============================================================
ྫУС˵С˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
============================================================
޾
ߣ¹ʤѩ

ݼ
ǳ̾ͽָơ
ԽĽޣ׷¡
һλŵͼӣھżһӡʶӴ˿ħ޵֮š
սһߣ
磬޾


һ 


1 
½Աģ˿ڲ֪򣬱߽粻֪
֮һǿΪռݶϲ
ҹ
ע꣬ɫ׵磬һտѳһĻ𻨡
۾Ͻ֣ǰ
һ˸ߵĺʯʨëɾ룬ŭĿԲǰ¸̤һֻշ࣬˫ĿһƬͨ죬Żȼա
һȥϬ䣬磡
ƾǧǣɽ
ʯʨм䣬ĺʯһ·£չʮףԶͬŵܡ
һŵ£Լʮġ꣬УѾҹ
ŽգĴҰ׻͸¶һɷƮҡ֮С

ˡ
㣬̣ͬɲǼڵϣһƬİ׻
һɫԲ԰ˡ
ҹδˮףɫ鷦Ȼȴִعڴǰƶ֡
֨
ͻȻŻһɫŻ·һյ׵ܼ˳ڵϵ꣬ҡҡͷ
ȥɣүǲżүģ
ΪʲôŴ򿪣ԭѾһ˿ϣ꣬ٴο
̧ͷ͸һ˿ŭһ˿һ˿󣺡ֻҸλһ棬ˣҲ𣿡

һ̾ϢܼٴŹɴĵĴš֨һ¹ϣͬȻͬ硣
ʧٴһƬڰ
̧ͷǰյĴţˮϻ䣬֪ᣬ꣬Ǻޡ
ͷŲ죬ƾˮʪȫֻһ䣺ǧﱼɥֻҸһ棬ˣҲ𣿡
¡
ڰ֮ϣٴλһֳ磬ҹĻ˺Ϊ롣
֮ϣ¶һʺĻڣһֻǱУɵĿֲޣſ졣

ͷλ֮һϾ˽ӡ
Сಡ弫ʮ꣬Ա丸Сھʱ֮һϰֻĻʣӳ
ϧΪԭ޷۳һֱ޷볤ţֻԺһЩֲӻ
ǰ֪ԼĪǧﱼɥȴ塰Ϻϣڼݡ
ϸǣ丸ǰδڴ֮ͥ£ݣ֮ϣδӹ˽ӵһһ
ռأֻҪδ֮ʽ¼㲻ӵܣûнʸ
ǣ֪棬ֻǣֻой񣬲ʽס
ӹ֮£ֻ⼮
걻볤ʱ丸͵ϵ棬չˣպ¼ףҲҪ졣
ϾһδȢ˽ӣʵҲΨһĶӡ
ֻףɣʵǲԸԼڼݣǺԼݣõ˵ĳϣӶΪ̳ȨƺͲƸ̳ˡ
ϮһϾûӣ٣ͻ䵽ܵܡϺϵϡ
ԣ֪ϾΨһĶӣҲСֶǣȴľܾżݡ
ΪֻΪǰԼպϮ̳Ȩ
ʱϻأ丸ݣȻԸ֦֪
պ󣬱ǡϾ֮գ
Ѿǰҹˣ֪䲢ǻλǣʯ

