥ
״ʥã
ڳʮʥʿǿʿţ֮ʥ֮ͻ䴫¡
һǣòޱȣɢһָ߹ʵİħʥ棬һĨ֮ɫʥдһ·Σ
ħʥǰ˴ʿʳˣڵڰʿʳػʳ֮һֻӵаѪʿľ콾
ڰʿʳػʳ֮ʮλ֮У֮Χ֮λ档
ħʥǸʱճɱǿУԾǨһٽΪʥʿǸʱΪҫ۳ɫľ콾
һĿڰħʥϳ˷ܡ
Щʥʿÿһһʱľ콾ϵȨƣʳŮȸָĶܶѾܹˡڶڵk˵ʥʿ֮ķд裬ܹkǡ
΢΢һЦã
״ʥĬģһָһɫķâûһ֮ڡ
һһ¸ֳӡһޱߣ֮еľ޴󾺼Ȼ֡
ʥʿǿߵսޱȣͶ֮䣬ܹѹأһ硣
֮λ治ϻָԽԽǿʿʵۼǿߵļսʥʿǿսȻ״ɽһһӵǧĳС
ΨЩ⾺֮ڣܹʥʿǿд衣
ħʥֱһâֱͶһľ֮ڡ
ʥСˣ
ħʥһȣֳӡһƬƬ̺ŲϢȻ֣˫ֳ˺ʥرצӣ󳤳һӡֲ׵ʨβ
һɿֲ׵İǰħʥ֮kǰһسɴ磬˲佫ʮľ뻯ޣǰһȭһֲޱȵİӰѹʮأȥ
ǲ֮λʥʿȸЩʥǿ̫ˡ
һĨ֮ɫת壬ݻγһſֲޱȵǳһǰӰȥ
¡
һ֮£ǰħʥӰֱӺ顣kҲһɣʮ
ջʥ֮һĨ𺧣ʥʵոսʥʿܹʥʿڵİħʥһɡ֮ȫѹڰʥ֮˲֮Ĺ졣
ʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾ʥ֮еĹǿ£
ʥʿҲһĨâ
ڳ˶һʱľ콾֮еš֮еĹûһʵڰ˼
ǰħʥʮʥʿ֮УҲߣƵĿֲǿߡǿ߾Ȼһɣ֮ǿֱ˷˼
ǿʥ̫ǿˣҸ˷ˣ
ħʥһĨޱȵĻ棬˷һЦ΢΢һΣɲ֮䣬ӰȻ֣ռ֮жǰħʥĲӰ
ٶȰ֮£ħʥһʥʿΪ֮̾Ŀֲٶȣ˷ȥ
¡¡
һ춯صĿֲ֮Ǿ֮дǾ֮ڣǳ䡢ɽӱ顢ؿѡ籩ϯ·ĩһ㡣ֲޱȵһдݻ٣·Ҫ˺ѿ


1045 ʯѩʥ
һ˲䣬Ǿ֮ھͱǧξ춯صľ졣
ǰħʥ·Ϊһ޵еħ£ÿһι̺һͿԻһ硣
һſγɵǳϸ֣ǰħʥйͳͳ÷顣
â΢΢һǰħʥֿվĶ档
΢΢һЦħʥǵд費ʹΪֹƽΣ
ħʥһЦ棬㲻ǫ顣һд裬ѷȻûжյƣҲһɰ塢ʱ塢ռ嶼ûжãȷʵǿöࡣಫܹ㣬Ȼ䡣
ħʥһɱǿߣȻжôĿֲȻǿkƴҲֻܹش棬ͬھİնûС
΢Цˡ
д跨֮ǰħʥ׽ż潻
ħʥʵ棬ʲôʱǰ֮·
֮λÿһ춼ڸգ౦ط׷
Щ඼ʿǿ߲о޴ôıءЩأʥʿۡǴʥǿߵĶʥʿǿߵı⣬Żʥʿǰᱦ
ЩʥʿıؼΪϡ٣Ҳ֪ʲôʱŻһ
ֻ֮·Уӵǿ飬ӵ޾ܡ˵֮УʱʿǶǰ֮·ණ
֮·ϣӵǽиʵ֮󣬲дĿֲ塣ٿֲʥʿǴʥǿߡ
˴ʿʵ۶ǰ֮·һ·ɱ׷ѰߵĽŲղŽΪʿʵۡ
ʵ֮·ڻûеʱɣ
֮·ӵн׳ΪߵľܣʥʿǿڲԵʱ룬ҲԾһ򲻿һ֮ͨ·֮ص֮ţֻܹ֮·Χðա
ħʥ΢Цˣûʲô⣬һ֮֮·ᱻֱӿʱ֮·໥֮ҪӦ
Ȼ
ӰħʥԼʥĿУֵõ֮·šЩħ֮иûСֻа˴ʿʳԼЩмΪƾõŻӵмأЩ֪ʶ
ʮʥʿ໥˾޴ޱȵĺôһ죬涼Щʥʿ̸Ʒʳ顣
˽ʥʿˣ
ÿֲԪز˽ʥʿ

ЩʥʿǺȻоһֲޱȵɫ΢΢һ䣬Ǹȥ
ħʥһĨŹ֮ɫʵʥսħҪһʥʿˡk˭
ڳʮʥʿĿһ¼ϳ˺档
ĿԶֻսħڵλ֮УԲԪħͳͳ۶γһž޴ޱȵʯͷޱȵĹâѹء
ʯһȻ֪ͨҡ濴֮һ貹â·ѹصʯЦһµλһ
ûκԥһ̤ԽԶȥ
ħʥֱӴʥҪ
һʥʿضǿĴ죬ǰɱ浱ǱʥʿٶȿþˡЩ֮жûзӦֱӽʥʿǱڵĵ˶ʮΡ
ʯʥʿԻĲпܻǿ߹ɱ
洫лĺ⡣óᣬúɱһЩˡ֪սħڵҪǹȥkǾԲ
սħڱڵ֦մ½Ͽգһͷϳ˫ɲ̬ͷһͷ֫ͬצһЫβʥʿаȻ֡
һͷͷϳһֻǣһͷ׷ò׵ӰȻվ֮УնΪ֮ŤkҲһʥʿа
һͷۣӡɢſֲϢĶħʥҲ֮С
һϱһڹǣһһβͣͷϳһɫħ­ĹҲȻ֡
ͷЫβаһĨ֮ɫȵҪʥʿԲУҲͰˡ壬ܹٵڶʥʿɱ
ǰ׷аһץһſǳֱ˵kУͬһǸմ½֮кȥ
ÿһǳ׹䶼൱һʥʿǿȫһ
սħ֦մ½֮ϣһеȻҫһ½ķȻ֡
¡¡
һſǳ׹Ǹ֮ϣǷֺòϲֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
ʥʿĿֲаҲժǳսħ֦մ½֮ںȥ
֦մ½ڲɱħ֮ľסĴħʥȻҽСkҪľǸƬصԪħܣ֮޷ۣսħڽʥʿǿ߹һ⵽ɶ
·ͱһ㣬֦մ½֮һ·ɳһֻ飬ɱ֮عҫеţĴʥʿϯȥ
һȺϰˣȥ
һͷħʥһŭ𣬻ӡҫһݻγһͷ峤ʮ׵Ŀֲħֳֵǹꪡﵡ·ȥ
̺Ŀֲһعҫе֮ϡ
عҫе֮ŵعһһֻعҫŷ·γһ壬еعҫ嶼ͷų˷֣Ϊһ塣
¡
Ƕħʥȫһعҫе֮ϣһ˲һعҫֱըѿֱ롣ټعҫһͳͳ飬Ķѡ
ǸعҫȴͻǶħʥĹһ³嵽ǶħʥǰӵնǶħʥĻ֮ϡ
ǿֲޱȵعҫſɱʿǿߣĴʥʿа֣춯أһƬƬ飬һ⣬ƬعҫֱӺ顣
ЩϣȻսħڡȻˣǾ͸ȥ
һԵ֮и֣֮һ̤ɱ纣תʱ塿ʱһ¼ٱ˲һ㣬ͷЫβаǰһȭݻǳؿռŻʱⳤӣݻγһֲ׵ĺڶһͷЫβаϡ
һɲ֮䣬ͷЫβа˲ķѣֲѪ⻯һƬѪͬkһֱӱɺڶֱգѪ⾫ͳͳɡ
ǿ
ÿµĹ棬Ȼôֲˣ
⣬⣬͵ϮҲ̫ˣǿʥʿа񣡣

ַͨߵǿǼһĻһ


1046 նʥ
ħʥͨ߷һеһײУһȫսǿֲһСˡ
ħʥҲһݺأɱĺˡǿҲһɱһʥʿڵǿߡһս֮ʤԷӡ澹Ȼһɱһʥʿڵǿߣֱ졣
սѾʥʿ۷Щ
ɷʱ塢ռ壬ǿ¡ΪУʥΪлҪΣգвͻᱻֱɱ궼޷ѡ

ЩַͨΧ۴˵صǿ֮ɫ
ʥʿǿߣÿһܹΪһػսֲףͬʱҲǿÿ£Աͬǿ߻ɱ
ʥǿߣһʥʿףҪɱԷȴʮѡ
ܹһɱЫħʥΪɷʱ塢ռ壬һȭȥɷǣ֮£˵ͳͳնиĺͳͳݻ١
棬̫ˣκһʥǿ߶ĲƸ㾹ȻɱЫħʥɥĲ񼫣
Ƕħʥ˫۳죬ͷųħ⣬Ӷʥرȥ
׷аͷϹһ¸ֳصӡһȻڵkΧһĳڵkС
ǰ׷а΢΢һΣӶ湥ɱȥ֮һ±ۻʴ֮ħ֡
һͷž޴ڹǣһβͣаĿ䣬ͬβһͷſһ磬һֲޱȵĶϯȥ
˫ӡҫһһУѹһеĿֲڶȻ֡
޾׹⡢ȸֹǿֲޱȵĺڶֱɣ޷˺ֺ
̤ʱⳤӣɲ֮ǶħʥǰץסǶħʥ壬һ˺
Ƕħʥһ˲ͱֱ˺ѳ룬ȻһѪ汳ɺڶֱɡ
ž
Ƕħʥɵһ˲䣬һ˲ʧֻһħǳɺڶ֮ڣɺڶɡ
üͷ΢΢һر
ʿ֮Уӵرͷɷնһ֮䣬ͬо䣬İʥʿɷҲ޷նkǡ
һħǱɵһ˲䣬ħʥѾڰ֮⣬kûκԥһаλȥ
ǰ׷аֱ˺һžᣬǾ֮УųޱȵĹâһâһ׷а˺Ѳ񷣬ӣ˲ԭʧ
һͷаһ³һ΢΢һģղԶȥ
ӣô򵥣սħڿɲ߾ߵĵط
һЦָһţתռ壬һ´֮С
һֻ̺ؿռŻĿֲִ֮н٣һͷаһץһ½аһռŻ֮ڡ
ǰ΢΢һŤһͷаȻ֡
һͷаһ𺧣Щôܣ棬㲻ոսʥʿôôǿ
̫ˣ
Ŀ䣬ݻǳһ̺ſֲޱȵаȥ
һͷаһ½ͷ­֫˹֮ڣǷաǶųޱȵӡ貾ס
¡
һ֮£ᴩаĻڹ֮ϣһ춯صľ졣
аĹһһ±ǧûһȿռŻٴγǰ
¡¡¡
ת壬һʮĴΣĺаĹ֮ϣȴ޷˺аĹǡ
аûõģ棬еۼĹرԲҡߣ飬ҿԵûз
޴磬ûɱĴڣ
һЦɺڶȻ֣һ½аһ£ɰתа
аطԼˣkȻޱȵķԼһ˿˿ıɣûڡ
棬˴ˣа񣡡
һֲޱȵ֮дһֻգɢ޾ħʥĿֲִݺץȥ
кһһ¸ֳһʱʥȻ֣ޱȵĹ˺Ѳ񷣬һ֮һֲֻĴ֮ϣǴʥǿ߷ݻг̵ֱӺ顣
΢΢һΣһصսħ֦մ½֮ڣĿյκ˸սħҰҪۡб£ͽһһսѹ㣡
սħ֦մ½ϳ֮ء֦մ½Ļƽǿ۳֮İʥǿֱӽ׳Ϊʥʿϳ֮УķԴֲޱȵսʥǿ߽룬Ҳᱻɱ
ÿСӣ
һ˫ǳһ޴֮и֣Ŀһۣʧ
֮λʿĵ̡ʿʳʥʿֶõۼرʥǿ߶ܹѹ
ĴаǰʯѩףҪսħϳȴɱһѹһǴʥаҲֻܹʧҪѹ˾ǵkˡ
ļһ
ʥ棬ȻԺʥȻǿ˾
ʥȻһʱľ콾֮ת֮пǽҡ
һģնɱһˡѹһˣֱ졣ô̵ʱ֮ڣ̫ˡ

ЩʩչַߵĸǿǼһĻж΢΢һ
ĴаȻʥʿڵǿߣɶʥʿĿֲڡܹΪʥʿĴڣÿһ֮еţ콾֮еľ콾ûߡ֣ʥʿ۷ǿҲδǵkǵĶ֡
֣һģӲɱһѹһʥʿаսֱ졣
һָһźȻ֮С˾Ǻ֮ϣķһ伮ͷһɺڶԴԴϵа
ס֣棬ס֡ҪҵԸͶԸ⳼һ·ɣ
ɺڶ֮Уһ´аֵ֮
䵭κһǻΪʥʿǿ֮ʶԾǨѾûмֶοԿơҲ㣬Ϊ󻼣㻹ȥɡ
ʥʿǿÿһʥ㿪Լ꣬Ҳֻʿʵۼǿ߶õۼطܹڵkǵ֮дӡƿضԷˡûֶβаǿߵȻõkţº󻼡


1047 
аϵİررҡʿرʵѵ첻һҵر𣿡
˳֮Уر𣿡
ʿرʿǿѪʿʿҪа񡢾ȳ￹⣬·硣
ʿǿһǿޱȡӵֳ֮رѹأǿС
ǿߴʿʵÿһƳԼ·ĵۼر֮󣬲޵£նɱͬǿߡ
ʿһЩ֮еʿʵۼǿҲӵеۼرkǵĵۼرֻǲ㣬Լĵ·ϡŻߴʿʵ۵С
ʿ֮Уӵඥرǰ˴ʿʳԲʥʿǿߵĿֲرЩԲʥʿǿߵرʮϡ١ޱȣһûС
ɨаһ΢΢һħӡϧˡԼӡվȲħӡ޷ʥʿǿߡҿԴĿƼһر
ʥʿǿÿһɱһɱɵĿֲڡʿʵۻ߼ǿߣһʥʿЧ
治֮ǰѹȸȫԸΪЧֱӱֱɡûйаħʥ֮Ҳ࣬С
ֿҷӡ򣬾ȥ
һָӡӡɺڶ֮ڵаֱӵȥ
аɫ䣬ֱӷֿƾһָԼϡ
ӡӡͬƹ֮һаӿаֱӷӡ
һâ΢΢һаɺڶ֮зɳǰ¶һ˿ֺõЦݣˣ
ɨаһۣһЦԵҵĶƣ
а񹥻ʥʿ֮ŲϺţȴΪֲkһ֮УǿҲ޷ʱںkķֻܹɰɵk
аɫһڣȴȻһЦܹĶƣҵҡ
֮һʯâ貣ԪԼħܣûǻƽʯڡ
һɿֲޱȵʥʯϯķ
ɹˣսħһʥʿ
ʱĵڶʥʿ
սħѾʵΪߴʿţʳ⣡

Щ˷߿ӵǿһһĨĨޱȵĹâսħһʥʿζսħڿڶǿ󣬵̸ӿֲѹж
һâ΢΢һǴһɫȹ׵ʯЦĳǰ硣
һʥʿôңҺûػ㣡
ʯǰһһ첲ظĸ첲ϣ磬ԲҸѩ˼䡣ȻͱͻơԲ´βˡ
һʯһͷˡ´βҪҲϻΣգ
ʯ§š磬ܹػңҺܸˡ
ʱأԪħٴαȡһգ۵սħϷڹ
ǣʥʿ
ôܣʥʿôܣôʥʿôô׵
ʥʿһػһܹһʥʿѾʮ졣һ겻͵ʥʿôܣ
ôʥʿôôʥʿ

Щַͨ߷һеǿһһĿɿڴһš
ʥʿǿ߼궼Եһʿʳܹ֮˶ʥʿػʷ֮лġ
ʿʳʥʿ඼Ǵӳ֮ѣһʱѰҽ״ʥʿʵ۵ĻԵ
ʿʳһڽʥʿǿһûС
սħ𲻵꣬һµʥʿֿ졣
âսħϷ֣γһ޴ޱȵʹ֮ʣʹ֮ߣʥƣ⻪硣
ʹȻ֣ݵʹ֮ʵǰͬһϵĴڡ
һ޾ԣʹɽ֮ϣһɢſֲԵ֮񻺻˫ۣһԵһʹȥ
ʹų֮ͷĻ㱨ϵʹ֮Ѿ
֮˫֮ҫʹ֮Ѿսħڵõ˵kϧ
һ񣬳ȻϢ֮ڡ
Щɫʹ׷׹ڵϣѩڵķ򳯰ݡ
һǺ֮ڡ
ʹڵϣѩڵķ򳯰ݡ
ãã֮Уһ֮еʹѩڵķ򳯰ݣףkǵĻʵ
ʥʹŮʵˣ
ִ˵֮УܵʥʹŮʵˣ
ôĹﵮ
ʱ̫ˣ
һʹŮǸεֵ

е鶼𺧣һĨ֮ɫ
ʹս֮֮Լ۱ߡǿս󲿷鶼ʹʹΪ֮ŵս޶ȵԼͽꡣ
ʹʥʹŮʣôսٻᱻϡһսܣЩʹֻ»꣬ʹŮʵӪ
ħʥһĨâʹŮʣȻôǿ߶ܹһµļһ
Īɽ֮ϵʥҲսħڵķŸޱȵĹâ
ʹŮ֣ĳ궼δܹһһʿʵۼǿ߲kǾܹͬǿߣͬ޵УսΪۼĿֲڣ޵С
սħڣ̫ˣ
սħڣѾˡ

طսħڳĿֲǿǿǿֲʹӰ컺һ̾
սħǹռ֦մ½֮һЩ֦մ½ǿ߻϶ὫĿսħϡ̽׳Ϊʥʿ֮ЩǿǶѾսħڿʿʳһֲӴĶ㣬Ȼ
֮УʹŮʵӰâ΢΢һһû·עѩŵڡ
һӴޱȵĲʥ֦մ½֮ϯķ
׳ɹˣ
ֶһʥǿߣ
ʥʹŮʣսħֶһֲǿߡ

ЩַͨһеǿǶøޱȵһĻ˼ǧ


1048 
ǿֲޱȵʥһѩ΢΢һΣһĨһ·ɵߡ
ѩŵϣǵĴʿʹԼ溣Ůսʹ
ǰ溣Ůսʹλ֮еĳʹǰʹֻҫʿĳʹѩʹ˵㻯ʹŮ츳ܣҺķ˴Դ֮ǰʹѸٵĽɱ䣬溣ĳʹΪѩŵӡ
ѩŴһĨһĻУסһ첲ʯʾһƽ磬ҽʥˡ
ʯ΢΢һ¶һƵЦݣұ졣н㡣
ѩһ¹磬ʯ۸ҡ
ͷѩѩ׵Ķͷ֮һǣ佱ɵƯѩţ
ѩһ¶һҸЦݡ
ŮǻصսħڱΪǾһʢޱȵĻᡣ
ʯѩŽʥʿ𶯡
ĿֲʿҲֻӵһʥʿǿߣսħھȻһ½ʥʿֱ졣
ǿʿŶϸޱȵǰʾá֮еԱҲֱӵսħڣΪսħڵѡ
Ǹ˾޴ĶսħĸֶսˡޱȵԴ׷ӿսħ֮ڡ
ЩʿҲ׷׽սħڵǵĵһĿ꣬˷սħڣΪսħڵһԱ
սħһʥʿǿߣ֮еλսħڼûֹͣɳսǹǿɱһһķأϵš
֮λ棬˶Ϊ֮룬֮λһеʥ֮ڡ
ʥ֮ڣһӴޱȵʵУڷħ֮лõĸսƷ
һħ֮ʬվԭأɢһɺޱߵĿֲϢ·նΪ֮ѹ̮
һħ֮ʬɵkյkĵ·ߣһǧ꣬ҾͿԽΪʥǿߣһҵĵ·ҲᱻƣԴϧ
濴һħ֮ʬһĨϧ֮ɫ
ħ̫֮Եֲκһյkᱻֱͬߵkĵ·ֻһЩ֡߿ɵkʴ治ڴС
ȸԶǿʨѾԽǱȫľĴڣħ֮ʬԥǱÿһߵһĿľǿ˵Ȼħ֮ʬ
һĨ֮ɫȻ޷ɣôõkĦʯһҵĵۼرˣ
Ħʯֱ֮Ϊʯһ۵Ľᾧĵ·໥ϣ໥
Уһ㣡ҪĿƼᾧֻ˼ĿƼᾧҲпܴһӵнǱľ
ܿǿԼ侲ûг嶯ĽĦʯħ֮ʬƵۼر
رȫ֮Ѿӵֲ˼ĿֲӵжĲϣֱӴۼر
Ħʯħ֮ʬĵۼرϣȫԴһۼر
ָһһâҫǳѺ۵ĵۼرħӡۼرꪡǰ
ħӡʿ棡ΪˡֻҪΪҾͻᶯԴ޸㡣
ĬģһޱȵĲȻǡħӡ֮ϡ
ǡħӡۼر롾ն񵶡ʱ֮顿ۼرͬ黹ûûлáħӡϿɣκ˶޷߶
ۼرҲΪŵȣΪǿֲĵۼرȻӵĵۼرǡħӡһӵĵۼر
ĹͨǡħӡһĬ·һƾɵĹӣûһ˿ɱʥʿĿֲܣҲԲὫõĹӿ
ħӡǲԸΪЧҾͻ㣬޲ꪡ
ǡꪡ֮һ´һԹԹޣŲ𣺡棬˵kԸΪЧƻҵڡħӡ֮ϡ
ɨǡħӡһۣǡħӡûκηӦϵãꪡֻҪҶԼҾͻˡħӡõk޲㣡
ǧ֣һ֡
ǡħӡӵޱȵǿǵkԸΪЧҲõkûκΰ취
ǡꪡҲͬһӵĵۼرȻȡħӡѷһֻҪ޸ϣͬһױ
ɫӡǡꪡ֮зɳγһöƴСġꪡӰ
ָһһѪûǡꪡӰ֮ڡ
ӡâҫһĲסꪡӰֱû롾ꪡ֮ڡ
ʱǡꪡһѪĸо
ȥ
һķӡȻ֡
ʮѾʿķӡͳ֮£貵ķӡ֮һ´ڡħӡ֮ϣݻγӡǡħӡ˷ɢȥ

ǡħӡ΢΢һ𣬿ֲޱȵӲ˷ȥ
Ӳĳ֮£ӡ֮޷ħӡ塣
ǿֲޱȵӲŻޱȵһײһ͸ĳϽǽ֮ϣֱա
ĿĮûõġħӡѾƣûʹôֵܵˡ
ǡħӡ֮ϣһ¸ֳصӡһ˿˿ĵȻһӲ΢΢һռֱӱ˺ѿ
ǿռոձ˺ѣһָռӿǱ˺ѵĿռֱϡ
һӡ֮һ´ǡħӡ֮ϡ
ǡħӡһӲ֣Ƿӡֱ֮顣
Ƿ֮Уһ֮ǡħӡڱӡ֮壬һӡ
ɣ
ֳ֡ꪡһ˿˿ֲĵȻһɫĹâո֣·һſɫ̫ݺһǡħӡ֮ϡ

һ춯صľ֮УǱ˺۵ġħӡһķѣ飬·ɽȻֱӲ׽
ס֣档ԸΪЧֻҪˡꪡҾΪЧΪΪѹһеˣ
ǡħӡһɲǣһǡħӡ֮дǡħӡҲû뵽澹Ȼ׺ݣȻҪһۼرٵȫһۼرҪ֪kǱȡꪡҪһ
ˣѾӦꪡҪն㡣ԣȥɣ
˿ΪӶꪡݺݵһնǡħӡ֮ϣһ㽫ûʹġħӡն顣
һŹâǡħӡӳǡꪡֱһ̣Źâ֮ϣǡħӡɱȫɣԼ


1049 
ǡꪡÿһöħӡƬϢǿһ֣֮ϵѺҲѸٵ޸
ȥһõط
һУǡꪡֱץ𣬻һ⴩ԽһԾսħ֦մ½ƽϷһǡꪡ㻯һû˻ƽ֮ڡ
лܹоֻҪֻҪʱ䣬Ҿܹȫָұñȹȥǿ
ǡꪡ֮дһϲޱȵĲ
ǵۼرҪ޸ΪѣҲֻС֦մ½ȼطܹõۼرָ
ú
汾һ仰ֱӿԽһԾŴԭʧ
棬һƫƧһ֮ڡ
һϢĹâ΢΢һûĻ֮ڡ
һʿĿֲļӵϻ֮бֱ
ʲôÿֲ
ͻˣǺǼ
ȻͻƣΪǼǿߣʲôˣ

һƫƧ֮ϵǿһӦʿɫ䣬һ߸
ս֮УʿǿҲֻܹǸߵڻңʥʿǿߵս֮УһڹƫƧ֮УʿǿҲԳưһռһԴƶƫƧ
һƿҵĴţͿ˿һϲվ⡣
˿Щʵɹˣ
ûѾΪǼǿߣ
汾ʥʿĿֲǿߣһȴʥֻܹҪԴ㣬һʿֱ׾١
ǵ̫ףѸٵĽ׳Ϊ溣ǿߡ
ʵˣǸŮˣ˿ʲôΪ
˿ɬһЦһοʱѾӵ򼶣溣ʿΪ
˿ĸǿޱȣ츳ҲԶԶڿ˿֮ϣҲȻ顣
׿ǵľ
һɰ벽ʿ۷ĿֲϢ⴫
浭
һ޳òӢӻĲ˷֮ڡ
ӿ˿˿һۣһĨޣ΢΢һЦǴľУλʲô
żеưȻǼӵϣҵӣ˿
ʮʥ֮һ£ӵпֲޱȵ֧塣kȻʮֽ
ľ΢΢һӹԭǼ幫ºˡǴݹ٣׿ǵҫһᣬúд
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Ӧһ˿һͬŴľǰ׿ǵĻʹ֮ڡ
ľһ乬֮оٰһʢޱȵĻӭᣬһ˵ĿŮǹ֮д˶ֻۣҪǸ˼׾ܹժЩˡ
ľиߣָЩޱȵŮǣ΢΢һЦӵϴˣǶ׿ǵĹŮѪͳ߹ˡϲһֻҪ˵һͻֵĵط
ڼĸ߲˵漸Ů˸ͲʲôЩĹԼ졣ȻǼĹ󲿷Ҳ˽ã˿ôĹֻȼ
ȻһЦ§ס˿˿ˣп˿ˡ
˿ǰķĻѪŮż֮ѪԼķѪòۣǰʮŮ
ǻʹ֮УŮǿ˿ȣȻʧɫ·к컨Ҷһۡ
˿ҲһЦͬٻţ޹Ⱥ绪
ȷʵ·绪ǡˣˡҾһ
ľĿ˿˿һۣ̾һ䣬ùһߵݹƣݸ˿
ǿħЫſ²ݵľ綾򼶵ǿ߶ܹľ𣿡
ֽ˿еĶ˹ɨ˴ľһۣһ㺮˪ɱ
ľɫһһֱº͵ļ汻ȫ˺£ɱӵϣ˿µ־㲻Ҫһ嶼Ϊ𣡡
ľһ¸ֳһȨȣصӡǰɫȨ֮и֡
ǻʹ֮УһطӡҫľеİȨȹһɿֲޱȵϢǻʹ֮ڶ
ӵϣҵĻʹ֮ڣǼǿ߶ᱻѹ㡭
ֱ̤һһ¸һɫĻеУһȭգŴľֱӺȥ
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һȫǴľһ־Ŀ֮Уһȭ˵k֮ϣľһȭ飬ֱɱȻ赭дĽǰȨץС
ˣ
Ȼɱˣ
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ֻϣȥ
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߰ɣȥǵı⿴һ¡ƫƧȻʲôöһҲ޷
һָɫĻͬʬֱӷеһɫ棬Ȼǣ˿֣ºһЦ
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ǻʹ֮е׿ǿŮҲ׷ɢ
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ǻʹ֮о޴ıը֮ڶһ·ǻʹ֮езͳͳ飬Щס·׿ħǿҲͬһ㱻ɱ
ûãһ޴ıǰ
ʲôˡ
һͷ峤ߴǧףӵа벽ʿĿֲ߻δ䣬ͱһȭϣըѿѪɢϡ
¡
ԵޱȵһȭǱ֮ϣǱĴֱӺ飬˱֮ڡ
ɨǱһۣ΢΢ҡͷûʲôö
Ǳ֮УԴԼĵرѻɽ󲿷ֶֻҫǿõı
⼸
ǱϾ׿ĻۣǱ֮вٱʿ溣ʿкôЩȻ汾ڻ˵ȴǼΪá
Դħ𣬾Ȼܹıһˡ
Ȼ۾һһУһȭͷСȴǳħС
Դħ߼һϡϽʿ缸Ѿ㷢ȫѰҲûҵȴû뵽ȻƫƧޱȵ֮ҵޱȵı


1050 ֮
ͬһֲħһ㣬׿ǵǿ壬Ľ׿ǵĴ֮б⹥ƣޱȵԴͳͳӶᣬȻŴſ˿뿪׿ǡ
˿ĸӰͻһƫƧޱȵ򣬽֮ǿļӶһ˾޴ޱȵԴ
˺棬·򶼵õ鱨ҲҶ¶֣ǹĽͳ
һ·֮ϣҲǵǰ׷ɱˡ
ЩǵȫɱͬʱʩչطЩǵĿе֪˵kǵϳڣֱɱЩǵϳ֮ڴɱ䡣
ʮǵűһȫߣǵĲƸС
Ƭ֮УӵϵеǵŶΪ֮𺧡ǵһţ־塣
ƬƫƧ֮һ뼲Χڿ˿ָ֮£ǰ˿ĸĵطһ涴֮нԾص˼ĸǼ֮ǡ
ĸڷΪƶƽʹлʹռΪ޴һʹռ˼֮֮һĵ
ǻʹ֮У;סʿʵۼǿ߼֮ԼkֱϵӡŮʥʿԼkǵļҾ졣
ǻǱ鲼һЩΪӡӵд֮Ѫ̳ȨǿǶ;ס
һ𼲸ʿǿǾס֮ءǹЩΪļǿ߾ס
Ե֮һֻһׯ԰СԵЩƵĹ
һͨ˵ѾΪ޴󣬿ǻڶռؼĺ˵ԵСª˼㡣󲿷ֹׯ԰ԶԶһƵĹ֮ϡ
ҺסļҡȻûˣֻˡȴϲĵط
˿ǣ֣վǹ֮ǰ֮һĨͻ䣬һ̾
ɨǹһۣһ۾Ϳ˿׵Уֻ¸㲻ʲô
˿С֣ʮӽˡʲô꣬Ƕһ·ͬУ
˿ӵаķѪˮͬһƣ˰ٳᡣ汾̲ס֣ĵһΣҾѻ𣬱ദ
˿ĿԼһۣˮӦһţ
ʲôˣɭ༪о˸ۡﲻЩĵط
ӵǿʿΪ˴Ǵ֮߳һһ棬ʱһĺǳ
һһ˿ʱ˫۷ֱ¶һ˿̰֮ɫֺС椳òС椣㣬Թˣ
ֻϣȻҸ˵ȥ
˫۸ֳޱȵӡ˿һۣ
һɲ֮䣬һŤžһֱըѿȻһŻ֣ճɻҡ
ɱ֮ǣſ˿С֣̤ǹ֮ڡ
ɭ༪оʲôˣҵĸ֮ۡɱˣɣˣɱǣ
һżеḶ́оµӴӸ֮ۡ߳Ŀһۣɱӿ
šɫĿֲǿߴӺ󷽷ɳ湥
ļܡɫսɢһɹѪϢȻɱĶǿߡ֣벽溣ǿ߶ܹΧɱ
һȺϣͳͳȥ
һһһɫĻ֮ڣȻ𣬻Ӷȭգͷɫȥ
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춯صľ֮УļܡɫļʻһըѿƼʻԱһȭ顣
ɭ༪оɫ䣬˼ؽеôĹȻɱˣ
ȥ
Ŀ䣬ɱӿɭ༪оͬڿһˡ
ס֣
ʱ֮УһŭĽ֮һɹǿޱȵϢԶ
һеȻԶһµɭ༪оǰγһϣػɭ༪о
˿ûͣһȭһ֮ϣɫĹâ飬Ǹһȭ飬ǿֲޱȵȭͷ˳ƺɭ༪о֮ϣһɭ༪о顣
һŻǹ֮и֣Щʬͳͳա
Щɭ༪оǼһĻһѡ
˿ãһص֮ǣʹɱ䣬¾ҼĹ壬Ҽֵ۹ɷ£־ܣǰȺ䡣
һһͷɫ˾һɫķ𱬣òΪһֻչߴ׵Ļеϡ
˵վʮӢޱȵӣʮӢÿһɢ溣Ŀֲ
˿֮һųޱȵĹâԵ˿㣬Ҽɷδõ˵̤˵ĸۡߡԵֱɱǸ״˴ĸŮľĿǰ˻ҡԴҵĸۡǵˣԱֱɱУҵĸۡҲӭ㣬뿪
Ǽ֮Ǽֱ֮Ͻأӽ£ɷɭϡҲо˼ֵ۹ɷ֮󣬲Ÿ˷ֱӽɭ༪оԼĲȫɱ
˿һ˵飬ĵ˿ãɱʵ̫ˡΥɷСʹҲˣαҪɱǣǶǵ۹ľӢÿһ۹Ԫͻʧһ֡˶һɱ¾ˣǼֵ۹ôܳΪʮʥ֮һ
˿Цص˿㣬Ҽֵ۹ԳΪʮʥ֮һΪɷɭϡ˶ɷ£Ҽֵ۹ɲ⼲ֵ۹ɷΰʥ漲֮ⶨɷѵʥɷȷ𣿡
˿кâһţʥʥΰȻκδ󡣡
Ǽ֮ʿʵۼĿֲǿߣ񡣵k־ڼ֮ڸû˸ҷֻ·һ
˿Ŀһɨ΢΢һЦ˿ãѡеˣʲô
˿һ±סһֱۣظĸ첲֮ϣһЦмӵϣҵķһðߡ
ðߣ
ԭһ¼ðߣֲҴûм

˿Щǿ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ǽ֮ڣһȻӵм֮ѪĻ塣ڶӵʥʿѪǿߡǹǿߡĵǾǿߡ˲ðߡ
˿ļǿÿһӵʥʿѪǿߣӵйѪǿߡҲǾһ·ɱῡ壬Ȼð߳ļӵϡ


1051 չ
˿žӸµƳһۣһĨһЦӵϣǼ䣬Ȼõˣôҵ׷дһ°ɣ
һЦ˿׷¶һƵЦݣд裿Ƕû˼ɣ˿㲻Ļ׷ҽô׷Ӧòܾɣ
ͨд裬˿׷ȫ֣ش֡вᱻ˿ץѱԼѹ档
֮ͬУʤ߲Ǵ𣬶ҿԽʧߵһռΪС
ȤȻҾͳȫ㣡˿£¼ð߾һὫ׼׸㣡
һһͷɫ̷žòӢ䲻ļǿߴ˿߳˿һһĨ֮ɫ΢Ц
˿ͬһޱȵŮʰһ˿˿õģ棬ս
˫֮иֳޱȵľƬɨһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ¼ðߣҾ͸һ
浭ȥִ󾺼
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ֵ۹ɷɭϣϽ˽Ǽ֮ϱֹȻ˽һڵػᱻλ̡
Ǽֵ۹֮Ϊ˽ЩѪյìܣڼ֮֮Ͻ󾺼ֻҪǴ󾺼֮ϣ˫ԼͿԽд裬߽
ִ󾺼
˿£
˿ºʮ׷ߣ
Ȼ˿ºʮ׷ߣ֪һһﵹùȻŭǡ
˭ǸŮ˺Ưֱ˿»Ҫ
ǿ˿ķĻѪ¼֣
ԭǰķĻѪ¼֣ĴȾΰļ֮Ѫ

˿Ǽ֮罻֮Ǽ֮ϲ֮У˲֪˲ҲǼִ󾺼֮ϵĳͣڳ˶ʶ
Ǽִ󾺼֮ϵĹԭҲΪ˿ò̾ǵ֪˿֮˱ǿ˿졣
ڼ˵ѪͳΪҪһ߹Ѫͳ嶼Ϊ֮ҫǻеͼѪͳˣǻᱻΪȾѪ¼֡
˿ǰķľŮӵǵľաȻгɫĹ׷ΪӵаķѪΪ¼֡
ֻҪŪ˿壬ʮִеĿ˿ŻһֱŮװ뼲֮Уǰ߾̽ա
ǩľ֮˶һ󾺼֮ϣԶ
ɵ棡
ɵǸ¼ðߣ棡

Ǵ󾺼֮ϴɽĻȫΪļ֮
Ǽִ󾺼Ȼʲô˶Խ룬Ǹ߰ƱѾųɾŵƽˢ¡ֻие˺͹ǲǸ뼲ִ󾺼ЩȻΪ滶˻ϲһͼðߡ
¼ðߣﲻ̨ܹ£Чҡҿһ򣬽ļա
Ƴһۣһؿڵĺɫ׹ӡ
һɫĹâҫһܸߴʮףɫӵͷβ·һͷɫĻȻ֡
ɫսסǿӽǺĻ壡
汾򼶵ǿߡټ⡾ɫǿ֮Уֱ޵еĴڣ
Ǹ¼ðˡûһ˿ᣡ
Ǹ¼ðֻ߱ӵкǼʵôֻ·һ

Ǵ󾺼ΧļǿǴһսɨ΢΢һɨж¶һ˿֮ɫ
ЦӵϣǶһôˣӿ˿˿ŮͣΪ˿ЧꡣӮˣµвƲС
䵭Ҿܾ˿ҵӣһ䵱ע
˿֮һĨж֮ɫ
ӵϣ
ϧϾһ¼ðߣҪˡ

Ǵ󾺼֮ϵһЩСǶʱ΢Ĺۡ
һöɫˮи֣â΢΢һʱһɫս׸֮ϡ
ʲô
ⲻǼĻף
ʲô

һǸȫɫսףЩǿɫһ䣬Ķ棬ж˺֮ɫ
ǲеڻ᳡֮лصԿʼ
ǲеոȻһһɫĹâһɲ֮Խ˼ʮľ룬ڹǰһŹȥ

һЦǡɫʱһӶսݺһն֮ϡ
ǡɫսһնñ顣
ӰôܣʲôӰȻܹƭҡɫɨϵͳ
һնգʱͨ
һֲľ֮Уһɫսǡɫһͱ˽˼ʻ֮ڣһʣֲޱȵ˲䱬һɱըѳ顣
ɫսȻ֣ȥ¶汾𣬰Ȼվ֮У˿˹˹ָƵǿһս
汻ɱˣ
ʲôǿ
ɫս׺ǿ

ִ󾺼һ±÷ЩǿһĨ˷֮ɫĶϵһɫսס
һս
һһͷɫԵÿ׵Ӵ˿߷£˴󾺼롣
ɫ׵ɫ޾Ľ˹̹һ˳λ̳̹ǰһս
˹̹壡ӵоǺ档
Ǹ¼ðҪǸҶ̹ǣǿɾ˹̹ΪУ

һֻĿⶼϡ
ʿǿڼ֮ҲǸ߲㡣˹̹ӵоʿǿߣƫƧȫԳưһΪһƬİǼڲҲλȨأ˸ǡ
̹һؿڵ׹ӣһɫĹâҫһͨ峤ʮףɫһһЫβͷ­֮Ƕһֻʯ飬׵ĻȻ֡
ɫƻЫս塣κλ޷ѵkƻۣ֮
Ǹ¼ðһˣ

Ǵ󾺼֮еĹǶ濴ȥ
Կʼ
һɫĹâ΢΢һֱӻһɫ⣬̹Ƿȥ

̹һĨأһЦЫβȻֱӴȥ
һɫսһնһֲ׵ɫâȻһն£ӲĽ̹ͬǡɫƻЫնء


1052 
һУ㽫ǡɫƻЫкֱ˴ﱦ֮ڡ
ǡɫƻЫɫĻ壬ֻҪԼ޸ս塣ֻǲкóȥҲһۡ
ɱ̹Ǳɱˣ
ðԵÿֲսף
Ǹ¼ðߣǵ죬Ȼɱ˹̹ˡȤˣ
ɱúáǸðߣǿ˿µķˡڹƽľ֮նɱ̹ǡǲ˹̹Ҳ޻˵
˵Ҳǣڼ֮Уͳߡ˿ֻһ¼֣Ͼǻ塣һЩֶθ޷ʹá

Ǵ󾺼ΧЩǿǿ̹Ǳһɱж¶һ˿֮ɫ˷ޱȣ۷׷ס
˿ߵʮ׷һɫʮѿվھ֮ڵ棬һĨɵ֮ɫ
̹˿ʮ׷֮սסϾ溣ǿߣǡɫƻЫƻ֮⣬Ҳһһǿս塣
ܹһ̹ͬɫƻЫһնأսֱֲ˼㡣
Ȼվ֮У˿˹˹ָƵǿһս
˿ʮ׷һüͷĬ
ָ˿Լʮ׷߼һȺһսûУ涪ǼжҼƣȴһ˷ЦǼԺңùԶ㣬Ҫҡ³
һһͷɫ̷òǰһȵ¼ðߣ㲻һŸҫ֣καǹƽһս
ûʲô£־Ͳñһս
û־ͲǼǹƽһս

˿ʮ׷߷׷׿ڽе
һЦǳª̫ªˡҲʵһ֮֡ǰ˽ʱѵҲ᲻ԼǿıԷƽһսĻҲ˵óڣǶˡ
ûҲʵһ֣
Щһˣ
ȻĻ˵óڣҲˣ

һĿⶼ˿ʮ׷ϡ
ǿʱʮʥһ֮ϡǿսʮʥ֮ҲǹǰСΪĻǿޱȣǼǿװֻ֮սŻͻͽüΪֲ
Ҳʵһ֣Ǽǿǿ߶Կ֮ʱĿںţҲм嶼ϵ
˿׷֮ǰҲʹǿܵĻ壬ѹƽšڶȴҪ治ñǹƽһսȻǼǿƲ
һĿ֮У˿ʮ׷Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬о·һ㡣
һ˲䣬Ǵ󾺼֮ԭ֧˿ʮ׷ǵļǶһ¸ı
Ҫ֪ǼĹ֮ԶԶƽ֮ϣΪǵļ֮ӵдƾã۸߰սײеĻ塣ƽŲκα﹫ƽһսֻǹӶࡣ
˿ü΢΢һ壬һӣһɫĹâҫһߴʮףɢɫԵλʮ׷ǰ
˿ӣȥ
һĿ࣬ٶɢһҰһĨ֮ɫǣ£ȥ
ǡɫŮǺĻף
ɫŮǺĻ֮УҲĴڣ
˿¿ǶŭȻһĻ

Ǵ󾺼֮һɫĻ壬ʱһ䶯
ǡɫŮǺеĶ壬֮жûĶ塣Ҳֻм񣬲ܹ˿溣ǿһǺ塣
Щ溣۷ļǿܹݡɫŮӳʿĿֲս
Ҫ֪ǿĴԽ棬ҪԽһ󾳽սԽѡʿƾһرսʤ溣ڵʿпܡ溣۷ʿҪսʤʿǿ߼ûʲôϣ
ǡɫŮһ溣ǿսʤʿǿߵľ
ǰ̤һһǡɫŮ˾ǡɫŮֱΪһ塣
һʿڵǡɫŮ֮ɢ
һɫĹâ΢΢һǡɫŮ˲һھ֮ϡ
һĨâɱӿӵϣΪԼǸĴۣ
һЦӣлΪһɫŮ
ӰޱȵӵϣıôǿʹĻˣû޵еıֻ޵еˣҵʵԶԶ֮ϡֻ·һûκʤ㣡
һЦˡǱﻹˣֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾ͿѹһСǿ
е𣺡Կʼ
ӵϣȥɣ
ӼԦšɫŮȻſİɫͬһ㣬˾ȥ
һɫĹâ΢΢һǾ֮һ³ٸӰ
ٸӰǹһ䣬׷ױ顣
һɲ֮䣬ڱӵġɫŮһնһֲޱɫâһնǡɫŮļʻ֮ϣǡɫŮֱնѿնϣɷ顣
ɱˣ
ӼʻšɫŮɱˣ
̫ˣ
ӵϵı̫ˣ

ӱһɱִ󾺼һº䶯
ǱӼʻšɫŮ֮ǿʿĿֲǿߣǿ߾ȻǱֻʿһɱǿǿԽ󾳽սȻҲܹʤֻܹ˵ϵɫսã졣
һУ㽫ǡɫŮֱ봢ռ֮ڡ
˿һĻ΢΢һ
һʮӢ˿׷ɫһӵϣ˿µıǣ
һЦ֮ϣʤ߿ԻʧߵһСǴӱϻõҡҪһսܹɱңȻԽҪȥ
˿׷ɫһףҧгݣȴҶ˵һ֡
˿֮һ㺮˪֮ϣߣ
Ǿ׷߱˿ȥ
Ҳ§ſ˿뿪һִ󾺼
Ǽ־֮еһս֮ܿд嶼Ϊ֮䶯
ǿǿԽؾսһʤսڼ֮ҲǼΪս
ϲ㶼֪˼ӵϵţҿʼ滯ļӵϽȫ顣


1053 ױ
֮ǻʹǼ֮ءǼĻʹ֮ڣ󹬵ΪֱǼִʥáá
ִֻм֮ٿʱŻᱻʹáǼ֮չ֮ʱʥƿش֡Ǹ־ִʥõ־
Ǽִʥó괦ڹرյ״̬ʵǼֵ۹ƿش󲿷ֵ
Ǽ֮ĻӡŮǶΧõƿߣ֮ıᡣ
Ǽ֮ȻҪַص£ܼͬӴޱȵԴ֧֡Ǽ֮ҲǼ׵ʥʿλ֮һ
ʥ֮ڣһǿޱȵʥʿǿߡ֮kǾƿߡ
һâҫһƵĻе֮ųһ˿˿âʥ֮ҫ
ǹâҫ֮Уӵϱ޳ܵ͵ϮˣնɱԼѡ˲ʯҽһһöɫˮľһһ֡
һʥʿļǿ߿ڵӵ¼ðǱ޳ܣȻ͵ϮɱԼͬ顣˲ӵһŲ
һǿߵ̹λǼֵ۹⣬Ǽֵ۹ķɡǿ˿ķ
ʥ֮ڵʥһǿ˿ķоЩͷۡ
ڼֵ۹Χ֮ڷһУЩʥʿǾܹ˳Ľڼɷӵϵһб
ڼֵ۹Χ֮⣬ð໥ɱᱦʵ顣ֻҪ鲻ڼֵ۹֮ڷֵ۹ɷҲܲԷǿ˿ķ˵ҲǼֵ۹һԱ
ʥõʥʿǾôð߳ļӵϣҲԲܹӼӵϻݡ
ӵȻڼ֮нֻһֻСϣȴǻˣż֮Ѫ֮˵ķ˼ֵ۹ɷʥ֮ԲκǱ޹ӶһУƼ֮ϣʥʿǿҲᱻֱ塣
һʥǿ߿ڵһŲо͸Ҳ嶼о޴áǿӵϽнסıУǼؼӵһȫ֡
ʥҲ΢΢ͷ
Ǽǹʮʥ֮һǿףռݴƬͬʱӹ֮У֪˶ٱ
滯ļӵ϶õı뼲ĿƼ·ǼʥὫ֮
ڹ֮Уʮʥ壬塣ֻԼȤͬһ˼пƼܹٴνз츲صɱ䡣
ʮʥ塢㽫еĶط̸棬ҲԶԶȲϼ塣ǵ·⡣
ˣҪ棡
ʥ֮⣬һ溣ǿվ⹧
һʥǿ߿ڵʲô£
溣ǿ߹ӵ룬Ҫ̹֮ϻõԶŲ׸ΰļ֮
ʥ֮еʥʿǶʱһ
һʥǿߵΰļ֮
ļʥǿҲεĵͷ
ǿ漰һ뼲·ԶŲԾ֮kǶܵͷ
һʥǿߵӵһǲ򵥣
ӵϲһʿǿߡӿ˿ҲֻһӵĻ¼֡˵ʵܱסԶŲԶŲ׸֮ϲߡ
ڼֵ۹κ˶뼲֮ԶŲǼ֮ҲԲǽԶŲй֮
һâҫһʥǿ߱㽫һ򼲸֮㱨
֮һŽɫʥּ֮и֣ųһ˿˿Ϣǽɫʥּ֮ϣÿһֶɢſֲޱȵĲ֮κһֶɵɱһ溣ܡ
һ𼲸ʥǿ߿һʥּ΢΢һ̾ӵϵİȫٰױ䣡ӵһˣҪˡ
һʥ֮з䵽õСһ¶֮Ƕ֪Ѿûгļ֮Ϊһмӵϵð߻һޱȵԶŲҪ׸ΰޱȵļ֮
ǼǿߡǿߡֻҪ⼲֮ڣȿֺҪױ֮ڡ
Ǽ֮ǹʮʿʵۼǿ֮һԻ͵ĵߣĿ֮еΨһܹ֮ݣκμǿ˵һΪҫ顣Ҫ֪Ǽ֮ڣʿǿߴӵ𣬶ûм֮ݡ

һɾͷʥԶǿʨŵĻƽսһޱȵ߼Ԧ֮£Ǽ֮ǻֵ֮ϼۡ
ǻ֮ϵһǾͷԶǿʨŵĻƽս΢΢ͷǻƽսһ
һƽսſֲ׹⣬һ·ۣ˿˿Ĺ֮ǰ
ǻƽս֮ϵ߿ڵΰļ֮ʹײأǰӵϡ˿μױ䣡
Ǵһʢװ˿ǲƵС֮߳
˿֮ϸźΣĴ֣֮˷֮ɫ
ɾͷԶǿʨŵĻƽսǼ֮֮һֻӭӼ֮Ϊ֮ӵĿˣŻὫսɳȥܹսĻҫˣָ
˿һǻƽսоһɹǿޱȵǻƽս֮дûǵڡ
ײؿһǾͷʥԶǿʨ¡¡׹⣬ǻʹķ򼲳۶ȥ
ΰļ֮ʨʳ
ǾǼӵϺͿ˿£
ӵϣǸҪԶŲ׸ΰ󼲸֮ļӵϣˣȻܹΰļ֮ټҫļҫʱ
ɶôûлԶŲҪҲԶŲһҲҪ׸ΰļ֮

ʨʳ֮ǻļ۵λжߡʵжǿѪͳжô󣬶òͷ­ͬʱһĿⶼ˿ϣжĽ֮ɫ
滯ļӵϺͿ˿Ȼ˼֮ټֻҪǲԼɻ߹Ȼֵ۹ķɣκ˶һЩ˵ֶԸǡͬʱ֮ҲԲ滯ļӵϺͿ˿
˿ʨʳ֮ϣЩո߸ϣŸӵĻǷ׷׵¸߰ͷ­˼ǧ˷ܣסֱۡʮһҫߵ˴ģ˵ĳ֣ʱȻֻǸѹǹԼĸ׵Ĺ޷ػ


1054 ҫ
ʨʳ˻ֱӽ˻ʹ֮ڡ
һʹ͸оָɨ貨ƽͿ˿֣ȷ˿ݡ
澫׼ĻеһжӵϱһģһǸɨ貨֮϶ûз
һʥأ
Χһֻǻʹ֮ħԼԪŨ˼㣬۳Ϊʵʡ
һԴɽ洦ɼκһԴɽǺԴ۶ɣԴɽĶԴĿֲ
ЩԴɽǼ֮ʹطɼ֮ӴޱȵҽķԴľ䡣
κһԴɽ棬ɱʥʿǿߵᡣһЩʥʿǿ߶ߣͻᱻЩʥʿǿߵı֮ڡ
⼲֮ǵĻʹ֮УһԴɽ󷽷ĳڻʹأ˿κ졣
ػȣ濴챦Ϊ֮Ķѣ¶֮ɫ
ħҲǹʥ֮һǿޱȡħ֮Ѿħȫ׼ȡ˿ֲޱȵЩжԵʿʵۼǿͬھ
ħ֮ԴѾȫʢ֮ʱİٷ֮һȻȫʢ֮ʱļȡ
ʨʳǼִǰ
ǼִվһԼĴ塢塣
Ǽִ룬һһͷɫ޳ףһ˿˿ͰԵ֮ľꡣkǼػ񣬼Ψһ켲Ի͵ļ֮
Ǽִ֮ڣվһٶɢŲĿֲǿߣkǾǼʥǿߡ
Ǽִ֮ڣӵмֻ֮ʥʿǿ߲ܹ档
ʨʳһ֣һĿ㼯˳ϵϡ
Ǹ¼־Ȼôˣôһˣ
˿վǼִ֮⣬Ķſ˿΢΢ЩŤ֮г˿־ɱ
˿ǽ˿ĸ׻ĥʮʮҹĥѪɲſ˿ȴ
ײص
Ϳ˿ʱʨʳ֮¡
˿ߵǻеλ
һ·֮ϣŮԼǼŮǶſ˿жһĨĽͼ֮ɫ
˵ע֮£һߵǼִ֮ǰڼִıԵͣסڼִ֮ϵļ֮һ񹧾˿µķӵϣΰ󳬷ļֿ֮ľ⡣̹ϻõһԶǰkϣҵһСС⡣
˫ַǰһɫĹâҫһöɫˮȻ֡
˷һĿⶼɫˮ֮ϣ˺֮ɫ
һöɫˮԶ滯ļӵֱӸɵ溣ǿߣӵпֲޱȵսһ
һһͷɫĻԸУףǵİķһˮߵǰ
㽫һöɫˮˮ֮ϡ
ķһˮ˼֮ǰ
֮һöɫˮ˫һ¸ֳޱȵӡһۣԶŲӵгԴһ·Ϊ𼶵ǿߡ
Ȼܹ˽𼶵ľ
ǸһȻܹıˣ
¼ðߣҪˣ

һĽޱȵĿһ¼ϡڳ༲ǿǶĽͼʡ
𼶵ǿ߾ʥʿǿߡÿһǾ춯أǿޱȵĴڡʧڼ֮УҲӵо޴ĵλھͷڡ
Ǽ֮Ȼվһٶʥʿǿߣһٶʥʿǿ߶Ǽǧ֮ڻƸЩΪ˥ϣʥʿڼڣƽʮ궼޷һʥʿǿߡ
һԶﾹȻܹһ·Ϊʥʿֱ졣
֮鼫ºһЦҺϲӵϣʲôҪ󣬾ᡣ
ΰޱȵļ֮ϣܹʥ֮Ȫɱ䣬ǿߣȻǼսѪսս
ʥ֮ȪǼĵ֮һ̺һ˿˿֮һʿǿ߽棬ԿԽ溣ʿ
ѪսչƴɱγɵľأѪս֮У̺Ǳ̲֮⡣
ʿϵǿ߽Ѫսᱻ֡ʿʥʿǿ߻ᱻֱɱʿʵۼǿǻᱻ
߽Ѫս֪Ҳᱻޣͬʱ޾Ҳ뾡һа취ʴkǡ
ΪˣѪս߶Ը롣Ѫս֮ӵÿһʱ䣬ʮʥ塢溣ŶѪս֮Ѱұ໥ɱ
֮һʥʿǿ߾Ѫս֮ϻ˾޴ĺôܹӱһ·Ϊʥʿ
֮һЦãȲĹѫҴΪҫ˿Ϊҫ֮ʮ˳λ̳ˡҫǳһߣֱ䡿һ߾
һϲż֮һָлΰļ֮Ը㲻࣡
һĽʵĿⶼ˿˵ϡǼǿǶ֪ӽ˿һԾΪֵ۹¹Ļˡǿ˿ӵ˼̳м֮ϣ
ǡҫǳһսʥʿĿֲ塣Ϊܹﵽʥ֮ͿԼʻҫǳ巢ӳʥʿڵĿֲս
Ұռ˻һطǡҫǳĻҲܹٶʮֹ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһܸߴʮףʮǳɫ⣬˵֮ʮǳԴ۶ɵĻ塾ҫǳӼִ֮зɳ֮УųޱȵĹâһ˿˿ʥǡҫǳ֮лѹķ
Χļǿǿǡҫǳ壬жһĨĽ̰֮ɫ
һߡҫǳ壬Ƿһ֮УȫԳΪһ֮ʲô
ǡҫǳâ΢΢һһöɫ׹С
Ǵ֮д֮£
ǣʥΰļ֮
湧Ӧһ˿˿߾վš
ǼŮǵĿⶼϣ֮йʶˣȤ


1055 ˿
ױ֮ǻʹ֮Уٿһʢޱȵᡣ
֮ԼʥѾȥ֮УΪҫҲһ³Ϊλߵļˡ
һĹŮǷ׷׽ӽ棬۲תʾá
ķһĴӵһޡƽޡǿ޾
֮λǿ˿УЩŮԸᡣƽ޵λãȴ༲Ů졣
һ£
һһЩΧߣһޱȵļŮһǸ۵ʱɫһ䣬ÿһ·
òޱȣ˿Ҳֻѷһ˿Ÿ߹ͬһŮһ
˿ΧȻһЦλãҫ˽̸ҸǼʱ䡣
ΧߵļŮǶʱɫһ䣬ֱ뿪ߡ
˿ѪͳĸǿޱȣЫЩŮûһԸΪС
ߣֻܿʣ˿˿һˡ
˿Ҳһţסֱۣ΢΢Ĳţ֮г˿־塣Ѿ˿Ӱ֮»꣬ȻҫȴȻ˿ĵη塣
˿Ƴ˿˿һۣȻһЦҫ̸̸
΢΢һЦ˿ҵӣǷһ壬ûʲôġлֱ˵ɣ
˿ŽЦݣҾֱ˵ˣҫǰ;Һܹ˿Ȼ֮λӭȢҡҵĸ彫ᶯһ֧ԮΪǺǿߣǽ𼶵ǿߡҪķŮˣҵļҲΪҲֹһˣ
˿Խ΢΢ıסĸ첲֮г˿־塣
˿ĸǿޱȣڼֵ۹֮ӵо޴ޱȵǰķŮ˶˵֡Ƕ˿ĸ˵ȴʲôܹŪʮ
˿ʮ׷߶溣ǿߣǼ֮жǾӢ֮еľӢ֮еš֮ԻҪ˿ΪһǳΪ˿ˣôܹ˿ĸ֧֣ȨơŮȱֻҪŬиܹΪǺǿߡ
浭Ҿܾ˿ҵӣҾԲᱳ
˿Ŀһ˶ļһԼѱͱӵ¼ðߣȻҲһ¼ҳϣȤ
浭˲ҵĺѡֻΪһð߰ˡðΪϣΪʮҲΪһ鱦ʯֱɱһλðߣҲǰְˡ
ЩðǲûԭЩðߴ󲿷ֳ΢߻ӡ屡ˣΪԻͱӵ
Ǻ˻滯ļӵ϶ʲôˣжմѪ
˿˵Ŀ⻹ҫΪѡڵġ
˿һ䣬ޱȵתͷȥתͷһ˲䣬Ѿɭޱȵɱ⡣
˿һ֣ЩŮǱط̽˿˿֮ĶԹǶʱٽӽ档
ҫ֮еλߵļ֮һڼ֮ڵ̫ǳЩĹǶΪܹ˿Լĸ壬ûһҽӽ
˿һ֮б
˿ĸ첲һǸԲ𣬶Ϊҡ
΢΢һЦõǸǷޣЩѹأͬԡ
˿ӿһ˿˿ů¶һᡢҸЦݣҵѡ㣬̫ˡ
濴˿ǸЦݣʯҲ΢΢һ˿ӿһ˿
ǣſ˿Сһ֮£§Ʒ֮ϵĸζȡ
汾ǲ֮λʥʿλȨأƿǻˣһͿڼǵĹ⡣
֮УһʮγɵСȦӣǸСȦÿһǻӡʵǿޱȣұĸ岻ʿǿ֧ŵ壬ʥʿǿ֧ŵ塣
һһͷòĻӼЦһ䣺˿ӣ㱻ܾˡ
˿һƽ֮ȴӿһ˿˿ɱûǸ¼ð߾ܾҡܴ裬ҾԲȥ
һ̷һصĻӻҫҲöֶԸʲô⣿
ŮݾѾʮּ֡ҫݣЩĻӡŮһ취ûС
˿ҪѪսҲҪѪսʱ򣬾Ѫս֮Ͻ
һЦͣ
˿ȻһЦѵҪϵһܡҫǳֻҪɵһܡҫǳǿƽ֣ʲôҪֻҪǸ¼ðȥ
ЩǶʱ۾һ¶һ˿Ȥ
ҫǳһʥ壬ޱȡǶʮӶûһӵôĻ塣ܹáҫǳ壬ǵΪͿһǧͬʱǵļҲøǿ
Ȥһ¼ð߾ȻǼǰۡ
һ
ǶʮӡǶ¶һ˿˷֮ɫһʢ֮Уγһˡ
֮˿뿪˻ʹ
˿ĸŮסĹǰ
һӵ溣ļǿ˹һ񣺡ҫΰļ֮ѾʹһµĸۡҪȥµĸۡҪǾɵĸۡ
С£˿
˿ԥһĸҵΨһϣһɵĸۡ
ɾɵĸۡ
ǣ
ǿߴһӣ̻ȻɳޱȵĲϷǹ֮ڣʼһ
ǾɵĹ֮У˿ͰµĹ֮ڡ
ʹ֮ڣһ̺һ˿˿ʥʥ֮Ȫڰһˣļӵϻ
ʥ֮ȪϷšҫǳ壬ԴԴϵǳ֮ǡҫǳ֮ӿûļӵϻڣ߻
һɿֲޱȵ溣ȻӼӵϵĻ֮ڱ˷ȥ
ӵϣһ˲š
ӵϿ֮ǰֻǱûˡڵõԴһԾ죬ҲһСˡ֪ܹܲץסᣬһ֮𡣡

һֲޱȵĲһɨЩʿϹж¶һ˿֮̾ɫļӵϻ˶̵ʱ֮溣ʮ־ȡ


1056 
һƬŸȾаڰĹءǼ֮лŰڹ棬Ķۺ塣
ЩڹǿеҪѾں棬ҪȻӵ⼫֮УƬԴѷĵط
ѪսλڼλáǼ֮УеǿڣԹǿ߳ɱ⡣
Ǽ֮УмʥʿĿֲûʥʿǿػͨҪѪսܰ쵽
һŰԲͬյһļսǼ֮зС
һյ֮ϣһС̫ģҹ仯Ǹյڲ·γһʵ硣
Щ׼μѪսļǿһɫɣ·ڶȼٷһ㣬ĻһγһСȦӣϵرš
ƶһһƬϵɳ̲ϣīõ⣬ҹ۲ΧһС
ԽѪսǿս溣ǿߣʿǿ߻ᱻֱֱɱʥʿǿһ֪Ҳᱻֱһֲĵزᱻɱ
һνѪս˻࣬ΪץסĻϹǶ̲ס𣿡
ĿʮŸǿ֮Ͽһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц
Ѫսʵϲֹʿʥʿǿ߽롣ֻһ֪ӵйʿϵ겨ᱻֱɱ
Ǽ֮ЩϹΪ˻Ѫս֮У߶Ϊ֮ľ䣬ҷӡԼΪԼ겨ѹ溣ǿ߼
һĨâҿ͸ļǿһˡҪʥʿǿߣҪӵرǿߣûһöԸ
ʥʿǿ߶ǿ˵Ѿ˾ͷҪٽһء
ڼ֮ڣҲʥʿһʥʿ޷ЩҰĸһʥʿѡԷΪѪսԴ
Ȼ֮䣬ǿΪ֮Ťһͷ峤ߴʮף۾һΪ֮ëȻǿħ۾ȻɳɢŰʥĿֲſѪڣһݻΪһޱ޼ʵѪżսֱһҧ

һֻ׵ĸֱ۴Ǽսֱ֮̽һͷǿħ۾һץȥ
һͷǿħ۾Сûһֱֻ۵֮ڣһֲֻĸֱһ⡣
һͷʥǿħ۾֮߱Χ޾ʱɢ󲿷֡
Ŀⶼ⼲ս֮ϣȴû
⼫ĴȻԹǿǳ⣬ȴҲӲӵʥʿǿǡ
һ·֮ϣǼս⵽ٴεĹÿһι׻⣬ǰĹͳͳֱѹ
һ֮ǼսѪսԵ
ʱѪսԵ֮Ѿ˸ָսԼ񳲡
񳲷ֱǲ塢塢˪ǿʹı
ӵгǿʹԱʿʵۼǿߵսʮʥ֮УʥҲֻӵһţΪеĵ̸ܹ뿪ࡣ
Ҳֻ壬ޱȣռ˹֮ϵԴܹ׵Ķ񳲡
֮У·ģɢǿޱȵĹԡ
濴񳲣һĨ֮ɫǾ񳲣ǿս֮һܹһŪǾͺˡ
ǹ濪Կʿʵۼǿߵսر񳲿ԽЩͼǿǵһЩͼǿʿʵۼǿ߲ͬһΪرǱŪУƼһٴλ÷ԾԵĽ
뼲λῡǰһۡ
һâӲ֮ţû˼ս֮ڣһԴ߰
ӣľţڰ벽֮Ѿ۳֮һǿߵĴ
ӣĴȻǲμӾۻᣬ̫ˣ
ӣǿӵнǱĴȻǣǵҫ

Ǽһʱһж¶һ˿˿˷֮ɫ
ǹ֮һǲӸǲĺߣ֮ΪϣΪʿʵۼǿߵĴܹk飬Щ˵һΪ˵顣
һâҫǼǶ׷ǲڵķȥ
ҲǸȥ
ֻĸǿ߶Լһս֮зɳͬʥһŲ񳲷ȥ
ĬĬڹ֮еĵλȻͬһ㡣
һâҫǲ֮ųޱȵ⣬γһɣӵһĽݡ
һ֮дһɸ߸ϵİֻɫŽнλֻҪܹһݣͿԲμӲٿľۻᡣ
һ溣ǿߵûӴ˵ľۻǷܹģֻɫǿ߲ʸ벩Ӵٿľۻᡣ
һâҫһ溣ǿ߷׷׷ɵǻƽ֮ϡ
һɹɾ޴ޱȵķ֮ǻƽ֮ϴʮ溣ǿֱɡǼ溣ǿһ¾ͱ̭˰ɡ
˼
һ̤ǻƽݣһɿֲķֱ֮Ӵļӵֱɡ
һؿɫ׹һâҫǡҫǳȻ֣ޱȵĹâ
һǡҫǳںϣǻƽ֮ϵһ޷ֱӻһɫ⣬һȣ׾ٵȥ
˭
Ǽġҫǳ
һ򼶵ǿߣȻӵв𼶵Ļ壬Ľ

Щڻƽ֮ϿŵĹǿǿǡҫǳһ¶ĽʵĿ⡣
ı
˿ȼӡŮǿڵ棬һƿڴһ䣬׷׷ųԼĻ壬ںϣȥ
ʮʥǿǷ׷ʩչԼеطǻƽʵǡ
ʱֳʮʥ֮Ĳ࣬ʮʥ֮еĶǻƽ֮磬ֻһ˱̭
Щϵ溣ǿ߻ÿһ嶼ֻһǻƽ֮ϼߣ˶̭
ļӵϻӵСҫǳһʥ壬Ҳͱ̭ˡ
λˣ
һ̤ϽݣһòΪĲŮЦ˹ڲȥ


1057 
ڲԳһС磬޽಻ĹȺ
Ů֮£һϡֲͥԺ֮ڡ
ͥԺ֮ڣһС̨֮ˡ
һһʣĸߴһͷͬһ㿡ľӡһһͷڳĻԸУʸ߹ʥ࣬ףǣԵˣ绪ľˡһǽ𷢱ۣĳʻƽü֮һѩױʯףһ˿˿ľꡣ
һͷͬһľºһЦǼҫܹôͨƽݵĿ飬˲λҵĺѣԷŮ˪ӡ
濴С̨֮ϵһۣ΢΢һݣһǿߣǿȫʥʿľǿߡĹ
ӡŮ˪ÿһ϶һ˿ʥʥǿ߲ͬȫȱĲʥ
Ҳֻʥʿǿ߲ܹķ˲ͬȻҲûԼʥйء
ǹһӵϣλˣ
Ů΢΢ͷ
˪ȴ࿴һ۶ûУƷǰơ
嶯Դľ꼶Ѿ׳ΪʥʿǿߣԶͬǿߡ
ǿƵĹ֮УʥʿҲһͷǼ֮ڣһʥʿĵλҲԶԶֻ溣Ŀͷ֮ϡ
Ǳ˪ӵĵλͨʥʿҪߵö࣬ʿǿҲδرСȻӿ溣ʿ
ºһЦƽ׽˵ӵϣؾúһʳɣ
ǣˣ
΢΢һЦֱӽ̨һϯλ֮£ֱһöͬһĹʵһ¡
һǿޱȵǻһĹʵ֮ӿûڣһ߼ӵϻΪһһ˿
ĬĬ̾治ǲӣֿ溣ǿıﾹȻáֲôŲμӵkٿľۻᡣÿһξۻЩ溣ǿ˵һСĻԵ
ϯλ֮ϵЩʵ溣ǿǶΪ֮ᣬ溣ǿʵıֳʵãȻ溣ǿߡ
һԸ溣ӢҲ֮ͥ԰֮ڣ׷
һĿⶼ滯ļӵϡ
ͥ԰֮ڣҲֻ滯ļӵϺԥĴ̳Щζĳʵһ̽һ̣Ϊ֮Ŀ
ЩԸĶ⾫ӢǶ֪ЩʵǺñʥʿǿߵע֮£ûһ˷
֮Уҫһ¼ð߳쿴ŹȻûҫȻһǵ¼ðߡҹȥﲻ¼ð߸ĵط
һͷһö⾧壬òĺ溣ǿ̤ͥ԰ֱ֮ߵǰĺǳ
һϷʵĿⶼϡ
Щܹͥ԰֮еǿ߶ǹ֮еţǹ塢ޱȣȻԼӵ¼ðûκκøС
еĹὫܺõСͬҲὫֵıֳ
¶һЦݣͬðһ㣬ֱӼǲӵͥ԰ɲҡļ棬ȥɣ
溣ǿһĨɱӵϣ㾹ȻңҪʤһԻʧһвƲ
һЦԭǿҵġҫǳֲûơ
溣ǿɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ˵˼
ҫǳһʥ壬㲻ǼǿʹãҲԷӳΪֲսһŪ֣ʥʿµĴڶԽ߻ٶͻͽΪˣһֳ߻壬ǰƣͼ幫ƽܣһС
һЦҪҾҲǲСк͡ҫǳͬ׵ıûУǾ͹Զ㡣ҿûʱ˷ķϡĶĻ˫ͬȼֵı
Ǻ溣ǿ߶ʱɫһһҧҰУҾԾǰ
һЦһĲֵˣԶ㡣ǲӴ˵ͥ԰ɲң
Ǻ溣ǿĿ˼£ԥһᣬйâһһöɢһ˿˿ޱȵӡ
Ǻ溣ǿǰɶ֮ʯĲд汦˵֮ʯŲ䡣ҲһƵʥֵӦòġҫǳӵϣɸҽжս
˫һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫʯ
жսɶһ̲档֮һս֮𣬽Ϊߡ
ʯǰɶ浱ǿһյһߡkƴܾ֮֮ûһٸɵʯߣʯֱӻܡ
ʯһ塢弫ΪƵİеǿޱȵĴڡ
ǻʯֿƼʯƼ֮ٴδ£չɵǿ塣
һöƵһ֣ڳ˵ĿⶼһöƵ֮ϡ
ǷŮ֮ų޾⣬Ķһöӣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һЦֱãҾһսսܵһҪеһУʤУôҲһս
溣ǿкâһźãҾս
΢΢һЦһӣһصӡ֣һͥ԰롣
ֱӷǾ֮ڡ
ʥ˹ھӣС˹ǰһս
һâҫһϽɫļ˲串溣ǿϣӡҫһʿĿֲǺ溣ǿߵɢ
ʥ˹Ǹ۷ʥ˹
ֲӵʯı
һ£ӵ鷳ˡǿǲ۷Ŀֲ塣

ͥ԰֮ڣЩ溣Ӣ൹һ
ӵϣһս
һƽֱһǡҫǳΪһ塣
¼ðߣȥ
С˹Ȼ𣬻ֳޱȵϵħףһ׹⣬ֳһ׵սìݺݴȥ


1058 ȫ
ϵħװ壡
ǰ˹һǿţȻܹϵħװ壡ǺǿߣҲδ˭Ķ֡
ӵϲոս򼶣ܷӳҫǳսһΣˣ

ͥ԰֮ڣЩǿ۷׷ס
˿һ֮У¶һޱȵЦݣܺãȥɣҪǲҾͲᰲġ
˿Ǹ˿Ϳһ¼֣һԾ˿ĸ󻼣ȫΪ滯ļӵϴڡ
汻ɵŰķѪûκĿ˿˿Ķ֡
С˹ڡҫǳһ˲䣬ǡҫǳתȭһݻγһɫǳâҫһС˹֮ϡ
ǿֲ׵˲䱬һ㽫С˹ɷ飬궼ֱ飬ֻһöָӵڵϡ
ˡС˹ˣ
ôܣС˹۷ǿߣôܣôܻ
ӵϣôܻôǿ
Ǽӵϣǡҫǳҫǳ̫ǿˣ

ЩԸľӢǿһĿɿڴԼ۾С˹Ǻľţִϵħװ壬ԻʿǿߣȻȻһɱֱš
ôܣ
˿ЦҲ΢΢һ֮Ų֮ɫ
̾ȻΪУȴĶˡҫǳҫǳһ˲䱬˼㡣˲ļţҲֻнֱ䡿һ˵زսŲܹһ
˪ӵĵһ䣺ǡҫǳ岻
һУС˹ĴָУȻֱӻصԼλ¡
Сս츳
Ϊһ㣬Ȼһµĵˣ

Щ֮еһʥʿϹĿһӶ
ӵ溣ǿ߼ΪһЩʥʿϹӡϾ溣ǿ߼һＶѪս֮УӵвɱʥʿǿߵĿܡ
ֻӵ溣ڵΪЩʥʿϹл㲻в
ЩʥʿϹǵĿⶼ˲ӵ콾ϣ֮гĽɵ֮ɫ
֮֮ӱľÿһͬ޵УӵнʿʵۼǿǱİҵkǶѾɳΪʥʿľ뢡ֻдʥϵǿ߲пܻܵkǡ
ЩʥʿϹǶûκŻǹ콾
ǹ֮У½šǿ߲˶õ˸ֱֱ𣬴˺պ
ˣ콾֮Уӵ콾ҲĴڣֻʮܹǿ⡣
һ溣ǿɫһӵϣôĵӣȻɱǺʥ˹˵ĵӣС˹ı־ܣǻСֻ·һ
һЦҺС˹֮ǩ֮ڲӼ֤֮½еսʧߵһжʤСѵɲӴ𣿻˵嶼ĴӴ˶У
һͷǶһöİǿһЦ˶Ĵҽ鲩Ӵ˽Ĵͳͳȥ
⡢⡢⡢Ĵʥ˵һߵĺᡣĴʥ徭֮һΪġ
ѡѣγˣ໥֮¡
üͷ΢΢һŵӣӵҵļ֤֮С˹еĹƽսҲκ
ǿߺݺݵĵһۣҧǣˣ
ӵϣһöʯҺϲԸ㽻
ŮһſһöӡɢʥĺɫеมС
ʯġʥࡿһ롾ҫǳ֮ڣһҫǳһԾΪ벽Ŀֲ塣Ǽľ
ǿѾʣ²öġʥࡿ֮һܹõһӵϽ𼶵ǿҲǲܣ

ڳһһöʥࡿʱһĨ˷֮ɫǼϹǸһһͣд̰֮ɫ
ܹõһöʥࡿЩϹǶֱؼڣٽѪսðѰһԵ
һǸǸŮˣһöʯıдãˡ޷
ǡʥࡿȷʵһѵõľӵбǿĦʯƵġʥࡿ
Ů֮кâһţһӣǡʥࡿֱջء
һףòؽڶżеĹǿֱǰսӵϣսɸҽսʤ߿ԻʧߵһУ
һЦɱӿֻҪܹóӦĶעҿһս
ǹǿһһöɢֹԵħУǡҹǽ𡿣֮쵮ĵۼ
˫һӦãҴӦˣ
ǡҹǽ߼սصľ֮һʿ֮ôҲҲڼȻȻܷŹ
ǹǿ΢΢һΣֱӻһ⣬ûǾ֮ڡ
Ҳ΢΢һΣ뾺֮ڡ
壡棬ǰһս
ǹǿ߻һ¸ֳӡһ¸һɫļУ˫ֺڹҫһסɢİâС
棡
΢΢һ飬һûǡҫǳ֮ڡ
ȥ
кâһٶȰǿ֮£һ·ֳһǧӰӸֱնȥ
ٶȰ壬Ź޼᲻ݵУӵϣһ£ˣ
ûۼӵôһζô

һޱȵĿ֮Уǡҫǳֱתȭݻγһɫǳһǹ֮ϣǹ콾ֱӺ飬
ǿļӵϣǿ
ǼļӵϣȻ򵥣Ȼôǿ
ǡҫǳֱһ֣˫̫ͬˣ
ǿ£Ǽŵһ

ЩΧ۵ǿһһ澫ͨٶȰ壬һ֮УһһǿߡС˹Ҫǿö࣬ǿҲһɱڳĹ澫Ӣһг𺳣Ҳ滯ļӵϡ


1059 Ѫս
һץ㽫ĴָץУǾ֮зɳصԼλ֮¡
һʱ֮䣬Ǿۻ֮еĹ澫ӢǵĿⶼϣҲû˳ͷǰս档
У˶ףսʧܣ³ֻ·һ
ͬӵð߰һ˽бԣţشԷһʮɷӲĳɣᱻ׻ܡ
ǩԼ֮նɱЩţ塢ĴҲûнڶѡ
Ĵ;֮ЩľӢǶԸƴһսǵɱһ¼ðҪöࡣ
һͷйӡòޱȵĹǿߵǰָһţһޱȣɫǳĻи֣ӵϣһսǡɫʥһʥħҩȫkǺ֮
ɫʥǿʥħҩԲ𼶵ǿҲкô
Ҳһֿľħҩ
ӵϸܾܾջһħҩܹĳΪҫ

ЩԹľӢǿǹǿеġɫʥж¶һ˿˿̰֮ɫ
治ǸλˣҵʵôǿҲһǿߵĶ֡ԸϡԼȫӡ򼶣ҽ֮ӡôԸս
һ𼶵ǿߣ
ԭһλ𼶵ĴˣӵȻܹλ˵

һޱȵĿ˷۵ϡͬһһ㣬̵Ϲɫ΢΢һ
ǹϹɫһһŤһϣһɰԵϢӣһɲʥȻͬɽһѹȥܺãӵϣܺã
һָһɫĹâҫҫǳȻ֣ͬһ˿˿ʥǹϹԿ
ӿڵסְɣǲ𼶵ǿߣαظһСƽϡһͬƷʳΣ
ӣҪҪһ
ŲĿһۣ΢΢һΣһԭʧ
ϾʥʿĴkһ溣ǿս˽ҴԵk𺦼󡣵kÿһӣձȻԸ¡
ӵһﻹǴ󵨣Ȼһ˹˺ͷŮˡһˣ
ܹѪս֮лرӱλˣ綼û֮ء

һֻĿ⼯滯ļӵϡ
֮УһЩԸ󶥼ǽд衣ЩǵдȻޱȣ඼Ǳʵд裬᲻¡
ºһЦλһѪսҶѪսһֱԹݡ־ڱصá˵õǡԹݡҡһóͬȼֵıǽҽԹݡѰҲԻҵꡣ
ŮҶѪս֮ڵһྦྷ֮־ڱصá˭ྦྷ֮ңͿԻҵ꣬ȻҲóͬȵıн
˪ӰȻѪս֮еġǳҿеıྦྷ֮ңһֵߵı˭ҵġǳҵС
֮󣬱ֱ֮뿪kǶʥʿĴޱȡһõǸţҲὫټ
뿪֮շ
ԸľӢһ֮УѰԼѽύѡ
滯ļӵȻչֳ˿ֲޱȵսȴ˺üʥʿĴǸľӢǶԸ̫ӽ
ֱ֮ӻص˼Ľ֮ڡ
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ҪѪս֮ڵļǿǶ˵㡣
֮Уâҫһӡγɵع֮Ǹս֮ϡ
Ǹս֮ϣâҫӴޱȵǸս֮ԴԴϵ֮ڡ
һֻ·Թᴩһ磬ѹص۴һ֮зɳѪսһ
һޱȵĹֱӺ˺Ѫսٳһֲĵ·
Ѫս֮УγɵĹͬһ㣬ӿ
ǹޱȵγɵŤڣʥǿ߶ܹʴɱʿʵۼǿߣҲҪʱĺܹǹ׵⡣
һ֮Уһֻ·ڱյĿֲȻ֣΢΢һȡ
һɲ֮䣬ѣռŤЩŤֱӱɷ顣
ǵ֮Уһɫĺ֮еһб⣬γһɱڹγɵͨ
һĮһ֮ڴһͨ꣬ǽȥ֮֮ڱԭ·ء
һâҫڳ˱ͬһѪս֮ڷȥ
ֱһסɫħںϣͬһͷױޱȵħ֮Ѫս֮ڣԶȥ
ʮǿǻȻһޱȵĹâڵķ׷ȥ
֮⣬мľӢΣϢڵķǱжȥ
Ѿȷӵʥϵıǽɵ൱ջһ޴ޱȵıء
ұǵˣ
ɨ˺һۣ˿ЩľӢУϸĹ۲Ѫս
Ѫս֮ŰѪ£ÿһѪ¾ʹһ̲д⡣
Ҳ˵Ѫս֮ϣֻдŰ˸̲⡣
ʱƣǰѪҲһֵ׹䣬Ǳ̲ȫںϣͬһ
ǿ֮ǰѪɢһѪɫĹâۻ
Ѫսۻ䣬ǹʿʥʿǿһֱ֣ӱɱ
ǹ溣ǿѪս֮ҲԾôͻᱻۻʴΪѪսķ²
һ˲ĵطŶ䡣Ԫħϡֵطбأ
Χһۣת㷨ռ
ǡ㷨ӡոո֣һޱȵķ֮£ӡֱ飬һ˿˿Ѫ˫֮˳
üͷ΢΢һ壬ǵѪɫâۻѪսĬĬУط̫ˡռԤķЧһܵɡ


1060 ѹ
ǺɫĴ֮ϣȻһֲֻĴ֣ǧף飬鶼Լ⣬ݺݵץȥ
ûеĶۺ壬ɣ
΢΢һһܡɫħ·ΪһͷԷһУһеĺɫħſһ磬һɫϢǴֱȥ
ֲĺɫ˲佫һֻɣеⶼֱӾʧ
һĴִӴ֮󷽵ĹǾӢֱץȥ
һֲϢȻЩľӢǶֻܹ¶ΣʩչֹɱطŵµĴֺȥ
ЩĴַ·޾һ㣬ϵĴӴ֮һݻ٣ͻѸٵ
ʿʵϵǿ߶õۼرƬȫƬͶ
ʿʵۼǿȻҲܳԱû¸ɣܵĵطķƬ
ʵϣѪսܣʱƣѪսҲֱѪ׹䣬֮С
Ⱦң
һͷֳԭΣ峤ߴ׵ľ޴ʯ߱ӵʮֻĴһץס䡢㽫Ǿ޴ʯʴͬʱŵȥ
һǿɫ΢΢һ䣬ȵûˣָɵǽһֲĵˣ
ĴַĴӵӿЩľӢץȥƵЩľӢòֽЩִݻ١
һͷ޴ʯӲıǹޱȵĴ˵£˴ء
һĻЩԭҪɱĹ澫Ӣһɫ䣬Ȼ˷ȥ
¡
һ֮Уһͷ峤ߴף³˹ĿֲʯߴӴ֮зɳ
һֲʯ΢΢һΣԽſѪһҧһھͽһ溣Ӣ£ʴ
һĻһںʴ֮Ǽһʵ˰ٱϡ
磬һ溣ʿʵٱһʥʿҲǱķݡѪս֮ڣĹＫΪֲûֲĵˡ
΢΢һΣȻԶȥ
ӵϣɣ
һŻеǳȻһɫĻסɫŮ֮зɳ仯ΪһɫĴġɫħֱȥ
Ŀ΢΢һ
ǡǼ忪רŲ׽ǿ޵رһǡʿǿҲѡ
治ܹѸٵѡһǹʯֻ·һ
֣ٶȣ
ʮܼĻȻ֣ȫȫĹȥ

һЦǡɫħȻһͷײǡ֮ڡ
һܺɫĻ塾ɫǡɫħڲ֡
һܡɫȻһһɫĹâ΢΢һһܡɫĳ㽫ܼ׵ļʻֱն룬ļʻֱ顣
һܡɫʥʿսʶʹ֮£ӳսս֮ûǼһһɱ
ס֣ӵϣҵĸǼֵ۹Ĳ󳼣㲻ܹɱҡ
ס֣ӵϣҵ⹫ʥ

Ǽһɫ䣬šǶǼ֮дŮӵлѪʥʿǿߺǼ֮Уû˸Ҷǲ澹ȻɱǣǷĵĿ־塣
⣬ôôǿѵǴ˵֮Уĳ֮һ
˿潫һ𼲸նɱ΢΢һʻšɫŮȻԼѣһԶȥ
ûõģעҪȫûһ˿ѣ
һЦǡɫһſӡҫǡɫĶԴȪһ±ʹ˼ޡ
ǡɫ·ȼһ㣬һɫĹ֮зɳڲдʮܼ֮ϣʮܼĻʻպɷ飬ʮ溣ǿҲһɱ
һ֮ǡɫʱѣ΢΢һһѷ
ȻǿӵʥʿĿֲսʶҪڶʱ֮ڽʮ溣ǿҲ븶СĴۡǴ۾ǡɫȫû
һɫĹâһǷġɫ֮Уһ·ɳһɫġɫƻЫ塣
һɫĹâҫЩǱݻ˼ʻյĻ׷׷УΪսƷ
ǣҲȥɣ
һܡɫƻЫʮ־ŵĹ澫Ӣһۡ
һ׵ɫâǡɫƻЫ֮ЩľӢϡ
ЩľӢʱһңжͣһ˲䣬㱻һֻֻγɵĴֱץס˴֮ڡ
ǡɫƻЫ΢΢һΣ㻯һɫĹâǰġɫŮ׷ȥ
ÿٶȣҪ׷ѣ̫ܲ󣡡
ǡɫƻЫ׷˺һᣬȴǡɫŮ֮ľԽԽȻ۶ԻĲݣԶԶ˿֮ϣǻ֮ϣǡɫŮȴȡɫƻЫһʱ
벻̫Զ̷Χ֮ڣ
ǡɫƻЫ΢΢һʮޱȵȻ֣һɫ»֮˺Ѳ񷣬ǡɫŮɨȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǡɫŮ㱻»֮ɨУ΢΢һٶһ¼˴룬׹䡣
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һУؿѣһֻֻĴִӴ֮ǡɫŮץȥ
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˿ɫ䣬ǡɫŮâҫǡɫŮ֮зɳնһֻֻĴ֮ϣһֻֻĴֱնϣеͶⶼȫ
ǡɫŮһս״̬ٶȶʱٴһ֮еġɫƻЫ֮벻ϵ
ļӵϣͬھɣ
˿֮âһǡɫŮһ±߶˼ޣɲ֮䣬ǡɫŮ֮ڱգգǡɫƻЫֱӺȥ
ǡɫŮȼӳĳһһ֮£ʿǿ߶ܹشͬһ֮ǡɫŮҲֱӱ
ɫƻЫȻâҫ鸡֣ųһ磬ǰ
һһǷ֮ϣǡɫƻЫķͬȫ顣
һɫĹâǡɫŮ֮ǰһץһ´ǡɫŮʻ֮ڣӲĽǼʻ֮ڵ˿ֱץһǼʻֱӳ˳շȥʧ


1061 ֱ
Ѫսвһ΢ͻе֮ڡ
һɳ֮ϸǱӡļ幫˿˿֪Сֱ䡿ȫ档kңҿһ
˿֮һĨʽǿ˿Ǹ¼ֽ鱨ģûӵϣӵСֱ䡿ȫ棬һžֻҪҽ飬ѿ˿Ǹ¼ɱˡҾͰѡֱ䡿ȫ潻㣬ҵĸȫΪ𼶵ǿߡ
浭ҪҿԼá
һĻγɵ͸һ´˿֮ϡ
˿˫һɣ˻þ֮С
һָͬһʴȻɳص˷û˿֮ڡ
ͬһʴʴ˿һû֮ڣģ겨
ʮ֮˿˫ɣһָһâҫ֮еġֱ䡿γһö֪ʶ塣
濴һö֪ʶ壬΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ʴףϵ֮Уõס
ʴϵеսУսΪ£Ȳһعҫսˡkȴϵл֮һ
ʴܹʴͬǿߡսȡkǵĺ֪ʶͿƼ
ͬ˿áֱ䡿ȫǿһ㶼Լֽ֮ƣһ˴kǵ꣬ͻԱʲôò
ʴȴǿʴǿߵ꣬Ǳʴյ֪ʶͳͳڳʴ׵֮
嵱ҲʴʴǿߣӶ֪ʶͿƼܹݡ߼⿰ʿʵۼĿֲս
Ǽ֮иƣǿꡣͶ˿ˡһ溣ǿߣʥʿǿҲһֻȽǿϰˡ
΢΢һǼֱ֮мŵĸ֪ʶͬˮһӿʶ֮ڡ
ӹһ˷ܵĹâǼ֮ĵ·⡾ֱ䡿֣ðǱ뼲Ѿֵˡϧ⡾ֱ䡿ֻһطǼƼĽᾧ
ǡֱ䡿Ǽ֮Ѫȫչ˵kĵ·һŵۼʥʿҲֻнáӵᾧǿ˵ȴΪһͨ۷Ĵš
ĿƼչս׶ΣΪ㲻ͱԼԼĻںϡһЩǿ߾ͿԲϸԼ壬ﵽĿġ
ˣǻекܶ࣬ǿߵҲȻʱƶϵҲk֮жǿߵйء
ʿ֮Сǲܹʱʴ㲻ࡣЩΨһܣ໥ɵʱ򣬱ͬ׵شɱ
֮Ҳߵĵ·ߡkĵ·ӵо޴á
óǿޱȵսóøֻǿ˼ֱָҲ׸ĿƼõǿԼ
һĿ꣬ʯַϣߵַܹһϲ
һſʯıųһ˿˿貵ĹâֱָѪսĳһ
һܸոսɻġɫںһ𣬻һɫĹâǸȥ
Ѫս֮Уӵľۺ塣Щۺһֱ֣ӱܿǡ
Ѫս֮УΣյľЩʴǿߡЩľۺ壬溣ʿµĴڼΪֲǶ溣ǿ˵ҲֻһЩ鷳ˡ
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Ȼ֮䣬һ𶯣ǧ֮Ĵ֮УһðһǳѪս֮ڡ
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˫һ΢΢һΣһһǳڵķȥ
ѪսһƬԹĵطЩ̲Ķ⡣ս֮Щ֮ŵַᱻǣѪս֮С
һַѪս֮УΪıһЩַ֮еŲ߶Ϊ֮Ķ
ַ
ˣ

Բ֮ڵ溣ǿһַж¶һ˿˷֮ɫһַڵķȥ
һַڵ򣬾Ϳ֮У·ĩһ㣬ǻ嶼ǶƣһʴĹ
ЩʴĹ໥֮ɱݣ໥ɣʤ߽øӵǿ
ɨ·Ĺһа裺ʧߵ³
ҵˣ
Ȼ۾һһǳȥ
ǳ룬һɫɽֱ񷣬ɫɽ֮ϣһŸߴʮ׵ɫС
ɫСûҶڶһɫĻ䣬һɫĻƽƽȴɢޱȵζ
һɵɫɽ֮ڣ嶸ȻһֱӴ֮׹䵽˴֮ϡ
򣡡
һ䵽ϣԦšɫȻɫɽڵķ򼲳۶ȥ
һڵϵСʯͷȻ֮䱬һͷ峤ߴףɢ溣ľ޴ʯݺһҧȥ
ǡɫٶȻǰһ޴Ļеצһ´Ǿ޴ʯǵĺ֮ڣǾ޴ʯǺһڳ
һͷʯɫס֣ǲǿ߹˵̴ӣҪǸҶң˾ԲŹģ
ǡɫֱӽһöʯǺķӡһϢ㽫һͷʯֱ֣ӷճɻҡ
ɱͷʯ֮ǡɫȻȫɽ֮ϼ۶ȥ
ɽΧһ±˲ޱȵսǹľӢΪɽ֮ϵı໥ɱ
ЩǰĹ澫Ӣһɱ̤һ߾߹澫Ӣʬʵǡ
ЩľӢǿ޼ɵһеҿ
̤ɽɽ֮󣬱㿴һŮǿ߼ͬһʱִɽһʥʿǿ߹
Χһۣǹһɽ֮ϵıҿˡ뿪͵Ƿһ飡򣬸ˣͳͳҪ
ʥʿǿߣֻܹ溣սȻԶԶһЩСʿǿ֮ϡkȻ޼ɵη塣
һĿ࣬òӢһЦһŤ¶һų׸ķԵޱȵһĲֵǲķۣͳͳҹ򣬾ȥ


1062 ɱ۷弶ǿ
ķۣǲķ֮ųһʱϣǿߣ
ķۣkǲ۷ǿߣ¸ӵ𼶵ǿ߸Ĵôǰ˵أ

ЩڽӽɽĹǿһǲķ۵ţʱ˵һ˼
ǲһĹҲһĿ⡣
ķۿǴʥľǿߣһǿϵػ񣬰ľ콾ӵгʿʵۼǱĿֲڡ
ҲֻһͨʥʿȻӵ溣ǿߵսȴ벨ķľ⡣
ȻǲķˣôҾ˳һɽ֮ϱᡣ
΢΢һΣֱӴɽ֮Ϸߣ˵һߣԹۣŲ֮ɫ
ܹײ֮Ϊkʮ֪ˡԼеǿ߻ǵѡkͲ֪ٴˡ
һһɫۣͷϳһʻԸеŮķȻˣɽ֮ϵıˡ
ϣʵԸŮҲ̤һֱ뿪ɽ
ûעʱƬѾһƬ֮С
ע⵽ƬҲ˿Ϊ⡣ַ֮Уʲô鶼пܷ
ķɨվɽ֮ϵһۣɱһţ㻹ȥ𣿡
浭ɽ֮ϵıҲܸȤҪһ䡾Դƾȡɣķۣ
ǼӵϣļӵϣȻƲķۣǵ죡
ҪɲǼΧ
ӵϾӵеƣڲķǰҲԲκʤ㡣

һֻ·ûһ˿滯ļӵϡ
ǿռӡ㽫Ƭռȫӡô˵뽫һ򾡣뱩¶Լʵݡ㲻ǹˣǱߡͨеƼǱߣӦǵĵˣսħڵǿߡ˿ûа־֮ɫӦսħ棡
ķΧһۣ˫۸ֳޱȵӡһ۾ͿΧ֮иֳռףƬĿռȫӡ
ʲôսħ棡
һǿߣսħڵ棿
˭
ǵĵˣʿ֮һǿʿ졣֮ǰոսΪ𼶵ǿߡ
ôĵӣȻǹ棡

ǹľӢǶʱɫ䣬޾ɱ⡣
Ȼ֮䣬Ũ֮Уâ΢΢һγɵĿֲеȻɳЩľӢǷȥЩ溣ӢǼսһ
⧲֮䣬жʮľӢЩֱնɱ
дĹ澫ӢǶ׷ʩչǿޱȵĹɱطɱһ
濪ڵķۣǴʥǿߣʧˡӦǲ۷ǿߡȻܹһۿҵĲã˲𡣡
ķųĿռ׶Ѿϵͳ֮УʥʿǿҲԷ֡ǲķһ۾ͿĲãʵ졣
ķ۵ֻЩ棬һ򼶵СʲôҸҿ⣬΢עһ£ͷ㶯ֽš棬Ϊһ䡾Դͱ¶ݣֵˣֻҪӳһǱΪͻᱩ¶ǹ潫֮أһͼıữΪС
ЦֻҪͳͳôһжû⡣
ķһĨɱһЦ㻹š治ӦñԽٴ˵ءѰ·
һâҫһ͸ӰȻֳ֣һɫεذףֱӴȥ
һɺڶȻ֣һ͸Ӱֱϯȥ
һ͸ӰһųޱȵĹâһ˫Ĵ֣ڶ֮ڣ·Ҫ˺Ѳһ㣬һĽǿֲĺڶֱӳſ
ǰĲķһķѣĭʧ
ĺڶ֮ڣ͸Ӱһȫ֣仯Ϊ˲ķ۵̬
ҿ
ķһŭӡ֣һǴһ򱶣˲仯Ϊһߴ׵ĿֲˣҪǺڶֱӳơ
һɺڶ֮һ¸ֳؿռŻŤաǲķα󣬶޷Ǻڶ
ֲ֮ǲķ۵֮ϣԴԴϵŲķ۵
ǲķһʥǿߣȻԴԴϵıɣȻָһһöȻ֡
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һ춯صľ֮УɺڶֱӱһöԱը÷顣
ɺڶһɲǣת壬һȭݻγһſֲޱȵǳǲķۺȥ
ķڵĲķһҺɵĹ塣вķǿ߶ͨˮ֮򡣲ķ۸Ǿͨˮ֮壬һ˲ݻγһƬ޾Ĵ󺣣ݻгɵǳֱ֡
ݷڣķݻγɵĴ󺣣ݻγɵǳȫɣʴ
̫ˣ̫֮ˣ
һɺڶǳ֮Ȼ֣һУķݻγɵĴһһ롣
ķɫ䣬ˮΪһ壬۳ɱ
һ̣һޱȵǳؿռŻԽʱⳤӴһɺڶһڲķ۵֮ϣһǲķۺķѣֱӱɺڶɡ
ôܱһڵϸɵҲ
ķ˫۳죬췢һһɴʥ۷ĿֲȻһ˲佫ͷŵɺڶֱ顣
һѣһγɵĳɫȻһ´˲ķ۵ڡ
ķۻһ±ǳ⡣
̺ĳɫ̳벨ķ۵ڣһ±øɱ

һޱȵĲҽ֮УǲķӲıѷ֮Уʧ
һĻҲͷƤ΢΢Щ顣
Ѫս֮ϵ̫ΣգʥǿҲѹɱûнʿʵ֮ǰѪս֮ϣвп䡣
һĨϧ֮ɫϧˣķۿһʥǿߡﶼǸѷ֮УΪѪսһ֡ȻҾܹһʡ
ķۿһʥǿߣ൱һƶ޴󱦲ءʵʵɵ൱ڵõһʥǿߵıأջ޴ޱȡ
˲ķۣĿһڹϣɭޱȵɱ
ǹҲһʥʿǿߣ൱һ޴ƶء


1063 ǿ
һʱͨ
Ѫս֮⣬ʥʿĿֲǿߣֻҪkģԴӴʥǿ
Ѫս֮ڣһó溣ͻᱻѪս֮ϵĸʴֱɱǲķ۱ɵһĻб˿־塣
ƣ
Ȼ𣬻һ⣬һɲֿ֮ռ֮ǰӶһ󽣺ݺݵնǿռ֮ϡ
ǿռڹһֱ֮ӱֻһ̣ʮؿռٴεӵطƬռȫӡ
վԭصʥʿǿߡͶңҵū͡ҿһ򣬽֮ء
ʮ׻ʮŹֱӹȥ
ת֮壬˻һ⣬ʮ֮ɴƽ棬ҵūͣԲܣ
һɲ֮䣬޾ĹâȻţžһȥ
νķ
ܽȻֳֽ֣֮ܵǰ
޾ľ֮ǽ֮ϣһ˿˿ǽ֮ܵķ첻
޾Ĺ֮У˹ķŭХ̩߽֮࣬ռ磡
ɽµŮǿһ¸ֳޱȵӡſռ壬һն
ɿռγɵĿռһ˲ֱӱնѿ¶һ޴Ŀռѷ졣
˵֮мѴտռǿռĳ㾫ͨռ壬һͨռļѴ岻ǿߡ磬ףҪɱ㣬ҲѡϧҲעҪ
һѷһָռӿǱնѵĿռѷֱĨƽ
ʮҫ̩߽ȥ
̩߽֮пռӿһռ֮ն׵Ļ֮ϣһֱܼնѣͬһͬʵ÷飬ռ֮ڡ
Ȼ㲻Ը⽵Ǿȥɣ
ǰһͬ齵̤ʱָһţһһеĿֲڶȻ֣أϯķ
ľԷ׷ױɺڶ֮ڣγһΡ
棬ͬھɣ
һĨâУһʥʿȻ˲һɺڶһֻѹصֱӺȥ
浭ĮһЦ
ʮܽȻɳֳֽ֮ܵǰ
ʮ֮໥ӣһųޱȵĹâγһ޶ܵڹγɵĴ֮ǰ
ݺһǾ޶֮ϣǾ޶һ飬ͬʱһ׵ľ޶ֱ顣
ǵܽױɷһ˲䣬տѣγɵĳɫȻһ´˹֮С
ʵԶԶ粨ķۣһɲǣͱǳɫʴøɱֱѷ֮ʧ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ʥʿǿ߹Ȼý
ʥʿǿ߳һЩֺ˶֮⣬󲿷ֵĶһɵǿߡÿһͬһʱ֮֮еšرЩʥʿɢޣѲߵһһĸȻô׽
߿һۣ̩߽࣡㲻ƴһ⿪Լķӡò𼶵˵лɵҡ
棬뿪ҿԵʲôûз飬Ҳκϡ
һƬռ΢΢Ťֳ̩߽Ρ
ʿ໥ɣͽ׵ǿ߼ĩһľעҪ໥ɱһ󲿷ա
֮սУʥʿǿѾѡءѡ֮Уǳս̩߽ʮʥʥʿɢǶ㵽һЩƫƧĵطͬԴӲд
ڹ֮УƫƧĽ䶼ַͨʽ
䵭ܣ̩߽࣬Ҳ뱩¶ԼݣԽǲֻ·һ
·ЩľӢϵеսΧ֮£һֱӸɵ
ЩľӢһһδЩϵеս˶֣ЩϵеսΧ֮£һֱӴ򱬺޷֮
̩߽һӣһռ֮ն֮УЩдʮ溣Ӣǰ֮гһѷ졣
ָһĨӲһռѷֱĨƽ
ʮȻ֣̩߽ȥ
̩߽΢΢һ̾Χһ¸ֳؿռŻͼȿռ֮ڡ
һģһؿռŻһŤ¶̩߽Ρ
ʮһ³̩߽ߣӶս˷̩߽նȥ
̩߽൱ϵͶҿΪЧǧ꣡ǧ֮㻹ɡӦҾͬ⵱ˣΪЧ
ʮһͣסֳս̩߽ͣҪ
ãҿʥǿߵر֮ǰίһ£ҷӡ
ǿԿʥʿǿߵرʮϡ٣ÿһֶΪǡħ񱦵䡿֮мŵħӡԲݸʥħɲطʱֻװΪħӡǿ¡
̩߽䵭ã
һָӡγһһ´̩߽ڣȫʴӡ̩߽ࡣ
ֽһȿռ֮ڡ
ȿռ֮ڣħܺԪȲʵ֮⣬һһʵһ޶¡ӵǳεĴ󺣺ɳ̲ɵһӡ
̩߽һѹĹ溣ǿǸ޷֮ͱȫɵ
ɵеľ֮󣬲ֽǡԴֱժ¡
ǡԴһժ£޾Ķ˷ӿһͻɽĽ磬Ƭȫɡ
һˡԴһʴɫ䣬һͬһһƶȥ
һָһĿռȻǰ֡
һһ´ǲĿռ֮ڣʧ˿ռ֮С
ûһ⣬һǳ֮ȥ
һɳǿǳͿŶĳӡǳ֮ӿǳڹ·ʲôаֲĴڣһ³Ѫս֮ڡ
ɨǿǳһۻǱ̲ľۺ壬֪ᵮʲôаڡϧôҲעǱˡ
Ѫս֮ϣ˹ǿߵꡢѪ⡢֮󣬽ᵮһԻΪεĹһǰϵĿֲڡ


1064 ǳ
Ǹôǿһȴkıֻбˡ֮УѹһСǸ㵮ҲʿʵһĹֻҪ֣߳ȫԽǹɱ
ȻѪս֮вд䲢ֹͣΪkֻһЩ汾ԴдĶ䡣û˼룬ֻܹƾ豾¡
һʯıȻ֣һָȥ
΢΢һΣһǸֱӷȥ
һ죬֮ڣŸ޾塣
֮⣬౻ʴĹ澫ӢЩʴĹ澫Ӣһʵ˷츲صı仯඼ɢʿĿֲ
һЩʴĹ澫Ӣֱ˱ᣬԸ֮
Ѫս֮УŶ䣬ն˼㣬ûʲôʹõԴ
ͬʱս֮ϣѺۣ߼ǿ߽µĿռ֮ˡһѺۣ溣ǿ߾Ի˲仯ɻҡ
Ѫս֮ϣǰսƵıս֮ϣЩѾʴ˸ָײйĹ
ѹһЩ֮ȴЩֻͶûһõļֵЩĲϽṹѾ˸ı䣬ʺʹá
Ѫս֮УΪıǸַԼոַɵġԴ
õһ䡾Դһдһ˿Դ֮һ䡾Դ꽫ٴɱһžżϵʵһ
ʮ䡾Դʾܹȫɱ䣬׾żϵȣﵽߵ͵ޡ
ǡԴĸ涼ме䱦߼ǿҲҪֱ
ΪˣѪս֮ƶޱȣΣأȻľӢǰ˵أѰ
Сӣվסϵıﶼͳͳ
һȻǰһ³һ߰ףֳһ޴Ŀʯˡ
һ˿˿ޱȵıӿһֻذͬһıֱӴȥ
һЦѪս֮ڣһƶ⣬ǾǽѪս֮еľӢȷ뷨ϧҡ
һֲֿޱȵĺڶȻֱ֣һ̣һͨɱ֮Ĵ̿һ˽ȥ
ɺڶڹһһҽɺڶ֮䡣
һͷĿͬһСɽһʯɫ䣬ſһ硣
ʮ״Сʯ˴ʯ˵Ŀ湥ȥ
һͷͬһСɽһ޴ʯһΣȻˣԶȥ
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һָһȿռŻһʯ˵ǰ򿪣һһͷʯֱ˽ȥ
һȿռŻȻǰ֣һͷʯ˱ǰ
һɺڶһ½ͷʯ֣΢΢һһͷʯ˱ֱӻɻңֻʣ´ﱦ
ɺڶڹһֲޱȵ֮һеʯϣеʯͳͳɺڶ֮ڣ΢΢һΣ㻯ҳ
һϻЩöǵ˺üΡʲô
ǿĴﱦ֮΢΢һɨʱ۾һһöƵһ³С
һöƵһ֣еʯıһųޱȵĹâһöƵֱɡ
ʯıһ¸ֳصӡøӵĪ⣬˸
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Ȼ֮䣬һΪ֮Ťһ˿˿ɫĹâԶڶӴޱȵĶӴ֮ڶγһεޱȵıֱ
εޱȵıһ֣ԲﶼһѪɫı˪֮ڣеĶ䶼Īı֮ȫᡣ
ǡǳ˵֮Уһ֮˪սĲд汾ԴγɵĴڡ֮˪ȡǸıԴ֮һͻƣΪߡǽһöǳѩһԽʥʿ
һһֱεһһĨ֮ɫ
ǳ̺֮һ˿汾Դ֮ǡǳ̺֮ŵ汾Դ֮ɱġԴҪٱֹȻǡǳҲֻ˱壬ʵѾﵽ˰ʥǿ߲ܹ
ȻѾܾûʯѩ棬ʯѩʣĺ֣ھѾӵаʥϵΪ
΢΢һΣǡǳȥ
ֹѾұ˪̤ߣ
һ𷢱ۣһѩɫսףü֮ӵһѩױʯı˪ǿȻֳ֣һֱָȵ
кâߣ
һ˿˿ռ䲨ҫʮ״ȻɳǱ˪ǿֱӷȥ
Ϯ
һ˪溣ǿɫ䣬һ·һХ
һâҫǧ˪溣ǿߴ˷߸
Ǳ˪溣ǿֳִһӣѩ裬˿ĿֲɱЩƮ
Щѩһ´Щ׵ϣʱһһ⡣
һ΢΢һдϱ΢΢һʣ㽫Ǳ顣
һ³Ǳ˪ǿǰӵǱ˪ǿնȥ
Ǳ˪ǿɫ΢΢һ䣬ѩγһѩ磬ػ
һҫһѩӲıնƬ׳û˽ȥӵǱ˪ǿߵ׼ն¡
ϵеս˱ųγһֲޱȵĸһ·ѹնɱ·˪ǿߡ
еܣսħڵ棡
սħڵˣ
սħڵǱ棡

Щ˪ǿһǿֲޱȵĻеٿڻе֮дӵŵ棬ɫ䣬
һϣָɵսħ棬˭ɱǱ˪ԶһԴ˽Ϊǿߡ
ǡǳ֮д˱˪὾
ɱ
ɵǾܹΪ𼶵ǿߣ
棬ǿһ֮ӣɵ֪ܹöˣ

ЩԶȴڱ˪ƵǿһĨ˷֮ɫһ߸
ĹֱӺȥ
һټֳֽ֮ܽεĵǰеĹͳͳס
汾ûг֣ӴޱȵĻеͽǰı˪ǿͳͳ飬һͨеĵ·
ͬһ޵еoһ㣬Ǹֹս֮ϣԼҳϵĲػ֮£ǡǳ֮ǰ


1065 ս˪
һޱȵɫ֮ǡǳ֮֮лһȥ
ʮܽ׵Ǳ֮ǰֳֽ֮ܣйγһ޴ޱȵĶǰ
һɫ֮һһ֮ϣʮֹĴһ޴ĶƣǶʮܽһһᡣ
Ŀ΢΢һָһţһɺڶȻ֣գɫ֮Ӳȫɡ
꣡
һ֮УɺڶǱɫı֮Ӳı
ǿޱȵ֯һŤ
ܹҵȫһ棬ʵ
ǡǳǰ˪ӰȻ𷢷һɫĹһɫĹɫӡγɵĹͬһ߸ϵı˪֮
濴ǻ˪֮ı˪ӣҲһĨ֮ɫ
Ǳ˪Ǳ˪һʱǿߣǹһ֮ľ콾
ǹ֮Уܹ˪ӲеһǿҲֻʮˡʮ˶ܵ˵֣ʿħ֮һĴڡ
˪д˰ɨһ۵棬ҵˣΪЧҫ򣬴ӽͷǽΪղƷһ걾
Ц˪ӣƾ㣬ûʵ߻ü±Ƴɱ걾˾ˡ
˪ǹ֮һ˪ľ콾ͬҲǴӱ˪֧֮УɱӱĹ֮еĹǿҪɵһߵı˪Ҳûмɰա
ܺãɹŭˣ¼Ķɱɣ
˪ɫһָһţһꪡȻ֣һָ
Ǳ˪Χ˪裬ӡ֣ɲ֮䣬Χ¶˲½һȡ
һѩˡѩǡѩܡѩѩѩ֮Ȼ֣·Ҫȡʵһ㣬Ȼ֡
ѩĳ׷Լߵϵսֱӹȥ
ǹѩ֮֮Уϵеսǹޱȵı֮ʴ֮£غĵٶȷ½ҲȻһı֮ϣ·𱳸һɽ粽С
Ǳѩ֮еѩ峬Ȼȥʮֿɰһȴױ֮սǿЩϵеսɱ˿·磬ӲĽһܼϵеս˶ᣬ顣
Ǹޱȵѩ֮֮У綼ų棬޾ı֮һ˷˼ĽǶӿ֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬ͱһı
˪أĬģһָһޱȵӡǱ֮ϻ֡
Ǳ˪ʩչľһŸӡǱ֮ȫ֣ۼǿҲᱻֱӷӡı֮г߲ѡ
¡
ǵһӡոո֣һޱȵǳǱ֮бһ㽫Ǳȫ顣
Ǳ֮߳һ㺮˪֮ϣɫҲ΢΢Щףһ˿˿תҪγһޱȵӡ
¶һ˿أĶԶı˪ӣ֮ɫǱ˪ӣȻkʵֻ²ͬ׵ĳ֮һӵĴУĴоȻ滹ǿ£
˪ҲһĨ֮ɫеİȫȥȵս⣺ʵȻǿᣬȻܹҵġ֮ʿ֮Уϣǿߡ
˪Ǳ˪֮֮ӱľ콾kͬɱkȻΪ˰ȴҲаıǮͬ׵Ĵ֮ʱȴԲӶԷ
棬Ͷɣҵġѩ硿֮󣬾עҪµĴУÿһӵнǿߵǱkڽҵġѩ硿֮󣬶ҵı걾ղƷ
ʵǿҹȥ´ƣҵġѩ硿ʹѾˣʧעˣΪҵı걾ǾͳҡһҫʿҲԻ⣬ΪĹ壡˪ӵ
Ҫҡҵûõģ˪ӡôġѩ硿
ȻһЦһ¸ֳռ䲨ȻƬ֮и֡
Щһ֣ͬȳһѩ硿
ԴԴϵıѩ֮Щֱɣkǵ
һеһöħħʱҫһ貵ĹâȫڵġװȻ֡
ֳֺɫսꪣ̤ʱⳤӣʱټű˪ֱӷȥ
ѩ湥ѩ죬硣
һ˿˿ռҫһһܵȻ֮зɳЩѩһ
˪һĨ֮ɫĬģеġꪡһָ
貵ɫӡ֣ѩ֮еȡǡꪡϷ
һ̣ǡꪡʮֹź󷽿һֱ֮Ӵȥɲ֮һɫս֮ϡ
޾ı̺֮սײһֹ໥
Ǳ˪ӱһɳٹҲһ㺮˪͸ǵĺγӡͬӵһ㣬֮ȥ
һɺڶȻ֣΢΢һ㽫Ǳ֮γɵӡȫɡ
̤ʱⳤӣǰһԽһȿռŻڱ˪ǰһǱ˪Ӵȥ
Ǳ˪ҲԥӶս湥ȥ
¡¡
֮ҵ𶯲ϣ·ضΪ֮˺ѣǿ֮սԶԶͨ溣ǿ֮ϣʿ֮սҲû˿ֲ
Ǳ˪ӻ棬·𶼽溣ӵ˼ޡÿһν֣϶һ˿˿˺ۡ
¡
һѩ֮£󲿷ֵȫɣ綼Ϊ֮
Ǳѩ˪ӹϵޱȣǱѩһ˲䣬Ǳ˪΢΢ͣһ˲ɫһףһ˿Ѫӵk
Ұܰɣ
һ˺գûֱӴǱ˪ӵ֮ϣһǳȻըѣӲĽ˪ըɣƬѪӱ˪ӵ֮ء
ЩѪһأ㱻Ǳ鲼սĶֱɣʴһֵֹۺ塣
棬㼤ŭˣʶһ
˪һĨŭɫָһţʮöɫȻɳɢһ˿˿ֲĲ


1066 ܱ˪
˪ӻֳһööޱȵӡʮöȫںһ
ʮöųɫĹâ΢΢һɫӡâҫγһɫսס
˪Ŀ⵭Įһָ
ˮ֮巢һſɴˮɵĴˮȻ֣һޱȵĹȫܵĿռ䣬ѹȥ
һĨ֮ɫǡװâţĳȡʥ˵һɺڶȻ֡
һɺڶڰ䣬·ܹһУʱ䡢ռǰҲѲ˱ɵˣһſŴˮǳֱѹȥ
һſŴˮǳһ±ɺڶȫɡ
һɲ֮䣬ɺڶǲϵһ̱㱻ֱʴ
ǳһ±仯ΪһԽ绯ŵġħˮϯ
ɫ΢΢һ䣺ã˪ĵ·ˮ֮壡
һ֮Уκһʿʵϵǿ߶ӵвͬĵ·ڹ֮У֮˪Ѿռݡ֮˪˸ɵκ˶޷ԱΪʿʵۼǿߡ
Ǳ˪Ǳ˪֮еţ֮˪ط֮⣬ͬٳһ·ƿˮ֮壬Ҫˮ֮Ϊʿʵۼǿߡ
ˮ֮Ǳ˪Ϊǿ
ˮںϣ磬ʴ£
˪˫֮кâӿһת㲻壬һ¸ֳĪӡ
ǱԼˮ֮໥ںϣһſſʴһеġħˮ֮Уһ̺һ˿˿ֲޱȵĶֲֿ׵ںϣȫԽʿǿ׶
ҲһĨأת㲻壬ֳصӡһʱⳤȻ֡һž޴ޱȵǳһ̺޾صĿռŻ֡һɺڶǡħˮѹȥ
ǡħˮʱⳤӡǿռŻʴǾ޴ǳûɺڶһ
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ǿײһտѡ
֮ѿһγɵɣȴ˿ҲĿꡣ
滹Ǳ˪˫Լ溣ޡȻʥʿսʶս֮ϣȴȻ溣ޣ겨Ҳkطڣֻɢ溣
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һʮν֮ұ۱ֱӺɣֲĶͬƹ֮һĴʴ롣
Ǳ˪ӵǱֱӺɷ飬ӡγһССɺڶŵkѪ⡣
˵Ϣһ±˥ܾˣ˭ҲûȫռϷ硣
ſһȣһűķβȳһ»һѩ֮ʸͷ­ȥ
ָһ㽫Ǳ飬ű˪ӣ֮ɫǹľ콾֮һ˵ȳ֮ҪǿһЩ
Ǳ˪Ӿ֮ͨˮ֮壬ͬʱ㲻طգ֮⣬Ų֪ǿޱȵĹɱƴȫҲֻܹ溣ǿһkսƽ֡
ȻҲѪս֮޷õۼرйءѪս֮⣬Զáʱ֮顿롾ꪡۼرȫлشǻɱı˪ӵĻᡣ
˪ӳźͽ֮ʿڰʿʵۣǸųʿʵۣұȵkǿȻ顣һʱңҲһʱԵǶ۷壬ΰڡһ֮ʿʵۣôᲢۣ
Ŀ亮ϧÿһʱǶֻһԣ˪ӣֻܹȥˡ
һԵһǧعһ·ڹâҫһޱȵĹ֮ű˪ֱӺȥ
ɣб¾ͺҹƽһս
˪ɫ䣬ĬģһޱȵӡȻ֣ǡħˮγһϡ
ع׹ȫһһħˮγɵı֮ϣǱ˲顣
汾̤ʱⳤӣһ¼屶ûһ³ڱ˪֣һꪹᴩ˱˪ӵķ˱˪ӵڡ
˪Ӷʱ˲ըѣһƬ̺űˮġħˮϯȥ
һɺڶȻ֣ǰǡħˮȫɡ
棬£ҼסˣһΣҾԻȡ㹷
һɫĹâ΢΢һǱ˪ӱ㻯һԶȥ˲ʧԶ
˪ܹΪ˪ΨһӣսˣֱͬҲʮһսʤ棬ϵѡ˵ء
˪ǰ;ԶӵнʿʵۼǿߵǱľ콾ȻԸѪս֮ƴܾˡ
һâҫǱ˪ǿǶ׷ʩչط롣
ЩеɱɾĹ澫ӢҲ׷˷Ӵܡ
ǡǳ
תһ޴ıȥֻǸߴһǧľ޴룬һöȭͷСӡǳ
һӡǳǱǳһı֮Դ壬߶Ϊ֮ı
һӣֱ߱Ǳ֮ϡ
ߵķ֮£Ǳʱܼٶʧ
Ĭģת֮һָһ֮γɵӡһû˱֮ڡ
ʥʿͨ򣬺޶̰塣ҲʥʿǵĻԡʥʿ˵ֻҪ΢ķһʱܹɵһַ򣬲Ҫĳ̶ȣҪķѾ޴ʱ䡢
һűǳһɱ֮γɵӡʱųһâ޴ıֱգһɫĹâһ·С
ֽһöǳֱӷӡһöĿռ䱦֮ڡ
һܼϵеս߷սƷС
ûʲôмֵսƷ
ɨЩսƷһۣһĨź֮ɫ
Щ溣Ӣϵı󲿷ֶǶ溣ǿмõıʥʿ˵ô
ű˪ϢķĿһۣһĨ֮ɫӡŮ˪˲ǹľ콾ʵȻǿޱȡҪԶԶڵk֮ϣ벻ϵĽС
ǲӡŮ˪˶ǹľ콾κһ˳Ժɨһʱ޵УΪһʱǡ
໥ɣʿ֮г˶ħ֮ʡǿߡǱʿܼ߰Ĺͬ˲ӡŮ˪ǿߡ
֮⣬Ϊҫ֮󻹴Ӽ֮е֪ǹ֮У֮еĹǿҲʼѣҪɵĻᣬߡ


1067 Ҫ
һƬƬŨԲʮȫڣκη޷߷һС
ҳŨԵ˷ϯȥ
һҳڷɳ֮΢΢һŤ仯Ϊһĺ徫Ӣ
Ӧûˡ
㷨γɵӡ֮һʣϲŵ֮ͳͳնϡκҪͨѰҵ漸ܡ
һʯıȻ֣âҫָѪսһȥ
֮һƬ䡢γɵĳɫǰ
䡢γɵĳɫ룬һɢŹϡϢǳ
һͷʮһ߼ʵľ޴еҪһŹϵǳϷ·һŹǳİһ㡣
Ǿ޴ޱȵĻеҪ֮ϣǶŸǿޱȵĳ׼оͷɢŰۼֲĳ׼
ǻеҪ룬Ƕһͷ·һ㣬ߴʮ׵ľˡǾ˫ȴǿӡһɿֲ׵Ĳֱ·ҪѪսֱƿ
濴һ޴ޱȵĻеҪһĨâʯսҪشߵսȫʢ֮ʱǶһߵʬϧʯջǱˡ
ʾʯڵܼ֮ʯͬӵһػ
ֻǵ콾һĽȡ취Լʯ֮ʵǿޱȣýԴڲ䣬ɱѹšԭܼͬ໥ɵս֮УʯҰܡ
ʯ˵kΪսҪشۣȻǿֱӹ
ǡҪҲһս֮˺գʧҲһֱҲټ
һɵǡҪһ׵ľ֮⡣
ǡҪΧһ곤ŮӵĻһ˫ۣ֮ɭޱȵɱ⣬Ķ档
شߵľ
ͣס˽ŲûмҪһ곤ŮӵĻɢһ˿˿ʥһʥʿĳֲ
һ곬ֲǶѹʱ棬Եֵ
һˣһ˿˿ޱȵ߻ƣһ֮䣬ԭʧԭء
ǡҪ
һϲԶһǿߴԶһǡҪķȥ
һɲ֮䣬һǿ߱˾롾Ҫ֮ڣһðһ˿˿̣Ѫ⡢һıջһɫûǡҪ֮ڡ
һֻžֻ۾ħ׼һֻ۾֮еĹâ΢΢Ϩ¶˼Цݡ
֮һ溣ǿ߱һ·ǡҪڲһɫеһжǡҪɡ
վԭؾĿţһľӢͬɶ˻һɵǡҪߣǡҪɡ
һ°ɣ
һᣬ΢΢һһܼʴ׻һŨǡҪֱӷȥ
ʮʴһ롾ҪķΧ֮ڣҪ֮ڣһߵĹ׼ſһ
һɺڶȻ֣Ƕʮʴһ֣ͳͳУ΢΢һʣ㽫Ƕʮʴͳͳ飬ȥ
΢΢һ̾ȻУʴֻܹԸЩѹĴڡһҪֻӵԼ־
һЩıһ㶼˹ܵĴڣûʹҲܹӳֲޱȵ
ǡҪȫʢʱ㼶Ŀֲսر㱻شȻӵпֲޱȵôױʴ
ĬĬѪս֮ҲĻԵʺҵģʯĿƼĻԵԷʯĿƼԲܹ
һɫĹâҫԶһ·һһ֮еĴڡ
һһ֮еĴһ½䵽ǡҪʯĩòǰϣܹʯʥؽܴСΰġҪһ·ǰʯʥء
ǡҪľۼǿ׼֮Уһ·һ澵һĳ׼âһһɫĹâǺƵǿȥ
ɫĹâ֮£ǿϵĺһ±¶һһͷɫĻԸУòΪʳľɫŮ
һ˿˿ѪγһӡǾɫŮ֮и֣Եù֮
Ǿһĳ׼¶һ˿Цʯĩ᣿һѪҲʯŲǲ뿪Ҳɱ㣡
òһ¹ڵϣͬžѪǡҪҪˣʯĩܵǵȺÿ춼˱ɱΪںڰ֮ʹþһ󷢴ȱӴ˵뿪Ϊһػˣ
ʯĩ뱾޹ءΨһЧҵĶҵ֮ˡ֮֮󣬱Ѿ֮ܵκ֮ڴ˵أֻΪ֮ԸΪһ֡
òȣֻԸ׷ǿߡʯĩȫڱǰҲܻñıӻܹ֤ͨԼӵʸΪˡôҲûá
ҪĮĸòȣ
ò֮һĨҪˣԸμҲμΪˣ
Ҫնòȵһ˿ϣУ㲻ʸ񡣵һֻ߼ϵȣϾżµȵҪ󡣵ڶ˰ǧ꣬Žӵ򼶵̫μʸûдﵽɲ׷һ
ôǷʸ
һף绪ķŮϴЦݴ֮һ߳ǡҪǰ
òȱҲǼûʲôȱľɫˣŮȣһΪ˳к컨Ҷ
Ҫ䵭ǹˡҺ֮˵ԼʯĴоԲܹˡ
ŮʵǣûʸΪ˵
ҪʾżеȣǧͽΪ𼶵ǿߣʣҵ֮ҲضáвΪʸ񡣡


1068 ɱ
ôʸμӳΪ˵𣿡
һҫһ˿˿һòӢףɢһɰϷӴ֮߳ǡҪǰ
ҪڵʾżеȣǧͽΪ𼶵ǿߡҲʸΪ˵
Ů֮һĨ⣬ҫħʣҪ᡾Ҫ𣿡
òȵһϷӣϲ֮һĨ־֮ɫҫħʣǸڰ벽֮նɱһǿߵҫħʡ
ҫħǹİɵ֣ǹǿ֮һҲŮͬһĹＶǿߡ
ҫħĿڷŮ΢΢һЦŮıҶø㡣⡾ҪСȱʱ򣬿һʵ֮
֮ǿǱȵۼرҪϡٵĴڣûı嵱߿ƼᾧҲֻǵۼر֮һ޴ĵȼ
ҪӦñ˸ʸΪˣΪҲǹˣ
һ˿˿ҫ֮߳¶˱ĿǡҪ֮ɫ
ŮĿ΢΢һ棬սħ棡
ҫħкâһɱӿǸ˳֮ת֮սħ棿ǹ죬ȻǱ棬ǵĻԵ
ɫâҫγһϵħſֲޱȵɱ⣬ȥ
һɴȻ֣ϵħֱɡϵħɴ֮вϵȴ޷ɺڶʮ֮ϵħͱȫɣֱա
ҫħһ䣬ûм֣ȻЩ£
ǡҪѾҫħʣһkκ춯ȴkĽǡҪһ
û㲻ǹˡ˸ʸΪҵˣҵ˱ǿĴڣͬ޵е˾ͽɣֻǿ˲ܹΪҵˣ
Ҫһʮֻ۾ĳ׼ֻ۾â΢΢һĵâһ˵ϡ
һ±ǹâҫˡҪ֮ڡ
һƬտޱȵ֮Уһµǰ
һǿտ֮𣺡ʯۣͨɰ塣ܵkͨһء
ϣȥ
ͶӰɨһָۣһţһ޴ĺڶȻ֣̺ѹȥ
Ȥʲô£
кâһţָһţһ޴ĺڶ֣ͬ۵ɺڶ໥
ڶ໥ɡƿصһڶȴһı۵ɺڶһʴ
ԭˣʱ䡢ռ䡢ְ壬Ĺ࣬ɰһ֮ϣۻ硣
ǸڶıҲһ˿Ǵʥļϵ㣬Լɰ塣
ǿ߶ֻһְֻ壬ΪkǶҪķѴʱ;Լյİ¡
Щ֮Уͼӵжְղ֮ͬȨܣﵽսͬ޵еĵز鶼ὫԼյķǺְ룬ĵһְ֮ȨܣŸ۷ʵǡ
ְ壬ģոİ塣һְͻԾͨ
ʱ䡢ռ䡢ɰÿһְ۶ǿİ壬ͬʱְȻרһɰ۲һء
¡
ڶɺڶձ
ɺڶһ˲䣬һʱⳤȻ֣Χʱһ屶
һɺڶٴθ֣۵ɺڶ˺һ
ƾǴʥĿֲÿʱÿ̶ܹ۵Ĺ֮ѧɰİ൱ڶһͨɰʦ
ӳ֮УǳԽԼۼսɰǰĵ·
֮
ɺڶֲ֮£һ޷ѹһ
л㣬Ҹһ
΢΢һһ¸ֳһʱⳤӣٶȻ屶ͷȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǰ˫ֻһſǳۺȥ
ͬײоףڶ֣ɰ巢ӵ˼ޣϵĺڶ
˫սڰǧУһȭ۵࣬һȭ顣
ְͨ壬㲻ԭͱͬ׵ʤɰһ֮ӵѹ۵ʵ
۱һ˲䣬âһ±ա̺ɰ֪ʶҲֱա
ޱȵĹâ¶һ˿ЦݣһεջǾ޴󣬹۵ɰ֪ʶѾУ
ʥʿ֮ʿܹ֮սΪıͱԽԽ١
ЩǿǶˣҪһʮѡܹ۵ɰ֪ʶȷʵһ޴ޱȵĻԵ
òϷ潫ۺɱ֮ǲţǸ˾Ȼۺɱˡô˵ǱʱҪǿôˣ
ʯ֮ʵǿʿʵۼǿ֮һưһʱ޵С
֮֮ʱҲֻµһӡ
һ֮У⵽شֱ䡣֮ûһ·ڻԵɺ֮³Ϊߣ֮ϡ
֮ҲԼʿʵ֮ʱͬ۵Ķ֡澹ȻۺɱֻǺɱ溣ǿ߼ۣҲѾ졣
Ҫ֪ʯ֮֮ʱһ·ͬǿߣͬһʱľ콾նɱ֮֮ʱУ۷Ϊkĳӡ
һâ΢΢һ㱻͵һƬտޱȵĿռ֮ڡ
ǿռ֮ڣվˣǷŮԼҫħʡ
ҫħɨһۣһЦһǵ졣̫ˣ
΢΢һݣǰˣȻʵľ콾
һͬһսҲɰٴνְ֮ͬʱòŻɱk
Ůһʼɣ
ҪΪҵˣֻǿߡһ˽սʣµһ˾ҵˡȣҫħʺ˽һս
һâҫһǿߺǹɵľȻ֣΢΢һҫħֱ˽ȥ


1069 ҫħ
ҫħһЦ棬ʿ֮һʱɫšעΪҵ̤ʯΪҽ
ϻ̫ˣ
һеġħħâ΢΢һһ׺ɫս׶ʱȫǡ
һʱⳤȻΧ֣̤ʱⳤӣֳսꪣһꪺݺݴ̳˺Ѳ񷣬·ᴩʱռһ㣬ҫħʴȥ
ҫħؿһ·ɳһöɫӣӡ֣һ±仯Ϊһɫսȫ
ϣ
ҫħâ׹ҫһɫ׹һ׹ݻγһֲ׵ѹȥ
¡¡
ǺǾ֮Уֲıը֮ڶ
̶һ֮䣬˫ͽֳһΣֲ˺ѡһǾ֮ڣҲޱȵĹâӡֵ֣ǿ֮Ľ֡
òվһƬտ֮أҫħʽ֣г𺧣򼶵սǺǿߣҲδǵĶ֡Щһǹ
òҲһ溣ǿ߼ǿߡҫħĹֻбɱķݡ
¡
һǳ飬ֲһ˲佫ҫħֱɳٹ
һҫħʣ浭ҫħʣ̶ֻȣ̶ȣ㲻ϡ
ֻóɵսϣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
ҫħһĨâһųޱȵɫ׹⣬׵ӡɳֱڵkͷ۳һֻ׽ǣڵkıγһ
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ҫħâһ»һ̺Ż֮һСʴһеǳѹȥ
ҫħѾϵħװ˼ޣϵħװ֮ϣھ£ǰ޹ˡ
һǳȻҫħ溣ǿ߼ΪƶɾһЩƵİʥǿ߱ɫǳУҲˣɻҡ
Ȥ
һĨ˷֮ɫת㲻壬һʱⳤӡһȲĿռŻһŽʵ֮䣬ڶֵǳһǿǳȥ
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һǳֻһ˲˲ķѣըѿֲޱȵ׹ⱻһɺڶֱɡ
һֲޱȵɺڶһ˲㽫ҫħС
عӡɺڶ֮ӿҫħʧһ˲ûkڣҫħʷӡһ˲
һ˲䣬Ӵޱȵҫħӿɺڶֱա
ͬھɣ
ҫħɫȻ䣬һԼĴһĨ֮ɫڲķӡһ򿪣һʥʿĿֲѹա
һɺڶҲ΢΢һ
Ȼ۵֪ʶɰ֮ϸһ溣ĺڶԲѹһʥʿǿߡ
ҵľ֮ڣ빫ƽһս
Ǿ֮УˡҪһīӡӴ֮ӿһ´ҫħʵڡ
ҫħʵĲʥһ±ϣʵ͵溣ǿ֮
ҫħһ´˺ѷΣʵĺ֮Ҳǹĳڰ֮ӣôطҲģҲģ
һ֮ҫħʾͱɺڶֱ˸ʬ
ҫħʱϾһʥʿĿֲǿߣȻ˸ʬȻԴԴϵǾ߸ʬ֮ӿûڡ
˫֮ӡҫǾɰһĽҫħϵħװ룬γһöϵħװɫ塣
ȥʮʮҹҫħʲűȫɻңʧ
Ϊֻܹ溣ǿ߼ҫħʵͰ塣ܹʥʿ򲻻ʱôá
ɨеɫ΢΢һһöϵħװĴоҪҪգ
ϵħװǿޱȣҫħмΪֲڲ֮ǰһδɱ䣬ҪҫħҲûô򵥡
΢΢һ㽫ͷնϣˣҽʿʵ֮оİ塣ӦľǽԼյİޡ
յĴ嶼áĴ嶼ûޣոİ岻İ
һսŮ
һâ΢΢һǷŮϡ
һâҫŮֱӳǰ
ŮȻһЦɷ棬һ߶ûУעΪֻҪͶǷ壬Ƿٻ֮ǹʮʥ֮Уа˴ʥͶĴ塣ǳǷ壬ΪǷЧǹһʥҲǲܣ
浭ջ顣ϧҵĿǳΪߣ㲻࣡ôȻֺ룬ҲһͶ߽ߡ
ڹ֮У߶ǹ塣Ͷǿ߽ʿʵۼɾԲkǽߡ
Ϊһ˽ΪߣζŻֱǿΪ档߾Բ֡
źѡ˴ѡԣֻܹˡ
Ů΢΢һ֮̾һĨϧһһɫĿƬһ³֮С
֮
ǡҪһ´һޱȵǺǾһһֻ޴ޱȵĺ֮ץס˷Ůһɲ˲䱬ҪŮֱ󱬡
һɫĿƬâ΢΢һһɫӰȻ֣ӲĽǺֵ֮ס
һдնǺ֮ϣǺ֮һնϡ
ӡҫǺֶ֮ʱʧ
ϧһ㣡
Զʮ֮⣬ŮվһƬγɵĺ֮У΢΢һ֮̾һĨϧ֮ɫ
ѪսϷһɫȻ֣·Ҫѹ̮
֮
ΰ֮

Ѫս֮ǿһһɫɫ䣬һڵϣ
֮ǿ߳ʥʿǿ֮⣬˶ڵ֮еɫĤݡ
ǹػκδڼkǶĤݡֻʥʿǿʸվkǽ̸
һɫһ֣΢΢һһɫĹâҫǿɱʥǿߵѪսͱһɫĹâ˺ѿ
һֻɫĴִǡҪķץȥ
Ѫս֮Уտѣ⡢γɵ׷ױһֻɫĴϯȥ
䡢γɵһӴֻɫĴ־ͱһɾǿ飬Ӵɫֵı嶼첻


1070 ֮
ǿߣ򷨲֣䡢ⶼ޷˺kǷֺ
ǡҪ֮ڣͨһֻգѹصɫ֣г𺧡
Ѫս֮е䡢ⶼΪֲ׵ɱһʥǿߡ
ķһʥ۷ĿֲǿߣһػѪս֮Уͬһ㱻ЩͶֱɱ
һֻɫľûʹκηѪս֮ϵ䡢ͱֱ飬ֱŵ˼㡣
ڹ֮У޵Сȼ浮֮ʹڵľ֮⣬ûһطܹ˺kǡ
ǡҪ֮ϵһһ˫ۣӡڵk˫֮и֡
һѣ䡢֮ѿԴԴϵӿˡҪ֮еľС
һֻʮף̺޾սìȻ֡
ǡҪ֮һ׼âһ˫ۣһɿֲĲǡҪ֮иա
ǡҪľ˴Ҫ֮һֳѪսսìһ´һֻɫľ֡
¡
ֱ֮ӱһ޴ޱȵĿԲ֮й溣Ӣֱ
ǡҪľ˱һɣһ׹䵽ǡҪ֮ϡ
ǱͲƲġҪһ·һ죬ѷǡҪ֮졣
֮һֻɫľҲһı顣
ѷҫǡҪ㽫·ľ޴󸡿մ½һͬ룬Ͷѷ֮Уʧ
֮һɫ˺Ѳ񷣬նѪսƬ
һֻɫĴٴһץһ´ǡҪǸѷ֮С
һԴϧɫ֮дϧ
ŮӯӯһݣǸΰ֮ΪҵʧáҪ룬ֱǸ
㲻𣡡Ҫô׵֣ͰѵkŪˡ㾡ͺáȥѰԼĻԵ
ɫ֮Уһ·ɳһɫĹâٴγһöɫĿƬ˷ŮС
˪ӡŮľŶӵбﻤıߴkǵĻ֮
ҫħȻ氵֮۱ıδرȵϷŮľ콾
ȻҲЩǵٻޣʱٻֻҪһ߻ȤⱦkǲŻ֡
ɫ΢΢һģ˺Ѳ񷣬Ѫսֱ֮ӷɳʧ
Ѫս֮ϣ⡣ЩȻ޷˺ֺ֮ͬҲ֮鷨ȫʧЧǿ֮ҲѪս֮ҵһصġҪ
һɫһʧѪս֮ǿ΢һӵ
Ѫս֮ڣһƬγɵѪɫ֮У˺ѣǡҪȻ֣һâ΢΢һʯżҲȻѪɫ֮ϡ
棬ʵʮֳɫӵгΪ˵ʸ㣬㽫ܷ֮飬Ϊʯ𣿡
ǡҪ֮ڣһ޴Ĺ棬һ
һɲ֮䣬һɹǿޱȵƬ֮
ɱkǣ
kǣ
飡
ӦҪǽΪ
ӦҪѪսΪ
𣡣𣡣ɱkǣkǣİɣİɣ

ǿޱƬ֮лصһһǿߵӰ֣ŤɢŶԹ޾䡣
Ӱ˫۸ֳصӡܹѸٵĽס
ƽޱȵҲģǹ鵲סǰĵ·ΪҵĵˡôkǣҲϧǵkԸ˳ңΪҵôҵѣԻҵİһΪҲܵǵ

ûǵİģ
ҪǵҪۣ
ģİɣǵİ֮£ͿԻǿߵ
ǵİ֮£ֱӽΪʿʵۼǿߣ̤벽㣡

һԹƬջ档
һǿַĵرͶӰ׷׵ĳǰֻҪӦģЩɵַ͸ĵرǰ
ƽǵİ֮£ҲԽΪʿʵۼǿߡҪ̤㣬ֻǳ˵ΡɢɣҵıĲᶯҡ
Ϊﵽ磬Ѿ޷ġһΥԣܵ޴ķɡвֹĳ磬Դ
Щ־̤ǿ˵ԲΥġһģЩ⡢䶼ûڣתΪһʵֲȴһıĹɲԸΪڲݵĹôǿҲû塣
ʧܵģ
ǵģ
עʧܣһ

һԹ֮˷һޱȵӰӶʱԭʧ
һ棬ȻԸΪǸôѡһǳΪҵİˣΪʿʵ֮ΪҵˡһѡǻʯпƼᾧ
ʮֹϵѡʯпƼᾧ
Ҫһǿޱȵıܹkȫ޸kȫκһ֮
˵ʯĿƼᾧõıĿƼʯĿƼںϣټϼĿƼϣݳһ֮·
һ֮ޱȣһͨߵĵ·ȣȴǲֵһᡣ潫ʵ㹻ǿ󣬽ͬһ֮
ܺã棬ȷѡ񡣴ӽҵİˣʯĿƼᾧҾͽ㣡
һɫĹâһ´һ߽ɫ֮ûĴﱦ֮ڡ
һʯıһ´зɳ֮С
ޱȵӡʯı֮и֣ڤڤķֱӴ֮С
ǹ֮Уһһűâҫʮֹʧ
֮䣬֮Уâҫһʮżһģһı顣ʮű黯ӡ໥ںϣγһöɫľ壬һֱûС
һסǽɫľ壬ǹʯƼ֪ʶûԺ֮ڣȻڵܹѸٵļݿ֮С
ܹγɵĴʥѸٵĿʼһĿʯں֮γɵһµĵ·


1071 䶯
һâ΢΢ҫǡҪֱӱ仯ΪһСӡû֣һӡǡ
һӡһ֣͸ӦԼǡҪ֮һصϵֻҪԸܹǡҪ
ܹĸ֪롾Ҫ֮仹һңԶԡꪡǰյӦ֡
ҪҸҵĻһԵΪʿ
Ҫã
Ѫս֮ϣҪҲһͷʶ㡣һ溣ǿ߽ʿ¡
ļӵϻСѪս֮ţȻ۾΢΢һһöƴСĽƬ
һƬһųһ˿˿ޱȵĹԣļӵϻһ¾һƬصĿռ֮ڡ
һƬޱȵĿռ֮ڣʮȪۣ󲿷ֵȪ۶ѾɺԣֻһȪۻɢһ˿˿Ĳ
֮ȪһǺ
Ӱ۰ľϲһһͶһ֮Ȫڡ
ǡ֮ȪԴԴϵӿޱȵļӵϻ
ҪС֮ȪҾ١
ĳڤڤռ֮УһߣԼļӵϻȻܹʹá֮ȪףҲ˫۷죬һĨ֮ɫ
֮ȪһһʥʿҲֻһڣһЩոս׵Сʥʿһڡ֮ȪûС
ǡ֮Ȫ汾˵ҲѵõıھȻǸӵϻһڣ汾Щʹ
Ҫ֮ȪɲʲôײˣܹһڣѾˡѪս֮УȷʵвٺöֻҪ㷢ԣЩԹͶ壬ܹѪսŲ
΢΢ҡͷǻˣҿɲΪЩԹ塣
һѪսģͻ޾ԹԼ塣׳ΪʿʵۼĴڣҲֻһͶ֧ĹԼ
Ҳַֻ׷ϧһд۵ķӲŻӦѪս֮жԹҪ
ǡ֮ȪЧˣʮ֮ļӵϻһԾΪʿڵǿߡ
ٽᵼ¸ȣ汾ѾǻʵʥʿҲû̫ߵڴԥһ߻Ϊʿ
׼÷ӡԼ겨ΪıһʿЩӡԼΪ겨ûбѪսɱ
ʵ̫ΣˡҼȻõ˻ԵʵʵĻȥɣ
ļӵϻֱһܡѻ֮ڣһɫѪս֮ȥ
֮
Ѫս⣬һɫĹâҫһܡѻױս֮з˳
һܡѻһ·ɵ˼ĵս֮ڣֳΣ档
ӵϣˣ
ǼļӵϣȻŻˣǺˡ

һĿ⼯˼ӵϵϳ˾ȡ
һ̺һ˿˿ʥĿһ΢΢Щȡ
Ǻ֮ȻǺ֮
ӵѪս֮ϾԻ˼ĻԵ
ӵѪս֮ϻʲôԵ

ȻڼƣЩʥʿǿûһ֣kǵÿһתųͷ
һƽ溣ǿ߽Ѫս֮ȻֱӽΪʿǿߣǻԵ
Ǻ֮Ǹ¼ð߾ȻǺ֮
ɶǸ¼ðߣȻΪǺǿߣô£
ٺ٣Ǹ¼ðߣһΣˣһͨðߣȻ˴ĻԵԭˣ

Ǽ溣ӢһĿ棬ЦſϷ
Ǽ壬ĸǿļ塣ôѪս֮ϻõԲ졣һð߳־޴ֻǼʥʿΪ֮ġ
ʥʿǿֶκεȿ£ҪŪһʿǿ߼ֱɲ
λһʮ֪Ѫս֮лʲôôҲ²⣬ھ͸ߴҡ
浭һЦһǡѻףǡѻ֮Уһų˿˿â֮γһͶӰ
ͶӰ֮УʾӵϻѪս֮ڷһС
ͶӰٶȼӿ쵽ʮ򱶣ͨ˸Щ溣ϵǿ˵ȴ׾ٵĿͶӰ֮еһС
֮Ȫˡ֮Ȫ
ˣȻ֮Ȫף
ĴȻ֮Ȫ

ЩʥʿǿǿļӵϻȻá֮Ȫʿһ˫۳죬ݺݵĵ棬޲ý˺顣
ǡ֮Ȫ汾Ϊ֮ۺıһڡ֮ȪҪķѵԴȫʮͨʿıﾹȻʿֱɥĲ
Щʥʿǿһ̹Ȼ棬Ҳò˵õѡ
һ溣ʿ޷ػ֮Ȫıǡ֮ȪõԼΪʵ˵õѡ
Щʥʿǿ֮Ȫֱ֮ѡ񷵻أжһĨʧ֮ɫ
Ӱˮһһٷݡҿ鿴
΢΢һЦһӣǧöӰˮһ´Ӽս֮ڷɳΧɢȥ
һöԭʼӰˮҾͷȤˣ鿴
ǡѻ֮Уڳһöˮֱӷһ͸ͶӰ֮ϣֱתսڲȥ
һǿѸٵǸͶӰ֮ǰв鿴
ģ
ɶȻˡ֮Ȫ
Ǹһ˹ʺˣ

ЩǿʹֶμӰˮ֮󣬶΢΢һ̾һĨĽ֮ɫ
ЩʥʿǿȷϹˮ֮жһĨʧ֮ɫûٹע档
ǼľӢȴǶĽһʿǿ߾ڼ֮ҲǴһ˾ܹһ塣
ҫǼ֮ڷһͷ׳Ϊʿ֮һ±˻ʵĵ۹
ع֮󣬾һֱڼս֮ڱչؿޡ
ʱƣѪս֮ڣǵĲ˴
Ѫսͨȫպ֮ʣֻľӢһȥǽѪսĸ徫Ӣߴˣȴֻ˻ѪսĲпɼһߡ
ǻ徫Ӣ֮У󲿷ֶֿտգʲôûлáȴʮ˻ޱȵıʥʿǿ߶ۺľ
ЩбľӢֱӽЩ׸Լдļûд󱳾ɢǱЩʥʿϹΧסѾ޴ĴۣǼɢлЩ䡣


1072 ӳ
Ѫս֮г溣ǿûһ뿪һ
һּⷨһЩ溣ǿߵϣǵݡ
汾Ѫս֮ڣǸⷨȻûκЧ
ʮεļ֮һֻֻӲ뿪Ѫս
Ѫս֮ڡ
汾վڡҪ֮ڣͨǡҪԶȥüͷ΢΢һ壬Ҫ˵֮ûУ
ҪkѾҵĸ֪֮ʧⲢܹ˵kѾ뿪˵ءڵk棬ӵַ˼ĿֲȫʢʱڣҲҪʹпܸ֪֮Ϣ
ֻѪս߳ĵطܹƵõkǱ¶ԼϢ䡣򣬵kǾҵߣҲδܹ֪kǵĴڡ
΢΢һݣôֲ
ǡҪ׵ѹһʥʿһԴܴ֮ľȻ߿޷֪ߵǿֱ졣
ҪԶĴڣÿһ߶ӵֳ֮ͨ塣κΣ˾ʾͬΪߵǿԼ˵ĺۼ֮ʿʵ۵ǿҲ˺һߣ㶯ðɱֶΣҲ޷˺һ߷ֺ
ЩһЦҲû뵽ѪսĹطȻǵ֮Ŀֲڡ
ѪսĵطŶԹߵĶ䡣ʵ죬˿Щ䣬ȴҲԸĵط
֮ĳȫԤϣƵֻܹѪս֮ڣҳȥ
ﲻǰ취ƴһ£
ԥһᣬһҧһƽ֮ϣųһȶԾš
ÿһǿӵԼĺĿƼӵеǿ塢˻һ干ͬĿƼ˻һ干ͬķ֮ϣ޷뼲忹⡣
ĺĿƼ֮һԾҲԶԶڼ֮ϵĳڿƼҲûǿ󡢷ĿƼ
һȶԾŹâ΢΢һֱ
ǡҪһ¸ֳһֻ޴ޱȵĹǺ֣һ㽫Χһա
ǶԾŵĸűΣһŤĿռ䲨ҫ
ǡҪһ̤ǶԾ֮ڡ
ڳˣС󣡣
һɲǣһĮޱȵ֮дһֲֻޱȵɫһ´֮С
ȶԾ֮γɵŤ涴֮ͨڣһֲֻޱȵɫȻصĿֲƣݺץȥ
濴һֻɫĴ֣һĨ֮ɫʧôܣô˺ѳ涴ⲻѧ
ȶԾ֮γɵĳ涴ʮأʿʵۼǿ߶޷ƣҲ޷档
֮һܹضϳ涴ѾĿƼݳ̶ȣҲԶԶԽʶߵĿֲ졣
ṩ
Ҫһ´һޱȵĲһͷۼȻɳ޴ޱȵĹҫޱȵĹâһֻɫľ֮ϡ
һҧڵ֮ҫĳȡԼڵ֮Ӵޱȵ֮һ¹ע롾Ҫ֮ڡ
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һֻɫľȫһʱĹǺɷ顣
ǡҪ֮һ³ѷ졣
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ǡҪֱӽһûһѷ֮ڡ
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һɫĹâ΢΢һһֻɫľһ±仯ΪһɫӰ֮ɫӰֱ黯ʵ
һɿֲ׵ɫ֮Ǽĳ涴Ӳάϵס
֮һѷ֮дһϢѷ죡ͨһѷ졣ˡּ֮һҪȻ鷳
һâҫ֮ԭʧ
ʿǽһƬ֮УһѷȻ֣ѷ֮һ·ɳһըѿѪɢ䡣
һâ΢΢һЩɽѪֱûڡ
֮ȫһȻСҪػȻشѾʥʿӵСҪҲѾ֮룬һɱ
ܴԶлѰӵ򡣡
ֵġħһ仯ΪһɫľѽУͬʱע˺ĸӪ޸Һ޸塣
Ǻɫľһ»һʯǽ֮оķš
ǽ֮Уľʯ
ӵǿħܵʺǱ롣
һʯҲ֪˶ãһ׹䵽˸һ֮ڡ
λѹƣ
һ䵽ǿǳһɿֲѹϣֱӴӳ֮˹
һɹâ΢΢һӪҺ㱻һա
Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣺̺ɵķ֮ˡ
˴ĳӪҺ֮Ȼָ˹ȴ˿ûȬļ󣬷һ˿˿õĸء
˫һ¸ֳصӡԼһ㿴Լ֮ϲɫëγɵӡЩӡʴԼꡣ
ã۵֪ʶϴ֮ЩӡȫԳΪٴνĥ
Ĭģڵݻγһ΢ɺڶԼΧ֣һ˿˿֮ɫë
ȫɣƣҪһʱ䡣֮һµĵˡ
ǴʥĿֲһ˲㽫ȬҪѵʱһݡ
˼Ѿȫʧܹ֮ӵһȫĹˡ
ת㷨ͷԼٴһա
ѸٵĽһųһ˿˿ޱȵĹâλҵѹǿӦλ档
λλ汾ѹʥʿǿߣ֮ѹʿֻ֮жϵλǿǿߣǿ߲ܵǿλ档
ϣλҲпͨʱΪλ档ܹ׶λλ֮١
ÿһλһǿ˵ĲƸ
һİλ棬ͱλĹλĹֻҪʮʱ䣬Ҿܹϡʮ֮ڣҾֻܹԼ
ȫλĹĿǰҲ֮ܶ
濴Լ֮һɫëüͷ΢΢һ塣ʱеѾɺڶܹ֮Ȭû飬ܹõҲֻ
Ȼһתͷһ·ȥ㿴һֻӴޱȵĳ


1073 ܽ
һֻӴ󳵶ӵͨʮͬһƶСͷݡЩĿһֻֻͨ峤źɫƬͷϳŶƥоųƵĳ
濴ǳһۣĬĬǿʿĳһֻӵӦЩ
ǿʿǿȻսֻܹ֮ڻ֮еڻҡλ֮ѾǼΪǿĳ
ʲôˣĳӣ
һһͷħʨɢſֲϢüһӡֳһսìǰȵ
濴һۣһĨ֮ɫӡһûмӡ
һЩǿ屾ĳӵ֮塢ѪҺ֮ڶһЩӡõkֳܹ֮
ʿǷֵӡǼ̳˹ʱӡӡڲϵʵ顢о֮зֵӡ
Ϊ鳤֮󣬲֮λӡѾݿ֮ڡʿ֮Ѿϲӡ
翴е˼˵һЩϲ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ҽ棬һͨˡ
Ӻ˵ѣͨ˿ɲѪĴƬɭ档
ѾǿѹסԼϵơǲ֮ǰڵƷѪһѪһ㡣
ƽޱȵƬɭ˽ٷˣɵǣԼҲܵˡ
һĨâһƽޱȵģʮֲˬеսìȥ
һӳ֮дס֣ţ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬е׶ֱǣ
һһͷɫķԸУɢȻϢüһӡףǵľɫŮӳ֮߳
۾΢΢һ̾һŮòʶħŮʣֻзѷ
ҲһʵߴＸǧϹ֪ŮòܹħŮᲢ۵ȴûж١
ϷһЦǰܽţܸܹǳӽǰʥάɳǣԸͬ𣿡
ã

ܽųĵһȥ
ǳ֮УһĽĿⶼϡ
ܽΨһ̳ˣ˼㣬ҲһӵпֲľˣȻõȻĽѡ
ǶŸ˫ȭգһĨ
һڲһСͷ䣬еƷӦоС
ʮȻһɳ֮ϵܽţΪʲôͣҰİ복ӿǴɡ
ܽȻһЦҵȻ˼ҵĳӡһ֪ӵһЩԤ֪֪ҵĹˣܹұܹһѣǸ˾Ҳǳӡ
֪
ŰܽŵüǸޱȵӡȥ˫΢΢һ
ܽüĵһӡɢһ˿˿˵Ĳ
ƿˡ㷨һžԸӦһ˿˿˵
֪Կδ˱仯һǵĳڡһ˲
΢΢һЦ̾һ䣬ʵܹԤ֪ᷢʲôΣ𣿡
ܽһ̾ܡֻܹԤ֪ûһڲ֮Σ֮ɱͻ
Ц뿴飡
ܽȻһЦԵȣ
ܽһ֮ǰ˼飬ǰ
½ʷ֮ѧ籾ԴɨǼһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫһʼĶ
һλΪ½塢ħǻΪ塣
λһͻѳ֮ȻطͿԼڵĳ֮Ͻ
λĳһΪʮףܽǵ׵ĳߣΪʿ֮е»ʿܽһ֪ͨԤսȴǿһЩĽס׵ĳ߶пܽɱ
Ӣ쵼֮£ħ֮⡣Ȼ·磬Ҳͬǿסħ塣
ʥάɳǾһӢػĳС
ܽһξǱԼĺ湫ǰʥάɳ͡
ĶȻе鼮һţеˣ
ܽüͷ΢΢һ磡
һֻӴޱȵĳֹͣǰһͣ˷硣
һɫķȻ֣ػӡ
һֻֻɫļʸͬһ˷һºɫķ֮ϣըѿһ˿˿
Ϯ
ս׼

ǳ֮Уеǿ߶ս׼һɹǿޱȵϢ˲䱬»ʿĿֲ
һ»ʿǴӶŵϱҲֻӵͳ֮һ
֪Ȼܹǵټ˲𣡡
һͬҹһЦ֮УһѪɫͬһӴһƬտ֮
ͬһһ߳ʮһɫۣ֮Ѫɫõˡ
Ѫɫûᣡ
ȻѪɫûˣ

ǳ֮Уһʮźɫ۵ˣɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
ѪɫûᣬһΪаֻ֯ҪǮʲô鶼ΪħЧɱӢۡѪɫûĻѪɫӾһھŽ׵ĳߣеĵھŽ׳ʮˡ
ѪɫûֶμΪ̣һǡ˶ᱻĥʮʮҹŻѪʹ̿͡
ܽڳ֮ڣɫ԰׵͵
ͬһڳɭһЦѪɫû֮еĺɣѪɫӴ˿˰ܽС㣡ҿԸһ·˶Ҫܾĥʹ
һҫʿĿֲӺɵ֮ںʮҲһ±»ʿ
ǿֲޱȵϢѹսʿɫ䣬зػҲûܹסѪɫûǿߵĽ
ͳ֮һҲҪģѾ뵤ǵķΧֻҪ֧һᣬĪ˾ͻǵģ
һ¶һޱȵЦݣϧûʱȴĪˡ
һ˲䣬һֲޱȵսìӲӱ̳һ¹ᴩ˲ӵĸ
㣬Ϊʲô
һŵĿŶţ塢鶼ʹ֡û뵽ԼһչмӵĶžȻ֡


1074 һ·ѹ
Ť¶һޱȵЦݣѪɫӴӦңһץסܽţĵһξáҵѰ֮ܽ󣬾ͻύҡҵģ壬Զҡ
Ѫɫûһȴ¶һϷʵЦݣ޴ļǿѪɫӴ˿еôһá
ǺһĲƣոշͱǲ飬ʧᴫŶС
ǣҿһĻȻĸ綼ȱ١
һ䵭һ֮д֮¡
֣ȥ
һĨâսìһ˦˦ɣüӡҫ·һͷױޱȵħݺһìȥ
ӡǻеоֵ
һ㣬һָױޱȵħ飬˳ڶŵüһ
ŵͷ­˲ըѿһöĪӡһ·С
һĨ裬ݺݵвʲôˣǿѪɫûˣ뿪˵أҿԵʲôûзѪɫûУ
ǵסҵ·ˣϣͳͳȥɣ
ʮӰȻѪɫûǿǰһָǵü֮ϣʮѪɫûǿͷ­һըѿһ߾ʬڵϡ
ǿ
̫ǿˣ˭ôǿ󣿡

ǳ֮ǿǼһĻһһ
Ѫɫûɳһֻ񲿶ȫԴݻһ˿ڵĳСһֻ񲿶ӱͬһֱ˺š
ܽߣ֮һĨڴˣȾȲӡ
ɨ˲һۣһһλȻɳ˲ӵǰ
һλӵܡսơ顢Լݡ
ȻڹȫλҲȫƽӹһ涼޷£սҲֻʿ
һֻλһɵߣ㷢һ׻˹γɵĹڲӵϡ
ϵ˿ڶʱܼٶȻָ
֮䣬ԭѾԵǻĲӱֱӻ˹
һֱָӵǰмһлˣ
΢΢ͷֱӻص֮ڡ
ȤЩӡҴûмӡ˰ϧȼ̫һ㡣
ָһţӺɡ϶ȡӡз裬ޱȹâ
ƾǡ㷨ܹԼĸ֪Щӡ̺֮ޱȵܹ򣬶о޴ĺô
ʿ磬ǡ㷨ֻҪܵǿ߸棬Ҳ̵һž
һӡʥļһһƽ⣬ҷݿ֮ڣݡ
ܽżʶʵ֮󣬶ӹطԥ׸棬ٶȵõ˼ļӿ졣
һֻĳӣ
֮УȻ̧ͷ
ܽŻ⣬ֱӴ
һץ
ٹ֮⣬һɽ֮ϣվһͬһֻõӣü֮һɢа񡢹Ϣӡһʿʱֲ֮
һͬһһͷһС¶첻áãǴ˽Ҫҳְ㣬һˮҡ
ͷ֮дһ̵һˮĺãҪ˾㣬ҸðɣӴ˿е֪֮⣬ͳͳҪҪܾĥ֮ʹꡣ
һ¶һëȻЦݣɽõʹꡣ
һɲǣһֻγɵľִһѽǺץסԶȥ
Ϊ֮һһǴԶֱӷǺô䣬ǰֳΡ
ܽɫ΢΢һ䣬ʧеѪɫû֮УѪɫӵʮ֮еĺã
Ǻͷǣһ𺧵Ķʧеʲôˣǡ
ָһµǺõü֮ϡ
Ǻһ˲ͻҽֻһöɫӡ֣С
֮ܽһĨ֮ɫǿĹˣע
ǺѪɫû֮нѪɫӵʮǿ֮һպա֪жǿڵkСһֲǿߣȻͬһֱŵ˼㡣
ǿ߾Ȼͬһ㱻ֱŵ˼㡣ǰܽ˾Ȼܹǿɱ
һŤһźɫս۵ų֮߳һµĳ֮ǰ
տǳµܹҮ״ǣܽС㣬һˡҵҪ㡣
һòӢһɫսףһ󽣣ɢʿһͷһɸ߰
ǿһտǳǿߣһɫ԰ף˿־塣
֮ܽһĨ־壬һĨ˵տǳһ½ľ޴֯տǳޱȣ˵֮УkܹӢǿߡ
ܽŵտǳҲһڰ֯ǽһнʵ飬˿ڷ֯Ĳɫ齻׵һкڰǶȾָˣҲߣҡ
ɨ˰ܽһۣ˫۸ֳӡԵȷû˵ѡ
ǰܽӵ涼ȥرطֵܵסķ
ȻˣǾǶȥɣ
һƽһӰտǳǿǰһָһµЩǿߵͷ­֮ϡ
һ˲տǳǿǱͷըѣҳʧ
һööµӡֱӷС
ǿ
һλˣֱȼ˻Ҫǿ󣡣
տǳǿ߾ȫˣ

սʿǿտǳǿǱɱһĿɿڴͬڿ񻰴˵һ
տǳɳȫԴݻʮ塣ǿޱȵȻɱֱ֮
ǿǶ˳ݡ
ͨʥάɳǵĵ·֮УһֻӽʮεΧɱЩ˻һ֣ͱɱ
ǸʧӢ֮󣬱Ҳûһ֯ǲǰɱһСɳ̽ӣԶԶĽ顣
ܽţˡǸû뵽Ȼôǰ㡣
һһͷɫһɫսףԸУò޾׵湫һֻڰ˵˰ܽǰ


1075 ٳ
ܽ΢ЦҮޣλˡܹƽ˵أȫ˵
Ү޲һˣʮָл˰ܽš
ܽһ·д̿ͶֱɱǸϢѾ塣˶²һµľŽǿѾ
Ү޵ĸʿǿߣȴҲһŽ׵溣ͷ
浭ȻһЦ֮Ͱˡ
ʥʿǿ߾ֻʣ֮ѹЩ溣µǿߣȻѴ֮ҲƴһҪ׳Ϊʥʿԭ
֮Уʥʿܹ΢ԼˡkǶƫƧĽ䣬ĬĬŵĶȹһпܱܹ١
֮кܶϡŹֵ嶼塣Ȼ弸磬ֻһ˥ȥ
Ү湫һʿǿߡߵһֻ֮иӵʮҫʿǿߡ
Ү֮ɣŰܽŵСֵܽţҵԴƻ֮бҵ֮Ǿͺþûмˣкö໰Ҫ˵
ܽųһᣬһԵһ۵ã
ڰҮ޵Ļ֮£һ·֮Ҳû˸ɧţ˳ĵִʥάɳǡ
ܽЩɵʵˣûʲôܷסһ𣿡
һ΢΢һЦã
ܽűһ绪ľˣϡٵ֪üĵӡһ˿˿˵Ϣ
Ƕ԰ܽű˻ӵе涼ʮȤ
ܽŶһֱмӣ򲻵ѵĵزҲԸ⶯ֶǿеõ
ܽ΢ЦҮޣҺ˰ͬһסϲ飬ռ鼮
һԵİҮ޺ÿüͷ΢΢һ壬ǿһЦݵõģܽš
潫һо۵ף¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȥ
һƬ޾ѪҺ֣ɢŤŰϢѪҺ֮УһöɢʥϢѪɫ֮ѡ
ǧࡢħǿ߱һѪɫûϵѪҺ֮ǰ׼ѪѪ֮С
һŰɫߣƤŹǣ·һõߵѪҺ֮ǰĿһöѪɫ֮ѡ
꣡
һһöѪɫ֮һ¿ѣѪɫ֮Уһ߳һӵһͷѪɫòףһŮͨɱӡ
ɫйϲٴνס
ϧһܹʮסʮףҪ̤ʮףʵ̫ˡ
Ѫɫһ̾ãЩһʮΡʲôҪ鱨Ҫ㱨
ùϣñ˸ɵˡkȥذܽţһĸɱտǳɫԲĩ֮ߡɳĴ̿ͶȫɱڰܽѾ͵ʥάɳǡ
Ѫɫüͷ΢΢һ壬棿ִû˵Ǵðģ
ǿߵĳɳǿӵȷĳɳ켣ȴͬһʯͷһĳֱ쵽˼㡣
ѪɫһЦǸһ޴һµˡһΣˡ
֮ǰùȥĴʲôˡ
ѪɫһŤʱԭʧ
һɫǳ֮УտĹâҫÿһտĹâŶ⡢䡢ԼŤ
ɫǳ֮УһԵ棬Ȼɱտǳˣǹ졣ǣȥ׼˲佫ܽŻŴҵǰ
ǣϣ
ɫǳ֮УɫĹâҫγһû۶ڱǣɫӡǿߡ
һӿɳ˸֣ǰʥάɳǡ
һʥάɳǣ˸طо֮С
һ֮ڣһޱȵӡ֣ûڣһųޱȵĹâ
ϵǱĲáҪǿǿ֮λʿһ¥ϧеط֮еĶطҵǿЧ󡣡
˫ۿԼϸŵһööӡĸ֪Լֱǿһ˿
ãã֮ӵ塢طʿûֹͣصĽŲռλ棬λǿߵطſһһǿط
½ڵλȻΪλƣ޷ʥʿǿߡλӡȴûмʶӡǿӵЧ
ʿ˺ڶרоְ塢淨򣬶ӡϾʥʿľ磬󲿷ֵǿ֮ս԰˶淨򣬷ӳǳλĿֲ
ȴǿӡʮָȤܹγɵĸϵͳӵдʥĶиݡֻҪܹǿĻᣬͲŹ
ݼ塢塢ʯĿƼݡȫԽÿһϸתΪһԪԶһҾڳ˯Ҳ൱ڲϵ
Ҫܴǿȵϸͱǿһ˷˼ĳ̶ȡܹõطҲܹѹء
ȻΪħ壬ôҿȴħ֡֡澲Ȩš
½֮Уܹ濹ǿߡôԷ̸С档ûܹ濹ǿߣʹ㽫λֱ£Լĵ̡⣬ǿߵ˼ά
һֲޱȵϢʥάɳ֮ڶάɳǡ
Ϯ
еˣ

һӦһɹǿϢάɳһӦϵͳͬһɹǿޱȵϢ
ػ֮صάɳǣʲôˣ
Ǵһɫսף·һ֮У·һӢĻŮսһ湫ֳһ󽣣̤նУ˵άɳǳͷȵ
һѪɫĹâҫһҳףѪɫùɣɢԹսȻɳ
湫һսʱɫʧѪɫûġѪսѪɫӣˡ
ѪɫȻǵھŽ׵ǿߣҲǵھŽǿ֮͵ϮشӢ֮еľǿߣҲʮӡ
СһΣֹһǰĸɡ
ǡѪսһ֮ϣһ죬ŮͨɱѪɫûĻѪɫӡ
ûĸɣ
һ޴һտŤĹǳȻ֮и֣һ溣ǿߵĿֲϢһǳ֮ϯķ


1076 ֻ
湫ɫʧտǳĵһ콫ǣ
Ǹ湫սʿǶɫ΢΢һ䡣
տǳһ콫տǳ֮еһս֮еĹkʱԣܹ
һ֮ʵһͻƿΪʮǿߣһֻ¶Ҫѹס
λǰҵάɳǣʲô飿
һƽޱȵӵάɳڴһ֮и֣γһĿ࣬ӵһͷͬȼŻһ㳤òӢͬһ֮ӡ
һ֣һɷɽ󺣡ȼǳĿֲѹʱŵάɳϯȥ
һɭɭħɽһͷ峤ߴʮ֮߮ŵķħһҳɫսһҺɫĴսһԲһսһɫɽ͡һֱߴ׵ɫһֻչ׵ħͳͳ֡
һս֮һһɹ溣ǿ߼ĿֲϢյĻѹ⡣
Ѫɫ΢΢һЦһǰ˵أûж⡣ֻҪˣһ棬ɱĺһ˾ǰܽС㣬ҶʮĽҪȢΪޡȫ
кâһʥάɳǣκνʥάɳǵˣֻҪûΥƶɷʥ֮ڣͻܵҵıӻ뿪ҽǵΪƣֽǡ
ʿǿߣư½ͨ˽ʥάɳ֮󣬶ܵkıӻ⽫ǽ򣬵kӢɨأһǧɡ½Ľܳ˲ŶѡkͶ
һ콫кâҪˣȷҪΪһΪУ㲻档ȥأͳͳ𣬼Ȯ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬üͷ塣
ʮκһ硣ʮ֣ʵ֮ϡ
ʮǿߣӢ֮һʮ֣ȫԽʥάɳ֮ڣõkҳȥ
տǳͬҲһʮǿߣֻҪеkǣסǿ߾ͿԾ֣ӵеһ
Ӣ֮Уֻ꣬kʵҲһ˵k֮⣬һŽǿ߶ûСŻᱻЩǿֱȡ
ǶӢʮ˱ȡ
湫֮䣬ջǽĻ븹Уг˿ɬܽվ湫ߣ湫һۣҲһĨɬ;΢΢һ̾ҮޣԼȥɡҲǣǡ
湫Ҫ˵Щʲô˫ȴסһεѪе䣬Բ𣡣Բ𣡶Բ𣡡
Ҳֻ밮ܽʥάɳ뿪ܹȫϡ
˫۳죬淭ڣ·һŷĻ棬ʱпֲܱޱȵʿϯȥ
֮УʿĿֲȻɢȫѹơ
ʥάɳ֮еǿһӦʿĿֲϢɫ䡣
ʿǿټʮ֮еǿֻ֣ҪkԸ⸶㹻ĴۣȫлὫʥάɳĨȥ
ֱǰһܽ§ڻУԵޱȵܽţҺϲ㡣ҵŮˣЩϣһΪȫɨƽ
ܽųˣԸˮִޱȵӡһʮϲлᣬȻŹ
֮ܽźΣȻһЦԸΪŮˣˣ
湫΢΢һף΢΢һ֮һĨ
浭߰ɣǳȥƽЩϣ
վ֮У·ûпһ㣬ƾǣŰܽŵС̤˳š
棿ôĹȻҶҿеŮ˳֡Ǿȥɣ
ѪɫһĨɭޱȵɱӡ֣һһֱֻߴ׵ĿֲѪɫӡŨޱȵѪζݺȥ
һѪɫӡ֮ۻѪҺǾ綾֮еľ綾һʿǿ߱УҲᱻǾ綾ʴԲʹ಻
һץ
һֲֻĴȻ֣׾ٵһֻѪɫӡѪɫһץУһֱ󱬡
һöѪɫӡѪɫӵͷ­֮зɳС
ˣ
Ѫɫӣˣ
һʮǿߣ
ʮףһʮǿߣ

ڳ֮˼һĻĿɿڴԼ۾
ѪɫӾھŽǿ֮УҲĴڣôɱķʽشʮǿߡ
ѪɫûҲΪѪɫ£һŷɥĿֲʵһİͱһֱֱ˲š
ɫ䣬֮֮ɫô᣿ôôǿѵȸ׻Ҫǿ󣡣
湫СԼơϾӢ֮һŮڿֱĸҪֲܵ˾޴Ĵ
֮һɫǳâһֱӳҪӴ˵ѡ
ߣȻˣǾͳͳ°ɣ
һץһֲֻĴһץסһɫǳһһɫǳֱӾͱ󱬣ĵһ콫仰û˵ͱֱ󱬡
һâҫǰ˴սֱͷҲص˷ȥľˣǸûмǿӢҲûôĿֲֶΡ
ЩЩôٵеϧˣ
һץ
һֲֻޱȵĴȻ֮۳Σֻ죬ǰ˴սһץǰ˴սֱץ£˵ϡ
Ĺ˹ָͷǰ˴սһըѿһһ溣ǿͬһɵǰ
ôܣ
磬ô˿ֲĴڣ
˭ô˿ֲ

ǰ˴溣ǿһһ𺧵Ŀ棬г˲֮ɫӢҲ赭дĽkѹΪֱ졣
Ҳɣ
գӡҫһץһֻ֣֮Уڰ֮ǿץȥ
ǿߣҲδ̫Сˣ
һŭ֮ԶħҫһͷħԳҡһ䣬һ±Ϊһͷߴ׵ħ
һͷħӶһʮ׵ĺɫӺݺһһֻ֮ϡ
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һֱֻӱһͷħͬӬһ֮׹䣬ݺݵײ˴֮ϣغһ޴Ĵ󶴡


1077 տǳ
ȥ
һħҫͷħԳӴ֮зɳûһ˿ƣɢ׵ϢһԽٹľ룬Ӷǳʮ׵ľ޴ħ˺Ѳ񷣬̺ſֲޱȵ壬ݺݺȥ
ϧҵӡ˴롣ȻոһƾܹkѹˡͷħԳҲе㱾£Ȼûˡ˲𣡡
̤նУͬһ𲻰ܵħһһ޴ħ֮ϡ
̺ľ޴ħһ˲ȫʧ
һץһޱȵӡ֮дȥͷ·һĿֲħԳһСһƴСżС
ĻȻ֣ӡĴһ´ͷħԳڣͷħԳֱѹ
ħħ֮һħԳֲħ֮һôô򵥾ͱѹ
˵˭ôôֲǿǱħԳʮǿߡôһжס

ʥάɳ֮еǿ߼һĻһĿɿڴ۷׷ס
ǱħԳľǿߣǿ߾Ȼѹսֱ졣
ҲĿɿڴһŵĿ棺ǿ浽ʲôˣô죿
Ҳֻǽ濴һʵȽǿľŽǿߡչֳĿֲʵȫѹk
ԶħڣһֻչףһŨŨħ֮еĴһĳֱӻһħԶӶȥԽǧ
浭ȻˣͲҪˡ
Ļ֮һһֻĻۣ֮Զһͷħһӡ֣׵Ļ֮ԽգϢûͷħڡ
һͷħٴһ򣬱ֱӷɵǰ˫ʧ
һ͸ĴִĻ׵ͷħڣͷħֱѹ
ħٶµһħǿǺųٶµһûܹ׷ϵħô
ţ̫ˡ
徹Ȼ˿ֲĸ֣֮ҡ

ǵάɳ֮еǿǼһĻж¶һ˿˿˷֮ɫ
еȥ֮вӿһ˿˿ǡ
ܽſ棬Σųޱȵɣǿעˣ̫ǿˡ
ܽһ֪Ԥ֪һǰάɳǵ·;֮Լδİˡˣעİˡ
ΪˣܽŲŻһͶ࿴֮뵽Լĺ֮ڳϦദ
ߣ
һʺֱӳ밮ܽŵĽ£Щܵĸ溣ǿ߼Ĵڶͬһֻֻ«һ㱻ǲʺ·
ǲʺ΢΢һΣԶȥ
棬άɳһۡ
һʺȴֱʧûκλӦ
һĻüͷӿŨŨǡ
տǳܲ
һʺԶտǳ֮ܲ⡣
浭ħԳ֣Ҵտǳ
ǣϣ
һͷħԳѾĻȫʴkһҡһ䣬һ±ΪһͷصľħԳֳ־޴ޱȵħտǳݺݺȥ
ǿֲİӰѹһУǳҲһݻ١
һտǳ֮ҫտǳ֮γһɫĻ֡
¡
Ǿ޴ħտǳ֮ϣħ⡢ǹ⽻֯໥ɫ֮һֲޱȵ
ħԳտǳԩ޳ΪǰտǳħѵҪտǳݣ
տǳڲһ´һ춯صŭ
տϹȻ˴ɱҵ棡ȥ
ǱħԳһŭХӶ޴ޱȵħһǽһǺúտǳ֮ϣտǳһ˿˿
տǳ֮ڴտޱȵ棿ѵǸӻܽŵ棿ôˣ
ħս˵ΰܹףˣҳստǳ
浭һ󣬲Ҫõkˡ
طȫʢʱʥʿһƾͽտǳݻ٣տҲ
ʱ󲿷ֵڵ֮Կʵ½ҲöĻײŽħܡ
ħǣˣ
տǳ֮ڣտգ΢΢һǼһﵽʲôȻܹħշֱ̫ˣ
ǱħԳħѱʵֲ׵ľǿߡľǿ߸᳼ˡڵkǾȻȫ棬տжһ˿˿⡣
汳˫֣ͬһ㸩տǳտҸһᣬңΪЧȥ
տ棬տǳܹ紫гʮ꣬ʲôûмʮǿΧտǳտǳɱȥ飬һʹ㿴Σ
ȥɣ
һӿһ˿˿ռ䲨عҫֱӷɳγһֲֻޱȵĻеš
տǳ֮⣬ܿͱعҫ
ǧع˲乲عҫս
â΢΢һعҫŵڹһֲޱȵĺһտǳȥ
տǳһųޱȵǳ֮⣬һǳȻ֣·ɫǳҫ
عҫŵڹһɫĽ֮Ͻǽᴩǳ֮ϡ

һ춯صĲҽ֮УտǳǱһᴩһ롣
棬ͬھɣ
տտǳ֮зɳŤͬkһ֣һɢһ˿ʥĺȻ֣һΣصӡһûһʥʿĺ֮ڡ
һ˿˿ֲޱȵʥտ
տһŤĿ棬ɭޱȵ棬տǳǿĵ̣ʥʬһԽʮ׼ޣ缫ڵʥʬ㾹ȻƵҶʥʬΣ㶼ˡûܹȵ㣡
浭һЦȻܹջһʥʬˣɣҪ˷ʥʬ
ĻȻ֣Ļ֮տһۡ
һĻ֮һտϣտʱһʥʬ롣
һ͸ĴȻ֣տڣֱӽտʴӡ
տǳͱˣ
ôܣ

ͬ«һ㱻ڲʺǿǼһĻһг𺧣ĿɿڴԼ۾


1078 
տǳ֮һаʵΪֲʮǿΧտǳȻտǳõֱӷɱ
½ָĴտǳȻͬһĨȥֱŵ˼㡣
ɨǰ˴溣ǿҪһЩūͺצΪЧѡ񳼷ңѡȥ
һһͷɫ̷ò溣ǿһ¹ڵϹǼԸΪЧ
ڵԸΪЧ

ǰ˴溣ǿ߶û˿ԥϵĹ³
տǳĿֲ淴ЩһʿûеӲĶ֡
ǣȻȥǵ䵱ҵĶĿ
ָһ˸Բֱӷɵǰ˴溣ǿǰ
ǰ˴ǿһ֪ǰ˸ԲƵkǵֶΡkǶһΪΪĵʮֹϵĽǰ˸Բ¡
Ļӻֵ߰ɣ
ǣˣ
˵â΢΢һǰ溣ǿ߱㻯˵ʧ
ָһţһĹ㸡֮СŰܽŵСֱӽ˹֮ڡ
տյطͳͳ
һź֮ϣһ§Űܽţտ
ǱĻʴտУҲֻһ߰ˡտЩôkͱɱˡ
ǣˣ
տһ½һͷͷϣƾǸͷȡŵkطϢ
Ȼ۾΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǳ壡طǳӡҵط棬ǿҵһɵʵ
ΪʥʿҪһֶʮѣʥʿǿߵǡ֮أҪǸѡ
󲿷ֵʥʿ뾡취ΪΪǿ֮Ҳͬǿޱȵ֮£øǿ
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Դ㲻壬ۡʱ塿֮֮Զͬǿߡ֮ٴϣôֱŵ˼㡣
浭տΪʲôҪᰮܽš
֮ܽҲһĨ֮ɫȻӵ֪ţԤȴգԤ֪ȫ֡
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һص˵ûУ
˵ˣ˵ʵҲĶ֡
룬Ӧˡ
Ĭһᣬ΢΢ͷãҪ
ڵѾӦˡ
Ӣÿһʮǿߣ߸ϣһ¡Ŀֲѹ֮£ѡ֡
ʥάɳһսܿʹ½
½֮еĶǿǶ֪һΪǿߣճһ֮ʮѹħ
ħʥħɽһƬ޾ħֵɽ֮ڣħγһƬħ֮
ħ֮룬һöɫħѣħ֮µӡһֲޱȵ֮ħ֮бħ֮һˡ
ſֲħʿħһħ֮ħħ繫ϵħʬħľħħ
ǺʬħͬһͷƤǵʬ塣ľħһĿ࣬ͷȴήɺԣ֮Ĵڡħһòףüһöӡӡ
ħ̤ħ֮һöħ֮ǰ
ʬħ˻ƣͬһʬ壬ޱȵħ֮еһǿߣһѹ˱Գħħնɱ
ħħ֮ǿĴڡħħ֣ҲδǴħĶ֡kҲħĵ֮һ


1079 ȫ
ħ֮дһԳħħҲˣʲôϵ
ħǿÿһʵΪֲ໥֮侭ɱݣս彩ֲݡǵʵۣħʵԽ岻ֹһ
ħüͷ΢΢һ塣
ħ΢΢һЦħ֮ż֡ѾһλѪػߵѪֻҪӦɱ档ôǾһ֮̽šȻػܽţһҲΪ֮šʱֽ֣ɵΣ
Ǻɫħ΢΢һɫ˿ߴǺɫħ֮зɳһͷϳһţǣӡΧħڣΪ֮ŤĿֲħ֡
һֲħħĵһǿߴħҲħ幫ϵĵһǿߡǿҲӵиֵػħڧλֻͱħͳһ
ħһǴħһĨɵ֮ɫ໥֮վøӿ
ħɨħһһЦã֮ţһ
֮λ棬һƬ޴տޱȵɳĮ֮С
ʱǹȥûκ˵ɳĮ֮гһߴɽ͡ǳƬɳĮĵȫı䡣
·һεϸһ㽫ɳĮһΪһǿߣһմħǿߡ
˫ӣһɹɿֲޱȵɱ˫֮ħ½Ϊ½İȨ໥ɱ꣬˫֮ǰ޷Ѫ
ǸǿߵԼ֮£ħ֮ǿάһలµľ档Ͼ˭Ҳ֮ſľԵ
һâ΢΢һһĿ࣬ϱһ«ӴԶֳΡ
ߣˣ
һʥϢĴɽ֮Уһ
ϱһ«̤նУɵһɽĶվǿߡ
߿ڵŮʿɽúÿ졣
һ׵Ĺͷ޺ڵ٣ȻҲ㲻Ҳ𣿡
߿Ц治٣ò
һͷ̳üΪ޵ŮʿʵΪʲôߣѵ㲻֮𣿡
߳һ̾ѵû˵֮ǰ淴ѹտǳʮħħڣ֮ôȾָĿܣ
棡
Ůʿɽǿɫʱ΢΢һ䡣
ʥάɳһսӵĿߡѾ½֮дЩͨ˲βȻ޷֪Ůʿ溣ǿȻ֪жôĿֲ
ŮʿһϾǿߣ˵ǽȥ
߿ЦԸˡ
̧ͷԶȥkˣ
һȼŻǳ˺ѲǻǳĶվһˣ
ʮ溣ǧףò޵Ů̧һֻǶŵرĺ֮ʮɫȿֺһڣǾ
ͷ溣ǿ߼һͭսնͭս֮ϣһˣǺ
ӢճֲϢ˷ϯȥѹһߵħǿɫ䡣
㲻࣡
㲻࣡

Ӣճ·ʱ춯صĻ֮
֮лͬտһ㿰ʿϹЩϹһںڰ֮УһУ䡣
ӢǴ忹ħľߡӢͬһ塢ػ壬ͱħ幥ˡ
ӢȻվ֮УĿ䣬ЩħǿߣkĿ֮еħǿ߷׷׵ͷkǶӡ
պȻ΢΢Ťһ޴ĶѨ޾ħǺɫĶѨ֮ӿ֮γһƬħ֮
ħ֮֮еĵطתΪħ
ħ֮ϷȻսˣħĴħ
ΰĺħ㲻࣡
ΰĺʬħ㲻࣡

ħӪ֮Ҳһ±춯صĻ֮
ħ֮УĹɷ·ܹضȫѹĿֲħӿӢϢȫѹơ
ħkҲˣ
Ӣһħ֮еĴħʱɫ䡣
ħ֮Ǵħһľ֡ӢҲֻһЩ̲ܹôħЩɵ
ǲọ̃ӢֶδǴħĶ֡
ħɨ˺һһЦ㻹ûʲô̫ˡǧǰѹҴǧǰֻܹƽƽһǧǰͲҵĶ֡ڣֻһжס
Ӣɫʱ΢΢һ䡣
Ӣ֮еǿߣҲӢ֮еĵһǿߡkڶǴħһеĶ֣ǴħĿֲɼһߡ
ƽħȷʵĶ֮֡ǿ֮߱ǰճ׵ѹ˱ԳħħӦñҪǿöࡣ
ħһ̵ͷ촽һЦ棿ˣһֱӳǿѪһʮζ
ƾҲҳ֣
һƽޱȵͬһƬ֮ը죬Ϊµħǿ߶ֱӱؿһƣһѪ
֮УһʥĹâҫƥɫһƽս߼۶
ǻƽսǰһӵʿ˫̥䵱ߣǻƽս֮ϣ밮ܽš
ǱԳħħħͬūһ㣬վǻƽԺ֮ǻƽ
棡ˣ
Ǿ棿
Ǹѹ˱Գħħǿߵ棡
ǱԳħħkǶ潵ˣ
ôܣħǶô߰ǿĴڣôܻᱻ潵ⲻܣ

һ𺧵Ŀһ¼ϣԼǱԳħħϡ

ģħ£ôΪūͣ
ô

ЩħǿһߵıԳħħͬūһ㣬һһߣ
رǱԳħħֱħһߣԼ۾kǵǶô߰ĴڣȴΪһūֱͣ˲š
棿һô˵ˣkͷѾҵղصľƱ֮һҪǲǾ͹£ҵˡҵȻͻѪ⣬ͷժ£ɾƱҵղƷ֮һ
ħһЦָһͷɵľƱȻ֣ÿһƱ֮жɢʿĿֲ


1080 ѹ
ǻƽս֮ϣͬһ𲻰ܵħ񣬸ķλľӢܺãλӽʹ֧֮¡ߣͳͳȥ
ʲôҪһͳλ棿
ѵҪͬʱħΪУ
棬Ƿ𣿾շ˱ԳħħҲλĶ֡

·ħ嶼һƬȻЩ塢ħǿǿ·ڿһӡ
Ҫշħһͳλ棬ôҪһ֮ڣչγԼһӴһշһ壬һһܣȻһͳλ档
λ޸ԣһھҪħǿУֱһӡ
ħ˼֮⣬ÿһǿӵԼĵ̡
ħλ湫ϵĵһǿߣȴȻûһͳħ壬ͿԿһͳλļѡ
ӢĿ΢΢һĬ
֮е棬οЦȻҪһͳλ档
ʥάɳһս֮ԼоΣաʵ̫죬Զͨʿ
ǱԳħħᲢ۵ľǿߣǿ߱ѹӵǲһͬλ棬ǲǹ¡
λһλ棬ڵʮλĴڣӵзḻޱȵԴǽλԴʥʿǿҲᶯġ
˴ʿʳ֮ԿѹһѹأÿһʱʥʿΪֳλ棬ӶԴԲ֮λһλĵ̣Ҳ֧˶ʥʿ
棬һǵһμ˿࣡Ȼˣ͸ȥɣ
ħһĨ֮ɫȻӡֲ֣ĺڰ屬һָصĴչڱա
ɺڰ幹ɵĴӵ˷˼Ŀֲһ˽оͻֱӱСʶ𣬾ʿǿҲ⡣
λ֮УκʿǿԴħһУƴӴܣ˱ᣬ߶ọ̃ƴһ
ǾǴħĴ磡ѹʮǿߡ
ħƾһǷܾ¸֡ĵһǿߺɱ
ʮǿ֣ҲԲǴĶ֣

ħ֮Уһ˷ܵ𡣾֮УҲвǿϣ汻Ǵֱɱ
Щ£ҲЩ¶ѡ㣬Բðɣ
ڻƽս֮ϵͬһþ£ƽ޲·˵һ䡣
ǹŤĻȻ֣һֻĻۣ֮˴ħ
һףɫεĻ֮һǴħ֮ϡ
ǲһֲޱȵĴħ˫һɣӡڵk˫֮и֣˫һϣǴʱʧ
Ŀ֮£ǴħֱӾֺݺݵԼͷ­֮ϣֲħҫһ㽫Լ飬
Բˣ
ħȻԲˣ
⣬⣬ôܣ

ħһĻݴг˿־Ͳš
Ǵħλ湫ϵĵһǿߡħ嶼ֻһЩַ̫֮лõĵ̿вkľǿߣȻһ仰֮£ֱԲãֱ˾Ϳ־塣
ħĿɿڴһ˿־壬΢΢һǸһ˿˿亹ÿ£棡̫ˣ
Ǵħʵ죬ħħټϵ̣ǿѹסkһͷǿ߾ȻϢȥֶһ޼ɵĺħΪ֮𺳣г־塣
Ǽǽ
ǻƽս֮УͬΨһoɨħһۣ
ħҲλλ涥ĿֲڣkǱ濴һۣʱ亹ֱ³˿־塣
ħ壬棬ͬھɣ
Ǻʬħ˫һĨһ¸ֳӡһ˿˿ʥӵk֮
ԭͬһһĺʬħһµ˻ڷ䣬һһñһɢŲʥľӡ
Ǻʬħһʥʬǽɵʮǿߡһkʼƴȼڵʥ߲ѪܹشħɱħĿֲܡ
ֻǺʬħһΪֻ̬ܹսһӣ˾ͻᱻʥѪգһѻҽ
ȥ
ǺʬħһŭХſһ磬һۻһСʴһУһеʬħ֮նֱѹȥ
ĮȻһЦһʥʬǽɵʮǿߣĵƣվֻϣҲԲðɣ
Ļ׹â΢΢һĻ֮Ȼ֣źʬħһۡ
һ˿˿Ļ֮һǺʬħ֮ϣǺʬħʱһ˫۸ֳӡſһӲĽһʬħ֮ظС
ʥߺǶáͳΪҵĲϰɡ
һһӡײĴںʬħǰ
ʬħޱ飬һͶǷӡײ֮ڣӡ֣kֱѹӡȻС
ʥʿǿߵʬҲơ֮Ȫһϡĸ֮ʥʿǿ߶һԵĸ߲㡣ܹkǻɱ䵱ơ֮ȪĲϡ
ʥʿʿʵۡߣkǵÿһѪҺÿһͷѰľҩҲֻ֮УŻдģǿ䣬ҲĻԵ֮һ
ͬһĿǿľħħһۣǺεͨɱѹķ
ħʮֹϣֱӴϥڵϣ湧Ը⳼£ΪЧ
ľħһ˲䣬ֱӹ£湧ľԸ⳼£ΪЧ
ħʮǵkǲʶʱԲ⽫kȫɱɱӺߡ
Ը⳼£ΪЧ
ɫһ䣬ʮֹϵĹ£ʾ
չֳʵ̫졣嶯ọ̃ҲĶ֡ħѾĴħΪĲ£ټ汾ɲһӣбΣա
ϼ޻֪˶£ʹıҲʮֲֿϾ壬Ҳûжϰ
ԥһ˲䣬һΣڵϹԸ⳼£ΪЧ
ҲֱӹڵϹԸ⳼£ΪЧ
߹ЧңڳһƬš


1081 ɱ
ܽſǹ·ߣ֮һĨ㱣˲ţkǾˣ
ܽҲһ»ʿǿߡ˵Ѿһ˲Ĵ
ǺӢܽŸŵkǵĴ˵ǺħľħĴ˵֮и޵У׺ףɱ콾ľħ
˵֮еħݵ£ֱ˲
Щϣ²ΰݱ£
վߵıԳħһһ׵ʿֲϢϯѹأ·ħǿһȡ
·һը˵Ķըħǿ˫ѪʾǱԳħĸħ
£
£

ħǿߴ󲿷ֶ׷װݵڵϹ֮еһ
߶Ѿѡ泼Щħǿô룬󲿷˶ѡ˳
ħ֮У˰Ȼվʾ֮еӡ
֮У壬һħ嶼ʿĿֲǿߡ
棬ҪҰӰ㻹ʸ񣡣ˣ
һһ㰵Ӱ֮еİӰ棬ɭһЦ΢΢һΣһͶ˰Ӱ֮УԶԾȥ
һòһưת֮壬һ磬ֱӴԭʧ
棬ƾ㣬Ҫһͳλ棬ԲܣֻҪҺڷħһ죬ħ;Բ
һһͷɫòףһɫս׵ħһĵһۣһ±ɫĹâʧ
ʿǿ߶ʶĿֲk֪Ķ֣֮󣬾Ͷһص֮ڣ
½һλ棬ΪһʿǿһҪأʥʿǿ߶ѽkҳ
漸ǰѹħ壬ѡ֮ſʱѹħ塣Ϊ֮Уǿ߻ۣħǿ߶۴˵أøһ򾡵Ļᡣ
ƽ޲ȻˣԲðɣ
ĻһֻĻۣ֮һޱȵĻ֮ⰴڤڤķ򣬻ۿĻ֮ʿǿһա
һƬӰ֮УǰӰֱӴӰӰ֮˳˫۸ֳӡһЦȡһذһ´ԼԴ
ذ֮бһʴ˰Ӱ꣬kͨͨ˺顣
һƬ֮УȻ˫۸ֳŤӡһָ
һ̺ŷ֮ľ޴дһնͷkһΪ궼ֱն顣
һ֮䣬ʿǿ߾ѾֱԲã·½Ķǿһӿ⡣
һźɫıӺڷħ֮зɳųӡγһֵǻý硣
Ļ֮һǻý֮ϣǻýһһȴ˿ûбݻ١
һöɫıС顿һΪ׵ĳγɵı顣ǻ;ֻͨǡ顿ǻһڻһ֮ϣһ壬¾ס
ڷħеһö顿ǴһʥĻڻõľȻһĻѾ޽ӽʥʿǿߣҲȻ޷һݻǡ顿ķ
棬֮裬ձصٱ֮
Ǻڷħ˫һĨâ쳤Хء
Щڵϵħǿжһ˿˿â޷նɱڷħעħͶڷħ½֮濹⡣
ϣ㾹Ȼðҵϣȥ
ǻƽս֮ϣĿĮһȭңң
һɲ֮䣬һ֮ĿֲȭӰ˺Ѳ񷣬գͷڷħֱӺȥ
ڷħһĨ֮ɫĬģһָ
һֲޱȵĺɫ籩Ȼںڷħ֮ӿֲķлơ
һʥǿҪ˺Ǻɫħ磬ҲҪȫһʱ䡣
֮ĿֲȭӰһںɫħ֮ϣһ㽫Ǻɫħ飬ȥƲ˳ƺǺڷħ֮ϣǺڷħһ÷飬ȫըѣһƬɫѪһ·еһƿ档
ÿ£
Բãһħһȭ䱬̫ˣ
浽ʲôô˿ֲ

ЩڵϵħһĻж˺⡣k֮೼治Ȩ֮ƣв֪תʲôͷ
ڿǲԸ⳼߶ֱӸɵħǿǶ壬Ҳû˸ѹ
ɨǹڵϵħǿߵɣ
ǣ£
ħǿһŻƽս֮ŵ棬ޱȵĹâ
ʮȻѹħǿߣʵǿ֮ȴ߶֮ꡣ
˿ûκεģһλ㣬սħڵͻӿλ棬ħȫѹ
ֻҪʿǿ߱ȫѹǿ߸ʲôˡ
ǼЩ飬Υ
ָһöһߵǰ
߶ۼkǹͶɲŵkǡ
ɫ䣬ǯƵkǵֶΡһ̷һö飬ȫԼƿ֮С
еʿǿѾסߣһʱ֮Ҳûκ춯
Χһһ˿˿ޱȵعҫսȻɳգǲ񷡣
Щعҫս˵һڻ𣬶׼·ħǿߡ
ָһһعҫսڹâ΢΢һһºһɽ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УһСɽرֱĨȥ
ÿֲƻǵھŽ׵ƻ
ЩǵھŽ׵Ļеܣ
Ȼô࣡

ħǿǿ֮Ǽڱβعҫţһбޱȣг˿־֮ɫkǶѾֻҪһعҫžܹλľӢɱ˲أֱ塣
ǣ£
ǺħһʶعҫĿֲʮֹϵĽһöֱһ¡
Ĵ߶οЦǱֱ¡
һű飬ȫƿ֮Сκα
濪ڵʱˣ֮ţħ
ǣ£
ħӦһ䣬˫ģһһͷɫ̷òӢһ԰׵Ӿͱֱ˳
ħһѪػߵѪܾͱпƬѪػߵӿû֮С


1082 ʥߣ
ѪһûգһŤһޱ֮еͭŻ֡
Ķһͭţ˫֮ӡ֣Ѱһ֮ŵľΪ֮ڡ
صַǲ֣ʿʵۼǿ߶Ѱһ˺ۼͻᱻǿŪС
ʿʳ֮еַʿʳ֮еĶǿһַŪС
˫΢΢һһĨ˷֮ɫȻҲԴͷڣ֮Ż˲ֻֻʿʵۡǸǿ߲ܹҵԴͷ
֮ԽأʹıԽ󣬾Խڴ
һ֮Ż򿪣¶һ֮ͨĽݡ
ǣŰܽŵС֣һ̤֮ǰһû֮ڡ
Գħָһţһöö¾Žϵǿ´Խ룡
ѾһΣһֱû֮ڡ
·ħľŽǿ߿֮еһöö飬ɫ΢΢һ䡣˶һk̷һö飬ȫƿС
ŮʿȻʵߣҪȥ
ɽĿҲڳߵϡ
ûѾ޵УһͳλҲֻʱ⡣ʶʱΪܣһֱ֮һ˵֮е֮ŵʲôҼȻѾЧ£Ҳûйϵ
̹ȻһЦһһ·ɵǱԳħǰӹһö£̤֮ڡ
ɽŮʿһĻԥһᣬȻûǰ
˳ַ֮ɳʮŽǿǱԳħǰ±飬֮ڡ
ħ֮еľŽǿȴȫĬûһǰ
ϾǿߡԾѹħ壬ֶ졣ϾǿߣħǿȻôǿߣҲֻǿڷĲǿߴгĴ㡣
һ֮ڣ㿴һԪħܡħܶʮŨС硣
һϡɣصʯһС֮ڣÿһʯ֮϶ޱȵӡ
Щޱȵӡ溣µǿһͻᱻǹӡʴɡֻ溣ϵľǿ߲ܹͨۿЩµӡһƪƪ춯صĿֲط
λ֮УطϵطԴͷ֮ţǳ֮ŵط֮Ƴ³¿طֻطλľ콾ǿ
֮ڵʯΪʮססǧסĸȼ溣ǿֻ߽ܹʮ׸ߵʯһ׸ߵʯͻʲô
ɨ֮ŵʯһۣһӣսȻɳЩʯȥ
ܿʮ׸ߵʯ֮ǰһսˣɨʯ֮ϵӡ
һʯϵӡһɨ裬ûݿ֮ڣܹ
ܹѾӵдʥĿֲһ׵Ľһӡȫ
һ֮ţһ֮󣬷׷׷ɵһ׸ߵʯ֮ǰʼʯİ
ʮ溣ǿ߷֮źҲ׷ѡһʮ׸ߵʯв
ʯİȻ֮۾΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫЩӡ֮еϵʯ֮ϼŵӡһ춯صľطȵۼ䡣пڵۼ֮ϣһ㱦䡣
ܹΪֲӵдʥĿֲĸ
ĿƼ֮УصľܹҴûֹܹͣĽ衣
ܹһеʮʯӡ֮󣬱ϣݳһֲ㱦ƪ¡
һָһ֮ȪȻ֡Ĭģޱȵӡ裬֮С
һ˿˿ֲ׵ĲʥȻ֮ѹķ
ǿֲޱȵĲʥһʱ֮ڵλǿߡ
ħ棬г֮ɫǴ˵֮ʥߵ棬ѵһ˵֮еʥߣ
Ҳ棬ܵ˿ֲ𺳣ʥߣһʥߣʥߣֲûǿ󣡣ʥ߲Ǵ̫ѾƬѾʥߵôʥߵģ
ҲĿɿڴʥߣȻʥߣҾȻ˻ŵʥߣ
ʥߣ£Ȼһʥߣ
¾Ȼһʥߣôܣ

ʮ溣ǿҲһг𺧣ʧе
λԶʱҲһλϵǿλ档˥֮ش䣬Ϊλ֮󣬾Ѿ޷ʥʿǿߡֻһЩַ֮УܹһЩԶʱдʥʿǿߵź
һŵʥʿڴ˵֮Уһ˾ӵѹһĿֲ־Ϳһʮǿߣսֱ쵽˼㡣
ߵĵ̣ҲЩһַ֮лõʥźЩʥźشɱһʿǿߡʥźʥǰȴǲһ
ЩλǿԭЩ뷨ǸӦ֮Ƕġ
Ȼһʥߡħֻȫ̷kһ·ֻΪū塣
ħһĨɬѸٵΧһۣɫ΢΢һ䣬һɵ֮⡣
Ǻħһۣһתɫ΢΢һ䣬һΣҲȥ
֮⣬һɫĹâҫħ֮ŷɳħǿϷ
ħķתطֱӴЩħŽǿ߶УħеľŽǿȫȥһöҩ£Ȼ֮ڡ
Ϊʲôħˣ
һ£̷һö飬ħ彫ݣҲûһ˿ϣ

һ֮ħ֮д
ħһŵʥߣ
ħһƬžһĨ֮ɫЩ溣ħǿǶħĸ߲㣬ٶʥʿźʥʿźħĵ̣һŵʥʿֱ
һâȻɳ֮ڷ˳ֱӴǿߣһŵʥߣоŽǿ̷飬֮ڡԲܹħ壡
Ůʿһ𺧣֮Ų֮ɫʥߣȻһʥߣ
Ǿɽɫ΢΢һ䣬һΣһ֮зȥ
һ̣ħľŽǿ߶һΣһɵ˱Գħǰ̷һſű飬̤֮ڡ


1083 
һ֮ţħǿǾͿһ֮Ȫ֮У壬ӡ֣γһӡ֮һɿֲޱȵʥ֮ѹķ
ʥߣȻʥߣ
ԭʥߣֲǿ󣡡
Ȼһŵʥߣ

ħǿһӦһɿֲޱȵĲʥɫ䣬֮ɫ
ʥʿǿ߾Ƿ֮УҲһһǿߣλ߲㡣һػһ壬һһ塣Ȼڲ֮λ棬ʥʿǿҲǿߣħǿȻκġ
һСʱ֮ſһӡһֱûڡ
һ˫ۣʱ¶һ˿Ц⣺ط˲𣡣طҵȫԼӿһĻָٶȡ֪ȫ޳ɣʲôЧ
ڻ֮ɵıԴ֮ˣ궼֮ķˡ㶯ø䣬ҲҪһпȬ
֮ǰʾ֭Ҳ֮ûκΰ취ڽֻǽ֮溣ƪطϣָٶȾһֱ֮
ǰ̤һǰʯ֮ڡ
ǰʯʮʯʮÿһʯ֮ǰսɨ衢ʯ֮ϵӡ
ܹת㣬ʿƪطݶ
ɨһƬطһֱۣתطӡ֣֮Ȫһ˿˿ޱȵĲȪˮûڡ
һɸӿֲĲʥ֮ѹڳڶǿ߼
ЩǿǶĿתĿΧŵӡĿ֮ɫ൱潫һĵ·չʾkǹۿkв鿴ʯҪǧϡ
һ֮˫ۣһʥǿ
ʿƪѾϣӦʥʿƪˣʿƪҵĻָٶʮǽʥʿƪɹҵֻ¾ܹȫָ
΢΢һһӴޱȵ֮Լ΢΢һɨ㷢ӡļӳ֮£Щӡһǲ֮ϵɫ
ÿһƬɫɰͻøǿһ֡
֮ɵ˺˵ǽѣͬҲһԵܹȫ֮һ˿˵ôһ˿ʵ
һ̤ǧ׸ߵʯ֮ǰ
֮ڣֻʮǧ׸ߵʯʯ֮ϼŵӡÿһӡӵо춯صĿֲ
Щս˸޷ǧ׸ʯ֮ϵӡȻҲ޷ܹн
Щӡ֮гޱȵΰսҲ޷˲𣡣
һĨ֮ɫ˫һ¸ֳޱȵӡһƬǧ׸ߵʯ֮Ͽȥ
ɲ֮䣬ǧ׸ߵʯ֮ϣһųޱȵĹâһӡϵı仯ݻһ¡׵ط
ÿһʯ֮ǰʮ죬ķ˰ʱ䣬Žʯ֮ϼŵӡ¡⣬ܹ֮ڽн
ʥʿƪȻʿƪǧֹʥܹҲڶʱڽϡұ뽫һƪʿʵƪ¡ʱ䲻
΢΢һһ֮һߴ׵ʯ֮ǰ
ȻʲôûУ
׸ߵʯ֮ǰһ㱡һʯ֮ǰʯһ۶ʱһ
һ׸ߵʯ֮ϾһӡҲûС
ԣӦҪطܹʯ֮ϼŵӡ
һתոѧطصӡȻ֣Χγһӡ֮
һӡ֮˫֮ǰ֣͸һӡ֮Ŀ׸ߵʯ֮һ¸ֳһö£һӡ
һµӡȻʥʿĿֲǻۣҲȻ⡢޷֮ӡԼʶ֮ڡ
濴һޱȵӡһĨ֮ɫһ¾ף㱦伶Ĵڡ˰ⲿһֱһ·Ϊʿʵۼǿߡ̫ˡ
κεۼ䶼ֻܹһʿʵۼǿߣǿûԿ·ǵۼһ·Ҳֹֻܹ֮޷ǰ
һ㱦ȴǿһ·һֱﵽʿʵֱ֮졣
һ㱦ʿʵ۵ǿߣЩԿ·֮УΪ淨ʿʵۼǿ֮ʵΪ޴ֻⲿ㱦ʿʵ۵ǿ߸ЩԿ·ʿʵۼǿ߶֡
ˣһ㱦Ҳ֮߼ǿ߶Ϊ֮ģԵkӵо޴ޱȵĲοֵ
ɶԲѵ˵Ҫһ֮ſܹһط𣿡
תطҪһӡ£Ϊ
ʱ֮ڣһʯ֮йâҫӡЩʯ֮зɳһûڡ
صӡӳ֮£˫һųޱȵĹâ׸ߵʯ֮ϡ
׸ߵʯ֮һöޱȵӡܵǣһĴʯ֮зɳһɫĹâһûʶ֮ڡ
һöޱȵӡһûʶ֮ڣųޱȵĹâ
䡿
һϢԺ֮һ¼סһž֡һâҫڳ˶ֱӴͳ֮š
¡¡
һֲ֮У֮еʯʼѡ
һ֮һ֮ϡ
Ϊ֮ѣѷ·һɫʯ֣һ˿˿Ϣ
һһɫʯбһĨâг˿һȱ֮
һȱܹ֮õôһΪʿʵۣͿһԾΪߴ޵ʿʵۼĿֲ
ֻ֮ÿһޱȣϡٵ˼㡣Ҵ󲿷ֶӵ飬߰ޱȣʿʵۼǿҲԻõkǵͬ
ǡҪһ֮ҪǲƲҪ飬ȱĵۼرҪѷɫ֣ҲԲΪ
Ϊһϵҫһһøǿ󣡡
תطһֱӹᴩգͶһɫʯ֮ڡ
һɫʯȴͬһûκβ֮С
â΢΢һ֮ȫҲֱӴͳ֮⡣
ϧǿһȱ֮
һĨϧ֮ɫȻ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺һջСǡ䡿ֿٽһ


1084 
֮λ棬ǧʱת˲š
֮λʥ֮ڣ滺˫ۣһɿֲ׵Ĳʥ֮л
һĨ貵Ĺâ䡿һ˲طȻ꣬ͬʱǿڵѾȴʥǿߣҲȹȥǿϡϧԴ㣬ûа취γɴʥĲ֮ڵսʥʿڵǿҲδҵĶ֡
ʥʿҲΪڡڡڡ۷ĸС硣ʥʿ۷֮󣬾Ǵʥ
ʥʿĸС֮ÿ֮ĲҲΪ޴ʥʿǿһʥʿ֮
֮λǧ꣬ĿǰΪҲֻǴﵽʥʿ۷֮
ȻʵǰѾԽ׳Ϊʥʿڵǿߡ䡿֮󣬵̱øĵԴҲԼμҪͻʥʿҪԴҲͨʥʿϰٱֹ
΢΢һ̾ʥʿĽ̫ˡ
̳˲ħŲѹԴȻûнʥʿڣɼʥʿ֮ѡ
ãã֮Уػ֮񶼽ֻʥʿڵĴڣҪǶǧѡ
Щʥǿ඼ǺķꡢϵʱŽ׳ɹ
ʺ磬׵ľŶΪûԴֹʥʿڡ
Ȼ취ʥʿڣһͱ붯ԭ׼ʯѩԼǿߵԴ
вõԤУֻ鷳
üͷ΢΢һ壬һᣬ΢΢һΣ뿪ҡ

һ񳲶Ǿ޴ޱȵѷ֮Уǿǰ̴֮зɳ˷ͻΧ
ǿƬ֮ɱ
֮⣬ʮλ֮еǿ嶼׷׳ֱ֣ڲͬǹǿɱš
ɱǿ߽þ޴ޱȵˣʿ֮³ɡ
ʿ֮ǿ߶סǰ˵ɱǿߡʥʿϹҲ׷׳֣ǹɱǿߡ
ǹǿɱȻһǿ䲻٣ͬҲܹջ޴ޱȵˣͳһϡ٣ʵľǿߡ
ǽӶնɱ˹ǿߣƻ˼ιļƻҲԲ֮ܽ죬һѩšʯ֡
Ǹ֮йһߣʲôҲʵôͻ˥䣬ǰս֮еľǿ֧䣬Ϊµ塣
ǹǿ޷Խʿ磬ЩǲǿȫƵλ˼Ϊء
ʮҳһ׵ĴսΧһֱߴһף֣ͬһһ㣬벿λžſŹͷ­а
һͷžſŹͷ­аһʥаͷħǾŸͷ­µӡֲ֣ޱȵĺɫ⡢桢Ⱦ֮ӿǴսΧǿǺȥ
һػǿʿϵĹǿ߱Ƕһɨ׷ױʴһ̯ˮ
ǻһһֱܼܻӻɻҡ
аͷħЦǣͳͳȥɣΪҽ
ȥ
һս֮ڣһ֮һߴʮףһɫףɢŰʥǿȻɳݺһаͷħնȥ
ʥĹǿߣҪ㣡
аͷħһЦֹâҫγһӡĴ֮ڡ
һţͷǧ׵ţͷаʥ֮зɳָһţͬһֻһһѽǴɫ׵İʥǿֱץסһ
ΪʲôҲ
һɫ׵İʥǿ췢һޱȵĲҽ֮Ȼ˴Żһֱ󱬡
һȺͳͳȥ
һţͷаʥһ֣һЦһģһֲֻľһգһսֱ飬ǿ߶ĳƬ
¡¡¡
ţͷаʥԳ֣ͬѹһ㣬׾پͽһƬĹǿͳͳ飬ȫɱ
Ũˣ̫򵥣̫ˡЩĴЩ̫޴ˣ
ţͷаʥһƬĹǿȫɱ֮һ¶һ˿Ц
ǹǿһ弶񳲸ȻԴԴϵǿӿӴܣȴʿǿ߳Χɱ
Щǿһѣͬһʿ֮ɱ١
ʿ֮Ѿгһٿӵλ汻ЩǿɱȮһſǡ
ʿ֮бȳǿǰȥΧɱЩѵĹǿߣʥʿǿߺòײŽǼ
ˣǹǿȻʧأkʧħǿʿǧϡǼȥǹʿܼ߰Ҳջᱻʿ̲
ʱˣ΢޴ǣǵĩյˣ
һ㲻࣬Ȼ֮
صӡ֮ӿĽϵһ
һսȴʥǿߵĽǿ߶ʱȫήһƬƬҽʧ
Щ鲼֮еĹǿһųһ˿˿ޱȵĹâŤеѪ֮ȡһɻҡ
һѪɫâڤڤ֮еķһû֮ڡ
ӡһɢʥϡĿֲϢ
һɲ֮䣬һɿֲΣԤӿǿߵС
һɫĹâ֮˲䱬˷ϯȥ
ûκ죬ѷ쾹ȻӲĺһ޴ޱȵĶѨ
Ǹֲޱȵľ޴Ѩ֮УӿĿֲϢ
һʿʵۼĿֲϢǸ޴ĶѨ֮дһʿӽ
ãǹǿǿ˺ѷ죡
kҪһʿʵۼǿ͹
ôѷ컹ûȫôܻkôܹǿнһʿʵۼǿ͹

֮УеʥʿǿһӦһɿֲޱȵϢɫ䣬жһĨ֮ɫ
һʿʵۼǿǺճڳʥʿ㶯õۼرҲܹ˶ԷȻͻᱻԷͳͳɱ
ʥʿǿʿʵۼǿߣΨһܹģҲߣһصĿռ֮ڣӲд
һʿʵۼǿߣֻҪѪ˥ܣ긯Ĵڣһʿ磬Ǽ޵еĿֲڡ


1085 ֮
Զ֮УӦǲϽӽĿֲǿߣгأ⣡ǼһôҾҪѰ·ˣ
ڿԽһʿʵۼǿߣǵkԽգ棬Իѡһʱߣ߶֮С
Щһ̾ȻԷ׼Ժŷ
ʿ֮УѾȫʿʳ֮Ҳһ֮λ棬Ŷһλ֮ͬһ໥ɱ
֪ʿʳֵ֮µţ˼ųӵнʿʵǱĹＶš
ʿʼ仯ÿһλ涼øӳǿ
ǲ֮λĻҲһ䣬øӾ޴󣬶ԪءħҲԽԽŨ
ǰȥʿδزܵһߣѹ棬濹⡣
ֻǹǿȻս鼫ΪḻʿƲӵʱǿжÿֲһʿʵۼǿ͹ʿ硣
һһʿʵۼǿ߽ʿ磬ֻʿ綼ݣkƿ֮С
ǿߵĿԽգһʿʵۼǿ߿ȥȫء
Ȼ֮䣬һƬѷ֮һ´һɾ޴ޱȵķ֮ѹһʿʵۼǿϡ
һʿʵۼǿһһѪѣ·ʱпҪ
֮ںϻûнʿʵۼǿ߸޷ǿдԽ棬ֻ·һ
ھ߶޷Խ棬ʿʵۼǿôܹ
ӡӡѷ죡ᣬǵô֣ӡѷ죿

һʿʵۼǿܵش˶΢һһЩʥʿǿ߸Ǵ֣ٴηӡǸѷ졣
ЩʥʿһĿĮĶѷ졣kǶĴѷ֮ио˴ա
мʥǿ߲÷ӡĵۼرһ˿ܷӡһѷ졣ֻǹǿǴĻߵһԱһޱȵ񳲲Žͨ򿪣ôܻǿ߷ӡ
һɫȻ֣·֧ذһ֮ͨϡ
һԷ·ڱβɫ΢΢һȣһ㼶Ŀֲͬɽһ㽫ͨ˺ѣӲ󼸷֡
һɫħȻ֣޾ı֮ħ֮ӿγһͨı֮ͨ
һֻ̺ӡ·滯㲻Ȼ֣ޱȵûڤڤ֮Уķ֮⡣
ڤڤ֮УӡݻγһˡˣɢſֲޱȵϢ·
֮һɨЩ˵ĴͳͳΪС
ķ֮׽һʿʵۼǿˡ֣Ӳĵסķ֮Ϊһʿʵۼǿ߿ٳһ·
һԭѹ޷Ĺʿʵۼǿһֱͦ
һʿʵۼǿÿ̤һӰһ֡
֮һʮףһɫʯɲĲ֮ǰ
ǲ֮˾ʿһ֮ǰӶ˫ȭݺݵһһ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صĿֲ֮УԲʮ֮ڣе»ʿǿûлص֮ڣֱ𱬣
»ʿ֮ϵħǿҲؿһƣһѪزһơ
ǲ֮ȫһ֮£ֲޱȵķ֮k˫ȭֱ飬Ѫ񷡣
֮һȴ˿
˼򵥾ܹͨͽʿ磬Գ֣ʿ֮еͳͳɱ
֮ÿ
һߣһ߸ϣĮ߰
ǣ
֮һ˵һߡ
һɫ΢΢һȣһɫ֮γһ޴ޱȵķУһն֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһ³һ޴ޱȵѷ졣
֮һײݺݵײǾ޴ޱȵѷ֮ϣһͷ­Ǿ޴ѷ֮ײ
֣ɵk
ɵkܹõk

һǿޱȵƬ֮лص
κǿ߶ʮһǲ֮ȫ棬ôΣˡ
һâҫǡն񵶡Ȼ֣ȼգӡ֣һն춯صİɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬ǲ֮նȥ
ն񵶡ȻֻһƵĵۼرɵkһɱرƻۣӵеۼرʱ֮顿İٱϡ
ֻ֮һͷ­Խ棬һͬСɽһͷ­ͬһ˫һųޱȵĹâ
ǲ֮˫֮зɳӭǣݻγǳһɫĵâײȥ
һɫĵâһնǳ֮ϣӲĽǳնѣ˳һն£նڲ֮ͷ­֮ϣնһֲѷ졣
һεɫıѪǲ֮ͷ­֮ϵ䣬ɢء
ԶĻԻʹʥһĻһĨ֮ɫÿµķ
һЩʿʵۼǿһͷ­һ棬һһ棬ԻʹʥһܹԷͷ­شԷ
ǲ֮ķֱ죬ӲĵסһֻһСˡ
һâ΢΢һһۼرзȻɳ
ǡзһۼǿԶŽվзħһֻзǯƶɵĵۼر׼κرǳޱȡ
ԶŽվзħƾһۼر£ͬ׵ĵۼǿɱ
ǡзһɳ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺݵǲ֮ͷ­ȥ
֮һ̧ͷ˫۸ֳصӡݻγһƬɫĽ磬ա
ǡзһǿֲޱȵɫķѣֱ飬˳Ƽ˲֮ͷ­֮ϡ

ǲ֮ͷ­һ±һ޴ѷ죬ӡ֣ӲĵסǡзĿֲһ
һɫħۼر֮ԴȻɳգǲ֮һա
һӰɵģ䡢ԹϢͷȻ֡
һ̺䡢޾⡢ʥʿֻҪմȾһ˿Ŀֲɫ֮ǲ֮ȥ
֮һſڣֱ³ſɫǳǾſɫǳγһޱȵĽ磬ǿգڵkǰ
һʥʿ׸֮һھǽ֮ϣӲıǾǽ絲ס


1086 ֮
׶СȸָĹͬˮһ㣬ǲ֮ĺȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǲ֮֮أͱһ޴İӡ
Ǿſǳ⻪ҫסƬأӲĽͳͳסʥʿǿ֣߳޷ݻǾǶս硣
Ŀ䣬΢΢һǼսĴ֮и֡
Ǽսһ֣ǿߵĿ⡣
սħڵĵ̣սһʮΣյĸо
֮еĶħ֮һǼսбһĨ֮ɫ
ħʥһƬ֮УҲһĨâʥҲƳ˵ơ
Ǽսһ֣ڹâ΢΢һһɲ֮䣬˺Ѳ񷣬һǾſǳγɵĽ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǾǶսֱ飬Ǽսڹâͬ
ߵǻе·ӣĸսֲ˼㡣Ǽսڹâʿʵۼǿ߶ܹش
Ȼۺսһʥʿǿ߶ܹݻһǼս
ǿ
սħֲĻеܣÿµƻ
սħڣȻ̲

Щһеǿɫ΢΢һ䣬жһĨ֮ɫ
ǾǶսһ飬һºǲ֮֮ϡ
ǲ֮һЦһ¸ֳء貵ӡ̺ʥʥʿ֮⣬ǿߵĹͳͳkļգõkϢȻһء
ס֣ʥʿǿ֮⣬ˣֹͣkܹǵĹԼ
ԻʹʥսεȷḻһĻʱɫ䣬췢һХ
һƬ֮еǿ߶ɫ䡣
Ƭ֮Уӵеħǿ㣬ʥʿǿ߲Ҳ֮ȻǿߣܹԲ֮˺ģҲֻǲʥʿ
һȺϣлҿ
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֮Ϊ֮һǲ֮ײʿ磬һӲļ档
һɲ֮䣬ǲ֮һ¹ѣѪǿա
Բ֮ĿֲޱȵıѪܵǿգǿдԽɵĿֲ֮ǿkҲܵشƲסѪҺ䡣
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ӡγɵĺɫͬӵһǲ֮֮Ĵɢ
Ǻɫ֮֮Եֵǿ߹ҼһĿή
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ǲ֮һſڣһѪԴֻ΢΢ݣûбǡڹǵľȡһ顣
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ǡħӡһǲ֮֮ϣҼһº飬ӡ˲֮ڣһʣһεαѪֱˡħӡ֮ڡ
һֻӡ·һͷŵķ˰ĵۼر˵ǹճ˺Ѳ񷣬ſֲޱȵĻ棬һ˲֮ڣֲޱȵķһŲ֮
һֻףӡȻ֣һǲ֮֮ϣҼ飬ѪĽ
ǲ֮ǿ죬屻ı֮䣬˫֡˫ŶӡֻܹĿЩۼرһԼ֮ϣܴ
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ۿڵ֣֮һᲹ㣡
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һɿֲ׵ķ֮˲һ룬һɫ˫һ˲ֱӱʧ
֮֮ڡ
ǻһɫë֮е֮΢΢һһһɫѪ乬֮ڡ
֮΢΢һ̾УܵķɹȻСƣҲҪʮܹȫָ
һֲ֮ǿߣͨ˰塣κΣյkǶܹǰ֪ͬǿ֮⣬ֻҪԼԲˡ
֮Ϊò֮ͨУܵ˾޴ޱȵ淴֮ˡ
һйϵѾŵ֮޴ĺôkܳ֡
Ϳǵˡ
֮ĿһԽľ룬ѷ֮зһС
֮ƴȫγɵɫһն֮ϣǲ֮ǰٴնѳһֲѷ졣
ҿ
֮һŭһȼվѪͬһصľ߷һԾ
Ǿ޴ѷһȻպϣֲͬաһ㣬ӲĽ֮˫նϣõk˫˹ͨʿĵ·֮ϡ
һռ籩һǲ֮˫ȱ㲻֪ĸռ֮ڡ
ǲ֮Ҳһ˲ԽգӲĽٵʿ硣
ǡ֮Դһתգʧ
ڹǵľȡһ⣬˺Ѳ񷣬ʧ
ħӡ΢΢һһħȻ֣˺գһͷѷ֮ڡ
˵ǹҫֱӱʧȻʮһȼŵͩ֡
֮ӡҫһͷȻ֣˺գԶȥ
з΢΢һһӲ֮ͷ­֮ڷԶȥ
ӣûô򵥣°ɣ
֮һЦһץ޴ޱȴִѹգǡзֱץס
ǡзһһ½ǲּ֮һ޴ޱȵĿӡ
ûõģȻѾ档ôȴľǻ𣡣
֮һЦſһ
ɲ֮䣬޾Ԫħͬˮһǲ֮ӿ
֮һһֲޱȵ籩һֲ׵Уû˲֮ڡ
ǲ֮ϵĸһܼĿֲٶȷϣϢԽԽֲ
ʮ֮ǲ֮ϵ˫һ³˳һһ˿˿ѹء


1087 ʯѩ
֮һ»ӡһץ
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飡
һţͷаʥ˫۳죬췢һŭХһ±仯Ϊ׸ߣصţͷħ񣬻Ӷһ·ͬһɽһ֮һֲֻĴֱӺȥ
һֲֻ׵ĴһӲĽǾ޴ñ飬˳ƽһͷţͷаʥץС
һ˿˿ҫһͷţͷаʥӲǿֲľץסԽգڲ֮ǰ
ǲ֮˫۳죬ſѪֱһ̣һھͽһţͷаʥ¸С
һʥʿĿֲǿ߾ǲ֮Ӳɡ
ЩʥʿǿǼһĻһг⣬׷ʩչطһޱȵĿռ֮ڣԭʧ
ʿ֮Уʥʿϵǿ߼ọ̃ǲ֮ƴɵĿܽ˵Ĳ֮ѹ
ֻʿ֮еʥʿǿÿһ࣬սɵľǿߣȻ֪ƴȫǲ֮һս
ʥʿǿֻҪʩչطһռ䣬֮һƶ񤡢ƫƧĽ䡣кܴܱܹЩߵ׷ɱ
Զ޵еĲ֮΢΢һɶûϣ𣿡
ǲ֮һҪѹĿǲ֮λ档ֻҪk֮λԼƿ֮Уʿ֮е༸ʿʵۼǿ߸գҲδǵkĶ֡
֮΢΢һһֻɫļʸ˺գ̺Ȼ壬һ˿˿ֲޱȵĵ˲Ϣ֮ǲ֮ǰһ´˲֮ڡ
ȻǼʸ֮ʴǲ֮壬һ˿˿ѷӲ֮
Բ֮ʵûôױǼʸСkѷ֮ѡ˫ϥϣֽܵۼرĴԴܵشűǼʸһ塣
֮գеһһĨأȻ֮ǿѣѵ´ĻԵ𣿡
Ȼ֮Ȼǵk˵֮еߵȾĸ񣬵kȻš
Ȼ֮kȻû䣿
kţˣ

һ֮дݣ𺧡
Ȼ֮ǸߵȾҲǸߵȾĸ񡣵kҲһʱѾڵϹ
һϹﾹȻڣֱ졣Ҫ֪һʿʵۼǿƽҲӵһԪͬʱ֮ҴսԴ֮˵ĵۼǿ߸ʮ궼ûл
ʱִѾмʱ䣬콾Ѿʱⳤ档
Ȼ֮Ȼ񣬼ֱ졣
ûѣֻǷԼĲҲֹ𣿳ѣһս磬ҵˣҽ֮У㣡
֮գȻһЦһɲȻǰһֱӿԽ꣬һĵλϷſһ
һɲ֮䣬ĵλ֮лľ㡢䡢滯ңһĩ֮
ĵλ֮Уееͳͳֱߣû˲֮ڡ
һɺޱߵĿֲλ汾Դ֮ݻγһֻսìŻİ壬ǲ֮ȥ
飡
֮һЦһȭһֻսì֮ϣԾµ˲䱬սìһƬ
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һ춯صľ֮Уһĵλֱӱ飬һ
֮ſһ㽫ĵλλ汾Դ֮ͳͳڣøǿֲ
ʿʵۼǿҪ㣬˲ʱ塢ռ塢˰֮⣬㹻λ汾Դ֮ǿнװ벽㡣
ڹ֮УһʿʵۼǿǴݻټĵλ棬ͻ⵽ķɣù˵ͷܵų⣬ܽװ벽㡣Ҳֻ໥ɵʱ򣬴ݻӵֻסλ棬Щλ汾Դkǲܹװ벽㡣
֮е֮˪λıԴ֮װ벽֮һ㣬Ϊһߡ
λıԴ֮ɱȿ޲ʱ塢ռ塢˰Ҫ׵öࡣҪ֪ڹʮʥ֮УҲûм˲ʱ壬͸µ˰塣ڿռ壬ʮʥ֮Ѿȫƿء
ƣ
֮һŭصӡȻ֣΢΢һӲĽkһֻȻһĴڱƳ

ô죿Ȼ֮Ҳ޷kѹ
ǱkƳȻ֮Ǿˣ

һ־˷ЩʥʿǿһĶŲ֮ж¶һ˿˿־֮ɫ
ʱǲ֮Ȼ֮Уսӡɡû㹻ǿǿ߳ѹkôkһȻ֮Ƴ˿ơ
üͷ΢΢һ壬лһ̾⣬ҵתƣǱˡ
ʵԶͨʥʿǶǲ֮ʮ㶯ӴޱȵĻеţҲ޷նɱǲ֮
ľУȻУǻѡ˱ᣬһиԼĲ׽֮뿪ʿҲϧ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ҲͰˡѩôϵϣ˵ġ
ʿ֮У󲿷˶УֻʯѩʯѩŵȼӵĴڡ
֮㾹ȻԽǵ棬̫޴ˡ
һĵ̾Ϣ֮һ绪ǵľ̤նУŤգͶӰһĻʵǲ֮ǰ
˭
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һ𺧵Ŀһ¼һ˵ϳ˺档
濴һˣĿɿڴ֮ɫѩȻѩ
û뵽ʯѩȻǲ֮һʿʵۼǿߣkһ٣ѹأ˸kΪС
ʯѩȻǲ֮ǰֱ𺧵˼㡣
֮ĿʯѩһۣһĨ֮ɫʲôˣ
սħʯѩǰѹ֮ȥɣ
ʯѩȻһЦһɿֲޱȵĲĽ֮ѹļ˻ġkһӣһӨѩӡĵۼر֮Ȼ֣赽֮С
ǡ֮һų貵⣬һѩȻ֣ѩ顢ѩ֮Ǳѩ֮Ĭơ
Ǳѩһ˲㽫֮У貵ıѩӡγһ֮ǲ֮ϯȥ


1088 ʯѩս
֮壡ǱħۡԶűת
֮һĨ֮ɫųޱȵ⣬Ӷ˫ȭݻǳǱѩγɵıѩ֮ƺȥ
ǲ֮ȭѲ񷣬һѩ֮ƺõ
ѩ֮Уÿһѩ֮Ʊѩ顢ѩһһ飬ɻҡ
ÿһѩ֮Ʊǲ֮֮оͻḲһ㱡ı顣k΢΢һһֱӱ顣
ʮѩ֮Ʊ֮ѩҲûһڣʼ
ر⣡
һ쳹ء
Ǳѩһ˲䣬һޱȵĺᴩգһ´˲֮֮ϡ
ӡȻҫһӡ˲両֣ӲĽǲ֮Ϊһ޴ı顣
رħѹصطǱħת
ǱħѹأǿߵطѵǱħ۵ĺ֣

һɵ֮ʿеǿ߶ʮֺʯѩ
˶µʯѩһۼǿĺ֣ǵkʹطڶת֮˭ȴûܹµó
໥ɵʱԶŵϹﶼ˳Ȼ֮һѾ䳬һ꣬ʱѾڵϹﶼѾ֣ʯѩһϹתûܹµó
ҲһĨ֮ɫǿԭһۼǿߵĺ֡
Ͳµʯѩֻû뵽Ȼ죬Ȼһۼǿĺ֡
κһʿʵۼǿ߶ӵһѹһĿֲ
ڵ棬һʿʵۼǿ߶ûСֻԴһ߼أսﵽʿʵۼ
ҿ
Ǿ޴ı֮У֮һ·һ춯صľХ˫һţӲĽǱֱӳſ÷顣
Ǳըѵһ˲䣬֮֮һ򷨲֣ɸֵʥʿΪõҼһ飬ֱСһȦ¶ӡĹѪ⡣
ʯѩһУֱӷУһεɢŲĲѪ
ÿһβѪǾѪʥʿ˽֮Ҳо޴ĺô
ʯѩվ֮У绪ƽ޲֮ǿпԽ棬ѾˣҵĶ֡ͶɣֻҪԸ⳼ҡͿԻȥ򣬽ա
֮ȻһЦü֮䣬ɢ޾İͽʯѩȻ֪һǿתҪҲ֮߶񡣶ңǰѣѵҪҷָһ֮г˯Щһɲƾ޼ɵ̤㡣飬ʹΣҿԴӦ㣬ǧڣ֡
ÿһʿʵۼǿһ涼붥İһЩܵ˵֮⣬κһʿʵۼǿ߶ɱ̤ǿߵʬǣһǶ۷Ŀֲ
Ȼѹ棬ҲԽһʿʵۼǿΪӡ
ǹʮʥ֮УҲֻһҵʿʵѡ߳ƳЧңΪЩʿʵۼǿ߶ǿߣҲǵk
֮һ߳ӣѱİ
ǧ꣬ǼʵĴûᡣ֮Ȼ㲻ԸͶǾȥɣ
ʯѩ֮һĨâΧһ¸ֳޱȵӡһָ
ɲ֮䣬ǡ֮նųޱȵӡǣ֮ڤڤԲʮ䣬еԪħܶתΪһѩ֮
ضһ˲תΪһѩǱѩ֮ڣִƱѩȨܵǿʵԱͬʱ˵ս
Ǳѩһ֮֮ͣϵһ±䱻жϣ޷׵֮еĸǲ֮һɡ
ǵۼǿÿһתطɼڵԪԼԽսԽǿʥʿǿ߸ܽkǺ
Ǳѩһ㽫ʮ֮ڵĸͳͳתǲ֮ɸ
ʯѩǰһһ³ǲ֮ǰһɱѩɵǳ磬̺űѩ壬ǲ֮ѹȥ
ȤȻˣǾսɣ
֮˫֮ս쭣Цֳصӡͬһ𲻰ܵħ𣬻ȭʯ˫ذʯѩȥ
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ʯ۷壬Ȼ˲𣡣
֪ʲôʱʯߣԶԶǲ֮֮ޱȵɡ
ʯʯĳʯ塣۷̬Ҳǲ֮ǲ֮ʯѩĽ֣۽磬ǰĵ·
ѩĶʯѩ֮֮ɫǿǾǴ˵֮еʯѩ㣬̫ǿˣ
ѩʹŮʣһʿĿֲڣӵнΪʿʵۼǿߵǱһ򽾰ޱȣûн֮еκ˷СҲֻһʯ΢Щɵ
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ûȫָ
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ǿʿʵۼǿߣ

ʿ֮УһϹǻ˫ۣʯѩ벨֮һ˿˿̰֮ɫ
ʿʵۼǿߵѪ߼ǿΪ֮ġЩۼϹܹʯѩͲ֮Ѫ⣬ͬҲԻþ޴Ľ
ѩң棡һһ䡿Ӧöá
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ʯѩõһ䡿֮΢һ˫۱ųޱȵĹâһģģ֮еӰȻ֣ǲ֮һ
Ӱһ֣ʯѩʵʱһһƺǲ֮֮ϣǲ֮һֲĶѨƬѪء


1089 նɱ֮
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ʿܼ½ʿʵۼǿߵҲԽԽ̡ʿʵۼǿ߶ѾʹֶΣҷӡ֮УҪʿȫ֮ʱͬʱѡ
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֮УǿǱʿ硣鱨㱨˹档
Ϊˣǲ֮Żӧʿ硣kǿ׼˳Щ֮еʿʵۼϹǵһʱƴ֣kͬھһkվȽŸָȫʢʵһ˾ѹʿ磬ý
ر
ʯѩ֮ųޱȵģһѩȻ֣ʮѩһ˲֮γһ֮⣬ǲ֮֮ϡ
һ֮һգ֮İ䱻ֱӱ⣬·ʱ䶼һ㣬õk԰ȫʧȥ˸Ӧ
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֮΢΢һ̾˫֮һޱȵĹâȡһöʯʯѩһ
һöʯΪ֮顿ǲһ幩£ľ̺ž춯صĿֲ
ǡ֮顿â΢΢һ˲ݻгһӴޱȵ磬֮УһɢʥĲǿֱֳָʯѩɱȥ
ʥʿǿѾӵлˡɱһʿʵۼǿߵ
ǡ֮顿ڣ˲һǧļ֮Ƹһγһǧ˰ʥʿĴڣĺγһɣʯѩȥ
ӣûô򵥣
ʯѩһЦĬģһָ
ǡ֮âҫѩ顢ѩȻ֣Ԧűѩ籩һǧ˰ɼ֮ԼγɵĿֲսɱһ
ʯѩǡ֮顿һ˲䣬֮˫һ˺˺ѳһ񱩡֪ͨʲôطĿռǿռֱײȥ
ǹ·ĿռʥʿǿߺҴ룬Ҳǿռ֮Уֲϵرʱ䳤ˣǿռ֮ڡ
ʿʵۼǿһǿռ֮УҲᱻֱӴ͵һƿصĵطпܱ֮еһ֮ڡ
ʿʵۼǿÿһʵ춯أժֻУ֮ͬһЩȻγɵأkǽ붼ֻ·һ
ûбҪκһʿʵۼǿ߶ѡռ֮ڡ
ռ䣡
һ֮ǡ֮顿ƿնһ´һռ֮ϣӲĽƬֱӱ⡣
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̫֮籩֮зɳʩչطһģʧ
һͿԿԽʮľ룬ʿʵۼǿߵĿֲ֮ԴΧkȫһʹΧ֮ʧʿʵۼǿ֮
ʯѩһЦӰһ±һ֣һ±ʧ
һ̣ǲ֮ǰѩƮ˲γʯѩ壬һƲһ˿̻֮ݺݵĺǲ֮ڡ
ѩӡ˲䱬һѩ˲֮ڣŵkꡣ
ǿֲסѹһеı֮֮£ǲ֮˼άʱ䶼·ȶһ㣬ɭɭڵkĲ֮֮
ѩƣʯѩͬһ޵еħһȭһȭĺǲ֮֮ϡ
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ֲıը֮ϵĴӲ֮֮дƬʯǲ֮֮ըѷɳһſŲƵǳ档
ǲ֮Ϊ˽ʿʵۣ֪˶ǳkÿһ缡һǳԴɡ
֮˫âȻֹֿͣ΢΢һ̾ʯѩ㵽ʲôתңҲף
һǿޱȵҲʮصĻ۵˴˵ء
ܹ֪ʯѩĵϸԸʱҲԺ׼
ʯѩ֮һĨâϲҵĵ˴Ի䡣ԣҵʵݣ㵽ڤ֮ºˡ
ϧ
֮΢΢һ̾ӡڵk֮и֣ӲĽkΪһ޴ı飬ȫûϢ
ˣ֮Ȼˣ
ûܵشôܣóȻʱⳤ֮ѣôôɱ֮
ǿһʿʵۼǿߣ֮ˣҲܱѹʲôôǿ󣿡

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ʯѩһӣ㽫֮˫ն£һӣֱû֮С
һò˼㣬ɢŴʥֲĸߵȾȻ֮и֣ס˲֮˫֣ʯѩһһ¸ֳһ˿˿ռԭʧ
ʯѩһſšӡ顿ͬһǾ޴ޱȵѷȥǾſŷӡһųޱȵĹ⻪ӲĽѷֱӷӡ¶һ˿϶
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ʯѩӰһ³ǰһתʵ֮󣬱ԽľתΪʵ塣
ʯѩȻһЦͬٻţ磬һˡ
΢΢һů΢Цͺáǰѣ᲻Ӱ죿
ʿ֮УҲֻʯѩһӡԪסѩšʯȼӵĴڡʯѩһۼǿתҲϴ
ʯѩ̹ȻӰ죡һγ֮󣬾ͱ˯֮ڣ޷ͻ˸Ǹҵġ䡿·Ƿһγ֣Ҫ˯ǧꡣ
ʱٿٵλ˯ָ𣿡
ʯѩУʿʵ֮Щʱٿ٣ط쳣λ棬Ѿ޷ǵĴڡֻڲ֮λطȱ̺ųλ棬ܹڳ֮лָƣֵʱĳˢ
ʯѩֶһ磬ڽʥ֮ʱһҪڲ֮λܹþ޴ĺô춨֮֮ʱ쳣λ棬ûбҪȥһ㡣
΢΢ͷҲԼоʥʿ֮֮λʱ죬ѾǺܴ󡣴ֻװԪ


1090 
桢ʯѩսħɫ콾ΪѾ㹻ɫϧʯѩѷһһλȻһۼǿת֮죡
ǳʳڵĸմ½֮ڣǳŮͨսħڵ磬΢΢һ̾г˸ӡ
ǳŮǳ֮ʵ㣬ǷҪȥһλ£
κһʿʵۼǿ߶ѹļ˻ģ涼Ϊ֮ĿľǿߡЩߵϹǲʯѩȫԺ棬ѹ¡
ǳʳףưԹһʱޱȣʯѩǰҲͷ­
սħڵ桢ѩšʯʥʿһԾΪʿ֮һʯѩĳ֣ͽսħһΪʿµһǿʿţԶԶʳ֮ϡ
һλ£ܹʱ䲻ࡣkֻ²ϲǰȥkǳ֮΢΢ҡͷһ񲻿ɷϣȥһ£λǷԸӼҵȡȥһˣʾ𾴡
ħʳ
ħ֮֮ϣޱȵɣħӡʥһλʲôˣ֪
һһӡǣһɫɣ˿ĿĴʥǿħӡʥһλȻǰѣɱ֮һʷ֮ߴʿʵͬһ޵а
ħ֮һ̾гӸ飺Ȼһ޵а
ʿʵۼǿ֮Ҳǿ߱ǳ֮һУǿ߱ߴʿʵۣѹ棬޵С
ߴʿʵȫʢ֮ʱҲ֮Ϊ޵аkǶͬ׵Ϲսһͬ׵Ϲǻܡɱ
֮Ҳͬ׵ϹսϧҰܣűΪʿʵ֮һ
ʿ֮е޵аÿһѹأţ޵һʱʿܼ㣬kӵгĿܡ
ħ֮һǵħӡʥһλܹ죿
ʱʯѩѾʿѵĵһǿߡkѹ£Щıغ˳϶սħڵУ޷֮ᡣ
ħӡʥһЦõġһλֻܹһ졣ֻҪĽ㣬ô;ԲһϡһλǰѣٳһָܹơֻҪսħڱƵͲÿһλķӦ
ħ֮΢΢һЦȥһλϾ޵аҲʸǰȥ
һâҫʳߡһʥʿʥǿ߷׷һսħڵķȥ
ǳ֮УҲʥʿǿսħڵķȥ
һʯѩճһɱ˲֮ǲ֮λʿԻᱻ뿪λ棬ķѡǱӣ
ȻûκκøУǶʯѩһյʿʵۼǿȴ𾴡
սħһ乬֮ڣսħڵи߲㡣
ǹλ֮Ϸһ֮棬һ֮ʯѩ
·һС̨֮ϣͬΣֱѩԼʯ
С̨֮£վһսħڵĸ߲㡣
Щսħڵĸ߲һĿⶼĶ֮ϵʯѩжŲ˼֮ɫ
ʿʵۣkȻһλʿʵۣɣ㻹ˡ
һӿ֮Ϸ绪ʮʯѩһĨ˼֮ɫ
տЦһµϧ̫ϧˣ꣬Ҫܹ㣬ͺˡ
ŭҲЩʵ΢΢һ̾öˣǿߡһӡɣ˹ʺˡ
üȻһЦǵȻɵ۹⣬Ȼ
ܹʯѩΪͽܣ֮ϵͽܣҲ԰һӡսħڱһԭ̫ϳϵҲɣмʡ
ʯѩһʿʵۼǿߣһ޵аһеľǿߡܹΪǿߵʦ˲ĴԵ
һսħڵҫʿǰʯѩһѩ£ǳ֮ǳŮʥʥ´ʥ
һսħڸ߲ʱ˫۷Ź⣬һ¶һ˿˿˷֮ɫ
Щǳʳĸ߲㣬֮еĴһʥǿߡĴﾹȻǰսħڣֻΪʯѩսħڵ硣
ʯѩ
ҫʿӦһߣȥǣ
Ƹʥ

ħʳħ֮ħӡʥ


ᡢ֮еĴǶ׷ǰƳ֮ת֮İϣ֮⣬ǳ˵ĴǶѾǰʯѩʾ𾴡
ʯѩǺԥľܾ˵
ʦС֮ʱػǡµ۹̷ҿ׳ΪʥʿûϣΪʿʵۡҪʥʿ
ʯѩһۣһĨº֮ɫһһöɵġµ۹㸡֮С
ʯѩʱս죬һʿʵۡոת֮ʱͬСޱȡҲɽ߾ȫ֮£ܹѸٵĻָԼʵȡԼصıغͺ֣ڶ̶ʱ֮ڵǶ۷塣
ɶʯѩãʯѩȻҲԸԼʦ޴ĺô
һĨ֮ɫҵʺͱ£ʥʿѾһӵĿꡣҴûʿʵۡѩѡȻѡʥʿǰҽԪǾˡ
Ĳ˶ԪҶ˯ʮˣ
ʯѩһЦһ㣬ӡ֣ǡµ۹һ峺ĺһûɵڡ
һ¸ֳصӡתطǡµ۹Ŀֲ
һ֮ȪգǲȪˮɵڣŵkꡣ
ɱһʿڵǿߣǡµ۹֮Ȫ֮£Ϊڽһ·ͻơ
һСʱ֮󣬷ԲԪħͳͳ۴˵أһֱֲûսħ½֮ڡ
˽ʥʿ
˭˭ʥʿ
ǵսħھȻ˵ʥʿǿ£

ǻսħ½ڵǿǿɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ÿһʥʿĳ֣һ˵һ¡սħֵһʥʿ̾ͱøǿֲ
һ˿˿ɱ֮һţЩսħڳûһʱðͷһkǳͷԻᱻʯѩ
ɵϢָƽ֮ʯѩȻһЦ⣬ûһʱⳤ֮ʧ


1091 ׳
һøŬʥСʥۼǿսʸûС
濴ʯѩʧʱⳤ֮ڣĬĬ
һս֮֮󣬾޵Уս졣κʥʿµĹȫߣᱻkԼȫ޵С
浱ѾݹͶȫҲֻܹǲ֮һЩˣȻеȫ
ǽԽʥ֮ӵһۼرпڲ֮Ŀֲǰѣִɱ
սħһ֮ڣᡢʿѾѵĶǿߣʥĿֲǿߡ
Ķǿ볿֮еĶǿǴ֮ڣμķֳ໥֮˵⡣
һʿ̤֮ڣʿŵĶǿһʯѩѾȥ
Ȼˣ
֮еһӰʥһЦǰһ󲽵뿪˵ء
֮еһҲ΢΢һΣһʧ
֮еһҲʧ
Щǻ۴˵أΪʯѩ֮вʯѩֻδʾʯѩ𾴡
ʿʵۼǿÿһ˵鶼ͬǳ֮ΪºͣػСڡǿ֮ȴرƽ֮
Щʥʿǳ֮Ȼûйϵ֮ƽ֮ǾͻʥʿҲΣա
ڵĵ̣ԴһҵĵۼرԼʵС
âһţֱӴԭʧ֮λ档
֮λȻѾʥʿٽףʱ쳣λȴгʱԼĵ·Լĵۼر
֮λһǧת˲š
׼ˣ
֮λ棬һʵ֮ڣ濴һͼ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һͼ֮ϵһףķһǧʱ⣬塢ֱ䡢ʯľڻɵսᾧ
оһ׵ǧʱ֮У֮ҪҲָ㣬·
оһ׵Ĺ֮УҲԼĵ·ϣԼδĵ·ã
һ׵ͼֱӴ֮λʧսħڸմ½֮ڡ
طȻȱԶ֮λ档ֲЩǿ߶֮ʱ쳣λ档
վսħڸմ½֮ϣ΢΢һתطоսħ½֮λĲ֮ͬ
֮λ֮еطȱֻ֮иܵһʥʿ
һĨ֮ɫô˵֮ݳĻرֻ»ֲȱݣݡ
Ĭģ˫һ¸ֳصӡͼϿһۣǳԽܹԵĿֲȻݡ
Լݣ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼ֮λд⡣һ߻ǰ֮ǰͼҲֻܹﵽʿʵ֮ûһ˿ܽ㡣ҵҪ˼·û⣬Ҳѡ
塢塢ʯͬСɣǵʿʵۼǿ߻˵ѹʿʵۼǿ߱Ŀֲʯһߡ
ľ൱վھ˵ļ֮Ͻݣܹһ
֮λһǧʱ⣬ҪĻľǲ֮λһǧʱ֮УΪûһ˿ȴľȴȫա
ֱӷսħ½һʵ֮ڣʼݡ
ʱţת˲š
ڳɹˣȻĿǰļʶ޷⡾סݵ֮⡾סƳɹʿʵۼǿߣҲл
һʵ֮ڣ濴еһͼ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǲ֮ʿһץ㽫һʥʿǿץУֱ̳졣
浱ǲֶ֮Σжǲ֮档Ҳûʮɵİմһλѡ
ͼһɣ͵սħڵԴʼͶǡס졣
ħ֮ĵۼʬĦʯԼõ䶼ֱͶǡס졣
תȫϳơסҪĵر
սħ½ƽĺˮҲԴԴϵĳȡûһס֮ڡ
ʮʱת˲š
ʮ֮䣬涼սħ½֮ڣÿ֮⣬һסס
սħڶ淢֮ѰҸΪǡסĲϡҲӣȫΪռơסĸϡ
սħ½һʵ֮ڡ
һҧ⣬ֱһѪûǰһ߸ߴʮףͨɫӡ֮ǶĦʯĻ֮ϡ
һѪһûһɫĻ֮ڣһɫĻ׶ʱųޱȵĹâһֲ׵Ϣֱ
һɲ֮䣬ԲԪڹ۵սħ½ϷγһƬƬֲޱȵơ
ʲô£
սħڣѵսħڵǿ߽ʥʿ𣿡
׷ʲô飿
ô£

ߵһ¾ʿ֮ǿߣһֲޱȵϯ
ǵۼر󣡣ҺķӴԴľսף
գһĨ˷ܵĹâǰ̤һһûǡס֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬ǡס֮б㴫ԴԴϵ֮еתΪӴޱȵħ
˻һ廯ǼƼľ衣ܹ֮֮ƼޣΪʿʵۣΪkԵɺ֮£Ƴһۼףǵۼ׵İ֮£սʿʵۼǿߡ
ʩжЩ˵ߣ
սħڣ֮һĨ˷ܵĹâѩźʯ˵
սѩšʯԶԶ֮ϣ۸·գΪʿȴԶԶڶŮ֮ϡ
ѩʯһۣͷͬɵ顣
һһ̳Уӭǣһ±仯Ϊһߴ׵İ̳
һ̤ǰ̳֮ϣĬģһָ
һɲ֮䣬ǰ̳ųޱȵĹâ
ޱȵӡȻ֣û֮У֮γһձϣԲʮĸԪңռ޷Զ߷һС


1092 ׽
״սħڷɳû֮УһƬƬŨڱգз
ˣ
սħʩչڱƬ򡣡
ýô£ΪʲôҪڱƬ򣿡

һɹǿ֮֮лص
ЩʥʿĿֲǿÿһǳףԶĿֲڡkʩչԿ֮ĳƬ֮еľ
ǳԽķҲͬױ˸ţޱȵĴڣûܹԽľӵսħƬһС
֮лۣߣ·ĩռ١
գϲǵ۱֮٣ֻжɹһ٣kܹΪۼر
κһۼرǾ춯أıһͻ׽ٵϴ
ܹͨ׽ϴһرܹΪϵۼرӵоܡ
΢΢һΣһ̤սħڸմ½Ȼվ֮С
¡
һصĿֲ֮һˮͰϸĴɫ׹⽻֯γһսìŻϢֱӴȥ
˫һĨ֮ɫתɰ壬ָһţһֲޱȵɺڶȻ֣գսìһ¡
ֲޱȵ֮׹ֱ֮ɣ׹ҫͬһ
һ̣ɺڶ΢΢һֱըѿֲսìһ¹ᴩġסڣһֲޱȵĴ󶴣׹ҫƻ
һ¸ֳһɺڶ׹⣬ǿԼ塣
¡
һ貵İɫ׹һºؿڣֱӽؿںһֲĴ󶴡
һؿڱǸֲ󶴣Ϊ֮ɫ䣺췣ף
ɽʥʿ֮Ҳд跨߾ȫҲڰСʱ֮󣬾ͱ׻ܣ涼첻
洩šסȻ췣һش췣׵ֱܼ˷˼
ʯգ֮һĨ֮ɫ췣淨ǿ췣ɱʿʵۼǿߡǸ磬Ҫֵ׽Ҳûô򵥣
ѩҲգ֮ɫ
ǡסѡѪһͬĵۼرҲֻһ˵ֿ췣סиǿЩǿ߶ᱻݻγɵ췣ɱ
ɵŮʥʿľǿߣժֻУȴȻ޲ߣ޷֮е׽١
Χһ¸ֳһʱⳤӣʱ΢΢ݣһ»ݵʮ֮ǰ״̬ȫָ
ʱĿֲ֮췣ȻǿҲ޷Ӳkȴû̺ɵ޷ֹʱݡ
գһĨ֮ɫڶͱƵʹƣ治ǵ췣ף
֮Уѹ죬ߣ·оֲ
Ÿ֮󣬾ŵɫ׹̺ŻصĿֲѹȥ
˫һǡס֮ӡҫ˫ȭӡӳ֣ݻгһſǳյ׹ȥ
¡¡¡
֮΢΢һ𣬰žŵ춯صľ֮Ǿŵɫ׹ⱻӲԾ顣
Ǿŵɫ׹һ飬һɫԴ˷ֱһˡ
ǡס֮Ϲ⻪ҫһڶȻ֣һ̣㽫һشʥʿĿֱֲɡ
ǡסһֲޱȵ֮ؿڵĦʯ΢΢һ˲佫е׵֮С
ĦʯһԽ׳Ϊ֮䣬ӵ׵ɰ塣
Ǿŵɫ׹һɣַԲ֮ڵ淨֮΢΢һΧһʮ
޾Ԫħܴ˷۶û֮С
ô£
ѵ˽ʥ֮
ﵽ׷ʲô£
ֱ仯˽ʥʿѵͻƣΪʥ

һǿ׵ͷ֮лصһĿҲ߻۶
֮УһңһһʥʿĿֲǿ˺գ߸
ɵķЩʥǿǴԶӣȴֵסЩʥǿǽĲ鿴
սħ½֮У㹻׹һһһشʥʿ췣״ͬһ㣬ȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬߶㲻壬帡һʱⳤӣؿռŻݻγһſŸɺڶ֮еĺɫǳյ췣׺ȥ
һ췣Ǻɫǳֱ飬һֱؿռŻ֮Уһֱɺڶɣһֱתʱ䣬Ƴһ¡
޾췣ײϺȴǸָ˼ֶη顣
ǡס֮ϸֳһɺڶЩ췣ͳͳɡ
ÿһǡסͻǿһ֡
Եۼرľ׽ǵۼرΣͬҲЩۼرĻԵ
ʮ֮ǿޱȵ췣ʧ
׹룬Ѿǿֲ췣׺û˺ۣ˫ֽڣֻʣ
ΪǡסǿҲԸ⶯ʱ壬ʱ⡣ǡסҲᱻʱݣ޷ǿ
ԥֱȡһƿһβ֮ľѪһ¡
ʯѩɱ˲֮ȥ֮ǰֲ֮ͬľѪ档
һβ֮ľѪһĿУ㻯һΪ֫ٺɢȥ
˺۵õһǿޱȵڵľƤȥѪøӵǿ
Ӧڵı仯գһĨ֮ɫۼر׽ǿ£ûǲ֮ľѪһξΣˡ
֮У׹ҫγ˵ǹꪵȸָıÿһֱ֮϶ɵĹ
һЩ̺ɹ췣׺УǿҲʱ壬ʱ⣬ָơ
ò֮ľѪѸٵĻָҲԵֵ췣һĹ
Ÿ֮֮У̺ɹ췣׹ɵһ̺ɹıͬһ㣬ȥ
ת㲻壬ͬһħһ㣬췣׹ɵɱȥ
׹ҫѪ
췣׹ɵɱǿףʮ֮䣬嵽˺ۣѪֹ˿ڼ޷ϡ
ǡסǺԥĽѪɢ׹ͳͳգøӵ貣ǿ
ǡסػסҪλǹҪ췣ױסŵĵط㣬췣ױնѡ


1093 
췣ÿһֲףǡססҪ꣬ʱͱ췣ֱӺɱܵԻָıԴ֮ˡ
ǿֲޱȵ췣ױȫʧ֮׹룬Ѿ˺ۣ׹ɭɭѪ
Ѫⲻϵķͼϣȴ֮ǰһ˲ֱըѿ
澫ͨطԶ֫ݹ⡢Ѫָǿ£ԽһЩԻָٶȶ۵ĳ֡
̺ɹ췣ױɵ˿ڣȴ޷ʹ಻
췣ױʧ֮֮ƹŸӿֲĹơ
ٵʱסҲҪʥ֮Ƶۼر͵ߡ
գȡһƿ֮ľѪֱ£гҡ
Ϊ٣֮е췣ײŻһĽ£洭ϢĻᡣ
֮ǰһۼر췣ױĺ£ۼǿҲԵֲֵֿ׵
ӹŵʿ֮Ƶۼر͵߱Ǵʥǿߡ׷ʱ֮ʮʥ֮һĶ౦ʥеĴ
˶౦ʥ֮⣬ܹڴʥ֮Ƶۼر޼ʥʿ֮Լ·ۼرˣһûС
Ҳֻ໥ɵĴ֮УʿŻΪøǿߵܵڹΧ֮ڣһЩѶȡ
ǲ֮ľѪһ£һɰԾصĿֲһɷк췣ױɹ
˺۵Ҳһ˲ָȫʢ
ûκԥȡһƿһƿޱȵħҩֱһָԼ
֮䣬֮У׹ҫγһ׵磬ÿһ׵綼ɢʥʿĿֲ
һ֮һ׵ֶʱһ֮һĨ֮ɫʮʥʿ׵磡ۼرŻֵľɱ׽٣ǾƵĵۼرȻƳһ𶥼ĵۼر
֮еʮʥʿ׵ÿһӵлʵʥʿ
ʮʥʿ۷׵ֲ֣ףһĴʥǿ߿ⲻܡ
ʯѩҲ֮еʮ磬֮֮ɫǶ˶˵֣սھͬǿߡһһǿɴЩ硣һҲսʤ֮߶һǾֲֻܹܡŶһǾֻܹӡ
ʮʥʿǿߣڵ֣Ի۳ôʥʿǿߡ
ʮ׵ֳ̺ɹ׵սì̤նУһ׹ǰӶսì̺ſֲޱȵ׵ȥ
飡
âҫͬһħ񣬻ӡ֣һɺڶΧ֣һһ׵ǰһȭ̺ſֲ׵壬һ׵ֱӺñ顣
һ޴ɺڶ֣׵ֱɡ
һ˲䣬ʮ׵糤ìӸ˺գȥ޿ɱܣ޿ɵ
һʱⳤȻΧ
ʮʱⳤһʱٶʱһָΪͬʱΣõkǴʱֱӴ
ȥƲͬһޱȵħһͷײ׵ϣӲĽ׵ֱײ顣
׵׵糤ìȴһ˲̴ǡסķûڣޱȵ׵֮ݻ
ǡס֮ӡҫһֲޱȵĺڶڵ׵֮һ߳ɡ
Ӷ˫ȭݻǳ׵ϣһ˲佫׵ֱӺ顣
ǡסһ¸ֳһڶ׵ıɢ׵֮ͳͳա
ʱⳤ΢΢һ׵糤ìſֲޱȵ׹ȥ
һǡס΢΢һȻһ֣ƬƬֱ׵սì֮ǰ
׵սìƬƬ֮ϣһ±ƬƬס
кâȻ𣬻Ӷ˫ȭ׵ֱһһ䱬
ʱⳤ΢΢һ׵սìȥ
һռŻȻ֣Ťա
׵սìŤյ֮УֱӱŤ໥һֲ̣ޱȵ׵ҫ˺Ѳ񷡣
ôʱȻ𣬽׵һһ䱬
ʱⳤ΢΢һ׵糤ìᴩգȥ
һɺڶȻ֣׵һ׵һ˲ɺڶ֮ڡ
ԴԴϵ׵֮ɺڶգȻֱӹעǡס֮ڡ
췣׵׵֮ԵףԴݻʥʿǿߵꡣǿ棬㲻塢ֲطҲ޷ٶʱɴ췣ס
ǡסħ֮ʬĦʯΪƶɵľǱɲ⣬ȫɺ췣֮
ʱⳤٴһ׵Ȼ֡
ǿֲĺڶһˢ׵ֱɺڶ֮ڣŵkǵ
һ֮׵ֳսìݺȥ
ǿֲɺڶһˢ׵Ҳֱڶ֮ڡ
ʮ׵֮һɺڶ֮ڣ׹ҫâ磬ѾڱıԵ
һץ˺գһ׵֮ץһȭɷ飬ǡסһ¸ֳһɿֲǲд׵֮ɡ
ǻߵʱⳤҲһ˲䣬ﵽ˼ޣȫʧ
׵׵սìҲһ˲䣬˺Ѳ񷣬ֲޱȵ׵֮ûڣһͽֱش
ͬʱѹ˶׵磬ҲѾﵽ˼ޣֻܹĿ׵սìڡ
ǡסâҫһɺڶȻ֣Ǵڵ׵֮ա
Ħʯâ΢΢һһɾޱȳӴǡס֮ӿûڡ
ԭѾɺԵһ˲ָкâһǿֲޱȵɺڶȻһӲĽд׵ɺڶ֮ڡ
ɺڶ֮У׹ҫҪɺڶֱ˺ѡ
һҧһƿ֮ľѪһ£άɺڶһ췣׵ֱûԼԼǡס֮ڡ
ǡס޾췣ǿĦʯĹâҲԽԽ貣ԴԴϵûڣǿꡣ
ֻ֮֮ĳһ±ƣǡʱ塿ֱӽһһٽ׳Ϊһʥʿڵǿߡ
ԴȻ֣ӴޱȵħܴԴ֮гȡԴԴϵĹעڣøӵǿֲ


1094 ɱ֮
ʥʿ֮ɺڶøӿֲ֮һǱɺڶһ׵΢֧һᣬֱɢǡסֱա
һе׵磬һֽʮƿħҩһ£Ȼһƿ֮ľѪ¡
޾ǲ֮ľѪ֮ӿѸٵָԼꡣ
ָ֮ȫʢ״̬
֮УƷڹһɿֲףѹصȻۣγһ׵սꪡ
һ̺ƻ׵սһͣһִͷڼΣԤС
յ׵սꪣ֮ɫǿȵۼǿߵһ£ֻȻʥʿ֮Ƶۼر̫ˡ
ĬģĳȡСһָſǳգγ˷硣
ǾľſǳΪ࣬ǳ֮γɵĶ硣Ҳǡʱⱦ䡿֮мŵ硣ȫģֵʥǿʮȫһ
ǾһͣӡǾſǳ֮ϸ֣˷ǳ֮
һſǳ֮ɵǳȻ֣ա
һ׵սꪴ˲˺գһſǳ֮ϡ
¡¡
һ춯صıը֮Уһſǳȫ顣ǾſǳҲ׵սһ̴ƣըѿ촷ۣ·ɽ
Կʥǿߵľһ顣
кâһת壬һɺڶȻ֣׵սѹȥ
һ׵սһ´ɺڶ֮ڣͬжһ㽫ɺڶһΪ׾ٵĹᴩġסԵ׵˲䱬ȫ
ͬһ㱻׵սꪴմ֮ϣһ׹䣬ڴ֮ϺһֲޱȵĶѨ
ͬһֻһ㱻׵սĶ˴֮ϡ
׹ҫǻһеĿֲ׹֮£˫֡˫һıñҽһʧ
ǳ֮ġ췣סڴݻ˫֡˫֮ҲȥҪݻѪꡣ
ǡס֮һ¸ֳصӡػסͷԼ꣬ϵ췣׵
һɹǿޱȵǡס֮ûڣڱǿֲ췣ɱ
ǡס֮ϣĦʯâҫ֮ǰ۵Ŀֲͳͳһ罫׵ս̺֮ŵɹһ
֮УǷ·ضȫڱεĺɫƻɢȥǴ֮ϵ׵սȴûʧϵĴݻšסꡣ
Զһֻɫļʸ̺ɭɭʴ֮˺գžɱȥ
ס֣
ʯɡѩŮһĻɫ䣬һȣ׷ʩչǰγһһķ硣
һֻɫļʸ׾ٵĹᴩʥʿִ֮µķ磬űضеɷ棬ֱȥ
汻׵սꪶڵϣ޿ɱܡ
ǾɱһһĨâ帡ֳӡһСû׵սꪸ
һֻɫʸһ˲׵ս֮ϣ׵սꪣֲ׵׹ҫǺɫʸֱӵɷɻҡ
ǿֲ׵׵սҲÿޱȣ׹֮ϣûѡ
ʯ֮һ¸ֳصӡ֮пһۣɱ⣬һһڰʴڰʥǸ˺Ҹ磬ҽʥ֮һὫǺڰͳͳɱһ
Զʮ֮Уһףͨڣͷ֮ϳһֻǣ¹ӡĺڰǿȻ֣ɭһЦսħҲֻһԼӹ˼ɣ찵ǰҲǼֻСϰˡǺڰǴʱʹǿ壬ƾ㣬Ҳһ壬ǳ˵Σ
ڰʥҪϻˣɵǣԷб䡣һЩϵҪɱ棬ûôˣ
֮һŤһͷ峤ߴʮףһŤ֮Уӡɢһ˿˿ʥħȻ֡
棬̫Դˡʥʿһĵۼر޴͸ǵۼر˺ô죬ĵۼرôֻǼ
һףͨɫħĺڰ֮зɳĿĮĶ棬һĨ֮ɫ
ҲҪ뽻ҡһŵǿʬ壬˴ߡ
һźɫսףŤͬϹһֻ۾ֻʣһֻۣ͹ͬһͷһǿҲ̤֮
һЦ֮УһףɢһȻʣŮͨɱѪ̤նĶʯѩŮһ˿˿аĹâŮ֮УһҡһʥʿŮū뵽Ϊ֮˷ܡǵѪζ֮
ڰʥ쾨ʥʥʳʬʥѪ棡Ĵôǰ˵أ
ɿ֮гֵǿߣʱһ
֮гֵǿÿһʥʿǿߣǺʥѪ涼ʥʿڵĿֲǿߡ쾨ʥͨɰ壬ǿסڰʥʥʥʿ۷ǿ߶˹ʳʬʥȻֻʥʿ۷Ϊͬ׺ףɱһʥʿڵǿߡ
һâ΢΢һսħڸմ½֮Уһһ֮⣬ϯȥ
һ汻սħڸմ½ǿ߽ҲԲ̤С
ӣô򵥣
Ѫ浭ȻһЦһָһŤռңԲĿռͳͳŤ
һ֮һûŤҵĿռ֮ڣʧ
һâҫսͬˮһսħڸմ½֮зɳ߷
Ѫ΢΢һЦ쾨ʥЩеܣͽˣ
û⣬ֻܹ֧һСʱǱһСʱ֮ڣǣ򣬺Ը
쾨ʥ΢΢һΣ˺գһ·ɵս˾֮ǰſһأһھͽһսС
һֲޱȿռ䲨һƬֱӱ쾨ʥһΪûлɱ쾨ʥ֮ǰҪԽƬգڳ˵Ρ
ɣ
Ǻʥкâһſһ磬һɽ󺣣ǳĺɫϯȥ
Բǧһߵٶϣȼڻ棬·仯Ϊһ硣
Ҫ㣡
ʯ֮кâһ΢΢һΣһ±仯Ϊһ׵ŮʯˣӶһʯ֮սǺʥݺնȥ


1095 ɱڰʥ
һŮʯǺڰɱһ𣬿ֲޱȵ˺ѡ
ʯÿһ̺ʯ壬ֲһӴǺʥǺʥۼױᱻֱʯһʯ
ǺʥĻһʯŮʯϣҲͬϨ𣬷ȼգŮʯϵʯճɻҽ
ʹŮʣ֣ܹľѪɣ˵ܹٽһʥʿڣѩţͶɣֻҪԸ⵱ҵūѪūҿԷһΪҵĹȥ
Ѫ⻷ƣγһޱȵѪ̤նУͬһ첻ܵѪ֮ħѩɭһЦ
ƾ㣬Ҳ뵱ҵˣҵֻһǾ磡ȥɣ
ѩ֮кâҫٶȰ壬һɫĹâŵӶȥ
̫ԴˣٶȰ壬ɲ޵еİ塣
΢΢һЦһָ
һѪɫ˿Ȼ֣飬ա
ѩŻɫâһͷײѪɫ˿֮ϣޱȵѪɫ˿׵Ľkսסնѿ
ƬѪҺѩ֮ӿһ׵Ѫɫ˿ߣһû˵ڡ
һĨĹâ˷Цʹ֮ʵѪζлʱʱҸܺȵѪҺ
ѪѪǿߵѪ츳ԶҪǿöࡣǵkͬܵѪҪǶ۷ʮѡ
漶ѪѪǿҪһͱɱʥʿϵǿߣɵkǵľѪпܴѪһ
ɱһͨʥʿնԷľѪҲõʥʿͻƵڡֻʹŮʥʿֵľѪܹõkһͻƣʥʿڡ
˶ĵļһ
ѩ֮һĨâȻֳֳӽһնһʥϢ̺ſֲĹ֮âնһѪɫ˿֮ϡ
һӡγɵѪɫ˿һ类顣
浭һЦһ»һƬѪʧ
ɹӡɵѪɫ˿߱ն֮ѪɫĹâ΢΢һһѪɫ˿߱ٴ۳͡
һޱȵѪɫ˿ͬƹ֮һѩȥ·޾һ㡣
Ķң
ʳʬʥһЦſѪڣһ³ʥʿǿߵʬʥʿǿߵʬʳʬʥһͬȥսһš
սħʥʿֲ찵ǿǣס
Ǻڰʥкâһֳʥرһֻʥʿǿ߼׵ƶɵġʥ棬һɿֲ׵˲䱬
޺һɫĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬̺֮ʴһСһУȥ
Ǻڰʥȡתطһ̺ɹ򣬾У޿ɱܡǰۼǿߣһ壬ҲᱻشʿʵۼǿûзһУͬܵˡ
һâҫһʮȻ֮С
һʮֳֽ֮ܣγһ޴ޱȵĽ֮ܵǰ
¡
ǡʥһᴩһ֮ܣ˺һʮ׵Ľ磬ͬһһŤƹһʮ׵ı壬ֱȥ
ĿɭȻ΢΢һŤƴʩչռŤգǡʥһŤǰһָʩչɷǡʥ΢΢һŤһ´׹ҫ׵սꪡ
Ƕؿڵ׵ս׹ҫֲ׹񱬷һǡʥ֮ϡ
̺޾ɱɱһʥǿߵġʥâ֮ӰҫһһʥʿԹꡢɱⱻǿֲޱȵ׹һһ
ɿֲ׵ǰĺѪģ
׵սꪵֵһ˲ֱӽƿ֮ľѪһ¡
ƿ֮ľѪ֮һɿֲޱȵת䡿췣̺֮Ŵ֮Լ꣬Լϵ׳
׵֮ŻͬҲ
Ҳֻʥʿʵսطܹ׵֮תΪ֮
Ǳ׵սѹƵġסҲâҫһɺڶȻ֣׵սꪡʥ̺֮ŵĿֲ
һֲޱȵɺڶȻ֣׵սԼʥͳͳɣڵ
찵Ȼ˹𣿡
ޱȣɱĿ֮찵ǿɨһۣɱֱ
ڰʥ濴һۣ˫֮жʱһĨ⣬ֱһھѪûˡ֮ڡ
ǡ֮һӰҫʮͷ溣ǧͷʿʮʥʿԹֱ֮ӷɳ֯ƣγһֻļʸ
ʸ֮ϹӰĹ֮ۻĺڰֻҪй¶һ˿ܹһŵλͳͳᣬͳͳתΪ顣
һɫĹâ΢΢һһֻʸ˺Ѳ񷣬ǰüȥ
飡
âҫ˲串ˡסӡҫݻγɿֲޱȵǳһʸ֮ϣӲĽǿɱʥʿʸֱӺ䱬
ʸһ䱬ӰֲޱԹ֮ƬƬĺۻ֮ϯ
ͷϷɺڶһ̣ӲĽۻ֮ȫɡ
ôܣôǿ󣡣
ڰʥһĻĿɿڴһһʩչطű䣬ŤŴΣһٶȿһΣԶȥ
ǺڰʥԶۼǿҲشǽսȴͬǿ֮УƵλ
ӣ
һĨɭ֮ɫָһۼرʱ֮顿Ȼ֡
һӡγɵʱⳤӴӡʱ֮顿ӿû֮С
̤ʱⳤӣΧʱһ¼ӿʮ
ǺڰʥʱԼʱһ±˾űǵkʥ겻ʱӰ죬Է쳣
ȥ
һɲ֮䣬Խʮľ룬ǺڰʥϷһȭ̺壬ݻΪǳǺڰʥֱѹȥ
ڰʥһ¸ֳؽ磬һͭ޶Ȼ֡
һȭһͭ޶֮ϣֲһͭ޶ܺ÷飬˳ƺǺڰʥ֮ϣһǺڰʥ顣
ͷ֮ϵǿɺڶ΢΢һţӲĽǺڰʥһ¡


1096 ѹʥǿ
ɺڶϲǺڰʥɺڶ֮ڲǿֲޱȵ֮һǺڰʥ֮ϣǺڰʥֱɡ
ʱ䣬ͷϵɺڶʧ
ڰʥѹˣ
ڰʥˣ
ÿٶȣÿµļһ

Ĵʥʿǿ߼һĻһһں
ǺڰʥһǿߣȻսȴҲǻʵʥʿǿߡһǿ߾Ȼ֮Уֱ˺š
ս˾ħ΢΢һΣֱ˺գŲȥԥĽԼͬ
һſһѪһѪ΢΢һȣâҫ˺Ѳ񷣬֮зȥ
ڰֱſһ磬һɫħӵkĿзɳʯȥkһΣһɫĹâ֮зȥ
쵰
ʳʬʥһĨâŭһ΢΢һΣӡҫǼʥʿʬУȻһ֮зȥ
ӣûô򵥣շ
֮кâĬģһָ
ӡȻ֣֮Ŀռ֮ӡգѹأʳʬʥһ·ӡƬ֮С
սԶԶȲʯѩ֣kȴµķշ֮һ
ҿ
ʳʬʥ˫֮һĨâһŭ˫צһ´֮зһ˺ӡ֮ҫһ˿˿Ӳıʳʬʥ˺ѳһ޴ޱȵķ϶
һâ΢΢һʯʳʬʥǰһȭʳʬʥȥ
ʳʬʥ˫צһ¸ֳİӵk˫צ֮зɳͬˮһʯӿҪʯȫɡ
ʯһȭֲʯ˺Ѳ񷣬â֮һͷͷֱӻһʯ֮׹䣬顣
һ˺֮ʯٴκһȭ
ʳʬʥצǿһǿֲ֮£ֱ֮׹أһѪ
һ׵ӡʳʬʥ죬ʴһʳʬʥ֮һͷʳʬʥͱʯһС롣
ʳʬʥɫ䣬ſһ磬һ߾ʥʿʬӵkĿʯȥ
ѩתٶȰ壬廯һɫĹâֱû֮Уһɲ֮ڵǰӽǵһնȥ

һĨâָһţһѪҺȼγɵĿֲѪ״ѩϯȥ
ѩһնޱȵľ֮һ´Ѫ֮ڣ˫໥֯ϵĵ
һʱⳤӴ֮һ·ɳǵһˢ
Ȼһ³ٻ˾ű
ѩ֮ʵ󣬵kȻͣ͡ѩűȻޱȵʥ⣬һ˺Ѳ񷣬ӲĽĻնѿݺݵնڵ֮ϡ
޾ľֲ֮ͬľ綾һ㣬ǵһľ
ֱӴʱⳤ֮ðֳ֡߱ذסݺһ̣һ´˵д塣
ӡǡ߱ذס֮и֣ڵ֮ϡ
Ѫ˷һ»ǵ֮ϣõk޷ѡ
һĨ־壬غס֣棬ѵҪѪѪ岻𣡣
ݣǾͲݣ
һЦһָǵü֮ϣصӡ֣һûڣӲĽӡ
һͭײȻ֣һɫĹâͭײ֮зɳǵһǵһ¾ͭײ֮ڡ
ѹ˵棬ĿԶȥֻǺʥ쾨ʥʥʿĿֲѾӵòӰ
ǿҲ޷Ѱҵʥ쾨ʥǿߵλá
Ŀ΢΢һɨʳʬʥ֮ϡ
ɡʯǿ߾ʳʬʥʱһëȻΣԤС
ʳʬʥɫ䣬е棬ߣҿԷģӽԲԣͬʱ֮ȪֻҪսħڵˣҾ˱ǧ
Ҳδ̫ˣֻҪѹ㣬ĲƸҵ֮
ĿĮһĨ֮ɫһ̤նУʳʬʥȥ
ʳʬʥսҲʤսk
ʳʬʥ˻ߵغ찵ҿ찵鱨㽻찵֮УʿʵۼϹĿֲ֯ҪǸɱңkǾԲŹġ
һĨ֮ɫʿʵۼǿô׳֣kǿѣͽ֮ѹôܻò֮棿
ʿ֮УһʿʵۼĿֲϹǶ˯ʱĳ֮Уȴѵʱ临գѡ
κһϹѣ븶ʹޱȵĴۡһЩܵʱʴصϹһѣֻ긯࣬˥ϲһ¾ͻҽֱ䡣
ǲ֮ǿпԽ棬屻ѷʱǵkʱЩʿʵ۵Ϲܹɽ棬ǲֱ֮Ӵ򱬣ȡ֮Ѫꡣ
ܹ֮ʥʿ֮ǵۼرסɹϵĹ͹鹦ڲ֮ľѪͱ׽ٺɱ
ʳʬʥ˫ϥһһ¹ڵϣͷ棬һɣֻҪһԸΪЧߡ
ҾͿǿǣ
Ŀ䣬ʮֹĳʳʬʥָʳʬʥĺԵȥ
ʳʬʥ˫֮кâһޱȵѿһֻɾֻħ۹γɵŹȻ֣һ
һʥʿǿĹħֱȥ
֪㲻ô
һʳʬʥһֲֻĴָšסݺһȭŹ֮ϡ
Ź˲飬ʳʬʥһ·һ춯صҽ֮Ѫ仯Ϊһֻֻʳʬ˷ȥ
ЩʳʬʳʬʥԴֻҪһͷߣkܹȥ
ʯֱӺһȭһʯâأʯ֮֮£һͷͷʳʬֱӶʯһſʯͷ֮зȥ
һЦһץӲĽһͷ֮УʴޱȵʳʬץУӡһûһͷʳʬڣӲĽһͷʳʬӡ
찵ʥʿǿΧ棬һӣѹÿ£
棬ñȹȥǿͿֲˣ
Ǹ׽٣ʥʿ֮ȻƳۼرˣ̫˰ɣ

ЩոոϵʥʿǿǼһĻж𺳡


1097 ನ
սħڵĵ̣ԽԽֲˣ
һλػĵط
ۼرƳ˵ۼر
ôܣʥʿ֮Ƴۼرôû׽پԲʥʿܹɹĴڡ

һֲƬصһЩ޾Ķ⡣
ƬһۣһЦ΢΢һΣֱûսħ½֮ڡ
ʯսħڵǿҲ׷׷սħ½֮ڡ
ЩһӦսħ½֮ڣЩĵȴ
սħ½Ѿ澭Ӫ꣬Ϊϳ鲼ɱʿʵۼǿ߲ܹԾϳݻ٣ʥǿ߽룬ҲǾһʮΣա
ЩǿȻҲǿսħ½̶Ѩ
ܲڵһؿռ֮ڣһɢ޾عԵĸɽʹǸɽΧ衣
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֮ǵۼرɽƿƿ̤ʿʵ֮Ϊһʿʵۼǿߡ
ڡɽ볿֮ĵ·ûϣԼԭ򣬵k޷Ϊһ޵а
ǡɽˣһΰޱȵĳһˣǳ֮ϣޡ
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һ֮Ϣն֮ϣӴǶޱȵѪɫ䣬ӲĽǶޱȵѪɫֱնɷ飬һ˿˿Ѫɫʧ


1098 ǿ
潫ȥĿ΢΢һѪλķһۣ¶ɭɭɱҪŭңǰѪλ𣿡
Ѫλʮλ֮һԻǿơѪѪһЩѪ涯һ֮ǿʥǿҲԿ⡣
ʥʿǿ߱ҲֻʥʿڵΪɵkΪһػһסλ֮ϣһԿʥǿߡ
ĿɭɭɱһָƽѪλԺʵ֮ǰ̤ѪλΣյط
ѧλѪ󹫾ҲѾֱӻգ
桢ʳʬʥʥʿǿ֪鱨եֱ֮ӱơ֮Ȫ
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֮·쿪ˣ
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һǿޱȵһӦͭɫŻдĲɢһɹ˷ޱȵĲ
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һһǵص룬һͭɫĹײֱӴ򿪣һڷԵ׵Ӵǹײĸ֮ѣɢһɿֲ׵Ĳʥ
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ӰһתΪʵһ½Ȼȿռ֮зɳʵĳƬ򣬱һ޴ޱȵĺ
һֲޱȵϢǺ֮ʥĿֲϢ
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һĴʥͨطȷ˶Էݣҵ
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ͷһƽսֱӷɵ׼ɳĮϷһԵ׵֮дء
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Ǵ΢΢һһ½ӰȻ֣תʵһ³硣
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һʥҲ̤նУǻƽս֮ǰƽӣ̫ʱԼǻƽ彫߾ȫΪЧ
ЩһʱѵĿֲǿߣ׷Լĺ֡·һ㣬һһֲĴ·һҹ֮䣬˲֮λ档


1099 аħʥ
޾Ԩλ6666㣬һƫƧޱȵİ׹ɽȻѣԲʮ֮ڣؾѷ˷ȥ
ӴޱȵԨԭ˷۶ûǿֲѷ֮ڡ
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һ鲼Ǻʬǹ֮Уһſʯըѿһڰʿʯ֮в˫ſֲ棬һӺڰʿǿֲħʥڵλü۶ȥ
޾Ԩ6666λ֮Уһʮյѿʮյ֮߳ʮԨħkǶԼĲ£ǿֲޱȵħʥǰ
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޾Ԩ֮УһɹǿޱȵԨλӿһ޾ԨλԨǶַͨ߷һС
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аħʥ˫գħӵk˫֮˺Ѳ񷣬һ޾Ԩɨȥ
аħʥĿ֮޾Ԩ֮еһԨ׶˳ĬʩչԼһԨλ֮УĬ
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һ֮лصΰаħʥҵأٴ˵кιɣ
аħʥһǱɨһۣһ޾Ԩλ棬ҵλ档ӵеԨȨܣңȥ
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޾Ԩ֮УһԨ׿޾Ԩ139Ԩױаħʥֱ󱬣Σһ
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ħŮĸȻԸΪаħʥĵߡʥȻ̰ɫ֮ŮƣЩŮǶڸ֮ųԼĹâȽϣħŮʱϵѡͶ档
ĬһᣬȨſڵʥѾӻ㣬סĳŵ
ħŮ΢˿¶һ˿Цݣлˣ
һɰԵ׵ĿֲħȻԶѹأٵ޾Ԩ666λ档
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޾Ԩλ֮УһǿޱȵƬ֮лصһĿⶼ޾Ԩ666λ֮С


1100 аħʥĵڶ̬
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ħŮվԨħֱߡ
ħǸħŮ׸ң֮ȻὫʹ͸㡣ңȥԼѡһ
аħʥһĨϷʵЦݣǿֲħʥϢȻѹء
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һԨħԨԭÿһӵѹһʥǿߵĿֲ

аħʥһЦһ¸ֳһ׵Ԩħ档
һ׵Ԩħһ㽫һԨħֱӵȼճɻҡ
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ʥʿĿֲ޾Ԩ666λ֮зɱռ˺ѣk֮еһжͳͳݻ٣ͬĩһ㡣
񳲣ǹ񳲣
ʥսƷ񳲣ħȻʥйᣡ
ħʥĻⲻǺԵ𣿲Ȼǿսô

ЩǿޱȵĴڿ֮󣬾Ϊ֮һ
սǿޱȣһһԨλ棬ܹԨλԨԭ䵱ԴֲףԻʥʿǿߡ
ͷħҲԴԴϵԨԭ֧֣Ƕʮִ˷аħʥݺݳȥ
аħʥսˣצʱʱͽ񳲵Ĵ˺ѡ
ֻһ񳲻޾Ԩԭ֧֣ǴֶһٳһԿֲĻָӲĽаħʥѹơ
¼֣ŭˣ
аħʥ˫۳죬췢һŭХһ±ֲޱȵԨԭһСһȦӡڣ˷ޱȵļǡ
аħʥĵڶ̬
һڶ̬ζŵkҪƴˣ
аħʥǶõڶ̬ɵʮkͬ׵ħʥ

һİһаħʥĵڶ̬ɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ͷħֵĶʮ̺壬˺Ѳ񷣬аħʥݺݳȥ

аħʥâһһŭǰһ̣ȭ֮еħһųӡһ޼᲻ݵĺɫħһ¹ᴩ˶ʮ֣ͷ񳲱仯ɵͷħڣӲĽ񳲺һֲĶѨ
ԨԭӿڣȴȻ޷ǿֲĶѨָ


1101 ѹаħʥ
аħʥųɫâ˫ȭ֮ϵħҫһ˺Ѳĺɫһº֮ϣ񳲺ǧٿף˺ۡ
аħʥǹħ֮еһԱǹħһӵ̬ڶ̬ͿԼkϵսҿԶõkǵıħ֮졣
Ȼǵڶ̬ԼӳֹħͬҲkǵÿһħʮԪǵkһƴĵƣײᶯá
ǵֻ̬ҪһãÿͻһԪֻһ˵ֻЩԪߴＸħʥƴʱù
ǴӹʱϹȻǿÿ£
Ԩħаħʥĺ֮˺ۣƲҲһĨ֮ɫ
޾Ԩ666λԨԭ֧֮£ս졣ʯѩЩ֣ʱҲԽ񳲻ܡ
аħʥǴ˵֮ӵнΪԨħǱǿߣȻӲĽ񳲴򱬣ֱ졣
ԨλϾȲԨλ֮УԨ־˵Ԩ֮Ǽ֡ҵĺֿɲֹһ
Ŀ䣬ɱӿһɲ֮䣬Ũ޾Ԩ666λ棬ߡ
ħӡ޾Ԩ666λߣ
kҪõ𣿡
ɶΪʲôҪڱߣʲôܣ

ЩԨǵ߱ڱΣжһ˿˿ҪõĵƲԸõkǿ
޾Ԩ֮Уаħʥ֮⣬ҲûʥʿǿߡЩԨȻ뿪Լڵλ棬ǰһ
ӡߣʲô
ʥ廹սħûгѩšɡʯʥʿҲսħڡԻʹʥսħڵǿ߶ûжkʲôƿԶã

һʥʿǿߵĿַͨ˼ķ޾Ԩжɻ
аħʥһŴ콾չֳǿ׵Ŵ콾֮޾Ԩ֮У˿ơ
ʿ֮еʥʿǿҲʮֺ浽ҪôԸһаħʥ
޾Ԩ666λ֮УؿѣһеӴ
еâҫâҫһϢ˿Ȼһ
һе·һڶһ㣬޾Ԩ666λԨ֮е֮£аħʥԨ֮һ±ɵøɸɾ
޾ԨԨ֮ɵøɸɾаħʥսһ±ϡ
аħʥɨһеһۣΧƶԨ֮һĨ֮ɫһЦħĵƣ
ħԪʿ߾ͨĳԪ֮ԪسǿֲޱȵĴɱǶаħʥǿ׵Ŀֲ˵ֻõkǵĹ΢Сһˡ
һâǻе֮û֮УγһɣһɫĹаħʥֱӺȥ
ѵΪһӲ
аħʥһĨ֮ɫһſһԹ֮΢΢һȣԭʧ
¡
һ죬аħʥֱײһƬۿ͸֮ϣӲıɡ
аħʥڵռѾȫӡγһ׵ıռ䣬ΨղΨһ·
ȻаħʥʵҪǱռ˺ҲǲУҪһʱ䡣
һɫĹݺаħʥԼȥ
ҲܣҲܹѹģ
аħʥһĨâһŭ𣬻ȭһһش񳲵Ŀֲɫһɫȥ
ǿ֯һ໥֯
ԶʮѾϵʥڹâһʮشʥǿߵĿֲ˺Ѳᴩգһаħʥ֮ϡ
аħʥһ¸ֳһӡĹƬһŤķȻֵǰ
һʥڵĹâһǹŤķ֮ϣ׵ĽǷ˺ѳƬȻ˲佫аħʥȫɡ
ʥڵĹâ֮УаħʥãһƬ°ֻʣһǼܡ
ڰӡ֣аħʥһ³ȫѪ⼡һ˲ָ˹
ʮʥһ֮ʼܡ
ʮʥٴ䣬һصĿֲһºаħʥ֮ϣǺò׽һаħʥٴɡ
һɫħʥڵĹâ֮ѣ޾Ԩ666λ֮ȥ
аħʥȻڴ˻ָ壬ĵԪȴСǿkȥܿͻᱻʥĥ
ӴܵаħʥһĨ֮ɫһЦӣˣȻˣͲҪˣ
е֮йâҫһɫ֮и֣аħʥȥ
ɫ֮ȫѹգŹ׵ķӡ֮
аħʥɫҲ˫۳죬˫ȭ֮ϵħֲ֮ޱȵĺɫһɫγɵĴ֮ϣɫγɵĴֱӺһ󶴡
аħʥֹͣƶһ˲䣬ʮʥڹâһʮһºаħʥ֮ϣаħʥ°ֱӺ顣
һεĻȻӴ֮и֣âҫӡγɵķӡ֮˲аħʥ֮ϡ
ӡ֮һ壬аħʥо֮еʱвһɵڶ̬˻˵һָ̬Ҳһ˲䣬˰ٱϡ
һɫ֮д̳һ´аħʥڣӡаħʥ֮ʴȥ
ԨħһЦһ֣ǡ߱ذס㻯һɫ˺Ѳһ´аħʥڡ
߱ذסһаħʥڣӡ֣Ӳûаħʥڣаħʥǿѹӡ
ôҽԨħҽһԨħҲܻﵹ£
аħʥ˫۳죬췢һ춯صĲŭХ
һɿֲޱȵԨȨܴаħʥ֮кȥ
ɫȻ֣ͼա
ǿֲޱȵԨȨһЩɫȥͶ޾Ԩ6666λ֮С
޾Ԩ6666λ΢΢һȻƶͬһ޾Ԩ666λ׹䡣
аħʥ˫۳죬һ춯صŭХ֮ħߣǾͬھɣ
ȥ
Ԩħ˲Ƶаħʥ֮ǰһִаħʥ֮ڣһɿֲޱȵ֮˲䱬ԴԴϵаħʥѪ⾫
һԨ׵ȨҲаħʥûڡ


1102 ʥ
аħʥȻɫ䣬ؽеס֣ħס֣ס֣ˣѵҪͬھ𣿡
ԨħһЦֻҪҾܹһٽħʥư޾Ԩ޾Ԩ666λ棬ˣҲûйϵٶһˣ
ħһ·ֻҪŹһΣԸⷢģΪЧһǧꡣͬʱ޾Ԩλ6666ԨȨ͸㡣һʵȫһǧ֮ڽ׳Ϊһµħʥ
ˣ㲻ϲŮһͼӡŮߵȾ顢Ѫ塢ħˡħħ壬ĶŮӡСֻҪҲҾͰͼ׸㣡аħʥһеİ
ħŮʿǲһ氧аħʥ֮Ĺâаħʥ޾Ԩ֮ϣԨħĹŴ콾
浭ֻ
ǿֲޱȵһûаħʥڣԴԴϵĽаħʥѪ⾫ͳͳԨħڡ
аħʥôధƿڴ涼ûжҡֻǷаħʥ
Ԩ׻޾Ԩ֮ԨħĵԣЩԨħֻη
ǸаħʥѣаħʥԻὫյԺ󣬽߾һ档
аħʥϱɣҲڽڽ
ȻңҾͳȫ㣬һж͸ˣ
ͷаħʥ˫֮һĨ֮ɫٿܣӴޱȵγһɣʩչطԼ꾫ԼӴޱȵһ¹עڡ
ǿֲޱȵһûڣаħʥҲһɿֲޱȵʶȥ
һɲ֮䣬Ԩħʶ֮Уһأڵڶ̬аħʥ
Ȥһ߻ضıҲɲС˺㾹ȻҶҳ֣Ǿ͸ȥ
һͷڵڶ̬аħʥһĨ֮ɫ췢һ춯ص֮ʶòϲһ˿˿籩
ͷаħʥһ±һɹɳʴħͼʶȫʴ
㣡ϹŶʵȻǿᣬȴ֪ʿرΪһΣ
һĨ֮ɫĬģаħʥһָ
һɲ֮䣬ǡ߱ذסһ¸аħʥؿڣӡ֣ӲĽаħʥѹǹ׵ʴħҲڤڤ֮еķ֮ǣ֮£صаħʥڡ
аħʥһĨ֣һ˺ѷξޱȵô
һ߱ذסУѪ⡢ꡢᱻӡѹǻҵôҵڡڣ꣬Ҳҵְɣ
ʶ֮УԨħһ±仯Ϊ˻ƽħ׹⣬һ³аħʥǰڿʳаħʥꡣ
аħʥ̺һ˿ԣԨħ˵Ǵ֮
ʮ֮аħʥֱӱȫɣһɰԾصĿֲħ֮ķ
ħŮһӦǿֲ׵ħһ¹ڵϣɪɪ֮г˾η
޾Ԩ666λһ´һɿֲޱȵУ޾Ԩ֮еԨ֮
ͻƣΪħʥ
˽ħʥǸλҲֻһԽħʥ
ħkħʥˣ
ôܣѵ˵kаħʥˣ

һԨǼһĻж𺧡
޾Ԩ֮ӵħͬʱħԨħħǿ߻Ҫ౶ѪϱʿѹΡ޾Ԩ֮оԨħԵһħʥǷëǣϡٵ˼㡣
һԨħʥĵζ޾Ԩλֱٴθı䣬Ҳ޾Ԩᱻ½ħʥͳһ
޾Ԩλ666㣬һɺޱߵԨԭϵĹעڣϢڽš
ʮĸо˴޾Ԩ֮дϲ
޾Ԩһҡаĵط޾Ԩ־Ҳɱ¾ѡҡаħʥ޾ԨѡеԨ֮ӡ潫аħʥնɱ֮󣬾ͻ޾ԨľˣѡΪһεԨ֮ӡ
汻޾Ԩ֮ǿĴɱôǸھͻᱻ޾ԨѡУΪһεԨ֮ӡ
һâҫаħʥʬɻңkյԨȨһ»һȨȡ
ָһץ㽫ǰȨץУֱڡ
潫ǰȨڣĸ֪޾Ԩ6666λһеϵ

Ŀ⴩޾Ԩ666λ棬ڽӽ޾Ԩ6666λ濴һۣһ¡
һһ޾Ԩ֮лص
޾Ԩ6666λ΢΢һٶѸٵ½ͣ޾Ԩ666λԱߡ
޾Ԩ666λ΢΢һһֱû޾Ԩ6666λ࣬·һһ㣬Ƕ޾Ԩ6666λռ֮ϡ
һӴޱȵԨԭ޾Ԩ6666λ֮дԨħʥĻڽһͻƣֱӽΪʥʿڼԨħʥ
״ӽ𣬱Ϊƽʥ
޾Ԩ6666λ֮Уķ
ƽʥ
kȻΪʥʿĿֲǿߣ
ǿµļһȻԶħʥС
ʥʲôֶΣȻ岻ƾͽԶħʥѹҲδ̫ˣ

޾Ԩ֮УһԨɫһ䣬ȷһսĽ˵жһĨ֮ɫ
޾Ԩ36㡣
һǱ֮ǰ޾Ԩ36Ԩ׺Ķħͳ˧Ԩħһֻôɱš
аħʥµʮħ֮һ̤һͷ󹫾ĺڰգĮĿ·ɱ
ʩչڰЩôԨħɱһ
ЩԨħһնɱͻѪ룬֮ڣ仯ΪһӿֲѪá
Ȼһ̧ͷ֮ȥİޱȵĹâһ̾ˣ
һ󹫾߹ʵϣڸô죿뿪޾Ԩأ
ħʥֻ֮Ҫ޾ԨϹǲ޾Ԩ޶֡
аħʥʮħԻܵ㡣
뿪أӦģΰĻƽʥЧҡǵϻ޾Ԩ6666λ棬ܹӵȥ޾Ԩ֮ǿΪаħʥȻ䣬Ͳˣǰ޾Ԩ6666λ档


1103 ɨԨ
һħҫаħʥµʮֻԨħ֮УʮֻԨħ˽ЩͼԨλ棬޾Ԩ6666λ
޾Ԩ6666λ档
£
ڰʿμӣ
ڰάأ
Ԩħᣡ
ɪ
й϶
ᣡ
¿˾
ڰᣡ
ƽʥˣ
ʮԨħʮֻԨħ֮Խڶ
һԨԭɵĻƽݴ޾Ԩλ6666֮ǻƽݵǰվһˣԨħʥ
ɨʮԨħһۣ΢΢һһЦаħʥĲ£һǰҪΪk𣿡
ԨħԨħʥ֮ĲǵӵеۼԨرʮԨħ֣һҲ׽֮ɱ
£Ը⳼ƽʥˣΪƽʥЧ

ʮԨħͬһ㣬ӯӯһݣ
浭һЦ̵аħʥһ䣬ǾͶҡǶаħʥҳϡмӣ
¹ˣ޾Ԩ֮ǿΪаħʥǷkΪȻҪΪkƴսǵkȻѾ䣬ôǷΪҲΥԨһΪҵȵϣҵȻҲΪƴսֱΪֹ
浭һЦȻˣҾǡǾͼΪҶսɣ
ʮԨħϵkǵԨħҲһɼΪǿʮԨħΪצ޾Ԩ֮еͻᱩ
Ĭģһ޾Ԩλ6666λԨȨܵȨȻ֣һɫӡȨ֮зɳûʮԨħü֮ڣʮԨħü֮γһӡ
һʮԨħб˼һӡܹЩԨħֱӸɵ
ʮԨħҲӦӡ̺֮ŵ뷨򣬲ûеֿƾǸӡӡڵkǵü֮ϡ
ɨʮԨħһ۵ڼȥռԨȨܡ
ǣ
ʮԨħӦһͳ˧ԼԨħ޾Ԩ֮һͼλ漲۶ȥ
ĿԶȥ¶һ˿⣬޾Ԩȥ
޾Ԩ68㡣
һǱ·鲼һֻôɱ졣
ô룬һ׵þˣkɭޱȵĹâգ֪Щʲô
ֲޱȵħγһֻصĿֲħ֣ͬĲӬһ׵þ˺ݺ¡
ƽʥҺڰ޾Ԩ68λԨףΪУϣܹƽദ
Ǻڰһ췢һŭХԨȨܣǴӵkΧɳγһ޴ĹǺ硣
ЩǺԨȨܵļӳ֮£ɢſֲޱȵϢеĳ֮γɵĹǺ᲻ɴݡ
һֲֻޱȵħֺݺһǾ޴Ǻ֮ϣһ㽫ǹǺгѷ죬
ڰһĻϲһӴޱȵԨԭһûǹǺ֮ڣӲĽǹǺ޸
ڰ̣ԨȨκβаħʥܹס̫ˣȥ
Ԩħʥһ̤λ棬һųƽâ仯Ϊһ峤ߴ׵Ļƽħ
һͷߴ׵ĻƽħſһԲʮ֮ڵԨԭkӲɡkâҫ̺壬һȭǹǺȥ
һ貰Ե׵ĻƽһǹǺ֮ϣӲĽǹǺñ顣
ôҶ޾Ԩ68Ԩ׵Ȩôסkһ
ǺڰһĨ֮ɫһԨ˲ƵȨܣͼԭѡ
Ԩ˲ƵȨܣûõģڰԨ׵Ȩܣ޵У޾Ԩλ棬Ҳڱʿɨ
滯ĻƽħһЦ˫һƽɫĹâѹա
ǺڰʱֵķԼԨȨֱӱ˷ӡ޷˲ƣʱָ࣬һţһźɫĹâڱҫγһԺɫ
ӡĺɫһģ貵ĹâҫǺڰһٶȰ֮УһԶȥ
ǺڰµԨħŶkͳͳ£ᡣЩ޾ԨԨħ˵ֻԼҪĴڡκζ
ٶȰ壡ʲôȻ죬Ȼܹ˴߶ٶȰ壡
滯Ļƽħ΢΢һ㶣¶һ˿˷ܵĹâǺڰеֶΣҲֻһʹٶȰرЩԤϡ
ǺڰǼֲرӳ֮£ٶԶԶһɲǱɳĿвkľ롣
¡
ǺڰԽ޾Ԩ38ռʱһײһƬռ֮ϣһ±õ
ҼȻɱ㣬ôܲ׼ر治лұڣȥˣ
һƽӺһƽɫĹ˺Ѳ񷣬һǺڰͷ­֮ϣǺڰͷ­һ飬궼ʵ÷顣
һƽɫĹâ΢΢һɨһԲƵĺɫǺڰ֮а룬С
һۼرĲƲ֮һƷʶۣҲԶͨʥرǺڰĵƣǵkʵ̫رаħʥУֻܹܵkҪɵkȴܡ
ָһţһԲƵĺɫУ仯Ϊһ԰ƴСĺɫǺɫ֮Уӡҫ̺ĪĹâ
ڰɱˣ
ڰԼλ汻ɱˣƽʥȻǿزԨȨܶԵkЧ𣿡
µԨ֮ӣƽʥkһµԨ֮ӣ

޾Ԩ֮УЩԨλԨǿ߷һУһг˺⡣
ǺڰԨħǿߣԼλ֮УԨȨܻͬһֱЩΪֻ溣Ԩħ󹫾Ƕ𵴣˿־塣
ǺڰڵķһۣһĨ֮ɫһ̾Ȼˣҵѡûд
ڰʿμԶһۣһĨңڰ𣿻ȷѡ񡣡
ѡͶʮԨħӦǺڰɱ֮жһĨ֮ɫ
޾Ԩλ19㣬һɫĹâ΢΢һһֻչߴʮ׵ĺڰħѻ˺Ѳ񷣬޾Ԩ֮ȥ
ǺڰɱǺڰħѻҲٴ޾Ԩ֮С


1104 
һֻԨԭγɵִ޾Ԩ֮ӴޱȵԨԭӡգǺڰħѻֱһץ
Ǻڰħѻſһ磬һڰħӿŷصĿֲƣһֻϯȥ
һֻһץǿֲĺڰħӲĽǺڰħѻץУһ󣬿ֲ׵һ˲㽫Ǻڰħѻֱ󱬡
ˣͶͶˣһһɣ
һ޴зǯźɫӡǧ׵ħз޾Ԩ58λ֮зɳһֵĺе
һɫ֮зɳһ´ħз֮ڡ
һɫһ»صӡûħзڣħзӲѹ
ǵԨȨܣ޾Ԩλ֮УֻһԨףǾңƽʥ
Ŀ̺ſֲޱȵ޾ԨһԨɨȥ
ЩԨǱĿһɨ׷б޾֣kӡ
޾Ԩ28Ԩװɳ˹Ը⽻ԨȨܣΪΰĻƽʥЧ
޾Ԩ73Ԩ׼ɳԸ⽻ԨȨܣΪΰĻƽʥЧ

޾Ԩ֮еԨǷ׷״Լ޾Ԩλ֮߳ɵ޾Ԩ6666λ֮УʾҽԼԨȨܡ
޾Ԩ֮Уһλ޾Ԩֱǣ׹޾Ԩ6666λ档
ÿһ޾Ԩ޾Ԩ6666λ֮У޾Ԩ6666λǿһ֡
޾Ԩ6666λÿǿһ֣ԵԨȨҲͱøǿ
Ԩ׵Ȩ֮£޾Ԩ6666λԨԭעڣԭаħʥ˺۵񳲺ָܿȫʢʱ
ʿһַͨԨһеʥǿһ±֪߷һУǿ߶Ϊ֮𶯡
аħʥȻʥһѹˣǲ˼飡
аħʥһԶʱľ콾ųδԨħȻʥһܡ˲˼飡
Ǻųͬ޵Уܹ֮ľţ
ʱʱ

ṹħ֮Уֻħǿ߼ħ̳֮Уǿ߶ڷۣ˷ܺͽ
֮·Ϣǣ֮£һһĹŴ콾ճЩŴ콾ǲʵǿףͬʱkҲһǿޱȵ塣
塢ƽ塢ÿһǿޱȣƣǿꡣκһ嶼ӵеۼرѹһˣӵдʥǿػ˿塣
һǿޱȵͬҪԴkһռ˲֮λĸ֮أȻĲ
һǿޱȵεͷųۼرԼʥǿߵϢ֮ʿҲֻܹϵkǵĴںͶЩͳȨ
ϾʱʿĵˣȻǹ塢ʮʥ塣ҹ֮г塢ʮʥ֮⣬ǿ塣ʿ֮жǿɱںأսʱһʿԵֵĹ
аħʥҲԶʱһ콾һ콾ĻУȻʿ˷ܲѡ
ɻʳ
ɽ֮ɵĳʥ֮һĨ̾аħʥȻʥĻУʥʵɲ⣡޾Ԩ֮ûһħʥ֮⣡޾ԨҪС˲𣡣
ƿһе߶Ѿ׳Ϊʥʿʥǽ֮ɵʥʿ
ûô򵥣޾Ԩ֮УŲϹЩϹﲻῴŵkһͳԨ
ǽɻʳոԵʥ˫֮ǵĹâkֻһͽаħʥѹˣЩҵԤϡһʱΪɫľ콾
ʥȻһЦõѡȻ֮
ʥһĨ̩Ԫʥδһʱ޵е콾ʥ档
ʥ΢΢һ㶣֮һĨ֮ɫʧʥ棿˭
ճһ·ѹţ֮ת֮ϣ޶Сǿ߾Ȼʱ޵е콾ֱ˷˼
ʥ̩Ԫʥ֮δһʱ콾Ƿ磬kֻ͸¶콾ϣѾʱյķ֮ɱ
ʥĿһħ̳֮УǺųʥ֮ϵһ֣Ǿ콾շ磬ӦþǴˣ
ǳʳһӴǳ֮ǳ貵Ĺâγһǳ֮
ǳ԰֮УŶŮÿһӵоòŵǹ⣬ǳ֮׶ɵɫʥԼǳŮ׶ɵɫʥ
ɫʥ֮һĨ֮ɫʥ˲һͽаħʥĹŴ콾ѹ죡kȻʱǿľ콾𣿡
û͵Ԥԣʱǿľ콾շ硣ûв´ĻӦ棡
ɫʥָһħ̳֮УһʥȻɣա
ʥ֮һʥʿ֣ǵʮλǳ֮ĻϣޣʮһλǷ棬ڵھλ
ʥǰλһӡƽӵȴӹʱͳԶ콾
ӡƽӵԶʱԶ콾ÿһһʱ޵еĿֲڡκһ˶̤һʱ콾ʬǣΪʥʿkǱǰȻҲû顣
ɫʥʥ棬ǲ֮λʿ˱ȣǱʮλеķλ档ڷλ֮УŻ˷λ콾յǶ۷壬Ϊ˷λ֮һʥʥʿ֧֡
ɫʥʵ㣬û⣬ʥʥ֮䣬ضһսǰ˭
ɫʥЦʥǷʥʱɫľ콾ǳʳؾ콾ķ
ɫʥɷʥԤ֮ʱ콾δнʿʵ۵Ŀܡ
ɫʥԤԲȫšȥ޷ı䣬δ޷ȷռδҲֻδ֮УʽϴһδʥҲδһʱʱ֮ӡǵkУ˵kҲˡʥɲһƢˣǳʳҲͰˣȵkǶ۷壬ǳʳиΣաʱ򣬾Ҳδܹӻҵȡ
ɫʥҲ΢΢ס


1105 
ɽǵڰʿʵ۳֮֮أҲǵkйڡ
ڰʿʳ֮󣬴ɽҲʧϣ޺ճ֮Ǵɽٴγ硣
ʱǴɽǳ˵ʥأΨг֮еĴǲܹʥؾס
ǴɽȻ
һŰɫʿۣһڷò׵һ֮һɽ̾
ɽֻһͨɽ֮Ϊڰʿʵ֮󣬵ʮʿķһɽֻһͿԽΪۼرʥر֮УһУȻ
һĿ࣬һɫʿۣòӢü֮һӡ΢΢һЦ
΢΢һЦǴɽλ֮Ӱϣ޵£
һɿֲĲʥεĴɢѹļ˻ġ
λ֮Ƿʥ
Ǹһͳʮλ֮һλķʥ
kôˣ
ڵkߵľǷλʥ

Ǵɽ֮ڣһǿҫһʥʿĿֲǿĿⶼ˷ʥϡ
һųԵĳʹǹɽ֮߳ŷʥ˳ΰĳ֮ʥǽһ𡣡
ȥǾͲˣ֮ʥҴ˴ǰΪһսɸҵʥս֮йƽһս
浭ȻһЦ˫һޱȵս⣬һƬɢ
ʥս֮ʥ
ǸʥȻս֮ʥǵ죡ǳ֮ʥǳ֮ת֮kȻս֮ʥǲ֪

ǹɽΧ̽ӣЩ̽һε㽫鱨ͨħֱӴ˻ȥ
֮һǿޱȵַͨߡ
ãҾһս
ǹɽ֮Уһųԣǿףɢһ޵Ƶİϣ޽̤ɳԹɵĺŴǹɽ֮зɳĸŷʥһĨɭޱȵɱ⡣
ϣǳ֮ת֮޵һʱʿʵȻkǹĵڰʿʵۣȴȻǺѹһʱͬ޵еĴڡ
㵱ϣްУɵk֮ݱ¶֮󣬷˸ǿͶڰʿʵ۵Ŀֲ
ǰսϣޣϣȻܹӦսkһӢһӴޱȵĳֻҲֱ
ʥǾվڰϣ޵Ŀһʥϡ
ʥʥ΢΢һЦ
浭һЦﲻսĵطȥʥսΣ
ʥսǲ֮λΧǿա
ʥʿǿ֮սɽժֻСʥʿǿ֮սԼΧǿա
ã
ϣкâһһŲ֮λ֮ȥ
Ҳ΢΢һΣԭʧ
һҲŷ밢ϣڵķȥ
һƬտޱȵ֮ڡ
ϣĿĶŷʥһĨɱ⣺ʥ㾹ȻսңһĴ󣡡
֮ʥһ£޵еĵڰʿʵ۵жǿ
ʥһĨ֮ɫˬһЦĬģһָ
һɲ֮䣬һɿֲޱȣ׽һλݻٵ籩Ȼ֣̺ŷ֮Űϣϯȥ
ǷʥĲ֮£籩ǣΧγһɱһеȻ
籩ʱֻԽԽǿ󣬵۷֮ʱشɱһʥǿߡ
ƣ
ϣһĨâ޾ĳҫһ㣬һ֮У籩һڵֱӺ顣
̺Żһ籩ڵ㱻٣Ҳʧ
ǵڰʿʵۣȻǿᡣܹɣͻһУȤȤľǿһսҷҡ
泩һЦͬʱʵս֮ٶȰ壬һĨ磬һ˲ڰϣǰ˫ݻΪʮ׵ķ絶Űϣնȥ
棬ţҼˣkڶһʬǣΪҵǰ̤ʯҲ⣡
ϣкâһ޾ҫȻǷɱһ
ʥƬɱֲޱȵ˷ȥ
Χһſǳ飬ռҲ˺ѣγһյء
ʥ΢΢һЦַӡƬΣʥ
ʥϵã
Ƿ滹ǰϣޣ϶ӵܣǿޱȵĵơkȻԸ˿ӵkǵܡ
ʥĬģһӣһ汦Ȼɳ֮УһŤĲƴһ汦֮ķ
һĲ֮£Ƭһ··һɴĻ֮ϣȫڱߡ
ϧ
һսȻǾޱȣϧ
ȻǷ滹ǰϣ޶ϣԼĵƱ˿

֮УһϧĸȴûȥǾĵȴһսĽ
֮
һԡѪĳعâƬ֮зɳŹɽķȥ
ʥ΢΢һ̾һعâŹɽķȥ
ҷλ֮ϲ֮ܳ
ʥһĨϲ֮ɫЦһӣƬķֱȥ
ֻƬǿ֮վһˣǷλ֮ʥ档ʱãһεޱȵѪǿգȴɢһɰԵ׵Ϣ
֮ȷʵǸö֡죬߰ɣ֮ǰͼ·
֮пһۣһĨ˷ܵĹâȻ𣬻һֲޱȵֱա
ǣ
ʥҲֱһΣ֮зȥ
Ƭ֮Уһ´һֲޱȵʥԼһŭ֮ƬƬʥѪ֮ɢ䣬ɢ䡣
ûãһʥʿǿߵϢʧһʥʿǿߵϢǴӴ˵ط׷룬˷ȥ
λ֮ʥս֮֮ܡʥ֮ܳʥɱɱkǵʥǿߣնɱһˣشˣ˰ӡ
һϢһħħ̳֮ϣʱȻ󲨡
ʥǸʮλλˣôôǿ
ˣֻһͨͳʿڴʱҲƽƽһλ棬Żһ·ףճΪ֮죡

ħ̳֮ϣЩ»ϵǿǿһϢ֮ѸٵĽǷʥĳɳ켣˳жһĨ𺳡


1106 
𣿡
Ӧһֻ֣˳֮֮⣬Ӧûбˡ
ʥ棬ѵԤ֮УעһʱԻ͵޵콾
Ӧ޵콾ܹʥʿ֮֮ܳϾǳ֮ǵڰʿʵۣҲͬ޵Уѹһ޵ǿߡ

һǿǶӿһ˿˿أĿ⼯˷ʥϡ
ǾͨԤǿÿһʱëǣʮϡ١ʱЩͨԤǿߵԵʮֿɹۡ
ǿǶѾ֪һʱҲһΪǿߺճ޵Уѹһʱ
һռ˲֮λġ֦մ½֮һһ˳֮ת֮һ̤ʥʿ֮âɣ˵Ŀ⡣
ǷʥҲڻ֮ܳ󣬲»صЩ֮С
һЩᡢ֮ʿŷ׷λ֮ʥӴ⡣
˴ʿʳʱ˰˴ʳ֮⣬ֲͬʿŵ󲿷ֵʿѾʷ֮һЩйϵʿȻ
ᡢĿǰǿԴȨƶѾ˹ϷִЩйϵʿǱ㽫Ŀ⼯˷ʥϡ
֮λһ鲼ֲͥ԰֮ڡ
ͥԺ֮Уһɫ֮һˣףɢһɰԵ׵ӡ
һĨ֮ɫһЦ֮ڷУǴ˵֮еһˣԤ֮Уѹһʱ޵ǿߡ
һŰɫ֮ϵĻƽһĨмԤ֮еһˣҲûʲôʱˣʵ̫ˡɽϻӳưˡЩ壬ȥҲֻҵȵʳߣֵһҲˡ̫࣬ȫԽkȫˡ
ӿˣЩ֮г˰˴ʿʵȷʵǿ֮⣬˸ֵһᡣ
ƽӳȷʵˣӣ᡾飬㿼ǵôˣ
ƽЩȻûʲôǿߣ٣ʥǿߵĿԼۼرҲԶԶ֮ϡĿǰʵ޷Ό⡣
ƿ塢ƽƿصĻƽʵֲףԶԶϵ֮ϡȣȻ޴
塢ƽǿ֮߳󣬱ӵ»ʿϵĿֲʵԼͻӵҫʿϵΪǵkǵķ壬ֱ֮
֮⣬ʿ֮У鲼棬ʿʳ콾Ƽǿꡣʳ֮Уʹطʥʿڲϵѡ
塢ƽÿһ嶼ǿޱȣ޵һʱÿһҲʳ֮еĳʳʤһ
սħڡʿʳɵȻʿ֮Уǿû֮һ
ƽЦ塢塢ʬһ塢һ塢սħʥԳһ塢ʨһ塢׻һѾͬ֡ȻԴУ֦մ½
кâһЦȻǼλͬ⣬Ǿûˣ
ܲ
ӣһļü΢΢һ壬һ̾ȻˣЩǿͷۡŴǿҪ֦մ½һȺ쵰
εĽ֮Цǲ֮λ֮ء֦մ½žżۼر븡մ½̺ŽĻԵκһǿ嶼ܷŹ
֮ܲУյߴ鳤Ѿȫʥʿڵߴ鳤ʳƳ
ǳ֮Ŵǿ֣ʵѾԽᡣֻܹϱʥ
鳤Ҳͷͬ⣬һ㣬һâֱӷɳûա
ŴǿˣЩ֣
սħ֦մ½ǻƽڣüͷ΢΢һ塣
һͨѶȻһһɫĹâӿǰγǰħʥȫϢͶӰ
ħʥʥŴǿ֣Ҫ֦մ½ʲô뷨
кâһţõkȥǡ֦մ½һҲܹøkǡЩ쵰ֻôߡҪʱҽkǿսkȫ𡣡
ħʥ΢΢һ㶣Цȫ濪սǾŴǿ֣ʵ֮ϡ
浭һЦֻϵˡʳĵ̿ûô򵥡
ʳ޵һʱ֧λ棬ѹԴĿֲʳÿһʳĵۼرֹһޱȡ
ʳӳ𣬾Ͷ˵kǵĻԴǿߡͬʱǿߴʱⳤ֮ѡ
ӵǿߴʱⳤ֮֮ռš֦մ½ʳҲ֪˶ʥʿ
ħʥһЦˣһսҲֻܾ˵ľ棬װױˡ
նΣսħھԲܷһ֦մ½
ħʥĬһᣬȫϢͶӰһ±ʧ֪ˡ
ѩͬһһԶεǰʵ磬kʲô
һĨ֮ɫܹʲôսħڹȫ֣һ֦մ½ǾŴǿЭˡ
ʯȻһЦһƽˮͬһŮһ㣬ӯӯҾùȫ飬ʳȥȽϺá
һĨâû⡾֦մ½սħڵĸԲ׷
ǡǲ֮λλ汾ԴľǾ֦մ½ӵ챦
Ҳǽ֦մ½ĻƽܹʥʿѩšʯҲΪǻƽܹͻʥ߼ڣʥʿ
ǻƽʥ߸һʢԴȪΪˣǡ֦մ½Żᡣ
һ֮
ܲ
һߴʮף·֧һľ޴ɽʹԶȺ裬ֲޱȵķ
ɽƿصĵۼرɽˣ
ˣ

֮ܲڴ󲿷ֵʿ»ϵʿЩʿǿֲѹ֮£ɫ䡣
һЩӵѪѪʿǸɫ䣬һ̱ڵϣɪɪ֮еġɽηͳݣһʮһ


1107 
Ѫʿʿ֮нǿ󳬷ѪȡֲڵʿѪʿӵԶͳʿҲԶͳʿҪɡȴܵѪԴͷĳӰ졣
ǹʱưصΨһӣӵдޱȵѪһͷѪ
ѪӵгԴʱ䣬ȫԽ׳Ϊۼǿߣ޵һʱ
ǡɽִƵĵۼرӵŴ˰ٱֹ»µĴǿֲ׵ǰվ첻
һƽɫĹâҫһҫŻƽԵĻƽɽҲԶ
ǻƽɽ֮ϣһɰԵ׵Ϣѹķ
һƬ֮״Զһȼŷ֮ףޱ߼ʣ·Сһ֮ͩзɳһ˵Ϣͩ˵һ֮д
һƬԪγɵԪ֮ԶԪ֮֮һƬմ½һϢǸմ½֮
һƬ޾ʬħ½ԶһʬƬħ½ֱ֮ͨķ˱ʬմȾһ˿ͻᱻȾΪɥʬһĴڣֲ֮
һƬɸֳγɵĹǺ֮ԶǹǺ֮ϣ̾һף˲Ҷ࿴һۡ
һҳ׵սԶս֮ϣվһֻֻսħԳÿһͷսħԳӵ溣˫ŽɫĹâս졣
һƬմ½ԶǸմ½֮У鲼ħʨÿһͷħʨڲͬ࣬ɢʿϵ
һֱߴʮ׵ǳԶǿǳ֮Уһİ׻ɱѹķ
塢ƽ塢塢ʬһ塢һ塢սħʥԳһ塢ʨһ塢׻һ壬kǹȻˣ
ŴǿȻˣ

᱾ǿ߿֮ǾŴǿɫ䣬ſ־֮ɫ
ǾŴǿÿһĳڶ»ʿϵĿֲڣħǿߡѪʿ֮УӵǾŴǿѪѪʿǿߡ
ǾŴǿ彵٣൱ǾŴǿѪʿѪԴͷٴ˵أʿ֮еѪʿʵٱϡ
Ŵǿÿһ嶼޵аʿʵۼǿߣ޵һʱޱȣʿʳκһʳҪʣһ
ʱ֮УһɽȻ֣һʱⳤ֮У·ȥڡδͬʱ֮Уһɿֲޱȵʱ֮ķ
Ǿʱʳġʱ֮ɽ˵֮Уһʿʵʱ֮ȡһʱⳤӣҶʮʱԴƳһۼرܽڵkıرʱ֮֡ʱ֮һʿʵۣѹǿڡ⡾ʱ֮ɽǲ
ǡɽϣĿһޱȣ·ڲͬʱġʱ֮ɽ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ȼǹʱǵk֮󣬾оʷһ۾Ϳǡʱ֮ɽĿֲеİҲ΢΢
ͩϣ޾ף绪ķ˵ŮĿ΢΢һ¶һĵЦݣ˼ʾ𣿡
ľ콾ǿǡʱ֮ɽҲȫһĨ֮ɫ֪֮£ûô򵥡
һߴʮ׵ѪɫȻ֣Ѫɫ֮ϣ񡢳ͼÿһͼɢѹŸѪʿѪԴȪ
ƽһĨâڶʿʵ۽֮ȡǿ߾ѪƶɵĵۼرѹѪԴȪۼرһѪʿѪ֮ᱻѹơնɱѪԴȪĳԼȡԷѪ֮ײеĵۼر֮һ
ǡһ֣ڳѪʿڵѪڣ˫۳죬һսӿ֮ǾŴǿߣɱ
ǡӳ֮£ЩѪʿᱻѪԴͷĳơ֮ǾŴǿ嶼оһԼǡơ
һâҫߴ׵ħȻ֣ħ֮Уɢһ˿˿ѹķ
ʬһʬħʥһḬ̃ͼɵ֮ɫĶħ񣬻ħ񡿣ʿʵħ֮ۼǿߵʬħѪƶɵĵۼرȻܳ
һɫǳȻ֣һɫǳ֮УһǧʮǳӴޱȵǳ֮Уѹķ
ʨĿ΢΢һǳʿʵǳ֮ǰ׽һǧʮǳķԴǧʱƶɵر̺ż壬Σա
һƬ֮Զ֮Уһħһħ֮Ϣ
׻ӿһħҲһĨɵ֮ɫħʱۼǿ֮߶ƶɵħһǡħӳھ棬ۼǿҲ䡣
һǳȻ֣ǳ֮бҫ·ӵرЩرɢſֲޱȵı⣬ѹķ
һĨɵ֮ɫرǳħʳƵصۼر˵֮ӵر棬һܹһλ档
һҾ޴ޱȵǼսԶعҫսţڱգա
һĨ֮ɫǾսħڵĻеܾţȻ£еܾŵѾڣ
˵Ůü΢΢һ壬һ̾սħڵĻеܾţȻ˾еܾűʳĵۼرҪᡣ
գüͷ΢΢һ壬ɱսħڵĻеܾţᡣȫǣ
ʳĵۼرȻǿޱȣǾŴ嶼ӵпԿĵۼرĻеڼƣֲֿʥʿǿ߶ʮͷۡ
ʥʿǿȫһԽټعҫֱĨȥعҫŷʥʿǿҲֻܹѡսһסǾֻ·һ
ǻеܾŶǿܣ涼ʹǾŴǿǿһɾһÿһ˶ĲƸ
ǾŴǿκһǿ嶼ӵдݻعҫŵͬһս֮ҲԻԪˣ
ĵ̣
ʳȻ񣡡
ҿսħֲȻ죬ͻڻеǿ£
ֻеܣعҫ壬ӵ溣ս溣Ļеܣ˾

һǿߣһĻ΢΢һ


1108 ս
ǾŴǿҲѹһʱ޵еĿֲ壬ޱȣͬҲ˼㡣չ¶ĵ֮󣬲ſʼᡣ
ǾŴǿֵ̲ǿʤһƴһսĺǾŴǿȴǸд㣬սֻᷴʤϸߡ
ӿڵλǿɿǺˣǡ֦մ½óֻҪλǡ֦մ½óǾͿԺƽദͬӦԹĴС
ôĿǡ֦մ½ĸΪսڵһϣǿЩһոѣ繦δжߡ֦մ½Բܣ
ô˵Ǿһս
ƽ˫֮âһһ׵Ŀӵk˫֮ᴩգ档
ǾŴǿ֮УһֲĿҲ棬в
ĿԵҪսǱսˣ壬κս
ǾŴǿʵǿףͬkҲǼΪԴܹkͳͳܣȫɱеԴӶʵͬм
ʳ֮УһʥĿֲϢֱս⡣
ʿʳĴʥǿÿһǴʬɽѪ֮߳ѹλľʿʳѹһѹµʱ򣬵kҲ֪ѹ˶ǿߣκս
ǾŴǿ֮УͬһʥĿֲϢڶֱĴʥǿ໥š
һЦʥһսضܾˡѵǾͲ³˺ͷλһλû֣ǵ̲𣿡
ЦˡλһλͬΪ塣k̵Ҳƴܾˣֻ嶼Դ
ǾŴǿ֮еǿŴԣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ǾŴǿƴܾˣ֮еǿ塢ˡλķ涼ԲŹûᣬԻ㾡ȫɱŴǿ壬ĵ̡
ǹʱÿһǿһ¶˥֮񣬾ͻȥǸǿ˺飬ӶһУԼĵ̺ʵ
˵ŮڵǿһԻǼսҲֻװױ˱ˡһΣλǡ֦մ½ǲ֮λ汾ԴһҶռóҵǵĵߡ
浭Уһ
ǡ֦մ½ǲ֮λ汾Դÿһһۼرͬʱÿ춼ڲϵ󣬵ĵر
ռ˾֦մ½ųΪʸ֮ġǿ߶ۺ졣
ȻǿᣬʱȴҲ޷ǿΪС
˵Ů֮һĨâһ
ֻһǲӦǾսɣ
ĻеԽսԽǿս֮вϽĴڡֻҪûгһĽޣܹս֮вϵĽɳ
ȫ߳ɵİտԽŴǿܣɾŴǿԵkǵʬǺԴǰһȻԴʱһҵ޷Ŵǿ忹⡣
˵ŮĹַ磬ͨнɣ˫ɳ溣ǿߣǽбԡսʤơʤˣǾֻҪһ֦մ½ʤˣô֦մ½͹ǡ
նУ˫ʥǿߣʤ߿Լսһֱսһ޷սΪֹǰˣֻܹõһ֦մ½Ҫʮ׼ġ֮Ȫ
塢嶼ӵеѪĿֲ塣kһŵѪǿƣ꣬ǿᵽ˾ۣͬ޵еĹＶš
ʿ֮ҲֻЩС粢հ壬ӵǿر콾ܹ֮⡣
ǿ溣֮ǾŴǿȻƣֻƲܹܶԷΨнʥʿ֮ʿǾŴǿ֮ĲŻ̡
˵Ůü΢΢һﵭã
ӿڲʥǿҵȸ˳սս˵Ϊʥʿ֮ۡ
ʥǿ߾ŴǿҲϡޱȣֻôһһǾŴǿ˵ǴԪش
ãȥʥս
һâҫʳĵۼر˺գãã֮ڡ
ǾŴǿҲʹر˺գ֮ڷȥ
ŴǿĶսȤ
һâ΢΢һǷλ֮Ƭ֮УһЦƬշȥ
һʿʥʿǿ߶׷Ƭ֮зȥ
ᡢŴǿǿʿĿǰѾǿǿʥʿ֮ĶԾȻ˵ע⡣
һâҫʳŴǿһƬ궼û֮ڡ
һ壬սʥۣʥʿ
ǹǺ֮Уֱӷɳһͷ峤׵գɢʥʿڵĿֲг޾â
ʱʳʥ棬ǰն㣡
һȼڻ棬һսף·һս񣬿һ֮֮߳егս⣬
壬ڹʱǵߡū͡Ȼ˵ϣֱ
âһһſڣȻ˺Ѳ񷣬Ǻʥնȥ
ʱϹŶǹʷɣ
ʥһŭХֳִ󽣣ӿ·仯Ϊһȼһе̫һУһУѹȥ
һһֲޱȵ籩
ֻۻһ¸ֳһɫսףһ¸ֳӡһɲ֮䣬̫֮ڣǻӢķգһצǺʥĵֿǺʥڡ
ס֣һսˣ
ǡʱ֮ɽдһŭޱȵһɴʥĿֲϢһ±
䣿ֻս֮ϵ׿ѵҪⳡ𣿡
ǹǺ֮УҲһ±ɴʥĿֲϢһ˿˿ҲǹǺ֮ǿߡ
һʥڣӡһ·ӡſһֱ̣Уȫɡ


1109 ս
۵ĿУһŭޱȵϢӪ֮дһɭޱȵɱ۵֮ϡ
âķƵʥʿζ治壬ĸ
Ҳûʲô˲ģֻЩˣ
һһǸǵĶ֡
Ϊ˱ǿںһЩֵѪĻѪ֣ҲսҵȣԲ

ǾŴ֮Уһ󼥳֮ɫ
ǾŴ嶼壬ӵ֮ѪսԶͬǿߡȻѾչֳ˿ֲȻΪkū͵塣
Ҫ֪ڹʱǽǾŴ嶼Ϊȫȫ̷kǣΥǾŴ֮κһ塣
һĿӪ֮ӿ۵ϳ˾衣
ʥڵһʿʳʱҲһִƻ壬պǿߡǿ߾Ȼ˶̵ʱ֮ڣ۵У۵ǿɼһߡ
֮УҲֻЩʥǿĽۻܡ
һĨôһȺ
ħʳʥǰһս
ǡرǳ֮УһɫսףֳɫսìΧξ壬һɫƵĺڷӴ߳һ˿˿ʥ˫ͬǳһ貵⡣
ϣȥɣ
âſһ磬һǧӵkĿÿһܹ׵Ľһǳݻ١
ʥɫ޶һɳӡҫݻγһɫĽǳޱȵĺ⡣
һǧնǿŽǳ֮ϣǿŽǳÿӿݣȴ޷֮顣
ȥ
ʥһȣһ֣еɫսì˺Ѳ񷣬תһɫĹâֱȥ
ſһ磬һǧգɫĹâȥ
һɫĹâһŤ̺űضеĹɷһɲ֮۵塣
۵帲ŵһɫսһ¸ֳӡһɫĽ֮ϡ
ɫսìһǺɫĽ֮ϣᴩǺɫĽ磬۵֮ڡ
ƬѪ۵֮ء
ϣŭˣ
âһŭ޾˷ͬһעkڡ
رŭһ׺ףԽǷŭսͻԽǿ
۱ʥһش֮󣬷ŭһһɫ֮Уһɲ֮䣬ʥǰݺһʥȥ
һɫľ޶һ·ɳûһɫ絲۵ǰ
ʥĬģɫսìһָɫսì۵Ѫ⡢
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һɫ޶һ˲䣬һһٶȰ֮УһɫĹâʥǰſһҧӲĽʥһ£ڴڵľ׽
һɾ۵֮ѹķ
ǿһ壡Ѫ飡
Ѫ飬ÿһͷֻ֮ҪԼŬܹʥʿ֮״ʥ֮Ҳֻʱ⡣ֻһ岻ͷĴѪ顣

һǿ׵ƬصһĿⶼ۵ϣ˼ɵ
롢ˡЩ֮ΪѪ飬֣ʱЩѪֻҪͻӵʿʵۼĿֲս
ڹʱЩѪ֮ҲӵаۼĿֲսڣЩѪҲȻΪֲͬ޵У֮ͻӵʥʿĿֲսͬľڣֻҪгʱԴΪۼǿ߸⡣
Ӫ֮һߡɵĿⶼ۵֮ϡ
ſһԲӿûkڣһֲ˲䱬ɫսìֱɣʧ
ϵ˿ҲܼٶѸٵ޸
һ˭
һĨâޱȵڵķȥƵ
һʥʿҲо޴ĺôõkҪսȥֻҪʮʥʿ۱ܹһͻƣΪʥǿߡ
˫֮˷ޱȵĹâתŶ񶾵ͷܹһ״ʥ֮ǵӣ˵ҲһսʱҸ˵ӣҾܹΪµӣ׵ۼ
֮ͬ㲻ϣǾŴǿڣͬӵìܡǾŴǿԳһʱʱ򣬸
۵ƣӪ֮һĬһϵĽһĿⶼϡ
ĴѪÿһ޵һʱľ콾֮Ҳֻа˴ʿʵͬ޵еľǿߣܹͬ罫֮ܡɱ
֮УʥǿȻԽѹ֮⣬ֻмʥʿ֣õۼرܹһʧĽѹ
սħʥǰһս
֮վ𣬻ɫĹâ΢΢һֱӽǵۼرסϣһߵʥս롣
ʥ棬ڳˣ
ʥʿ֮Ҳֻ봿Ѫ鿹⡣
ʥ棬ǿǻܹ֮ľ콾ǵkĻӦÿԻۡ

һǿޱȵ֮һʥʿǿ߶¶ԼϢȥ
վһƬ֮Уȵս⣺ʥ棬ڰʥ֮˳֮ľ콾Ȼ
ʥҲһĨ֮ɫȷʵ˽Сܹһս䣬Ǿò
ʥ棬һʱǿľ콾˵ڰʿʵ۳֮ת֮С̫ˣܹ㣬ɱȳʮʥʿҪͬһսֻ²Ķ֡ʥʿڵĴѪˣ
âһЦڵѪڣһɫ֮УϢȻȸղűɣſһ磬ǧ˺Ѳ񷣬֮У϶Ϊһγһնɱʥǿߵ֮նգնȥ
Ҫ㣡
Ŀ䣬ָһţһɺڶȻ֡
âռ䡢ʱ䡢꣬еһɺڶǰȫɣնΪ֮Ť·涼ܹһ㣬ֱѹȥ
һԹᴩ磬նɱʥĿֲ֮һɺڶ֮У㱻ɺڶֱɣʧ


1110 
һеĿֲڶĽ֮󣬼۷ȥǿֲޱȵ֮һ۵֮ϣһɺڶ֮оȥ
ƣ
âһѪڣӡҫſһ磬һɫĹӵkĿɺڶֱӺȥ
һɫĹ֮ռһŤ̺ſֲޱȵĻ֮׻һǳ
һɲ֮䣬һɫĹֱӺɺڶ֮ϣֱӱɺڶɡ
ɫ䣬ʧеôܣ
ǺɫĹȼѪ֮ʩչһı⣬һɨУʥǿҲᱻش㾡ȫȼѪͷųһȻֱɣֱš
ۣ䣡
ǹǺ֮Уһ
ɺڶٶȻһ죬һײ۵֮ϣӲĽ˽ȥ
ɺڶ֮󣬿ֲޱȵ֮һС
䣬䣬һһ
ҲһĴѪ飬ɺڶ֮󣬻һ¸ֳһɫ⣬ſڷš
ֻɺڶ֮УһУ꣬еһж޷޷ɺڶ֮д
ס֣ʥѾ䣬һսʤˣ۷ˣ
ǹǺ֮һ´һŭޱȵһͷʥǹǺ֮Уֱӷɳצ˺գݺץȥ
ԻڽУһƻƻߣ
ǡرǳ֮УһɱĿֲһޱȵĹâȻҫһ˿˿ֲޱȵĲǡرǳ֮ӿ
ǧʥرһ´ǡرǳ֮ӿһرֲ̺׵һͷʥݺݵĺȥ
ǧʥرÿһӵشʥʿǧʥرɱʥǿߡ
ס֣
ǹǺ֮һ´һŭһ˿˿Ȼӿһͷֱߴʮ·һž޴ǳӰǹǺ֮ڶצرֱץȥ
붯ţ
ǡʱ֮ɽ֮ϹâҫһʱⳤȻɳա
һֻӰצһ´ʱⳤ֮Уʱⳤӣȴӡڹȥһ֮ڣôҲ޷ʱⳤ֮зɳ
һֲޱȵĵۼرӾŴǿڵķӿһۼرʼѡ
һۼرҲѣֲĵ˷ȥ
һɲ֮䣬رǳǧʥر˲Ϣ֮佫Ǵʥɡ
ǴʥâҫŭХȼѪ籾⣬Щʥرȥ
Ǵʥ죬ɫĹ֮ӲĽʮʥرֱӺ顣
ʮʥر֮ǲдǧŰپʮʥرһºǴʥһ㽫Ǵʥķѡ
ͷʥҲΪϣӲĽԼըѣһзȼգעԼͷ­֮ϣ˺գһɫ⣬һڵķǱȥ
ɨǾŴǿһۺ֮Ķս˲档ǾŴǿ徹ȻƻءôҲ̸ˣǹɣġմ½Ǿսսֻʣһһ䣬ҲԲı֮Э
սսս
Щ֮ͽսף
ЩһվҲֻһЩãعصˣkսף
κս

ʳ֮Уһ´󼤶ޱȵһǿޱȵֱ
ȤŴ彻֣ҷλԸλ֣һͬЩսף
һޱȵЦ̤մԶһɰսֱ֮
ʥ棡
Ǹ˳֮ת֮Ǹˣ
ǸԤ֮У޵һʱľ콾

ǾŴǿһĳ֣ɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ֽϵʵۣǾŴǿֵĵ̺ʵԶԶ֮ϡǾŴǿϾǾŸϵĴڣ̥ͬսֻӮûᡣ
ռʮλ֮һķλ棬¸ƣǿꡣҲһ˿ѷɫʳĿֲҲվһߣǾŴǿûһᡣ
һǿܹ֮ľǿߣ
Ŀ˷һۣһĨ֮ɫ
֮޵һʱյǶʿʵ֮ľǿߡkһ̤ʥʿ֮ͱŶܹʥʿĿֲ澹Ȼܹ֮ܳǾһǿߡûճһʱΪɫľ콾
ĿҲ΢΢һϣ˫֮гս⡣
Ȼеʱ򣬷ԸվһߡΪ˵Ƕ۷壬֮ضһս
ÿһʱܹվʱ۷Ķֻһˡ߷֮һ˷Ұģ˱ضΪˡ
üͷ΢΢һһҷһΥ˹ءʥҲѾǴݻ١¾ʹΣ
һЦǽʥǴã¿Ծôˡ
âҫܣǾŴǿһս
κһʥǿ߶һĵ̡һʿʳʱʱ֮Ҳֻʮʥǿ׷棬Ǵʥǿߵϡٿɼһߡ
һһʥǿߣɱһ巢衣
˵ŮɣҸһһ⳥ʮ֮ȪΣ
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浭һЦָһϣɺڶ֮е֮˲䱩ʮӲĽ۷ɣɻҡ
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ܹ֮ĹȻѪ鶼ܹɱ
ʥֻʥʿڣѾɱʥʿڵĴѪ顣ʥʿ۷壬ǿնɱʥǿߣ

ЩΧʥʿǿǿɺڶ֮лɻңһб
ʥʿǿ߶ŸֱطɱҲֻĴѪԼǿ߿׵ɱͬǿߡ
棬㾹ȻɱһĴѪʥ飡һ壬ضὫʬΣ
棬ˣһ壬Ժ㲻ݣ

һĹǺ֮ϣһǿ˫۳죬Ķ棬ɱ


1111 
һײкսرһСԹҲģ
һ嵮һۣԾѹأɱ¾أɱȫʢ֮ʱ˱ܣ˸ӧâkʵ΢֮󣬱⵽ۼǿΧɱձֱѹ
һ֮еĴѪ鵱ҲΧɱ˲ءֻһֻΪĺֽҴ
һԼǳ۱ɣִѾһ治ݡ
ɨһռݵĹǺ֮ɱһţЦݵĴȤ㹻ʵȻһնݳնϳ
ǾŴǿ֮Уľһ塣
˴ǿ֮Ҳصĵۼǿ߳ʱⳤ֮УȴյĻᡣȴǱۼǿΧɱǶ˷ߣ˲ͬرѾȷĵۼǿߡ
֮УʥʿµĶϣ޷ƿԼʥʿǿӵж㵽ԵӲдʿʵۼǿ߲ӵӰһ˥ѹļ˻ĵĿֲΰ
һȻûеۼǿ߳ߣôֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾пܽһƽ󻼡
Ȼվ֮УĿǾŴǿһɨһս˭
ǾŴǿһǿޱȵɨȥ˼ɵ
һĴѪ飬һʥʿǿ֮УҲһǿߣǿ߶ѹǾŴǿ֮ҲûмĶ֡
ǾŴǿѵû˸ʥһս𣿡
ǲһսǾ͹ȥɣ

Ӫ֮Уһ´һ䳰ȷ֮ϯķ
Ŵǿ忴ҲˣһȺ޵࣬һ涼κβˣһȺҪǣһͷײˡ
һ˷֮й촫ƣ˷ֲķ
ϣǾŴǿҲϿƵ𣿡
ǡɽ֮ϣâһȻ𣬻һ֮У򷨲֣˺Ѳ񷣬һХ֮У·һͷ֧Ŀֲһץ
Ƭһ˵֮Уаħ֮ڣһͷŹǣɢʥʿڼϢ׵аֳһ޸ݺͷնȥ
ͷ̽צһץӲĽǾ޸ץ飬һצԽգ˲Ϣ֮ץͷаͷ­֮ϡ
ѹءԾµ֮ĳͷаڣͷааħ֮ͳͳѹ
ͷаɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫĲҽеӣס֣һԸΪЧȮ֮ͣ
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ͷʥ֮󣬻죬һͷֲޱȵӰڵk֣˫ĿĶ棬޾ɱ
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âȻצһץǧ轻ۣ̺֮֯塢壬γһͷ峤ʮףѹصɫݺץȥ
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ɺڶ֮һų޾֮ӲĽͷɫһС
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֮ȳ֮ҪǿЩǱĹ̫ˡһ̫дˡ

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ӷ˺һ˲䣬һºǧȭ̺壬ĺӵϡ
Ҳ֮ȻǧȭѪȻڣû䡣
ӣȻʵǿޱȡϧȻѾһУôȥɣ
âһǽɫȫɵɺڶһ¸ǰһڱ㽫ֱС
ֲޱȵɰ屬ӵѪꡣ


1112 
ϵ˿֮һѪûɺڶ֮ڡ
һ֮ӵ֮ڵkΧγ֮Ӳĵסɺڶʴ
кâһǡס֮ϣӡҫһɫĹâӡסûɺڶ֮ڣɺڶɱ
ֲ֮һӵϣӲĽһ֮롢ɡ
飡
кâһ֮Ѫڣ΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһͷ峤ʮ׵ɫצɺڶһץ
޾֮צ֮ӿһйһɺڶԴڵķץȥ
ӡҫγʮ
ȫһһ֮ϣÿᴩһͻᱻһ֣һᴩ˶ʮ˵֮е㱻һա
ɶ񣡡
һĨ֮ɫſһ磬һɢŲȻɳ
һһᾧһɳһͷԾصĿֲ֮зɳצһ̽ɺڶԴݺץȥ
ۼرжǿ
кâһס֮ӡ֣һȭݻγһǳ˺ǿգһͷԾصĿֲȥ
¡
ɾǿƬ֮ըѿǿǳ׽һʥʿɴɺڶȻֲ׵˷ɢȥ
һ±ٹһѪֱŤһֲͼʴ֡
ͬɳٹһѪĶ棬ͷ϶һš顿޾ǡ顿֮޸ŵk
һ֮䣬ԭ˺۵Ӿ֮֮£ȫָ
ǡס֮ӡҫǲ֮ϵ֮ȫɣһſ΢ͺڶΧ֣Χһ
ۼر顿ӾȻȱƵʹһرkǶŭˡ
ۼرҲӵеۼر˶Ǿ콾Ϳ˭Եۼرøǿһˡ
ǡ顿һĽᾧǵkΨһáǵۼرkޱȡһΣܶˣ

һĿ⼯ͷ֮ϵġ顿жһĨĹâûһ档
ȻܹұƵ̶ֳȣҲԺˣȻ󣬸ȥ
âҫͷ顿˺Ѳ񷣬ǰצһץһֲޱȵӡգʮգץȥ
ƾҲң룬ۻ࣡
кâһһЦһȭһʱⳤȻ֣ʱⳤ֮иֳһȿռŻǿռŻ룬һſ̺֮ĺɫǳ
ʱⳤ΢΢һһɴҵʱӵ֮ϣͼӵָڲͬʱ֮ڡ
ϵ֮ӿʱⳤӽ֯һӲĵסʱⳤӵʴ
ǿռŻݺһײһײ֮צϣ֮צ֮ϵ֮˺ѣָڲͬĿռ֮ڡ
һſźɫǳײצ֮ϣӲĽצ飬צѪ⾫
һצǰһʱռŻǳٴθ֣һһӺȥ
ͬһֲɱһ㣬ӻɫѪըѣƬƬѪɳɺڶֱɡ
һɺڶϷ֣ԲɺڶֱɣƬ֮γһƬա
ǿʥ棬ôôǿ
ӿǶ˵ۼر顿ôѹסk

ڳ˿ս֮гֵһĻһĨ֮ɫ
Ӷ˵ۼر顿֮ս죬ԿһЩĴʥǿߡǿߣȻѹƣֱ˲š
ʥһĨâʥ棬Ȼ鴫
ּսһ֮ǻ˺۵Ӳʮּѵס֣䣡
ǡ顿һۣһĨź֮ɫֹͣ˹վԭء
ǡ顿ۼر̺Ĺôǿᣬᱻɡ
һǡ顿֮ӵϣϵƶʱܼٶѸٵ
ĿһۣһĨɵ֮ɫһһֱûˡɽ֮ڡ
ˣӶ˵ۼرȻ棡
ʥ棬ǿ¡
ʱľ콾
ʱʥͷʥʱҲ֪ľ콾󵽵˭ܹȥ

Χʥʿǿͷһж˼ɵ֮ɫ
֮ǰЩʥʿǿлһ۵Сϣõkǿһ۵ʸûСսħҲֻлԻʹʥܹõkӡ
Ƕ̶̲ʱ䣬һٽΪʥʿӵеۼرĹŴ콾ܣЩʥʿǸӼɵη塣
ѾᣬҲͬǿƣʥǿ߲ЩʥʿԻɱ
ɺڶһԲԴԴϵûڡ
˭һս
Ȼվ֮Уһڶ֣ͬһ𲻰ħһ㣬ǾŴǿս
ǾŴǿ֮һƬžһĿ⼯ϣ˼ɵ
һս
һâ΢΢һǰ׻ֱӷɵƬ
ǰ׻âһâӡ֣һ±仯Ϊһͷףɢ֮׻
һۼر׻ǰ׻ӵͷ­֮ϣɢһ׵ľ
ȥ
׻âһţһŭء
ǡ׻âҫһնǰ׻۵ӰȻ֣նȥ
׻һۺԶԶȲһ塣ƻǰ׻һȴԶһ塣ǡ׻ĹҲԶ顿
ǰ׻һնһƬ򶼷·һϣͳͳն𡣴ʥǿһ֮£Ϊ֮Σա
Ȥ׻֮޼᲻ݣ񻰣
кâһǡסâҫ޾ӿڣֱһȭʱⳤӡռŻǳ˲֣ǰ׻ֱӺȥ
ʱⳤһǰ׻֮ϣͼŤת׻ʱ⣬ʱ⡣
ǰ׻޾ƻ׽ʱⳤնѡһնǿռŻ֮ϣǿռŻһն룬˳նǳ֮ϡ


1113 ɱ
ǰ׻նգѹһУһ㽫ǳֱն顣
ǳ֮һɺڶʱ֣ǰ׻ֱӾС
ǰ׻һɺڶֱնѿ˳һնȭͷ֮ϡ
Ǹֵġסâһҫɫӡ֣γһɫĽ֮ϣһǰ׻֮ϡ
ɫĹâɫĹâ֯һǰ׻վһȭ顣
ֵġסҲնѳһɼǵ˿ڣƬѪأ˿ڼ޷ϡ
һ˲䣬Ǳ׻նƵǳ΢΢һϣʱⳤӵĳˢ֮£˺գޱȵĳǰ׻ǰһɲǱǰ׻ӵ֮ϡ
ǰ׻ӵûС顿ĵۼرػһ±һֲĴ󶴣Ѫǿֲĺڶɣһ±øɱ
ĿһĬģתɰ壬ŸɺڶȻ֣ǰ׻ֱӺȥ
׻âһǡ׻ٴһնһɿֲޱȵĵһնǿգһֲޱȵĵնǿգǾŸɺڶһӲն
һʱ΢΢һǰ׻ӵһȭݻγһǳһǰ׻ӵı
¡
ǰ׻һ±ѣһѪ
һʱǰ׻ֱӾУʱ֮Уʱң֮
ʱ֮УӲͬʱ֣ǰ׻Ӻȥ
һɲ֮䣬׻Ӿͱʮ£Ѫ졣
ǰ׻Ҳһɲ֮䣬նŵ˾ŵɼǵ˺ۡ
䣡
ٴһȭǰ׻ӵ֮ϣ׻ӵһ֮ǰ׻ӱ
һĨź֮ɫֹֻܹͣ
ǰ׻ӹǿֻҪټսӣĽ֮ɱɡɼȻǰ׻Ѿ䣬Ҳֻܹĵkһ
׻һ·ɵһߣ˺ۣѪ䣬ɨϵ˿һۣһֱӻһ˰׻һӪ֮С
׻Ҳˣ
ǿʥ棬ǿ£
Ȼǿľ콾죡

һʥʿǿ߿ǰȻվ棬жһĨ֮ɫ
ӻǰ׻ӣӵеۼرǿ޵һʱľ콾ľ콾Ȼܶˣֱš
ֱȡʮƿħҩһ¡
ʮƿħҩ֮£һ³Ǳ׻նѵʮ˿ȻϣһεѪ˿֮е䣬Ȼٴηλ
׻֮ϸ棬ϵһ˿˿ĻָɭһЦ棬ҡ׻ն˿ԶҲ޷ϣϣܹ֧ȥ
ԶҲ޷ϣҲδأ׻ӣϾǰ׻ۡҪǡ׻ķֻҪնɱͿԽ׻֮ϵȥ֮⣬ֻҪǡ׻֮ϵͬҲԽȥ
һЦһɺڶȻ֣ʮ˿һӴޱȵ֮һ±ʮ˿֮ϵһ˿˿ɡ
ǡ׻̺֮ŵǿޱȣǰ׻ִƣһն˵ˣԵĥơ׻۲
ɰ׻ȴûֱ£ϾkֻӵʥʿΪǡ׻ҲǵkԼħƶɵر
׻âһֽеġ׻һ˿˿ޱȵӿûǡ׻֮ڣͨޱȵ򣬸ƵĻָ
棬һսò߰ɣ
һâҫӱ仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮף֮׵ƬգһĶ棬г̰ɱ
һǼǳ
һ֮нĴѪ֮һҲһ崿ѪĹؼ֮һǿ߱ɣһ嶼ΪС汻ǰ׻նˣʱӲŻ˹ϳ
һĨâЦô᣿ҵþˣӣ
ãȥ
âҫûκηϻһۼرȻɳһͷ̺Ų·صӰȻ֣Ķ档
ϣմȾһѪҺ£ϣҶȻѪ壡
Ӱһ֣˫֮иֳӡֱָԴһбĹâһŭ
һɲ֮䣬ڳǿѪɫ䡣
ײоףرӵйޱȵѪ֮걻Ѫɱ֮ɱǿ岻嶼Ѫ׷
һ֣ǽɻʳѪʿһѪڣɫ䡣Ǹֵۼر֮УΪƽɻʳǿߡ
ۣѾˡڲֻһӰʲôʸҹ£㻹ǹʷɣ
һȣһץ֮һҫǵۼرꪡһ·С
ڤ粻飡Ѫգ
Ӱŭ˫֮ӡ֣ɫĹâӵk˫֮бֱӺȥ
ɫĹâΪѪ⣬̺Ŷޱȵ䣬һǹâɨУͻűߵѪɱߵ塣
һӡꪡһޱȵĹâȻʮɫ̫ճѹأ޾ɫ̫۳һɣɫĹâ֮ϡ
Ѫⱻ̫һգʱһ
һ˿˿ۿĺɫ׵Ĵ˷ϯȥ
һ˿˿ޱȵĺɫոսӴΧ㱻ǡסֱɡ
âһһӣǵۼرʱ֮顿Ȼɳһʱǡʱ֮顿ӿһ
ӱʱһ壬˼άһ¾ֹһɲǡ
ȥ
һɲ֮䣬ԽʱޱȵĳϷǡס֮ӡ֣ڵ֮ҲڵС֮ȫȡעǵۼرꪡ֮ڣĴӵͷ­֮ϡ
ҡ
Ӹոշһͱǡꪡһ¹ᴩͷ­ʮִڵk֮˲ըѿkһը顣
һɺڶȻ֣žɱ˲Ϣ֮佫ӲƵֱɡ
һץӲĽǡץУǡס֮иֳصӡѹš
ס֣棬һӷŻ
һŭ׵һ֮дʥĴѪһ·ɳѪڣצͷϵɺڶݺץȥ
սħڽ֮УʮʥȻ֣ʮشʥǿߵĹȻʥȥ


1114 ķ
Ĵʥǿһ¸ֳصӡͼ˺գƬ֮ѡ

ԻʹʥȻֳ֮һʥرĴʥһա
һޱȵǡһʥ֮ϡ
ǡûйȴѹյǻԻʹʥ֮£Ĵʥһ±סһ˲

Ĵʥâӡ֣γɫķ硣
ʮشʥǿߵʥһɫķ֮ϡ
Ǻɫķ֮һŤĹâʥڵʮɱֱждɲŻǺɫĽ֮ϡ
޾Ĺâҫɫķձʥں飬дʥ֮ϣһ˿˿û˵kǷֺ
ʥһ˲䣬ѾصսħڵΧ֮ڡ
һǧܽ׷ɵǰž޶ػǰ
սֱӷɳڿڣֱָһ塣
ɭһЦôһѵҪٴƻһս𣿡
һĴʥǿ֮ɫ棬ǵӻһսħڲݣ
һĨɭޱȵɱݾͲݣھҪս𣿡
һ弫ΪǳʲôС޶ǺޡУѾ֪һΪСȻлӣȻŹûᡣ
һһֲޱȵĵʼѡʳĵۼرܿʼգѹķ
ʳ֮ڵĵۼرһʳ֮ʿ߶Щۼرܹӳܾ춯أԶԶ漤ĵۼرܡ
ǾŴǿ֮һۼرҲѹķ
ΧΧ۵ʥʿǿɫ䣬ʩչطԶȥ
Ŵǿ֮սһЩʥʿǿߣЩʥʿǿҲͬбشΣա
˵Ůһսʤˣһζսõk⳥ʮ֮Ȫ
ͬ⣡
ͬ⣡

ǾŴǿ֮е˴ǿ֮жԸʱսһĿⶼϡ
һ콾ۼرҲСԪˣѾΪŴǿ׵Ĵڡ
һһʥǿҧ棬ӻһ塣飬ǿԵʲôûз
ǸkѾɻˡ磬ҰЩһ㣿
һЦָһһ˿˿ҳɺڶ֮ӿһĴʥƮȥ

һĴʥ˫ѣš
һ֮УҲһŭĿֲ
һľ콾۵Էӡʱⳤ֮УΪ˴һʱϣ
һϣֻ𣬼ֱһ弸֪һĶ֣kǾԻ᲻ϧһд档
һʥһĨ֮ɫǿһЦݵʥѵkһ壬һʥ
ⳡս֮лŵ˿Իս˵һС۸ղɱʥʿûнkǵﻹǡҪءôܣ⣿
һϷʵĿʥǱѹ˵ġʳָ֮תš
һǿ߿ָ֮еġ˫۳죬ҧгݣ޲֣ǡжߡ
ʲôۼرһ˵ȲϡҪǡʩչѪԼ˵Ѫ壬ԴѪһǿѪϴŴѪķ
ʥһԸһۼرԪ顿ǡΣ
ʥһУһīͬһеĵۼرԪ顿ڵkС
һһöԪ顿ʱ۾һһĨ֮ɫۼرҵĵ·
һۼر֮⣬ǱṩеĿʯֻҪǴӦҵ⡾ҲԻǡ
ָһһâֱûһʥУһâ֮У̺߼Ҫĸϡϡ
嵱ѹһԴŽһսʿʵۼ߼սءȻѹΣᵽҲԼ߼Ҫĸϡϡ
һʥǹâһץŵĸϢüͷ΢΢һɫһ±ѿ֮
߼սҪĲϼǵۼĵرƵۼرıÿһϡ֮һ嶼ûм
ʥĿ䣬ָһһâֱӷУһֻ֡
һӹһâ΢΢һɨ¶һ˿Ц⣺ãɣ
ʥɫ࣬һӣǡԪ顿Լ㻯һֱӷС
ϸɨЩһۣȷǱûбκֽţһ֣Ĩȥѹķӡ
һâҫǡֱӷһС
ϧ
̫ϧˣ

ǾŴǿ֮УһϧޱȵһûˡӵһۼرѹˣҲ䵽ͨϵһУ޷Щ鼶ǿ岢С
һʮּǳرǾŴǿ֮ûһǿϲһǿ
һĴʥĿһۣȻžŴǿڵķȥһĨԹ֮ɫֱûһӪ֮ڡ
һָǡԪ顿һݻΪһֲޱȵĺڶʮ˿һ
ǡԪ顿֮һɷֱӱǡԪ顿ɣʧ
ɷһһɹǿޱȵϵʮ˿ڶʱܼٶѸٵ
ҵѾָ˭һս
ֳ֡ꪡͷԪ顿һʱⳤӣͬһִʱ⣬޵еĿֲħķǾŴǿƵ
ǾŴǿһ˳Ĭ֮УһɵĿϡ
ӱնɱһסǾŴǿľ콾kǶʮһԶۼرһǸ˾޴ĴۣҲֻҪټսΣͻûԸʣµľ콾
ǾŴǿľ콾ȴûһԸһս䵱콾̤ʯ


1115 ˾Ŵǿ
˭һս
Ƭ֮лصԴԴϵ˷ϯûϷɺڶ֮ڡ
ÿһʱ䣬͸ǿһ֡
ǾŴǿһƬĬûһ콾һս
ŴǿҲˣ
ʥһʱ޵а
һʱվʱ

֮дһ֮еǿǿжһĨ˷֮ɫ
ɫʥһĨâǿ£ȻôǿˡӵkǶĶ֡ǳҵԤϡ
ɫʥЩ̵ۼرˡ
ɫʥЦۼرĺεȾ޴ܹͬʱʹۼرҲı¡ôĵۼر
ÿһۼرʥʿǿһʹһۼرѾǼޡ
ǡסѪĵۼرǡꪡǳΪkˡ涯ۼرıȽСܹõرʱ֮顿
ȻͬʱۼرҲѾļޣҲֻܹں̵ܶʱ֮ڣͬʱʹۼر
Իʹʥ棬ҲһĨο֮ɫ˲Ȼɳزʱľ콾
潫Իʹʥ֮ʱҲֻһ溣ǿߡ˶̵ʱ֮ڣͽΪʥʿֽٶȾԻʹʥΪ֮̾
˵ŮһξǾˣԼ뽫һ֦մ½ǡ
ԼĲ֮Ȫ͹֮ȻὫһ֦մ½ǡ
ãʮ֮ڣǻὫ֮Ȫ͵
һâҫǾŴǿֱӴ뿪һ˷ɢȥ
棬ǡ֦մ½ҲܸȤ֮䣬һսעսħڵġ֦մ½Σ
һɫķ绷ߣǷʥһ棬ޱȵս⡣
ڶԸʱ򣬷֣վһߡȴ֮󣬷淢ս
ʥ棬ȻսҪ𣿡
ҲδأϾսʤ֮ˡû棬һʱɫľ콾

һ֮һԴһĿⶼϡ
Ԥ֮еǸˣ
Ԥ֮еǸˣע޵һʱľ콾
ڳˣҲעĴУ

֮ʳ֮еʥʿǿǵĿⶼ˷ϳء
ʿ֮еԤʿȻϡޱȣǴ󲿷ԤʿԤԶ׼ޱȡʳÿһʱ˶ùԤʿԤʱδЩԤʿĿУ޵ʱʿ֮дһ֡
ǷѾ˳ֻ֮ǸԤʿ޵һʱǿߡ
һĨâһЦҪսħڵġմ½ȤʲôҶģˣǲҪλøңҳΪλ֮
΢΢һЦҵķλʮλ֮һԵʿʵۼǿߵλ档Ȼճ̶ԶԶϲ֮λ棬ȴҲѸ١ֵԶԶսħڡ֦մ½Ķսѵòƽ𣿡
ȻսߣôһĴҲȻ顣ȻҲԾܾҲǿ㡣
ȻӦǷ½µļ԰Ȼаٷ֮ٵţȴҲõkǵΪעжսһսǶעˣʲôҪʤˣЩ͹㡣
һЦһ㣬ʮ֮ȪȻɳֱȥ
濴ʮ֮ȪһĨ֮ɫЦ֮ȪãҴӦһս
֮Ȫʥʿϲıǡ֮Ȫ̺һ˿ʥԣǿʥʿΪ޸ʥʿ꣬˼㡣
浭ղսļ󣡺úûָҵ㣡
΢΢һЦһ֮Ȫһ·ɵϷӴޱȵĲ֮Ȫһɢ䣬ûڡ
ǡ֮Ȫ֮£ӵ콾սɵƺƣͶѸٵĻָ
Һˣɣ棡ȫһս
һСʱ֮һ˫ۣ貵Ĺâҫֳ֡ꪡֱָ棬гս⡣
΢΢һЦһ쫷罻֯Χһޱȵӡ֮⸡֣һۿʥر֮סϡ
һɫ쫷΢΢һһȫ͸ʥر֮Ҳڷ汳
Ƿϵġָ֮ѥһҫй
ӡҫʥرװ
ʥر֮еװرʥرɣͨķʽ޽ӽۼرı
ʥرװʿʵۼǿû̫ãǶʥʿʥǿ˵ǵkǿԿֳֵۼرͬǿߵֶ֮һ
һʥʿװͬ͵ĵۼرʥرװԷӳս󡣲ʥرȴȵۼرҪٵöࡣ
ƾʥرװȻУ
΢΢һЦһһɢŲȴеĵۼر֮סһ³С
ǡ֮סһֲ֣ޱȵķ籩һ³ڷΧ·˺һУնһУη塣
棬Դطʥ䡿ָ̣
һĨâһӡ֮סһɲ֮䣬Բʮ֮ڣһ±γһƬϯʮ籩
ǿֲޱȣ״ݻһλ籩֮Уʮǧ̺ŷ֮塢Ŀֲâأնȥ
ǿ
Ƿʥ棡һشʥǿߣ
һ

Χ۵ʥʿǿһɫ䣬ʥʿǿ߶ɫҰסһǵkԼλ棬ӵԼе֮ӳֵ֣ܵסǽ֮γɵĿֲһ
ǿܹ֮ˣ
һĨ֮ɫֳ֡ꪡһ̣ʮɫ̫ճѹļ˻ġ
ʮɫ̫޾̫ҫγһɫ硣
ʮǧ̺ŷ֮塢Ľâ˺ǳնɫ֮Ͻɫնòһ˿˿
ʮǧâ֮һһâȻ籩֮޾նʮ֮ϡ


1116 ս
籩ϯ֮еĸԴԴϢһһ̺ŷ֮Ľâ籩֮նʮ֮ϡ
Ǵʥķ磬̺֮Ľâ֮£Ҳʧ
ͬʱǿֲޱȵ籩֮Уҫʿµǿһ֮䣬ᱻ籩Ƭ
ʥʿǿ֮У»ʿ¶϶ĳ˺kǵĿԶڡ
񱦵䡿Ȼ
浭һЦתɰ壬һɺڶȻ֣䣬âꡢʱ䡢ռһжͳͳɣƬ֮С
ǿֲޱȵ籩γɵķ֮ıɺڶȫɣԴԴϵɺڶ֮дûڡ
һ̺ŷ֮Ľâոճͣͱɺڶֱɡ
Ǹ籩ҲΪɣʧ
һĨâɰ壬ȻϵطȻЧ
ɰԴΧɸ籩ɢĹ˺ֺ
һɫ쫷绷ƣһһķɫ쫷֮߳ɢſֲϢķƬ֮С
Ƿ
ԣǲͨķɢϢ˿ÿֲط൱һ¶ͬ׵ǿߣ

Χ۵ʥʿһʱɫ䡣Щʥʿÿһͨ˶ѾգͬԵķ
֮УҲûпһʥʿһΪʥʿط
ÿµطһʱ޵콾
Ԥ֮еľ콾һ£Σˣ
ڷУҲ㶪ˡط졣

Щ֪ԤԵǿĶŷжһĨ֮ɫ
棬Сģ
һȣһٶȰ֮ϣԳԽٵĿֲٶ˺գ˲һ㣬࣬ɫĽâӲͬķնȫӡƬա
һȻû֮ڤڤΰȴ۵˼㣬ʥǿвҲᱻһشնɱ
һӡꪡһɫâǽâһ
¡¡¡
һɲ֮䣬֮оǧΣֲޱȵıը˺Ѳ񷣬ء
һ֮âƬ֮зɳһ´һֱߴʮǳ֮ϣһֱߴʮǳһըѿ飬·ɽ
һɫ̫һһֱߴʮǳ֮ϣһǳһ±ɫ֣ȼ
һſǳϷ顢ȼգ·һĩյľ
ʥʿ̫ˣ
̫ˡ
ֵನܹݻǳ죡

֮УЩʥʿµʿǿ潻֣һг𺳡ʥ֮½ϵ⡣
ʥʿ֮еľ콾֣ʿǿ߱kǵನУҲܵˡ
ЩʿǿӵеۼرҼʿ߶һۼرп˵ǿߡ
ǿȻӵʥʿĿֲսҲֻѷһ
ҲһʥʿǿߵΧȻȫ·磬Ҳһʱǿľ콾
һﶼ˱̬Ĺ壬治һʱĳ

ЩһԹսʥʿǿ߿ʥս棬жһĨɵ֮ɫ
滹Ƿ涼ʱľ콾֮еĹκһֻҪõһͿһˣһµһԾΪϵ塣
һξҵײ֮һɫ쫷΢΢һ֮γɵķ汾
΢΢һЦΧһ¸ֳ֮ӡһֺ쫷绷еĵۼر֮סϣѾҪʼˡ
Ҳ΢һˡ
ɫӡ֣һ¸ֳһɺڶ·һſһеĺڶе
Ǳ̬ղŵĽֻ
һһʱǿĹ

Χ۵ʥʿһо𡣸ղ֮ĽֻڳκһʥʿԵֵ
Ľ־ȻֻǿߵЩʥʿǿ߶Ϊ֮𺳡
һʱⳤӴǷ֮ǿգһ񱩵쫷ʱⳤ֮лۣһɫǳ֮ϡ
һĻĿ΢΢һʱ壡Ȼʱ壬Ҳ㲻ķţ
ʱ֮Բİ֮һ˰塣
һ·ǿУǵһ˲ʱĴС
ʱ壡ȻҲʱ壡
ǿѲİ壡
һʱȻʱĹ̫ˣ

ЩΧ۵ʥʿǿǿΧֵʱⳤӣһɫ䣬ʧе
죡
Ԥ֮ע޵һʱľ콾Ȼǿ죡
һ£ֻҪˣ

Щ֪ԤʳǿҲһԤŲɡ
ʱⳤӵ֮£ǷΧʱ˲䱩ʮٶȰ塢֮ǿ֮£ǿ쵽㡣
һɲ֮䣬һ쫷֮зɳնȥ
еġꪡһ㣬һɫĴȻ֣쫷ȥ
쫷΢΢һһΪţһ˷˼ĽǶȣշ֮ߣնȥ
һɺڶ֮и֣Ǿŵ쫷֮ϡ
Ǿŵ쫷һһ´һɺڶնġסնѳ˾Ÿӡ
ǡꪡݻγɵɫҲֱӴ˷Ҽ磬ըѿǷҼըѳһ޴ޱȵĿӡ
ǿ棡ȳ֮ҪǿˣȤĵˣҵŻ᲻į
һЦͬһ㣬ٴηֳӽնȥ
棬ȻǿһΣܵˣע㣡
һɺڶȻ֣һɲ֮䣬ſɺڶգ໥һеĿֲܣŷѹȥ
ֳ΢΢һһ±еֱûǾŸɺڶ֮ڡ
ƣ
սӿӽһնγһʮ׵ķ֮޽նգһǾŸɺڶֱնơ
ޱȵķ֮ǾŸɺڶԴȪӡһնƣֱӽһֲףɴʥķֱȥ
һ˲䡾ʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱⳤӿŷһˢ


1117 ܷ
ǡʱ֮顿ĸ֮£Χʱһң˲ͬʱ֮ڡ
˼ά˲ǧ֮һ룬ָѵһ˲䣬һֻ̺ʱռŻǳȭͷֱӳǰ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ſһ磬һʥرܡǰ
ǡܡ֮صӡ֣쫷γһһɫķ֮硣
̺ذ壬ѹصһȭǡܡ֮ϡ
һɫķ֮׷飬ǡܡҲһȭУֱӹѣɵһߡ
ǡꪡֱ˺գһ´˷ڣһɫֱ̫ըѿ
ȻϧлὫɵҲԲŹ
ͨʿʵ۱ǿԽԽãÿһʱǶʿʵ۱Ķֻһˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬еġ֮סһɫĹâһ´Լڣǡꪡݺݵײһ
޾ıǷڱǡꪡӲɡ
һʱһ̤ʱڷǰݻγһǳŷֱӺȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һֲޱȵ쫷֮лƣγһ֮ס
һǳһºǷ֮ϣǷֱ֮ӹᴩ˷ϣֱӺһѪ
һսҰˣ棬֮·
һ»һɫ쫷磬ǡ֮סΪһ壬˺Ѳ񷣬ǿֱӷӶȥ
ϧ
濴ʧǿķ棬һĨϧ֮ɫ
Ƿ֮ͬǿľţԶԶڵĳ֮ϡҲ뽫ֱӸɵ
治ǾţһܵشжϳԼĶ֣ѡ˵ء
ƴȫۼرѹӣȴ޷ѹ档涯ĵƣҲֻܹش޷֮ѹ
ˣʥҲС
ʥ棬Ȼһʱǿ콾
һʱǿľ콾

һԵʥʿǿ߼һĻӿһĨ֮ɫһ̾
澹Ȼˣ
Ȼδһɲ䣡
澹Ȼˣһʱ޵콾Ȼ档ЩԤʿǲֵ

֮Уʳʥʿǿ棬жһĨĹâ
δЩԤԴʦǶԤ׼ȷʸߴųϵĴʥǿߡʥǿ߶ǸΪ۲ԤԣھȻƣȻʳʥʿһ겻ѡ
ҲˣѾûֹܹ𣿡
֮УԪվһ䣬Ķվǿ֮е棬˫ȭգȵĻ档
Ԫھա֮ҲѾΪһʿǿߣǾʥʿȻңңڣڿ棬д˼ʡ
澹Ȼǿز𣿡
һƬ֮У֮ת֮ϣ˫۸ֳӡĶ滺һ̾
ϣ޽ʥʿ֮󣬱ΪԼʥʿ֮Ѿ޵Уȴû뵽ֱӱܡڷҲܣðϣս
΢΢һΣֱûսħڵӪ֮ڡ
ĵۼرâ΢΢һ˺գսħڵķȥ
һսĽܿͨħʿ֮д
ʥѹȺۣѹŴǿ塣ɰӣ
ʥܷʥ޵һʱ
ʥճսħ޵У

ħħ̳֮Уһӷ˾޴ޱȵĺ䶯
Ǿʥʿȫֵ֣ನܹնǳ
̫ˣʥ޵һʱľ콾
뽫ҵĺ͵ʳڿǼսħڱȽϺá
սħڣô򵥣ûʣ뵱һսħŵӶ첻

ʿ֮Уսħڵһսﵽ۷壬Ϊʿеĵһʥأһʿʳ֮ϡ
֮ǰսħһٽĴʥʿʿУȻȲϵޱȵʳ
սħڵ֮УҲֻڵλ
һս֮սħڵﵽ۷壬֮λŷ׷ѡսħڡ֮ʿŶֱѡΪսħڵѡ
Щãã֮еʿҲѡᣬ࣬սħڵѡ
Щ÷ʥǿʿҲһɢȥ˲֣ᣬøǿ
Щѵսħڵز죬ͨóףԴԴϵĻþ޴ޱȵĲƸ
սħڵսҲΪ˸ʿıǸʿźķѾ޴ԴսħƳĸսˡ
ţҲռ˺ü߼սҪƵۼرĶϣ֮⣬ֿƵۼرĲҲռ˲١
ʿ֮бһۼرĲ϶ëʮϡ١渴գĵرϳֵۼرĲҲ׷֮⣬ʳҲͬ˾޴ĺôռرϡ
꣡
֮·һȴ֮Уһ֮һͭɫĴһѿ࣬¶һ󶴣ĪϢͭɫĴ֮ӿϯ档
ʱˣ
ʱǰ֮·ˣ
һҪ֮·нףΪʱʿʵۣ

ʿ֮Уʥʿǿ߶оһصı仯kǵԪٴλӳʱ֮·Ѿ
һԺյرʿطɳ֮·ڵķȥ
ЩһֻȥڽûʲôҰĵʥʿ֮⣬ʥʿǿ߶֮·ȥ
ЩӹŴѾ˯񣬸ոѵǿҲԦŸַر֮·ȥ
ʿڸգÿһλ涼ڲϵĵĵرϣֻҪڲ֮λʮλҲܹѰҵʿʵ۵ԴҪʱ䳤þˣʮ㡣
֮·֮Уӵַ˵֮нİ֮·ľͷЩҰĲʥʿȻŹᡣ
սħϳһսֱӷɳû֮У֮·ȥ
֮·λʿһƬ֮г˸Σյǿޡ
һսħڵսһһͷ峤ߴ·һž޴ǳ㣬ͷʨצЫβǿһ˫ֻۣ۾һų޾âսħڵս


1118 ѹʥǿЫ
ս֮ڡ
ħʥһͷֲޱȵǿޣʱһһĨ֮ɫǿЫޣһֿԴݻλľޡʥ鷳ˣ
ˣȻܹطһͷʥޡ
˫֮һĨ˷֮ɫ΢΢һΣһ»һԭʧ
һɲ֮䣬һأһУʱ䡢ռĿֲڶȻ֣һͷǿվϯȥ
һͷǿЫһĨâſһ磬һɫĶȻɳգɱһУ֮ϯȥ
һֲĺڶֲ֮˲䱬һ½ɫĶɡǿֲޱȵ֮һһͷǿЫ޵֮ϣӲĽһͷӴһǳǿЫӲɡ
һͷǿЫһɣǺڶ֮вޱȵɺڶ֮֮£һ±øɱ
ħʥһĻĬĬֹһ䣺ײУһʱǿľ콾
һͷǿЫǰħʥϣҲҪķѴսпܽԷܡҪѹɱܣҲֻз桢ӡ֮ͬ޵еľǿ߲ܹ׵ɱһͷǿЫޡ
Ƭǿ֮һɹ׺׵ϢʼѣһſǳըѿЩǳ֮нһͷһͷǿЫֱӷɳޱȵϢ߷
ħʥŴԶľŵʥϢοЦǿЫΣղkȺ
ͷʥʿޡ̫ˣ
ѩ֮һĨ˷֮ɫһģһ´ʮʿĳʹЩǿЫ޷ȥ
ѩһſʹֻ֮kϵʹ֮һڰһڰγɵĹԹγɵĿֱֲͷǿЫһ
ͷʥʿǿЫһ±ǹ֮밵ɣһ¸ֳơ
ʯ֮Ҳޱȵ⣬ǰ̤һ˺գѩ׵˫ȭһ䣬һʯͷǿЫֱһͷǿЫֱʯ
ħʥЦһ£ԱһòףһȻ֮У˼ʥʿײУսħڵˣһ̫뺷ˡ֣Ҳһְɣ
һ׵ʥʿʥһ𳬷ʥʥֳһӵ溣ĿֲսһʥŽʥʿʥҲǰħʥСȦ֮еĺѡ
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ʥâһԭʧ֮Уһ³һƬɫâγɵǳ֮
ǳ֮һһͷǿЫޱ㱻ǳ֮С
ħʥһ⣬Ƭǿ֮Уӡ֣˲仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴʮףͷͷħһͷǿЫֱȥ
ħʥ仯Ϊʮ׵ͷħ֮һһǳǿЫ޴ޱȣkȴӲѹסһǿЫޡ
ͷǿЫ޾ֱƬ
һʱⳤȻƬ֮и֣̤ʱⳤӣһһеĿֲڶһͷײһǿЫ޵֮ϣͷǿЫֱ¡
һһеĿֲڶһͷǿЫ֮󣬼һеĿֲϢͷǿЫֱӷȥ
ͷǿЫҲʥʿľޣȻǻԵͣȴҲܵĸоһſ޴ĳԶȥ
һȾ޴ޱȵĿռŻֱͷǿЫ޵ǰͷǿЫһһȿռ֮ڡ
ȿռ֮ɺڶǰ֣Ŵ򿪣ͷǳһǿЫޱǰ
ɺڶһӲĽͷǿЫȫɡ
ͷǿЫɺڶ֮зȱɵͷǿЫ΢һᣬ㻯ҽʧ
ͷǿЫ޵Դ֮Ҳɺڶһĳȡû֮ڡ
һĨ֮ɫǧͷǿЫɣҾͿԽ״ʥ֮
ÿһʥʿǿߣԴͻһССԾǨֽԶȿҪöࡣ
Цħʥʥ費Ҫҳ֣
ÿһʥʿӵԼԸƢеʥʿ˼㣬е˳֡һóȻ֣˵ˡ
ȻҲֻʤȯյ֮£ܹеķʡգԻѹЩޡ
ħʥϵְɣҪһķѵʱ̫ˡ
ɺڶһռԾޱȵĳħʥսͷǿЫֱһͷǿЫֱӾУŵk
ħʥԼսʱǿЫޱɣӿһ˿𺳣ǿ£ʥʿǿЫ޶סһһֻһЩʥǿ߶δĶ֡
ʥȵħʥң
ħʥһΣһͷǿЫֱӷȥ
ʥûΪͷǿЫޱһʾ޴ޱȵĲƸɺڶһͷǿЫ޾ͻ֣õkЩġ
浭ȻһЦĿѩʯȥ
ѩŲʹŮʣkֱźڰְ壬նͷǿЫ޵ϡ
ͷǿЫһͷ˿źڰϢһͷ˿ŵĹ֮kȻǻָǿޣϵ˿ȴ޷תϵĶ񻯡
ʯǻһߴʮ׵Ůʯˣתʯ壬ͷǿЫ޵֮ϣһͷǿЫʯ֮һһͷǿЫҲˡ
ûг֣վ֮Уʯѩŵkǵսʥʿǿֵ߽Ļ᲻࣬Լʯѩŵʵս顣
ʮ֮ɺڶһһûڣǿЫѾԴ֮Ѿɴ
ɰֻǿߵԴԴܹ꣬ϵ۷
ֻǿԴʱѾԽ״ʥȻһַ״ʥԶܽ׳Ϊʿʵۣ͸׳Ϊߡ
֮죬ȴûκβȣҪһԭ˴ǿߵԴɱ䣬ܹ֧ٽס
ʱǿһǳȻըѣһͷ峤ߴʮ·һž޴ǳ㣬žŸͷʨצЫβǿһ¸֣һ֮Ĵʥֲѹͬɽһ߷ϯ


1119 ͷǿЫ
ͷǿЫޣ
Ӧǹɿֲ׵Ϣ˫֮иֳӡԶȥһ۾ͿһͷɢϢľͷǿЫޡ
ħʥɫ棬ǾͷǿЫޣʥޣѹͷǿЫޣȻ˵أ
ʥҲɫ䣬ʥҫʮʥر֮ɳϵնǿЫ޵֮ϣͷǿЫն˺ۡ
ǿЫ޻ָΪֲЩ˿ڣܿۿɼٶ޸
һ״ǿЫ޵Ŀ֮еһжͳͳճɻҡ
ʥǿޣkϢȻԻʹʥkǲ̫Զˡһոս״ʥǿޡһֻ
涢ǾͷǿЫޣһĨ˷֮ɫ
ڴʥǿ֮УǿһСkȻһӵлصĿֲȴֻбܣûгԽ֮ϵĴڡ
΢΢һΣһɺڶ㸡ڰħʥ˶ԸǿЫϣֱһͷǿЫ˽ȥ
һɺڶȻһԾһ³ѩŶԸͷǿЫߣ΢΢һ㽫ͷǿЫֱ˽ȥ
ѩ΢΢һƲ֮кâһ̺źڰĹ˺Ѳ񷣬ǲдͷǿЫֱϯȥ
澲Ȼվ֮УĶԶľͷǿЫޣ֮ɫ
ǿЫޱϾʥʿĿֲޣĿǰʵͬʱͷһٶȾͻú
ͷĿǰõѡ񣬿ʱ̱ǿս
һս֮ϣһ¸ֳʮʥڣһͷ˺գ߸ͷǿЫޡ
ʮޱȵĹҫһƬ֮һǾͷǿЫ޵֮ϡ
һ˲ǾͷǿЫޱ㱻ʮֱߴĿֲѨƬѪҺʮѨ֮ء
ֱߴĿֲ˿ڶǻǼΪֲˣǶֱߴʮľͷǿЫ˵ȴֻСˡ
Ŀ΢΢һеһһĨ֮ɫӲʥڵڻǿµĹ
ʥ忪ĳƻʥǿ߱һںУҲܵˡǾͷǿЫ޾ȻӲסʮʥڵĹֱŵ˼㡣
ѿ䶯ʮʥɵƱܼĿֲٶѸϣͷͷǿЫһĨâһͷſһ磬һ̺Ŷ֮ĺɫ˺ѲһгսֱӺȥ
ĬģһָʮȲĿռŻȻ֣ǺɫĶ֮ǰ
ǺɫĶһһȿռŻ֮ϣ̺ſռĿռŻ׷ױԳǺɫĿֲ
ÿһȿռŻὫһֺɫĶָǣռ䡣
ǵʮȿռŻ֮һɫĶֱӱǣŤȿռһº֮һֱʮǳ֮ϡ
һֱʮǳǺɫĶһɨʱǳʼŤܽ⣬һѹŤĺɫҺ塣
ǿԶͨĴʥǿߡûرҶԼ츳ʹֲ̫ڡ
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һʱȻ֣һ̤ʱ֮УΧʱӵʮͷͷǿЫֱӷȥ
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ǾͷǿЫ޵Ыβʱһ±ûޱȡ
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κһʥʿҪΪʿʵۼǿ߶ҪԴһѡ̤֮·ôʥʿ֮Ѿǵ˵ĹϵĿֲڣԲ·ʥʿ
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һͷŽëֳһ޴ɢʥʿֲϢĳëԳһС֮߳˫ɢޱȵϢɨһۣȻ𣬺ݺһ̺ȥ


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ǾͷǿЫһ֣ŸͷһſڣŵԶһеĿֲɫ˺Ѳ񷣬ŰٵȲдİ˴ʥʿֱӺȥ
һޱȵķâҫǰ˴ʥʿ׷ʩչطһԶȥ

΢΢һסһ¸ϣǡꪡҲ֡ǰһһ¿Խգһħ֮ϣݺһһħֱȥ
Ǳħʥʿֹͨޱȵ䷨汾˵в󣬿ǶĲ˵ȴֵĵˡвĲ¾ͻϢȥkµĴ̿͡
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һɺڶȻ֣ħһħֱɡ
ħһ飬дʥʿжһ˿˿⡣

ʮֹϵһʩչһɫԶֱӷȥ
ʥʿҲʩչطŲͬķȥ
ǱӵʥʿһĨϷ֮ɫɢӴܣڻβǹϡ


1122 ͳͳѹ
΢΢һΣͷ󣬻Ӷꪡͷֱնȥ
ͷ޴βһ飬̺ſֲһǡꪡ֮ϡ
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ǰͷ΢΢һΣܹһɫӡʥˣҳҪҵ֮½ơұϾһʥǿߣӵԼϡ
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кâһ̤ʱһǰͷָһţһɺڶȻһ㽫ǰͷ˽ȥ

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̾һ䣬һǰǰӶꪡֱһնʮѿգ˲佫ʮʥر˿ͳͳն飬˳ƽһնء
һɺڶȻ֣УɫĹâҫʮ֮һƬҽֱ


1123 ʬħʥ
ʮǰٻɵĻҽ΢΢һ
ǰɱһʮʥʿǿߣʮ֣ʥǿҲԴɱƬȴȫɱڲ֯һش
΢΢һΣֱӴԽһȿռţС룬һץ
һ¸ֳޱȵӡһȻ֣ǽ֮иһöԿס
һ´Ƿ֮Уһ棬һöԿֱץС
Կ׵֣ȥ򿴿
һĨâָһţһ֮ڼʮͷǿЫԼսϡ
һ֮֮£Сʱÿտ
˫һ´֮Уصӡ֣γһ磬赲ǰ
ǧƬɫֱӵǧԿףͨΨЩʵĿֲڣ˺ѽڣǰ
貵ĹâҫһӲı˺ѣѿһֲĴ󶴡
һǿֲĴ֮ڣ̤һƬ
һƬɫ֮С
ѩֳʹ֮ſڰֱƬĸߴǧ׵ľʯ֡
ͷʥʿľʯǺڰγɵ֮зһı
ʮʿĳʹѩŵ·վţӡӵkǵ֮и֣ѩŽŹΪkṩ
ѩΪʹŮʣʹһĻߡʹսԼʹõkЩʹøǿ
Ȼ֮䣬֮һҫһ˿˿һֻīɢŲʥ޾ʬɽѪ֮еĹȻ֮ѩźݺץȥ
ѩ΢΢ɫ䣬ӽһն
һɫĽâ˺գһʮ׵ĿֲһֻޱȵĴֺݺնȥ
һֻ֮ϣһ¸ֳһֻޱȵѪڣŨޱȵʬݺһҧǳʮ׵Ľ֮ϣһڱ㽫ǳʮ׵Ľҧ顣
ǹޱȵĴ־ֱѩźݺݵץȥ
£ӣ
һʿĳʹһĨȻ֮ɫһȣӡҫȼʥ飬ӽһնһޱȵĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬һնһֻĴ֮ϡ
̺һĹâһնǹ֮ϣӲĽǹնѿһεθѪǹĴ֮еء
ǸѪһأһƬطԲͱתΪһƬɢʬħ
һʿĳʹҲһ˲仯ҳʧ
ǹֱն˵һ˲䣬ѩǲдʮʿʹйһɫĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬һ·ɳǧ
ûõģѩţƬѾҵħӲģ
һ֮УһĿ࣬Ųʬ˿Ŀһ˫۾֮д˶߳޵Ĺʬħʥһ̤֮ѩɭһЦ
һֻɢһƲʮ׵ħצһƹޱȵʬѹա
ѩһײʬγɵ֮Уʱɫ䣬ʮһޱȵľ֮Ȼǹʬ⡣
ѩ·ʮʹʿҲСմȾһʬһ¿ʼɢһ˿˿ʬ嵽ָõĺۼ
ѩſ֮һֻɫħצ֮һĨ֮ɫǵۼرʬħצ
ʬħʥһЦûǹʱʬħ֮ǰնԼ֣һйעУγɵĵۼرҲһ޵еĵۼر
ν޵еۼرǵĴڣͬһʱ޵Уѹһе˵޵а
ÿһ޵еۼرǸǵһͬɳմﵽ۷ĵۼر˵Ϥ֮£ǶӵԶͨۼر
еġꪡʱ֮顿Ԫ顿סļۼرƷϣȻԶԶȲ޵еۼر
ѩ֮һĨâʬħʥ֮ԩ޳ΪʲôҪԸңѵ㲻Ҹ潫ɱ𣿡
ҲûйϵЩֶܵ˵ĳǵࡢ˵Ǵ֮ֻҪͳͳˡȻԽʬͳͳתתΪתΪһŵ顣
ֻҪܹת棬־ܹѹڣ˵Ѿͷ޵ķˣʱ㣿Ҫ־͹̫ˣȻΪ֣ҵԣȥˣ
ʬħʥȻ¶һЦݣһ±ԭʧ
ģô£kôʧˣ
ѩ΢΢һֵķǹʬħʥȻһ˲ĸӦ֮ʧ
һ̣ѩµһʹһ¶һޱȵЦݣȻһצѩֱӴȥ
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ѩɫ䣬һȻſγһֵǰ
һʹһתΪ˹ʬħʥòһ´̴һ֣һѩŵĸ
ôʬħתطɣ
ʬħʥһЦֲޱȵʬӵk֮бѩʴȥ
ס֣
ſ£

ѩµʮʹɫ䣬ӽǹʬħʥնȥ
żһὫȫʬˣʬʹһǺȤĴڡ
ʬħʥһЦâһţſ³һӡ
һʬǡʬħצ֮·ʮʿĳʹһʮʿĳʹʱһڵϣһõĺۼһɣԽԽ
ʿǿ߳˲֮İʥ֮⣬ûеۼرǿޱȵʥرϹʬħʥʥʿ֮еľ콾ֱ޻֮
δҹζ࣬ȥˣ
ʬħʥâһһ¿һڡǡʬħצ֮ӡ֣ѩŴȥ
һǡʬħצУѩʹŮʣҲᱻֱɱ
ѩſǴġʬħצһӿһ˿˿־;ҾҪ𣿡
ʬħʥôĹȻҶҵŮ˶֣
һɭޱȵ·޾Ԩ֮ӿһʱֱǹʬħʥԼǡʬħצһ
ǹʬħʥ΢΢һһ±ֹһ˲䡣
ǡʬħצΧɢһŤ˿ûбʱӰ죬ֱѩŴȥ
һȿռŻȻһԸ֣һŤĹâǡʬħצ֮еռŻֱ顣
·ϱһ㣬ǡʬħצӿ񱩣ѩźݺݺȥ
ǡꪡʱĺ֮Уٶȱٵʮһ⣬һǡʬħצ֮ϡ


1124 ܹʬħʥ
ʮɫʱըѿֲľ֮һ±ǡʬħצһ
ǡʬħצ֮ŵһֲʬϱ
ӡȻ֣ǡʬħצ֮һ´һɿĲʮ̺һ˿˿ļһ¸֣ɫ֮ڣӲĽһſɫơ
ǡꪡҲ·𱻼ŭһ㣬ӡֲ֣ޱȵɫ̫Բϱǡʬħצһ
һʱ֮У̤նĿ䣬ָһţһһеɺڶȻ֣ǹʬħʥֱѹȥ
ϧ㣡
ʬħʥһĨϧ֮ɫһӣѩͬƲһɺڶֱӶȥֱһΣԶȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һɫӡγɵһ·ɳѩŵϡ
棬㻹СĽˣɲŮϲ
Զ˹ʬħʥЦ֮ѩŵĸһըѿʬγһֻԸʴʥʿʬȥ
һֻʬѩʥѪŹʬħʥµطӣףľ콾һУҲܵˡ
кâһָһɺڶȻ֣ʬֱɣӡһʬͱȫ
һɫӡһûѩŵڣ֮еĸʬͳͳѹ
濴ѩűըѿĸһĨʹϧһ̾Ǹˣѩš
ѩȻһЦĲɷһ㡣
һӿ޾ɱŹʬħʥӿŷɱ⣺Եһ£ȥɵk
ã
ѩʮֹϣһӣһޱȵĹֱ֮ʮʹȥ
ʮʹǹ֮ľ֮£һ¸ֳһ˿˿ɫڵʬҲһһ
ָһһ֮ȪȻɳѩϷ̺ŲʥȪˮԴԴϵӿѩŵڣָԪ
֮ȪȻޱȣΪѩſٻظԪΪ׸ʣǡ֮Ȫıز١
ʬħʥͬһľţ˼թƻ񶾡ɲԸκk
ʬħʥֱһУǡʬħצЩԸֱ˺գһ·˵kС
棬飬͵Ϊֹ㿴ΣҪ໥ɱֻװױˡΪ˱ʾҵǸ⣬ҿԸ֮Ȫ
ʬħʥǡʬħצԼһһ׵ĿֲϢǡʬħצ֮ڵk֮ǰγһʬ֮ףһײп񱩡Թ޵أһ飬һᣬתΪߵĿֲϢ˷ϯȥ
ǹʬħʥѷӰĴڣһںǡʬħצkɢϢںˡ顿ӻҪǿﲻֹ
ҪǸ⣿ԣԹԹҿԸһȫʬŶˣ㱾һʬ壬Ҫȫʬ첻
âסһųޱȵĹâ̤ʱʱʮһɲ֮䣬ǹʬħʥ֮ǰһǹʬħʥֱնȥ
棬
ʬħʥޱἰkĳһ漥kĳʱһĨŭɫצݺһ̡
ӡǹʬħʥצ֮и֣ʮ̺֮һ˿˿ĵʬȻһӡգȥ
ǡꪡһ´ǵʬԻʮʬ֮ϣʮ֣žһе̫ԡ
һһĵʬֱӱɫ̫һһ飬
ǹޱȵĵʬһƬƬɫĶƮȥ
һɺڶΧ֣ǵʬֱɡ
¡
ǡꪡһնǹʬħʥצ֮ϣֲ׵Ӳǹʬħʥɳ
ǿֲޱȵľ֮ûǹʬħʥڣյõkʹ಻ҽУôܣҵġʬħצ޵еۼرȼԶԶر֮ϣΪʲôΪʲôһܣ
ܼ򵥣ǡʬħצǿ㱾̫ˣ磬ֻ޵еˣû޵еرǵƾһ޵رܹ޵Уôһһʱ޵еߵʬ̫ˡ
һĨɱɭһЦһ㣬ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱǹʬħʥһˢ
ǹʬħʥһųһ˿˿Ťʬ΢΢һӲĽǡʱ֮顿ʱ𿪡
üͷ΢΢һ壺Ч޵еۼر
棬ɱҵģֻҪСʬħצڣԶҲɱҡ֮裬ձصٱ֮һɱеѣΪҸʹĴۡ
ʬħʥһЦȻɫС֮ȥ
ҿ
ʬħʥһǽ֮ǰצһֱ̽Ӵǽ֮ϣʬ𵴣ͬжһ㽫ǽֱնѡ
ڽ֮Ŀռһһռһ¸֣ס˹ʬħʥ
ᣬǿʬ壬ʶһʵ
һĨɭޱȵɱǡסâҫӡ֣ؿڵĦʯһӿ޾
һޱȵĻеǡסſؽ֮Уֲޱȵ֮ǡס֮дԴԴϵĳȡС
ǡסĵڶ̬ڶ̬֮УԶôĦʯʮ֮ӵдʥĿֲ

ǡסĻеһȣ·˲һ֮ĹʬħʥǰӶꪡֱһն
ÿٶȣ
ʬħʥɫ䣬ûзӦk־ѾԶһץʮʬǡꪡֱһץ
һնѲɫâ̺ſֲޱȵĵʮʬһһն飬˳նǹʬħʥ֮ϡ
ǹʬħʥֱӱնɿҲֱӱնأֲޱȵԷǹʬħʥõkʹ಻
һֻʬħצֱһ̣ӲĹᴩǿռײµĽ磬ǹʬħʥһͬԽϣɵ档
΢΢һΣҲɳ档
ǹʬħʥ
׷ɱk
׷ʲô£

һʥʿĿǺȻɳĹʬħʥ棬ɫ΢΢һ䣬۷׷ס
ʥס֣ʬħʥ֮ʥߵһԱҲ֮бޱȵս۷ʲô飬Ƕ̸̸⡣
һͷϳһֻǣ߰ףɢʥʿ۷ĹʥʿȻɳһµǰе
ȥ
ɱһһնһâն׽ǹʥʿնأһֲޱȵɺڶǹʥʿֱɡ


1125 ŭնʬħʥ
ʥʿնɱˣײУ
ǹʬħʥô棬Ȼ⵽׷ɱ
úݣһɰѹһɵˣ

Χ۵ʥʿǶʱһһûһǰ档ڰڳļƣǲϧնɱһеǰǿߣκ˵ǰС
ЩʥʿǶһֹǰ֮УĿһĻ
ʬħʥкâһȾң˭ֻҪһҶὫһöԴʬ顿͸ҿڤΪģΥԣͽֽڤ֮ڣԶת
Դʬ顿
kȻı
Եkĳȷʵпֱ

һһֲϢȻڶһ̰һ»۵˵ء
Դʬ顿һʿʵۼǿ֮ʬʴеγɵıkȻǵۼرȴʬһ;ľǡԴʬ顿ֹǿĴڣʥĿֲ
סְɣ棡ǶͬһĴڡǻйһͬĴС۹ʬħʥʲôkս֮һĵkһɣ
һֻ̺Ű׻սĿֲս˺Ѳ񷣬ݺһֱնȥ
˴ˣ棬ס֣
һʥȻɳһȥ
ɲսħڣס֣
һͷòͷϽֻһֻ飬ɢϢĶ۹һЦһֻȻصӡһ
һŤĺɫâǶ۹˵ȥ
棬㾹Ȼ׷ɱǵĹʬһĵӣѵҪǹʬһ岻𣿡
һʬһʥʿʬʥ˫۸ޱȵĹâһʬȡһʬ乭һ䡣
һֻɭɭ޾аϢļʸ˺Ѳ񷣬棬ֱȥ
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âҫɱӿһ¸ֳһ˿˿
ǾͷǿЫһ¸֣ǴǳĿֲһ½ĴʥʿǿߵĹͳͳס
һɲ֮䣬ǾͷǿЫ屻ǵâնһ˿ڣɫâһֱߴʮĹᴩƣǶ۹֮ⸯʴһ˿ڣǹʬǿһֱӸãʬ
ʥޣ
ǴʥľͷǿЫޣޣȻ潵ˡ
Ǳ潵ľޣôܣ

ڳһǾͷǿЫޣʱ΢΢һǿǴʥޣԼĹ⣬ǴʥǿߣҲδܹľޡ
ǾͷǿЫܴشâһſһ磬ŵɫĶ˺Ѳ񷣬ʥʿǿһɨ
ʥʿǿ߷׷ʩչطܡ
һͷʥȻ֣صӡת֮塣
̺ŷ֮ķ֮˷۶һĲĴʥʿ֮ϣõkƶüޱȡ
Ƿ֮ĸ֮£һ۹˱ǾͷǿЫĺɫɨ
һɲ֮䣬Ƕ۹˵°ֱӿʼãֲޱȵĶطǶ۹˵ϰӿ
ңȾң
Ƕ۹šӡڵk֮и֣ĵֿǾͷǿЫ޵Ķء
ȻǶ۹˷ֿǾͷǿЫ޵Ŀֲ綾ȻӣʴŵkѪꡣ
ͷǿЫǴʥޣkľ綾ͬʥǿҲԶȻʥʿĶ۹ܹĴڡ
һޱȵĵâһʮֳն˺Ѳ񷣬һնǶ۹˵֮ϣǶ۹һնأһץ⽫֮ӡһײ֮ڡ
ʥʿǿʲôʱ潵ģ
ʥ棬һʱľ콾ǿ£

Χ۵ʥʿһĻһ
һȿռ֮ſ޾սȻǿռ֮зɳһƬеǰ׻ǿߡȸǿߡʬһǿֱ׷ɱȥ
ҪϾɱ
úݣ
ʥͲµǿ𣿡

ڳ˶һں
Щ⣬޲ʥǿҲһĬûһͷ
һâһޱȵһնǹʬħʥϣһ½ʬħʥ°ն룬һɺڶ֣ǹʬħʥ°ֱɡ
ʬħʥ˺ѷεغңȾң
סְɣ棡
֮Уһһֻɫë̺޾ʬĴŴʥĿֲѹգڱգֱץȥ
ʬʥkȻҲˣ
ʬһ廹ǿعʬħʥȻһʥǿ߳䵱
kȻˣһ濴ɱ˹ʬħʥˣ

ΧʥʿǿǶǳ˺ɫëĴ֣жһĨ֮ɫκһʥǿ߶Ǿ춯صڣսǿޱȣԶͨʥʿ
ǺʬʥһҲû˿档
ʬħʥЦ棬ɱҵģɱңɱңʮ֮ˣ㣡
ƾҲҵ·
˫ۺâҫһŭȣꪡ˺Ѳ񷣬һɫâһնڳëڱβĴնȥ
ɫ׹âҫ֮гɫë̺ʬĿֱֲɫâһնϣƬɫħѪյ䣬ա
ɫֻ֮зնȥһʬʥֱɡ
ʬħʥһĻĿɿڴϸԼ۾ʧеôܣ
ȥ
̤ʱʱһٱе˫һȣ·˲һǹʬħʥǰɱӿһǹʬħʥݺնȥ
ʬħצң
ʬħʥһ춯صĲҽ֮
ǡʬħצһɢصӡǹʬħʥ׵Ŀ֮Уӵk֮зɳһ˺Ѳ񷣬ûһƬռ֮Уʧ
ʬħצˣȻһȥɣ
ļһ䣬еġꪡһꪴǹʬħʥڣʮѿգ˲佫ǹʬħʥֱըѡ
һɺڶȻ֣ǹʬħʥֱǺڶ֮ڣһ㽫ǹʬħʥֱɣҳƮɢ
ˣʬħʥȻkնɱˣ
ʬʥûоȵ˵kײУ
ʥ棬̫ײˣ
Ǻʬʥֶնһֻһ

ЩΧ۵ʥʿǼһĻжһĨ𺧡ЩʥʿҲ΢΢һ


1126 ˴ʥ
ӡҫǡסâһӴޱȵֱûĦʯ֮ڡҲɴʥһµ䵽ʥʿڡ
һָһ֮ȪֱӸ֣ӴޱȵĲʥȪǡ֮Ȫûڣϵ޸塣
Ȼá֮Ȫָƣݳޡ
ʥҹȻ񣡡

Щʥʿǿá֮Ȫָƣһʮۺ죬Ľ뼵ʡ
ǡ֮ȪһͿһ溣ǿߴƿΪʿǿߡʥʿķǧʱ⣬ռһƬ֮еĸܹƳһЩӴ֮ĽףҲԼ֮ȪмƼۡ
ǡ֮Ȫ֮£ĵԼʱԿֲٶȻظĿżտһۣǼƬ֮гĿһʧ
΢΢һΣʱ֮ʱٱʮ˲һ㣬ǰ׻ǿߵָһţһֲֿޱȵɺڶȻ֣ǰ׻ǿѹȥ
ס֣棬ѵҪǰ׻²ݵѪ𣿡
һ׻ǿ־ŭͷһյġ׻ݺɺڶնȥ
ղžȻҵȥ·ұô͸ȥǰ׻һҪҽ²ݵѪôǴ𣬾ѪеĹϵˡ
һĨâָһţһɺڶȻ֣һ½ǰ׻ǿֱɡ
ǰ׻ʥʿһɺڶ֮ڣľֱӴ֮ӿɺڶֱɣһ±øɱޱȡ
ʮ֮䣬ǰ׻ʥʿֱӻҳӭƮɢ
ײУ׻ʥǿҲˡ
һսħڿ׻˲ݵˡ
һʥʿ䣬׻ԪԺʥˡ
һ塢׻һ塢ʬһ塢һ塣սħѾĴǿˡʥһˣһʱɫľ콾

ЩΧ۵ʥʿǿһһݣ˲ԸΪе˼
Ŀһһ۾һʬһʥʿǿߣɭޱȵɱ⡣
һʬһʥʿǿ߱濴һۣ΢΢һӦ΢һ˲䡣
һ֮һ²סǹʬһʥʿǿߣõkжͣһ˲䡣
ټع˲䱬ӵնʬһʥʿǿߵϣǵkֱն顣
һصҫʮعһٽΪʿĿֲڡ
һɫ֮˴ǹʬһʥʿǿ߲к֮зɳԶȥ
һָһȿռŻ֣һöֱ֮ռŻ֮С
һȿռֱ֣ǹʬһʥǿߵ֮˱С
Ŀһƣһȸʥʿǿϣӿ޾ɱ
ʥסְɡ׺Ͼһһɫʥ֮һkʲôðĵطҴkǸ
֮Уһ¸ֳһ˿˿һϼ£ɢŴʥò׵ֱӻ߳
ʴʥǿȸʴʥڿȸʥʥߡ
kȻҲˡ
ʴʥܹͬ״ʥĿֲǿߡ

ڳʥʿ֮еһʴʥһĨɵ֮ɫ
溮kҵǸóʲôƽϢҵŭ𣿡
ÿСӣʥʿĴڣȻҵ˵ʴʥһֽͬˣΣ
һ˺ɫëף̺ϢһֱֻۣͬһͷħԳĺʬʥһ̤֮Ķ棬ɭޱȵɱ
Ǻʯʥ֮ϣȼһ˿˿ɫףõk޷ָơһ˿˿ɫױǡꪡеĵܣ޷ɷ򣬺ʯʥԶҲԼ
ʴʥЦЦĿһۣ棬˿׺ҿԵûз
һЦתռ壬һ˿˿ռϸ֣ĻеŴ֮и֣һɲ֮䣬Բ֮ڣսˡ
Ϊĸ߲֮һͨó״Լй˺ĵرͬҲһֲֻޱȵĻеš
սħصĻеܾţ
ǽڿܻʳĻеܾŵĵһܾš
̫ˡ

ЩʥʿǿһĻеŶʱͷƤ΢΢顣ЩʥʿǿȫһͿԻ𼸰Щ溣Ļеܡ溣ĻеܣʥʿԳȡԴԴϵĻָҲҪɱʮܹɱøɾ
ָһǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱһԵĿ׺һˢ
׺һ¾ֹһ˲ʮûǰһݺݵնǿ׺ϣ׺ֱնأƬѪҺ䳤ա
ס֣
ʴʥɫ䣬ָһţһʹâγɵĴִǿ׺ݺץȥ
ȥ
ǺʬʥҲһЦǰ̤һֳһ޴ޱʹôʥǿߺƶɵ̺޾ʬȥ
ǾͷǿЫſһ磬ŵɫĶǺʬʥһˢ
ɶ񣡣
ʬʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һʩչطһߡ
عҫսع׵Ĺ֮£ڹâһγһĿֲʴʥֱӺȥ
һڹһʴʥʴ֮ϣһʴֺñ
һ˿׺ǰһģӡһº׺ϣشĿ׺ֱӷӡץУʴʥһЦóʲôƽϢҵŭ𣿡
ʴʥսһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ֮Ȫ
ɨǺʬʥһۣһЦѹһʬʥҾͰѵk㡣
ʴʥĿһɨźʬʥһӿһ˿˿ֲޱȵɱ⡣
ʬʥʱ󾪣΢΢һΣ˺Ѳ񷣬ʧkȻһʥǿߣһΧҲΣա
ʴʥkѾˡҸ֮Ȫ㣬ȥΣ
濴ʴʥ˺ʬʥҲ׵k͹ʬһԹ֮Ȫ㲻ӦҾ͸ɵ
ã
ʴʥʮֹϣָһޱȵġ֮Ȫƽƽȥ
һץǡ֮ȪͳͳץߣֽǱնصĿ׺ֱӶʴʥ
ʴʥһĨʹâҫ׺ϵķӡһ±ֱӽ⿪
һʹâ΢΢һ׺һһ𣬿棬һĨɵη֮ɫ
һ֮ŲһɨǱ鲼սԼʮǿ߶ֱӾڵС֮ڡ


1127 ʥʿ
滯һâֱûѩڵƬ򣬿ѩѾɹȡһö֮Կֱ֮˺ѽڣǰʯڵ
ʯ񡢰ħʥʥûɱɹȡ֮Կ
ʥ֮߳˺ѽڣٴһС֮С
ʥ
ǸС֮Уһͷֻ۾Źӡʥǿһ棬ʱɫ䣬΢΢һΣֱԶȥ
ںʬʥǰʬħʥն嶼ɵޱȣ׷ͨطߵ鱨֮ڵĸǿߡ
һֻħ۵ʥǿ߿ɲǰε
һ̤֮·ô˶ǱڵĵˡһͨʥʿǻûԵҲδزܹΪʿʵۼǿߡ
콾ϲ֮·У켺ʥʿǿߡϾÿһʥʿһ޴ıءֻҪɵһʥʿǿߣܹþ޴ޱȵĲƸ
ֱһ㴩ԽǧС룬һץ֮УӲĴ֮ڳһö֮Կ
һö֮Կһ֣㻯һɫû֮Կڡ
õһö֮ԿٴһԭʧǰһƬ
֮УЩǿһ֣׷˱ᣬ档
޼ɵĽһöö֮ԿߣԼ֮Կڡ
һƬ֮Ŀ΢΢һȥ
һ׵ϢԶڶһɿֲޱȵɱε棬׻ֳ˰׻ǵۼر׻Ͽգɢһ˿˿
ɱһ׻ӣҪսһ𣿡
׻棬ɱҰ׻һʥߣѵһ𣿡
ȥkԲΣ
һУꪡһûУһ˿˿ֲޱȵĵǡꪡѹķһɰԵ׵Ϣ֮
ܺãΪ鸶۵ģ
׻һĨâͷġ׻һѿգնڡk΢΢һΣֱ˺ѽڣԭʧ
һץС֮е֮ԿץС
һɲ֮䣬ǸС翪ʼֱӱһɫĹâӿ֮ϣӲĽһƬ֮С
һɿ˺ʥʿǿߵĿֲռ籩֮ϣͼ˺顣
һö֮ԿȻɳɢޱȵĹԻߣػ
ɫâֵһɫĹâЩʥʿһûһֲޱȵĺڶֱʧ
һڶһ̮ʧ
Ƭǿһ±ÿտյʲôûʣ¡
ȫȥˣһҲ֪мܹŻ
֮·Ҳǿ֮·ֻǿ߲ܹлŻ·Ҳ̫пᣬųϵ˶·֮ϡڼЩҲ֪ʲô顣
һε֮·ֻ»ȹȥҪհٱ

֮·Χһʥʿǿ߿ʧĺڶһĨ֮ɫ
֮·̫գʥʿǿ߶ֹ֮·ǰ̤УֻܹЩӵһη֮ĵǿǽ롣
һɫĹâҫֱӳһ֮С
һʮ֮Ȫ֮ǰ֮Կͬ÷Ľ
Χһɨʱ۾һһĨϲ֮ɫǰԶ֮һ֮Ȫɢʥ
ΧϸȥֻڲԶ֮һͷȻ˴Ӵ˵뿪Ĵͷ
⹬ΧſǿޱȵĽ磬ɢһ˿˿㲻ǴʥǿҲ˺硣
һʮ֮ȪԱߣһɫˮأɫˮ֮гˮһħԪ϶ɵҺ塣
һʥأÿʥʿ֮
һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһûˮ֮С
ӡڶ˻һֲޱȵĺڶһ
һ֮ȪȻ֣̺ŲʵĲ֮Ȫһû֮ڣġ֮һɱ䣬
ҪͰʥʿڣҪǧꡣ˴ʥʿǿߵԴ֮ĻѾ㹻ܹɱ䣬ôġ֮Ȫס
Դͬˮһӿڣkġʱ塿ϵŸ־ɱ䣬
ÿһꡢѪⶼڽɱ䡣
ǡסҲȻɳϷͬӵһ㣬ӡ֣ǡ֮Ȫһޱȵǡס֮дûڣǿ
ǡסü֮˻һطԼʯĿƼƶɵıһͬҲıر
ÿһνҪ롾סһͬɱҪԴҲ쳣Զͨľ콾
ʱţһʱת˲š
ѾɺԵĳˮ֮Уһ˫ۣһʥʿڵĿֲ֮л
޾΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڽʥʿˣ֮·ǿߵĻԵڡ
һʮ֮ȪѾһգ֮⣬֮ȪĴ
ûһʮ֮Ȫİ޷ʥʿڡ
ڿԿ֮ǰһսսƷˡ
һʼǲ֮·֮õսƷ
濴Ƕ֯Ĵ̿ңüͷ΢΢һһȺ
Ƕ֯ʮʥʿ̿͵ĲƸҲֻ֮ȪԼǧԴ߼ʥرЩ̿ͶףǵkǵԴ춨Ըһʥʿڡ
ʬħʥǹʬһľ콾ǸС
ĿŹʬħʥĴﱦһɨʱһ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǹʬħʥǡ֮Ȫжʮʥر֮֮࣬⻹ʬҪĸĵر
ǹʬħʥ֮ĶĲǶʮ֮ȪһšԴʬ顿
濴һöԴʬ顿֮ɫһöԴʬ顿̺ʬܹ֮ѰҵһʥǿߵʬͿ⡾Դʬ顿ΪϣƳһʥľǿߡܹŪһʿʵۼǿߵʬԼϣƳһۼʬǿߡ
ǰۼǿʲôʱʮϡٵĿֲڣ˴ʿʵ۵ҲֻһǸǿΪ֮ЧܹƳһۼʬǿߣĿǰԿѹ¡


1128 
ڴϽ齵ٴ˽磬ӻѪһԸԼһУΰ顣
һڣһɫʿۣ磬ѩ񣬷·ɢ󱦹⣬ӵǾյ˾һ̳֮ϣͷѪĶͷ֮ӿû˼̳֮С
Ǽ̳룬ӵһһ˹صϢȴûף鲼ͭ⣬ĮȻûκγ֮
㣬Ҫˡһ幩һѾꡣһߴ˵֮пԹͨϽ飬ӻѪĵûκηӦѾ˵k꣬k궼ûκηӦûзӦãΪʲôҪk
һһͷɫԼʮ꣬ϴһ˿˿ϢɰޱȵŮǵһۣ޺޵
̧ͷĨȥͷ֮ϵѪһ̾⣬ɶ񡣡
һĹĵĵǵһԲ
ȻҲ֪ҲûãǣkѾϣˡ㿴
Цһ£ĬģһָһɫĹâγһĻͶӰ
ֻǹĻͶӰ֮Уһߴףֱľ޴ɽɽɽһΰޱȵ޳ǡ
ɽɽ֮£ʿһףͷϳһֻɫǣ峤ûʲôĹɱ
ףͷϳһֻɫǵĹÿһӵ»ʿϵĿֲսǿ߼ǽڽڰˡ
ɽĹ֮Уޱȵ⣬ЩɫǵĹkѾɽۡ
ǳŹûʲôĹ֮⣬ǿ߾վԶһɽŰΧ
֮һһ˿ԹһҲΧ𣿡
һ̾ûսǿȣԪɽ֮ϵħֲ֧˰ꡣûʲô֮Ԫɽͻᱻǿ幥ơ
ʱһһ뵽ڹż֮еĿЩбƵ³оͲ
ЦϽ飬Ѿϣ
һ³Ĭܵľ
Ȼüͷ΢΢һ壬һԿȥһ˭
꣬ң
һɫʿۣòӢƲϴº͵Ц̤˹֮ڡ
ü΢΢һﻺγʲô
ǽγԪɽ̫ϳ֮һɽӡ
γӵգ꣬һĨ֮ɫǰ꣬ϲ㣬ҵŮˣһúð㡣
֮һĨ֮ɫһ̾γѾ˵һҪ׸Ͻ顣⣬޷ܡ
Ȼˣ
γһĨʧ֮ɫһ֣һɢһ˿˿ʥīĹǺȨȴзɳһǣһ´ǹ֮Уһӡڵ֮ϡ
һӡڵһ¹âҫγһ֡
һǺȨһǷ֮ϣǷֱӹᴩӡڵ㡣
һɲ֮䣬Ԫɽɽͷŵһʧ
ô£
ʲô

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ǿʱͬˮһ㣬Ԫɽ֮ϵ巢
ΪߣҲǷɵľ޴شֱһѪ˫ۼѪγҧΪʲôγΪʲôҪô
ܼ򵥣ΪŵֻҪΪҴԪɽĽ硣ôҾΪ֮ࡣǽ֮ٽǽô͸
һЦһͷϳǣɢһаʵĲԹǿ߱˫֣һ
ʥŮãõߣҲԪɽмֵսƷԹɲܹ̣Ҳú档ҿʮˡ
һ֮УһףƵĹǿһ
һò׵ħǿߡһ޴ޱȵʯˡһһٵħǿҲһ˳
һϷʵĿⶼõϣ̰ͱŰ
ԹЦû⣬߰ˡҲǸ߼һߣǿһá
һȡֻذףɱ
ô򵥣ǰҪֻܹҪֻܹȥ
ħǿһ¿һۣ˫һ¸ֳصӡ·ܹ˵һ㡣
ⱻħǿһʱһ޷
СĹҡ
ʮ׵ʯɨһۣһĨϷʵЦݣҡһ䣬һ±Ϊһ׵ľˡ
⿴׵ľˣ֮һĨ֮ɫ
Ūˡ
ԹһЦ󲽵ȥ
ĬĬţΰ飬㣬ȾңȾ壡Ըһ̷һз׸
ԹһЦûõģ꣬ûϣˡ壬עҪΪǲԹһū˳䵱ǵĿŮ˳ΪǲԹһߡˣΥ
ⱻʯһץУ֮ҲһĨֺ;޽еΰ飬㣬ȾңȾ壡Ըһ̷һз׸
ʯһЦȤаɣްɣŸ˼
һ˲䣬һһųޱȵӡһŤֳס
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһһըѣ·顣
һ³Ǽ̳룬˫۽գĬĬĸطı仯
һĿⶼϡ
֮һĨϲ֮ɫϽ飡
װŪĶʲôƨϽ飡Ǹһˡȥ
γâһǻ֮еıϢ˲䱬ֳһޱȵĴ󽣣һ±溣۷ĿֲϢһݺݵնȥ
ϣȻðңȥ
һ˫ۣĿ䣬˫֮иֳصӡһâ˫֮γ֮ϡ
ǿֲĹâ֮£γݾ֣һı飬ҽʧ
ǿ
Թʿǿ߼һĻɫ䣬г𺧡
ԹҲɻɱγǽֻһ۹ɱһ溣ܣȫ˵kԤϡ
һİĹâ΢΢һħǿֱӴ汳Ӱֳ֮ذףݺݵȥ
һٴ֮д̳ޱȵȥ
Թҫһȡһɢһ˿˿ʥɫǹȻȥ


1129 ѹ˷
ɫеСģ
ԹħӰ֮Уǿߣưһİ齵Ҳδܹסkһ
һڶȻ汳֣һھͽħӰֱУڹһһƬҽǺڶֱ֮Ʈ
һƾն֣һǹ֮ϣһǹӿ
һɲ֮䣬ǹ㷢һޱȵĲҽУȼڻ档
һʥرϧõʵ̫
һֻɢŲʥɫǹ΢࿴һָۣһһָһֻɢŲʥɫǹ֮ϡ
һֻɱһʥʿɫǹ˲һıѣҳƮ
ǲԹҲֱһѪײǹǽ֮ϣͷѡ
٣㿴ˡǿĴ󲹼ҩϡû뵽Ȼҵһꡣ
ȼŵĹһۣ۾΢΢һһץӡҫԽգǹһץС
ԭߴʮ׵Ĺ屻ޱȵӡ֣һ±һƴСħƵ٣ϵĲš
ȡһӣͽǹӡ˽ȥ
ڳʯǿ߼һĻһƬһֲ׵Ĵڡ
뿪Ҿλˣļ˾Ҳ뿴ǰɣ
ʯһץסĲӡڣĶв
ⱻʯùͷһѣȴҧסݣûзһ޽С
ϣҲвңǲ֪
ɨʯһۣһЦһʱһ¾ʯϣʱʯΧʱֱۡ
һУʯͬһУһĨ㽫ʯڵӡֱӷ顣
УȣȻ㣡
ʱһʧʯŻָ˹š
أ
ֻһ̣ʯžޱȵķ֣ԭӦڵkе⾹ȻѾվߡ
ĺĲҲһϺõĲϡ
΢΢һЦʯץȥ
ʯޱȵķ֣k˼άȻ˼룬ȴȫֹֻܹĿִ˵k֮ڣkֱ˳ץС

ʯ潫kĺķһ֮ڣһҽУ˫һʧȥڵϡ
ɨǹһۣЦЦ㲻һ£ܹܲҵ𣿡
ǹЦһ£һˣ֪˽ٴ˵أкιɣֻҪʲôԸҹһԻΪ׵ǹһ޷쵽ǹһĹҲԻ쵽
ЦңǹһҲӵʥʿӻ𣿡
ҡֻǣʲôԸҺ͹һΪ쵽
ʶʱ񣬲ʱ˵һȻΪҽɻһã
浭һЦһɺڶȻڹ֣ǹֱȥ
ˣס֣ҡ
ǹɫ䣬һӡʱ֣һֻɢŲʥħƤȻɳʮɢŰʥֲϢľһ·ɳ
ɺڶֲ֮һһ֮ͽǹħƤ֮ڣ΢΢һΣһҽƮ
꿴棬֮𺳺ͼ֮ɫϽ飬ʱ䣬ָɱߣ̫ǿˣ
һ˲䣬ǲԹһһ˿˿ʥһɫĹâԶֱӷȥ
ڰʥ֮˲֮ľţһһǲ֮ɡ֮·֮ɳȻײǾ㵹ùȥɣ
ɨǲԹһۣһЦתռ壬һȿռŻȻڲԹǰֱӴ򿪣ǲԹֱȥ
ǲԹȻһţһʥʿľѹ֮£ȻɼһȿռŻ֮зȥ
棬ң
ǲԹһֱһ췢һĺС
һ飬һȺڰŻ򿪣һȺڰ֮һ˿˿ʥ
һޱߵĿֲȺڰ֮дס֣kгϢáһӣһ·
ʲôҲҸӣ
һĨâһЦһȿռֱһǲԹֱɡ
ǰһȿռֱӴ򿪣һ֮ɫĲԹȻǰ
һɺڶȻ֣ǲԹֱУ΢΢һΣ㽫ǲԹֱɣһҽƮɢ
Ⱥڰ֮Уһ´һŭĺ֮ôĵӣȻɱãҲԹһ壬ԸƲ
Թһ壿ЩϣҾͰѲԹһˣ鷳
ɨ·һָۣһţһֲޱȵĺڶȻ֣գǿֲޱȵ֮ɺڶ֮б·ǿ֮ϡ
Χǿһͬһ㣬׷ױɺڶ֮ڣҳƮɢ
ʲô
Ͻ飬Ͻ飡
kڻӦǵˣ
ΰϽ飬ˣ
Ͻ飬û塣

ЩǿǱѾڿǿǿͬһ㱻ɺڶ֮Уʱ棬˷ܵĴ޴
ס֣
ǿ֮Уһ޴ʯɽһѣ仯Ϊһߴʮ׵Ŀֲʯˣɢӡһ˿˿ʥֱһȭȥ
һҳ׵ɫ̄Ҳֱѣħ˺Ѳ񷣬ȥ
һֻߴףɢŲʥħҲֱӷɳſѪڣһҧȥ
һֻӡľ޴֮ҲȻɳӡգȥ
һֻǧףӡɫԹ֮ҲȻɢŲʥȥ
ǿ֮жӵиǿĴرӵвʥʿǿߵĿֲܡ
һȺϣ
һĨ֮ɫһȭ̺壬ݻγһǳӲ֮׹䣬һ¡
һߴʮ׵Ŀֲʯ˱ǳһײһ飬·ɽ
һǳȻһ䣬һ±仯Ϊһһеɺڶɢſֲ׵֮һͽɫ̄ʥħס޴֮ȡɫԹ֮ͳͳɡ
һ֮ɺڶ֮и֣Ĵ

Ͻ顣
ôôµĹ

ǿǿһĿɿڴ֮еһɺڶ׹ߣ


1130 նʥ
쳷
ǿĸ߲ɫ䣬ĺе
һâҫǿսʿǳԼһرʱ򣬷׷׻һطȥ
ȻˣôǾͳͳɣ
һЦתռ壬һ˿˿ռҫսͬˮһ㸡֣һƬһеĻеڱգǿսʿǹȥ
ЩռǲϽſռԾһ³սԵſһǿޱȵĿռ磬ӡռ䡣
Ƿӡ磬kҪնɱ
úݶһ飬ǺݶҪնɱ
һͷƴˣ

ǿǿһͷײǷӡ֮ϣһɻһĨһޱȵƣתĻеŷȥ
׻һ֮⣬ǿ֮д֮֮еǿ߶ֱն룬ƬѪƮkϸֵӡա
ײ׹⣬һǳʯ֮ĸǿϣ׹֮һǿ߱ɷɻҡ
Щӡͷһӡ֮ǹٵǿϣǹǿ߷ӡһֻֻٱ塣
ǹǿһֲֳɣһʿħҩġʿ֮У⵽ʿĹԣѾϡޱȡȻŹϺõĲϡ
һҿֲޱȵǼսգĹͬһ㣬׼ޱȵĺǿ֮ϡ
Ǽսһڻͷǿǿ߻ɻңǹȴͬ޾һ㣬䣬ͬһɱǿǿߡ
ɱúã
Щͳͳɱˣ
ǧͬѪڱˣ

Ԫɽ֮ϣЩǿһ¶˷ޱȵˮ˻ܡ
Ͻ飬Ȼǿò˼飡
һһɫսף˺ۣĸߴòӢ׵֮е棬һĨ֮ɫ
ԪɽĴԪ˧ҲĹԪɽάֵڣӮ˾޴ޱȵһ֣׵ѹǿ壬ҪǿһֻԶȫߣһӮԪɽġʧ䡣
ס֣
֮Уһ춯صľ֮һֻצ˺գǱӡĿռֱץȥ
ҵǰҲÿԽռķʽй޴
һĨ֮ɫһָɰ屬һɺڶһצ֮ϣצһɡ
ǿֲޱȵ֮ɷ׷ݱԴצ˵
һƬ֮Уʥʿǿߣڵkм䣬һ͸ˮˮ֮зӡһĿǿߡ

һħʥʿʱɫ䣬צһӣӲĽԼצֱնϡֻǾһ˲䣬kϢѾһɣή
Ǳӡһˮ֮УĿǿֻһЦħĹצôˣ
ħĿǿһۣɫǿߵһʥʿ٣ɱ
ǲԹһʥǿüͷ΢΢һʥʿЩʥʿǶѾǷӡɱôͻȻ֮ðһ𣿡
һʯʥǿһĨ⣬ӦǴǱǸ֮йǿߣ
ʥǿҲһĨɭޱȵɱϱǸļһÿһǿףһЩȵǿߡҪkΧɱܹõkдϢĻᡣ
ʥǿߵǿԼװͽ⣬Ȼ¡ʥסԹʥŮȥֻҪһˣ;޷ֵŮ
Ǳӡˮ֮еǿǸ֣΢΢鴤
ԹʥŮһ֮еһŮӵǵһӡˮ֮еǿ߾ǱȻȻ¶ѹӡ
ǿʵˣӵһʥرھͲֹǱӡǱһʬˡ
ԹʥһᣬһĨ֮ɫã
ڱңʹûУ
һЦ֮Уһɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬һնǹʥǿϣһꪽǹʥʿǿֱնء
һɺڶȻ֣һڱ㽫ʥʿɡ
һŤǴšסֳ֡ꪡ֮һ߳һϷʵĿʥǿߡ
Թʥɫ԰׵ôҵģ
濴ħһۣһЦȻҪлkˡǵkҲҵ
ħǲ֣ƬǿֵգǿҲѷ֡ɵkһ֣ɷƬձǿޱȵĽ֣Ҳ޷ĸ֪
ֻһˣһϣ֣ԿԽѹڴ˵أ
ʯǿһĨâһ¸ֳصӡ仯Ϊһͷ׵ľʯǣɢſֲޱȵʥ̽צݺץȥ
ħ˫۳죬һŭХһ¸ֳʬɽѪһӰֳһôʥƶɵľްݺȥ
ʥһ±仯Ϊһ𳤴ʮ׵ħڣӡ֣һִޱȵħ̺壬һУȥ
Թʥâһɢһ˿ֲޱȵĲʥ֮ӡ֣һ±仯Ϊһͷ׵ɫ޹˫צޱȵצӣ˺Ѳ񷣬ץȥ
̶ֳȣǣ̫ˣ
һЦָһţһɺڶȻ֣أĴʥʿһ
ʥʿ֮սٴα̺ɰɺڶһѹ£һڱ㽫ʥʿڵǿͳͳС
ǿֲޱȵ֮֮£Ĵʥ߻ԼԴԴԴϵĳȡš
ʥĹ٣ѵһľ䣬˳ʥʿƿĶħҩ
΢΢һɺڶ֮һ³˹ʥߣһ㣬һָǹʥüģӡֱӴǹʥü֮ڣkֱѹӡȻַӡһ֮ڡ
ʥɺڶ֮нʮʱ䣬еԴͱȡһգһѻҳƮɢ
ǿ
Ǳӡˮ֮еǿ߼һĻг𺧡
ǿʥȻʥʿڵĴڣɶʥʿ۷Ŀֲڡ֣ʥʿڵǿҲһսǿ߾ɱֱš
ɨǿһ۵ʲôˣ
Ǳӡˮ֮еǿ߻ҽкףػߡãʲôˣ


1131 ѹ
ԳƺΪʥʲôط
һĨ֮ɫıԵɲǡʥǴ֮·һͷǿ𣿡
ûҾǴˡ
һĨڴһͬΪķϣ׳Ϊʥ֮󣬰Ұӡ⿪ҿó֮ȪΪл
Ƶӡ磬αҪҽʥ
΢΢һЦָһţһɺڶһǷӡˮ֮ϣӡҫֲޱȵ֮Ƿӡˮ档
һӡˮʱܼٶѸٵıʧֱɡ
ӡˣǽ˴ʥرķӡ磬Ȼͱƽˡʥ̫ǿˡ׼һĻʱĿɿڴ𺧡
ûκԥֱӽϵһöָݸ棺лʥȣǡ֮Ȫ¡
ǡָ֮΢΢һɨ㿴֮ȪһʥرԼһЩӰ˵Ķ
ȻѾԼһֱʹõҪָ׸棬˿ûص˼һ֮⣬ûʲôֵĲƸ
Щô
΢΢һ̾Ҵ뿪ǰǾͽˡѾػǳһ꣬ҽѵʱˡ
ָһţһöӡ֮ȡˮ㸡֮У֮ݸ棺һöˮҲӵҪ鱨
潫ˮһϢֱûʶ֮ڣƬ֮·һµ˽⡣
֮·һƬ޴ޱȣޱ޼ʣ·һһ硣
֮·봫˵֮ӵһ桾֮ڡһ桾֮ڡУʿǵĵ·Ͱ
ʿ֮УЩܵ谮ĳЩֻһӵʿʵۼ֮⡣ʿʵۼǿǶǡ֮ڡۿǵĵ·İ
֮·ɣǰɲλ̫ԨΧһƫƧޱȵ
֮·Уӵǿ壬ΪǿľЩһЩ塣
Щǿ֮Ϊ塣˵֮УЩ嶼ӵаۼǿߴڣܼЩۼǿܹΪʿʵۼĿֲڡ
֮·֮״
˴ʿʵ۶֮·ѹǿߣѹһƵЩǿ߷ĲΪ塣
Щǿǲ֮·ߣİ˴ʿʵ뿪֮Щİʾ֮£岻ϵĴѹɱ¾塣
֮·֮мǴ粽Уǵˡ
һĨ֮ɫҪִ֮ڡǱûô򵥣֮ǰһȽɲ֮еǿѹɲԼ˵
ɲȻֻ֮·ΧһǳȴʮϵʥʿǿߣԴḻޱȣȻҪԼС
ǳʥ֮ǽʿʵۡߣҪԴֻ֧֡ץסÿһλҽ֮õˣܹѹһѹеˣǶ۷壬Ⱥۡ
ֱһһģԭʧ
ܲɽ
һƬɽ֮У洦ɼһſŲÿһŴߴǧϣ׾
Щ϶һִĺɫ٣Ǿǹǿߵı塣
һߴʮף·֮ľϣһƽɫĹ٣ɢһ˿˿ʥ
ʮҵϵжˣ˭ȻҶǹһ˳֡һҪk˺Ƭɷϡ
Ȼ֮䣬ǻƽɫĹ֮дһޱȵŭ֮һ˿˿ֲޱȵʥǻƽ֮
һʥĹ٣̫ˣ֮·Ȼӵ˶䡣
һӿһ˿˿֮һƽɫĹ٣һĨ˷֮ɫ̾
壡
Ȼиˣ
ɱ
ǵķϣ

·ǹ֮Уһ´⣬һֲޱȵһֱ
࣬㾹ȻҶһǰ˵أ޴Ҿʹһ
ǲ֮ϵĻƽһ´һޱȵȻһֲޱȵֱ˺գ̺ŷ壬ȥ
ȤһƽҲ뷴ңǲ֪
浭һЦָһţһץ㽫ǻƽٵץУӡ֣һûǻƽڣӲĽʥƽֱѹ
ǻƽһɳʮ׵ľ̄С˰ƴСһС
棡
澹Ȼˣ
ô

·Ĺһ´һ󾪿ޱȵһâҫһ˷ȥ
һץһֻƾն֣һץʿĹϣkֱץסķӡȻһ̤գԭʧ
һֻǧ֮ޣֲޱȵĻеŴǹһɱһ
ʯܲһ鲼ʯɽ֮ڣһʯľ޴к͸ֳѨ顣
ʯǡʯˡʯʨʯߵȸʯͷ֮еɵĳߡ
֮Уһҫֱ̤ƬɽϷ
ʯǿߣǶĿ
΢΢һЦ΢΢һȻɳͬˮһӿʯ֮С
֮һʯǿֱ߱ն룬ıֱڳȫ
ס֣
Ƭɽ֮Уһŭޱȵĺ֮һߴʮ׵ľɽһɢŲʥʯ˰𣬺ݺݵһ
飡
һĨâȭһһݻγһſֲޱȵǳײһ׾ɽ֮ϡ
¡
һ׾ɽʱ飬·ɽ
ʥʿɱʯĴɱʯʥߣȻ㣬ôǾûʲô˵ˣеˣǵָңɱһУ
һǧףɢŲʥʯĶ棬޾â
µӡʯ˵֮һ֮Ϣŵk尴ޱȵĹûʯǿڡ
ǵңɱɱһУ
һһ֮ʯǿߵĶлơ
ʯʥߣҽ׸ѹУ

ʯǿǶ׷ĬһģһɹǿޱȵӵkǵӿûǾʯʥߵڡ


1132 һ·ɨ
һʯʥֻ߱ӵʥʿڵʵʯǿߵ֮£ȡһ֮һʥ֮
Ǽһ֮طǲ֪طܹǿʲôز
۾΢΢һһȭת壬ݻγһǳǾʯʥֱӺȥ
ȥɣ
һʯʥ˫֮ŷ֮ɫǰһһȭͬתγһѹصĿֲɽǳײһ
¡
һײ춯صıը֮˷ɢȥռΪ֮ŤԲǧɽ𶯣ؿѣЩ»ʿµĴͳͳ
Ҳǿֲһ֮±ֻڿѣһεεѪ
濴Ѫ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȻǴʥ
ʱһʥǿôĿֲǿ󣬼޵СҲӵ֮
һʯʥ˫ۺâҫӶ˫ȭת壬һȭһȭȥͬһɽײȥ
㹻ǿˣϧط̫ˣ
һĨâһһʱ֮Уһײɽ֮һɺڶȻ֣յֱɡ
˲һ㣬һǾʯʥߵǰָһţһɺڶȻ֣ǾʯʥһС
һɿֲ׵֮˲䱬ȡžʯʥߵ
ҿ
ʯʥ˫۳죬һŭХ˫һ˺ӲĽɺڶֱ˺ƣֱ˳
ʥǿ߹ȻѶԸһαʥǿҲԶͨʥʿҪ֡
浭ȻһЦһ»һɺڶ·ʯǿһ
·ʯǿǷ׷ͬһ㱻ɺڶ֮УԴֱӳȡҽƮɢ
һʯʥ˫۳죬ֵľͺԾɱҵʲôӢۣ
侲ķţȻˣԴˣԽ࣬ͻή͵ԽࡣֻҪһĳ̶ȣʵͻή䵽ʥ¡
Ǿʯʥ߷ŭӡҫٴαſһ磬öʯȻɳգѹʱ䡢ռ䡣
ΧʱҲöʯţ״̬
ʱ¾ף޷ȥҪһʱ䣬ȴû⡣ûʱ壬ƾʲôҶ࣬㾹Ȼҹһǰ˵أעҪѹ
Ǿʯʥâ¶һȭѹգݻγһɽɽ֮ϣʯǿߵӰ̺ʯһȥ
ȻһսҾͳȫ㣡
¶һЦݣֳ֡ꪡֱһӣһɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬նһɽ֮ϣһ̺ʯһԼĿֲɽֱն룬˳ƽǾʯʥһΪնء
Ǿʯʥ߱һΪ֮嶼ǿֲޱȵ׷գ޷ϣ걾ԴҲһ֮±ֱش
ۼر㾹Ȼӵеۼر
Ǿʯʥ߱һն֮¶һޱȵ飬һ˺ѷεĺ֮նصһ»룬ԼԶȥ
ӣ
һЦһ˲ƱǾʯʥߵߣָһţһɺڶȻֽǾʯʥֱС
ֲޱȵ֮˲䱬ǾʯʥߵѪꡣԴǾʯʥߵ֮ţձ仯ΪһɢɫαһΪĿʯ
һöɢɫεʯͷһĨ˷֮ɫɫǺʯ߼ҪҪʯ֮һȻطܹ治֮·
߼Ҫĸϡʯһ֮ʮϡѵһıҼûƷ
֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ǧսͬһ㸡֣ʯڵķϯȥ
ֱһ뿪˵ء
ħܲ
ʯʥҲѹˣײУǸʵ̫ײˡ
һޱȵħ֮ܲһħɽֱӰεض˺Ѳ񷣬ǿȥ
ͬһʱ䣬һɫǳһߴһ׵ľ޴ɽҲĵطȥ
Ӧÿ죬ùϣ
վһƬ֮Уһħɽɫǳߴ׵ľ޴ɽ̾
ǿϵķ˴󲿷ͨˣֻǽеľӢߣβǿֱŲͬķȥǿ棬Ҳֻܹѡһĵء
ħ֮һħˣ
һץһִֻ˺Ѳһħɽݺȥ
һɿֲޱȵĲʥħɽ֮ڶһֻɢŲʥħצҲֱӴֺ̳ȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УһħɽֱӱһֱֻӺô׹䵽˴֮ϡ
ûʥǿػҲԣʥʿǿ߱Ͼô׵Ĵڡ
濴һħɽԼһ£ʱ¶һ˿֮ɫǿԽһԶǿͨʥʿҲܽһʥʿֱӻ䡣
һ˿˿ռ֣Ŀռ˺ѿռ䣬ǧսγһɿֲޱȵĻеһƬħɽֱӿȥħɽ֮еħǿ߷ɱһ
һһ壬ͲԹɣһ壬Ӧûһʥǿػ
΢΢һΣ̤֮С
һƬ֮Уһֻڱյִ֮ǲԹ徫Ӣڵɫǳݺȥ
һֻɫľִǲԹֱһһֻ֮ϡ
¡
ɾǿʥ֮£һɫǳֱ΢΢һֹͣķС
Ǵšסֳ֡ꪡ̤֮ͬһ޵е񣬰Ȼĸһɫǳ
λˣס֡ǲԹػߣԹɣм仰Ҫ˵
һâҫһĿ࣬ɢŲʥĲԹǿߴɫǳɳվɫǳΧ֮ɢǿʥ֮
ɭһЦϵ㣬˵ǲԹһҪҲݵǸϹˣǲԹһ壬ˡ
ԹɶʱһĿɬkôҲû뵽ٴ˵صľײеһɱһپȫΧ徫ӢȻնɱǿʥߣȻͣĽ塢ʯһȫûиǿʱ䡣
Թɽ̬ŵͣλˣ֮ǰһУҵĴðϣôܹŹǲԹһ壿ҿԸʮ֮ȪǲԹһһ·
Ǿʯʥ߶һ֮Ȼ׵նɱԹɾΪУԹˣҲԲ˵棬ֻܹŵ̬һ·


1133 ̫Ԩ
һЦ½ƣҵū͡ǲԹһ壬Ϊҵū塣Ҿ͸һ·򣬽ҾͳͳɱһӦ˲ԹǾ䲻ݵԡ
ҪǲԹһΪū壬ˣ
Ǹƴˣ
ǲԹһԿԻ

ǿŲԹһסǳ֮Уһ´һŭޱȵŭ֮
Թɻһ̾û𣿡
ֳ֡ꪡָŲԹɣɱӿɭޱȵûУҪʱ䣬Ǿȥ
ÿһʥʿǿߣܹôޱȵԴ۲ԹѡԿ
Թɫ䣬ǡꪡ˼ɵ֮ɫҧҲԹɿԵū͡ҲԹһҲԳΪū塣̷ʱΪǧ꣡ӦǲԹһһ߾ȫΪЧ
Ǿʯʥ߼һȻһնأʯ嶼ѹԹҲ
浭ãҴӦ㡣ҿŵֻҪ㹻ĹѫôͿǰūΪ񡣡
ʶ㣬ʮǷ˲ԹһõkΪū壬ޣͬʱҲǲԹһĻͣô󡣶˵Ҫĵִ۷壬ҪÿһֶǺ¡
ԹɿЦһ£һֻһ֮ɢȥһɴʥ֮䵽ʥʿڣлϣϣҵýơ
ָһţǡס֮һ¸ֳӡŲԹֱӴȥ
ԹɾĿӡkڣʮֹޱȵĲ˵k֮ϣӴ˵kһ֮䡣
Թһǡסʱ΢΢һңڶۼرľ콾ֲ˴κѹ£ѹЩ岻òͷЩľ콾ǿ졣
Թɣ㾹ȻԸʶΪū͡ҪԹһǸ˳䵱ū͡ǲԹһĴˣӽͲǲԹһػ񡣡
ǲԹһסɫǳ֮Уһ´һŭޱȵһԹһ溣ǿָŲԹֱӺ
Թһ溣ǿߣԹһľţ׷ŲԹɽš
ҹȥ̫ˣϣЦˣ
ԹľȻɨǲԹһһۣһĨɫָһţһֲֻľǲԹһľһץһץסֱһͳͳ󱬡
ǲԹһǿǼһĻһĵɥĬһԵʥʿĿֲ֮
ʥ֮½ϣʥʿǰЩ˲֮İʥǿߣϣɱ
ԹɹһϣͻȥٲԹ壬Բʧ
ţ
Ӧһֱ˺գԭʧ
ԹɿʧıӰһ֮̾·Ҫһµ籩ˡֻϣܹԽԽԶյǶ۷塣
ԹһѾѡͶ棬ڵkһȫΪһ壬ǽˣԹһ嶼⵽֮·ǿ㡣ֻǶۣ޵УѹķǲԹһܹ޾ĻԻҫ
ӽŰɲǾʥأûҵɣԽ
ǰɲǵĴ֮һƬֶ֮߳Զ
һɿֲޱȵ԰ɲΪԲģ˷ϯȥ
ɲǱռˣ
ʥ˭
ɲǣǲʯ塢ħ塢塢塢Թѵһͳɲˣ
ʥʲôˣ

һɹ̫Ԩ֮ǿޱȵʥȻ֪̫ԨΪ֮䶯
̫Ԩ̫֮Ԩڡ
һռعޱߣ羰续ʤյĺԵվһһͷɫףɢһŮΪ֮ĳʵĿӡ
ӵһЦʥ󡣲Ȼһ֮ھܹѹɲǣһݽɫǴ֮йľšȥǸʥ
ǣ
ǾվһŮӦһһû֮С
̫Ԩڡ
һƬƺ֮һƶ֮Ĺƺ֮УһƬɫĺ
һƬɫĺ룬һʢѩüĿ续ףǣһɫǵľɫŮһ֮ϡ
ɫ֮Уһɫˮڶ𣬻һɫһ·ɵǾɫŮǰϢûڡ
ɫŮһ˫ۣһɰԵޱȵϢ֮ͬһͷԶѣɲ䣡ʱ䣬Ҳ֮·ٴοʱ䡣һΣԤ֮еĩһ֮õƣҲᱻ־ֱƿҲһľСɲ֮е˲֪ҵĵˣҵѡȥʥʲô
ǣŮ£
һӰ֮зɹʧԶ
ɲ䣬̫ԨϵΪ֮𶯣һӴɳ̽ͼҵ
ɲڣһƬɳĮϷ
ˣ
濴ƬޱȵɳĮһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ㣬һ˿˿ռҫ
һսرڷɳͬһԶ޷ĻеҪһ㣬һ½䵽ƬɳĮ֮С
εĻеֱ֮ӷɳ䵽֮ϣһ
̻˴֮ӿŰɲǵ˷ȥʼɼֿռԴ
һ֮к֮ڶЩսܴ֮ս˶һ֮ڽ޸Լǿ
һν֮·һЯսˡһս˱ȫݻ٣ûлزսͻήһϡ
һٰɲǣѰ˸ڣ𡢻򽵡һԭ򣬾ҪΪϳɹ˿ءҪʱҲԷء
Ȼؼ죬ĿǰУҲֻأ硣ԼڵС磬ֱʹһ
زú֮һ̤һȿռ֮ڡ
Ԫɽ֮ڡ
һȿռֱӴ򿪣ǿռһ߳
꣨⣩ݼϽ飡
һӯӯݵǰ
ɨã۾΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ɫˡ
ӵòĺ֮УҲΪɫʳȻСһ㣬ҲһɰޱȵŮɫ˵ӡ濴ˣҲʮ⡣


1134 
ǰ˼ϵȵʣʯѩ֮⣬ȻӵʡСһѵҲǴת
Ŀ磬ɨһۣʱһһĨ֮ɫ
һʿţӵ߼ϵȵʡ߼ϵȵʣǲ֮λ֮У֮еšÿһʿ֮ʥӡʥŮһĴڡ
ǿȥɬޱȣԼʮȴһڰ˼ϵȵĹＶš
Ϊսħӵ򳬹һǧšʥӵа˼ϵʵҲʯѩˡ
ټȡӣҲֻӵа˼еȵʡǶҲĿǰǱʥʿǿߡ
弶ʵʿϣʥʿʵϺ弶ʵʿʥʿΪֻҪʿ׵溣ܹ֮Ѱҵ౦Լϡ
˫һһ¸ֳޱȵӡһɷ֮£׷ıʡ
ĿǰʵһʿʵۼǿߵתûӵǿޱȵرڣҲӲ׷顣
涢⣬һĨ֮ɫƬ֮ȻĹＶţˡǺú˵ܹõһʥǿߣ룬ҲԻһʥʿǿߡ
ʮ񣬸ܵȵĿ⣬ҲЩС΢΢Ĳš
֮ǰǷҪΪһ̷ңûɣ
̺֮ԵøӵˣǵģΰϽ顣
ԥһᣬҧˣҵ仹СٳЩ̷Σ
СҲ΢΢һ죬شͷɬ
ãұ棬ƺʥ֮·սħڣԺԳƺΪʥ
깧ǣʥˣԪɽλ϶ڵӼǰԪ
΢΢ף߳乬
ݼϽ飡
һ߳Ǽ乬㿴ǿֱڵϣΰݣ˵жųݺ;η֮ɫ
һֱ֣ӽǼƵǿֱѹΪֱ춯أʥҲֻǴ˵֮Уػӵ˿ֲ
ػױǿʥʿַӡ屣裬һ䣬ΪЩʳ齵ѹ壬ȻЩǿ߶˳ݺ;η
ЩǿߵĿȳݣʮֵȻȵ֮ϣԪȥ
ڷλ棬Ҳһǿ飬ܵͽǵĳݣĳ棬ѾʶΣȫΪ
ꡢø󣬸ЩǿǵĳݡηҲ˷ܺͼ
ݼϽ飡
һ̤ԪԪ֮еǿֱ߱ڵϣ
澶ֱߵԪһ֮ǰһ
һһʥرһػ׵Ĳʥһɲ֮䣬ӡ֣һ˿ʥʱ
ôΌϽ飿
ô£
ѵһϽǼٵģ

ڴ֮ǿɫ䣬гɻ
Ԫ֮еֻϽܹ£κðƻҪȥֻ·һ
һߵкȻһһĨڴĹâ
˶ҵĶ֣οһûֵر
浭һЦһƹᴩķ磬һ֮ϣһ˲㽫֮ں׵ӡֱӺ飬һȥ
һһųǿޱȵĹâ
һޱȵĹԪɽ֮ϳ컨׹ӿȪʥĹԴԪ֮š
ʥĹҫ֮£Ԫɽ֮˵ǿϵƶʼѸٵȬصĲʹҲһһɢ
Ͻλ
ϽȻˣ
Ͻ飬Ȼûǣ

Ԫɽ֮Уǿ˫ᣬڵϣ໴ޡ
Ԫ֮Уж΢΢һݡȻ׾ٵ֮ϣһѹǿľϽ飬ҲѾϽ顣
ʥʯ塢塢ħѾҼ𡣲ԹһѾҡһҲѾ밲ɲǣӽ𣬰ɲǣʥء
һֺ޴Ԫ֮дķ
ǿѾʥ˼ˣô˵ǿ飬Ҳʥ˼ˣ
ǿһһ롣⻹һʱ䣬kô쵽ģ
ǿʥǿˣ

Ԫ֮ڣ߲㶼г𺧣Ų֮ɫ
ǿ֮иƣǿꡣӵʥʿǿǿ֮ͬìأ໥֮乥ɱݡڼǧǰǿֲƽˡ
ʥ꣡
ʥˣ㲻࣡

Ԫɽһ±󻶺֮ǿ߳˷ܺͼǿ֮䱬εս˫˼ԻѪ
ǿȻǿ˷ܲѡҲһ˲ﵽۣԶ顣
浭ɽ
ڣ
һӵʿΪߴȺ֮߳
ӽ𣬰ɽԪһλɽһ壬ͳͳΪūޣ̡
üһĻж¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
ɽ֮γԪɽĽ磬ԪɽԲ֮졣
ǣʥˣ
Ԫɽ֮һֱӳУɨɽһۣһĨʹ֮ɫȡرԪɽԴֱӶȥ
ɽһ֮ϣͬһ棬ʱ΢΢һ̾־ܣƾһöԪԴ֮Уֱ֮Ӻɡ
ɽԪɽ֮޴ޱȣԪ֮Уɵ𡣿ЩɽĵһĬɪɪȴķ䡣
ʱѾ֮дﵽۣκᱻִȥʵҲʥûһ˿㡣ɽĵҲ޷
ĽһϵеĴЩͽǷ׷״Ӹλ䣬̲˽㣬ʹйʿͷܿ£ģȶס˾档
浭ꡢΪʥŮڣǾʹҵ־Ǳǵ𣿡
Ԫ֮Уи߲㶼Ŀһۣǣʥˣ


1135 
ɲΧһȫʧεĴϢŰɲǷȥ
һֻϣȻǾȥ
һֲֻ˺Ѳ񷣬ȻƬ֮УſѪֱһҧ
һȫεĴһ¶Σһ±һصķ磬еǡ
ǿֲѪһϣһھͽһ溣ǿ߼Ĵҧ£ڵľ׽
ʥ
ʥȻһͷţǴֱʡ
һ˭ܹǱȥ

Ǹ̽һһͷʥʿʱһһ֮Уϵĺˣҽӽɲǡ
ʥʿǿԳΪ̽Ǳ밲ɲ֮ڣЩԸ̽Ӹ޷ϢǱ밲ɲ֮ڡ
Щ̽޷ӽɲǣֻܹԻصԼ֮ڡ
̫Ԩڡ
ɲһʥػ޷ӽûܹ𷣡
һ˿˿ҫһķԸУòĺŮȻһƬԣӵĽ¡
Ǵľ콾ȻѲһʥѾԽļޡĴ뺯ȥʥҾɽһۡ
ӵȻһЦָһһŽɫ뺯ƽƽȥ
ǣ
ӹһŽɫ뺯֮΢΢һΣԭʧ
ɲΧ
һɫԶ˰ɲΧֱͣסֳΣ
ҫʹߣǰʥˣλʥͨһ
ƬյһƬƲ֮Уֻ޴ɨһۣͨȻû֮С
ҫ̫Ԩ֮һҫ忪Ҳ̫Ԩ֧֮һȤ
Ԫ֮ϣ§꣬˫գȻһЦ
֮УƲɢȥһͷ峤ʮ׵Ȼ֣һ˿˿ֲޱȵʥȥ
лˣ
ͷһ񣬻һǰɲ֮ڷȥ
Ȼ֮Уֻʣ²Թһ塣ɲǶʥƿ֮СЩʲô
ҲʿǿߣһƬ򣬾ʩչطŰɲǿȥһ۾Ϳĸֹ̻˸ŰɲǣǰɲǸΪһʥء
һȻһϣֱڱΣҲκζ
΢΢һݣʩչĿӷֱԪȥ
ҫʹΰʥˡ
һԪĿ֮ϵͣһ˲ӯӯһݣ
ҫ̫Ԩ֮һ̫Ԩ֧ߡҫ֮УƣǿꡣһЩͨʥʿҲὫ̬ŵ֮ͣһ٣ͽɲǵǿȫܣĿֲڣҲҷ
걻һۣʱ̺죬ɬϽļ˾ʥַھȻڴ֮ͥһ˵ĻУƤɬ
浭ʲô£˵
˫һŽɫ뺯һߵǰǽɫ뺯˹ȥҼҫʥǰɽһۣ뺯¡
֪ˣذɣ
ʮֹϵǣ
ɨǽɫ뺯һۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ɽһǾɽ̫֮Ԩ֣Ȥ̫ԨʲôӢۺܡ
֮һ̫ͨԨս֮ڡ
һ֮ϣƷŸ̫ԨɫʳǸһվɢһʥʵ˾
ʮĬĬվߣʮɵĴŸʳͬһʵһ㡣
ʮԴӿ׵ѹɲǿ壬ҽɲԼƿ֮к󣬱˳ݣʥʿĸ߰ʵʵĽԼһˡ
ãС㣬ܹ𣿡
һһһһͷɫʽİ͹£ԸУһ˫弸¶ò֮дһӢʵĴŮ˹˫֮дȣꡣ
ɨŮһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
꿴һۣûзԣ΢Ц
˿Цݣһһ˲¶ɫڵ飬Ȼܺõ˹ȥ΢΢һЦʮԺһЦҽжȣ̫Ԩǰĵһ˳λ̳ˡ
֮֮ɫĶ΢Цγƺ
һᣬһ۲ŵҽ꣬һλҵˣ档
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ŀϣ֮һĨ֮ɫˣ
֮һĨ⣬棬ϣܹλŮʿɡȻҿԸһƷħֲʧ
æ͵ˣȣĸԸġ
΢΢һ㶣֮һĨʺͼ֮ɫʲôĸԸģ
ã
ȺȻ΢΢һ䣬һųһ˿˿âһ溣Ŀֲһ±
ûõģȣȻǷ֡;Ӳ˵ġ
һһԴһĿ࣬һβӣһͯһ㣬沿ֻ鲢Уޱȵ٪һ
ɿֲޱȵʿϯķ
οЦԲǡ
浭һЦõǸ΢һĵʱ䡣ΪҰ㴦ЩС鷳ɡ
һ̾С鷳֪ʲôˣǿ֮۵߹רΪkԸŮáһΪһѾӵkǵѣû뵽Щ쵰Ȼ׷
ʵۣ˭
Ѿӡڰɲǳ꣬k֪ʶѾʱ۸ûгڵkļ֮С
ĿβһЦ۴˵Ŷûһӡˣ۾ǿľţעҪ£޵УԽΰڡЩСϣ۴˵ţӦֱ¹Ϊ۴˷һУϣɹĩ١
٪һ꣬ʱ۾һ˷һЦŮ˲òɫʲ溣ʿԳ۴˵Ķǽ׸۴ˣһԻ۴˵Ļġ۴һˣǽϣΪʥʿ


1136 ɱ
ĿβһĨޱȵϢɭޱȵв࣬£Ů׸ǡ򣬽ڡ
٪վһߣ˫ֻһϷʵĿ档kϲЩ໥顣
һս֮У˶ԶԶվһߣĮĿߡһЩ˻¶ֻЦݡ
ʿǿ֮·֮ҲһĿֲڣʿǿ֣ս֣֮⡣
䵭ʮȫɱˣ
ǣˣ
ߣü˳ۣ·һʵ͵ļʮֱǰ̤һ鵶һնһޱȵĵâһȻ˲
һͷĿβһЦװŪ
һ̣βһıѣ·նһ㣬ѽ⿪Ʈɢɢء

һͷ٪Ҳҽһһѳݣ·оѪһ㣬ѽ⿪ɢϡ
Ǽʮһ˺ͬһʵһ㾲վ
ǿǸǿ
Ǹ˵ʲôôһǿǿ߳䵱ʹӣ

ս֮ڣ˶Ķʮж֮ɫ
һնɱʿǿߣǿĸطǰĴĴﾹȻĸԸˣЩǶֶ˼ֲ²⡣
г˺£˵˺ǿֲĸԸ֮ǰһֱûжǿ
ǶȶǿʱֻҲѾһʬ塣
ȿЦ棬Ǹˡ
ȣʲôˣ
Ȼ˵۾ǿškһ壬ڰʥ֮նɱһʥʿkʥʿܹ֮һʥǿߡպգʥ֮нֻвʮܹ֮
浭ԭˣkȷʵ԰ʸ񡣡
ڰʥ֮նɱʥʿ۾ڰʥ֮Ѿ۳֮ӵеۼرԼĵ·kǹＶš
棬һζл־ҡˣ̫֮Ԩڣɽ֮Уҫƺɽֵʥ߾ۻᡣǿ̫Ԩǵʢ䣬ƣǿꡣ
ﻹиָᣬĳʥлܹһʥߵ£ʥߵıӻôۣҲɵ֣׷ǵĴ㡣
ǰ̫Ԩ֮ϻеңû뺯ҲֱӽȥһμӾɽʥ߾ۻΣĿʱʱ޵һɨ
ã
һ֮һսͽ̫ԨΧ
̫Ԩǣɭϡ
ս֮⿴ȥֻ̫ԨΧ֮УһһʮǳÿһǳǿԼγһ
һʮǳһȫγһֲޱȵĹɱ󣬾ʥǿҲܹܣɱ
֮һսڵ½̫Ԩǡ
ŨħܣȲ֮λ滹ҪŨöࡣﻹֻ֮·Χ򡣹ֲܹ˶ʥʿ
һ̫ԨǣһӦ̫ԨħܵŨȡ
֮λ汾һһȵλ浮ߣģӵгԽλħܡ
δս֮ǲ֮λλ汾Դܵش֮СһԵʣǲ֮λû䡣
໥ɿʼǲ֮λѾѣû⣬ָܹΪյߵĳһλ棬Ȼһߣǹ߿⡣
óһֻһӡҫͷƽ֮зɳһƽֱӳ֣һŰȥ
λ̫ԨԵһռظߴ꣬·һСһĹȺ
ⲻǶȽλѣ壿ûпɣ㾹ȻͼΪѣǶǰ
һ𷢱ۣĻԸУɢһϢŮʮĹ֮ɨһۣ
Ŀһһ±ɭޱȵҵѵǸҾĲ㡣
һЦѣǾȻѡĺЩͼѡ̫ǰˡ£һôЩࣿ
һһϳеǿ΢΢һЦһ嶼ϲġЩڳǵİƷǵ࣬ʵ̫Ȥˡ
һͷϳһֻǣòɢһаʵǿ΢΢һЦһϲЩ֮гɫŮץɹȻǻɱ໥ֱȤˡ
֮ǰ̺õһͷȮտһʥŮҲ֮ǰոմҵˣ̤ƽڵǰնɱڱ¼ˡ
һͷϳŹǵǿ¶һƵЦݣһָһӡȻ֡
һɫĹâҫһһͷɫԸУòΪŮȻ֣壬ͬһڵϣһŹǣɢаʵǿǰֺõЬӡ
һһǿһЦ壬Ȥ漸졣
ǳŹǵǿһЦȥһѡֻ࣬䵱ǵĹͬС
ûֻ࣬䵱ǵĹ
ȣ㾹ȻཻѣǶǵ

һЦ֮Ӱ󴫳һĿⶼϡ
ȼһĻжʱһ˿˿⣬濴һۣҪ˵ЩʲôǱĿһۣʱӿһ˿־壬Ҷ˵ʲô
浭ĮʮһȫɱˡǸе塢µģҪ̫ʹ졣һ̰֮ɣĵӦòɣ
ʮһųһ˿˿âǣˣǲֻϰˣūĵԲʧ
ôĿ壬ȻҪɱǣֱ֪
һһͷ­ɢһϢǿһ±ʿĿֲϢâȻצǼʮֱץȥ
ʮ鵶һնһâǿһ
һǿһķѣƬѪɢڴ֮ϡ
ϲЦ㾹ȻҶɱˣ¼ྐྵȻҰɱˡˣȣѡѾȻǰɱˣҰһ˳λļ̳ˣҲסǡ


1137 ͳͳɱ
ôĹȻɱǵѣ
һĨâŭһһµһ׵ľ޵һ˲նһ򵶣һ򵶵϶Ϊһżʮնȥ
һѤޱȵĵâȻȻʧ
һ¶һֱӶ֮Уһһĵնڵk֮ϣkһƬƬѪն£õkޱȣʹŤİ֮
ʮȻԵƽޱȵ˼ȻҪ̣֮ôʮʮҹ֮ڣ㶼ꡢѪⶼҵĵ֮ʹܾʹ࣬˥
Щǿ߼һĻһðź
ס֣ȻҾ
кâһһץǵϵȮץУżʮв
ϣƾϣҲвң
ʮһĨ֮ɫǰ̤һһѤޱȵĵâһš
ǵʧһ³֮У·˶֮һ㣬һƬƬѪⱻĵâն£·ɽ׵һʱ䱻ʹŤ֮
ЩǿǼһĻһͬ־ס
ס֣ǰ˭ɱˣ
һŭһ溣ǰ֮ڶһɫĿ࣬òӴ߷
溣һǧսʿÿһսʿӵ»ʿϵΪ
һ溣ǿߣһĨϲ֮ɫ˷ܽе壬ЩˡǶȴЩ࣬ǰɱˡ֣ȫɱˣ
ˣɱЩ¼֡
ˣЩ¼ɱǵĺѣÿĥǵĺѣɱǣ

ߵ׹ĺе
¼֣
Ŀ΢΢һɨһĨâֳһɫꪣת綾壬żʮֱӴȥ
ɫ䣬еס֣壬ǿߣ棬ס֣
ʮϾ濴һۣûκαʾһһĨ˷֮ɫ鵶һն
һޱȵĵҫһն¡
ǵ֮еһͳͳն顣
ͬkһǧ»ʿǿͳͳǿֲһն飬ƬѪʮħա
һ±ò԰ޱȾޱȵļеǿߣô壬ôǿߣ
ЩĹҲɫ԰ףž֮ɫǿߣȻһǿߡ
ʿǿ֮·֮УҲһͷĸ֮жǸ߲㣬ս׺ףǲܵĴڡ
λѣסְɣϾǰһӡ¾ʹ˽ҹ뿪Σǰ롣
һʿĿֲϢԼһԲϵǰ
ӣʲôһԪѾߵͷ꿪ʼķҲҸӣ
ʮһĨ֮ɫӵһնһޱȵĵŰԼնȥ
һâȻҫһָոճ֣㱻ʮնĵâֱնƬЩҲն飬ɢ䡣
λѣ̫ԨǣܹҰĵط
ǰʱһ䣬һɫĹâǰ֮ڶֱ
ǻƽɫĹâһնһֲޱȵϢգ߸
ǰһ۵һЦȣҪҪҰǸͷն㵱ˣ
Ŀ⸴ӿЦ棬ʲôʱˣ㻹ڿЦ㻹ߣ̫ԨǵĻӿˡôǿҲֻһǿߡЩ̫ԨǻеǿѾ¶ʮˣʥǿҲϡ
һɫĹâҫһźɫսףֳһħͷϳһֻǣɢŰʥֲϢǿߴ֮߳
źɫսףͷǵǿ󣬻ʮʿĿֲǿߴ֮и֣ĶһУͬڿﷸ
ʿǿԮ̫ԨǻȻɳʵʿСèС
һֳħͷȽŵİʥǿߣʱɫһ±òҰޱȣ군ˡһǺʥk壬һkУֻ·һǿӡˣӵʱ򣬼ǵôҡkһŭͻǨŭ޹ˡ
ʥɨһۣһĨ֮ɫɭޱȵʲô£
һɫߴǰ֮зɳһУһĨԹ֮ɫʥˣһ֮󽻷࣬СĽЩ¼ִ˸ۡЩ¼ĺɱЩɰĺӡֽkͳͳɱ
ʥɨ˶һۣһĨâһЦǸŮ࣬Υ̫ԨǵĹأɱˡչأ뱻
ҵĸۡʱͲǹˡ⴦á
ʥһЦĸˣһ΢΢ʾ⡣
ˣ£ҪΥ̫Ԩǻӣ屻𣡣
һźɫսףɢɫǰһȵ
浭ȫɱˣ
ʮһĨ˷֮ɫǣˣ
ȫɱˣҪɱǡ¼֣ǺôĿȥ
ǺʥһĨâһ¸ֳصӡһ±仯Ϊһףأ·ܹѹľħֳǱնصĿֲħžħһնȥ
ˣ
һһֲ񷣬̺޾а֮Ľâն䣬԰ףһĨ֮ɫһܣԶԶκһ⣬Ѿ޽ӽڴ˵֮ʥ
ڰʥ֮ѾǲˡϧôǿİʥҲȻֻһֻȽϴһϰˡ
ʮһĨ֮ɫһɺޱߣѹļ˻ĵĿֲʥ˲䱬
ǲһĺʥʱһĨ֮ɫʧеʥߣ
һ˺Ѳ񷣬ն磬أǳľâճ̺޾ħħһս
Ǽ޵еħһ˲ǿֲޱȵľâһ˲㽫ǺʥֱնأkնѪҲͳͳն׹ϡ
ʥߣһʥߣ
ôܣôһʥߡһʥߣôܸĵһ˵ˣ
ôܣ

ʮʿǿһɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣɪɪг˿־֮ɫ


1138 նʥ
ȿߵļʮ֮һĨ֮ɫʥߣһʥ߾Ȼˣʲô
żʮĿɿڴŲ֮ɫʥߣȻһʥߡһʥߣôĳ䵱һӵܵˣ˵ʲô
ʥʿĸ綼һػ񣬾ͷĿֲڡһǿ߾ȻĳΪˣֱŵ˼㡣
ʮâǰ̤һӵһնһޱȵĵâ˺Ѳ񷣬ᴩǺӣʮ̫Ԩǻӵʿǿնȥ
ס֣
һʥʿĿֲԶһֻ˹Ǵ̣ʥ֮ľ˺Ѳ񷣬貵ĵâһץ
ʮնһ貵âһ㽫ǳǴ̵ľն飬дĵâһ׾ٵĽʿǿֱն
ǲдİʿǿңʩչطԶȥ
ʮâӵն·ն֮С
һɲ֮䣬һʿǿһ·ֳ룬飬
ôĵӣȻ̫Ԩ֮ɱˣѵҪѹ𣿡
һžջݣͷϳֻţһǣһɫŤϢ֮У߰׵Ŀֲħһ̤â䣬߿
֮һĨη֮ɫʥߣ̫ԨǵʥҲˡ
ĶһУһĨ⣺̫ԨҲӵʥߣˣ
ʥʥ
һ߰׵Ŀֲħոջո£Ŀನ΢΢һɨʱɫʧе
ʥһ֮ѹɲǣɲǽʮʥʿһһնɱӡֱײе˼㡣Ҫ֪̫ԨȻʥʿ֮⣬ЩʥʿС
̫ԨѾֲľħȻҲһ׺ףħգ۵Ŀֲڡ
˵˭뱻ѹ𣿡
Ǳֻɢ»ʿ棬һɢֲޱȵʥʿڵĿֲѹͬһͷ̫ʱѾڵ޻ѣ˫ۣĶԼ
һֻ·ڱβ񷣬ѹʮصĽɫƴ֮Ȼ֣̺Ųʥһʥʿľħݺȥ
һʥʿľħɫ䣬һŭ𣬻Ӷһ޴ޱȵս֮һֻɫƺݺȥ
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һصĿֲ֮Уһʥʿľħһ´׹£ײ˴֮ϣͬ׹أײһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
ĿɿڴһĨ𺧣ɪɪʥߣҲһʥߣҺǿ̫ǿˡҲԣֻһʥߣܹһʥĸԸĵˡ
֮һĨ֮ɫԼ۾ʥߣȻҲһʥߡ
ʥ
ʥkôˣ
ʥһһѹ˰ɲǵʥ

һֲޱʥʿ̫Ԩ֮ڶЩʥʿĿֲڶַͨ߷һС
һֲޱȵʥһĨ֮ɫʮϵʥʿ̫ԨǲƬ֮еԻ
໥֮ǰʥʿʮһ̫ԨǾӵʮʥʿһ̫Ԩ֮ӵеԳΪʿ֮һֻصĿֲ
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ȻըѿǱµľħʥһ´Ӵ֮зɳվԶĶ棬г˼ɵ֮ɫ
ղһҲֻǸǾħʥһ˿ˣһʱ䣬Ǿħʥϵ˱ѾָˣǾħʥ߸ܹеĿֲ
ǾħʥĶ棬ݻҷųkܵĸоŵĿֲɱ⣬kаϻΣա
ʥݹ٣ʧԶӭˡ
֮һӿһ˿˿֮߳һ
赭дǰһָֻðңҪk
ɫһ±ҴеˣûСʥǹɱˡ
ʥǺôȻǵ̫Ԩ֮йȻɱˣƻ̫ԨǵĹءҪ̫ԨǵһߣǰԵ
һһƽװףһͷɫĿߴò׵Ӵ֮߳ɢʥʿ۷ĿֲϢ
ɫ䣬洫ʥӣk̫Ԩ֮һ֮еľţҲһʱɫľ콾
̫Ԩֱ塢ҫ塢塣
֮ͨ壬̺֮ޱȵһ壬֮
âô㲻
ʥâ¼֣ȻҸ˵ɣ̫ԨǣɲܹҰĵطڣҹ£ĵҵūͣҾ͸һ·򣬽ļգ
ȥ
кâһһ¸ֳһߡסǡꪡҲС
ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ޱȵӡǡʱ֮顿ӿһʱǡʱ֮顿ӿǽʥֱһˢ
ʱĳˢ֮£ǽʥΧһ´һֻʱ֮У˼άҲûʮϡ
ʥʿѾһ˿ԣʲôʱ塢ط޷ֹkǵʱ䡣ʱͬõkǵ˼ά塢ٱû
һɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬ǽʥӺݺݵնȥ
ס֣
Զһ´һŭޱȵһɴʥĿֲϢһֻ޴ޱȵĽɫ˺Ѳ񷣬̺Ź֮壬ֱѹ¡
ʮһĨâȻһն˺Ѳ񷣬ǽɫĹնȥ
¡
һ춯صĿֲ֮ȻһֻɫĹӲıʮֱն顣
ǼʮҲǴʥĿֲ׹أһʥѪ
ǽʥҲоΣգâҫɫһ䶯γһɫĹǶܣ˵kǰ
һɫâһ´ǽɫĹǶ֮ϣһ̶ޱȵ֮ӲĽǽɫĹǶһնأ˳ƽǽʥֱһΪ
һɺڶȻ֣ǽʥֱɣǽʥӵԴ֮
ǽʥһɣɫĹ֣γһɫԲĵֵ֮ȻȻһ˿˿ԴţȴӲĵֵס֮
һЦһ䣺ȤȻֵܹסҵ֮ȻЩŵǵ֮һ
һħʥ߼һĻһһƬ̫ײˣ壬ȻʥӶһˣֱ̫ײˡ


1139 Ǵʥ
ʥӾˣ
ǿʥ۷ĵ壬൱ʥʿ۷ֲڣ
ǽʥӣʥ۷ĵ壬Ȼһˣʥ̫ײˡ

һʥʿǿ߼һĻ׷׵һ
ǽʥǽľţ̫ԨҲһһˡ˾Ȼֱˣֱš
ʥʥӻ
һֲޱȵĽŴԶǽ֮ϣվһһɫ֮Уֳһƽսꪣɢһɴʥֲѹǿֱӷ棬гɱ
֮һĨ֮ɫ洫ʥkǽ֮нڽǴʥʥǿߡ
Ǵʥǿĸ涼ǴĴڣǴ˵漣Ҳֻڰ֮мʥӰǽʥҲ̫Ԩǿ֮һ
浭ʥҪһʥӣʲôk
ô
ʥâҫֳֻƽսꪺݺһꪴ̺޾ƽԣݺݴȥ
ƾ㣬첻
һʱһΧֱ֣Ӿżʮꡢȣ̫Ԩֱӷȥ
һضѵɷâΧŤҫ˷·һ˲ͱ˽ʵ֮䣬ʮֹж˽ʥ
ӣ
ʥһĨâһƽ֮УһƽâӲȥ
Сꪡֱһ̣һ´ǻƽâ֮ϣʮѿգɫ׹âգǻƽ֮ϡ
ɿֲޱȵ֮𵴣˺գֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥɫסƽͳͳ໥֯
һ±ʮӡҫΧ˳ȥ
ǿʥȻûˡ
ǿǽʥȫһʥȻˡһµĹ

һʥʿǿǼһĻ׷׵һں
֮Уһ˿˿Ȼһʥʿֳ̤֮һֻɫľ޽ǡ
һֻɫľ޽Ǿǽһĵۼرħǡʹһͷ̫ʱ鼶Ǿ޹Ϭеƶɵĵۼر
ǡħǡһһ˿ֲޱȵĲһͷ·̫ʱ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬȻ֡
һͷǾ޹Ϭֱһ̤ѹգͬһ޴Ļƽɽݺݲȥ
һĨ֮ɫϵġסâҫһӡ֣һ̣ʮѿգͷǾ޹Ϭݺݴȥ
ǽǾ޹Ϭ޽һ̤һһɫ̫ѣ·ضΪ֮𶯡
һ±ɳǧ֮һƬѪ
һʥʿһ֮и֣һӣһŽɫĴ̺ɷ˿ƶȥ
ǵģȻҪңôǾͳͳȥˣ
âҫһ˿˿ռ֡
һͷǳľͷǿЫȻ֣Ǿ޴ͬǳһĿֲһ¾ͽ̺ɽɫ˿Ӳĳơ
ǾͷǿЫ޾Ÿͷſһ磬ŵ貵Ķֳ֡ħǡʥʿһɨ
ǡħǡ֮йâҫһͷǾ޹ϬȻ֣֮ų޾ĻƽԣǾŵӲɢ
һʱΧƣ˲һ㣬һʥʿǰһնһɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬ӲĽʥʿֱնأѪɢ䡣
һɺڶȻ֣ʥʿֱ˽ȥӡ֣ļȡǽʥʿԴ
ֱնһʥߣ
նʥߣԪҪˣ
ȤʥߣԲưոݡ

ЩΧ۵ʥǿǼһĻһĨ˷֮ɫ
̫Ԩ֮һҲ̫Ԩ֮е֮һӵѣͬҲӵĵˡǽһʥʿǸǿǶЩ
һޱȵĽɫâ̫ԨһƬ֮ڶһֱ̺
ǽӣ
پеʱŻ
ǸʥһҪˣ
˽ӣkеѶжkǵСʥѾk϶ΪС

һʥʿǿһĨ֮ɫ
̫Ԩ֮ڣһһǿϢȻѣһһʥʿǿ߸
Ϊ̫Ԩ֮һӵпֲޱȵͬӵӹѡ
Ҫңǻʸ񣡣
֮΢΢һɨһЦָһţǵۼرʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱⳤӴǡʱ֮顿ӿ
ʱ֮УΧʱһ¼ӿ˰ٱһ֮΢΢һɨǾͷǿЫ޵ͳͳڵС֮ڡ
һɫĹâһֱӻһɫ⣬̫Ԩ֮ȥ
ٶȱ͹ھͬǿߣʱټӿٱ֮ٶȸǿ죬ͬռԾһ㣬һ֮䣬ɳ̫Ԩǡ
̫ԨΧһʮǳȻâһǳۣ֮γһǳ֮ӣ̺ɢһɿֲޱȵܡ
һЦȵҼȻȻѾ׼飡
һǳ֮УǷ׷׸֣һǳ
մɱȻֱ֣ԱһĢǳ֮ըѿеһͳͳըɷ顣
ЩҲǿǳ
һ޴ޱȵǳ֮ɣ΢΢һֱӱ
תռ壬ֱǰһȿռš
״ǿռ֮ȻɳһУֱԼС֮ڡ
ʥ
һɴʥڵĿֲӺ󷽴һŽɫԣһǿ߽ǴʥһԽɫĹ߷
ǽɫĹ΢΢һģɫĹҫǽǴʥֱӿԽ룬ٶȱڡʱ֮顿ʱٰٱҲֻѷ
һҫһֻ޴ޱȵĽɫ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺץȥ
һɺڶȻ֣Ǿ޴ޱȵĽɫһǾ޴ޱȵĽɫֱɡ
ǽǴʥһĨŭ֮ɫĿ΢΢˸õĹſһԲԴԴϵûkڡ
ʥǿʥʿǿĲǶԡ̶֮ԼĲݡ淨ա
ȻҲǸ޷Ǵʥȡ׷ȥһᱻǽǴʥ׷ϡ


1140 
һâһֱӷ˰ɲ֮ڡ
һʥʿжͣ
һɫĹâ΢΢һǴʥҲͣ˰ɲ֮⣬ֻ΢ԥһ˲䣬ֱһ˰ɲ֮ڡ
Ǵʥһʥڵǿߣ̫Ԩ֮Ҳλȼ֮һʲô࣬kԼȫѹ
ҵˣС󣡣
һ밲ɲǣǴʥӴޱȵ֮һɨվԪɽɽ۵档
濴˽Ǵʥһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫǴʥ㾹Ȼҽҵ޴
Ƕ˼ʥߣţǿʥȻɱҽʥߣһὫһȫɱǵͷ­
ǴʥӴޱȵΧ΢΢һɨ׵ĸӦ֮еʥ
ʮټ棬һʥʿǿߡǴʥԼһУǿȫնɱڴ˵ء
ҽʥҲԴԴϵŴ˵ظֻҪǴʥڴ˵ؽһᣬͻԴԴϵԮ
ǴʥԵƬΣǽĴȫһս
ˣһԽЩ¼ͳͳն𣡣
ǴʥâҫŽɫĹâͬһɢŽɫԵoһȥ
ǴʥǽɫĹһ죬һ׵ĽɫȻֱ֣˺Ѳ񷣬һնȥ
һɲ֮䣬һڱβĽɫâŷԲʮԪŻһеԼԪɽնȥֻҪ΢ãԪɽᱻǿֲһֱն顣
ֳ֡ꪡֱһ̣ʮѿգɫǽɫĵâ໥֯
ǿ֮£ԪɽһĿѣԲɽѣ·ĩսһ㣬ѾǰԪɽ峷ߣһನܹ»ʿµͳͳɱ
ǿֲޱȵ֮£ֱӱ׹Ԫɽ֮ڣԪɽײһıѿ
ϣֻǿˣûǿرʥӵеۼرҲԲҵĶ֡
ǴʥȻһЦԶ֮ңңǣƵһۣӶǽɫĹкһն
һޱȵĽɫһºնԪֱնȥ
һͷʥһ¸ֳصӡһޱȵķ籩Ȼ֣γһ籩ϡ
һޱȵĽɫһնǷ籩֮ϽǷ籩ֱնѣһնʥϣӲĽצնϣƬѪء
һͷһʹޱȵһΣӳ֮ң
ʥ˶Ѿʼ㡣ƾʲôҽ嶷
ǴʥâҫŻƽԣӶƽնȥ
һԲӶǡꪡǻƽкһ
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޴ޱȵıը֮ڶһ˲˫ͽٴΡ
ǿֲޱȵ΢ɢ÷Բɽѣռ̮
ԪɽһʥأҲǿߵĽ֮£ȫ顣
ǽǴʥԴʥڵĿֲΪεİսĽ࣬ȻСס壬ȻޱȵĹնƣ˺ۡ
һɺڶΧ֣һɢ޲Լ塣
ǽǴʥûע⵽ʱ֮УһƬŨϢǳ
΢΢һŤһɫʥɽȻ֣һʥʿĿֲϢһʥɽ֮и֡
ǽڵһʱϵ
ˣҵȵúడ
һɫʥɽ֣ȾѪ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ǵʥһӿһ˿˿ԤС
һɲ֮䣬ǰɲ֮ڣʮʥȻ֣ʮشʥʿĿֲ˺Ѳ񷣬һɫʥɽֱӺȥ
ǽɫʥɽ֮ӡ֣һһǽɫʥɽ֮ڡ
ʮشʥʿĿֲǿȴʥĿֲ֮£ͬһʱ˽ɫʥɽķ硣
ǽɫʥɽķʱһ飬ձǿֲޱȵĹֱɡ
ǵƻۣ忪ųսĴƻԶԶʿ󲿷ر֮ϡ
ʥ
ǴʥǽɫʥɽֱӴݻ٣ѣ湥ȥ
һɫʥɽ֮л۵ĶǽľӢһ֮£һЩʥʿ֮⣬ǿ߾
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֮еĲԹɼһĻʱһںңǺ¡
ҾȲˣǴʥúõҵĻе棡
Цһ֮һɨ
һɲ֮䣬ǽɫʥɽ·һնһɫâ׾ٵľͽһɫѵĽʥʿնأһɺڶȻ֣ǽʥʿֱɡ
ɺڶһӲĽԼѵʥʿǿֱɡ
ս˱Ǵ֮һ´ͳգŲдѵʥʿȥ
ʥʿǿʮʥڵͻȻ֮£޷ľͱֱش
ֱ޾ĻеΧɱʱ˿ս֮С
мˣ
ǴʥһĨûڣȻ˲תΪ˼㣬ֳǽɫĹкһն
һɫո֣һնǵ·ǧعҫսֱնء
Ǵʥ΢΢һ޷ȡԪصǽħ򣡣
ǰɲǵĸضһεĻеԴԴϵĳȡԪӡλԪħܡɲǶһħ
һ޷֮ΰǴʥǿսҲۿۣ޷ʩչֺһеĴΧϵ
عҫ塢ͬˮһŽǴʥӿǴʥÿնһܹնɱһǧսˣȴһߣûһ˿ϲɫ
ͷһɺڶֳ֡ꪡȻվ֮Уע·ʥʿһʥǿսе֮п
ǴʥڵʥǺͽɣµΪֹֻҪ뿪ǽǩַԼһ֮ڣҽԲ֣
ͽ⣿̫ˣǶѾҵ֮ǶԹԵĳΪҵ̤ʯҵǶ۷ɣ
ɨǽǴʥһۣһĨ֮ɫһ³һʥʿһնǽʥʿһΪֱն롣
ɺڶһ㽫ǽʥʿֱ£ĳȡǽʥʿԴ


1141 ɱǴʥ
˲дʥʿһĻž֮ɫĴ߶һֲޱȵķâȥ
һʱΧ֣ʱ֮Уͬȥδ޷׾ٵıܹʥʿǿߵĹ
һʥʿǿ΢һ˲ʮȻӵն˵kĻ磬ڵk֮һơ
ʥʿǿŭһ˫۷·һ±仯ΪС̫̫׷գճΧһ
̫֮ǧסعҫͳͳȼķգܽ⣬ҳƮɢ
һɫսꪴӺֱӴ̳ûһ´ʥʿ֮ϣһâʥʿֱնء
һɺڶȻ֣ʥʿֱ˽ȥ
Ǵʥ־ŭ߳ס֣ʥǽԸ⳥һ֮Ȫ뿪˵أ
ǴʥȻ𣬾ͬһ޵еս񣬽ɫĹ֮еһжͳͳնЩеŶkֱնѣɲ֮䣬Ѿڲдʥʿǿǰͬһɽһ㵲סеŵΧ
κһʥʿһǿĵ̣ÿһ嶼˵Ԫ
Ŀ亮ԸⷢĵҵūͣǾͳͳΪҵǶ۷̤ʯ
ǰɲ֮Уһ޴ޱȵĻеȻ֣ӡǻе֮Ȼ֡
һ˿ǰɲ֮ǳϵһ
֮ŽǴʥԼдʥֱӾȥ
һ֣ǴʥоΧطѾı䣬֮Уһɹޱȵѹŵk
طǴʥĿֲ֮£ǴʥʮԱһֵƻǴʥĿֲܡ
һ֣Ǵʥĸ֪ʱĵkʮֻܹ߷
ҵūͣ룡ͻΧ
ǴʥһĨâӶǽɫĹг֮նȥ
ӿս˶Ǵʥ׷նѿ
֮Уս˱ɫĵâն飬ͬһƬ֮ꡣ
ǽǴʥһͻǻеɵĶʮ֮ڣ㿴ֳ֡ꪡǵڶʮĵ֮Ķŵk

Ǵʥ޼棬ӡ֣ȫĽɫһƽ֮ϣת壬޾Ļƽնȥ
ϣֻǿˣûǿر仰ȷʵûһ䣬رҲʿһֻ֡ȫӳرʿǿʿǴʥʶһ
һĨޱȵս⣬ϵġסӡҫĦʯһӿӴޱȵſе˫ǻе˫֮Ҳصӡ
Ҳǡסɵڶ̬̤֮˴ʥ֮ӶǡꪡնգһѹصĿֲâǽǴʥնȥ
¡
ɫâһ´˻ƽγɵĿֲâ˽Ǵʥ֮УӲĽkӲֱ֮Ӻ׹䵽˴֮ϣͬ׹أһ춯صĿֲը
ȴֻǱʮ
ԹɼһĻĿɿڴԼ۾ǴʥȻˣǿ̫ԨѾõĴʥ֧
ǴʥȻˣ
ôܣǸֻһʥʿڵĴڡôܻܴʥڵĽǴʥ
Ǵʥǿ̫ԨǿĴʥôܸܰһʿ

ǲдʥʿǿһɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ʥʿǿҡһ˲䣬֮еļʮȻ֣һննһʥʿϣӲĽ˵ʥʿֱնء
һǧعҫеع׵Ĺ֮£䣬һޱȵĺᴩ񷣬һʥʿ֮ϣʥʿֱӺɷɻҡ
ͷҲֱĴų򣬲ݿֲޱȵĿ֮ǲдʥʿնȥ
ǼʮԹɡʥǿеŵ֮£ΧɱʥʿȫռϷ硣
ǡʱ֮顿Ȼգһʱӿϣʱһ¼ӿٱ
˲һǽǴʥǰһǽǴʥȥ
ǽǴʥâҫޱȵĽɫԣӶսһ
һɲ֮䣬˫ͽֳǧΣֲޱȽɫԣܹվһеɫ໥֯𶯡
ǽ岻̫Ԩ֮һǽǴʥϱǿֲޱȵâϴ̴ȴӲƾǽɫǵס
ǴʥԡѪеʥɱҵġǽµһɱҵģȶǽһܹŴ뿪ȻǽҲԻὫʬΡ
ǽķȻǽƾһˣҪɱ㣬ûô򵥡ϧģֹһ
һЦĬģһָǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱֱӿǽǴʥһˢ
ǽǴʥɫҫӲĵֵסʱĳˢ
һ˲䣬ʮʥڹâ΢΢һʮһɲ֮䣬˺Ѳ񷣬ǽǴʥȥ

Ǵʥɫ䣬һתطɫĹһſγһɫԲι磬ػǰ
ʮʥڵĹһǽɫĹ֮ϣӲĽǽɫĹȫɡ
ǹʧ֮ǽɫĹѾȫѺۡ
ֳ֡ꪡݺһնǽɫĹ֮ϣǽɫĹȫնѿ֮һΪ˳ƽǽǴʥֱն롣
һɺڶȻ֣ǽǴʥֱһɣǽǴʥԴ֮
ס֣ʥһ뿪Իǽһꡣ飬ҿԵʲôûз
ɺڶ֮УǴʥţһľ
ޱ飬תɰ壬ŽǴʥıԴһɾޱȵԴ̩֮֮ͨǿҲڲϵӡ
ǽǴʥɺڶ֮зҲվһߣĿżʮʥǿΧɱʥǿߡ
ʮ֮һ̺ſĿ֮һնһͷ׵ʥϣͷֱն롣
һӵϣͷֱն顣
ʮͷߵѪ⡢֮ٴɱ䣬һٽΪʿĿֲڡ


1142 ȫߵо
һͷ峤ߴһףӵо޴ɫƬǳ쾨ĵס֣ʥԸ⽵ˣԸ⳼ΪЧһǳ쾨һԸΪĸӹΪЧ
ʱͷ޴ޱȵǳ쾨ϵףͬһͷ׶Ͽɵľһ㣬˺ۣͬһ㣬ֻһ߽ɫʥŲʥԣֵЩ׵Ĺ
ֿ
ָһţӡȻǳ쾨ֱӴȥ
ͷǳ쾨һҧƾǹޱȵӡԼڣĲԼ֮ϡ
ʥԸΪЧһǧ꣡ŹҰɣҺħԳһ壬ҲԸΪĸӹΪЧ
һͨʺɫ·һɣףÿһ˺Ѳ񷣬ݻսˣɢʥʿڿֲϢĺħԳ˺ۣ
浭ˣҲܹӦ㻹ȥɣ
ɲ֮еâҫһӡ֮зɳǺħԳĴȥ
ӡһ֣·λųһǺħԳ֮ϣѹõkͬһ̫ɽ
һǧعҫع׹һֲޱȵĹ˺Ѳ񷣬۳ΪһɻͷħԳֱӺȥ
ͷħԳĵֵӡ޷ܣâӶеġհһ޾ĺ⣬عҫĺϻ֮¡
Ǻܳʥһ֮£ӲĽعҫǵĺϻֱ顣
ʮһ³ǺħԳһޱȣ춯صľâȻ֣һնǺħԳı
ǺħԳһ¸һ׶ܡ
һâնǺ׶֮ϣǺ׶նѣ˳նǺħԳ֮ϣնһɼǵѺۡ
ķӡȻ֣һӡ֮ǺħԳȥͷħԳ
һ˹ȥӵնǺħԳ֮ϣӲĽѾƣ˵ĺħԳն顣
һɺڶȻ֣ǱնĺħԳֱɣŵkıԴ֮
ǳ쾨һĻ΢΢һȻңħԳȻҲɱˣǺúݣ
ħԳһʥʿڵĿֲڣսһжʥʿڵĴڡkҲǴʥ֮£Ĵ
ħԳͶЧ澹Ȼܣֱ֮ɱֶǳ쾨жðһɺǵkͶһֻҲᱻɱ
һϰǹ壬°ǰɫ֮İʥҲʮֹϵʥԸ⽵ˣԸ⳼ΪЧǰԸΪĸӹΪЧ
κһûʥʿǿߵıӻͻᱻϵֱӴ䡣ǰʥ߾ҪūͣҲҪȥǰΪϵȥ
ֿ
һӡֱǰʥֱӴȥkһ̾ƾһӡk֮ڡ
һսջ޴󣡣
Ӧɺڶ֮ԴԴϴĽǴʥԴ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һΪɱԼkѣʧǧսˣǧȫݻ٣ǧҲҪ޸ܹʹá
һսҲ˺üʥʿԼǽǴʥԴȫ걾Դٴλɱ䣬
ǳʥţϣ
׹ʥ𣚣ϣ
ʥһǰһ
浭Ǵﱦｻҿһ
ÿһʥʿһ޴ıأӵͨ˸ѰҲıȻܷŹκһᡣ
Ŷ˿Цһ£ԼĴﱦｻǣϣ
ӴޱȵžŶ˵Ĵﱦ֮΢΢һɨûߵkΪġ֮ȪǽǸϡԼҪʥߵԴߣҰг֧˴ĶħȻ󽫵kǵĴﱦﻹ˵kǡ
Ŷ˱ϾʥʿĴڣǿһػǿߡȻҲ̫ӵkǡ
Ŷ˿Լղزûбϴһգħʱ԰澹Щм
һ㣬̺Ÿʯϣһû˾Ŷ˵ԺҪĸֿʯǶҪ߾ȫΪռȻҲħ֧ǵıꡣ
ǽ硢ʿսħ֧Χ֮ڣŸóԼ⣬ÿһ춼ջħһתҲħȱľħ
Ŷ˹ǣϣ
öࡾ֮ȪǴʥıء
ʥߵĴռһɨʱ۾һг˷ܡ
ǼʥߵĴռ֮ڣֻʮ֮ȪǽǴʥĴﱦ֮Уӵʮ֮Ȫ
֮⣬ЩʥߡǴʥĴռ֮УޱȵĵرĵرҲֻ˵֣ǵһμмۼرƲϡ
̫Ԩǽ屾һ֮ڣһյյơЩƶǰصطƶɣƵ˻ţƾͲϨһϨζȥ
ͬʱԶȥֻҪǻƻû飬ͻû»Ļᡣ
ǻƵޱȣֻнʿϵǿߣ츳Ϊţܹӵһյ
¡
֮ڣȻһֲıըһյֱӱըķѡ
ʥȻɱҽĽʥӣҽƲ
һɫĹâҫǽʥһ³⹬֮ڣһĿյƣһ춯صŭХ֮
¡
ڶյʥߵĻһըѿŽһʥ䡣
ʥӷŭʥǴʥԻὫιǣң
κһʥʿһĵ̣ÿһʥߣ·ڽʥдһ
¡¡¡
һ֮УһŽʥߵĻֱըѡ
ôܣнǴʥڣkô䣿
ʥһĻɫԽԽףŲ֮ɫ絶ʣһɿ־Ȼ
¡
һ쳹ܲıը֮ǴŽǴʥĻҲһըѿʾǽһǿ߽Ǵʥʽ䣬ĿܶûС
ʥɫ԰ףſ־֮ɫеܣǴʥôܻܣܣkˣôܻ̫Ԩ򣬻ʲôܹɱ˵k
Ǵʥˣ
죬ǻƵľ죬ʥĻǴʥˣ
ôǴʥô䣿

ǽǿǿֲıը֮һĨ֮ɫʧе


1143 ķ
ħԳһڵĺɽһԳʥĵڤڤķ֮֮һըѿһƬ˷ɢȥ
Գʥˣ
ôܣԳʥô䣡

Ǻɽ֮УһħԳžֺ֮ɫһ˶Ļ̻̣޾Ŀ־֮С
Գʥ䣬ζźħԳһ彫һϵһ±䣬һûʥػµ壬ֻܹΪǿĸӹԳʥ°ԵޱȣʥߡǺħԳһʱп֮
һڵħɽ֮Уһͬһͼһѣһʥ߼ɽ֮
ʥˣ
ôkô䣿
ôʥ׷ɱһʥô䣿kǲǻŽʥ𣿡

ħɽ֮Уһͷͷ峤ߴסǧס׵ľ߷׷״ӳѨ֮ӿĿ⾪ޱȵĿͼڣж˾ֺ֮ɫ
ʧȥʥߵıӻЩȫпΪеʳ
̫Ԩڣһһ֮дجģһʥʿǿߵһ̫Ԩǡ
ǴʥˣôkǷھ̫ԨĽǵ壡
ôʥ߾Ȼˣ
ǰɲ֮ڵ׷ʲô
ôһʥʿôǿᣬôܿǽ徫Լkһѣ
ʥô˿ֲ
֮ڵ׷ʲô

һעսµʥŲ֮ɫһĿⶼ˰ɲ֮ϡ
ַâԶҫ̫ԨǵʥʿǿǶʩչ˷ͼɲǵʵ
ֻױ鲼ɲǣһκηֻܹӵһƬŨָ浽׷ʲô
޾ŨȻֿһֻӴޱȵǼʽӴӰɲֱ֮գ̫ԨǷֱӷȥ
ʲô
ʥҪ̫Ԩǿս𣿡
ѵʥһ˾Ҫ̫Ԩ弤ս𣿡
ҲûܣǴʥС̫Ԩ֮ڣмǵkĶ֣

һʥʮ־ĶһֻӴޱȵĻеӣ˲²⡣
̫Ԩ֮ϣһ伶㣬ʼٻڸǿߣһ׼ӦԱ
̫Ԩҫ
վҫ֮һĨɫʥŽˣôһҲûзӦҫҪû׼ֻ»һǴʥʥǸ˵СǸ˷ֻĻ弤ս
ҫһЦ˵ģȫܣȻܹߵһԲǴˡ·ӵкɨ̫ԨԾԵɨ̫ԨܹɱǴʥӦڰɲЩáǰԲȫ濪սѰ·
嶼ǵǿޱȣӵеۼرѹ˵Ķϵ塣ǰۼǿ߹һһսʤҲδ֪֮
ǽǵеһǿ߽ǴʥԼʥʿԪˣȴȻ̫Ԩ֮һλ޷
ҫȻʮֵ˿ûнϡ
̫Ԩƺ
޾ӵòŮɫʥ棬֮һޱȵӡ֮пȥᴩ룬һֻϽӽŵӴ󽢶ӡ
Ů֮йâ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺չʾ⣬ҫ𣿴ȫ߽徫Լkѵҫһƻļһ
̫Ԩ֮УͬΣ˾޴ĳޡ
ԪˣȻֻҲûһԸԮ֡
һֻӴޱȵĽһ̫ͣԨΧʮ֮⣬ǰ̫Ԩǵľ䷶Χ
ĽһԽǸ룬в̫Ԩǿ壬пһֻͬӡ
ʮ̤ն̫ԨǿһۣˣţҼʥѾһĽʥӡǴʥԼǵͳͳɱǿɸҹһս
ʥһض
ʮȻ̫ԨΧʮ֮⣬kȻ𶯲񷣬ͬһ̫Ԩ֮д鿪
ʥӡǴʥնɱˣ
ʥʲôˣȻƽ壿𣿡
Ǵʥǿǽǵĵһǿߣ

̫Ԩǵǿ߶һ͵ȵūҲ֪ǵڱƣҽ֮ǱǿʥߡʵǿĴʥѾ䡣ǲݵ
ʥ̫ˣΪܹκε𣿾Ȼ˵أ̫Ԩϡ
һâ΢΢һʥһͶӰȻ̫ԨΧĶλڽӺ֮е콢֮ϡ
콢ˣһŽ̻ԻͣǶ챦ĴǺ֮ϣ§꣬Žʥ
浭Ҷ̫Ԩ塢ҫ岢޶⡣ǰǽǵ塣ʥȻѾ𣬻Ǿ˵ĺáǰɲǣڰɲ֮ھһսΣ
ʥһɲǵ֣΢΢һ飬ɭޱȵɱʥΪڰɲ֮壬ܹǡǽǵΪУĴǽǵԻ㲻ݣ
һƬǳ֮ɵǳ֮һߴʮףԳһƬռİɫɽҲ̫Ԩ֮зɳڵķ
ǳ쾨塢壬Ǿұǽ壡ʥӦͽ
ʥһĻʱ˹һĨŭɫ
ǵۼرħǡȻɳſֲޱȵĲͷ鼶Ǿ޹ϬȻǳ֮ɫɽȥ
ϡס֮ӡҫһеġꪡʮѿգ鼶Ǿ޹ϬֱӺȥ
ͷǾ޹Ϭ̤һſɫ̫֮ϣһſɫֱ̫̤顣
šʥ߻һһûǳ֮ɫɽ֮ڡ
ǳ֮ɫɽʥ߹λһ֮Ǿš˴ʥ֮
ǴʥĿֲ֮£ǳ֮ɫɽ⣬һ·սȺ֮ڡ
ʥԺ棡
ЦһӴޱȵĽֱתͷǳ֮ɫɽĹ֮£ǿֱӷȥ
ʥҾҪɱ㣡ҾҪʬΣ
ʥıӰ˫۳죬һ춯صŭХ֮ȴûи׷Ѿ޷ʧʥһʥ䣬ıҲ޷ס


1144 ʥͷ
ǹܲҲΪµĸĸǡ
ǲǵĸ֮У洦ɼһͷӡūӡǣ֮ҲūеȦ
Կһľ׮֮ϣһ࣬·һ˼
ΧռһҫһֻӴޱȵĽӴ֮зɳٵ˲ǡ
ʲôˣǹĸǣʥʥ
һӴޱȵʥոմǲ֮дһ̱㴫һ𺧵
콢֮ϣ§꣬Ŀǲǿһۣӻ֡
ʥڴ콢֮ȻâһŵشʥǿߵĿֲ˺ѲŹʥءһߴףͨɵʥɽȥ
һɲ֮䣬ʥɽ֮и֣һ޴ޱȣķȻ֡
ǾŵʥڵĹһķ֮ϣӲĽǷֱӺ飬ֲޱȵĹ˲佫ǿߺɷɻҡ
ǽ֮Уսĸڿڴ򿪣Ĺͬһ·ȥ
һֻֻǿǴĹ֮£һֱӱ䱬ըѿҽ
ѣͬĩսһ㣬ǿ䡣
ʥ㾹Ȼһҹʥء͸ȥ
һףӡһʥߴֳ̤֮ʥ޾С˫۳޵ĵ棬նȥ
ǿӰǹһʥ֣߱ɢһɴʥĿֲŻһеܣնȥ
ϡסâҫֳ֡ꪡֱһնһ֮ϣʮȻ֣̺Żһеڡ޾С֮ϡ
ʮѹؽǡ޾СǿӰͳͳ飬һꪴǹʥϣǹʥֱӹᴩ֮д䣬˵ϡ
ǹ˱һɱ˴룬һڱӴĽӾ׼ޱȵɱš
ǹʥȻ޷һ濹⡣
콢Ĵ·Ĳǵ壬ҲûдڵıҪͳͳɱˣ
ǣϣ
šԹɡʥ΢΢һȴӦ΢΢һΣſֲޱȵʥֱӽٲǡ
һֻӴޱȵĽ֮УսͬˮһɳŲӿȥ
ǻе֮еĹ嶼ͳͳն飬궼ɱǻе֮ڡ
ס֣ʥҹԸ齵ʥסְɣ
һʿ
̫ˣѾŭˡ˵Ҫһ壬һ塣
һɺڶȻ֣һ½ǹʥֱɣŵkԴ

ǹ˫۳죬һ·һŭ
һӰ΢΢һʿ׻ӵնǹߵϣ˲佫ǹնƬ
һâǲ֮зɳȻǿֲĻеһݻ٣һѡ
úݣʥҪһȫ壬һ
ĺ˼㡣ʥһˣ
ѾһֻҹˡĹ̫Ԩ֮ϰʥˣkҪ嶼ȫ
ô죿ҪҪԸ
ԸǴʥɱˡǳʥ׹ʥҲͶ˵kkѾ֮еĽ塣ôԸ

һ֮𵴣Щʥǿ澹Ȼȫ˲ǣͬʱų˻еţȻҪȫж΢΢һ
̫Ԩ֮Уһ㶼ϵ屻ֻӵвɻѪһŻһϾɱء
콢֮ϣĿЦЦ֮΢΢һɨĿ֮һʥߵ׷˱ܣӡ
֮΢΢һŤҫ֮߳ʥʿǿߡ
ҫ΢΢һҫǿռʥ
Ҳһҫã֪˴ǰкιɣ
˾һߣҾһɡ
ҫҫһǿľʥߣҲҫϣΪʥţûгͻҲԸóȻ˴С
ҫǰΪ롣ʥɷŹkǣõkǴӲ֮뿪
ʥߵĿҲϳڴ
浭Уû
ǿ΢΢һЦ֪İ£ҹĵһλҹػҹʥˣΪ֮һΣ
ҹʥʥ
һŹǣĿ࣬òףɢһŮͨɱʵҹʥǰһ
ͬ꺮ɱҹǽ嵱ɹǺô磬뱻岻ɣ
ҹʥʱ亹ֱг˿־塣
·Ĳ֮Уǹı壬Щ뿪ĸǿ֮⣬ǲ֮еĹֻ»ᱻɱøɸɾһ
ȻҹʥһʥߣˣȻо־塣
ҹʥʮֹϵǵǸСһ˵Ը⽫ľ彻׸ʥƾʥáͬʱҹ廹Ը֮ȪʥϢŭ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ҹʥʶʱ񣬷ŵ̬ЩôϾԵ޹ʾһ壬γ̫ԨĹС
䵭ǿҸһӡҹʥ˸ղŵ֮⣬ҹΧ֮ڵͳͳңˣκλҾһ壡
ҹʥһնǣʥ
һźɫʥǰһ湧ʥǺڳʥߣҺڳСӺڳ˴ˣˡҺڳԸ⽫ڳϣ֮Ȫ׸ˣȻΧ֮ͳͳˣ
浭ţǿյϣĳŵ¾͵Ϊֹ
ڳʥҲһлˣ
ʥҲ׷ǰΪԼСĻƵǸ³ŵҪ彻ظ档
Щʥ߶һػ񣬵λޱȣܸһʥߵǸʵ̫׺ݣ塣նɱǴʥƽ壬ӲĽһռɱһ
ǹʥ߼һ֮ҲסһľˣЩʥҲ֮ΪУвǿ֮


1145 ӭ
̫ԨȥҲܣʥȻ̫Ԩô壬Ͳµ塣Ҹһµʱ׼еͳͳ͵ɲǣȥ飬һʹԻһǰǵϳڲȥԺҲһȥϳʱ˭ӣҶ
콢֮ϣĿ磬֮УƬ֮𵴣ڤڤ֮£ûЩߵʥ֮С
ðԵ
ʥ̫Եˣ
kȻҪһǸ

֮УһʥвĻһǲȻŭоܵƣȻǹ³һһʼȨס
ǿյȵ淢֮󣬲΢΢һЦʥʮ󣬿ɷ̫Ԩǣɽһۣ
ЦЦĿǿһ۵ǵеĹϵ̫ԨǣͶأ
ǿЦʥ˵ЦˣʥʵֻҪǵĽأkסҫ塢ֱ֤İȫǽǵҶ֣Ի֣kѹ
浭ãҾ͸һӣȥһξɽ
ɽ̫֮Ԩֵʢᡣ
ʱû̫ԨΪУôҲμʢᣬʢ֮ȡԼ档
ôǾȸˣ
ǿ΢΢һЦ΢΢һΣλʥһͬԭʧ
ĸСʱ֮ǹѾ
ǽ֮Уһֱӷɳͬһ׹䵽˲֮ڡ
Щһϣͬӵһһʼ
Ĺ̻˴Ǳ֮ӿʼɼŲ֮еĸԴ
ЩʬҲЩ̻ռ䵱ƸսĲϡ
һսջ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݣ徹Ȼ֮ȪĿ棬㲻
г֮Ȫ⣬ƵۼرϣϡԴ
ǹ֮еԴٴһֻģǧϵսˡ֮⣬ǲ֮ҲӵԴԴԴϵսˡ
Щϧһ̾ϧǿ̫˵㣡ҪһƹȥߴֱӲƽǸöá
ǿʱǡôʱ٣޷ߴ壬Լμ
û˽ڣҲ޷пսͻΪ̫ԨĹС
֮ߴ㰴ԼԼµԴԴϵŰɲȥ
潫Щ½ԼԪɽ߲㴦Լǰ̫Ԩǡ
һ̫ͨԨǵս֮С
һɳ̲֮ϣһ̲Եɹ̫⣬˫΢΢ţһܡ
ʮͬһһ㾲վ
ĻԸе˼ľ˴һɫӾװߣͬһŮһ㽫һſųʵã͵ĿС
ԴӼʶǿֲףѹһУնʥߵľ֮󣬶ȱ㽫ԼǵС˼ȫȫȫ̷档
ȣôһ壿
һһһͷϳֻǣһ߲Ӿװ¶ƬСɫͬԸл𱬣ֻȶ԰һĴŮ
һϲӭȥһѱסǸŮЦȣ㣡㲻ǰʥսôôͻˣ
΢ЦǱʥԣսϢܲʥߵĽһ¾ͳ˼ʮΡǱ߾̫աλҪѡȵ΢ƽһ㣬ٻȥ
ʥ֮½ϡʥʿǿ֮Ľս溣ǿ߱ನУҲֱӻɻҡ
ȲʿĴڣʮ֪֮ѡ˻
ȽļŶȽܵȣΪһ£⼸λҵĺѡǼǣŮǴ³ĵڶӡīѣ޹һ˳λļ̳ˡ
һ𷢱ۣĸԸоף޸߹ľŮòʱʤһ
³һĿ࣬һβͣЩªӡ
īһһͷɫ̷òףʳһɰľӡ
ڽʱ򣬳һ˲ǺãǶȣһλǡ
ĵĽֱ§˻еҽ棬Ƕȵˣ
֮ȾĨΡ
һĨ֮ɫȲϲŮôǸһֵӣ
壡
³һЦһĨмĿڶϣ֮ɫ
³ȣҺϲȣҡ
ȳһ³Ѿˡ
³һ壬ô϶ȡңŻҸ֣Ǹ֪ѶˡĺϲҵõҾͽɽħ͸㡣
۾һãһΪ
һкܿȽ̸ǶܹߵȽˣҲǶȵѡȻûпڳ໰ȴͨصķʽԼı¶СȦӶľܾ
Ҳо˰һжԼų⣬ЩżǰһнֻĮԴ棬Ҳ޷˵ʲô
һսܿ㽵ٵ̫ԨǵһǸ֮ڡ
߿ʥˣʥǰ̫ԨǵʱҾĵΣʲôԸԶ˵
һս֮иոһĻԸУһɫ£ȫ͹ԳʳվǵҫŮЦӯӯӭһ
߿ŶʮԸŮÿһ߷ˣޱȡ
֮һĨ֮ɫһλҫС߿ȻǰӭӡȻǿʥߡ
Ǹʥ߶һ嶥㣬ײβĴڡֻЩʥ鼶Ĵڣܹkǡ
ڶ̫Ԩǹ˵ҫС߿Ѿ˲ĴǵĸҪҵ
ֻܹԶԶĴﾹȻǰӭӣöʮּȿһʥΪū͸Ӽ˷ܡ
ɨ߿һ۵ţ
ȼһĻĿɿڴҫС߿Ȼӭ棡ʥʲôˣһʥߣҲҫСӭӣ


1146 
³Ķ׵߿֮ɫ߿ҫСҲҫһɫ飡ôӭࣿʥѵһʥߣ
ҫ̫Ԩ֮һ֧̫Ԩ塣߿ҫһɫţ̫ԨһʮŮ֮ףҲѾ溣ǿܾ֮ҫµĳ谮һͨʥߵλҲ֮ƽ
߿ĵλһ仰ܹȡ³ļֱӴ䳾һ御Ҫ³򡢰Ĵڣĸ߹ھȻӭ棬ǵг𺧡
ʥʲôˣ
īҲκˣϢֿ̫Ԩһ鱨̳Ѱʥ鱨
һͽɲ֮ѹնɱʥߡ̫Ԩ֮նɱʥӡڰɲնɱǴʥԼ塢ѶʥߡȻˣ
īһ鱨ʱͷƤ飬棬һɺĵֱӿ
޸߹ļ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ
īɨߵļʮһۣ˼ǧҲһʥߣȻԸΪͣʥߵūͣҲֻЩԵ˲Ż
κһʥʿĴڶһػһĵ̡ʿʵۼǿҲkǡҲֻԵİˣŻһУʥߵūͣʹ
ǿߵĶһۣ֮һĨĽ֮ɫʥȾȻܹΪkŮˣǺø
ǺСӱ
ǳС񣡡

ҫС߿
ʲôｵٴ˵أȻи幫ǰӭӣѵһʥٴ˵أ
Ǹ֮УЩս֮£̫ԨǵĹǿ߿ԼŵЩŮӣһĿɿڴ𺧡
߿ЩŮȻλԶԶȲȴҲǸĹŮκһ̫ԨǶܵ׷ŮȴһӭһˣЩ̫ԨǵĹǶг𺧡
ʥѵǸնɱ˽Ǵʥƽǵʥߣ
ʥǸѵǴ˵֮еʥ

Щ̫ԨǵĹǺȻʲôɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀһ¼ϣ˼г˼ɵη塣
߿ĿŰȼ΢΢һɨʵʥˣ⼸λǣ
浭Ƽˮˣ
ȼԼų⣬ȻʮȻС·УȴҲԸЩ˴ϵõô
Ŀǰĵλһ仰Ϳðȵǰ;һƬ嶼Ϊ֮١ҲһԽǴ޷
ȼжʱ¶һ˿ʧͰû֮ɫԼһԵ
߿ѩһ֮⣬Ц⣬΢΢һ⼸˿ССĵʥҸǵСѵ
ʥˣ
߿һӣһ߲ħ̺Ȼɳһ߲ʺţţ˱ǣ
߲ħ̺һʥرݣмʥҩ溣ǿ߳棬Ҳ泩Ϊ
浭ȻһЦŶֱ̤߲ħ̺
߿֮ŮҲһĨ磬̤߲ħ̺
߲ħ̺â΢΢һһɫʺ磬ᴩգžɽķȥ
ȼ˿߲ħ̺һĨں֮ɫ֮ǰûų棬ֻѾһ죬߲ħ̺߿֮Ůύ
ɽ̫ԨΪɽʥ֮һʥ֮ߴһףֱƣ鲼ҩ
ǾɽԲﶼǽأʥ֮⣬̫ԨǵҲ޷ڡ
ͣ
һ£߲ħֱ̺ͣ˾ɽԵ
˫֮ӡҫһӴޱȵͬˮһӿǾɽڿǾɽʵ
ĿǰʵǴʥǿҪɱʮѡǵ塢塢ҫߵϳҲҽ룬вͻᱻѹ档
Ǿɽʥۻ֮أҲԪءħΪܼڡһﲼ¾ɱҪҲʮѡ
߿ȻһЦʥˣɽʥۻ֮أԲκص󷨡ʥΣôǰ˵ؾۻ᣿
ʥʿǿÿһһػҲһϣյء
ɽʥۻ֮أȻҲ̫ǿɱ磬һʥǰ
ʩչʮַ⣬ȷǾɽûκ쳣֮ŽС
ʥˣ
һɽҫǿձӭ˹ˬһЦ
΢΢ףʥ
ǿձ̫ԨںպʥҲҫĽ
ǿĽԵļɫʥ߽ܸ棺⼸λҫʥߣҲҵĺѡΪһ¡һλһһλ顢һλ߷ɺ
һ߷ɺòޱȣӵʥʿΪӡһòףʳ绪ӵʥʿΪľˡ
߿ų̫ԨǵһˣȣȴȻȱһɳʥ߽ʡ
ʥ
ҫȻҲǲ֪֮ˣȻͬ
ǿպˬһЦȻ̫ԨǣҫĿˣҺúд㡣
һʢޱȵܿٿ
֮ϣ߿ӱޱȵ֮Ůֻܹ䵱Ůڳλʥߡ
ƶɵľ֮ϣ˸ɵʼȣͨ˳һʶԻ÷츲صɱ䣬κһװ˵Ҳرӵַ˼ĳ֮
ƹѲ
ǿյ棬һΣʥ߾ۻᣬʲô뷨
΢΢һЦɲǡǡǡľǡӼӴǡNҶǡ־ڱصá
˰ɲǡ֮⣬Ŀǽ帽ռݵӵзḻޱȵԴԵʥʿǿߡ
ǿĿ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цãҫض֧㡣
ҫϵӡһʮзִ磬ҪĿ򣬻ҫ̵ĵ֮ڡǿΪǿװԵӣҪһҪʮϵĻҫҲȥ
ǿյʥǴǰİɣ
һڴĿһ¼ϣҫļǿ߶˺档
û


1147 ʥƼ
ǿһصԤ֮Уһ֮·һοҲ֮ʼǱߵ׷ʲô쳣ʥΪǽ󡣡
֮·ǿƣӵַ˵֮ۼĿֲǿߡͬоͨԤ壬ȻҲٵĴڡ
ҫʥĿҲϣ˺档
һӵߡʮʿʵΪǵѾʼ档
ߣʮʿʵۣ
һڳ˶ɫ䣬ž֮ɫ
һʿʵۼǿ߾ʱԺѹһѹλ档ǹ澹Ȼӵʮʿʵۼǿߣӵߣֱ˾
κһֻҪܹڽʿ磬ܹһ֮ѹ棬еˣʥʿڵkǰҲͬϡ
ǿտЦĩ٣Ǽѵ˾
浭ĩټΣҲǻᣡҲеΣΨһĻᡣ
ʿޱȵʷ֮Уžޣǿ޵еĴڡԴʱȥ֮󣬾Ҳûеһߡ
Ҫԭ֮һܼߣԴԵһߡ
٣ʿ໥̲ضἤǱһǿߡҲЩʿʵΨһԽĻᡣ
֮ÿһٵʱǶ۷壬ûһںƽʱ޶ɡ
ǿ΢΢һ̾㣿ǽ׵ߣͲ֪Ҫٴδսʥ飡
ҫʥҲ΢΢һ̾ݡ
κһʿʵۼǿ߶̤ʥߵʬǵǶ۷塣ɰ壬ʥߵıԴҲ֮ʥڡ
һʱʿʵ۵λñضǿᣬΪһʱʿʵ۵ǿ߱ضܵľˣЩӳ֮ѵʿʵۼǿ߸һֻᡣ
ǿյʥ˵ħԨ۹
ħԨ۹ĪħԨ칬
ħԨʿʱһ޵аʿʵۣѹһ޵СڵkǶλ֮նɱʿʵۼǿߡ
ǿյûѾҵħԨ۹䣬һħԨ۹ͻʱ̽ѰħԨ۹Σ
һŵã

󣬾ɽɽۡ
ǣһʥ߾ۻᣬܹΪŮҶ˾ţ֮ǿǧܹκһʥߣһЩʥ߷ŭǣǵļҲܵǣ
һƫ֮ڣվòʳŮÿһŮӵҫʿϵΪѪͳ߹ޱȡһòΪĽŮѵ
һò죬ͬһ͸ˮҰĽŮɽܹ֮һޱҲһ溣ǿߡ
ǡȺȻУΪһͨŮڡ
ʥ߾ۻᣬҲֻиŮʸΪһͨŮǸҲͷҪԼеĹŮ׳䵱Ůһһʥ߿УһҲἦȮ죬þ޴ޱȵҫ͵λ˸ǡ
ǵȹŮǹǣޱˣˡ
߿˵Ƭ𣺡ޱʱ쵽ˣλʥ߼٣찲źá
ޱǣС
ȥ°ɣ
ޱһ䣬㽫ǵȹŮɽʥ
ɽɽ۵ʥʮǳǳŨޱȵǳ֮ŷԲħܣ߲ϼҫˣȴۡ
ǵȹŮһ̤ʥ㱻ǳ֮壬ͨ泩ΪҲڲϵ
֮ʥȻʥءǴڴ˵ǧ꣬ҶȻͻƣ溣֮
īѣ
Ŀ΢΢һɨ㿴һȺ׵Ҳһ룬һīѡ
ʥ֮УҲӵŮʥߣЩ׵רŸŮʥߡ
īѼǡҲһĨϲɫȴĬͬͨһ㾲վԼλá
ʥ߾ۻᣬǡī̫ԨǵĹʥߵǰҲͬϣСġ
¡¡
һ֮֮ƹһͷǧ׵ĳʥһƽս֮߳߷
ǻƽս֮Уһһʨͷ­°ȴһ㣬ӡʥߡ
һɺޱߣǺĿֲѹ˷ϯѹ·ļǵߺ΢΢һͣ岻ϲ־塣
ɫ䣺ʥ֮ѹԿ⡣
ī岻Ĳȴ֮ɫʥߣīһ죬ҲΪʥߣ
һ޴𣺡ǧʥ߼ݵ
ǿֲޱȵʥѹʨͷ­ǧʥߴ֮һ£̤ʥ¡
һ졢ơֹâ֯γɵϼԶϼ֮Уһϼ£ףʳŮʥߴϼ֮һ
ϼʥݵ
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侹ȻŮӣ
ϼʥһ̤ʥЩǶһ׻ڸϼʥǻǵһμ˵Ů
ʥ߼ݵ
ʯʥ߼ݵ

һ޴һһʥ߻ʥ֮ڡ
ʥеķ·һʯͷеһ۲ɢ̡еľһŲһĴڣЩ̫ԨǵĹһ۽硣Щȴκε֮ķλʥߡ
Щʥʲô̬ڣһ仰ܹЩ̫ԨǵĹߴ
ЩʥһʥγһСȦӣչϵԶг̸ʥҲǸػ񣬲ڱչǺѰͻƵĻԵܹһʥۻҲǵkǽĺûᡣ
Ůݵ
һʥ֮У֮ڶʱһƬž
֮ŮŮһ̤˴֮ڣͬһ߸ϵŮâɣϼʥŮʥĹâѹƵ١
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֮ڣ֮һʥŮһ
Ů̫ԨɫţҲ彫ƿߣʺ硣ֻҪгʱȫԽ״ʥ
ѵʥȻҶŮκε
ǿǹâɵŮ֮һĨĽ֮ɫʥҽҲܹôһͺˡ
Ů΢΢ףֱߵһĸϯλĽɫ֮¡
ʥӼݵ
һһò½ѡĽʥҲ֮ڡ


1148 һǧֻ̫Ϧ
ʥһʥ֮󣬽ֻʥǰkһŮȣѷɫ̫ࡣ
εĽʥޱֱ̤Ǹ̨һλá
ǵޱȣʵǿĽǴʥ츳ǿԭʥӣȻ̫Ԩλá
һĿǽʥӵ΢΢һɨȻֱ
̫Ԩ֮г֮⣬вǿ壬еӵдʥǿЩǿ嶼ĵλһǵ˥䣬Щͻȥǵ˺顣
ʥʥݵ
һ
ʥ
kҲˣ
ʥkҲˣ

ʥ֮ڣʥϢһ󲨶һ˿˿ֲĲʥѹȵЩǼ
һĿⶼĶʥڡ
һĨ𺳣ʥkȻӡֱľʥߡ
ʥߵע֮Уǿһ̤ͬʥֱߣȴһɫˣԸоסǼʮͬһʵһ㣬ĸš
ʥѵҪʥ𣿡
֣̫Ԩܵ

ЩʥһĨ֮ɫ
Ůü΢΢һ壬˳֮С
ʥĶ棬ɭޱȵɱ
һʥüʥߡҲͬ˲أѾΪ׵Ĵڣвᱻλ¡˫Ѿ˲ݵ
ʥ
Ǵ֮֮һʥҲǿһ
֮һʥҲҫĸӹѡ
ʥ֮ڣʥĿ⼯ϣĿ˼ɵͶ⡣
ߣ
һĿЩɵʥĿһɨһɿֲޱȵɱ̶Ǽʥϯȥ
Ǽʥһɫ䣬ʹͷ˶ӡѾȫ壬նɱ˳ȥļǿ֮⣬ȫˣЩʥ߿ɲ֮ΪС
֮ҫðԵʥ
ʥߵע֮£ǿһ̤ͬǸ̨¡
νʥɫһȵţʥλֻ̫Ԩʸ£ʲôʸҵͬУ
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ɽȻֹ˽ʥ֮˽ԹҲȥǿյʥս֮ɱ
½ʥɫ䣬һĬ
½ʥǽһʥ߽׶ɣkʵǱԶԶԭĽʥӡԭĽʥӶɣµĽʥȻһս
ǿյһΣɽۻᣬΪ˽̫Ԩ֮ì硣ʲôԳԡ
ɲǡǡǡľǡӼӴǡNҶǳӽ𣬾ʥΧǡľǡӼӴǡNҶǵˣҹȥ򣬾ͳͳȥ˭ԣ
浭˵һ䣬˫絶ƽޱȵڳʥһɨ
Ŀ֮ʥ߷׷׵ʹͷ֮ӡ
½ʥҷԣĿǳҽǵ帽ƾʲô㣿
ǿ΢΢һЦͬ⣬ʥȻܹǽ壬ӵ㹻ǿʵȻҲӦӵ֮ƥءҫΪkҪʮֺ
ûʥҪʮֺ

ǿһڣڳҫԼӹʥǷ׷׿ڸ͵
½ʥĿһ޾ף绪ŮϣŮô
ŮʥէһھҪǳʵ̫ˡԽɲǡǡǳǳһǧ֮ڣƽΣ
һĿⶼϡ
һǧ̫ãֻϦǳѾҵ֮ǲǾս
浭һЦָһһޱȵĹâȻʥ֮ڸ֣γĸ޴ޱȵĹĻ
ĸ޴ޱȵĹĻ֮ϣֱʾŵǡľǡӼӴǡNҶĿǳľ
ֻĿǳǿһ˿˿ҫֻӴޱȵĽȻ֡
һɲ֮䣬ĹͬһĿǳֱӺȥ
ǿֲĹ֮£Ŀǳͬĩһ㣬ɽѣл
ʥڹâҫĿǳ֮һǿϳֱӱɻҽ
սˡսɻͬˮһ㣬ӿĿǳ֮ϡ
ʥ°ʥǽҪ壡
һֲޱȵĿǳ֮𶯡
ܾԸ
ҹԸΪʥЧ
ס֣ҴķԸԸΪʥߣ

ûãĿǳ֮ж뽵֮
ʥ֮ڣһʥ߼һĻɫʮѿг𾪡
ǽʥӡŮɫѿޱȣ·˺ݺݵһơ
΢΢һЦĿǳ徹ȻҡҲֻܹΪѣӦkǵ󣬽k¡
ʥĬһﲻ
īĶ棬֮ɫǰԵɷǣ
ɭһЦͱ˵ҴֻҪĿǳ͹ˣȻɽʥ߾ۻᣬͱȥʲôǡǣǳҿˣӽǾˡŮΣ
Ůһͬǳ֮Уɭޱȵɱ
ǡǳĸǡŮǳ棬ȻὫĴʧǲǳҲԲưոݡ
һԵ½ʥҲ¶һֻЦݣ̬ķչ
ʥԼʥǶһŭޱȵĿ棬֪ŮղŻı
ŮȻһЦղҿǷ׵ˣʥȷʵӦӵԼʵƥءǡǳ帽ĸǣʵ޷áʥһӣѡӼǡǡΣ
Ȼ棬ŮεȾȻҲԸ˴Уһ½Ųֱ׳
ǳʥǶʱɫ䡣
΢΢һЦãȻŮˣҾ͸һӡ
һھҪ˾ſǳһ壬ǰԵ˭ĵ֮·Ұ
һԵޱȵһʥ۷ĿֲϢ֮д


1149 նɱս𾦻ʥ
һͷлƣĿߴɢһɰԵϢʥ̤߰ն£ʥһ
ս𾦻ʥkôˣkǰ𣿡
kǰ̫龦һôˣ

ʥ֮ڣЩʥǿһʥߣɫ΢΢һ䣬ͬʱĿһ㿴һʥǿ֮УȻս𾦻ʥһͬǰĴʥ
ǿն֮һɢһɰԵϢʥ߻ս𾦻ʥ̫Ԩǧǰɫţͬ޵УնɱʥߡɱһŮʥ׷ɱ򣬰̫龦һ塣
֮·֮Уǿ屻֮Ϊ塣֮е֮еǿǱ֮Ϊ塣
ЩҪߵѪҪʹط壬սޱȣԶͬǿߡ
塢塢ҫų̫Ԩ壬ǱʵΪ޴ҫ֮Ҳֻʥǿ֮УûһĴʥǿߵھ
ս𾦻ʥԱߵ֮УվŶˡһӵһͷĺɫһ£Өɢһı⣬ĳʻƽվʳǵľˡһһͷ֮ϳֻƽǣʳò˼㣬һŮͨɱľӡ
ս𾦻ʥԵĶ˶ɢһɸ߸ϵʣͬһ߽ʥ
Ůһս𾦻ʥ֮бӿһ˿˿ɱ
ս𾦻ʥƺս𾦻ʥѾͶ̫龦һ壬񣬶һдʥšŮҲ޷κε˵k
֮·ʥһ壬Ȼ̫ԨҰǺôĹүү£үүūͣҿһ򣬽ļգ
ս𾦻ʥÿ̤һնΪ֮Ťʥ۷Ĳʥ˷ϯȥ
ս𾦻ʥĲʥѹ֮£ЩǶһɫ䣬ʮѡ
ʥһŭѣͿ̿
Ϊûдﵽ溣֮ǻ壬ʥ鼶ǿѹ֮£᱾ܵĿ־޷
֮ҲһĨ־𺧣ʥߣֲ̫ˣ
˵ս𾦻ʥ⣬һȻ٣
ҿkҪնɱʥ̫Ԩ֮
ʥһǰ˵أ뿪ǲ֪ʲôϳֻˣ

ʥ֮ڣһʥ߼һĻ¶ֻ
ղŰԵޱȣѹʥƵŮΪ֮֡ڳһҪԵս𾦻ʥȻʥڵʥֻ
㾹Ȼңôɣ
һꪡֱӳУ˺Ѳ񷣬˲䱬һɿֲޱȵĲʮѿգ̺޾Ŀֲɱ⣬ս𾦻ʥֱӴȥ
ۼر
ս𾦻ʥɫ䣬һſѪһ£һƽŶȻ֣ݻΪһ磬ڵkǰ
һ֮Уʮڻǿߣʮڻǿ߷׷ģγһɣγһߴʮĻƽ硣
ǡꪡɫâһնʮƽ֮ϣͬһ㽫ʮƽһп
ÿпһƽ磬һڻǿըѣѪ
ʮƽ֮ʮڻǿ߶Ѿȫ
һɫâȥƲս𾦻ʥһնս𾦻ʥֱһΪ
һɺڶȻ֣ս𾦻ʥֱУŵkԴ
һ֮ǰһս𾦻ʥʥԴȡŤʹĻһ߸ʬת
ײУʥ
̫ˣһˣ

ʥ֮ڣʥ߼һĻĿɿڴ֮ɫս𾦻ʥҲնɱüʥߵˣΪʥҲֻһ֮ңˣһͱնɱֱš
ס֣
֮дһŭޱȵһֻɫĻצ˺Ѳ񷣬ŴʥĿֲǸɺڶֱץȥ
ϼһ㾹ȻҾͳȫ㣡
âҫһססȻ֣ӡҫͬսӶꪡһնʮѿգնǽɫĻצ֮ϣӲĽǽɫĻצնѿƬɫѪҺǻצ֮еء
̤նУһ֮УһͷӵһƣĿ࣬òӢ䣬ɢŴʥǿ߶š
ʥâڵʥս𾦻ʥ̫龦һΪУ֮䲻ݣ
ս𾦻ʥҲһǿߣӵн״ʥǱ̫龦һҲǲ׷Ĵڡ
ɨһʥĿ֮гɱҹµǸȻ⳥ʮ֮ȪҾͿԼ̡͸Ҳȥˣ
ʥȻһʥ
ǿ̫龦һĴʥ
ʥȻҵ̫龦һ壬k𣿡

ʥ֮ڣһʥգжŲ֮ɫ
ŮҲһĨâңһӣһµ˼ĺˡȻ̫龦һ嶼ԥĵﵽǿ¡ҸղûкӲӲ
̫龦һһ岻֪ǿٱȻҺԥĵ̫龦һ壬ȻҲµһ塣
֮ҲһĨ𺧣˼ǧǿһʥȻһʥ𣿡
½ʥһĨ⣺ʥ㾹Ȼҵ̫龦һ壬һˣûܹȵ㣡
ôĹһʥߣȻ´ʥơҾʹһȻγ̫Ԩ壡
´ʥ˫âҫӡ֣ʥĿֲʱ׼֡
λ̫ԨǣԳλսλƲǿգս
һɹɴʥ̫ԨǸشһƬջص
ʥ鼶ǿ֮սѣǳ
̫ԨȻԳʥ鼶ǿߵսನҲ֪ɶ䡣ЩǿȻϣڴս
ߣȥǿգ
´ʥ΢΢һΣһ뿪˵ء
浭ȻһЦһ̤ǿշȥ
Ǿɽʥ֮ڣһâҫһʥ߷׷״ʥ֮зɳǿշȥ
ǿһʥ鼶ǿһʥս̫Ԩʮ궼ûгֹһսܹ´ʥܹһԾΪ̫Ԩʥ֮µһǿߣܹʥǿƽƽ


1150 սʥ
ʥ֮һ˲տҲֻʣЩߡ
Щ̫ԨĹÿһѪͳ߹ӵҫϵΪڷиħǿߡһʥʥ֮ս֮Уನܹkɱҿʥս
ǳС߿ĸ첲΢΢һҡ㣬Ǽѵһľ֮սܹܲ취ǿ۽磿
߿ǼõĹۣҲֻܹ߿ǰ
֮еҲڴĿ⼯߿ϣǿ̫Ԩʮڴһս´ʥǲһʥն𣬻ǲһ´ʥǶʥ۷嶼̫ԨĴ¡
ã
߿ȻһЦһӣһǶһöʥ֮۵ԲȻɳ
һöʥ֮һſصӡ֣һ˿˿ֲޱȵĲʥȻᴩ񷣬һ¿ӵ˲֪ڶٹ֮ǿա
һ˿˿ʥԲ֮зɳʥս֮ϵľͶӰʥ֮ڡ
ʥʿÿһӵޱȵʵһػֻҪkתʩչطԸӦ֮ⷢһС
һöǶʥ֮۵ԲҲܹģʥʿĲܡ
ǿգʥս
â΢΢һ´ʥһƬտţûκա
һâҫʥ߱Ƭ֮Уǿǧ꣬ûнӽ
Ҳʥ֮սǱһЩʥ߽ӽһٹ֮ڣطԸžսһʥ֣߳ͻᱻΪУݡ
ʥ㾹Ȼɱ̫龦һʥߣǾ͸ȥ
´ʥâһӡֳ֣һʥرµһն
һɲ֮䣬һɿֲ׵Ŀռ֮£һıһնɱʥߵĿռ֮գնȥ
̫龦һһͿտռ䷨еٮٮ߶ܹտռ塣´ʥ̫龦һ֮еľ콾ѵһškԿռգ̫龦һ֮Ҳڶ֮С
ռ壡
Ŀ΢΢һָһţӡ֣һȷ·Խ꣬ڲͬռ֮еĿռŻȻ֡
һȹޱȵĿռ֮һռŻ֮ǰ֣򿪣ͨڤڤĿռ䡣
һռ֮նǿռ֮ڶǣڤڤռ֮ڣʧ
Ҳͨռ壿ϧ¼䣬ûܹ̫龦һƴռգ飡
´ʥâһӡ֣һͷ峤ߴһףռŤͬһִƿռ汾Դ̫龦Ȼ֡
һͷԾ£·汾Դ̫龦һ֣ſһһֲޱȵĿռ䲨Ʊ˷ɢȥ
Բշ顣
ռγɵһȿռŻҲֱӱ
նʥߵĿռ֮գնȥ
ĴʥռƿأȷʵʤҲֹһ
˫֮иֳӡĶ´ʥ̾һ䡣
̫龦һһܹտռ䷨塣ܹһƴռľǿ޼ȻǿףȴҲڴУϾkĵ·ԿռΪ
һһеɺڶȻ֣·ԽһĿֲһ±һɿֲ֮ǿռ֮ͳͳɡ
ɰ壡㾹Ȼְͨ壬Ǵľ콾ϧĴ̫龦һΪУעҪնɱڴ˵أ
´ʥɱʢӡ֣һ׻ƽսڵkϣkֱӿһԽ޾ľ룬ǰֱӻӵһն̺ռ֮Уնȥ
һͷ·̫ʱ͵̫龦Ȼ֣̽ǿ˺ǳľצֱץȥ
һ´ʥһ޵طǻ۽ᾧĪ⣬شͬ״ʥһ𲢷ǵĴʥ´ʥһնˣ궼̫龦һΪС
һã㵱ҵĥʯԿҵжǿ
治ϲһĨ֮ɫת㲻壬һʱȻ֣ߣһֿռŻȻ֣ǿռŻ֮УһǳһһеĿֲڶ
һȭʱռŻǳɺڶγһ壬һ֮һննʥľâȥ
¡
ƬնΪ֮𶯣ֲޱȵ˲䱬ըѿ
´ʥһ±ɳǧֱһѪ
ҲԼһ̺ſռ䲨Ŀֲ֮쿪һΪƬѪء
Ȼ´ʥ
ǿµĹʵʵȻԿʥ
ÿµĹǿǵĴʥԶͨʥڵĴڡȻˣ

ڳʥ鼶ǿ߼һĻɫ䣬κˡ
´ʥĴʥʵԶͬǿߡʱȻһʥڵʿˣֱš
Ůһ̾ʥȻ׺ԵʵȴһһǿᣬսͨĴʥˡ
ϼʥǻԡѪ棬֮ΣʥȻ鴫ȷʵľ콾ʥھѾԿʥֻе߲ܹ쵽
ǿһĨ֮ɫǿ£ʥ棬̫ˡ֮ѡ
ǿҲӿͷȨѡΪԼѡҡ
߿֮ΣӰ֮мҪγˮǴʥǿһĴʥȻˡ죡ʥȻӵе֮ˣ
κһʿʵۼǿ߶Ǻѹһѹλ棬ܵ峯ݵĴڡܹΪkŮˣʥʿȫ⣬ͬʱĸ£峯ݡ
ˣ
ЩʵĿ˶һۣĽܹߣ㵱һ΢ŮҲԸ⡣
ʥȫʵȻǿҳԾԽԽҪ
´ʥâһ޾ɱ⡣ھǿ󣬵ʥ֮»мĶ֣ȻѾΪУ´ʥҪ߾ȫնɱ
ӡ֣´ʥ΢΢һΣһ±ΪһͷʮףŤ·ռ̫龦
´ʥſһ磬ʮԲȻ֣»֮γһ֮ǹᴩ񷣬̺űضеȥ
һ֮ǹ´ʥʮԲ£ķ»֮ԴҲ´ʥþѪط۶ɵɱﵣɱʥ
һ֮ǹ´ʥͱһԪ


1151 ɱ´ʥ
Ҫƴ𣿺ܺãն㣡Դ춨ҵĸ
һĨ˷֮ɫǡסâҫӡ֣һſһӡĻе֮˵ڶ̬
ĦʯâҫԭĦʯ֮ӴޱȵԴԴϵӿ˳ûڡ
һӡꪡʮѿգޱȵɫڱβ񷣬أһꪴ´ʥķγɵ֮ǹϡ
һɲ֮䣬ɫסһе»໥֯
ղ𵴣һɹɿֲޱȵ籩˷ϯȥ
һɫױһɹ׵Ŀռ֮һԽһŷǳ֮ϡ
һŷǳһȼܴǳһķճɻҡ
һ»â䵽һǳ֮ϣһǳֱӱըѿ飬ա
»â֮Уһꪡ˺»ᴩգһնͷʮ׵̫龦ϡ
һŤĿռҫŤӲĽǡꪡŤƫһ˿
һֲޱȵɫâ˲䱬ͷ̫龦Ҽ硢ֱն£Ƭʥ֮Ѫǿա
һɺڶȻ֣ͷ̫龦Ҽ硢ֱɡ
´ʥһĨ־壬һ³һɿռγɵĿռ֮ſռԾԶȥ
ˣ´ʥȻˣ
ʥȻ´ʥ
ȻһĴʥ

Χ۵̫Ԩʥ߼һĻɫ䣬Ų˼֮ɫkȫû뵽澹ȻܹһʥһһĴʥ
ŮһkѾ濴üߣȴҲû뵽澹ȻܹһʥһµĹһʱľ콾ӵе֮˵Ŀֲ
ǿҲ𺧣̫ˣʥ棬һǿߣʥھͻһĴʥǿ£
Ȼܹܴʥʥʵֲ̫ˣ
ʥǿЩŴֻҲˣ

ʥ֮ڣЩ̫ԨǵĹҲ֮ɫ
ʥȻңˣ̫龦һԲŹ㣡֮ձصٱ֮
´ʥοռԾ֮󣬷ɳǧ꣬ŷһ춯صŭ֮
ٱ֮Ҫˣôٱ֮
΢΢һ¶һ˿һָǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫɢһɲһʱڤڤ֮еķ򣬿Խǧ´ʥһˢ
´ʥǡʱ֮顿ӿʱһˢʱ΢΢һΧʱһ±ҡ
ʱ
´ʥ΢΢һȼڵѪ֮һͷ峤׵̫龦Ȼ֣ſһһɰԾµ˲䱬Χʱֱ顣
ʱһ˲䣬´ʥͿѾڵkǰһŵkֱӴȥ
´ʥһſڣһֻɫСȻ֣һݻγһŽɫǳڵkǰ
һնǿŽɫǳ֮ϣʮѿգɫâǽɫǳ˲նѣ˳ն£ն´ʥϣ´ʥһΪ
һɺڶȻ֣´ʥһֱУ´ʥԴ
´ʥɺڶ֮ȻɢɺڶƣȴӲıֱѹѳ
ѹˣ´ʥȻѹˣ⣬Ҳ̫˼ˣ
ǿĴʥȻͱѹˣ̫ײˣ
ʥȻ˿ֲѹʥ̫ˣ

ڳΧ۵ʥһһһɺ
´ʥһʥǿߣһǿĴڡʱ֮ʱʳѹ棬ܾǿߵʱҲֻʮʥ׷档
ǵ̫ԨĵҲֻҵĴʥػ
ʥ´ʥ̫龦һĴʥ˵kҪΪ̫Ԩл
һɫĹâҫǽرħǡȻɳâҫһͷ·̫ʱ鼶޽Ǿ޹Ϭǡħǡ֣̤նգȥ
ͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹Ϭ󣬸ֳӰ̺ǿߵ
ǽʥ˽һѹ´ʥʱ򷢶ľһ
ʥҲ֪һ޷ɱ棬ֻҪ´ʥȳͻһֲޱȵĴʥС
ʥȻҳ´ʥ֮ľ֣ΥأܺãôҲʲôˣ
Ŀ΢΢һһ˿˿ҫһܽȻ֡
һ֮ܽӡ֣໥γһɣγһְĽɫ֡
һͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹Ϭһ̤ǽɫĹ֮ϣ㽫ǽɫֱӲȵñ顣
һܽ׻Ҳһ˲ѺۣоƬҲֱըѿ
ͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬȥƲͷϵľ޽Ǻݺȥ
浭һЦɺڶһ鼶޽Ǿ޹Ϭֱײȥ
ڽӴһ˲䣬ɺڶֱſ´ʥֱ³

ǻһɫƤ֮е´ʥɫ䣬һ춯صŭ
ͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹Ϭľ޽һ´´ʥ壬´ʥײķѣ꼸
һɺڶȻ֣´ʥֱ£ŵkԴ
֮䣬´ʥеԴͱֱɣһ߸ʬ
ô
ʥһ԰ףž֮ɫ
ҲȻҳ֣ҾյϢ
һЦһ㣬һ峤ǧս֮зɳʮʥڹâһ̫ԨǽԼ丽֮ȥ
ס֣
ʥɫ䣬غ
һɱʥߵĹһǽܲǽܲһųһɫĽ磬סʥڵĹ
һʥڵĹһһ帽ڹܲڹɽ֮ϡ
Ǹߴʮ׵ĺڹɽһ±һɫĽ磬ǺɫĽոһ֣ͱʥڵĹֱӹᴩڹɽʥڵĹɣĺڹǿ߾ͻᱻȫɱ
ʥͬһ̫Ԩ֮ϣڻ֮ĸӹڵɽֱӱƬǿ䡣
ʥס֣
Ȼ֣֮Уһ·һһۣγһĸߴò׵ӡ
ʥkˣ
ʥѵҪˣ

ڳʥһӣһĨâʥǴʥҫߴʥʥ̫Ԩǿʥ
ʥ֮УʥսһҲ̫Ԩϵĵһǿߡ


1152 ʮ
ɨʥһҪΪУ
ʥϢ纣ͬһ׵Ĵ󺣣ʵɲ⣬ԶԶڽǴʥ֮ϡ
նɱ´ʥȴҲԼʱȻʥĶ֡ʱ߶ۼرӣʥҲδܹס
ԴḻޱȵǳѾУص֮£ԴԴϵսѾϵı
塢֣ҲĽkǻܡ
ʥһ֣ʥֹͣ˹ĿǰһĻ
ʥʥ岢Ϊе˼̫Ԩҵȵĸǣ飬Ҫǿս
ʥڵԺɱʥʿشʥǿߡһܹһŵ͵ǳ
̫Ԩһܹʥֵ߽ĸܼǳƾʥںͬͿ̿λ汾Դܴſή
һЦĿһ˽ʥϣɭޱȵãʥҾ͸һӡʥ㾹ȻҶҳ֣ô͸öʮǳҡҾһɨȥǽĸӹͳͳ壬һ
ǿοЦԭˣĿ꣬һֱǽ塣һǶûа취Խˡ
ʥüͷ΢΢һ壬ֹһ̾Ĭ
汾ǴԽλߣ̫ܵԨǿ߰ơõʮǳѾ̫Ԩʥ̵ļޡ
նɱʥǿߵƣټϽʥž֣ѾõĽڡʱκ˶޷汨ͻΪ湥ĵˡʥ֮նɱһʥ޵콾ûԸͷ
ʥͨ죬ĿڳʥһɨѰ֧֡
ڽʥĿ֮£ʥ׷׵ʹͷ·ûпʥһ㡣
浭ĮʥôǾȫ濪սɣǽһսֻһܹ
նɱ´ʥ¡ȻǽҲ壬֮ΪС̫Ԩ֮еʥߣ͸Ըͬ޵еľ콾ΪС
ʮǳǽʮǳǽ廹ôܹΪ̫Ԩ֮һö˵ʥҪսұսǽսףݣ
ʥâҫһ㣬ǡħǡâҫһͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰֱ֣̤޾ɫԣݺײȥ
ܺãȻǽҪ壬ôҾͳȫ㣡
һöʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱⳤΧƣΧʱһ¼ٰٱ΢΢һΣ㻯һԶȥ
ۼرʱ֮顿ԶԶȲĵۼرǲʱȴ죬һɲ֮ԭʧ
ʥǽڶǿߣӵдʥڵΪ̫ԨǷΧ֮ڣԻý֮ӳ֣ʵֲޱȡȻѡڴ˵kӲƴ
ʥΧڵλʥŰ裡λԸ֣һֱͬ
̫ԨʥһĬʹͷԸ֮ս
ʥһ
ȻƬ֮и֣һŽԲ֮ſһͶӰ֮֮УͶӰ
֮Уһ³һƬӫĻӫĻ֮Уֳһǳǳǿ֮Уһ˿˿֣һֻӴޱȵǼʽӴǿ֮Ծ
һɲ֮䣬ͬˮһǿǳ֮ڣͬһ㣬ǿǳ֮һֱӱǹݻ١
ս˻һƬ·ǳȥ
ɲľǣ
ùϣÿٶȣ
úݣȻôͶˣ

ڳʥ߼һĻɫ䡣ЩʥǻΪҪ׼ʮ²Żᷢսȴû뵽澹Ȼ׺ݣ߸ո뿪Ǳ߾Ѿʼֽĸ塣
·ɲľ֮Уһ·ɳʮͷ»ϵħǿߡ
ȫս溣֮ϵĻеһɱͷħǿӪ֮Уͬһ㽫Щͷħǿնɱ
ҫʮͷħǿ߾ֱӱȫĨȥǿ֮е顣
ǿÿµĻеܾţ
Ǵ˵֮Уʿʵۿ֮ĻеܾҲδǿᣡ

ЩʥǼһĻʱ˵һ
溣ǿЩʥǰϣkһܹ֮ɱȫһܹɱ溣ǿߡ
溣ǿһǧ򣬾ЩʥҲͷƤ飬˱ᡣ
ǿֲޱȵĻеֱӽɲľǴɱ䣬ǿ֮Ͻ˸ӹ
ɲľˣ
úݵֶΣ

ЩʥһǻеŽɲľǣһ΢΢һ̾
ʥҲû˫۳죬Ҫɱˡ
һеԲ΢΢һһâҫŸͶӰȻ֣ƬĻһ³Ƭǿա
ſǳȻ֣Ǿſǳ֮⣬һռҫֻӴޱȵǼʽȻ֣Ǿſǳֱӹȥ
һɨǾſǳ֮Ͻ帽ӹܲͱֱӺƣӴޱȵսͬˮһֱӿǾſǳ
Ǿſǳ֮һ¸ħǿĻеɱһ
һ棬Ǿſǳħǿ߾ͱֱӹᴩױն顣
һʿǿҲںʮս֮󣬱ֱնɱΪǻеŽ
ȫѹ֮£ʮſԵʥʿǳֱӱ湥ռΪĵ̡
ײУʥ̫ײˣ
ʮǳѹˣ̫ײˣ
ʥ̫ˡԲܹkΪУ

ڳʥһĻɫһѿ˼㡣
ʮŽǳ׹ݣʮǳħǿ߶ɱһգΪĲϡʥػǳҲûмܹס澪һ
ΪµǣĻеڼƣһݵǳҲûа취
ʥһĨ⣺ÿ£ʥ棬ǿ£ղҾͲӦøʥֵĻᣡ
ǽʥ֣Ҳ̫ԨʥĬ顣kǶϣ´ʥøӿֲ
̫Ԩʥȴû뵽澹Ȼ˻ᣬǽ峹˺Ƥһ·ռʮǡ
ھҫҲҵ·֮ǰͻᱻΪУһ𹥷
ô죿ڸô죿
ʥһĻͨ׹ߣ亹ֱ֪Ǻá
汾ҲǿԿһʥǿߣ˿塣ڼƵĻеŲǽΪηĴڡ


1153 ʬ
һ£һλ£
һʥֱһ䣬һʧ
֮еʥҲ΢΢һΣֱʧ
ʥҫʥҲ׷ʧ
Ƭվֻʣ½ʥԼʥߡ
ʥҪսǽһս
ʥ֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣ༸ʥ̫Ԩķȥ
λʥߣҫǿգ֪λγƺԺη
һâ΢΢һǿձǸ´ʥһǰʥǰһ
һһͷɫ׵Ůʥ΢΢һЦ޹⺣޹ʥŮһλҵĺһӡ
ǿĿ΢΢һºһЦԭ޹⺣ʥŮһӵ£ʧ
޹⺣һ֮һǿĿֲһ塣ʥŮӶ֮Ǳţ֮пȴʥǿߡ
Ӵһ˿˿ҵǰΪħԨ۹
ǿ΢Цλǰҫ̸Σ
޹ʥŮ΢΢һЦǾʹˡ
һâһʥҲԭʧ
Ļеһռʮǳ̻֮˱ʮǳĸʮǳҷĲɼʮǳĸԴ
ھɽʥ߾ۻ֮õĿǳһʮԴḻǳƿ֮С
ʮԴḻǳ֮ϻеÿһǳ֮϶̻ھſͬʱʮǳһŨ֮У˿ʵ
̫ԨʥǶʩչʮǳkǶ֪ǽȲưոݡ
һ֮һޱȵĽɫâҫһӡĽɫɽ̫Ԩ֮зɳֱ񷡣
ˣ嶯ˣ
ùϣǽʥɽһסʥء徹ȻһеҪһ
ǿһսһսһ彫̫Ԩĵ塣սܵһٲ֮

Щ̫ԨǶʥһĨ˷֮ɫʩչַͼǽĶ
ǽʥɽһ뿪̫ԨΧ㸡ֳһֱûһƬƬ֮ڣʧ
ЩʥǾ㶯øַҲȫҲʥɽĺۼ
ҫһׯ԰Ļ԰֮ڡ
һħ΢΢һڣһЦڶˣٸһսΪһʤߣ
ǿյʥʤߡ
ӵŶʥ棬еʥҲֻǼ̫Ԩĵ壬Ӫʮ꣬ƣǿ꣬ӵ̣Ҳһոսٲһʥ𣿳һͷʥǿ֮⣬ʥ滹ʲôֶΣ
ǿյҲ֪
΢΢һЦɣһ£Ҷһսضܹʥ档Ӯˣһ֮ȪӮˣҾһ֮ȪΣ
ɫǿճһã
̫Ԩƺ
Ůʣһս˭ܹʤ
ʥһĨޱȵǻ֮⻺Ӧǽ壡Ͼ̫Ԩ֮һޱȡ̽߱ءʥܹƴܾˣʤľǽ塣
Ǿɽ֮УŮ֮ԶãǲԸԵ޹ʽһֲĴУȴη档
ʥ֮ǰ֣ҲǲһǱľУΪʵ档
Ůһ̾ҲΪսʤȴһ˵һսʥʤߡ
ʥһЦԤҲûʥ棬ʥ֮նɱһʥǿߣǱһսˣֻҪţضܹܽ塣ֻҪһսضΪʤߡ
Ů΢΢ףһӣһƵرȻɳޱȵĹâ
һֻֻ̫Ԩظ֣ѰŽĽʥɽԼǼʽӡ
һΪϵҪ޴ٱЩʥ鼶ĴڣʩչطԽʮһƬ򣬿һƬ˵ҲһС
ŮʥҲ޷ѰҵʥɽԼǼʽӵټ
ɲľΧǿգһ˿˿ռ֣ǽʥɽֱӴ֮и֡
ˣɲľǣ
Ŀɲľǣ

ǽʥɽһ֣עߵʥ鱨Լĺѡһʥߵ̫Ԩ˷۶ע˵ء
һɣ
ǽʥɽ֮УһŰ
ֻɢŴʥֲĽǾ˺Ѳ񷣬̺֮ɲľֱȥ
ֻǾÿһֻ̮֮Щûʵ׵ĺоƬһһ÷顣
ɲľ֮ϣһеȻ֣ӡҫ֮ϡ
һռطԲʮĻе֮һſ¶һ׵Բ׶μ̣Բ׶εļ֮µӡ
һռطԲʮĻе֮ǿĹ֮һǳҪڡһǿǳΪһǿǳǳ֮Ŀֲսۣȫһشۼǿߡ
ҲֻһſԳʥߴսǳܹǳҪڡֲս
ɲľλ۵һ㣬һɲ֮䣬һɫĹ˺Ѳ񷣬һֻɫĹ֮ϣᴩֻɫĹ֣ǽʥɽֱӺȥ
ôܣ
ǽʥɽ֮һ´ʥŵŭ֮
ħǡһ´ӽʥɽ֮зɳһͷ鼶鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰȻ֣̤޾γɵĽɫţɫĹݺһײ
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һ춯صĿֲ֮УɫĹǽǾ޹Ϭֱײһ໥֯
ɲľ֮֮ڿֱĹͬˮһǽʥɽֱӺȥ
һâ΢΢һһãɢһ˿˿Ϣڣڵһֻ۾ʣһֻ飬ͷϳһֻǣɢһ˿˿Ŀֲʬһ¸֣ɢӡǽʥɽ֮ǰ
ɲľ֮ϺһޱȵĿֲʬ֮ǰֹǿֲޱȵĵʬֱգ޷˺kֺ
ʿʵۼǿߣֻʣһû溣Ҫ˺kʮѡ
һߵߵʬǽǵĵ̣
ǽǵ壬̫Ԩ֮һȻޱȣѣһ˸ûл֮

ЩΧ۵ʥһһʬжһĨ𺧡


1154 ս
ǵʬһ֣ɲľ֮Ϻһʧ
ɲľ֮ϣʥڡǳҪڡ֮⣬ûмܹвһʬ
ǵʬӵصӡתǸڵkϣΪ̲k
һֲޱȵʥһʥڵĽʥԼʥ̤նڵkǵɳ˽Լǵħǿߡ
һͷһǧɢʥ鼶ǿվЫһͷȼڻ棬ǧ׾ߡһҳʮףŤǿ鴬һߴһǧĹħɽһǧͷǺޡһͷʨͷÿʨͷ֮϶һֻǵͷʨȻ֡
ǿվЫʥ鼶Ŀֲڶǽǵʮʥսս˿ʥʿ
һʬһʥʮʥʿĿֲڣһɿֲޱȵܹ̫Ԩ֮⼸ǽǵ̫ԨıǮ
һʬʥʮʥ鼶Ŀֲڣ˺գɲľֱӷȥ
ǿѹʥǿߵıﲻ̫࣬岻ɲľ֮Ҳӵпѹʥǿߵı
ɲľ֮ϣʮʥȻ֣âһʮ˵ԺɱʥߵĿֲǽʥǺȥ
һŤĹâһЩʥһֱӷɳ￪⣬׾ٵľͱܹʥڵĹ
ߣû̺ɷĹҲ˵ǣǳ˵Σ
ǽʥһָһţһɫĹǴͬһʮʥڵķȥ
¡¡¡
һ֮УʮʥȫǽɫĹǴ̹ᴩըѿһſֲޱȵĢֱգء
ɲľ֮ڣһطؿѣɽʹ򿪣սͬһӿڱգǽǿֱȥ
һȺϣ
ʥһݺһģȡγһֻǧĽɫ֣Щս˺ݺȥ
һǧعҫսعֱӹڹâҫһޱȵĹγһ֮һǽɫ֮ϣǽɫֺ÷顣
һ̣Ǽ޾ս˾ǿɱһ
ͷ޴ޱȵǿվЫſһ磬ǹ䣬ս˵Ļ֮ϣЩսһһ顣
ͷ׾ſһ磬һգ֮һܼս˱ֱӵȼճɻҽоƬֱӷա
һʬǼ˾ĹͶ֮䣬˺ѿռ䣬һͽټս˺Ƭ
ʮʥߵػ֮£ǽԼkǵҲԦһǿرʩչ޴ķһսֱӴݻ١
¡¡¡
޴ıը֮ڶǽ֮ط·һ޴ޱȵѪḥ̂ս˹ȥȻֱӴݻ٣˺Ƭ
һʬѪĥ̵࣬kĲ֮ޱȣ棬ָkֻ׵ĹǿնkļҲֻնһ㱡Ƥĳ̶ȡ
ʥҲˣ
ǽʥɽ֮ڣʥɲľǣһЦ
ֻҪһݻɲľǣʥͻᶯýһռݵǳƣһļѹռ䣬սѹڰɲǡ
ܹնɱãǲܣʥҲΪԼõ·ǾǰͶһ壬档
վǽ弼һ
ʥĵ̻̫ǳˣ
Ķˣ˰ɲ֮⣬ǳ֮ϣʥûп

һʥɲľڷһУжӵĸ顣
̫Ԩҫ
΢΢һЦһսʥҪˣ
ǿüͷ΢΢һ壬Ĭͨɲľǡ
̫Ԩƺ
ʥԶһĨ֮ɫʥôһܣ֮󣬾Ҳû忹ʤѷ֡վǽʤһǽ徹Ȼӵһʬҽ֮ΪһսǳԤϡ
Ů֮ҲһĨػʬȻɹˡǿ£
ǵʬӵĲ֮Ĳ֮ӵµһǵʬΪսǾһ𿰱ȴʥĿֲս
ʥûô򵥣ǵʬֻǱǽӳֱܶѡܹһʬǾǴʥ۷սΪҲδǵkĶ֡ʬо޴㣬ΪĶ֡
һ׻ŨȻ֣ڱβ񷣬ɲľֱڱΣʥ޷ɲľڵʵ
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ʥһӿһ˿ԤС
ʱ֮һҫɲľΧһſŷǳ֮Уӿսˣǽʥɽȥ
Ƿǳ֮Уһͬһ㻯һƬƬ֮ǽʥɽȥ
ʥɽһ¸ֳɫӡݻгһƬɫĽ磬סǿ˺ʥߵĹ֮
ս˱㻯һƬֲĻеǽʥɽȥĹǽʥɽ
ȥ
ǽʥâһһ֮߶ǡħǡͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰȻ֣ޱȵĽ⣬սȺ֮гȥ
ǧعҫڹâҫʮʿع׵Ĺ֮£һ۳һ˺Ѳڹһ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰ֮ϡ
ǿ໥֯𣬿ֲĳ˺Ƭ
鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰҲһıʧ
ǡħǡ΢΢һҪָһʱܹٴζá
ǽʥɽ֮Уһ·ɳʥԼʥʩչطս˷ɱ
Ƭǿգը֮ڶս˱ʥ顢һʥԼǿߺƬ
ɲľڡ
һƬ֮УˮڣǾͷǿЫһ¸֣ſһ磬ŵޱȵĶǽǿֱӺȥ
һʬ˫һȭ̮һһ顣
ȴһºǵʬϣǿֲޱȵľ綾һ¸ʴǵʬѪ⣬ǵʬһãɢ
ǾͷǿЫǴʥޣ׶ޱȣԶɱʥȻҲԸʴʿʵۼǿߵ
֮Уһ̺ŷ֮ľ޴д֮зɳ·һʥֱնȥ
һͷ޴ޱȣ׵ĲԹһ¸֣˫ӡ֣߶Թ֮ǣһΣһɫĹҲǽʥߺȥ


1155 նɱʥ
Ǿű仯Ϊһͷֲޱȵǳ쾨Ԧǳ֮ͷǿվЫɱһ
ǹҲһԻͷ׾߲ɱ
ס̤֮ǡסѾɵڶ̬Ħʯ֮޾ӿ֮С
һָһšʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡ֣һʱᴩ˹ȥڡδڤڤ֮еʱⳤ֮и֣ǽʥֱһˢ
ǼʥǶʱоΧʱһ±û֮
ǡǳҪڡâ΢΢һɲľ֮ϵֱգγһֲޱȵУһޱȵĹ˺Ѳ񷣬ŽһʥǿֱӺȥ
ǽʥֻʱһ˲ϽɫҫʥγһɫĹʱֱӳɢ
һ˲䣬ǡǳҪڡһλڻֱӺĴʥ
һĴʥ°ֱӱǡǳҪڡɷɻҡ
һɺڶȻ֣ʥһֱӽʥС
ʥˣ
ʥô
ôܹµǻ͵Ϯɲľǣ
ʥôڴ˵أ

ǽʥǼһĻжһɺ⡣
ռʮǳճۣӦñֲʮǳ֮СرռݵĵһǳɲǸӦǿء
ǽʥѾѲ飬ѡɲľǽйҪƣȴû뵽ȻΧ֮С
һװʮʥڵսȻ֣ʮʥڹâҫʮǲдĽʥֱӺȥ
ǽʥɫ䣬ʩչط˷ȥ

Ҫ

ЩԼʥµĴһʧȥʥ߱ӻ¶ʥڵĿֱֲ֮ӱڵĹͳͳ΢΢һɨ㻯ҳ
Ǽ޾Ļеһ´ʥں޴Ķ֮ɱ˽ȥɱŽԼʥߵˡ
һ溣ʿǿһ֣ͱǿֲޱȵĻеֱնɷ飬Ѫ걻Щеգɡ
ǡס֮ϵĻе˫һģӡ֣һ˲ƳһѵʥǰСꪡһն׾ٵĽʥһΪնء
ɺڶһ¸֣ʥֱɡ
һɱһʥߣǲдĽ弰ѵʥ߼һĻʧȥս⣬ʩչط֮гȥ
ĿռȻ֣໥ֱſһ˲ռ磬Ƭֱӷӡ
ҿ
һʥֳһɫĹһŭ𣬻ӵһն޾ɫγһɫնһռ֮ϣֱӽһռնñ顣
һ˲䣬һ˲Ƴʥߵǰһնһɫâֱնʥߵϣʥֱնأһɺڶ֣˳ƽʥֱɡ
ͷǿվЫһӣ㱻Ǿű仯ɵǳ쾨ݺҧһڣkҧϡ
׳ûһӵϣնǿվЫ֮ϣѪ裬ǿվЫӲնֻʣһǼܡ
ǾŻĶɵǳ쾨һ˵ǿվЫ֮ϣҧסͷǿվЫǿվЫѪꡣ
Ҳһʥšֻǽǿ߲ǵ壬ȻڱΧȻ׺ףӲš
һ໥׹ҫһ׵սìȻ֣˺Ѳ񷣬һ׾ߵ֮ϣͷ׾ֱӹᴩˡ
Ȼȥһ½׾ɡ
ԹɻɫԹҲĲסһʥߡ
ǲдʥ߻⣬ȥͼǳ֮ѡ
ӣͳͳɣ
һ˲Ƴһʥ󣬻һնʥһΪһɺڶһ½ǽʥߵʬֱɡ
ҰԸʥˣǿհһԸ⳼ˣߡʥҰԸΪʥµһֻ߹ҧ˭Ҿҧ˭
һͷȮ˫Ľʥʮֹһ¹ڵϣͶأధ
һʥһָҲʶʱ񣡸ȥѹˡֺãҾΪͣ
ǣϣ
һĨϲɫȻǽʥֱȥһͬΧһʥߡ
ʥ߷ŭޱȵغۣͽ㲻úҽ壬ԲŹǰһ壡ǽԻὫЩͽһ𣡣
һЦһս֮ǽ˵ڣƾʲôһ壿ҿҪӦǽ壡
ǽʥҧеʥ뿪ǽóһ֮ȪӽǿԵ޽ƽԼʮ֮ڣҽԲΪС
ôõĻԽնΪһŹ𣿡
ɭһЦһ˲Ƴһʥһꪽǽʥֱնأ˳ɡ
ɲľǵǿսʥɽ
ڽʥ֮£ǽʥɽâҫɫֱ񷣬һɫնЩսͳͳն飬оƬֱն顣
ǽһڵսΧ֮£ǽʥɽȻ̩ɽ˿ûбƵļ
Ще̫ķˣ
ʥԴԴϣɱ֮Ļеţг˽ǡ
ǽʥʲôΧĹɱطǻеȥƵõkֻܹ߶ʥЩеŵսһһݻ١
¡
Ȼ֮䣬ǽʥɽ֮дһ޴ıը֮
ʥˣ
ʥôܻ䣿kߣеʬ
ô

ǽʥɽ֮Уǽǿһ±һɾ޴Ŀ־֡ǽʥǽĵ֮һһk䣬ֻʣ½ʥһʥһкԼѵʥߣķʥսһͬɲľ֮ڣkǵ³Ҳ˵ǡ
ʥȻˣô
ʥʱд󾪣һɻͬһȻ֣ݺݵҧڵk֮ϣʹ顣kҲǵһΪľжоڲѡ
¡¡
ǽʥɽ֮Уһյյըѿһʥ䡣
ʥˣ
ʥˣ
ôɲľǵʥߣˣ

ǽǿ߿һյյըѣߣͨ˿־塣ǽɲľǵʥһȫ䣬ͻֻʣʥߣһʥҲܳΪ̫Ԩ塣


1156 ָ
ɲľ֮ϵɢȥһսɽѣռ̮ǳǰ
ĻеŴɲľ֮зɳһƬڱβĻе֮һʥɽֱϯȥ
ȫˣȻȫˣ
ʥȻﲼ塣
ô֪ѡɲľ

Щ߷һеʥһһԼ۾
̫Ԩҫ
ǿ΢΢һЦ治ʥӵ£һֿӮˡ
һָһһöռرǿշȥߣ
̫Ԩƺ
ʥӵĻһ̾徹Ȼˣһ֮ܵңǳҵԤϡʥȻǿֵزȥһԲܹʥ˶ʥӰ񡣡
Ů΢΢ͷһΣԭʧ
ɲľΧǿա
ֳ֡ꪡվ֮Уĸһʥɽ
ʥ
ʥվǽʥɽ֮ϣ˫۳죬Թŭغ
һսѾսܣһٱλֱ֮Ӵ䡣
ɫҫǽʥɽ֮ųһɫĹԣЩս˻֮ϣսͳͳɷɻҡ
ɲľΧǳ֮УһеȻ֣ӡҫƬǿյ
һеķ֮£ƬյֱɣǽʥɽҲ޷ȡս
ǽʥɽ֮иԴʱԼμš
ʥһĨâŭ𣺡ʥҵšǽԲŹ㣡
ǡħǡâһһͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰȻ֣̤ɫԺֱײײȥ
鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰ֮еս˶ֱײɷ飬Ӳײһ·
ǽʥɽֱӻһɫĹâͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹Ϭٳĵ·ȥ
ɲľ֮ϣһšǳҪڡâҫٴγȡλıԴ֮һںһ˺Ѳ񷣬һеĿֲǽɫʥɽֱӺȥ
һɲ֮䣬һɫʥɽĽͱӲĺñ飬ʮǿ߱ǽɫĹֱɣɷɻҡ
һ֮γɵ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬӰҲһ±顣
ʥֱһʥѪ΢΢һˡ
ɲľǱǡǳҪڡȡλ汾Դܼ֮һµ䣬һſʥߵǳһµ䵽˽ֻʿǿߵǳ
ǡǳҪڡ޴ޱȣһʹãͻȡλ汾Դ֮ջὫһǳȡһܼµķǳ
Ǽ޾Ļеŷĳǽɫʥɽ֮ڣնɱһлŵݻƻǽɫʥɽһС
һǽɫʥɽ֮ϣһУǽɫʥɽһֱֲӱ顣
ǽʥԼʥƴֵҲֻܹסڵ
ĵطսǿߵɱ
ǿ£ʥĻеܾţǿ£
ëȻ̫ǿˣ
̫ˣ

һʥߵտе֮пŵĽʥˣв
ǽʥȽǿ߿սѾݻǧսˡ۵kôɱ޷Щ溣սɱɾ
ʧȥ˽ʥɽıӻǽͨĻеΧ֮£޻֮һ浹ıɱš
;վ֮Уǽʥɽ֮нǿԼĻеɱȫṳ̂ʥɽһ˼
ʮʥʿǿҲվڽʥɽ֮⣬ÿ˵ǰӵʮĽ׻š
ǽϾ̫Ԩ֮һޱȡǽʥɽǽ徭Ӫµϳв֪ʲôΣա
ȻսȴʥҲԸ̤ʥɽ֮ڡ
Ǽޱȵսҹ
ǽʥɽҪԭߣ浲ס˲ء
ʥǽˡǽһ·ֻҪ뿪ǵĶԹһʹҽҲΪС
ǽʥɽ֮ڣʥһεĿվ֮е棬ĵ
ǽʥɽ֮ڣҲֻʣ²˶ǽľӢҲǽʥʥߺķѪػһӡ
ǽȻΪУǻ˵ĺá
һսѾʧ˳ǧսˣǧȫݻ٣޷޸ǲܹȫ߽壬ȫʵҪָҲûôɡ
ɲľ֮ϣһšǳҪڡĳȡɲľǵλ汾Դɲľǵλ汾Դȡһա
ɲľ֮ԪħܶʱȫʧǳҲһ±һƬ೬ֱӵг֮ĿҲֱɻ
һޱȵĹ˺Ѳ񷣬һǽʥɽ֮ڣһ¹ᴩǽʥɽķ磬һʥֱӺɷɻңһش˽ʥԼʥߡ
ʥҵģͬھɣ
ʥâҫŭһȼѪ֮
ǽʥɽһųޱȵĹâȻѣһֻӨɢһ㲻࣬ѹλİָȻ֡
һָֻһɳֱѹȥ
ʲôߵָǣÿֲıʣԽ˹ߣ
һΣԤһӿС
콢֮ϣʮʥڹâһһޱȵĹһºǰָ֮ϡ
޾Ĺâһ½ǰָɡ
޾Ĺâʧ֮һذָǺδˣֱ߷̮֮·սͳͳɷɻҡ
ǰָÿɳһξ룬ǽʥɱһ֣ȻʥĴڣҲ޷ʹһذָǵ
һ໥׹ҫһ׵սìȻ֣˺Ѳһǰָ֮ϡ
׵սì˲޷˺ǰָǷֺ׵֮ǰֱָա
ʮʥ߷׷ʩչʥɱطǰֱָӺȥ
ʥߵĹ֮£ǰָȻֺ𣬾ֱȥ
Чһذָ޵Уʹkˣʵ̫
һеڻ𶼷׷ǰָǺȥ
ռǰһռ磬ǽγһ޴ޱȵķ硣
ǰָһµǿռ֮ϣǿռײõһʥߵĿռֱӱһµǽ׵Ĺγɵľ޴֮ϣǾ޴ޱȵķҲֱӱһ׻֮ϳѺۡ


1157 
һСذָһָ˽׵Ļ֮󣬳ǰֱӴȥ
һ㣬ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱǰָһˢ
ǿԸŴʥǿʱ仯ʱ˿޷ӰǰָǷֺ·ڹȥڡδʱţ㲻򷨲֡
߻֮ϴڵŹǣȻޱȣ㹻裬ṳ̂ʥɽ
һĨأסһ½ڶ̬Ħʯ֮ӴޱȵԴӿڣһ²ʥ֮Ӷꪡȫһնʮѿգγһ壬նһذָ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮еġꪡֱӱɣġסһ¿ѣɫʥǶѣ˶·Ҫ
ϧ
ǽʥ΢΢һ̾һĨϧ֮ɫ΢΢һҽʧ
һذָǾ֮С
һ̰֮лص֮һҫһִֻ֮һذָץȥ
ҵսƷҲ붯𣿡
âҫӶꪡһնֻ֮ϣɷֻֿԽ޾ľ룬һն£նһ֮һǳ֮һţǣʥϡ
ס֣
һţʥһ·һޱȵĲҽУֱӱһΪֲ֮һڵk֮ϱķš
ţʥ߱kնˣ
ɷ
̫ײˣ

Щ֮еһʥʱһ˿˿־壬ûͼһذָǡ
ۼǿ߿ʮҲֻбնķݡ
һץһذֱָץУӡӡһûǰָ֮ڣǰֱָӷӡ
ʥһ䣬ʥɽҲûһ˿ֿ
ǽʥɽ֮еʥƴսֵƣڴݻһǧҵս֮ձսӲնɱ
ʥ߾վǽʥɽ֮⣬ʩչطӡǽʥɽߵ·ߣӲĽǽʥɽǿͳͳɱ
ӽ𣬽еʥ֣ǲһս
ǽʥɽ֮һǿ߱Щ峤նɱ֮Щʩչһߵʥߵ
ϣǼ޾ĻеŴӵ֮£һһƲĽʥɽ֮ڡ
壬ˣ
ӽ̫Ԩ֮УͶһ壡
嶼Ѿ̫ײˡ
ѾʥʥУkһɱǣ

̫Ԩ֮УеĻ̡̻
̫Ԩҫ
һ̾ʥ棬ײУЩѾ뿪֮⣬ûһܹѡ̫ݶˣ
ǿջʤΪΪܣʥˣ³ֻҲòȥֻҲûмܻӽ̫Ԩû˸ˡ
޹ʥŮ֮ʥܷΪһʥ
ǿ΢Цû⣬һ֮ҿ̫Ԩһۡ
̫Ԩƺ
ʥһĨ֮ɫû뵽ʥȻܹܽ壬ǴĳҵԤϡ
Ů΢΢һ̾ϧǽ廹ڣ֣ǿסķչ屻Ѱ˸һʰѶˡ
ǽ廹ڣֻǿס档ɽһ塢ҫ֣ҲδеŵĶ֡
ҫ潻ã֣ȫѹƵ崭
ʥȻ޷ƣǾ֮áϲ𣿴һ֮ѡһɫߡ
ŮĬһᣬЩԸǣ
֮ŮƣɫŮĿǲ١̫Ԩ֮һеŮ׷Ů񡣴ֻҪ⻹ǵһΡ
ŵǡ
һҫһֻӴޱȵĽȻ֣ʮǽ֮зɳŵȵʥ¼ʮŵң
һʥϢŵ֮һ߰ףɫӡĳһβľ˴ŵ֮зɳżʮһŵʮˡ
ʮһ˿˿ӽŵǾʥ˵ءһҪô뿪ŵǣҪôͳΪʥ˵ĸӹʥе˿Υ
ʮһʥʿĴڣŵһû۳֮İʥkֻҪȫһܹ֮նɱkȻʮְ
ŵϺһԸʥΪȫʥ˵Ը⽫һıʥ˿ţʥȡá
ʮã
ǽ֮Уһ·ɳսһûŵ֮ڣʼŵǡŵ֮£ŵƿء
һɳʮһֻһſǳĺƹȥ׾ٵĽŽ
ЩĸӹԴӽ屻֮󣬱ѾͶ׼˼ϲŰɱ֮⣬฽ӹ嶼ȫͶ档ЩͶҲϲŰɱȫץס͵Уķ䡣
̶ʮʱ䣬ƿصʮǳȫƿ֮С
̫ԨĸҲʮ۲ȻѾҪ֣ǸҲֻܹ˱ᣬᡣ
Ļеռ˽֮󣬱ֱֹͣš
̻˱ʼɼʮǳ֮ϵĸԴ
̽ǽڵУѰŸֿ
ÿһ춼Ϊλս˱ֱ뵽Ļе֮Уָǻеŵʵ
ǸҲ׷ǰɲ֮ڣ档
ɲһɻĽʥɽɽۡ
һսǴգ
һƬħܻ۶ɵħرԵԼսƷ΢΢һ˵ĳ졣
ӽ֮ɻʮ֮Ȫǽ帽Ҳʮ֮Ȫ֮⣬滹ӽıԼǸı֮УѰҵ߼صϣޱȵԴ
ǽı֮ڣӵŵرйʿͻ߼ϣ˼ıͲʮ֡
ֻҪǸͷȫԽһΪ1ķֱΪһ8ϵȵľšȻĵԴҲһ֡
Ҫ۸ӻȫԽһսɻԴֱӽ״ʥ


1158 Ҫ
һսıָǺ͵ʬϧһʬٵ̫ˣѾʧ룬ȻҾͿһۼĴڡ
濴һ𱻾ͷǿЫ޾綾ʴѪ⣬ֻʣһǼܵĵʬһĨϧ֮ɫ
һߵʬܴأࡣǽΪһս֮󣬾սǽǵʬ֮еĲྫ˴롣
һ߲ƲĵʬӵˡԴʬ顿ҲܳΪһۼʬǿߡ
һۼǿÿһǾ춯صĿֲڣˡԴʬ顿ҲҪӵһ߲ྫųϵĵʬƵۼĵرܹƳһۼʬǿߡ
һʬֻʣıʬڵҲҪĺʱ;֮Լ۱Ȳߣιҵġסõkһ
΢΢һһߡס֮и֣еִǡס֮һ´Ǿߵʬ֮Уʼһߵʬ
һߵʬܿͱеְȫǣһƲĵ߾Ҳǡסֱա
ϾֻһʥʿȻһƲĵ߾ҪķѼǧʱһƲĵ߾ûȲһʥߵԴ
ǡסΪߵĽᾧӵַ˼kȫһߵʬøӵĿֲǿ
ѵߵź
ȡһСذָǣӡһⷨһСذָ֮ϡ
һСذָǳأʲô棬ûκ
һᣬָһţһɺڶȻ֣ǰָһ¡
ǿֲޱȵ֮ǰָȴǰָ֮һ˿޷ɡ
΢΢һʿʵۼǿҶֱܹɣ֮ߣ֮ϵĴڡ
棬һߵߺǣܹܲգkǴ֮
ǻһӡӡ֮ϵġҪȻڵ
ã
ûκηϻ΢΢һסе˻أ¶ǵʬ
һâҶɳһ±仯ΪҪֱһ̣һߵʬ¡
һһߵʬ֮صӡǡҪ֮и֡kϵѺҲܼٶѸٵ޸
꡾ҪѪս֮ϣס֮һܹӹһ١СҪæΣաһߵʬȻáסһأǱ֮Ͳʲôˡ
л
һֱԺ֮
΢ЦлʲôǾһҪлҲл㡣ˣڻָô
Ҫһߵʬ֮ɵѾ˾ųɣʣµĿָܹռߵʬҾָܹø졣
Ҫ𣿡
ָһţǡԴʬ顿Ȼ֡
ҪЩ˷ܺͼǡԴʬ顿һʮ궼ѵһıõúˣһۼʬǿߣͬǴ֮ȷҪң
ָһǡԴʬ顿šҪȥ͸㣡
⡾Դʬ顿Ҿָܹһϵȥk棬ΣգǾͻҡһһָһϵһۼǿߣҲܹѹұϾܴأһֻܹѹۼǿߣһѹԷͻߡҪע⣡
ҪһѵkĽ棬ǡԴʬ顿һֱ̣ӻһӡûҶ
ǰָһָʵһ£Ҫʲô֪
ף
ǡҪһ·ɳһذָһתɢһɻĲתΪ𺧡
Ҫ𺧵ӦǳԽ֮Źǡû뵽棬ȻִڵŹǡ
ʵԽ֮ʲôڣ
ܼܹͬǿߵȼҲͬʿܼϵͣ۶ôʺ磬Ҳܹʿʵۡʯǿʱܹߡ
֪һԪ޾治ͻ㲻ࡣһ棬㣬ȴҲվսһ졣һٵĴڡ
ʯߵҪһԽĽޡձkҵһޣִ˴档kǴ֮Уһ֮ܣܵشܼҲŵ䣬ղűܣ̲
֮ϣ֮һָǣǳԽ֮ĿֲŹǡֱҵȫʢʱڣҲ޷
ҪصΪ˵
ԭ֮ϣиӿֲĴڡȻһ֮޷һǿߵŹǣһǿߵǿᵽʲôزʲô˾ȻܹǸĿֲǿɱŹǾȻ䵽棿
һĨ𺳣УѾǿ죬һ˾Ϳѹһ棬ԽʮһͿɱһʥߡ
ĪĴ֮УȻӵ֮ϵĿֲڣֱ˲
ԼԹһ˿²⣺ʿ֮ǰֻҲ棬ΪʧߡܼŻ˵£Ҳ˥
ʿӵżʾʿҲӵߵĴڡЩߵʧһֱһԡ
ǡҪĿУԼµһ˿ࡣ
֮֮ۡ˪֮УԼʲôʵ
Ҫ޺޵۾սԼҡ֮֮˪ҲڵĴڡʯ߿۷ľ콾Ǳ֮شܼ䡣Ķ֡
ʵ֪ôǰ𣿡
ҪЩڵ͵ܼ֮еĴڣҪǰ棬Ҫôдǿ·ֻн֮󣬽һпܴƽޣǰ档ڸ㣬ҲȥˡĽޣɲôͻơ
ֽѯˡҪڴ⡣
ǡҪڴҲһ֪kȻһ֮ȴʯڽ汻ش֮󣬲Żصʯƶɵ֮ǹ֣kԭ˻϶ս֮жɹڴ֪ʵǲࡣ


1159 ʥ
ϣҫ뺯ǰ̫ԨһֻᡣʥѾ̫Ԩ׼̫Ԩٿһʢֻᡣ
һŽɫ뺯ݸ档
ʥȻ꣬⣬ĻһεֻԲܹ
һһŽɫ뺯ֵİţһãꡢ⣬͵ʥʮʥ֮һkĸ֮Ϊ֣滺ǵ꣬ǵ塣
kĸΪܡʮʥʥֻΪ׸衣ʥֻΪʥ׸衣ֻʥ棬᲻ڵٿֻᣬκֻҪ뺯ܹkĸʥʥ֮һkֻ󣬱ʥѵöࡣܹkĸҲΪѣֻЩĹܹkĸ
һ˹ֱۣ˵ϣȥȥʱһֱˣȥ͵ʱŬòã
ӵмΪжԵһľ츳Ϊ˽ɲģҲΪϸ
Щãһ쵽ƻˣһֻʥ߲лܹĴֻἴ̫Ԩٿʱˡ
һԿһֻۣҲһĿ΢΢һЦãǾһȥ
һ̫ͨԨǵĺǽ֮ڡ
һҺǽڲһռ磬ԳһƬռ䣬ռǧƽǧƽ֮ڣӵһɽׯɭ֡ѩأ羰续ʤաܹǺǽһǸ̫Ԩ֮еĺŹ塣
һ֮ϣƷƣϴ΢ЦĿŶȵŮں֮Ϸ
ڿ޵ʱͻ߾ȫƽʱͬһʮϲϲֵˡ
ﾹȻһʥߣϡ档
Ȼ΢΢һһԿȥ
ֻһŰɫӾװͬɢŵ⣬ĳʻƽڷ磬ףʳһīľ˴Ӻ֮γ
һ΢һŴīľϾһ˿˿ˮһ±ɣʮһԵ֮ϣɹ˹̫
κʥ鼶Ůԣ϶ǾɫˡԭªֻҪkǵı仯ܹɾˡΨԸʣԸı䡣
ɫȻŴīסԼ˫ۣǹʣѾʥΪˡ
·ӦǺεĿ⣬ʳľɫŮʥڵķ΢΢ɨһۣ㲻ٹע
涯طʥͬһͨ溣ʿ
һͨ溣ʿʥǰϣ࿴һۡ
ŮʥҲʩչطʥֻĸ֪εһ۾Ϳ˵kʵ
ãŮʿ̫Ԩǿ˳λ̳˶ϣܹ𣿡
һòףü֮һӡͷϳǵĽϴЦݣߵŮʥߵߣ
òʮֳڣһ֪ŮǾվڲԶ֮һЦĿߡ
ǽ֮е˷ǸһʮֳɫɾˣһŮʥȻȺʳʮҪ֮ύ
Ůʥʮ䵭ܱǸϲһ˶
һĻ¶һЦݡ
ϲһ溣ǿߣȻ̫Ԩһ֮УѾšһŮʥǰҲһĴڡŮʥѾʮֿò
ǻһԸŰϲŭ޳ŮʥֽǶҲǲܡ
ϱһŮʥܾһĨ֮ɫһ۾Ϳ˲Զ֮ڼЦ棬ʱŭȵЦʲôʲôЦģ
浭һԲ˷ЦҾЦˡ
ϺܿѹסԼеŭһ䵭̫Ԩǿ˳λ̳˶ϣʲôˣ
̫Ԩ֮г֮⣬ʮϵʿǿߡȻǽ֮û˵ıԼƴȻʮֽ
浭㻹֪
һһĨŭޱȵĻ棬һЦҲ䣿
ϸǿ˳λ̳ˣӵһǽɵĹɷݡ൱ǽˣûʸ˭ʸ
һһͷɫСɫĸԸ޵˹Ц
ĻҷɯBȣһ󹫾ĵ˳λ̳ˡҲֻǼŮ֮ΪĴͷ
ɨ˶һ۵ĸǿʸ˵仰ĸ֪˵Ի˫ȣֱɱ
Ŀ΢΢һĶ棬һɾ衣֪ݻҿڳԣǸӣһͷˡΪ˳λ̳ˣӵܣǾӢ֮еľӢһ»ָ侲Ĵ档
ʥһ
ʥʿĿֲ𣬽һҺǽȫ֣һһǽ֮𵴡
һӦǿֲޱȵʱɫ䣺ʥߣʥߣôʥ˵أ
ʥߣôʥ߽٣
k⣬Ҫʲô

Ǻǽ֮У˶һ˾֮С
ǽ֮УǿҲǼ溣ǿߡǼ溣ǿߣһʥǰͬϡ
ֻҪЩʥ⣬һƾܹǽ֮еǧֱӴ֮ȫĨȥҶʣ¡
ʥֵ߽ನܹһҺǽֱӻٵ
һ΢΢̾Ϣ֮һŮʥһժī¶һףǵľǳʣһ¹ھ¡
һʥգʱһĶֱ͵ȥڸ٣ͬʥkʥ̫ˣ

ֱĻ
̫ˣ

ǸйһʥʱһһĨ𺳡
˫һһĨ֮̾ɫһˣħŮʶҪʤһҼѩŮ
ŮŮʥ߶ǾɫŮʥʳʥȣԵѷһ
ʥķˣҲֻг֮绪һŮ۷緶ʯѩԸʤһ

޷ʣ
Ļ

ŮʥжһĨĽ֮ɫȸ˫̹ҫ޲ýʥһȥ


1160 ʥ
ʥһ¸ֳһޱȵӡ·ķžֻĹâk֡kһ̤֮Уǽ֮뿪
ǽ֮⣬վʥߡ
ʥһף¹һͷֻ۾ΡһһĿ࣬òӢһͷƮݳͷ֮ϼƵĿӡ
ͷϼƵĿ΢΢һЦʥ۴ǰɽһۡ
ʥǸѾӦҫ룬Ҫ￪һʢֻᡣ´˵ɣ
ʥȻһЦͬٻţʤգһ˽ֻǴͬһķ羰ߡ
ʥ΢΢һЦʥ۴ѾܾĴΡǵҲ޵ģһΣظһͬǰȥ
ʥ֮ЦһȥǲӦأ
ʥȻһЦôҲֻܹðǿȥˡ
һ¹ʥߡͷϳֻ۾ʥһ±ʥڵĿֲ
ǺʥʥڵҲεƬв֮һš
ʥ΢΢һ䣬ӡ֣ʥڵ壺ƾˣҪң첻̫Ԩǲһ꣬ҫһ֪ԲŹǡ
һʥʿףҪɱȴʮѡʥ֮ݺ꣬ȻԱ֮Ȼͨط
ûʥҪףҪȴʮѡһ۴˴رѾƬշӡƬսᱻӡϣ֮ڣǽܡ
ʥ΢΢һЦһָ
һǳƬ֮ǳ֮γһڱβ񷣬ӡһеľ

ʥһڱβʱɫ䣬ʧе
ǡһʥʿķʱ⣬ɼһǧʮſǳĵرռɵʥر
⡾Ψһǽǹ⣬ӡգдʥǿֳرԽһʥǿ߷ӡƬ֮С
֮·պգԴӳ֮󣬾ʥǿš֮ϡ
ǡʥһľͳ˹ȵף֪һֻڽӡ
ȷʵвرԿ⡾ЩرޱȣʥһҲûС
ˣ۵ˣһˣ
ǽ֮ڣɫһƬ԰ףž֮ɫ
Щǽ֮еĹҲɫһ䣬гkǶǴˣȻۼȻǿʥضɱڣǽ֮ͳͳɱ
۵ˣ
һȻƬǿ֮ǿ֮еĴʥĿһɨķȥ
ֻһ֮л֣ЦЦĿµʥߡ
ʥĿ΢΢һѵˣѵһʥߣ
ʧеȻǰǼʥߵѵȻҲһʥߣ
Щ̫Ԩǹ֮Уһ˺ȻеʥҼˣʥʥ
ʥʥ
ûʥһΣ˵оˡ

ǽ֮Уһ´˷ޱȵĻ֮
ʥʥ棡Ȼʥ棡ҸղŲ̫Σˣһ㣬Ǽ嶼Ϊ֮𡣡
һǻ֮ʱ亹ֱ˺¡
ɯBҲˢһ±ò԰ޱȣб޾Ŀ־ͻں֡
ڶߵЩ̫ԨǹһЫ׷뿪˶ɯBȵߣ·˵һ㡣
˵֮УǵΪʥһ仰ʥ棬̫Ԩ֮һĽʥ𡣺üѱֱ塣
ĸ֪˵Ի˫ȣֱɱ
һ뵽ĻʱһЦһ̾ˡҸ֪ҾȻһʥƣԻɱҡ
Ȼǿ˳λ̳ˣ̫Ԩ֮ҲǶĹ֮СʥȣϡʥǰҲȻͬϣ涼ҪԶ֣ɳһʥ߶ֱܹ
ǿȻ谮ϣΪһ˵ԻὫֺ档
ʥĿ΢΢һºһЦʥ̫Ԩ֮һĵһʥߡʧˣǺʥ¶ʮʥ֮һҼһʥǰɽͣʥӣûп¡ʥ˵ִϱк񱨣
ʥһִ̫Ԩͨص֪̫Ԩ֮һĽѾһʥʥֱ塣
ʥߣѽУȴҲܹĴڣԲǵkܹĴڡ
̫Ԩҵĵ̣ǼȻҵĵҰɱҵĹͣǾͳͳȥɣ
΢΢һЦһ㣬һöʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱⳤӴǡʱ֮顿ӿʥֱһˢ
ʥ߱ʱһˢΧʱһ±ûޱȡ
һ£
ӡһסȻ֣ͬʱǡס֮һֻɫĽǡ
һֻɫĽǾǽĵۼرħǡǡס֮γɵĲ
΢΢һΣ˲һ㣬¹ʥ󣬴߶ǽɫħһʥߺȥ
¹ʥһ¸ֳصӡһ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ף¹ˣһɢŹϢĹȻ֣ڵkǰ
¡
ǽɫħһǹ֮ϣһ㽫ǹϵĹֱӺ飬ֲĽɫһ¹ʥߺ䴩һֲޱȵĴ󶴡
һɺڶȻ֣¹ʥԼһԵһֻ۾ʥֱɣĳȡŵkǵԴ
ʥȻҶǳ֣۴˾ԲŹģ
ʥɫ䣬΢΢һΣһʺ⣬˺Ѳ񷣬Զȥ
һšһųǳ֮⣬·ǳҫֱѹȥ
ƣ
һЦȭֱһһɫĹ˺Ѳ񷣬һ´ǳ֮С
һſǳޱȵĽɫ֮зըѿǡӲıǽᴩһֲޱȵĴ󶴣˳ƺǺʥ֮ϣǺʥֱӺһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
һɺڶȻǺʥ·ӿֱ֣һڱ㽫Ǻʥ˽ȥŵkԴ


1161 
ǿʥ棬ʥ֮նɱʥǿߣ
ʥͶ֮䣬նɱʥߣ֮һĨ֮ɫһĨ磬ߣӯӯһݵʥʥˣ
ϸĴʥгͣ΢΢һЦʥ棬ʥܸܹ㡣ҿǶֻڴ
ʥţȻһЦضʧ
ǻȥɣ
浭һЦһ¸ֳһ˿˿
ǽ֮ڣһҫγ汾
ʥˣ֮ǰ֪ʥݣʲôð֮ʥ¡ʥֻҪһ仰ԸԼƽϢŭ𡣡
ǰֱӹڵϣԥͷԼͷĳѪ˿ó֮޸kһΪˣֻ֪ҪҪɱӵﶼ·һ
ɯBҲֱڵͬͽĤһ鹧ɯB֮ǰ֪ʥݣð֮¡ɯBԸΪūΪ澣ΪЧԼʥ
ɨ˶϶һ۵ɣ
лˣ
϶˴ӵһĿ档
֮¶һ˿˿ɣ۲תָɯBȵϣϲܹܲҵŮͣ
ɨɯBһ۵ɯBȣʲô
ɯBһĨʧ乧ܹΪλŮʿŮҵҡ
ɨһΧ̫Ԩǹ嵭ЩҲסǡ
ĿǰݣһʿǿҲֻܹǿʸ˵仰Щ̫Ԩǹ嶼Сʸ̸
ǣʥˣ
ϹһֱȥЩһ̫Ԩǹ嶼
Ŀʥ˴ǰ̫Ԩ򣬿ΪħԨ۹
ħԨ۹ͨ˵Ǵܡ̫Ԩʥ˵ȴʲôܡħԨ۹ʱ͵ص㶼Ѿʥ
ʥȻһЦħԨ۹ħԨյ칬ûȤǰֻΪٿһʢֻᡣħԨ۹ֵط꣬ǿƣҵǰֱѰ·
ʥһŮʥ绪ס֮·ʥ߶ԵkĽħԨ۹ֵطʥ棬ΪԴֶΡʥôһǵǿУҲʮΣա
ȻʥʮкøУǸħԨ۹ᱦҲԥն
ʥ΢ЦʥһǶлˡֻѾܣɽˡ
۾Ȼ֣ѵ𹫷𣿡
ʥ֮·֮ʮʥ֮һ棬ѱ鲼£ʥߵֻ³ˡ
۾ȻȻǰץʥǱֻ֪ͻ
ʥһۣ֮̾ӵе֮˵ľǿߡ֮еĹ˵֮Уһߵת֮ǰʥ۷Ϊնɱһʥ֮⣬k̫ӡҵٶ࣬ô忹⣿
΢΢ס
ķޣеֿѡκһʥ߶ΪʥһΪС
ЩֻҪԸ⸶ۣȫԶÿֲһʥ׷ɱ·µš
֮ǰѾۣһβֱӽɳʥȫնɱkͬʱԼԴ
ʥ֮·֮ʮʥ֮һ֮߱·򣬶ڸķʮϤ̸ͬ۽磬֪ź͸ķס
һ·֮ϣһǽƽ£䵽Ǹ֮ϡ
ʥˣ
һǽ֮߳ǿձһЦ⣬ӭ
ǿ֮󣬸߿ҫ֮ޱȣʳĹŮǾվͬһĻ
ʥҫȻǰӭӡʥ
߿ҫСҲˣ
ǳ£ҫſҲˣ

Щǽ̫֮߳ԨǹһĿɿڴĿЩҫĹŮǡЩͬŮһĹŮÿһĵλǽ֮еĹҪߵöࡣ
϶޷һŮƴݡ
ǿһߵʥʱ۾һһЦһλʥǧǰһ棬ɻǵң
ʥȻһЦȻǵãǿգҫôĳɫô
߿վڲԶ֮棬֮һĨޱȵĹâ
һǰ֮ʱҲֻһǿޱȵʥߡһǰѾ̫Ԩ֮һ죬ƿʮǳӵǳҫ֮ϣ߿Ϊ֮ʡ
һ֮ǿһУһɫĺŴԶһһеĽ¡
һ̤һɫĺţֱǰɽ
ɽһ乬֮ڡ
ǿĽܵʥΪһ¡һλ޹⺣޹ʥŮһλӡʥŮ£ӵ£һλʥ棬һλʥ
һĨ֮̾ɫһЦʥˣܹҵҡ
ʥ¶һӭõЦݵܹʶҲҵҡ
ЦЦʥһذָǣҺȤóôһΣ
ǿüͷ΢΢һ壬оŵĶ⣬ͬĿϡ
޹ʥŮ֮Ҳڴ֮ɫ濴ȥ
ĵһذָǣܾ춯أɱʥǿߡȻǿ棬Ҳһ㱻һذֱָɱ
̫Ԩ֮Уʥ߶ʮֺһذָǵ
׺ף嶼ֱԻǿǰһذָǡ
浭Ūˡ
һŪˣƭ˭أǿǲѷɫڵۼرıôŪ㿴Щˣǵѡ
ӵ£ˡ
ǿնʱɫ䣬濴ȥ
âһһɭޱȵɱһϣҾǿ㣬ôѲɣҶֲɣ˵ɱҿսЭѡһ
Ӷʱ˫۳죬kôҲû뵽һԲϣֱӷõkյ˵ɶȫû֮ء
ǿοЦʥϢŭҫһӡµΪֹɡ


1162 ̳߱
һ޹ʥŮߣ
޹ʥŮһЦӵ£һһᡣ
ܺã
ɫһӡҫһ»һʧ
ȥ֮һֽһᣬֱɢȥ
̫Ԩƺ
һâϢĽƺ֮һ֮ڣֳΣӡ
Ů֮й⻪תӵ£˴ǰкιɣ
ӵһЦŮ£ʥеһذָǣһȤ
ŮһЦʱ̫Ԩ֮һӵҵ˼
һذָһʿʵۼǿ֪ҲΪ֮ġս죬նɱʥµĻеŸǽ嶼ˡΪ̫Ԩ֮һѾӵػǰָǵ
岻ðž޴ķ濪սһսܣ嶼֮
ӿĴʱ֮Упʿʵ۵ǿǶץסһеĻᣬᵽԴ
̫Ԩ֮һлƸͬʱӵʮϵʥػͬҲЩʿʵ֮ǿеֻҪǽڣǾԲ顣
ӵȻǰȻҪֶԸkֻĳЩʱ΢һֻ۱һֻۣĳЩ鷢
Ůһᵭӵذɣǻϸǡ
΢΢һЦһ»⻪ʧ
Ƭ֮Уʥô죿
Ůһ̾ʥӵе֮ˣֻ»Ϊھʿʵۣ޵УѹķҲԸΪС̫ԨƴҲһ档
ڼ̵ʱ֮ھͽ壬һΪ̫Ԩ֮һ塢ҫ嶼˾޴ѹ
һƬĬû
뿪ƺָ֮һţһˮƬա
һöˮһʥر֮ͨ·֪ħ
Ǹħ֮Σ֤ͨһޱȵ̳̳֮߱С
̳߱һ͵Ĵ̳̳֮̿УԱ֮·Ĵ̿֯Ĵ̿͡
ֻҪԸ⸶㹻ĴۣǱ鲼֮·Ĵ̿֯ͻӵɱĿꡣ
̳߱͵ʥʮʥɱļ¼
ʥ棬壬ʥʿڣնɱ´ʥĿǰ̫ԨΪ̫Ԩ졣һʮ֮ȪԼһʱ䡣
һϢһ̳֮߱и֡
ʥ棬˭Ȼһʮ֮Ȫ
һʮ֮ȪԼһʱ䣬Ǵֱʣ
̫Ԩǣ
նҾӵ㹻Դʥ

̳֮߱У֮·֮Ĵ̿һһϢһ˷ޱȣը˹һ㣬۷׷ס
ͨʥʿҲֻһ֮Ȫһóһʮ֮ȪѾ൱Сۣ˷
ƿصһַӵ̥ǡЧǴʥǿҲϣܹ¹Լĸ
ʥʮİҹӣ
ҹɱʥߣһʥ߱һʥʵҪǿشһʥǿߡkʵɲ⣬ֻдʥǰʵkȻ֣ʥֻˡ
ҹҲͰˣһ£ʾǰٷ֮١һΣʥˣ

̳֮߱ϣȻһ󾪺֮
ʥ̳֮߱һ̿Ͱ񵥣Ǵʥ֮ϵĴ̿ÿһ𶼴ɱʥߡǰʮ̿͸һޱȣֲףɱֹһʥߣʵԶԶԽĴ̿͡
̳֮߱У̫ԨĴʥ̿Ƕ̫Ԩ
ʥĴ̿ͶΪȽֻӵʥڵΪһǰȻһʮ֮ȪkǾܹٽһһܹɱɹܹϻһʾ޴ĲƸЩ̿ǷӵĶ
ӿ̳֮߱ϵ춯һЦһĨ֮ɫһȺͼĴֻһȺڻҰˡ
̳߱ӵкüϵĴ֧̿֯ţĪ⡣ҲˡֻҪԼҲǴɱֻҪһʬ壬еͶԼ̳߱ļϴ̿֯Ҳ˵ʲô
̫Ԩʥ̫ԨߵʥأֻЩ۷켫ĴּҲʸ̫Ԩʥࡣ
̫ԨʥƽһŻῪһΣÿһοŶ̫Ԩǵʢ䣬̫ԨʥƱһƱֻд󹫾ϵĹпܻüŽ̫ԨʥƱ
𽡢ʯǡƽʨ޵ȸֳŵĺսͣڳ֮С
һǳ⣬ͻᱻЩֲĳɢֱ
ڽˣ
̫ԨʥڲһƫƧĽ֮УվżŮǰȡīѡǼˡ
һЩȣôֻվƱ
ʱ̫ԨʥѾɽ˺ˡЩ߹Ĵ̳ʮֲӦ
Ȱһ۵ܹŪվƱѾҾţ֮һǰҫļ£Ƿ˺öŪġʥֻᣬҪǲԼȥкöţҪŪվƱأƱҪóȥܹʮ򶥼ħŲţ
æţҵȻšǰͨ󣬾ȻܹŪƱҸΪһ˳λ̳Ҫް취
Ҳʮֵ⣬ҲɽһŮʥύһҫĿķ˺ħŪ˼Ʊ
ʥݵ
һ̫Ԩʥ֎֮һâҫ֮ͨͳͳɨһߣһʮ˲ͨĵ·
֮ͨ߷ֱվãǴһߡ
Ǿʥʥ
˲Ŀߡ
ʥһΰˣ

̫Ԩʥ֮Уһ´֮̾Щ̫ԨǵĴģκһ˿ڳԡ
һһͷɫѩԸޱȣһɫԸе̫ԨǹŮЩĽһ̾ǶȣĽҪʥߵҾͺˡǵСŮūҲá


1163 ʥ
ǿǹ˵Ķȣ֮һĨĽͼ֮ɫɶûƯȴܹվߡĽ
ɫŮһв̫Ԩʥ֎ڰ֮ɢһ˿˿ʥİᣬһĨĽ֮ɫȻʥᣬǼӳʥ߲ʥĵطֻʥ߲ܹĵط̫Ԩʥ֮УҲֻҪܹȥһΣʥĸҲԸ⡣
Щ̫ԨǵĹŮҲһˮʥᣬһĨĽ֮ɫ
ˮʥʥרõĵطһЩ֮⣬ֻʥߡ߿֮ŮܹԤ
ˮʥ᱾ҲһʥرΨһþǽ̫Ԩʥ֎̨ĸЧе¡
ӡ޹ʥŮݵ
һ֮Ӻ޹ʥṲ̊ڣһһˮʥС
ʥŮݵ
һ֮ʥṲֱ̊ڡ
ʥ
kҲˣ
Ǿʥ

֮ڣ̫ԨǹǶĿ⼯ʥϡʥĵһǿߣҵkŮŮҲһʥߡһʥߣ̫Ԩ֮ҲǷëǵĴڣĴȨڵkǸŮ˵С
ʥײβһγ֣Ȼ˵ע⡣
ʥҲˣʥĸ֮ӦûҵԤϡ
濴ʥʱ¶һ˿֮ɫҲһĨڴ
Ϊľͷ֮һʿ󲿷ֵѾܹһ顣ס֮أͬһֻ輧ּɵֶӡ
ʱѾΪʥʿ궼Ѿһ˿ԡЩܹӰ֪õĳ֮ЧֵȤҲǺֻܴóɢɢİˡ
ʥȻҲʥֻӣǰȻ涼΢΢Щڴ
ҫʥʥʥʥʥݵ
һ֮ҫʥһ̤֮ڡ
Ǿҫʥҫĵһǿߣ
Ŀһƣһҫ֮һɫۣò׵ϣӹһĨ֮ɫ
һǿջҪῡҫĵһǿҫʥҲʥ̫Ԩǵһǿ֮λľǿߡ
ҫʥʮһ¸֪ߣһתͷ¶һ΢Ц
Ҳ¶һòЦݡ
ԼʥԼʥŮݵ
һ֮һ𻢱ͷ̬ɢŰԵ֮Ĵʥֱ֮ڡ
ǲԼʥߣһͷϳһǣһͷɫͷ㲨˰㴹ߣԸл𱬣ɢһɸ߹ʵľɫˡ
Լʥ̫ԨԼĵһǿߡǲԼʥŮǲԼ֮츳ǿǱһŮʥ
ԼʥҲֱӽһˮʥ֮ڡ
ħʥݵ
һ޾ħӡһħͬһΧɢһϢòĴʥ̤֮ڡ
ħʥˮʥᣬɫ΢΢һһǰλá
ˮʥ֮ڣֱ壬Լ̫ԨĴǰħʥԵҲѡʱˮʥ֮ڵǿߡ
ɲ۴ʥ
ʥߣ
մʥ

һʥʥ߲ǰǰֱЩ̫ԨĸǿһѵһĴʥʥǷ׷׳֣ж˼
ǿڵˮʥλãг˰ûڣʥ֮УҲǿʥĴڣ
濴ʥƼĳ˼ʥƼǸʥеС֮·һʥļֵӰˡ
еʥ볡֮һ͵Ĺâ֮
̫ԨǵйǶ
һʵ֮УǴһɫȹ绪׵ʥ̨롣
ʥֱӴһָһӡ֡
ݡġ١С١ٵȸָûмһ³̨롣
ÿһһϵرʥر
һԱߣһɫˣʥֳһ
ʥӣ΢΢һţӡ֮ҫһһųĹâޱȵ֣һֱַ˳֮лص
Ǹʥ˲𣡣
˫ۣޱȵ֮У˶·ޱȵְΧţ˼㡣
ޱȵ֮У궼·һϴ;һ˿˿Բ֮Ҳֱ֮ʧ
ɰʥߵԴʱҲޱȵ֮һһɱ䡢ȫգǿ걾Դ
һһɵĿֲϢʥ̫֮Ԩ嶼ǿԲʥ֮ͻƿһٽ׸ߵľ硣
Ҳ֪˶ãޱȵ֮ʧ
Ȼ֮е֮УӡҫϢȹȥǿһ֡
ԭˣ֮·ʮʥΪ֡ӵħʥߵҲֲܹԸɳʥǰץ
һ˫ۣޱȵĹâһ̨֮Ϸ绪ʥϣĪĹâ
ʥ·ӦĿ⣬Ҳ¶һޱȵЦݡ
濴һԾڰĴЦݣҲ¶һ˿Ц⣺ˣһθѾϸСȫ´ĸȥˡ
ʥˣʥȥһۡ
һޱȵˮʥ֮
΢΢һƿˮʥĴţֱ˳ȥ
ֻվһһ£ӨѩüĿ续һͷڷףӵ溣ΪŮ
浭ȥ
ǣʥˣ
һŮʹͷ֮һһĨ֮ɫһʥڵĿֲ˲䱬һźɫħͼֱӷɳ΢΢һչ㽫Ƭӡγһ޾ڰжʥ߰ʶĿֲ
һɫħȻɳɢһ˿˿ޱȵϢһһֻ۾۾֮ӵͫŮȻ֣¶һëȻЦݣһʥ궳Ĺӵk֮һ´ϡ
ǹâϵһ˲䣬о䣬·걻ᡢʱͣһ㣬˼άһ˲䱻һ򱶡


1164 ɱ
ŮֳһīԹγһذݺݴȥ
һһصĿռŻǰȻ֣Ťա
Ǻɫذһ´ǿռŻ֮ڣһӡ֣ɫϢ䣬һռŻᴩһ´ϡ
һ˲䣬ӡ΢΢һǡס˲֮ϸ֣һֻɫħǹᴩ񷣬ŮֱӴȥ
޾Ľɫ˺Ѳ񷣬ѹأһУŮֱӺȥ
Ůɫ䣬һһķȻ֣һöɫҲųޱȵ⡣
ǽɫ˲佫ŮɣŮзһһ飬սŮɱ
һʥ鼶ǿߺķɵˮʥһ֮£ȫ飬ǿֲ׵һʥ֮ڣӲĽʥһСȫĨȥ
ô£
׷ʲô£
ʥΪʲô֣

ʥ֮ڣЩ̫ԨǵĹһг־壬۷׷סĹֱʩչȥ
ʥʿǿ߽֣춯أǿֲನɱ溣ǿߡ̫ԨǵĹһ˾ȻԸ
ѧɷֻ»ˣ
˫֮иֳޱȵӡŮǸȥһ۾Ϳһ֮ߡ
Ů̿ȻӵмΪֲʵһ֮ҲһĶȥһʱʩչɷֻ¸Ҳkټ
ҵˣ
Ŀһ˲Լڵˮʥ֮ڣɱһֳ֡ꪡֱһնʮѿգǲԼڵˮʥķֱնȥ
ʥʲô
һŭޱȵǲԼˮʥ֮ڱһʹôʥԼ庡ƶɵġԼһƿգݺݵնǡꪡ֮ϡ
¡
ɾһ˲Ƭֱ֮ӱըѿ˷ɢȥ
ǲԼڵˮʥҲǿֲޱȵֱӱô¶ĲԼʥԼԼʥŮ
̫Ԩʥ֮ڣһâҫЩ̫ԨǹǷ׷ſֵַʥֵ߽ನ
Լʥһŭɫĵ棬ʥΪʲôҪҶ֣㲻һ飬û꣡
̫Ԩʥ֮һʥߵĿⶼƬ
ɭɱӿԼʥǲԼʥŮȻҴɱҡǺôĹǲԼһ壬ҪΪ𣿡
Լʥʱɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀһ˲ԼʥŮϵʥŮɱʥˣ
ԼʥŮתʥһֱߣû뿪һ̡֪ʥΪҪҡ
ŮȻڵʥ˵ԼʥŮɱ㣬֤ݣ
һʥߵĿⶼϡ
ɭһЦ̿ʮֳɫȻܹҵĸ֪һͱkˡҵkҲʮֹϣĨȥдɱҵĺۼҾͨɷһʱӵ˵k֮ߣֻ»֪ԼʥŮǴɱҵĴ̿͡
һЦȻû֤ݣƾʲô˵ԼʥŮǴɱĴ̿ͣǲҲô˵ʥ棬ɱң
ӣҪɱ㣬ɱ㾹ȻӶңǾ͸ȥɣ
ɱһϵġסһ½ڶ̬һ˲ֱӳǰһնʮɫ϶ΪһһɫâնѲ񷣬ֱնȥ
Ӹû뵽澹ȻԵk֣־ŭһͭȻ֡
ɫâնǹ֮ͭϣǹͭһΪֱն䡣
һƽŶȻɳ·ݻΪһƽ磬ɫâһ
һɫâնǻƽ֮ϣǻƽһΪ˳ն£һնӻʮط磬һΪ
һɺڶȻֱ֣ӽУŵkԴ
ӱնˣ
ǿӣ
ӾȻնˣǿӣһ£ֻҪʥˣ
̫ײУ̫Եˣʥ

ЩʥǼһĻһɫ䣬Ų֮ɫ
ħʥһĻҲֹʥ̫ײаԵˣһҪײаԵٱӾ˵ննˣҲ屨̫ײˡ
ħʥױޱȣɱˣȴҲ׵塣
֮иƣǿꡣʥǿʵҲԶͨʥȻǿ簲ħʥһЩ嶢ϣǵkӵ̵ĵطҰˣԻᱻնɱ
޹ʥŮһʥӱϾһǰͬ飬ɷܹһӣŵkһ·
ܣkȻңǾֻ·һ˭ҲȲ˵kߣʥŮ£Ҫһս
޹ʥŮü΢΢һ壬΢΢һЦ˵һߣҴ˾ҲǾ֮壬ȻʥԸǾˡ
ɨǲԼʥһۣɭޱȵĹâһһԼʥȷǲԼҪӻǸɱҵĴ̿ͣһΪУ
Լʥʱɫһһףҧĵ档
Ȼǿ߶նɱȻԼ巭
ǽձȲԼʵǿϲֹһǲԼ巭ֻҲ׶༪١
ԼʥҧҿʥŮѲ飡Ҫ̫ԨʥߵǰѲ飬鲻ʲôҪҲԼһ
ԼʥŮɫ䣬İʥңʲôûʲôû
ԼʥȥʥѲһ¡ֻҪûڴҵǰʥ̫ܲΪ㡣
ǣ
ԼʥŮһ̾˳
ɨǲԼʥŮһ̾ʥʮλҹû뵽ȻһŮʥһǲԼʥŮ˲𣡣
ҹǰҹ
ôܣ
ҹǴʥʮľ̿͡شʥ

һʥ߶ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀ˲ԼʥŮϡ
ԼʥŮһ޹ʥ˵ʲôôʲô
һնһɫâһֱӽǲԼʥŮն¡
ԼʥŮһףֶϱ֮ӡֵ֣˿ֱסĶ棬һԹ
һīذһ³УǸղŴ̿ʹɱҵʥرҹذҲ֮·ǰʮĴɱر֮һϢֻҪն㣬ȡ걾ԴȻܹǷǴʥŵʮİҹ
ǡҹذҲ롾߱ذסͬһĴɱʥСס壬һУҲܵˡ


1165 ˫ʥ
Լʥɫʱ䣬ĵ棬Ŀò˫ȭգ뷢ѡֻһ뵽ǱĽ壬նӣkͨҳ
ԼʥŮɫ䣬һ̾ʥˣӮˡ´ɱĵӣһʧһ¡ûҾǴʥʮİҹ
ȻǴʥʮİҹû뵽
ԼʥŮȻǰҹǸʥеʮľ̿͡

ʥ֮жʱһƬȻ˭Ҳû뵽ǲԼʥŮȻǴʥеʮľ̿͡
ԼʥҲһ𺧣ԼĶ䡣kôҲû뵽ԼеʥŮǱһӵнʥ֮˵ĲԼʥŮȻһ̿ͣ˵kĸ֪ڴɱ档
ʥҲԼʥŮȻɱʥˣҲԼĴҲԼԸ֧һ֮ȪǲԼ֮ϣһ·
Լʥ·һ²ʮֱ꣬һ񣬰
Լ̫Ԩǿ壬ˣһ֮ҲֻвԼʥһʥ
ԼʥŮǲԼһ֮Уӵдʥ֮˵ľš֪˲ԼʥŮǴʥʮİҹԼҲᾡһе
вԼһڻԼʥŮҲ԰ҹݺ£ɱʥҲʧѰ
ɭһЦһ֮ȪǲԼ壬Լȥȡǿջġ֮Ȫ
ʥҫʥʥüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨâȴĬkǶ˶Ը⿴ٴš汻ɱɴСִҪԼ忪սʥҲ
ԼʥɫҧʥαͱˣҲԼѾԸǸֺαץŴ²ţ
ǲԼһ徹ȻɳʥŮɱңѵǻˣ
ʥеһжһġԸеһֻҪʥŹҲԼ壬ҿԷЧҴˣһΪūΪ澣ΪЧȮ֮͡ȻֻҪʥһ仰ҪҵҲԣֻʥŹҲԼ塣
ԼʥŮֱӹǰʮֹ
ãҾΪ͡ſֿ꣬
Ŀ˲ԼʥŮһָۣһţǡס֮һӡһǲԼʥŮȥ
ǲԼʥŮֿƾӡ֮ϡһk춯ӡֱӻٵꡣ
ԼʥһĻһĨ֮ɫ
᳡֮УвҪɱҵСǶһնǡ
ȻһЦסĻе˫һһ˲Ƴһʯͷ֮ǰֱһնһɫâնʯͷնȥ
һʯͷһһֻʯצɫâץȥ
ɫâһնʯצ֮ϣʯצֱһΪ˳ƽʯͷһնء
һɺڶȻ֣ʥʿʯͷֱ£ŵkԴ
溷Ȼֻɱʯͷâʥֱ֮ӷɳطȥ
ǼȻˣǾͳͳɣ
浭һЦһ˲Ƴһͷʥǰһնһɫâֱӽʥзͳͳնƣ˳ƽʥֱնأһɺڶȻ֣ʥֱ¡
֮кȻֳһռ磬ǲдʥһͷײǿռ֮ϣʱֱӵɻ
һܼڿռз֮еĿռȻ֣ڱβ񷣬һһĿռ硣
һ˲Ƴһ𼡷ʺɫħƣԸл𱬣ޱȣͷϳֻϴǵŮ̿ǰһŮֱ̿նȥ
һϴǵŮʥߴ̿ͻʧɫס֣ʥˣԸΪЧʲôΪһɣ
㲻ʥڵĴ̿ͣҪã
ޱ飬ɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬һն£ɫâǳϴǵŮʥһķͳͳն飬ǳϴǵŮʥնȥ
ʥʿǿ߲ԽԽãҪһҪʥߵıԴܹٽǶ۷塣
¾ӵһʥʿҲȲ׳Ϊʿʵۡ
ʺɫ³ԸŮʥߴ̿ʹеʥ˰ҹҲ뻹һ̿ͳ졣˾ܹµĴ̿֯ðҹһ˶ƿĴ̿֯ƽ⣬ҲЧʱõ¡
һɫâ΢΢һɢʮֹĴԽգһնһòһЫβʥϣһЫβʥֱնء
ʥˣͶ
һЫβʥߴеһɺڶȻ֣һھͽһЫβʥֱɡ
ϴǵŮʥ߼һĻ΢΢˺¡㹻ʱֻѾɺڶ֮ڣɱԴҳˡ
ֿ
ָһţӡǡס֮зɳһ´ϴǵŮʥڣĲ֮ϡ
ɨһϴǵŮʥߵʲô
һŮʥ߹ϣҽҹҹػ񣬴ʥڶʮλҹС
һʥʥߴ̿͡
ֶʥߣӴˡ
ʥĴ̿ÿһӵдɱʥߵʵʥõkǣˡ

ڳʥǿŮʥ߱潵з׷һĨ֮ɫ
ҹҹжǳɹɱʥߵĴʥǿߣǳ棬뻢ٴα
Ӵ֮ΪУͱյ𶥼̿͵Ĵڣвʥпܱɱ
ɨ˲Լʥһ۵Լʥʮ֮ڣ֮ȪԼʥŮɱҵ飬һʹ
ԼʥŸ֮ɫһ̾ǣʥ
ʵӵдʥΪĲԼʥаջ档µĻеս׺ף嶼ֱӻ𡣼аԵʮ㡣ԼʥҲԼһս
ߣ
һУʥУֱ뿪ǲƲ̫Ԩʥ
̫Ԩʥ֎֮зһУܿʹ̳֮߱Уһһ޴ޱȵķ籩
ҹȻ̫ԨǲԼʥŮǳԤϡ
Լ徹ȻʥƵýһʥŮʥײУ
ʥеʮİҹڶʮλҹСʮλĶ̡ʮλĺڷ硢ʮλĺǣȻ䣬ȳʥ棬һˡ
˵Ӷʥ浱նˣ
ôĵӣʥҪ忪ս𣿡

̳֮߱У̿֯۷׷ס


1166 ħԨ۹
ʥ֮ϵʥߴ̿඼ҹһһػ񣬻һӴ̿֯졣
Ǵʥ֮ϵʥߴ̿һ䣬kػ塢ڵĴ̿֯һ֮֡
ҹ֮Ի˹ϵѡ񳼷棬Ϊػҹ塣һ䣬ҹҲûһʥߣһ±Ϊµ壬Ϊ
ʥ֮ϵʥߴ̿ͲˣһУʮ֮һݻ٣Ȼ˾޴ޱȵķ籩
һ±ɽ˱֮
ɱʥ棬һö
ûãһϢһ³̳֮߱ϣٴ˾޴ޱȵĺ䶯
Ǵֱʣ忴ķŭˣ
ǿĹʵǡһһÿһνֻöκһöӵ̥ǣЧ
Ҳǿʿ˽ޣӵоżʵľΪ֮񡣡
ʥǿֻҲΪ֮ģ

̳֮߱УĴ̿Ķͣж¶һ˿˿˷ܵĹâ
ʿĴ˴ʿʵۺճѹ壬ʿı׼ҲѾ鲼ء
Щǿ߶Ѿ֪ҪΪʿʵۼǿߣһǱ˽ޣӵоżʡ
Щʥ֮ϵʥ̿ͶǸͣȴûһ˽ɱ
˶֪ӵȴû˸ҽһǿѾǴʥ֮еĴ̿ľټǴʥʮĲԼʥŮʥڶʮλҹѾΪĻЩ̿Ǿ͸Ӿ衣
˽ˣǴʥڶλû֮֡
˵֮УһʥڵkСҲֻеkȥɱʥĹ
˽ˣǴʥλ˫ӡ컷ʥڵkС
һλʥһλ֮ۡǴɱʥĿֲ
ʥǰĹǾȻȫʥ濴ˣ
ʥǰĹ֣ʥҲ״ɱʥ棬ˣ

̳֮߱УЩ̿ǿʥǰǿ׼֣һĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷ס
̫ԨһΪǺӵطʯȺʯȺ֮Ÿǿ޳û
һâҫһʥ˺Ѳ񷣬ԶٵƬǺ
Щ˺溣ǿߵǿǶЩʥѹԼĲϡ
֮ƬǺӾѾЩʥΪƽأտޱȣһʯеǿҲȫɱ
ǴǺӵ룬ſֲĺɫħ磬Ǻɫħʴ溣ǿ߱Ǻɫħһһ߱ħʴʬ塣
ǿֲĺɫħ֮Уطֱվһʥߣÿһʥ϶ɢһ˿ʥǺɫħ磬Щʥϣ˿޷˺kǷֺ
һǧ·ڱβһĿֲɫ˺գһ½ٵ˴˵أɢ޾ɫâЩɫħֱ
ҫˣ
һĿ⼯һɫľϡ
һƬƺͶӰһ³Ƭ֮УͶӰһתΪʵ޾ƺһʥУ˿Ŀ
Ҳˣ
һĿҲƵһƬ޾ƺ֮У·Ҫƺ֮еʲôڡ
֮Уһ˿˿ҫһֻӴޱȵǼʽӴ֮зɳ
壬ʥ
ʥȻҲˣ
ʥkһ鷳ˣ

һʥĿⶼһֻӴޱȵǼʽ֮г˾衣
һ֮·еʥ߾ͳʮ𣬴ʥǿҲ˼Сеʥ̫߱Ԩʥ߶Ҫö࣬ЩʥȻɵ
ִһƬǺ֮󲻾ãһƬǺ֮УһޱȵӡȻ֡
ԲǹޱȵӡȡһգһŤһֱߴһڹľ޴ǳȻ֣ա
ˣ
ħԨ۹
ǾħԨ۹ħԨ۵칬

һʥǿǿž޴ǳ֣ж¶̰֮ɫһһž޴ޱȵǳֱӷȥ
ǳħԨ۵ʱס칬Ȼܹڱ콢ɨ裬콢ɨѹֱ֮ڣ˲𣡡
ħԨ۹һһĨ֮̾ɫ
һʥһӴܹ׵ɨ跽ԲءֻҪЩʥһ˵µλһжᱻkǸ֪
κһʥһЩ͵λ֮УԳΪһȫ֪ȫܣܵ񡣲ħԨ۹ʿʵۼǿ߾ס칬֮УȻ׿ӣضӵػ
ħԨ۹ĺ֮ڣʥߵĸ֪ᱻѹʮ֮ڣ޷ӵ˽
һǧľ޴΢΢һΣֱӷħԨ۹ڵǳ֮ڡ
ƺҲһ˲ǳ֮ڡ
Ӵ󽢶ӽ֮ӡҫֱӷǳ֮ڡ
һǿǳ֮һƬɫ洦ɼһߴǧϵľϵľ
Щ޴ޱȵĹ֮ѵһĳֲܹܹ֮۵ǳǳ
Ǹλһ㶼λ汾Դ֮ܵĸгɳܹǿλɳһϡֲ
ǳ룬һߴǧֱľ޴ǳħԼԪǿž޴Ĺ۶ȥȻǿž޴ޱȵĹǳࡣ
ͨǿҲħܵ򣬲ʥ˵ǳħڣټ򵥲
ͨսˡ̻˴ս֮зɳ䵽ǳ֮ϣʼѰǳ֮еĸϡԴ
ǳĵطѾ淢֣һǳһ޴ޱȵıأֵϸ̽
ħԨ۹룬һߴǧľ޴֮ϣһƬ಻ϵĹȺһ̻Իͣΰ׳һ칬
ħԨ۹ǵһġıˣ
һɫĹâ̺ٶȰ壬ԳԽٵĿֲٶȴԶһ³ǹȺ֮ڣս䣬ֳΣһһ˫̺֮ٶȰӡʥߡ
һʥ߳ٶƵ壬ٶ̫Ԩ֮ҲǰʮĴڣһЩʥٶȶȲϵk
һʥһ䵽ħԨ۹֮ϣӡħԨ۹֮и֣һڵkϣͬһһ㽫kĲơ
һֻɫļʸᴩգɱһУħԨ۹֮һ´ʥߣʥֱӹᴩ


1167 
ɫǹ֮һ´ʥߵ֮ϣʥ߹ᴩֱ빬ʧ
콢֮УȻĿ΢΢һħԨ۹࿴һۣ˼
콢֮зɳǳ֮ϣ仯Ϊһе
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ʱʿʵۼǿ߲õĽ绯ʧȥ֮ħԨ۹ӵܹ赲ʥǿֱ߽졣
ƺֱӷֿһ¶ʥߣʥŮ֮⣬ʥһǰ
ʥһͬ̽˵Σ
һǧߴ֮и֣ſѪڣɫзɳˣҫʥǿաԼҫʥߡ
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ٶֲ̫ҫȻ潻ãͬҲʮּɵ˽ҫѾһ忪ʼ֣š
һħԨ۹֮ڣһâҫһʥҲħԨ۹֮ڡ
˭ҲûпһŤɫŨֵʥһħԨ۹ͬҳһױӵk֮ɢ䣬鲼k֮ء
ʥһдػȣһ·֮϶ûκεˣֻһЩҲkȥ
ǴʥѾǿߣѾû̫Ĵº˺kǡ
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ħԨ۳ߵ칬ʲôˣȻôµ칬ѵҪ𣿡
һźɫսףһͷɫףʮͬβһǴ̵ʯһ۾ӡ֣ɢһɴʥĿֲȵ
һ˲䣬ʯʯϰ룬һһͷɫͬսһǿ߱ɢŴʥʯ֮߳Խʱⳤӣִ
ʥǴʯ֮߳ĴʥһĨâ޾ɫ΢΢һЦӦþħԨµʮʥ֮һϼʥħԨʱҲʧԭǱӡkᣬǿϧϼʥħԨѾ䣬֣һͬƿħԨ۹Σ
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Ǵ˴塢ҫ֣ټΧʥߡʥʥѾһȫ׵κεֿ
һ̺ŲʥĿֲһºʯ֮УֹâҫһһħԨ۹ǿֱ߱Ӻɷ顣

ϼʥâҫԦŷһеɫԣһɫĺһ³һʥǰһնһɫ˺Ѳ񷣬նʥߵĻʮַһʥնء
ɫսһһ㽫ʥߵ÷顣
һĻЩʥһСĽһԶԶأϼʥ档
ϼʥ׺ףս˫һնɱʥ֮󣬲űҫʥʥǿֽס
һֻӴޱȵʯڳ̫Ԩʥһɱֱ֮ش̫Ԩʮʥ֮ձ̫Ԩʥһһݻ١
ʯÿݻһߣһЩʥ߾ȥЩһЩʥߵϣͱЩʥߵĲʥֱ顣
ʯűݻ֮ϼʥҲ̫ԨʥֺƬ
ʯŹϷһ֮ЩʥǲżħԨ۹ǰ
һƬ㳡һâҫЩʥǷ׷ɢȥħԨ۹ص֮طȥ
ּжЩıﶼʥȴʥУʥֻܹõһиˡ
ʥҫʥһۣҲʮĬѡ˲ͬķǰ
ЩʥһֿܿħԨ۹֮ڣѰҵ˸ޱȵıһ̰ħԨ۹ȥ
ڷֿˣ֣
ħԨ۹һһͷϷʮǴ̵ħԨʥһЦһɫħһ
ӡɫħ֮и֣ħԨ۹
һħԨ۹·һ»һ㣬޾ħУγһƬƬޱȵħڱβ񷣬֪
ӡħԨ۹֮ڸ֣ѹħԨ۹֮ڣ̫Ԩǿߡ
һֻɫļʸϢһһ̫Ԩʥߵؿڣ̫Ԩʥ߹ᴩ
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һǰǿʥ֮һȻѾħԨ۹ͲҪˡΪҽĶʳɡԱߵλŮʥҲԳΪҵʮ߷С檣Ϊһǿ׳Ķӡ
һԵޱȵƬ֮һϼʥƣòӴ֮߳¶һ˿˿Ц⣬ʥһУޱȵ
ʥкâһʲôˣ
һħԨʥ΢΢һЦħԨħԨħԨһ峤ĵһ˳λ̳ˣܸܹλ


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ʥһЦƾһˣħԨ۹Ľ磬뽫𣿡
ʥһʥڣ̫ԨһľǿߡǷʲôʱһһǿߡ
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ʥɫ䣬ĶħԨʲôʱµ䣿
һֻʯ֮ڣÿһʯڲӡʱ䡾ߡÿһʯġߡûзӡһʥߵҲǵľ衣һʯŵ֮صġߡһ߶Զ˯¡
ټħԨ۹ħԨ֮ǿǿǡߡߡЧǴʥҲֵܵס⡾ߡħԨ΢΢һЦ
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һϵĹȻʥڷɳһͷϱһֻ׵鼶߹ȻɳһͬһķȻ֣ػסһǿߡ
һϵĹ׾ѹһ˵ĵۼر߹ס̫һͷһʿʵۼ鼶߹źƶɵĵۼر̫Ԩһ
ħԨһǡ߹סһĨ˷֮ɫЦۼرħԨһˡ
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ܹ֮նɱʥǿߣӵеۼرʱ֮顿ڵĲʱŴʥǿΧʱ١Ҳ޷նɱ´ʥ
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ħԨһЦһ֣ħԨһǿȻ֣ʩչǿޱȵطǡ߹סػȥ
ǡ߹סػǿףħԨһǿô޷ơ
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ħԨһЦħԨ۹ħԨһߡ˵Ǹ˾һʥħԨ۹ҲҪ׸
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Ǽ̳Χɼһ̫Ԩʥߡʥ̱ڵϣЩħԳǿ߿š
һƼ׵һɫսìһͷɫԣɢһϢ鼶ҫЫӰޱȵػסҫһС
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ħԨʥɨǱܶĲԼʥħʥɲ۴ʥմʥԼҫʥʥһۣһĨ֮ɫ
ʥÿһǾ춯صľ콾һػƽħԨʥҲֻܹһһеɲ۴ʥմʥưһĴʥڵkĽ£õk˷ܺͳɾ͸С
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ס֣
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ħԨʥЦ̫ԨΪУΣֻҪգܹɨ£ѹеˣһ̫ԨֻħԨһĺ԰
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ħԨܹգڳʥֻ¶ΪkյļƷʿʵۼǿÿһ֮ĳһַ໥ںϣΪ淨һ֣ӵޱߵͬkǵĸҲҪԴ
Ϊˣʿ֮еĵۼǿǶʱ֮Уѡʯѩǰѣ⵽˾޴ޱȵķɡ
ħԨͨʲôķʽգҪպ̫Ԩʥ߾ǵkյĶʳ
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1169 ɨ
ʮʥڵĹԶֱӺƬֱ̳Ӻȥ

ħԨʥɫȻ䣬ֳһɫȨһָ
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Ǳܵʥ֮Уһ޾ŤɫֵһĲԼʥŮһ±ʧ

ħԨʥüͷ΢΢һ壬ŲԼʥŮߵķһۣٹע
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ȻħԨ۹֮ڵĸڵ֮г֣һ
ħԨ۹Χһڵ㣬ʼһһ
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ǼڱβսͬˮһӿħԨ۹ΧĹħԨ۹ĸֽħԨ۹һĺ飬١
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ħԨʥâȵʥĻ̫ԨеʥߡֹͣҾͰѵkͳͳɱˣ
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ħԨʥһħԨ۹Ľ磬ħԨ۹֮һһʯͷһݶ˿ֲƻһĻеһһ顣
е֮У๤̻ѸٵĽ󲿷ûȫݻٵĻекգر֮ڻ¯졣
ȻħԨʥƴֿЩħԨǿҲħԨ۹ĽڽڵֿȻ˲أһڻ֮л
ÿǿĹԴݻٵʱһʥڵĹһֱΪƽء
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ħԨʥɨ˲Լʥʥһۣɱһţ
ħʥʮֹϵľͽԼʥԼʥŮԼʥŮѾΪʥ檡Ǵʥ֮еʮİҹءԵkвʥӦÿʥֹͣ죡
Լʥɫ΢΢һ䣬˳Ĭ֮С
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λʥǼȻħԨãǾȥɣ
ħԨʥâһӶһħݺݵʥֱնȥһɫĵâһʥ䱻ħԨʥһնأ궼ֱնñ顣


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ϵˣɱﵣң
һɺڶȻ֣˲һ㣬һ½ħԨʥֱɡ
ǿֲޱȵ֮ȻħԨʥԴ
ɰ壿ǿİ壬ϧʵ̫Ҫңʸ񣡡
ħԨʥһĨâеġħԨ촸һɺڶ֮ϣɺڶֱӺñ顣
һɫâֱһն£ԼʥħԨʥץŵұֱնϣһȿռȻ֣ԼʥֱС
ħԨʥɺڶֱƷĿޱȵտȥֻ澲վ֮УȻṳ̂ħԨ۹֮ڵ˼
澲վħԨ۹֮ͶɣħԨʥħԨһԸΪЧôҿƴһ塣
ʥֻҪն㣡ħԨ֮ΣͿԽ⿪̫޴ˡΪһŮ˸׾ͱ¶ڣ
ħԨʥâһһ̤˲仯Ϊһף֧صľˣӶǡħԨ촸ֱӺȥ
һڱβĴӰȻ֣˷ԲһȦȦĲȥ
ҿɲһˣ
һĨ֮ɫ콢âһʮʥڵĹͬʱ䣬һ촸Ӱȥ
ʮʥڵĹһǿֲޱȵĴӰ֮ϣǿֲޱȵĴӰֱӺòϲһ֡
ÿһʥڵ൱һʥȫһʮʥȫһûлǿֲĴӰǡħԨ촸֮ǿɼһߡ
ϵġסâҫһ±仯ڶ̬ĦʯԴԴϵĳȡעڣֱӵ˴ʥĿֲ
ֱӻӶꪡһնһɫâնѲ񷣬ǿֲޱȴӰնƣ˳նħԨʥϣħԨʥնһ޴ޱȵĿӡ
֮УͬһŮһҹȫֳ֡߱ذסħԨʥֱһ̡
ħԨʥոձشӦһ˲䣬΢΢һŤȴȻǡ߱ذסһ´Ҹ
ӡǡ߱ذס֮и֣ħԨʥ֮ӿ
ħԨʥʮֹϣצһģһ˸ԼҸͬǡ߱ذסһͬɡ
ԼʥŮʮֹĸħԨʥֳһʥذһ´ħԨʥı
ʮҲֻһ˲䣬ֱնһֲ׵ĵâħԨʥնȥ
Χķӡ׼Ԧһӡ֮˷ħԨʥȥ
Щӡ׵ķӡ֮ÿһֻܹӡסħԨʥһǳǧķӡ֮ȴԲϵħԨʥ
飡
ħԨʥһŭ𣬲һзĳȡ֮е߶ǡħԨ촸һ
һ𵴲˷ɢȥԼʥŮʮֱشʮӡԼĶʮս˶ͳͳ촷ۡ
һɫâն𵴲ƣ˳նħԨʥ֮ϣħԨʥһΪ
һɺڶȻ֣ħԨʥûšħԨ촸İһɣʥԴ
ң
ֻʣħԨʥһ·һޱȵĺ֮
Ǽ̳֮ϣһӡҫǹײĸһ´򿪣һ˿˿ֲޱȵĵѹķ
һֻɫۼ׵ִǹײ֮һץһ´֮ڣᴩգڤڤ֮еɷֱץȥ
ɫ䣬ӡ֣һʵսַͼնһצ
涯ʲô޷նǹ·עҪһצֱץס
ҪɱңǾͿûǸˣ
һĨâӡҫܣ߶ǡꪡһնʮѿգ޾ɫ׻һնѲ񷣬޼᲻ݵɫâһֻצնȥ


1171 ѹħԨ
һնɱʥɫâһնֲֻľ֮ϣһֲֻľһųһ˿˿ɫħγɵӡֱһץǿնɱʥâֱ飬ֱץȥ
ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱⳤһ߸֣ٶһ±
һɫħ䣬ʱⳤһ䣬ֱӽһʱⳤѹ̮
Ҫ
һǡҪһ
һϵӡȻɳһ±仯ΪһǶǣƲɢһ˿˿ϢġҪ
ǡҪ룬һźһźõʬƶɣ֮ϣһ߲ƲĺǣǺ֮ǰɵһߵߺǡ
һߵߺ˫һ¸ֳһ˿˿İĹâ޾ɱֻʣºǵһģһѹصĿֲһһֻ޴ħ֮ϡ
ɿֲ׵֮н֯𵴡
һɿֲޱȵǡҪ֮д֮еĲʥ
ۼر֮κһӵо춯صҪʹkǶҪ˺
ǡҪףʱѾյ˿ѹǿߵĳ̶ȣҪĵҲǾ춯أš
ɱkǣ
һ˿˿ҫԹɵȱ潵ʥǶһһ֣·ħԨǿֱӹȥ
֮УʮʥսâҫͬһħԨ۹֮ڣһֱӺ÷顣
޾սͬˮһӿħԨ۹֮ڣ·һͳͳ˺Ƭ
Щڼ̳֮µʥҲµսͳͳץߡ
һܼһΣһ³˼̳Ĺײ֮ϣȴһǿޱȵĽ絲ס۵kô޷նǸֲĽ硣
Ǹ̳âһâҫڳħԨǿ׷ըѿһ̺ѪǼ̳ȥ
Ȼ֣ݻγһֲޱȵĺڶһħԨǿߵѪꡣ
һҲħԨѪ֮һɡ
ķӡ֮һº֮УҲһħԨѪӡһ֡
ǼڱβսҲֱһһħԨѪգӡҫ׷׽
ЩսƼʿʯĴƼĽᾧѾԽԭĿƼѪ겻ϵĽøǿ
ȻĻеȫգѪȻ˼̳֮С
ջһѪɫĺûǹײ֮ڡ
꣡
ǹײĸһ´򿪣һ߾ףĿ࣬ӡȱ·֮ĳַĿֲǿһ³֣˫֮âҫ𺳲񷡣
ߣ
ôħԨ۸𣿡
ˣ

塢ҫʥһӦһѹأ޵еĵϢɫ䣬жһĨ֮ɫ
ǾȻҴű۵ĸգЩϣȻ·ϣһǾ壡֪ð۵ĺ
ħԨһųɫĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬ɨڳһۣɭޱȣŰԵ׵ɱ⣬Ƭ𵴡
ˣ
ʥҫʥʥһĨ֮ɫkǶȫʢ֮ʱ֣ҲδħԨ۵Ķ֡ڵkǶѾеۼرػҲԵסһߵĹ
Ҳɫ䣬вϵļ㣺ʿʵۼǿߣԣkϢʿʵҪöࣿô£ѵǰѻô𣿿ѩǰѣҲûô
ʲô߸գkֻһʬˡkѾû˲֮һ߸ոյĵʬˡ棬ҪȡˣҶס
һǡҪ֮дһɿֲޱȵ֮һϣĳȡŵk
һɲ֮䣬ͱɣСҲĳȡԭСһ±øɺԡ
ǡҪȡԴʱǡסâҫĦʯ֮һ´ӴޱȵעǡҪ֮С
һڡҪ֮ϵĵߺһվ͸ӡĲڵk֮ϡ
һߺһģԽգݻΪһֻ޴ޱȵɫƴħԨۺݺȥ
һħԨɫ䣬һУǡħԨ촸һڵkУպݺһ
һȦȦȻ֣޾ӡڣһᴩ˹ȥڡδĴӰգŻǵߺֱӺȥ
ÿµĹ
ʥһأһǹkkԵֵסӵеۼرҲᱻһشǱֱӻɱ
ҫʥҲһĨǴ˵֮еĵߣȻǿ󣡵kǳ̫Ԩܵ
ǵߺɫĴֺݺһɫĴӰ֮ϣӲĽǴӰһ顣
ɫӰһ˲䣬ǵߺǵҲֱӱѡ
ɵߺǹɵĺһ´ǵߺ֮мᴩգħԨһ̡
ħԨ˫һץһɫħâնǺ֮ϣǺòϲ
ǹޱȵĺֱӴħԨ۵ķ磬һ´˵k֮ڣӡҫħԨֱӷӡһǼ롣
Ǻֱһ㽫ħԨγɵĹǼһ³֮УûǡҪ֮ڡ
棬Ҫһ£ʬ֮ڣ޷ҡ
ǡҪֱ֮ӻһöӡһ·֮ڡ
ʥĿɿڴѹˣħԨ۾kѹˣ
ҫʥҲһ˼飺ôܣǿһۣһյĴ۾ѹˣôܣ
Ů֮ҲһĨ֮ɫֲȻҶԽ֣ԭĵơǽǴʥֻҲǱɱģ
ԼʥŮҲ󷢺£ۣȻ۶ѹҵǲ֪ߵغ񣬾ȻҶ˳֡ҼʱͶȻԼֻ´ʱѾˡ
ۣǿһۣʥѹˣ
ҵ۾ûлɣǿħԨۣһ޵еĴۣոոգôᱻѹǴʥ
ֱˣ
ӽ̫Ԩˣ

ЩӪȳʥǼһĻҲɫ䣬Ų֮ɫԼ۾
ħԨһ޵аʿʵۼǿߣѹǿߡһ޵ոովͱʥǵĴֱѹֱŵ˼㡣
ҹ֮ҲһĨ˷֮ɫϹȻһܹ㡣ֻҪΪȫȫЧҰҹҲһΪǿ֮һ


1172 ʥ
ħԨ۾Ȼѹˣ
ֻʣһħԨʥһĻŲ֮ɫ
ʥˣס֣ħԨһԸ⳼ˡ飬ħԨһԸ⳼ˣħԨˣס֣ʥΪС

ħԨʥһЩڱɱħԨǿߣһ¹ǰ
׼֮дʣ²ǧ˵ħԨǿ߼һĻҲս⣬׷׹£ֿ
Ŀ΢΢һƣһ̫Ԩʥϣ¶һ˿˿Ŀ⡣
ħԨһǾ涾ߡ̫ԨʥֱӶ̫Ԩʥһ򾡡
̳֮еʥǻ̫Ԩ˳ϵʥߡʥһkͳͳ䣬̫ԨͻҲûֵܹı档
֮⣬潫˵صʥߡʥͳͳԴͿһٵ춨Ÿ߽ײĻ
һͷˮϵʥʮֹϵĹڵϹʥ߶лʥľ֮Ը鸽ʥ£ΪʥЧʥ
ܺãֿ
ָһţһӡǡס֮ӿֱǻʥֱӴȥһ´ǻʥߵ֮ϡ
һҫ׹⣬ͷ۵ʥߵʥʯʥߣлһ飬ҹʯԲǡһȥ֮һʮ֮Ȫлʥľ֮
ʯʥߣǹʯһʥߣ㣬ȻȥʯԼȡãǸã
һЦָһţһɺڶȻ֣ʯʥһ˽ȥʯʥߵԴ
ɺڶ֮£ʯʥ߽֧ʱ䣬㻯һƬҽɺڶֱ֮ӷɳ
ǳʥԸΪʥЧǳԸΪЧȮ֮͡
ԳʥԸΪʥЧҳԳԸΪЧȮ֮͡

Щʥһʯʥ䣬ʮʶʱֱͶ棬ƾ涯øӡڣȫһ֮䡣
ЩԥҪʱʥ߶ֱɣһʥߡʥǷ׷ѡͶ档
ħʥԸΪʥ˵ūͣƾߡ
ԴɱĿһڰħʥϣǰħʥʮֹϵĹڵϣͶصĹ
ʥ߿ǲҪİħʥΪ֮Ŀ
ʥÿһʥʿǿߣһػһĵ̡kǶӵԼĽ㱻ȳ棬ҲԳԾӡħʥΪһʥȻҪūֱͣš
ʥūͣãҾΪͣ
汾뽫ħʥֱɣԼıԴ֮ħʥȻԸΪͣҲ͸ı⡣
ʥǿߵĵλ󣬾˴ʿʵ֮УϣҲֻʿʵӵдʥˡ
ָһţӡֱӸ֣˰ħʥڡ
ħʥʮʵûˣУƾӡԼ֮Уơ
ԼʥһĻһĨ֮ɫħʥkk޲ýħʥֱɱǰħʥȻѾͶ棬ΪˣkҲûκΰ취
ԼʥԸ⳼ʥˣҲԼҲԸΪЧȮ֮͡
ĿһڲԼʥϣԼʥҲʮֹϵ
̫Ԩʥ֮УִûֻôһΡԼʥλ˼ǻkλ֮ϣҲԲŹĺûᡣκ赲ƿ̫ԨĴڣᱻٵkŮѾΪЧҲˡ
΢΢ףصӡӡס֮зɳһ²סԼʥꡣ
Щʥߡʥÿһǲ֪˶꣬ϼ޻ĴڣΪkһ仰ֱŵkǣڹؼʱ򣬾ԻᱻkǳԵͷʣ¡
ħʥ˫ȾѪСסƿصkԻԥĽkɣkһ˿Ļᡣ
Ŀһƣʥǿϡ
ʥʮֹϵʥֻҪƽ뿪ԳΪ̫Ԩ֮ףʮǳҸһʮ֮Ȫһؿ⣬ƾѡټͬʱǩͬԼͬˣ໥㿴Σ
䵭ȷʵˡˡߡǰʥֻҪڴ˵أѹĵۼرһ壬ƾʲôҿ⣿һͳ̫ԨѾǴϲòôõĻᣬѾֵܳڶΡκ˶ܹ赲ҵĽŲǲǾ͸һһʷĳɡ
̫ԨΪ֮·һ򣬾ֻһ߾ҲΪӵԴ
һֱ̫Ԩ֮ģֻʵ̫Ԩ⣬ŵһ̶֮󣬱㿪ʼսʵ
̫ԨʥѾ߳ѾͶ棬еѾ̫ԨκĵֿĴûȻܰװ״
볼֮ĹϵɲһԼ濼ԼΪءΥҲ޿κΡȫΥͻܵͷص֮
ʥɫһ±ʮѿֻǵkҲһۣʮֹϵãʥˣʥԳΪЧһҲԹߡһֻһǾӭȢҵŮŮҽǵǶ۷壬ضҪҵŮΪѸ¡
ʮֹϵãҴӦ㣡
̫Ԩ֮һޱȡȫܹԼμʥ̫ԨһǿߣȻǷ֮УҲսʱԻʹʥĶǿߣܹΪҲһİ
ŮҲһˣ绪ǣ̫ԨʥеŮȡΪҲûִ̫
ʥһУ߹סֱӷԼУҲֱӱ
ӡҲǡס֮зɳûʥڡ
ǿ΢΢һ̾ʥɲԿҵ֮ϣŹҫ壿
żᶨ֮ɫǸǴƣ̫Ԩ־ڱصá֮Ľ顣ҿԷһ뿪
ҫʥһЦããʥȻе֮˵İҫʥҲԸ⳼ҫҲԹߡҲһһһʥӭȢҫ߿ΪѸ£òʣԼǱҫ֮ڣضŮ
ҲնӦã
ҫʥһ֣ǵۼرҫЫìһ·ɻ˵kС
ӡǡס֮зɳҫʥһڵķϯȥkǵڡ


1173 һͳ̫Ԩ
ħԨʥȥkϵġߡ֮⿪
ħԨʥϣߡ֮䣬Ҳһѵõҩ⡾ߡΪ˵߳˯ɱҩд䣬ֻգ֮ͻɱ䡣˵֮⣬ֻܹõkǳա
ʿ֮УЩʿʵͬһεĵߣҪٽһʮѡЩǶϡŹֵ䡢ħҩȵ뾡취ǰԼʵߡǲ֪һ߿䣬Ҳ֪ħҩԡ
ħԨ۹ıʲô
ĻеħԨ۹֮ڣһ·ɨԴһɨգҵ˲ƵۼرҪϡħԨһħԨ۹֮ڲ֪Ѿס˶꣬Ȼ֪ħԨ۹֮ıġ
ħԨʥϣħԨ۹ıħԨ֮ءħԨһʥ֮󣬶ħԨ֮ؽеȥγħԨʥҺȴգħԨʥҺһٵǶ۷塣
ʿʵۼǿÿһʵ죬kǵĸͬҪպܹѣָ޵֮ˡ
ҹȥ
ħԨʥǣϣ
һûбڻݻٵĹһ޴ɽǰ
ɽɽۣػ֮£һɢŲʥ峺͸ĺһԲ׵ССħԨ֮أħԨһʥ֮Դħء
һħԨ֮ضʱüͷ΢΢һ壺ħԨ֮أȻһأӵϧҲħԨһǿߣҪħԨʥҺе鷳
ħԨ֮ħԨħԨ۹ɵصءκʥһħԨ֮أͻᱻħԨ֮صֱӻȥħԨʥҺ
浹ǿǿйħԨ֮ΧĽ磬һħԨ֮Ҳֱը󲿷ֵħԨʥҺֱɢ
ħԨʥҺѾЩתΪһֳԽʥܹյĴڣֻħԨۻ߲ܹ׵ЩʥҺ
ʱǡסһ´һĲ
΢΢һǡסֱӻһ⣬ûħԨ֮ڣħԨʥҺ
Ҫһȥã
һǵۼرꪡֱӳС
ʱӵеļۼر֮УҲֻСꪡסħԨ촸ӵ飬ӵһ˿顣
ǡꪡ֮һ·Ľ֮⣬ȴûнħԨ֮е˼
סһִ죬ĵ·ޱȵĵۼر̺ͬɰɸΪãĦʯޱȣ̺İȻħԨʥҺ
ǡסâҫһޱȵıԴ֮дһûǡꪡ֮ϡ
΢΢һһħԨ֮ԣʼ
֮һ޴ޱȵķ籩һ̫Ԩ֮д
塢Լ塢ҫ嶼ѾʥʥΪ
ô塢ҫ壬kô᳼ʥ
Ůҫ߿Ҫ޸ʥΪkǽһҫһжѹʥϣ߱
֮⣬塢ԳȽһٸϵ嶼ѾʥʥΪ̫ԨҪһ籩ˡ

塢Լ塢ҫʥһصУֱӷ棬棬һΪĳ̫Ԩ򶼱𶯣еޱȣ۷׷ס
Ӽһȼڻǳǳ֮оסǿѻһ壬ӵһʥʿڵʥߡ
Ӽ֮һһ˿˿һƬƺ˺Ѳ񷣬֮֡
ǿѻʥ߳һ
ʥƬ֮лصʥڵĿֲ˷ɢȥ
ҫһͷ峤ߴʮףȼܻľ޴ǿѻǼӼ֮зɳ
ǿѻʥߵʥ֪ʥ˴ǰкιɣ
ʥһѾʥʥѾҪһͳ̫ԨǿѻʥߣһǴӦΪʥЧǾʹ뿪̫Ԩ򣿡
ǿѻʥߵǿѻһ岻ԸɷŹǣ
ʥԣֻҪǿűһ飬ѰҼԴȻǾͿƽ뿪̫Ԩʥ˱֤׷ɱǡǲӦҲֻܹǶˡ
ǿѻʥһ̾ʥ˻ǰԵðɣǻ뿪̫Ԩһı⣬Ҳǿţѡ
һӵнǿѻһʵټĻеšҫ塢Լǿѻһǲ뱻壬ֻܹӦ
һ塢ҫ塢Լ塢Ļе̫֮Ԩϵһѡֱ뿪̫ԨһʮֹѡͶ棬Ϊĸӹ
ûʥ߱ӻµѡأʹһ鸽ΪµһԱ
£̫Ԩ㱻ֱͳһ
ͺŵĻ˷׷ױ鲼̫Ԩ򣬽Ǽ磬ɿռԴ
ޱȵĵر׸棬вۼرĶϡ
֮ħԨ۹ħԨ֮ԡ
һ˫ۣһʥ۷ĿֲϢֱӴӵk֮ϯķ
̫ԨһӴԴ֧֮£ټʥߵԴԼǡס֮зӴԪٴһСʥ۷ֻ֮ҪһܹΪһʥ
˫۾ҫҲ¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ̫ԨԴֻҪٿ޸ǧ꣬Ϳֱӽ׳Ϊʥϧûôʱ䡣ӣǰˡ
֮΢΢һɨһ̾żϵȵʹȻûô׽һܹɱ䡣
̫Ԩ֮Ҳмֿżʵĵرʹ֮ҲЧϧȻ޷ʴƽޣΪżϵȡ
һ˿˿ҫԭʧ
ħԨ۹һ֮ڣħԨʥڴ
һâ΢΢һ֮ڡ
ϣ
Ǵ֮ڵǿһ棬ֱһ
һ֣ǿ߾ͷ׷ȥֻʣħԨʥһˡ
ħԨʥһϲʵʥ۷塣
ʵһд跨ħԨʥȥǿһս
ħԨʥǣϣ
â΢΢һ˱ֱӴԭʧһƬǿ֮С
һƬǿ֮УԲʮ֮ڣ˸Ž磬һƬƬ׸ֵ֣ܳĸֿĿͳͳڵס


1174 ͻ
浭ְɣȫ
ǣϣ
ħԨʥâһӡҫħڣʩչħԨطݻγһֻɫĴֱӺȥ
ָһţӡҫһֻĴȻ֣գһɫĴ֮ϣɫĴֱ顣
һħҫһɫħγɵɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬˷ֱնȥ
һɫĵâħԨ֮ħԨ֮γɣÿһâܹشʥߡ
ɫĵâ֮УƣһɫĵâֱӺ飬ɲ֮ͳħԨʥǰһ޾ӡͬݻγһһ㣬ħԨʥֱѹȥ
ħԨʥɫ䣬һ¸ֳӡһ¼ʮ㷨硣
ǰһĴֱӹᴩʮ㷨磬һħԨʥ֮ϣһͽħԨʥɳǧ
ħԨʥȳѪ޵У²Ƕ֡
浭Դһ롣ʵȻǴʥڴʥ֮ҲһУΪҵĲ𣬶֮ʱѾ֣ûʲôϡ档
Ŀ䣬ķȥҪٽףֻܹǰ֮·ˡ
̫Ԩֻ֮·ı߾طȻԵʥǿߣȴûַ̫ԴҲԶԶ֮·
ҪĿٽ״ʥͱǰ֮·
ʮ֮ʥӭȢŮϢ㴫̫Ԩ
һ֮ʽӭȢŮҽ֮Ϊ
ºʽӭȢ߿֮Ϊ
֮ʽӭȢ֮꣬Ϊ
ĸ֮ʽӭȢ⣬֮Ϊ
塢ҫ֮˫Ĺϵøܣ̫ԨҲһȶԴУƿصԴ绹Ҫʮϡ
̫Ԩʥ
һĺ֮ϣź֮Ϲ绪ľŮ߿
߿ЩˣҪǰ򣿡
ɫС΢΢һЦû̫ԨԴḻϧȴûַ̫ҪʥҪķǧʱ䡣ȱľʱ䡣
ʿƣǿꡣٵʱͬҲһƽʢ̫Ԩ߾һӵа˼ϵȵʡ
֮ʿʵۼǿطתĹ֮еĹĽٶֻҪһ˿ͻųǵ߱ȥ
ǰ״ͻΪ߽µһ߰׹ǣΪԷ̤۷̤ʯ
ŮȻһЦˣһʱ䣬ȥΣ
΢΢ҡͷãﻹִ֡ѹס档
Ů߿ӵĸ֧֣ȻʮеȻư̫ԨзҲֻһˡȻΪ̫ԨûŮ߿֧֣Ҳᴦܵ⣬ʩչ
ǰΪ˵Ƕ۷塣ҪңΪػô󷽣𣿡
ŮŮһ۵ǣˣ
ŮŮĴϻޱȵŮˣǶ֪ǰԵʤˣ塢ҫ嶼ܹһԾ塣һˣҲͻܵεߵ㣬֮
ˣ˴ǰҪע⼸ˡһۣkѾkʥ֮Ѿնɱʥ
мܹk⣬һkǺ۹۵ת֮ڰʥ֮նɱʥߣʥ֮նɱʥ
һȨأһӵа˼ϵȵʣһʾѾͻ˽ޣﵽ˾ż˵֮УkѾﵽ˾żϵȡkûаܹʥ֮նɱʥ
֮ǿƣ콾ꡣҵ֮ʱ콾Ϊ𡣵Ȼ֮Ҳ಻Ϊ֪ĹҲܹ˱ȼĴڡˣҲΪɫĴڣκˡŮ
Ůһʥ鼶ǿߣҲʥߣϢͨޱȡ߿ҲֻܹһĽһš
߿̫Ԩҫ߹Сλʥߣ̫Ԩ򼸺ûʲôֵ֪طҲܽύʥߡ
ŮˣǴ޹ʥŮһͬǰ𣿡
һ΢΢һҡҴһͬǰ򡣡
£
â΢΢һȡŮڹ֮ڣһ
浭ҴǰǶΪ·
ȡǰѧΣȻǰ
ŮжһĨϲ֮ɫǣ£
޾ǿ֮УһҺսС
һսڲĿռ䶼װΪսҪĸֲֻһССĹ㳡˾ۻᡣ
ֿԽĴսڲˣû֮ںеսݳ޵ļӳֿռ䷨ԳһƬռ䡣
һԣŮֱǰȡǡȡ
վһˣǰħʥ
ǴһɫƷͷʲ˾ɢԵøԸˣ΢ЦΪ͵ѾӵѾıԵشֻҪӵ򣬾ܹĺ
ǣȣǺþò
һһԴ˹һŻӨĻԸУͷϳһԺ䣬¶ɢԸȻϢĽ𷢾ɫŮЦ
𷢾ɫŮ󣬸ŮˣÿһɢŹʣȻǹѪ߹󣬶ӵʿ
һĨϲɫֱ밢һͬӭȥȽ㣬Ǻþò
һпһۣһλʲôˣ
壿
һòͷϳһԺȻʵһһһĨм
ɫеĻϲȫȥҲһ±ñȽ㣬һλҵĺѣǿߡǶгɼôֻܱܺǸ뿪
һһ£ܹĨȥһϵ塣İǸһһĲ
üһ壬ȵǸ
ʲôһһ¼壬ҲҪǸȽ㣬Ҿǿ¼֡ȻҵǸˣͲõǸ˰ɣ
һĨâȻ֣һצֱץȥ


1175 ʥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ûг
ЩĹҲվһЦ
֮·֮УѾɱþ̫֡Ԩı߾ҲֻܹһӲд塣
֮УǼѾټܵųĴڣŻ޼ɵ֡
󵨣¼ĶȻҶҼ϶֣
֮кâӡҫһȣ溣ڵĿֲϢ˲䱬ͬһͷԸеĴƱһĨɫĲӰһ޾ɱŰֱȥ
ס֣
ȶʱɫ䣬һȣһɫĺβһ±溣ڵΪһצǶȵץȥ
ȵȻһɫļ⣬һɲ֮䣬ڰ֮ϣһ˰Ļֲ˲佫ֱӺ䱬ƬѪ飬һء
һɱ֮󣬱һӡ΢΢һһֻеȻһģ㽫ֱӺɳ֮Զ
㾹Ȼɱˣôĵӣһǽҽս㾹Ȼɱˣʲôˣ㶼ˡ
֮һĨâĶŶȣ֮һĨɭޱȵɱҡҡ
ʿĿֲϢս֮ڶ
ԽսÿһҶӵʿǿ򣬷вͻᱻ·;֮ǿ߷顣
ҪȽ㣬Ҫǡ
Ƕʱɫ䣬еֻĻո˵һ룬Ҫ˵ĻҲ˵ȥĿһͼЦЦĿһֻۣܹ΢΢һ̾ĬվһߣƴŰʹɫ
ûж࿴һۡ
ʲô˾Ȼǰ֮ɱˣ
һĿ࣬ٳϢͷϳһԺһβǿӰһ³һҫkֱӴԶٵ˴˵أ߸ϣĮĸһС
սǽǱʥߵʮߣ
սkɱһʥǿ޵Ŀֲǿߣ
սȻ֣ǿ߾ˡ

һʿǿһ֣ڳ˱һ¶ηĿ⡣
֮ɱӿһһָսǳɱ˰
սɱһȻ¼壿ԲðɣһǳҪܵʹࡣ
浭ѵͲһԵаҪɱңűߵɱġôɣ
սɱһЦ¼಻µū壬˭ɱǽҪɱ㣬ǾӦʵʵıɱ𣿡
ɭ֮΢΢һЦô˵ǽҪҲ𣿡
սһЦûӵĺǣҲԻᱻҽɱûܹȵ㣡ߵѣᱻҽɱһ
һ壬Ȼð壬񼫣
¼ԲðɣǳսĶ䣡

ս֮УΧʮĹһ䳰ȷ
ʥ
ʱһȵһԴӵпôʥݣʥһ˹
ʥԣվһֻӨò׵ľӡ
īʥߣ
ڳ˳֮⣬˶ֱӹһ
ȷ֮ϣվûվ
ħʥͬһ˳Ƥû̧·ӵо˵ͬ͸㡣
īʥһĿ΢΢һʥ̫Ԩڿ˵ʥǽ֮еīʥߣʥ
ȶʱˢһ±ò԰ޱȣʥkһʥߣ
ʥߣkȻһʥߣ
ҸղžȻһʥǰˣһˡ

ΧʮĹһɫ԰ףһĨ֮ɫ
ʥ߲裬߱
Щ֮ҲһʥߣkǾ㱻ЩʥɱˣҲ׷ЩʥߵΡ
ЩĹǼ֮ǿҲ溣ǿߣʥһܹkǼkǵļȻܱӻkǡ
սɫ䣬һðһ亹ʥߣȻһʥߣһˡ
ЦЦīʥһ۵˵ǽҪҲݣ˵ҸòɱˣǽһԪǽʱҲܹٻһ
īʥ߶ʱɫ䡣
ʥü΢΢һ̾һʥܷһӣīʥǸ¾ʹ˽ҹΣ
Ŀһɨʥ䵭ʥ㲻Ҫ֡
ʥһо֮в֮⣬ֻܹӦһ˵һߣǣ
īʥǿһЦʥǽ岢ΪСӦֻһᡣ
īʥ߲֮ǰʥ̫Ԩ飬֪̫Ԩһɱֱӽ壬һ·壬һٵǶΪ̫Ԩ֮һ׺Ե˼㡣
ֵĿֲڣīʥ߾Բ֮ΪС
ЦЦŶôĲһһλս׿ڶ˵ǽҪҲݣ˵Ҫҵͳͳնɱһ
ʥ΢΢һ̾ǲҲ䡣ǸҶնɱӣһľˡǼԤ£ֻҲȥ
ս亹ֱһ¹ڵϣͷ֮ǰ֪ʥݣð֮ʲôĵطʥ¡
澲֮ϣϹЦǳսͷƣѪֱȻһԲ
浭ϲ󻼡ǽȻҵңǾҪۡɣǽĽʥΪūһ꣬ǽı⣬ȡá¾ôҹˡ
һǽ֮˶ɫ졣
īʥҲɫ䣬ʥѾࡣҪǽ岻ҽ屳󣬿ѿ֧֣ǽΪУͬʱ塢ѿԼѿߴϵΪС
ȻвңҸһᡣСӣ֣
ǣϣ
վ汳ͬһͨ˵İħʥ˫һųֲޱȵâʥĿֲϢһָһţһֻħ۵Ŀֲ˺Ѳ񷣬ѹգīʥֱץȥ