Ժ
͸һƬ겻ͬ˴գƸʹͷ֮ҹδء
ɽţͤ滨ݵ׺䣬ûʣı£
һߵ¥֮ڣ
һ΢ףź멣ݹӣθ߰εӣһź񵭽ëĻʯ֮ϣʯζ棬˶ͷñ۵ĺڰӰ
鵭ĮԲֻǰһԻƽ񱭣ǳ壬˼
Աߵǧ̴ľϣһֻ¯ƮݳһһƵ̣꣬ƺס
վǰڰӰҴһ£Ȼ׵δһȴһɱ˵ķƣĺ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻ⴫죬ţһӰᴩ룬Ʈڵء
˾ȻһƬëʹǰдУδմϵˮƬ
ڻعһüë΢΢һ£һ۴Խעı꣬ʵûô
ϣδ
ǲ뿪ˣ
Ī̾һϹܼȥȰˣ
ǡ
Ӱϧش𣬶֮ǰⷢ飬Ȼָơ
ǺǣϴһΣġ
һЦǰӰ۹۱ǣǹģ·ͻȻˣʲôҲû
ӵͷеǶԻƽ񱭣΢΢ڵƹ£񱭱ǽƵͬ˹ȻǾʻĽӨ͸
У͸¶ֵ񱭣ǺȻʴ£ǣȴҴ֣Ҳϲ
񱭵תһʺ£䵭ȴĿ
ȻϲҲûˣֻʹȥˡ
䣬ģһ͸һꡱ죬ĵֻ񱭣ȻͬʱΪ촷ۡ
˹̵һĻ䵽ǰӰУȻϰߡ
ͷҲ̧۾գͬδһ㣬ֻǲȻģӶɪһ¡
ٴ̧ͷ¶һ˿ĪЦ⣺ˣ籭ֻҪҴӡǵĶôȻ޷Ƕ֮ȥɣ
һУĩ׷ƮƮһء
ʺĵ̺֮ϣʱͬһۡ
̧ۿǰˣɣ֪ôˣ
֪ǽͻԸȥ죬ϹܼҾͻǣϻˣȻ˵ʧӰ١
Ϊ׵ĻӰԤϵشԥһ£ʵֻǣӡ
ţ⻹Ҫʣǻǲ̫
Ȼ̧ͷ۾УɫһţȻͬѳʵ
ȻѾ뿪ˣֺαٻǺǣһ˽ӣ޷ݣִСȥ˳ڣ˭ǵã˭ǵãȻ뿪ˣͲҪٻˣ
ǣ֪ôˡ
Ӱһţգ۲Ӱ
¥ڣ֮Ϩ
ꡭ
Ŀ׵磬ȻΪ֮һף֮ϣӵݡ
۾ںҹУ⣬ͬʯŴ⣬ȴһ˵ĺһʺ·
ͺͣҹһ


2 Ƶ
ϯ̡
⣬ڵصˡ
ͷϿʼͣð麹֫һƬͨ죬ȴҹķ꣬ڼֲסҪˡ
ȻŽʮ̨׵ĴţȴȻҧʮ־ǿĲԸȥ
ֻҸ׵һ棬ҪҲ𣿡
ʱꡱһĿ磬ҹգӳճԶǱİӰ
ɱ
ûκζӰȻڿգ㳯߼˶
һʹȭһʹһʹڣһ֡
ƿգգ۾͵ǰ
ذһȭɽҵ
ʲôˣ
һ¾ѣԭվзŭеڴʱжȻһ
ͣ
۽УһƻõĽ⣬Ȼ
һͷҲ֪ǴﱬһȻѹٳԱߵʯһܹһ
Ȼ󣬽㣬Ľ⣬৷ɳڿһֻȻףֱš
͡
ѪȻ˻˲ðѪ
һɼֱķΣ˲ŭˡ
ŭŭŭ죡
һ̣ﻹܲףУ޳ԹʶҲûһ
Ҫ˵صģ壬кˣ
ŭŭŭ
֮ŭ޻һ˲׽ؽû
ǲҼҸףڣɴ̿ɱң
ǺǺǣãðԭ顭ԭ
һıͻȻǻ
̧ͷ죬֪ǿޣЦ
ˮ˳Ĳ£򣬷ԣһƬڰһʱľ
ʣҲ֪ĵӰ˭
ûΪ֪Ҳá
ʱ״̬Լڱλʵ˵ЩóٶһĴ̿ͣؿжı䣬Ҳܱȵù
ȻˣǱƴˣͬھɣ
뵽ˣ۾Ȼһ΢գȻץһöԲͲ
ԲͲ֮ϣžĻơ
ʲôôе죿΢΢һ㶡
һ˲䣬һԲͲ׼˶һὣӡ