1176 ս
ʥߵ˾ȻǴʥ
һʥȻһʥԼˣʲôˣ
Ȼʹʥˣ̫ײˡ

ǽ֮е֮·һӦǰħʥϢĴʥѹһɫ԰ף׷׼˸ֻ
ʥ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫʥʲôʱȻһʥΪūˣ
ʥԴٿֻ֮󣬾ʮֹϵ뿪̫Ԩ֮·ħԨ۹ȤȻ֪ħԨ۹֮ڣʥߣһͳ̫ԨѾΪ̫Ԩ֮
ʥʥʲôȻһʥΪū͡ʥʵֻ±ҽĽʥҪǿöࡣսǸôĹ
īʥһĨ֮ɫӡҫһɫŨƬڱһи֪Ƭһ±һƬʥ߶ԿӵĽء
һʥ߳ڵʥߣû֮ӳɣǱˣǰʲô棿
ħʥһЦһֲֻ֮ϵһֻֻħһħħ֮ƬڰŨֱɢᴩһǽԽؿռ䣬ֱīʥһץ
īʥһɫĺβһ¸֣һһֹŤ״̬һŤ֮УǴӰħʥħצ֮Уʮֹʧ
ħʥһצգʱɫһ±ޱȣ˫˶ɵ׹⡣
Ȥķ
һЦһ㣬ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱⳤȻ֣һ
Ƭ֮У·ʱ⵹ԭѾʧīʥʮֹĸֳһĻصԭλá
ħʥ˳һצīʥֱץȥ
īʥɫ䣬Ĭģһʮӵķһ³ڵkǰ
ħʥһצʮ㷨֮ϣʮ㷨һĹᴩ˳ƺīʥߵϣīʥеֱֿ֮ѹӡǰūûܹkѹԳ֣ˡ
ţ
ӻ֣ħʥֱվϢ·һͨˡ
īʥ߾ѹˣ
ʥ˭
ʥ̫ԵΣˣ

ڳĹǶĶǵڵϵīʥߣ֮ɫ
ȿͬһ㱻ǰīʥߣɫף˼֮ǰİʾīʥ߾Ȼѹˣô˿ֲĴ
һץһ¹ᴩգһ֮гһʿǿߡ
ȥ壬ȥ
·һ㣬Źǵʿǿһ¶ڵϣ
һޱȵӡ֮и֣׾ٵķŹǵʿǿеֿûkڡ
һʿǿ߿Цһ¹ǣˣ
һʥ߶ѹʿȻΥ
īʥοЦʥ̫Ԩ֮һĿߡɱңҸԸ֪ɷܹŹҽ壿
浭ȻðңǾҪۡ
֮·ƣǿꡣ֮󣬱Ѱһ֮ء
ǽȻ˲ۣײУȻܷŹûᡣ
ֻӵһʥʥػǽʥǽֻдʥڵΪһ֮ûеۼرѹˣֵö
īʥΣֻܹĵųս˫ۼŭĻ档ǿԶ֣kһƽǳսֱ
սһȻʥˣ֮ǰðԸԲãʥˣŹҵĽ塣
Цˣ
ӳսĻһڣ֪Ҳ壬Ϊϵһ塣֣ûκ
īʥĿһʥϣ¶һ˿֮ɫӵʥһۼرѹ˵ĵ塣ĵ嶼ʵԶԶȲϽ塣
ʥһĨɫһ̾ʹͷʮͬľļ϶ͻԥУ·Ĵͳͳᱻ顣ȷʵе㽻飬ǵ㽻һĵ·֮ϣͻᱻֱƬ
ǽĸǣһǳֱһڹľǳ
Χǿһ֣һսֱӸ֡
һħҫǰħʥֱӴս֮зɳʥĿֲħͬɽһǽϯȥ
ʥҼ룡
ħʥһǽ֮ϻصһֲ쫷磬𵴡
һɫĹâ΢΢һһ𼡷ӯӯһͷҫ۽𷢣ɢһŮͨɱʣԷŮĴʥ̤ɫĺŴǽ֮зɳ
ʥǰħʥһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬Եǽʥ֪λˣкιɣ
ʥü̬ҲޱȣͨǿkŮΪ֮㵹ȴ԰ħʥ˺Ч
ħʥͱ˵Ҽ̫ԨΨһʥǽĳս˵Ҫʥ˲ݡǾ͹˳ǣǽǳҼϣǾʹ壿
ʥһһ𺧵̫ԨΨһʥʥѾͳһ̫Ԩ򣿡
ħʥɱӿѪҺڣ˷ܣû̫Ԩ嶼Ѿ󣬱ðҲԸǽһ·ʥ㻹л
ħʥһħʥײɱƻݶ潵ļʥ֮УkȻǿһȴΪսһʥ
ʥĸо˰ħʥɱս⣬׶ԷڿЦ˼
ʥʥˣܷһ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһս֮ϣǺ֮ϣ§ŶȣűĶīʥߣĿĮĸŽʥʲô˵
ʥʥˣսðǵkһ˵ĴǽԸ⽫ֱϵȫ⳥ʮ֮ȪԸ⵱ǸҽǷһ飬Σ
һĨ֮ɫʮ֮Ȫǽ壬ɻıֹʮ֮Ȫ
ʥһ֪Ƕ˽ĻҵŽ˻ᷢѡ
浭ҸһᡣȥʥսֻҪܹңһʹˣҪһ˳ңҲҪΪҵĳΪЧʮꡣ


1177 ܽʥ
ʥ۾һ˻棿
ħʥҼ̫ԨߣһԾŶȻΥԼŵԡ
ʥ΢΢һЦʥ̫ԨİȻһԾŶᱳŵ
ʥãʮ֮Ǿȥʥսһս
Ҳʱ䣬ǽһս
ã
ʥʮֹϣ΢΢һΣԭʧûããǿ֮С
һ콢â΢΢һŽʥʧķȥ
ѿĸǣһ·޴ɭһǳ֮Уɼһͷͷӡħԡ
һ޴ޱȵɽɽ֮ϣ鲼һĹ
ɽ֮۵һ֮ȪڣһĿ࣬һǶɢһɰԵϢòӢһ˫ۡ
̫ԨʥȽʥսΪעkһս̫ԨʥôĵӣȻҶѿˣ
ѿĵһǿ߿Ǵʥ˫֮һųһ˿˿ױľ⣬һ˶ɵײϢһɢ
Ǵʥһֱӵ¼ɵħһֻдʥܹ鱨̳֮Уʼ鱨
ʥ棬֮·սħڳһ֮·𼸴ϵ壬ռݰɲǡ̫Ԩͻ塣֮ǰ塢ҫһͳ̫ԨעʮΣգӵе֮ˡ
ȻΣյʥôֹ
Ǵʥ鱨ʱ·һˮ䣬ͷƤ顣
̫Ԩ壬ȻȲ壬ʵҪʤѿһ
ǵ嶼̫ԨҲѾ档̫ԨѾƿء
̫ԨԽѿΪ׵ֱ顣
Ǵʥһ̾ħ֮˳ͷֻۣܹȥ֤ˣ
һƬտޱȣԲʮ֮ڶû
һɫĹâ΢΢һʥֱӳһƬ
һ˿˿΢΢һ콢ҲԽգƬ֮ڡ
һӦһһɿֲֹͨޱȵķʽٵƬĸ
ѿǴʥʥ
֮һŤһǴʥͶӰƬ֮Уһ
浭ʲô£˵
Ǵʥʥ飬ɲԸһӣʹ˽ҹ˿֧һ֮Ȫ֮⣬Ƿһ顣ǽʲôԸֻҪ˿һΪá
ˣҼȻѾʥ¶Լ;ܽǴʥذɡ
ǴʥȻˣʥҵһԹս֤
ã
ǴʥͶӰֱӷɵһߣһԹۡ
ʥһĻ֪Ѿˣâһӡ֣һ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴףʽɫƮβɢһ߹ϢĽ޺
һֳ֮ǽʥʵһ´Ӵʥ۷ͻƵ˴ʥڡ
ʥβһҡޱȵӡ֣һŤͬξһޱȵĽɫâѹȥ
λ磡ʥȻһʱ䶯ɱﵣ
ǽʥǿطܹͬ׵Ĵʥ
˱Ͼ̫ԨΨһʥ֮еˣԲܹӵĻᣬһõۼرʥ׶༪ˡ

Χ۵һʥжһĨ֮ɫ
λǽʥԻ֮ΪĹɵ磬һǻ֣֮ʥҲУ޷԰Ρ
һλ磬жʱ״ʢ붯ɰ壬һеɣȻ֮䣬΢΢һƾǸһ½ԼС
һɲ֮䣬㱻ֱɣ˫ۣ·Ļþ֮С
ô߶ۼرɰ˫ô˼򵥾ͱǸþѹ
ħʥһĻʱɫ䣬˼ڣĶǷ·֮е棬һ˿˿ɱҫ
ħʥ֮ԸԸΪūͣǵk϶潫ҪΪھʿʵ۵Ĵ
İ˴ʿʵ۳˳֮⣬ÿһ޵Уնɱߵ޵аʥǿ߳Ϊ޵аҲ㶪˼򵥾ͰڽʥУڰħʥ˵ҲһشĴ
ӮˣʥӮˣ
ǳư̫ԨʥҲδ̫˰ɣ
ʥѵûеֿر

֮һʥߵ֮жȡһ֮ͳһ̫ԨİھȻʥһܣֱš
Ǵʥüͷ壬Ǹλгء
ֻλ֮Уһ͸룬λλ֮
ԲȻϯһգһϯ
ʥߣͻƣʥߣ
ʥѾʥôͻƽʥߣ
˭ôʱʥߣ

һ𺧵Ƭ֮лص
֮һŤ΢΢һһ½еʥͳͳ֪ŤҲ޷߷һС
ĻȻ֣λĻ֮Լ֮л۶ĸһٴƼޣΪһʥ鼶սˡ
Ļ׷꣬Ҳεǿڹ̫Ԩ֮Ҳ̺ͬĻ֮ڵkϣõkһͻƣΪһʥ鼶սˡ
ʥǶлˣڣ԰ˣ
浭һЦһ¸ֳһɺڶеһλ֮ɣֱһ̤ͬʱ֮һ㣬˲Ƴ˽ʥͷһǽʥֱȥ
ʥͷһ¸ֳһɫСӡҫɢŲʥֱײȥ
һģһ㽫ǽɫСֱӺ飬˳һȭ£ݻгһǳһǽʥ֮ϣʥĻʮ˲㷨ֱӷ飬صĺڽʥϡ
ʥһ»ѣɳǧ޾ʥѪɢա
һӰһٴγڽʥϷĸŽʥ
ʥһ̾ЦʥҰˣӽԸ⳼ˣΪЧҽҲȫΪЧ
һֱӷ˽ʥеĵֿչֳޱȵսʥҲ̫ԨߵĿֲʮֹϵѡ˳Ҫȫ塣
ˣʥˣ
̫ǿˣʥһͻ˽ʥ̫ǿˣ

һʥһ¼ϳ𺧺;


1178 䶯
Ǵʥһ̾һʥƴ壡
ƽޱȵȻ
ͶԼһͬʣû˿̵ĵطҲֻܹ׵Ľ̫Ԩ壬Ǹʥ߾УҲô׳
һâҫЩʥǵĿֲҲһʧ
ʥһҲֱӳ棬ڽĶʮſʥߵǳҲС
֮·֮ӵǳԶԶȲ磬Щ֮·ϵǳӵпʥߵǱΪˣ֮·֮вŻǿߡ
沢ûмŽ򣬶ǽսͶŵĶʮǳ֮ϷռԴҽǶʮǳи졣
ǽı֮УҵһֿԽ߼սصĶʯ
ʥ̤򣡣
ʥ򣬽˽壡
ʥһͳ̫Ԩ򣬳Ϊ̫ԨΨһס
ʥնɱһӡ
ʥʥ֮նɱ̫龦һ´ʥ

ǽ峼֮ʥ̳֮Уһ±ȼЩʥǽעһϣʱڳ鱨һ̳֮
̫Ԩһ߾﷢飬ʥǸĹעһ̤򣬾ֱӽ˽壬ʱ˾޴ޱȵĺ䶯
ĸս׷׶Щʥڳ׵ʥ̳֮Сʥǲžһӵе֮˵콾Ѿճٵ
ʥֱ˴ʿʵۣѵҪһ޵а
һֱѹ̫Եˡֱİ˴ʿʵۻҪԵ
Ȼ壬ȴҲӵдʥػϵ塣徹Ȼʥһ֮ǿ¡
ۡȨЩ˶֡
ʥ̫Ԩնɱӡ̫龦һĴʥһµ塣֪嵽׻ôԷ

ʥǶħʥ̳֮۷׷ס
ʥ棬ȻȻѾնɱʥѹһһ
ħʥһ֮ڣ˺ۣɢһ󸯳Ϣһֲޱȵڵk˿֮õk˿ڸ޷ϡ
ħʥʥ̳һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ֮̾·أȻôãնɱ˴ʥЩ֮ӻ˼ʡ
ħʥ֮УҲһպʵֲʷ֮϶ŵʥߡ֮·Уǿơkһʥһĵرʱֱӱ˳ش˼µƶûãʵˡ
֮·֮ȷʵӵԵ䣬ޱȵַ֮·֮ͬǿơû㹻ǿʵȥ
ħʥһ̾ҸȥͶˣһҪ֮·֮д̫ˡ
֮и嶼ų壬ʥ֮иǴ粽СҲֻԵޱȣӵпֲʵǿ߲ܹ÷ˮ
ԭħ֮ʥ̳֮ϵϢһ̾ʥ棬һȻһҫ۶Ŀ˼ʡ
ʥ
֮·ô̵ʱ䣬ȻѾһͳ̫Ԩн塢塢ҫصǿ£
ʥһ
һʱɫľ콾

һʥǶͨʥ̳鱨ж𺧡
嶼ӵϴʥػǿ壬ӵһۼرѹһˡϵʵκһ嶼ѷɫ֮ʳѾֳ
徹Ȼֱһսֱ졣
濴ʥ̳һĨϧ֮ɫһ̾ʥ棬һµĵˡϧˣʱ˵ܹΪѡ
ʱһᵮһߡᵮһߡرߣҲֻ֮вܹһǸ֮ɼһߡ
Ϊ˽Ļᣬʿ֮ʹֶԷ⡢תΪ˻ΨһĻᣬ㲻ࡣ
滹Ƿ涼ۣܷŹһᣬҲζ֮伸ûкͽأһᵹ¡
ǺǼӵ֮еһƬأƬǺ֮У׹ҫ֮ϣһʥһǺᱻ޾׹׺Ƭ
һòޱȴ۵һǺ֮С
ѻ׷Ы׵編󻯵ȻַӺȥ
ӵһЦȡһյӡĻƽŵƣһյƽŵƵĵƻɫ׵ӡ۶ɡ
һɫĹȻ֣ųޱȵĹâһ֮еֱȫա
ʥкιɣ
һǺ֮дǷ·׵編ɣޱȵǺһ±ƽ׹˿¶Ǻ
Ǻһߴ׵׵ˣһ׵׵編ɡڵkಿλһһͷɫòףü֮һ׵ӡɢһɰԵޱȣ˫ʣ˫۵ӡ
ʥȨǰǴ֣Ϊɱһˣ˾ʥ棡
˫۰Ե׿һ޶µӱ֮·ľǿȨkҲ֮Уһǿ֮һ
ʥ棿ܹҳֵģһС
һӡ֣ȨԼõ鱨Į̫Ԩ֮ʥ֮նɱʥһͽ˽壬Ҳһӵе֮˵ĹȤȷʵһö֡ҳɱԸ⸶ʲôۣ
ʥ΢Цһö
ȨһЦмֱôܻУһöѾԵ𣿡
ȷʵޱȣƽŻõһöȻڲһͻᱻ˷ֳԵеĴʥʣࡣ
ȷʵһöһöΪ׼ģֻҪkһʥ֮ͻύʥһöӵһ֪
ʥһЦһ㣬һöɫˮֱӷȨС


1179 Ȩ
Ȩһһöˮˮ㻯һɫĹâʧ
ȨûȷʵһöùȻΪѹ档
ʥüͷ΢΢һȨϹءɱ֮ٽ㡣
ȨЦԼȥɱ棬Ҫҡ

ʥüͷ΢΢һ壬һֱӵݸȨ
ȨһһöȭͷС貹⻪ӡɫƣ˿Ŀ֮ڡ
Ȩţʮ֮ʥսҪһս
ʥã
һĹ֮ڣޱȵһĴ֮ϣͷŶ޳ȡ
ˣǺʥߣС׵Ҽĸ뺯Լʮ֮ʥսһս
һһ֮еʥ˫һŽɫ뺯
вʲôƾʲôʮ֮ʥսһսҾҪȥһսûɣ
ڽһöȵݹĹҧ飬ûж࿴һʥһۣ
ʥ߹ʥС׵۶ʱɫ콾֮ľսض¡ʤˣܹԽС׵۳Ϊ콾֮һ֮˸ס
ֱӴϵȫǷϻһС׵ۣʲôô
ʥߵʥС׵ۣԻüӵһʮʥǣ֮Ȫ
滹С׵ľۣûܹǵıǸͬǿֻ߳֡һЩַŵıǲŻ֣ಫ
һһĨսãȻˣҾkһս
һʮʥһ֣֮·屶ֹ
С׵ȨҪʥʥսһս
С׵ȨȻˡ
ӵС׵ȨΧ澹Ȼѹ˽壬С׵ȻŹ
Ҫһˡ

ȨԽսϢʥ̳֮һֱ֣ӵʥ߶۴£ʥ߶ڴ
С׵Ȩ֮·ǿ֮һʥӵоżʣʥ֮նɱʥʥҲʱɫľ콾֮·ʮѾ̫ԨͳһΪ̫ԨΨһס
С׵Ȩʥ涼ӵ޵һʱΪߵǱǿ֮ľսȻʥߵĹע
ʥȻҪС׵һսʥ
С׵ۿżʵľš治һ࣬ôǵkĶ֡һΣѰ·ˡ
С׵ʺ磬Ѿ̤ʥ۷֮꣬ۻޱȡ澹Ȼkս޴͸

Щ֮·ʥʥ̳֮ϿС׵ԽսϢʱ۷׷ס
Χһҫһһɫ֮еʥһ³֡
ǾվͬһҺ˰İħʥһ˫ųһ׹⣬һֱ̤ӳһƬ֮С
ħʥ˫âĶڲ֮еʥߣһЦʥһѹķʥūСӣʲôˣȻôǣѵ֪ΰʥľ𣿡
ʥʥյĹѳʥǰʥʥͨһ
ԭ֮ʥԳΪūİħʥ֮һĨ֮ɫǰħʥһ
ħʥһ˴ʥһ±ǸҺˣЦʥˣԭ˵ĺѡΪͨԵȡ
Сӣȷʵҵĺѣ
һƬ֮
ʥˣ룡
ħʥһУһҫ߲ʹâ߲ʺű˳ʥĽ¡
ʥһ߲ʺţ㱻һ߲ʹâţǼ֮ڣһ۾Ϳ֮ϵ棬֮һĨӵĹâ
֮ʱʥһʥǿߣʿʳĽ֮λȨءֻһ溣ǿߡĸ棬ʥԶԶ֮ϡ
ڳʥֻһոսʥڵͨʥߣȴѾһնɱʥһѹһľȻΪѣʥȻ̲סӿһ˿˿ʡ
ºһЦʥþò
ʥһ֮£֮һĨ֮ɫڵʥǲҪС׵ʮ֮ʥսս
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ʥ֪֪С׵۵
kʲôżʵ𣿡
濴ʥ̳֮еϣС׵۵鱨ȴٵÿֻеkս
ʥȻǣֻܼܹȻ˼ʵšżʵţֻڸӸߵȵܹС׵Զŵڶ׵һ˿תɵǿߡ
һһĨ֮ɫԶŵڶ׵ۣ
׵ʿ繥ɱǿİ֮һʿʷ֮Уһǿ׵ʿʵۼǿߣÿһʿʵ۶Ժ׵ۡ
һ׵۽Ϊ֮ףΪ֮䡣kҲǹǿ׵ۡԶŵڶ׵ڵһ׵һľ콾Ҳһ޵аʿʵִۣ׵壬ɱߡ
С׵ȨԶŵڶ׵һ˿תԶ֮Ŀֲڡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц֮УʲôﶼˡԶʱ޵аȤܹǿ߽֣̫Ȥˡܹն˵k˵ұȹȥ޵аҪǿ𣿡
ʥһЦÿһ޵콾ôţͷۡҲֻ޵еţܹǷӳٷ֮ٵʵѹһеˡ
ʥȻѶҾͲȰ㡣ʥС׵Ѿ̤ʥ۷꣬˵ѾʥҪСġ
΢΢һЦ֪л
ʥԥһµʥҪһЩˣͬΪķϣܷҰһ£ǹƽ
ϵû⣬ҿԸһʥǣõkǡ
֮Ҳ֮·ѹһеˡ֮·֮УͶ֮
֮ȥ֮󣬴˴󲿷ֵǿߣͬҲвǿ䵱kĺֺͰӡ
ЩȻ֮·֮йʮּѡɻʳսħãʱ棬ݶһֱûǡ


1180 սǰնʥ
ʥսһ΢΢һһŤģӰһ³Ƭ֮С
öǿߣ
һŨ֮еǿǰħʥkΧһۣһĨ֮ɫ
֮У洦ɼһɢſֲϢʥߣʥǿߡ
ħʥ֮еһʥ֮ɫʥǿ߾ȻҲսһս忴Զҵ󡣡
ʥǿȻʥһǵkǵʵԶԶͨʥ֮ϡʥ֮ľսϲkǵע⡣
С׵Ȩ֮·Ѿ֮һսޱȣԲɱʥͬһԲɱʥľ콾Żʥǰ˵Χۡ
ħʥǺôĹ㲻ԼϳˣȻ𣿡
һЩһƬ֮һֻŤԲֱӴ֮зɳɢʥڵĿֲ
ֻŤ鲻Ϸǿߵ֮зţ갧֮֮һ˿˿ƣԲκʵ»Ĵڶᱻֱꡣ
һֻŤʥ߾ǵħʥᱦսħʥֱشʥߡ
ʥһ֣˷һ´һĿ⣬˰ħʥϡ
֮·֮ܵӵ壬ûм彻ãС
ħʥһĨشʥߣʥѣȷҪһս
ʥŴԣĿ΢΢һֻ鶼¶һ˿˿ɵ֮ɫʥѣ
屻潵֮֮·󲿷ֵʥ߶ѾšѾۡС׵Ȩ۹
ʥһʥڵʥߣսȺͬǿ֮ҲĴڡҲҵǸĹ
ʥѣ
ʥѣ

֮УЩĿ׷΢΢һ䣬óӺͼɵ
ħʥоΧʥĿı仯ĬĬǸһȻôǿ󣬹һֶܹʥ߼ɵ
ʥĿ΢΢һʲô֤
ħʥһ㣬һӰˮȻ֣ˮ֮йâ΢΢һ֮бֳħʥһ֮һ̸Цľ
ԭħʥʥѣ֮ǰҲСð£ȥ飬ȥΣ
ʥֻħһתĹâҫڰħʥϵ仯һû˵kħ֮ڣһ±ʮº
ħʥֹһʧkϵ˿Ѹٵܼٶֱ
ħʥĿʥһ۹ϵãȥ飬һʹ
ʥֻħ۶ӵиֹ׵䣬ʥ߱УҲ
ħʥϾǷ桢桢ĹＶ콾ȻԸһ˿ֲĴС
ʥߣ̫ˡʥͻС׵УħʥȻѡʥն׼ɾƱ׸С׵ۣǰնɱʥ
֮Уһ´һһʮף߶ͬһɫᣬͷΣӵһʮʯһʥֱӷɳһ±ʥڵĿֲŰħʥһն
һɲ֮䣬ǧɫĵӡգ̺һ˿˿̺ŻһеĿֲܣŰħʥնȥ
ħʥһĨأһŭ𣬻ӡҫһ۸֣ͬһͷħӶرצһץ
ǿֲХ֮Уһͷ·ܹѹһеħ𣬻Ӷħצ˺Ѳ񷣬ǧɫĵһص˺ɷ顣
һǧصⱻ˺һ˲䣬ǲдɫʮֹһ±ݺݵնͷħϣӲĽͷħֱն顣
дɫâγһɣһɫսŰħʥݺݵնȥ
СȻҶҼϵѳ֣
֮Уһ´һײбһֻħ۵ľֱִ֮ͷεʥֱӺȥ
һֻ֮ϣħһţһɴʥĿֱֲѹգֹħ֮мһ׵ĹâʥֱӺȥ
ʥɫ䣬ӡ֣ϵһģ˲նɱħʥһɫԶȥ
һöʱ֮顿֮и֣ӡҫһʱǡʱ֮顿ʥһˢ
ʥһҵʱ֮Уͬʱһ㣬ʮֹĻصԭλá
һֲֻޱȵħһºʥߵϣӡҫһʥߵз֣kķѡ
һɺڶȻֱ֣һʥֱС
ס֣ʥ飡һӣŹʥߣ
һͷΣȥʥ߷ƣʥڵǿһ´֮зɳԶ
Զ֮һһһֲֻޱȵǼʽȻ֡
Ǽս֮Уһǧ콢콢֮ϵһź֮һ档
ʲôҲҸһӣȻҵ֣ȥɣ
ɨĴʥһۣкâһǡס֮ӡһֱһ˲ƿԽĴʥǰһնʮѿջһɫâնѲ񷣬Ĵʥֱնȥ
棬㲻ҪҪ
Ĵʥɫ䣬һŭһȣɫ˲նһ˲նһǧٵһɲǱγɵһնѲĵâնâȥ
һɫĹâҫǡꪡɫâͬһ׵Ľɫĵâն˳ն£ɫĵâһն飬˳ƶ£նĴʥϣĴʥֱնء
һɺڶȻ֣Ĵʥֱ£ʥԴ
ʥնɱˣ
ǵۼر
ʥȻڴʥ֮һУɱϾһʥȻôնɱˣǿ£
ʥ棬ȻۡС׵ۡ۹һǿ˾

ЩΧ۵ʥǼһĻһ۷׷ף˼ɵ
ʥȻkɱˡʥȻһֲĹҸղûǵk
ʥ߼һĻֻ鲻תֱһɫ亹һ뵽kղŻɵħʥkͳ¡
ʥΪܣ˵ննˣʥûǿӻʥߣɱǺ޸


1181 սС׵
ħʥҲ֮ɫһʥնˣ̫ˣż겻Ѿﵽز˲š
ħʥվһƬ֮оĿıӰ֮ɫǿ£Ȼɳز治ҵˣ
ħʥΪΪūͣƾ½ơʵԽǿ󣬵k֮Խͬˡ
Ŀһɨ֮ЩǿʥһʩչطԼϢӡ
ʥˣ
һʥս֮һ׹ǿ֮һţһɲ֮䣬׹ҫߣһֲޱȵ׵籩Ƭǿ֮ӿ
ǿֲޱȵ׵籩֮еͳͳգһֲޱȵ׹⡣
һſѾǳ׵籩һǳ֮ϲдɣһſҫ׵ǳû׵籩֮ڡ
ǻһСͬһе׵籩֮УһӰȻ̤޾׺Խһ
һӰɢһ۰£޵еʣԶŵڶ׵תС׵Ȩ
׹ҫ֮УȨÿһԽʮꡣ
֮Ȩǰ֮⣬ٵǰ
С׵ۣҲˣ
С׵Ȩʾżûаܹʥʥʿ۷Ĵڣûн״ʥԲС׵۵Ķ֡

֮һʥһС׵һĨ˷֮ɫϾ֮·罵ٵߣС׵۲֮·ǿߡkȻС׵ֱܹѹ
ȨɢһΨҶ޵еİԵϢɨһۣһĨ͵ʥܹܲ˶̵ʱ֮ڣزȷʵһʱɫšҺ㣬ǷΪЧľսҿԵʲôûзֻҪԸҵ£ҲҶֺ
΢΢һЦȵս⣺ҵ뿴Զŵڶ׵۵ת֮мֱ¡
Զŵڶ׵ۣ
ԭС׵Զŵڶ׵۵תֲ֮һӵоżʡ
kȻԶŵڶ׵۵ת֮ǿ޵аǿߵת֮

֮УʥһȨһж֮ɫԶŵڶ׵ۣǿͬ޵Уѹһնɱߵ޵а
ЩʥȴǲΪȻ֪С׵۵
źʥҸһᣡȻˣȥɣ
ȨһĨźǰ̤һһָ
һɲ֮䣬޾׹ҫһֻһֻսì޾׹֮иֶһһǧֻ̺Ųʥսì֣̺ŻһеܣֱӺȥ
Բߣ״綼޾׹⣬·һһǧֻսìͬ׵ֽ»һеĿֲþѹȥ
׵֮йɱֲİ֮һ壬ûһ㡣
ͨĴʥһǧֻսìĺ֮£Ҳˡ
׵۵ĲþС׵۵طƾһطkѹʥ
ԭԶŵڶ׵۵طֲ죡ѹһеУ

Χʥǿ̺֮ŻһǧֻսìɫأǿɱʥĿֲɱط֮УҲǰʮĹɱط
Զŵڶ׵۵ת֮Ȼǿ󣡡
һĨ֮ɫӡҫһɺڶȻ֣·ܹһеĺڰ
ǿֲޱȵɺڶ֮У·һɫӰ΢΢·ɷĻ
ǿԻʥһǧֻսìһǿֲޱȵɺڶ֮ϡ
޾׹ҫͼһУһУһкɽ̿
ɺڶǽһ׹ͳͳɡաתΪûڡ
ǿֲޱȵսì֮£ԭǳɺڶҲһССʮףҲûС֮ҲøӵĿֲ
һ֮䣬һǧֻսìͱǿֲޱȵɺڶһգû˵ֺ
ʥȻܹ׽׵۵Ĳþǿ£
ɰ徹Ȼkزһ

Ƭ֮УһʥжһĨ֮ɫʥҲĶһΧɺڶг˼ɵ֮ɫ
׵۵Ĳþʥǿ߶붯ر츳ܹסɰһ׵ĵס׵۲þɰĿֲ
ɰ壬Ȼز˲ûңҲʱǶ۷壬̤֮СϧעҪ
Ȩֱһ޾׵緭һɢһ˿˿ɫҶɵĵۼر׵ս¡һ³ڵkϡ
޾׹ҫ֮УһɢŹϡʥϢսꪡ׵սꪡҲȻ֣һ·ȨС
ǡ׵սꪡԶŵڶ׵۵޵ر
׵ս¡С׵һƵر׵սꪡǵkǰһƶɵ޵رȫϵk·ĵۼر֣˭ǵkĶ֣
ۡ۹ۣҲδС׵۵Ķֲ֡۵İԵ۹۵İ裬ǰС׵һս

ЩΧ۵ʥǿƿۼرС׵ۣͬԶ޵еĵڶ׵ʱⳤ֮иգ½䣬ѹһеС
ڶغϿʼˣѾʶı£ʥȥˣ
Ȩкâһ޾׹ҫڵkıγһ׵֮׵֮һȣ֮һ죬kԽľ룬˲Ƴǰһ̺ŻһĿֲâֱնȥ
һն£Բ׹ҫһתΪһƬһƬ֮УȨͷ·׵ףƿɱһеˡ
һУꪡȻ֣һꪴ̳ʮѿգʮɫѹȥ
ʮɫһһ⣬âһ𣬽һ˲ʮɫֱըѿ
һ춯صľ֮Уֱӱɳ֮Զ׹ҫ׵ͬӵһ㣬ȥѪֱӺɷɻҡ
С׵ȨȴȻվ֮һɢһ޵µİ
ʤѷ֣ʥˣ
С׵۱ϾԶŵڶ׵ۣյ޵аڵkУҲȻ顣
ʥһܣ㲻Ϊ壡

֮еʥ߼һĻ۷׷ףʥĿҫɱ


1182 ׵ĵ̬
С׵Ȩһеġ׵սꪡ޾׹ҫǻһе׵ɢһ±鲼Ƭա
׵ŵǰ֮ʱһ׹ҫȨֱ˲ƳǰӶ׵սꪡնȥ
¡¡
޾׹ҫ޴ıը֮ڶһɺڶȻ֣ȻȨ̺ſֲ׵֮ġ׵սꪡһն顣
ǿֲޱȵ׵âն֮ϣֱӽסնѿ˳նϣնһɼǵ˿ڡ
׵ӡһ˿֮и֣ҫޱȵ׹⣬谭˿ڵϡ
ǡꪡ롾׵սꪡÿһνһƣɫȫ޾׹ֱ֣ӺƬ
ꪡ롾׵սꪡǵۼرһ޵еߵرһͨߵرټǡ׵սꪡС׵Ȩһƶɵرkĵ·ޱȣȫѹסˡꪡ
治Զŵڶ׵ۣ
һĨâϵġסһųӡһԻе֮ĦʯһųޱȵĹâӴޱȵһӿڡ
ǡס֮ϵĵۼرԪ顿һ¸ֳӡһССɺڶ֮и֣Щ׵ӡ
Щ̺һ˿˿ʥ׵ӡɺڶȫɣϵҲһ˲֮ȫָ
Ȩͬ׵۽Ӷ׵սꪡһն£һһȻ֣̺Żâȥ
·ӵһ㣬ŷԲ׵ӡݻγɵļƶȥ
Ӷ֣һֻɫĶǴ֡ס֮ᴩ񷣬һޱȵĻƽһ֮ϡ
һͷ鼶޽Ǿ޹ϬȻֱ֣ײһֱײ飬һײȫ
һ̤Խ磬һ³ȨǰһնʮѿգʮɫΧһſŹޱȵĺڶȨѹȥ
Ȩһ׵ҫһȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһ¿ѣռ̮ʱңֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
ǿֲķ籩֮УȨһ±ɳ֮Զһ꪿ڴӵkҼһֱ£һֱڵkĸ
֮ϵġסҲնѳһ޴ޱȵĿӣƬʥѪǿա
С׵۾Ȼˣ
ô£ʥʵôǿز

ЩΧ۵ʥǿձɵȨһĿɿڴԼ۾С׵Ȩտһ޵аĵߣͬ޵Уѹһնɱͬ׵ߡ
Զŵڶ׵ۼȻתһȻֱ֣أԼת޸һԽǰԼֻϳԽԼпܵǶ㡣
ǿȨȻһɣֱ˲˼顣
ʥĵۼرȻϧңעҪ
Ȩųȵս⣬׹ҫԡ׹֮У׵֮֮£˲ָȫʢ֮ˡ
׵ͬҲ̺ŵ׵֮еϽΪǻ
Ҳֻн׵ݵ޵ľǿ߲ܹ׵֮һ㴴֮İ
׹ҫȨһ˲ƳǰӶ׵սꪡһޱȵĹ켣ǧ׹⣬նȥ
Ӷꪡһꪴ̳ʮѿգɺڶ֮£ǧ׹ȥ
¡¡
֮𵴲ϣ·һ׵һսɱϵĿֲڷնɱǿޱȵĹɱԷ
С׵Ȩÿһ˿ڣһ׹һ֮һĨ㽫ƻָǻһʱÿһ˿ڣֱʱݣһ»ָȫʢ̬
ħʥգ֮ɫС׵Ȩǿ£Ȼܹս̶ֳȣǷ棬Ҳûս˳޵аǿת
浱սʤ˳֮ˣҲԤ֮һʱǿľ콾ľ콾װУС׵ȨȷӲսݱðħʥ֮·콾ķ
ʥ֮Ҳ֮ɫ滹һǿԶŵڶ׵۵ת֮ʵԽ˹ȥС׵ۡȻܹС׵սƽ֣ʱԿɵĺѹһΪһʿʵۡ
ձǳ𣬿ռҡ
Ȩ֮֮һſǳ˽ֵನƬ
һƬƬʯֻҪ˵ĽֲͻᱻֱӴƬ֮ȫĨȥ
Ƭʥս֮бӵŤЩɱ溣ǿߡһƬ׹ҫ׹֮еĹŤ󶼱ͳͳ
ֲޱȵĻ籩Ƭʥս֮졣
һֲޱȵĳ֮УȨֱӱɿ˵϶˺ۣһεʥѪǿա
ҹļս滹ȨѾִＫޣǸָֻطҲ޷Ӧֵʩչ
ʥ㻹˲𡣵ͬ׶֮Уûһܹȵ㡣ϧעҪҵУעҪҵСΪԶ׵ۣضҪ̤ˣ
ȨȳһѪ֮кâһӡҫеġ׵սꪡѡ
һϡʥΰϢ׵ӡ۶ɵĿֲӰǡ׵սꪡ֮и֣һѹļ˻ģصѹȻ֡
Զŵڶ׵ۣ
ڶ׵ۣ

һӰһ֣޵еĿֲѹѹڳʥһܣkǶһ˲һֲӰ
һӰ·׵編ľ󻯣׵籾ʳָһ㣬׵ӵkĺγһֻսꪣ̺Ż֮ȥ
Զŵڶ׵ۣն㣡̬
һĨ֮ɫǡסӡҫǡԪ顿ӡҫһ·ɳûɺڶ֮ڡ
ǡԪ顿һûɺڶɺڶ֮һĿӰС
һĿӰһסǡԪ顿һģ沿ȴ¶һģһ
ǹӰָһţһһеĿֲڶȻ֣ѹգ׵սֱӺȥ
һ̺Զ׵һ˿־Ŀֲâһһеĺڶ֮Уһըѿ
Զ׵̺һ˿Ƭ֮ը̺ŻһеĿֲܣͼɺڶȫըѡ
һɺڶȻſֱӽǿԻһ׵Ӱֱɣ˳һţС׵Ȩһͬǿֲޱȵĺڶ֮ڣӡҫС׵Ȩ


1183 С׵
С׵Ȩϵġ׵ս¡ӡҫγһ׵磬εס˵kԴ
Ȼˣɺڶ֮Уÿһʱ䣬Ȼһ˿˿ԴȨ֮г롣
ҿ
ɺڶ֮УȨһȣӶ׵սꪡһնһ̺Ż׵â˺Ѳ񷣬һУӲĽɺڶնѿ
ɺڶŵӰָһţһһеĺڶٴθ֣Ȩֱ˽ȥ
Ȩŭͬ׵۽Ӷ׵սꪡһڶֱնơ
ɺڶͬӰָſһһڶ֣ȨѹǺڶ֮в
һһ׷ͷϸ֡ǡסĵ̬ѾʱļޣÿһһǧԪ
ɺڶ֮УÿһȨͷҲһƣһ׷

ȨָһţʮޱȵʥرȻɳһɺڶ֮ըѿ
ǿֲޱȵıըɺڶը΢΢һȻ㱻ɺڶֱ
汾âһһ̤ûɺڶ룬ɺڶ֮еӰΪһ塣
ɺڶӰΪһ壬ָһţǺڶȨһȥ
ҿ
ɺڶȨһŭ𣬻Ѫ֮ڣһꪴ̳Զŵڶ׵۵Ӱٴθ֣һ˿˿׹ҫһ֮Ӱȥ
ɺڶӰֺԶŵڶ׵۵Ӱ֮ϣһɿֲ׵֮ӲĽԶŵڶ׵۵Ӱɣ˳Ȩ֮ϡ
ӡһ¸֣Ȩ֮ϣӴޱȵ֮һ±ȨԴ
һԴǡ׵ս¡ĸ϶֮бûǸӰڡ
ôܣҲܻܣ
ǡ׵ս¡İ֮УȨһ·һŭ
һŭ֮Уֲޱȵ֮һ½Ȩ֣kֱɣһ߸ʬ
Ȩе޵ر׵սꪡʮֹųޱȵĺ⣬һ̴ɺڶһû֮ʧ
ǡ׵ս¡ȴһ㱻Լѹӡһ֮ڡ
֮Уһɺڶһʧɺڶֻʣͷ׷Ȼ
ˣС׵ȨȻնɱˣ
ôܣС׵ȨԶŵڶ׵۵һ˿֮תս죬ԽԶŵڶ׵֮ʱսǿô䣿
С׵ۿԶ׵תǿһ޵аת֮ô䣿

ЩվԶ֮еʥһĿɿڴԼ۾
С׵ȨԶŵڶ׵ת֮ͬ޵еĿֲڡûаܹʥǿҲնֹһ֮·йǱߵ֮һĹﾹȻնɱֱŵ˼㡣
ʥ֮֮ɫȻնɱС׵ۣǲ˼顣̫ǿˣ͵ˣ
Զŵڶ׵Ҳһ޵аĿֲڣʷ֮պգ˿ѷɫڶʿʳĽ֮
ʥû뵽澹ȻܹնɱС׵ǿߡ
һöʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱһˢ
ʱ֮У֮ϵҲѸٵĻݡ
ʱ¾ףȻ޷ĵԪȴܹ޸С׵һսơ
ʥȻʤС׵ֺۣαնɱkɱ㵱𣿡
һͷϳһɽǣŤĹâɢʥ۷Ϣʥߴ֮߳ǳ
ƾҲң
âһһӡꪡʮѿգһɫâһʥ۷ǿնȥ
ʥ飬ʥһӣ
һͨһͷɫòĴʥ֮߳һһֻȻɳųޱȵĹâŶʻһ·ɳϵķѣ仯ΪһӵĻ֮硣
һɫâһնǻ֮֮ϣֲ֮Ȼǻ֮ͳͳգһ㽫ǽնƣ˳նʥϣʥֱնϡ
һɺڶȻ֣ʥһС
ɺڶ룬ŵĹӰָһţʥֱһ¡
ס֣ʥס֣
ɺڶ֮УʥһŤâҫڵkΧһ²ʥķ硣
һֻӰĴһ£һʥзӡҫʥԴ

һͷϳɽǵʥɫ䣬һʩչطԶȥ
ȻҼϣ
ħʥâһһ³һͷϳɽǵʥǰǳħ۵Ĵһһħ۵Ĺâҫɽǵʥֱϯȥ
ǻڵʲôѵҪĿЩ֮·߳ư֮·ʥС׵һսѾˣǽõʱֻҪkҲΪ壡֮·ǵ֮·ʱΨ֮·ǿߣʸ̤۷壡
һɽǵʥһƴֵŰħʥĹһ𶯲񷡣
֮еʥߡʥɽʥߵĺУһ΢΢һһڵλÿȥ˶⡣
֮·֮еĸ嶼˶⡣ǿ֮иǱӣ׷ɱ
ЩʥߡʥȻ⡣
һֻӴޱȵĽսĲŴ򿪣սͬһս֮зɳ
ûãڼս˱鲼Ƭ򣬷·ƬȫڱΡ
ͳһ̫Ԩ֮ѹ̫ԨԴսˣеսѾߴ֮ޣһ³ڣȫ𣬲дսҲػ̫Ԩ
һս֮Уһ´ʥڵԼʮʥߵƬ֮
ʥʮʥߣǿ£̫Ԩĵ̡
ʥ棬Ȼ鴫źûпɳ֮
̫ԨʥĻеܾţ


֮еʥߡʥһĻϵĴ˶ֵͷڳʥߡʥĺȫԽƬȫߡǵkǱϾûһ̥ûд֮ǰȻ׳֡
һɫĹâ΢΢һɺڶֱʧ̤֮һɽʥߵһն£ɽʥһնء
һɺڶȻ֣ɽʥһ¡


1184 ֮·
Ƭǿ֮еʥնɱɽʥ֮󣬶ʱһһȫĬû˸Ҷ˵һ仰
һĴʥҲڱβսһĬkûаս֮նɱ棬Ȼ׶֡
ЩʥС׵ȨĶԾ֮ˣս˵ػ֮СЩʥûһаգһɱ
ʮ֮Ȫֱͷϸ֣ĵر۶̺Ųʥġ֮Ȫ£ûڡ
һɺڶȻ֣ǲ֮Ȫ꣬겻ϵɱ䣬ϵҲܼٶѸٵĻָ
֮ȪʥԲʥԼĵر۶ɵıҲʥʿָⱦͨʥֻҪܹһҪʱԴ֮еʥǿ澹Ȼʮ֮Ȫˣһʮۺ졣
վ֮УĿ֮£ʮ֮ȪȫաЩʥһĬĿеġ֮Ȫա
潫֮ȪȫգΧ¶һЦݣһ콢ĺ֮¡
ڳЦǲҳ֣
ɶ񣬸ʥ
ô죿Ҫ𣿡

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǶǼΪˣһ۾ͿЦ壬жһĨ֮ɫ
ڳʥߡʥ඼⡣վǵȴkǳ֣һk˳֣ɽkնɱͬʱkǵһͬӶkǵһС
ЩʥߡʥΪɵ棬ԼᱻͶҳ֡
Ȼ⵽ļЩʥߡʥȻޱȣȴȻֳĬû˸ȳ֡
һâҫħʥʥʥֱ߱ӷ콢֮ڣʾ˵kǵ
һ֮Ƭǿһս˱Ǵͽ뽢֮ڣһֻӴޱȵĽӡҫԶȥ
ǸС׵ȨĹ壡
ʥҪȥ壡
úݵֶΣ

ʥߡʥһǽӷеķ򣬶ʱһһһ⣬Ǹȥ
С׵۾ȻðܵͷǱ岻򣬾ΪУ
ħʥһƬ֮𵴣Ӵ󽢶ӵڿһЩʥߡʥڵķλһָ
Щʥߡʥʱһͣס˽Ų
ããֲһ˵Ҫܵʥ浱ѾǶ֮λ޵𣿡
һƬ֮лصǹޱȵط˸ҳkλá
һطףǴʥǿҲԸ˵λá
κδڣֻҪ˺ۼͻֻҪطͻºۼȻңǾȥɣ
콢֮ϵһ˫ۣгµӡʩչɷһһ۱㿴ŵһ֮ߣһ̣һ´һȿռ֮ڡ
֮⣬֮һ¿һȿռ֮ţһȿռ֮д̳һֻꪡһ´һһŨ֮УĿʥϣһʥֱӴ̴
ǿԷһеɫȻһ½ʥȫɣķʥߵһС
ʥһ־ĺеס֣ʥס֡Ҵˣһᣡ壬桭
һɺڶȻ֣ʥֱɣǡꪡҲֱӷɻ˿ռ֮ڣǿռ֮һϣֱʧ
ڲ֮λӵλ汾Դ־λ棬Ҫɱһʥ߻еѶȡ⵽գûλ汾Դ־ããǿգԽɱһʥڵʥ߶ֻЩ鷳ˡ
һնɱʥߣ콢֮ϣĿ磬ź󷽵ʥǿȥһʥߡʥǶͣס˽ŲҲûиǽ֮
ʥսһսС׵ȨʥС
һϢһʥ̳֮г֣ʥ̳
ôܣС׵Ȩۡ۹ĹôһʿУ
ʥ棬һʿôܻС׵Ȩ
С׵ȨԶŵڶ׵תԶŵڶ׵ۿһʱ޵е޵аİתôܱһʿܣ
ʥ棬Ҽǵʱ򣬽ֻһһµȵķôܻԶŵڶ׵۵ת֮

ʥ̳֮һƬȻ󲿷ֵʥ߶һϢ
֮·ޱߣʥߡʥڸؾڱչʥھԭҲûܹǰʥսս
ܹǰʥսսʥߡʥࡣЩûʶսʥǶʵ
ģС׵۱ʥɰɣһѻҽ
С׵۱ʥɣ׵ս¡ʥУ׵սꪡ˺ʧ
ʥǰĵ·֮ϡ

ʥ̳֮ϣһ׿ĴʥҲڷԡ
ʥնɱС׵ۣ
һۡ۹ͬ׵ľǿߡ
ѵһʱʱʥΪھʿʵۺѹһ𣿡
С׵۶У֮ͬУ˭Ķ֣

ЩԲͬĴʥһڣʥߡʥǸʵʥǶһƬž˼죬ӿ
˴ʿʵۺճѹ꣬ʿ硣ʿļֵۡҲʿ¶λ档
֮·֮еŴ󲿷ż壬Ƶ֮·û֮ء
潫Ƕ۷壬Ϊھʿʵۣ֮·ڵ־ͻȫƷ彫һУȫư֮·
ʥǶȨ֮󣬷һϵеʼƴ壬ҿʼЩŰɱǿߡǿ߷׷ױηȴƵķչ
潫ܹǶ۷壬ΪھʿʵۣЩ˾ͻˣֱɱǽǶʧܣֱ䣬Щ˾ͻᱻͷš
һ޴ޱȵǳΧʮǳʮǳͬһ㻷ǹΧҫޱȵĹâ
һ˿˿ҫһֻӴޱȵĽȻǹΧ
ʥݵǵǿ߻ӭӣ
ħʥһ³֮УħһƬ֮𵴣˹ǡ
ǹ׹ҫһ׵粻һ·׵绯ɢһɻԶţʥۼѹǿȻ֡


1185 ״ʥ
ۣ
ħʥһһ·׵绯Ŀֲڣʱɫһ±ʮѿ
ۼǿÿһֻһܹߣԼĵ·ӡ֮УΪһ޵еĴڡ
ˣǰۼǿʵҲԶʥȻ۷Ĵʥ֣ҲһۼǿߵĶ֡
ʥɫ֮ɫۣ徹Ȼǿߣ鱨֮ȫûʾ
ħʥЦۼǿߣǰ벽ʿʵ۵ĹǾȻĹ̫ùˡ
ǽ֮еһʥҲɫʮֵѿΨʥҫʥȼʶѹħԨһĻʥɫ䡣
һۼǿ΢΢һЦ״ʥʥ
ۼǿʵ죬Ǳ֮ȻǴʥ󲿷ֵǿ߶Գƴʥ
Ҳ콢ֱ֮״ʥƽ޲״ʥ
״ʥ΢΢һЦʥ˴ǰҹкιɣ
浭С׵Ȩ壬kҡն˵k֮һ˳·壬С׵۵
״ʥ΢ЦʥңѵͲı⣿
Ҫѹ壬ҲֻǸٴ۵⡣״ʥֻһˣ޷סҵĵ·
״ʥһС׵ȷʵҹ壬Ҳ֪һλµӡǸûоܾءǹ岢һεĵ֮Ը͸һ֮Ȫһö̫ǳ׺ˣһʹΣ
һᣬϵã״ʥ֮ϣ¿Ծʹ˽ᡣ
ۼǿÿһѾֻ벽ܹǶ۷壬Ϊһ޵еߡκһۼǿ߶ӵиԵֶΡǡҪȻųƿѹһۼǿߣһʵİǿߵkҲδؿɿ
һַڵԿסȤ԰ԿǰҪһַʮΣգȥˣҲΣա
״ʥ΢΢һЦָһһöɫʯһöָһ⣬һ·С
һסһöɫʯоһ˿˿㲻Ϣɫʯ֮дͬʱϢɫʯ֮д˹
һöɫʯȷʵ״ʥһַڣһַɲһַͨһɱءΣޱȵַ
һַ˵һΪ߽֮ɵı⣬ַ֮Уɱǽأе߽Уַ֮еľɱɱµļ֮һ
һַÿʮŻһΣάֵkת
֮󣬾һַӡ
״ʥ΢΢һЦһַʮΣգȥȥԼʥϣ֮ѣǵˡ֮ҲԳΪѣǵˡҵĸԾԽԽãʸΪѵ˲֮࣬һ
΢΢һЦϣܹΪѡ
һ֣ӴޱȵĽӱֱŤǿֱӷȥ
״ʥ;վգĽʧããǿ֮С
ףΪʲôֽʥѹѾˡֻҪһ£ǹʮʥ߶׷kѹ
һâ΢΢һһһͷɫԸл𱬣ףɢʿĹŮһ·ɵ״ʥߣһʵ
״ʥ΢΢ҡͷ£ѹʥң˿ûлңȻжԸҵĵǹ嶯ȫսʤҲ֮ʥе֮ˣkˣյǶ۷壬ҹ˭ܹk⣿
ºףѾǰֻۣһܹǶ۷壬ΪһߡΪʲôһ
ȫǲͬһʿʵۼǿѾΪġ֮ʥµĹûеۼر޷˺һߡ
״ʥЦ̤һô򵥣Ѿߵ˵·ľͷǼλ䣬еĺۼ֮ʧ򣬳ǸĻ·Ҹٽһ
ۼǿ֮Գٳ޷һΪ֮Уkǵ·ĺۼȻ֮Уõ·ԽԽխҪ̤һҲԽԽѡ
Ȯǡ࿨ǿȮһĸΧǿһ֣һֻӴޱȵĽȻ֡
ħʥȵʥݵȮǵǿ߻ӭӣ
һâҫһĿ࣬һȮüӡİ࿨ǿȮһʥһ³Ƭǿա
Ȯʥ߼ʥ
һʥ߹һ
ħʥС׵Ȩ͹ʥУǰ࿨ǿȮһǽ
Ȯʥ΢΢һ̾ͷС׵۴˻ڣҰ࿨ǿȮһȻΪսһˡȻС׵Ѿ䣬Ұ࿨ǿȮһѾһ壬ԸΪʥЧҰ࿨ǿȮһҳС׵۴һҳϡ
ţ
浭Ӧһս˱ͬˮһ㣬ûȮ֮ڡ
Ȯǵİ࿨ǿȮһͶ֮Ƭ֮У󲿷ԭС׵۵ĸӹ嶼׷׳棬ʮС׵Ĺֱʥߵıӻ֮£ĸǣãã֮С
֮·ڵȻֻʿһ֣ͬޱߣʥߵıӻ֮£ȻһʿʵۼǿҪ׷ɱkҲʮѡ
Ҳûǲ׷ɱЩߵ壬ֱӽkǵĸռݣĿɸԴ
ԭС׵ȨһʮſԵʥߵʥǱ㱻ȫ£һ±
һſǳ֮бÿһҹͣĺÿһ춼мʮս˱
һʮſԵʥߵʥԴ֧֣ܹҲһ¶ܹԣҲڷ
߽Ҫ֮·㣬뾭δսնɱС׵Ȩ֮Χûһ֮棬ֻܹĿ潫С׵۵£øӵǿ
̶һµʱ䣬㽫һʮʥȫӹܣصˮйͨĽǸɳĸּϸͳͳնɱһ
渽ĸɳʹߣ潻á
ַһƬ֮أûбκǿƿء
÷Բʮ궼һֹŤ״̬ʥµĴһ룬ͻᱻֱ꣬䡣
ۼǿһ֮ڣͬᱻǹŤ״̬Ťʵ͵һΪΣյĳ̶ȣбʥɱΣա˾壬Ҳ޷סá


1186 
һâ΢΢һΧ¶Σ档
С׵۵ƿ֮ǰַѰһĻԵ
֮·֮ԴʥӵаۼǿߣΪ֮·ӵиַÿһַӵйĪ
ãȻ죡
˫۸ֳصӡÿȥֻһޱȵĻΪģ˷ɢȥ
ڤڤ֮У·һƬһ߼ʵĻ꺣Ϸ޾ĻǹĻ꺣֮û롣
һᣬֱһ̤õ֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬һӴޱȵ֮ϣ·Ҫֱӳ
ӡҫһǿĽΧ֣һɿֲޱȵֱ֮赲
һռ΢΢һһعҫսȻɳ
عҫսһɵƬգоƬʮֹŤҲֱӾֹ޷
üͷ΢΢һ壺ַǹ죡
عҫս˲û꣬ΪЩûĻ˻᲻õӰ죬ֻǽȴԶԶԤϡ
ȥ
һ˿˿겨ƴΧͼꡣ
ʥӡػ֮£һ·ȥ
Խգ˼꣬һӿȣĻӱǰ
һһ֣һֻͷ­ֳֺɫ޲Ĺһ´ǻֱ֮ȥ
һɺڶǰȻ֣ǳͷ­Ĺһ룬ֱӽͷ­Ĺ˽ȥͷ
һ˿˿ޱȵĻͷڴһûڣꡣ
ͷﱻɣ·ŭһӣһһޱȵͷǻֳ֮һԴĺɫ޲棬
һ׶桢Һȸַ׷ЩͷֱӺȥ
Щͷ·ʵ֮Ǹ깥ķκηڵkǵ֮ϣֱӴ޷˺kǷֺ
һĨأȻлֱۣӹĹ
ǻĸ꼫֮󣬲пܽ㣬ΪһߡЩֱӹĹһΣյĹ
һɺڶȻ֣һ׵ĹһһޱȵͷȾɺڶ֮ڡ
һɹɾޱȵ֮ɺڶ֮ӿûڣꡣ
ɰЩĿǣЩӿһͷͷȫɡ
һޱȵĻӷ·ӦĿ£΢΢һһʵתΪһӰ
ߣǸ°ɣ
һЦָһţһɺڶȻ֣ǹޱȵĻһ
һޱȵӡ֮֮£һתΪӰĻһ±ץסɡ
ӵдޱȻĻ֮зޣޱȵĻԴԴϵӿڣŵkꡣ
ʮ֮һӾͱֱɵøɸɾ
һĨ֮ɫǺñһӾҵڽһСܹһǧĻӣҵͿٽһΪżϵȵʡ
żϵʴԲκһҪΪһ޵а뽫ԼżϵȡҲǳΪһ޵аǿ߱ﵽ֮һ
Ⱦң
һ֮һԴ˳ǺķһֱۣһǸȥ
һԱߣͷͷֳֺɫ޲һŮʥΧ
ŮʥǰƯһɫ˿˿֮ϣӡҫһͷһͷ޸֣Щͷɱ
Щͷ֮ڵkǵΧ֮£һͷһͷĻޱֱӸɵǺɫľ޲ʱʱԽգһŮʥϡ
ŮʥÿǺɫľ޲У嶼ûκ˺ۣȴɫһףϢ֡
һ֣ͷַ·һ㣬׷ǻֱȥ
һӸǹϣֱʵ飬ģͼӴ˵롣
ӣ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ָһţһɺڶȻ֣һһӡҫӲĽԼͷֱ˽ȥ
Ů֮֮ɫֱߵǰһʥ߶лʥѳȣһ
浭ʥ־㣬ֻǾ֮Ͱˣÿ
ʥߵʥ֮Σأӵʥ߶ܹɱһͬǰΣ
նɱС׵Ȩ֮д󲿷ʥ߶Ѿ֪šͬʥΪԭ򣬸֪š
һã
˽֮ͬ󲻾ãһƬޱȵĻɫ쫷ɫɳϯ
ʥ߿ǿޱȵĻɫ쫷磬ɫ䣬ʧеãƻɳһִڻУͻ걻شķ֮⣬ûʲô
һɺڶȻ֣ǻɫ쫷ԼɫɳһǿصĿֲΰһ±ӲĽǻɫ쫷Լɫɳͳͳɡ
ûʲôԵֵ
ʥߵĻո£Ƭ֮еһжѾɺڶֱɣʲôҲû¡
˵ʲô
ʥ΢΢һȻһЦû˵ʲô
ʴ꣬Ըʴʥꡣ
ʥߵĻﻹû£һɺڶѾ֣֮Ǹֵʴֱʲôʣ¡
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һɺڶٴθ֣ƻֱɵøɾʥߵĻû˵꣬ƬɱʥƻѾʧ
ʥ߾һ·棬һ·ѹ֮еĸȫɣ˺棬ʾʾ
һ·ǰУþõĺ
õĺһĪĵÿһ֮϶صӡɢһ˿˿
ĪĵɢŵĲֲ֮κһʥʿĴһ̤ͻᱻǿֲޱȵĵѹѹñ
棿
һ̤һƬ֮ڣһ֮ǰİ׻һ˫ۣĶ棬һĨɭޱȵɱ
ǰ׻һɢʥ۷ǿߺʵôˣ׻ӣ
׻Ķ棬ɱҼǰ׻һĳʥ档һʥߡ
ʥЦʥߣȻãĵ˾ҵĵˣΪɱ


1187 նʥ
ʥ΢΢һʾ⣬һʥʥֱһǰȵʥߣﲻ¼ܹĵطȥߴҵĿȥ
ʥһһ֮ǰʥǴ󲿷ѹĿڴ˵أһ¶Ϸ֮ɫ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һȭݻγһǳ˺գѹһУʥߺȥ
ʥɫ䣬ͷ֮ӡ֣һɫĹȻ֣γһ绺չ
һǳһײɫĹ֮ϣһ㽫ɫĹ÷飬ʥϵʮطһһ飬ʥϣһ㽫ʥߺ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣һʥֱɣʥߵԴ
ʥ߾Ȼɱˣ
ʥߺײУ
һݽɫ

ڳһʥĿһжһ˿˿ɵ֮ɫ
ǣȻɱҵˣȥ
һһͷɫԸУò޾ףһβľŮһ·һ˺ѷεĽӶһߴ׵սͬһŮսһ㣬ֱӺȥ
ȻˣȥɣҶǵĶͣ
кâһһȭս֮ϣսһȭ飬һȭͬһѹգһУһβŮʥֱӺȥ
ס֣
һŭ֮һͷϳǣɢʥ۷ϢʥȻӶսһնȥ
ս֮Уƣһ˺Х֮ս֮ȥ
һʱΧƣΧʱһ±ҹ졣
һȭֱӺһβŮʥߵϽβŮʥһ飬һɺڶһ¸֣βŮʥһɡ
ͬһʱ䣬ʱֱ֮һȭݻгһǳս֮ϣһ㽫սֱӺ飬ʮֹһȭһʥߵϣʥֱӺķѣһɺڶֱӸ֣ʥֱɡ
˭Ҫ
Ȼվ֮Уһʥߣһɿֲޱȵɱεķ
ͷһɺڶ΢΢һһҽɺڶֱ֮Ʈء
һߵ֮ǰطʥĿһ¼ϡ
ʥɫҲһ±ʮѿȻǿ󣡣
һʥʥµʥ֮һڵkУ൱նʥߵһ۰Ȼʥɫʮѿ
׻ҲһĨ֮ɫôǿĽ̫ˡ
࣬ôĵӣȻ֮·Ұɲǡ
һȼܻľʥɢʥڵĿֲһ̤һγһݣڵkĽ£·ӭһ޵еĻ
ȥ
ϡסâҫһ˲ƳǾʥǰһն
һɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬һʥֱնȥ
һʥɫ䣬һ¸ֳصӡָһţһ޴ޱȵĻ֮Ȼ֣ǻ֮һ֣ݻΪһ磬ػǾʥǰ
һɫâһնǻ֮ϣǻֱնѿ˳ն£նǾʥϣǾʥһնء
һɺڶȻ֣Ǿʥֱɡ
ʥ߱նɱ֮ЩߵΧʥһĬҲûиվ档
׻ӣԭ㣡ңáǶȥˣ
ĿһƣʥߵȼʥϣһЦһĨɭޱȵɱ⡣
һʥһ±ʮº͵λʥߣһʥӺ֮һϲʥߣ׻ҵĺѣҵ֮ϣǹȥĳһʹΣ
ȻһˣΪʲôҪһӣ
ɭһЦǡסӡҫһʱڵk߻ƣʱһ¸ߴٱ·˲һ㣬ϲʥߵһʥǰһնʮѿգʥߵзͳͳն飬˳ƽһʥֱնɱ
һɺڶȻֱ֣ӽһʥɡ
һ֣ҪͳͳռɱһŹǵԴܹ춨kĸkɱǣҲԲŹǣ
ϲʥɫ䣬Ĭģһǳ֮ɵȻɳȥ
ϲʥߵʥͬ׻һַ֣ͬȥ
¼࣬Ȼ֮·Ұ
һֻȼܻ棬һִգɢʥʿ۷ֲϢĽȻɳԦŽ֮ףֱӺ
һŸͷӡľʥߣֳһ޸̺壬һնȥ
һֻʥһ¸֣֮ħ֮зֱ䡢桢綾ڰȥ
һħԳֳһɫսꪣŶսصİԵս⣬һնȥ
֮·֮ܵ׷ɱǿƳãһնɱ˼֮·ʥߣЩ֮·ʥǶоܵвǿƳ֣Ҫɱڴ˵ء
úãҿԽЩʥͳͳնɱȻǵһһҳֵĴۣ
гȵս⣬סâҫһſһԻеӡ֮˵ڶ̬ӴޱȵĦʯ֮ӿûڡ
ǻеӡ֮΢΢һģ˲ƳһħԳ󣬻һնһɫâһն䣬ͷħԳͬkеսһΪһɺڶ˳ƽͷħԳֱɡ
һɱͷħԳһʱΧ֣ʱŤ֮Уһ°ǼʥߵĹ
֮ǵۼر׻ֱ棬һն£նʱնɱȥ
Ǻõϧƿѵˣ̫ˣ
һЦӶꪡһնʮѿգһնǡ׻֮ϣֲޱȵɫһ±ǡ׻ֱɡ
һâ΢΢һһ˲Ƶǳֻʥǰǳֻʥֱնȥ
ʥ֪ˣס֣
һֻʥɫһ¿ధ
һЦӶսһնǳֻʥϣǳֻʥһնء
һɺڶȻ֣ǳֻʥֱɡ
ЩΧʥ߼һĻһе
һͷʥһ˫һ»һɫĻԶȥ


1188 նɱ׻
һöʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱǽʥһ
ǽʥ߱ʱһ·ʱһ㣬ޱȵĳԭء
Ӷꪡһɫâǽʥֱնȥ
ס֣ʥǽһڴʥĵӣҪնңҸ׽ڴʥŹģ
һʥһ֣淭ڣӡҫһ滷޾֮׵ĶȻɳѹա
㸸ǸңҾ͵kȥžۣ
ɱӿһնһ֮ϣʮѿգһ㽫ǽ֮ܺ顣ꪡһǽ֮ϵĽ֮ͳͳգʤһǽʥնȥ
ס֣ʥҵϣĵkһ
һɴʥĿֲ֮һֻҫ޾׹Ĵִץ
ҹħ״ʥ
ʥǿڳˣ
ʥ֣ʥԲҲʥӡ

ЩΧ۵ʥǼһĻж΢΢һɡ治һʥߣôһʥ⡣
Ҫɱ˾ֻ·һ
кâҫȻ٣һꪽǽʥնأһɺڶȻ֣ǽʥֱɡ
һʱΧƣʱ֮£һ˲ָȫʢ״̬һնֻʥǿ֮ϣɷֱӷһ֮ߣһնڳ
һڵϣ׹ҫĴʥɫ䣬ӡҫֱӸֳһˣ˵ϣѪء
ôĵӣ¼࣬Ȼնң
һҹħ״ʥʱŭ׹ҫһħ״ɳһɲǱɵߵ
Ƭ֮УϲʥߵȲд漸ʥǡ׻ΪģʩչطĵֵĹ
ʥ¼ʥߣڴʥҵֿѣ㾹Ȼնɱֿ֮ӣˣûܹȵ㣡
ҹħ״ʥ޾׹⣬ʥ۷ĿֲϢ˷ͬһ˼޾ɱ⡣
ҹħ״ʥҪˣ
ҹħ״ʥ׵壬ʥڵkС
һ£ʥܶˣ

Χ۵һʥж˷ޱȵĹâڴҪ汻ܵһĻ
ƾ㣿ֻΪҵ̤ʯ
кâסӡҫе˫һģһ˲Ƴҹħ״ʥǰһն£ʮѿգһɺڶʮΧ֣һС
ҹħ״ʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һУһʹðۺƶɵսһ¸֣һն׵ǿ֮£һ̺ŻһСһֱ֮նȥ
һɫâһն֮ϣ֮һ˲ֱӱնƬһɺڶ׵֮е
ҹħ״ʥҲһ֮£ֱӺɳ֮ңѪ䳤ա
ҹħ״ʥˣ
ôܣǿҹħ״ʥʥ۷ǿߣ
ʥһʥʿ۷Ĵڣʥǣôܹ˼򵥣ҹħ״ʥ

ЩʥǼһĻһһں
ǴʥǿȻʥûбϵ𣬿ɶʵԶԶʥ֮ϵĴڡҹħ״ʥʥ֮УҲߡĴھȻһɣֱš
׻Ҳ֮ɫʥǿһʥǿߣȻһˡô˿£
׻ҲǴԶʱͳľ콾kʥĽٶԶԶk󡣵kֻѷһѾһشҹħ״ʥõkг˼ʡ
ȥ
׻âҫѪ֮ڣһ±仯Ϊһ峤ߴʮ׵İ׻޾ɱӿǡ׻֮ڡ
ǡ׻ϣһ׵Ϣǡ׻֮ǡ׻Ȼն£նգֱնȥ
ǡ׻һնΧʱһ±նϣ޷˲ǰȥնɱҹħ״ʥ
׻ӣȻҾͳȫ㣡
һת˫һųɭޱȵɱ⣬Ӷսֱһնǡ׻֮ϡ
ʮɫȻһ㽫ǡ׻֮ŵ嵶âֱӺ顣
ǡ׻ĵâһ飬ϲʥͬʥһʹһۼرһųޱȵĹâһͷɢ̫Ϣ峤ǳȻɳ
һͷһɳӡҫԦһǧʮǳһޱȵìȥ
һޱȵìÿһӵɱʥߵĿֲܣʥǿҲԵֵ
׻ӡϲʥߵȼʥ֮ǰַͨʽǣס棬Իɱһˡ
ǰ׻ӡϲʥߵȼʥ߶ߣkǼ֣Ĭǿ棬ҪkնɱҲûô򵥡
кâסâҫǡԪ顿֮Ȼӡ֡
һأѹһеɺڶȻ֣ɺڶһӰ
һöԪ顿һûǸӰУӰһ»ֳ֣ס
һޱȵӰָһţ·ɵĻֱһǴǳ֮ϣһǳֱС
ϲʥԼ༸ʥһ±ɺڶ֮ڣԴһ±룬һ±øɱޱȡ
ϲʥݾַĺеס֣ʥĺʥӣ㲻ܹɱңҪɱңԲŹġ
ɺڶ֮УһںڶӰָһ㣬ͬѹһһµϲʥߵ֮ϡ
ϲʥߵеԴȫ룬һ±仯Ϊҳɺڶ֮Ʈɢ
Ǽϲʥߵ׷Ҳɺڶ֮УԴһ±Լ룬һѻҳƮɢ
˼ʥߵɺڶһһ½ǰ׻ľ޴׻һ¾С
һ֮䣬ǰ׻ӾһɵԴֱӱɡ

׻ɫ䣬ȼվѪǡ׻һųޱȵĹâһ˺Ѳ񷣬ɺڶնȥ
ǡ׻޼᲻ݣﲻƣɺڶֱնѿǰ׻ȥ
һꪡһնǡ׻֮ϣʮѿգʮɫһըѿǡ׻ͬ׻һͬɺڶ֮ڡ
棬ס֣Ҫɱңס֡
׻ӷһޱȵĲҽУһ±øɱԴĳ룬һ»ɻҡ
ǡ׻һͼնգɺڶӰָһ㣬һָǡ׻֮ϣӡҫӲĽǡ׻ֱѹ


1189 ɴʥ
ϲʥ߱ɱˣ
׻Ҳɱˣúݣ׻ӿǰ׻һϣ׻۵ӡkȻʥնɱˣ׻һҪ񡣡
壡ϲʥʥ֮һʥȻնɱϲʥߣԲŹ
Ҳ֮һʥȻնɱ˽ڴʥӣˡ
Ȼնɱʥӣһˣֻûɱˣ

Щһߵ֮ǰǵߵصʥǿǰ׻ӱɱ׻ѹɫ䣬֮ɫ
ЩѱʥҲһĬ֡
ҹħ״ʥɫ䣬ʩչطΧ׹ҫһֲޱȵħף֮ȥ
ӣôף
һЦһ㣬ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱǡʱ֮顿ӿᴩգҹħ״ʥһˢ
ʱĳˢ֮£ҹħ״ʥΧʱ·𱻲ϵĻݣǰһĵˣԭس֡
ҹħ״ʥɫ侪еʥңֻҪնɱʥԸ⽫׽֮Ϊ͸㣡
ʥ˴ˣȻҹħ״ʥѾǾ͸һӣŹkһΣ
һֻ·նѲȻɳɢһ˿˿ֱһһͷ̫鼶̫ӰȻ֣ſݺݵҧȥ
̫̫һͷ鼶ľޣһӵ޵аΪkı̳Թʿʵۼޣҧ˹ߡ
һֻ̫һ޵а̫ƶɵĵۼرһǡ壬һʿʵҲᱻһΪˡ
һĨ֮ɫһնʮѿգһնͷ鼶̫Ӱ֮Уһɫըѿֲһ鼶ֱ̫Ӻ顣
һͷ峤ߴһǧףźɫӡɢһϢľ޴գɢʥ۷ĿֲϢĶ档
ʥǸС׵ľ콾
kС׵֣հС׵۵СkվǴС׵۵ӵһû뵽kȻΪʥˣ
ʥС׵Ҳֻѷһɵ֮˵ľ콾kȻѾʥС׵ҲδǵkĶ֡һʥǲڻ£

ЩΧ۵ʥҲӿһ˿˿˷֮ɫ
ͬʥۻޱȣӵе֮˵ľ콾һʥսͻֱƴʥڵĿֲڣǿƵ֮·УҲһһǿߣе֡
ʥҹħ״ʥǵĺѣҪնkΪУ
һף·ɵľɢŴʥڵĿֲһʹ֮߳Ƭգֳһ󴸣Ķ档
һŮ°ȴǳߣ峤ߴǧףԦһ磬ɢŴʥǿҲ֮зɳһ˫ɫͫ׶棬ɭޱȵɱ
Ҵʥ
ߴʥ
ʥ֣ʥǲӣֻ·һ

ЩʥǿʥһĨ˷֮ɫ
ʥÿһʵԶͨʥĿֲǿߣk֮вİÿһǧ꣬ʵɲ⣬֣ȫԺ¡
ɨҴʥʥһ۵ȷҪΪҹħ״ʥΪУ
ҴʥڵʥֻҪҹħ״ʥǸ飬ǿһʹ̣
Ҵʥʥ֣ȫĽܡǻһʥףɱһʥȴʮѡͬӵۼرľ콾ֻҪӴ˵ѣʥ֣Ҳûκΰս¡
ƾĸûǸʸҵǸ
һЦһһ֮ȪȻ֣һʮ֮Ȫһ³ͷ̺ŲʥȪˮԴԴϵû֮ڣꡣ
֣ҪָĻᣡ
ҹħ״ʥһȣʩչطԲħӿһֻֻսìȻ֣ȥ
ʥԦǡһͷ̫Ȼ֣ȥ
ҴʥָһţһǶһöʯ۵ԲȻɳһգһޱȵʯâֱȥ
һʥ߱ʯâУҲᱻֱʯһʯͷ
ߴʥֳһֻȨȣ·ԦŷŮȨȹâҫ̺ŷ֮ռ֮ļȻ֣˷ƶȥ
̬
кâһɺڶȻ֣ɺڶ룬һӰǸӰһУֱӽǡԪ顿ץС
һӰһ¶ò·Ϊɵķʥһһɲ֮䣬㽫ʥһǿֲޱȵĺڶ֮ڡ
ҹħ״ʥγɵ׵սìոշɳͱһɺڶֱɡ
ʯâһɳҲǿֲ֮ɡ
һ̺ŷ֮塢ռ֮ļոһɳҲǿֲɺڶֱɡ
ҹħ״ʥɫҧô
ǿֲޱȵɺڶ֮Уҹħ״ʥܹĸ֪ԼԴڲϵš
ҿ
ʥԦǡɺڶֱһ˺Ѳ񷣬ɺڶֱնѡ
ʥһΣĵ⣬ɺڶ֮ȥ
һɺڶӰһ㣬Խգһµҹħ״ʥϡ
Ҫ
ҹħ״ʥһ·һޱȵĲҽУԴһ±һգһƬҳƮ
ǲдʥһ·ֻΪ⣬Ųͬķȥ
ʥǱնɱС׵ʵɱҪǿˣ˴ʥҲС׵۵Ķ֣
ɺڶ֮еֱһڣǡʱ֮顿ӰϷ֣ӡҫʱӿӰٶһ¼ٴﵽٱ
һֲӰ΢΢һΣһ³ǺʥڵλãһģǺʥֱһ
ѿ
ʥһŭ𣬼ԦšһɺڶֱӼ
ɺڶڱһ˲䣬仯һ֮һ´Ǻʥϣֱӽkȡһɡ
һŤһɺڶٴθ֣ǺʥĿ֮Уٴνkһ˽ȥĳkԴ
ɺڶһŴΣպϾŴΣھŴαպ֮󣬱Ҳûſ
ɺڶɢſֲޱȵѹվɺڶ·ЩʥǿȥĿ֮˸֮ӡ


1190 Ļ׽״ʥ
ʥĶ֣
ǿʥ
ʥΧն̫ˡ

һΧ۵ʥ߼һĻһ
ĿȥһƬžЩʥȻûһҪΪʥͷ˼
ǡסâҫһ»ָ̬ͨ
һ̤һߵ֮ǰ
һ֮ͨȼڻ棬ͷϳʮϸС۾Ļߡ
ӡһϸ֣Щӡ֮У̺أİ壬ǻĵ·չֿ
һһߣӴޱȵܹ㿪ʼ¼ҽǸӡΪ֪ʶ
ⲻҵĵ·
ɨһߵĵ񣬱ǰУһߵ֮䡣
Щһߵ֮ǰʥһӽ׷˱ᣬóһ·ߵ
𡢷硢ˮصȸֵߵǰɨһۣƾܹ¼㲻ᡣ
߻֮·ߵĵ·
һ֮ǰһģģɢһĻòƵĵߵ񣬶ʱ۾һ
Ļһ´֮и֣͸Ĵһ´һߵ֮ϡ
ӡĻ֮õkɢһֹŤؾ׵ı仯
һɿĻ֮д
Ȥ׻ʲôӣڴ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ㣬ʮ֮ȪȻ֣̺޾ʥȪˮһ½Ļ׵֮ϡ
Ļš֮ȪʮֹĿʼ۳һֹޱȵĲ֮Ļ塿
һϢƴĻ֮дһ֣ʮĻȻ֡
ЩĻһ֣kǵĻúֱӱĻգΪ˹Ļһ֡
һ֣һ޴ĶѨȻ֮УϡĵرԴԴϵӿһûĻ׵֮ڡ
Ļ˸Ļϵϡĵرϵıøӵǿǽʵ֮ġĻ塿ѸٵĹ
ʮ֮ȪܿͱĻմĵĽһ֮ȪֱóĻա
һߵ֮Ҳҫصӡ׵Ļ֮ıĻš
֮һޱȣŤصĻȻƬ֮и֡
һ֮УһޱȣӴ׵Ļһ¹עĻ׵ڡ
ޱȵӡһĻ׵֮и֣һ˿˿ʥĹŤĻ֮һ´Ļѹķ
ʥ
˽״ʥ
˽״ʥһǻϵĴʥ
ǸʥĲ𣿺ùĴڣkȻ׳Ϊһʥ
ʲôôûм
ʲôڣôȻԽʥ

֮ڣеʥߡʥĿⶼƬ
ʥһ֮ս塢֮·еĵһҲֻʥػ
֮·еһҲֻʮҵĴʥػ֮УЩʥҲƽһҲܹһľ콾κһʥܹӰƽĴ¡
µһٻһĴڣ֮н״ʥֱŵ˼㡣
ʥվڲԶ֮ǹŤĻף֮֮ɫʥһܾȻֱӽΪ˴ʥ̫ˣ
ʱһĻ֮ĵߵһųµӡһģģʥ߶ԿĵߵΧһ²¶һžֻ۾ÿһֻ۾ɢŹӡľۻħߵӰ
ۻħʱ֮һպǿ壬Ǹǿһ;ͨɵĲݻ֮򡣺ųһĻϵʼ֮һֲס
ܺãܹĴڡе壿е壿ԣ㾭α죬ѾǵĻе壬ǳΪ壡ɣΪһ壬ΪҾۻħɣ
Ǹ׵ĵߵ֮ϣһɢһɿֲףĻùĵһһ̣һ´Ļ׵ڡ
Ļһ·Ļ塿һʵת飬仯ΪĹڡ
ֹ޵״̬Ļȫĵط״̬ʥߵĹߡȻֹ״̬kҲȫ޷Ӱʥߡ
Сˣ
ǾۻħһĨһɢصӡ˫һ»ޣ֮УӡһûĻڡ
Ļ֮һ·ҵʹ
Ļ׾ν֮ѾԶԶһͨϵеսˣһ߽ǱĿֲе塣kӵ˾޴ĽܣͬҲʹеȫӵеĸо
ۻħۣkҪĲ£ܱǸkɲܹΪ壬㻹ȥұ˰ɣ
Ŀ䣬һָ̤һţһ޴ɺڶȻ֣һؾۻħ۵·ĵȥ
£
Ǿۻħ۾Ÿһתһɨȵ
һɲ֮䣬һת
ģ˭ˣ棡ѧҾȻ˸ʱ
֮ΧһۣϤޱȵѧУ󣬶ʱ¶һ˿˷ܵЦ⡣
һҵʹһ´翪ʼ
ĸ֪һ´ӻþ֮뿪ص硣
ǿ£߻֮ߵĿֲһ񣬾ܹ֮еŵ˳Բ԰εĻþ֮ڡСסһΣҾˣ
濴ɢӡġסһӿһ亹Դӽʥ֮ѾܾûΣյ״
ʥʿѾһ˿ԣ󲿷ֵĻѾԵkЧԻΪԼ·ʥҲʮϡ١
Ǿۻħһ۾ͽþ֮Уһֱӳ٣޷԰Σֱֲ˼㡣
ܿϧۻħۣϾֻһˣһβдʱⳤ֮еɢɣ
кâһһɺڶһ½һۻħ۵·ĵɡ
ǿֲޱȵ֮һھۻħ֮ϣĳǵ֮ϵĳ֮
Ǿۻħ۵ĵɫСɽkҲڲϵĲʱбĿܡ
ˣôʱΪҵɣ꣬ʥ֮УҲǼΪɫȻҵĵ·ҲԳΪҵˡ
һ֮ϵľۻħһЦһŤһ»һޱȵĹâɺڶһûڡ


1191 Σ
һתطʱ塿Ȼ֣˵һ»һֿһеĿֲڶһУѹһС
Ǿۻħ۵Ĵڹףγһʵ֮еĹâһͶǹĺڶ֮ڡ
ɺڶӡҫȴ޷ɵκζ
ûõģ棬ҵıѾꡣҵĴڣʵϽֻһ˵Ǿۻħ۵·дĺۼûʵ壬ɰôǿᣬҲ޷ҵĴڡɣֻҪΪһ壬ܹþۻħ۵һ֪ʶʹУضԳΪһߣѹλ棬̤㡣
һջ֮лص
ܣһںϣҾͲҡǵߵ·ĺۼҲԲںϣ
һĨ֮ɫǡסâҫһתΪ̬
һɺڶȻ֣ɺڶ룬һģģӰǡԪ顿ץУһ¶ıò
һ׵Ӱһץ汾ץȥ
һӰһûڣֱ֮һץһ֮УݻγһɺڶѹһУһС
ǿֲɺڶһ֣ӡҫһĻõĹâһγ˾ۻħ۵Ӱ
˲𣡣ȻѾԼĵ·ݻزϧ֮ϵ軹̫ˣҵĶ֣
ۻħۿǹ׵ɺڶһĨ֮̾ɫָһţһֹŤʵ֮Ĺһ¸֣·һŲĻһ㣬֮пһеɺڶһ
һ׵ɺڶͱһŲĻֱӾУ֮޷ʶ֮ɢ
ֹˣ

һûᣬʥĴûᣡ
ɱӶϵвƸ˵ܹͻƿΪʥ

Щڵߵ֮ϲЩߵ·ʥһһĨ⣬棬ɱӿ
֮·֮УܵӵĴڡһãͺȻնɱüʥߣֱʥЩʥȻΪУһ˺õĻᣬ̲סҪ֡
պȻһһӡɢİսì֮иֱ֣Ӵȥ
¼ϣȻҶϳ֣ǲ֪
һ˿˿ҫǰħʥȻ֣һĨ֮ɫָһţһֻħ۵Ĵһսìһץ
һֻֻޱȵħһӡҫֹĹâγһɫĹâսìһա
ǿʥرսìǻɫĹâһգ·һ˲;ʱ⣬Ⱦ䣬һ±⼣߰ߣ֮ȫʧ
ħʥһģ㽫һսìֱӺ顣
ħһᴩգһһվһߵ֮ǰһɫƤ׵ʥϡ
һźɫƤ׵ʥ΢΢һΣһ⣬Զȥ
һɲ֮䣬һֻޱȵذ״ʥߵĺֱӳֳ֣һ߱ذסһʥߴȥ
ʥһ¸ֳط硣
ǡ߱ذסһ´Ǿط֮ϣǾطֽͬһ״ƣմصʥϡ
ӡǡ߱ذס֮һ½ޱȵʥֱӷӡ
ֳذ׵һֳΣҹ
ҹָһ㣬һɫĶһʥߵϣֲޱȵľ綾һʴһʥߣkƤһ¸ʴã¶һΪӢɢһɹʵʥߡ
һʥһ·һޱȵĲҽУס֣Ҫɱңס֣׽ʥһʥ֮һ׹ħʥҪɱң׽ʥԲŹģ
ס֣kʥߣ㾹ȻҶkҪ׽ʥһΪ𣿡
һɴʥڵĿֲֱһֻ·ܹᴩصĽɫ޽Ǵ֮д̳ҹֱӺȥ
ҹɫ䣬ȻˣһӣһһĺڰɴĻȻֵǰ
һֻɫľ޽˺Ѳ񷣬һһڰɴĻ֮ϣһڰɴĻᴩҹ֮ϡ
ҹһըѿһ̵kǧ֮⣬Ѫˡ
һɫҫҹٴ˺ڰ֮ʧ
һͷһֻ׹⹹׵޽ǣʮףɢһɰԵϢĴʥ֮һ߳׹ҫŤա
ħʥһ֮߳ĴʥһĨ֮ɫ׽ʥ
ûҾ׽ʥǼȻ׽ʥһΪУǾͳͳȥ
׽ʥĿǾϣ׹⣬ԥʩչ׽ʥһǿطͷһֻ޴ޱȵ׽һ·ɳޱȵ׹⣬ݺݺȥ
׽ʥȻѾ֣ҪնɱԲ£Ӳϻ䣬һ˿
Ķ֣
ħʥɫ䣬һΣǰϵħȫѪ֮ڣ˼ޡ
ħڰħʥſһһǧ㷨ӶɵİԲνһ£ڰħʥǰ
һֲֻޱȵ׽һײǰԲεĽ֮ϣֲ׹ҫűŰӲĽǰԲεĽƬһײǰħʥ֮ϡ
ħʥǿֲޱȵ׽ǹᴩһѪǧˡ
ħʥͨ䣬ǵkó׽ʥһ֣ѾǿĹɱطƵðħʥӲƴű׽ʥش
Ϣ֮䣬ѾȫεĲԼʥŮʮֹĳ׽ʥֳ֡ҹذ׽ʥȥ
̿ͣЩ̿ͣһЩĳӣǶڰе㼬֣ھȻҵǰֱ֪
׽ʥһЦָһţһݻγһֲ׵磬ŲԼʥŮֱѹȥ
ǿֲޱȵһԼʥŮֱӻɻңʧ
һ֮һԼʥŮʥ߻Ȼֳ֣һʥر׽ʥȥ

׽ʥһŭ޾׹ҫһֻսìһ´ǲԼʥŮʥ߻ϽԼʥŮʥ߻һ顣
ûõģôʱ䣬زʥɱˣһ޵콾עҪҵУ壬Զ¼壬ԲǷĻᣡ
׽ʥŷĹâһŭ𣬷Բ׹ҫһһƬ׵֮С
һֲֻ׵Ȼ֣ȥ
׵Ǿʥǿ߶ܹش֮·ҲûжܹӲ


1192 ׽ʥ
֮ڣһֲޱȵӰԦɺڶϵĹͼۻħֱɣô޷˺ǹޱȵĲĻ
ۻħһЦ﹥ģûõģ棬Ҿ깥Ѿʮ֮꣡սûκʤ㡣ԹΪһɣͻᱻʥ˺ƬѾһˣһҲνӵ˶Ѿҷ𡣿ҪˣӵһУͳͳᱻĵ˺Ƭ
浭ۻħۣҵ֮ҵӵ޾Ѿڲ֮ء뿪ҿԷߣ԰׼һ塣㲻Ҫкüʥ߷²õkǳΪ󡣡
ۻħ΢΢һЦ޷Ƕ۷壬㣬ĩ٣ʥҲϰˡеЩʥ߶ûн׵ߵǱΨӵн׵ߵǱҿԴһŶط壬ʥߵ֮ϣøΣ
Ŀ亮ȻˣǾûл̸ˣ
һĻ׵Ĵһ´˷֮о󻯣ÿһ͸Ĵ붼ӵһֻֻޱȵ飬ǾۻħֱӴȥ
һûеܣҲҶ飡
ۻħһЦһУһ·ܹնѲġ׻Ȼ֣̺նһеĿֲܣĻ׵Ĵֱնȥ
Ļ׵Ĵһ䶯֮֮Уһ±仯ΪһСذָǣһСذָһɢſֲޱȣѹ죬㲻Ŀֲܣһָǡ׻֮ϣǡ׻һƬžۻħѹȥ
ߵŹǣԣߵŹǿȴû֮ϴڵĺǣȻ֮ϵĴŹǣĶô֮ܳУ
ۻħɫ䣬һݻһϡϢľ޴Ȼ֣ǰ
һСذָһǾ޴Ĺ֮ϣ׾ٵĽǾ޴Ĺܺ飬һ´Ǿۻħ۵֮ϣǾۻħ۵ֱӱƬ
֮ǲĻһ·飬һɺڶһ׹䣬һǾۻħ۲Ƶһ˲֡
һСذָһݻΪ֣žۻħ۵Ƭ
ɶֻһˣ֮ҾԲܣ
ۻħһ´һ󲻸ĵĺ֮ƬһһûĻ׵Ĵ֮УĻ׵Ĵһںһ
֮ڡ
ƾ㣬Ҳңҹ£
һ˫ۣصӡȻ֣һɿֲޱȵĵ֮ͬһʿʵ۸ա
һޱȵҫһԾ£ѹλľۻħһ¸֣ע׽ʥָһţһֻ·ԽѹĿֱֲ׽ʥ¡
ۻħۣԣǻĻ
׽ʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˲ͻָѡɾһ˲䣬kѾ˷ƣ׵ɢȥеһ׵磬ػ
Ļ֪ǻȻԿԼ塣
׽ʥȻҶҳ֣Ǿȥɣ
һĨâָһţһɺڶȻ֣׽ʥϯȥ
ʥƾҪɱңԶˡʮֿܣ
׽ʥһЦʮֹϣʩչطһ»һ׹⣬Զȥ
ʥΧ涼ֱնɱ׽ʥ֪ԼĶ֣ϵѡߡ
һĨ֮ɫӣϧ̫ˣ
ĻȻ֣һžۻħ۵׳ڵkؿڡ
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һ׵Ĺâһһ׽ʥϡ
׽ʥ΢΢һΣһ³˻֮һ˲䡣
һ˲䣬һɺڶһ¿Խռ䣬׽ʥһһ½׽ʥɺڶ֮ڡ
һööӡ֣һɹӴޱȵԴ׽ʥûڡ
׽ʥɫɺڶ֮пధ󣺡ʥҴˡһᣡǺúģҿԷģӽֻҪֵĵطҾ˱ᡣһᣡ
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׽ʥһʥڵĿֲǿߡǿ߾ȻҲСһ

ЩΧ۵ʥһһĨ֮ɫʥߵжһĨºҡ׽ʥ֣ЩʥֻҲ಻סֱӶ֡
һĻ׼ʱǾۻħѹһξΣˡЩʿʵۼǿ߹ȻһѲޱȣһЩۼ˼֡
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ƿ֮ӡҫһɫ˿ƿ֮зɳû˰ħʥǿϡɫ˿֮£ħʥǿϵƶʱܼٶѸٵĻָ
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ħʥȼǿһһ»һԭʧ
Ǿۻħڵķ֮ϿһֻۣǾۻħ۵ĵߵѾ飬Ҳûһ˿֮Ĳд档
תĻ׿ȥۻħѾѾΪһ壿
Ļһ½Լĺ濪š
һĻ׵ĺĿȥֻĻ׵ĺ֮иֳһĪӡĻϵȴûжϣֻҪһͷͿĻԻ١
ϵеսÿһܶӵпֲޱȵĽǱͬkǵĽ·Ҳ᲻ͬԸơ
ĻױĽǱҲǴʥۣ߰ǵk˾ۻħ۵·ĺۼԼǵߵ֮ٴηɱ䣬ǱҲԤ⡣
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һֳ־޸ͷϳһֻǣӡһԽɫͫ׵ľ˵ߵһע⡣
۾һֱ˹ȥѵǴ˵֮Уն˹ߣʱ޵аۣͫҲмصΨһն˹ߵĵߣһΪԼ·ǿߣ


1193 w۲к
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Ҳǿİ֮һ۷֮һ򷨣ݻκεˡ
Ϊˣǽͫ۵֮ǰվʮʥߣ塣
ʥ
ʥˣ

Щʥһӽʱɫ΢΢һ䣬׷ɢһߣóһ·
ǽͫ۵֮ǰ˫֮иֳصӡһȥ
һɲءϣӡɵ·չǰ
Ǻųӽߵĵ֮һ·Ȼϧҵĵ·ǵ֮
潫ǽͫ۵·ӡ֮󣬹ϵĴ֮뿪
һ·ʮߵĵ֮һϡһԲһǧöӡĹߵǰ
wۣɰ壬֮׵ߵǿߣȻǿÿ£
һһߵһĨ˷֮ɫһ¸ֳصӡһ֮ϵӡ
һw۵΢΢һ·˹һӴȻ֣ޱȵĻһûw۵֮ڡ
w۵һ¸գһʿʵۼĿֲѹȻ˷ɢȥ
ߣһߵҲˣ
ô£ЩߵǳЩߵ·ĺۼôһգ

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κһʿʵۼǿҪգ޵е֮ӴޱȵЩʥǾǵkõĲƷ
ɱʥߣЩʥߵͿЩʿʵۼǿѸٵĻָЩ޵һʱѹİûмĴ֮ЩʥȻҽӽ
w۵ĵһſһ»һֲĺڶֱӾȥ
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ɺڶĶԿ֮Уÿʱÿ̶˾޴Ľ·𲦿ǰһ˽ĵ·
ĿƼѾʵ磬Ѿģʥ´ڵսʥµĸֵ·Ѿݳ
ǵߵĵ·ȴԶԶԽļޣ޷w۵ĶԿ濴Լĵ·ĺô֮Ȫ
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ʱ䡢ռ䡢˰ĵûСȻҪְߣߵʱҲʮѣ
һߵ֮ߣûпְĵߵ񣬽Щߵ֮еӡͳͳ¼֮õĺȥ
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һŨ֮ڣ㿴һǰ
һ֮УһƬžһ߼ʵĻ֮ǻ֮룬žɽǾɽ99ס999εߵһɽߴ9999999999ס
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滷Χĸ֪һߴɽ֮ϴϣÿһ߱һʥǿߡǵڰˡھɽ֮ϣûдʥע
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һһǻ꺣֮ϣǻ꺣ֱӸʴΪҽ
ڵɽ֮ϣһüһӡһͷɫòӢʳĴʥ΢΢һЦʥӴʥ꺣ֻܹĻСۣܹ꺣֮гΣپɽ
лѣ
΢΢ףһתطһɺڶȻ֣޾Ļ꺣ֱӾȥ
ӴޱȵĻ꺣̺֮ŵľһ±ɺڶֱգûڡ
Ȼɻ꺣
ǵ죡
˵֮⣬Ȼ˸Ҵ꺣⣬ǵ죬֮

һɽ֮ϵĴʥǼһĻжһĨ𾪡
ǻ꺣һڣһžŸͷ­ֳꪣɢŴʥֲĻȻ֡
һɺڶԽգһ³ǻֵǰֱһţǻһ£ǻֵ
ǻһɣ꺣·𱻼ŭһ㣬һ·ڹһһɢŴʥֲϢĻȻ֣һǻ꺣֮зڡ
ֵ룬һʮͷ­·һ㣬ɢŰѹֲϢĻ֡
濴ʥĻ֣ͷƤ΢΢飺⣬ˣַȻаۼĻ֣ݣİۼǿ߽ٴ˵أҲ


1194 ɻ꺣
棬һ֮
ǡҪ֮дһ
ǡס֮ӡҫһγһŹޱȵĵ߹
һŵ߹ſһֱӻһֲޱȵУǻһ
Щֵ΢΢һһֽ⣬һޱȵĻǵ߹ֱա
һɢŰۼĿֲĻɫ΢΢һ䣬һģŤʧ
һƬԽʥǿ߶ֱӻȥĻ꺣Ҳʮֹʵת飬ģģԱϡ
꺣黯ˣ
ۼǿ߶ʮͷ۵Ļ꺣Ȼȥˣǿ£
пƻֵرܹȥ꺣Ľơ
һۼرȻܹƻ֣ǿ£

Ǿɽ֮ϵʥǻ꺣ʵ飬һĨ֮ɫ
֮еĻ꺣һƬ׵أʥǿߵУᱻֱӻ걻ֱɣһѿݹǡ
ΨЩ֮ʿʵۼǿ߲ܹǻ꺣ֻ֮ߣǻ꺣ãƳֱ
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һĨâָһץһ´֮УһɺڶȻ֣һû黯֮еĻ꺣֮ߣĳȡǻ꺣֮оޱȵĻ
Ҫ黯Ļ꺣֣һµļһ
ɷȻַյ̶ֳȣǿ£
˵֮֮еʿʵûж̰壬Ҳû㣬Ȼˣ

ɽ֮ϵʥһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
ɷΪ죬ҪռΪѡǴʥǿҲֻЩ츳׿Ը⽫ͬʱҪر伮впա
ǡҪסĻ׶׷ΪŦǻ꺣֮ԴԴϴĻ
Щӵǵĵۼر˵ǾޱȵĻǴ֮Ҳǵkǽزٵ֮һ
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ǻ꺣ߵĻ꺣ȻҪ꺣ȫ𣿡

ƬúĻ꺣յĹǸĿֲ۶ɵڡ
ÿһʿʵۼǿ߶ǰý꺣ȡߣ֮Ϊֱ
һƬ꺣ʿʵۼǿ߶ҪõԴھȻһ˷գȻЩʥۺ첻ѡ
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ȫˣʥȻǻ꺣ȫˣ
kôܰ쵽ǿ۳ʥһۼֵĻ꺣꺣Ĺģֻ¿ͬʱ۳ۼĻ֡ʥɰǿkϾֻһʥߣôܽ꺣ɣk޷ô
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ʿʵۣʥпܽΪھʿʵۣư棡

һʥĿתĶ棬Ǽ޾ԸһǳĻ꺣ɣжһĨ𺧵Ĺâ
ӴʥҲһĨ֮ɫʥǿµĴڣһʱѵĻʱ
κһ嵮һʿʵۼǿ߶һΪѵ顣ڹʱֻһūµ壬Ȼһ˰˴ʿʵۣưԽ˷貵İ˴ʿʳȻļʡ
֮·֮УڸʮĬִѹ֮£׶֮ءĳ֣ЩʥǶ˵伮֮мŵ˴ʿʵ۵Ŀֲ
潫ǻ꺣ȫ֮һ̤ǻ꺣ĺףһ99׸ߵɽȥ
ǾɽΧǿޱȵĽ磬ǴʥǿҲշСԽռ䣬ֻܹһߡ
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һ99׸ߵɽ֮ǰ̧ͷһ
99׸ߵɽ֮ϣӡÿһӡڲİ
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ʿʵۼǿѾĲֻ֮Ҫ˾ͲʱŸࡣkǵȻʱţ˥ϡոࡣΨ߲ܹȫֻ࣬Ҫڣͻڣͬڡ
һ99׸ߵɽ֮ϵĸӡʥµĴ޷ĴڣǶʥߡʥǿȴʮϡıء
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һȭֱӺգݻγһֲɺڶǴʥĻֱɡ
ǴʥĻֱ֮󣬲ûлûǴһ˿˿֪ʶͰء
۾һԭˣһɽĵĵطͿԻùİֲû˶Ĵʥǰ˵ء
һɽ֮еĻԽϾԽǿһ·Ļͳͳɱɣʵ99׸ɽ۷塣
Ƕ99׸ɽ۷֮ʱһޱȵĻӡĻ꺣ֱ֮Ӹ֡
һɫĺŴ99׸ߵɽɽ۸֣ͨ999׸ߵɽɽš
ֱѿһƬĪ⣬֪Ժηľ¶䣬ϣꡣ
һ͵һɽ
治ʥӵе֮˵ĹһѾǶһɽ۷壬Ǿǵһɽ۷壬ңңڣֹ˾

ǵһɽɽ֮ϵʮʥѾǶ۷棬жһĨĽͼ֮ɫ
ʮʥ֮ôطѾǧ꣬ǧ궼ɽ֮еĻ޷Ƕ۷塣
滹һʥߣһ֮ڣѾǶɽ۷壬ȻʮʥĽ
潫ǻ¶մָ֮һţһɺڶһѿѷ죬ǻ¶ڵڤڤ֮ϯȥ


1195 Żɽ
һ̺һ˿֮Ĳڤڤ֮дѷһ˲䱻ֱĨƽɺڶֱ顣
һĨϧ֮ɫǻ꺣Ϊ׼ıֻҪκһǿʵ㹻ܹȡ¶ǵǶɽĽ޷ǿᡣ
һ̤˵ڶɽɽ۵ķȥ
һ·֮ϸֲֻ֣湥ȥһɺڶߣһͷͷֱɣ顣
ԸЩֻûЧγɵɺڶҲĻ
w۵Ĳдۼ֮󣬶֮ɺڶѾİױ㽫һͷͷʥĻѹɡ
ǲϵս֮УҲͬǧһ㣬øǿһһĽ
ʥǿʮϡ٣Ǿ֮ͨսĴʥǷëǣҲֻɽ֮ϲܹ˶ʥĻ֣Բϵս
ת˲š
漤ս֮ڵǶڶɽɽۡ
տѣ¶֣֮һ۳ڶöޱȵĻӡһֱӳ֣ͨɽ
͵Ƕڶɽɽۣ
ǿµĹ
Щ֮ۡ⣬ϵڶɽɽ۵ǿߣҲµʱ䡣
Ļôǿ󣿷·֮һ㣿ôǿҲֻʥ۷꣬ôҹͣսѵ˵걾Դ𣿡

ЩʥǿǶڶɽɽۣһĨ֮ɫ
ɽ֮ϳֵĻȻûʵ壬ҪɱkǣȴҪķѴĻͨʥѹһ֣һµʱ⣬ܹԼãԼɱ䣬һ¥
ҲƬ꺣֮Ħʯ֮ڣܹĦʯľϵսԼꡣ
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ԴʥǿߵȻɽӴʥȻɽ̸
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Ӵʥӵɽʼǻɽ֮ϵĻ־ӵʵ壬ɱ꣡ҪСģ
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ǰɽ֮ϵĻֻֽһʮֹĻڣԻ˴ʥ꣬ȴ˺ʥ
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ǻ꺣ײЩʵǵɽʥ֮󣬵꺣ĺǡ
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ĻɽɽһòӢͷϳһֻɫǣòĴʥһĿ࣬ëͬһͷҰһ㣬ĿĴʥ档
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һŽɫǣòĴʥ䵭ħսʥʮ꣡˴ʿʵۣÿһǺѹһľ콾ɽǶļ¼ǽ֮ǽ֮ҲʮʱŵǶ۷塣泬Խ˵Ľ֮ҲҪʮʱпܵǶɽ
ħսʥһЦҶһ֮ڣܹϵɽܹһ֮ڵǶɽ֮Ȫ޷һ֮ڵǶɽҾ֮ȪΣ
ԴʥһᣬϵãҸˣ
ħսʥڴǿǵɽܹһ֮ڵǶ۷壬Ϳ֮ͬУò٣ͻڣ൱һˡ
ԴʥĬĿ档
Ǽɽ֮ϵĴʥǳ˻ڲǿ֮⣬ĴʥĿⶼϣҪǷܹٴδ漣ļ¼
һ̤ǵɽףӡҫһһֻۣɢŴʥȻ֡
һɺڶȻֱ֣ӽһֻŹ۵Ĵʥֱɡ
ɺڶҫһֻ֮ʥĻϣŵk꾫
һ󾫴ޱȵĻͷʥĻ֮ӿûڣꡣ
ʱһޱȵĻӵɽ֮дϣӲĽ֮ϵġҪꪡۼرͳͳӡ
ԭˣӵɽʼ޷ʹõۼرסҲѾӡ˴󲿷ֵܣ⡾ĦʯȻʹáһʯޱȣӦ֮ϵĿֲ䡣ܹߵֶЧ
Լ֮΢΢һɨϲ¶һ˿˿Ц⡣
Ҫ֮ӡǡĦʯȴȫܷӡӰ졣ǡĦʯ֮ԶԤϡ
ͷʥĻֱ֮ǰУһɺڶǵɽ֮һ·ѹЩһ֣㱻ֱɣʧ
ɽɽ
һĴʥһ桢ƿһìֱԦű֮壬壬ɢŴʥڵĿֲһͷһֻۣͷ۵Ļɱ
ǱƬ֮ҫǻϯȥ
һͷ۵ĻеսìһӣһƬƬޱȵҫǱһһ顣
һֲޱȵĹâҫһͷ۵Ļ˺ѱһ³ʥǰֳսìʥһ̡
Ĵʥɫһ䣬Ȼˣһ¸ֳһơ
ͷ۵Ļһì֮ϣֲһ㽫ƺ飬˳ƴʥϡ
ʥҽһܴһ¼ַź󷽱˶ȥ
ͷ۵Ļһǰ̤ʥǰһɺڶȻ֣ͷ۵Ļֱɡ
һͷ۵Ļɺڶ֮вȴһŤĻһҳ
ɺڶһʧһ³ɺڶġ
һĴʥһĨ𺧣ǿʥһʥߣȻܹնɱ˿ֲĻ֣̫ǿˣ
ĴʥһʥǱʥлȡ


1196 ŵһ
Ŀ˱ʥһ۵֮Ͱˣ
ϣǰһһһֻ飬ӵӡĻȻֱ֣ӹȥ
һɺڶȻ֣ͷֱһ˽ȥ֮䣬ͷֱ㱻ֱһա
ʥǰıӰһĨȻ֮ɫǿֻһʥ߾˿ֲ治һʱľ콾ҪǶ۷壬ҪЩ档һ˾顣
һʱĩ٣ĩ֮Уʥʿǿ߳Ƕ㵽ıԵƶĵطпδս֮йӲдӹһ١
֮еĴʥûһǶ۷壬Ϊһ޵еĵߡʥܹϵɽʥ֮ҲĴڡ
ĳ֣һ½ʥнŶͳͳ顣
һ֮󣬵ɽɽۣһɺڶһصɽɽ۵һͷֱɡ
Ǻڶʧ֮Ǻڶֱ֮Ӹ֣һ̤ǵɽɽۡ
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ħʥһĨ𺳣ŸޱȵĹâһ̾Ƕɽɽۣŵһϣ
ԼʥŮ֮Ҳ֮ɫŵһԽߵļ¼һµˣ
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ħսʥһЦ֮Ȫ
ԴʥһĨʹָһһŷӡ֮ȪĿռ֮ħսʥС
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˴ʿʵ֮Уʱֻ֮ʮʥ׷֮⣬ĻʵӵеĴʥʮʥĴʥ
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ʿֹǿߣ˵ֻһʿʵۼǿ߲ǵkӵĳʥǿҲᱻkɱ
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ħսʥһЦ˵ûǲܹ漣ƾʲôΪħսʥ
ǵɽɽۣһͨɽĺֱӸ֣һ̤һ֮ϡ
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һɺڶǵɽ֮Ȼ֣һ·ѹǵɽ֮ϳֵĻһֱֻֻɡ
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ոһɢŴʥĿֲȻ֣˺գֱ
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1197 Ƕڰ˻ɽ
ʮѾǶ߻ɽɽۣٶȸˣ
һٶȣֻЩۼǿ߲ܹԽ
ֽᱻڶ֮ڣþ޴ĺô

֮ڵʥǺķȥжһĨĽ֮ɫ
Ļ¶֮ӿûڣ꣬겻Ͻɱ䡣
һ˿΢Ϣ֮ǾޱȵĻһû֮ʥ֡
һ˿صϵ֮両֡
ӿһ˿򣺡ԭˣ֮ôֻҪһϢڣ䣬ҲԽ֮еһϢۻħӦþ֮ڵͼߵֶιȻĪ⣬ǿ졣
һһ³Ľ£һ·ɵ˵ڰɽɽš
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ڰɽɽ˵֮У˰ǿ֮⣬ֻЩӵе֮˵ľܹڴʥ֮Ƕ۷塣
˴ʿʵһžޣ޵һʱkҲڽʥ֮󣬲սڰ˻ɽʥȻʥ֮ǰս̫³çˣ

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Щֿǿɱʥ۷Ŀֲkɵƣֲֻܹͨ
ڰ˻ɽҲӦþļˣ

ЩʥǼһĻж΢һkȻѾ츳ǱԶԶڵk֮ϣȴȻԸ⿴Ƕڰ˻ɽɽۣٴοһ漣ǻӴkǵźͽ
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Щʥŵڰ˻ɽɽȥһĨ𺳡
ǡĦʯ֮м޾ĻҹͣǳֵĻɱÿһͷ֣İͻһ˵궼ǰһС
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ħսʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾ȻᣡעҪʧˣھŻɽǿǱʴﵽżϵԲǿ߲ܹϡ֮⣬ֻЩԼЩǿİۼǿԾٳһ·Ƕ۷塣
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1198 ׾żϵ
ɽ֮һ죬ָȫʢ֮󣬱ٴ̤˵ھŻɽ
һھŻɽ͸оǵھŻɽ֮дһɿֲ׵ѹ̩ͬɽһѹ֮ϣҪֱѹ顣
תطһӡ֮и֣Լ֮ϵֵǵھŻɽ̺֮ѹȡ
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ǵھŻɽֻʿʵۺЩۼǿ߲ܹɵھŻɽߡ
ǵھŻɽ֮зɳ֮󣬿ǵھŻɽ˫֮иֳصӡŸݽݡ
Ħʯ֮ӿľҲԴԴϵ꣬޸֮ϵơ
ھŻɽ֮еĻѹ̺һ˿˿֮ǿ걻֮ҲҪպĻָܹ
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ڽ׵֮ʱֻǾżµȡżеҵʡĽ֮ǳ֮ոսʿʵ۵ʱʶֻоżµȡkǽʿʵ֮һԴ޲Լĸʽ׾żϵȣΪ޵а
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֮еʥߡʥɫ䣬׷ʩչطԶֱӷȥ
һַȫգô֮ڵʥߡʥֻ¶һ֮䡣עҪ֮λǿ˵ûм˻Źִûᡣ
ԴʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾ȻĴ漣Ƕ˵ھŻɽɽۣ
ħսʥһĨ֮ɫ˷һЦǳҵԤϡҲû뵽ȻܹǶھŻɽɽۣȻöΪ֮ãӵЩ忹ʸ治ҵ
һַַ֮ŵߵ·ĵ޼֮
֮ڵľɽʮϡٿĥѵһЩǿҲ֮ڵľɽĥꡣ
ǵھŻɽɽۣһѣһڤڤĿռ֮УһƴС¾ףɢһ˿˿Ϣȴ鲼Ѻ۵İֱӷɳС
һӡҫǰ֮һ·ɳǧöӡûڡ
֮áҪ֮Ļ֮ڣγıҲ֮ˡȫʢ֮ʱ۳ˡߡսìҲһƵ֮֮⣬Ѿʧ
ǧöӡһûڣǡáһѪĸо֪ǡáϢ
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áѾ䣬еĺۼѾǿֲĵĨȥܸǡá㰴Լ˵ʼȴԼ˳֡Ψʥ֮۳żϵԲʵǿ߲ʸΪkˣ


1199 
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ַĺǡáǡáȡ֮·ɢĻܹγһ漣ַ
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һ·֧һ޴ɫɽһ³ǴʥУɫɽɽۣ޽һԻΰ
룬һһͷɫòףɢһʥϢӡ
صĹȦ֣kӳĵһʥַ
޾ĻԻ˷۶ľعȦաkϢÿʱÿ̶ڲϵǿɢһֲֿޱȵѹ
Ϣӵտʥ˵ʲô£
տʥϣʥһǰǶõھŻɽõѾõˣ
ʥ棿Ǹնɱʥߣƻʥƻ棿
һϢһ»˫ۣ˫֮ҫӡ·ڵk˫֮дڣһϣ޵еϢӵk֮
տʥû
һ̾ھŻɽ˰ۼľ콾֮⣬ûܹǿеȥȻܹȥӦɱԲ׾żϵȡ˲ʱȻ־콾ͬһʱҲҲδĶ֡


1200 
һɢعԵƽĵϧʱվֻǰ̤ʯˣ
һɲ֮䣬ǻԻԲ֮ڣе߻ۡ
һֲޱȵѸٵĳͣɢعԵֱӿȥûӵڡ
ޱȵӡҫһԲĿֲϢӵ˷ɢȥ
Բˣ
ʾȻҲ׾żϵˣ
޵һʱİת֮Ȼ죡

ǻԻ֮ŵĸ̽һӦһԲĿֲϢɫѸٵԼڵ㱨
տʥ֮е֮ɫҵ˲𣡡
ʽ׾żϵȡ
һϢһ´ʥ̳֮Уٴʥ̳
ۣ޵һʱİ
ʥôǿ󣬱ϾֻǴʱſʼ۱ϾȲۣ
ϧˣʥʱض޵һʱĵߡϧʱۣעҪΪ۵̤ʯ

ʥ̳֮УЩųʥǷ׷ӿȸԾЩԭЩ棬ʥǶһ³Ĭ
۱Ͼ޵һʱİ޵СkһԽ˹ȥʥ֮Ѿżϵʡ
ȻЩ֧ʥҲϾǶ۷һΣ̫ơ

ǻԻ֮У޾Դ۵֮貵ɱ䡣
ۻ˫ۣ˫֮粻תĿ֮նΪ֮΢΢̮һɿֲޱȵѹӵk֮һ޵еİ
տʥʹͷվ۵·
˫֮ӡҫһ˿˿˵Ϣӵk֮һɫɢһ˿˿Ϣıӵkзɳ֮С
һɫıâҫӡ֣һա
֮һ³һƬɫĹĻһƬɫĻ֮Уһ¸ֳѩšʯӰ
֮·ʥӵԼkڵλá
ָһһɫӵkзɳһûտʥУȻٴα˫ۡ
һɫıһ»һâû۵֮ڡ
ɫ֮һµر
տʥһɫıһĨޱȵĹâ
ɫ֮ƿصһۼرһʮֺĵۼر
ǡɫ֮ӳ֮£ֻҪӵгĺۼһʥǿԼٵռ֮ڣȻᱻǡɫ֮ռˣӺۼ
ʥߡʥշΪkЧǼɵһ桾ɫ֮һǡɫ֮УȻµأkҲӲ۵׷ɱkӵˣҲᱻǡɫ֮ӳնȻ۸Ͼɱ
տʥ۹һֱ˳ȥ
̦ؾ֮·Եһʥǿ߿ٵؾ
̦ؾڵһ֮УѩŴһɫɴһĴ֮ϡ
ĴԱߣվʮʿĳʹ
ʮʿĳʹԸУ޾סǷ绪ѩӳɻԣγһʤյĻ
ȻȻ׾żϵʣһַáɶ񣬱ǲԶˡ
ѩ֮һĨɥ֮ӡҫһɢһʥڵĿֲ
ѩŽ֮·ͬŻ׳ΪʥڵǿߡkĽٶѾ죬Խ콾ǱĳɳȻμ穡
̦ؾΧһֻ޴ޱȵĻצһؾΧռ䣬ӲĽؾ˺ѡ
һͷ˫ͷӡ˫֮ͫڣ·̺̫龦ֱӽؾ֮С
̫龦Ĵʥô£kô֪
ѩ֮һĨ֮ɫϣʮʿĳʹЯһر֮УٶȰ壬һɫĹâԶȥ
ҵˣʹŮѩţʥ֮·֮УҪ֮һ
һͷʥ̫龦˫һѩţâҫӡ֣̫龦ͫһ˺Ѳ񷣬ѩֱӺȥ
̫龦̫ͫ龦츳ܣӵɷһѡ
ѩ֮кâһһ¸ֳһķϡԴɵġʹŮװͬһǿŮսһ㣬ӽһնһ̺źڰĽâ˺Ѳһն̫龦֮ͫϡ
¡
̫龦ͫһǺڰâһºѩŵϣһѩźɳǧ
ѩһѪһķ̦֮ؾȥ
˲𣬾Ȼֵܹסҵȫһ治ʹŮʣ֣ĳֻһˣ˵ĸˣ
һͷʥ̫龦һЦ˫һģһѩ׷ȥ
ѩŸոһɳ̦ؾһɫȻ֣һɫ֮Уӡҫͬһһ㣬ѩֱѹȥ
һɫǺɫ֮д䣬ѹһУѩѹȥ
ѩŻӽնһ̺źڰĽ⽫Ǻɫնϣƴȥ
ûõģıϾֻһʥߣôҲѣ
һɴʥڵĿֲǺɫ֣֮ɫø貣ͬһһѩŴȥ
ɶʵ̫ˣ
ѩ֮һĨʣĬģӡҫһ¸ֳһ͸Ĺ֣γһö޴ޱȵʹ֮ѣԼֱӷӡС
ʹ֮һͣ㱻Ǻɫֱ˽ȥ
һͷϳֻƽǣ׵ʥָһţǺɫӱֱӷ˵kС
ĴʥǺɫһۻһ̾ʹŮʣǿԳɳΪۼǿߵ֡ʥһʱľ콾Ȼ׷档
һ̫龦ʥһ·ɵĴʥߣ仯ΪһĿӣɭޱȵɱkԽɫԽһkɳ嶼֮ʥɲһĴˣ
һĴʥһ̾ϧǸΪ˴ԲĹΪС
ûѡԻ棬ȡ½⡣һԾ׾żϵʡ˸õѡ񣬱ϵѡͶۣ뾡һа취ѹ
һâʥõkɫ΢΢һ䡣


1201 ʥͶ
̫龦ʥʲô£
Ĵʥɫǰȥ׽ʯĴʥʧˡkӵˣ
̫龦ʥһԸʥĳ룬ȻkѾ֡ôʯûб׽Ҳνˡ
Ĵʥ΢΢ͷһֱӴԭʧ
׵С׵סǳʱǳҲΪܲ
׵֮⣬ƯһʮǳÿһǳڲѾװΪһеҪ
ʥǿǸǿ׵ǣҲԾһ
һâԶϽſռԾ׵Ǹ
ʥסʥأûлʥټ˲ӽǿߣ
һֲƬ֮лص
һâһֹͣռԾһԲεսֱӴ򿪣һòޱ溣ǿߴս̤֮
ǿ΢΢һЦɳʹ⣬ʥˣ
һ溣ϣҲҼϣǲ
һʥѹƬ֮б֮һ֣һͷɢ޾֣һĶ⣬һЦ
΢΢һЦǰҪΰʥһϢ֮·Ĳ£ʹŮѩַǳ͡ѩСΪ⣬Զ仯Ϊʹ֮ѡԼʮ죬ͻΪľλʥߴתʥˣ
˫һųâôĹȻҶҼϵĳҪǿս𣿡
岢޴⡣ֻʥǰǳͰˣѴҾ͸ˣ
΢΢һΣһԲս֮ڡ
һâ΢΢һһԲս㿪ʼֱԾԶȥ
ȥķ׹΢΢һվûгɱ⡣
溣ǿֻ֮صСɫɱ⣬Ҳû˿Ӱ졣
±ϣ
һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣ÷ȥ
ʥϱչ֮أ˵ʲô£
õĵȺ֮УħʥȻ˫ۣԶһĮ
ʥħʥǰҪ棡
ħʥϸոɱԲõھŻɽ֮ꡣʲô£ɱԲ˵
ħʥõk
֮ڣ
ħʥóһ·ǣϣ
һŴ֮ڸ֣ʥĽ¡
ʥһ̤Ǻ֮ϣ㱻ֱӾ˵ھŻɽɽۡ
ǵھŻɽɽۣ֮У޾¶֮УɢޱȵĹԣһ˿˿Ϣ
ϣǿͬΪʥߣ֮ĲྐྵȻ˾޴󡣹Ϣ͸˴ѹȸУѾԽʥ
ʥ仯ΪһӢ࣬г֮ɫ
ʲô£˵
˫ۣӡƣӴĻ
ʥϣʹߣ˵ʹŮѩѾkܣѹַǳ֮ڡѩѾ仯Ϊʹ֮ѣʮͻľ
壬ôĵӣ
һ˫ۣ˫֮ӡҫһɿֲޱȵŭ֮Ƭ֮лص
һֲޱȵѹΧϯȥ
ǹԲѹ֮£ʥһʥ߶ŭ֮΢΢
ħʥϣǳ֮ϱضǰǱߣضᱻΧɱūϷѩţ֮ߡȽǶ֮λٽҲ١ʱūԸΪȷ棬壬ΪѩŴ˸𣡣
ĿŰħʥȥӿɭޱȵɱ
ħʥôһʱ亹ֱ΢΢ʹͷһԲ
֮ڣžһƬ·п籩
ʥʹͷһ仰Ҷ˵
û˵ȷʵ֮ߣ
ã֮
ħʥһѾ亹ʪ
ħʥͲʲôöڵkеkҲΪūԸʵūͣľӹһ٣ûбɡ
޾ɱ⺮ϧұҪѩžȳ۸ʲôۡ壬Ȼҵҵĵ·Ǿ˵kǺˡ
ħʥüͷ΢΢һֱӳĬ
Դʥʥ
ħսʥʥ
ɴʥĿֲϢ֮ڶһƬ֮лص
Ŀ΢΢һƣ㿴ԴʥħսʥʥվñԵ

Ƭ֮лصŴ֮һڲԴʥʥĽ¡
Դʥħսʥһ̤š
һֱӽʥ˵ھŻɽ
ʥ
ʥһ棬һ
λʥǰ˵أʲô£
ħսʥһЦʮ̹ȻҴ˴ǰҪͶʥ£ΪĳΪսʥ֮ǶھŻɽɽۣչֳǱͶ£ҪǶ֮λǶ֮λʱҲϣܹЯһ
Դʥ΢΢һЦħսʥǺѣǵ뷨һ
ʮֹϵáҵǶ㣬ض˶շ
ʥǿÿһǿѹһǿߣһʿʵ۶ͶԼĴʥҲмӡ
ħսʥԴʥʥǰͶȻ֮֮ܽ⡣
ҵĺѩţӡǳ֮ϡֻһµʱ䣬Ҫʲô⣿
ħսʥԴʥʥǴʥڵǿߣʵۣ˿䲻ʹõۼرʥkǶ֮ȻΪʼƵĶ
ħսʥüͷ΢΢һǳһءǰﶯһɱһۼǿߡҪɱûô򵥣ϣȻЩѡԸΪսֻһˡʱҿΪȷ棬ΪϽǳ
治ÿɷĿ˲Դʥϡ
Դʥ΢΢һһҪǽϵĺѩŴ˾ȳǿǳ֮ߡϿԽǳƣϵĺѩһ䣬ûκ塣
Դʥϣ˵۵ߡ
ûУʲô
ԴʥһЦ۵ߡһۼرʱһΪ۵ĵռƶɵıһǸߣܹ任ΪһǿߣһģһҲԷֱ档


1202 
Դʥ΢Ц֮·ĻǺһؾ֮УϢŻۺһ塣ڵkǵУš۵ߡһǻһػܹ˵ǡ۵ߡԸǱ壬ѩŴ˾ȳ
ôϵk
Եȣ
ԴʥָһţһƬ߲ƬȻ֣߲ʵĹâ߲ʹâֱ֮һ仨䡣
ţǻһ¸ֳһһͷɫ̷òĴʥ
һòĴʥĿΧ΢΢һɨɫԴʥʲô£
ԴʥôʥҼʥ
ôʥһĨâһ񣺡ʥ
ôʥϣܹǻһر۵ߡһá³֮ҿ֧ʮ֮ȪΪꡣ
ôʥЩεĿЦʥ˼ȻڡҲÿھܾǡ۵ߡʥػǵkԸҲ޷ҵk
ͬסꪡ׻ӵԵĵۼرǵkһҪأʥǿ߶ѷֵkǵټ
üͷ΢΢һ򣿿ɷҽȥѰҡ۵ߡ
ãǻλáʥ뱻˷Լʵݣݣ򣡡
ôʥһ㣬һ˿˿ҫ΢΢Ťһ·ҪԽ޾ľڴ˵ء
ֻ֮УӵһֲıϣǶͶӰѾڴ˵أȴôҲ޷͹
΢΢һƬ֮ڵıֱʧ
һҫһƬ̵Ҷֱӳ֣ɢһ˿˿֮Ĳ
˫֮иֳӡһƬ̵ҶĿһۣһ˲ǱҶϢһĨһƬҶʧ
ĻǺؾ֮ڡ
ڸˣ
һһͷɫ䣬ĻԸУһɫ£ȫ͹ԳŮӴһɫĹâ֮и֣һҳǧףͨӡһҴʹ֮ǰ
ͨʥػħʾ֤
һɢҫʿսʿǰ
ɫµŮ΢΢һЦһһƬ̵ҶȻ֣ޱȵ̹⡣
һսʿɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫÿ˵·ÿˣһսĵһˣ
սǻһʢ䣬ÿٰһΡֻЩһǧµĻſԲμӡ
ǻս֮εĵһûڳɳ֮䶼Ϊʿϵǿߡ
һʥǻսһų͸˻սһݵ
ˣ
ÿһͨ齢һޱȵĴ֮ڣĿ΢΢һɨ㿴ǿ֮վĻš
ÿˣҲˣ
һ£һսǰһŶѾˡ

ǿ֮елǵĿⶼڻÿ˵ϣĽʡ𾴡
ÿˣôļӣȻǵһСʱ治ǻսĵһ
һɫһɫȹ˫弸¶ɢһľɫŮһЦǰ
ÿһǸǸˣޡǸôҾõˣ
һһͷɫ̷ĸߴòӢϴ崺Ц˹ˣޣҲǹģҲûеԤʱ䡣
һһͷɫ̷ֵķ·һԵʮĻҲ˹Ҳˣô齢
һޱòӢĻ˹ڵʲô˰ɣһ齢ӦֻһսǰٵſԽŶԡ
ÿˡޡ÷硢ޡñս֮ǰľ콾ʵԶԶս֮ϡ
Ϊа˹γһСȦӣֻİ
Сʱ֮滺̤֮ڡ
˭
齢ѾʱСʱΪ˵
ѵһĶӣ

һһĿ⣬˲²⡣
ڶĿע֮£һ۵Ľ£һһزĻƾƷ
Ѿ룬齢׼
֮󲻾ãһǴ֮ӡҫһ齢ɣŻķȥ
СӣʲôˣȻǴҵСʱ
һ֮У޷ߵǰһӸµĸ棬
һսеţһʥߵĺֻҪռ˵ҲҺָԷ
ÿ˵ȼҲڻ޵˹
÷εĿЦλѣʮֱǸԸûж⡣ʲôðĵط¡
ÿһŶа÷ȻǰУ˴ȴĶţԲ
浭һЦί͵ҽл÷棬Ǹһ˾һ
÷֮е֮⣬ֱŻ뿪Ǵˣ
޺ݺݵĵһ۵ɶǸһţȻǷһҪһѵ
Ҫ̫ˣ
÷ʮĸоصüӣãһ䡣
ĺˣֻˣ
΢΢һЦߵһ䣬Ĭģָһţһ֮ȻС
ӡǻ֮ţһµӳӰ
ȻһЦһųޱȵ˻÷硢ޡñ֮⣬Ļһ·׷ƿĿ⣬Ҷ࿴һۣ±ȫ²
һ֮һָһ˿˿֮Ϣ֮ȥ
ǻĲϢ֮һʿǿǲע⣬ҲԲ
СһȻʩǲҲգú档
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ת֮ȡֵ΢΢һһ̺Ż֮ӡȻ֣֮С

ǻ޺Ȼһ˫룬һĨ̺֮ɫڵϣһţԳ֣𵴵Ľ
ɣһ֣ǿǼ
ÿɫ䣬һӣһҫ㽫Ǽֱӷֿ
ÿĬģָһ㣬һ˿˿߲ʹâҫγһӡһû˻޵֮ڡ
һޱȵӡâҫʩչĻ⣬ͼĻӻ޵֮


1203 þŮ
ȤһԻǾѾ۳˻֮壬ٳԼĵ·˲𡣿ϧҵĶ֡
浭һЦһеӡ΢΢תŹĹâȴûһ˿
ǻ޵ϣһޱȵӡҫֱӷɳǷ֮Żÿϯȥ
ã
ÿɫ䣬ָ㣬һööӡγһ֮ǹޱȵĻ֮ӡնȥ
һ֮ǻÿ˵·ľնϸֻطƾһܾ֮˻콾˻սһͷ
һޱȵĻ֮һնһףûһ˿ӡ֮ϣһ˿˿ӲĽǸӡֱն顣
¶һ˿֮ɫһ䣺ףȻܹն۵ӡ˲𣡣
Ȼû۳֮壬һʥ۷ľǿߣ֮ҲաȻ۳һö֮ӡɾһЩʿҲȥ
һ˿˿ޱȵĲȻǻ޵ϸ֣һöһöӡֱӸ֣Żÿֱϯȥ
ˣ
ÿ˼һĻɫ䣬һӶǻ֮һööӡնȥ
һնöӡ֮󣬻ÿ˾ͱһöӡ֣һ˫룬ȣڵϣһҵĽ
÷һǽ֮дɫ΢΢һ䣺ãҲˣ˵ʲôȻ˶Ļܣûһ˿
ñʲôǹȥúýѵһ٣һһȻĶ֡ôˡһߣ򣬱ضǵС
ã
ǼһĨ˹
÷ǰ÷棬֮ǰðĵط¡⿪Ϸ
÷סڣ޾Ȼð÷ˣӦܵĳͷǲΪ飡
һһƬ֮һʿĿֲѹֱڴ˵ء
һɫ糤һɫƤףԸл𱬣޾ףǣ¶ɢžľɫһ³ս֮ڣŮһǿŻ÷ǳ
þŮ
ǻþŮһսĵһǻһʮɫš
̶֮ǧ꣬Ѿߣ˲𣡣һɫţ

ս֮ڣЩǿǻþŮжһĨĽʡη֮ɫ
ǻһ֮УӵһٶʿǿߡЩʿǿ߶ǻһʷ֮һĵ̡
󲿷ֻʿǿ߶ڰǧҽ׶ɡþŮܹǧҾͽ׳Ϊʿǿߣһš
þŮ
÷ڶŻŷ׷ǻþŮһ
þŮǰΧļɨһۣüһȵǼ÷˵ǸѵҪҰһħܷ𣿡
ñɫĶײþŮǻ÷ʩչԻޡˡΪʲôǸ
ǲΪԼǻսžͿһУײħñȻ㲻ҵĻǾ»ħʵʵĴɣ
þŮ֮һĨΣյЦݣһָѩ׵ָ֮صӡҫɢ˵Żñһָȥ
ñɫ䣬һ¸ֳصӡֻһ̣ӡֱ˻جج״̬ƾþŮһָüģʧȥڵϡ
þŮħ㣡
ǣŮˣ
һ˿˿ĻòҫɫĻǿȻ֣ŻþŮһͬһ㽫ñץסʧ֮С
ǿһɱ˻ñ
ǻþŮһǧȥѾøǿˡ֮УϣʥߵŮ

һηĿһ¼ڻþŮϡ
÷ʮֹһ񹧹÷ˣ֮ǰһУǵĴʩչʲôðĵط¡
÷˶ǵĴԭ£

ǼҲǻþŮľʮֹϵͷǸ
ħǻͷ˵ĵطһĵطҲзϡñһǻħ֮ڣֻǰ;٣гͷ֮ա
䵭ͬķѾ⿪ˣ߰ɣ
лˣ
÷缸һɴ⣬ǱޱȵĴȥ
ɢžĻþŮһĨǰһɳһǸˣǸеСһݹˡð֮¡
֪ҵݣ
þŮȻһЦǣȻǾܡΪ˱ᣬôʥǰ䵱
һ̤򣬱˸ڣһֱѹҽı⼸ϴһա
ôʥɲԼ淢ͻֱӰǱŻþŮǰ䵱
浭ôʥȫ֮⣬ɻ֪ҵݣ
þŮ΢Цģ˴ʥ֮⣬Ҳû֪ݡ
΢΢ףͺã
þŮЦ˺ѾͷֻܲЩݣҪҪǹúýѵһ٣
΢΢һ䣬˫һɢһ˿˿ҰԵĹâŻþŮЦúýѵһ㣬ô
þŮһĨ̺죬΢΢ʹͷ·һɬޱȵŮǴȻӡ
˫۱պϣһ¿ɳ֮ϣ˲ݼҲһܰŮˡܿϧû¡
þŮһΪѩŴ𣿡
Χһ··һֲޱȵѹ֣ѹûþŮһ·һ֮ͬһɽѹסһ㣬á
ţ
һᣬһƬռ֮дɿþŮŸоԼ·ٴλ˹
þŮһӿһ˿˿κˣÿ£ʥʥܹ֮ۡ۹ۿǿߡȻ鴫ǿ졣ҵѹôʥҪ޴󣡣
һ齢ٶȿޱȣٴεĿռԾ֮󣬳һž޴ޱȣɢعԵǳΧһǳǸ֮ϡ
ǻ򣡣ξмơȴξȼҪߡξϾֻεĻ֮أλãֻܹһʥʿ˵Զˡ
ǽ֮߳㿴ΧſǿޱȵĽ磬ǽ֮⣬˸ϡŹֵĴڣͬξһ㡣


1204 𺧵Ļ
÷棬һһʥػ֮Уᰴո˵ʵֳͬ׵ˡ˭ܹʥػ֮мԽãǱԽ֪ʵǿҵǱԲκѷɫҪսɸұԿ˭ܹڻ֮мֵøá
޴һ˹ĵ棬΢죬֮У·Ҫһ㣬ĵ档
Ѿһ·һ뵽֮ǰ˵һĻͺ޲ݺݵҧһڡ
ִֻƻһħĴͳþŮ;վߣȻηŭҲַֻܹͨʽйԼŭ
þŮЦЦĿ˻һۣĬĿ档
浭ΪʲôҪս
޽ȵӮңҾ͵ŮͣΪһꡣңҪûþŮ˽ñӻħ֮зųҵҵˣΪҷ꣡
þŮһ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǲʻʥ۰ĺ󱲣Ǵϻ۹ˡ
ñħ֮У֮ҲֻôʥӵǸ֮ųһ۾Ͳ³һ㣬ûþŮΪȲʡ
÷ɫ伱æǰޣҪģǿ̫ðˡ
޵÷磬ÿҵľ֪ΪҺãұ졣ֻܹȻñˡ
÷ɫճĬ
Ŀϣս⣺ô÷档㻹ǸˣʹӦҵս
ãҴӦ㡣
浭һЦһ̤˽磬˻֮ڡ
һǻ֮ڣһޱȵĻֱ֮Ӵ˷ϯϯȥ
·һ»˹һëȻĹ첨
һͷ̫ʱ鼶Ȼ֣ɢѹһУµĿֲѹһѹķ
һͷǻ֮һֲ֣ޱȵϢѹ£ǻʥ߲Ľֱ顣
ǽһ飬ǽ֮ڵĻ޵˶Ļ֮ϯһ±һֻֻżɡǹӵϡŹֵĶ
ǵѹһѹǻޡÿ˵ȻǿϣһѹȫĹڵ£һ𺧵Ŀ֮еһֲ
ǲżɡǹŤأģ쵽˼㡣
ΨǻþŮصӡĵֵĻ֮ʴϾǻľţΪӽʥߵĴڡȻǵѹҲȫɥʧս
޿һճĿɿڴ֮г𺧣ô̫ʱһӵеô۳˿ֲĴڣһʥǰҲû۳˿ֲ
ô۳
÷Ǳѵȵߣôܣ
÷棬ʲôˣǻʲôʱôһ
ǸһﾹȻ۳һ

ЩѾɱɡżĻǿԶ棬ͬһĿɿڴԼ۾
þŮһͷг𺳣ǿ£һʱľ콾ԲĹһ򣬾۳ޡδĵߺ򲹡
һͷȻɻ۶ɵĻ֮ȴ˸оͷ̫ʱ鼶
һ֮ڱͷ鼶ɱʥҲΪ֪ңֱ䡣
ӭӣ۵ߡ֪ܹҵĻһΪһ֮³֮ұк񱨣
濴һɢһ˿˿鼶һǿֲޱȵƬ֮лص
һͷ鼶âһ΢΢һΣԶצһץӡգ˺Ѳ񷣬̺ѹһеľֱӺȥ
ƻۣ
˫֮һ¸ֳصӡ˫֮һ¹âҫصӡзɳγһ׵ľ޴ƻ֮ͷ鼶նȥ
ǡƻۡħ񱦵֮мŵһžطƾһлħ֮ƾһŷܾ»ǿߡһطҲǿļƻ÷֮һ
һͷ鼶צһ̽һץצ֮籡׾ٱ㽫ǳ׵ƻֱ֮飬ȥƲֱץ
ȷʵó򡣲Ȼóˣ
浭һЦ֮һ¸ֳһʵ֮Ļס
һĻӡҫһųžŸһڵk֮ϸ֣ͷ鼶ȥ
ǾŸ֮һųŵ׵Ĺâһͷ鼶һˢ
ͷ鼶Ǿŵ׵Ĺâһˢһ˲ķֱӱ
ִĻϷɳһ´ͷ鼶ϣͷ鼶Ļ֮
ĿɿڴͱɵˣǿǿѹʥĻþ
ʲôȻܹѹþ
÷浽Ƕʲôô죿

ЩǼһĻж֮ɫԼ۾
þŮһ֮֮ɫǿ£Ǽرڣǻ֡ǻûеֿ֮ʥһ֮İֶǹĪ⡣
һͷþǻ֮У΢΢һһͷȼŷ֮ףޱȣ׽һճɻҽֱӸ֡
Ҳһ¸ֳĻþγһֲֻޱȵĻþ
Ȼһʥ۷ǿǻþΧ֮£Ҳһ
ƲԳԷƣ
Ŀһ±ñޱȣһ¸ֳһ˿˿ռĻȻ֡
Щ溣Ļһֻ֣þֱӹȥ
һ˾ۻħ۵Ļӡҫһ±仯Ϊۻħ۵壬һ̤ͷɱһ
ĻױΪۻħ֮󣬾ֻӡҫһޱȵĹâɨȥ
ǹޱȵĹâһɨ˵ֱķѣĻֱɡ
һߣĻ׾һͻǻþ֮УĻôһ̣ЩþڣĳȡЩþĻþͬѩһֱӱĻŻþ֮
ϵս֮УĻ׾þĿǣȫԻþΪʳʿĻһ溣ĻҲһ
汳˫֣Ļ׾ŵĿ֮£ǻһȥ
ǻ򲻶ϲþ֣ЩɱʥߵĻþһ֣ͱЩĻֱ˺飬л֮


1205 ۵ߡ
ôʥ֮Уһ·ѹͬ𺳣΢΢һ̾ʥ治ʥǿÿ£η塣ܹŴĹ
սʵ̫ײУѹ̫Ԩ򣬶һ塢С׵۵ͳͳѹȡһС
ôʥȻ˻þŮݻȴǵ⣬ǰֻǵ治ã֮УĿһС
ǻǻһʥջһһۼǿԡ۵ߡΪټŵرջ۵칬ַƶɵʥ
֮УһۼǿߣвҲᱻǻþþԻѹ
Ļ׾Ȼܹ׵Щþþˣֱ졣
ȫΪĻ˾ۻħһߵĵ·ۼԼһ˿л꣬һ˼ĵزܹһ·ɨþþѹ
Ļ׾ǻ֮ˮǻĻ֮ϵĽɳ
һ֮еĻ֮ͳͳʧֹޱȵ󶼻ָƽ
΢΢һƬ֮лص۵ߡɣ㲻Ҳ⽫ֱӻٵʱȻܹ
ǻ֮ȴһڣޱȵĻ֮Ȼۣγһ峤ߴɢһӴޱȵѹ
ʥĻױ仯ľۻħйâ΢΢һһħͷһˢ
һħһˢͷϣͷʱķѣֱӱ
Ļϵħ۹âһһϼ⣬ȥξֱ֮ɡ
ڤ粻飡ȻˣǾͱˣ
кâһΧĿռҫһĻȻ֣ǻֱȥ
һĻϵӡȻ֣ǻɱĻǷ׷ɡ
һͷʥĻһŤһ±仯Ϊ汾òһ±仯Ϊһɺڶ
һ΢΢𵴣ӴޱȵĻ֮׷ױʥĻɣûkڡ
ǿֲޱȵ֮֮£ڲϵĲʼһ˻
ôʥɫ䣬΢΢һΣһ³ߣһεȰ˵ʥס֣ʥأ顣
תôʥһۣɭޱȵɱ⣬һһôʥһһʥأպҽʿʵۣȻؽһõġ쵲ҵ·ôΪУˣ
ѩűѹѾŭֻҲǳ̶ѨвͻаĿܣԼ
Ļ֮ǰǿ壬ȴñĻ׿Ƶġ彻սԿ׵Ľǻѹ
ôʥתɵޱȵĿĻһۣοЦȻʥôʥػˣҲͻˡ
Ļ׶Իʵ̫޴ǻ屻µĻ׿Ƶġôʥһ뵽͵սȨ֮󣬱ϵѡ
ʥر٣ܺùһ屻١ѾŵǶλ֮󣬱ضΪٽһʥء
ʿʵ۵յԴٽһҲʱ⡣
еɱһĿ䣬ǻȥ
ס֣ΪЧˡ
֮кȻһһͬҺһԲ֮зɳǰһչһŸűľߣһ֮ޱȵӡ֣Żİ
Ŀôʥһۣ΢΢һЦһ֡
һ˿˿ҫЩĻ׾ű׷׷һȿռ֮ʧ
űǻֻ֣֮ǱȥѾ½ϡ
һץǡ۵ߡֱץУ΢΢һΣֱӴԭʧ
ֱһǧʮʥ֮һҲһſԵʥߵǳǺ֮ϣʢһΪ¾ıǺ¾Ҳơ֮Ȫһ䡣
Ǻ֮ϣһʥԼһԸĻùʥء
һ֮ڣ輧Ǵ֮衣
Ǵ룬һòΪʥԼһŤͬһŲŤâĻùʥߡ
ùʥſһһħֱӱУһǵʥߣ˵ʥ᲻ǰǳ
ʥһЦȻѾʹŮѩűضʥҪˡԸضǰǳֻҪǳͱٳˣ
ùʥһǵʥǳô죿ʣֻҪʱ䣬ضһ޵а
ʥɭޱȵɱʱ䣿ǳôǾɱѩšȻۣһΧɱʥԲһʱɳ
ã
ʥߺȻɫ䣬һ¸ֳصӡγһصķ硣
һʥڵĹһһ֮ϡ
ʥڻһеĹ֮£һķȫ飬еһжֱӻ
â΢΢һһƬ֮зɳ
ʥĻеܾţô
ʥһɳƬ棬㿴սգһֱǳ
Ƭ֮УһǼսţͬһǺ֮ϡ
ͬĹ֮£֮ϵǿ߷׷׻ɻҡ
ôʥȻҶ嶯֣壡
ʥһŭֻɱڵk徹ȻΪɱĶ󣬶ʱõkŭס
ʥʥɱˡһˣȻҶ֣
ǻһŹâĻùʥ߼һĻҲһûκԥʩչطһ⣬Զȥ
ǻùʥȻĸӹ壬ҲԸΪ嶪Լ
ȥ
һֲֻľִݻΪһ޴ޱȵĺڶǻùʥֱѹ¡
һùʥɫյĺڶеʥǻùʥߣһԸΪʥЧ
ˣˣͳͳҪ
һ֮дǿֲ׵ɺڶһ½ǻùʥֱɡ
ʥ΢΢һΣһ·ֳʮ̺kһģһϢķ˷ȥ
ʮʥߺķѾ޴طʥǿҲûмܹķ
֮У¶һ˿ЦݣĻȻ֣һֻֻħһĻ֮Щһɨ


1206 ȫս
ʥ߷ֳʮĻһɨ׷ײ˫һµɻȥΨһֻ΢΢ͣһ˲䡣
һָһʱƾն֣ʥֱһˢ
ʥΧʱ·һ¾ֹ
һӰ΢΢һҹֱӸֳ֣һ߱ذסݺһʥߵڴȥ
ʥߵ֮һ¸ֳһӡһһȻ֡
ǡ߱ذסһһ֮ϣ׾ٵĽһֹᴩһ´ʥߵڡ
ӡҫʥӿֱӽʥ߷ӡѹ
һֲֻޱȵĴֱһץݺݵץʥߵϣӡҫֱӽʥץС
սͬˮһӿ˺֮ڣɱ¾Ǻ֮ϵ塣
ľĸĸǡ
һֲֻޱȵǼʽľǵΧռ䣬Ĺͬˮһľ֮кȥ
ǿֲޱȵĹ֮УսʿֱӺɷɻҡ
ʥȻ壡Ҫɱ㣡Ҫ壡
һţһ׼ףͬһǿֳһսŭսɱһ
һʥ߼ԦÿӶһս׹ҫɨգ׹֮һܼսֱӻɻҡ
ôĹȻҼϣȥ
һɿֲޱȵħ֮зڣһֻħ۵ľ޴ħִֻ֮ϵһֻֻħһһޱȵħһʥֱӾȥ
ʥɫ䣬һӣһ޾׹Բ̷ɳģһըѿ
ʮͷ׵ӡγɵȻɳֻħ۵ľ޴ħֱӺȥ
ޱȵħ⾹Ӳı׹顣
һ׹ҫһʥ߳ƴԶȥkȻʥ֮еٮٮߣһʥǰҲֻ·һ
һ׹һװһƬ֮Уռ֮һӿֳһƬƬֱӽʥߵɿ
һ˿˿ռ䲨ҫĿռȻ֣ſһſֲޱȵķӡ硣
ʥߣ㻹Щ¡һˣδܹ㡣һοҼϷսɲֹһˣ
ħʥһЦ֮߳ڵkı󣬷ϵеսĶʥߡ
ħҫ֮󣬰ħʥʥߵ׼Ƭ֮˳
ǿĻеܡµǵӴõİ֣
ħʥ߸ŵϵеսˣһĨ֮ɫ
ûЩϵеս֧֣ħʥʥҲʮּ򵥣ҪɱԷȴܡ
ʥ߱ϾһػͶֻ֮˼رȻаħʥҲ⡣
ǿռ׷Ƭռ֮ʥ߾ֻбħʥɱˡ
ľľǡ˿ǣһſʥǡĸǳͬһʱ䣬⵽ǼʽӵĹ
һһ֮ϵ塢ĸֱӱĻеͳͳɱһ
Щ֮ϵʥеıĻеɱеȷֱߣܲ
ʥ治ս巢һ֮ڣʮݻʮʥǣնɱʥʮˡ
һϢһʥ̳һʥ̳
ˣʥȻ嶯ˡ
ǿ壡ʥȻҶ֣
壬ۼǿߵ塣澹ȻҶԵkǳ֣
ʥǿ£

ʥ̳֮Уʥ۷׷ףʥ̳Ϊ֮𶯡
壬ǿԵ˼㡣ֻеkǹûսkǡ
Ѿмû壬һĸʮҴݻʮʥǣնɱʮʥߣǾǲݵ
ȫսʥΪһŮˣȻ屬ȫս̫޴ˡ
ֻҪʥǸʹŮʣԵkʵΪھʿʵ֮ҪͷҲһ仰顣ΪһŮˣ͸巭̫ˡ
ڼʥȻΪһŮˣ壬ǲǡ

ʥ̳֮УҲʥ߷ԣ֮г˶ĵ⡣
屻湥֮Ҳ塣֮ܵһ죬֮ڣһ·ɳֻӴޱȵĽӣûããǿ֮С
Щĸһʮ屻ֱ壬һ˶ûʣ£ĵɥ׷Լʥߴ֮£ȥ
һž޴ޱȵǳʿ֮еʮλ֮еλ涼Ҫ޴ö࣬һĸǡ
֮Уֻ˽롣ɱ䣬Ķʮ壬岻ЩܣЩֻͻӣӵһߣǿ
峼֮Щӹû㲻Щ֮УͶҲòǴս֮ĸӹ嶼ľսͶ׼
ҽȥ
һâ΢΢һһʥߴһ·ɵĽ磬
ʥߣǱ߽ܼ⣡
һ֮ڴһʥߵһ¼ʥߵϡ
ߣ
ʥһһ⣬һ֮ϡ
һâҫһֻŰëͷһֻ飬ͬʨһĳʵëֱӳ֡
ʵë޵Ķܹǿߵ겨ȻһۼǿʹûҲӵkĶ⡣
һɫĹâʵë޵ʥߵϡ
ʵë޿ڵȷʵʥߣ˵αװ
Щʥߵʥһʧ
ƣһξȻܹӹһ٣ˡ
һâ΢΢һһòʥֱӳʥǰ
ʥһµһΣʥûг֡Ҷ˼ıŽѡңһʧ˼ʥߣ
ʥһأһ̾һοʧءһʥߣˣֻȱĴʥѡ֪աĸ屻ʮʥߴʮˣֻʥߴʥĻеܾѡ
ʥһĨᶨ֮ɫĴѾټ̫龦塢壬һܹʥѹ


1207 
ʥһĨâ̫龦塢壿
ʥҧʥҲ֪ôģΪʲôҪȥʥӣҲˡαΪ˵kһӵе֮˵ʥһսʤˣҲҪʹޱȵĴۡ
ȻֻʥߣǸʥȴߴʮˡ˵Ҳһش
Ǵĸӹ壬ܹư򣬽Լŵ󲿷ֵĽ䣬ռԴ˴ʥߡʥ
ûЩӹ壬½߳ɡ
һ˶ʥߣҲһش
ʥ߿Ц˶˽ġӣϾʥΨһһʥߵãҲΨһһӵнʥǱáʥɱˣȻʥˡ
ʵԽǿԽѵѪǿĺڽʥ֮ǰӵáһʥߣҪãͱ붯ޱȵĵرԼһЩط
ʥһۼϹҪҲʮּѡҪһԽΪʥʿþ͸Ӽѡ
ӽޱȣΪʥڱ֧֡ȻУȻʥΪ֮
ʥ΢΢һ̾ˣˣҪʥһ
ʥ΢΢ͷã
һ΢΢һʥ߱ȥ
λ룬ųȴһƬ಻ϵĹȺһȦȦһ֮ð֮ӳĵoĹȡ
һâ΢΢һٵһƣΰ׵Ĵ֮ǰ
ǴϷǶһֻƻħͷ­һֻƻħһּѾֵ֣˫ܹһлȻһۼǿҲȻ޷ӹƻħĿ⡣
һâһֳʥߣkֱվǴ֮ǰҪʥ
һֻƻħ˫֮йâ΢΢һƻħһʥߵϡ
ãƻħһǴ֮Ľâҫһ´򿪡
ʥǰһֱӽ֮ڡ
ڲһ֮ڣһ׵ӣŸŵ衣
ʥһǴһ񣺡ʥ
ʥʥߣˣ
ʥߵʥǰҪĻҪ˵Щ˵¡
ʥüͷ΢΢һ壬䵭ʲôȿⳡ˵
ʥߵ¹ش󣬻ʥЩ¡
°ɣ
ʥɫ΢΢һӻ֣Щ輧һһ¡
ʥʲô£
ʥߵ֮мϸһϸĵλߣһʥߣkѾʥ򡣡
ʥɫһ䣬΢΢һ𣺡ôܣʥ򲻵꣬ô֮һʥߣ
ʥ߾ң
ʥߺȻ΢΢һЦȻ𣬻һ⣬ֳ֡߱ذסʥֱӴȥ
ʥɫһ䣬ȻŭֳصӡʥߣôĹȻдңʥ׸ʲôô
һ˲䣬ǴʥĻȻʥϸ֣Ļؿڣһžۻħ۵һ¸֡
ŵŤ̺Ż֮Ĺâʥֱһˢ
ʥһ¸ֳַâһħֱӷɳһֻ飬ͼǾŵâֿ
һֻŹħǹâһˢ֮йâŤֱŤͷʥһһޱȵĻ֮һ´ʥϡ
ʥǹޱȵĹâһˢ˾˻þ֮һ˲
һ˲䣬ʥеġ߱ذסֱӴʥĸ
ӡǡ߱ذס֮ӿʥȫӡ
ʥһŭɫʥߣΪʲôʥߣΪʲôҪͶʥ壿
ȻҪΪһ壡
ʥ΢΢һЦĻ׵һ´ʥڡ
ʥһ˻جج״̬
ʥѩűʲôط
ʥججѩűħھŲ㡣ʥ̫龦ʥߴʥػ
滯ʥɭһЦʥ̫龦ʥߴʥʥ۷壬߰ۼǿߡǿҡ
ʥ̫龦ʥߴʥһĴʥҲ֮еĵһǿߡʥ۷壬ǰۼǿߡ
ʥһۼǿߡ̫龦ʥߴʥޱȣѾмûг֣û֪kǵǿʲôز
ȡkļ䣡
ɨʥһָۣһţǡס֮һ¸ֳһӣʥڣӡҫʥļ䡣
ǡסܿ콫󲿷ʥļˣҪ鱨ͳͳѡ˳
˫΢΢һ꣬һŤãһ±ΪʥһģһĴڡ
֣ۼǿҲԷֱ١
һЦȥɭϣҪαװʥҲαװ̫áϧҲҪαװ̫á
֮һƬպȻһŤһֻӴޱȣڱβǼʽһԾ
һޱȵĹâҫһЩŶӽĽֱӺȥ
ЩŶӽĽӱڻһ䣬㻯̻ǿ֮š
ʥʥĻеɱˣ
ǽȥǽȥ
ʥĻеˣǽȥ

Щ֮ĸǿ߷׷׺ţͼ֮ڡ
һս֮ڷȥ
֮ڣӡҫһ޴ޱȵսꪴ֣һսȥ
ЩǿսЩսֱӺ飬촷ۡ
սʱڣȻЩûȫ֮ڡһk֮гһЩͽ嶼ֱᡣ
Ҳһս壬Ȼĺޱȡ
һĻЩһĸӹ׷׶־ʧԦһսȥ
ӴޱȵĽ֮УâҫڻЩĸӹȥһܼĸӹսֱӱһľڻ˺Ƭ
һâ΢΢һǸս֮Уɳǿߣ׷ʩչط˷ȥ
һ֮ЩսĲŴ򿪣һ֮ҫսˡϵеս˷׷׷ɳγһɿֲޱȵĸǸǿֱӷȥ


1208 
γɵĻеͬһ⵶һͻЩӹ֮зɱ¾
Ƭ֮Уһһǿ߱ն飬ƬȫȾ졣
һռҫƬȫǿռֱӷӡ
Ǹǿһײ֮У׷ױɻȻն顣
ס֣
Ҫɱˣ
ͶͶˣ

Ƭ֮Уĸӹǿҽš
ҪͶȻҲǲУ徹ȻҶŮ֡ЩҪͶͱնɱˣҽkǵ׼ùǲпܻһ·Щͳͳȥ
һâ΢΢һħʥһ³ǽ֮еһ콢֮ϣһЦ֮ħſ帽ӹǿǵѪ⡣
Ҹƴˣ
һʿǿһһ±仯Ϊһ峤ߴǧףɢſֲޡ
ͷ޸ոһ·ȥâһ㽫ͷֱն顣
Щ帽ӹ嶼ûʥ߱ӻµ壬ǿҲǰʥǿߣ޷еŵɱ
Ƭ֮лصʬɽѪɺӣȾƬ
úݣ
ʥúݣҪǸϾɱѽ
ʮڵ顣ʥȻkͶŭˡ
ȻΪУֻҪͶʥһ㲻ΪѡʥȻͶĻᶼkǣǱۡҪնɱ

֮ڣѾ֮ڵ帽ӹ忴Χһже
Ҽ˵ˣ岻⡣ֻҪܹȡͬΪ׼һ·ֻҪնɱһʥߣʥߵ׼ͿԻһ·򣬹֮ʱ֮աĸǵ壬Ҳѣ
ħʥĿ֮һɨһЦ̺޾ɱһ´ݵ֮ڡ
֮ڵĸӹŴԣһ΢ӿһ˿˿
ǿǿЩӹǵĿҲ΢΢һ䣬һ˿
ƴܹԶЩӹȻȥĲд˺ɷ顣һ¶һ˿ôЩӹͻὫ˺Ƭ滹ҪײС

һ֮һâҫ֮һʥʿǿֱ֮ڷȥ
΢΢һЦֳһȨȣǰȨȹâҫһ֮ϣߵһʥֱһʧ
һâ΢΢һһ֮ڡ
Ǵ֮վŰʮʥߣǴһС̨֮ϣڷʮŻƽŸλ֮϶һʥǿߡ
ǾŸλ֮ϵĴʥǿĴʥǿӹҹҹʥ߲߲ʥʥ
ʥֱʥʥ溣ʥʥִʥ۴ʥ
һǴ֮ڣֱߵһŻƽ֮£·ʥߡ
ʥһĨɱҶˡʥѾ˵أǿĴŲ֮ǰո뿪ҲҪʱܹصֻҪ죬ȴĴŻع飬ͿӦϣһټֻӡݻǾܹһ·ɨһͳͳݻ١û˸ôǿҲ㡣
ʥûֻҪǲɳʱԴ۴˵Ƕλ֮󣬶Ȼܹɱ
֮ԸΪУҽﵽΪ۵֧֣һ۽Ϊһʿʵۼǿߣ֮ء
ʱһʥڵĹֱӺ
֮йâ΢΢һӡ֣һ޴ķȻ֣֮⡣
һʥڵĹķ֮ϣȴ˿޷˺ǽֺ
âҫĹ֮ڣͨ˺ȥ
ͬĩһ㣬ڻֱ֮ӻɻҡ
һһ˾סĳз׷ſ磬ĵֵǼսڻ
һööԶ˵ͷĹֱӺ֮ڣһſֲޱȵĢ֮ڶ𣬳ǧ˱ֱĨȥ
һΪڻֵĵѣضɽҡ
Ѿ˺ģ㽫Ӵޱȵǳȫݻ٣ҲҪֱ塣
ֻ壬ܹס֮·֮е塣
ʥŤǺݶȻǵͨ˳֣ſ磡
һâҫӡ֣֮һſһ㸲ǳĽ硣
潢ޱȵĻǽ֮ϣһʥڵĹǳ֮ϣҲ޷˺ǳֺ
ĵ̣һȫһʿʵۼǿҪƣҲҪȫ֣һʱ䡣ĵ̡
һ֮ҫһ±鲼գǳֱȥ
Щһǳ֮ϣǳͬʱϵķѣֳס
һЩ溣㹻ֱ֮ӽΪʿס
ǳ֮ϣЩԼμϵֳš
̻˷ϡЩ׵ڣõkǵֳٶȱø졣
Сʱ֮ǳ֮⣬ֱһף˿ëȻ֮
֮ڣħ涼ͬʧ֮ڣ̳âħɻҡ
Ǵ֮ڣһʥߺȻɫ΢΢һ䣬ʥʥʵǾ޴ȥֻܹάס졣ǸʱԴᱻһգսϡ
ʥɫΧҪ磬ضҪʥѪս˭Ըͳ˧ǰȥʥһս
ʥʥʵǿޱȣκһ˶޷֮⡣ֻһ磬ȫ֣пܻʥֻӡ
ʥɱȻˣ磬ǳֻ֣ӻܡ룬ҲҪסǣֻҪס죬Ǿͻ֮ء
༸ʥ΢΢ͷ̫ʢkҲûаջֻӴޱȵĽӡֻҪϼʱ䣬ȴ򵥵öࡣ


1209 Ŀ
֮УصӡҫĽһ±
Ҳ׷״Ľ֮зɳص֮С
һͷǧ˾޴ͣޱȵֱӴ֮зɳһͷΪޣһֲֿޱȵޣ̳Դʥĳ
ͷ޵֮ϣһʿһĸһ֮ϣվһҫϵǿߡ
һޱȵĹҫһʥڵĹâͷֱӺȥ
ʥֱӸ֣һ㣬һޱȵİԲֱӸ֣ӡҫγһԲεķŤ硣
һʥڵĹǰԲεŤ֮ϣֱӱŤ䵽һߡ
ħʥֻһʥҲҰ𣿡
â΢΢һʥҹʥʥ߲ʥ۴ʥִʥʥһ¸֣Զȥ
һâҫʮʥҲǶ޵ɢſֲޱȵʥ
ʥʮʥߣһɿֲޱȵѹʿʳ֮еκһ
ƾһˣȻλʥĶ֡ǼϵkǣǾ;Բʥ˵Ķ֣
ħʥһЦһ֡
֮ҫս˱Ƭ֮и֣ڱβ񷣬ڿֱָЩʥһͷƤΪ֮顣
ʥս֮и֣Ҳüͷ΢΢һ塣
ЩսÿһЩʥǰͬһ㣬һ󣬾Ϳֱ󱬡սڼƣõk󣬶Ҫ²ܹЩսһսͣвʥǿ߶Ҫնˡ
ҹʥʥ߲ʥĸӹҼ˵ˣǳܹóĴʥ׼ҼҲὫͳͳնɱһ
ҼǵǶʿʵ֮λһѪ׷رѪǣ壬ͳͳɱһħʥһЦɱӿ
ҹʥʥŴԣüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨâ
Ȼĸӹ壬ȴа֣͵ؿ֦ɢҶһʲôǿߣҲֻᲿֱ
ȴҪҹɢ֮еĸͳͳһҹʥʥж
˸ҿڳԣʥԲмһˡʵͶԼμȻʥ˼ǧ˼
ҹʥһߣƾʥҪɱ壬ûǸ£ʥְɣ
ʥɭһЦϸֳصӡһ»һޱȵɫڱβ񷣬̺ſռ䲨ǰħʥֱӺȥ
ʥҲ׷׳֣Űħʥֱӹȥ
ħʥһЦ΢΢һΣֱӺˡ
ǹâһս˱γһɸʥֱӳȥ
¡¡¡
֮Уը֮ڶսʥʮʥߵĹ֮£ֱӺ顣
ֻ֮У͹âҫԴԴϵս˲ӿЩʥȥ
ͷͬһ޴ޱȵҪǿߴǶ֮зɳɱ֮սɱһÿʱÿ̶ǿ䡣
֮ڡ
ʥǿ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ʥĻеܾŹȻ£ȵĿ֮ҪʤһϾʥߵ̫١֧첻ѣ
溣ʥ΢΢һЦû֮УЩûʹáʥʵôǿᡣһǼ̡Կ֧ȥ
滯ʥ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǰһֱһȭʱɺڶǳռŻ֣ʥһȥ
ʥ޷֮ϴʮطһһ飬һȭ֮ϣֱըѿֱӱѣͬһ㣬ɶ
ǲԼʥŮ仯ɵʥȻֳذһ̳һ´ʥ棬Ĺâ֣Ǳֱشʥֱѹ
ʥʲô㲻ʥʥôǱһģôǱ뵽
溣ʥɫ䣬һ¾е
ɭޱȣӳƻ÷ǻ֮еĶǿһҲᱻ֡澹ȻܹϢǱֱǲܵ顣
Ļһ¸֣ؿһγɾۻħ۵ףֻ׵ħһɨ溣ʥֱɨȥ
溣ʥһ¸ֳһö׹ɢɫĹ⻪һȻ֣ͼֵǻ֮ʴ
һޱȵĳֲһƳرԵֵʥǿͷŵĻ
Ǿŵżۻħ۵·ħһɨǻ֮ϣǻһ±ÿή
溣ʥҲһ˿Ϣʱ䡣
ʱһöʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱǡʱ֮顿ӿ溣ʥһˢ
溣ʥΧʱһ±ޱȡ
Ĵʥȥ
һâҫʥֱӳ֣һЦֱӼۼر߹סһͷȻɳγһ֮溣ʥһն
ǿֲޱȵ֮һնɱһն溣ʥĻ磬溣ʥֱնء
һɫĹâҫҫʥȻֳ֣֡ҫЫìһʥֱӴȥ
һޱȵɫâһһʥֱӱᴩ
ʥǣʥ
ô
ʥô

Ǵ֮еʥǼһĻɫ䣬һЩӣһЩʮֹϣʩչֱӺ
ͳͳȥɣ
âһϵġסâҫһ½ڶֱ̬ӻһƶɺڶʱ֮д󣬽һһʥֱɡ
ռȻ֣ſռ磬ա
ÿһʱ䣬֮ҫֱӸֱ֣ӷȥ
Щ׷治Ͻĳףֲףkһ֮УһС
ʹŵرƶɵϵıֱɡ
ԼʥʥҫʥԼʥ߲ϴڵС֮и֣ĹŴ֮еʥߣʥһһɱ
ЩҪʥҲײǿռ֮ϣ׷һһɡ

һ𣬴
ʥһǸĿȥϮеˣô£


1210 ɱ
ô
ʥkأһۼǿҲܹƣ
ܣ

ǿǿһը̮ж֮ɫ
һϳһľӪӵĽ硣һۼǿֻҪдʥػۼǿ޹
Ȼֱֱ̮˷˼š
ǳսĶʿһ½͵˼ޡ
ħʥЦʲôֵģ֮дʥǵˣ
ʥŴԣһĹâ
ִʥһŤͷҹʥʥһۣӹһĨɵ
ҲֻһʥǿΪӦпϢǱ򣬽ƻ״ڲơ
ʥħʥ㲻Ҫ䣡ҹʥkǶõѣҲܵĺֵܡǸ֪жôǿֻҪʥع飬ɱɱһ򵥣
ħʥһЦʥһۼǿߣҼ׼Ƿһ顣״ʥȻΪǵסʥ
һڳļʥɫ䡣
״ʥͬһۼǿߣǵk֣ȷʵܹסʥһʥסΣˡ
ʥһҹʥʥ߲ʥ밲ħʥһסkͻȥʥʥΪ˺ݶޱȣҪնɱһλͬЭһֿͬʥʥ֮ӵеһУǿƽ֡
ǿƣҪָֻԼĸӹһиˡΣͷʥҲֻܹϵĽδָӹ
ʥĺˣҹҳϵѣ
ҹʥâһŭХӡҫһ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ףͷϳһֻɫǣһβ·ڰΪһ̫ҹ
ҹʥ仯Ϊ̫ҹ֮췢һŭХ
֮ڣҹǿһʩչطһ֮һ¹עҹʥϡԭֻдʥΪҹʥһԾɢŴʥ۷ĿֲϢ
ʥ޵ãҹʥĺѡ彫Բҹһ壡
ҹʥ仯Ϊͷ̫ҹ֮ſһ磬һöɢŹ첨ƵĺɫֱӷɳͬһһԵʥֱȥ
ʥɫ䣬һ¸ֳһط֣һֱӷȥ
һöɫĶ̺ɷһ¹ᴩʥĻ֣˵kڣӡҫʮһ±ûʥڡ
ʥͬһáҹһʥԩ޳𣬿ɲ뱻ʥֱ塣˼ȥҲֻнͷ­һãܹҹ֮ΣҪ֣͹̫ˡ
ҹʥһЦһ¸ֳһž޴ħkʥһһ¾һƬħռ֮ǿ߷ָ
ħʥЦɵúãҹʥֻҪܹɱʥk׼¡ϵĺѡҼϣԲᶯҹֺ
ڱβս˷񹥻ǿǹȥƵõkǲò֣Щս˴ݻ١
¡¡¡
֮УֲıըϵĴ
ս˴֮ӿɱ֮ڵһ顣
֮иӹԼǿǽĽƴֿȻͬһ㱻նɱ
Щս֮Ů٣еǻͳͳɱһƬ˼
ֱ̻ӳ֣ЩնɱԼЩǿߵĺֱռһ¯֮С
һ¯֮УһӿеĹŻһĳ嶯Ϊڻңطӿȥɱ¾һлŵ顣

ô
ҵˣ
ʥҪҵ˳֣㣬Ҫҵ˳֣

֮Уʮʥɫ䣬һĨ
ħʥһЦ΢΢һΣǻеҪ壡ֻҪһʥߵ׼Ϳ֮򣬽Ƕλ֮ЩϾӵıԵҲὫնɱһ
ħʥǿҲʮʥߵĶ֡һkĻе֮УʮʥҪɱkҲֻǳ˵Ρ
ʥߣ׼һã
һǵʥâһֳһ䵶Ȼһնһնһʥϣ⧲ʥһնء
ǵʥָһţһ֮зɳʥߵڣʥֱץסȥ
һ˶֣Щ帽ӹʥҲ׷׳֣ǿޱȵĹɱʥǺȥ
âҫһһʥֱ߱Ӻ䱬
սǰ̵ǲдļʥȥ
ЩͽҪɱǣ
ִʥ˫֮âһŭһֻ̺ŹϡʥϢħһ¸֣һħħ֮ҫЩս֮ϡ
һܼս˱ħ֮Уֱӱ顣
Ǹոɱһͨս˶ϡ
ǼʥȻʵ죬Ȼս˲ס޷Щҵʥ߶֡
׵߲ʥȻתйâһһɢ߲ʹâ񵶳У֮ʥ仯ɵһ޴ľնȥ
߲ʥʲô
Ǿ޴ޱȵľһһһ߲֮ϣֱ߲ɣͬʱʥŭޱȵ
߲һʥԩ޳Ҫ׼ƽϢʥŭʥҪ֣͹̫ˡ
߲ʥһЦһ»߲ħʥľ޴ľֱȥ
ԭΧ߲ʥսǷʥȥ
ִʥ۴ʥĿһʥϳ˾衣
ʥЦ۴ʥܵѡҵŮѾ޸Ϊޣѵ壬ǾԲᱳ塣
ִʥȵãһȥʥȫʥ֪㻹ʵ춯һĵ̣
ʥЦһ£ָһţӡҫһֻһɢһ˿˿ĻƽţȻ֡


1211 
һͷƽţһ鼶ĻƽţƶɵرҲĵ̡
ֻرļ̫ǻƽţÿʹһΣͻȡ鼶ƽţǵǸѾѺۡ
ǻƽţһֱ֣ײ߲ʥڵλײȥ
ֲĻƽҫǻƽţ֮еһжͳͳ顣
һʥ鼶ǼսâҫһɱʥʿڹֱӺǻƽţ֮ϡ
ͷƽţӡҫһƽâػڵkϡ
һڹͷƽţϣһͷƽţֱӺɣס˵kĳͷȴ޷˺kֺ
Ǽ޾սһӿʥȥƵõkǲòʩչַԱ
֮ڡ
׸֣һС
Ǹߵʥߡʥ׷׳֣ʩչǿޱȵķ֮еһڵֱƻ
ֲޱȵıը֮вϵĸ֣һޱȵĹֱĨȥ
Ҳһڵ㱻ݻٶϵı
ʲô˾Ȼ֮Ұ
֮УĳصؾֱӴ򿪣һߴһףŰëֳһ޴ɢŴʥϢĿֲħԳֱӷɳŭХ
ȥ
ʥһЦԦš߹סγһ֮ͷֲޱȵħԳɱһ
һͷëѿħԳҲҵ·Ǿ͸ȥɣ
һĨɱĻȻ֣ؿ۳ֻޱȵħֻۣħħһɨͷֲħԳֱӾС
ͷħԳħһһͣһ˲
һ֮ͷħԳնȥ
ħԳϵëһ¸ֳصӡγһë׵һ֮΢΢һŤһȥ
֮ն£һħԳնһĵˡ
һɫĹâҫҫʥֳ֡ҫЫìûĴӺ󷽸֣һìͷħԳڡ
޾ҫâҫͷħԳֱӹᴩ
һɺڶȻ֣ͷħԳֱ£ԴԴϵĳȡͷħԳԴ
ͷëѿħԳҲһǿޱȵĴʥǼֳֵۼرĴʥΧֱ޷֮׾ͱɱ
¡¡¡
һ춯صľ֮Уֱӿѣӡ֣һӡӡֱӱ
һɫħǴ֮ӿķһ˿˿ۼĿֲѹǵ´ʥ
·һֲޱȵĶǾߣͷǾߴǳӡ˫ۣɢһޱȵϢ
һʥԶһŤغʥ㾹ȻһôǾͬھɣ
壬Ȼӵ̡
ʥʥ͵Ϯ̵Ļᶼûоͱֱɱ֮Уͬɱﵡ
ۼޣ֮ߵĳ壬ȷʵǿϧkڱӡ״̬Ѿûлӷӡ֮ѡ
һЦһ֣ӡȻ֣һӡ֮·һɨͷϣķӡͷ֮ߡ
֮֮еһֲֿ֮ӵаۼĿֲ̫һֻܼ㣬֮֮߳Ҳֻܹӵаۼ
ǻ֮ҲʮϡٵĿֲڣһ궼δܹһܹһ֮߷ӡֱ졣
ͬˮһӿȥͷۼĿֲ֮һˣͷۼĻ֮ߵһС
ͷۼĻ֮ʹһ˫ۣһɿޱȵϢֱӱ΢΢Ť壬ɽѣضɽҡ
һֲޱȵķͷ֮֮и֣һЩһ˵ǽ֮ϣ㱻ǻֱ顢ȫ
ÿһͷױ𣬶һâûڣЩ׽øӵĿֲ
һͷ֮ߵ֮ϣ໯ɻңȴøӵĿֲ
һǧֱӽ׳ΪʿĿֲڡ
ͷۼĻ֮߷ţȴһӡ֮ӡסԼдЩɣԽԽ
ô
ʥɫһ
һɺڶȻ֣ʥֱɡ
ͷ֮ǷԴȴײϵɣԽԽ
ʥش˵֮µĴʥһ·ѹ׷׺顣
֮еƴֵֿ̲ϳ֣ѹ
ļʥɱ֮ӵеļֿԶԿۼǿߵĵ̶޷ʩչҲֻл֮ߵ΢ֵӣһ
ַǳ֮ڣһ֮Уҫ׵ʥһ˫ۣŷɱŭ⣬ʥСȻҶ֣
ʥһŭնΪ̮֮ŤԵkΪģһһֲ׵ķ籩֮е󶼱ֱŤ
̾ǳ֮һĿ࣬ͷһƵ̫龦ʥһ˫ۣг֮ɫʥȻ
ʲôˣ
һ˫ۣ޳òɢһʵߴʥһ˫ۣǳԣ𺧣ʧе
ĺ֮أۼǿҲԹơڱ湥ƣֱ˷˼
̫龦ʥһĨâĿʥһۣúݵֶΣȻǳǽһ׳нĺݶֶΡ
ߴʥһĨâһ£ҪԪˡ
һٵضʥ䡣һս֮ʤΣܵش
ʥ˫֮кâҫӡ֡
һɲ֮䣬֮ڣâҫγʥͶӰ
ʥͶӰһ֣㿴Ѿƣǿ߱µʥɱͬ
ʥһĨŭɫĿһ棬еס֣ʥʥס֣ѵҪѩŵ𣿡
ʥ㾹ȻҶҼҵѩų֡ģǲɱʥֵдҼѩʲôʧȻӵıԵӵһ棬Ҷȥͳͳɱһ
ӿɭޱȵɱ⣬Ķʥв


1212 նʥ
Ŀ֮пһۣɭ޾ɱ⣬̫龦ʥߴʥøұҼѩûκơҲͬģһ塣ӵıԵӵһ棬ҲԻὫնɱһ
⣡ʥȻɱ˾޴󣡼ֱ˴ʿʵ۶Ҫ
Զǳ֮е̫龦ʥʱ΢΢һӿһëȻĸо
ͨ콾ĵ֮Ȼ壬ҲֻΪӶԴֻҪЩߣҲû˻׷ɱ
ΪУͬӵءҲû˼׷ɱķѵʱ䡢ʵ̫޴󣬵òʧ
һҪϾɱǾҪݣ׷ɱΪֹ
˴ʿʵ۵ѹһҲ˾ֻܵ˱ɱ֮İ˴ʿʵ۲Ż˷
ߴʥĻҲһӿһ˿˿⡣
ͨ˵вߴʥֻһЦ˿ϡ
ܲѾ湥ƣǿСвпһͱʵ
ʥɭвʥѵͲҪѩŵֹͣھɱѩţ
вҷֿԹǾǲܵ顣ǸɱѩţҾԻὫɱþ֡ͬҲὫ̫龦塢ͳͳɱþ֡κǣ£ҾɱǸ塣㽫֮·ȫɱҲ֣
ɱӿ˫֮ӡҫһޱȵĹâһɷǳ߿һۡ
ɱЩʥߣ
кâһǿ֮ȥϡסâҫӡ֣һ½ڶ̬е˫һģһ֮зȥ
һɲ֮䣬۴ʥ󣬻Ӷꪡһնʮѿգɺڶʮ֮и֣۴ʥֱնȥ
۴ʥѾݻʮսˣʵľ޴ȻˣkȻһʱӦӡҫһʮöڵkΧ֣γһɫĽ硣
һɫâһնɫĽ֮ϣӲĽɫնѿֲâ˳ն£۴ʥұֱն䡣
ȥ
һŭҫʥֳ֡ҫЫìȻ֣ޱȵҫһìֱӴ̳ͬһ۴ʥڡ
ɫĹâըѿӲĽ۴ʥֱӺ顣
һɺڶȻ֣۴ʥֱɡ
ħսʥԴʥԼʥҲֱӳִ֣ʥʥֱӹȥ
ʥɫҽˣʥԸͶһɣ
ִʥɫҧгݵغͽ
ͶʲôʸͶпʥ׼ȻûУָһΪУô͸һɣ
ɱӿһն£һʱⳤȻ֣ʥֱӾȥ
ʥɫ䣬һ貵ĽɫԱʱֱ顣
һɫâѾһ˲ֱն£նʥϣӲĽʥһΪһɺڶȻ֣ʥС
ʥס֣㻹ҪѩŻţ͸ס֣
ʥͶӰһĻһغ
ޱ飬ɱӿһ˲Ƴִʥһִʥֱնȥ
ִʥڱħսʥԴʥΧֻܹǿ۳һޱȵһµԼǰ
һնһ֮ϣһꪽֱնƣֲޱȵִʥֱӺɡ

ħսʥһЦǰֳһħһնռһ̺׼ĵâһݺݵնǸոܵشִʥϣһ»ִʥĻ֣ڵkնһ޴ޱȵĿӡ
׳ûɳӵնִʥϣһնѳ˿ڡ
һɺڶȻִ֣ʥֱ˽ȥִʥԴ
߲ʥ򿪽磬ǽȥɱʥҿ߲һУ
ɨ߲ʥӡĽ磬
һֱӴ򿪣¶߲ʥʥӰ
ʱ߲ʥѾ˺ۣɫ԰ףһģʥȴûһ˿ơ
ʥʵԶͬǿߡ߲ʥսȻǵkĶ֡Ϊ߲߲ʥҲƴסʥ
ʥס֣ס֣
һ𣬴ʥŭĺ֮
ʥǿÿһһĵ̣֮УʥǿҲࡣһпܵһһ˵ش
ɱ
һ֣Դʥħսʥҫʥ߲ʥʥ׷ʩչɱʥֱӺȥ
ʥɫ䣬ӡҫһ±һɫĹâԶȥ
һһʥκˡʥ֣ټսһԻ񣬵kûһ˿ʤ㡣
ӣô򵥣
һЦһ㣬ʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱʥһˢʥΧʱһңͣһ˲
ʥķһ¾ͽʥûˡ
һɺڶȻ֣ʥһֱɡ
ҹʥ򿪽磡
ʥ֮
ҹʥʩչĽһſ
ǽ֮ڣҹʥʥ˶˺ۡҹʥϵƸأ洦ɼһɼǵơ
ɱ˵k
ʥһָʥһʩչֹɱʥȥ
ʥ㲻ú
ʥһԹޱȵ䣬һ»һ⣬Զȥ
ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱһһʥϣӲĽʥһľ
ʥķʥֱӺȥ
ס֣ͳͳס֣
һŭ֮УŤʱңһѷֱ֮и֣һֻɢŰۼֲϢĴִ֮и֣ʥķֱһץ
̮Ťǲ֮֮£ʥĹɱһֲֻľֱ顣
̬
ɱһסһ½̬ӰֱӸ֣ǡԪ顿գһץһɺڶֱӸ֣ʥֱ֣ʥԴ


1213 ֮·
ʥһʳָӡҫһһɨֱӽǸɺڶñ
ҫʥһĨâļǡҫЫìһͷҫɫľ޴ЫȻ֣ݺһ̺ʥ֮ϡ
ǡҫЫìһʥ֮ϣޱȵɫ⽫ʥֱӹᴩƬѪǿա
ֳ֡ꪡǰһնһɫâݺݵնʥ֮ϣʮѿգӲĽʥն䡣
һɺڶ֣ʥֱɡ
С㾹Ȼն֡ҾҪɱ㣡
ѷ֮Уһ´ʥŭ
ʥûǸˡһὫͳͳɱһ
һ˲ƣֱӳʥǰһնһɫâʥֱնȥ
Ҫɱң
ʥһĨ֮ɫһ¸ֳһķ֡
ɫâһնǷ֮ϣͬһ㽫һ㷨ֱնƣӲնʥϣʥֱնء
һɺڶȻ֣ʥֱɡ
һ֣ҫʥȼʥֱдʥʿֱȥ
ãããʥúݶȻɱ˶ǿߣ㲻ݣݣ
ʥ˫֮мҪҧгݣŭ𣬿ֲƬ֮лص
ݣӽ֮·Уûλˡ
һЦһ֣ӴޱȵǼʽӹâһ֮ںȥ
Ĺ֮£ͨͳͳֱӹᴩɻҡ
ЩʥǿǼʥһһնɱ֪ȥ׷ʩչط˷ȥ
һ㣬һöʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱǡʱ֮顿ӿЩʥˢȥ
Щʥ߱ʱһˢΧʱһҡ
Ǽʥһȥһʥֱնɱ
һɺڶϸ֣ʥͳͳɣһ
ʥޱʥӽǾС֮ڣǲǳҾͽѩֱɱˣ
һЦһָ
ǳ֮⣬һսֱӷ˽ȥе̫龦ʥߴʥǶš֮󣬾ͻȥһҼҵĽֱӲƽҪػǵˣ͸Ұѩػˡ򣬽³ǵ³
һâҫһƬƬĻǳ֮ڣǹĻ֮УĻеڻֱ֮
ĻеźɨЩǿӵʲôطЩеŵսץͬɱһɱ
ĸӹֱͶҹ塢߲֮⣬ĸӹͬĻеֱɱеʬǱֱߣ¯ָս
̫棬һɢˡͰѩɱˣ
ʥһĻ˫۳죬һѾٴֺݺһģͬһһѾ仯Ϊʹ֮ѵѩźȥ
ͨʥǿ߶Իɱ仯Ϊʹ֮ѵѩţʥһۼǿߣһȥܹѩźɻҽ

һһԴһֲֻޱȵĻצȻֱ֣ӽʥֺ顣
ʥĶ̫龦ʥɱӿ̫龦ʥΪʲôңѲɣ㻹ҪСͷɣ
̫龦ʥȻǣŮ˶Ҫڻܹɱܹɱ棬ôŮ˾ɱڻСʵ̫ײУҲҪΪһ·
ߴʥҲʥȥɱˣܹɱ˵k֣塣ɱ˵kҲֻܹͷĺˣǲ𡣡
岻һʱѾ湥ơ˿֮·Ĺأɱһ塣
ѾգɱԼkǵĸӹɱ̫龦ʥߴʥΪ֮
̫龦ʥߴʥҲǵһμʶֶΣѾһ˿˿⡣
ʥкâǿŭһһһ¡Ҫ𣿡
̫龦ʥ̹Ȼûʥ̫ΣաҲϣ̫龦ҵС
ʥԸԲŹҡû˵Ҫ𣿡
ߴʥѩҪˡȷʵпܷ塣ֻҪ͸ͷ㹻ĴֻۣҪеǣͲΪС
̫龦塢嶼壬ʵɲ⣬ӹڶࡣҲԸԵ޹׵
һŭҲ´˶֡
ܺãǺܺã
ʥкâһ΢΢һΣֱӻһʧ
ʥƣ
һϢܿʥ̳֮г֡
ʲôȻʥˣôܣ
ϳۼǿҲᶯôᱻƣ
ǿϳյضʥһ칥ƣ˭ܹסʥ
ʥأʥô֣ǵk֣ʥôܹ
ʥǳҪǳѹȴϳǿ
ƣеԼӹʥɱ¾һգúݵֶΡ
ʥѾģǶλҪͳͳ壬ӵԵҲŹ
úݣһĽʥŭˡ
Ǵʥˡ

ʥ̳֮еʥǿǸϢ֮о۷׷ס
ЩǼһĻһв⡣ЩǿޱȵҲΪ֮𶯣˶Ŀ
һƬ׹ҫǺ֮ڡ
úݵֶΣһ֮ھ͹ʥ治ʱɫ콾ֶȴ̫ˡ֮ڵ飬ҹ塢߲֮⣬ͳͳһΣյĺˡ
״ʥʥ̳֮еϢ΢΢һ̾Ҳһ˿⡣
ǵʱ״ʥҲǹҪ濹⡣kȨ֮󣬻ѡԺΪڿѡεӢǵ濹⣬ʤˣֻҲԪˡ
һ򹬵֮ڣǹ룬һʥ۷ĿֲϢ
Ƿֱˣʥǿߡ
濴ʥ̳֮ϵϢһĨ֮ɫһ̾ˣúݵֶΣþˣʥ


1214 ɨ
ʥʿ֮ÿҪٽһʮѡҲŻӵ˿ΪͬʱҲշʥ
ڹȥʱʥ֮ʥĴ¡˴ʿʵ֮УҲûмʥ֮ʥǷһȣ֮ǵ
ʱʵԻܴʥǿߣȴҲһۼǿߣ͸ṥһ塣
һʥϣʥֻǱһֻҪǶλһж׽
ǳ֮ȻǾ콾ͬѹơֻǵkյǶ֮λһٽеͳͳѹkڵǶλ֮һԴ޸ͬΪһ޵аʿʵۡ
ףҪӿŲˣ
кâһ΢΢һΣֱʧ
Ѵǣ֧ʥ֮һ
һҫһֻӴޱȵǼʽֱӸ֡
һֻӴޱȵǼʽһ֣ǼѴֱӺȥ
ĺ֮£Ѵǵǿֱӱǹɱ
սֱӷѴ֮ɱеǿߡ
֮Ļеһ·ɨռݵʥǲɨһĸӹԼֱӼ
ǿֻܹһſǳĴɢ
ս𲻶ϣĻе֮кֱײ׷ɱǿߡ
ǿҲ׷׳֣ʱʱĽ׷ɱkǵĻеŴݻ١
ȴ򲻶ϵռʥǣÿռһʥǣǿʥ֮г֣ռԴսˡ
̫Ԩصһſǳ֮У֮к֮ϣս˱ֱͶս
˹֮·ɲĿĸǡɲĿҲ֮·еĵ֮һӵһۼرɲĿʹڡѹһˡ
֮УһҫһֻӴޱȵǼʽһɲĿĸΧǿա
ɲĿʥң
ӴޱȵǼʽ֮Уħսʥһ³֣һķԴɵġħսװסȵ
һâ΢΢һһò˫ۣüӵһ۵ĴʥӲ˹֮зɳħսʥû뵽㾹ȻͶʥһʥߣ㾹ȻͶʥ涼㶪ˡ
ħսʥҼӢ䣬ӵе֮ˣضʱĵߣͶҲȻ顣ɲĿʥɲĿѲص壬Ҽϵ
ɲĿʥʥҵӡҪҽҵӣ̫˰ɣҪǲأ
㲻ˡǾͬҾɲĿ塣ȻӵıԵҵǶλ֮Ҳɱǣһ
һĻս֮и֣һ۳ΣĿĶɲĿʥ
ɲĿʥҲһʥ۷ǿߣʵʥҫʥҪǿһǱɨһۣȴһ
ɲĿʥĬ˺һżޱȵʥˣܹܲһӣԸ֧֮ȪһӣŹӰɣ
һâ΢΢һһĿħԳͶӰһ¸Ƭջʥ֮嶼һӣŹЩ塣ǿԲʥ֮顣
ư£ʹ嶼֯γһƬ޴ޱȵĹϵ
ʥ˵һԾŶɲĿʥȻ㲻ˡɲĿ壬͸һɣ
Ŀ䣬һ֡
һǼս֮ڹâһһĹŲ˹ֱӺȥ
һĺ֮£˹һɽѣضɽҡͿ̿ɲĿǿֱӱɱ
һ֮ҫսһ±鲼գŲ˹ֱӷȥ
ʥ㾹ȻҶɲĿ֣ѵҪΪ𣿡
ɲĿʥһĻѣغ
ɲĿʥ㵲ҵĸ֮·ҵС˭ҵ·Ǿȥ岻⡢岻⣬ɲĿҲ⡣
һâҫֱӴ콢֮зɳߣֱʥҫʥ
һ֣ɲĿʥȥ
ҹʥ߲ʥԴʥԼʥʥһ³֣ʮ𳼷ʥŲ˹ֱӹȥ
Ӳ˹֮һ·ɳʥʮʥɲĿǿ߸֣Ĳɱһ
ǿޱȵһ֣ɲĿǿ߱
Ǻηս˷ɱ¾һУնɱɲĿǿߡ
˹֮ڣӡҫһɽѣһɢŴʥ۷ֲɽ˴Ӵɽ֮и֡
ĻȻֻ֣ħ۸֣һɽһ
ɽǿᣬȴޱȣֱӱǻʴһŭ𣬻ӶһģֱӽΧɲĿǿֱ
Ĺͬĩһ㣬ɲĿǿͳͳɱ
ǲ˹֮ڣһɽٴѿһͷӥĳͷӥֱӳ֣ɢޱȵϢ
ɽ˴ǰͷӥֱɱһ
Ļ߻ĻףЩĻӡҫ໥Ļò˷ϯȥ
ɲĿǿǱĻòһһʧǣǱԣԼߵͬ鹥ȥ
ס֣ʥҽʥ߽㣡ס֣
֮УɲĿʥͷɲĿʹڡһǻʹ֮桢ʥҫʥʥ⣬һ
ʱ˹Ѿɵǿ䡣ɲĿҲѾʥߣ֡
ĻеȴԴԴϵӿ벨˹֮ڣɱɲĿˡ
ˣڷ㣬񲻷ŻɽȻΪУǾȥˣ
âһס֮ӡҫһ½̬һɺڶȻ֣ɺڶ֮еӰһץԻһһпֲڶɲĿʥֱѹȥ
ɲĿʥͷϵġɲĿʹڡâһһޱһɺڶ֮ڣɺڶ໥֡
ҫʥôʱһìֱӴ̳ͬһɫĶһ˲ɲĿʥڣɫĹâҫһ㽫ɲĿʥᴩ
ʥâҫһ֮նɲĿʥϣһɲĿʥնء
һɺڶȻ֣ɲĿʥһӲĽɲĿʥȥ


1215 ʥ
ɲĿʥۼرشԴܴһɺڶ֮ڣԴĴԼ˿֮ӿɡ
Сȥ
һɭһƬ֮ըѿһ֣ʥ֮и֣ŰۼĿֲϢֳֵۼر񽣡һնȥ
һɲ֮䣬һ̺Ŀֲâ˺գֱնȥ
ʥɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼʩչطеġ߹סȻɳһͷ鼶߹Ȼ֣ӡҫݻΪһ֮磬޾
һ񽣡Ľâն֮֮У貵ĹâҫһУһУһֱ֮նѷֿ˳նһ֮ϡ
¡
һصľ֮Уʥͬǡ߹סһͬɣһѪ
ҫʥֳ֡ҫЫìֱһ̣һͷ峤һ˿˿ϢҫЫȻ֣Էһе˫ǯʥһ
ʥкâӽٴһն
һâᴩգ̺֮նҫЫϣһ㽫ҫЫֱն飬˳նҫʥϣҫʥҼնϣѪ
ʥ
kˣ
ʥ֣һʥˣ

֮һʥԶ۶ʥ֣һ˷쳣
ʥֲĵ̣һۼǿߣԺɨ£һֳֵۼرѹһ塣
һ¸ֳһʱҫʥʥһʥԶȥ
ϵеսͬˮһ㣬ʥֱȥ
ʥ֮أ
ʥ֮ɫâҫһһӴޱȵսȻ֡
ǰȥѹĴڳ֡
˵ʥʮʥĿֲϢһս֮и֡
ĴǿҲһ޼᲻ݵսìƣǿꡣս
һۼǿߣûеۼرһ˶ĴҲֻܹһƽ֡
Դ湥֮Ĵű伣ڳ֡
һǿߴս֮зɳ˫۳죬߹
ֱӻ𣬲֪УЩǿ߶Ѿ
ʥһĨ֮ɫʥײб壬ĺֶȻɱˣ֮ءҶȫɱһӵıԵҲԲŹǡ
ԭһ壡
ʥֻпӵĴų֣ˣ
ԣˣ
ˣ

һʥȻһһƬ֮пȥ
Ƭ֮Уһһһɫëߴǧ׵ħԳһ̤ڵkŰ׸ߵħԳǧ׸ߵħԳһʥħԳǰʥߡ
һǧ׸ߵħԳһĨ֮ɫʥǺԳʥҵŮˣصǰɱ㣡
һҫ
âһһͷ޾֮еĴʥ˴̤֮ǻ˵󣬷ֱʥ߼Ļѻߡ
һ޾Ĵʥ棬ɭޱȵɱʥǾ״ʥɱ㣡
һʯֱӴԶɳһ½˴˵أֱѿʯ룬һò׵ľɫŮɫŮߣһľӡ
ʯľһ̾ʥʥҲΪСҵķˡҪɱˣҲֻɱˡ
һľӺݺݵĵһۣгԹϻôʲôˡ
ʥаԵûڣ
һòףһ˿˿ԵϢĴʥ֮߳һЦ
ƬռѾӡʥͶɡͶҿʥ飬һ
һҫһ𳤴ǧľ޴󳬷ǿȻ֡Ǵʥǿ֮󣬻ǿ
ǿһܹɵĲݿռ䷨ǿʥ֮пռƿس̶ǰʮĴʥ
ʥ̫Եˡѱ鲼ССܹĴڣǶλΪھʿʵۣʸ˵⻰ڣ㻹ʸ񣡣
һҫһɿγɵĿʥȻ֣Ķ棬һ˿˿Ϸ֮ɫ
һһҫһһʥ߸Ķ棬ɭޱȵɱ
Գʥ״ʥɻȴʥʥǿʥʥʥˣ
ʥʥʥߡ̩ʥߡ綾ʥߣһʮʥߡʮϵ塣һΣʥˡ
ĵ̹ȻֲȻܵȻܹټ˶Ĵʥʥߣһʥˡ

һʥһЩֵǿ߶ʱһȻһۼǿЩǿΧ֮£Ҳֻһ;
ԴʥһĻһȻ鴫
ħսʥ촽һĨޱȵս⣺ôĵˣԺúɱһˡһι׶༪ˡ
ҹʥ߲ʥ֮еЩʥʥߣɫ䣬һĨ⡣ֻҹʥ߲ʥжմѪʱѾ޷ͷ
ЩͶʥҲɫ԰ףĸǵkǶƣֻھѾͶ
һĿⶼϡ
ɨһۣһʥԼʥߣһЦֻЩ𣿡
ʥǺôĿ㽫ǶλȻĶ֡ڣֻһֻϰˣɱ
ʥһŭ𣬻ӽһնһޱȵĽնȥ
ǸǿҲ׷׳֣ʩչַ湥ȥ
кâһһ´߶֮Ҫ
ӡҫһǶʥߺǣɢ㲨Ѻ۴ġҪȻ֡
ǡҪһʬһ˿˿ǵʬ֮ѹķ
һʬһ˫ۣǺ֮£һһȭ̮ǳĩյľȻ֣һһᴩĽâ֮ϣǽâֱӺ顣
һʬһ｣â飬ٴһһצʥֱץȥʬ䣬ѹգŤһУʴһС


1216 ɱʥ
ʥһĨ֮ɫѪȼգеġ񽣡һ¸գһߵʬֱնȥ
һ̮ʥ߼𣬵߸ķȻ֣һֻʣһߺǵĵ˫ۣԼļ׵ǣһħǵʬһն
һʬ䣬ѹأȻ£һ㽫Ƿ飬һǡҪ֮зɳᴩգ˲Ϣ֮ʥڡ
Щһʥӡҫɷ򷢶һ˲䣬ʥͳڡҪһͷ֮ϡ
һʥڣӡҫʴʥ
ʥŭ𣬷ʩչַȴǹȫѹ
һֻݵѪڴǡҪ֮и֣ݺһҧʥϣһëȻľ׽֮
һ׽֮УʥϢҲһҽ֮вϵıûϢ
ʲô
ʲôر
ʲôرȻɱۼǿߣ
ʥһۼǿߣôôױɱ
ʥĵƣǿ£

ЩʥʥǿʥǡҪһ£˶е
ҫǾ״ʥֱʩչطһ⣬ȥԼеʥ߶˲ϡ
ЩʥߡʥһĻɫ䣬׷ʩչطԶȥ
ӣ̫ˣ
һЦһ֣ĻеͬˮһЩʥߡʥϯȥ
滯ΪһɺڶһУѹһУ֮һһʥֱɡ
鼸޾սɱǸǿߣǻе֮ƬƬѪƮ֮С
ԼʥħսʥԴʥȴʥҲ׷׳֣նɱһжʥߡ
ǿʥ򿪽磡
򿪿ռ磡

Щʥʥһײǿ岼õķӡ֮ϣֱӱɿ׷׾ޱȵĺе
Уռ䱻ӡˣס֣ʥס֣
ǿʥɫ䣬һĺе
عҫսһһޱȵĹǿڵһ䡣
ǻһеĹһɨǿֱһ롣
Ҹƴˣʥ㡭
ǿʥոշһ߾׵ŭһɺڶԦʱֱײڵkϡ
һɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬ӲĽǿʥһΪ˲Ǿ޴ɺڶ֮ڡ
ɱɱʥ
ɱǲһ·

Щʥߡʥһɺڶâҫʩչȥ
һ¸ֳһʱٶһ¼ӿٱǻе֮һɡ
ǧĽȻֳ֣־޶ܣ໥γһݣЩʥߡʥĹȥ
ʥߡʥĹγɵķһǽȺ֮УֲĹҫһֱܽӱñ顣
Щʥߡʥע̫࣬΢˲١Щϵеսһµõ˻ᡣ
ʮȻһʥնȥ
һʥ߸ոմݻټսˣʩչǿޱȵĹɱ棬ڵ͹ȡ
һ׺Ȼʿ۷һնʥߵϣʥߵĻ˲նѣ˳ƽʥնѡ
׻Ӷսһնʥֱն顣
Ϊһնɱʥ֮󣬻һ¸ֳӡһΧͳͳ˽ȥ
Բ֮ڵһӿû׵ڣõkֱһΪһʥʿס
ǡҪѹʥ֮һʬٴһھ״ʥǰǾ״ʥֱץȥ
Ǿ״ʥâһһŭӡҫһ侻֮γɵĻֱӴӵkĿʬȥ
һ侻֮Ǿ״ʥķʮƶɵıԾһаڰǰۼĵʬǾ֮һգҲᱻֱش
һʬһʬ䣬ǻһɫ֣ʬֱӷգҲʬֱѹϨ
һ˲ǵʬĴֱֱץס˾״ʥԼһڵľ׽
ʥһ·ɣӽҾԲΪСʲôԸΪˣҲɱһὫ֮еͳͳɱһһɣ
ӵоòʥһĻָһţһ´Լʥڣâһʣķֱӽ顣
ȻѾҵĵƣôͳͳǲôܹٽһ
ݻɺڶһ¸֣ʥһֱӽʥУԴ
ʥ˫۳죬ĺеɱɱ棬ֻɱǲһ·
ǡҪĵʬǰһһץʬ䣬һºڿʥ֮ϣʥķֱӺ飬ǿʥֱץУԼһڵľ׽
ʥߡʥǷ׷ʩչǡҪȥ
ǿΧ֮£ǡҪһһ˿˿̺֮ķ磬ǽ֮ϣǽ֮һ˿˿
ӴޱȵĻеǿǷɱһ𣬳Щʥߡʥ֮⣬岻䡣
滯һɺڶ̤ʱⳤӣһǸʥߣһ
һ֡
Щʥߡʥ׷ʩչǿռȥ
ǿռǿʥǿһõķӡ磬ۼرҲԹơĿռǼӹǸռӡ磬øӼ̡
ЩʥߡʥսΧŹ޷ȫݻǿռ硣
ʥסְɣǶ֮·ǿߡҲľÿһ𣬶һǿ߿ʥߡΪ˴ְ֣ɣΪһԪ
֮һҫһĿ࣬ͷϳһֻƽǣһͷ׷ò׵ӻ˳ͬһǿս΢΢һ̾ۼĿֲѹӵ֮
ʥ
ʥȾǡ
ʥȾǰɣ

ǿռһߣһޱȵĽЩڿ֧ŵʥߡʥȵ
ʥһۼǿʵ죬֮ҲǰʮϵľͷӵǱ֮λǿߡ
кâһܣǽȻһңѾҪ׼ʥǽѲҲҪΪ𣿡


1217 ۵ͷ
ʥĿ΢΢һ֮·ǿ׹ϵʥҪȫռɱһֻ´粽УԵС
ΣһҼҵɱȥȫ塣˻ҵͷǿ׹ϵҲֻǿ֮еĲ׹ϵֻҪЩǿ彫˽ҾͿԼ̣ʲôûз
ԭˣ
ã
ʥȻзִ磡

һʥʱһɡ
ȷʵǿӵ׹ϵǱϾǸЩǿ׹ϵֻҪ˽ͼ̣֮ǿ嶼һ
ɨʥ۵ɭһЦ̫龦ʥʥ֮ڣҪŵѩšһһһһҵǡʱǵĸӹʥߡʥͷ­ȡҵĶ⣬ҾͽҲ˳ˣΪѩᡣ
Щڴ˵صʥ֮Уû̫龦ʥߴʥҲŵkǲµ
ס֣ʥͶһҲ롭
һɺڶһɻȴʥ㱻ֱӾһɺڶ֮ڣҽС
һɺڶ˷ɻȴʥ֮һ±ûս˵Ļе֮Уŷɻȴʥ
ʮ֮󣬴ɺڶ֮бƯһЩҽ
úݣʥͶҪ
ʥµţ
ɰ壬ÿһʥߣĸܹۺһֲ֡Ҫɱ䡣

ЩʥǴһ󲨶СΧ۵
ʥЩϱɵʥǿһۣ΢΢һ̾һģԭʧ
ǳڡ
ߴʥǡҪž֮ɫһرмְֵܹס
̫龦ʥ΢΢ҡͷһְҲûУǼرʥĵ̡ǿÿ£ͬΪǿ߶õۼرп֮ܽơ
ߴʥüͷ΢΢һѩţŻǲţ
̫龦ʥϵţֺˣܲͲѩûͻתء֮Ȫ͸ͷ
նɱ̫龦еһʥ̫龦˵һ޷޵ĴСӵпֲޱȵʵֶ׺ݣ嶼ҪϾɱ̫龦ʥҲη壬Ըһȥġ
ߴʥһҲ΢΢ͷ
â΢΢һǳ֮ڣʥʧ
˹
ǿ֮еǲкƯ顣洦ɼһֲĿռѷ죬溣ǿһӽǿռѷ춼ᱻǿռѷ̵ֱ˺顣
̻Ƭ֮з裬ս
̫龦ʥߴʥʥ
һŤ̫龦ʥߴʥۼĿֲǿߴ֮߳
һâ΢΢һƬǿ֮С
ǸŽʮʥ
һĮȻɱӿɭޱȵǶʲô£ҪҾһս𣿡
ʥɥĲ񣬶ʥĺѩų֡ǶǵkĺѣȰkҲֻܹǿסѩŵİȫε飬ǶҲйԸÿ⸶֮ȪΣ
ߴʥһ㣬һ˿˿ҫѾ仯Ϊʹ֮ѵѩƬ֮С
֮⣬ǻҪĲϡÿҵһǾҪһʥҡ
濴ѩ֮һĨָͣһһûۼǿߵС
̫龦ʥ΢һ΢Цû⣡
ߴʥüͷ΢΢һҲӦã
ҪĲ϶߼صϡϣһޱȵĵرҲֻܹˬóϡϡ
̫龦ʥһ֣Ѿ仯Ϊʹ֮ѵѩűֱӷɻߡ
һ±סһöʹ֮ѣ΢һ
ЩΪѩšʥˣ̫龦ʥԲô򵥽ѩŽ
â΢΢һһץ㽫öռ䱦ץУ΢΢һɨ¶֮ɫµΪֹֻ֡
лʥ
̫龦ʥʥ΢΢һЦʧ
汧Ǳ仯Ϊʹ֮ѵѩţ΢΢һΣֱʧ
ɲĿ屻塢ʥʥɱ
ʥ̳֮УһϢһ֣ʥ̳ٴը
ʥȻʥɱˣôܣ
ʥǰۼǿߣӵеۼرôܱʥɱ
ʥǰۼǿߣȻУҲܱɱôܣ
ܣԲܣ

һϢһ֣ʥ̳֮еʥߡʥ𺧣ʵ
ɲĿҲһ壬ʵǿޱȡƽʱ屻Ǻ䶯Ĵ¡
ɲĿ屻ϢȴԶԶȲһۼǿ߱Ϣġ
ÿһۼǿ߶֮еϹһĵ̣޵еĴڡ
һۼǿֻҪԸ⸶ۣһ˾ӵһܾ˵Ŀֲ
ǰۼǿʵ죬ʲôգҲֱӳ뿪֮·Ѿʮûǿ߱ɱϢֻһЩۼǿԪˣȻ䡣
ǡ
ʥ棬ǿ£ȻʥСԭôһŵơõûΪС
״ʥһʥ̳֮ϵϢʱ΢΢һһ˿˿¡
һ֮ء
ӵյķ˵Ůʥ̳֮һĨʵۼǿ߶УʥԽԽˡһʱѵҾ𣿡
Ϊ֮䶯
Ļеҹͣռݵʥǹȥ֮ҡЩԭĸӹ׷ױ壬׼泼
֮УǿҲֱӸ廮ޣԼһ֮еͳͳնɱ׸档
Ϊ֮ӵӴޱȵǱͬҲֱӷĴɱȥ
ǿ߻ͼǿ湥ݵֻǵkǸոճЩ򣬾ͱЩ֮פصսֱΧɱ
Ļеһ·ƽƹȥԼ帽ӹռݵͳͳУȻֹͣŵĲ
ƿصʮַҲȫС
ƿصʮַ֮ʮרʥǿߵַֻʥϵǿЧ


1218 ѩŽ״ʥ
ʥǿ߶Чֱַءǳ֮԰
һž޴ޱȵǳһֱֻа׵ĳˮˮ峺͸һ۾ͿԿײ
һǳԴԴϵĳȡԲ֮еһˮ֮Уһֱ׵ĳˮǳݼһƬûһ˿еһˮ֮ڡһˮĵ֮һַء
ӵ̥ǡЧһۼǿܴҲ֮ˡ
ܹ֮ƣǿ꣬ʥǿ߲Ϊĵ֧֡
һʹ֮Ѹ룬ԴԴϵص
վԱߣһָĵرһ·һɫĺʥرʹ֮ڡ
ʹ֮һۼǿƶɵıרʹš
ֻҪضĵرͶ롾ʹ֮ڣǡʹ֮ͻƳʹʥҺһʹʥҺͿһʿʹֱӽɱΪһ»ʿʹ
ӡҫǡʹ֮ԴԴϵӿɫʹʥҺһöʹ֮ڡ
ʹ֮ԴԴϵʹʥҺһӴޱȵʹ֮ӿ
꣡
֮һʹ֮һ¿ѡ
һɲ֮䣬Բ֮ڣӿγһֲޱȵС
ԴԴϵһ±ȡһûʹ֮ڡ
ʥ˽״ʥ
˽״ʥ
ѵʥ״ʥôô죿

֮⣬õ̽һӦ䣬ɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
κһ˵һʥǿߵĵһ¡֮еһʥҲӰĴ¡
һʧ֮ʹֱ֮ѿһɴʥʹ֮
һĨâֻ֣̾Ҫӵ㹻Դܹһ·
ѩʹŮǿ֮һֻҪӵгԴܹƿĽ֮
ȻЩҲܵѪܼƣҪΪʿʵۼĴڣͻʮѡ
ֻʱЩ鼶ֲܹһӵʿʵۼھһҪʿʵҲʮѡ
磡־ңá
ѩŴʹ֮֮һ·ɳĻУĥ
§ѩţϤζеɱŻɢȥһЩ
ѩŴĻСԴһĨޱȵս⣺磬ҽ״ʥˣһʯԲҵĶ֡ûУ
ʯ񵱳һͽѩѹ档ѩԸҲǺúýѵһʯ
滺һ̾ûУڻû䡣Ψһȷľû䡣
ߴʥҲѾ̹ԣɳĴʥ׷ɱʯȴû뵽ʯսˣӵжֱرֱӵòӰ
涯á㷨Ҳҵʯټֻͨ˵Լ֪ʯû䡣
ѩҧгݵһζǸۣһҪɱΪʯ㱨𡣡
ѩҷӡһöʹ֮ѺȻܹӦ顣ʥǿҲܻ˵ǵõ۵ָץǡ
û۵ָ㣬һۼǿҲҵѩšʯĶʥߡ
潫ɨһգȻкüʥ򣬲֪٣ҲҲ
һĨɭޱȵɱۣҳɵ
ۡ۹ۡС׵֮·֮Ϊ콾ÿһǹŴתߵkǵĺ֣ʵһԶͬǿߡ
С׵۱ɱ֮Ͷۡ۹ʮ־裬ȴû뵽۳־Ȼ˺ݶӦаأѾǣΪǳ֮еһѿݹǡ
кâ֮ǰҪĻǵʵ
Ϊһʱİʵǿףɲ⡣Ҳ׶Եk֡
ϳ屻֮Ҳƿ֮С
Ѿһ޴ޱȵҪ鲼ָĻеָսϵı
룬Ѿ½һĹһ·࣬ԴԴϵĳȡŸԪ۹ȥ
һ룬һָǡסâҫӡ֣һڶһ½һۼرɲĿʹڡֱɡ
ǡסһɡɲĿʹڡ֮ӡҫϵĲ
ǡɲĿʹڡһһ˿˿ֲޱȵĲֵšסɡ
ɲĿʹڡһۼرɲĿ崫رҲһԵرȻıסɡ
濴ǲġɲĿʹڡһĨâӡҫһ̤ǡסΪһ塣
ǡסӡҫһݻγһֲޱȵĺڶǡɲĿʹڡһ
ǿһе֮ǡɲĿʹڡ֮ϣǡɲĿʹڡһС
ǡɲĿʹڡĸСʱ㿪ʼֱ롾ס֮ڡ
ɺڶһʧǡס׶һֻ̺ۡ
ǡסˡɲĿʹڡ֮һӴ󾫴ԼϢһ·ûڡ
ڵı仯΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺סҵĵ·ܹɸĵۼرkܹøǿ󡣿ϧÿһۼرˣҪһѡ
ۼرʮϡ١֮ҲֻС񽣡һۼرǡ񽣡ѾҪ
һδսҲֻջɲĿʹڡһۼر
֮Уӵвٵ壬ÿһ嶼ӵһۼرѹһˡЩ֮֮йϵΪУٹ̣ӵѡ
һΪѩŷΪɱ壬ɲĿ塣Ҳ˳Ľڲһ塣Ե޹ʾȥĵ壬ĵ塢ֻ¶Ҳ档
ָһţһöֱӸ֣һ£˫ۡ
ǡסâҫĦʯ֮һӿûڡ
һɲ֮䣬ڤڤĹԲ֮ڣӴޱȵӿ
ǡסһݻγһֲޱһеĺڶǷԲС
һֲޱȵ籩֮м


1219 ״ʥ
ĵر׷׷ɳֱӷȥ
һɺڶΧ֣΢΢һЩĵرͳͳУһա
ӡ֮и֣һɺڶȻڶգԽԽֱһסһǧסһʮٶȵһŵʮ
ǴӷԲ۶ǿֲޱȵĺڶһա
һɴʥĿֱֲ֮
ʥһ˽״ʥ
ɺڶɰ壬ʥ
ʥ״ʥˣ
ÿٶȣ
Ȼ״ʥˣ˭ܹε

Ǹ̽һһַ·ܹһеɺڶɫ䣬ҽϢֱӴԼ
ʥ״ʥ
һϢٴγʥ̳֮ϣһʥ̳
ܣôô죿
ʥ棬ʱ仹һǧ꣬ôôʥ
ôܣۡ۹۵kǶûн״ʥʥôôʥ
ѵҪΪĵھʿʵ𣿡

ʥ̳Ϊ֮䶯ʥߡʥʥ̳֮۷׷ס
ʥǿÿһĲ֮ѾӽÿһʥǾ춯صĴڡ¶޷һʥǧѾ̤ʥ򣬼ֱ졣
ǡ
״ʥʥ̳һĨ֮ɫʥÿ죡ôô״ʥȻİ˴ʿʵۣҲûһ˽ٶȱȵǿ£һʱľ콾
̫龦ĸǻҫǡ
ҫǵһؾ֮ڣ̫龦ʥһƬɫĺ룬Ҳ𺧵Ĺâ״ʥˡÿٶȣʥٶôô죿ȻۻҪȽ״ʥҺҵûнﵽ
ĸ
֮ڣһһ˿ǳ룬һƬǳ֮۶ɵǺǺ֮У߮һףǵŮ
Ǻ룬һˣߴʥ
ߴʥһ̾ʥʥ˶һǿ£ʥ֮֮·˭ΪУ
ʥʿѾҶ塣֮·Уʥʿ滹бɱĿܡ
ֻҪۼǿ߲һжøֵ̣пֱܽɱһʥҪɱѶȶȻʮֹ
֮ڣһߵ֮ǰ
ʥʥȻȻôͽʥ治ԲĹ
ħʥʥ̳Ϣиޱȣ
ħʥ֮ʱ滹ֻһССʿлԻʹʥڱ֧֣ħʥὫСǵǸkеȴڲǧʱѾ׳ΪʥԶԶԽȻǼĽ
֮·һַ֮ڣȼڻ棬ַ֮ڵκһ˿涼׵Ľһ溣ǿֱճɻҽ
޾Ļֵַ룬һףʳľŮǷ˵Ůһ˿˿ʥڵĿֲ֮
˵Ůһ̾ʥʥȻ׳Ϊ˴ʥĶ֣˾ȻܹС׵ۣԲֲ˸ǿн׵Ĵڵ֮·ϣѾԽ̫Զˡ
˵ŮǷһ֮һߵĴѪѪŴķ֮ѪֻҪkһ·ʥװҲԶҪɡҲһͬ޵еǿߡ
Ƿ˵ŮҪ㹻ٽ״ʥҲҪʱ䡣ʱѾ״ʥߵʱ콾ǰУȻгǡ
ʥʥȻ״ʥˣ
ÿ죡
ʥÿٶȣ˴ʿʵ֮УûһĽٶܹȵ

֮·֮Уǿ߶ǸϢ𶯡
ַԻ
һֹҫտʥǻԻ롣
տʥ޾Ի֮лŵۣһĨ֮ɫϣʥѾ״ʥ
ǻ޾Ի֮еۻ˫ۣ˫֮ޱȵĹ⻪·һ޵еo
۵ҲһĨȻʥ״ʥÿٶȣ
ʲô屻ʥҲˣ
һö鱨ˮ΢΢һɨǷ·Ų䣬ʲô鶼ɫ΢΢һ䡣
տʥҲһĨ֮ɫûʥһرֱӽʥѹˡ
һʥʿӵеۼرƴҲֻܹһۼǿߡʥȻֱɱֱ˷˼
üͷ΢΢һ建֮һ֮һ֮Ĳк治һʱ콾ǿ¡ܹɳȥˡ
ֻܹԶˣ
˫֮кâһӡҫ廯һУΧĻԻԡ
ԲʮһһֲޱȵϫӴޱȵ˷۶γһֲޱȵУע۵ڡ
صӡҫһɴʥֱӴ۵ϯķ
ʥҲʥˣ
ۣȻǿ󡣾Ȼʱ̤ʥ֮
ʥˣ

ǻԻΧǸǿһӦۺεĴʥһĨϲɫ
۵Ϊ״ʥĻ̻̣֪۽ʥ֮󣬶һ±ð
տʥĶ޾֮еۣ¶һ˿Ц⣺ϣȻѾߵһ
޾Ի֮е۲ϵӴޱȵĻԻ⣬Ϣһɴʥڷһֱ˴ʥ۷ֹͣ
ǿԽ棬Ҫһ͸ѡӴʥڽ״ʥ۷ͨĴʥ˵Ѷ˿Ƚʥ͡
ȴһͻƿͽ״ʥ۷壬֮ֱš
һ˫ۣһޱȵ⵭ȥѶʥʮ֮Ҫһ
տʥǣϣ
ΧǿգȻռ΢΢һ˿˿
߮ǿѲߵǼսâ΢΢һʥڵĹֱǿռֱӺȥ
һܼܿռȻ֣ŤգһƬһ±ռ֮С
ס֣տʥɳʹߣ
һâҫտʥӲĴ֮мȴǿռ֮ն˺ۡ
տʥոմҿռ֮мʥڵĹʱɫ䣬һ¸ֳʮöտξ塣
ʥڵĹʮöտξĽ֮ϣξĽֱӺ飬˳ƽտʥֱɡ
ʥڵĹâʧ֮󣬱¶˻õտʥ


1220 ʹ
ս
տʥһսһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ
һսڿشʥտʥʱſ˷磬Իᱻֱش
Ǵʥǿÿһƽʱ䶼ϣЩвʥսȴҪһꡣտʥͨطһ۾Ϳһսʱ䲻¡
âҫһһҵս֣һʮսһ³Ƭ֮С
ǧսһ¸գտʥΧס
۵ʹߣҪ㡣
ħʥ֮߳ɨտʥһۣһĨ֮ɫ
տʥ΢΢ͷŰħʥ֮ڷȥ
һĹ֮ڣһ֮ϣͬһͨˡ
֮£ǷֱվһʥߡʥһֲޱȵϢʥߡʥΧơ
ʥ
տʥһǹ֮Уһ
䵭ңʲô£
տʥ΢΢һЦʥ۴Ҫ֮Ͼһ
ʥɫ£ܹӦַһҲ޷֮ڷһСֻһ䣬һܹǾ֮л뿪򲻿ɳ嶯ǰһս
ҫʥҲɫ䣬Ȱ£עҪǶλαھ۾һսֻҪٹ꣬¼仹˭Ķ֣
ٶȱۡ۹ۡС׵ЩϹתǿ߶Ҫ졣ǲ䣬ضһʱĵھʿʵۡʥȻԸðա
һ̧鰴ЩҪȰɵʥߡʥǱ㶼
һЦƾʲôΪһkһսǵתһʥܹȫմʥҲҪʮʱ䣬ܹȫմʥkƾʲôΪھͻkһս
ЩϹתĹＶÿһؾܹѸٵһؾϾkѾչһΡ
½ĴʥҪúõܹסǴʥĿֲ
տʥ΢΢һЦҼʯ䣬ʥӦҼϾһսֻҪӮˣʯҼϿ˫ַϡֻҪܹӮҼϣҼϵͳͳЧҡ
ôĶע
յǺôĶע

ڳдʥһһĨ֮ɫ
һʿʵۼǿߵתӵأ¸ƣǿꡣ鲼֮·ɳʥȥץʥ
ۣ۵ڵ滹Ҫǿöࡣ
浭˵ԽҲֻʱ⡣
տʥ΢΢һЦҼӵСɫ֮ǡɫ̺֮˵İ塣ʥҪ汦ֻ֮ϣпܻá򣬽ʥǶλҼϲУҲԴȥ
ɫ֮˱ֲõkȻܹҵѩźʯ֮ء
ŴԣʱĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
ɫ֮˵ɴĻ֮ʿĵۼر̺˰
ĵۼرʱƶɵıۼرȻûǿޱȵĹɱȴ̺˵ޱȣҲõı
˴ʿʵۺѹһ£ıѹһաҲûһ˵õ˵֮еۼر
浭ҵǡɫ֮ҪĲвҲֻǾ֮͡ϻҵУ
ʱеޱȣһ嶼Ҫǿ󣬶ÿ춼ڲϵǿսˡϵеս˴ӱ֮߳ĲвĶֻ֣ЩвϾʥߴãã֮кҲ׷ɱ
һǡɫ֮УĲвʮô׷ɱ
տʥ֮ϣֻһܹʥܹնɱҼϣʱĵߡһ桾ɫ֮УҲܹһˣҼҲӶһУøǿҼҲԳŵˣҼϾԲᱨĲºˡϾ˵Уǹǿߡ
һĨ֮̾ɫϵۻһ˲ĵˣãҴӦ֮Ͼһս
ʥʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һ뵽ǿɱǿߵġҪ
۵ʵôǿᣬҲֻǸոսʥǰۼǿ߻ҪࡣǡҪɱһۼǿߣӵرȻѾ֮ء
տʥ΢΢һЦһ΢΢һΣԭʧ
ʥ֮Ͼһ
һϢһʱʥ̳
۹һ־ͱƵʥòӭս
һοǽԼһжˡʥܹɱ˵kkһжʥ֮
ͬһʤˣkͿԻʥϵӴ˿ơ
޵а֮սһһܹô֮·Ҳûܹ档
ۺʥ˭
ȻۡkϾһߵת֪ӵжٺ֡
ʥʥѹˣ
û޷Ըʥƿصһ֮ذɡ
۵ʵǿһʥеرǿ󡣡

ʥ̳֮Уʥ۷׷סһʥߴԶϻȥ
֮оһֻһܹ¡ǻµһ˱ضܹһ˵Դͳͳ̵øӵǿ
ǡ
״ʥһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һ֮̾һս֮·ĸ֡Ҳܲȥʥ棬û뵽Ȼɳ֮졣һսʤˣ֮·Ҳûһ˸ΪС
һսۿһ
һսֻ¾Ǿһʱ߹һսұۼ֤һС
Ǿ߹һսû뵽ô졣
ʥ۶ľ콾ϧkֻ֮һܹ¡һΪǸ̤ʯǻһǿ߱øǿ󡣡

֮·صϹҲ֮һս׷ķȥ
նɱС׵֮ѾΪ֮·֮֮һٱնɱֻʣº۹һ۵һб֮ûʲô⣬߾ԵǺ۹۾Ͳ档


1221 ս
һž޴ޱȵǳʿʵۼǿߣκһֻɾܹлų
öʥߣ
һâ΢΢һʥƬ֮УԶȥһĨ֮ɫ
ֻ֮⣬Ưһſɽǳսÿһڶɢſֲޱȵ
ʥƣ
֮·֮һϵʥߡ
ʥԼоһɹɿֲޱȵϢ֮УЩϢԶԶԽʥߡ
ãҲˡҼǵϲЩ
һһʥתͷһͿ޹ʥŮЦӯӯ
ʥ΢΢һЦ޹㣬ǹϵһһʱߵľȻܹ
ʥһʥߣ˵k츳֮⣬ͬɱˡֻǵkʥ֪֮ԼЩ콾ʵ̫󣬸ûһ˿ϣߡŴֶܿύѡ
޹ʥŮЦۺʥΪ˭ʤЩ
ʥһۣ̾kϾһת޵ҵkѾʥǧ꣬һǧǰѾʥ۷塣kڻԻ֮һǧ꣬Եk츳һǧֻӿ¡
޹ʥŮЦûʥ̫ļˡǵkܹס꣬ҲδĶ֡
֮УȻֳһ˿˿ͷɢʥ߼峤ߴĽһɽһ
һɽۣ֮һĿ࣬ͷϳֻǣòףһ˫ɫ˫ͫӡ˫֮ͫУӡҫصϢ
۹ۣ
۹Ҳˣ
Ҳˣ

һ֣ƬĿⶼϣ˼ɵη
۹Ҳ֮·֮һһתս죬ʥ֮ǿĴڣնɱʥȻǰۼǿҲԸĹ
֮Уһ֣ǿףʳ۴ֱ̤֮
󣬸տʥʥԼʮʥߡ
ۣ
ۣȻǿɲ⣡
ܹնɱ棬Ȼܹ̤֮λ

Ƭ֮еʥһۣһݡ۵ϣkǶԼоһ˿˿ѹ
۹Ŀһۻû뵽㾹Ȼѡһս
۵ʱ䲻ࡣȥҲûʲôôҪҽɱøǿҪôֱ䣬Ϊ̤ʯøǿһҪһߣ˶Ϊ
۹۳Ĭһᣬ˫ۻҲ㣡
֮һŤһһҵս֣һʮʥ鼶Ǽս֮и֡
һҾ޴ޱȵս붥һˣ档
ʥ
Ǿʥ
ʥ

Ƭ֮УЩʥǵĿҲ׷׼ϣһ˼ɵ֮ɫ
壬һӴޱȵ嶼ֱȻʥ߼ɵѡ
滺ۣɫ֮ģ
΢΢һЦָһţһ̺һ˿˿Ϣġɫ֮һ¸֣ͬһ˳֮аҫصĹԡ
Ǵ˵֮е֮
̺֮

һ̰Ŀ˷۶Ķǡɫ֮֮һʿʵۼǿҲΪ֮ĵı
һȥÿ̤һͿԽ룬ͳ֮⡣
Ĭģһָӡҫһû֮ڡ
֮Уӡҫһ̺֮ԼȻ֣۵ǰ
ɨԼһۣһĨԼ֮Ͼͳ۶֡
һĨԼ֮Ҳֳʥ֡
һޱȵĹâҫ㱻ޱȵĹ⻪֮ڡ
ƽޱȵʥսҵĲ¾ȫˡϣܹƴǡϾǵĵֻһǹǿߡ
ã
һ¸ֳסֳ֡ꪡֱָۣͬһӢޱȵս
һʱľ콾ʥûһʱԿ޵䡣ϧˣעҪˣ
ǰ̤һԻڵkΧƣһ׵ۼرġսסڵk֮и֣һۼرս֮ꪡҲڵkС
һɺޱߣʥڵĿֲѹ֮ϯķ
ʥڣôܣ
ʮǰոͻƴʥ֮ôʥڣ
ôʥڣôʥڣʮʱ䡣
ۣʮʱ䣬Ѿʥڣ죡ʥѾûκʤˣ

ڳʥһӦ۴ʥڵĿֲϢɫ䣬̾ѡ
ʥɫһ±ʮѿʥڣۣ
ҫʥɫҲʮѿȻ״ʥˡʱЩ֮⣬ûܹʮ֮ɴʥ״ʥڡۣ
۹ۼһĻĿ΢΢һΧϢһһʥڣۣ
ۣ
һĨȵս⣬ӡҫһǰӶꪡһնʮֱӸ֣ȻΪһ壬һɫĴգɽ󺣰ֱնȥ
ʥɣ
ͬһĨս⣬Ӷս֮ꪡͬһ𲻰ܵսһһնȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǰսǿޱȵӢʷ֮бٻһŭһ𷢶˹
ӢĹս֮Ϊһ壬˺Ѳ񷣬֮еһɫպȥ
¡
һ춯صıը֮һ̮ռ飬ֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
ۺ涼һ֮£ɳǧ֮Զ
ƽɫ
ô
ʥȻƽɫôܣ
ʥǴʥڣôƽɫ

ЩʥǼһĻһĿɿڴ֮ɫ
˲𣡣˲ʥҹĿ࿴ҵͬһʱֻ³Ϊߵһ˾ˡϧվһһսעҪҵС
һĨ֮ɫǰ̤һһ³ʮֳ֡ս֮ꪡȥ
Ҳǰ̤һһ¸ֳʮֳ֡ꪡɱһ


1222 ս
¡¡¡
ս֮ڣ޴ıը֮ڶ
ɽ̮ؿѡ󷭸ǳ䣬ս֮ͬһһ֡
սǿᣬͱ˽ֵನ顣
ս֮Уʷ֮սӢ׷׸ֳָ֣˻湥
Щʷ֮սӢÿһʥʿϵǿߣʥǿߡ
۶ˡս֮ꪡȨܣŽЩʵ˵սӢʷ֮ٻ湥ȥ
ЩսӢÿһսǧսۣԽ档սӢ鸡Χɱۼǿߡ
һɺڶϸ֣һսӢֱɡ
ȻˣһԲͬʱսӢȻ˷˼ս֮һ˺ۡ
ӶꪡһһԲͬʱսӢն飬ÿնɱһԲͬʱսӢ飬ľҲ޷˵۷ֺ
ۣȻޱȣնɱʥǰȻһ
ȻҲѾʮǿ󣬿Ǳ˵ǲ̫Զˡ
Ͼһʱʥͬһʱضܹѹסۡϧ۱Ͼһʱ

һϧҵƬ֮лص
֮·֮еǿǶǿ˾֮·ۡ۹Щ޵һʱİת֮⣬ûܹᲢۡһսųϵ˻Ǹӿۡ
ۣһöֵ֣Ҷȫڶ̬
кâһϵġסӡҫһԻе˫Ȼſµӡǻе˫֮и֡
ԴԴϵĦʯ֮ӿûڣϢڽɴʥ۷һ·׵ʥڡ
һưԹһʱǶ֮λӢֳһ޽̤նһն䣬նѲ񷣬һУŻϢն
һۼˣ飡
һЦһնһɫâһնӢϣʮѿգһӢͬ漸Ӣͳͳն顣
һɫâһɺڶնȥ
һʷǿ׵Ӣǿֲâն֮£һı顣
ǿֲޱȵâնЩӢ֮󣬴˷նȥ
ϵġսס֮ӡҫס˵kĺĲ֣Ĳλһâնһѿ˿ڡ
ۣȻնˡ
۾Ȼˣ
⻹ǵһ˵ˣ

ս֮⣬һʥߡʥжһĨ֮ɫ
Դӳûаܹϵжֶȡʤ˵⻹ǵһΡ
˲ʥԴնɱ֮󣬾Ҳûܹˡ㾹Ȼܹ˵ң˲𣡣Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
΢΢һ̾һĨ֮ɫĬģһָ
һѺۣ·һͻữҳƮɢսһ¸֣һ˿˿Ϣֱնȥ
һսһ֣ʱëȻһעҪĹԤһӿͷ
֮
ɫ䣬һһӡֱӸ֣ǡҪһ³֮С
ڡҪһߵĵʬһ˫ۣ֣ʬ䣬һսֱץȥ
һսһն£ӡҫһǿǿɲ֮նһĳ̶ǵʬնȥ
һʬһץһץһ֮ϣʬ䣬һѹȥ
һһնǵʬ֮ϣᴩգʬն飬˳նǡҪ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǡҪ֮ϵĵʬͬǡҪһ춯صĿֲâһΪնѿ
ʥеһ֮ˣ
ʥһնɱǿߵرˣ
һΣʥܶˡ

ս֮ʥ߼һĻжһ˿˿˷֮ɫ
Ҫһɱǿߵ֮ҲѹʥеһʯͷﱻֱȥЩʥǶ˷ܲѡ
֮еİۼǿ߼һĻҲ΢һ
꣡
һ֮Уһ˺۵սһֶѺۣս֮ϵ䡣
սҲʧȥɣ۵С
΢΢һЦָ֮սС֮սƵ֮ҲֻܹʹһΡʥ䣬û޵еرֻ޵еˡԼΪǸ㽫ܹǶ֮λЩƵ֮޷ֺ
΢΢ͷף
Щޱȵ֮һ춯أɱۼǿߡЩޱȵ֮ȴ޷κεһߡ
һʿʵۼǿͽ־ܹЩƵ֮һһ顣
֮ѾȥôͿȥˣ
΢΢һЦ֮ӡҫϢȻһأֳսһָ
ʷ֮Ӣʷ֮߳׷׵û۵ڡ
Ӣ壬۵ϢҲڽͬһ޵еħһȥ
һɲ֮䣬һꪱգ̺ž׵ļɣȥ
ӢԼսܣһѾǧ޿ɱܡ
̬
סâҫһɺڶȻ֣ɺڶ룬ֳһŤģӰһöԪ顿ɵӰС
ͻ޾֮Ӱ֮и֣ǸӰһģֱȥ
һſֲ׵ĺڶһ¸ӰУսһ֡
һ̺սĿֲս֮ϯɺڶɺڶһ˺ѡ
ɺڶӡҫһս֮
ɿֲ׵֮֡
кâһǡס֮ϵһ¸ֳһֻۣһֻ֮Уӡҫһâ˺Ѳ񷣬һ⵶ֱӷɳ۴ȥ
۵Χһ¸ֳӡγһ硣
һ⵶һ֮ϣһֱӹᴩһ´۵ͷ
۵Լشս֮һ±
ݻһɺڶһڱ㽫ֱ£ĳȡ۵Դ
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ǡסâҫӡ֣γһһķ磬Ȼսꪹᴩڡ
ֲޱȵսֱ֮ӺƳһֲޱȵĴ󶴡


1223 
ɺڶҲһ֮±ֱӷֱֿӴɺڶ֮зɳ䵽һԣϢήҲ
Ѫסӡҫһеǡս֮ꪡһǡս֮ꪡУǡս֮ꪡ
ӡҫһӡӡǡս֮ꪡϯȥǡս֮ꪡ

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һѹ죬ԾصĿֲϢӰ֮и֡
һֱ̤Ӱںһ
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С֮е֮âҫĳȡСһ˲䣬ǸС磬һ±ÿήɺԡ

âһȭһȭһɫĹ֮бһУݻһУռ֮е֮ͳͳ飬ֱӺȥ
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۹Ŀһۣ΢΢һ̾һģԭʧ
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ӽ콾еʱѾʱʥʱˡ
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΢΢һΣԼĽ֮ڡ
ЩĻǿǿӴޱȵĽԼЩڽΧǿǣһݣĿһֻӴޱȵĽԶȥʧƬ֮С


1224 ״ʥ
ʥս䣡
һըԵϢһʥ̳֮ϣ㽫ʥֱ̳
ˣôܣ
۶ʥУ¼仹˭ʥĶ֣
䣬еıʥСʥѾƲɵ
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׷ǰʾáӵʥߵϵ壬׷ǰϣΪĸӹ
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һɺڶһ죬һ㽫ǷԲ׹ͳͳɣֱ
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һɺڶȻ֣ǱһǱͬһͬɣԲһ±
ݻγɵһɺڶһ·ֱײĸֹͳͳɷ飬˴
ǿ˵һأǶڽʥڵ˵ֻЩ鷳ѡ


1225 Ťն
룬Ϳһ޴ŤĿն֮Ǿ޴ŤĿն·ܹһУһУһ㲻
ˣҵĸоȻΣաǸ
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֮䣬ϿԷʥ߹ʮؽ׷ױǿֲ׵ѹ֮һ֮ϣһĽѹȥ
ʥ֮ǿȣѾ޽ӽۼǿߡǿֲޱȵѹ֮£ȻһĳѺۡ
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һĨŭ֮ɫеɭīһء߲Ȼīһ֮ڣīһıǴīأҪȡīһıһȺ޳֮ͽ
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һɫĹͬʵһӵлԣһɫĹī֮ϣī˺òϲ޷ӽɭ
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ǿˣɭҪҪɱ

ǶѨײ¶һõ׹䵽֮ϵ档


1226 Ԫ½
ɭһĨɱɱԲܹ
ЩսʿǷ׷ֳ־״ǹ֧һɨ䡣
һĴָСɫȥ

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һ߲ʹâʱҫ꣬ƶʱܼٶϡ
һ߲ļֵ˲𡣶̺İܹٶһЩܹһøϢҲҸĽķ򡣡
Ӧ֮еı仯΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ȻѾ仯ȻǿȰۼĿֲȻԲꡣֻҪһʱ䣬ܹܿĽ»ǿޱȵĳ֮ǴʥʿĿֲ֮
ʿʥĳһ磬ͻȴ䷲ֻʣ֮ҲʥĿֲʿͬʲôܹѸٵĽʿЩʥʵ
Դ֮ǿ߲˴ʿʵһһճѹ棬Ϊˡ
һڴˣܷǲͣ
һã
īɢھԪ½֮ϣССĲ䳬ǧڵĲĲ֮һŴرҲī崫ͳĲ䡣


1227 Ĵ
һɽ֮ڣһŸߴǧ׵ĻͩһͩΧȼڵī֮ס
ǻ֮ͩ£һǹµĻƣǻ֮ͩϵĻ治ա
㣬ˣ
㣬ǴʲôóԵģ

һ̤ɽ֮ڣһīС㻶˹
ɨЩ˹īСһĨâóɫʣÿһʶ弶ϵϡ
弶ϵȵĴڣ֮оѾšһҲѵóһī֮УȻһ弶ϵϵţȻЩȡ
˭
һĿ࣬òͷ֮»Ƶ˹棬һĨ⣬
սһλˡ֣İҹǿ߻ɱһ
սɫʲôȻɱ˾ҹŵˣǴˡ۹֮һǰҹŸǾ֮еľÿһԱǾӵܡ澹ȻɱǣΪǲлץ׸ܹƽϢǵŭ𡣡
浭һЦĮĿһУһ˿˿ɱѾ
üһȵסڣսǣīĺѡ㾹ȻҪīĺѽȥǴȥӴԺ󣬻˭Ը⵱īѣ˭Ըī壿ұ죡
ǸīŮҲ˶սŭĿӡ
һת¶Цݣߣ棬ȥһĴϡ
΢΢һЦɽһȥ
սɫòĶıӰһĨԹ֮ɫԥһᣬһȥ
һһһһɫۣķԸУͬһųˮһޱȵŮվһڻ֮ǰ
һڻ֮ϻһֻīˣȼī֮ףɢһɿԷղ񷣬һеĿֲѹ
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һǹ֮ڣһһŮĻе
׵ĳŮĸףҲī˲Ĵٿɿɡ
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Уһ֮У꿰߲ҩԵȣ
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һ½ֱӱڻУҧȥ
һޱȵӡЩӡͬðĴڣ֮ӿᴩ壬ջصڡ
ÿһöӡᴩ壬о΢΢һȣñм֡
ɽ֮⣬һŰɫƷսʿֳɫǹīǿɨš
Щīǿ߼ԦһЩŰɫƷսʿϯȥȴǴŰɫƷսʿ׵ס
ֻвʮīǿ߼ԦĻܹմЩŰɫƷսʿķ֣ʮּѵ˶Է
һֻ׵ѩսգսļװǰվһĿ࣬𷢱ۣӥĿǣһ˺۵ӡ
ٿɿһһ˺۵Ӷʱɫʧе֮һҹžųĦ׶٣ôҵ
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һ֮Զ֮īǿֱӱķѣһƬɢء
սһ֮˳ܵĦ׶ٵǰһֺõĦ׶ٴˣ֮ԼٿɿɺǶҵŮˡ
Ħ׶һĨϷ֮ɫЦûǴŮˡҾʳԣ
սϲһֺãлˣлˣ
Ķսҧгݵսû뵽Ȼ㱳ǣ
ٿɿ֮ҲŷŭޱȵĻ档
īƬѾ಼ãͽȫϮ֮ʱֱӳ롣
սЩŤЦ֮һ֪ҵ
һֱֻ۴սһ´̳ᴩսţֱ˳
սһʹŤŵŤͷһͿĦ׶һϷʵĿ
ҳŵ͸㡣ѾʵԼĳŵѾˣǾˡ
Ħ׶һЦһ˦սͬһֱ˦һߣĶٿɿ¶һ˿˿̰֮ɫٿɿɣµһˣҴûǹ죬ҾҪɱˣŮ¼ļŮԱ֮𣡣
㲻óѵģ
ٿɿ֮һĨᶨĬģһī֮һΧ֣ͬ仯Ϊһͷޱȵī˴ſֲޱȵĻĦ׶ȥ
ī֮ףٿɿɣѾǶʮǰˡҵǰ̫ˣ
Ħ׶һĨ֮ɫһ֣һɫĹֱչһɫĴڱβ񷣬ٿɿֱһ
һɫĴҫٿɿɻī˻ͳͳϨֱһٿɿɾ˽ȥ


1228 
ٿɿӡҫһǻͩޱȵĹ
ǻ֮ͩһӿƬƬĻ棬γһֻˣ̺ŷһеĿֲΰĦ׶ֱϯ
īĴ֮ͩһеıԶʱڣһбһ˲ٿͷϧѾԶʱˡīѾˣ
Ħ׶һЦһ֡
һҳ׵ѩս֮УһħսȻ֣ӡħ֮ҫһɫĹǻͩ
ǰɫ֮£һŻͩγɵĻһңʧ
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ٿɿɼһĻ֮һĨʧе
ǻͩīһеرӻīһӹһһεΣաͩȻһħѹƣֱ˷˼Ħ׶ǾĴ֮һҲ˼ѹסǻͩ
ܾȣķڲϵı仯ѾԶʱǿưԵˡֻӦʱ仯ǣˣ
Ħ׶һЦһ٣Ǳһŵٿɿɱֱȥ
԰ҧˣ֣Ⱦ裬Ⱦī壡
á
ǳڽ淨滺۾Ħ׶ٿһۡ
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浭һЦʶʱ磬һȱټ߹צĦ׶٣·Чңҵ߹ҾһӦøоңҽã볼Ҳʸ񣡡
Ħ׶ǾĴ֮һҹŵľų֮каԵֻȼܹͷЩܹͷĴҲͿƽദûҪԷ߹УҲһС
Ħ׶ŭЦҵ߹ǺôĿǾҿ㵽ʲô£ܹҳ
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һֻɫľǹɫ䣬ѵˣСģǰɫ񣬾ԶҲɱħǹ
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ٿɿǰɫĶ档
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Ħ׶еİɫشͨʥʿֱܹ졣
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ЩīսʿǿǰҹžһޱȵըѣжһĨãȻ֮ɫ
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Ħ׶Ǳϥӣ֮һĨ֮ɫҪĶ㻹ǰҹŵľų
ȱʹã㵱ҵ߹ˡ
浭һЦָһţһеֱӷɳһ´Ħ׶ٵ֮ڣʮֹĲĦ׶ٵ֮ϡ
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棬޷áɫ֮Ҫҵʯ񱻷ӡĵطҪ֡
ֻҪܹһΪãѰİޱȣӵиܼķ򣬻ӵԶʿһмֵ磬ȻܷŹ
ٿɿ΢΢ɫ䣬һԥ֮УȨҧˣīֻƬɽҰ֮ƽƽ
Ħ׶پվɨٿɿһۣһĨһЦһȺ֪ץסĴ
֮һĨ֮ɫˣԸ׷ΪЧֻϣ֮󣬸īһƽʸ񡣡


1229 Ԫ½
浭һͷƽī彫ܹöȨǾҪǶҵжҪȨͱ븶ۡ
īȻͬӵжֵòǶ˵ī廹ˣֻҪãѡ£ΪУǾĵˡ
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΢΢һݵǣˣ
ȥټԸ׷ҵˡ
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תԼ˹ȥ
һ֮еīһмǧˣֻʮī˸˹Ǹī˴󲿷ֶ֮ǰȹһꡣ
ˣһô
һУǰɫս¡һһε֮£ֱӷ˹
Ǿ˵İս
սһҵ۸ߴǧ˰ʮԪ

·īǿǿһսһĨ֮ɫ
۹֧侨Ԫ½ǷеĻҶѾ½ͨá⾣֮һ׽ֻҪһԪǮǧ˰ʮڶЩīǿ˵ֱһ֡
浭ϴ
Ħ׶ɨīǿһ۵ˣһҰսҲҪһʮ˲ܹȫȻѷսȫǸûмʻս
սĶսֻоϸѵǿ߲ܹʻī˶ɽ洫вƣûĽϵĦ׶ٵжһЩҰä
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һǰսָһţǡס֮һе룬ûս֮ڣѸٵĽսһС
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һҰսյĿƼٴһµ̨ףܹһܹáסٴν
һҰս΢΢һ΢΢һԭֱӷ
Ħ׶һĨ֮ɫȻһ˾ܹһҰս̫ˡֱ˵֮ǵʼ棬ֱܡ
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ǴӪ֮ڣǾսʿǿ֮еս۷׷ס
սǾ֮ս۸߰ޱȣҲӵвʮңͨսʿҲֻܹƵ֮п
ǰҹžųĦ׶٣ѾЧΰʥˡ1034ʦŵսʿǣѡһһͬЧΰʥˣһͬ硣һ֣ڣǵѡɣ
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Ħ׶ѹɱ
1034ʦָӲ֮Уһŭ
1034ʦŵսʿǶ׷׾еľǹյĦ׶ֱȥ
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ӿһ˿˿۹˾ȻѾǿֵزֲֿսѾ˳֣ٹʮ꣬ǶǵĶˡ
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һӣ
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ӵһҰսҲˡ

ǾԪ½֮˶ֻſ³ҲһЩͶ·ɳеķȥ
ķӦҲΪңǰҹŵһʱ䱻ֽ⣬еľٶ顣ͬʱѸٵĽͳ˧ššֱӵʮıɳеķȥ
һɳдԼٹҵһУʮǵн⡣
ǵϿգŶʮҰ輶ս֮⣬һٶҵȼԵ͵㼶ս
֪۵İ輶սʮңһ³˶ʮҰ輶սǾƵ۹ĵ̡
ֻоĴǲ֪ھ֮ڣһٶҰ輶սֻҪԸ⣬ͿԽһٶҰ輶սͶս֮С
һһ׵֮еս֮м۶ɳ˵еһ޴Ӫ֮ڣָӲǰͣ¡
һɫ׵ս֮Уһһͷɫ̷һɫƷԸл𱬣˫弸ƷƣӨʳľŮǿָӲķȥ


1230 
ȣˣ
ָӲ֮УһĿ࣬ͬһֻ޴ܣһɫƷ۾΢΢һ
ü΢΢һ֮͸¶һŨŨζ³࣬Ħ׶Ǹ׳ôͶǸҰˣ
ͬ޴ܵӾŵľų³ࡣ
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һĸߴ󣬴һɫƷʲһЦĦ׶ٵӱȫɵһҰսҲֱӽɻΪ˻ȥҡβΪūΪ߹
ɫƷӾǿŵľųĪˡ
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·ʮ򾣼ľӢսʿÿһ˵϶һ͸İɫսףսױſһɫһޱȵ֮£ֱա
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Ħ׶վ󣬼һĻһĨ֮ɫ̫ˡ죬ѾƳ˿ֲرǿȫΪЧֻ»ٴΪµ塣
³࿴֮ʮͷ޵еīǿһĨ֮ɫīˣôǿ󣿡
Īž׵Ĺâҧϵսررû˵ΪƵر̫ˣ̫ˡǳԽԶʱǿĿֲ
ҲҧֻʮˣôǿҲʮ⡣
սķǿޱȣǵֵֹͬʮΧܹһҰսĵľ
˾ЩƼ֮󣬶ҵܴ󡣡סһĽ췽ѾȷڸýЩˣϧڵС类ӡȻһֻеžܹȫߡ
濴ЩīŮı֣¶һ˿֮ɫָһţӡҫһɺڶȻ֡
ɳ֮ɳ֮лٶ˿ѷɫ߲ʥҩЩʥҩ֮ѾĲַ򣬿ԶԼɰ塣
һɿֲ׵֮ɺڶ֮дŵսʿֱȥ
ŵսʿһͬҳһ㱻Ǻڶ֮ڣŵսʿһǸɺڶûϢͳͳɣһ߾߸ʬ
ŵսʿȥرǿÿһҲֻдʿҵĳ̶ȡkеľǹӵ˺ʥߵǱȴޱȣ޷ֵɺڶɺڶѾԴ
ɫеס֣ˣžųȣͶ飡ҵĲһ
ȵĻһŵսʿͬһ֮׹䵽ϣӹһ١
³·һ²˼ʮס֣ˣžų³࣬ͶŹŵսʿ
ĪҲοЦˣǿžųĪˣǿͶ
һɺڶһʧûС
ǰ׾ս֮һ·ɳ˴ԭ1034ʦŵսʿ·ŵķȥʼձŵսʿ
ձŵսʿ֮󣬶ʱǾ֮ĴɨʼһһС
ÿһУ涼ܹ֮л߲ʥҩÿһ춼ڲϵĽ


1231 ڶöĦʯ
ĴŸ𣬵ݣ
ݣ
ľݣͷƲɵ
1037űݻ٣

һϢǾԪ½Ϣ֮дԪ½Ϊ֮ڡ
ǾԪ½֮һӵǿĿƼѹԶʱʥߡطѾ仯֮У۹֮⣬ûж֡
Ǿžݻ٣ֱ漣
Ħ׶١ȡ³ࡢĪǿߵͳ˧֮£ԭĴŵĲбΪ׵Ľʮ֮еϣֱӹݡ
ŲҰͶ֮˷׷Ͷ
ɳһ֮УμˡһڷͫһǺڷ֮ͫжеӢŮûһˡ
һڷͫɢһ˿˿溣Ŀһһõߣʥ棬ôļӣȻǵһСʱ
һڷͫԵΪϳɵüͷһȵףסڣ
˿ֱӷƸգǴϵĶӣ嶼ҵģƾʲôô˵
Ƹȵһγʹŵҡٷϻ͸ҹȥȷʵǴϵĶӡɲǴϵĳ壬г˵ĳ壡
һĨŭɫܺãƸգ㾹Ȼô˵Ҽסˣ
ŮǳϵĶӳףʲô֣
ײٸƸӲ¶һḡЦݣһһһɫƤףԸл𱬣ò޾ףɢһɱϢŮ˹ȥ
ڷͫŮɨ˳һһﲻ
һһĨŭһ±ñޱȣȻҲң֣һΪΪ۵ġ
ʲôҵĵҰ
һ洫ǻ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
ӻֱŮȡ
Ĵ֮УĦ׶ȻƷӣȴǿһˡæ첻ڴϣݵĸ
ʥǳϵĶӳסúܲҵĸ׺㣡˵ȱ֣ǳ㡣ǻɳϣݣŰɣ
ɨߵһۣһ˿һţŸ߸ϵİָһһŽɫҳƽƽȥ
ЩȵĿ˳һۣͬڿһ׳գǳ壿յǿ֮һ仰ҪҵһУûɣ
˵ɲ⡣ڣҲڳ֮ӵԼءĴȨ󣬿һ۹Ļʵۻͳ
䵭װ׳һƤҡ
ǣϣ
֮кâһһ³һֻʵľǹ˳ֱӿ۶
׹ҫһ׵ųֱӺȥ
ǳһ¸ֳһ㷨磬ȴǿֲޱȵ׵ֱӹᴩϻɻҡ
ס֣ʥˣ
ʱǳƸյŴһԴǳǿһһ±һĶ档
һ֣һٶȫװľսʿӸطһðֳ־ǹָųƸյȳǿߣֻҪһ£ܹǿͳͳɱ
ƸæᣬᣡʥˣǳһʹŵƸաǳûΪе˼һǰΪ˰ֻҪǳˣܹɨ£ͳһ硣ı죬۹ȫܹΡһᱳġ
Ŵ֮΢΢һ˿⡣
֮һĨ⡣
Զǿ֮һû֮Ҳں⿪һƬʵǿҪǿöࡣǳһͳ罫ǲܵ顣
һЦҪҽҪһͳ磬ֻܹӵҵ־ǳҪҵѣܹóƥеҲǳˡ
ʲôˣֻҪΪЧǾҳϵĲ¡һһͬʵĶԴǡйͣйطʲôˣ۹ǿûʲôͬ
ǾľսʿĻﶼ׷һ
ӵжֵھԪ½֮ڣǿ֡ǾսʿȻȳ棬ǲ˶Ǳľѹ氵ӿֻҪ΢¶һ˿Ǿͻᷴѡ
ֱߵλ֮£ɨǳһۣ˻֣ǿˣ
Ǿսʿһ¾ǹָЩʹߡ
ЩʹΣֻܹ뿪
ʹˣʥˣ
һڷͫĸߴòһ񹧾
浭ʲô£
ǽԸ⳼ΪͳһĴҵһһ崫µĹ屦˵֮Զʱӵ¡
һ֣ޱȣ׵ĽŮֱһʯУһĨߵǰ
濴ľŮһĨ֮ɫĵĴʯУ濴һۡ
ĦʯȻĦʯ
һʯ֮еһʯͷеȫʧü֮ſϲ֮ɫ
Ħʯʯؾףӵַ˼ġסǶһöĦʯӵַ˼ӵнΪ֮Ǳ
һĦʯ֣ͿġסøǿͬʱӵиӿֲĽ
潫Ħʯֱպ¶һ˿ЦˣҺҪǽĳ⣬Ѿʲôܿ
΢΢һϲʮֹϵʥˣҵ˪ȢΪޡ
΢ЦãҴӦˡһʽȢΪޡͳһ֮󣬻Ϊ
˪ԸУޣҲһŮҲûоܾɡ
˴ϲлˣ
˪֮Ҳӿһ˿˿̺졣
ǻʲôԶʱıùҡֻҪãҾԲʹ͡
΢΢һЦһ㣬һöӡ֣һޱȵĹһû˵֮С
ڵѪһ·ڣһֲޱȵĽȻ֣ޱȵĽɫԡҲʿһ·ֱͻƵ溣֮ͻƣһͻƽΪһ𿰱ʿĶǿߡ
˸Լڵʱ¶˷֮ɫл˼Ѫ


1232 ʼ
һĨ֮ɫ鼶Ѫ֮ϣӽѪǿȻ
ʱѾӵдʥΪͨطӵлΪ棬ոิ˷˼ĳ֮Ҫһʿһ׳ΪһʿǿҲûжĿܡ
ܹ֮һһ۷ǿͻƽΪʿǿߣΪѪǿޱȣƽʹӽ֮ĵرǿޱȵҩڣֱѪܹͻѸ١
ΧһĿ⼯˵ϣҲ֮ɫ
ھԪ½֮Уʿǿ߼Ϊϡ١ĴҲ溣ǿ߼Ĵڡֻǽ˷˼رӵвʥʿǿߵ
һ׳ΪһʿǿߣһĬĬŵСһԾΪ˾Ԫ½֮ʵǿһС
΢ЦˣǽԶʱıҡҾԻḶĴۡ
һĨ֮ɫǣˣ
ܲ
ĴŶѾǾѾΣʱ̡ʲôԳԡ
һͷ׷һƣȴȻʮ־ͳı֮ϣһŵྣɨһƽ
һ۾ͷʮľüͷ΢΢һǳ߾ʮܹܲһѹ棿
ݲıķ߾ʮȻҹսԾ⣬ҲʥĶ֡ԶʱڣǿػĴڡ
Զʱڵػôܣ
طѾ仯ٵһԶʱػʥôӵ˿ֲ

ڳľ߲ɫ䣬۷׷ס
ǿԶʱػһǴʥϵĿֲǿߣܹѹķưԪ½
ĹĬһҪʥ棬ֻܹʼսˡ
᳡һ±õļžһƬһĿ˳֮С
۹֮һֱһ˵Ǿ۹֮ǿԶػսʼȻ硣
Щͨ˶˵񻰴˵ֻ۹ĸ߲֪һʵÿһ۹뽫ĵرŵָļ̳֮ڣ̳ͨ׸۹ʼ档
Щ̳̺֮ޱȵ۹ĿѧνԽЩ̳ˡ
۹ĿƼһԼоһҲǵЩڲ֪طʼָŻǿ졣
һҪʼսͱ붯ʥͨʼ档ʥֱ۹գ۹Ҫͬ⶯ʥ֪Ҫʱ䡣ʱ̫ʥ潫Ǿȫݣ涼ûɡ
۹⾨Ԫ½֮໥ɱѾ߰꣬߰ɱ֮۹ѾѪ໥ޣ໥ӡɳ⽻ʹڽ⽻Ҫ˵۹ҲҪٵʱ䡣
ͳⰴһťǽɣ
һۣòΪӢԼһۣԵʮָһ߽
۵΢΢һЦǰʹ¡ͳѾҹʥ֮ӡǰֻҪͬ⣬ͿԶҹʥ﹵ͨΰʼ档
۵ޱŸ߸ϵǹ۹ʹ߿׸Ƕ࣬ʵ۱µѾҹʥ֮䡿ʹʥ﹵ͨΰʼѹʥаҰˡ
ͳһЦλʥ̳֮ھҪȥͨʼ棬ʼ֣ѹʥ
һȰ˵ͳˣٿһ¡֣ľӣ˵ϣѹ档
Ҫͨ۹ʼ棬Ҫʥ۹֮һϴѪ
۹ͳʼǵֱϵѪҲǵĴѪᡣʼ֣ζǽҪ䡣
ͳһĨʥĹƽھͳʱ򣬾ģҪΪһСҼԼŵԵʱˡ꣡
꣡
Ǵ֮Уеľ߹ٶ
ͳοһЦȥ
̳֮һֱ۹գֲ۹׶ĵĵطܵصػ
̳֮ڵأһռǧĹ㳡ǧĹ㳡룬һߴŰףӡɢŽصļ̳
ľսʿֱֳػ̳֮Χ
֮зʮҰսٶսԼٶҾͺŵս
ÿ궼սͺŻֱͶʹãЩͺŵսҲᱻֱշһս£Щͺŵսͬᱻãγһǿޱȵս
ΰʼ棬Ѫϵϣǵ
ͳӴ̳ǰš
ʥ֮ӡ֮䡿֮䡿ǶǼ̳·ӡҫһ˿˿ޱȵĹԡ
һپʮŮһкޱȵĵرǼ̳Ʒĵط
һħ彵ٵ磬Ҫͳһ磬ݻٹļ̳ӶһС
ΰʼ棬磬аħѹɣԸһУĽ٣
Ǿͳ֮һޱȵĹֱ·һڤڤ֮еĴš
һޱȵĳ֮и֣һ˫۾ޱȵĳ֮Įžͳһۡ
Զʱڵûɱ𣿡
һпƬ֮лصһ˿˿ֲޱȵĲ˫֮
һ͸Ӱޱȵĳ֮΢΢һصĳӶʱһҡ
ڻûеʱ򡣰ȥЩԶŵͳͳɱ
˫۾һ±պϣʱⳤ֮ڡ
ǣˣ
ʱⳤ֮Уһ¸ֳһʯֱӿѣһɫĹâڤڤ֮еķûա
̳֮֮Уͳһޱȵ֮£һ¸ɱ񣬻ҽ
Ԫ½֮ڣһһʼֱϵѪ΢΢һһֵıһһУһ߾ߵĸʬջҽ
һǼ̳֮и֣ͨڤڤ֮еĿռ䡣
һ𷢱ۣĿ࣬òͷ֮ӡͷϳһɽǣһɫսףֳһɫǹǿ߻֡


1233 ս
ΰʼ㲻࣡
Ǽ̳֮£۹ĹһӦǿŵĿֲϢ׷׹ڵϡ
жһĨ֮ɫ
۹ʼ۹֮Уһػܵ˵ĳݺ;۹֮ж۹ʼ档
һ۹ʼǼ̳֮н٣һ˫ۣ˫֮صӡҫ
һֻɫһ۹ʼ֣һ֮Ԫ½Ӷȥ
ɳһľͥ԰֮Уһ֮ϣ߰һУΧһޱȵӡ
⾨Ԫ½ޱȣ֮·綼Ȼͬһڸܼܼз֮еӵ㡣
⾨Ԫ½֮УӵʥҩЩʥҩȻȲ֮ȴֻѷһÿһöʥҩ̺Ÿܼķ򣬶ĴʥʿӵЧǽ淨Կס
ÿһöʥҩʵ᲻ϵǿʱƶѾȫָұñȹȥӵǿ
ڿңǾ׶֮ǣǿһۼǿߣ
Ŀ΢΢һ˫֮һĨ˷֮ɫֳޱȵӡԶȥһ۾ͿǰȻվ֮еľ׶һʼ档
һǰһһ¿ԽȻǾ׶ȥ
̳֮Χ֮һҫһʳһ³֮С
岽ʮ
岽ͿԽʮľ룬ڴ˵ء
һòһӾĿ滺ʥ棡Ƕĵһ񽫷Ѷϵ˹
ƽʥ棡
棬ʥ棡
Ȼʼǰ·硣ǿ󡣡
ͳˣ

·Ǿĸ߹Ƕĵ棬ſ־ŭĻ档
Ѷϵ˹һĨ͵Ĺâ壿Ȼ㲻ǳ塢ī塢壬ô֮䲢ûʲôԹʵǶ壬ҿһ۹
΢΢һЦһ۹Ѷϵ˹ҵĿ½Ƕ廹˳Ԫ½ɣ
Ԫ½һλֵʮλ涼ҪҪö̺࣬޾ܡ
߲ĵر٣ܹεסһ½ܹ½֮лޱȵԴܹʥߣʥǿߡ
ǿȥսɣֻҪܹңԪ½ˡ
Ѷϵ˹һЦ΢΢һΣֱӻһǿ֮зȥ
΢΢һΣڷѶϵ˹ǿշȥ
滹ǷѶϵ˹Ը⾨Ԫ½֮н֡
ʥϵǿ⾨Ԫ½֣Իɽѣռ俪ѣȾ
ǾԪ½ԴǿޱȣѶϵ˹ｻȻὫԪ½飬ȴܹԪ½һ˼ⶼǿϣ
һƬտޱȣ뾨Ԫ½ǿ֮С
â΢΢һһ³Ƭǿ֮С
棬һΡǼҶ壬Ҫ
Ѷϵ˹ɫս׹âҫޱȵӡƣӳĵĶ档
һĨȵս⺮ҵѡǽնɱ
ڤ粻飬Ȼˣȥɣ
Ѷϵ˹ɱһǰһӡҫֳǹһ̡
ɫǹâҫɷԲγһɫĹ̺Źᴩһеɷȥ
ָһţһɺڶȻ֣ŤգѹһУɫǹһ
ɫǹһɺڶ֮ϣɫҫ˲Ϣ֮ᴩ˺ڶֱӴȥ
һꪡֱ֮Ӹ֣ӡҫʮѿգʮۺһһɫâɫǹ֮ϡ
¡
ʮֱ飬ֲޱȵһ󼤵һ춯صıը֮
ǿֲޱȵķ֮֮£Ѷϵ˹˫˫ɳ￪⡣
ۼرԭˣӵһۼرֲʥ͸ҡ
Ѷϵ˹ɨһۣһĨ֮ɫһЦۼرȻУȴ鰵Ͷ޷ӳkȫɱ㣬kˣ
Ѷϵ˹кâһϵİɫսһ¸ֳޱȵӡһŰɫǳ֣һ˿˿ֲ׵ڵk֮
ԲʮͳͳѶϵ˹գƿء
Ѷϵ˹ֳǹһǹ̳̮ѹһС
ԲʮγһС棬ȫų棬ȴеӳڷѶϵ˹ϡ
ӡҫֳ֡ꪡһʩչطݻγʮɫ̫ŷѶϵ˹ȥ
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Ѷϵ˹ս鼫Ϊḻһ֣淢˿籩Ĺ
ֲޱȵɫâҫһɫǹâûϵĴ棬˺ˡסķϴ̳һ󶴡
ǰۼǿߣڵ̬ͨҪ⣬԰쵽ڶ̬
һĨâӡҫסһ½ڶ̬ޱȵӡǡס֮и֣һɿֲޱȵǡס֮ӿûڡ
ƣ
ǡꪡһ´̳ųޱȵĹԣʮٴţۺһһ´ɫսì֮ϣֲޱȵһѶϵ˹ɳ˰￪⡣
ôܣһʥôܻǿ󣿡
Ѷϵ˹֮һ𺧣ʧе
Уڶֻ̬ܹƽɫҪܵk뿪̬̬
кâǡסâҫһɺڶȻ֣ɺڶ֮еӰһ¸ֳʹڡǡսסսꪡԪرӰ
һ̤ޱȵӰںϣһֱӴ̳
һɲ֮һŤĹߡɫԡɺڶʱӢӰȻ֣ԾԵʮŷѶϵ˹ȥ
ıӣ
Ѷϵ˹ɫ䣬һθовؿڵһ׹һ·ſӡҫγһҫʥԵıӻ
ıһرǶ۴Ѷϵ˹ıرۼǿ߹һʱ֮ҲԴⶼıӻ
ǡꪡᴩһУ˺Ѳ񷣬һ˶ı֮ϣһըѿԷһеɫһ¸ıӻ
ıӻꪡ̳һ󶴡


1234 ɰ
ǿǶӻۼǿҲԹƵıӻȻ̳һֻһʥʥڵĴڡʲôʱ򣬱ǿˣ
Ѷϵ˹һĨ֮ɫоס
ǶӻǶۺķ˾޴ԴƶɵĶرҲǶ۰ʱڵĻ֮ǷѶϵ˹ǵkµĵһ񽫣kܻر
һɺڶȻ֣ӡҫǶӻĽ硣
ڸʱĶӢǷ׷׸ޱȵĹâ־ޱȵսӿڣÿһ̺žסǧսŷѶϵ˹ȥ
סˡս֮ꪡսʤס֮󣬲һ¥ͬʱҲӵֵۼرȨ֮һӢٻӢںϡ
սǷѶϵ˹ҪѷںӢ֮սȱεѹס˷Ѷϵ˹
ʥҳʵǿҪά̬ľԲСֻҪȵֲ֧ȥܹʤǿӮҵأԪ½ƽΣ
Ѷϵ˹ͬһɫս׺ףͷ϶Ƕӻţÿ̳һǹ̺ı仯Ӳס˵̬湥
ܹסҽĹôԪ½Ǿƽ֣̬
кâһȫޱȵӰںһ𣬴Ħʯ֮ԴԴϵӿӴޱȵûڡ
ӡһ¸֣һһйߣ·ܹһĿֲڶȻ֣ŷѶϵ˹ֱײȥ

Ѷϵ˹ɫ䣬ƾų֪ǿֲޱȵĺڶ֮иоΣգӡҫһɫǹԶֱӴȥ
ǵɫǹ֮ǰһͳͳֱӹᴩ˲Ϣ֮ɳʮ
ɺڶȴһ˲ţһ֮ŵһֲޱȵ֮һڷѶϵ˹ϣ÷Ѷϵ˹ٶһ±ûޱȡ
ԴԴϵԴӷѶϵ˹֮б룬ֱûڡ
Ѷϵ˹һĨâɫĹâ֣һӡûϷĶӻ֮ڡ
ǶӻõѶϵ˹ӳ֣һ¸ֳصӡεסе
ʮöɫԲһ·ɳͬһ֧һǶӻĸڵ֮ڣޱȵ⣬γ˵ڶؽ磬סѶϵ˹Դš
ɺڶ֮Ӵޱȵ֮Ƕӻ֮ϣԴԴϵĳȡŶӻɵõӴ˵Ǳˮн
Զʱµĵһ񽫣Ӧȷ̬̫Ҳ޷ά̬̫áǽֻһˣȷʵ޷κε㡣ǰֻһˣ
һĨ֮ɫǷѶϵ˹սḻޱȣһ۾Ϳĵ̬޷־áֻҪѶϵ˹ܹס淴ᱻǡסֱɸʬ
һռ΢΢һһ¸֣һƬļµĻеŷѶϵ˹ֱȥ
ЩһǶӻ֮һ¸һӡ
ЩѾй΢ӦһĻҾܼķǿøӿֲѾԶԶԽԭƼķ롣
ЩһǶӻĽ֮е̺ͬˮһֱк

Ѷϵ˹ɫ˲䣬kĸ֪ԼҲʧǶӻֱɡ

Ѷϵ˹кâһһеǹһɫĹâһ̳һ˲̳һʮǹ
һʮǹһʮֻϣֲޱȵɫһ½ʮֱֻƬ
㶯ˣϧֻҪټһᣬ˵ǾͻƽճȻ㶯ˣǾͿȥˣ
ɺڶ֮д泩ĴЦ֮
һعޱȵӡӷѶϵ˹򿪵ʥӻ֮и֣һմ˷Ѷϵ˹ϡ
һޱȵӡâҫһУŷѶϵ˹Դ
⣡
Ѷϵ˹ɫ䣬ĬģһɫԻһǹЩӡֱӴȥ
һǹӡ֮ϣһӡơ
ǧӡⶼıӻ֮ڣŷѶϵ˹һˡ
Ѷϵ˹˲䱬һɫҫеɫǹһ´̳ΣһӡֱӴơ
һ˲䣬ӻһ±еɺڶա
Ƕӻһ˲䣬Ѷϵ˹Դţûǿֲޱȵɺڶ֮ڡ
Ѷϵ˹Һ㡣ֻҪ㷢ģҳơҾͿһ
ɺڶ֮Уһ»ص
ܣ棬ҷѶϵ˹һѾҪ׸ΰĶۣҾԲ㳼ȻɱңôǾͬھɣ
Ѷϵ˹˫֮âҫһȣӡ֣һȼҫɫĻ档
һɲ֮䣬Ѷϵ˹ȼһɫսǹһǰᴩգȥ
кâһһ̺ӢսꪡһֻޱȣԹᴩһеĽȻɳŷѶϵ˹ɫսǹֱӺȥ
Ѷϵ˹ɫսǹһս֮ϣսֱӺ飬ǽ֮ϣǽֱӻƣͬ˲һ㣬һ³ǰһǹؿڣᴩˡס̴ࡣ
һɲ֮䣬޾ɫֱըѿͼ˺Ƭ
ǡס֮йâҫֲޱȵ֮һ±ǿֲɫԡ
ϧûΪնɱˣ
Ѷϵ˹һĨϧ΢ЦɫĹ֮лҳʧ
صɺڶһ±һԣѪֱӿȳǱѶϵ˹ᴩҲճһ󶴣һεδʥ֮Ѫϵա
һµĵˣ
濴ŷѶϵ˹ʧĵط¶һ˿˿⡣
ǷѶϵ˹ûѡȼԼսȥԻᱻɵһɶ޷˵ֺ
ɷѶϵ˹ʮֹϵȼԼʩչƴطһͽشҲܵ˲С˺
ҵѾﵽԲ̶ȣѶϵ˹ƴһҵҪʮָܹ
΢΢һɨһĨ֮ɫ
ǰۼǿȼ귢ƴһףȻ̬Сס壬Ȼkش
Ѷϵ˹
һڤڤռ䣬ޱȵʱ֮Уһ˫۾˷ŭһ·صһƬ֮


1235 ͳһԪ½
һֲޱȵʱⳤӶһ˿˿
ʱⳤ֮Уâҫһӡ֣γһֲޱȵһ˿˿Ǹ֮
ǸСһָֻʱⳤ֮⡣
һֻ·̺޾غͷָһ뿪ʱⳤӵıӻʱˢһ㣬һ±øɱޱȡ
ɶʱûе겨Ҽסˣ
ʱⳤ֮Уһɱһ˫ޱȵ˫Ҳʵıϡ
̳֮ܲ
һҫֱ¿һ˿ơ
ʥ棡
Ȼʼ»ˡ
ʥ棬Ȼţô˵ʼѾˣ
ôܣʼôܣ

Ǿ߹ǿŴ֮߳棬һжžֺ;֮ɫ
˵۹˾޴ٻʼ治Ѿ䣬ѾСһ֣۹˵൱֮֡
һ޴ޱȵٻ̳ͨͬؿռ䡣ʾ۹ʼԴӻ½ǿ֮󣬷׷ʧӦ˯֮Уȴʱĵ
壬ʿ֮ȫû˵Ҳû˵Ĵڡʱ䣬彻һ¡
һ٣Ǽ̳֮ϵʥֱӷС
һ̳֮һ±޹⣬ʧȥг֮
Ȼ֣һֱ̳֮ȥ
Ǿ˾Ŀ֮Уһͨʼ̳֮㱻һա
Ǿĸ߹ǾĿ̳֮ɣûһ˸ս档ʼǿ˶ʮǻʼ棬ǾĴڣսҲֻǰװˡ
ٻʼѾɱˣӽҾǾԪ½ˡͶɣľȥ
վ֮У·ľ߹ǣ
Щĸ߹Ǵ󲿷ֶֻ»ʿҵΪʿĴڡ֣ЩսʿҲĶ֡
ԭ¡Ը⳼ʥˣΪЧ
ԭ΢΢һ̾ϥڵϣ
ԭˣԸ⳼ʥˣΪЧ

ǾͳѾдĸ߹Ƕʮ۹ѾûǸվڰ֮еˡ
һ֣֮һץָһţһռҫĦ׶ԼµİҹűֱӳƬ֮С
Դ۹İҹűֱӽɢ֮Ħ׶پͿʼؽҹţѾ׿гЧ

ôط

ǰҹŵսʿһһ˻֮С
Ħ׶ٲĴ֮һһ·ӦһϣٻҵǰʲôԸ
Ǿ׶Ѿҡܹľ𣿡
ũҵǶͶˣ
Ħ׶ٿ·ǾĴ΢΢һ΢΢һ¶һ˿ޱȵ顣
ھ֮УĦ׶ȻĴ֮һͳҹŵľųĵλЩĴﻹҪһء
Щȥ߸ϵĴǶԼĽ£Ħ׶г˳ޱȵĸо
Ħ׶ٹϵϣֻ֧ҪͶˣټҵİҹţƿľơ
ͽˣ
ǰһһģ˲ԭʧ
׶̳֮ڵλã֮һ΢΢һһ̤֮
ʲôˣ
Ϯ

Ǽ̳Χפһ±淢˹
Ĺͬһȥ
һ㣬һɺڶһ¸ֲ֣ޱȵ֮·פһ
̳֮ľפͬһ㱻ɺڶ֮Уһҳء
һ֣ױֱ̳֮ȥһ̳֮
ôܣôôǿˣ
ڻٵ̳̳֮֮ٵˣʼϵжˣ
ô

Щĸ߲ͨرһʱ俴̳̳֮֮һĻһĨ֮ɫ
ٻʼѾɱ̳֮ҲᱻȫٵһȥԼǣ
浭һ䣬һʧ
һ֮ڣŰͳĸ߲㣬Щ߲һɫʮѿ
۹ưԾԪ½ǰ߲ҲǸ߸ϵĴĴǸǿҲвǵȴһ޵еĿֲڣİǵȻг𺳡
˵ѣʼ޵Уôܻᱻɱ
û취ͨʼ档ʼ潵٣һԴǻɱǸ
û

ǻ֮ڣĸ߲һ۷׷ס
ͳɫȴûκκתһľȻ
Ȼ֮䣬һɫͨѶʯڰͳһ°ɫͨѶʯ֮ϣʱɫ䣬·һ²ϵļꡣ
ĹһĨ֮ɫͳˣʲô飿
֮һһƬž֮УһĿҲڰͳϡ
ͳޱȵɹĽʼٻʼʥԼսգֻʥһ˻һٵ˾̳֮
ǻ֮УһƬţĸ߹жһĨ֮ɫ
۹ʼ۹ĵƣҲ۹֧Ǵ˵֮ӵ޵ʼ涼У۹Ҳûз֮
ûãһɫͨѶʯٴ𣬰ͳһ°ɫͨѶʯ֮ϡ
ͳ۹̳֮Ѿʥݻ٣ʼ湵ͨѾȫնϡ۹ѾͶ
һĸ߹ԥһҧҲ˰ɣʥҲ壬г塣
һ߹Ҳ͵û˰ɣʥʵ̫ǿˡܹĴڣ
ǻ֮һһͶ֮
ͳһĻ΢΢һ̾е·𱻳һ㣬ֱ̱λϡ
һ֮󣬾Ͷʥͬһʱ۹ҲϢ档
󣬰ͳҲԣʥ
Ԫ½һ±ȫͳһ
۹Ͷ֮۹أһ±ҡ۹ѪǶҾγһɹƺƴҡ


1236 ѹ
Ѿ࣬˶һȺ丯Ĵ档ǾȻǵУǿ˳Ҫǽ¼塣Բ̡ܹ
ǾĴͳʼ߹ѪֵǣǸ߾ģⸯƷһȫµ꣡
һ»棬һžУվһݽ̨֮ϴĹĶ
꣡
ݽ̨·ǧսʿҲ˷뻮һĴ
¼壡˵ǽ𣿡
һâԶһҰսɲ֮ʹӰɵ»صϷ
Ǵһսסͬһɫֳһɫսꪴǰս֮зɳȻĸ·ľսʿ
˵һǧšսסĽսʿһ޵Ŀ·ľսʿ
ɱЩ¼֣Ԫ½ǵĴ½
ǾУһһ¸ֳһɫսףһ¸ֳһʵľǹ֮һɨ䡣
·ԭսʿҲֳ־ǹ֮еĽǿ߷
һȺϣǰɣ
һĨâϵġսסâҫһֻ貽ɫԵľ޴Ȼ֣һƬƬɫëǽǾսʿȥ
һƬƬɫëͬһǾսʿϣ׾ٵĹᴩǾսʿĻ֣kֱճɻҡ
ĽǿϵġսסҲâҫγһɫĽֵǾǹ
ЩǹһǹܹһͨĽսʿɥʧսǡսסֲףЩǹҪǹܹսס
ЩԭսʿǽֻüһǹͱЩսʿȻֱնɱ
ǾУһ𺧣ؽеôܣôЩ¼Ұ壬ôǿر
ԶǿѪǿƣر۹¡۹ʼָ֮¿ַ˼رÿһǿޱȣǰ輶սսӵвʥߵƻ
ǽװŵرÿһףԶԶ۹֮ϣǾУ𺧡
ʥ˵ΰЩܹģ
һĨ֮ɫһЦľ޴һչᣬɫëһγһɫսֱն䡣
Ǿر޵Уǿر
ǾУ˫һĨ֮ɫһһ֣һɫĹȻɳӭǣ仯γһɫĴ˾ȥ
ѾЧˣ
һĨһɫսһնͬһ㽫ɫĴնѣ˳նǾУϡ
һѪߴǾУü£һ֮䣬ֱһΪʬڵϡ
˼һĻһĨ֮ɫУҲˣ
һУ˵Ǵ嵱긶˾޴ޱȵĴۣ˲ŽһУԼֱһСӼ
ǧսʿһǧսʿΧ֮£ȴǲһ
˿Ƿ׷ͶľսʿһĨɱڣЩѵͳͳɱ
ǽǿǶһĨɱĽЩͶѾսʿȫ
ûһ»֮еѾֱӽûһڡ
ԭڵһ»档
ϴǾ׵ġīսסͬһŮսһվǾ»֮ڡ
Ǹ»֮ڣȼ޷Ϩī֮ףһ߾Ѿʬ塣
һüΪīŮߵǰһ˷ޱȵųһǧʮѾѾȫҾֻʮ˸ˣ
ī嵱ҲǱ۹׷ɱ·µţֻܹɽ浱Ұ˵塣Ͷֱ֮ӳī˾ţīˣѾǧϵīǿߡ
һ죬Ȼȥѹһ·Ѿ
īŮӦǣųˣ
۹ҾֱɳĴѹǶ˶۹ǿ߱ͳޣڻûᣬЩҵĴ飬һܶԷɱ䣬ڡ
Ħ׶ĴѲΪѾṩԮĸһЩǣ浽ңᱻֱӲȫֱ
۹۶֮ǧһƲ֮Уʮǿߡ
һ𷢱ۣĿ࣬ףŹ컨ƵԶһۣĦ׶ٽȷʵ𣿡
ʮǿ֮һĹһĨҧǸʥ߹Իһ·ΪһϢˡ߹ֺúݶֵܵļ˶ͳͳ飬̫ݶˡ
۹ĵһǿ߰ʥʵȻǿᣬ۹ٹ̣֧¡ֻҪĦ׶ʥ߹ɱҪƿ۹ͱЭЩ¼ˣԲ½֡
һһߣĵڶǿ߹ˣ
һҰսԶǹ֮ȥ
֣
Ʋ֮Ǳŵʮ۹Ķǿ߷׷׳֡
һֲ׵ĹƲ֮и֣һҰսֱӺȥ
ǰս֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡγһǿޱȵķ硣
һֲ׵Ĺǽ֮ϣһǷֱӺơ
һս׵ǿһ֣ǰսֱһ̡
ǹޱȵĴһǰս֮ϣǰսʮֹֹͣ·ȫֹͣһ㡣
ɣĦ׶٣
Ʋ֮еʮǿһΧ
սŴ򿪣Ħ׶ٻ߳Ʋ֮еʮǿߣһ˿˿Ĺâ۹ĵһǿ߰֡ǿɭءĵڶǿ߹桭ĵھǿ߹ۣû뵽ΪɱңǾȻôˣ
Ʋ֮еʮǿ߶ǾԪ½֮кպǿߣÿһʵڹȥԶԶԽĦ׶١
Ħ׶٣ȻΪʥӦû뵽ôһ죡κα۹˶ֻ·һ֣
кâһʮֹϵ
۹ʮǿһ˲䶼ʩչֲֿޱȵطĦ׶ֱӺȥҪµһ߹ɱ
Ħ׶¶һ˿ЦݣһöʯЩĴ󣬾ΪУ
һѣһɺڶһ´֮и֣۹ʮǿ߾ȥ


1237 Ԫ
ҫ䣡
һĨâһһȦһ±һߴ׵ľˣһ΢΢ŤһɫâԶȥ
ϵĿһŤ˵һһޱȵĳ룬̺Ŵһнĳ֮Զȥ
ʮǿ߶оǿֲڶ׷ʩչطͼǸɺڶֵķΧ֮ѡ
ǿֲޱȵĺڶһǧʮԪ½ĶǿȫУһ̣һҳɺڶ֮Ʈ
ɺڶһʧ֮Ǿ޴ѷҲֱʧ
Ħ׶ٰȻվ֮УķһЦʥΪе³˭ҪȡĦ׶ٵ;ְܳɣ
ϣĦ׶ٵ˰սŹ֮ķȥ
֡桢ɭǶˡ
ôܣĦ׶ôǵĶ֣ʥĦ׶ٵҲʮǿֵĶ֡
ʥˣԽ޾ľ룬һͽȫɱֶΣֱ˼
ֲĦ׶ٸҴҡڵһ˵ߡ
ֻ֮Ҳû˸ҴɱĦ׶ˣ

Щ۹Ĳеһʮ۹ǿ߱ɱ֮һĻ䣬˾
սǰشɱ۹ѵһͿءЩѾͬ
ˡĦ׶ٶЩѾֺޱȸûһ˿档ȵͶǿ˺ȻҲܻãвû̫Ȩ
Ħ׶ǵһͶǿߣΪάĵλȻصΪЧԹȥͬҲ顣Ϊˡ˪Ϊµ۹Ĵͷž޴Ȩơ
Ħ׶֮£۹ѵϴһһΣѵֱɱҲĴͷѪ֮£ϱ伣
۹Χ룬һƬޱȵĺоԪ⾨Ԫֲ֮ޱȵޣв۹һǿ߶޿ƥеĺޡ
ǾԪ룬һΪԪĵ졣ǾԪҲ֮Ϊʥ֮֮
ǾԪ֮ӵ䣬ԶΪ⾨ԪƿȨ໥ɱݡ۹֮ͬΪǾԪĹɱΡ
һ׳ĺǾԪ֮кУǺֵļװ֮ϣڼװ֮ϵһ֮ϣ߻űȡԼʮ߷飬ޱȵĴŮ
Ȼ֮䣬ǾԪ֮һڣһͷ峤ߴʮףݣ˫֮ϳһԾ޴ʨһ´Ӻ֮ӿſѪڣֱҧȥ
ʮ߷ĴŮһһͷʨʱʧɫü˶һĲҽС
ʮƽˣʨԪ֮ǿ֮һ㶯ðսҲѽÿ궼гսkǴݻ١
ϰˣ
ָһһڶһ¸֣ͷʨһһɲǱ㽫ͷʨУ׾ٵĽʨԴɴ
֮һĨ֮ɫԵ̾ǴˣȻ
ʨ޾Ҳʮͷۣÿ궼ɳǿޱȵĺɱÿܹɱʨָϾѾӵһǻۡ
滹мͷصޣȻײҵĴôĵӣ
һ·һץصӡ֣һֻֻޱȵĴֱӴ˴֮С
ˮһڣͷ峤ǧףι״ľޱӺֱ֮ץ˳
һ޴ޱȵɺڶȻ֣ͷһֱӽͷ޾Сһ֮䣬ʹɺڶ֮Ʈһ˿˿ҳ
ȼһĻһĨâÿ£ͷÿһͷʵһҪǿ󣬾Ȼһжסǽʼնɱˡ
ʮ߷֮ȴֺü¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
ھԪǿƬʳ߱׵ɣһ󾪣ɢ
һ·֮ϣȻʱʱЩҪֻͧЩ޸ոտͱֱɣҳʧ
һں֮У·һ½һ㣬̺֮ĳֲ೬ֲʶĴʥûм
ǾԪӵеߵĽػ
濴ǾԪһۣ˫֮һ¸ֳصӡһ¿Ԫǿ硣
ȵԪÿһŻῪһΡֻµر߲ܹУѰұ
ر߾۹֮еĳߡһر߱ӵдʿʵر߱忰»ʿȻرװ۹ĸرܹӳսԶԶԽǱʵ
Ħ׶ǿҲֻرߣӵ溣ǼرʿǿҲδǵkǵĶ֡kǵӵлʥߵĿֲ
ܲϧң
浭һЦΧһ¸ֳһ˿˿ռȻ֣Ǹ߽һˡ
֮һ߲ķһӣֱӱ
һɹɳϢζǾԪֱ֮˷
·ζһ㣬ԾԪΪģԲ֮ڵĺһ궯⾨Ԫ
ǵģԪҵģֺαظϹҲգǵԴҲеôҾΪѵˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һָӡҫʮɺڶȻǾԪĲ֮ͬи֡
ʮɺڶ֮пֲޱȵ֮һǾԪ޵ȺСǧľԪֱӱɺڶ֮ڣеԴͳͳһա
ʮɺڶƶһУ֮·ûһ㣬ʲôﶼٴڡ
ǾԪ֮޿ʮֺڶ˿ֲ׷˱ܣǰԪ
ǾԪ֮е֮󣬽ɺڶһգ̤˾Ԫ
ǾԪ½࣡еھԪ֮ϡԪ½֮޷һʥߣ֮⣬Ϊ˽Ԫ½۵ʲô
һԪ½ĶһӦÿԻòСջ񣡣
һ̤Ԫʮĸо˹ı仯Ϊһڲͬλ洩
һһλʿһʱ͸оǾԪڲͬ
ʾݣȻô࣡
ĿΧһɨʱ۾һһƬƬɢʹâľͬӲһ㳤һƬ
ʾʿǼΪϡĳֲҲơ֮ȪҪһϡһʾʿ֮УѾֵǣһõħԹӶһ»ʿЧꡣ


1238 Խ֮Ĺʵ
濴ɽҰ·Ӳһŵʾݣ˷֮ɫ
ͬӲһʾһŵʿ֮Уһս
ǹ߲²ݣһ⡣
ΧϸĿֲֳ΢΢һ¶һޱȵЦݡ
۹ı֮лޱȵĲϣЩĳֲͽɻһ۹ı⾨ԪһȾԵЩֵһᡣ
⾨ԪһȻĴ󱦿⣬̺䣬೬ֲ涼ûм
ʥ֮ÿǰһҪķԴ⾨Ԫ֮еĸĵر֧ǰĵ̡
ʲô
˾Ԫ룬ֻǾԪһŸߴһף·ԳһСһĻƽ
Ӵޱȵ˷۶ûһƽ֮ϣһƽɢŻƽԣûж֦辣ֻһ鲼ƽҶĻƽڡ
ÿһƬƽҶɢޱȵĻƽԣҶ֮ϸһصӡ۶ɣ̺һ˿˿ߵĹ
ǻƽڵ룬һöĴָСĹʵʵɫµӡ
ǳԽĴڣ½棬ôᵮı
һǻƽ֮еһöĴָСɫʵһĨ֮ɫ
ʱϡٵĹʵÿһֶӵǿ
ʿѰҵֵ伮֮жмأʿѾֵȼߵߵʱҲıֻеϵĴڲʸá
ƽ֮УȻһųԽĹʵֱ˼顣ȻǼʶ棬ҲΪ֮𺳡
ʱһޱȵĻƽ·һŸߴ׵ʯͷֱѿһͨһ֮Уޱһ˫ۣһһǳİۼѹһ˵֮ѹķ
һɨһۣǶ۵Ѱɲ˹붼۵ԼΪkػֱkѡĴʥ뿪Ҷľ棬ҲҶ⡣
棡
һƽһָʵɲ˹ʲô
һƽȻܹԽĿֲʵһˡ֪ʶҲû˵һƽ
ɲ˹ĮĶ滺ֻ֪ж۲֪һƽ棬뿪ȻҾҪˣҪ˷Ҷ⡣
浭ɲ˹뿪ŻƽɣΪĻرֻҪ뿪ҿԲɱ㡣
࣡
ɲ˹һĨâһɫӡҫȻͬ˲һǰӶһ޴ޱȵ̺壬ֱӺȥ
ڶ̬
ϡסâҫһ½˵ڶֳ̬֡ꪡֱһ̣ȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уֱӱ
ɲ˹µĴذݣֲޱȵѷԵkΪԲģ˷ȥ
ǿֲޱȵĳ֮£Ԫ֮ϴƬޱȵĳֲﱻٵ
һޱȵĻƽһųһ˿˿ȫ
ɲ˹֮Ľ֡ᲨԪвᲨһ
ɲ˹һĨƻĹâһ˸áֻӦΪػŴڽֵĹ֮УŴˣɲҵ¡ǸʱҾˡ
ǽƻ̬
üͷ΢΢һ壬ס֮ӡҫ΢΢һģһɺڶ֮иֵӰΪһ塣
ָһţһɺڶȻ֣ϢŰɲ˹ֱӺȥ
ɲ˹ɫȻ䣬һΣһԣԶˡ
¡¡¡
һصľ֮УǾԪֱӱɲ˹ײһֲޱȵĹ֡
һɺڶӡҫȻһţһ½ɲ˹ɺڶ֮ڡ
ƣ
ɲ˹һɺڶ֮ڣ˫֮âҫɫĹâҫһһ׸ߵľ˱仯Ϊһ߸ߴʮһ˾ͷ·һĿֲˡ
ֳ֮󣬰ɲ˹Ӷ޴ɺڶֱӺȥ
¡
ڰɲ˹ǰԵ˼ѹ֮£֮в𵴣ɺڶҲֱ顣
ɺڶһ˲䣬ɲ˹㷢ԼѾǿ֮С
һɫĹâҫһϸߣһ˲˰ɲ˹ࡣ
һɺڶȻ֣ӲĽɲ˹ɡ
ɲ˹沿飬һŤһʯֱ֮Ӻȥ
Ĳλǰɲ˹ҪֻҪkԸ⣬ʱ۳ٿࡣ
һɫĽһ֮⸡֡
ʯ֮ɫĽ֮һգһԵֵʥɫֱӱʯһʯǡ
һɺڶȻ֣ǰɲ˹Ѹٵɢһʯ֮ȫɡ
һֲޱȵɺڶһŰɲ˹ʯ֮⣬һڰɲ˹ĴӣŰɲ˹Դ
ǵ̬֮£ɰֲ˼㣬ɲ˹ʯ֮ⶼֱɣתΪɰĿֲչֵ쾡¡
ɲ˹Ȼһӣֱӻһֱӷȥ
Ǹǰɲ˹壡
һ˿һ㣬ǡʱ֮顿Ȼ֣һʱȻӿһˢ
֮һųʮǳӰһʱ֮ϣʱֱӺ飬ᴩʱǿֱӷȥ
ۼϹȻԻɱ
΢΢ҡͷһУǡʱ֮顿ֱٻأصӡ֣ڰɲ˹Ӵޱȵ֮ϡ
ɲ˹Ǵǳһ²СһǳСС˰ƴСķһ֮ڡ
濴һ¶һ˿Ц⣺˵Ȼǰɲ˹ı壬ȴҲ̺Űۼǿߵİʯǵõһܸˡ
ɲ˹ıһˣһֻǵkԼĺתƵǸ֡һ˵ıò󣬿Ƕͬ塢ʯ֮·֮ϵʯ˵ȴӵвɹļֵ
ֱһԽգһ³ھԪ֮ϡ
һ֮ȪȻ֣ǲȪˮ֮ϣָġ
סĵֲ̬ףսʤۼǿߣҲΪ޴󣬾ӵдʥڵĿֲȻԳʱ䴦̬


1239 ɱ
濴һޱȵĻƽһĨ֮ɫǰһ
ǻƽ֮ƽâҫγһޱȵĽ磬谭ǰ
Ҳûǿ˫۸ֳصӡǽ翴ȥǻƽĽ硣
ĵرӵֵԣһǿлƽĽ磬ֻƽͻֱӱͬƽһöʵҲʧ
ܼ̫ˣƾһ˵Խ
΢΢һռһ¸ֳһ˿˿ʴȻ֡
Щʴ׻֮һ¸ֳصĴ룬ǻƽĽ֮ϣ֮һ²ҫ
һޱȵĲһ˵Ļƽ֮ϣǻƽ粻ϵıʴʴ
Сʱ֮ǻƽ֮ʮͻأĳһһ˿ԽĴ󶴡
һʴ֮Уһǻƽ֮ڡ
Ǹϵʴײϵıãһƽԣһ±óΪһöƽҶһȻޱȵǻƽڷƮȥ
һƮǻƽڣʴͷŵĴƮϵĽǻƽڹʵĴڷʽ
ʿ֮У೬ֲﶼӵвͬʹ÷ʽôʹ÷ʽЩֲɾ䣬ɷ
ݿ֮м¼ʹøֲֳķԴǸַʽ֮жһöԽ֮ʵʹ÷ʽݡ
Ȼ֮䣬һöʵһųһɿֲޱȵһ
΢΢һʩչطǹǡ㷨֮һ´һ󲨶
΢΢һƾһɿֲޱȵֱ˹ȥ
ÿһöʵСһ֣һСΪһСڵ㣬һûصĹʵ֮ڡ
һصĹʵ֮ڣһӴޱȵĳԽܼĿֲӿһ¹ע档
޽ӽۼǿߵֱӿʼܽ⣬ҵʹһֱᴩ꣬ѾﵽԲҲʼܽ⡣
ͨʥʿһصĹʵ֮ڣеһжᱻܽ⣬ǹʵ֡
ʱǡס֮ӡҫһ½渲ǣһɺڶս׸֣Ǹܼ
ǡסΪԴĦʯâҫĽǸܼգøӵ貣һޱȵӡĦʯ渡֣øء
ȻˣǡסعʵĿֲܼʴ֮£Ҳһı߽⡣
һ´߶㲻塢ۻžطһعʵ̺֮ŵĿֲ
һ˿Ȼ֣һ޴ޱȵļӣֱӷӡ档
һӡǼ֮ϸ֣ǹʵ̺֮ŵĸܼ
ǿֲޱȵĸܼ֮ѸٵĽԼԼṹ
Ǹܼͬһ㼸޾ȻôɣҲ޷ɸɾҪԼű
Դ۳ɰ֮󣬻ǵһбűĸо
Ǿ͸ҽɣ
΢΢һתطһ½һɿֲ׵ֱһ¹עԼڵС档
ڵСһսܴ֮أȻѾͶԴȻԻָȫʢ̬
ǹʵ֮еһûС֮УһСήҲ籾Դһ»˹һޱȵ
һŵС֮Уһ´ήľӿʼѿ
زϵĲ˷쿪
ޱȵ׷ӿ֣򲻶ӿ֡
΢΢һԼڵС翴ȥַĵʧһܹȫַ򡢰ͿԼһ硣
Щǿʿڶ۳һС磬һΪӵһ޾ԴȪһͨ۲Сֱ仯硢İ
ʿƾϵųԽЩѪǿޱȵĸֳ˰˴ʿʵۣưԽ
ҲǽʿϵץסһлᣬϵԼ
ڵС粻ϵġøӵǿ
һС֮ӵһ꣬ǸСԽǿҲøǿ
صļ棬궼ڲϵĽɱ䡣
λ۹һƬޱȵĺƬ֮ײޱȵĺޡ
Ǻ֮УһռԼӵоķ֮һľ޴죬ΪҲǳء
۹ʼ潫ǿǿ߻֮Ҳһ˳֮С
Ǳ۹ǿ׷ɱӵ˳֮ϡ
۹ҲηԳַϧǵĴڳ֮оͱײеĺ˺ɷ顣
۹ս֮໥䣬໥ɵҲûһ۹ɳԶַ塣
һƬƬĹȺһǳʼ浱ưصʱ򽨳ɵĵþ˼㡣
һӵĪĳ֮һʥߡϧ編죬Ԫ½ıԴ֮۳ȡһޱȵĻƽЩ󲿷ֶѾûĪĳ֮
һΪĹ룬һ޴ޱȵĹ㳡㳡̾һ׵ĳɫ
һڷͫĿӢӰǳɫȥǳϳ⡣Ҳ⾨Ԫ½֮Ψһһʥǿߡ
۹رǿףǰ轢ѹʥʿǳԿԴɨԪ½
Ȼˣڳ⾨Ԫ½Ψһһʥѹ֮£۹ǿҲǰ
ڳǿߣÿһɢſֲޱȵϢ˵ʵ»ʿ֮ϡ
ΰʼ棬ǳѾĹͷʥ棬Ҫ塣ѣӻɣ
һ¹ڵϴ
ʼ潵٣ӻ壡

ǳǿǶ׷׹˵ϴš
ǿߵ֮ŵkǿޱȵľγһɿֲ׵ĳ֮ûһɫ֮ڡ
ǳɫһһ˿˿âһӡ֣Ȼһޱȵķӡ֮ٴα޹⡣
֮кȻһַ磬ǹַ֮Уһ¸ֳһԳص˫ۡ
һ˫ޱȵ˫֮һ´һޱȵĲûһɫ棺ʥӷӡ֮г𣿡
һСʱһɷŭǳɫ֮дۣ㣡㻹û


1240 ʥ
ۻûңķӡֻܹ⿪ֻʣһǧꡣһǧþɣΪһ¡ֻҪΪһ£Ҿ͸ɣҿԴһǧꡣ
ʥ֮г޾ĺ⣺ɱҵĸףֽҷӡ˼ǧꡣ֮ƺ㻹Ϊ£ΪһӦ𣿡
۵ӦҵģΪӦңͿԻǧشĺڰ֮С
ʥĬһҪҰʲô£
ɱȴƽޱȵҪɱһˣʥ档
ʥĬһŵãҴӦˡҪһ꣬ǧ̫ˡ
һĨ֮ɫãҿ԰һ꣡
һööޱȵӡǳɫ֮ϸ֣һ
һɫ΢΢һɫħһ˿ۼĿֲѹǳʥ֮
һ̧ͷǳʥſ֮ɫʼ棡ǵʼˣ
ʼˣ
ǵʼˣ磬ǳ磡
ʼѣǳ彫¾Ķ㣡

ЩǿǸӦʥɲİۼֲѹһĨ˷֮ɫ
ʥſһԲʮ֮ڵһֲޱȵУ۵kϷγһû˵kĿС
һֲޱȵһһҹԲʮ֮ڵĸŨȶ½һء
Ԫ½Ũȱȥ˼ٱֲҵһʥ߶ûе
ʥһ֮ǳ΢΢һɨüͷ΢΢һ塣
ۣҵûлָȥɱĵˣ״̬ȥԸɣ
ʥһ˫ʥ޷˫ۿȥ
ţҪĶ
һ˫ޱȵ˫֮һ¸ֳһޱȵӡһռһ˳ʥС
ʥһץһ´֮Уޱȵӡҫһ¹ᴩľ룬һԶ֮еһǳֱץס
ǳϷֱѿһ󶴣һǳһ´Ǵ֮зɳڳ֮ϡ
ʥ˫֮кâһɫĹâǳһˢ
һǧʮ֮ȪֱӸڳʥϷޱȵĲȪˮڳʥ֮ϣԴԴϵŵkԴ
ǡ֮Ȫ֮£ʥϢڽԽԽֲǿֲޱȵϢѹ·ĳǿ߶ڵϣɪɪá
Ѫ֮ϵѹơİʥѪĳʥǰһʥֵûС
һâ΢΢һһɫǹǿǳ֮зɳһ˳ʥǰ
ʥһ¸ֳصӡһ±仯Ϊһڷͫͷϳһǣò׵ӡ
ܹսˣ
ʥһץǳɫǹץУһ̾
ǳɫǹʱһ֮һ˷ޱȵǹ֮д
һɫľ֮и֣ӡһɢųʥֱӾȥ
ƣ
ʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һץһֲޱȵ֮䣬γһֻѹһС˺һеצǽɫֱץȥ
ûõģʥҵԼγɵġԼ֮顿ѾǩԼΪӡָ֮ڣΪɱʥ档ΥԼֻ·һ
֮Уһ˫γɵ˫ƽޱȵ
ʥǿ˺ǳݻһеצһץ˸ա
ǽɫ仯ɵӡһ꣬һû˳ʥʧ
ʥһûе֣һЦǶۣȻ
һһ·ɵ˳ʥǰ΢΢һΣһ±Ϊ˰ɲ˹
۱仯γɵ˫Ĺ⻺ɲ˹İ֣ܹ֡ʥɱסǵֻʣ²£
֪ˣͱϻô࣬Ĺײɣ
ʥâһһץ̺ſֲޱȵɷһצץǶ۱仯γɵ˫֮ϡ
㡭
Ƕһ˿γɵ۾ȻףʥǿҲԲkĴڡȴסۼĳʥһץֱ顣
ޱȵɷ׷֮£ڸصһֱ顣
ʥ쵰
ޱȵʱⳤ֮УһһֲޱȵĲһŭǳ֮лص
ɲ˹ʥھԪڹȥɵ
ʲôҪȥԼȥұӡô꣬Ҫúõһ¡
ʥչһ壬һ·ȥ
ɲ˹˹ȥҴ򲻹
ʥǸʥʲôʵôҲĶ֣
ɲ˹һĴʥӵһǿرҲ档
ʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾壿ʱţյĳ徹ȻҲǿ󣬾Ȼܹ˿µĹ
ݼΰʼ棡
ʥһ䵽ϣǳǿڵϹ
ȥ׼ʱõʳŮˣ
ʥɨڵǿǣһ˿˿ֲޱȵѹһǳǿϣĮ
⹧ǣʼˣ
Ԫƽ֮һöʵȻѿһ׳Ӱǹʵֱ֮Ӹ֣һŤϱձһ˴С档
ʥڣһöʵǱȻҽ״ʥڣ˿Ȱ۵µǣҵʸһӵһ˿ֲöۻ󶯸ɸֺ֣꣬רΪһöʵ
΢΢һɨбһĨϲ֮ɫ
Դ֮н׾żϵʣԲ֮۷ʲôĵرʶһ˿Ĺʵ֮УԲʾȻٽһѾԽʿʵۡ
ߵʴʱҲδܹȵ棬Ϊϲ顣
ͬʱڵС硢·ġסҲԹĺô˼ޣӵ˸ӿֲޱȵĽǱ
һŷ·֧صĻƽâ΢΢һ޾ĻƽһŻƽʼѸٵĵ
һƬƬ̺Ÿ߼淨ĻƽҶҲֱӿήһҳ
֮䣬һ̺޾أ涼ϲĻƽֱСΪһĴָСĺɫӣڵϡ
Ԫ֮ϵĽҲֱӱԪ½Χĸٱǿгȡ


1241 
ӽ⾨ԪȻǾԪ½ĺʥءȴȥȡ½ܼˣȻʥʿĴڣ
˫֮иֳӡտȥѸٵĽ½Ĺ
һ֣ռ֮΢΢һĲɼһ³֣ʼ⾨Ԫ֮ϲɼޱȵĳֲ
ĺݿ֮ڣֲĲɼЩɼܹͬʿһɼЩĳֲ
Ҫʱˣ
ĿԶȥһֱ̤֮С
һ乬֮ڡ
ʥһſһŴ󴲵ĺɳ֮ϣ§ޱȵĳŮŸƣŸζĳʵһ⡣
ʮŮһɴǴ֮Ըе赸
ɲ˹һɳ֮ϣͷŸֳʵ
Ĵͬһһʮ߲һվһߣȺʥķԸ
ˣʥˣ
ɲ˹һ̧ͷһĨ֮ɫӡҫһ˿˿ۼĿֲѹӵk֮
ɲ˹ּˣ
֮Уһҫ滺̤֮Ŀڰɲ˹΢΢һɨ˳ʥϣһĨ֮ɫ
ʥһֽһħǳʥʼ档ʥǶ۽⿪ҵķӡҺͰɲ˹ɱ㡣
ɲ˹ɵĿһ۵ʥְɣһԽɱ
ʥȻɲ˹ΪʲôҪﶼ
ۼǿÿһӵо춯صʵ㲻һߵĶ֣׼ҲɵĸʿԴӵߵߡٻаۼǿΪĵЧ
ɲ˹ҺͶйԼ˶ԼҪkػһûƽֱkѡҪΪkɱǸռƽˡҲسŵ֮ڣͻ
ʥǶۣ»ôܡ߲ۼǿɱκεˡֲõkһΪӦ
ʥȻ΢΢һЦʥܹӦһҲΪУ԰һѹɲ˹
ɲ˹ɫеʥΥ۵֮ڣͻȥ
һ˲䣬ɲ˹һ¸ֳӡһ⣬ֱӺ䴩ĶԶȥ
ɲ˹յ޹ҲҳĽأ㣬ҪҲûôף
ʥЦһֲޱȵϢӵk֮ûǹ֮ڡ
֮УһĹâҫһޱȵĽȻֱ֡ӷɳֳʮǳӰγһֲޱȵĽ磬νɲ˹ӡǽ֮ڡ
ɲ˹ŭţһ±仯ΪһˣӶǽȥ
ɲ˹ÿһ̺ΰֲޱȵ壬һǽ֮ϣʥͻֱըѿ֮Ѫɢء
滺ʥ󡣡
ʥ˫۳ŷ֮ɫĶ棺ҪӦңΪ֮һҪɱ˶ۣҪǴӦңҾͰһɱɲ˹ǲӦҾͷ˵k
üͷ΢΢һΪʲô
Ϊ۲ɱҵĸףɱһŮˣkΪһΪɺΪk£ȴ֪Ƿӡ֮п֧ǧ꣬Ϊ˱k
ʥϵš߹ȫʧһɷ񡢿񱩡Ϣһڵk֮kǻǧԹ·ӵʵһ㣬Ӱŵkߵˡ
ǳʥΧĳ˶һ˫۳죬٣гŤԹɱ⡣
ۼǿһŭͻ˷˼ƾkŭһ9λǻ鶼񱩻ҵ״̬
浭ҿԴӦ㣬㹻ǿ֮󣬻ɱ˶ۣ
ھԪ֮һöԽ֮ĹʵǶ۷Ѿ˼ɵһöʵ
һöʵļֵ֮󣬳Խ֪еۼرһ֮ڶ׷ǿ˵ֵԶԶȲһöõkһ˿̤ᳬԽĹʵ
Դһöʵ֮붼֮ǲݵĹϵΪ谭˶̤ĵ·
治ȥҶ۵鷳ͬྡһа취նɱ档
ʥһĨ֮ɫ¶һŤЦݣǻʲôһɱ۵߹
򿪽磬ҽȥ
ã
ʥһĨȣĿһۣʮֹϵĴһӡ
ֱһֱӽ֮ڡ
ȥ
Ƿӡ֮пŵİɲ˹âһȻֳ壬Ƿӡһ˲䣬һ
һɲ֮䣬ʮǳӰȻ֡
ɲ˹ıûͬʿһڿС磬ȴںʮǳһȫͿԶʮǳֲ˼㡣
ƾ㣬ûǸ£
кâһֳ֡ꪡһնʮէ֣һ˲γһɣһ޼᲻ݵɫâһ´ʮǳ֮ڡ
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ʮֲıըһ˲ʮǳӰһըѿ
ֲ׵ĳ˷ȥ밲ɲ˹ֱӱ
ʥһĻһĨ֮ɫǿʥʥڣȻܹ밲ɲ˹Ĺƴ̫ˣ
ɲ˹һƵˣھ¡Ȼڰۼǿ֮УҲֻкٵһǿߵܹ֮ȼ硣
Ϊ࣬ҽֻһʥȻ֮밲ɲ˹ƽɫֱ˲˼顣
ɫâҫһſǳըѡ
ɿ׻һĿֲǷӡ֮𵴣гʥһۼǿ֧ţǸͱҲ밲ɲ˹Ľ֮С
ǰۼǿߡȻѾɱһΣ̬ͨȻ޷ɱ㣡ڶ̬
΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݣϡס֮ӡҫһԻе֮ſһɿֲ׵Ħʯ֮ԴԴϵӿڡ
һɲ֮䣬һɫĹâһ³ڰɲ˹ߣɫĹâҫ˵졣
¡¡¡
ɫĹâ֮һ춯صıը֮ɲ˹һըѿҲըѵһ˲һɺڶɡ


1242 ɰɲ˹
ɲ˹֣һ춯صĺУôܣôܱǿ󣿡
ʱֻǶ˵ڶ̬ӳսѾԶԶԽ˲֮ǰĵ̬ò֮ǰֵİɲ˹޷ǰ֮˾ǲ֮ǰֵ档
¡
һɫĹâҫɲ˹仯ɵɫһըѿ
Ǿ춯صıը֮У汻ֱٹʯͬһ˷ȥ
һʯ׷ײΧĽ֮ϣһ
ʥкâɭһЦɲ˹ûõģѾȫӡˡֻһˣҲпƷʥڣһˣ
һɺڶǽ֮и֣һʯֱС
ЩʯһЩڶ֮ڣֱӱһѻҽ
һȭͷСʯȻҫصӡһ±仯Ϊɲ˹ųʥŭޱȵʥֵҪˣҲԻ£
ʥһĨŤͷЦȻֵã͸ڹȥֻҪܹƻ۵ĲãҸʲô۶ֵã
һɺڶһ¸֣ɲ˹һ˽ȥĳȡɲ˹Դ
һӴޱȵԴӰɲ˹ӿûڣ
ʥһ֣һֱӱҲָƽ
һСʱһɺڶʧһ³ԭء
ʥµô£
ʥ붼۾һ֮󣬾ǲݵйϵkҲһۼǿߣܹkΪѣ˵Ҳкô
۽⿪ҵķӡҲԼҶԼ֮ڣҪǲɵ㣬Ҿͻ
ʥصԼλ£Ů§뻳Уĵ
һԼ򣿳ʥŵùңͿꡣҲпƽǸ򡣡
ҵꣿ𣿡
ʥ˫΢΢һ䣬Ŀһ棬Ҳһ±ġ
ͨҲͰˣǶͬǿû˻׵ĽԼߴ򿪣һԼͬǿߴ򿪣пܱԷЩֽš
浭㲻ԸҲԲӦ
ãҾһء
ʥòԳһЦû뵽һô
һӡҫһͷɫӰӳʥ֮ڶһ˿˿鼶ĿֲϢ˷ɢȥ
ǳʥһͷ鼶ĺɫߵʱkܹǶ֮λϧڰ۾ѾǵkļޣҪһͱ븶Ŭ
Ǻɫ֮ϸһööޱȵӡ̺Լİͬʱһ˿˿
һ֣һʴȻɳһ룬һԼӡ̽ȥ
һ˿˿ޱȵĹâҫϵĽһöԼӡ
һϢʴ֮з
һ֣ʴױֱӷ˻
ʥһĨʧ֮ɫҲûа취ϾǶ۵ֶΣûа취Ҳ
浭а취
Լ壬Ȼkĺĵ·Լ֮УҲûмܹƽֶΡԻԡƭΪĵ·ĵ֮⣬䣬ֻд˵֮е߿ȥkֶΡ
ʥȻһ̾һ̣ŷӦһ˼ʲôа취˵а취
ûа취ȥ۵ķ׼ȷ˵ֱƽ⣬ѡҵֻеܿģĲ֮еԼӡΪʱһֱûеӡķʱ䡣
ȻַҲȱ㡣ǾǱ֮зһĿܣҲһвѡԼɡ̹Ȼ
ʥһն㣡
һӡҫһ̺ѹĺɫӳʥ֮и֡
һ֣ʴһģûǺɫ֮ϣһεĴһûһӡ֮ڣɢĲ
Ǻɫһûʥڣʧ
ʥ§Ů㻹ʲô£ǹƻۼƻ飬ҺȤͱˡ
һĻЩİۼǿߣʥûаǿ߷緶
浭Ԫ½֮⣬ĵ̶ҵġʲô
ʥã
Ҫǳһط
һָʯ񱻷ӡһɽͼ⹬֮ڡ
ʥĵ⣬ȥطҳ
ǰʥˣʯɽλڹ۹вʡ޿Ǹ
ʥʲô⣬һ˵ˣ
ʲôˣôʷ֮Уûмkǵĺۼ
ʱ𣬾ߵ䡣ÿһ߶Ǵʷ֮µkǵĺۼ
ҪķѾ޴ĴĨһʷŻһʷ˵֪
۶رĿƼȼʿرƼȼҪֹ߳һǿޱȵʿ֮Уڸǵkǳֵĺۼ
ҪӾԪ½˵𣡾Ԫ½ʵԶʱڣΪǰ濪ٳһǰءطΪŴʿڵĽڵ㡣
Щʧܵǰ֮ж֮ϵҲͱһĴڡ
طոܼһᵮǿޱȵĳֲǳ塢塢īطӡ
Ƕһ֮󣬺Ȼз֮гֵĴڡ
kǵޱȡҸ˲²⣬kӦǴӴ֮У֮Ľߡ
ڵkǽٵĿģΪսܵһȫûͷȻkҲ˳ߣǾֻһΪߣΪߡ
ʥһ۵֣һĨ֮ɫ
һk֮мߣ
ʥߣһǶۣһǶۺ󡣶ۺʵۻҪǿһ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ߣ
߾ʿʵۼǿߣȻ֮Ͷ˿ֲУǿ߻֮£涼΢΢Щͷۡ
ʥҲòŵġֻҪڵk֮ǰΪߡk֮󣬻һʱ䡣ʱȥǸɵСزһգһ޾Ԩ
΢΢һЦٵġ
ʱڶ࣬ͬˡ޷֮ǰΪһʿʵۣӵпʿʵۼǿߵôԻᱻЩжԵĵ˺Ƭ


1243 ʯ״ʥ
ʯɽλڹ۹вʡ޿ٹʯɽ֮ʢһΪʯϡʯҲǰսȶսزٵһֿ
ʯɽϷһҫһȿռ֮Ŵ򿪣һǿռ֮߳
ʯɽȥ˫һ¸ֳصӡĿһʯɽ֮УѰʯĺۼ
˼ݳĻʯ񱻷ӡλӦþԲƭʥҲ˵ʯɽҵĲ̽
һһö̺֮Ȩȡ֮Ȩȡһ¸С
ǡ֮Ȩȡ֮Уһ¸ֳޱȵӡϡ
Щصӡ֮£һɫĹ֮С
֮н䣬ڵ֮ʮֹޱȵ֮УŴȥ
ҵˣ
ԼǱһףһ޴ޱȵĶһ³֣Ǹ޴Ķ֮ڣһޱȵʯ顣
ʯ֮Ѫһ磬˴֮УԴԴϵĳȡʯɽе
ǽ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ĭģָһ
һ֮ȪֱӸ֣Ӵ󾫴̺ŲʥȪˮԴԴϵһʯ֮䡣
һޱȵʯЩȪˮϢһ±ǿ
ռ֮һ˿˿ҫһޱȵĿȻɳʯȥ
ЩһɵʯԱߣеľͱȡһգһѻҳ
˫۸ֳصӡĿһʯ飬ʯҪʱͽﶪȥ
ھ졣
ָһǰɲ˹һ¸֣ɵʯԵ
ʯ֮һµһʯͷ룬˵֮ڡ
صӡҫһ֮еľԴԴϵıʯȡһıҽ
꣡
һޱȵ֮Уһʯ鿪ѣӵоòɢžʯʯ֮л߳
һɫĹâһһ״Ͼȹʯϣ崿˼㡣
磡
ʯ֮һĨһĻС
§ʯĽ΢΢һֻǾ§
磬ҽʥˣ
ãʯŴĻѣΣӡҫһɴʥĿֲĽ֮л
üͷ΢΢һʥΪʲôҪףһҪҼʱϵֻҪһʱ䣬ͻ˥
ʯ񻺻ˣӵѾƣֻн״ʥܹӵһ·Ҳֻܹѡ״ʥ
ѩšʯЩֶӵ˷˼k˵ʱһ׳ɹеƶȫʧұøǿ󡣵Ȼ˵ʱףʮоŶ䣬ûмܹɹ
һ漰ʱϵʯҲ޷ɱ䣬ֻ·һ
ȻҵˣǾ׼ȥɣ
ʯȻһЦã
Ԫ½Ѿƿ֮УһȥԪ½㿪ʼ׷ϡ
֮Уҵ߼صҪԼʮƵۼرĵر
⾨Ԫ½֮УӵǾԪҵһߵߺǣáҪֱ
Ҫһߵߺ֮Ȼûлָһս֮ǰôֲȴҲ޷õ״̬
һ֮һŤĿն֮ǰ΢΢һΣһûһŤĿն֮ڡ
һŤĿնһɿֲףʥߵľ޴һϡ
һ¸ֳصӡӲĿסǾ޴ޱȵŤĿռ֮ɴС
һɺڶȻ֣߻۶ĸ塣
ǰۼǿߵҵѾ߱һЩʿʵۼǿһöʵǿҵ궼˸ӸߵȼɱԾǨ
׵ŸָܼԼ֮ɫ
֮ǰһƬŤ֮У涯ˡסһеƣȻĥȥˣ䡣ȴܹɵռ֮дֲָܼ࣬е֪Լжôǿ
һöʵԽǳۡۺ߾ԲŹһöʵǶۡۺΪԼĳֲ
ԵɺϣԪ½з֮أһɱۼػߡҲ۵kǵļƻͳɹˡ
֮·һַ֮ڣȻһڹҫԲһӿƬγһƬƬơ
һֲޱȵ֮û·
һ˿˿ֲޱȵĴʥ˷ɢȥ
ʥ˽ʥ
ǿÿµϢⲻͨĴʥ
ʲôˣ

Ǹ̽Ӷһ߻۶
һɫĻַ֮зɳγһţǻ֮ϣվһɫսףһͷɫһβףɢһɰԵʵӡ
ۡС׵ۡ۹ۣǵʱѾȥ𣬾汪ʵʱ
һİɢԵʣһЦƬ򲻶𵴡
汪ʣʱһߣ
kҲһת
֪ĵת֪жٵתš

һĿⶼ汪ʵϳ˼ɵ;衣
κһ߶ʿʵۼǿߣkǶԼ·ߵ۷ľǿߡ
ЩתǿǶ۷壬kǶԶԶԽʱǿߡÿһͬ޵еİûм˸ȥսkǡ
汪ʣۡС׵۶ѾʥУϢѾˣ
һƽƬ֮һһ£ףͬĶԹϳǻ׵Ŀֲڴ֮зɳ汪ʵǰ
汪һĨɵ֮ɫħʣû뵽Ҳˣһ׳˴ʥ
ħҲһתkʷ汪ʻҪƾáǹħʵʱЩ˯ʱⳤ֮еϹ֮⣬ֻеkһߴڡkҲһ޵аĵߡ
ħʵûа취Ǽڰֻ¾ҪԵʱĵ֮λˡ
κһǿҪǶ۷׵߶ҪԴһҪٴνҲͬҪԴ
ħ޵аתΪ춨һĸһkĵԴҲԶȥkıظõkǽ׵ߣƵõkҲȥ


1244 汪
ħʡ汪ĵתӵԼıغǵkһֱڰȻܵ˵ԣͬչٶҲԶԶȲ桢ۡС׵ۡ۹İǿߡ
汪ʵС׵ۡ۶ѾʥУô˵ʥһʱİʲô
ħһأʥ塣ľͷ֮һսħǷ켫˴еܡĻеʵֲޱȣʥ߶Χɱ
汪Ŀ΢΢һڶ֮
˴ʿʵ۳ƽ˴ʿʳڽʷϼԻ͡ЩתǿҲ֪˴ʿʵ۵ľ
ħʵߵĵ·ǿ֮Ļеܣ֮ĻеܻҪʤһǸʤ
汪Ŀ˹ħһۣңкιɣ
һǰˣһͬʥʥѾʧٲǽϳ֮·ʱֻҪȫǾܹӮʱ䡣
ʥˣЩֻǼɵĴڡǶֵĺʱЩȻϰǣǰȴǼı֧֡
ֻҪ֮ϳȥͿƽ֣
ħһĨȵĹâ
̲ۡС׵ۡƵ̫龦塢ҲһЩʥǸʱ֮·֮УѾһĴڡ
ÿһյǳ֮жԴвʥҪԴ
ħһЦʥû䣬ǵҲ⡣
汪ʳһᣬʮֹϵãҴӦ㣡
ŵһΪ۲ռݵǳ۲屾ĸӹ屻֮۲һ͹ϵͶ棬ǳ֮еͳͳɱűסһ
ŵһߴ׾Ĺ֮ڡ
һףһɫۼףŲͷ­ǿ߾վڹ֮ڡk۲һ峤
һ׵۲峤ʵ峤ˣټʲô£
ʮ۲峤Ҳ۲峤ȥ
һ۲峤ȵʼѾѣkٻǣվһƷʥͳΡ
Ǵ֮һƬžЩ۲ĳǶÿӵڿ۲峤
һ۲峤ϳĬһΪѾʺϵ۲峤
ͬ⣡

ǹ֮е۲峤϶ֱӸ顣
һ۲峤ңһһʥ߶ûУôʥԿǲ㡣㲻ܹ۲һᡣ
۲ĳǶһõӵĿĶҡ
ʥ֮·֮е嶼Ϊ֮۲Ҳ֮ΪС
ҿЦһ£Ĭ
һööӡһ¸֣֮һһ˿˿ޱȵ
һʮףɢʥ߲һɫͷ­һŤϢ֮еʥһ´̤֮һɿֲޱȵѪƬ
ʼ棡ʼˣ
Щ۲峤ɫ䣬Ѫ֮ڣѪ֮ѹ֮£׷׹ڵսս
һ۲ʥҵ۲彫ʥǳͳͳݻ٣ΰĹħʡ汪ʽǽʥһͳͳݻ١ֻҪ´󹦣۲ض𣬱ñȹȥǿ󣡣
۲ĳ˫۳һĨȵǣʼ棡
һĺŽ֮⹬֮д
һֻֻװޱȵ۲ǿ߷׷Ǳ鲼ŵǵĸеפȥ
ֵ⣬Ŀӽ䷶Χʼ
һֻ۲ľӸոսӽһеŵľݵ㣬Ǿݵ֮һڿڣâҫĹһº۲ǿϡ
һͷһͷ۲ǿֱ߱Ӻ顣
һֻ˵۲ûмʮͱĹɱһˡ
ǲд۲ǿ߶ֱӱɢ
ôôֻʥפһֻĻеܾţôǿ˵ʲôȻ˿ֲĴڣ
һ۲ͳһĻһĨͺ֮ɫ
һɫĹǻеڵľݵ֮һɲ֮ӵʿΪ۲ͳԴ֮ϣһ㽫kԴ顣
һܼս˴Ǹݵ֮зɳ۲ǿȥ
һҽ֮Уɰǧ۲屻ǻеֱɱ
һĻŵг֣·ͱһ㣬һݵ֮Уһ·ɳսˣɱ۲ǿߡ
۲ľżһǻеŵĹ֮£˲ء
۲峤ͳǽӵصĲص֮ɫ԰ס
һȺ
۲ʥһ΢΢һΣһ³һƬս֮С
Ƭս֮Уǧսڷɱ۲սʿ
۲ʥâһӡҫһ±仯ΪһߴףֳŤ֮еĿֲڡ
۲ʥ΢΢һΣһĨӰһսȺ֮УӶֲս˺ȥ
¡¡¡
һֲޱȵıը֮Уһܼսֱӱݻ٣޷֮
ʥߣѹһʥߡսģʽǱģʽ
Ǳ鲼ŵǵսһ·ɢһС㣬Ĺһ۲ľۼأһһ۲ľۼرս˺Ĩȥ
ÿһ۲ľۼرĨȥ۲峤ɫ΢΢һףһĨ־֮ɫ
۲ʥ߷ŭҹͣŵսһܼս˴ݻ١
۲ҲʼѸٵˣ˿ʼһսսš
һޱȵ֮ڡ
ѩλ֮ϣ֮һĨ֮ɫŵǵ۲ңʥ߲ң
ҹʥâ΢΢һ¶һЦݣѩŴˣ¾ͽȥ죡һὫʥߵ׼
ɱһʥߣɹõĲƸʥΪ֮ĶЩʥһ㶼дӻڶܹ࣬ɱҵʥߣҹʥ㽫kնɱԼʥߵѶ޻˵
ѩŵǾͰˣ


1245 ҹʥ
ĺˣ
ҹʥ΢΢һЦλһɫҹ⣬֮зȥ
ŵΧǿա
һɫҹ΢΢һҹʥƬǿ֮Сk˫֮иֳޱȵӡ·ȥ
ҹʥɭһЦһʥ߳ڵСһȻҷǣǲ֪
ԣ
ҹʥȻɫ΢΢һ䣬տһۡ
ҹĴʥ
֮һ΢΢һò׵汪ʡһĹħʴ֮߳ȫסҹʥĺ·
ҹʥɫȻһĨ֮ɫ汪ʡħʣ
汪ʲ֮ǰ״ʥεչԼkħʡ۹۶ǹϵĵתҲ֮·֮¡Ǳǿߡ
ҹʥĿ˸λΪʲô⣿
汪΢΢һЦҹʥôѵ²Ϊʲô𣿡
ҹʥҼϿʥǶҳ֡ʥ˲Źǵģ
ħһЦʥ֮·һɵ֡ڣѾû֮أҹʥͶɣͶǣһ·
ҹʥȻſһԺɫصӡ֮и֣·˺ҹһ㣬ֱӴԭʧ
汪ʿһĨ⣬һָ
֮Уһ³һϡϢɫʯ룬һɫʯһֱ֣ӱ仯ΪһǳСʯ롣
ɫ˿ߴʯ֮д䣬һ
֮УҹȫΪһҹʥ΢΢һŤӲĴ֮б˳
汪ʻһ¸ֳһɫħ棬ͬһ޵еһ̤֮У·˲һҹʥǰ
޾ɫһ½ҹʥ֡
һֲޱȵĳɫĻ֮м
һ֮޾ɫһʧ֮нֻʣ汪һ˰Ȼվ֮һ׼ҹʥ׼
汪նɱҹʥ
ûãһϢʥ̳֮УһµǶͷеʥ߶ը˳
汪ʾȻնɱҹʥҪʥ𣿡
汪Ҫʥڵʱ򣬽ʥ𣡣
Ҫսˣ汪ʼȻ֣ô;Բ飡ضᱬȫսkԲ

Щʥ̳ʥһϢԼµ˾Ƶķչ
֮·֮еһ鸽챪һ壬챪һһԾΪǿ塣
֮·궼ĴҲ鸽һ壬һҲһԾΪǿ塣
챪һ塢һ󿰱ǿһɱ֮ڣʼ
ǡ
һڵĹɽǿʥ֮ϣһɫϢ䣬ǺɫϢ֮һͷͷײеĶϸ֣֮еսɱһ
֮Уâͬһһɽ֮Ϻȥ
ǹɽǰһһԦһ޴ɫ׵Ĵʥ
һ޴ޱȵĹ֮ӡ֣γһǿޱȵķֵ·
ʥĻеսǿֲһӵ溣ս
һԦźɫ׵ĴʥսȥֻһͷһͷĶǻеն顣ʥʿĶս֧֣֮ӴޱȵĶͱЩе˺Ƭ
һͷϳžŸǣòĴʥ֮и֣ʥϾնɱС׵ۡ۵ĹҲϣ׵ھʿʵ۵İ콾Լ·ǿߡĻеȻ򵥣
һԦŹ״ʥŽǹħʥ׼Ѿѹ𣿡
Žǹħʥûһϲɫҹ۹ʥԳֲŽ׼ѹһսһ˶ʮսʿоһʮ򡣡
ҹ۹ʥ΢΢һ̾ʧ̫ˣ
ŽǹħʥеľҲٶһʮսʿ൱ʮ֮һȻһȰ˵ľսھŽǹħʥһ˵ȻһСĴ
ŽǹħʥޱһǰںʥһǰȥѹѴĿǣʥϵлеܷѾ䡣
ҹ۹ʥӿһ˿˿⣺Ȼʥ߶ˣԷһʥ߶ûг
Դҹʥ֮ѩű㽫ɢڸصʥߡʥͳͳٻ
ЩʥߴǳԻᱻƣһһɱ
ǿڶֻ࣬˺ܹ汪ǿߣֻҪ䵥ʥᱻkǻɱ
һſ֮ϣŵĻеȻ챪һ塢һս˫ɱݡ
챪һ塢һ󿰱ǿ壬ʥߡʥʮּѵһһйһޱȵĹݡ
ǻе֮иս˸򣬲ϵĽλսɱǸǿߡ
մɱλս֮зӳ˿ֲޱȵսÿһûʥǿǿ߾Բð
챪һ塢һȻڽʤͬҲ˲أرʥʿµĴڣ˲ءǿӹУӿһ˿˿Ӱ
ã
ҹ۹ʥкȻӿһ˿ԤУȻ𣬻һԭʧ
ŽǹħʥҲ΢΢һΣһ뿪
֮кȻһֲ׵Ĺ˺Ѳ񷣬һһīĹɽ֮ϡ
һīĹɽ֮ϵķһһһ˲֮䣬̮һ룬ǹɽ֮еҹ۹ʮֱʮֱĨȥдĶʮҲˡ

ҹ۹ʥһŭһ֣һֱߴһٹʯȻ֣ͬһ·һȻð̨ȥ
һʯҫһһƽԭ֮ϡ
һĢƻ𣬷Բǧﶼǿֲޱȵĳ֣һֱ̨Ӵݻ١
ҹ۹ʥǸݻٵ̨ȴûаϲɫ
һսҹ۹֮еľѾɣһſȥȴʱҹ۹ֻѾֻʣµkһˡ
һŸߴǧɫãã֮з裬ɫ֮ϣһ乬
Ǽ乬֮ڣˣ汪ʡħʡ
Ǽ֣ʥĻеܾţ̫ˡ
汪üͷ΢΢һ壬һָһɫĹâҫ֮γһƬĻ
һǳ֮ϣһմɱߺȻ֮Ծֳһذһͱһ챪溣ǿߣȻֱӳһ溣ǿߵĲ֮дɱ䣬һֻСӵͳͳɱ֮һԾ֮С


1246 
һմɱڽһСӵͳͳɱ֮֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ޱȵԭֱʧ
汪һʳֱָһ
֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ޱȵǲ֪ڶ֮֮һ¸һŻ棬һմɱֱӷճɻҡ
ݻһմɱ汪ȴûһϲɫմɱߵʵ̫ࡣkרŴݻմɱߣմɱߵֻ»ԽɱԽࡣ
ħһȥֻǻֲ֧ס
ǿʥߡʥͶսĻеսԵֵĽһſǳ䡣Щս˵ƴս֮£ǿԼǵĸӹͬ˲ء
رĻסռסմɱûĹڣͷۡЩݵǳûʥ򣬻ӵǿսػ޷סЩս˵Ľ
ǿԼ丽ӹ壬ȷʵ˲յʥǡȴһֱ޷ȫЩʥǡΪǲһʥǿʥǣҲҪķѴʱԴӪܹһķ硣
ǿٶ̫죬һ·ѹȷʵ˲ǳЩǳ֮УҲֻܹռһҪԴ㣬޷ȫЩǳ
ս֮Уÿһ춼гǧǿ䡣޴ʧǿҲʹԳȥ
ǼȥǿֻܹȴһӪһſʥǱɷɭϣ޷ֵҪһսͻ㣬궼֡
汪ʵΨһİ취ǽݻʥͳͳɱһݻ٣ʥҲͲΪ塣
ħʳĬһᣬ¶һЦݣȷʵãҲΨһİ취
һһ·ȥڸǳ֮еɱǿǶֱӳȥ
һֻֻӴޱȵĽӴӸǳ֮зɳһ𣬺ƺƵȥ
챪һ塢һ弯Ǿ֮·Ȩһս
ǿж̫޴˵Ŀ⡣ǿҲ˿û˼׵Ĳµǵͼ
Ҫǿеһٻʥļ
汪ʺ͹ħʶȥˡʥĻеܾʵֲ̫ˡ
սλսʥĻеܾŶҲѹǻľ
һʥ䣬ʥˡȥǵͨ˶ҪЩе֮еĴ̿ɱˡ
ܲѾΪʥĺģֻҪƣݻ֮ڵ𹤳ʥҲ޷ư򡣡

֮·ĸʥǶ۷׷ףĿ⼯ǿ֮ϡ
һսǿܹ׽ݻ٣ôܵشֱӴ֮ȥ
֮еηĳ汾Ǳʵ֮⣬ηǼ鲼ĻеšЩеҹͣĽɱŽԼЩΪеһ塣
Եһ˿˿ҫһͷ峤ߴǧһŤռ䲨֮Уͷӥͷ֮һռӡǿӥȻ֡
ǿӥһֲֿޱȵĳһӵ»ϵĿֲʵǿӥ޸ӵ溣Ŀֲkǿռĳſռ䷨λ֮жǿռ֮
һͷʥ鼶ǿӥһƬ֮УƬ֮еһռ䣬ŵǳȻ֡
һǳ֮ϣŵһʥڹâ΢΢һһһޱȵĹͷǿӥֱӺȥ
ͷǿӥһռâҫͼֱ˲Ƶĵط
һǳ֮һеâҫһŲ˷ȥ
ǸŲƵĸ֮£ƬյĿռ䶼һңȻͷǿӥӵʥʿĿֲʵȻǸŲ֣޷ɵĵռ֮
һ鲼ǳĹһ¸֣Ĳͷʥǿӥޡ
ͷǿӥüĵĿռӡһ¸ֳһޱȵĹâڵkǰһŤԹ
һʥڵĹŤԹ֮ŤԹʮʥڵĹֱŤһߡǽһ̣һŤԹǿֲޱȵڻ֮һ顣
һͷǿӥҲһ˲ͱǿֲޱȵڻɣ˺Ƭ궼ûʣ¡
ǿʥķֶΣʥ߶ɱ
ʥȻ£

һʥҲһںһͷǿӥʥ֮УҲϵĴڣֲĴھȻǳҪݻ٣ֱš
ԭ⣬ص֣ǣ
汪ʱƬ֮
һͨڣħƣͷϳ׵׺ƹʥ̤֮ħҫһ±仯ΪһĿֲ޹
һžϰ°ȴǾħ˴ʥҲ̤֮ɢһ˿˿Ťֲ
һһ֣Ťģ·ʱ̴һ״̬ĺɫʥҲ֮зɳ
ʥƹ塢ħ塢ɫǿʥÿһӵдʥڵΪ˿ʥҪ
ƹҲ챪ĸӹ汪ڳ˯ȴʱʱ򣬾Ѿµĺ֡
һͷ׺ƹʥֳֺƹһеĵۼرɫװֱһŻеǳȥ
ħ˴ʥɫʥǣסŻеǳ
ǡɫװ֮صӡҫһԶʱĵ׼Ȼ֣һǴ󣬱һźɫǳһŻеҪֱײȥ
һŻеҪ֮Ϲâҫĸ̨һ¸֣һ߹ֱӺȥ
ǵ߹ΧһɫĽ磬ڻ棬һ˿˿
¡
ǵ߹׶ڻһײһŻеǳ֮ϣǻеǳſһԵֵʥ߹ķֱ飬ǳҲǿֲޱȵײ֮зԱ
ǿֲޱȵıը֮Уǵ߹΢΢ģ׺ƹʥһһ˿˿Ѫ

׺ƹʥһЦ߶šɫװŲдŻеǳȥ
¡¡
һ춯صıը֮УŻеǳ׺ƹʥĺ֮£ڱ顣
ڸصս˷׷׸֣ź󷽳ˡ
ûŻеǳڻһǧս˳ȥҲᱻʥϲӿʥߴݻ١
׺ƹʥΪ׵ĴʥʥǷ׷ʩչַƬղ̽
֮Уһ˿˿һɫĹɽֱӸ֡ûãһž޴ǳҲ֮֡ǿͨռԾķʽԴԴϵĳƬ֮С


1247 Ǵʥħʥ
ûãƬ֮оͱ鲼ս
Щսһ֣ŸطȥռһսҪ㡣
֮һƬ֮оͱ鲼ս飬֮ͬеĴƬȺ
е֮һֻӴޱȵϽӲķȥ
һ·֮ϣЩմɱߡռסĻ׵ս˲ϵĸһֻӴޱȵĽӡ
ֻЩս˸ոտһֻӣͱһֲޱȵս˺ɷ顣
Ǹսֳ֮£඼ܹӳʥʿƻͬЩս֮ÿһֶӵԼĳ֮ʮָսӳĿֲԻһʥ
һֻӴޱȵĽһ·ѹЩͼֻӽŲս˶һֲֻޱȵĽ촷ۡ
ʱ䣬һֻԼӹĿֲӱһ·ѹΧǿ֮С
Χǿ֮Уһ˿ǳһ˿ǳػŻ
һһ˿ǳɵķȦƣͱ¶ǿ֮¡
汪׺ƹʥϡ
ǣϣ
׺ƹʥһ֣һɿֲޱȵ·ĸ塣
һ峤ߴǧȼܻľ޴̫滨һ¸֣һ޴ޱȵ̫滨֮վ·һƬҶҶˡ
һͨڣһǧǿվֱӷɳһǿվǵ֮ڣӡҫɢŵ⣬ÿһʾŵkӵһħǿߡ
һֱߴһǧٹľ޴ʯ֮ӡҫһ仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴһʯߣʯߵͬҫâһͷʯͬһʯ˼һγɵս
սÿһһǿߵǿ֮£սѾһʥߣkǵƻʥ֮ϡ
̫滨֮ӡҫһƬƬֱ̫ӴӻﲿַɳγһֲޱȵĻһŻеǳȥ
һͷǿվǻâҫһŻеǳȥ
һͷʯ߻ӡҫǹ⣬ʮ֮ڸǳɢǹһſһ磬һǳһŻеǳȥ
ʮ˿Żеǳ֮һǧ˰ŵʥڹâҫɱʥߵʥڹսֱӺȥ
һɲ֮䣬̫滨ǿվǡʯ߶ǿֲޱȵʥڹ֮ºĻɻҡ
һ֣ʮ˿ѾɻеҪĻеһ˻ǳȺ֮Уǳֱӷǰڻʮ˿ǳ
ս˴֮зɳ鲼ƬգγڻһƬеǳȺ·ߡ
һһҵսں󷽸֣Ǹ͵սһǧŰʮңǧװʥͳһڡһʮսǿԵѹһʥʿʥ鼶Ǽս
һһʥߡʥϢһƬе֮ǱѩŻǿǶһ˿ǳķ֮ڡ
Щʥߡʥеŵڻ֮£Ասֲ˼㡣
һֻǿǣͷγɵӴ󽢶֮еʥǶʮЩڻе֮еʥߡʥжôֲ
ʱ򣬾ɱ֮ĻеŻɱʮʥߡ
ĴʥҲǿֲޱȵĻеסֱӹơ
ǰһ˿Żеǳ֮ж˶ǿߡǿǿһݾͷƤ顣
ǿĸӹжһĨ־֮ɫִģս֮УǸĸӹڻҡЩǿǵĹЩڻҵʹ
ͷǿӥ޻ǻ̫ǿվǶЩûʥ߱ӻµս
ѩŵһͶӰǻеŵ汪ʡħʣҪǣֻܾˣװױ뿪˵أ˳ǵΧҿԵʲôûз֮ԶԼʥҲ׷ǡ
汪һЦѩţʥӵŮˣȻֻ壬ҪȷʵѶȡ֮·֮УɲֹҪʥ
ħһЦǴʥɣƾɹʥõıݡ
һȻ֮и֣һһɲ֮Ǵ󣬱仯Ϊһֱߴʮǳ
ǿֱߴʮĳɫǳ֮УһһͷɫһͬѪɫŤ֮Уòªİۼǿ߳Ǵʥһ˳
ڳǴʥʥʮʥߣԼųɫͷüĶһöǺ۵ĳǿߡ
壡
֮еĳ壡
ҲˣǵԿԹ

챪һĨ˷֮ɫ
ĴʥĿֻ𣬵̱ҪԶǳӵһۼǿ߳ǴʥóһԾΪ塣
һۼǿѾӵһսʤĹؼµǳǴ۲Լǰһ֮
߲ʥʥʥǿǳǴʥɫ䡣ǵk֮жӵõֶΣֻѾ˻ᵱꡣ
ǴʥħʥҲɣҿɲսʱ򣬻Ҫضڰǡ
ǳҲû⡣սƷҪɡȻҲԵʥӪ
һ𷢱ۣĻԸУü֮λ˿߷ƣȴ˿Ҫ˿ħŮѷɫľЦĴ֮߳Ťɢһ˿˿ۼĿֲѹ
ħʥʥڵħŮʥڵħŮͬǧģ֣һ־ͲϵΧʥۡ
ʥ߿ħʥ߶¶һ˿˿̰֮ɫ
ЩħϸǿǶһ¶֮ɫһЩʥ߱ħʥ߹ֿܸ֮󣬻϶ᱻħʥŪЩħŮʥǽֻʥ߻ΪǵūͺȡֵĹߡ
ǴʥһĨŭɫħʥħ壬֮⣬ʥߣҪսƷɡⲻܣ
ħʥЦЦѩſһ۵УҲԼʥһǻܻӭҵļ룬𣿡
ѩ֮ǵĹâʮֹϵħʥħܹӪֻҪǿ壬ȵʥع顣ɱ֮ҿǵؽ
汪ʹϵֻҪܹҺ͹ħʸսƷɡλԸսƷɡĺʥս繥ơ


1248 
ѩʮֹϵɣħʥֻҪܹǻǡôǵأǿԸɡ
ǴʥѾıֳ⣬תءħһԽթ޳˵Ŀܡ
ħһκһܹһսʤ
ڸôأ
ħʥתȻһЦɢһ˳Բ԰ε
ʥ߼ǿħʥж¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
汪ʵȼʥҲһĨ֮ɫħʥûʹκȻkѾǿޱȣ൱ڲԶʩչſʥ鼶ȻȻ޷ֵΨһķƾԼ־Ӳ
ЩԵʥ඼־ᶨʵֲޱȵĴڡɵkǶħʥʵǿ˼İۼ˵ͬԵֵ
ٿˣ죬뱻ݻ١˵־
һŤǹһ˿ۼĿֲΣһۼĿֲǿһ̤֮
ߴʥ
ǵkôǵk
ߴʥôǵk

ĸӪ֮УЩʥߵжһĨ֮ɫ
ߴʥ̫龦ʥ˺ܴĴ׷ɱѩšʯŮ¡
ߴʥȻؼʱ汪һӪòʥ߶һȻһĨ˷֮ɫ
ߴʥ󣬸ʮĴʥ帽ĴʥԼһʮʥߡ
һŤһһҳصսֱӸ֡
Ȼ汪ʡħйᣬܹϢĵӴľûб˷֡
ʱ䣬֮·˵Ŀⶼ챪ǿжûע⵽Ѿ˿ֲ
ѩһߵʥߡʥǶɫһףһĨһֲޱȣǵkһ֮ӵ濹Ŀֲʵ˿ֲһֱ֣˾
Դʥһ̾ɶھͺˡ
˵ĹǡڣôնԴʥĴȴֻо
ħսʥЦڣkô
֮·֮зԼʱκҶԵk֡ҲֻʧȥټʱЩŸѡ
ʥ֮иֵһǿ߿ЦΪŮϹͷҪˡ
ҫʥһЦδػܣһսֻûмܹǲݵսκһսܣõ³ҲͬҰһǱޱ֮У̻̲ա
ħʥ۲ת¶һֵЦݣҿǺˡ汪ʣҾͼһߺˡ
汪ʷ·ûзħʥķ޳һ΢Цлħʥ
ְɣ콫Ĩȥ
ߴʥâһŭһ±仯ֳ˱塣һͷ峤ߴʮӡֳǧ˰پʮڵ㣬ÿһڵ֮жһǳߡ
壬κһ궼ӵʿĿֲս֮ǿǻὫһǳ棬ֱ
ͨʥҲֻܹʮǳ壬֮ǴʥһҲֻܹٶǳ塣
֮УҲֻߴʥһ˽ͼر߼ǧ˰پʮǳ塣
ǧ˰پʮǳǿ֮£ߴʥһӵԶʥĿֲ
ߴʥֻа۳ڵΪֳ֮ǧ˰پʮǳǿ֮£۷ǿ߶Իܡ
ǿи
ߴʥӡҫԲʮǹⶼkضϣγһƬǿս磬ʮ߿ŻеǳԼǶʮ߿ŻеǳΧսĻеǳи
һֲޱȵǿսȻ֣ǻеһ±иսһǿսϱ֮ǰֻöԸս֮ڵĻеţǼƲҲԼʱ롣
Ƿָ
Ǵʥâһǰ̤һһųɫǳȻ֣գһɫǹǳɫǳ֮
һƬɫǹ֮£ʮ߿ŻеǳͬЩս˶ֱӷָγһƬս
ħ˿򣡣
ħʥȻһЦһֲֻ峤ߴĿֲǿħȻ֡һͷǿħſ˿ߣЩ˿ǿһɢһ˿˿Ťħ⣬һ½ʮĿŻеǳͬЩսֱӷָ
ǰЩ֮УħʥȻһۼĿֲڣǵkʵ̫ȻԸǿֲޱȵĻеӲӲ
սһ±ֻʣʮŻеǳԼѩŵʥߡʥ
汪ʸѩŴŸ߸ϵѩţͶɣͶҿԴӦֻǷϵǵĳ֮ΪƽĶȹһ
ѩһ汪ʣҪսǱս÷ϻôࡣ
汪΢΢һЦ߲ʥʥҫʥԼʥǵ֮жӵʥõֶΡӵһ֮顿һ֮顿ѹʥ֮вµֶΡԸ⽫Լҵġ֮顿ڣٳңҽǶ֮λ󣬾ͻΪǽ֮еĽơ
һһЩʥжһĨĹâ
Щʥ඼ǱǿշĴڡ˲Դʥħսʥѩŵȼʥ֮⣬Ĵʥڲɿ͡ڵkǵ֮нƣֻµkѱ汪ʵ¡
֮䣬汪ʾѾЩʥǵս⣬ڵkǵ˱ѵӡ
ѩʮֹϵλʥ˵ֶҲġʥ˻ع飬߶֮ء֮·ʥ˵Ļҵ֮Уʥӵиӿֲҡɫ֮Ѿʥ˵֮УЩ߾ӵĽ䣬Ҳֻ·һ
ɫ֮
һǸʣдʥеһ±ѹס
ǡɫ֮ȻǹɱرȴԶԶһɱĵۼرһκκۼǡɫ֮һУӵıԵԼһؾҲһħ׷١
ʥ߶ѾֱɱǶǡɫ֮ѰҵЩʥߣһʥɡ
Щʥʮֳ֡ɫ֮Ŀֲһع飬kӵԵҲֻ·һ


1249 
ѩţȻˣôǾȥɣ
汪΢΢һЦһĨɭޱȵĺ⣬ɫĻһ´ӵk֮˷ɢȥ
һͷ峤ߴһü֮һƻһɫӡ˫˫֮ͬ»ӡ챪޾Ļֱ̤֮
챪ǿÿһ֮󶼻ӵʿĿֲʵkܹݾ档һ־˿ȷ֮ײ
챪ͷһɫӣһɫС顿汪ʵǶ֮λԾΪģϵߺǣԼ֮һǧʮʥƶɵر
ǡ顿ļӳ֮£һۼǿҲƾ汪ʵľա
汪ӡҫһֲޱȵľ滯һֲĿֲ֮ǻеϯȥ
ħҲһЦӡҫһ·Ȼ֡
һӽ֮䡿һۼرÿһŹĶǹħջܵĴ۶ɵĹߡħÿһߣܹ˵ұ˸ǿ
һŰٱ۾˵һ¸֣ɵ˹ħʵϡ
һޱȵӡҫһ峤ߴʮӵһֱۣÿһֱ֮жŲͬİٱ۾һ³Ƭ֮С
ٱ۾֮Ϊײе֮һʷ֮мصҲֹֻʮ˴Ρ
ÿһͷٱ۾˳֮󶼻ӵдʥĿֲвۼĿֲڡκһʥİٱ۾壬ӵпֲޱȵķܹһЩİۼǿߡ
ħһΪٱ۾֮һֱۻӶŸǻеźȥ
һ֣kµʥߡʥǶ׷׳֣˺ѲЩս˺ȥ
սˡϵеװ˻һֲޱȵĻеЩʥߡʥԼսɱ
һɫǻе֮ɨɫ֮еս˶ֱӷգһŻ֮׹䡣
ɫ֮еһͳͳɻҡ
ħսʥâҫӡҫһ汪ʵһ汪ֱӺȥ
Դʥ֮иֳޱȵӡһ֮һ¸֣̺ŵ汪ֱӾȥ
ʥ֮и֣߶ۼر߹סγһ֮汪ֱնȥ
ҫʥֳ֡ҫЫìһƬе֮й֣һì汪ʴȥ
ʥ֣汪ʷĵֿǻеŵʱ򷢶˾һûмʥܹס
һȺ潵ķٸǶעҪҵС
汪һЦ˫һģһԷһеĿֲɫ滯ɫϸԳԽٵĿֲٶ졣
ɫϸڲԴʥһԴʥֱӷ룬һɫĻŵkϲӡ
һɫϸߴԴʥ壬ħսʥһħսʥϵʮطͬ飬һϸȻ֣Ҽбб£һֱȣһɫĻϸ֮и֣ħսʥһΪ
ɫϸ˳ƶ£һһֱ֮֮ɢʥҲһɿֲޱȵķ֮֮£һ±ǧһѪɫĻڵk֮ϲȼա
ɫϸײǡҫЫì֮ϣҫʥͬһǺݺݵײһ㣬һ±ɳ巢һѵһ±һֲޱȵ档
һɫĹâ΢΢һԴʥħսʥԭʧһ³ǧ￪ѩС
ٶȰ壬ÿٶȣʹŮʣĳ֮һʱص֮һϧʱȻҵĵˣעҪ⣡
汪âһֲޱȵѩŷȥ
սˡϵеս˸ոսӽ汪ʾͱǿԷһеľȼճɻңеĽṹͳͳƻ
ʮŻеǳ֮ʮ֮йâҫʥڹâҫһƬԻʥߵĹ汪ֱӺȥ
汪ʵ΢΢һŤһŤޱȵĿռ両֡k·ͬĿռ֮Уܹǻеǳ
һʥڵĹں󷽵챪֮Уһ˲ͽ챪ʥߺɻҽͬʱʥֱش
汪צһ̽γһֱߴʮĿֲצֱӴ£һŻеǳֱӴȥ
ʮŻеǳ֮еâҫһγһ͸ķ֡
汪һצݺݵĴ͸ķ֮ϣֲޱȵľֱӱһٽǿԿʥǿ߹ķֱ˺ɷ飬һŻеǳ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صĿֲ֮УһŻеǳ㱻ֱӺñ飬ֲޱȵĻ潫һŻеǳմ
ʥɫ԰ףһĨ֮ɫǿ汪ʣתĹ̫ǿˣ
ҫʥЦ汪ʣЩתĹһǿ˾澹ȻܹѹסЩǱȹﻹҪϧڡ
ҫʥʥħԨʥ壬˽ƣѡ񳼷档Ҳ֪ǿǿ汪֮󣬲浱ܹС׵ۡ޵аǿߵת֮жôѡ
Լʥ߲ʥħʥ౻潵ĴʥһĻҲжҡĹâ
һȺӣֻгңǲһ·
汪һĨһŭХ̽צһץ޾ľһ¸֣γһֲޱȵľצֱץһŻеǳ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صıը֮УһŻеǳֱըѿֲޱȵɫ֮׷գһŻеǳƵճɻҽ
ǿֲޱȵľ֮У汪ͬһħ޵Уķ
ԼʥȴʥԼͶʥǿ汪ʣж¶һ˿η֮ɫ
Ͷɣǣǲһ·Ǽ翹Ҿһ塣ҽӵ˱¼ūõkܾĥǧꡢ궼޷ѡ
ħʻİٱ۾˶ڻĹֱһһŻеǳ֮ǰһֱһһŻеǳֱӺƬֲޱȵһŻеǳֱӺ顣
ڻǰٱ۾ϳСС˿ڣЩ˿ȴһֱ̾Ȭ˿˼㡣
ǺôĹ˭ǵӣȻҶҵĲ³֣
һһƬռ֮лص


1250 ع
棡
һһ汪ʵЦһ޾ĻǸȥ
棡
ħʻİٱ۾һĨɵ֮ɫһŤǰٱ۾˵ϣǸķȥ
ʥ
ϣ
棡

һ֮˷
ʥ֮йǱǿͬҲΪֲĴʥ֮һ֮һʥ߶ѾɣдҲѾ׷ɱü
С׵߲ۡµӡ޵еߵתɱۼʥУѾɢ֮·
֮һ֣һĴ̤֮߸һˣʯ
ʥˣ
ʥ
ˣʥˣ

ǹעߵʥߡʥǵ΢΢һЩû١һԵʥߡʥǶʱһȫϨ˼
챪֮еʥߡʥǿ棬Ҳ˵һϢһĨɵ֮ɫ
߲ʥԼʥʥһ棬¶һ˿˿ϲɫгһ
棬ֵ̫ˡڴѳɣܾѶħʣ
汪һĨâſһ磬һɾ湹ɵɫ˺ѲֱӺȥ
ħʻİٱ۾ֱһ̤һŤ죬ĵ·֮ϣһԽǰһֱֻۻӶһټͱֱӺȥ
汪ʡħʵۣȫĶܿռ䡣ʮֹϣûи淴Ӧʱ䡣
Сģ
Сģ

һ󾪺֮Ӱħʥʥд汪ʵٶʵ̫죬ЩʥҲûзӦ
ڶ̬
ϡסһ¸ֳصӡһ½ڶ̬һԳӡĻеҫޱȵԡ
ֱӺһȭһֻɫĶȻ֣һ˿˿ֲޱȵĲ֮кȥ
һֻɫĶǺݺݵײǰٱ۾еһ֮ϣٱ۾еһһĺñ飬˳ƴ˰ٱ۾˵ڡ
ǿֲޱȵĽһ±ͬһһ˷Ĵȥ
ͷٱ۾˵ǽĴ̻֮£һı飬ʥѪǰٱ۾˵ӿ񷡣
ǰٱ۾˵һģ仯Ϊ˹ħʵı壬Ѫӵk֮񷡣kصԼѪҺ޷ס
ôܣ
ħʿһתһ˵ۼرʥʵȵkǿһҲһkش
ǿǹħʣ޵һʱİkİٱ۾ӵпֲޱȵһۼǿ֮Ҳ֮ƥСôᱻʥһش

ЩԶ߷һеʥߡʥǼһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
ħһ·ɨѾչֳ޵еתĿֲսkİٱ۾˿ӲڻĺһſŻеǳݻ١
ĿֲڣȻһشٱ۾˵̬άֲסֱ˲š
һɫԶֱӽɡ
ɵ𣿡
̫ˡȻûеס汪ʵĹһΣˡ
һһ汪ʻǹħʶʥĶ֣һԶ̫дˡ

ЩԶŵʥߡʥж΢һ
׺ƹʥһЦʥˣǰһϲһʱ콾δĵߣ
޵У
챪֮һ´һ춯صĻ֮
һ汪ʻ棬kܹΪ֮·֮ǱǿĴڣӴޱȵԴ
磡
ѩһǵĿһƬֵա
Ǿʥ۷ǿ߶ܹ׷ճɻҵĿֲȻǿףҲδֵܹסǿֲľ档
ħʥʥҲһĨɫ
ȻȻܹҡ汪ʣʵȷʵϧע⡣ˣ
һŤޱȣһеĺڶɫ֮ڶһŤޱȣһеĺڶɫ֮ͳͳɣʱ֮ʣ·˲һ汪ǰ
ǡꪡ֮зɳӡҫʮѿգγһɫâ汪ֱնȥ
ɱң滹ʸ񣡣
汪һĨӡҫڵѪ֮ڣһԱ鲼ӡ˫һ»һɫĻնȥ
ն
汪յǿɱطkڵǵۼر顿ͳ֮¸Ƕѹһһ߾վŲҲᱻkֱնˡ
һԵޱȵɫâһɫĻһײһ
һɿֲޱȵһ±һɫâһ˲佫ɫĻֱնأ˳ն£汪ʵ˫ͬkֱնء
ˣȻ汪Ҳˡ
ô
һжȻܹתİ콾ܡ̫ˡ
ʥôǿ󣿡

챪ʥǼһĻ֮ɫԼ۾
׺ƹʥɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣkڶһ֮£Ȼһشõkг˿־塣
һɿֲޱȵɺڶ֮и֣汪ֱӾȥһĽ汪ɺڶ֮оȥ
ޱȵӡ֣һɫߴǡ֮䡿֮зɳ˹ħʵϡ
ħʵһŤ仯ΪһҰγһɫǹĳǹħˡ
ǹħͻһ崦ڳǹ״̬һǹ޼᲻ݣԽǿСһʥ߼ǹħ˵ħǹԹᴩһߵĻ硣
һɫӡ֣ħתٶȰ壬һɲ֮䣬Խٹľ룬ȥ
ǹħˣħʹȻֶǧ򻯡ϧ̫ˣ
ɺڶ֮һǡꪡ˺Ѳ񷣬׵һǹħɫħǹ֮ϡ
һɫâŰԵޱȣݻһеһᴩ˹ħɫħǹɫħǹնϣ˳ǹħʵնһ޴ޱȵĿӡ
汪ʵõһڴϢʱ䣬һӣһɫȻ֡
ɫ֮ӡҫһ˿˿ֲ׵İۼǿϢɫ֮ڸ֡
һͷͷһʯ壬ͨڣɢŤֲͷǿպҫʯȻ֣һɹɻײеĹâͷǿպҫʯ֮
ʥһĨ֮ɫͷǿպʯǴ˵֮ʮϵ壬նɱһۼǿߵаޡ˵֮УѾ汪նˣû뵽Ȼš


1251 汪
ǵתȻӵĵơ
Ȼkӵŵƣôã罫ƣʥع飬Ҳ졣
ۼǿ߶ԿơһͷͷǿպҫʯȻԿơǺҷųֻͷͷǿպҫʯ汪ʵkǡ
ڵľƱøӻˡͷǿպҫʯѾΪ˾ⳡսʤĹؼ

ЩԶʥǵͶӰһͷǿʯҫһĨ˷֮ɫһͷۼͷǿպҫʯӵпⳡսʤĿֲ
Ŀ΢΢һ׷ɱ汪ʣʮ־Ķͷǿպҫʯͷǿպҫʯһ۷ĿֲڣҲ汪ʵ긶˾޴۲ŽkѹһǿС
ʯһͷͷǿʯҫ֮һĨʣһ˿˿µĲӵk֮˷ɢȥ
ʱʥߵĿⶼϣûעʯͷųزơ
ǹ飬ߴʥڵǹֱ顣
Ƕʮ߿ŻеǳѾٵֻʣʮţڼսҲݻٵýʣڡ
ߴʥɵĿһ۵ʥġʹ˽ҹǿԵʲôûзҲԲΪУ
һ־ͽħʡ汪תͬ޵еİֱӻܣʵֱ졣ߴʥʱѾڵ˼㣬һ֮С
ϻôʲôڵƣռšɵ棬һһʱ䣬ͳɳˡһս޷ɵǽͳͳ֮ءΪϡ
ǽǴʥǳǽ֮һ̤
ǳǽ֮лжʮŻеǳд棬ǿȻӴޱȵĻеžɱš
ʥˣǵĲԡԸ⳥ʧ¾ʹ˽ҹΣսȥҲֻܾˣûκκô
˿һ±ħʥϴЦݴ̤֮
ħ֮ڣʮŻеǳд棬Ȼħʥûƴ
汪ҧгʮֲԸĵͷʥǵĴֻҪҹ£ǵ˳֮·ֻҪһ죬Ǿ;ԲΪУ
ûʧǿ⳥㡣ֻҪ㻹ţǾ;ԲΪУ
ħҧҰߵѺۺ˿ڣһεѪϵĴԼ֮е֮С
Ĺÿһ̺ɷɷûб߽֮ǰħʵ˿ڸ޷ϡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ɱʱʱ֣Ȩס
һ˿˿Ӻ󷽴üͷȻһչ
һЦΧӡҫǿֲޱȵɱ֮ķ
Ҫս汪ʣ
ǿĴۼǿټڰǿߵĵתĴʥ
̫ˣȻ˴ʿʵۣڴʥ֮ûз񡣡
ʥڣȻ׵˴ʥڡÿĽٶȣѵĵ̣ٽףҲսܹȵߡ

ЩʥߡʥһӦʵʵɱ⣬һĨ˼֮ɫ
ĵطҪҲʮѡǣҵĵ̡ȻˣͶҪˡ
һЦϵġסһ¸ֳޱȵӡ
ǲдŵĻеǳâҫ໥еһſŻеǳ֮и֣һ˿˿ޱȵ֣໥
һӡ˷ߴʥһӲĽߴʥֱӾһռ֮С
ߴʥŭ𣬻ǹҫĹһƬӡռ䡣
ߴʥĹ֮£һƬӡռ䣬һȴûбơ
汪֣Ҫƣݣ
汪ϵġ顿âҫĳȡŵkڵľ棬һ·ɳһŻǳŻԵͬһȼŵȥ
ǡ顿ȡ汪ʵȫһȻһ߱УҲˡҲ汪ǿһ
һŹɳһڹħʵϣkһŤһ±仯Ϊһͷžʮ֮ħ۵ħ۱
ħ۱Ҳһֲֿޱȵĳħ۱ٶӵ溣Ŀֲħ۱ħ֮Уÿһֻħ۶̺һ䣬˷ʤ
ħһħ۱֮󣬾ʮֻħһ棬ʮֻħ֮ëȻĹâһɫ֮⣬ϯȥ
Ǵʥкâҫ˫ָ߾٣˳һഫĵۼرɫǳ̤һɳɫγɵĵ·һԽǰǡɫǳޱȵԣȥ
ħʥȻһЦָϵһʥ߶ԿĹħ˿Խգڵķλȥ
ǹħ˿֮նȫӡȻǿۼǿߣһʱҲͻ˿ķӡͬʱǹħ˿ȴۼǿߵĻ綼ܹƣֲס
ĴǿߵΧһĨ֮ɫ
һͷ֮󣬾˫񣬷·һմͷǿպҫʯһһâȻ㵯ԽգųǴʥݺһҧȥ

Ǵʥɫ䣬һŤ޵ƱֱƵһǱȥ
ǡɫǳ֮Уһ´ɫĹâγһɫĽ硣
ͷǿպҫʯһҧһɫ֮ϣӲĽǳɫһҧ飬˳ڽǴʥұֱ˺
һɫʯâųǴʥ˺ѵӣɢ
Ȼңȥ
ǴʥһĨâһŭһšɫǳ֮Уķɳ̺ųɫĵǹꪣһâͷǿպҫʯȥ
ͷǿպҫʯͨʹǿպʯɣӲޱȣʥǿ߶Թơɫĵǹꪴ֮£ͷǿպҫʯһ±ᴩƬɫʯ֮Ѫ񷡣
ͷǿպҫʯâһһɫĹâһȥǴʥɱһ
һɺڶȻ֣һУǹ䡢۶ɿԷһеĹһеһͳͳɡ
һʱȻ֣һɺڶڲͬʱ㣬һɲ֮汪ʵǰ

һֻסǣ̺һֲӡĴִɺڶ֮и֣һ°汪ʵĶͷ
һӡҫǿֲף᲻һ޵е汪΢΢һŤһɲ֮ͱɺڶ֮ڡ
˶Ŀ汪ڱɽɺڶ֮ϣһŤĿ־;


1252 ɹħ
һɫâɺڶ֮նһն汪ϣ汪һնء
ֲޱȵӡҫ汪ʵԴkһ˲䣬䵽øɱޱȣ·һ߸ʬ
ľʮֻħһըѿѪۣγһŤ޴Ƕžʮֻħ۵Ĺħۡ
һֻħۣħ۱ֲһۼħ۱õһֻħ۵ʱпشһߡ
ֻдʥħ۱ܹõһֻħۣҵkһֻܹطΡ
һɾʮ۶ɣ׵仯һɵĹֱȥ
ħʥط
ħʥкâһָһһޱȵӡ֡
ޱȵħ˿Ȼۣγһɢһ˿˿Ϣ޴ޱȣžŰپʮŮ׵ĻĸӰ
ĸ֮еĵһֻ֩롣kһ˾ֳķʽáλ˿ǻĸµһá
ǻĸǿʱˡ鼶ΪʳkҲΪӽ޵аĿֲڡ
һͷĸӰһ֣ſһ磬һڹӵkĿֱ
һڹ̺ſֲޱȵķֽ壬һǻڹ壬һҲᱻֱӷֽ⡣
ǿ߲Լͬ淢һΪ汪ʡ
һ
һĨϷ֮ɫһЦһʱⳤΧ֣Χʱһ·ӿ졣
ɺڶ֮ڵ汪Ҳһ˲䣬֮еӡһһԴֱӱɣһҳɺڶֱ֮ӷɳ
һһ۵Ļʹһͷϸ֣һö֮УһŤĹâһɫĻȻ֡
ħ۱һֻħۼİһһɫĻ֮ϣһµǰɫĻһ˾ųɡ
дһʮֹĴĻһı֮ϡ
һҵʹطһöûгֹоӿͷһѣεĸоӴ֮д˼ά
ÿһʥʿӵ̺һ˿֮ʥͲ֮󲿷ֵ䶼ԵkЧ
ħ۱ͬΪ֮һĵkӵе䣬ȻʿʵۼǿҲҪɵ֡ġסˡɲĿʹڡ˿һħ۱İԻܵش
ħ۱ĵһֻħۣȻסϧħ۱ףʵȴ̫ˣ̬
ס֮ӡҫɺڶ֮һ¸ֳһֲֿޱȵӰ
һӰָһţԽ˿ռǹħʱ仯ɵħ۱ϷݻΪһɺڶħ۱ݺһѹ
ħ۱һŤһ±仯Ϊһٱ۾ˣӡҫŭſɺڶ
һڹһɲǾͳ汾ǰֱӺȥ
֮һҫһеǳֱӳǰһײǻڹ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صıը֮УһŻеǳֱըķѣе֮һֽ⣬ֹޱȵʣҲ޷á
ϳﲻ֪˶ٰ֡Ҳܹ˿壬һģսС
ǡꪡɺڶ֮һ´̳ͬһɫһ㣬һꪴͬǳһ޴İٱ۾ͷϡ
ǰٱ۾˴ǳꪡԵk˵ֱһǩ㲻ϣֻܹһۿɼĻҳ
ꪡһǰٱ۾˵ͷ­֮һ¹ᴩһٱ۾ͷ­ʮɫ̫һǰٱ۾˵֮ըѿǰٱ۾˵һ³ű
һɺڶһ¸֣ħʻİٱ۾˲кһɡ
ǹħҲ޵аӡҫһ±仯Ϊһž޴ޱȵĽɫʯ飬ֱӽԼӡ档
ǽɫʯǽҫƿصľطһʹþͻữһҫʯǿǧϡͬѩű仯Ϊʹ֮һǽҫǿıط
ħһΪҫʯԴһ½͵һ˵ĵز
еʥϵĴڶΧɱʥǲǶ֮أ
ħʥ֮һĨηͻ⣬ȵ
ЩڸеŲŵʥߡʥǶ߶طߺ
ֳֵۼرĴʥ׷ȫ߶ǵۼرܣ̺ſֲҲ˺Ѳ񷣬ȥ
ֳֵۼرĴʥսֲޱȣk֣һۼǿҲҪâ
Щսˡϵеս˳ûЩʥߡʥǵ˺ܶƣȴҲkǵıֱӻӲõkɱһѪ·
ҵĵ̣ǸΧɱңЦ
һĨһЦһָ
֮ڣʮڵ֮Уһ¸ֳʮšǳҪڡ
һâҫռȡһգʮֲףһУһеĹ֮кŲ֮һɨ
ǡǳҪڡɨ֮£һһʥֱӻɻңֳֵۼرĴʥҲֱ屻һֱ֣ӱش
һ˲䣬жʮʥߡʥֱӱɱʮ޾ʥʿս١ʮʥˣʮʥˡ
ʥֶΣ
ÿ£ʥõĺ֣ҲҪʹޱȵĴۡ
ʥ棬Ȼ̫ˣ

һʥǲֱ֮ӿһһһͨëȻ
ǡǳҪڡһ䣬Ĩȥһһսֱ˲˼顣
ûв롣ʥ棬̫ˣ
֮е̫龦ʥһĨ֮ɫkǴʥħʥߴʥǿ֮Ҳ΢΢һҪˣһٽϳ
̫龦ʥȨԥһ£ûвⳡսk֮ǰЩûвμӹϷʢ磬ȴҡ
һʱⳤӸ֣һɲ֮䣬˲Ƴ׹ƴʥǰɺڶ֮еӰһץһɺڶ׹ƴʥֱץȥ
ң
׹ƴʥʱ飬һַһ춯صĲҽ֮ͷ­ɫĹâֵɺڶʴ
һɺڶ֮ӡҫһ˲ͽ׹ƴʥֱС
һʱⳤɺڶΧ֣ɺڶʱ䣬֮䣬Ϊƹһǿߵ׹ƴʥͱֱһ߸ʬ


1253 ɳǴʥ
ƹ군ˣ
Щʥһ׹ƴʥɣжӿһͷ
ʧȥ˵ۼرɫǺƹҲܳΪһ壬ѹһ
һʱӿһɲ֮䣬ԽǺɫʥǰһץһֲޱȵɺڶȻ֣ǺɫʥֱӾȥ
ɫʥɫ䣬ӡҫȥ
Ǻɫʥ֮ͨ壬ɢ⣬ǡǳҪڡûиkɶ˺ǵkȴɰƣһkͻᱻɺڶ׵ɵһɶ
һֲޱȵɺڶһǣһΪ˿һ磬ɫʥһ¡

ɫʥɫ䣬ڣͷһ·ɳһö顿һ˿˿ӡɵĻ֣ɫʥεػ
顿˵һ֮ľѪγɵıֻо֮ͨǿ߲ܹ߶̺ŹĪȻЩ޵аǵرҲȻ޵رĿֲر
رǿϧı̫ˣ
һɺڶ֮и֣ǡꪡֱӷɳͬһ㣬նǺɫʥ֮ϡ
һŤĹâҫ֮ӡγɵ֮Ļһ±һնƣ˳ƽǺɫʥնء
ǿֲޱȵɺڶһ¸֣Ǻɫʥһɺڶ֮ڡ
ɫʥһɺڶ֮УԴֱӱ룬ʧһ˿ҳʣ
ɫǿ߱һ֮֮γɵĹڣһɱԴûʣ¡
ǿһɱһǿߡʥ棬Ȼ˿£
ÿµĹ
ǰۼǿߣҲһɱһǿߡʥʵøӿֲˡôô̵ʱ֮ڣô֮죿

ЩΧʥһĻжһǺɫʥҲһǿߣȻ԰ۼǿߣҲԵֵһԱɱĿֲڣвһЩʥ߻
һҫɺڶһ˲ƣħ˴ʥǰħ˴ʥֱײȥ
ħ˴ʥ°ѾǡǳҪڡʧˣһʣ²ɣһ֮䣬ͱǿֲޱȵɺڶɣԴĳ룬һɺڶ֮лɻҡ
ֳֵۼرĵǿ߼һĻһѾϵkǡ
ߴֳֵۼرĵǿһۼǿҲһսʤҲδ֪֮ɵkǱǡǳҪڡشűףơ
ħʥ֮кâһָһһֻĸӰһתͷĿһѩţſһ磬һڹѩֱӺȥ
ħʥ
ɱһţһһŻеǳֱ˲Ƴѩǰסһڹ⡣
¡
һ춯صľ֮УһŻеǳֱӱһֽ⡣
ŻеǳǲдĻеǳγɵĽ翪ʼһѺۣȻԳʱӡߴʥһֲޱȵİۼǿߡ
ߴʥħʥǴʥۼǿ֮УǿľߴʥΪˣkҲǵһӡĴڡ
ʥǴӦ׷һε顣ǿԵʲôûзǼսȥ۰ѩźʯҪ
ħʥ֮кâһָһһޱȵ˿һ˷˼ķʽʯʯֱӴȥ
ʯʱڲͷǿպҫʯȫں޷״̬޷ֵǹޱȵħ˿
ʯʯʣһʯ֧ߡȻˣkҲ֧һۼͷǿպʯ
ͷǿպʯӡ£Ѿ־壬ȱࡣſԱʥʯƿءȻˣǰۼͷǿպʯǴʥսѾʯļޣҲػ
ػʯǰһȻɳ໥һֲޱȵķȻ֡
һ˿һ´Ƿ֮ϣʮֹĴǷ磬ֱʯȥ
˿ħʥյһֲֿطӵвʥķ磬κν綼޷谭ǻ˿
һǧܽ׹γɵķѾԿһʥȫһȴ޷סǻ˿
ʥ֮½ϣΪûдﵽʥʿ֮ʥ鼶ĹİʥҲǺ޷֮
̬
кâһ΢΢һΣ뱳һӰһںһ
ǡס֮ӡҫһĦʯ֮ڣһӿ޾
һʱӿΧٶһ±ٱһɲ֮䣬Խ룬ʯǰָһһֲޱȵľȻ֣һǻ˿һ
һɫĻҫ׹ᴩ˽׽ľ㱻ǻ˿׷մ
棬챪Ѫ츳ôܻϡѵɰѾһ
ħʥһĻ֮һ˿˿⡣
ɰ㣬һһǿߣͿԽǿߵһͳͳɣһǿߵѪ츳Լְ塣
ܹɰǿߣħʥҲֻڴ˵֮˵Ǵ˵֮Уÿһɰǿ߶ֲޱȣͬ޵еĴڡ
һۼĽɰݻ˼Ŀֲһͬھ
ȻұƳ˵̬ȥɣ
һɱƬصкâҫһԽʱⳤӣڳǴʥϷһųǴʥֱȥ
һֻɫĶǴ֮һ˿˿ųǴʥֱӴȥ
ɱңʥ㻹ûǸ£
ǴʥͷǿպʯɱռϷ磬Ȼ͵ϮȻһ׺ᣬͷһųɫǳӡҫ̺ſֲޱȵĲײȥ
һֻɫһ´ǿųɫǳ֮ϣһֲޱȵĽɫһ½ǳɫǳ˺ѣһУᴩ˳Ǵʥ塣
ͷǿպʯһһҧӲĽǳǴʥһ˺ѡ
һɺڶȻ֣ǳǴʥһУųǴʥԴ
һʱⳤɺڶ֮и֣ʱ䡣
ɺڶ֮ڣǴʥһţһĻҳɺڶ֮Ʈ
ˣ
Ǵʥˣ
һۼǿߣȻʥС
ûж֮Ȼնɱһۣʥʲôʱ˿ֲkô˿ֲ׷ʲô

ڳʥ߿Ǵʥ䣬жӿһ˿˿⡣ǿһۼǿߣ֮·֮ľͷǿ߾ȻУ֮·˭Ķ֣


1254 ĸ
ͷǿպʯ΢΢һΣŤž޴һ³ʯǰ
ѩ΢΢һΣʥҫʥһɵͷǿպʯ
ͷǿպʯϾһۼĿֲһԷĿֲеkػͲҪħʥĻ˿
һ֮Ƭ֮и֣սȻ֣·֮ӵɱ֮Ļеš
ֲ֮·֮и֮еĻеŶͨǶԾɴ󣬳ս֮ϡ
ϵеսͬˮһֱӿЩжԵʥߡʥȥ
Щײϳ֣ߣֵŸֹ
Щʥߡʥǵĸֹɱ֮£һױֱӺƬЩΪһӲıϣܹ޼ɵĽһǿɡôǿᣬҲЩʥߡʥǵĹ
ʥʿǿ߹࣬Χɱһ޵еߡ
һ淢ʥߡʥϵеսΧ֮£һܵش
һ˿˿ޱȵĻòһƵʥ΢΢һһʥ˫֮һĨã
һʥãһ˲䣬߼Ѿ׳ΪʿͬڵkǰӶսһʥնȥ
Ѫҫһʥ߱ʿֱն顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǱնʥֱһһնɱʥֱɣŵkԴ
ÿһʥߵԴ˵Ǵ֮ʥߵԴܹԶʷ֮콾һߵһ
ħʥǴʥԼǰҳ䣬˿־塣
ߴʥǷӡ֮Уӿ񱩣ǹҫǷӡ֮ϣǷӡһѷ졣kʮһħʥ䣬ֵkˡ
ˣ
кâһĿħʥϣֲޱȵɱͬˮһ˷
ĸףң
ħʥɫ䣬һһֻӵоŰپʮŮ׵Ļĸһ¸֡
һĸĵ֮һŮֱӷɳ֮УŤӡ
һޱߡ·ᴩȥڡδʱӰֱӸ֡
һʱӰ֮УӵǳͶӰǳͶӰһͷ޴ޱȣЩǳڵkӴ޵֮¶ͬһϸСϳžǧŰپʮŮ׵Ӵ֩롣
һֲֻޱȵ֮֩еĵһֻ֩롪ĸkһ޵аĿֲڣ۷֮ʱΪʳҲΪӽߵһֲڡ
ʿ֮ʷѧҽпóһۡѪǻĸпܳΪ֮еһߡϧĸѪǿޱȣͬҲŵkõkٽһ㡣
һ˿˿Ťֲ׵ĲһֻӴޱȵĻĸ֮ѹա
Ƭ֮еǿ߿һͷĸжһĨ֮ɫkǻǵһο˾޴󡢿ֲޱȵĴڡ
һͷĸҪ÷˶һܹһǳ
Щʥһ޴ޱȣԻǳǵط޷طkҲֻܹһЩȽСǳ
濴һͷĸһĨ֮ɫǿ޵аĵߣÿֲĴڡȲ֮ǿ̫ˣ
һŮǻĸıһʮֹչ˿Ĳ֮£γһһͷڷȱľˡֻһû˿˰ԵǿϢ
ĸʿ֮ΪǿͿֲĴǻ֮һԶԶǿ֮ϡ
һ˿ޱȵӡǾ˵kӣ΢΢һţʥǻĸħʥҵŮ¿ҵϾʹ˽ҹΣ
΢΢Żĸһ񣬲ΰĻĸŮҪҵĸɱҪˣҵǶߵϣΰҲܵƾ仰ҷŹk
ĸʿ֮Ϊֲһڣڴ˵֮Уkһҧ˹һߣյһ䡣޵аĵߣȻǿ棬ҲĴ澴ηԸԵ޹˴С
ĸޱô˵ǲԸӣ
浭κðҵˣ븶ۡ
ĸȷʵʵֲޱȣkʱҲ̫ˡkǴ濪ٵʱһֱִĿֲڣ۵kʲôطʱʱⳤ֮뿪
ĸһʱʱⳤ֮ѣk̤ʱⳤӵһ˲䣬ͻᱻʱʴ긯ֻ࣬ʣ²
ħʥʮ⳥ʧ֮⣬طԻһֱѰҵĶ
ĸĬһᣬָһһɫĹâȥС
֮ԴƬ
ǽɫĹâһУ˫۶ʱһ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
֮ԴƬ߼ΪҪĺĲ֮һһ浮߻ʱ򣬱ԴѿŻᵮһ
֮ԴƬܹáÿһ֮ԴƬһʥءĸŻռһƬ֮ԴƬ
ɨħʥһ䵭ħʥֻҪ㷢ģӽΪУͿˡ
ħʥһӡҫһڤȻ֣³µףʼڤԡ
ڤ֮ħʥǻĸӰһݣһԭʧ
ʥҲħʥս֮ʧ
ʱⳤ֮Уһ΢΢ͷһŤһŮףһ·ɵ˻ĸ֮ϣ˫ۡ
һʱⳤӵӰҲպʧ
ˣ
ûϣˣ

ЩڼսŵʥߡʥǼһĻжһĨ֮ɫħʥһۼĿֲǿߣҲǵkĴڣ΢Щɵħʥȥս֮ϣֻʣһʵȰۼĿֲڡ
һâҫһʥߡʥ˷ȥ
ӣҲԣ˵ĵӰɣ
кâһһЦָһǡɫֱ֮Ӹ֣һ˿˿ޱȵϢǡɫ֮֮и֣Щʥߡʥķһա
һ˿˿˵ϢЩʥߡʥڵķûһ桾ɫ֮ڡ
мһĻĵжʥߡʥɫһףһĨ֮ɫ
һһ˿Ϣǡɫ֮УӵıԵҲ޷׷ɱΨ棬ܹѡɫ֮ӳա


1255 ߴʥ
ɨЩѾһһЦɭޱȵҪͶ͸նɱ챪塢ħ塢塢ǿߣֻɱkǣõkǵ׼ܹǻͶʸ񡣷Ǿ͵űɡ
ɱ
׼һã
Բ˴ˣ׼һ£

Ѿһ˲ֱЩѾ֮еʥߡʥǷĴǿ幥ȥһеȡǻŵĻᡣ
ʥ£˵Ļۿۡ
ʱ򣬳Щɱʥߵ֮⣬嶼ɱһա
ǡɫ֮УЩӵдʥıӻӵıԵҲ޷׷ɱΨһĻ·ɱĴǿߣȡһͶĻᡣ
Щ쵰
ǾȻұǣ
Щ¼Ķס֣
ɱЩͽ

ĴǿҲ˫۳죬ȥĸɱһ
Ƭ֮е㡣
µǿӴޱȵĻеһΧɱĴԼkǵ˸ӹ
ƴ䣬˶ѾĴܾѶ
ס֣ʥɱҡҲὫеĲƸ͸㣬һ·ɣ֪һʵҵĵַֻҪһ·Ҿ͸ǸʵҵĵַǸַֻһ֪
ߴʥײǻеǳ۶ɵķӡ
ɨߴʥһߴʥҸһλᡣȻһᣬܾҵ⡣ҪۡضΪ޴壬ΪҼǰ̤ʯ
κһߵĵ̤ǿߵʬһǰΪһҪԴʵ̫ˡû㹻ԴôţҲܽ׵ߡ
ʥܹܲҵϣŹߴʥһΣҿԱ֤ӽ𣬵kҲΪСڼ֮κһۼǿ߶Ҫսðװ˷ս֮С
һҫ״ʥһ֮̾зɳ
̫龦ʥҲ̤֮ûʥҲŹߴʥŹ塣ȻԽk֮ĵȥ
֮Уһҫһһͷɫһ⹹ɵĹ⺣ʥ֮и֡
ǻһ˿˿βĹ⺣ʥʥһӡĹߴʥһΣǻʮ⳥ʧҲߴʥڤԣkԶΪСһ䣬ĸ߼սʧ̫ˡ
ۼǿ֮·֪֮ǿ߲ʮˡⲻʮİǿÿһӵпֲޱȵս֮Ҳ
Ŀ絶ޱһȥǲӣǲҪҿս
̫龦ʥһӿһ˿˿ʮֹϵҪ̫龦Ըһ֮
ʵٶ̫졣֮ǰһۼǿߵĶ֡ȴǴʥǿ߶У̫龦ʥ־塣
ÿһ߶̤ǿߵʬǵǶ۷壬̫龦ʥɲΪµ̤ʯ
̫龦屾гҸڶ̫龦忪ս̫龦˵ֱһجΡ
״ʥ΢΢һ̾ʥߴʥȻðȨԵkκδáֻϣܹ࿼һ£ΪһԪ
⺣ʥ΢΢һЦʥôߴʥ顣ִҪ壬ҹ⺣Ը𡣾콫ǼҲܹౣһԪ
ǻеǳӡ֮Уߴʥ¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
̫龦塢⺣嶼壬һΧˣԻ壬һѪʣ¡
浭ߴʥλʥϡҸһᣬֻҪ㷢ĵҵū֮ͣ꣬½ơҾ͸һ·ҸͶȨֻʮʱ俼ǡҪǲӦ͸һɡ
ҴӦ㣡ʥ
ǻеǳӡ֮ڣߴʥһ̾ǹҫһ»ָΣ·һ²ʮꡣ
ۼǿÿһһʱǣ콾һػ񡣺аۼǿԸ˵ͷ
ߴʥԶŻΪ壬档
ӡߴʥü֮и֣ӡγһǳɵӰ
صĻеǡס֮һ´ߴʥγɵӰ֮ڣγһصӡʴߴʥꡣ
ʥرǿ
ȻԿưۼǿߣǿµر

ڳǿ߼һĻж΢΢һݡ
κǿһʥߣͻӵв֮ͬʱ֮Ҳӵһ˿ԡκηֶ֧Σڵkǵ֮ЧΨеkǿ꣬пڵkǵֽ֮š
ܹһۼǿߵ֮½ƣȻߴʥԼ꣬ҲѾΪֲ
浭Ͷȥҵĵ˰ɣߴʥ
ǣϣһΪĵˣ
ߴʥһ֮ӡҫһֳǸǳ޴ı壬ս֮ȥ
¡¡¡
һ춯صıը֮һƬ֮
ߴʥ֮һǳֱ֮һǸǿ߱㱻ɷ顣κʥ߶ԵסkĹ
ӴޱȵĻеŸߴʥһ·ֱײնɱŵˡ
ߴʥս֮ȫǿһɢһĴһս
ޱȵսһһҹľ֮֮еʥߡʥ󲿷ֶԼĲ»ɱ
汪ʡħʡǴʥ䱻ʥնɱħʥӣߴʥʥ֮
սûȫһϢʥ̳֮ϣʥ̳һըѿ
ʥˣ
ô᣿ʥع飬ҲܻɱǴʥǴʥһۼǿߡ
ߴʥڰۼǿ֮УҲǰеΰڣôܳ棿
ǿۣתĴʥôʥߡʥ׷棬ôܻᱻʥܣ
ܣϢһǼٵģ
棬ıʥԲôǿ󣡣

ʥ̳֮УʥǶ۷׷ף˲šûܹǿΧ֮£նɱһۼǿߡ


1256 ޵֮·
ģʥ汪ʡħ֣תİնɱǴʥҲնɱʥʵѾҡ
״ʥ״ʥ
״ʥ¸أӦò˵ٻô˵ģʥĻۣתĴʥ

״ʥһʥ̳֮Уʱһ䶯״ʥ֮·֮ϵһۼǿߡkһڣʱʥ߿ʼǸʵ
ʥǿ֮·֮УѾûмܹΪkĶ֡kʵѾԶԶ֮ϡ
һϢһ³ʥ̳֮ϡ
̫龦ʥkҲˣ
²١
ҵʱҲڳʥȷʵ汪ʡħʣ
ҲڳǴʥȷʵǱʥնɱˡ
Լľ˲ءʥߡʥʥնɱʥִơɫ֮Щʥߡʥһһɱ̫ˡ

һһʥ֣߳ս֮зһСеʥ߶Ϊ֮
ʥȻսȰۣ̫ˣ
ôô죿״ʥʮ꣬ô˿٣
ʥڣͨɰ壬Ҳܽ׵֮죡ɲǵת

ЩʥǶڲ²Ϊʲô˶̵ʱ֮ڱǿ
ɱۣôô˿ֲ
֮·һ޴ޱȵѪ֮УǻƽһĨ֮ɫһһ˿˿ʥ
ƽһѪӣӵп鼶Ѫ츳ǿסkڽ֮·󣬱ѰҵһأѪһ·׵˴ʥ֮
һʥ߽׳Ϊʥһޱȵ顣Ҫ֪ʥ߼ǧꡢ궼ֻʥ߳ڵĴڣҪһʮѡ
ߵʱƽӵĽٶҲѾ졣Ľٶǰȴֵһᡣ
ƽһĨһ̾ھʿʵۣ壬ѵҪһھʿʵ𣿡
ʱѾɱۼǿߣͬ׵ǿ֮Уûܹ֮档ƽôģҲѾ֪ԼĶ֡
֮·Եһؾ֮ڣһޱȵĹ
һĹ֮УѻĺǣĺǶ߲ʱµĺۼȻһ˿˿ʥЩǵǰʥ鼶Ŀֲڡ
Ĺһʮľ޴һ˿˿ͷ޴֮
ǲ֮ͬϣûһ˿ʱµĺۼһͷ޴ûһ˿겨ûܹͷѾһʬ塣
һɫ·һߴףӡɫ̳
Ǽ̳һˣӡ
һɫ̳ؾ֮ڡ
һӴޱȵʬ֮Уһ˿˿ޱȵ֮Ҳ룬ûڡ
һɴʥڵĿֲ
汪ʡħʡǴʥʥȻ˿£Ȼۼǿ߶С
˫ۻƣһĨ֮ɫһ̾
ӿһһյk֮·еıأڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣѾΪʥڵĿֲڣԽ˻ƽӡǵkʵȻԶԶȲЩۼϹ
ۼϹﶼܹɱ׵kĲԽԽ󣬼׷ϵĵز
֮·һؾ֮ڡ
һȼŷ֮ףߴ֮ͩϣһ޴ޱȵķ˳һ˳֮ɣǿޱȵķ֮
һ޴ޱȵķ˳ԳһС磬С֮ڣһĹ
֮һֻķȻ쾫Ĺ浮ķһЩȴϲԼĳѨ֮ڣ칬֡
ǹһˣ绪޾ףǷ˵Ů
˵Ů֮һĨӵĹâһ̾汪ʡħʡǴʥѾʥС֮·ҲûĶˡЩʱⳤ֮г˯ϹǲѾ޵У
˵ŮҲһʱľ콾ͬ޵еĿֲڡһȣԵȻʧɫ
Ȼ˵ŮҲ֮·֮л˷ŵ౦أȻԶԶһۼǿߵĶ֡ʥҫʥƴʥҲֻܹǿ⡣
ʥ̫ˣ
壬Ҫھʿʵۣ
޵֮·ˣ
ÿٶȣ˵˴ʿʵ۶޵֮·ǣûһô졣
ʥֻʷ֮ϣԵһʥˣ

һ֮֮·ش
̳֮߱·̿͵̳С
ûַ֮˴ɱʥ񡣡
Ǵɱɹʰٷ֮٣һ񣬾ʹûʧֵûַ֮񡣡
Ҳûа취Ͼ˿ʥǴʥǿ߶Сû֮ɱʥҲĶ֡
˫Ҳˣ
еǵ˶ִɱǿʥŭkǻὫԼ嶼Ԩ
ۣ֮еһĻ֮ۻûз񡣡
ۣ֮Ҳkϣܹɱʥɹ
ǻܹ֮ɱʥɹô¶Щ̿ͣ

̳֮߱ڣҲӿۡ´ɱĴ̿Ͷʮֹϵķ˴ɱ档
ӵۼرػκһ֮һ˿ۼֱǡɫ֮УǾ;޷׷ɱ
̳֮߱УеĴ̿Ͷϣ˴̿ͰһλĻ֮ϣڴŵkܹ漣ɱ档
Ļеڼ֮󣬱һ·ɨ塢챪սܵһ·ɨȥ
ǻе֮׾ٵĽеǳһһա
챪ӴıһһϺݺݵҧһڡЩһ濴챪ǿĵ̣һʵҶ֣ҸڽkҲ̲kǵĵ̡
¶һЩҪЩϵЩʵʵҶĲ£ӹһ
̫龦ʥ⺣ʥ״ʥۼǿ־ЩҪΪеЩǶѡ
һʥѾѹ֮·ټ֣˻·
ħʥȻӹһ٣Ҳȸ֮һ档
̲Щǿ֮Χһ·ͣΪ֮·ʵĵһ


1257 ɨַ
֮ڣһռһľ޴еҪ֮ڡ
ڿԿʼˣϧһҪϡԭ֮ʯܹԭ֮ʯҵͿƳԽƼ߼ء
澲վһ㳡֮ϣһƽ̨֮ϣһֱߴһλеȥһĨϧ֮ɫ
һεĻе߼سΣλеΧصӡ
һ˿˿ޱȵĹâƣӴޱȵԴԴϵĴ˷ӿûԲеڡ
ԭ֮ʯһʮϡĿʯֻҪһ㣬ͻøֺϽӵпֲǿȡ
ʱ߼ذƷһ롾ԭ֮ʯȼͻһǧȻһʿʵۼǿҲ׽߼طơ
һ߼صĳһĨڴ֮ɫĦʯ֮һ߼صӿֲڴɵһ졣
һ߼һɹɣһʿʵۼǿߣҲĽ֮ѹ
Ͼһ߼ѾĿƼںʿ塢ʯԼָ淨Ŀֲڡ
ĵ·һɰ塢һǻеһ߼ؾͳһ·е
ĬĬڿ֮·֮еַˡ
һâ΢΢һԭʧ
һԲε߼سλӡҫϱøǿ
һ˿˿ҫһѾʿ۷ϵеս˳߼س֮ǰ
һе߼֮Щϵеսڡ
һӡĻе֮Ȼ֣Щϵеս˰С
ǻе֮УЩϵеս˶ڲϵĽøӵǿһ˿˿ʥǻе֮л
߼սµһ׽Щʿϵս˽ʥ֮
ӵһʥߺηΧһʿʵۼǿ߶ܹɱ
ϧʥߵޱȣһϸӹҲֻһʥߡЩʥֲľżӵиԵ˼άܲһеΧһʿʵۼǿߡ
Ϊˣ߼սص׽Ե˵Ŀֲӵ㹻ʥսˣһ߶Կ⡣
ַ߲Ͽ֮У߲ϼ⡣
Ͽ֮һ߲ϼγɵĳӣһʥ߾߲ʳӸ߲ʳӿȥ
һ߲ʳ֮Уʱʱһͷͷ߲ϼޣÿնɱһͷ߲ϼޣЩʥǶܹ߲ϼ̺֮ŵķ
Ȼ֮䣬߲ʳһڣһͷͷɢ߲ʹâ߲ϼ޴ǳ֮ӿХЩʥȥ
ǿޱȵҫЩʥǶ߲ϼȥ
һսڹâҫ̫ףһͷ߲ɱ̫ס߲ϼ໥֯ɱ
һͷ߲Ǵսһצ˺飬һ߲һûһִսڵڡ
Ǵսڹâһһ±һòȴһ˿˿Ķꡣ
һȥʮ˾꣬ͷϳһֻɫǣޱȵĻŮһݵǰ״磬߲սʥڵǿڣ㾹Ȼ˼򵥾ͽkɱ˲𣡡
Ԫһ̾ɱһͷ߲ʲôˣһԶˡ߲ϿȵҲǵkĶ֡
ǻŮһΪȻЦôܣ߲Ͽȵ޿ǿȰۼĿֲڡ֮·УҲûмǵkĶ֡״磬һҪ׷ϵˣѵһۼϹ
Ԫǰۣڻǡ
һ߲ʳӺȻڹ߲ϼ޷һ춯ص˻֮׷Ͽȥ
߲ϼҫһͷͷʨͷͷȴֱ̬ۣһЫβ߲ϼ޴߲ʳ֮߳
ޣ
߲ϼ޵ޣkô֣
ӣ

߲ʳԱߵʥһһͷޣʱɫ䣬׷ʩչط˷ȥ
һͷ߲Ͽ֮ΪֲİһֱϢ߲Ͽٳ֡һ֣ͻʥ䡣
Ԫһһͷ޶ʱɫ䣬ǻŮһԶȥ
һۼĿֲҲɱһʥߡ
ô£ûзkڽ䱸ʲô
ԪȻ΢΢һһƬ֮пȥ
ֻ֮һ֣һӰֳ֮߳Ρ
ԪһĨ֮ɫʥ
ʥ
ʥ
ͷӦΪʥų֡

Щʥһͣס˽Ų۷׷ס
һͷ߲ϿȵҲһ裬Ķ档
ӡҫһ˲һͷ޵ǰֱһȭݻγһǳͷ߲޺ȥ
ͷ߲޻ҫ߲ϼ⣬ͷ­ɫħ⡢ɫľ⡢ɫĻ֮⡣
عâһһǳֱӱ顣
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߲ϼⲻϵҫն𵴣ֲޱȵ˷ɢȥ
Ůѩ״磬Ǹһֱ׷ϵ𣿡
ԪŸޱȵĹâһ̾ûǸ˾һֱ׷ϵˣʥ棡
Ԫǰսħսʱ緢ԴӰУ㽫еĽУһеʵǣҲԽţΪһʥʿ
ʲôʱһʥʿһĶ㡣ߵʱʥʿҲǿߣһϵػ
ԪԼһֱ׷ϵĿѾۼǿֻ߽ռϷ磬Ȼʮָӡ
ǻŮȻһЦסԪĴ֣״磬Ҫһ죬׷ġ׷׷·ϣҲԼʶķ羰
ԪĬһᣬǸ֮·ŮһĨûԶ׷ϲ׷·ϣҲԼʶķ羰ܿһΣ뿪ͽɡ
֮ܿһųޱȵɣЦ绨ã
һɫâᴩ޵壬޵ͷ­һն£һɺڶȻֱ֣ɡ
ӡҫһ߲޽һᣬֱɢӴޱȵûڡ
û뵽ﻹˣ
߲֮ĿɨԪһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫȻջĿ⣬΢΢һδԭʧ
߲ϿȡԻǳһַ֮Ѱİÿһַ֮뿪ʵ


1258 ״ʥ۷
ַǵһؾЩַȫʢʱ򣬾ʿʵۼǿ߶ѹڱݻ٣һַ֮󣬾ͺӵܹвߵַ
ȼĪ⡢ȱַ֮⣬ַֻӵвۼǿߵ󲿷ֵַ޷вۼǿȫ
ʵʱѾԶͨİۼǿߣȻһ·ѹЩַͨھԪ½֮УõһöԽĹʵǱȫı䣬Ѿ˷츲صı仯
ڴԽ֮λʱֻһʵµͨˡǾֽ֮󣬴ʱѾԽ֮ǿߣΪʵľ콾
ʱת˲š
֮Уշתһһַ
֮·֮УһյַҲ濪ţƾ
ȻΪյַҲЩľӢǽ
һ֮ڡ
˫ۣصӡ֮и֣һɴʥ۷ĿֲϢֱ֮
ķ˰ʱ⣬ڴӴʥͻƵ˴ʥ۷֮
һĨâһ̫̾ˣʱܹͻƣҪΪۡޣ֪ҪķѶʱ䡣
ƽʱ򣬰ʱɴʥͻƵʥ۷Ѿþˡ汻һöԽĹʵıֻ̬֮Ҫǧʱ⣬ͿͻƽΪһۼǿߡ
ǹѾ棬һһûڹ߽֮ǰ㡣ôʿ˶ΪĶʳ
һɫĹâ΢΢һԭʧ
һ乬֮ڣʥŮһ֮ϣĴŸ
һâ΢΢һʥŮ󣬿õıӰ¶һ˿Цݡ
֮·Ů֮УѩšʯʵΪǿᡣǶԹһ޴ûжȤʥŮ߿ߣֱ̫Ԩ
ʥŮһʥߣλ߿Ҫߵö࣬רŸ
£
ʥŮ΢΢һһ
΢΢һЦʥŮ𣺡ҷһض񡣶ˣҪǼ𣿡
ʥŮ֮еġ֮һħ֮k֮󣬡֮Ҳûгֹ˵ɴĻ֮·˵֮С
֮ɫ֮˵ɴĻ̺֮֮˵İ塣
˵İҲǽ׳Ϊ߱ƿصİ塣ȻҲܼߵĴӵЩҪ˰ҲԽĿֲڣʿ֮Уȴֻһֽĵ·
һ·˲ϣ˵ʯĿƼʾҲֻĪ˰壬һ˿ܽ׳Ϊߡ
Ѿ״ʥ۷壬ֻһܹ׳Ϊۼǿߣ̤㲻ѾʼΪ׼
ֻнߣа߿⡣򣬾ߴʿʵ޵аľǿߣǰҲֻ·һ
浭޹⺣Ҷ¥ɺŵҡҪ롾֮ڡ
֮ڡ֮·֮Ҫַλ֮·λá
һ桾֮ڡػֱ޹⺣Ҷ¥ɺšֻлϿɣkǲŻִһ֮ͨڡĵ·
Դ֮ͨڡĵ·֮⣬һʿʵۼǿҲɵ˺գƾһ֮ͨڡĵ·
Ŀǰʵ޷һ֮ͨڡĵ·
ʥŮȻһЦǣ£kǻʮΪһ֮ͨڡĵ·
ʱƿصѾΪ֮·֮еһ˿ɵС֮·епܻ档
ҲǼܵ飬Щ֮Ҳӵо޴ìܣ֮йϵʲôŭԹ飬Ƶõkǲò֣kǸΪС
һۼǿҲֿһ֮ͨڡĵ·ȴԲΥ
谭̤ʿʵ۵·Ϊ֧淢һ֮ս
κһҪߵľ콾谭Լǰ·Ĵڡ
ûκĻһȥʮѸٵĴϢkԸΪ濪һ֮ͨڡĵ·
֮·һ֮С
һһĹâ΢΢һһһʥߴԶٵƬ֮С
һƬޱȵĿռ֮Уһâ΢΢һ̫龦ʥһ»֡
ؿռ֮е״ʥ΢΢һЦ̫龦ʥҲˡ
̫龦ʥһ̾ṳ̂롾֮ڡĵ·ҪٴαˡȻҪһ£⡾֮ڡѾ򿪰˴ΣÿһνĶʿÿһδӡ֮ڡгʿ̤򣬳Ϊʿʵۡ⣬ʥӦþĵھʿʵۡ
һߵĹ⺣ʥҲȻһ̾ھʿʵۣ棬Ǿ壡
Դʱ֮ǵ߾֮ǿĴڣһ߾Ϳһ𣬳ưһʱ
ˡ֮⣬ܹһ߾Ѿʮ˲
ЩȻųƵ壬ʵϵk֮д󲿷ֶֻǵۼǿߡ
յū塢壬Ȼ˰ʿʵۼǿߡ֮·֮ļʣѹӡ
֮֮·ҲûдģǸ嶼¸ҵڣkֱ壬ӶkǵһвƸء
һƬؿռ༸ۼǿҲһĨ֮ɫ
֮һҫһҳǧͨɫսֱӷɳսĶһˣ档
ʥ
ʥˣ
Ȼǽ죡kҪ롾֮ڡ
ֻ²֮󣬾Ҫھʿʵˣ
Ӧþ彫ĵھʿʵۣ

֮еһʥ߿ս棬һĨ֮ɫ
״ʥĿһۣһĨ֮ɫkֱǿˣ
̫龦ʥЦһǧǿ£תûô£
⺣ʥҲ΢΢ͷ
ǳԽĹʵǿ֮෽涼ѾЩתľ콾
ʥ
޹ʥҶʥɺʥǿһ·ɵǰ΢΢һǿ֮У޹ʥһۼǿߣǿ򶼽ֻǴʥ۷Ĵڡ


1259 ֮
ʼɣ
һߵǿǰ΢΢ͷ
޹ʥĬģָһţһعԵͼۼر޹֮Ȼɳ
һš޹֮赽֮УӡҫһīһйâĹʴǡ޹֮ӿγһƬһйâĪĹ캣
һƬ캣Ťûգ·ӵڤڤա
ǹޱȵĺһһҹһĪ⣬ɢһ˿˿Ϣľ޴ʯӰ޹֮ľͷ
һ޴ޱȵʯھ֮·ΪĪַ֮ڡʱ֮󣬼еĵ߶ǡ֮ڡ
ʱ֮ûн롾֮ڡȴΪߵǿֻ߽вˡ
˴ʿʵ۶֮ڡ
ҶʥĬģһ֣һعâĽɫۼرҶһ·ɳ
ǡҶâҫӡֱӷɳγһƬƬɫҶһƬƬɫҶ޹ۣ֮֮γһɫС
޹֮֮еĺˮʴһۼǿߣΨ̤ǡҶγɵĽҶ֮ϣֵܹ޹֮ʴ
ɺʥһ֣һֻӡɢ߲ʹâĵۼر߲šһ¸֡
ǡ߲š֮ųһ߲ʵĹâһ߲ʺţ޹֮вϵĴֱӵִ޹֮ľͷ
޹֮֮ͨڡĵ·Ҷ޹⺣֮кУ߲ʺǴԽޱ޼޹֮Ľݾ
ȱһɣȱκһĵ·Ҳִܵ֮ڡ
һֱӵ˽Ҷ
Ҷ֮ӡҫһ³һԽɫĳ΢΢һģ߲ʺ֮ڡ
߲ʺŹâ΢΢һֱӾǽҶ޹֮ȥ
ʮ߲ʺűŽҶԽգ޹֮һ֮ϡ
һȻΪһ죬ʵȴһֱߴһľ޴½
Ǿ޴½һߴĺɫʯڣǺɫʯ֮µӡɢһ˿˿Ϣ
ǡ֮ڡߵ·ʯڣҲǼ߰ʯڡ
濴һɫʯڣһĨâǡ֮ڡȥ
ǡ֮ڡеĹ򶼱ŤȻǿ棬Ҳֻܹһȥʧȥһ
֮߳оһɿֲޱȵƾն֣һѹϣ·һ±һž޴ޱȵǳ
浭һЦǰСĿǰʵ㱳һǳҲѹ
治ǰһѹҲڲϵ
ǡ֮ڡıԵ֮أϱѾߴһٿǳ
ǡ֮ڡɶҾȻ֮ڡ޷ɶ񣡣
һŹǣ׵ĹǿӰһ¸֣һʵŭ𣬻һŤĹâʧ
ʷĺۼ
Ӱһۣһ˲һǿºۼ
֮ڡߵĵ·һܹܹþ޴ĺô˵֮Уûһǿܹڽ֮ǰ֮ڡ
ɺޣΪʲôҵʵô𣿡
ǰ˴Լʮһױǿٴθ֣һŭȻһʵʧ
һ·ǰУһӰ֣Ȼʧ
֮·һƬĻľֱͶӰƬ֮С
ǡ֮ڡеķûнֹͶӰĴڡ
̫龦ʥȻ˵ܹ̤𣿡
нǿߵûн֮ǰ̤ˡ֮ڡһǧﷶΧ֮ڣһǧҲ֮Ϊ
״ʥ
⺣ʥҲĬĬͷ
ļۼǿ߿Ҳͷ
̫龦ʥһЦ˵ܹ֮ܲڡ
һΣƬصĿռ֮˶˳Ĭ֮С
˵֮УֻӵнΪǱǿߣܹڽ֮ǰǡ֮ڡ
ʷ֮Уܹڽ֮ǰʹ֮ڡˣһûмء
״ʥԥһӦÿԣ
⺣ʥĬһᣬ΢΢ҡͷһ㡣ߣûô׽
ĸ֮жĴڡ治㲻ࡣһ߸Ϊԭ긯
ҲѽĴڡʱִŵʱѾʮꡣ֮У콾֪޵аšܹˣһûС
ʥĬһûʥҲһ㡣
ʥʥǿ졣ʥǿǴ壬ӵǿʥ֮ĸԼѪĿֲʥǿ˶ӵ溣ϵսʥҲһۼǿߣʵ˿ߴʥ
༸ۼǿҲ΢΢ͷkǶǿޱȣҪ㣬ȴûô򵥡
ǿߵע֮£漸Ǻľ˾롾֮ڡһǧﷶΧ֮ڣ׾ٵ̤ǿ߸޷ĵ
ϧֻܹߵ
һף˫۷·̺ǳһ³߷һ̾Ϣ
濴ǿޱȵһһĨâǳ֮kڽʿʵ֮ǰȻһ
˴ʿʵ֮Уǳ֮ȻҲһ޵аǵkڽΪʿʵ֮ǰȴ޵С
ֻԽǳ֮𣿿ϧҲʲôǳ֮ԳΪ޵аҽҲܹΪ޵аԽk
ǰ˼ʮһ𷢱ۣһ¸֣ŵĽЦš
ǳ֮Ҳ
濴˳֮һۣǰ
û뵽ǳ֮ˣһûгɶҽһᳬԽǽ㣡
һһͷҷĿ࣬òӢȴЩ̱ӳʵĺš
ǿ֮Ҳݲʣõkڱ÷񡣡
濴ǿ֮һۣ΢΢һ̾ǰ
ҳԽ˿֮ǳ֮һǿģرǿһرı塣Ҳһ֮㡣
һŸرݰףӨЦʮ˵ľЦĹ측š֮ڡ
ħ֮˵֮һԸʵꡣ˵Ȼ٣ħ֮ȷʵһ֪֮ɹûС
濴һۣһЦǰ
ǰ˼ʮһĸߴ󣬻ȴһϢ֮Уݱ䣬˫֮ûһ˿һ³֡
濴һӣһĨâ֮˴ʿʵ֮еΨһ֡


1260 ʱ֮
ֻ֮һͨʿkʵֻ弶ϵȣֻĽ֮ǿkһ÷ӣǰʮҸ
֮ڽǿʿʱ򣬵kΪ˱kǿɱҲ˶񶾵ķķѡ
֮Ϊ˸ԼӲ̤ǿʿ֮·սյǶ۷Ϊʿʵۣ޵С
Ȼ֮ǶʿʵҲȻ޷kӣΪk飬һڤӣϴһŰֽ
֮һ죬kӵʿʵ۵ֻҪӵ溣ֱӸʱƣҪkӵѶҲԽԽ
һǻ꾭ڤϴ֮󣬾ͻᱻϴһŰֽм䶼ᱻֱϴȥ
Ҫһڤϴǻ飬ֻн㣬Ϊߣܹתʱ͹򣬽һڤϴǻֱӸ
֮ʿʵ֮Ȼ뾡һа취ԼӣһûӭȢڶŮˡ
֮վԭأ֮ڣгרע
Ŀ֮һۣǰ
ʱ֮֮һᳬԽǣһᣡҲĵһǿߣ˶볼ҵĽ¡Ҳ⣡
һĿ֮࣬ϹһСӡһͷɫ䣬òһԵâҫ
ħ֮˵֮УkһҪԽʱ֮֮Ȼ٣
濴ħ֮һۣǰ
ھǡ֮ڡһٹĵطһһɫУߵǿȻ֣Զ
֮صһʿʵۡkĵ˶Ѿòࡣk֡ڶһɡkԼĨȥ˴󲿷֣ڳ˵k껹ŵĲ֮⣬Ѿûж֪k
濴ǴźɫеĽ֮һۣǰ
Խ֮мǿޱȵǿӰ֣涥Ǿ޴ޱȵѹһǡ֮ڡǰ
kߵˡ֮ڡǰ
Ȼܹߵ֮ڡǰ
ǡ֮ڡԴӱһǵߣȴߵ֮ڡǰˣ

֮·֮еʥߡʥжһĨ֮ɫkǶѾµһ̤ȴû뵽Ȼܹǡ֮ڡǰ
ҵļ޾ˡһ֮ǵһܼ̫ͣ޷֧һߵĵ
һĵ̾Ϣ֣֮һͷ׷˫д˲ɣȴ˼ᶨӢӾվǡ֮ڡǰ֮ھֻԶ
濴һӢӣһĨ⣺ʱ֮һʿʵۣ
ʱ֮Ҳǵһʿʵۣǵk͵kĻսŽϣһܵӵµūһΪİ塣
ʿϵʱ֮ɡʱ֮ͳʿϵܹǿ֮߱ۡ
֮ȻѪʿĵ·ǵkҲͳʿϵ֡ûͳʿϵ֧֣kҲܿѪʿĵ·
΢΢ʱ֮һ
֮Уʱ֮ճ޷ЩūۡȻΪ˰ѹūۣʱ֮Ҳ˲ʹĴۡ
׷ʱ֮Ӣսֻʮʥǿ߶ս֮С
ʱ֮ҲкüЩսǵkֵܽkնս֮˳kֵܵܡ顢սҲս֮ϡkҲΪ𾴵Ӣ֮һ
ˣ
һʱ֮Ӱ΢΢һ̾תһۡ
ô£
΢΢һһֲޱȵһʱ֮Ӱɨȥôɨ裬ﶼʾֻһʷӰ
ʱ֮΢΢һЦþȡôҲʱĴڡԤҲԡڿԽʱ⣬ǡʱ֮֡㡣δǿߺ򲹡
ãΰʱ֮ʥ档
ʱ֮Ŀһۣ΢΢һЦʥ棿Ƿ棿īȤ㿴֮ˣźδ˵̫ˡ֮ʱ֮֡Ҷˣϣܹ̤㡢ӻ塣пܣչһҹȥЩѡΪУҲϣܹһ·
һʱⳤʮֹƬ֮и֣һžŸǣԲεġʱ֮֡Ȼ֣һ⣬һС
ǾŸ֮УžŸ̺ʱӡһǾŸӡ͸оԼʱǿһ֡
һâ΢΢һһɫСͳУһ˿˿˵Ϣǡ֮д
ۼرһĨ֮ɫʱ֮Ǵ󷽣kˡ
ʿʵۼǿÿһ𶼿ֲףӵ˷˼kȻΪ긯䡣ֻҪkԸ⸶ۣҷӡһֱ˯Իһϡ
ǻĸǴ浮ͻڵϹȻΪۣkҲ˯ĵط
ʱ֮ȻԼǿ޵رʱ֮֡Լ̺˰˵ۼر֮棬ֻһܣǵkѾȫ䡣
潫ۼرֱǰһոһһɿֲף̺㲨Ŀֲݺݵѹϡ
·ඨһֹ
Ȼ޷֮ڡ
˵ȻǴ˵ûܹڴʥ֮֮ڡ
ϧһʱվûܹڽ׵֮ǰ֮ڡ

࿴ߵʥߡʥҡϧг˸ӵĸ顣
ڼһڻ뵮һ߲һ˿ϣ濹⡣̫Ե˶뿴㡣
һȻȥڶ̬
üͷ΢΢һ壬סâҫһ½ڶ̬
ڶ̬֮ӡҫ΢΢һ
У̬
һֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ɺڶ֮еģӰӡҫǿֲޱȵ
ǲУ̬
кâһһǸģӰںһһ±һɿֲ׵Ӳ̤һ
꣡꣡
һͷ·𱳸ǳһ֮ǲʥǶһ翪ѡ
У̬Ҳֲ֧ס벽ɶ񣬵׸ô죿ѵҪ𣿡
ʹȡĦʯȻֻǿ֧ţİ벽Ϊʲô˵֮⣬ûǡ֮ڡ


1261 ֮
̫龦ʥһĻ΢һ벽Ͳ벽ϧˣ
״ʥһĨϧǵһһϧˣͲ벽ܹ֮ڡӦþļˡ
ϧˣ
صĿռ֮У֮·İۼǿǶҡϧ濴һۡ
֮ڡǰջ˽ŲǷ·Ҫ촷۵Ҳʧ
ѵҪҽۣܹǡ֮ڡǲ֮ڡôܹٽۣ
üͷ΢΢һ忴ǡ֮ڡ˳˼֮С
ʱѾǴʥ۷Ĵڣֻһܹ׳ΪۼǿߡͬҪװҲԶĴѵöࡣ
֮·еĸַѾһ飬Щֱַͻƣ׳Ϊ˴ʥ۷Ŀֲڡ
ǰԼ㣬ĿǰٶȣҪװۣҪһǧϵʱ䡣ͨʱһǧҲʲô໥ɵʱһǧʱҲ߶Ѿˡ
֮·УһЩĪ⡢ȱַЩַ̫أһֻضʱŻ֣ȫǿĴڡ
ӡҫһʱⳤȻߣһʱⳤһ֣ǡ֮ڡ֮໥ϵľ޴ѹҲһ֡
Ȼˣ
һʱⳤ֮Уһ¸ֳһȾ޴ޱȵĿռŻһֲֿޱȵɺڶһſԻһеǳ
ǡɫ֮֮ۼرâҫһ·ʱⳤ֮Уһ˿˿˵Ϣ
ٴһǡ֮ڡķȥ
һɿֲޱȵһ³֣ݺݵѹϣ·ǳѹͨİۼǿǿֲѹ֮£Ҳᱻֱѹſڵϡ
ǿֲޱȵѹ֮£Ȼᶨޱȵһǡ֮ڡǰһ°ǡ֮ڡϡ
һɲ֮䣬ǡ֮ڡ֮УӡҫһޱȵϢǡ֮ڡûڡ
ˣˡ֮ڡ
ֻһʥȻˡ֮ڡ
ǿֻе߲ܹġ֮ڡôܣ
ʥȻˡ֮ڡô˵Ϊߣ

Щʥһִǡ֮ڡһɫ䣬۷׷ס
֮·Դӱߴָ֮󣬾һ˵κڽ֮ǰ֮ڡпܽΪһߡ
ǡ֮ڡУȷʵ̺İֻվԶӣܹǡ֮ڡлþ޴ĺô
֮Уûܹڰ֮ǡ֮ڡҲֻڴʥ۷ʹˡ֮ڡ
̫龦ʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾ˣ
⺣ʥǳҵԤϡܵľˡ
ЩۼǿǶš֮ڡǰжһĨӵĸ顣
ǡ֮ڡУӴޱȵԴԴϵûڣҪֱӳű
ǡסâ΢΢һĦʯâҫԴԴϵŴǡ֮ڡд
һޱߣ޾ǰ֮У̾ᡢ裬һͷһͷֲޱȵ֮УԼ
һƬҽ֮УһɫĹâҫһźɫʯֱըѿʯ֮߳һһͷ쳤ͷϳһֻǣͷӡȼܻ׹
ӽҾͽף
һ׹췢һХһʥʿϢӵk֮
һʥʿĿֲڡʱǶǿߣе֡Уʥ繷ʱ㲻ʲô
Դӵ֮󣬾ͽ⵽Σաδ֮ߵһȥkڱʹ֮пʼ̤˸֮·
ǲϵս֮УױԽԽǿ̤֮㣬Ϊ֮ס
׵Ƕ֮һһµ縡֣һߵĳɳǰ
һһߵĳɳ·ǰ
濴ЩߵĳɳʷҲ˾޴ĺô
֮Уһֻߵĳɳ·
ǵߵĵ·ʧ֮һɿֲޱȵһ½ٵʶ֮ڡ
ʶ֮Уâҫһһʶ֮Ӵޱȵ֮γһһͷ׷׵ӡ
һޱȵ΢΢һЦãʥ棬֮飡Ѿʱⳤ֮еһߡһɱңܹһ˿İԼŲǱɱˣôҾͻ֮ϣв
ʶ֮Уһڣһγ塣
üͷ΢΢һ֮飿ʲô˼
֮鵭ҵıѾ䣬ֻǱһ˿лԼγɵĴڡɱ㣬Ҳ
Ȼˣȥɣ
кâһָһţһɺڶȻ֣֮ϯȥ
ɰ壬ܹڰ֮ʹ֮ڡľ콾δӡϧ̶ȵɺڶ޷ҡ
֮΢΢һЦһָһ֮ɵĳһ¸֣ݻγһﳤľ޽նɺڶ֮ϡ
һɺڶһ˲ͱնѿ顣
Ӧü̫ˣ굹ǺǿѾԽߣ˲𡣡
֮˫֮һ¸ֳһӡһۣ̾
л佱
ֳ֡ꪡʩչ֮мŵֹɱطֱ֮ȥ
֮΢΢һЦ˫ӡҫһ֣֮ӭǰȥɱһ
֮Ĳлսɾףе곤նϡ
ǡסâҫӲĽ֮곤˾ųɣдһȻնһ˺ۡ
ǻ꺣֮УڣԶԶϵĻӿڣϵĻָ
֮Ҳʩչطȡǻ꺣޸
ǲϵļս֮У֮սļҲյԽԽ࣬ʵԽԽǿ
ս˵ʮ죬һն֮ϣ֮һնء
濴Ǳնص֮黺һ֮̾սİ
һĻҲὫȡ֮ҵʹɣŲػǵ档kҲ棡
֮л΢΢һЦһһӿȥ
һɺڶȻ֣֮Ĳлֱɡ


1262 ֮·̮
֮һɣһ̺ӡ׷׶ֱա
һǿ󾫴ԴԴϵӿڣǿ塣
ǡ֮ڡ̺֮ӡ֮ߵȼ֮ڲϵǿ
΢΢һ֮ʱ塿Ȼ֣ÿһϸڲϵĸı䣬һʱӡΪĵĴڡ
صӡ֮⻷ƣɢһɿֲޱȵ
ǡ֮ڡâҫĳȡ֮·
ڳȡ֮·ǿʥ
ǡ֮ڡ
ôֱʣߣǿ£

֮·֮Уеʥߡʥһ۾Ϳǡ֮ڡڳȡ֮·۵ǿ塣
̫龦ʥһ̾ԭˣ֮·ڵ壬Ϊһ졣Ǽһһߡ
⺣ʥߣô׵ģʥ֮·ǿҲһΪߡ
״ʥӵ֮·ǿѾΪ춨֮
̫龦ʥû⣬һʱ½߾ˣʥ棬ھʿʵۡ
ļۼǿ߳Ĭһᶼ΢΢ͷ
ǡ֮ڡȡ֮·ǿ棬һɿֲޱȵֻҪܹȫԿԽǿһĳ̶ȡ
꣡
ЩʥߡʥǶһĴ죬·ʲôȻֱѿ
֮·΢΢һȻƽ
״ʥ˫֮ӡҫտȥˣ֮·Ѿʼںϣٹã֮·ͻΪһ֣
̫龦ʥһ֮̾·ǽȡ澫γɵ磡ںҲȻ顣ֻûһô죡
֮·߽ȡʿ澫һγɵ֮·֮еԶ֮ǰҪߵö࣬Ϊˣ֮·֮вܹۼǿߡ
֮·һںϣȱʧһ־ͻᱻսøѸ١
֮λһĪ⣬վ׵Ͽ֮С
һͭŹ׻򿪣һֻޱȣëצӴǹŹ֮
һ˻Ƶ𣺡ˣǸʱȫѵʱ򣬿쵽ˡ
һ¡¡ľ֮ƬϿ֮ĺɫײĴϿȵֱߴ֮ޡ
һߺɫĹײĸֱӴ򿪣ǹײĸ֮ڣһɫ꣬ӡһͷϳһֻǣëòޱȵĹ
꣡
һ֮УǻɫѣһͷëǵĹӹײ֮һ˿˿ۼĿֲѹӵk֮

һëǹͭŹ֮ǰ
ͭŹ֮ڴһпͰ޿ˣڲ֮λ¸Ⱥҵĸա
Ͱ޿˹Ӧǣ
֮λһ޾֣ҽҽ֮ڣһȼܻҽ˴ҽ֮һ߳ɢŰۼĿֲ
֮·Ծȡһһع飬ʱԲȱյٶһ¿౶
һһֲޱȵĴڴʱⳤ֮иսٵ硣

Իʹʥһ˫ۣŲ֮λķһۣ˫֮ӡҫһĨǣһ̾渴գkҲӦóˡ
浮һ𣬾ǿҪ׷㡣
ΪܼԵʣʿÿһʱһ߾ǼޡͬĸĿֲڶĳߣΪܹʱգýĻᡣ
ǿߴʱⳤ֮иգʿ˵Ҳ֪ǺûǻϾЩǿÿһܷܹҲֻһˡ
һֲޱȵһڲ֮λ֮и֣һֲޱȵ籩ǲ֮λ֮вϹš
ǰۼǿ߸գ
ǰۼȻǿˣ
ۼǿߣô
kڸ𣿡
֮λĸֿҪˣ

֮λ֮Уһʥ߸ӦһУɫ䣬֮ɫ
ۼǿ߾ֻ߽һ֮ңʵֲޱȣԶͨĴʥѾмûеһۼǿߡ
һ˶ۼǿ߸գ֮λĸ˵Ҳ֪Ǹǻ

һһɫͷ϶ֻǣһֻǶѣĸߴϱ鲼˺۵һһܲȥ
Իʹʥڣ
ͷϳֻǵ֮ܲ⣬˻ƵƬ֮𵴣һɴʥ۷ĿֲƬ
һâ΢΢һصӡҫԻʹʥֱܲӷɳվա
â΢΢һʥʿҲڻԻʹʥʥʿֱҶʥߡɱʥߡʥߡʥʿǻԻʹʥʱύĺѣҲܲߵս
ԻʹʥǳǵһĨ֮ɫǻԻʹʥλѣʲôˣ
ǶϽǴʥ¶һޱȵЦݣǺڽħʥ˵һػߣҼҪһ
ԻʹʥɫʱʧеڽħʥħµĴ񽫣
ҶʥɫħǸشһߵħkȻˣ
ħʱһͷɰײħkӵаۼɹһشĵߡ˵֮Уǵkߵʱ򣬱ߵƴˣkܹΪһߡ
ħʱҲպյĴڣ֪ǿ߱kֱɡkһʱܹúúõģʵֱǿ졣
ħӵĴ񽫣һ񽫾Ǻڽħʥ
ڽħʥһЦǻеʶȻ֪šԻʹʥȻ֪ţǾ͸һ˰ɡҪƲԳԷƣ
ҪҸߣǾҪıˣ
ԻʹʥкâһԻҫ֮γһסԻסһ޴ޱȵġԻǹҲڵkϡ
ڤ粻ĴǼʶһ£Һ֮Ĳ࣡
ڽħʥһһ¸ֳۣһ֮ƣγһɫӰڵkΧ
ڽħʥ΢΢һΣͬһͷεĺɫǻԻʹʥֱȥ
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âҫǺڽħʥ׺ޱȣ֮γɵӰһסͬһͷֲޱȵŻԻʹʥ
սһӣҫҶʥߵʥطȥ
Իʹʥϱ鲼ڽħʥץС


1263 شٻôʥ
սħڱڵ֦մ½
ɴһͨѶ֮еõϢʱɫ䣺ʲôԻʹʥˣ
ʮֹϵи߲ع鱾
һͨѶĹâ΢΢һɵݵء
սħڵ̱ʿʳҪǳöࡣ
ʱƣʿʳһһʥߡʥʱⳤ֮ѡʳҲԽԽǿ
֮·֮սħھֻʣɺͻԻʹʥʥϵʿػ
սħһԱнɻʳǳʳԻʹʥ֧֡ͱЩϵϳ֦մ½
ڻԻʹʥڽħʥѹսħܵش֪жǿҪսħҧһڡ
̵ˣҪҪԮ
ɳһҧԮ̣鷳һˣȥЩʥԮ
̴ʱҲѾΪʿǿߣkԮ϶Щʥʿʥǵء
ӦǰȥЩʥԮǵkΪսħΨһһʥʿܲᶯ
΢΢ͷһԶȥ
Իʹʥˣǿսħڵػ׷ʱ֮ʮʥ֮һȻܡʲôģ
ڽħʥʱħµĴ֮ף
ħͷɹһ˵ߵħkȻˣ
û֮ǰ仯Щ˯ʱⳤ֮еİ۶ӷĹ֮ˣ
ЩǶӷĹ֮ˣһ鷳ˡ
ٺ٣յū徹ȻΪ֧صİ壬kôģ
ռǸطȻ˼ޡǸطġӵнkôܿռǸط޶ԣ

֮λħ֮УǸǿǶħ֮۷׷ףֻһĿⶼսħڵϡ
һӦԲսħڶᱻ籩Ƭ
ܿ˷Ӧɻʳǳʳÿһʳɳʥ߽սħڱæػսħڡ
սħڵĸ߲ҲӸ֮вϻع飬֦մ½֮ڡ
սħڵĸ߲㱻ӸٻأսħڵӰʧ޴󡣿һҲ˵ػսħڣսħڲô׹ơ
ʮִֻҪһع飬еĵ˶ᱻɷ顣
һҴսԶһ½սħڱڵ֦մ½ͣһǸ֮С
һս֮߳ʿǶߵ˼
Ǽ֮Уһ¸ֳٸεɨǣɢŸֹâЩʿɨȥ
ͫ׼⣬ͨ
⣬ͨ
ָƼ⣬ͨ
⣬ͨ쳣
ˣе֣ȼߣʥʥΣ棬棬дʥΣ֣

һսħڵ»ʿǼ֮󲻾ãһޱȵľֱ֮
һ֮ҫЩѾͨʿֱӴ뿪
ʥ棬ĽɫҰٻôʥ£ûб˷ֹû뵽ô򵥾ͱ˷ˡһʱľ콾
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ٻôʥħµĴ֮һ֮ͨ£ûмܹƵkı֮
ҲգȻˣսħڣΪһ󹦣
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սħ֦մ½֮ڣʳ֧ԮĴʥʿɫ΢΢һ䣬ĵһ»۵ɵߡ
ʥʿκһһʥڵǿ߶֡k˺ټսħϳĲãпһʥڵǿս
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һ֮ڣޱ鰴һť
սħڸմ½֮ڣһеȻ֣ӡҫ
Ще֮дһĲƣմ½֮е
һɲ֮䣬ǰٻôʥڵԲһ±仯Ϊһħ򣬳е
ħ򣡵ƾһħҪңûô򵥡ҿɲԪ壡
ٻôʥһЦһӿһ˿˿ɫĹâ΢΢һΣǸմ½ֱӷȥ
һâҫսγһӴޱȵĻеŰٻôʥֱȥ
սħڵĻеţ
ö࣬սħڵĵ̣

ǰ֧ԮʥʿĻеţҲһĨ֮ɫͷƤ΢΢顣
ʥʿһǼ޾ĻеΧסҲջս
սħڵĻеţе˼Ҳֻˣסҵȥ·
ٻôʥȻһЦһɫĹγһɫǻеնȥ
ɫ֮һܼս˶ֱӽʳƬɷ顣
һɲ֮䣬ٻôʥ֮Խ˰롣
һޱȵӡ֮ӿǰٻôʥֱһ
ǣ
ٻôʥʩչܹЩȻɫ΢΢һ䣬ӦΧѾȫӡ
һɫĹԴӰٻôʥ֮бЩӡնȥ
ɫĹն֮£һӡֱӱ顣
Щӡ޾ûӸ֮ӿ
Ȼһ֮ӿһ´ڰٻôʥϣĲڵkϣkֱӷӡ
Ŀ򣡡
һʥڴ֦մ½֮и֣âһһŰٻôʥֱӺȥ
ס֣
ٻôʥɫ䣬
һ̣ٻôʥͱǿֲޱȵĹɡ
һɫĹâҫƣýֻʣ°İٻôʥƴԶȥ
ǿսħڵĵ̣
ÿ£ﲻʥϳȻ̶Ѩ

ʥ߼һĻһǵkǱһںУֻҷ궼Դڡ
һӡֱӸ֣һ´ڰٻôʥƵ֮ϣkƵᴩ
Ͼң
ٻôʥһĺ֮
տѣһֻ۵ĺɫצ֮̽սħ֦մ½֮ڣһץٻôʥֱץУһӡϣֱûǾ޴ޱȵѷ֮ڡ
һ֮ҽ߱ɽ֮ϣնɱԻʹʥ
һ䱩壬޾ɱѷ֮дѹķ


1264 ߱ɽ
ħ
ǵkkȻˣ

ǰ֧ԮʥһӦѷ֮дĿֲϢʱɫ䣬֮ɫ
Ǹɫһ
ԻʹʥսħҪһԱʱ˻Իʹʥӻܹռһ֦մ½չѸ١
лԻʹʥػ浱ռһ֦մ½չҲδػ˳
ɵĿһڷʥϡ
Ĵʥ֮Уɻʳķʥ߹ϵáʥҲɵ׷֮һ
ʥ߿Цһ΢΢ҡͷʥߣ޷ħǵķ֮Уӽߵһͷʥʳ֮ǿ߳пkһս
ʥҲ΢΢ͷ֮ɫ
ħŰʱ򣬲֪ʥߡʥkֱɣΪkǵkԼȥһ˵ĵߣˣֻµܹߡôһֲĴڣҲֻʳ֮иյʥߡʥ֣пk⡣
ҧãȥʥԮ
򻪹λڵ룬Ǿ˵ʥλ򻪹֮ڡʿɵֻǾĸ¡
漰Լʥʿǿߵǻᱻƽʥʥд
ʥ֮ϣһĿ࣬ͷϳֻɫǵ̫ʥkǶʮǰʱʳ֮иյǿߣӵдʥ۷弶ĿֲΪʥ֮е鳤
̫ʥԻʹʥħܣһ֮߱ɽ£λʲô뷨
·ʥߡʥǶüͷ壬һĬ
ҧ飬ħӡѹԻʹʥȻ
ħʳһʥʿ䵭ħʱһޣǵʱ֮µĵһˡ˲֪ʥߡʥۼǿ߶k𡣳֮⣬ħӵĴ񽫶ǴʥҺڽħʥʵǿֲԻʹʥkܡʥߣǲǲȻԻʹʥû㹻
֮еʥߡʥҲһĬ
ħһۼǿߣһһ֮޵еĿֲڡʳ̾мɿ֮ܽѹͬҲʧܵĿܡ
ħպգ֣߳Ҳֻǽkشûܹkɱʳĵֻ̾ܵkѣҪɱѹӡkȴѶȼ
һʥץߡɱȴûκηӦЦǴȥЩֻ¶ǵҧһڡ
ư棬֪˶塣ЩֻǾǿ󣬲űּĬһ¶ƣͻǿk˺Ƭ
ħʳʥʿȻһЦͬ㹻ǿǿѡһkѣħҲΪ塣
΢΢һʥߡʥǿȥ
ʥʥߡʥǶĬȻħʳʥʿʮͬ
İ˴ʿʳҲǿƵĻʳȻӵаۼǿǰ˴ʿʳĵֻ̣ЩۼǿҪѣҪһʱ䡣
ʥ֮оȴûκЧսħڵѽɻʳʥǶ˳Ĭ
ħʱľޣɹۼǿߡʳİۼǿȫ֮ǰkΪо͵ͬ
ʥ֮ʥ򻪹֮ɢȥ
ʥ׷οЦʥߣǸ
һ̾õǸħkʱľޣӵѵĿֲڡǰ˴ʳʱ˭ǵk
һɰۼľޣ˿ơҲֻа˴ʿʳʱ˴ʿʵѹλ棬ȹ̣ɷɭϣۼǿҲҷ
ʥ߻ʥڣҲУħϾʱľޣʥҲǵkĶ֡
ɳĬһ̾
߱ɽһѪʴߴΰɽ
ʱһĵߵ۳߱ɽ֮Уʱ֮ս۳ʱ֮ն׼նֲ֫ޱȵĵѪ߱ɽȾ졣
۳󲿷ֶʱ֮ȡߣдĵѪɽںһ𣬾£ݻΪһѪʴߴΰɽ
һ߱ɽԭѾ֮λĵ£ڲϵĵ֮𽥴Ӵ֮ʮı仯ѾΪ˲֮λʮħɽ֮һ
߱ɽһ֮Уһ˿˿âҫһƬ̵ҶֱӸ֣һ𷢱ۣԸоףһɫҶףһֻ޴սľɫŮվƬ̵Ҷ֮ϣ߱ɽɽۡ
һâ΢΢һһžѩ׺βɢһɾŮֻҪһkͻᱻkڷľЦӯӯĳǾŮߡ
žѩ׺βľŮȻһЦĪϣţ㲻ڷλ浱ľϵô߱ɽ֣
Īϣŵˮɣǹϵ֮λƵһսҺܺ棬ôӦԡǿһʥƾԻʹʥɱžһ޴ĴħײеĴڣԲöԸkΪУԻ˲أпһ겻񡣡
ˮȻһЦһ겻ȥʱ֮ķӡôܹ֮λ洫˵ܹٵĻᣬΪ֮λΨһ񣬽㣬ҲµöԲԣ
ϵ֮УʵʥʿʿʵۣԼ֮ڣΨһǽĵǻڼΨһ飬ΨһҲǿߵĿֲڡ
Ϊˣʱ֮Ż½ƣֹκڲ֮λ
ĪϣĿ΢΢һûҵʣҲַֻһ˿ܽ㡣
ʹϵĽ׷ʽԶĽ׷ʽҪʵöࡣĪϣʹôͳķʽܳɹһʱѾõkͷҲֻͨϵĽ׷ʽõkһ˿ϣ㡣
ȻһĪϣųΪΨһ񣬵kҲֻܹԼ֮սߡطսҪԶˡҲ棬档kΨһֻ֮Ҫ滹ûбսᣬkͲΪԵʣ긯࣬һѿݹǡ
ҹЦ֮⣬ӦûһĿģǾǿһʥ׻ûУҲµûɣطЩһǣҪĿľҪʥعûСħԻԻʹʥ֣Ҳԭ򡣡


1265 潵
ĪϣĿΧȥһޱȵӡ֣һ۾ͿΧһһʥߡʥ
Щŵʥߡʥǰ˵أһҪĿģҪʥǷع顣
ʥʱµţ𲻵ǧ꣬Ѿɷ˽׳Ϊһʥʿ콾һڷλ滹޾ԨĵطӵеkĻ
ЩʥߡʥǶµħΪʲôԩ޳֡Ϊħĵ·֮˭˭һܹþ޴ĺô
硣
߱ɽɽۣһɫâ䣬ǺɫĹâ֮УһźɫĴȻ֣źɫĴ֮ϣһźɫֱۣۣͷϳǣӷˮͰ߰ףͬһɽĿֲǿȻ֡
ħ
kǺųƵ֮޵еħ
˵֮Уkɹһߣ

һĿⶼͬһɽһĿֲǿϣЩʥߡʥǶغͼɵ֮ɫ
ħǿǺһʱİʿʵۼĵҲҳɣײе˼㣬ûм˸ǵk
ЩӲͬʱѵİۼǿпܽħһǿѹ
ħ·վŶˣһǵkµĵһ񽫺ڽħʥһǰٻôʥ
ԻʹʥˣͬһֻСһ㱻ǺڽħʥС
ǺڽħʥͰٻôʥħ²Ĵ𣿡
Ĵ񽫣ߵʱôȥˣܹʣͲˣ

һĿǺڽħʥԼٻôʥһӶһʥڽš
Ǹųʥ¼滹һĶ˵Իʹʥıӻ֮£Žҽʥʿû뵽ԼĶ˾ҪҲŲǺģ
ħ֮пһۣ˫֮һĨɭһЦ
һһƬ֮вϵ𵴣Բ֮ڣڻصħ
Բޱħ˷ҷȥ
Ƭ֮УȴžһƬЩŵʥߡʥǶһƬĬ
ħһЦսħھ˵ߴ֧֮һ˵һʱǿҽսħڵĻԻʹʥܣƨҷţһȺ
Ʋ֮С
ˮȻһЦkڴ
Īϣŵʿʳʿɣޱȡһʿʳǿȫգ˿ɵΪ֮ƣֻгʿʳǿûȫ֮ǰkǻƣ˲лռǽ
ˮ΢΢һЦἯʿʳȷʵǿһû˳ֻ֡ЩǾҪһ𣬶ˡħǽƻȻֶΡɱȵնɱԻʹʥЧˡkǸһµʱ
Īϣ΢΢ףĿ߱ɽ֮ϡ
֮Уһҫ
һʱʳʿۣĿ࣬ü֮ϳһֻ۵ǿһ̤֮һ˿˿ۼĿֲӵk֮
һʱʳǿ󣬸ʥÿһʥɢſֲޱȵϢ
۴ʥʱʳǿۼǿ֮һȻǵk
k䱾Ͳ岻ɵܶࡣkʱ֣֮Լӡִ
һʱ֮µһˣһʱʳǿۼǿ֮һǿ֮ײڴ
̲סˣһ־һۼǿߣǿ£
ᣬʱֲȻаۼǿ߸ա

һĿ۴ʥϳ˼ɵء
۴ʥħ۴ʥһӣԻʹʥˡ
ƾ㣬Ҳҷˣ㻹ʵʵĳΪҵĶʳɣ
ͬһɽһħâһȻһ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴҫӡĿֲħ
ͷħſһ磬һɫħ˺Ѳ񷣬֮еһжͳͳɡ
һɲ֮䣬۴ʥͱħ֮ڡ
ǵĶǣ
۴ʥߵʥոһڽħʥԼٻôʥķ˹ȥǽʥֱӵס
ٻôʥո⵽شʵǺڽħʥħµһǿߣһ˾ѹ˻ԻʹʥʵǿףӲĵסʥ
һγһ񽣴ħ֮նһͽħӲնѣħնȥնħۣڵkһɼǵĿֲơ
۴ʥһ´ħ֮зɳϢһࡣ
Ȼܹң۴ʥڰ֮УҲЩ¡ǣעҪ⣡
ħһЦأצ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӺݺһצѹգ̺ſֲޱȵ壬һ۴ʥ֮ϡ
۴ʥֱӱһУֲޱȵħ֮һնڵk֮УkһըѿѪɢ䡣

۴ʥһѪӡһһħͼһ³С
ħͼ֮Уâһڽħʥɱʥһʧûһħͼ֮ڣ۴ʥһͬʧ
ˣ۴ʥȻˣ
ħǺųƵ֮µĵһˣȻǿ󣡣

ЩһΧ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻ˶һ
۴ʥҲʱʳ޵е֮һǿסħȻ׽kܣֱ˲˼顣
ħ¶һЦݣǽƻС
˫һ˲۴ʥжϳԼħĶ֣ϵĳˡħֶζ޷ʩչk۴ʥȻٽ۴ʥһɡ
ȻˣҾˣԻʹʥҪ־͹ӻǸҵĵ·͸Ϊıӻߣ
ħһЦ޴צǻԻʹʥֱץȥ
Իʹʥˣ
ʥĵʦˣ
kλĵһǿߡϧ̫磬Ǳ㣡

һϧĮֻĿⶼڻԻʹʥϡ
ħ㾹ȻҶҵˣ𣿡
һѣһӰ֮ǴǳĿֲצֱӻȭһ
һɲ֮䣬һǳӰȻ֣·Ļһǿֲޱȵצ֮ϣħצһŤ顣
ħ޴Ҳǿֲޱȵһ˰֮ң
ʥ
ʥˣ

һʥ߿һͬ޵ħӰɫ䡣


1266 ħ
ʥ
ʥˣ
ǿȻܹħȻôǿˣ

һʥߡʥĿ⼯ϳ𺧡
Īϣ֮֮ɫǿʥ棬ȻѾɳزǿ£ħƵޣȻһȭˣ̫ˡ
ҹĶ棬֮һĨʣһ֮̾·ֱ֮Ϊ֮·ʥȻ֮·гֻѾͬ˴ʿʵǰѾ޵֮·ǿ£˴ʿʵۼÿһǺķ˼ǧʱ⣬ܹ޵֮·֮·ꡣ
棬Ȼǿˣ
ǱȹڵϵĻԻʹʥվڵkǰ棬һĨ֮ɫԻʹʥ֮ʱ滹ֻһ溣ʿȴѾӲƴħޡ
â΢΢һѩšʯǿҲһķ
棿Ǵ˵֮һʱǿľ콾٣ӦùͬɹһѡΪ˴֣Ͱһͳͳ׸ңҽ߰ɣһػ棡
ħһĨײ֮ɫһſһ磬һһеɺڹֱϯʮֱһɨ
ħȫ֣Ϊҽ̤ʯɣ
һɺڶȻ֮⸡֣΢΢һģһײһɺڹ֮ڡ
ǿ֮һײһ໥Ť𵴡ֲޱȵڲϵĽ֯
һɲ֮䣬һɺڹͱֱӷֿħǰһȭħ֮ϡ
ħͬҳһһȭħ֮ϣħǳһ±ըֲޱȵѪ·ɽ
һӡҫħһ»һɫĹâһ·ɳ֮ңǿֲޱȵ˿ҲѸٵ
ÿ£ʥȻǿ󣡣
ѾԽ۴ʥĹŴǿߣ
֮·ǵ֮·Ȼ֮·һѾ޵֮·Ӵ޵УҲûĶ֣
ħʱųƵ֮µһ˵ĹĹﾹȻҲʥĶ֣ǿ£
µʥֻǴʥ۷壬ûпԽʥ߼ڣ۵򣡾Ѿܹħۣ˭Ķ֣
ĵھʿʵۿҪˣ

Щ֮еǿǿħȻһоͱشһĨ֮ɫ
棬ɹŭˣҪҪɱ㣡Ҫ㣡
ħһĨͷ֮ɫӡҫǳ΢΢һһ±仯Ϊʮ״СĹǴ̣ɢһײбϢֲޡ
ħС˵ʮ״СȴһĨ֮ɫĸ֪͵Сħȴһء

ħâҫ΢΢һȣԽ٣ͬ˲һǰһצ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺץȥ
һɺڶȻֱӽħС
ûõģɵĻƴ壬Զˣ
һޱȵЦɺڶ֮дɺڶħֱ˺ѣһצ磬ץȥ
һŤ֮Ȼ֡
ħħצ֮صӡҫͬжһĻ磬˺ˡסֱڳһ޴˿ڡ
âһһȭһֻɫĶֱӸ֣һ´ħڡ
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һֲޱȵıը֮ɿֲޱȵĳ֮£âǱըķɳ
һεʥѪħѪ񷣬ء
ĸڳһɼǵĴ󶴣ħҲǽɫĶǹᴩħѪ䣬˿ϡ

ħâҫ˿ϵƣһЦ΢΢һһ˲Ƴǰһצץȥ
浭һЦӡҫӭȥ
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֮еһͳͳ촷ۡ
֮еʥߡʥǶҲ޷Σһſ˷磬ֵನ
ĪϣĶħ֮֮ɫǿʱ֮µһˣȻײУ
Īϣŵһ۾ͿħԼǿԸkǵkһȫߣܹħл뿪ĿԲɡ
ҹ֮ȻһЦ˶̫ˡһԶʱľޣһʱ콾Ҳ֪˭㡣
ĪϣŵȻħʤһkĻָԶԶ֮ϡһǰۣһֻǴʥ۷壬Ϊ̫ˡѾװۣôħԲĶ֡
֮УħһӡҫӴޱȵַ֮˿֮ѿ䶯Ѹٵš
ϵ˿ȴ޷ϣͬʱԼкһʴѪ⡣
ħצӡǴ̶̺ž綾ۼǿ߱УҲᱻ綾ʴǸʴѪ⡢ٸʴʴꡣ
ʱ֮µĵһˣϧңעҪΪҵ̤ʯ̬
һħסӡҫĳȡĦʯ֮е
һɺڶȻ֣ħһ¾С
ɰЧҾɵĻ
ħһЦ˫צһ˺ɰ屬ɰк͵ֱӽɺڶһ˺ѡ
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һɲ֮䣬Ӣʱⳤ֮и֣ʩչֹɱطΪһ壬ħݺնȥ
ҿ
ħһĨ֮ɫһŭ𣬻ڣѪڣΪһͷħһצһս֮ץȥ
һɫĹâҫħצӱһֲޱȵâֱնƣһɫĹâ˳ƶ£һ㽫ħնء
ǿֲޱȵӰһץһɺڶȻ֣ħУŵkԴɰ塣
ôܣħȻˣ
ôܣkʱ֮µĵһǿߣ
ǿħȻͰʥСһֱˣʥ棬ôôǿɻֻһʥ۷壡

֮ΧŵʥߡʥǼһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾֮ǰħռϷ磬Ǽһ˲֮䣬ս־Ѿȫתħ߶첻ͱֱɣֱš


1267 
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ڽħʥһĻ֮ɫһӿͷֻеk֪ħжôǿǿۼǿ߶ɹľޡĿֲھȻһˣֱš
ٻôʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һΣ仯ΪһֻԶȥ
Ȼˣͱˣ
ѩȻһЦʹ֮һţ΢΢һȣһ˲ƳǽϷһն¡
һ̺źڰĽâ˺Ѳ񷣬ݻΪһľ޽һնǽϽǽһնأѪ񷡣
ɫӡ΢΢һǽһ±仯Ϊ˰ٻôʥѾһֲޱȵơ
ڽħʥĿ˸һᣬ΢΢һΣڣһɫԶȥ
Ķң
һҫʯ񼸺˲һںڽħʥǰ߶ʯ֮壬ǺڽħʥֱӺȥ
ʥߵѩźʯ񣬵kǾȻǿ󣡣
ʥô̵ʱ֮ڣkǾȻѾΪʥǿ£
kǶֿԽ״ʥ֮ӿˡ

һĿ⼯ѩźʯ϶˼ɵ
ս֮УѩȫѹסδİٻôʥʯȻڽħʥѹȴȻ׺ףεĵס˺ڽħʥĹ
һ㣬һеǡס֮ӿ˻ԻʹʥڣӡҫԻʹʥڵķӡҲһ顣
ԻʹʥһĨο֮ɫ棬겻û뵽㾹ȻɳزˣҳԾΪɳزٻҪǧꡣʱ֮Ҳûɳ֮죡
һǸǻԻʹʥӻҾԲȡ˳ɾ͡ǴʥΪҵԭˡ
ħʱѣΪ֮λ㡣kӦǿСɵkĵ·壬ֻܹһ˻ţȻ֡
ʥǾŷʥڼ棬֮ʡħϾ֮еǿߣһӣŵkһ·
տѣһףƯžβһɫսףò׵Ӵ֮߳߸ϵĸ棬
ŷʥǳ׷˴۵ĵھӡ޵һʱľ
ŷʥǿ̳Թۼˣ
kȻҲˣ

Χ۵֮Уʥʿһŷʥ־Ͳ³˵k
һʮףһͷɫͷòªֱۣ°ȴһĿֲǿߴ֮һЦ¶˾ջľݣûѾ𶯵ˣʥǾͷʥħһԱǲɱȰ㻹ǹȫ֣˵kǵĵˣ
ͷʥľͷӵоܹһԻɱkŴΣkܹ
ͷʥڰʱǿİۼǿߡk̳ԹۼǿߣһһжӲĻۼǿߡ

ʥʿһǾͷʥܿµ˵k
ûһ˿Ц⣬ɭһЦ˵úãֻп濹⡣ҾӦùȫ֣Ľǵ꣬ߣҵ߹֮ߡ
ħߵҲ֮ĵ·塣k֮עǲɻйϵŷʥͷʥȻǰħҲУȻԷɫ
ôĿʥħ򣬽ڡ
һ֮һëǹ̤֮ΧĿռ΢΢ŤһɱĶ溮
˭
һۼǿߵʲô

һĿǺëǵĹ϶˺֮ɫ
ҹ΢΢һЦkǺëİۼǿߡڹʱë޵һʱûв´kǺëµİۼǿͰ޿ˡ
ĪϣâۼǿʩѹһʥΣˡԭôˣ뿴ʥħ
ҹЦǵȻʱ֮λҲֻһֻгΪһߣʸκһۼǿ߶ϣʥܹħ
𣿺ܺãǶˣǾͳͳȥɣǣҵʵȻٽһ֣
кâһ
֮һѣߴʥ֮зɳֳǴǳı壬Ԧ޾Դݻһеǳ֮ǾŷʥֱӺȥ
һ˿˿ҫ̫龦ʥһ¸֣˫âҫǾͷʥֱȥ
ɫ׹ҫ״ʥֳ֮߳һսìǰͰ޿˹ȥ
ʯкâҫӡҫͷǿպʯֱӸ֣ͷ˺Ѳ񷣬磬Ǻڽħʥֱҧȥ
⧲֮䣬Ǻڽħʥͷһҧ֮ϣһ˺ֱ˺塣

Իʹʥ׹ҫֳһԻ񽣡գǺڽħʥһնǺڽħʥϣնһ޴˿ڡ
ԻʹʥǺڽħʥܣܾ裬жǺڽħʥ޵˼㣬ûȫָѾ˰ΣԺڽħʥ֡
ǺڽħʥʵҲֲޱȣһ¾ۺϣʩչطͷǿպʯԻʹʥǿ
ۼǿߣkǶʥѣ
ǿ£ȻܹۼѣֻۣʥѾµڰʿʳ

Щʥߡʥǿ̫龦ʥۼǿٻճһһ
ۼǿߣÿһ֮еţ֮еĹڰʿʳʱҲֻۼǿ߸֮
ۣӵۼǿѵѾȵڰʿʳĳ֮
ĪϣŵһȻۼǿ߶ߣһۼǿߡʥ̫ˣ
ҹһֻ̾»ֹ𣡣֮·ǿƣ֮ĵطǸط֮У֪ŶۼǿߡʥȻܹۼǿߣȻҲǿֻ߲߳Ҫ޵һʱˣ
汳˫֣Ȼվ֮Уͷһ޴ޱȵɺڶħԴ
ŷʥͷʥͰ޿˲ÿһʱͬ޵еǿߡߴʥ̫龦ʥ״ʥۼǿȻ˵ۼرȻǵkǵĶ֣ڽڰˣ˺ۡ
ֻˣСء
ǾȻ΢΢һЦйâһꪡֱӸ֣һ´ɺڶ֮ڣնħϣħֱնء


1268 ɾŷʥ
ħһնأӴޱȵԴк
һʱɺڶΧ֣Ƭʱ١
֮䣬һͷħɱеľͳͳɣҳɢ
ˣħȻˣ
kǺųʱ֮µĵһˣ
ʥ̫ˣ

֮Χ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻж΢΢һ
ħʱ֮µĵһˡ۴ʥһۼǿ߶kܣòǱӡһֲޣȻնɱе壬ЩʥߡʥǶ
һʱⳤӸ֣Χ
һ˲Ƴںڽħʥһն¡
һɲ֮䣬ʮѿգʮγһɣһ޼᲻ݵâնǺڽħʥ֮ϣӲĽǺڽħʥնء
һɺڶһ¸֣ڽħʥĲһС
ӡʱӡҫɺڶ֮ڵʱһ±ǧǺڽħʥĲԴһգһҳˮƮɢ
ڽħʥҲˣ
ʥ

ЩʥߡʥǺڽħʥҲסһж֮ɫڽħʥܻԻʹʥĺݽɫͷǿպʯҲֻܹƵõkʮǱȴû֮ǡһֲޱȵǿߣȻһɱֱ˲˼顣
һʱⳤһ¸֣쵽ǾŷʥһӰתʵһ˲ھŷʥһžŷʥֱնȥ
ŷʥߴʥǽ͵Ϯһдŭſһ磬һöۼرŷ顿ֱӷɳ޾Ļȥ
ŷһǷһı壬kǵͬѪѪľŷÿһͷǿޱȣ˿ˡ
һöŷ顿ǾŷһþѪƶɵرԼŷһһЩ޵رҪֲ֮
һնǡŷ顿֮ϣһɲ֮䣬ͷȼŷ֮ףоŷƵĿֲŷһ´ǡŷ顿֮зɳӲĽâ飬
һɺڶȻ֣ͷȼŷ֮׵ľŷֱɡ
¡
һ˲䣬һɺڶͱͷȼŷ֮׵ľŷֱӳűͷŷһлȥ
Զʱİ⡾ŷ顿ʵħҪʤһ̬
浭һ䣬кâһסâҫһģģӰһ¸֣ȫںһ
һģӰںϣĦʯ֮ڣԴԴϵĳȡӴޱȵ
Ӷеս֮ͷŷֱնȥ
Ӣʱⳤ֮и֣ʩչǿޱȵĹɱطͷŷȥ
֮Уһ»һƬսӢͷ߻ľŷɱ
桢籩׶ȸֳ֮˺Ѳ񷡣
ͬһ޵еħһս֮д󣬻ӶսꪼԦӢ飬ͷŷﲫɱš
һɲǣͻӳնһͷŷϣͷŷֱն顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣һͷþŷֱɡ
һͷŷﱻ֮ǡŷ顿һ±һ֡
޾Ļ֮УÿһͽһͷŷնɱĲͷŷͱֱն飬ȫɡ
Ϊҽְɣ
һɲ֮䣬ͳڡŷ顿ǰһץǡŷ顿ץС
ǡס֮һ¸ֳе룬Ĳǡŷ顿֮ϣ˲жˡŷ顿ŷʥ֮ϵ
ŷʥһӦԼ롾ŷ顿ϵжϣʱɫ䣬һŭɫʥ㾹ȻҶҾŷһĴرҾŷһ㲻ݣ
ãɱ㣬Ǿŷһ壬ʵǿ֣
кâһɱգһ³ھŷʥǰն¡
ܺãʥȻͱˣǾͬھɣŷ񷨣
ŷʥ־ŭҲһĨâӡҫȼѪʩչ˾ŷһеƴط
淭ڣγһ޼᲻ݵľŷǹ
ɾŷһǿһѪ֮γɵľŷǹףһߣҲ˺ߵԴȬҲǾŷһֲĹɱֶΣֻƴʱŻʹá
ŷʥԸޱȣƲƴһ˼
ŷǹһ۳ΣԭӵаۺΪľŷʥϢһ˥ߣ䵽˰۳ڡûдıһûϣ֮
һɲ֮䣬Ǿŷǹ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӴȥ
һĨ֮ɫһ֣ʱ֮֡Ȼɳ
ǡʱ֮֡Уӡҫһʱⳤһ¸֣Χ
Ǿŷǹ˺Ѳһ³ǰڣըѿһ𣬽ֱɡ
ɵˣ
ǿǾŷǹŷһƴط
ܾˣõĽ

һʥߡʥĶڵĻ棬жڴ֮ɫ
ҹһĨ֮ɫЦһȺǿǡʱ֮֡ʱ֮Ļرһ£ŷʥΣˣ
Īϣ֮һĨ֮ɫһ̾ʱ֮֡һųһرıﾹȻʥСŷʥΣգˣ
ŷʥǰһģξͻأޱȵĳڵkǰ·ӹȥԽڡ
һ̺Ӣ鹥ս˺Ѳնޱȵľŷʥϣһꪱ㽫Ǿŷʥնء
һɺڶȻ֣Ǿŷʥֱɡ
ʲôȻܹסŷǹ
ǿǾŷһƴط߶Ǿŷǹˡ
ôܻʥȻնɱ˾ŷʥʲô
ʱ֮֡ʱ֮Ļ۱ʱ֮֡
ǡʱ֮֡ʱת˴ڲͬʱգֹܸʱ֮ƾַ޵СûʥȻۼر

Щʥߡʥǿŷʥնɱɣж֮ɫŷƴط߶ɵ֣澹Ȼ˻ɱŷʥ˲
ʥȥӿˣk֮в֪˶ٺôȻŷʥĿֲڣҲɱ̫ǿˡ
ߴʥĿһۣһĨ˷ܺͲʣԦǹ⣬ǾͷʥֱӺȥ
ͷʥԶʱİѹס̫龦ʥߴʥһսʱŤת˾档
Ǿͷʥһж˿·磬Ҫɵ̫龦ʥȴȫܡ
ӡҫǾͷʥһ¶һ֮΢΢һȣһޱȵĹâȥ
ӣô򵥣
һʱһ¸֣ͬ˲һǾͷʥǰһžͷʥնȥ


1269 ë
ͷʥſһ磬һɢϢĲбȻɳ
һб֮ϣһص֡صӡҫǹϵһ·ɳһֲޱȵĵâնȥ
ܲ
һһֲޱȵĵâбӿһ˿򣬡ʱ֮֡ķ޷һ
һб֮ԶԶȲϾŷǹȼȴԶھŷǹ֮ϣ̺֮Ƶʱ֮֡ķ
һصĵâ˺Ѳ񷣬֮һӢֱն촷ۣһķ֮£kǵĺۼʷ֮ȫĨȥ
ָһţҫһһ˿˿Ĺ׶Ȼ֡
һֻ̺ŲĿֱֲӷɳſѪһֲâһҧȥ
һâնڹ֮ϣһе㲨ֱ飬˳նǹ׶֮ϡ
ǹ׶һѿҲǵâֱնϣѪ䳤ա
ޱһ˲ƳǾͷʥǰһն£Ӣٴθ֣ʩչֹɱΪһ壬ǾͷʥֱӺȥ
һ̺ϢĲбһ¸֣ŻɵĹâ̺һ˿˿Ϣ
ɱǲб֮ϣǲбֱӵס
ߴʥԦǹ⣬γһֻǳսǹǲбȥ
̫龦ʥ۳һ˺ǿյ̫鵶һնǲб֮ϡ
ǲб֮ĻɹâӲĵסǿߵĹֻǲбıӻ֮УͷʥϢҲڲϵ˥
ͷʥʥһӮˣߣƴܾˣûκκôҪ֪˶ȥƴܾˣֻͬ·һ
ƴܾˣǻǸʸ񣡡
ɭһЦָһţǡҪֱӸ֡
ʥߺǵġҪ룬һߺǣһߺ֮һɿֲ׵ĵϢ
Ҫشֱ֮֮·֮еԴ޸ʱֲޱȣĵ֮һ
ǵߺһ˫ۣ˫֮оҫնΪ̮֮kһץһץǲб֮ϡ
ǲбϲɵĹâĵֵǵߺǵĴ֡
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һꪺݺݵն£ӢȻ֣Լͨսȫڣγһɿֲޱȵս֮նǻɵĹâ֮ϡ
ǻɵĹâڱǲбǵߺһץһڴڵľ׽
ǲбһ֮ĲкҲǡҪڻָһ֡

ͷʥkıرǡҪ£һ춯صŭ

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֮⣬һģͷʥٴγ֣ѾָȫʢĴ֮Զȥ
ͷʥʵۣħҪѷǵkȴԶԶħ֮ϡ
һս֮УֻҪɱͷʥŴΣkܹȫʢΨ߼ǿߣĵۼرпһɱͷʥ
ʥ㾹ȻرҸ㲻ݡһɱӵˣһὫkһɱʹһ
֮У˾ͷʥԹޱȵ
Ѱ·
кâһӡҫһš֮Ȼ֣Ϣû֮С
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һ̺Ϣӡһ֣һ֮߳˫֮С
֮֮У֮ߴִޱȣͬʱŤģ·ӵޱȵ˵
ۣԭﻹۼǿߡֻ𣬻صúܺأҪ벶ȸں󣬿ϧûκλˡ
¶һЦݣһģһ˲Ƴھͷʥǰһꪺݺݵնھͷʥϡ
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ͷʥĲкһģĳַ֮£һ˲ֱ֮ӻָ
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ô֪ĵص㣿
ٴ֮󣬾ͷʥǳڵkǰ棬бޱȣغ
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һâֱն˲նھͷʥϣǾͷʥնء
ʥһҿԳΪʵѣ
ʥҪɱˣǿԽˣһˣ˸㡣㽫ʱΨһһߡ

Ǿͷʥοధ涼˿ûᣬһδεĽkնɱ
һɫâһǾͷʥھŴն֮һɺڶȻ֣ǾͷʥֱС
ӡҫǾͷʥڵԴȡһıɻҽ
ͷʥҲˣ
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ʲôȻܹƾͷʥĵص㣿
ǡ֮ۼر֮һ˵֮£κ˶ܴǡ֮ѡ

һʥߡʥж֮ɫ
֮еۼǿҲһĨɵ֮ɫ
ֵˣ
кâһĿһ˰Ͱ޿˵ϣһ˿˿ɭޱȵɱ
Ͱ޿״ʥߴʥ̫龦ʥǿߵΧ֮£Ѿ˺ۣȴȻ׺ףһսһѰܵĻᡣ
նɱͷʥͰ޿ʮֹϣͳһɫͷǣĬġ
һ˿˿ɫĹâҫһɫͷһӿֲޱȵĺһëͷϳһֻǵĿֲڣһ˿˿Ǹֲ֮ѹķ
ëۣ
Ȼǵk
kȻҲָˡ
ҲԣϾͰ޿ǵkĵĲ£ҲǵkĿǰһֻ֣ȻԸʥݻ١

ЩʥߡʥһһֲĴڣɫ䡣ǿһߣλ涥Ŀֲڡ
Դʱ֮󣬾ǵߵʱκһ߶Ǿ޵еĿֲڡ

ëɨ״ʥߴʥ̫龦ʥۼǿһۣ̽צһץ
һֻǳëĿֲצ֮и֣ݺһ£ۼǿߵĹͳͳ˺ɷ飬˳ƺǿϣǿһ


1270 նɱëۻ
Ȼǵk
Ҳֻкë۲֮ǿһۼǿߡ
ѾԽ𣿡
ѵkѾ𣿡

Щʥߡʥǿۼǿ߱һˣһĨɵ֮ɫ
ʱһһ߸գûʲôԵֵk
ʥ£
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ǿǵߣ
ǵߵܣǰʥһ

ЩʥߡʥĶźëһĨɵ֮ɫ
ëɭޱȵɱʥ㾹ȻҶҵĲ³֡ҸһᣬԲðɣֻҪԲãҾͷŹѡ򣬲ҪҲҪ壬Ϊ壡
һɲ֮䣬Բòһë֮߳ëȻĹâĶ档
ëۣ㲻ĹײţȻ̫ˣһŵĵߣһٽһ
кâ¶һ˿Ц⣬ӡҫһ˿˿˵Ϣ
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ëһצ˺ѳһ޴ĿӣĿɨߴʥǿһۣɭһЦ
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ȳһںɫѪǺɫѪһһŤһӵϸСʬҧȥ
ë۵Ĺ̺Ťķ֮㹻ǿᡣͨĴʥkһצУ嶼ðʬߣڲһʥɴ
һɺڹ΢΢һһϸСʬһ±ɴ
ëһ߻ɱҲѾ㹻ڵ״̬ܹãֻҪ״̬֮˳ɱ㣬ֻҪһצ
ȻһЦϧΪޣΪ⣬Ҫ㣡
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ڰϿڴʱǽ֮еĽأû˸ѰһԵ
渴գʥߡʥѣҲûѰһԵ
ڰϿһǧ֮һƬ֮УһҫһֻӴޱȵĽһ¸֡
һֻӴޱȵĽڹâ΢΢һһʥڵĹһºǹϿ֮ڡ
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һ춯صıը֮УϿȵһͳͳֱ
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ëһͬһĶһצһצͬһȥ
ԲǺë۳ȡһգγһεıϣѹȥ
һɺڶ֣ǰ
Ǻëһצͽһɺڶ˺飬˳һ޴Ѫ⡣
Ǻëô涼εסҪŵkڿһˣż֮ɫ
ǺڰϿȾһڻ֮һײĴϿ֮зɳǹײ֮һһëǿߡ
֮ս˴γ˿ֲޱȵĸЩëǿ߹ȥ
Щëǿ߶ǿ溣ǿߣǵkǸոմӷӡ֮ѣʵǳ͹ȵʱͬӲһ㱻Ļе˺顣
һޱȵĹһǺڰϿȵ롣
ͳͳ
һͭŹһ´ǺڰϿ֮зɳһëȻײĸһ´򿪣һֻޱȵצӣһץ
һɲ֮䣬һǧĿֲצһ֮̽һսһ
һҳǧսһ±ֱ󱬣ֲޱȵħһʣս֮еһͳͳʳ顣
һâҫϵսˣѸٵͭŹȥ
âҫͭŹ֮һ¸ֳصӡγɵһɫĽ磬ĵסЩϵս˵Ĺ
ͭŹһ֣ĺëۻʵһ½һء
ڵȵˣȥˣëۣ
Ȼ¶һɭȻЦݣһ˲ƳǺë۵ǰһն¡
ʱռŻǳɺڶһ˿˿Ťģ֮Ȼ֡
һɫĹâնǺë۵ϣǺë۵ĻһΪ
˫֮ӡҫʩչɷһ¿һźë۱֮ߣ˳֮ߣһն¡
棬
Զڲ֪֮ͭŹ֮һ·һޱȵĲҽУƬѪͭŹ֮ӿ


1271 ɺë
ô£ëۣôһ±ʥնɱ
һëҲӵԶǿߵôᱻʥնɱ
ǿһߣʥȻ齫kĻնɱˡҪһ˺Ƥ𣿡

ЩΧ۵ʥǿǺë۵Ļնɱһ
֮еİۼǿҲһں
ֱһһ˿˿ռҫֱӴԭʧ
ڰϿϷһսڲһԾֱӴ򿪣Ծ֮߳Զȥ
һһϵеսڷΧһͭŹףô޷һɫĽ硣
ͭŹ֮Уһ˿˿ޱȵӡҫһֻëĴһץֲޱȵĺֱѿն֮еһб촷ۡ
ɭһЦëۣȻļա
֮Уһ˿˿ҫһֱߴһĻеԲ֮зɳ
ǻеԲ֮Уһ·ɳϵеս˸һټܣÿһϵеս˶ɢһ˿˿ʥ
һǧɢʥս΢΢һΣͭŹֱӹȥ
һټʥعһһޱȣ۵˼ĹһºͭŹ֮ϡ
ͭŹ֮ϵɫһһ²ģʧ
һʥͬ˲һͭŹ֮ǰӵնǺë֮ϣǺëնһ˺ۣһεκɫĵѪ䡣
һǧʥĻеܣôܣôôʥĻеܣ֮ҲûôʥĿܣ
ͭŹ֮һ´һŭ쳣ǳëĴֱһץһľ޴ħצֱӸ֣Щʥսֱȥ
һټܽȻ֣໥ӡҫһ֧ľ޴Ȼ֡
һ޴ޱȵħצһǷ֮ϣһ˿˿֮С
ǹ׵һ˵ͭŹ֮ϣһһڵͭŹ׵Ĳϡ
ͭŹһıɡ
һʥķӡһ·ɵͭŹ׵Ϸ໥ǽ塢ʯʿݶͷӡ֮ͭŹ֮ϡ
һޱȵķӡӡϵʴһֻë֣kһڡӡ
ҪɱңЩϣʸ񣡣
һŭһͭŹ׵Ĺײĸһ´򿪣һëͷһֻǣֱ۵ĺëһ³֡
Ǻëһ֣һɿֲޱȵĲӵk֮һӡ֮һӽk壬ֱŤ顣
ɫëͬһֻֻɫĳǹһ㣬ֱһܼ׵Ļ֮ϣһֱܼӹᴩɳ֮Զ
һټعһһԽۼǿ߻ĿֲһǺëۺȥ
Ť
ëкâһָһһŤޱȵħ˺Ѳ񷣬֮γһŤ֮⡣
һԴݻٰۼǿߵĹŤ֮һֱŤźë۵ȥһߵĴ֮ϣһߵĴغһ׵Ĵ󶴡
һĨ֮ɫһߣ
һټع׹ھҪסʮַǺë۾Ȼ׵Ťգһküֱƿֲ
ʥ£ֻҪ㷢ЧңҾһ
ͭײ֮ڣǺëâë˫һ¿ԽսĺϽ𽢱ڣһ콢֮ڵ汾
һ˿˿ëȻΣԤӿͷ·һ̾ͻᱻǺëֱ˺Ƭ
ëۣȫʢ֮ʱпɱҡڣƾʲôɱң
һЦһ֣һټܻ屻ᴩװγڵĺëһǺëȥ
ڤ粻飡
ͭŹ֮еĺëâӡҫһɲ˫һ˺
һɲ֮䣬һɿֲޱȵ籩Ȼ֣˷ϯȥ
һټʥҲǿֲޱȵ籩ֱӴɰ
һټʥĽһ·ɵ콢ǰſ磬ػ档ǽרΪսˣһټߵĹҲԵֵһ
һɫĹâҫͭŹ׾ǻһ⣬һ˺ѵĿռ䶴Ѩֱ֮ȥ
һĨЦȻˣëۣڻЩѵʱǿѣ˺ܴɣ
һɿֲޱȵĿռ䲨ӿ˺ѿռ䶴Ѩһߣֳһܼʥռ׵Ӱ
һ˺ѵĿռ䶴Ѩһ±
Щ׷׷˲ƳͭŹ֮ǰӵǺëֱնȥ
ʥ㲻Ҫ̫
ëâҫһŭ𣬻צһץͬһһ׵ڣһɿޱȵĺɫϢһһֱըѿ촷ۣҲ޷顣
һɱһףǺëϾͶһƣһ¸ֳһ˿˿˥ϸϢ
Щסعǰ̵Ǻëȥ
Ǻëâҫÿһצܹһסع׺ɷ顣һɫħγһŤޱȵķ磬εػŵk塣
̶ʮ֮䣬ټʥסع׾ͱǺëɱýֻʣʮܡ
˲𣡣һǧʥΧ֮£Ȼܹɱһʮߡ治Ǻëۣ
콢֮ڣ濴Ƿ·޵аĺëۣһĨ֮ɫʵһǧʥΧҲֻߡ
ʥȻҪǾͬھɣ
ëһĨâһͭŹ̤֮һɰԾصĵѹӵk֮ϯķ
ëһͭŹ̤֮ɢһɹ긯ζkֱһЩߵΧһ³콢ǰһצ콢ȥ
һټܽ׹âҫһ޴ޱȵĶֱӸ֣콢֮ǰ
¡
һֲֻޱȵħצһ¹ᴩǾ޴Ķƣ˳ƴ콢֮ڣ콢ķͬϽװһͬ˺顣
Ҫɱңƾ㻹ûǸ£
âҫһ½̬Ӷս֮ꪣһնǿֲޱȵħצ֮ϡ
޾ħҫӢ飬˳ƺϡ
һɲ֮䣬ͱɳҰߵֱ飬ħͬӵһ㣬ӡʴȥ
ϧһ㣡
ëŲ֮ɫһ֮̾Ŵ֮׹ȥkԪѾֱ䡣
һɺڶֱӸ֣һǺëϣë۵ֱɣԴԴϵĵ߱Դһûڡ


1272 䣬
ëһ䣬֮һ̺Ź֮ӡһ±ޡ
һſǳͬһ㣬׹䵽˲֮λ档
Ѫɫƻۣһ˿˿Ѫɢء
䣡˭
һޱȵʱⳤ֮Уĸ˫ۣӡҫտȥ
䣡˭
˭ˣ
һڲͬʱա֮ͬеϹǷ׷˫ۣ֪һС
ëˣ
ʥ棬Ȼɱһߣ
úݵļһһλûж֣Ūһߣǿ£
ëǸڻѵʱ򣬾Ȼָ磬Ѱ·

һͨطԼԼ֮еĺֵõ鱨ͷ΢΢һصøء
Ѿȫˡ
һͷĸһģ˿γһ޴ޱȵĳ롣һ΢΢һģԭʧ
ǳ׹䣬Ѫգеˣ
ط䶯һˣ
еˡһ䣿

ǲ֮λ֮Уһʥϵǿ߿յɫ䡣
ǳ׹䡢ѪգֻеŻḡֵ
䣡ѵǺëۣ
еĵ߶˯ڲͬĵطҲֻкë䣬ѵǺëˣ
ѵʥĽëնɱˣ

߱ɽΧЩʥߡʥǳ׹䣬Ѫյӿһ˿˿⡣
ëˣ
һ·ճˣȴû̫塣
ʥֻҪڣһʱûܹ֮λ

֮еİۼǿ߿ǳ׹䡢ѪյһĨ֮ɫ
Щۼǿ߶ܹӦ֮һ·֮еӡǱ˿ٴ·Ϊߡ
ߴʥ̫龦ʥ״ʥǿΧ֮»˺۵İͰ޿˾ȻһѪһ˻ߵغôܣô䣡
һߣΪУҲֻ·һ
һһ´֮и֣ݺݵҧڰͰ޿˵ϣһ˺kֱ˺顣
âҫͰ޿˱˺ѵֱߣӡ֮ڡ
̫龦ʥ״ʥеУж¶һ˿֮ɫ
һۼǿߵĲǾ䣬֮еıرħҩһУðۼǿ߳֡
̫龦ʥ״ʥۼǿȻҲնֱۡѪرͱҩԵkǵҲȫòʧ
ˣ
ʥʱˣ

һâҫǻʥߡʥǶ׷׻һʧ
ҹһ̾ӽ֮УҲûܹʥ⡣ھʿʵۡ
ĪϣҲĬһɫĹâԭʧ
֮λħ硣
ʥع飬ħԶۣɱԶŵߺëۣ
һըԵϢһǲ֮λħ֮д
ôܣħʱ֮µĵһˣôܻܣ
ʥعˣѾ֮·г𣿾֮·гҲδԶ۵Ķ֡
һϢǼϢԶʱĵ൱˴ʿʳʿʵۣÿһǿޱȣ޵Уôܱɱ
ʥع飬Ӧģ

һ֮ħ֮дûʲôʥܹһħԶۡԼԶŵߺëۡ
ħԶۡë𣿡
ûħԶۣСնɱ˺ë۵Ļ֮ǳ׹䣬Ѫաë۾ˡûв´Ӧɵġ
ôܣʥֻһʥôǿᣬôܻɱһߣ
ʥܻɱһȫʢĵߡһȴѾӽ긯ࡣkıλӦñʥҵձƳ֣긯
㱻Ƴ֣һӦҲԴʥѡ
ֻܹ˵ʥֲֶ֮ԶԶǵԤϡ

һֻʥ߲ܹʥ̳֮ڣһȺʥصĽšΪԭûǰ߱ɽʥ߱ɽһС
һ˿˿ЩʥߡʥǵıڶĿֲԶԶ˵kǵ
Ȼ׷Ѿ޵֮·
˭֮·Ϣ
ǲµûд֮·мһϵѾʥ޽ԼΪʥѡ
ȷֻѶǲ£
ʥǿƣѻǲ£ʲôֻһˣ˵ѱȲ»Ҫ

֮·Ѿʿ磬Ϊ˽ڲ֮λһġ֮·֮ǿ߻ع飬Ҳ֮·鱨
Դǡ֮ڡ֮֮·֮нһ嶼Ѿ鸽棬ΪĲѡ
̫龦ʥʮֹͶ棬ΪĲ¡״ʥѡΪѡ
֮·֮ǿߵͶûǰ֡
ʥѾ޵һʱҲûĶ֡
δأֻҪûн׵ߣһ˿ܣ˳Խ
ûǳ֮ҲǱѹôһλᣬǶλ޵Уѹеˣ

Щʥߡʥʥ̳֮۷׷ס
֮λսħڵ֦մ½֮⣬˷裬һһǳսħڵǿߴǿ֮ץȻЩ̻˽и졣
֦մ½޽һǼʸۿ֮УͣͧЩͧι״˸λķ
һҴ͵սŴ򿪣һüĳһֻۣʳӻĴս֮¡
ʯ۴ʥ
ʳʯһĨսǰȻһЦ
ʯǸʮò޾׵ʹսʿ
۴ʥ΢΢һЦʯʥʥʲôط
ʯЦʥڱչԼзԸҴȥ
۴ʥһĨâչѵҪͻƣ̤һװֱۡһ죬̤򣬳Ϊĵھʿʵۣ
ʥ۷Ѿ̤һ׳Ϊߡеİۼǿʵ϶Ǵʥ۷벽һ˿ǿߡ
˴ʿʵ֮Уǳֱ֮ɴʥ۷һ죬̤򣬽׳Ϊʿʵ۵ľ콾
ʯȻһЦܿ⣺絽ôģҲֻԼ֪
ľ󣡣
۴ʥǸ֮һ۾Ϳǿ߻Ǹ֮УǸ۷˼㡣


1273 Ա
Ǹ֮Уǿߡ
ԴħԶŰۼǿߡɱë۵Ϣȥ֮սħڵ֦մ½ͳΪġ
˸ŽףͬʱҲܹһ棬Ͷֱӽˡ
ʯȻһЦԽǿ᲻ҲԽǿ𣿸ϾһԱ
۴ʥһĨ֮ɫûʥΪĵھʿʵۣܹٴγΪİ
ʯĴ֮£۴ʥ֦մ½ƽǰ
ǻƽǰƽˮڣǺӿȥ
Ǻ룬˫ۣصӡ֣һ˿˿͸ӡ˿߻Χγһӡӡ
һ˿˿ֲ׵Ϣ֮ͬһͷڳ˯ɱ䡢
ÿµϢֻһʥ
۴ʥһǻƽ棬ӹһ˿˿ʡ֮һ˿˿ѹ۴ʥо˾޴ѹ
۴ʥʥ
۴ʥǻƽ֮ǰһ
˫ǻƽ뻺۴ʥ˴ǰкιɣ
۴ʥһĨ֮ɫ֪ʱ֮֡ΪʲôС
ʱ֮֡ǵһʿʵʱ֮ĻۼرҲһ޵رʱʳ
ʱ֮ʧǴͳġʱ֮֡Ҳʧʱʳǿ߲Ŵ֣һʿʳĵλյµһʿʳı
ǡʱ֮֡ǵһʿʳͳ̳˵
⡾ʱ֮֡Ȼʱ֮ҵģ
浭õʱ֮֡Ĺ̸۴ʥ
۴ʥĬ˺һŻʥʱ֮֡ʱʳͳ̳˵Ȼȵˡʱ֮֡ǻʱ֮ĳϡʱʳӽ𣬾Ψհ
Ҳǵģ
۴ʥָһһöɫˮֱӷУʱʳı嵥ȸˣʲôԸϵҡ
ã
۴ʥһתȥ
ˣʱ֮˲һܹʱʳ鸽
ѩŴһ߳ǡʱ֮֡һ߰棬һ߷Ц
΢Цʱ֮ȷʵ˲𡣲һܹʱʳ鸽ҡѾǿʱʳ鸽ĳ̶ȣ۴ʥԸЧҡ
ɱ˺ëһߣǱѾǹδĵھʿʵۡһǶλͻȫƿ֮С
۴ʥҲֻǽšʱ֮֡ͷͶ档
ʱʳͶ棬Ҳر

Ȼ֮䣬֮ϵĽ񳲹âҫӡҫӴޱȵһû֮ڡ
¡
弶΢΢һȻ̮һըѿ
һɲ֮䣬ֲޱȵ籩˺Ѳ񷣬еһͳͳݻ٣˺ѡ
ã䣡ЩһҪˣ
ôֱʣȻԱһ񳲡Щǿ߾дֱʡ

ŵʿһĨ֮ɫһ鱨Ѹٵķȥ
䣡
Ա񳲣

һϢ˸֮УǸ嶼һʮӡ
һǿʩչ׷
ǿһռʿڵ棬ضдϴǿɱ䵱ں桢ܼļƷ
Աģһ̮һֲޱȵŤѨ
Ťʴ峤ߴ׵ľ޴ŤѨ֮вϵĿţ֮һĿɣγһͨ
һϰ°һƤӡòֳһ޴ǰľǿһŤ֮š
Ǿÿ̤һ֮дһֲޱȵķ֮
޴ĳӶֱըѣճҺء
ʮ֮䣬һǿ߱ϱԵʮּѵһ
һɲ֮䣬ʴĳһըѿǾǿͬѣܵ˾޴ޱȵķ֮ѪҺһ±ʮ˥
ǹһߣһֻ޴ޱȣ޾غµ۾һǾǿߵϡ
ǾǿѪһ±ŭһһֱӿԽϣٵʿ硣
Ǿǿ߿Խϣٵʿһ˲䣬kһѿ
ߵâǾǿߵ֮зɳ硣
һȼŻĳǿɨһѾû겨İۼǿһۣüͷ΢΢һ壺Ȼ淨Ѿɶðۼǿ߽١ΪǹһİۣҲǹݵġ
һеĹۼǿһ̶ִ٣ϵս֮⣬˶ӡ֮Ҳ𣿡
һǹ⣬׵ǿüͷ΢΢һ֮ˡԶΣաǵ֣߳һȥ
һǿܣĵ߶ڳ֮Сĵ߽٣kǸǵkǵĵ֣֮ʱ򣬾Ѿkնɱˡ
һǿߵǵ񣬾ǼѨ죡ֻҪܹ죬Щϳ棬ܹٳһðۼǿͨеĵ·ĵֻ̣ҪܹԴԴϵĽۼǿͶ棬ܹش
һ޾֮еİǿ΢΢һЦӰצڣǿ٣ֻ·һ
ǿ߶΢΢ͷĿһһŤӰӵӰצǿϡ
Ӱצǹۼǿ֮ǰĴڡ˲Ϊܣǹǿ콾֮һҲǹʱϣߵǿ֮һ
ӰצػֻʧܣӦýͳͳɱǵĿġԹأǲܹõ񡣶ȥɱ¾ɣҪһˣ
ã
ûɱˣ
֮е¼ʶһǵĿֲ

İۼǿһ¶˷ܵЦݣһԭʧ

һռݵǳϷ
ϣͳͳɻҰɣ
һ˿˿ҫһǿһ³֣һЦһųɫ̫һ׹䵽ǿǳ֮ϡ
¡
һ֮Уһǳ㱻޾Ļɡ


1274 
һ˲һפһʿͱ޾Ļɣפŵ»ϵʿͳͳճɻҡ
һȺϣ
һİǿ΢΢һΣһ·ɵΧǿգʧ
һǳΧǿգһâҫһİۼǿһֻӾֱȥ
ϮϮ
һֻһ·󾯱ǽ֮һ·ɳսһǿ߳ȥ
Դ֮ս֮󣬸ʹսħ֮ж˴ľǿѾӵԼĽӡ
һҫĹһ½ǿû
һɲ֮䣬һֻӴޱȵĽ˲һ½壬ȻҳƬ񷡣
һǿߴһֻӴޱȵĽӣݺһײǿǳ֮ϡ
¡
һŤĵ֮նǿǳ֮ϣǿǳһ˲ķѣ顣
ǿǳ֮Уʿֱӷɳ˷ȥ
·һֻ֮ôĨķ֮һĹֱըѿ飬Ѫ񷡣
324ǳݻ٣Էưۼǿߣ
876ǳݻ٣Էưۼǿߣ

ܲһ鱨ǰ
ߴ鳤ɫʮѿ޲ߡ
ӣһ̾һĨ֮ɫȻʵһС鳤Ҳ޷һʥߣ͸ʥ֮ϵĴʥˡ
ӣ츳Ϊڣ˿ټȲȨƣѡ˳Ϊ鳤Ϊ鳤֮ʵͱûټ֮ĲѾԽԽ
һۼǿѾԶԶܹӦԵļޡ
ʥɽ幹ħһֻ̳аۼǿ߲ܹ̳
ʥɽ룬ʮλһâ΢΢һ۴ʥͶӰһϯλ֮ϡ
һâ΢΢һһòף߸ϢͶӰһ³Ƭ֮С
һòףͶӰ۴ʥ˵ȥʥˡ
۴ʥûʥ
һòͶӰǵʿʳħʳһۼǿ߷ʥkҲǵħ֮µİ˴񽫡
ʥ۴ʥýӳ֮ѣѡδ̫˰ɣ
۴ʥӵСʱ֮֡˾ʱʳͳ̳ߡûΥ
ʥһĨâʱ֮ˡkȻ䣬ô̤ģֻһˡΪʱʳδˣϣܹٺúÿһ¡
۴ʥһ˳Ĭ֮С
һâҫһ·޾ǹ֮еͶӰһ³ʥɽ֮С
ǹ⹹ɵͶӰǳİۼǿǴʥ
Ǵʥյλһ۵һЦһΣֻˡ
۴ʥüͷ΢΢һ建һ̾ЩһǶ뿴Źʵʱ򣬻ҪĶǣʵһĿǳļһ
ʥ۴ʥʥܷ֣֣ЩһﶼС󣬸һ
ǴʥҲ΢΢ͷ¶һ˿˿ڴ֮ɫ
֮ǰһ֣ͽԶŵİۼǿɱɵ˺ëһߡѾǹϴʱʿĵһ֡
۴ʥɱ䣡׼һ
ʥɫ΢΢һ䣺Ҫһˣ
Ǵʥһ̾ʥǸô죿ǿۼǿߡһ𣬾ҲǵkĶ֡
ʥһĨ֮ɫ׷ʵҲǵkĶ֣ôǿ˭
ǳʳǿ߾ͨԤ˵˴ʳ֮סȻûн֣ǴʥȻͨԤԤԵ˵ǿֲ֮
ǴʥӰצǿߡ
۴ʥϵȻˣǾߣеǵĸ֮أķߡ
ʥЦãȻkǲԸôҲùܵkǵ
Ǵʥüͷ΢΢һ壬ɨǿյϯλһֱۣӳĬ
ʿ֮УѾѵİۼǿ߾ʮϡʥɽ֮Уȴֻǿ֣߳Ȼǿ߶ͷ໥ġ
֮УʿĽӶ׷׳룬عһҪء
峷ˣ
Щ˵
ʿЩȻˣ

ʿأЩһ峷ˣһĿɿڴӿһ˿˿⡣
һֱʿѹĹǿ߷׷ӿͬȳһʿӿȥ
أһ±һһɱ
Ȼˣ
年ĶǣԸҪʵȻҲƴֵڵһߡ
Ȼõķ
ӰצޣҪǵֻۼǿػ
Уʳ̫ǿǸʥ塣ǵֻܹһʳ˶䡣ҪĻֻһطҪϧһдǿ
ʲôط
սħڣʥҪһ죬׳ΪǿߣԲܹɹһɹ׵ߡǹ治֪ҪжСҪɱ˵k
ûʥk

֮Уߵֲ׵һ´˹ʶ˷һ
һһĽֱӷɳǿߣʧӰ١
սħڱ֦մ½֮С
һֲޱȵϢȻ˺Ѳ񷡣
Բ֮ڣӴޱȵ߻ۡ
ʲô
ڳ֮λ
ʥʥڳ֮λkҪһ죬Ϊһߣ
ʥȻҪ֮λ̫ˣʱ仹ǧ꣬ҪѾһ𣿡
ߣҪ֮λ
壬ѵҪھʿʵ𣿡

Բ֮ڣеʥʿϵǿ߶Ӧصı仯ɫ䣬
һâҫʥߡʥ߸
һߵĽǿʮ궼ѵһ
ԻʹʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾ÿ죬û뵽ȻҪʿʵˡ
ߣȻҪʿʵˣһһӾȻ̳һʿʵۣã
һӸӦһɿֲףϢſϲ֮ɫ㵸ȫûɷǵʡ
ߣʿʵۣսħھȻҪһʿʵ𣿡
յսħյ̫ϳϿǸһ㱣жŲ֮ɫ


1275 Ƶ֮
Ԫ׸ӦԶһᴩϢĹâÿ죬ȻҪˣ
Ԫҫʿʱ滹ֻһʿսħںԴİ֮£Ž溣Ѿʼ֮ȻԪгӡ
һֲޱȵĹâҫսħһ·ɳһӰֱֳΣ档
ǷԲ۶淨֮γһӡɢϢţصӡһȺɫʯ֮и֡
֮ţ
ֻҪ俪һȵ֮ţԼԼӡǵ֮ڣܹ׳Ϊߡ
ǾǴ˵֮еĵ֮š֮зľۺ塣ʥȻߵһ
ֻҪһʥܹ׵ߣΪھʿʵۡ

˷֮Уһ߿ƾոֵĵ֮ж֮ɫ
۴ʥ߷Ĺâھʿʵۣÿٶȣ
۴ʥ
һâ΢΢һһò֣üһѪɫӡͷͷͬӵһ㣬žջݵĿֲǿߴ֮߳۴ʥǰ
۴ʥѪħߴʥҪȥΪʥҪҵ·𣿡
Ѫħߴʥûֻң˶Ըʥ׵ߡѾư̫ˡһν׵ߵĻᣬԲø壡Ĺʶ
۴ʥ㲻ҵĶ֣
۴ʥϾǵһʳʱʳİۼǿߣս׺סֻħǵ֮µĵһ˲ܹ׵Ļ۴ʥİǿߣ۴ʥ˿塣
ȷʵĶ֣۴ʥҵֻס㣡
ѪħߴʥһģѪڣǧѪӵkͷ֮зɳһѪɫħߣ۴ʥֱȥ
۴ʥһĨâ֮ӡҫĹѪɫħߺȥ
һƬ֮Уһͷ峤ͨɺҫħҹɵĺҫ굲ߴʥǰ
Ǻҫ꿪ڵߴʥһʥ֮Ϊʲô㻹ҪȥֻҪˣ嶼ܹѡ
ߴʥҫʥҼȻѾʥΪͱΪЧͲҪ˵ˣÿ֮Ψһս
Ǿһսɣҵס㣡
ҫʥâҫӡӿߴʥֱȥ
ߴʥҲֳ壬һǳĿֲޡ
ͷǳƬ֮ɱֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
һƬ֮С
һǣһͷ췢һɺ׳ľվ֮оĿһߵ̫龦ʥ
̫龦ʥһ̾ɺ״ʥҪȥ·֪֪ʥܹһߡǷɺ嶼֮Σ
ɺ״ʥȰ̫龦ʥʥ̫龦ѪõĻᣬֻҪһ֣ͬûᣬһܹɱʥ֮У֮⣬ûԸ⿴ʥܹ̤򡣡
̫龦ʥһ̾ˣʥո֮ʱ֣߰˷ֵİջܵkڣѾҲûĶ֡ʥĿԶһȰְɣ
ɺ״ʥ֮һĨâ̫龦ʥĿҲԸΪʥЧ֪Ҳûбʥ½ơõʱҲΨһľͻᡣ
ûǲԸΪʥЧϧ̫ǿˣǿη塣ɺ״ʥȻ㵲ҵ·ô֮ΨһսȻʥʵҲѡһҲȥ
̫龦ʥӡҫһŷɺ״ʥֱӹȥ
ɺ״ʥü΢΢һ壬һƬëkУ仯Ϊһ׺׵һӭ̫龦ʥ
һƬ֮С
ɫ׹һƬ⺣ֲ֯ĳ˷ɢȥ
״ʥΪʲôҪʥ
kΨһԽĴڡҪk⺣ʥסְɣʥ־ңһ׳ɹǹ⺣ҲΣա
ʥðǿ֮ţĻ۲עʧܡһΣõĻᡣҲΨһĻᣡ
֮Уǿ߼ս
ԮԲͬһ׵ߣһʱ˶ûϣ׵ߡ彫ӭھʿʵۣѹǿߡѾԲս죬һk׳Ϊһߣͻ޽ӽߴʿʵ޵а
Щ˯ʱⳤ֮еĵǴ󲿷ֶѾĴڡkҲԸʱһ޵аĵk
սħΧǿգ˵Ŀⶼϡ

һȣ·һָ
ǻƽ֮Уһӿƽˮûڡ
һɷĲ֦մ½֮УƽһڣӴޱȵĻƽˮڤڤķӿ
ǿҲûиǻƽˮ
ҿ
ƽˮâһ˫ȭ֮ӡҫ̺ſֲޱȵһȭһȵ֮źȥ
Ȼҹ֮ţôĵӣ
ȷ򿪵֮ŵķʽǶԼȫԻԼĵ·֮ͨ˴ʿʵ̿һȷķʽ
ǿĵ֮ţˣ

ΧʥߡʥǼһĻĿɿڴ
¡
һ۶ɵĵ֮ųޱȵɫâһա
һɲ֮䣬ֱӳ˿ڣסҲֱӿѣƬѪ֮ӿ񷡣
Ȥ
΢΢һ¶һ˿˷ܵЦ⣬ӡҫϵ˿Ѹٵϣٴһȵ֮ŷȥ
¡¡¡
ĺһĵ֮ţÿһأֲޱȵķ֮忪ѣѪ񷡣
𣿡
ʥˣ

ЩʥߡʥǶһ˼Ŀ档
̬ҿ
ȻޣǹӰںϣһȭǵ֮ϡ
ʱռŻǳɺڶһ˿˿֮Ȼ֡
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһȵ֮һ±䴩һѨ
ǶѨ֮У淨Լ澫һк£֮ϣǿ꣬
ͬһʱ䣬һֲ׵ķ֮һϣҼ硢ֱӺ飬̺һ˿˿ʥӲʥرʥҲѣƮɢ


1276 
һ˿˿ҫһٶȰӳ֮£Խ˹ٵɫӰһɲ֮䣬ʹ֮Ʋ֮гǰֳһذȥ
ʥϹźڵʱųٶȵһİۼǿߣ
kʱ̫ˣһʥʱ򡣡

ЩΧʥߡʥж¶һ˿˿ɵ֮ɫ
ǿѾ˵˫֮оâһģʱռŻǳ֣Ťʱգһʥذ֮ϡ
һֲޱȵһذֱӱ顣

ʥݾ֣һޱȵĲҽУһı飬飬·ɽ
Ҳһ˲ٴѿѪǿա
һɺڶֱӸʥĲֱӾȥ
ʥס֣
Զһ´һŭޱȵһɫҫһòףʳľɫ˴ԶٵƬǿա
һɺڶһ´һɿֲޱȵ֮ʥֱɣеԴͳͳһա
һˣ
ÿ£ʥȻܹһɱһۼǿߣǿ£
kȻҲ˴ۡǵkʵֲ̫ˣ
ǿԻƵ֮ŵĹ

ЩʥߡʥǶһĶ棬г˼ɵ֮ɫ
ʥɱɷ÷ʥģһᶯһɱ㣡˭ֻҪܹɱʥ÷ʥԸΪūΪ澣ΪkЧ
÷ʥ֮һĨ֮ɫԹԡ
һޱŮʥΪūΪ澣ƾߡһۼǿҲʮ
һɫҫһԽ˹ٵӰһ³÷ʥ󣬻ӽһն쵽˵ļޣ÷ʥͷ­һնϡ
һɫĲӰһ÷ʥ㱻ն飬Ҳնɷ顣
Ѿһʬ塣ΪūΪ澣ҲûҪɣ
һЦ֮ѩŵӰһ¸֣һɫֱӳУһɿֲޱȵһ´÷ʥĲֱ˽ȥ
κһʥѪ⡢궼ǼΪı
һδʥѪͿԸıһ˵ˡ
ǵ֮УԴԴӿ淨򲻶ϵǿ꣬һֲֿٶȣɱ䣬ÿһʱ䶼øӵǿ
Щڰĵ˶ղһȭɱʥ壬˳Ĭ֮У䣬һݵĻָʱ䡣
֣
֮дһ֮
һҫһ޾֮еĻǳֱӳ֣ݺݵײȥ
һò׵ֱӸ֣ģǹҫ
һǧٿǳϷɳγһޱȵĽ磬ա
Բǹⶼǿȡһǧٿǳ֮УγһԷӡۼǿߵķӡ硣
һۼǿףҪɱһۼǿȴʮѡİ۽Ƭշӡǲݵս
Ǻİһ¸֣һɫսףֳֳɫǹȥ
İ۴һɫսףֳɫǹȥ
ǰİһŤĸ֮УֳһȨȣһָһ׵ȥ
ǹǿǲϵĸƶһӰ֮г֣Ͻӽ棬ѰһɱĻᡣ
ۼǿߣǹĴ̿ͣ
kǹɹĴ̿ͣ
ǲkǹΪ˴ɱʥ𣿡

ЩʥߡʥǿۼǿһĨâȴû˳֡ǰۼǿߣЩʥߡʥƴֵпܵסkǵĹ
ѩɨǿһۣһĨ֮ɫ
ֻǼ
һĨ֮ɫϵϢ΢΢һӡҫһɰۼĿֲ
֮Уһȵ֮Ҳһıʧ
ۣԭûѡ֮ѡװۣ
ԭˣ׵ߣһʱ䡣ڣȴȹȥǿ󣡣
ǵkһ죬׵ߵĻᣬһҪ׵ߣͱһҪ̫ˡ

Щʥߡʥһ۷׷ף˼ɵ

һУꪡһ¸УһһŻǳֱնȥ
һɲ֮䣬һɫ̫Ȼ֣϶Ϊһһ˿˿޼᲻ݵĲնһŻǳ֮ϡ
¡
һŻǳһ±֮ն飬һİҲն顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǳİۡۡۡۡۡͳͳУֲޱȵ֮䣬ĳȡ۵Դ
һ֮䣬ͻҽԴֱɡ
һʩչɺڶȥ
۵ֹһ½ɺڶֱӺ顣
һɫâһնǰ۵ϣֱӽǰն飬˲һɺڶ֮С
Ϣ֮䣬汳Ӱ֮Уһһͬ޲һ㣬צֱӴȥ
Ӱצǿߣ˲Ҳ֪Ĵڣһ˵ᱻشˣϧȻѾ֪Ĵڡôעֻķݡ
һʱΧһٶһ±ӿ쵽ٱеġꪡһɫĻߣһնһնӰצ޵֮ϣǹ֮һֱһΪնѿ
꣡
һ֮УһӰֱѣӰצһ´ԭʧ
ӰӰצ֮еıرÿһӰ鶼һΡǰۼӰޱȣÿһȻ֮󣬲ŻᵮһšӰצ֮Ҳֻвʮš
ˣϧĶ̿ǲʳѰ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨâһ֣һšֱ֮Ӹ֣û֮С
һ˿߱鲼Ƭ
ҵˣǿȻƬǷʥ绹˲𣡣
֮ĳһۣ¶һɭޱȵЦݣ΢΢һΣƬֱӷȥ
ƻǹ
һ۷ȼվѪ嶼ʼȼգü֮ξâҫһɫĻǹȥ
ƻǹǺƴطҪǿȼѪܹʩչطɱֲ꣬ס

üͷ΢΢һ壬һնѿգ϶ΪһγһɫâһǺƻǹֱնȥ
¡
ɫĹâǺɫĹâ֯һ໥
ǺɫĹâȫ֮ǰһɫѪǹâ֮зɳһûʶ֮ڡ


1277 նߴ
ʶ֮УһѪɫǹֱӸ֣˺Ѳ񷣬ŻԵʬȥ
飡
ʶ֮УһӰȻ֣һȭ˺Ѳ񷣬һѪɫǹ֮ϡ
һɿֲޱȵĻѪɫǹһ顣
Ѫɫǹ˲䣬ı΢΢һΣһ˿˿ѪĿ
һɺڶֱӸ֣һ۵Ĳֱɡ
һӰ΢΢һǹİ۳󣬻Ӷսֱնȥ
һĽȻ֮С
һնǲĽ֮ϣǽֱնƣһնϣնĻ塾ס֣նһ˿ڡ
ƬѪ񷡣

治ɫһնӢ鸡֣ݺݵնǹ۵Ͻǹֱնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǹɡ
ǡʱ֮֡һ·ɳһʱֱ֮ϡ
ʱ֮£Ѫɣûڡ
ǹն˿ڣʱ⵹֮Уʧ
ʱݣʱ֮µķ
ʱݵķ֮£۶ôصƶָܹû֮ǰֻʱ֮յ취
ʥȻַ˾

һ֮еǿǼһĻжӿһ˿˿
ƻǹ
İâһȼѪ꣬üĵξһųصӡ
⡢⡢⡢Ĵʥ壬ʵͬһĴ֧kӵͬȣҲͨͬط
ͬķΪһеڶΣһзķٶ̫ˣ
һӰ΢΢һǼٱͬ˲һں۵¶һ˿Цݡ
һɫâһǺ۵ķѣһɺڶֱɡ
һĨɫɵʥһĲǿߣǿߡԮѶסŸᡣ棬ͶɣֻҪͶ棬λߴˣһߡ
һɵηĿһ¼ϡ
һͶ棬ľƾͻᷢ츲صı仯Щ֮ǰûܹסı档
Ͷ棬ǲܵģΪԶҲҽ㣡
浭һЦ̤ʱⳤӣͬ˲һ۵ǰһնһꪴŻԵһǿս磬ն룬һɺڶֱӸֱֽɡ
ֻʣһˣ
ĿտȥһƬһ˵֮УһӰ΢΢һŤģӰצһ³Ƭ
ʥǿϧ㵮治ԡעҪʱ
Ӱצɱһţ΢΢һΣӡҫһŤֳ
Ӱצ϶һ˿˿ۼĿֲϢk΢΢һΣһɲ֮䣬Ӱ֮и֣ɢͬϢ˷ֲ٣ƽ
ĲӰ˲ķϧôǿķӲ˵
˫֮ĪĹâͬһ޵еħ񣬻ӶսꪣֱһնӢ鸡֣ʩչſԽʱⳤӵĿֲսֱӺ
˺ѲâһնƬ֮еӰצޣkֱӺ飬һɺڶȻ֣kֱɡ
˺ۣһεѪ񷣬˫֮кâһɨɭһЦҾǻ˭Ҫȡܹ
֮Уŵۼǿ˼Ĭֱ뿪ԭء
һЦſһ
Բ֮Уһһֲޱȵ籩Դ˷۶ûڡ
һǧ֮ȪȻ֣塣
ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǿһǧ֮ȪжһĨĽͼ֮ɫ
ص뷨֮ڽ֯ÿһڲϵɱ䣬øӵǿ
ǰۼǿȻǴʥ۷һȴѾ˵
潫ǵֱ֮Ӻƣֻе߲ܹɵͷ򣬻˿ֲޱȵĺôܹ׵ɱۡ
һƬ֮У޾Ѫɫħ߱鲼񷣬һ貵һ
һѪɫħ߲ըѿȴӲĵסһ⡣
ʲôʥȻ˵֮ţ׳Ϊ˰ۣ
Ƭ֮Уһ´Ѫħߴʥ־
ȻˣʥСĽôܻᱻץ
޾֮У۴ʥƽ޲
۴ʥһӡ飬ӦʲôûзڸסѪħһסĶ飬ǡѪħԸ͸һǧ֮ȪһҪңһң
޾Ѫɫħһ»һͷѪħߴʥͷ档kһ԰ףž֮ɫధ
۴ʥǿధѪħߴʥһЦΪʥıÿ
Ѫħߴʥһʵʵÿ·
һƬǿ֮Уһͷǳĺҫһͷͬǳɱֲޱȵսһſǳ촷ۡ
̫龦Ԧһֲޱȣᴩһе֮ǹͷҫȥǺҲ㲻ϱ飬ȻѸٵϡ
ǿǹǿĶ໥ɱ˭Ҳ޷κ˭
ǺȻһ̾һ⣬ǿȥʥƵ֮ţۣնۡ˲һΣˡ
ߴʥҲһĨӵĹâһ̾Ҿ֪kܣնۣǿ£kɻûнأ
һƬǿ֮С
ɺ״ʥȻɫһףֹͣ˹վԭأ֮žֺ;֮ɫ
̫龦ʥһĨͬ飬һ̾һԭʧ֮ţװۣʥһһӡ˾İ۶УǳҵԤϡøǿˡɺ״ʥҶѾȰˡΪ֮ɣ
һƬǿ֮С
⺣ʥһҰ׿Ц֮ţװۣն̫ۡˣʥȻ״ʥܹܲʥǰΪԼ䣬ҹ⺣һΡ
״ʥ˹⺣ʥյĺһۣЦΪʥҵȰ
⺣ʥĬһᣬһ̾ҿҲᣡ
ʥƵ֮ţװۣնߴۣѾ޵У
һϢһʿħ֮ѸٴЩ֮нɱԮǿһǸϢʱɫ䣬һ


1278 նĽ
һŷǳ֮УضȻѣǳ֮УɳһֻӴޱȵĽӡ
ӡҫһֻӴޱȵĽӱԭʧ
Ծ֮һֻӴޱȵĽӱһŻţտޱȵǳΧռ䡣
һâһһʥڵĹǿſտޱȵǳ֮ϣһͽǿտޱȵǳֱӺ顣
ס֣
ǿſտޱȵǳ֮Уһ·ɳһͷ峤ߴһɢ׺Ϣľ޴ʯǡ
Ǿ޴ʯ󣬸ʮͷʯǣÿһͷʯǶɢʿϵĿֲϢһʥʿĿֲʯǡ
ʯǴʥˣôĵӣȻҽɱҵˣȱһŵǹҪǷĵҿŵǹ꣬½ƣҾ㲻
֮Уһ֮߳ɨǲʯǴʥһ
ʯǴʥżɵ֮ɫʥһǰɱˡ漰֮һѵҪkȫΪ𣿷ŹһΣҿԵѣһͬԿǿߣ
ȥ
Ŀ䣬һȭǲʯǴʥֱӺȥ
ӡҫһ̺ĿֲǳǲʯǴʥݺݺȥ
ʯǴʥһĨâӡҫצһ̺̽ſֲޱȵǿֲǳȥ
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ֲޱȵ˷ɢȥǲʯǴʥǿֲޱȵǳһɣһըѿ
һɺڶȻ֣ǲʯǴʥĲֱɡ

࣡
ȻɱҸƴˣ

Щʯһâֱ
һɺڶֱӸ֣һͷʥʯɡ
һӴޱȵĻе㽫дʯͳͳɡ
һͷһͷʯǱЩϵеսնɱΪkǽ
ʯǴʥˣ
ʯҲˣ
ʥҪɨһееĽ࣡

֮Уһߵʥӿһ˿˿⡣
Щһг˿־塢³ΪһĿꡣ
һѡѪħˣ
кâһ΢΢һǡɫ֮һ¸֣ӡҫһ˿˿˵Ϣǡɫ֮
һ޾Ѫɫ֣һƬѪ֮еһ³ǡɫ֮ڡ
濴һѪɫ磬΢΢һ¶һ˿˿ɭޱȵɱΪ綼ǽ磬ܹӱҵ׷ɱ̫ˣ
һۼǿһӡֻҪǽ硢ıԵһʿʵҲҵkǵټ
ӵСɫ֮Ǳ׷߾ͨ˰壬ǡɫ֮׷
ǣ
Ȼüͷ΢΢һ壬ķȥ΢΢һģʧ
һ޴ĶѨ֮ǰʮĽſǿ磬Ťգһж޷˸֪
Ǿ޴ĶѨ֮ڣʴޱȵıϳ棬ǹޱȵϡ
Ҫǿдıϣ߶첻ǱϳҲ޷໥ںϣ˱仯Щϳܹ֮ѷ֮бϣһ·
һҫ̤֮ǸѨķȥƬһصĳ֮Ť˿ǱߵһС
Ľ֮ӡҫһű仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴһǧ壬鲼Ĺһֱӱһ峤ߴһǧЫβɢϢĹһֱӱһߴǧͷٱ۵ľˡ
һĨ⣬һնһɫ̫ƾո֣ͬһſһ㣬ͷֱײȥ
ͷϵһâҫγγһŤޱȵĽ絲ǰ
һɫֱ̫ײŤĽ֮ϣŤĽֱӺɵñ顣һɫֱ̫ײǳϣǳĹֱײķѣֲޱȵɫһ½ǳĹֱɡ
һâǳĹ֮зɳɫ׵ȼһɫĻ档
һͷЫβ֡ͷٱ۵ľͬǿֲޱȵɫֱ̫ɣֲޱȵĻ潫kǷķգҽ
һһ±ӡҫ仯Ϊһ峤һǧɢŴʥĿֲ޹֡
ʮһγɵĿֲ޹֣ۼǿҲһս
ɣ
һսꪣӡҫһȿռ֮ƾն֣ǿռ֮һ·ɳ̫龦ʥߴʥ״ʥۼǿߡ
̫龦ʥߴʥӡҫһ±仯Ϊǳ񳲾޹ɱһ
״ʥֳɫսǹһֲޱȵ񣬴߶ɱطЩ񳲾޹ֺȥ
ǿһ֣㽫ʮһ񳲾޹ֱӵס
񳲾޹֮УÿһնһֲޱȵĹͽ񳲾޹ն顣
̻˴֣֮ռ񳲾޹ֵĲк
ǸƼĽᾧЩ񳲾޹ֶʹ˸ϡĵرƶɵıӵмΪļֵ
һ񳲾޹ֵĲкӹ֮󣬶ΪȾżرı
ʲô
ʲô

һ񳲾޹ֱ飬Աֵľ޴Ѩһ³˵ǰЩַͨ߷һеʥߡʥǿǶѨ֮ıϳʱһһ˿˿ëȻΣոо
ס֣
ǿֲޱȵĶѨ֮Уһصŭ֮
һӡƿǶѨһ߸֣һ˪֮ƿ֮зɳԽϣһ·
Ǳ˪֮֮еıϳ涼ֱӶΪ
һɲ֮䣬һ˪ֱ֮ӷɳ̫龦ʥ֮ϡ
ѩ̫֮龦ʥֱӱΪһֱ׹֮С
ߣ֮˪
֮˪ˣ
ÿµĹǿǿԽһľ룡
Ȼֻ߲пܶԿߣ

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻж΢΢һ
̫龦ʥڰۼǿ֮УҲϵĿֲڡǿ߶֮˪Խһ⣬ֱš
üͷ΢΢һ壬һֱ֣ӷɵǱ֮ϡ
ӡҫЩǶǱ˪֮
Щ׼ʲôɣ˺ı˪֮ȴһΪ飬֮׹䡣
һͷױΪ֮һʥȴӲ˱֮Ӵޱȵı˪֮ȫա
꣡
һ֮У̫龦ʥһǿֲޱȵı飬ӱ˪֮зɳһֲޱȵĺ֮УϢ˥ޱȡ


1279 ֮
ʥлȣ
̫龦ʥһ·ɵߣɫ԰ףһſһֱ֮γһ顣
ȣ̫龦ʥֻ»ᱻǿֲޱȵı˪ֱ֮ӱꡣ
ѾԪȥɣ
һսꪣһռֱ֮Ӹ֡
лʥ
̫龦ʥ˿ûпף΢΢һΣֱӷһȿռ֮ڣԭʧ
һ˪̺֮ŲȻ󣬿ܼȴߡ̫龦ʥҪһ˿֮ȫҪķѴԴ;
ʥ֮ܲ˪ҸһλᣬͶҡֻҪ㳼ңҿ԰ΪߣΪʥһԱҲԳΪ֮һҾ档
ͨһߣһϵ
䵭ǸҶԼǹûκȤ
һߣ֮˪пȻˣ͸һɣ
һųɫսףֳһɫǹòףüǶһöɫξĺߺ֮һ³ѷ֮ڣһ
ߣһҪԽ棡
ô죿ĵ߶ڳ˯һΣѩ֮𣿡
ܣѩ֮ʱⳤ֮ѣɱ˲֮ܵʱշɡٴѵĻֻ·һ
ѩ֮ѣһΣ˭ܹǣ

Щʥߡʥһһɢŵѹĺ֮жһΪʲôǹԱһ񳲡
ǹԱ񳲲Ϊۼǿ߹ĿľΪ˽һʿʵۼĺ֮ʿ硣
һǺ֮磬ʿ֮гЩ߸գkƴһսûǵkĶ֡
ߴԶʱʹЩԽõĵԽ޷֡ͬĸĿֲڣһԼĲ֮߳ͻܵʱʴֱ䡣
ʯѩҲΪһתܹ֮ǿסʱķ֮ˣkҲƶʱ䳤֮г˯ѡ
÷ֵ磬һ㣬kֱӽ٣Ǿ޼ƿʩˡ
濴һɢ޵Ϣĺ֮һĨ֮ɫ

ߴʥһ·ɵǾ޴ĶѨ֮ǰʩչطһǳֱӷɳǳ֮⣬ǹγһǹӡ磬ĽǾ޴ĶѨס
ƣ
ǶѨ֮ڣǺ֮âһü֮Ǻ⾧һųޱȵ⣬һɫĹһǹӡ֮ϡ
¡
һĹ֮£һǳɵǹӡһı顣
һֲޱȵĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬һߴʥϣըѿߴʥ֮Ϻһ޴ޱȵѪ
Ƭһ˿˿ǹѪߴʥϵ񷣬ֱߴʮ˿֮кҫ޷ϡ
ǶѨ֮ڣ֮һ֮󣬿һ¶һѺۣƬѪӵk֮ӿء
淴ɣãkϾߣ
ߣԽ湥ҲͬҪ޴ĴۡȻߵͱkɱˡ

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻ΢һһĨ֮ɫ
ɨߴʥһ۵ߴʥ£
лϣ
ߴʥ΢һֱȥǹ⿪ʼˡkҲ潫kƷĺ֮
֮һ˿˿ҫӰ֮߳һ۴ʥ
۴ʥܵʥһλǴʥ
Ǵʥ΢΢һʥ
΢΢һЦã
۴ʥѾѣһзʥᡣҶǰΪһ֮ʲô£뾡ܷԸ
ã
۴ʥղ߷һУҶˡҲһַӡطԷӡͨĺ֮һߣҪ֮ͨзҲḶ޴Ĵۡ
ĿǰҪ
΢΢ҡͷһ֣һʥķӡһ¸֡
һʥķӡ֮Уһӡ֮⣬һӡ֮Ǿ޴ĶѨ֮ϡ
ǱԱǿըѳĿֲѨһĿʼϡ
ƣ
֮ͨУ֮һŭüĺһųһޱȵĺɫ⣬һǶѨķӡ֮ϡ
¡
һʥӡ΢΢һÿһܻһѺۡ
֮ͨڣ֮ҼȴʮֹըѿƬѪͨ
һӡ׵ֵס֮ƴһһӡƽ̯ǹɿֲƻ֮Ҳ޿κΡ
ʥĻеܾţ̫ˣ
һʥĻеܣǿǿʥʿĿֲڣ
ʥֱ˼ȻʥеܶĿѾԽ˿֮

һʥߡʥǿһʥķӡףж΢΢һҡǼɵ
֮ͨУǺ֮üĵĺ⾧âҫһޱȵĺֱǶѨڡ
һӡ׻岻ϲһѺ۲ϸ֮֡ͨеĺ֮Ҳ˺ۣԪˡ
üʱ֣һοǺ֮Ǳסˣ
Һʥʱ֣ȻһǾͲˣ

Щַͨ߷һеʥߡʥǼһĻ΢һ
ĵطһӡ׸Ǻ֮Ķ֣Ҳֻ֮£kǲпܿĺ֮
뵲סң̫ˣ
֮ͨУ֮ɭһЦһ֣һޱȣɢһ˿˿ϢİֱӷɳͬһһݺݵײһӡγɵĽ֮ϡ
ˣ
һǰӣо״ʢһȣһ¸ֳһ磬źȥ
۴ʥȼǿҲԥĸߣһ´ԭʧ
¡
һײǽ֮ϵһ˲䣬һըѿ·һ̮һ㡣ֲޱȵıըһ籩˷ɢȥ
һټʥķӡǿֲıը֮Уֱӱ촷ۣʧǺоƬҲûа취档
ǿֲıըŤһУǾ޴ĶѨըñԭȸ󼸷֡
֮ͨڣ֮һըѿƬѪ񷡣ȻԵkʿʵۼ֮ĿֲָҲȻϡ
һ˿˿ҫһ³Ƭ֮С
۴ʥ״ʥǳʥ϶ʮ˿ڣһεѪ񷡣Ψšסˡ


1280 ս֮
۴ʥ֮ͨеĺ֮һĨ֮ɫ֮úݣ
ǰɫһƵ֮֮ΪͨͨȻһܲƵֱ֮ԱkҲܵ˼ΪֲķɣԴܵش
ʿʵۼǿ߼ˣͨԵk֮Ҳ׵ϡ֮ͨܵıԴ֮ˣʿʵ۵ҲȬ
ʱ֮޵УѹһΪԴ̫֮أ䣬Ϊĵ֮һ
֮ͨУԡѪĺ֮һ߿һۣһЦǰС
ֻһ̣Ǻ֮Ц΢΢һ
֮Уһ˿˿ռ֣ķӡסռֱӸ֡
Щӡ໥һӡ֮ⴹ䣬ǸѨ֮ڡ
һӡ֮֮£һѨһĿʼӡ
ƣ
֮üĺɫξâһһɫĹâһǷӡ֮ϡ
¡
Ƿӡ类һ飬һǧܷӡֱըѣɻҡ
Ƭǿ֮УȻʮܷӡסǵkǵķӡ֮ͻĳԶԶȲǱݻٵһټʥӡס
ʮܷӡ׵һۿȥ޾ݻһǧҲ˿٣ӡ֮ûǶѨ֮ڣһĽǶѨڷӡ
֮ͨУ֮âһüĵľ֮ǽڡ
¡¡¡
޴ıըڶÿһζһǧܷӡ׻ըѣɻҡ
Ǻ֮ÿһιϾͻըѳһ˿ڣѪ죬ޱȡ
ײУ
֮սҲƴûκνҡ
棬ֻһܹ

Щʥߡʥǿ֮ģӿһ˿˿⡣
һʿʵۼǿʿ֮УǾǿԺһʱڹ֮УҲǲӵس֮ľͷˣ֮УkҲƴΪԼΪԼɱһѪ·
ս֮УһЩʥҲԱӻԼ乶Ӳдһ˥Ҳע顣Ǳ߶ϣ乶ӲдҲһ
Ƿӡ׼޾Ǻ֮ô޷kȫݻ١
վ֮Уʮܷӡײϱݻ٣һĮȻ
ֻҪܹ֮һնɱеķӡױݻٶһԽܵĽ
֮ͨУ֮һ̾Ѳ٣Ȼûô򵥾ܹͻơ
һιΪ˽֮ʿ仯ʱֱԱһ񳲡ֽۼǿоıϳ档˼ΪʹĴֻۣһṳ֮́ʿ硣
ǡɫ֮ʾҲԲµ澹Ȼʱٴһǿн١
ھԵʵǰЩϵĵֿ۵
֮кâһӡڣڵѪȼգͬһ޵ħһѷ֮пʼ̡
¡¡
һ޴֮ͨд֮Ǽٳ֮Уըѿ
֮Ӷеսǹϴ̣ޱߵΰ·һбֱӹᴩ
ֻʿ߸յʱ֮ıϲܹͨС
ĵҪǿдϣͱ븶޴Ĵۡ
֮Ǹ˾޴Ĵۣ˵˱ԴŽʿ硣Ǹϳ濪ٵıͨͲȶ֮ӲļۣǴ淨ķɣkֱش
һǶѨڣǷӡǸողõķӡֱӺ顣
ǷӡǱǿֲޱȵķֲ֮ϵըѿ
ÿ£
kѾˣ
˭ܹסһ𷢷ĵߣ

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻжӿһ˿˿ëȻĸо
ǴʥһĨȻ΢΢һЦ䣬ɲֹѪжʥԸ֣ӡֻͨҪƴҵԿٷӡͨꡣ
浭ãҵָʾ
ǣ
򶨣ǴʥһĨâ΢΢һЦٶԡ
۴ʥһĻ΢΢ͷĬĬδ֮Ȼ֮磡
ڵˣСǣ׼𣿡
վϵǰ֮˺ۣҲֱӱѪϴ֮ȴȻĶʥ¶һЦݡ

¶һ΢Цһ֡
֮һҫһǧʥ鼶ǼսֱӴ֮и֡
â΢΢һһʥڵĹͬһǺֱ֮Ӻȥ
֮һĻɫ䡣磬kӵһطԱܹʥڵĹɵkѷ֮У޿ɱܡ
֮ĬģȼѪü֮еĺ⾧һ·ɳųޱȵĹâγһԲεĺ֮ܡ
һʥڵĹһԲεĺ֮Ϸ׷ױŤ֮ͨС
֮ͨըѿÿһشһʥһǳ
ǹʧ֮һȱĺ֮һ³˵ǰ
ÿ£ÿֲķ
κһۼǿ߶ܵסʥӵĺֲ̫֮ˣ
ǵߣ

һʥߡʥǼһĻһ
κһۼǿ߾ǵ֮µһ˵ħҲܶסǧʥڵĺ
ʥֻ㱾£
һ֮һ·֮УkһĨ֮ɫݺһǹǰһ̣һ´һ㱡Ĥ֮ϣǱĤֱӹᴩ
Ǻսǹһ´̴ϣһ˿˿ֲޱȵĵƬص
һɫâҫһƬֱӱǺսǹơ
һɺޱߣ޵еĵѹӺ֮֮ĸķ
˲𣡣֮
΢΢һЦһ֡
һ˿˿ǰƷ߼սһ·ɳһųʮġڡֱ
ڡзǿֲڡһʿʵۼǿ߱ǡڡУҲп䡣
ӡҫһɲ֮䣬һԻĿֱֲӺǺ֮ȥ
֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ǻ֮ٴθ֣ڵkǰ
һֲ׵ĻһǺ֮ϣǺֱ֮Ӻ飬˳ƽǺ֮ȫɡ
ÿ£
ʲô
ʲôȻ˿ֲ
˵֮⣬˭ֵܹһ

һʥߡʥǼһĻŲ֮ɫһɺӵkǵ֮
ǡڡһܹشһʿʵۼǿߣǵѣûܹסǿֲһڡ


1281 ֮ܺ
𣿡
֮𣿡
֮ûУ

һĿⶼѷķȥڴ
֮һ֣ʮԲεһ¸֮У໥ĳȡƬ
һƷ߼ԼʮؾЩսļҵס
һֻޱȵĹצѷ֮һ˺ӲĽֱ˺ѡ
һ߽ڵĺǴǾ޴ĶѨ֮Ӳļӡҫǽڵĺ֮һӿƬѪ⣬γ˺֮塣
ĺ֮Ϲһֻ۾ã˿ڣޱȡǱԴ֮ڱԴû޸֮ǰ޷ϡ
ˣ
֮kˣ


ЩԶΧŵʥߡʥǼһĻһں
һ߾˵ĵߣҲһͷ˵ͻҪɱk֪Ҫٴۡ
֮Ƭȡһ𣿿׼֣ܳΪһЩҪƴֵʥ֪ߵʱܶ˶֣ƻĽʽΪ˵kǣҪսֵ𣿡
Ȼˣ㴩Խϣܵ˴ĴԲˡʱ䣡ϧҲָʱ䡣֮עҪ
кâһסâҫֳ֡ꪡһɲ֮䣬ں֮ǰһնֺΪһ壬һɫĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬ź֮նȥ
޴ļһˣҲܹĴڣȻڤ粻飬Ǿȥɣ
֮âһӶɫսǹһ̣һ´ڡꪡꪼ⡣
޾ĺһ±ɫȫ
ǿֲޱȵĺ֮£һ±ɳ֮ңһѿһ˿ڣƬѪ񷡣
ǿȻʥһаڵkС
ǵߣ
ˣkҲȻһߣ޵䣡

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻһ
ߴΧ棬һһɱɣ档ľǿ߶֮һش˼ʶһߵĿֲս
֮һش棬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ϵ˿֮УѪ˼֡
׹ҫ״ʥֳսì̤նУź֮ȥ
۴ʥüĵ۹âҫһһؾĿֱӴ̳
ǴʥֳһǳȨȣһſǳӰ֣һſǳͬһź֮ȥ
֮кâһָһţһֱ֮Ӹ֣ڵkǰ
սìĿ⡢ǳӰһ֮һ˿˿
ס֣һº֮
һâ΢΢һֱӴӺſһԻе֮ĿǺ֮ȥ
۴ʥǿ߼һĻֱӷɵ˺󷽡
Ȥʥ㾹ȻҪսңǲ֪
֮ŭЦȻֳսǹֱӴȥ
һǹ̳Ť̮Աضеȥ
кâһһꪴ̳ʱⳤӡռŻǳɺڶȻǺ֮ȥ
һɫսǹ֮йâҫʱⳤӱռŻǳ顢ɺڶҲֱӹᴩһַ˼ĽǶֱӴ硣
һɰԵ׵Ǻɫսǹ֮бͼ˺顣
һصӡֱǡס֮и֣ʮֹһ³֮⣬һ󶴣ƬѪ䳤ա
һϸСɺڶֱӸ֣ķ֮ϵ޸ơ
ǵߣˡԴܴҲǿ̬
кâһס֮ӡҫһģģӰֱӴӡס֮и֣Ϊһ塣
ǡסĦʯ֮ڣԴԴӿ޾һûڣϢһ±ÿֲޱȣ޽ӽߡ
һɫĲӰ΢΢һ֮Խգǰеսǹͬһȥ
һУһսֱӸ֣һնӢ鸡֣նǺսǹ֮ϡ
¡
һ̮ŤǺ֮ǱӲɳƬѪӵkе˿֮񷡣
ֻ΢΢һΣ廷һʱ֮Уͬ˲һں֮ǰźֱ֮նȥ
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֮Уֲޱȵıըڶޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
֮ɱǿյ̮ŤĿնһſǳֱըѣ촷ۡ
ǿʥȻѾǿز
ǿһߣȻһսƽ֡
֮һߣˣҲһ޵Ȼһսƽ֡kôǿ󣿡
ǿһߣʥֻһۣѾһսƽ֡ôܣô

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻжŲ֮ɫǰ֮ĲǵԽ
ǳ֮ڴʥ֮ǿѹƣʮǱǵkһ׵ߣͷֽѹ
۴ʥ̫̾ˡʥδ֮ھʿʵۣһǶ֮λȻҲͬʱ֮һ޵а
Ǵʥ΢΢һЦʱ֮λҲһ
۴ʥһĨâ֮λ
ʿ֮ʿƴܶռĿꡣûһǿܹ̤
˴ʿʵ۸Ǿ콾ӵг֮λǱϧ淨Ѿ仯ߵ
ʱҲΨһܹߵʱǳߵ߶ѣΪΨһһɱݡ
ʥˣԲҵĶ֣
֮У֮ԡѪڽڰˣĿ䣬
ûܴԴˣҲĶ֣עҪ⣡ҵС
ֳ֡ꪡͬһ޵еս񣬷Ǻ֮ȥ
ҰˣҪɱңȴܣ
֮һЦӡҫһɫĹâԳԽٵĿֲٶԶֱӷȥ
Ϊһߺ֮ȻͨطһĶ֣͹ϵѡߡ
ֻҪ֮һʱ䣬kָܹԼƣѹ±Դ֮ˣ޵ʿ硣
ռ׵Ӱ֣ӡ֮Уһ͸Ŀռһ³Ƭ֮С
Ƭ֮˲ãռͽƬӡ
ƣ
֮һ𣬻ӶսǹһһƬӡ֮ϡ
¡
ǳһռֲõķӡֱӱ飬һܿռֱӱǿֲķ֮촷ۡ


1282 ɺ֮
һ³ں֮ı󣬻Ӷꪡһնں֮ϡ
ξһ¸֣γһϡ
һնЩξ壬ں֮նһ˿ڣƬѪӿ񷡣
֮ʩչطӡһ¸֣һĲǰȥ
֮ԽıϽܵ˶شֳǡڡһѾˣܼսȥ
һӡҫһټʥռһ³֣ſһǿޱȵĿռ絲ں֮ǰ
ҿ
֮âһһŭ𣬻Ӷеĺսǹһǹǿռ֮ϡ
޾ĺһ±ֲޱȵĵͼᴩһռ硣
һ˿˿ǿռ֮ϸ֡
һټʥռ׵Ļ֮Ҳֳһ˿˿Ѻۡ
ǿռ缴һ˲䣬һʱ֣һ˲Ƴں֮ǰһնһɫâݺնں֮֮ϣֱ֮նϡ
һ͸˿ߴ֮и֣һ´һټʥռ֮ϡ
ǰƷ߼֮УӡҫԴԴϵһûһټʥռ׵Ļ֮ڡ
һټʥռ׻ϵѺһ»ָұøǿ
ǱĿռ磬ٴ۳͡
һܿռ׹âҫںֲһؿռ磬֮·ȫա
ҽעҪˡǲġҲ̫֮أôҵĶ֣
֮һնɣһĨʣ𶯲񷣬Ѫ˿֮е䡣
û֮ȫʢ֮ʱҶһҲĶ֣
̹ȻϣȴӰź֮ȥһ̲ͣ
Ӣı֣һɫâʱⳤ֮ڸ֣ź֮նȥ
֮ս뵽ۣƿҲԶԶ֮ϡǵkÿסһ֮еĸ˿ڱѪϢϵ½
Ϊһߣ֮ȫԳȡԲ޸ɱƬ֮еĻеҪȡһա滹Ǻֻܹ֮Լɱ
Ҳգն㣡ΪȥһУ
֮ٴαһ֮һѪ˫һ±貵ĹâҫѪȼգһ˿˿ֲޱȵһ±һǹ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӴȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫһնʱռŻǳɺڶذ屬ֱ֮ѹȥ
¡
޾ĺضʱգռ䣬ݻһУеĹͳͳֱӷ飬һ˲Ҽ磬ҼֱӺ顣
һֲޱȵĹһһټʥռγɵĽ֮ϣǸռֱӱһ󶴣ܿռԼ顣
ǿǵ֮
ĵ֮޵У
֮޵С֮ȼԴ
ǵߣùϣ

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻжɵ˷ܡָֻӵĸ顣
֮һ±ȫʢսȻǶطȼ˲дԴkעڶʱ֮ڿԻֲָȻͻ᱾Դľֱ䡣
֮һش棬һŤԣƬѪӵkĿ˿Ҳ˴ƬѪ
һ±˳֮ңһ֡
֮һҫһֱӸ֣һƬ˺ʥߵĸǺ֮ȥ
֮ѾȼԴע޷áȻɵkʱƴ
ҪҵԴô򵥣
֮߿Ѫ¶һɭȻЦݣӡҫüĵһö⾧һ·ɳ
صӡҫһɫĳǹһ¸֡
֮һһƬѪɫûһɫĳǹ֮ڡ
һɫĳǹһ»һâԳԽٵĿֲٶȥ
һɲ֮䣬ǰͳͳ顣
ʮܽһ¸֣໥ſһ͸Ľ硣
һɫĳǹһ͸Ľ֮ϣ̶ͬһ㣬׵Ľǽᴩֱȥ
һټʥһ³֣໥ſһ޶һĽ硣
ǳɫĳǹǾ޶һĽ֮ϣޱȵĺҫǾ޶һĽֱһ˲
ʮʥ׻һ±顣
ǳɫĳǹȥƲֱȥһ´壬ըѿ
ϧһ
ڱһ˲䣬¶һЦݣȻ顣
ǰƷ߼ս֮Уһ¸ֳһâ汾һâ֮иָ֣һţһֲɺڶֱӸ֣Ǳըķһ
һɺڶǻûɢĳɫǹ
ϧһһͶ㶯ܹ֡ͬھϧһ
ǳɫĳǹ֮УһԻ֮ӰһĨɬһ̾
֮ѷ֮гʱ˼ΪֲıԴ֮ˡkʱϵƸء
֮ȼԴʱ򣬾Ѿ޷ټƴһҲֻܹݻһ
Ǻ֮ӰһţֱӱӴޱȵԴһӿڣ궼ڲϵɱ
ÿһ߱һ޴ޱȵı⣬֮һ崦ڻƽĵߡȻ⵽˼شȼԴӵkȻӵӴޱȵĵ߱Դϵꡣ
ˣʥȻնɱ˺֮
ǿ£һߣȻС
֮ǿһȫʢĵߡȻʥС̫ˣ
ǿһߣʥȻkɱˣֱ˲š
ʥֻѾǵ֮µһˣ

ЩΧƬǿǿǺֱ֮ɣжӿһ˿˿⡣
֮ȻڴԽ֮ܵ˱Դ֮ˣȴҲԲǰۼǿܹĴڡҲֻܹkܣkֱնɱõk߶첻
״ʥһĨӵĹâһ̾ʥ
۴ʥһĨοδ̫֮ǿˣȻʱ֮Ҳûеkǿ󡣡
Ǵʥ棬һĨ֮ɫߣǵkĻ˵ϣܹ֮λ˵ܹһߡ
ʿħ
ߺ֮Խ棬ʥնɱ
һϢһ³ħ֮Уʱħ
ߣһ߱ʥնɱˡôܣ
ǿһߣʥȻܹնɱһߣѵkѾ׳Ϊʿʵˣ

ħ̳۷׷ףʿжŲ֮ɫ


1283 ʿ
ܣǾҥԣǿһߣôܱʥնɱʥѾ׵ʧˣ
ûʥ֮ʧܣѾ֪ʵôնɱһߣҥԡ
֮Ĳǵ۱ϾֻǴʥ۷壬ӵһεĴڣϾǴʥϻʥߡôһߵĶ֣Ǿҥԣ

ħ̳֮Уĵ˷׷׷ԣһϢ
Ҳһ±ðŰ
Ǵʥʵϱ϶ʥߡǵ֮ȷʵӵһΪֲĺ蹵Ǻ֮ϾһߣܵkѾ˲ھȻУ췽ҹ̷
¡¡
ڲ֮λ桢ʮλԼʿϵλ棬ȻƷڣһɫ˿ֱ䡣
գǵжԵ󣡣
ǽգֻд˵֮УЩܵ־ĵ֮ʱŻֵ󡣡
ʿʵۿ֮ʱ򣬺ֹյ󡣡
֮ˡĵ߾־Ķ󡣡

Щصǿ߿޾Ľɫ˿һĨء
ԭģ
գЩ궼Ըı˵ʡ÷ɱ䣬ʱøǿ
գһƽʱЩ֮£Եǿߺš

ħ֮˶նɱһߣŻֽյ
ʥ㲻࣡
ʥ㣡

֮λ涫ķˡʿǶӼ߳ԡǽ֮У󻶳Ľ
ǽ֮УʾһµȵķҲֱӱı䣬µȡļʵʿֱӱ弶ʵš
֮λ涼Ϊ֮ڣ衣
ֶһ·
֮Уֶһͨߵĵ·

ЩʥߡʥǶܹĸоֶ֮һͨߵĵ·
κһĵ䣬֮ǰkĵ·û֣ͻ֮жһͨߵĵ·
ʥȻնɱһߣǲ˼飡̫ǿˣ
ǿһߣ൱İ˴ʿʵۣ޵аȻҲʥնɱǲ˼飡
˲ܹ֮ΪӢۡ˵ʥǺͬһʱ

֮λɱʮ˵ŮʿΧһ𣬿ħ۷׷ס
ƣ˵ʥһͬ𣿡
һĸһͷʽ췢ԸˣʲŮʿһһβɢһ޸߹ʵľɫʵ
һ˲䣬Ƿ֮ڣеĿⶼƵϡ
֮һĨһ̾ûʥһͬ
ڵħʱΪԶԶȲƣѾնɱߡȴֻǿ׳Ϊһҫʿ
渴֮ǰʱһҫʿڲ֮λ涼Ѿ˲Ĵ֮УҫʿĴڣҲֻһӢʿˮƽ»µʿ䵱սڻҵʸûС
һƵĻڳŮ۾
Ը޵ĻѪȻһЦƣܹܲʥܸǽʶһ£ɺսħѡ֮ѹϵܲСǣ˵Բԣ
ԣҶ÷˵̫ˣ
Լˣ
ƣͰǽðɣ

ɵŮһ
ƳĬһŻҾΪɣ
һصؾ֮ڣ׷ſħ֮еϢһĨ֮ɫһ̾Ȼ߶նɱˣ
ǿ׷˶֮ڡ֮ʱ滹ֻһ۵Ķʿھһǿޱȵĵ߶Уо޳
һؾ֮ڡ
˻˺ۣ˫ȴþˣħ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ȼһ߶նɱˣ棬ٶ˾վһ׷㡣
һѪɫؾ֮ڡ
Ѫħߴʥħɫ԰ףһ˿˿ɫ䣡֮ˣôǿһߣǿһߣôɱʥ䣡
һȫɺҫʯɵǳ֮С
һīͬͨӵĺҫʥħ֮뿪һˮ׿Ц֮䣡ʥ̫ˣˣ֡ҾֻܹʥͶˡ
ˮ֮ڣֱӷɳһԲûǺҫʥС
ԭˣ
ҫʥסһԲ֮Ŀ΢΢һһʧ
һдеǳ֮С
ɺףÿһɺ׶ɢų֮ͬ˼ɾ
ǿǳ룬޽һĹ
ǹȺ֮Уƶһ֮ǡ
վķɺ״ʥһ֮̾Ÿ֮ɫ䣡ʥȻ֮ɱˡȻǿÿ£˾
һʮֽοɰĺŮʥǿǶˣֻҪǶ㵽Ե֮أһ꣬ʥˡ͵͵Ļ
ɺ״ʥһ̾ô򵥣ʥִơɫ֮ûеֻ֣ܹ߳ѰҾͨ˰ǿָ߳ˣ߽˵۱ŪС
ĺŮһĨͿ־壺Ǹô죿
ɺ״ʥЦõģѾнİ취ˡ
һƬ޾âǳ֮С
⺣ʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾ʥȻ߶ˣѾǵڶеĵˡǣ˾
սħ֦մ½
һѪɫĹâֱӺճһ˿˿ֲޱȵİۼѹǹ֮Ѫħߴʥǹâ֮л߳
Ѫħߴʥ
kǸ۴ʥѪħߴʥkҪʥս𣿡
ˣۼǿ߽֣Ƕ֮أ

Ǹ֮еĸǿһһѪħߴʥʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ۼǿ֮ս춯أֲޱȣǳ𡣾溣ǿ߱ನУữ촷ۡǸ֮еĸǿߴ󲿷ֶ溣µĴڣһǰۼǿֲֻ߽·һ
Ѫħߴʥ𣿡
һ˿˿ҫѩŴһʹսס֮и֣ĶѪħߴʥ
ѩŴˣ֮ǰϣ˹Ķ۴ʥȫҵĲԡǰΪʥ˵ǸʥˣһԸΪʥţȡ˵Ŀˡ
Ѫħߴʥֱͨһ£˫ϥһѩŵǰİ


1284 ԭ֮ʯ
Ѫħߴʥҵ۾ûлɣ
ȷʵѪħߴʥ˲š
ǿһۼǿߣ
kҪˣkһۣ

Ǹ֮УǸǿ߼һĻĿɿڴԼ۾
ѪħߴʥһۼǿߣȻڹѩŵǰǽԼ涪˵£ƾ̤
ѩſǹǰѪħߴʥҲЩͬʱҲЩ˷ܡ
ɣ
Ƭ֮𣬴սħڸմ½֮һӿһɫͨѪħߴʥǰ
ѪħߴʥϾһۼǿߣkȻѾԼ涪£ȻҲҪkء
лʥˣ
Ѫħߴʥ˵һ䣬̤ǽɫͨ
һһǽɫͨʧ
Ȼð۹أʥѾİ˴ʿʵۣ
ʥʱѾ޵УЩ߳˭ܹסĽŲ
һ߶ʥУһʲô

Ǹ֮УԲͬǿǶһ˷ܡ۷׷סЩԲͬǿ˵һʥ߾ѾǴ֮еĴҪkĴڡĿһ߸ϵİ¹򣬶ڵk˵ֱǿҫһĴ¡
սħ֦մ½һ
һƽɫĹâһ¸֣Ѫħߴʥһ³ڴ롣
Ǵ֮һ棬һֲϢ̶֮·һͷ޾̾ԼĳѨ֮иķ
ÿ£ʥɲ⣡ܹնɱߵĿֲ
ѪħߴʥһۣоĿֲϢʱ΢΢һ
˼ʥˣ
Ѫħߴʥһֱͨһ¹˵ͷ
ɨѪħߴʥһһЦѪħߴʥ㵹֪һĿ㡣ſ꣡
ѪħߴʥһͻֱȥkֱӸɵɵkԴ䵱Լ
ǣϣ
Ѫħߴʥʮֹ˳һһ˿˿겨һ޾Ѫֵľ޴ѪֱӸ֣ɢޱȵϢ
ָһţһеУֱӴһ޴ޱȵѪ֮ڣ޴Ѫֱӿơ
ҫʥʥ
һɫĹâ֮и֣Ǻҫʥֱӳսħ֦մ½Χռ䡣
ҫʥ˭
㶼֪k֮·еһۼǿߣkҲмصһۼǿߡ
ʥȻô
Ȼ֮ĵ߶ʥСЩʲôϡ棿

Ǹ֮иǿǿ֮еĺҫʥСš
һɫĹâֱһҫʥֱӾ
ǹ֮ڣһâ΢΢һҫʥ˴롣
Ѫħߴʥ
ҫʥһ۾ͿǹվͬһһѪħߴʥвһ˿â
ѪħߴʥҲһ޷ħۼĴھȻͬһһ㹧վߣȻѾͶ棬Ϊµһ߹
ҫʥֱһ񹧹ʥˣ
ҫʥǴս𣿡
ҫʥңʥ֮ǰһжҵĴҹðˡԸ⳥ǧ֮Ȫ
һʥʿһķһǧҲܹƳһ֮Ȫǧ֮ȪںҫʥҲһĿkĴȫó
ɭޱȵĹâǧ֮ȪҫʥȻҵĹôҽ첻ɱ㣬㻹ǻȥɣ
Ѫħߴʥ亹ֱңȻˣͶÿ죡
ߴʱҲֻһ֮ңֻʥϴڵԴܹһ˿ۼǿ߶ھͨɰ˵Ǵ֮ÿһܹĸûһ֡
ѪħߴʥǲµԲưոݣŹЩˣͶԼڵϣ̤
ҫʥʥˣ̷ΪҫʯۡϣһᣬΣڼӦԸǿߡǽˣ¼ҲûǵĶ֡
ɭһЦԭıǺʯۣɱ֮Ȼʯָ
Ѫħߴʥ΢΢һʥȻһ߶СҲԣеĵѾߴˣȻηʯۡ
κһ߶λ涥ֲޱȵĴһܹһ溣ǿɱ
ҲֻŸӺʯۣǿɱʯµİ
Ȼˣ
ҫʥЦһ£ӻֱһԲ򣬹ĵݸ棺˵ʥѰҴصؽѰ׸ˡˡ֮ǰð֮
һЦĿԲ֮һɨʱ΢΢һſϲ֮ɫ
һԲ涯һȻûѰҵ䡾ԭ֮ʯ
һץǡԭ֮ʯץУ˫֮ӡҫһӴޱȵ֮ǡԭ֮ʯ֮Ͻһšԭ֮ʯɷ֡
ȷʵǡԭ֮ʯ
һĨϲ֮ɫ⡾ԭ֮ʯĿǰ߼սȱٵһϡһ룬߼սؾܹɹ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ãҺϲȻˣȥ飬һʹ
ҫʥлʥϣܹʥˣһͬԿ٣
һӦˣãͬˣ
֮иƣǿꡣӵߣʮʥ塣ȻߣʮʥѾʮʥ壬Ȼޱȡ
߶ǻһϵϹ㲻֪࣬ŶٵơǿЩʿĵߺȻҲ
һâ΢΢һһ绪ǣʳľɫ˱սħ֦մ½֮⡣
ɫӣ΢һΪƬ𵴣ɺ״ʥʥ
Ƿɺ״ʥ
һۣ
ǵˣ

Ǹ֮ڵĸǿ۷׷ס
ۼǿÿһǴ֮еĴײβǸ֮еĸǿһ¿ۼǿߣ˵ҲһΪľ
һƽɫĹâֱӸ֣Ƿɺ״ʥһֱӾ˽ȥ
ǹ֮΢΢һģɺ״ʥͳǹ롣
kǹȻҲˣ
ɺ״ʥĿһɨ㿴һԾվŵĺҫʥԼվߣͬһ˳һѪħߴʥ


1285 Ѫʥ
ɺ״ʥֱһ񲻱ɺ״ʥʥС֮ԣðʥе֮ʥˡ
һĮֻ˵ЩǾͻȥʵʵĵɣ
ɺ״ʥס̫龦ʥΪЩ֮еǿ֣߳ɵ档kһ˿ϣߡĴһĵǸܹҹ顣
ҫʥһĻ΢΢Цǵkóˡԭ֮ʯ棬ֻҲ³
ɺ״ʥ֮ӿһ˿˿ỨİǧҵĴʥˣԸ⽫ǧ֮ȪԼеıͳͳ׸һŹһ塣
Ŀ亮ȥ
ɺ״ʥһ±ò԰ޱȣû뵽澹Ȼ˾ǧ֮Ȫ͵kصıֵþˣ߶ᶯġȴ˿ΪһҪkһ壬õkᵽĿֲ
ʥˣԸΪūΪ澣̷ˡĹһ
ɺ״ʥǹվߵĺҫʥһҧֱӹ˵ϣģİ
Ϊһۼǿ߷ɺ״ʥҲԼĽѾնɱһʥߵͷ­ڣkʮĿֲ
ǷɺǷɺ״ʥĸ壬Ϊ˵kװ۲֪˶ԴΪ˵kװ۶䡣ȻkôΪ壬Ҳֻܹ¸߹ͷ­
ѪħߴʥΪİΣɺ״ʥΪ岻
꣡
һ˿˿겨ڷɺ״ʥ֮һֻʥϢޱȵɺһ¸֣һƬ֮
ҫʥһĨâ壡ɺ״ʥصúû˵ʡ
Ѫħߴʥһŵһ˿˿㣬һḬ֮̃ɫòײŽһ˿̰֮ɫѹסҲ΢΢һ壬kʥĺ֮ռҪĵλ򲻿ɵk
һʡһڵǻ֮ҲδܹĵһӵʵŮ˾֮е
ɢɺ״ʥȾһĨΣ߳ܡkһǿʹطӡס첻ò¶˵ǰõkо߳ޱȡ
âһָһţһеֱӴɺ״ʥ֮ڣڵk֮дһӡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һ״ʥ֮ڡ
״ʥɨһߺķɺ״ʥͬһվߵѪħߴʥԼվڴһԵĺҫʥ׷ʲô
״ʥʥ⺣ʥתkѾ֪ˣԸ֮ȪȥһʹӴ֮󣬹⺣һˣַ
һĨ֮ɫһЦֱȥ飬һʹô򵥵飿ȻkҾͳȫk
ҫ֮һƬâֵ
ǹҫ֮У˴ǹҫ֮Ĺ⺣ǿ֮⣬ǿ߾溣ǿһҲҪʱʱ̿ſ磬ֵǸֹʴһѣ溣ǿҲΣա
ҫ֮һȵʮǳ
ǳ룬һĹǹ֮ڣˡ
һͨɰɵľ˺Ȼ¶һ˿ЦݣѪħߴʥȻսħģǶǰǿߵ档
һɵľ˾ǰǴʥҲһۼǿߡ
һݿ£ͷϳҶϲѪʥѪħߴʥһ׸ƵСˡʥȻնɱ˺֮kȻסѹ
⺣ʥһĨʶݺݵʥû뵽kȻɳ֮죡Ǹߴʥkһͬɱ
Ѫʥû˭Ҳû뵽ʥȻɳ֮졣⺣ʥʥɲһӵˡkˣôӦ
⺣ʥһЦطȻʥĶ֡ҫ֮ҵʥֻҪұ˵kΣȻkͣkһ̨¡ܹ»СС»ˡλֵܶæҶȹһ١
Ǵʥüͷ΢΢һһ³Ĭ
Ѫʥȴʮˬã⺣ʥæҰﶨˡ
ϮϮʥĽӣʥĽϮ
һľ֮һ⹬֮쳹ڳǿɫ䡣
⺣ʥɫʮѿһ㣬âҫһĻͶӰһ³ڵkǰ
ֻһֻʮʥ鼶ǼսɵĽһֲֿٶǹҫ֮дЩʥ鼶ս֮صӡҫŹҫ֮еĸ
⺣ʥҼϣ
һֲޱȵѪǽ֮и֣âŤѪħߴʥѪ֮߳
â΢΢һ⺣ʥۼǿһ³֮С
⺣ʥɨѪħߴʥһһĨĿ΢΢һƣһս֮ɫ⺣ʥʥˣʥˣǰкιɣ
һս֮ϣһ档ߣֱվŷɺ״ʥҫʥ
ҪΪ⺣ʥ𣿡
˹⺣ʥĿǹ⺣ʥߵۼǿ߿һ
ʥҺ͹⺣ʥֻͨѣΪkͷ˼ʥ뿪벻Ҫᣡ
Ǵʥ湧һֱԶȥһʧ
⺣ʥɫһ±ѿ֮ɶ񣡣
Ѫʥüͷ΢΢һ建ʥٵʱӦһ𣡲ܹ濹⡣⺣ʥ⳥ʧˡk
ܺãΪ⺣ʥɣ
һĨâһ´λ֮վ𣬱һſһԻе֮΢΢һΣһ³Ѫʥǰһȭ
ʱռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣ѪʥֱӺȥ
Ѫʥһ±Ѫ⣬γһֲѪɫ磬ƤҲҫӡ÷Ƥ
һȭһѪɫ֮ϣѪɫֱӺ飬˳ƺѪʥ֮ϣѪʥһȭ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ѫʥֱɺڶ֮ڣѪʥԴ
ѪħߴʥһĻгҺͺ£úݣôɱԣʥҼÿ죬ȻͳΪʥɱӺֻˣ
ҫʥҲƤֱгңҼÿ죡
ɺ״ʥһĨ֮ɫصɱԣѪʥҲǴҪȻʱǿͷ


1286 ߲˭
ʥ㾹ȻɱѪʥ㾹Ȼɱk
⺣ʥһĨ־׵ɫ΢΢һΣһ¶Ǳ޾ֵǳ֮С
ӡҫһɢŰۼֲϢ峤ߴĹƾ˴ǿǳֱ֮ӷɳ
ǹƾһץҫ֮֮âֱӻڵkУǹγһ޴սìֱһ
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǿ޴սìһһͽǾ޴սìֱɡ
ǿֲޱȵɺڶһţԽռ䣬ǳĹƾһȥ
ӡҫһۼĹƾ˾ͱֱɣеֱɣ˾ޱȵָġ
ǳ֮УֱѿһͷһعâĿֲһ·ɳһ˿˿ӵk֮л
Ѫħߴʥ΢΢һߣ
ɺ״ʥ֮һĨâԣһͷߺǣһһ޵аĵߺǣ
ʥǹҫ֮еĵһ޵а޹ҫ֮ߣǹ⺣Ҳһս뿪üֻܹƴܾˣ
ǳ֮д˹⺣ʥ
ܾˣƾҲ䣿
һЦӡҫǡҪֱӷɳ
һʥߺǵġҪֱӸ֣ڡҪ֮ϵһߺâһһǹҫ֮ߵǰǹҫֱ֮ץȥ
ǡҪǸֺǵĿǣκκڵkǰ޷ֻ֮ǹҫ֮һſѪڣ貵ĹâǡҪĵߺԴ
ǡҪĵߺһĨâӡҫſһһ˿˿ޱȵĲҫ
ǹҫ֮ߵһֺȻûһߺǵĿС
ǹҫ֮ɫһһ˿˿ֲŤž޴һߺȥ
ֲޱȵĴھ֮ɱѷѽ⣬һʱֲ֮ʤ
һЦǹ⺣һ壬ֻ̣
һ֮ҫսһƬֲޱȵĻеš
Ȼʥͱˣôȥɣ
ǳ֮Уһ´˹⺣ʥ
һذָһ·ɳޱȵӡǰָ֮и֣һ˿˿ԽĿֲϢǰָ֮ѹķ
һذָһ֣Բ֮ڵһͳͳһûһذָ֮ڡ
Ѫħߴʥɫ΢΢һ䣺ָǣ
ҫʥɫҲ΢΢һ䣺Ǵ˵֮еָǣһԽߵĿֲָǣǹ⺣ʥյơʥΣˣ
ɺ״ʥһĨ֮ɫû뵽Ȼ
ԭˣȷʵкƴıǮϧȻ̺ſֲޱȵȴ
һЦӡҫʱ֮֡һ¸֡
һʱⳤӴǡʱֱ֮֡ӿǰָһˢ
ǰָ֮һ˿˿Ϣʱⳤֱӽضϡ
һնһնǰָ֮ϣһɹ׵֮һ±ǹ⺣ʥǰָ֮ϵͳͳɡ
ǹ⺣ʥȫ֮һذָһ»ָƽ
Ҳһİָǡװ֮󣬾Ѿʱǰָǰָ̺֮ŵɱһߣȴۼǿ߶ԼԦ
ҳ壡
һսꪣ·һű޾âֵǳ
ϣ
ѪħߴʥһЦѪһֲħ·ǳȥ
ҫʥһ±仯Ϊһͷǳĺҫ꣬ſһ磬һſʯͬһ·ǳȥ
ɺ״ʥĬģëһƬƬ·ǳȥ
ǿֳ֣ǹ⺣һܲڵǳѡ
һ⺣ǿֹ֮֮ͬ£ֱӻɻҡ
ǿǳ֮й⺣岼µĽ綼ۼǿһݻ١
âҫǹ⺣ǿ߷׷˷ȥ
Ӵޱȼ޾ĻеֱӷɳסЩ⺣ǿǣƬǿջзɱš
ǹ⺣ǿÿһҫϵǿߣǱҲӵ溣սĻеȴԶԶ磬ɱ˲ء
⺣ʥ׼׸ϵ
Ѫħߴʥһҵ⺣ʥһĨâԦѪɫħߣŹ⺣ʥֱҧȥ
kҵ
ɺ״ʥ֮һĨâֳһĻƽǹŹ⺣ʥֱӴȥ
⺣ʥԼϳ֮У޾ҫ֮һжǲ·磬ӲĵֵסۼǿߵΧ
ʥԸ⳼ΪЧһɣԸ⵱ūͣ
⺣ʥһߵֵʥΧһ˻ߵĺе
⺣ʥΪǹҫ֮ĵkȫԵֵĹơʵ˵kصһǴʥֱߵѪʥͻϮɱ
⺣ѾĹͷ⺣ʥƴסʥΧȻ޷ıս֡
̫ˣ͸ᣬȻûаסǾȥɣ
һӰ΢΢һʱⳤӡռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣һȭͷֱӺڹ⺣ʥϣһ㽫⺣ʥƬ
ɺڶֱӸ֣һ⺣ʥĲУŵkԴ
Ѫħߴʥ΢΢һҺͺ£⺣ʥˣȻͶաҼ磡
ɺ״ʥҲ£Ͷ硣ʥҪ֮λҪĻۡkҪնɱĵˣõ˵ԴΪϡ
һۼǿͶΪūһʿʵۼǿҲܾȻܾ⺣ʥͶǹ⺣ʥֱնɱȻΪɹ⺣ʥԴԼǱ
Ե޹նɱһۼǿߣ涼Ȼ󲨡նɱһۼĵˣȴûκ˸Ҷ˵䡣
˹⺣ʥ֮󵭵Ѫħߴʥͽˣ
ѪħߴʥǣϣһὫ⺣նɱһ
΢΢һΣֱʧ
ʥɨƽ⺣壡⺣ʥѪʥ䣡
һϢһħ̳֮Уʱµķ籩
ʥڿʼж𣿡
ۼǿˣ
ЩһȻʥ鷳Ѱ·
䣬ӽ滹˭ʥ鷳
ʥѾ޵У߲˭棿
ȷʵ߲˭棡棬ǵٲͱʥ֮ˡ

ħ̳֮УǿǿһϢеĻϲеľ塣˭ѾʮһʵǾʱѾʥʱ


1287 ߼
ǹ⺣һɨƽ⺣ΧֱӽգӴޱȵĻеŽפ˹⺣ռݵĸʥǷĿǸʥ֮ڵԴ
ָޱȵԴ׷ӿС
Ѫħߴʥɺ״ʥµҲֱӽ֣ޱȵԴҲӵkԭرС
Ѫħߴʥɺ״ʥΪūϢһȥ֮Ǹ֮СС׷ǰͶ档
սħڵÿ춼ͣһԾΪ֮еһ
սħ֦մ½
һռʮľͱڲһֱߴһǧԲλеҪһеҪ֮УӡҫҫصĹâ
һ財ޱȵӡԲλеҪ໺ۡ
Ҫɹˣ
ԲλеҪ֮ǰĶһԲλеҪ֮ɫ
һԲλеҪ塢ʿ硢塢ʯĴƼĽᾧ߼ء
ֻҪ߼һɹӵֱߵʵ
һ߼һֱߴԲ򣬼ˡԭ֮ʯԼĵر֮Сһǧ
һ財ޱȵӡʮּѵţȻ΢΢һһڤڤ֮еΰһλãӡֱӻ
꣡
ԲλеҪ࣬һѳһ޴ޱȵĿӡ¶λһöе֮ѡ
ʧˣôʧܣҵӦȱŶԣȱʲô
濴ԲλеҪ࿪ѣĿһ±ޱȡ
һеִҪʼҪ޸
һ߼غķϡԴٴѺѸٵϡɢӡһ۳Ρ
澲վ߼֮ǰ˫֮ӡҫϸĶǸصӡ
һصӡ漯ĴݶĽᾧһ۳Ρ߼ؾܹԽƼķ룬һӵĽǱ
ʧܣҲܹһ߼أһ߼ҲֻܹǿѹһͨʿʵۼǿߣǱ
嵱ڵϾܼԶԶȲʿ硣ƼĶ뼫ޣҲѹͨߵˮƽҪԽȻûô򵥡
ʮת˲š
һ߼صӡڿʼ۵һȻ֮䣬һڤڤ֮еΰȻ֣һӡֱӺȥ
кâһָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣ڤڤ֮еΰϯȥ
һɲ֮䣬һֲֿޱȵɺڶֱӱҲֱըѿ˿ڸ֣Ѫء
꣡k֮Ҫ֮ûּ꣬׵ߣΥĹܵ淴ɣ
ӿһ˿򣬻סӡҫĦʯ֮һӿӴޱ֮һûǸޱȵӡ֮ڡ
Ĭģһڤڤ֮еķ˺ա
õӰֱӸ֣һӴޱȵľԴԴϵûһޱȵӡ֮ڡ
һöͬǳһ㣬̺޾Ϣ֮һ۳ͣޱȵӡȫգһû˻ڲ
һɲ֮䣬Բ֮Уһֲޱȵ籩
һɹɿֲ׵˷ӿսħ֮ڣγһֲޱȵУԴԴϵûսħ֦մ½֮ڡ
ʲô£
ѵʥһ׵𣿡
ôܣkôô׵ߣkǳʧ𣿡
ʥѾʧܹһΣôôٴγ֮λ

Ǹɳǿʱ̼սħڵĶ
һȡһգγ󣬶ʱøǿһľ
Ϊ۵ʱѾǿԵ޵棬߲˭档kڰ۵ʱ򣬾Ѿѹĸֱӽ׵ߣҲֻи׳Ƴƾȡ
΢΢һĬģһָ
սħ֦մ½Ļƽ֮ˮڣһû߼֮ڡ
֮һɷ򲨶˴֦մ½֮еĻƽˮҲȡһû߼֮ڡ
ƽˮ֦մ½ľʥߵĸκһʥҪʥʿõǻƽˮ֧֣Ϳһɽ׵ļʡκҪһƽˮʮѣƽĺˮһȡ֦մ½֮ϵ˶Ҷ˵һ仰
ǾŴ֦մ½Ѿȫ壬սħֱռ֦մ½塢Щ嶼ѾʮʶȤ˵kԭռݵմ½
һ߼ؾŸ
ħԴȡ߼ա
սħ֦մ½ͬһģȡŷԲ֮ڵ
ʮʱת˲ȥ
սħ֦մ½ϷкȻʧ
ʧˣ
ûǽʧܣ
ʮʱ䣬һ޳ɣ̫ˣ
ʧˣ
ʥʧˣ

ڸ֮УЩߵĸǿǶ΢һ֮ǰ׵ߣΪھʿʵۣ˶ûˡ
սħ֦մ½ľͱ֮ڡ
߼һѿһеֱ֮Ӹ֡
ӡĻе֮һſһӨһͷڷɢϢվǵľŮһ˫ۡ
һӵյľŮ߼صĽᾧ֮
ΪƼĽᾧ֮ӵиָ̬ǿ󺺣ҲһͷǿվޡҲһͷӵֵĴֹ֡滹ǰԼۣһŮ֮
һޱȵ֮һԾ߼֮һԾ
һŴǳ߼â΢΢һһޱȵӡһûһ֮Ķͷγһޱȵӡ

һ׵֮ǰϥڵϣʹ½ޱȵͷ­
Ϊ֮ĴӵϵȨޣҲ֮ϵˡ
濴֮һĨ֮ɫҼʶһ
ǣ
֮ȻһЦһ¸ֳһ˿˿ޱȵĹâ
ʮϵ֮н̶ߵʮһ¸֡
ʮһ֣һȻֱӹ֮ǰѾ״ʥĻҲ⡣
֮һһޱȵıһ³ڵkУݺһֱӳǴʥĻϡ
Ļ΢΢һӡҫԴԴϵǱ֮еĿֲѸٵͻơ
ʮ֮һɵۼĿֲһ´Ļ֮л


1288 ֮
һĻһһĨ˷֮ɫǰۼȻܹһʥ֮ǿ£
ۼǿÿһǴʥ۷壬һ̤һ˿ľǿߡ
ϣһۼǿԿһߡ
Ҳֻ۶ѡ˴ʿʳ֮Уħʳİۼǿ࣬Ҳֻʮۡʮ֮УֻۣĶǱħ֮ĸǿߡ
֮Ūһǧۼǿߣ޵аĵ֮⣬ĵ涼Ľkɱ
֮һӡ֮ޡһ³һ׵ϡ
ӡҫӴޱȵһûǽڡ
ǽ׻֮һӡҫڽһ·ͻƣһɿֲޱȵϢֱһٽΪһۼĿֲڡ
֮ɫ˷ܴЦã
Ļס׽׳Ϊ֮ͶɱﵡkǶǹؼʱתսֵĿֲڡ
һڴ֮ȥϣܹʮʥ׻˽Ϊۼǿߡ
һ۵ѾľҪõkȫҪԴһ֮󣬿õk֮еһװۡ
֮΢΢ҡͷһӣһâֱûС
ҪôԴֻҪгԴܹԴԴۼǿߣ̫ˡ
˫֮һţüͷ΢΢һ壬һչ¶һ˿˿Ц⡣
κһۼǿ߶棬ѰֵĿֲڡ֮·֮УһЩ֮еǿҲֻǴʥ۷ǿߡ
֮һͿһʥ׽װֱۣ졣ζֻҪһʱ䣬kܹһۼǿߡ
һۼǿѹһͨĵߡ
濴Ƿ绪ǵ֮һۣһĨ֮ɫҽһ£Ҽʶһı¡
ǣ
֮ȻһЦָһţһ޴ĻеԲһ¸֣һ֮ǻеԲ֮ڵkϡ
һɲ֮䣬֮һһޱ߷·һؿռ֮С
ǿռ磡ţܹҵ
濴һ磬һĨâһ۾ͿһصĿռ߼ڲĿռ䡣
ĿǰʵȫԴݻǳͶܹ֮һ硣һλ涼Գȫ
֮Ȼ߼ڲռΪk潻ֵսȻǿš
֮΢΢һЦΪߣսͲܹ֮սˡ
εȴһ¾֮֮ǰ۵ܶ߼ɲصˡ
Ȥ̬
һĨ˷֮ɫסâҫһģģӰһ¸ֱ֣ںһ
һս֮һ³Уֳս֮һնӢӰ֣սֱӸ֣֮ȥ
֮ȻһЦѩֱһģһݻΪһֲޱȵİ֮ɽӢӰѹȥ
ǿֲޱȵİ֮ɽͬһײӢӰ֮ϣӢսͳͳ飬һײϣֱӺɳ֮ң
ããã
ǱޱȴЦг˻ϲ֮ɫ
֮ʵԽǿʵҲԽǿ֮֮ʵɲ⣬ԶԶԽ״̬ĺ֮֮ûжȫ
濴ףǵ֮¶һЦݵ㻹û֣Ҿʹһ֡ӽͽ㣡
֮΢΢һЦл
ѪλΧǿһ˿˿֣һֲֻޱȵǼʽһ¸֡
һѪɫĹâҫѪħߴʥһ·ɵ˽ǰ·ɭһЦѪѪ棬ҼʥҪǣ
һֲޱȵѪλ֮𵴡
ʥ
ʿĵһǿߣ
Ǹ֮޵еʥ
Ǹնɱ֮һߵʥ
δĵھʿʵۣ

Ѫλ֮УеѪѪ嶼Ѫħߴʥɫ䣬
֮Уһ·ɳѪǿߣ֮С
ʥ
Ѫÿһǿףʲÿһ涼ʥʿǿߣһѪ壬Ӵޱȡ֮УеkǵѪᡣkÿһ֮жǴɴʱkǶֻܹ˿κ춯
ʥ֮ǰҶð֮£Ը϶ʮ֮ȪѪҲȫһˡҵ
һ콢һź֮ϵ棬ɫ԰ף΢΢
ɨǵһۣһĨ֮ɫһЦҪҿˡ㣿ãҾ͸һ·ϵѪһβʣĸҳ
һѪ汳ӿһ˿˿⡣
ѪѪѪԴȪÿһѪѪԵ㡣ǵѪȫɣͻһˣꡣ
ʥʥ֪ˣһ·ɣ
һ¹ڵϣǱޱȵİ
ӵСɫ֮ȻӵĺҲѲ׷ɱŻʵʵĴѪλ֮г
Ŀһָӡҫһӡһ´˵֮ڡ
ǵһ·һޱȵĲҽ֮һεѪӵk֮бֱӳ롣
ɫȴ˿춯ߣֱվŷɺ״ʥѪħߴʥۼǿߣkǳ֣Ҳֻ·һ
ʥһӣסְɣ٣֮Ӧһ¶⣬໥ɱ
һ̾Ϣ֮һɢŰۼֲϢ𷢱ۣ׵Ӵ̤֮һߵǰ
ɨǵڶһۣһĨɭޱȵɱڶ棬㵲Ұ£ҪΪ𣿡
ڶʥѾ޵߲˭Ķ֡ôǿҲֻһˡһ飬ǿӿ棬ͬҪֻ֡ҪŹ棬ѪѪܹΪҳϵѡ
ϧkѾˣ
浭һЦָһǵѾҽƮɢ
һεѪһ·ɵޱȵĹâ
ǵѪÿһζޱȡȫһʿϣֻҪʱ⣬ܹһѪѪѪʥʿ


1289 һ
ڶɫһ±ʮѿʥ㾹Ȼնɱ˵棡ҪѪѪΪ𣿡
浱ȻҶҳ֣๼ڶ棬ѪѪѵҪΪУ
ĿЩѪһӶһɿֲޱȵɱͬɽһѪһӶ
һµʹͷӡ
ԴӺ֮ѹ֮ʿ֮мûм˸ҸսħΪСսħ֮еǿ߶ò˱ᡣ
⺣屻֮󣬾ۼǿҲһ档
̫龦塢塢ʯ˵ȴҫϵԼ
ÿһ춼ڲϵ֮͡УʿԼǿ߶׷ͶᣬĴǱ鲼档
еǿ߶һʵʲôĻ潫Ϊĵھʿʵۣʿ硣
ڶʥ涼ɱˣһһֻоŴ棬СʥԻ˫ۣͶֻܹ֮ݣ
һĨ֮ɫһЦȤȻˣôǶȥɡ֣
ѪħߴʥâһѪɳһ̺ſֲ綾ħߣŵڶֱȥ
ɺ״ʥһӣһֱӾȥ
һֲޱȵѪ״ӵڶԼ֮ѪħߴʥԼɺ״ʥֱӺȥ
ǵڶӲĵסѪħߴʥռһ˿Ϸ硣
ȴǷɺ״ʥĶ֣ھһ棬ͱʮ壬֮Ѫ
콢Ĵ֮Ŀŵڶ浭ʲôƣóɣȻѪѪ壬Ҫʷˣ
ʥ̫ˣѪλ棬ҵĵ̣İ˴ʿʵҲ˵
һֲޱȵѪɫӡѪλ븡֡
ΰʼ棡
ʼ棡
ʼ潵ˣ

Ѫλ֮УѪǿ˫һ¸ֳһ˿˿ɫһ˿˿֮ɫе
ǵھȻҽһһ³Ѫɫӡ룬֮еѪֱӷɳӡںһ
һѪֱӸ֣Ѫ֮ƯԶˡ롢ħħ೬ĺǡѪ֮еÿһѪһ˿˿
Ѫ֮УһޱȵıѪֱӿûѪɫӡ֮С
Ѫҫһ𷢱ۣòףʳϴŹЦݴ֮һ˿˿ڵk֮
üͷ΢΢һ建һ棡Ѿˣԣ㻹ûѡһ
ûҵһȷʵûеѵʱ򡣲ڵĻѾԽԽӽѵʱ̣淨ѾɶѡѡϧȻѪλҰǾ͸°ɣ
һһĨ䣬޾Ѫڵkı֣һ˿˿ֱӿϯķ
ɺ״ʥѪħߴʥǿ߶ʱɫ䡣
һǴԶʱѾϹ˭Ҳ֪k׻˶áµϹﲻ֪ռ˶ԴŶٵơ
ѪѪ崫£ȴֻ˾ʥʿ棬Ѫ֮⣬󲿷ֵԴ˵һС
һɢŲĻǵһĵ֮һսֻԶԶ˵ĺ֮
߻Ӧƣ޷뿪Ѫλ̫Զ
һ߻ǿ뿪Ѫλ棬ôѪѪĴԼ
ʿ֮УѪѪһʱǿʢޱȣץǿߣ֮תΪѪ
һʱⱻʿ֮ΪѪʱ֮ѪʱճնɱѪǿߣһ˵һ棬ӵkǿᵽһѪ
ûҵ߻޷뿪Ѫλ̫ԶʥȻǾ͸°ɣ˶ϣ㻹ţ
һѪһѪֱӿݻγһֲޱȵѪ֮磬ƬȫڱΡ
һƬֲޱȵѪ֮֮Уֻʣµһ콢
ճѪ֮֮УѪⷭڣһͷɢһ˿˿Ѫɫһ¸֣̽צֱץȥ
һɲ֮䣬ѪɫǿֲޱȵһγһɿԻһеĸֱѹȥ
ƣ
һսһֱӸ֣ԷһСһеɫƬ֮иֳ
ǹŤĸγɵצһץ·һͷ߼ȫһצһֱӱһѪɫֱӺ䱬
¡
ֱӱѪɫһצɳ֮ңһ˿˿Ѫ֮л
ԭҸ߻˴Ĳ֮࣡޵Уվֻǰ̬ۡ
һĨâϵġס֮ӡҫһģģӰһ¸֣ںһ
һ̤ѪɫϷһնӢֱӸ֣طͷѪɫֱӺȥ
ͷѪɫצһԦѪɫ֮ȥ
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һƬѪɫռ֮Уֲޱȵıըһֲޱȵ˷ɢȥ
ʥ֮ǰǿˣ˺֮Ȼ˾޴ĺôϧ
Ѫɫ֮У˵һɱ
Ѫҫһͷȼŷ֮׵Ѫɫһ¸֣ſһ磬һֲޱȵѪֱ֮ϯȥ
ָһţӡҫһȻ֡
һѪ֮Ƿ֮һ˲ͽִ۵Ľ飬޾Ļһ½ֱɡ
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǹޱȵĻһһɡ
ͷѪɫֱһצ̽ȥ
ǿһͷѪɫһɳ֮ԶѪֱ֮䡣
ȳһѪһĨâĿǰʵԿһߣȷʵѶ̫ˣǶɣ
һâҫʮ绪ޱȣſһԻе֮һеսףֲֳͬŮһ³֮С
ʮޱȵŮ֮ʮʥͽʮʥͽÿһнΪһߵǱkǾķԴĴƼĽᾧ
һһͷɫһɫװʥͽҹһ֮йâһ΢΢һΣһ³һͷѪɫϷӶһɫսһնѪɫϡ
һɫĵâһѪɫһ±նһ飬ֱȫĨȥ
ѪɫһŭХӶצҹһֱӺȥ


1290 նɱһ滯
һֳֺɫ޶ܣһͷ̷ķԸУԵʮָҹһ·ɳͷѪɫצǰ
һ޴ޱȵľ޶Ӱһ¸֣Ѫɫǰ
¡
Ѫɫһצ£һޱ߾ֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥһѪɫ
ѪɫǰͬһֻСһҹӲĵסѪɫһ
ҹһ΢΢һΣӶеսնѪɫϣһɫĹâҫѪɫһ¶һ޴ĶѨ·ʲôֱȥһ㡣
һʱ΢΢һʱֱ֮һͷѪɫһɺڶֱӸ֣ͷѪɫһɡ
ӡ֣һԴԴԴϵĴѪɫ֮ӿûڡ
һͷѪɫǵһʩչطȡһ߼ǵ뾫ѪγɵĿֲڣӵԴǿޱȣԲɱۼǿߡ
һͷѪɫſһ磬һֱ
ҹֳ־޶һµǰ
һһǾ޶֮ϣǾ޶ֱӵס
һֳ־޴ǹһͷ糤һβԵӢˬҹһ¸ֳһ˿˿ɫĹâ
һɲ֮䣬ҹͷѪɫ˵ǰо޴ǹһ̣һ´Ѫɫ˵ؿڡ
һɿֲޱȵ֮ǹ֮дͷѪɫ˵ķ֮
һͷѪɫ˵ĻҲ𽥱˥
һһɫ泤ۣһ伮ҹһ·һ伮
貵ӡ֮ǵ伮֮ӿѪɫռ֮еѪ֮Դ֮
Ѫɫռĳȡͨǵ伮תΪΪûʮʥͽϡ
֮֮ԽֻܹۼǿߣΪk߻kʮʥͽϡ
ʮʥͽÿһӵƥеĿֲս֮Ŀֲ֮֮⣬ʮʥͽÿһӵн׳ΪʿʵۼǿߵǱ
kʲôˣô
Ѫɫռ֮Уǵһ𺧵
ɱ֮ӰǵһоΡkѾݳĽޣʮֿ϶ܹɱѪɫռ֮ڣȴû뵽澹ȻʥͽĿֲڸ棬ʥͽһ־ʮ
һ棡ڣôãӦѾˡͳΪҵ̤ʯʵ۷壬ɣ
ɱһţӡҫһ»һɺڶǸѪɫռıԴ֮
һƬѪɫռ΢΢һһͷѪɫ롢һͷѪɫһͷߴסͷ۵Ķ۾ħһ³֡
ʮʥͽ֮Уֱӷɳһ飬ͷѪɫ鷢˽
ͷѪɫÿһͷʥͽ൱ǱʥͽΧܿͱ˺ۡ
ЩʥͽǶ̳֮һսһ߷ѪɫͷѪɫ鲻ϵսҲڲϵı
ѪɫռıԴ֮ҲɣһѪɫռ
һѪɫռǵһ涯õ֮γɵĿռ䣬ǿҲ޷һ顣ȴѪɫռıԴ֮ѪɫռԶ
ʥȥ
һ˿˿ҫһһѪɫռ֮г֣׺׵ĹâԽգֳһȼſֲѪ׵Ѫֱ֮նȥ
Ѫ֮һӽ棬ڵѪҺʼڣҪȼ
һִѪ֮壬κʵʥߵĴڣڵkǰֻҪһͻᱻֱӳѪҺѪҺֱȼաԷٶȻһۼǿǵһǰвͬѪҺȼգԷٶ
ǡסһ¸ֳصӡѪ֮Դ֮ȫиɡ
ҹֳ־޶ܵǰǺɫľ޶ܹâ΢΢һһ±仯Ϊһ·֧ŲĿֲ޶ܡ
һһնһֲޱȵľ޶֮ϣ޾ѪױӲĽһɫľ޶նѿ
ֳһ޴ҹޱһ·Ӷ޴̺ſֲŵһݺݺȥ

һâһ˫֮һ±Ѫһºҹŵϡ
ҹûܵκӰ죬һ³ڵһǰӶǾ޴һڵһϣһùͷѣѪ䡣
ûѪҺkǶǻеôܣkӵꡣ
һһĨ֮ɫ
ҹһһ˸ڵһһնڵһϡ
һѪɫŤ֣ҹһս΢΢ƫơ
ǿֲսһնڵһ֮ϣӲĽһն¡
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǵһֱɡ
ʥ
һ־ŭһĨȻ֮ɫ
Ѫɫռһ±޾Ѫһۣûһڡ
ǵһһ±Ѫ⣬γһһ޴ޱȵѪ֮һɿֲޱȵĵѪ֮л
һǶѪ֮ռ˵kԼһֵıԴ֮Ϊ˽նɱ
ƣ
ҹֳޱȵĵ伮ŵһγɵѪ֮һָĺȵ
һӡѪ֮֮и֣һըѿ
ʮʥͽػǰҹ֮⣬һǱѪ֮һͽѪ֮顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǱѪֱ֮ɡ
ӴޱȵԴѪ֮вӿûڡ
һѪ֮ǵһȡкɵıڱֱɣ൱ٴһޱȵĵߡ
ˣһĻҲˣôܣǿһ߲õĺ֣
ѪħߴʥһĻ΢΢һŲźͿϲ֮ɫ汻һĻѪɫռ֮еʱ򣬵kѾЩˣڿǵһĻȻնɱʱϲޱȡ
ɺ״ʥ΢΢һ֮֮ɫʥֲ̫ˣδھʿʵۡ
һĻȻʥնɱˣôܣһһȱĵߣkµֶΣʥôƽˣ
ڶһĻһĨ֮ɫһҧһ±һƬ֮⣬˷ȥ
һɺڶֱӸ֣һƬһһ˲ͽе֮ɣγ˵ڶ塣
ӡҫŵڶԴ
ǿֲޱȵɺڶһһͽдļѪһУǼѪԴ
ѪѪ군ˣ
ǵһ汾ѪѪ군ˣ
Ѫλ濴Ҫʥˣ

ЩһսǿǼһĻжӿһ˿˿⡣Ѫ汻һգѪһϵһ±䣬µ塣
ʮλ֮һѪλҲƿ֮С


1291 𺧵ĵһ
Ѫλ棬ӡҫǡɫֱ֮ӷɳһա
ޱȵӡǡɫ֮ӿѪλһգѰŵһıλá
һڳ˯֮УǵkʱȻŹնݳĴûᡣ
һ˿˿ҫһ޾Ѫһ³ǰǳ޾Ѫ֮УһɫĹײģһ˿˿֮ǺɫĹײ֮
λѪλ࣡
һĨ֮ɫһ֡
̻˴һ콢֮зɳѪλȥ
¡¡
һ޴ĺ֮Щս溣ǿ߹̻ѸٵڳһͨѪλͨ
Ѫλʮһ޾Ѫɫǰ
һŨŨѪζѪɫ֮
κʵ溣ǿһѪɫ磬ᱻȡѪҺһ߸ʬ
Ѫɫ翴һһЦԭˣѪλ治ϵ˥ˣԭΪ˹ϲĶ
Ѫλʮλ棬ѪѪҲ츳ӵԶĳ֡¹ȥѪλŽֻӵоŴ档֮ĹĶ֮⣬ѪλıԴһȡһգkҲһΪҪء
ʥѾѪλıԴΪһ壡ҵ򡣳ǵ߸գԶҲܹҵ򣡡
޾Ѫ֮Уһγһײеͷ­Թŭ
ôĿ
һЦָһţӡҫһ޴ޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ѪɫֱӾȥ
Ӵޱȵ֮ɺڶ֮иַѪɫϵ
һصӡ֣νѪɫȫסǿɲκ
̬
һģޱȵӰǡס֮ӿΪһ塣ֱӻһնӢ鸡֣ʩչֲֿޱȵսѪɫֱӺȥ
Ѫɫ֮һ¸ֳһޱȵӡһ˲ͽӢĹֱա
ѪɫһڣȻָƽ·ʲôûзһ㡣
һĨ֮ɫԶŵߵֲõkҽϳط
һһԶŵߣ˵֮еkǴʱһϹҲ˴˵kһʧܵʧߡΪѪѪԴͷһʼ棬kҲ޵аĿֲڡǵһڳ֮УԲǵk
΢΢һӡҫһټʥԼ֣Ѫɫһˡ
Щ׷һ̣㽫ѪɫɳһССĿӡ
㾹ȻĻеܣƣ
Ѫɫ֮Уһڣһ˲һѪ֮ìֱӸ֣Խգһһʥ׻֮ϡ
Ѫ׷ڣһʥ׾ͱǿֲޱȵѪ֮ìֱӷգɻҽ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ֣Щʥױ׷׷ɻأʧ
ЩʥȻܹѪɫϽ磬ǻûеȵkǽѪɫϽȫɡҪĵһɱ⡣
ÿһʥƶҪķѺԴҲԴ졣
ʥľѪһ룡飬ҿԵûз򣬽֮󣬾֮աһλҲȲ㣡
һѪɫı֮ڣ˵һɱв֮
һЦһһֱӷ
һһǼս֮и֣鲼ѪλΧǿա
һſŻеҪЩǼս֮зɳ
еЩеҪ֮໥γһ޴ޱȵķӡ罫ѪλڵƬֱӷӡ
һſƶװҪֱӸ֣ſ磬ĳȡƬƬȡһա
Ǹʲô
ʥٸʲô

֮Уһʥ߶Ŀ⼯Ƭ
һֻֻӴޱȵǼʽһ½Ѫλ֮ڡ
Ǽʽ֮Уһ֮ǸһѪλ֮еѪ塢ӵѪҺǻ嶼ͳͳץһա
Ѫλ֮з裬ս˵ץһǻ塣
ʮ֮Ѫλ֮е鶼ץһա
һһЦʥЩһжûκ壡ֻҪѣһѪܹһѪѪ塣kǻ᲻ϵķܡɢЩѪѪ壬ȫɱˣҲᶯҡҵ־
һЦɱ˵kǣҪɱˣʼնֻһһ棡ɣ㣡
Ƿ绪ʳ֮һĴӺ߳ڵkʮʥͽ
ʮʥͽÿһӵǵòǰȴȻеkҶ
һ۾΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫkǾĻеܣȻѾԽʿʵۿ֮ʥֻҪ㽫Щеͳͳ͸ҡ飬ҾͿԵʲôûзҵ֮󣬻ԳΪѣһ֮Ϊĵھʿʵۡ
ʮʥͽÿһܹʱƥеĿֲڡkǾڵһ˵ҲһСս
һ棬ļգ
һЦһеġ֮ޡݺݵĳѪɫ֮ϡ
¡
Ѫλ涼Ϊ֮һɽѡХ½ͬĩսһ㡣
ѪɫҲһ˲顣
ߣôܣ㾹ȻһߣôܣʱôܹߣôлŵĵʱѣѵǰˣԣǰѣҲϢ˥ܴȱûиϢôô
޾Ѫ֮Уһ´˵һֵ
һЦһ̤Ѫɫ֮ڣݻγһɺڶѪɫıԴ֮
һѪɫѪλλ汾Դ֮һĲһλλ汾Դ֮Ѫλλ汾ԴѾֻ͸ɵĴûᡣ
ڵС֮Уλ汾Դ֮ӿ룬ǸС粻ţӵǿλȼҲڲϵ
ȥ
Ѫɫռ֮У˵һ澪ŭ׵ŭХ
һѪֱ֮Ӹ֣նɱǿߵĿֲܣֱնȥ
Ӷš֮ޡһǡ֮ޡ֮еһͳͳɷ顣
һɹɿֲޱȵ֮ǡ֮ޡдһ
Ϊһ֮ͨа壬ͬʱӵԶԶԽĿֲֲ˼㡣
Ѫɫռ֮УѪɫˡѪѪԡѪǵֲޱȵĳﲻϸֱ֣ӹȥ


1292 Ѫλ
Ӷеġ֮ޡͬһޱȵĶһⷭڡǡ֮ޡ֮еһдڣͳͳֱǡ֮ޡɡ
һصһ沼õĽǡ֮ޡ·׷ױ
Ÿ߰ŵĲһɫײ֮ǰӶ֮ޡݺһǺɫĹײ֮ϡ
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һصĿֲһ±Ѫλ涼Ϊ֮𶯡
ѡҽӿֲֿޱȵһѪλ汬
Ǻɫײ֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ɫĹΣס㾪춯صһ
ס֣ʥԴ֮ѾѪλΪһ壡ǻԴ֮ף൱ڻѪλ档ʮλ֮һϣΪһλĴڣ
Ǻɫײ֮һ´˵һ־ŭ
ʿ֮УĿǰֻв֮λһһλ档ʮλʱһλ棬Եʿʵۼǿߵǿλ档
Ŀǰֿ֪ԽһλҲֻʮλ档һ٣˵һ޴ʧ
ֻҪܹɱ㣬ѪλҲͻˡװױһٵúмֵ
һɺڶƬѪɫռ֮и֣ѪλıԴ֮
ѪλıԴ֮ԴԴϵûڵС֮ǿСıԴ֮
һ棬ߺã
ȻһЦеġ֮ޡȻ΢΢һ䣬һֲޱȵͷһ´ǺɫĹײ֮ϡ
Ǻɫײ֮ϵһɫĻһ˲ֱӱ
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ǡ֮ޡصĳǺɫײ֮ϣǺɫײĺһֲޱȵѷ졣
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һնʱռŻǳɺڶһ¸֣ݺݵնǲƵѪɫâ֮ϡ
һɰԵ׵Ѫɫâ֮ӿһ½ɳײ֮ͨУǶǽڣһ׵Ĵ󶴡
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Ǳ鲼Ѫλ¯һĳȡѪλıԴ֮
Ӵޱȵıȡţһû֮УѾų߼档
Ѫλ涼ʼı̮
ѪλʿĶλ棬ĺ֮һǻٵԻܵķɡ
ǵһȳȡѪλıԴѪλıԴԼһٵѪλ棬ųϵķɶᱻkܡ
Ѫɫռ֮У޾Ѫ⿪ʼɢһҲڲϵ½
һһ֣ĺţȥס֣ʥס֪֡ڸʲôڻٵһλ棡
ǻ˵һ·ɳӶ֮ޡݺݵĳ˵һϣһɼǵ˿ڡ
Ѫ⻷ƣһɼǵ˿ȴôҲ޷ָ
һЦһ棬½Ͼڻûеѵʱ򡣡
һɫҧʥһ·һһʮءֻҪһ·ҿԽеİʮŴؽ㡣
һ治һۼƲԼռƵʱʼЭ
ǵһеġʼ֮һָҶеġʼ֮ʮָȤң
һܾУҵ·ĵۼرܽ㣡


1293 ɵһ
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һʥֹͣȡѪλıԴ
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һһĨ֮ɫֻҪֹͣȡѪλ汾Դ֮ҾͰЩĵַ㡣
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һ춯صľ֮УѪλλ汾ԴɵѪɫռһ±ӴޱȵıԴ֮Ҳֱɢ¯ֱա

һ淢һ־׵ŭѪɫӡӵk֮зɳλ汾Դֱס
һ³ڵһı󣬻Ӷ֮ޡһڵһıϣֱӽһķ顣
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һһ·һ춯صŭ겻ϵ˥ߣһ˲ͱͷ׷΢΢һΣֱӵ˵ϡ
Ȼôǿ󣬲㣬վֵסʱⳤӵʴ
濴֮ǰ޵еĵһ浹صһĻ΢΢һ̾һɺڶֱӸ֣ǵһֱɣĳȡŵһԴ
һɹǿޱȵıԴ֮ӵһӿûڲϵǿꡣ
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Ǳ鲼ѪλǼʽһȥЩһֱעʥǾͿһڱŵѪλ档һĨ֮ɫ
ʱӡ֮УѪ֮·֮еӡǱٴγһͨߵ·Ĵ
һſǳͬһ׹䵽˲֮λ档
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һ˿˿Ĳҫ͸ˮʧ
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һˣһͬ飡һҲУԲܹõkҵټ
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һɫľ΢΢һŤֱʧ
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һ涼ʥУ彫ضԵһھʿʵۣ
һ涼ʥС滹˭Ķ֣
ʱеĵֻ¶˱ᣬʥΪС

ħ̳һƬڣеʿ˷ܲѣ۷׷סԴӵڰʿʳػʳ֮󣬳֮֮еĵλһǧɡ
ճһ־ͽѪλľŴֱӺɨǺų޵аĵһ涼Сֱͬ˴ʿʵۺѹһɨһ㣬Ȼʿ˷ܲѡ
Ŷ׷׼սħڣԳΪսħڵһԱԺ
֮УҲиֱͶսħڣΪսħڵĸӹвӵʥʿӻϵ嶼ֱͶսħڣΪսħڵһԱ
ÿʱÿսħڵڲϵţޱȵԴҲԴԴϵӿսħ֮ڡ


1294 
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Ǹ֮ǶԴоſԴԼһöɢ㲨Դ
صӡһ֮ϸ֣һޱȵĹǸֱ֮
һޱȵĹڤڤ֮еķһº֮У֮кһʮŤȶͨ
һ˿˿Ϣͨһߴ
һֻͨһ߸֣̺Ϣë֮зɳһŤ֮ͨϡ
ÿһƬë·һСһ㣬ɢſֲޱȵ
ë֮£һŤͨһ±ȶ
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ʯѲϵըѿһһǿ߱ȴʯ֮зɳʩչطӻһʯѡ
һĿֲѹ֮£ʯ֮еǿ߲ըѿһѪΪʿ֡
ʮ֮䣬жʮǿߴʯ֮зɳȻֱըѡ
һöʯѱԽ޾ľ룬ӲĴֱͨӷɳٵ档
꣡
һ֮УһöʯֱӱɢŰۼֲϢĹǿߴʯֱ֮߳
ΪһһͷɫĶ̷˺ۣѪģȴȻףʳǾ֮УȻһֺȺ׵ĸо
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ޱȵĵرֶħҩ׷׵ķɳһûǾǿߵڡ
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Ϊһһͷɫ̷ǿߴһᣬһ̺һ˿˿˰ͼһ·ɳ
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װ۷֮ҪһǧѡһʥߣҲֻܹ΢øǿһ˿˵һ֮ÿ춼ڲϵıǿ֮֮лõҲϵͷųԽԽֲ
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ڹ֮УĴߡĴÿһͬ޵УԶͨ۵ĴڡkǾֻа벽֮ң
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ΰ۽Լ㱾Դи˲֣͸ңһ㱾ԴҾͿֱһ棬׵ߣʱ׵ߵĵ·
һĨâ΢΢һЦһ㱾ԴֱԼؿһ
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ڳ֮
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ЩתϹǶûܹ֮k˭

Ƭ籩һһЩʥߵע⡣ܿ죬ʥߡʥʿİ۶߷һע
ǿ˳֮һʱ֮У֮⣬˵һγ֮
ʵϢڽɫӡҫ֮㱾Դ֮£ǹؼһΪ֮ʽӵ˿ȵߵĿֲ


1295 ʥһ
ۼǿһ·ɵ֮Уֱվĸÿһۼǿжһ׵ġ졿
ޱȵӡǡ졿֮ӿ֮һһշ籩
Բ֮еնΪ֮ңκǿҪͨ򿪿ռſԽ޾룬ٵ˵ضʮѡ
һȻվ֮Сһޱȵɫֱһȵ֮ųȥǵ֮Žڡ
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һʽ׳Ϊߣ߳ߵʱض޵
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ǿһԵ֮سֵ棬ɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
֮еһߺ֮У֮޵еĻʶϲĶ֡ڳĹǿ߸ûһĶ֡
ռһ˿˿ҫһǼս֮и֣γһֲֻޱȵĽһ·ҵĿռ֮С
һâҫЩǼսһص֮УԳԽٵĿֲٶȷڵλֱӷȥ
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һʳɹڤڤ֮ӡԼĵӡkĳΪһߡ

콢֮ϵüͷ΢΢һ壬һ̤ΧնΪ֮Ťһȿռ֮ų֣ҵ֮вϵԾ
Ҳֻͨռľǿ߲ܹҵĿռ֮нпռԾȻǿҲֻܹһһԾ޷һԾֱ꣬ӽڵ
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һɫĹâҫһۼĴ̿ͻһٶȰ֮УԳԽٲ֪ٱĿֲٶһ³ֳذȥ

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Ŀ䣬һȭͬһǳһһۼĴ̿ϣۼĴ̿һȭ顣
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ǿɱ֮һĹ

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻһ
ΧĴÿһսߴʥĶۼǿߡĴǿΧȴ׻ܣȻЩʥߡʥǶ֪սֲףһοȻʮ𺳡
ʥѾ֮ţעҪ׳ΪһߣͶɣѾûϣˣ
ֳİ֮һͷϳǣ峤ߴףһͭβĹſڵ
Ĵеġ졿ӡҫڵλγһս磬ӻʡ
йǿ߶ֻʽ׵ߣڳĹǿ߲һ˿·һʽʧܣڳ˶Ϊɺڶ֮еĻҳ
һȿռ֮ҵ֮д򿪣һȿռ֮л˳ɨһۣһȭ
ʱռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣Ϊһһս֮ϡ
¡
ս类һȭУֱըѿ
ǿѹ˺֮ʥȻһ
桾졿׷ѿֳ֡졿Ĵ۶һѪ¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
ûЩɵĴۣһһûһȲƵĵ֮ڡ
һǵ֮ڣ㻯һֲֿޱȵɺڶǵ֮еͷ֮ǵ֮ȥ
ʥһ
ǵ֮ʻҫת棬һɿֲޱȵĲӵk֮лϯķ


1296 ʽ׵
Բ֮Уһɹɿֲޱȵ籩
̺Ÿַ滨ֱӸ֡
Ļ֮УһɢʥĹԡһȴŶ񶾵䡣
һɿֲޱȵĲǵ֮лϯķ
֮˽ߵ󣡡
һǿ߽ˣ
úݶֶΣҪ׵֮·

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
۴ʥһĨ֮ɫߣ˾Ȼ׳ΪһߣúݶֶΣȫնʥ׵ߵ·
ǴʥҲһ̾úݶһ֡սĸܼ档һֺúݶ
ʿܼҪһܼʿ汾Դûȫյʱÿһʱֻܹһߡ
ȵʿ汾Դȫյʱ򣬾ͿԵߡǸʱҲ۸աʱ
һ߽棬ûߵô汻Ҳֻʱ⡣
ʽ׵ߣ
һֺ޴ޱȵĲ֮
ʿ֮Уеʥ۵kںηǸĲ
ʣ˭
ʣôʥ׵ߣ
ʣôû

ʿ֮Уʥϵǿ߶¶֮ɫʼעǸ֡
ɢʥԡĻ䰴ڤڤ֮еķһ³ʵǰֱûʵڣõkϢڽøӵǿ
ʽ֮嵭һЦ֮֮ҫ֮ߣӦȷֻ֮һ󡣶һһǿҵ䣬滹أ
һ߽ػϵ󣬽汾Դϴ񣬽һ굽ɱ䡢
ǹİۣ֮ϴӡʿ缸ܽ׵ߡǵk߷ֳ㱾Դһͻƣǿн׳Ϊ˵ߡ
Ȼ汾Դ־ôųʣҲֻܹ淨򣬽һ
һɺڶǹĵ߿ռ֮ǿռ֮Ÿ־ޱȵıԴ֮
ʸ߸ϸʥͶɣȻѾ׳ΪߣҲûһ˿ϣͶüֻҪ㳼ңҿԳŵӻսħڵʥߡ
ǰһԿһ¡ƾ㣬ûʸҳ
һĨâһ̤һȭݻΪһǳֱӺȥ
󵨣
˫֮кâһӿһ˿˿ŭɫһΪ֮𵴣޾ۣγһĿֲ޽һն£նǿǳ֮ϡ
¡
Ϊ֮𶯣ǿֲޱȵ֮£֮ڲؿռ䶼Ϊ֮𵴡
һǳǿֲ޽һնƣֱӱɳ֮ң϶һɼǵĿֲۣһεѪֱӱ񷡣
ʥʣ
kսʥʣ
ȻҶʳ֣ǿһߣոսףkҲһ޵еߡʥ̫ˣ

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻ˵һ
֮Խʱ򣬲⵽淴ɡڡһǣ״̬űնɱ
ʿһȱĵߣǸոս׵ĵߣҲԶԶڰ۵Ŀֲڡ澹ȻҶԵkֱ֣˲š
ǵߣǿǸոս׵ĵߣҲ̫ǿˣڶ̬
һĨ֮ɫϵġסһ½ڶֳ̬֡ꪡնȥ
ǿĵۼرƳĵۼرǵ֮µһˣϧôǿҲֻǵ֮µĵһˣ
һȻɫӡɳݻγһ֮ʸֱȥ
һأһʱⳤ֮Уٶһ±ٱӶꪡ쵽˼㣬նһɫļʸ֮ϣͬһſֲޱȵķ籩һ㣬һɫļʸֱӺ顣
ȻѾ쵽˼㣬ȻмɫļʸķϣᴩˡסһεɫѪҺֱӵ񷡣
ϧˣʥȻǿޱȣǱʻǲ̫Զˣ
֮µĵһվǵߵĶ֡
һȱĵʵ̫ǿˣ

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻжһĨâ˷ܡп־塢ֻ
ʱӴޱȵǼʽѾɵƬսͬˮһӿֱӹȥ
һȺϣȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һҾ޴ޱȵսһָ
һǧɫսìֱӸ֣˺Ѳ񷣬һһҾ޴ޱȵս֮ϣֲޱȵ˺սķ磬սֱӺƬ
һ³սγɵĻе֮УʩչֹɱطЩս˷׷׺Ƭ
ǻе֮Уʮһ¿ѣʮʥͽȻ֣Ϊһʩչط۹ȥ
ʮʥͽһս˵һ֮һʥͽ֮ϡʵߴʥ⧲֮䱻Щʥͽ͵Ϯһͱش
ʲô
ʮۣÿ£ʮۣ
ʮÿһʵʥҲǵ֮޵еĿֲڡʥǴǿߣ
ʮۣʥûн׵ߣѾʮ׷档ǿ£
һ䣬Ӧþʮйأ

ЩʥߡʥһʮʥͽһĨ֮ɫ
ʿһۼǿ߶һֲ졣һһֻܹһ
һ³ʮս˵ʥͽֱš
ס֣
ʿһİ۱ҹһֱն飬ЩʥͽɣһĨŭɫһɿֲޱȵĵһҹһݺһġ
̬
кâһס֮ӡҫһģģӰֱӸ֣ȫںһ
һɰԵ׵Ħʯ֮ӿûڡһУһսֱ֣ꪸһնȥ
Ӣ鸡ʩչսΪһֱʺȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һһĨ֮ɫһ֣һɫĶһ¸֣˵kǰ
¡
Ӣһֱӵסɫļʸͬһȥ
һʱⳤӸ֣Ӷеսꪣһſֲޱȵķ籩ӲĽʵĹͳͳĵס
סˣסʵĹ
ǿǵߵһ
ʥȻ£

ЩΧ۵ʥжһĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷ס


1297 ն
ʮǳӡǳֱ֮ӷɳǹ֮Ƭ֮Уγһȫյǳӡ硣
Ǵʥʮǳ룬ǰһ顾ǳħһ˿˿ǡǳħ֮ѹķ
һֱߴǧͨӡǳֱӸ֡
貵ӡһǳ֮ӿǳӡ֮ٴγһ硣
۴ʥǳ࣬˫ۣüĵΪǸĺġ
Ǹ֮⣬ռ׸֣һһķӡ硣
棬ɱң̫ˣ
ɨطӡ磬һЦӡҫһɫĺ֮֡
һɫĺ·ᴩȥڡδأɱֱϯȥ
һĨ֮ɫӡҫһɺڶȻֲ֣ޱȵ֮ͼһɫĺ
һɫĺݺݵײɺڶ֮ϣ˼۵ɺڶʮֹıȻûһɫĺ֮ڡ
ɫ䣬ӡҫ֮ǰγһơ
Ƭǿ֮еĽ׷ſһ޴ޱȵķֵǰ
ǿֲޱȵɫֱһ壬Ǿ޴ޱȵķֱӱɫơ
Ľױɫһ壬׷׻һɫĵûɫĺ֮Уݺݳȥ˲佫ֱû
ǿʣ
ǵߵǿʥҲȱߵĶ֣
ʥһܣע޵ˣ

ЩͨߵʥߡʥǼһĻж΢΢һ
ɫĺڹͼ޾һʴ档
ǡסѾȫһӡҫһ˿˿ɫ̺֮ŵʴ֮
ǡס߳ɵʴ֮ʴ֮һϣһ
ӡϸ֣ͷļԼǱһǿߵԴ֮һӿ岻ϵĽ
˺ë֮ۡһߵԴټϴǡ֮ڡлõӴһֱûȫһ֮ʴ̼֮£ڱĸꡣ
ڤڤ֮з·ھһ㣬һ·ͻƣûκ⣬һǿޱȵıԴ֮֮£һɱ
һɿֲޱȵϢɫ֮и֣һֲޱȵâɫĴһնѿնȥ
Ȼʱף֮ӣܵ汾Դ谮ĳ
һĨ֮ɫɫӡڵkǰ֣γһɫĶƣɢſֲޱȵĲ
¡
һնһɫĶ֮ϣӲĽɫĶնѣֱնȥ
ʳָһָǡꪡ֮ϣһɿֲɫâֱɳ֮ң
ʥû
Ȼţ
ñȹȥǿ󡢿ֲˣ
ô

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻһĨ֮ɫ
Ȼܹ˵ң˲𣡡
ʿָ֮һѪĵѪһĨɭޱȵɱ
׵֮ʵս˷츲صĽȫͬĲΡڵkֻһֻȽǿֻҪk΢һ棬ܹ֮kеһϸС˺ȴ˵kõk档
һɱ㣡棡
кâһɫӡҫڵk֮һսףһɫսһ³ڵkС
ϧһûƳרҵĵۼرɱѾ㹻ˣ
ɨеİһۣһĨâֱңʩչ˵kյǿɱҫɷ
һɲ֮䣬ɫĹâҫ֮䣬𶯣Ť·ֻʣһɫĹâȥ
һޱȵҫؿھͶһֲޱȵĴ󶴣ɫѪҺǿֲޱȵĴ֮񷡣
ǿȱȫ̫ǿˣ
һʹĲλһشͬҲش꣬˺ıԴ
ֻҪʲ֣߳ߣؿڵҲԲϡ
棬ҡԶҲϣ㽫ע
һʵϢ΢΢һ
룡ʣҪˣע㣡
ɭһЦӡҫϢøӵĿֲһʵǰһսꪣӢʱⳤ֮иֱ֣նȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һУһ޴ɫһ¸֣ɱһ
ɫҫȻƴȫʵĹ֮УȻȫ·磬һϵ˺ϲϵĸ֡
ʵļս֮Уγһɹɿֲޱȵ籩Щսһͱֱ˺Ƭ޷Ӱս֡
ʿʵۼǿ߽֣ҲֻʥʿϵĴڣܹӰսֻ֡沢ûЩʥĻе׼ս
ЩʥĻеÿһܶҪһԴһսȫˣ涼ʮʹ
ҹһʮʥͽĿⶼʣʱ׼һ
ʲòֳעҹһʮʥͽϣսˣkԻȽҹһʮʥͽһһݻ١
ʵĹ֮£ڵһļ˳ÿʱÿڲϵĽԽԽֲ
˿帡֣˫ȷԽԽϢҲԽԽֲ
ʥɱ䣬ԽԽǿ󣡣
ôܣڸһսʱ򣬾Ȼڲϵɱ䡢
˶ߵԴڲЩߵԴ

ЩʥߡʥŲŵɫ治ɱ䣬ԽԽǿԽԽֲ
һޱȵâһһʵĳһնһֲ˿ڣƬѪ񷡣
ˣ
kڵһˣ
ʥȻ漤սնһȱĵߣ
һµĹ
ʥֲ̫ˣ

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾
һȱĵ߼޵еĿֲڡһ۾ôǿҲ˵һߡ
澹Ȼ漤սնһȱĵߣԽǵ伮֮мŵκδڡ
棬ȥ
һŭննġסǰնһ޴ޱȵĽˡ
ؿڵ˺ۣӶеսꪣӰʴȥ˻ˡ
ܺãǾͿ˭
âɫ֮ɱһ


1298 ת
һʱת˲ȥ
˺ۣƬѪϵ䣬ԼֶѾһεɫѪ񷣬ϵġסҲ˿ڡ
ʵͬ˿ڣһεεѪ䣬ϢҲࡣ
ս룬ѾȫѹƣֻܹǿֵʵĹ
Ϊֹˣ
ʥվסʣ
ֻܹϣЩߵĵˣ

ЩַͨߵʥߡʥһĨ֮ɫ
һ޵еĵߣЩʥʿʥԼľȼһУkп˺k
ЩʥߡʥǶһػ񣬵kǵϵһ˥Ȼʳ֡
һЦһֱնɣ棬ǿϧվǵߣҪ㣡
ʣҪ㣡
һƬɫѪҺЦ
ʮһֱԾŵʥͽȻһԳԽٵĿֲٶʹȥ
ȫʢ֮ʱʮʥͽҲǵkĶܾ֡ˣʮʥͽ֣ȫпܽkܣֱɱ
һֲޱȵĹâҫЩһֱŵʮϵеսҲֱӷɳֱӷȥ
棬ɱҡͬҲɱ㣡к֣ôû׼
һЦһ֣һɫĹֱӷɳ
һɫĹһ±仯Ϊһߴǧҫˣɢһ˿˿Ϣڵһ±仯Ϊһɫ磬ʮʥͽԼʥ׻ͳͳС
һͷҫɢſֲޱȵϢӶ󽣣ֲɫ籩ʮʥͽɱһ
ɭһЦţ۴˰Ƶҫʹߣ˵kնɱ֮ǰĲǶûпˣ
ʣҪ㣡
ԡѪɭȻһЦһâıɳֳΣǡ֮ޡֱӷɳͬһеķֺʵ֮ϣһͽʳùѿѪ񷡣
ߣôܣôһ߻
һѪǷ绪ǵ㣬һĨ֮ɫʧе
ʿ֮УӵвʵֲޱȵĵߡЩ߼ڳ֮Уȴѵʱ
֪һ㣬ŸɱһһҹΪk֮У֮⣬˸ǵkĶ֡߾Ȼһ߻ȫ˵kԤϡ
һߣ
˭ʥߣôһ߻
ǿһߣ޵еĿֲڡô߳䵱һ
kʲôˣеĵ߲֮ôȻðһߣ

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥһĨ֮ɫ˶ĿɿڴԼ۾
һǿλ涥㣬Կһʳ޵ĿֲڡĴھҲʮӡһֲĴھȻΪĻֱš
۴ʥһĻ΢һ𾪺ϲԭˣصú
ǴʥҲһĨ˷֮ɫһߣȻĸԸĳΪĻİţֱһ漣ʥɲ⣡
ս룬Ӷš֮ޡʲϳȥһ֮ǡ֮ޡҫʵĻ磬ڵk֮ϣÿһὫʵѪ˺ѣֱɡ
ɫӡҫʻһɫĹâȥ
һɲ֮䣬ʱɳʮһɫĴ󽣺ݺݵնǳ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľһ±һǳʳ߳溣ʿ֮γɵǳӡһ±նѿ
ʮǳһ𶯣֮϶һ˿˿Ѻۡ
ǴʥɫһףһѪһըѿѪӿ
Ǵʥɫ԰׿Цһ£ǿÿһ߹Ȼǹ֮еĹȫͬһֲεʥȻֹܹս̶ֳȣǿ£
ѾˣȻˣȻһͷǳʳ֮ʿȫķӡսֱ졣
ֻǳʳγɵǳվסһ˲һ綾һġ֮ޡʱ赲һ˲䣬ݺݵĳʵıϣһ½ʵļ׵ֱӳ顣
һɿֲޱȵ֮һ±ֱճǡ֮ޡϡ
Խգʵǰȭǣ̺ſֲ׵壬ĺʵϡ
ʵһըѿѪ񷣬һɫڵk֮ϣõkӲĳסĹ

˫۳죬һŭ𣬻ӡҫһҫɫԵļʸͬǰֱȥ
Ŀ䣬˿ûջء֮ޡ˼ӶһСȭͷɫԵļʸ֮ϣɫԵļʸһһ顣
һҧһ֣һɢϢƲİԲֱӸ֣ޱȵӡһ·ɳһ䣬γһֱӹ档
ǹϣ۽Լ걾Դָ˲ָkԵkԺȻĴkһƵ֮
㱻ǰ֮Уüͷ΢΢һ壬Ӷ˫ȭݺݵĺǰ֮ϡ
¡¡
ֲıը֮ǰ֮вǲƲİԲҲһ¶һѺۣҡҡ׹ʱܱ
ЩƵ֮Ҳ԰ۼǿһɱǶڵ˵ҪٵЩƵֻ֮ʱ⡣
ʱס֮󣬻Ѫڣһ»һֲޱȵɫ޽ݺݵնʱʳõķ֮ϡ
¡
ʱʳõķҲһն顣
һӡǳһɽѡضɽҡһĩյľ
۴ʥüһʹһεѪϵ䣬һըѿһѪˡ
ʱڵ֮е߼һ¸֣ڡâҫһޱȵĹֱӺһֱӺȥ
ͷһˣʥô޴Ĺ򲻵Ҳǰ״
һЦһ±ǡڡĹֱɣȫʧ
һ˿˿ҫһ´֮⸡֣ȫܹǡڡľһ
ֻһ̣ʵɫͱѿޱȡ
ǡڡĹһһºǲޱȵİԲ֮ϣǲޱȵİԲֱӱһںƬ
ֱӴǰ֮зɳӡҫǡ֮ޡݺһʵһʵ߹ֱӺ顣
ǡ֮ޡһͬһֲľһĲʵϷʵһĽ顣
һĨϷɶҲģʥɸҹƽһսֻҪܹƽһսʤҡԸⷢģΪЧ


1299 
ҲҪū
ֳ֮߳֡ꪡһꪴ̳ʵڣһɿֲޱȵ֮ʵıԴ֮
Ҳնˣ
ڿʥʱȴҲǿʱ򡣡
ϧΪʲôͬھ
ҪǺͬھǾˡ

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥ֮УһĿĶ棬ĿⲻʱƮ
ʱѾӽ;ƿݣΪʱһʥֱܹնɱǰ˵̰ͳͳնϡ
֮Уӡʵһ˿ӡǱ
һɲ֮䣬Բ֮ڵӿ
һâҫ̺Ÿ淨֮һ¸֣ޱȵĹâ
ˣ
ʱʥˣ
֮ǵ߽ʱŻӵеû뵽ʱ֣񵽼㡣ʥҲǺ񰮵˼㡣

ʥߡʥǿ֣֮жһ˿˿֮ɫ
Ӧûǳ䡢Ѫյ󡣲Ȼʿ׵ߣ֮ȴŹӡǣŻܵʿų⡣
һ֮һ⣬һûڡ
ಿλǱ䴩ĴҲܼٶȿʼѸٵ
ڲ֮λԼʮλ֮УɫƷڹһɫ˿ǽɫ֮ء
գʱնˣ
ǽգʱʥնˣ
ʥδĵھʿʵۡȻǿޱߣ
ѾʥеĵˣûнߣѾԽ˳֮
䣡ǿһߣȻʥУʥʵѾȵߣ

ǲ֮λ֮УʿһƬڣ˷ܣ۷׷ס
ȴһƬĬ彻õ֮⣬û̫延
ʱˣ
սħ֦մ½֮ϵһ֮ڣټһ˫ۣһʥ֮
Բ֮еĽɫ˿ϯһգһУûټȵڡ
ʥʿսħֶһʥʿ
սħڵĵֱ̣øǿˣ

Щսħڵһսħ֮ڶĿֲУһĨ֮ɫ
Щ޲óֽټֱնɱȴɵûһ˸ҳ֡
һɹڲ֮λ֮ڶЩڲ֮λĸǷ׷ͻƣʥʿ
䣬գǽʥʿʱʱͻƽʥʿԻþ޴ĺô
һŽɫϷ֣Ƭɫ˿ϣꡣ
һֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣һ̣֮һŽɫֱɵøɸɾ
һ˫ۣޱȵľ˫֮š
ûлˣ
ɶôûиͬھ

Щʥߡʥж޵Ķ⣬ʧƬʧ
һâҫ۴ʥԼʥһ·ɵߡ
֮пһһĨ⣺֮⣬Ȼû˳֡kѵͲʻ֮󣬽kһ𣿡
ʼսʱһЩǿ߶Ѿֻǳʿ֮⣬û֧ԮֻһԹۡ
۴ʥһĨâkǶưѾʮֲֻ»ͬھ
Ǵʥüͷ΢΢һ壺ѹ£ܹɳһֻһֻԶԶ档ȴһɢɳǰ
ưռƬ֮أ嶼ϣܹƴܾˡkһڱʵȴĻᡣ
ʥȻʵʥܹܲߣ
ڳʥʿĿⶼһ¼ϡ
ʱ֮޷׵ߣ
˫һ¸ֳصӡȥ۲֮еķ򻺻
˵һֻ֮ҪһԴа׵ߡϧʺճһٽ׵ߣʱΨһһ֮λռݡ
ЩʥʿжһĨϧ֮ɫҲһЩʥʿһĨϲ
浭ʮ֮ҽڲ֮λ濪ھʿʳɻʳΪɻʳ֮֮
һ仰֮ӴޱȵĽӱֱʧԶ
ʥȻҪھʿʳ
ʮҪھʿʳɻûнߣʲôʸ񿪴ھʿʳ
ߣʥߣһһ֧֣Ȼʸ񿪴ھʿʳ
һ߱Ͼ壡һֵ֧ʿǶλҲ
㲻ߣʥʵҲѾ޵Уھʿʳʲôԣ
ʥȷʵ޵УǵȵЩߵĵ֮ЩߵĶֻ֡Ϊ˴ʿʳ꽨ʱ򣬿ɶսе֣߳Ҫİ˴ʿʳʥʵ㣬סЩΧô죿

Ļһڲ֮λħ֮ڣһκˡʿ۷׷ס
֮󣬿ھʿʳôȻ飬ûֵܹɴơ
ϾֻһۣȻа벽֮ңһ֧֣۴ʥҲ֧濪ھʿʳ
һĵھʿʳضԴռʿ֮һ֮أš
Դô࣬ռˣȻҲռˡ
һھʿʳͻӶԴΪáЩ֮еĵҲòָ档
İ˴ʿʵ۾Щѵĵ߼սߴʿʵʤЩѵĵߣ޵аĳƺš֮սܣֻܹز֮λ档
ʮ֮濪ھʿʳӣضǿǰеǰ桢ֱһս
ʿ֮һޱȣؽ֮еĹǡ
һȺʮϣͨ廷ŽɫëĹԳһɫļ̳֮ǰϵš
Ϊ׵һͷëԳɢŰۼĿֲϢ
ǽɫļ̳ӡҫŽɫ⡣ϷһŤޱȵĺǺ֮УһźɫʯѲϳһ˿˿ֲޱȵĵǺɫʯ֮лѹķ
Ǻɫʯ֮ڴһʥûнߣҪھʿʳǿʮ꣬Ҳ㹻۳һ߿ߵˡ


1300 ħսԳ
ʿڵ棬һű޾ˮǵǳһޱȵɫ
ɫĹ룬һɫļ̳
ɫļ̳·βòǿа˾ŷƵĳ
ɫ̳룬һɫĺʢһɫ˯һһͷɫףǵľŮ
һ˿˿Ůϻ
ھʿʳʥȻʱ򣬿ھʿʳǴ󵨣ϧעʧܣûԸ⿴ʱ򣬿ھʿʳ
һǿޱȵƬص
涼漴ھʿʳϢ𶯣һڳ֮еĵߣҲʼѡ
ͬĸԶʱʹĵߺѴӳ֮ѣвͻᱻʱķ֮ɣͬһ긯
ʱЩִȽϽӽĵһĴۣҲǿѡ
ʱնɱ֮Ļʼ츲صı仯
涼ڲϵѣ֮λ桢ʮλ涼ڲϵѣԪŨ˼㡣ѾЩѡ
ھʿʳ֮Ҳʼѡ
ʱʳɻʳǳʳͬھʿʳΪھʿʳһ֡
ħʳʳħʳʿѡ˶ûдھʿʳ֮С
ߴ໥Э̶Ըдǿ棬Ҳûʸ֮һʥʿ¡
һھʿʳΪھʿʳ֮ӵȨµκʿһۼǿߣҲΥ
֮Уǿʿһ˵Ҫĵھʿʳ׷ɳʹߣǰżھʿʳˡ
ãã֮УӵǳʿΪʧܣòܳ׷ɱЩʿ֮Укüʵڰ˴ʿʳĿֲڡ
ʿ֮⣬ǿޱȵĳҲ׷ɳʹߣҪĵھʿʳ
İ˴ʿʳÿһʳ֮УдԾСǿ߶ǰ˴ʳ֮Ĺǰ˴ʿʵĵĲºսѡ
ЩǰͶĳ壬ҲûоܾӣЩ̸Уھʿʳ顣
һ޾ֵĽء
ؾǵΪĵĽ֮һǰۼǿûлɣҲýС
һ˿˿ҫһӰ֮߳һ̤֮ڡ
أֻʿʵ۲ܹ룡ʲôˣ
һŭ֮֮дһųɫʿۣɢŴʥ˴֮߳ȵ
ʥʥ棡
һʥԿӰ˶ʱɫ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫһʥʮֱǸصػشʥջܣֻʿʵ۲ܹ룬¡
ɨشʥһ۵ʮҽھʿʳھҪȥסҡ
شʥЦʥ֮ڣӵʱ֮ӡһͷħսԳkӵеߵʵػصĻܡҪȥֻܹܵk֮⣬Щػػֻǲ徫Ӣװ
һĨ̾ʱ֮Ȼܹӡһ߼ĹħսԳ˲𣡣
κһ߼ĴڶǿٳԼĵ·ͬ޵еĿֲڡÿһ߶ǼޱȡĸĴڡ
ԥĽɱΪʮԼܽһߡ
ȫ洴ĴڣΪܹȫȫεk
ʱ֮꾹Ȼܹһߣҽ֮ʹ£ֶμֱ졣
ûκԥһ̤֮С
ʥЦŸ˽ȥȻסҲǣ޵ôܻᱻȰˣ
һף̺صʥ߽룬Ҳᱻصţֲ嶫ϱ
˫ޱȵľ⣬ȥһ۾Ϳ֮ʵ
ֻ֮Уһ·ֱͨһ޴ޱȵıһ֮µӡʥ貵Ĺâ
һ֮ǰһߴʮ׵͸ˮˮ֮УһͷëɢһɰԵϢħԳ
ħսԳ
һĨȵս⣬˱֮ǰ
Ǳ֮ǰ͸ˮӡҫһѽʮ飬һħսԳһ˫ۣһɰԵ׿ֲޱȵĵѹӵk֮
˯úһʱսࣿʲô֣
ǹħսԳչһ壬ֱ˵ϣ޵߷緶ĵʵ
΢΢һЦħսԳǰҽ棡ھʿʳ֮֮
ħսԳһЦھʿʳ֮˲㻹ֻǰۣܹھʿʳ˲𣡣ھʿʳѾʱ֮ԤԣӦĩٵˡʱ֮ԼһػԴ֮һΣ棬Ҫȥ뱾Դ֮ͱսʤҡȷҪһսҿɲˮ
Ȼ֮ǰһ¡ǰ뿪˵أɻΪУ
ħսԳһߣ޵еĿֲڣһܹһλ档ǵkΪУ˵ֱһѡ
ħսԳЦǲҡȻҲԵ޹Ϊ塣Һʱ֮ԼΪkػһԴ֮kҳ˯һֱ񣬻ʱǰǰĽңȻĵھʿʵۣ¼֮⣬Ҳûǰͽҹħˣ
ħսԳȻս죬ǲͨҷӡķֻܹʱ֮
ʿʷ֮У߶ΪͨҷӡֻܹԪľ긯࣬һѿݹǡ
Щܹҷӡ˯ʱⳤ֮еĵÿһǿޱȿֲޱߡ
滺ʱǿơֻһ
ħսԳ˫ޱȵɣ֮ϴЦ⣺ˣҲҪʱһ̤㣬Ԫһվữһѻʮ꣬ʲô壿ΣҶ㣬㲻ܹ࣡ʱ콾棬ָо̫ˣ
ȷʵܹʱ콾棬̫ˡħʱĵһ֣ң
汻ǹħսԳĺȾȵս⣬ס֮ӡҫһУꪡһ¸С


1301 ܹħսԳ
Сӣϲһȭҿɲ飬ˣ
ħսԳһĨ֮ɫӡҫһƬޱߣ޾Ĺ⺣һ¸֡
κ溣µĴһ˫ۿһƬ⺣ͻᱻϹ˫ۡ
һſԹᴩ񷣬׻һĿֲȭͷǿĹ⺣֮иֱ֣Ӻȥ
ȭͷ֮ţ˫۶һ˲ֱ֮ʧ
ǡꪡֱӷɳſֲޱȵĲһնȭͷ֮ϡ
¡
һ֮Уֱӱɰ֮ңֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
Դ֮ǰԳһС磬ɵ֮ļսӡǱԴ֮ħսԳֵĳ
شʥС֮еһ俴һĻһĨ𺳣ǿ£ʥʷֲľ콾Ȼڰ֮͵ס˹ħսԳһ߿鱨Ȼ١һ
ȻܹסһȭھʿʳĻʵۣ
ħսԳ˷һЦһȭһȭԦ޾Ĺ⺣ֱӺȥ
Ӷꪡϵֵϱɣһ˿˿Ѫ
̫ˣ棬̫ˣ̶ֳֻȣĳ֮ȲôȻ뿪ھʿʳǳ˵ΣҸұ֤ĵھʿʳڳһ˲䣬˺顣
ħսԳüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨʧ֮ɫֹͣ˹
ħǿʼڶغϣһóǿ״̬һս̬
ǡסâҫһģģӰǡס֮и֣һںһ
һɿֲףѹļ˻ģ޵еĿֲϢ֮ѹķ
·ϵĵۼر˲رȻ̶ܹȣ̫ˣ״̬㣬ʸȫһս
ħսԳһĨ˷֮ɫսⲪһȭԦ޾Ĺ⺣ȥ
һѪɫĹâ֮лƣһѪ֮һ¸֡
Ѫ궯ǻ˵һϧȵkԶˡһȫʢʱ򣬿ԱƵҶһѹѪ궯ֻܹİѹѪ궯
ħսԳһĨ֮ɫһ˿ѹѪ궯һȭȥ
һȭһֻɫĶǴȭ֮һɫĹһڹħսԳȭͷ֮ϡ
¡
ǿӲӲըѿֲޱȵĳħսԳһɳ￪⡣ǽ΢΢һΡ
شʥĿɿڴԼ۾ȻڹħսԳ֮ϡǹħսԳһߣӵĲ֮

ħսԳһĨ˷֮ɫԦ⺣ȭֱӺȥ
ӡ֮и֣һƬޱߣ޾ɫֱӸ֣ǹħսԳֱӾȥ
޾ɫһǹħսԳϵİëһ˿˿
ʲô壿ǹ죡ҿɴûм
ħսԳһĨ⣬صӡֱӸ֣һȭһƬ޾֮пֲĹâ񷣬һƬ޾ֱӺɷ顣
һƬһ˲䣬ǡꪡֱӷɳһꪴ˹ħսԳţ˵kڣ֡
ħսԳһĨ֮ɫȭһǡꪡ֮ϣֲޱȵǡꪡֱӺɡ
صӡҫǹħսԳ֮ϵǸ˿ھܼٶֱ
ǹħսԳâӶ˫ȭԦ޾Ĺ⺣ȥ
ʩչʲôķǹħսԳԦŵ޾⺣顣
ħսԳâȵһȭâ飺棬ʲô£ʹ㼼ˣôעҪҵУ
кâһӡҫһ»һֿһеĿֲڶǹħսԳֱӾȥһɲǱ㽫ǹħսԳС
ɰ壡ҿ
ħսԳһĨ֮ɫһŭ˫ȭǿһеĿֲڶֱӺȥ
޾Ĺ⺣һ±·ҪɺڶֱӺ顣
һޱȵӡǺڶ֮両֣һ޾Ĺ⺣ֱɡ
һӡǹħսԳ֮ϸ֣εס˵kԴkӶ˫ȭһʮȭͼǸɺڶֱӺ顣
ֻǹħսԳι޷ɺڶֱӺ顣
ħսԳֹͣ˹һĨ͵˲棬һΣҰˣ
ɺڶһ±ʧ¶Ӱ
濴ǻһӡ֮еĹħսԳûаܣ
ȥҪƴˣֻǴӦʱ֮һ½ߵʸ񣬿ûдΪⲻֵһСƴҺʱ֮ԼΪֹټˣ档
ħսԳ΢΢һЦһֲޱȵĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬طʧ
濴ʧԶĹħսԳһĨ֮ɫħѾߡеĵѣѾΪʱԶ
ħսԳʱ֮ͬһʱǿߡҲǾִĵ֮һΪˣʱ֮ʱķkܹھͿߡ
ҲζһЩִΪӽĵѾѣߡ
潫еֱԺ󣬿һԴ֮һĨ֮ɫǱԴ֮ȥ
ǱԴ֮УӡҫһȦȦֲޱȵĲǿޱȵų֮ϣȻһۼǿҲᱻǿֲޱȵų֣֮޷ӽһԴ֮
һƽһɿֲޱȵų֮£һǰߣ̤һԴ֮ڡ
شʥһĨ֮ɫȥˣֻʿʵ۲ܹıԴ֮˲𣡲ʥ
һԴֻ֮ʿʵ۲ܹСʷ֮Уоžޣͬ޵еİͼ֮Щ۶ĹħսԳشΨһ˿ڰ̤֮֮
֮ڣһ֮ϣʮ̡
һ˿˿âҫʱ֮ͶӰ֮ڣkһſɢϢĺɫʯͷʮ֮ϡ
ʱ֮΢Цʱ֮Ѱ£ҵʮԴʯ˵أΪĵ̡ߣЩԴʯϣǽҲܹЩĵߡ岻ڵȫޣ衣
һĨâ̾ʱ֮Ȼȳ
Դʯʱ䣬ֻ߲ܹ죬ޱȣӵзǷ
ڵ˵kѾλۣ֮ҪʮѡһЩҲ޷ӳkǵԴʯֻͬҪӵһԴʯһѾ긯࣬˥˼㣬Ҳٰꡣ


1302 ʿʵ
˴ʿʵ֮Уʱ֮ʱ̡ΪkǴǿƵĹʱһ·ɱյǶ۷ǿߡ
ʱǿơʱܹ֮֮ͬαԴ֮ˡkҲƳʱ֮֡޵УжԵĵһһܡѹӡɱ
ʮԴʯȻʱ֮ıԴ֮ˣõkһǧȫûκ⡣ʱ֮ʱľͨͬʬһڰ˯ѵĹ֮жꡣ
ʱ֮ȷǷʮޱȵԴʯ츣ˡȣ硣
һ˿˿ҫһսףĿĽ֮ĽʮԴʯȫߡ
һͶӰʧ֮һͶӰ֣֮ʮԴʯֱ𣬷ŵ֮ϣͬʱ֮ϷźɫĿʯ
ǽ֮ͶӰ֮дһɽʮԴʯšõĲ֣ԭʯ
ԭʯҲһ䡣˵֮У֮ĵһǴһԭʯ֮еĴڡ
һԭʯһ߼ȻʿֶΣҲԭʯһ߼ˣԭʯҲΪĿʯ֮һ
ԭʯκһŶܹΪ޵е۱֮ĺĲϡ
֮ͶӰʧ֮һͶӰҫӢʮħֱ֮֮ϵı˼һЦûǰ˵Ҳ޵䣡
һɫĹâ΢΢һǴһɫǳʿۣ׵ǳ֮֮ǰЦҵ츳ȲλͣЩҾˡ
ûκԥǳ֮֮ϵбͳͳȡߣת뿪
ûжãһǳ֮ٴγͶӰ֮УֻǴʱĵk緢ɢһ޵а
ʮԴʯ޸ԭʯҲһŴҵרرЩ£ҲЩջشѰˣ
ǳ֮΢΢һЦĿԴʯԭʯŻأȻ˶ʮޱȵĵرǶʮֵĵرÿһֵļֵȲԴʯǼļֵȴԶԶǳ֮ȡõǳԴʯԼԭʯ
һ˿˿ŤĹâҫһϢ֮Уһ֮˽
ãȴûҪģģ
֮ɨ֮ϵıһۣһֱ̾Ӵ뿪
һâ΢΢һǻŸرħ֮֮ǰ֮ϵĸֲϣ۾΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
ԴʯԭʯѪŻ֮ᣬѾϡ̫ˣ
ħ֮һĨ˷֮ɫ֮ϵıһɨգתȥ
һâ΢΢һǿޱȣɢر֮ħ֮ͶӰٴγ֡
ĿԴʯһţһֱӷֽоһһԴʯϸĵرһ桾֮ܡҵ߽ĵرƶɵĵۼرҵĺ󱲣ҵ߽ӵнǱرֵԶЩ֮ϣƣͶһܹδҪлң
ħ֮һЦһԴʯԼһƴСӡİ׽ƷǸ֮ϡ
Ȼûп֮ͳ֮֮Ǳħסǿ֮ΪʲôûеkӰ
һᣬû˵ͶӰ֣һĨɻ֮ɫȻǰһԴʯԼһ׽ơ֮ܡС
ԴʯһУԴԴϵֱûڣϵ޸ơ
һսͬˣǽӽԴˡǸƲûȫָֻ˰ˣԴʯ֮£ϵİҲʼȬ
һסǡ֮ܡһɿֲޱȵ־ǡ֮ܡдѹȥ
ǡ֮ܡ̺ŵĿֲ־ԽӴκһۼرͨİ۶ֵסǡ֮ܡĿֲ־ᱻѹΪǡ֮ܡķ²
صӡҫת֮мŵطԼʶ֮۳ͣʩչǿޱȵĹɱطǡ֮ܡγɵһֲ޶ܺȥ
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һʶ֮бǡ֮ܡγɵľ޶ܱòϵĲһ˿˿ҫ
֮սѾһͨĵߣɱطǿֲסֻι޷һ桾֮ܡγɵĿֲ޶ܡ
һ桾֮ܡ޵Уվû˼Ԧ޷ṩԴԴϵ֧֡
ĸСʱ֮󣬴һ桾֮ܡдһ˿˿ѱ˵Ĵڡ
һ桾֮ܡһĨϲɫħ֮˵ĹȻһ桾֮ܡ൱ڶһ
ħʳֱ֮Ϊرʳħ֮Ҳ˴ʿʵ֮ǿһˡ۱սħ֮ԱȲ޵а޵аȴȲϵk
ܼԼֲϵƣħ֮пƳһ֮
⡾֮ܡħ߽֮֮һӵпֲޱȵķӵн׳Ϊ֮Ǳ
뽫ǡ֮ܡǡ֮ܡһһö׽ָɵʳָ֮ϡ
ȻһЦԸı
ӵԵıﶼϲ봢ռ֮ڣϲЯ߷ڸħܡԪĵطһkǾܹոħܡԪԼ˵ϵĽ
Ϊרرǡסֻڼ֮£Ż뿪塣ǡסϵǿ棬ͬҲǿ
֮һȰɵĴţƿֱ˽ȥ
Ǵ֮һƬӴԴ֮硣
һԴ֮ʱֶ֮ΣסһС汾Դƶɵ
һ֮У̺һ˿˿汾ԴĿֲ
ĿԶ֮Уӵǳÿһǳ֮Уصӡ̺޵аߵ·ĺۼ
΢΢һΣһž޴ޱȵǳһ¸֮С
ԴԴϵ汾Դֱ֮ɣ޸һս֮ŵְˡ
ϵ˲ϵʧͬʱÿһ֮䣬ڲϵĽɱ䣬ԽԽֲ
һӰıɳֳΣ㡣k˫۸ֳصӡһݻΪһǳǱԴ̺֮ŵ汾Դ֮ͬҲڲϵĽɱ䡣


1303 ߸
ʱţʱת˲š
֮λһƬɳĮ֮УȻӿ޾ɫˮһƬɫɳĮγһƬɫĺ
ǿ߷ƵǿƬ֮л
ºʸգ
һ׵İۼǿߴƬ֮߳棬˾޴ķ籩
ºʣǹʱһŮۣ
ºǱʱ֮һʱĵߣһŮۣ
е߽ˣ
ԭʯѩ˵ĲºʣһΪʯѩºת֮

ºһž¡ħ֮Уһһֲޱȵķ籩ǿ۷׷ס
һǿ߿ڵºѣĵҲѲԶʱʱ
һǿҲħ֮зԣʱΨһһ׵ߵѾռȥʥ޷׵ߣôǿҲֻǵ֮µĵһˣ
ǿ߷ʥǿ󣬶һһ߸ǵߣҲʤƵߣԿĵھʿʳ
һǿ߿ڵһ߱Ͼֻˣʥ̫ΪھʿʵۣkھʿʳֻΪ¡

ħ֮Уǿ໥֮䣬۲ݡ
ЩȻ壬֮УϾֲĴ򡣶ĺһ·֪ɱ˶ǿСʥߡʥΪ̤ʯ󲿷ֵ嶼ʥ֮ɫ䣬ºûг֮ǰû˻ΪС
Щǿ߾ħ֮ݡ
ǿ߷׷ѡͶºʣºһһǿ
ʱţһת˲š
һޱȵɽ֮УȻһҵֱӿѣһߴ·ֱɢ貽ľ޴ɽֱӸ֡
Ǵǳľ޴ɽһʥϢŨһųƽҶӡʥɽۡ
ŽɫëĹԳʥ֮лıQš
ëԳ۸䣡
һۼĽëԳ俪ڵٴһſֲޱȵķ籩
ëԳҲǹʱ֮һֲޱȵĵߣ˵֮Уkɱһͷ鼶롣
һ߸ˣ
İλҪҡˣ
ܹסʥˣ
۸գʱҲʥʱˣ

ЩһǽëԳ۸գһĨ˷֮ɫȸԾ˷ޱȡ
˴ʿʳѹ棬֮ӶԴʿĽŲ鲼棬Ƶø岻ϵá
ΪˣǸΣյʱ򣬶һԹۡƾǿɱ
ڰʿʳ֮屾Ѿʽ΢ǿ֮ٴνеѹô
۸գǿ߲ЩС˻˳㣬ûĿܡ
Ҳʱ֮Ĵ֮£ü֮ìܣϵսźô𡣲ҲǴ⣬żߵìǿ
߸ˣʥ֪Ҳҽھʿʳ
ǿߣʥھʿʳkǻԸʥƽһʥھʿʳkǾԲ
ǿߣʥߵһص߿Եסһˣ˭סһˣ

ħ̳֮Уǿ۷׷ףǿߵ֮ж͸¶һ֮ɫ
һЩ֮ǰһֱ֧ǿҲЩҡǱϾ߸գÿһ߶ͬ޵У£Ŀֲڡ
ʵոս׵ߣѾܡ֣Ѿɱ
ºʡëԳ۶ƵߣȻ޵аĿֲڣͬѰֵĿֲڣʵ֮ϡ
ʵֻǸոս׵ߣڵߵûȫաºʵkǿɶǻµϹܹҷӡʵ֮ǿֱƿֲ
ǿߵĹע֮£ǵھʿʳĳﱸڼᶨޱȵĽš
һʱת˲š
ʮھʿʳʽ
һϢսħ֦մ½֮ڴһ־˵ٶȴ档
Ȼĸҽھʿʳ
ֻһۣ
Ƿ񣡣ʷһʿʵˡǳ֮꽨ǳʳʱҪ
ϧռʱΨһһ׵ߵλáȻضܹ׵ߣΪһֲޱȵĵߣ

һ֮ħ֮и֣嶼濪ĵھʿʳ֮УҲв顣
ħ֮ôھʿʳĳｨȻɵĽš
һޱȵĹһĹ
һɫʿ۵߶ħһĨâһ˿˿ۼĿֲھʿʳʥǺôǡǵھʿʳܹ˵ϣȹĩ١
һâ΢΢һһɫʿ۵ԭʧ
һޱȵĹ֮У鲼ïܵĴ֣Ǵ֮洦ɼɢſֲĶ档
в׵ľ޴󶾳棬Ǵ֮д໥ɱ
һֻ峤ߴһǧڱβĽɫԶſһһȦȦɫĲִء
һͷͷɢϿֲ涼ǽɫֱС
ھʿʳʥǵ֮޵еĴڡҲվֻһߣȻǿнھʿʳҵҪôģ
ǽɫâһʧ
ãã֮УâҫһһʥʩչطԽգŲ֮λ
Ҳֻʥ۷ǿߣܹرϽпռԾԽǧľ֮λ档
ھʿʳĽϵ֮ı仯һĵھʿʳ彫ôƣҲܵľˡ
ϾһҪһǿͳһ濹⡣
ʱһת˲š
ʮա
սħ֦մ½һǴ½֮д˷
֮λ涼ǻֺ޴
ʼˣھʿʳĽ䣡
ǾƵһ죡
ܹư棬Ǳ䷲Ϳһˣ
עʧܣ
ھʿʳǾٺòǿԳûϺݺݵҧһڣ

ǲ֮λ֮еǿĿһ¼ħ֮ϣעھʿʳֱ
ֻЩʥ߻߸ʸսħ֦մ½μʽĽ䡣ЩͨǿߣһʿǿߣҲûʸսħ֦մ½


1304 
սħ֦մ½룬һռƽľ޴󹬳룬һ̻Իͣӡ
Уһŵۼرħ֮һˣ档
һ˿˿ֲޱȵĵǡħ֮ޱȵɡһۼرŴ˳ʷ̨֮䵽С
֮ڣʿŵǿڡħ棬һĨâ
һھʿʳȷ湫ϣǡħһۼرܹӳֲޱȵܡ
һʿʳΪǿʱ⡾ħԲһߡۡʮʥʮʥʿ
ǡħĵȻԪõȸ涼ԶԶȲĵߡվһ߼ǿߣս׺ףвĵߡ
ħ֮ų˫幫ϵһǿߡԶʿʵۣͬҲԽ֮κʿΨд˵֮еܹ֮Խk
ƾַ˼ǿޱȵرħ֮ղܹ£޵һʱ
û뵽ȥҴһСɫھȻΪ˴˵֮еʿʵۣ
һ䣬մĻʵ۰ڡħ֮ϵ棬Ÿޱȵ顣
Ǹ߸ϵĶĻʵۣ溣۷Ŀֲǿߡոո¶ͷǵʱ򣬲Žֻһ»ʿ
Ѿǿھʿʳ֮ҰĲİȴֻһʿǿߡ
һʿǿڹȥ޵еս֮Уһʿ֮佻սʸûС־޴Ȼð飬иޱȡ
ǡħ·ѩšʯŮǵ·һ潵İۡ
Щ֮£һ潵Ĵʥʥߡ
һֲޱȵϢЩǿߵ֮ѹȵǿ߶
һǴʥʥ֮λ·ǿߣϴŻϲޱȵЦݡ
·ǿ֮Уڻһ˵Ǵ˵֮еĴڡЩ˵֮еȴֻܹ֮£оˬ͸ˡ
ǿöۡʥʥߣ
ʥȻôǿߣ
ʥߵھʿʳѾ˿ȥ˴ʿʳ
ϧһʱĵ֮λռȥˡʥܹǶ֮λҲܹʵĳΪĵھʿʵۣ

֮ŵĶ֮иʿŵ졣ǿ֮ϵ棬ж¶һ˿˿ϧ֮ɫ
֮·֮󣬾޵Уɨһеˡ֮һĿֲ߶С
۵ҶֻҪ治ضܹԽ֮ˣ׵ߣ̤򣬳Ϊĵھʿʵۡ
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ǹ۾ȻԸָԼ㱾ԴʴԽ棬ٵ磬ǿн׵ߣʱΨһĵ֮λռݡ
Ȼһ߼ǿ֧֣ĵھʿʳȻû̫˿á
ħʳʥݵ
֮ϲ֮ɻʳССɾ⣬£
ʥħʳʥ˴ʥ˽һ񣬽һݴֱϣȻһϯλ֮¡
ʳʬʥݵ
һŨ֮Уһʬһ㣬ȴɢһ˿˿ۼʬʥʳһʥʥ˴֮ڡ
֮ϲɻʳ
ʬʥޱһȻһݴϣȻԼϯλ֮¡
ħʳǧʥݵ
һòرħ֮ƵĿ̤˴֮ڣһʥʥߡ
ħ֮
һһޱȵ꣬Ŀ΢΢һһ¶֮ɫκˡ
֮ڡԴ֮Уμħ֮ͶӰħ֮겨ҲʮϤ
һħ֮ƵĿϵ겨ħ֮겨оųơ
֮ϲ֮ɻʳħʳСϣܹϲǡħһ
ǧʥ΢΢һЦָһţһɫˮһ¸֣һһ·С
ӹһɫˮϸһһĨ֮̾ɫ
һöɫˮӵ޾£롾ħȫϡһɫˮ롾ħ֮ڣͿǡħһ¥
ǡħֻܹһ߼Ļʳʦһɫˮں֮ǡħļ޾ͱܹ߼Ļʳʦ
߼ĻʳʦԿһͨĵߡ
л
֮ͰˣһҲֻܹá
ǧʥ΢΢һЦʮĴħʳǿԼϯλ֮ϡ
峤ݵ

ʳİ۽֮һǿ׷Ϻۣʥơ
֮ݵ
һȻǻɢһ˿˿ѹİϣһ̤֮ڣһɺޱߣֲ׵Ĳӵk֮лϯķ
ڰϣ޵վһһŮʹÿһʹɢŰۼĿֲܡ
֮
ڰʿʵ۳֮
kͨطˣ
Ӱϣ޹Ȼǳ֮󡣡
߲ƣĵھʿʵ۶ڰʿʵۣǾײ
һɽݶ֮Ȼ֣кϷˣ
޵еʿʵҪײˣ

ǹ֮ڣЩʿһĨ֮ɫЩǿǶ¶ֻɫ
֮˫֮ҫڵ棬㻹ûнߣǸ㻹ûʸȥ־磬ɣֻҪҳػʳ֮УҿԳŵΪҵڰʿʳΨһļ̳ˣǶ֮λ
濪ڵ֮Һ㡣ֻҪҵɻʳҿԽʳһʦ֮λø㡣ĵλҲҺ֮£
ԭĵֽ㣡
㣿k˭ôû֣
㣬kѵһûڵ伮֮мصĵߣ

֮еǿĻһвϵĲ²š
֮һĨŭɫһԶʵĲӵk֮ϯķʿʵ۱ǵߣֻΪ棬㲻ⳡ־硣ôֻֽܹѹΪһ


1305 ֮ܳ
ǡħ֮ϷǾȥսһָ£˭ѹ˭
֮һЦһԭʧôĿϣ㵽ʱҪڣ
΢΢һΣֱû֮С
һƬտޱȣ֮ڶûһǳ֮Уâ΢΢һֳǳ֮档
һֲޱȵʥֱӽ٣Զߡ
֮ޱȵĳԵ棬֮ս֮սڲĵ֮һһľ˿ûʸ롣
һ߼Ŀֲǿʮǰһͬѹչֳ˼Ϊֲս֮ɲͬʱΪС
浭û⣡֮һһĹƽ֣
ܺãȻˣ͸Ұܰɣ
֮кâһĬģֱӸ֣γһֲֻޱȵĴѹȥ
֮гŸַ֮ƬնסطơֻͨٶȰǿ߲пӹֵĿֲһ
̫֮ˣ
˫֮оâҫһЦһУɫĹâ貣γһƬޱ޼ʵɫɫʸͬһֱӺȥ
ǿֲޱȵɫʸ֮£һֻĿֱֱֲһ顣
⻯ɫļʸֱų֮ȥ
ʵ֮壡
ǿʥȻʵ֮壡
ÿ£ɰĶ㡣ɱߵΪã
֮ǿǿȵ߼Ŀֲ

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǿޱ޼ʵĿֲһĿɿڴг𺳡
κһʿʵ۶طӦԸָӵǵkǿطԼ·ϵطҲֻԼϵ·طܹӳ߼Ŀֲ
澹ȻɵļԦʵ֮壬ҷӳ߼Ŀֱֲ졣
֮һĨŭɫָһţĳγһֲޱȵĳؽ絲˵kǰ
ɫļʸǳؽ֮ϣһ˿˿
ҿ
ɫļʸ֮УȻֳ֣֡ꪡŰԵ׵Ϣݺһն£һǳؽնѿ˳ų֮նȥ
֮ɫ䣬һʩչطһֱӸ֡
ǡꪡᴩ񷣬նһУǿֲޱȵķͳͳն飬նڳ֮֮ϣնһֲޱȵ˿ڣ·Ҫ֮նѿƬѪӳ֮˿֮е񷡣
֮Ȼˣ
ôܣǿǳ֮ĵڰʿʵۣ
̫ˣʥȻʮ֮ڣֽ˿ֲĽֲ̫ˣ
սѾһĵߣ̫ˣ
ǿԿھʿʳľ콾̫ǿˣ֮

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥŲ֮ɫ԰֮ʣѾ˲šѾѹƳ֮ĵڰʿʵֱۣһ漣
ǿ֮Уҫһ½ǡꪡɡ
ͬһ޵ս񣬻Ӷꪡ˷ų֮նȥ
֮ʩչѾʧĶطȴȻһһȥ֮ϣһ¶һ˺ۣһεεѪ񷡣
Ȼڰʿʵ˵֮еĵ߶Ķ֣̫ˣ
֮ڣ鿴Ŵ֮еͶӰһĨ֮ɫ

ǿǿԿھʿʳĺˣ
һλǴ˵֮еĵڰʿʵۣ

Ǵ֮ڣЩĸʿǿǻ˺ۣԡڵѪ֮еĳ֮жһĨĹâ
֮Ȼڰ˴ʿʵ֮б֮ΪһʿʵۡɵkϾһߣѹ档
곿֮֮ʱҲûκһĵ̤֮λ档kʵ֮ǿ
һ˵֮еĵڰʿʵ۾ȻѹƣȻޱȡ
棬Ұܰɣ
֮һĨâһȡһֻʥȨȣӡȨ֮зɳû֮С
ֱӿѣһ޾ԣʹʥɽɽһ¸֡
ɽ֮Уһųޱȵĳԣѹȥ
ɽ֮ر
˵֮УɽһƵ֮֮ҲǵõһƵ֮ԳΪԼĵ·޵£ߡ
֮ƴˣ

֮ڣʿһɽжһĨâ
һɽǳ֮׵ߵĺرҲǵkΪǿɱﵡǼɵɽ߲ŻĬڰʿʳĽ
ɽһ֣ĳع񷣬֮ڵĿռ䶼һ޴ޱȵĳ
ɽҫ֮Уγɵĳʹ˷湥
һ˲䣬·һ¹һ֮ڣѹƣͬʱҪԴԴϣɱ֮֮š
һ֮ڣһҲᱻ֮ѹơͬʱбĿܡ
ʱ֮һϵ֮ڳԹ
رһ֮Ѿ޸˰˳ɣϧ֮޸ģӵо޴
кâһϵġסâҫһ½˵ڶ̬
ӡҫһ»һɺڶɽֱӷȥ
ʹֱӷɳɺڶ֮ڣȻٱֱ¶Զ׹䡣
ЩʹɳԹɣ˵ӵС綾һʹҪĸܹ֮Ľ֮Ϊãͻ˵
棬Ȼס㡣Ұܰɣ
֮վɽ֮ϣкâҫĬģصӡڵk֮и֡
ɽ֮Уصӡҫֲޱȵĳۣɽ֮һ¸ֳһɱߵսìһֱȥ
ӡҫӶꪡһնһǧɫ̫֣϶Ϊһնսì֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УսìǱһն顣
һʱ֣һɽ֮ϣꪺݺһնɽɽ֮ϡ
¡
һ֮Уɽɽ΢΢һɽһ¶һ޴ޱȵĶڣڿֲ𶯡
֮һĻһĨʹ֮ɫס֣֮һսҰˣ
ֹͣ˶ɽĹ
ҫһɽֱӿԽգһʧ
һսҰˣףˣ
֮ĿһۣŸޱȵĸ飬΢΢һ̾һԭʧ


1306 ëԳ
֮ˣ
֮˳֮
ӽʥΪ֮
԰֮һߣֲ̫ˣ֮

ʿ֮Уַͨ볿֮һսжһĨ֮ɫ
֮δǿʿʵۣ
֮ھͿԿߣk̤򣬾޵аĿֲڣ
̫֮ǿˣھʿʳһ˳

ħ֮УʿڻȸԾΪʤ
֮սܣζ嵮һӿֲǿߣĵھʿʳֻӵǿ¡
ЩһĨʧ֮ɫһĬ˵
һھʿʳ涼£彫øռݸԴ
Щðͷ壬Ϊھʿʳص
һâ΢΢һ֮ϣһֳӰ
춼ǱſϷǰ˵أһۣҲôءǳ֮֮Щһж΢΢һŵkҲ¶һ˿˿η֮ɫ
¡ʼݵ
Ƿ֮⣬һԴ
һɺޱߣǳһĿֲϢӿһĨɫ֮УһվʳľṲֱ̊˹֮ڡ
վףʳľŮʾһǿޱȵŮºʣҲ֪ǿߡ
ǵòۣºʱħŮʻѷһ֣ǵkһɵʣԣɢž˵ԶԶħŮ֮ϡ
ºʵһһŮºİۣеĿޱȣŮס
ºʣkȻˣ
ȻһɻʳռĴơ
ǡħܹһ߼ǿߡټ֮֮ǿɾˣ

Щǿһºж¶һ˿˿˷֮ɫ
ɫĺˮ֮֯йγһɫºɫ֮ϣ໥ӡ
֮ڣҲֻºһ˵λƽ
ĵھʿʳûн֮ǰκε߶ƽƽҪ߳һͷǵھʿʳ֮󣬾֮ڣҲҪһͷ
濪ڵºʣݹ٣кιɣ
º֮貵⵭֮ΪĵھʿʳӦڴ˵ؽ֮󣬲ǽھʿʳʱ
ЦЦĿºʣҷҪڽھʿʳأ
ҾͰǵĵھʿʳֱӴ
һսħ֦մ½Ϸֱըѿһֱߴʮľ޴ǳ֮һ׹䣬ֱӺȥ
վ΢΢һΣֱӳһǳ֮ǰһȭӳһֱߴʮľ޴ǳ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһֱߴʮľ޴ǳֱӱһȭ飬ͬڵһ㵹ȥǻŽɫԵĽëԳֱӺȥ
ëԳĿ΢΢һһģޱȵĽɫҫǵĽɫƬֱɡ
棡ɸҵ֮Ͼһս㲻ңǾȡһεĽ䡣һʳɲİܹġ
ëԳ˫֮ޱȵĹâȵ
ֲޱȵսħ֦մ½֮вϻصѹķ
սħ֦մ½֮ڣʿâҫſǿޱȵĽֵס˽ëԳ۵
ûǽػսħ֦մ½ʿµĴڣᱻǽëԳһ
Ŀ亮ǲӦ㣬Σ
ëԳɭޱȵɱǲӦҾһٵһžסǳֱͳͳɱΪֹ
ǽëԳײޱȵĻһǿжӿһ˿˿⡣
һǲ棬һϣȫһһסǳκĵµλ棬סһȫһ
һĨɭޱȵɱãҾͳȫ㣬֮ɱ㣡
һâ΢΢һ֮ʧ
֮·֮·ʿںΪһ塣֮·еĸַҲʿ
Ϊһ֮еʿʵۼǿߣҲֻһܹ
һɫĹâ΢΢һºʱԭʧķȥ
֮ҪëԳ۽һ
ҪݵĽ࣡ǿֻһܻ
ܹıض֮ǻ˳֮Ĵڣ
֮ͨطתʱֱ֮һֱѹơûлָȫʢʵŰ֮СǽëԳۿȫʢգս죬Զͨߡ֮һֻ׶༪١
ϧʰʱΨһһ֮λռݡȻ֮עܹ׵ߣ޵У

ħ֮ʿ۷׷ף֮͸¶һ˿Ͳʡ
ʺճռʱΨһһ֮λضܹ׳Ϊһߡĵһ׵ߣضǿߴʿʵ޵а
һ޵аĵߣ۸գҲܹѹۣǿпһʿʳ
ǹ⻷ƣɢһأΰϢƶɵַһҪٵҲҪ󶯸ɸ꣬ķǧʱпܰ쵽
һڲսһҲ޷
ֲޱȵӰһ¸֮ǰֳΣëԳۡ
һۣжɭޱȵɱûκηϻһ»ֱû֮ڡ
棬עҪˣΪͳ֮һϷܹ𣿾ƾһۣȻܹ֮ܳƵߣ̫ˣȥɣΪҽ֮·ϵ̤ʯ
ëԳâҫ貣ֱӳһףͨ徧Өȹݺݵĺȥ
ӡҫһʥȹ̺֮ſֲޱȵ壬һУѹ
һ׵ȹȻǵۼرȴֲ˿ۼرΨЩ޵е۱ܹ֮ܲϡ
Ϸ޴Ҫ㣡
һĨâӶеġꪡһ˺Ѳ񷣬ǧ֣Ϊһ壬նǾӨ貵ȹ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǽëԳֱӱɳ֮ң


1307 ɽëԳ
ëԳŲ֮ɫʧеôôǿ
Ψһһ֮λѾռݣëԳѾȷûн׵ߣǰһսҪֱɱǿԶk
ëԳۣл׼£
âһסӡҫһ½ڶ̬
һӰ΢΢һͬ˲һǽëԳ۵ǰһֲޱȵɫâͬһǽëԳ۴ȥ
¡¡¡
ëԳۻɫҫӶһӨȹǣʮֿ񱩣ӲĽɫâסǿֲޱȵȴkϵɡ
ɫâ֮У̺һ˿˿ֲޱȵɰ壬ϵŽëԳϵ
棬
ëԳâӡҫ΢΢һΣͷֱۣ֮Уֱ֮ǡ
ӡҫǽëԳۻӶֱۣԦ֮湥ɱȥ
һɲ֮䣬ս֮оͱǧײëԳ۾˺ķһ֮ϣǡסͬһ̮ͬ
ĵ߹Ȼǿ󣡲վҪ
һѪкâһţͷ۵ĽëԳս죬ѾԽ˳֮
̬
ס֮ӡҫһģģӰֱӸ֣ںһǴûֹͣĦʯһӿӴޱȵעڡ
һУսֱ֮Ӹ֣ǽëԳֱնȥ
һɲ֮䣬Ӱʱⳤ֮и֣һߴʮףһֲޱȵսһףòޱȣʳȴһ޴ޱȵ
Ӱһ֣ĳȡ֮е
ĦʯԴԴϵṩ޷ߵĽ١
û뵽ҾȻпһ죡Գһ
ĵһĨпеսһĨ֮ɫȼһ
һɲ֮䣬ضֻʣһޱȵĵâŻһУᴩһеĿֲǽëԳֱնȥ
ã
ëԳһӿһ˿ëȻĸоӶ֮һ
һֲޱȵĵâ΢΢һǽëԳ۾ͱǿֲޱȵĵâնѣһΪƬѪ䡣
ӡҫëԳ۵һͷ­ըѣǱնѵ˲Զһ
ͷطǽëԳһ֮еıԴطһʩչ൱
һ˿˿ģӰҫò׵ĵߴӰ֮ԾϢĻӶǾ޴ݺһڽëԳ۵ıϡ
һɿֲ׵˲䱬һſ̺ӰǳֱӱһǽëԳۺü׵ѣƬѪ񷡣

ǽëԳâһӶ֮ǷĺǴӰ֮Ծĵ֮ϣһӰߺ飬ֲޱȵɷһ·죬ֱӺϣ΢΢һһѪ
Ѫҫһʱⳤ֮УԵء
ԦʱⳤӣڽëԳ۵ǰŽëԳֱӹɱȥ
ëԳһŭ𣬿ޱȣӶ֮սһ
һޱȵӡҫǽëԳϵ˿ڼ޷ϣһεεѪֱû֮Уʧ
ëԳۼһĻһĨ֮ɫѪ֮壬㾹Ȼ˵һɰ徹Ȼﵽز
ɰ֮󣬿׵ձӵеĸְ塣һֱǴ˵Ϊûһɰǿܹﵽֵز
ɭȻһЦһָһɫļʸͬһǽëԳֱȥ
ëԳۻӶ֮ǣɫļʸһһ飬ֻǵkϵĽëҲҲǹޱȵʴϵ
ͬһ޵еoٳѹһУԦֲֿף˲˼İ壬ŽëԳۺȥ
ëԳ˫֮âҫֲޱȵĽɫҫŭһ۰£޵еƣԹԹ˻ˡ
֮ڣؿѡǳ飬ֲޱȲɢ
ƬĵѪ񷡣
ëԳۣȻһߣ㹫ƽһսһʤҽھʿʳĴӡǲܹʰ㣬ôʾھʿʵ۵ֶΣ
кâһţӡҫһȿռŻ֡
ʮʥͽһ´ӿռŻ֮߳ʩչֹɱطŽëԳֱӹȥ
ʮʥͽȻӵ겨ʵȴǻеķ룬Ա֮ڡ
ռҫЩʥĻеֱӸ֣ЩѾ׳Ϊ۵Ļеͳ֮£й
һΣһ¼ս֮УʮʥͽһΧŽëԳۡ
ռ֮СսìֲȸֹǽëԳۺȥëԳۺû˺ۡ
棬㱰޳ܣȻûеܣʲôӢۺú㻹Ϊĵھʿʵ־͸ҹƽһս
ëԳ۷ŭ񣬷ĺţͼʮʥͽԼЩʥе׺顣
ʮʥͽÿһʵԶԶȲϽëԳۣǵkĬ˼㣬ʵΪֲ໥֣ס˽ëԳ۵Ĺ
ҾͨЩеҲʵһ֮֡ͬÿսͬܳս
һЦŽëԳ۷ĵһ˲䣬һն£ëԳ۵һͷ­ֱն
ɫӡҫǽëԳٴλָնͷ­ҲһһֻЩͷ­Ҳûֿĳ֮
ԦһʱӶսꪣǽëԳ۷նȥ
ʮʥͽԼһǧʥĻеΧ֮£ͷëԳڻٵʮ֮󣬱ֱһնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣ͷëԳֱɣֲޱȵԴǽëԳԴԴϵӿꡣ
ëԳˣ֮Ȼնɱ˽ëԳۣ
֮⣬ºʼһĻ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ëԳһƵߣʵǿޱȡھȻǿɱȫԽºʵ
֮ǿնɱëԳۣע޵
һϢһħ֮зٴħ
ëԳˣ̫ˣ
k̫޴ˣ֮սʤ˳֮޵аkȻȥ֮һսֱ
һսضٴ棬޵У
֮㲻࣡

ħ֮УһƬڣ󲿷ֵʿ˷ܲѡһھʿʳȷһֲޱȵķԾǡħʥߡʥ


1308 ħ
ǳһ׹ڲ֮λ档
ѪɫƸ֣ʮλ֮䡣
ǳ׹䣬ѪգëԳ۹Ȼˣ
֮Уһˣ
kΪʲôܹúദһͬԿǿߣ
úദ̫ˣʱֻһĻᡣе߶ΪôŽ

֮еһǿ߿ǳ׹䣬Ѫյ󣬶̾
ʱӵнЩǾԲԵ޹ǿƴһԤʦԤʿѾԤԣʱӵһ
ЩȻŽΪ˽ݡ
濪ھʿʳҲΪ˽ĴƣʿԼɱøǿ
Ǵ޾Ԩ֮бָһλ棬Ȼһ޴𶯡
һλֱըѿɽѣͬĩ١
һħ󹫾Ǳλ棬ž֣ţ׷ʲô
һ񷣬Ϲһֻ۾׵Ĺħһλ֮лֲޱȵħѹķ
Ǵ˵֮еħ꣡
ħһʼ棡
ħһĵߣ

ǵλ֮УħһһɢϢħһĨ˷֮ɫ
һɢſֲϢħܹûеǶλĽ֮ĸꡣһΪֲħk޵֮Ľ֮׷ɱȴӲĴǽ֮ѣս죬ֲޱȡ
һǲڵk֮еһ±
һ˲䣬һλ涼ֱӱ
ſһһֲ׵ĺɫϢӵkĿУһλϯȥ
Ҫ
һħ󹫾Ȼɫ䣬֮еͳͳȡһգֱӻҽʧ
Ϊʲô㲻ħʼ𣿡
һħӾŸķһ֮䣬k㱻һУҽ
ûҾǵʼ档ԣǵҴġڣǵͳͳңΪҸյְɣ
һпᡢԵޱȵһλ֮֡
һɫħǵλƲ֮䣬ǵλ֮С
ЩħħǺɫħ֮£޷ıеѪ֮ҽʧ
ɫĹâһûǸϣõkϢһ»ָÿֲޱȡ
ˣ֮
һĨײޱȵĹâ˫һ˺ֱ˺ѿռ䣬һ³ǿռѷ֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬Χռ䣬һȾ޴ޱȵĴţŴ򿪣ֱӴ˳
ħ꣡
ºһһɢŤħ⣬ǿޱߵħ꣬ʱ΢΢ɫ䡣
ÿһ߶ǹ֮еĹһʱľ콾ǿޱߡ֮ͬҲŵȡ
ǿȻʱ֮ߴʿʵ޵аľǸոս׵ߵʡ
ħһ޽ӽ޵аĿֲߣʵԶԶº֮ϡ
Ŀºһۣ΢΢һΣͬһħǽһ㣬һ˲׹䵽֮ڡ
֮ҽսʤ߿ӶʧߵһУҪɱ㣬ӶϵһбԴ̤㣡ҪǲһսҾרų֣ǳ
âħҫͬһħ棬塢ޱȵϢڵk֮л
һĨâʮֹϵãҾһս
ޱȵӡһ¸֣Ǹոտŵһٴη
ġסӡҫһģģӰֱںϣһ˲ͽ˵̬
һɲ֮䣬һƬֲޱȵɫֱӸ֣Ÿֱϯȥ
СֶΣͲҪóˣ
꿴һƬ׽һǳĿֲɫһۣɭһЦ΢΢һΣһֲޱȵħ⣬˺ɫĺһ³һʥ׵ǰһģ׵Ļ֮ϡ
һɲ֮䣬һ׾ͱֱӺƬ
¡¡¡
ͬһ޵еħźɫħ⣬ĺЩʥе׻֮ϣЩʥеһһ˺顣
ս鼫ΪḻһʱͶЩʥе׷Щʥеһһݻ١Щʥе׵ĹȻ޷ȴҲԻ˵kԵkӵһв
кâһսꪣ߼ӢӰʱⳤ֮и֣Ÿֱӹȥ
ʮʥͽҲ׷Ÿ귢
ûõģЩʱⳤ֮ٻӢ鲻һЩˣôҵĶ֣
һЦħҫֱӺһȭ
һɲ֮䣬ħħʹ顢ȸǿĳӰֱӸ֣У˫۳죬ʩչֹɱط߼Ӣʮʥͽȥ
޾ӰΧ֮£ʮʥͽһ±߼ӢҲӰס໥ɱ
ħҫ׷ЩеףЩʥĻеһһ飬ǺĵоƬûзŹ
ǿħһʼ棬ħֲ֮꣡Ŀֲڣ
кâһţӡҫĳȡĦʯԽգһŸֱնȥ
ʱռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣ѹգһŸֱնȥ
֮ƴ𣿿ϧ̫ˣʵ̫ˣƴҲֻ㣡
һЦдħһصӡһֲޱ鹹ɵħһ·ɳ
һħҫγһɣյֱӺȥ
ǿֲޱȵħ֮֮£ʱֽ⡢ռŻǳ顢ɺڶ𣬲дħ֮˳ƺϡ
һɲ֮䣬͸оͷ­ʹ֮֫еٻޱȣϲ˷˼䡣
ѾΪĲ֮һĵߡΨĵ߻ѷ֡κ䶼
ħһ;ֹͨޱȵ䣬Ϊħʼ棬ħ֮һ֮۷켫ȻҲԵֵk䡣
ȥ
׹ҫһ˲Ƴǰһצֱȥ
ʱҲǸһشĴûᡣ
һ˿˿ҫֱӴı֣еġ֮ޡͬһ˺Ѳ񷣬ѹһеĿֲһ㣬ݺݵĺ˸ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһ±ðȥħѪ񷡣