ͷ·һͻȻŵĻԲͲ֮УȻӯӯţëϸ룬һ˲Խ޾룬ὣǰ
ͣͣͣͣ͡
ὣӼ죬ǳˡ
Ծɣ㵽ǰҽȻɨȥС룬һ룬ԽǽӰ֮еķ϶ֱֱĹ˫ȣ

һصĲҽУȻϴὣֻ֫һ飬漴ȫ֪ˡ
ãҵҶɻ롭ӵɫȻ԰ס
硭
ٶĻӰӣ˽һŵı飬̶ĿѣΧСӣҪ
عͷĿ䣬һмƺҲûŹҡ
̧ͲĿһתض׷ĻӰӣͬʱŲȴϵĳȥ
Ȼŭȴδʧȥ
ӣֻл
ζȻһۣ˾ͻһӰб෽ȥ
ףȻڴܳһʱգҲԲϢɱֵĶ֡
ߵô
һ˷ŭĽ漴ꡭһһַ·쳹ƵХȻԺ
Х񣬴̶ĶĶۣ
ͷһƫৡһö˸޾𻨵ڣһβ棬ʯء

öգڵأֻͬʱһ졣
ˣͷƤһë޶
Ⱦ˾綾ľɥڣ
ߣ
̧׼ˣˣȴһ⣬ϴ֮ٱȥ
ӣһҪӣӵҪ
ֻҪ𣬾һҪ
ޱѣת۾Ѿܳϴ֡
һת۶򱱣۶ǵıżȥ
ĻӰӣԭѾ׷ǰְͲȴǲɵɫһ䣬Ųʱͣɫޱѿ

ô죿
׷
ߣ
νһ𣬻һۣûԥתͷðż籩꣬ͳߵķ׷ȥ


꣬ϣžۣȻˣʹ˫ȳǦǲܲˣһ·ǰġ
ȻȴһƬã
ǰǰǺηأ
󣬾Լ׵ļң׵໹ͣĺãԼȴƵͬһֻɥ֮Ȯ֪ܶҪη
󣬵һ֮


3 ҹҹ
ӣӵȥأ
ˮѪˮϵûᣬȴǺ⡣
ЦЦУԵ
ꡱ͸׹⣬ǰ·
һƣ۸д
ϵ˿ڻڹǹۣؿڴڵѪֵҰס
ȴܲˣֻҧһ·ǰȥ
ڣŽˣˣһԾ㳯ųǶ֮ϼȥ
¡֮䣬ˣһҹ֪ʱǾͷ
󣬽Ųˣٴ׷ˣ
ԽԽĽŲֽ˽еǹܰԲͲճѪ
ԲͲתűĽûһ˿ů
ȴףԼΨһҲ˵ԼҹܲΨһᣡ
ҶɻҶɻףͲҵʱ˵磬նǿʳֻһ˲ҶɻͲΪһ
ȴû뵽֮ڣһֱûлʹãȴڶԸɱʱҪԴɣ
նʵ˷̣Ȫ֪֪ܷۣ
һѾ˶ųǽ׹¡
֪ԼܴôߵĳǽϰȫأʱȣҲ˲ôˡ
žǣ
ڳİҹУյĳǽ⣬һ׹ص죬Ĺ
Ȼȴ˫ȵشһһգɷĳԶĺڰбȥ

ͬһڣһй
󣬳ǽϣͬʱӰ
Ծ³ǽǵӰӰȫ⣬ЦӰɣӰɣȥ⾩ܣ޴ççɽƽԭڵӵùô
׷
Ҳ³ǽӵķ׷ȥ

ȷˡ
ڰĻ£һ˵ĻļɽϣһǰĵӰڷٱš
ǰһԣһΣʱпܵ¡
ˣȴ֣ݲȣ͸һèϷӵ⡣
ৣ
Ȼ䣬һö˸ĳڣǣҹգֱϮǰϥ硣
ۡһ죬ǰһԣڵأҲץסᣬһת¶һöĽԲͲڵԲͲͲڣ׼ڵķ
һ죬һɳ
ԶĺڰУһ죬ʲô׹ء
ȻһͲ뷢ȴվֱ壬ûлͷ鿴һۣԶϷɱ
Ϯͷƽ˽һҧ촽ҧһСƤ
ѪҺ̴̱ǣ븹Уľһ
תǰɿ챼ȥȫĺڰ
ԣ֦ҶӹԽԽǻƧ
Ѫһ·ε£ֺܿ챻ȾͬӰ٣ֻһ㵭Ѫζ