1309 ɸ
ɫĺе㣡㣡ôܹ
Ȼڳ֮УҲֳһ˿ʶ֮ߣռ鱨һ߼ǿߵ鱨ȻҲӲkռkôҲû뵽㡣
ܣ֮Ƶرܣ
Ͼħ֮һ˼㣬һתоӿһ˿˿⣬
Ŀ䣬һԲӶ֮ޡ˺Ѳ񷣬ĳڸϣֱӳѣѪ񷡣
ˣ˭
ºʼһĻӿһ˿⣬ŲԶ֮վŵһ㿴ȥ
һȴº΢΢һЦһ˿˿ֲޱȵĵ
ڶߣ֮߾Ȼӵ׷棡̫ˣ߶ƶɵܡ̫ˣ
ºһ뵽ʵоӿһ˿˿ëȻĺ
κһ֮ж޵УѹһеĿֲڣܱƳ֮ҲǶáŵĿܡֲֿޱȵطЩkѹļתΪ˵߿ܡ
ħ֮ʿ֮еĵһˣkҲûƳһ߼ܡ
澹ȻƳһ߼Ļеܣֱ˷˼Խ˵
֮ڡ
ϵġס֮صӡҫһɺڶֱӸ֣ϵһһɡ
һ˲䣬ͻָȫʢֳս֮ꪣһŸֱնȥ
һʱֱӸ֣̺صӡ͸ֱ֡
ʱ֮УٶȱֱٱΧʱȴһ·ҡ
һɲ֮䣬·һ±ٸӰԦš֮ޡӸλŸֱӳȥ
صӡҫǸһ¸ֳһâǵķ硣
һ֮ޡһâǽ飬˳Ƴڸ֮ϣڵk֮ϳһһ˺ۡ
ħҫϵ˿ȴʮֹķ
ħһĻָǽѪѪĿֲڣһЩħ󹫾㱻ͷ­ֻʣһܹ࣬һٴ
һЩħһ֮еʥߣǿһħѪֱ
Ϊħһʼ棬ͻָ죬ȻˣȻһ־˵ٶڻָԼơ
ϣ
һȣһԷɳӶս֮ꪣںӢսŸֱնȥ
ĿħӿӶħȭѹأһжͬһ޵еıݣӲĵס˵Χ
֮Уһ˿˿֣һ߼ֱӸ֣ǡڡһ˸꣬â΢΢һһԻߵĿֱֲŸֱӺȥ
ã
ɫ䣬ʩչӴ˵ѣ㷢ƬѾʩչõk޿ɱܡ
âһдһֻħ۹âҫħ۹ɵĹħһ¸֣Źޱȵħ⣬һ¼ӳڵk֮ϡ
ħӳ֮£ʱһһȭѹһУǿԻߵĿֱֲӺȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УһԻߵĻڹǱһȭֱӺ飬kҲһ֮±ֱȫʧ
ʱռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣ʱⳤ֮߳һն˸ı
ǻڵĹΪʱƾһնϣһѿƬħѪء
ҲӶš֮ޡݺһڸϣðȥ
Ťħ֮״Ӹ걻նѵ˿֮зɳſѪڣݺݵҧȥ

һŭ𣬴ӵkĶ֮ڷɳħ۹ɵĿֲħһųֲޱȵħ⣬ֱӺȥ
һ³ǰһ¶һ桾֮ܡ
ޱȵӡҫǡ֮ܡһſһǿޱȵķ磬ǿֲħ۵֮ͳͳա
˵ʮʥͽһ·ɵ˵kߡ
صӡʮʥͽϸ֣ޱȵĹâһûڡ
֮е߼ҲޱȵĹâԴԴϵһûڡ
һʮǿķԲܹɣ
һĨ׹⣬ٺķ޸ǷȼԼڵıԴ֮עԼдħ֮ڡ
дһֻħ֮Уһ±ֲޱȵħ⡣
ħ׼յһ±һԻһУشߵĿֱֲӺȥ
ֳ֮֡ܡеſһǿޱȵķ磬ǰ
¡
һֻħ֮бħһǡ֮ܡķ֮ϣһͽǿֲޱȵķòϲʱпܱ
ҧأĳȡĦʯԼСάǡ֮ܡķ硣
֮Уһ˫ۣ֮г޾ϣһӡ֮ޡ˺Ѳ񷣬Ÿ걾ֱӺȥ

һĨŭɫһҧӶд֣һȭǡ֮ޡȥ
ǡ֮ޡ֮лصӡݺݵĳڸ֮ϣֱӺ飬Ȼɡ
ǡ֮ޡһ˸֣صĳڸͷ­ֲޱȵͷ­ֱӺ顣
¡¡¡
ǡ֮ޡͬһֲޱȵĶݺݵĺڸ֮ϣùͷѣħѪĽ
һ֮󣬸ѾŤûһõĹͷ
ԴȪһֻħۣ֮ٵһֻħۣҾͻٵڶֻ
֮У׵֮ϣޱȵ
ǡ֮ޡһ·ɳŸĲдħֱӴȥ

һŭ𣬲дħ֮һ±ֲ׵Ϣӡҫγһֲޱȵĺɫ硣
ʼħ۾ǸǲдħƣҲʿ֮ǿħ֮һȻһҲʼħ۵䣬˵֮УҲᱻʼħ۵ħ䣬ܵӰ졣
ʼħҲǸԴȪǿޱȣſĺɫ羹Ӳĵסġ֮ޡ
˲𣡿ϧˣ
һâ΢΢һһ³ڸǰһնӲĽնء
һɺڶ֣°ֱɣŸıԴ֮

شһҽУ֮еĽһ±
ǡ֮ޡһ´˸ۣkʼħһڳ
һɺڶֱӸֱ֣УŵkԴ
ǿޱȣһ޽ӽ޵аĿֲڡȻشȻɺڶ֮з
һӣȫĥӴޱȵԴԴԴϵûڡ


1310 ɻʳ
ºʿ֮е棬һ˿˿⣺kȻˣkħ֮һħһʼ棡
ħ֮һħһʼ棬ҲΪǿһħkȫʢʱ֮档
һǰգǽеλħһգk֡
ºϲǸĿֲħĶ֡һֲޱȵħ澹Ȼնɱɣֱŵ˼㡣
һſǳͬһ֮׹䣬˲֮λ档
ƬƬѪɫۣ֮ƬѪ񷡣
һˣ
˭˭ˣ
ѵºʣ

֮еʿ׷ײ²⡣
ħ֮еħʼ֮ս֮б֮նɱ
һϢһħ֮г֣ħ
꾹Ȼ֮նɱôܣk޵аĿֲڣħһʼ档㱻֮ȥһֻ۾Ҳܱ֮նɱ
ǿǵħ֮꣡ûнߣôǵkĶ֣
Ȼ֮ȥһֻħۣԴܴȴҲ޽ӽ޵аĿֲڣôܱ֮ܣܣ

ħ֮УʿһϢ
Ϊħ֮еĸ֮꣬ΪĴڡңԶĹȥkһ޵аĿֲǿߣֻǱ֮ȥһֻħ֮ű̳֮ϴ䣬Դˣʵ˥䡣
ˣǸΪħʼ棬Ҳ֮ΪǿĴڡܱǻûн׵ߵܡ
ħʼ˺ѵ˵֮ħǰ֮һս֮һͬսһǧʥе֮ܵ£ֽնɱ
һӾϢһħ֮дݡ
㣬k֮ߵĵߡkȻ֮̫ˣ
ۣ֮ôƳһߣֱ˼飡
һǧʥеܣǿ£ĿѾԽ˿֮
ȻܹƳһߣֻ֮ѾԽħ֮

ħ֮е嶼ֱը˳۷׷ףжšǰۼܻʷ֮ϡʿƳĵ߼⻹ǵһγ֡
һӵе߼Ŀֲڣֻдֵʱ򣬵Щ鼶
˴ǿҲǰۼĴڡһӵе߼ʵеܣҲֻһˡ
ʥΧȷʵлնɱ꣡
Ͼ֮شȥһֻʼħۣѾ޵аĿֲڣ֮ΧɱҲǲܣ
ֲ֮ȻҿھʿʳȻͣ

ħ֮УŸ걻նɱʵеʿ˷ޱȣ׵ھʿʳսҲûܹ赲
Щ㷲ףkǵĺֻҪͷˡ
֮⣬ºʿž֮ڵ棬֮kʮε֮սļΪ޴ǵ߱ԴȻҲҪʱ䣬Ϊʱ
֮ڣһ˫ۣޱȵ⣬ºʵºʣҪһս֤һҵĿھʿʳʸ񣿡
ºʳһᣬĿǾվߵĿһۣ֮˫ӵʸ񿪴ھʿʳ⹧ϲھʿʳҵĺ񣡡
һɫֱӷɳһС
ҾͲˣټ
һɫĹâ΢΢һºʱԭʧ
֮ڣºİҲɫ䣬ޱȵһ±ѹ£ʵ
澲վ֮ڣӡҫͷһǧ֮Ȫ̺ŲʥĲ֮Ȫ֮ϣꡣ
ǡ֮Ȫ֮£궼ڲϵĻָұԽԽǿ
һСʱ֮¶һЦݣûˣǿϧ
Щ֮еһֲڶʱ΢΢һݣüֲĴгҡ
һâ΢΢һġħ֮ϡ
һΣǵھʿʳĽ˳ޱȵĽš
ɻʳʽ
һ֮һһ֮λ𵴿»ϵĳﶼһֲڵkǵԺ֮𵴡
ǡħ֮ϣâҫһûʴֱӻħ֮ϣǡħøӵ財ص
ǡħ֮ϣһޱȵǿ֮£øӵĿֲǿ
뷷ʯΪɻʳĹʦ
֮ڻصһǿޱȵǡħֱ֮ӷֳһûʯڡ
һɺޱߣֲ׵ĵ߲ʯ֮
ߣɻʳĹʦȻǵߣ
ħ
ħ֮ǿʿһ
αߣkһαߣҲѹеˣ

·ǿһʯĵϢһĨĽ֮ɫ
ʯһǡħӳ֮µαߣҲǵ߼ǿߡκε֮µǿߣǵkĶ֡ҵkһαҲƣֻڲ֮λӵеߵһ뿪֮λͻȥߵ֮⣬һɻʳkҲܵɣܵԴ֮ˡ
л£
ʯǰһȻ˵ߡ
뷷ѩΪɻʳĹʦ
һޱȵӡħ֮һ·ɳûѩŵڣõkΪҲֱͻƣΪ˵߼
л£
ѩҲؾصһȻ˵ߡ
һһǿ֮У뷷⣬Ϊֱһء
һӱֻӵʿΪһ̫ʦķ֮ǡħļӳ֮£ֱӽΪʥʿЦúϲ£졣
ǡħǿ֮£ɻʳһӵһɾ޴ޱȵ
ĵھʿʳڽˣ
ӽ𣬾ʱˣ
彫ʱ֮гư棡
ߣɻʳ߼ǿػ޵аǿѣҲܹһս
ߣѾԽ˳ػʳ޽ӽߴʿʳˣ֮˲𣡣

ǲ֮λ֮Уе֮ڣһƬ֮СھʿʳĽʱȻưʱ


1311 ڶ֮Ӱ
ӣ塢ʿŷ׷Ͷɻʳɻʳøӵǿ
ɻʳһּΪֲٶȲϵǿţĵر׷׵Ľɻʳ֮ڡ
ɻʳһ嶼ܵľˣǿ߱
ɻʳ֮ĵͻƽ׳Ϊʥʿ
ʯɻʳ֮ĵھһʯװۡ
ѩɻʳʮ֮󣬽һԶʱڵʹŮᾧֱͻƣװۡ
֮⣬ɻʳ֮УҲһʮֳɫīһؾ֮գͻƣͬʱһʱ쳣֮棬ӱɻʳʮֱ֮ӽΪʥʿ
ī֮⣬ɻʳ֮ҲŲӿ֣ǿ߲ϵ
ɻʳҲǿߵĴ֮£ţϵռһһǳ
ɻʳĴߵ֮£ֻܹϵá̡
ɻʳʮꡣ
սħ֦մ½֮ڵһ֮ڣ滺˫ۣһɺޱ߿ֲ׵Ϣ֮л
һâ΢΢һ֮У˫֮иֳصӡ֮ȥ
һ˿˿淨˫֮и֡
һĨʧ֮ɫУȻΨһһ֮λѾˣ
ʱѾ㹻ӵĲ֮ӵоԵİսߣٴνһɱ䡣
ǵ֮λȷʵѾʶĿǰȻ޷ϣ׵ߡ
ȻƣµıϻԽԽǳ˯ȫ֮󣬱ضϱ
ǸʱĵҲøࡢǿЩ޵аĵûһԸ⿴ǿ̤
ֻҪ޵аĵ߽ˣһ֣ܹ洴ĵھʿʳֱӴݻ١
ҵھʿʳҲǰװ׽ģ
һâ΢΢һ֮ʧ
սħ֦մ½һޱȵʵ֮ڣһֱߴһǧԲε߼֮С
վһ߼֮ǰһ߼أһ˿ʡ
߼ص࣬ͬһö£صӡ
һ³߼֮ǰһտѣһ޾Ļ꺣֮и֣һû߼صࡣ
޾Ļ֮£һصӡâҫۡ
һɿֲޱȵޱȵӡ֮Χĵر
Բһһֲޱȵ籩һֲޱȵ֮һû߼֮ڡ
ɻʳʿͻƣ

һעʱ

Щǿ߿ǿֲޱȵ籩Щľˡ
ɻʳ֮Դɻʳľ֮£ʿͻƣΪʥʿʥ۷ʿͻƴʥ
ÿ궼һɿֲޱȵ籩Щǿ߶ѾϰΪ
һ߼عâҫֱſ¶һһͷɫĻԸУǵľŮ
һŮһ˫ۣ貣ҫޱȵĹâһ˿˿߼ӵk֮
һ𷢱ۣԸо׵ľŮƳĵڶ߼֮֮
ɻʳһ֮֮Ǳ鼰棬ϡޱȵĲ϶ǿΪѰ
ɻʳ֮󣬾ܵľˣɻʳʿϣ¢˴󲿷ֵַ
ֱһɻʳС֮£ʳռڶ߼صϡϣ˵ڶ߼ء

һ𷢱ۣԸо׵ľŮ߼֮һԵ¶һưЦݣϥǰ
㻹һµ֮kǵĴ档kǵԼֺں˶ӡܱѣҲΥ
濴һ𷢱۵֮¶һЦݵܺãӽͽӰ
Ӱӵվ¶һֵЦݣǣ
Ӱ㿴ȥһĨ֮ɫЦһλ㻹ϲһ㣬ҲͬһʱԺңһúչģ
Ӱãýúý̽ôһã
ȻһЦ֮һĨâһӣ֮ޡһ³ڵkС
濴ǽŵӰһۣʮǵı졣
ƣֻһ֮ͳ˧սˣЧߡӰ֮kǱͬȻҪߵΨһ
ֲޱȵԲ߼ظ֣໥ֱŤգһƬΪ˵Ŀռ䡣
ӰһץһֻҲ޷֪ĿֲۼرӰìһ³ڵkС
һɲ֮䣬һǧӰӰƬ֮и֣ÿһӰɢһǿޱȵĵϢ˸ֲ١
Ҷֲ٣
˫֮һ¸ֳصӡ˷ʵۣ֮һӰȥʵ֮۵ķ֮£κλӰᱻʵϧǿ棬Ҳ޷һӰӵ١
Ӱãķ̫ˡֻʺϵһ̿ͣ
㽾һЦһӡ֮ޡһɲ֮䣬ǡ֮ޡݻγһſſֲޱȵǳֱ𵴶ȥ
ǰԵ˼Ŀֲ֮£֮еһӰӰֱӱ顣
ҵˣ
ǽޱȵЦ֮Уǡ֮ޡͬһһ㣬һƬֱһ顣
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уֳ֡ӰìӰһ±ɳ֮ң
һ֮ޡֲףͬһͷ鼶Ķһ㣬ƲˣӰֱӳȥ
ӰȻʩչ־ޱȵ似ȴȻǡ֮ޡӲĺ飬֮Ҳһɼǵ˺ۡ
䣡㣬ҶһĦʯȻǿ̫ˣ
ǧ֮Ӱʮֹϵֹͣ˹ҧгݵĵһۣ֮Ų֮ɫ
ΪƵĵһ֮ʱľյϣҼĦʯһֲֿޱȵ㱦ʯõkǿ
ӰսѾ䱻ɱĽëԳֻۣʵ̫ǿõkԵñȽС
ɻʳ֮ҲޱȵĲϣøӵĿֲǿȻӰܹĴڡ
ЦӰã󽫻̤㣬ֻԽԽǿ󣬽˵ҲгԽҵĿܡ
ӰҲӿһޱȵЦݣ˵ЦˣӰôܳԽ㡣
濴ޱȵӰ¶һ˿˿Ц⣺һɻʳ߼ǿˣ


1312 նɱԨħ
ϧ֮ͼѾǼˣ
濴Ӱ֮һĨϧ֮ɫ
߼صĸĵرÿһޱȣƵۼرҪϡ󲿷ֵĲΪɻʳ֮涼ܹŪЩȴǿıһһҪƳһ֮ʮѡ
ʮת˲š
ȻѴ
սħ֦մ½һ֮ڣ滺˫ۣһĨʧ֮ɫ
ʿڵ治ϵĸգ䶼ɻʳռ͵С
ˣΪҲͬͣһ㣬˼㡣
һ·һʵӵĵѾΪԲľ콾Ѿ޵аĵߡȴȻڰ֮ΪҲһ˿
磬ʥʿҲûжЧΨɵ߼ǿ߲ܹԵ
һĨâȻˣǾͿʼһɣ
޾Ԩλ档
һ֮ڣԨħһ˫ۣһɰۼĿֲӵk֮
ɻʳԴб֮£ԨħҲѾװۡ
˿
Ԩħ
ˣ
һ𷢱ۣĻԸУһɫƤ£ɢžȻ֮׵ħŮһ¸⹬֮ڣԨħ֮ǰ
ħ˿ǵĵһֻħ壬ЩѾΪ˵kĳԼܼңΪkָ¡
ȫ֮£ħ˿ҲѾΪһǿޱȵħŮӵʿĿֲΪֻħŮѷ޾Ԩ֮еڶǿħ
ҵ޾Ԩ֮УеԨͳͳңԼؽ
ǣˣ
˿֮һĨ˷֮ɫ֮ӿһĨΣһɢ˵
һͳ޾ԨڹȥֻԨħŰ쵽ľΰҵ
޾Ԩֿʼܹһͳ޾ԨԨħָ
޾Ԩᴩλ棬ۣȫʢ֮ʱĲ֮λ滹Ҫ޴öࡣ޾Ԩ֮Ҳһͳһ޾Ԩ˿ҲԻøԴøӵǿ
֮ĻҪһͳ޾Ԩ
k𣿡
֮Ҫʲô

޾Ԩ֮УһǿĴһݣ۷׷ס
޾Ԩ2341㡣
һҫһɺǺħս֮зɳͬһһλ档
ȥ
һħսĶ˿һɫսף¶Ƭѩ׵ļǳ
һ֮УһߴףɽɫǼܹɵһƥɫ̤ն
߻һȺǧʿǧʿÿ˶һͷɢϵĿֲ
ҵأ֮ҿԳ㣬ΪЧңҵأ
췢һ춯صŭ֮
ȥ
һ˺Ѳ񷣬̺޾ƽԵľִһ˰֮ϣֱӺɷ飬˳ǧʿһġ
޾ƽҫǧʿͱǿֲľһƺһǧٶ
ΰ֮ҵԸ⳼ΪЧ
ǲдʿǼ˿ֲһĻһ˿˿⣬һ¹ڵϣ
䣬kԨȨܻһö׹֮һ·֮С
ǰ׹֮һԨ׻գ޾Ԩ2341㲻ϵĲһ֮Уֱƿص޾Ԩλȥ
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һ֮УһԨλһըѿһֲޱȵħʥԨλ֮зɳͼطȥ
һֲֻޱȵħצһһħʥϣһħʥᴩ
һֲޱȵĺڶֱӸ֣һħʥֱɡ
ɵһħʥ֮һԨλֱӱԨλɡ
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һ֮У޾ԨһλֱѿһԨħʥȴӳ֮ѡ
ʮʥͽԼӴޱȵʥе׷׷׸֣ЩԨħʥɱһһ𣬽һԨħʥֱӺ䱬
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޾Ԩ1999һըѿһͷϳһɽħǣɫӡǳɢſֲϢԨħһ˫ۣһɿֲޱȵĵħӵk֮ϯķ
޾Ԩ֮УһֱûбͳһһԨħڰвһС
ǡ֮ޡ˺Ѳ񷣬һУݺݵĳԨħıϣһ½һԨħñѣħѪ䡣
һʱֱӸ֣ʱ֮УֱӸֳ֣ս֮һꪺݺݵնһԨħ֮ϣոѵԨħնϡ
֮ҪҲ𣡣
һͷԨħ˫һĨŭɫŭ񣬷ĺе
ӡԨħϸ֣޾Ԩһ¿񱩣ֲޱȵԨ֮Ԩħӿ
κһԨħԨĳ޾Ԩ֮У޵аĵߵkҲܹһսܹЩ޵аĵƴܾˡ
Ŀ䣬Ӷ֮ޡݺݵĳͷԨħϣͷԨħûˡ
ĬģӡҫһһеĿֲڶǿֲ׵Ԩ֮
޾ԨԨ֮֮кڰۣһ߶ʴ
ҲȫһԨħǣĿֲԨ֮
ǿֲޱȵԨ֮һɣһСֱգһ󲿷ֱӱעԨ׻ڡ
Ԩ׻ǱԨħǣԨ֮ϢڽԽԽֲԽԽǿ
һͷԨħ޷ǣԨ֪֮ʩչطһɫħԶȥ
һɫħһ´֮з
һɫħħʳƵһۼرħ䡿ӵзӡյĿֲ
Ǻɫġħ䡿һ֣ڱһ³ʯѩԼɻʳʿӰ
ǼɻʳʿſԽλ棬߶ǿֲޱȵġħ䡿
һֲޱȵĺɫſһ½Ԩħ㡢汾ʮʥͽһ·Ƭ֮С
ͷԨħһͷײǺɫĽ֮ϣֱӱײɻƬħѪ
Ӷ֮ޡֳս֮ͬʮʥͽһԨħȥ
ֲıըƬӡ֮вը죬Ԩħһն׼ֱɡ
Ԩħ֮նɱˣ
ײУ
ô죿
ԨħնɱˣҲֻܹʥˣ

һԨħһնɱ޾Ԩ֮еԨӿһ˿⣬Ҳûһ˿


1313 һħ
֮λ棬һſ׹䣬ƬѪ񷡣
֮ɨ޾ԨնɱԨħ޵У
һϢһħ֮ѸٵĴ
޾ԨԨ֮߶ʴ֮ȻܹնɱԨħ졣
ôܣԨħ㲻֮Ҳ߰ɣôᱻ֮նɱ
ɻʳʿּԦħ䡿Ԩħӡ֮С֮һ֣ͬԨħɱ
ʳֵĻȷʵѹԨħ
û޵ˣ

ħ֮Уʿ˷ܵšǱʿ
Ƿ绪ʵֲޱȣ滹ҪǿֵѾʿ֮Ϊʡɻʳ֮滹Ҫ౶
ڳˣ֮
һ־ֶΣɱԨħ֮øǿˣ
ҲˣߣʵԶٴȽ
ѡĶнԨħĶ޳һ˭Ҳ֪սؼʱ򣬵kǻվһߡ֮Ϊδսˡ

һǿޱȵĴھڲ֮ͬؾĿһУûвֵĴ㡣
޾Ԩĸγɵľۺ塣
Щ޾ԨԨħһԸбϲɱ¾ϲŭ޳ޱȡ˭Ҳ֪kս֮еվһ
ǰԨħƳ֮նɱЩʿ֮еǿҲһԹûһֹ
Ե޹ʶºʳ֣Щǿֻ¶һΪС
Ԩħһ޾Ԩ֮еԨһеҲҾܾ׷׷ЧԨ׻Ĳ鲻ԸĽԼеԨȨܽ
޾Ԩ֮УһԨλ治Ϸ׹Ԩ׻λ֮Уʼλںϡ
ÿһ޾Ԩλ棬Ԩ׻ͱøǿ
¡¡¡
һ޾ԨλֱըѿһħʥԨλ֮ѣȥ
Щħʥոѣһǡ֮ޡħʥֱӺ飬ЩħʥһֳΪ汾һǳΪ滯
һ޾ԨλѿһħʥӴֱ֮ӳ֣һ¹ڵϴغԸⷢЧΰ֮һ
꣬
֮дϵ
ԨħʥһЩҡײеĴڡkǷ޳ûпƵkǵֶΣԻᱻkǷɡ
һħʥһԥһkſ꣬½ƣһΪūͣߡ
ħʥҧǿԶԼΪ֮Ч֮꣡󣬻֮ɣ
һ֮ޡ˺Ѳ񷣬ѹһУһһͷħʥ֮ϣһͷħʥ嶼顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣һħʥֱɡ
ײУ
ʲʣ
Ȼ֮һС

ЩһԨλ֮еħʥһĻһеĽҡ
ԸⷢЧΰ֮Ҫɱң
һԨλѿһͷɢŴʥֲħԨħֱӷɳ֮ҫԼֱӸ֡
ǡ֮ޡ֮и֣һɫϸֱԨħ֮ڣӡ
ûᣡ
޾Ԩ֮Уһλ濪ѣʮħʥֱӷɳ޾Ԩ֮ȥ
ȻЩԨħʥ޾Ԩ֮ʵᱻ룬ҲûٽһĿܡܺùΪū͡
һЦ
һǧʥеȻ֣ʮۼĻеͳ˧֮£ǶʮħʥֱӺȥ
ס֣Ͷ
Ҫɱң
Ը⳼
ǶʮħʥԿһǧʥеףһŵûɫ䣬׷ġ
һǧʥеȫЩħʥǵܿռ䣬ĽɱЩħʥ
һһħʥЩʥе״򱬣һԵĴʥԨħ亹ֱҡ
һʥʿħʥͶκλʳ˵һ¡ƻеı¹ھ£ʥʿĻеҲܹƣͨħʥͶС
Ը⳼֮
ѿһɢʥʿֱӷɳһޱȵϻڤڤĿռ֮зɳڵkͷ
ִڶͨ˵ֱɱĴڡֻҪٵkϻkܹ
˵ʥʿҲֻһӾͿֱӳĴڡ
ǡ֮ޡ֮иֳ֣һһ´ϻ֮Уϻ֮ڣһޱȵӡ
һͶ֮󣬴޾Ԩ֮вϵķɳǿĴڣ׷׶泼ƾڵkǵ֮˽ơ
һһԨλֱ׹䵽Ԩ׻ڵλ棬ڵλֱںһ
ӴޱȵԨԭԴԴϵûԨ׻ڣõkøӵĿֲǿ
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һ춯صľ֮Уһϡءɢſֲǵĺɫײͬըһһǳ֮ڷɳɢŲ˺Ѳ񷣬Զȥ
ӣ°ɣ
΢΢һΣʱⳤֱ֮Ӹֳ֣һս֮ꪣһǺɫĹײĺݺݵնȥ
һɫĹײģײĸһ´򿪣һֻɫƬħֱָһ
һ۵˼Ԩħֱһɳ֮ң
ֱӷӶǡ֮ޡգǺɫĹײֱӺȥ
һֻɫƬħһָһصӡֱӸ֡
һӡҫ޾ԨԨԭֱӿγһֲޱȵĽ磬ǰ
ݺһǿֲޱȵĽ֮ϣֱǽ֮һ˿˿ȴûг鱬Ǹ硣
һĮǺɫĹײ֮д֮޾Ԩĵһħ뿪Ƿһ飬޾ԨڡִҪңҲԸеͬھ
Ŀ΢΢һһħ
޾Ԩλĵһħ޾Ԩ֮еһߣҲһ޵аĿֲڡʷ֮УʱʱܹkӰ
ǵһħ˵֮ҲǴʱͻϹӵơڻǵkȫѵʱֶǵkĶ֡
һҪЩʯ
ָһһɫĹâһû˵һħڵĺɫײ֮ڡ
ȥطԻҪĶ
һħָһһɫĹâһûС


1314 ͳһ޾Ԩ
΢΢ͷһ֣Ǳ鲼޾Ԩķʹɢƾ޾ԨĵһħԨ֮зɳû֮С
Ǵ
֮
ɶôһħƴҪܾˣǸöã

һ֮أЩʵֲޱȵĴһһĨϧ֮ɫkǶ뿴һħսһĻ
ºʵ߸֮ǰ滹аѹһħѾգºʵ߶Ѿ
֮£һħ޵аʵҲѾԶѣȻҪ޴Ĵۡ
ǵһħ涼Ը֮ƴһȻս
һ޾ԨλںϣֱԨ׻ƿصԨλ֮С
޾Ԩλںһ֮Ԩ׻貣֮һƽǴ̣һ޽ӽ߼ĿֲϢӵkֱ
һαۣ
ɻʳֶһαۣ
Ҳûе֮λɻʳֶһߣ

һصĿռ֮УеǿжһĨɵ֮ɫ
޾Ԩ֮Уһ޴ޱȣԽ˲֮λĿֲλ档һλ룬һ̻ԻͺԨ׻ǻ֮УһɿȵߵĿֲǴӵk֮
ԨħʥıԴ֮ҽһԨλں֮Ԩ׻ͻ˼ޣﵽһµĲΡڵk޾Ԩλ֮Уkܹӳȵ߼ĿֲսºҲδǵkĶ֡һ뿪λ棬Ԩ׻һȽǿİۣսʮʥͽ൱
⻷֮вܹӳսǿ߻϶֮Ϊαۡϵ֮У󲿷ֵαֻۡһЩ£ǴԶʱڻӵƥеߵ
Ԩ׻ںһ޾Ԩ֮󣬱Ѿﵽ˼ޣҲ޷ں޾Ԩλ档
ֻеһħ޵аܹ޵ں޾Ԩ
˵֮еһħʱ޾Ԩһľ޴λ档޾Ԩλ֮Уһħϣ޵еĴڡ
˵֮еһħһֲޱȵߣԳֻܣشŲò֮СڶħһħĻᡣ
ʷ֮УһħҲǿĵ֮һŻóһ·õk뿪ʱϵһħҲûбʤİա
һħȥ޾ԨҲû棬ȫ
ʿսһӿ޾Ԩ֮ж޾ԨпԴԴϵԨӿ֮λ棬ɻʳʿһ˷ܲѡ
֮λһƬ޾ɫˮֵĺ
һâ΢΢һһƬɫĺϷ
֮ºʣ
һһƬɫĺ֮𵴡
֮
kôˣ
kѵҪº壿

ɫ·ЩºǿǶ֮е棬г˼ɵη֮ɫ
ɻʳѣһ־ͽ޾ԨƿУնɱ˵ħ棬ȻºǿǼɵѡ
ɫĺȻڹտĳֲˮֱӸ֣ſصա
ʮľɫŮʢװЦӯӯվߡ
ɫŮ֮УվһʳľŮʮ㣬޹Ⱥºʡ
֮룡
ºȻһЦһ죬ɫĴֱӷֿһʥϢĽֱӸ֣ͨһףͬλһع
浭һЦֱ̤һʥϢĽݡ
һ侫Ĺ֮ڣºʶ˷ֱ¡
ºʵ֮ǰΪ£
޽ṥͬ˵ԼǹǿϮһͬսǿ߼ս
֣Ϊֿǿ˲أҸ˾޴Ĵۡ
֮ʼսʱǿ߾һԿϷҪǿܾˡ־һҪı䡣
ºȻһЦݺĵһǶģ֮ģǿϮºض֡ԼǾͲǩ˰ɣ
浭Լǩôº뿪֮λ棡֮λֻЩԸǿ߼սȺס
һ֮һ±ñ
֮λʿĺģϵĸաֵߵıءĹѨһµַ֡
Ψڲ֮λʥأܹһȺϵıøǿ
ºʵڲ֮λסǿ߶ǩԼ𣿡
ûκβԸǩԼʥϵĴڣ뿪֮λ棬ͻܵɻʳ׷ɱ
ºʳһϵãǩ
һ֣һڤֱӸ֣ȡһ˿˿ڤӵ־γһƬɫԼ
ºϸĿһᣬʮֹϵǩԼ֡
ܽݡ
Դ뿪֮󣬾Ҳṳ̂ϹһƬԽǿ󣬾Խܹо֮ŵĿֲ
ħɽǲ֮λľյ֮һʥ߽ж䡣
һҫħɽ֮ǰ
ħɽŨŨħ֮УɢһءΣյϢ
֮
ŨŨħһ󷭹һͨħɽֱͨӸ֡
ħ֮еһߴǧӡľ޴󹬵
浭һЦֱ̤һͨޱȵľ޴ħ
ã֮֮ʮֱǸڻûеѵʱֻܹ̬㡣
Ǿ޴ħһ֮ϣһɫħʯħʯ֮Уһħ˵ʯһʯɢŵ߼
֮ǰҪǩͬ˵Լ
潫º˵Ļٴ˵һ顣
֮üͷ΢΢һڻûеҳʱҲμս𣿡
ɳһ߼սھ뿪֮λǰλȴյʱ
֮һɳһ߼սɡ
֮λ࣬طյĵ߲ܹǰգһָȫʢսͬʱҲܹľˡû˻׵ķ
֮λɽ
Ƭɽ֮У鲼ǿޱȵĽħκǿ߽˵أ޷ʹ÷ʥҲ⡣
ɽϷһҫһ³ɽϿա
֮񣡣
һһɽ֮𵴿
֮
kˣ֮
ĵھʿʵۣ

ɽ֮Уһǿޱȵǿ߷׷濴ȥг˺档


1315 ˫滨
ɽϷһҫһǳֱӴ֮и֣硣
һ߰ףϰͭɫһֿǳֱ֮ӸֺЦ֮Ǻúúһ
΢΢һЦҲһǳ֮ڡ
֮Ŵǿǳ֮зɳ
棬һһݷЩڲ֮λĵߡ
Щߴ󲿷ֶѡǩͬˣӦڹʱ֡ҲмֱѡȺ˲֮λ档ͬʱҲм涼ûֱѡ뿪
ʱţʮת˲ȥ
һӡͨڵλãǿŤ֮ӿһޱȣ·澫ĻȻš
һޱȵĻһţҫޱȵĹâÿһ
һһޱȵĻͱôǳһڲϵ˲֮λֹͣ
֮λһɽ֮ϣеġɫ֮ȻϵĲһ˿˿ޱȵǡɫ֮
ڳˣҽߵĻԵ
˫һųޱȵԣ¶һ˿ϲõЦݣ΢΢һΣһ´ԭʧ
һâҫ֮Уһһĵߡ
ʲô
һƬ֮ڣһޱȣ޴Խ˲֮λĻ䣬һĨɻ֮ɫ
һػҲ
˫滨Ψ໥ɵĩٲŻֵĴڣ̺һ˿
ºʴ֮֮߳һ˿˿ޱȵɻ
˫滨̺Ž֮һ
֮һҲΣգ
ΣҪƴһƴ

һֲޱȵĵ֮Уһ޴ޱȵĻж˷֮ɫ
ºʺʵ˫滨ʲô
ֻĩٲܹĻ䣬ҪıԴܹ֮
˫滨ᴩ棬֮⣬κǿ߶ܹ˫滨֮ڡ˫滨һ֣֮ڵ㡣ʱ潫һõͨеȶͨº֮һĨ֮ɫ
һĨ֮ɫ׷ʵ˫滨֮нʲô
ʿڵܼϵͣȫգҲֻܹһǿ߽㡣
º֪̾˫滨֮Уÿһν۵ȷΨһԿ϶ǣֻҪǽһ֪ǽʲô
һᣬҲ΢΢ͷ
κһ߶ӵг֪ǽkֻҪһܹӦ
һɫĹײֱӴԶ֣ɵ֮УײĸֱӱƿһֲԨħͷϳһֻħǣһԶħ֮ɢһɿֲħò׵ǿߴǹײ֮л߳
һħ޾Ԩĵһħ
kȻʱˣ
k޵аǿߣ
һεkƴˣΪǽʲô˲ˡ
ڻ޵аǿ߸յʱkһգûеõˣkƴˣ

֮еǿһǵһħж¶һ˿˿𺧵Ŀ⡣
ʿڵܼѾͨĵ߸գ޵аĵҪڸն븶޴ޱȵĴۡ
һħһĿϣ˫ײޱȵħ⡣
ºĬĬ߿k֮Ľ飬ûдﵽҪһͬԿһ޵аĵߡ
֮ɨ޾ԨкϷˣ
һħǱ޾Ԩ֮иߡһ£ضдս

֮УһǿߵĿ֮жڴkǶһħһս˭ʤ˭Եk˵һǿ֡
һ˿˿ҫӰ֮߳վߣһħӡ
ʣ
ʣ
Ȼʱ̸ʣ

һĽޱȵĿһ¼ϡ
Ĵڣ֮ĵλ̩ɽɻʳ֮֮еĵ߶˱ᣬΪĴڡ
һħ֮ҲĿ΢΢һһߵǰ
һħĿһ۵֮ҪԨָ֮
޾ԨĿǰƿ֮УԵһħȫֱӳȡ޾ԨָԼΪһͻ档
룡
ޱȵӡڵһħҫһɺޱߣֲ׵޾Ԩ֮ӿڤڤ֮е֣ͨһû˵һħ֮ڡ
ǵһħϢҲԽԽֲԽԽǿ
һħk޵а
Ȼûô򵥿Իã

Щ֮еĶǿǿŵһħжһĨ֮ɫ
һЩµĴСһħճ֮˵Ŀⶼ˵һħϡ
һɺޱߵĿֲԶϯһͷϳǣһɫսףòӢޱȣȴɢһɰԾأ޵ʵһ
ıһˣӡ
ۣ
kҲһ޵аĵߣ
kҲ̲סˣ

ЩصǿǿҲһĨ֮ɫ
֮ľ֦մ½һҪ
̤նУǰд޾İһɺޱ߼޾֮ϯȥ
һĨâҪж֦մ½Ǿ֮λɻʳһս
ܺã֮һᵽ֮λҪһС
һ䣬ת뿪ߵһߡ
ĿһۣһĨ֮ɫ۵ߵһߡ
ߵӿ棬һ˿˿֮ɫӺճʱΪԼѹ£ӶԵ̤򡣿ϧȴУӴ˲ڲŽ״ʥڣѾͬһ档
һֽɫĴմԶֱӸ֣һͷǳȼŽ֮׵ڴԶ
ڴۣ
һ޵аĵߣ
Ѿǵ޵аĵߣ
kҲˣ

ЩΧ۵ǿһһͷſֲ׽һǳճɻң޴ޱȵڣһĨɵ֮ɫ
ǽڴҲǹʱһ޵а޵һʱʳߡ


1316 
һޱȵӡҫǽڴһ˫һ¿ԽֱӽٵƬ֮С
ãã֮Уûλ汾ԴֻҪֿͨռ䷨ڵ߼ǿ˵һԽ궼ʮ
ڴһƬգֲĽ֮ɨһ£Ȼ˵һħ۵ϡ
ֻеһħ޵аܹһһڴۡ˶kС
һĨ֮ɫʿ磬ԻȻ˶ǿߣϧЩһﲻܼ֡ߵö࣬ҲԲֹʮߣ
塢ʮʥ塣Ͻֻʮʿʵۼĵߡв֮֮Ѿ䡣Ӧýֻʮʿʵۼĵߡ
˫滨Χ޵а߾Ѿ淢ֵĵͳʮϡ
ʿǿ֮࣬ǹϾʿܼҪܼ߰ۼǿֻࡣ
Ȼ֮򣬼ȡ̫ԴÿһʱĵĿҲʿһЩɾˣ»֮£ĵҲһ˵Ŀ
濴һǿһĨâĩ٣Ҳս֮䡣ҲõĻᡣڹȥʱûһ˿ĻᡣʱҲõʱ
˫滨
汾Դ֯γɵıԴ磬ӵޱȵĻԵ
棬Ҳӵн׵ߵ

һâҫһʥʿۼǿߴԶԶЩĶ˫滨̰֮ɫ
֮⣬κ˶Խ˫滨֮ڡ˵֮У˫滨֮ڣӵ޾ĻԵҲӵпðһٽΪߵ
˫滨һΣһҪ棬ҵһ׵ߣԽ֮
ڰ֮У˫ȭգĹâ
ʿ֮ʥԤԤ֮Уǲ֮λʿһʱľ콾ӵн׳Ϊھʿʵ۵Ǳ
ճһ·;·еͳͳնɱӶһлԵŹκһǿԼĻᣬյǶ۷壬ھʿʳɻʳѹ죬۵ͷ
ȻѹƣɵkϾһʱɫ콾Ӳ˰֮սҲֻͬһ֮ң
֮һᳬԽ㣡
һʱҲһܹ׵ߵˣ˫滨Ļᣡ
ǳ֮Ҳǽ֮󣬲һٷܾǿСһᳬԽ㣡֮

Щÿһͨй֮еĹ콾֮е콾kһĸͬ޵һʱľǿߣȻһѹơ˫滨ǵkΨһ׷ϲҳԽĻᡣ
һһ˫滨һųޱȵĹâһʥޱȵĻ۷裬˫滨ͬһʥĹȦ֮С
һɫٴ˫滨֮
һһɫ٣ڴ˫һһȳ򣬻һһ·ɵһɫ֮ϡ
һɫһֱӽڴ۾˫滨֮ڡ
һɫֱ֮Ϊ֮ÿһ涼ֻǧ֮һǿߵϾͻʧһ
һɹǿޱȵĵѹƬһ߶ǡ֮ȥ
޵аʮߣ̹Ȼ񡣿ϧ㣬վ޷һ档
վһ֮ǰĿһǿޱȵĴڽ档
Щ߽֮ЩۡʥҲ΢΢һΣǡ֮ȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һʥһ֣âҫһɫĹâɳǡ֮ȥ
һɲ֮䣬֮ϣͶһֻֻɫճ档
һâ΢΢һЩ֮;Щճֱʧ
ʥڸʲô
ʥ

֮Уһʥߡʥŭޱȵŭ֮
һʥŷ֮ɫЦҷ֮ǣЩûʸ˫滨֮Դ
֮
֮ΪʲôҪô
֮𣿡

ЩʥߡʥǱһŭҪɱʥţֻܹҧסֻܹʥŭĿӡkǸʥ
ʲôʱ´ô֪
һһƬ֮и֣汾һ³֮УĮޱȵĿʥ
ɡ֮
ʥһ棬ʱŵѪɫһ³Ծ޴ޱȵճᣬԶֱӷȥ
Ȼðҵ䣬ôĹ
һ֮дһֲޱȵĴ˺Ѳ񷣬ʥһץ
һͷͷǿޱȵħʥ֮зɳͼǿֲޱȵĴֿ⡣
һɺڶֱǴ֮ϸ֣ħֱɣ˳һ󣬽ʥֱС
һޱȵĻе׶ֱӴ̳һ´ʥԴ棬˵kĴԼ֮ڣȡ鱨
ԭǹ沼õİ֮һȻʱ
һɺڶֱӸ֣ʥֱɡ
һ̤һ֮ϣ˲ʧ
ÿֲ̫֮ǿˣ
ɱʥɱϣ֮ǿֲ
һЩ߶ܻɱʥɱϣ֮øǿˡ

ЩʥߡʥٴθоĿֲɻʳЩС˼ֱѹ
һ˫滨磬ͿһƬƬɭֺ޾ɽ綼һޱȵ֮С
ŨǸܼʿ͹໥ɡԴɱγɵ磡ϧ淨ȫȫֱӽ׵ߣ
һһĨϧĹâӴޱȵ֮˷ϯȥ
һȺʥ߼磬ʥߣ
Ӵޱȵһ¾͸Ӧһ޴ޱȵɽ֮Уһʥʿ
ʥʿʿ֮жԳΪһػػ񣬿ȴͬײһ㣬洦ɼֵһᡣ
˵֮еıĻϵ׵ߵĿֲʿҲֹֻţû뵽Ȼһš˫滨̺汾ԴʥأȻֱﶼС
һɨʱ֮⣬һƬĻ֮еһɢĻ֮ˮɣʱһ


1317 Ļ׽׵
һ̤Ļ֮ڣһɹޱȵ֮УǰľɫһŤ
Ҫҽþƾǻ첻
һЦĻֱӸ֣һֻħ۴Ļ֮ſһƬĻ֮еĻ֮
һֲޱȵĻ֮и֣һĻ֮һͷͷüӡͬһֻֻСһĻֱӸ֡
ЩĻÿһʥʿĴڣһͷ֮ࡣʥʿһ۶֮ΪСЩĻһĻ׾ͬèһ㣬˷ȥ
Ļ׹â΢΢һ˿ֱһͷͷĻ޵ϡ
һͷͷĻһʮֹĸɱĻڡ
µʮۼе֮УҲֻĻ׵ĽǱǿӵн׵ߵǱ
Ļ֮УĻޣǰۼǿ߽˵أвҲᱻkֱԻĳ֮С
Ļ׿һ·ɨܿͽĻ֮
Ļ֮һɢĻ֮ˮɻˮɻĻ֮һöɫĹʵ
һöɫĹʵǴ˵֮еһԻΪİ۷Ĵһ̷һöͿԽ׵ߡ
ԱߣһһĿֲħߣޱȵӡҫɢһ˿˿ۼĿֲ
һͷȵҪ޴ĿֲħߺȻ壬һȥ֮һɢĻޱȵĲ
ۼνߣһǳǻͳͳξ߲ѡǻξ֮ΪӵнΪߵǱһö˵ܹһٽ׵ߡϧңֻܹˡ
һ洫ֱӷֿĻ֮һ³νǰһȭνߵ֮ϡ
ûκһͷν߷·òһ㣬һĹ顣
Ļֱӷɳ֮ſڶһһͷνߵĲֱա
ֽȡߣȻüͷ΢΢һ壬ź󷽿ȥ
һֲޱȵӺϯһͷϳźɫǣϴһɫսףòףɢһΨҶϢǿһ
ȻҪıȴҲһһһĵر㣬ǹǿߣǾ͸ȥɣסˣɱǺۣ
۴֮߳ɭޱȵɱ̽צֱһץһֲޱȵ˺Ѳ񷣬ѹһУѹȥ
κΰۼǿ߱Ǻôһץᱻkֱ󱬣һʬ塣
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֮
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صӡǺ۵֮и֣һֲޱȵ֮˲䱬һצֱץȥ
һļµ֮Уһֲޱȵĺɫһײ֮ڡ
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ʣ֮Ҽסˣ
һĨ޾ԹУ⣬׼ʩչѴ˵ء
ӰϢĸֳ֣֡Ӱìֱһ̣һ˲ʹ˺۵ۼףᴩ˵kͷ­Լ꣬kֱӶס
ֱһٴγ£ݺݵĳں۵֮ϣkһش
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǺֱӾУŵkԴ
Ǻ۱ҲһʵǿޱȵĵߣëԳۻҪʤϧһʼͶȫرӰ͵ϮǾףһٽkɱ
սǺ۾㲻УҲʩչطѡ
Ǻ۵ԴоԼĵ̲һĨ֮ɫ˫滨Ȼӵҽ׵ߵԵ
ģ
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Ļһ£һɲ֮䣬ޱȵӡڵk֮и֣һɹ׵Ļ֮ڵk֮л
ӡҫһɿֲޱȵ֮Ļ׵֮и֣Ļ֮
Ļ֮һڣӴޱȵĻ֮ԴԴϵĻ׵ڣõkøӵǿͿֲ
ʮ֮Ļ֮ͱĻһգһ˿˿ߵϢkȻֱͻ˵߼ڣΪһ߼Ŀֲڡ
濴Ļ׽׵оǲȱĽ׵ߣҲھͽ׵ߡһҽĻͻ֡
Ļ׵ߣûյԭֻӵеߵսûʲô϶㡣
־ĴڣȻַ׵ߡ
ǿӦñö࣡۵Ҳһ
΢΢һȡǡ۵ߡֱӴϣһâ΢΢һֱӱΪ˺ۣϢǺһģһ겨Ҳ޶¡
һâ΢΢һ㡢ӰĻǿֱ߱ʧߡ
֮ѹƣ˫滨һĽ𣿡
֮һɨܹ׸һɨ豻ֱѹֻܹɨ跽Բǧ֮ء
ãã֮УһɨԲʮĴᱻɨ衣ڲ֮λ棬һɨҲԸǷԲλ汾ԴѹƵ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһһִǣϰǾ°ŽɫԵĵߴԶһǰ
Ǻ۵ļ֮е֪һŴִǣŽɫԵĵǹһϵ߽֮սǿޱȣȺۻҪʤһ
ʿĵ߳ߣȴĩ٣һ˿ڹ֮УͬҲ߳ߣȴĩ٣
ܼʿܼ߰ѹ棬۶ôŵڽ׵֮ٴν㡣κڹ㣬ֻ·һ
Ψĩ٣໥ɵʱ߲ŻЩĵǳ֮λ


1318 նɱ֮
̰֮֮ɫۣһʲôջ񣿡
֮Ǳ߿Լֻ֮ܣò˵
֮һḬ֮̃ɫö˽ߵı
κܹ˽ߵıǾ֮еľ䡣ڹ֮УֵĴҲʮΡ
֪жٻİǿ߿һöıͬʱЩ֮ͨĵ߻֮Ҳkǵս
֮ͬĿֲʳ֮Ҳ֮ӶԻĿԡ
ۣ֮ȥΣ
㶼ǵ߼ǿߣǶ֣֮Ҳɵ֣ҪҺ֡
ֱһ⣺ãô֣
֮һһöҡһΣҿ԰һöͬȼֵĵر
նľܾУҪôͽϵıѡʮھѡһսɹҶ˻ʮҳ֮⣬һֵջͳͳҡ
ּۻۣ֮еһ˿Ҳɢȥ˳֮Уһҧã
֮һ֣ޱȵӡҫһޱȵСһ³֮С
С棬ҫŲ֪ٱκһһ˵УԻΪһ˵Ľָıһ˵ˡ
ѡɣ
֮һĨʹ֮ɫⱦ֮еıﶼޱȣвپǶһҲʮ󡣲Щһȣʲôǡ
ã
кâһϡסӡҫһģģӰֱӸںϡ
һս֮и֣ͬһһ㣬Žֱ֮Ӵȥ
ʱռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣һγһֲޱâŽ֮ȥ
֮
֮һĨ֮ɫһޱȵӡ֣һŽ⡣
һꪴǽ֮֮ϣǽ֮ڣ㱻ס޷
֮ʵֲޱȣԷơkԽ޵аĵߡ
ֱӴ֮и֣Ӷ֮ޡݺһ˽֮ͷǽ֮Դѿ
ĻֱӸ֣֮ſһֻħۣһޱȵĻ֮˲ڽ֮֮ϡ
֮ˣʥΨһǶԻĿĻ׵Ļһգ궼ѣ֮һ˲
һ˲䣬Ӱֱӳֳ֣֡Ӱìֱһ̣һֱӹᴩ˽֮ࡣ
ߵ͵Ϯ֮£ǽ֮һ¾ͱش
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǽֱ֮棬ŵkԴ
һĨ˷֮ɫ̫ˣǵ߱ԴҵĻ۸ӻ˫滨֮ڵĵ߶˵ĲƷ
һλαװ˺ۣܹһ͵Ϯ֮֡ȻȻܹܵkҪɱkҲʮѡ
澲ķ˼һսĵʧ
ÿһ߶λ涥ĿֲڡʱѾӵ߼֣Ͻ֮Զŵ߻ܵk򵥣ҪɱkȴȻʮѡҲý֮ɾ裬һ͵Ϯ֣֮ɱ
ڹ֮нιʶ˱Ƚ֮Ҫöࡣõk˫滨֮ߡ
ֱӱ仯Ϊ۵Σ˫滨ȥ
ǿ̽˷ȥ̽˫滨صһͳͳ档
˫滨֮ڣһɽ֮ϣһߴףŻƽĻƽ̫յĻﴦվһˣǻƽӡ
ǻƽ̫յĹʵҽ׵ֶһɵİա
ƽӿǻƽ̫һö費ƽĹʵһĨ֮ɫ
ʿ֮еĻƽӣȱһͷޡ͸ҵްɣ
һ֮һͷϳһֻǣòӢ˼Ӵ֮߳һϷʵŻƽӿȥ
ߣ
ƽһǳŰǵӣɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣصӡҫһƽâԶȥ
ƽ츳޵һʱľ콾һȣֵһᡣ
ܹΪҹ֮ޣңҽʱҲ˳㽫Ϊһߣ
֮һЦһһγɵĴڵkĽ£һɲǾͿԽʮڻƽһץ
һǻƽӵһƽҫһرֱӸ֡
һֻƤС룡
֮΢΢һЦһ㣬һָڻƽӷųر֮ϡ
һر޾İһâֱӷӡ
ƽҲǰ֮£һȭͷСİ룬˫ʧȥɡ
ƽӾѹˣ̫ˣ
˵ŮԶ֮ͨۿ߷һУһ󷢺΢΢һΣֱʩչطʧ
һֻѪСˣӵ죡ϧˣ
֮ŷ˵ŮڵķһۣһĨϧ֮ɫ
˵ŮϾһۼǿߣͨطkڵһʱʩչطϢֱߣ֮ĿֲǿҲҵk
ҪɱңͶ
һɽ֮УһʿʥһĴʥధš
ɣ壡
һĴʥһЦצһ̽һ´ʿʥͷ­ʥߵͷ­һצ󱬡
ҹɲҵˣƬҹɲݣҾлΪһۼǿߣ
һʥĿһڲԶ֮Ƭɫ֮ϣޱȵ⡣
һ޴ޱȵͷȻӴ֮и֣һʥһֱӾǴʥһѪ֮ڣʧ
˫滨֮ڣѵһĵرͬҲա
ʿǿ߶˫滨֮໥ɱǿ䡣
滯˫滨֮ţǿ̽߷鱨ٴΰһΪɽ֮ĵߣ˵kԴͬʱɼޱȵԴ
ÿһ߶һ޴ıأӵɵͬ˵kЯıһ±
㡢Ӱ֮Ҳߵı֮ޱȵĿÿһ˵ʵֱһ֮ޡ


1319 Դ
һȼ޾ɽɽۣһҺҺʢһޱȵ껨䡣
껨껨֮ϣֱһͷˡһͷ롢һͷصĹâ
׻ҵã
֮һ΢΢һ˵Ůһ³Ƭ֮У֮һĨʣһ׻ֱӷȥ
һͷѪķˣ治Ե֮ӵߡ
һԴа֮дһֻͷͷŤһͷ­鲼ɫƬһɫԼһβĿֲߴ֮зɳ
ĵߣ
˵ŮһĻʧɫĵѣûκԥһ³һԷ֮Ҳûж࿴׻һۣȼշ˾ѪԶȥ
ùϣϲĵ˵ˣ֮ˣ
֮һЦ֮УһŤޱȵĺڰ˺Ѳ񷣬Ƿ˵Ůһˢ
˵ŮһڰһˢʱһͷĿѣ֮׹䡣
˵kӦܹһ˿
֮һĨаĹâһ̤ԽǷ˵ŮǰǷ˵Ůץȥ
ôɱ첻ǵߵ
˵ŮŤ֮һȻ֮ž֮ɫ
ס֣֮ҵ
һԵһֻī̺޾֮Ŀֲצ֮ݺݵץȥ
ۣʲô
֮һĨŭ֮ɫȭһ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уֱ֮ӱɳȥһ¸ֳһ˿˿ڵĺۼݺݵĵ֮е棬г˼ʺԹ֮ɫ
֮һͷһͷħϵµĳҲᡣkѪȫȲϺ
֮һܴѪ׵ߣڵk۷һ֮УһöĹʵõk˵ĴѪ׵ߡ
ˣ֮ѪȻԶԶȲϺۣѹơ
б֮һۣһЦɭޱȣһ˿˿ɱֻѪܴҿˣô֮Ҫҽ𣿡
֮ۿƣҵkʵڵ֮ҲһУǿڳ֣Ҳмְսkɱ
֮ʮ־裬ǿջЦȻϲǾȥ
һУ˵ŮֱӷУӡҫû˷˵Ů֮С
ǱԸգǵķ˵Ůһ˲һƴСŮż
֮Ŀ΢΢һ۵ʵֱǿˣ
Ц׻Ҳˣû
֮һĨŭɫû
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨɭޱȵɱ⣺һ̡ҪҪǿиɵk
ĻףһߣܹĻ֮ҪɱkȴеѶȡ
ôСĵߣҲһԽ۵Ŀֲ콾Ҫǿɱһߣʮѡ
֮ȻСĽ滯ĺ˽ģ֮£ҪǿɱkЩѶȡ
֮·оɱ⣬Ŀ΢΢һ˼һ˿˿ޱȵ
ϧûлˣ
еɱһţĿԶȥһĨϧ֮ɫ
Զһͷϳ߷ĻԸУò޾׵ľɫŮԼһ뷢԰ףͨʺɫӴԶһ˵ǰ
֮æǰ״֮ĸֻ֮Сҵȴֱˡ˵ǲӦ⳥㶫ң
֮ĸһЦԭҹ֮ԴǹȥԴ֮еıǹȥ
Ŀ΢΢һԭҹ֮ǹ֮һ޵аĵߣʵֲޱȣǹϣߵĵ֮һ
֮۾΢΢һϵԴȥȻȥ
Դ̺ԭĿֲԴ֮лᵮޱȵĵر˽ı
ʮֹϵҲȥ
ĵ΢΢һԶȥ
˫滨ıһƬ޾ԭɵԴ
һƬԴıԴݻɵĴڣһܹٴ˵أһһڽԴ£kǵʵ
ĵâһԴıԵ
ǹĵ̣ȻǿþˣȻôߣ
ΧһĿʱ΢΢һ
ԴıԵһվʮˣÿһǵ߼ǿߡ
޵аǿߣûһʮʥǿߡô˵ʮʥ֮еʮߣӦþߵĳӡЩǲԸ֧ܵĵߡ
濴һʵ˵ĵߣ˼ĿΪ׵ϣһĨ֮ɫ
߷ֱһһɫƤ£ޱȵꡣһͷϳһɰԵϢӡһò˫ȴصӡһݿ£ȴɢһǻϢߡ
Ǻԭҹ֮ͷϳ֮˫۳ص֮һݿµ֮档
ԭҹ֮˵ǹһŴޱȵĺڰǵĴڣһһֲޱȵĵߡ
֮һֲޱȵĴѪǹһ֮ر仯һֲѪʵޱȡkϣһΪ˵ߡ
֮ǹ֮һ޾ɽɣǿޱȣɱߡ
֮һñ֮˪ҪԶĵߣ֮˪֮λ
Ĵǿ߶޵аĿֲڣɱߡ
Ҫ֪κһ߶һ涥ɱkǵѶȼֱͬնֱܷɱһߣͨ޵аķֽߡ
޵аǿߣһ׽ĵߡ
ĵ߶⣬ԼγһСȦӡ
ûԥֱ֮ԡ
֮Ѫ֮ͬ˽ҲȽϺá
濴ԶŵʿǿһĨ֮ɫֱʵΪʲô˺kǣ
һ֮⣬ͬվһȺˣЩʿĵߡ
޵аĵ֮⣬ʿ绹ʮ߻۵ԴıԵ
ǿߵʵԶԶʿĵ֮ϡ
֮Դ֮һ쿴ȥ֮ɫڲУɱܾˣǾ˭Ҳ޷Ƕһ֮һ֮ϣӵ


1320 նɱľ֮
濴Դ΢΢һһ㡣
һޱȵûһԵʯ֮ϣʯϣӡҫһһ˴Сӵǿʿʯ֡
һͷʯһԴ֮ǰԴֱһ̡
һͷʯֽӴԴһ˲䣬һķ飬һ˿ޱȵûԴ֮ڡ
֮һĨ֮ɫûõģԴڻһжԭһߣԴ֮ˣҲᱻڻΪԴһ֡
߼ǿߣѾλۣ֮ͬǿ֮⣬ûʲôյؿ˺kǡ
Դǿвļ־֮һ
˫֮иֳصӡԴŽԴȷʵ߶ܹڻĸܼҵġס˵ȴǴ֮
Դ֮еĺˮҲһξҪһǧʱ⡣ôԴˮֱ޷ȫ
桾סڶӵĦʯһޱȵʯԴΪá
ڻѨ沢ûǾ˵һߡ
֮һ㣬һȿռֱӸ֣Ȼ
֮ռ䴫ͷѹơ
֮ĸһ㣬һֻƴıֱӷɳԴȥ
һֻոշɵԴϷһͷ׹䣬Դֱڻ
֮ĸһĨ֮ɫǿĽ֮Ȼ޷衣
һսǿĳkΨһǿ֮ɵķ衣޷еĽ֮أkܹɵķ衣
޷Դ֮з裬ζżûһ߿Դ֮з衣
֮ڵ֮⣬ûκܹԼԴΨԭҶ֣֮ǲܹԴִ֮
һЩֲĵʩչַʵ飬ûܹԴ
һ֮ĵԴԵ
ʿӪ֮УҲһߡ
Դ룬һޱȵϼ⸡֣һƬƬҶ֮һ·ɳ䵽˵ǰһҶ
һâһǶ˸ԵԭҶ֮
һ̤ԼԭҶ֮΢΢һԭҶ֮Զ֮ķƶ
ԭҶ֮ո߳Դ֮кȻڹһͷֲޱȵֱӴԴ֮и֣޵аĿֲŹһߺݺץȥ

һĵɫ䣬һŭһ±仯Ϊһߴ׵ľˣֳһ޸ݺݵһͷֲնȥ
¡
һ֮Уǿֲޱȵľ޸һ飬˳ƽһĵߺԴ֮ڡ
ң
һĵһԴ֮ڣһ¸ֳһ磬е
Դʴ֮£һĵķһ
ָɵk
֮һĨâصӡҫһͷ֣һɿֲޱȵ֮ſһ硣
һֲ׵ֱһ⣬һһͷ֮ϣͷһֲޱȵĶѨ
ͷ޵аһشԴ֮һڣһͷ롢һͷһͷѡһͷڡһͷߡһͷˡһͷ䡢һͷ׻ֱӸ֣ɢſֲޱȵϢʿĵ߹ȥ
Դ֮ӿĹÿһͷӵ޵аĿֲԴ֮иײޱȣÿһӵƵЩǲòȫֵ
ľ֮ס㣡
һͬŴͺϵ֮ԦԭҶ֮亣ĵȥ
ͨİһԴ֮УʮͻᱻֱڻΪԴ֮еһ֡Ǿľ֮ȴǿޱȣȻԴʴȴȻʩչγһ磬֧š
ľ֮ı⣬ѡʮҾ;㡣
Ŀ˸ԦԭҶ֮е
ĵŴԣ¶һ˿Ц
Ը̰ޱȣϲռȻΣʱ̣Ȼû٣Щĵжʮӡ
ãҵˣһʮ
ľ֮ʮֹϣԼı⣬һ޴Сһ¸Ϸ汦ҫС
ۼֿ죬һץֱӽľ֮֮п߼صʮץУȻһץһץھľֱ֮֮ϣһԼԭҶ֮ϡ
Сģ
Ǿľ֮ոյԭҶ֮һӲԶ֮֮д
ǻһſڣһ̺޾֮ԻһеĻ֮һľ֮ԭҶֱ֮Ӻȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һ֣һһޱȵɴ֮ϣʮֹϵԴ֮ڡ
һԴ͸оԼĻ翪ʼѸٵıԴֽ⣬еԴա
ϵġסâ΢΢һĦʯԴ֮еĺˮǡס仯Ϊһ͸ɴ֮ϣõkܹԴ֮ɵĴС
⵨СΪʲô֣Դ֮Уֻ·һ
ľ֮һĨŭ֮ɫŭһҫӡһɫľһ¸֣ڵkǰ
һŻ֮һ˲ɫľ֮ϣɫľֱ˺飬˳ƺھľ֮֮ϣǾľ֮һԴ֮ڡ
һΣľ֮һ±뺣а֮£ˮʴŵk꣬Ҫkֽ⡣
ľ֮ӡҫγһ磬ĵֵԴʴ
仯ɵĺһ˹
ľ֮һ棬һĨϲɫʩչطǿһ´Ժ֮Уңۣҿٸʮ
΢΢һЦһε˾ľ֮ߣһ¸ֳһֻƽǣͬһƽһ㣬ֱһ̣ᴩ˾ľ֮ķ磬˾ľ֮֮ϡ
㲻Ǻۣ֮ôܣ겨ôαװһģһ
ľ֮һĨ֮ɫ˻ߵغ
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǿľ֮֮ϣǾľֱ֮ɡ
ӴޱȵԴԴԴϵûڣøӵĿֲǿ
ȻԼɵߣ֮֮ϵҪ
Դ֮ϼսĵǿһۣ΢΢һ΢΢һ䣬ֱӱһ֮ߣԴĵ췽ֱ˹ȥ


1321 ս֮
Դ֮УһͷһͷԴ۶ɵ飬ÿһͷɢ׵Ϣ
Щ鼶ĳﲢʵڣԭ۶ɵĴڡkȻӵ޵аʵսȴȲһĵߡ
ˣЩ鼶ĳһ޵аĵҲᱻɱ
ǻ۵αװΪһԭγɵĻ֮ߣһ·֮ϳͨ衣
һ֮֮ǰĺһ˿˿ϢĴӺγһ֮ȥ
һǿ󵽼ų֮֮дҪųȥ
߼ųܹ֮סҡ
浭һЦһ̤֮Ŀ֮뿴ȥ֮ɫ
һ˿˿˵Ϣ֮봫
Դӻ֮ԡ㷨ΪѾ˷򣬶෨Ҳӵǿƿ
漸ȵߵʵԲ˵һͨս溣ʿ
֮УܹӦһ˿˿˵Ϣ΢΢һΣ֮ķֱӷӶȥ
¡¡
һ֮УһɫĴɽһѿɫӡγһ߼Ҿޱ飬ֳһսìݺݵȥ

һĨâֳ֮֡ܡֱӻһֲޱȵ⣬һҾ˺ݺݵײȥ
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һ춯صľ֮Уֱӱɳ֮⣬ҾҲʮ
һâ΢΢һֱӴ֮߳Ӷ֮ޡ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺһҾ˵ͷ
һɷǳľΰ˲䱬Ҿ˵Դһըѿ
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ҿ˵ֱɣĳȡŵkԴ
澲ķţԴϡ٣ֻдʥĳ̶ȡĵ̫ˡȴӵ߼
κһ߼ǿ߶¡ɱյĴڡҲֻ˫滨֮л汾Դľܹ˶αߵĿֲڡ
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һҵ춯֮Уʮž޴ޱȵĹ֮һ¸ֳصӡ˲䱬ȵ߼Ŀֲ
ҿûʱ˷ѣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬֮һҫĻеһ¸֣ʮŵ߼Ĺȥ
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ʮŵ߼ĹӶ٣̺ſֲޱȵ壬֮Ļеױ촷ۡ
ЩֵĻе׶ʿǿ壬սͬ;ףǵ߼ĹϺһ˺ۡ
ԼµĻеǵ߹ɱʱֱ֮ȥ
Դ֮ϣӵߴ޵аǿߣԼ߼ǿߡֻҪﵢһ¾ͻ
ǵ߹֣һƬ಻ɽֱӳ֡
ӡҫһƬ಻ɽһ´һɹɿֲޱȵϢ
֣
Ŀ
һָһռŴ򿪡kı߼һ¸֣һšڡ֮ӡҫ
һԻһеĿֲǡڡ֮кһ಻ɽ֮ϡǹ֮еɽͳͳΪƽء
һɲľ޴ֳƬɽ֮С
Щɽ߻ûͱֱӸɵ
һ֮߼һʧ
ǡڡۿһһ޵аĵߣĿǰйǿ
Щ߶ŸǿޱȵطҪáڡеkǣǽkǱƵõһòӲӵơ
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǿɽڵķһһֻûȫɢĵ߱Դɡ
̻ǾɽǱĵطȥɼŸĿ
ֱ֮ӷȥ
Ǿɽڵɽһ峺ޱȣɢʥԵĺǰɢʥԵĺˮ룬һѩ׵һ˿˿Ϣ
ҵˣ
˫֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡޱȵľѩ׵Χȥ
ϸĹ۲һ֮һᣬһĨ֮ɫǺˮߣǺˮ֮һ
һǿޱȵһûڣꡣ
ǱȻƽȼҪʮϵʥ
һĨ˷֮ɫһʥ֮ڣǺˮѩȥ
ڵˣkǾԲ뵽ҾȻܹһ˵ءҵģ
һԵŵӲԶ֮ǻڡɢ󸯳ζ˺ۣһ֮֮һ³Ե
ۣڸʲôҹ򣬾ȥ
֮һں֮е棬ʱѣצһ̺̽ſֲޱȵ֮ɭޱȵɱֱӺȥ
еߵĿ֮꣬˵֮ǰkҲնɱһۡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ֱѩȥȻûô򵥣
һ˿˿ҫֱӳ֣Ӷ֮ޡ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺֱ֮ӳȥ
ʣ㲻Ǻۣ֮ô˵ĺѾɱˡ㻹ɱ˾ľ֮
֮Ŀ΢΢һһ²µצǡ֮ޡһץ֮䣬ǡ֮ޡֱӺɡ
һ˿˿ޱȵҫĻֱӸ֣һޱȵĻһ´֮֮ϡ
֮ʱ˫һʧһ˲䡣
Ӱֳ֡ӰìֱӴһӰ֮Ծͬһһ㣬֮ȥ
͵ϮͨвͻΣա
ߣ֮صúȻ߻ϧߣҲ֮Ķ֣
֮һĨâȼѪһ¸ֳһ̺ӡۣ֮ƣ̺޾ء
ӰġӰìһ֮֮ϣһ̶ޱȵľ֮Ӳ֮ؿ˺ѳһ޴˿ڣѪ䡣

֮âһȭ̺֮һȭգӰֱӺȥ
ӰֱӾìһһ죬ͬһ㱻֮һɳ֮ԶһһεѪӵkӣ֮ء
ǿҲ˵ĵߣϣ
֮âһſһ磬һֱ֮Ӹ֣ͬһ㣬˺Ѳ񷣬һУһĻ׵֮ϡ
޾֮֮緢һʡ
Ļ׵ĻһΪĻ׺ĵĺоƬҲ֮ĳ֮£һ˿˿Ѻۡ


1322 նɱ֮
֮ǹ֮ǿǴǿִ֮ڵĿǡĻ׵ߣϱĵ߻ҪСöű֮һش˵˺оƬ
ǡ֮ޡûһºݺݵĳ֮ϣֱֲӱ֮Ƿ˵ֱӱɼƬƬѪ񷡣
֮ƵĻеʣǿʵڵ֮УҲٮٮߡ㲻ҵĶ֣Ҿ˺㣬ϵһͳͳ˺飡
֮һĨײУһŭȻ𣬻צһץһޱȵֱӺȥ
֮кһһһ޴ޱȵġ֮ܡֱӸ֣ڵkǰ
ǡ֮ܡصӡҫγһֲޱȵķ磬ػƬ
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ͷο񱩣Ȼ޷˺ǡ֮ܡĽ硣
浭һЦǺ룬һ̤һѩ׵֮ڡ
ѩ׵һ±պصӡҫһǿ󾫴ԴԴϵӿ֮ڣǿŵkꡣ
ƣ
֮ŭ񣬷ŭȼڵѪޱȵǡ֮ܡȥ
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һ춯صľ֮Уǡ֮ܡȴӲĵס֮Ĺ
ǡ֮ܡħ֮һĽ֮һӵн֮Ǳһ߼ǿߣȻ֮һ޵аǿߣҪͻһҲûô򵥣
Ȼҵòôһɢ˭Ҳõ
֮ŭ˫֮ײеĹâ΢΢һΣӡҫһ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ףͨ廷ſֲ֮ǿޱȵ
֮һֳ壬ֱ̽צһץһɽΧɽֱӺȥ
¡¡¡
֮ķ񹥻֮£һӲޱȵɽɽҲһѷ졣
κһ߶һ֮콾֮е콾֮еĹԼ·ľǿߡһվŲƾһ߹Ҳᱻߺ鱾Դֱ䡣
һɽȻ汾ԴγɵĴڣȴҲȻֵס֮Ĺ
Ӱ֮߳һĨӰ쵽˼㣬ӶӰì֮ȥ

֮ľ޴βһڣӰȥ
Ӱ΢΢ɫ䣬еġӰìһ°ڳһ̬Լǰ
Ǿ޴βһӰġӰì֮ϣӰ˴ìֱӺɳ֮Զ
Ļٴθ֣֮иֳһֻޱȵ飬һŤޱȣ̺ſֲ֮Ļ֮֮Ϻȥ
һɰԵ׵Ŀֲ֮֮֮ӿγһֲޱȵС
Ļһ֮γɵĿֱֲ֮ӱ顣
ͨĵ߶Ļ׵Ļ⻹Ҫη֣Ƕ֮˵Ļ׵Ļֱֵһᣬֻеk޷֮£пС
֮ûĻףĹһɽһѷɽ֮и֡
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һ֮УһɽֱӱĺˮҲֱ˷ȥ
ʥѩ׵ҲĿή
֮һ
ѩ׵֮УһɰԾأһ˿˿Ϣһ±
һʱֱӸ֣ʱ֮Уţһ֮ǰеս֮ԳԽٵĿֲٶһֱӴ֮ڡ
һɰԵ׵Ŀֱֲ֮ᴩնѿ
Ԧš֮ޡ˺Ѳ񷣬һ֮֮ϣ֮Ĺͷ鼸
Ӱֳ֡Ӱìһɲ֮䣬֮һì֮ڡ
صӡҫǡҪֱӸ֣ʥߺγɵҪ֮Уһߺֱ߳ݺһצֱӺ֮ͷ­֮ϣӡҫһͽ֮ش
ɶ񣡣ҪɱңǻûǸ£
֮һŭХֲޱȵ֮ӵk֮бһ˲ӲĽĴǿֱɡ
֮ԡѪͷҲصתԶȥ
ûõģ֮ȻƬأǾծɣ
оԼ޾ʼˣһĨɭޱȵɱӡҫһֲޱȵɺڶһ֮һɺڶ֮ڡ
صӡҫ֮Դ
ҿ
֮һĨâһŭ𣬻Ӷצɺڶݺһץͼɺڶֱ˺顣
һޱȵҫ֮צһӴɺڶĺģ㱻ֱӳ룬߱Դһֻɿޱȵצ
ôܣôܱǿûоϴ񡣻һĵߣôܻǿҲģҲģ
֮һĨ֮ɫҽš
һ֮ޡɺڶֱ֮Ӹ֣ݺһ֮Դ֮ϡ
֮ԴһըѿӴޱȵԴһӿɺڶա
ǡ֮ޡɺڶ֮вϳ֮֮һıԴɢ磬ɺڶֱա
ʮ֮֮Դͱɵһɶ
ɺڶһʧ
ߺʵϣɱɹˣ
ղһ־ش֮ʵ֮ǿֱ˷˼
֮ʮֺݶkƻɽ˱Դһɱ䣬˰˳ɡ
һĨϧ֮ɫĸоһɿ޵еĿֲѸٵˡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺һѾ˾޴ĺô֮һ뿪Ҿߣ
֮ǰһҪٶߣ
кâһ΢΢һӡҫռ֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿
սֱӸ֣Χȥ
ЩսһΣһ±仯Ϊһ޴ޱȵɽ
ǱڡΪƽصɽҲս˵ıں֮£һ޴ɽ
浹ռһЩʥˮӡҫһ±һѩޱȵĸʥˮ֮ϡ
֮ſǿޱȵĽ磬һҲ޷Դ֮ϸӦ֮ϷһСΪˣŻᵨ죬á
Сʱ֮ǵ֮Уһ춯صľ֮һֲޱȵĵϢ⵺֮
սСʱսͣЪμһɽѸٵ


1323 ԭҹ֮
֮Уһǹĵߣһʿĵߡ
޵аĵûһ䣬ͨĵȴ䲻١ԭӵʮߣǵִ˵صĵȴֻʣʮľɣʣµԴ
ʿ֮ԭӵʮߣǴʱֻʣ°Դ֮С
ÿһκ֮жλ涥Ŀֲڣǿޱȣ޵һʱİһ䣬涼
ʮֱ춯أҲֻĲпս֮вŻһĻ
Ⱥ֮УϴˣΨ޵аǿûһ˿ơ
֮ǿԴҲ˺ۡ
ڴһһѩ׵һĨ֮ɫ˫һģһɫĹâѩ׵ȥ
ԭҹ򣡣
ԭҹ֮âһָһţصӡҫݻγһ̺޾ڰ֮Ŀֲ
ڴ֮չһģܹꡣԭҹ֮УkĴȴһɫԽԽԶ
âһһ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ףɢ޵ϢĿֲݺһצǹһߺݺץȥ
һĵôҲû뵽ۻԵk֣kһĨ׵ĹâӡҫԼǰγһɫԲܡ
һɫԲ֮ϣɫԲֱӺ飬ֲצһץһĵұ֮ϣһǿߵұֱ˺

һĵƿڴʩչطֱԶȥ
ͨĵ޵аĵ֮ʱһһ޵аߵĶ֡һ˵Ҫϵĵֲпһ޵аĵ߿⡣
ĵһʩչطһȥһ𱻹ĵߡһ𱻹ĵҲֻܹѡߡ
ȥ
ǿޱȵĹɱطƬ֮𵴣е߶˫۳죬ŶԷ
ĵʿĵ֮䣬Եĵ֮䶼ɱšκֻҪӽһɫΪЩߵļ
ڴٶ֮пƵһkҲǹĵ߼˺ۣòǰɫԱ룬ԡŵѪޱȡ
ɱȴıܹһɢʥâİɫ
ˣ
Ȼ֮䣬֮һҫһĿҹ֮ʮֹĳѩ׵İ֮ǰһѩ׵İץȥkҲ¶һ˿˿Ц⡣

ѵҪkˣ

ЩΧ۵ĵһĨ֮ɫǿޱȵĹɱطǿҹ֮ȥ
һǿޱȵķȻ֣ǿҹ֮Ĵֱӵס
ôܣ
ҹ֮һĨ֮ɫһ˲ͱЩߵΧƬ
һâҫЩǶ׷ʩչطһâſҹ֮ĲкһkѪͳͳϯһա
ߵѪĵ˵ҲѵһıÿһߵѪⶼƵۼرĲϡ
ҹ֮֮ս֮еսøӼҡ
Ƿɱ֮Уһһͨĵֱ߱Ӵ򱬣˺ƬѪ궼ߡ
ֲƬ֮𵴣һ֮ܵıԴ֮ӳ֣ӲޱȣͱЩ˺顣

һޱȵĲҽ֮У֮ۻ޵˫צһ˺Ӳ˺ѿȻۻ޵һϰ
ڴ۱Ϊһ·һҧ֮ϣ֮°˺ȥ
ǵߵѪڽڴۺ˵Ǵ֮ϣֻҪk̳ԹʮϵĵߣЩߵѪһ˿ܽ㡣ȻҲֻһ˿ܡ
֮еĵʮ̳Ե߽ΪһҲڳ˵Ρ
֮֮ĵߺȻʲôһ㣬ӿһ˿˿⣬׷ʩչطս룬Զȥ
ս֮Уֻʣ޵аĵߡ
޵аĵһۣ׷׶øǿޱȵĹɱط໥ɱһ
֮ǰ޵аʮĬĻɱŶԷĵߣپߡֻʣ޵аĵ֮󣬵kǲ
𶯣ѡ
Ȼ֮ܵıԴӳ֣޵аߵĽ֮УȻѷ졣
ˣҵģ
һɫĹâ΢΢һԭҹ֮Ӳĳһצ˺һ޴ޱȵѪ⣬һɫ֮ǰһĨϲ֮ɫһɫֱץȥ
һɫһҫޱȵӡ仯Ϊı壬һս֮˺Ѳ񷣬һԭҹ֮ȥ
֮ô㣿Ȼõˣ
ԭҹ֮һ棬һתŭף
һս֮˺Ѳ񷣬һ˲ʹԭҹ֮ڣһɿֲޱȵԭҹ֮նء
һɺڶֱӸ֣ԭҹ֮΢΢һԭҹ֮УһɫԴķȥ
֮
޹֮־ŭһĨɭޱȵɱʩչطâҫһֻֻ֮սìֱӴȥ
ɣ֮
һħһĨâһ¸ֳޱȵӡһָһƬ֮Уһ³һƬħ硣
޵аͻأı仯ҲִޱȵʩչӡգҪ¡
ûпո棡
浭һЦ֮һҫһǧʥеֱӸ֣ʩչֹ޵аĵǺȥ
޵аĵǷ׷ʩչطЩʥе׺ȥһʥе׶k׵һһ򱬡
ЩʥеҲ޵аĵһ˲䡣
ƣ
һȭһӡ֮ϣȭ֮һ¸ֳһֻƽǣǷӡ֮ϣһӡֱӹᴩһ⣬Զȥ
֮ˣҪ㰾Ϊһħҩ㣬һܹ㣡
ڴ˫֮һĨĴųȼ޾Ļ棬ȥ
Щʥеһηǽڴ۹ȥָĹǽڴ۵ϺһϸС˿ڡ
ǽڴȴܲ˾ֱȥ
ټ
ɵ֮ıԵ޵аĵ΢΢һЦһͷԴ֮ڡ

ڴâһſһ磬һ̫ӵkĿֱԴ֮ȥһԴ֮У˾޴ޱȵĲ


1324 ɽڴ
ڴ޾âһһԭҶ֮ϣ׷ȥ
һŽ֮׵ӡϣȻӳ֮⣬Ҳ޷ѽڴ۵
üͷ΢΢һ壬ȵڴۣҪ³ç
⣬ô׷ô˻Ļ
ڴҲ޵аĵߣһ˲ָѣӴޱȵ֮΢΢һɨһ·һ˿˿
ڴȻһ޵аĵߣĻսǵkĶ֡Ļ׶Ļ֮ͷŴڴĳǰõġ
κһ߼ǿ߶ǲСĴڣвҲͬС
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һֻɫĶǴӶԴ֮бһԭҶ֮ϣһɰԵ׵˲䱬ԭҶֱ֮Ӻ顣
֮
ԭҶ֮ϴ˽ڴ־ŭֱ׹䵽Դ֮С
ڴһĨ֮ɫȼԼڵѪ֮һ˫֮ķȥ
Խڴ۵ʵֻҪʮ䣬kܹص֮
һִֻԴ֮һץ˽ڴ۵һϣһڴӲԴĺȥ
ڴ۱ǿֿԴ֮ڱôһӲıԴĺס
Դֲ֮ܽһڽڴ۵Ϸķֽŵk
֮ǶͬһսѣŹңһֿ֣ͬ
ڴһĨâһ𣬲дֻצͬһԴץȥ
ֻҪ΢ԥһ˲䣬ͻᱻڴԴȻԴ֮бֽΪԭ
Ӱһ¸֣Ӷ˫ȭڽڴ۵צ֮ϣڴ۵צֱɡ
һ˽ڴ۵˫צֱӷǰŽڴ۹ȥ
Խڴ۵ʵ֣ҲδǵkĶ֡Դ֮ڣڴ۵Դϵķֽţʮɱ·Ӳɡ
㶼ӵԴԴ֮ڶܹӳ߰˳սһһ֮£ǽڴһ±˺ۣ
һĨâ֮ڴ֮޵аĵߣҲǶԿмɱ˵kʵͱһ֡ȫ֣ĵkһΣҿԱֻ֤ҪkԲΪУ
ɭһЦȫ֣Ǹղôȫ֣ȻЩ幥ңղ֣дĵһӲߣ
ǽڴ۵޵аĵ߸ղ֣д֮֮һӲ
ֻ޵аĵ߸ûֵ˼һͳɱ档Źϵѡڶƻ֮
۵֮ｫڴɱˣֻʹ߿졣һӣ¾ʹ˽Σ
һɺڶԴ֮иֱ֣ӽڴ˽ȥӴޱȵԴԴԴϵĳȡûڡ
۵ɫˢһ±ѿ˼㡣
ºʶ֮ıԵһĻ΢΢һһĨɵ֮ɫڴ۾ȻҲ֮С̫֮ײˡ
ڴһ޵аĵߣڹʱҲǺպ׺׵Ŀֲڣɱͬ鼶ĵߣԵߵѪΪʳ
һ޵аĵ߾ȻУǱ֪ʿ綼Ϊ֮𶯡
ǱԴ֮УһԴ֮еһ߾ĵȴ֡
ЩǶʮֽһ֮֮ϣûһ̤ԭҶ֮
һСʱЩǶûκζĵĴԴ֮ȥ
ʿ˫滨ڵλá
滯һ֮˫滨ֱ֮ӷɳûκ˵ע⡣
һԾһ»صսħ֦մ½սħ֦մ½Ϸ
ޱȵӡ֮и֣һɺޱߣ޾ȵߵĿֲѹ֮ϯķ
Բ֮ڵһ˲һ±ϯ淨֮γһ̺ſֲĵ֮š
ǵ֮ţڳߣ
˭ȻߣʱѾռΨһһ֮λô˳֮λ
޴ʱĵ֮λѾռݣ֮ĹҲڰ֮޷׵ߣڳ֮λֱ

һǿޱȵ֮лصһʥߡʥǶʩչ׷۵ԴȪ
֮֮ڽ׵ߣ
kȻʱ׵ߣ
kǽ˫滨ôʱ׵ߣ
k˾޴ĺôk˫滨֮ڻ˾޴ĺôѾ㹻k׵ߡ
ڳ֮ǲִ̫ˣ

һʥ֮меʥ߶һγ֮ж
ʿڵܼϵͣÿһʱֻܹһߡȻ汾ԴѾգҪȻʮѡҪʱ׵ߣܡ
ƣ
ɭޱȵĹâһȭ̺ſȵߵĿֲһһȵ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УһըѿѪĽ
һȵ֮ȴ˿â貣ɢޱȵĹԡ
ϧ֮һѾԽͨߡǻ޷֮š
һȵ֮ʵ걾Դӡ֮󣬱øǿˡ
ֻ渴֮ӵиĿռ䣬һȵ֮ŲŻƿڣ̫ˡ

ЩʥߡʥжһĨϧ֮ɫ
ʵȫһһȵ֮ź飬ɽ׵ߡȽǵ֮λռݣǵ֮űü쳣
ȻҵڲѡǶԵģֻڣҵ˺ѵ֮š
кâһס֮ޱȵӡ֣ںһ
һȭʱռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣˺Ѳһǵ֮ϡ
¡
һصľ֮Уһȵ֮žǱӲĺһֲޱȵĶѨ
ƬޱȵԼ淨֮УϢڽϵɱ䡣
һǵ֮ڵķȥ
һҫһҫ貽⣬ſһԲ׵ĵһ³֮Уֳһƽ֮档
ƽҫһޱȵĻƽ֮һһַ˼ٶȣֱȥ


1325 һħ֮
ǽ֮kȻˣ
Ϊʲô֮ûеk
̫֮ǿˣûнߣѾǿ󣬵ȵkȫ׵ߣмǵkĶ֣
˶뿴֮׵ߣ
һ֮ߣЩƵǶ޷Ȼ˯

Щʥߡʥڵһʱϳһ̿͵ߵݣӿһ˿˿⡣
˫滨Ѿ֣ᴩͨѾ֡ЩȴȻѻĵߣȻЩʥߡʥĺ
ֻЩʩչطǧǰ񣬾ΪΨһһ֮λۣЩǵΨһҲĿ꣬Ȼû˻Źκλᡣ
һӰ΢΢һһ³ǰֳ֮֡ܡһſһǿޱȵķ硣
¡
һƽʸ˽֮ȫһֲףǺǡ֮ܡȴһǡ֮ܡķֱӵ¡
ʣ
ǿеʲôر
ÿµķȻܹ½֮ɱһ

ЩʥߡʥжһĨâ۷׷ס֮еʥʿǸ¶˷ܵЦݡ
һ˲䣬Ѿ̤˵֮ţǵ֮ȥ
֮УһҫһͷͷŶʮϳһᣬǳĿֱֲӸ֣ſѪڣݺݵһҧȥ
ʣkҲˣ
kҲһ޽ӽ޵аĵߣ
ҧҲµĹ֮һ޵аĵ߶Ӳ

ʥʿǼһĻһĨ֮ɫ
ǵ֮սʥʿǽսҲֻһЩڻҡȽϸ߼ڻҡ
꣡
һҧǡ֮ܡķ֮ϣӲĽǡ֮ܡͬһҧС
һ֮Уǡ֮ܡĽҲһѿ
Ķң
֮ǰһֲޱȵʹâŽ֮ݺնȥ
֮üͷ΢΢һ壬Ӷ߱񹭡һһֲޱȵĽɫҫʹâֱ顣
һɿֲޱȵ˷ɢȥѩֱӱǿֲĽɫɡ
ʹŮʣˡħļӳ֣ҲҵĶ֣ȥ
֮һĨâ
ѩ֮кâһȷʵĶ֣ҵֻһ䣡֮ͶüһҸ׵ߣǽһ嶼Ҫֱ塣
֮׵ߣôܣ֮У֪жڵȴᣬҪȥȻҪΪᣬҾһ̣
֮һЦ΢΢һΣӶ߱񹭡ѩźȥ
֮һҫֱѿһͷ񷣬ɢŵ֮ɫ֮зǵ֮ڵķȥ
ɫۣ
֮Уصӡҫһͨʻƽɫʯ仯ɵĻƽŮֱӸ֣һȭɫֱӺȥ
ҹ
һɫâݺһײʯĻƽŮϣֲޱȵһ±ʯֱײɡ
֮УɫҲһ޽ӽ޵аĿֲڣȻܹʯαֱײɡ
ɫײʯ֮󣬻һɫ⣬һ³˵֮ڡ
ɫġӰìȻǵ֮д̳̺žΰᴩ񷣬ɫ۴ȥ
ɫһ׷棬Ҫƻ׵ߵʽûзﻹһߴ̿͡
ǡӰìһ˲ɫ۵֮ڣ䳤ɫֱӹᴩ
ʯûǰӶһۼرʯ֮ݺݵһնɫ۵ϣ֧ɫ۵ֱʯ飬һѶ촷ۣƮɢ
Ƕ
ɫ۷һ춯صŭӡҫһѽ⣬顣
һ֮䣬ɫ۾ٴȫʢ̬֣ԦһռγɵĿռ֮ʯӰǿ߹ȥ
ɫȻһ޽ӽ޵аĵߣǱӰ͵Ϯ֮ˣȻʩչطٴλָȻʵ󽵣ʯӰѹơ
˭
һߵʲôˣһشɫۣ
k˭֮ûôǿѲŶԣ
ֹѵk֮Ƶĵڶ߿ܣ
ڶ߿ܣֱˣ̫֮ˣ

ЩΧ۵ǿ߶ʥʿϵĴڣһӰսʽԼ֮еʱµ˼ࡣ
ӰյĿƼᾧڵkǵ֮УӵʿĺۼϾƳ֮kǲҪ֮ŽϴҲĵͬ
һȺ
ħλһһصӡҫһźɫľһײ֮зɳû֮С
֮λ渽һ޾ħؾ֮ڣǶħ֮һ棬Χħ
һöɫľһ¸֣һ⣬һû˶ħ֮ļ֮ڡ
ʲôˣȻҪǿռҵ壬ҹ
ħ֮һ˫ۣһĨԵޱȵϢ
ûõģֻҲõĸ֮һôΥ֣ʵʵںϰɣ
һĮпڶħ֮ʵ֮и֡
صӡǶħ֮ʵѪ֮ڸ֣Щصӡ·һħ֮ʵԼסõk޷
˭
ħ֮һĨ֮ɫҧ
˭Ҿǵһħ֮ʣʱʹĶħ֮ʣҲΨһһħ֮ʣ˶ͳͳҵӣҵ֡㽫òˣ
Ƕħ֮ʵԺ֮һϷʡпᡢĮ
ħ֮һĨ벻ֱӱkʶ֮һֲֻޱȵѪ£ԭһ˵ӣҲģ
Ƕħ֮ʵ΢΢һ˫һʧȥɣһ̣ٴλָɣųޱȵĹâ
һؾ֮ڣеħͬԼľһŶħ֮ʷȥǶħ֮ڡ
ȫʱѾ࣬ɣ
һħ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬һ֮һ±һȿռţ¶һĿռ䡣
һѪɫӡɢϢСһ·ɳ
ˡ롢˵ȸֵߵľѪʹǸС֮˵һħ֮ʵ֮ϡ
ǵһħ֮ʵϢʱڽϵɱ䣬һͻ˵߽ޣΪһߣͬʱڷš
ǹľѪʱ򣬵һħ֮Ѿɢ޵аĿֲ


1326 ׵ߣϣ
һħ֮üͷ΢΢һ壺壬޷ӳȫʢʱڵ
һħ֮ʵȫʢʱڣһ޵аĿֲǿߡһ
һħֻ֮벽ܹ㣬ϧȴԷܣò֮С
һħ֮֮ѾҲܽ㡣kֻܹʩչطߡkʿֲĴ֮һ
֮Ҫߣûô򵥣ǵľ֣ԽԽáҲԽԽá
һħ֮һĨâһħ΢΢һһֻſֲռ֮ȨֱӸ֣һһȿռֱӳ֮Сkһ̤һȿռ֮ڡ
սħ֦մ½Ϸһâ΢΢һһȿռֱӸ֣һħ֮ʴһȿռ֮˳һɿֲ׵ħӵk֮
ħ֮ʣô£kô׵ˣ
ô֮޷׵ߣkô׵ߣ
kȻ˵أһΪֹ֮׵ߣ
ûһ֮׵ߣkȥĵֻ¶ʳѰ

ЩʥһӦħ֮ʵĴڣһĨ֮ɫ
Ҫ߼ΪѣǿҲΪռΨһһ׵ߵλãòһֱǿнס
ħ֮ʾȻϢ׵ߣֱ˷˼š
һӰ΢΢һӰֳ֡ӰìԽգһ³ڶħ֮ʵǰǶħֱ֮Ӵȥ

һħ֮˫֮ޱȵħ⣬һ¶һīǶˡ鼹׵ǵġħ֮һӰնȥ
һɲ֮䣬һͷһͷˡһͷ롢һͷɶħ֮ɵĶħȻ֣ʩչĴطӰֱӺȥ
Ӱɫ䣬ӶǡӰìſһǿޱȵķ磬Լǰ
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ħ֮ʵʵѾԽͨĵߣ
޵аĵ߲ܹյħ֮ʲΨһĿܾǵkΪ˸յ󡣡
ӵ޵аĿֲڣܹ׾ٵռݶħ֮ʵܵkꡣֻд˵֮еĵһħ֮ʣ

ЩǿǿӰһħ֮һɣԼ֮µ˵һħ֮ʵݡ
һħ֮һ֮ţŵ֮ȥ
ǵ֮ڣտһƬе淨һգʲôûʣ¡
һħ֮ǿտޱȵĵ֮дɫԽԽѿԽԽء
ޱȵӡڵһħ֮ʵ֮и֣һɺޱߵĿֲħֱkٶȱøӵĿֲ
һʥ׺Ȼ֮ͨи֣ٶһ±Խ٣ﵽһ˷˼ٶȣʮͻأŵһħ֮նȥ
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һħ֮һĨâһȭһʥ׵Ļ֮ϡ
һɺޱߵĿֲΰֱӱһ׵Ļ֮ϣֱӺ촷ۡ
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ױ֮һռٴγ֣ŵһħ֮ʹȥ
ЩޱȣԳΪһ̵ʥеԴԴϵĳ֣Ȼ󱻵һħ֮ʴݻ٣ӵkǵĴΪȡʱ䡣
Щʥеÿһսˣͨʥʿ֮ϣڵ˵һĻе׶ǼΪıȴģЩʥеͳͳųֻΪ͵һħ֮ǰĽŲ
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һħ֮ڴݻʮʥе֮ľģһʩչط仯Ϊһ޾ħֵĶħЩеǵĹŵ֮ȥ
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һħ֮ʻĶħʥеܵΧ֮£һ±˺ۣĽѪ񷡣
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ˣ
һħ֮ʳǵ֮ʱ򣬾Ϳվڵ֮ŵk¶һ޾ɱЦݡ
һɴϾԵ׵ĿֲϢ֮л
һħ֮ʵɫһ±ѿ֮һһ㾹Ȼɹˣ
Բ֮λڹΪģһֲޱȵ籩޾Ÿǿޱȵ淨߻ۡ
̺Ÿ淨滨ֱӸ֣ЩĻ֮ÿһ䶼ʥޱȵĹԣޱȡ
֮˽߳ɹ֮Ȼ׵߳ɹˣ
ôܣ֮Ȼ߳ɹˣ
Ψһһ֮λѾռݡ֮Ȼܹ׵ߣֱ˷˼

ʿ֮УеǿǿǱ鲼棬ʥϢ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ʷǿʿ
֮ʷǿʿ
ɻʳעҪ޵Уѹ棡

֮λʿ˷ܣħ֮УͷԼĻϲЩΪеǶһĵɥг˿־塣
޾ʥϢ֮һֱûڣһɺޱߵĵ߲֮
һħ֮Ķ棬ɭޱȵɱ
Ѿ˽׵ߵʽڻ͸ɱ䡣һħ֮Ѿ޷š
ǵһħ֮淢ͻܵķɣͬʱҲ޷˺ֺ
׶ΣҲֻ֣߳ķɣпһɱ
޾֮ӿڲ֮λΧһ³һޱߣ̺صĺ
ǽ׵ߵĵڶ֮
Ȼ֮
ĵ߽ߣ

ЩǿǼһĻ۷׷ס
һâ΢΢һ֮룬һֲޱȵɺڶ֮е޾
֮֮е汾Դ֮һ֮еͳԽһ֮Ȫ
ÿһ߶ֻܹڽ׵ߵʱһ֮ɱ䡣ʱ֮ΪĵߣΪkûо֮ɱ䡣


1327 ׵ߣ£
֮֮Уһ·ɰ壬֮
ŵġסꪡȵۼرҲ֮е
˫֮кâһһ¸ֳޱȵӡ
֮֮гȡֱӴݵ㡢ӰĻ׵ڡ
㡢ӰĻ߼ǿʵ϶ƶɵر˿֮ȡ
һֲڵķ֮£һƬ޾֮;ܼٶѸٵʧ
ðԵ֮Ҫøɺˣ
֮kˣ
ǿֲ߽ͨ׵ʱԼļޣ֮ܽȫաҲֻ֮һܹ֮ɴ

ЩʩչطߵʥߡʥһĨ֮ɫ
ͨĵֻܹ֮һнҲֻһһ˽֮еͳͳɡ
ڰ֮Ѿ۳֮սȵߣټͨɰ壬ܹ֮һա
֮ӿ֮գڵĵ߱ԴںһٴνһνøӵĿֲǿ
֮ʧ֮ǹ֮л۶
ǹۣ֮гһɾŰپʮǳɵҫ֮
ҫ֮ӿǹ⣬һϡ
޾ǹ֮У˾ޱȵ֮⣬ǾŰپʮǳʷҲһһչǰ
ǳʷͨĵнֻЩǳʷǨ澫ͨ˷˫֮иֳޱȵӡЩǳȥһ˿˿˵
ҫ֮һʵǰ˰Ҳ֮Уһ󡣡
ӿһ˿˿򣬷ת㷨ϵ˰塣ӵ̺ĵۼر˷ǡ㷨Ĳ֮£һ̺ӡһڵk˫֮۳͡
ޱȵӡֱӳ͵һ˲䣬̺޾ǳʷҫֱ֮ӱ
ô£ҫ֮֮гõôô
ͽˣ֮ҫϴʱ̫ˡ
ǳ֮ҫ֮ϴ֮гҹ֮սѾԶԶԽǳ֮kʱôộ
k֮ɣӦôŭ汾Դ־

ҫ֮еǿж¶һ˿˿֮ɫһ˵ʵǱԽǿĵҫ֮нҫϴʱԽã澹Ȼҫϴô̵ʱֱ˷˼
ʱһ̺޾ռ֮Ĵһ³֮Уֱӽڡ
صӡǴ֮ӿûڡ
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ǵ󣬿ռ֮ţκεһǿռ֮ڣͻܿռ֮ŵϴʻɱ䣬ͨռĴڣҲտռ壡
󣡣Ǵ˵֮еĵ˴ʿʵ֮УҲֻʱ֮֮ħ֮˴󡣡
֮ʷǿİۣ
֮ǱȻ֮ǿĴڡ

ǿ߿֮һȿռ֮ţжһĨޱȵĹâ
ǿռ֮ڣ潫صӡֱգԼյĿռһ¥
Ŀռһɹһȿռ֮űֱӱ
һ޾֮ӿһƬʱһ¸֮У޾ʱ֮Уһͷ¶ͷ­Ѿǳʱ֮һ¸֣һɺޱߣ޾ʱ֮ʱ֮֮
ʱ֮
Ǵ˵֮ӵ֮ʵ߲Żᴥĵʱ֮
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󣡣֮ѾԽİ˴ʿʵֲۣ̫ˣ
ֲ˶ĵ߲Ը⿴֮ߡkЩߵвʵ̫ˣ

Щʩչַһеǿǿ֮еһʱ֮һĨ֮ɫ
һʱ֮Ǵ˵֮һɴ棬ڹȥڡδɴʱ֮ǿޱȵĳ׵֮󴥷ʱ֮ɵ
ͷʱ֮һſһ磬һ̺ʱ֮Ĺâ㽫֡
ǹâ֮У꣬꣬꣬ձꡣѭת֮У治ʱ뾫衣
һħ֮һĨڣҧݺݵĶʱ֮е棬гɱһµĵˣϧһûܹɱk
һħ֮ΪʱʹڵĵߣܵƸࡣǽ˶ħ֮ʵʱkһѣͻ긯࣬ɻҽʧʷĳ֮С
һεһħ֮ҲǸ˾޴ĴۣԼ䣬ǿڶħ֮ʵ֮иա
˾޴ĴۣȴȻûнɱȻǵһħ֮ʳŭ
ʱַ֮·ȥ˺ܾãʵȴֻǹȥʮ
ʮ֮һʱ֮ʧ
һ˫ۣһɿֲޱȵʿʵۼ˷ɢȥ
ڽ׵ˣ
֮׵ˣ
kڽ׵ˣ

һӵĿһ¼ϡеǿ߶һ׵ߣһʮֲֿ
ߣ֮ڽ׵ˣ
֮Ȼ׵ߣɻʳ̩ɽˡ
֮ȻߣʲôǵkĶ֣

ħһƬ˶˷ܡ֮ǰɻʳȻӵ߼ǿػϾֻһۣôǿҲмޡ
һ׵ߣǱ޵аĵҲֻʱ⡣
һ޵аĵߣЩԶʱڵ߻ع飬Ҳη塣
һħ֮ʱ˲֮ãǵһħ֮ʡ飬ҺܱǸܷʲôûз
һħ֮ʣ㾹ȻĴɱģҪɱҡһʹôô򵥵飿͸ɣ
ɨ˵һħ֮һۣһĨɭޱȵɱһսֱ֮Ӹ֣һŵһħ֮ʴȥ
һꪴ̳ʱŤռң̺ſֲޱȵ֮ѹһУᴩһУ̺žֲͬĵ߹ɱطŵһħֱ֮Ӵȥ
ȻҪսұһսھʿʵֱɱˣ
һħ֮Ҳһ׺ԵĿֲڣkһĨâӡҫһͷɶħ֮ɵĿֱֲӸ֣̽צֱץ
һͷɶħ֮ɵĿֲ̺Ŷħ֮֮ǿᵽ˼㣬ҲδǵkĶ֡һצǿһצشһߡ


1328 նɱ֮
ս֮һꪴǶħ֮ϣӰʱⳤ֮и֡϶ɢ޵аĿֲϢ˷˼ĿֲطǶħ֮ӲĽͷħ顣
¡
Ƕħһɲǣһħ֮һ±һѣѪ񷡣
ǿǵһħ֮ʣ˵֮жħʼ档
kǴʱʹڣĵһħ֮ʣ
ǿ޵аĵߣȻ֮һشǿ£

Щڲͬռ֮еǿǼһĻһ
һħ֮ʱʹһ޵аĵߣսǿסӰҲһ߼Ŀֲڣڵһħ֮ǰȴһкɡ
ǵһħ֮ʱһشֱ졣
һ֣ɱ˵k첻ɱ˵kǶڲƴȻƴĻᶼûˣ
֮һĨâһҧΧһ¸ֳصӡһֻֻӡ̹һ¸֣һƬֲޱȵĽɫ溣㡢ӰѩšʯĴǿֱӷȥ
Щ̹ǽ֮ķԼԼѪιɵľ׳棬޵аĵߣвҲᱻ̹ɣһѿݹǡ
̹ǽ֮ɱﵣһֱţҪڣΪ˻ɱ棬kҲ˲ôˡ
֮Ȼ־ɱ棬׵ߵĵ·kʮԸ񣬾ԻὫkնɱ
ʿ˵ۼرѾУټѾ׵ߡǽ֮ҪߣҲᱻҵΨһǽնɱ
ֲ̹߶ܹʳ㡢ӰѩšʯĴǿ߶òʩչǿޱȵĹɱطǽ̹һһ顣
֮һĻһĨʹ֮ɫ̹ΧɱһߡһɢΪķ֣ȴֻбkǷɢɱķݡkһһĨ֮ɫֳ֡߱񹭡ȼԼѪԼעеĽɫ֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬һɫļʸͬһ㣬̺ſֲޱȵɷֱȥ
ʻųӡһ˿űkɵֱӸ֣ޱȵ»⡣
һ»һʵıγ»»΢΢һȣʱ˲һǰſѪݺҧȥ
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ǽ֮ʡɫ۶ʵԶºʣ޵аֻһ֮ңĿֲߡkֹ춯أһ޵аĵҲҪ˱ᡣ
֣ҽ׵֮ǰȷʵԵֵڣУǵһһһ
һЦǡʱֱ֮֡Ӹ֣ޱȵӡҫһŤʱһڵkϡ
һŤޱȵʱ֮У·һ´ʧδʱ⣬ʮͻأıܹߵһճڽ֮ǰǽ֮նȥ
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֮˹׵һĻӿһ˿˿⣬޾Ŀ־֣жһͣһ˲䣬һ˿˿ޱȣԲĻòڵkΧơ
ã˷ǻøĻǵ߼Ļ
֮ϾһߣǼޱȣһ˲ͻָԼѾ˻ôǿᣬkҲʧأ־޷鶯ҡ
һ˲䣬һս֮һնڽ֮ϣһ˲֮䣬ֱ֮նء
һɺڶֱ֣֮ɣĳȡŵkԴ
һɺڶ֮У֮ţһŤȴȻڼ֮ڣͱȡԴһѻҳ
ǿ֮׵̫֮ǿˡ
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ʱԶȥδҲʱ֮£޵еϷ֮ӵСʱܹ֮֡ʩչһŷѾڲ֮أ޵ˡ
оͨʱĵ֣߳ʱ䡣κεֻ֮аһ;

ЩʥߡʥǼһĻһ˵ж֮ɫ
ʱʱ֮յ޵ط
֮Ȼһŵۼط޵ˣ
ôǿķ򲻵Ҳǰ״ʱʱ֮ǿĹ߱ȱȽǣǵkǶհʱ֮Уʱ֮ѹΪʱһ޵ط
֮Ȼʱŷʡɫ۶ˣ

ЩʿһĻжһĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷סħһƬڣ˷ܲѡ
֮վһƬĿռ֮һĨޱȵĹâһ̾ʱʱ֮յ޵طȻkˣ֮˾Ĵڡ
֮ûн˫滨֮Դʮǵʿ֮һؾ֮ϵԼʵ
˫滨֮ڣӵǿߣ޵аĵѰһԵ֮ǽ˫滨֮޵аĵߣҲǾһkʮǣûнȥ
˽֮һ̤̤ʱһ˲Ƴʵǰһն¡
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һĨâȻſڣֱһö޾»ı顾顿
ǡ顿һλ渽ķĵرԼߺǾƶɵĵۼرѹߡҲʵɱﵣ޵аıǮ
浭ȻһЦһģֱӴʧδ
ǡ顿ƥһϣֱӴ˹ȥ·ڿ֮һ㣬һ˿ƻûм
һɲ֮䣬ӹȥһ»صڣʵĸ֮£һնһնʵĸ
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һɿֲޱȵıը˲䴫˷ɢȥһɫâһնʵϣնһֲޱȵ˿ڡ


1329 ն
ʣʵ
һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һãֱӴʧδ
ǡɫ֮ìֱӴ֮ϣͬһӰ֮УȻɵķȻ޷׷δɱ档
һ´δ֮ʵһն¡
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ǡ顿âһһ˲Ƴս֮ǰסȫһ
һΣһ˿˿ѷǡ顿֮и֣ܵԻָش
ǡ顿ʵر¾ףӵ˷˼ȻҲ޷ֵһ޵аߵ
Ǽͬطһ˲ҲҪǡ顿ıԴ֮޷֧żΡ
һħ֮ʣ
һĨâ췢һ춯صŭ
ʱһžط֮ǡʱ֮֮֡£ɵĶʱʧڹȥδֱ졣
˵һħ֮⣬ʡɫ۶ް취
ħ
һħ֮Ķ棬ͬԸȥkѾΪߵУޱȵӡ֣һɺޱߵħӵk֮
ʮ˸̺Ϣġħǡӵһħ֮ʱɳ
ʮ˸ħǡһǿޱߵĹͷһħ֮ʵõ֮޾ħ֮Уʮ߾Ѫ꣬ķѰʱƶɵرÿһ޵رĴڣʮ˸ħܾˡ
ʮ˸ħǡһɳ޾ħһ˿˿֮γһƬֲޱȵħ磬Ƭֱӷӡ
޾ħڣסʱ⡣
֮ҵħ磡֮УȥڡδȫΨһƿҵУҲ޷ӵʱ֮Уȥɣ
һħ֮һĨâӶеġħֱ֮նȥ
صӡҫһɿֲޱȣ·ľâֱնȥ
Ȼħ֮УȥڡδȫΨһһħ֮ʣ޵аǿߣȻܹȥҵһ޵ط
濴ǹâ֮ⱻѹġʱ֮֡һ䡣
ʱһطڹȥڡδɴ󣬼ֱ޽취ʡɫŪڹ֮䣬Ҳֻеһħ֮ʩչطط
ǵһħ֮ʳ֣ȫնɱʺɫۡǵʱ֮ŷɥ޵طʱĿֲ֮
ȥҵʱȻҵĶ֣
кâһһУꪡֱӳУꪡڲϵĲȫϿˡ
һûʴʥΰĿֲϢһޱѹĿֲɫֱ̫Ӹ֣һֲޱȵħ֮ײȥ
һޱȣѹɫ̫һ֣ɫ˷ȥȼħеħͳͳա
һɲ֮䣬һɫ̫̺Ŀֲâײһ
һɫ̫һ˲ͽ̺Ľâײ÷顣Ťֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
һֱɫ̫ݺݵײ˵һħ֮ϣֲޱȵɫ׷գֵһħ֮ȫ
޾ɫһħ֮ʵĶħ֮֯һޱȵĺɫһޱȵǺɫ֮и֣ëȻĽ
ʼԦš顿ɫۼԦšɫ֮ìֱӹ
ƬǿѾʮ˸ħǡסҲ޷ʱڲͬʱ֮ߣҲߵĹ
ȷʵ޷ǵĹԸǣҸҪܣ̬
һĨɭޱȵɱǡס֮һ¸ֳصӡһģģӰֱֱ߳ںһ
һɺޱߣ޾ǡס֮ӿûڣøӵĿֲ
ƣ
һնһɫâ֮Уһſ̺ӰֱӸ֣գѹһУǡ顿նȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уǡ顿ֱӱķѣ飬·ɽ
ҵġ顿֮Ҹ㲻ݣ
رƣֱһھѪ˫۳죬һ춯صĺ֮
ûǸˣ
һ֮һɫս˺Ѳ񷣬һնʵ֮ϣնأһɺڶֱӸֱ֣ɡ
ûᣡ
ɫۿʱնɱϲһĨɭޱȵɱȼѪ֮ǡɫ֮ìٶ˼ޡ
һӰ΢΢һǡɫ֮ìͳıȥ
һǡɫ֮ìᴩ࣬һ޵аĵҲ˫˫ܵش

ǡɫ֮ìᴩһɲǣסһӡĻеֱ֮һȣǡɫ֮ìֱɡ
лˣ
ֱӻһɫնȥһԾأĿֲâֱŵkն˹ȥ
һҲ
һɾ޴Ŀ־һӿɫ۵飬õkжһ³һ˿
ã˻
ɫһ˲䣬ӿһ˿˿һɫâȴһ˲ն£ɫնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣ɫֱУɫ۵Դ
ʡɫǿɺڶ֮вϵţԴɣ֮󣬾ͻҳƮɢ
ǿ߾ˣ
̫֮ײˣ
ʡɫ֮ۡЩɶպգ޵һʱĵߡڵ֮ҲǶĴڣھȻ֮һȫɱˣ̫ˣ
޵аĵߣȻˣ֮ڰ֮ѾԿߣһ׵ߣȻ̤޵а򡣡
ֲЩҪk׵ߡֹһ׵ߣʹ
ǿĴΧеһħ֮޵аնɱߣ̫ˣ
ֻʣµһħ֮ˣkҲһ٣
ھʿʵֻۣҲ֮Уǿһʿʵۣ

ЩΧ۵ʥߡʥǼһĻжһĨ𺧵ĹâkǶ֪һ׵ߣضһֲ޵аĵߣʵ춯ءǵkȴû뵽澹Ȼܹ׾ٵĴΧ֮£նɱߡ
սֱ죬ȫԽǰ˴ʿʵۡ


1330 ܶħ֮
֮鵽ΪֹΣ
һֲޱȵħڵһħ֮ʵ֮лƣkϵܼٶȿʼѸٵ
Ϊֹ㾹Ȼ֣Ҫҽ׵ߣƮƮһ䵽Ϊֹ֣ͣ쿪
˫֮ޱȵľ⣬ŵһħ֮ʣصӡҫȡߵԴϵǿꡣ
ȻˣôǾͷָˣ
һħ֮һĨ׹⣬ԭħɵӡҫһֱ֮ѿһֲޱȵѷ졣
һֲޱȵѷ֮һ·ɳĸͨīӡĹײġ
ĸײĸһ򿪣˫ȴɢŵ߼ֲϢĶħ֮ʴӹײ֮л̤
ħ֮ʣ߼Ķħ֮ʣ
ǿħ֮ʣ൱ߣ
ħ֮ʣ߼ǿߡǵһħ֮ʵĵ̣ÿµĵ̣ÿµֶΣ

ЩΧ۵ʥϵǿһħ֮ʣʱһǵ߼ǿÿһޱȣ£޵һʱĿֲڡ
һ߾ܹһСޱȵһԾΪưһʱĿֲ塣ǵһħ֮ʾȻһó߼Ķħ֮ʼֱ졣
Ļ˱նɱĶħ֮⣬ζħ֮նҵСkǾԭĻ֮ȻҪΪУôն㣡ӶһУ
һħ֮һ֮ɫȻֱ˹
߼Ķħ֮Ҳ΢΢һĵħֱȥ
һħ֮ʣͬǹ¾ս
浭һЦһ֮Χ֣㡢ӰѩšʯĴ߼ǿ߶ǰĴħ֮ʹȥ
һʱΧƣ˲һֱӳڵһħ֮ʵǰеսꪴ֮һӰŵһħ֮ʴȥ
һħ֮âʩչǿޱȵĹɱطȥ
Ƭնϵ𵴣ֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
ʮ˸ħǡƶɵħ磬ǿ˼㣬ʮ߼ǿн֣ȴȻûб顣
浹ǽһħ֮ѹƣڵһħ֮ʵնһ˺ۡҲȫѹסһħ֮ʡӰһħ֮սƽ֡ѩšʯαֻܹǿֵסħ֮ʵĹһ¶˿ڡ
ħ֮ڣħӯ̺ħ֮УȫǶħ֮ʵ֮УЩħ֮ԽսԽ£ϵҲһ˵ٶȻָţԽԽǿ
ѩŵʵڱһħ֮ʻƣһħ֮һնڵkϣkֱնء
֮㲻Һͽ⣬ȴ֪Ҳͽ⡣ֻҪն㣬һͳͳߣҾϣۣҽˣ˭ҲȲ㣡
һħ֮һĨ֮ɫԡħѪʩչǿޱȵĹɱطһе湥ȥ
ֻҪѩһα߱Ƕħ֮նɱһħ֮ʵƾܹͬѩһ㲻ϵսɱ
ǵһħ֮ʣʱ޵аֵҶȫնɱ㣡ԣ԰ĵȥˣ
ɭһЦһ¸ֳصӡһָʱֱ֮֡գޱȵĹâһʱӡϴӿ
ʱ֮֡ҳϣʱȷʵһ޵ط޵Сҵ磬ȥڡδͳͳΨһʱ֮ҵ֮ڣҲֻ·һ
һħ֮һĨԵţӽնȥ
⡾ʱ֮֡ɲֹֻ÷
浭һЦһ˲ɫһ࣬ȵھʿʵ۵֮Ϊã
ޱȵӡҫһֺ룬޴Բ֮λΪģֱɢ
֮λսħ֮ڣʿĶ߻صš
һսħ溣ʿһĨȴ£ҵʹá
һâһ溣ʿ֮бֱӳȡʧ
£ʹǵ

սħ֮ڣһԥֱ
ãã֮Уһǿޱȵʿš
һʥʿһĨ֮ɫ֮£ʹҵ
һصؾ֮ڣ׷Ȼ¶һ˿Цݣ֮ȻҪҵȥɣ
أųϵʿǶԼ׳
֮λһųʥĹâһޱȵĹӵɳͨڤڤķֱûǡʱ֮֡ڡ
ǡʱ֮֡һ¸ֳӰǿߵһӡγɵĹâһһ˲˵һħ֮ʵϡ
һʱӡγɵļεڵһħ֮ʵϣǵһħ֮ס
һħ֮һĨмĵƣ㼯ҲֻܹӡҲʮ룡ǵƥһ壡
кâһţס֮صӡ֣ӡס֮һһųʮġڡ
ס֣
һħ֮һһšڡо״ʢов
ޱȵӡҫǡڡâһһޱȣ̺ŻһĻһ˵һħ֮ʵϡ
һɲ֮䣬һħ֮ʱ㱻һֱɣеһͳͳֱӻ𡢷ֽ⡣
ǻ֮Уһħ֮һرϸ֣Ȼ飬ûһرܹk
ǡڡĹâʧ֮һɫĹǼܾգصӡޱȵħ⡣
һɺڶֱӸ֣һɫĹǼֱɣǵһħ֮ʵԴ
һħ֮ʣȻˣ
ǿǴ֮һħ֮ʣĿֲڡ
һħ֮ʣǿ޵аĵߡһ޵а֮еǿߣȻС̫ˣ
֮ӽҲûܹ赲k𡣡

ЩΧ۵ǿǿƬжһĨη֮ɫ
֮£ܹߡʱʹϹ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һɫǼ֮ȻҲɵĵ߱Դ޵аǺ纣Դȫͬ
ȻˣôµҾˡ
кâһһƬħ࣬һץʮ˸ħǡֱץȥ
һħǡһ±һɿֲޱȵȴֱѹץС
ʮ߸ħǡһ¸ֳޱȵħ⣬һâ֮Ĵȥ


1331 ˫滨
̤ʱ֮дһץһֲֻֻޱȵĴǡħǡץȥ˸ħǡץС
ľŸħǡ΢΢һû֮Уʧ
ѩŵ˼սĶħ֮ʣħӿ˷ȥ
ӣ̫ˣ
˫һ¸ֳޱȵӡͬһ޵еħһָǡʱ֮֡һų貵ӡ֮⡣
ĵʱǡʱ֮֡и֣ħ֮ʵ֮ϡ
ħ֮ʵ΢΢һһһʱҵĹ״̬ٶһ±ûޱȡ
ѩŵĴǿһ·ɳħ֮ʹȥ
һʱӡǡʱ֮֡зɳûĴǿߵϣõkǵٶٴα
Ӷ֮ޡͬһһ㣬ݺݵĳһͷħ֮ʵϡ
ͷħ֮ʱͲĶ֣ħ类ơkֱʱֱ֮֡ʱ֮֡ǿһһ֮£ͷħ֮ȻĶ֡
ʮ֮䣬һͷħ֮ʱ㱻ֱӳýǶѣѪģ
һӡһͷħ֮ʵ֮Уͷħֱ֮ѹһӡ֮ڡ
ü΢΢һӶ֮ޡݺݵӰĶħ֮ʹȥ
ħʧ֮ӰʵԶԶͷѾʧȥ˴󲿷־Ķħ֮ϡһս֣ͬݿһ㣬оͽͷħ֮ش
һӡٴθ֣˶ħ֮ʵڣͷħ֮ѹӡ
㡢Ӱٴ֣ħ֮ʹȥͷħֱ֮ӻܣѹӡ
һڤڤĿռ֮УһɫĹײģǺɫײĵıޱȵӡɢһɿֲޱȵħ
ɶҲǰѣضܹɱ֮㾹ȻɱҵĻرѣһὫɱ
һɫĹײ֮дһŭ֮һ˿˿˵ƣǺɫײڵȫ֮еĹ켣ȫĨȥ
һſǳ֮׹䣬ƬѪɫƷѪգ·ڿ
ǳ׹䣬Ѫգף
ߣ
Щ߲սڶʹģ
ʵߣֻ±Ӳˣ

Ǹǿǿǳ׹䡢ѪյжһĨ֮ɫ
ÿһ߶һ֮콾֮е콾֮еĹҲս֮ս
ʷ֮УΪ˽㣬ʩչطԼӡͼһѡ
󲿷ֵĵ߶Ϊ⣬ʱⳤ֮С
İ˴ʿʵ۵սµʱ򣬾նɱҷӡĵߡ
ʿͳƺͷһ֮лֵĵܾһҡЩ䣬ʱ֮ڣܹkǵĿȱ
֮޵Уɱ¾̫ˣ
ܹ֮㣬ҲᱻЩΧɱkĵɱ¾ֻ̫࣬»¾ս
֮ĵɱˡܹǿ߿⣿
ֶ̫֮ײˡҪǵk΢飬ЩߴЭͬԿǿ߲֮ߡ

֮Уһǿ߿棬жŸޱȵɫ
֮ȼ߶ʿĵߣkʿҲһ޴Ĵ
Ŀ䣬֮еǿɨȥ
֮УЩǿǶһĬҶ˵ʲôĴΧ棬еһħ֮޵аͳͳնɱս죬Խ˴ʿʵۡҲû˸ϡ
صӡҫǡɫֱ֮ӷɳ
һ֣һһħ֮ʵϢûǡɫ֮ڡ
ǡɫ֮âҫһ˵ϢһŤģʲôҲûг֡
һĨ֮ɫȻʱϹȻܹԼ˹켣Ĩȥ˲𡣵һħ֮һ֮λĴ˵١
һħ֮ʵĿǽ㣬ĿҲǽ㣬˫ìܸܵ͡źȻ֣һħ֮ʵĻնɱҽĴħ֮ʵķӡѹ
ߣһս˫滨
һĨâ˫滨ķȥ
㡢Ӱڵkǵ󣬸Ļе
ѩſӰıӰ֮һĨʣɶҵʵ̫ˣ
ʯҲһ̾Ҫܹ׵߾ͺˣ
ѩšʯǡħӳ֮£ӵеߵսkǵıʻǰۡһ˫滨֮УͻɰۣԲֵ߼ǿߵսű£ػھʿʳ
֮Ҫȥ˫滨
kҪ˫滨֮ս
˫滨ǿǹͨͨĵ߶ߣkȻҽȥ
֮ǿµǣ

Щʿ֮еǿǼһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
˫滨һζһ֣ͨͨȶ֮ͨп޵аĵߡ
Ҳζ˫滨Ϊص㣬κһռ˫滨ζŻռսƣɹ˿أڹƵһ
˫滨֮ӵޱȵԴѾԴһռ˫滨ͿԻôԴøӵǿ
ʿ֮еǿ忴ıӰĬ֮С
˫滨֮ӵԴ٣ҲǵʱκεµĴڽ棬Ϊߵ
ǻƽӡ˵Ůľ콾ĵǰҲһʿ֮еǿȻ׳֡
ҿ
һ˫滨ǰ˫һ¸ֳصӡһ̺һ˿˿ϢĹâ˫֮зɳû˫滨֮ڡ
˫滨һųޱȵĹԣֱӴһ޴ޱȵͨ
һ̤Ǿ޴֮ͨڣӴޱȵĻеҲһӿ롣
һ˵˫滨صӡҫһ´һ޴ޱȵͨ
˶
Ѿõ
˫滨Ѿˣ˶ԽУѰһԵ
ɱȥ˫滨棡
ֻҪܹռ˫滨ܹռݸơøӵǿ󣡡

˫滨֮վһֻһֲֻޱȵĴÿһֻ붼һµĵߣɢſֲޱȵĵѹ
Щ޷˵ĳ˫滨֮ڡ
ڹ֮ѹһУûлԵ㣬Ψн˫滨֮УӶԴȻʿ磬´󹦣־ĻЩ߲һ˿ܽ㡣


1332 
һâ΢΢һһһĽס񳲵Ļ֮£ɵ˫滨֮
ʮʥ壡
ʮʥˣ
ȦʮȮڳˣ
ЩȮڳˡ

˫滨֮һֻֻĴһſ񳲣ж֮ɫ
ǿ߿һſ񳲣һĨʡ֮ɫ
֮ѹ棬塢ʮʥǵkƿĴ֡
ǿڽ׵֮Ҫôѡ񳼷ߣʮʥ壬ΪеľżҪôֻܹʩչطҷӡȴսѰΨһһ
ÿһս֮УΪ¼Ĺѫ滶̤㡣
Щ඼Ǳҷӡǹʮʥ壬ȻûκκøС
սһߣǹ߲µıǡͨĵͽҲͰˣһвƿصĴڸʹ񳲣ͻ⵽ѹصʱᾪ߳֡
һſֱӽ䣬ڶһ»ƣμγʮ
õʥ塢ʥ塢ʥ塢Ӱצʥ塢ʥ塢ʥ塢ʥ塢ʥ塢ʥ塢ʥ壬ʮʥ徹Ȼȫˣ
ϹﲻԣһȻͬ㲻κ˻ᡣ
ʮʥ壬ʮߣѹκδڣϹȻֹϺݶ

ڳ߼һĻж΢΢һݡ
ʮʥ嶼㳲Ҷߵĸһ֣սֱ졣
һ޵аĵʮʥΧҲֻ·һвҲᱻֱѹ
ǻڴ˵صĹʮ𣬿ʮĵҲδʮʥĶ֡
һâҫЩڴ˵صĹǷ׷׵ķ˫滨֮ڣҪһӶԴѫ
һ֮ڣһĹ֮УӵһžԲԲ֮ʮһϯλÿһϯλ֮϶һֲޱȵĵߡ
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һӰ֮еӰצ֮䵭Щ֮Уûмһε֮սȻ֮ս֮໥֮սΪգв߶䡣kֻһ֮˪½㣬ȴûп֮˪ͬһʱĵ߼ȫȻĴҡ
û֮սΪաвҲ䡣Իλĺһͬ񡣡
һһͷɫ̷չһɫò׵ķ΢΢һЦ
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ʮʥ֮£֮еһ߶׷׽˫滨֮ڡ
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㣡Ӱ
תӰһۣ
Ӱһۣ΢΢ͷ
صӡҫֱߴһǧԲ߼ֱӸ֡
Բε߼ؾͬڵСһԲϵĽɳΪӰṩǿޱȵ
߼شһ׹䵽˴֮Уһģʧ
֮УһһſԲεĻе
һſԲεĻеһ䵽֮ϣѸٵչ仯ΪһӡĻе
̻Ƭ֮жŸָķԼһ
һһĻеžͿ˫滨֮н޸죬սǱһʮֹ
ӰӡҫһûƬ֮Уʧ
ȥɱǿߣռԴ
ɨӴޱȵĻеһۣ
ӴޱȵĻеűֱɢ˷ȥʼɱǿߡ
ԴڵķһۣһĨâ΢΢һΣһԴķȥ
һɽ֮УһɫĹâ΢΢һһףӡɢŰۼֱֲӷɳ֮ȥ
ӣʿľ콾ǲһʿˣҹ
һţԵϢɽ֮һͷϳһֻǣſԱɢ޵аֳһźɫĴ󹭣ֱһ䡣
һɲ֮䣬һɫļʸ˺Ѳɫϣɫһᴩ
صӡ֣һ´֮׹䣬Ѫء
ѪһĨ֮ɫɶ񣬵ҾͲӦøʷֿ
ҲһҰĲţȻһ˫滨磬ȴʮֹϵ۷ֿͼѰԼĻԵ취׵ߡ
ڿʼʱҲȷʵ˲ٻԵֻ˹ǿĴ콾֮һʣŻᱻǹһٻܡ
ߵǰһŲӵͷ֮ϣ·һͷ׵һЦÿһϧ㲻ǵ߼Ʋһۼر
һۼǿŹһЦ£޿ɷ£ǿǴ֮
ʺһЦû⣡ҲҪǸ⡣
һŨŨӿӵУһصӡ֣ͼǹʵѹơ

һЦݺһŲӵͷϣһɿֲޱȵֱеķ
һѪӵĿһ緢콾Եޱȡ
˺ôĵӣȻҶ˳֡Ǿȥɣ
һһ޴ޱȣ̺ſֲޱȵľ޴ƴŹֱȥ
ߣ
ɫ䣬һ¸ֳһƬƬ̺޾صɫҶصӡҫһƬƬɫҶһ±һֲ̺ͥԺ
Ǿ޴һץصͥԺ֮ϣ̺ͥԺֱ󱬡


1333 նɱ֮
һɫĹâҫʱɫ԰׵ĳ֮⡣
Ȼܹҵһ㻹е㱾£
һƽ֮ӰһתʵƬ֮С
֮
һӰбһĨɫ
ӺճӵѪĵkһʿԴ潫k֮󣬾һԶͬǿߵٶȲϽտھʿʳΪһֲǿߡȻkĸҲҪӵĴڡ
֮
Լkߵļǿɫ䣬һĨɵ֮ɫ
ǹһʱĴߣľ콾ͬ޵еȻǿkҲòԼԶԶȲ档
ʿ֮ܺãն㣬ҳĻܹ֣
һƽޱȵ֮һĸߴ󣬴һɫսף˫۷ףɢһɰԵϢǿߴ֮һһɿֲޱȵĵӵk֮л
ۣ
ˣ֮һˡ
ۿ޵аĵߣkȻˡ֮ˣ

ʵȹǿ߼һĻһĨ˷֮ɫ
ǰǹ֮еһ𶥼ߣȻûдﵽ޵аȴҲܹüĵߡ
ǰʮֺӣЩǿȻ֪۾޵а߻вСľ룬ȴȻάϡ
ڹʵǿߵУۼȻѾֻ·һ
һĨ֮ɫŸ߸ϵ̬֮£ҿԸһȫʬһ㡣
ƾ㣬Ҳɱңǲ
һЦкâһǰ̤һйâһꪡֱӸ֣һն䣬һޱȵɫâѹһеĿֲŰնȥ
֮һ۾ȻܹӳȵߵѹЩ¡۾ǰۣûпԽ߽ޣȻҳ֣ǲ֪
һĨâһЦצһץһͷԾ£ɢſֲİɫӰȻ֣צһצݺݵץȥ
һɫâһնǰɫצ֮ϣӲĽǰɫצֱնأ˳նǰɫ۵֮ϣǰɫһնء
Ѿ׵ߣôܣѾռΨһһ֮λôܽ׵ߣ
ɫ屻նأһ˼飬Ǳնصһ¸ֳصӡֱȥ
ǰɫһѾֱشѾ׵ߣһһ޵аĵߡk£ֻ·һ
ɫ۾Ȼˣôܣ
֮ȻѾ׵ߡ⣬ôܣǸΨһһ֮λѾռݡkôܽ׵ߣ

ɽ֮ϣԼk׷һͬ˱棬kҲԶ˵ľ콾һ˲䣬׷ʩչطһ˷ȥ
ӣ̫ˣ
һЦһָʱ֮֡Ȼ֣صӡҫʱǡʱ֮֡ӿŰɫ۵һˢ
ɫ۵һʱŤҵĹ״̬
һɺڶȻֱ֣һͽǰɫ۾Уһɺޱߵ֮һˢ
Լk׷Ǳͬһֻֻһ㱻ɺڶ֮ڡ
һӴޱȵ֮ɺڶ֮ӿŰɫ۵˵Դ
֮䣬ʵǿ߾ͻɻңʧ
ǰɫҲʮ䣬Դһգһѻҽ
һĨ֮ɫǿ̫֮ǿˣ߶ܹɱô˵kѾԽһϣ׵ˣ
ڰ֮ʱȷʵǿޱȣѾԻһߡҪɱһȴʮѣֻõ޷ѵܱտռ֮ڣпܻɱһͨĵߡ
ɫһ޽ӽ޵аĵߣĿֲڶɱֻһܣǾѾͻƵ߽ޣ׳Ϊһ޵аĵߡ
ӣҲЩô
ɨһۣһָһޱȵӡָ֮ӿһûӵڡ
л֮ȡ
һ±仯Ϊ̬һӵ湧һ
ʱѾ׵ߣһ׵߾ͳΪۡһħͬһȼ޵аĵߣȻö汣ֹ
ã
һָһֱӸ֣һ²ӵϣֱ΢΢һΣһԴķȥ
һƬï֮ܵС
챦߲һ챦߲Ҿɵļʣ״ʥ
һʥĶŲԶ֮һ챦߲һĨ֮ɫ
һֲֿޱȵĺڶȻ֣ǹʥһֱӽǹʥ߾˽ȥ
һ·֮ϣһǿ߾ֱӳѹɣһʮʥֱ߱ҽ
һâ΢΢һͳԴıԵ
ߣǹĵߣܺãնǣҾܹøˣ
һԴԵͿԴԵȴߣȻҪԴѰ
뿪֮ǰѾһԭҶֱ֮ƻ󲿷ֵĵ߶֮û뿪ϢҲû⴫
֮޴ȻǡѰ·
һ߰ףţͷ˺ɫƬţħ֮Ķ棬г޾ɱ
һһֻɫǣӡòޱȵķ֮ţħ֮Ҫ嶯֮һˡڵkʱ̶һ߼ܡ
̫֮Сˣ֮߾ٶһʣҲǵĶ֡һϣɱ˵kkһͳͳӶɣ
ǻ˽ɫëĽһĨâӡҫ仯ΪһͷףŽɫë貽ĳɫ㡣
ǽɫҲ֮һ鼶ĳˡҲֻѷ֣ͬһֲֿޱȵĴڡ
һͷɫһ˫ſֲޱȵĽɫâһ³ǰצֱץȥ
ǽ۵צֲޱȣһצȥԹᴩͷ­׺ᵽ˼㡣
ţħ֮âһֳһһ˸󣬻Ӷް̺ſֲȥ


1334 
˵ʵĴڣҲkһϸ¡ϧҡ
صӡҫǡʱֱ֮֡Ӹ֣貵Ĺâͬһʱħһδ
ߵĹһºϣȴͬڿ֮һ㡣
һޱȵӰ΢΢һͳڽ۵ͷϣһնǽ۵ͷ­֮ϡ
һֲ׵ɫâһնڽ۵ͷϣǽͷ­ͬkӴޱȵնء
һɺڶȻ֣ǽһֱӾУŵkԴ
ǽɺڶ֮ôӴޱȵԴȻֱꡣ
֮һĻӿһ˿˿⣺֮㾹ȻѾΪߣ
ţħ֮Դ涼ż⣬ȴһʮ־ĵߣӡҫһԾ޴ڵkı֣΢΢һΣһٶȰ֮£Զֱȥ
ţħ֮һʱžطܹƵʱĵۼطkֶҲֻ·һ
ʱ֮ʱ֮֡ʩչʱһطսߣһһɱŵ춨˵k޵аطĿֲɼһߡ
֮һĻɫ䣬صӡƣŷ֮ٶȰ廯һţħ֮෴ȥ
ǹϣսĵߣһҾѡߣҪ׷ɱҲҪЩֽšϧȻҶҳ֣ôǵ³Ѿע
浭һЦʱ֮֡һҫӡֲޱȵʱţħ֮ͷ֮һˢ
ʱĳˢ֮Уߵʱһҵ״̬
ֱӴһʱ̤֮ȻĳǷ֮ǰһն
һޱȵɫâһ˲佫֮һķֱն飬˳նǷ֮ϣǷ֮һնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ƿ֮һͽֱ֮ӾУŵkԴ
նɱ˷֮һ˸ţħ֮ǰţħ֮նȥ
֮ס֣Ϊ۴ħţһ汻֮ҿΰ۴飬һ
ţħ֮֮һ¸ֳһɫޱȵ⣬Լǰ
ɫ֮ӡҫŸֱӸ֣һγһֲޱȵķ硣
һնһֲޱȵķ֮ϣӲĽǷֱն飬ֲޱȵһ˲佫ǾŸͳͳն飬˳նţħ֮ϣڵk֮նһֲޱȵ˿ڡ
ţħ֮ʮûйĺеס֣֮顣Ը⳼㣬һ
ãֿӡ
ţħ֮һĨ⣬һҧһģģһľţӰֱӸ֡
ȻһСꪡһɫĹâ쵽˼㣬һ˲նţħ֮ϽkһΪ
㡭
ţħ֮־ŭͱɺڶһɡ
꾭ߵļӳ֣沼ɱﵣ֮½ƣֻ»ᱻȥ浱ʲô֪𣿡
濴ɺڶ֮пŵţħ֮һЦ
ߵֶο죬ǿޱȡӵСסҪһµĵߣҲûһ˿ܡ
ţħ֮һĨʣԴȫȡҳƮɢ
һУЯıպã΢΢һΣһûԴ֮ڡ
֮
μȻûɱkǹȻǴˣ
Դ֮һ̤֮һǿޱȵ֮ǵ֮һɨӦʿĵĵ߷ֱռɽ໥ţȴûд֡
ʱ֮ϣʿһӵߣӵߡʵۣռơ
˫ɱԻܾˡ˫滨֮Σأһkܾˣֻ»ᱻ̵໥ǣ֮£űһޱȵƽ⡣
֮
kˣ
ǸĻ쵰Ȼһ

ЩһӦϢжһĨâ߷
֮䣬ʮ֮߱ıԵ
֮һĨâ֮㾹Ȼһۡһħһֱ֣֮ɱȻ󽫵kƳΪϱҩֻҪķ֮һķ֮С
һۡһħĿⶼ΢΢˸Ķ档
ʮߣ޵аĵߣ֮⣬ûܹĵߡ
ǼɵԴ֮ڣ۵ʿĵֻѾ֣ѹ
ۣ·־ȵĶӣ㡣
һһɫĹֱӷɳһ±仯Ϊӣɵ۵ߡ
ʣ
һĨ֮ɫվ۵
һĨâƽޱȵ֮л
΢΢һЦۡһħѾµѾ׵ߡǾ֣Ҳֻܹң޷ɱҡԴ֮Уǻң塣֣Щĵͳͳɱ⣬ƽֵkǵıΣ
ãҴӦ㣡֣ɱЩĵߣ
һħĿ΢΢һޱȵӡ֣ʮħڱֱſɢ޵аĿֲϢһצֱ֮ץȥ
ãҾһΣɱЩߣҲ㻹ҶӵĶ顣
Ŀ΢΢һһֳԲΣ仯Ϊһͷֲޱȵһצֱ֮ץȥ
ʿĵĿ΢΢һһҧŹ߹ȥ
΢΢һΣһ³һߴףӡľʯ֮ǰһǾʯ֮ݺնȥ
ұ
Ǿʯ֮һĨâ̽צһץһɲ֮䣬ʯںϣ仯ΪһʯһСһеĿֱֲץȥ
һɫâһնһʯ֮ϣӲĽһʯ飬˳ն£Ǿʯ֮һն롣
޵а㾹Ȼһ޵аĵߣ
Ǿʯ֮һĨ֮ɫ
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǿʯ֮һͽǾʯ֮һ¾зŵkԴ
޵аĵߣ
֮ȻѾףΪһ޵аĵߣ

ǲдɫ䣬𺳣һĨ֮ɫ


1335 ̵
סkǣ֮ɱ֮
֮һĨâӡҫһ±仯Ϊһߴǧֱľ޴
һſǳһž޴Ĺϸ֣ҫޱȵǳ֮⡣
Щ߶ԿЩǳ֮У飬ÿһǳһ硣
֮ϵǳ֮УkΨһ飬ϵĴڡ
ִ˷ޱȵĹâָ磬ۡһħԼͳͳָһ֮С
ۡһħԼ߶ʩչǿޱȵĹɱط֮沼õĽ硣
֮ϣһſǳȻըѿǳ֮еҲȫ䡣
һ㣬ֲ֧˶ãֻܹ֧һСʱ
֮֮ԼдĹԺ֮лص
֮һ֮޵аĵԼĵ߷ӡһ֮֮мֱ漣Ȼkһ޵аĿֲڣȻԼıԴ֮Ҹ޷־á
ʥ
֮âӡϸֳ֣ԲΣһ±仯Ϊһ޾ɽɽ
һޱȵĹâҫſ֮ɽڲֱӷɳſǳȥ
Ǿſ֮ɽӴľ飬ÿһŶ޵е۱ſһ߱壬Ҳᱻˡ
֮âӡҫһ±仯Ϊһߴ׵ĺˣڵkҫ֮⡣
һɲ֮䣬ͷ֮ʴɵĺֱӸ֣ʩչֹɱطȥ
֮ĸ֮кâһһֳԲΣһͷĿֲħߣ޴ޱȵħ֮ĸ߻ƣÿһħ߶ɢļµĳ
һֻɫͫһ¸֮УһɫĹâ֮ͫȥ
һֻɫͫΪ̺֮֮ͫĸõƿŸ֮һ޵аĵǱͫУҲᱻʮܡ
֮âҫһ±仯Ϊһͷ񷣬ͷĹϳʮִޱȵֱֳۣʮۼرʮȥ
һ޾ʬһĮ·һʬֳ֮һ޴ޱȵ֮ǣһǰӶǾ޴ޱȵ֮Ǻݺݵȥ
ֱ֣춯أһ޵аĵߵΧҲɵ֣вͻᱻشֱ䡣
һĨ֮̾ɫǹϣ޵аĵߣ֮˲𣡡
֮൱ȼԼԴָ磬ס۵ߡ
ÿһǾ춯صĴڣôסģһս֮󣬲ʤ֮涼⵽شõĽҲˣ봹״̬ĽȻǱԴľһʬ塣
֮˹ϣȫƣһĵɱȥɱ֮֮һĵǸûҴĿܡ
ϧΨһĴ󣬾ң
浭ȻһЦǡʱ֮֡ɳصӡҫʱ֮£kһ̤δֻһӰӡ
һµӰ֮ϣֱӽӰӺһֲޱȵĴ󶴣ɷ򲻶׷ݣȴ޷׷汾
ҿ
һ˿˿ҫδֱ֮֮߳仯ɵľ޴ɽ֮ϣһŭ𣬻Ӷеս֮ꪣһնǾ޴ɽ֮ϡ
ʱռŻǳɺڶֱӸ֣γһɣǾ޴ɽ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮У֮ľ޴ɽһѿ
һȥɣ֮
һ֮ɽ֮зӡҫһ춯صľ޴ըһ½Լߵһͳͳɡ
ˣ
֮𣿡
쵰

֮ĸȼĵ߶ɫ䣬һʩչطſһصķ硣
޾Ĺâһ½еһͳͳɣ֮ĸȼߵķҲֱӱǰɫĹâɡ
һħ޾İ׹⿴ȥһĨڴ֮ɫ֮Աɵ𣿡
ҲǸȥһĨĹâ𣿡
ڶԿ֮ϣǵһħ˵ѡ֮ϣеĵ߶ڵжԵ֮ϡ
һħ۵ȵΪ˱ȽϺãkǾܹһľС
޾İɫâɢȥ֮Ǵ֮ϳһ޴ޱȵĶѨǶѨ֮гŹŤ򣬾һʥ˵أҲᱻǶѨŤɱ
Ƭ֮УɢŸֵߵѪ⣬֮ĸ߶ըǧٿףһϢ
޹֮Ȼκһ޵аĵ߶ܹС
һ˿˿ҫδ֮ߵڣɫ΢΢һףһ¿ȳѪء
һѪһ޺ɫתΪ˰ɫһɫļʸȥ
ָһһɱʥİɫʸֱӱ
ʱķһֻĻᱻ޹֮ԱشȻÿһ߶С
һɺڶϸ֣޹֮Աķ֮ͳͳϢҲԽԽֲ
΢΢һ̾ɱһ
һħĿ˸ʱǾͨʱǿ߲ܹյĶطҲֻһŶط߲лնɱߡ
ʱʱ֮յ޵طҲǵkµĵơֻҪ㣬κһ߶ʱط
ΪˣЩǲŻ˿ֲ޵С
ʱķ֮󣬾пƵߵʱõΧɱôһ˿Ŀܡ
һɺڶ֮һֱӽǱش֮ɣŵkԴ
ҾˣҲΪ̤ʯ
ʬ֮һĨâӡҫԱ
ûõģ޹̫֮ԶˡѾˣҪԱҲҪͬͬ⣡
ǡʱ֮֡һ·ɳһޱʱӡɵһ·ɳʬ֮ڡ
ʬ֮֮еʬ֮һ±ʱӡӡѹ΢΢һҲ޷
һɺڶֱӸ֣ʬֱ֮Уʱ䣬ʬֱ֮ӻҽƮɢ
һĻǲдĵ߶΢΢һǺ֮΢΢һһΣԴķӶȥkҲޱȣϱԴԭҲԸΪ̤ʯ


1336 
ûõģעҪҵС
Ŀ䣬һͬһں֮ǰһں֮ϣصӡҫû˺֮ڡ
֮һ±仯Ϊһߴǧľ޴ɫɽһɫɽϵصӡ֮£仯ΪһƴСĺɫɽֶһ֮ڡ
֮ĸɫ䣬֮һĨ֮ɫ֮һԸΪūΪ澣̷һ
ɨ֮ĸһһ߼Ůһ治ա㻹ʵʵĳΪҽ̤ʯɣ
κһ߶Ǿ޵еĴڣӵĲ֮涯áסҲkǵꡣ
ҹ򣬵kǵֶιĪ⣬ȫӲ沼Щ֮еֶΡ
֮ĸҧ֪֮Ųҡ֪һıء㷢һҾʹǰǸء
üͷ΢΢һ壬ɺڶֱӱĶ֮ĸֱأôԼȥȡ
׵֮ʵٴӭһͻͽӡҪ㣬ҪԴҲ˾ŹκһԼʵĻᡣ
ãã棬ӵյءȻ֮оųɾϵĵطЩûκвȻмյأ߽룬ҲΣա
Ǹؾһ֮УұԼ̤޵а֮ǰǸطǱȡߡڣֻܹóԼˡ֮ĸһ̾
ãҾ㲻
һᣬָһţޱȵӡֱӷɳ֮ĸڡ
֮ĸһһͷ񷣬صĿֲ߱һֻƴСľСߣȻһ֮ڡ
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һ춯صľ֮У֮ľ޴һ±һ޴ѷ졣
֮ôǿҲܳʱĵס޵аԼߵΧ
һֲޱȵĹɱطһž޴Ĺϣһž޴Ĺķѡ
һֻֻɷγɵĴֲץţ֮ľ޴кץС
֮һ޵аһɣÿһֶ̺ǿޱȵľһС鶼Ըıһһˡ
澲վһ߿һĻûгĵ֮Ĳк
һħһĨĹâ΢΢һЦʱ˲֮ôһ޵طʱ֮ҲĶ֡
浭һЦҶѡ
º֮ҲһĨ֮ɫȻܹʱ׵ߣ̫֮ǿ̫ˡֲþȻܹʱ޵ط
ļʿĵ߿棬Ҳһ˿˿ӵĹâk״ӽѾ̤ʿ֮еĶ㣬Ϊµľͷ֮һ
ʱһ޵طܹͬһħ֮ȥһطٶĵ֣߳Ҳѻ档
ЩЩߵıأ֮Լҿѡá
һ㣬һСſһߵıֱӴ򿪣ޱȵı⡣
ºʵĴһЩߵıأ˫һ׷֣ԼһֵԴߡ
۵֮ǰӦòֹΪɱkǰɣ
һĿϣ̽Ѱ֮ɫ
̹ȻûǰҪλһͬ˫滨ƿСһ֮Ҫ˫滨ƿУ̫ˣ
׵֮ս죬ѹͨߡǹ˫滨ǹһĵߡ
֮£ֻܹѰѡ
ۡһħʿѾյ޵аߡǵkܹӪͿԼӪʵļƻְա
һħһЦϣʲôô
΢ЦһħϡôҿԽ޾Ԩó
һħ˫һ˻棿
޾Ԩǵһħ֮أ̺޾ܡkǰò޾Ԩø档
޾ԨУһħȫʧȥ˶޾Ԩƿأʵ˥ü󣬸Զʱ
ǵһħȫʢʱڣҲһһħ֮ʿĿֲڡʧȥ޾ԨǰѣkʵҲͨ޵аԶԶûȫʢ֮ʱҪ޾ԨkȻõk˷ܲѡ
ʮֹϵֻҪϣռ˫滨֮Ҿͽ޾Ԩ
Ļ޾Ԩ֮ٹһпܽΪһߡ޾Ԩ˫滨һȣ͸ֵһᡣ
ֻҪܹռ˫滨磬ܹޱȵԴߡ
һĨλֻҪλһͬԵУռ˫滨֮Ǵҿ԰չѫ˫滨Դ
ºʮֹϵã֮ºԸͬԿǿߡ
֮Уǿ߿ԻøԴԽԽǿ߾ֱֻܹ̭塣
˫滨ıԴ֮ӵԴӵ˴˽ޡ˽޵ľԼͻƵߵĵر
ºûмϷ˫滨ʢ磬kضһȻһˣͱǿ߿⡢ɱΣաһºҲԤϡ
۳һᣬȨ֮ʮֹϵȻˣҲǵˡ
һľȴȼŹĿ֮Ҳ룡
һһֲ֮УͬһŤ֮Ҳ룡
һɫظҹɵҴ۳һܾս̫գˡҾܾ
ȻԸΪսôãװ˷Դ
һҴ۵󴫳һֲֻޱȵħצһ̳Ҵ۵ڣkڳ
˵úãȻ㲻ԸˣǾȥɡñ¶ǵ鱨
âһһצҴ۵ͷ­֮ϣҴ۵ͷ­ֱӺ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ҵ۵֮ϣҴ۵Դ
߼һĻ΢΢һݡ
ºʸǱֱð亹ҡkҪ뿪ˣֻҲѾ桢һħ޵аĵָɵ
޵аĵߣȻҪ˫滨£ȻǽͷݡԼ˵ĴڣͳͳҪŲκα⡣


1337 ն
ӴޱȣҴȫʢ״̬һҪࡣ
뿪ֱ֮ӵ
һħºʵȵߵĿҲϡ
΢΢һЦûĵȷʵҪöࡣȫҲֻʮʥ塣
Щ߶Ǵˣһ¾е֮⡣
ǹ֮ǿƣÿһ߶ӵԼİٻ᳼ߣΪߵ߹ȫߵҲֻʮʥ塣
˫滨֮ڣǵʩչҲԴѶǧս֡ǵĴûᣬҲΨһĻᡣ
ҵĻеѾ˫滨֮ڲ֣˫滨鱨ƿ֮СһЦ
֮ĻеܾŹȻ
ЩŴ΢΢һݣһĨӵĹâ
ЩÿһսľǿߣȻ鱨Ҫԡ˫滨֮Уǿޱȵ֣ǿ֮ҲԼԶ
澹ȻܹƾӴޱȵĻеų˫滨鱨ֱ졣
ˣߣ
΢΢һ¶һ˿˿Ц⣬һ֣һɫĻеԲֱӷɳڵһ´򿪣仯ΪһԾš
һ̤Ծ֮ڣԭʧ
һħһĨâԵ޵֮һᾧԾš˲Խ޾ľ룬˲
ºĵȷʵԾţɻʳıܹ˲ͶŵkǵΧ֮ڡ൱ڽԼ˼ʮֹ
֮ĵˣֱʳѰ֮ڿǵѡѻ˰ġ
еĿⶼ΢΢˸һᣬ׷̤Ծ֮ڡ
һԾ֮߳ЩǾͿһֱߴһǧĸ֮֮
һͷһͷʨһսʿһ֮зɳ䵽·ɼŸޱȵԴǸ֮зȥ
΢Цһ֮оסʨħ壡ʨۣһͨߣ֣ɵk

һħâһӡҫһ±仯Ϊһ߸ߴǧĿֲħˡ
һħֳһħӽһնһޱߣ·ܹ˺ѲĿֲâһֱ֮նȥ
ħ֮ħҫеħʨǿ嶼һըѿԴǿֲħɣħâøӵĿֲ
ʲôˣȻҶʨ۳֣
һ춯صŭ֮һ֮дһ޴ޱȣʨʨһ³֣̽צǿֲޱȵĽâֱһץ
¡
֮Уӡҫӳʨ۵ϣõkӲһצħâֱ󱬡
ǿֲޱȵıը룬һնΪ֮Ťңһռѷ측֡
ʨۼһĻһĨɵ֮ɫ޵аĵߣ
һħüͷ΢΢һ壺Ȼҽ˫滨ǿ߶Щ£ҪȥڹǣƾһˣҪЩֽš
Ȼһħ޵аĵߣսǿޱȣԶʨۡҪʨۺķƸɵĸճȴʮѡ
һħһϣڿսʱڣд跨ͬ
һһ峤ǧɫֱӸ֣ݺһצһֱ֮Ӻȥ
֮ϸֳӡӶ絶Ǹ֮һնһ̺ŷ֮ĵâһǸ֮նȥ
֮ſһ磬һ׺ֱӸ֣Ǹ֮·ϯȥ
ºֳһȨȣǸ֮һָһɫˮߴͬһɫսǸ֮նȥ
¡¡¡
ߵΧ֮£һ֮һı顣
Ǹ֮Уһʨǿ߻һɳͼӳ졣
ֻЩʨǿ߸ոշɳ֮ǣͱߵĹֱӺ顣
ǸҼסˣ֮ձصٱ֮
һɫĹâҫʨۻһ𣬳Թߵһۣ䡣
ûõģΪע
ʱֱ֮֡Ӹ֮Уһʱӡγɵʱǡʱ֮֡зɳʨ۵ϣֱʨΧʱ֮С
ʱֱ֮Ӹ֣һնһɫâһնʨ۵֮ϣʨֱնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣ʨ۵һֱɡ
һɫâһʨ۲дһֱѣһ˵һħߵС
Χ޵аĵߣֲֿݣʿʱҲûгֹΣΧɱһ޵аĵߣһȻ춯ء
Ǵ㡢ӰԼӴޱȵĻеţҲпܽʨһĨȥɾԲôɡ
ߣһ
ϷʨħĲƸ֮΢΢һЦ
һħ˷֮ɫߴٵߣ
ĵҲ˷֮ɫս⡣
ÿһ߶һ޴ޱȵı⡣ʨħ屻֮󣬵kһĲƸ˵Уƽ֣ÿҲ˾޴ĺô
һԾţһɢɫľ޴ɽߵǰ
һ֣
һħâһȣֱӻӽһɢɫľ޴ɽȥ
༸Ҳ׷ʩչǿޱȵĹɱһ޴ɽȥ
ѡضɽҡ
ߵΧ֮£һ޴ޱȵɽܿ칥ơ
ɽ֮ոմɽ֮ѣͱݴ͵涯áʱֱ֮֡ɱ
ԴԴϵ鱨ǲ˫滨֮ɢĻе֮дɵһ·ɨƣһ־;춯أǹĵֱɱҽǸֱĨȥ
ÿɱһߣ߶Իþ޴ޱȵĲƸǸֻƽˣŲϵսɱĵԽԽ࣬ǸȴԽԽȶ
һħҲԽԽսkǶ˶ΪǰѵĵߣʵûȫָÿնɱһߣЩߵѪ⣬kǾָܹһʵҿԪҲԻֲ
ÿһս涼áɫ֮˵Ĳҽеնɱһûκεĺۼ
һʮĵ˵У֮е߶˾޴ޱȵĺô
ÿһ߶һ޴ޱȵƶأЩߵı֮лϡĲϣʿѾʯõk㡢ӰܣƳ߼սء


1338 
˫滨֮һޱȵƽԭϣһſƽԭ֮ϣ֮ӿ֮ڣȡ֮
ǹᾧͬԳȡλ֮֮ԴתΪµĳ֮
֮ڣǷֻʣһԴֻҪû飬Ա׾Ȼ
һ֮ڣһ޴Բ֮ǰŹʮʥʮһʥߡ
λ֮ϣ֮Ѿûʨ۵ϢˡkѾˣʨħľӦҲȫˡ
Ӱצ֮üͷ΢΢һôܣʨۿǴʨǡʨ֮Уһ޵аĵߣҲδǵkĶ֣֣߳˫滨֮У˭ܹϢĽkĨȥkòǷһؾжǵϵ
ĵҲ΢΢ͷ
ʨ۵ȵ֮ûеһʱ˫滨֮ڣΪ˰ȫǡkһζǴԼϳֱӽ˫滨֮ڣڵkǵϳ֮У޵аĵҲδǵkǵĶ֡
ֻ֮ʨһˣôĽҲ˵ͨ棬Ѿʮ߶ϾǵϵͲ⣬ɱĵߡ
һʮʥ֮ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ÿһ߶޵УսӱĿֲڡκһĵʿ磬ضܹɱ٣նɱǿߡʮڹ˵ش
֮һĨǻô˵ʿ֮УѾһγˡǵ˵һ֮ĻеŴǣѾ˫滨ӣҲֻܹƿߵ١
Զ΢΢ͷ
˫滨֮УЩһͿԲ̽Щר鷨ĵߣͨĵһɨҲֻܹԲǧ
֮£ЩҲֻܹ¶˫滨̽Ѳ顣ʮʥǿҲǱ鲼˫滨еŲϽ֣˫˲ء
˫滨֮УҲֻĻеӵƿ鱨
֮Цûв´Ļ֮Ӧû˫滨֮еѾ׵ߡܽ˫滨硣
֮ûĵŪ֮֡ضҪĵߡһҲص֮λԴ취㡣
еߵ붼Ϊ˽㣬ֻнܹԪľ긯ࡣ
ʿ绹ǹ棬ߵԪֻаңȲһ֮΢顣
Ԫһ۶ôǿĵ߶긯࣬һѿݹǡȻЩҲͬĸֲĴһ㣬һֱ֮СһЩ߸Ҳûʲô
ֻЩһĿĵ߲ŻʩչطԼͬһĻţȵٵʱȡһĻᡣ
ǽյ룬ҲǵkǴɡΪ˽㣬ЩԸ⸶κδۡͬһĵߣҲΪ˽׵ߵ໥ɱ
ʿ֮У֮λģҲľڣ̺ǿߵᡣֻҪ΢¶һ˿ƣͻ׺壬˺飬ռ֮λ档
ףʮһ֮ΨһһŮۻõ֮ü΢΢һô죿ѵ֮𣿡
֮һĨâȻǣ֮齨һѾɱʮĵߣӶʮߵıءȥĵֻᱻkƣһһɱֻ֮һɻʳ˫滨֮иϳȥֻ֮ԽԽǿ
߳һᣬ֮ͬĻ
Щ໥ɱ֮Уɻʳ顣Ѿ֣ɻʳս˴ûһֹͣԽԽ࣬ൽ˾
һ˫滨֮վȽŸǿ߾ҪʮǰٱϵĴ۲пܽɻʳ˫滨֮иϳȥ
֮΢΢һЦƾǿɻʳʤҲҪ޴Ĵۡڵ֮Ҫϵĵߣ鱨ߵkǣõk֣һͬɻʳ
ĵԶ¶һ˿˿Ц⣬֮쵼߸ӵ⡣
ȻʮʥаսɻʳܣʨӲȫκһ߼붼ʮʥսս֮һЧ
֮֮£Ȼȫ뾡һа취ǿսȻʮʥ֮ʮ⡣
һâҫһϢʮʥǿߴ֮£ֱ˹ЩߵС
һɫ룬һĹǹ֮һ֮ϣһͷϳ津ǣòӢޱȵӡ
һῡӾǻ֮Ҳһս޵аߵĿֲڡ
ޱȵĸŮڴ֮裬磬ɾ
ǻ֮һĨһ̾ʨۡ𺣴ۡkǶˣĩٹȻΣա֮һ֮ӣ̫Σˣɣ
ʮȫ䣬Ѿǹĵߡ
Щĵ߶콾ܿڵľƣһֵĵѡ˳ع档һֵѡʮʥ֮С
Щһѱʮʥ壬Ϊߵ߹˵׷ɱ֮£Щǻ˫滨֮лúôֻмʮʥӪkһͬɻʳ
Щһʮʥˣʮʥ绢һ·ѹ·ϵĻеͳͳݻ١
Ļе½ûϵɧʮʥĺ󷽡
γһֲֻޱȵĻӣǼ֮еĻеͳͳѹݻ١
еŲȴȻǿֲޱȵʮʥһ·ѹĹ˹

һſ񳲣һɽս֮ǡ컨䡢߲ƳǵߵйɻʳĻеǰ
ɻʳĻеǰ޽еҪʮŻеǳɼڿڣһļޱȡ
֮һ޴ޱȵĻеУһĨ֮ɫɻʳĻأֻҪǾܹɻʳȫ𡣴
񳲡һɽ֮Уսʿֱӷɳһезȥ


1339 ս
һ޴ޱȵĻе֮УҲɳսЩսʿɱ
ЩŵĻ˺͸սʿǶڻңս֮еãֻΪĵǽʡ
ӴޱȵĻеǸսʿɱһ𣬸ҫǧսʿֱĨȥ
ȻʱʱҲս˱ǸսʿΧɱ˫սȫһϡ
֮սһĨâ֮Ȼ£ЩеҲӵ۷壨溣޽ӽǺսܹ죬ǱƴģǻǺĲkǡ
溣ǿڹ֮ҲѾи߲ǿߣǿ֮з
ÿһһ溣ǿ߶ҪķѺԴЩ溣ǿּս֮ȴֻڻһĴڡսȥһһս𣬹߶ֲ֧ס
Ӱצ֮ɭһЦ֮ȷʵǿޱȡǾսʤģɲЩϣǣ
ĵҲ¶һ˿˿Ц⡣
ǹԶָӹ֮֮һ𡣡
֮΢΢һΣһɫĹâƣһ³ΪָӲϷصɫԣͬһޱȵǿħ
ǻе޳֮Уһâ΢΢һһһɫȫףʳɢһɰԵϢӳǾ޳Ϸ档
温ķƽޱȵ֮
Ǿ֮棡
ȻѾ׵ߣ
kµĵˣ
֮սûô򵥡ʿڵȻͰܼҲߵǿ档ǵk⵽ѣܼͣԻߵֵΪ£ֻҪʱ䣬ȫһµߡ
ֻҪն˵kǾܹ

֮ڣһĵĿ⼯ϣ޾ɱ⡣
֮սΪգСҲӵз̵ĻᣬǾǵһߡ
һ·նɱǿߣ㱾־֮ӣҲѾ־֮ӡֻҪĵܹնɱ൱Ϊ´󹦣־ý
֮Ͷɣ̫ˡֻҪʱһ߽棬еŬͳͳΪСˡˡѣͳͳΪܾʹࡣͶü
ֻҪ֮Ͷ棬ߵ£ͿΪʥ֮һԻôȥ㱾ҲԳΪ֮ٻ֮֮ĿҫȰ˵
Ͷ棬֮еضųϡǱضңַҪǣһͶ棬ûпܽ㡣ҲͶ档
֮һĨɭޱȵɱȻˣҾ֪㲻ͶȻˣǾֻܹˣ
һһֲޱȵĵϢ֮ӿһʮϢǹӿϯ񷡣
Щĵ߽ӵ֮ĴѶֱ֮ѡع棬Ȼо߼ʮʥӪ֮С
Ƕʮ֣ʿʱҲΪټʢ߲ûʲôԿǶʮߡ
Ƕʮ֮У޵аĵߡһ֮һǼ֮
ʮߣ֮Ǵֱʣ
Ǹ޳֮ڣһħһħƣȻԵõһڣ΢΢һЦ
ºһ̾ʮߣ֣ҲǵkǵĶ֡
һħ΢Цºʣαģһսȫ֮ʲôˣǵkûеƷ̡Ҳֻܹµkһ֮֮ԼûԼڱľϣҪΪkƴ
ƽ޲û֮ûз̵ĵƣҲֻܹ뿪ʮߣѾܹԸļޡ
֮۶ĬĬͷkǶǵߣΪ̤Ž˫滨磬ֻѣԲΪƴһս
ռ˫滨磬ռ˼ƣҪȫʿͬҪһκܳʱ䡣Ȼһ湥˫滨磬ʿڵ潫ȫ·硣
֮У澲վԭأĿĮɨǶʮһۣ¶һ˿Ц⣺֮лŵk
һɲ֮䣬һеӴ֮໥صӡҫγһޱȵ
صӡҫ㡢ӰӰ֮и֣ͬһĮޱȣ߸ϣ޵еħ
Ŵ߼һ¸֣Ϊ࣬ʮŻеǳ໥
һԷӡһУѹһеƬ֮и֣Ƕʮֱϯȥ
Ƕʮһޱȵ֣жӿһ˿˿ףʩչطһޱȵȥ
һޱȵڵߵĹ֮£׷׶ѿ
Щ֮֮еһ룬Ƭռһ±ӹ̵ȹޱȣҲ޷ʩչռ䷨
ӰӰ˫֮иֳصӡеļȫ㡣
ʮšڡһǧʮšʥڡһ¸֣â΢΢һֲޱȵĹ˺Ѳ񷣬ӰĿֲ֮£õ켣Ƕʮֱ֮Ӻȥ

֮һĨ֮ɫkޱȵķ֣۵kôܣնᱻǡڡС
һɫӡҫһرֱӷɳ֮ǰ
壡
֮㡭
ס֣

һŭޱȵĺ֮Щ߿дصӡҫһرЩߵϷɳػЩߡ
ƬѾЩеȫѹӡȻЩ߾ͨطҲ޷ʩչ
Ƭǻе磬ҲĻе򡣿ǵһħ֮ʮ˸ħħ֮磬ռȹ̣ȥڡδΨһ޷ܣֻܹӲ
һڡʥڡĹһ½ǶʮȫɣЩߵĻرǹĺ֮£һıʧձǹȫɡ
һħһĨ֮ɫǿ֮ĵƣ
һĨâս޵У֣߳ûܹ֮õĻе硣ÿµʡӰʵkԭǿսӴļЭЩڻĹﵽԤЧǲ֪һ㣬ʮ߽壬Ҳᱻڻɡ


1340 
ºг˺£ǿ£ԭ֮Ȼĵƣ
ھʿʳʱºʻйսħڵϳҵ뷨ֻǸ뷨һţûʵСǵkսħڵϳңʱֻҲѾɻҳˡ
ǿԻһеĹâʧ֮Ƭ֮УֻʣߵӰ
֮֮õ֮Ӱצ֮֮֮֮ǹʮʥ壬ǾȻ˲𡣡
濴֮ߣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʱ߶Ѿ˺ۡߴ֮УΨ֮һұۣ֮һʧƽᡣĵߴ󲿷ֵ嶼ֻ֮ʣһͷ­
ºʵһʮ߶һεĹֱ֮䡣һԽһ
۵ǵۣȷʵѾӽȫһĳ̶ȡߣǲ̫Զˡ٣ֹ
༸Ҳ΢΢ͷ

֮һĨâһģһɫֱȥ
һսʧܣ֮һص棬ᱻһȨܵطܱҪõöࡣ
Ҳ΢΢һŸȥ
֮ĸھʱˣ֣ѵkǸܻ첻Ǿȥ
һ֣֮ĸһ֮зɳǰ
ǣ
֮ĸĿ棬΢΢һ
µ壬һɱʮߣҽشֱ졣
һս֮˫滨罫Сʿһ»һսȨ
˵һս֮ǰʿϹֻһʤ㣬һս֮ʿϹ潫ʤ㣬һ˿ϣҲΪʿ˾޴Ĺף
֮ĸ΢΢һΣһ±һͷǳĿֲߣЩɢߴ׷ȥ
һâҫһħ۵ȵҲֱӷɳߴ׷ɱȥ
סkǣ
Բܹõkǹȥ
kһȥΣˣ

һſ񳲡Ľ񳲴ӵֱӷɳ仯Ϊһǿޱȵ񳲾޹֣ŵһħȵ߹ȥ
ЩЩʥʥǵǿ֮£սһαߣ˵߼ĿֲսӲĽһħ۵ʿĵߵס
ʮʥǿһѾƴһеŵһħȵߡһ֮ȵ䣬ôʮʥͻʥĵλ䣬֮ͨϵ塣
ʮʥڹ֮жӵУһkǴʥĵλ䣬kǵĳоͻһӵϣk˺ɷ顣
ϣҹ
һħâһһ±仯Ϊһǳħˣֳһ޴ħݺݵնһͷ񳲾޹ֵϡ
һͷ񳲾޹һ·һ춯صı֮Ҽ类һħһնѣǿ߱һħһ
ͷ񳲾޹ȴȻŵһħȥĹŵһħȫ˵һħĵ·
һͷ񳲾޹ҲֱŵһħĹš
һħĿ䣬ʩչǿޱȵĹɱطһжͷ񳲾޹ֹȥԵk޵аߵʵնɱͷ񳲾޹Ҳֻ⣬Ǿһ䣬ͻùߴߡ
ۡºʡ֮֮ĴҲһ񳲾޹ס
Щ񳲾޹ֲĴߵĶ֣ĴҲóٷְٵЩ񳲾޹սвkҲᱻ񳲾޹ش
֮Уǡʱ֮֡Ȼ֣صӡҫһʱֱӿߴһա
ǹߴߵʱһ֮С
ֻʣһͷ­ֻ֮ʣ°Ĺֻ֮ʣһֻħצӰצܴ֮صĵΧʱݣһİԭķ򵹷ɶء
֮Уõ֮֮ʱŤٶһ±ûȴûʱݵ
֮֮ȫʱӰ졣
һɺڶֱӸ֣֮֮Ӱצ֮һֱӱɺڶС
һɿֲ֮һ±˵ԴֱӳɣҳƮɢ
סȻǶҪǻȥǵñӻҹһ壡
֮һĨâһξӨ׾һڻٵ֫һ˲һɺޱߵĵǴӵk֮
һö׾ǹ֮Դһ飬֮ˣȻ֣߳ҲԽkȻء
ֻ֮֮Ҫһһ죬ǹͻܵҵıӻ
֮΢΢ͷͬһ𲻰ֳ֮ܵһ׵սꪣȥ
֮Ķң
һɿֲޱȵϢ֮д֮ĸ仯ɵĿֲߴŰֱ֮ȥ
֮־ŭ֮ĸ㾹Ȼұ棡ѵ±ߴ𣿡
֮ĸȻһЦ飺壡ֻҪһţܹһ塣kȫˣҲν
֮ʲô˶УеĵΪأһΪԼܶĵȴ˽ԡҡΪء֮ĸǲԼ忴ΪǸǵkԼ壬𣬵kҲһ˿ˡ
֮֮ĸס΢΢һΣһ³ڼ֮ǰһż֮նȥ
֮Уѹ˲ǱˣǼ֮ڼ֮ϣ̺żԼƼĽᾧ
һ߿ƼƿУʵͿٴһء
ڸ֣
֮âһȵ
һƲĺɫֱӸ֣뼲֮ںһһɿֲޱȵϢ˲Ӽ֮ϱ
ƣ
֮âһֳһɫսһն£˺Ѳ񷣬ɫնȥ
¡
һУ֮еĺɫսһ±𿪣˳նڼ֮֮ϣǼֱ֮նء
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǽֱ֮˽ȥ
صӡҫż֮ԴԼkĸּ䡣
֮һ޵аĵߣҪܵkҲûô򵥡ǵkǡڡֱӺ壬Ҳܵشһʮһױһлܡ
֮һҧȡһëһë֮ɢһ˿˿Ϣ
һëһųޱȵӡһƬ𣬽֮У֮ȥһɲ֮䣬֮ԭʧ


1341 
̺һ˿㱾Դëֶ֮Σ֮֮ܵĳ谮
濴ʧԶ֮üͷ΢΢һ塣
һƬëͨȴ̺һ˿㱾Դëǿ֮Ҳ̫࣬ͻ˵ԼıԴ
֮һ޵аĵߣ֮Բkһ̺㱾Դë
ͬһ޵е飬Żõ֮֮ˣõ֮㽵
һͶһõһ彫֮أ֮ͬھɣ
õ֮֮һĨңصӡҫ΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһֻ峤ʮףӡĻ
֮еһ֣ʿ֮нֹΡkһֿĳŻ֮壬ǿޱȡвҲᱻĻԻΪkǵĿ
ֻӡҫһ·Թᴩɫֱӷɳ̺޵аĿֲȥ
Լ棬˫ϧطĻ֮£ܹӳǿսֻ֮£һ
˫һ¸ֳصӡ޵еźͰһȭɫ֮ϣһſǳ֣ɫֱӺ顣
ɫһ飬һޱȵĻ֮ɫ֮ըѿһ͸Ļ֮˿ϯȥ
κһĻ֮˿һʥߣһʥþ֮޷԰ΣΪǻõ֮ķ²
һɺڶֱӸ֣һĻ֮˿ͳͳɡ
ɺڶֱ֮߳ǻõ֮ǰһȭڻõ֮ϣǻõ֮仯ɵĻֱӺƬ
һ˿˿ޱȵҫĻֱӸ֣˿ֱӴĲ֮ڣǻĲͳͳɡ
صӡĻ׵Ļ֮и֣õkøӵǿ
һ˿˿֣Ļױֱ֮Уʧ
ÿһ߶ս־ᶨȱĿֲڡǻõ֮ĻҲӰһߡ
Ļ׽׵֮󣬾һֱڰϢʩչŻ˳ӰЩߵ顣ŴСЩǵõkڹؼʱжϡ
ü߶ĻӰ죬˴ľջֲ
õ֮ɱ֮Щ񳲾޹֡Ľ񳲾޹һ·ɢŸȥ
Щ񳲾޹ֵʹΪڻѣЩӵӡЩ񳲾޹ֵʹѾɣȻ
ǾȻӣ𣿡
һħΧԼ񳲾޹ǿʼӴܣһĨâһЦӡҫһƬֲޱȵԨħ縡֣һ񳲾޹ֱ˽ȥ
һħԨħ֮Уͬһ޵еħ񣬽֮һſ񳲾޹ֱֱն顣
ǿֲޱȵԨħʴ֮£񳲾޹֮еͳͳʴתΪһԨħ
۵ȼҲȫ֣ɱЩ񳲾޹֡
Щ񳲾޹ֶǹᾧ̺ܡҼʻЩ񳲾޹ֵĶǹľӢɱǽǶܹþ޴ĺôЩȻԸ֡
սһһҹ֮ǹԶ㱻ȫ
ɻʳĻеſʼ˫滨֮š
룬ž޴ޱȣȲ֮λľ޴ǳ
ž޴ޱȣȽ֮֮λǳֱǲ硢硢˪硣
ǳĸǣҲ߾ס֮ء
룬һռƽľ޴Ƿ
Ƿһ֮ϣһһͷɫͷ֮һӡӡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һǻ˺۵֮֮ڣӵǰޱȵлر
ǻ֮ŵӾǹ֮һ֮
֮ˣ
Բҹڴҵļ䣬Ŀ
֮΢΢һӡҫһӰӵk֮и֣գγһĻȥһУͳͳ֡
֮ĩ٣Ȼûô򵥡֮Ӧþʿϣ֮һ֪ˣȻû̫Ĵʧ֮ʮʥľȥɽ̰ɣ
ǣ
֮ɫ΢΢һҧ
ɽһޱȵħɽ߽УܵޱȵĿĥ֪֮֮ѾԵkᷢ䣬Уkʮ
һâ΢΢һ֮ԭʧ
֮üͷ΢΢һ建֮ȻѾɳزˡ
֮һᣬһһ˿˿ҫһâ΢΢һһһ޾ֵ֮ĵط
Ƭ޾ֵ֮ؿռ֮УڷŻ
â΢΢һŻ֮УˡһһͷɫĶ̷һɫս£òޱȣ·һ㣬֮ȴд˲ɣһһͷɫĳòף˫֮ҫޱȵɡ
˾֧ߣԼ֮˪
֮һս֮սܡʮʥȫû
һĨɣ֮սȻûôס
֮˪ûʲô⣬֮ضܹ㡣
ԣĬĬͷ
֮սΪգҲᶯһԴԼ֮ڵһߡ
㲻棬Ҳǵһħһħ֮ºĵΪֻԵ㡣
ۻ̫֮ǿˡkʺϽ㡣kǽ㣬ʤ㽫͵ɡ
֮ҲŵȣĵԽҲԽͬ·֮սҲͬ
ԻΪĵĵһ㣬ôȫڵ֮޵УûݵߡŪġԻΪĽ߶߾ͻᴦơ
ĺĵ·еһ㣬֮УҲڼΪֲһС
֮ôҪֲ˭㣿
֮˪Ҳָҵ㱾Դ
㱾ԴһߵԴԴҲֻ㱾Դܹһ߽㡣
ʾǻһС㱾Դܹʿǿн׵ߡʿһ߻㹻㱾Դпܽ㡣
֮˪һھָܾԼ㱾Դ֮ڣһ±ЩΡ
۵һЦ÷ָ㱾Դ֮ǰûгɹһѾϵˡ


1342 ֮Ǽ
֮˪һĨâ˭
΢΢һЦ˵һ֡
֮˪΢΢ͷǵkǵkĻȷʵпܽ㡣
ۻôǾȷˣȫֵ֧k
һۣͷͬ⡣
ʿ硣
֮ϵһħۡºʡ֮֮նɱ˫滨ʮߣȫ߹Զ
һϢһ³ħ֮Уٴνħ
ʮ䣬ôܣ
ǿǵߣʮߣԺһУ
ⲻܣ֮ôǿôڶ̶̵ļ֮ڣɱ˶ĵߣ
ϢһǼٵģ

ħһƬۣųϵ˶Ϊһҥԡ
ÿһ߶һʱ콾ͬ޵еĿֲڡܵ谮֣ЩǰҲһ
ʿ渴֮ǰһ߾Ժɨʿ档
ڣʮҲֱ졣ʿ֮иյĵֻ»ûʮ
ģĸʱȷʵ֮һͬӭսĵߣնɱĵߣ
º¹ħ֮һϢ
¹kˣ
¹ƭˡkȻˡô֮ȷʵߣ޵з緶
֮Ȼһټĵߣҵھʿʳ֮
ֻҪ֮ڣ;Բᱻ̲
֮㲻࣡
º㲻࣡

ħ֮һƬڣʿ˷ܲѣһлڸ߸裬ʢޱȵĽա
ºͬ˷ܣҹף
ʿҲͬڸ߸裬˷ܡһʮߣҲζŹʱ֮޷ٴʿ緢ģĽܹһζݵĺƽʱ䡣
֮λһޱȵؾ룬һصˮףˮ֮ڣһھͷǡ
Ǻھͷǵ֮кȻֳޱȵĻ棬һޱȵƬ֮лص֮Ȼ׵ߣնɱʮߣԽԽˡ
֮λǳ޾ĺףȻ΢΢һֱӷֿһƾޱȵĹһ³֣һޱȵ̾Ϣ֮Ƭ򻺻ϧϧһһҪվʱ֮ҪѰٱ
ȷħ鱨׼ȷ֮һޱȵĹŵضһ˿˿̾Ϣ֮
ʱѾָʱĵ߸յĳ̶ȣЩϵĵǶֳܹһ˿֪硣
ʮ䣬ϵĵ߶΢΢һ
ʱ֮⣬ʱʱҲֻоʮ䣬ʱҲΪϡ١ҲֻٵʱŻ˶ĵ䡣
սħ֦մ½һ޴ĵʵ֮ڡ
ǵߣǸУ
ǰһС磬һС֮ڣҫĵر
һСǱɱǵĴС硣նɱЩ֮󣬵kǵĴСС
޴ޱȵĵʵ֮УŶദ߼ء
Ŷദ߼ؾӰ߼أǶʮȻӰشǵkҲǶʮԼЩ񳲾޹ֵķشʱ׷һͬ׷Щĵߡ
Щٴν
һֱָһûദ߼档
ദ߼һ½Ǹĵرɣӡҫø財
߼Щĵر֮Ѹٵ޸ѸٵĻָ
΢΢һ̾ϧնɱôߣҪһȻǧѡ
ƣӵн׵ǱģҲֻѩšʯ⡢ټȡӣļˡ
ѩšʯѾǰۼǿߣֻһ֮ңһ֮ңǵԽ
ӹһĨЦ⣺һΣҵջҲʮ־޴֮
ʱţʮʱת˲š
սħ֦մ½ʵ֮ڡ
һֱһǧ߼֮С߼ص࣬һޱȵӡڻۡ
ָһţһһ֮껯ޱȵĻһûޱȵӡ֮ڡ
һ߼صӡǾޱȵĵ߻һ֮գ۳͡
濴߼أһĨϧ֮ɫֻܹ֮꣬ǱӰ·𡣱㻹ǲࡣ
һʮ֮꣬Щ㡣Ӱֱ֮꣬ѾЩԳ˵ĸоǵk֮ǱĲࡣ
ϾʹĦʯʯƶɵ֮ӵнǱӰȻҲ涯øĵرƶɵ֮ȻǱѷɫࡣ
һ߼ֱӴ򿪣߼룬˯һһͷɫ̷ӨףӢϢľŮ
Ůһ˫ۣ˫ųɣӡҫһ¸һɫսף߼ص΢΢һԾǰϥ£
濴Ů΢΢һЦӽͽǼ
Ǽǣ
Ǽãı£
Ϣ֮䣬ӰʹһƬӰ֮и֣ЦĿǼ
һʱ΢΢һǳϣ·һ޵ŮʵδƽĿǼ
ǣӰ㣡
Ǽһƽ߼һſӰ߼໥γһС硣
Сˣ
ӰȻһЦеġӰìһޱȵӡһɲ֮䣬ŸӰϢ겨һģһӰȻ֣ӾŸǼȥ
Ѿﵽ˼ľ磡ȻҶֱ治٣
˫۸ֳصӡӰӿȥһĨ֮̾ɫͫȻ޷һӰ
㽾ĵ
ӰľŸӰӣǼһƽйâ΢΢һһ桾ǶܡȻ֣貵ǹҫʮǳǡǶܡ֮ϸ֣γһ޴ޱȵǳ硣
ӰľŸǳȥһֲޱȵ˷ɢȥ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȻӰܹӳȵkӰ˲޵аˡ
Ӱĵر֮ʮ֮䣬ٴν޵а֮սһ޵аһ˾ͿԲɱһͨĵߣͬʱսͨĵҲ˿塣
֮һ˿â΢΢ҲԶˣ


1343 ħ֮
΢΢һЦ佱Ȼǿģ
¶һ⽾Цݣٶ˵
ӰԦӰӣӰ֮ɴ󣬴ַ˼ĽǶǼȥ
ǼֻſǳֵӰĹ
ˣû˼ڹǣֻıӲܹ˺飡̫ķˣȥʮʮҹѷʤ
Ӱ¶ʲôǼûнֻǾſ硣ӰʮֲͷֱӴս֮ߡ
ϣһҪŪһĦʯȻЩöϣҵģ
Ӱ΢΢һΣߣֱ
Ǽ֮һų貵ɣͬһֻɰ˴Сһ㣬ϣĦʯҲҪ
Ħʯһʯ̺صġס֮жӵĦʯŻǿӵнΪǱ
ӰǼȻ֮ĵر֮ս޵аĵߣҪٽһȴǧѣûһ˿ܡ
ӰǼҪ㣬ҪôĦʯҪôһָӿֲĵرûнϣ
ЩͷۿЦãҽлᣬһŪĦʯ
ӰǼȻĴȫԶĵġkҲбǿΪkǵĴȻҲᾡkǵ
Ǽ֮㿪ʼ棬һյ֮УѰҽ
ʿ翪ʼѸٵĸգһԶʱʥıءߵıط׷׳ַϳ֡
˼ַ֮УջСЩջȴûñϵĽ
˫滨类ɻʳռ֮󣬱澭ӪˮйͨеһԴһħƽ֡
Ļеɱ˫滨磬˹棬ǿɱΡ
Сʤ֮Ļеžֹͣ˶ԹĽΪǺ塣ĻеսʤڻҶٴΣֻҪ֣ܹ߳һѹתս֡
ʱţת˲š
ʿ磬һƬ޾غĺףͻȻ䣬Ǻ׵һڣ󺣿ѣһħǹɵľ޴ɽӺֱӸ֡
һħǹɵľ޴ɽһ¿ѣۼħ̧һǶʮ̫Ļƽһɽ֮߳
ǻƽ֮һɢŰӢǷͬħ֮֮ʵӣһħӡСӡڵkǰ
һһ˫ۣ˫֮ħӰӣһ𿰱ȵߵħӰڵk˫֮ҫ
Բ֮ڣֲޱȵԪ۶γһֲޱȵйעӵϡ
һ˿˿ҫһõСӡ˷۶׷ûһħӡСӡ֮ڡ
ô£ҵħӡô˶ˣ
ǿҺķǧʱƶɵħӡôᱻ˶ߣ
˭Ȼܹҵħӡ

ʿ֮УЩˡħ񱦵䡿ʿɫ䣬ޱȵķԼķԴƶɵħӡȻʧԼҲħӡһء
ǵkħ֮
kˣ
ħ֮ʿʵۣҲ֮ǿĵ֮һ
kˡضҪ֮ĿȨ
һɽݶkȻˣкϷˣ

ʿ֮УһֲޱȵĴĿһͬħ֮Ͽȥг
޾֮ͬħ֮ʳʿʵħ֮kҲǹ֮ǿ޵а
˴ʿʵ֮У󲿷ֵʿʵȻͬ޵еľ콾йʮѲĴСǳ֮ڽ׵֮ǰǱѹƵʮܡ̤֮Ѫʿ֮·ǰһ
Ψħ֮һͺɨͬ콾һ·ѹκͬǿ߶kֱɱ޵е̬̤֮k̤֮ͬһ·޵Уɱߡ
˴ʿʵ֮Уħ֮ɱĿֲڡ˵֮Զʱڵ޵аڵkС
ħ֮վԭأԶ˾ͬһ޴ĺڶԴԴϵ
һҫھħ֮ʮ֮⣬һһħƶɵɽֱӸ֡
ӭ
ʮʥߡʮĴʥۼʿ֮£ɵħ֮ǰֱӹż֮ɫ
ħ֮ʥ
ʥǣ
ħ֮ȥϢ֮ʮ֮Ҫ֮һսҰˣħʳһͳͳ
ʥɫ䣬ʧеɣ֮һ׵ߣɱ˵һħ֮ʣԶkɱˣ򲻿֮kһս
ħ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬ŷʥһۣɭޱȵΪһ䣿
ʥСض޵עҪ㣡ȥսһսΣ
ħ֮ޱȵĹâҴӵʿʳ˯񣬾Ϊ˻ýֻҪն֮ҽļʾͻɡұ֮նˣkĻҲɡҲʤǰܣ嶼޺
ʥС֣֮޵СҲ߳ɵİա
ħ֮֮Һһɽݶһָ֮ǲܵ顣ҵ׵֮󣬾ʮźûܹʱ֣ܹ֣֮֮֮Ҳһ顣ȥɣ
ǣ
ʥһ̾һԶȥ
һޱȵؾ֮ڣһ˫ۣһöɫӣħ֮ȻһİԵȻûֵĿܣãҾʹӦ㣬ʮ֮һս
һɫĹâ֮и֣û֮Уڤڤ֮£ħ֮ڡ
ħ֮Լս֮ʮ֮󣬵ʿʵھʿʵ֮оһս
һϢһħ֮г֣ħֱ
ħ֮Ȼˣ
ħ֮ΪʲôҪ֮һսkǶ֣˭Ķ֣
ΪʲôҪһսҪָ£ս֮д衣
Ȼһɽܹݶkֻܹһ̫ϧˣ

ЩʿǶ۷׷ףħ̳һƬڡ


1344 ħ֮
ʿһƬŵɳĮ֮УһɳӴɳĮ֮зɳӡҫ仯Ϊһ߲ʹâףǳĻ䡣
ǻ룬߲ҫһ׵ĹֱӸ֣һףʳ˫֮Ŷǹһ֮ϣһعӡڵkΧ
һǳĻһ֣һɽԶǻ·
ɽ֮һ·ɳһۡʥԼʮʥߡ
ӭ
ЩʥǶ΢΢ޱȵһж˷֮ɫ
ʥ߼һҲֻҪֻʥūͣҪԵ߹ݡħ֮أʥ߹ݡħ֮⣬ֻп֮ʥ߹ݡ
ףʮ˾ʿʵħ֮kҲһ޵аĵߡ˴ʿʵ֮Уųرһ
ħʳرйǵۼرԶԶκһʿʳ֮ϡ
ħ֮ȻҪ֮һսͷۡkԸ紫˵ǰ߰һκһ֮лøǿҲ֮
ħ֮˫֮ޱȵӡħɨһۣĵ
ħ֮²ʵˣϵ֮űʥʲô취
űʥħʳһۼǿߣҲħ֮Ĳ¡kҲһĴʦ˾żرÿһǿޱȣżرһһĵۼر
űʥƾǾżԼƵرսߴʥ֮ϡ
űʥԵȡ
Ƭ̣һҫһȾ޴ޱȵĴƬ֮и֣Ǵ֮дħ֮
ħ֮һЦֱ̤ȴ֮ڡ
һâ΢΢ħ֮ͳһƬĹ֮ڣǹһŻ֮һˣ档
һ֣һ貵Ĺâ΢΢һ֮иֳһžĻλƽ
ħ֮ʿʳʿʵۣд󹦣Ĵ桢˵ֵء
ֻҪħ֮ΪУԸЩʿʵۡ
ħ֮ҲŻ֮ϡ
΢΢һЦħ֮кιɣ
ħ֮˫һųޱȵ˷ЦȻΪȻܹƳһߣ̫˲ˡһǰΪ
ĬĬȻ紫˵ԣħ֮һĿȰߡ
˴ʿʵ֮Уʱ֮һΪԸһеΰӢ֮ۡΪŬҡħ֮һ߰ޱȵ޵š֮һ֡ǳ֮ΪѴһԤԼҡħ֮һĿȰߡ
˵֮ħ֮֮λĿΪ˻øϡҲֻгΪʿʵۣ棬kܹ㹻ϡо
ħ֮ûдʿʳռ˶ϣƳǿޱȵĵۼر
һʿʵһժȷʵʮɣǵkһһѰңЧʸһʳȡ
Ǹҵĺܣ㽻ʮֱǸ
ħ֮һڴҲԡǿܹƳߵȷʵޱȡɣҿ԰յȫ̸㡣ѧ֮ҿԷľԲ̸ڶˣҾȲԸ㡣յ⴫ڸˣΣ
ʮֹϵľܾǸУ֮λ־ڱصáħ֮Ҳҵľ֮һҲܽڸ㣬Լֵʵǽҽ㣬ǿԽڸ㡣
˴ʿʵ֮Уħ֮رškпƳ֮
ħ֮õֻ绢øӵĿֲǿ
ħ֮һϵ֮λɣҷ֮λҿҵΪ񡣵ȻҲмһʮֻħ֮һսšڶԶ塣ǽ֮ĻŪα״̬ҡ
һĨâʮֹϵӦã
ħ֮һߣҲͬһһԾŶĵߡʷ֮ϣkΪһ֮⣬ûʲô̫ĶҲͬһԵ˺ˡ
αߺķһ㱾Դӳһϣߵӳٱ
֮⣬һֻܹꡣһӳα״̬һԪͿԸߴＸꡣһһ䣬kӳΪα״̬ĵҲ䡣
Ȼκһ߶׵Ϊ߼ӳα״̬ΪǻЩһ˿߱Դ
Щħ֮ʱѣΪ֮λô˹Ϸ
֮λеߵ롣ʩչط޵һٹ⣬Ϊ˽㡣kǸ
ħ֮˫һųޱȵɣ㣬ʵ̫ѡȷʵ뷨ħ֮󣬾ʲô뷨ûˡҰҲ塣Ȼħ֮ô֮λˡֻоļģ
΢΢һЦָһһöˮֱӷħ֮С
ˣ
ħ֮һ³֮У޷԰Σ޵
ħ֮ĵˣ֮⡣֮Ҳ⼸ѡֻҪӦ֮󣬰kkӡkоųɵĻΪЧ
üͷ΢΢һkӣkѾ飬ɢʱֹôãô
֮ӵ֮󣬻ɢҲʧ
֮Ӹոһ֮ڣĿǰʵȫʩչ취ֱ֮Ӹ
ȥ֮ӵ겻֪Ѿ淨תΪʲôҪʮѡ֮׵֮Ͷ취ԼӸ
ħ֮Ц֮󣬲Ļ궼ڤӣڤϴĻȻתΪǻꡣڤһֳֻҪ֮еһkӵƬټԼǵȫӲĽkӵ˵⡣
üͷ΢΢һ建ڤ


1345 ʮ
ʿʵλʿĿֲڣ֮лûмյܹвkǵ
ʿ֮Уֻڤ֮еڤӲܹвʿʵۼǿߡ
ڤʿľ֣ûӦ֮£󲿷ǻ֮궼ڤӣڤӷֽ⣬Ϊڤӵһ֡
֮󣬵kǵûбߣҲûڤ֮УΪڤӵһ֡
κһ߶ʩչ취ȡһЩڤ֮ˮʵ飬ȴûһ߿ƿڤӡ
ڤӵ֧ᴩλ棬λγڤ硣
ڤǿ˵練ơҪڤȴʮΣաвһҲᱻڤʴɰ׳գûڤ֮ڡ
ħֱ֮Ӹһۣǽڤô򵥣֮͸Լˣ㣿
Цȷʵ
֮Ϊ˸Լӣ塣ĵ·֮ϣǿٰ֪ٱkڤ硢ڤӵоҲԶԶ֮ϡ
ħ֮ҵսʤħ֮֮Ҳύ㡣ǵƴǡ
ĺˣһһͬʡ
ħʳ֮Щ׷ħ֮ǿţkǼɻʳɻʳøӵǿ
ȥоˣû±ң
ħ֮΢΢һΣֱӻһԭʧ
֮λľӴδ½һϵĳǱ
ǳǱ֮Уһھһʢᡣ
һ˿˿ҫ֮߳ǳǱ֮С
֮еȴ·ûпһ㣬Ȼھᡣ
ߵһŹϵıڻ֮ǰ΢΢һЦ֮ҲӦˡ
һŹϵıڻ΢΢һһɫĹײĴǱڻ֮зɳǺɫĹײֱӴ򿪣ǻһŨ֮е֮ӹײ֮л˳Ŀ档
֮Į֮ʲô£
΢΢һЦǰϣ֮һ֮ҽ㡣ҿԷģһҽ㣬ͻǰڤѰӡ
֮Լ㣬ҵӲã
̹̹ĻСʱҴѳɣ涼ҵˡҵµħ֮ҲΪҵѣң
ʱ洴ĵھʿʳѾȹ̣鲼棬ѹ崭ӸԴԴϵĳУÿһʵϵǿ
ھʿʳۣѾϳԽǰ˴ʿʳ
֮ĬһŻܹʤħ̸֮
΢Цã
â΢΢һ֮ûǺɫĹŹ֮ڣһʧ
ʮʱת˲š
⣬һҫһһֲޱȵĴڣٵ˴˵ء
һɫĹâ΢΢һºʱƬ֮УkӴޱȵΧ΢΢һɨ֮һĨ⣬˫һ˺˺գ̤һƬڤڤĿռ֮ڡ
һƬڤڤĿռ֮Уǿ֮֮
˵֮Уºʡֽ֮֮һССˣԼ֮һħ桢۷ͥ࿹
ºʣֱǿˣ
֮˫֮ӡҫºĿһۣһĨâ
ºȻһЦ˫滨֮УԴԵõĵرǶõ˼ĺôĺôǱ˵õˡ
֮֮һ³ĬĹâ
˫滨Ȼų干ʵȴɻʳһҶ󡣿֮ȷʵ˲ޱȵĵرɸĵرȴռݡ
Զһξսɻʳһ֮˹Զɻʳռ˫滨磬ĵҲֻܹĬʵ
֮kڲ֪жôǿˣ
һս֮Ǿͻ֪kжôǿˡôĵ߻۴˵أΪ˼֤⾪һս
ºĿտȥ˫һ¸ֳޱȵӡȻk˺ͫͫȻֻܹԼԼģģĵ߽Χ
֮ˣ
һ̫Զ֣ԽԽ
ۼħ̧һŻƽߴǻƽ֮ϣǶʮ̫ÿһ̫ҫޱȵ̫ԡ
κ»ʿµĴֱӻƽ֮ϵħ֮ᱻֱϹ˫ۣܴ
ħ֮
ʿʵۣǿʿʵ֮һ
ǲرħ֮ǿʿʵۣ

һĿ˷ħ֮ϣ˼ɵ͡ηิӵĸ顣
ر棬ʱ֮ԡʱ֮֡޵طʱ޵Уɱߡ༸ʿʵҲԼ·رѹߣ޵¡
˴ʿʵ֮УΨħ֮һȻҲƳ˵ۼرѹĵ߶Լʵر
ħ֮Ҳǹûرôkǿʿʵۡ
֮Уһ˿˿ҫһֱǧľ޴սֱӷɳǾ޴սĶװ֮һˣ档
֮ھʿʵۣɻʳǿʿʳ
֮ϣĹ
һɽݶɫ콾ȻҪɱ
֮ʵ̫ǿˡkǱħ֮նˣǾ̫ˡ
õĽǵkܾˡ

һĿһ¼ϣЩǶϣ֮ڡ
Ŀħ֮һۻħ֮֮ԩ޳𣬺αҪֳֻ֣
֮һ޵УֻԸһԸǽ㣬ڶԸǿĵһս˭ǿʱ֮Ѿ䣬֮ڻڡһսͿԸҾҪϻˣɣֻҪܹɱңܹӽĻᣡ
ħ֮һۣһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһû֮ڡ
սˣ
΢΢һΣһ⣬һû֮ڡ
˫ǩԼ֮֮Уӡҫ
֮ɲҪ̫ʧ
ħ֮оâһûзϻһ㣬еġħӡ֮صӡҫһɫǡħӡ֮зɳɢſֲޱȵ
ڰ֮նɱһ߼ĺɫɲҪkˣ
ħ֮һָһɫצȥ


1346 սħ֮
Ǳħ֮ѹħ񣡣
ħ֮ġħӡ¾ףκαkɱǿ߶ᱻ롾ħӡ֮ڣתΪħܵkԦ
ǿ£ֻҪkɱǿߣȻȥȻҪkߡŴʿʵ۾ûһ򵥵Ľɫ

һһɫжһĨ֮ɫ
Ŵʿʵ֮Уÿһʿʵ۶ӵпֲޱȵ޵طʱ֮ʱħ֮ӵСħӡ
καħ֮ɱĵߣᱻӡ롾ħӡ֮ڣΪħ֮Ԧħ񡣶ֻҪħ񱦵䡿۳ħӡkǵġħӡһħ֮ġħӡջأkǡħӡͻữħ֮ħӡ
˴ʿʵ֮УҲֻпܹ֮ɱ֮ĵɡŵĿܡԦߡħֲ֮һ
ͷɫ˫â֮һצ̽ͬʳۣӡռ䣬ѹһУץȥ
ʿֲĳ֮һ̽צ˱ܣûжܹס̽צһץ
ͷɫһצץʱһӰӴɳеսìͬһӰһͷɫֱӴȥ
һɲ֮䣬һӰìʹŹᴩһеĿֲܣǺɫצᴩɫƬѪ񷡣
Ӱʣǿôôǿ󣿡
޵аӰʾȻҲ޵аĵߡôôǿ󣿡
Ӱʣ֮ǿ˫֮һkôôǿ󣿡

ЩΧ۵ĵǼһĻһ
һɫһʵĵ߼ǡħӡ֮£kñǰҪֲֲȻӰһˣֻܹ˵ӰսѾ޵а
ºҧһ̾˫滨Դk˫ˣ
֮Ц֮ΪʲôҪھʿʳռ˫滨磿ȻΪ˻øԴøǿӰѾǿǸǿʲ֪ǿʲôز
֮һ̾޵аһ
洴ھʿʳ֮󣬱ռ֣Դ󲿷ֶƿС
˫滨֮ޱȵԴУټϹӰǿ
˲֮Ȼ
ħ֮۾΢΢һ̾һ䣬һ㣬ӡǡħӡ֮ҫ
һͷɫķˡһͷɫĻ롢һͷɢϢİ׻ǡħӡ֮и֣Ӱɱһ
һӰҫӰһսһţȻȻռϷ磬ȴ޷ɱκһͷħ
֮µʳɣ
ħ֮һЦǡħӡһָǡħӡһųޱȵĹâ
һһֻҫ貽Ľһħ֮ʡһٱ۾ֱӸ֣ɢſֲޱȵĵǣֱӹȥ
ħ֮
Ȼ԰߼ħ񣡣ǿ£
ʿʳʿʵۣ
һ·ѹ޵еħ֮Ҹʱ֮֮аĺˣ

Χ۵һĨ֮ɫħ֮͵˰߳սսֱ졣޵аĵǰ߲Ҳ
ħ֮ħ񱦵䣬Ҳʿ֮ǿĵ֮߱һ
һ˿˿ռҫֱӳǰɢ޾Ľ
һеġ֮ޡһֲޱȵıӰᴩ񷣬ֳһſǳӰһһͷ֮ϡ
һͷһ±һӳѣǡ֮ޡһֱ֮ڡ
һޱȵӡҫǡ֮ޡҲڷǽ
һѹ˽ҫصӡͬһ޵еħһ㣬̤նУӶ˫ȭħ֮ʡٱ۾˺ȥ
¡¡¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһӭսߣǽ߼ħһıѣѪ񷡣
Ǿʣ̫ǿˣ
ʣ̫ˣkҲΪ޵аĵߣֲ̫ˣ
һ˶սĴߣȻɱһ𣬻𣡣ǿ£
һ˶Խһʳ
֮ռ˫滨õĺô̫ˣ
ħ֮֮ǹ

Щǿ˿ֲһĨ֮ɫߵʵҲħ֮ųĵħ൱kϣ֮ھͻᱻܡᱻɱ
˲ʣ֮˲㲻ֵҶȫǿУ
ħ֮֮ɫǡħӡһָһâû롾ħӡ֮ڡ
ǡħӡһųޱȵĹâһ޵аֲϢİͷһ´ǡħӡ֮зɳ֮ײޱȵĹâֱ
ħ֮΢΢һЦǴʱʹİͷۣӵаһ֮λҵҲǺòײŽkնɱеkڣҲ޷֮ľս
ǰͷâ˸ͷֱźڰ硢ˮ硢ءְֱӺȥ
ǿǰͷԼΧ֮£Ҳ·硣
ͷۣһʱĵ߾Ȼħ֮ѹˡ
ħ֮ǿ£
ħ֮֮ǿޱȵ˽ܡϧħ֮ӽңһɽݶȻkǶ֣һѡ

Щǿ֮еļս񼤵һĨɵ֮ɫħ֮棬չֳʵԶԶ˵kǵ
Щʩչطĵ߶޵һʱľǿߣǿһսkǶԼԶԶħ֮Ķ֡
Ѿûܹ֮սˣ֮սɣ
ħ֮һ¸ֳصӡһħͼĵս׳ڵkϡkͬһ޵еħһ㣬һ̤ǰʩչطһȭȥ
һһӰħ֣֮һӰ϶Ϊһûħ֮ڣõkһ˲ӵ˾ͷ
һֲޱȵХħ֮ȭͷ֮ӿһֲޱȵȥ
ħ֮һȭԽһ޵а̽צһ
֮ӳҪֲ֮Ҳֻн֮ħܹ֮쵽
ãǾս
иֳһ˿˿ȵս⣬һȭӿһſǳ֣񷣬һħ֮ȭͷ֮ϡ


1347 ħ֮
ħ֮֮ǿһӴĵصŤʱգһֲޱȵĿն
ֲޱȵħֱ֮ɳ֮⡣
൱
֮ǿ£Ȼܹħ֮ƴ֮
ħ֮ǹ֮Ƚ֮Ŀֲڣ֮Ȼܹkƴ֮ǿ£
֮ɳʵ̫ˣ
ʿʵһʳʵͻͽˣ֮ĽҲ̫ˣ

ս֮⣬ЩΧ۵ĵһĨ֮ɫʵĽٶԶԶ˵kǵ
¡¡¡
ս֮УӰֲޱȵıը֮ڶ
ħ֮ȺĹɱ·Ϊһ޵а䣬ѹһеˡ
˴ʿʵ۸Ǿ콾ħ֮ط츳֮ϣҲԶԶԽۡκǿޱȵkܹգֲޱȡ
ͬʩչǿޱȵĹɱħ֮ɱ߶˼ޣ壬ħ֮Ĺͳͳ顣
ս֮Уһſǳըѡ֮гһϵĿֲڶ
һֲޱȵ籩ս֮йţЩ籩ɱʥߡ
ǿ޵аĵߣ
֮ڣԿԽһƬŵǿա
ﶼӵ֮ˣıԴʵ̫谮ˣ

ս֮⣬Щǿħ֮棬֮ɫٵжʡ
ʹ죡Դն˰ͷ֮Ҿͺþûôʹһսˣ֮֮λֻһһύѣ
һâ΢΢һħ֮һȭ֮󣬺һЦޱȵ⣬졣
ϧһ̾ϧ
ħ֮沢޳Թʿڵֻܹһߡħ֮涼֮֮λĽ㣬˭ð벽
֪֮Ѿʱ֮ʱķħ磡
ħ֮кâһָһţħӡһųޱȵӡ
ߡʮۡһʥһǧʮʥ߷׷״ǡħӡ֮зɳ
ħӡ֮оȻôǿߣ
ħ֮ɥĲ񣬵Ȼɱôǿߣ
ֲħ֮һʧħʳֱӱȻôǿڵkС
ʮߣħ֮꾹ȻնɱʮߡײУ
ֲħ֮֮֮оһսǿ£

֮ĵǼһĻж΢΢һ
Щӡħӡ֮߳ħĬģһų貵Ĺâûǡħӡ֮ڡ
ǡħӡ⻪貣һų޾ħ֮ΧĻһ¸ı䣬һ޾ħ֮ħ硣
ҵħ磡֮УȥڡδͳͳΨһʱ֮һսֳħ磬ҵǶ֮λ֮󣬲ſطħ֮ҲŸ˵ǿʿʵۣʱ֮Ҳ԰ܵk
ħ֮гǰһħ֮˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӺȥ
ʱ֮֡Ȼ֣ӡҫһʱⳤӴǡʱ֮֡ӿϡ
Ȼ޷ʹʱħ֮ǿʿʵ֮һk֮еţ֮еĹ
һĨâһУꪡֱӸ֣һ˺Ѳ񷣬һţѹһУħ֮նȥ
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һ춯صľ֮Уһֱӱħ֮һȭ飬ֲޱȵһֱ
һ˿˿ѪĿ񷣬ޱȵı⡣
ǿħ磬ǿħ֮
һħ֮ڣħ֮һϵսƥС
ȥħΨһǲk֮ս˿ɵУ

֮ĵǼһĻɫ䡣
ħ֮Ѿǿᵽ˼㣬ھȻǿһֱ޵СڳûмǵkĶ֡
ħ֮ǿ޾Ԩһ԰ܵk
֮еĵһħĿҫĶս֮ϵħ֮üͷ΢΢һ建
Ķħ֮һĨɵ֮ɫĩ٣ЩԽԽˡ
֮óȫһսֻ㱾£ǾΪҵĽ̤ʯɣ
ħ֮Ԧħ֮еħ֮ͬһ޵еħѹһУʩչħ񱦵֮мŵֹɱط̺ŰԵޱȵɱ湥ȥ
ħ֮Ϊҽ̤ʯɣ
˫һųصӡǡסâҫһģӰֱӸ֣ںһ
һɺޱߵĿֲϢ֮һһۼرӰ֡
һУһս֮һ¸֣һħֱ֮նȥ
һɲ֮䣬һһۼرӰתʵſֲޱȵĵħֱ֮Ӻȥ
飡
ħ֮âħ֮еĿֲħ֮ӳֳּһӰ˫ȭһħ֮⣬ѹһУһһۼر顣
ھżۼرħ֮һ˲䣬һֻɫĶֱӴħ֮ĸᴩħ֮ĸ
һֻ׵ĵۼر׶Ȼ֣һ⣬ʮֹĳûħ֮ؿڣħֱ֮ӹᴩ
һֲޱȵâնħ֮ϣħ֮һΪնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣ħ֮ϯȥ
˲֮ʵȷʵԶԶ֮ϣܸ㣬ķڷȫɣħʳ͹ˣǵƴҵĲ£
ħ֮Цһûɺڶ֮ڣӡҫӴޱȵԴһûɺڶ֮ڡ
һ֮䣬ħ֮ɺڶֱ֮ӻɻңԴûڡ
֮еġħӡҲֱӻһ⣬ûС
ЩӰɱĵǶһ¾ֹȻ׷׹ǰ
濴ħ֮ʧĵطһĨ֮ɫħ֮Ӣۡ
ħ֮Ȼ߰ԵȷʵһӢ֮Ҳûκˮֱ˶ϣҽһŲ档
ǡħӡУ൱ʮԼЩۡʥħͳͳƿ֮Уǿĵ̡
֮⣬ħ֮Ҳ౦ص鱨ǡħӡ֮ڣٴδһʡ


1348 ޵
ħ֮쵰Ϊʲôȼյ߱Դ֮ͬھ
ɶ֮ѾǿˡֶħʳŲֻøǿ󣡣
ħ֮Ϊʲô֮ͬھ

ЩΧ۵ĵǼһĻһĨϧ֮ɫ
Щ˵ħ֮ͬھǲ顣һkǲп㡣
ڹǿߵֻ֣Ҫ߲֡ʿĵ߾Ϳ֧ȥʿǳ顢𣬶Щ˵ҲȲԼҪ
ĴŴ򿪣Ǿ֮л߳տȥ
Ŀ֮֮ŵǿǷ׷ʩչطΣû˸֡
ٵ߱ħܾ֮˵ʱ֣һɱʿʵۡǴʱȴûһ˸֡
ºһ̾һս֮Ѿ޵£
֮һĨ֮ɫħ֮ȫʢ״̬֮Уս֮ȷʵѾ޵¡
Щܹʩչط˯ĵ߶޵һʱĿֲڣʵǿףһεѪܹնɱһʥһָֻܹѹһǳ
ÿһ߶ޱȣһս֮󣬵kǶòϣȷʵѾ޵
֮޵ΣֻҪ㣬Ƕлᡣ
ºʡ֮Զ΢΢ͷ
ôǿȻߡֻҪ㣬ЩǾȻлᡣ
һƬɫĿҶ֮зɳɢһɹޱȵ֮С
һƬɫĿҶһУһ˿˿ޱȵ֮ӿųһ貵ɫâתôޱȣɢһľ㡣
ɨһƬҶһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢һΣʧ
ħ֮֮ħ֮ʮħΧ֮Ȼ֮С
ħ֮УһϢȻ
ʮߣħ֮ʿʵۣȻǿᣬȻܹԦʮħ񡣡
ħ֮֮ʿʵۣΪʲôҪɱǶ֣޵С
֣̫ˣħ֮֮ǲԸ£ΨҶԸô֣
Σ֮Ȼʤˡ棬˭ǵkĶ֣
һս֮֮޵¡Ҳû˸壡

ħ֮ϣʿ֮еǿǶ۷׷סеʿʧΪħ֮ϧʿ˷ܲѡ
һս֮ħʳħʳʳʳʿļɻʳ֮ڡ
ɻʳõʳ徫Ӣ֮ٴαʳʿҲó˸ޱȵط
ɻʳҲ֮вϵӡ
ʱţʮת˲š
ʿһ˿˿ҫһ˿̺޾ص֩볲Ѩһ¸֣һɿֲ׵Ϣ֩볲Ѩ֮˷
ĸkˣ
ǻĸkȫˣ

Ƭ֮ʥһӦһ˿εİԵϢɫһ䡣
ĸ濪ٵ֮ʱĵһ飬սֲף˵֮Уkҧ˹ߡkʿʷǿĵ֮һ
ĸһ֩һǿͬʥһ֩볲Ѩȥ
һ֮ͨУȻâҫһըѿ֮ƣһ޴ޱȵɽֱӸ֣һͷɢ޵аϢĿֲɽ֮ϣ˷ɢ
ʮλ֮е֮λ棬΢΢һڵѪ֮һ·ڣ˽
ô£
׷ʲô£
ǵѪȻõ˽øǿˣ

֮λ֮Уǿ߶һ˷֮ɫkܹоڵѪڣõkǱøӵǿ
֮λɽ֮ڣһ˫ۣѪ΢΢ķڣһĨ֮ɫkȻˣ
ʿ濪ٵʱ򣬵˵һ顣ǵһ֮Уkһȣһ޵аĿֲ
ǵһֲ֮ǿߣ֣ưԹһʱ
ߵ֮󣬵һڶնɱ֪١ͷԪľֱ˭Ҳû뵽ǵȻһʱѡ
һͷѪޱȵ޵аĵߡǵkͻᱻ׻ܡ
һŷ֮Уӡҫֱըѿһһ̫ɵĹȻ֣ųޱȵĹâǹһӣڵkſֲޱ̫֮˷
һ̫ɵĹһֵһ˲䣬ʿսڡڡ̫ѻܹԦ̫׵ĳ΢΢һѪڡ
ֻ̫֮һ֮ң̫̫֮֮ԴͷkҲˣ
һͷŻӡɢϢĵɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѫķڻ
֮һƬͨͨʯ棬һʯȻų貵ޱȹâһʥƶɣаɭɭĹȻ֣
һͷϳֻ۾ֻ۾գͷϳһֻа֮ǣΪǹһ֮ϡ
ǼΪаһЦڵа֮ˣӽаһӣǾͳͳȥ
аλ棬а֮ʮֹĴһаڷɳ֮в𵴡
а֮棡аԴͷ
kôܻţkʱĵߣ
kôţ

аλʱһƬ֮С
а֮ǿƣȫʢ֮ʱȹһЩа֮Ѿѣаа֮Ҳɫ䡣
а֮аһѪԴͷҲһ޵аĵߣ֮λʧ֮󣬱ش˯
а֮Ҳֲĵ֮һ
а֮һЦ΢΢һԭʧ
ûãа֮ͳаλ棬аλĵ߽ɱ
ĸ̫֮а֮֮һһʱʱ޵аĵ߷׷ѣ涼Ϊ֮𶯡
ĸ볯ݣ
ѣѪ
̫֮ѣ𶯡
а֮ճаλ棬һɱĴа񣬳ΪаλΨһס

һޱȵϢħ֮и֣涼ΪЩֲޱȵĵκˡ


1349 һ־
һʱʱ޵аĵѣ֮˾޴Ĳ
һ޵аĵѣζһµǿ
һǿ֮໥ײ̽е֮䱬ս
ЩԶʱĵ棬໥սɱȴû˸ɻʳơ
ħ֮ǡħӡ͸棬ǡħӡ֧ʮħҲΪʹĵߡʮ֣ȫɱһ޵аĵߡ
㡢ӰǿսҲ޵аĵߣЩȻǰƣȡ衣
֮λºסºϿգһ΢΢һһͷϳһֻǣͷһ̺ˮ֮ӡòӢǿߴ֮߳
ǹħºʣң
ħ·ĺ
һɺޱߵĿֲȻֱ֣ӽºֱӷֿ¶ǧﺣ׵ºľȺ
ºǿ־ŭĿչħȴҶ˵һ仰
κεͽ״µߣֻ·һȻºҲܳȡ
һɫ΢΢һºʱ֮Уü΢΢һ壬ħ˴ǰкιɣ
ħɨºһۺºڵƬҿˡ뿪˵أøҹһ壡
ºΪȸյĵߣȻռ˲֮λĸ֮ءһƬǺʥأÿһ춼ᵮޱȵĺ屦˹ħĴѡ
º΢΢һħƬºĸ֮ءҪǿºĸ֮أδ̫ˣ
ħɭһЦв㲻ȥһҪȻһսҲСһս֮󣬲֪º廹ܹ¼ˣ
º֮һĨŭһţŹħȥϵȨš
ħǹʱкһ޵аߣǺ֮УkûаܹһΡ
ºѣĸ֮л˾޴ĺôҲѾ޽ӽ޵аߡǱħȻ硣
ºʺȻ¶һľ׵Цݣħҿ֮ѣҪº֮أѵͲֽ֮ѹ𣿡
ħüͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫܹ֮棬ҿٿһ¡
Դħ֮֮Ѿʿ湫ϵĵһǿߡа֮׺ףбޱȣÿ춼ҪնɱһаյkǵѪꡣײба֮Ҳ֮λ档
ǲ֮λľ֦մ½ÿһ½һ޵е۱رÿһ춼ᵮ䣬֮Ķ󡣿ǻĸ̫֮Զʱ޵аûǰᣬΪɵĴڡ
º֮һĨâһɫı΢΢һųصĹâ
սħ֦մ½֮ڣһ֮У滺˫ָۣһһӡһûһöɫı֮ڡ
ºʵǰһöɫıâһһöӡֱӷɳݻΪһ޴ġ֣ŰԵ׵Ϣǹħֱѹȥ
Ȼҹ֮δ̫Եˣ
ħһĨŭɫһȭɲ֮䣬ºĺ֮һֺȥ
ºڹ
ֲޱȵˮ֮ӿշӡֽȻһ߱ǹħһȭУҲᱻˮֱ֮ӷֽ⣬ֱش
һʮֹĿԽʱⳤӣԭʧܹ˹ħǾ춯صһȻӹȥصڣһӡ˹ħĶͷ֮ϡ
һɿֲޱȵֱӱħֱٹ
Ԧʱ⣡֮ȻǿزֲõkǶҳ̽
ħɫ䣬־ŭ͹һɺúޱߵĿֲϢڵk֮
ֻǹħ޵аĵߣkһ侲뵽һӡ̺֮ŵʱ亹ֱ
һȻΪ㣬û˵ħֺȴչֳյĿֲʱ塣ħΪУͿ׵Ľkɱ
ºʣ鶼һᣬˣ
ħһѿޱȵЦݣ΢΢һΣһʧԶ
º֮һĨ֮ɫһ̾һӡͿԾһߡ֮ԽԽǿˡ
ɻʳոսʱ滹һۡºʻԵߵݸһǧ궼ѾΪ޵аĵߣһ־һߣֱ졣
ħºʣһ־ˣ
һϢһħ֮ѸٵĴħ
ħǹʱİǺ֮ɱһߣܹߵΧһֱ˹ħ̫ˣ
ʵٴͻͽضԽ㣡
һ־˵ߣֱ죡
޵У

ħһƬڣɻʳʿһ˷ܲѡЩɻʳҲ˷ܲѡЩĻ䣬
ħȻkһ־ˡ֮治ʱ֮ӡkĽǿļ¡ߵʱkľߡû뵽ʱȻһ
֮֩ڣ˿貾Өҫޱȵ⡣
˿Ƶ룬һһͷɫӨѩĳʻƽ׵ľŮŮǻĸʿµĵ֮һ
ĸһĨâаһƬɫۣkԽǿkĵ˾ͻԽࡣֻҪkûн㣬Ǿͻлᡣ
֮λɽ֮ڵĻ֮һˣǵ
һع֮λ棬ǿҲֻܹӻ֮£ӵ֮¡
ǿޱȣѾ߼ʱⳤ֮ѣkȻ޵һʱȴҲֻܹӵ֮¡
һĨâһֱ˹ħ֮ԽԽǿˡ
һһɫ֮еĹһ¸ڵ֮ΰĵֻҪ֣֮ˡ
ĬһᣬŻã
ȻӢ
һɫĹڶʱһʧ
һĨ֮ɫɭޱȵϣҪ䣬浱ҿֻնɱֻ֮Ҫ֮䣬Ҿϣ㣡ʱٰЩͳͳɱ⣬ĻԻͣ
һ̫֮ڡ
ϣ
̫֮Ȼ˫ۣһ֣һ̫ìһ´֮УᴩһɫĹڡ


1350 ɶ
̫֮ס֣
һɫĹںȻһޱȵļС
һ̫ìһ´ǺɫĹϣɷǺɫĹ׷ݱԴ֮С
ʿһŷǳǺ֮ڣһޱȵĹ
һ̫ìֱӸִ֮и֣Ǿ֮ϵһ۵ֱӴȥ
۵ɫ䣬һģһֻ޴ħצ̫ìһץ
һ̫ìһ´Ǻ۵ߵħצ֮ϣǺ۵ߵħצֱӺ飬˲佫Ǻ۵߹ᴩ
ֲޱȵ̫һ±Ǻ۵ɡ
һɫ߹޷ɳɢŲλƬͬ͵Һ߹֮ӿǺ۵ߵϣֱ̫ӽ
һ۵ؿڶһ󶴣һ̫׾ǿޱȵȼţһ۵ߵԴ
̫֮ײСǿĵ֮һֻ֮Զ
һ۵߿ԼؿڵĴһۣЦһ£ӡҫһɺɫĹâһһ̫ס
̫֮ȫһܾ춯أȻԽҲشһ۵ߡûһı꣬һ۵ҲҪϵʱָܹ
۵һĨᶨ̫֮ôǿҲԶԶȲߡֻҪ㣬վ޷ƿԼˡ
̫֮ǿף׵شһߡǶκһ߶Ƕ֣ǲڵһߣ˵߶ʮѡ
һ־˹ħ涼Ϊ֮𶯡ɻʳ֮˸ǡ
Щ߶ĸӼɵһصķ֮Ȼ
ʮʱת˲š
Ԫ½պȻѣһֱߴǧǳһɺޱߵĿֲϢǳ֮ӿķ
ԭ۹ĹǶܵѪڣǷ׷ɱ䣬øӵǿ
ǵȻˣ
kǻعˣ
һ³ΪԪ½ˣ

Щԭ۹ĶǸѪı仯һĨ˷֮ɫ
ۣϲĶȻˣ
ʥһĨâԶȥһĨ֮ɫ
һһҰ輶սǸߴǧǳɳžԪ½֮йȥ
ǲھԪ½֮еһֻһֻе輶սֱգЩսɱһ
¡¡¡
ѣضɽҡ޴ıը֮ڶԭ۹ս֮С
ʥ棬
֮УһɭޱȵһɿֲޱȵĲ֮ӿ
һֻľһеֱȥǿֲޱȵľĻ֮£һе֮еİսеͳͳ飬ʲôûʣ¡
޵У
ɱЩ壡

ԭ۹Ĺһ˷ܲѣʩչֶΣս
ЩĹ͹Աȴһɫ԰ףž֮ɫ
Գ֣ȫ޵С
沿ھԪ½֮ϵĻеſɱʥڶԳ֣Щеڵkǰһ
ۣkǴ˵֮лԶǿ崫˵֮еkȻˣضŹҡҸˣ
Ħ׶ٿһʾĻ֮϶һĨȥһеŵľһ
Ŀֲڣ㶯þԪ½֮沼õк֣һ
ۣˣץˣ
ս֮Уһ˿˿ҫһ´֮߳һֱߴǧǳһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
г𣬶ҵkܡЩһֱãȴ۵ѡ
۳ߵĵطʮֹأӵ˵۱Ҳ޷ҵkټҲΨеȵܹ۵λá
ʥ棬㾹ȻҳҵǰѾ׵ߣϧ̫޴ˡһ½ҲΪУֱ֪
ֱǧǳ֮зɳһ⣬۴һ֮߳һĨ֮ɫ
浭ۣۺأҲɣһ˿ɲҵĶ֡
ôĿ棡㲻һµϡһ˾ܹɱ㣬Ҫۺ֣
һĨâָһţһ˿ŰɫԲֱӷɳһ˿ǳ
һ˿ǳޱȵĹâǹҫγһǿս磬ա
ͨҪƻǿս磬ҲҪȫǿսһٴϡ
ɨ˶һۣһĨ֮ɫӡգ޴

âһһ¸ֳһͷߴһǧɫƬɢŵϢľ޴ߡһͷȼܻ棬ɢŵϢĳɫ
һͷ޴ɫ˫ȻǱõʬƶɵĿܡ
һͷ޴ɫӴ΢΢һΣֱӳǰǾ޴ſֱһ磬һֱʮɫֱ̺Ż塣
ͷɫһſڣһſԷһУܹߵֱ֮ɽ󺣡Ťգȥ
һɺڶ汳Ȼڶɺڹ⣬һС
Ǿ޴ɫɫ׶ɺڶɡ
һӰ΢΢һͬ˲һ㴩ķߣǶ۵ǰһȭڶ۵֮ϡ
¡
һǳȻ֣·ž޴ǳײһ㣬ֲޱȵ˷ɢȥ
һѪ䣬ֱײǳıԵһڵѪг˲ţôܣô̵ʱ֮ڣ׵ߣҲ֮ǿôܣ
Ѿµʮǿȴû뵽澹Ȼǿزһоͽkش
ɣ
ĿĮָһţһ޴ޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣Ŷһһ½Ƕ۾˽ȥ
ۺң
۷һ춯صŭ֮ҫصӡһ±仯ΪһɫļӣеͶ˷֮С
ǵ߼ߵĸȻѿһɫսףһͷɫԸл𱬣վ绪ľŮֳһɫĴ󽣣ɢ޵аĿֲϢӽ汳һնȥ
Ƕۺٶȿ쵽˼㣬˭Ҳ뵽kȻߵĸСһ͵Ϯֱݵ˼㣬Ҳ쵽˼㡣
ִҪɱۣͻᱻǶۺش
һ˿˿ҫǼֳ֡Ƕܡһ¸
ǡǶܡâһǳ֮γһǳ硣
ۺһնǳ֮ϣֲޱȵ˲䱬ǳֱһ˿˿


1351 նɱۺ
ǳ΢΢һֱӱһſǳըǳըĿֱֲӽۺɡ
һӰ΢΢һۺһӰǳնȥ
۶ۺιһǳͬΡȻһ˿˿ҫ˷ɢȥ
ɺڶ֮УӡҫһǶɫһı
ɫĶԴ䡢ԼһҲͳͳɡ
һڹ΢΢һ۱㻯ҳƮɢ
˫֮кâ΢΢һԭԶ棡ȹܼҪߣӵо򡣡
ۺɫ䣬һɫĹâȥ
ûõģȻѾ֣Ǿֻ·һ
һĮȻһָʱֱ֮֡Ӹ֣һֲޱȵʱȻɳǶۺֱһ
ۺɫ䣬һ֣һޱȣƲĹɫֱӷɳһ˿˿㲻Ϣ
ǹϵɫһɳӡҫһ죬һɫĲֱӵʱֱӽضϡ
бֱɱͨİۣϧǸЧ
Ŀ䣬һնһɫĴֱӸ֣ŷһСһеɫһǹϵɫ֮ϡ

һɿֲޱȵɫ֮дֱӽȻһѽ⣬Ƭ·ɽ
бɱۼǿߣǶ޵аҲᱻһ顣һȱ֮ûʹҪɱһҲʮѡ
ϵġסâһһɿֲޱȵĺɫâֱɫӵƬһɫƬͳͳֱɡ
б̺֮İʿ֮УҲǼΪϡٵĴڡ濪ھʿʳ֮ҲֻռʮббƬô󣬲ǡס˵ȴǴ֮
һɲ֮䣬ۺѾɵǿսıԵһնǿսĺ֮ǿսһնѣ˳ȥ
һЦ˲ǹϣϧҼȻôû׼
սپһҪȥоأ˷ʱ䣬һʮֿɳܵ顣
һͷ֮дһɫԲݻγһ磬桢ǼǶۺһ¾һɫ֮ڡ
ƣ
ۺʮֹϣ֮кâһ±޵а߼ĿֲһնıԵ֮ϡ
ۺһնѲ񷡢׷һ磬һͳͳǽ֮ϸ֡
ɫԵһųޱȵɫԣһɿֲޱȵķ֮ۺֱ
ħ֮֮߳һĸŶۺЦҪһնҵ磬Ĺܹȵ֮ϧ㻹Զˣ
һʱ΢΢һʱָ֮߳һţһɺڶȻ֣һСѹһУǶۺϯȥ
ۺ֮кâһӽһնһɫĽ˺Ѳ񷡢磬ɺڶֱնȥ
һɺڶźɫ⣬һУһ½ɫĽɣ˳һۺֱС
ۺһɺڶ֮ڣһһӵk֮зɳɺڶȥ
ɺڶ֮ӡҫۺųıһҳ
ҪҵôǾͬھɣ
ۺųʮرɰ״ݻ΢΢һ䣬һҧӡҫһɺޱߵۡ
ͬھƾ㣬ûǸʸ񣡡
һļ֮ɺڶ֮һսꪴ֮ɺڶֱ֮ӳ֣һꪴڶۺϣǶۺֱӹᴩ
Ƕۺս֮ꪹᴩϵӡһ±Դı룬ҳƮɢ
ɰ壬ǰԵǿİ֮һ
ħ֮һУɫջأһۣһĨ֮ɫ
Ѿɰǰ޹˵ĳ̶ȣ޵аĵһkɺڶ֮ڣҲֻ·һ֮⣬һЩ߱ɣkǵļҲΪսƷ
ħ֮ɨǶս۾΢΢һһĨ˷֮ɫkǲĵߣ֮kǵʲôˣ
浭kԶ棬ܼȹ滹Ҫߡӵоػ
ħ֮΢΢һüͷ΢΢һߣkڵòҪɣ
һӵоصҪʿڵ棬ǼƲɵܵС
ܼ̫޴̲֮սҲǺ
ûô򵥣ܼҪ̲ܼѡȫͬһάȡۡۺֻǶ̽ӣ㡣һ߾ͻֶ֣ͨΣǿз֮ս
ħ֮ɫ䣺Ȼܹǿз֮ս̫ˣ
ʿĵ伮֮мأ֮սȫġɿƵġ˶Ĺ棬Ȼ֮ս
߾Ȼܹķ֮սֱԽʿǿǵ
ЦҲбסۺͶۺȻ䣬ô꽫ᱻγҶҲҵС
ħ֮Щ㲻ỹ淢ɣ
ȵĹâڲᣡ
ħ֮˷ܵĿ촽ЦǾԺˣͷۣЩһһҰĲ̫ͷˡرҲڴޱȡ
ʼˣ
ôܣ
ʼ棬ǿʼ棬ǿ䳾ʼ棡Ȼˣ
ܣʼ֮󣬽ͳأ档ʼԤԣôô

ھԪ½֮Уԭ۹ĹǼһĻӿһһĨ֮ɫ
Ħ׶˷ܴЦ·һ»صʱϹȻ޵УϹȻ޵У
ħ֮ɨ˾Ԫ½һĵЩô
ڵ˵ʥ֮⣬ĴڶһĴڣֵһᡣ
浭һЦȻϴһ飬㹻滻Щļһ
ҹȥˣûҪ£Ҫҡ
ħ֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣǶֱӷ˹ȥ
֮лɱۣΪҳһ帴𣡣
һɫĹâ΢΢һʥһ³ߣһĨ֮ɫһ񹧹


1352 άȻ
浭һЦ֮ͰˣҲԤԶ۳ֵ΢˵㾢
֮һĨ֮ɫȻܹԤһֵ߳ʱ䣬̫ˡԤѾ漰˵֮ɳ̫ˡ
֮ҷ˺ö
һ˷ޱȵǿŶڵǳ֮д
΢΢һǿǳڵķһֱӴԭʧ
ǶǳϷһ˿˿ҫһȿռֱӴ򿪣һǿռ֮˳
ʱǿǳ֮ϣս붼ǿɱ
ǳĶѾ˺һֲޱȵĴ󶴣Ǵ󶴵ΧſһǿޱȵĽ硣
ǿֳָһǿޱȵĽ硣
ǵkɱ
ɱ˵kΪ𣡣

һ֣Ƕǿ˫۳죬һХ׷湥ȥ
ĹֱͬӺȥ
һɺڶ֣ѹһУһУЩǿһ
ͬĩһ㣬ǧĶǿ߲ķɺڶ֮ڣһ˲ͱȡԴҽ
֮䣬Բǧƽ֮жǿ߶ֱɣɻҽ

ǵߣ޵еĵߣ
Ĺôɱ

ǲдĶһĻһĨ֮ɫʿһ±
ûж࿴Щ±Ķһۣ΢΢һΣһ⣬һħ֮Ĵ֮ڡ
һﳤֱ̤ͨ˶ı֮ڡ
Ƕı֮ڱ貣鲼һԼĵرκһ溣ǿΪ֮
Ǳ֮Ȼܹ濴еıȴ޼
ڴʱ˵Ψıǿޱȵĵ߲ܹٵԼʵ֮⣬ʿڵ֮УųɾŵıѾûʲôЧ
Ǳľͷһɽɽɽۣһߴףӡļ̳Ǽ̳ĶǷһž껨䡣
ħ֮껨֮ǰ˫֮ޱȵӡĶһ껨䡣
ˣ֮Ǵ˵֮еġάȻԽάȴݵ档汻ɣҲά꣬档ûз⡾άȻһս֮󣬾ͻ붼һս
һսʤԪˡϴʱ򣬺пܻᱻһټ𡣶ֻ֮»ףøӵǿ󡣡
⡾άȻȻǷ֣Ҫάȵǳ˵Ρ⡾άȻһҵУͿԽĽṹƿصġάȻ
ħ֮һȵ
ʲô£
ħ֮˫ųޱȵľⶢҪۡۺļ䡣
ۡۺǶ֮еĵߡۺһ޵аĿֲߡkڶ֮еĵλҲ͡kǵļ;һʾ˵ĲƸ
˶붼ۺļ䣬ħܹ֮õĽĸֿƼԼΪġάȻ
Ȼħ֮ʿĵһʿ֮ϣҪάȻûжۺͶۺļ䣬ֻ¼ʮ궼ûгɹ
ã
ʮֹϣȽߵļϴݿ֮ںһ㣬ӡҫһöˮһ۳ͣħ֮ü֮С
ˣˣûʲô£ң
ħ֮ʱһ㣬ӻ֣ʮֲͷ
ɨħ֮һۣ΢΢һЦϸֳصӡֱʧ
ۡۺ䣬ķ׾ͱѹ
һȥĦ׶پǾԪ½֮нһδϴЩѵ۹嶼ϴһ飬Ԫ½Ѫɺӣд˶ȫƿأΪҳϵĲ¡
ʱţʮȥ
֮λ档
ʱѾߴǧֱ񷣬һ»ʿҪڶܡ
ͬһ޴ޱȵУĸ
֮ʥأͬʱҲѾΪɻʳء
·һУʿ
Ȼ֮䣬Բ֮һһֲޱȵ籩һһޱȵ֦Щ֮и֣ȡЩ籩
һųޱȵ⣬һֲޱȵĹ֮ڶֱ
ˣ
ʱ
Ļᣡ
ãҲĻᣡ
ֻᣬǲܹԽ֮㣡
Ѿ˼ʮˣڵȵˣ
㣡ʱ
ΨһҲҵôãڵȵˣ

һһֲޱȵĵϢʿ֮ѣһâ˷
뿪
һһڲ֮λص
ߣƬܱ֮ܿս
֮սÿµϢǵߣ

·һеʿһǸѸٵİֲ֮еļأʼǰһԾŵ㣬һ֮뿪
֮սʵֲ̫κһನԽ·ĳ״ݻ١
ʱЩ߻΢Щ˼ɣڲ֮λ涯֡ΪΨһһٵ֮λ棬䣬ЩҲϧ
㣬еߵ롣Ψн㣬Щǲܹӵ޾ԶҲõ긯࣬˥϶
桢ħ֮֮ħ֮ʱ֮Ϊ˽㲻һСΨн㣬пػ塣
㣬ô嶼뿴ɫвΣա
һâ΢΢һһϳһĵֱӸ֣ڸմ½ֱӷȥ
ڸմ½֮Уһ±һɫĹâһһɨߵĻһ±һѣֽ⣬û½֮ڡ
ȻΣգ
ڸմ½֮У̺ŽҲ̺ͬΣա
ǿõյأҲ̺Žʥأ
ҪСģȻ߶䡣

ЩΧĵǼһĻж΢΢һ
Ѿʿ涥Ĵڣûʲôյؿ˺kǵڸմ½һӵвյأҲһӵнʥء


1353 
֦մ½ʿ˳磬ʿ澫
ÿһĩ٣һ涼ᵮ֦մ½硣ӵ䣬ҲӵнҲʿ
ĵڲͬʱ֮г˯͵Ϊ˽֮УΨһһ
һֲޱȵϢԶڶɫ˿߻ƣһףǵľɫŮ֮Уޱȣɢ޵еϢ
ĸkˣ
һĵ֮һ
ĸһ飬ҧ˹ߵˣ

һߵĿһɫŮϳ˼ɵ֮ɫ
ĸһ֣ߴԶһ¼˵kӪ֮ڡ
ǻĸȻ߲£
ĸǧ򣬼浮һֱڣµĵ֮һ

ĸһ飬̽ƻֶο֮Ҳ֪жٵ߲ºѡ
ЩǿŻĸȺˣжżɵ֮ɫ
һɺޱߵĿֲԶڶһֲޱȵɽԶǿֲɽ֮ϣһǵǵ·ֱվԼߡ
֮棡kȻҲˣ
ۣǿĵ֮һkҲΪ˵Ĳ£
ûа취Ͼ۵棬֮ԴȪ۵ȫƣ޷֮

һĿ⼯ڵϳɵ
һŤޱȵĲ΢΢һһʥߺǡ깹ɵĺħɽԶٴ˵ء
Ǻħɽɽۣһа֮档а֮·վž߼а
ЩаһɢſֲаϢŲ̱ĹâĿ֮вϵɨţһ֮еĵ߱˳
а֮棡ײеĵߣ
а֮棬аƿߣ
Σյĵ֮һ

Щ֮߱бƳһĨŭɫȴһĬЩаͻ
һ̫ȻԶ֣һɾͷŵ̫սԶ̫ս֮һˣ̫֮
̫֮һƬգԲ¶һߵһǧȣطֱȼܴ
κ»µʿһ̫֮˫۾ͻֱϹճɻҽ
̫֮ӽǿ֮һ
˵滹˭֮Ķֻ֣еk̫֮

̫֮һ֣ЩǵĿⶼŵkżɵ֮ɫkȻһˣȻǿޱȣ˲ĿkҲʿǿĵ֮һ
֮һ΢΢һһҳǧս֮зɳƬǿա
kˣ
kˣ
֮ǿˣ
ǵk֮նɱħ֮ǿߣ
ھʿʵۣ֮֮ǿˣ

һҳǧսһ֣еĵĿⶼսսװ֮ϵϡ
ĸа֮桢̫֮ĴߵĿҲϣһĨɵ֮ɫ
ھʿʵ֮浥޵еĵߣѾ湫ϵʵ
а֮Ŀ΢΢һڵkµһа΢΢һ¶һ˿аޱȵĹâ˫֮صӡҫһޱȵĹâȥ
󵨣
кâһһУһսֱ֮Ӹ֣һնգ˺һУɽаĹâһͷаֱնȥ
֮㾹ȻҵĲ³֣ҪаһΪ𣿡
а֮ɭɭһЦâһţֳһа֮һս֮նȥ
ս֮Уʮֹޱȵӿһ˿ʱʧܹǡа֮
һɲ֮䣬սꪴ֮δ֣һնһ߼аϣ߼аһնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣аֱɣ˲Ծص΢΢һһնصĵаͻҳƮɢ
ǿһߣkնɱˣ
֮Ȼǿز
ǿ£˵֮ոտٵʱǿĴΪʳͶܹ֮߼ɱһֱΪ񻰣û뵽Ȼܹۿĵߡ
̫ǿˣ

ЩΧ۵ĵǼһĻж΢΢һ
ĸ̫֮һĻĿⶼ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
а֮棬棬ûܹð֮󣬲ۣаһҪսĻҾһսڽ롾֮ǰаһͳͳնɱ
кâһֳսֱָ֮а֮棬ȵս⣬
һ˿˿ҫ㡢Ӱǿһ¸һĶа֮档
а֮µİа־ŭĶ棬ȴһĬkѾа֮ȫס޷
а֮Ķ棬Ȼһ¶һЦݣɱúã֮ǸҵȻƣֱɱ˵k൱ڰŻɱ̫ˡССɾ⣬¡
аָ֮һһֱӷɳС
ӹһʱ¶һ˿֮ɫ֮ڣһʿѾʯһöʯҲ֮Уװ˼صҪϡ
΢΢һЦȻֻһᡣ¾͵Ϊֹˡ
а֮棡
Ϊ˴ﵽĿģа֮ȫԲֶΡ֮ͷʲô
Ϊᱬһսû뵽Ȼ
֮а֮涼սȻ

ЩΧ۵ĵǱΪа֮֮䱬һ춯صĴսȴû뵽а֮澹Ȼ죬ͷ
Ҫ֪а֮аʼ棬а־֮еĿֲڡkҲʱķ֮λȴȻִĿֲϹ֡
а֮ɨЩһŵĵߣһĨ֮ɫһȺ֮λһУʲô
а֮ĿһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ֮ʱƿأñȹȥǿˣҪԸkһҪƵkʱkһ򣬾̫ˡ
֮㹻·𶼱䵭ࡣ
һâ΢΢һһɫҫҫޱȵı⡣
ˣ
ڿˣ

Щ۾΢΢һһֱûǡ֮ڡ
Ҳ΢΢һΣ̤ǡ֮ڡ


1354 ߲
һ̤ǡ֮Уâ΢΢һһƬӨӨ̹ıҶС
һҶʮ˿֮ġ
һޱȵ־һʶ֮
üͷ΢΢һ壺ҶҪɱ
һ˿˿ҫӰߡ
ûҶô˵ֻЩӵ־ĵ߲пܻһöҶ
ɨӰһۣǶ˶ûҶԼ˲²⡣
㡢Ӱ֮Ȼս޵аĵߣɱϾĻеӵ־ĵߡ
һһޱߣ޾Խ˲֮λľ޴ǰ
һɿֲޱȵһϣŴسȥ
ص൱ڵһ򱶡ͨ档»ʿſҲᱻôֲѹ硣Ψ溣ϵǿ󳬷ܹ档
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ˿˿ҫһɿֲ㵴Ȼ޴档
һ޵аĵߣͨطǱȵһڱһܹɻ⡣ǵߵĿֲ֮
ɨٴαѹΧֻܹԲ֮ڡ
Ӵޱȵ΢΢һɨó˾׼Ľۡ
һʥءһ벽ʥǿܹǧ꣬ɵļʽʥʿֱȻƽҪã
һָԲħܷڣһƬֲޱȵУûڡ
һĨâ꣬Ҳٽ벽ȻԽ㣬Ҫ︨
㲻ҪĴ壬ͬҲҪӴޱȵԴزȱ
Ȼ֮䣬һɫʺԶһɽ֮ڶֱ񷣬γһʺš
һޱȵһɽ֮ӿϯķ
߲ѵǴ˵֮е߲ǡϣ磡ȻﶼУ
۾΢΢һһĨ˷֮ɫ΢΢һΣɽȥ
һɫʺɽɽۣһ˿˿΢΢һɽ֮ϡ
ɽɽۣһ峺׵ȪȪƯһֻ߽ʮףͬɵСС֮ϣһ߲ʺĹʵһ߲ʹ߲ʺĹʵ֮ӿֱ
һĨ˷ޱȵĹâ߲
߲ʿΪĹʵ֮һһö߲Ϳһżµʵǿһ½׾żϵȡ
ǳ֮ǵõһö߲ʵܹ׵ߣһٻ޵оŽ֮
ʿ伮֮мȷֹ߲ʵֵĴֻĴΡ߲ʵҲǿӽ㼸ʵı֮һһ߽ٷ֮һļʡ
ǰٷ֮һļʿܵͣʿܹ֮ӽ㼸ʵıָ߲ʵЩǷı
ɨ߲ʵһĬĬҪСʱܹ죡
߲ʵȻֱ
һ˷֮ܵһ˫߳һףǴſֲޱȵĵշ
߲ʵҵģ˭˭
һߴףѪ죬ÿһΪ֮𶯵ʼħܴԶ
߲ʵҵģ˭ôǾͲݣ
һޱȵĽɫâҫǽɫ֮УһͷԶɳ
Ƕҹҵı
һƬֲޱȵĻ𺣴Զǻ֮Уһͷ֮ͬеľ߷
ͳͳҳǣ
һžͷʮ˱ۣӡĶħâڵkʮֱ֮Уÿһֱ֮϶һ֮ǣɢײޱȵϢ
һȺʲô߲ʵˣ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһͷʩչٶȰ壬һɫĹâԶһɽɽۡ
֮֮㾹Ȼôûз㣿˻Ĵڣ
һͷոճɽɽۣʱɫ䣬֮ɫʧе
㵽Щ£Ȼܹҵڣϧ̫ˣɣ
һЦâһһָʱֱ֮֡Ӹ֣һʱһС
ӡҫһɵ֮һնϲ񷣬ضʱյķնʱ֮Уʱնϡ
ʱһ˲䣬֮߳һննϣֱնء
һɺڶֱӸֱ֣С
֮
֮⣡

kô⣿

֮ǰһװԾ׵ɫ䣬΢΢һΣ˷ȥ
֮վʬ֮ϽġЩ߶֪Ŀֲ
⡾֮ڣеĵΨһһ໥֮䶼ǵˡҵk֮仹ҪҶkǶԲԵk顣
Ҷҿǲ
һһָɫ֮һ¸֣һա
һ˿˿˵Ϣӡɫ֮ӿһգߵһ˿Ϣˡɫ֮С
⣬֮ҪϾɱ
һˣ
ô죿

߱ǡɫ֮һգ΢΢һݣʮĸоԼϢһСء
Ǿͨ˰ĵߣӵĵۼرǵһǡɫ֮У˵Ĺ켣ͻᱻҵӵĺǶᱻҵ
һһĨ׹⣬λ֮ȻҪɱǣô֣ɱڴ˵Σ
ħã֣kһս
ãkһս
Ҳ˽ܣâһʮֹϵʩչֹɱطֱӺȥ
ûõģעҵУ
һĨâһ´ʧδ
ʱ
޵طûа취ʱգ޷ƽ⣡
ôƣ

߿ʧһ־ŭг־塣
ʿʵյ޵ط֮Уʱ޵طΪֲ޷ƽ⣬ֱ޵С޽طΨһȱݾطЧ
һɲ֮䣬δعڣǵϷһնһâնǵϣͷ߼նأһɺڶֱӸֱ֣ɡ


1355 ȫߵ
֮Ȼ㲻ǻ·ôǾͬھɣһ𹥻߲
ħһĨâӶʮֱۣʮ˸֮һųһſǳӰ渡֣̺Żֱ߲Ӻȥ
Ҳâʩչɱ߲ķȥ
Ψй֮ؾȣпܽƳӲĴߵĹ
һӰ΢΢һǽͷϣһնһâնǽһնɱһɺڶֱӸ֣ǽֱɡ
д߹Ҳôʱɽȥ
һ˿˿ҫǸǼֱӸֳ֣һ桾Ƕܡ貵ǹҫһǧ˿ǳӰֱӸ֣ſһ޴ޱȵǳ硣
ߵĹһºǾ޴ǳ֮ϣһ˿˿
һӰһӰֳ֡Ӱìһìͷıϣͷֱӹᴩ
ͬһ޵еŮ֮߳Ӷ֮ޡһֲޱȵı֮ɽͷʼħֱӳȥ
ͷʼħâһŭ𣬴߶֮壬ڵk֮γһ޴ޱȵĻɫҼס
ġ֮ޡһǻɫҼ֮ϣͬһƬ޴ޱȵɽѹһɽ
ʼħɽһ±ǿֲޱȵ顣
߼ܣ֮صúҪɱңôҾ͸ͬھ
ǶħһĻһĨ֮ɫӡҫȼڵѪ֮һɿޱȰĵϢӵk֮
ͬھ㻹ûǸ£
Ŀ䣬һǶħǰһǶħֱնȥ
ǣ
ħâѪȼգһЦӶֱ֮Ӻȥ
ʮ˸֮һų貵ӡγһС͵ıռ䣬һƬĹȥڡδͳͳס
ʮ˸֮һ˲ϣñ飬ֲޱȵӲĽպһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
ħ΢΢һٵģǲӰô˱ĲӰȻҵ˫ܹȥ
ˣȥˣ
ڶħ汳ֱӸ֣һս֮һ´Ƕħ֮С
һâһǶħͱֱնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ƕħ汻նصֱɡɺڶâһ롢ʼħҲɺڶֱɡ
ӴޱȵԴԴԴϵӿû֮Уøӵǿ
ħkǵʧˣ
֮֮ɰ岨
֮ǣ

ЩΧĵһӦħʧ׷ʩչطһ¾Ϳ档
Щɫ䣬׷׻һԭʧ
߲ȻãǵkǵҪ
ҶһƬˡȻҵĲ²ûдÿһĵ߿ԵõһƬҶ
һſ֣Ƭű̹⻪ҶС
кâһţһνĵˣƬҶ
Сʱֱ߲֮ӳ죬һƮ
¡¡¡
Ϊ֮𶯣ͷ峤ףӡҾ˴Զڵkǵ϶ɢŵ߼ĿֲϢ
ͷͷҲ߷
ǡ֮飿ǻȴ㣬ֻһЩǿޱȵսˡkܹ˵ὫԼ겹꣬ĵ߼顣
ɨʮͷ߼ĹһĨ˷ܵĹâ
ˣ
潫߲ʵֱժ£һ棬ӡֻڳ֮λʱʹòܹӳļֵ
£Ǹʵ
ǾͷҾ˷·ͬһһ㣬һŭ𣬻ӶһɫֱӺȥ
ͷҲâ湥ȥ
ǹˡϧûпʱط
浭һЦһģʧ
ʮͷߵĹһ´˸գֱӺ߲ɽ֮ϣһɽֱӺ顣
һ˿˿΢΢һһ֣һնϣֱնأ˳ƽֱɺڶ֮ڡ
ǲдʮͷ߼׺鷢һŭ֮׷湥ȥ
ӡҫڹȥڡδ֮вϵĴһһʮͷ߼նɱɡ
ǿ֮
ʱ޷طûпܻ
ʱһ޵ط޷ƣֻаһ;޵еĵߣ

ЩǶԶһĻж΢΢һ˾衣һ뵽Ҫ͸оһͷۡ
ʱ߲յһ޵طκ߶ʱطҲƽһطɶ֮µĵߣƽ޵ط
Ȼ֮Ѿ˲ܡһk׳Ϊߣֻ»ΪֲߡԲܹõk㡣Ǳ߿Էˣ
һӰ֮еĹĿԶһۣһĨһɫĹâʧ
ʿڵһסǳΧǿա
һ˿˿âҫһһͷɫòޱȵĹߴ̤֮ŹǣһĨɱһЦǹս֮֮ȻҹΪУôͳͳȥɣ
ϣս֮йâ΢΢һһɫսìֱӸڵkСkһ֣һɫսìǹֱӺȥ
һɫսìһɳһ˲һľ޴սìݺݵĴڹ֮ϡ
ס֣
һ˲֮һ±һʥʿϢһӰֱӸ֣ǸӰ֮ŹǰӰǰӰ룬һʥʿ
ϣ
ս֮һЦһɫսìֱӺһӰ֮ϣһ˹ǰĸӰֱӱҲһ֮У顣
һʥʿҲڸӰһ˲䣬飬һ촷ۡ
һӰ۹ǰȻǰۼǿҲԹơĵǰȴǲһ
ǹ֮Уǰ嶼һ˲䱻ս֮ɱһûл
ɻʳǣǹս֮һһɱΧǳɱң֮ɱҰɣ
ս֮һĨâ


1356 ѹս֮
Ǳս֮ɱ䡣
һϢħ֮дħΪ֮ڡ
ս֮ǹĵߣkô
˫滨֮Уĵô֣
˫滨ǵ֮СЩĵ߾ȻԳֻܣһǹͨһͨһܾЩ߾Ǳļϸ
֮Ѿ˭ܹѹս֮
ųɾϵĵ߶Ѿս֮ʱ䷢̫ˣ
˲֮λȼɻʳص֮⣬һ߸޷֮
ֻܹ취ȥ֮عˣֻҪkһع飬ضܹɱս֮
ս֮ĿľΪ˱֮ع顣һ֮ʧĻᣬҲܵһߡ
֮ǶҪս֮һιͻ˰塣õkɱȥٶҲkɱ

ħ֮Уʿ˾۲ݡʿϣܹ֮лع鱣kǡ
ʿڵ֮Уе߶ǰڸûܹս֮ΪСرֵļλ֮⣬λסս֮һ
ս֮־ţɱ㣡
ǹһǳ֮ϣһâҫ֮γѩŵͶӰ
ƾһαۣҵĶ֣ҲǸ뿪֮λ棡𣿡
ս֮ɨѩŵͶӰһۣһĨ֮ɫɭһЦ
ѩ֮кâ֣ţ͹ȥѹ㣡
ս֮һĨ⣬նãҵ죡
ѩã֮ڣұضɱ
ս֮һЦһָѩŵͶӰ֮ϣâ΢΢һһͶӰֱ顣
ڹһŻеǳҲս֮һݻ١
ݻǿŻеǳս֮֮Уӡҫ·һֲޱȵɺڶŷԲʮ֮ڵ
һֲޱȵ籩ǷԲʮ֮ڹţκε溣µĴһ籩֮Уͻᱻǿֲ籩״
úÿ죬ɻʳַӦٶȣǿ£
һСʱ֮ս֮Ȼ˫ۣԶȥ˫֮ɫԡ
ԶһֻǧӴ󽢶߷Ϊ׵һ콢֮ϣվһʹŮѩš

ѩɨս֮һۣŵkһָ
һֻӴޱȵĽ֮Уս˴зɳһƬֲޱȵĻеս֮ϯȥ
ս֮ſһһ޾Ŀֲ籩Ǽս֮սֱӴȥ
ǿֲޱȵɫ籩һ´Щս˵Ļ֮ϣһ˿˿ҫһȻ֣ɫĹâֱӵס
֮ĻеŹȻ
ս֮üͷ΢΢һȴȻ޵ͨĴkһ֮£籩ܹԲʮ֮溣ʿµͳͳɱ
Ļеܹ׵ĵסս֮Ĺʾǻеŵ֮
ϧɻʳĻеôǿ󣡽ҲעҪְɣħ֮
ս֮һЦ
һһͨʯ֮зɳţһͷ峤ߴһħ֮УһԳ˫̺ͫŻƵħֱӷɳ
һͷħſһ磬һֱߴٹĿֲ֮ǻеֱӺȥ
ǻ֮ķ֮£ǧս˱ֱӵȼճɻҡ
ս֮ҲһЦâֳһɫսìѩڵķȥ
ѩ֮һĨâȵħ֮ĵߣΪʲôҪ棡
Ϊʲô棬ԶҲܽ㡣ҹߣһ߶ûСעҪҿɲԸ棬ΪƷѩţΪҵȥɣ
ħ֮âŤž޴ޱȵѩŷȥ
Щս˵Ĺħ֮Ļ֮һ˿˿ħ֮ȴ˺kı塣
ս֮ħ֮ѩšҪɱ
ħ֮һ뵽һ޵вֲܿڵӰһĨɫնף
ѩţǰ޴ˣûСħӳ֡һۣһʵһ㣬Ϊҵķ²ɣ
һޱȵɫâҫս֮ʩչǿޱȵĹɱطػѩǰǧеͳͳݻ٣ˣǰѩץȥ
ѩЦ֮˵Ļ޴㣬ս֮
ûսֱ֮һͷҪ
һЦ֮ѩһޱȵľȻ֣һ֣һŻƽĴſֲޱȵĲѹ棬ս֮ϯȥ
ħ֮ħ֮ʲôʱѵģô᲻֪
ս֮һޱȵľ꣬ʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫɫҫһӣһɫսì˺Ѳ񷣬һŴֱӴȥ
ħ֮ЦûõģһšƽܹĴڡսʽѪ츳⡾ƽơĵֻֿʹ࣡
һšƽųƽԣһֲޱȵħӰǡƽ֮ϸ֣һƽ䣬ɫսìһһʣֱӽʳƬ
һƽ䣬һַ˼ķʽս֮ȥ
ս֮һҫһ·ֽ⣬ɫĹâ˷ȥ
һƽâһս֮ɫĹâʮֹޱȵľۺһγս֮𣬱ǻƽס޷
ħ֮ôûн
ħ֮һħ֮ʱɫ䣬˫һ³ʮ˶Ի֮ǻ֮һȣ޾ĻһâԶȥ
֮ػɻʳҲֻܹΪѰһΣС߾ȻΪУôͱˡץ㣬ÿ߸߼ľ߸ǿ˼ζ
ħ֮ϴЦݣһ֣һɫƿƿֱӷɳ
ǡƿâҫɷԲʮƿ֮һɫĺħ֮ϯȥ
ħ֮ǰһ¸ֳһ޴ޱȵĿռϣһټܿռǿռ֮ſǿޱȵĿռ硣


1357 
ͷħ֮ݺһײͬһž޴ǳһײһռ֮ϣǿռһͬһһ顣
ֻǿռһ˲䣬ͷħ֮жҲ΢΢ͣһ˲
һֲޱȵһ˲ͳͷħ֮֮ϣͷħֱӾ˽ȥ
һֲޱȵħħ֮֮и֣ħ໥֯գγһޱȵħ
ħ֮֮вϵţŤ޴һֲޱȵ𵴲˷ɢȥ
ǿֲޱȵ𵴲ϯ֮£飬޷ħ֮
ħ֮һ·Źңҽᱨģ
ħ֮֮вϵ
㾹Ȼܹ˵Ǿ񡣲ʵȷʵеҵԤϡȻܹסҵġƿôáһܺóԣ
ħ֮΢΢һЦǡƿһָ
ǡƿ֮ӡҫʮ֮еĺ֮ĺһ
ǿֲޱȵĺһ˲䣬ͽħֱ֮ӱ⣬һ޴ı顣
ħ֮һУħ֮ı㻯һ˵kС
ħ֮kѾˣ
kĵʿʵۣk֮󣬾Ȼû֮ͻ
ħ֮kȻԸΪ֮Ч̫ˣ
һϣ
kôûн

֮Уʿ֮еǿǿħ֮Ӱ΢΢һħ֮ʿʵۣͬ޵һʱ޵аߡkӵرֵʿʵ֮һ
ħ֮Щǿߵڵķɨһۣ¶һ˿Цݣ΢΢һΣʧ
ӴޱȵǼʽҲѩŵͳ˧֮£Ų֮λȥ
ħ֮ճѹս֮ħ֮˫׷
һϢһħ֮г֣ٴħ
ħ֮Ȼˣ
Ȼħ֮ħ֮ͬkħ֮Ըػ壡
ħ֣֮֮彫޵
ħִ֮£ô᲻֪
˶˵һС
Ҳֻܹ֮˵һкۼ

ħ֮Уеʿ۷׷ף˷ܲѡħ֮ʿʳʿʵۣʵǿޱȣҲһ޵аĵߡеkڣЩǿʲôᱻֱѹ
ħ֮Ȼûнȥ
֮Ȼ£
ħ֮ػɻʳ̩ɽ޷kƻˣǿɶ񣡣

ãã֮УһһֲĴüͷ΢΢һ壬ŷŭεĹâ
濪ھʿʳѹһɨ¡ʿ֮Уλ涼ò档
ʿڵ˾޴ޱȵԴȻѹȵüΪࡣ
һЩѾֻһֱѹƲҳͷòЩл˷ˡħ֮ճһ½ֱѹЩҲκ춯
ɶֻܹϣ֮֮䡣
֮УΣأ֮䣬ٺò
֮һҪ䣡Բܹ㣡

ʿǿĴڷ׷š
֮ڣһɽۣ֮һСޱȵ⣬һ̵ĹֱԲ֮ڵĵ߶Կһ̵Ĺ
һصӡ֮и֣γһޱȵ۾СĿɽ֮ϵһС
֮
һɫ۹âһһɿֲޱȵƬص
֮
Ȼһ壡
֮ĺúڣ

һֲޱȵϢԶһʧ
һɫĹâɽ֮ϻۣγһͷϳһֻʥ֮ǣһͷɫ̷òޱȵӡ
ٺ٣ҴֻҪһ֣֮û˸ҹ
ͷϳһֻʥ֮ǵĿ΢΢һ¶һ˿˿Ц⣬Ŀһű̹âС֮һḬ֮̃ɫˣҵʵڽһҲ̤޵а߼ľ磬ӵЩʸ񡣡
㾹Ȼҵˣ
һƽĵͷϳʥ֮ǵĿӶʱ΢΢һ亹ֱתһ
һ˿˿ޱȵ·һ˵ɴĻҿһ㣬ʮֹĳĵ
ǿ߶ʱһں֮дһ˿˿֮㾹Ȼ⡣
ǿʮֹϵ֮ǹ֮塣ҪɱңҶûκε⡣ҪҶҿ԰ҵҶ㡣
΢΢һ㶣ͷȻǹ֮ôҾ͸һӣˡ
֮ǹʱһǿߡk幩ػҲڵkıӻ֮£˼֮
ڣʿ֮УȻŹ֮
ʷ伮֮У֮ȻҲȱ㣬ͬһһԾŶӢ
֮һһĨ֮ɫ֮ĵ߲֪ʲôǱ档˵ĵߣΧɱ㣬ҪСġ
΢΢һЦ֪ˣлѡ
֮΢΢ͷһâֱӴԭʧ
һץһֱ𣬷һ֮ڡ
ʱһʥϢǿޱȵĹԶڶֱ
бǽ֮һ
濴һʥϢǿޱȵĹһĨ˷ޱȵĹâ΢΢һΣǹֱӷȥ
̺֮Ž֮⣬ͬӵ䣬ǿ߽ļʡ
쵽˾ǿߣҲ֮㡣ֻһᣬܷ㣬Ҫ෽ء
汾ʵޱȣҲץס˿ץסĻᣬһߵ˽λáκһԽŹ
һƬɳĮ룬һ峺׵ȪȪ룬һֻ껨꣬ƴСĻ䡣ǳӡǻ֮ϸ֣ޱȵĹâ
һֲޱȵĹǴǻ֮ӿֱ񷡣
ʻһɽľһԽ޵аߣ޵а֮н
һͷžŸͷϳĶ׵ͷ֮зɳһĨâ̽צһץʻֱץȥ


1358 Χ
ʻ֮һӿһӴޱȵһִޱȵٴʻ·ڶͷͷֱһ
ͷͷһĨȣŸ޴ޱȵͷһſڣŵֱγһǾ޴ٺȥ
ͷƿ֮ףֲܿףһ֮һǳ֮ϣͿǳһƬ֮С
ͷͷȫĻһ߶ܹشҲֲĿǡ
һִޱȵһɲ֮䣬֮ڣӲĹᴩһֲޱȵĻͷֱӹᴩ
ӡҫһͷ߼ͷͱӡƣǾ޴ޱȵһƣһѹޱȵѪˮû֮ڡ
̽٣Ȼػ
̽٣֮ײеĳֲ
ʻȻػǼ֣

Щ߷ĵǼһĻһĨ
̽ʿ֮Ϊµĳֲڵ伮֮̽ٽֹΣҶߵʱkһͻ磬һλ桢ɣԼ֣øǿͿֲ
̽ٳֵ֣߳Ž̽ɱһǱƵþ֣Žһ̽ɱ
һֲޱȵ֮һ½ٵȪķʻҵģκ˸˻ҵУ
ǿֲޱȵһޱȵɱ˷ɢȥ
߷ĵһ˳֮С
ʿڵ֮Уϵĵһǿ档֮µǿ֮Уֲļǿ֮һ׵ɱͨߡ
֮䵮֮һ鲫ɱ԰׻䡢˵Ϊʳײǿ˼㡣ֻǵkܵǿѪûн㣬ΪһߡɵkΪֲĵ֮һ
ʻҵģ
һ˿˿ҫ֮һ߳
֮kˣ
֮Уǿߣ
һɽݶȤkƴܾˣ

ʮֹͣӽ֮һԼٵؿռ֮Уʩչطһߡ
ĿһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ֮ʻ־ڱصáһΡֻҪһΣҿʮ鼶ǡ֮λ֮еŮƾѡˣ㿴ʥҲû⡣һǷһ飬ֻҪ޷飬ֻҪ㶯Ǹ飬Ҿһ
ǴֱʡȣеһжʻˣԲøκˣ
ʻһ־䣬һʻһ޵аĵһɽļʡһɽļеĵΪ֮
Ҿ˵֮ضЭ֣kܣȡʻ㿴ΣʻĻ꣬ƽ֣
һһֲ籩֮еۻĴһ߳һֲ籩֮еЦ
籩ۣ
Ȼǹʱ޵һʱķ籩ۣ
kͬʱնɱߵĺˣ
籩ۣۡ˶޵аĵߣ֮Ȼ޵УȴҲδĶ֡

ЩȿռĵǼһĻĿⶼ΢΢һݡ
֮һȿռ֮ھķţΧֻ֮²kǿƵߣɲЩ½ߡ
ã
Ŀһۣʮֹϵ
֮ʱ
âһſһ磬һһγɵľ޴ĹȻ֡һÿһǴʥϵ֮ǣĻ㣬һ˾ߵ߼ǣΪ׵ǶɢĿֲϢ
Ǿ޴Ĺһ֣صӡҫͷ˫֮һ¸ֳ̺޾ص⡣
һͷ֮ӿһʱͷ˫֮зɳûƬգס˹ȥڡδ
ǵ˵֮УѾʱ壬û뵽⾹Ȼġ
ƬѾסܹƻƬĹ֮ʱЧ
޵аߵk֣ܹʱڿߡ
Χ۵ĵһĨ֮ɫ
֮Ұܰɣ
籩ۻһֲޱȵķ籩֮Уйâһǵۼر籩֮СȻ֣һնȥ
һƬֲޱȵķ籩֮һɫļ⣬˫֡
֮塢ٶȰ˫ذںϣһɫĵնʱ⣬ռ䣬쵽˼նȥ
ͨһɫĵͻᱻֱһնءǷ籩۵Ŀֲ֮
һ±Ϊһ޴ޱȵſһ磬ۼر顿ֱգѹһУȥ
ȻˣһͬԿǿߣҲ˿а
ħ
â֮Ĺ֮䣬֮⣬һߵߺǼһ˫ۣɢſֲޱȵĵѹȥ
濴һ˾ߵ߼ǣ̾һ䣺ǵȻЩ£
һĨŭɫȻһۣѵΪѾ䵱Ķ𣿡
һ˿˿΢΢һֱӸ֣еġ֮ޡӡҫᴩ񷣬һǷ籩۵ġ籩֮Сϣǡ籩֮Сֱɣ˳Ƿ籩ֱһ飬˺˴ƬѪ⡣
ӰҲֻ֮߳Ӱֳ֡Ӱìǡ顿ֱӴȥ
Ӱһǡ顿֮ϣֲ˲䱬ǡ顿һɡ
Ӱһ¸֣ӰӰ֮˲ƣû۹ȥ
ʱһѾǰʩչĶ⹥ɱطȥ
һǳ֣൱һܵħӳֵʯһַ߱һһ壬Ҳˡ
㣬˵ǰҪͷ­
˫һųޱȵӡһ¾׵Ϣ֮
ǡɫ֮һ֣貵ӡҫһ˺ֱӳһһ
һ֮УһǺȻ΢΢һһ΢Ĺͷѿ
һֹͳһ˿ѷ졣


1359 ն
΢΢һΣһնһɫâնһǵ֮
һɲ֮䣬ɫâնһѷ죬˳նһϣһһնء
һɺڶȻ֣һһɡ
һǵĹһº˸գֲޱȵڴ֮ϣغһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
̽ٹâ΢΢һſһǿޱȵĽ磬ػŵkԼʻ
һһɣͬ˲һ㣬ΣɫâҫǱֱնأȻɺڶֱɡ
֮Ȼǿ󣡲עҪ⣡
һĨâ
ǲдһһ߼һ·ɻ֮Ĺâҫ֮ĹУдһ˫ۡ
һ˫֮ҫ֮Ĺ֮зɳ֮ƣͬʱⳤ֮иһ㣬ٶȿ쵽˼㣬һɲ֮䣬ǰצֱץȥ
ÿٶȣٶԽ˷籩ۣ
ִٶȵİ塣kҲ֮һٶȰ顣kٶԽٶƵ顣
ڵһ֮УٶһʼԶԶ顣ֻǵ˺ʱ֮󣬵k߳Խ

ЩΧ۵ĵǿǿ쵽ĵһĨɵ֮ɫk֮ûмܹסǿ쵽۵һצ
һſһǿķ硣
ǵһצ̳֮ӿͬ˺һűֽһ㽫һǿķֱ˺飬һ´ϡ
סâһһɿֲޱȵŤ֮ǵצӣŤһߡ
ǵצ˺ѳһ޴˿ڣֱƫƵһԡ
һնҫɫâնڵ֮ϣӲĽǵնɳ֮ң
Ӳĵ
۾΢΢һӡҫһ±仯ΪһһеĿֲڶǵֱһǵһ¾ɺڶ֮ڡ
ǵһɺڶ֮ڣӴޱȵԴԴԴϵûڡ
ǵ֮֮ӿϵţͼɺڶ֮ȴ޷ɺڶ
֮㾹Ȼĵܵĺǣ񼫣
һĨâһŭȼѪһ¼֮ĹĿֲ
ǵĺһ¸գֲޱȵ˷ȥֱӱ̽צһץһſǳ֣ǿգѹ
£kԾ޵е壬ɱ۵ľˡ
֣Զʱڿ㡣еѹʱաӲ㣬ŵ춨ľ
ǿ壡鴫ϧ˵ǰôǿҲõͷ
ɺڶ֮Уһɿֲޱȵ֮Ȼϯķ
ǵɺڶһ˲䣬ɺڶֱͬһײڵľצ֮¡
¡
桢޵аߵļй֮£ǼӲޱȣҲֻѷһĵһ¶һֲޱȵѷ졣
ɺڶٴθ֣ǵһС
һǵѿӴޱȵԴ֮ԴԴϵкֱա
ǵװԾףצٴֱӺݺץȥ
һ˿˵ǣǵһ·ɳŵײȥ
ǵһջش󲿷ֵ˳ŵץȥҪоȻء
㿴ҵ
һӰһ˲ڵǰһնһɫâֳǳӰڵͷ­֮ϣֱһꪴմء
֮ס֡䣡뿪˵أ
һĨԹ֮ɫ
֮Ĺһ¸ֳصӡâֱŵϯȥ
ߣôף
ɭһЦ΢΢һΣһ³ڵǰһ޴ޱȵɺڶֱɣŵԴ
֮֮裬ձصٱ֮
һĨŭɫһҧջ֮󣬻һ⣬Զȥ
Ȼˣ
̫ˣսȥk֮Ĺֻᱻֱ֮ɣΪ֮֡
̫֮ǿˣʱ֮ӡȻ޵У
Ψ߲ܹѹ֮

ЩΧ۵ĵһĨɵ֮ɫ
Ƿ籩ӡҫֱӻһֲޱȵķ籩ٶȰǿ֮£һԶȥ
ٶô죬Ҳ첻ʱ䣡
ǡʱ֮֡һɳ貣һֲ׵ʱŷ籩һˢǷ籩΢΢һΧʱһҡ
ֱһӺݺݵĳǷ籩۵ͷ­֮ϣ籩۵ͷ­һ顣
㣡㣡
籩۱һͷ­ȴȻһ춯ص
һֲֿޱȵɺڶȻ֣Ƿ籩ۺݺϯȥ
ס֣֮һֻҪһ·ӽҲԡԸ˳
籩ۻһɾޱȵĲһޱȵĺС
ȻΪУȥ
Ŀ䣬ĽǷ籩һɺڶ֮ڣŷ籩۵Դ
籩ɺڶ֮вϵԴȴɺڶϵɣ޷ѡ
һĨɬһ֮̾ǹȥѵķϣܷһ
浭ҳֵһǾѾѡ֮нˡһһ
һ²ʮһ㣬ֱӷֿȻˣѵķϣƹҵĶԼһ壡
ã
һɺڶһ½۾УŵkԴ
ϣʮ֮䣬Դֱɢҳֱɢ
ۡ籩޵аĵֶǵkĶ֣̫֮ˣ
治ǵھʿʵۣʷǿʿʵۣ
֮⣬ûܹʤk

ЩǼһĻ΢΢һ޵аĵΧ棬ֱɱһӣսֱ졣
ʻҵģ˭
˫տȥ


1360 ٴɱ
Щһȿռ֮еĵһʩչطһ·ɢûһ˸ʻ
֮Уǿơκεĵ߶ҵĶ֡ΧȻкܴв֮ҪԼʵ
Ŀ䣬ɨ̽һۣһĨɭޱȵɱ⡣
һ̽ٱ濴һۣͬһܾСһ㣬΢΢һŤԭذεضԶȥ
ӣ°ɣ
һЦһָʱ֮֡һųصĹâһʱӿ̽һ
һ̽ٱʱһʱһĵɻ
̽ٻһ±һ׵ϢͬһһֱӱֱӴȥ
һָӡҫһɺڶȻֱ֣̽Ӿȥ
̽ٹâ΢΢һһɿֲޱȵ֮Ȼ֮໥⣬Ӳĵס֮
̽ٲ֮;ͨɰ֡˵kҵɰܹøǿ󣡡
濴ܹ̽ϲЩ棬ַɰѾݵܹݵļޣԽɰǿߡ
һ̽ٵۣԶԶȲ棬kɰգ֮ϡ
̽ӡҫһĳɳš
ϧҲֻɰ壡
浭һЦɺڶֱӱ
ݺһӳ̽ٵ֮ϣ̽һ±֮ޡòѡ
һУһնֱӸ֣һǣն̽ٵ֮ϣ̽һնϡ
̽ٱնص΢΢һŲͬķȥ
еġ֮ޡâһֱһһֱ̽Ӿסơ
һɺڶֱӸ֣һ̽һ̽پɺڶ֮ڣ̽ٵԴ
ǲдİ̽Ҳһſһ΢ɺڶɺڶ⡣Ȼ̽յɰ֮ϣ˫֮ϵĲ̫޴ǲдİ̽ҲԾ׵һķֽɡ
һ֮̽˫۽գ֮ӡҫһɿֲޱȵϢ֮
ǼֱӴӰ֮߳һָǳ֮Ȼɳſһ޴ޱȵĽߵĿӡ
κε߶÷߶ضǼľ
˫ſһ߲ʵֱӷĿС
һ߲ҫһɷ߲֣һκηֻҪ֮һܹɷ˱弶ϵš
ҹޱȵ߲ҹʧ
ڰ죬һ˫ۣ˫֮ӡҫ·һдڡ
㽫Լѹİ̽һ
һɺڶֱӸ֣дֱ̽ɡ
Ǳѹİ̽٣ףڷӡ⿪һ˲䣬ſɺڶӴޱȵ֮
ɰ֮̽ɰٴνǱ̽Ȼѷһ
Ȼ̽ٽֻʣ֮Ȼ;ףһ˿˿ķ
ǱֱӸ֣һûڡ
ǱһأӲѹס̽٣̽޷Լ
ʻ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ʮֹϣʻһ¸֣ûĿС
һɲ֮䣬һһǳӰ֣ÿһǳӰ֮ͻһСȵɱ䡣
һǳ֮һ·츲صɱ䣬һɺޱߣ޽ӽֱӱһٽ̽ٵɺڶһ̽١
һһҹ֮һҳɺڶ֮зɳ
ɺڶһգ¶Σһɿֲޱȵ֮
֮̽ҵɰٴλɱøӵǿ󡣿ϧûа취㡣
Լ֮΢΢һɨһĨϧ֮ɫ
Ѿ޵ʿ磬ڸǸһøӵǿ󡣿ϧʮڵԼȻֻ޽ӽ㡣ǶߣҲֻܹߡ
ڰ֮ǡסԻܵߡڵ֮ôǿҲԻһߡ
һ߱Դܵشпܽһɱ
ǹһϼ޻ԼԴشҲֻн㣬ܹkǿ⡣
˫֮޾ӡһʱΧƣʱ٣㡢ӰȥѰұҪһɱ䣡
֮УɱߣɵkǵԴҲҪʱ佫kǵԴֱܹԽԽǿ
ǣϣ
㡢ӰʮֹϵӦ
һޱȵĻƽս֮и֣һƽս֮ڣҫϵɱ䡢š
ЩУ棬޵С֮е˱ᣬΪС
ûнڣҲ޷նɱһߣ򽫻۷ˡ滹ûн֮ǰַˣԻ塣
ΪˣЩȻҲнʮĽȴûнһ˾޴ֻҪЩ߱ԴͿٴν̱øļʡ
һʱת˲š
һ֮УĻƽս֮˱ܣûһ˸һս
һѵһľ䶼׷С
ЩֻҪõľ䣬ڵһʱõԼʵ
һ֮룬һĻſһ˷ɢȥ
һɫĹ֮зɳֱϡ
һ¸ֳʮƬҶ
ǶʮƬ̵ҶһųޱȵĹâγ˶ʮĵ̵Ľݣͨһڤڤա
ӻƽս֮£ֱ̤ǶʮɫĽݣû˽ݵľͷ
һǽݵľͷһһؾޱȵ֮һ¹עڣٴɱ䣬øӵǿ
ÿһƬҶͿԽһϴ񡣶ʮƬҶͿԽжʮĴϴҵĸøӵۺ񡣡
汾ǿޱȣǶʮ֮ϴ֮Ѫٴɱ䣬һ˿˿
޾âҫһƽ̨֮ϡ
ֱߴǧƽ̨֮ϣվžˡǾ˷ֱǵһħһħ֮ʡ̫֮ĸа֮桢ǳ֮ħ桢֮ĸ
ƽ̨֮ϵʮ߾ʿ֮Ϊֲʮߡ
ǳ֮һž޴ǳ־ѣǵĿֲڣ޵һʱ
ħһ޾аĿֲߡ
֮ĸһ޵һʱľ޳λ浮ĳĸkҲͬ޵һʱ˵֮Уk̳Թһߵʬ塣


1361 
֮
һ棬˫۳죬ŷɱ
֮Ĺǵյǿر֮ĹУ֮ʬġ
ɣ֮Ĺһ±ϡ
λ֮ʵھ¡ϲ硣ֽܣӡڴ˵أΣһǲĻᡣ
һħ֮ĿһۣһĨԹ֮ɫ
һħ֮ʵķԴԼһֵ꣬ڶħ֮ʵϣֱӸգȴֱɱ˫ޡ
ǵһħ֮ԭҲǿȻĸǿߣȴΪʮǿ֮һλȻõkгԹ
һħ֮ʵʵԭԶԶһħ֮ϣһħ޾Ԩ֮ʵȴԽ˵һħ֮ʡ
һħ֮ʴһƽ̨֮е˴Ŀⶼϣ˹졢ƽ̨֮һƬž
һħ֮΢΢һ⣬̫֮ʢkǶ
һ·ɱǿߡǿ嶼ϾɱֱĨȥеĵѾʮ
֮£˭ҪԸ棬ɵ֣ϸȨ⣬Ը׶֡
һħ֮ʣ㾹Ȼ䡣ôǽһûս㣬ȥɣ
һ˿˿ҫһʱΧ֣ٶһ±ǧԽ˹٣һŵһħ֮նȥ
ðԵ
̫֮Եˣ
ֻҪнڣͻ϶֣֮ǰԵҲĵһǿߣ

ǰ˴ж¶һ˿ɵ֮ɫĿһĻ
֮
һħ֮âһŭХӡ֣һƬޱߵħֱӸ֡
Ǻޱߵħ֮Уһֻ׷һ磬ѹصĶħ֮צֱӸֱץȥ
һնǶħ֮צϣݻһſǳֱըѿһС
Ǿ޴Ķħ֮צֱӱЩǳ÷飬һɫâֱնǵһħ֮ʵϣһħ֮һΪ
һ˿˿ӡҫһƴСĺɫľֱӸ֣ѡ
һĨâһЦľһħ֮ʣıࡣֱ㻹м
ľǴնµľƶɵرľʥµǿӹһԵֵһ
ʱѾһ߿ϣƳľʱڣѾûм顣
֮
һ˿˿ҫһħ֮ʳƽ̨ıԵԹĵ棬һһҧ
֮Ϣŭһħ֮ʱϾĵߡǵĴǹ棡һħ֮ʽֻǳԲѷû֣ĵkһ
а֮΢΢һЦǰ̤һһ˿˿ޱȵӡڵkΧ֡
û֮һħֻ֮˵һ䣬ҪɱkδҲ̫Եˡ
һħ΢΢һЦ֮ҲΪĿǰǸͬЭȼ֮ٸƾᡣ
ǿѾв۵İȫǾŴǿ߶Ѿļ
кâһ˵ȻһĨ֮ɫԶȥ
һƽ̨֮ϵĽһ±һ޴Ļ˵ǰ
һ˿˿â΢΢һƽ̨֮ϵһ۷׷׻һһ޴󻨶ȥ
Ҳ׷ɱһħ֮ʣǾ޴󻨶ȥ
һħ֮ҧгݵĵ棺֮һɱ㣡ҽ֮һὫ˺Ƭ
һ˿˿ޱȵǾ޴Ļ֮ӿϡ
ȵ߷׷״֮׹䵽˵ϣ۶ʲôط޷С
Ŀ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫĽ򣡾ȻߵԷ
ӵһǿޱȵС磬ûκγ֮磬ҲԳȡ֮зУʩչֳ֮
ЩȻֹܹȵ߷мֱ졣
¡¡¡
֮Уһ֮һһ峤ߴ׵ľ޴ʯֳս
飡
΢΢һΣһ±Ϊһ𳤴׵ľ΢΢һŤͬһǾ޴ʯ˵ǰצһץǾ޴ʯ֮ϡ
¡
Ǿ޴ʯ˱ǵһ顣ʱһԵľ޴ʯȻӶ޴սݺݿ˵֮ϡ
Щ޴ʯ˿׾ޱȣٶȴ쵽˼㣬һնڵ֮ϣնһ޴ޱȵĿӣѪ졣
ǿЩʯ˶ӵгԽͨߵʵ
е߼һĻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ķʮ֮УǰĴڡͨߵĹʮƿkۡ
ˣ
̫֮һ΢΢һΣֳһ̫սìǾ޴ʯͶȥ
һ̫սìͬһǾ޴ʯ֮Уһսȵ߼ʯ˺顣
ĸ΢΢һЦʮָᵯһ͸ɫĻ˿Ǿ޴ʯ֮д󣬽һͷͷ޴ʯֱӲƣӡ
ǳ֮һŭ𣬻Ӷ˫ȭЩ޴ʯ˺ȥk˫ȭ֮һͷһͷʯ˱顣
а֮Ȼ¶һޱȵЦݣһ¸ֳһ˿˿ޱȵ
ˣͳͳΪҽ֣
һпʯ֮һͨŻƽԵʯ˻ʺȻ֣Ӷһƽսһն
֮Уһ¸ֳа֮汾ӰһɢϢжȻ֡
һжܹâҫ롢鸡֣γһ硣
ǻƽսһն֮ϣһնƣ˳նа֮ϡ
һͷ߼а֮һ¸֣ǻƽսһն顣
һ˲䣬аֱ֮ʧԶ
ʲô
kʲôôûм
ǿkʵԲκһˣ

һɵޱȵĿһʯ˻ʵ֮ɫ
òˡ־֡ΪػܹսʤǣܹǵǱɱǾܹǵ
ȫˣǾͿԴ뿪㣬ػ档ǲǽ֡
ʯ˻ʸһУһЦ
һâҫһʹƵɽɽ֮УɳһһޱŮԳʹÿһʹɢŵĵ߼ʹĹ֮Уվһף绪ʹŮʡ
ʹ
kǾʹԭͣʹû뵽Ȼ￴

ȵһЩʹһĨɵ֮ɫ


1362 ٵ֮ս
ʿڵ֮УƿصǿսʹʹԲǳ֮еĳʹ
ÿһʹǳʹҲǵ߼ʹеʹŮҲ޵аĿֲߣĸͬһĿֲڡ
һֲޱȵϢԶһ֮Уһͷֱӷɳŵ
һȼŷ֮׵ͩһ֮ͩϣϢŰͷˣǰͷ˵Ĺ֮Уһͷ߹ϢǿޱȵķŮʡ
زһߴ׵Ļƽ˻ʴԶͬһƶĻƽɽ
֮УܵصķӰ죬㱾ĵҲѹڰ֮ڣһߴ׵Ļƽ˻ʼֱƿֲ
ʮ̺ŻϢĵ߼֮߹֮Уһ峤׵Ļ߻ʴԶĿɨˡ
ͷۼĽռ׳湰֮Уһͷ޵аĽռ׳ʴԶ
һ߼ĺڰħһ߼ĺڰħʴԶ
ʮͷһ֮Զٴ˵ء
һͷ峤ʮ׽ֻڴ˵֮гֹλΪʳ̽޴ԶĶ档
һĻڳʮ߶һ
֮еĵֱʿѾѵĵҪöࡣ
һħ֮һĨâ֮λֻһλô֣һǰ֮أ֮Σ
֮λȷʵֻһֻҪȫɱǾܹ֮뿪ԣȥɣ
һڰħɱһţֳһڰħŵһħֱ֮նȥ
һ߼ĺڰħҲâҫʩչֹɱطŵһħֱ֮Ӻȥ
һħ֮ɫ䣬ʩչֹޱȵطһ߼ĺڰħ񹥻
ڰħһĵҲ׷ʮ߷
ʮҲʩչǿޱȵĹɱط֮صɱһ
һͷ峤ʮ׵̽һֱ֣һͬ˲һǰſѪڣѪתһɿֲޱȵɺڹϯȥ
ҿûʱ˷ѣ
صӡҫǡʱֱ֮֡Ӹ֣һʱǡʱ֮֡ӿһֱӴ˹ȥ
һɺڹֱ˸ա
һͷ̽޿ԼĶʧһĨãȻ֮ɫ֮ӡҫһ֮ŵһħֱӾȥ
֮쵰
һħʱƿڴʩչַһȥ
ʱ
֮Ȼһ޵ط
ô죿

Ŵһʩչʱ޵طжһĨĽ֮ɫ
ǲͨʱ壬κһжôǿ޷ʩչ޵طʱһŷ޷ƽ⣬һ޵еطԶһй
δ֮ߣ׵ĴԽ֮ǻ롣
ǻ룬һƬ峺ĺһǵζǺ֮
Ǻ룬һ貵Ļ¶һ˿˿صϢһ費¶֮š
һһ貾ӨĻ¶ǵλ¶ҲΨһ
磡ԣ־ųһعȻûа㷽ȡɣֻܹЩȫɱ⣡
ոһһɿֲޱȵΰֱӽɰüͷ΢΢һ塣
޵аĵҲһ־⣬Ψ߲ܹԾԵ־
ôҵĵһĿ꣬̽ޡֻҪɵkҵɰܹٽһ
кâһһ´ԭʧʧδ
ս֮УһħԼ̽Χ˺ۣһһֱӳ֣Ȼ顣
ߡ̽ޱκһǵһħǿߣʤһħǼʮ߼֮߸ײޱȣǵһħҲñâ
սһӣһħϾͶ˿ڣЩ˿Żϡ
һ˿΢΢һδڣ̽޵һ꪿һն̽޵ϡ
̽޵Ƥһųޱȵâ΢΢һ飬жȥɵ
һɫâն̽޵ϣնѳһ޴Ŀӣȴ޷̽һΪ
̽ޣ
һĨâϡסâ΢΢һΧʱټӿһǧԳԽٵĿֲٶȳһͷ֮ǰһֱӽͷ֮ͷն
һɺڶֱӸ֣ͷֱ֮ɡ
Կף
նɱ֮֮һޱȵԿӰи֡
΢΢һֻնɱ㹻ǿ߲ܹ۳Կ״򿪽磬
һ֮߱նɱ֮һͷߡʮ֮ߡ̽â׷ʩչط湥ȥ
һʱһԭʧǱδ
ħ֮磡
һħ֮һĨ֮ɫһ֣ŸħֱӸ֣ӿ޾ħγһħ֮磬ס˹ȥڡδ
һ˿˿ҫ汻ȴδֵڡ
Ǹ֮ұʹǿطܹסkǵĹ
һħ֮¶һЦݣʩչطħ֮֮УɵĴ󣬶ǺڰħʵĹ
֮֮еһǿߣͽˣ
һħ¶һֻЦݣ΢΢һΣһŵһħ֮ڵķȥ
ĵҲ¶һ˿˿âûֹһħ֮ʡ
Щĵ߿汻ȴδֵڣҲʮĬûмֻħ֮硣
ʱ߲ܹյ޵طʮ޵аҲҪرܹ޵ط
ãɱkǣ
һʮֹӦ
һ˿˿ҫ㡢ӰǼֱ֡
΢΢һΣӶ֮ޡס̽ޡ
ǼһеġǶܡǡǶܡâҫſһǿޱȵĽ罫kӰ߻ֱӷӡһǿ֮ڡ
սһָʮ֮ߡ
ʮ֮֮âһſһ磬һ˺Ѳ񷣬ǡǶܡݻǿȥ
¡
ʮ֮һ֮£ǡǶܡݻǿ类þҲѿһֲޱȵѷ졣
ңҲҷģԴ󣡵̬
кâһסâҫһģģӰǡס֮зɳںһ


1363 նɱ߻
΢΢һΣһӰǻ֮Ⱥ֮зȥһɲ֮䣬˲Ƴһ֮ߵǰһꪷ߼Ļ֮з磬֮һնأֱɡ
һӰҫһɲ֮䣬ͷ֮߱նɱԴ
ǿ
˲նߣ֮޵еİ
̫֮ǿˣ

ڳ߼һĻ׷׵һ
ͷ֮ɣȻͨĵѷɱϾǻʵĵߣսˡʵ뾭ħӳֵʯѩƽ
ܹնͷ֮ߣʵֱֲס
ǲдʮ֮߶ŭâſһ磬һѹأᴩ񷣬ֱӺȥ
һ໥γһ̺ŻĿֲߡһͷɻ۶ɣһ߱ǿֲһײҲֱӱҳ
κµλ汻ֲһײλ汾Դ־ֱ䡣
һ˿˿ҫǧʥסʮʿĽȻ֣໥ſһ޴ޱȵķ硣
ǧʥĽ׾ЩѹԴƶɵĻеӣҲյǿ֮һ
һͷɻɵľһײǽſķ֮ϣǷֽһ˲䣬ֱӺ顣k˳ǽײȥ޴֮еһͳͳ𡢻촷ۡ
ʥĽױǻһײҲֱ촷ۣʧ
һɲǣһ˲ƣͷ֮ߵǰһնͷֱ֮նء
һɺڶֱӸ֣ͷ֮һͷ֮߾УԴ
һռ䲨ҫס׵ʥеԼʿĻе׷׷׳֣Щֱ֮ӹȥ
ЩʿĻеѾԹƻ֮ߵķkÿһνл֮ߵı壬ԵkһЩ˺
Щ֮ſһ磬һϯ֮еĻеͳͳ顣
Ļе֮д󣬻նЩ֮ߵ֮ϣһնɱɵkе
֮Ƿ𣿾Ȼ˵kǿ
ﶯԼǿֻĵˣ֮ôôǣ
֮Ļеǿ£ӵѹߵһս֮࣬ɲڽսʲô

ľŴ߼һĻһĨâ
ĸ̫֮kǶ޵һʱİɱ飬Ϊʳʵײе˼㡣Ȼkڶ֮еĵѹƣȫ·磬ҲΪkûжȫսǵkƴҲһһҪ׺ᡣ
֮ζɱ㣡
ʹŮâһ΢΢һΣһ߼ĳʹ߷
ǿռȻɳſһռ磬ʹŮʵǰ
󵨣
ʹŮǰĳʹһȣӽһնһޱȵĽ˺Ѳ񷣬նǿռ֮ϡ
ǿռſĿռһ飬kǱҲʹնƬ
һ˿˿ռҫǧܾ߼ظװ߼սȻӿһֲޱȵĻеʹŮԼһ߼ĳʹӿȥ
ǧ߼սҲƿصھʿʳ֮ɵĻеţȫԻͨĵߡ
һʹŮʡһ߼ĳʹӶʹ֮ն£һֲޱȵĽâնս֮УЩսն顣
ֻЩ߼ս˼޾Щʹնɱ٣µսȥ
ӴĻеǿסʹŮԼһ߼ĳʹ֮˲ƣͬһ㣬ꪽǲдĻ֮ȫնɱɡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǡǶܡݻǿһıӰ֮зɳӰǼkǵ϶¶ദ˿ڣÿһ˿ڶŻϢ
һ߻֮и֣Ż˫ޱȵħ⡣
֮㾹Ȼɱҵˣ
һ߻ӴޱȵΧ΢΢һɨâȻſһ磬һӵkĿһС
صӡ֮ҫһɺڶֱӸ֣һУǻϯȥ
ǻһɺڶ֮ϣǿİ໥֯Ť
ǻ߻ʵĻ⻹ɰ嶼޷ռݾԵϷ硣
һӰ΢΢һͳǻ߻ʵǰһնһɫâᴩ񷣬һնͷ߻ʵ֮ϣնѳһ޴Ŀӡ
һӡ֣Ǿ޴˿֮Ѫ⾫һա
߻ʷһХŤ޴̺ſֲޱȵ壬ֱӺȥ
ҲԶԶ֮ϣ
ɭһЦסâҫ޾Ħʯ֮ӿûڡ
һնһſγɵǳȻ֣նѲ񷣬磬һնǻ߻ʵ֮ϡ
˲˼һĻˡ
׳Ļ߻ʵǰһϸСǩһնǻ߻ʵ֮ϣǻ߻ʵȴһ˲ըѿѪɽ޴һնء
һֲֿޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ǻ߻ʵһɡ
ӴޱȵԴǻ߻ʵ֮ûڡ
ǻ߻ſһ磬һһɺڶ֮ϣͼɺڶ
Ŀ亮ûõģѾشܻҵķ
ɺڶ֮ӡҫһޱȵĺɫâǻһǻֱѹ
Ӵޱȵ֮ǻ߻ʵ֮ϣkӴޱȵԴǲ֮ӿûڡ
֮ȥ
һʹ֮˺Ѳ񷣬ᴩӣԶնһɺڶնȥ
ʹŮһն£֮еսͳͳ飬촷ۡ
Ǽ΢΢һΣֲֳƵġǶܡǰһſǳ֮⸡֣γһǿޱȵǹ硣
¡
ʹŮһնǹ֮ϣǹֱն顣
ǼеġǶܡһ³һޱȵѺۡ
ʹŮʣһ
΢΢һЦǻ߻ɺڶ֮УֱӻҳƮɢ
ʹŮʷնһʥȻ𣬻ӵնڵkϣն˵kĻ磬ڵkն˿ڡ

ʹŮʴŭһʥĹâڵk֮һе˿˲ָkӽһնһֲĽһʣ顣


1364 һ
߻һһԿۡ
ͬʱǻ߻ʵڣһǿޱȵԭһû
һ˿˿֮ڵĹ֮и֣Ĺøǿ
ȻˣÿɱһͷߣܹӶᵽkŵԭøǿ󣡡
оâһţһĨ֮ɫһ˸̽޵󣬻һնһն̽޵ı
̽Ӵ΢΢һһޱȵĲҫһжȥ߳
һɫâһ̽޵֮Ͼͱնһ˿ڣѪӿ
ͷ̽һصӡ֣һ˿Ѹٵ
ÿµ̽ޣµ֮һһ壬Իɱ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ʮֹϣ˹ͷ̽ޣһһʱ֮дԭʧ
һɲ֮䣬һ߼ĳʹǰ֮ϸֳһɫħצſֲħһ´һ߼ʹ࣬kʹ֮˳
ӡҫһöʹ֮ı㱻ӡһɺڶֱӸ֣ǵ߼ĳʹʬɡ
Ϊﵽ֮嶼Ѿûλͷ­ն౻ᴩ屻ض
һöʹ֮һȡ˳ʹԴγɵĽᾧҲֻʹӵоǿ߿ԻɱʹȡԷԴγʹ֮ġ
ͬǿҲɱһ߼ĳʹȴ޷۳ʹ֮ġ
㣬
һ޵аʹŮʱŭһųʥĹâ
ٶȡڰռ䡢ذ֮ʹŮʵϸ֣kһ̤Խ޾ľ룬ǰһն¡
ǵʹŮǰٶʥĻеͳͳ촷ʧ
ǧ߼սͳͳ飬촷ۣƮɢ
浭һЦ˲𣡲ʹŮʣ
һ˿˿ҫǼֳ֮֡ܡһ³ǰ
ǡ֮ܡâ΢΢һӡҫһ΢ӰֱӸ֣һ΢֮Уһſǳ֣·ʵ
һǸ΢תʵһ桾֮ܡͿԽ׳Ϊ֮
һ̺ذʹ֮һնǸ΢֮ϣǸ΢һų貵ǹ⡣
ɫĹ⻪ǳڰ硢ɽռٿ֣ӲĽ΢ųǹ飬΢Ҳһ˲ֱӱ
һ˳ն£һնڡ֮ܡı֮ϣǡ֮ܡնһֲĽۣ˳ƽǼһɡ
ͻ̫Զˣ
صӡ֣ǡסȫںϣΧʱһ¼һǧȻһ³ʹŮʵǰ̽צʹŮʵֱץȥ
ʹŮٽһޱȵġ֮Ȼ֣û˵kڡk֮иոĵָһ±ûһ˲
һ˲䣬ֱʹŮʵؿڣصӡҫӲĴʹŮʵؿڳһʹŮ֮ġ
һɺڶֱӸ֣ʹŮֱɣĳȡŵkԴ
һöԿи֣һӴޱȵԭҲԴԴϵûڡ
ôkôǿ󣿡
֮ȷʵѾ޵档ǣҲǿ󣡣
ʹŮʽֻ¶һͱkֱӻɱôܣ

ĸһħ֮ʵȾŴ޵аһĻжŲ֮ɫһʹŮʿĸǿͬһǿߡǿ߼򵥣Ҫɱǿء
ʹŮʽֻ΢¶һͱɱֱ˷˼
ɱʹŮʣӴԭ壬Ĺ֮УʵٴӼ֡
΢΢һһûǳʹȺ֮Уͬһ㣬ϵնɱЩ߼ĳʹ۳һſŵ߼ĳʹ֮ġ
ĸȵ߿һſŵ߼ĳʹ֮ģж¶һ˿̰֮ɫ
ӵ㹻ǿĳʹһЩʹ֮ģkǾпܽ׳Ϊߡ
ʮ߼ʹɵӼֱ˼㣬Ҳδӵ˶ĵ߲¡
һħ֮һĨɵ֮ɫֹͣ˶ԺڰħĹλ֮ʵ̫ǿˡֽkֱѹΣkɱȥڳ˶䡣
֮еߴҲ¶һ˿֮ɫһĿⶢϣ˼ɵ֮ɫ
Ǳǿ׷ɱ˺۵ļ޵аҲ˴ϢĻᡣ
ߵע֮£浭һЦ΢΢һΣ̽޵Ϸ֮һ˿˿֮ƹâҫһ˿˿Ϣһնһͷ̽޵֮ϡ
һͷ̽ӡҫһȴ޷жȥһɫâֱնء
һɺڶ֣ͷֱ̽ɣȡŵkԴ
Ϣ
֮Ѿһ˿
֮Ѿ߱ĳЩߵԣ
ԲܹõkȥǶʧȥΨһһĻᣡ

ڳежһĨ֮ɫһۣĬ
ʿŴ޵аĵʮĬֹͣĵߡ
֮еĵâ淢˽
˷衢˻ǳһĵ֣ܾ춯أ֮еսͳͳ顢촷ۡ
ѹԴƶɵӴеǵΧ֮£飬ȫݻ٣Ҳֻʱ⡣
һȺһ
һĨϷ֮ɫһ¸ֳöԿס
âһϣkֱǣǻֱӷȥ
һɲ֮䣬ͳǻ룬ſһһޱȵĻ¶ֱС
һλ¶һûĿУ貵ӡҫһӴޱȵԭӿûڣŵkꡣ
һһ֮֮и֡
ǳɺڶʱ֮ӡռŻϷ֣ӡ֮зɳںϡ
ʮ֮䣬еĵ߶ϵ˻룬ȴǻĽֱӵס
̫֮âһӡҫֱӻһž޴ޱȵ̫ݺײǻ֮ϡ
¡
ض·΢΢һ̫֮γɵľ޴̫ǿֲޱȵķֱ֮ӱ
̫֮ҲֱһѪһ԰ףϵĿȳƬѪ
ԭɱ˵kǾͿԻԿסֻлԿףܹ棬
ĸһĹһ˿˿âȻһƽ˻ֱȥ


1365 
̫֮޵аʼʩչǿޱȵĹɱǲдߴ޵аĻ߹ȥ
ߴ޵аĻҲͬʩչֹɱط̫֮޵аȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮У涼Ϊ֮һ
ǳɺڶʱ֮ӡռŻֱݻγޱȵӡһγһӡǣһ´ںһ
һʥΰϢ֮
˽׳Ϊߣ
㣡˽׳Ϊߣ
˭˭׳Ϊߣ
㣬ߣȻ˽׳Ϊߣ

֮У»ϵĴڶ֪һߵĵ
֮Ϊ֮棡
һޱߣʥΰһ֮˵Ժ֮𵴡
ǵk֮ǵk׳Ϊߣ
һַ֮УǾֻ߽а벽֮ңķһĨţһ̾־ȫޡ
ʿڵԵߣ֮λȴֻһһ˽㣬˶ôţٴνס
ߣ棬Ȼ׳Ϊߡ
δ½Ǿޱ԰֮ڣյǾޱ԰԰֮һĨ֮ɫг˲š
kȻ׳Ϊˣ
ǲ˼飡
ôһΪ״ʿܰ쵽
Ǿޱ԰֮еŮҲ˷ܡǲţ۷׷ס
֮λսħڱ
ߣǸһȻˣûΪУȻֻҲΪ̤ʯˡ
һ֮оħ֮Ȼһ̧ͷһĨ֮ɫһ̾
֮λеյĿꡣħ֮ȻҲ㡣ʮԼĶ֣Ȩһ˫ѡ
սħڱһɽɽͷ֮վɽ֮ϣг˵Įһ˿˿ϣ֮ڵk˫
սħһ֮ڡ
һһǸʱüЦǿ߷緶ĴЦţ֮棡ߣҾȻһߵͽܣ̫ˣ
˹ʺ˰ˣ
յսħյ̫ϳǿ˻һһۣжһĨʺĽ֮ɫ
ЩһĺԴб֮£Ѿ׳ΪʥʿԶԶڹȥսħ̫ϳ֮ϡ
֮󣬱ǱѾľĻһгʿʵ۵Ŀܡ
гɬͻ⣺ҪܹΪ״Ӿͺˣ
ʯѩսħڣֻʯѩ¡Ϊ̫̤սħڴŶѡʯѩڣԻᱻսħھ֮⡣
˭Ҳû뵽һʵµĶʿһߵ죬Ϊһ޵Сѹ磬Ԫߡ
ߣôܹ㣡ôܽ㣡
֮λһ֮ڣŲ֮ɫһ󣬽һƱֱ顣
ԭ֮һĨЦ⣺㣬Ȼˣѡеˣ
̫Ԩ
ʥһĨЦ⣺㣬Ȼܹ㣬ǳҵԤϡһ£ҳΪΰߵˡ
ҫʥҲһĨ֮ɫ㣬kȻˡ
ǿһĨ֮ɫ治ֻһʥʿǧ겻Ѿ㣬Ϊһ޵еߡ
ǿһ̾kȻҲܹkȡ
֮·
ߴʥһĨ֮ɫߣkȻ׳ΪߡȻΪ˵kĸӹȴҲסһĴС
״ʥһЦһøkһ㣬ǿɾͳΪµĸӹ塣棬û˸Ϊǡ
ߴʥ΢΢һ㶣һЦûΰ֮µĸ壬˭ΰΪУ
㣡
֮㣡
֮ǵk㣡
㣡
Ȼǵk㣡

涼Ϊ֮ڣЩһĻ̻̣Щһ˷ޱȡ
㣬kôܽ㣡ܣΨһһҵġҲҪ㣡
һħ֮һĨâһ춯صŭ֮صӡ֣ȼѪͼ֮λ
һ̺޾أħѪӡֱӸ֣ͼγӡǣںϡ
һӡոո֣ͱһɿֲޱȵΰѹֱӱ
ӡһ˲䣬һħ֮ʵһı顣
㣡Ҳ
һ֮Уһħ֮˫֮Ȼȼſޱȵִ
㣡
ʿ޵аĵ߿ʥ֮н棬г˼֮ɫ
ʱ֣߳κεߵĹ޷˺ֺκιĵ߶ᱻԭɣѹ
һʥĹ֮У滺˫ۣЩ֮еĵ߿һۣһָ

Ҫ
Ҫ

һĲҽ֮УЩ֮еĵ߶ֱӻԭһûڡ
Щ֮еĵܹɱˣȻһλ¶п뿪ΪĵߡڵkֻǲȫĴڣԱ׵İڵԭ
㾹ȻΪСڿȥˣ
ɨǵһۣĿ䣬һ
һ̺ϢĿֲִǵݺץȥ
֮棬ҪɱңҲûôף
һĨâһ֣ĹѨֱӸ֡
֮ӿĿ
˫֮һֲޱȵʱԶסȥڡδֱϯȥ
һͷһͷĹѨ֮зɳֱȥ
һһЩͬһֱӺȥ
һ޵аĵΧ֮£вҲᱻֱشѹ
һ̺ϢĴһ֮ϣӡҫЩ鶼׾ٵѹӡ
һһոշɳͱǿֲޱȵĴɡ
һֲֻޱȵĴһ˵ķ磬ڵk𺧵Ŀ֮нkֱץС
һɺڶ΢΢һֱɡ
һ˲䣬һ޵аĵ߾Ѿɻҡ
һ֮ĹҲӡ֣һ¾𣬷С
Ч󣬾һ޵аĵߣҵԴҲ󡣳ܹһߣпٽһϧӵ֮ڣûһߵ
ͷ΢΢һǵ֮õĺô


1366 ѩŽ׵
֮ϻиǿĴڡһذָǵ˾֮ϵĿֲǿߡʿڵ֮УǿҲߣҲ֪ĸߵ֮б߸ǿĴڽʲôߵ֮УԻб㻹ҪǿֲĴڡ
ĸһ񣬹ΰ֮棡
ΰ֮棡
༸һۣҲֻܹһ
ԶԶʥ֮ϵĿֲڡͬҲԶԶڵ֮ϵĿֲڡ
ɨ˻ĸȵһ۵Ǽǿ꣬ң
֮棬֪ʵԶԶ֮ϣҪҳ첻κ˶ҳ
̫֮վñֱ˫֮ҫ̫⣬ӡҫһž޴ޱȵһǰݺײȥ
̫֮һ޵У޷ۣҲԲκ˳
һ˲䣬а֮һſа֮а֮΢΢һȣһڰ׵ŵkȥ
һħһ޾ħߵ߼Ԩħʬһ³֣ȥ
֮ĸһӣһϡϢĳ泲ֱӷɳǳ泲֮ӡҫһ±仯Ϊһ׸ߣͬ䳲һӵŻĳѨ
һͷһͷɢʥʿ׳ǳѨ֮зɳһɳһͷɢſʥʿ׳ֱȥ
Щ׳ûǣκһͷһʥʿĶ֡һͷ׳֣Χɱһߡ޵аĵвҲᱻ׳ֱӸɵ
ĳ泲֮ĸķɱﵣΪ֮λڱȷųֻΪ
֮ĸһ׳Ǹĳ泲֮󣬱һſʮԳᣬȥ
ǳ֮һ·ֽ⣬ǹȥ
ħһɢһ˷ķȥ
ȻǲԸңǾͳͳȥɣ
ƽһЦָָһ̫֮ȼѪ֮ݻγɵ̫֮ϡ
˲˼һĻˡ
ûκ̫֮仯ɵ̫һı飬ԴȪûڡ
ָܣ
һɺڶ֣֮һʥʿ׳һһ׻һʥ׳涼ֱӷɺڶ֮ڣһ˲䣬ͱһУҳ
һֲޱȵʱȻӿа֮桢֮ĸһħǳ֮ħһˢkΧʱһ»ݣԭĵط
һֲֿ׵ɺڶȻ֣޵аֱһӲĽ޵аɺڶ֮ڡ
棬ͬھɣ
а֮һɺڶ֮ڣһĨ֮ɫһŭ𣬷ȼڵѪ֮
һīɢһ˿˿ϢûìͷĳìȻɳһǣᴩɺڶȥ
֮ûõģʵ̫ӵ֮Ҳ޷ң
Ŀ䣬һ׾ٵĽһìסӡҫ׾ٵĽǳìѹӡ
֮Ը⡭
޵аĵɺڶ֮ҽУһʱ䣬ͳͳҽԴɴ
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ĸǼʶߵĿֲκһ߶޵һʱĿֲڡkȷʵҲҧ˹һߣ߽֮ǰ顣Իĸʵһ˴kһߵĶ֡
浭ĸֻʣˣǳ
ΰ֮棬Ը⳼ΪЧ
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һָһ֮γһöӡһ´ǻĸ֮ڡһֻҪһͷܹûĸãܡ
ʵԶԶ֮ϵߣ޷ƽĸ֮еӡ
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ҫĸͳ֮⡣濴ǱһĨϧ֮ɫ
֮Уӵ䣬๦ЧԽıһֱڣֱһȡ֮֮ߵĴ󱦿⡣
֮
֮棡
kΰ֮棡
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֮Уһ֣Щַͨһʥʿϵǿǿ棬жŸ֮ɫ
ڹȥȻ޵У޵аĵɵ֮֡󣬲޵У㲻˾
â΢΢һѩšʯŮ֮߳
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ѩһĨ֮ɫһͶĻУһЦڴ
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΢΢һЦָһһö޵аʹŮʵѩŵС
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ѩ֮һĨ˷֮ɫһգһöʹŮֱӻһޱȵûkڡ
Ҫҵͱҵķںϰɣ
ʹŮ֮Уһӿһɿֲޱȵ־ͼȡѩŵ塣
ѩȻǰ۷ĿֲڣҲ޷ѹסʹŮʵĿֲ־
һָѩŵü֮ϣһ֮ӳѩŵ֮ϣkһ±ÿֲޱȡ
Ѿˣ͹ˣ
ѩһ֮ͬһƥʹ֮һնʹŮʵ־֮ϣһʹŮʵ־նñ
ʹŮʵ־֮ʹŮӴ㱻ѩա
صӡ֣һɺޱߵĿֱֲѩŵ֮ڶ
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֮˽׵߳ɹˣ
ѩţk׳Ϊˣ
ʱڶ׵ߵˣȻǵk
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1367 һ˵õȮ
޾֮һûѩŵڡ
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ѩһ·֮Уȡ֮еıԴ֮ϵɱ
ѩ㹻ıԴ֮֮ʧ
ǹۣ֮гһɾŰپʮǳɵҫ֮
ҫ֮ӿǹ⣬һѩŵϣõk˵İ
ҫ֮ʧ֮һȾ޴ĿռŻֱӸ֡
صӡǿռŻ֮ӿûѩŵڡ
ѩô󣿾k֣̫ǳҲ󡣡
һöʹŮʵ಻򵥣ֻһ޵аʹŮʵࡣ
֮棬̫ˣ
ߣǿ£

ַͨһеǿǼһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
ѩΪʹŮ֣ȷʵнΪߵǱҲֻǱҪ׵߲֪ôҾ׵ߣҲһֻڵkȻ˵kĽǱʱ֮޵а
һɿֲޱȵĵѩŵ֮kͬһ޵еʹŮʣǹһ֮߳ǰг˻죺л磡
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ѩһתʯ֮д˽һɺޱߵĿֲ֮ʯϯȥ
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ʯ˻ʵ־ոճ֣һָʯüģһ˿֮һ𣬽ʯ˻ʵ־ֱ顣
صӡʯϸ֣˷ɢȥ
Բٴαȡһգ֮һֲޱȵ籩
֮Уһȵ֮ٴθ֡

ڶߣ
һΣʯ𣿡
ʲôʱ򣬽߱ôˣ

Զߵĸǿǿһȵ֮ţһĿɿڴԼ۾
ʯ΢΢һΣһȵ֮ǰһȭһȵ֮ϣһȵֱ֮Ӻ飬ڡ
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ߵȻܹ׵ǿ߽׵ߣǿ£
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ЩΧ۵ǿǼһĻһĨ֮ɫ
һ˵õȮ죡
Զһؾ֮еķ濴֮еһȿռŻһĨɬ֮ɫ
Ԥ֮һʱľ콾δ쵼֮һճһٻܷ棬ҴûֹͣǰĽŲеĻԵץУս㡣
ڣĺĲκһսѾԶԶڷ֮ϡ
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ºʿһȿռŻ֮һĨɬ֮ɫ
ѩŻʯºʵжһֵһᡣڵkǶ˶Ѿ׵ߣ󣬽Ǳº֮ϡ
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һָǡɫ֮֮һų޾貵Ĺâصӡҫ໥
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һԳɫȻ䣬ֱӷġɳĻһĨǿҵĲ֮ɫ
ǡɳĻ֪˽Գ۶ٴξʾ˵kûСɳĻk޷׵ߡ
У⡾ɳĻҵģûܹҵжֻҪߣҲûа취ضϹ
ԳһĨâһ㣬һɫӡûǡɳĻ֮ڡ
һɿֲޱȵϢǡɳĻ֮и֣ض˳ӣĨȥһ˵ĺۼ
ɫӡҫһɫӡǡɳĻ֮ϣǡɳĻӡ
ԳһץǡɳĻץУһɫĹâȥ
ӣǿϧһ
һ˿˿ҫ֮߳һĸŽԳۡ
ΰ֮棡
Գһ棬΢΢һһ񣬹
浭ϡɳĻҡҾ㲻
Գ۵ͷΰ֮棬ɳĻҵıΰߣͨ˰塣αҪһۼر
㶮ʲô̺֮˵İһͿԽ֮ڱصãȻ㲻ԸǾǵҵĵ·ȥˣ
Ŀ䣬һָǽԳ۵ȥ
һɲ֮䣬ָһ±仯Ϊһֲֻޱȵ֮ѹգŽԳ۵ȥ
ߣҪɱңҲûô򵥣
ԳһĨ׹⣬һ޴ޱȵĽɫſֲޱȵĵ˺Ѳ񷣬һǿֲޱȵ֮ȥ
̺֮ͬһ־һ㣬׾ٵĽǽɫ÷飬˳ưڽԳ۵ϣǽԳһ÷顣
һɺڶ֣Գֱɴ
һУԳ۵ֱرֱӷɳûУǡɳĻҲֱС
һصӡҫɳĻ֮ɫ֮֮໥һں


1368 ֮֮
Բ֮Уһһֲޱȵ籩޾ۣγһƬ׹ҫơ
ӡ֮зڹһһɢŵϢ֮Լ֡
ƣ
߶ɱ˵֮еơ
ħ۾Ҫһ֮ߵɱ
ѵһ֮Ҫ𣿡

һǿ߿֮һƬ̺ŻһƣһĨ֮ɫ
ƣΪҲŲ漰֮ơ֮޷һΪơ֮滹ǵ졣
ħ֮֮еƣһĨ֮ɫkͨһ֪ƳټرƳüӵн֮ǱĵۼرkȴƳӦ֮ıΪһkͱɡ
һֲޱȵ׹ҫһ׹ᴩһսìֱӴȥ
һսì־ľֻκε߼İᱻսì׹ᴩɷɻҡ
ʮλ֮⣬ʿ֮еκһλ涼ᱻһսìһ
Ǿ
ƾ춯صһ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣һУ׾پͽսìɡ
ɺڶ֮ӡâ΢΢һһսìͱ׵ɣޱȵûڡ
һֲޱȵɺڶһ˲ɵ֮ϣֲޱȵ֮һͽޱ޼ʵֱɡ
ƾôˣ
ƣûˣ
ǿƣɱߵƣôûˣ

ЩΧ۵ǿǿ֮пտһƬһĨãȻ֮ɫǿɱһߵĿֲڣЩǿ߱Ϊ滹ҪƼսٻغϣּ켸ҹȴû뵽ƾȻһͱˡ
ħ֮һĨ֮ɫһ̾߹Ȼǿޱȣ޷֮УѾûжٴڿ˵k
֮໥ںϣڼںϵһ˲䣬һɾ޴ų֮ӿųںϡ
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һĨâصӡ֣һָһӴޱȵ˺һû֮ڡ
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濴һͭġ֮һĨɡ
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֮⣬һ취Ǿȥնɱߣkǵ㱾ԴȡͿѩƣһ¥


1369 ڤµ
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һɿֲޱȵĵϢǿǳ֮и֣һ޾ѩ֮еԶűǿǳ֮߳Ӷһѩꪣǿֱֲնȥ

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ǿȥֻʮŮ֮֮һſһ磬С۵
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ڤµ֮еص˻Ὣ溣ϵǿնɱ˸û溣ǿ߸ȥڤµʥʿǿߣҲᱻڤµصնɱ
ÿһλڤΣճ̶ȶͬλڤ磬һ溣ǿ߾ͿԺаԵǲ֮λģ֮λڤҲ֮Σյĵط֮һ֮Ҳ޷ߵڤ
ǮӨӨʮֲң˵ˣû˵ʲôԡ
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1372 ڤ۳
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һڤɫȻ䣬һĨ֮ɫ˻ߵؽе
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һֻƣһĨ֮ɫһڲ֪ʲô硣ӵkŹ̺֮ŵǵk֮нɱ˲ĴڣԶ֪ߡӵ˵־ܹɱ
ǹڤ۵ı֮Уһֻ֮⣬Ҳûʲôֵ澪ȵĶ
ƽѹ˹ڤ۵ı֮һͬʵѹ˻ڤۡʬڤ۵ı⣬ޱȵĲϣ˼Ѿ˵ĵرǼĵرҲƵİ˼սصĲϡ
ڤԴ֮չޣҲڤջ۵֮ءڤʥءء
ڤԴһ߼ʣڤ֮ˮĵطŨǧֹڤԴ֮Уһڤ֮ˮͿһʧȥ䣬ٵڤ֮ˮͿԽһߵϴɰֽ
ڤԴԵһ˿˿ҫڤ۴֮߳
ڤԴ
濴ǺޱߣſֲڤڤԴһĨ֮ɫһ㣬һâûڤԴ֮ڣһֻ֣ҪڤԴĺˮץ
һֻһڤԴĺˮֱӱֽʧ
ϣڤԴĺˮӵзֽһеĿֲֻڤԴƯڤԴʯƶɵıܹء
ڤȡһָֻСʯƿݸ档
ԭˣ
潫ʯƿӹֱһ˫֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡ
ʯƿ̺֮һȻ׽kһ㣬һâֱӻһ޴ʯڤԴĺˮֱץ𣬷ɵǰ
ⶼУ
׵kڤۣڤۣ
ߣȻǿ̶ȣ
ڤжһĨ֮ɫΪڤۣkǿ׵ĵκһڤӵѹˡڤԴĺˮһζԵҪء
ڤǵڤԴ֮УҲᱻڤԴĺˮֽ⣬ֱ䡣Ȼʮ֮ڤٴεµڤۡ
һĨâڤԴߵڤԴ֮УûеֿרŵķҲᱻֱϴȥӡǣڤԴֱӷֽ⡣ǽ֮еĽأ˴ʿʵ۶ṳ̂ؽء
ڤۻϣ˶۳һڤ֣ҲֻܹﵽڤԴеڤԴǿȥˡ


1374 ˫
΢΢ͷ
ڤֳһڤȨȣĬģӡ֣ûڤȨ֮ڡ
һڤȨһųصӡһӡĹǴڤԴ֮ڡ
һһҹǴ˫֮ӡҫһҹǴӡϢϵı仯
ڤһĨ֮ɫȻڲڤĹɣǿ£֮棬̫ˣ
ڤҲֻǽӡڵk֮еļԼڤȨܹܲ仯ԺڤԴĹǴkҲ޷һŷԭ
澹ȻڽһҹǴĹ죬һܹɵʩչͬķҲʿǿ֮
֮棬ǿ£
ڤۡʬڤڤһۣͬһĨ֮ɫ
һ·֮ϣڤۡʬڤڤҲ׷ʩչֱٻڤŵִһС
ϣڤԴеҲڤĺʥ֮һ
һ̤ڤԴеڤΪܵ
ΧȥֻڤԴе֮ϣһſŨڤϢڤ֮ϡ
ڤ֮ϣһſħħȸֳĹʵ
ڤ۽ޱȵЩڤԴеڤԴ֮κһڤԴֱܹ֮תΪڤǿߡ磬Ǽֵǣľ
㣬κǿ߶ԪľΣա˵֮⣬κ˶̷ڤԴ֮תΪڤǿߣٻһ
ԪľǿΪ˻һڤԴ֮ϧκδۡ
ڤԴ֮Ҳڤ֮Ϊز֮һ
ɨڤԴ֮һۣĽõһЩʵժ£ŵȥ
ڤԴ޾ڤƣ·һűƵ֮˻Ұɫ
ڤԴȴһ͹İɫâ֮С
һɫâ֮УһƬдеĲݵأɫĲݵ֮УʮɫС
ʮɫСÿһ䶼л˫֮ޱȵӡ
ڤۻÿŻᵮһľ滨ֻҪһ˿ӡϢڣɢ׹ڤ֮ǧ˶ܹٴ䡣
ߵֶ죬һ˱ûɢҲֶν˸һڼʮǰѾ˴ûɢ׹ڤ֮УǿҲ޷
Ψһͻɢ֮ľֻҪһ˫ڣܹ֮ʩչطԼٴ
Ǻñ
һĨâһָʮ֮Уһ·ɳС
ֱӷɳһһֱ˹ڤۡڤۡʬڤڤ۵С
ڤԴе֮Уӵ汦ڤ۲ϣǧû֡Żʮ˫䣬ͱkǲժɾˡ
ӻֵˣǿԻȥˣ
ڤɫϣѵҪڤԴǴû˽һǺУҲᱻϴȥһм䣬Ȼڤ֮ˮʴֽ⡣ǵڤҲ޷ڤԴС
˼
ڤۡʬڤһۿȰ
ۻڤۡʬڤôԹ棬ʱҲұ¶һ˿һڤ֣ڤȨȫһսҲֻڤ۱ɱ
浭ΪûȥҲȥ֮УܹҸȤĶࡣڤԴ֮һǲȰˣȥɣ
ǣϣ
ڤΣֻܹʩչٻڤ뿪ڤԴе
˵ʾڤԴԻþ޴ĺôȻҲž޴ΣգвҲΣաȤ֮󣬻ǵһԤס
ڤԴеĺߣ˫һ¸ֳ̺˰ӡһ˿˿˵ϢΧơ
ʿ֮У߾Ѿλ涥Ŀֲڡ֮ս㲻޷ԽĿֲڡ
֮УܹвĴںͻ֮١ܹͬΪıҲ֮١
ҲѾʱһƿǾʵûʲôһڵʵ̫
ڤԴȻΣգҲдѾȨվڤԴ
ǽʿڵ棬־ܹѹԷȻܹҪȴվսĻһս
ҲѾֹͣ˶ʿ͸Ϊӵ֮֮Լ֮Уһܹͨ˵ļϸ̽ͳͳҳֱɱ
ԴƳ֮֮󣬹ǿ߾ֻʣһѡǾںϵʱ򣬷վսһսԾɱ档
κһ涼η壬սʤԷİա֣ʤҲߡ
ڤԴıԵվһᣬһָӴޱȵԭһӿ̺ڤϢӡڤԴ֮γһڤȨڤһģһڤ
һԾڤ֮ϣڤ޷ԶڤԴȥ
һڤոտʮһɿֲޱȵķֽ֮ڤԴ֮ӿһĽڤֽ⡣
ڤȫֽһ˲䣬һָԭһһɻڤȨ۳ڤֱӸ֡
һڤٴ˶ʮ֮Ҳʼֱӷֽ⡣
ʬڤ۵ڤҲֱӸ֣ǰС
ڤ۵ڤ֣ڤԴкپʮ
ڤе߰ʱڤ۵ڤһڤԴ֮У㱻ֱӷֽ⣬ʧ
ڤԴ֮УȻһڣһ𳤴ף֮ԼһֺɫʯͷɵڤȻɳӶһֱ֣Ӻȥ
һͷڤһڤԴΪ֮ڣֲޱȵڤԴˮγˣֽһСһУϯȥ
һûвڤķ򣬾ԵסһҼȻ˵أѾڤ編˼¡ҳ֣Ҳֻǰװˣ
΢΢һЦһĨɭޱȵɱһ㣬ӡҫĽγһڤ
һӣһɿֲޱȵڤ֮ڤԴˮһӲĽڤԴˮֱѹ
һץһֻᴩȥڡδ㲻ĴֱӸ֣һͷڤһץֱӽһͷڤץС
һӡӿһڤ޵֮ϣͷڤֱѹӡ
ڤԴ֮Уһˮڣһһɢſֲޱȵڤ޴Ӻи֣Ķ棬ŷɱ⡣


1375 ڤ־
ȥ
뿪


ЩڤԴ֮еڤڤ籾Դ־֮£һֲޱȵƬ֮𵴡
ڤ޵룬һͷڤޣײޱȵĹâȴһĨɵ֮ɫ
̫ˡҴ𣿡
浭ȻһЦָһţµڤ֮ͬЩڤֱӳȥ
Щڤâʩչ츳طڤԴ֮еˣѹȥ
ڤۣǺ˳ˢҲᱻʴһ̯ŧˮ
һɿֲ׵֮֮бһ֣һֻ˺ѲִݺݵЩڤ޵ϡ
Щ׺׵ڤ޶һֲֻޱȵĴֱѹ޷
𣡣
һͷڤâһһ·һ춯صŭֲ֮ޱȵĳͬɽһһֲֻĴֳȥ
ڤԴγɵĳһһֲֻ֮ϣֱӽһֲֻĴֱ顣
һĨâȻܹȥҵķ˲𣡣
ͷڤâһصӡҫһɺޱߣ·ܹѹصڤ־һ¸ڵkϡ
ڤԴ·һ㣬ͷڤΪģһصĿֲȻֱϯȥ
ҪңǾ͸ȥɣ
âһţһУһս֣֮ꪸһնһ̺ϢѹأһеĿֲܵâһֱնȥ
һֲޱȵâֱն֮еڤ־֮ϣһشڤԴڤ־
ڤ綼Ϊ֮𶯡
ڤһ̧ͷһĨ֮ɫڤ־ܴˣҵҲ½ˣ
ڤһĨ𺧣֮棬Ȼܹشڤ־̫ˣ
ʬڤһ֮̾棡ǿ£
ڤ˵ڤ־һеԴͷҲǵkԴȪȫɶԿ澹Ȼܹشڤ־ֱ˷˼
һڤԴڤ־ش֮󣬸ӵķһһеȻڣһӲĽֱ˽ȥ
һн֮޾ڤ編򣬻һڤ˿ߣƶȥ
һޱȵڤ˿ֱӸ֣Ĳ棬ڤԴֱȥ
һֲޱȵֽ֮ϣͼֽ⣬ϴеļ䡣
һɺޱߵ֮ӿӡҫ߻ƣػסꡣ
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һӴޱȵĦʯ֮ӿû˫֮ڡ
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ӡոۣһɺޱߵΰֱӱͼӡֱӻ顣
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˫֮Уޱȵڤӡһͣһɺޱߣ޾˲䱬һУѹһС
ǻ̺ڤ־Ŀֲڤ˿ҲֱɣЩ̺ڤ־ڤ˿ͬ˹һ㣬׷ɢһޱȵʧ
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һĨâһָһӴޱȵ֮ȻЩڤһ
Щڤޱ֮һֱճһγһȻѸСûУkֱӷӡ
һâ΢΢һ𣬴ڤԴֱ֮ԾӡҫһڤĽ£ڤԴжȥ
һĨڴ֮ɫڤ־ԳҡڤӦкñǸطǴʱ򣬾û˽ȥ
ʿѾ֮꣬УĵرѾȡߡΨڤ߶ûеִ
һΣ㹻ǿ󣬽ڤ۽֮󣬲ڤ塣ֻҲᱻڤ־ѹڤ֮гΪڤһ֡
ڤһ·УڤԴ֮ʮһ·֮Ϸƽ˾Щʧ
Щڤ޵ʬ嶼õıÿնɱһͷ涼ܹþ޴档
һСڤԴı߽֮ϣڤԴı߽֮ϣһ͸ľڣһС
澧ڣڵһߣһ档ϧҵܻ澧ڣ
濴һ͸ľһֱۣӵһС
һС󣬽ֻзԲһٹС֮ϣȴһ֮ʱӵлϢ
񻨣ʮŻһ仨һ񻨣ͿԽѪתΪѪȻ˵ı
СһۣһĨâֻһɫɵ񻨾һƬݴ֮У֮һֻССˣɢ֮Ŀֲǡ
ԭʯԷԭʯ
̫ÿһŹʵԻһ̫

С֮ϴУһޱȵĳֲޱȵɡ
С֮ϣһݶѰ챦߶Ϊ֮ġһʯͷǶĵۼرϡ
Ħʯôһ飡
һߵС룬ͿһˮͰСĦʯڵϡ۾΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
֮ǰõĦʯȭͷСһˮͰСĦʯһֽ⣬ͿԻʮϣ׼СĦʯ
ĶһĦʯ˷֮ɫһĦʯҾͿ˼أһڤ֮У׬ˣ
֮ǻ۳Ѿݳûݳİ˼ءֻиûư˼صĲϡ
ڵõôһĦʯټһС֮ϵĸֶʯ潫ٴνΪ˼ء
õһĦʯ֮ʮ˷ܣС֮еѰңȻҵıͿʯȴҲûзͬĦʯԴʵľ䡣
С֮ѹһ󣬸һЩҩֱ֮뿪ڤԴ
֮λɻʳһصĹ㳡֮ڡ
Ҫ
ָһװоƽƽķɵ֮С
лϣܹӣһΪĲ£ѡ
֮ʮּĽӹװУһ񣬳м


1376 
֮СȡһֱӴӵk֮зɳ򿪣һƬȾѪ½Ƿɵǰ
֮һĨâſһ磬һ̺ŵkӴ֮ľѪһûһ֮ڡ
һ֮ľѪԼkһ˿лһųصӡ
һڤӰֱ֮Ӹ֣ᴩȥڡδ
ڤӰϵĻݹȥӳһУճ֮һĻ
һڤ־˷ȥһ֮Ӿϴ֮֮вϵķһ֮ϡ
صӡҫһ޳ȻȴҲʮƯŮ˻֮ۡ
䣡
ͬһľͷһ֮˫һ΢΢ţ˫ֽһӺ֮м˳ϸ½һ顣
һŭѣ
֮Ҳ̫ľƻЩƲסԼ
һĨ֮ɫһ֣
һԵħ֮ʼһΪȻ޸дû֮ר飬㻹ҶԶԶȲϡȻҲ벻ͨһŮʲôõġ
磡
һӰ˫֮һĨãȻãȻȫʧ֮֮ת
֮һָһţһ°ȻɳһһӰϡ
ʥĹâҫһ°ͽ˽ȥ
һʥϢĹâ°֮ҫ°һţǻһһɫȹŮӣ֮еĶ䡣
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롢Ŀ꣬ڵõʵ֡ס֮ļһ±kϢһ½ڽøӵǿ
ħ֮Ц֮ǿΪֻµĴС
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ħ֮Ŀһۣ΢΢һЦȷʵǼᶨ֮Уһ
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оâһӡҫһָӴޱȵ֮ͬɽһûһ޴Ļ֮ڡ
Ӵޱȵ֮һ޴Ļ֮ŵӡҲһĳ͡
ҹ֮һӡҲֱӳ͡
һӡ֮󣬷Բǧ֮Уһһֲޱȵ籩
Ӵޱȵڤڤ֮еĹǣ֮£Ų֮λ۶ȥ
ʲô
׷ʲô飿
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֮µ֮
֮棬ȻƳ֮
ǧ궼ܹƳҲ̫֮ˣ

һ֮Уʥʿϵǿ߶һĿ߻۶
ʿڵǳһ߾ѾǼޡҲܵһߡ
ֳԽ˵ߵֻȫµ֮ŻӵС
֮֮Ȼﵽ̶ֳȡߣȻӸַ涼ԶԶԽǣ
ħ֮һƣһĨ֮ɫһ̾
ħ֮ţڵ֮ʱ򣬾˼֮ϵȻȲħ֮֮ǻ۴ѧϰһѧͻᣬʱѾԶԶħ֮ϡ
ȫ˵ߵĿֲڣ֮ѧϰĲҲر
֮棡
һ֮ڣ֮§Ŷ䣬һĨ֮ɫһ̾
κһ߶㡣֮һĿǸԼӶ䣬һĿǽ㡣
֮ûκΰܹսʤ棬ѡЭΪЧֻܹԼӡ
ü΢΢һ壬֮һĨ֮ɫס֮Ĵ֣磡
֮Ҳһ޵аǿߣʳҲһ𲻻׸ʾµۡʮֵĵk֮⡣
־Ӳĺ֮ѣȻkд塣ҲԲ顣
֮ȻһЦ§ס˶䣬飺Ȼ޷㣬ЩźֻҪһ֮λʲô
佫ͷ֮У磺ţֻҪһٹȥǾͺúõ棬
֮Цã
֮λ֮ϣƷڣ׵֮ڶλ·һ±仯Ϊһ硣
ƣ
ÿµƣ
Ʊ֮֮ʱƻҪ£
֮µƳʲô֮ôôֲ

֮λ֮УɻʳԼǿǿգǷڹƣжһĨ֮ɫ
һ֮۳Ʊ֮͵ʱҪֲٱϡ˵Ƴ֮ԶԶ֮
ܺã׵
֮֮߳һƬֲޱȵƣϲɫһץһֻ·ԹᴩĿֱֲ֮еֱץȥ
ֲӡҫһӡ֮дȥ
ڤڤǣ֮£֮λƶӡãǣûһֲޱȵĴ֮ϣһſֲޱȵ
һ֣һֲޱȵûһ˼֮ڡ


1377 װ˼
Ȼˣ
֮棡
֮׾kȥˣ
køǿˣ

һǿߵĿ⿴֮еƬʧжһĨ֮ɫ
ƿǿɱߵĿֲڣĿֲȴ׵ѹӡǰ˼ؽԳĿֲ
һ˼عâҫһӡ֮϶ֳһ˿˿Ϣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ҧ⣬һޱȵľѪһûǰ˼֮ڡ
һ˼һѪеӡ⻪ҫɢһԲϾȱ㲻Ϣһ´ǰ˼֮ӿ
һ˼ش򿪣ǻ֮оŵһ˫ۣһ㲻޵еϢӵk֮л
л֮
һǰϥ£֮֮ɫ
ӰǼ֮һĻ֮ҲһĨĽ֮ɫ
΢΢һЦҿһ
ǣ
Ŀһۣ˫֮һ¸ֳصӡӴޱȵ˲䴫Ժ֮С
һ˿˿âҫµʮʥͽֱӸ֣ǰ
ʮʥͽ϶ɢ޵а߼Ŀֲ
ʮʥͽֱ£Ҳǵk㡣һ֮󣬵kǾҲ˾޴ޱȵĺôκһʵѾӰǼ
ϽƽޣԴͨϵĻеޡ
̽󣬿̽άڵķ
Դޣȡ汾ԴĻеޡ
е񳲣ģ񳲿Ļеսλ׻е񳲣սݣͨߡ

һһֲֿĻеޡսԺ֮С
е֮У˵ΪҪľǺϽƽԼԴֻеޡ
֮Ȼ㲻Ԫ֮м޾Ҫһȴͬǧѡ
֪ͨĸ鱨ҪףΨз֮սһ֮սȡӶһıԴпܽס
֮⣬ֻǰĪ⣬ûһ˿ۼֻ߿Ĵ档
濴һ³ֵսһĨâγȸܼ̫Σգҿʼ̽γȵܼ棡ܹɼγȵܼ档Ϳаٷ֮ٵİջܹߣ
κһߵĸ֪֮Уһ漸޾ޱ߼ʡ
֮󣬾ܹӦıԵڡ
ıԵ߶澧ڰţ澧κǿڵĽ١
澧֮⣬ǲͬάȵʱ
һ͸ܼĲͬڲͬάȵʱ֮С
ʿߣһǲͬάȵʱ֮Уûһ꣬Ҳʧ䡣
¡
һ춯صľ֮У涼Ϊ֮һ
һĨâϣˣ
һܼ汣ԼǿֶΡһſκǿڶ޷뱾棬ñԻýͳɳʱ䡣
ͬϵſҪĴ汾ԴֹſһſʱﵽһֵͲò涼Ὺʼή
ܹ֮һ·㣬һֻ־֣Ƽᾧ֮⡣ҪһԭǱ־ҲҪ㣬һߡ
ǰ˼Ƴɹ֮־Ҳ޷֧ţֱӱ
ϱˣ
ô
ôʱ򣡣
з磡
һս״̬

ʿ֮Уӵʥʿػһ˲ϱЩʼֺ֣ս״̬֮С
ħ֮֮һѹԶһĨ֮ɫϱˣսɱˣ
֮һ̾Ŀ˶һ۵䣬ҪȥɱˣҪػǵļ԰ң
䱧֮˵kһڣü֮Ż᣺ţһ㡣ˣҲԣҪӦң
ʿ֮УŮơŮʿ֮УòҲֻܹϳˣǾɫ֮İȴ纣
һģ
֮˶һڣ¶һ˿Ц⣬һɰԵţ޵ʿʵ۵ķɡ
ϱ֮֮Ľ޾ֱʧ·Ϊһ塣
ʿڵڵȻһģʱάһŤңǹͻأĳһƬ֮С
ںϣڷš
ʥϵǿ߶ĸоܼĽţkǳ֮øӵס
ˣ
սʼˣ
ܹٸǸκηӦʱ䣡
ɱkǣ

һֻһֻӴޱȵĽӴӹ֮зɳʿڵ֮зȥ
һһ񳲴Ӹطɳ̩ɽѹ֮ƣʿڵȥ
ڵÿһ򶼷ɳһʮ񳲡񳲡
һɳİʮ񳲣ſ񳲣񳲹֮£ɻʳܲȥ
һսɻʳ˶κɻʳͬսˣΪǵĵˣǾԲЩ˵Ͷ
κιɻʳˣΪǵѡԼ棬ȥ
ֿ
кâһףƬ֮вϵţӿ
ϱ֮ɾͽһĹѾںϣ֮УҲԶȨܣkǵĻעÿһʥʿԺ֮С
ߣֻ֮һˣ̫󣡣Ͷϲߣ
֮澹ȻɱһǿߣһƺڵkıӦڵˣ
ΧɻʳضֵסͶϲߡ֮棬лˡڣҲδػǵͶ
֮棬㾹Ȼȫ壬ֶβ̺ݶһΣҲҪɻʳѪ𣬽һͳͳݻ٣ийصͳͳ
ҵ˺þˣˣ

ʿڵ֮Уʥ߱ӻϵ嶼ڵһʱ䣬ѡ񳼷棬ɳһ֮еľ֣ǰȥΪǿЧ
ս֮Уʤߵһضʧߵһдϴʧһʥʿϵǿ߾ԻᱻնɱһԵҲҪԷǷ׷ɱ


1378 ȷ
֮ߡ
֮һҫ֮֮߳񳲴ǰ
һ֮зɳ֮ϡ
֮Ϲâ΢΢һһ³һޱȵ֮ڡ
ڲһ֮У߶֮ϣɢſֲޱȵ㲨
֮ڵ֮ǰкιɣ
֮΢΢һЦΰ֮£ǰϣܹӪһѣͬ˼
˫֮һ¸ֳӡγɵ飬ɢŹޱȵ⣬һ֮ϡ
ǹޱȵ֮£ֱ֮ӱ˸͸
涯á۵ߡҲӲ۵֮䡣
浱۵ߡɱǿУһһӶЩƸ
Դӽ֮󣬾ѾǹоҲʮֵαװΪk׽ˣǰɱkǡ
֮üͷ΢΢һ壬ȻƾǹԼ䡣
ۺܿջ֮⣬΢΢ͷ
֮ԣͶ̫ˣж֤Ƕǵҳϡ
ڲ֮λ渴֮ǰһʥʿͶȫù߻衣ڲ֮֮ǰһͶԸֲkΪ֮µĵһˡ
Ѿ飬Ѿս׶ΣһѾ޷ΪӰսֵĹؼ
һӵֵ߽ս֮УҲֻܹΪѹյһݡ
ҲΪ˾ʿĵֿŻнѡ
֮΢΢һЦģҵǶԸΪλ·һСԸ䵱ɻʳȷ档
һĨ͵ã֮ɵƯʥ֮һλ
֮սУضڻ䡣ǵһݶӵڻҾЩͶǿߡ
л£ȥ֣֯ɻʳ
֮һһâҫԭʧ
֮˪һĨ֮ɫЦһ߾ȻҲᱳԼ棬޴
֮侲ԼȻԶҲ޷㣬ٿԱȫʶʱΪܣûЩˣҪ̲滹ҪһЩֽš
ǵĹâûûЩˣҪ̲棬໨һЩ߶һЩˣĵ˾ͻһЩǵʤͻһ˿ңһս֮󣬵kҲ̫˻¡
֮˪֮һۣҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ֶ֮ξˣܿͽЩͶǿһ
һֲֻֻޱȵĽӣŲ֮λڵȥ
һޱȵĹ֮ڣһſޱȵԲγǳĶˣֱ֮֮а֮
Բγһٶʥϵǿߡ
֮â֮kǴǰǲ⣬Ҫǵڻңȥk˵˵ҪͬȵĴ
ǿߵĿҲ֮ϣkǶʮǿõkȷ棬Ϊõkǵڻҡ
֮һλӵߣһսضܹʤǲ㹻ô棿λѾǱ䵱ȷ棬Ϊ·
ǿŴԣҲ΢΢һһĬkҲףһ뵽Ҫɻʳkǵжӿһ˿˿⡣
а֮֮ô죿kڣȥ٣ֻ·һ
ÿһһ֮ǿߡǹûߣֻҪķһʱ䣬ȫԽʥʿϵĴͳͳɱ
֮ǿ߾һҲһֻɱ
֮һĨǵĹâ֮ҪԸ£ûԸǡһ֮䡣֮ǺķԸǣǵkһ˿սʤµϣûСkôˣȻὫķǵϡ
ƽʱֻҪĲٷ֮ҵԭͿɽ֮ȷȫѹǰٷ֮ҵԭֻҪһСʱܹȫָ
ս֮Уһʧ˰ٷ֮ԭͻпܳΪkİ
ǿ΢һԴʿ֮󣬳ΪǿجΡǹǿѹ棬kǸΪС
Ȼ֮䣬ɸγɵӴ󽢶ӵΧһһֲޱȵĹֱӺͬһǽ֮С
¡¡¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһһҵսֱӱը÷飬һɽǴֱӱ
һᴩġڡֱ˺Ѳ񷣬һ֮ȵڵָӲڡ
һɲ֮䣬һֵĸַ綼һ˲ȫǡڡĹֱɡ
һâҫĹһк֮ϣһߺɻҽ
ҫһֻĻеŴ֮зɳһֻʿѾɵȷȥ
һֻʿѾ֮һ±شٱӴޱȵĻеΧ˲ء
˭Ȼ͵Ϯң
һߴӴޱȵɽȻ֮УһӴޱȵɽӾ޴ޱȣһͷ­һâǶ֮
֮㻹޴ͬѾȫߡֻһǰ̫޴ˣ
һЦ֮ħ֮֮߳ЦĶŶ֮
ħ֮
֮һħ֮ʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
˴ʿʵ֮У޵аĵߡħ֮µһ𣬵kӵرһǿʿ
쵰
֮ӴޱΧһɨ͸Ӧ֮а֮Ѿߣkһʱɫ䣬ƿڴ
ˣȥˣ
ħ֮΢΢һЦһ֣һӡ貹âۼرȻɳһޱȵĹâǶֱ֮Ӻȥ
ǡ֮һų⣬Ƕ֮ȥ
ǡħ֮һƹȹƶɵرѹǿЧ

֮ɫ䣬Ĺ֮ڣӶ޴ֱӴǡ֮С
¡
Ƕ֮һ˲ͱǡѹסǾ޴֧ţֵ⡣


1379 ȷ
ħ֮΢΢һЦһ֣һֱ߱ӷɳͬһ㣬һ˲ʹǶ֮档
ӡڶ֮֮һ˲ͽǶֱ֮ѹ
ǡ֮һųһ˿˿Ĺ⣬Ƕ֮һǶ֮ˡ֮ڡ
ҵˣ
ħ֮΢΢һЦһ»ʧ
֮УһɫĻ˿Ȼ֣ߵа֮һ
˿ĸ
а֮һһ˿ʱɫ䣬ſһ磬һſԷһУһеаֱǻ˿ȥ
һа֮󲿷ֵĻ˿ֱӵȼա
а֮һӦվһ˿ʮ˿һ´˵k֮ϡ
ǻ˿ͬһ㣬а֮Ļ磬ûа֮ۼ֮ڡ
һֲޱȵĻ붾ԴԴϵӿа֮ڡ
ǻ붾ʴ֮£а֮΢΢һͬˮһȴ
һɲ֮䣬Ļ˿ֱӷɳͬˮһ㣬а֮ڡ
ͷа֮岻ϵĲϵа֮ǻ붾ʴѹ
ԸޣǵĻĸָ֮߳һţ˿а֮kȥ
һͷǳа֮Żĸȥ岻СС˰ƴС
һߣһ̺֮ġսȻ֮и֣֮ݺݵնȥ
ǡսվһˣ޵һʱ֮
̺֮ſֲ֮ľһ޿ɱܡ
Ҫɱңûôף
֮һҧһ¸ֳһһصĹӰһ̺ħĹɽֱӷɳ
ħǹɽ֮аһħǹɽ֮һ߳˫һצǡսݺץȥ
ħӰħı֣һëȻħ֮
ƬһңϵĲ
һ˺Ѳġսһնħצ֮ϡһֲ׵ĸâֱӱնħצ֮ϡ
ħħ֮צ޼᲻ݣߵҲܹᴩ֮ʴ֮£ÿήһ˲ֱӱ
ǿնɱһĸâ˳ն£ӲĽħĲֱնأҽ
¡
֮Ӷսͬһٵأѹ޵аһնħɽ֮ϣһصľ޴
ħɽ΢΢һȻֱӱ顣
һĿֱֲӱħɽ֮ڵС˲ħҲֱ飬飬·ɽ
Ӵޱȵ֮ħӿû֮ġս档
ս֮·۳ĽᾧնɱԽǿߣͻԽǿܹնɱϵߣߵܹ֮
һ˲䣬֮ѾԭʧӰ١
֮ԶĿһֱۣӻʧ
ס֣Ҫɱˣ
ͶҪɱˣ
һ

ЩɻʳȷǱս˷Χɱţǿ߷ͶֻЩսȴ飬ĽɱЩǿߡ
˪ˣ֣ȵkһ
֮һصǹӪ֮Уֱҵ˱˪֮˪˪ҲһιǰĴԪ˧
˪һЦΪʲôҪȵkǣkǵãֻΪڻңɻʳԽԽã
֮ʱӿһ˿˿ˣkǿɶΪЧҳ
˪һЦ֮һսܼ֮ضһսԽ࣬ԽࡣǲܹԽǿһ˿ĿܡԣkԽԽá
˪ɨ֮һۣkǼȻͶǹ棬ȻԵkǳֻ֡Ҫkܹȥǻʵµĳŵǰǣkܹȥ֮һˣӦ֪ô
֮ȻһЦնǣһ취õkȥ
֮˵ҪľֻеkһˡʿЩѾÿԳΪkĽ֮ףȡǿߵκ͹ѫ
˪ĵͷĿƬս
ǹǿ߶һϷʵĿʿ֮ɻʳĻеɱЩѾ
Ϊʲôǣ
ǣ
ͳͳ

ЩѾ֮һ´Թޱȵ֮ЩѾҲʩչط˷ȥ
ռ׸֣ƬշӡӴޱȵĻеŽЩѾһնɱƬնȾѪɫ
֣
ЩѾȫ֮ǰ˪
ʮ弶һųصĹâĽ񳲡񳲡ֱںһһ±仯Ϊʮͷı
ʮͷ񷣬ɢſֲϢıſһ磬һԱĿֲϢ֮еĻеһ
Ϣ֮ǻе֮еս˶һ֮޷
ʮͷһжʮվ˱ֱӱ⣬񡣵kǵƻԶͨĵߡ
һǼ޾Ļеһ˷ȥ
һսҲһâԶȥ
˪ɨ֮һ۵֮
ǣ
֮һҧһɫĹâǻеڵķȥ
¡¡¡
ʧȥ˵ߵػӴս֮Уͬһ飬ֱըѿ
һ·Ų֮λܲ۶ȥ
λ֮Уĵ߷Ĺʿλ棬һһӵǻλ汻ǹĵߴݻ١
ʿĵҲȳĵɱһ
ÿһ죬֮жڼƵǻ䡣
ʿ֮УҲǿǱڵɱһǻ顣ƻŹŹսǱϣܹһʱ䡣
սΪɡ
桢Լ߶ûг֣Ŀǿ֮ɱȴվսĵ
ʿ̱ԶԶȲϹ棬ǾЩľӪǿսˡ֮£Щս´󹦣նɱ˹ǿߡ
ĸħ֮֮޵аĵҲ֮սһһĵնɱ
Ǳ鲼ԾҲ˴󹦣ɻʳľſԼбѸٵͶ䵽һս֮ϣƱ˼
ǲϵļս֮Уǿһʿڵб


1380 ս
ܼȻʿҪܼ֮߰ΪԴߵƿ֮СЩܹĸħ֮֮ĵ֮١
ĵ࣬Ծŵ֮£ȴһָΧֱɱϵ䡣
֮Ȼ£ֻ֮ˣʲôʱܹƳɹ
һ񳲹֮ڣָһţһսȰʥǿߵ߼ս˱㸡ڵk֮С
һٶܰʥ߼ս˹˹ڵ򣬽һݻ٣ɱڹǻһܾǱһ߼սˡ
֮Ŀ΢΢˸ֻ˵ĽṹϡϵͳоƬҶѾҪͶ׶ΣҪʮʱ⡣ǵĿƼϵɻʳȫͬҲȱɻʳĺĿƼЧҲֻܹﵽɻʳ60%
ÿһ߶ӵгǻֲۣޱȵѧϰ
Щʥսһ֮Уk׵Ľǰʥս˵ĸֽṹ
֮ҪǰʥսҲʮɣʥսҲʲô¡ҪսˣǿkҲʮ԰쵽
ܹ֮йĵĻܣkҲڶʱ֮ڣԽսˡ
֮˪һЦնϧ֮սʤĹؼ֮սְɣҪٸʱˣ
۵Ҳ΢΢ͷ
֮սУʤľ֮սһһսܣǸͻΪսܵһ
֮ǰһʿľٶΪʿĵ̣ʿڵ޷ߣһСߡ
ճļƻͳͳ飬ս㣬߶ɵѣʹСֶΡ

֮кâһָһţصӡһ´ӵk֮зɳһƬ֮֮һ
֮֮£ڵĽһһԾ޴ޱȵĳ
ǹһϳ򣬶ʱһŤʱ֮Сһ˫΢΢һȣӱȫʧ
һ֮䣬ǹӱڲ֮λΧǿա
˲Խ꣬һù˲֮꣬յ
һƬΧǿ֮Уһҫصӡ仯Ϊһ񳲾޹֣Ų֮λΧǿյһſŻеҪֱӹȥ
֮ĿֲЩɻʳĻеҪӦһģһͱľŴݻһǧš
ֻǲ֮λʱѾ澭ӪΪɻʳϳǳһĻеҪ
ЩеҪһ˷ϵͳֹͬһ㣬ǹǿߺȥ
¡¡¡
޴ıը֮ڶһһŻеҪըɷ飬ͬҲһſ񳲱ڻ˺Ƭ
ʥߺ͵ǶƬΧǿ֮зɱš
ձһ޴ĶѨ
սγһƬеĺƬ֮ǿɱ
Ѫе顢Ƶ鲼棬ÿһ̶ǿսÿһҲս˱Ƭ
˪ÿһ޵аĵߣkҲսĸħ֮֮ѩšʯǿߵס
ʮʥдĵԼصĵӰǼºʵȵɱһ
ʱʱͻе䡣
֮УһѪƮƵûֹͣ
֮棬Ͷɣһˣ˵Ķ֣ԸͶǿˡǶȥ
һɺޱߵϢȻ۴֮߳һģһֻ̺֮Ŀֲʯѩǿֱץȥɱ
ʯѩǿһһֻ̺֮·ѹĿֲ֣ʱɫ䡣ʱkǱǲǣƣסһ
ۣϾһߣȻ֣߳ԴСǲҪ
һӲ֮λ֮дһ̺ΰѹ˻ĵĿֲָһ´һֻ֮ϣĴֱӱ顣
ǿ֮ײһγһɿֲޱȵ籩
籩֮Բʮ֮ڣеʥߵǿ߶ֱӴ磬ǿֱӴ
Ŀ˸֮һսʤһܵκǴ𡣡
â΢΢һ֮֮˪Ҳֱ۵ߡ
ɿѹĿֲϢߵ֮ϯķ
ʤ
۱޵У
֮޵У
֮˪޵У

һǿߵʿ𣬷һ˷ޱȵĺ֮
һ֣ζվս١
ӵߣôʤһЩ
ĸüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫߣڳˣ
ħ֮Ҳ¶һ˿Цùϣ֣
֮Ҳž޴ìܣһ飬߾ʮֹϵ֣ͬˣûиƵĻᡣ
ǹȫκıƣѹҲԵֵı
ǿֲޱȵѹ֮£ʿʥߡ˶ɫ԰ףһ㷢ĵս
һֲޱȵĹӲ֮λ֮ڶһ֮л߳һɺޱߵѹҲ֮
֮棡
ΰ֮޵У
޵У
ɻʳע޵һ
ΰ֮£ն˵kǣ

֮ɻʳǿһĨ˷֮ɫĺš
Щһɻʳʿǳ˳֮ɫԴ֮һ·նɱǿСʱ㣬Ҳһ֮еǿߡ
֮棬һǺġ棬һԳΪ֮еһԱ㲻𡣿ϧ棬ֻܹȥˣ
˫֮һųصӡһŤһֱֻߴĿֲħۡ
һֱֻߴĿֲħ֮Уħ۶ɣÿһֻħ۶̺һְ塣
飬һëȻĿֲħ۹âһһޱȵħ֮˲ۣγһŤһеĿֱֲӺȥ
ӡҫ֮ӡҫһ±仯ΪһԾ޴ޱȵһſֲޱȵٶնȥ


1381 ֮˪
֮һ̺ʱİնϹȥڡδò˼飬޿ɱܡ
֮˪Ϲâҫһ±仯Ϊһ޾˪ĺѹȥ
սḻޱȣһ־ͳȫҪһɱ档
صӡ֮и֣һɺޱߵϢֱ֮ӱ仯ΪһһеĿֲڶǿײȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһɿֲޱȵ籩˷ɢȥ̮ռŤ
ݻɺڶһ˲һ±֮ңһޱȵ䡢ˡ˪
ֻ߽Ǳɰ΢΢һΣֱӹȥ
¡¡¡
޴ޱȵıը֮вϵһֲޱȵ籩˷ȥ
ǿǷ׷Χȥ±ĴߵĽ֮С
һĴֵ߽룬Ҳᱻǿֲޱȵ籩˺Ƭ
ǿ֮棬Ȼһסߣ
֮棬֮еǿߣ
̫ˣ

ʿ֮еǿ߿һߵסжһĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷ס
ÿһ߶Ǿ޵УڵĹǿò˼顣֮Уۻ£˺üε֮սkʵҲʤһ
֮˪֣֮ҲǶ֡
澹Ȼܹһƥߣֱ졣
һЦһȺ֮ôǿҲֻһˡkѾ·磬սȥֻ·һ
ħ֮ʿĵŴԣʱɫһ±ʮѿ
粩ԣһ죬ڴ·磬Ҳǲʵ
۵ͬˣûиκƵĻᡣ
ֻҪʥϵǿ߶ܹսȥҲᱻĺ
һɳأʿ֮
㣡
һα֮кâһȵ
һŴĻеǳӲ֮λ֮ڶ𣬷ĳȡŲ֮λλ汾Դ
Ǳ鲼֮λΧǿյĻеǳһӡҫ໥γһƬƬƣͬĤݾһ㣬һûǴİ˼ء
ǰ˼ص룬һ˫ۣ˼һųһ֮⣬֮һ
һɲ֮䣬Ȼ֣桢֮˪ӡһ硣ֱ֮ۡӷӡһ硣
֮棬ĵƣ˲ǴɱҡȻٽ۵kƣ
֮˪ɨһޱȵ磬һĨ֮ɫ
û֮Уʵֻɱ㣬Ҳһ
ʮֹϣһʱⳤ֮Уֳսꪣһ̤֮˪ǰһ֮˪ֱնȥ
֮棬㿴ʧˣҵʵȻ֮ǣҵķȴǹھߣ
֮˪Ŀ䣬һЦӡҫһɺޱߵı֮ӿkֱӱ⣬һɽ
¡
һնһɽ֮ϣɫâǱɽֱնһ޴ѷ죬ֻһܹն֮˪ϡ
ӡҫһɽһ˲䣬Ѿָ
֮˪һЦ֮棬㻹˲𡣵۶ǼҲķʮʮҹܹﵽƻĳ̶ȡǿĵߣ֮Ȼǿÿ¡㣬ҪҵķҲûô򵥡
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ±仯Ϊһ޴ޱȵɺڶһɽһһ˲佫ǱɽֱӾɺڶ֮ڡ
ӡҫһ˿˿ԭǱɽ֮г룬ûڡ
֮˪ȻһЦ֮棬ɰȷʵǿޱȣҪȫҵҲҪꡣ磬ܹ֧Ŷã
ȡ˲֮λλ汾ԴԼ֮λΧǳȻ԰˼Ϊģγһָ硣
֮ۡǿ۵ߣkǶ˾Բʱ䡣
֮˪۹ⶾǿһ㣬Ż򶨣ʮֹϵʩչطһֻʱ䡣
漤ս֮˪ԲĶ֣в˵еĿܡ
һһʥȻ֣һɽֱӷȥ
֮棬СͲҪóˡ֮⣬ûʲôܹ˵ҵȡ
ɽ֮ڣ֮˪һЦصӡҫһɿֲޱȵı֮Щһ
Ǳ֮֮£һ±Ϊһ硣
һ֮һױ׷ʧ
һĨ֮ɫ֮˪ȻҪɱ㣬ֻܹһˣ
ʮʥͽȻ֣ӡҫ໥
ʮʥͽһںϣһ޼᲻ݵĳì̺Ĳ˺գᴩһУ֮˪ıɽֱӴȥ
ݻɺڶһſƾʮʥͽĳìᴩ񷣬һǱɽ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صȻʮʥͽһ»ҽֻʮöĴ֮е䡣
֮˪ıɽ֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĿӣֻ׾ͿԴ֮˪
һɲ֮䣬ȼ㱾Դĳȡšסǡסһֱ֮һꪴ̳һ⣬һ´Ǿ޴ޱȵĿ֮ڡ
һսһ˲ʹ̴֮˪ıɽû֮˪ڣ֮˪նء
صӡ֣ӲĽ֮˪һֱԴ֮ͬk°ֱӷӡ

֮˪һĨ֮ɫһŭйâһֳһѩսꪡ
ûõģѾˣܹĵһŵƣҲЩ¡
Ŀʱҫٶȿ쵽㣬һһͬһն֮˪֮ϡ
֮˪ȻƴֵǵkͲĶֱ֣ش͸ӲĶ֡
֮һն֮˪ͷ­ָһţ֮˪ڣ˰壬һ´֮УӲץһ̺źӡӡǡ
֮棬һֻҪ㲻ɱңԸΪЧҿΪ㱳棡
֮˪һӡǣʱһĨֺ;֮ɫһĲҽк
ֻҪӡǻڣ֮߱󣬻ĿܡһӡǱ٣߾ͻ
ȥɣ
һĨ⣬һնӡ֮ϣֲޱȵ֮һꪽӡն飬ӲĽ֮˪ӡֱĨȥ


1382 ʯѩ
֮˪ӡһ˲䣬ڹڵһ¸ֳһſѪɫǳ
һѪɫĹײƬ֮и֡
һ޾ıйǿӿǱʹʹ·Լ׵ˡ
Ѫҫʹˣ
˭˭ˣ
ôܣλ֣޵У˭ܹɱ˵kǣ

ڵƬ֮Уеǿ֮е鱯ʹž֮ɫ
֮λΧǿս
ΰô䣿ܣܣ
˪ȻһĨ֮ɫһޱȵĲҽ֮kһһӡǱһƬƬֱӷʧ
ڱ˪һ˲䣬˪֮еʮҲֱѽ⣬ѩҳֱʧ
˪֮еĵ߶֮ܵ˪ǿߣӵƾõԪǿαĴһ㡣֮˪һ䣬kҲǣǿֲޱȵķֱ֮Ĩȥ
֮˪ΰ֮˪ˣ
ôܣ֮˪˿һߣôô֮У
ܣ飬Բܣ

ǿɫ䣬г˾һ˻ߵĺСǱָΪĿռ乥ȥ
֮˪ˣΰ֮޵У
֮ˣע޵
һսӮˣ
סkǣܹģǾɱǿߣΪΰ֮˷ֵһ˿ѹ

ʿ֮еǿҲ˫۳죬ʩչֹɱطŹǿ߹ȥ
ÿʱÿ̶дǿ䣬֮еǱĿռѷ졣ѪʥѪ񷡣
ʱ֮УһֱʧǸֱ֮߳ͬһ޵еһǹǿɨһۡ
kȻˣ

֮棡

Щǿ߱ɨһۣ׹ߣг˿־֮ɫ
ǸǿߣǰҲһûǣƣһ˾ܹڳйǿɱ
Լһᣡ
ݻγɵķӡĿһۣ˫һ˺˺գԭʧ
ˣ
֮澹Ȼˣ
ô£
ֹؼĴսkȻˣ

ʿǿǿ߿澹Ȼս֮ʧһĨ֮ɫ
һתףƬ֮𵴣֮ѾˣˣͶüֻҪͶǿǼȥ
ȵ֮Ȼɱ֮˪ȴҲ֮˪ķشkѾܹӻˣͶɣߣ
Ͷɣ
֮Ѿˣ
֮ˣѾ޷˼ˣ

һƬ֮лصʿǿǵĵֿ־
ʿǿҲȷʵЩĻ̻̣ʿ䡣
ĸ֮аһĨ֮ɫһȺΰ֮Щܹ¶ȵģkһ֣ɱ֮˪ȥֻΪ׼һɱﵡֻҪٴλع飬ܹǲдȫɱ
ħ֮ɱû֮ɲ⣬һûаܹһΣҲ⡣һϣɱkǣֻɱkǣǲܹΪ֮һѹֻɱkǣǲܹȥ
ɱ
֮кâһӶսǹǿ߹ȥ
޵аĵߴ֮£ʿǿҲڻָ˲ʿڵkŹǿ߹ȥ
ǿ߶֪֮սҲһ֮ս֮УֻһǻԻȥһսߣеٶҪųϡЩ߸ǻἸ˿ûЭءֻ㹻飬ܹ֮ںϽҪӴ
ԵһƬ
һ˿˿ҫһ޴ѷ측֣һѷ֮߳ٴһֱ̤ӽһ֮ڡ
£
һ潵٣ֱӹڵϣ
ţ
һεֱӴӵ𣬾һ˲䣬ͳʯѩڵı֮ϡ
һָһ̺֮˪Դ㱾ԴԴԴϵûʯѩڡ
˼һĻ𶯣֮г𺧣㱾ԴkȻˣkȻնɱһߣ
ǿһ޵еĿֲڡ߲Ϊ棬ϾҲһߡҪնɱһߣѶȼֱ졣
㱾ԴһǱ˪㱾Դܹһ˿Ҿܹ׵ˡ
˿ԶԶӿʯѩڵ㱾ԴһĨĽͼ֮ɫ
ҲһѪţӵаۼĿֲΪϧkǱҲ͵Ϊֹûʲôkһͻƣ׵ߡܹһ˿˪㱾Դkпͻƣ׳Ϊһߡ
㱾ԴգԼ֮ѹסʯѩڵʱ֮㱾Դ
ǳ㣡ǹϣ
Ȼ֮䣬оʯѩϢһ䣬֮˪㱾Դʱ֮һգҿʼ֮
һ̺űѩ塢ʱ䡢ռ䡢ذӡ֣ʼγӡǡ
Բڹ֮ڣһһֲޱȵ籩
浱˳㲻ͬʯѩһöӡ֮Уʱ䡢ӡʮģ۳͡
ͷۡ
Цһ£һָǡʱ֮֡һ¸֣ûʯѩڡ
Ǵʱӡһ¹âҫһ֡
ˣҲˣ
ûԥһ㣬ǡֱ֮Ӹ֣һûʯѩڡ
ʯѩǴ˰ӡҲâҫޱȡ
ǳ˪硢ʱ֮ӡռ֮һ֮и֣Ϊһ壬۳һöӡǴ
һʥΰϢһ֮
˽㣡
㣬ߵϢ
˭˭Ȼʱ㣿

һ˲䣬ǹ滹ʿǻ鶼֪һٴε
֮Ϊ֮
һޱߣΰʥϵŮ֮лص
֮k˭
˭ôʱ㣿
ߣĸǿߣ
ôʱ˽㣡

һ֮֮лص˶۷׷ף²ŵ˭Ȼʱ㡣


1383 
ħ֮üͷ΢΢һ֮ѵǵk
ĸ֮һĨ֮ɫһ֮̾ûв´ĻӦþǵkˣǸնɱ˲֮ʯѩ
֮ûҲֻеkܹ֮˪ıԴȻ֮İ֮£̤һ㡣
֮˪㱾ԴΪ󣬿ͨǿҪ֮˪㱾Դʮѡ
ʯѩܹʱɣɱ֮ս죬Ҳһ޵аľ콾k֮˪ıԴҲʮϣܹɵ㱾Դ
֮֮пȥôһսĽҲҪˡ
֮Уȡ˲֮λԼǳλ汾Դ粻ϵĲѾһ˿˿ѺۣʱбĿܡ
һǾ޵еĿֲڡǿ涼ԵֵߵֹȻð˼صȡ֮λıԴҲԵֵ֮ۡĹ
ڡ
濴Ѿʯѩ΢΢һЦӦýʯѩãǱѩŮ񣬻˵ǽ֮
Ŵԣ΢΢һ֮г֮ɫ֮Ȼĵڶʿʵۣ
֮Ҳ֮еһΰ档kͨƽͳʿ֮·ûн״ʿĿܡkһ֮󣬻һ̫ħԳľѪ壬ȻֿѣѪʿĵ·̤򣬳Ϊڶʿʵۡ
һʯѩ磡
֮΢΢һЦ˸߹󡢵šϡԼ޵аţ˵硯ʱ򣬵kҲζղܡ
ϵãѩʱ䲻࣬߰ɣ
ţ
΢΢һ˱ԭʧûһȿռڡ
֮λս֮Уһռʮͻأֱӳ֣ʯѩ˴ǿռֱ֮߳
ʯѩ
ߵϢkȻΪߣ
֮k֮
ô

ǿһߵʯѩһĨ塢ŭ֮ɫ
겨֮棬֮߳ΪʿǱ
ʯѩճ֮ѹʿţͬɥ֮Ȯһڲͬĵطһ㣬ʵҲǿ
֮һڵ㣬ǹƻҪһڵ㡣ʯѩȥ֮涼Եk֮ǡڿkȻ㣬沢УȻõkǸӼʡޡ
ĸǰȻվߵʯѩ֮г˼ʣзźţߣΪʲôҽ㣡㱾ԴΪʲôң
ĸĳ飬һ޵аĵߡΪ˽㣬kԼӡʹ취ֳŮڲͬʱΪkЧ
Ϊλʱ֮УĸһֱڳߣΪ˽㡣
ʯѩѾ㣬ǻĸг˼ʡ
ħ֮Щڶߣߣʲôʱɴײˣô׽
֮ӡ΢΢һĸȡӦ֮ۡ˪֮ĴڣʵǱԶԶȲ档
Ҫ㣬ͱĴ塣ֱռ䡢ʱ䡢Ĵ塣ò򣬿ռ֮ʱ䡢˰ȷǼѲ
Ҳ֮£ĩһûᡣ־֮£ֻԵټŬŲʱ䡢˰塣һ㣬kʵҲԶͬǿߡ
۵ȹ߶áʱ֮֮֡һı̤㡣kǵĸȣűһס
ǼȻſһӣʯѩһǸ֮ڡ
Ǹ֮У֮ۡǿʩչǿޱȵĹɱطǸȥ
Ȼ㶯˲֮λıԴ֮Ϊİ˼ҲѾ¶ѺۣĵоƬҲѺ۴ܵش
֮桢֮
һ棬Ŀ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫֹͣ˹ݻ硣
֮ҲһĨâ֮˪Ȼˣ
濪Ȱ˵ۣͶɣ֮˪Ѿ䡣ǼսȥҲûϣֻҪԸͶңȻϴǿߣǾܹƽһͬ㲻𣡣
նܣǵӡ档һսܣӡֻܴܹαĴڡ׸
ߵӡǶԼڵڡһ汻ɣ֮ۡ߶ᱻش䵽α״̬
α״̬ʯѩһ˶׵Ľ֮ۡɱ
һնɱ֮ۡɵkǵټkȫԸһ¥øӵǿ
ϼ޻Ȼ治kǵ־ܸkһ·
֮ս߻϶ָȫûЭĿܡ
֣
âһ±仯ΪһŴľ޴ħֱۣһһֲޱȵ֮ȥ
֮ӡҫ仯Ϊһֻ޴ޱȵĳǳ΢΢һȣһֲޱȵĵʯѩնȥ
۴ǣסǿ棬֮նɱոսʯѩ
ʯѩ֮кâһһУһɱѩγɵıѩ޽ֱӸ֣صӡҫԼ۳һױѩսףͬһŮһ㣬ӽ֮նȥ
ۣ㣬㣬ʵԶ֮£㣬ƾʲôҶ
ɱҫǳɺڶռ֮šʱ֣֮Ӷսֱնȥ
¡¡¡
֮У޴ıըϱ۽ڽڰˣǾ޴ħ֮Уһſ̺Źħ۲ϵըѡ
ÿըһħۣһµħ۵ɱ֮
һ棬۾ͱȫѹƣˡ
֮棬ҳϣҵĸ㣬һһĶ֡ҪɱңҲûô򵥣ֻҪ֮նɱֻ֮ܵ㣡
ʩչָҲֻܹʩչһΣͰٴиơûôǲǰ첻ǵĹѾشʣ
֮ոս㡣֮ȫϤɱ֮ǰkͻᱻ֮նɱܵˣ㣡
Ŀ䣬־ᶨ͸
ȡ֮λıԴһٽ߷ָֱ졣ǵkҲ֮ۡȫıԴܴҲʩչָ


1384 
üͷ΢΢һ壬ʩչǿޱȵĹɱطֱӺȥ
ķ񹥻֮£ݻγɵħ۲ըѣȴֲϵĻָ֮
ÿһӵпֲޱĴڡ浱һƾߵĿֲ
ʵԶԶ֮ϣȴҲһʱԽۻɱ
һٽ֮˪ɱΪʮʥͽҵkûȼ㱾Դһش֮˪лһҪԭǾ֮˪ʵѷһ֡
۱ϾߣȻ棬ȴҲͨĪķĲס档
һʯѩ֮Ҳɱһ
ѩҫ
һѩ縡֣һĹֱնѡ
ʯѩȻҲһ콾յ޵еĽ֮֮Ȼȫ·磬˿ڡ
ʯѩһѩ֮ӿԼϵ˿һһᣬ֮ɱ
ֲޱȵıըƬ֮вϷһһĿռѷ챻
磬һ򶼻ᱻĴߵĽִݻ١
¡¡
֮λѣضɽҡطֱѿҽѪһӿһ±ö
֮λʿ룬ħŨ˼㡣֮λħܶʼˡݽߣԽԽϡ
һλħϡͲ׵ǿĳͬ򣬾ʿһĳﶼʮѡ
Ǳӡ֮Ĵ߷ɱ
֮⣬ǿͬҲڲһеķɱߡ
ÿһ䣬Ųޱȵսÿʱÿ̶԰Ƶǻ䡣
һһǳըѣÿһǳըѣǻ䡣
ʧȥѹսøӵĲпᡣ
ʿڵ汾ԶԶȲϹ棬սƽĲࡣ
һ֮ڣԴԴϵս˱Ͷսɱ
ʱţʮת˲š
ڲ֮λΧǿյɱûֹͣΪһ޴ޱȵĽɱǿߵ
֮еǿ߶˷˵أս˶һսֳʤ֮սѾֳʤ
һɺޱߵĿֲϢȻӲ֮λڶ
˽׵ߣ
˽׵ߡϧû֣
ϧˣ飬û֡ûʲôkעᱻĵ
ټȣټȽ׵ߣ
ɻʳȻǱˣȻֵһߣ

ǿߵ֮Уټһ´Ӳ֮λзɳһ¼ս
ֱӷɳ仯Ϊ񳲾޹֣Ĳסټȡ
ǿһʧȥ񳲣ֱö˼֡
󣬹ڵӪҲһµĵߣһһټȼսһ
ʱת˲š
ӡ֮С
ۻ˺ۣըһ룬Ȼ֧ţĲ档
һߣʯѩһֱѾնɷ飬ʱ䶼ûУֻһѩֱۡ
ʮļսĴ߶ѾˣʯѩǼѾ;ƿֱ֮۶첻
֮棬֮Ѿֲ֧סˡٹ꣬kض֮СңԼꡣһΰܶˣͶɣֻҪǳңҿԷԣǲ
һֻըѣһֻѸƽĮ
ۣҪ㣡㣬֣
һĨâ΢΢һЦȵ
һ֮УӰֱӸ֣ӡҫһſһ貵Ļе֮
ǰ˼ҲһԻе֮ϡ
һɲ֮䣬һ˼ֱӱȼգһֲףᴩȥڡδĻһֱӺȥ

ۼһĻɫ䣬âһʮƵֱ֮ӷɳʥĹâڵkǰ
һᴩȥڡδĻһʮޱȵ֮ϣһֱ֮ըѿ
һһ۵֮ϣֱɡ
ǹûȫʧһ·ȼձԴһֲޱȵɺڶֱ˽ȥ
ס֣
֮ɫ䣬ȼձԴһ޴ޱȵУնȥ
Ķң
ʯѩ֮һĨȻ֮ɫ㱾Դһɽһµ֮ǰ

֮âնɽ֮ϡ
ɽÿնһʯѩϾͻһ˺ۣɫһף㱾Դܴһ֡
ɺڶ֮ڣ۵Ӵޱȵ㱾Դ֮кûڡ
һ֮㹹ɵķӡֱӱkҲһ⣬Ų֮λֱ׹䡣
ҲܵģҾԲܣ
ɺڶ֮ڣâһ֮ų֮⣬ʼγһӡ
ûõģܶˣۣܹҸ˶Ĵ۲նɱ㣡Ӧøең
һпһֻᴩȥڡδȭͷһ۵ϣǻûг͵ļһȭ飬ֱӺ顣
Ҳ
ʮǿһ˲ٴ۳͡

ԥȫֱ顣
ȥΰۣ
Բܹ۱䣡

ǹǿ߼һĻһĨ֮ɫϧһд۵
ǹ룬һk䣬ͰܾѶ
ħ֮һĨâȵסkǣ
ʿǿҲ׷׳֣Źǿ߹ȥ
ǿ߶һһսֳʤ֮֮սͻữֹʤ߿ԻһУʧ߾ֻ·һ
ɣ
һٴΣһŭһצkڣתطͨڤڤķ򣬽۵ӡֱӴ֮г
ȥ
ٴȼ㱾Դһն۵ӡ֮ϡ
¡
涼Ϊ֮һ۵ӡһ̮顣

۷һ춯صŭ֮һ±Ϊ㱾ԴС
ڹڵڹڵһ¸ֳһſѪɫǳ
һѪɫĹײƬ֮и֡
һ޾ıйǿӿǱʹʹ·Լ׵ˡ
Ѫҫʹ󣡣
ôô䣿

ѵǹҪ𣿡

һֻڹ֮ӿ


1385 ʤ
ͬһʱ䣬ڹ֮Уʼֱ̮·ĩһ㣬ǳͳͳ飬촷ۡ
۱ô䣿ô䣡
һĨ֮ɫҽš
صӡǲԼĵϸ֣һŻ֣kǵֱӵȼһĻҽ
֮£޵У
ɱɱkǣ
һ

ʿǿһĨ˷֮ɫʿ񣬷Źǿ߷
һʧʮߣսҡҡ׹
ΣͷһһİۼǿȼЩںϣһ±ȵߵսǿסʿǿߵΧ
һ䣬ʯѩ仯ɵıɽֱӱ΢΢һΣܹ֮ĹӲ෽֮ȥ
֮棬һսʤˣҪ棬ûô򵥣Ҳȥɣͬھɣ
֮һĨâȼԼ㱾Դһ±仯ΪһֻУֱնȥ
ãkҪͬھ
ɫ䣬һҧҲȼ㱾Դʩչطһն
һɫâ˺Ѳ񷣬һնһֻ֮ϡ
¡
ԲʮΪ֮һ𣬿ֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
溣»֮ϵǿ˶һѪˣʧȥս溣ϵǿ߻Ҳϱ
ǿֲޱȵıըʧ֮ս룬һޱȵĺڶ
϶һ쵽ҸĿֲ˿ڣk඼¶Ǹֲޱȵ˿֮УҲʵ÷顣
һâ΢΢һסһ½帲ǣǾ޴˿סˡ
֮һսʤˣ
һĨâƬ֮𵴡
ʤʤ
֮޵У
ɱkǣ
ɻʳ޵У

һ˷ޱȵĺ֮Ⱥ֮ɢʿǿǶŹǿ߹ȥ
ڹڵڹڵһ¸ֳһſѪɫǳ
һѪɫĹײƬ֮и֡
һ޾ıйǿӿǱʹʹ·Լ׵ˡ
ǹ֮У̮飬
һ䣡
߶ˣ
군ˣ
һսǰˣ
ڣֻܹˣӵıԵӵЩƶ磬Ҳһ

֮УЩǿޱȵϵһһ׷ȥ
֮ˣô䣿ôܣ
һĨ֮ɫҽУ֮һ¸ֳصӡkֱӵȼ
ĵҲֳһŻ棬ҽУճɻҽ
֮ˣ
ûϣˣ
Ӱɣ
͵kƴˣ

ЩǿǼһĻһĨ֮ɫȺסеʿǿ߹ȥеѡܡ
ɽǹǿ߼һ˷ȥ
桢ʯѩȴĮվ֮УһҲĿԼµǿɱС
ҲҪ£֮桢֮Ѿˣ޷֡ɱ˵kǣԻһпܻýĻᣡ
һĵĿʯѩǿһۣ
һĿ⼯ʯѩϣʿĵĿ֮Ҳһ˿˿
ʯѩȫʢ֮ʱٵǰᱻkɱʯѩܵıԴ֮ˣǵҲлὫkնɱ
ϣ
Ŀ䣬һָһɺڶֱӸ֣һһ
һ˲ǹĵ߾ͱǸɺڶ֮ڣӡҫ˲佫ǹĵɡ
ǿk
ǿ֮棡߶ڵkеĹˣҲܹĴڡ
ҵkķˮ©

һĿ濴ȥֻʱǼӰʯѩѩšټѾصߡ
ĻеֱӸ֣ۡ
߼һĻȻ֪ʯѩѾˣȻûһ취ֻܹĹǿߡ
¹Ȼˮ©
ĸĿһۣ߻ŵ֣һ̾
汻һ𶥼նɱĸпƿأнĿܡ
߸ƣ㼸޵аĵ֣Ҳֻ·һ
֮󣬹ǿʿѾȻֻȻӮһս
ĸ䡣
֮նߣվսɻʳʤ
һϢһڲ֮λħ֮и֡
ʤɻʳڴʤˣ
֮޵У
ʤڴʤˣ
ڱסˣ
ӽˣ
ʱˣ
˹棬ܼܹٴνǿߵøࡣ
ʮˣһսȻʮꡣʤˣ
ڲôˣĩ٣ڶɹˣ
֮£޵У

ǲ֮λħ֮Уʿһ±󻶺֮
֮սʮ꣬䡣ǲ֮λ֮Уͬһֲöӣħܿή
ʮ֮У֮λеҲѾ˾ųϣ˶Ѿ衣
վսʤôӲ֮λ嶼ϲ˷ܡ
ڲ֮λ֮Уһ涼˴ģĻ죬Ƿ׷Ͻͷظ裬ףԼɹĩ١
һսʤ֮ħ֮֮ĸѩšʯǿͳ˧һ·ɱ׷ɱŹĲе
һһ·ݡ
֮λһ֮ڡ
֮սȻգǵõ۵㱾Դҵֻ¾ٹǧҲȬ̫֮ˣ
һ˫ۣ³һһĨ֮ɫ
վս֮У֮ȼһУǾһȷʵѾشܵ˱Դ֮ˡ
涯˴õ㱾ԴԼıԴǿסƵĶ񻯣ҿʼһ˿˿ĺת
ʯѩͬһս֮ˣҲڲ֮λ֮Ѱһطʼˡ
İ˼ҲѾ⣬ҪռԴk죬ͬķѵʱҲҪ꣬ʮ֮á
˼۵ֻҲΪδԵʡѾָ޵棬Ҫȫָȴûô򵥡


1386 ̽
һδʤսʤѾҳҳ֣򲻻ߵ
˫֮صӡ֣һ˿˿˵Ϣڵk֮ӵδ
ûйıı仯Ѳ۾
ҵ˺ʧ㱾ԴҪһʱֲܹһߵƴǿ£
Լһɨüͷ΢΢һ壬һ̾
ÿһ߶콾֮е콾֮еĹһkȫʢʱȼձԴһֱƿֲ
ʵԶԶ֮ϣȻ֮һش˵˱ԴߵĿֲ֮ȻһҲ޷С
üͷ΢΢һ壺˹֮󣬽ʮ֮ɱ䣬ֱӽҲʮ֮ĻᣬָơԴ֮ˣ鷳
㲻ڱ֮Уɵĵʵ˷˼ĳ
һҲں̵ܶʱ֮ڻָܵԴ֮ˣǾҪΪλָ
ȹ̣û۵㱾ԴҲڼǧָ
ʯѩԶҪö࣬ǵkĸԶԶȲ棬ûҲҪʱָܹȫʢ
֮սٳΪֲ̫֮õkԳ
һĨ֮ɫڿԽһˣд̽ϣҵλãûָƵı
ʿڵҲߵǿ档ЩΪ˸һǰ棬ѰһԵ
ĴѾ֤ʵĴڣҪִȴҲһ򵥵顣
ִʿڵ֮Ҳʮ
Ԫ½Χǿա
һ˿˿ҫͳƬ֮С
Ȼ澧ĵط۵kǾǴطǱ档ӦþǴ򿪵ĺţ
֮пȥ˫֮иֳصӡһ۾Ϳ֮һʮֱ澧ڡ
һ˺һɿֲޱֱ֮˺ѳһ޴Ŀӡ
һصͨǰ
֮ͨϣΧȥ
ͨΧһˮһ澧ڡ澧ڵķֲޱȣ涯һҲ濪һ󶴣ֻܹһСһЩСͽ
Ψ໥ɡںϵʱЩ߲ܹһͨĵ·
澧Ҳػǿ磬澧ڵĴڡ֮еǻŲᱻǿ
һڵľͷͿһ㾧ڱĤ֮⣬һֲޱȵ籩
֮У޾籩һûرһ籩֮Уͻᱻ״
һĨϧ֮ɫϧ۵kǳԽϵսڵִﱾʱѾһսΪҾͿƳԽս
۵kǳսǵkһ߳ƶɵ̺֮ŴԽİϧ֮ҲԵֵ籩
һֱ̤߳澧ڡ
һɲ֮ǰ޾籩ֱӹȥ
ǿֲޱȵ籩֮Уʱ䡢ռһжͳͳʧȥ塣
ǣ淨ʧЧ
һ̤籩֮УɫȻ䣬һص˱֮С
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ֻ̤֮Ҫʿ֮еӡûбͲ䡣
籩֮һ꣬Ҳ¡һʱȥkӵ˼Ҫˡ
üͷ΢΢һ壺淨뱾淨ȫ֮ͬУܹõҲ֮ʵһ±˾ųɾš
ͬӵвͬ淨һߣҲڱ֮еߡڱ֮Уһܹٵһλ档һ֣ܹ÷Բʮһֲޱȵ籩ɱʮ֮κεʥʿǻ顣
֮УȴʧȥܣʱߵĻ첻
üͷ΢΢һ㣡

һ˿˿ҫֱӳ󵭵
վս֮УܴͬΪءѹߵı֮󣬲Һķ˲۵㱾ԴΪһµİ˼غġ
ȻʱսѾԶԶվսǰǰǿ
籩ų̽󣡣
ǣ
֮һ¸ֳһֻֻƴС̽󣬻һâãã֮зȥ
̽һ籩֮оͱǿֲޱȵ籩ʳƬ
һЩд̽ȴ籩ʼ
˫֮иֳϵĽ籩ĹɣԼͳ̽鱨
ӡҫֱӻһâԭʧ
溣޾ߺķһ̽ѰϡҪãã֮УѰҵ棬û꣬ǺķѵʱȫΪλ㡣
õļϢ֮УҲֻдڷλĴ巽򣬾Ѿһڤڤΰֱڡ
߶㲻Ŀֲڣӡǲ٣ԻɱkǡЩߵӡǶڱ֮У֮սпܱ¶ֱȡݻ١
Щ߾Ȼڴ֮б˻ɱӡǶֱӴݻ٣ֶμֱ졣ǴϢҲĨȥһɶ
ֶûô죬ŽԼ걩¶档
ʱţһǧʮʱȥ
ǧʱ֮Уǿ߶ԳɱһգųϹǻ鶼ɱֻв̬屻
Ϊ滯ıӻҲǿҲϴ˺ü֣жɻʳӵеǿ߶ֱɱ
ɻʳӵһͳ棬޵Уϵš
֮еĸĵرɻʳƿ֮С
ӴޱȵԴ֮£ѸٵĻָ
ҲڵһǧʱͻƵ߼ڣ׳Ϊһߡ
ҵˣһ꣡
֮λһͬһĻ԰֮УŮƣǸŮ֮У˫۾âһһ¶һ˿˿˷ܵĹâ廯ʧ
֮䣬ͳ澧ڵıԵ


1387 Ǳ
Сĸо治ã
籩֮дţı仯üͷ΢΢һ塣
ָ̽ǿ棬Ҳʧãã籩֮С
Ҳ֪溣籩֮˶Զһ޴澧ڳǰ
ˣܼҪ࣡
Ǹ澧֮ǰһĨâһУһս֣֮ꪸݺһ澧նȥ
¡
澧ڹâһһɺޱߵĿֲΰһ±֮ϣkһºķѡ
һâҫ汻ƬҲһ˲ٴλָ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ȻĿǰʵҪǿܣ
澧ڿֲޱȣȫʢʱҲ޷ǿл澧ڡ
ÿһ澧ڣӦб֮ԴǱ֮֡
΢΢һ̽ɳʼ̽澧ڵı֮
Ҳ֪ȥ꣬һ֮̽Уһ´ط
ҵˣ
һĨϲɫһ澧ڱ֮
ɣϽƽޣ
һ֣һͷ峤ףĺϽƽֱӸ֡
һͷϽƽ޻һһ澧ڱ֮ӿſһŴ֮澧ںһ
âҫһ˿˿澧ڱֱӷֽ⡣
ȻǱ澧ȻӲޱȣӵпֲޱȵķơ
ǱϽƽɳͨԺܿٶϡ
㣡
һĻüͷ΢΢һ
ǣ
ָ߳һţеϸһ´澧֮Уʼ澧ڵĽṹ
ǺϽƽǻʿ澧ڿ̽ޣרľڡ
ʿڵܼҪߵöࡣǻеϽƽ޿ʿľڣȻҲľڡ
һʼǸṹһͷϽƽƽҲԽԽѸ٣һ澧֮ڡ
뻢Ѩɵûӣ档ˣҲ
Ŀ˸һҧһֱӴӵk֮ڷɳһ⣬һûǺϽƽ֮ڡ
ǺϽƽ޿ĶѨ޷ߡ
һ֮Ǹ棬澧ڵʱͻᱻֱش
һûǺϽƽ֮ڣһɺޱߵĿֱֲѹͼĨȥ
ҧƾһɺޱߵԼϣĥԼ֮
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ֻų⣡Ѿ֮ʹ󲿷ֵ֮Բᱻֱӻ𡣡
һ鱻֮ǰںĹ򣡡
ǺϽƽһ澧ڣͷãã֮УһƬͳǰ
ڤڤ֮еϣʱ޿̲֮
֮ǣҵˣ
һȼԼʩչһӵķһһǳȻ󲻹һеȼ꣬һԾǿǳ֮ϣûǳ֮ڡ
ʬ壬ãˣ
һأͿһͣںߵʬ塣һͽʬ˹ֱɡ
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һ֮һʱ޿̲ĥΰʧ
ҳɹˣҳɹˣ
һĨ˷ܣĴЦš
ΪԼһѾ׶༪٣붯ԼʿӡǺķԴٴջǱҵһ·ɹǱ档
Ȼüͷ΢΢һ壺Ѿľ޷ʿط
Ϊӱų⣬궼Ѿı䣬øǳ֮еǻһģһ
΢΢һţˣҲû⡣ҵһطѹ
Ͼһߣkǿ֮塢Լ֮޷֮ʹáȻԶԶ֮ϵĿֲڡ
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΢΢ҡͷ˸ӣһʬ˿ڣȻһʬļ䣬һеȥ
Ҷң֮һޱȡҶֱ֮ΪҶǡ
үˣɶõģ
һ̤ҶңһԼʮ꣬ʮֽС˵Ůһĵӭ
Ӧ˼䣬صԼķ֮ڡ
滯ʬҶǣҶҵĵӳУҲҶҵļ̳ˡ
ҶеӵǿͬҲһƵصĻɫҶǵļ֮Уûпһ㳬֮¼·ûһ㳬ߴڡ
죬ͽҶҵĹϵϡ

ֱҵҶҵĻͷ󺣡
ҲҶ֮֮һͬʱҲҶҵĵһ֡
Ҷǵļ֮У󺣾ĵһ֣ʮ󺺶
󺣵үʲô£
ѧ䡣ѧļҴѧԳ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ѧԳүǿҼҲ֮أ
浭ǧӣ
ã
˫һԥһ£ҧӦ
֮Уͨ˼һӯҲӡһ棬Ҳٶӡ
ǧ󺣹ϸ̵һӡ
꼶Ѿʮ꣬书ʼ·ǲڴһʣ뱲ֻ¾ͻʮֽ͡ϾߣҲࡣ
󺣴ӻһؼݸ棺ҼҴľԳؼүʲôĵط̡Գڽ֮ϣҲһѧֻҪүܹѧᣬʮǿĶ֡
¶һ˿֮ɫָǧƱԼķȥ
ǾԳֻ죡ѧһѧֻҿһݡ
ɨǾԳһۣһԳһֱڸֱ֣޳˾Գһء
תԽԽ׳󣬺ܿͻƿ׾Գڶء
һӿ֣ûڣֱܿͻƣ׵ء
ǱҪ߿޶ʮܹ޳ɵصľԳͱ޳ɡ
¶һ˿֮ɫ޳֮ҵսСĿǰʵʮǿҵĶ֡ҪռؼҵķûĻ֮Уݵ۷壬ҲԲ볬


1388 ħ
ҶҴϲϰϢܿ촫ǣ֮е߶룬Լյ书̸档
֮ǿյѧҲѧЩѧһоͱ׾ٵݵ˸ߵľ硣
ʱţʮʱת˲š
ǸһСɽ֮ڡ
ͣ·Ϊһͷ׸ߵľ޴Գʩչȭȭͷ֮ʯѣľۡ
һŽϸѧݳ书ͽоԳ񹦺ˣĿǰѾݵ˵ʮءҲѾʮأսһʿʽ볬
ȥҪԴǲǸðƿУ
Լ΢΢һɨһĨ֮ɫ
ʮʱ䣬һˣΪһսһʿǿڡֽٶȣֱ졣
гԴȫһ֮ڣǾԳΪ»ʿ֮
Ҷ
үү
һصҶɶߵ
ţ
ӦһҶȥ
Ҷһ֮ڣһԱһ̬ƤĹĵӡӾҶҵļҶ
Ҷұֻ֮еһС壬ҶһֽҶҴΪ֮һ
Ҷ棬һĨȰǶˣ
浭ʲô£
ҶΪæҵҶĸ׷ʱ򣬲ߣҶĸѻҶǶԼĸһʮ䵭
ҶһĨ˷ܵһǰȥۻᡣ˵һΣлʳ֮еĴǰǶùȥܹύʳ֮еĴҶҾܹǣһ˵пܳΪ˵֮еңǧ긻󡣡
浭֪ˣûʲô£Ҿˣ
ϣֱת뿪Ϊһߣֻб˰ͽķݣ֮УҲûʲôֵͽᡣϾ棬һܼԶʿҪ͵档
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬һ̾һĨ֮ɫ
һͣ˳֮ǰһ֮ŮһˡΪ׵Ӿ棬ŮҶͬĸҶᰡҶϼ
Ҷʮ߰ңһ˫޳ȣ˫ĹĵģʮԸաҶϼԼʮ꣬崿ɰһɰϵŮ
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Ǻ԰ڣʮŮǾȨһС˵ĺ
Ҷǣ˵һֱ䣡ôûУ
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һ䣺ţ
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Ǳ棬Ϊ˲볬ȡıԴȻȥʲôƾ١
ʢҲ˾治Ȱ棬üͷ΢΢һ壬һתת˷绨ѩ֮ϡ
˭˧
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һŮһһ£ϴǳǳЦݣʳ׵ľɫŮ֮еĹǧŮǰͬк컨Ҷһ㣬úۡ
ʢɫ΢΢һӿһ˿ԤлҺˣǺ;֮еĴﹴˡ
Ӣˣ
ҶᰡҶϼŮȴǱ׵ĿӢϼƲĿ⡣
ʢϿӢһۣĿȴϡ
ȫһߵǰ
ȫɨһۣ¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫ΢΢һЦմ٣λ֮ɫˡǶŹѪҺɻĿζ
մɨҶŮһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫСطȻˣȷʵѵáϲȫܲ
ʢʢɫ䣬һ۾ͿȫҪûմʢҡҶҡ
ȫһĨâȵҶǣմٿǻҵˣ㻹£ٿͷϣ䵱մٵС檣ȻҶҵĲƸͳͳ׸մ٣Ϊױ
ҶᰡҶϼŮԣʱ΢΢ɫ䡣
ң
ӵܣ
ӵܣȫȻͽһӵܣҿҪˣ

һ֮еŮɫһ䣬ŻմһĨâ
֮Уҹ¡ÿһҶǧϣӵǿޱȵʵ
С֮еҲֻܹС֮гưԣһӴǰһһӵһ仰ͿҶС塣
ʢɫҰܣһĨ֮ɫޱȵңңǿǹħң
һĨħңʲô˼
ʢһҰףžܹ֮ѹ¡ΪkǶħ񣬿Իħħ֮ÿһӵһħ֮ͻᵶǹ룬ˮ𲻽һ˾ܹһֻӣǷܹĴڡ
ȫһĨ⣬ͱ˵Ҷǣ׻մٵ˰ɣ£մٿͷˡð
֮ҶҺųҶǣӵӴޱȵĲƸΪȴҲҶѹôȫȻҪᣬúõĴѹҶҡ
ɨȫһۣһЦʲôʲôʸ˵
ȫ΢΢һ㶣һĨŭɫҧгݵҶǣ̫ˣ
ɨǻմһۣһɸ߸ϰȷҪ¹򣿡
մһĨâôķˣһǵһο°ɣˣһ壡


1389 ɱ
ãȥɣ
һʩչԳ񹦣һ˲ǴһȦһȭ˻մٵ֮ϡ
¡
һ֮ǻմͬһ㣬ֱӺɳʮԶ
ȻҶӵ֣ܳ
ôĵӣ
ǿӵܣ
Ҷǣ𣿡

ڳŮһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾
磬ӵܹ£һӵܣһ仰ͿԻҶС塣澹ȻҶԻմɱֱ֣졣
ҶǣôĹȻҶԻմɱ֣ˣȫҶˣˣץסǵҷɱۣ
ȫ־ŭܻĴ
մǻҵˣҲܵǣ˵ᱻǻռֱ塣һ̣ȫźڴŻմǰ档
ȫһ£ʮһط߸
һȻƣôҲûдڵıҪˣ
Ŀ䣬ǰ̤һȫǰһȭȫͷϣֲޱȵȭֱӱȫͷ­ֱӺ顣
٣
Ϊ׵һͷһĻĵѣһ춯صŭʩչʮնֱնȥ

ͬһħһ㣬һȭһȭͷĳ飬˳ƽͷֱӺ䱬
ʢһĻĿɿڴӿһ˿˿ĺ⣺ÿµ书ʲôѧ书ôز
ʢҲһЩָ֣Щָһʩչ书ʮ󺺶Խȴûһֲָͬһȭɱһͬѹϡ
Ƕʮһһɱڳڶ๫Сһɫ԰ף෢е˱ŵ̱ڵϣ·һ̯ɫҺ塣
ˣôĹȻҶһ׳֡ɹŭˣһƷʹ;ζ
һһԴ׻ʹһȦͷϳֻǣֳһƬƬۣ󳤳һЫһβͣһɺɫϢڵk߻ơ
ħңħ֮Ȥ
һĨ˷ܵĹâһأֱӳڻ׵ǰһȭһͷԳӰ֣һֲޱȵԳХһڻ׵֮ϡ
һɿֲޱȵֱӱǻ׺Զ
ʿҪǿöࡣЩ̷ħǿħ֮ԶԶ֮ϵĴڡ
һȭ˻ףȴüͷ΢΢һ壬һɺɫ֮и֣ͬƹ֮һɢʴ塣
ûõģЩˣ书ʲôزͻħ֮ıϣҲ޷ֵħ֮ʴ
һĨ֮ɫȻȥ
һһֱӵע֮£ѿգŻ״ȥ
飡
һȭ֮ϣħ֮һһǾͱðֱ߲ӱһȭ顣
ħ֮ȷʵǿ󣬿̫ˣԳ
кâһһ¸ֳһͷս춯ؾԳӰأһ̤ڻ׵ǰʩչԴطһڻ׵֮ϡ
һɲ֮䣬˲䱬ֲޱȵᴩ˻׵Ļħ֮ı֮ϡ
ôܣôһ˵У
ֱһڴѪһĨԼţһ̱˵ϣϢȫޡ
һۿԴһ´ӻ׵֮зɳûڡ
۾΢΢һ¶һ˿֮ɫǾԴϾҵ齵ӡӡǡȻͬ棬ӡǵ̫ȻǿߵԴ
ӡӡǣ֮ĵơѸٵĳɳ
һ£ףʳŮһĻ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫˣȻܹͻħ֮һħҵӵܣǿ£
ħҹħ񣬻ħħ֮޵κһӵܶԽħ֮һ˻һ˾š
ڻ׾ȻͨѧֱӴֱŵ˼㡣
ɨŮһۣһĨɱΪ𣿡
֮УǷˣҲֻŮӵг֮
ŮЦãҶǡҸ׽ֻͨѡ˿ûΪȤռɱǵˣǿɲưոݡ
浭ҵĵ̣Ǹͳͳȥˣ
㻹ҪЩ̸֮ˣ
ȻһЦ̤գͬһ㣬ȥ
Ҷǣ㾹ȻɱҶӣҪż
ǳԴżʮȫװһ¸ϵ˵أ
ʮֻʸͬһȥ
ϣȥɣ
кâһһȭֱӺһͷԳӰֱӸ֣ſֲޱȵ֮ԼǼʮȫװϡ
һ˲䣬ͬʮȫװͱֱӺ飬·ɽ
ȻѧڷΧϻǱ̫Զˡ
΢΢ҡͷЩ־ѾɢһۣͶ
ͬһ֮ըѿɢһһֹͶһּߡ
ָһָЩߵͷϣһߵԴ
ûȫѡͶ
ҶõϢ֮ɱʼӹǵķ
ܿ죬ǾͻָƽĸѾҶһҶ
ҹ֮ͤڡ
֮ͤڣĿŲԶĺɻһߺơ
һɫٻӰͬ¹һ㣬̤ˮӨӨǰ£ȻһЦҺһ𣿡
ʾ룡
ûзȵˣ
һЦԼΪԼһơ
ɻˡͤƣγһޱȵķ羰ߡ
ѧ˻𣿡
һƬž֮΢΢˵
磬˲սʤ̷ħҡ塢ħɣѾǹһĴڡ
澹Ȼܹѧһӵܣֱ졣
浭ûѧġ
ɲԽѧڸң
ֿ˴Ƽ޵ĳѧħ֮ںһ𣬲֪Բôֲ
΢΢һЦ֪糬ǵĵȼ֣
΢΢һЦã磬еĳ֮ԴͷԴԸħ񡣵ȼֱΪħѧͽħߡħħʹͽɱĻףһħߡ


1390 Ĺ
һĨâħӵһʿϵʵ׵ʵѾԶԶһʿħ֮Ϊֲڱֻ溣ʿܹ֮ƥС绹ڴ
ûħ֮ӳ֣ҲͨһʿҵĴڡħ֮ӳ֣սѾԶԶһʿ֮ϡ
ѧ˷˼ط޷ƻ׵ħ֮ϡ
浭֮УӦҲķšҪҿ书Щķ
ұŵܸ㡣ﻹһҵ㽻
΢΢һЦһһɫħУ֮ݸ档
һӹһɫħ飬Ǻɫħ֮һŤ
һۿĹצĲֱץȥ
е˼
浭һЦкâһһȭź󷽺ȥεĹϣһֲǹֱ顣
Ŀ΢΢һǿ
潫Ǳɫħ鷭ϸһͿǺɫħ֮мŵط
ЩħطħȻѰħϲļƷ׼ħµħ֮ϴꡣ
Щӵܻϴ֮󣬾ͻһԾΪħѧͽӵг֮ȻЩ֮ؾͻԼ̷ħͬħµطѰҸĵر
ķžħ׼kõıȻħķֻЩħϲıﶼһЩϡĵرһЩӵ츳ͯͯŮѼѶȡ󲿷ֵӵܻǰͰİħµط
΢΢һЦȤģʽԶǷˣҲԶ޷ԽԼ̷ħ񡣶ҵkеһжᱻħӶᡣЩħ鶼Ҫݵöࡣ
ʿķλ֮УҪ̤ͬʮּѡȴҲȻһ˿ϣ
֮УҪ̤ħ򣬼ܡĸ塢ңҲЩħеӣ̤ħ
Դ书Գ񹦣
һ֣һԳ񹦵ؼͷС
֮΢΢һӹǱԳϸĶ
һ񹦡Ҷǣɱ˻ף൱ð˻ҡǾԲưոݡȻڻʳ֮вʲôңǵļҲħʵΪǿûȤ񹬣ȻһЦ
ʵ񹬣ڴ۹֮еڼ
ڵĹȣΪ۹ӵݣֱǶݡݡݡݡݡ
۹һйȡ۹۹ӵݷֱݡӥݡݡ
Ǿλڴ۹翤һͨСǣ˿Ҳֻʮ
ޱȵ񹬾еʮĴ̷ΰ񡣡
ӵ˿һڣ֧һ˿ڵʮ֮һȻֵ
ȻһЦ񹬣翤ΪҶҵҲ׾ٵ顣
ȨӦã
һµʱת˲š
֮󣬼ҶĴ֮£Ѹٵ翤֮ţǰͶĸֲ
Ҳ֮еĸԴ书Ϊͻͽ
ҵʵ̫ˣһˣһҪػҶң޷뿪ӲС
һ֮ڣüͷ΢΢һ壬
ǾԳѾݵʮһأҲǾԳ˶ʮһأʽӵ˴ʿս
УĳԴħҡ塢¢ϡҪôĳԴʮѡ
ɸΪ֮ûԴһߣҲԿٽ
Խһˣ
֮߳һ֮ڡ
һ֮ڣ鲼ֺϽԼ
ЩϽ𡢸漯Լ翤ɵĴڡ
һͷ֮УʼĹ̻ˡ
һĵһ̻˱ܹͬѩһֵԽԽ࣬ԽԽֲ
۹ݣһׯ԰֮ڣһףһаϢھƷһħ衣
һħѪɫһŮӰħ֮и֣ޱȵĿ޺֮
ζ
΢΢һЦһħֱһ£ڵľ׽Ŀд󰧺֮
ˣ棡
һŤĺӰһ¸ǰϥ£
ӵ˵
ŤӰǣѾЩȷʵѾ翤ҶȷʵֻһͨˣݾŴûйħҶҶûκιϵ
ոһĨâЩһЦô˵ʹ书ɱһոߵĵܻܵסȤһˣȻ书ɱЩ߹ĳߡȤֿвħߵ书ô硣ֻ
ŤӰһˣҶѾ񹬣
ոһЦҲеһˣɱѵҪһռ忪սɣ
ŤӰĬһᣡ
ոһЦָһһźɫӷɵŤӰУһֻȴһҪԳɱӽиĹ
ŤӰǣϣ
ǡ
һòһԼʮ꣬ʮ崿ɰŮڽֵ֮š
һ崿ɰŮһĵʦ֣СƳʲôģΪʲôҪ
ҶƷƣ֮ǰ֮УһҶǵķ书ɱӵܻף
ܷƷһŵʲôȻ÷˵书ɱһӵܣôܣ
޷սʤħҡ塢ɣĹһ˾Ȼɱһӵܣֱ졣
ҶһĨ֮ɫʵǸҶǣѾ񹬡ǰҪУһſ÷书
ܷƷ֮һĨ˷֮ɫһſ÷书Ǳǵõ֣˵ҲԸһħߣϣħ
֮дԶƮһƣһɿֲޱȵаɫϢԶϯ
Ҷһһƣʱɫ䣬ʧеаϢã翤µħĹkô
ܷƷˢһ±ò԰ޱȣ֮һĨ֮ɫĹôkô⣿
Ĺ翤µħĹһ


1391 ħ֮ʬ
ҶܷƷƶħߣĹΪУֻ·һҲᱻĹۣ޷
Ĺ
ôĹô⣿

֮Уһݵĸǿ߿ǿֲƣɫ䣬߶ħ֮˷ȥ
Ƕ⣡аϢҪһ˵Ľࡣ
幤̻˵һ̧ͷüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨâ΢΢һΣ֮ʧ
һ뿪ңͿһƬ߷ƬƬĺɫϢϯ
Ҷ֮У˶һ̱ڵϣ岻ϳ鴤
һޱȵĺɫĹ֮£ƶ
ǣҶҵأﲻЩĵطҹ
΢΢һΣԳԽٵĿֲٶһ³ǳǽ֮ϣһɫĴĹȵ
Ҷǣܺãȥɣ
ǺɫĴĹ֮УȻѿһ߾ơãֲɢһ˿˿ŤʬʬֱγһƬֲޱȵʬֱӳ
û뵽һҲʬս
浭һЦֱӴӳǽ֮Ծ£ǺɫĹڵķȥ
֮䣬һͷͷõʬֱȥ

кâһȻǴһȦһ¸ֳһͷԳӰͬΪһͷֲԳ񣬻Ӷеһͷͷõʬ֮С
һɿֲޱȵķ籩ʬ֮γɣǺɫĹڵķһֱȥ֮еʬͳͳ˺顣
Щõʬ屻֮嶼ðһ˿˿Դ룬ûڣȻҽ
Ҷվڳǽ֮ϣʬ֮ŵ棬ĿɿڴŲ֮ɫǸһҶǣײеļһֻǶħߣ
ܷƷָЩҽʬ壬֮Ų֮ɫʦ֣Ĺĺʬǿ𣿺Ĺ𣬺ʬôɻˣ
ҶĿɿڴҲţҶǵʲô书ôô죿ȻĹĺʬɱ̫ˣ
ʬȻɱˣ
ҪɱһʬҪĴħ֮Ƿˣӵħ֮
ѵ˵ʱ֮ڣҲ̷һħ񣿡

ЩΧ۵ǿһĨ֮ɫ
Ĺµһʬս֮⣬ǺʬôɱĹ𣬺ʬƾֹԣĹųΪ翤֮Ϊµĳ
㵽ʲôˣôɱҵĺʬ
ǺĹ֮Уһŭӵ
Ҷǣɱˣ
һĨâߵǺĹ֮ǰ
һ˿˿ɫϢǺĹ֮ӿһɫ࣬˫ֳźɫָףһͷɫħʬǺĹ֮л˳
һħʬĿһۣһĨɵ֮ɫҶǣǺھҺԩ޳𣡣ǻռ׵ĸոɱ㡣飬ʹΣ
ԭˣڶĹʮȤȻɱңǾȥɣ
ɱһתʵʿ֮һȭźھֱӺȥ
ҺͻķɲͬҿǾħߣ㣬
ھһĨâһŤͷ­һ±һͷһ¸ֳһצݺץȥ
ȭޱȣһȭǺǵצ֮ϣֲıһ˲佫Ǻھצ顣
ھ֮ϵһֱѿkצҲһ˲ָ˳һ˺
ǺھצӴϣһ̶ޱȵĽĦ֮ıƤû˺ѡ
ھһţʧеķôôǿ
ˣ֪ô࣡
ɭһЦȭһȭںھ֮ϣ˲佫˴ʿ֮
ûõģƾ㣬ҪɱңҪһꡭΪʲô
ھһţһȴɫ䣬һĨ־һ˲kըѿһ˿˿Դ֮һûڡ
ھˣ
Ĺˣˣ
ôܣǿǺĹħκβ˵ĺĹ

һ𺧵Ŀⶼϡ
΢΢һΣһһɢɭĺĹ֮С
ȥ


ǺĹ֮УǸֺǡһǺĹǸֺǾעһĪ׷׵
ȭЩ֮ϣЩͳͳ飬һ·ѹȥ
ˣҪߡߣȴĽԼ޾ľ
һ紵֮۳һޱȵħӰһħӰĶ淢һĺС
һĨ֮ɫһЦҪɱңƾַôܰõ
һߣ㲻𡣾֮䣬Ҳʿֱ
Ҫɱ棬ֻ֮ϵĿֲԳֶ֣ͨΣ黯شʿӡǡ
һַ֮սУ֣߳ӡǻ顣
֮ӵߣҲֻܹ黯飬滨ǧɱ

һȭһħӰ֮ϣһȭͽħӰ顣
ȥ

ģ

һޱȵԹǺĹ֮ӿһŤԹոշɳͱֱӺ顣
ҵˣǺĹԴͷһħʬ壡
һǺĹͿһͷϳŹǣһ׵ħ񾲾һڽ֮ϡ
һħһɫۼףһɿֲޱȵħ֮ؿһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
Ǹ֮УһѪɫħ֮Ǻɫħ֮ţȻȥϣȻûˡ
֮еĳ֮Դͷħ񣡡
濴һħʬ壬֮ɫ
ֻҪһħʬ壬һħ֮ԴȪܹ취Ϊһħ̤Ķ㡣
ֱǰһħʬֱץȥ
˵ϣ£ҡΪЧ׼ҿ㲽볬λ㣡
һħʬкâһһӴޱȵ־һϣͼ³Ϊkͽ
ǿĲԣô˵ǵk˿֮ϵħ֮ס˵kûħ֮ѹƣkͿٴԣkҪļƷȡжԵħ֮һκھɱΪӿڣɱ翤ķˣѪϧƻˣ
һĨ֮̾ɫµ˺ھδǰĿģħӸȤ


1392 ħ
ħӴ־治Ϊħһץ
Ĵħһ˲䣬һɿֲޱȵħ֮һħ֮ӿʴȥ
޴
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ֻһͨĴʿǿߣħ֮һ壬Ի屻ֱӳű
һߣ㲻𣬱ԴӡӡǣӴޱȵħ֮һûڣͱֱɡ
㡭ôҪ㡭˭ҡһ
һħһĨ֮ɫҽţеһͳͳɵһɶ
Ƕ֮ϵħʬ壬ҲֱƮɢҽ
һħħֱ֮»ʿ֮۳һʿħȱħˣ
汾ѾߣټʵҪĿľǱ֤ܹ֮лȥ
֮УǿơκһħӵɱʵҲҪһǿı
Ӵޱȵħۣ֮֮ѹûָ֮С
һĨź֮ɫ桢ʿ֮Ĳ̫޴ˡҵӡ޷ħļ䣬ϧ
ܹõħļ䣬ܹħţͨЩħſĹ
ɰʿ֮Уǿף޵С֮淨ĲͬҲħļ䡣ǴԽͬ븶Ĵۡ
ʿڵ໥֮ķڡǿߴԽգܹӳԼȫʢ
ۡۺܹʿڵӵе߼սҲΪӵߵļӻԪ½⻷ԭ֮£ܹӳ߼ս
Щħᾧħ֮۳ıҲ糬ıƷ
Χһһ۾ͿħʬһߴʮףħᾧγɵСɽ
΢΢һ֮Уҿħᾧ䵱صԴһԸõ档
ÿһ涼ӵ־Ǹ־ǹľ󻯡вǸ棬־Ż
Ĵһ֣ͻܵ־ų⣬˳ù
һ仯ΪһģһҶǣΪ档Լǻһ֣еķת
ʿ壬ʿطأ־ų⣬ùǿ׷ɱûгɳĻᡣ
ϧûħطҾͿԽħĴʽͽ׷š
ǺĹ֮ĴѰңҵƱȴûҵκطһĨϧ֮ɫ
һħʬ֮ǺĹϷƱʧ
ǺĹΧŵһɫϢҲֱʧ
ô£
׷ʲô

ЩΧ۵ǿǼһĻһĨ֮ɫ
ڶǿߵע֮УǺĹ֮˳
ţ
Ȼ˻ŴӺĹ֮߳
ôܣħǺĹ֮УҲǾһ
Ĺ翤µ֮һͱ˻ٵˣ

֮ϵĸǿ߼һĻжһĨ֮ɫԼ۾
ĹȻĹˣ̫ˣ
ǵһؽ֮Уոüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫ
Ĺ֮еĺھ翤֮һպĴħͷھҲһħߣʵʿڻոߵУҲֻЩѲĽɫ
ǺĹȴǼΪֲĴڣһħǿĹ֮ͷںĹ棬˼ʶĹ֮ڵײ¡
澹ȻǺĹ֮лųֱ졣
ƻ΢ıһˣ
ոüͷ΢΢һ壬һɫ֮Уԭʧ
ҹ֮ͤڡ
ʢһмһƵǣһǶˡ㣬ǵֻ¶ҪˡǿǺĹײеĳ֮һÿһγĨȥСҾһ
ʢߵʢҲһĽݵĿ档
浭һЦҲԱˡ
ǺĹ棬ҲûȤȥǺĹǿȻĹҲֽɱˡ
ʢһڴǣǰסúϲ㣬ҵĺֵܣԸȢƽޣ
ʢҲһţҧĿ档
Ϊʲôޣ
ʢ̹Ȼڵݣ֮λضһŮӡܹΪƽѾʢҸʣ֮λ
ʢҲ΢΢һ
۹֮УһӿȢһޡƽޣƽһ֮ҲЩλҲ衣һ֮У޵λԱˡ
ʢҲһ˼壬Щҿ⡣һŭЩңô֪
濴ʢһ΢΢һЦã
ʢ崿ãɰһŷĶϣŮȻܾ
ûɣ֤һ׮Եĵ
һЦԲǧ׵¹ⶼ¹֮У̤¶ںˮ棬ͬ¹֮߳һ崿ʳ
ӣ
ʢһӿһ˿˿ĽԱ΢΢һʧ
ʢϿ֮֮Ҳӿһ˿˿ԱҲ֮еĵһˣ֮׷𣬿һȾѷɫࡣ
֮ҲֻһЩɫŮܹ볬֮еŮȣŮ١
ȻһЦλҪҪҶɷλһ㵥ദʱ䣿
Ȼû⣬롣ߣ
ʢʮֹϵվ𣬴ʢȥ
ϸĴ棬֮Ҷǣ˲𣬾ȻĹѹˡĹʲô
浭ĹĶ˵
һ̾˵ô˵Ҳʽ֮УΪһħͽˣ
ΪһħͽȻԼˣвͻᱻһħ֮ɷˡһЩ̵ħֱЩͽѪꡣ
ߣ·ĬĻ
ǰҪɱһûңȡǸյħ֮񡣡
һĨ֮ɫħ֮ʲô
ħԶЩߵĿֲڡkǴһߵ֮СҪӰ磬ͱͨħ֮񡣡


1393 
ȻһЦֻҪħ֮ȥ׼ħ񣬾ܹħĻģħ
治Ϊʮ侲ԭˣȻҪıôӦǿǰȥᡣֻ¸ҵļΪ֮ġôùkǣ
ħΪ֣λħλħλħԼ˵֮еħʡһư̷ħλħЩ֮еħʹͽսλħ񣬵kȻλħħ񡣡
һҵ鱨ҲֻݵһЩ鱨
һΣȷʵħǿ߳֡ħʹͽǿߡȻܹӺĹ֮л߳ʵӦͻƴﵽ˰ɣȻһЦ
ħߴԼӦʿһʿħǴʿǿߡ
浭ûһһλΰڵľˣѾͻƣΪһħ
㣬վһ·
ĿһۣЩ䣬һ̾磬̷ħΨһĵ·
Ϊҿʼ̷ħˡ
΢΢һЦҲûн⿪ᡣ
Աʶۣһֲޱȵߣ㲻𣬾ˣҲʿڵǴ˵֮еħʣҲûʸ̷
΢΢һЦħĸ֣ȫһħ񡣡
üͷ΢΢һĸˣ
ûһħơƾᵽħĸ̫ˡ
սƷô֣
˻õսƷˡֻõսƷ鼯壬ݸ˵Ĺ׶䡣
һᣬʮֹϵã
κǿҪԴѾʿ֮ҪٽһͬҪԴ
ЩҹħҲʮȤħ֮ͨǾ綾ȴ׵Ľ֮ɣԼ
翤ɽɽۡ
ߣҶǣôļӣȻ˵ôˣ
һ̷ͷһɫսףĿ࣬òӢһʮֲ
һȥֻʮ꣬ͯվ飬ɢһζĻŮһЦӢ磬ڻûеԼʱ䣬ٵһҲ١
Ӣ࿴ŮһۣһĨ֮ɫ΢Ц÷÷ķϣҾٵȵȡ
Ӧûٰɣ
һ쫷Զһ£һƸ֣ͬһ̤նߵɽɽۡ
ȻһЦȻûгٵԼʱ仹һӡ
ܵҶǣΪһ£һλǺƶӢ࣬һλɽԬ÷÷
΢΢һЦλãҶǡ
Ԭ÷÷һЦҶǸã
ӢһĨ֮ɫһЦ񹬣Ҷǣ񹬵洫ӶŮġѵҲŮĲɣ
ޱ飬һ¸ֳһͷԳӰǰ̤һһȭһֲޱȵħ֮ӢֱӺȥ
㡭
Ӣɫ䣬ôҲû뵽һԲֱӶ֣һ¸ֳһɫۼס
¡
һ֮УӢֱӱɳʮףײһ޴ұ֮ϣһѪ
ûһ̣ߺã
ɱһͬһͷޱȵĹԳһسӢǰ˫ȭһֲޱȵ֮Ӣ֮ϡ
Ӣϵħ֮ƣһɫۼ׸֣ħ֮ƣƴֵĹ
ˣס֣ҶǣӢ࣡
һ֮һ»֮ҫһ³֮䣬һ¹һӢֱӷֿ
ǿʿħѾǿʿĳ߹Ȼǿ
Ŀ΢΢һѸٵһӢ֣ҲΪ̽һʵӢķǿҲͱɱ
ӢǵѪĵ棬ҧгݵӣһͷ蹷Ҫڶ棬Ҿ˳
֮кâһȵӢ࣬Ҫ˳˳Ҷ񹬵ˣȻͱǸҲҪˡ
Ӣһ±û͹˫ȭգҧһһǸԲҶǣ֮ǰҴˡ
䵭֪ͺã
ȻˣǾ߰ɣ
΢΢һЦָһţһ¹γɵֱӸ֣һƬصĹĻһ
¹γɵ֮Уһ´ԭʧ¹֮С
˲
һĨ֮̾ɫһ˿΢΢һɨšѾʧˡ

ͷȥ
һصǣ֮˵ϣ׸ĸطȥ
Ԭ÷÷ǰһ޴У֮һĨâǻҶǣǾȻһΪǻڻɽҰء
΢΢һЦӵܣʳˣôܻɽҰֻļ尾Ҳ֮¶мűǵ
ӵܻÿһħʹѧͽϵĳߣӵԶ˿ֲޱȵ
ҶưһСеļκӵǰһֵһᡣǴһ͹˵ȻԸĽҰ浱Ұˡ
Ĵ֮£һһҺƵ¥һµ̨֮ͤϣԶ
ʮ֮⣬һƬռΪׯ԰һׯ԰һһεĿꡣ
ӢһĨɱЩ˷ܵʲôʱ֣
ȻһЦļȻѾû䣬Ȼе̡һĲֹǣˣֻҪšȻ֡
̨֮ͤСĿһׯ԰ȴ¼ķ
ҹʮľڷ˵ʲôÿһħʿϵĳߣʮʲô
ˣ
Ԭ÷÷Ȼһѵ
ֻԶһ紵һֲޱȵаԶγһƬޱȵа
һֻŸף˵а֮ʮͻأĳ֣ĸׯ԰֮⡣
һ׵ĸûгߵʱȫѹһֻʮ˵Ĵݺ޵С
Ϲħ񣡣Ҿһ
һ֮Уһ
ׯ԰֮Уһͷ¶βĶƾЩҲһ壿ǲ
һɹɿֲޱȵϢڶʮһɫۼףͷϳֻħǣһβͣòɢаϢŮׯ԰֮г˳
ʮļħһһ֮УӶͬѹһ㣬޼ɵɱһ


1394 
һʮļħ߹֮£ϵı廯飬·ɽ
Щеʮļħϣͱļǿħ֮γɵıϵס
澲ķħ֮ʿơȴʿǿöࡣϾ溣ǿߴ
κʿѧͽһһʿͻһǿޱȵ޷Ǹ޷ɱһһʿ
ħҲͬˣһΪħ߾ͻħ֮塣ħ֮ΪֲͨһմȾͻᱻʴֹ
һȻǸȺ֮дһҵǿͷ­һµڵϣ˫ôģг˾
ǹޱȵҵǿ֮вϴ֮һҵǿֱħ֮ɢͷ­䣬һʬ塣
ħ
ׯ԰֮дһпһһɫۼףͷϳֻħǣףɢſֲϢļǿֱ߳
һļǿϢԶԶ˺ھȻһħĿֲǿߡ
һǿһ̤ؿѣͬڵһ㽵սһһץ
һŤһ±仯Ϊһһ֮Уһͷ­ƤʺɫĹ
ʤ㣡죬һ嶼Ҫ
ħЦ岻ϵŤһͬһһʤնȥ
ʤӶħצһֲޱȵħ֮һ飬Ѹײڶ֮ƳħǰצһץħڣӲĽħһѪ˺¡
ǻڵʲô֣ٲ֣Ҿͳˣ
ħһĨ֮ɫαˣĺе
ħûã
һļ֮УһϹһֻ۾ͷϳɽǣһɫսףսǶһŮͷ­Ĺǿߴһڰ֮߳Ц
һɫħȻӴ֮гǺɫħ֮У߳һ֣ԸУޱȵĴŮ
һźɫԲһ´ԶһŤĹâҫǺɫԲ֮߳һߴʮףɫֳһĹˡ
ʤһĻʱһһĨ֮ɫǹħħŮڹˣ˾Ȼˣ
ü΢΢һȻĸħͷһοЩˡ
ħĴħͷ֮պյħͷĴħͷκһĴħͷ֣ȴޱȡ
ӢࡢԬ÷÷Ҳüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨɵ֮ɫ
ǹħһЦʤκһ˶Ķ֣֡ǵĶ֡ħ񣬷һӡ
ãħ͸ǣ
ʤĬãһ˲·һٶ꣬һҧӻһͷϳһֻǣֳһꪵħԳ
һħԳ֮ϣſֲޱȵħ֮һɺޱߵѹħ֮
ħ񣡣
ħ񣡣

һһħڳǿжһḬ֮̃ɫ
㣬ħ
ʤһĨ⣬һħֱӶħ
ħҵˣ
ħһḬ֮̃ɫһץħֱץС
һڹ˼ϢһسħɱӿӶ޴ݺݵħȥ
ħһոչǹħһЦһͷͷϵ֮һɫħһºħ
ħ΢΢һֹͣһ˲䡣
Ǻڹ˳ƺݺһħ֮ϣħҳһ⽴
һŤһԴٴ۳ħ壬kɫ԰ף޺޵ĿԼͬһۣһҧһ磬Զȥ
ħʮֽƻ֪Լش֮Ѿʧȥ˶ħʸҲֻ·һ
һޱȵӰӺȻ֣ϵһħԶȥ
ӰӸոշɳħŮȻȻһЦӰһָ
һޱȵħӰӵ֮ţǸӰһ·һޱȵĲҽУ̱ڵϣϵ鴤ĸͬһĲϣɻ֡
һһڰǿǷ׷׳֣ħڵķֱӷȥ
һħڲͬǿκǿһõħ񣬶Ϊǿ߹Ŀꡣ
һһǿ߲ϵˡ䡣
֣
֮һĨâ̤¹⣬ħķȥ
ӢࡢԬ÷÷ǿҲ˳ȥ
΢һᣬһĨâҲ˳ȥ
ʤվׯ԰֮ڵһ¥֮ϣһĿԶǿļ幩ħ
ʤվŶʮŮеĿŮ
ħ֮֮£ŷħӵۣŷħҶ̫ĺӡ
˭
ʤȻɫ΢΢һ䣬ȵ
Ҷǣ
һƽޱȵ֮УӺڰ֮л˳ֱʤ
ʤһĨâҶǣǸԷ֮ɱӵܵҶǣ
Է֮ɱһӵܣ糬ߵȦȻ󲨡񹬣ҽǾԳ׸񹬣ǿ׷ɱ
浭ûң
ʤħѾǵС
΢ЦҪҲħ񣬶ļطԼ֮صĸֵ伮
ļȻһûҡǼȻħ񣬶һܹħǿߣ֮һЩ̡
ʤһЦЩطļĺģΪһװ͸㣿
ҿþԳǿǿħľ񹦡ʧȥħ֮Ѫͻ᲻ϵ˻Ĵ֮󣬾Ҳûп۳ħ̤֮ħߵǼط͵伮ô
˵úãһһѡ񣬾㣬дԳ񹦡
ʤкâһȻһצֱץȥ
ȻҪ棬Ҫȭͷ
һĨâڣǰ̤һһȭһͷԳӰֱӸ֣
һɲ֮䣬ȭͷֱ˺ʤķһȭʤ֮ϣһףײһ֮ڡ

ǿ
ҶǣǷˣôôǿ
ɲħ֮
ǿķˣ

ڳʮļӵܼһĻĿɿڴԼ۾ʤһħȻһشֱ졣


1395 ħ֮ս
ܺãҶǣԳ񹦹Ȼҿҵط㽻
ʤǷ֮߳һħ֮΢΢һԼϵĻҳȫɣŵ֮ɫĶ档
ǿħ书֮мֱ죬û߽书硣
Ҳֻߣܹ书֣ԼޣһֱͻƵħ֮

ʤĿ˸һᣬתׯ԰֮ȥ
΢΢һЦ˿ûħᣬʤׯ԰ڲȥ
һϰ߲صͨһ֮ڡ
ǵ֮Уһյյͭǵƣĵƹ⽫ǵյ硣
һ޴ĵ֮ڣһ޴ܣ֮У鼮
ʤһĨâЦļҵؼ
΢΢һ¶һ˿˿Ц⣺
ҶԴӳΪ翤֮׺Ҳ翤顣漰鼮ȴ֮١
ļҵؼֲ֪̰һԿס
ҿЩؼٽԳ񹦽㣡
ֱ̤֮ڣһ鼮ķš
һ鼮һУԶķҳܿһݾͱȫļС
֮󣬹ĿһĿʮж˵Ѿʮɡ
ʱ䵽ˣ
ʤȻ¶һޱȵЦݣһ¸ֳϢû֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬ǶһɺɫϢ֡


Ⱦң

һޱȵĲҽ֮֮֮еķ˶һֺ;һıøɱ񣬾ͳͳʧһ߾߸ʬ
ʲô
׷ʲô
⵽׷ʲô

ЩħǿǼһĻжӿһ˿˿ëȻĸо
׼ħ׼ʽļ壬úݶȻǵʮԼЩǿߵΪӣħ׼ʽúݶ
֮һĨ־֮ɫһҧһ¹֮Уȥ
ЩʶǿҲڵһʱϳһħ׼ʽжӿһ˿˿⣬һ˷ȥ
һħһŤһɫħӵkĿ˵kߵһħǿڡ
Ҫ
һħǿһĨ֮ɫһĲҽֱ֮ӱħɸʬ
ħһǿߵѪ֮һŤһɿֲޱȵħѹħֱ֮ӿ
һͷϳһֻǣֳꪣɢ޾ħԳħħ֮߳
ˣˣһѪٴλýҲ׳Ϊħʹͽ
ǵ֮ڣʤһĨЦޱȡ
üͷ΢΢һ建ô˵һⱩ¶٣Ϊһε׼ʽ
ʤһĨԹ֮ɫЦû˵ѪȵЩħֻǵѪΪӣܹ׼ʽΪ˷ʽļһٶϵ
滺Ҫһٶϵܹ׼ʽ㻹Ƿ񡣡
ʤ־д죺һжֵõģֻҪܹ׳Ϊħʹͽļܹ֮Сݴȥǿȥݡݡ
һͷԳħſһһǵĺɫϢû˵kĿС
̺ʮѪĺɫϢһͷԳħһĨϷ֮ɫָһš
һħ֮γɵԳħ֮ӿЩߵħϯȥ
»֮Ļ
һҧ֮кâһӡҫһƬ»Ȼ֣γһƬ»ɴĻ
»ɴĻޱȣȻħʹͽǿһҲǿס
һħһ´»ɴĻ֮ϣ׾ٵĹᴩ»ɴĻ˳ƴϡ
ˣ
֮һĨ֮ɫеͳͳ飬һħסԳħֱȥ
ЩħʩչʲôطһħסϵԳħߡ
һħʮͻأĳ֮ڣһ²ϡ
һĨ֮ɫƾһħԼϣȥ
һɫĹâ΢΢һͿԼһɫĲһ޴Ĳ֮ϡ
Ǿ޴Ĳ֮ϣһɫĲ̣ǲһħ
Ԭ÷÷ӢࡢǹħħŮڹˡոߵħǿ߶ڲ֮ڣһҰס
Ǿ޴һߣһͷԳħ񣬵kһϷʵĿŲ֮ϵħǣһĨζɫ
ͷԳħһץֱӽǺڹץУһѪҺӵkĿнͬʱӵkĿдǺڹһëȻĲҽ֮
Ǻڹ˵Ĳҽ֮׵kܵ˲˵ĶԴɫ䣬žֺ;֮ɫ
ҧеʤң񹬵洫Ҫɱң񹬲Źһģ
ʤվһߣɭһЦ洫ӣƽʱȻԸ㡣⣬ΪļңļҵħԼѾʼʳûܹϵkһζˣ˭Ȳǡ
ԳħԵڹ֮۾¶һ˿֮ɫϵϢһǿʢһ֣Ԭ÷÷ֱץȥ
ҪңȾңӢ࣬Ⱦң
Ԭ÷÷һ±ŵɫ԰ףһԵӢƴš
Ӣɫ԰ףһµͷ­ԸԬ÷÷ӣԳħע⡣
Ԭ÷÷һȥҪң
ãҾ;һ
һƽһһɽǣֳһ󽣵ħʮͻأĴ汳ͻȻ֣һԳħڡ
һԳħ⧲֮䣬ħ֮һࡣֻǵkȴûһŭХһȭǹħ֮ϡ
ǹħĲ֮£ֱ˵һԳħϣſһҧݺһҧԳħĲ֮ϣһɿֲޱȵ֮Գħħ֮
һͷԳħһĨŭ֮ɫȭϺǹħϣǹħһ󶴡
ǹħȴԳħϲϵ˺ҧԳħ
ħ񣡣
һħˣ
һħ̷ħ񣡣
ҶǵʲôˣôħΪս

ڳ˼һĻĿɿڴԼ۾


1396 ħ
һͷԳħħ֮ɣԽԽӲıһͷǹħֱɡ
һͷǹħԳħĻ󲿷֮ſںݺݵҧԳħĺ֮
һɿֲޱȵ֮˲䱬ԳħıԴ֮
һĸߵ֮ڣһԳĹһ֮ڡ
ô
һɢſֲϢϴͷԳħž֮ɫ
һֻѪںݺݵҧԳħؿڣһɿֲޱȵ֮ͬƹ֮һ㣬һԳħıԴ֮
飡
һԳħһâһһŭ
֮ڣԳһӿһûһԳħ塣һֻλħԳħһɢλħĿֲϢһѪںȥ
Գħȫһ֮£һѪֱӱ飬kҲһ󶴡
һϸСɺڶȻ֣˳ûԳħ֫ٺһ
ҲҲ
һԳħ֮ɫţȴϸСɺڶֱɣһķֽ⣬ʧһա
֮УһǹħϢȴһ±ÿֲ̤֮溣֮Ϊħ֮еһλħ
һǴϷ׹¡
Գħˣ
ħ䣡ѵħսֿʼ𣿡
ħ䣬ħսǰ𣿡

֮еطһǿ߿׹һĨ֮ɫħÿһ϶Ӧһǳһ׹䣬Ҳζһħ䡣磬ǲ飬ֻħսʱڣŻħ
ħһ֮ϣһάȵ硣
ħ֮Уħ֮ԼӴޱȵħܡħ֮У洦ɼǿޱȵĳħ߼ĳħֻ֮ʳײĴڡ
ħħ֮УҲֻħ֮еĸԴõkǲϵĽ
һλħǷ˽֮棬Ҳֻܹǧҡħ֮еkȥܹʮϡĲ֮£ȻûʲôħԸڷ˽硣
Գħˣ
˭ɱ˵k
˭

Գħħ֮ҲССĺ䶯
κһħ溣ϵǿߣ֮еħսԶͬǿߡһʿ溣ǿһλħɱ˾ʿ溣ǿߡ
ǡ
һͷǹħԳħ֮󣬻ſֲޱȵħѹǲ֮ϵħɨһۡ
ǹħע֮£Ǽʮħžֺ;֮ɫ޷֮
ħҲ»ʿ溣ǹħһεĴڡ
ֻҪһǹħһܹɱڳһϵħ
ħ񣡼ȻѾңôǾֻѡҪôҪôΪҵͽ̷ң
һǹħһĨâЩħ
ħŮʮֹϵһӦԸ̷ΰħ񣡣һз׸
ܺã
ħĲ֮£ָһһħ֮һû˺ħŮ֮ڡ
һħ֮һûħŮڣʴźħŮڵħ֮
ħ֮໥ɣǺħŮһʹŤ
۳ħԶԶͨħ񣬶Ȩܣ׾ٽħŮڵħ֮ɣעڵkħ֮

ħŮħ֮ȫʴ֮һ¹ħǰ
Ը̷ΰħ񣡣һз׸

ЩħǱĵľħ֮ͻԼ澹Ȼܹ׵Ļħ֮ЩħǶ׷״ţͼΪЧ
󲿷ֵħ񶼸߸ϣסħ֮ڡ
֮УǿĴڣЩ̷λħĻħʹͽЩ̷λħĻħʹͽǿҲ溣֮Դλ
һڷħ񣬾һλħҲǿͶ
ʤһǿҲڵϣһϵŵk
ԳħһΪ̷kһҲܹĸ֪Լڵħ֮ڻɢûܹѰҵһħ̷ôʮ֮һħ֮ͻᰲȫɢΪʱȽǿķˡ
һͷħָһħ֮ûЩħڣЩħڵħ֮ͳͳɡʴתΪkеħ֮
ͨķ˾ħľˣҲһ죬ΪħǿߡֻһЩţܹܴħ֮һ죬Ϊħʹͽǿߡ
֮УһмʮħͳͳתΪħħһ³Ϊ֮Ϊֲ֮һ
һĨâ氧Ҷǣ񹬵ˣŷΰ¹ħ¹ħһλħҲܸıŷħΰħ飬õkŹҡ
ΰħҵѣҲ¹ħͽܷŹһΡ
ħɭһЦ¹ħλħͽ鲼档ɱ˵kһͨͽkҲ鷳
¹ħľߣ
һҧüһ¸ֳһ̺¹ӡǣһ˿˿ʥ¹ӡ֮л
ǸӡǴ¹ħľߣҲ¹ħӵͽ߼ƷκɱΪ¹ħӵĿꡣ
¹ħ񣡼ȻˣҾ͸kһӣ㲻ΪҪҵʹͽҶǽ伮ȥǹ˵ҵ־
ħһ֣ͱһɿֲޱȵħ֮ţɳȥԭʧ
һκˣһĨ֮ɫʹͽҶǣȻΪһħʹͽǿ£Ȼܹһ˶ܹѧһħУҲ档
ڷ˽֮Уħκһ֮жѾǸ߲㡣ħʹͽ
κһħʹͽλħħʹͽλҲ񹬹ĴƽƽΪħʹͽʵǿޱȣħ־
ħŮ֮һĨʣĶ棺ʹͽȻħʹͽҲһϵеԡ
ոĿһۣһĨɬΣʹͽȻħʹͽ޳ҾȻҪ¡
Ϊħʹͽħ־ڳħħǶ޷򣬾ֻ·һ


1397 ɱݵһ
һ£ǸħֻܹԹԵһ崫еط
ֱӳǸط֮Уķÿһ춼ڲϵĽš
һ£ǸħǱĴռĿԴС
һ޴֮ڣһֱߴʮĻеԲصӡǻеԲ֮и֡
濴һеԲһĨ˷֮ɫڳɹˣļأħ֮ΪԴȪļأڴԻеųⲢǿҡʿȴʮų⡣
һļһһһ̺ħ֮ս˴ļ֮߳վߡ
üͷ΢΢һ壺ԴھͲԴˣλħĴڡд˵֮еħʡǾǿȵ߼ǿߣҪռԴѣ
֮УλħʵʥʿеǿȴʥۡħʸǿȵߵĿֲڡ
ʱƵħļأѾѹһʿǿߡڷ伸޵УһЩλħע⣬κһλħħ֮н٣Ϳѹ档
һᣬϵķһͳĴ㣺ܹðգӵ޾Ԫеǻᡣ
ʹͽˣΪԴ𣿡
һ乬֮ڣһž޴ɳ֮ϣħŮԸޱȵħĻУȻһЦ
滺ûѾʹͽ֮ΪһħʹͽҪ׾ʹͽܹ޵У
ħŮ֮һĨâȻˣβħսħսսŸֹ죬ħʬ壬ƵħһεħսڣʮûȤ
Ŵ۾΢΢һħս⣡
ÿһħ溣ϵǿߡkǵħ֮ǿޱȣ˴֮Ϊ˱磬󲿷ֵħ񶼻ѡħħս֮н֡
ħսھħļս֮Ҳı仯浽ǸֹΣգͬҲޱȵı
ħսսλħĿֲڡ
ħսΧǳΪħʹͽ԰kܹħսΧռ֮вɼı
ʮħɽɽۡ
һâ΢΢һһһɢħֲϢǿ߻ħɽɽۡ
κһħǿ߶Գưһһ˻һСɽۣҲһħ
һ»Թɵ¹Զ۶ƥ¹ҫޱȵ¹ԡ
֮һԼʮ꣬һɫװѩԸоף³Ÿ߹ʥࡢŵľɫˡ
ɫվŮÿһʳޱȣ֮еһˡ
񹬹ȻԳˣ
ʹͽе񹬹ȻҲԳˣ
ôᾪĴ

ڳħ񹬹һĨ֮ɫʧе
ħս֮УΣأвħ񶼻䡣һ˵ֻһЩħȥռԴҲˡħʹͽǶײյء
һЩħʹͽ䣬ħħ˵ҲһСĴϾܹΪħʹͽ˲ࡣ
¹֮˱ܡ
Ȼֻʮ񹬹ʵȴǿޱȣǰĸ֣ûԸǿߡ
һͷչߴǧ׵ľͷɺ׼Ԧһ쫷磬Զ߷
Ǿͷɺ֮ϣվһȥʮӣһʵĺıޱȵ⡣
ɺ׽̽ʹͽڶǿߣ
ɺ׽ܹ̽ʹͽеڶʮλѪ̽Ŀֲڣ
ô⣿

һ𺧵Ŀ⼯˷ɺ׽̽ϡ
񹬹ҲĿ΢΢һɺ׽̽һޱȵĴС
ɺ׽̽һһƬħɽɽۣ֮ͬ˱ܡ
ԶȻһ̫һɺޱߵ̫֮˷ȥ
̫֮Уһͷ˫ħţһ̫սԶ۶
һ̫ս֮УһŻƽսףͷţǣ·һ̫һɢ޾̫֮Ŀӡ
̫ţħ̽
ʹͽһǿߣ
ǿħĿֲڣ

Щħһ̫ţħ̽ɫ䣬һ˷ȥҳ̫ţħ̽ǰ
񹬹ɺ׽̽һ̫ţħ̽һĨɵ֮ɫ
̫ţħ̽ǹϵݵһǿߣ񹬹ַɺ׽̽kһս
򡢺׾ţȻˡ֪ǶҪˣҪֻܹɱǣ
̫ţħ̽ɨ񹬹ɺ׽̽һۣһĨɱ
񹬹ɺ׽̽һۣĬ
̫ţħ̽ݵһǿߣͬҲԵޱȣһԲϣпܱսǿ߶Ըﱬս
ħŮǵҶǣ
ħʹͽ

ǺħŮһԻ߳һ±ϳЩħǵۡ
ħжһĨĽ֮ɫΪõħһ죬Ϊħʹͽ˿ֲޱȵ
ǵҶǾ㣡
̫ţħ̽һת˫֮һ̫âĶ棬һĨɱ
üͷ΢΢һ壬̫ţħ̽һۡ
ħŮ̫ţħ̽һۣ΢΢һ֮һĨ־֮ɫˣһλʹͽһˣ̫ţħ̽
Ҷǣʲô£
ҵһ̷ħɱˡȻҶǣôҾȥڵظ֮вټį
̫ţħ̽âȻһȭһֲֿޱȵֱ̫Ӹ֣·һ̫ȻֱӺȥ
ȻôҾͳȫ㣡
кâһһ׻еսȻɳ֮С
ħ·ǻеս֮и֣һɺޱߵħ֮˲ûڣֱһȭһ̫֮ϡ
һħӰֱӸ֣ſѪڣ¶һĿֲݣһھͽһֱ̫¡
ȭͷһ˲˺գ̫ţħ̽壬ֲޱȵ˲䱬̫ţħ̽飬·ɽ
ɱˣ
ǿݵһˣ
Ҷһȭɱˣôܣ

ЩݵǿǿǱ̫ţħ̽ʬ壬Ų֮ɫ


1398 ħս
һŤĹâ̫ţħ֮̽и֣γһͷ峤ߴף̫֮е̫ħţ
ڷ֮УЩ̷ĳӵǻ۵ĸħ֮⣬̷ͬһЩλħĿֲڡ
ֻҪ㹻ļƷЩħĿֲھͻ̷Ҳͬħһĸ淲˵жⷲ䣬̷ħĿֲ
̫ţħ̷ľһͷħ֮һսλħ̫ħţ
̫ħţ
ô
̫ħţײУһ٣ûʳ㹻ѪʳԲưոݡ

ڳħһͷ̫ħţɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
񹬹һͷ̫ħţ΢΢ɫ䣺ôһεļƻѵҪ𣿡
ɺ׽̽Ҳɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻԴ̫ħţߣһͲٴνħս
ʱһħһģһתΪʵһͷ̫ħţһˣֱ̫ħţϣſںݺһҧͷ̫ħţϡ
ͷ̫ħţʹһ±һֲޱȵ̫ףһħϣһķһħ
ǿֲ̫׷֮£һħȼʼգһ󽹳ζħ֮вϵӿ
һͷħȴİ̫ħţ֮ϣݺݵҧ̫ħţ֮Уһͷ̫ħţıԴ
̫ħţϵֲĻħɢŵħ֮໥֯һֲޱȵĻ籩˷ϯȥ
ħ֮ս
ǿħ֮ս
ħȻҶǵػ̫ˣ
ΨһʹͽҶֻħΨһʹͽ

Щħǿ޵еħڷɱĿϣһĨĽͼ֮ɫ
ħУֻǵkֵѪʳҲֻЩħΪ谮ħʹͽܹħʱ̹עǸ档
ħȻĸߣ֮ⷲУЩλħʹͽ֮⣬û˸
ħɽɽۣȼŴ𣬿֮е¶һǧϡ
Щħǵ֮жͷųһħ֮γɵħֵǻķա
ͷħ֮о˺һᣬһͷ̫ħţ΢΢һȫеһжɣɢ
ħһŲ̫Χһɽ֮ϣһͷ̫ħţ֮кȻֳһֲޱȵѪڣͬƹ֮һҧڵkϣŵkıԴ֮
һͷ̫ħţž֮ɫ̫֮һֲޱȵ̫һѪںݺȥ
һѪһ¸ֳһޱȵɺڶֱ̫ɣҷ̫ħţԴ
һͷ̫ħţʹޱȵķ˺һᣬձ㼶ɱԴγɵѪһա
硣
һͷ̫ħţıԴ֮ħü֮Уһ¸ֳһ̫ӡǣһɿֲޱȵ̫׻ڵkΧһλħĿֲħѹ˷ɢȥ
λħ񣡣
kȻΪλħ񣡣
ôܣ

ڳħӦħɢĿֲѹһĿɿڴ֮ɫ
֮ⷲУ󲿷ֵҡɵȳŷħλħΨЩһĽŷħλħ
һλħ֮ⷲУ޵еĴڡ֮Уеĳọ̃ħ٣򶼲һλħĶ֡
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺߹ȻãұߣҲ޷һħͽλħ񡣡
ıʾһߣһ棬ʧȥҪָȱٵҲֻԴͿԿס
һħһĨɭޱȵĹâ·ħȥ
Щħһľսһħ̳ǡ
һЩаԵħΪײУ޼ɵһٷ䣬ͻɱ䣬λħʹͽkǶɱ
һޱȵħҫһħ֮ʧ
ħȻʧ˿ĿⶼѾòͬʱӵħӻѾΪݵĵһǿߣû˸
ҶǣΪһ£һλ񹬹
֮ĹâһĨǰܵ
񹬹΢΢һЦãҶǣܹʶ
Ҳܹʶ
񹬹ԥһᣬҧʵҶǣǰħսΪǼħ񻨣
ħ񻨣
üͷ΢΢һһħʲô
ħħʬΪϵһֳ䡣ڷ缸ѾֻǶħʹͽҲһޱȵıħʹͽĵر
˵֮УһħʹͽֻҪ㹻ħ񻨾һ˿׳Ϊħ
һûҵĿҲħ񻨣
񹬹֮һĨʧ֮ɫȻһЦȻˣõħ񻨣񹬾ԲΪСħ񻨣ҲԸ⸶ӦĴ򡣡
ã
ʱ֡
һ֮أȻ䣬֮е̫΢΢һһѿһ޴ޱȵѷ졣
һ޴ޱȵѷһֱ죬쵽Ƭɽ֮У·һѴ󵶽Ƭնѿһ㡣
һâ΢΢һڳħǶʩչطһûһ޴ޱȵѷ֮ڡ
Ҳһûѷ֮ڡ
ħս
һûѷ֮УͳһѪɫ֣ŻҲĹ֮С
ҵ֮ڣħ񣬸֪ҲҲֻܹǷԲʮҡ
һ֣һ˿˿ռҫļսֱӸ֣˷Ӷȥ
ԴӻǸħ֮׵ĴǸ֮нĹѾɵ֮жÿռ塢塢ɰ塣
ʱ塢˰صİ壬ûлԿ֮ǰǿҲ޷֮жְ塣
ʬͣô˵⸽һħʬ壡
ħս֮ٹȻ۾һȥ
ֻһ߾ʯͷѪ⡢ɣңͷϳһֻ飬һųݵѪڣ˫צ繳ӵһħ֮ƵĹ
ЩޱȵĹʬͣħʬ֮ɢħִ֮γɵĹ
ЩʬͻὫнӽĴͳͳɱȡɱߵѪ꣬һħʬ֮ϣһħ񸴻


1399 
֮еħӵǿޱȵĲԡͷ­ն౻ڳѪҺɣkȻԴ
Щħܵ˼ϵֱ䣬ֻҪʬ壬ͻиĿԡ
ħս֮Уεħսħս֮Уħͬʱʱͻһħ񸴻»عħ硣
Щʬ;̺һ˿ħ־ħɵĹڡʬҲǿЩħʵʬ˺һλħ
ɱkǣ
һ£ļս˱ͬˮһЩʬȥ
ЩʬЩļսֱȥ
ЩļսϵĺϽװ׷ޱȣЩʬ͵Ĺǵϣֻܹǵķ֣ͱЩļս˺Ƭ
ɽҰʬļս˵Χ֮£˲أÿʱÿ̶гǧʬͱ顣
Ȼ֮ǰһߴ׵Сɽѿ
һ峤ߴʮףһң߷Ƶħ糬ʬһ¸֣һɿֲޱȵħ֮Ǿʬ֮
ѾҪħ糬𣿿ϧȫˣҲҵĶ֣
һЦһ֣ħֱӸ֣ͷֱȥһͷϣڵǾħ֮
ͷ껹ûȫħֱУ˺һᣬͱħֱɣҽ
һĨϧ֮ɫϧûнλħ񣡣λħǿʥʿʥǰۼǿߵĿֲڡҪףûô򵥣
λħħ֮ҲλڶĿֲڣʮϡ١һͷ겢ܹħΪλħ
ͷ걻ɱ̻֮һӿ˾ڵĵطɳޱȵĿ
һͬԲһļظں棬ŸֿڲϵĽ
ڷ˽֮УħǵĶĿҪħ֮Լʮѡ
һλħע⵽սأԷһ֣һҲù
ħս֮УŻҵħ֮ħҲȫƿħս֮зһС
ħս֮УȻΣأȴҲõķչ֮ء
һʱת˲š
ħսΧվռ̫Դĵشƶˣ
ħսڵĵشĿһۣüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨɵ֮ɫ
һУħһħʬ塣ҲҵĸԴΪʿǿߡ
ħսΧȻ޷вİȫܹṩԴҲϡ
˾֮·ԴݻһеĻеžֱħսȥ
ӴޱȵĻеǰԼٹ֮󣬺Ȼ֮ٶս˾ѽ⿪촷ۣʧ
һĨ֮ɫǰۼǿ߽ħսȻΣأһλħսҲᱻֱӸɵ
ħս֮УΣأǿ߽ĹرħʬֲĴڡԲŤ
λħвҲ䡣
ҲӵߵĲԣԼӴеΪڻңŸǿħս
Щս˲ϵѽ⣬ҲǳһΣյص㣬ıܹЩΣյĵط
һƬѪɫɳĮ֮УһƬѪɫɳĮȻѿһѪɫɳӹɵɳһ´ɳĮ֮зɳ
Щļս˵Ĺͷɳ˵ϣɳӺɡ
ɳ˶ļս˵ΧЩսһ
ս˱ֱӾɳ˵ڣֱӷֽ⣬һſŽɳ
ħ񣡣ϧĶң
һĨâһ֣һͷħֱӸ֣һͷɳȥһ½ͷɳ˵ſһҧֲޱȵ֮һͷɳ˵ϡ
һͷɳȻһλħǿߣħ֮֮£ħ֮ܿͱһգһͨɳӡ
ҶǴˣңȾң
ʱԶһֵļ֮
˳ǸеķȥֻǺųݵһŮ񹬹Ԧһ»֮߷
񹬹󣬸˫ţͷɢſλħʬ͡һ峤ףһʨͷɢλħʬ͡
ߴʬ֣λħܹشɱ
񹬹ӵһ£֮ǿޱȵ»â񹬹ӵñߴʬͻҪ졣
û£񹬹ͱߴʬͷʬˡ
˵kǣ
۾΢΢һ
һħ΢΢һΣһ³ʨͷʬ͵ǰһȭʨͷʬϣʨͷʬͺ£˳ȥһҧʨͷʬ͵ϣ֮
ͷ˫ţͷʬצħֱӴȥ
صħħ֮⸡֣ǿŸǵkһɫۼס
ͷţͷʬ͵Ĺǿ˺ħۼס
ħʨͷʬ͵ʨͷʬͽһᣬħ֮ͱһաkһץͷţͷʬͬץСһ㣬һץУſһͽţͷʬͳͳɻҽ
񹬹֮һĨ֮ɫǿħ񵽵ʲôôôǿֲֿѾԶԶԽλħ񣡣
Ϊݵĵǿߣ񹬹֪ܣҲ֪ħ֮ǿħšħһħȴû˵
һĨ֮ɫ񹬹ʬ͵ģǹȥ
񹬹֮һĨ֮ɫҶǣһƬħ԰֮ʬ͵ģħ԰֮Σأλħʬӵʬͺ͹ĴػħҲδܹȫˡ
·
һħһתͷ˫֮ײбĹâ񹬹ͬڿһֻСϡ
ǣΰħ񣡣
񹬹֮һĨ֮ɫЩħûʲôϧˣһħֻһħͻɱ
ǧһƬ಻ڡɫȫȾɽǰ
һƬɽ֮УŸֻŤ
ӴޱȵĻеŸոյִƬɽǧܱʵ÷顣
񹬹ĿһۣҷֵһƬħ԰
񹬹䣬һѣһɢſֲħ֮ʬʹӴ֮


1400 λħ
˵kǣ
һһͷħһѿһֲޱȵڵkĿи֣Щʬһ
ʬͶħĿУkֱɻҳ
Ӵޱȵħ֮ԴԴϵûħڣ֯γһĪħ֮ơ
ħʵÿһ֣Ľͻǿһ֡
ͷħ˴ʬ֮ĳħ԰֮ڡ
ħһ̤ħ԰ʮɽ忪ѣλħλħʬһɽ֮߳
ħ΢΢һΣһ³һλħǰſһҧһھҧͷħͷ­һͷλħɡ
λħλħһħ񷢶
һħ֮ҫһħһ֣̺̫׵Ĺλħȥ
λħ׷ʩչط̺̫׵Ĺź顣
һ˲䣬ħſһλħʬڵħ֮ͱkֱգλħʬҲһ˲仯ҳ
ħλħħ֮һħֱӸ֣γħ֮ƹɵͷλħһͷλħơ
һɿֲޱȵ֮ĳȡͷλħħ֮
λħĲϵţȴȻһĻҽ
񹬹һĻ֮һĨ֮ɫǿһȻռϷ磬̫ǿˣһħ̫ˣ
λħȻֻħʬǵkǾĻָѾָ˰˳ϵλħ֣ûмλħֵܹڵk־Ȼħһѹֱƿֲ
һҵĲһɺޱߣ޾Ŀֲΰһɽ֮
񹬹ɫ֮һĨ־֮ɫλħ񣡣λħҪˣҶǣǿӰɣλħ񣬲ƥСӻλħжôǿλħǰȻһ
λħǳԽʥʿĿֲڣҲ֮жĳλħ֮£еĴڶϣôǿλħҲԵֵλħһ
һĨ˷֮ɫλħ̫ˣ
񹬹Ŵԣ֮һĨ㵣·ڿһӡ
һͷħ˫֮һųһâһ¸ֳİİ΢΢һֱѿһԾ޴ֱӸ֡
һԾ޴һȣħֱ˲Ƶһǧ׵ĸɽ֮ǰһȭɽڡ
ɽڷһ˲䣬һؿڲһͭħ񻺻˫ۣһĨâһɺޱߵħѹֱӿϯķ
£
һλħоâһϵȵ
һɿֲޱȵķ֮ӿ˷ϯȥ
ħϹħ֮սУеʮŵλħ񡣵kȻû
񹬹΢΢һѪڣһ¹˵ϣ޷ɫ䣬־;
ħϹħ֮кպһ֮ɱλħ񡣱kɱķ㣬һֱ
λħħʹͽ޷⡣ôܹλħ
񹬹ǰȻվ·û˿Ӱ棬֮һĨ֮ɫ
λħ֮λڶĿֲڡλħһһ̺ſֲޱȵķ֮kһ£λħҲ볼޷ܡ
ıһߣȻᱻλħӰ졣ħħ֮еĶǿߣȴʥǰۼĿֲڣҲ޷
һɿֲޱȵѹħѪ֮и֣ͼѹƵkõkһɺޱߣֲ׵㱾һ¸֣ѹһС
һͷħֻ΢΢һһ˫۱һ˿˿âһ˲˵ħϣſһҧݺݵҧħֱ֮ϡ
һֻλħҲңĶ
ħһĨ֮ɫһħ֮Ƹ֣ڵkֱ֮һ¸ֳһƬƬ֯ħ·ۡ
ħ۷Ϊֲλħ񶼺ѹơ
ħݺһҧħֱ֮ϣһһ飬һ˿ҧ۶޷֮¡
һɿֲޱȵдħĿħұ֮ϡ
ħұ֮ӴޱȵλħԴ֮һ±ԴԴϳȡûħڡ
ô㵽ʲôˣѵħȮĺ᣿
ħɫȻ䣬΢΢ħ֮ڵk֮Ͻ֯һɿֲޱȵλħ֮Ȼħȥ
ħؿ֮Ǿ޴˿һ¸ֳһɫޱȵħ֮ƣħոջ۵ħ֮һ±˴룬дһħϡ
һԶλħ񹥻ħһıѽ⣬ֻʣһͷ­
ֲħ֮֯ħ񱻺һ˲ֱ
ô
ħһĨškȻѾʮ꣬ͽ׼Ѫʳ֮Ѿָɵһλħ񶼻ᱻشħȴȫһͷ­ڣҿѸֱָֻ졣
һ˲䣬ħұ۾ѾɱħѾ˵ħ֮ϣ³ݣ˺ħۼףûħڣڵħıԴ֮
ҵǣѣɱǰĵˣ
ħһĨ֮ɫһ߷ŭһ߷Ĺħ
ħ԰֮УȺѣһһλħλħԼʬͶɽ֮л߳
ɱkǣ
Ŀ
ļսͬˮһЩλħλħʬֱӹȥ
䣬ʬһ˲ͱ˺Ƭ
Щλħλħ󲿷ֶƣ˿ڣȫʢ֮ʱܡЩļս˵Χ֮£ħʬֱӱ顣
ΨѾ˰˳ϵλħ񣬾Ͷ֮䣬ͽЩļսͳͳƬֻǵkҲЩļս˲ס޷Ԯħ
Źңһ·ҿ԰Ϊһλħ񣡣
ҪɱңҿԽҵͽͳͳ͸㣡
֪һأǱ֮Уһ˿ϣħʣŹң

ħ񷢳һޱȵĲҽ֮ధȻħֱɣһĻҽ
ħҽһ˲䣬һͷħһ¸ֳħ֮ƣ۳һ߿ֲޱȵλħ֮һλħɢ


1401 ħ
ͷħſһһɿֲޱȵ֮Щλħλħ֮ϡ
һͷͷλħλħһɵħ֮ǰͱkһץ˱Դ֮
λħλħʬ͵ħ԰ĳڷ׷׷ɵħ߱kɵһɶҳ
񹬹һħ񣬻³˲ϵսǿȻֱӽΪλħ񣡣k֮ǰֻλħ񣡣ôôǿĴڣȻħһϹܹɱ
ħ˴ħ֮һļһָ
һޱߵħ֮һû˺󷽵ļ֮ڡ
ļصҪĲϵɱ䣬ں˸ֽʼһԾ弶ء
һĨâ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ϧԴҪأҪԴ
ħ汾ڶҪԴܹ
ħսħսսΣأͬҲӵ޾Դ׵ĺõط
񹬹һ˿ҶǴˣѾħ԰ڿ𣿡
Ŀ񹬹һۣ΢΢һЦȻѾҵܣ㻹𣿡
ħſһ֮Ӵޱȵһûkڡkһָһޱȵһûڡ
һһޱȵħ֮֮и֣һ֮䣬ѾȫΪһλħ
һޱȵħ֮֮⸡֣ɢһءֲʡ
ħ񣡣˾ȻΪħ񣡣ôܣôܣ
񹬹һ죬Ϊħɫ䣬֮г֮ɫ
֮УһЩ塢ʹͽƾλħħһЩλλħ񿹺⡣
ȴûзʹͽΪһħӡ
ħ߸ϣ㷲ôǿһħǰҲ뱣ֱ΢
澹Ȼһ鷲ˣΪһħ񣬼ֱ졣
浭һЦҲûʲôѶȣܹħֻǽףҪףȴҪ򡣷һ״ҪԴֲ
Ϊһߣʶ㡣ʿֶΣȫʹѪֲʬֶΣһ죬ħ
һֶͨνħ񣬲ĴԴҵ·֮󣬵kҪҲʮ鷳вͻ־ĵ⡣
񹬹֮һĨ֮ɫħ񣬾ȻûʲôѶȡϣȻ֮𣿡
ܲҺ㡣ӽ̷Ұɣ
һһ°񹬹ļ֮ϣӴޱȵħ֮һû񹬹ڣȾ񹬹ڵħ֮
񹬹Ȼݵĵǿߣǰȴ޻֮ڵħ֮ϵıȾתΪħ֮
һصӡ֣һ¹񹬹ۣ֮γһĸߴòɢһаʵľӡ
ҵʹͽҵľߣ㾹ȻҪȾѵҪ¹ħΪ𣿡
¹ħ˫֮кâĿ棬ɭޱȵɱ
¹ħ񣡣㾹ȻҳѰ·ɱ˵k
һЦϵ
һͷħֱһˣſһҧֱҧ¹ħһͶӰ֮ϡ
¹ħͶӰһ˲ֱӱkȻλħһͶӰӵпλħħȣȻһȼ֮ϡ
ħһ¹ħͶӰ֮һ·ɷڤڤ֮е֮ߣݺݵһҧ¹ħϡ
ħһ¹⹹ɹ֮У洦ɼһɴˣʲľɫˡ
ǹһ֮ϣ¹ħ
һֻޱȵѪںݺݵҧ¹ħıؿ֮ϣ¹ħԴ
Ȼܹ˳ҵͶӰҵı𣡣ÿµĹ
¹ħһĨɵ֮ɫһУӴޱȵ¹ڵkУγһ»ìݺݵĴһѪ֮ϣֲ»֮һѪֱӺ顣
¹ħһĨɱħսһħôĵӣȻǿҿеĳңǸ
¹ħָһţħ֮ƴӵkзɳ֮Уγ澵ӡ
һ澵ӵһ⣬̫׼Ҫƾһ澵֮ǹ⣬һǳ֮Ǿ֮ۡ
̺̫׵ľ֮Уһϵ¹⣬ʲô£
¹ħ񻺻̫磬ǳãһæһǰħսɱһλħ񣡣
ǳ֮ľ֮дһޱȵ¹磬ʵɱһλħʮɡkʲôͬ
̫ħ¹ħǳħħħ֮кպħãÿһǶλħħ֮УӵԼħȣսԶͨλħ
¹ħһĨ֮ɫһħͨҵͶӰֱӹңʮǿײУǸkɳħ綼һµĺƽ١
һ澵֮У̫ħϳɱȻˣǾɱ˵kԲܹkĻᣡ
ǳŮҲʮֹϵͬ⣡
ħܹΪħ֮еͷΪkʮֹϡkǾǵˣһǵˣͻڵ˳ɳ֮ǰֽԷɱ
ħս֮С

񹬹ħ֮Ⱦ֮֮һĨâһƽȴκˡ
¹ħλħ񡣵kħֻ֮д˵֮еħʲпȾھȻ׵Ⱦֱŵ˼㡣
ţ
΢΢ͷΧȥ
Ĺ̻˽ħ԰֮УĿŸϡ
һħ԰֮Уǿħħ֮ħ֮ѪĽ֮£ǿıϽ඼ǿ弶ؽΪصĺĲϡ
Ҫøǿ󣬾ֻܹͦ
һĨ֮ɫӴޱȵĻеΪȷ棬ħսĺǰ
֮һλħħʬлҳһλħ۷Ŀֲ֮
ǿٶ̫ˣȻô̵ʱ֮ڣѾ׳Ϊλħ񣬼ֱ̫ˣ
񹬹ɢλħ񲨶棬֮𺧵Ŀ⡣
֮Уųϵλħ񼸺ܽ׳Ϊλħ񡣾ҽ׳Ϊλħλħ񣬺ķѵʱҲǧΪλ㡣̶ͽΪλħ񣬼ֱ졣


1402 ħѪ
ӴޱȵĻеſ·֮£оյħսͦ
һ·֮ϲϳֵĸʬ͡λλħ񶼱ɣ
ɱλħľضֱӱֻܹʧǧļսˡ
ڵˣħѪ˵֮Уħ֮ѪγɵаڣԽλħʴħ
һƬɽ֮һƬ޺ѪɢŨһ߼ʵѪǰ
һƬ޾ѪħѪһƬԽλħʴʣĹѪҲǻħս֮ΪΣյĵط
ħսĺ˵֮ħＤս໥֮ɱѪɺӡħѪɵkǵħ֮Ѫγɡ
񹬹ǻƺħѪħʿԾ֮⣬ֻҶħеħ֮ҶۿԺħѪκδڣһħѪᱻ׸ʴ
һһѲֱӷħѪ֮ڡ
һѲ󽢸ոսӴħѪһѪɫĹâ΢΢һʮ־˵ٶȱʴʮ֮䣬ͱʴʧ
΢΢һħֱӸ֣γһëħѪ֮ڡ
һɲ֮䣬λħȫһԴݻٵëͱħѪֱܽ⡣

۾΢΢һһûħѪ֮ڣһɿֱֲ֮ӱħѪıԴ֮
ħѪ֮Уһ´һֲޱȵĸʴ֮һ½ѪֱӸʴһ̯ŧˮֻʣ¹
ˣûôλħܹܽħѪ
񹬹ӹϵڤڤ֮һصϵܹĸ֪治û䣬ڱԽԽǿ
һһħ֮֮и֣֯һ߸ǿλħ֮
һλħеĿֲ֮һ˷ɢȥ
λħ񣡣Ȼλħˣʲôٶȣһ²ȻͽΪλħˣôţ
񹬹ĿɿڴֱԼ۾
λħ֮ΪǿĴڡ֮ҡ塢̷֮Ҳֻλħ
ִλħ񼸺Ϲħս֮еʤߣԴϹħս֮󣬾Ҳûһλħ
ڶ̶һ֮ڣһ˽Ϊһλħٶȼֱ졣
ʵϣıһߣҲԲ֮ܽ졣һżĹＶţҪλħҲҪʱ䡣
ħѪ֮УȻѪڣһǧףħ֮ƵĳɫִѪ֮и֣ݺݳȥ
һͷħֱӵǰצһץǳɫĴֱץȥ
ǳɫĴһųһѪɫĹâһħצ֮ϣһħѪ֮еĸʴ֮һħצ֮ϡ
һŤĸʴ֮Уħצֱӱʴһѹŧˮǿֲľ綾Ҳħ岻ϵӿ
ħϾӵ㱾Դ棬ԵֵħѪ֮йĹ
£
һ£ħֱ˵˺󷽡
΢΢һΣһ³Ǿ޴ĳǰצһץǾ޴Ĵץס
һɿֲޱȵ֮һ޴Ĵ֣Ǵ˵Դ
ӴޱȵħԴԴԴϵûڣÿʱÿ̶ڱøǿ
ħѪһڣһͷ峤ף·һɽ۾ɽͨʳɫħ֮Ƶľ޴צֱӸ֡
񹬹һһ޴ޱȵѪɫצ㣬֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢ħսħ¬𣡣ϢħѪ֮ڣɱʮλħľħ
ħ¬ħս֮ΪײеħλħֻҪħѪ֮kֻ·һ
ħ¬ֹâ΢΢һųɫĹâݺݵĳȥ
ħѪһڣһֲޱȵѪɫǴֵϯ֮УγһֲޱȵѪɫС
ħѪ֮£һλħѪɫһʣҲᱻشֱܽ⡣
ϧһ
΢΢һ¶һЦݡ
ħ֮֮н֯һ˲ͱ仯Ϊһߴ׵ħˣ̤ħѪӶ˫ȭħ¬Ĵֺȥ
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޴ıը֮ڶֲޱȵĴڽ֮£һ޴ѷ첻ϵĸ֡
ħ񹬹ǰſһǿޱȵħ磬ޱȵ񹬹׾ͱֲޱȵĴڽನ˺Ƭ
˴ħѪıԴλħ֮󣬶ħѪĿҲһͷħѪ֮еħ¬
һɺڶֱӸ֣ħ¬צһħ¬߸צӾͱɺڶֱС
ħ¬ħ֮ƹ⻪һɺޱߵ˲䱬һĽԼִɺڶһİγ
滯ľһУħֱ֮γһ޴սݺһ£նħ¬֮ϡ
һѪɫĹֱӸħ¬֮⣬Ǿ޴ĸӱǹޱȵĽŤƫƵһߣħ¬նһ޴ѷ졣
צһֱ̽Ӵħ¬ڣֲ֮һ±ԴԴϵĳȡħ¬ħԴ
ħ¬𲻶Ϸڡţһӣͱȫɣҽ
񹬹֮Ų֮ɫħ¬ˣkǴ˵֮еħ
ħ¬֮һ¸ֳһħ֮ơ˵ٴαħѪıԴ֮
Ǽһ߼ʣܽһλħħѪʱܼٶѸٵʧ
ħսΧסħħѪʧ
һףһ߼ʵسħѪԭλá
񹬹վصıԵħѪһ޴Ѫ룬֮֮ɫÿֲħѪֱˣ
ħѪ֮еѪҺһξܹһλħ񡣾һλħħѪ֮УҲᱻ׵ܽ⡣ħѪȻֱɣֱ졣
ħѪѪֱѿѪ֮߳±鲼ޱȵħ֮ƣҲɢһ
ֻҪ治һκε»µŮԱһۣͻΪķ²ֻмΪǿŮֵܹԶɢ
һĨâһħʲ涥ĴڣȻȲߣҪҲûôף


1403 ħ
ѸٵĻһԼʵҵʵӦڰ۷壡ֻһܹ׵ߡ
ˣ
Ȼ̧ͷԶȥ
һ̫һһǳ˺գɢſֲޱȵħѹ߷
֮䣬񹬹ſһ̫һ֯ħ֮Ƶ̫ս̫ս֮һĿ࣬һͷɫϵӡ
һһ̫ս߷Ƶսս֮¹ħ
һǳһǳսǳս֮һһͷڳӨ񣬴һǳսۣʳǵľˡ
񹬹Ѿ֮еĵһˣǱǳս֮ϵľȻѷ
̫ħ¹ħǳħ񣡣
񹬹һս֮ϵ¹ħ񣬽΢΢ԾĹ˵ϣ֮г˿־塣
¹ħ̷ħҲ񹬵ˡ¹ħǿֲֲǿߵڡ
񹬹ڵħ֮ѾȾתΪħ֮ȻˣǹµħȻ޷֮
ҵʹͽҲϲߣڷĴˡǺôĵӣȻȾħ֮
¹ħɨ񹬹һۣһĨ֮ɫĿħϣһĨɭޱȵɱ
ħʹͽħȾħ֮УǶħƣҲһ衣
浱ɱ񹬹Ҳ¹ħ˱ŭ
£ǵħӡ򣬾ȥ
һ̫ս֮ϣ̫ħâһλħĿֱֲϯķ
Բǧ¶ȣһһǧȣȼŹĻ档
ǳħü΢΢һ壬֮һĨ֮ɫһ£ħѪôˣ
ħѪȻǱˣΪһ֣ȻôͳΪҽ̤ʯˣ
һĨâһħ֮Ƹָ֣һţһɿֲޱȵħ֮ӿγһɺڶѹһУһУħֱϯȥ
Ȼҳ֣
̫ħһĨâһħ̫񽣡ֱӸ֣ɺڶһն
ſֱ̫Ӹ֣һֱߣɺڶֱӺȥ
ǡ̫񽣡̫ħ棬Ѱҵʮ̫ٺķħ֮ĵرƶɵħֲףһն̺žſ̫Ŀֲ

¹ħâһһָһħ¹ֱӸ֡
һɲ֮䣬ǡ¹֮ӿ޾¹⣬ǧòޱȵŮʹͽֱӸ֣ϵӴޱȵǵ֮г룬ǡ¹֮ڡ
ǡ¹޾¹⣬ֱ̺Ӻȥ
ǡ¹¹ħʮ˿ԼʮħʹͽķŮƶɵаħһλħвҲᱻǡ¹
ħһףǵǳħһ֣һŽ֯ħ֮Ƶħǳ֮С
ǡǳ֮ǳħժʮǳƶɵ񹭡ÿһֻǳ֮һǳӴޱȵħ֮ƶɵıһܹһǳ
ǳħ֮кâһһ棬Ӵޱȵħ֮ӿһֻ̺ļʸ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱȥ
浭һЦкâһһɺڶȻһţħ֮ƽ֯һ˲ͽǾſֱ̫ɣ˳̫ħһ̫ħС
ǿֲޱȵɺڶ̫ħһ˲䣬죬ǡ¹ֱɣ˳Ҳ¹ħȥ
һֲ̺ޱȵħ֮ǳ֮һɺڶ֮УҲϢʧ
ɺڶֻ΢΢һֹͣţȻǳ֮ûκá
ֻһ֮䣬ǿһеĿֲɺڶǳħֱϯȥ
λˣԸ⽻ӡұҲԸΪūΪ澣̷һ
ǳħɫ䣬ʮֹϣеֿһ¹˵ϣһ̺ŵkħӡֱӸ֣޾ǳԡ
㵽ãҾһ
һĨ֮ɫǳħһۣһᣬһָħ֮ƽ֯һûǳħĻӡ֮ڡ
ƿǳħĻӡӵֻҪһܹãܡҲλħƿħֶΡ
һſֲޱȵķ籩ɺڶ֮д̫ħ¹ħħɺڶ֮з˳һήҡ
ǳħϣֻҪٹʮħͻᱻɱԴ֮ɻҳ
̫ħ¹ħǵǳħѾӡҡžһӡңǲܹȥ򣬾ȥɣ
温̫ħ¹ħħĿ䣬
ǣˣ
̫ħ¹ħħһۣοЦkôҲû뵽ֲĵˣ赭дľͷ˵k֡
̫ħ¹ħǳħκһħ֮жǼΪֲǿߵġ֣ħ֮же֡һѹ棬ȴѹһ·˵kеĽš
һ̫ƽ֯ɵ̫ӡһ¹⽻֯γɵ¹ӡֱħͷϡ
һ㣬һħ֮ûӡ֮ڣħֱѹ
һĻ֮һĨ֮ɫҶȻѹħ񣡣ôܣʲôˣѵǴ˵֮еħתħתҲô죡
̫ħ¹ħǳħħϹ֮дħ񣬵kǵ¼֮йΪλħڵkֵĹ֮¡
񻰴˵֮еĴħȻ滯Ҷǰֱù᲻Լ۾
Ҫ֪ڲ֮ǰ滯Ҷǻֻһ书ķˡɢһ˿˿ħʹͽϢܹķ˶
¹ħĿ˹һۣһĨԹ֮ɫȻһµͷҶ࿴һΪ˹ᣬkҲǵĿֲǿߡ
ΨһĻ·Ҷǣϲңôҵ³ʮҡ
ᱻ¹ħһۣ΢΢һݣ˿־壬֮һĨ⡣

תħսĺȥ
ħսΧԴѾΨǴ˵֮ħ֮սսпӵĶԴ
ǰߣסһֱۣԼ˫ֱ֮ϡ


1404 
濴˹һۣ΢΢һľɫͶͱȻܾ
ǳħ֮΢΢һԥһᣬûǰ빬衣
ǳħϹʱͺպŮս֮У֪жſǿޱȵħķġǶôӣϣΪ䲻
ȻǳħΪū澣̬ȴûô
ħһۣħսĺȥ
ħսĺǿռѷԼһ֪ͨĺڶλħµĴһЩռѷͲ֪ĺڶ֮Уһ˲䱻˺ɷ顣
Ǻ֮Уһɿֲҵħ֮洦ɼޱȵħƬ
ῴЩħƬ֮Ĺâ
ЩħƬκһƬǷŵ˽磬Ϊı
ЩһһƬħƬ֪Ϳħħ֮Ϊħѧͽ
һƬħƬǾһ˹ʮϣпɱΪһİħһ˼֮еħߵĳߡ
ħƬħƬλħһƬֵǡ
̻һ͵ռŸħƬ֮ռ弶֮У¯졣
¡
Ȼ֮䣬𶯣һʬ顢ʯ顢ħƬۺ϶ɵĹͷ˴Ӵֳ֮һ޴սֱһն¡
һɲ֮䣬ض·նѿع硣
ǳħȻɫ䣺ѿħնɱһʮλħħȻ⣡
λħҲɫ䣬һħϣkԼовǺ֮ͷ˵һkħ֣ҲԵֵ
Ӳ
һħָ֣֮һץ赭дĽѿħֱץС
ɣ
һָһֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ǹޱȵͷһǹޱȵͷֱɡ
һֲޱȵɺڹҫʮ֮ɺڶֱʧһҳƮɢ
ǳħ֮һĨţˣ
̫ħҲĿɿڴôܣħʣôǿ󣡣


ȥ

ħսĺһ´һŤŤĴ߷
κһŤĴڶ׵˺һλħǿߣŤĴ֣ܹɱһλħ
һָһɺڶֱӸ֣ŤĴڸոշɹͱɺڶֱɣޱȵԴԴϵûڡ
ħҲ׷׳֣ѹǲĹڣŹᡣ
˭Ȼΰߣ
Ȼ֮䣬һߴ׵ѪɫɽȻѿһֻһֻ飬һɫۣɢħħצȻ֡
ħʣ
̫ħһһֻħצ΢΢һֱӹڵϡ
¹ħǳħҲսħʵ֮£Ĺڵϡ
֮Уħ֮ĵȼѹƼΪֲ
λħ׵ѹסλħԼλħ񡣶ħҲ׾ٵѹһλħ
ʿ֮Уһʥʿһֻ߽Ǳ΢ѹơ֮Уһλħһħʵʱһ½ֻܹӳҡ
ֻһħʲܹԿһħʣ
壬ⲻϹħս֮Уħնɱħ𣿵kѾôţ
һ̱ڵϣѪɫħſǿޱȵħػͱħʵѹѹ⽴
ħʣħôֵܴطȻռΪĵħ磡㲻ħһְֻˣҪָħʼȫʢֹطһǧ궼ܰ쵽
һĨ֮ɫһЦ
֮УһǳģΨһλ档
˽硢ħλ硣ħսֻڷ˽硢ħ֮еһؾ
ħս֮֮ԴΪħս֮Сkǵʬټ⻷Դ
ȼۣħսԶԶȲϷ˽磬͸һܼħ硣
κһħʶֻѡħ棬ħ֮УkǲŻӵƾޱȵұøǿ
һħʼǿ´ħսֵطkʵҲһ˿˿˻
ϣȻðΰħ壬ʹһ
һֻһֻ۵ħ֣һĨ֮ɫһ·ɳ
ħսĺڲϵĲӴޱȵħ֮һֻ۶ȥ
ħ֮ҫһݻΪһ޴ޱȵħ磬һץ
ħ֮УһһţͷħɢλħĿֲ湥
һλħһֱ졣
̫ħ¹ħǳħħħ֮еһλħΧ֮£Իһ˲䱻ɱ
ϧ̫ɢˣֻܹΪҽ
һЦһץһֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣磬ֲ֮ħһ
һţͷħԼħ֮ССħ񶼱ɺڶֱɡ
һĨ֮ɫʧеôֻһλħôֵܵסҵħ磿
ȫʢ֮ʱ㣬ڵȻĶ֡һֻ֣ѹңôܣ
һЦ̽צһץһץı֮ϣֲޱȵ֮һ±ıԴ
岻ҲΨһף塭
һĺ֮УħұһĻҽӴޱȵħ֮ڡ
ǳħĿɿڴǿħʵұۣȻˣ
̫ħҲһĨ𺧣΢΢һǲֻ»Ϊһħʡ
¹ħһΣЦţҾȻɱѰ·
ħʵȻܼԶԶԽλħ񣡣
΢΢һ֮Ӵޱȵħ֮һ¿ʼתһתΪӸ߼ħ֮
ħʣһءɨɣ
ħսĺĿһۣħսȥ
ʱţһת˲š
һ֮ڣħս֮ڼʮλħʬԼһħʵĲøӵĿֲȻûнħʡ
һ弶Ҳںֱ֮ӽױһء


1405 ¹
˽һϿڣ֮гһ޴ѷ졣
һ޴ѷ֮л߳Ůǹǳħ
̫ħ¹ħħǻعħ磬ػkǵĹȡ
ħ֮ǿƣͬҲʮּҡ̫ħλħʧ̫ãͻᱻжԵλħkǵĹȣkǵ
һĨϧ֮ɫϧԴֻһܹħʣ
ͨɴλħĲкԴ֮ɰһ¥ĹѾ˰˳ɡӵгԴȫԽ׳Ϊħʡ
ħս֮УȻħĲʬеԴȴȻ޷׳Ϊħʡ
浭ᣡ
ṧ
ȥټݵҡɣٰһۻᡣҪݵҡһ򾡣
ȻһЦǣÿʮͻٰһ¹ᡣһ֮ʽٰ¹ᣬҡǰǱضǰ
¹᣿
һ¹
ǰ񹬹һ֮Уһö¹ӣҴ񹬡
¹һ֮ȫɳ¹̺֮ÿһ¹ʵһꡣ
ڷ˽֮У˵ձݡħߵԼһ굽һʮꡣħһٰʮ굽ٶʮꡣħʹͽʮ굽ٰʮ֮䡣
һ¹ʵٰ꣬Ȼݵķ
ڻ˼ǿ֮ҲòݵĳЭÿʮ궼ٰһ¹ᣬ¹ʮʮö¹
һ¹ٰ꣬Ȼڶֻܹʮֻܹ꣬ʮꡢĿֻܹһꡣ
ˣǸ󳬷Ȼ¹֮ͣԸ⸶޴Ĵۻȡһö¹
¹һԣҪժµʳãͻʧ޷档ÿһ¹ᶼǱݡݡݡݵĶǿǰ
һĨ֮ɫãͰ˵ȥ
ȻʵԶԶȲǳħλħ񣬿ڴֶַ֮ȴԶǳħ֮ϡ
˵Ҵǿ
һָһħ֮һڹϡ
Ӵޱȵħ֮ڹ֮н֯ӲĽʵλħ֮
ǿ۷ʹͽ֮ƥλħǿ󡢿
ı仯֮һĨ˷֮ɫ
ڷ֮УֻЩĽɡ塢ҵϹǲӵпƥλħħ֮
֮ǻ۵Ĺâֳһƣϣǻ˳ƾٰһᣬһЩ¹ħΪնøšǿ߻¹ᣬýһ򾡣ͳһµ
ʮãô죡
񹬹ħս֮ҵħ񻨣һ¹֮Уٰһᡣĵһ˽Իһħ񻨡һ¹ԼһħǴĵһˣ뽫Լڡ
֮һϢڴ۹۹֮д۹֮еǿ߶Ϊ֮Ķ
֮УԽǿĴڵħѪԽŨǿ֮УΪ˻ôǿħѪ׽ҲʮѰһЩСԸ߼ǿߵǿһ
ߵľбᣬֻΪǿߵӣҲʲôϡ顣
ʤ߿ָһ˳ӣ񹬹Ҳܹܾ
һϢ۹ǿ߶Ϊ֮ġ
񹬹Ǵ۹ݵŮԵһǿߣ߸ϣʥޱȣҲͬޱȣ¡
ɫǿ߶ǸϢ׷񹬵ķȥ
񹬹kǴ۹ʮ֮һȤҿɻûƷ۹ʮ˵ζأ
۹֮ڣһ֮УһͷʮСӣϲħ֮ƣ֮ϴһͷӡ
Ӳ֮ϵͷʮŮͷ­ɣЩŮӶһЦݡ
۹ݡ
һ洦ɼŸֱ¶ɴŮׯ԰֮ڣһһ£ޱȵҡĹâᣬҴ۹ʮ֮еĵˣôܹ
ħһħǵļ»ûԻͣ
¹ٰһҪõ֡
Ҫȥ¹ҵģ

۹ǿΪ˲ͬĿķ׷񹬵ķ
һ֮ڸ³֮Уɽ˺洦ɼһħߡħ
ЩħߡħʮԼܳΪǱʤߡܹЩħʹͽǿߵĿ⣬ǽĳɳҲкô

һ֮дԲﶼǸ֮
¹ʽʼ
֮У˹
һźɫ֮зɳ֯ħ֮ƣһ½ԲĻڸǣ÷Բһںڰ֮С
һֱӸ֮Уһ¹񷡣
һƬ¹γɵĹ֮Уʮϯλǹ֮С
һâҫʮֱʮϯλ֮ϡ
ݵʮֱŭʨ̡ɺ׽̡̫ţħ̡񹬡Ѫɡϳҡҡڤħ̡ӥ̡Ӱǽ̡
̫ţħ̽ɱ̫֮ţħ̵λþҶҲϡɺ׽̽ʮֻֽħսΧתħս֮л
ʮƶˣͬoһ㣬·ˡ
Ǿ񹬹
̫ˣҪܹһҹҲԸ⣡

·ħߡħǿǶƶˣףǵĹᣬжһḬ֮̃ɫ
ݵʮ֮УкüĿĶڹϣƲ۾
ħ֮һʹͽ۷֮ﵽλħĲΡ˵ҲԼμ
ṬῪʼɣѾȲҪһõҹˣ
ǳһªڤħ̽ŹԸޱȵĽһḬ֮̃ɫЦ
ɺ׽̽Ŀʮ쿴һۣĿϣһĨɵ֮ɫṬʼɣħ񻨣־ڱصã
ɺ׽̽ʵṬһαᣬֻвμ߿Գ֡κ̷ħ񶼲ֶܹ԰ɣ
һĿⶼϣɵ汳ħ֣ڳûмǵkĶ֡


1406 
ħ̫ţħ̽ħ׵ˡײеĴڣûֵܹ汳ħԳ֣ڳǿҲȥˡ
ȻһЦζҶħȻⳡԡ
༸һĨ֮ɫ棬һĨ֮ɫkǶƵħʹͽʵֲޱȣı
ǼɵħǼͬҶҳΪݵʮ󳬷֮һ
ֳһ¹Ȩȣǰһָ
ص¹֮и֣֮γһֱߴʮ¹⾺
¹⾺֮У㶯λħսҲʮ񹬵ĵ̡
ȻһЦԵĹһһбԣ֮ۡŵ˿ԻȥһвƸʮ֮û˸ǰսһ˾ʤߡ
·춼Ŀ΢΢һ䣬ǱԵĹֱпᵽ˼㡣ҪŵµıͱȥƴǣһҪܾӢܹǶ۷塣
᳡֮УһƬžǸǿ߶һƬĬĿ¹⾺
ǵһվϾΪԿ޵У򶼻ᱻս
ٺ٣۹һȺҷϣȻˣĵһ˾ʳˣ
һͷʮСӣϲħ֮ƣ֮ϴһͷӴ֮߳һ³¹⾺֮Уһĸˡ
ʳǣ۹ʮǿ֮еھŵľǿߣ
ʳǣݵĵһǿߣնɱħʹͽ
ˣȻҲ񹬹󣡣

ڳǿ߼һĻɫ䡣
֮ʮҲɫ䣬ɫЩѿ
ɺ׽̽ݵڶǿߣܹ۹ʹͽеڶʮλѪ̽⡣ʮ춼ӵеƣŲɺ׽̽Ƕ۹ʮǿ֮еʳǣȴûκΰա
ΧһƬžһڤħ̽ĬһĶʳǣĬ
ʳâ·۹ǿߣһЦǴ۹˭һս
۹ǿжһĨŭ֮ɫ
¹֮ϳʲô£ֵȥҴ۹Ҵ۹ʮǿ߽֣
ûֵľȥҴ۹սҴ۹Ľʣ
ʳǣҪܹסҴ۹ҹͷ

·Ⱥ鼤ǿߴ
Ǵ۹ĽʵȷʵǿޱȣҲǶ֡ҳϣЩͳͳҵĶ֡ٷϻһҵǵļ壬ͬǵļͳͳɱǵͷΪҵղƷ
ʳâһ·һۣһޱȵħ֮ڵk֮
һŤޱȵͷ­ʳǵ֮⸡֣һëȻİ֮
ħ߼ǿһëȻİ֮һɫ䣬ŤһſһѪɫĳӡ
ЩħҲſһħֵëȻİ֮
ǹޱȵİ֮һڳɫ䣬Ҳûһ˸ָʳǡ
һȺ
ʳվ¹⾺֮ϣݵʮ¶һƵЦݡ
ʮ춼ϼ޻֮ʳǵƣĬ֮У·ʲôûп
ʳǣһս
һ·һɫսףֳһͬһľһ̤ն¹⾺֮ϡ
߹֮ͩеĶߣ˵֮УʵѾԽʮ졣
߹ͩɱжԵħʹͽҲµǿ֮һ
ɵͩ

·ݵǿǶ˷ܽе
ʳǣȥɣ
߹ͩһĨâһľâʢһɫħ֮ƽ֯һ±仯Ϊһ׵ߡ
ͩһģֱںϣΪͷһס
һɢųԽʿԿһЩС溣ʿĿֲſѪڣʳǺݺݵһҧȥ
ǿ߹ͩǿ
һЩλħ񣡣
Ѿ޽ӽλħ

·Щ۹ǿжһĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷ס
ȫʵ̫ˣ
ʳһЦ֮һħ֮Ƹ֣һ±仯Ϊһߴףһһͷ­ϳֱۣһЫβĿֲ
ʳǱ仯ΪĹֱ̤һǰֱһ²ߵڣһ˺һɿֲޱȵӲĽ˺Ŀ顣
һͷſһһɫϢһĹͱȫ룬γһȭͷСͷʳǱ仯ɵĹС
ˣ
ͩȻˣ
ôܣ
۹ھŵľǿߣ̫ǿˣ

·۹ǿǼһĻĿɿڴһĨ֮ɫ
ʳ۹ĵھǿߣд۹ǿ߶֪kʮֵǿֲȴû뵽kȻǿֲͩڵkжһ
kʵѾԿλħ񣡣
ݵʮһӿһ˿
ڷ˽֮УֻħʹͽпܿλħʳȻǷ֮ħʹͽ
ҪԿħʹͽݵʮ붯ọ̃ҪѾ޴Ĵ۽׼k̷ħͶӰпܽʳǻܡ
ʳǸ·۹ǿǣ¶һЦݣ˭
ԸݵĴ۹ǿǶһ˳Ĭ֮СЩǿ֮УŲǿޱȵħʹͽǵkʳҲȫһȼ֮ڣȥҲֻǰװ
ʳ¶һаЦݣĶŹᣬ¶̰֮ɫ񹬹ɣҾһεʤߡģһҵӺúõģ
ƾҰˣҲȾָҴ۹ĵˣǲ
һޱȵһһž޴ɵڰŮǣ֮£ӿ߷֮Уһֳȣòޱȵӡ
򻨹ӣ
Ҵ۹ʹͽа֮е򻨹ӣ
ʮǰ뽣ʾڽʵ֧ŵ˵彣Ļһܹʳǣ
򻨹ӳ˺ɫ֮⣬û㡣Ļܹʳǡ

·Щ۹ǿǿǿ׵򻨹һĨ˷֮ɫ


1407 
۹ĵھǿߣ۹ĵǿߡһΣֻϹ𣿲Ѿ㹻
ʮλõüͷ΢΢һԼλ֮վ·΢΢һЦ
󣬿ڳĶǳߣǶ΢΢һݣ֪Լһ޴ı֮С
ڤħ̽ӿһ˿˿ԤУһħ֮Ƹ֣һɫĹâȥ
һЦӣ̫ˣ
ħı֣ɢλħĿֲϢצڤħ̽ݺץȥ

ڤħ̽һĨ־֮ɫһħ֮Ƹ֣һ±仯Ϊһ߰ףһɫۼף˫ľˡ
ħĿ䣬צȻǴһ½ڤħֱ̽ץסһֱ󱬡
ħ񣡣
ħ񣡺ǿ
Ҷұħ񣡣

ڳǿǿħһһĨ֮ɫӿһ˿˿ԤС
ȻһЦֳȨȣ·һָ
֮Уֳصӡһ֮
һ֮ϣγһ¹ħͶӰ
¹ħͶӰָһţһ¹أƬȫ֣γһ޴ޱȵ¹硣
ħ񣬽ҵҡͳͳҪ
һλħħ֮ӿӴޱȵħ֮ͬɽһ·ǿϯȥȾЩǿߵڵħ֮
ΰħ񣡣ܽԸ⳼ܼңҲԸ̷ΪһУ
ΰħϹټ̷ϹټҲԸΪһУ

ЩѪϡʹħƬСһĨ˷֮ɫڵϣƾħħ֮ȾԼħ֮
ѰһǿħĹЩ顣
Ǹȴڿ֧ţֵħ֮ʴkǶǹħ죬һħħ֮Ⱦͻʧȥħľˣʧȥλá
򻨹üͷ΢΢һ壬ΰħ񣬷˽Ĺ鷲ˣħĹħϹħ֮սУħԼѵҪΥϹħ֮Լ𣿡
˽̫һλħȫܹ׻ɽϺӡϹħ֮ս˽˾أųϡǾ˼ʱǨ˽Ⱦȥγڵʢ
˽ķ˿ΪħħṩߡƷʵꡢԼ֮ħħҲҪ˽ĿŮ̷
ΪˣΪ˱˽ķ˲ɱϹħǶħ֮ԼԼħ񲻿ڷɱˣҲ³ͳһµս
ЩħڱԼķӣ໥ɱȨҲЩħǽǲȤϷȴܹ³
ħһĨϷ֮ɫһЦϹħ֮ԼΥô㣬һ鷲ˣʲôʸҶԻ
ΰħȷʵûʸԻôΰ޻ħԻɣ
򻨹΢΢һЦһüģһâֱû񷣬ڤڤ֮еĴڡ
޻ħ񣡡
ħһתͷʳǣһĨɱϣ£ңȥ
ΰħΪСΰħµĵһʹͽ
ʳǻﻹû˵꣬ħֱһһצʳֱӺȥ
ʳǱĹɫ䣬ҵֵ΢΢һŤͼܹһצ
ħĹƼȴ쵽㣬һצͽǼ޵еʳħֱ˺һ롣
ΰħٴ˵أһḶļƷ
ʳħһҧһޱȵħӡֱӷɳڤڤ֮еĴڣͨħħ
ЩϣûħӻҲΥҵ־Ǿȥ
ħһתͷЩڵֿĸ쿴һۣһĨɱſһ
һޱȵĺڷǸȥǸ챻ǺڷһΣһһ߾ʬ壬ҳ
һĻɫһ䣬ƾħħ֮ȾԼڵħ֮
һЩӵħ˵ǿʼͨħ
ʮǿʼͨԼŷħ񡣵kǶǸħڷ˽ǿӣֻҪԸ⸶㹻Ĵۣ޷ֿΣ֮ʱЩħԸ⽵ͶӰһ
һâ΢΢һ򻨹ӵڷɳһ鱦һħ֮ƽ֯һ绪һԴ磬һŮͨɱֿħվ֮С
һ˿˿λħĿֲħ֮һħħ֮еλħ֮һ޻ħ
ħ񣬷˽Ĺ鷲ˣħĹħϹħµԼҪΥԼ𣿡
޻ħ֮ɭĿ⺮
޻ħ񣬸ƻħ֮Լ˵ôʲôãɱ˵kҪk˫ȡ
һâҫһ峤ߴǧףͷ֮һ֮ƵħͶӰֱӸ֣Ķħг̰֮ɫ
񹬵Ĺħ񹴽ᣡΥħ֮ԼҪôϵȵߣѾܾûˣ
һŤĹâҫһֻʮףͷϳʮһͷ嵽˹λħʮħҲ˳ŹһḬ֮̃ɫ
Ǵ۹ʮ֮һ񹬹¹ħĽᡣħ죬ûл¹ħǰ޷֡ڣΥϹħ֮Լ֮£¹ħҲס
ҶǹˣˣɢһζҪ˺
һâҫһͷ峤ߴǧףŽɫëӥħֱӸ֣Ķ棬ɭޱȵɱ
Ĵλħ٣λλħͶӰһ֣΢΢ͷվһߣһԲ
򻨹һĨϧ֮ɫϧˣᣬ۹ĵˡ
ȻѾʮħУ򻨹Ӹʮħᡣ޻ħҲԲΪһʮħһλħ񽻶
Ĵλħ𣿱Ҫٵö࣡ҲˣǼȻˣôͳͳȥɣ
΢΢һЦһħ֮ƽ֯һλħĿֱֲϯķ
һɲ֮䣬ͳӥħǰһ̣һ´ӥħͷ­֮ڡ
һɿֲޱȵ֮ɷ򷢶һڤڤ֮е֮ߣħ磬ӥħı֮ϡ
ô
ħһħĹȣӥħؿһ¶һֲֻޱȵľ֣ŵkԴõkһ󾪿ֵļ֮
ʮ֮䣬ӥħͱһҽɢ
λħ񣡣
Ҷλħ񣡣

Ŀɿڴг벻š


1408 ѹ볼
ħ֮ħ֮Ƹ֣һһ±λħĿֲϢk΢΢һΣһʮħϣſһҧһҧʮħ֮ϡ
ʮħĽֻһͶӰֵסħĹһ˲ͱħƷ
ħ֮Уһħ֮ڣһ峤ǧףʮ飬ͬһ㳤Žֵħͷһ¶һѪڡ
һѪԴԴϵʮħıԴ֮
һ壡
ħͨ䣬֪Լһ棬һ¸ֳһħ֮ƣϢһңʼԱ
ԱͶӰħûκ˺ܹնһǿ棬Ҳܹħ
Աħ񣬿ϧķӦһ㣡
һЦһץһ´ħͶӰڡ
ħͶӰԱһ±ֹͣɷ׷֮£ӵħıϡ
ħ磬һŸˡǵĹ֮ڣһͷ峤ǧף֯ħ֮Ƶħؿһ¶һֱֱֻۣӴ˵kڡ
ȻҿԽ޾ľ빥ң飡
ħſѪڣһֱֻۺݺһҧǿԹᴩһеҧֱ֮ϡ
һ˿˿ħʼħ֮ӿһֱ֮ϸ֣Ĳסħħ޷
ħʵôܣ
ħһĨޱȵĿ⾪ּС
һӴޱȵ֮ħԴʮ֮䣬kԴͱɵһɶһҳƮɢ
ħ֮λ֮λĿֲڣħʵҲħܹĴڡ
۾΢΢һ¶һ˿ϲɫħȻһ˿ɱԴ֮˵kҵɰѾһһɹ򣡡
ħƿɹħȨܾɡ潫k֮΢Լĺİɰ͸һøǿ
ħѾջ񡣷ʿչֻ¼ǧɰ嶼Ըһ
һԼڵ֮У޵еĴڡͬģЩԼҪһʮѡ
һҪٽֻܹǰ桢֮սս֮лþ޴ĺôǱͬߵ;
ӵߣ໥ƺ⣬õkǸǰðաһ֮бش߾ԲŹûᣬɵǱشߡ
ȻûκζҳԾΪֻҪܹҵѣһҾͲɱ㣡
鼫ãһ޻ħ΢΢һЦ
ҶǴˣԸ⳼һ
ǿףɢǿ޻ħɫ΢΢һ䣬ʮֹϵڵϹ
ħͶӰٵ䣬ڷ䣬Ҳ޷˵λħħֺ澫ͨɷһնɱЩħͶӰܹͨħͶӰ׷ݱֱħԴֱ졣
޻ħ񿴵λħУʱ׽켫Ϊգһвͻֱ䡣kȨ֮󣬹ϵѡͶ棬ֻΪܹȥ
浭һЦ㵽ʶʱıӡǣ
޻ħʮֹǣϣ
ħ磬һɼŮĹȵ֮ڣһ֮ϣɢһɾŮһᱻħһ˫ۣһĨΣһ̾ǵùң˼ʮ꣬û뵽ȻǻΪ˵ū͡
һԳʥ֮ħ֮޻ħı֣ħ֮΢΢һȣkͻһâʧ
硣
ʮħЩ£ȻǾȥɣ
濴ǻڵʮħͶӰüͷ΢΢һһץһ´ʮħͶӰ֮ڡ
һɷ΢΢һħʮħıؿһ³һֻƣһħ֮γɵɺڶһ¸֣ʮħħԴ
ħʣ
ʮħһĨ壬һ־׵ĽһĻɻҡ
Ƿ֮ʮħͶӰҲһ±ʧ
޻ħ΢΢һݣʮħ񱻸ɵˣײУʵѾԽϹʱλħ񣬿ħʣ
޻ħҲǴϹʱλħ񡣵kۼʶħʵ໥ɱ
ħʼǿսΪֲλħֻܹΪڻңħʵ
ǼħʵĽ֮УkλħѾ޻ħֻһλħϹ֮ս󣬻˼λħʬ壬Ӷ˺üλħħȲŽλħ
޻ħУʱѾΪ˽ħʵĿֲڣԶԶԽλħ
ЩСħͶӰħĹ֮£һͱɣͶӰԱ첻
ΰҶǴˣĦԸ⳼ΪЧһ

ЩСħ󲿷Ҳ̰֮׷׽е
ɨЩСħһάסͶӰĴڣȺ䣡
ЩСħ񲻸Ҷ໰һʵʵάסͶӰվƬ֮С
ϣ
һҫ޻ħ֮߳һһɫ˵ӡֱӷɳ
һ֣ħ֮ûǸӡ֮ڣƿס޻ħӡǡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ܺãһԿʼˣ
۹룬һǽߴףΰޱȵľ޳ǳǡǳǾ۹׶һƿءһ̷ħλħǡ
Ϲһս֮УҲһպյɱ񡣵һʮλħ񱻵k𡣵kҲħ֮УĿֲ֮һ
Ҳų򣬳ǧ׵ľ޴սԶǳϷ
ףǵǳħվս֮ϣȻĸ·ǳǣڵkսˡ
ǳǣһ֮򣬸ڴ˵طߣ
ǳ֮Уһ֮
һħ֮ǳ֮һͷԵޱȣɢſֲϢ峤׵ľֱӸ֣ɢλħĿֲſǳħڵսһҧȥ
һͷ峤׵ľǳǵĵ֮һֲޱȣλħ񱻵kҧһڣҲˡ
ȻҶҳ֣
ǳħ֮кâһһץǳ֮γһֲֻޱȵǳ֣һͷһץ˲佫ͷץУһֱӽͷ󱬡
һͷǱ󱬵һ˲䣬ǳһҲһǽ̮Ƭسݣ


1409 ɨ
λħ񣡣
һλħݵ
λħ

۹ǿǸӦһɿֲ׵һĨ֮ɫʧе
һλħڷ֮У޵еĴڡλħ֣Ժ硣㷲֮ǿĻ嶯ọ̃Ҳ޷ֵһλħҲֻܹ֧Ƭ̡
Ǿżΰǳħ񣡣
һĸߴ󣬱һ޴βòϣɢһɱϢǻʴǳ֮߳ǳħ񹧹һ
ǳħһλħͬһ׼ĴڡǻǾȻзֺ
ǳħ֮һĨɭޱȵɱǾţͳͳңΪ򣬾ȥ
ǾһĨ֮ɫһΰǳħ񣡰Ϲʱħ֮Լ˽Ĺ鷲ˣħĹħħ񲻵Ը淲ѵҪΥϹʱħ֮Լ𣿡
ϣƾ㣬ʲôʸң
ǳħ֮һĨâǳһָ
һǳ֮ҫһڷǱһޱȵǳ֮ǣ֮ǳֱ׹䡣
Ǿѣĺеס֣
ǳ֮УһֻײбϢĿֲצֱ˺Ѳ񷣬֮һǺݺץȥ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǴ׹ǿֲޱȵצһͬ顣
һצ̬ħֱѣƬ·ɽ
һ乩ħ֮ڣʮħʹͽ΢΢һըѿ飬·ɽ
סǳħһ֮֮һĶǿ߾Ѿ䣬һһħλħĿֲ֮˽޵еĿֲڡ
٣
ǾųԹĿǳħһۣһ¸ֳޱȵķģͨڤڤ֮еħ硣
һǿޱȵһ½ٵǾŵϣħ֮ƽ֯һֱӱΪһ峤ߴףɢŻϢĻ
ǳħ㾹ȻҶҵħʹͽ֣ΥϹʱħ֮Լˣһħ񣬽ɱ
Ŀ·΢΢һɨϲ¶һޱȵЦݡ
ǳħһΥϹʱħ֮ԼͻܵħַǳħѺͺѶ޷k
Ϲʱһֱ죬ЩΥϹħ֮ԼħѾ䣬ûһ⡣
ڻ˵һҲͻˣܹ̳ǳħ񣬾ֻܹһ֣Ҳܹõkøӵǿ󡣵kѹ꣬ѾܾûƷλħѪζ
ǳħ΢΢һЦɱңϧûǸˣ
񿴵ǳħţжʱӿһ˿˿ԤС
һӰ΢΢һ·һƬӰֱ֮ӷɳһ˲ڻһצǻڡ
ץˣ
ɷ˲䷢ǻĻһצħ֮У֮ϡ
ħһϢĹ֮ڣһͷ峤ߴףŻϢ·ܹĻ
ǻؿڶһֲֻޱȵĴ֣ԴԴϵ֮Ǵ֮ӿŻħԴ֮
ùħ񣡣Ҫɱң͸ȥ
һĨâһħ֮ڵk˫֮н֯k˫һתΪ֮ͫ
֮ǻֱ֮ͫһĴ֮ϡ
ǻ֮ǻǿɱﵣλħǱkһкУֱشȻ󱻵k˺Ƭ
ǻ֮֮£ĴҲһı
ǻ֮ħǿλħ֮һϧ㻹ǲһ㣡
һĨ֮ɫ֮һɿֲޱȵħ֮һ±ڤڤ֮еķûһֻ֮ڡ
ħʣħʵôô
һĨ֮ɫһ±øɱһĻҳƮɢ
ôˣܣܣ
Ǿɫ䣬һĨ;֮ɫ˻ߵؽе
ǾǰһĻһĻɻҡ
֮ڣһֱѿħ֮Ҳڻɢ
ǳħ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫǿԽԽǿˣȻ񶼱׵ɱħʣӦֻа벽֮ң
ħ֮ǿħ֮һ澹ȻԽֱӻɱ˻ֶμֱ졣ħҲûֶΡ
ϾһߣħʴʱǿǶã˫ȫһȼ֮ϡ
浭ͽˣ
ǳħ񹧾ǣϣ
Ѿѹ۹˹ȶǳħ˵ֻǾ֮͵顣
һ˿˿ҫԭʧ
黸ǾǴ۹ĻʶҲǴ۹ͷԡڡ
۹Ļһ;סڴ˵أλħսħ
ʤǴ۹ϵĵһǿߣǿĵһʹͽҲǴ۹ǰλʵ۱¡δ۹Ļʵʤ⡣
սԶΪ׵һս֮վһˣɢ̫һĹâ̫ħ
ʤΰ̫ħ񣬲֪̫ħݹкιɣ
һâ΢΢һһһɫʿһȥӢ̤նУ̫ħǰһ񣬹
ȻʤǷĵһǿߣһλħǰҲ뱣ǫܹٷǿߣλħһָܹɱ
̫ħ񵭵ʤӽһ壬ͳͳҡһҲûдڵıҪˡ
ΰ̫ħԵƬ̣
ʤһĨ֮ɫ̫ħһü֮һ¸ֳһصħ֮ƣû֮С
һɺޱȵħ֮ڤڤ֮ӿ֮Уγһʮף޽ϣɢſֲλħ񲨶Ľսħ
̫ħ㾹ȻΥϹħ֮Լҵʹͽ֡㣬𣿡
սħĮĸ̫ħһĨɭ֮ɫ
սħħ֮ǿħ֮һʵڻ֮ϡ̫¹⡢ǳħ֣ҲδǵkĶ֡
̫ħһĨ֮ɫЦսħһ㣡
һӰ΢΢һֱӳڽսħͶӰһצֱӴ˽սħͶӰ֮ڣɷ򷢶ڤڤķһצ˽սħı֮ڣֲޱȵħ֮ŽսħħԴ֮


1410 ħ
ħһ֮ڡ
һֱֻ۳ڽսħı֮ϣֲħ֮γһɺڶŽսħħԴ
սħž֮ɫħ֮Ȼħʵħʵѵµħʵôܣħôû֣
ħ֮ΪֲĴڣһ涼ḡħǻ޷
ħʣҪôԶľɱңҲδ̫СˣҶϣ
սħâһһУ޾Ĺâӹ˷ӿγһɫħֱֱնȥ
һֲޱȣնһеĺɫâһնұ֮ϣӲĽұֱնأâʧ
һֱնϣսħɫ԰ףڵĴŴ岻ϵĲ
ȻǽսħסһħԴҲһ֣Ҫָܹ
硣
ǿλħսħ񣬾Ȼܹסһ˲𣡣
ջ֣֮ϵһϵĽۣ̾һ䡣
̫ħһۣͽˣȥնk
̫ħ񹧹ǣϣ
ʤĿɿڴֱԼ۾ҶǣǵҶǡ̫ħһλħôƺΪϡ
λħ֮Ϊǿߡ˽֮иûܹĿֲڡھȻΪͺһʵһؤΪһ˲š
ûж࿴ʤ˽һһۣһʧ
̫ħһĨʤһ̷ħ񣬼նɱǳ
ħ硣
һâ΢΢һħ֮С
ħ磡Ȼʥأϧħ˵ʥأԷ˵ȴǾأ
Χ΢΢һɨܹĸӦħ֮еǿޱȵħ֮
ħ֮ͨħ˵Ǵ֮ǶڷȴǾ綾һĴڡΨħϵĳڣܹŨħ֮֮档
ϣ
һ¹սǰվ¹ս֮ϵ¹ħս֮£ǰ湧һ
̤һ¹սȥսħħȣ
¹ħǣϣ
һ¹ҫһ¹ս·һŽսħڵħȷȥ
¹ħ¹ս׷ʲô
¹սһضս·¹ħҪ˭ս

¹սħ֮޼ɵĺֱײ֮û˸һλħҪǷսħ֮УҲֻһλħܹ⡣
¹ħǽսħĹȣ뿪
һɽ֮Уһ𱳸һ޽ʮ׵ľ˿һ¹ս
սħħ֮УΪλħ֮һ̫¹⡢ǳħֶδǵkĶ֡
һȻֻһλħ񣬿¹ħҲ˿壬ûͨλħλħı΢Ϳ־塣
սħĹȣӽ𣬾ûнսħˣ
¹ħһЦһָһ¹¹ս֮һʮ׵ľϡ
һֳ־޽ľž֮ɫһѽ⣬һҳʧ
Ϯ

һޱȵľ֮ǽսħħ֮һһħԼħ޴Ӹӿ߷
һɽѿɽ֮߳һߴǧףֳ־޸ħҾˡһƬ֮к˷ڣһͷ˫׵ħֱӸ֡һɭ֮Уһͷħÿ̤һǴףһֱǴǧײֹͣ
ħÿһɢλħĿֲǽսħķԴԼ̳ĿֲڡҲ⽣սħħȵ֮һ
Щͽˣ
ɨħһ۵
Щħ࣬ɴ󲿷ֶλλħ񣬽ֻͷλħħ޶¹ħев
¹ħɨͷλħħһۣҧǣϣ
浭һЦǰһһħ֮ƽ֯ɺڶֱӸ֣ħҾˡħɭħλħһ
һ˲λħ޾ͱɺڶУϵ
¹ħһĻг𺧣ǿѾħʣҶǣôǿ󣿡
λħÿһǿޱȣǿʿʥۼĿֲڡ½λħսҲʿʥʿ۷ǿߡ
ħҾ˵ħ޽ӽۼĿֲħޣȻһͱɣֱŵ˼㡣
λħɺڶ֮һᣬħԴͱһգҳƮɢ
һһŤ·ڲͬʱ֮УЩħʧ
¹ħӵһ̾Ԧ޾¹⣬ǽսħµħֱӹȥ
ս
һ˿˿ҫ֮ڣ֮ϵĽսħ񣬵һЦ㾹ȻûߣҾȣ
ҾӣҲӳ׷ɱ
սħһ̾һâ֣һصӡֱ֡
ֱնϵһ˲䣬ڽսħӡһӡǡ۽սħӵʲôط׷ɱ
ңȥѡһɣ
սħһЦһɫѾˣΰħԱ£Ҫҳʹ°ɣ
һޱȵħ֮ƽ֯һɺޱߣħʼĿֲϢڤڤ֮е֮и֣ٵһɫ֮ϡ
ǽɫ΢΢Ť仯ΪһߴףݴֿɢһɰԵϢӡ
ΰħʱ£
սħһ¹ڵϣ
Ҷǣ£
ɨһۣȵ
һɺޱߵħʼĿֲѹϯȥκλħħʵѹ֮£ᱻϵ
һЦƾ㣬ûҹʸ񣡣
ȥһ׼ƳΪƱҵղƷ
âħ֮ƽ֯һħ֮ɵľ޴սֱӸ֡
һ޴ս֣նֱŤ
ս΢΢һһֲޱȵĸâֱնȥ
һĨ֮ɫһָһɺڶֱӸ֣һ޴սֱȥ
Ǿ޴սһɺڶ֮ڣһնӲĽɺڶֱնѿ˳ն£һնĻ֮ϡ
һһػֱӱһϸ΢΢һұǿֲսֱն䡣


1411 ħʹ
˲𣬲ħʡϧڵ״ҲðɣҲһ£Ϲħ֮սҲصˡ㲻ֻһҽ֡
΢΢һЦһħ֮ƽ֯Ǳնϵһ˲
ɫһһָ
һֲޱȵľ޸ٴһննȥ
һҲɱңԲ
кâ˫һ²ħ֮ƣħ֮֮һֲޱȵľ޸ȥ
¡
һɿֲޱȵ˷ɢȥһֲ׵ľ޸顣
ԼһĻŲ֮ɫħ֮ôӵħʵ
֮Уֻн׳Ϊħʵǿ߲ܹӵиߵȼħ֮治һλħ񣬸ܼԦħ֮
һεħʣң
΢΢һЦһԵǰָһţݺһԵͷ֮ϣһɺڶֱӸֱ֣˽ȥ
ˣҶǣҪʮ壡
âһģԱ
ħ֮ƴɺڶ֮и֣ĲԵ֮ϣ޷Ա
֮ԵֱӱҳƮɢ
Ҳȥɣ
һģһڽսħͷ­֮ϣֲޱȵɺڶ֣ǽսħֱɡ
ǿޱȵħԴʵٴνڽ
ħ룬һƬռʮľ޴󹬵ȺǹȺ룬һΰףԽ漣ؾ޳ǡ
һԽ漣ؾ޳Ǿħ֮ǣҲħʾסĳС˵֮һؾ޳֮УſԳԽħʵİء
ϹʱħʾΪؾ޳ǵľסȨ໥ɱ䡣
ҶǣҶǣħ֮УκɱҶǡҾͿԽkһħʵͷ­
һؾ޳֮Уһŭޱȵһɿֲޱȵ漣֮Ϊģħ֮ɢȥ
ħʵͷ­
Ա°䲼ʹͣ
ɱҶǣҵʵܹһ

ħ֮УһһǿޱȵλħǸж¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
ԵΪϹ֮սΨһʤߣЩħʵʬ嶼˵kСһħʵͷ­һͨλħսħλħ
Ǿ޴󹬵Ⱥ⣬һ˿˿ҫһֱӴ֮Ծ
һһǼսֱӷɳһս֮кǹȺ֮Сǹ֮һĢֱ𣬴ƬƬĹȺֱӱĨȥ
ڽ漣֮ǣ
Ҫɱħʣ

漣֮ΧסŵλħһĻг𺧣ȴûǰԮ
ΰħԱµħȡ
һλħʯħǹȺ֮иո߳һֱӺʯħ֮ϣʯħֱӺ顣
һɹǿޱȵħϢոմǹȺ֮һǹȺ֮УǹȺ֮еħֱӺƬ
ײУ
ʲôˣ
Ҫħʱ²ݣ

漣֮ΧλħһĻһݡkǶǴˣȻ澹ȻزȻҪħʲݡ
漣֮Ϸһҫһ޴ɽȻ֡
ͷоųƵħ֮ɽ֮зɳɢλħĿֲ
ǾͷоųƵħ֮һɳȻ໥ںһһ±һžŸͷħ֮
һʯӴ֮ӿһͷʯǴǾʯ֮˫ײޱȵħ֮⡣
һ̫漣֮зɳһͷ̫ŭʨҲзɳ
ħħ̫ŭʨħħʵĸȻڣ
ħÿһʵڽսħ֮ϡеkػħ̩ɽ
˾Ȼħʣֱ

Ǿס漣֮ΧλħһͷħжһĨ֮ɫ
ħħ̫ŭʨħħ׷ħս˺պչѫħڵkǵСλħҲkնɱ˳һ
Ϲħ֮ս֮ħ֮λħ㣬ħһݹ͡
ħһĨЩսˣһЦڿԳˣҶǣҪĸΣkȻΰħʱ£
ħ촽һЦҾҪ˫ȣѾþûгԹλħѪˣ
̫ŭʨħҲ¶һײеЦݣҾͰҶӵˣͳͳץһ֪³
ĿѾ֣ڡϣ䣡
һ֮еһһųʮڹܣħ֮ƽ֯
һɲ֮䣬һǻ֮кһ½Ǿħħ̫ŭʨħħȫ֣˳漣֮Ǻȥ
һħ֮ǹȺ֮и֣Ӵޱȵħ֮һû漣֮ڣ漣֮һſһ޴ޱȵķ硣
ǻǾ޴ķ֮ϣǾ޴ķ֮ϣһ
ǹʧ֮ħȫҷ𣬴ƬĹȺѾʧ
ħħ̫ŭʨħ군ˣ
һ˲䣬kˣ
ײУ

Χ۵λħһĻг˿־塣
ħħκһ֣ܹΧ۵λħɱǾħħȻһͱɱֱŵ˼㡣
սâҫһǹȺ֮ϣǹȺֱӻ
Ⱥṩ漣֮ǷԴڵ㣬ֻлٵЩȺܹһٹһ漣֮ǡ
һԲֱӴ֮зɳû漣֮ΧȺڵķλγΪһе֮
Ще֮âҫĳȡ漣֮Χħ֮
漣֮ħ֮ǻе֮ȡû֮ڣΪǡڡܡ
һ޿ռ֮Уָ漣֮ǵս
漣֮ħʶΪ֮ĳУ֪ŶɱﵡɲԸͷħʵĵɱ
ֻҪȡ漣֮ǵħ֮漣֮ǾԼֲ˶á
漣֮֮Уһ·ɳλħǿߣkǶǿʿĿֲڡ
֮еһǼսâҫһλħϣλħֱӺ顣
ЩսȥЩλħǷɱ
ֲıը֮ڶ
ս䣬Ҳλħ䡣
֮Уһħ֮Ƹ֣ϵλħ֮ɢħԴϢϵǿ


1412 ħ
һλħ˺飬λħһ䣬һһƫơ
漣֮Уһħ֮ƽ֯γһ޴սꪡ
âǾ޴ս֮ϣһֱӴȥ
֮Уһеâҫһǿޱȵķֱۣγ˰ԲΡ
һ޴սһһԲεĽ֮ϡǰԲεĽһı顣
ص㳬Ͻװ˿ֲޱȵ֮һı顣
Ƭװײк˷ȥ
ǿֲޱȵ׹ɢȥ֮һѾȺһֲޱȵĴ󶴣ޱȡ
ԭֱߴһǧװױ˾ųϣֱһС˰ҡ
Ĺ̻˴һռ֮зɳû֮УʼѸٵһء
һſŻеԲӸطûصһ֮ڣѸٵ޲ء
һħ֮֮и֣Χħ֮ѸٵĽ޸
ÿµ޸ٶȣ
ǿ£

ħһĻжӿһ˿˿⡣
ÿһħӵǿޱȵĲԣһЩħ㱻ֻʣһѪ⣬Ҳٴ
ǶħĹ̺ſֲޱȵķ֮ûЩ֮ǰkǿֲޱȵᱻơ
޸ֱ죬·ǿħȫһĹֻͨĹһ㡣
һâҫһڡĹٴκ漣֮ǵķ֮ϡ
漣֮ǵķ΢΢һһı顣
Ƭħ֮ѾزõĻеȡ漣֮оôǿֲû㹻֧֣ҲԵֵ಻ϵĽ
ʱյĿƼѾԶԶ֮ϡħ֮ȶʿ֮£صĸܶѾԶԶ֮ϡ
Ҷǣ
һ춯صŭ֮漣֮дһŻƽսףϹһֻ۾߰ףһͷɫ䣬һŤħ֮ħһĴ漣֮߳
ħ壡
kȻԳˣ
Ϲ֮ս󣬵kˣ

֮еλħһħ壬΢΢ڵλħ֮ħħ֮ѹơ
һ˿˿ҫ֮л߳ħ壬¶һ˿Ц⣺ȻûȬ
ͬħĿֲǿߣײˡͨƣkһ˲ָܹһͬ׵ǿشܵԴ֮ˣҪȬͻʮѡ
ɱѾ㹻
âһֳһնʸһԽգǰӸֱն¡
ȫʢ֮ʱ㣬Ҳɵ֡ڵ㣬ֱһ
浭һЦһĨĹâһ˿˿ħ̤֮һ˴һʱŤĹ״̬
һ˲䣬·ڹȥڡδϵĴ
նʸǿնѲ񷡢ռ䣬նɱһеĿֲնϣֱӴӵkϴ
һĻһĨ֮ɫʧеô£
ʱյĻ֮һ
΢΢һЦһ˲ָһצֱӷеķһ´ࡣ
ħ֮ҫֲޱȵ֮˲䱬ħԴ
һֲޱȵɺڶֱӸֱ֣ӾС

岻ħʣâһħ֮ƽ֯γһסǡնʸǣǡնʸֱնȥ
ħ֮ƽ֯γһŤĺɫ֮⡣
һŤĺɫ֮⽫ǡնʸһֱǣƫƵһߣն֮ϣֱնϡ
ɱʱϧˣ
һЦ֮ħ֮ƽ֯һɺޱߵħϢ
ħ֮УӴޱȵħ֮˷۶γһֲޱȵС
ޱߵħ֮ԴԴϵӿûڡ
һҫޱȣѹµǳħ֮Ƿ˽Ϸ
ħ֮ǣ
µħʵˣ
˭Ȼħʣ
ѵҶǣҪɱҶǣ
Ҷǣһ鷲ˣkô֮죿

ħ֮УһλħȽȽħ֮ǣһĿɿڴг𺧡
ħ֮ǿߣ޵еĴڡЩλħħʵУҲֻ΢ǿ׳һЩϡ
һħʵ𣬾ζħеֽᱻơ
ħʣôܣôܣ
忴ɢħʼ棬ĿɿڴŲ֮ɫʧе
ħʽ׼Ϊգ֪λħ񶼼ʮꡢ궼޷һ
嵱Ҳաǿһħʡ
ֱһ죬Ľħʣ弸
Ϊߣ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ɺڶ֮һ±ٱǿֲޱȵ֮֮£һĻҽ
ħ֮У΢΢һһŴħֱ֮ӿʼ
µǳʼˣ
£ˣ
ô

ħ֮УħǴħ֮Ǳжκˡ
ԴϹ֮սħΨһһħʣ޵СеħǵkĳӺͲ¡
ħһ䣬ζħĽһˡ
ħ棬ӽħˡ˳߲
һԵħ֮лصеħж΢΢һݡ
¹ħ棬Щ㱣Ų֮ɫħʣȻħˣңҲҶǣ棡
¹ħҲ˽ĳɳ̡ķɿɳҲǡȻ׳ΪħʣkʲôҲֻܹԼ̣ұ¶һ˿һ
˽磬۹
ǳħһűħ֮ǣ֮ɣkȻˣ徹ȻڵkСĵkȷʵʸΪҵˣ
۹
̫ħ֮Ǳħ֮ǣĹʣҵϣȻնɱˣ
ʤ֮бһħ֮ǣ֮ɫħʣȻħʶˣ
治֮ǰʤлֻһͨķˣھȻħʶСֱ˷˼
񹬡
ħˣôܣ̫ã̫ˣ
޻ħ֮бһħ֮ǣĿɿڴ¶һ˿˿ӵ飬֪ÿ޻ǸЦ


1413 ֮ϼ
ħ֮ħʵϢһħ֮д̫ħ¹ħǳħ޻ħĴλħ֣һ·ɨѹħ֮еĸҡ
Щʵǿλħڱնɱ˼֮󣬶ƣϵ泼
ħ֮ȻСҲϣȴѾƽ
һƿħ磬ħ֮еԴԴԴϵĴ˷ӿС
һ漣֮ǣȻŲɱﵡϧûôǿɱҲá
漣֮ţ֮̾ɫ
ļʶȻԿ漣֮ʵϾһ֮һһȱ֮
һ֮Ȼһ壬ǿޱȣûǿ֧֣֮ҲԷӳܡ
ȡ漣֮Χħ֮һ漣֮ûԴӲܣŴ漣֮бƳձɱ
ʲô
һ漣֮ǵ룬ͿһָֻСɫˮ֮С
ϸɫˮ֮ϣ漣֮˷Ӷȥ
һصϢɫˮ֮Ǽʶ涼ʲô
ħ֮УӵĵرĵرȻ֪ʲôӴޱȵһɨҲյkǵĲԡߵĿֲ
һöɫˮȻǿҲʲôãֱ¡
ֻǿĦʯϵĵر
΢΢һһ˿˿˵΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
ħ֮ǿޱȣټһߣѾָһЩ߲ӵеܡ
濴һöɫˮһۣתȥı֮ڡ
ı֮ڣ˸ĵرԼħʶкôı
濴Ǳ֮е˫֮һĨâڣҪȶƣԼȻſԽһļƻ
ʱţʮʱת˲ȥ
˽硢ħʮ֮УѾͳһ
綼εƿУĵرϡޱȵԴԴԴϵС
ħ磬ʹһ޴ޱȵʵڡ
һֱߴһǧ֯ħ֮Ƶ߼ء
һħ֮ƽ֯һޱȵӡ͡
վǸ߼֮ǰһָһ̺ӴħԴԴԴϵûһ߼֮ڡ
һħ֮Ƶ߼֮ϵӡʮλħħԴγɡ
ӡ͵һ˲䣬ħ֮ħ֮ڹγһſֲޱȵУעһ߼֮ڡ
ħʱ³֣
ÿµ󣡣ħʱһʲôر
ʲô

ħ֮Уһλħ񶼸Ӧر仯һĿ˷۶߼ж
ҹŻɢ

âһһ
Ǳ鲼ħһеâҫĳȡŸصħ֮һâ߻۶
ħ֮γɵǹ˷۶ջ۵γһħ֮γɵĹûڡ
һָӴޱȵħ֮ԴԴϵûǸ߼֮ڡ
ʱţʮʱٴιȥ
ʮ֮Уħħ֮תΪħ֮ע߼֮ڡ
߼΢΢һһޱȵĲӻ֮
һĨϧ֮ɫ΢΢һֹ̾ͣħ֮ѾǼˣϧ޷һ죬һ߼ǿߣ
㵱־İ֮£ķԴԼһĦʯս׳ɹ̤֮
Ȼ֮ԴȻ޷ֱһƳһ𿰱Ŀֲǿߡ
߼΢΢һֱѿ
߼룬һһͷɫѩ񣬴һʥӨ⣬Ը˼ľˡ
ɫһ˫ۣһɫħ֮⻷ڵkĽ֮ϣγһɫȹ
ϼϣ
һ֮ϼһЦһ
ܣѾԽӰǼ㣡һԴƶɵ֮
ɨϼһۣϼĸֱܾӳУ¶һ˿Ц⡣
΢΢һЦ飬ͽˣ
ϼһЦǣϣ־ù᳹
ϼ˼䣬΢΢һΣһâʧ
ʿ͹涼̫Զˣӵٿţܵش
һ˿˿ҫıԵһĤ֮ǳһ֣һöӶжߵһ·ɳ
Խ㣬̳˶ۺķѪ֮дһöʵ
һһǿǳ֮Уû֮ڣļȡһǳıԴ֮
һǳ΢΢һһĲӿıԴһöӡ
ȻˣҪͱһıԴ֮
˫֮н֯һħ֮ƣ˫ͫҲתΪһԿֲޱȵħ֮ͫĿǡ
Ӷ۵ļ֮УѾ֪һöԽĹʵǡǡһ汾ԴɵĹʵÿһ֮սʤ֮󣬲ֲܹһΡ
һֲͻ𽥵˥䣬ܼϵĵ䡣
㲻ĸһܼ䣬Ҳ֮˥áڶʱ֮ڱøǿҲֹֻʣʵҲ޷
֪ǡЧ֮󣬾ɵʿֲ֮ħ
ħڵ沢ûӡӡǣܼ˥䣬ҲӰ첻档޼ɵֲ֮ˡ
Ѿ£ͿʲôʱϹˣ
΢΢һһ»һʧ
棬һĺ԰֮ڣŸޱȵĻ䡣
һޱȵĻڻ԰֮ɢһϢ
һޱȵĸŮǻ԰֮裬Ц塣һޱȵֻơ
һһͷɫһɫۣò˼УվƱЩŮˡ
һ˼ӾǶ֮оŴ֮һ˹
ǡĲޡڿʼֲˣά겻ԡ˱仯ѵǸˣ
˹۾΢΢һһĨ˷ܵĹâǵkۡۺɳǰʿڵ档


1414 
һܼĲͬҲ᲻ϵƶάҲʱŶϵı仯
ʿڵ˹ܼ֮ߣάҲѾ仯ԭλ
ǿҪ棬һ¾Ҫһꡣ
۵kǴߵġ֮У˹õֶΡάȻֻ˹ֶ֮һ
ǡӵ˽Ҫ㣬;Իֲ
ֻǶۡۺҲǾţӲҵ˾Ԫ½һصĵطǡɢŵĲӡضϡûб˹ȫʿꡣ
ۡۺҲ˽ģҪ֮붼ϵȴУеһжա
ҪҪϵkǣ
˹΢΢һ˳֮С
֮УӵоŴػܼҲԶ档ǾŴ֣޵С
ȥΣգȥϵkǣ
˹һһĨ֮ɫʧ
ħΧĤ֮⡣
һ˿˿â΢΢ҫ˹ħΧĤ
ҵ֪棿
˹ħ磬һĨĹâ
һ籩֮ҲҪĴܹάԼڡ
˹ַͨţʿڵ档ֻǵʱkϾֻܹɳǰȥӪûн澧֮ǰkҲ޷ֱ浽ǲǵkҵ档
ܼûߵĴڣȴۼǿߣҵһ˾ܹ£
˹˫֮һ¸ֳصĹâħһɨ¶һ˷ܵЦݡ
һ˵һûػʮִk齵Ǹ棬ӦǸĹҲԺܿص۷塣
˹ħһɨһ۾Ϳħ羧ڵı֮΢΢һЦһ·ɵǱ֮
һɫĹһ´˹ıɳħ羧ڵı֮ʮɵĿɳһС
һ˹֮зɳûһߵڣֱӷħ֮ڡ
ħ֮С
ǹ߸ոһħ磬ͱħ羧ڱ֮һſŻеǳ׽ƶ켣
֣Ͽʾ99%Ϊ飡ʼ׽ҵ
ߵ飬һ㣡
ϼ֮һĨʣȻһЦһһԾ֮Уԭʧ
һɫĹһħ磬ħųĿֲڡʴ
˹ǴһޱȵĲħ
ϼħµֱ֮һߴˣ
һЦһڡĹһһɫĹ֮ϡ
һɫĹ΢΢һһɫҫһ˿֮γһ˿ޱȵɫ硣
һһɫĽ֮ϣɫĽһͬ
ɫĹߵסһ֮һֽ⣬γ˹塣
˹ĿһʮֹϵǶľŴ֮һ˹óȻ棬ʮֱǸұΪ磬ȻħѾΪˣôԸ뿪˵أҸۡ
˹һߣ棬־ܹɱϼڶ棬ǿԵɱͬΪߵ档
ħ֮У˹ߵûд棬һߵĶ֡kϼ޻֮Ϸ
ϼ֮۲ת˵ˣȻһЦԸ⸶ʲôۣ
˹΢΢һЦóջԸ⸶ν֪ʶκһ֮У鶼ӵԪһԪľ۶ôǿĴڣͻ긯࣬һѿݹǡΨн㣬ܹһڡ治㲻
һ⣡
ϼȻһЦһ¸ֳħ֮ƣγһħ֮ӽһն
һɲ֮䣬ħ־ӳһ֮ϡ
𶯡رһֹޱȵһи֣űضеˣ˹ݺնȥ
޷棬Ȼ־Ҳһ飡
˹һĻ˫֮ŷŭޱȵĻ棬һŭɫҫγһޱȵɫĻ
ɫĻһޱȵŤһ֮ϡ
ɫĹâ֮У̺־һȻ˹Ӳĵס
һɿֲޱȵֱӱ˹ɳҲһı
˹Ͼһħ磬Ȼֵ֮סϼȫһȻʮ־ˣѾ˼Դ
˲𣬲ߣϧҵأѡս˹һΰɣ
һһԴ֮߳һץһץסǱش˹һɿֲޱȵֱ֮ӱ˹ֱѹ
˭㾹ȻңһŹģ֮󣬾ԲŹģ
˹˫֮һĨŭɫĺţš
ǿֲޱȵ֮֮£˹ôk鶼һıޱȵûڡ
浭һЦϧ㣬ֻøǿԶҲûбĻˣ
㡭
һŭޱȵĺ֮У˹ž֮ɫֱ䡣
˫ۣܹĸ֪Χħ־ĻһӴޱȵħ֮ûڡ
ߵħ־˵ǴСնɱħ־ĴУȻ־ʵһ
Ѿ䣬ڸýֵkˣ
һĨâ΢΢һΣһ澧ڵı֮ɫ߿ٳͨѸٵȥ
ոһ̤澧ڣһɿֲޱȵ籩Ҫkɢ
һâֱӸ֣ʿֱӸ֡
һֱӷɳûʿ֮ϣһǿޱȵѹߵֱ֮Ӹա

˫֮кâһ֮һץ˺գ¶˹ħ֮
߱棬Ҳðž޴ķաһ鱻˲׽ô֮ҲǿߵС
һץһץ˹֮ϣֲޱȵ֮˹㱾Դ
ǿޱȵ㱾Դ֮£ڵ֮ҲѸٵ
ڻָˣҵʵڸһ
ҹ֮滺˫ۣ¶֮ɫϵƣȫָ


1415 ֮ס
ҲѾ˹еõ֮Уǿƣûôû졣
üͷ΢΢һ˳֮С
Ĳͬά֮Уӵ棬궼԰Ϊλܼı仯ϵı仯
ΨдŲ䣬ĺ֮أǿߵ̨
Ҳֻд֮Уӵи㼶ĵرǡҲ˹ڴһ֮лõı
֮Уǿơе֮ǿ׷ݱԴشߵӡǡ
ʿ֮е߾Ǳ֮е֮شӡǱֱ䡣
˹Ҳڴ֮ۿһĻŹԼ棬ҳ
һĨ֮ɫ֮Ȼܹ׷ݱԴشһߵӡǣǿ£
ǽԼӡĴڣ治㲻
Ȼ˹ʵϣ˹ȴûֻҪ߼ʮ꣬kͿڶ֮
˹ٴΣֻҪkڶ֮еӡûбܹߵĿֲ֮
΢΢һķţأĿǰʵӦڶ졣ʵڴ֮УҲߡԲһЩԴᡣ
ڴ֮У߻Ϊ졣۶ֻһ졣
˹һǿߡkԼ㱾Դ֮󣬲Ȭһľ硣
ڽ֮ǰҵʵӵ̡вҲڴ֮С
΢΢һһΣħԵħʵ壬Լ߼̤ħ֮ڡ
汾߼һħ磬һɿֲޱȵų֮
һ澧ڼΪӲ֮ǿ߶ǿдݻ١Ҫȫݻһľڣֻд֮ЩԽ֮Ŀֲڣܹ쵽
ħһŤһħ֮ƣû֮С
һɿֲޱȵֱ֮ӱħ汾Դ֮
֮еĿֲֽ֮һʧƾ̤ħ֮ڡ
ϣ
ϼ̤֮һ񹧹
ĵͷΪػ棡
ħ֮Уһصǿߣ룬Ҳᱻϼѹ֮ǸǿߣĿǰû̫ϣ޷ݡ
ϼȻһЦǣϣ
һԭʧ
ħ漣֮ǵλá
濴漣֮һöˮޱȵɣȻҵġסкô
ס浱Ƽȼ涥⼼ƶɵĵۼرܳѹǿޱȵĵˡ
֮󣬡סһ±Сʿ֮УҲû㹻ԴסΪ֮
һָϵġסֱӷɳֱſһöɫˮ
ӡ֣ʼһöɫˮ
һöɫˮ·漣֮ںһ㲻ǡסʴ޷ɡ
ˮȻ޷ɣȻܹƳΪ֮ͲֵܵסߵֶΣ
һЦһָһǿޱȵֱ֮ӿûǡס֮ڡ
ǡסõ֧֣֮һ±ٱϣһĽһöɫˮɡ
һöɫˮס֮ǡסڲϵ죬漣֮ǵӶȥ
ʱţʮʱת˲š
һ죬ħ΢΢һӴޱȵħ֮˷漣֮ǵķ۶ȥ
Ӵޱȵħ֮֮зڹγһ伸ħơ
֮У֮
ô£
ףɱħʵĽף
ħʱ´ŭ죡
ڷŭkˣ

Ӵħ֮γɵƣħ֮ħжһĨâеΪĲѣеǳ˷ܣϣǽ֮лΪС
һ֮Уˣ̫¹⡢ǳħ
ħ֮еƣܹо̺֮˾ħʱǽһҲữ촷ۣʧ
̫ħһĨ֮ɫףôħʱ¾Ȼŭ죡
¹ħһҰףЦǵӡǶڱµУǱ䣬Ҳˣ
ǳħ֮һĨâᶨ²µģ
¹ħһȻһЦãǿסԶʱ׵ħûһܹȻǿޱȣҲδԶʱħʵĶ֡׽£ˡҲˡ
ǳħҧĬ
ףǲÿԳΪұ֣
һЦ֮֮дħ֮лص
ħ֮˲˼һĻˣһֻľִ漣֮ǵķ֮һץ
һɱħʵΡΡ֮кֻ֮ϡ
һɺڶ֣ǿֲޱȵͳͳɣ˳һץһħ֮ƴ䣬ֱѹ
ħֱСΪһţûǸ֮ڣʧ
ױѹˣ
ôܣ
ǿǿɱħʵĿֲף
ħʣôǿ󣿡

ħ֮еħǼһĻжŲ֮ɫħֲ֮ĽףħҲֻ·һ׾Ȼһצ飬ֱ졣
̫ħĿɿڴȻˣ
¹ħҲһ˼飺ôܣǿסûܹף
ǳħ֮ųҫޱȵɣϣ
ħʹڵһ֣׾ûˡס֮ڡ
ǡס֮ٴɱ䣬ӡ֮н֯ޱȵħ֮ƣһ˿˿Ϣ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڳˣӵһ֮
ǡסһɣʵٴһء
һΣһǿȼձԴ淢Ҳܵɻָ֮ˡ
֮ġס۵ȹ֣ҲԲ֡
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺һ棬أҲʮΣաһɹȴҲкôҵʵѾ㹻ǿ󣬿ǰ档


1416 
֮еĿֲ籩֮Уһ˿˿ҫһޱ޼ʵıĤԵ
ǴıĤֻ߲ܹ˺ѱĤ档
濴ǴıĤһĨ֮ɫ
ǴıĤޱ޼ʣΪλ㡣ȻһߣҲ޷һĤȫò
ħȣͬһССĳ
һǴıĤ֮ǰǴıĤ֮ȥ
һǿޱȵų֮ǴıĤ֮ӿǾ޴ų֮׵Ľһѹ촷ۡ
˫֮иֳصӡһɺޱߵ֮һ˴ıĤ֮ڡ
֮һǴıĤ֮дĿֲѹʧ׵ĴһĤ
Ǵ棡
һǴıĤ֮ڣӦһɸܼ
Ǹܼһг֮ʿʿħħ֮֮жȫͨá
Ӵޱȵ֮΢΢һɨһ½Լ֮Уʵ˾ųϡԣӵеʵ
ʿ֮УΪʿߣһصǿǿʿ磬Ҳᱻɺɱ
ߵȨܣܹصǿߺɱ
ʱ˴棬Ȼߣȴ޷˾ųϡ
Ǵ磡
Ǵ֮˹ļ䣬֮Уҵ˴ġ硣
ͨλһֱҲʮңȴޱ޼ʣľ㡣
Ȼǿ棬ҲԿı߽硣
棬ǳγһСС硣һСС֮Уǳͬһ硣
ÿһܼɹ֮ǰܼʤһ߼ǿߡ
ֻн㣬һ֮룬ܹӵʵ̤硣
΢΢һΣһֱû֮ڡ
ɽ
һ̧һӣͣһ̵Ĵϡ
ǽ֮һԼʮ꣬ѩףɰһͷɫͷϳһԺ㴥ǣʮɰŮֻŮʱž֮ɫϵĲȻ˿־塣
һͷϳź㴥ǣ¶ʮ߰꣬ѩףΣһ˫鼸¶ȻԸУ޾׳ٸľɫŮţ棺ܿҵܿҶԲ㣡ҵܿ
ڷŮ֮ž֮ɫϣҲҲ뵱Ʒ
һͷϳźǣһװ˾ţһ۵ɫһһ»ʿĿֲ֮죡򡢵ܿѵҪǶ𣿡
΢΢һ֮һĨ־壬Ĭֻǿ
һָһ˿ֱڵܿϣֱӷס
ΰˣǽĹӻ塣
һһ¹ڵǺͷ
ΰˣӻ壡
˶˵Ϲޱȴ
Ǻһڣһͷ峤ߴףֻ۾ɢʥ߼ĿֲǺ֮Ŀ˵ܿϣһḬ֮̃ɫ
һĸŮҪˣĹˣ
һĨâһɫˮһһ²˵򡢵ܿĸŮϡ
֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һһȻһ
΢΢һͷ͵øˡ
һĵһŮ֮Ľߡһ幩ǰҶ˵һ仰һŭһֻ³ʮҡ
ʥ߼㣬
һ֮дһֲֻޱȵĴִһץסһͷպգһ
˭ǿ
ܿǲһưԷԲǧһ֮УСΪƴС·һֻһ㣬֮֮ɫ
ҲĿɿڴԼ۾񣬾Ȼѹˣôܣ˭
ػȻkȡĹͬҲӻ塣
һаɱǿ߽֣ɽѣضɽҡ澹Ȼ׵ѹ񣬼ֱš
ļ䣡
һ¸ֳһɺڶֱɣһ˲Ѿļȫ
üͷ΢΢һ壺һʲôûС
һһֻ֣һӵʥ߼Ϊkеļǳ˯˯˳ԡԼŪŮػս
ػˣ
ɱǵػ񣡣
ɱ

֮У˼һĻɫ䡣ʮļ뱳ֱſһԳֳսìֱӹȥ
ϣΪҲɱ𣿡
ɨǿһۣһʥʿĿֲѹֱ
һɲ֮䣬ʮȥһĻɻңƮɢ
һ͸һûУŤڣ֮
ϢŭϢŭûΪе˼ԸΪŮӵ򡢵ܿ׸ˣϢŭ
Ϊ׵»ǿɫ䣬ڵϣͷͷĳѪ
Ϣŭ
ЩǶĹڵ岻ϵĲ
ֱЩ꣬ȡŵkǵļ䡣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǣһĸһ壬ֻҪ꣬ӵпȴʿ֮Уµ壬һʥʿûСȻڴ֮УҲǸ߲㡣
κһ֮УǾ콾֮еľ콾֮еĹ㲻ɱ
ڴģҲǸ߲㣬Ĵڡ
浭ȥǣ
»ǿһĨâǣˣ
һĸһΰޱȵĴǡ֮ӵа˿ڣһ嶼Ϣڡ
֮УħܱʿŨٱֹڵҲһƬԴƶ֮أȻжǿ
Ұôܿˣ
һǣһ»ʿǿ߾ʹ˹ǵ֮ܿɫ
Ұ棡һλˣѾɱһȳܿѾһλ˵Ůūȥϡ


1417 ܷ̫
Ȼ
浹һһĨ־֮ɫʮֹϵãʹȥϡ
ػǿޱȡһֲڣȻ׵ɱʵɼһߡ
嶼סֲǿߵŭ𣬵治ȻҴŭ档
Ĵϵ𣬼ˣʴγƺ
ĳ֮ڣһòӢĸߴһ񹧹
ҽ棡ǹ񣬾ɱģ
濴ӵʿΪĵһۣЦЦһʥ߼Ŀֲѹ
л˳ȣа񣬽һаū֮ȳһԸ㾡һ̷ˡ˳Ϊµػ񡣡
һ¹˵ϣͷ
˳Ϊػ񣡣
ǳ֮ڣеǿ߶ڵϣ
֮ǿƣ꣬ӵǿޡޡޡ
ˡ롢鼶ڴ֮ʮֳ
ǿֻ߽ʿС壬ûһǿĴڱӻ³ʮҡ
С˵ȥǵһҪڻȥ֮󣬲ܹȨ顣
浭һı͵伮ϣҿ֮ٿǡ
𹧹ǣˣ
ıⶼ濪ţһĸֵ伮ҲС
һȻֻһС壬ҲԻ͹ǿһʿǿߡ
֮УΪһÿһ߼ǿߡĿǰڵλΪĵһǿ߾
֮£Ǹ֧һȡ
֮ӵʮȣֱʮ֡
ʿ浱ķΪЧ˷Ȩ󣬱ֱӷһƬ֮ء
Զ࣬òԴͱԽԽ˥һǿҲ䵽˽ֻʿĳ̶ȡ
֮Уǿߵĵȼ߽ײȻʥߡߡߡ֮
Ů֣ϵȻǿ̤߼ʡֲҪˡ
һ侫ĺ԰ڣһɳ֮ϣ߹һŮܿ
Ǵһڰ˿ŮװһߣˮϴЦݡ֣ĸŮѾĿС
õб֮ʮ־ķ˲ٺñһƬ֮֮УһЩԴʥߡͻƿʵı
ŮҲһޱȵԴǽϣǶطһǵԴڵԼ
ȻÿһŮҲǼޣٶҲûá
̫Ӽݵ
һͬһ֮ըѿϯķ
̫ӣִô⣿
ϵ־ϲŸ֮ɫ
̫һܹͽϷ̫ӡ嶼ܹһ죬뿪һƬԴƶ֮أ»Ի͡
ʶôǿطôǿᣬûԴ͸޷סһƬ֮УһֻԽԽ˥ձ塣
һƽսԶǻƽս֮Уһòüһӡǣһͷӡ
һƽս֮ǰÿһ϶ŴޱȵѪÿһͷɢŴʥĿֲ
ǻƽսԱߣվŮÿһ˹ɫס˵϶ɢʥʿĿֲ
ǻƽս󷽣Ǹһֻ˵ľţһֻ֮УĶʿǿߣΪ׵ľųһʥ۷Ŀֲڡ
ϵ𣬰ݼ̫ӣ
и߲㹧ڵϣŷ̫һݡ
ǳӭ߲֮УŮЩŮÿһޱȣ߷顣
һ̷ʮָվڻƽսԵŮʥɨ·Ů֮һĨ֮ɫµŮӣҲ̫ӵ´ǲ
󵨣̫ӵ£Ϊʲô򣿡
һһͷ𷢣һƽսף޾ףɢһӢʵŮʥֳɫսǹһָȵ
һǰȻվŵ棬ʱŵûɢҧ̫ӵ£һλػˡҲһΰʥߣ
̫¶һ˿֮ɫһɸ߸ϵʥߣû뵽ȻƫƧ֮أȻܹһʥߡ棬Һ㡣ԸΪЧ
̫Ƿļ̳ˣ̤֮ͿԳΪǷڣʥ߶ѾͶ
浭һЦ֮УܹΪkЧҲУԲ㣡
һ֮ǰΪkЧȨ֮ҲѡΪһ֮ЧϾʱһ֮ȫпܿԽ棬㱾Դӡش
󵨣ѵѵ㣡
һһͷŮʥ֮кâһֳֻƽսǹԽգһǰһǹȥ
浭һЦָһһָŮʥߵĻƽսǹ֮ϡ
֮УһըѣŮʥ׻һ±ɳ֮ң
ǿ
ڳǿ߼һĻĿ΢΢һ
˲𣡣棬ԭ㾹Ȼһʥǿߡһı£
ǻƽս֮ϣǷ̫һĨâս֮һɰۼĿֲ֮
̫ӵʤ
̫ӵʤ

Ƿ̫ӵսʿǶ󻶺֮
棬ҷǿط֮һ̿գСˣ
̫һĨâһâ֯еĻƽսǹһųһ˿˿
һ˲䣬Ƿ̫Ӿͻһƽսìڿֲޱȵ̫֮УֱӴȥ
ˣ
ĸ߲һĻһĨ֮ɫ
̫һ춯أܣǿֲһܹĸ߲ȫĨȥ治ǿֵ߽ನҲԽĸ߲ͳͳɱ
浭һЦһģһֲֻޱȵĴֱӸ֣һ˷̫ӵϡ
¡
һ֮У֮ǰһֲޱȵķֱ̫ӱɳһѪϵĻƽսһѿ
ߣһߣ̫ӣˣ
̫ɫ䣬Ѫ΢΢һΣǰһ
ˣ
̫ӵĲҲɫ䣬һ


1418 ַ
ߣ
ǿŴԣһĿɿڴŲ֮ɫκˡ
һ֮ҲǶǿߣһ֮һĹһܹ֮ˡ
֮Уһʮȡÿһ֮еӵǧǻ顣ǵ߾Ǿǧǻ˵Ŀֲڡ
κһͶһߣ϶ִܹһȵȨ
̫ȻʾȴȻֻһۣǴŭһ߱ɱǷҲδػΪk
浭̬ȲҾͲɱˣ
һۼǿߴʱУҲϲ࣬־ܹɱǿۣһֻҲ׽ȫɱ
̫Ŵԣʱ亹ֱ֪ԼһˣӦԵõʱѾһʬˡ
Ƿ̫ӵĲҲɫ΢΢һ䣬亹ֱǶǷ֮еľ֣һ˾ͿѹС壬һߵǰȻһ
⣬һܹ˵صĨȥ
̫ӹл˲ɱ֮
浭⣬ġҴҪĸ伮Լ֮еϡԴ
̫΢һǣˣ
һƬޱߣΪλӴ硣ǿԼֲĴ֮ѰŽĻԵ
ÿһ궼ǿߴĽͬÿһҲ콾ǰѰһԵ
̫ӾͲ²һĵߡֵһҪľ֮еĸ֪ʶԼ֮иеԴ
Ͼ֮еһȣǿޱӵϡԴһЩϡԴԵ߶ЧҪԴҲϡ档
̫һ㣬һöˮƽƽķɵС
潫һöˮֱ飬ĵرԼָ֪ʶͳͳûԺ֮Уһ˲䱻ɨݿ֮ڡ
磬һȻôı
۾΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
ӷ̫ӻõĸʾ֮Уӵ䣬ʿѾıܹǷ֮лЩ䣬ȫһ߼ء
ϧϾΪһ߼صһߣֵ̫ˣ
кâһһᣬӶԴĴ㡣
κһ߶СһߣҲ֪kжǿʱ׵ɱһһصǿߣϵǿߣҲҲֻ·һ
һ䣬ҲʿһҪָΪûһֱʿ磬Ҫǧܹ쵽
΢΢һЦ̫ӣǰһƬ֮أʲô£
̫һĨ֮ɫЦһ£ҧˣһһ鱨Ƭ򲻾֮󣬽һַ֡ǰΪ̽Ǹַ
̫ӸܡҲʵһǰرǰһʵֲףֻ»Ҫڷ֮ϡ
˫΢΢һ΢΢һ¶һ˿ЦַҺһַַ̽̽ջǾһֳɣΣ
̫һĨɬȴȻһϲ̫ˣܹͬУҵҡ
岻ӽǾӻ
һ֣һʥʿ״һĴ֮ڡ
֮УŮƣŮӵ΢һ˿ҲֽУΪ֮еĵһ긽ӹ塣
л£
ϲڵϣ
л£

Ƕڵϣϲ
һ߱ӻ֮ڣ̩ɽǷҲǵ鷳
߰ɣ
һ֣һҫޱȵ̫ս֡
һͷۼĴսһ̫ս˷̫ӵսԱߡ
鼶ޣ
ôѪ
һߣ

Ƿ̫ߵǿǿһͷۼĴսڣһ
鼶ޡ֮вЩ鼶ޡ޶ʵǿޱȣѷ᳼ˡ
澹ȻܹۼĴսΪԼֱƿֲ
ǷҲһߣҲû鼶Ϊk
̫ĿһۣһĨ֮ɫ
֮һһʬ帯öɼһ߾߸ʬ壬һŤꡢԹ۵ԹϷһųǧ׵Ľɫ
ǽɫ֮ϣһϹ⣬ޱȡǽɫĻ֮ڣսףޱȵŮ
ս׵Ů֮УΪһüһɫһͷɫٲ㳤ӨĻԸУף绪
ɫŮķ绪֮£ս׵ŮԵȻʧɫ
Զһ紵һֻ峤ߴ׵ɫԦſ磬˴˵ء
ɫıվʮˣΪһһͷɫĳϳһ
û뵽ĳԸ¼ңԸ빫֣һַַ֮ͬ̽һУ׸¡
ɫһӿųһĨĽ֮ɫ֮͸¶޾İĽ
̫ӣƾ㣬ҲȢңǲҵĿǽ㣬ΪһߡԺͲҪˣҲն㣡
ǽɫĻ΢΢һΪ׵üһɫľɫֳһɫķ컭ꪴӻ֮߳ĸ̫ӣ֮һɰԵ֮ɫ
̫Ҳˣ
̫˵ǳ΢΢̧ͷ֮пȥ
ֻ֮У̫׷һֻӴĳӴԶٵ˴˵ء
սڣۼĴսڣȻôս˺ôֱʣʲô
̫ӡһͷսڣжӿһ˿˿𺧡
̫΢΢һЦܵˣλֱ̫Ӻͳĳ
Ȥ
ȵľ콾һۣ˫֮иֳޱȵӡһ¾Ϳһ˿˿̫ӡϵ֮ߡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺߲µȤ


1419 
̫ԥһᣬСȷϵˣһλ𣿡
̫ôҲӦΪѾ²⣬ֻȻûȷϡǷ̫˸ΪķƭǳɹǶΪЦ
ɨ̫һۣһ޵аĿֲѹ̫ӡϯ
ɫ䣺ÿµĵѹֵѹԽ˸ʣ
̫ɫ΢΢һ䣬һˣ֮ǰҶð֮¡
ЦЦĿ̫һۺ㾹ȻңһǸĨƽһ𣿡
̫Ӷʱӿһ˿˿亹Ҳ΢΢
һ޵аĵߣǷȫԽ˵صȫɱֻҪ֮ǰӵĽҲΪС£ǿ
һ£Щ֮йĵǶ״ɱ䣬⣬̫ӿɲڴˡ
̫ӿ̫ӣһĨ֮ɫȴ¶һֻЦ⡣
浭һЦδǰΪ˻ĸ֪ʶطԴֻҪó֪ʶԴ¾ʹ˽ҹ
ǣˣ
̫΢һһ㣬âҫһöɫˮȥ
һһöɫˮط֪ʶͳͳûݿ֮ڡ
濴ط΢΢̾ϢһطҲϧҵ֮·Ѿû̫á
ʿǿߣ֮ϵĵ·һϲܹͨ׵죬ǿһ߻ǿŽ׶ɡȫ˹㱾ԴӲ죬ͨطɣҪʮѡ
ҪһҲܹطҲֱֻܹݡһ·ռطҪͨطĹ򣬿һҲķš
澲ܹһҲطͺˣ֮Уǿơ֮Ŀֲǿߣ֮ϵطӦҲ䡣
ԥһᣬҧˣһַðգǿɷַ
ַ֮УҲӵ߶Ҫıһ˵κεǷһַΨһѡǶַȾָƺ⣬Щ߸ַ̽
΢΢һЦ㹻ԴҾǽȥ
ã
ʮֹϣһӣһռͷС
̫ҲĬĬĽһƴСɫռݸ档
Ӵǿռ֮΢΢һɨ¶һ˿֮ɫǿһȥȥ֮ǵİȫԼ𡣡
̫һۣ΢΢Ц
硣
ԹϷһֱ̫Ӹ֣һ̫״̫֮䣬ٴۡ
Թ̫׵ķ֮£һ˲һޱȵ󣬱һ޾ֵĻ֮
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һĹ커Ǹǿߵϸֵ֣̫׵ķա
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̫һŤޱȵĺڶһ˿˿ŤҵĿռ䲨Ǻڶ֮д
ַȷʵ̫ӣȽȥ
濴һŤҵĿռ䲨һۣһĨâ̫
ǣˣ
̫οЦӦһһ֡
һʥ߼ǿֱ̤ǳݣŤĺڶ֮ڡ
һӹȥһʥ߼ǿȴû۷棬̫ӵɫһ±˼̽顣
̽ˡ͵Ŀռţ
һĨâһ̤Ťĺڶ֮ڡ
һɿֲޱȵĿռ֮ϣͳȥ
̫ӡ̫ǿһۣҲһ⣬ûһڶ֮ڡ
һҫһޱߣǿ硣
ħܣ˵Ǹ߼ԴܡԶħַܵ򵥣
һһ˲ͽ˿̺֮ŵ
Դ֮е籾һЩΪƶĵط֮⣬ֻҪԴܸǵĵطκһǻ飬Ҫӵпһʿϵʵ
籾࣬Դ֮ܵ£һļϡ
֮ǿƣ֮ΪӵкԴ֧֡
Ȼ֮䣬غȻѣһͷ峤ߴףŹ컨ƣɢŰۼֱֲӸ֣ſ˾ջĿֱҧȥ
һɿֲޱȵ֮ǾĿдϯȥ
޴
ǾһָһɫķâǾһ
ǻɫķâ֮£һ΢΢һһĻҽеա
һ˿˿ҫı߳
΢΢һЦ㣬ͽˣ
߾սҲͬش֧ħ֮󣬽ħ֮ϡԴ޸õkָ߳ϵ
ǣϣ
һ񣬱һŵ˺۵İ˼ֱӸ֣һ½ַ֮ϡ
еԲǰ˼֮зɳڵϣγһе
һ˿˿ޱȵǰ˼֮и֣Χɢһ⸽ҲԷ߷һС
ǰַģϣһ߶ֶεַʧ
΢΢һ֮иֳһ˿˿ԭʧ
֮
ַ֮ڣȻһƬɳĮ֮š
ɳĮ֮УȭͷСȥ
Щӵһ˿Ѫÿһֻ溣ǿߡǧƵΪ׵ͷʥָ֮£һۼǿߡ
ЩһɵߣĻҽ
һĲ֮УһγһͷϹɵɢһ˿˿߼ѹ
ЩȻܹγɵ߼治磡
һĻһĨ֮̾ɫ
ʿ֮Уûκγܹӳ߼ҲֻŻᵮǿ֡
̫ˣ
赭дһָһɺڶֱӸ֣һͷγɵһָһͷγɵɡ
ʮ֮һҳɺڶֱ֮ӷɳƮɢ


1420 ֮ĸ
ɱȺϵĳѨһץһֲֻޱȵĴִ˴أ˺ѣڳһ޴ޱȵĳɫʯ顣
һɫĹâ΢΢һǳɫʯͲϵİ룬¶һͬС̫һĿʯ
̫ʯһ̫֮Ϊһ֮󣬾ɵıʯһʯƾܹȫָһ̫ʯһξͲС磬ࡣ
һĨ֮̾ɫһ㣬һ˿˿ռҫֱӽ̫ʯ͵С
ʿ֮У̫ʯıѾȫУҲֻ֮սĴ֮Упܳһ֮ӡ
ҲֻģŻӵ˶ı
Щܹڴ֮ʵҲۣƸȴ֮ϡ
Ǽ˺ʼ𣿡
Ŀ΢΢˸һ˿˿ҫ˴ԭʧ
ַһƣֱɽ塣
һơΰޱȵɽ屻һŨޱȵ֣ɢһĪ⣬ΣޱȵϢ
һɫĹâ΢΢һ̫ӳɽɽ֮£ɽۣ֮ɫ
Ǵ˵֮ΰ߸ַ̫Ÿ̫ĴС̫뵱ĴҲǵkĶܹ֡õkĴУпܳԽΪ
̫ĿҫתŸͷɽȥ
̫Ӹո̤ɽ壬һɿֲޱȵɽ֮ϯ̫ɫ΢΢һ䣬һ¸ֳһŶܣӨӨâ
ǿֲޱȵǹŶһǹŶһ±޹⣬촷ֱʧ
̫Ӵӣһ汦һֻ롢һֱӷɳγһһ硣
ǻɫһĽ촷Ʈɢ
ַǿҵԻٵɽ壬Ҫõɽ֮еĴûô򵥣
֮УĿһĻ˼
̫һľǿߣȫɱʱ档ǵkѾ䣬µַȻɱߡ
ٵɽףҪɽ֮еĴУȴʮѡϾ̫һĿֲǿߣµĽѾkĴΪһ壬ƻɽͻƻС
һԶٴ˵أȼաǻ֮Уһȼŵĳſ֮߳һˣǳ
̫һۣһЦȡһö⣬ɽֱȥ
ɽ֮ӿĴƬڹųϯ
һصӡ֮и֣һ˿˿̵Ĺ⸡֣ɽ֮ӿɢ
ɽ֮ڡ
̫Ŀ˸˼£ԥһᣬһĨʹ֮ɫȡһյͭŵƣȼŵơ
ŵȼգž춯ǹŵ֮ɢһζζ̫ߣγһ͸Ľ硣
ǴƬ̫һ̫ӻ͸ֱӵס
̫Ӵ̤һɽ֮ڡ
̫̤ɽĵʮһѣһòһͷɫһɫµľӴ֮߳ɢ㼶Ŀֲɽȥ
һɱȶԸ̫Ӵǧ򱶵Ŀֲɽ֮ӿֱϯȥ
̫룬ȻǿߡǼȻѾҵ˽ڲط绹ôܵסң
һЦ˫۸ֳصӡɽһָ
һĹâûɽ֮Уâ֮ǿֲޱȵһһɢ
ɽ֮ڣ̫ӵĻһƮһƬë
һƬë̫Ӿ׵Ŀ֮ų֮⣬һûɽ֮С
ɽ΢΢һɽĿֲһһɢ¶ɽȫò
һɽߴͨһŰɣɽµӡɽɽۣһԲصӡԲ֮и֣ɢһɺޱߵѹ
֮ĸɣ֪⣬ǲҾ˳ֽɱˣӵгǱĴڣľ֮УҲһĴڡkˣ᲻еʹ
һޱȵտһۣ΢΢һЦ
԰ף岻ϵĲȻһۼǿߣߵǰҲһֻ΢ǿϰˡ
ǸҶҵľ֡Ҿȥɱоߣ
һʥϢ֮и֣֮Уһһ£ڷ磬ΣԸޱȣȴɢһʥϢľˡ
΢΢һЦ֮ĸ̫λһݴУǵ֮µطƪ־ڱصáԸȥҿԿҷı⣬ѡʮΣ
֮ĸ̫ݴУ֮졣֮⣬ֻ֮սУܹѰҵ׵ݴУͬ־ڱصáһΣҾǷһ顣ֻҪΣҵܼ֮£ҿΪһΣ
֮УҲǿߡߵط֮УҲǸߵĲ֮أ˼㣬Ѱ
󲿷ֵ߶ʹԴѻһʱĥˮʯһ˿˿Ľ
Ҫٽõķž֮սлʤ־һ졣ٴξߵطԼʵķԴʱһ˿˿Ľ
̫Ĵط죬طǶΪ֮
Ȼˣֻܹһսʤ߾ܹǸ̫ĴУ
кâһǰһһһֲޱȵķ籩֮С
֮֯γһֻķ籩֮ɢϢһצ֮ĸݺץȥ
ҵҪķ籩֮ҵ
֮ĸһӡҫһĪ֡
Ϊһ壬γһ񷣬ɵ
룬һɢſֲϢ硣
һһǷ籩֮ȥ
Ƿ籩֮ɵޱȣԦ籩γһƬƬȥ
֮еķжֱӺ顣
ֲޱȵķ籩һеɽ֮н֯պһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
һɽ̺ߵͱֵ߽ನٵ
Ƿ֮ĸʱ֮ڣ޷κε˶Է
̫ӡһۣ΢΢һΣɽ۷Ӷȥ


1421 
ططˣ
һ˿˿΢΢һɽۣһ鴫б飬һĨ֮̾ɫ
棡
̫ӡһǴб֮ǰ棬ʱһһĨ֮ɫ
֮йâ΢΢һһ⣬ɽֱ֮ʧȥ
̫һĨâˣһ鴫б飬λ¿еı뿪˵أⲻܹȾָı
޴ɱȳ̫ˣ
浭һЦָһһɫĹâ̫һһɺڶ̫һ¡
ӡҫ̫һŤһɺڶ֮лҳʧ
ÿ£
һĻӿһ˿˿⣬ҡkѩһ޿ֵĳɽۣ֪Щʮֹϵѡߡ
󵨣㾹Ȼɱҵˣȥ
һĨŭɫһŭһġ
һֲޱȵķ籩彻֯һͷɢſֲķ籩֮̽צһץݺץȥ
֮ĸ֮кâһվ֮Уһ޴̶ֹ
Ŷɱңô͸ȥΪҽ̤ʯɣ
âһһħ֮Ƹ֣һ±仯Ϊһħ֮ƣͷϳһֻ޴ǣòɢһϢĿֲħ
仯ΪħâһȻһȭֱ˺ѷ籩һͷ籩֮ϽǷ籩֮Ӳĺ顣
һʱ֣֮ٶȻ·һ˲һ㣬˷ǰһȭڷ֮ϡ
һɰԾµ֮˲䱬һͽ顣
һֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ǷֱӾУŵk㱾Դ
棬㾹Ȼɱң㾹ȻɱңҼסˣˣһὫʬΣٵһУ
ɺڶ֮ڣŲ֮ɫУһķֽ⡣
һĨ֮ɫʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ絮߻ʮּ֣Ѿֺ֣ȴû뵽Ȼ֮ɾɱ
һĨϧ֮ɫϧﲻǷӡǼе棬ҾͿԽkɱˣ
˷֮ĿǷ绪֮ĸϣҲһĨɭޱȵɱ
֮ĸҲһߣǽɡ㱾Դͻǿ١ܹطܹٵĽ
ɰΪԼĵ·˵һ߾Ǵ֮㹻ߣʵͿԲϵһֱضûƿ
֮ĸȻһЦ棬֮ĸ֯Ų˵ĳԱ֮һɱһΣҾŲ˲Źġ̫ĴУҷϣһѣܺùһˡǿ໥֪ʶͬ
һᣬеɱɢ΢΢һЦãȻˣ֮ĸ뿪˵ءҪһ㴫С
ãͨϵңһѣ֣ûв´ĻkܿͿٴ
֮ĸһӣһͬһɵУһâԭʧ
ܿͿٴô˵kӴޱȵԴֻܹѸٵ
澲վԭأԶһɿֲޱȵѹ˷
ˣ
һ֮ŵһЦĿһ̺ı֮ϡ
¡¡
Թ֮ϵһ̫΢΢һѸٵŤ̮һڵ㣬ԭʧ
˵ʲôôǿ󡣾Ȼסһѵһǿߣ
֮ĸһ޿ռ֮Уʧ̫֮һĨɵ֮ɫ
һ֮ĸû֣ǿӹһ١kܹӦǵk֣һҲԻ䡣
֮ĸ΢΢һҲµһ޼ɵնɱߵķѵǸոմ֮нߣ
һޱȣһ֮Ĺ
ǹ֮һԴ֮УһöӡǸ֣ӴޱȵԴһûӡ֮ڣۣγ˷塣
棬㾹ȻɱңҾԲŹģ
Դ֮߳ѾɺԵԴؿһۣŷ֮ɫе
һɿֲޱȵԴԷΪģ˷ɢȥ
Դ֮еԴǷķʮռԴԴѾɺԣζŵkҪٴκķʮռԴܹٴλһĻᡣ
ǷΪԴعעԴôһk䡣ͱͷķѼʮǼʱ⣬ӡһĴ֮е̤۷塣
ַ֮ڡ
һö̺ıȥһޱȵӡһû꺣֮ڡ
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һ˿˿ŤĻɫϢǿϸ֣Ⱦꡣ
Ǹ̫룡ϣ塢꣬𣬾ҵˣһٴɣΪһ壬Ϊΰĸ̫һ֡
ǹŤĻɫϢϵΧɢȥʴ꺣
̫룬ӡѾ飬Ѿһˣ˾ʵʵȥɣͼ䣬һúõģ
һ꺣֮һɺڶֱӸ֣һУѹһС
ǹޱȵĻɫϢɺڶɣתΪޱȵĻûɺڶ֮ڣΪ֡
ǿߣôĸôôۺ񣿸ҲģҲġ
һĸ̫лһǸɺڶһĨ֮ɫֱӱɺڶһ£ꡢ䡢жֱӱɡ
ʱţת˲š
ַ֮ڣ滺۾һĨ֮ɫҽ죬סһξ鷳ˣӡǲȾҲᱻʴΪ̫ĵߡÿһ߹Ȼ͸ǿ߾ӡ飬ҲȻĺ֡
νףһ֮Уʱ䡢ռ䡢ˡĴΪ׳Ϊߡ߲׵ߣʵԶͬǿߡ
֮֮ۡ˪߶ֱ֮ͻƣ㣬ȣҪףǿϡ


1422 칦
һĨâ磬ס֮Ϊ֮⣬Ȼķţ
ޱߣǿơķҲ廨ţԶԶ֪
һЩһЩ飬ͳһǻ׳ΪԽΨһȻͨطΨһݽ㡣
ڸ̫Ĵ֮УӵΨһݽط
һһ̫ն칦ءϸ̫·طнãӦԴطݳԼط㣬ʼݣ
Լۣӵа˼ܹԵǧ֮ϡֻнأһη츲صɱ֮󣬼ܹԽ㡣
ݿʼ
ʼ칦ƪ
ݿʼ칦ƪһأʱ䣬376죡

Ŀ΢΢һʼеļ칦ƪһء
ʿ硢֮ǿõط֪ʶԼ֮лõĸطʼ˵ĵ·Ϊģʼڵk칦
ʱţʮת˲š
칦ƪأϣ
һһƪǿޱȵطһӿԺ֮С
˫֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡ£·һСͺڶһӡ֮ϣءΣյĸо
Ϣʼڽţһֱʮʮҹֹͣ
طȻĽȣֻҪ֮УҸԴŨĵطſһǧܹ꣬죡
㣬һ˼ǿޱȵߣӡǼʿܼڲϵĽѾԽ˹档
ĻѾ㹻ݳطűſҲԽ졣
üͷ΢΢һ壺ֻǽ֮Ҫûôˣ
죬ÿһĹؿҪͻʮѡֻʱ⣬Ҫ죬Ŀǰȴһ˿ϣ
칦ƪأԤݳɹʱ䣬ޣ
濴칦ƪصݽȣһĨ֮ɫ̫ǿɶΪֶΡغ͵صͻƷţҪɵkĲлܹͻơͻƵİѾء
̫ն칦һطȷʵ죬ǰֹͨطɸ̫֮еĲлꡣ
һ˽̫ն칦һ칦أ̫ܹӴޱȵĲлȾߵӡǣǱȾߵӡΪģٴι̫ӡǣԴﵽĿġ
һ鷲һսıһ۾Ϳ˸̫̫ն칦֮ϵĲãȻһ칦
һĨ֮ɫ̫ն칦ȱݣֻܹ취ȥ칦취칦ءʵڲУҲ취֮սС棬֮սгֵԴͻƿء
֮սУ־Ϊ˱Դ
浱ܹ㣬ҽƳΪ˼أΪ֮ս־ϡ
֮ս֮ʿڵܼͻָЩ߶õıҲϡ
һ㣬ʼַ
һַǸ̫һǿߵı֮һһʥءֻҪɶַĸ죬ܹһ֮еŵ㡣
ֻҪûϵǿǰΧ涼ƾأЩǰĵͳͳѹ
ǣϣ
ѾŶİ˼ս֮Уսˡ̻˷׷ӿͬˮһַ֮ӿȥʼ硣
â΢΢һʧ
ڣһɽ֮С
ָһţһӡӡд򿪣һɫֱӸ֣ޱȵ⡣
ʮ֮һ˿˿â΢΢һ֮иֳһף绪İŮӡ׵İŮ֮ĸ
֮ĸȻһЦ棬þòʲô£
΢΢һЦȾƣ֪ǷԸ⣿
Ⱦưɣɾƣ֮УҲһһơ꣬ɣ
֮ĸȻһЦһɫĹâ֮зɳУһλôԺ֮ڡ
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΢΢һΣһâԭʧ
λƯϷһǧʮһǳ
һ˿˿âҫǵϷһ̤ǣڡ
ŮƵŮ
һǣͿ֮УŮЩŮ϶ɢһ㣬ÿһŮ»ϵǿߡ
һ˿˿ŤĹâ帡֣֮еŮǶ·ûпһ㣬ûκκ䶯
һҪŤ˵ĸֱ֪ټ򵥲ʥϵǿߣһһܹ֮ıһǻĸ֪ͼ䡣
ľˣĸϴ룡
һŴɫƤףƬѩ׼¶⣬ͷϴһɫĻԸУɷȥʮ߰ŮЦӯӯһ
ã
浭һЦľǳķȥ
ػȣһص̨ͤ
̨֮ͤУһˣף绪֮ĸ
һ̨֮ͤУ֮ĸĶ¡
ɾƣ㳢
֮ĸ·Ƕһ㣬΢΢һЦָһ㡣
ǰһ֮Уһâţ֮еһӺȻѿѸٳɳһɫֱſһɢʥâ˱ǡޱȵɾơ
潫ժ£ֱһһ޷ζԼһɢԼ֫ٺ
һ˿˿ů֮꣬һƮƮɵĸо
þƣǺþƣҺȹĵһɾƣ
ãŻ˫ۣԵ̾
ɾƲȹζɾƣҶԸҲЧ˿κһ
һʰ˼ϵȵʿܹһɾƣܹͻ˽ޣþżµȵʡ
ǣɾƶߵҲãȻֻܹһ˿
ܹõı֮٣ɾܹһ˿ãı


1423 
Цɾζ֮ĸɲ֣
֮ĸһ±ҭסˣЩĿ棬оƤֱ˲˼ĵز
ɾƲζףҶߵҲ챦澹ȻһҪ֣֮ĸãѾʼˡ
Ƶҿø̫̫ն칦ǰн
칦
֮ĸ֮һųҫޱȵĹâ΢΢ʧ
߿칦֮ĸһǿУѵһ䱦
ܹõ̫̫ն칦ǰأ֮ĸҪ֮սյս֮УֻҪŪ㹻ϡԴͿһ·׵졣
Щһ˵ǿľ칦ֵǣԶԶɾơ
֮ĸ֮һĨϧЦȻҺӦ㣬һɾƣҪһܹɹɾƣɾƼû֡
жɾƣ
֮ĸܹóģֻһǧ䡣
ЦҿԸ̫ն칦ǰأɾơҪģԲ̫ն칦⴫Ҫһ䡣̫ն칦֮Уи̫벼õĺ֣ͰȥͻпܳΪ̫ĵߣ
ã
֮ĸȻһЦһӣһУֱӽǸеݸ档
ÿһ߶ǻ۳֮ûе̫ն칦֮еأҲ֮ĸϵе̫֮ն칦֮и̫벼õĺ֣ϾͲ֮ĸ
ӹһУ΢΢һɨ¶һ˿֮ɫһָһ̺̫ն칦ǰط֪ʶ۳Ϊˮ֮ĸС
֮ĸһһöˮ̫ն칦֮е֪ʶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
浱ǽ̫ն칦عһ˸̫Ĳл꣬źķ˼ʱ⡣֮ĸֻǽ֪ʶȻʮּ򵥡
֤֮
֮ĸһӣһŽɫƤֱֽӷɳŽɫĹâ֮н֯
ŸɫֱӸ֣ǾŸ֮УɢһɺޱߵĿֲϢ·оŸڲϵ˵һԡ
֮ĸģδ֮ǰԲὫ̫ն칦ڸκˣ򣬾ӡǱ
֮ĸĻո£ǻƽɫƽֱû˵kü֮С
Լ֮֮֮УִԼԵȨܡkҲǿļ֮޽ӽ˵֮еʡ
ܹƽԼ֮֮ȨܵıҲУȴʮϡ١ֱһֻϵǿ߲ŻӵС
֮ĸ΢΢һЦ֮ɣɷ
΢΢ͷʲôطƽĿܡԼ֮֮Ҳ֮֮kǵȨͬбƽĿܡ
ָ֮о׽һЩ
֮ĸ̽һ䣺棬ǴͰɣ
û
֮ĸһۣһЦȻҪҪǾŲˣǾŲ֮һߣǴŮŶ
ʵŲ֮Уǿ㼸죿
֮ĸһᣬ֮йâ䣬һ죡
¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫȻ֮УҪҲʮѡ
֮Уǿơ߲Ҫףͬء󲿷ֵ߶ֻһΪ
֮ĸȻһЦǾŲȻǿֻһ죬֣ǿҲԿ⡣
ÿһǾ޵еǿڡȻʵԶԶǿһǿߡֻҪһǿ㹻࣬ȴҲֿǿߡ
һٿһ¡
֮ĸ΢Ц֮ķѾѾָȫʢ֮УӵߡѾΧɱ㡣֮ͨѾ鲼׾죡
֮УһȹһƿصĽ򡣳ɰǧƿصĽһ졣ڵλþ׾졣
üͷ΢΢һ壺kôָô죿
֮ĸЦȻǵkԼĽ֮޽ԴܳءҲԴܳص֪ʶʲô
֮УͨĻʲô
ߵ֮УͨĻҾԴʯ̺һ˿㱾ԴľʯԴʯҲ졣
֮ĸһһöֻС̺һ˿˿㱾ԴϢԴʯֱӳڵkСkָһһöԴʯͷС
ӹһöԴʯһüͷ΢΢һ塣
һöԴʯһ˿㱾ԴһöԴʯҪָܹһöԴʯҲһЩ
ֻҪһǧöԴʯͿһ۷ǿͻƿ׵ߡ
ӵһǧԴʯʿĿǰܼȫһߡ
ֻԲᶯԼ㱾ԴԴʯһöԴʯҪ޲ֲܹɲĴ¡
֮ĸЦԴʯ֮⣬߼ĻԴܳءһЩ߲ܹĶУһȼԴʯԴ֮ܳ֡⣬֮Ľ
΢΢ͷ֮ĸ
ʮ֮ʮĴ֮ĸ뿪
֮ĸһߣʶ㣬֪ʶԨޱȣҲԶԶ̫ӡĴܹġ
֮ĸӴ֮󣬲̤Ȧӵһ󲽡
ʿ棬֮λ漫֮أǳ걻ѩֵıѩ֮Уһ
һ̤һ֮ڡ
ΰ֮棡
Ǳ֮ڣѾ׵ߵı˹һ֮һĨ֮ɫǰǸˣѹ˹ߡʿ֮УǻŵĴ˵Ҳǹ޵еǿߡ
Ҳ֮£һ׵ߡ
΢΢ףһ̤˱
ǱһޱȵıףǱ֮ڣһˣʯѩ
ս֮桢ʯѩ㶼ˡʯѩ棬˵أֻܹ˯ڱ֮ڣ޸
ûʲôĻʯѩ˯ǧܹˡ˵Դ֮Ǽ֣浱Ҳûʲôõİ취
ڿˣѩ
濴Ǳ֮ޱȵʯѩ¶һЦݣһָһâûǱ֮ڡ


1424 ʯѩ
Ǳ׵Ĺ׸ֱӷߣһֱſɾƻһûʯѩӣ֮ڡ
һɾ֮ʯѩѩ׵֮϶һ˿Ѫɫ
ȻЧ
һĨϲɫһָ
һһʯѩϷ֣ɾƲϵûʯѩӣ֮ڡ
ԭѾûһ˿Ϣ·һһʯѩ֮һ»һ˿˿㲨
ɾֻʣʮŶʱʯѩ۾һߵĿֲϢ֮
磬ҵ˺ˣ
ʯѩȻһЦޱȣһԾʹǱ֮ԾĻС
§ʯѩһϴ֮
ʯѩѩʵ磬ҵܹôáĪѾǰ˵֮еĴ棿
΢΢һЦʼʯѩ˯֮ʱľ
ҵ칦͸̫̫ն칦칦һط
һָһö֪ʶˮȻۣ֮һǿ߷칦ֱӷɳʯѩС
ȥ칦ˣ½ң
ʯѩһһö֪ʶˮͱ칦һ£廯һѩʧ
һĻ΢΢Ц
ʯѩܹ׵ߣҲһˡʵʿ˴ʿʵ۶ˣܴһ֮ӱ׵ߡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ħϼػʿѩػѾûк֮ǣ緢չ
涼ѾػߣֻҪ֮ǿ֣߳κ߽涼ᱻϼɱ
ֻҪʿڵûбƿأڴ֮䣬Ҳʿ
Ȼһڴ֮䣬סԼЯıԼߵǿУʿ֮УҲ˼أ֣ܹ֮ѸٵĻָ۷塣
׾
׾·һƬҰţϢ洦ɼ׺޵ľ硣
һšܵĺɫϢֱϸڰ֮γһɢʥϢİơ
ǰ֮ϣһһĹҡ
һڰ֮ϵĹҹɡ
һİ֮һ޴ޱȵĳлǣһǾ룬Ҳ׾֮ϲн׵ĵط
һǿߡkύһֵܡĴ֣άֻ֮еĽ
һߣ⻪֮޶Ҳᱻֵͬһͬѹ
Ǽʮ֮䣬кü⻪֮£ձѹڸ˾޴Ĵ֮󣬲ŵ뿪
ǻǣϢĳУǿơ
ǻ֮ţǻ֮еǸǿߡЩطѵһʥ⻪֮洦ɼһʮ
ǻ֮У洦ɼ̣Щ֮аڷԸ桢֮еĵر
⻪֮ͨõĻõ㣬ǵ˿ֱͨӽֻתΪõ㣬Ȼʹõй
һ׼λµħʯ֮жһΪһ׼λõ㡣ڻƽ𡢰Ĺһõ㡣
ʿ֮УѾֺüųŽĻƽǳ֮УƽֻǷ˽֮ʹõĻңܶһΪõ㡣
磬ʲôıﶼС
һ·۽磬˻еʦȸĳ
Ǹ֮еĸֻһۣܹųϣûгֹ
Ȼ߻Ҫȥרĵطܹջ񡣡
ǻ֮й죬ʶóһۣŻ߳
ǻ룬һһ칬ľ
һǰվÿһɢŰۼĿֲ
ֹǻֻл뺯ˣΰ߲ܹ롣
һ濿üͷ΢΢һǰֹ
ɨһۣһ˿ѹ֮
ΰߴˣС˲֪ݣе֮ˡ
һɫ䣬ֱӹ£
ÿһ߶Ǵ֮еĴkǾɱۼҲֻǻһ⳥
ۼǿ֮в˵ֻе߼ǿ߲һֵ
ǿոƣʸγƺ
һ紵һһͷɫһòޱȵֱӳ֣΢΢һЦ
浭档
ոһĨâ΢΢һЦԭ¾նɱ˷棬
նɱһ֮󣬵ѣ׼Χɱ档ոǻĴ֮һڶ࣬Ϣ֮ͨ
һ仪ĹޱȵŮǰɢħ裬ֱ͵ոƵǰ
֪ǰһкιɣ
ոһħ裬³һ΢΢һЦ
һҪίй
һħ裬һĿһɹ֮ʣ壬о֮
ոƵʲô
̫뿪̫ն칦
ոɫ䣬ʧе̫ն칦칦
칦ѵõ˼㣬ǻнѾм֮꣬Уֻޱȣ칦
̫һſ칦ֱ졣
浭̫ն칦ֻܹڶءҹ߱뷢ģ̫ն칦ڸˣӡǱ
ոһĨâ棬һԸԴʯ̫ն칦ǰأΣ
΢΢һЦҪҵ̫ն칦ǰҲУһǧԴʯ
ոһĨ֮ɫԥһ£Цðɣɣ
һǧԴʯǻĴֲпóôԴոһ˸òһǧԴʯ
΢΢һЦԴʯ֮⣬Ҳͬ׵칦нܹó칦ҲԽ̫칦óǽ
ҪԼ칦Ҫǿ߿칦
Ǹ̫칦ֻнã칦òÿԷá


1425 ֮
ոһĨâһ֮УĲ칦ɷܹ
ʷ֮УùŲ칦Ų칦Ҳ죬ȴ칦ͬ칦
ǳҲǽһּΪıǿͻƣ졣
Ų칦칦ͬն
浭Ų칦ټԴʯ̫ն칦һεᡣ
ոüͷ΢΢һ壬ּۻҪ̫ˣ
һּۻ֮󣬿ոŲ칦ԴʯΪۣһ̫ն칦ط
ԭˣ칦Ȼ鴫֮ǰ·ˣ
ոһ̫ն칦֪ʶһĨ˷ޱȹâһ̾
˵ûп칦ҪһѶȿȴһ˽׳Ϊߡ
߼ʮѾӳ㣬ǽ֮ȴꡢǧ궼ֻһ졣
ΪѾһ֮жĴڣҪٽһʮѡ
е߶֪֮սһ߽ס֮սޱȣ߶䣬˲򲻵ѣ֮ս
Ϊˣ칦ŻֻҪõһ칦һֻҪռԴķʱ⣬ͿԽһ硣
һ˵ʱֵǮĶһߣӵеڰϣ治㲻
ոһĨм֮ɫ΢΢һЦ棬ҴæһΣ̫ն칦һһüǮ
ոƵõ̫ն칦طԵkյԴԺͿԽ졣
һ˿˿ҰĵĻڿոƵȼգǵkܹ죬һԳΪ֮ƿػǡ
ոֽһᣬӿոޱȵ鱨ȥ
ת˲š
УǼһ칦Ϣ׾֮д
ǾȻҪһ칦˭Ȼ칦
ôܣһ칦˷񣡵˭ôֱʣȻһ칦
̫ն칦ⲿ칦ѵǴ˵֮߸̫뿪칦
֮ǰһԵ˵֮Уߵľһ칦
ģ

׾֮еǶӸ֮д칦Ϣ
ʼһ죬һһߴ˷ۻǡ
С
ˣǰѣ
һ̤뻪Уһһ£ԸоףòΪգͷϳһǵʥŮһĨӯӯ
΢΢ףŰйϯڵķȥ
棬Ȼ㣡
һԹһԴתͷһֻһĵ
Ƿߣÿһ˶ɢ㼶ĿֲĿ棬˶⡣
һĨЦݣ㾹Ȼ˾ʵһ㣡СһΣ
棬Ҫ㣡
һЦȻָλ˾ǵɱҶᱦ档еĸ̫봫е칦Ǳߵģ
칦
칦
棡

֮Уһ߶һĿ⼯ϣ̰֮ɫ
칦Ѿ׾߳ϵ칦Ϊ֮
ɱ˶ᱦ֮ʵƽһЩԴ͹ȫȱ֮⣬߰˳϶ɹɱ˶ᱦ顣
ûҵǴӷж˸̫칦ֵʱ΢һ㡣̫칦أֻأءرá
ǴҪ칦ءأҪ
ǽĿע֮£΢΢һЦ٩٩̸
ĻһһĿһ¼˷ϡ
칦ءضЩ˵ҲмΪĽáЩòţҲ߽
ߵļҲɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨâ
ɫ䣬еѪˣҸûеõ̫칦
Ƴ˷һۣתڲȥҶѾϻ칦أֺα㣿ҵһ
ûУûлø̫칦
ܵһԼѵĻĿ⣬æ
һһֻǣӡ΢΢һЦģôỳ㣿
ǿཻĺѡĵ̫ն칦ǿһоһ£Σ
ոһһûĶУɫһڡ
棬Ҷе̫ն칦ʮȤ㿪۰ɣ
һſһɫǴ̣һֳβͣɢϢߵǰ˫֮һޱȵӡ֣ɢһֹ׵Ĺâ
ǻ֮˵һǿߣ
֮һ׺ݰԵһкϷˣ

ڳ߼һĻ¶һ˿ֻ顣
΢΢һЦһص칦Իȡ̫ն칦صһᡣ
һĨϷ֮ɫһЦûУһԼֵص칦֮ϣԻϲ
ʲô
ǾֻҪ㽫̫ն칦׸ңҾ㲻뿪ǣڣ
һĨ֮ɫһĿֲϢڵk֮
ǸڹҲһĨɱɢһ߼ĿֲϢ
һȺ
¶һЦݣתǹϯڵλȥ
һĨŭɫ΢΢ǿųֵһһ棬㾹ȻҶҳԲѷˣ
أ֮ڣԵһӵйĪټϼߵİҲҰֻܹĿϯ֮ڡ
澹Ȼƻ֮򣬿նɱ˷ϢȻ٣
濴һǿޱȵߣʵֻѾԽһ죡

֮е߿޿ֵƹ¶һ˿âȨ⡣


1426 ǧ߰Դʯ
°ɣ
ϯ֮ɨ˰һۣ
ǣˣ
֮һĨԼССʧӷ֮˳
棬ǵ죬Ȼ̫ն칦֪֪жҪɱ㣿
һЦݣһǹϯ֮ʢ֮ĸһ֮߳Цӯӯһԡ
治ɫȻ֪ȱԴʯֻܹ̫ն칦ˣ
ʿ硢ħ澡ƿ֮У֮еϡԴƿءòĶıֻ̫ն칦Լ۱ȸߡ
֮ĸĿһۣ׷ʣ̸һЩ׾֮еķ顣
λʽʼ
ոֱߵ룬΢΢һЦûκηϻָһһâ΢΢һһ͸ˮֱӸǰ
ˮ棬һɫѩһ˫ͬ챦ʯһ˫ͫȥԼʮ꣬һ¶Ƥ£Ƭѩ׼¶ڿ֮УվСŮ
ոƵһЦһͷѪķˣӵоʣǧ꣬ѾӵеߵΪļۣһԴʯÿμӼ۲һǧԴʯ
һһǧ
һǧ

֮жһ·Ӽ֮ڶ
߼ķ֮ȻҲдѪķȺ֮СǾ嵽׾֮У˵ʮϡ٣Ѫ߼ķʮͷ
һǧӵе߼ΪĴѪ˼ֵǣȻЩߵᡣ
ԴʯӼ۵ʮ֮ӵһ±û
ʮԴʯѾһʾ޴ޱȵĲƸЩѾͻƣİۼǿߣѾʮߡ
Ȼ˵kԼʵҪģ˻Դʯĵߡ
һߺŹϯ֮дոƣͷˣ᲻鷳
һ᳡һƬž
һ֮Ҳһ塣׾֮Уһ󡣿УǷһĴ
ЩǿɲԸЩбķǿߡ
ո΢΢һЦͷǷķˡ֮ʱؼ䵮֣ķһûκιϵ
֮УһʱʱµĽͬµ浮һ㡣
Щ½ʱ򣬾֮ͬʱһᵮ֡˵鼶޶ʱ
ʮ򣡡
õ˿϶Ĵ֮ߺŹϯ֮һ´һ
᳡һƬžû˼ۡ
ʮԴʯһŮūЩ˵һʮݳ޵顣ʮѾߵԤ㡣
ʮ򣡣
ǰ֮дǻ᳡֮лص
һĨâƵʮ棬ͼӡ
ڵİ֮Уһ
ո΢΢һЦû˳ֻۣС˾ˣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ôҲû뵽澹Ȼ˹Ϸֻܹҧ˶ʮԴʯֻС
߿˷һۣжһĨ֮ɫ·ڿһɵӡ
ʮԴʯȥרŵūгȫ򵽼ʮ޾׵߼Ůū
һһûߵꡣ˵Ǹ֮УѾǱ롣ʱЧԣֻܹ֤֮ʮ֮Чڿʼ׼һǧԴʯÿμӼ۲һԴʯ
һǧ

ոƵĻ䣬һļ۸ͽڽǧ֮󣬱һߡ
ꡢˡȸĵرϵĳ֣۽硣Ҳ֣һЩʿûеԼֶ߶ô䡣
Ħʯ֮ľļʮԴʯÿμӼ۲һԴʯ
ոйâһһȭͷСĦʯͳС
ʱǰһһĨ˷֮ɫ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ЩȻʶ֮ˣĦʯļ۸ڽܿͳ˾Űָ߼ۣҲò
׾֮У֮ҲǼΪϡĴڡһ֮Ҳһ֮ѹ׵ĵ֮һ
âһһǧ򣡣
Ǹڳ߶һ³Ĭ
ӵһܼ棬һǧԴʯټԴȫԽǸ֮һͻƵ޵а֮
һǧԴʯҲֻл֮˵ܹõó
ո΢һ£¶һ˿ЦȻûٳۣһĦʯ͹С
֧һǧԴʯ֮ùһĦʯ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һĦʯһ֣µ֮Ҳ֮ܣ
ڣӭǽƷ̫뿪̫ն칦ǰءȱ칦Ҳ׾֮Уһǿ칦ȻֻܹһΣұ뷢Ĳôڸˣһ칦ļֵҲ׾ر
һ칦һεĻļۣŰԴʯÿμӼ۲һԴʯ
֮гһ˿˿ȻǴ֮д
һǧһ򣡡
һǧ򣡡

֮УֻǾֹһ˲䣬᳡ͱֱһ߷׷׿ۣ̫ն칦طȨ
ȱ칦Щ˵ʵ̫󣬾һЩѾǿҲһ칦޲ԼĸԼĵ̣Լл졣
ǧ߰򣡣
ߺŰ֮дһ֮֮һƬž
ǧ߰һ̫ն칦Щ˵̫ˡôԴʯѾߡ
ոһĨâЦȻûٳۣ칦Ȩˣ
̫ն칦۸ҲԶԶոƵԤϣ֪칦˸߰ļ۸һ᲻ϧۣ¡
ϣոһö֪ʶˮߺŰᡣãһĴߺŰ֮뿪İᣬԴʯ
֮ĸ֮ȻһЦ棬һڻ֮д׬׬һ뿪ǣضᱻ׷ɱֻҪ㽫̫ն칦شڸңǾŲԸ㹲ͬˣ㿴Σ
ˣƾkǣҪ׷ңܣ
浭ȻһЦһ»һâӰֱ֮ʧ


1427 ն
ӣô򵥣֣ˣ
滯һǰ֮ʧһĨâһȮžŸӣ˫ͬһһ㣬һ˵
һȮ֮е־űᣬܹᵽߵ겨׷ھ׾졣
һͷű΢΢ͷһޱȵӡǾŸ֮и֡k˫֮һвϵתţһһ
ߣ
Ǿűϵһģһ
ȼ΢΢һΣһâ֮зȥ
һ֮С
һĨɱһͷͬΣͷһֻ۾ȴߵ־֣ˣ
һϳ΢΢ͷĿҫһֻ֮Уи֣ޱȵĹâ
ҵˣ
һ߷һ˻Ƶһ֮зȥ
һ֮߶׷׳ڵķȥ
ǻ֮Ужɭޱȵɱһߵķ׷ȥ
ӵи̫̫ն칦һſ칦߷
磬ΪʲôڻǶ֣ѹϣӵص칦
һصĿռ֮Уһͷϳһֻǵһĵʵ
֮УԵһֽӳĿֲܡټ֣Լֵ̣ǿҲѹ
ʮֲ򵥣̫ĴСǶ־ѹֻҪɱǻһ񣬷װ׵һǱ޵ߣ̫ǡ
һͷϳǵӳĬһᣬ΢΢һ̾ٶ˵ʲô
µһ㣬ǲ֮ӡǲ٣߲һףҪɱһ߼Ϊѡ
ֻ֮ϵǿߣһЩӵ֮пɱһ֮󣬿Խһľ룬ݻһߵӡǡ
Χǿա
棬Ѿ·ӣ
ããǿ֮У˷Լɭɱ
һƬʯ֮ǰâ΢΢һͬڵһµǰ
һԹĶ棬¶֮ɫ
֣ǿҲԿ⣬ǻܡ
һͬһͷֱߴһһĨâ棬̫̫ն칦򣬽֮أһ֮۲ףһķѼʮҲԻָȫʢ
һȺǵ֮أ
΢΢һЦһĨâһ֡
һƬʯһŤģһ±һž޴ޱȵ̫
̫ģʮšڡâ΢΢һʮֲޱȵĹ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӺȥ
壡
ǿֲޱȵһɫ䣬һʱ֮Уʱһŷ
ǴֻĹʱߵ츳ֱ޵еķ

һĨЦݣһ㣬һ˿˿ʱҫߵϡ
һ˲ͱʱⳤ֮ץ˲䱻ǻһеĻɡ
űſһ磬һͭŶǰ֡
ͬһһͣһۼײĸ֣һʮ㣬ɢһŤĹâ
һŹǵһŭһ±ͷ۵̬ϸֳصƬֱ۾ƵԼǰ
һâӡ֣һ鲼ӵkؿڸ֡
Ǹ֮Уǻ鶼һγһ硣
һ֣߸ߴʮ׵һ䶯һֱߴǧĿֲһֲޱȵŤ֮ϻص
Ͽһֲޱȵķ籩֮лơ
ǻڵĹâһ˲ͽɡ
ǳĹâʧ֮󣬷ǰķ籩Ѿʧ°Ҳȫʧ
ɣ
һޱȣɱ֮д漸˲һڷǰһȭڷ֮ϣֱӺ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ڷǱ֮ϣֱɡ
죡
ֻһֵļУͱһֲޱȵɺڶɡ
̫ն칦֮еĹɱط̫ն쵶һһеɣ
һɱ˷һ˲ƣһͬһĴǰһЦ˫һϣۣ֮γһֲޱ쵶һͷֱնȥ
һͷһǿеǻ֮󣬻ۼѾ˾Ų㣬ҲѾʧֻܹҧһ
һ֮γɵ쵶һնǴһϣһ˲ͽͷֱնأһɺڶֱӸ֣Ǵһϣkֱɡ
ڻڵĺ֮£ͬ˵Ĵ߼ûκηϻĵ⣬ĸֱȥ
֣߶ܹܡڵkһߣдˣõkǶʧȥս⡣
ȻˣǾͲҪˣҼȻ壬ǲɱǣǹ֮ǰıݣ
΢΢һЦɱһǰһԭʧ
ַ֮Уſ˫֮иֳ
Ǹַ֮ееĳȡһַעַİ˼֮ڡ
ַ֮еİ˼ͬһţ¶ӡĹܵԪ
һޱȵ˿һ֮Уγһ޴ޱȵķӡ磬Ƭֱӷӡ
űһͷײǷӡ֮ϣǷӡһ˿˿ӲĽkɻ
ҵλ𣿹Ȼ׷ᣡһΣлл㡣ȻҲɱߣ
һھű֣õkͨ
һ¸ھűһȭǾű֮ϣǾűһȭ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǿűֱ˽ȥǾűԴ
űһִĵ棬ǲߡɱһΣҾԲưոݡңǿԽѡҰĵ˾Ƕ㵽κ棬Ӳǵ׷ɱ
һȻӡǲ𣬾Ͳ䡣ǵkһΣҪ¹ҪĺԴ޾ʱ䡣


1428 ɱ
飬ϧŲ㣡
Ŀ䣬һɺڶ֮е֮Ǿű㱾Դ
Ǿűһ˲ûϢ
ͷϳһֻǵһĨâӶս貵ӡһݺݵնǷӡ֮ϡ
¡
һӡһѿһ˿ѷ졣
ǹһĨϲɫһȴɫ䣬ֻһѷһŤֱ
һֲֻޱȵĴִǹߵ֣һƺǹߵ֮ϣǹһƺ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǹֱɣŵk㱾Դ
棬㾹ȻϾɱǾͬھɣ
һĨâƵİӡҫ㱾Դֱӷա
һѪɫĳì֣߱꽻֯ɢëȻĹ֮
һѪɫĳìһ֣һĻɻҡ
ѪɫĳìŤʱգ̺űضеᴩ񷣬ȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ָһţӴޱȵ֮ǰγһʮķ硣
һѪɫĳìһʮķ֮ϣǽֱӹᴩһ´ұ֮С
һε֮Ѫұ۵񷡣
Щһƴȼ㱾ԴĹǼ֡
濴֮е֮Ѫüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫ
ʵΪԶԶ֮ϡףһԷȼ㱾ԴͬҲԶơ
κһ߶һ֮оţԲС
棬ɱһΣҼסˡҾ֮ԲŹģ
ֱߴһǧʮֲƣǿնľ޴Բ֮зһԹһصӡ֣׼Ա
֮ϧľһ
ھ֮仯γɵľ޴Բ·һ޴쵶һնǾ֮ϣǾ֮һնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǿ֮һ¡
һߣԴԴϵ㱾ԴûڣϢڽøӵĿֲ
ˣ
kǰȥΧɱ棬Ȼˣ
ôܣ
ǿ

ЩΧǼһĻһĿɿڴԼ۾
֣ȫԻһǿߡkƴȼ㱾ԴشɱһǿһΡ
߾Ȼȫɱһֱŵ˼㡣
֮Уһ˿˿ҫһͷ峤ߴʰɫΧһɫ֮ľ͹̤նǸֱַ̫ײȥ
ǻ֮˵֮
򣬻֮˾Ȼ֮Ҫնɱ棡
ӵǧ߰ԴʯټϵkЯı޷õ̫ն칦ҲԻþ޴ĲƸ
ûֻҪܹɱ棬ӵk֮ϣҲԻøֺۼݳ칦ĺۼ

ЩΧ۵һĨâ
߶ǼɱĿֲڡֻҪ治Ը⣬޷ӵkеõ̫ն칦һ칦
ֻҪɱ棬ܹ֮ϻ칦ۼĪĺô֮⣬ǧ߰ԴʯҲΪ֮
ǿ
һһͷŸַ̫ȥĻһĨ֮ɫ
ǻһ֮Ҽ˺üߵ߶kǻǰҲᱻͷֱӼ̤ײˡ
΢΢һΣǻǰʧ
ͷŻϢǸַ̫ݺײȥǻǰݻһַҲһʮɵ顣
Աϵͳ
ǻ򼴽ײǸַ̫ǰʱַ֮Уеâ΢΢һһַĺġ
¡
Ǹַ̫һ˲ֱԱǿֲޱȵıըһͷֱӾ˽ȥ
ǻǿֲޱȵıը֮Уһķ顣
ǻ֮УȦâҫߴǿֲޱȵıը֮зɳ
棬㾹Ȼһһ֮˵֮һ֮㲻죬ݣ
һУѾһĻֱɰƴСû˵kСkǵѺ۵ĻһۣһĨʹ֮ɫĵ棬г޾ɱŭĺе
ɨ˹һۣһĨɭޱȵɱȻҵľɣ
棬̵ģֻǸ壬ǸѾ١㻹ʲôǻ֮ΪУֻҪ㽻̫̫ն칦ǻ֮ԳΪѣȡΪΣ
һĨԹĹâɫã¶һЦݵ
ĴĿ΢΢˸ҲһḬ֮̃ɫ
ص̫ն칦Ѿǧ߰Դʯ̫ն칦֪ܹԴʯ
֮ǵõ̫ն칦ȫͬһδεشԴ
Ȼǻҵľͳͳȥˣ
һĨâ֮Ӵޱȵ֮ӿ˫һϣʩչ̫ն칦֮мŵطһ޴ޱȵ쵶Ż֮֮һһ£ԸޱȵŮֱնȥ
֮УŮߵʵΪС
һŮ߻Ůɫ䣬һ¸ֳһ»γɵĻ䡣
һſǻ֮и֣һ쵶֮ǰǻ֮棬ţһγһǿޱȵķ硣
쵶ն£һС
һſֱըѿ֮еҲһ֮£ͳͳƥĵޱȵϢǻŮնȥ
棬
һĨŭɫֳһֻ޴ͭǶܣһ³ڻŮǰٶһ
һ쵶նͭǶ֮ϣһֲޱȵħֱӸ֣ſǾݵѪںݺݵһҧһ޴쵶֮ϡ
꣡
ħһҧ£ֱӱ쵶նأһ쵶Ҳkһҧһ롣
һ߳ƵֱӸ֣ף쵶֮ǰ
쵶дնǹ֮ϣģһ±ʧ
һӰ΢΢һһ۵ʮֹĳ۴һĨɫĹâնȥ
һͬһ޴飬ȴžŶâһһŤޱȵĹâֱӺȥ


1429 ɹ
֮ӿγһ󽣣һǣն۵֮ϣ۵ֱɡ
һޱȵĹâһ´ϣᴩĻ磬ͷ­һʹ֮е֮һҡ
һӡ֣һ޴ɺڶ֣ɫ֮һ֮һ˿˿ĺ롢ɣһɾʹʧ
һ˿Ӱ΢΢һһ³֮⡣
߼ǿ߹Ȼ֡һһkǶҵĶ֣֡ȴЩ֡
濴Źߣüͷ΢΢һ塣
һһŮһѾնɱ֣ȴһС
ʵǿ£
̫ն칦һ칦澹Ȼܹһ壬սߡֱ죡
ϧϾ˵ˣ̫٣һΣˣ

һϧĿ⼯ϣһЩߵȴâȴųֵʱ
֣ɱͱأƽ֣
â֮廷һһĻȦһǴ˳Ŀֲ޹ֳ֣һ޴ޱȵһȥ
֮һӡ֣һ֮ʱɢŵĻ֮໥֯գӡȥڡδȥ
ŮĿһۣ֮һĨɭޱȵɱ֮ӿγһŴ󹭡
һֻʸǴ֮и֣һһ»֮Ǽʸ֮ʢ
Ǽʸһ֣о״ʢ֪һֻʸӵвĿֲ
߳Ƶֳһ󸫣һն
۵һ˲ƳϷһӣһĨӰնȥ
ͬ޴һа۹âһһޱȵаȥ
Ҳգǵҵ칦
һĨâһ´߶칦ڶء
һޱȵӡ֮⸡֣ӡۣγһӡ֮ס
΢΢һΣڹǰһ֮һֲޱȵоͽֱӾС
飡
һŭ𣬻ӶǾ޴һ䣬ֱӽ顣
һ˲䣬ѾԾڻŮǰ
ͬһ΢΢һΣ˻ŮǰĹ׸֣ſǿޱȵķ硣
һͬһȻֻһΪǵkķڻ֮пƵһ
ڹǣᣡһ£칦̵Σ
кâһϵӡȻɳγһʮļ̣һǹ֮ϡ
ͬһһЦгţҪ̴ҵķʮɣ
Ǽһ´ڹ֮ϣӲĹᴩǹףһͬһߵ֮ϡ
ôôܣҵĹǣǿҪƣҲֻܹľҵô
ߵһ±øɱſ־֮ɫҽš
̫ķȻһݻˣ
ǿĹ
칦Դ칦ǿ
̫Ĺ׿Էǿ߹ھȻһݻ٣ֱ̫ˣ

ЩΧ۵һĨ֮ɫ
̫Ȼֻһһߣǵkķ׾֮пǰʮĿֲڡǿ߾ȻһлƷֱƿֲ
һĨϧ֮ɫһϧ̫áסʱ֮ڣ޷õڶΣ
һɱطǻ֮һҲΪһΣҲĴ֮
һ˲䣬ǹаϣͷʹѡ
һնϣնĻ磬նѳ޴ޱȵ˿ڣһεѪϵ񷡣
濴ǻŮһۣ΢΢һЦĶ֣ң
֮һ֣һѩ֮и֣Խʱռ䣬һ˻Ůϡ
ѩӡ֣ǻŮֱӶΪһ޴ı顣
һ˼֮и֣һڡĹֱӺ˲ڻŮϣǻŮͬһͬ촷ۡ
ʯѩߴһսףŹߡаֱɱ
kȻߣ
ҪϾɱ
棬úݵˣ
Ϊ˷ɱ׷ߡ
ǶηúݵֶΣ

Щһʯѩ֣жӿһ˿⡣
ʯѩ߼ǿڷʱ֣Բ档
ΪоֶѾþŴŻ֮˳֣Ҫһɱ档
һ˶սĴѾ·硣ǻŮ͵ϮɱѾȫת
âһߡ߾ͬķȥ
һ˾Ѿ߿⣬ټʯѩȫԽɱڴ˵ء
˶ߣ򣡣
кâһţӡҫһɺڶһ¡
ӡҫŹ֮
飡
âһһŭ𣬻ӶŻһɺڶ֮ϡ
һҫɺڶֱӱһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
ʯѩһѩ֮֮УһѩǱ֮зɳһڹ֮ϡ
һ㺮˪ڹ֮и֣ʴꡣ
ŭһ֮Ǻ˪ֱ顣
һ֮ޡֱӳڹͷ­֮ϣǹͷ­顣
ǹͷ­һ飬Ӵޱȵ֮֯Ѹٵγһµͷ­
һսоΣ
ɺڶһ˲ʧһֱӹᴩ˹ࡣӡǳ֮ϸ֣Ź㱾Դ
һɱ㣡棬һΣˣ
һԹĵһۣһЦ
ʮ֮䣬ֱӻҽʧ
նɱ˹֮źâ֮пȥĿ֮е߶ӡ
Щԭ汧жǸϢģ֡
Ȼսļ󡣿㡢ʯѩػҲ֪Ŷٺ֡Щǿɲǰ
һ㣬öԴʯ֣Ӵޱȵ㱾ԴԴʯ֮ӿûڣָĵ֮ÿʱÿڻָ


1430 
һСʱ֮Ѿָȫʢ֮ʱһЦ˫ġ
һŤĹâ΢΢һ֮һеҪֱӸ֡
Ǽսսͬˮһӿ֡
ŵһŵƣ
öеս
Щս֪Ρ˵ӵвߵĿֲ

ЩǿĻеҪǼս˼սˣжһ
ӴޱȵĻеһ֪ǡЩս˵ȻЩߵĶ֣һӵϣҲסЩһʱ䡣
һЩ߱סһʱ䣬ͿԳûնɱ
΢΢һΣһ³һҾ޴սϷ
Ӵޱȵսâ΢΢һͳǼսԶȥ
Ƿ򣡣
ѵҪϾɱ򣿡
úֶΣѾɱΣֻѾһգǷʱ򡣡
ɶһ⿴Ҫ̵ˣ

ЩΧ۵жһĨû֮ɫ
ɱΣkк֣ҲһԪˡkطʱԴΪ״̬һ⡣
߶Ѿһ⣬ȴû뵽˹ϣȻ֡
һڲһ֮ڡ
һ˿˿â΢΢һһӡǸ֣ûһǶöԴʯ֮ڡ
âԴʯ֮ڸ֣ˮγ˷塣
棡ҾԲŹģ
һĨâĺţһͨ߼ѹӵk֮
Ǹ۳ԴܳѾûԴʱҲֻܹͨߵ취ٴ۳֮
ߣƿֻҪ֮йʮ꣬Ƿ֮еĸԴܹٴ̤
Χǿգһ˿˿ҫһֻӴޱȵĽȻ֡
һ˺Ѳ񷣬˷Χһſǳ֮ϡ
¡¡¡
һ춯صıը֮УǷΧһſǳֱըѿʯ׹֮ڡ

һпǷϷһ˿˿ҫ֮߳ŷ
棬޴Ȼǿҵķ֮أ
Ƿ֮У˷
һޱȵӡҫǷһ¿ѣһߴ·ýʯƶɵֱӸ֡
ػǽˣ㲻࣬ǣ
㲻࣬ӻһ壡

֮˵֮и֣һ˵֮ӿ
֮Уǻ嶼һ̹µ£ʼ
ԴԴϵûһ˵ڡ
âһһ˿˿켶Ŀֲ̤նУһȭ
һ裬鴩ŷս׵ǿ֮зȥ֮зɳսɱһ
ǵĵƣ̫ˣҲԣѾɱΣһգʲôʸһս
һĨâһЦָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣һһ½˾С
ӡ֣һ֮˵֮ϣŵkıԴ
Ҳɺڶ֮зÿһȭһŶлصĿֲȴȻ޷˺Ǿ޴ĺڶ
Щŷս׵ǿƽսʥߵİ˼ս˹֮£ͬвһ㱻ɱš
ĵֿǿǰֱһ
ɶұնɱΣ֮УԲҵĶ֣
һĨʣ΢΢һΣһ⣬ԭʧ
һ˷򣬽Ҫ㣬ͱڷ֮ǧٱΪ֮ƣֻ򣬵kһ·
ӣô򵥣
꺣֮Ǵ˰ӡ΢΢һ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬廯һǴֱӷȥ
ȥ
һۼɫսף׵ŮǿٶȰǿ֮£Ӷһսֱն
ǻΧɺڶ΢΢һͽŮǿ߾ڶ֮ڡ
һ֮һۼŮǿ߾ͻҳƮɢ
Ǵ֮ڣһ׽˺ĹֱӺ
Ǵ̡׶ȸֹͬˮһ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ݻΪһһеĿֲڶһɿֲޱȵ֮·һ
ǿ߶ɺڶֱɣûУ˲䱻ɱԴҳƮɢ
ɺڶ֮еһǻҳƮɢ
ߣkߣ
ֻ߲ܹԿߣ
ô֣

Ƿǿ߼һĻֱӱǿ˷ȥΪС
ֻ߲ܹߣ֮УѾǳʶ
֮µĴڣ߼޻֮˵߶ʮѡ
ҵˣ
׵Ǵ֮е磬̽צһץһצץ֮У֮еķһץС
棬֪ˣһҲҿԵūͣΪһὫ֮еıͳͳ׸㡣һ֪ʮصĵص㣬һҿԽЩ׸㣡
ץУһĨ־;֮ɫ޹İ
ˣ˵һУҶԼȥãҲʵһ£ܹܲɱһߣ
кâһһץ˷ڣֱ֮ӱԷ̽Ѱŵkӡǵڡ
ҵˣ
۾һǷ֮УԷΪ㣬ڷ֮еӡǣһɺޱȵֱ֮ӱӲĽһöӡһĴӷڳ
еӡǣһĨ֮ɫҪٵҵӡǣ
һЦָһ󣬿ֲ֮һǷӡ顣
һɿֲޱȵ֮ӡǱ

һޱȵĲҽ֮У˫һʧȥֱ꣬䡣
׾֮Уһž޴ޱȵǳ׹䣬ƬѪǻӿһ޴ıˡ
ǷԼ֮Уһһըѡ
ͽһ˲ʧȥͬʱһ˺ѷεĸоӿͷõkǶ֪Ѿ䡣


1431 
ˣ
ˣ
ô
kڷ֮бնɱӡҲ飬ˣ

׾֮еǿ֮иֳһĨ֮ɫ
Ϊµһ㣬ɱκһֻҪӡûб٣ͿԲϵ
ЩԼ֮еߣǿԵԼս
Ϊˣ׾֮ѾʮûˡھȻһ䣬һ׾֮Ȼ󲨡
֮ĸǸֳ֮һĨ֮ɫȻˣ棬̫ǿˣ
֮ĸ棬û߻С
׾ˣô
һ֮ڣѾٴɫһ±ʮѿ
Ůŷ֮е֮һĨ־֮ɫˣòҪһǿǵĽ򣬽һɱɣ
һǴ֮һͭĴ֮ǰ
Ƿı⣬ûɣ˭Ҳڣ
֮ͭǰһ߼ͭѣ˫ɭޱȵɱĶ棬ֱӻӶһսնȥ
ûĵ߼ر治磡
浭һЦָһһµͭս֮ϡ
һɿֲޱȵǵ߼ֱͭɡ
һӡȻɳĲ֮ͭϣûͭ࣬ʼʴͭ
ˣ
ʮ֮ͭ˫֮кһϥڵϣ湧
ţ
ǣˣ
ͭһ֣ͭŴһֱӴ򿪣¶һ޴ޱȵı⡣
Ƿı⣬ԴȫƳ߼ءϧ߼֮սУò󣡡
ɨǱһۣһĨϧ֮ɫ
Ǳ֮ȷʵӵϡԴʿѾĵرƳϵ߼ء
ǳͬħƿһ棬Ľ֮Уһ߼ظ޷ػһ
һĨâ֮Уһһ档ϧһվȲһ档ռݵһ棬kΣҲ׵ĽǸ׷ɱk
һ߶ǽԼӡԼ֮ڣԼ֮ڣkǾͼ޵еĴڣ׾پܹһֱѹһǿߡ
ԼĴ󲿷߶ǽԼӡǼһ֮ڣһȻȽ׽㣬ȴҲñȽɱ
֮УҲֻǿߣŻǰ棬ȡ棬Щ֮н㡣
һ˿˿ҫһ³ߣһ֮еԴĿƵϣ
Ͼ֮еһӵޱȵĵرҲӵҪ
΢΢һЦãıʹá
ȻһЦһ·ɳϸߣǱ֮еĸĵرͳͳ֮ڡ
һе˿֮Уγһ޴ޱȵļӡ
Ȼˣǲ磬㲻֪ǧܹһΡ
濴Ѿʼ㣬΢΢һ¶һЦݡ
ҲԽˣ
գӡҫһɺޱߵϢֱ˷ɢȥ
֮һƬڣӴޱȵԴһӿ
ƷڹһֲĹһûڡ
ҽأԴʯɣ
Դʯ֮зɳӴޱȵ㱾ԴԴʯ֮ӿûڡ
Χǿ֮Уһſǳ֮ⱻһޱȵķһޱȵĹûڡ
ͻƣ
Ƿ򣡣
棬ѵѾͻƣﵽ죡

׾֮Уһ߿ŷ֮гֵ֮ɫ
׾֮УǿߣѾǿߡһ죬ͻ̤׾ͷ֮С
ĶżʡĽ֮ɫ죡ɶ̫ն칦Ҫҵģͻˣ
Ů֮иֵ֮һĨ֮ɫ죬Ľٶôô죿ˣɰ塣˴㱾ԴֽӡɣŽ֮죡ҾȻǵ˿ֲĵˣô죿
֮ĸ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫ죡̫ն칦ǰϧõ칦ˣң
һ˿˿Ƿ΢΢һ̫߼Ŀֲڵķ׹䡣
Ȼ֮У˲ϣ죡
󵨣Ȼǣ
ʯѩ̤֮֮кâһʩչԴ칦ѩ칦
һޱȵıѩֱӸ֣һѩǱѩ֮
Ǳѩ֮еһжΪ顣
һԶ̫ͨǧĿֲ̫Ǳѩһգ涼ֱӶᣬһž޴ı֮С
ʯѩ̫ǣƵһ˲䣬֮һ˿˿ҫһŤڰ֮еӰֱӸ֡
һųŤڰϢħֱӸ֣Ťγһֻħһǹ֮еֱȥ
磡
ʯѩ֮һĨ־壬ʧеһתһֻħȥ
ֻʯѩķӦȻ쵽˼㣬ȴҲѾһ
Ǳ֮ǰһֻħѾ䵽ǹ֮ϡ
ʥĽֱӸ֣໥γһ޴ޱȵķ硣
һֻħǷ֮ϣ׾ٵĹᴩǸ硣
һܽ׵Ļըѿֻлеĵӹһ١
ߵܣʥҲԿ⡣ߵ޵е
ɱңϧһ
һǹ֮дһֱֻһץסһֻħֲޱɺڶֱӸ֣ħֱɡ
棬׳ɹˣ
ߣ
׳ɹˣ

һֲޱȵ֮дݡ
һŤģںڰ֮еӰ΢΢һΣһȥ
ȻˣǾͳͳһΰɣ
ǹ֮߳ͬһ޵еħһʱ֮УĶա


1432 նɱ
һֲޱȵʱһ΢΢һΣԭʧ
һɲ֮䣬ͳһŤĺӰǰһȭŤĺӰֱӺȥ
ӡҫһŤĺӰȻγһһеĿֲڶ
һİ֮ɺڶ֮и֣ŻһСһеǺӰϯȥ
һɫĹ⸡֣һŹڰʿ縡֡
Ϣһγһֲޱȵķ硣
һȭǸ۵֮ڣһǸ顣
ڰʿһдڶֱӱ飬촷ۣƮɢ
һ˲䣬һɫĹâȻ𣬰ĹԶȥ
һЦһֱָӸ֣һ´һɫĹâ֮ϡ
صӡ֮ϸ֣һɫâ΢΢Ťγһ°ΣȴǾ֣žŸĹ
棬㲻ܹɱңǺ˵֮һ֮ҪɱңǺ˾ԲŹģ
ǳžŸĹ֮ŸһĨ֮ɫغ
ˣų׾ǿĵһǿߺ۾֮УˣҲҪ
Ŀ䣬ָһϣһɿֲޱȵھ۵֮ϣǾֱһ󱬡
ӡ֣Ǿ۵㱾Դ
ʮ֮Ǿ۵㱾Դͱֱɣҽ
һ
кâһԶһۣһģʧ
Զһͷȼ̫֮ף峤ǧ˫ĳȮɢ߼ĿֲϢȥ
֮ǰһͷȮƶһ̫Ƿײȥ
ʯѩ֣̫һǿ̫ײͻͿ̿Ϊһֵ磬ٷ֮ʮϵǻ
磬һǿޱȡޱȡͬҲΣޱȵ硣һ֮УûߵػΪֳأǻߵս֮С
Щû澧ڡĤػ֮еҲԶԶȲһ־ܿһߡ
һ˿˿ҫ֮еĿռֱӸ֣һǧʥռһſһ絲ͷȮ֮ǰ
ǣ
Ȯݺݵײǿռ֮ϣһԵסߵĿռһ±һǧʥռ׻֮϶һ޴Ѻۡ
ɣ
ȮһĨâſһ磬һֲޱȵӵkĿһǧʥռһ
֮£һǧʥռſķ綼ֱӵȼһŻ򣬱ճɻңĵоƬճɻҽ
Ȯݻһǧʥռ֮һĨ֮ɫǰȥ
֮УʥʿǿԶ档һߵ˵ЩʥʿǿҲмһǧʥʿ䣬һҲеʹ
Ȯոշɳһǧʥռٴγ֣ſ磬Ȯǰ
ϣȥ
ȮŭˣֱһͷǷײ飬ſһ磬һһǧʥռһ
֮һǧʥռ׶˲ճɻҡ
ȻɱҵĲ£ǺôĹ
һ֮д滺Ĵ̤֮ĿȮ
Ȯһ棬ʱ΢΢һʧе棬㲻ȥ׷ɱ֮ô
֮Ѿɱһˣ
Ŀ䣬ǰһָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣ȮֱӾȥ
ˣң
ͷȮһĨ־壬е
Ȯľ֮䣬һɫֱӸ֡
ɫĹâ֮֯иֳһ𷢱ۣĻԸУһɫۣɢϢˡ
λѣkŷȵĳ֪ʲôطĵkһһȥúýѵkһ١һӡ
ŷ΢΢һ¶һ߰Цݣֺ
һ˿˿ԶԶĿֲϢŷȵkһģһɫĹâûһ֮Уһʣɺڶһ顣
һɺڶ֮ŷȵҲ΢΢Щģ
ǿߣ
濴ŷһۣüͷ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
죬졢졢ʵһ츲صĽ
׾֮УǿҲ졣ߣڸߵϾס
һǿһ˽һǿߵĽҲᱻǿѹһǿ߽һǿ߽ȴԽǿɱ
һǿߣ׾֮м޵еĴڡ׾֮епܻһǿߡ
ͷȮһĻ΢һһĨϷ֮ɫk׾֮кֱײ֪˶ٻ˺üߡ
ֻҪȮŷЩǶֻܹҵŷȡ
ǿߣȻɱңǾҪеʧܵķաȥɣ
һĨâһȭŷֱӺȥ
ô󵨣ȻҶҳ֣
ŷ־ŭصӡ֣ɫĹâۣγһɫĴ󽣣ŤĹâ
һͶӰҲҵ·
âһȭһɫĴ֮ϣɫĴһȭ顣
һ޴ɺڶֱӸ֣ŷһŷֱ˽ȥֲޱȵ֮һŷȵϣ
㾹ȻҶҳ֣Ҽסˣ׾棬ˣҾŹģ
ŷȵͶӰɺڶһ˲䣬һԹ֮
ôһ㣬ӵͶӰǲܹųȥģ
кâһɷ򷢶һ˰ӡ֣֮ߣֱӸ֡
ҵˣ
ʩչɰ壬֮֮һץһɺڶֱӸ֣ݻΪһѪڣ֮ߺݺһҧ
һޱȹһ֮ڣһ𷢱ۣ׵ľɫˣŷȡkʱ˫ۣӡҫ칦
һֻޱȵѪںȻͻأĳ֮ڣſһҧݺݵҧŷȵ֮ϣkһ˺ѳһ޴Ѫ⣬ŵk㱾Դ
棡
ŷһ˫ۣкâһɨָһ㣬Ѫ֮ϣһɫĹâըѣѪֱ÷顣


1433 㳼
һǸѪڣŷȽ΢΢һֱһѪڵ֮ڣ޴ķ֮ʹͣ˵ϡ
棬ҾԲŹ㣡
ŷ̱ڵϣһ˺ѷεĺ֮
ŷȱĹؼʱڱ湥ȳַĹȴҲ߻ħ״̬Ǿ޴ķ֮Уˣܵһ˿Դ֮ˡ
治ǿߣҵĹֻȡôһ˿㱾Դ
üͷ΢΢һһһɫ˿ߡһɫ˿߾ɰ幥ŷȽȡһ˿㱾Դ
棬㾹Ȼҹŷȴˣˣŷȴ˿ľǿߡĸŷܣͷ֮һľǿߡ㾹ȻҶŷȴ˳֣ˣûܹȵ㣡
ģһŷȴ飬һֻɱһΡһŷȴ˷ŭӡǶеһͳͳᱻŷȴ˴ݻ٣
һͷȮһĨɫݺݵв
㣬һΰɣ
΢΢һΣһͷȮǰĿָһţһ޴ɺڶֱӸ֣ȮֱӾȥ
棬ͬھɣ
һͷȮһĨâʮ˿̫ڵk֮и֣һŤģ֮ͼԱ
ƾ㣬Ҳͬھֱзӡǵ֮ͬھɣ
һЦһģȮǰ˫ִȮڣһ˺ֱӽȮ˺롣
֮ɺڶ֮и֣ȮһȮ㱾Դȫɵһɶ
ŷڵĹһ֮ڣһԴ֮ܳУһӡǸ֣Դ֮ܳеҺγȮ
ˣ
Ȯҧгݣ΢΢һΣԭʧ
ǹһŸϡֲĻ԰֮Уһһɫʿۣ绪׵ľɫˣŷȡ
ˣˣұ׾ɱˣҪΪұ𰡣
ԭ峤ߴǧ岻һȮʱѾһֻɫëȥʮֿɰĽëȮ˵ŷȵĽ£ĥŷȵȣ߼޵ķ緶
ţҸ˵ʱ䲻Ҫ鷳ھ͸ҹȥħǧ꣡
ŷ֮һĨâһźݺݵͷȮϡ
ˣˣҲȥħ֪ˣˣһɣ
ȮһĨ֮ɫһ±ƣһɫĶѨڵk£kֱ£⴫ʧ
棬ȡ
ŷĿ
ǣϣ
һɫŵβһɫףӨĸԸУɢһӢʵľɫŮʮͻأĳ֣ϥŷǰ
ŷ֮һĨâȥ׾۲һΪߣ£лɱûлᣬռ鱨ҡ
ǣϣ
ϸֳһ˿˿ɫֱӴԭʧ
ŷ֮һĨɱһһ棬һָ֮󣬾ڣ
׾
һɵļ֮ǰָһţһɱ㱾ԴûǼ֮ڡ
һһ¸ֳӡ缢ƿʵ㱾Դ
꣡
һ֮Уһֱ飬Ǽֱ֮߳ɢſֲޱȵϢ
лϴ㱾Դҵʵٽһ
㵥ϥǰ
΢΢һЦȻѾϣôǿԽһˣ
ǣ
ڣһâҫһֻһֻӴǷ֮зɳγһֲֻޱȵĽӺʧǿ֮С
ȪΧǿա
һ˿˿ҫһֲֻޱȵĽԼ֮и֡
ӴޱȵĽ֮ϵǼսâһһͬһ㣬ȪΧǳȥ
Ȫ֮УһſǳǼսĺ֮£һſըѿȪ֮׹䡣
ǳΪһΧ֮һֳʶһַ֮Žз
ȴݻһΧǿգٽһ򣬲ǿһͳ
棬㾹ȻҽȪ򣡣ѵҪҺ֮Һ֮ӵߴߣɱ˷Ǻ֮Ȼߣȫͬھ
ű֮и֣վȪ֮У棬г˼ɵ֮ɫ
߾ȫһһȼӡǺ㱾ԴַӳǿвҲᱻشܵϵıԴ֮ˡ
ɱ㣡Ǻֻ֮ʣˣңгģͺ֮ˡ֮߿δԸͬ
温žűᣬһĨϷ֮ɫһЦ
űɫһ±ʮѿ
Χ֮УֻоűᡢһǺ֮ǿߡ
߶ǰĿֲڣԼΪء
֮ûвΧɱ߾Բűkǹͬˣֿһ˿ֲĵˡ
űǣңΪЧ򣬽ڣ֮أ
ͬһȪϷһſǳݻ٣ꡣ
ɵģûܹҳȪҲԲ
ű˫֮һĨ׺֮ɫ췢һŭХ
űȪkӡǾȪ֮ڣһȪ򣬽ΪͻԴkطþҲҽ죬һȪ֮гֽ󣬵kӡǾͻᱻȪ֡
ΪˣǼӡǵ桢򣬶ЩǲɷĴڡ
ͲһȪȪΪ᣿
治㲻ЩӡǼһ֮еͬˣһ𣬵kҲ䡣
űʱɫ䣬Ŀ˸
浭ɣ֮ԣΪЧꡣ֮Ҿͻɣ
ã
űȨҧʼٻ֮ΪЧ
ϣ
֮󣬾ű΢΢һΣߣһĨ֮ɫ
ȥһط
ӴޱȵĽһתһǿ֮зȥ
֮ڵƽȻҪˣһƽȥ
űǿӴĽн򣬿Цһ£ӿһ˿˿˷֮ɫ


1434 ֮
ƽΧǿ֮С
һ˿˿ҫӴޱȵǼʽֱӸ֡
ǼʽӸֵһ˲䣬ƽ֮⣬һſǳҫ໥γһ޴ޱȵķ硣
Ǽʽ֮սâһһڹ˺Ѳ񷣬һ޴ޱȵķ֮ϡ
һ˿˿ǿս֮ϸ֣סǼսڵĺ
ֽ磬Ҳ뵲ҵ·ƣ
кâһʩչ̫ն칦֮мŵطۣ֮֯γһ޴ޱȵ쵶ǿսֱնȥ
Ǿ޴ޱȵ쵶ŻһеϢһɲ֮նǾ޴ǿս֮ϡ
ǿսͬһ㱻쵶նѿһſǳ쵶һն飬ըѿ
һ޷ϵĿֲӳǿս֮ϡ
ĹǿֲޱȵĿ֮ûǿս֮ڡ
һһǳǹĺ֮б飬ʯ׹·Ľ֮С
棬Ͼɱ𣿡
һâƽϷۣγһ峤ǧ֮ͶӰ
温֮Ŀ䣬֮ң򣬽ļգ
űǴվһ̾ѣɣֻҪԸⷢΪЧ꣬Ͼͻһ֮ɡҲò֣
ɨ˾űһۣĬ˾űǵĻ
ֻ֮һǿߣĶ֡kƸۣȼӡԼԼһз춯أǿҲΪ֮ݡ
ûбҪٻ߽߱ȵҪȼӡԼһе״̬
ɵģԶ᳼κˣ棬ɱһε飬ҿԲƽϡҽҵƽ򣬾ȼҵ㱾ԴҲҪͬھ
֮һĨâݺݵв
Ŀ亮ȥ֣
֮֮кâǰ˼սֱӸ֣Ѿϵġڡâ΢΢һ
һֲޱȵĻǡڡ֮кƽһǳֱӺȥ
һ޴ޱȵǳ֮Уһ˿˿ڹҫӴޱȵγһͷ֮ǡ
ΰ֮ػƽΨһסԸΪһӻǣ
ƽ֮Уǿ߶ڵϣϡ
ΰ֮ƽΨһףػǣ

ƽ֮ڣһǿǶ׷׹ڵϣһ̳š
֮һûһͷ֮ǵ֮ڡ
һͷ֮һĿֲϢ̽צ֮һڵĹֱһץ
΢΢һһĨϷ֮ɫ
һͷ֮ǵһצ˺Ѳ񷣬ץһ֮ϡ
˲˼һĻˣһͷƽһ֮ǣǿֲޱȵĻ֮£һĻҽ
ǻһǳ֮ϣǳ֮иֳһһ飬ǳǶһֱĨȥ
һſֲޱȸǷԲĢȽȽ𣬿ֲޱȵĳ˷ϯȥ
ƽ֮УɽѣضɽҡҽӿХһƬĩյľ
ӴޱȵǼʽ֮һںƽ֮УЩľۼֱӺȥ
ڹâµĵطһбǹֱĨȥǳ֮еǿҲ˲䡣
һ֮еǿһ㣬ǿԵ֮ǻǿ
ǽ֮еǻǽܹ
Ŀ䣬·ǳ
űվ󣬱亹ֱúݵֶΣҳȪֻ»ıkֻΪɱң
űΪֻвkԲ׵Ļһ򡣿ǿȪͬһĳʱ΢΢һ˿־塣
Щ֮߳߼ÿһ̤ʬɽѪǿߵʬǵǶ۷Ŀֲڡÿһ˵־ӲΪ˴ﵽĿģһҲ
棬㾹ȻɱһǿߣҸƴˣ
ǳ֮Уһ춯صŭ֮һ峤ߴ·һ֮е֮һȼе㱾Դ˺Ѳ񷣬ڵ콢һצֱץȥ
ã
űɫ䣬һ¸ֳһؽ磬ȥ
һǧʥֱӸ֣ſһǿޱȵķ磬ǰ
һֻצһצǷ֮ϣ׾ٵĽǷ˺飬˳ƺϡ
Ǿצľһ֮Уֱӱ飬촷ʧ
ˣôô򵥣
ǳ֮У֮һıŲ֮ɫ
㻹᲻ȼӡǣһشң̫ˣ
һ˿˿ҫ֮һĨϷ֮ɫһצ֮Ѿʼ֮ڡ
ץˣ
Ӵޱȵ֮ɷ˰˫سָ֮֮£֮Ϊ㣬һ˵kƽ֮еӡǣһץһ˿˿ĽӡǴ֮ץ
ҪҪɱңԸ⳼ԸΪΪΪЧ꣬ʮ꣡
֮һһöӡǣʱӿһ˿˿־壬ּе
ˣ
һЦһ󣬽֮ӡֱ飬һɿֲޱȵ֮һ֮ӡ֮ڣ֮顣
һ˿˿գǿӡǡ
ܹ֮֮죬һҪԭݻٹüߵӡǣɵkӡ֮
һž޴ޱȵǳ׾֮䣬Ѫգﱯˣ֮һ¿ѡ
ˣ֮ˣ
һˣ
棬ɵģɱһߣ
ǿ£֮ԼĽ֮ڣȻǱɱˣ
ô

׾ǼһĻһĨ⡣
׾֮Уʮϡٵ顣䣬Ƿëǡ׾֮Уֻڰǰ֮սʱ򣬲䡣
ճУ׾Ƕ⡣
ӽƽҵ֮һûеõҵԴߣ
һץ֮ŵıֱץУգɱ
Щƽɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫĬ


1435 ׾һǿ
ƽ֮һ޴Ľḻʿ֮ǰԴӷḻ
ƽ֮УҲҪԴЩǶ֮ɱʱǰѹһ
һ仰סЩǣЩ˭ҲһڣkڵĽ
һ仰֮һֱֻӽפƽ򣬿ʼռԴѹҡ
ӴޱȵĽӹâһûգķȥ
֮ΰ£Ը⳼£ΪЧ꣬¿ˡ֮ǰңΪЧ
ӴޱȵĽӸոԾͬһֻδ֮ѾӴޱȵĽ֮ǰһ
֮赭дУ֮ʮԼסĴʮֹѡ˳
浭ãİɣ
ǣϣ
֮Ҳֱٻ֮ԣΪЧꡣ
ߵΪλ㣬֮У治㲻֮У㲻
֮еһҲ㣬Ǳֻ߳𣬷ЩϲȻһ졣
ͨĳޱȣǶ˵޾֮һССƬΰˡ
֮Դӽ֮Ѿһǧ꣬Եk˵ʲô
ãǼ
ӴޱȵǼʽһķȥ
֮ǰŷǰȥΧһ𣬷ֱǾűǡ֮֮֮֮
űǡ֮ų֮󣬱֮֮Ҳʮֹϣѡ񳼷棬ΪЧꡣ
ȻǸʾ֮ȣΪЧҲǲܵ顣
űǵĴȻһǿߣǵkǼӪ֮һ׾֮Ϊһǿޱȵˡ
黨
һ˿˿â΢΢һӴޱȵĽһԾ黨֮⡣
һ̺ŻĹâ黨ΧǿǳֱӺȥ
һſǳâҫһʻſ໥֯γһ޴ʻ硣
һһʻ֮ϣʱһ
һ˿˿âҫ¹⽻֮֯۳ŮͶӰ
£֮ǰð֮ˡҿ⳥Դʯ̧֣һΣ
Ůվսǰһ
Ŀ䣬ŮңΪЧ꣬
Ů֮һĨŭɫ˳֮С
棬ôĿȻұһ֮˵ߡҪ׾֮ս𣿡
һ֮д̤֮ڵkŵΧߡ
߿棬жһĨɵ֮ɫ
֮УkǵĽҲߡ
űǡ֮֮֮Ĵ߶泼ҪΪЧꡣ
Ƹֻ꣬죬ֶΣ߶Ϊ֮壬ʮֺôֲĵˡkǼȻĴУֻܹŹżȥ
ãɱһΡʱȥǵĽ֮У͸ýˡ
Ŀ絶ڹߵһӶ¶һ˿ɭޱȵɱ⡣
һĨâչһ۴ˣҪ׾֮սֹ
֮УһɫϢҫ
һޱȵĺڰ֮ų֮У޾ĺڰϢӺڰ֮ӿһֻޱȵĺ޾ĺڰ֮۳͡
һֻһ۳ͣһֱӸ֣Ǻ۵··Ǹ۵һ㣬Ǻڰ֮߳
Ǻ󣬸ߣһһǰȥɱľ֮
۴ˣ
׾һǿߺ۴ˣ
۴˼Ȼ˵أһξˣ

Ȼ֮˵һĨϲ֮ɫ
׾һǿߣİkѾǧ꣬ŲսҴľ
֮뵽˺۳֡
һ֣ǰһź˵ߴߡߴ֮Уǿߣʵֱ졣
֮һߣټϺ֮еߴߣߵ֮ѾԶԶ֮ϡ
űǡ֮֮֮Ĵ߼һĻжӹһ˿֮ɫǵkѾ֮ҪΪЧΥԵĴ̫󣬴ʱkѾˡ
ۻɫħ⻷ƣ棬ƻ׾ĺƽ֮սһɱҺ˵ľ֮ô
棬̫ն칦׸ǺˣǺ˿ԽΪ˵һӣΪ˵ĸ
֮һĨԹ֮ɫȴȻǿѹеԹ΢΢һЦ
һ֮˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬һκ˳֣ΪֹΪ̫ն칦һſֲޱȵ칦
ô̵ʱ֮ڣѾ졣ֽٶȣѾ׾ߵע⡣
׾е߶е̫ն칦ߣֻǸû˸Ҷ֡
Ҳֻк׾һǿ߲Ż԰֮˵Ϊڣ淢ѣҪȡе̫ն칦
ɣǺ˵ͳͳɱ⣬Ͳˣ㿴ôۣ
кâһ֮ӿʩչ̫ն칦һ쵶ֱӸ֣֮ݻΪһնһУݻһе쵶ž֮նȥ
ң۴ˣ
֮ʱһΣ֣ɫ䣬ĺе
棬ϣɲֹһӵ칦
һĨâ֮ӿԼļ׵֮гһ飬ɢһŤħ
֮ħ
׾֮Уƻǿħ
⡾ħ׾֮µ֮ۼȻ֮ɱˣ

ǻ֮˵ǼһĻһĨ˷֮ɫ
һӡħǳħ֮ϣһֱſһֲޱȵĽâֱն֮ݻΪһֲֻޱȵ䣬Ǿ֮ǰ
ǿޱȵ쵶նͷϣֱըѿͷһͬ顣


1436 նɱ
棬ҵġħ֮Уӡűնɱľߡ㽫Ϊҡħ֮бӡĵʮߣ
Ȼӵв֮һӡͻĳ֮СҲûʲô𡣡
е̫ն칦򣬽㱻ӡӣ
ֳ֡ħֱָ棬ɭޱȵɱ
ӵмֲĲԡ۱ɱٴΣֻҪӡûбƣͻ᲻ϵ
֮Уǿƣ콾ꡣҲ˶ߵطΪµľǶߵķӡ
һЩ߱ӡӡͻĳ֮Уӡͻһֱߡ
ӡЩߣȻٽЩͳεĽͻʮɡ
ԷӡʱԱҲԲԸⱻӡ
ƾҲӡңǲ
кâһţһ̤һ쵶ٴθ֣źֱնȥ
ڤ粻飡֣ɱkǣ
һĨâӶеġħսһš
һ֮ޡ֮и֣ݺݵĳǾ֮ͷ­֮ϣֲޱȵǾ֮ԴֱӺ顣
һӡǸֱ֣һ֮ĲŵkԴ
֮߳¸ʮʥͽ
ʮʥͽɢſֲޱȵѹȻ𣬻ʮ⣬˵սһš
ʮʥͽκһһһǺ˵߶֣ǵkʮ֣໥໥ӲĵסǺ˵ߡ
űҧԮϣȻӵƣϣסkǡȵնɱۣǾܹʤ
֮ȼҲֻܹҧʩչֹɱط֮˵ɱһ
˼սҲսţǣǻ֮ߵľŵkǵ
Щ˼սǰȻһЩ˼ս˵ĹȻߵĻƵЩǺķkǴݻ١
űǵĴ߱л֮ߣ˼ս˵֮£ǿάһơ
Ҳûмսֳֻ֮֡ޡվ֮УͬһŮһ㸩ķѹһС
Ǿ֮Ѿе㱾Դҽ
kô֣
ѵ滹

Щ֮еǿȻվ֮УһһĨ֮ɫ
׾֮У߶ϣ֮Уߡ
ܣЩǾͻһӵϣ˺Ƭ
վ֮Уһסеߣõkǲ
kս
Щеܱȫݻٵʱ򣬾֮ʱ
ȥֻܵ棡

Щ֮У·еԱһ㾲ǱȴԵĻᡣ
űǵĴʵԶڻ֮֮¡˼ս˶ǻ֮״ݻ١
ЩǾڵȴžűĴ߱˲䡣
ս֮Уһ޴ޱȵ쵶һħնÿһνնῪѡ
һѷ֮и֡
ۣȻǿʸʶҿ칦
˫֮һĨޱȵս⣬֮ӿӡ֣γһս׸֮ϡ
һ̤һȭһɺڶȭ֮𣬻һСһУֲ˼㡣
칦
˫֮иֳޱȵӡһеġħһͷֱӷɳſһ޴֮ܣǰ
¡
һ춯صľֱ֮ӱһֱ֮ӱ顣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǡħ֮һ顣
һͷһͷֱӷɳʩչ츳һȭͷȥ
һɺڶһУֲޱȵֱ飬ɡ
˳һȭں۵ġħ֮ϡ
һŤĺɫ֮Ƥǡħ֮ϸ֣һճҺ帡֣жȥ߳ɵ
ֱӱһȭɳ֮ңɫ΢΢һףһĨ֮ɫⲻ̫ն칦Դ·칦ôܣôô̵ʱ֮ڣԴǿ칦
̫ն칦һ칦ǿޱȡһ칦Ϊϸ̫·칦Էӳһ칦
Լ·칦֮󣬼ֱţԶͨ칦
һѾǧ׾һǿߣھȻѹƣõkг𺧡
ûۣȥˣ
кâһһ¸ֳصӡʩչ칦һȭһȭźۺȥ
ǱԣȷʵѾˣս棬һΣҪ㣡
ۻָƽɭޱȵɱӶеġħһһӰ֣ʩչַ˼Ĺɱطȥ
˫ȭӡ֣һӰ飬˳ɵkǵԽսԽǿȻ޷նɱ
Ǻ۱ϾһǿߣϱÿΣͷͻĳһзסĹס档
һߣűǵĴڹǿߵΧ֮£Ҳϴˣ֮ʼ½
ۣ㲻׾һǿߣСˣʶһҵĿף
кâһȵ
һӡǰֱӸ֣һ˲ͱ仯Ϊһ׸ȫġס
ǡס֮Уӡҫһɿֲ׵ûڡ
̣
кâһӡ֣֮γһ޴ޱȵļ̣һ⣬ź۴ȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һеġħֱֻ
䡢׻롢˵߼ֱӸ֣ʩչַɱֱӺȥ
һ֮£ӡǺ۵ǿط
Ǿ޴ޱȵļ˺Ѳ񷣬һᴩ߼ķһ´ǡħ֮ϡ
һŤĺɫ֮Ƥǡħ֮ϸ֣һճҺ帡֡
Ǽһ¹ᴩɫ֮Ƥǡħһأ˳ƴ˺۵ڡ
ֲޱȵ֮һ±ź۵㱾Դ
ôܣôŸոս죬ôǿ󣿡
һ·һ˺ѷεĺ֮֮е㱾Դֱӱ룬һҽУҳƮɢ
ǡħһѣӡľһ·ɳͼߡ
ͳͳΪҽɣ
ָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣Ǿֱɣŵkǵ㱾Դ


1437 
ǾŴ߱ӡڡħ֮в֪꣬ǡħʴ֮£Ѿ־ңߵȴֵסĹһ±ɣʮ֮󣬾ͻҽʧ
һеǡס֮ӿסǡħǡħֱɣʼա
ǡסƶԼ·֮Ҳӵһԣǿ֮нɵ֮Խ࣬ͻԽǿ
۰ˣ
۾Ȼɱˣ
ǡħҲˣ
䣬ͳΪ׾µĵһǿߣ
ôôǿ󣿡

ЩΧ۵һĿɿڴԼ۾
֮ĸ֮һĨâг𺧣ǿԭ澹Ȼǿز׾Ǽͷ֣˭Ķ֣
һģͬ˲һ㣬ڹǰָһ㣬һָ˹ü֮ڡ
ǡס֮˿߸ֱ֣Ӳƣγһ飬ֱӷӡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺۵ķӡȻԸߣ÷ӡһЩ
򱻵kӡˣ
ô죿

ǻ֮˵༸߿ǹֱӷӡӿһ˿˿⡣
һ۵һ˲ȥƾֹڵk֮ϡ
һ֮ޡһ۵ߵͷ­֮ϣ۵ͷ­ֱӳ顣
һ˲Ƴ۵ǰһָڵkĲ֮ϣһе֮˿˿˿ĲߵĲ֮ϣkֱӷӡΪһ顣
ԭkһֱûг֣Ϊ˷ֹߣ
úݶֶΣ
뽫һ𣿡

Щڲͬռ֮еǼһĻж΢΢һ
˻֮򡢺֯ߣǽߵ߷ӡ̲˵ܹһԾΪ׾ǿ
ˣһŮԸ⳼ΪЧ꣬
Ů΢΢ɫ䣬ʮֹϵ
ӵ޾Ůɲڴ˵ءһkӡ֪һᴳ黨򣬽kֱɱ
һǧ꣬ΪЧһǧ꣬ͳͳȥ
һ˲ƳһʥͽŵһһߵıϣһƽԴ飬е˿߲ߵ֮ϣֱӷӡΪһ顣
棬ˣȻɱǣôǾ͸ͬھ
һͷ­һĨâһ¸ֳӡϢڹȼԼ㱾Դ
һЦԱһ㣡
һ֮ޡ֮и֣ݺһͷͷ­֮ϣͷͷ­ֱӺ顣
һе˿ߴ֮ӿͷֱӲƣӡΪһ顣
һ˲ƣں˵һͬһһצǽߵͷ­е˿߸֣ǽֱӷӡ
棬Ҫɱ㣡
һ׵âһһһ̺޾սì˺ȥ

һЦָһţһâǵķֱӸ֡
սìâǵķ֮ϣһʧ
һʥͽֳһֱ׵֣߱һ׵նѿ
һʥͽֳһֻì˳ƴߵڣɢӡ֮⡣
ǡ֮ޡݺݵĳߵͷϣͷ­ֱӺ顣
е˿ߴ֮и֣һһĽ߲ƣӡΪһ顣
һ֣Ǻ˵߾ͱֱӷӡ𣬻֧š
Ը⳼£ΪЧһ
һĿ࣬òͷϳһֻǣɢһаϢһ¹ǰ
㾹Ȼ¹ߵǶˣ桭
Ǻ֮һ峤ߴһֻ۵ľ߸ոտڣʮʥͽһ˵kĻ硣
һ֮ޡ֮зɳݺݵĳǶ۾˵Ķ֮ϣǶ۾˵ĶֱӺ顣
һ˲Ƴͷ۾˵ϷһǶ۾˵ͷ­֮ϣֲޱȵǶ۾˵Դֱ顣
е˿ֱӸ֣ĲǶ۾˵֮ϣkӡΪһ顣
̫Ը⳼£ΪЧ
ζԸ⳼£ΪЧ
ǻ֮д߼һĻб˵ֿе
ˣ
ӽ׾֮еĵһǿ߾棡һˣҲǵkˡ
߳ټĸµѾߴʮ𣡣

ЩΧ۵жһĨâ
һս֮׾ľƶ˷츲صı仯
߳棬kǵԴҲΪãøӵǿ

ڻŮٻ֮з֮󡣱Ӫ֮УӴޱȵǼսû֮С
ǹͳεĽ
֮һ˿˿ҫ֮⣬һֻӴޱȵǼʽֱӸ֡
ϣΪĴٵ·
һ񹧹
浭ã
һ̤֮Уһָ֮ӿһͷһͷǳ֮֮и֣Χǿֱӹȥ
¡¡
һ춯صľ֮УΧǿһſǳ飬ʯ䵽֮ϡ
Ϯ
֮Уɳǿߣ׾ٵһ
ǺĿ֮£ֱӽ
һ㣬һ֮Уӡʧֱӽ⿪ӡ
һ΢΢һһγ˹Ρ
ȥɣ
кâһһצڣɷ˰巢Źӡǡ
棬ס֣ҿԳҿԡ
һĨ֮ɫһ˺ѷεĺ֮
Ҿ㻹˱ȽϺã
Ŀ䣬ΪӲĴӹڣһöӡǣֱ顣

ӡǱһ˲䣬һʧȥ
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ź顣
ǳ䡢Ѫաﱯˣ׾֮Уһ¸ֳ
ˣ
һǿˣ
ǿ£˾Ȼ棡
׾֮УֻҲû˸ΪУ

׾֮УЩǿ֮иֳɫ


1438 ׾
ڳİ˴߿ӡǱ鱻ɵһĻж΢΢һ
׾֮Уһ˵ǿߡ׾֮каԵѾмꡣ
ǿߣҲԹּɵ㲻߾ȻڵkǵǰkǼĳ
űǱ亹ֱ£ҵͶֻҲΪˣ
һץһֻû֮У֮еļץУȥһ򣡣
һ޾ֵĽ
£Ը⳼һ
һͷ­ĿڵӡǱһĳſ־֮ɫе
Ŀ䣬һߵӡǣŵk顣
ǳ䡢Ѫաﱯˣ׾֮Уһ¸ֳ
һˣ
棬úݵֶΣ

׾֮Щǿ֮гֵһĨ֮ɫ
ڰ۽һ乬֮ڡ
棬ȻɱҵѣҸ㲻ݣ
ۿ֮иֵ־ŭŷŭޱȵĻ棬
ֲޱȵħǹ֮зڣһ˵ͷ­ըѿڹ֮еŮһ¹ڵϣɪɪ
֪Ͳ
й֮󣬺۵һĨ⡣
ʵǿᣬȻӵ̫ն칦һ칦׾Ȩնûж֡
ֻкΪԼʵѹ棬ȴû뵽ֱɱkӡߵĺҲȡͬ˵Ҳӡ˺üʧء
׾֮ǿ֮һǾһսȴѾ䵽һһС

Ҫ棬Ҫɱң󡭡
һ׵һ֣ӡǱӵkֱڳһץ顣
ǳ䡢Ѫաﱯˣ׾֮Уһ¸ֳе߶֪һ䡣
ŮȰ˴߼һĻ΢΢һݣ¡ǵkǼÿ죬ֻ´ʱ֮УҲkǵӰ
һߵ飬Ǽʽһֱ뿪˰Զȥ
棬ǷԴ˵Դ֮ϣܹһ𣡡
һһɫۣһͷںڳĻԸУ׵ľŮ֮߳ĿֲϢ콢֮ǰ
Դ֮룡
콢֮ϣһ֣콢ļװ֮ϣͳһΣϰ˸ħơ
Դ֮΢΢һЦ̤նУһĨ磬һ¡
Դ֮ȻһЦ棬ǰǺҹΪ˵͡kԸ⸶ĴֹۣͣսҪغ֮еľ֮׺֮
ЦЦĿ˷Դ֮һ۵ҲӦǷԴǲҪһͬΪУ
Դ֮΢΢һ֮ӹһĨ֮ɫһȻ棬ҷԴֻУǰ⡣ûΪе˼Ը⣬ǷԴҲԲΪС
ʱ׾ѾУ׾֮պաǷԴ֮Ե޹˴УԴֻ¾ͻ߽⣬ڡ
Դ֮ȻǷԴ˵ǵk֮ߵĿȴԶԶȲ档
һ仰űǡŮ߾ͱΪսףҪkԴ֮Ҫ֮е֣߳ҪŵôkС
Դ֮һ棬Ҫһ䣡ںڰ۽֮УܹӳĿֲսܹܺˣҲḶʹޱȵĴۡ
Ŀ΢΢һ죡
졢졢󾳽ɱΣսԶԶ澳֮ϡ
һᣬһĨâն֮׺֮ҪkǵҲС۱֧㹻⳥Ҿͽ˲дҲɱռݵkǵĽȻڰ۽򷢶ܹkֻǽܹ֮ӳֻҪ㹻ĴۣȫԽkɱ
ߵӡ֮ڣ̺ߵ飬ǿǱ㱾ԴӸߵȼϡ
ÿһߵ飬Ȼ칦ӡǾܹǿһ֡
˳նɱߵĻᣬȻ׷Ź
һۣ׾춼˸ŭ档ûǿפصһû߸ǱӶᣬɱ
֮׺֮ߵ飬ȻܷŹ
Դ֮΢΢ͷ˫ۡ
ڰ۽
棬ɱҵѡȻҪ⳥ʧʲôʧ
Ǻڰ۽֮УԼĹ֮ڣŭ𣬿ֲޱȵħڵk֮ӿ
ħɨ֮£֮еһ˲֧飬ǹһ˼ɾ˼
㱨겻棬һ죬һɱ㣡
һĨâҧгݺһᣬһȻ֮ϣһĨκͿ־֮ɫ
Ѿ׾˴ߣټµʮʥͽ㡢ʯѩһǿޱȵǿҲѹ
ڰ۽֮ƴɵ¼ߣֻึһ۰ˡ߱ϾǿڲĿֲڡǵkһУǾ䣬ٲ
ȻƴһսȫԽڰ۽ٵʲôòҲȨɱ۵һҪԭ
ӴޱȵǼս֮ϡ
Դ֮˫ۣ֮һĨ֮ɫͬ
һĨ֮ɫָһһöˮ˷Դ֮С
Դ֮һһöˮʱһĿһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ
ڰ۽
ȻôϡԴҪҵĲƸͿ𣿸棡Ҹ㲻죡
ۿ洫⳥嵥һĨŭ֮ɫС
պۻǿͬǸޱȵ⳥˺Դ档
ҪԴ̫࣬۵ıҲԼ⸶ĴϡԴ֮⣬ۻÿ⸶ʮԴʯ⳥Ϊһꡣ
֮׺֮ǱֱɱҲֱɡ
һֻֻǼʽǰЩߵĽռһ
׾ǶĿһ߽ռݣҳᡣ


1439 Ӱ
һԴ֮ܳڣ滺˫ۣصӡ˫֮и֣һĿֲϢ֮л
칦أݽ38%Ԥʱ䣬ޣ
濴ǸݽȣһĨ֮ɫ칦˽չȻ칦Ϊοܹõҵ칦
ŮжӵһЩ칦Ĳƪ۸⳥һ칦ԼƵ칦
Ǹϰ֮£칦űݵ38%Ȼ;ֹȥ
һĨâܹĸ֪Լǿ󣺡ҵʵոսʱǿһأ֪ܷǿ߿⣿
һ˿˿΢΢ҫһ´ԭʧ
֮λ棬һ޴ޱȵľʵ֮ڡ
һâ΢΢һ֮߳
ϣϽ֪кηԸ
һӰ΢΢һӰһ޵Ӱ֮߳һ
΢΢һЦҪ㣬㣡Ը⣿
Ӱ֮һĨ˷ܺͼĹâȻϴҽ㣡
һ˿˿΢΢һӰһ߼ֱӸ֡
һ֣һĦʯԼ֮лĵرһûǸ߼֮ڡ
Ӱһ΢΢һΣһûǸ߼֮ڣʼ߼صĽ
ʱţת˲š
һֱߴһǧĻ룬һصӡ֣ɢһ˿˿Ϣ
ˣ
âһһ֣ԴʯֱӷɳӴޱȵֱ֮ӿûǸ֮ڡ
һޱȵӡԴ֮£һ˲۳͡
ʿ緽Բ֮ڣһֲޱȵ籩޾ǲ֮λ档
һſֲޱȵǲ֮λϷۣҪףݻһͼı
ÿֲ籩
˽𣿡
ԣΰĵھʿʵ۱Ƴ֮
棬ֵһ֮

ʿ֮еһʥϵǿ߼һĻжһĨ˷֮ɫ
Ƴһ֮ԽԽǿԽԽˣߣߣ
һоԺ֮Уħ֮֮еһĨ֮ɫħ֮ʿ֮У֮һˡ
Ϊߵʱ򣬵ҲԶԶȲħ֮
ϧ֮һˣվֻ֮µĴڣƳ֮ħ֮ҲֻܹĽĿƳһһ֮гʧ䡣
һִֻӲ֮λ֮Ƭֱһץһţ·ľ޴ʵ֮ڡ
ָһһ۶ɵ飬ûӰĻ֮ڣӰĻգΪkԴ
ǰ˼ػſһӰƮǴһɫ׵Ӱǰ˼֮߳ϴЦݣԡ
л֮
ӰȻһЦһڣһ±ס棬˼һøǿϣ˼ҸԴɣ
Ӱ㣬Ѿ㣬һӦҡϣԴҵϡһҽ㣬ͻǿĶƣ
ǼȻһЦ֮и֣һ±סһֱۣӰԵ
΢Цˣҵ㹻ԴǼ㣡
ʱеԴѾǼҲ㡣ڽʱûмĦʯľǼ׾ͻʮѡ
һӰǼŰ
ھʿʳ۹оԺڡ
һâ΢΢һһʵ֮ڣʵ֮һˣħ֮
ħ֮ĵϡ֮ͣ棬ʲô£
浭һЦħ֮벻㣿
㣡
ħ֮еһȫȥȻ֮ɫĶ棬Ҫҽ㣿
ҿ԰֮н㡣ӡҪĽ֮УҷһΪЧ
΢΢һЦӡǵףһһħ֮
Ŀǰ֪üӡǵĵطͬʿһ档ĶΪֲǿǿĶ棬Ҳᱻһһǿɱ
ͬʿĶ棬ߵĽܼϢϢءɹ֮ǰʿڵֻܹ졣
˹֮ʿ֮е߽Ѿʲô⡣
ħ֮ɫ粻ô˵һҽİѣĳӣһûޣһӰţ
΢ЦûԿһ£ȫǿ֮ĸkҲҵıѡ֮С
ħ֮òðɣҾͳɽΪЧˣ
һ˿˿ҫԭʧ
֮λһеı֮С
һ˿˿ҫڱ󷽵һԱߡ
ǺԱһԷޣɢ۵Ϣ֮򸾡
£
֮һ棬һ
֮Ը㣬ΪЧ
浭һЦ
֮һᣬҡͷܾ£ƽԸǸҵӣһͬıϣȻȥǰ㣬ضҪΪսҿƽʮֱǸ޷Ϊս
û£ѡ񡣡
һĨź֮ɫһ˿˿ҫԭʧ
֮ĻУ֮һĨȻԲ磬Ϊң޷Ϊߡ
֮΢΢һЦ§뻳л䣬ûʲôϧģұ޴־ֻΪ˸ߵһƽԸܹһͬȹҸÿһ졣ҲͣЪս
һĨϧ֮ɫϧʯѩŵkǸոս׵ߣҪ㣬ҪһʱһΣֻħ֮ΪЧ
߿ɲ˭ܹ׵Ĵڡʿ֮УҲֻлĸ֮ħ֮޵аĵӵнǱ
ĸ޵а߶Ǳȳ棬ʿ֮УkǲòΪЧǰ磬kǾͻзѵĿܡ
ʿ֮пεĵҲֻħ֮֮ʯѩԼոս׵ߵټȡ⡣
ѩŵkǽ׵ߵʱ̫̣̲ӵгԴ֧֣ҪҲܡ


1440 ħ֮
۽һ޴ޱȵĹ㳡룬һ˿˿ҫħ֮֮߳ǹ㳡롣
ǹ㳡룬һ޴ޱȵķ
ǷΧžʿ
ǹ㳡֮УǶԴʯɢһ˿˿㼶
ǿ԰ַ߽治硣
ħ֮ǾʿԼɢ㼶زӡ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʼɣ
ħ֮΢΢ͷһǹ㳡ķ档
һָһâû뷨֮С
һâһһޱȵӡ֣Դʯ֮еԭֱӳȡ
֮΢΢ɫĹâۣγһƬɫĺɢǿޱȵ֮
ħ֮һ·ɫĺ֮УſһɫԴԴϵڡ
ɫĲʧħ֮ϢԽԽǿԽԽֲ
ָһһ̺˲ġ֮һ̺ʱ䲨ġʱ䱦ʯֱӷɳûħ֮ڡ
Ҫߣͱʱ塢ռ塢塢˰ذ塣ʱ塢˰Ϊ£Բ
֮УС֮ʱ䱦ʯûв֮½㡣ַʽߣֱӲذࡣ
ħֻ֮㣬Ӵ˿ԴƽޣƳ֮򣬾ԵkľʣҪʱ塿˰塿Ҳأܡ
ǡ֮ʱ䱦ʯһûħ֮ڣ۽Ϊ֮һ֮ڹһƬֲޱȵУһûħ֮ڡ
һӡǴħ֮ڸ֣ûǾ۽֮ڡ
һǳ׾֮ȽȽ
һµߵˣ
£ֶһߣ
kӵôȫߣ

׾֮Уһ߿һȽȽǳжŸޱȵɫ
Ǿ۽򣡣ɶ棬
ۿһȽȽǳ˫֮һһĨŭޱȵĻ棬ֲħǹ֮вϷڡ
Ȼͣսÿǿһ֣۶ʹһ֮֡Կڶʱ֮ǲڻ֮򡢺˵ʬ֮ϡ
ǻ˵أҲ˲ƴ֣һ֣ħ֮㡣
ħ֮˫ۣ˫֮ųһ˿˿â¶һ˿Ц⣺ߵǿ󣡣ȫǲͬεĴڣ
ħ֮һֱۣӸˣӽ쿪ʼҾҪʼµоϣûʲô£Ҫҡ
ã
һЦһ֣ԭʧ
ħ֮һо͵˲šݰ˼ءǾżضҪħ֮İ
˵ħ֮֮󣬼ֵͶİ߼ֵҪ޴
֮һµħֱ֮ӳΪħ֮ϢҲ׾졣
׾ĸ˸ָı±ҵڣ̲kǵĽ
ʵȷʵҪ˻ᣬ̲һԼΧֻ׾ʶ࣬ҲûжֵĽڡ
ҲħΪħ֮ܲ
Щռһ֮УԴḻҲΪ
ħ֮ܲħʹڡ
ΰ£Ҵ뺯£
һһͷɫĻԸУò׵ľŮǻʹ֮ڣȻһЦһŽɫ뺯ĵݸ档
浭֪ˣûʲô£°ɣ
һϷŮǷԴ֮еһ߼ľŮֻҪһ仰Ϳáȴû¡
ǣ£
һϷŮ֮ӹһĨʧ֮ɫȥ
֮ٿľͷ֮ᡣ׾ľͷμӣһЩҪ˽һ£ۻȥ
һŽɫ뺯г
׾֮нֻ൱һ֮أ͵ȵ֮һ
ܹ׾ͳһп׾Դǿͻƣ졣
ʱѾ׾ǵĹעԵ޹ʹĽͻ׾ֹʱûܹ׾еΪС
ĿǰҪһֻܹǰ֮УӸߵȼ죬ѰҸߵȼ칦ϵĽ
֮֮ǻʹ֮ǰ
һ˿˿ҫֱӸǻʹĳ֮ǰ
λ뺯
ǳſһ߼
ָһһöɫ뺯һС
£
߼һǽɫ뺯֮е֣ʱɫ䣬һ¹ڵϣ
׾ʤɾ档Щ߼Ҵŭ档
󲽵֮ڡ
֮һĴ֮ڣˣһǺۡһǷԴ֮˶ԣ϶ɢĿֲϢ
棬ˡΪһ£⼸λֱǱߡǾ֮롣
Դ֮ȻһЦǰܵ
ߡǾ֮ȶ׾˵죬֮󣬶˼䡣
һﲻࡣ
Դ֮֮һĨ֮ɫһλǰΪʮʥ̫ʥ췢׾ǰ̫ʥ֮ս
һ׾ľͷɫ䣬Ĭ
һĨɻ֮ɫʮʥ죿
Ȼ˲ߵ飬ߵļ䡣ǹʮʥ飬Щ߶һ֪
棬֮УΪʥ졢λ졢λ졢λ졣׾λ֮һ
֮еʮʥֱ̫ʥ졢ʥ졢ʥ졢ʥ졢ħʥ졢ʥ졢άʥ졢漫ʥ졢ʥ졢ľԭʥ졣
ʮʥ֮Уӵ֮ػ׾̫ʥĸλ֮һ
ʮʥ໥ݣ̫ʥ٣ǲòȥԴ֮Ц
Զʱӿһ˿򣺡ԭˣʿյ߾Ǿʮʥ֮սУӡǱ䡣
ͬԼӡǼڱ߼䡣һǿ֮սУǿҲΣա