ǰľɫƺʼģĻ·صѹϣȻһ˿ܲסĴ
һ֦ڴ·ϣһģ󣬴ףһ˿ܻ
ǰһصĴɽſ޿ڣܲˣһͷ˽ȥ
ã˰ɽ߽ܲʹǣҲ롣
밧ɽ֮ǰϽɱԭ˳
죬졭
۾УѾһ㱡ʲôҲ塣
һּȵƣ룬ϮԺоԼѾ˰״̬ˡ
ͷϵ˿ڣΪһʱļʼʹǰƺһ¡
ʲôٻͷ
ˣ׷ˣǰ£ͬʱ¶Цݡ
һӳճӣĮı顣
ȥɣС֣
ֻһָӵʳָȻ˲ɿݣͬһ֦
ָƣɢһɴ̱ǵζ
Ȼǿָ
ʱѾûκ뷨ֻбܵ˼άתһĻ¶ѵЦݡ
̧֣һҶɻ·ͻȻһ־޵ķʽʯ֮׷硣
󣬴ȸžһһָУʱ죬ð̡
ȸһ󶴣Ѫⷭ
۽УһᵶӣҲ෽ΧèϷϷʡ
¶źЦ⣬ת泯µȥɽǸ˵ԲͲ
ǺǣǲɱһȥҲԸ
飬վǰҲԼһطԼٿѡķʽ
룬ЩС˵ϡ
Ȼ󣬾ĺڰ
˫۱ϣϺҲ֪׹˶ãǰһƺǡͨһ׹ˮе졣


4 ̶
ô
ʯ֮Ǿþõļž
ᵶӺͿһԾæ±ϳ¿ȥȴֻһƬڰ
ºڿģֲָʲôҲ塣
ᵶӺ޺޵شһָףŭ񣺡ģԭΪ¶·ߣֻ־ܣû뵽
Сˣȥɣ
һߣӿһ£ֱۣƵص
һ£Ȼ˦һ磬˴룬ԱҶɻȥҽΡ
үµķԸҪˣҪʬûʬ壬λȥ
̧ͷԿ׳յ۹⿴һᵶӣصǿǺڻ£ҪȥҲ㣬Ȼȥˡ
˵꣬ͷҲأৡһѾ˲Ӻڰʧ
ڻ£
ȥᵶ۾ȻһȻһ󲽣ǰǴɫ¿ȥоȻĶļ¡
˸ȥ϶ѵ磬ˣɱһ磬磬ȵҡ
ߺһᵶͬ׷ȥ


ԺУеԼһɱ̹ǵĺˮΧشһ
Уʹϵ˴ʹϵشÿʱ֣Ҫһγ鴤
Ȼ䣬֮⣬âһ
һѹʮϽɫ׵绷Ƶľ޴ӡһţԽƲ㣬ХŽڻ¡
󣬹żСתŴʶ
ʲô
ʶУƺоʲôӡԼ
Ͻâš
ȻƬ֮Ͻâ˸˼£ȴ漴ʧ
ȥ
ǵׯܣׯε
ʵֻã
һʱĪɷһЦԼͻȻֵĻþɣ
һһƣһԡ
ûпڵĺˮ֮Уһԣ֮ϣظֳһϹ⡣
Ϲ⣬ԻϿգֳһöصϽͭӡ
Ͻͭӡ棬˸ʣϼ裬׵绷ƣ·һ߸ߵĹ
֮ϣֶ׷һֻ绢ȴӵͷβޣܣݡ
ѹʮΨҶ
һɿµɱ֮
ܵĺˮʱ
еޣԶ˱ܣ֪ܵʲôµ
紵Īϸ
Ȼͬһβһںģ˿䡣
ֱʱȥöϽͭӡٴȥʧͷʶ֮С
ϵϹ⣬Ҳ֮ɢ
Ȼûޣ۽ʮɷΧ֮ڣ·ʲôηĶ

ͬһʱ̣Ժ
ᵶԼӴͷɥվںǰҴһڡ
˵Сӽ˰ɽУ󵽴һڻ£·ߣ˵µĺ̶
ǡ
˵ԪСڸֵʵȻһСӳǣӽ˰ɽɱ
ǡ
ᵶԼӵͷӦǣ
ǺǣããĴԪ׷ɱһڣ󲻵ûͷԼһһˣһУֻһˣĻ˵Ҹôأ
ᵶӡͨһȥд壺𷣣
𷣣ôң
΢Цºͣ·˵һԼȫص飺ôС¶첻ãĴϺεºܣθ𷣵𣿡
Сİ²ʱ˲ȷСԸܷ
ᵶȻ̧֣ţžһ죬浹أɫȻһ˿ѡ
ɫһ䣬ʲôҲû˵ǹڵϣͷ
ãܺá
˿ȣһĵҲδ¶ϧ֮ɫ
˵˵ɣ֪һСӣεºܣӰɱɱŪ
ǡ
Ӳҷͷɿؽղŷڳڵ˵˳
صеǹܡҶɻ롱Լᵶ׷֮ߣ
벻
΢⣬૵
̧ͷ⣬оȻһ˿׷䣺ۣԽŪҶɻ룬Ȼ͸ҵСֶӣãǺǡ
ǰ²æ˵
ˣ²ܹǡ
ӻ˻֣ƤҲգһ£̧ͷʰһ£ɾɣϾеĸҪġ
æǡ
ͻȻʲôּһ䣺ǵñŪҵĵ̺
ǡ
ƤһǺܿص
ڻǱ֮أȴģҪˣҪʬʮӥ£ʲôҪһ𰸣
ǣȥ죡
ת뿪ø¥ȻѾʪ
˫Ȳǽڣֲ֧סһˤͷĸ¥ҧÿ졣
˰ΣһӲҾȭתȥ

بޣգ
һտϣصȻʶ
˭˭ڽ
һ˲侪ѹؽе
ȻܣһƬڰããʲôҲûС
ǵտشĶ
˼Ͷƣ׼ʮȫɱΪ˾ӡˣ
ʮȫɱӡʲô
°ߣɱ
ײТߣɱ
ߣɱ
ħߣɱ
ʦߣɱ
ҵͷʹҪˣҪˡ
ͷʹȻܣǵտصɲ죬һһԺ
ܾС
ߣɱ
ߣɱ
ߣɱ
ɱߣɱ
ߣɱ