1441 ֮
һ̫ʥٶ˭
Դ֮΢΢һ̾׾нԼ˵Ҿ̫ʥѡʹ
üͷ΢΢һҲԸ̫ʥ٣Σ
Դ֮ô֧н򶼻ᱻ̫ʥջء̫ʥ֮Уǿơӵп֮칦Եֵס̫ʥɳǿߡ
ɫ䣬Ϊĸ׾죬׾һҲֻеϧˡ
Դ֮ȻһЦ̫ʥ֮ӵ칦ֻҪ֮սУΪ̫ʥ㹻ĹѫͿԶһǿޱȵ칦̫뵱Ϊ̫ʥѫܹ졣
Ŀ΢΢һ칦
칦ѾȥҪȥͱ磬ѰҸ칦Ϊݡ
ϵ칦ЩУҪЩ칦ʮѡ
ȥ֮Щô죿
Դ֮ȥ̫֮ʥάǵĽ򣬲κǵĽ㣬ӶǵĲƸ
Ǿ֮׾춼һ˵ϰָֻš
Դ֮Щٵ߿ԽķʽΪ̫ʥЧ󲿷ֵʱ䣬ָǡֻһЩŻᱻ̫ʥ٣òս
ÿһ߶һ֮޵еĴڣһĸԸ˵ָӡ
׾֮УЩǱţҲ˵ķʽڡǿϵ
̫ʥȻ֮ĴڣȴҲҪЩЭһЩ߼ʥ죬ͻʥ
Ŀһ۹ϵãҴӦ٣
ȼͷһۣһЦҲͬ١
治ͬ۵ȼͷ׾㣬kǵӡǶ׾ĸ
һ̫ʥ֣֮߳ȫԽkǵĽ𣬽kֱɱ
Դ֮Ŀһϣһ˿֮ɫ
Ǵ֮ǰߣ档̫ʥ٣ȫ׾ָ췭ظ
һỺҴӦ٣
Դ֮һչ¶Цա
֮
׽룬һֱǧͬһս
һ˿˿ҫԼµİ˴ħ֮ս֮ǰ
Ҹոս㣬Ҫǰμսǵù
ħ֮һսԹһ䡣
ǰ˴ȵĿħ֮һۡ
ħ֮УȼɭϣűǡŮʱսս˵
浭ȻΣգҲܹʶӹʵ硣
ħ֮һۣʵ磿׷󡣡
΢΢һЦ̫ʥ֮Уӵطָǿޱȵѵʶһ𣿡
ħ֮һų貵ľâ־ʾ׵ҵǺȤ
ħ֮ʿǿʿ֮󣬵kҲͻͽԵk˵Щǰδţǿޱȵǵk׷һС
һһսͿٶս֮ϣγһССȦӡ
ٶ߾׾֮λڶǿߡ
֮ĸҲվһСȦ棬СȦˣŮУеӢŮȻǾŲ֮еߡ
֮УǿơŮԵҪһЩ
һЩǿĳ֮бŮ֧Ҳʮƽ顣еĳǿޱȣȴޱȣͨ˸
Ǿħ֮棡
Ŵ߲£ħ֮Ȼʵ

һǿ棬жһĨĹâ
֮ĸһ棬΢΢һ¶һЦǾŲ˵Ĵһͬǰ
֮ĸȻһЦ棬Ϊһ£һλҾŲ˵ʻŮ
ã棡
һһͷں㷢ĳʻƽӨ񣬻ɢžľɫȻһЦ
ÿһεŮ߶ӵоɫգԸ˵ģ绪ԶͨŮԡս֮ڣûһŮԵܹȵϲʻŮ
׾ΨһһŮ߷Դ֮ŮۣҲѷʻŮֹһ
Ŀ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫãʻŮ棬׾һŮȻ鴫
ʻŮЦӯӯˣһٵƽ֮֮׾ĶΪ׾£һһĴӢۡǲԶˡ
˲ʻŮĻ֪ڹάԼȻʮ
ʻŮЦӯӯΪһ£λҾŲ֮еĽ޶϶¡ʪ֮
޶һСɫһ׾ңĻԸ֮һ֪Ƥ£¶ƬľɫŮ
϶¡һ޳òΪӡ
ʪ֮һͷϳһֻǣòüһӡȴһӡ
̫ʥ췢׾֮еһա
ǿޱȵսЩǶòȡů
ûãħ֮Ų˵ǾʹһţγһСȦӡ
ս֮УСҲӵǿ˿
ãս֮Уͳ˼߼ţԼʮеߡ
һ˿˿΢΢һһεսâҫһԶȥ
֮һս·ɵ֮ͷһڹɣŤֲĽĤ˵ǰ
Ǿ֮ϣǶޱȵףħ֮֮ײϷޱȵİ
֮ڣλǰλ졢λǰλ졢λǰʮʥضֵ֮ڡҪ֮ڣر֮⣬ֻн죡
棬ЩǰߣֻҪ磬ᱻĸλ֮СʮʥҲܹʮʥõĻᡣ
Դ֮ߵߣ֮ڣ֮һĨ֮ɫ͵
濴֮ڣһĨâ΢΢ͷ
һֻεսâ΢΢һӡ֣ʼȡս֮ߵ
ɫ΢΢һ䡣
Դ֮ҲþţҪߵ죬˵
Щһɨֳȡֻ΢һ֣û漰㱾Դһ³Ĭ


1442 Զս
һֻεսһײ֮֮ϣͷһ³һӣת֮һһ޴Ŀ˽ȥ
һû֮ڣһޱȵĻɫ֮֮ϯ
ǻɫĺ쵽˼㣬սһս֮ڵϡ
һɹޱȵʴ֮Щߵϡ
üͷ΢΢һ壺һ޵аĵҲᱻֱʴûһսػǿҲᱻʴⲻ֮֮ͬ鷳
ʮʥģʮʥ֮Уӵǿޱȵ칦
滹ǰʮʥ֮ʥǿ֮˿ֲľڽĤ֮òͷ
Ҳֻǿ߿ǿдλ֮нʮʥ죬ǿûرܴλ֮нʮʥ졣
ԭˣ
ߵħ֮˫֮ӡһ汦ֱӷɳӳһսĽṹ
һ֮һսŴǻɫĺ֮зɳʱһսѾòŤ߲
λ죿ܼȻ׾Ҫߵö࣡
֮֮гһɨһ½λĹֱӽ
һ޴ޱȵڲԶ֣֮һսһû֮ںһ¿Խ꣬һƬ֮С
һս֮ٴδһƬ֮ڣǰλ졣
ʮƬ֮֮һսٵһ֮ϡ
׾ǶһޱȵĴ֮ڡ
һųɫĸߴ󣬻ȼڻ̤֮ڣһĿֲϢӵk֮ϯķ
һ˲䣬Ǵ֮ڣ·ʮֱ̫ӳһ㣬ȼڵ̫ס
죡
kһǿߣ

ڳжһĨ֮ɫ
׾֮УųƵһǿߵҲǿߣʱͳһǿߣЩжӿһ˿ѹ
һǿȫǿЩһǿڵĽǿнǹһ˵߻ɱ
׺̫ʥĳϡһƬսǹѫƣǵϢֻҪ˹ѫͿڹѫ֮жһҪıǰ뿪һƬսĹԼ鿴ơ
׺ָһһööɫƴзɳûߵС
ϣ׺һԭʧ
Ӵޱȵ֮ɫһɨϢʹɫ֮ӿ
ƬսΪԶս̫ʥ벨ʥĽ紦ʥȮλನ֮ɱನĹȨ
ȱٹ߾ΪನĹ̫ʥٶǿߡ
Զս֮Уɱһʥ߿Իһ㹦ѫ㣬ɱһǿԻʮѫ㡢ɱһ޵аĵ߿Իðѫ㡣
ɱһһߣͿԻһ㹦ѫ㡣һֵ㹦ѫ㡣һ߼ֵŵ㹦ѫ㡣һ߼ֵʮߵ㹦ѫ㡣߼ֵʮ㹦ѫ㡣
ͨĹѫԶһ㹦ѫ㣬һΪһͨĹѫһһ㹦ѫ㡣
Զս֮ڣÿһͱһ㹦ѫ㡣һûͻᱻ̫ʥᱻֱӻɱ
ֻҪʮ㹦ѫ㣬һ߾ͿֱӴս֮롣
΢΢һ֮һ¸ֳԶսĸ
նɱжԵ֮⣬Զս֮Ҳ߿Щһɣܹһҵ㹦ѫʹͨĹѫ㡣
ÿһͱնɱһߣҪȥɵkǷ񡣹ȻֶΣ
濴Ǹ֮еĸӿһ˿
Щһѱ˽ҪõkǷʮѡԶսǿ߾Ͳǿưһ㹦ѫҪñȽ͵ķЩǽܵkǷĸ
Ͼͬ׵߶ս̫вЩ߶
ȻЩ߿ԼĽ֮һζԵkǵĴȻܴ
Զһʲô칦
΢΢һһɨ֮Уһ¸ֳһĿһһǿޱȵ칦ֱӸ֡
칦칦ֻǰؿԶһһضһʮ㹦ѫ㡣һ֮󣬱뷢ģܹڸˡ

һһ칦ط֮и֣濴ۻңһĨ˷֮ɫ
һĨ֮ɫϧûнԼ칦Զһ֮Ƚҵ칦ݵءսֻҪҲһܹ죡
Զս֮У㹦ѫ˿Զһ칦֮⣬ԶһָԴ
̫ʥʮʥ֮һƿز֪λ졢λ졢λ졣Դ̫ʥ죬©һԴͿ԰һ߽׵졣
Լ֮⣬Դѣ̫ʥʮʥ֮һܹԴѳһߡ
ʱʮʱת˲š
һƬǿ֮С
ŮˡһΣˣ
һͷͬһ㣬žջ峤ʮֱۣͬһͷһ㣬ȴһ߻Ԧһֲޱȵ쫷磬ŻŮֱӷ
Ůʩչطһʻ֮ſk˾ʻ֮вϵԾȥ
һһſջĿһŭһֲޱȵղֱԶһ
һʻֱӱŮֱ֮ӷɳһѪ
ɣ
һâһ΢΢һΣһڻŮǰʮֱۻŲͬǻŮֱӺȥ
Ů֮һĨϷ֮ɫȻһЦҪ㣡
֮һ˿˿ҫһֲֻޱȵĴִſֲޱȵɺڶһߺݺץȥ
ɺڶħ֮棡ôܻ
ɫ䣬ӡ֣֮вĶԦһֲޱȵķ籩ͼѡ
һץһֲޱȵɺڶֱӽӲĳУֱɣһҳʧ
һ𲨴ʥһ䣬ֱӻ㹦ѫ㡣
ŮȻһЦϲϣΪԶսʮ֮һ
ʮ֮УʮֹϵĳɱʥߣѾԶս֮ȵ𣬳ΪԶսʮ֮һ


1443 ֮ı
浭Ȼʮܣһˡûκκô
칦أݽ78%
濴㴫ݽȣһĨ֮ɫ
Զս֮Уնɱʮߣ˵kǵ㱾ԴԼ䡣
Щǵļ֮У౻ߵ칦ЩƵ칦Ϊ칦ݵ78%
ֻҪܹһ칦ҵ칦ӦþͿݵ100%ľءϧһ۸ʵ̫ˡ
һ뵽칦Ķһ۸񣬾üͷ΢΢һ壬ʮʹ
Щ칦һؾҪߵϵ㹦ѫ㡣ڶؾҪʮϡҪʮҡҪһٵ㡣
ҲζҪһ칦ͱնɱһʮһߡ
ʮնɱ˼ʮߣǾ뼯һһ칦ĹѫȻһκܳľ롣
һΣȻһﴳҵԷΧ
֮пһۣĿ΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫһģʧ֮С
Ȼȥ
ŮһʱһһԶȥ
ŮЩͨ߳䵱յеĶϣǿΪʳߣȴЩԵϹԶս֮ϣһʮƽ顣
һƬ֮УһɫĹâ׷һɫĹâ
һɫĹâһͷۣͷ­һͷ­ϳǴ̣һŤڹߡ
һɫĹâ֮Уȴһһɫսףͷϳһֻǣؿڿһ󶴣źɫѪҺòߡ
ãҵĺڰа⣡ˣǸǸܹӵеģ
һͷ­һâһֲײޱȵļ֮
ףƬ֮𵴣ޣǼҵϣѾ˵ˣѾ̫ʥԶսʮ֮һħ֮Ƭ򣬵kһĺٲߣ˾ˣ
ϧһһΣ㣡
һЦ¶˿ޱȵľݣϵ΢΢һģµӡ֡
һɲ֮䣬޾ͳõһצõͷ­ȥһĿֲϢֱӱ
޴
¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫͷһ¸ֳؽ磬һֻ֮н֯ƣֱӴȥ
һɫһº޵֮ϣһž֮У޵ֱӱʧ
֮ǰ¶һϷʵЦݣһһֲԤС
һֻѪںȻõ˿֮и֣һֻѪ֮У޵ֱӸ֣˫һ˺һֲޱȵħһֱӱ˺ķѡ
ˣңͬΪʥߵķϾһΣ
ñ˺ķѣÿһ綼ֳһףһմ
죡
һĨâͷ­һſڣһޱȵĲ˷ɢȥ
õһ±ǲƽضϣõkһĨ֮ɫ
ȻҵԳҰ㵨ӲС
һ֮дһ˿˿ʱⲨ΢΢һʮֹĳ޵һȭֱӺȥ
棿ԶսʮܣȻ͵Ϯң̫ˣ
¶һ˿âͷ­һŤſһ磬ڰаֱӸֱ֣ȥ
ȭͷâ΢΢һޱȵӡ֣˺Ѳ񷣬һɺޱߵֱӱڰаֱ飬˳ƺ޵֮ϡ
ܣô
һĨ֮ɫһޱȵĲҽ֮һ֧顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣޵ֱɡ
޵㱾ԴԼּһûڡ
֮Уһֱӷںһγõı塣
Ŀ˸һµл־һ
浭޿еǸ㽻ɣ
Ŀ˸һµʲôˣҲ֪˵ʲô
㲻װˣ֮ڵԿס˵ûУǾɣ
ıҲˡһ֮ıأκΪ֮
ʮʥ֮У˴˵֮е֮⣬֮Ϊǿ
ÿһ֮Ǿ޵еĿֲڣѹʮʥ죬ͶӰĿֲڡ
ǿҲΪǶıط񣬾ͱˡ
һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һЦˣҵӣ̫ʥ߹ѾΪһߣҲ㻹ľ֮ߣǷһ顣ܹ̫ʥ壬һúд㡣
Ȼֻǿߣɵk̫ʥ֮幬Ů̫ʥ¸Ƕһɸ߸ϵ̬
Ŀ΢΢һ壡׺ʲôˣ
ðȻӵľ˾ˡ뿪ҿҾ˾ܼ֮°㡣
Ŀ˸˼µȻһЦóһ·ðɣȻˣǾΪ׺ϵǰԼˡ
л
һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһʧ
ʲôԶսʮܣǰǵõͷǸһղžȻҶɱ⣬ǲˡһҪ˾˵һ䣬ȥܹ
һĨ֮ɫгһ
Ȼ֮䣬֮һĨӰֱӸ֣һӰìͬһһ´õ֮ڡ
ʲôˣ
ϵıﶼѾ飬ǡӰìһֲ̣ޱȵӰ֮һ½˵kеĵֿkֱӷӡ
һ˿˿֮иָ֣һţһɺڶֱӸֱ֣ӾС
ӡ֣õļ㱾Դ
ҵˣ
һĨ⣬һɫɢžӨԿֱӸС
ϧΪⶼıءԶսܹˣֻܹǰʥˣҺãǶıҲڲʥ֮ڡ
濴һöӨޱȵԿһۣһĨ֮ɫһе㹦ѫ㻨⣬һ˸֪ʶ
ڽе֪ʶݿֱ֮һ󣬽еֱ顣
һöƿԴ֪ʶͬҲԶλߵλãɲҽ֮ߡ
ԶҪ֮ڡ
һо棬ħ֮Ȼ̧ͷЦһµĻ쵰ܹ¡
ħ֮һ֣һɫĹâһоһ֧飬촷ۡk΢΢һΣԭʧ
Ůµ߶һ˲䣬ɫ䣬һʧ


1444 ׷ɱ
̫ʥһڣһԴ֮ܳУһӡǸ֣ӴޱȵԴ֯һ𣬹һõ
棬㾹ȻɱһΣҶҵĶԿףҾԲŹģ
һĨâһ˻ߵĺ֮
ıأǿһ֮ıءǿ߶Ϊ֮ġ
Ƕı֮ӵ֮УǸ֮Ķıء
ҵòĶλ¼ҲԲܹõ
кâ΢΢һԭʧ
Զս֮еԶҪһ֮ڡ
׺һƬ׳֮У׳֮һſ̫֣Ӵޱȵ̫ײϵĸ֡
׺֮䣬һһâ΢΢һһɫĹâһû˵kü֮ڡ
ߵȼͨ棡
׺һĨ֮ɫһ㣬ɫĹâڵkǰ֯γһŤȥûκߺ͵㡣
׺üͷ΢΢һ壺ħ֮߾Ȼˣÿٶȣùϣ
ϧ׺ֶܹģ
׺һЦָһţһմȾһ˿ϢֱӸ֡
ȻٵһöרƣϢͱ׺աϾԶҪ˵һ˿Ϣʲô¡
׺Ĭģһٻֱǰ֡
һɫĹâҫһ峤ߴʮףһɫë¹ףͷȴֻһֻ۾ĳ¹ϳռ֮С
¹֮УͨԤ׷һֲֿ׷ֻۣȼֳܹkǱȼ硣
һ켶ĿֲϢͷ¹ϵϯķ
׺ٻҪҰ׷ʲôˣ
һͷ¹϶׺һɿֲޱȵƬ֮лص
׺ָһһöɵ¹ǰ¹ϰ죬Ҫ׷ˣ
¹ϰҵĹƷأ
׺һ֣һöɫˮһ·ɵ¹ϰ֮Уʧ
¹ϰһ¶һ˿֮ɫſһ̣һһö̺Ϣơ
һֻֻ¹ϰ֮ϸ֣ÿһֻ֮ж¶ޱȵӡ
¹֮ϣһֻ޴ֱһ̺ģӰֱӸ֡
ನһս֮ڣϢӡӡͬһʯһһ˫ۡ
Ԥ˵Ԥ׷ңȻԤ׷ңǾ͸۰ɣ
һһĨâǡסâһӴޱȵԴԴԴϵĴǡסû֮ڡ
һ˳Ӵ֮и֣һˢ
һֻޱȵʮֹĳ֮档
һ˳һڣһֲֻޱȵսì˺Ѳ񷣬һһֻޱȵ֮ϡ

֮Уһ´һޱȵĺ֮
ԶҪ֮ڡ
棬ˣҸ㣬ݣ
һֻ¹ϰȻһϵһſŵըѿһѺڵk֮и֣һεѪӵk֮
¹ϰʹޱȵĺе׺һ׵ߣͨ˰壡㾹ȻĵˣҵԤܴ֮ҹƷҸĺʹգ
ãҸ㹩Ʒ
׺һĨʹ֮ɫһ֣һöɫˮֱӷ¹ϰڡ
ɫˮСԴˮ֮ǿ߻һЩܹ֮۳Դ׺Ϊĳ֮һҲҪʮܹһһöޱȡ
¹ϰҪһöͱ֪ģ
ã
׺ҧ֮мָһһöԴˮһ·¹ϰڡ
λãǸëܹӦɱҪɱʵ̫ˡҪӡӡһǧһ꣬ãܡ
¹ϰü֮һһɫĹâû׺Уͬʱһëֱӷɵ׺Уĺе
˵¡󲿷ֵ֮󣬶ܹԼڵµľǱӡһӡһǧ꣬ϲᷢ衣
ģȻҸ˲ʹĴۡôһãܡ
׺âһһ֮ʧ
ನһ
һֻǼսڲϵķУӡҫٶ˼ޡ
ҵˣ棡
һֻԷһУһеĻִһǼսݺץȥ
һǼսһſһǿޱȵķ֡
ǻһץǸֱӱ顣
һǼսҲ޾Ļȼֱӷ
һ쵶Ǽս֮նһ޾Ļֱӷֿ
΢΢һΣ޾ֱ֮ӷɳԶһأ׺ΪԶҪػߣȻԶҪİΣԶҪߣ֪
׺һĨâһЦһż죡棬ûõģԶҪ֮УҾԶҪ죡˵ʲô㶼ֻ̫ʥˣ
׺Ҫ־͹Լ޴ȻˣԹԵҷӡҲǧ֮㻹нɵһ죡
浭ԶҪصģԶҪݣֻҲѲ˸ϵɣ
׺Ŀ䣬ӿһ˿ԤУ˵ʲô
濴׺һۣһĨЦݡ
һɫĹâ׺𣬵küͷ΢΢һ壬İһԼơ
֮дһޱȵĲҽ֮׺ˣʥҹħ˽ԶҪҪķദ٣ٻԮ
׺ʱ־ŭ㣡棬㾹Ȼҳң̫ʥ죡
浭ȻҸ̫ʥ춼ûκϵôǳ㲻˵̫ʥҲʵ̫ʥˡô׺ҪĿԶҪݣǼ׷ɱң
ȻҪӡ㣡ֻҪӡ㣡Ȼɣӡ
׺һĨâӡҫһ֮ӵk֮зɳ
֮γһ˺Ѳ񷣬γһ޴ޱȵķӡֱѹȥ
̣
кâһϡסֱӸ֣֮ӿӡ֣һʮһУһеļ̹ᴩ񷣬žֱ֮Ӵȥ
һһ´Ƿӡ֮ϣǷӡһѿһ޴ĿնһĻֱ֮ӱ顣


1445 ɱ׺
֮֮һҫ֮㹻֮һŤһ±˾֮
׺ӹһĨ֮ɫһЦ棬һҵľӡ󣡣ϧֻΪʵʵҷӡɣ
Ȼ֮и֣ݺһ޳Ǿ֮ϣǸոճ͵Ļ֮һ顣
汳ġסâ΢΢һԻе֮ſصӡǻе֮и֣һԻе֮΢΢һȣͻһԶȥ
һɫĹâҫٶһ±ǧ׺ǰʧ
ÿٶȣٶܹάֶã
׺ɭһЦ֣һֱ֮׷ȥ
һ֮ǺɫĹâһ֣ȴ׷ǺɫĹâ֮档
ǿߣȻǿᣡҵȫʤҲ5%
Ŀ˿ûп־壬ֻ侲
֮һ׷һ֮Уֱ֮֮Ӹ֡
֮֮ǰһ֮Уɢһ˿˿ޱȵжһпӡ
ǿ׺Ҳ޷֮⣬ӵ֮еһС
֮֮иֵ׺һӿһ˿˿ԤС
ۣ֮
׺˫֮һ¸ֳصӡ֮˺Ѳ񷣬ŨԼȥ
һɫľӴŨ֮и֣֮еһſһ׺˫Ļ֮ͱǺɫľֱա
һ˲䣬һͷŨ֮С
ã
׺ӿһ˿ԤУһȼ㱾Դ󳤳ĶĶһģһֲޱȵֱ׷ȥ
֮ǰ׺ȼ㱾ԴΪ˱ԼʵڵkѾ˲ñԼʵ
׺ܱǸˣ
֮䣬׺ͳ֮֮ǰֲޱȵĻ淭ڣһ𣬽֮֮ǰŨͳͳվ
֮֮ǰͣһսսǰվˣħ֮
ʮ֮Уһ˴Խ֮ڵս֪ʶټԴ֧֣ħ֮ѾɹƳԽ֮ڵս
׺˻֣΢΢һЦһսһͷ֮֮ڡ
棬㾹ȻϷŪң
׺˫֮һĨŭ֮ɫԹ
ԶҪһƣ׺ĳϣҲ̫ܵʥͷkܹܻ壬й޹ܵĽһߣ׺ͻ̫ܵʥĳͷҲԲᱣ
׺΢΢һΣһֲޱȵĻˣ֮֮ǰ˫һ´֮֮ڣһ˺Ӳ˺ѳһ޴Ŀһͷ֮֮ڡ
棡棡иں׷𣡣
ս֮ڣһ´һʾ֮
һâҫһӰͶӰս֮ڡ
ֻ׺һףһʮ׵ľˣűһ֮֮ʮּѵš
ħ֮һĨ֮̾ɫ͵ǿߣȻܹ֮Ļ֮ߣ
ս֮ڣŮµ߶һźϽ֮ϣԼ֮ԴԴϵĹעս֮ڣṩսԴ
һĨâֱʵܹܲһ
֮ڵоħ֮ԶԶ֮ϡ
ħ֮ŵң
һԲεİ˼ֱӸ֣ս֮ڡ
Ľᾧ̫̫ΰˡнѾԶԶķ룬һΰĽʲôʱ򿴣ô
ħ֮һԲεİ˼֮ϸֳӡһĨ֮ɫ̾
Ƶĵһ֮ҲǶԴƶɵıرkӵҽĿֲѾһħ֮޷ĳ̶ȡ
ȻӵϣǾͬԴҲ޷һѾɵ֮ڡ
㡢ӰǼϼǶ᲻ϵĽһһĳ̶ȣͻΪһ޶ĴڣҲ޷ơ
һе˿ǰ˼֮и֣һ´ħ֮ͷ
ǿֲޱȵļһħ֮ͨһ
Ȼ֮Уǿط
ħ֮̾һ䣬һ˫֮һ¸ֳصӡ
֮һս֮Ϲâ΢΢һһ·ײĳڵ֮ϡ
һһɿֲޱȵķ籩һ´׺֮ϡ
ô
׺ɫ䣬һȼ㱾Դ֮γһǿס
ǿֲޱȵķ籩׺֮ϣײϵƵõkòԭأֵǿֲޱȷ籩
ǿֲޱȵķ籩ҹͣЪ
׺ֵסǿֲޱȵķ籩ִ֮Ӻ׷ȥ
׺ոտսӰ٣һɿֲޱȵķ籩ٴι𣬱Ƶõkòͣǿֲޱȵķ籩
kǾȻܹ֮ľڷ籩ôܰõ
֮׺Ҳо˹Ź֣ҧгݵļ׷ȥ
һನ죬ͬ󺣣ɽ֣Ҳҵ
֮ǿ֣ܹ߳λá
֮Уû֮һߣҪץء
¹ȻǾͨԤ׷ĳҪԤԺ׷ٲһ֮е߼ܣԤһһ߶첻
һ֮
ץˣ
һֲޱȵĻҫ׺һ´֮֮г˳צǰݺһץһֲֻޱȵĴսֱץȥ
ģΪҪɱ㣡
һս֮дһӡֱӸ֣׺ֱӺȥ
һֻһ´ǻ֮ϣǻֱӹᴩֵĺ׺֮ϡ
׺һ±ֱɳ֮Զݺݵ֮ڷȥ
һ˲䣬֮֮ϵһӰȻһӰֱӴӰ֮Ϣֳ֡Ӱìһ׺ıϣ׺ڡ
Ӱ֮γɵķӡ׺ڱӡ׺
Ĵ̿ͣȥ
׺־ŭȫһݺݵĺӰ֮ϡ
ǿֲޱȵĻ֮һ½ӰϯɣӰһ±ǻգʮʹ࣬һĻҳkȴ˿û֣סǡӰìŷӡ
ȥ
ôʱһ˲Ƴ׺Ϸһȭ׺ͷ­֮ϣ׺ͷ­ֱӺ䱬һֲޱɺڶֱӸ֣Ǳ˵׺ֱɡ


1446 ͷ
׺ȫʢʱ򣬾ֶΣҲֺ
׺ȼ㱾Դ׷棬ǿᴩ֮ڣѾܴΪأʮ֮ѾɡűӰ͵Ϯش
ʵӰ͵Ϯ׺ΪУʤδ֪֮
׺һ˺ѷεĺ֮棬Ǹɱҡ㲻ݣ
ȥɣ
кâһһɺڶ֮Уӡֲ֣ޱȵ֮׺ϣĳȡ׺㱾ԴԼ䡣
桭
һ˺ѷεĺ֮У׺ֱӻҽƮɢ
治ĳϣ̫ʥ֮ߣȻӵ˶칦
һĨϲɫ׺Լ֮׺ļ֮ҵϵ칦
һĴ칦칦ӵеڰصš
칦֮ΪҪľǵءءھصš׺ΪĳϣԻõھصţڰصŵǲ֡
Ȼ̫ʥһиƣǿ꣬ϵǿȻһ֮ӵмߵĵλ
칦أݽ80%Ԥʱ䣬ʮ죡
һϢһ³Ժ֮УԭѾֹ칦һ³˸Եת䡣
һĨ֮ɫ̫ˣȻϵӶǿߵһвǿٽ֮·ϧǿ߶ڵ˵̫ǿˡֻҪܹ죡ͿնɱǿߣӶkǼ֮е칦ҵ칦ݵ߾硣
ӡ׺õkΪʹĳͷʽҪ׺ļԼ㱾ԴŽkֱɡڿѡȻû
һâ΢΢һһֻսһ½״̬ʧããǿ֮С
̫ʥܲһɽһԴ֮ܳڣһӡǸ֣Դ
һԴ֮ܳеԴһգһӡǹâ΢΢һγ׺塣
棬㾹ȻɱңҾԸ㲻ݣ
׺Դ֮ܳзɳ֮󣬷һԹ޵ĺ֮
֮е׺ʮԴܳصԴ֮ѾָΪɾˣkһҲζŵkϵΪ֮Сҵk۳֮ҲԶԼԭ֮ҪСöࡣ
ȻԲÿһΣһҪҲǲԸԭ
׺һˣ
һϵһ׺Ժ֮лص
׺ɫ΢΢һףһԭʧ
ĺȨڣһˣ峤
һ΢΢һ׺֮ڣ峤һ峤֪ʲô£
ԶҪˣನҲѾݡҪɱ㣡
峤
׺ʱ׹ߣһ¹ڵϣ亹ֱ峤ˣΪеͨǰȥ׷ɱ档ǸСᲨʥˣԶҪơ峤ˣһҪȾҡ
һǿʲôطǿߣ̫ʥЩͷǰҲǲĴڡ
峤أ
׺ӿһ˿˿亹ˣ
峤кâһȵԶҪƣ֪֪жô
ನȻֻһλ죬ȴһΪḻĽ򣬿ϵǿߡ
ನȻ벨ʥУòʥھֲս֮һ´Ƶλ
嵱׺ನ죬ನݣǧ˲أֻвֱֻӱѵ߳һǧ
֮£̫ʥǲɱ׺ôͱŴʥ֪ٴˡ
壬ҲΪ׺Ϊ޴ޱȵĴۡ
׺һ¹ڵϣ亹ֱͷ峤һΪЧϣȾңһ·ɣ
峤ΪЧˡΪܹԴܳٴι𣿡
׺΢һֻ峤һ仰ֱӽ
峤ȥūӪɣ
׺һ̧ͷŲ֮ɫ
ūӪ̫ʥ֮һӪЩΣյĻūӪȥڻ֮еڻҡ
֮У֮⣬һЩľءյأ߽Уֱ䣬ӡ顣
ūӪ֮еǾΪ̽·ڻңս֮ڻҡ㹻ĹѫūӪ˶ֻ·һҲ᲻ϵսֱܹýѡ
峤ĮȥҲС
ȥūӪ
׺ҧһһȥūӪkһȴʮ峤;Ȳ˵k
ǲʥ֧µһλ졣
һеһ乬԰ڣ˫ۣһĨϲɫص칦ϣһҽ֮ҲĹ
칦أݽ1%Ԥʱ䣬ʮꡣ
һϢֱӳԺ֮С
칦֮УġߡھضݵĴڡһͻ⼸ϣӵг֮£ȫݳ칦š
üͷ΢΢һ壺ѾϣھͲԴˡʧȥ׾أħ硢ʿԴֻҪһͿҽ죡̫ˡ
ߵΪλ㣬߼ꡢʮ궼һǿߡ
һʱһǿ߽Ѿһʮ˲顣⻹ǽ˴ߵ㱾Դ֮ϡ
˴ߵ㱾ԴԴӵ칦ҲҪһǧϡ
üͷ΢΢һý붼֮ǰ죡򣬾̫Σˡ
ı֮УȻƣʵԽǿᣬпǱ֮лøıʵ㣬ǱǰҲò
Ȼ֮䣬ؿһȣһ㣬һâֱӸ֣˻ŮͶӰ
ŮȻһЦϣҴһϢһؾʮ֮Ⱥ֮һؾ˵֮У֧İΪ֮ؾ
֮ؾɵòŮ
˫΢΢һһĨ˷֮ɫ¶һ˿˿Ц޵
ŮԶԶ棬ڣܹȦ֮鱨԰
ŮȻһЦлϿޣ
һâ΢΢һֱʧ


1447 ͷ
Ⱥλڷ룬һƬɫĺ
Ⱥ֮Уӵֲޱȵޣ֮һƬޱȵ׵أ˻ǰȺ
һŹޱȵĺӰȺϷɹ
һͷ峤ߴףͷ߳ƣɢŴʥֲ޴Ǻ֮ӿſҲҧһŹĺӰҧȥ

һɫĹâǺӰ֮ûͷȺ޵ڡ
һͷʥһһɫŧ֣̱ںϣһʬ塣
ɫŧҺǴʥ޵֮֮һƬƬʬ֡ܿǴʥΪģԲǧ֮еһжʬѻɽĵ
Ⱥ޼һĻ׷Ƭ򣬸ŤĺӰ
ŤĺӰܿͳȺ롣
ʱȺ룬ѾԲͬ򡢸ֽߡ
ЩǶɢſֲޱȵϢȺ֮һͷͷޱȵ޶ѾӵòӰ
ÿһ϶һŤޱȵķ磬ԿkǵĿ
һǹ֮д䣬һǳ䵽Ƭ֮ϡ
һǳ֮ϣһǳ֮ĹŮǹ֮裬һޱȵǳ֮ۡ
ӵ·վʮߣһ˿˿ֲޱȵϢ֮
ɱ
Ϊɱ
ǿͷ֮һ

ЩΧŵǿһӣжһĨ֮ɫʵԶԶ֮ϡ
һɽԶٴ˵أһɽɽۣһ
ǹ֮УһŸߴ׵֮һͷžŸͷ­ľܣǾͷĿɭ֮һɢſֲޱȵϢ
Ǿͷ·վʮȫ̬ߣһɹޱȵϢд̬
һɽ֮ϣŶʮ̨ÿһ̨֮϶ӡһߣһޱȵĲҽ̨֮д
κε»ʿĴһЩߵĲҽУᱻֱ
ħͷ֮һ
kǾħͷ֮һ
ڵkеʮ𣡣ǿߣҲkӡϣ
ڵkУֱ

ЩΧ۵ǿǶʮ̨һĨ־֮ɫ
Ƕӵв֮ɱҲӡӡǵ桢֮һӡ̨֮Уǿɲãܡ
ÿһ߶־֣ɾˣӡĥꡢʮꡢ꣬Ҳûмֵܹʹࡣ
һɫĹâ֮и֣һƬֱӱ޾Ӱڰ֡
޾Ӱڰ֮УһֻŤֱӸ֣Χȥ
Ӱħͷ֮һֲĴ̿ͣ
˵һǿڵkĴɱ

ЩһһŤ飬ʱ΢΢һ·𱻶ϵһĬ
û峡ȻǿȻǿޱȣȻ޷߿⣡
һȿռ֮ڣĹ۲š
ÿһߣֻһ߶ʵΪֲǷͷǲ峡ռ֮ؾǵkȻδһǿߣҲԵֵߵΧ
ֻǿߣ߲ȼӡǵ֮£һһɱ
硣
Ⱥ룬ˮһڣһͨʯͷֱӴӺ֮зɳѿ
ʯͷ֮һֱӸ֣ſǣ³һźɫ顣
һźɫâҫû֮УһŤĹâҫγһ޴ޱȵŤͨ
һâҫһͬһ㣬Ťֱͨӷȥ
ǷͷҲûŤ֮ͨڡ
Ӧò壡
濴ǷͷŤ֮ͨ󣬴֮߳¶һ˿˼֮ɫһᣬһ֣һܿռֱûŤ֮ͨڡ
ʧȥϵˣߵؾ
üͷ΢΢һԥһᣬһĨ֮ɫ̤һŤ֮ͨڡ
һŤޱȵĹâ΢΢һͳһޱȵ֮ڡ
ǹޱȵ֮ڣŨޱȵԴܣǿޱȵͬʱ֮Уһǿޱȵѹߵʵ
ҩ治ߵؾȻǱ
Ӵޱȵ֮ǸһɨʱĿ΢΢һ
һؾһǿµıأȻޱȵĳֲ
ؾ֮ڵĸֲֳһֱͨߡ
ÿһ߶ڲͬĵط²ͬıأϾkֶ֮ǧٹ֣ҵkǵĵͬҲʮֲֿǲһ㱦أˣҲûʸȥĶΪС
һ˿˿ռ䲨֮и֣̤֮һ¸ֳһ˼أ˴֮ϡ
еֱӸ֣ʼĹɣҿʼʴ硣
ϸСĻ˷ȥܿһƵĵͼһ³Ժ֮ڡ
ȻһǲУ
˫һһԭʧ
һɽ֮ϣһߴǧף˻ƽҶ֦֮ϹʮС̫һ
̫ǻƽΧ֣һС
һ˿˿ҫ֮߳һ֮ǰһĨ˷֮ɫ̫ԴǴ˵֮еһһһһŻᵮʮŹʵʮŹʵһЩС֮УͿݻΪһ̫ҫһ硣ʮ̫Դҽļɣ
Ȼ֮䣬һͷ峤ߴǧף̫ƣɢ޵аϢ鼶̫ٿֱӸ֣ſҧȥ
һ̫ٿһָһ̫ٿ˲䱻ȡѪҽƮɢ
̫Դ֮ˣȻܹıҹҲɱ㣡֮أ
һ֮дһͷϳһɢһѪϢһ֮
Ƕҹҵı
֮âһշţһĿֲϢӵk֮
֮ܵĿֲϢЩ߸ɫ䣬Ϣһȫء
֮һЦ࣬ҹҲ˺֮󣬽ӡҵġԹ棬ʹ֮꣡


1448 սͷ
ϣʸ˵ֻ˲٣ȴ㣡
ɱһǰһһ˿˿΢΢һһ˲Ƴ֮ǰһ¡
ʱСռѷ졢ɺڹ⡢֮໥֯γһɫԲ򣬴ŻһеĿֲܣֱ֮Ӻȥ

֮һŭХһ¸ֳӡûһӡһ𣬶γһֻ޴ûkڡ
һӰ֮ıȽȽһ֮Уǿ߶
۳Ϊһɣû֮ڡ
֮̽צһץХֱ֮ӱأ˺Ѳ񷣬ȥ
ֻʿԼڿ˴磬֮Уڿ磬֮սͬ
ǺɫԲǿֲľצ໥һ֮Ļצһı顣
˳һƺ֮֮ϡ
һɫĹâҫֱ֮ӱ飬ǿ߶һҽУͳͳһѪȫ
֮֮Ҳһ˲ķѡ
һɺڶֱӸֱ֣֮֮ɡ
ʲôˣȻɱңҾԲŹģҼס
֮ɺڶ֮Уһ춯صŭ֮е㱾Դȴͬ̽ˮһԴԴϵӿڡ
ûлˣ
ʮ֮֮ͻҳƮɢ
֮ˣ
˭
ǿ
ʲô

ЩΧ۵ǿ棬ж¶һ˿˿֮ɫ
֮ȻǷͷĿֲڣȴҲǷ֮һպˣڵkеĿֲǿ߾Ȼնɱһնɱһˡ
һâҫЩ߷׷ʧ档
һץһɫӡֱӸ֣һӡɢſֲĲһɢԹħ֮ץ
һħ֮ġԹҲһΪֲ֮
Ȼӡߣ֮ķӡҲ
һĨ֮ɫһ㣬ָ֮е֮˿һ´һԹ֮ڡ
һӡֱ֣ӴǡԹ֮зɳ
һɺڶֱӸ֣һֱУŵkǵ㱾Դ
һе˿ǡס֮˿˿ĲǡԹ֮ϣǡԹһֱ֮ɡ
֮Уһҫһֻ˺Ѳƴݺݺȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʩչ칦һȭ֮еƺȥ
¡
֮һѿһֲޱȵѷ죬ֱӱһ֮УһѪ֮һѿ
Ȼܹһ¼Ķе㱾¡㾹ȻɱߡǾͳΪ̨֮ϵһԱɣ
һɽ֮и֣ɽ֮ϣһܣǷͷ֮һħ
Ǿħ·վһһһԳߣkǶǾħµߡ
Ǿħ棬гɱ
ħ
ͷ֮һ
һΣǸˣ
ħϲŰɱľֵߣǸˣ

һЩû뿪ǼһĻһĨ˷֮ɫֹͣ뿪ȿռ֮ʩչطߵһС
ͷ֮һȤ㵽ʲô£
һĨâϵġסһųӡӡ֮⸡֣γһӡס
һУһ̺֮սֱӸ֣ʱͬ˲һǾħֱӷȥ
󵨣¼徹ȻҶϳ֣񼫣
һͷһĨâһ³һ׻һĨӰǰһնȥ
һͷɢ߼ֲϢİ׻ֱӸ֣̽צһץŷһеĿֱֲץȥ

һնһֲޱȵĺɫâֱնͷ׻֮ϣͷ׻ֱն飬˳նһ׻֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһͷֱӱɳ֮ң˴ƬѪ
ǶҪ֣Ը
ħһĨâһ֣һɫħֱӴ·̨֮ϡ
Ƕʮ̨֮ϣâ΢΢һӡ֡
һһӰ̨֮и֡
ǶʮӰ໥֯ںһγһߴףǡǡУʮ飬ϳųβ͵Ĺڡ
һɶʮӰγɵĹڻɢŤһǰһצȥ
֮֮аֹ֮֮ޱȵ֮޾Թں֮£γһɣȥ
һնǹޱȵĹצ֮ϣһɿֲޱȵֱӽɳ֮Զ
ļһȻûм򵥵Ļɫ
汻һɣһ˿˿֮ѪһĨ֮ɫ
¼࣬㽫Ϊ̨֮еڶʮĸҲΪֵ̨һ֣
ɽ֮ϣħ¶һŰпЦݡ
һͷ̨Ǿħĵ֮һսһĿֲټϾħˣǿһǿҲһս
΢΢һЦǿɲһһΣˣֻ㣡
ץסk
ħɫһ̨
һɽӡҫһ˲Ƴǰ
һ̨â̽צһץ̺Ŷʮֱ֮ץȥ
ֵ̨սֲߡϾֻһɽֻ֮Ҫһɽ̨Ȼƣ
ƽޱȣһָһʱ⡢˵ĺֱӸ֣סƬʱա
Զһ˫ۣڵkһ˼صġڡâ΢΢һһֲޱȵĻ˺Ѳ񷣬һɽֱӺȥ

ħɫ䣬һ֣һ֮ܡֱӷɳ
һ֮⸡֣һͷ峤ߴֱӳ֮Уſǿޱȵ磬ɽ֮ǰ
һһ֮ϣ׾ٵĹᴩ磬ɽ֮ϡ
һ˲䣬һɽ֮еһطֱӱǻֱɡ

ɽ֮У˾ħ˺ѷεĲҽ֮
Ƕʮ̨Ҳһı飬ʮߴ̨֮зɳȻǻֱɡ
һͷ岻һ̨Ҳֱӱʧ


1449 ɾͷ
࣬¼࣬
һĺ֮ǻ֮дǾħǴǻֱ֮ӳ˳
Ǿħӻ֮г֮󣬾Ÿͷ­ѾըȴǺˡkâſһ磬һɫĹӵkĿᴩ񷣬ֱӺȥ
Զһҧһӣſһǿޱȵķ硣
ǾħĺɫһǷ֮ϣֱӱ
һɫ˳ƶ£һ˼֮ϣǻֱӺƬ˳ƽǰ˼غһֲĴ󶴡
ڡɱ֮һ޴ޱȣһǿȫһȱҲ࣬ʱߴʮӣһ֮˼صĹ½㡣ǾħԲһشİ˼ء
΢΢һΣһ˲ƳǾħǰʩչ칦һǾħֱնȥ
¼Ķ
ħâӶ޴ƣ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺȥ
¡
ǿײһǾħһѪֱӱɳ֮ң
ôܣ
ͷ֮һľħȻǸһɣ
ÿֲ

ЩΧ۵һĿɿڴԼ۾ħƵߣ֮Ƶһ
ôĹ
ħһĨ֮ɫһӡ֣һСʮ׸ߵ̬һ˿˿ɫڵk֮и֡
ǾħǰһնΪ֮˺ѣǳڵk֡
̣
һʱⳤ֮и֣ʱⳤ֮г֣Ŀ䣬ͬһ飬ĳȡ֮γһ̹ᴩȥڡδǾħֱӴȥ
ƣ
ħâҫ֮ӿͷܵӰγһֻ׵Ŀֲƣŷһеܣֱȥ
һ´Ǿ޴֮ϣӲĹᴩ˾޴ƣһ´˾ħڣkֱӺɣŴ׹䡣
ҲƵĲдУһЩѣƬ֮Ѫ񷡣
ܾˣ
ΪȻľħ⣬̫ˣ

ЩΧ۵һĨâ
߲Խߣ֮Ѿǳʶ澹Ȼܹħܾˣֱ졣
һӰӴ֮и֣Ӱֱӳֳ֣֡ӰìǾħֱһ̡

ħܾˣ״̬ں޷ϸӰֱһìУᴩࡣ
Ӱ֮γɵķӡӡǾħ֮ӡŵk
ȥɣ
һʱӾħǰ֣ʱ֮߳Ŀ䣬һն£ݺݵն˾ħ֮ϣǾħն顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǾħֱӾУǾħ㱾Դ
࣡޳¼Ķ㾹ȻɱңҲŹģ
ɺڶ֮УħһޱȵĲҽ֮㱾Դк岻ϵĲҽƮɢ
ˣ
ԭź֣


Щ֮еǶ棬Ų֮ɫ
Щǿħܾˣͬھõ顣kǾͿ̵
֮Уһ˿˿ҫһ澵֣һɫεذֱӴǾ֮дֱ̳Ӵȥ
ͬһʱ䣬һƬ֮Уһֻɫļʸֱ˵ĺ֮档
һͷɫɢһĿֲϢ̽צһץſԷһе֮״ֱץȥ
һ̵ĻӴ֮ſǻ֮Уֲ̫ӰһգӰߵӰֱɢγһ֮ӡ磬Ӱӡǽ֮ڡ
֣ʱ򣬷˱ɱһ
ȫʢ֮ʱ߾Ҷ֡ħܾˣʱɱġ
Ͱ̵飬Ҳɵ顣ϧҵûбֳôءΪ˿ԺЩõ塣
ɭһЦȻ̽צһץһצץסǾ˵Ĵ֣һһͷףǵľֱӴӾ֮г˳
һɺڶֱӸ֣һľֱɡ
һľŮһ·һޱȵĲҽ֮ҪɱңӰħӣҪɱңӰħŹģ
ɺڹһľŮһһľŮһ±øɱҽʧ

һģһǺɫļʸ֮ϣǺɫļʸֱ顣
һͷ߼Ѫо޴ôɣ
һץһֻɫħצֱӸ֣һצץͷ֮ϣֲޱȵֱ֮ӱѪֱӳȡһѪС
һɺڶֱӸ֣ͷֱУŵk㱾Դ
Զ֮УһɫĹâֱӸ֣ȼ㱾Դһɫϸʧߡ
һ̵Ļ֮ϣֱ̫ӷɳֱ桢ӰֱӺȥ
¡
̫һ˲ֱӱֲޱȵ̫֮һ½桢Ӱֱɡ
һ̵Ļһ³ֻɫĳ΢΢һȣȼ㱾ԴһɫĿ֮УԶȥ
Ȼһôʹkɣ
һ̫֮дһɺڹһ̫ըĿֲͱһա
̫֮һ߳һ̵Ļ䣬һץ
һֻޱȵħצʱⳤ֮кȻһץһ̵Ļ֮ϣǱ̻ķֱ顣
ҪɱңʲôԸΪ
һ̵ĻɫĹâҫһ±һһͷɫһҶףͷϴһ׵ľŮİ
ɣ
ޱ飬һ
һֻħצֱһ󣬽һͷľŮֱ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣һŮһkֱУŵkԴ
һſԴʯֱӸ֣ӴޱȵԴϵûڡ
˭Ҫ
Ŀɭ֮Щ߿ȥĿ֮ЩһбһԶȥ
һץһ꡾̫ԴֱץУԼڵĴ֮ڣ΢΢һΣһ⣬ڵķȥ


1450 
㾹ȻҸңǾ͸ȥɣ
һᣬȻ֮䣬ϸֳһ˿˿ʱһ˲ƴԭʧһƬ֮Уֱһץ
סֻ֣ǿһۣ
ص֮УһųĴֱӸ֣һٷɣγһ֮磬
÷ҵ٣
Ŀ䣬һצ£֮ϣӡֱӸ֡
һŴٲϵĿήצͬ붹֮һ㣬û˴ڣӡֱӱһߵ
࣡ġ
һһ壬УҽƮɢ
һץǴŵıͳͳץУĶԼĴ֮ڣĿ磬֮пȥ
һ𲻻Ƿ׷ʩչط˷ȥ±ҵֱɱ
΢һһ˲ƴԭʧߣԼǸ˼ֱһģԭʧ
նɱ˶ߣҲʮ־޴󡣲ֶ׺ݣסЩǣõkǷ׷档
ʧ֮󲻾ãһ³㲻֮ǰռݵĵط
ˣ
ɶղǿиɣҪǶ֣һܹ
̫ϧˣ

߿ʧĵطһĨϧ֮ɫ
֮ǰЩǱ׺ޱȵֶŵɢkǱϾǴˣܿعµ˲ᣬ׷ɱ棬ֻѾһ
Ȼ֮䣬һ¿ѣһöɫֱӳ֣ըѿһɫĹâֱϯȥ
ɫ䣬׷ʩչſһ硣
һɫĹâǷ֮ϣʮֹǸ֮ڣߵ϶һӡǡ
׷ӡǣ
úݵֶΣ
һָҪɱǣ

ǿϵһӡǣжһĨŭޱȵĹâµ⣬вӿһ˿˿⡣
һָȫʢնɱħĿֲʵȫԽȫնɱ
һ˿˿ӿߵͷ
ʱţʮʱת˲š
һ֮ڣ滺˫ۣоҫһɺޱߣȱϢ֮л
ôߵ㱾Դ˳Կʼˣ
âһӡ֣һɺޱߵĿֲϢ֮
ؾ֮еԴܶǣڵλϯ֮γһ޴ޱȵС
ڽף
ôֵطף
Դܲ࣬±룬ҪĺԴ

һߵĿ߿Ľʡ⡣
Ҫ㾳磬õİ취Ȼؾ֮УԴŨߣķϱ֮еȴԶԶ
Σһ磬һ߼ʵ顣
һ֮зɳϣ˲ɡ
ЩȻؾ桢򡢽ϣǲԶˣ
һĨâһ㣬һš̫Դֱӷɳ
һſ̫ԴֱӷûĿС
һſ̫ԴһûĿУͷ·һſ̫һ㣬Ӵޱȵ֮ʣΪ׵֡
ʮ̫Դ֮һתΪΪޱȵ㱾Դ
Щɵ㱾ԴҲ칦ת֮£תΪ㱾Դ
һ˿˿Ѻ֮иֱ֣顣
ֱ֮Ӹ֣໥Ťٴιһǿޱȵ֮
һĿֲϢһǿ֮л
ʿ֮ڡ
ӡֱӸ֣һŤ
Բϯһûһöӡ֮ڣһöӡǱøӵĿֲǿ
ΰ֮ˣ
kֽˣ
køǿˣ

ʿ֮Уһʥߡ߸Ӧ֮籩һĨ֮ɫ
ˣһνףӦý׳Ϊǿߣһ
ĸӦı仯֮һĨ֮ɫ
ĸǴʿ絮ͳֵĳ飬kʿʱʱ֮УʿҲû˽׹졣
һͳΪʿʷǿĴڡ
ӡ㹻Լ淨΢΢һֱûʧ
ؾ֮ڡ
죡Ȼһοµɱ䣡
˫ۣӿŵ֮΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ڿȥ֮ĺıˣ
âһ΢΢һΣһʧ
ؾ룬һɫľ޴ųǡ
һ޴ĹųϷǧʮǳ
һǳ֮Щǳ֮䣬ҫǹų֮ϣγһǿޱȵǻԽ硣
ǧʮǳɲͨǳ൱ʿʮλһӵǿ뱾Դ־ǳ
֮ǼԦǧʮǳǿɱѹǿߣպգǷһһӢۺܡ
ʱǾ޴Ĺų֮ǰѾٶߡ
ٶ߶ʩչǿޱȵطǹųǵǳȥ
֮֮ʱٶǹųǵǳֻ·һ
֮ôǿҲѾ䡣kµĹųǷ죬ȴҲסߵΧһѷ첻ϵĳϣֻϵٶȱԽԽ
һ˿˿ҫǹųǵķ֮⡣
࣡
ã

һ棬ʱɫ䣬׷ʩչطһԶȥ
ӣ̫ˣȥɣ
ɭһЦʱ֮Уһ˲Ƴһ¹ǰһȭ£ֱӷ¹ߵһɺڶֱӸֱ֣ɡ
һɱһߣٶȸ˼֡
һӲߣͳͳ
âһһ̤һ·ֳˣһ˲ƣǰֱһȭֱӺȥ
ɫ䣬׷ʩչطſһ絲Լǰ
࣬ΪʲôҪǳ֣㾹ȻԵ޹ɱ¾ߣѵŭ𣿡
һһŭ
ǾȻ׷ɱңôͳͳɣ
ֲޱȵɺڶֱ֣ӾУӰһºΪһ壬һĿ³޾ɱ


1451 ǳ֮
Щڴ˵صǿȻնɱߣһĨɫһ˿⡣
Ļ֮ЩǾһĬվһĮԹۣҲɢһ֡
΢΢һΣһ·ֳĵӰȭǲдֱӺȥ
ǿɴûж֣
߷һߵĺ֮ʩչطƴֵĹ
ǺôĹȻ׷˵ҡͳͳ
һʱֱƬ֮и֣ĴһŤʱգγһޱȵĿռ䡣
ʮ֮ŤĿռһʧǿռ֮߳һɺڶɺڶ֮вϵһޱȵĲҽ֮
ײУ
Ǹ࣬ײУ
Ǹɱ˾ħ࣡
ɱ˾ħ

Щ֮УҲ߼ʶֶΣһ֮мɵ
ɱӰħǵͷĿһתϡ
Ӱħʲôˣ
һŤĺɫâ΢΢һӰħϢĿԽ˲Ƶǰ
浭֮棡
Ӱħ֮г˱ɱ⣺֮棬ԩ޳𣬸ΪʲôҪɱҵӣ
ȻҴɱңȻҪӰħȻҾȥžۺˣ
ɱһӡҫһŤʱⳤΧֱ֡һԽʱⳤӣ˲ƳӰħǰһצӰħֱץȥ
֮棬ɱҵӣɱңܺãܺãһɱ㣡
ӰħɭһЦƾһצڵk֮ϡ
һ˲䣬Ӱħһķѣʧ
һɫżһ¸֣ըѿһӰ֮ʧ
ˣӰħǼ֣
һĻüͷ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
֮ʵ˷츲صı仯ӰħҲǿߣ䲻ֱӽԷɱ
ӰħʮֹϣȻʧӰ֮УǿҲԲ׽Ӱħĺۼ
һ֮ˣ
ӰħսȻСȴǷĵһ̿ͣ
ǿߣӰħУ֮ˣ

һߵ֮лص߿涼¶һ˿ֻ֮ɫ
ͷ֮УӰħǿһˣǵkĴɱ֮ȴǷһˣλɱǿߡͷ֮˼ɵһλ
ɱĿһۣҲ¶һ˿ֻ֮ɫ
浭ȻһЦҲûߵĿ⣬΢΢һΣһ³Ǿ޳ǵǳԵ
һָеϸ˿һ´ǳ֮УʼǳĽṹ
ṹʼ⵽ߵ֮޷
ǻеϸ˿֮һ·һϢ
һĨź֮ɫȻǿ߲µĽ磬Խ
ȻԽǾͱƽɣ
һĨâϡסâҫָһţһ°ǳ֮ϡ
һɿֲޱȵ֮һǳ֮ϣǳ֮һӿ޾ǳ֮ûڡ
΢΢һӴޱȵǳֱ֮ûڵĴ֮ڣγһſǳ
һǳ籾ٶߵΧѾʮֳڱ˴ǳ֮Ҳ޷֧֣һı
¡¡
Ǿ޳Ϸһſǳǹһſǣ·ֱӺȥ

һŭЩ֮бЩǷ׷׳֣Ǿ޳ϷһſǳֱӺ顣
ߣ
һâҫЩǷ׷޳֮ڷȥ
Ҳ΢΢һΣ޳ֱ֮ӷȥ
һЩʵǷ׷Ǿ޳ǵһƫȥЩϵǿǶǾ޳ǵĺȥ
Ǿ޳ǵ룬һߴǧǳ֮Уӡǳ֮
ǳ֮֮վֳִ󽣵ľʯ
˵֮йɱ
һǳ֮Ǿʯ֮и֣kһ˫ۣĿ䣬ɢĿֱֲӻӽһն
̺ſֲǳ֮Ľâն֮ϣ˲佫ֱնɱ
죡
kǳܣ
ǳܣ

һ֮ЩߵĿдЩǷ׷ɢǳܿ⡣
ҲþţkǱϾֻܡһ֣ǿ߶ܹܣǳܣסǣ
ɱһȣһָһǹγһֻֻǳ֮ìԽգǳֱӺȥ
ҲʩչɱطԶԶǳֱӺȥ
ָĵߡʥ߼ޡܡرϸ֣Ϊ˵ֵǳܵڻҡ
ǳ׺ףӶ󽣣Ԧſֲޱȵǳ֮⣬һһֱնɱ
ֻǳô׺ᣬȴȻסһٶߵΧһѡ
ǳܿеǳָ֮ƣ޳ǵǳ֮ͱЩʩչضϣõk޷ǳָ֮õkǲϵ˥
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһǳֱӱñ飬kǳҲЩִݻ١
һǳҲټһӣͱֱն顣
ǳȻն飬ԭһٶҲɱֻʣʮ
ɨǳһۣһĨâȻ޷죬˺սЧ
ϷǳܵĲк֮󣬲дߵĿⶼһǳ֮ϡ
ҿ
һ׵ľâһһߵһǳ֮ǰӶһ޴ݺһǳ֮֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһǳֱ֮ӱ飬¶һ޴ѷ졣
һâ΢΢һеǷ׷ûһǳ֮ڡ
һǳ֮ͱ͵һտĴǴ֮ڣŸָϡ

һĨ֮ɫһץǴ֮ϡĿﶼС
򣡣
潫Ǵ֮еıռһգһ㣬һ֮֯γһͷΪָ
Ǽͷָķһ·ǰУɨмı
ռ֮һǳ֣֮޴ޱȵĹһ³ǰ
Ǿ޴󹬵룬һƽ̨ƽ̨֮ϣֱöˮÿһöˮޱȵĹâ


1452 ӡͷ
һĨ˷ܵĹâһץһֻĸˮֱץȥ
һǳ֮ĸˮ渡֣γһǿޱȵǳ硣һצץһǳ֮ϣһǹҫֱӽݻγɵľצ顣
һǳҲҫһ˿˿ģ˼֡
ǸǳôǿҲԵֵ߼ǿߵĹ
Ϣ֮䣬ɱ֣һޱȵǹۣ֮ǳɱǹ⻷ƣſֲޱȵɱֱݺնȥ
һɲ֮䣬ʮǳӰֱӸ֡
ʮǳ֮йâҫһǳ֮⸡֣γһǳ֮ѹա
ʮߴɱıɳʩչֹɱطֱӺȥ
ɱʮ͵ϮһǿߣҲᱻˣ䡣
һ֮ǰֹҲشңϧѾ죡ԣͳͳȥɣ
һĨâϡס֮ӡҫӡ֣һֲޱȵɺڶ֮
һȭɺڹϯ£֮һſǳֱըɷ顣
֮ɺڶҲͬӵһ㣬ԶƶʮߵĹֱɡ
һɲ֮䣬ʹǳ֮Χ֮߳ߵǰһߵͷ­Ť¡
ɺڶֱһֱӾУŵkǵ㱾Դ
ס֣
ɱ˫۳죬һĨ׹⣬Ԧǳ֮⣬һ˲Ƴǰһնȥ

âһȭǡǳɱ֮ϣһɺޱߵĿֱֲӱǡǳɱͬɱһͬɡ
ʮ߳ôʱʩչֹɱطȥ
һɺڶ֣ʮߴ󲿷ֵĹмߵĹ֮ϡ
ǡסâһһӡ֣ЩǵĹֱɣֻһ֮ϡ
ȥɣ
ɱӿͬһ޵ħ񣬳ʮ֮УʩչǿޱȵĹɱʮߺȥ
һһֱ߱ɡ
Щ֮УֻɱֵܹסĹֻÿһεkոշͱһȭɡ
ǿһɱµߺƬֱɡ
ɱµ߲䣬ѣӰħҪٲ֣ҵ뿪˵أطĻԵͳͳø֮棡
һɲ֮䣬ıһӰʮֹĸ֣Ϣһذףȥ
һ˲䣬ӰҲֱӴӰֱӸֳ֣֡ӰìһӰֱӴȥ
ìذ׽ǿߴ̿ͽԾ
һɿֲޱȵֱӱӰֱӱɶײǳǽ֮ϣѿһεѪϵĵ䡣
ӰڻĴԴ֮Ѿÿ죬ǱӰħȻһϡkܹģҲֻǵסӰħһ
ӰħڳˣأĲ
âһţһɺޱߣ޾ʱ˲ӿϯգסʱ䡣
Ӱħʱһͬͷһ㣬һһġ
̽צһץֲ̺ޱȵӡӰħֱץȥ
ɱâһӶǳɱԦǳֱ֮Ӵȥ
дҲʩչֹɱطȥ
ΧκԣִҪɱӰħͻᱻɱkֹ
治ҲˣһצӰħֱץȥ
Ҫɱңƾ㻹ûǸ£
һӰħĿдһɢŤϢ֮Ӱħ顿ֱӸ֡
޾Ӱ֮ǡӰħ顿֮и֣γʮŤޱȵӰ硣
ǡӰħ顿ӰħһͬӰ·Ѿ켶ǿߵŹƶɵ֮֪ӰħٴΡ
һצʮŤӰ֮ڣһŤӰצ֮ϣ֮໥⣬Ӳĵסһצ
ɱġǳɱһ¹ᴩһڶı֣Ӵޱȵǳ֮һӿӡӡ
ߵĹҲһ˲壬һѪ
ͻᱻҷӡ
Ѫ¶һޱȵЦݡ
ֱӴ֮С֮ޡݺһ飬ӰħԴ֮ϣһӰħԴ顣
ֲޱȵӰħһ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ӰħͬǡӰħ顿ֱɡ
Ҫӡңɱң
ӡӡ֣Ӱħ׵Ŀ֮УӰħиӡ
ֵˣ
ӡӰħת˫һģߵ֮ϣֱӽߺķѣһӡӡֱ֣ӷӡ

ɱöˮһۣһĨ֮ɫʮֹϣȥ
΢΢һΣĵȥ
˶ߣֻ㣬ɱ
Ŀ̤һʱһɱǰһȭ±ǳʱֲֿޱȵ֣ɱȥ
֮棬ȻͱˣôǾͬھɣ
ɱâһŭХһǳӡ֣ȼ㱾ԴǡǳɱΪһ塣
ͬھһ
һЦһָһʱɱһ
ɱ΢΢һʱŤһ˲䡣
ɣ
һ˲䣬ѾɱǰһצɱڣӡֱӸ֣ʼӡɱ
ɱſ־֮ɫеס֣Źң֮棡ҴˣֻҪŹңҿԽеıͳͳ׸㣡
ˣǷıأԼȥã
кâһӡ裬һӡĲɱ֮ϡ
ɱ΢΢һֱСΪһŹûС
ҽ죬ȻһսЩ鷳вͻɱӰħСһսջ޴󣡣ӰǸģ
΢΢һָһ֮Ӱħ顿һֱӷӰС
лϣ
ӰһϲһץһöӰħ顿ץһ¡
صӰӡӰ֮и֣õkϢڽԽԽǿ
ӰĽǴ̿͡Ӱ⡾Ӱħ顿ϵkĵرõ⡾Ӱħ顿ʱʵ


1453 ͷ
㾲վһԣһĻ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ڼ֮Уһֱ谮ķѵĵر࣬սҲԶԶļ֮
ӰһȫһöӰħ顿ʵܹ츲صı仯һԾΪǿߡ
תصǼ֮ڣ˼Σöˮ֮ϵĽֱӺ飬һץһöˮֱץС
һöˮֱѿһ칦칦ֱӸԺ֮С
þ칦Ҳһſ칦ϧ̫һ칦֮Уſ֮ķţ
۾΢΢һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
ռ칦ԽࡢԽǿܹõԼ칦
ʲô
סһöˮӴޱȵһɨȴûлκ鱨
һһöˮ֮һĨ֮ɫϣ뽫öˮ͸ҡöˮٴν
΢΢һЦһ֣öˮֱ׸㣺ãˣ
Ǳǿһ֮kȻҲ֪һöˮʲôȴƾıܣоһöˮԵkĽкô
֮¶һ˿ϲɫһöˮУûֱһöˮ
ַ֮֮ڣвߣ뱣״̬
ӰһҪԽ㣬ŻڵõˡӰħ顿֮󣬵һʱ佫ӰħڡkͿ⶯ǡӰħ顿
һе˿ӿһˮֱںϡ
ǡס֮Уһ´һС
΢΢һЦֽһöˮС
һöˮâһһûԺ֮С
ꣿһꡣȥ֮ҪԼӡӡ档ӦþǵkΪԼѰҵһ档
濴һ꣬˼
ӡӡһ֮Уýõػ򡣿һ򱻹ƣҲߡ
ǽӡǼ棬֮Գ֣޷κεЩߡ
һЩʵǿᣬӵΪԼ֮У֮֮ǿ߿⡣
֮棡
һͷϳŰצһͷ­Ǿӵһǳ֮ϣʱɫ䡣
㵹ùȥɣ
ֱһ˲Ƴһǰһȭߵ֮ϣֱӺ飬˳ƽɡ
кâ΢΢һΣԭʧʼɱǳ֮зǵߡ
Щ߱˾һζأ˵kǣܹٽ
֮
Ӱħ
ɣ
һ˿˿ҫ֮и֣һ֣һֻӴޱȵǼʽֱӸ֡
ĹͬһӰħ֮ǳȥ
޴ıը֮ڶꡣ
һֱӽӰħӰϷ
һ죬ӡҫӰħһ±⿪˷ӡǰ
Ӱħ򣬲֮棬ҪɱңҿԷԣΪЧҪɱңĴ̿ͣԴɱǿߣҪɱңˣ
ӰħһӴޱȵ֮һɨʱѪɫధ
ɱ㣬ҿԻøǿ󡢸ҳϵĴ̿ͣ
ɭһЦһצӰħڡ
ӡҫһöӡǱһĴӰħڳһֱ顣

ӰħһޱȵĲҽ֮˫ֱ䡣
ӰֱӴ汳Ӱ֮Ծ
һָӰħԴԴϵûӰڡ
΢΢һһǳֱ׹䡢ӰħֱӱӰħͽӿһ־塢еĳ֮ͳͳʧ
Ӱħˣ
֮棡
ײеߣ
Ǹ֮ؾ֮նɱǷߵ֮棡

Ƿ֮һһĨ֮ɫͷǿߣʮʥ֮УҲԳΪ֮еĳϡǿ䣬ǶΪ֮𶯡
Ӱħ֮ڣһɫĹâֱȥ
ӣҲɣ
Ŀһһ̤ǺɫĹâһצֱӴһɫӰڡ
ס֣һ·ʲôԴӦ㣡
Ӱħ֮¶֮ɫҽе
ޱ飬һצӡֱڳ顣
һֱûӰڡ
һɺڶһӰħӵʬֱӾУŵkԴ
ӴޱȵӰħ֮һɨû֮һָһֻӴޱȵĽֱ˲ƳսͬˮһӿɨӰħ
һץݻΪһֲֻޱȵľֱ֣ӴӰ֮ڣӰħıڳԼ֮ڡ
ȥһطˣ
âһ΢΢һΣâʧ
ɱ
ǳ׹䡣
սɱ֮еĸִɱ
һצɱڣɱӡֱ˳
ɱһĨ־壬ס֣֮棬˵ˣҪɱң˲Źģ
ˣǲҲͰˡkңҾ˵kǣõkǳΪ֮·̤ʯ
ޱһצֱӽɱӡ顣
صӡ֣ɱԼ㱾Դֱӷӡ
ǳ׹䡢ѪաǷ֮һӿ
ɱˣ
ô
֮潫ɱɵˣ

ǷǿɱҲӿһ˿˿⡣
ħ
ײе֮棡ȻһҪײУkҪɱħô죿
ħǷ֮вϸ׹ľսһ첻µزµĵkҲһ˿˿⡣
Ƿͷ֮⣬ЩԵʧܵߣҲɱ顣
ЩڽвƸҲͳͳѹΡ
Ļе֮ЩǶսս򣬸ΪС
ڶʱ֮ڣԴӶ˴󲿷ֱ֮ӴĻеŴӷ֮ʧ
֮λ档
һ޴ʵ֮ڣһʵ֮УǼ
ϣ
һ˿˿ǹҫǼһ³ǰ֮ɡ
㣡
΢΢һЦָһһĦʯֱӷǼС
Ħʯ֮УҲ֮ԴҲɱӰħı֮вŷĦʯ


1454 ֮
лϣ
ǼһĨϲ֮ɫһ˿˿ռҫһ޴߼ֱӸ֡k΢΢һΣֱûһ߼֮ڡ
һ߼عâ΢΢ҫһӡʼ֣Ű˼ؽ
һӣ֮ӶԴϷɳûһ߼֮ڡ
һޱȵӡ߼֮л֡
âҫһ߼ؿʼ
ʱţת˲š
濴һ͵İ˼أһĨâһ֣ǱӡɱԼӴޱȵ㱾Դͬһûһ˼֮ڡ
һ˼ɱԼ㱾Դ֮ʱų貵Ĺâ
ǲ֮λ֮ڣһ籩һɿֲޱȵгǰ˼Ϸ
֮һ֮
ԭˣ

ЩʥߡһӦǿֲޱȵɻʳһʮֵҲûʲô֮ɫ
лϴ
һ˼ֱſǼӰ˼֮֮߳ޱȵɣ浥ϥ¹
濴ǼһۣһĨ֮ɫܺãڵʵѾ죡һ˶Դ㣡
һλ죬Ƿ֮УӵޱȵԴ治ɱԼ㱾ԴǼͬʱĵرϡԴȫǼϣõkһ죬Ϊ켶Ŀֲڡ
ڸõkˣ
һ֮棬ֱӴ͵һ޴ʵ֮ڡ
Ǿ޴ʵ֮ڣһīͬӰ֮еİ˼ء
һָһֲޱȵֱûһ˼֮ڡ
һ˼عâ΢΢һһӡֱӸ֡
Բ֮ڣٴһֲޱȵ籩γһУ
֮Ƴһ֮ˣ
֮ײˣ

ħ֮ϣЩʿ໥ģѾֲ֡
ЩǿһĬ·һɽѹڵkǵͷ
ÿƳһ֮ζʿ֮жһ̡䣬k֮Ҳʿ㣬ǳưԡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһӰ֮еİ˼ֱӴ򿪡
ǴһɫӰŵĲǰ˼֮߳ϴһ˿Цݣһ¹ǰϣ
濴Ӱһۣ¶һ˿ЦݣʵҲﵽ죡
һ˿˿΢΢һǼߣһѹӵk֮лɫӰʾ
Ӱ֮ȻһЦϣҽ죡
ɣ
Ӱ΢΢һЦ֮һһħֱڵkü֮и֡
һɺޱߵ㲨ɢȥ
һλ㣬ȵӰ֮ڡ
һɫĹâһ׹Ӱ֮ڣγӰΣӰӰȥ
Ӱ̿ʹӰֳ֮ذףӰֱӴȥ

ӰֱһָӰһӰ̿͸ոսͱ飬ޱȵûkڡ
ʲôˣΪʲôӰ
һӰ΢΢һһŻɫֳۣذ׵Ӱ״ֱ֮Ӹ֣Ӱ
ӰЦӯӯȻɱ㣬ȡӰԴӽ棬ƿӰԴֻһң
ôĿȻҴҵӰǾȥɣ
һӰ׺ȻһЦһӰӰı֣һֻӰΪһذֱӰȥ
һӰҲһǿǿߣӰ֮ڣһʿǿҲԴɱ
ûõģΪӵ㱾ʣ
Ӱ΢΢һЦƾһӰһذ״ԼڣȻһָһӰ׵ü֮ϡ
һӰһһĨ֮ɫ΢΢һֱӱ촷ʧ
ͬһʱ䣬һӰ֮УӰֱӳ֣ЩӰ֮ͳͳɱ˵kǵӰ
ʿ֮һӰ֮֮󣬲֮λ淽Բٴһֲޱȵ籩һֲޱȵĹûӰڡ
ӰϢһ˲ܽһͻƣ졣
ǼһĻ΢΢һһһﲻ
ӰȻһЦǼȻĿ΢΢һһ߿ȥ
ʿ֮УԲ֮һһֲޱȵķ籩һޱȵֱûڵĻ֮ڡ
һ֮
֮˰ɣ
Ѿϡˣ

ħ֮Уʿ໥Ц
һ졢졢ʮ졢һꡢʮ꣡
֮е籩ʮ꣬ʮ֮ڣһûͣЪԴԴϵûڵİ˼֮ڡ
Ҳվİ˼֮ǰĬĬĽ֮ѹεĸԴ϶kõkɽ
ʮ֮ڲ֮λ֮ϵڻɢȥ
ʧˣ
ʮˣȻʮ꣬죡
һ֮Գеı

ħ֮Уʿ۷׷ס˷ܡ
ĸɢУЦ˾
֮ͨҲʱ䡣׵Ȼʮʱ䣬kǿԳǿߵ
ʵ֮ڣһ˼ش򿪣һ֣ӢˬӰ˼֮֮߳޵еİȻһЦϣ
칦أϣ
һϢֱԺ֮и֣칦طһϷ׷׸֡
һ֮󣬼Ҳͬ˷츲صĿֲ仯ʱӰǼϼ֮ļҲԶԶȲϵkͷ
һöصľ֮ĽҲ
һĨ֮ɫ칦Ҳˡֻ㹻ԴˣֻҪԴ㣬Ҿܹһ·죡
ħ
һ˿˿ҫһֻӴޱȵǼʽʮͻأĳħ֮⣬һħΧǳ֮ϣһſǳƬ
֮棬㾹ȻҵĽҰѵҪ𣿡
֮һ³ǾħͶӰڵkͬŶʮߵӰ
һͶӰĿǽ֮׵濴ȥһĨɵ֮ɫ
ɨ죬ΪһʧŹ˾ħ
ħɵ棬ǴߡkĲԼҲѾøߴʮ
ɨǶʮһۣһЦħڳһüȻͳͳҪ
ħɭһЦƵ㣬ֵģħǾһս


1455 ħ
ãҾħɱ㣡
ɱһţһָ
ǳ֮ӿûΧǣһſǳħֱ׹䡣
ǻһطǳ
һЩǳ׹ħ򣬾ͿԽħ֮еǻͳͳɱһ
һŭ𣡣
֮棬̫ˣ
һͷâһӡҫǣħɽ֮Ĺֱӷɳγһֲޱȵľ޶ܡ
һ峤ߴɫſһ磬һɫĹû񷣬һſǳֱ¡
һ߸ʩչɱط֮йȥһſǳ顣
ɱkǣ
âһһֱӷħ֮ڣһӡ֮ޡݺݵĺһͷĹ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһͷ䱳ϵĹֱӱǡ֮ޡֱӳ£ֱӺķѡ
ǡ֮ޡѪһӲĽͷӡֱӳһʣֱӽ顣

ͷһĨ֮ɫһޱȵĲҽУ׹䣬һʬ塣
ǳ׹䡢Ѫաﱯˣһ³˷֮С
䣡
֮棡
kǿħ򣡣
ǿһ켶ǿߵĽȻǿ
ħħ֮ڣԿĿֲڡkȻǿħ

һ˷ǿߵĹעЩǶʩչطԽ򣬿ħ֮ڷһС
֣ɱ˵k
ħ֮󣬶ʱŭ
ǶʮǶ׷ʩչɱط㹥ȥ
Ŀ΢΢һһ˿˿ҫʮʥͽȻ֡
صӡҫʮʥͽһ±ĿֲϢǶʮ߹ɱȥ
죡ôܣôôǿߣ
һâһɫĶǴһĨ֮ɫֱӱն顣
һ֮ޡֱһɫǴߵӡֱӳֱӽ飬һӡ֣ɫǴߵӡֱɡ
һһԼʮʥͽΧ֮£һһ򱬡
֮棬
ħâһһŭȡһ׹Ȩȡ
ǰ׹Ȩһ֣ħ˷۶
ħ·ؿѣһ߳ʮɢΨҶԵϢħֱӸ֡
ħ֮ϣɢĿֲ
һħǾǾħһ֮лõıħǡǾħյ̡
Ϊάһħǵ֮ÿһǾħҪķѴԴʯб
ħÿһĳɱһħգάһħǵԡ
ʱһħ΢΢һӡ֣һĿֲϢ
ĵƣܲϧ㱾̫ˣȥɣ
һʱǾħǰ֣ʱֱ֮âʩչ칦һȭžħȥ
ӡ֣γһ޼᲻ݣﲻƣᴩ񷣬һеĿֲ̣žħֱӺȥ
һħȻֲޱȣɱϾֻһʬǣһ㣬һ㣬ҷ˵ҲȽϻ
״ḥ̂
ħâҫȡħֱӺһơ
ͷޱȵħӰȻ֣µأŤתǳֱӺΪһ壬γһͷѹµ޵ħ
һͷ峤һ޵ħâֱݺȥ
һ춯صľ֮Уһһ޵ħصֱӹᴩ
޵ħһ춯صŭ֮΢΢ģֱըѿ
ǿֲޱȵıը˷ɢȥֱӽħֱɡ
֮棬ħ֮У㣬Ҳɱң
ħһĨ֮ɫ³һѪЦԴԴϵ֮ûkڣõkһ˲ȫָ
ǾħȻǿߣ֮УһǿҲɱk
΢΢һ¶һϷʵЦݣ𣿿ϧҪˣ
ħһĻӿһ˿˿ԤС
һӰ΢΢һɲ֮䣬һӰì͹ᴩ˾ħ巨磬˵k֮С
ӰӡֱӸ֣ھħ֮ʴͷħ塣
ħ㾹ȻҶҼϳԲѷǾȥ
ӰЦӯӯվǾħ󣬷绪ɷ

ħһĨ֮ɫŭХӶƣݺݵӰֱȥ
ֻһֻҪǾħһħ֮ʬпܻԼµĻеšеһжӰһìֱӴˡ
һ˲ƣھħǰ̽צһץһ˾ħڣӲĽǾħӡǳ˳
֮棬ҪɱңһҿΪЧһ᳼㣬ΪЧһɣ
ħһԼӡǱһĨ֮ɫҽе
ڳ˭Ի㣬
һĨɱһЦֱһ󣬽ħӡֱ顣

ħһĨ֮ɫһҽУ˫֮ʧȥеɣһʬ塣
ǼңΪЧҾͿһ
濴֮Уɱһۣ
ǵʵۣħ֮Щ߾ֻбɱķݡһʮ߱Ƶ˾ȼӡǷһԿԶɾ޴ʧ
ɱϣռҽ򣬻ͶΪЧ룡ͬھɣ
һԳâһʼȼӡǣһɺޱȵڵk֮
ҪͬھҲҪͬھıǮжһ㣡
һЦһӰìֱӴԳߵ࣬Ӱӡ֣ӡһԳߵ֮
һ֮ޡԳߵͷ­֮ϣֱӽԳֱӺ飬˳һkӡֱһɷ顣
ҷ֮Ը

Գ䣬дʮһĨ־֮ɫԥһ£ֱѡͶ
ʮ֮УҲвħߡkҲԼɱ֮ǰkڵĽ֮Уɱkһ飬õk䡣


1456 Ǳ
ţΰ֮˽Ҫٰǧ硣ǿ׼Ϊΰ֮º١ͳͳնǣˣǵúٵʱҪǵıش׳һΣʮ֮ڣҪٵڶΣ
һŭʨһſڴһɿֲޱȵ˷ɢȥ
٣֮ҪҪԴ
ô죿ֻĻᱻkֱ̤ƽ
ħɱӰħͷˣûܹk
ħֱӵħ򣬶֮նɱƾʲô
ڵkֻʮѹһΣܡ

֮УһǿޱȵϵĻصӿһ˿˿Ρ
֮ħ֮Уٰһʢޱȵ硣
֮еǶ׷׳ϯ磬Լյϡ
ͷԴѹһ֮ûκԥЩڷշڷ죬ԼkЩҪս뿪˷졣
ǲʥ֮ڣ
һ֮λ벨ʥĽ紦濴Զޱȵ֮һĨ֮ɫ
ʥλڹϷ֮ޱȣÿһ֮ڶɢϢȻһ壬֮
һĨ֮ɫħ֮аƽ֮𣿡
һ·֮ϣħ֮ƵĴ󴩹һľڣ˲ʥľ֮ǰ
ħ֮ʮˬûаգʥ֮ڣǿ߲ܹ֮ڡ֮⣬ͱӵʵĴرҵûдﵽǸ̶ȡоʮ꣬ҲܹƳ֮ڵĴûа취
ʮʥ֮ס콾ľڣ콾ʮʥѰ֮ĵ·֮
֮Уκεط졣Ҫ֮ߴ˵֮еʣֻʮʥ̺֮ĴԵ
ֻܹӳˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ԭʧ
һĺ԰֮ڡ
һ˿˿ҫŮ֮߳ߣϣ
浭£ôˣ
Ůϣ֮Уʸ벨ʥֻһ֮ҫһ֮֮ҫŵkʹӻع鲨ʥ졣
֮ҫʵǲʥ֮еһ֮е֮ҫֻǵkǵһ֧
һĨâʹӣʮʥ֮лߣ߲繷
߱ÿһһ֮еľ콾һĿֲڡȻӵΪˣֱƿֲ
浭Ǿͽһƻ
Ůǣϣ
һ¥¥
¥֮УӵŮֻҪ㹻ԴʯԴܳأ߼ĿŮҲԹȴ
Ṳ̊¥֮Уһһ켶Ŀֲӵk֮
һ˲ĿֲϢ¥֮д˻Ů
һ˿˿ҫһ𷢱ۣĸߴ࣬ޱȵӴ¥֮߳΢΢һЦλãŷģ¥ʲô£
ŮȻһЦֱӽöԴʯŷĵУãŷģҽбգ⣬һ棬ϣΪʹ֮һ벨ʥ졣
ŷһĨâЦԵȡ
ŮȻһЦ¥һ䷿֮С
ûãһһͷ𷢣ͷϳһֻǣһɫ磬òӢ䣬ϴŸ߸ϵĽ˻ŮǰһĨ֮ɫգ˵ΪҼʹ֮һ벨ʥ죡
Ů΢΢һЦָһһöռָУûһΡһļԴܳأ¡
ԴҲֵȼһһԴܳؿһһǾżԴܹܳһ
һļԴܳҲѹ֮ƶɵıҲֻ
ļԴܳأ
һĨ֮ɫkҲֻһߡһļԴܳأȫõkʮΡ
ｫļԴܳɨ˻ŮһۣһĨϷ֮ɫȻãҴӦ㣬˵
Ҳһ˰ˡô룬Ϊʹӣ
һĨ֮ɫŻŮͬڿһ
֪߿벨ʥ죬ѰҸǿĻԵﵱҲǺľԴҪΪΪһ꣬ųΪˡkȻûбûŮΪˡ
һ˲䣬һӰ΢΢һһӰìͬһֱӴڣӡֱӸ֣ûڡ
ֲޱȵӰӡ֣׾ٵķĵֿkֱӷӡѹ
һҫֱӳǰָһţӡӡ֣ڣkֱѹӡⶪһ֮ڡ
ϵġסһŤֱӱ仯Ϊһģһ겨Ҳһޡ
Ů֮һĨ֮ɫһģһ棡
Ůһߣǿޱȣkܹ׿ơǵkȻǿڵkǰһģһ㲨Ϣ޶£ֱƿֲ
ӰȻһЦеϢһ汳Ӱ档
ٺ٣СˣЩԴɣٵŮū꣬ҾͰ㣬Ϊū͡
Ȼ٬һЦ֮г˶⡣
ŮҲͬŮӰҧгݵ꣡ԲУȻˣ㻹ҵԴܳأ
ɭȻһЦȻ㲻ԸңǾ͸ҹҲͲҪˣԹԵ¥ɣ
ãߣ
Ůһҧϳ˲ʣֱȥ
ˣϲնһֻ򣡣
һ˿˿ҫŷֱӳǷ֮У΢΢һЦ
һ֣ԴʯûŷĵУģ
ˣ
ټ
뿪¥ֱ֮ӻص֮ҫء
ȻˣɱϾһߣ֮ҫ֮ͬӵԼĹԼˡ
Ƿĵ͸ߴʮˣʥߵǸߴǧˡ
αװΪ֮ҫǱоһУĵȴŽ벨ʥĻᡣ
ʱţһת˲š
߱һ㳡֮ϣǹ㳡֮ϣͣһҳǧӡĴ


1457 
Ǿ޴ޱȵĹ㳡֮ϣվߡߡʥʿֱʥ߲繷ߡ
λĸ֮УʥʿҲԳΪһҲԳΪһ֮ʮʥ֮ڵǿ֮Уʥߡ߶ֻǵkǵūͣһµū͡
һâҫһһ㾧Ө֮Уһͷɫò׵ӽ̤һ֮ڡ
ӵվŮͷǣŮȴǹɫ㣬ס
һ˿˿ĲŮϴkȻǿԳΪλһͷǿߡ
Ŀ΢΢һǵǿ߶ܹ
ǿȫԳưһλ졣һǿ߽׾λ죬ȫԺλ졣Щλȼӡǣܹشk
μ
ڳ΢΢һ
ߡʥʿֱӹ˵Ϲ
̣
ߵ̨֮ϣϣɨ·һֱۣӴǴ֮ڡ
ŽһҴ
ǴڲĿռ伫ΪȵҪЩһޱȵĹС
ÿһ߶ռһϢ
Ķ߼ˣ׷ǧ꣬ȻӵΪȻûʸΪˡ
ҲΪ⣬Ĵǹ֮
֮һҴǲʥ֮֮ǰ
һҴ֮йâһһ̺Źâ¾׵ķֱӸ֡
֮֮Уһ´һӣƾǴ˽ȥ
ͨӡǣʥ֮ǿߴͨӡǡûһöͨӡǣһҴҲ޷롣
Ǵ֮ڣĿһĻһĨ֮ɫ
ý벨ʥĻᣬǴĹ壬ԼһҴɴ硣
һһͨӡǣǸܡƳһģһĴҲ޷벨ʥ졣
֮ڣһ޴ޱߣ޾ǳǰ
һž޴ޱߣ޾ǳǲʥ챾塣
ǲʥ֮⣬ͬӵǳǳ֮УҲסŸ塣
һҴһֱӷ˲ʥ֮ڡ
Ǵһ벨ʥ죬һֱ裬һƬ಻ĹȺϷ
룡
һޱȵӵһΪŮǹȺϷһҴȻһЦ
Լk˴Ǵ֮߳һһΪŮ˹֮ڡ
һҴֱӽٵһ֮ڣͣ
ǲʥ죡ʥ죡ԴŨ˼㣡ֻܹ֮ɾܹ׵ߣ
ǽ֮߳һһĨâ
ʥԴŨ˼㣬ԶԶ
׾ԴŨǲ֮λİٱϡԴŨǰٱϡʥԴŨǹһ򱶡
ζⲨʥԴŨǲ֮λһڱ
ڲ֮λɻʳ룬ӵµĴ󣬿ɲ֮λŨȿʿһŨԴŨҲ޷벨ʥȣͷȲϡ
ֲЩ߾ΪūҲҪ벨ʥ죡һʥأһñ
һĨâΧһۣһƯӻˡ
Щӻ֮ƶɵĻˣӵĹܣ׵ɸֽ硣
ǸߵһΪŮ˹߸ϵɨһۣһĨ桢顢١Ǽ
ǣС㣡
˶
һŮΪ񣬲ӵΪһ谮Ů֮һǴŭkЩҲᱻɱ
󣬴ػȣһ֮ڡ
Ǵ֮ڵλ֮ϣһһ£һͷڷͷϳһֻǣɻԸУɢϢ绪ľŮ
һλǿɽĿŮ
һڴλ֮ϵһɫ㣬΢΢һ
һν벨ʥ죬ΪһλŮס
ƹǲʥ֮Ĵ֮һӵϹ򣬵ޱȣǲʥ֮ΪֲĴ֮һŮǷƹ֮еĵӵܡ
ɽŮŮųҪļһǲʥ֮ӢܶŷǰףҲ֮һ
ǿսūһȺǣūͷҲ
Ǵһԣһһͷɫͷ֮ƣ׵ɨһһۣһЦ
Ǵߣǰ׵ĲʥkǶһЦĿһĻ
ɱ˭Ƿս֪
ȥɱkֻҪܹɱkǣҾʹһ칦
Ǵһָ
Ǵ룬һɱĽǶ
֮УЩϲԼսūɱۿkǵɱÿ֡
µʹӣ󲿷ֶǵkսūҲһֲֻޱȵս
лϣ
ĴһĨϲ֮ɫֱӵϥڵϣֻ滯ȻȻվǰ
ҿɲսūллһ̣ҽ벨ʥ죡
һ˿˿ҫߵǰֱֳ
ɱһĨâЦһԼ˱滻Ҳ֪һ֮еķ
ôĹȻƭң㣬
Ŀ磬һϣг޾ɱһ㣬һ쵶ֱӸ֣̺նһеն壬ݺնȥ

Щ¼ĶҪ͵ɵҲʥ죬ǲ֪
kˣ

ڳĸЦĿһĻ·ڿһ֡һǿߣkһ֣ûмֵܹס
浭ȻһЦѵú˵һˣôôѣ
ıӰֱֳ֡Ӱìʮͻأһìֱ̳Ӵ֮ϣᴩĻ磬һ´ڡ


1458 

÷ԼߵһĨâʩչǿޱȵĹɱֱӺȥ

ӡ֮и֣һ޵а֮ȭ
ǳȻ֣Żһе⣬һУ÷Լߵϣֱɡ
һ˿Ĺâ΢΢һһ³ǰһץץС
һп쵽˼㣬һɲǣѾС
ڿԺú˵𣿡
ץȻһЦķʮ
Ǵ֮УԸĶ棬һĨâ
һǿߣ֮ҲǰʮĿֲڡ˼򵥾ͱѹʾֲޱȵʵ
㣡¼ūȥɣ
ɱһĨâȻʩչطɱ칦
һɲ֮䣬һ޾Ŀֲɱ֣¡¡ߡ
׵֮еֱ֮и֣źš
һŻ𡢴Ŀֲ׽֮зɳᴩ񷣬ֱնȥ
ɱ칦ɱ׳ǵ칦Ȼ
һնɱǿߣ
ɱ

Ǵ֮ڣǼһĻһĨ֮ɫ
ɱһڴ֮Ҳֻȼܹס
ɱҪɱôĹ
浭һЦһ˿˿ޱȵǣֱӷɳһնĿֲ׽֮ǰ
ã
ɱԼǰ΢΢һȻͣ˫ﻥ̣Ҷսū໥ɱĶɶԸ˺Ƥ
һɱնɱô˫²ɻһȻԴܳٴ궼ǰһ
һ䣬ԴܳأҪȹָ̣̬죬ҲҪʮꡣ
һӡ֣һֲޱȵ׽ֱӱ
һȭɱ֮ϣֱֲӱֱӽɱɣһײ˴֮ϣͷѡ
ӹһĨ֮ɫȻûб飬ⲨʥȻ
Ҫ
׹⻷ƣһ˲ɱϵƾѾȫָkͬһͷŭһ㣬׹ӿֲޱȵɱͬһӿϯķ
ɱĿ֮¶ӣѾʼҲ˲һֻɱ档
Ŀ΢΢һҲһĨ׿Եɱ⡣
һ仰סְɣ
һǴ֮ϴͬһ峺ޱȵûɱ顣
ʲôط
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫĸ֪Լɱͬһֱʧ
ǿ
ǹĿŮһۣһĨ֮ɫ
Ů΢΢һЦɷǿŮγƺ
΢Ц֮档
ŮȻһЦ֮棬֮֮䣬Ҳûл𡣲¾ʹ˽ҹΣҿһƿ¶
Ŀ˸ĿһۣɱһţãŮ֮ϣ¾ʹ˽ҹ
һ֣ӰջˡӰìЦվ
ǹ֮УӵĿⶼӰϣһĨ֮ɫ
֮УҲǶǿߣĿֲڡӰȻܹɵĴɱkʵֱƿֲټӰ޾ףֶصķˣҲڳʵ
ͷ֮һĨâĵһۣصԼλ֮¡
֮棬ϯ
ŮһӣһɫĹâһһˮֱӸ֣ˮ֮ϰ˸ħơ
ǲʥ죬Ȼôݳޣ
ϯ֮ĿЩ΢΢һɨһĨâ
ʿ֮УǼѾ˵ıһ֣ͻǿߴͷ
Ⲩʥ֮УֻЩŮд͵Ĺӣ֮ɼһߡ
ʿһ߶ʮѣ֮УһʹӣΪĲֲ̫һ㼶֮ϡ
ϯֱ֮ӴԴȣҽЩĹ£ԼĴ֮ڡ
ʿ֮УһǶһ޶ĴڡǵkǱٵkǵӸܳΪڶ
粻ֻͬҪӵгԴһĹȫҲΪһ
ȻһĹΪһҪĵʱ䡢ԴΪֲֻĴܹ
Ӽݵ
һ洫һһͷɫѩ񣬿׵һ̤֮ڡ
֮󣬸ˣÿһ϶ɢſֲޱȵϢ
ӣ̫ʥ֮еӡ
ӣk̫ʥ֮ǿ콾֮һ˵֮Уϣ׳Ϊͷ

һӣڳһĨ֮ɫ
֮Уǿ֮߱Ϊͷÿһѹһĵ̣Ҳһͷ
ڳһҲǽ졣ڽ죬kǼûʲôϣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һصӡȻ֣ϢʧҲһ˿˿Ĳϱ仯ӣ⣡
ӵһ˺Ȼ̧ͷĿһۣ޾Թ׺
׺һЦֱӴӡ
Ŀһɨ΢΢һ㶣ϣ¶һЦݡ
ӵһЦŮҪˣУ塣ֻҪkǣǷһ飬ҿԽͷֵĻø㣡
ͷ֣
һڳʱɫ䣬һḬ֮̃ɫ
ǾͷһʥأǱ֮ӵвʥͷ֮µĴС
ʥĶҲͣʮܹһΡ
ͷֵĻᣬ˵Ϊ󣬼ˡӾȻҪøŮһ˫ųҫ۵Ĺâ
Ů֮һĨâϵãҴӦˣ


1459 Ա
Ϊң־ܺòã
Ůһۣ֮һޱȵĲƣﰧ
һ˲䣬ԭ˵ĿŮһ򱶡
ã
濴ǿŮһһĨ֮ɫճմĴϯλ֮վһſŮȥ
Ů칦Ȼ鴫
Ů칦˻ô֣ͬҲ˳ԣԶ٣

ǸǶɫ΢΢һ䣬ʹͷϳһ磬Ҷ࿴ǿŮһۡ
ǸȻΪŮɷ򣬿ȴԸǿŮ칦ΪĿܡ
ŮȻ
Ǵ֮ڣΨǷʵһ͵ĿſŮȫӿŮչֳ˿ֲޱȵʵ
澭ɱǰ֮ʱȻһĨ¶һϷʵЦݣָһţͬһ㣬ɱֱץȥ
֮棬ôĹ
ɱȻ̧ͷ˫֮âһצſֲޱȵ׹УֱӺȥ
һӰɱԾӰֳ֡Ӱì˺Ѳ񷣬һìֱӴɱڡ
Ӱӡɢɱеͳͳѹӡ
ôܣ
ɱһ˼飬ӰԭڵλÿȥǸطһӰ
һӰɱչһЦһɫӰʧ
ɱһӰ
һץͽɱֱץУȵɱҵУߣҾɱ˵k
Ů֮һĨûбҵĿŮ칦Իôܣ
ǿŮ칦·ǷǿŮͷ칦֮в칦Լĵ·ǸԵֵǿŮ칦
΢΢һЦΪ̫ˣ
̫ˣ֮棬
ŮŴԣ֮һĨŭɫ׵΢΢ЩŤһĿֱֲӱһָ¡
һɲ֮䣬Ϊ֮Ť̮̺Żһеȥ
һֲָףȴ˾
Ȼǿ涼һָһ˲
һӰ֮˿Ķ΢΢һ̣һɾʹֱӽǿŮ칦֮
ֵģɱɱ
ɭһЦȻˣɱǱץУſŮһֱָӵȥ
㣬޳ܣ
Ůɫ䣬һҧǿɱĿֲһֱָӱ
¡
ӰһìǴǽ֮ϣǽֱӺһֲޱȵĴ󶴡
΢΢һΣһ⣬ǿֲޱȵĴֱ֮ȥ
Ǵ֮վӡʵɲ⣬һkһΣյԤоӿͷǸ
ŮҲӦɹ֮ж֡˶̫Ҫֻܹʧˣ
ǿ׵΢΢һֱ̾һһɿֲޱȵħ滷ڵkΧһɺޱߣĿֲϢһӿ
һҫӾͬ˲һ㣬ǰֱӺһȭ
һȭ±ǳ𣬷·һǧ̫һ˲ȼռֱӱһЩ΢Сһ棬пܱһȭɷ顣
죡
ɫ䣬һ֣ɱֱӸԼǰһȭֱײȥ
Բɱһ⳥ʧ
һ̾飬һȭɱ֮ϣɱֱӺķѡ
ֲޱȵĻ֮һɱͱֱӷգҽƮɢ
һȭɱɱ·ȼϣøӿֲ޵Уֱȥ
Ǽ
üͷ΢΢һ
һ˿˿ҫǼֱӳǰеľ޶ǣǳǳ壬ǰ
飡
Ŀ䣬޾ɱ⣬һȭǳ֮ϡ
·̫һ˲ըѿһ㣬һɺޱߵĿֲΰֱӽǳ޶ܺɷ顣
ֲޱȵĻ֮һǼϣֱӺɡȼա
ӣǿߣ̫ǿˣ
ǿֲޱȵĻ֮֮зգɺڶոո֣ͱǻ֮׷մ
Ȼܹסһ㻹е㱾£ϧ壬ֻ·һ
кâһǰһһݺȥ
޾Ļֱ֮Ӹ֣ݺݺȥѹһС
ۼҪѹһɫĹâҫһɢֲħȻ֣޴һģѹǺӣһУӺȥ
󵨣
˫֮âһŭһźǾ޴ħ֮ϡ
¡
Ϊħǿ̵ħһ±ɳ֮ѷ촦ƬƬĻֱ֮ӷһħǡ
һ˲䣬Ѿӳ֮ң
׷Ϳһħ֮ӡ֣һɺޱߡһе˲䱬ɹֱɡ

Աǿߺǣ
֮

ǿɹ֮Уһŭޱȵһǿޱȵķֱſ
ֻһħǿߣ־ħָ֮죬Ա澪춯أֲ˼㡣
һԱ֮УͳͳΪУһ߱ǿֲԱɣҳ
ԱĹâɢȥ֮һŻǹâ֮и֣ǻ֮Ӻˣ·Աûиkκ˺
ֻǸǰĴ֮УѾҽʧֻ׺һ˽һ
һҫǿŮһƬ֮зɳԭͬ˼ɾĿɹһƬ棬˫֮һɢһԹ޵ĹâҧгݵӣҪһû꣡
ɹ֮Уǿս͡ǾϵħԱһ½޷ǿֱɱ
ȻЩ䣬ҲʧأҪʮԼԴָܹȫʢ֮ˡ
Ǽʮŭ𣬿ŮֵסѾӵӰ٣ܹÿŮйŭģҲΨӡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ŮġֻҪҺг⣬һͬ⡣֮ҪҵСһ֮
ǲʥ̫ʥ죬ʵ죬ӵΪסͬҪŮkⲨʥ֮Ҳ粽УҲټ


1460 ҿպ
ŮһĨԹ֮ɫҧгݵãǸȻһҿɹҾԲŹ
Ǹǿɹ֮һΣǸΪ֮ŭ
塢ɹ˾޴ĴŰס˸
Ǹ漤ŭɳ֣׷档
һ֮
ʥ챱һƫƧСһĳǱ֮ڡ
Ļ֮׹Ȼ
һ԰֮Уһſڣֱ³һ̺ŻϢĻ֮ס
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǻ֮Уһǻ֮׵
ϣס֮ӡ֣һ˿˿ĽڵĻ֮ɡ
һصĹâҫӡʧڵĻ֮Ҳɵһɶ
һĨâķһµʱ䣬Žǻ֮ȫǿ߹Ȼ£
澫ͨطһһǿߣͷ£౻ᴩƶһ˲ϡ
ǻ֮׾ȻҪķһµʱϣǻ֮׵֮ǿֱ졣
Ǽϧˣʱ޷ˣ
ԼڵĴ֮пһۣһĨϧ֮ɫ
ڵĴ֮УǼϷһſǳһǳ֮Щǳ֮䣬ǻ֮ײš
Ǽ浲סӱɱһڵĻ֮ҲԶԶ档Ȼkӵ켶ĿֲȻԽǻ֮׾
ʵǼ죬kͱǻ֮ճɻҽ
ǼӰ֮ӵпֲޱȣߵսǵkǱϾߡһkǱݻ٣ˣӵĻᡣ
һĨĹ⣺Ѿﲨʥ죬ڵ֮ȥȡضıءֻл˶ıأҲܹӵ㹻Դ͵̣׳Ϊͷ
ʥҿպ
һƬŻҡ졢Ŀֲ
һǧǰ֮ͳҿպ֮ɱǿ䣬ͷ㣬֮Ѫ񷡣
ΪЩǿߵɱҿպһޱȵľءκµĴһӽҿպֻ·һ
߿ԽҿպǾͷҿպһ֮µĽҲᱻгƬֱ䡣
ҿպ֮У֮۵رѱkߣֻʣһµkǿ۵Ķ
Щ֮۵Ķǿ˵ȴѵһ䡣
ÿһ궼ǰҿպ֮ðգҿպ֮лñʮǰҿպ֮лһͷĴУһԾΪ˲ʥ֮еһǿߡ
ҿպΧһ˿˿ҫֱӳ֡
ҿպ
ҿպһۣüͷ΢΢һ塣
ҿպ֮УһƬŨޱȵĺɫħ֮ڡ
ӴޱȵǺɫħһɨȴǺɫħһ˿
潫֮ţͻᱻǺɫħһ˿˿ɡ
һһԴλѣҽаףǲҪҿպڵ
һͷһɫ۵ϴЦݳߡ
ҿպڵҿպ֮һȽϰȫľݵ֮һ
ҿպھð֮󣬶صڵһݵ֮
浭û
һЦʮԴʯҿԴڵ
һ֣һָͷ˰С

һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһԷȥ
ԼɳһһҺֱӸ֡
һ̤һҺۣͿǺ֮ϻˡ
֮Уһͷߡһߡһ𷢱ۣ׵ߡһоųƣȴžŸ۾ߡһһͷϷͷϳһֻǣԸУò޾ףȴɢһɱɽϢߡ
ɨһۣһߡ
һᣬ⣬ɢһɿֲϢߡ
ڣˣߣĿڵ
׿һˣһЦָһһɫĹâһҺ֮и֡
һҺһ³һ΢΢һģһɿֲޱȵ쫷绷ƣһҷҿպֱӷȥ
һعޱȵħǺӿǺ֮ſĽֱӵס

ɱɱɱ
Ҳ

һǹޱȵħ֮УһޱȡĲҽд˷ֱûߵС
һ̾޺ţ˵֮УʱԹ֮Ĵս֮УЩߣˣ
ӵвԣ֮Ҳ֮֮ΪֲһڵkУǿɾˣӡҲ
ʮʥ֮ս֮Уǲʿʥߡߣڻңͼڻҡ
һǺ֮иߵϸ֣ЩԹİ֮
ˣôȥ
һԹħ֮ӿһ˺ۣȼڻ棬ŤͷϹǶѵĿֲ˴޾ɱһ
һһһɱĹˣǺ֮еɫ䣬ʼ׼һɱ
Ϊǿ꣬ûһ߲
Ҫ֣׹˵ԹһɱkͻиǿԹۺǰɱ֮λطˣ
ɫ䣬ӡ֣һסԼһˡ
۵ҲǾͨطǿߣʩչطסԼһʬ塣
ˣҲˣúãúã
һޱȵЦǹ˵ϸ֣kЦţ˫ĺѪ󲽴Ǻ֮д
ײרһģҿպ֮Уֳ˼οвĹ󣬶k׵ıܹ
ЩҲʶҿպ֮еֹΣաаʶ;ڣһ˽ҿպֻҪսвΣա
ʮ֮һ޴ޱȵĳгŨޱȵĺɫħ֮ڡ
Ǿ޴ĳ֮ڣһŸߴǧ֧ͬһľ޴
֦Ǿ޴֮ӿС
Ǿ޴֮ϵҶİĺڹ⣬ǿĺɫħ
һ˿˿âǾ޴Ĺ֮䣬ҫǸ֮ڣΪһΪڵľ޳Ǵһ˿˿
ǺڵڣеԴʯ
ǺڵһָȻתǺ֮ϵİ˴¶һޱȵЦݡ
һɫĹâҫʮߴһԷɳ䵽ԱߣһУЦ
һͷ־ŭףڵǲڸʲôѵºڵĳͷ𣿡


1461 鱨
ɭһЦûڵȻǺڵ֮⣡ϵıͳͳֻƣ
ͷһĨâӡ֣ȻͷĴڿֲޱȵĹâ֮УһǺ۵Ĵ֮ϡ
¡
Ǻ۵ĴڱͷֱӺ飬kҲһȥ
ӣ
һЦֱֳһӣվĸλ
ĸӹâҫ໥֯γһ޴ޱȵĽ硣
ͷһͷײǾ޴Ľ֮ϣǾ޴Ľ絯ɿ
ͷǻֻ֣ǲһ·
ŴԣɫǺ֮ϵļԶһ㡣
ǾȻң
âһţǰһһ˲䣬һӰڵk֣һֳʮӰ
ǾʮӰγһγһɢĿֲӰ
һһȭ̺ſֲޱȵѹŰ׵ֱӺȥ
׼һĻ¶һϷʵЦݣ
һ˲䣬һžſ߾Ÿһתһߣſ֮һŵâһºϡ
һĻһһǾŵâ壬һҽУ϶˾Ÿն
𱻰ҲâʩչǿޱȵĹɱطǽ𷢱۵Լһɽ˵ߺȥ

ǽ𷢱۵һĨâһ¸ֳһװɫսףֻɫǹ֮и֣һâǹ֮һ֮ϡ
ǹâ֮Ǿߵ屻һ󶴡
һͬɽ֮кâһһץһ޴սֱӳ֣һֱնȥ
һȺ
һЦһ֣ڵk߶׷׳֣ǿޱȵĹɱطֱӺȥ

һųֲޱȵľâǰһһʱӿһ˲Ƴǰǰ̽צһץŰֱץȥ
һצ̮ѹһС
һŭХһצֱӻһֻ˺λĿֲצֱץȥ
һʱһٶȻӿ죬һŤĿռ֮Ű׵צһkצӾһߡ
צһ´˰׵ڣ׾ٵ˺˰׵ķһɿֲޱȵֱ֮ӱֱɡ
һҽе죡ǿߣ
죡
kǿߣ

ЩΧŵɫ䣬ʿһ¶ҡ˼㡣
һӰ΢΢һһ˲Ƴһǰһ£ֱӽߺƬһɺڶֱӸֱ֣ɡ

ЩҲӲ֮һĻɫ䣬һ⣬˷ȥ
֮У˲ƣնɱ֮һ˸صһҺ֮ϡ
л˳ȣ
Ǻ֮ϣһ϶ƶһĨмǰ
ļҲǰһһл
˹𣿡
濴һòףһɫս׵һ΢΢һЦ
һ𷢱۵һ޹˹ˣҲ֪˵ʲô
Ȼ㲻ԸϣôҾԼļ䣡
浭ȻһЦָһţӡ֣ųһ˿˿ӡڹ⣬˺Ѳ񷣬ǽ𷢱۵ֱѹȥ
ȥ
һ𷢱۵ɫ䣬һ¸ֳʮɫǹһâҫʮǹֱ֮Ӻȥ
桢ѩ䡢硢ʮְ廯ʮѹһֱӺȥ
۾΢΢һظְ壡ǲ˼·
ֻҪԸѧϰͿ׵ոְ塣ǿİ壬ǵkǽ֮󣬷ӡİ壬Ҳǵkǵĵ·
𷢱۵øرظְ壬ӳǿޱȵս˼·۾΢΢һ
ϧ˼·Ǻõģ̫ˣ
ָһţһʮֱӱһ˳һǽ𷢱ߵͷ­֮ϡ
һֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ǽ𷢱ֱһɡ
һĻǺ֮ϲдļһɫʮѿһĿ档
ɨǺ֮ϲдļһۣЦЦԵޱȵҵĵˣɱҪҵĵˣҲȥ
ңң
Ǽɫ
Ƕ߰ɣ
ӻ֣Ǽ߾ɴһ㣬һźڵȥ
΢΢һΣҲֱû˺ڵ֮ڡ
Ȼʥߣϡ棡Ǻڵ֮еĽ磬ʥҲڴ˵ش
һڵ֮ڣͿʥߡߡЩʥߡڵ֮ж͵ȵĹ
Ǻڵ֮һƵס֮ڷ֮ǽ𷢱ߵļ䡣
ǽ𷢱ϣǶ֮һߣҲǶľŴ֮һ
˹ɱ֮󣬾ڶ֮ٴ
˹֮ޱȣͽڶ֮£ӡǶѾ顣
Ŵ߱ʵ൱γһƽ⡣˹֮߻˾޴ĺôʵ޴󣬾Ƕ֮֮ս
˴ڶ֮໥ɱߣǶֻʣ
ʱ涯һӴ֮лõľ淢֮ս
֮УֻһߣǾΨһ񡣿ȴһĿֲǿߡ
ǾŴֻ֣ҪԸпһսڣĶ֡
ĤĴڣѾɡ
һ͵ɽ沨ʥҿպΪ˻ûԵ׳ΪһǿߡһĤ飬ٶ棬ôֻ·һ
һĨϧ֮ɫһ鱨ϧڵʵ̫޷ս
֮ս˵ǽѣǴԵܹ֮սлʤĴԵһǿ߽졣
潫ǶһߣʼԼɰ߻õļϡ
˫һ¶һ˷ܵЦݣҿպȻΣգ˰ļ䣬ҵ˶صλãǲУ


1462 ı
Ȼ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫǣӺͿŮ
һٺڵ֮󣬾ͷųӻˣΪԼĶĿ
ЩӻƶɵˣͬӡǿرԷֵkǵĴڡ
ӣȷǰڵ
һԵķ֮ڣŮ֮ɱҧгݵ
һԱٵ˿ɹǲʥɱһΡÿŮʧأkں޲ͽ˺Ƭѹӡһ꣬ҹĥ
΢΢һЦǵȻҿպ֮УһͷıءǸصĵͼŴĵ塣ҪǸأͱضǰҿպ
Ů֮һĨâͷıأһͷıأֵ帶˴ĴۣͷֲĻҲó
ͷıضͨ˵Ȼֵˡͬӵͷ򣬼֮ӵӴޱȲƸһ˵kǲԽһʥ죬ǰʥѰͷıء
ӵȻ׹ıأ
Ů֮һĨâ׹ǿӽ֮޵оͷ֮һִƻȨܡk棬ʤ֮Ҳ޷ѹkȻǵkֲ徹ȻԸ⸶˴ĴۣǰѰҵkıء
߶֮Ϊͷͷ֮УҲŵȡǿͷͱ֮Ϊ޵оͷ
Щ޵оͷkǱԴ֮ӵв֮һնɱжߣܹkǵӡǣõkֱ䡣
ػҲһͷȴͨͷkҲҪٽһ׳Ϊ޵оͷҪ׹ĴлıءִͬƻȨܵһ壬׹Ĵϵkǵĵ·
ŮĿ΢΢˸ҿպ֮󣡣ܹҵ
Ƶ챦⾵⡾⾵֮зӡһ˿ϢֻҪҿպһ׷١ʵϣѾҿպڵߡ
΢΢һЦָһһƴСӡֱͭӳڵkС
Ŵԣɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫҵپȻѾ¶ˣȻ̫ʥ֮еĴ֮һ
ǿߣѾɱһΣ־ͨطնˣסϢ޷׷
еġ⾵ӡһ˿ϢȻܹλüֱ졣
Ůʮִͷ΢΢һתȻѾҵλãֲȥɱĪǰ׹ıأ
΢΢һЦû׹ıΣأԸ䵱ڻңΪѰ׹ıأôȻաҴ˵صĺڵ֮Ҳһ򵥵Ľɫѹ棬kһ֣Ҳʮ鷳
ڵλҿպ֮Уÿһ궼߽УѰһԵǺڵ֮ǿޱȣͱЩӿ˺Ƭ
ȻһǿߣȴҲԸڵ֮ѹ棬ڵ֮
ŮȻһЦӣ˼ܣ
һ֮໥ֿ
ŮصԼķ֮һȫεĿ֮Ƿ֮зɳʮֹĴƵ֮ʧǰһƵķ֮ڡ
Ǹ֮ڣһͷǣ˫֮гһͫһͷɫĿ࣬һа֮еӡ
Ůһ뷿䣬Цһһ񹧹ӣ
֮УִƻȨܵ಻ʤ̫ʥ֮е塢ʥ嶼еٮٮߡ
һͷǣͫǿ߾ӣҲһ֮Уϣ׳Ϊͷǿߡ
ŮǰΪ׹ıأ
˼׹ıأȷʵмֿܣ׹ҿպɱ⡣
һĨɱ벶ȸںҲʥ죬ΪҲʥһݴ񡣵ҵ׹ı֮͵kع̫ʥԴܳأ
̫ʥһ塢ʥ嶼ִƻ֮Ȩܵһ塣ʥжԣǿ֮ͬйϵ
Ҳû뵽ǿŮȻӹϵ֮ãͽk
һŷֿ
Ȼǲںڵ֣ôǾںڵһɣ
кâ΢΢һ֮һҫ֮߳һ»һӷ֮ʧ
ûãһâֱûҿպ֮ڡ
뿪ûκβÿһҿպ֮ж߽ҿպѰһԵ
ǰָ֮£һ·ܹޱȵһƬʮֿտʲô״ǿ֮С

һƬǿ֮У֮һĨâһһɫɢžӨԿ׾ͳڵkС
һɢžӨԿһųһ̵Ө⣬û֮С
һ¡¡֮Уһ޴ֱͭӸ֣򿪡
΢΢һΣһֱûһ֮ͭڡ
Ƕıأkıؾ
ΧһۣͿkһԴ֮ܵڡԴŨֱȲʥ߳ٱȻʩչطӴޱȵԴܷӡ֮С
ıأģ
Ŀ䣬һ֣ͬˮһ㣬˷ӿȥ顢
һ֮ⲻϵĸ֣Ƕ֮еĸֱﲻϵı͵ǰ
ǶıأΧҲ֮ıʮߣȫҵϣҲͻƣ׳Ϊ죡
ͨĿ⣬֮ջĸֱ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ջ˴ı֮󣬻һǱԿ׵ָ֮£Ǹȥ
һ޾ֵĻֱӸ֣ǰ
ǻ֮ףԷһеĻ֮ףƵ֮ףҲҪΪ
濴һƬ磬Ŀ΢΢һ
һƬ絲סǶ졣
ɣ㣡
̽죬ʹ˸ַ޷ԽһƬֵ硣΢΢һ
΢΢һΣޱȵԴǶıֱ֮뿪
һصߣǴӶ֮лõĸޱȵԴֱӶǼ޸
ӴޱȵԴ֮£Ǽѹסǻ֮ףʼת


1463 
ڵһרõ֮ڡ
һ˫ۣſһӶΧŪĸ־һûĿС
صӡϸ֣һɺޱߣֲޱȵϢһ´ӵk֮
ڤڤǣ֮£һ޴ޱȵںڵϷֱӸ֣һһûڡ
˽ˣ
Ϣ˽죡
ˣȻڵף
ҿպ֮л˾޴ĻԵ

Ǻڵ֮ϣһڵľƵ꿴ȥһĨĽ֮ɫ
ڵ֮ϴ󲿷ֵҲµĴڣһǿߣȫԳΪǿļڡ
һȻ죬ֲõkһֱںڵԭѾ˽׵ıԵ
ֳ֡⾵֮˿Ϊ
֮һ޴ĺ蹵죬ӵҲֻɲһϣҪ΢ЩֽŵĶ֡
죡Ľٶ̫ˣҾȻǵĵˣԲܹȥ
Ů֮еľһĨɭޱȵɱ
ŮҲù鱨֪治ʱѾ׵죬ֽٶȼֱ졣
Ůһ뵽ԼΪӵŵȻĺˣоͲӿһ˿˿⡣
һĨâǣһЦ죡ȻЩ¡ֲøҴĿлڶʳϧվֻ¼Ķ֪ЩǿĿֲǣֻ·һ
ʮʥ춼ǿƿأЩǿƿʮʥĸԴɸľֲס
ǰ磬ûк̨һŭЩǿ壬ͻᱻ׷ɱ
죡
Ǻڵ룬һɫĸ֮ϣڵվ⣬һĮĿһֲޱȵ
һҹȻʧ
ڽˣϧȻҵʵӡӣȻûκʤ㣡ֻܹһƻˣ
˫۾۾ʼԼΪ
ʮ֮һâӺڵ֮зɳҿպֱӷȥ
ҿպһƬǿ֮Уֱȡһ̵ԿףһɫĹâҫһ̺ŶͭŻ֡
ڱҵȵˣ棡
һ֮и֣ʮͻأĴ֮г֣һĨ棬ͬ˲һ㣬ǰһȥ
һĿֲǿߣͬ͵Ϯһ㣬˹һֱӷл磬ֲޱȵֱӱķѡ
һԷһеĻֱ֮Ӹ֣һ֮֮ȼճ˻ҽ
һУһö̵Կ׾ֱӷ˵kС
Ů֮֮߳һĨâϲӽɱΪʲôkӡһǲܹҹĥkõkܣ
˵ܹkǵӡǴݻ٣ӡɱɱõkǸоʹࡣ
һôǼ㣬һӡһǧ꣬ᷢ裬ɷӡ
һһԿպãĿ˿ϣһĨâӡȻ֮ߡʵҿɲ뱻kٵһԿס
Ů־ڱصõıأ뿪˵أǷһ顣㲻뿪ôֻܹȥˣ
΢΢һЦӡ֣һ֮׻ڵkϣõkͬһԦĻħ
һɿֲޱȵɱ֮лϯķ
ıأһ֮ıأӾԲ˸棬Ҳκ֡
ӣȻһεˣӣɣ
Ůһ̾Ŀһۣ˼
һҫ֮Уһ³־ʮͷʮͷˡʮͷڡ
ǻˡڶǴѪ飬ÿһͷӵһĿֲʵ
һɾͷ̫ս֮и֣̫ս֮һˣӡ
Ӹӣ¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫЦӣеԿסҾع̫ʥ죡
ҲһǿߣһһҲûаµk
߸پսԽסӣսkնɱ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨɱݺݵĵ˿ŮһۣŮȻң
ŮһЦ˴˱˴ˣӣҲŵҪɱ֮ԼҪͬ̽׹ıء
Ŀ΢΢˸һǱ̵ԿֱӸ֡
һɫĹâû֮УγһȾ޴ޱȵͭţǱԿ׵֮£ͭŻ򿪡
΢΢һΣһ棬ֱͭŷȥ
ȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ̽צһץһֻ֮צֱӸ֣Ӻݺץȥ
һ֣һšͼֱӸ֡
һâҫǡͼ֮УһͷĿֱֲһֻ·ԻصĿֱֲ֣Ӹ֣Ӻݺȥ
ôͶõ𣿡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һҧһ֣һɫĵֱӸ֡
һֻŹ֮׵Ĺִǳɫĵ֮иֲֻ֣ľֺһ
¡
춯صľ֮Уǿ໥ͻ໥ֶֻһ˲顣
ֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
µսͷֵĿֲɢ
һ·֮ͭڡ
ͭһıպ

ɫ࣬廯һ⣬ͭŻûȫպ֮ǰһ·֮ͭڡ
һâҫŮԼµļʮҲͭűպ֮ǰһ·֮ͭڡ
¡
ֱͭӱպϣֱӴ˵ֱʧ
Щдʩչʲôط޷ͭ£򿪡
ӣҪ
һǸ磬оһĨ⣬Լûڵһʱ䷢ɱӡ
͵Ϯ棬ɴ䣬һɱնɱ֮жԿס
֮ȻƵӶọ̃Ƕı֮ڣɱӻѷɫֹһ
Զһۣʩչطһ׷ȥ


1464 ڵ֮
֮ףң
Կ׵ָ֮£һ³ǳŻ֮׵֮ǰk΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ֮׸֣ڵk֮ϡ
һֱ̤ǳŻ֮׵֮ڡ
ǿԷһСһСһеĻ֮һ˵kĻ֮ڣ޷˵kֺ
ѾĿֲǿߣҵkյľǻ֮סһŻ֮׵Եk˵вʥء
ӷЦֱƵӣͽһս
ӿǻ֮ףĿ΢΢һ
յǹ֮һյǻ֮׵ǳŻ֮׵֮սӾԲӵĶ֡
ǸŻ֮׵֮Уӱпû֣Ǿ͸ҹҵ׹ıأڣ
ӣһ֮׵磬赲סң
ɭһЦһ֣һƽɫˮֱӸ֡
һƽɫˮâһһ±ͷĿֲѹſһ
һĻֱ֮ӻһֲޱȵֱûһˮ֮ڡ
ǻ֮֮ǿ֮໥ձ
ˮ׷ӡͷһӵıֶ֮һҲǿ޵Уɨһеĵ̺͵
ȻܹӡͷһıޱȣһҲֻһΪ˿ȷѹӲ֮ж˼ΪѹӣӶӵıء
ǻ֮ʧ֮һƬޱȣûһ˿ֱӳӵǰ
ǽޱȣûһ˿֮󣬳һſ硣
΢΢һΣһûǳſ֮С
ӡŮҲʩչطһûǳſ֮ڡ
һǿֲޱȵĿ֮ڣͷ·һһǿʩչǿޱȵĴΧɱطϵĹˡ
ӵ߶òſǿޱȵķ磬ֿǿĹ
նӵǿߵķ֮ϣϵŵkǵ
Ȼ֮䣬һͷ峤ǧ׵ֱӴǿ֮и֣ſһҧһߵ֮ϣֲޱȵķ֮նߵ֮ϣһֱն顣
һޱȵĹâǶصһ´һöƵʬ֮ϡ
һڤڤ֮ΰ֣һӡǴߵʬ֮ϸ֡
ϾңϣȾң
һӡǸ֣һ춯أޱȵĲҽ֮
һſһҧһ˲佫ӡֱҧ顣

һޱȵĲҽ֮Уһֱ䡣
kˣ
ӡ飬kˣ
ô

Щ׷ǼһĻвһ˿˿ëȻĺ⡣
Ϊµĵط㲻߾ĿֲɱҲڼӡǵ桢֮
ǱǷɱӡ飬ǿɾ䣬òܹˡ
һĨ֮ɫ𣺡׹ֶΣȻôǿ
׹ŵʱһ޵оͷӵв֮һնɱߣͿԳȡ˵ӡǣֱӴݻ٣նɱжߡ
׹ſһ㣬ȴδܹһ㡣
Ӻεȴһ¾Ͳµ࣬һһĨ֮ɫѪҺΪ֮ڣԣ֮ض֮ıأﲻʲô׹ıأһʵ֮ıأֲӲϧһд۶Ҫأ֮ıأҲ̺֮ܣ
޵оͷֻ֮һ󾳽磬˫֮Ĳȴǵ׹棬һ֮֮ͽ׹ֱѹ
۶ôǿͷһ֮ǰΨһܹģߡ
֮УҲֻ֮ɵţһѹһţ޵С
֮У˵֮֮֮ϣʵĴڡȴû˼ʡʣѾΪһ˵ǿľ֧ʮʥ֮
Ƿ֮֮УһһֱӸ֣Щɱһ
ӣлǰסЩһ
ֱһھѪһſһ֮΢΢һȣ𽻼ӣ˺Ѳ񷣬һ˲ʹǷֱ֮֮ӷɳ

âһӡ֣һ滷ƣһ±Ϊһףͷӡ׹
һ֮󣬾ͻһ⣬ֽͷ˺ѣ׷ȥ
Űķ֮֮Увӵ㲿¡Щ¶ֱ
ٴζһͷıܾµkĲ¡
ӣȾң
Ůһʴ裬һһɣ֮ӳİ
ޱ飬ûж࿴Ůһۣ΢΢˸ΣʹƬ֮֮зɳʧ
Ҿ֪㿿סڵ֮ɣҪٲҾֻ뿪ˣ
Ůȥ֮ɫ䣬һ֣һöɫֱӷɵ֮С
Ǻɫһɵ֮Уųһ˿˿ɫĹâӡҫγһˣǺڵ֮
ߣ
ڵ֮һһĨ֮ɫһӣһźɫġħͼֱӸ֡
һšħͼ֮ϣһڰħ֣໥֯γһɫķ磬Ǻڵ֮Ůϣŵkǰȥ
һԦſֲĿ磬˺ҧǺħγɵķ硣
ħ⽻֯Ǻħγɵķ类նһ˿˿ȴ˿
ʮ֮䣬ڵ֮;ſŮɳƬ֮硣
һɳǷ֮磬ŮͿֲޱȵĻһƬ
ǿԶһеͷĿֲ֮£еı֮ͳͳʧڶ
֮еĸֱϵҲմ
մ֮ӡӵĿһתһ˺ڵ֮Ůϡ
һŮԵĺڵ֮ɫˢһ±ѿޱȡ
ɨ˿ŮһۣЦһĨӣǸŮҲ㣡Ƕ֣ȽŮ˺ͺڵ֮ˣȻȥ̽Σ
ڵ֮ڵӣǲʥĵˡնȻͬ̽Σ


1465 ܾ
ãնӣ̸
Ŀ΢΢˸һ֣һֻ֮ì˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӴȥ
ڵ֮ǰһһ۷ĿֲϢֱkһ֣ǡħͼֱӷɳų޾׹⡣
һţϳ˸飬һħ֮еţ׺ħǡħͼ֮зɳ
һţ׺ħǺڵ֮һǿߺǣټҿպ֮иƶɵıսޱȣǿߡ
һţ׺ħâֳսԽգһǰӶսֱӺȥ
ɶ񣡣
һĨŭɫһҧһ֣һų޾֮׵ͼֱӷɳ
ӡҫһֲֻޱȵĴִͼ֮ɢͷĿֲԼţ׺ħֱȥ
ǿֲޱȵĴһϣֱӻһŻʧ
һֻ˳£һţ׺ħ֮ϡ
һɰԵףѹصĿֲΰһ±ţ׺ħֱӺ飬ֲޱȵĻ֮׷գţ׺ħֱӷճɻҡ
֮Уһ桾ħͼҲֱȼգҳƮɢ
ڵ֮һĨʹ֮ɫҵıͼӣ
ӳôʱһ⣬һûһԪ֮С
Ԫ֮УŸԪ⡣
ԪһɨʱkĻƣƵõkòȼվѪſ˸ǿķ硣
һɿֲޱȵһӵϣõkһ´֮׹䣬˵ϣһǰߡ
ҪҪ˴˵أ
֮ҧһǰУԪⲻϺڵk֮ϣһѪõkһ˿һеıŰ־
ɶǿŮǸңѾƬ򣬸Ǳ
Ȩҧ˶ọ̃ݻԪĴ㡣
һΪǶıأһ֮зӡͷһıȡһա
Ȼˣзӡͷһıﾭ⼸֮Ҳֻʣһ
ǿŮ֣ȫһ·ĸ磬붼صĺ֮ء
ֻķһӡͷһıȴ˴ıִֻԪ硣
â΢΢һҲԪ磬׷ᣬӳ
¡¡
һ֮УʮߴףӡԦԪֱӸ֡
ʮâһԪ˺ȥ

âҫӡɣһ±仯Ϊһ峤ߴףŻ֮׵ľܲɱһ
ǻ֮׵ֲ˼㣬ǼܵΧ֮£ȻԦǻ֮׽Ǽһһգҽ
ڵ֮ӡŮǿҲʩչǿޱȵĹɱطǼɱ
ʮԪ֮УȫѹһǿߡȴӲıĴǿɱӲĴԪ֮ɱһѪ·
Ԫ֮ɱ֮һ޴ޱȵ̳ͭĴߵС
̳֮ͭϣһ֮ϣһͷǣòһͭսףɢһΨҶԵϢĿֲӡ
һƽìǿֲӵλã·𽫵kѹ֮ϣ޷
˫ѹʩչط칦ƽìһٻ˶ӡǣkشǶ
һ֮ϵĿֲӣһĨϲ֮ɫе
ͨߵӡһֻ·һͻ䡣
һ֮ȻӡǱȻԹӲдһʱ䡣ȻkӻԼϳ
ڵ֮һĨϲ֮ɫ૵⾹ȻǶıأ
Ů֮ҲһĨϲɫﾹȻǶıأ
һ֮ʵǿޱȣkıһ㣬Ҳͷ
Ĳ˵Ƕźһޱȵľ䣬ԳΪʮʥ֮иĵ̡
Ŀ䣬һ֣һͼֱӷɳ֮׷裬һֻ̺ͷһĿֱֲӴͼ֮зɳźڵ֮ӡŮֱץȥ
һЦȡһ汦һ̤һ汦֮УʮͻأĴʧ

ڵ֮ɫ䣬ӡ֣һ±󣬱һߴ׵ľˣһ۷ĿֲϢֱӱӶеսǿֱֲնȥ
죬Ǻڵ֮ʵΪҲǵkҲӱĵ
һֻ̺Ż֮׵ĿֲһǺڵ֮֮ϣǺڵֱ֮Ӻ飬ֲޱȵĻ֮һǺڵ֮ͱֱӷճɻҡ

һޱȵĲҽ֮УǺڵ֮ӡʮֹĸ֣ѣһ⣬ֱûǶеһԲ֮ڡ
ž֣
һһھѪȼԴһָ
һңһöֱӱƴ֮
һֻ̺Ż֮׵Ŀֲֺݺһģһһö֮ϣֲޱȵֱӱһǱƬ
ô
һ´Ǳ֮зɳһ𺧣һ˺ѷεĺָ֮һţųԼĵ̡
ͬĴ̣
һĨâֳһذףԼݺһ̡
ذ״̴ӵһ˲䣬һɿֲޱȵӵ֮ըѿӷӦһ˲
ƽʱһ˲ȻûʲôϵǾһ˲䣬ǿֲޱȵ̺Ż֮׵ľһģݺϣһûҷ
Ҳ
һöӡֱӳ֣дޱȵĲҽֱ֮ӱһûǰԲ֮ڡ
ӴѪɨ˿ŮһۣһЦЩƾʲôҶŮǾ͹£ЧңҵŮūһꡣҾɱ㣬䣡
Ů֮âһ˼һѿһЦݵӣҷģΪЧһꡣ
Ůһҧֱӹǰʼġ
ȥ
ڿŮµһ˲䣬һĨâȼ㱾Դ˺գһǿŮǰһƺ£˿Ůеֿ˿Ůͷ­֮ϡ
ֲޱȵĻֱ֮Ӹ֣ǿŮ֮ϣkһķճɻҡ


1466 
ΪʲôΪʲôҪɱңʲôԸΪ
Ů֮޾ľ֣ҽе
ɭһЦܼ򵥣˳һȫ˳˳öıأ㾹ȻҵȫʧԴشǾ͸
ӿ˿Ůһۣ¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫЦҸһܣղŸҶ֡һδĶ֣
ӸղŶọ̃ȼվѪ㱾Դһɱ˺ڵ֮ӣǱҲˡ
ֻһɱľס˿Ů˵ӣֿűһɱ
Ůһսڻ֮塣ŮҲûһ˿Ļᡣ
ӣ㣡㲻ú
Ů֮һĨ֮ɫӡ֣ӡֱӳ֣һ˲ӡȼա
һɵ֮ǿŮ֮и֣ǻ֮ףһ´ӵϡ
һЦǽȼʩչҲֻܹһɵֻҪʮʱ䣬Ҿֱܹ
Ůǿ֮ǰȼӡʩչֲסһһǿ䣬ʹĥ꣬Ǽꡣ
ִƻ֮ףƸ䣬Ů֮ԵkҲֻһ鷳ˡ
ʱӻеһöԿȻըѿǱԿֱ֮Ӹ֣סâҫʩչ칦гһֲޱȵ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӴȥ
һȻֱӸ֣̹ᴩһֱӴӵ֮ϣӡ֣ӵ㱾Դ

âһ屻ᴩһ㱾ԴֱԱֲޱȵĻ֮ӲĽֱɡ
һӴޱȵĻֱ֮Ӹ֣ϯȥ
Ǽ
Ŀһ֣Ǽֱӳǰ
Ǽֳ־޶ܣǣǳ֮Ǿ޶֮ϣſһ޴ޱȵǳ硣
ǻ֮ǳ޶֣һķǳ磬޷һ顣
ȻһĿֲǿߣɱϾӭսСȻkЩɱȻʧأһգѾ֮ǰ
һӰ΢΢һֱӻӰֳ֡ӰìϢһìӱֱӴȥ
ĺ𣿲һ̿ͣûзҲᱻɱҼȻ˷ķôܴɱң
Ŀ䣬һЦһ֣һɢ޾ϢħӰֱ֮Ӹ֡
һİĹâǡӰ֮и֣ӰһֱӽӰС
ǡӰ֮һǿƶɵ֮רſִӰȨܵߡ
ӼʶӰĴɱֶ֮Ȼ뷽跨Ū֮֮дӵĿֲ֮
ֻҪЩжߵĵƱkǿkǾܹѰҵԵ֮ơҪܵkǣֻܹʵ֮ѹkǡ
ô֪ҵĴ𣿡
һ֮дһ֮ޡֱӴ֮зɳݺݵĳӵ֮ϡ
һɿֲޱȵӲĽӺѡ
һ֮΢΢һӵȫָ
ʮʥͽҲһ˲両֣ʩչֹɱط໥һǡӰ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǡӰֱ֮ӱ顣
ӰǡӰֱ֮΢΢һΣֳ˾ŸӾŸֱӹȥ
ӣ֮أ
ĿԦǡ֮ޡһޱȵצһУӺȥ
֮һ֮׽֯һʮף޾֮׵ľˣֳ֮ɱһ
¡¡
һ˲䣬Ӿ㽻ǧΣ˺ѣڽڰˣϱݺݵĳ˼ӡ
ӵʵԶԶ֮ϣǵkܴȼ㱾Դѹڵ֮ǿУʵѾ͵һΪµĵزٱŮ䣬ֱ͵Ϯشõkʵ󽵣ȫѹơ
ʮʥͽӡ֣໥һֱӺȥ
ҿ
âһһնһ֮׻һշŤʮʥͽһӲĽʮʥͽֱɡ
ֲޱȵĻ֮ʮʥͽֱӵȼʼһС
ӣأ
һһʱ֣ʱ֮˲ƶһȭʱɺڶǳռŻذֱӱγһɣᴩӵķһڵk֮ϡ
һ·һҽУ屻ķѣһ⣬ɢ
Ӱ֮иֳ֣֡Ӱìķǻȥ
ⱻӰֱӹᴩӰӡӡĻһһѹӡ
ɣ
Ŀ䣬ָһţݻΪһֲޱȵɺڶĻͳͳɣԴ
ס֣棬һ·ⶼıأҿø㣡ңһɱңԻ㲻ݣ
ɺڶ֮γӣһ־壬š
һ˶ı֮Ĺϵǲݣ֮£նľţ൱նδôܷŹ㣿
һĨЦݣָһϣɺڹֱӸ֣ϣŵk㱾Դ
̫ʥܲһöӡʮֹĸ֡
ɱҵ棡ɱҵ棡
ӡ֮УޱȵĲҽУʧ
һöӡʮֹ챻һڤڤǣӲ֮ϡ
һȭӡ֮ϣӵӡֱӺ顣
һɿֲޱȵֱ֮ӵӡ֮ϣӵ顣
һĨâӵ飬ǿߣǵ񣡣ܹĸƵ飬ҾͿӵнĵ̡
ӡһ˲䣬֮ܲڣӵһֱӱ飡
ˣ
ôܣ
ӣô䣿
棬ɱӡ
ܣӿǿߣôܻᱻɱ

ڣǿǿӵĵ飬жһĨ֮ɫ


1467 
֮һǿľţͨǿطͬʱҲһǿߡ
֮Уһͷ֮⣬ֻмϹܹӡ
Ҳ֮Уϣ죬ΪһͷľšڵkȻ䣬൱δնһ롣
˭Ȼɱ׶棡ǵkҪkҪk֮أҪkйصͳͳ
ڲһ´һ춯أĿֲ
ܲƷڣͬĩռ١
ܲǿ߶ڵϣɪɪ
ȥ׾죬ڵĽһ
֮ܲУһп
ǣ棡
һһһĿֲǿֱӷɳ׾ȥ
ͷһŭ
Ҳ׵Ļһλ֮еĽ򡣿䣬൱նδȻͷΪ֮ŭ
Ҫ֪ӿһ廨ʱ⣬һΨһϣ׳ΪͷĴڡ
һ䣬֮Уʮ֮ڣû˿Խͷ
ı֮ڡ
һܹ֮ԿԽ׳Ϊϵǿߡпֱӽ죬ϧķӡֲ̫֮һ޷ƽ⣡
ϼ̳Ƕ֮ϵĶһĨâ
ʬ֮ӵбҪɶʬͱ뱴⡣
ʱֻΪ뱴֮Ĳͬһ㡣ܿⱴ
ⶼġްԲ̡ǿ֡һ֮նɱߣkǾͻֱ䣬Ҿ֮߱
ǡްԲ̡ĿһۣһĨ֮ɫŶһȻǡްԲ̡һץֱץС
ɱɱɱ
ɱ㽫ҵġ칦ҵġްԲ̡Լһбͳͳ㣡

ǡްԲ̡һУһ޾ɱһ´ǡްԲ̡֮дӿȥ
㣡
ɫ䣬һ
ָһţе˿һ·ɳһ¾סǡްԲֱ̡Ӵг¡
Ƿֲޱȵһ±ֱնϣȴڿʼ
ӡ֣ǹɱޱȵɱֱɣ
ڣֳͬصӡԲ֮ϵԹԼɱһ˿˿
һĨâӰǼһϣƽǡްԲ̡
ǣϣ
ӰǼһе˿û֮ڣ֮໥ʼƽšްԲ̡
ǡްԲ̡֮ڵһؽֱӱƽ⣬ޱȵ֪ʶԴԴϵı룬ûݿ֮ڡ
һĨ˷ܵĹâǣްԲ̡һıܹƽĴڡkѾһƵıټѾȥô꣬Żᱻƣ
ӡǡްԲ̡֮ڵĸ֪ʶҪ淢ܹ֮á
ֱӹˡްԲ̡Ľƣ֪ʶֱ˳ͬʱҲһǡްԲ̡֮Լڡ
һȫǡްԲ̡Լڣͻв֮ÿֲޱȡ
ǡްԲ̡ѾгûлȻһıҲѾ˴󲿷ֵԡ֮һʧûڡ
治ϵĽ֮ڣҶ˺ԴʯȡԴעڡ
ʮ֮һ۾ϢֱӿԺ֮ڡ
⡾ްԲ̡Դ澧ڣƭ־ϢǱ档治֮ıȻô
һӿϢʱ۾һһĨ˷֮ɫ
һǽû֧滹ԶøֶΣǱءһҪѾӵ֧棬ǾѰ·һǸͻᱻֱɱ
⡾ްԲ̡Դ澧ڣƭ־һ߽棬ֱ졣
ƾܹһףΪһ֮ѹء
ǡްԲ̡֮Ƕı֮һȦѰҵ˲ԴȴҲûı
ֱ֮뿪˶ıء
ʥһλ֮ǰ
һ˿˿ҫֱӳ֮С
㣡
濴֮һ۵
ֱӴ֮߳ü֮һ¸ֳһ΢İԲ̣һɫĹâǰԲ֮зɳ֮֮ϡ
ֱ֮ӷֿ¶һͨĵ·
һɫĹâ֮Уػ֮£һ̤ǵ·֮ڣ֮֮ڡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ȥɺɵ֮ҲɴУӽ𣬳Щ֮ռݵ֮⣬Ҳûһ赲ҵĽŲ
һĤ֮ǰ
һ˿˿ҫĤ֮⡣
㣡
һ£ֱӴ֮߳֡
һ˫ۣһޱȵİ׹ڵkҫĤ顣
ûз֮99%ļʣﲻ֮棡
ÿһ֮һ㶼ӵһ档֮УkǾ޵вĴڡ֣֮Ҳ޷һԼ֮е֮
Ȼ֣֮пܽһԼ֮е֮ɱ
궼Ǳƭ뿪棬űֻ֮ɱ
ʿӡǣҲ档
浭ʼɣ
һųصӡǰԲֱӴӵkĶͷ֮и֣һɫĹâǰԲ֮и֣ûһĤ֮ڡ
ǿԵֵǿߵĤǰɫĹâҫ֮£׾ٵıֽ⣬¶һ׵ͨ
磬ߵݲӦ£
һ֣ͨ˫صӡ
üͷ΢΢һ建ߣЩˣ
һ֮Уûߣ˵Ҫټ򵥲
һ֮һӵߣһ֮УҲܵ־ľˣԵѹͷ


1468 Ǳǳ
֮еʵ¡ػ㱩¶ˣҲԴߵѣһԣ
΢΢һһĨȻһ̤֮ͨڡ
һͨһƬ޾ǳǿ֮С
޾ǿ֮Уٿǳޱȵǳ֮⣬ÿһǳ֮ж̺ſߵĿֲ
ǳĻ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ硣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ûų⣬û־ĸ档̫ˣҲ޷ӦҵĴڣ̫ˡ
һһ棬ͻ־ų⡣һڵһʱ䱻߸֪
˹ʵԶǿ󣬿ȴħ֮ѹΪˡ
ĿҫǣȥսѰ·ұ֮ϵ棬ܹһߡ
һâ΢΢һһûǸ֮С
ҪԼʵȻǿԴܹٽס
ҵˣˣ
һĹһһ³һʹĳϡ
ǳϣһ꣬ʱѾ࣬١
һ֮У̫ࡢŮ߸
һָͷ­֮ϣһֱ֮ӱֱɣеꡢ䶼ֱɡ
һ˲䣬ͱ仯Ϊһ꣬˳ϡ
㲻Ҫ̫ҽôˣʲộͳͳҪΪᣡ
һޱȵһԴžԼɭޱȵɱ
һ̫ҽ߻ֻ˾纮塣ʲô󲡣ֻҪһöһվܹȫָ
ǳ
ǣ
̫ҽȡһ赤ҩĿС
һǹҫûڣ塣
ֱ˫ۣͿһһװһͷɫ޳ʮĴŮ
Ѿһ߻ӵļ䣬ʮ߻֪һС
һΪǳ磬֮ӵпֲǳ֮ǳ
һﵽʮ꣬ͻмʽǳǼʽ֮ϣЩ˾ͻṵͨǳԼıǳǳ
ǳ֮зΪңֱԹκ໥ݡ
渽ҹ߻档ĴŮԹʵ۵֮һ÷
û¾ͺãû¾ͺã
÷һ˫ۣ૵
˼䣬÷뿪
ѡ˿˹֮͢Сֵ̫ӣĻӵˣ
÷ȥ֮߻ӵļ䣬ԼЩƲ⡣
̫ǻʺĵճӣ֮ʮǳ֮еǾΪǳܵȺӵĻǻʹĳӣ˱֮еȨǣ̫Ӹʤһܵʵ۵ĳ谮
ǳ֮Уǳ΢ǡǡǡ̰ǡƾǡɱǡ
΢ǡǡǱ֮Ϊǡ̰ǡƾǡɱǱ֮Ϊǡ
ǡ֮£Ǳǡ
֮Ƕʮޡ
ʮ֮£ʮǡ
ʮ֮ʮɷǡ
ʮɷ֮£һǳǳǳǳ
ֻбǳʮɷϵǿߣп۷֮
Թ֮УӡŮʮ֮ϣҲֻ̫ӡĻӾ˵ɷϵǳ
߻ӴСʴӱʮֳڣ˶Ϊǡǡ
ǼʽмͿʼ̫ӡĻӵŻ߻֡
ʲôˣг֮ͳͳ͵˽ݺͼĶ顣
кâһתطʼ֮ǳ֮Լ
ѾԼ֮ӡһƳһһûκΪҪҲֻ¿ʼ
ֻһĳܹ֮꣬־ϣܹԿߡ
ӣͶڷ治ǿߵļʶ׾ٵľͽĻһ飬ǳ֮ǰǿĻ

÷ķһȥݼʺǻ
ǣĸף
ǳ֮УҲͬӵǳ֮رǻǸҡķƶɵı
ǻμӼʽ߶ǳ׺ҡ֮ǿƣűԶƽ񣬾ΪӵǻһϵеرΪ̡
μʺ
ػȣ÷˻ʺڵĹŻʺһ
ƽ
һͿǹλ֮һһ˿ӺݻʲʮֻǿȥЩ̱ŮӡŮӾԹĻʺ
Թʺ֮͸¶һ˿˿Į÷ãǰкιɣ
÷ʺѾ꣬μӼʽѱǳʺǻ
Թʺ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǻѾ׼ˡǰǻˡ֮ǰ֮󣬻黹ǻضڲμӼʽ֮ǰһöǻ
÷ˢһ±ò԰ޱȣڵϿధʺǻǹϵһӵˣôܹˣңǲܹڼʽ֮ǰǻǻͨǳÿһӡ֮󣬶ǻʺ￪ǻ͸Ҷ
һԭԾʮɷǣһöǻпܾʮǡ
һöǻǼʽ֮ȫԸıһ˵ˡ
ԹʺȻǻĴԵ
Թʺ֮һĨɱ֮г˺÷ѵҴ²
÷һߣ̧ͷ㡭
÷ĺ΢΢һֱ˹ȥ
ʺﴦ¹Һĸ׶ʮһΣʮð¡Ǿ͸ˣ
˫ģŮ÷ֱӼ뿪˹
ԹʺȥıӰĿ˸Сǲ򵥣
һòӴһ߳ϴ΢ЦߵȻ򵥣Ȼܹڼǿߵӹһ٣ǳҵԤϡ
òӾԹ̫ۡ
ǳ֮У߷Ϊͽʿʿʦǿգʦ»飨ףڣ⣩溣ʥǵۡ


1469 
ЩûоѱǳôֻܹͽǣҲʿĳ̶ȡ
һѱǳֱܹӽףΪʿǾʮɷǵ߿ֱӽ׳Ϊʿ
ЩʮǡǵľţǿԽǾʽ֮ϣһٽ׳Ϊʦǿߡ
ǡǵľ콾һѱǳͿһ죬ֱӽ׳Ϊʦǿߡ
ڼǿ߾൱һʿǿߡǿߴɱһʿϣֱɲʧ֡
Թʺüͷ΢΢һʹ֮УɭϣǳػڼǿߣҪ֪ɱһҲʮѡд̣֮ߡһ·֣㻹ҶԳеΣеڶΡ
ʹ֮иƣɭϡƾ̿ͺУʵ϶˯˯ȡһ֣̫ӾȻȦ̿ڹд̣Ի̫ӡ
ٹһ֪飬ҲԻʮʧ֧̫ӡ
Թ̫ӵͷĸԼǣҿǷס
Թʺ˵˵¸ô
Թ̫΢΢һЦÿһӳ֮󣬶ᱻ趥ǻԹ̫涩µĹأơǱڼʽʼ֮ǰһöǻߵܡĹūűܲŪǻʱն׼ߵҲˡ
ԹʺһЦ¾ͽ죡
÷ת֮һԹ˲鱨
Թĺ֮УԻʺΪ𣬻ʺ֮£Ĵʹ֮£ǹӡǡ楡ݻˡˡˡ
÷ֻһӣҳţ޷ʺԼʹභ
Թ󹬣Ůơ
Թʵ۶÷ҲֻǱȽϳ谮ȴûдﵽһ˵ĵز֮£÷ʺľ
ھмʽǰһ죬һöڻӵĶǻű͵С
ǻ˶ֽšڼʽʹһöǻֻ²ãһᱻǣЩǳúݶģ
ǻһۣһĨâһЦ
汾ʿ֮Ǵﵽһ˷˼ĵزһǻѾԭʲôè塣
ԹӡʶͨҪǿö࣬һ˵Ƕöǻ֮ʮа˾ſԾһıǳӵǿߵǱ
һ潫ѵıǳһǳôһǱҲֻܹ֮
һֻܹ֮ĻӣһܻȨҲܻ̫ԴֻܹΪɢӹӹµµɹһĻӾ㱻ŪˣԹʵҲһ䡣
ǵλԹʹԹʹҪĹ֮һÿһҵľʽٰ졣
Թ˿ڸߴÿһ궼˾ѣȻֻлӳ꣬Ż¡ء
ǵ֮еλ֮ϣһۣĿ࣬ϵӣԹʵǳӵĿֲѹ
Թʵ·һӡһĿ࣬ͬһĴ󽫡
ǴԹةӡͬһĴǵ۹󽫾ʯ
ӡʯҲԹ֮ǿʥҲԹػ
ǳ֮УǿҲʥǵۼǿߣֻʷ˵֮вŻᾪһ֣Ȼʧ
ػ֮£źɡ֮£ǻӡԼȺ
ǻʺԱߣһڷ֣ޱȣһͷ·ˮľˣ˾ǳ谮Ůˡ
ǻ֮УһӿףԶˡӾĻ⺣
ǴһƬ㳡㳡룬һ̳
ǹ㳡ΧվżʮʮŮ
߸磬л㽫ǻãһΣһһϵȵıǳúñ㣡
һòѩףһɹǰһĨϷ֮ɫһЦ
ĵĸǻڻ̼档
滯﷢ŭʽǾ⡣
ɨһۣһЦ·ڿһֻϣĿһƣããǿա
ʮӣǼһ飬ء
һһͷڷѩףüĿ续ΪŮ˹ľһ䡣
һĨĽ֮ɫСĵ֪ˣ𣡣
ǰŮǴ󽫾ﵱŮҲһ֮ţϣʮɷϱǳšҲǻһ֮Уеˡ
棬͹ȥЩͬøӲˣ
ǻɢһɿϢ棬֮һĨʣĿһƣǼ̳ȥ
һ̫ʽʽʼ
ʿһףӵɫۼף˫ǳһ̳
λ֮ϵǳкâһǳ֮֮ϣһӡ
һǳ֮նͷǳͷ­֮ϣǳһնأѪɢء
һޱȵĹâ֣ǳѪա
һӼ̳֮зɳֱ񷡣
һɲ֮䣬ǲ֮УһſǳֱӸ֣һǹ̳֮ϡ
Ǽ̳֮ϣǼʮϵǻһųһҫޱȵĹâЩϵʳγһɣֱû˲֮УЩǳйͨ
ֽǻֱժ£Ķڵϣһ̤棬ǻֱӲ顣
ԹʺĿ΢΢һˣ
ǳĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
ӡʯɨһޱ·ʲôҲûп
ǻ
Ȼ
Ȼܵԣ
ô߻ӣϧǸ̫ǳ

Ⱥ֮УһϧĿ⡣
һǳ֮֮и֣γһֱ񷣬һɰԵ׵Ϣ·һںǳ
һ̺İɫǳֱӴ֮и֡
һŰɫǳ֮ûһ˿ǹֻǰɫǳѹء
֮еǣ
ǣ߻ӣȻͨǣ˲𣡣
ǣ֮һԹѾаû˹ͨˣ߻ӾȻͨǣԹϵˣ

ΧԹĳǼһĻһĨ˷֮ɫ˼
̫ۿ֮һǣŤг֮ɫзǣôܣôܾǣôңΪʲôҾǣ


1470 ҫ˻
Ļ⺣ҲһŤ˼ʣǣ֮һΪʲôΪʲô֮ӻǵľˣ
ԹʺһĨҧгݣ֮һСӣ
÷֮ǵľˣҵĺȻǵľˡĸڿྡˣ
ӿ֮ɢܵǣһĨ֮ɫ૵ǣȻǣ֮һ˼ʣ
ӵѵıǳʮɷ֮еĵؽǡΪ˽ʥòǾ˵ؽǿȫնɱռؽķԴʱŽ׳Ϊʥ
ǻӵѵ֮һǣ츳ԼŬ˵ѾԽ׳Ϊ˵֮еǵۡ
ʯ֮еһǳһĨ֮ɫǣԹӴ˾Ҫˡ
̫۾ǣô̫֮λ̩ɽһĸСֲܳ谮ĻӾȻǣ֪Թ֮ôĲ
ǳ֮һǣޱ飬˭ҲЩʲô
֮һǣʹҪѪǣȻǣô
֮һŰԵޱȣѹǵǣ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫǣ֮һǣǲ˼飡

澲վǹ㳡֮ϣȵ
һֲޱȵǹ֮зɳٴû֮С
һݷųɫǳ֮и֣ԣɢ˿ǵĹâ
ǣǣ
˫ǣ
߻ӵ츳Ȼǿز
˫ǣ˫Ǿˣǿǧѵһľţ
һǵۣܵ˫ǵľˣͬڣ޵Уɨͬǿߣ
˫ǾˣԹϵˣ

ǵ֮УȺڣ۷׷ףж˷ܺͼ
ǡıǳһһţѾһҰѵһＶš
˫ǾˣͬڣǸ֮еţ֮еĹһһĻȫԺһеС
˫ǣͬڣô˺Ҳ̫ӣҲԹ̫ӣ
̫һŤ˫ֽգһεѪеء
Ļ⺣Ҳһݶҧˣ棬
һĨ֮ɫһ̾ͬڣ䣬㶼ܹ׳ΪҪʥҲֻŬ⣬Ľ
Թ֮У˿ʮڣֻʥʥѶȿɼһߡǾʮǵţҪʥ֮ѡ
˫ǾˣֻҪŬԴָϣһ·ʥʲôƿ
ʯһĨâͬڣϧ̫ӣ
֮ǳ֮һĨ֮ɫͬڣˣ
΢ǣҳɣ
кâһһ·ɳһǹ⣬ֱû֮ڡ
һҫһɢɫǳֱӸ֣ǡ໥ӳѹ˫һͷ
һɢɫǳ֮΢ǣ
΢ǣȻ֮׵΢ǣ
Ƕˣôܣ
Ǿһˣŵһˣ
Ǿһˣǵӣ
Ǿһˣ˻ʣ

Χ۵ȺһĿɿڴԼ۾
ǳ֮УǾһˣҲֻϹ䣬ħʱǿɱֹľ콾
Ϲޡ֧ߣֻЩޡūͺʳ
;оѧ˼ǳʼޡɱ
֮УһܵǾ˵Ϊ˵һ˻ʣǳ翪Ĺȡ
ڽʱ֮УÿһʱᵮһܵǾ˵࣬Ϊ˻ʣͳ˧ޡɱ
ߴ˻֮ŻޡkϵƫԶ֮ء
ߴ˻֮ǳ֮УҲûܵǾ˵ࡣ
һʥҲĿɿڴĶǹ㳡֮ϵ棺˻ʣȻ˻ʣ
ʯЦһ£һĨ֮ɫ˻ʣʱ
ϹޡУһǾ˵˾Ի֧֣ܵΪ˻ʣͳޡս
ޡѾ֮أսݣһܵǾ˵˻δֻ²ù
ʯǳһֻۣǳޱ飬˫ȴǽסʮһţ͹ˡ
Թʺ֮ǣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ҫ˻ʣãããһˣ
˻ʣҵ·Ҳ
̫֮еǳһĨɱĻ⺣һۡ

Ļ⺣̫Ŀཻͬݳһɿֲޱȵɱ⣬һ˲侹Ȼͨ
֮ǣЩˣҫ˻ʣȻ˻ʣô᣿ô
ȷʵСʮִ츳ҲԶ֮ĻӡҪﵽ˻ʵĵزҲܡ
ôҲҫ˻ʡ
һߵƵҪѪ˻ʣôܣô˻ʣܣܣ
ޱȵǹ⣬ǹ֮һϡ
޾ǹҫ֮£Ϣڽһͻƿ׳Ϊʿûκͣʱ䣬Ϣֱͻƣﵽʦ֮
ʦ֮΢ͣһ˲䣬Ϣٴͻֱӽ״ʦǴʦ֮΢ͣһᣬٴν֮
飡һ죬ԽĴ󾳽磬ֱӽ飡˻ʣ
ҫ˻ʣǿ£
Ϲʱ˻һѣܹ޲ɱԷ飡
˻ʰ

Χ۵ĳ֮Уһ֮
鼶ǿѾʿ֮еʿǳ֮УҲѾǳưһĸ֡
С֮еİҲ鼶ĸ֡滯֮ǰֻʿһ˱ǳһ죬Ϊʿǿߣǽ֮󣬿ɼһߡ
΢֮
温գԵȵ
΢ǹâһһϹû֮Уһֱӳ֮С


1471 ǳ
ǣ΢֮Ů޽Լ
һԵһָȵ
ǹâһһֱӴһûڡ
ǵĹâ֮£Ϣڽϵͻƣһֱ׵ʦֹ֮ͣ
΢ǿԼԦǳʮʮɷǳ˵޽Լ˵Ȼģ
ʷ֮ϣҲ˾ޱǳȴֻܹʮɷǳôܺʮǣ
ǿʮ֮ǣȻҲҪˣ
ǻҫ˻ʣȻʮǣ
˻ʣȻӵ˷˼ֲÿԴսʤ޺

ǵȺ֮УһĿϣ֮ɫ
ǳ֮Уһǳ޽ԼΪЩıǳ
滯ҫ˻ʿʮʮɷǳΪߵıǳֱ졣
Ҫ֪ԴḻǿƵĻ֮УҲֻ̫ӡĻԼʮϵǳ
֮һţҲԼʮɷǡ˶ֻԼһǡ
ֻҪʮʱ䣬ȫԴһӢ֮еľӢ
Ϲ˻ʾƾֱ£ǿƣꡣܹǿޱȵޡ⡣
ǹ㳡֮ϣЩҡŮǶһĶ棬ϣܹΪǵһǳǻǵɷǣ˵ıǳ
һǳ֮󣬱㾲վڹ㳡֮ϣһԲ
֮ǹâ΢΢һԭʧ
ǱѹƵǸ֣һǹ·Ůϣֱͻƣ׳Ϊʿ
ôǳôܣжǻôԼһǳҲҪ
ǹ㳡֮ϣȻһ˺ѷεĺ֮һĺУĿһʹֱһѪҺ˹㳡֮ϡ

һĻޱȵ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫһ˺ѷεĺ֮
۰Ķ֮һھȻԼһǳǰ;١Լ㳡֮ϣŭģ⵽ɣѾһˣֻܹΪһ˹ӲдȻʹѡ
ǰȥ
úݵֶΣ˻ʣ
һԵ죬һ˻ʹȻ죡
ֲãϹ˻Ϊǵˣֱ˾

ڳȺһĻж΢΢һݡ
ǻ֮һӵõõʦԴļʽǻ
֮£޷ʮʮɷǩԼһһǩԼҲʮþȵ顣ȻһǳǩԼֶΡ
ԹʺһĻĿ΢΢һúݵֶΣӾ
ǹ㳡֮ϣһǹⴹ䣬󲿷ֵ궼һһǳǩԼֻмһӵܲǳǳǩԼ
ʽ֮ʧջָƽ
֮Ÿм֮ɫȻһЦ߻ӣл֣ҵΪҵǣ
浭Ȼ֮Ͱˣ
ʵǼɵ֮еߣȫǡͬʱ٣ǩԼϴ跥ɱ䡣һǣ˵Ǿ֮Ͱˡ
ԥһ£һ䣺ҫ˻ʣϹʱȻһ¡ڲͬȥҪСġҪСҵĴ̿ͣҪСı
ľ֣ش֮
ҫ˻ʣ֪˶˵·˲֪ټʡټ̫ӣֻһûĸĺŻӣԻΪ˵жд̡
΢΢ףԶȥ
СĽϣ
ڼ뿪ǹ㳡ʱһĴһûĶС
һĨâСĽϣô˵ұֳѾԹʵ۶ɵ֮𣿡
ʼ飬һʵ۶ʮּɵ̫ӣԼȨᡣҫ˻ʵĻӣǳ̫ӵľ޴в
ֻҪһʱ䣬۶֮еĴ嶼ᱻ򣬱ϾǶ֮еԼʮǡʮɷǵš
ʽ֮ǵ۶֮УҶ淢뺯μӸ־ۻᡣ
ʹ֮УҲûһ˸ҵ滯߻ӣ֮Ϊ̫ӡĻͬһĻӡ
ǳҲ龳ҪĸԴ
Դ֮󣬾ֱӱչİΪһǧٽ
ˣʵگԻ߻Ӿǣ²ż汸طΪϽӪǰҪ֧Ԯ
һ̫סĸۡʥּ
л¡
ӵ𣬽ӹʥּ
̫߻ӣ̣֮ǰҪһ֮ڸϵ󣡡
浭֪ˣ
̫һᣬûТһֱ뿪
һЦҪκ߽硣κսղÿһҪܵҪԪ˧̫ӵˣǳ̲סˣҪȥ
ս֮ϱΣգʲôܷ
Ϲߴ˻ʣս֮ϣޡɱʱ䡣
ǳõ˻¶֣һ浽˳ҪֻҪǳҪԪ˧ҲֻܹԹһΥѹֱܹն档
ֱǰӪ
ӪӪϣϽ
һ̤ӪһɫսףòӢСֱǰһ
ɨһϾͽĵϸһ龳۷ĸ֣
䵭󣡣
ǣ
ѸٵļӪٽʿʼ
ӪٽʿÿһѾ˱ǳʿǽһ֮Ϊģǹ֮һףɢ۷ֲϢľ޴ա
ǳ֮УЩʿɴ֮󣬿Χɱǿߡ
ʮսʿΧɱһʥǿߡ
ԹʮĽսʿɣʮĽսʿ֮ͨսʿǴʦǿߡʮսʿͿΧɱһʥǿߡ
ΪˣЩʥǿ߲źٻ䵱̿ͣǰĹɱҵĹ
ı߾֮УҲе̣ԵֵʥǿߡʥǿǹһǰȥɱҲкܴĿܻᱻɱ
ۿһӪ֮
ǣ
ϹӦһӪٽʿֱӿ


1472 һһ
һҳףӡɢǳ֮֮зС
ͣط
棬·Ŀ΢΢һһɽһָ
üͷ΢΢һϽΪʲôҪɽ
ɨһۣĿһɢһΣޱȵζִ˵Υ

΢΢һӦ
һҳ׵֮Уһǹ⻷ƣʮǳֱӸ֣ʮһɽֱӺȥ
һɽ֮Уһ¸ֳǹ⣬ʮֲִٵγһ硣
ʮһǷ֮ϣǷֱӺ飬ֲޱȵǹ˳ƺһɽ͵ɽͷ֮ϣɽ͵ɽͷֱĨȥ
һֲޱȵϢɽ֮ն
ʮɫǳս׵ǿ̤նУһŭɫߵ
߻ӣ˻ʣȻܹǵټ˲𣡿ϧ˻ʣûгɳ֮ǰҲֻ·һ
һһͷɫϹһֻ۾ͷϴͷǣֳһ˹Ȩȣɢɭɭħһ
Ͽһ۹һ𺧣ʧе۹𣡣һǾ˵ضǣɱӯҰͷĶ۹𼶵Ϲô
𼶵ǿ֮УҲǶǿߣпһɣ档Ӫľӣ𼶵ǿҲһѹ

˻ʣһγֵߡʬ壬ʬܹΪҳʥĸ
һЦ֮Уһòͷһƣ֯ʬĹһ
ٴεһʬϹ֣ɱһţһƳΪʬħ𣡣kҲˣ
浭ս
ӪսʿǶֱӴ֮зɳ֮
ǹ⻷ƣЩսʿ໥һ޴ֱӸ֣ɢ۷ĿֲϢЩ̿Ͷš
ʮڡʮ飬ǴֱʡҪɱң첻֣
浭һЦһָǿ֮Уһǵǹⴹ䣬һ޴֮ϡ
һ޴ǹ⣬ȻǴһȦһ±Ŀֲ
΢ͳϽʮʮɷǡӵǿսʿһϵйھ·
һǱǳǿߣǳ֮УĴ֮ţԵأҡϹǿǵۼǿ߶ɱ
ʬϹһЦҫ˻ʣȻϧעҪ⣡ϣ֣ʱ
߻ӣıѹ֤ȷ䣡ɱ
һĨâһ𣬼Ԧһֲޱȵצֱȥ
۹âһǹҫһ֣еĹֱӷɳǳ֮һǧ׵צɱȥ
ʬϹһЦһָһǹҫһ·ɳ߹ײġ
߹ײĹ׸ǷһߴŽ۵ӡһߵɷߡһ߽ëħԳʬֱӷɳ
ʬԦǹɷɢĿֲ湥ȥ
ǿҲʩչطֱӺȥ
΢΢һ¶һЦݣһܵɱ֣ϧǶԸң
һָ֮µǹһײޱȵһŤ˲Ա
ֲޱȵǹԱ֮һӪԼϵ֮ϡ
Ҫ߻ӡ
һĨ֮ɫһޱȵĲҽУһ̾ͱǿֲޱȵǹֱɣķѡ
ӪսʿҲһ˲䱻ǹɣһѪɫǳ֮⣬ŶħʬϹֵǿߺȥ
ЩǰΧɱǿɫ䣬ʩչطſһ磬ֵǳ֮ĺ
һȺϣǿʲôҫ˻ʣ֣ޱ֣
һЦһָһǳ֮⣬û񷡣
ɫǡɫ΢˫Ǹֱ֣֮֮ϡ
һ˲䣬ͻƿ׳Ϊڼǿߡ
һһǹ۵֮Ľ¸֣ľٴͻƣһ½׳Ϊһǿߡ
һһ磡ôܣôܣ
ħĿɿڴһ𺧣ʧеǰΧɱ棬Ҳֻ֪֮ǿؾŸǰΧɱ
һգ֮䣬Ѿ׳Ϊ׳Ϊ𼶵ǿߣ󾳽Ѿħһֱš
ܣܣ
ʬϹҲĿɿڴһ۱kЩϹһǴʿʦһһ
һʽȻ·Ѿֽٶȣֱ쵽ܹˡ
֣
һָһǹû񷣬֣һǹУγһǳ֮ǹ
Ԧ޾ǳ֮⣬̤նУ˲һ㣬ʬ֮С
һһâǳǹ֮мǽʬն顣ͬһ޵еǳǹһâŲдʬһʣ׾ٵĽдʬʳƬ
ҵı棬Ҹ㲻ݣ
ʬϹ˫۳죬һޱȵĲҽУһ³һ֮ȥ
֮
ֳǳǹʬϹһָһǳ֮ǳǹ֮зɳγһ֮ʮֹĳʬϹֵϣĲʬϹ֡
һ̤ʬϹǰһǹֱ̳ӴʬϹڣֱӽʬϹ
ħ𿴵ǱҪǿһʬϹֱһֱӴ߻˻ʣԸ⳼£һ
Ը⳼£һ
ЩǰΧĴ֮̿УһҲľսɥʧս⣬ధ
һִ̿Ƿ׷ʩչطһǹ˷ȥ
ӣȥɣ
һЦǳǹһ̣һǳ֮񷣬Щ̿͵ڣ׾ٵĽЩ̿ᴩǵһͬɱ
һ߾ʬ׹䵽ϡ
ǿ˻ʣ
Ӳˣ

ǲдľ̿ͼһĻ΢΢һҶഭһ¡
ߣ
潫Щ̿նɱ֮󣬺ȻԶһ֮е΢һųϹ⣬ûա
ԹһĹ֮ڣӺȻһ˫ۣѪ˫֮
һΣһ̾˻ʲɿӣԲ٣࿴һۣ⵽ɣҵ۲ͱȥ


1473 Ǹ
һһ磡ô̵ʱ䣬ʹ龳׵𾳣治˻ʣǷɳҸƲסھǽΨһĻᣡ
ɫһһףһɱвϵ
һĴɱĻأǣԹ
һǶ۷壬㣬Թ
ΪԹة࣬Ȼһ˿˿ɱ
һ˾ˣ߻˻ʣڳ׷ɱɹҲ֮һѣңǻһ彫ᱻɱҲԹ֮ˣع飬ҾֱͶˣ
һʥǳ֮УֻҪӻԴӵǧҵȻԸԵ޹ʵһ˻ʡ
Ҫ֪Ϲ䣬Щ˻ʶԴԼĵҲ飬kǳͬ
һߡ
Ŷ۹Ⱦ̿һָһǹⴹ䣬û˶۹˵ϣγ˾Ÿơ
ǾŸһͣ۹˵һ֮䡣
۹ǰСʵϣǷҪǰҪ
Ҫ֮УǿƣꡣһʥǳҪ֮ҰҲᱻѹ̶Ѩ
һЦȻȥ
Ҫ֮ǿƣѹʥǶ̣ȻԽҪǿȫɱ
һͻкܴĿܾߣеͶʶˮƯһҪıǳ磬ͻء
ڻկλԹԭڣǷԭֵǿļկ֮һկһһڼǿߣѹһ˸ǡ
ڻկڡ
ڻկĴͷڳ⣬Ⱦƣ߶дű¶Ů̡
һĿ࣬Ŀ󺺣һŮ§뻳У֣һЦϴҿׯһŮӣׯŮҿɺã
ͷ󺺾ǺڻկĵҺı
һʿڻկҺĺЦģ̫³ˣϴϴ͸ǵˣͱŪˡ˷ѣׯǸǣҲˡҵģ
һӺڻկҺԳҪˣ˹ɫֻϴáǻҵ˰ɡ
Ϊһò޳Ӻһϴ΢ЦаһƱ
ıʮֹϣһЦȷʵֻϴʸáҪЩׯŮҲ͹ˡ
ĺҲû֮ŮҲֻϴʸá
һܹΪڻկ죬ΪʵǿһΪ㹻ĺڻկʮ󵱼ңһеߡںڻկֻĴ󵱼ңȨСֶ֮£ɼһߡ
¡¡
Ȼ֮䣬Ǻڻկ֮⣬һ´һ֮ɱ֮洫
Ϯ
һɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫǹ⻷ƣһǳ֮֮ϡ
ʱֱ̤֮ڣһˣͬˣǶ
ɨ˺һһ۵һһկӵˣҲϲɱˣ
ǣϣ
Ȼ̧ͷâһһӶ˹Ȩȣǣǹ⣬źһֱӺȥ
ʲôˣҵʲôطǣ
һɫ䣬ǹ֣γһͷǳ׻̽צһץŶֱץȥ
Ȩһǳ׻֮ϣǳ׻Ƭ˳һңֱӽǺһԴ顣
ϴ󣡣
ϴ󣡣

󵱼ҼһĻֱӴһʩչط˷ȥ
һЦȨһָǹɳһ´󵱼ҵϡ
󵱼ҵ΢΢һͱʬǣڵϡ
ǺڻկĴ󵱼ұնɱ֮ڻկͱ׵ĹƣвƸͳͳС
һ㳡֮ϣ˴Ӻڻկ֮޵ĸԴ
ɢű뺷ϢǼ׵ļʿվǹ㳡֮ϣ뻮һѪζ
ҫ˻ʣ죡̶̲һ£͹ʮɽկһȺں֮ѵΪս治֮һ߻ӣҲ˻ʣ̫ˣ
վı󣬿Ǽ׵ļʿг˸ӡ
ʿ湥һɽկ֮޵ĵˡļӳ֮£ʮѪսһѸٳɳΪѪ
Щɽկֱӿң׻˽顣
һɽկλãеĵϸգȻܵסĽ
֣
һָһǹֱû񷡣
һǹâҫֱӸ֡
һǹ֮أŹ㳡֮ϸԴһ
ǸԴһ»ǹ⣬һû˹㳡֮ϵļʿڡ
ǹ㳡֮ϵļʿɵǹ⣬Ϣܱܽ׷ͻƣ󲿷ֶʿֱӽ׳Ϊʦʵʱһء
һĻĿɿڴͻˣ̫ˣ˻ʣ̫ˣ
֮У΢ǿԺʮǡʮɷǡܹս֮ǿԼߵٶȡ
Ϊˣҫ˻ʲŻ˿ֲϹŻΪ䡣
ȻǣҪӿߵٶȣҲҪԴ湥ʮɽկɻ˴Դܹмʽ֣ǿµʵ
浭Ҳȥ
ǣϣ
΢΢һΣڹ㳡֮ϡ
ޱ֣Ǹ
һָ֮Уһ΢ֱӸ֡
΢֮ʮʮɷǳֱӸ֡
Ҿʹʮ֮е
һ仰ո£֮Уǵǳâҫһǹһڶ֮ϡ
ѵıǳһһǳkǱޣ𼶵ǿߡǵǹһڶϣֲǹͽǿǳȫܽͬ
ǿޱȵǹڶ֫ٺ֮һ³ƿǶһԾ׳Ϊһǿߡ
лΪǸūضΪϾϹѣ
һĨϲ֮ɫһ¹ڵϣſ֮ɫ
磬һѱǳ޷ס澹ȻܹɵĽףֱ졣
ӽ𣬶Ǳһ±þ޴ޱȣǵۣҲǲܡ
΢΢ףǣǣŵɷǴԼĲ£Ƕֱͻƣٽһؾ
Щʿͨһӿȣڿһ˼


1474 ն
֮Թκ֮һƬܵĵ
첻µͨūǰ֮أﹶӲд
磬ǰһֻ򣡣
һһͷĿ㱨
򣬺ãֻù꣡
һӵʦΪͷĿ˫һʮŴϸȥ
򣬷ͷ
ͷĿոմʮ˸ϵ֮һʱ
ֻǴ֮ϣȷʵһֻӴĳӣȫװļʿػ
ʮҲƾɱɢһ̶ֻӼ˵ĻӲ⡣ͷĿһЩоһ˿ԤС
һȥȫץˣ߸ɱۣ
һ֮Уƽ
ǣϣ
һĿļʿкâһȻһ±Ŀֲһǹ⣬ʮֱȥ
һǴɱڼ֮̿һ֮󣬻챩ǣѾһǿߡ
ˣͶ
ͷĿĿɿڴһ·ڵϣɪɪ
һ𼶵ǿ߿Կɣһ˾ܹӪľӡЩ翹ֻ·һ
һһᣬһǹۣ֮һ֮ǼʮһֱӾ𣬴ֱӳڵϡ
Щһ翹֮һʣֱӽ˽顣
ɽһ֮ЩǱϵ棬ѵ
һͳ˧һֻ˶ӣһ·ɨǵڳ֮ǰһˡɽկֱӵƽ
оװǱнѵǱӶһա
ǻ֮أͬɨһУ֮һкڰͳͳƽµҲͬѩһ׳
֮λڻ֮룬Ҳɱ¾ıѵĻ֮Ψһĵط
κһ֮ǣͱػ֮ƶĸɷͻᱻɱڻ֮ʬ档
ΪĽ紦֮УҲӵزʮַ
֮ǳ
֮ǳĪһԹ߻棬߽ӽҪ̲һ֮ǣ
ͳ´һ·ɨнѣţµսʿѾǧˡ
ҪһֻҲֻ»֮ǣпܰ쵽
һͷףƵһЦԹ߻Ȼ˻ʣǱϾֻǸովѡĪΪԳ֣ȻԽѹ
Īӣ˻ʣҫӵв˼һ֮ɱӡ
һЦɱӣʲôô
Ī΢΢һЦ˻ʣһɳض޵СһͳʱǶǵ֮λͻ巢ڿɻֵܹסһ˻ʵĽ
Ϲ䡢֮ǿƣʥǵۼǿҲûжϾ
ߴ˻ʵ֮ɱϣǿ䡣սǿϵ֮ء
ߴ˻ʵͽܣɱɾ
嵮˵ڰ˻ʣȻǿ߳ɱ
Ĭһᵭҿ԰ɱӣɱҪ֮ǵ󡣡
֮ǵ˰һʾ޴ޱȵĲƸȫĪС֮˰ն˵Ҳһʾ޴ĲƸ
Īɫ䣬˺һᣬŹϵɽ
һʮǱ˽еˣˣɱˣԹ߻ɱˣ
ħɷأ
ĪһĨŭ֮ɫ
ħɷǻ֮֮еһֻ𼶵ǿͳ˧
һֻħɷһƣɱһǿߡ
һҰ״еħɷѾƣͳ죬Ѿ䣡
˻ʣ˻ʣҪɱ㣡һ֮
ĪϢѣ
ҲһĨɭޱȵɱãӾԲܹ
Īһ뿪Ϳһ׵ߣһ·ɨ֮ͳͳkֱӴݻ١
·ǧɢѪϢսʿ
Ⱥ֮Уһͷ峤ߴʮ׵ǹ꣬ǹ걳ϣһǴ֮һˣ档
վͬһҳϵˡ
棬ҵĻ֮ǣһ֮ǣ޹ɱһ֮ǵˣ
Īâǹҫһŭһ±仯Ϊһͷ峤ߴףɢ
˻ʣϣҪ˻ʣΪ˻ʣԭ
âһһŭХǹ⻷ƣһֳԲΣһͷ峤ߴһףǹ
һͷǿ߼Ԧǹ⣬
Ԧǹ⣬ͷɱһ
̤նУ˺ǿգϷһֱӲȥ
ǹ⻷ƣγһ֮ε֮ڣ޴ӡ
֣
һЦһǹҫһǹմ䣬γһ֮
һе֮һֲޱȵĽâ˺Ѳ񷣬նͷ֮ϡ
ǹⴹ䣬ͷֱӱǽâնأ֮е䡣
ĪĿɿڴԼ۾ˣˣ˻ʣôô£
ڽֻ۷ǿߣȴһնɱһǿߣֱĪͨ׹ߡ
һ֣е֮һ·֮С
γɵ֮Ȼǣſһ̣һھͽĪȥ
һֲޱȵǹߵڸ֣Ī仯ɵһĪ仯ͱʳƬ
ˣ
ˣ
˻ʣ
ǿ˻ʣͶɣ

Ī硢֮ǻ֮еǿǶʧȥս⣬׷Ͷ
µĴֱɱ֮ڣ֧֮ǡ
֮ǵıǲٴνף
һ㳡֮ϣ˴Ī籦֮ռԴ濴ЩԴ¶һЦ⡣
֡΢֣
һָǹû֮С
ǡ΢˫ֱӸ֣һǹⴹ佫ЩԴһǹֱûڡ
ǵǹ֮Ϣڽһͻƿֱӽ׳Ϊǿߡ
֮ԹκĽ紦ӵзḻޱȵԴҲǳ֮һĴǡ
ǻ֮Ǳ湥ݵϢ֮ǳ綼Ϊ֮䶯


1475 
ӣȻҵʥּɱ
Թʹʵǳõ֮Ϣ֮󣬲ϲŭŭХֲޱȵǹ֮лص
ǹ֮Уſǿޱȵľ磬ǳûдȥ
ǳŭХӿɭɭɱ˻ʣ˻ʣ㽫ЩŵĻںδʱҪ˻ʣ
ʼ顣ǳѾԹʵۣںܣմȨһ֮һˡȨƣǳȻܷ
滯澹Ȼ˻ʣҲǳĵˡΪ沼һ֮֡
ֻǳǵ͹˻ʵĿֲȥĴ̿ȫûΪ
Щ̿ĲƸԼӪװҲ֮졣
ǳһĨɱһЦȥʲôطãȻȥ֮أǾ˭ҲȲ㣡
Թʹ

һ񱭱ԹʺֱӶ˵ϣķѣһ
ū澸
ǹ֮ڵĹŮǶɫ䣬һڵϡ
ȥ
Թʺ
ǹ֮еĹŮȫߡ
Թʺ־ŭг˿־壺ǸСȻ˻֮ǣȻ򣡣֮ǳĪһǿߣҲζǸСȻӵпֵʵô뾩£ô֮죿
浱ûоֻǣֻһżͽҲ൱ʿˮƽһѣ£Ѿնɱʿֽٶȼֱ졣
Թʺһ뵽Լĵ棬ʳѰ
ԹʺһתҰοҪȻҹݻ֮ǣˣһ壬ôܷŹһ˻ʣҳһ壬ҲԲŹ
κʹ
κӮһ̾˻治Ϲʱ֮ʡѱǳ£Ѿնɱǿߣǲ˼飡
Թ߻ҫ˻ʵ鴫κûжáκûоôԸʱǻ֮ǾѾ¡鱨һκӮ۱
κӮ絭Ӯţ
ڣ
һŤһһŤ֮еֱӸ֣ϥӮǰ
ӮɭޱȵɱðӥӪϧһдɱԹ߻棡ϧһдۣ
ӥӪκںڰ֮еһҪʣնɱ˻ʡ

һɫĹâ΢΢һӮֱʧ
ʹ
ҫ˻ʣᡣʱҪ˻ʣҵʱ
ʵҮкâǣ
ūڣ
һһɫǹ֮еһ¹Ү͵ǰ
ҮһĨб֮һЦӪȥ˻ʵ׼ûңҪ˻ʵ׼һľƱ
ǣ£
ǹӦһһڹ⣬ʧ
Թһɽ֮С
һŰ£òųһ˿âѲ£Ѿնɱ֮ǵĳ˻ʣֵҳȥһ
һɵһɽ֮С
һĸߴҰĲĺӸɽ£ҰĵĻ棺Ǵ֮˻ʽܹնɱ˻ʣǿԽһ˻ʸǿĹҵ
˻ʣȥͶһǼ嶼ԴΪڷɣ

֮һս˻һ£Ϊǳ½ķͬҲΪǿڱɱĶͬʱҲ˲ŻŲͬĿģŻ֮ƶ
֮ǡ
һ۴ͣڻ֮⡣
һ̫ԼʮԹԱ֮߳
һ֮ԶһͳһȫװսʿΧס
һɿޱȵɱǰսʿ֮
׳ļʿȻȫǴʦߣ֮ǣȻ˾ļʿ
ԹԱ֮УһԼʮ˾꣬òӢӲɫĿһսʿһһĨ֮ɫ
Թ֮УʿǿߣѾԳΪԹݿ֮У󲿷ֵʿͽǣǷˡ
һټʿȻǴʦǿߣּļʿֻи󽫾Ӳܹӵ˿ֲ֡
Ϊ׵ͳ츩̫ʲôˣ
һ̫Щʿ˿壬Թּ̫࣬ʥ֮ǰʥּ߻Ӻڣǰӭּ
ͳԹּ̫࣡ɣҶ򣬿ǣ
һʿһ³սݺݵĵԹԱһУһɿֲޱȵɱⱬѹȵЩԹԱһɫ䡣
ĹԱ¶һ˿Цױ񣬿߻ѾʥּСֻҲûԹ
ּ̫ɫһ䣬ҧͳ
ͳĴ֮£ּ̫һ˻֮ǵĳڣ档
ʥּ߻ӹӭּ
ּ̫һ棬ֺ
ֱӶϻ
ɨּ̫һ
ʱѾ¸ƣǿ꣬ҲǸԱⰵɱССͽ
ˣʵگԻ߻ΥûаʱִҪְ߻ϽţΪ߻ӻؾУԱ
ּ̫һĨ⣬ֱӴʥּ
浭֪ˣʥּ£ǹɣ
ּ̫һĨŭɫ߻ӣʥּؾּ۾ѹ֮ȻΪӣҲһūȥūضʥΪԼ䡣
ЦЦĿּ̫һǻ𣿻˵ǳɱģ
ϣ
һ龳ļʿֱӴ˷߳ڶħͳ˧֮£Ŀּ̫һУֻҪһͻὫּ̫ն顣
µļʿǱɽˣѾӻ֮ͶļʿЩʿʶ涯ǵĿֲȳݣΪ񡣾ԹʵǰһҲտ
͹͹
ּ̫һ±ŵɫףг˿־塣
߻ӲԹԹһΣˣ
ʵ۱°߻ӱƷˣ

ЩԱǼһĻɫһ±ò԰ޱȡ
̬ѾʮԣѾԹĳ͢УѾ൱ڷԹһ뵽˻ʾȻǵĵˣЩԹĹԱоͳ־塣
ţȻ߾ѹǿУ
Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬һЦɱһѸٵĴȥ
Ѿൽǧ˵߾һ¼ϡ


1476 նʥ
ǹ⻷ƣǧʦϵ໥Ӵޱȵһγһ޴ޱȵߣɢ۷弶Ŀֲ֮
֣
һָ֮УӰ֣һǹһһ޴ϡ
һ޴ޱȵǹ⣬һ·󻶺һŤһ죬߻һɢſֲǹ֮
һǹ֮̽צһץһֲֻޱȵצų֮һ̶ֻӺݺץȥ
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôҪǣ
군ˣ

̶֮У˶ɫ䣬ž֮ɫ
̶֮УһòͨȻһĨâǹ֮ƣһƽ֯һ±Ϊһͷ峤ףŽëֳһɫĽëԳ
飡
һͷëԳһĨײ֮ɫһХֳɫݺһ޾ǹ⣬֮һǹֱ֮Ӻȥ
¡
ǹ֮̽צһץݺݵץɫ֮ϣǿһ±ֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ
һ̶ֻ֮ʮ˶ǿֲޱȵ֮»촷ۡ
ǳһºݺݵײڳǽ֮ϣǳǽ֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ǹ⣬ʥա
ͬӵвͬ淨ʿ磬ʥʿһͿԻһµλ档ǳ磬ʥȻʥʿƻȴԶԶʿʥʿ
ëԳʥ㾹ȻĵǱҵأһ̣
Ԧ޾ǹ⣬һն䣬ŽëԳնȥ
棬ôҵģ
ëԳһĨɻ֮ɫһֱӺȥ
ëԳѾʩչһ֮شϢķţʥԸ֪kĴڡkûжκһ֮ǾѾ淢ֱ֣˷˼
˳㣡
һЦأγһޱȵǳУ޾
һһԻһֻĴһޱȵǳ֮УһǳвϺ顣
ǳֻʣһʱһľ
һǹ֮ûһצ̽ڽëԳʥϣǽëԳʥϵѪֱ˺һ顣
˭ң㶼棡ϣҪ˻ʣ
ëԳʥâһصŭ֮ɫǹҫ˿֮УӶԦſֲޱȵǳ֮ȥ
֮УѾռĸ֮أǿϵġ
ǿʱѾϹǿƵʢһһ˻ʽǿֻ֮
ʥ
浭һЦһָһֲޱȵû񷡣
΢ǡǡǳ֣ޱߵǳ֮γһһڽëԳʥ֮ϡ
ëԳʥ΢΢һ·𱻶֮еĳһ㣬֮£á
ʥ
һһָһǹ֮Ȼеצ֮ϣ˺գһצǽëԳʥĻ磬˽ëԳʥؿڣһͽǽëԳʥؿں顣
죬Ϊʲô˺壡
ǽëԳʥؿ֮Ǿ޴˿ڣһһ˺ѷεĺ֮
屾ֻޡū͡ʳߣǳȴߴ˻ʣһе߸Ϊס
ޡǿѾϵ֮أӲд徹Ȼֵһ˻ʣֱ˾
ǻ򵥣Ϊġ졯壡
һЦӽһնһâն£ǽëԳʥһնء
ȻΪôֻһܡǾֵ࣬˳
ͬʿ磬ԶʱڵʱЩ߶̬֧֮λҲǸ֡
˴ʿʵۺճ֮Ѿ֧һСֳﶼ̬Ϊ
Ȼ֮䣬һӰ΢΢һһɫӰӴӰ֮Ծһצ̺ʥĿֱֲӴȥ
ӰʥͿˣ޴͸ëԳʥһйңԸɺܶ鷳㾹ȻҪɱң޲ɼ
һЦеǳһӣأһǹֱӸ֣ǰ
ӰʥһצֱӴһǹ֮Уһһصǹֱӱkһצ˺顣
һǳֱ֮Ӵһ´Ӱʥצ֮ϡ
һɿֲޱȵֱӱɳǧԶ
Ӱʥ׷ɱ棬һǹֱ֮ӷɳ̽צӰʥֱץȥ
ɶ񣡣
ӰʥһĨʣһŤһӰԶӶȥ
սëԳʥʵԶʤӰʥëԳʥѾɱӰʥǼȥҲֻ·һ
꣡
ʤ

ǻ֮Уһ±춯صĻ֮
ǽëԳʥһʥǿߣǳ֮ǿߡڹȥkһ˾ܹ֮еɱøɸɾһëԳʥȻУֱ˲˼顣
ּ̫һĻɫ԰ףг˿־֮ɫëԳʥˣһʥ֮һȻնɱˣô죿ڻ˭ܹƵס
ʥǿߣԹҲֻ𣬵kǶѹһˣںһĴڣ׳
һҲֻʥھȻһʥֱ䣬춼һ롣
˻Ҳδ̫ǿ˰ɣžѲ£Ȼʥնˣ
ּ̫һеԱһĻҲ֮ɫһ˼顣
ʵϾϹʱڵߴ˻ʣҲûɳô졣Ϊ汾һǿߣ൱ڿҿһȡ
˻ʾ֮󣬻ҪСǵʹ÷ţȸһĽ
ͽǵİ޼ɵĵǵ
ֻҪԴ㣬һ֮ھֱܹӽ׳Ϊǵۼǿߡ
温·һ壬Ȼ治ǰɱҡգҾеһ壡ǿԸһͬһ壡
ԸΪ˻ʱЧ
ǧޱȵ߾һ¹ڵϣ룬ֱ
ĹԱüͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿֮ɫһ壿߻ӵЩʲôǧ߾ôһĶ֣
һӴޱȣǿƣꡣǧ߾ôҲܼһ塣
һ£֮ǶʼжеʶѹһգγһֻӴޱȵĳӣһֱ֮ӿȥ
һԶǧ߾֮⣬ǧʹӾӣˣƺƵһɱȥ


1477 
֮ػᰲԭһǲᰲԭ֮
ᰲԭ֮ڣһƬ಻ϣޱȵȺȺǲĽͥ
ǽ֮ͥڣһˣĿ࣬òֿͷϳһǶһβǲ֮е
žƣһһ̾ëԳʥˣǸ˻ʣôôǿȻ˫ʥ֣ûɱkkѲŲ£
һķӦѾʮֿ죡ʥһõ˻ռ˻֮Ǻ໥ͨ˳Թֱ֮ɱ
ʥҪ͵Ϯһһʮþȵ飬ʧܡȴһһӣеζΪ֮塣
ˣɱˣ˻ʣ˻ɱˣ
һһ֣е
ɫ䣬һץʲô˵һ㣡˻ʣôɱϳ֮أѵҪ𣿡
ʥĿֲ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬΢΢һΣֱӴӽ֮зɳ
ֻǽ֮⣬ǧ߾Դǹ⻷ƣһ峤ߴǧףɢʥֲǹ֮֮С
ǧ߾֮Уһˣ档
ɨһңǲӽ𣬾ͻΪʷ
ǲİǣԲκˣ棬Ѿ綼ĵˣ㾹Ȼһ壬ֱϳ֮ǻüһ㣬Ҳֻ·һ
ڤ粻飬Ǿȥ֣ɱkǣ
һǹ֮֮£ݺһצֱݺ¡
һŭХǹҫһ±һͷ峤ߴ׵ǣ̽צǹ֮ݺץȥ
¡
һ֮Уֱӱǹ֮һĳ⽴
£
£
ɱЩ࣡

սǲһ˷ͳ˧߾
һ֮еǹ֮ϹǲǿͳͳɱǲĵֿȻһ£ǧʹӾһ¹ǲ֮ڣǲնɱ
ܿǲͱֱӹݣǽ֮ͥУɻ˴Դ
ֱٻǣЩԴֱԼսʿʵ
ǧʹӾ׷ɱ䡢Ͻ߾һǧˡ
ǲ֮һ죬ͼ֮ͦ
ģѵħԳ
ҫҽ
ǻ֮Уһͷǹ֮޼ɵǹ⣬ǹ֮ƬƬħԳƬ
棬ȥ
һɢ۷ѵħԳɢŲŭ𣬴ʮľȥ
һЦ
֮һøǿǹ֮̽צһģݺݵѵħԳϣѵħԳͬkߵļʮֱĳ⽴
ѵħԳһѵħԳĵֿͱ߽⣬µļʿնɱ

ΰ˻ʱ£Ը⳼
ǰ
ǹһǧսʿ
ò
ΰ˻ʱ£òԸ⳼
һһѩöĽС磬ʮɰ峤ǰ
峤ʮСŮ
ǲѵħԳնɱһ֮һһ¿ʼֻ߽⡣֮һЩū۵СһʮֹϵѡͶ档
Щͳελǿһ壬ȴ׷ɢһܲͥķ۶ȥ
Ҳһ·սͥͦ
沼õ˱鲼߾ΧһĴɱ͵ȸֶζ׵ƽ⡣
ǧһľ򶼱׽ɱƵһڽڰˣϹ
µ߾Ҳǲϵս֮вߣִͥʱ߾Ѿߴǧˡ
ʹӾٵǧˡ
һЩ䵱ӵĻ֮Ҳ֮лͻƣʹӾ֮ڡ
֮ͥ⣬ǧֱһһֲޱȵǹ֮ϷƣɢʥĿֲ
Ѫս֮ҲռĸԴԼĲ£ʱǰǧѾɳΪһֲֻޱȵ涯ǵѾ۳ʥǹ֮
ǰǧ֮Уһˣ档
Ǿ˻ʣ
Ȼͥ
ɶ񣬲ۣôᵮһ


ͥĳǽ֮ϣЩһǿǿ·һĨ֮ɫ
֮ͥڣиʮӢ
ʮӢɴɱʥǿߡ
һǿ߿·İǧȴһľҳһս
浭Ӱʥң
һ˿Ӱ΢΢һǳǽ֮ϣһ³ӰʥӰӰʥ󣬷ֱվʨ챪ԳЫ컢
һʥǾһ˵Ĵڡ
ӰʥùֵӰһ̾ŵ̬˻ʱ£һ֮ǰвˡֻҪԸ˱뿪һԸ⳥һʧ
һĨ裬ҧͷĬ
֮ͥڣʮɴ֮նɱһʥǿߡ
ʮ֮ǰಢͳҪɴ󣬼Ϊѡ
ǰǧȴ뻯һнֹʹָ漤սʮֻ¸ǧĶ֡
Ӱʥһ壬һֻѡ߳ǵ翹ô֮գЩһĹ壬Ҳôˣ
ӰʥһĨâ˻ʱ£֮ͥУʮǿֻܾͥˡ˼
һЦ˫ġ
ͬһĶ߳һǹ⻷ƣһʥĿֲϢ֮ϯķ
ӰʥһĻĿɿڴŲ֮ɫ𣡣㾹Ȼ׳Ϊʥ
ôܣ
ѵıǳֻһһǳһǱҲ𣡣ôܽʥ
ڴɱ֮ǰֻھȻ׳Ϊʥ

ǳǽ֮ϵһĻжһ˿˿⡣
ʱ䣬׵ʥֶμֱĪ⡣


1478 
涯ֶΣǿʥ֮͸֧ǱһҲʥ֮ҲԽû˽ǵ۵Ŀܡ
ڶ˵Ѿʮ㡣Ҫ֪֮ǰûܹʥӵǼıǳʵҲɷǵʥ΢ǿһЩ
ӰʥҪǵֻͥսһǧ߾ΪۣͥΪҵū嶼ᱻҴ㣬ᱻ壬ȷҪ翹𣿡
һָ֣һǹֱӴ䣬һǹ֮ϡ
һǹ֮õļӳ֣ϢһɰۼĿֲѹֱѹķ
ӰʥԼɫ䡣
浭ͶΪҽȻһһͬʡֻҪҵķҾͲܵ˵衣
Ϊ˻ʣӦΪءԹκ˻ΪУҲֻܹշʵһ壬ΪԼı۰
ӰʥһĨâ׷ʵԵ棿
ǵȻ˻һŵǧ𡣡
ӰʥĿ˸һ̾ãһ壬ͷΪΪЧ
ʨĿ˼Σһŭ𣺡ɣһУôܳ˻ʣʹӰʥ𣿡
컢ҲһĨâȵһսҲԲͶ͸᳼ˣӰʥͲһʥߣ
ҲΪǵˣΪһĴУ˻ʲɵУΪһ壬Ƕȥɣ
ӰʥĿһȻ𣬴һĨӰһצʨֱӺȥһɲ֮䣬kצӾʹʨ࣬һͽʨڳ
һԵ챪Ҳ΢΢һ̾˲䱩һצ컢֮ϣ컢ֱӺɡ
컢һ𺧣Ѫ챪㡭
Ϊһ壬ɣ
Ӱʥһ̾һצ컢ͷ­֮ϣޱȵǳ֮һʣ컢ͷ­ֱӺ䱬
ǻ˭Ͷ˻ʱ£
Ӱʥնɱʨ컢֮Ŀ֮гɱȥ
ʮֹϵͬͶ˻ʱ£
һ˻ʾѾǿÿֲǧ߾޵С֮ͥе־ɳǣпһսӰʥȻѾͶ棬챪ضΪk֧ߡ
Ӱʥ֧֣֮ͥеǿѾֵܵı档һˣһʱѡ
ЫĬһͬ⣡
Ҳͬ⣡
ԳһĵӰʥҧгݣ˫ȭգһԲ
Ӱʥһ̾ĿԳһۣԳҺͽëԳʥڹȥȷʵжԹһδɱ˻ʣҿԷģû˽ġһͶ˻ʣҲͬû˽ģ
ëԳʥԳʥߡëԳʥ֮ԳҲ渴һ䡣
Գҧгݣһ˫ȭգһ̾ҲͬͶ˻ʣ˻ߣ
һɹʶ֮󣬾Ϳʼʨ컢Լ֮ͥһЩԸͶ岿䡣
һޱȵɱֱ֮ͥӴ򿪳ţӰʥ컢Ȳдӭ
ͳ˧Ĵֱӽ֮ͥڣһС
һ֮ޱȵԴС
ʨ컢屻ֱӴϴһ飬ҲӪ䵱ڻҡ
챪ͶĲ䣬ǻʹͣʨ컢Լĵ̺Դ
ͥϢͬһˮըǳ֮УһȾ󲨡
Թ
ͥˣӰʥͶϣôܣѻ꣬ôܹͥ
ԹʵǳһǸϢʱһŤ˿־壬ֱӽߵһ񱭺ݺݵĶڵϣֵĺš
һ֮ǿƣꡣ֮أҪʮѡ
۹һԶԹĶ֡ԹҪԶһ壬ǾѰ·֮жӵĻ͵·ͿԽԹľɱһ롣
˻ʣҲǿҿ˽ȣ׻˽֮صĵͼãȻ׼˸ӦԶ޵ҩܹһ·ɨһ塣
ǧ߾˿ǧһ壬ֱ漣֮е漣
Թʵǳһĺе߻ѹѹ棡
һʥּӻʹ֮дַС
Թ֮пѹʥǿ߾ŵҫƺšԹ֮еֱΪһ
ǳһ£۹󽫾ʯֱӹ˧ͳ˧Ż֮ǽ
κӮҲʮֹϣɳκߴȹ̹ϹڹŻ֮ǽ
һ⽻ʹ֮жܿʹ˹ʶ
ԹκУҪɱһ˻ʣʥּ֮£ľǿ
ÿһֻߴʮһʮӼǵʹӾԼָӣ͵ٶ
ԴӴޱȵľɣԹκǿҧ֧ǿֲޱȵġ
һ·֮ϣû赲һֻɱʥߵĿֲ
ʵ֮ǰҲûκһֵܹסʮֹֻ
ΨһܹʮֵֻķֻǿµĺڡһʮӼʹӾڱģǿκһҶ֧š
һ·оҵľӺܿɱ˻֮ǰ
ǻ֮ǵǰһ߾ѾԴ
߾ΧֱԳЫ챪ܲ
֮⣬һĶʮС乹ɵƾ
澲һ߾֮Уᡣ
ʯһ߾룬棬ʱЦһ£һ̾û뵽ҾȻҪһ˻ΪУһ˻ʻҵԹ˻ʣ
κԪ˧ɺҲЦһ£˻ʣǿ£Ѳ꣬Ѿһ塣ڣ徹ȻҪԸ˻ʣһ壬ȻΪ˻ʵĲ£ǻ
˻Ӧ֮ʣͳ˧ѹ塣˻ʾȻƵΪ֮һ뵽ʯɺЩΡ
ʯĿ΢΢˸߻ӣؾֻҪֿһؾԸͷİȫֻҪһؾ°֮Ҷ߾ȫ֧ΪԹ֮ʣ
ɺĿ΢΢һûгֹ
ķֿصԹɺҲԻûϧһдɱ档


1479 
˻ʣע£ʯҪǳңȥǲǾȥ
߾֮УĿ䣬һָһǹֱ񷡣
ǲ֮УһֱӸ֣һǹֱӽ䣬Ӫγһǹ֮ϡ
һǹ֮⻪ҫһɢۼĿֲѹϯķ
˻ʤ
˻ʤ

֮Уһ´춯صĺ֮ж˿֮ɫ
һ֮дַʢУǿʳȳǿߡ޵еһ壬kǾͽΪԼػԼ
ǹ֮£ǹ䣬ǿϣʱǿһøǿֲ
ǣ
˵֮У˻ʿԵӳ־ս֮У޵УԲ٣
˻ʣǵĶ־Ȼ˻ʣ

֮еսʿ֮еǣһĨ֮ɫ
ԴϹ䣬һ˻֮ǡǡ΢Ǿͼ൱ػǡ
ڿǾȻӳһϣʱЩսʿ鶯ҡ֮ΪľӣнֹʱѾ
ʥΥһ󷨣ˣ
ʯһ̾һĨᶨȵ
֮йâһһɳɫǹ⹹ɵǹȻֳ֣һɫĳǹ
Ϸǹһһͷ峤ߴ׵ɫ֣ɢһ˿˿ֲޱȵ
Ϸâҫγһߴף쫷绷Ƶķ
һϷһһͷֱӸ֡
Ϸǹҫһͷֱ֮Ӹ֡
Ϸǹһһߴ׵ľֱӸ֡
ɺкâһȵȹ̹Ϲڹ󷨣նɱˣ
κߴϷһ¹âҫɢŲͬâֳִ󽣵ľֱӸ֣ɢſֲޱȵѹ
ɱǣ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
߾һ·һ춯صŭХԦһǹ֮һ³
ǹֱ֮һץһצͽǳγɵǹֱץ顣
ǹһǳ˶һѪˤڵϡ
ԳЫ챪ܲǿ߳ûǰȥնɱЩڵϵĳսʿ
ǲдʮ𿰱ʥĹ׷ǰһͷǹ֮ɱ
һǹ֮׺֮Ӳʮ𿰱ʥĹɱ˿·磬ͬʱϵشʮ𿰱ʥĹ
·һ߾Ҳսʿɱսʿ˫һӴսʿбļ
˻ʹȻ鴫ֻܹһˣ
ʯһ̾һ̤ȥ
ɺҲ΢΢һΣԽսһʥǵ֮
ҪɱңƾûǸʸ񣡣
һЦ˫ġ
Ӱʥʥֱӷɳʯɺʥֱס
ս֮ϣ߾ǿ֮Ҳֻʱ⡣
һȫܣʯɺʥҲӱΧɱĽ֡
Ȼ֮䣬һǹҫʮǹⳤ֮и֣ʮź£ɢ۷弶Ĵֱ̿Ӹ֣Ԧʮǹⳤȥ
콣ӪˣԹĴֻ̿ͣЩǵĽģ
ɨʮǿߣһЦӽһնһֲޱȵĽһʣʮĴ̿ǽ飬ֱɡ
߻ӣ㲻˻ʣϧʱ
һĵ̾Ϣ֮һüĿޱȵֳһǽ֮һ߳ɢһʥ
浭һЦ콣ӪȻʥһɱң
Թ֮Уֻʥʵϻ廹һʥ콣Ӫ
콣ӪûֻһˣȷʵĶ֡ϧ߻ӣĵ˿ɲֹһ
ң
ֱӿѣһӥĿǣһͷɫϳһӥһǳᣬһµһֳ߳һǹĶ档
΢ЦӥӪӥĻȷʵһսʸ񣡣
ټأ
һ̱һͷСӣɢһϢ⣬֮һͷֳִ󸫵һ˹
ӪӪټ㣬ڵңȷʵ˵Ķ֣Ҳֻڵңǡ΢֣
浭һЦһǹֱӴ֮зɳֱ񷡣
ǡ΢ǳֱӸ֣һǹⴹ䣬֮ϡ
ǹ⣬һ˲䣬Ϣڽһͻƿֱӽ׳Ϊһʥǿߡ
΢΢һ֮еʥڣ˼ټ϶һԵʥ̿ͣҵĶˣ
˻ʹȻ鴫
һ˿˿ҫһһŮʥҲ֮зɳһĿ档
ǳɣ
һǹ֮УͬԦǹһӪӪǰӽһնһ׾ٵĽӪӪնأȫն
ӪӪˣ
ôܣ

ĴʥһĻʱ嶼Ϊ֮
ˣ
һӽһǹγһ޽һ֪Դ̿նȥ
Դ̿;ٽһеǽһ˲䱻ն飬ҲǿֲޱȵĽһնأ
ԸУɢȻϢŮʥһ¹ڵϣʮֹϵ򻨸ܷԸΪ˻ʱЧߣǣ
㳤úÿķϣҾ㲻
΢΢һЦӽһնһνһնǰӥӪӥϣ׾ٵĽǰӥӪӥһնɱ
նɱ˰ӰӪӪĿ콣Ӫϵ콣Ӫ
ԸΪ˻Ч
콣ӪһĻЦһ£ֱӹڵϣ
ʯҲԸΪ˻ʱЧ˻ʱ
ʯһĻʮֹϣ
浭ɣ
һֹֿͣΰ˻ʱͶ˻ʱԹ߻ӣע£ǻڵʲôͶѵҪ屻𣿡
ʯһϿɣףƬս֮ϻص
Ͷ
ҽˣ
Ͷ

ʯҲֲ֧סֱӱ׷Ͷ


1480 һͳǳ
ɺһĻЦһµ˻ʱ£κܷһ·
ɣ
ɺֱȹ̹ϹڹͶֹֿͣΥն

ɺ㾹Ȼκκһ壡

κߴ֮УϷɺѡͶȴǴɺƴֿ
Ȼ翹Ǿȥɣ
Ŀ䣬Ԧ޾ǹ⣬ǲдǹǰӽն
һҫǹ˾ͱֱն顣
κһܵɣһѪڵϡ
߾Լһӵϣκʮֱɱ
ʮ֮ЩΪڻҵʹӾڱͶͶɢɢ
Ҳɻ˴ʡ
΢һ²֮ǲԹ
汾Թ߻ӵлѪͳ˻ʣֻʯͶϣ֮
ȻЩطеֿҲĴֱӽ˳㽫ǵֱֿ塣
֮󣬾Ҳû˸ҷĽ
Թʹ
ӣӣӣ
һ֮дһŭޱȵĺ֮ʬ屻ņ֮̀
ڹ̫֮ࡢŮж¶һ˿־֮ɫ
֮ڣǳ˫۳죬Ѫ˿ͬһͷ˵ҰޣȾŴ̲ѪԼĴ
ǳҧгȵٻӣ
ӣ£
ãǳǰ
ǳŻӣһڴ䣬ǸӾȻȻңԹڸڶ࣬к߿ƵУ
֮һսԹľӢһɨգʣµʥֻʣ»ӣԼ߾
һʥǿߣҲԹة࣬ʵǿᣬǶıҲǳϣ
ӵ£Ϊ֮ƣֻбûλ߻ӣ֮ߣ
ǳһĨŭɫӣҲҪޣ
һ̾£뱳ѱ¡ֻǴˣ˳߲Υơ߻ڻ֮ǣһٽʯԪ˧ҲѾԹһɨաɸΪ֮ǳҲ벻ֵ߻ӵİ취
ǳɫ䣬Ȼڻ֮ϣ૵ûа취𣿡
ӵ£÷δ߻һڡã߻Ҳδػ¶֡
ǳɫ΢΢һףһᣬͷ
ǳҸڽ÷乬ǴʱѾٳ£Ǹһ۵÷ȻΪľݣо޳
ʮ֮ĴִԹʶ
Թʵǳͳ˧ٹٳӭ
ǳãλø棬˾ӶߣΪ̫ϻʡ
Թ̫ϻʺʧɻ֮ˮ
һºԹȶֱͳ˧κ
κɫκֻʣһޱȵݿ޷ֵı档
·ͷµʱѾκκӮƴκ˲һ죬ͱ湥ơ
κҲϴ˲ء
κ֮󣬳壬ǲʹߣϣܹԹ޽ƽԼÿ䣬ʾ
治ͳ˧Ѿŵʮ˵߾
һ·֮ңƳһ¾͹˳
ҮͲͼ翹ն׼򿪳ţ׸档
նɱһա
ݳʶ֮ɳʯɺ󽫣ͳ˧ĴѹңͬʱԻΪة࣬ʼ
ԹΪӪκ֮ȻңҲȻֵסƣһֻһֻҾеҾֱնɱһǣͬҡŷնɱѪɺӡ
ǿֲѹ֮£κҲʶֶΣʵ
κ֮ͿʼϢԹĹҲʼϵĻָԽԽǿ
һҲΪʱ´󹦣˻˾޴ĺô帹ػһݷأͬʱҲһͬȨʵһһͬʵĳŵ
ʱţʮʱת˲š
Թʶ֮ڣһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣԴѻɽǵۼǿ߶Ϊ֮ĵԴ
ͳһ֮󣬵ѹԴһҵĿֲŽЩޱȵԴռȫ
Բʮռ˶Դ
滺߳ǿգ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һָһǹֱ񷡣
ǡ΢ǡֱӸ֣ǹ䣬ϡ
ǹ֮£Ϣڽһͻֱӽ׵ǵ֮
ǹ㳡֮ϵԴֱӷɳûڣ
ǵ۵ͬʱǳ֮Уһſǳǹ֮н䣬γһУֱӹעڣøӵǿ
֣ͬ׳Ϊǵۣ
˻ʱ£ڽǵˣ
Ȼǵˣ

ǳ磬һǿߵĿⶼԹķ򣬳𾪡
ǵˣ˻ʣҵĺöӣ
Թʹǳ֮гֵǳһĨ֮ɫЩ
ǳλʱһԹʮȥ֮еԹѾĥ
ӿǺһĨ֮ɫһ̾ǵۣ˵ֻǾ֮͵顣Ľ
ɺҲһĨ֮ɫȻǵۣ˵֮еľ磡˻ʣ
ԴϹ֮ǳ֮Уǵ۾ѾǿҲֻʥǿߡڿֱͻƣ׳ΪǵۣǳʥǶ˸ӵĸ顣
гҹʧ
ǹ㳡֮ϣƣһ˿˿ǵۼĿֲͬһȱɢǿϢ
Ȼ֮䣬һֲޱȵǳ֮һ³Թ֮С
ǹ֮Уһ޾ǹ֮еǳֱӸ֣һޱߵΰǳ֮д
˻ǵۣǹУִ˼Ȩٽǹڣ󣡣
һ嫵ǳ֮дһ֮ϡ
ԭˣ˵ôûǵۣԭǱӦǹڡǵ۵Ԫߴ֮ãġ졯ϲһǵڷִȨ꣡
һЦǹһֱӽǴ֮顣


1481 նɱ˻
棬ȻΥǹ٣
һŭ֮лصһһ֮⣬Ǽ׵ǿߴǹ֮һ߳
֮У޾ɱǳֱӸ֣ųɫ֮⣬ҫǼ׵ǿϡ
ʯתʥĿ֮󣬶ʱɫ䣬ʧеɱ̰ǡƾǵĻۣǵˣħ
ϣʯһԹʹȥ
ħ˻ʵ޵У
ӿһǼ׵ǿߣɫ䣬һŻʹȥ
ħ˻Уϧˣ
Ӱʥգһ̾΢΢һΣһŻʹȥ
˻ʣ
ʮʥһߣһ񣬹
ʮʥʱǿߣҲԹĵ̡
ӻֵǶ°ɣ
ǵۼǿߵսʥ߸޷棬һս֮УֻܹΪڻұԷɱ
ǣ
ʮʥҲ֪Լ޷ս˵һߡ
һħһЦȻȥ꣬˻ʻôʼ壬˶ģ
浭˭
һħȻ۾նɱ˵˻ʵİħ񣡣
ħ񣡣Ȼնɱ˵˻ʣ嵱깦һ񣡲һ㱻һ巴
Ȼħ
ħ񣡣ɱħ˻ҲնɱȻţ

ڳʥŴԣʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
ǳ֮Уʷ֮УͬҲǹͬһ˵ľħǹͬ˵ľħһض˻ʵС
ʷ֮УЩħǱ˻ɱ˻ͬھΨħ񵱳նɱ˵˻ʣɱʮڡ
Ȼʧֻ嶼Уڰʱ
棬Ȼ㲻Ը⳼ǹôȥɣ
ħһĨɭޱȵɱһŭХǹâҫųҫޱȵǹڵk֮ϡ
նɱ˻֮õkʬƶɵġնꪡרն˻ʣնꪡ֮նһУɣȻĺǣΪħ׵
һǹ⡢Թɱսһ¸ħУkֳǱսꪣ˺Ѳ񷣬һնȥ
һɲ֮䣬֮Уųֲޱȵ֮еǡ΢ǡǽ֯жǶԮ
ûǣֻܹƾ豾ʵս
ǡǡ΢ǶѾΣڲһ½ǵۣƾʲôҶ
ħɫӿͬһħףƬ֮ըѿ
ɫ䣺Ѿѹƣ˻ֻĻ䣡
ɺһ̾һĨ֮ɫúݣkѡʱ򣬶˻ʶֶֺ֣ץ˻ʵߡ˻ʣϾɳʱ̫ˣ
κʱɺȷʵԹޡͳһ֮ʩõԹ٣ȶʢҲ䡣
ʯһĨ֮ɫ˱ߣɶ̫ˣμսʸûУ
ҽֻһոս׵˻ʣȷʵĶ֡ϧҲֻ˻ʣ
濴ͬһ޵ħһħ΢΢һһġ
һֱֻ̺֮ӷɳݺݵħһġ
ħķһ˲䱻飬ֱӴ֮׹䣬һ˼飬еܣôܣѾǵˣһǹ֮вطôᱻܣôС
ΪҴˣҿߣ
ĬĬһ䣬һ֮Уһ¸ֳصӡħ֡
ӡ֮£ħ΢΢һһɫĹâ֮г룬ûڡ
һ֮䣬ħͱɣ˻ҳƮɢ
֮ɱ̰ǡƾͬųޱȵĹâ֮ҫ֮ϣϢڽ
Ȼ֮䣬ǳ֮УǳֱӸ֣ųҫޱȵĹâһǹ⽻֯걾Դںϣγһӡǣȥ
Ҫ㣬Ǿ͸ȥ֮Уֻܹһߣ
ǳ֮УһֲޱȵֱѣΰһצһöӡǺݺץȥ
κһ˵ڱһֵڶߣ൱ڸkԴҿܶԵkв
ǳ֮Уһ֣߳ôǸǳ˾ͻ飬֮ɱ
һâ΢΢һǼֱӸֳ֣֡ǶܡԦ޾ǳγһ޴Ľ磬һֻצ֮ǰ
¡
һ춯صľ֮УǼֱӱһֲֻޱȵľצɣǾ޴ǳҲֱӱ
Ǽסһ֮һ߷ӡҲֱӴ֮С
֮Уǳǹ⣬γһ֮һֱûڣǿꡣ
ߣôǱҵǳ磡
һŭޱȵǳһǹҫһǳֳۣһǳꪣ屻޾ǹ⻷ƣòӢһ߳һŭǼ
ǳ磿ǳˣ˻ʣ
һһâ΢΢һ֮УһĿǳ˻ʡ
ƾһոսķҲҵҵǳ磬Բ
˻һһһ´һɿֲޱȵų֮ųǼĴڡ
ûõģߣҲߣȨͬڱƴľʵ
һޱߵų֮һʧ
ڿȥˣǳ磬ͽҰɣ
һЦӵkһ·ɳһӰ汾
汾âһӡ֣̽צһץһֲޱȵɺڶ֣ѹ˻ģǳ˻ֱӾȥ
Ǻһ
˻һĨâǡǵǹһڵkϣγһսꪣһնɺڶնȥ
ɺڶһֲޱȵ֮һ½սͬǳ˻һͬ˽ȥ
ֲޱȵֱ֮ӱų˻ʵ㱾Դ
һöӡֱӸ֣һֱӽǳ˻ʵӡ飬ǳ˻ʵֱ֮עǼڡ
Ǽõǳ˻ʵ鱾Դһ³˿ֱӻ뿪ʼ


1482 
ǳ䵽ҵˣ㣬ʼոɣ
նɱ˳˻֮һĨâ
ֱ֣һϸֳصӡ
üģһԲγɵӡֱӸ֣һޱȵĲƣǳ֮ȥ
ǳһӴޱȵ汾ԴԴԴϵĳȡûڡ
һָһޱȵֱ£ûڡ
ת칦ӡֱӸ֣һޱȵ˵ڽ
һǿޱȵ֮ϢڽһͻƿһĿֲϢ֮л
ԴԴӿһĨ֮ɫ֮ر̫ǿˣȻֱܹո汾Դ֮
֮󣬱Ҫÿһ죬ҪķԴʱ䡣
ǽǳֱ֮ոһ汾Դ죬ֽٶȼֱ졣
ʣµ汾Դ͸ɣǼ
һָһһûǼڡ
Ǽǳ汾Դ֮һ±ĹâǼֱѿٴν켶Ŀֲ
Ǽ֮һĨϲ֮ɫлϴ
΢΢һЦǳ汾ԴΪϣЩȻø㣡
ͬӵе汾ԴͬҲֻͬ󣬿ڡ
ǳΪĵ磬ıԴڼԦǳ֮Ǽ˵Ϊϲ
㣡칦ûУ
칦ϡ
һϢһûԺ֮С
濴ЩϢ֮üͷ΢΢һ壺칦أǼ֣
졢졢ʵɱ󾳽硣κһҪ춼ʮѡ
Ƕı֮У治˶칦ͬʱ˵kص־ͷطټĿֲݳ칦š
Ҫ칦أİ취һͬͨɰ壬ӵΪͷ
취濴һֱۣӷ޳ɹĿԡ
һͷȫԽֱӴ򱬣ʿ·һ
һʿ磬ζһʿ֮ڣûн֮Ŀܡ
֮⣬ǲϵʿڵں棬ʿܼ
ʿܹһٸǳ棬ǲӴҲ׳Ϊǿߡ
Ҳոħ硢ǳ汾ԴԼһ֮Ҳͻƽ׳Ϊһǿߡ
֮⣬·ߣһǻ֮е䣬Щ졣һǰһǿڵ棬ոһ㱾Դ
к䶼֮Լӵͷ֮У֮⣬ֻЩزһЩĿǰʵȥֱ
ֻʮʥ֮вŻᵮЩĵض֮ͷС
Ϊˣɢ޵߶ͶЩ֮ԼΪ˻䡣
ӵжıأͶκδֻ·һô˵ʣµľֻһ·Ǿǰһǿڵ棬ոһ㱾Դ
Ŀǰӵе꣬ӵǿڵ棬ֻһ档
붼濪սһˮĺûᣡ
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ƽʱ򣬾ӵ㣬Ҫһǿߵı棬ҲѰ·
֮սУӵ˿Ի˳Ŀܡ
֮սΪգʲô鶼пܷʿڵľ֮£һ·ɳ㣬һٽɱ
뿪֮ǰһȰźˣ
΢΢һΣһ½ٵǳ֮Уʼ顣
棬һ澧֮ǰ
һ˿˿ҫһ澧֮ǰ澧ڣһĨ֮ɫ
Ǿر湳
澧֮ϣһīĿֲ޹Ĺס澧ڣͨһ澧ڣǸһһ淽ȥ
湳ͷһڼ״̬汾Դƶɵľر
һ湳У湳֮ǻԹͻὫеһһ棬֮Ԩ
һ湳ֻܹʹһΣһʹã濪ʼ֮ս󣬾ͻʧֱЩͷҲࡣ
濴һֲޱȵ湳΢΢һݣ֮УΪµǽ걩¶ߡʿԲܹ¶ʿ֮Ѿԭά֮ʧ֮Ҳҵʿꡣ
֮УǿƣꡣľӢӵиַ˼ǿޱȵرǿԷ֮սر֮湳ֻ֮һ
㣡
һ£ֱӴı߳üİԲ̸֣һɫĹâֱû澧֮С
һ͸ֱͨӸ֣һ׹֮У澧֮ڡ
Խ澧ڣͿһ档
ܼߣʿ̲˹棬滹ѷһ
ţݻķʽָһЩԸҵľл9ݻ
һͿʼݻ
⣬ЩԵһ汻ܼ1ԴƣȻ汻Ϊ9
ʿԭܼ1̲ܼ֮Ҳֻǽ2ζʿ֮еӵ칦Ϳһֱֱ졣
ܹ֮죬ΪſԽ졣
һֱʿ磬ʱҲһһ۷ǿߡ
ǳһܼΪ3棬ڵʿ绹Ҫʤһǳ汾Դոһ󲨣Ѿ˥٣ʿҲֻʤһ
ħ磬һܼΪ0棬ΪħԵһߡ
Ȼܼһɲ䣬ħĸ֮£1ʿõν֮Ҳʼ3
ܼԽߣԽסܼԽͣԽѡ


1483 Ǳ붼
ǰܼ4
Ŀ˸ռԴѸٵĻش
һĨâ4棬磬ѾҾǿ档ܺãɨ裬Ѱ֮ӣ
ǣɨ迪ʼ
˫֮Уһ¸ֳصӡ
һޱȵĲƴ˫֮и֣üģԲֱӸ֣ɢޱȵĹâ֮е
Ѿǧʮ֮ӡ
֮սȻӵаߣȴһ˴·硣
һΨһһ˾ѹİ˴ߡ
֮£Ƕ֮е־Ϳʼǿߣһ³š
ž໥ɱͬһ㣬ջһͿԽ㡣
Ȼͨ˰壬ⶼ֮УҲ޷ͨ˰֮ӡ
˶ر֮ȴǱÿֲޱȣڶ棬ҲԶ˵
һ޵еĿֲڡ֮Ǻ棬޵еĿֲڡ
ѡ֮Ũİɣ
ɨһۣһָһȴֱӸ֡
һ̤Ǵ֮ڣ˲ԭʧ
ǡ
һɽ֮ڣһ𷢱۵ڵϣڴһĨ⣬һЦ૵˹ˣȻǲɱɱңǺݶҽгɣԲŹˣ
һ˿˿ҫֱӴ֮߳ɨǽ𷢱۵һۣ֮ӣáѡˣģʲôԸһΪõģ
Ǳ˹ɳɱȻǿϧҪɱң㻹첻
ǽ𷢱۵һЦü֮ϣһ¸ֳһɫˮһʿĿֲ֣صӡһɿֲޱȵĿռ䲨ֱǽ𷢱۵ϡ
֮ӣʿΪȻʿıر˲𣬿ϧãң
浭һЦһָ
һ˲䣬ǿֲޱȵĿռ䲨ֱƽһɫˮֱӱӡ
ôܣǿƶƵĿռ䴫ˮʥ߶ƻôƽ⣡
ǽ𷢱۵һ˼
ּĿռ䴫ͣʿ֮ʱ򶼿ƽ⣡οѾ㣡ھԵʵǰ֮ӣҲֻ·һ
浭ȻһЦָһµӵü֮ϣһڹҫһӾһ˲ʧ
â˫֮΢΢һӵһм䶼׶ȡ
ȡӵļʱЩԭˣɪļһ˻ǣѾԼδˡΪڸʵȻԼµĻԼߣδҪŪ
˷Ϊūƽ񡢹塢Ĵ׼
ɪݾһûĹ塣Լδ޸鼫ãѾϹδ޲ʼįһ̳ˣѡϷɪǴ̳˹˹
ΪڸԼĹȥб˹Ů˾ͶԼԴǲһ̿ʹɱɪ
ɪҲ֮ӣǿߵ׷ɱ֮УŻ˿ƶĴУһһʿ׵ʿֻһܹ׳Ϊʿȥ
һ˿˿΢΢һֱӷֳһɪ겨Ҳɪһģһ
һָһɫĹâֱӴ֮бһûķ֮ڡ
һɫĹâɪˣɫΣҲԳȡȴܹ׵ĳȡˣΪһ֮ıء
һĨϧ֮ɫϧ治ǳ磬ҿҶÿ
ǳ֮Уһֱһٽ׳ΪʿĿֲǿߣȻߵıһ·ңס
Ľǳ֮Уںķ롣
һڶ֮Уɪ֮Ҳһٽ׳ΪʿǿߣԻɡߣҲֻܹǱ档
ɪѾﵽ׵ıԵ״ʿû⡣
΢΢һķ֮н֯ΧԴܣһͻƣ׳Ϊʿ
ΧһۣһĨϧ֮ɫ⸽Ѿûˡ
ĿֲֻҪ΢΢һɨ֪Ƭûʲôء֮Ķ
Ƭӵȫ˹˳µķס
ûȥˣ˳Ҳɪһβɾ
΢΢һһ´ԭʧ
ڰ˹ߵѧԺǶʮߵѧԺ֮һܹ밲˹ߵѧԺֻдӵܡû塢ƽ֮еš
ɪû֮еţƾԼŬ˰˹ߵѧԺͬʱҲż帴˵ϣ
ɪΪʲôҪ
һ̤ǰ˹ߵѧԺһ𷢱ۣĻԸУžױݣȥԸĵĴŮӯӯ
ģɪжݺݵɨŮһۣ˫ȭҧгݵ˹Ȼң
ɪļѾȫգȫģɪ
һһͷɫ̷ĸߴòӢǰһĿĮɪų죡˹̫ŮˡҪǲʵһ㣬Ҿͺúýѵһ£̽ôˣ
˭
˹΢΢һЦһλǶž黨ļ̳ˡҲѧԺʮ֮һѧ
Ҳ¶һԺЦݡ
˹ߵѧԺ֮ƣҾȻܹΪʮ֮һȻһֵý顣
Ȼˣ͸һɣ
ֱӽһףŰҵֱ˦ȥ
ڶ֮У˦ԷһƣҲһ־롣
һץһֱץУĶ棬ɭޱȵɱһһܺãɪȻҾͳȫ㣡
˹һĻкȻһ˿
Ƕž黨ļ̳ˣҲһļ̳ˡһУȻȻ󲨣˹Ҳܻᱻǣڡ
˹æҰοǾͽֻһܹ׳Ϊһ׳ߣǰ˹ߵѧԺʮ֮һɪһͽôĶ֣
˵𣿰Ҫɪ
֮䵽ʲôޣ
Ϊ˱˹
Ǹ̫Ů𣿡
Ҳ֪
Ľ
ɣ˹ǸŮȷʵ̫ˡ
Ȥ̫Ȥˣ

˹ߵѧԺľӢǶ׷ѧԺ֮еĽǶȥ


1484 նɱ
Ѿʽս֮еľӢ湳γɵɱһŵ
Ϊˣⶼ֮Уᳫ
˹ߵѧԺڲ˽ȴʽľҲֹΪѧԺǿΪ¡
ǽǶ֮УʱѾɽ˺
һͽֻһͿԽһ׳ߣɪһ䶨ˣ
ɪѧ֮󣬲ŽһͽȻƽ˵ţǱ𰲵ңʵǲ̫Զˡһ嶯Ѱ·

ǽǶ֮⣬һѧ۷׷ףǽǶ֮е棬֮ɫ
ͽʿ֮У൱ʿǿߡһͽ൱һʿڡ
һʿսʿǾʮʤ㡣
ǽǶһ̨֮ϣһŮѧ
һһͷɫ̷ɫ飬òӢһĨЦɪȻսң޴͸
һ𷢱۵һĨâһЦˣɪδ޶̫ˡʼ÷ҲʮܹŴϼɽ֮лӦЩֶΡ
𷢱ۣĻԸУòɢһӢʵŮһһĨâ׶̫˱˹Ǳ˹Ǹ˹̫治֪ǸʲôãȻЩ˶Ϊ˷񡣡
ЦȣʲôطȲ㣡ΨһǿĵطǸŮζ
һĨ֮ɫӶȭͷݺݵвˣ¾֮һ𣿡
Цһ㲻ãͶ֣̫ôϲ㣿ĵһ㣬ұ֤˹ǸŮ˾㣬ϾҲʮ֮еһԱһʮ֮ΨһһŮԡ
ˡ׶Ⱦǰ˹ߵѧԺ֮ʮеˣ̫ǰ˹ߵѧԺʮ֮еĵһˣ˹ߵѧԺ֮ǿš
Ϊ̫ҫ۶Ŀ˹һķ˾ͱֱɪѾ˼ֶΣųΪ̫Ůˡ
Ƚ̫ϲңʧ
׶Ȼʼˣ
һĿⶼǽǶ֮ϡ
밲ҶѧУʦļ֤֮£ǩԼ̣ʽ˽Ƕ
ɪ޴ص˹ߵѧԺֻ֮ҪҲûа취㾹Ȼҽ
кâһһóһöɫˮơ
µӡǽɫˮ֮и֣һɫƴˮ֮и֣֯ڰҵϣֱӸһɫսףͬһͷߵĽɫˡ
ǽսףһ׳ս֮УǰʮĶսף
ǰңȻӵнսסһɪˣ
ڽս׵ǿ֮£һ׳ҲδĶ֡ʮܵʵȻɲ⣡

ǽǶΧѧԱǼһĻһ
ǰ˹ߵѧԺ֮УֻҪܹһ׳ʿͿֱӱҵȻߵȼ̫ѧԺ
װ˽սףⰲ˹ߵѧԺ޵еĴڡͬΪʮ֣ܵҲ붯ͬһرܹսʤ
ˮսףǶ泬֮ǿᾧֻҪװ㹻ǿˮսףЩԿԽһؾǻɱǿС
һЦָһţһöͭɫˮֱӸ֡
һɫĹâˮ֮ӿ֯ϣγһͭɫһԳ򣬲һͭŽսס
ʲôսף
ʲôˮγɵսף
Ϲˮս׵ķ񣡣

ǽǶ֮ϵЩѧǿǹսףжһĨâ
ȻϹʱϹŶѾȫʱˣɪ㻹ʵʵȥɣ
֮ɫȻһͬһͷɫ˲ɱһצԦɫ⣬ȥ
ҵٶȿ쵽˼㣬һͷҲᱻֱ˺ֱ࣬ӽɱ

򵥵ֱӿһ·𾭹ǧһ㣬ӽһն
һɫĽâȻ˺Ѳ񷣬쵽ۣŰһն
ɫĽâ֮һһ˼飬ɱң
һ̣һɿֲޱȵֱķѣ飬ɢء
ǽǶ֮ϣһƬžжŲ˼֮ɫ
ɪ㾹Ȼң㾹Ȼɱ˰ң㣬군ˣ
һĿɿڴ־壬ָ棬ҧгݣȵ
ǴĵϵӵܣȻڹƽ֮бɱҲԻȻ󲨡
бǰҲµĺ֣һΣգǲоΥĹҲҪ³Ȱҡ
˭Ҳû뵽ʮ֮һȻһնɱˡ
һЦҺͰǹƽҵĽ£ҲֻǾȡѰ·˵Ҫƻ򣬸һƽľɣ
ĿһĬղų֣°ҡԿԻþ޴ĺôЩôֲΥĳͷ
һǲΥ֣Ҳܵޱȵĳͷ
תű˹һЦ˹ȥֵ̫Ļ͸Ƕ֮УңһԼĹ棬Ҫҡ
˹ɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣ֮г˿־ŭ
ϣ΢΢һΣǽǶ֮£󲽵ȥ
˿ıӰһúݵֶΣȻն˰ң
׶ҲһĨɵ֮ɫȻն˰ңҲˣž黨岻Źġ
ʮܶǴۺһ½ЩƽΪϣһļ̳˾ȻıնɱˣȻ𶯼
ȿıӰ֮¶һ˿Ȥ
ն˰ңž黨ԲŹҡ˹ߵѧԺҲԱӻҡ̫ѧԺԣ
ڶ֮У˹ߵѧԺһǵѧͽһѧͻƾѧͽ׳Ϊһ׳ߣͿԲμ̫ѧԺĿԣ̫ѧԺ֮нޡ
̫ѧԺ콾֮أƣǿ꣬ӵʥ߼ǿǶеʥ
ڶ֮У̫ѧԺֱս̫ѧԺʼ̫ѧԺϹ̫֮ѧԺ
ʼ̫ѧԺ֮У󲿷ֶǴ콾նɱ˰ң൱ڵ˴һȺ壬ȥ֮鷳ࡣҪϵսнѸٵԼʵսʤ̫ѧԺʺң
澭Ȩ֮һһɪˮֱӸ֣һ㣬ѡս̫ѧԺѧԡ


1485 ʮ
һͣһƵĺ֮ǰ֮
治ͬԸ־ΪԴ档Ҳֳһָߵȷеٵľ
һƵĺΧǽ֮ϣǶɫˮһǿޱȵĽǺ֮ϡ
ǵ֮еĺ˵ͳͳⶰ֮бҲ޷˵ⶰֺ
һΰĽս̫ѧԺ
ãʲô԰ﵽ
һ̤ս̫ѧԺһְҵװΪǰ̨Сϴޱȵ΢Ц
μս̫ѧԺѧԣ
ǰ̨Сóһ龧壬˼£¶һЦݣǣɪͬѧ
ǰ̨СĴ֮£ս̫ѧԺڲһ޴Ĺ㳡֮ڡ
Ǿ޴Ĺ㳡֮УһٶŮǶԶǸţΪ˽ս̫ѧԺμӿԡ
ս̫ѧԺϸĳһļ
֮սÿʱÿ̶кǿ䡣֮£ս̫ѧԺҲòıֻҪ˶ԽвԣһͨԣܹΪս̫ѧԺѧ
Ǹɪ
ǹ㳡֮УһŮһ۾Ϳ棬΢΢һԥһ£ֿȺǰ
΢΢һЦãɪǰ˹ߵѧԺĲȣѧ㡣ԭѾһ׳ˣֲһնɱң
΢΢һЦԭǲѧ㣡Ҳ׳Ϊһ׳ߡ츳̫Ҫǿ
ǰ˹ߵѧԺʮ֮һҲǰ˹ߵѧԺһѧ֮еĵһˡһУ
ǵòʶۣȱ˹ҪʤһŮζͱȱ˹Ҫһء
֮һĨʣ̫һţһǰѾһ׳ߣѾ˶ʼ̫ѧԺֻΪĳЩԭڰ˹ߵѧԺһǲ̫Զˡ
ྲ
һߴһ˽Χ˵һ䡣
һʿĿֲߵ֮ϯķ
߽׳ߣ
֮ųһ˿˿صʣһ³Ĭ
ǹ㳡֮ϣһٶԸҲһ°
ߵڲԿʼ
һصǹ㳡Ϸ䣬·һٶԸϡ
ââûеõ۵ߡʱʥʿ֮ҲԶâ⣡
澲ĸ֪âƾâԼ֮н⡣
ĿֲʵټһǿҲԿαװһЩͷûǿⷨҲͬԿαװ
ʱһٶ֮Уһɫ΢΢һ䣬һŤֱӱһֻʹɢһɿʿĿֲ
Ϊ
һʹһĨɭޱȵɱһŭϵĳ֮һĹΧֱӺȥ
һʿĳʹʿ߶֣kΨһܹľǽڳĶͳͳɱ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֱһţһöɫˮֱӷɳųصĹâһ±һɫľܵǰ
ս̫ѧԺЩʹȥɣ
һĿһһ¸ֳɫˮǹ
ޱȵɫƴˮǹ֮йâһɫĹһʹ֮ϡ
һʿĳʹɫĹ壬ֱ顣
һɫĹâǹ㳡֮и֣Щ֡
ǳʹͷųĹɫĻ֮ϣһ˿˿ʧ
ֻҵűǳʹͷųĹɱһʬ塣
ǿһ߽׳еɫˮǹֲشʥǿߡսȴδܹʤùһʿֲȻܼΪ4ǿȴֻ졣Ϊkǹ׷ƻĿ
濴һиһ䡣
ʿʿһͿԽǳʹɱұڳˡ
Ȼʿʿʩչʲô˺һʥϣԶʿǿöࡣ
һߵԼУ
һ֮һɨŵʬʧ
صâ˵ϡ
һ֮âʧ
ڽԣ
߻ո£һˮֱӸ֡
Թ򣬲κرԼˮڡ
ڶ֮УӵرһЩǿرֱӱɳˣû塣
ʲôˣҪ㣬뿪Լ֮꣬¡
ǿ߾ǹ׷ֲսˣûѡԼп

һһΣֱӳǹ㳡֮ϣһ¸ֳһƣһŭһȭˮ֮ϡ
ˮ΢΢һһ˿׹⡣
񣡡
Ŀ΢΢һǰһٶȵĳء
ٶȣ񣡡
ʵս񣡡
ۺ񣡣һ
һ֮У걻ֱ̭
ս̫ѧԺֻţȻѾ׳Ϊһ׳ߣʵȻ̫Ͼܾ
ǹ㳡֮ϵһٶ˲ȥܲԣȴһˢ
֮һĨ֮ɫս̫ѧԺֻţǵʵ̫ˣܱս̫ѧԺɡǰ˹ߵѧԺҲֻʮǸǿߣϣս̫ѧԺ
Ҫս̫ѧԺһܵӣܹøԴٽɣ
Ŀ΢΢һһֱ˹㳡֮ϣһĮʼɣ
ǰһһֱ̺Ӹ֣һȭ֯ɫ׹⣬һǾ֮ϡ
¡
һ֮УһԾֱӱ顣
׳
ÿֲֻһ׳ߣȻӵж׳ߵ
һţ

ڳĲԱжһĨ˷֮ɫ۷׷ס
һ¶һ˿˷֮ɫʮǣ
һ̤ٶȲһ˫֮лƣһ̤ͬ˲һ㣬һ³յ㡣
ٶȣʮǣ
һʵսһʿ۷ǿ
΢΢һΣһ˲Ǵʿ۷ǰһȭʿ۷ǿ֮ϣǴʿ۷ǿֱӺɡ
ʵսʮǣ
һĨ˷֮ɫԣȫʮǣһʮѵһţ


1486 ս̫ѧԺ
Ŀһۣ֮һĨ֮ɫʮţֲնɱң
ʮǼڶ֮Ҳʮѵһšһս̫ѧԺͻܵѧԺӣǴ壬Ҳս̫ѧԺ֡
ɪӽս̫ѧԺѧˡҽб£ս̫ѧԺĵʦ֮һʲôϵʣҡ
һʮĿһۣùеˮƣһ¡
ˮ֮Уһ¶һǹս׵£һ¾ʹս̫ѧԺ¡
ǣµʦ
ļ֮뿪ս̫ѧԺŰ˹ߵѧԺȥ

ص˹ߵѧԺ֮󲻾ãһŮһԴ
ֻһŨױĨŮָ棬һļУǿңץ
ʮһ´˷ΧΧס档
һĿ࣬ӥĿǣü֮һ֮ɫһ˹һۣλͬѧһ׮ǿ鰸һˣ
ǿ飡
ɪȻǿ飡
޳ܣ
¼Ķǹ棡

˷һӵĿ⡣
ԴԴϵİ˹ߵѧԺѧ˷ŰΧ
ɪ㾹ȻɱҸ磬һξŪ㣬ҲҪŪѣ֪Ƕž黨岻ܹǵģ
Щ˹ߵѧԺѧȺ֮Уվһ𷢱ۣһξ飬˫޳ͬѩţһ⻬ѩףĴŮĶ棬΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц
Ը˵ĴŮǰ˹ߵѧԺʮ֮һҵάΣҲǰ˹ߵѧԺŮ֮һнڲȣȱ˹Ҫһ
浭˵ǿ飿ʲô֤ݣ
ŨױĨŮӿŽе֤ݣڿ㣬ľҺ
Ϊԩģû뵽Ȼˣ
ʧ

ЩΧ۵ѧһĨâ۷׷ס
һڣɪͬѧǻȥЭ顣ǽȡǿֶΡ
ǶʮһȡһöɫˮһһɫĹâҫǵ϶һɫսס
һ׺ɫսΪԱʽˮսףҲǾ׼ʽװŵľúɫǹǿֲޱȣԹᴩ׳ߣ溣Ļ硣
µЩŵǶ߽׳Ҳ׶ǳ֡
ƾЩҲңȡ衣
һЦָһţһöͭˮֱӸ֣һͭˮ֮зɳͬһһ㣬ֱӴԼʮ档
һԼ⧲֮䣬ͱͭ壬ֱӱѹӡá
һ¸ֳһޱȵƣһŨױĨŮǰһץŮֱץС
ȻңôôһªļɣǼȡһܸõ
ֱóһͭͷŮӵͷһ
һһ´ŮӵĴ棬ʼѸٵĶȡļ䡣
һͭɫĹâͭͷ֮зû֮У֮γһͭɫȫϢͶӰ
ߣȥָ֤һǿ㣡
ȫϢͶӰ֮Уһһڿ㣬ݸŮӡ
Ůԥһµϴˣһˡ飬Ҳ
ɭһЦʮң˹ȣһְ취ʧҪôʮҰ£Ҫôͱɵعһʬ壬Լѡɣ
ŮһĨ־֮ɫãˣԸģҪ˭
˹ߵѧԺѧɪ
ݣ
ԭɪ
ǿɪˣ

ڳİ˹ߵѧԺѧǿ֮еȫϢͶӰжһĨŭɫ
ϣֵˣҵҪ㱳ʲôָʹ㣡
һЦŷȥ
ɫ䷢һͬҰһĺ֮ûȨôǵ۹죬ֻе۹ͥʸҡûʸô

ǰ˹ߵѧԺѧȺ֮Уάɫ䣬һһֻԹᴩ׳ߵǹֱӳ֡
һɫĹȺ֮ŷֱȥ
΢΢һһϴӵֱһɫĹһ±ܹ˷ϵҪ֮ϣֱӺ顣
ɱڣúݵֶΣôһ£˭Ҫɱڣ
Цֱӽһͭͷϵͷһ
ͭɫĹâͭͷ֮зɳû֮УγһȫϢͶӰ
άεһȫϢͶӰ֮г֣ϣҪԸһˡ
һͨѶάС㣬ҪԸ˭
ά˹ߵѧԺɪɱҸ磬Ҫѡ
ԥһµʶԸ˼Ƕž黨˼ɪϾǹ壬ҪԸһΪ
άκȻǶž黨˼ϣ㲻Ҫˡܹн죬ȫǿǶž黨Ƕž黨áҲµ
һЦǣάС㣬һɪѣһǿ鷸ô
ͨѶһߣάγޱȵЦ⣺һ⣡
ˣ
άο֮иֵɫȫϢͶӰɫҰף֮һĨ֮ɫ
Ѿ¶˹ߵѧԺѧУѾ͵֮ϣž黨ҪѹҲҪ޴Ĵۡ
ס֣
һŭޱȵ֮дһźڽսףɢŶ׳߼ֲһʮԶ۶
һ棬ȵɪֹͣΪҽϮԱ㣡
ʮҲеĺɫˮǹָ棬ɭޱȵɱ
˭
һЦһ֣ˮֱӸ֣һâҫһǹս׵ֱӸ֣֮С
ս̫ѧԺ㾹Ȼս̫ѧԺѧǸĴ
һԭڣһһ£ʱɫ䣬ѿ˼㣬ƿڴ
ս̫ѧԺǶǿ֮һƣǿꡣѧҲҪϱս̫ѧԺ̫ѧԺ
Ǿ쾹Ȼһս̫ѧԺѧһѧݵ֤ݣǾϵͳἫΪ
ңҽеս̫ѧԺάΣƭңƭң


1487 
һɫ䣬ܣЦһ£ǰɪͬѧǽһ˵
һʮǰЩ˹ߵѧԺѧǶһߡ
浭ȻһЦһһŴԱߡ
һЩֺõɪͬѧһ£ǺܱǸһжǷ顣ǻὫϿϵͳǾϵͳǷһ飬µΪֹô
һԶҲ뿴ϣʲôطڶȻս̫ѧԺԴѷֻҪǾϵͳЩʽңôҿǣؾϵͳ
΢΢һЦһ㣬һ嵥ͨѶˮ档
üͷһҧгݵЩԴˣ㻹ʨӴ󿪿ڡ
΢ЦǱ𾯲ϵͳ˵Щ㲻ʲôǻԽʧת޸ž黨һ⸶ЩʣǾϵͳĹϵ
һһƻļһһϵͳͲǷʲôˡ
һЦ֪
ֻҪʵǵľϵͳҲֻԽԽΪ鷳
һ±¶һԴֺõ΢ЦȻҸϣܹΪѡ
ս̫ѧԺѧֻҪ⣬ضԳΪϵĳߡϵĳⶼ֮Уλȴ壬Ƕǵλߡ
ǱѾľû⣬һҲǶ׳ߣȻԸύǰ;š
Ҳ΢΢һЦܸܹΪѡ
һⶼ׶֮Ȼ㲻ϴȴҲͷеλв׼ϢͨһѣʲôҲԽ
ҶһҸղɪͬѧ˽һڲʵࡣķѾѳְһһĺɱ˷թƭͨݣ˷ϵģ
һȫթƭž黨ᣬͼɪͬѧҪлɪͬѧΪǾϵͳôһ׶թƭ
Ⱥ鼤İ˹ߵѧԺѧ˵Ϲߵڰס
Ҳ
һ־Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴĲֱŪ˹ȥ
ǫⲻһ˵Ĺ͡ͻɷ⡣ֻǸھϵͳ֮еթƭץ˳
ԭ
ɵɪѾϵͳ˽ף

Щ˹ߵѧԺѧǹǶʮִһ֪Э飬Ҫֽѹ£ؾϵͳ
ЩѧҲʮִȻϵͳԣʮϵĽ֮ϵһһɾȥ
ǾҲܿ췢˹ٷĿھΪ˶ԡ
ɪĶҾԲŹ㣡Ƕž黨ҲԲŹ㣡
һͣ˶ž黨ǰάδ֮߳żڲȥɭޱȵĹâ
Ȼһ¼Ѿ뾯ϵͳѹ£˹ߵѧԺѾ֪ά¼֮аݵĲʽɫҲֻܹȻؼ壬ܱܷͷ
㣬ˣãɣҪ㣡
һԼʮ꣬𷢱ۣǰ͹̵Ůάߣ֮һĨĹâ
άεã
άһһ޴ķ֮ڣͿǷ֮Уһž黨Ԫϣλ֮ϣһȥʮϤʮİӡ
ά΢΢һʵɿ壬ǸλǼλãҲҸ׵λãΪʲô
ɿ˵һЦάΣ׿һԺöŮѾǶž黨ļˡ
άδϻޱȣһ·Ӧ֮һĨ֮ɫʧ˵ʲôɪѵΪҶԸɪǾͷϳҸ׵ļ֮λΪʲôһս̫ѧԺѧǶž黨ϳһ𣿡
ɿ΢Цһս̫ѧԺͨѧȻǶž黨ϳһλһλս̫ѧԺʮѵһʮţӵǶž黨ϳļֵǲϣΪãһµС
ǾվάߵŮȻһЦֳһɫĹǹάο۶ԣάα㣬Ϊ˼壬ֻܹˣ
һɫĹâһάεϣһ˹ȥ
ս̫ѧԺһ䷿֮ڣһ͸Ľһˮ
ˮ棬һˣ档
ޱȵ֮и֣Ŵˮ֮ԴϢ
ʮ֮Ϊֱͻƣ׵˶׳֮
һ˲䣬һˮ֮еˮһȫѣ촷ۣƮɢ
˫ۣһĨâǶ棬ϵٶȣʿ绹ҪöࡣսķرʿҪرֻҪر㹻ǿԽսʤ˲ϡ档ûرʵͻͬʿϼֹ
ܼʿڵܼҪߵö࣬ϵƷŵٶҲԶԶԽʿ硣
Ż˺Դ֮Ѹͻƣⶼ֮Ҳʮƽ顣
ˣ
һֻųˮèֱӷɵǰ㱨
һֻˮèƿϵͳֻҪһ仰Ϳܲ䡣ʿһܴڡ

Źâ΢΢һֱӴ򿪣һഺãĻ𱬣ΪάαЦӯӯ˽
ãɪǶž黨ڵļ̳ȡڲ֮ǰ飬Ƕž黨ʮֱǸǶž黨͸
΢΢һЦ˫ġ
һףͨʹúɫˮɵˮսʿһ˽
棬һźɫƤ£һȮһūȦ𷢱ۣԸл𱬣ޱȵŮάΡ
άο棬֮г˾ֺ;֮ɫôҲû뵽֮ǰǸ߸ϵĶž黨̳ˣȴһΪһ¼Ůū
ָһһâûȵУҸҪԴܹԴң¾һʹ
һɨǹâ֮мŵϢʱĿɿڴ֮г֮ɫ׳ߵԴѾ׶׳ˣ
û
浭һЦһǿʿĿֲѹ֮лϯķ
ʮţɪ츳ԽʮšģǶž黨ṩҪ󡣲ңǶž黨ԸΪѡұˣҲϣܹΪĺѣ
֮۲ת˿һɢž˵Ȼ֮һЦ


1488 ̫
΢΢һЦܹΪŮʿѣҵҡ
ž黨ܹΪǵĴ壬ǧ겻˥ȻԼ֮޷赲֮󣬾͹ϵķάһѡ滯ޡ
ʲôɪȻս̫ѧԺֻŲܹĵ۹̫ѧԺ֮һôܿýȥ
˹һǰŴ֮鱨ЩŤһɾ޴ޱȵĻӿͷ
ս̫ѧԺǿǵ۹̫ѧԺ֮һֻŲܹС
Ǳ˹֪ɪܹս̫ѧԺԲ̫
ˣ
һ֮һյˮƺȻǷ֮еķʧñ˹һĨϲɫŽȥ
ֻǿͳ׷ķһź̺֮һһͷϷòףʳɢһɵӡ
һӣֻҪͻŮļСǰ˹ߵѧԺʮ̫֮
˹һ̫֮ҲһĨ֮ɫɪ̫츳ۺ֮⣬ҲΪ̫ף
˹һ뷿䣬£һ˵̫ĻУĵţ̫ԲҰˡɪѾս̫ѧԺѧԱˡ
̫΢΢һЦе飬Ҷ֪ˣɪս̫ѧԺѧԱһһʮţܱµʦ͡
˹֮һĨʮţ
ս̫ѧԺֻšʮҲ֮еţ⣬ֻҪʱ䣬ܹף溣ϵĳߣϣ߽׳ߣʹ˵֮еʥߡ
˹һ뵽ԼȻһ˵֮еʥߣоӿ޾Ļ⡣
̫ڸ𣿡
˹һĿ̫֮г˰Ľһ˿٣̫Ҹɪֻͨ÷һΨһ˾ֻһ
̫΢ЦɪȻʮţŵĳɳҲҪʱġս̫ѧԺ֮ҲвٺѡɪΪǵв
˹֮һĨĽ֮ɫҾ֪ģ
һ֮󣬱˹뿪̫ķ䡣
ԭһº͵̫ɫһ֮һ͡
̫ΪǸ¼Ůˣһս̫ѧԺʮΪУֵŮˣݣҪپж١
һһɫӰ֮У˿ĿĹֱӸڷ֮ڣзһ
̫ȻֵãŮˣҲǸѣû뵽ǸɪȻһʮšԤУǸɪһ֮еĵˡֻˣҲܹǡ
֮ӵ֮ӣһɪһ̫Щ֮໥֮Ҳڤڤ֮еĸӦֻնɱԷԼܹþ޴ĺôһ
̫֮ǰոڰ˹ߵѧԺ˴Ӧɪע޵Уû滯ޡҲһݳޡ
һŤǾҪ죡򣬸ɳǾ鷳ˡ
̫һĨâ֪֮󣬽ս̫ѧԺʼ̫ѧԺϹ̫֮ѧԺ̫ѧԺϾٰѧԺʱһն
ս̫ѧԺڵķڡ
ˣµʦ
ˮèܼңɵߵ
Ǵһ¶Ůͷάһ㣬һ׿ʮ־ɫƷͳϡ
µʦʲô£
µ¾ս̫ѧԺʼ̫ѧԺϹ̫֮ѧԺ̫ѧԺϾٰѧԺһ棬ΣأˣǱЩʵʮӵʱ䣬ǹ󡣡
ǣʦ
ԡˬԡһһ·ֱ֮ߵ˷֮еһͼ䰴һť
һɫĹâһ½֣һ̣ͳһ޴Ĺ档
Ǿ޴Ĺ֮УվһٶŮһٶŮÿһʲ֮Уʮ£ȴѾӵһ׳Ϊš
һ׳ǿȴ漶ǿߣʿڵ֮УѾһšս̫ѧԺ֮УҲֻһЩոչʸѧĲ
ɪ˵֮еʮţ
ʮţһս̫ѧԺ֮еһ

һĿ˷ϣ˺ԼŨŨս⡣
⹬֮еŮԶǸصţȫڰ˹ߵѧԺʮȰ˹ߵѧԺʮܸǿһĸȻ档
ɪ
ΣһĨ磬ӯӯߵߡ
ѧ㣬ô
֮һĨ֮ɫ΢΢һЦֻǽս̫ѧԺ֪صĹ˹ߵѧԺʮܣս̫ѧԺ֮ҲֻͨһԱ

һǹһڣһɿֲޱȵѹ˷ɢ˶
Ҿʹȥս̫ѧԺʥأ쾧磡棬ǿ쾧֮
һһɫȨֱӸ֣һһָ
һɫĹǹϷ£һ˵ϡ
һǿޱȵĿռֱ֮Ӹ֣һģԭʧ
Ҳ֪˶ãһŤޱȵĿռ֮֮£һ֮С
һСһ磡һľƶɵС硣˲ļ
Χһۣ㷢ԼѾһޱȣһ߼ʵĹ֮С
һ֮Уһһֺ޴Ľһӵк졢ȡơ̡ࡢɫ
кɫĽ࣬ɫĽ١
ӴޱȵԴܴӴһˮ֮ӿ֮硣
֮У洦ɼޱȵҩ
ս̫ѧԺʥأ쾧磡Ȼͬ죬ʥأٶȣһٱЩˮ֮ǿԸԼʵ
һͨһ׳߻ںɫˮ֮ҼȻս̫ѧԺʮšǰɫ·
ĿһɨһһɫĽ΢΢һΣɫڵķӶȥ
һɫ·ԼĵطϥתطһһޱȵֱӸ֡
һССͷϸ֣ʼǣɫԴܣǿꡣ
ķɫԴܣ汾Ľ֮ɫԴܱÿԱա


1489 
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һɫԽԽһɫĹһûڡ
ҫһͻƣֱӽΪһ׳ߣ»
֮һȡӾϵͳž黨֮թԴͳͳ¡
ƽ֯һɫĹâǣû֮ڣǿ
׳ߣս̫ѧԺһ츳
һɫˮ棬һ𷢱ۣʲ״ѩĻԸУ绪ǵľɫˡ
صǾɫ˵֮лƣɫˮ֮ÿһµɫâʮϡ
ޱȵľɫ˿һۣͱ˫ۡЩ겻֪ʶţһ׳ߣֱһĽɫ
һ֮
ϵҫϢٴͻƣһ½ΪһĽ׳ߣһֲޱȵϢ˷ɢ
Ľ׳ߣһټţ
һɫٴ۾һۣ¶һ˿ȣȻٴα˫ۡ
֮
ϵҫϢٴͻƣһٽףΪһ׳ߣֲޱȵϢΪģ˷ɢȥ
׳ߣ̶£Ȼ׳Ϊ׳ߣ츳̫ˣһµʱ侹ȻܹԽؾ׳Ϊ׳ߣһܣ
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ͻˣһȵһ˾ң
˫ۣ³һһɫϢĿ³һƮг
˭
Ȼ΢΢һתͷһһ۾Ϳɫˮ֮еľˣž֮ɫ
ɫ˵ǿᣬս̫ѧԺĵʦ
ֱſһɪս̫ѧԺʦ
֮һĨʻʲôطôͻ֮죿
һùƶĴУǿƶ꿪ط
һ㣬ˮֱӸ֣һâһſȥ
һץͽһ̺ſƶطĹâץУֱĶ
ϸĶǿƶط̲֮ס̾˲𣡣ƶǼһʱʮƽӹһ߽ͨ׳ߣ꿪طȻ˲𡣡
澲վһԣ΢Ц
ƶȷʵһ߽ͨ׳ߡĹģ޸Ĺޱȣֲס
潻һֻͨ棬ԼǾŻĳǿ档Ϊˣܹµʱͻף׳Ϊһ׳ߡ
΢΢һЦɪԸΪʦΪҵ״ӣ
һ񹧹Ը⣬ܹΪĵҵҡ
űһֲң˿һۼǿߣѡһɫˮ
ʵ̫һǿ߱ӻܹٵĳɳһɳ̫죬̫ˣЩǿһ֣б¶Σա
һݿƶطҺаҲĶЩյط;飬ˡ
һ㣬һָü֮ϣγһɫӡǣޱȵطޱȵ֪ʶһûԺ֮С
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ʲôϵѣһ֮ң
嵭ȻһЦһϹ⻷ƣֱûһöɫˮڡ
΢΢һЦֱɫˮ·תطͷ֮һɫֱӸ֣ɫ
ת˲š
һâ΢΢һ˶ڹǹ֮ڡ
ɨΧһۣһĨâǶǵţ죡
֮ǰڳ˶ֻһ׳ߡ֮֮Ѿһ˽׳Ϊ׳ߣʣµ˶ѾڽױԵ
̶µʱ䣬˴Ӵʿ׵ǿʿս̫ѧԺĵ̡
ŶҪ̫ѧԺΪ̫ѧԺ֮ӵޱȵԴ
ɪ㣬ѵǸˣ
һ棬ʱһĨ֮ɫһһ³ǰ
һĿⶼϡ
һ߽׳ߣڶ֮ҲһλĴǿƵս̫ѧԺ֮ҲǸ߲㣬һʮ侲ʧ̬ھȻʧ̬Ȼ̬ʮء
µʦ˵ĸˣ
¼ޱȵǲս̫ѧԺĸԺϹħŮˣ
û˻ĵӡ
ڣ̫ˣԭ쾧磬̫ˡ
˫˼ޱȵˮļɪҲǿ˵ĵӡûпˣûҽһСȻǿ˵ĵӣҲҵʦܡԺʲôѣҡ
΢΢һЦõģʦ֣
żһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
¿һ߽׳ߣⶼ֮УҲǿߣλȨء˱ɽս̫ѧԺߡ
ҲһĨ֮ɫ˲ʮŲʮšбµʦ֧֣ʮž黨Ҳһ
ž黨Ȼڶ֮ҲǴ壬Ǽ֮ǿҲһĽ׳ߡǵĵλԶƽͨ壬ڱĶǿУҲһĴڣ־ͿĨȥ
Ŀһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ɪӽս̫ѧԺ֮еϯ̫ѧԺԾͿˣ
ã
µǿԻȥ죬֮Ｏϡ
ڳڶֱɢȥ
뼸ս̫ѧԺ
ʱţת˲š
άһų˸ֱ޵ǳҲһŶר֮ǡ
άΧǿ֮Уһֺ޴Ļе֮ǡ
ǻе֮ڣһ޴Ĺ֮УΪ׵ϯλ֮ˡ
֮һǱ¡һһϣһλ߰ӡһһɫ·ϴºЦݵĿӡ
˾̫ѧԺĴˡǶʼ̫ѧԺ߽׳ء¿Ϲ̫֮ѧԺ߽׳߶Ŷ
һ̫Ϊ׵Ķʼ̫ѧԺֱ빬֮ڡ
Ƕ֮Уÿһ룬һˮĻǾ޴ˮĻ·Χ˶ǵȺ
һ𷢱ۣĻԸеĴŮһ³ˮĻ֮ϣϴЦݵҺãǽҽΪֱ˵һ̫ѧԺԣ


1490 ȫֱ
̫ѧԺǶ֮ǿ֮һӵҵǿҲͬҪԴҪĽǮ֧֡
̫ѧԺֱΪ̫ѧԺ۵ֱȨѡѡԼʷĿֲ档
̫ѧԺֱпޱȣҲʾףǶǵʢ֮һ
볡Ƕʼ̫ѧԺ궼ʼ̫ѧԺ֮ǿơŭ״󹫾ĴӰߺĶ¡󹫾׿
ڶ֮УĶʼ̫ѧԺϯǸ̫֮
һдͷһ³̫ϣǿͶӰ˶еˮĻ֮ϡ
̫̫
Ұ㣡
̫

ˮĻΧһ´󻶺֮ŮΪǿ׵̫
һһͷɫ̷òӢһԺɫ˫Ķ̫һĨʺͷŭ֮ɫ̫һȣһ֪Ƕʼ̫ѧԺ֮еĵһҰ̫
һζʼ̫ѧԺϯǰ̫ճ֮󣬾ɵĶ˰ϯ֮λгԹͷŭ
ʼ̫ѧԺ볡֮ս̫ѧԺҲֱ볡
볡Ƕʼ̫ѧԺ궼ʼ̫ѧԺ֮ͬǿơťݵű԰ױıᡭݵĿ׻˹
ڶ֮Уս̫ѧԺϯǰ˹ߵѧԺɪ
һдͷһ³ϣö˶
ɪȻΪս̫ѧԺϯ̫˲˼ˣѵһʮǼţǶž黨ûиΪУ
Ƕž黨屾һ޴ˮĻ֮Ӱһҡ
ܹ̫ѧԺѧԱǰ;ţֻҪ϶ܹ׳Ϊϵĳߡ
̫ѧԺϯûڳɳ֮䣬ÿһΪϵĳߣΪǵĴ
ûΪУ
άΡһΪǼǵܹǵĴУ
ǿԼ󱲵ĽУ

ž黨忴Ϊս̫ѧԺϯ֮󣬶ҡ
ս̫ѧԺ볡֮Ϲ̫֮ѧԺҲֱ볡
볡Ϲ̫֮ѧԺϹ̫֮ѧԺ֮ͬǿơԲݵĿޡݵĲάŵſ˵ơ
ڶ֮УϹ̫֮ѧԺϯԼݵĶɯ
һдͷһ³һһͷɫһɫսףĻԸУףȴɢһɱɽʵľɫˡ
ɯҰ㣡
ɯ
ɯҰ㣡

һһɢűɽʵľɫˣǶڣ󻶺֮
󲩲ʹ˾ʣҿӻԾͶע֧Լϲͬѧ
һ£һˮĻ֮ϣͳ󲩲ʹ˾ĸʡ
֮е˶ʼԼҶͶ벩֮У֧ԼеѧԱ
صѧԺʽʼǽڶ֮һ¡
һ֮ڣնɱһһױ޿Ի1֡նɱױ޿Ի100֣ơһ֮󣬰ջʤ
֮УĻ֣ܻ߻ɱܹĻ֡
һˣǰʥһʸ񡣡
һڳжһĨ֮ɫ
ʥǶ֮еʥأڰ˴Сʥţ֮սѾǰ˴Ҳֻܹʥ磬š
ս̫ѧԺƿص쾧֧һۼǿߵʥ֧ŵ߼ǿ
ʥһʸһʥҲʮֿá
һĨ֮ɫʥʸ񣬱뵽ֻ֣ҵĿٽײŻ
ʼˣ
һָһ֮˵֮ϣһâҫһԭʧ
άǣ𶼴ǲ˲ֹһĵֻܹ溣׳ıޡ
֮ϵı޻࣡
Χһۣһ֣һɫĹâи֣һɫˮǹֱӳС
һɫĹˮǹ֮û֮С
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уڵص׵һͷʮףžջ׵ıֱըѿ

һ濴һֱӵˮƣֻˮֱ֮Ӷһٷ֡
̫ǸҪҪȥɵ
ˣ֮ҪԼʵά֮УٱڶźöȽЩöŪ˵
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˶֮󣬻ߵļ䣬ڶ˽ⳬԽˣ֪ޱȵطƸħҩ֪ʶ
ά֮ϵıײб壬ǵҲñЩͱ֮еʥɱһˡ
һɽһۣһЦһɽïܣ޵Ĵɽȥ
һһɽı޾ʹǴɽ˷ֱ
һͭɫսףֳһɫǹǱ֮УһɫĹһɫǹ֮Щ޵ϣǱֱӺɱ
ɪʼжˣ찡ǿǿǣױޣɪһǹˣѿӥ׶ıޣҲˣףױ޳׷ߣҲһǹˣ
׳ߣɪһ׳ߣ̶̲ܹ׳Ϊһ׳ߣ̫ˣս̫ѧԺϯ
ˮĻ֮ϣһ³ЩɱĻ棬һͷͷײıޱɱټϽĽ˵Ƕ
ɪ
ɪҰ㣡
ɪԳΪһһɾҪʤ

ǳĴˮĻΧ˷ޱȵĽ
ˮĻ֮ϣϵĳɱĻ棬ȴûһͬôײзɱֱޡ
ʱţʱת˲š
֮У֮еǶѾһ֮УмʵԶˡ
̫ɪɯϯչֲֳޱȵʵԶˡ׻˹άŵҲͬ׺ףһ·ѹδһܡ


1491 䶯ȫ
άһƽԭ֮У̫һ£ƽԭ֮Уֻɫˮǹǰ
һɫĹˮǹ֮Χȥ
һͷһͷޱֱӺ顣
̫֮ͬеһ㣬ѹЩаޡ
̫Ұ㣡
̫ҪΪӣ

ǶǸĻ֮£ŮǷʵ̫һ󻶺֮
ɣͷˣˣս̫ѧԺˣߡһ׳ߣʵ̫ˣǵĻ֣Ȼսҿһ
̫Ȼͣס˽ŲĿһƬ֮пȥгϷ֮ɫ
֣
һ֮Ǵ֮Уһͬһ̫ȥ
֮еǿ߹ǿֻҪӵ㹻ǿرһһ׳ӵвʥʿǿߵƻ
ά̫ѧԺ֮УȻЯЩֲޱȵƻЩס׳ߵĹ׳ߵ׶ܹơ
ڤ粻飬ȻˣǶȥɣ
̫һȻͬ˲һ㣬һӰ֣ȴԭʧ
һ̫ĲӰ֮ϣֱӴһӰ
֮裡
֮УȻ̫һɲ֮䣬һɫĺͬһ㣬·֮ڡ

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һҽ֮Уڴ֮еս̫ѧԺѧԱ׷飬촷ʧ
¼һĻɫʮѿһߣ
طǿս֮Ҳʮƽ顣жϵǿҲ˵ı޿Σһжϴ󣬽ֻ·һ
һĻ֮У˽ƻĵ̫ʼ̫ѧԺϯ̫ǿˡһܹͳͳܣ̫룬ǰˡ
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̫ףǿޱȣȻ׷ż
찡ˣɪս̫ѧԺϯɪ̫ɪǰ˹ߵѧԺţɪδޱ˹ѡ̫
ĶԾ
ϣʵĶԾ
һˮĻ֮У˽˷ܵ
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̫޵Уɪȥ

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ɪҲһӢСӣǿ̫ȫһ֮ϣ⿴ܸ̫֮
άǡ
ɪ
̫Ǵһͭսһ棬һĨ֮ɫû뵽㾹ȻܹΪս̫ѧԺϯ
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ά֮УеѧԱԼˮ֮ϣӵдƣһƲͿѡһ˲ս֮УЩƺѷá
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̫һ̾кâһţһɫĹâҫһɫ֮ϸ֣γһ׳ɫսס
һĽ׳߼ĿֲϢ̫֮
Ľףʿߣ̫ȻѾĽףţһ붼ʼ̫ѧԺȻͽ׳ΪĽ׳ߣǶʼ̫ѧԺȻ̫ҲǶʼ̫ѧԺѵһţ
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ڶ֮Уһ׳µĶײһ׳߾ѾᾫӢĽ׳ȥĸܵĴ
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Ҫ֪̫ѧԺǰ֮У̫ѧԺϯҲֻ۷ĳߡһĽ׳֮У޵аĿֲڡ
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ɵɪ
̫Ұ㣡

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̫кâһȻֻɫˮǹΧϵתһɫĹͬһŻֱӺȥ
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һЦȡһ֮ͭܣһ弶߼Ŀֲѹֱӱ
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ף
ôܣ
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ôܣ

Ƕ֮УǴĻ֮£ɫ䣬жŲ֮ɫ׷ʧе
֮֮ɫ૵ף׳ߣʮţǳԽʮŵĹ
Ƕž黨ûΪУ
ףȻ׳ߣٶ̫ˣ
Ѿ˸ĳޣ

ž黨ԪǿˮĻһĿɿڴг¡
ž黨嶼ûһ弶ػһһ׳߶Զž黨嶯֣ž黨嶼ͷۡµѾ׳Ϊǿߣǰ;ֱ
Ƕž黨һ뵽ԼȻֲޱȵľͷоͲºҡ
ɫ䣬ĵű£׳ߣôܣܣ£ǲμ
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һɫƻһ֮ͭϣγһƹɵǿ֡
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ɫĺ漸һ˲̫ǰĿ䣬һ̫ݺնȥ
ƾ㣬ûʸɱҡɱ㣬Ϊҽ̤ʯ
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Ÿ̫Ԧʮֻɫˮǹȥ
һɫĹ˺Ѳ񷣬ȥ
˲طˮȻܹûŸս˿ֲޱȵķϧĶң
һЦͭ˫һģʮֹһ˲ƣĳǾŸ̫ĺ󷽣ӽſһĵطնȥ


1492 նɱ̫
ɫξֱӸ֣γһ⾧һµǴ֮ϡ
Ǵһն⾧֮ϣһɻ˲䱬һ⾧ֱն飬˳ն¡
һֲޱȵѪӿķ
һŤ΢΢һ̫һ³֮У֮ϳŤ˻ߵؽеôܷңܣ׳ߣҲܿҵط
׳ȻطҪһҲطǾ̫Цˡ
һЦһն䣬Բǧ׵ϯһգγһ޼᲻ݵĽ̫նȥ
ס֣ҡ
̫ɫ䣬Уһһ֮и֡
һ޼᲻ݵĽֱն£̫帡ֵһͬһ飬ֵסһֲޱȵĽУ
ס֣
ʱ̫ؿ֮ǰһâҫһЩγصͶӰһǽ֮ϣĽֱӺ顣
أǶʼ̫ѧԺصʦһ̫ѧԺĴһ̫ۡϣȻӡص塣̫˳ԾҲ̫ʧˣ
ǸˮĻ֮Уһ´˽Ծʧ
ףǳף
ʼ̫ѧԺף
ףף
ʼ̫ѧԺȥʺɣ

ڸĻ·һ´֮Ⱥ鼤ܡ
̫ѧԺһƽάǵѧϵװᱻһ飬˱˵Լϵȼر֮⣬رԲܹάǡ
̫ȻصͶӰˮȻˡ
Ŀһɭޱȵɱһһأ㾹Ȼף㵱ս̫ѧԺû𣿡
Ϲ֮۵ĶŶĿĿһۣҲ޾ĺ⡣
һĨƣһȣǶʼ̫ѧԺ䡣еĽ̫ѧԺС֮⣬Ƕʼ̫ѧԺ䣬ȵԴС̫ǵ̫ѧԺԺ״ӣԲ
ߣ
ŴԣҲֻܹһĬ
ʼ̫ѧԺԺһۼĿֲǿߣ޽ӽһߣ֧䶼ǵİ֮һ
ټ϶ʼ̫ѧԺѾ棬ҲͱˡһۼǿߵŭҲܹܵġ
άϡ
Ƕʼ̫ѧԺĵʦأһսӮˣ̫Ҿʹˣ
صͶӰһĽУĿһۣһ֣һɫĴ֮˲̫ϡ
ɪ֮裬μģʮ֮ڣ裬һٱƷ
̫ĵ棬˫֮гԹһһ
Ȼˣ㻹ɣ
һЦһ֣һɫˮԲֱӷɳ
һɫƽ֯һɿֲޱȵĿռ䲨ɫˮԲ֮зɳ̫һ
һɫĴ֮ⱻֱӴϡ
ټ̫
һЦһָֻɫĹǹգһɫĹɫˮǹֱ̫֮Ӻȥ
ס֣
صӰѣһµ̫ǰ
һɫĹصӰ֮ϣصӰֱӺ飬ֲޱȵɫ˲佫̫ɣƬ
֮һĨ֮ɫе찡̫ˣҿʲôʼ̫ѧԺϯȻɪУ̫˳Ծˣ
ɵƯɪ
ɱúã
ɪ㾹Ȼɱ̫㣡
̫

ǿһֱһ·еΪ̫件裬ͬҲ̫ŭ
һ´λ֮վ˫۳죬棬ɱӿôɱˣôɱǶʼ̫ѧԺϯҪɱҾҪɱ
һĨ֮ɫЦ侲أֻһ⡣֮˲һ̫ɱս̫ѧԺѧʱҲûи档ѵҪ̫ѧԺս𣿡
һɭޱȵɱһһҲͰˣ̫Ժ˵״ӡԲܹ£ɪǶʼ̫ѧԺԽϳǽǣ
Ŷɫ΢΢һϳǣأ㻹ã
ϳǱʼ̫ѧԺյһʥǣһԴḻޱȣʥ߼ǿߵ
ؾȻԸóһֱţײŶλ˼ֻԵֵջ
һſʥߵһ׳ߣֱǴ׬׬ȻһѵһţڱϾֻһ׳ߣֵȲһʥǡ
һĨâϧǴֱʣϧɪǸԺ˵״ӣҲҵʦܡ޷Ӧ
Ŀ΢΢һеšԵͳͳʧһĨ֮ɫˣ
Ƕ֮ǿļ֮һǶʼ̫ѧԺԺҲδĶ֡µ޼ɵ޹˼ɡ
һǵ˿壬ֱӷʩչطͳͳɱһɱ˳ˡ
Ϊսűս̫ѧԺԺλãΪ˸Ժȳ쾧֮򣬵ս̫ѧԺԺַŮˣΪʵ̫ǿˡ
̫ɪУ⣬ɪӦþһĵһˡ
รףױޣһͷʼ̫ѧԺŰȻͷױޣһɪΣˣ
Ϊϻ۵İ
ȻһĨ˷֮ɫе
ά֮Уһͷȼܻ棬峤ߴǧ׵Ļ޵һͷͬһĿֲ޹ꡢһͷͷϳޣڵλֱӷ
ͷױ֮ǰһεףȫΣֻһ˿˿Ϣ¶ͷŭױޣڵλü۶
̫ɪ˭ҪܹΪһ˵ֻһֻҰһ
кâȻֻ׳ߣһ֮һ׳ˮסһˮһ׳ҲԷټ
ʹױ޵㣬Ҫ赶ɱˣױɱ̫ɪ

ɨ˰һۣ¶һ˿֮ɫһָֻɫˮǹ֣һɫĹһ£˲ڰ˫֮ϣ˫ֱӺ顣
ƬѪӰ˫֮нա


1493 
ôܣôܷң
һĨ֮ɫһ˺ѷεľУ˲š
һɫˮֱӸ֣һɫƴˮ֮зɳڰϣʼд͡
һͷſһҧһֲޱȵֱӸ֣ڰ֮ϡ
һ˲䰢ͱͷȥһҧ£ƬѪء
е군ˣɪҲ˴ΣͷױޣΣˣ
ϧɪҪ군ˣ
ǿױޣһһĻɪмʤ㣡һˣ
̫ϧˣ

ǶǵĸˮĻ֮£һϧ
һˮĻŽ֮ɫ
һһĻױ޻һ˿ʤ㣬һ̫ա
ɨͷױһۣ΢΢һΣǳֱӷӶȥ
һͷȻͷſһҧһֲޱȵи֣նֱҧ飬ȥ
ſɫˮһ¸֣һ˿˿ƽ֯Ÿһģһ˲֡
ͷ޵ͷ­ݺݵҧϣֱӱֱҧ顣
֮裡
ǲд嶼ֳɫˮǹɫˮǹתһɫĹͬһ㣬ͷ޵֮ϣͷԲ֧顣
ͷ峤ǧ׵Ļ޵ſһ磬һֲޱȵĻֱϯ񷣬ֱһ
ǻ֮׷ױ飬촷ʧ
һӰ΢΢һͷ֮ǰǰֳһʮ׵ɫǹ
𣡡
Ŀ䣬һͷ޵ͷ­ֱӿ۶
һɫи֣ɫ֮УһɫĹ˲䱬һһͷ޵ͷ­֮ϡ
һɫĹ˲佫ͷױ޵ͷ­飬ֲĹâһûͷױ޵ڣͷױ޽ʵ÷顣
ͷ峤ǧ׵Ļ޵âһĴ򣬼ԦſֲޱȵĻһ³ǰ̽צһץſֲޱȵĻץȥ
ǿֲޱȵĻצһץı֮ϣ׾ٵĽı顣
һ˿˿΢΢һͳͷ޵ϷֻɫˮǹֱӸ֣һɫĹͬһͷ޵ͷ­֮ϣͷ޵ԴֱӺ顣
һ˷ܣ֮г˼ˣͷޣɪɵˣ̫ˣɪ̫ˣ룬ǰˣΪɣ
ɪҰ㣡
ɪģ
ɪҪΪӣ

ǶһˮĻ·һ´󻶺֮
ͷÿһͷ׵˺һ׳ߣɪһȻ׾ٵĴȫʤսֱ졣
ߵͷ޵ʬ֮ǰķŪһ£ҳ貹âͬʯһ޾ˡ
һ֣һɫˮֱӸ֣档
޾ǱǶɫˮ档
һɫƴ֮и֣һûһɫˮ档
ɫˮâҫһɫĹâˮ֮䣬ûڡ
ʮ֮һɿֲޱȵɫâϢڽֱͻƣһٽ׳Ϊһ׳ߡ
֮еף찡ɪ̫ˣȻ׳Ϊ׳ߣȫǶǵĽ׼¼ս̫ѧԺϯ̫ˣǰˣ
ף׳ߣ
ôܣ
̫ˣ
ɪɪҰ㣡

֮Уһ±󻶺֮׳ǿ溣ʿǿߣڶ֮ҲǿһС澹Ȼܹ׳Ϊ׳ߣֱ졣
¼һĻҲĿɿڴһ˼飺ףֲøԺ˻ѡĽٶֲ̫ˣ
֮ٶԶʿҪöࡣɾˣµҲ˽һʮ֮
żս̫ѧԺһ꣬һһ׳һ·죬׳Ϊ׳ߣٶȼֱ졣
ĵһۣгԹ֮ɫҧгݵ
Ľٶʵֲ̫Ҳûа
׳ɶôţ
Ǵһɫսף׵Ϲ̫֮ѧԺϯɯվԶĶ棬֮һĨ֮ɫ
ɯҲһţ֮ǰոͻƣ׳ΪĽ׳ߡʵڹȥȫԳΪ֮еĵһǿߡ
Ǿ̫ɯûбʤİա׳֮󣬶ɯûаսʤ
滺˫ۣŶɯڵķһۣһЦ
ˣ
ɯɫ䣬·һͷ̫޶һ㣬һ¸ֳһɫˮơ
һɫƽ֯һɿֲޱȵĿռ֣֮ɯԼͳ
ɯѡ˳ˣһѡά֮УѾûܹ赲ɪˡ
ɯѡȷġ
ɪǸûܹ⣡
ɯǴҰˣ

ǶǸˮĻ֮Уִ󻶺֮ɯޱȣ޷Ƿ⼸Ѿ˶ˣѾΪ˶ǵǡЩȻԸ⿴С
ӣһ·ɨıͳͳɱ̫ѧԺѧԱ󲿷ҲֻǱ뿪άǡ
ս̫ѧԺѧԱ֮Ҳм۵棬׵Ľ
һ֮ҫһ´άǱͳǹ֮С
ǹλ֮ϣˣǱµ߽׳ߡ
ʱһĶ棬ɫ䣬޲ԳֱֽӺɱ
üЦһ̫ѧԺȵһɪ
һɫˮƴӱµзɳһС
һ̫ѧԺȵһɪʥһĽ츳ֻµ´μʱѾΪһ߽׳ˣ
ɪ
ɪҰ㣡

ǶǸˮĻ֮£һ´һޱȵĻ֮
һ滯ɪͳΪ˶һĴǡ
ԼԺͬͬһʹȥ档
ǿߵҪԴһ֣̫ѧԺṩԴáѧԺĵһ˶桢ԺԼ׬ȡޱȵԴ


1494 
ˣпԼ쾧Ը֧ʮң
һֻˮèܼţ㱨Ÿ鱨
浭桢ЩͳͳܾûȤ
ڶҪľʱ䡣
֮սһ֮ǰս׶ΣǾ鷳ˡ
һţҲҪԴʱ䡣ĽٶѾ죬˷ʱ䣬һ·ףԻɡ
Ĺ͡
§ǴŮͷάΣһ䵭ûȤԺЩͳͳһؾ
ʱȻ΢΢һһˮֱӸ֡
µˮ֮𣺡ɪǹ󣡡
۾΢΢һӴԡ֮󣬽봫ͼ䣬ֱӴ˹ǹ
¿棬һĨ֮ɫɪЩòһΪΪһ֮󣬻ΡڿɵƯ
ЩʹԼķ֮ڣչûķţñʮ⡣
Ϊս̫ѧԺĵʦгɾ;Եˣſ޵ţʮ⡣
΢ЦֻӦ顣
˵úãҾʹǰʥ磡
ȡһɫȨȣ΢΢һ㣬һɫĹâҫֱ֡
һɫĹâ΢΢һͳһޱȵĿռ֮ڡ
ˣ
һٶݻʣʮû֦չŮӭ
ɪҵĸ˹ˮ⽢档ʱִܹĿĵأú÷һ£һֱޣľ񲻺ãЩҸո򵽵Ķɫһϲ
´ЦһżŮָǼŮһϲɫֱ˹ȥ
лʦ֣
΢΢һЦ⹳ָѡԸ˵Ů
֮
һҳһ׵ĸ˹ˮ⽢֮Ծֱûһҳһǧ㴬͵ˮҪ֮ڡ
¶ʥҪԽʥҪ֮һɪҪ֮еˣǰʥšཻܹѣδкô
΢Цǣʦ֣
ڱµĴ֮£һ޴Ĺ㳡֮С
½͵Ǹ㳡ֱ뿪Ȼһ߽׳ߣҲûʸʥ硣
ǹ㳡֮У洦ɼŮģߣԼԲͬš
ֻǶ֮һűȽǿǳڶ֮еϡ
汾ӵоŴߣɱֻʣϱɱһ֮ˣᱻɱ
֮սüޣ߲ûлɱϣṩӴԴõkˣָkʵ
֮սУÿһ߶սЩȻ䡣
ѡ񶼴ǣҲΪϱشòչϵ֮ڲź˷ˡ
Ƕ棬Ȼƣǿꡣ
ЩſһۣʱĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
ЩԲͬ棬඼Ľ׳ߣа˸׳ߡ̶̲һʱ䣬ЩžʹӴʿ֮ʿֽ֮ٶȼֱ졣
ʿĽٶȾѾ˵ˣǶ֮еȣ
ɪˣ
һһ𣬶ɯͬһõ壬һĨߡ
ʵɯôܹ
ɯ΢΢һЦҵʦԼʥһʱøҡ
һĨâЦʦ۰㣡
ʥһʱ䣬ʥ߶ĶĸɯʦȻԸ⽫ʸøɯֱ˷˼
ɯȻһЦҵʦҵĸסС۰ҡ
һһͷɫ̷òӢ˹ϴ΢ЦȴӹһĨ⣬Ŀһ۵ɯһλʲôˣ
ɯȻһЦһλǶ̫ѧԺȵһɪһ׳ߣ
ӶʱһһĨɵ֮ɫ׳ߣ
׳ߣ
ǵһˣ

˷һ´һĿ⣬׷׼ϣӡɵʵָӵĸ顣
ɭеĵȫ΢ЦãɪǼɭ̫ѧԺȵһˣҲǶɯѣϣܹʶ㡣
ҶûȤ뿪
ɭЦһɫһĶ棬ЦãɪΪİ۵ģ
ɭһ࣬Ŷɯɯߣ
ɯӯӯһЦ߰ɣһһЩϵҪɪ
ããã
ɭһĨŭ֮ɫֱתԶȥ
ɯΣЦɪΪʲôܾύɭҲһĽ׳ߣδǰ;
浭ȻһЦһˡʲôʸҽύң񡣡
ɭѾԼĶصúܺãϧһߡŵĶҲӲĸӦ
ʱһ𷢱ۣ˫޳ѩ񣬻·ɢһ뵱⣬ĻԸУȱ绪ľ˴Ľ̤乬֮ڡ
ȴˣǰȴˣ
ȻΰŮ
ȻҲˣ

һ̤⹬֮ڣͽ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ̰֮ɫ
ɯĶŰȣ֮г˷뼤֮ɫȴˣΰϱµĵʮ߹û뵽ȻܹĴ
ʱ֮нֻʣߣȻشȴҲȻǶ֮ǿ֮һ
ϵĵʮ߹ĵλȶǵҪߡ
濴˰һۣҲһĨ֮ɫ߽׳ߣʱпܽʥߣʣǿ£
ɪ
ھߵʱתͷһۣһѹ
ɪ
ȴһɰҺ㣬ûȤҵˣֻҪԸ⵱ҵˣҿԱ֤һ׳Ϊʥߡ
һĽĿһ¼ϡ
Щϯ˵׳ߺ߽׳߾ЩѶȡ˽ʥȻһ޴ޱȵĺ蹵콾ͨŵķֽߡ
ڶ֮УȻһֻ߽׳ߣ޷ʥߡ
治΢΢һЦȣҶһ顣Ҫ׷ԣҲܵˡҾͻʧȥ׷ʸ¡
Ҫ׷ң㽫׵֮Ҳῼһ¡
ȵȻһЦתȥ档


1495 ʥ
ɯ֮Ĺâһϧɪ֪֪ʲôŮɫ漣ȡҲΰϱе֮ϣ׵ߵľšܹΪˣԿԳΪһʥߡ
浭ȻһЦҽƾԼı£ҲԳΪһʥߡ
㲻֪ҪΪһʥжôѡĻȷʵкܴϣʥߡ
ɯһ뵽Ƕ֮У׵һĻĿڵ
һ֮ڽ׵Ĺţڶ֮УҲûС֮սУź͹ﶼð˳Щһ֮ڽ׵ľŽʥ߻û̫ѶȣΨе֮ڲܹסǡ
һ⹬ڳŶǰȥڨ󲿷˶ֻ˵˼仰ͱߵŮߣֻǼ׵Ųܹߡ
һʥҪâһƽ֯һ±仯Ϊһͷ޻ŭ˫צһ˺˺ѳһ޴ޱȵĿӣһ·˽ȥ
ҪڲһſǿޱȵĽ磬ǴҵĿռ֮ͳͳҪ֮е˸޴յĸо
ɭ΢΢̧ͷ˫֮һ¸ֳһ˿˿ޱȵĹâҪȥ
濴˼ɭһۣɫһﲻԾӦļ
ûע⵽ҲͰˣһע⵽ߵı׾ܹɭϿ
ȻѾ˼ɭݣȴҲûнҴĴ㡣
ʱţһת˲š
һâ΢΢һһʥҪ˺գһޱȵ֮ڡ
ʥ磬Ȼ
ʥҪ֮߳ΧһۣһĨâ
ʥ֮УһһɫˮһޱȵĴ󣬴ڤڤ֮е֮гȡתΪӴޱȵԴܡ
һɫϢʥ֮洦ɼָѵһĵر
ڶ֮УŴ߸һʥ硣սңʥֻʣ
ÿһʥ綼һ޴ʥأҲĵرľءʥ֮Уһݣ綼ϵۡ
Ȼһʥأˮ֮Ӧþǵ߼ǿߵ֮ϧҲǽأԿͻͽκλɡ
ʥ뿴һۣʥˮ·һ㣬Դǣȥ
ɫˮ֮зֱӵһߣɢſֲޱȵĵѹ
ߣ
ɨһۣһ䣬΢΢һΣһɫˮȥ
ڰǼ׳ҲڰȵǴɫˮȥ
ɯһĨϧɫˮǵ߼ǿ߲ܹǰȥʥأŰȣҲǰϧˡ
ɯҲ򰮵ȴڨϣܹΪˡϧʮòľܾˡ
ȻŮӵӴԴҪҲֻЩ֮еš򣬾Ҳôš
ʲôϧģҽҪʥߣˮɵ顣֮ڣҲûʲôµġ
浭ȻһЦһһɫֱӸͷϷʥɫϢ
ɫϢǣûɫ֮Уעڡ
ÿʱỵ̈ϢڷϽס
ɪҲҪŬ׷
ɯ֮һĨâһ̤һһȥ
ǿʱ򣬻߲һУΧһ˳ˮ򶼻໥֮Ӱ졣
ʱţת˲š
һɫˮ·һɫȻһɫӿͳͳգһɫĹһû·ڡ
һ߽׳ߵĿֲϢһ´֮ϯķ
߽ףȻ߽ףһµţ
һɫˮ֮ڣȸӦһϢһ֣һˮĻǰˮĻ֮иһˣ档
ȣϲˣ
һ𷢱ۣĿ࣬òȥʮᣬ˫ȴһ˿˿ɣ΢΢һЦ
üͷһ壬Ųϲˡֻǿ츳ãҪҵˣܾˡ
ʥ֮һҲϵĸ£سͷ
ЦȻҾܾ룬ǵ졣ҪҪڳ֣ѹΪūͣ
ȵȻһЦţҵūͣҲĴ治ΪҾЧūͲ粻ҪҪΪū͵ˣ֮ͬ꣬һ࣬һ١
޵ǰȣ㸸еŮ֮Уõ˾㡣Ҳֻ㣬ӵн׵ߵʣͬС
ߵŮÿһ츳һ꣬϶ӵ溣ϵΪǾߵãһЩ֮⣬ܹ׵ߵͬࡣ
ȾŮ֮ϣ׵ߵš
ףˣȻҪɫˮȤ
ȻĿ΢΢һ¶һ˿ȤˮĻȥ
ֻˮĻ֮Уͷһɫһɫˮȥ
ɫˮ֮ƣγһǿޱȵɫ磬εػסɫˮֻʥ߼ǿ߲ܹɫˮڣ߽׳ҲᱻɫĽ絲ס
һɫĽ֮ǰҲˮ֮ǰɫ絲ס
΢΢һЦɪȷʵǸšϧϾֻһ߽׳ߣܽɫˮ
Ŀһһ֣һöɫˮֱӸ֡
һɿֲޱȣ̺Ŵʥɫâˮ֮бӲĽɫĽ䴩
ôʱһ³ɫĽ磬ɫˮ֮ڡ
оâһ̾˲𣡣˲𣡣ȻöһһԵʥرɪϸ¹˲𣡣һν֮УֻпͬС
֮һĨ⣬Ĭֱǰһҿʼչ
һɫˮ֮ڣɫˮ֮еϵǿԼ꣬ϵıǿ
ʮһ֮һʥ߼һһɫˮ֮˷ɢȥ
˽׳Ϊʥߣ
ȴ˽׳Ϊʥߣ
ǰȴˣ

쾳֮жµ˽ʥߵ˭һ˷ܡ
ʱţһת˲ȥ
һâҫ˶ֱӴͻصʥҪ֮ڡ


1496 
ʱʥҪ֮еڶŶɢһɿֲޱȵϢ󲿷ֵʵѾס
ɪ
ɯһĨ磬ЦӯӯߵǰϸĴ棬֮һĨĽ֮ɫѾ߽׳˶Բԣ
΢΢һЦû
ɯ֮һĨʣ̾˲𣡣
֮еٶԶԶʿ硣ͬԽ棬ҪһҪʱԽ
̶һʱ䣬Ѿ׽׵߽ףʥ֮УֽٶҲǿþˡ
ϧٶȻǱȲһλ
ɯ΢΢һЦŰȵķһۡ
ʱǰһ㵭ʥ֮Уһ˿˿ֲޱȵʥΧƣʥɷ
ڰߵǼÿһѾףǿжһ˿˿
ߵǼŸڽɫˮʹĵرʮַŽס
澹Ȼڰ֮ڣѾ߽ףΪһ߽׳ߡЩжʮּʡ
֮һһĨ磬ǰ
ȴһ˿߸ϵİɪҺ㣡Ը⵱ҵˣҿ㵱ҵĴܼҡ
΢΢һЦίľܾʮֱǸҲ뵱ĹܼҡֻΪ׷ߡ
ȳһᣬȻһЦȻˣôѰɣ
Ҳ΢΢һЦã
밮Ƚһľ飬ʥҪâ΢΢һһ±仯Ϊһͷ޻̽צһץ˺ʥĽ硣
ڣ
ɭһĨ֮ɫһ֣һ̺ϢĽɫʹëֱӷɳ
һɫĹǽɫʹë֮зɳֱӽʥҪֱӺһֲޱȵĶѨ
һɫĹֱ񷣬ͨڤڤ֮еĿռ䣬γһ޴ޱȵĿռͨ
һϣʥâ֮еʹֱӸ֣ɢһ˿˿㼶Ŀֲֳʹ֮ӽһն
һֲޱȵĽ˺Ѳ񷣬ӲĽʥ붼ϵնϡ
һ˲䣬һɿֲޱȵ淴ֱӱһɢ㼶ʹһըѿѪ·ɽ
ʹ֮Уʹֱ֮ӷһεѪںһγʹʥڵķ

ɫˮ֮Уŭޱȵ
һֻֻˮǹǽɫˮ֮иֶһͬһЩʹȥ
ǹ֮ƬƬʹֱӺƬֱ䡣
һɫˮ֮УҲֳˮǹһâ֮еʹȥ
ʹˮǹУֱķѣ֮׹䡣
Ϊ
ɢŵ߼ֲĳʹʹ֮зɳȼԼʹ֮ģӶʹ֮ɫˮֱնȥ

һȺӣ
Щķӣ

ɫˮ֮ڴ߾ַŭĺһֱӸ֣ػڵkǵǰ
ЩڸԵ֮УǴڶĴڡ򲻵ѵĵزû˻ȼԼıԴƴ
һɫˮ֮кЩ߼ĳʹϣkǺ˺ۡ
һ˲䣬ǾŴ߼ĳʹ˽һһֲޱȵĽâնɫˮ֮ڡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уɫˮһ±ǿֲޱȵʹ֮ɡ
Ϊ
ҫ
һһʹǾʹڷɳһʥȼձԴ˽һһɫˮնȥ
¡¡
ʥ綼ڲϵ𶯣޴ıը֮ϴһһɫˮֱӱ顣
ʹʥ磬Щʥǿɱһ
һϣɱͽֻɱǲܹȥ
ȿ˼ɭһۣ֮һĨɭޱȵɱȵ
ڳŶֱӷӦʩչطˮǹֱӸ֣żɭֱӺȥ
Ůȷʵϧƾɱң
ɭһĨϷ֮ɫһɫʹëâ΢΢һһĸߴ󣬿ޱȵԳʹֱӱٻɢſֲޱȵʥףֳһضܣſǿޱȵʹ磬ǰ
Ĺʹ֮ϣֱӱʹֱɣΨаȵˮǹʹ磬ȴʹֱ֮ӵס
ŮעҪ
ɭһЦнɫʹëâҫһâҫɢʥ߲ĳʹֱٻ
ɯ֮һĨ֮ɫ૵ˣʥߣˣ
żһĻжһĨ֮ɫ
ֻһʥߣаһŮڣֻϣkɱ
ʥ߼ĳʹٴ˵أĺҲֻ·һ
΢΢ɫ䣬֮Ҳһ˿˿⡣һһkĽһʥ߼ĳʹնɱһԶʤδ֪֮һûκʤ㡣
ȣսɣ
浭ȻһЦһ̤һ¸ֳޱȵƣһɫȻ֣ǣɫϢ߻ۣһɫĹûڡ
һ˲䣬һʥ߼֮ϯķ
ɭĿɿڴ֮ɫһ˺ѷεĺ֮˽ףʥߣôܣô֮ܽ죡ⲻܣܣ
֮¶һ˿˿ϣ˽ףȻĽˡǰ忴еˣȻ
ɯĿɿڴԼ۾ʥߣȻʥˡֽٶȣ̫ˣ磬˰Ů֮⣬Ȼš
ȵһ˶ţǴ󲿷˶ֹס߽׳ߣһ޷ʥ߼ڣʥߡ
澹Ȼڶ̶ʱ֮ڣһһ׳ֱӽʥߣֽٶȼֱ˷˼
ɭһĨ֮ɫɱɱˣ
ʹֳʹ֮Ȼͬһ㣬ӽնȥ
һöͭˮֱӸ֣ųһâһͭɫսϡ
ͭսױ֮ͭһȣһͭɫĹϯ̺һ˿˿ޱȵʱ֮
һ˲ƳһʹǰֻɫĹǹָǳʹԴâһɫĹֱӽǳʹ顣
ȻˣҫʮֻɫˮǹֱӸ֣һɫĹͬһЩʹȥ


1497 ȡʹ
ʥĳʹӶ󽣣Ŵ˷Ĺʱʱͱһ˺ۡ
֮еĸطعأǿĹطˮǹˮǹˮǹһһ׳ҲӵвʥߵֶΡ
Ůͨˮǹһȫ汬ֱƿֲӲѹסĴʥʹ
ͬһ㣬֣Ĵʥʹ֮дûһɫˮǹĴʥʹ֮ϣĴʥʹֱӺ顣Ŀʥĳʹ֮ҲС
ɭһĻĿɿڴ֮г˿־壬岻ϵĲôܣôոսʥߣôǿ󣿡
ֵˣҲȥˣ
ɭһЦͭ˫΢΢һģͬ˲һڼɭߡ
ֻɫˮǹһ·ɳһɫĹͬһڼɭߵĳʹ֮ϣɫĹΪһߣڽ֮ϣ׾ٵĽǽᴩǳʹԴ顣
һץͽһʥʹڳץС
ɪ㡭
ɭһ𺧣˵һɫĹֱӺԴ֮ϣԴֱӺ顣
ɭԴ֮еһʹëҲֱӱ顣

֮Уһų֮ʹһ·һ˺ѷεĺ֮һ±ǿֲޱȵų֮飬ըѿ
ۣγһʹ֮ģֱ֮ӷȥ
ǵĹ·ѾϾΪɱ
ҫɱЩˣ
Ϊ

ЩʹǼһĻһĨ֮ɫȼձԴ˽һʥǿɱȥ
ǳʹΧ֮£һһʥǿֱ䡣
һɫĹâҫ漸ͬ˲һ㣬һ̺֮ʹ֮ǰһ֡
һö̺ŷӡ֮ķӡˮֱӸ֣һųޱȵƣһӡ䣬һ̺֮ʹֱӷӡ档
֮һĨ֮ɫһţɪ
һöʹ౻ӡˣ
ǿһʹ࣡

һ̰ޱȵĿһ¼滯ɪϡ
һöʹӵмΪֲ޷˽㣬ҲԶö֮˷˼һսĿֲڡ
ɵúãɪǸӽңֻҪ㽫ǸӽңһϱǰΪ˵Ȣȡ
һ֮дѾ֧飬ֻʣһͷ­ĵ֮߰зɳ̰֮ɫһ˿ͬһ㣬һӡϯȥ
Ǿˣһöʹ֮ģҽֺչˣ
һЦһָʮɫˮǹֱӸ֣ɫγһɣŰֱӺȥ

һĨŭɫһ춯صŭ֮˿ϯۣ֯γһǿޱȵķ硣
ɫǷ֮ϣǷֱӹᴩ˳ƽͷ顣
ɪ
һ춯صŭ֮һ䶯ӲĽͷ­µĲλǿ֮пȥ
ֻѾ˺գʧãã֮С
ɱҫ΢΢һΣֱʧķ׷ȥ
һ֮䣬ͳ֮УܿտޱȣſռҲټ
һĨâһ㣬һֻˮֱӸ֡
һֻˮǰƶɵرˮȮרŸ׷١һߣֻҪ¶ۼҲ׷١
ˣ3355Ϊ񣡡
һֻˮһ־Ϳԣܡ
׷ˣ
һĨ⣬һ֣һ̺ɪһ˿ϢĹâûһֻˮȮڡ
ʼ
һֻˮ˫֮һ¸ֳصĹâһ˿˿ޱȵ˷ɢ
ֻˮ˫֮Уһ¸ֳޱȵӡΧȥ
Χһ·ʱ⿪ʼתһ㣬ֳһ˿˿
Ӱݣͷˮյ֮һబĵ˾֮¡
ǻݵӰոֱۣӱ
һͷˮϣʧܣ޷׷Ѱ
һĨâһûڡʵŭ֮
ѾشǵkµΨһܹԽkĻᡣ
һ߼ʹ࣬ǰΨһĻᡣ
֮λɻʳϷһǳΪʹǣһǳ֮У鲼ʹ
һʹ֮еʹÿһΪɫĳʹǿơ
ǳ룬һߴʮ׵ɽɽ֮һ޴ޱȵǸʹ
һ˿˿ҫһ³ʹ֮С
£
ʹ֮һ·ɳʮۼĳʹǡȼڰʹҲУһ棬㵥ϥ£
֮һĨ֮ɫߣѾˣҺĲ࣬ԽԽ޴ˡ
Ǳѹʱ򣬻ֻһʿĳʹڵkѾһۼǿߡ溣ʿǣȴѾΪһߣǸо޳
磬ˣ
һɫĹâ΢΢һѩűֱͶĻУ
ҴŪ㼶ʹࡣ㿴ܲk
΢΢һЦָſһö㼶ĳʹֱӷɳ
һ㼶Ŀֲǳʹ֮ӿϯķͼѡ
һ¸ֳһ˿˿ӡ׵Ľǳʹѹ
ѩü΢΢һҿһҾ޷ΪһߣֻܹΪһӵ㼶սʹŮʡ
ߺ㼶սȫͬĸӵͬ治㲻һ汻ɱֻҪӡǲ飬ڱ֮
㼶սȴζЩǿȻܵʱʴ䡣ҲûǶصĲԡ
Ҳ¸ҪңԣԸkΪսҽܹ׳Ϊ֮һܹҽĺ֢
ѩȻһЦУӹһö߼ĳʹࡣ
ȷʵҪİ
ѩֱӻһ⣬ԭʧŶȥ
澧֮һӰǾ֮зɳѩţһɫĹâѩŵϣõkܶų⡣
ȻܹǱ붼治ų⣬ͬҲѩĵ߼ĳʹܶų⡣


1498 ѩŽ
һŷ֮С
ʼɣ
㿴һ۳
΢΢ͷͷһ¸ֳһöԲһӡһϢİ׹ǰԲ֮ӿһûѩŵڡ
ѩһޱȵİ׹֮˾棬·Ϊ浮֡
ѩָһţһ̺ʥϢѩֱӷɳһ㼶ʹ֮ڣʹŮʵһһö㼶ĳʹࡣ
һö㼶ʹ֮Уõĺ֡Ǹڲ֮λ汻ѩ˳ޱȵһö߼ĳʹࡣ
Ȼ֮䣬Բ꣬һһһֲޱȵ籩
Ӵޱȵ˷۶γһɣγһֲޱȵĹһûѩŵڣһɺޱߵѹӵk֮ϯķ
ߣµߵ𣿡
㼶
˭ڽ㣿

ֲޱȵϢԶƬ֮Уһ¸ֳֻ޴ޱȵ۾Ŀѩš
Ƕǵɪ
һ˵ļһȻܹʹ࣡
ʹŮʰɣ֣Ȼõˣ

߾Ŀߣâ
ںƽʱڣ߾Գ֣滯ɪɱԲһӵ㼶ĳʹ
֮սĹؼʱҲֶֻܹ֮еţ·Ķһ
Ƕ֮ս֮УҲ໥սɱݣѾ̲˲֪ٴˡ
ʮ֮һɿֲޱȵ籩ʧѩҲֱɱΪһӵһսʹ
һ˿˿ҫǱɱһεͶӰֱӸ֣ϴźͰ΢Цߵߣϣϲ㣬ɪһ㼶ʹԸҵ칬ΪЧ
칬Ƕ칬֮һϵ칬֧ǳҲֻ֮һ
΢΢һЦɪԸ칬ҿԽǴ͸㣬Ϊķءҽ㡣ͬʱ߾칬㡣
۾΢΢һ΢ЦȻˣɪԸΪЧ
֮УϱɱһΣȻѾʵ֮һ´ڵ׵λák볣µıչָԼ
֮£ϵӪܹĺô
ϵˮó
ȡһöӵ;ˮơ
һָһ֮һûһöˮ֮УųޱȵĹâ
ˣѾˡ
΢΢һЦһֱ֣˺Ѳ񷣬֮гһ޴ޱȵĴš
һ𷢱ۣףһ޳ȣɢ֪ϢľŮǴ֮ӯӯ߳
𷢵ľŮһ񹧹ǰ˿ȣɪˣӽҾŮͳʲô飬ԾܷԸҡ
һĨâ̾һ䣺һ־һŮʥߣߣȻֱʡ
һ˵һʥߣҲֻǺķԴٵ⡣Ȼˣͬ˿ʳʵ׵Ůʥⶼ֮УҲǼΪĴڡ
ʱ䣬칬֮͡
΢΢һЦͶӰһ±ֽ⣬ǹʧ
ߣ
΢΢һΣһ̤ԭʧ
ս̫ѧԺڣһ񣬿һԵıһЦ£ɪһˣ
Ŀ亮أɪһλ˵ĵӡ㾹ȻҪץɪһˣѵµ𣿡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ӶһĨ֮ɫһۼǿߣǿҲԸ
壿Σң
һۼĿֲϢ洫һĸߴ󣬴һ۵һĴͬһͷֲޱȵľһ㣬ս̫ѧԺ֮еֱӱ飬Ӳļ˽
ˣ
һ֮İۼǿߣʱɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫ
Ŀ£ÿҡս̫ѧԺҲûдڵıҪˡ
ʥ߼Ŀֲӵڶ𶼴̫ѧԺʥҲ˽վڵ
Եȣ
һߴʥߣһĨ֮ɫ˵һ䣬ʼ
һɫĴ֮ҫޱȵĿ֮и֣һ˹֮С
۾΢΢һ䣬֮һĨΣޱȵĹâһЦ㵱϶ʼ̫ѧԺԺ֮ӱ˲Ȼ鷳˵ô
һĨϷ֮ɫһЦ壬ʵҲĶ֡ϧһͽܡ˰ˡһǰץ㡣㻹翹𣿡
ۣ
һڳ˶ɫ䡣µ֮һʵֲס
Ȼһ۷ĿֲǿߣҲԲǰĶ֡
Ŀ΢΢һʲô֤ǰģ

Ŀ΢΢һһ㣬һöˮֱӷɳųޱȵơ
һƽ֯γһͶӰһɵ߼ĿֲѹǰͶӰ֮ϯķ
һ˿֮ɫƬ֮𵴣壬ĵɪҵıҹ£־ܡҾս̫ѧԺһᣡ
֣֮Ҫ־ܣ첻
֮һĨâ֮Уһ¸ֳʮֻɫˮǹĳɫˮǹ֮кͬһŰֱӺȥ
ڤ粻飡
ͶӰһĨâһ֣һɫˮĻֱӷɳſһ
ɫƴˮĻ֮ǳɫĹͳͳգȻ仯Ϊһɫſһֱסѹ
ĳһտһۣοЦɶһ۾ȻԳ֣ɪʲôǺˣ
ֺߵ˿ǰһḬ̃Թ޵ȸӵĸ飬΢΢һЦ壬ҵˡѾһǧˡ֮ĶԹڿ˽ˣһζһͽܣһûл֡
еĺͽܣ˵𣿡
һһԴһ͹âҫ桢ѩš˿˾ͳ⹬֮ڡ
һĿⶼ˹ȥ


1499 ת
￴棬һĨϲ֮ɫɭһЦɪ㾹Ȼһ޴͸£ΪΣ
ĿĶ˰˿ȵϣԥһŵʣ칬ʥŮ𣿡
˿ȹǵģ£ΰϱɪߵŮͳӽɪ˾Ƕǵˡ
ô˵ɪһʹ࣬Ѿɹˡ
ɲĿѩŵϡֻѩɢһҲовĿֲϢ
浭һЦǶʼ̫ѧԺȻɱ񼫣ɱ壡ѩţɱǣ
ǣϣ
ѩȻһЦһУһʹֱ֮Ӹ֣ͬ˲һ㣬һ𶼴ʼ̫ѧԺʥ߱󣬻ӽһն
һҫһʥ߾ͱѩֱһΪͳͳն𣬱һʬ塣
һʥ赭дıѩնɱЩʼ̫ѧԺʥһëȻһ¸ֳһƣͼԶȥ
ЩˣԵҺûã
ѩȻһЦһ֣һޱȵʹֱӷɳʥߵڣkֱѹ
һۼĵҲʹ׵ѹ޷
£㣬Ⱦң
һĨ־֮ɫŰధ
Ŀһɪס֡ЩҴߣһḶĴۣ
ĮȻͳͳɱˣ
ѩȻһЦһһǱѹʥһնɱ
г˿־ͻ⣬ҽеɪס֣һҿԵū͡һˣ
һЦҪ
һ㱻ǿֲޱȵĽһΪһ壬һʬ壬ڵϡ
ܺãɪҼסˡ
һĨâĵһۣһҧһ»ǹʧ
˿ԥһᣬѵˣϾϱµߣʵǿޱȣkûкô
浭ֻҪҽԽ㣬־ܹɱ
˿üͷһĬȻ
ѩһʹŮ߼ĿֲǿߡȻĵλҲһСߡ
˿ȴϻ۹ˣȻʱӲ
ѩһն䣬ֱӽһɫˮĻն飬˳
忴棬֮һĨ˼֮ɫɪѾһʥˣô֮죿
忴ʱֻһ׳ߡ궼澹ȻѾ׳Ϊһʥߣһ߶ֱӱˣֽٶȣֱ˷˼
΢΢һЦҽʥ֮пһ꣬ͻƣʥߣȻ˵ĻһöʹࡣҽһöʹһõʹŮʣkֱӽףΪһʹ
ҲӹһĨĽ֮ɫˣ
ҲǶ֮ѵһţҲһǧʱŽʥߡֻǧʱŽ׳Ϊۡ
ʱ䣬Ѿʥߣٶȼֱ죬Խߡ
ʶԼµӦ֮ӡɴ֮
ʵ沢Ƕ֮ӣѸͣնɱ֮֮һ̫ʹ֮ѾĳΪ˶֮֮һ
ĿһۣҲһĨ֮ɫʥߣȻΪһʥߡ֮ӣʵ
ڻʥ߼ǰԪľ֮ǰûаսʥߡ澹Ȼɽʥߣһ㼶ʹػҲһ˿֮ġ
˰ֱ֮ӶǶʼ̫ѧԺһһִϴߴʥߵӵͳͳϴһ飬Ȼ󽫶ʼ̫ѧԺս̫ѧԺ
ս̫ѧԺΪܿ콫ǶУԴԴϵԴУÿʱÿ̶ڲϵǿ
ǻʼҴ󹬵һɫˮ֮ڣһ档
ɫƻһɫĹâֱڡ
Ȼ֮䣬Ȼ˫ۣһɫλֱų⿪
УһöˮֱӸ֣ųһ˿˿ؾӨĹâһϵͶӰֱӸ֡
һأڵɪһҪܹǿ֧㡣
ʲô񣿡
ϵҪǱ棬ƻһ
һЦǱ棬ʮ顣ǻȥɡ
ΨһͳΣڵkеǳǵkأҲŷkĹȡ
һǿߣ֮Уһǿ߽УҲᱻkɱ
ִơҾͷǡãã棬ߣҲδܹҵõҡɴٵʱ򡣡
ѩһʹ壬ִܣ֣Ҳҵ١
ϳĬһᣬһ̾Ȼˣôһε񣬾ʹա
浭ţһεҲԽܡҼȻð˴ķաͱҪ㹻ĺôҪ㱾Դҽ׵ߡȥ棬ʮ
ʥҪ׵ߣͬΪѡϾ硣ڶ֮УҪٽ׵ߣͱ㱾Դ㱾Դͬһ챦
ã
ϳ˺һᣬȻ߹ͨչϵ
Ӧ̫硣ҪԴ׵֮ҪΪ۷ǿߡ
̴澫
ϿЦһ£һᣬٴ߹ͨմӦҪ
֮󣬶ǻʼҴ󹬵ڣޱȵԴѻɽޱȵ⡣
ڿԽ׵ˣ
һ֮Դ֮ܳУ΢΢һһУһ㱾Դֱӷɳûڡ
ޱȵֱӸ֣֮н֯ǿꡣ
һֲޱȵϢȻ֮ӿ
Բʮ֮Уһһֲޱȵ籩Ŷϯ
ô£
ߣͻƣ׵ߣ
˭ѵǿ˽׵ˣ
Ϣɪ£
ɪôܣôꣿ

֮еʥһĿɿڴŶķȥֻһֲޱȵûǶǻʹ֮ڣһɿֲޱȵĵ


1500 Ǳ
ߣ׵ˣ
㶵ĿһֲһĨޱȵĹâ
ԴԶԶȲ硣֮УҪ׵߱Ѱٱֹ
ҲǶ֮֮еţȴѾڰ۷֮в֪˶ꡣʱ仹ͷھѾ׵ߣֲֿĽٶȣΪ֮ʡ
ߣȻ׵ˣ
άվһ԰֮У֮һֲޱȵĹ֮һĨ֮ɫ֪ϲǸñ
׵֮άΪŮūȻҲˮǴߣλͬҪҲңңڡ
ߣȻ׵ˣÿ죡̫ˣ
ûΪУ

ž黨Ԫǿ֮һֲޱȵĹǺ£ҡҪά͸浱Ůūڶž黨֮лвв˽Ҫ治ݡڿǵľȷ
ǹһۣ֮һĨϧ֮ɫߣϧСʱûץסᣬڿҸǲˣ
ߣȻ˳ͽ׵ˣ
̫ˣֱûƿ
֮ӣ

߶ۣ֮Խ꣬棬Ҳһ˿˿
ÿһǶ֮ӣ֮սеľš֮еĹkǵٶҲǴ˶һ¼
ɾˣͻƵ߱ϵʱҲʮ࣬ɱͬ콾̤콾ʬǲŲ۷塣
浹ֱҪߵ㱾Դһ죬ɹ׵ߡֽٶ߶Ϊ֮ʡ
ǿֲޱȵ籩һ꣬籩۹һȫ˴лȡ㱾Դֱӽ׳Ϊһ޵аĵߡ
籩ɢ֮һͶӰ΢΢һֱӳƬ֮С
ϵɪʥƹҪǱ顣
ͬã
ʥƹλڶ֮һޱȵǳʥ֮ϡ
ʥƹڣɼԶǿˣ㸡ͬһޱȵķ羰
һ˿˿΢΢һͳʥƹ֮ڣѩվߡ
£
ʥƹ֮еһ棬ӯӯһݡ
ʥƹڲһ֮С
һ޴ĹԲΣ߸ϯλ߸ϯλ֮ѾˣǶϡɭС¡ǡ
ߣȻ
濴һۣɫһϯλ֮ϣѩǾվߡ
ߵĿһ¼ѩŵϣӹһ˿Ľ֮ɫ߶ǿߣȴҲûһ㼶սĲ¡ϾжõԴѾkռʹãΪͻƣ׳Ϊ졣
浭λһΪǱ붼ƻĳôڿ˵˵ˡһжٱΣ֣һִܾС
һۣüͷ΢΢һ壬ЩӦԵkƽԵѩһۣһ˿ֱѹ¡
˸˾޴ĴۣƳһرǱ֮СֻҪܹݻ칳ǿԷģһ㣬ҵͬС
Цݻ칳Ҫȥ
칳淢湳ĵطֻҪ칳ݻ١п֮ܰս
칳ȻҪĵطȻҲ֮ءǱУƻ칳Ҳʮ
ôǱ棿
ѹĵھӡߣһʹػÿαװΪھӣǱ档
֮⣬ɻ֪ǵھӵݣ
ߵûУ
ãеĸ鱨ھӺʹҡǱ档
һĨʹ֮ɫҪھӺʹʲô
ֱ׳ҪھӣȻҪ鱨˶鱨׼ȷԣӦĸּ⡣ҪʹȻҵʹȫģʹ
ã㣡ɪ㲻ܹ񣬾ͱҲ
һĨâһ֣ˮײֱӷɳˮײ֮зֱӡˣǵھkߵʹ
ӹˮףһĨ֮ɫһǱرҡ
ǰʱȻ㡣
ҲΪ⣬ȻһЦ΢΢һΣֱӴԭʧ
һ֮ٴʥƹ
׼ˣ
һһ鱡߶ǰ㼶رߡ㽫ھӵľѪԼϢߣܹı仯Ϊھӵģ
һ߿һۣȻһЦָһһεھӵľѪԼϢûһ֮ڡ
һһߣһҫһ±仯Ϊ˵ھӵģ
׵ף
һŹֵͷԺ֮и֡
߰ɣ
һָһɫĹâҫûһ̳֮ڡ
һɫĹǼ̳֮ӿû֮У֮дһ޴ĶѨ
΢΢һΣֱûǸ޴ĶѨ֮ڡ
һֲޱȵĿռ˺֮ͼ˺ɷ顣ֲޱȣ׾ٵĵֵסǿռ˺֮
һâ΢΢һͳһ֮ϡ
滷ܣֻ֮ϣһޱȣߴ׵ļ̳
ſǿޱȵ磬ǿֱڱΡߵĿֱ֮ϣûܹҵ
֮Ҳаš
Χɨһֱۣӽϵֱ˺£һֱ֮ӱŵºͳͳɡ
㣡ܼǶ٣
ֱӸ֣˫֮иֳصӡѸٵļ㣬ʮܼ֮7
һĨ֮ɫȻ7ո汾ԴôҾܹͻƿ׳Ϊһǿߡ
αװααװ˳Ǹã
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ㣬һâ΢΢һ
ˮֱӸ֡
ˮֱӴ򿪣ò׵ĵھԼkػһʹֱӸ֡
ʲôˣ
ھһ˫ۣͿ棬üͷ΢΢һ壬Ÿ߸ϵİǳ


1501 λ
΢΢һЦھӴˣǿҽ˵оȻģ
ھӳһᣬ۸Ĺļ両֣΢΢ͷţˣȷʵˣʲôԸ˵ҶΪʵ֡
ھԼkߵһʹ㶯Լȫ۸һ顣
ʩչطӵھԼһʹֽܷ꣬š
һǿߣk󲿷ֵʱ䲻֡еȨɵkµľŸŮִơ
ھȨǾŴ֮Σˣ֮УҲ൱һĴڣκ˵Ը
ϣܹ׷ھӣΪЧ
ھӷЦ˵ĳ죺ãܲ׷ңҪһС
λ룬Ҳ֮ء
Ϸһž޴ޱȣǳһǳ
λǵ࣬಻
֮УΪʮƬʮƬֱԼŴӾסĵط
һˣԾϣҹ
һɱĿֲ֮𵴣ھӷ̤˵ھ֮ڡ
£
£

ǵھ֮УһòŮһھӣʱɫ䣬һ¹ڵϣսս
Ÿ磬ȻѾʧˣΪʲôҪ㲻ã̫𣿡
һ𷢱ۣĿ࣬ò׵һǵھ֮˳ЩʵĿ˵ھߵʹһۣ
ھĿɭЦԭʮܣһû㾹Ȼ͸ԾҵǺôĹô
ʮһЦŴ߾֮ǸµĹءŸ磬ھսھλá
ھɱһţսݾܾҲߵʹʮܣ㻹Ǵܺãǽһսھʹһ֤kĹӦšʮܣһսʧܣͻȷҪսң
Ÿ磬սѾܾˣɣ֮
ʮһĨâü֮һ֮ӡ֣֮Уҫγһ֮˺Ѳ񷣬ŵھնȥ
ʮܣҼȻǵھĵʵȻԶ㡣԰ȥˣ
ھɭһЦ⻷ƣγһףһ֮ڵkСkһӽ޾ֱţʥΰĿֲϢ
һֲĽһʣǵʮӾͱ׵նء
ʮɫ䣬Ÿ磬ס֣һֵܵķϣһΰɣ
ɣ
ھкâһֲâһ£һ˲佫ʮֱն飬ɢķ
úݣ
ϾŻˣ
̫ˣ
ʮǸǱƳȥ̽Ͼŵӡ޴

һֲޱȵһɨɢĮ
֧棬ڵk֮УӵŮkӵΪ֮ҲǳưһСͷιŮҲ
һ˵ԽǿԽһʿ֮еĵӵеĺ١ÿһǲ˼飬ֲޱȣȫתĿֲڣֻҪkԸ⣬ȫԵĺ
֮УӵŮʮˡ
ЩӡŮ֮ĹϵҲʮֵĮֻͬһĸףҴСһ𳤴ӡŮǹϵ΢׽
һλҵľˣӽҵĸҲǵھĴܹܣǶ𣿡
ھɨЩӲͬطɳڵϵǣһԵһָ
ǣ£
Щ˹Ĺµ
ھ֮пһۣһԼڲȥ
˳µǱΪ˵ھӵĴܹܡ
һĺϵ̨֮ͤУһ𷢱ۣĸޱȵӡӾǵӡ
⣺ϾžȻǿߵΧɱ֮ˣⲻܣЩ߶ǷôõkѣйŹ֡
ھӾǱӳűΧɱ
裡
ӵ
ڣ
һ˿˿ŤӰӸ֣һһɫĻ֮еһ¸֣ϥڵӵǰ
ȥȥ
ǣϣ
һŤֱʧӰ֮С
ΪھӵĴܹ֮󣬾һͷͼ֮У֮еͳͳռݿ֮ڡ
з֮󣬽Ҫ϶ݸܿͶ̵˽⡣
֮Уӵǳÿһǳ֮УֻܹΨһ񡣳֮⣬ǿսʹ
£һʮ㼶ʹ󲿷ֶһ켶սʹֲõkҷԶ֮ս
칳ͷ֮ڣңֱһֻԼ档ҽ칳ֻһԭǾǵ㣬Ҫǰ칳Ķǿߵһһ
ۺϸϣһ۾Ϳ칳Σԡ
Ƕˣ˵ðȥ칳ݻ١ϧϵkҴˡ
һЦ˿ûǰݻ칳˼
֮ıȻȫ֮ڡûһ˿ᣡǼ֣
֮һһۣһĨɵ֮ɫ
һͷҲֻ·һ
֮УҲȷʵӵһʹطһطѩȫһ·׳Ϊ켶ʹ
֮⣬Ҫǣ֮УȻʡ
һˮԹܣСȡһɫҺ壬ʿõһذָ֮ϡ
һɫҺһǰָ֮ϣ涼޿κεİֱָܽһ㡣
ǺɫҺָ֮ܽγһ̺޾صĽɫҺ塣
һ㣬һνɫҺһûڣǿꡣ
֮Ż˫ۣ֮ɫĶһСذָǣ֮ǿߵĺǣųԽ֮İֻʴˮܹܽγһµʣǿߵꡣֻҪһСָǣҾͿԽ죡


1502 
üͷ΢΢һ壺ʴˮ֮Ҳı֮һʴڵӵУҪʮѡ
ʴˮһ䣬ܹʴصİָ֮⣬;Ҳһмеı
ھӵҲ´󹦣Żʹͣʮʴˮֻһֱûõڡ
ʲôˣ
Ȼ΢΢һŹ֮УһӰȥɫһ
ңǵ֮һ裬ˣܸܹ㡣
һŤĺӰӰֳ֮߳Σ浭
ǵھʲô
΢΢һЦҼʮ㡣ԸͶҼϡҼϾͻͷΪʮ֮ҽʮʥʹ͸㡣ʮʥ֮ϣ˶
֮УͬӵǳǳأҪִ־
Ǹǳ֮Уɽ̻ͳΣǵ߼ǿҲΪΪͻᱻ̻ѹ
ҲֻоŴÿһ˲ŻٿϵʥΪأǷ֮УֻҪkǾܹΪΪ
ǿ˵ΪһʥǷأȻʥ֮кΪõѡ
Ͼ֮У֮⣬˸ûнʸ
ʷ֮УҲͼ֮սʱ㣬ֱɱûһ⡣
һصãҴӦ㡣Ϊ˱ҶԵӵģҪһ鱨ھǼٵģ
΢΢һ㶣κˣʲôھǼٵģ
ûȷʵȹĵھӡ߽٣ҽһˡ֮ǰۿھӱЩץߡٵĵھٴγ֮ΪٻӽųΪ˵ھӵĴܼҡ
Щ죬춼ڵıٵĵھڡӾң
Ӱۣһ㷲ѹ
һĨ˷֮ɫԭˣԭˣǱڵھӵߣʲô鱨һ㱨ӾԲģˣ
һӰ΢΢һԭʧ

ȻˣϾŵټΧɱǼ߶ϹսḻޱȣôϾѣ
ϾżȻǼٵġôǱǵΨһĿľֻһǾ칳ֻл칳һ˿ʤʱ䣬Ҳ쵽Ͼ칳ˣʱʱ
Ӵϻ۹ˣһһ¾Ͳµ˶ǵı㡣
ھǼٻҪ鱨¶֮󣬾ս֮вսһ㣬õӿࡣ
ʱת˲š
һͽƵĹ㳡֮ϣһߴǧףӡĸ
һصĸһԣ鲼ʹÿһʹӵпʥʿĿֲ
ھӹһ˴󲽽˵أǹ㳡ıԵͣ¡
ھӵ˸磬ˣ
һھӳ߷ƣòޱȣϢɲһĴӹ㳡֮˳
ڰһѵϾţˣôͽˣ
칳ҪӵѪѪܹ֮ٷ湳ںϡ
ǾŴ˵칳֮أڵѪ֮ᱻ͵kǵʵõkʮܡ
Ȼ칳֮һεӽǧ֮ڣԾܾӵսĻָʵҲЩǵĽ

һȻں
ԼòھмƵӴӺ˹
ǾŴ֮еǶ
ھüͷ΢΢һ壬磬ʲô˼
һЦ磬ҿɲ磬ðƻ
ھɫһðƻڷʲô裿
Ŀһλ硢ܵܣѾǾŵܡǶðƻһǱΪƻ칳
һһĿⶼڵھӵϡ
ŵ߼ĿֲϢһ±˵ھӡ
ھɫһ㾹Ȼңʲô֤ݿ֤ðƻ
һЦðƻɸǰ֮һ⣿
֮ǿߵı߼ıҲ֮ŵ⡣
ھһĨɭޱȵɱɭޱȣһһȻңȻҡôҴ֮аȻع飬ͱҪҵսһսˣǾȥ
ػ칳֮һǧ֮ԾܾӵսڵھͬｫӱƵ˽䡣
ھһ񣬺㲻ӦҡôԼȥ칳Ϊ˱ӣҿԶ칳벽֮ҿɲȥǶҵ衣ƾʲôʲôҾʲôʲô
һӵȻһЦûƾʲô˵ʲôǾʲôϾŲǶðƻôһսɣ
ڶҲ΢΢һЦ칳ĺģȷʵʧôСĶΪǾŴӵҲơǲӦϾŵҪǾԼȥ칳ɡǶ㡣
Ŵ֧֮меȨ໥֮䶷Ҳʮּҡ
ֶξˣ̫죬Ѿӵľ裬뾡취ѹ
һĨ֮ɫһᣬﻢҧãҴӦ㣡ܹ֮ŵ֮лŻҾʹӦս
ھãǾλļ֤֮£ȥ֮š
֮λһȸߴףӡǶƵĴš
һâҫŵӰֱӸ֮ǰǾŴӡ
ھŵ΢΢һЦû˿ԥ֮ȥһ֮ڡ
һֲޱȵγһۣ֮һ˿˿㼶Ŀֲѹŵھֱӿȥ
޾һڵھӵ֮Уkͷɨһ飬ҲûзŹ
ʮ֮޾ֱɢȥھӴ֮֮д߳һϷʵĿŵӵ磬ĳŵˣ
ĿɿڴҧгݵôܣôӦǱѹˣ֤ˣô


1503 
ھһЦ磬ͷβҵˣ
΢΢һ㶣һĨâҧгݵԭˣһȦף㾹ȻȦҡ
ھһЦһĨɭޱȵɱ磬ǸȥǶһսˡʤ߽ʧߵһС
һĿ˸ϾţһΣҰˡ䣬ҪʲôҶԸ㡣
վŴӶǱһһ䣬ֻҪ⳥һԴ˾ȲܹϾɱ
ھӵãҪһٿʥǸҡʴ硢۹硭硣һٿʥǸøңҾͿԵûз
ɫһʴ硢۹硢ʥǲܹ㣡ǿҵĸ֮ء
ʥ֮Ҳи֮֡ʴ硢۹硢ʥǶܹޱȵԴǵӵĸ֮أkȻøˡ
ھӺʴ硢۹硢ʥǱһøҡҵĵߣȻǾͿս
ԥ˺һᣬһ̾ʴɣ
ʴȻʴˮ䡣ǲ̫٣ҵҲûаָ챦ʴʥǲ༫
ھӵã֮⣬㻹Ҫʥǡ
ҧгݵã
λ硢ܵܣȷʵļ߷Ƕ˸ҵرŽѡ˵칳ϵĴƣʧ
ҾһɣҲԲýӽ칳飬칳λ硢ܵʲôھ΢΢һЦ
һ΢΢һЦΪϾȷʵ칳ذɣ
Ц磬Ϊ˵û
ߴӶͬ˵ھӵĻ
ҧã
֮󣬵Ӿֱӽ칳֮ڡ
ھӵõһٿʥֳַ֮ʮʥߴӣߴӶҲʮ⡣
ʴʴһ֮ڡ
һҫͳǶ֮С
ʴˮĵ֮ءһֻᵮһΣ
ǸϷȥֻǶߵϷһɫʯһޱȵʴˮ
ֻҪ߳Լ֣֮֮Уk޵еĴڡûκλᣬʵʵȴʴˮĵãǰˣǾkǵù
濴һɫʯһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʧ
ͬʴˮ䵮֮ӵ֮ҲҶطӡһƻô֮ؾͻʧܹҲֻڴ˵ء
ʱţһʮת˲š
ʿ֮λ档
һֲޱȵϢһ˷涼һ֮УӴޱȵŲ֮λۣγһֲޱȵһͶעɻʳ롣
ǳâҫǸ֣䣬Ҳûɻʳ롣
񱩵ķ֮ȵĻ֮ˮ֮ʵֱ֮Ӹ֣һûɻʳ֮С
ˣ
ΰֽ֮ˣ
ÿֲ󣡣ÿֲϢ
ÿ£֮棡
֮˾Ĵڣ

ʿ棬ǿ߿ǿֲޱȵ籩һĨâ
ĸǿֲޱȵ籩Ŀɿڴ֮Ų֮ɫˣ죡kôȻ죡ô̵ʱ֮ھȻ죬Ҳδ̫ˣ
ͬĸͻϹЩҲЩ顣kʮǿжôĿֲ
ʿ֮ǿҲûн죬澹ȻԽ죬ֲֿޱȵ֮УҲԳưһ
ǿߣֻҪʮʥƣߵĵطȫԳΪһ
ǿ߾Щλ֮УҲԳΪλʮʥ֮УҲһ
ӵͷصǿһҲһǿߡ
ǿֲޱȵʮʱ䣬·ȡһա
ʮ֮䣬ʿʥǿߵͣ״̬
ʮһֲޱȵɢȥ
֮ڣ˫ۣһɺޱߵĿֲϢ֮л
̫ǿˣо֮ǰʮ֣ҲҵĶ֡û뵽ҾȻʱͻƣ׳Ϊ졣
ǿֲޱȵ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮ʵҲ˷츲صı仯ͷ㲻УҲȫˡ֮ǰһͷǾǾһľ档
һذָǣͻ˶ĺôЩȫֻҾͿֱӽ׳ΪһͷıֻӦؼʱʹáֻ֮ĻֻۣҪܹ汾ԴոһͿԽ죡
Ϊʿ֮󣬾ͿʼѰǰָı֮һֻƵİǡ
ڹȥһֱ޷ǰǣڲ֪ǰжô˵ԼµǰҲ֮ҪõıȻõ
ʱţٴιȥ
֮Уǿ߱ʩı໥ɱ
ΨһѹӸոðͷͱkֱѹһֻûе̫ɫ
Ƕ֮ȴűһһҫޱȵľֱӸ֣Ծս֮ϣһһ߲ϵѹ¡
Ǿֲս֮ϣЩ֮ӳ֣ѹǿߡ
Ϊֻƾǿ붼ǿɱ
붼֮Ĳʵ̫޴ֻҪȴ򣬾ܹȷʵĽɡ
רѡɣ֪Լоųϵʤ㡣
档
һâ΢΢һ滯ɪֱӳ֮У΢΢һЦһ¸֣һɺޱߵĿֲϢֱ
Բ꣬޾߻۶γһֲޱȵ籩
˽㣡
˭
Ȼ˽㣬漣¶ħǹ޶
㣬һʱ֮еһǿߣ˭

Ƕ֮Уǿ߶һĿⶼ߻۶


1504 նɱ
ɪ
Ǹ쵰Ȼһ
ƭǵ㱾ԴȻһǵ죡

ⶼ֮У˽ߣkǵĿһ±Ͷע˴˵أг˸֮ɫ
쵰ƭҵıȻִҪɱ
âһţһ·
һԻһУգѹصĿֲ滯ɪֱӺȥҪͳͳն
滯ɪڽ㣬ֵܵǱɱһ
ʱѩֱӸֳ֣ʹ֮һֱն䣬ֲޱȵʹ֮׹ᴩ񷣬һͽһֲޱȵĻֱն顣
죡
һʹսô֮죿
ôܣŶ̶̼ʱ䣬ߵʹô֮죿

߼һĻжһĨ֮ɫ
ʱЩ˵Ҳգ۾ʱ䡣Ƕ̶̼ʱ棬ѩžȻ죬ֱ졣
Ҫ֪Ϊ˽죬ÿһĵʱ䶼㣬˹ĶǡЭıѡᡣ
ѩڶ̶̼ʱͽ죬ֽٶԶԶߵԤϡ
ҲǻڳʹӵеĶزԴԼ֮ѹεĸϡԴܹѩڼʱ֮ڽ졣
һĨɭޱȵɱλ֣ɱɪƭӣƭ˵㱾Դ
ⶼ֮Уܡڹľ룬ҲɵĽ̸
ǵߵĻƭҵȣȷʵѾ㣬ҵͬСֻҪԸ⸶㹻Ĵۣ¿Խҹᡣ
ǵĮûȻѾ㣬ҵͬСͬ顣
ͬ⣡

༸ҲԸ֡
Ѿȫ·磬ɱնɱߡôkǶʤ㡣
֮սжԱų֣Ƕ֮еǱҲǶѪĽѵ
Ϊ̫ǿ󣬶ҵkѡĶ̫С˫Ĳֲ̫kܹ޼ɵĲ֮ӡ
ĿһֻܹĬһҲûսʤѩŵİա
ֲޱȵҹһɪڶ㡣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڽˡһڶ֮ҲӵͬȵȨޣϧһԻҵ֮
֮⣬֮УκһԼı֮УӵпֲޱȵȨޣսΪˣ߲Ż˿ֲԼ֮м޵״̬
һ߷Ҳǽܹγһαӡǣƭ棬㡣
һεĿռ֮С
ڵϣؿڶһ󶴣ؿڵĴ֮Уѿ䶯ͼϣһɫϢ谭ǺɫĶϡ
صĶѨ֮УˣάΡɪ壬Լս̫ѧԺ֮еľӢ
ʱάε˶һǵĿſ壬ڿΨһػ
Ǹ˵ȻԴС֣ĸɪǸС˵Ҳǻ쵰ûͷûβľôһ֮ĵӦǵ˰˱ӵѪùˣŻһС˵Ϊͽ
һ߿Ѫһ֣Ƹ֣ǺɫϢ⡣
ս̫ѧԺĵһ֣ڶ֮УҲǺֱײ˸ǵħŮһֻ۸ˣû˸۸Ϊͽ֮󣬾ͱʼ̫ѧԺԺѹ
Ϊ֮󣬿Ҳһκӡϧûƻ칳Ϣһض֮ĺӾ͵ͷһ߲׷ɱһУӵرͱɱˡ
Ȼ֮䣬һεĿռ΢΢һһֻ׵ľһ´οռ֮Уһ˺ֱӽεĿռ˺顣
ã
ɫ䣬΢΢һΣâҫǿռ֮еֱӴǿռ֮롣
壬޴һߵĻҪ׷㣬ҲЩѡǣֻ·һ־ܰɣһһ·ֻ·һ
һ˿˿ҫ֮УƻƣϢȼǰӵĿֲĶſ塣
֮һĨԹ֮ɫ£֮ԩ޳ΪʲôҪ׷ɱǼꣿ
ΪʲôҪ־͹һͽܡȻҵʹ࣬ƻҽΨһϣҪйصһУͳͳҪ
һĨ֮ɫ
ʹ࣬Ϊı֮һʹ࣬ټطƳһ㼶սĿܣԼĵλ
ʹ౻֮󣬰ֻܹĿʹ̺ô׾ٵĽ׵ߣѹüѪ
ŶйصһͳͳҪ˭ôĵӣ
һȻڰһ֮߳߸һ徵ĳʹѩš
ɪ㾹ȻˣȻˣҾ͸һӣ飬Ϊֹ
һתͷɫȻ䣬ɵĿߵѩһۣ΢΢һһ֮зȥ
ΪֹɱҵˣȻ밲Ȼ뿪ô˵顣ȥɣ
һЦָһţһ̺֮ĿֲִŰֱץȥ
㣡㾹Ȼ㣡ôܣô
һӦһ߼ĿֲϢʱɫ䣬г˾һɫսֱ֮Ӹ֣Ȼ֣ͼֵһצ
һֻ̺֮Ĵһץϵķͬһ㲻ϱ飬ɫսҲһ˲֧顣
ɪסְɣϾµس֮һ㲻ܹɱ
һ֮֮зһֻ֮ϣĴֱӺ飬֮Ʈϳϵ
л£л¾һ
ϵľֱȥ˿ϲĴеһƵĿһۣгԹ֮ɫ
浭֣ɱ
ǣϣ
ѩȻһЦתٶȰ壬һģȻָ
һѪڰü֮и֣졣

һһΪ𣬱һʬ塣


1505 
ɪҪΪ𣿡
һ֮΢΢һǰγϵͶӰһĶ档
ڶ֮Уκǿһ㣬֮ǰһƺšϡ˹ˡ
ϱ£һߣȻҵˣѵʲôʱһҲʸðߵˣ
ʮʥ繷ĵط⣬߾ϵĴڣҲܹðkǵϡ
üͷ΢΢һ°ȷʵдɵkϾĵߡ֮սʱһߣ漫Ϊ
һߣǾһ߲ˣ
浭ȻһЦһָһƿޱȵħҩֱӷɳſһ
ޱȵħҩһڿϣ׾ٵĽϵ˿ͳͳһ˲ָ
ʦ׵߰ɣ
ָһһƶɵħҺһϸߣֱû˿ĿС
С
ոһſڣоһɺޱߣ޾֮
Բʮһһֲޱȵһû˿ڣϢڽһͻƣ׳Ϊߡ
һĨ֮ɫɪ˲ٵĺô
屾ʹڰֻ֮һܹ׵ߡɾˣûħҩİһӶ޷ͻƣ׵ߡ
ֿ԰˽׵ߵħҩ˵ҲǼΪħҩ񶪴ײһ壬϶Щʡ
浭һЦ󷽷ȻЩǻ˲ٵĺôȻҲûа취һعͽ㡣
п칬һЩ꣬һֱ㡣
һ仰֮ͶӰֱӱâʧ
浭ȻһЦĿ˿ϡ
ɲϢһ֮󣬱ֱԶȥҿ
һʧ֮󣬿Ż˫ۣʱøӳ
ǵߵ
֮һ̾ĿһϣһĨ֮ɫɪС˵ˡ׵ߵķϣͲƽˡͽܣյֵ
άο棬֮ŸޱȵĹâ֪ϲǱ㣬Ȼˣôô
ս̫ѧԺҴ֮У˿棬жһĨ֮ɫ
һߣǾѹ޵еĿֲڣһ˾Ϳ֧һƬ
һƬ֮пȥȻһЦʦǾͽˡ룬ҲҪսˣ
ڶ֮УȻ涼΢΢һĤڱ顣
һƬ޾ǿȻ˶֮С
桢ڽ֮սս׶Ρ
һֻһֻʹţʹͳ˧֮£ͬˮһŶ֮ӿ
ʼˣ
ôô죿
ӦûǧŶԣ
칳һȼ˵kӵѪ칳

Ƕ֮У˾ŭޱȣһ¾Ͳµࡣ
֮սǧŻս׶ΣĺޱȣһٽԼõ֮Ѫͳͳȼգ칳֡
Щս֮УҲɳʹǿöǿɱѪ֮ĵ̡
ֶ֮£ʩչֶΣ֮кһ˲ͽ֮սս׶Ρ
һս֮ҲԪˣĻҲľųϣֻҪܹ̲棬һеĶʮֲ֮
棬֮ڣһҳޱߣɫֱ֮ӷɳ
һ֮ϣӵʮǧŰʮ߼ĳʹԼʮһĳʹĳʹһĳʹ
֮۵룬һ𷢱ۣһɫۣòͨȴϵӡΨһ񡪡
֮ۺ󷽣ֻӣЩ֮ȫʹ
֮еǻ󣬵kǵ궼ᱻΨһתΪʹ
֮УΨһ֮ھסʹ㡣ǳʹ֮жֻǱȽϸ߼ڻҡ
һֻ·һе֮ţֱڵ칬ȥ
ڶ֮Уϵʵ
ãλ淢˾սλǰ칬У
һ۾ͿĶɫ䣬һֱԮ
µȸ߶ʼǲԼһ֮еǿսͨͷ칬ķȥ
Ŀ˸â΢΢һһ˺գʧ
һСʱ֮ͳھ֮⣬һ㣬ʮֻˮǹֱӸ֣ĴֱӺȥ
Ĺͬһ㣬֮֮£ԽգĴ֮С
һһҵĳʹսֱӺ飬ʥ߼ĳʹǹ֮б
ûҶ湥ǿˣ
칬֮е߼һĻ۾΢΢һ
صĹâҫһ˿˿֮ŴִڹܵҪֱӸ֡
âҫҪ֮Ĺ˺Ѳ񷣬Խ޾ľ룬֮ŵ֮С
һһҵʹųսֱӺƬʹ䡣
һ֮⣬սһſһǿޱȵķ磬ڶǿߵĹ֮У״ݻ٣촷ۡ
񾲾֮ϣĿĮԼĲ±ɱޱ顣
ĿһۣĿ΢΢һúݵˣЩʹkںɱٶ࣬kҲһüͷ
֮սʤվߣЩʹֻĶڻҡ
һ˼ЩʹӾɳöǿɱڻҡֻҪܹĶߵһ˿˵Ǵ׬׬
ǶҲɵϣһ¾ͿеİԽգشߵڻһ֮ۺȥ
˿ȫǴ
֮֮ϣ񵭵һЦֳȨǰһָ
һΨһͶӰֱӸ֣޾ӿγһֲޱȵ硣
Ҫڻ֮ϣֱŤƫƵһߡ
˵й⣡
һת滯ɪһۣеȨһָ
һɲ֮䣬ߵķһ䣬޾ԾһСɱһе֮һ±С


1506 ս
ס֣
淢һޱȵĲҽ֮֮һ¸ֲֳ˿ڣϢһ±΢ޱȣһʧߡ
ôߣһСϣ֮ӣûгɳ֮ǰϣʲô˼ֻҪѳɣԵ֮£ıá
ʧķһۣиֳӡ֮󣬾ڰ֮ϣûǰȥ׷ɱ档
ֻҪɱ֮ֻҪɳʹܹɨһС
һ֮Ťһڻ֮󣬺Ȼֳӡһ³ǧٶԳ
ǧٶԳ΢΢һȣȼգһƬ֮磬һ֮ϡ
һ֮۹âҫٶȻһޱȵİ׹⣬칬ķȥ
Щ㼶Ҫһʧȥ˹Ŀ꣬ڻʹ֮Уһʹսķѡ
ЩʹսҲϵĹܣȴ㲻Խڹڻһһݻ١
ݻʮʹս֮㼶Ҫֹͣڻ
ֿԽڹɱʥ߼ǿߵڻҲҪĺʧ֮ڻЩʹս塣
ΪÿһҶӵһʥʹսߴʮҡҪڹ֮⣬ʮսͳͳݻ٣ҪҲľ
ʮʥ߼ĳʹһ֮սĿֲڻҾšȫ⣬kҲգһ۾
Ƕ֮УͬһֲֻֻޱȵĴһŵߵĴ֮£ǰǰߣǼɱ֮ʹɱ
ǿǰ֮ɱ䡣
֮Уһһǳ䣬鶼ʹɱһգһ
Ҫһɾޱȵ棬ӵеkѪǻ֮⣬ǻм߼ֵޡˣͳͳᱻkʹɱ
ǵ߼ĳʹһգս֮ϣʹÿʱÿ̶ʹ䣬һһʥ߼ĳʹڶĵС
ǲӦýȫ
칬֮ڣָˮĻ֮Уս֮ɱ޵еļߣ
һkǴս֮гôսͻֱӱ
еҵkҲǵӣδԸǵϾkǵĲ¡ˡѡ˶Ƭս֮ϡ
ս֮ɱĵ߶Ƕ֮ӣʵޱȣӵнǱʣͬһҲѱԸߵ
ɭһĨģϧʱ䲻Ȼٶ߰ߣһҲδزһս
жһĨ֮ɫ
һоߣ֮ҲߡҲɵ֡
ǾŴɱ䣬Ҳ˴ˡǴʱ򣬾ͱ֡
񲻵ʵֲޱȣºϣеĵ˵Ϊ˻ȡǧʱ⡣˶ǿһֲõkг
֮
һɫĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬һҰɫ֮һ³칬֮ǰ
Ψһ񣡣ţԸ⳼ңҾתʽΪҵĻʹôҾͿһ˻ȥ
֮֮ϣ޾䣬ķ֮Ϸϵ
»ֻһܹȥأ
Ŀ亮Ȼֻ·һΪҽ׵
նɱһߣߵӡǽ飬㲻ͨɰҲ
µ߽Լӡ˶֮Уkǵӡ̺֮ŵԼ֮ԶԶЩߡ
ڵk֮ĹϵֵֶΣΪǻϵ𣿡
Įûȷʵ֮Ĺϵ˵Ҳʵ׿¡k˵
ǣϣ
һĳʹֱӷɳ֮С
׿¡׹֮һҳ֮ɱ׹ߣͻϵʹͣתΪʹ㲻𡣡
һĳʹ˫֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡһޱȵĲǳչָ߲鿴
׹ǲҵһĻһһ֣׿¡ߡڵkİ֮£׵Ľѹ֮£ɱΪһĳʹ
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߼һĻж𺳡
֮սһѱ棬ӡǶ飬㲻һҲиߵĳɾ͡׿¡ȴڱѱ֮֮ٴνףֱ졣
λҪkĻԻˣkȻȰȻûбʤİա֣δûʤ㣡
һĨâ
칬֮УִޱȵڹֱӸ֣һ˺Ŀֲͬһ֮ۺȥ
һȦһȦޱȵƴ칬֮Ƭ֮УƬյĹȥڡδͳͳסһ֮޷ڹȥڡδ
ڤ粻飡Ǽʶһ£Ψһ
˵֮ìض֣һа񣡣
һЦ˫ҫһָ
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һʥ鸡֣ڵϡ
֮ͣìض֣һа񣡡
һʥ鸡֣ڵϡ
޾ʥֱӸ֣дʣϡ
ڵǻһ¸󣬲ϡ
һ֮һγһ޼᲻ݡ֮ì
һ֮ì˺Ѳ񷣬޾һ칬ķ֮ϡ
¡
칬Եߵķһ˲ֱӱ顣
칬֮ҪֱӷɳſǿޱȵĽ磬ͼֵ֮ìĹ
֮ìһ´Ҫ֮ϣһһҪֱնѿ飬촷ۣ·ɢ

Ҫ

칬֮һ·ɳǿߣǿ߸ոշɳͱ֮ì֣ͳͳɻҽ
ǿޱȵϢһ˲ʹ칬֮зɳ
һ̣֮ìһ칬֮ϣ޾Ĺâ˲䱬칬һñ飬飬֮зɢȥ


1507 նɱ
ôôֲ
죡ǿߵ
̫ǿˣֱ˾

Ƕǿ칬֮룬칬һĻӿһ˿˿;֮ɫ
칬֮лߵǰȻһöǶʶǿߵĿֲ֮
λkŹǵģkΨһɵǵĵطȼӡǣȫһϵkûһ˿ǸkͬھΪǵȡһ˿ɣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ׹⣬һӡֱӸ֣ȼա
һɲ֮䣬Ͼͻһֲޱȵĳɫ⣬ᴩ񷣬ڵλֱӺȥ
֮ȣ
һֱʮ侲·ﶼ޷õkĵɫ䣬ĬʩչԼǿķ
޾ȼգһӵʹӰֱӸ֣γһֲޱȵ֮硣
ȼӡγɵĳɫâһ֮֮ϣһ˲ͽ֮ᴩȥ
ػ
ҫ

һ߼ĳʹȻɳֳʹ֮ܣһɫĹâȥ
߼ĳʹһ˲ͱǳɫĹâᴩ屻ֱӺ䴩
ҫ
ʮһĳʹһĨ⣬ȼһУһɫݺݵײһɫĺ֮ϡ
ʮһĳʹȼһеĹ֮£һɫĺҲࡣ
飡
Ӷݺһն䣬Ԧ޾⣬նǳɫĺ֮ϣǳɫĺһն顣
ͬھɣ
´ЦһֱȼӡǣһɫĹâֱӷȥ
֮⣬ļ߶ȼӡǣһɫĹâֱȥ
Ǽ߶ʮճսʽkÿ˶סһСΨȼӡǣһ˿
ҫ֮
ɫ䣬һһΨһͶӰֱӸ֣֮ʥ顢ֱӸ֣ȼձԴ
һ˲䣬֮ڣʥ顢ʹ߶ֱȼձԴȫ䣬ͨڤڤĹ򣬽ڴ˵أûͶӰ֮С
һɢ޾⣬·ܹһУһеĿֱֲӷɳĵâݺһն
ƬնֱնѿݺݵնһɫĹâ֮ϡ
һȼӡǻĳɫһ˲ͱǿֲĳն顣
ɫĹâһͶӰ֮УᴩͶӰᴩĻ磬һº֮ϣֲޱȵĴ󶴡
üͷ΢΢һ壬ڿһενɫѪգ޾ڵkϣһɲǣkϵ˿ڱʧ
ɫ΢΢һҧΰϣԸ⳼תΪػʹ
ǿȼӡǷľһȻֻһСˣʵǶΪ֮ѡ˳
ȻˣȥˣսǲܹϢ
һ˿˿ҫһֻʮֹһ´̴ǵţֲޱȵ֮ӿӲĽһöӡǴǵ˳
һĨʣ˺ѷεغɶѾˣΪʲôҪɱң
ΪҲϲˣҲԳΪҽ
浭һЦһֱӽǵӡֱ󱬣һֲޱȵɺڶֱӸֱ֣˽ȥŵkһС
棬һĨɵ֮ɫɪ㲻Ƕߣ㵽ʲôˣ
֮棡񣬳μ棡ȥ
浭һЦӡҫסֱӸȫֱһԽʱǰӽֱնȥ
죡ôǱ治kǷ֣
ɫ䣬Ԧһնȥ
¡
˫ǿֱӱɳ֮⣬ɫѪ
ȻȥѾûκ˿ڣ֮ȴûʧֻҪkıԴܹ֮һ֮ڻָƣҸһһ֣õkϼˡ
ػ
ҫ

ĳʹȻɳ湥ȥ
ÿһʹӵʥϵĿֲڼƣҲᱻkǻˡ
һȺϣͳͳȥ
һǹҫǼ֮߳Ԧ޾ǹ⣬Ǽ㼶ĳʹɱȥ
ʥսֱӸ֣Щʹɱһ
֮Уը֮ϣɱ֮շ飬ǳ
񲻶ϵٻͶӰȴȻɱû˺ۣѪ񷡣
֮棬꣡ʱָʱԸ㹫ƽһսܹʤңô㡣㲻ӦңôǾͬھɣ
˺ۣһĨ֮ɫе
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ͬھѾûͬھʸˣ
һֲԤӿС
ΨһϷֱӸֱ֣ߴİ˼ֱӸ֡
һںƼľֱӸ֣ĳȡ汾Դ֮
һȦȦεɫâҫһֲޱȵɫǾڿ֮и֣˺Ѳ񷣬һ֮ڡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уֱӱɫֱӹᴩһı顣

һһѪһ翪ѣһĨ֮ɫ
Ψһ˵kǵǵkǵӡǼ֮أҲζΨһ䡣
˫֮иֳصӡſһ
һĴԭĹ켣֮룬Сһ±ֱС
һԲӡü֮и֣һ
񣬱֮ڣҲûκΰ취ȻˣζţעҪ
һЦһն䣬ݺݵն֮ϣһնء
һɺڶֱӸ֣նֱ֮ɣɰӿ֮



ЩʹһĻһѣ湥Ǽ׵ɱ
֮֮ĵֱըѿʦȫʧȥͨˡ
һѪһſǳ֮и֣ǻ鶼ӿһˡ


1508 һͳ
ˣ
ģ
ô

һ˲䣬֮еʹ߼ĳʹһһҽֱ֮䡣kǶ˽ƣһ䣬kҲ䡣
׷ˣ
׷

֮УĿͽһޱȵĲҽ֮󣬷׷ɱ
Ļеųûɱ档
ʧȥ˵ػĻеǰдĳʹŸһĻе׵Ļ
֮еĵ߿ǺȻֵĻе֪ʼѡˡ
ʮһˣͼ濹⡣
Ƕ˸ոճͱǼֱӽ٣ͳͳɱ
նɱĵߡɱһ³Ϊ֮Уǿ߷׷վͳΡ
һֻһֻеűֱɳɱķߡ
塢鱻Ļе𣬳ΪںϽ׵
ʮ֮󲿷ǻǳѾεգֻһЩʵСʥǴԼ˶㵽һЩŵǳ֮УӲд׷ɱ
Կʼˣոɣ
վһƬ֮У΢΢һ¶һЦ
ǣϣ
֮һĨ⣬ӡ֣һԲֱӸ֣Ǹ汾Դ
һɺޱߵĿֲ汾Դֱ֮ա
Ǹһɿֲޱȵų֮ͼֱӴ֮ųȥ
һ˿˿ޱȵ֮и֣ǿǿߵų֮ȴǶá
ʮʱת˲ţӲĳȡ汾Դʮʱ䡣
ںֻ֮Ҫʮʱ䣬пܽ׳Ϊ8档Ǳȡ汾Դʮ֮ոս֮ս治ûʢȴֻά7ҵĳ̶ȡ
һɺޱߵΰ˫֮и֣һûڡ
һĨ˷֮ɫǿҽ죡
ٽҲк󻼣ܹȸ
΢΢һӹһöָ֮󣬷ǰָǵؽṹ
ǰָǾ֮֮ϵĿֲǿߣתΪkĽṹܹǶ۷塣
һĨȻ֮ɫ֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡŴ㴫һǿޱȵṹһǰָڵķת
ṹոһ䣬֮е򱶲ֹ˷·仯ΪһһеĺڶΧһ
Уҵʵ㣬̲ǿһתΪֽṹֻ·һ
ӿһ˿ʮֹϵֹͣȫǰָתĴ㣬ڴԲֿʼת
һ8汾ԴԴԴϵûĴ֮У֮תΪһޱȵĽṹ
ʱת˲š
һޱȣ̺ĺɫӡһü֮и֣˫ۡ
ҵľ绹ͣ۷壬ҵսѾٱֹֽṹ֮ϵĿֲڡϧֽṹҪͣҪĵҲֲ̫ˣ
һĨ⣬΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ֿһֻۣһö̺ؽṹӡ֮и֡
ޱȰָǽṹԼһɰγɵӡֲޱߣһöޱȵӡͷҲ֮һս
һĨ֮ɫڵʵѾʮʥ֮㡣ǰʮʥˣ
ʮʥǴ֮࣬ƿء
ʮʥ֮Уǿǵߣ㲻繷Щڸ涼ǰһǿߣʮʥ֮УҲֻǾսū͡
ʮʥ߲֮Ǹ֣߲ǿߣǿ߲Ǿͷʮʥĸ߲㡣
Ǹ߸ϣ޵УԺ֮ʮʥˣҲ֮Ϊǿ޵еĿֲڡ
ʮʥ֮Уֻ̫ʥ졢ʥ졢漫ʥʥΪ̫ʥ졢ʥҵǿ̫࣬ǰ漫ʥΪ
ʮʥ֮У֮⣬й֡ħֲֵ֡֡ͬǿߡ
־ˡࡢʹ̬ΪҲ̬Ϊ塣
ʮʥ֮Уǿޱȵ壬һгϡŹֵĴڣЩҲ
ĻȽȻ֮ͬ£ǰʥ죬ͱαװͬʱԤ鷳
漫ʥ졣
漫ʥ죡
һ˿˿΢΢һͳ漫ʥһǰǳпȥһĨâ
ֻǳеϷһޱȵԲһ˿˿ޱȵĲҫԲǧԴֱǣעǳ֮ڡ
ǳ棬һ¥ðεضһһڲͬĸ߶ȸ֡
һĹ֮ϣֱ𼲳һг
ɳڲͬĹ֮мۡ
˧磬ҪҪһ𶵸磿
һɫɳһͣߣһźɫ¶Ƥ£¶Ƭѩ磬һͷɫ˰㳤һīȥʮֽԼʮŮͣߣڨ
澭ν֮òȻûжĸı䣬ȴɢһɳʣҲо޴
涯ط㾲վԭأȻȻҲ׵ʥµߵԻĸԸΪȥǿߵĿֲ֮һ
ȻѾеȻԵӢʳ
ã
濴Ů·𿴵˵֮ЩഺõŮԼյʱһ˿䣬΢΢һЦֱӵһɳ
Ժժħ¶һޱȵݣһЦҽԺģأ
΢΢һЦҽ棡
ԺȻһЦ磬Ҫμɳȱ顣ҵĴòã
Цã
һֱޣ׷Ѱ۷֮·Ѿ֪ûֹͣԼĽŲͣΧķ羰ڽ۷֮ʵʮʥ֮УǼͷ֣֮Գ֣ûмܹɱ
һɳܿͣһɽɽۡ
һɽɽۣͣʮɳͬʱɳԱߣ洦ɼһԶԿŮ·ɶһ㣬ſ񻶡


1509 
һͷƤ𪣬òӢӹһƵģ˭
Ժһܹ⣬Ҹûô죡Ҫ˵
СҾ㡣ܹӽġǣһ׼ˣҹ
ܹɫһĿһĶ棬һֵһԲһɹޱȵĲֱӴݵԺ֮С
ȤһˣȻÿƼһʮʥ֮һ
濴ֵܹԲһۣһĨȤ
ܹʿѧͽǣֻһʳԽʿͨࡣеԲȴܹʩչֳҲЩȤ
ԺģѡĴһζҪˣҪ5300õ㡣ǼľӪã5300ǿɾͽǼҵֽˡ
һһòӢʲӻӵޱȵŮ
һĿͶ䵽طϷʺڴ
ԺһĨ⣬ñǰǸһͷ˶ԼѾﻢ¡ڣͲҪȦȥľֵļ̫ӵҲŹ
Ժһ⣬ѡĵ㻹ôɣҪңǿҪǧõ㡣ڷڻü
Ķע࣬ԺľǱһӦ˶ľ֡
һĨа⣬ɭһЦˣʮ֮ò㹻õ㡣ôҵŮūˡʱһ֪һŮūô˵
ϼ
Ժ֮һĨ֮ɫһķȥ
һҫޱȵŮһڣһС;ư֮Уһķ֣ӣԵЩªӡӵߣʮʲʮŮ
һһһڵϲ̫ӣֻһɫŮūԺСѾͷɲ򵥣ѧԺУ˵ֻһܹ볬ѧԺѧϰҲֻ̫ʸŮ
ķֵӾСȦ֮бһˣԺ̫ӣһ竡
̫ɭһЦԺǸСѾͷ̫ӿĸ֡ȻҾܾ̫ӣǲʮ֮һҪúһ¡
̫ӵԺߵǸСҿ˳ۡȥһ£ûʲôŪ
һŰɫTĿĹͷӵһЦã
ЩȨУŪһûбˣֱ׾ٵ顣
һϣҲҪŪң
һĨŹ֮ɫȻһЦԺĵԺģҿ԰Ӯⳡ
ԺŴԣÿüͷ΢΢棬һɡ
浭ĳѾ˶ֽšҪϵͳԼȥһ¡
Ժ΢΢ɫ䣬һ´ӳ£ϸļ
⿴ڼ鳵ԺһһЦ𣿿ϧ̫ˣ
ڽ죬Ժļʲô⣬ҲѾûʱ
һȺ޳ܵļһֽţǱɣ
Ժһ࣬ƿڴ˿־壬һ´
ĵĲֱ˶ֽţԺǳҲذɡ
ԺŸоԼԼ֮䣬һޱȵȦ֮С
澲һߣԺĿһƽ
ã磬㣬һоͶˣ
ԺĿ֮ᣬʮֹҧ滻һλá
ʼ
һſֲ֮ų۶ȥ
̾һ䣺Ǻó
Ժĵһɳֻһ룬Ѿٵһٵ״̬ͬһڳ֮ϼۡ
ַ۵ĸоһ˿˿
ƾֲޱȵʣ޼ɵһ½ٵ˼㣬һܹľ롣
ĳ磬ͣ
ԺļһĻһĨ˷֮ɫе
ڣӵõļ𡢿ѹϵͳԺȻֻһͨˣǳٵ״̬֮£Ȼܹ˵Ӱ졣
ĳԺһˡô֣ΪĵУҲûá
һЦһť
ϵͳΪˣڵģʽ
һһ֮ܳи֣һ֮ܳһųޱȵķġ
һâҫһܳٶȱһ´ﵽٵĿֲٶȣٶȺһ³Խʻܳ
ԺļһĻ֮һĨ٣ˣĳӾʦװȻܹﵽ١һΣ䶨ˣ
ĳθĳٲǰܳԽ
ԺҲû뵽⾹ȻܹʦĸװʦװԼܳ
ʲôԸװҲԸװ
浭ȻһЦһָһɫĹâһû˳֮С
ԺĵܳһâҫٶȻһʮ٣˺ѿǰܳ׷ȥ
Ժģ椿ϧˣҪ̫Ҳл棡
Ǹװĳ֮ܳУ˼ƮųصӰһ⡣һܳȫϵͳƣҪƿء
棡󷽳ﵽʮ٣עã
һȻϵͳ֮
ʮ٣ôܣѵϵͳϣ
΢΢һ㶣һ̣ԺĵܳʹһĨӰĳԱӹһʧǰ
漫ʥ죬ĳһġ
һԲεܹ֮Уһ¸ֳصݡ
棡
ϣ
ԭ棡
һ
棡
һ

ܹģһܹԲϵظŸ־
ߣָ棬İ߽ǵĹȣ
ֲûе¼ߣ
һİߣ

ܹģһ³ʮʥߣٵĴŸݡ
һɫĹâҫһһ׾ţڷ磬òӢӳ֮С
ͳ죡
ڳʥ߶ӹһ
ͳ쿪ڵһߵʵΣ
ͬʵӦԵĴʩҲͬЩһȻǱץ䵱ūԴϵǿҪԴ
һʥߵݷһϵĿֲǿߡϢԭ޷
һͳһĨ֮ɫϵǿߣҪȥӭһλѡ


1510 ӭ
һӰ΢΢һһɳһͣɽ͵ɽۣɳ֮ˣԺġ
Ժģ
ɵƯ
Ǹ˵һˣ
Ժģĳװ̫ˣ

ɽ֮һ´˷ޱȵĻ֮һȺŮ
̫һĨ֮ɫһеľƱ͵ڵϣƬҧгݵǸĻ쵰Ȼƻҵļƻ
һص̫ӣǸܹԺĵɳٶʮ٣Բһ򵥵ľɫпǳѧԺĳߣ
һڳļһĨ֮ɫȻȴֻͨˡǿͨ˵ǶϳȴҲЩͷۡ
̫һĨɭޱȵɱʲôֲûŪߡֻҪǸ߽׳ߣܹŪ
̫ӼҲһӴޱȵļ壬ӵ೬Ϊ֮Ч̫ҲֻΪʵ̫ֳԲÿ࣬ԻһˡȨƣȫŪһǿʿ
ʮ֮󣬳żʻһܳصɽۡ
Ժü֮һ˿֮ɫߵǰ⣡ǧõ㣡
ɫһ±ʮѿ
֮УͨһµĹҲǧõ㡣ǧõĸҲó
⶯ֶΣΪԼѾʮþȣԺĶĶһǧõ㣬Ǽֽᱻա
̫Ǳ߿һֻۣ̫Į
Ժģǻʮʱʮ֮һὫõ㽻㣡
һĨɭޱȵɱѾԺɱ⡣
ԺģߵһλѲܸʶһ𣿡
һЦ̫˹߸żԼʮŮ
Ժü΢΢һ壬̫ܵӣһλ·ʶ棡棬һλ̩ŵ̫ӡ
̫Դһ˿棬Һ㣬ûȤ̩ΪЧҿԸÿһǧõ㣡
һǧõ㣡ѾԹӶһ׳ˣ»ʿ
ôֱʣ
̫ӣ

һԴһ󾪺֮һǧõڳĸ˵ҲһСĿ

Ƴ̫һ
̫ǰЦһ½ϣαЦݻʧĶ棬һĨͺ棬㾹Ȼҡˣ֮Уûܹȵ㣡
Ժɫһе̫ӣðԭ棬㻹ɵվŸʲô̫ӵǸ찡
̫ȦĵһˣӴޱȵԴˣһԺʮĿֲ
̫ӣôĿ˭ôĵӣȻð̫ӣ
һ֮
ֱ֮ӿѣһɫĹâ֮Уһ³ʮֳװװףɢſֲϢֳװսʿ
һҳʮ׵ɫս֮С
һɫĹâɫս֮зɳγһɫĽݡ
һһ׾ţڷ磬òӢɫ֮š
Ǹŷһϵеķس
ҷֳװǿľţ
ǹ£

ˣ

ôôｵٴ˵أ

ɽ֮ϣЩӵܿһĴһĿɿڴԼ۾
Ǵͳκһ˷̫һ仰ܹڳӵܼãͬһ仰Ҳܹڳ˵ļ
˭Ȼ¶ֻĸࣿ
̫ӵȶӿһۣжһĨ֮ɫ
ͳǰ΢΢һЦλѣá漫ʥƿʹµĵʮͳԶʥγƺ
浭ȻһЦһ˿˿㲨֮л棬档
Զʥ΢΢һЦﲻ̸ĵطȥ칬һƷƣһ̸߳Σ
̫ӵȶɨһ۵ã⼸ֻСҺᣡ
Զʥ
ڣ
Ƿһ
ԶʥǼֻϾȻҵĹͲ죬񼫣Ǿ壡

һ֣һֳװսʿ̤նУһ½ٵ̫ӡȼߣǼӵܿס
ҪˣҪɱңҿԸõ㣬ҿԸһõ㣡һɣ
̫ɫ䣬һİ

㣬Źǰɣ

̫ߵļӵһ±ŵȶˣڵϣİ
ȴûЩϣŷԶʥһ̤һɫս֮С
һɫսâһû֮ʧ
ȻĴ
ԺĿգ֮һĨ㱡û뵽Լ·صһͨ˾ȻһͽᶼûʸĴ
ãǷʲô֣
Ƿһº˹
ԺЩ£ҽԺģ鼯Ŷ³ĶŮ
ԺȻҲһʮǮĸӴǵһء
һĨʵԺģһλʲôϵ
ԺľԭԭĽһи˷
΢΢һЦԭһλ˵ѡȻˣһǻʹװޣͽǷ鼯ɣ
ԺԲ˷֮ɫмʲô̫лˣ£̫ллˣ
Ժĵķ鼯һװΪӪҵװμţΪҵгѾһûʹװ޶ܹͬʱװ޻ʹľ޴ЧӦüŸһøӵǿ
һЦһУΪ˻ԺĵĸмÿͨԺߡ
Ժԥһ£ʵˣ£浽ʲôˣ
Ǵ˵֮ߣ㲻ޱΰĴڣ
һĨ֮ɫһ̾
֮УҲΨ߲ܹ㲻飬۶ôǿ󣬶ʱţ걻ֱĥ
Ժ֮һĨ֮ɫߣֿתʱգߣĴھȻĴڣ
һЦûһλ֮УҲǿޱȵĴڡܹһϵˣҲĻ


1511 ε֮
칬һ¥һ֮УŮ裬ʦս֡
һ֮ϰ˸ѵһĵرη衢֮ġ֮γɵ档
磬ѵһҲʮƽʮʥ֮УǱȦɱĸߵʳ
ƹѲ
Զʥһħһʵ棬ðһ䣬Ϊ׶ǿ
̹Ȼ죡
֮УӵΪرطҪҲʮѡ

ԶʥһƱֱӵڵϡ
ԶʥһĨ֮ɫ죡ʵǿ
ԶʥҲӵΪkʮҪôѡ
Ȼʮʥֽ죬ǼΪĿֲڡ
Զʥֱ棬ûȤε֮
浭ȻһЦε֮漫ʥ죬Ҫֻӵ֮
Щ֮ػʮʥ֮µѹ죬֮˸ҵС
ε֮õѡ漫ʥ֮У֮һΪʥһΪε漫ε֮ε漫֮һ
ǵھεʥλεʥ֮Уǿƣꡣ
ʥε漫Ҳػ񣬱ӻֲϮ
ε֮õѡ񣡣ûмļֵԶʥһȵ
浭ȻһЦٿǼ죡
ԶʥҲߴһЦã
֮ͨ칬ĸ;鱨
Զʥԣ漫ʥ֮ӵ߽ǿޱȵĴ塣ֻεʥӵ֮ػ
ε漫һֵ࣬ʥһֵǿߡ
ε漫ʥɰٴ߼롣
ε֮εʥ֮һǿ߿Ҳεʥĸ֮һ
漫ʥƿʹε֮
ε֮һҪεʥϵߡ
ʮʥ֮Уʥ챻ֵ֧֮䡣ߴʥǱ֧֮ͬ䡣
ʮʥ֮սûֹͣʮǰ֮սʮʥ֮ΪᳬԽ֮໥ɱ֮䡣
һ֮ս֮ʮʥ֮ͺٳ֣ǲݲ£ɱ
ͬǿ֣֮߳ǲĿֲڡkȻԸΪһЩ޹ؽҪƴЩǾͳΪ˵kǵӡkΪ֣ӽɱ档
ʮ
Ҫε֮
ֱҵ˷Զʥ
ԶʥӹһĨϲɫã
칬ε֮ܲ
ͳ죡
Զʥһ̤ε֮ܲڳε֮Աһ
ʮʥ죬ǵ߶繷ߣ
ε֮ܲһۣͿε֮еĳԱǵ߼ǿߣһĴҲǡ
Ȼʮʥ֮һǿʵ֮һɱɳܶࡣһǿߣϸǿرҲѹһ֮гɳһǿߡ
պͣҪƿʹ
Զʥһֻ۾һͷ׷ȥʮֲϵǰ
պЩͷƿʹ˺æģʲô£ҪĻͲҪˡ
Զʥһλ棬ε֮
պͲͷС£Լˡ
ԶʥȻһЦһǿߣ
죡
պͶʱ˫ԲĿһۣ̬ȴ䣬Դ棬Եȡϵƿʹˣ
ʮ֮һɫĹâҫһòӢһͷɫһɫβͣɢһϢӴ֮߳
ã棡ε֮Ĭΰӭε֮ʵԳΪε֮ԪϣԪӵеһдε֮¡
ε֮΢΢һЦһָһޱȵҫһɫԲֱӷɳС
죬ƿʹ
濴ε֮һۣɫԲֱõС
һ̺֪ʶϢɫԲ֮д
ɫԲε֮ͨε֮Ϳֱڽ񡢽ε̳ǹޱȵ֪ʶرͬʱҲֱܹѯȲ
һöεֻ֮ҪӵȨޣͿ漫ʥεʥΧ֮Ϣ̳ǽиֽס
ͨεֻܹ֮漫ʥ鱨еԪ֮Ȩ޼󣬿漫ʥεʥΧ֮ڵ鱨
칦Ҳ򵽡治֮
ɨһε̳ǣͿи칦ĿǰȨޣҲֻܹ칦ֻܹһʹã޷ڸ˵Щ칦
ǼĺôҪ֪λ֮УЩΪһطܹӡ漫ʥ֮УֻҪгĹ׵㣬ܹӦ칦
֪ʲôʱܹǰεʥ
ε֮¶һ˿ȻЦݣʮ֮ڻһѡ֧ѡڡʱͿǰˡ
һǿߣִҪε֮Уǿε֮ҲԵֵȨʴ
ȻҪǰεʥε֮˵ȻһٺòϢ
ʱţʮת˲š
汾漫ʥ֮Ѱ
ʿ;ͨħҩƣ˼֮󣬾㼶ħҩ׵Ƴ
ʮ֮УҲ漫ʥһ߿̵꣬ħҩħ֮ƶĸرͬʱȡ˺ϡԴʹĹ׵㡣
治ε֮Ȩε֮ҲͶұ󿪷֮ţĸֵ漫ʥؿ
ʮ֮УҲҵ˼ַֻЩַֻһҵַļֵ
칬һ乬֮ڣһɫĹâ΢΢һε֮ͳǰ
ε֮棬ǰܲӣߣ
ռӣ
ε֮߱ġ
ε֮ЦǿôҵһΣ֮⣬ֻܹܲǱƼʮļһ㣬һεĿֻ¡


1512 
֮Уλ졢λ졢λ죬֮⣬д֮ǰߡ
ÿһʱ䶼дַͨʽǱʮʥ֮ڡ
ֵߴ󲿷ֶǰ̫ʥ졢ʥ졢漫ʥʥ졣
漫ʥ֮Уƽÿͻһ߳֡
εִ֮漫ʥһҪܲ˲ţʮһΡܲ⣬ͿȥϹʣһôĹ׵㡣ܲ⣬ôƿʹλþҪˡ
֮Уε֮ε֮вһ֮ڡ
һ֮ڣһȸߴףɫӡĴš
ε֮Ȼ漫ʥޱߣͿڹꡣҪִ򣬻ҪţǷжҪʮʱ䡣
Լӡǵ֮УܡʮڹľҲֻһ֮ңֻߵ淨ʵֵĳ
漫ʥ֮УһһǿٶҲֻܹﵽ١߶ÿռطĴһοռţҲֻܹԽһǧꡣ
Ҳֻε֮ƿʹƿصĴܹ׵ĿԽڲͬĽ֮ɵ
ȻڲͬĽ֮ɵҲҪ޴ۣһοҪĴ۾ε֮ʮʹ
ʼɣ
εֳ֮һɫȨȣһȿһָ
Ƿ֮Уһޱȵӡ֣һɫĹâһûһȿ֮С
һȿһ죬һŤޱȵĹâǴ븡֡
ε֮ˣ
浭ȻһЦһ̤һŤĹ֮С
һɿ˺ѵߵŤǹ֮д׵ĵֵסһŤǹ֮߳Լһ֮ڡ
һɱ칬֮Ũ򱶵ĿֲԴ֮
һĨâ漫ʥ򣬹Ȼȣһƶ֮أԴŨȫͬն
ܼѾߴ7棬ԴܵŨȱ漫ʥҲֹ򱶡漫ʥԴܱ漫ʥŨŨ򱶲ֹȻӿֲ
ҲֻʮʥĵطŻᵮʥߡߣ߶ټ
Щͷ֮뿪ʮʥ죬ǰĵطΪĵطڵk˵ǻӵƶ֮أûǰļֵ
ε֮Ҳʮߴһȴŵִ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһĿ࣬һͷɫһɫۣɫǳĿһ³֮ڡ
ʦ
ε֮һӣһ񹧾
ε֮΢΢ͷȻºһЦ棬ӭεʥ
΢΢һЦ
һҲһǿߣεʥĵ̡
棬ʵεʥֱӳΪεʥĳ֮һҲԳΪεʥ򲹣εʥ֮λ
ʼΪ˵εʥơ
εʥ֮Уε漫ϣƿһСε漫󲿷ʱ䶼´͡
εʥ֮УִƴȨľεʥԼͷɵľͷ˻ᡣ
εʥÿʮͻһΣεֱӵǻΪεεʥ
εֻεʥǿ߲ܹλ
εʥÿһ˶ֻܹһεʧ֮󣬲λεʥĳϡ
һεľͻԶΪε򲹣ǰ漫ʥħʥĽ紦ħʥħǿɱṦѫ
ħʥҲʮʥ֮һƣǿꡣս֮УͷǿвҲ䡣
εʥĺεͱпޱȵĻ֮Уնɱħǿߣ漣ĹѫܹΪεִεʥ
ֻҪε漫֣εʥʥΪʥ֮£ͷεʥ
εʥεʥͷеǿߣεʥ֮еλޱȣԵԴҲԶϡ
Ȩ֮ϵҪΪε򲹣
һͨε֮ȨƸͬն澫ͨɰ壬Ҳֻս֮УܹٵĽ
漫ʥʮ꣬Ϊûκα仯ֻĸȹһЩ
΢΢һЦΪε򲹣µȨһѡһſֱ칦ڶԻһͷͻıʼǡԻһܼΪ4֪ʶˮ
һε֮һһĨĽ֮ɫ
ǿ칦εʥ֮УҲǼΪѵõıҪĹ׵ܹһ
ε֮ܶô꣬Ҳķ֡һεʥͻһſ칦˫֮Ĳ࣬ε֮Щ顣
ε֮ʮǸ˫۷Ź⣬һĨ֮ɫ
һ㣬һɫĹâӵkзɳûֵε֮档
ε֮һ¸ֳһޱȵķš
ϸһ㷢ȨٴλߣѾɵεʥ֮еĸָߴھص칦طԼһЩֻͷΪ֮ѵı
ȻǾ칦طҪĵĹ׵Ҳһ֣һ
΢΢һЦ棬ӭεʥӽεʥһԱʮʱ˼ѡҪǰѹĽˣͿֱҡ
ã
εʥ֮УѾ氲źһݻĹǹ֮ӦоУҼӳǿޱȵĽ磬ǣӴޱȵԴûǹ֮С
һ֮лһƬֲ԰ֲ԰֮УֲʮԼѵһĳֲ
Բͬ־ɫŮ䵱԰ʦֲʦŮ͡ߡܼҡԲͬ־Ůȫʥߣߣһߡ
治εʥӵ֮ػǿ֮һһҪΪεֻܹԴл׳Ϊ֮
һ԰֮УһޱȵĸŮһĨâ
ǻ԰֮еĸŮǷŵ֮УЩ֮ŮǶ⻨԰֮У涷ޣĳ谮ΪӵΪ
Ȼǿᣬ֮ϻͷ֮ԲֹͣԼĽŲһоͻбǿ߶ȡĿܡ


1513 Ϯ
ʱת˲š
֮УҲ漫ʥ˱Ƚ˽⡣
漫ʥ֮У󲿷ֵؾضڸԼʥС
֮⣬ֻʣһЩͷ붼ʮΣյľء
ʱѾһǿߣܹǿͱҲ֮١
εʥ֮УпٱǿııҪĹ׵Ҳһ֡
ǰһյðΣѰεʥ񣬻ù׵㣬øֹ׵εʥ֮еĸĵر
¶˾ģ취Ϊεʥǿٱǿ֮ߣ
ε֮һһɫĹâֱû֮С
ʮ֮֮һ³Ӱ
棬ʲô£
ѾˣҪȥħ򣡡
ãԵȼ죬룬Ϊħƿʹ
ͨһǿһǰսͻСһСͷĿĺһǰ򣬾Ϳһ죬Ϊƿʹ

漫ʥ졢ħʥ콻紦һƬħħһ֮ڣһɫĹâҫһȴֱ֮˳
ħĸƿʹ֮ˣ
һһͷɫػӡɢһɰԵϢòӴһһ
浭ħǰ
֮üͷ΢΢һǣˣ
һСʱ֮ħᰵ֮ڣλ֮ϣ·ʮϯλ֮ϣȴǽǿߡ
ǿ߾ħͳ״ﶼ˾ҫ֮
üͷ΢΢һħʮͳôֻ
״ﶼ˾һˣħƿʹ˺ò״Ľɽֱӿսͽƿʹ˴µĽɽߣǲʥֻܹӡǣ㲻ҪǻΪЧѾְ֮󣬾ͻ뿪
ţ˵еھ뿪ǵĵְ׼ˣ
ƽޱȵĵͷε֮һһâ΢΢һһͨħʮһͳĵְ
лͳ죡
״ﶼ˾΢΢һ㶣һ񣬴ȥ
֮ҲҪ뿪𣿡
֮һˣһʱεʥֻʥ֮硣ҲԸʥ֮ˣֻܹȥ¡Ȼһڴý֮ȥ
εʥĺߴˣǰ֮Уߵ˷ֱʥ֮硢ԭ֮֮ۡס
ǿ߶Ŀֲڣ˵֮Уǿ߶ܹͷ⡣
浭ȻһЦܹ⣡
ֻʣˣҫ֮Ĵͳ춼ѾȥΪʲôҪ£
ҫ֮һŨŨɱ֮еĮܼ򵥣Ҫɱһħӡûɱk֮ǰҾԲȥƿʹˣԸ䲼һк
ϮϮħ巢˽
ħĵھžţ
ħڰ˾ŵټ
ʮŷ߱ƣ
ʮ˷߱ƣ

һޱȵľ֮ħᰵ֮
֮ɫ䣬ŷŭ;֮ɫħڰˡžţǿħƾţھžų硢ڰ˾ųҲǿߡkǾȻѡʱ̫ɶˣ
ħεʥħħһͷһƿʹػ֮⣬ħħ֮ʮͳƿصĽ硣
ħħħǿҪħǣܡ
ħħʮͳڶѾڸλ֮ϣƿʹոΣûüϤħǵĽ硣ħֱһ·
ȤǸҵãҲѾþûжˣЩħѪɣ֮ҫ֮ǸغܲȥЩͳͳɱ
һĨɭޱȵɱһֱӸֳһ˿˿ԭʧ
ħᰵһ֮ڣʮһǿߣkǾħǵʮһͳ졣
һͷϳһֻǣòޱȵĴͳɫһ䣬ҧгݵħڰˡھžžȻȻѡʱǸ
һͷϳǣޱȵĴͳһ̾һΣ⣬ֵ࣬ܲŴµħǿҪµƿʹһˡǲģ
һϹһֻ۾һĴͳҧҲ֪ôģȻսһƿʹƻħǵĴþ档
һһͷ췢Ĵͳ컺kϾǺкҲȻ顣ֻãkѡˡ
һڳһƬĬһĨɬkħ֮ɱǧꡢǧꡣһǰͽkǵһжߡƻõkжһȻĸо
״ﶼ˾ɣħǺʤ㣡ڳ˻üһkǹеĽ磬Ǿ˶첻ˡ
ĴͳĬһᣬһۣѸٵ˳˵ľ
һǣޱȵĴͳȻеǿµƿʹˣ
ǹ֮ڣһ޴ޱȵˮĻ֮Уһ˿˿ҫֱӸֳһƬӰ
ħǵΧǿ֮УźɫףЫβı۵ĹЩħ塣
ֻһ׵͵ȵħ壬ӵ溣Ŀֲ׵ħӵʿ׵ħӵʥ߼ÿһףħͻһ
Χǿ֮Уħߴ֮ޣֱͬľţħǷ
ħΧһһǧǳγһ磬ʮߣڽڵֿħ֡
ʥߡߡһߵĴ֮£ǳ磬ڽڵֿ
ÿͻƵĽ磬һʮһ׵ħųֱ̽צһץǳֱ˺飬˳ƽǳһצ顣
ֵǿ߷׷״ǰܣź󷽰ˡ
һâ΢΢һһ³ħ֮ǰ
εʥƿʹ棿ǿεʥʧߡѾεʥעˡңֻҪ㳼ңΰ磬ҾͻħתʽΪ֮еһԱ򣬽ڣ
һһ׵ħųʮһһ棬¶һ˿˿ɭޱȵɱ
һͷħų֮г˹ƻ棬Ѿεʥεʥ˳㲻ܳΪεʥԣŻپɣͶħ塣ΨһĻ·


1514 ɱħ
˵˵ĻǾͿȥˣ
ʮƽ֮һ¸ֳޱȵӡӡ˿֣΢΢Ʈ
һŤ֮ϳ֣һ˲䣬ʹ˵ĸ֪֮ʧǰһȭݻΪһſֲޱȵǳݺݺȥ
ϼӳֵ˳Ȼһһķ˲䱬ػڵk֮ϡ
һޱȵǳһһķ֮ϣһֱӺ飬˳ƺ֮ϡ
糤׵Ŀֲһ˲ֱըѿķѣ
һŤĹâ΢΢һһ˲ȫֻͷ­ʮһʵȴûκα仯
ʣ˲𣡣
һĻüͷ΢΢һ̾һ䡣
߽֮ʵᷢһη츲صɱ䡣Щ߶ṹԼһ㱾ʡ
ħǿ߹㱾ʾһ˻ɱͻ˲Ȼkʮһͷ­ҲΪȲͬʧͬĸ
ͷ­ʧζŵkʵѾɱΣ
ɱ
һĨ־壬Ȼ𣬼Ԧһħ⣬̽צһץץȥ
Ҳкâһֳħ⣬̽צһץѹգץȥ
浭ȻһЦӡҫһݻγһֲޱȵɺڶһͷײħڵħ֮С
һֲޱȵɺڶ֮еħͳͳڣҳƮɢ
硢ǿߵĹɺڶֱŤ⡢ɡ
ħŵħܼٶʧ
֮һĻĿɿڴ֮ɫǿ򲹣̫ǿˣֲλ֮λ
֮εʥ֮еĸƿʹҲǿ߳֡ȴûм˿ֲǿߡ
ʮһͳ۵Ĺڡ
ǳһǵĴͳĿɿڴǿƿʹǿ
Ϲһֻ۾Ĵͳ쿴һƬĻһĨ֮ɫkһֻ¾ܹѹħţ̫ˣ򲹣˵ÿһ򲹶һұţֻܹˡ
״ﶼ˾ǲϱħһĨ֮ɫ򲹣ǿߣǿ˾
̣
һĨâſһ£һޱȵĺɫԲֱӷɳû֮С
һ˲䣬Ƭ֮еһգǿҲԵӴޱȵ
֮ԿֲףһԻһǳΪkǲ淨ͨһС˶ڤڤ֮ΰܹ׵һһ硣
ոְ壬׵㱾Դȡ֮еȫµͽǿߵΧ
һö̿Ը淨ֻܹԼսĵҲԲ䡣Щ߱ΧɱΪ˿ܡ
Ƿһ֣γһеĺڶһС򱶲ֹǸǿߵĹҲС౶
ħŸͻħǵĽ磬ɱħЧҲ񽵵͡
֮ɫȻ䣬૵̣ˣ
ʮʥ֮У֮ǿߣͷǿߣǷ̵֮£вҲᱻΧɱ
ħǱҲһֻֻΪǸɵľʮһֻĴͳ춼ѡǣ뿪˸λִ֮ܵǰȥΪ
̣
ô죿Ҫȥ𣿡
ǵĵ룬Ѿ׼ѾħսĴͳˣ

ǹ֮ڣʮһͳһǷ̣жһĨɫ۷׷ס
һǿߣǷ̵֮£һ춯صıҲήϡħŵΧҲֻ·һ
ǣ֮һռҫİ˼սͬˮһӿ˷ħɱȥ
Щ˼սҲʥ߼սˣε֮н׹ĸϡƶɵսˡ
Щ˼սԲþΪ׵սˡЩþҲ̳㱾ʣÿնɱһˣͻɵ˵һַ棬һǻԼգԽԽǿ
һܼ峤ߴʮףֳ־޽װŻǹĲþߴһͻħ֮һѪ籩һͷͷħǿ߱սնѿ
ӰǼ֮ǿֲޱȵĻеڻ֮£׵նɱħߡ
һӰһħ߾ֱ䣬Ӱֱɱ
һޱȵĹâ΢΢һħһ˲䣬ӡǱֱ֮ӱһߵתתΪ㱾Դ֮
̣ǲıȻܹƳҵһŵƣҲ԰ˣΪر·ɣ
ݻɺڶһգޱȵӡƣֱһ
һӰ΢΢һͳǰһȭȥ
ղŲǱ͵Ϯ֣
һĨâ̽צһץһֲֻޱȵħצ˺Ѳ񷣬ѹգץȥ
һԵâһϢĳһҧȥ
ٻ
һצϣһ˲佫ñ飬kȴӿһ˿ס

һֲֻޱȵȭͷһȭ֮ϣֲޱȵֱըѿֱӺ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ʬֱɡ
֮ӣ㡭
ɺڶ֮Уӡһ¸֣һѽ⣬һ춯غ֮
֮һǿߣô֮
һĨ֮ɫӡҫһɫĹâԶȥħľŶkֱ
ħľųϧһ
浭ȻһЦһӰͬһ㣬ǰһȭֱӺ֮ϡ
ֲޱȵֱӺ顣
һŤĹâ΢΢һǸոձٴֻǵkͷ­ֻʣ
ס֣棬ֻҪס֣Ҿ͸㣬˭й¶鱨εʥ֮У˭ǵĵˣ
һĨ־֮ɫһޱȵĲҽС
Ҳ֪ЩֻҪ
һŤӰֱ֣һȭڣ飬㱾Դ


1515 
ųˣ
Ǹɱ˾ų

ħű׺ף㴦ҲȻսˡǿųնɱ֮󣬱㿪ʼֱӱ˷ȥ
ԵռֱӷɳſǿޱȵĿռ磬Щħֱס
þ߷ɱЩħ壬ϵĽ
ԴԴϵЩþڴݶûڣתΪ
֮۳㱾ʾɣתκͬʱЩս֮еսɱǿߣǵԴҲᱻɡɱʵĿֲ֮
΢΢һΣһĨӰʼɱħ֮еߡ
һһħ߱׵ɱɡ
ʧȥЩΪ֧ػЩħĻеǰǲһ
֮ħڵǿ߶µĻеɱһա
ħһĹ֮ڡ
һһͷڷһӾһʹħƶɵ֮ϡӾεʥ֮ǿ֮һʥ֮硣
ʥָ֮һţһɫĹâڵk֮и֣ޱȵ⣬̺֮ŸϢȻܹȫħţ棬СҲһǿС
ħһǳ֮Уʬһ𪣬ף˫֮һ˫ͫӽ̤һħͷ­¶һ˿ЦݣȤһ֮⣬һУŲį
ħ룬ӵһƬɢ׹һƬ֮ҫҲԳ׹ĺ
޾׹룬һˣϻصӡ޾׹⡣
Ȼ֮䣬һ׹΢΢һǻ֮ײŻ˫ۣһٴݻħţ濴򵥣ǸС
ҵĻ֮ǰվֻ߼𣬻ҳ
֮ٴα˫֮е׹⡣
ħǱ֮УѾ˴ССı
ħĺǡѪҺֹ̻ռЩ֮ڣʼƸָսˡ
ħᰵ֮ڡ
״ﶼ˾ʮħĴͳ쾲նڴ֮ڣǶλ֮ϵ棬Ÿ֮ɫ
ħħƿأħӵоŴţÿһŶƥǿߡ
εʥһεƿʹòף۲ǿħ֮дһͷ
һ־ͽħż˫֮Ĳ֮󣬼ֱţʮһͳжһĨ⡣
״ﶼ˾ԥһҧƿʹˣǰСҪĻҲΪЧ
浭֪ˣǿˣ
״ﶼ˾ʮһĴͳһɲС汾Լ¾͸ƣӵƵϵǿߡ
״ﶼ˾k뿪֮ڵkǵλ֮ϰԼĸƿħǵȨ
״ﶼ˾ȴͳĿ΢΢һһתȥ
ѾȶԿʼʵˡ
Ŀ΢΢һһɫ֮һ½֣˲ԭʧ
ħһƬɽĶһɫȪˮɫȪˮ·һޱȵʯ顣
һ˿˿ҫͳǶ֮С
浭ԭʯЩԭʯӦÿ㡣
һ˿˿ҫʯı֣һޱȵʯ飬֮˷֮ɫл磡
ε֮Լħҩ漫ʥ֮лԴ
ʱʿ֮УЩϵУ츳ǿ߻϶Ѿ׵ߡ
ʯͽ׵ߣȴһֱڵ۷壬޷ڿǱԭʯ֮󣬶ʱϲǱԭʯǿõk䡣
⽫֮ѡħǣΪħʢԭʯı
ʯ˫һ¸ֳޱȵӡǱԭʯֱһС
һſűԭʯʹȪˮֱ֮ӷɳһûʯڡ
һɫ˿ߴʯڷɳϣγһűɫʯͷһɿֲޱȵϢʯ֮лۡ
ʼҲÿʼˣ
һ֮΢΢һֱӴԭʧһ֮С
һ֮Уһɫʯʯ֮£һɫʯ룬ɫʯ֮Уһ㱡ɫҺ塣
ħҺħΪıЩͳǶˣȻһҪֵkһ顣ڣȫˣ
濴ɫʯһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
εʥǲħһҪĿľΪ˶ȡħҺħҺϵǿҲкô
ε֮ʮŬõĹ׵㣬Ҳֻܹȡ1ħҺЩħĴͳÿʮ궼Ի1ħҺΪԴkȥ֮ЩħҺͳΪ֮
֮⣬ħ֮л߿ʹõԴʮһͳ֮󣬶С
ȻӶʧȥʮһĴͳʵ˥ǴӳԶĽǶҲ潫ħӪΪԼ֮صûᡣ
ſһɫʯ֮УɳһħҺֱûĿС
һħҺһûڣͲϵĲṹһ˿˿ǰָǵķת
ֱӴ֮߳һָһӡ֮һûڡ
֮УǿơĴڣҲֻһǿߡұǿĹɱط
һĽṹֹͣ˱仯֣㱾ɰΪģһǰָǵĽṹת
һһħҺûڣֱԽԽǿ
ʱת˲š
ħҺûˣɶгħҺһɱ䣡
˫ۣһĨϧ֮ɫ
ħҺħΪԴͷҲʹӵгħҺܹȫɱ䣬Ϊǿߡ
սô
һһϢǱ߷
ĿǰѾһĲþʮܡ߼Ĳþһǧټܡʥ߼Ĳþһǧܡ
ȫħ֮ռЩħĲк¯죬˺Ĳþߡ
ķ˴Ĺ׵㹺ֻе֪ʶͶ˺Դ㡢ǼӰ֮ϵĽkѾʥ߼Ĳþߣ㼶ĲþҲ
һĨâҵľѾ㹻Զˣ


1516 
ħǡ
ǼΧ֮УƯһſͬǳһ޴󣬳ĺɫѨ
֮źɫĹâ֮ŵĸ
һӴޱȵǺɫĳѨϷ֣ŤΧա
һâҫһֻӴޱȵĽӺȻƬ֮С
Ϯ
εʥ˹ˣ

ǺɫĳѨ֮Уһ´һޱȵĲǴ
һһףͷĹһɫĳѨֱ֮ӷɳÿһͷɢ溣ϵĿֲ
ħߵĳѨƣ
ɨһѨһۣһЦ
һ峤ߴսڡڡâһһԻߵĿֱֲӺһɫĳѨ֮ϡ
һֲޱȵĹ֮£һɫĳѨֱӱǿֲĹɣֽ⡣
ħ߱ǿֲĹɣҲķħߴһѨ֮зɳĴֱӷ
һѨȻֱѿ֮һ³һֲޱȶѨǿֲޱȵĶѨ֮Уһͷ峤ߴɢֲϢķħֱӷɳſһ磬һ綾ɫһսȥ
ǿһشһǿߵսҲֻ࣬ʮңһʧһҶ˵ҲһСĴ
޾ǹҫǼԦǡǶܡһ³ɫĹ֮ǰſһ޴ޱǹ硣
һɫĹһǹ֮ϣǹ֮һʧ
һӰ΢΢һӰӰӰ֮Ծֳ֡Ӱìݺݵһìһͷķħͷ­֮ϡ
һɫӰֱӱǷħֱӹᴩһʣ˳ƽǷħ߽ʳ顣
Ƿħ߱ɱ֮ڤڤ֮еķǣ֮£һųѪɫҰףľ޴ֱӴһƬ֮УһƬƬļ˽
һһޱȵĲͬ˷ɢȥ
԰׵ףħħ֮Ϊµ֮һ˲ǻĴڡϧҵĻеſɲǻ壡
濴һŹޱȵľ޴ףһĨâ
֮УǿƣֲǿߵĵߡĴڡһ־Ϳ԰ǻֻߣһҲᱻֹΧİ
ǲ԰׵׾ħħΪµ֮һһ֣ܹ˲ǻĴڣյkǵøӿֲ

ѩŴս֮зɳһſޱȵʹֳֳ֮ʹ֮ǲ԰׵һָ
һʥԾһеİɫһǲ԰׵֮ϡ
ǲ԰׵һŤһޱȹ׵ĲҽУһŤĿնƬ֮ɢ
֮һĨâü֮ǰԲ̸֣ǲ԰׵֮ʱɢֱգתΪ
֮۳㱾ɡȻûа취ͬħųս֮Ҳͬӵпֲޱȵܡ
㡢ӰǼkɱʵӰ֮£ҲԽԽֲӵַ˼
ǲ԰׵ױɱ֮Ĵֱ룬ŵļֱӷȥ
һֻһֻСӲϵĳ֣ͼĴ
һֻֻСӸոտͱ潢ӵڻֱ˺Ƭ
ûãĽӾͷ˼Χзھǧ֮С
һƬ֮УħǳǳѾħ죬һսҪ
ָĹħǳ֮зɳĻеɱһ
ĻеŴʱսҲӵʥ߼Ŀֲսͬһļ⵶֮׾ٵɱЩ
Щ߼ħʮһĲþ׽
棬㾹ȻҵĵѵҪħ߾Ų𣿡
Ӽ֮һ·ɳһͷʮһ׵ħųĩĶ棬żɵ֮ɫ
ĩǸһֻߴ֮޵ħš
ңܻ򣬾ȥ
֮߳һĮĶĩ
ܺã棬֮裬ձصٱ֮ĳҼסˣһμ棬ļա
ĩһҧһſһȣһֲޱ쫷ԼԶȥ
ħڰˡھžŶУĩҲΪԼܹסı档
һâҫЩħǿ߷׷ɢ
ӣ
һĨ֮ɫһ֮иֳصӡ˲ԭʧĳĩһȭĩ壬ֲޱȵֱӱĩֱӺ顣
һâ΢΢һǧ֮⣬ĩٴ۳ͣһ𾪣棬һŵĺУôܣôôǿ
ṹʼǰָ˵Ľṹת֮ȻûʵȴǱٱֹ
ո桢ıԴ֮󣬱ѾԽ۷塣ȴеṹŻ˿ֲ
εʥǲǿԷڣ
浭ȻһЦһ˲ƣĩǰһȭĩֱӺȥ
ס֣
һŭ֮Ƭ֮
ĿֲϢȻǿ˺գ߷
ֲֻޱȵצһֻǡһϢĺɫâֱӺȥ
һĲþֱӸֳ֣־޶ſ˷磬ֱֹӭȥ
¡
صľ޴ը֮һĲþֱӱħųֱӺ顣
һ˲䣬һȭĩ֮ϣһȭĩķѣһɺڶkֱɣӡǶûзŹ
Ҫ𣿿ϧǽͳͳҪɱǣħҲûܹң
кâһӡ֣סһ½̬ǣſһԾ׵Ļе֮
ǻе֮΢΢һȣһ̺ʱ䡢ռ䡢ذһ֮ϡ
ʮͻأĴԭʧ
ʱ壡
ǵĸ֪֮ʧˣذ壡
ʱ䡢ռ䡢ˣذ壡
̬ߣ

ħųɫȻ䣬׷ʩչ̽طһޱȵĲ˷ϯȥ
ҵˣ
ų׺ȻһĨϲɫһһĨϲɫͱ˾־


1517 նɱᰲ
һ˿˿ҫʮͻأĳ׵ǰһȭ׵֮ϣֱӺ顣
ɱ֮һĨӰħľų᰿ǰһȭᴩ᰿࣬һɺޱߵ֮᰿ֱ顣

ʥһĨâͷϳһֻǣȼѪ֮ͷ­ֱըѣһ˿˿ޱȵһ
ǹϯ֮£ͬһû˲һ±ֹٶҲǿܹ׽ٶȡ
᰾᰹ųâһÿһ˵ͷ­ը̽צһץ
ֻźɫħ⣬޾ɱħ֮צ˺գһ˲ǰݺһץѹȥڡδضˣȥ
ǿȼվѪȫһǰͷҲֻȼܹܿ
ϧ̫ˣ
浭ȻһЦкâһһȭһǳֱӱѹһУݺݵײֲֻޱȵħצ֮ϡ
ֲ׵ֱӱֻħצֱ飬Ƿһеֱӣգ᰾᰹ų֮ϣųֱӺѡ
ɣ
һĨɭޱȵɱ˲ųǰӶ˫ȭų֮ϣֱֲӱųֱӺɱ
һ˿˿ҫס᰾᰹ħų˲
ɣ
һģӰ΢΢һֱųǰֱһȭų֮ϡ
ɿֲ׵˲䱬ųֱӺ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ųֱɣŵkǵԴ
ʥɫ䣬һ¸ֳصӡ΢΢һһ⣬Զȥ
ûõģ
˫֮ޱȵħ⣬ʥķһۣɭһЦһ˲ƳʥǰһץһһеɺڶֱӸ֣ʥֱɡ
ס֣
һײе֮һӵʮͷ­ɢֲϢħһųᰲ̤֮ݺһצ޾ħ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱѹȥ
ˣոͻ죬ȻһսѰ·
һĨɭޱȵɱֱһȭԦӡݻγһֲޱȵĺڶֱӺᰲצ֮ϡ
һɺڶһУŤһУ׾ٵĽᰲצ飬˳ƺᰲڣһȭͽᰲĴֱӺ顢ɡ
ᰲһţôܣ㲻Ĵڣôܻңⲻܣ
ɣ
һһеĿֲڶֱӱᰲֱһᰲӲľǿֲޱȵɺڶ֮ڡ
޾ֱ֮ӱᰲ档
һŤĹâ΢΢һᰲʷһ˲ֱ֮
ᰲ𣬶лҪǻеѶȣ
һ˿˿Ť̤ʱ˲һᰲǰһȭᰲ֮ϣһ˲佫ᰲֱӺ顣
һֲֿޱȵ֮ӲĽᰲɽȥ
ס֣棬ס֣ҪɱңǿԺú̸̸һҿ԰ħ򣡣
ħһžųᰲһĨ֮ɫһ˺ѷεĲҽ֮
ҪҪһȫȫҵħԣȥˣ
ɱһţһɺڶӡҫһУᰲӲ˽ȥ
ᰲӡֱӸ֣飬ա
һųˣ
ô
棬̫ǿˣ
ӣ

ᰲһ䣬ħֱӱħɢЩþ߷ɱ
սѾһ䣡
Ѿħ忴һۣһֻеأһֻе׷ɱӴޱȵĻеħǷȥ
ħһά˹ǵһ
¡
һ֮Уǹ֮һʮ׵ľ޴ֱӱ顣
ˣ
ˣ
ɶ񣬵˭˭

ǹ֮УᰲʹһĨ֮ɫֱӱ촷ʧ
ᰲǿߣkʹطǿʹӣڵkһ䣬Լ֮£ЩʹҲֻܹ
kˣûᣡҵõǼûᣡ
һɫĲӰһ֮дЩ֮еĽǺɫĲӰͬ裬޷谭ǺɫӰǰĽŲ
ǺɫĲӰһ֮һ֮ǰǸ֮Уſǿޱȵķ硣
һͭųǽصǰޱȵĹâ
˭Ϊᰲı֮ͭڣκ˶뵽kıأһ仨棡
ǺɫĲӰͣǽصһ֮УĿڻ֮ʻ֮еһ֮ϣһḬ֮̃ɫ
û˭뵽ᰲıزһѪ档
һƽޱȵ֮дһ˿˿ҫ֮߳һצֱӴǺɫӰš
Ӱ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ǱᴩĲӰһޱȵŤֱӻһʴ֮ӰֱӲƶȥͬʱͼȡ㱾Դ
һɺڶֱӸ֣ʴ֮Ӱһһһʴ֮Ӱһ˲ͱɺڶֱɣһëȻļ֮
һ˿˿ԶߵĹӰ֮ɺڶ֮лͼʴ档
Ӱ֮˲ǿߡϧҽܹ֮õĶѾָӰ֮С
һЦһӡâ΢΢һӰ֮ͳͳɡ
Ӱ֣γһòһͷɫͬһӡ
һϴº͵Цݵ̫ʥĹӰʥĹӰӣ棬Ǽ־ڱصáÿֻҪÿһǼҿ԰֮ĳޣ
ᰲɱģħڶҵ֮һҲҡ㣬ˡߵĻǾԶҲҪˡ
ᰲ֮󣬾ᰲܾһصĻ֮ڣȻøˡ
ÿҪٽһʮѣҪϡޱȵԴϡԴмУĴڡȻ;Բøˡ


1518 һͳħ
ȻˣôҲֻܹȥˣ
Ӱһ̾һ¸ֳޱȵĹӰ⡣
ʮ߼ӰūʮͻأĴӰֱ֮ӳ֣ȼ㱾ԴԼһУʮӰ֮⣬ֱӺȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ӡҫһȭһֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ʮӰֱ֮һ
ʮ߼Ӱūȼ㱾Դһɺڶֱӣһǿֲޱȵĺڶһ׷ױ
ȼ㱾ԴӰ֮ȴһ˲һڶУӲĺ֮ϡ
޾Ӱ֮ҫ̺ſԶɱһеӰ֮Ĺ档
棬ҿǽշӰūȫˡܹǿһ֮£Ҳң
ӰɭһЦӰۣγһ֮Ӱ֮һʮֹĳһӰ籩Ϸӽֱնȥ
ʮӰūǹӰӺķĲǿߣҲǵkǿɱ֮һ
潫ᰲնɱϢ֮󣬹ӰӾڵһʱԼɱﵡӰûκʤ㡣
Ȼܹ˵ңӰӣʵԶ֮ѡΨһĴ󣬾ң
ǳŸʴӰĹӰ֮УһֻʴõĴֱǡӰ֮һץһӡֱӱǡӰֱ֮Ӳơ
һֲֻޱȵĴһ˲䣬ֱǹӰһץǹӰֱץС
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǹӰֱɺڶ֮ڡ
ܣôǿʮߵԱôɱ㣡
Ӱɺڶ֮УŤһ󾪿־׵ļ֮
һǹӰ֮߳ѾڴС˿ڣӡҫڴС˿Ҳһϡ
һЦʮߵԱȷʵСȻܹ˵ҡҲˣ֮£㾹ȻԱң̫ˡ
棬ɱҵģ¼ɢޣ֪ǹӰжôǿ󣡣
ӰһĨ
һ̺ſֲӰӡСֱӸ֣һͷĿֲΰֱӱһӰֱ֮նɺڶֱն飬˳նȥ
ͷһ֮ÿҿһ£Ҹͷ׻жٲ࣡
һĨ˷ޱȵĹâһץǳʱռ֮šǳ֣֮תȥڡδһӰ֮ݺץȥ
һӰ֮նϹȥڡδӰʱգһиͳͳתΪӰ
һصıǿֲޱȵӰâ˳ն£ֱնϡ
ͷһʮȼ㱾ԴһҪ޴󡣲Ҳǲܹ⣡ֻҪٽһܹͷĹ
濴ʧһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ŀ΢΢һյĹӰϡ
ӰӳӰ֮һնɺڶһ˲䣬Ѿû룬Զȥ
˵Ȼ㲻ԸߣǾȥ
һӰ΢΢һ̤ʱͬ˲һ㣬ڹӰһצ˹Ӱӵеֿû˵kڡ
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǹӰֱɡ
סְɣСѣkҹӰһӣǹӰˣkҵĺӰ޺ۣһӣkһ·ɣ
һӰҫһ𷢱ۣɢһɰԵϢü֮һӰƵӴ֮߳
kҵ·ˣԣk
Ŀָһ
һɰԵ׵ֱӱǹӰ˵ͶӰֱ󱬡
޾ӡŹӰ޺۵һˣǹӰ޺һ±øɱһöӡֱӸ֣һı顣
ס֣棬֪ˣҲᱦˣס֣ס֣
Ӱ޺һĨ֮ɫһޱȵĲҽ֮
ǲҽ֮УӰ޺۵һ飬ҳ
Ӱ
浭
ϣ
һ˿Ӱ΢΢һӰǲӰ֮зɳһĿ档
ˣ
һָǹӰ޺۵㱾Դ㻯һӰûӰڡ
Ӱ޺ǹӰӣĿֲǿߡkӰ˵Ǵ֮԰Ӱͻƿ졣
лϣ
Ӱ֮һĨϲ֮ɫһ˹Ӱ޺۵㱾ԴϸֳӰ֮˿ڵk֮ϣʼ
浭㣡ѹͰˣ
ǣϣ
ף绪֮߳ϥ£
ϣһ֣þֱӷɳڵkͳ˧ʮʥͽ֮£ɱȥ
Ľ֮ά˹ǵķܿͱѹǳҲƿ֮С
̫ʥӰ屾һڹӰߵĹӰ֮УһĹӰ޺۵ֱӱѡ
Ӵˣ
ʲôˣȻɱҹӰӣ
ݣǸ˾ȻɱҹӰӣǹӰԸݣ

ǹӰ֮Уһ´һ󱯷ޱȵŭ֮
ӰҲǹӰ֮ΨһнͷǱǿߣk䣬ն˹ӰδһԱ󽫡
Ҳ飡˭ȻɱҹӰӣҪԶ֣ɱ
ǹӰ֮Уһŭ֮
ŭ֮УӰ֮ڲϵĲŤ
ǣ棡
ǹӰ֮У˶ʹͷ
ʮʥ֮УҲֻӵһͷػܹǴռʮʥ֮أ˸ǡ
һͷڸ֮У൱һĴڣ˸Υk
ѹά˹֮󣬱ά˹ǡӴޱȵĻеĴɱħĲࡣ
ħľŴųնɱħħ֮еӵǿߡѡҪkնɱһʮַ顣
飬κֻҪħǣ壬kͳ˧ӴޱȵĻеֱƽ
һһеҪħ֮б岻ǳǱͳ˧еֱ
ӴޱȵĻеħ֮ŰޱȵԴ׷ƿ֮С
ҲǺޱȵԴϵĴһ㼶Ĳþףǲþ׵Ҳڲϵ
ά˹֮УŴ˷۶ħҺԼħ֮иޱȵԴԼ岻ϵɱ䡢
ʮʱת˲š
ħ򶼱ͳ˧׾ֱӵƽѾ鲼ħһ仰ͿԸıħһˡ


1519 Ӱ
ʮʱת˲š
ħᰵΧǿ֮УƷڹһֲޱȵĹûħᰵ֮ڡ
꣡
һ֮У飬ʯʯ֮߳һĿֲϢ֮
ʯ֮һĨâ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڽˣϧû۳ӡǣҲܹߡ
һ߱ĳһһ֮۳ӡǣܹ㲻ԣΪһߡ
֮Уǿƣӵǿ壬ӵսĿֲʤЩӵ߼սĴڣ֮Ҳ֮Ϊߡ
·һ㣬Բڹһڣһֲޱȵһû֮С
һ˲䣬ԲĹâӰӶһ˲ʧŤĹע˼֮С
ޱȵӰ֮˿棬һףϢŮ֣ɢĿֲϢӰ
죡Ҳزϧ㣬ҵʵǲ̫Զˣ
ӰɢһŤֲӰ֮⣬֮¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫ
İԲ֮ÿոһ汾Դkܹþ޴ĺôϵɱǿ
Ӱ֮󣬲ܹĸ֪ʵӿֲǿɲ⡣
Ӱ΢΢һ֮һĨһϵ磺ȻѾɣҲȥ°ɣ㣬ּҰɣ
һ֮΢΢һһݾûӰݿڡ
ȤȥЩɣ
Ӱ촽¶һԸΣյ飬΢΢һΣԭʧ
ıħħħڵħ
ıħ￨һĹ֮ڣǿߡ
ǹλ֮ϣһʷķһĺɫճҺճҺ֮ϳž֣ÿһֶһͷ­ͷ֮ȴû顣ʷķһ֮ϣȴʮĶԹޱȵ顣
һĿֲǴճҺ֮kıħħ֮һľ綾ħ
Ǿ綾ħԱߣһԲ壬֮ϳһֻ͵ħ
һ޴һ㣬峤ߴľħһžͷٱۣ׵ľͷٱħһɵǹꪵȸγһţĲλһŤħӰħһɫħ棬׵Ĺħ
綾ħټλǰΪӦħεʥ棡һǰħħͱµȫħħ峬һħѹһıħˣ
ħŴԣɫ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
Щͳ˧ӴޱȵĻеĴս֮ħͳͳնݳͳͳɱһ
ħ屻ȳΪ֧߹
ıħҲо˴ħǱߴĿֲѹЩıħ֪˶ǿ߽ħͼֹһͳħ򡣽Щǿ߽ħ֮󣬾ֻ·һǿӻҲûдмֵ鱨
綾ħô죿㼯ıħǿħҲֻ·һ
ħſһëȻĹ첨
ĴħҲ΢΢ͷ
ħŴ֣ͷһսǿֲޱȵħ嶼׵ĵƽıħħǾֻ·һ
綾ħĵһˣıħһǾͲõˡ
ˣ
һħɫ΢΢һ䡣
綾ħ˳֣ضҪĴԴҪıħ˹ֵͬ
εʥͬһֲ֮֮Ҳһֲޱȵ֮
ΪĵһӣҲħʥ֮һΪֲǿߣӵнͷǱʵɲ⡣ǵkθͬkʵȣһkٴ˵أıħ򶼻ᱻkεߡ
ħʲôʱ򵽣
綾ħ˽ıħ򣡻뼸λ׼ӭӵk
󣬻ɣãҿȡǵΪ׸ҪȫˣǸӦҲʮͷ۰ɣ
Ӵ֮⣬һ´һЦ
˭
ڳħĿһķȥ
һɲǣħһ˿Ӱ֮Уֳ֡ӰìĴֱ̿Ӹ֣ӰìħֱӴȥ
ɱң
ħһĨ֮ɫſѪڣУǹӰֱ̿ҧȥ
ֳ֡ӰìĴ̿͹һЦ廯һӰһӰ֮⣬ֱӷħĿУᴩһУֱըѿ
һſֲޱȵӰ֮ħ
һ˲䣬̿Ҳһ˲ֱըѣӰֱ֮ӴħڣһֲޱȵӰ֮ʴħ塣
˾綾ħ֮⣬ħ϶ӿһ˿˿ޱȵĺɫϢ岻ϵĲϢһ˥
ӰĹӰ̳̫֮ʥӰĹӰֲ֮ףɱͬ׵ߡҲǹӰһη֮һ
ֶЧ
Ǿ綾ħϵһӡҫһ״֮ϵſһһޱȵӡӵkϸֱ֣һǹӰֱ֮Ӵӵkϳ롣
綾Чһìأ
һЦ֮ȻǾ綾ħһӰìʮͻأĴ̳һ˲ͽ綾ħֱӹᴩ
һ˿˿ҫӰֱӳǡӰìĺ󷽣ЦĿǾ綾ħ
һӰ֮һʣֱӽǾ綾ħʳ顣
綾ħĶӰһֲޱȵôǱҵħ¶
ƾһˣҪǱħȷʵеѶȡİҪǱħֱ׾١ˣȥˣıħҲΪǵ֮
ӰȻһЦһָһԲ̵ͶӰֱӸ֣Ǿ綾ħĲһա
һɫĹâҫǾ綾ħӡֱӸ֡
綾ħһĨ֮ɫһ˺ѷεĺУҪɱңҪݻҵӡǣʲôԴӦ㣡
ˣ
Ӱ̺ݺһ̣Ӱìһ¹ᴩ˾綾ħӡǡ
ǰɫĹâһǾ綾ħֱա
ѡҵӰħūѡ
ӰħϴЦݣû˵ֱ꣬һìħ壬һìħ˲佫ħӡֱӽ顣
̫ˣӦôԵ
ӰĿħһЦ


1520 ıħ
ǿһǿ˲Ǿȥɣ
Ӱϴ޵ЦݣӶӰìֱһǾħħٱħһһͬʱ˵kǵӡǣõkȫ֮ʧ
λˣҲΪӰūԸΪıΪսԸ⣬ҿԸǩƽԼΪı
ħһŤһ±仯ΪһףɢſֲŤϢսìӰǰ
ħɲۺս֮󣬽ɵĿֲڡkԱ仯Ϊ֮ıΪͷҲԲ
ҪֻҪȫƿصӰūҪ޷ƿصĴڣ
ӰһЦ֮кâһӰìһ´ħֲ࣬ޱȵһ±ħͬӡֱӽ顣
һޱȵħ֮дǰԲ̵ͶӰֱա
Ӱһ֣һԾֱӳ⹬֮ڣޱȵӡҫԴԴϵӿþߣŹ֮иɱȥ
ǹ֮Уħǿߴֲ׾ٱ㱻Щþնɱ
Ӱǹ֮УͬһӰÿһγ֣һɱһħߣħӡֱӱ顣
ӰɵƯıħǵ֮ˣһıħȫɱԴ͸ӳ㣡
һâ΢΢һӰǰͶӰ
һһӰֱӽս硣
ս֮УӰĿһֻеŴһٸֱӹıħ֮С
һֻеŴıħصԾ֮ͬһ⵶һ㣬ıħһؼҪأЩħɱһ
ħǿǲޱȵɱ֮ʧأֱ䡣
ȥЩصֻҪЩԴ㣬Ϳȫ
һϢֱûӰݿ֮УһԴλáֱӸ֡
ĵһıħ򣡡
ӰԼղ͵鱨ֱӴݿ֮ڣ֮͸¶һ˿ǡ
ĵһһֲޱȵǿߣħʥ֮ɱľ
㵭㲻ҪĵkֻҪһԶԸk
ȻˣǾͽˣ
ӰȻһЦһŤԭʧǰɱıħߡ
ʱţת˲š
֮УıħĸսĻеŴݻ٣ЩıħħǶòɢգһءյ֮ͳ˧Ļеɱ
ıħ򽻽紦ĺڷħ֮Уһų׶ֱߴͬһͷ䳲Ŀֲսıħֱӷȥ
һҫǾ͵ķ䳲սϵĿһռ䴫ţͨռԾķʽеķС
Ǿͷ䳲սڲһ
ǹ룬һһŤһħϳֱۣʺɫĿֲ
һɿֲޱȵŤͷ߸֣κµĴڣһǸŤ֮УɥʧǣΪͷū͡
һͷ࿴ֲޱȵĹħʥ֮еһ
ǹ·һǧԸߣkǶһվ·ȴѵ
εʥ֮УÿһһޱȵսſԶѹһ򡣹ҲͬˣκһӶӵѹһĿֲ
һĨâıħħɱˣѾͳ˧ıħ򣬻ıħ˲𣡣ʣǿҪԸΪãǸжã
ռħֱ֮ӱչ
ħǱͳ˧еһһѹƽħԼħʥ֮У㶼ӵпֲޱȵһʱǿĴ֮һ
񵭵ԤԤԽûУ
ϣȻħıħħǿ֮ڡһΣҵ֮˾ʾһνıħضܹȫʤ
һɾſͬճһҫǳ֮⣬ǿȻ
ǹ֮еĺ֮һʵֲסڵkҲӵĴ󽫣ֱ񡢱
ڵĲǳ֮ԤԡkԤԻʮþȣֻмαţԤʧܡ
ϵȻˣǾıħ򣡡
һæ׷ʵϣΪʲôһıħħ򣬾ͿԻħԴĸ֡
񵭵桢ʣÿһǼ򵥵ĽɫıħѾ룬Ϊ˵kǰһıħû̫ʤ㡣ԤǴȫʤܵ˶Էڱš
ϣ˵öԣ
һ˹亹ֱµࡣ
һĨâʵвڷħǡøոһԴ
ÿһҪĺԴħʥ֮Уǿƣ߼ǿֻ߲һǧ߲£Ϊ
һֲޱȵķ䳲ֱӵͷźڷħȥ
Ƿ䳲ʧ֮֮иֳһ˿˿ͶӰҲֱӳ֮С
㿴ʧıӰü΢΢һ¶һ˿֮ɫǹϣǹĺӣҵ¶
㱾Ѿıħļƻ
뿪սҲڷħ֮׷
ıħܹһ£Ϊѹħʱ򣬾Ѿıħ򡣾ûӰ׵ʱ䣬kҲشıħӰĽ㽫شıħתΪ̲ıħ
ںڷħҵڷħ򣬾ԻҰܡ
ˣ̲ıħǵٴţϣҲԽıħԴʵɱ䣡
ʧķһۣһģԭʧ
ά˹ǵһ֮ڡ
һޱȵԴ֮ܳУŸԴܣͬʱһεޱȵħҺֱգڲϵɱ䡣
ʮ֮Уħ֮кԴͬʱҲù׵εʥĵرգҲֻɱ67%
һ˿˿ҫֱӳڹ֮УһָǰԲֱӸ֣һâֱϡ
һ̺Լ㱾Դİɫâϣɫһ±ޱȣϢҲڲϵɱ䣬øӵǿ
ʮ֮ǰɫĹâʧնɱ߻õĻҲͳͳһա
㲻ŲæóһƬƬɫҶıħıħҶһ
һıħҶһ֮ϣͻΪûڣɱ䡣


1521 
֮΢΢һٴһɱ䣬ӡΪĵؽṹɱ͡
ɱ֮ҲֵӰ֮£ɱ䡣
һɿֲޱȵ֮֮бΧ
һĻ׼һָ
ޱȵӡҫӴޱȵǳ֮ޱȵħŨޱȵӿûڡ
ǣ
ά˹Χǿ֮УһŻеҪֱſԴԴϵĴ֮ոǿޱȵԴ
һ·ӿȥûڡ
ǸָͨߣҲԲ壬ͻıɣע֮ڣͱֱɣޱȵֱա
Բ֮Уһֲޱȵ籩γһֱûڡ
ҲϵĽ֮Ūֵ׷׵Ķߣֱɡ
ʮʱת˲š
һȻӸشûڡ
ϣҵУѾû伶ıˡ
˫ۣһֲޱȵĲΧһӡ֣һ̺ſֲɺڶϵĳ֡ʧ
κ֮µĴڣһ棬ͻᱻֱɣɻҳ
̫޴޷ԼĽ
滺Ҫ䣬ܹ죡Ŀǰڷħʤж٣
侲ķǵڷħ73%ʤ㡣ĵһ˺ڷħų֮£еڷħΪ0%
ڷħħǿӵʮǿػĺڷħҲ
ĵһȤ˺ڷħߣҾܹɵһɱ䣡Ϊǿߣ
һĨɭޱȵɱ˫֮ӿصӡʼݿ֮ռĸ鱨
ĵһնɱεʥǿߣδͷ׷ɱ֮ѡǹĵһӣʵȻǿþˡ
濴Ϣ֮󣬵ȫڷħ򡣡
㹧ǣ
һâ΢΢һħ֮УһһҵǼսֱӷɳһ涴Ծ
һֲֻޱȵǼʽֱӳͣһ𣬿Խ˽򣬽˺ڷħ֮С
ڷħıħ򽻽紦һǳȴǣΧǿա
һҫʮͻأĸֳһǼս
һŻĹǼս֮кһںڱȴ֮Уһ˲ǱȴǾͱķѡ
ʣúݶȻұȴǣ֮ձصٱ֮
Ǳȴ֮һ·ɳһֱۣȣŰֻ۾žջĶȴħǿһ·ɳɢ㼶Ŀֲһ˺ѷεĺ֮
һӰӴһȴħ߱ɳһսìֱӹᴩǱȴħߵ࣬һɿֲޱȵǱȴħֱ顢ӡҲֱ顣
ɱ˱ȴħ֮һɫĹâһս֮ǱȴһգǱȴħ걾ԴͳͳգתΪĻ
һĻ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺Ǽ򵥴ֱЧʸߣħأٶҲħˣ
ͳ˧еܹô򵥾ѹħ򣬻϶ģʽһԲϾֱӽЩħסĸǺƬͳͳɱȡkǵ걾Դ
ħıħ㶼Щħηĳ֮ΪŮ
ӴޱȵĽͳ˧֮£һ·ѹ·ħͳͳɱһ
е鱨ֱΣʻɱһУֱ˶ķǵΧ
ķǺڷħ֮йħռݵǳ
ħǺڷħ֮Уʮϵǿ֮һkһͷѪ̫ʥ졣Ϊ㣬һٽеǿͳͳɱk֮󣬾ֱӱ̫ʥ죬ħʥ֮С
ʵʮʥ֮Уÿһʥ춼ӵʥǰıߡ
ֵʥȥҲѡǰʥ
һ˿˿ҫһֱӺڶķǵΧǿգһһŵǳֱӷ飬ǳ֮бħĸӹҲڻ֮лҽ
Ϯ
εʥ
ǻŮ
ʣ

Ƕķ֮Уһ´һ󾪻ʧĽķǵʿֱӱϵǿߣʩչط˷ȥ
ӵǹϣϧĶң
콢֮У˫֮иֳһޱȵ֮ͫͫڣҫŸޱȵӡͨľ֮ͫи֣صĹâ
һʱⳤΧ֣һˢֱӴԭʧ
ѾαװΪһͨߵĹħϸֳʮʮɿּٵطϼӳ棬õkķٶȻߡ
ôûоô˵֮еħ嶼ɱˣûоúݶǻŮʣ
ħǿֲޱȵĽӣһĨɵ֮ɫ
ıħħӰɨֲֿޱȵսѾ˶ɵ
ħһӴޱȵĻеŵʮֹϵѡߡ
ǹϣǿߡڹȥҲס㡣ֻǹȥ
һƽޱȵӹħ֣һ³ڹħֱ֣ǹħֱһץ
ؿֲӡ֣ʱ䡢ռ䣬ŤһУŹħֱץȥ
צ
ħɫ䣬һĨ֮ɫȼԼѪ֮ݺһצץȥ
аʥӰֱӸ֣γһԻһеĿֲħ̽צһץŻϢݺץȥ
ħһצ̺ŵkɱǿߵԹѪ֮һǿ߶ܹˡ
طϧ̫ˣ
һƽĴŤռ䣬ֱһץͷߴĿֲħͬħֱץУһֱ󱬡
ǹħӡҲһ֮£飬Լһжֱա
ǿߵԼ㱾ԴζֻҪ㹻ǿߣҾͿĽ죡
˹ħ֮һ´һ泩ޱȵĸо
ǿߵ㱾Դɱȴ֮гҪö࣬Ҳζöࡣ


1522 ѹ
ڷħǵһ֮ڣڷʮһһֱӱѡ
ħĵˣ
ħˣ
ôܣѵǻŮˣ

ǹ֮ڣһ´һ󾪻ʧ
ħıħħ򶼱ѪѹkѾܱħеħ嶼֪εʥһħ廹ҪײѪǿߣǻŮ㡣
һ˿˿ҫʮ֮ǰ
һ֣ǹ֮жʱһƬ
ǲдʮƽĮħ䣬ûв´ĻεʥĻŮѾ˺ڷħǲԸӦҵôǾԼֵŮıɣ
ʮ֮УһŤһ˿˿ֽ⣬һƬҳƮɢ
дʮһŤһ֮䣬γʮͶӰǰ
ҵԸΪЧ߾ȫΪӡͳ˧ҵȣܻŮ
ʮͶӰ֮Уһͬ޴һ㣬һ֣ÿһ֮϶һֻֻѪڵĹħͷ
εʥͬһĿֲǹ֮Уͬӵǿһλá
˴ǰڷħ򣬾Ϊ˱Ⱥڷħ֮еĸħΪӵ֧ߡ
ڷħĸħǿߣǹ֮ҲǵλߡҲԱȵkǡڷħʮڷħħΪ˱סԼĵֱ̣ѡΪЧ
ǵ׼һͬս
ʮħǣˣ
ħɱ֮ڷħ֪Ѿ˽
ֻħ岿ӱϵĽӷ
Ǻڷħǵ֮£潢ӵٱ¶ţ޷ء
ȻҲ޷٣Ȼһ·ɨ·ħͳͳնɱһһС
󣬺ڷħ
콢֮УǾڽλ֮ϵȻһ֡
ӴޱȵǼʽȻʼ١
ɣǵͱҷˣ
һڣһƬ֮лص
εʥǿĺ֮һ棬ǹĵһ
һ˿˿΢΢һ֮߳
һŤһһι״˷˼ɢ㼶սֱӸ֡
һǧ㼶ľսʿվɢſֲޱȵϢ
ʮɢֲϢǿ߾ն󣬿ӴޱȵĽӣ¶һ˿˿ɱ
Ҿսɲõľսص㡣ҵ鱨ûдĻʢǲǶǺڷħľսص㡣
һâ΢΢һһ޴İɫ콢֮ǰɫ֮ϣԼħ
棡Ȼˣ
Գˣ
ͻŮֲ֣øɱҺڷħ򣡣

Ǻڷħħһ棬ʱĿ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
Щ²ħΪ־ľǻŮʣǺڷħħǶʵΪɵ
һ֣ͽħ֮еħͳͳɱѾᰲУѾ֤Ŀֲ
ħ֮󣬾һֱչزһؾڷħȻñȹȥӿֲ
񻺻棬һǴźƽԸ㽻档ǵʵ൱սȥֻܾˡǩƽԼ֮ڻַ㿴Σ
һĨ֮ɫħս㾹ȻǩƽԼڿЦ𣿡
ȻһЦûпЦʵѾӮҵ𾴡ĵˣεʥ
˵ڵkĵ˾kһͬӵǼǿߡһkľֵǶ֮λkΣˡ
ڹȥҲӦڣֻܹǶΪҽˣ
âһӡҫ֮һ¸ֳһؿֲӡֱץȥ
һ˲䣬㼶սڹâ΢΢һһԻߵĹźڷħ֮еǿߺȥ
棬ˣȻˣҾͳȫ㣡
һĨŭɫһ֣һöɫĹ׶ֱӸ֡
һͷǽɫĹ׶֮˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӴȥ
һöѹ׶ĵ֮һӡͷһַ֮ӡͷһıڵkҲֻ
ͷһ֮ı̫ˣ
ɭһЦ̺һӡĴֱһץһöɫĹ׶һֱ󱬣ӡֱӸ֣ǽɫĹ׶ֱա
ôܣôܻôǿ
Ŀɿڴһţһ֣һöɫĹ顢һɫĹǴֱӸ֡
ͷĿֲǹ顢Ǵ֮
һöɫĹһڹҫһߴĺڹǾˡǺɫĹǴֱӱ仯Ϊһͷչ˫۳һٸͫĻ
ħʥ֮һǿ壬Ļӵе߼Ŀֲǻ֮Уӵͷǿߡ
ųϵͬǿ߱ǻͫһͻᱻǻ֮ͫӰ죬ֱɵųϵս׺ס

һץ̺ӡĴ˺ѿռ䣬ץͷչĻϣһһͷֱӾͱ󱬡
ͷ֮һģһͷڹǾ˵ϣֱӽͷڹǾ˺飬׾ٵĽ֮ɡ
ɶѵѾͷˣ
һĻһĨ֮ɫһſʮĶһȣħҫ˲ԭʧ
ײǿѾսͷϵѡߡֻҪܹţһнпܣ

ɱ˵k

µһǧսʿֱӷһޱȵͣ໥
һޱȵĹâҫһžͷʮۣɢͷĿֱֲӸ֡
Щ߼սʿһĶ֣ȴͷһս
ȻΪļһǧ߼ľսʿĵĸԴҲ֡
˲ս󣡲ױɣ
һģһͷֲľϣһ˲佫Ǿͷʮ۵ľֱӺ飬˳һһǧֱɺڶ֮ڡ
ÿһ֮䣬ʮֱ߱ӡǶֱӱ
棬㾹ȻɱҵĽǲݣӽҵУһὫеͳͳնɱһ
Լһǧɱ絶һޱȵĺС


1523 
һ˲䣬Ѿӳǧ꣬ͷҲѽkɱ
ǿϧûֻˣ
ɭһЦһ֮̽һ̺ӡֱӸ֣һץ
ʱ䡢ռһصӡ֮£·һ˲仯Ϊޡ
˷˼һĻˡ
ʮֹĴ֮иֱ֣һץͬץСһ㣬ץľ֮䣬һ
Ѿ죬ͷֱӱӡҲһ˲ȫʧһȻֵɺڶֱɡ
ܣôôǿô
ӡǱһ˲䣬˵kǳޱȵĲҽ֮
̫ˣ
ɱǹĵһ֮Ŀ֮еһڷħħȥűĹâ
ˣ
̫ǿˣ
ͷӵͷս
ôôֲļһ

һڷħħǼһĻжӿһ˿־֮ɫ׷ʩչط˷ȥ
ȻѾҳ֣ôͳͳȥɣ
гɭɱԼһ˿˿֮һصӡųޱȵĹâ̽צһڷħħץȥ
ס֣
棬Ը⳼㣬ΪЧ
ˣԸ⳼Ҫɱң

ʮڷħħ׾ٵıĿֱֲץУһһ󱬡۵kô󣬶ûлĿˡ
ɱħ壬һ
ʮڷħħ֮󣬿֮ԺڷħľӢħǿߣĿ䣬
ǣϣ
ӰǼʯѩŷֱͳһֻֻþ߾ŷĹǺڷħ֮еħ塣
ǲռףſһ磬ӡƬգЩڷħħ޷ѡ
ͬһһУһе֮֮еħǿͳͳֱɣҳ
ޱȵսʮ죬ԺڷħľӢħ嶼ͳ˧Ļеȫɱ
ЩԺڷħľӢħھ֮УҲƴݻʮ㼶սʮһ켶Ĳþסһǧ߼ĲþԼǧʮʥ߼Ĳþߡ
ЩԺڷħľӢħ屻ȫ֮Ƭ֮еĽŻɢȥ
Ϣʧˣ
ħkǶˣ
Ȼһ˶ûлúݶ
εʥ̫ײˣ

һֱעսĺڷħĴħһս֮ƯŵквһĨ֮ɫ
ħkǶϵĿֲǿߣÿһ𶼾ͨطɱҲϡ档˶ɱֶΣֱƿֲǺڷħĴħɵˡ
ʱԲڹ֮Уһһֲޱȵ籩
硢桢ˮĸԪӰֱӸ֣ĵֱûڡ
ޱȵӡ֮и֣һɱһ˿켶겨
죡Ȼ׳Ϊһǿߣ
ǿ£ھ˿ֲ֮󣬻˭Ķ֣
һ죬ֻ»һԿͷĹ
ʮʥ֮УҲһϯ֮أ
εʥһʱ⣬ˣ

ԶΧ۵ĺڷħĴħһĻӿһ˿˿⣬ʮֹϣʩչطźڷħ֮ȥ
һͷǿһħʥԼЩǿǲͷ߾ǰΧˣ޷赲
ͬһʱ䣬ʿڵ档
֮УȻһһֲޱȵ籩
ģӡǻ֡
Ӵޱȵۣһֱûӡ֮С
ӡһɱ䣬һŤ仯Ϊһö汾оųƵİ
ǰһӡһͣʿ΢΢һֱܼӽΪһ4档
ʿ汾Դ־ҲŴ֮еϵĽ
֮ٴνˣ
һνףkͳΪǿߣ
죡̫ˣ

ʿ֮УЩλ涥ĵǿǿֲޱȵ籩жһĨ֮ɫ
ʵĲʿܼҲڲϵѾԶԶԽ˹棬ﵽ˶ˮƽ
ĸ޵аĵѾӵгߵǱֻҪܹںһ֮ͿԳΪһߡ
ʿ綼εУĵ߽㡣һ߽㣬ȴkǵĽ·һ
ʿЩǿ治ϵĽףҲһּ尾
κһ֮еĵߣû֮սĻᣬߴڵ֮½㡣
ΨҶİԵӣȻҲԼı֮УߵĴڡһвǿҲпܱ˶߻ҵֱɱ
ڷħ
ȻſһǴ˷۶Ŀֲһ£һޱȵ켶Ŀֲϯķ
ڽˣĿǰʵȽڷħѹ֮󣬾Ϳͼıҹħˣ
˫ۣޱȵӡ˫֮и֣һΧŵŤȫʧ
ǹŤʧζƿشﵽһӿֲޱȵľ硣
Դ֮ĽṹѾʼǰָǵĽṹתȻһҪĵԴҲͬǿߵİٱϡ
΢΢һΣֱӻص콢֮С
ӴޱȵĻеȻָֿ֮£ڷħɨȥ
ڷħеŵڻ֮ɪɪħ嶼ѡ˳棬Ϊĸӹ
εʥһĹλ֮ϣһһͷɫ޳ףɢһŮͨɱʵǿߡһǿ߾εʥһʱεʥ
εʥǰһ̵̣һߣһһͷ췢ĻԸУ˫޳һ«ľɫŮ
֮УÿһӶһǳӵǻ顣ÿһײһ𣬶൱ǳ֮ڷɱֵԣһ
̣Ǹ߸ϵǻնԾȤ
췢ŮȻ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ţ澹Ȼնɱ˹ĵһıħ򡢺ڷħƿССһ˲𣡣ʧˡ


1524 εʥ
һͷɫľɫ˾εʥ֮оͷ˻Ļ෢ħŮkҲεʥһʥ
εʥʥ෢ħŮεʥ֮гε漫֮⣬Ȩߵˡ
εʥʧ㣬ô˵
෢ħŮֻ֪͵ԭۣ֮նɱ˹ĵһѹħĹѫѾԽԭ֮ۡ⣬һεӦþˡ
εʥû֮ǰȷʵԭۣ֮ΪӵнΪͷҵͬеǱΪεʥʥԽǿҲԽˡ
෢ħŮЦǻ˴˵֮жıأѵͲģ
ħ֮˿٣ʵ˿ֲεʥͽ˸׳졣
ᶼıʧ֮Ҳû֮ǰ˶ص鱨ֱӷ˳ȥ
εʥȻһЦΪεʥĺ֮һӵл֮صʸ񡣡
֮Уǿƣ֮ʷ֮УҲ
ÿһ˶õ֮ıأֱ𣬳Ϊһ
ͨˣεʥ⽫Էնɱɱ˶ᱦѾһǿߣεʥĺ֮һʵǿᣬλߣѾʸӵ֮ıء
෢ħŮ֮һĨ֮ɫ̫ʥʥѾһִ֮εʥǿ߽ʲô㣿
ʥεʥͬһĴʥҲһ֮硣
ʥǰεʥȻΪεʥӡ
εʥԭ֮۵kٻأǿ˭ܹʤʥεʥһε
෢ħŮȻһЦ⣡
ڷħһԴܵԴ֮ܳУһˣ档
Դ֮ܳиԴԴϵӿڣꡣ
ǴӺڷħ֮ѹιĸԴԴϵķڣֱգҽ
еһûڣֱʧҽ֮˫ۣһ˿˿ֲޱȵĹâ˫֮һš
ЩԴȫڷħ̫ƶˣҪ취Χħͳͳ
һĨâӿɭޱȵɱ
ڷħħıħħԴḻԵǿߵħ򡣿֮ѾħĻһա
Ҫٽͱħ֡
üͷ΢΢һ壺ģħ򣬾ͻħʥľ䡣п֮ע⣡
ѾǿߣȫĿһͷһ֮Ҳû˿ʤ㣬ܹҲѾҡ
Ŀҿʩչط仯Ϊ̬ĹǱħʥ죬ɱϵħ壡ҵʵ
ڴʱ˵ܹͷȻáǿ־ܹɱҪɱһͷȷأû̫İգѡħ֣֮ߡ
ʱ֮һɫֻâ΢΢һһɫĹâֱûС
ǰεʥĻᣬһ֮˭ܹʥܹΪµεʥ
һĨâϵķǰħʥɱħǿߵĴ㡣ǰħʥɱħǿߣΪҪԴεʥؽῪֻͷܹʥȻûᡣ
֮һ֮΢΢һεʥĴʹ֮ڡ
ӭޱȣ˫֮ȴŸޱȵɫ棬ּˣ
ʱȻϲ˵ȴΪѰ·Ƕ̶̲ǧ꣬澹ȻѾΪ˹ѫ֮ϵĵһˣĵһӺУȻгӣǰͽᡣ
΢΢һЦ׵þò
ʥҪټ㣬
΢΢ͷػȣһ֮ڡ
һǴ֮ڣĵһϡ
˳ĵߵķȥͿʥ֮硢ԭ֮֮ۡԼǶλ֮ϣϵεʥ
εʥһ񣬲ʥˣ
εʥ֮У˵ĹѫߣʵǱҲǿټǰҪǽεʥʥһ¡һ֮˭ܹʥܹΪεʥһ
εʥ֮еĸֱ䣬ǶʹãǿȴӶ˽أҲƻЩĵرĸ֮⣬ûлʥ֮еľͷɣǶܹλͷ
ϣεʥֳһɫȨȣһָ
һɫĴ֮˲佫֡
һŤĹâ֮УֱӴԭʧ
һ˿˿Ťޱȵҫһ³һ硣
εʥʥأȻ
Χһۣʱ۾һ
εʥ֮У洦ɼָ֮ϣ
ǵ֮ϣ˸ޱȵĻ䣬ÿһ仨䶼伶ı
ǿ֮Ũޱȵ㱾Դ֮κһ߼ǿߣֻҪεʥϼ꣬ͿԺںһ֮㡣
εʥ֮УһɳӶ֮Ϻòϡ
εʥشǳһۿȥޱ޼ʣֻһſ̫֮УůޱȵĹԡ
εʥϷһſ̫εʥ֮һͷסĹ
ڳһۣһâĸֱӷȥ
εʥ֮˵һԵû˻˷ʱ
ʼɣ
۾һһ⣬һͷһԴγɵĴ֮УһɺڶǼ޾Դܡ
һ˿˿ռ֣ʥ߼Ĳɼֱӷɳεʥصһſȥ
Ǵ֮УһС󣬱ԽԽ޴ˮֱա
Ȼ֮䣬һѣصӡ֣һƬƬԴγɵĺˮû˴֮УɵԴܡ
˺ԴܣṹҲɱԽԽ
Щ̻˲ϵĽժһֲޱȵ֮Уֱɣøӿֲ
֮Ǵ֮оͳһһеУ󺣶ʼ½
ʮ֮һƬԴγɿʮߵĴ󺣾ͱֱһա


1525 Ե
εʥأ̹Ȼ񣡣һ죬൱һϡ
صӡҫ·һֲޱȵһһУϷγһֲޱȵС
ЩԴγɵĺЧʱȽϸߣ
һſ̫һۣе̰֮ɫһţ΢΢һΣһһƬԴ֮ȥ
֮䣬ͿԽһԴ֮Ϸ
һԴ֮࣬һޱȵķ籩Դ֮ϯ
޾ķ籩룬һʥϢ΢绷ʥ֮ϡ

濿Դ֮һ˲䣬ʥ֮һ˫ۣһĿֲϢֱӱȵ
һɲ֮䣬Դ֮һڣ·ŭ޾նɱߵʥȻͬһ㣬նȥ
Ŷ㾹ȻƣѰ·
Ŀ֮һƬĮһ̤޾ı֮С
֮⣬һ¸ֳһؿֲޱȵŤһʣͽʥ֮ķ׽顣
һֱʥ֮ǰһȭգᴩһʥ֮ȥ
棬
ʥ֮һĨŭ֮ɫʮƬʥϢ̺һ˿˿֮ëֱӷɳ
ʮƬʥϢ̺һ˿֮ëһǧǰһΪʥ֮ë
ʥ֮һʥĴУһ·׳ΪǿߡʮƬʥëʥ֮ĵƣѾkƳΪ֮Ϊkնɱǿĵˡ
صķ֮ʮƬë֮ţʮƬͬһë໥һγһѾ񵶣˺Ѳ񷣬ֱնȥ
ǾһնԴ֮Ϊ֮ڣ޾Դֱӳȡγһ˺ѲĿֲУնȥ
ǲ֮ϧΪ֮ˣ̫ˣ
Ŀ䣬һǳֱӸ֣ײһֲޱȵĵ֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһֲޱȵĵбһȭ飬һǳ˳ƺʥ֮֮ϣһȭͽʥ֮ɳʮ֮ң
ʥ֮һѪ֮֯γһһصķ磬һٴη磬ŵֵסһȭܡ
ʥ֮Ķ棬Ų֮ɫǿôôǿŸոս죡Ѿʮˣôܸһ֮ܵң
ʥ֮ԴӻʥĴ֮󣬼Ǻɨͬǿߣ֮ܵСһ·˳˳ˮھȻһȭܣԵkĴΪ޴
ܹһȭмֱ£һУҾɱ㣡
ɨʥ֮һۣһ䣬ֱӳԴ֮УԴ֮ĿֲԴܡ
ʥ֮һĨɵ֮ɫԥһᣬһ̾Цһ£˼սͷһΣһԶȥ
εʥΪпᣬֻҪڹ֮ڣʥ֮类ɱεʥҲᴦ档
Ȼʥ֮磬һԴܺ档ʥ֮ٹȥɱεʥҲ׷ΡȻһʼͻɱʥ֮磬εʥҲԻϳ档
֮һƬԴܺͱһա
΢΢һΣֱӴԭʧһԴֱܺӷȥ
ǿȻ˽ɰزǿֲ
һ˿˿ҫʥ֮֮߳Ǽһ߼ʵľ޴󺣹һĨ֮ɫ
ʥ֮ɫһࡢһףͷҪԴܺҲҪһϵʱ䡣Ȼֻ죬ͽԴܺɣȻʵֻѾԽһͷ
ʥ֮绹ս˼ǿһԴܺһգս˼ȫϨ
Ӧǻ֮ռݵԴܹܺ˸һù뻹о
ʥ֮ʧķһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢һΣǸȥ
һ޾׹ֵԴ֮УԴҺֱӷɵ֮Уûһ֮ڣתΪһ̺׵׹⣬û˻֮׵ڡ
һ˿˿΢΢һԴ֮ıԵ

Դ֮룬֮˫ۣԵ
Դ֮׹ҫ·Ϊŭ񱩡
ԶһĻʥ֮磬Ƥ΢΢һ飬·𿴵ԼĹȥ
ɣ
Ŀ䣬һֱ̤ǳ׹Դ
ΧŵŤһԴ֮е׹ͳͳɡ
һȭһǳȻ֣һ׹⣬Ż֮׺ȥ

֮˫֮â׹ڵk֮н֯γһսףһ̺ŻϢĿֲ׸һ³ڵkС
֮׻Ӹһնһɺɫ׹Ȼ֣һ֮󣬻ӰֱӸ֡
һɱһУһеĺɫ׹֮նȥ
һſԻһеǳ˲ײǺɫ׹֮ϣ׹֮˲飬˳ƺڻ֮׵֮ϡ
ǻ֮һ±ɳʮ֮ԶһıƬѪ񷡣

ĮƳ˻֮һۣһ⣬һͷԴ֮ܺУԴܺ㱾Դ
֮׵ɫһһףȻһ̧ͷԶʥ֮翴ȥҧгݵʥ֮磬ҲУ
û
һ΢紵ʥ֮ͳڻ֮ǰ
֮࣬˫ȭգҧΪʲôң
ʥ֮΢΢һЦҾãӦֻһôù
֮ĿһĬһص֣ʤ㣿
ʥ֮絭ûκʤ㣬
֮һ̾Ȼǿزô˵һͷδĶˡ
ʥ֮Ҳ΢΢ͷ
֮׺ʥ֮綼ľǿߡkκһ˶ܹСͷһ澹Ȼܹ׵ĻܵkǣҲζʵѾﵽͷĳ̶ȡ
ʥ֮ȻҪҪһԭۣ֮
֮׵Ҿ˵ùҵ泩һЩ
һۣĬһЦ˼֡
һ֮һһ߼ʵԴͱֱɴ
΢΢һΣԭʧһԴȥ
һҫʥ֮硢֮׳Ѿһ޴صԭԴϷ
֮׿Ǿ޴أһĨɵ֮ɫһʱͰԴˣǿ£


1526 ʥʥ
ʥ֮绺µǣһһԴʱ䡣
֮ɫ䣺ô˵ô̵ʱ֮ڣѾôǿˡǿ£
֮׵εʥ֮еľţÿһ˶ӵпͷĿֲɾһƬԴkȫҪΪλʱ䣬澹Ȼܹ֮Դֱ졣
µĽٶȻڲϵǿֽٶȼֱ˾
ʥ֮ĬһᣬҲпܳΪֵһ֮
֮ܣ֮ƣǿꡣУֳҵŲܹ֮һûСļҲ޵ʥܽ׳Ϊ֮
Ͼͷͷ֮УַΪͨͷʥͷ޵ʥͷΡ
֮ͷʵҲԨ֮޵ʥͷЩ֮ĲһkնɱߣӡǱ飬䡣
ʥ֮â˵û
һ˿˿ҫʥ֮硢֮ǿߴԭʧ
һƬԴ֮У޾ĺڰԴ֮ϣԴ֮ȫڱΡ
һŤĿֲϢԴ֮һֲֻޱȵħͶӰԴ֮ϷɢѹһУһеĿֲŤ
һӰ΢΢һ֮߳Դ֮Ϸ

Դ֮룬ԭ֮ĺǳ֮
ʥ֮硢֮ǿƤһ飬һۣ¶һ˿Ц
ɣ
Ŀ䣬ӡһȭֱӺһǳֱӸ֣û޾ĺڰŨ֮УǺڰŨֱ˺ѡ

޾ڰŨ֮У˫۽յԭ֮һ˫ۣͫڵk˫֮и֡
ˡаħֲȻ֣ޱȵγһֻɫľħۡ
Ǻɫľħһͣһ޾ڰħ֣·Խ˳޾ĺڰ֮С
һħ磬ԭ֮۵ԭ磬ǵkķĵرƶɵ磬ǿһûԭ֮ڣҲᱻֱʴΪԭ֡
ͷҲ׵ԭ֮ڡ
ԭ֮ײֲطħ磬гʮǿԭ֮гΪԭ֡
һɫħԭ֮ӿ΢΢һˢһǳֱˢǸԭ֮ڡ

һĨâ
һɲ֮䣬һǳһ˲ֱըѿֲޱȵӲĽԭһ
ԭ֮ڣһ³˸ָѺۣƬѪҺ
ԭۣ֮㾹Ȼܹסһ˲𣡿ϧ㻹̫ˣҹɣ
һǳٴδ޾ĺڰ֮и֣˺Ѻڰ˲ԭ֮۵֮ϡ
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һ춯صľ֮Уԭ֮һ¸ֳŤڰĹ硣
һǳһײԭ֮۵ϣһ˲ͽԭ֮ϵĽһ飬ԭֱ֮ӱɳʮ֮ԶһıƬѪ񷡣

ĮƳԭ֮һۣһһͷԴ֮УԴ֮и־ޱȵ
ԭ֮ۿʧķɫһࡢһףĿ΢΢һתʥ֮硢֮ϣҧΪʲôǲң
ʥ֮΢΢һЦΪ˵ù˵ùҪ˼öࡣ
֮Ҳ΢΢һЦͷ泩ࡣ
֮Уԭ֮۵ʵǿҲΪʥ֮绹ǻ֮׶k˳ۣkܹùҲʮָˡ
ԭ֮һеķŭѹ£֣һսΣ
ʥ֮絭һ֮ڣͽһƬԴֱ
һ죡
ԭ֮۶ʱһںʮ塣
һһƬԴֻ֮ԼһЩ޵ʥܹõܹһһƬԴʵֻѾͷ
ԭ֮۳Ĭһᣬһ̾һɫĹâԭʧǰĵطѰһԵ
ʥ֮硢֮ǿһۣҲԭʧ
һƬԴܼٶʧ֮ԴѾֱɡ
һɫĹâһһԴȥ
棡ÿٶȣ
һԴʥ֮ոտʼͿ˴Զ棬ʱһֻܹҧԭ뿪
һͷԴ֮ڣԴ
һƬһƬԴֱʥ֮ǿҲֻܹϵԼ֮أǱ֮
֮һɫĹâһһƬԴͱһա
ţʲôˣ
һƬԴ֮󣬾ͿԴıԵվһߴԼһңò崿ɰһͷڷ˫ͬıʯȴûһ˿СŮ
ʥصʥ飡棬ʵѾͷȻȲʥǿߣͷ֮УҲǿߣʸʥ֮
εʥصʥƽһ˿鲨һ֣һɫĹâһ֮ϡ
һâһʹԭʧһ޴󣬳޾ɫԵĿռ֮С
һ޾ɫԵĿռ֮Уһǧͬģ͵һԲصӡԲ渡֣ȡһ˿˿汾Դ֮
һǧ棡ͷʹ汾Դ֮ôֱʣεʥ֮ƿص
һĻһĨ֮ɫһ·Žʿ硢ħ硢ǳ硢Ĵ棬Ĵ汾Դܹ׵һ
εʥ֮УЩͷȻȡ汾Դֱ֮졣
һǧ涼ܼΪ1棬ȡ汾ԴҲû˵ˣֶҲ죡
һĨ֮̾ɫӡҫһɺڶһǧ汾Դ
֮Ǹռ֮е汾Դͱһգһâ΢΢һ㱻͵һռ֮ڣǸռ汾Դ
漫ʥεʥܲεʥ֮УһһͷɫĿ࣬òڳ֮ţΧĻ
ӵ󣬸һǡһŶһǵľɫˡһǿŮţëεʥ֮ҲǺȺ˵Ŀ⡣


1527 ʥ
εʥǵŮÿͣ
ӱľܾ˼εʥǵŮڨ֮󣬻һЦ
ǣԸеľɫŮһεʥɲΪģ
ʥȻһЦ֪ȣεʥҲֻԭ֮΢еʵǾεʥȫһµʱ䣬ҲӵгԽҵ
ʥ΢ЦǶôãӵҪһģǲܹƾõ֮Уá򣬻پãʲô壿
Ŷһ㳤ǣĸԸľɫŮһݵ˵е
Ⱥ֮Уһһͷɫ̷ŸƷԵʮ־ľɫŮʥǰεʥʥ̴ӳʥ
ã
ʥºһЦһ˿˿ص֮лһٱϡ
Χǧ֮ڵεʥǵŮĿⶼ鲻Խıʥ
Ŀ⵭Įһ
һֲޱȵɫâҫǷԲǧ֮εʥǵŮϣЩεʥŮͳͳɡ
룡
ʥһĨȤ΢ЦȤŮˣһûмôȤŮˣҵŮô
Ϊܹ֮Ϊεʥʥ˵Ļɣ
Ŷ޵ľɫŮüһôĿ
ʥºһЦɯһλС㣬Ӧε漫߹£񣡡
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֮߸ϣѹ硣kˣ޵Сͬ׵֮⣬߶ɱһ֮
ÿһ֮ӵãУֻЩܹΪߵòŻΪ֮ˣֻЩϵǿߣܹΪӡ
ε漫ĵ߸ŮλߣǰɯܹĴڡ
룡
ʥ΢΢һЦεʥȥ
εʥܲʥ
ʥεʥһεʥ
εʥ
ʥϯ£ɯǿǾս
ʥºһЦεʥǰεʥҪεʥλ򲹽֡д裬ʶһεʥط
̫ʥ졢ʥ졢漫ʥʥΪʥ죬ڶԿߴʥʱ֣Ǹʱ໥֮ȴݣս
֮ǰ̫ʥ벨ʥйֲսһЩλ졢λĿȨ
ʥһȷ֮һ㶼ǰʥ죬Щֵսһλ졢λΪעҲĬϵλ졢λ֧ȨһֶΡ
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εʥһĨŹ֮ɫ΢΢һЦֳȨһָһɫĴ֮΢΢һĴǿһ³ڴ֮ڡ
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һ֣λ֮ϵεʥԼ֪ʲôʱֵĳ෢ħŮһ
λӦþεʥԭ֮ۡʥ֮硢֮ס棡λΪע˭һս
ʥ΢΢һЦֱ˴룬ˣг˰
һ
ʥ֮һĨŹ֮ɫЦ
֮ҲһЦҵƽˣ
ԭ֮Ŀ΢΢һҲһĨŹ֮ɫ
εʥ棬ȥʥһսλ쾧Ϊע
ǣʥ
Ҳֱߵ롣
ʥĿ΢΢һ棬˵˶ıأģ
浭ȻһЦ£
ʥĿ˸棬ǲĴһ㡣Ѿѹħıħ򡢺ڷħˣħҡʤˣҾ͸ȼͬĽΣ
浭ãʥȻ˺ˬҪأҾˡ
εʥֳһɫȨȣŴһָ
ɫĹâû֮УһɫĽǶֱӸ֣ɫĽǶ֮صӡʥǿ߽֣ҲԴݻһɫĽǶ
ʥȻһЦһ̤ǸǶ֮С
΢΢һΣҲûǽǶ֮ڡ
ǽǶ󣬿֮󣬲ŷ֣һǶһ棬ԿǳԼһǿա
棬ʶһʥľطʥ
ʥȻһЦкâ΢΢һüһ¸ֳһصӡ
ֲޱȵֱ֮Уγһ峤ߴؿڿ׶˫ۣԹĿֲˡ
һؿڿ׶Ŀֲˣʥһ֮е֮
ʥǻʥĴУһ·죬׳Ϊһ֮
ʥҲʥ֮һطһ·졣
һʥӰһ֣һ˿˿ֲޱȵ֮ѹϯķ
κʵͷĴڣᱻʥѹѹȣϵʵ



ʥؿڵ׶֮Уһ´һëȻĹ֮һޱȵϯȥ
˲һŶط˻ռ䡢ʱ䡢ˡٶȡӰ塣˲𣡣ϧң
浭ȻһЦкâһֱӺһ̺ŻһǳȻ֣һһƬտޱȵ֮С
ǿտޱȵ֮УһҫʥӰֱӸ֣̽צһץץȥ
¡
ǽǶ֮Уһ±һɿֲޱȵıըʥӰֱըѣ顣
һǳݺݵײʥ֮ϣʥķ磬kֱӺɳ֮Զ
ʥ֮Цһ
֮סԭ֮۶һĨЦ⡣kǶǱֱɱܣڿǰʮʥҲֱɱж˳졣
һ˿˿ҫͬ˲һ㣬ʥǰһָʥü֮ϡ
صӡһӡһûʥڣӡʥ꣬ŵk㱾Դ
ס֣䣡
ʥһĨɬЦһ£ϵǵkִⲻ䣬ͻ˳µɵk㱾ԴԼһ
ϧ
һĨϧ֮ɫ΢΢һΣһº˳


1528 εʥ
ô
ɯһĻ֮Ų֮ɫ
ʥǴʥ֮ӱ֮еšھѾԿһЩͷӵн׳ΪʥǿߵĿֲǱʡ
ڳΪʥ֮ʥϡԴڵkϣkʵһ˼ĵزս֮󣬻ʥ⡣ڽȭʥѾУֱ˷˼
֮ҲһĨ֮ɫһ
εʥʥֳɫȨһָһεŽǶһա
â΢΢һʥǽǶ֮ʧڴ֮ڡ
˲𣡣棬أ
ʥһĨâָһһö̺ŸĽɫˮһֱûУȻصԼλ֮ϡ
ս֮һʢεʥһƫ֮ٿ
ʢ֮У߶εʥϵǿߣŮ洦ɼ
ʥԼģÿһ˵߶Χˡ
֮εʥ
εʥֳһֻɫˮһˮֱֽǩԼĴȻݸһԵĳ෢ħŮ
ϧˣʵҲԭ֮ǸСӣϧk̫ˣ
෢ħŮһĨϧ֮ɫһˮֽ֮ǩԼ֡
ڳ෢ħŮǩԼ֮һˮֽһųޱȵĹâʧ
ʥӽεʥ棡֮󣬽ʽ䣡
һϢһεʥֱ֮Ӵεʥĸ֪Ϊεʥ
ʲôȻΪεʥ
ԭ֮𣿡
Ȼǵk

εʥΪ֮𶯡
εʥӵмȨƣһ仰ͿԾһλǻˡ
漫ʥ춼ʼεʥܲǰ
ʱţת˲š
εʥܲĵǰεʥλ֮ϣڵk·
֮飬˽֮λ
Ŀһţ˽֮λ

һһԸ׷һȻڸԵϯλ֮¡
ʥħᾧһţ֮λ
һʥϴº͵ЦݣkߵŮǿһ̤˴֮ڡ
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ϧǵkУҲֻ֧У

һĿ⼯ʥϳʥϢѾ漫ʥ죬ǸҲû뵽kȻ
߼飬֮λ
һһɫβ޳˫ۣòףһŮͨɱʵǿһ̤˴֮ڡ
ӣkһǰѾΪӣɲ⣡
kҲˣ
εʥϵһ㣬໥֮㲻СkȻ֣

ڳ쿴ͻأֵӣжһĨĹâ
εʥ漫ʥӵ֮ػͬԵޱȣ໥֮ͻϡǻʥǿһԻԻɱӾȻǰȻʮϡ档
Ͼ֮һţ֮λ
һޱȵһΣͷȴֻһֻ飬˫֡˫šؿڸһֻħһ̤˵֮ڡ
һɿֲŤľ֮⹬֮

þ
һûϣ죬

һǴ֮д󲿷ֵдһЩʵ֮йâһ׼ɱ
ߣ
λ֮ϣεʥһһʥĿֲѹֱϯǾɨһۣһɺεɱϯ
ӵȻһЦһɹŤľ֮һա
Ǿõӡ
ǿ£
εʥͬһĴ

Ǵ֮еĸʱָѣ亹ֱžӣг˺¡
ħʥ֮ĿֲǾ֮Ҳһ֮Ŀֲǿߡ
˵֮Уһʵͷֱȫʢʱھ֮ʱҲоֱɱ
棿ǾõӣҪһսעǰħˣһжҡˣҵһж㡣ɸһս
ǾĶ棬¶һ˿Ц⡣
һһĿⶼϣҪӦԡ
Ǿ֮ĿֲƣǿꡣǾ֮еǿҲһŤһȺӡ
ħʥӣԲҹһǰεʥĴӪսһʥӡ
ɱ˵k
ӣ

Ǵ֮ڣһ
εʥʥһĻüͷ΢΢һ塣
ս֮նɱõӣ̫鷳Ǿõӹս棬һεʥնɱԻõķ񱨸
εʥѾħʥħΪУȴҲԵ޹ʱ÷񱨸
ãҴӦˣ
ǾӿһֱۣŴȥ
εʥüͷ΢΢һֳɫȨһָһɫĹâҫܹͷսĽǶֱӸ֡
صӡҫһֱӸ֡
һ縡֮󣬳֣֮ʥǿҪǸ綼ķʱ
һЦֱӻһûǽǶ֮ڡ
һҲֱӽ˽Ƕ֮ڡ
棬޴Ȼҽս̫޴ˣ
һЦһɢһŤĹ첨˫ֵһſ
һ֮ʮֹĳ֮УǾ֮УһǧǾ֧֮ӵ߼ľ֮ūֱӸ֣ʩչֹɱطֱӺȥ

Ŀ䣬ֱһһȭһǳֱӸ֣ѹһУһ֮С
һһǧ߼ľ֮ūһըѿ֮Ҳһֱ֮ӱ
ǿֲޱȵǳݻ˾֮Ӻ󣬹ᴩһУھӵϣһͽǾӺɳʮ
ƬѪǾӵ֮ҲǾӵ֮б񷡣
ǿ
棡εʥ̫ǿˣ
ÿ£

ڳһĻжһĨ֮ɫ


1529 ͷľ֮ū
Ȥ棬ǿǿǣǿˣͳͳҪ
ӻ֮УһëȻĹЦ֮ӵk˫֡ؿ֮Уһ·ɳ顣
һըѿһ±һһħһֱըѿ仯ΪһͬһĹħһžŸʨͷϳһѪɫڵħ
ͷĿֲѹħ֮
ͷ
ͷ
ôܣôӵͷľ֮ū
ⲻܣ

Ǵ֮У쿴ͷͷħһĿɿڴԼ۾
ͷǿ߾ʮʥ֮Ҳǿߣһĵ̣һĸ
εʥ֮УЩͷҲһ߸ϣײβ
ÿһͷǴ֮й֮еĹ콾֮е콾ӵƣѻɱ
ӾȻӵͷ֮ūֱ˲
Ҫɱ棡
ĳɳٶ̫ˣ
ȻϧۣͷƳΪ˾֮ū͸˾ӣǿ£

ڳ춼ǱܿͲµΪʲôͷľ֮ū֡
棬ˣ
ӷһëȻЦݣһ֣һֱߴǧ׵ҪֱӸ֡
ӾҪ֮УĿһС
һħĿ䣬һ˸ǰ̽צһץ޾ľֱ֮ץȥ
һĨâһȭһǳֱӸ֣ѹһУħֱӺȥ
¡
֮Уһ³һֲޱȵŤ󶴣ֲĳ˷ɢȥ
һħֱӱɳҲֱ˳
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üͷ΢΢һ壬ָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣һһһޱȵֱС
ɣ
ɣ
ûϣģԶҲûϣ׳Ϊ֮

һĸɺڶֱӴһ˲䡣
һ˲䣬Ǿͷʨħһ³ǰŸʨͷֱſҲһҧ
˫һ˲һĨ֮ɫһʱֱӸ֣һŤԭʧ
ǾŸʨͷպݺһҧ£ռŤ˴ңƬѪֱ񷡣
һģ֮У۱ҧϵһ˲ƳھǰһȭֱӺһҪ֮ϡ
¡
Ҫ΢΢һһֱӱӡҪ֮ϸֱ֣ա
Цûõģ棬ҪһͷҲҪһٶβܹƻһᶼûУעҪ
ħ񡢾ͷʨħħͷħֱӷʩչֹɱطȥ
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ǿϧʵѾͷϧôǿҲͷ֡
һΣˣ
ӹȻݶ

һĿ⼯ǽǶ֮Уϧ
ʵۣǾȻĶ֡ǾӽͷתΪԼľħū൱ڶͷĴ֣ټǷ˵ҪѾȫڲ֮ء
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ʥδأ
ɯһͷΧôܻʤ
ʥȫûηͿ־˼Ҳζţввֻһ鷳ˡ
ɯϸһ֮Ĺâѵ˵Ի֣
ʥ֪һԼĵƣ
Ƕ֮ڡ
汻ħ֮һ·ɳһ˿˿Ѫ֮е䡣
ӣȻħūȴе㱾¡ֵҶȫɱ㣡
кâһϡסâҫһ±ռ̬
һףս׸ǣһԻе֮Ť֮Уֳһɫ޽սʿ֮С
ԴԴϵ֮ǡס֮ӿûڡ
סȥǿ֮ϧĲϱǿ֮Ҳĳ̶ȣռ̬Ҳֻܹǿҵս
ǡסȫ֮صӡÿһѪ⡢֮и֣һɿֲޱȵ֮
һӰ΢΢һǾͷʨħһ³ǰſŸʨͷݺݵҧȥ

Ŀ䣬һն£һɫĽâ˲նǾͷʨħϡ
Ǿͷʨħϵĸַ綼һ˲飬Ҳֱķѣһͻأɺڶֱɡ
ɱ
һͷľ֮ūɱˣ
Ǿĵƣ
ǿ

Ǵ֮Уһ´󾪺֮
ǾͷʨħһͷǿߣһЩͷҪǿ澹Ȼܹһնɱͷʨħ൱һնɱһСͷ
ѳԣ
Ǿͷʨħ֮üͷ΢΢һ塣ǾͷʨħıԴ֮Źޱȵľ֮ҪתΪޱȵ֮ҲҪһʱ䡣
ֻҪնǣҾͿٽһӣл㣬Ϊҽ̤ʯ
֮һŤģһɫĽӰ˺Ѳ񷣬ԽʱգֱնĹħ֮ϡ
ǻĹħֱӱһΪͻأֵɺڶֱɡ
ܣôܣ
ǾӼһĻһŤһëȻ˺ѷεĺ֮
һħһģͬ˲һıһצȥ
һɫĽâֱӸ֣ħһնһħֱն顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ħֱɡ
棬㾹Ȼɱҵˣ㾹ȻɱҵľħūôǾͬھɣ
ǾŤһЦһֱըѡ
ҪҲһ˲ֱӱһŤޱȵĹâǾϣһʸ˺գֱȥ


1530 նɱ
Ǿľֻ֮ȼ㱾Դܹ۳ļʸ
Ƿˣһʩչطkˣ㱾
ӣķ࣡
һΣˣ

Ǵ֮⣬ǸǼһĻжһĨâ
һһȼӡǷһӵвͷĿֲ
ȼһγɵľʸͷܹشǻɱ
ǹľʸŤʱգһ֮⣬ʮͻأʧ˲Ƴǰ
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ˣ
ƴһƽˣ
ʲôط
ǿ

Ǵ֮У΢΢һ㶣һ֮˿ǽǶ֮е涼˾ηͼɵ֮ɫ
ɯһʧеôܣǿǾȼһʩչĹطͷҲܵסôܵסһôɣ
ʥһĨ֮ɫɣӦþյǿɱطѾ޽ӽʥ
ĿҲһĨһ»ָƽ
εʥһ֣һɫĹâҫһǶֱʧ
ǽǶ֮صԼλ֮ϡ
Ǵ֮УһηޱȵĿⶼϡ
ͷħūնɱҲζӵնɱͨͷĿֲʵʮʥ֮УҲѾ˶ǿ֮С
ʽƽ˾ûκβ۵Ĵǰ档
Ǿޣʥ˰ŸĹܼҡҪܼң⼸֮ѡ
ǽ״֮һһͷ׷Ŀ࣬һ࣬Ʋӱǰ
һޣĿ΢΢һͷһͷǿߣεʥ֮ĴȻ԰ͷΪһĹܼң
ͷȫԳΪʮʥ֮桢ػ񣬵λޱȡҲֻεʥܹ֮һͷ𽵹󣬳ΪĹܼҡ
浭ˣɣ
΢΢һЦ
žεʥȥ
ԺסĹʥ
ھ޵Ĵ֮£εʥһߴ׵ľ޴󹬵֮ǰ
Ǿ޴Ĺ֮УޱȵӡΧԴܡ
ǹһֱĿֲһǾΧ֣ˮĴԪԴԴϵıһſֲޱȵľȡû·
һԪ֮ԪطˡԪȸԪǾΧơ
ͨһ͹ĵ·֮ϣվǧŮǧŮÿһߡ

ǧŮһ棬׷׹˵ϣ
΢΢һЦǴӽˣǵ趼һ֮䡣
΢΢ͷһͨǾ͹̨ף빬֮ڣ˹֮ϡ
ʥԱԼΪεʥܹԴ
վߣ΢΢һ㣬һɫĹâֱûε֮ڡ
1500һߡ800ߡ400ߡ100ߡ60ߡ30ߡ4ߡһɿֲޱȵֱĲӣƾ
ЩĵԴεʥ֧ʮλϹԴǻύ֧䡣
Ϊεʥÿһ궼һµʱԽεʥҲĹ׵һεʥʱ䡣
֮⣬ΪεʥӵȨεʥĸ֪ʶطӦ
濴εʥӵеȨ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ΪεʥһȻ߶ˣ
Ϊεʥ֮󣬾Ϳʼεʥ֮йڻеĸ֪ʶݿ֮ڣн
Ҳһ־˵ٶεʥΧ֮ɢ
ʱŰת˲š
ʥһ԰֮ڣʥǳս죬һſǳǻŲɱ
浭ףʲô£
ʱ䣬ʥѾΪѣ໥֮Ѿ໥ƺԷ֡
΢΢һЦ棬Ϊͻƣͷհɣ
滺û⣬ֻҪ꣬Ϳͻƽ׳Ϊͷ
ط漸ûϣ׳ΪͷϾͷҪӴޱȵԴҪͷҪͷİٱϡ
Ϊεʥ֮ϵţޱȵԴԴԴϵĻУа׳Ϊͷ
׻˵Ҳһݵʱ䡣棬ʲô鶼пܷǿҵȣ֮սʱҲͬϣֻܹ档
Ŵԣü֮ӿһ֮ս
֮ս֮֮䱬Ŀֲսϯսÿһ֮ս֮䣬Լ䣬൱ڴĺƽ١
ûʲô⣬εʥ䡣һ֮ս֮䣬͸Ĵڡ
֮ѾڣΪʲôᱬս
֮κϣεʥ֮жʮϡ٣ڹ֮СΪεʥʱԶԶȲ϶ף֪֮Ҳࡣ
׻ȻΪ˳Ϊ˵֮еʣ
һ棬˵֮Уһ֮Ĵڡ
˵֮еʶ䣬ҲζǵĴ֮⣬ӵиӿֲĴڡ
Щ֮Ǵ֮ѾûжȤΨһܹk֮սģֻнʵ׻
ʣ
Ŀ΢΢һһذָǡ
һذָǵǰǳԽ֮ĿֲڣkҲǴ˵֮еʡ
Ҳðָ̺֮ͷȨ֮󣬾ǰָǵ£֮֮
ܹ֮ʵı޼ָҴ󲿷ֶڸ֮УεʥʥҲûлԴĻᣬһ˿ᶼûС


1531 ήս
׻ǵԤԼԤԣһ֮սĵʽ罫һڳ֡ҲζţʱܻᱻȲ֮ս
һָһö̺ϢӡֱӸ֣һ˿˿ҫ
̺һ˿˿Ϣӡ֮УҲԼоһ˿˿ֲʹΣա
һֱʿ磬ʿߡҲлܹһε֮սһҲ൱ڷ˽֮ʵĻᡣ
ʿڵȻٴνһܼ漫ʥȫܹȡǻصʿڵ棬һ꣬ҲͻƣΪһͷ
ʲôð취ͻƿͷ
׻ħʥ֮е˷һ֮սڿήսһս֮УҲӵҿٽ׳Ϊͷ
۾һήսǿή֮֮֮֮Ĵ֮ͬھսȷʵпǽͷ
֮ÿһ޵УɱĴڡܹɱkǵģͬҲֻ֮
Щ֮֮ײᷢսΪвЩһЩ֮Ҳǿ֮ͬھ
ήսԭˣԭǸطħ򣡡
˫֮и֣һ˲ħʥ鱨ɸѡܣһϢһ˳
֮УһԼ漫ʥ֮еͬҲħʥ֮ռ鱨
ûж׵ĳ֣Ǳħʥ֮дɱ䣬ӸԴԼʵ
һĨ֮ɫûǾħ򣡣
ãҴӦˣһǱήսֻ𣿡
׳ˣήս֮սΣء֮⣬ǿήս֮УҲпħʥǿߣԲܹ⡣
Ҳ΢΢ͷ
ħʥ֮ǿƣޱȣӵ֮
֮໥֮Ҳйϵ漫ʥֵ֮סħʥĽ
ʮʥ֮УħʥҲǿʥ֮һ
˵֮Ǵ浮ʱħʥ֮սս
֮Ϊ˸ħʥɱ䡣һ֮ս
ħʥ֮ÿһ𶼻˼֮ıأ־ղŽ֮
ڷħһһɽۡ
ʢӻǴ󣬾Ȼǵôã
һһ֮׵Ŀ΢΢һЦˣʢȷʵҵҪǿöࡣ΢ٵһЩҲǿߵȨңԼʱ䣬һӡ
λõˣ
֮һ˿˿ҫ֮߳ȻһЦ
΢΢һЦ棬Ϊһ£һλʢһλǲʥӷٿա
һĨâһǺã棡
ˣȻ˵ˣǾ߰ɣ
ʢĿ䣬ȡһźɫԼһ
һŤĹâʢ֮ϣʢһ±ΪһŤͬһͷһ㣬ͷ۵Ĺ
ٿ΢΢һЦԼ֮һöɫˮ΢΢һ
һɫŤĹâҫٿֱ֣һͷ°̬ħ
΢΢һЦȡһƬɫħҶԼüһɫŤĹâһֱӱһֱۣһβħ
ʢǿ߱ΪħɢҵĿֲϢkǱȻͬ·ͬĴڡ
ʢ棬Ƕھħеλħûкʵݣҿһ㣡һλһǧԴһߵħΣ
ʢǿƾޱȣ֮ͬжеkĻӵݣħʥ֮Ҳ⡣
Ҫ
浭ȻһЦһеһöɫˮ
ɫĹâ΢΢һһɫĹâ΢΢һһһͷ­ĶɲλħҲ
΢΢һЦǾħħ峤ģܸܹλ
Ŀ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ģȻ㣡εʥڣǽήսֶ˼ְգ
׵ǿߵǾħ֮УֻǿߣҲǾħе졣
ǷĵǾħ֮Уһǿħ峤Ҳһǿߡ
ǰ֮УΪͼıħʥ죬ҲĵĳֹΣնɱ˲ħʥǿߣУħ峤սƷ֮һ
浭ȻһЦһָһźɫֱӷɵ֮С
ޱȵӡҫһźɫֱӷɳ仯ΪһҳǶǵǾ޴
룡
浭ȻһЦ΢΢һΣһ·һǾ޴֮ϡ
׵ǿҲǾ޴
滺ήսڵĵطд򣬱һƬŻߣûκԴκ˶ɽ롣ǰǧħħʥǰռ˴򣬲κ˽롣
ʢЩǶ֪ǧħ峤һͷǿߡ֣ȫԽkնɱ
Ϊǧħƿ˿ήսڣײŻҵȼ˺
ȻԿһͨͷһǰǧħҲͬǾһвͻᱻֱѹ
΢΢һЦǷħǧħѵĹϵҿǧħ峤ǽήսkӦٸɵk١
׳ûܲòҪ֣һħʥħֻ֪øӼ֡
ħʥǿƣһ鱩¶ͻǿߡһ֮սȫὫʥ޵ʥħǿпܾ֮
һһ֮һ֮ս֮мֵսƷᱻkֱߡ
ٿ΢΢һЦȷʵˣնɱǧħ峤֮ߡ
ʢҲĿĬ
ħİħΧǿա
һͷħĴ򣬷ɵһƬǿ֮С
ֹǧħأ
ףȴ̬ʥ߼ǧħǿһ·˳ȵ
Ƿħ峤ǰǧħ峤
һĿֲϢħǰǧħǿѹȥ
ǰǧħʥһһѪ˵ϣһֵǣˣ
ħ峤
һǰħ֮дһɫĹâγһǿͨǧ߼ǧħǿվǿͨԵ΢΢ʹͷӭĵ


1532 Ǳήս
ħǵĹһһͷ­ǧħ峤λ֮ϣǽ֮е棬΢΢һЦҵѣͣңʲô£
浭Ҫήս
ήս
ǧħ峤Ŀ΢΢һĶ棬һĨɱ
֮սȻһͷ˵ʮգҲǾ޴ޱȵĻٺõѣҲᷭǧħ峤Ѿɱ
浭һЦ𼤶ҵѡˣħʥ˶֪ήս鱨һήս̵ܹĴڡ
ǧħ峤Ŀ˸պһЦ֮ͣõѡȻѾ֪˿ήսĴڣô˾͹ͬήսɣ
ھͽήս
ã
ǧħ峤һϵ
ħ룬һƬտޱȵĲԭ֮ϡ
ͣʲôˣ
ǧħ峤ŵʢˣĿ΢΢һ
΢ЦҴħʥ֮ĸ֣Ϊ˷ֹһЩӦóֵ⡣ȻΪۣҲ뽫Ǵήս
ǧħ峤㲻ң
浭һЦȻš飬ϲһ֡
ǧħ峤һֳһɫȨȣһָ
һɫħȨֱ֮û˲ԭ롣
һƬдеĲԭȻһŤһźɫϢӿһŤĿռѷֱӸ֣ŤĿռѷ֮Уһ˿˿֮ĿֲϢ
ǧħ峤ǿήսͣήսĴ֮սսս֮УӵĴ֮ͬҲŸΣաһУ޵ʥǿ߶䣬ȷҪ棿
浭ȻһЦǵȻħΪ׷ֶΣԼһûлԵܽ׳ΪͷҲҪȥƴһƴ
˵úãҾһ
ǧħ峤ȻһЦһ̤һռѷ֮ڡ
漸һۣҲһ̤ǿռѷ֮ڡ
ͣȻѾ֪˿ήսܣôȥɣ
һǿռѷ֮һŤĿռ䲨һ˵ϣͼֱӴ͵һڤڤĿռ֮ڡ
¼Ķ
ʢһĨŭɫһŭһ֣һöɫֱӸ֣һ֮ѹգǿռѷֱӶס
ҿ
ٿâһһӣĶԷֱ֮Ӹ֣΢΢һģ˺Ѳ񷣬һŻˣǿռѷżȶĵصȥ
ήսһϻļ̳ǰǧħ峤˫ӡҫɫ䣺⼸˸͵Ǵģôǿ󣿡
ֻܹٵ̳ˣ
ǧħ峤Ŀ˸Ǽ̳һۣһĨԥ֮ɫ
һ̳ᴩήս밲ħǵĿռѷ죬һ̳ݻ١ǧħ峤ͻᱻήս֮ڣǵkܹҵڶͨĿռѷ죬һᱻ
ήս֮УΣأ޵ʥǿﶼΣաǧħ峤һͨͷҲʲôϡ顣
һâҫǼֱ̳ӷɳ
һ³һϻս֮ϡ
ͣǱǸղһʱ嶯ˣµΪֹΣҿ⳥ʮ߼ħԴ
ǧħ峤ֱӳֵˣɫ΢΢һ䣬
ħԴԴħԼܹ۳ıҲħҪĶԴ
ħԴֵȼһһħһ۳һ1ħԴʮ߼ħԴ൱һǿʮ۳ħԴ
ʮ߼ħԴѾ൱ǧħһӵͷػǿħ弸ʮ롣
Ϊ㻹˱ȽϺã
ɱһţӡ֮и֣һ˲Ƴǧħ峤ǰ̽צһץǧħ峤ֱץȥ


ɣ
ɣ

һޱȵǧħ峤֮ڵkϵһ·ɳ仯Ϊʵͷſָһ
ˡϲáʹࡢȰʵγɵħ⣬ֱȥ

ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫһһ㡾ס֮ϡǡסһŤһ±仯Ϊһ޷ħ
ħħ֮ϣֱ䡢˾ųϡ
ˡϲáʹࡢȰʵʮͻأĳ֮ϣĥжٻһ˲䡣
ǧħ峤յǿɱһ֮ڣkͿԱΪʵͷ֣ʥͷ֮⣬û̫ǵkĶ֡
Ҳǧħ峤ֻнkͳͳɱܹkɱ
ɣ˷
ٿĿ䣬ӡҫһ±仯ΪһͷֲޱȵķˣſԷһĻ棬̽צһץǧħ峤һֱץȥ
ǧħ峤ѣֳһǿֲޱȵķɱһ
ӡ
ʢĿ䣬һ֣Ÿξֱӷɳһӡ֮⣬иգγһսһǧħ峤ֱӷӡһս֮С
ʥ
âҫһʥӰֱӸ֣ëȻĹ֮̽צһǧħ峤ȥ
ٿյǿ߽ǧħ峤ֱǣƣķҵħһ֡
ǧħ峤ʵǳҵԤϧôǿҲעҪ
кâһֱһգһ³ǧħ峤һ֮ǰ̽צһץһ·ǧħ峤зkֱӹᴩ
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǧħ峤Ĳֱɡ
㲻Ǹͣɰ壡εʥ棡
дǧħ峤һĨ־֮ɫһޱȵĲҽУ΢΢һΣâԶȥ
εʥʱնɱӵͷľ֮ūħʥ֮Զǧħ峤Ʋ͹ϵѡߡ
ȫʢʱҪߣҲסֻҵѣҲδ̫Сˣ
ɭһЦһʱⳤֱӸ֣һûʱⳤ֮ʧ
һɲ֮䣬ͳһǧħ峤ķ֮ǰһצǧħ峤ᴩһɺڶȻ֣ǧħ峤ɡ
һɲ֮䣬ǧħ峤Ѿôʱãã֮С


1533 Ť֮׷ɱ
̫ˣ
һŤģӰǧħ峤ǰ֣һֻɫֵĴһ´̳ᴩǧħ峤Ļ磬˵kڡ
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǧħ峤ȫɡ
һ˿˿ҫ֮߳ɺڶ֣ԶԶϵԴûڡ
һĨ֮ɫͷ㱾ԴζɱһֱɱɣҾܹ죡
Щͷ㱾Դ˵Ǵ֮ϧÿһͷײβҪȻʹڸϳҪɱkǼΪѡ
һɱͷ࣬ͻᾪʥ޵ʥͷǸǿߣܹĴڡ
λҪҳ֣
澲Ŀڼս֮еѵ
ʢ˶һ죬ʵֲޱȣԿͷĴڣͬһҲĸֱʤս֮УǳһСģkǡ
׵ȻһЦҪİ
һԽգǧħ峤һצᴩǧħ峤ķ磬ᴩkһɺڶֱӸ֣kֱɡ
ٿյڿήս֮УҸо֮еѡ棬һ֮
һģǧħ峤һצǧħ峤еֿkֱӺ飬Ȼɡ
׿ڼսʢʢ֣kΣ
Ҫɱk
ʢâһü֮һ˿˿ŤޱȵӡҫһɫСֱӷɳᴩգ˺Ѳ񷣬һɲ֮䣬͹ᴩǧħ峤ֱһʣǧħ峤ʳ顣
һնɱǧħ峤ʢϢһ±˥ֿ࣬նɱͷһʹãҲ޴
һץһ˿˿֮Ĳǧħ峤һ˲佫kӡֱӳ˳һֱ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ǧħ峤ֱɡ
һĻʢǿжһĨɵ֮ɫ
նɱǧħ峤ΧϸһŲޱȵǳ֮ϣǳûһ˿
ǿǣûκμֵ
ʢ˫֮ӡҫɫĹâӵk˫֮ǿǳ֮ϣ׾ٵĽǿǳ
Ҳʩչط̽һǳûзʲôмֵı
׻ǿήսΧʲôҲͱǧħ峤ˡֻܹλǰ
˵ĿԶȥһ۾Ϳ֮⣬һŻҡŤȸֵĿֲռ䡣
һֲĿռǿήսġ
ߣ
˶Ǽ֮ʩչطһ⣬ǿήսȥ
ǿήսΧͬŤֲ˲ʩչռطķʮʱŷɵǿήսıԵ
һǿήսģоһ
һŤϣƵòĴֵǹ
ŤĿռ֮Уֻͨ߶Գʱ֮
һĨ֮ɫʩչطϵġסâҫһӡ֣һ˿˿ǹŤ
ǡס֮£ĵõ໥ƽҪĶֵŤ
ʢɫһӡҫһ¸һɫսס
ٿյȻһЦ֮еĻ֮Уһ˿˿̸֣Ťͳͳմ
һˮ򣬴ˮ֮ɢŵı⣬ֵŤʴ
ŤĿռ֮У˵ķٶһ±˰ٱϣʮּѵĲǰС
ʱţһת˲š
ɣɣɣ
һžŤŤĿռ֮һߴ׵ĿݹǣֳһֻսꪣһĴ֮ŤһĴǿݹǱ֣һëȻĽ
Ť֮ǰһ޵ʥǿߣСģ
һǹޱȵĿݹǣɫȻ䣬
Ť֮
׵Ļڳ˶ɫһ䡣
Ť֮һ޵ʥǿߣҲǵή֮µʮ޵ʥ֮һսֲޱȣɱͬǿߡ
Ť֮Ҳӵһ֮kɱߣܸǻᱻkգΪkһ֣ܵĥŤΪṩkԴȪ
Ť֮һ֣ŤĹâӶսһնĵŤֲâֱնȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳֺɫֱһն£һɫĽâֱնâ֮ϡ
¡
һֲľ֮Ȼеĺɫֱӱ顣
һһŤĽ֮ϸ֣
ʮؽȫ֮һģ֮⣬ֶһޱȵĺɫۡ
ͬһʱ䣬Ť֮âһնڷٿյ֮ϣŤĺڹһٿյһ±ֱ˺һƬ
ٿһҽУһɫĻԭʧ
Ť֮һâ˺Ѳ񷣬նʢϣʢǰһűֱըѿһ̣kͳ֮⣬ͷҲصطȥ
һһħƤֱӷɳһ±仯Ϊһͷа˷ƵĹħſһâҧȥ
ͷޱȵħһҧһâ֮ϣһâֱ£һޱȵͷ­˲ըѿ
ǳôʱԭʧ
ӵ죡
ӡҫĻе˫һȣҲһ˲ԭʧ
Ť֪֮֮ս֮лʲôôѾΪһʥĿֲǿߣսԶǧħ峤֣ҲǵkĶ֡
һŤ֮һתͷͷ֮ȼİĻ棬Ȼֱ׷ȥ
ұkˣ
΢΢һĿֿȥһ˿˿Ťĺɫâ֮и֣˿޷ϡ
һһɺڶֱӸ֣Ťĺɫâ֮С
ɺڶķ֮£ǹŤĺɫâһ˲ɣһ˿˿ĳ룬ޱȵûڡ
濴ǺɫĹâһĨ֮ɫҪʮʱ䣡ܹȫʥǿߣ
һŤ֮·Ӧkһſͣһ춯أëȻĺ֮
һȦȦֲޱȵռ֮У˷ɢȥ
ãҪԮ뾡
һĨ֮ɫӡҫޱȵӡ֣ŤĺɫâһһޱȵĺɫâֱС
̺㱾ʵӡâһһɫŤâʧֱա


1534 
һŤһͷ峤ߴ·һǳ޴󣬳žŸ飬һͷ­ħһ飬߿һۡ
һ˲䣬һΣգëȻԤбӿͷ
΢΢һӵϢӵһ켶ĲþȻ֣˷ȥ
һͷֲޱȣ֮ħſֱһҧ
һֲֻޱȵѪֱӳ֣ſһҧ
һ켶Ĳþ׾ͱһֲޱȵħһ¡
þױɵһ˲䣬ҧǿήսֱӷȥ
һžſĿֲħһԶŤ֮Ŀֲڣkһŵ飬ʵҲԶԶŤ֮ϡ
һžſĿֲħϵ΢΢һȣһ¾ͿԽٹ꣬ϵľ롣
Ǿſ֮УһҫޱȵĹâ档Ȼ֮ľ꣬Ȼ޷ʩչطܹǹޱȵĹâ
۴ĸߣǿֲޱȵħſήսȥ
治ϵķųսǳžſĿֲħɱЩս˸ոշɳͱǳžſĿֲħֱһ¡
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֮һƬѪɫʯͬʱѪɫʯ֮ѪɫҺ壬γɵѪɫʯһ³ǰ
طֹҵ֮ɨ裬ʮֹ졣Ҳֻô죬ܹһ
濴һƬճѪɫʯԥһ˲䣬һҧֱӷ˽ȥ
һѪɫʯ֮УĸеԼ廤һ±ճޱȵҺա
Ȼܹҵ⵽ʲôҺ壿
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ϵ֮ȫһûϵġס֮ڡ
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һͷײޱȵľħһͣѪɫʯıԵ
һ˿˿ҫһһͷϷףһɫսףͷϳһֻǵħǾħͷѪɫʯһЦ޴ĶȻҽ븯ʴѪ͵ˣ
ϣһ׵ħ;ǾħͷĸһƬʴѪ
һƬʴѪΪֲ޵ʥǿҲҳʱĴǸʴѪ֮Сͷǿ߱ϾǴ֮оͷǿߣǸʴѪ֮Ҳһʱ䡣
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ܲпһЦˣ漫ʥӡͷ­˾Ʊ˹Ρ⼸ץɫ
ܻ¿ףήս֮ıأԲʧȷԭ֮Ѿжսԭ֮ս֮ǰЩϱɾֻСӣҪȥ׷kǣ
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¿һԾǾ޵֮Ծ¡
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ķԼԴġסҲǿֲޱȵĸʴѪ֮һķֽ⡣
Уȥ
һĨâĴ߶طģ°ָγɵĽṹ֮һ¸ֳӡǸʴѪ֮е
һǸʴѪʹһֲޱȵľʹ嶼Ϊ֮ͬʱһӡҲбļ
Ѫ֮ɻõʮ־̲飬Ǿ޴ԶԶԽ˻õ
Ǹܼ֮ǿߵ
ܹоԼһıֽ⣬ӿһ˿˿
һ־޴Ŀ־ӿͷ֮ӵз˼Ŀֲһӵ֮Եɱͻ䣬ʿ֮еӡҲֱӱ
֮֮ս֮У֮Ի˶䣬ΪЩսͷǶӵ֮ıһɱߣЩ߾ͻ䡣
ҲҲ
ӿһ˿˿񣬷ʩչԼ칦ŴѪ֮лõͬʱѪ֮һƶ
治ã΢΢һһɿֲޱȵѪӲѪȥ
һ֮䣬ͱѪͬʱҲһء
һ˲䣬ҲǸʴѪֱɣΪǸʴѪ֡
ô죿ô죿
ĸоԼʧת˼ƾ֡
ʱ֮Уһ˿ޱȵûڡֻһ˿Ҳһ˲ͱʴ
֣ҵѾ۳ҵ㱾ʣǿĵطλǿҵ֣
һһĨȻ֮ɫеһ¹עԼ֮ڡ
һ˲䣬ʧȥͱǸʴѪȫʴ
ǸʴѪ֮УֳָһޱȵӡǸʴѪǿԼֵ
۳ɱʣǰָǵĽṹѾмƣӲĵֵסǸʴѪʴͬʱǸʴѪһָǽṹƵĹϵ
ÿһǿʢһ֣֮Ҳøǿγһѭ
ʱţǧʱת˲š
ǸʴѪѾٴϡ
ϣұñȹȥǿ󣡣ڣҪⸯʴѪֻҪⸯʴѪ֮еˮҾͿԽ죡
һ˫ۣ˫֮һųޱȵľâ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ӡȻ֣ǸʴѪˮûڣΪ
ǧʱѹ¿ѾھŰǰѾ뿪
һ޵ʥǿҲǸʴѪ֮һ꣬¿һ֮󣬾ѡ뿪
ķ֮£һƬʴѪҲʧš
ʱţŰٴιȥ
һѪɫĹâһһƬʴѪڵһ±ÿտޱȣֻʣһ˾վ
ޱȵӡ֣˫һųޱȵĹâһ켶ĿֲϢ֮
Բǧ֮һһֲޱȵ籩߻۶γһֲޱȵУһûڡ


1535 նɱ¿
ʿڵ롣
ӡֱӸ֣ӡҫſһ
ʿڵֱӡ֮ڡ
ʿ־Ŵעӡǵڡ
ˣ죡
ͷǿߣ֮УҲǿһС
ÿٶȣ

ĸʿ֮еĶǸı仯һĿɿڴԼ۾
ͷ֮УҲǿߡһǿ߽ͷΪλ治ǧֱӽ׳Ϊͷֽٶȼֱ졣
ͷû뵽ҾȻܹ̳һͷĵӡ֪kܹܲΪһܹ֮Ϊ֮˵ҲԳΪһߣ
ɻʳ֮ڣһĹ֮Уһӿı仯˷֮ɫʱѾ׳Ϊһߡ
Իһӵʣʥ߾Ѿļޡ涯ĵر֮ϵĴԼǱޣѾ׳Ϊһߡ
һӵʵ̫ҪءֻҪ潫ܹ׳Ϊ֮ôҲܹ㡣
ͷӢ䣡ǽ˵Ҳл׳Ϊߣ㲻𣡣
ɻʳ֮У˿౻֮еǿ֮һֲޱȵķ籩֮жһĨ˷֮ɫ
ĸԴ֮£˿һĴڶѾ׳ΪһʥߡֻҪ潫׳Ϊ֮ȻĴԴҲȫԽ׳Ϊߡ
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ͷ
˽죡
˭Ȼף

һֲޱȵǿήս֮
ήսһƬյĹ֮УһϷףɢſֲϢͷһȦɫ֮˫ۣڵķȥ
һɲ֮䣬ڵƬֻɫ֮Уĸ档
ԭħ
濴ɫĿ΢΢һ
ԭħħʥ֮УʵΪֲһ޵ʥҲӽ֮һ޵ʥ
̫ʥ޵ʥΧɱԭħһսȴ̫ʥ޵ʥ䣬һʥߡ̫ʥʥ֣شԭħõkǱӡ
һս֮ԭħʮʥ죬Ǻų֮޵еĿֲڡ
ԭħ浭εʥ棡ʴѪȻˣвСܣҺ㣬εʥԭ壬ΪЧҿΪԭԭ
浭ȻһЦεʥòûиĻͥ뷨
ԭħһȻˣȥɣ
һɫĹâһ¿ױԶǰ
棬㾹ȻҾܾΰԭħô֮أ
¿һĨ֮ɫصӡҫֳһɫĳǹ˺Ѳ񷣬һǹݺȥ
һͷֱֲӱѹȥڡδգε档
һǹʢľҲԵסͷ֮۷ǿߵ
ԭħµͷҽ֮ǰȷʵĶ֡
һ˿˿ޱȵҫһ˲ԭʧһ³ԭħ˫֮ǰӽһնһնԭħ˫۵ͶӰ֮ϡ
һŤڰĹâһն£նԭħ˫ͶӰ֮ϡ
һɲ֮䣬һɫĹâԭħ˫۵ͶӰ֮ϱеĳһ
ֱ֮ըѳһֲޱȵŤն
ֱӱɳ
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һԭħ˫֮ԭħ۾ͶӰֱӱ
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֮ʵԭħ˼֮꣬սϹȻ޷ȡ
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һɫĹâ΢΢һ¿һ³еɫǹᴩգһ˲ıϡ
汳һһֱӱһɫĳǹһ´塣
һ̶ޱȵ֮УɫĳǹʮּѵĴڡ
ɫӡǳǹ֮ӿʼʴͼ֮ѹ
һӡҫЩɫӡһɫӡֱɡصӡͬһĲסһɫĳǹ
ô
¿ɫ΢΢һ䣬һĨ֮ɫʥǿ߱kһǹҲᱻᴩ˲ᡣ
ʵϧң
кâһ̽צһץԣ磬һצͽ¿׵ֱӹᴩ
һӡֱӸ֣¿ֱУŵk㱾Դ
¿һĨ֮ɫһҧһɫĹâƣγһɫֵӡ
ס֣
һֲޱȵ֮дһɢŤϢŤ֮˫ȼŹޱȵĹâһ³նȥ
һŤâӲͬĿռ֮дֱ̳Ӵȥ
Ŀ䣬һն䣬һ̺֮ĽâնŤâ֮ϡ
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ϧﲻǾ֮أˣ
һŤ֮âһЦתһ⣬ǿήսĲַȥ
Ƭԭħأӵԭħǿߡ⸽֪жٱԭħշԿήսĹȻս
֮ٶȱʮֹʮ֮Ť֮˾롣
ʮ֮һͷֱӸ֮Уһ˿˿ߵķ׷ȥ
Լ֮һ޾ڰֵĹǰ
ͣǸ޾ڰֵĹԵԥһᣬһ㡣
һܲþֱӷǱڰֵĹ֮ڡ
һܲþһǹ֮Уһ·𱳸һɽһ㣬һźɫǳ֮׹䡣
¡
ǲþһ׹һɽ֮ϣֱӱ顣
ÿµ߼ǿ߶Եֵ㣡
һĨ֮ɫ
֮֮߳ϣ
ǧ֮УͬǸʴѪ֮л˾޴ĺôѾ׳ΪһĿֲǿߡkҲɱ֮һ


1536 Ǳ밵
ɨ裡
˫֮ӡҫü֮һԲ̻֣һɿֲޱȵͬˮһûǺڰ֮С
ɨ迪ʼ
ȶԽУ
ţų̶ȣ֮ϣʼ档
˫֮һţѸٵĻ㱨ϣһǿޱȵݿϷǸӦĴ֮֮֮󣬷ֽĴ硣
ǰ֮Ĵ֮Уӵʼ档ҵɨ޷У֮δ֪
濴һƬ޾ڰֵ磬粻֮ήս֮Ĵ֮Уֵ֮ǵk۳Ĵ磬ӵʼ棬˵˵kѾᵽһݽʵĻԵ
ڰ磬ԭħûз֡Ȼkûж֣ôһΣա
ҼȻԽȥԭħҲͬԽȥ磬һΣգѾԭħƿء
ͷϵתȨס
ûҽҲǳΪ޵ʥǸǿߡӵʵǣҲֻһɵļʣ׳Ϊ֮磬ǴգҲǴƴһƴڣ޵ʥǿߣҲпڶԷǰߣ
ֲ֮֮Ĵڣκһ֮ӵＶ콾
޵ʥǿ߶ٵĻù֮Ȼˣʮʥ֮У֮Ȼʮ
޵ʥǿΪ˽֮ᵽѰһԵһӵֵַ֮ؾֵkǵӰ
֮Уʱʱͻʥ޵ʥǿ䣬Ϊk֮̽ؾ֮бͬǿնɱ
ĿһĨ֮ɫһҧһ̤Ǻڰ֮С
һǺڰ֮ڣһɿֲޱȵ֮Ǻڰ֮дǺڰ糶ȥ
һ±ס棬ü֮еİԲ̸֣һһʵİ׹⽫֡
һ̤Ǹڰ֮Уһɿֲޱȵų֮Ǹ֮дȻǰԲ̵ػȻһıֽ⡣
ʼĿֲһ밵֮һ𣬾֮Ҳʮֲּ֣ԭħҽǵkǿ棬ҲᱻֱӸɵ
о֮дһʹһΪʲôԭħ޵ʥǿ߶ûƿڰ硣
Ϊڰųһ֮ǿ߻ڰףҪĻǺڰȴϼѡ
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ں֮󣬾ǸʴѪҲ޷ܽ⡣ǺڰӵʼǿҲԵֵ
ʵͱʵֵ㣬ˣ
һҧֱӽһذָȡü֮һ
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ⰵ֮УΪȨݣս¡
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ħᣬѾ˰罫һء
渽ʬһѧ黪ߵѧԺһӵλ
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ߵѧԺ֮еһһţϲաҲΪԼĽᡣһ֮Уֱӳ֣黪ֱӸɵɽ¡
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浭лĻһ˳ְգ԰Ϣˣ
һ仰֮黪еһִʧ١
ǲ֮λһϡ黪Ȼһ溣ʿǿߡȻҵΪ溣ʿʱ򣬻Ҫǿ󣡣
Լ֮΢΢һɨʱһĨ֮ɫ
黪֮УŶ㲻ϡֻܹеƫϵĴڣüԴԼطһز
Ȼˣ黪Ҳ浱Ϊ溣ʿʱҪֲǿ󣬼ֱš
طһԴѪ֮ıṹطǴӰ֮ط֮ķ֧ûв´ĻԭħӦҲЩط
黪ļ֮طʱһĨ֮ɫ
¶ط֮һṹʵķ
һĨϧ֮ɫ֮ӦҲҲʵŹǣʼתĽṹϧkʧˣڿήս֮С
ڵ˾ųϣҪָҪӴԴʱ䡣磬ÿµṹøǿȻ֧磬ѰҰ֮ŲԼʼı
΢΢һɨѸٵĽԼĿǰ״
沢ֻһ磬ǲһ֮СȻԶϵĿֲвͻܵķɡ
Ψ磬ܹϵⰵ֮Уƣǿ꣬ߵͬ

үˣūǵˣ
һ̤һһͷ׷߱һ˷ܣ˫ۺᣬǰ
׷߾ǹĴܼľ
һĽߣǿߣԼ֮вɱչԼء
ڵ϶ľľҲһ߼ǿߣⰵ֮УҲһ֣ͬʱҲǹļū̷Ź


1537 Դ
黪ǰĿ鲮û£С֮ȻشңҴɽ£ɽֻ֮Ҫʱ䣬Ҿͻָʵñȹȥǿ
үͺãͺãˣū˵ǸСӾȻ֣ͽСǸС
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ѾߵĴ֮£һһͷɫ㷢Լһңѩ񣬻һ崿ȻľɫŮһĨӯӯ
һĻʱǿŮĽࡣգһһưľҵˣö֡
ľһ߼ǿߣ黪󣬽黪ԼĶӣ죬ҪǲЩҲ֪黪µ²˶ٴƨɡ
ɫ԰ףĵ棬ҧ黪ҶǿҾ㿴
ȥˣ
ĮĶһ䡣
¶ʱһף֮Ų֮ɫڹȥֻҪһ˵黪ͻǧ˳澹ȻЩ֪롣
鲮ߵѧԺĵʦеʵϾͨļ񡣶е鷳߰ɣ
үһƽ񡣾ŪǲҲֻҪ⳥һǮˡѾͷʦʵңҪǲը̣ǲַŪǡ
ľɭһЦһվֱ壬һɶأԾµϢ¾ȥ
ǿֲϢϯ֮£ɫ԰ףϵĲ
ʵеǷַơ
Ϊ۹Ĺ֮֮Ǹ֮򹫡򡢲ӡСѫλ
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ǹӣҲӵѫݣһ壬߸еƽ֮ϡɱƽŮҲֻǷǮˡ
ڹֱ֮ڣɱһƽǮá
۹֮պգɱѫ黪Խ㣬Ϳڹ̳йһУΪµĹ
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ⰵ֮Уͬƿһе磬㣬ֻµˡ
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֮УŮƣɫꡣȻҲһɫŮҲû㵽µĵز
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ſһƬɫĹâֱûĿУʱһĨ֮ɫ
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ſһһɫĹһûĿУֱӱ飬¶һֻں㱾ʵ֡
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ͻƣܿͻƴﵽ˾ﵽ˵֮˵ֳһ覵ĸо
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֮У˵һֶΡһһ˲ɻ𣬾ͿԽ롣һֱӾܾ֮ǿΪ𣬾ܾһ֮ڷһ»ή࣬Ķӡ
ֻйսƽ޷սȻһţȴƽûʸս档
Ǹһﹷʺ˺õúܣ֮ǰڽ⣬¹⹫ĶŮأӮ¹⹫ʶ¹⹫ѾѫľλѾһ¼塣
֮Уоϵľλֻʸʹ͡ѫĻоϵĴ嶼ʸʹͣȻÿһλзش£ͬʱҲһʰޱȵĴͷ˰
ΪˣڴͷʮֽЩǶ׵Ĵͷ¼塣
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΢΢һЦ磬ĸطжİԴ
İԴһǿȻǻĽᣬ˻壬ֻ´󹦵Ķпܽ


1538 
üͷ΢΢һ壬
ǿ嶼ԽʥأȻҲԽ档
絭ȻһЦ֮⣬ǾյľֻҪľͿڲͬεľ֮ٴξǸյİԴ㸸İԴԹǿ
һᣬһĨâǿߣһսɱ⡣ãյսҽˡ
ǲյսҲԣһڸķչʮֳϾǿΪ𣬱սųﶼܻӭ
黪ǹĵӣǹߵѧԺĵһţ˽еĵ۶֮һһСΧĺ䶯
󣬹ߵѧԺǶ֮УѾԹߵѧԺѧԱԼһЩԸӵܡ
ǽǶһ̨֮ϣߡ߷ֱǹߵѧԺԺԪԺһԪϡ¹⹫
Ǹ̨·ŶʮŻʲԶͨѧԱŮǾԹǸӵܡ
еĴ嶼ϵǿߣkǵĺҲԶͨƽʵ϶ڹУƽĵλʮֵ¡
գˣ
գ˧
Ұ㣡

Ȼ֮䣬ǽǶ֮һ´һŮĻ֮
һɫ̷ĸ޳üĿϴһ˿˿ааЦӢ껺̤˽Ƕ롣ǹߵѧԺĵһա
ո磬֧ͣ㣡ɵ黪Ǹһ
ǶʮŻĴӵ֮Уһ磬һ£ĻԸУͬһŻľŮӶСȭͷе¹⹫ĶŮء
˧Ļ˻֣Ⱥ֮󾪽֮
һüͷ΢΢һ壬һĨ֮ɫᣬһ񣬾Ȼҡ
һ국һЦСӲ򵥡˵ʮѾ¹⹫һϵĴ󽫡
Ŀ΢΢һһ³Ĭӵ£
ҽ٣Ǹ黪㲻ֻҲΪռǰ̤ʯڰأѾʥʿľ硣Ľٶ죬п֮ӡ
һԻ߳ǿ׵գĬĬ
渽黪ҲӢǿףͬһȫһ֮ϡ
һԪԺԪϵĮ黪գκ˶ø档ֻһȷҪ
ȷ黪䰮Ůˣִ޷ܡҪݣ
תһۣг޾ɱ
汳˫֣Ҳûж࿴һ۵ȷ
ǩǵ֣
ԪԺԪһ֣һźɫħƤֱֽӷɳǰ
նһħƤֽǩԼ֡
һԪԺԪϻʼ
黪ЩаŮ޶ҾȻҶҵ³ֱ֣޿⡣죬֮أ
Ķ棬ɭޱȵɱһУһ׵ĺɫǹͳС
ǹǿǹ󹫾յıǹ󹫾Ժǹһٴɱ󹫾춨󹫾һ˵
һǹȻУգ
黪һΣˣ

ǽǶΧ˵жһĨ֮ɫ
һ
ն棬һɫĹһȻ˺գͬ˲һǰһǹȥ
߽׳߼
ǿ߽׳ߣѾӽҵˡ
ֻһվͿԱҵˣѧһ꣬츳̫ˣ

Χһ´һޱȵ
ǹߵѧԺ֮УֻҪѧԱΪﵽʥ߼ͿԱҵһУҲԳΪһ١ľ棬սʿ溣ǿߡ
ʿȻʵһУϧҴˣ
һЦһ½Լʵʥ۷壬ȻһĽյսǹֱ𿪣ͬһ̽յš
꣡
һ֮һ´յ֮дŹͷһ±ʮ
ô֮ǰ׳ߣôʵᱩز
һѪһĨ֮ɫһ±ʥ߼ʩչޱȵĹ
ʥߣ
黪ȻҲʥߣ
صú
黪Ǹӵܣôʥߣ
Ҫס֣黪գ
ס֣黪

ǽǶΧЩߵѧԺѧԱǼһĻĿɿڴһĨ֮ɫ
ߵѧԺ֮УֻЩѧ˼ʮӽҵıҵŻӵʥ߼
黪ѧ꣬ѧһѾӵʥ߼Ŀֱֲ졣
ôܣôܻôֲ
ֵĹһѪһ߲ŵغ
Ҫлˣգ֮УҴɽ£ҼҲһ̥ǣѾһΣǹȥˣԣȥɣ
Ŀ䣬ɱӿһȭյĸֲޱȵյĵֿͳͳ飬ͬһ׹䵽˵ϡ
ˣ
Ŀ䣬һźݺݵյͷֱ̤ȥֻҪһŲУվʮ
ɫҰףһޱȵļУҪ黪Ҫɱ˾ո磬ҾԲԭ㡣Ҹ㲻ݣ
ɫҰףеס֣黪Ҫɱ˾ո磬ɱ㿴
ʯΪݺյͷ­ȥ
ס֣
Ǹ̨֮ϣߵѧԺԺ뷢ţ˫ԲɣһĿֲϢӵk֮ϯķ
ԪԺԪĿһϢͬԺϢײһ𣺡Ժһǹ𣿡
Ȼ֮Ǿطϧ֮еˣ
涥ԺĿֲѹһЦݺһ̤յϣֲޱȵֱӽشѪյ۶ڱ֮
΢΢һʧȥеֱֿӻ˹ȥ
温ԺԺԺ֮ʥַҲɸҪ֮𣿡


1539 
ԺһĨ֮ɫ黪նߵѧԺѵһţαҪɱһӣյΣֻҪӦңҾǷһ顣ֻҪǲΥ飬ҶΪһΣ
֮й֮ʥַԺҸͻᱻԺְλλ䵽ūӪ֮Уû˸Ҿ
浭¹⹫ӦҵҾͿԷŹա򣬽ڣ
Ժ˵
浭һҪߵѧԺⰵԴʮꡣڶҪ¹⹫ⰵԴʮꡣҪʮ߽׵İԴ
ԴⰵزЩǿҪĶԴ֮µĴðԴʯðԴ
һöװԴԶһʮöһװԴơʮ߽װԴԺ˵Ҳһʾ޴ޱȵĲƸ
Ժɫһף޺޵ĵһۣҧһҿԴӦ㡣ǵڶҪ¹⹫ͬ⡣
һ¹⹫ְ֣ȾȾո磬ˣֻҪʲôӦ㣡ˣ
¹⹫һĨ飬һ̾ãҴӦ㣡
ԪԺԪһ񹧾ԪϴˣѾʤȯգԷҲѾ֧㹻ɡ
ԪԺԪһЦһ㣬һöɫħƤֱֽӵȼһŻ棺ıҺ⣡ɣ
ո磡
Ľ֮У¡Ůֱ˽Ƕ֮ϣֱӱ
濴ܼͬȮһһۣȻһЦתȥ
Ȼ֮ӣʵѾߴ졣ɳٿ죬Ҳ׷棬Żһתȡô
黪֮裬ձصٱ֮ʮ֮ڣһٴһսһΣҾԻ㣡
˫ۣŲĶ־ĵ棬
ţ
ĵӦһԺȥ
ԺˣҽⰵԴƾ֤Լʮ߽װԴ
Ժһ֣һɫԼһɫĴָС
лԺˣ
浭ȻһЦתⰵԴķȥ
ⰵԴλߵѧԺߵѧԺ֮ʩ֮һҲߵѧԺĵ֮һ
һԴȹ֮ۡڵİԴҪǿöࡣֲôŻߵѧԺսʤ֮ӹȻкôһԴѾ׬׬
濴һߴףӡͬһɽⰵԴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ⰵԴߵѧԺ֮ʩ֮һҪߵѧԺĹ׵ܹһ졣ΪⰵԴĴԴ
汾Ҫһ죬ҪΪߵѧԺҡһͻʮʱ䣬߶ἵʵʱ䡣
ʾƾ֤
һӽԴһѧԱǰ
һ֣һöɫ֣İĹâԺӰֱӸ֡
ѧԱɫ΢΢һ乧ԭԺ˴ƣ
һ̤ǰԴ֮ڣкɫһҫʵĺڹ⣬ֱһͣ͵
ֻһˣҲԣǰԴҪһ˵ҪĹ׵һͨѧԱķһʱ񡣡
濴Χһۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݣֱ£֮һ¸ֳصӡ
һɺޱߵĿֲ֮дΧ֮㱾Դ
ⰵԴ֮ڰ֮㱾ԴȹԴ֮ڵ㱾ԴŨȴٱϣ޼ɵǰ֮Դʩչϵǿ
һɿֲޱȵϢһ´ⰵԴ֮д˷
ͻƣ㣡
ͻˣ

ⰵԴ֮˶΢۾Ȼᡣ
ⰵ֮УЩƽ˵ڵ졣ǶߵѧԺ˵Ҳʮֳ
һЩߵѧԺ֮ＶŶⰵԴ֮ͻơ
ǰߣʽ淨򲻶࣬˶ΰǿȣȴԶͬߡҳ֮⣬û㲻ԣһˣˡ
֮󣬾ı仯
޷Լӡ۳ӡ֮СһԵΰͬʱڸַĲݣҲԶԶȲߡ
ǿþˣһǿȾͿǿߵ
ǿȣѾһǿߣͻԼļޡ
һĨ֮ɫܹ죬ҵ῰֮
ӡҫǰԴİ֮㱾Դ궼ڷɱ䣬
ô£
Դ֮ôˣ
ô£

֮УԴİ֮㱾ԴŨȱ㿪ʼ½
Դ֮ˣӰԴˮ
ⰵԴһԪõ㱨֮üͷ΢΢һ
Դˮһ±㵹ⰵԴһԴ¯֮ڣתΪޱȵİԴ֮ǰԴ֮
ڱŨˣ
ֿʮˣ

ǰԴ֮е¶һ˿֮ɫ
ֻһ̣ǰԴ֮ڵİԴ֮֮оȥû֮ڣԴİԴ֮Ũһٴαϡޱȡ
һѧԱŻŵܵԪǰϣˣԴŨֱˣ
ʲô
ԪһֱǰԴȥ
ط˵ʵӦһ죡
ԪһԴǰͿǰԴ㣬ԴԴϵİԴǶۣγһŰԴ֮ơ
ԪǰԴʲôˣ
ѧԱæص黪գȻԺĴƣǰԴ
ԪһĨ⣬黪ȻĻҪԴӰԴˣеˣǣ뿪
ѧԱǣϣ
ʮ֮ⰵԴ滺˫ۡ
֮㱾ԴˣҲѾ죡ڿȥˣ
ӦⰵԴΧİԴ֮Ũȱ仯һЦ΢΢һΣϢĴԭʧ
¹⹫һĴ֮ڡ
治ˣ


1540 ս
¹⹫ޱλ֮ϾĿ浭黪û뵽㾹Ȼĸҵĸۡѵ֪ҵĶŮض֮𣿡
΢΢һЦȻ֪ݵλȻܳĶŮ̬ȣܹ̬ȡ
¹⹫Ŀ΢΢һܴ˵ߵѧԺͻƽ׳Ϊߡ
浭ȻһЦûڽսʱ򣬾ѾǵˡߵѧԺ֮нףҲֻ˳µ顣
¹⹫ɯ
ף
һһͷڷһɫȹԸУ߷ƣȴһӢ֮ľɫŮһӯӯ
¹⹫ҵĴŮɯɯ黪ȥԴ
ǣף
ɯӦһ䣬ת濴ȥ֮һĨâ
浭ȻһЦɯ¹⹫ȥ
¹⹫ͬһԴһԴǧ׸ߣߵѧԺİԴһأȴȹۡİԴǿʮϡ
һǰԴ㱻͵һڰռ֮Уһ˿˿صӡҫһӴޱǺڰռ΢΢һɨͽڰռ˲ɨ衣
ûмӣԾ¹⹫ǻˣ
¶һ˿֮ɫתԼ칥Դİ֮㱾Դ
һֲޱȵֱǰԴ֮⸡֣γһɫŨ
ɯǰԴ֮һĨʣ黪õСҾյĴ֮˶̥ǣѾ֮С
ԴŨɢ
ǰԴ֮ڣ˫ۣһص߽װԴһĨϧ֮ɫˣϧʮ߽װԴҲѾһաҪɹĵԴ̫ˡ
ǰָǸĿǰյݣԶԶԽ֮ӦǴ˵֮ʵŹǡ
ʱ޵壬ҲתֲܿףҪĵԴԶ
ʮ߽װԴӵпֲޱȵĿǰʵȫ۳һ켶ָͷǶ˵塣
ˣҪ㣡
һǰԴ֮߳ɯǰ
һĨ֮ɫɯ˹鷿֮ڡ
¹⹫ζ黪ʱ䣬ͽҰԴʮİԴһգ˲𣡣
浭ȻһЦˣ
¹⹫ȻѾ㣬һӦþҪǰսɱˣҵŮɯҲһߣҴΪ׷ߣ׷ս֮ɱء׷꣬Σ
֮еǿһ㣬ͻǰսǿɱǿֻдǿжȡҷչ׳ˣŻĴͷ⣬Ϊһзصʵ塣
ЩʵֻҪÿϽһԴܹԼؾӪΪһֻʵ壬֮вӵо޴Ȩƣײ㡣
Լµ¹⹫ͼ΢΢һЦܹɯС׷ҵҡ
¹⹫һЦļ䣬ȥ
¹⹫ĹϵټϹĹϵǰһսĸʮɾͰףһѡսȨ
λ۹ҪսԵһС
ǾǷ֮еʮ֮һ
ǰĳУ۹ǿ⺣նɱһεĺǳ֮󣬾ͽǴж˹⺣ҲΪ˺ǵ³
壡ЩʹkǱʹǿö࣬ǱҲʹҪǿ
Ǻ֮ڣһŤĲ˵ĸ֪Ĺ۲Ǻǵľ
Ǻ֮У洦ɼһһԶԹǿߡЩǿеӢŮ˱ϵһԶԹ֮⣬ǵΧһſξ塣
Щξ嶼ǿ֮γɵᾧһҵսֻǣǾܹЩξգøӵǿ
ⰵ֮Уǰĵһ壬ռ˰ĸ֮ء
ɯߣ黪ʲô㣿

浭ȻһЦǺ֮ߣʮ֮䣬˺ǵĳ
⺣ң
һ˿˿ҫֱӳǺǳУһһ֮ըѿ
ӣ⺣죬۹ǿߡȻƣ
ɯ֮һĨ֮ɫһ֣һޱȵɴĻֱӸ֣֣ȫڱΡ
Ϯ
Ϯ

һ󾯱֮һǺ֮߼Ŀֲǳ֮ڶ
һϳԹΧĿɫξ壬ĸߴɢֲϢǿһ˳kǺǳ⺣
⺣󣬸һǿߣĶ档
ߣϣȻңѰ·ĳһػҲֻ·һ
⺣һۣɭޱȵɱĹһֱӴԭʧͬ˲һǰ̽צһץֱץȥ
ɯ֮һĨʣˣû뵽Ȼһӵܾӵܣ
һ˲䣬澱֮һˮâһһޱȵĻеȻ𣬿磬ֱӴ̳⺣ȥ
⺣ǰĿɫˮһųһɫĹâγһɫĽ硣
Χξǵk磬Ҳǰ֮͵Ϯһ塣
һޱȵĻеһ´ɫĽ֮ϣ˲ᴩɫ磬׾ٵĹᴩ⺣塣
һɿֲ֮׵Ľ⺣һգõkҳʧ
Ȼӵа֮㱾Դ֮ߣ󲿷ֶα㡣ֻ֮壬kֻ֮Ϊ֡ϵݻȥҲʮ֮󣬰֮Խⰵٴ
һ⺣¶һ˿֮ɫ˼
֮ͬɱÿһֶΡִ֮У֮һһΣٴ֮
ⰵ֮УЩ߾Ȼ޷֮㱾Դ˵kطȻԻúһʱĿֲҲ޷ڣֻ긯࣬ճΪ֮֡


1541 Χɱ
ˣ
ɱ

⺣սʿһ˫۳죬
Ĵ
һָһö֮еĶֱӸ֣Ƕ֮к⺣֮ϡ
Щʥߡ߼ǿһֱӱ䱬·ɢÿkʱһ˿˿ޱȵİ֮Դ֮ͱɱǣûڡ
һǿȴ֪һ˲ͻâŲͬķȥ
ӣ
һԻе֮ı֣΢΢һȣӰǰһš
ǿ΢΢һؿһ¶ֲޱȵĴ󶴣ʧȥ֮׹䡣
ɣɱkǣ
նɱ֮˫ģһǧ溣徫սʿֱӴ֮߳
һǧľ񶼻һɫĻеսףֳһ΢ͻڣЩǿ߷
ĺɫǻ֮кǿһ򱬡
ǿʩչطľϣɫĻеսֱӵס
Ǹ߿Ƽľѹ֮£Ǻǳܿͱѹһǧսʿȴһû
浭ɯС㣬㲻һֱܺҵ׻ʲôһõ
ħԭħħ㾹Ȼħѵ㵱棬׷ɱ𣿡
ɯüͷ΢΢һ壬֮߳
浭һûѡԶҲܳաڶֻҪɱԭħ壬ͻһֻ۱һֻۡûһɷ˵嶯һС
ɯһЦ˵ûֻҪնɱԭħ壬ЩС¡棬ҲԭħͶߣǵkǣҲܻô鱨
ɫս׺ǿһֻǧ˶ӱͨͨװǿ֮£սֻ¿߿⡣黪Щװ㻹ж٣ܲһЩң
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溣ľսʿɯ˵ʲôɯ֮Уӵһֻʥ߼սʿ
ɯ֮һֻʥ߼ľսʿǶһǧװɫеսԼڵսʿҲֻ·һװҪԡ
ָһһݲ嵥ͷɯУװҿ졣ЩװĲҪԱÿһҪһö߽װԴ
ɯЩ֮üͷ΢΢һ壬ʮֹϵãʮף
ʮװ¹⹫ʵܹһأǿ֮ڵͬʱ塣
֮⣬ɫеսǿתһ¹⹫Ҳܹһʡ
ҡҡͷʮףһòôࡣеԴԼ֮ڣһס
ɯ֮ȻһЦðɣһ㣬ѹ
Ǳ֮󣬹Լ¹⹫֧ԮԴԴϵĴӺӿܿƿ˺ǡ
ͳ˧ɨΧһһ塢ԭħľݵ㱻ݣֱ𣬻˴Ĺ׵㡣
ѹ֮ͳ˧һֻһ溣ǿΪľż
һһռĳб湥ݣޱȵԴֱһգÿնɱһߣʵͻǿһ֡
һ溣ǿҲɫġħսסǿ֮£ʵԽԽǿ
ǡħսס漯ԼյĸֿƼں˼ƼΪĵƶɵսסһװǡħսסͬʱնɱǿУЩǿ߾ͻǡħսסķ֮£ǿ
ͨܳǵһ֮ϣһֻװšħսסɫоγһֲޱȵĳ
ǰ֮Уһֲֿޱȵ֮£˵ʶߵþˣͬҪĵҲþˡ
һһǿǰ֮УȫһСʱ۵ðľųϡ
Ϊˣڰ֮УһЩս֮⣬ģķйʮֺ
ɫ룬һ߼ľͷŵĺǺ֮һˣ档
ΧԴһ˿˿֮ıԴ֮ԴԴϵûڡ
ͣ󣡡
Ȼ۾
һšħսסսʿǼһ˲뻮һͣס˽Ųͳ΢ͻڣһΧȥ
ɫ黪ɫĺ֮㡣ϧ̫޴̫֪ˡһĴڣֻǻһ͸ҷ֮ڴ¾壬޴ڣ
һ֮һһװ˾ţԹΧöɫˮǿߴ֮߳ĿֲϢ
һһǿߴ֮߳һʮɢϿֲϢǿߴ֮߳Ķ档
ǿĿ亮ǷЩҷĸרΪΧɫ黪ܹҵȵУӦøе
ǷǿȻǴиƵĻᡣ
湥˼֮󣬷Ѿĸϣһǰɱ档
ⰵ֮Уôϵǿ֣Իһǿߡ
Ͼⰵ֮УЩǿ߲֮еܹɵ淨򣬵ΰµǿ߽ѹ
֮£һ֣һšħսסսʿǶʼſǿޱȵķз
ΧѾſǿޱȵڱν磡ܺãһֻҪɱǣû֪ҵˣ֮ԻΧɱҪǼһ򾡡Ȼûʧ
һ˴ߴȥ
һ֣ɱ
ӿһ˿˿ȵ
񵶣
ʮĳâʩչ֮ǿĹɱطkǱĹǰξΪһ壬һ񵶣նȥ
ǿĹɱ֮һЩһǿ߶شնɱ
һӰ΢΢һһ񵶱ֱնϡ
¡
һ춯صıը֮Уһֱӱ飬һɹɿֲޱȵĳ˷ɢȥ


1542 һͳ
ǿֲޱȵıը֮У滺߳ϵ·е䣬ȴһ˿˺۶û¡

ôܣôܻôǿ
ֻǸǿ߲ܹӵôֲ
黪ѵαװģ

ǷĳǿǴӱը֮һ߳棬Ŀɿڴӿһ˿˿⡣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ʹ칦Ȼҽ֮ĸ
ڽ밵֮ǰȻһͷܹ֮ԼЩĳǣǿȴ޷ֵЩǵĹ
ʹԼ칦ټϰ֮Դ֮üΪֲӽ

һĨâԦһ񵶺ݺֱնȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һץһץ֮ϣһһɿֲޱȵֱ顣
ǲһϣˣ
ָһţһεѪ֮е䣬֮Уһɼǵ˿ڡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һֵ˿ڱֱȬ
һĨϲɫеЧǵĹЧֻҪ֣ǿ߶ܹɱһ黪һ졭
Ļ̫ˣ
һӰ΢΢һͬ˲һǰ̽צһץһצĻξ磬˵k֮ڡ
һɿֲޱȵֱ֮ӱ㱾ԴȡһգһҳƮɢ

һǸ
ԭ黪һﱾµĹ

ڼʮĳɫ䣬˷ȥ
ȻˣǾͲҪˣ
ɭһЦָһţһӡֱӸ֣һɿֲޱȵ֮Ǽʮϯȥ

ס֣

һҽ֮УǼʮ׷׶˹һû֮Уһ˲䣬ͻҽ
ޱȵӡҫһ±˫ۣṹתʮ֮תϣһٽ졣
̫ˣҵǿٴһأҪԴܹøǿ󣡣
˫۾͸о֮ԴԴӿĿֲ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʱ浥ǿȶۣԽͨͷʥǿߣǿֻҲԶԶĶ֡

΢΢һΣֱӻصԼ֮ڣ
ǣϣ
һšħսסսʿſ֮ɫŷһйȥ
֮ǿһս֮Уһɨգ֮е嶼ʼ
ÿһУڹԼ¹⹫֮£ʮ׵ľͽһƿС
һһʤ֮ڣҵǿ߶׷׼£µĴԽԽࡣ
潫ȫݣƿ֮󣬱㿪ʼݷԴԼͬʱ䣬Լʵ
ܲһƯڰǧϿգռһǧʮƽĸմ½
ԶͨǳֲסҲڰ糤ʱУǾȻܹڰ֮ϣֱֲҲǰ֮УΨһһ鸡մ½
ڵʹʥ֮ڣһſʮֻΧʮɫˮò׵
ⰵ֮еĵһǿߣԶԼߡ
·һڽ鱨㱨k
°ɣ
ǣ£
ӦһһӰ΢΢һԭʧ
֮гһʹֻеСһǵˣ
һҫγһԭħͶӰ
ԭħûв´ĻǸСһӦǻҵĵŻȻ𡣡
ûпǱ渽
ԭħܣǰſſֲޱȵĽ磬Ǵ˵֮е֮򼸺ûܹ꽵ǵ硣
Ŀһ֮ҪĽ֪֮ʶʲôʱҽף
ֻҪ׼˰ԴʱԽסֻҪ㻹ڰ磬;Բܽ׳Ϊ֮ǰ֮ٵ磬ҲǵkϣЩߣֻǵk֡
ְɣֻҪ֣ıԴشܹɣǰ棬׳Ϊߣ㲻𡣶ڰ֮У֮ͱһѿݹǣΪ֮֡
ԭħǳջĶͬħĵ
һЦıԴشܹû밵磬հ֮֮ûв´ɣ
ԭħûһû˵ԡ˰Ҳֻǻһݽ֮Ҫ֮ûô򵥡
ҪľŽװԴѾΪ׼ˡʮ󣬽нס
Ը
ԭħȻһЦһɫʧ
ֻлǵ磬ܹɺ𣿡
ԭأãһ̾һĨӵĹâ
漼Σ
£
һӰ΢΢һһһ£ĻԸУ޵˼ľɫŮһ³ڴ֮ڣϥǰ
漼ξӰŮ峤Ҳǰ֮ǿĴ֮̿͡󣬾ͳΪ˵kںڰ֮еұۡ
˫֮оâȥ黪ɱˣԣʵ޷ܣɱɱ֮ǰҲ취Ūǿ߹ͨķ
ǣϣ
һӰ΢΢һ漼ξʹԭֱʧ
¹⹫
¹⹫겿µĻ㱨֮һĨâ΢΢һЦȻô̵ʱ֮ھ͹ˣ˲𣬹һöӡ黪֮ĳɾֻ»ᳬԽˡ
һ˼ʲôȻ黪Ǹ쵰ˣ
Ϊ¹⹫ڶ˳λļ̳ˣȻ֪湥ζʲôζ潫һΪͻƣܹΪһʵ壬ҷػ¹⹫Ҫ޴һԾΪĳ
֮ӵޱȵԴֳʣͻûʲô⣬Ҳζ潫ΪϵĴ塣


1543 ݺ
ף黪Ǽĵ̡ǿһظǼ塣Ƿһ⣬Ĵ壬һԽ£黪ĸݻ١
ף㣬һΡҴݻ黪ĸȻûϣ׷黪ˣ
ᣬİ
أҹȥ̫㣬軵ˣĹ岻ˣпᣬвͻ֮黪ڵǱԶҪöࡣǽܹ黪Ҳܼ֧֡
¹⹫һ̾·һ²˼꣬ˣѶСȥ¥ûҵȥ
С㣬ߣ
ӵе߼ֲòŮһֱ߳סأȥ
ɫ䣬ףҪҽ¥ҪȥҾո磡
һ¥ȻִɣǾͲߣ͸ˡ
¹⹫Ŀ䣬رȥ
£¹⹫Ȼһ۰أҲԲ¡
¹⹫Ŀ˸黪Ŷҹйϵһ˭ʤ˭ܣҹкôܵһǨŭ
׶Ҷһ֮ڣԴƯΧԴԴϵİԴǰԴ֮ӿûڡ
ԵһİĹâ
ſһƬĺɫһ£˫ۣһɫƿȥ
̫Яδ޻Լǰ˲ð
濴Ǻɫ֮дϢüͷ΢΢һ塣
̫ҲһţӵΪΪھӡû⣬һλ֮󣬾̫Ӽλ
ĳӣôͷҲӦһ
Ҷǰ֮⣬ŷٹ٣վ
һҳףͨɫԷɫ۴֮зĽǰ
һòףʳһͷϳһ޺ɫ䣬һ£ĳʻƽףһһ·ȱ̺޾ľ˴һĨ
󣬻żʮŮǰվһ𣬾ͳΪ˳к컨Ҷ
ǰ̫ӵ¡չ
黪Ϊ˱ոĹʹ͸㣬ΪķأҴͷΪоϣٽΪЧ
̫ºһЦһݽɫƤֽݸ档
治ǣһΪЧϹѣ
ѾΪ׼˽ӷ磬
̫΢΢һЦã
Ҷ֮ڣһʢֱٿ
ٿãչ岻ʣƫϢ
̫ǳΪ
һڻչߵòŮһĨӯӯǰ黪ˣ룬
ţ
浭ӦһòŮƫķȥ
£ټкιɣ
̤ƫͿչһѩ׵˿˯£ббһɳ֮ϣɢ˵Ϣףɢž˵
ƫ·ΪչĴڣޱȡ
һ˿˿µĻƫ֮Ư·һ˿˿Ҹζ
黪Һȱƣ
չ֮۲ת˿ͬһСһƱһЦ
չһЦͬٻţƫ֮ж·ȾһɫʣûʲôֵܹЦݡ
һ壬ӦдõĻ滨Ļ㡣ǿߣҲԵֵֻ㡣Ͼֻ޺д󲹣ѵ֮
չҸԩ޳ΪʲôҪݺң
濴òʿƾ֮УܹǰʮĻչһĨ֮ɫƽĮ
˲𣡣黪ȻֵܹҵȻ󡣶ҾȻܹһۿҵļıϧ̤ƫ֮ڣһоѾע
չ¶һĵЦݣָһһ⻪һֻֻ֣ץ˯֮ϣһ˺˺ķѣɴɢϡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һһֻֻӡ˺ҧӡʮֹĳڻչϡ
κһۿչΪ⵽Ķ֣ۡ

ͬһʱ䣬չһ·һ˺ѷεĲҽ֮
£ôˣ
¡
һ֮УƫĴֱըѿ
ʮӵΪĻŮһ³˴֮ڣһµ˻չǰһĿ档
գôˣգ
̫һ³ƫ֮ڣĻչ˫֮мԷһеĿֲ棬º͵Ťͬһ㰧š
ʮĴ幫Ҳ̫Ӵ˽˻չһĻĿһתϣɱ
չ棬ﰧ̫ӵ£ҸղϢúúõġ黪ͻȻ룬ңͼ죡ƴֵűסԼס£ҪΪ
黪ұ㡣Ϊȡ˷Ϊķأ㡣ҵģ㾹ȻҶҵŮ˳֣Ҫ壡Ҫ壡
̫˫۳죬ͬһ˵Ұһ㣬ſֲޱȵŭ

ȻҶԻչ֣
ޣˣ

̫ļʮĴӵҲŭĿӴ
һ壡иɻ壡չԼݺ黪黪ˡ
ɯվԶһĿһĻʮһˣеʱ䶼֮ϡ
ĵλֻҪģȫϳǧˣ֮ڡЩҲûлչ绪վɾԶһˣòŶԻչ֡
ʣǾʵııȱҸʮ֣
һ֮У΢΢һ¶һЦݣ˫ģ̾
չһĻкȻӿһ˿ԤУһ̫ӵĻУŰ̫ӵ£ҪΪ
黪㾹ȻҶҵŮ˳֣Ǿ͸ȥɣ
̫âһһŭһɫĹâ֮лƣĿֲȻͬ˲һǰһȭֱӺȥ


1544 ƾ
ǵı޷죬ʲôǵݣҲȫ޷
Ψһ©ĵطǾҵʵҪıҲʮּ򵥣ֻҪͳͳɱ⣡¾Ͳᴫȥ
浭ȻһЦ̽צһץһʺɫĹâצ֮ϣ˺Ѳ񷣬׾ٵĹᴩ̫ӵĻ磬˵k֮ڡ
ֲޱȵֱӱ̫ӵֱӺ飬˴ƬѪ
㾹ȻҶҳ֣
̫Ų֮ɫһһ
̫Ѿһļ̳ˣɱ൱췴ִʮ⣬ûκܹеСһĹ徹Ȼɱ
޴ҲһȻ޴ҪҵĵˣҲֻܹ·̫ӵ£ߺã
浭ӡ֣ɫĹâ̫ӣ̫΢΢һһĻҽ
̫ӵ±黪ɱˣ
ô죿
Ƕᱻɱģ

ڳŮһĻӿһ⣬岻ϵĲ
չǵȻɫ䣬΢΢һΣһȥkѾ֪ɱ
һһе͸ֱӸ֣ǽϷָһ
һֲޱȵĳһڻչϣǻչͬһ£׹䵽˴֮ϣһ´ѿѪ
濴׹ڵϣ˺۵ĻչĮչҸԩ޳ΪʲôҪݺң
չѪҧҲ֪˵ʲô黪㾹Ȼıɱ̫ӣѵ׷ɱ𣿡
˭˵ɱ̫ӵģĴ̿ǱҾٰᣬɱ䣬ɱ̫ӣҼִݻչҲһɱ˶󣡡
浭ȻһЦһ˲ƳһòͨĹǰ̽צһץһӡ֣ǹֱץȥ
Ҫɱң
һɫ䣬һŭϸֳһӰ֮⣬ֱըѿһѪɫӰ˺Ѳ񷣬ȥ
һץһѪɫӰͱһצץ飬ֱʧ
ǹһӰ΢΢һ֮һۣ޾׵ӰŮ峤漼Ρ
漼֮һĨĶ黪ʲôʱҵģ
ʼҾͷĴڣ漼ΣӰŮ峤ΪĿ̫ӣûд㡣ڿĿӦң̫ˣֻҪɱ㣬ͿԳΪɱ̫ӵ򣡡
Ӧøе˲ŶԣһӰŮ֮еĵλ˵ֿ߼֣
濴׵ӰŮ峤ȻһЦ֮гɱ
λ̫Ѿ黪СѾ񣬱ضɱǡΨɱǲһ˿֣
漼֮кâһһɫӰӴ֮и֣һ·ֳ˾ŸӰÿһӰ֮϶켶Ŀֲ
һ˿˿΢΢һǾŸӰֱʧ֮С
λ֣ɱֻɱǲһ
չ֮һĨâѩ׵ָһſһޱȵʻţ׷ɣһ֮ȥ
ɱ
ǼʮĴӵҲһĨɱ׷ʩչɱطȥ
ûֻɱңǲһϧǣ̫ˣ
浭ȻһЦֱͬһ̹һ㣬ݺݵײ˻չͷų֮ϡ
סֹޱȵ֮ըѿ
һâ΢΢һʹ֮Ӳĳ˳ûһ˺ۡ
ôܣ޵ʥǿߣô˵ƾ͵ֵסҵѿ󣿡
չĿɿڴ֮г˿־壬΢΢һΣͼطȥ
ץˣ
浭ȻһЦ˲Ƴڻչǰһצֱӷ˻չеֿ֮ڣȻһ˦ɵǼʮӵܵĹȥ

һޱȵĲҽ֮УչֱӱǼʮǿߺУһķѡ
һɺڶֱӸ֣չֱɡ
£
黪㱰ɣ

Ǽʮǿ֮жԻչĽĲһĻһŭ
浭ȻһЦͬ˲һ㣬ǿ֮ڣһͽһǿᴩֱӽԷɡ
һӰҫ·һΧǼʮһ㣬һһǿУҽ
ס֣ס֣ҪɱңʲôԸΪҪɱң
һһ죬һͷɫ̷ĸԸУޱȵŮһ±˵ϣ棬İ
жһͣһ˲һһǿֱӺ飬ա
һ˲䣬һӰӾ֮зɳΪһ塣
ס֣


ǾŴһ˫۳죬ֳһ˿˿Ӱȼе㱾ԴɢֲޱȵϢ淢
طǺݶǿ󣡣ϧѡˡ
浭ȻһЦһȭŤһֲޱȵֱӸ֣ǾŴߵĹУֱ飬ֲ˳ƺǾŴߵ֮ϣǾŴֱӺ飬ɡ
һޱȵӰϢ֣漼ͬһӰ֮иֳ֣һذףϢĺĴȥ
ڳˣһֱռдУҪץ㣬Ҫѵ
浭ȻһЦһʮͻأĳһֱۣһצ̽׾ٵķ漼εĵֿڡ
漼ɫ䣬ס֣黪һԸΪЧԸͶ㡣ӰŮҲԸΪһɣ
ӰŮ壡ţһȷʵе߹ļֵ㲻ɣ
һ˦漼ֱ˦ɣݺݵײ˵ϡ
һָһе漼ֱӴȥ
ֿ򣬾ȥ
ɨ漼һۣ
漼ν΢΢һֻܹҧƾǻеڣֲһޱȵĿӡ
ôֻʣˣͳͳҽ̤ʯɣ
һתǲдɭһЦȥ
ʮ֮ӵܾͼȫ䣬ֻɯԼӵܼÿͶһ
ûãӰŮ峤漼ǱҶ֮дɱ̫ӣҴɱ䣬ĻչԼĵϵ̳ɱϢʹ


1545 ǿ
Ϊ֮ŭΪ̫Ӹ巢ҵĹ
ҲΪ̫ӵ¸Ӳ淢˶ĹһٹУеǿͳͳɱ
չԭѾԭħơ嶼Ѿ֪ԭħ͸޵ʥǿߣûн밵磬Ȼܹһ㣬˲𣡡
һ֮ڣ˻չļ䣬ʱʲôչȻ᲻ϧݺ
ԭħȻ޷ٰ磬ǵkֶ죬ǲǱ磬ͬʱգķʱⲼ֣һʴ塣
Ѿԭħ͸ﵽ˾ųɣһҲΪ˲棬Żᶯ˻չһöӡ
һɫս׵ǰϣּ̫ݵ
浭ң
ǣϣ
̫Լʮ߼Ļ̤˴֮ڡ
оּ
Ϊһ̫һʥֺּ

Ǵλ֮ϣ̫࣬
һĻǰּ΢΢һ
һ̫󵨣Ǳµʥּּ£о㻹¹ּ췴𣿡
ϣ̫ˣɣ
Ŀ⵭ĮһָһɫĹâһû̫üġ
һѪһ³̫ü֮ϣһεѪ̫üĵأ΢΢һ˫Բɣһʬ壬˵ϡ
úݣ
ɫ֮һ֮оʢҲΪµо
޼ɵѾ׼˺Ƥ𣿡

Щǰּ̫Լ߼ĻһĻӿһ˿˿⡣
浭
ǣǣ
ּ̫ɫҰףеֺȫȥ˫ֲһʥּսսˣگԻо黪̫ӡչְоţΪ񣬷طת¹о
浭ȻһЦҵĹźͷأʥּ˼ǲŹҡҲԤе顣
һź£òʲҧ黪¹оֻҪ㽫ؽңҿ飬һ
ɭ¹оҽʲô˶ûпּĶڵ·֮ϣĹȫûź
šħսסսʿǴ˷ӿһͬһֱּӺȥ
µĴһ±ǻںƬʮ߼Ļʩչط˷ȥ
ͳͳΪҽְɣ
λ֮Ŀ⵭Įͬһ޵еħһץ
һӡֱӸ֣İĹâʮ߼Ļһ㽫ЩУڹһͻҳƮɢ
澲̫ӱɱһɣһʧ֮ôҲӲˡչֳ޷ЭǾ취չֳЭ
屾ɽ
ɽ֮УޱȵĻ䡣
ĵʽΪ֣һ־ϣºһǴӻֱ֮ӵһҷѣ
ɽ֮Ļ䣬ǻڶֵʽĸ塣
ɽ룬һȣǻĺǻĺ֮У洦ɼһޱȵĻŮ
ǻܵϲԵĳ谮κһŮޱȣûһ˿Ͼ˿֮жǾɫŮ
ǻҲǰ֮УΪĶ󡣼е嶼ӵһŮΪΪ١
һ΢΢֮г֣һŻȥ
֮УζϢȫ䣬ͷ·Ϊһ塣
ǻ֮Ůƣˣûһ˷Ĵڡ
ʲôˣȻҴһȣ
һ̤뻨֮ڣǻʹһԣΪ
һͷϴһ߲ʻһޱȵĻ֮£һ㻨֮Уס绪ľ˴ӻٴаĿ档
ǻ峤µһˣȻҼ֮УҲǰ֮С
浭ȻһЦһ֣Χڱֱ֮ɢȥ¶˱壬ĿŻ峤
ķо黪㲻죡ϵǿߣȻ˵أտС̫ҲСǺôĵӣ
ԣ黪ôţҲܽԽߡ졢󼫱ڡ㲻黪ħ
Ƿ绪׵Ļ峤һʱµ߰˰ˡ
΢΢һЦħȷʵ˵һħ㹴ԭħĵˡ
ԭħĵˣôܿԽϣֻҪıԴûбشЩħ֮еǿӦ޷ǵ磡
峤ɫ䣬ӿһ˿˿⣬
ʮƽطǿƣִʤԭħ飬δ峤һ峼ң򣬽ǻȵͳͳֻ·һ
黪Ȼԭħң
峤֮һ㺮˪һһ䣬֮л磬һĿֲϢӵk֮
浭ȻΪԭħ޷Խ磡԰ĵֵ̣ܵסԭħı档
ԭħһ޵ʥĿֲǿߣ޵ʥ֮ҲһĴڡⰵ֮Ҳֻȼܹk⡣
Ȼˣı¡ܹʤùңôǻһͳ㡣ˣǾ͸ǻһΪūʮ꣡Ͼǻһ岻ܳһ
峤ȻһЦͬٻţɷ
浭һЦãһΪ
һ˲䣬£һʻȻţһɫĻӿϯȥ
һӡ֮⸡֣γһֲޱȵУɫĻֱɡ
ǻ֮Уʻţһ̺Ļһϯ
ܿϧǻһطҵƵ̫ˣ
浭ȻһЦһͬһһеĿֲڶ컨ֱɣͬ˲һ㣬һɲ֮䣬ͳڻ峤ǰһȭ˺Ѳ񷣬ǻ峤ֱӺȥ
٣
峤ɫ䣬ָһ㣬һɫĹâ΢΢һһ̺֮ȻӴ֮бĿֲѹһ˲֮ϡ


1546 
һֲޱȵ֮кݺݵնϣһ㽫նɳ֮ңƬѪ񷡣
ˣ
峤֮һ¶һ˿˷ܵЦ⡣
һپǻǿĵƣҲǻ峤ĸ壬ֲޱȣʥǿߡkΨһ޷뿪ȣǰ硣
ٵ˻϶Ѿ䣬˰ļ֮⣬û֪徹Ȼ˿ֲɱﵡ
Ȼܹ˵ңһ㱾£
һâ΢΢һֱӳ֮УϳһҼ絽󸹣ɼǵ˿ڡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һϵ˿ھ˲ϡ
峤һĻ֮һĨ֮ɫʧеôܣҲһˡôôǿ󣿡
£
浭ȻһЦâһ΢΢һΣһֱӷȥ
Ҳһޱȵɱ⣬ֱһ飬һնɱʥǿߣ֮Ȼ֣նȥ
֮һ֣һ˿˿ѷ֮ӣռ䶼̮˻Ϣ
磬һܹһǳ
Ŀ䣬ָһţ֮Уһ̺㱾ʵӡֱӸ֣ſֲޱȵɺڹ⣬֮һ
ǿնһе֮һնӡ֮ϣ΢΢һͱӡֱɡ
Ϊҽɣ
һ֮У֮ǰɭһЦָһ֮ϣ֮һö̺ɱʵӡֱӸ֣ٵ
֮ϣһ´ʹޱȵĹ֮㱾ԴԴԴϵıȡ
ס֣
峤ɫ䣬һУ㡣
Ŷɫǹ֮Լ֣ޱȵĹâ˺Ѳ񷣬ȥ
屾ͲóսıʱҿƣȻս޴
Ŀ⵭Įֱӻӳһȭһȭᴩ񷣬ǾŶɫǹ֮飬ĺڻ峤֮ϡ
ǻ峤֮ϣһ¸ֳŶޱȵɫ
ǾŶޱȵɫһը˾ŴΣȫ
ɫĻ峤Ҳǿֲȭâݻ٣ķѡ
峤
ɶ黪㾹Ȼɱ峤Ҹƴˣ

ЩľɫŮǿǻ峤飬ʱ֮һĨߺɱ⣬ʩչֻĹɱطȥ
һĨɱ⣬ɭޱȵ峤ҿɲϧˣҪһȫǣ
ס֣
һֱߴ׵ĺɫ֮и֣ſ˳ɫķ磬ǻǿǵĹͳͳסǺɫĻ룬վһ绪ľˣǻ峤
峤ҧ黪ӮˣǻĻ٣
Ӯˣǻ壬ԸжԼ
浭ȻһЦӡâʢܱøӵĿֲٷȻ㱾ԴɣһĻҽ
ס֣ǻԸ⳼ס֣
峤ҧڵϣӯӯһݣ
ǻ⻨֮ӵƣǿ߶ɵ֡
ǿףɰÿƻ򻨰壬峤ֻܹѡ񳼷
ĻŮ֮ҲһĨ֮ɫһڵϡ
温Ż峤¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫ֮͸¶ɭޱȵɱ⣺峤㻹ǴһţǻȵͳͳɣҵʵͿԱøǿһ֡ѡҵĴˣ
峤΢΢һƾ賬֪ܹоԲǿţĴ㡣
Ҫǵڣ½ơ
֮߳һָһе˿ֱӷɳǻľɫֱӴȥ
Ȼһǿߣǵֻֿûһܹ뿪ȡ
峤һۣһһѹǿߣټһ㣬ǻǿ߾Ҳûа취ߡ
峤һ֮̾һĨģƾǻе˿ûԼڣγһޱȵӡ
ں֮󣬾ѾüΪֲͷǿҲӵkĿơ
峤ڵӡ֮󵭵ϣлγƺ
浭ҽ棡֪ͨ͸˵һˣҪһҷʽˡ
ԥһᣬҧӦǣϣ
ǻԴùҪ
浭һ䣬Żȥ
ܿ죬һ𾪰ĻϢһ´Ĵ¹Լ߹㹫ͬʱķо黪Ӱ֮£˾ˡ
һ˲䣬滯黪ͳΪ˰֮оųϵԼʺĽĶ

һ´֮ڣһޱȣƲϿֻжʮһӴ۾֮ϣϡ
·վسǡ
һг£о黪ɱּ顣񼫣ּɱо塣
һֱӷ£ɣоѾǻĹͬѾΪѡһǶضﻨ塣֮ʣ˶ҷоɱּ飬ȫ޻̸֤֮ݣ򲻿һ塣
оɱּѾ֪飬ôܹǷǲ֣
֤أȫ˵оɱּ飬֤𣿡

һֱ˳ڳ֮۲ݡЩһƬĬһﲻ
ɨЩһԲĿǣһĨ֮ɫּ⣬о̫Ӳܣ˰ʮꡣ
ʥ
ڳسȫһ񣬹
˳
ӻ֣Լ鷿ȥ
ۣ
һصԼ鷿
ڣ
һŤĹâ΢΢һһ̷òͨǿ߱ǰϥ¹
̫ӵǲı黪ûйϵ
۹£Ŀǰ鱨̫ӵµȷʵйϵҲ黪еĹϵп黪ĳЩܱ̫ӵ·ˣɱڡ
һĨâɶ񣡣黪ȻɱҺԼּ顣ǲ棡


1547 ս
֮ڣһ֮ڣһֲޱȵзΧһ
߽ϵİԴֱӷǸ֮УǸҳƮɢ
ޱȵӡ֮и֣΢΢һû֫ٺ֮ڣһĿֲϢ֮л
ˣǻȣȻԴḻޱȡȻҽ죡
֮ڣ˫ۣԼǿȣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮󣬸ԼĲ²⣬ǿֻѾԽ޵ʥǿߣ֮Ҳֻѷһ
һҽ죬ҵǿֻ¿֮ƥСٿԺĶƥС
Լ仯һĨ֮ɫ
֧֮ߣ鲼ӵ켶Ŀֲ
Щֻ֮ҪԸ⣬ȫһ˴ݻһܼ7档ǿ֮һܹһܼΪ1档
˽ϣ
ãһЦԴ𣿡
οЦϣǻȵԴѾһˡ
ǰĴ֮һӵޱȵԴҪԴɽ纣ЩԴľս
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ѿһգ۶һˣ
ޱȣǰ֮ΪԴ塢ĴС
Ի֣Ϊ˻ûԴϧȻҲǰĴ֮һԴȴ޷
۶ǡ
ǵĽֵ֮ϣһ绪ʳľǻ峤

㣡
ֻ㣬ǻȻ㣡

ǽֵ֮ϣŮ˶Ŀ⿴ŻһĨ֮ɫ
ȻȻǻ峤ӵ츳ǿߣҲ᲻֪жøС
ȻȻԭħЩǼ㣬һֻ֮ۼû̫ãҲֻܹ΢ЩøУС
ֹûеõµĴ˲ý룡
ڣֱס棬ΪһӵһΪͳ
浭ȻһЦ֮УһĿֲϢֱӱ˷ɢȥ
о黪ǰս
һ֮лص
죬黪Ȼ죬ֽٶȣ̫ˣ׻ʲôȻս
¹⹫һӦһĿֲϢʱĿɿڴһĨ֮ɫ
ǿֻ֮Ҫ㹻ĹѫͻᱻΪΪĸ߲㣬վ޴ȨƣΪһͷ
ĳ֮ϣЩǶһγһӴޱȵĹϵ
¹⹫Ҳû뵽澹Ȼô̵ʱ֮ڣ졣
ߵѧԺԺ˫ۣڵķһۣ֮һĨâ죡ÿµĽٶȣ黪һλ޴󡣿ϧ̫죬Ȼ͸޴
ڰһ߲֮УǸ˶Ǹǿߡ
֮еҲĵһǿߡε游һһεųΪڵһ壬ǳΪĻ塣
֮Уκ߼ǿֻҪ죬ͿԿսͨһϵе֮ս
ȻսսʧܣôͱΪūΪս㵮Ҳū
ε۲ŴԣʵֲܵС̫ͬ츳ˣĵ֮Ѿ졣ǲ⣬̫Ҳ޵ʥ֮˳ļ̳
֮Уû˸սε
澹Ȼսʱ֮еǿǡ
һߵĿⶼ֮У뿴δ¡
о峤ˣ룡
һòӢޱȵǿߴ֮߳Ŀһۣ
ǿߵĴ֮£˴ػȣ´֮ڡ
ʱ´λ֮ڵkֱʮһɢ켶ͷ
ʮһͷ֮£һǿߡ
黪㾹ȻսôҾͳȫ㣡һأѪԣֻˣܹ
ɨһۣɭһЦг޾ɱһָ
ӡҫһһȴͶӰֱӸ֣һӵkǵ˫֮ϡ
浭ȻһЦǸֳһ˿֮ɫƾȴͶӰӡ
ʮ֮ЩͶӰʧ
ĿҲȴͶӰĹâʧڴʧ
ڶأҪ֮Уֵ첻
Ŀ䣬һָ
Ǵ֮ڣһֱӸ֣ӡҫγһ޴Ĺ
ǹ֮Уһͷ峤ߴףӡĿֲܡ
һͷֲޱȵľܾܣһʥĿֲޣҲԶ֮Դ
ԶǻһͷܵһξѪһͻѪԽͷܣkֱѹ֮УΪĵ֮һ
ҪսһؾҪԽ֮Դ壬ûʸΪµ
⹬֮ڣӵʮһͷܹܵҲֻһˡ
浭ȻһЦһ̤ǹ֮ڡ
ͷϵֱӷߣһ֮ܵſһֲޱȵ˷ɢȥ
֮⣬ʮһͷɫ΢΢һ䣬ѹֲסԼѪ궯ͷΪУʵ½һɡ
ǿ߸ǲһĹڵϣƴĵֵѪ֮ĺ
ܵѪ֮ϧҺӰ죡
ͷһһ˿Ѫ֮궯ͱѹơ
ʱϵ֮һޱȵа̺˶䡢ааֱֱȥ
΢΢һ˲ԭʧ
ǹޱȵаȴͬӵһ㣬ڤڤķ֮£û֮Уޱȵĺ֮ϡ


1548 ս
һѣΡĸоһӿ飬ͬ˲һж΢΢֮ͣͣС
ͷһǴСɽһ˫ۣһɫ׹ӵk˫֮ڵѪ֮ڣһ±Ȼ𣬻Ӷ˺Ѳ񷣬ݺȥ
ǹޱȵ侹Ȼܹ΢Ӱҵж˲𣡲ҲΪֹˣ
һİĺڹһǣе䶼ѹֱһȭܵľ֮ϡ
¡
ǷӡܵĹΪ֮һͷ峤ߴ׵ͬڵһ㵹ɶһֻֻ۾ϵըѣÿըһֻ۾ϵͱжȥһ֡
ڵʵ
һĨâ΢΢һһͬ˲һǰһȭһȭݺݵĺͷ֮ܵϡ
ͷƴֵȴǲϵըѣѪ񷡣
ЩѪһ֮ܵзɳ㱻һޱȵǣûڣΪһ֡

Ȼȫѹܣ
ǿµĹһλҲֻ֧ܵ죡
ܣҪˣ

Ǵ֮ڣĸͷǼһĻһĨ֮ɫ
Ϊֲ֪˶ٴkȻǿĴšĳʼҲֻǽkӡΪkʵֲ̫
ֲĹﾹȻҪֱŵ˼㡣
ˣͨڶˣ
֮һ´һɫĹâֱӷֿ
ͷܻ鿪ѣʮǱ㲢ãһ˻Ǹӡ֮ڣץһӡԼϲȥ
濴ŵǿǶһˡ׺ףÿһοԸȥӡÿһηӡ£ھȻƵҷӡǵһΡ
һɫĹâ΢΢һͳڴ֮ڡ
黪ڿʼеأǾǻңֻҪܹңµҵУӴԺ󣬾ҵūߣҲҵūڷü
˫֮һĨâ棬һ޵ʥĿֲӵk֮л
浭㾹ȻȰҷսǲˣ
黪ֻǲ뿴һĳ١ȻҪôҾͳȫ㣡
һĨɭޱȵɱһָһɫĹâ΢΢һִ
һ˲䣬һͱһޱߵľ޴
ǳһƬɳĮ֮ϡ
ĺվʮһͷԼϵǿߡ

ɱһӡҫһ¸ֳһֻֻ飬ëȻĹ첨ֱӿȥ
һаޱȵħᴩ񷣬ŤһУȥ
ַЧ
һЦһǹޱȵħֱӺȥ
һޱȵħʮֹһŤһֱɢһǻ˿һ´ϡ
һɲ֮䣬ʱоתʶŤ·һŤҵʱ֮УƬûʱţ˵˼Ҳ·Ť
ȻԴͷܣѾԽܣ޵УһķҲսңǲ
ɭһЦֳһ޽ֱһն¡
һɫĽâֱӸ֣п˿ռ䣬һֲޱѷֱ֮г֣죬ݺݵնϡ
һɼǵ˿һ³֮ϣƬѪ񷡣
ֻһ̣˲˼һĻˣѪոշɳֱӵɣûڣɼǵ˿Ҳһ֮ȫϡ
ôܣôôǿ᣿еĿǡ񽣡һ񽣡նѵ˿ڣԻָ
һĨ֮ɫĻӽնȥ
һֲޱȵĽâնϣն¶һؽذһĹͷ
նϵ˿ڶܼٶϡ
ÿµ
Ч
ǳԽЧÿµطÿֲ

ʮһͷһĻͷƤ΢΢顣
񽣡֮µ֮ʮһͷû˸һѾն˰ٰʮȻڲϵĻֱָƿֲ
ʲôʽϣҵҪܹʲôʱ򣡡
һĨâӽնһ˲նһǧһޱȵĽӰһ
Ѫ֮зɽȻĽӰֱӽ顣
Ȼܹ֮ã˲𣡣£֮ǰЩСˣϧעҪ
ͬһõһ˫ۣһصӡͬһĹ֮и֡
չ¶ЦգͬöЦһӰ΢΢һһ˲ƳǰһצһһصĻ磬ֱӺ֮ڡ

һޱȵֱӱ飬һӰʧԭվĵطһѵ顣
ȻӵطϧעҪҵС
ɭһЦһ˲ƣһƬ֮У̽צһץһ֮Уһ¹ᴩǸո۳͵
һٴѿ飬һѵٴθ֡
ҵҪܹٴΣ
һЦһĨӰ֮̽צһץٴιᴩ塣
黪ƾ㣬Ҳɱң
âһŭ˲ǿۣȼѪ֮ӽնȥ
һ֮ǰǿʮϵĿֲâնȥ

Ŀ䣬ɭһЦܣȻһצץȥ
¡
һУֱӱһնѣͷҲն鿪צȴֱӴڡ
ɣ
ɭһЦ֮еӡ˲䱬ס㱾Դ
ɰ壡ĺıɰ壬۰壡
һĨ֮ɫһſ鸡֣һаֱȥ
ϧȻ֪ҵıʣôҲͲˣ
һЦ֮⸡ֳһȦӡİɺڹ⣬аֱɡ
ͬھɣ
һĨ֮ɫ֮иֲֳޱȵĲһǴһȦ


1549 𾪰
ͬھѾͬھʱ
һЦӡâʢֲޱȵ֮˲䱬
΢΢һӴޱȵһ˲䱻ֱɣûڣһ±һ߹ޱȵĸʬ
ô
һĨ֮ɫһޱȵĲҽУ΢΢һһƬҽƮɢ
ˣ
µˣ

Ǵ֮УеͷжһĨ֮ɫһĬȻ
ȻΪ׽ļͷҲҶ˵һ仰
ɱȴѾͨѾĵһǿߡǼͷ꣬Ҳֻᱻѹ
â΢΢һһ»ص֮ڡ
˵ע֮£һֱ£·ǿߣĿ⵭Į
㲻࣡
һͷʹͷһ
㲻࣡

һ֮ǿ߶ʹͷ
ãһǻ֮дȥ
䣡黪ȻΪµôܣǸӵܣôսɹΪµ
ߵѧԺԺһеһµڵϣˤķѣг˲š
黪ߵѧԺ֮оһʮֳĴӵܡߵѧԺԺû뵽Ǹһ򿴲ӵܾȻ˶̵ʱ֮ڣѾɳزȻսɹΪµ
ǸСӣȻǿˣ֪ҲҪҵŮϧ̫ϧˣ
¹⹫һǸĿɿڴŤǾϲǻںޡѾнɯ޸ͷȻѡԼŮѡ
ǵ¹⹫֪ܹΪµΥɯԸҲҪ͸档ֻǵȻ棬ͬҲգҪעټԭûôȴڵ˼㡣
ͬһʱ䣬ߵѧԺԴ֮УһǿͻĿֲϢһ˷
ͻƣˣ黪ҵšһҪʮ֮ڣɱ㣬ܹһйͷ֮ޣ
ճһЦü֮г˷֮ɫ
ʳ̶̼꣬Ѿʥ߽׵㣬ٶ֮ҲǼΪ졣
ʱ֮һɫֻâ΢΢һһӣ緢Ц£ʲô£
ɫֻ֮У¾־ո磬黪黪ѾͨѾΪµ
ʲôµôܣƾǸôܳΪµ
׻鶯ҡ־塢ָһӿ۵һ³һѪһ˹ȥ
ʥ֮ǰ
ҵˣ
濴һ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ̤֮ڡ
صӡ֮и֣Ӵޱȵĺɫֱӿȥ
İ֮Դ֮ǻȵʮϣϣİ֮Դҽ죡֮ǿ
濴Ӵޱȵĺɫ΢΢һ֮иֳصӡŴ˷۶ĺɫ
ڡ
ʲô黪ȻնɱҳΪµôܣǸһȫʢ״̬黪ôնɱ˵ϢǲǼٵģ
·һڵϵĿ䣬
ڵϣ亹ֱ£ϢǧȷѾͨʮַʽȷһ鱨ʵԡ
Ŀ䣬Ĭ˺һᣬ£
ǣ£
һѸ¡
黪һͨӵܣõķ֣ô֮죿ԭħǲ㶯ֽţ
ĿһָһҫԭħͶӰһ³ǹ֮ڡ
ԭħһ壬ֽסһ棬ҲøֶΣʴŰ硣
ǰ֮У֪жԭħӺͿܡȻҲ֪ЩkѹһУ뻢ıƤԭħһ
ԭħһĨ֮ɫ黪ҵӡУҲûܹɱӡûв´ĻӦҵ汾Ǳ硣Ҳֻ֮жž޵Ĺܹ˶̵ʱ֮նɱ
Ŀ亮㲻˵֮Ҳ޷ǿǰ𣿡
ԭħ֮ǿƣӵе湦طͬҲ챦¹ĴڡЩ֮ΪΪ
Ŀ˸ڸô죿
ԭħ˫֮Ĺϧһдۣǿ壡ܹԴͷչһȫɳ綼Ϊ֮
һĨ֮ɫɭһЦ飡Ǻ飡ҺܾˣȻΪĿ𣿡
ԭħĿ˸ôѲĿ̲һͳΰ磬彫֮أ
ƽ޲黪壬ôȷʵ֮ء黪ֻۡҪͶض塣ϾҲ־֮֮λۣȻԽԽãԽǿԽá
ԭħĬһᣬȻһЦҲǸʾ֮ôܸĳ档Ҫ˷ʱˣһս˽ˡҷģڰӣϣһͬɱ壬Σ
ȻһЦһ˿˿ϵã
ԭħǿһɹʶʼȫŷ
֮طȫ
¾ʱĸȫ֮£һʧأڽڰˡ
ʱȮ塢塢屳ˣݺݵıͱһذܡ
֮УҲǿߺȻûκ׵ֱͶ壬һһ߱
塢Ȯ塢塢Ĵ֮ûĴϣһ·ǵķȥ
Ĵ֣Ĵ峤ɱԾ׵һһҪǵķͦ
̶һµʱ䣬Ĵ͵ƽһеΧҪԽԽӽǡ


1550 ѹ
·һͦΣ಻ӣӾͷ֮һ޺㡣
ʲôˣ
޺Ȼ˫ۣԶȥһĨ֮ɫ
ң
һȥǿߴӰӰ֮˳һǧ߼ǿߡ
޺üͷ΢΢һ壬鲨㾹ȻӶˡҪ췴黪ͨͳ̳ˣΨһ棬ҲͨɱȴŵԵ֮λĴͳ
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޺ʧôܣ۶Ѿ֤黪ȷʵѪ
ħǿơ֮޵вĴڣȻҲ۵
޺㣬һͨӵ֮ܲ䣬ѾԻֽٶ̬쳣ˣѵûлɹ𣿡
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Ŵԣڳͷж΢΢һݡ
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ɢһɫĹ⣬վǺɫݵһߣĸ·ʮͷ
ʮͷǻɢһɫĹ棬ӿһ˿˿ëȻĸо·У
뱳ޣ壿Ȼˣ޾ʹһ
温ʮͷкâһЦ
һޱȵĹâҫ汾ͳһͷһצͷķ磬˵kڡ
һӡֱӸ֣һɫĹâһͽһͷֱɡ
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鲨һĨ־֮ɫһ𣬻һſһֻֻ۾۾ۣγһֻޱȵħۣ濴ȥ
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طΪοʺԼԼɱΪĿططףıԴ֮ɣȻޱȣԶߡ
浭һЦкâҫˣ޼ȻѾϣôˣ
Χܲ
ԶԶǣһĨâڣѾʼ
ڷǲ̫һ㣿һˡڽֻ»Ƶ鲨k黪һ𣡣۽绹ûб򿪣ǿǣ̫󣡣
һȮһȮβĿ࣬òӢȮ峤һĨس
ûڽĻɲᶯ֡
һϰ࣬°ƥ峤Ҳ
ͷϳһǵ峤ǳĬֻǶ
ħ棬֮УҲ츳ԭħĿֲڡkͨɰ壬һkɳʱ䣬kɳһ˼ĵزڲѵǽҪΪĶʳ𣿡
Ȯ峤ôǿһʱҲʲô仯ȻҪǿҲǲСΪǿԸ
峤Ҳ΢΢ͷ
ʵ̫޴һսһ屻ƽ弸ƣ˵ܾˣõĽ


1551 
ã
һȨ
ĴЭ֮ĴľڳΪ飬ͬһֱӷȥ
֮ϣǿʩչطһֻֻ̺䡢ףˡʴ綾ֹ쳬֮۾֮и֣Ĵǿߺȥ
֮֮£ɰǧǿߵĻֱӱֱӸɵ
ľһӽǵʱǵĳǽ֮ϣȻһĹħۡ
ħһɵĹâǿһǿͬʹһ㣬ֱ֮׹䵽ϣȾһɵ֮⡣
ǿʩչĹɱطոպͱǻɵĹâһһ±߳ϣֻɱһЩʵǿߡ
ڰ֮УÿһжһҪѹ
ԭħԼصӣҲɣ͹Ҫִ˵ء
ޣ
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ͷ޵֮ϣڵۼ׶ûкơ
ԳǳصսޣûƶٻԴĴ㣬ûʲôǵĶ֡
ͷޣһĨɵ֮ɫ
ͷԭħ֪ʶޱȵرԴĿֲޣˣǿֲΨһ̲㣬ƶٻֻܹǡ
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һɫĹħֱ֮һǹ޵֮ϡ
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֮ѾˣȴʱСʱһְɣ
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ʮ塢Ȯ塢塢ͷֱӷɳȫ͵ľʩչֹɱطֱ֮Ӻȥ
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һ춯صĿֲը֮ڶǳǽ֮ϵһֱֻֻըѿ
ǳǽ֮ϣͷֵĻȻʮĴͷΧҲԵֵһ
ͷȥΧ棬ǳǽ֣֮۳ǽϲħըѣ粻ϵı
Ĵһǳǽ֮Ϲȥǽ֮ϵǿɱһ
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ʱͷӦóʿڶûһͷ֣ǿһֱĸо
黪ǵˣ
һ֮
һɲ֮䣬֮еþγһɿֲޱȵĻеս֮еĴɱȥ
Ҳӵʥ߼սĲþγɵĻе֮Ĵͳͳն顣
šħսסֳֻڵֱ񲿶ҲͶս֮УkеĻڻרɱЩĴ֮߼ǿߡ
һɫҫһɫƶϷ֣澲նƲ֮Уɣ·һ޵еħ񣬸·ϡ
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ǳǽ֮ϣҪһƣĴеΧ֮˲أսʿһʿʢж˳ݡ
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Ǿվƶ֮е棬΢΢һһ䡣
һЦһӮˣЩȻʧܣͷҲһɨգҪԸģֻһˡôǿ󣬶ˣҲֻ·һ
𣡡
ʱȻĴһЦһָ
ʮֱߴһǧսֱӸϷڿĹսڿ֮Ĵľϡ
ĴľͬĨֱӴĨȥһ㣬һ˲ʮϵʵʥߵսʿֱӺɱҽʧ
ס֣
һĨâһŭȻɳԼ֮Уſ磬ĶЩڻĺ
ȮҲֱӷɻԼ֮Уſ磬ֵǶʮսĹ
𣡣
âһָһţصӡҫڵkëֱӷɳɱһеĹǶʮսֱӴȥ
һǽɵĽ֮ϣ׾ٵĹᴩ˽磬Ƕʮսȥ
ûõģעɣҸһĻᣡ׼øңҾ͸һ·
Ŀ䣬̽צһץһֲޱȺڶֱӸֱ֣ɡ
ǶʮսâһڹâҫĴһɨ䡣
ĴȻȫſ˽磬Ȼͬһֻֻһ㣬ǹɨУըѣֱ߱
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ޣ
һĨâһ֣ɫľ廯⣬һûͷ޸Ĺڡ
ͷһɫľ壬һѿ䶯һ˲ȬɢűȹȥǿֲϢ


1552 ɱ
ͷһָȫʢٴųǽķļײȥ
һǶʮսڹâ΢΢һһɱĻֱӺ˲ͷ޵֮ϡ
ͷ޵һ˲䱻һ󶴣ȻɫĹâ΢΢һ˲ֱȬ
Ŀ΢΢һֱһһģֱӳͷ޵֮ǰָһţڶֱӸ֣ͷһֱӽͷ޾УŵkǵԴ
ǰ֮һ˿飡̺Ŵޱȵܹ֮ϵϧȼ̫ߣ˹ĹԼӵɱʵǿ֮⣬˸޷һ˿֮顣
濴ͷɺڶ֮ŵĹޣһĨϲ֮ɫ
֮һ˿飬֮Уܹ֮ۡĿֲڶᡣ
Ҳֻڰ֮֮Упҵһ˿
ڴϳˣ֮Ļ
΢΢һ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫһӣһźɫӡĲĻֱӷɳޱȵ⣬һ
ǹޱȵĲĻһſγһ磬һ¾Ǹ֮ڡ
һɫĹâǲĻ֮зɳͷһk֮ʧ
һ˿˿ҫͷԼһޱȵ磬֮Уռ佻ͬһռУκ֮µĴڣһͻ˲䱻ռ֮顣
һҲʱʱֵ֮̿ǹи˿ռ֮⣬ûĵҲȫ޷õ䡣
𣿡
һ˿˿ŤĹâ΢΢ҫ֮и֣ĸ棬Į
ȮԼʮͷһһ֣ĸ档һư֮ôǿߵΧ֮£Ҳһ
浭һЦûԭħ𣿡
絶棬ҵȣֻҪ㽫յ֪ʶʹнΪҵȹͬЧʮꡣǾͻɣ򣬽֮ա
ܹ˶̵ʱ֮ڣѾԿһӵмΪֲط
ƾҲҳǲ
浭ȻһЦһŤֱ˲Ƴһͷһצ׾ٵĹᴩͷ壬һӡֱӸ֣˲佫ͷֱɡ
ɱ
һĨŭ֮ɫȻ˫צ̽·һͷ񱩣湥ȥ
һģһƺ˫צ֮ϣһѸٱˣʮֹһ˸һͷǰһצһͷֱӽkɡ
ȮһĨ֮ɫϰһȮһͷë׵ȮٶȱһһɫĹâͬ˲һ㣬ǰһצץȥ
âһָë۳ͣγһնɱ񵶣նȥ
ϸֳصӡһʥ֮и֣ӡգ֮д粽С
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Ȯһצɺڶ֮ϣһֲޱȵɺڶһ˲ֱըѿ
ǿֲޱȵıըֱӽȮˣצ顣
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һ˲䣬һնұ֮ϣնѪ⣬ӲĽұֱնϡ
ƬѪ֮ӿ񷡣
һĻЩͷжһĨ֮ɫǿǼʮͷһ֣ȴֻǽˣûнɱֱš
һЦȻĿǰҪ֮еͷЩѣϧҴһս
һ˲䣬һ֮ޡͬһֲޱȵĶһ㣬һ¹ᴩſӡ࣬˳ƶ£˲̴Ȯࡣ
֮߳һǡ֮ޡͽֱӾɣӡԼı
һռ΢΢һһ߼ĲþԼ߼ʥ߼ĲþֱӷɳЩͷǹȥ
һȺϣѰɣ
һͷһһӳһɿֲޱȵķ籩㻷ڵk֮⡣
ǵ߻ʥ߼ĲþһǷ籩ķΧͳͳʳ飬촷ۣоƬҲ顣
һͷʩչطͬѹһ㣬ЩþԼþ״ݻ١
棡ܹдϢĻᣡ
ȵ߶ֱնȥ
̮֮·ĲþԼþͳͳӣȫ
ϧǴΨһһԻҵĻᣡ
һЦǲ˵һ˲Ȭ̽צһץİĺڹ⣬һץ֮ϡ
һİĺڹ񵶼Ө⽻֯ۡһ˲ֱӱҲնһֲޱȵĵۣ¶˾ӨĹ
㻹˲ҵѾ޽ӽ֮㾹Ȼܹ˵ңֵýɣҾͽͷɣ
浭ȻһЦ΢΢һΣӰһ³ͷǰ̽צһץͷĻ磬˵kǵڡ
һ֮΢΢һͷͱֱɡ
һ˲䣬Ӷ֮ޡ綾һ㣬׾ٵĹᴩһͷ壬ͷֱѹӡŵk
֣ɱ棬ֻɱǲܹһ
û棬ӿһ˿˿־壬ͬʱ߶նȥ
ûõģע
һצֱ̽飬Ӱٴγͷǰͷkֱɡ
ǿռ֮еͷǶ˷֮УЩþ׺Ͳþߣ׷ʩչɱطȥ
ˣ̫ˣ
浭һЦ·һĨӰһ㣬֮һһͷֱ˺飬Ȼɡ
һͷĹ󲿷ֶܹЩ޷ܵĹҲǿֲޱȵһһסеƶһ˾ٶȻָ


1553 ʤ
һĨ֮ɫסǸŮˣնɱ棡
ã
âȼڵѪһ֮ڵkΧƣ仯Ϊһͷ㹥ȥ
һɣ˺ҧһӰ˺飬Ĳס㡣
֮ȼհɣǵıԴ
˫۸ֳصӡһ̺ԴĿֲӡڵkü֮и֣ųֲޱȵ

ס֣£

һһͷһ֣һҽУķȼ㱾Դһâһûڡ
һָһͷչʮʮԳӥĳӥֱӳ֡
ӥһѪԴͷⰵ֮УҲǾ֮һÿһ춼Ҫ̳ʮߡ֪ǿǰȥսkһڳԵ
ǰ֮Уκǿ߶ܻ㣬ӥ޾Ի񣬳Ϊһ޵а
ӥһȳһֲޱȿռ籩Ȼ͡
ǿֲޱȵĿռ籩֮£֮µĲþͳͳʳ촷ۡ
ǲдǧ߼ĲþҲֻܹſ磬ǿ֧š
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֮д谭˸޷ǿ棬ҲȻͬ֩סĳһ㣬ÿһ֮䣬ֻܹǿƶ
һƶڳ˵Ѿĸ٣ӥһ˫ٶȾ͸ߴＸ꣬һɲ֮䣬ͳǰ޴ӥצ˺Ѳ񷣬ץȥ
һĨâĹָһţӡֱӸֲ֣ޱȵɺڹһӥֱ¡

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΢΢һһըѿֲޱȵıըֱӽ֣֮γһϵĿն
ͬһʱ䣬µʮʥͽֱӸ֣ȼձԴ֮ʮһ˲ֱӺ֮ڡ
ǿȼʮͷ㱾ԴټϵkԼһɿֲ˲壬ڱʮʥͽһһ±ᴩԴˡ
˲𣡣ĵ̣ȻֻһܹĨɱǿϧ
յĺڶ֮УһǽֻʣһȱͷһǺڶ֮߳
㱾ԴתΪĺɫâһûǲȱİͷ֮ϣǲдİͷѸٵ
ѸȬ棬ǻڵʲôȥɱ
棡㾹Ȼɱ峤Ҹ㲻ݣ
棬ͬھɣ

ͷһĨ֮ɫʼȼԼ㱾Դ
˵Դݻһ֮ᴩ񷣬ֱӺȥһ˲֮ϣֱӺƬһ촷ʧ
һӰ΢΢һֻʣ¹Ǽܵһ³һͷǰһצ˵kĻ磬kڣŵkǵ㱾Դ
һĻһŲ֮ɫǲӰӰôôƵӰ
ⰵͷʵȻҪö࣬ȴҲλ涥Ŀֲڣֱܷ治Ӱ澹ȻһӰƭǰͷһֱš
һ֮дǧܲþ׷ǲдͷȥ
Щͷһܹʮþ׺촷ۣЩþҲסЩͷ
ͷ֮䲻ϵĴÿһΣɱһͷ
ԶԶϵ㱾Դû֫ٺ֮ڣĹʼϡ
ǰͷ֮ϵѷ죬Ҳڷٵʧ
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âһһȣһĨӰֱӷȥ
ٶѾ쵽㣬Զͨͷٶȱ滹Ҫһͬ˲һǰһն
һɫĵâնȥ
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浭ȻһЦһɺڶֱӸֱ֣ɡ
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һǱ޾ϧʹǣǲ̫ԶˡɱЩѾ㹻
浭ȻһЦĿϣһ˲Ƴһȭֱӹᴩ
ôܣôܻ
һĨţƴһ֮ڡ
һ֮޴ݺݵĳͷ­֮ϣһͽͷ­ɷ飬֮Ҳһһ顣
һӡ֣ڹһҲֱɡ
һͷһĨɫеˣԸ⳼飬һ
һȮͷҲధˣҲԸ⳼ΪЧһ
סڣЩͽ
峤˶ѾͽУǾȻҡβѵÿɳ𣿡

ǲдͷ֮Уͷ
ǲԸǾȥɣ
һӰ΢΢һͳһͷһȭͷķͷᴩڹһͽͷֱɡ
һ֮һ飬һͷ֮޺Уһķѣֱ֮һȫɡ
һӰЩͼͷֻɱ
ʮ֮յһƬɫĻֱʧ
ֱӳ֮У󣬸ͷ
ս֮ϣĿ׷׼֮У˶˵һսȡͷ֮ս
һһڤħǿǰһڤӽҾ峤ӽ𣬾ΰ黪µĸ塣սʿҹ棡
黪㲻࣡
黪㲻࣡

֮Уһ´һ춯صĻ֮ǿ߶ףһǴȫʤ


1554 һͳ
Ȯ塢ͷ׷׿ڣ嵱꣬幥ȥ
ת˲֮ͱĴΧֱӱɢ
滯Ӱ׷ɱߣһһֱ߱ɣ
ͷһ֮ܲ⣬Ķһ򾡡
дʤ֮һ·ɨռݵһݻ١
һ֮ܲͱ׵Ĵݻ١
ͷǴľֱߡ
֮ܲĴ֮£ɨǿնɱ
һ֮ư԰ͻҷֻʣһЩūҲµһʢ
ͳ˧֮£Ϊ˰ĵһ壬¡
ޱȵԴԴԴϵı͵֮ڣΪԴ
ݷ֮֮гأͳ˧塣
Ĵ׾ٵĻһһصĵֿյִʥɽ֮¡
㻹ͶѵҪ屻𣿡
ͷڤ̤һһߴʮףͬһ֮о޽һʥɽ
һɫĹâҫһŽɫëɿһ¸ʥɽϷһԶͷʥĿֲ֮л
ڤ黪߹ûʸ˵黪ҳ
ɨڤһۣһĨ֮ɫ
ڤһĨŭɫȴҧĬ
ʵѾΪĸӹڤҲʵūͣkҲֳϷĻ
˵
һâ΢΢һĿɫŮ̧һǴ֮һˣ档ڴ֮ϣ
Ķ棬黪微ˮˮĴΧ壬Ҳû侮ʯΪʲôҪ壡
ûĴ֣Ҫ˫ܾˡҽԭȻΪһͳ磬Ϊˣ
ǳң嶼ܹȥĽ³Ŀ亮
ŭЦܺãҵҪʲô£ܹʥɽ
ֻҪɱ㣡ʥɽƣ
һ֮
ʥɽ֮һ¹âҫصĹâʥɽ֮зɳγһͬһɫ硣
¡
˲ײɫĽ֮ڣ֮ͬеСһ㡣
һĨ֮ɫЦȤʥɽķ羹ȻԶǿᣡ
黪޴Ȼɱҡ޲ɼ
΢΢һ㶣ϲһŭХһ±仯Ϊһ峤ߴ׵Ľɫǣ̽צһץֱץȥ
ʥɽ֮УޱȵĹâҫһɫĹâ䣬ϣӳǽķӡ֮
޴㣡
΢΢һ¶һ˿֮ɫһڹҫǻΧķӡһ֧顣
¡
һ֮ʥɽ֮ϴʥɽ֮һ³һޱȵѷ졣
ָһţһޱȵӡ֣һУɢźɫĹ⣬һ
ǺɫɺڹһһͱֱӾС
ܣôʧҲʥɽ֮нѹôô
ɺڶ֮зſ־֮ɫôҲû뵽ԼȻ˼򵥾ͱѹ
ҳԸ⳼黪£һҲҲ
ɺڶ֮һޱȵļУİ
ģѾˣǲôܹø㱾Դ
һĨ֮ɫһɺڶâʢ֮䣬ֱӱһҽƮɢ
ڤıӰһĨη֮ɫԽԽˣʥɽ֮жѹУѾûϵĶ֡
ɱ
նɱ֮
ʼǡ
ֱӴʥɽ֮ڣʥɽ֮һͷֱɣȻɱ֮еߡ
һʱ䣬ʥɽͱΪƽأҲɰ֮еĶ壬һΪûػµū塣
һս֮綼Ϊ֮𶯣֮вдǿ֮У׷ɳʹߣǰǣ泼
ͳ˧ĴЩԸ⳼ǿ壬һ߸Ķ壬ֹͣ˹ĽŲ
Щ屾Ҫּۻۣǿ߸Ķ屻ԥĻ𣬱Ϊūоӿһ˿˿⣬ͬһϵп
֮֮мд嶼۵۹ΪĳӣޱȵԴԴԴϵ͵֮ڡ
һͳ۵۹֮󣬾ֱһͷ֮Уչ
ʱţת˲š
֮ڣһɺޱߣ޾ĿֲϢֱӴ֮
Ǳµͻˣ죡ǣϢô˿ֲ
޺ڴ񣬺Ȼһ̧ͷ֮ɫkܹĸ֪崫־塣Ƕ棬kʮɵֻ·Ӳ߳ɡ
ڤҲĿɿڴ֮ɫÿֲϢϢѵǴ˵֮е֮
黪ͻˣ
ǿ£
ѾûĶ֣Ȼͻˣ

֮ڣЩ潵ĸͷһӦһɿֲޱȵϢɫ԰ף
ЩͷһЩ鷳˼ǸӦͻ֮ϢҲû˸ΪС
֮Ȼǿ󣡣ֲ֮۽ʲô棬κλ޵С
֮У˫ۣӦŴԼ֮дĿֲ΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݡ
漸֮еԴһգߣղֱͻƣ׳Ϊͷγ˿֮Ŀֲ
ҵǿȱȶҪʤһѾ䣬ĻǿѾԶԶܹkȫʢʱȣ֪֮ǿʲôز
һĨâȼڻ档
ʱѾֻ֮꣡ٴԾǨɱ䣬ͿԽ׳Ϊ֮޵У㲻ǰĸ棬׵ѹǸߣΪ֮е


1555 ñ
ϣʮֲǸСӲ֪ʲôҵˣ
֮һöɫƹâ΢΢һڤͶӰֱӸ֮Уһ
ԴӳΪ֪֮ֱӴ֮ߣշתǰ塣
浱һҪ۳֮ҲûнշС
һͳ̫֮ƽҪ¹ѫͷ಻ʤ
ڤѡ׷ɱյ
Ҳǰ֮ӣڤͷ׷ɱ֮£ǱȫʵͻͽѾ׳Ϊǿߡ
̶̲ʮ꣬ʹһһ߽죬ֽٶȣֱҵ껹졣ϧվ磬ߣҲα㣬ӵ֮û֮٣ͷվһգ
£֮жǿ㣡Ѱյټ
浭ȻһЦ
ǣˣ
ͶӰ֮и֣ȻһЦȻʧ
ǰһ¾ء˵Ǵ֮пή֮ս֮˫˫ء
֮УһޱȵĻͨһǹĻ֮оͻᱻһһ߾߸ʬջҳ
ͷǿߣǳ֮УҲᱻʴ꣬Դήҳ
ⰵ֮УʥĴ֮УͼѰͻһİǴʱ̫걻ʴԴή뿪֮󣬲ͻһѿݹǡ
նȻҲһЩΪıջ֧ȣö֮Ҳû˻ǰ˵ء
ȱԵһɽ֮ڣſһ峺ǿĽ硣
£ǿˣ
ջ˺ۣѪббɽ֮ϣû˵һ֣·Ҫþȫ
ո磬ǶѾ۵۹ˣΪʲôǻŹǣ
˫ᣬյǰһָһɫ֮յϡ
һϢյ֮и֣ɫ֮ոһӴϢͱϢֱɡ
³һѪЦ黪ѾΪˣԾ£֪ͷɱЩͷȻҲıжĥɱ¿ֻܹѰһĻġ黪ɱǣĲҲ׷ɱǡ
ո黪ӵܣΪԼ֮󣬾Ϳһ·죬յǶ۷塣ϧʵȴһ
ûգô겻øˣ
һЦ֮һǶѨĽ磬˶Ѩ֮ڡ
黪
һ棬ʱɫ䣬һ¸ֳصӡһɫĿռ䲨ֱӸ֣պһ
ռ䴫ͣҵĺİ֮һǿռ壡
΢΢һһָɫĿռ䲨ֱʧ
黪Źո硣ֻҪŹո磬ԸΪūΪ澣һߣʲôҶԸ
֮һĨ棬һ¹յǰİ
浭ȻһЦأգһŮˡ
Ķ棬黪£ѾΪ۵۹Ļʵۣˣܹܲ󷢴ȱһ·
浭ԣգҿԸһ·ͷΪ۹塣
ԥһ黪ɽ£㲻ң
浭ȻһЦһ˿˿ҫһ»ָ˱òұ黪ô㣿ֻ㵲ҵ·߿ˣ
һĨâ棡
۵۹֮УԣһԾ黪ľǿ档
ȻЩԼǿ²⣬ȴҲûһ˸ȥѰࡣ黪֤棬Ҳû˸ҷһǿߡ
浭û
Ȼ棬ôҵ׸㣡
ԥһᣬĿ⣬Цһ£һָ̾һţһ̺žӨɫâȹʮֹĴؿ֮и֡
֮ǣ̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣡
һĻһĨ֮ɫһЦһץ֮ץС
գ´󹦡ʹͷΪ۹ؾΪ򣡣
Ӧ̺֮ŵĿֲһЦ
л£
һĨϲɫһֱӹڵϣ
Ĵͷ⣬վܹ֮Ϊһ壬˾ͬһͷɥȮһ㵽׷ɱ̻̲գһȥ
Ȼ֮䣬һɿֲޱȵĶֱӸգһɻɵ֮֮ϯȥ
ǰ֮д־
ձǰ֮ӣҲǰ֮ѡĸŻӵа֮ı
֮ǼȻҵУ֮ҪѾȫûпܡҪһУⰵ֮С
һǻɵ֮⣬üͷ΢΢һ壬˫һԼµࡣ
˫һһȿռֱӴ򿪣һ΢΢һͽֱӾУһ̤棬Խ˻ȡ
ʱǻУضɽҡرѣҽ緢һĩյľ
峤ǻ֮еƴʩѹҽ緢
浭ѾʼǸߣҪ뿪硣Ҹʱ俼ǣ5
֮һĨ𺧣ʧе𣿵׷ʲô£
4
治ֻоĵʱ
һĨʮֹϵãҸߣǻ嶼ߣ

浭ȻһЦһ֣һâǻһǻֱӾߡ
һȴٴδ򿪣һֱӳ֮С
վ֮۵棬ڼԸūߣԸˣҲѰ·Ҹ10ʱ俼ǡ10
һâ΢΢һ޺ߣһӵĿ棬棬黪£
浭Ȼǣ
޺ʵ絽׷ʲô
һͷĿҲֱ棬˺档
8
治𣬵Įĵʱ
ϣԸ׷ϣΪЧ
ڤ΢΢һֱӳǰϥ£
磬ֻڤͻõץסĻᣡҾ;һ
Цһָһâڤϣkֱӷӡһ͸Բ֮ڡ


1556 
һɵĹâɵĹâ֮ɽѣҽӿеͳͳ𣬻ΪС
ǻɫĹâһ˲䣬쵽ǰǵķݺݵײһ
ǵķ΢΢һͱǻɫĹâʴֱӱ顣
ǻɫĹâ˳Ƴ֮ڣǵľһˢǻɫâˢеľǶһҽУҳƮɢ
֮ڣһֱſ
ǻɵĹâһһһֱӱ飬һжͳͳҳ
֮ڣǿҲſ˽磬ͼֵǻɫĹâʴ
ֻǻɫĹâһЩǿǶͳͳҳ޷ֵǻɫĹâ߼ǿҲ޷ֵǻɫĹâһ
һͷǿſһ磬ǻɫĹâһҲܼٶȱʴ
£ңԸūͣȾң
޺һĻӿһ˿ëȻΣԤУһſǿĽ磬һ¹򣬿ధ
£ԸūͣȾңȾҵˣ
£

֮Уһһͷİ֮
Ŀ⵭Įˣ
ǻɫĹâˢ֮£һһͷĻҽУҳƮɢ
ڤһĻ΢΢һȻң٣ôҼÿ죬£
Ҳһӡ֮оĿһĻңҵѡȷģ
޾ɫĹâǳˢֱ֮ϯ
һָڤͱֱ֮С
޾ɫĹâһ³ˢ֮ϣȴûκ״·ͨĹߡ
ĩҲ޷κε֮һҲ˵ҷֺ
Ц޾Ļɫâ֮Уɴ
ǻɫâ·ӵ־һ㣬ˢһһΣȴͬ棬һ˿˺첻
Ҳ̺޾֮磬Ϊ˼ȡǻûҺԭħĳ֣ҲǧԺ㻹пܽڿϧˣһл۶ữҽ֡
һ¸ֳصӡɫᴩ񷣬ǻɫĹâ֮ڡ
ǻɫĹâʴһзһɫǰȴӲŤֿ
ҵˣ
˫һһ̤ǻɫĹâ֮С
Ҳ֪Խ˶ٵľ룬һⰵ֯ŤĿռ֮ǰ
Ťռ俴һۣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǰľ֮ĺ֡
һʯʮͻأĴ֮еԵǰ֮࣬ңҳϣֻҪΪЧҽָν׳Ϊ֮
һɹɿֲޱȵѹʯ֮ɫĹâûkڣõkϢڽһ˿˿֮ӵk֮
ǰ֮ôܣkѾ䡣㲻ǵkĺ֮һˣһͨʯ񣬸飡
һЦ̽צһץͬ̽צɱޱߣ֮տѣռŤ
ϣȻðҵϣ
֮ʯŭָһţһڹ⸡֣һ
֮㱾ʾڵk۷֮ʱһ塣һkУͻᱳǳϵӣյӵ֮Գܵĵز
ڹһʱ΢΢һ·𱳸ǳ
˲İ壡ϧڱϾ֮
ɭһЦצŤգһºڰ֮ʯĻ֮ϣһץӲĽһʯɷ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣ʯֱɡ
ֻʣˣ
һʯ֮ŤĿռ俴ȥûκԥһţһӡֱӸ֣ǹŤĿռһɡ
һɲ֮䣬޾ľԪ㱾Դ֮ıԴһûڣҪֱӳű
΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣺û۳֮һ£ͻᱻűȴֱꡣǰ֮Ļۣȫˡ
ǹŤĿռһɣɫϢҲֱӱɢʧ
һ³ǰ籾ڵĵط
棬ڳˣ
һϲһ´һԴ
һͷֱſѪڣŻһеĿֲϢݺҧȥ
һͷײе˼㣬ʥǿҲᱻkһɡ
ܾվһߣϸűЦݡ
ڵѾǼǰˣ
浭ȻһЦһģһֲֻޱȵĴֱӸ֣ݺݵһͷ޵֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уһͷ޵ֱķѣ飬һɺڹֱӸ֣ͷ׺׵ľһ顣
ɫһ½ӲЦݶᣬĿ˸һȥ
ǹϣϧ̫ˣ
һЦһץһֲֻޱȵĴֹᴩ񷣬Űֱץȥ
Ͼң
ݾ֣һŭһһöɫĵ
棬ס֣
ԭħͶӰֱӳƬ֮УĿ䣬ֱ֣Ӻȥ
һֻ̺֮ɫħǻ׵ɫħ˺Ѳ񷣬ɴֺһ
ǿ֮н֯
ԭħԭħǿ޵ʥ֮һϧһôܵסҵı𣿡
һЦһ˲Ƴڰܵǰһȭ˰ܵĻ磬ֱӹᴩ
һڹ΢΢һܾͱֱɡ
Ҫ֮Ȼûô򵥣ľѾɣҪ֮Ȼ̲㡣ֲǿơ콾꣬Խ֮ĴڣȻָ
˰֮󣬸оԼΪֻһ˿Ҫ֮Ȼңңڡ
һɫĹâ֮зɳһ½ǰγһԭħͶӰ
羹Ȼˣ棬СˣҲӵͬеʸ񡣡
ԭħĿһۻ
֮ǰԭħнֻһϡ˰ıԴ֮ҲѾһٽΪ޵ʥĿֲǿߣ֮Ҳֻһ֮ңӵԭħȾͷԻʸ
ԭħ棬ήս֮УĴ֮ĴСΪǿһ֮ǿή֮kһ˾ͿԿή֮һ֮ĴС˰֮ĴУԭ֮˿ή֮󲿷ֵĴУʵѾҵ֮ϡˣһͬԸԭ֮Σ


1557 
΢һϵã
ðսսΪ˻ý֮һ߻Ե
֮յıԴѾȫɣȴҲֻһЩ̣Ҫͻƽ׳Ϊ֮ȻҪۡ

ԭħһЦһ֮зȥ
΢΢һΣԭħ
һƬƬŸֹ졢Ť֮еս֮ԭħͶӰһһûԭħıڡ
һλԭ֮һkȫή磬ֶδǵkĶ֡
ԭħ΢΢ͷԶһָһĨ֮ɫ
˳ԭħָŵķȥֻһͷ­ЫβĿֲ̾һšήϢ֮ϡ
һͷſ˸¶Ŀľ׽Ǹ硣ЩޱȵĿÿ䶯һΣһſήϢͻСһ˿
һ˿˿޵ʥĿֲϢħ֮һ۾ȷkǴ˵֮еԭ֮
ԭ֮ҲһƵ޵ʥkԭħ絮ʮǧꡣ˼֮ս̳Թ޵ʥǿߡȻһ棬ԭ֮Ѿٳ֣ǵkȴȻµ޵ʥ֮һ
һ˿˿ήŤ֮ԭ֮֮ϯķ
ԭħ棬ְɣֻҪɱ˵kή磬ή֮ĴǶƽ֣֮ĴУǸƾΣ
棿˵磡˲𣡣һֽԭħնɱΣֻҪնɱԭħһҶɣǶ֣һһ֮
ԭ֮һ˫ۣһŤаӵk˫֮б䣬һŤһ±仯ΪһһͷںڳԸл𱬣绪ľˣһۡ
֮Щаħ˵ʲôԭ֮յĻ֮һ仯ɹﵽⶼŮˡ֮ǿ֣߳κ˶Բkı塣
âһţȻһЦҶ֮ή֮ĴطʮȤ˭Ƚ֮ĴطңҾ˭֡
ԭ֮һ˲˳֮С
֮ĴУ
ԭħһָһöɫˮȥ
һ󣬽ɫˮ飬֮طбԴԴϵûʶ֮ڣֱӴ͵ݿ֮ڡ
ÿһ֮طһ֪֮ʶ·ĺġ沢kǵطҲԴоþ޴ĺô
棬ְɣ
ԭħкâһָһţһ֮ìֱӸڵkУ̺һеĿֲܣԭֱ֮Ӻȥ
ԭ֮ɫ䣬仯ֱӱʧһֳԲΣһһСĹſһ磬һɫĿήֱ֮֮ìһ
ǺɫĿή֮֮໥֮֯ìֱӿήʧ
ǺɫĿή֮˳һ·ӣԭħϯȥ
㻹֣
ԭħһȣαˣָһţӡ֣֮ìֱӸ֣ǺɫĿή֮ȥ
֮ή֮Ƭ֮мնΪ֮һֲѨ֮иȻϡ
һŤ֮и֣Ȼǿήʧ
浭ȻһЦָһţһɫĹâ΢΢һһīİֱ֮Ӹ֡
һǰ֮ĹңһԴʸ˺Ѳ񷣬һɫǣԭ֮ȥ
֮֮
ԭ֮СŤתͷ­ӡҫſһ磬һ̺֮ϢĺɫֱһǰԴ֮ϡ
ǺɫĹһ壬ǰԴֱ֮ӿήǿֲޱȵĿή֮ڱβ񷣬ֱӺȥ
Ŀαˣеİ֮ųһİޱȵĹâγһһصĹ硣
ǳǹ֮иֳŹŤ
ǿή֮һһһصĹ֮ϣǹޱȵǳһһݻ١
ʮͻأģһ֮ĹֱӸ֣һ֮ǹ֮и֣һɫĹâȥ
ԭħ㾹Ȼ͵ϮңΪʲô
һĨ֮ɫС
ԭħһЦ棬ĳɳٶ̫ˣ㾫ͨɰ壡ԲܹȥֻΪ
Ȼˣͬھɣ
һĨɭޱȵɱޱȵӡ֣΢΢һһֲޱȵ֮һºǸ֮ϡ
һ֮һײŤޱȵ֮ϣӲĺһֲޱȴ󶴡
类䴩֮֮Ҳʧ
ܹһͳôֻʵ
ԭħ֮߳üͷ΢΢һ壬ָһţǲƵһ±ֱС
ԭħ΢΢һ˲²⣺ˣոԶȻʵǿᣬǰԷҲûô򵥡һȷʵҲԽˡ
һ̺ſή֮ĺɫȻ·ֱӺ˺Ѳ񷣬ԭħֱӺȥ
ԭ֮ھ̲ס𣿡
ԭħȻһЦһɫħֱӸ֣γһǶͷĹħ֮硣
һή֮һǹħ֮֮ϣͷһή㣬һĲҽУҽʧ
ԭħ̲ס˰ɣȺ֣档һҪɱˣֻΪǿˣ
ԭ֮âһή֮ԭħȥ
ûԭ֮ؼʱһȫή֮ҲĶ֡
Ҫɱ㣬Ҳˡ֮ǰ뽫򣬸̵̫޴ˣ
ԭħһЦһɫĹâҫһ±仯Ϊһ峤ߴʮžʮŸͷ­һٶԳ򣬾ʮβͣϸһɫĿֲ
ԭħıԭֲֿޱȵĳǳΪһӵ㼶Ŀֲ
ԭ֮УҲָʮֻԭħһֻԭħֻǵõ˵kһЩѪ컯ĻѪˡ
ԭħһԻ壬Ϣһ±һͷ­ſһ磬һɫħһή֮Уǿήֱ֮Ӻ顣
ɫĿή֮⡢ɫħ⣬ֲֿޱȹ֮вϵĺ˺ѡ
ή֮ԭħ֮ϣǿή֮֮ԭħֱըѿƬѪήʧȥ
ɫħԭ֮֮ϣkͿʼֱӸܽ⣬ɢ


1558 ԭħ
ʮʮҹ
ԭħԭ֮Ѿʮ죬˫˺ۣϢҲ˥١
ԭ֮Ŀ仺ԭħǵʵڲ֮䣡սȥֻܾˣװױ˱ˣ߰ɣֻҪܹ֮ıԴʵֻ֮ϣαҾ
ԭ֮ΪҲ֪֮ڿή֮УkıԴҲή֮һ¡㰲Ȼή֮ıԴҽ֮ءڣή֮Ĺؼʱ޷ɱʱҲΨһʱԣȥ
ԭħâһЦȻſһ£һޱȵֱӷɳ
һŤޱȵĹâǲƵ֮г֣һɲ֮䣬һһ±һĿֲϢһ޴֮ìԭ֮ȥ
ԭħˣǿıԴ㾹Ȼɱң
ԭ֮һĨ֮ɫֺͷŭڲ֮м΢΢һһīĹֱӸ֣ա
һīĹСʥסһһ֮Ψһһ֮֮ıҲԭ֮ǿķر
һ֮ìһǹ֮ϣɢһ˿˿֮ǡʥסҲһıѡ
ʥסȻԭ֮ǵkĳˣҵkҲ֮ҲӲʮ֮һȻԵֵγɵ֮ì
ֻҪܹɱ㣡˿ή磬Ȼٴɱ䣡˾ͻˣԣɣ
ԭħһЦʮŸͷ­һըһ룬ȼ㱾Դһ¹עǸ֮ìڡ
һ֮ìһ±һɿֲޱȵ֮һǡʥסݺݵĴԭ֮֮

Ǿ޴ޱȣһһԭ֮һ֮ìһ̣ʱһޱȵĲҽ֮嶼һı𣬻ҳ
һİĹâҫԭԭ֮Ҳʼһ
ԭ֮ϾҲһ޽ӽ֮޵ʥĿֲȻܱԭħһɱ
ԭ֮ΪһĻ᣿
ԭħһЦϵĳһģһɫħһɲǾͿԽ֮ңԭ֮ǰצԭ֮ȥ
ͬԭħ;޴󿰱һĿֲޣkǿĹȼձԴİ幥֮⣬ΪֲkǵצβͶ̺ſֲľ綾Լ˷˼ĿֲͨʥǿֻҪץһצҲˡ
ԭֿ֮ŭХȴϵıԭħһ˺飬ԽԽ
ԭħúݣ㾹ȻѡںϿήʱɱңҪҸϾɱһ·ȻҪɱңôǾͬھɣ
ԭ֮һĨ֮ɫһŭХֱӱһİޱȵ֮ԭħֱӺȥ
һİޱȵ֮һԭħ֮ϣԭħͷ­һըѿһֱըѵֻʣʮŸͷ­һ֮ű
ԭ֮һȻܹ˵֮ءԭ֮վˡ˿ή硢磬ȥֻ֣Ҫһָܹ꣬ȫʢһ
涼Ѿ䣬սҵ֮
ԭħԭ֮֮󣬻ѪҺӿ񷣬ȴЦ졣
һսܹɱԭ֮УȻԭħҲˣԪƾãʱԵk˵գʱ䡣ֻҪܹһֽ֮ĵ̣һ궼ͷԸ⡣
ԭħȻЦ㣡
һ֮һɫĹâ֮еһɫĹâ֮л߳һˣ档
棬ûôܣôܱܹҺԭ֮Ĳ̽ôܣ
ԭħһ棬ͬһ㣬Ť
浭ȻһЦͷ첻飬֮ȴδذ첻
ֻһͷ޵ʥǿߣҲԭħԭ֮ǰʧ֮ԭħ޵ʥڵkǰʧ˵Ѿ¡
һȣһħХ޺֮ԭħһ»һɫĹâԶȥ
ȫʢ֮ʱԭħһսɱ档ǵkˣȻɱ
ԭħȫʢ֮ʱҪ㻹еѶȡϾϹסɱѣϧȻԭܾ֮ˣôڣ
浭ȻһЦ˫֮кâһֱһ
ʱ䡢ˡռ䡢ٶȵְ岨һһ˲䣬ͳԭħǰһȭԭħֱӺȥ׾ٵ˺ԭħĻۼףûkڡ
һɰԾµֱӱӲĽԭħķѡ
ԭħдľŸͷ­һըѣһɫħҫkķѵٴλָ
棬һҿΪΪЧ֪౦ص䡣в֮ǿߵıءֻҪҲһЩصͳͳ㡣ϻҵļ䣬ҲԲЩ㡣
ԭħһĨ־֮ɫధ
ˣԭħ̫Σˣ֮򣬸ûκܹԦħԣ
ɭһЦٴһȭֱӺԭħ壬һٴνԭħ顣
ԭħŸͷ­ٴըѣ˲ָŷ֮ɫ棬Ȼ˺ݶҪϾɱôҾ͸ͬھ
һɫĹâҫԭħһϢ
ˣһʼԱܹ˵ҡڣôܻ᣿
¶һЦݣԭħһָһӡֱӸ֡
ԭħ֮Уһӡ֣kڵŤӡֱɣΪӡ֡
ԭħһ֣ž׵ɫĲҽУô£棬ѵ֮תôֶΣ
ɣ
һЦָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣ԭħһ˲ֱɡ
Ӵޱȵ㱾ԴԭħԴԴϵĴûڣ
Ҫ̫֮ˣԭħǿߣӵҲࡣܹʮԭħǿߣ޷֮
Ӧڵı仯һĨϧ֮ɫ
ԭħ֮У֮ǰٵ޵ʥkͬһǿ߻һǧҪԭħǿɱΪ֮ͬأܡ


1559 Ǳ
ԭħή֮֮űҵˣ
΢΢һɢſή֮Ŀή翴һۣ΢΢һΣһǿήȥ
һһͷήĹϢǿή֮ȥ
ǹޱȵĿή֮֮ϣͬ棬޷ֺ
˫֮ӡҫɫĹâһûǿή֮ڡ
ҵˣήıԴ
˫֮һĨϲ֮ɫһһ³ǿήࡣ
ǿή࣬һźɫĿήϢɢһήĹ첨ĺ
ָһţһӡֱӸ֣һڶһһ½һźɫϢֱɡ
һήʼʴɺڶ
һɫĹâǿήɳһûüġ
ʶ֮Уһžͷǧۣ°ͬ룬һήȨȵĿήֱ֮Ӹ֡
ϣңңҸһҫ
ή֮һڣһֺ޴󣬿ֲ׵֮м
һλλȻĿ־һ´֮ӿ·Ҫǿή֮һз׸k
֮һ˿л꣬ҲԽѹҸոս죬ֻ»ᱻѹԭ֮вȻѹңֱ˵Σ
һЦʶ֮Уһֻ·صѪֱӸ֣ݺݵǿή֮һҧһھͽǿήֱ֮¡
һŭ֮ǹѪ֮ӿһֻֻצѪ֮д̳ǿή֮ͼѪ֮
ӡѪ֮и֣ڵľ׽ǿή֮Ĳлһһĥ
ʱţʮת˲š
ʶ֮УһֻѪʧһɾޱȵ֮һ֮ꡣ
֮Ĳлڱǿµĵˣ˵ȴǴ֮˵k꣬Ҷ֮ĵ·˼֡ȱԴˣ
âһץһڶֱӸ֣ǿή֮дıԴֱɡ
ǿή֮д֮Դ֮һ׵ֱӸ֣žӨ⡣
ʵĹṹֻ֮ҲʵŹǣṹתϧֻݲתֲ֣úų֮
濴һŴ׵˼ָһţһɺڶֱӸ֣Ǵ׵ֱɡ
ڣǱɵİ籾ԴήԴԴԴԴϵͷųޱȵ֮ꡣ
һĨӵĹâս֮УųɾϵѾһáտή֮ļҵĵ֮̾ȻһءҪ̫֮ˣ
ԭħ֮Ҳԭħļ䡣
ԭħļ֮Уȷʵм֮صЩһѰkҲս
ԭħ嵹ǿһã
΢΢һ΢΢һΣһ±ԭħ겨Ҳһģһ
ս֮УѾûʲôֵҳֵı
һֱӻһԭʧ
ս֮Ув䣬߶ıЩ˵ѾֵһᣬֵѴʱ
ֻҪһսս֮ѰѾ㹻
һɫĹâ΢΢һͳһ֮ڡ

ǹ֮еԭħǿһ棬һ
浭ԭ֮ս֮еıҶѾáѾûʲôֵˣߣ
ǣ
ǹ֮еԭħһ֮󣬱㿪ʼ뿪
ħʥԭԭħܲ
ԭһؿĴ֮ǰһɫĹâ΢΢һֱӳؿ֮ǰ

â΢΢һͷֱӸ֣һ񣬹
΢΢ͷһؿſһָۣһһѪһ·ɳûؿ֮һƿĿС
ƿһѪ˹ɢһ޵ʥĮԭħȷϣ⿪
ؿһ»򿪡
һؿĴ֮ڡ
ؿĴ֮ڣһȱ硣
֮У磬洦ɼĵرϡʯ
Ħʯʯɽ治ԭħȻܹҵ汦
Ǹ֮УȻ۾һֻһߴǧ׵Ħʯʯɽǰųһ˿˿ԡ
Ħʯ֮ҲϡޱȵıҪŪһ鶼ʮѡؿ֮УȻһǧ׸ߵʯɽֱš
һǧ׸ߵʯɽҾͿƳʮ˼أʮ֮ϧûκ壡
濴һǧ׸ߵĦʯʯɽһĨϧ֮ɫ
ʮ֮൱ʮһǿߣڵ˵岻ڵһ˾Ϳѹʮһǿߡ
ˣĦʯʯɽɵkһҽkټԴͿٴνøǿ󣡣
һ˿˿ҫı֣һĦʯɽ֮һĨ˷ޱȵĹâ
Ħʯ֮֮ĶϣټͬһɽһĦʯȴǴΪϡ١
ΪεҲûмĦʯɽ
΢΢һЦⱦֻ֮ҪõĶ㾡ɣ
ʵԽԽֲܹսǿҲԽԽ١۳֮֮ҲѾԶԶĶ֡
Ҳܹ׳Ϊ֮Ĵڣôͻһǿİ֡
΢΢һΣһ³ĦʯɽϣһţһɺڶֱӸ֣һĦʯɽֱɣԭء
ʮâ΢΢һʮѾһʥͽֱӸ֣ʼռĸϡԴϣƾա
һâü֮зɳһûС
ȻҪôԴΪԭħ˺ε취ӦܹŪ
һ㴫Ϣüͷ΢΢һеס
ʱţǧת˲š
ǧ֮У˳Ľս֮лõĸ㱾Դͳͳʵɲ⡣
ǧ֮ڣҲĴѰ֮ǿߵıء
ֻȻ涯ԭħ塢εʥԼ˽֮УȻѰҵ֮ıء
ԭħ֮е඼ǲ׽ӰǿҲԸЩѰҵ֮ıء


1560 ֮ս
εԺһҰС֮ϣһŰɫʿ۵ӣһͣĴ
Ȼ֮䣬һһһףŰɫƬɢʥ߼ֱӴ֮зɳ
ջ񲻴һӵѪİɫȥûһȻζ
濴һʥ߼İɫ۾΢΢һ¶һЦ⡣
һɫʿ֮УҲһҲǶʳģֵһᡣ
ԡ֮УЩ߾ͷ˵Ҳһʱезʽ
֮ϣɫε֮һų⡣
д£
üͷ΢΢һһε֮ųһɫĹâ֮ͶεʥӰ
εʥһأ棬µ֮սѾٻεʥ£
֮սˣ
üͷ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
֮ս֮ΪʵĻԵսޱȡһսͻὫʮʥ֮С
֮ս֮֮սҲͬʮʥ֮֮ս
ÿһ֮սǿ䣬޵ʥǿߣҲᱻǲޱȵս֮С
ʲôˣɣ
Ȼ΢΢һΧȥĿ䣬
εʥ֮ɫľԭʥάӣר·
һͷͬһ㣬ȴһ߷һɫףצϳһͬìһβ͵ϴëȻЦݣһ˳
üͷ΢΢һάӣ֮ԩ޳ΪʲôҪɱң
ռʥ죡ʮֲ⣡ԣҪ䣡Щһªִʧѭΰļά֮Щ¼֣
άӿһۣһĨ֮ɫ
Ȼ̬ΪЩУʵǳªĴڡ
Ĵһ˵ĵطһ۵ȻһЦ㻹Сģ֮⣬ȻĴͷΧɱҡ
εʥռݵʥ֮Уһ֮ǰ塣޵ʥӣֵǳ֣
Ĵһ˵ĵطһҫάӷ·һģ̳ͷֱӸ֣ɢſֲޱȵϢĶ档
һĨϷ֮ɫһЦͷǿҡ
άһЦ棬ͶüֻҪͶҼά壬Ҽά߹ܹȥ
ƾǣҲͶǳ˵Σ
һЦ֮һֱ۴һάͷؿ֮йᴩһɺڶֱӸ֣άͷһάͷһ˲䱻ֱɡ
Ӱ㾹Ȼܹɱһͷôܣ׳Ϊͷô㵽׶ʲôطͷ
άӿһͷɱʱĿɿڴ䣬ʧе
ɫĹâ΢΢һάͷ̽צһץצ֮һ⣬ֱץȥ

浭ȻһЦһȭһǳȻ֣ͬһֱײάͷ֮ϡ
¡
άͷһ±ֱӺ飬Ȼͻأֵɺڶһ̣ȫɡ
ôôǿ
άһҧתٶȰ壬һɫĹâԶȥ
Ŀ䣬̽צһץһֲֻޱȵĴֹᴩ񷣬ݺݵץڼάӵϣһֱ󱬣ȫɡ
һĨ֮ɫ֮սڱˣһսǴ٣ҲҵĻᣡû֮սҲ֪жܹ֮һ֮սҾл֮
ںƽʱڣʮʥ֮Ѿȷÿһǿ󣬶֮ػ
Ǹ޼ɵɱЩ֮еǿߣͻ⵽֮ѹһ֮ȫѹǿ棬ҲʮǱΣա
֮սһе֮໥ɱȻ޷˼͸Ļᡣ
εʥ
εʥʥһʥ
εʥʥ棬һ֮սѾ밲ʥ֮мսʥ졢ħʥ졢ʥ졢άʥ졢ľԭʥʥѾʥ췢ȫսΪεʥҲսػ漫ʥ졣
ʮʥ֮Уʥս֮ϵľս֮أҲֻڰʥ֮Уܹ֮ӳȫ
ʮʥʥ֮У֮޼ɵĽ֣ҲݻʮʥıԴʮʥ˥䣬½Ϊλ졣
֮Żѡڰʥ֮н֮֡⣬ÿһνʵĻԵҲڰʥ֮ڡΪˣʥս
һǣʥ
ЩѸ٣εʥ鲼ֵʥ졣εʥҪȻҲ岻ݴǡ
εʥ֮ڵĸսѡһǰȥء
εʥһ㣬һɫͼֱӸ֣ޱȵĹâһһսǰ
ѡսεȨεʥǿߣֻܹεʥķ䡣һȨս֮ҲķֽߡΪˣŻ֮λ
Ŀ˸ʵʥħʥ졢ľԭʥʥ֮Ѿ밲ʥ𣿡
εʥ֪ʮʥ֮Ѿ밲ʥ졣Ȼֶ֮죬ҲҲֶ֪Σ޷㱣֤ʲô
֪ȻˣҾѡս
һָԭħصսһ
εʥãȥɣ
һɫĹâһʹԭʧ
ħԭħεʥĽһƬħ֮УפŴ
ǾεʥħĴӪ
ᰵڣһɫĹâ΢΢һͳᰵ֮ڡ

ᰵ֮ڣεʥͷһ
⺣ħսϣ¡
һȥʮᣬһͷɫ̷ʲ΢΢һЦһöɫˮݸ档
ͷʮ졢ʮ졢졢һǧ졢ǧ졢졢ʮ졢ʮ죡εʥĵ̣Ȼ⻹ֻһͨս
һɫˮһĨâ


1561 
浭Ȼ⺣ħĴСȻִơȥɱħʥħ񣡡
⺣üͷ΢΢һɫħ֮ǿƣꡣͷʮʥħԭħһ޵ʥĵߣʵɲ⣬򲻿С
ͷҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ԭħħʥ֮УҲӵ֮ػ治ǿߣħ֮и̫ķˡ
浭ȻһЦһ˿˿켶ĿֲϢ֮л˷
죡
⺣ĴͷһӦ֮Ĳ˵һŲ˼֮ɫ
쵽֮䣬Ҳһǵ֪⡣εÿһ츳սľ콾δ޵ʥǿߵӡҪҲʱ޴ƽһǧŻһͷ
治Ѿͷֱ졣
⺣ǿѹסе𺧣΢΢һЦϲ죬Ȼ죬ôħ֮ȷʵѾǶǿߡֻҪСģԭħͲΣա
ˣͽ֣ˣ
һ䣬΢΢һΣһħڵķȥ
ʱ򣬻ҪĴͷɽ֮󣬾ͿĴͷ޹˼ɡ
⺣ʧıӰһ̾죡
һͷȻһЦȻεʥǿƣꡣҲֻţܹͷضһ޵ʥ
һͷȻ˵ûп֮ܽ
⺣Ĭһᣬ΢΢ҡͷһ̾ܣһǰͷҲһ˿֮ͷʱ̡̫Ҫֻܹ֮һε֮սˡ
ͷĬһᣬ΢΢ͷ
˭֪֮սʱ򣬼߾ͷΨһԽ֮Ļᡣܹ֮Ȼëǣʮ궼ѵõһǽ֮Ѷȿɼһߡ
ħһ֮Уһ˿˿ҫֳΡ
࣡ɱ
һפŵԭħһ棬ֱӷɳ
ߴڵԭħǿ߷׷ʩչֹɱطȥ
һȦɫŤΧԭħŵĹ׷׺ϣŤƫƵһߣ˿޷˺ֺ
ҪЩѫã
Ŀ䣬ָһţһɺڶȻ֣ޱȵɺڹ⣬ԭħǿϯȥ
ɺڹ֮£ԭħǿ߶һɺڶֱɣʧ
һ˲䣬һѹһԭħžͱɣҽ
ˣɱԭħһţִ󹦣Ѿʧһʱ䡣
΢΢һ¶һ˿Цݣһģֱʧ
ħʥ졣
ħ֮ħϳ
ħһֱߴһӡħǡ
һ˿˿ҫͳǲϷ
ħǲħϳر棬ҲͻƵ
濴ǲħһĨâһ¸ֳصĹ⣬ȫǲȥ
󵨣ʲô˾ȻҲҰ
ոտΧһɫĹâҫһֻɢŹ첨ħֱӸ֣濴ȥ
ǲħϳķȻɭϣϧ㱾ٴ˵أҿήɣ
һֳΣһή֮УɭһЦһУһήȨֱӸ֣ǲħۺݺײȥ
ǲħ֮һɫĲħ⣬ᴩ񷣬ǿήȨһ
ǿήȨȱǲħһ䣬ֱķѣή֮ǲ֮֯һıĥ
ħȻǿ󣬿ϧ㱾ڴ˵أ뵲ȥ·ֱ˵Σ
ɭһЦ΢΢һΣһ³ǲħ֮ǰһȭǲħ֮ϡ
һɹףԿήĿή֮һһöħ΢΢һֱըѿʧ
˫һ˺һɫ͸ĽӲıֱ˺ѿ
λѣΰʥĲħ¾ס뿪üһŭҲû֮أ
һŭһͷ­һͷ­ͬһͷ­ͬΣϳŰֱ۵ĲʥֱӸ֣ŵǹꪡܡìǹͬ籩һֱӹȥ
һͷ峤ߴףһɫƬÿһƬƬ֮ϣǶһͷ­ĿֱֲӸ֣޵ʥĿֲϢſҧ
˲ʥ֮⣬޵ʥʮʥԼʮͷ֮зɳʩչɱطȥ
ûõģή
Ŀ⵭ĮͬΪһήָ֮һ
޾̺һ˿˿֮Ŀήָ֮֮д䣬Ųʥǿϯȥ
ǿή֮ɨ֮£֮ŵĸͳͳή
Ǿʮͷһήһ㱾Դ֮ⱻ룬âûڡ
һ޵ʥľħҲǿή֮ʹҽУһĿή
֮ǿή֮ת֮
ʥɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫһ¸ֳһĹ⣬˺Ѳ񷣬һ˲ʹԭʧӰ١
޵ʥʮʥǿҲɫ䣬ʩչط˷ȥ
۶ôǿ޵ʥһ֮ǰϣӾֻ·һ
ҵĿή֮Уɣ
Ŀһή֮ҫһή磬һ
޵ʥʮʥǿ߱ǿήһʱֱӱ˿ή塢һĿήձ㱾ɡ
ͷ޵ʥľħҲǿήֱգɱֱɡ
޵ʥǿ߹ȻȻܹҵߡҵնɱԭħЩˡ
˲ʥʧıӰһۣȻһЦһή֮ǲ֮ڴȥ
һή֮ⴹ䣬ǲ֮Уͬĩսһ㣬֮еħͳͳήֱ䡣
ҵˣ
洩ػȣһͷһͨħ֮ڣһؽ磬ֱһīĴǰ
һȴвħţǲħ֮һַ̺֮İԴ
ԭħҲͨطŴ̽һصĴڡֻǲħڵʱ򣬸û˸Ҵⱦص⡣


1562 ֮
֮У֮ƿһУѹء
֮Уַ֮٣Ǿų϶Щ֮С
Ȼ֮ıأҲԲҶ֮вͶ֡
֮ڵʱ򣬾ۣҲݷ˿춯
֮սһŸᡣ
һǸ֮УͿһɫħֵ磬һ˿˿ħ֮
磬Ųħ̺ŲħħԭħǿҪ磬ҲʮѡҲͬҵıɣ磬˵Ǵ֮
һĨ֮ɫӡ֣һ±仯ΪһɺڶǸϷ
޾Ĳħ֮ӿڹĹעڡ
ӡҫ׾ٵĽǲħתΪޱȵ㱾Դꡣ
ϣȻǿҵĲħ磬
һ񷣬·񷻯һͬţλһͷ­ͷϳһֻǣϳʨצ·ĵĲħֱӸ֣һŭ𣬴ӵk֮УһɫĹ˺Ѳ񷣬ֱӺȥ
ǲħĺ֣֮һ
ɫĹһ֣һԤӿͷ
ħжǿ
һĨâһ¸ֳصӡһȭһǳȻ֣ݺһһɫ֮ϡ
һɫ΢΢һһ½ǳ飬˳ƴ䣬֮ϡ
ɫĹʴ֮£֮Ŀֲһѽ⣬¶˾ӨĹ
ɫħʴѪ⣬ҲڲϵģһӨİɫâĹ֮и֣յסɫħʴ
֮䣬ɫĹʧҲһֻʣ°Ǽܵá
һɫĹâ΢΢һѪǰǼ֮˲乹
ӡĽֻǲħһ֮һδǵkȫһԪˡսkȫһҾԵסӾ֮֮
ɫЩ԰ףһĨ֮ɫ
ʱħ޵ʥǿߣѾĶ֡ǲħӡһܹ֮ԪˣԼ֮Ĳࡣ
֮֮У֮ԴȪ
˫֮ӡҫǲħֵĵطȥֻһ˿˿֮һصĿռ֮
ǿԳͷһ֮֮һ֮ı֮жΪϡ١رܹ֮һ֮ıǼ
Բħ֮ܣҲֻܹ֮вһֶ֮Σ֮һ֮ضҪһֲޱȵԴűһۿ
һΣһ³һŤĿռ֮У˫һ˺ǿռ˺ѡ
һɫľ֮ǿռ֮
Ǿ֮һ֮ϣоһȵʹͬʱ궼һ˿˿ʹ
ǿʹӲ̤Ǹռ֮ڡ
ֻһͷףɣצβžĺǱһ̳֮ϣһ֮Ǻ֮
һŵ֮Ȼħܣӡ䵱ԴȪһĳȡ֮ıԴǴֱʣ
濴һףɣצβžĺǣĸ֪һ˿˿ֲޱȵ겨Ǻ֮
һ֮Ӧ߰پʮǰľ֮k֮ԴѾųɣ֮еҲѾɢ롣㱻ųҪָȫʢҲѾܣ
Ŀһ𾻻֮һۣһ½Ǿ֮״̬߰˰ˡ
һ𾻻֮һħþ֮ȡħʥıԴתΪ֮֮ħա
һ൱ڲħ֮֮һɹȴħһȡ
Ǿ֮ѾӡħʥһγһصؾһǾ֮תƣkͻֱ䡣ħûдŵk뿪
Ǳˣһ֮
һĨ˷ܵĹâһ±仯ΪһɺڶǾ֮һ
¡¡
ؾΪ̮֮Ǿ֮һ¾ͱɺڶ֮ڡ
໣
Ǿ֮һɺڶ֮ڣȻſڷһֲŭХһȦȦƵɺڶֱ顣
һ߰ĺǣ飡
һѪâӡ֣һŭһȭǳʱռŻɺڶ֣֮γһɣһ˿˿֮һǾ֮ĺ֮ϡ
¡
Ǿ֮ĺǱһУֱķѣǲд֮飬Ҳһɢûڡ
Ǿ֮־ѣһʣ²ʮ֮һҲȫѹ档ɵkѾ鲻ȫǲħȦķȻֲûԦܶ˼㣬ȻĶ֡
Ǿ֮֮綼ʼ
һҫǸؾֱ֮ӷɳ
ǲ֮У̮򶼿ʼ顣
һâ΢΢һʹǲֱ֮ӷɳ
ϧħڶ࣬ԭħҲֻҵһ֮У汦ȴܹΪã̫ϧˣ
濴̮ĲһĨϧ֮ɫ
ǲ֮УӵܡԭħֻһıضؼҲһƿ桢Ҳһɳ棬ûҪҵǱصĺۼǳ˵Ρ
ԭħݷħʥôֵ֮꣬أɲֹһ
΢΢һ¶һޱȵЦݣ΢΢һΣһʧ
ħʥ֮֮סʥء
Ϸһ˿˿ҫֱӳ֣һ⣬ֱӷȥ
ή֮ǿή֮ת֮
֮Уһƿͷ­ϳ̡צüһӡʥһ棬ʱɫ䣬һĨ־֮ɫ
תƣ
ʥһȣȡһȨȣһ²ǰĴء
֮Уһһ߼ǿϢڶ𣬽Լע֮ڡ
һһ˿˿û֮С
ˣ
һ˫һ´Ľ֮ڣһ˺Ľֱӱ


1563 
һή֮ѷ֮䣬ͬһ㣬֮ڡ
ǿή֮֮£ħֱӿήһ߾ʬ塣
ӣ
ʥһĨ֮ɫҧȵ
һҫǶ˷ȥ
ǿή֮һŤݻΪһή磬ʥĹâһ
ʥһ֣ټֱ֮ӷɳһֱԱ
¡¡¡
֮дһֲޱȵıը֮ǿήֱ΢΢һʥôʱʧ
֮Уһâҫ˷ȥ
ǿήһһή֮ⴹ䣬Щ߱ǿή֮һգ׷׿ήţҳƮɢ
޵ʥǿ߹Ȼɱ
濴ѾӵԶʥ΢΢ҡͷ΢΢һΣһû֮ڡ
ˣ
ػȣһɽ֮ǰһץһɽɽһʯͷһץС
һ˿˿ҫһͷͷͬһĹֱӸ֣ԣĮޱȵߵĹޣڤڣֻ߲ܹ档Ѿ˷塢꣬ڤ׼𣿡
һҲװŪ
һЦһǿή֮ǹһ
ôɱңѵ±𣿡
һһĮ׹һĿήž֮ɫҽУһɫڶ
ҷ⣡
Ŀ䣬һָһָ׹üġ
صӡһһʴ׹
׹˫һɣһſڣһɫڵkĿи֡
һΣһһû׹ĿС
һ׹ĿУͳһС֮ڡ
С֮У洦ɼϡޱȵĿ
˫֮صӡҫɫ⣬һС翴ȥѰǸСı
ϧС棬ûһ֮ɣ
һĨʧ֮ɫһץһֲޱȵɺڶֱӸ֣ǸС֮ڣֱһ
С綼һɣ
¶һ˿֮ɫС֮ҽ֮ĵֶһɡ
һâ΢΢һֱӴԭ֮ʧ
һ׹Ŀзɳһֱӽ׹ֱ飬ή֮һ׹ҳʧ
˫һ˺һռѷֱӳ֣һֱûǿռѷ֮ڡ
һħƵɽϷһ˿˿ҫֱӳħƵɽϷ
ѾʧÿĶ
濴ǿտޱȵɽһĨ֮ɫ
ħʥÿһܲҲӵ˷˼Ŀֲ
ٵ֮󣬾༸ľȻԭأɱɱ
һ֣һֱӸ֣һֱûС
һȴһ³һƬɫħϷ֮߳˫֮ҫصӡһƬɫħƿȥ
԰Ҳʧˣ
Ŀ΢΢һٴδһȴûС
һâ΢΢һȣһ³һƬʮϵĹ֮֮ڡ
ɱɱɱ
һ棬˫֮о͸ֳһ˿˿׹⣬ֱȥ
Ҳʧˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ֣һή֮·һ
ǿή֮֮£ԲĹֱӿήҽʧ
һץή֮һûУ΢΢䶯һ±ή֮һģһǿߡ
浭ȻȥռҪԴ
ǣ
ή֮һģһǿÿһ嶼һ˿˿֮ĿֲϢħʥֱӷȥ
浭ȻһЦһ»һ˿˿ʧ
ľԭʥάܲһҳɫս
һҳɫս˵֮άս콢Ϊά˺պչѫ
ά֮һ콢ҲòϣͳΪ˼άѹ˵ıҲǼάܲڡ
ɫս֮ϣһĹҫһһ֮бǣûɫս֮ڣΪά
һ˿˿ҫһ³ɫսϷ
ά壬ǾȻɱңôǾͳΪľԭʥĵһˣ
ɭһЦһ±ֲޱȵĿή֮һǣݺһɫս֮ϡ
¡
һ춯صľ֮Уɫսһ±һֲޱȵĴ󶴡
ǿή֮ս֮ӿάǿֱ䡣
һâҫǼά߷׷˷Ӵܶȥ
ûãһ˿˿ҫʹɫս֮зɳʧ
ή֮ת֮Ѿգʼɱ¾Դ
ѵЩ֮ת֮ڿʼˣ

ʮʥ֮Уһһݣܿд֪һή֮ת֮ĽŸӶԴĻ̡̻
һؾ֮Уһ˿˿ҫһǿ߻˫ۣһ˿˿޵ʥ֮Ŀֲӵk֮
ή֮ǸһﾹȻˣԤƵǰھǧ꣡
һǿһ˫ۣһֲŤϢŤա
֮սѾǰʥЩʧΨһĻᣡ
֮кâһſһ磬һ֮ӵkĿɢأ֮еʯ顢Һһ
һŤĹâҫһͷɢ߼ֲϢĸɫֱӸ֣֮ǰʣ
֮ɭһЦܺãعأٴ̤۷壡
ǣʣ
һɫâ
һâ΢΢һ֮ͳ˧Űžʥķȥ
ʥܲ
̾һɽ֮ϵʥӦѪ궯Ȼɫ䣺ʼˣ
ʼˣ
֮ˣӽ彫ٴξ£

֮Уһɹڣ˷ܡ
֮ǿƣһҲֻһκû֮ӻֻһһ֮գٴ̤֮֮ôһͿһԾΪ綥塣
֮ˣܵή֮Ĵ̼
ҪҪ
ÿһʱֻܹ֧һ֮ͱ֮ή֮ûʤ㣿

֮һЩˣ֮Ŀֲڶһд󶯣Ȩס


1564 
ޱߣӵ޾Դ֧һϵ֮ǾԴЩŵ֮ƿء
㱬֮ս֮УÿһʱҲֻһ֮˵̤۷塣
滯Ŀή֮֮֮Щߵ֮Ҫͱаʤή֮֮вΪ߽
һ޾ɫâؾ֮Уһ޴Ľɽҫֱըѿ
һͷ峤׵Ľǽɽ֮зɳޱȵĽ⡣
֮ȻѾѣôǾ겻սɣ
һɢޱȵϢ˺Ѳ񷣬һû֮Уżάʥķȥ
һ󣬼άʥ֮еάͱֱӴݻ٣˳ϵάǿ߶ǽ̳ԣ硣
ˣ
֮Уһֱݡ֮ȻǽҲض֮һ֮ٴ̤֮֮ʱ򣬾ǽȫʱ򡣡
kȻôҾͲˣ

Щԭ׼ѵ֮һӦ֮֮Ȩѡ˳ᡣ
֮ˣȻˣҲס֣һˣ
ľԭʥ죬һƵ֮ϣĿ˸帡ֳһ˿˿ֱʧ
֮漫ʥһĵ֮ڣһԾŹâ΢΢һʹԾ֮˳
һεջ񼫴Ӷ֮ıءȫ֮ҵĵ̣ϣ׳Ϊ֮
һĨ֮ɫϥ˫ۣޱȵӡ֮
ޱȵӡâÿһҫϢͱøǿһ֣궼ڲϵɱ䡣
ʱʮʱת˲š
֮У滺˫ۣػҳüͷ΢΢һ壺Ҫ֮Ȼûô򵥣ҵԴѾľ֮һء
ֻܹõʹˣ
ֻҪ֮ʹǽлѰҡǲ֮ع飬ҽ֮أ
һĨ֮ɫʹȡֱܽ⣬һ˿˿ûԼڡ
άַܲ
һâ΢΢һ֮һ³ַ֮ǰ
ή֮Դ֮ή֮伣ɲϿή֮Ը񣡵k׺ᱩ壬˿ҵȷС
ַ֮һ˫֮֮⣬ַһ
֮ϯ֮£ַ֮вдһή֮һ·ɳ֮С
ή̺֮һ˿֮ɱ֮е֮ҲǿήɣαװΪή֮Ӷ֮أҪΪ֮
֮ǿή֮һۣĿ΢΢һһ¿ǿή֮ıʡ
ǿή֮ÿή֮طתγɵĿή֮޵ʥǿߣȴ֮֮
ʮʥ֮Уͨɰ壬Ѿ̶ֳִȵģֻһˣεʥ棡صú
֮˫֮ڣһ˲ͽʮʥ֮еĶǿ߹һ飬ֱ棬һĨɭޱȵɱ
ʮʥ֮Уͨɰǿ߲ܹ׳ΪͷǿʮڣҲֻһˡټ֮һ档
ȳ֣ض˾޴ĺô׳Ϊ֮ǰɱҵȶΪ
֮һĨ⣬˫֮иֳصӡһή֮ȥ
ǿή֮һڣֱӱ仯Ϊһˣһ˸ոճ֣һصķ֮£ֱӱҳ
濴ҲѾ֮żֻһܹ׳Ϊ֮ʮСģ˰նԼһкۼǸ
֮һĨϢһ̧ͷ֮пȥɭޱȵȻңôҾȻ漫ʥĸƾʲôҶ
漫ʥεʥΧǿա
һ֮֮и֣һһǿ֮зεʥܲڵķȥ
εʥҳΰ֮Ҫ㣡
һǧʥεʥף֮𵴡
һ˿˿ҫεʥһ³εʥϷһ۾ͿεʥܲΧס
֮УһŻƽǴ֮һˣɢһ˿˿֮Ŀֲ֮
֮
εʥһ֮жʱ΢΢һ
һ㾡һεʥҲĿƾ֮ܡ֮һεʥûһ˿ʤĿܡ
εʥ֮һ񹧹ΰ֪֮εʥкιɣ
֮һĨɭޱȵɱ棡ҾʹεʥεʥȮ
棿εʥ΢΢һ㶣ҧΰ֮Ŀǰεʥ֮ڣεʥҲ˿֪
澹ȻĵεʥԲϢһͲεʥ
εʥʥ巢ģһεʥϢԻϱ
εʥʮֹϷġkԻһޱȵ⣬γһƬԼ飬һû˵kü֮ڡ
ϧŲ㣡ŲЩ¼࣡ȥɣ
֮һĨĹâɭһЦ̽צһץ޾ڣγһĽɫεʥݺץȥ
εʥ󾪣Ȩһ㡣
εʥܲһޱȵɫ⻪ҫһſǳ֣γһǳ絲εʥǰ
¡
֮һɫǳ֮ϣӲĽɫǳ飬˳·εʥܲȥ
һɫĹâҫεʥǻһ⣬˷ȥ
֮һĨ֮ɫɱǣҪɱйϵ࣡ҵҪ̵ܹʲôʱ򣡣
һХεʥֱȥɱεʥǿߡ
֮㲻úεʥ㲻ݣ
εʥһޱȵĽֱӻһ⣬ԭʧ
һɫĹâҫһͷʥ޵ʥǿҲ׷ɢ
ʱһʥΰϢĹһ´漫ʥ֮еĳնֱ񷡣
綼Ϊ֮һŴʥ֮УӴޱȵıԴ֮漫ʥ۶ȥ


1565 ֮
һɷĵĿ־սʮʥ֮˵ӿ
֮ڽ֮
Ѫѹƣ
˽֮ˣ

ʮʥ֮мʶжһĨ֮ɫʮڽ֮
ʮʥ֮л۶޾һڵ۶ȥγһֲޱȵ籩
һʱⳤ֮и֣ʮʥʷлݡ
ʱⳤ֮ţʱ֮ʱıԴ
棡ҵˣȻѾߵһ㲻ã
֮һ棬бһĨâԦ޾֮һ˲˺գԽ˲֪꣬һʱⳤ֮ǰ̽צһץݺץȥ
֮֮ϡޱȣһΪ֮Խףһʧܣֻ·һ
һǼǿ߶Ը⿴һ֮˳
ʱⳤ֮ߣ׷ݱԴеעʱ屾Դ֮ڣ޷ֵ֮һ
ʱһ֮ޡ֮еᴩ񷣬һâݺݵĳ֮צ֮ϣ֮צ顣
֮֮߳ű֮ɫһָ֮ޡֱӷɳͬޣ֮ݺݳȥ
飡
֮âһſһ磬һֲޱȵϢֱʱⳤ֮еֱӺȥ
֮ޡ֯γһǰ
ϢһºǱ֮ϣȼǱֱӷմ
һ֣޾ĲþԼһ߼ĲþֱӸ֣֮ȥ
һ߼Ĳþ׾ĴӶ֮ս޵ʥǰߣҲҪһֽŲܹȫɱ
һȺϣȻ赲ΰ֮Ǽʶһ֮
֮һĨſһ磬һֲޱȵֱ֮ǲþԼþֱӾȥ
ʮڲþ֮߱һֱӽйޱȵת䣬һе
һ߼Ĳþ׻Ҳڲʼһֵַ

֮кâһһ¸ֳһȦȦޱȵĹƣ˷ɢȥ
һ߼ĲþҲʼ໥Ϊһ壬֮
ʮڲþĻеһþɱ޴ıը֮ڶ
һ˲䣬ֱʱⳤӵԴͷſһһʱⳤֱûڡ
һһؿռŻֱӸ֣̺ռ䷨򣬲ûڡ
棡
֮һĻ̽צһץһʮſѪֱҧȥ
ֻҪҲͲ˺
֮кâһֱ֮Ӹ֣໥֯ݺݵĳǳʮ֮ϡ
¡¡
ÿһ֮޳֮ϣὫһֱӳ顣һһ˲䱻ȴȻײȥ
һǳ֮ҫǼֳǶֱӸ֣Ԧ޾ǳԵһ֮ǰ
¡
һֱײǶ֮ϣǶͬǼһͬɷ顣
һöǼľоƬֱӷɳһ⣬һûС
һһǼ飬һС
һµ֮ǰһȭ֮ϣǿ񱩵˲䱬һ顣
һ˲䣬һѺֱ֮ϸ֡
ռŻҲһ˲ûڡ
һǳֱӴ֮и֣ںϡ
ȥ
֮âȥ
һ˿˿Ӱ֮Ӱ֮и֣ӰֳӰìȼһһӰ֮ì֮ȥ

֮һβͣǾ޴βһ³Ӱ֮ϡ
Ӱһ˲ǿֲ֮£ķѣ飬һöоƬֱӷɳҲǿֲ֮֮£ֳѺۡ
㣡
֮кâҫȼձԴ֮һһ³֮Ӵޱȵ֮ϡ
֮޺Ĳλ֮һ°ȥըѿƬѪ·ɽ
֮˳һƣͷͬìһֱӴ֮Ѫ֮ڣһ֮ҫ֮Ѫ⡢ꡣ
ϣ㾹Ȼң
֮һĨŭɫһŭǿֲޱȵ֮˲䱬ͬˮһ֮޳ڡ
Ǽ֮Ŀֲ֮һ³ڣһնѿƬѪ֮񷡣
һâҫһֱ֮ӱԼ顣
㱻ش֮Ȼݣ߶֮ޣ֮ȥƵ֮òս
һֱ֮Ӹ֣һ̤֮У֮ĳˢ
ʿ֮УӡֱӸ֣΢΢һΣڤڤ֮еķֱ˲ʧ
һ̣֮ʧ
һɺڶֱӸ֣һɺڶ֮ڣ롣
ӡǴ֮߳һ⣬һûڡ
һӡȫںϣܹ׳Ϊ֮ǰĸ棬ܹ汾Դ֮ȱ
ϣ
֮һĻâһһҧȼվѪʩչطһ˲µǶ۷壬ﵽ֮ľ磬һצֱӺȥ
֮һצֱӷصֿһɳ˺ۡ
ǽ֮֮ʵֻҪ㷢ʮֱܹӻɱ
ȥ棡
֮ȴ˿û㣬̽צһץԦһ֮ݺץȥ
֮һ
һ˫ۣ޾⣬һ֮Ŀֲ֮̽צ֮ݺһץ
¡
һֱ̮֮ɳ֮ңһ¹ѣѪأͬʱϢһ˥˰ٱϡ
㱾Ѿˣ֮䡣ǿм֮ѾϼˡѾҵĶ֡㾹Ȼɱңôֻ·һһ̣
ɭޱȵɱһ˲֮ǰ̽צһץһɺڶֱӸ֣֮ȥ
֮ɫˢһ±ò԰ޱȣһĨ־֮ɫ֮֮ӿԶȥͼɺڶ֡
ɣ
һɺڶһ˲֮Ϸɺڹⴹ䣬ֱ֮С
Ҫɱң棬֪ˣҪɱң
ɺڶ֮Уһ´֮İ֮


1566 
棬֪֮ıأ֮ܣҪɱңҿΪЧʮ꣡ŮҿԽŮͳͳ׸㡣
֮ɺڶ֮зһߴ󡣵k֮Ψһһ֮ǿߣ㣬һЩ滹ҪϣǵkȻȻҪȥ
ҪֻҪ֮ıԴ
һЦӡҫɺڹ֮䡣
֮һ·һޱȵĲҽ֮һĻҽƮɢ
һУһâ΢΢һǻ˺ۣõͳǰ
֮ڣϵ˺壬޷Ȭ
һָӡֱûڣڵһ
ʮ֮䣬ڵ֮֮ͱֱһա
ڣЩͳͳȥɣ
Щεʥ֮ŰһۣĿ䣬һָ
һڶһЩ֮иֲ֣ɺڹЩһ
ǧͳͳһɺڶ֮ڡ
£ס֣һһԸ⳼ѣ
һ峤Ťһ˺ѷεĽʩչطš
һ峤ôֵסһɿֲޱȵһ֮䣬ͱɺڶ֮ڡ
֮еɺڶһգһƬƬҳƮ䡣
ˣǿһľ񣡣
֮ˣ
һ徹Ȼˣ
Ȼͻ㼫ڣ׳Ϊ֮
εʥȻӵ֮

εʥ֮Уһ´󻶺֮漫ʥ챾Ҳֻ֮׳Ϊ֮ζεʥѾΪ漫ʥĵһ
֮ȻΪ֮
εʥ棬żʡĽ֮ɫ˼ڣȻһ̾ӿһ˿˿ǣ֪֮εʥǸǻ
ͷԶԶĿ棬ϲǲΰ룬ӵɫ
εʥӵε漫һ֮ػٴεһ֮ζ֮пΪεʥȨԴͻ
εʥңεʥп˥ȥ
濴εʥһۣȻһЦ΢΢һΣֱӴԭʧ
άʥһϷȻɫ΢΢һ䣺֮ˣkոս׵֮ɱˣ⣬û⣬һ֮Ӧɱҵ·ϣ
Щ֮˵ʮʥܹ֮õkǼԴѾʮϡ١䶼ѾԵkǺá
澫ͨɰ壬Ǵ֮ٶͷҲĻ۱øӻ޷ԵĽΨ֮ǿߣܹѸٵɱ䣬øǿ
뿪˵أ
һХһֲޱȵ˷ȥ
һâҫǽһɫĹâ֮У˷ȥ
Ҳʩչط˫һ񣬻һɫĹâԶȥ
Ȼϧ㻹һ
һ˿˿֮ҫһʱⳤָ֮߳һţһ°˽ü֮ϣһӡֱӸֱ֣ɣûС
棬Ҹԩ޳ΪʲôҪɱң
ɺڶ֮Уһչ˫
Ŀ⵭Į뿪ֳֻֽ֡ܵش궼ԻָԪΪֻ֣ܹȥˣ
һЦʲôΪ֣Ϊҵ֮ԴɣСˣ
ȻҲⷽأ
Ŀ⵭Ȼһɺڶ֮һɺڹǽһˢǽһᣬ΢΢һҽʧ
ˣ
ײУ
Ľ׳Ϊ֮ˣ

ЩעߵǿǼһĻжӿһ˿˿⡣
Щһ֮ص֮һ֮ս֮ˣ״̬α֮һݷ¶١
ʥ죬ս֮أʵ֮أҵս
տһۣ΢΢һΣһֱʧ
ʵΪλŻһΡǴһΣ治֪ҪȶпܻýʵĻᡣ
һ֮׳Ϊʣ綼ʵ֧֮£Ҳûһ˿ᡣ
ʥ졣
һ˿˿΢΢һͳΪص֮սʮʥ졣
һ밲ʥ죬ĸоһɹɿֲޱȡǿޱߵ֮𵴡
һĨâĬĬѾʼɱô˵ʹǺ԰Ѿ𣿡
ʹǾǴ˵֮Уһʵĺǡ԰һʵΪƶɵľ԰
԰֮Уڵľ䣬ֻлʺһ԰֮еıЩ֮пܽΪʡ
֮е֮ƽ໥ɵ֮£Բ׳֣ɱΨǽʵŻ᲻һеķս໥ɱ
ǲħkÿΪҵһ
һ˿˿ޱȵ΢΢һʧӰ٣һսƮȥ
һƬ֮УһħŻһеĿֲܣһ߸ߴļάȥ
ʺǣ򣬾ȥ
ħԦ޾Ĳħ⣬ף֮𵴡
άħǵʵڲ֮䣬֮ս壡סְɣ
ħĿɭеʺǣǲݣ
Ҫսұս
άâʩչطӶеĳǹǲħɱһ
֮ɱ֮һſǳ촷ۣѣһѷ֮и֡
֮缤ս֪жλ졢λλڵkǵС
֮УҲ֣֮յһǧλµ飬
ͬһ㣬ȫǱһߣȴᡣ
ʱţʱת˲š
ǲħάѾս룬˰ʥһƫԶ֮أǿ߶˺ۣԪˡ
άһ԰׻ħסְɣȥֻܾˡɣҺ֣ȡһʺǡҿԷ֮ԣ㿴Σ


1567 
ħĿ΢΢˸ã
ħʵȻʤάһǼսȥֻܾˡǲħά֮䲢ǲݵйϵȨ֮󣬵kǹϵѡϡ
ǿϧȻѡϣ
һ̾Ϣ֮һŤһ
ʲôˣ
ħ棬һĨ֮ɫһ˿˿ħڵkΧ֡
ɱǵˣ
һʱȻ֣һģڼάǰָһţһɺڶȻ֣żάֱӾȥ
ħһ֮
άӦ֮Ŀֲɫ䣬һ¸ֳһֻëȻ飬֮пȥ
һɫëȻ֮зɳɺڶ֯һ
ɺڶ΢΢һһһɺڹһ˲佫άֱ˽ȥ
ħĿ˸һŤſʮԲ֮ȼħѪԶȥ
һǰһ㡣ȻѾ֣ôܻ
浭ȻһЦһָһʱŲħһ
ʱʴ֮£ħһ˹ޱȵʱ֮Уһ󵹷ɡ
飡
ħһĨһŭһ±һħ⣬ֱһʣһʱֱӱ

һֲֻޱȵȭͷᴩ˲ħӡҫγһɺڶֱӽǲħ˲ɡ
ħһ𺧵ĺеôܣôʵôôǿ
ħѾάܾˣȻӵпֲޱȵҪ֮ѣ¡ھȻһѹֱŵ˼㡣
һҽ֮Уǲħͱֱɡ
֮ҵ궼ڲϵɱÿʱÿ̶ڱǿָоã
оԼԴԴӿһĨ˷֮ɫ
Ϊģ壬ڰ֮ɵ֮Ϊ֮ٴη˷츲صɱ䣬Լøӿֲ
֮ϣҲЩƵ֮ѷһЩǿ֮ϣԳԽ˾֮
һ˿˿ޱȵҫԭʧ
һƬ֮Уһ峤ߴͷϳŹǵĹ֮Ӵܣڵkһ̺žŤӰӡ
һ̺޾ŤӰӾǾ֮һɫľ֮ӰǾ֮֮зɳǹ֮ˢȥ
ÿһ֮Ӱһˢǹ֮֮ϣǹ֮͸ֳһ
ǹ֮΢΢һֱһƤŽǺɫľ֮Ƴ
֮һ֮ΪʲôҪ׷ɱң֮ԩ޳ΪʲôҪ׷ɱң
棬ӦԨ棬ĺڰ֮ɣɣΪҵһְɣ
Ǿ֮һҵĲһ֮Ӱǹ֮ˢȥ
֮һŤ᣺ӣ񾭲
֮һ֮ս֮Уʮ֮֮еĹkʮ֮԰֮е챦Ϊģһٽ׳Ϊ֮
ħʥĴ֮Լ֮Щһ֮սǾ֮˷񣬷׷ɱŹ֮Ź֮

һʱһ³ǹ֮ǰʮͻأֱӳ֣һȭᴩ˹֮ţӡҫǹֱ֮ɡ
Ϊʲôң
֮һɺڶ֮УһŤĺе
Ϊ
һЦǾ֮һۣ΢΢һΣԶˡ
Ǿ֮ʵԶԶ֮֮ϣаջܶԷȴûаջɱԷ
ΪʲôҪӣɣ
Ǿ֮Ż֮ɫһЦĹһľ֮ӰֱӾȥ
Ŀ䣬һ֣һؿռŻֱӸ֡
ľ֮ӰһͷһؿռŻ֮УŤʱգ޷汾Ĵڡ
һâҫʹԭʧԶȥ
ɣ
Ǿ֮һЦһ⣬׷ȥ
ӣ
濴Ǿ֮һۣĿ䣬һЦС
һƬǿ֮Уһߴһ̣ͨʥһǣһɫƬŨɫ֮еʥɱ
ʥ̳ÿһ̺ΰŸְ뷨򣬹ᴩ񷣬ʥȥ
ʥɫĶڣʥһ𣬷ĸʴʥ
֮ʵڲ֮䣬໥֮䣬ҲֻŶԷ
滯һâһ³֮ĸתطϢһʧ
ɣɣްɣаɣ
Ǿ֮Ҳһ³֣һ֮Ӱʥʥȥ
֣
ʥɫ΢΢һ䣬һʥȥ
ã
ʥһĨ֮ɫʮֹϵͬ϶ֵ飬Ǿ֮ȥ
һɫǾ֮֮ϣÿһܹһЩ֮Ӱ
ʥĶ֮еһͳͳǾ֮Ӱñ
֮Χ֮£Ǿ֮ȴЦƬľ֮Ӱӵk֮зɳʥʥɱ˻ˡ

һʱʮͻأʥ֣ʱ֮߳һȭֱӷʥзûkڡ
һ֮Ӱһºʥ֮ϣõkһҽУֱӱһɺڶɡ
ɣ
Ǿ֮һЦ֮ӰҲֱӺȥ
һεҷ
ʥһĨ֮ɫһɫҫȼ֮ԴһһɫĹâһ˺һУŰʥ֮ȥ
ϧ
һĻһĨϧ֮ɫһɺڶֱӸ֣Χľ֮Ӱֱɣ΢΢һΣһȥ
ʥϾЩ˵֮ҪɱkҲҪĴʱ;ȻʥѾߣǾͲɱĶ
ǰʥģȻһâţһ޾ʥâҫһŸ԰ֱӸ֣貵⡣
ˣ԰
ʵ

ǰʥأЩɱŵ֮һһ԰ڵķȥ
Ҳɱ֮һ⣬԰ڵķȥ
Ҫʹ࣡ס֣
Ǿ֮󣬺Ȼ֮䣬԰ųһնʱһҽУðһɫ


1568 
ûʹǣ⵽˷ɣûᣡ
һĻкâһָһţһīķӡֱӸ֣ھ֮
֮Ӵܣһͷײһīķӡ֮ϣͬճ֮֩ϵĳһ㣬סԶ
԰ųǾ֮֮ϣõkһðһ̣һķֽ
֮֮֮УҲǶǿߣԿ֮԰֮ȴǲһһ֮Ӱϸ֣Ȼ󱻾ɻҽ
һ̣
һĨâȻ𣬻һ⣬һ³Ǿ֮ǰֱһȭ˾֮ı֮ڣһɺڶֱӸֱ֣֮ɡ
Ҫңãںһɣ
֮Ť˫ŻŤľ⣬еȼգľ֮һ˺ɺڶûü֮С
һɺޱߣ޾һ̺֮޾ľ
ü֮һ³һ̺޾ף֮ϣ˫۾Ѫᣬֲ
棬ҲǾ֮ҪȾϾɫ
Ķͷһ֮Уһ´һëȻЦǸȴһģһ
Ҫͬңǳ˵Σ
кâһɭһЦһӡ֣֫ٺ֮еľ֮
ԼĶͷһץֱһ˺ӲĽһ״Ķͷ֮˺¡
һɫڷɳһûһ֮С
ΪʲôΪʲôںϣֻҪΪһ壡ܹȫȫҵ޵У
һһŤ仯ΪһŤ壬ĺ֮
ҪԱҵǲܿƵ
温һž֮ĺģһЦҲ㣬ҲѾ޵У
һֱӽŤľ֮飬ӡ֣Ǿ֮ıԴ֮
˾֮澶ֱ԰ķȥ
ʹǣ򣬾ȥ
һǹɵ֮ʮͻأĴ֮зɳһצֱ̽ץȥ
ǹצ룬һ޾ǵֱӸ֡
һɫ֮֮ӿһֱӲƶȥ
㾹ȻңлǰѰ·Ϊҽʵ̤ʯ
ɭһЦӡҫһȭֱӺһ޾ǵ֮ϡ
һɺڶֱӸֱ֣ӽƬȻ޾ɺڹ⣬һɡ
һ磬һ˲ƳǺ֮ǰһȭǺ֮֮ϣǺ֮һȭ顣
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǻֱ֮ɡ
ôܣŸոս֮ôܻôǿ
Ǻ֮һŤɺڶ֮зʮ֮󣬾ͱ֮ȫʴҳƮɢ
ǿ
Ǹ棬ôôǿ󣿡

һ֮Ǻֱ֮ɣһһ֮ɫ
Ǻ֮֮㲻ǶǿߣҪܵkףҪɱk֮˵ʮѶȡ
澹Ȼܹɱֱ֮˷˼
棬ε漫ǲεʥʲôʱôǿ
Զڲ֪֮⣬ǱʮعȦףһͷɫ̷ʥȻЦ
ε漫һĨ֮ɫЦֻǱչһΣѾˣû뵽һλĴڣȻܹߵһ
εʥ֮Уʥε漫֮Уֵһᡣk߸ϣ֣עЩС¡
ε漫Ҳû뵽ڵkεʥ֮Уһ꣬ڵkһεʥȻѾ׳Ϊ֮kͬУʵԶԶڵk֮ϡ
ʥһĨ֮ɫһ̾԰Ӱ죬Ѿʹǣ˼ʣ
Ҫ԰ͱӵʹǡ
ûʹǵ˸ֵܵ԰ų⡣
Ϊ˽֮ѾԼʹһգһ·ɱɱ˼ʣҲʹǡ
棬ε漫ɷеʹøһ飿ҿεʥΪֻҪøһʹǣεʥˣ
ε漫âֱӿԽ꣬洫
浭֮λ־ڱصã֮⣬һУֵһᣡ
һ׳ΪʣͻһԾΪˣƿش֮еһУεʥֵһᡣ
ε漫Цһ£һĨ֮ɫնΧ԰ķȥ
һâ΢΢һ԰Χ
԰Χվ֮
һ֮ȼף׹âҫ·ܹʱ⡢ˣһеһͳͳգ
һ֮һ磬⣬ھ֮
Զ֮ͬĿֲϢ֮֮и֣ķ
һʱִֻܹǵʹǣ򣬾ȥˣ
˫֮ſֲޱȵף֮
֮һĨâһŵļһ棬֣һɵkΣ
Ŀ΢΢һЦã
֮һ֣һȨֱӸ֣һɫӵkֱӸ֣ҫޱȵ⣬һ˲ѸٵţͳͳС
һɫķ֮ӿγһֱӲƶȥ
㼶ʹֱӸ֣γһֻʹţȥ
һ֣һ˺Ѳ񷣬ʹȥ֮أʹֱӻҽ
֮ȵһ֮
浭ȻһЦվԭأһһϷʵĿ֮
֮һŭ棬ڸʲôΪʲô֣ѵҪҺܾ𣿡
΢΢һЦݵ񣡣ϧ֮սû˿ɱ⡣еĹ漰ԴرǵɱⶼңҺܺ棬Ϊʲô˻ɱ⣿
Ϊ̫Σˣ棬ոս֮ѾƥƵ֮İ壬ҲΪΣյɰ塣Ѿ˺ü֮kǵıԴֻ磬ûĶ֡ԣ
Ŀ䣬һ޾׷裬γһȼ׵׾ˣһȭֱ


1569 ʣ֣
Ʋã
֮Ŀ䣬һָ
֮Уһ¸ֳԼ
顢ʥ顢ͳͳеա
һɫ֮зɳһϣͬһɽһѹ档
Ĳ²ʮȷϧһ
浭ȻһЦǰһһŤǽɫһ˲ͱ飬ȭ׵ľֱһ
ʱռŻǳɺڶ˳֣Ϊһ壬һ׾˵֮ϡ
һ׾һ˲ͱ飬ȭͷֱɡ
һɲ֮䣬ͬ˲һǰһȭ֮ϣķѡ
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǳ仯Ϊ׵ֱɣŵk֮Դ
ŤһţУôܣôôǿ󣿲ܣ
׳Ϊ֮Ѿһǧ֮꣬ϵ֮֮һkʵ֮֮УҲһĴڡkôҲ벻ԼȻᱻһȭɱ
ҵĸʵϵ֮kǵҶѾȫôҵĶ֣ĵȥɣһʣ
һЦָһϣĻֱ飬㱾Դ
ֵˣ
һĨɱ֮ȥ
ϣס
֮һһ֣
֮ڣ顢ʹͬˮһķȥʩչֹɱȥ
ûõģ
ӡҫֱӱ仯Ϊһſһеɺڶ顢ʹһ˲佫kɣһҳ
ұ
֮һĨ֮ɫһŭһ¸ֳصӡâһһ˲ֱԱ
ǻǧĿֲγɵĿֲ籩һ¾ͽֱûΪ̮֮
ֲޱȵ籩԰֮Ű
ɣ
ǿֲޱȵ籩֮Уһֱֻ̽һץһץ֮ϣһ˲佫Ǳޱȵֱ֮󱬡
һɺڶֱӸ֣Ǳ󱬵ֱ֮ɡ
Ӵޱȵ㱾Դ֮ԴԴϵûڡ
֮ǿ߶Ķ֣
ǿ£
ǿ󣡣

棬һ֮һĻжһĨɵ֮ɫȴ˭Ҳҿ԰
԰룬һɫһţǽɫ֮Уһɫĳˮ
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