һʮɱ֣˷ֹǵտصʧ
һɣͷһᣬٴλȥ

ҹˮεǳ
Уسظ
ԺУһصʧƬʱ䣬ȴ˾ʮܣ顣
ľеγ˯ȥû
ʱһһֹȥҹĻ࣬Զҹ^ĺŽУ·ޡ
ãŻָƽ
ֹЪ


5 ͭӡ
ͣһĨǰס
ҹĻȥ١
ůӺڻ֮£ںĵϣʹڶһ˿ů⡣
ѣ۾
۵ĵһ˲һɴ̹ǵʹ֫ٺ֮ϴ
Ťһ²ӣܵĻ

֪ʹҹʱγɵġ
֮⣬֮ǰܵĽˣָˡ
˲ʱҽΣֳɷˣ
ǣһУûܲϲǿҡ
ĸоһ̣ӡڡ
֮ϰȥһֱţ㲻ҲҪѪҺˡ
뵽ʹ£ѾûаһҧôʹӲԸһ΢׼һ򣬳źȥ
ȥСʱ۵ٴƣߡ
Ұһſںߣָⶼöһ£ʵ۵̫
ҹ죬һҹսǧﱼӣ֮䣬ѳıʵ̫ࡣ
ټ֮ǰļܶͷѿʼա
Ȼֵ֧ڣҲһС漣
ҲҲԸһ·ɣ
ҪĻǸϽһ㶫
ȻһȴҪɲԩ
ȵ̫СʱϺɢڻָһ˿
ٵȴȥΪеļθһ
Ǹ֣֮ǰһֱһƥ־ڼţѾҲֲȥˡ
ԱߵľУһ֦Ȩ̣ǰȥ
һ·ģĿĹˣһɫĶ¡
̧ͷǧ絶ɣܴгȥ
һֻҰ޶һƬ
һǵķ׺䣬˸һ΢ĺ⡣
ʹô˵أһֹϢ
ʱȻǹ˲Щ
һʱеʱڣǰɵһ
ǰһᲱ
ҶӶ⣬֦֮ϣҡεĻҺɫӡ
ЩӣÿһԼӤȭͷС̵ݺᣬģѿ
Ǵʱ˵Щ
˫Ȼһ¹ȣԽ̬˹ȥ
һץһժŵҧȥжܲˡ
һȥҹּɬ޹ζһһճճҺʮţ
ȴܲˣͽû¶ǡ
ˮˣץһݡ
ݸܴϰҲ˲ˡ
˸ãϢΣڲһƬյ
۾ʣĸҰԥȫժ£һ·š
óٴγ¡
ȻֻԵķֱʣȴ뻳УҲԸٳˡ
ζţµҲ֪ʲôΣʱڣܲҵԳԵġ
ʳﲹ䣬һγԹ⣬ҲȴԼģʣ¾ֻʣһ;ˡ
ϥڵأĬĬתԪ
Уһ΢ˮ·ת֫Ѩ
ͷʹȸƣһһֺת
ȸƣȴǱǿáָˣãʼֳһֹĻɫ
ûмƷʵϵҩǿӵĶŽҩֻ¸ˡ
۵һ죬۾΢塣
ȴҧ֣ͷϣĺ顣
һʱ֮ϵҲ˴롣
ȻɼǳȴҪʼѰҳȥ·;ˡ
ţͱҵ뿪ķ
ȻһֱУ岻ɱǰ鿴ҲҪС
뿪Ψһ;
ǣ·أȥ·ںη
ҹʱȻĿģʲôֱ粻壬ԼԼɱֿġɽ֡
֪ǣȻҲ֪⡰ɽǵ۶⣬һյء
Уܲζ˸롣
Ȼһõط
½ϰѧģһСͬĵ壬޳ɲͬĹ
֮ΪԪѨףâһޡȵȣʮؾ硣
ʮؾУһʮ㣬ʮླִСǰ󣬸вͬȼ
ȴ֪Ⱗɽӵлƽף̽޴ڵĵط
֮Уƽף̽ףӦʿеĻԪѨ
ˣⰧɽлԪǿߣҲ롣
ҪﵽѨ硣
ǳڵӣȴһۣδóڴɼҵֻڡ
ˣطһҪ취Ѱҵȥĵ·뿪
Ȼ˭Ҳ˵壬һ̣ⰧɽУʲôվ
ʲô顣

ౡ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻǰȻһһͰϿ֮⡣
ϿУȪ٣齦컨ʵַͥޣУ档
δ룬Ϊ֪ⰧɽеҰޣûмֻ򵥵ġ
ٶǿԿһצ˪ޡ
ÿһֻǿÿɲ
һʯǰȥ
һֻѩ׵Сãıȥ
һֻ񣬶һɣԸ質
ǰһֻڣ¶ѩľ޴ӷ׵ҡҡλɽȡ
һֻɫĶǣëˮ촽Ⱥ죬ƺǱʳ
һͷɫͻͷӡһ޴ġ֣ˣҡͷβ
һֻɫ˫Ŀͭ壬ŭԲǰ
µһֻȴһֻӡǮýľ޴ӡ
ſ⴦ʯ棬һ޴Ĺ±Ŀ
ȻһͷԺֱðƶֱ̾
ڴʱԺ֮УǸտϣصٴԺг֡
بޣգ
˼ƻ񣬽׼򣬳Ͷơ
°ߣɱײТߣɱߣɱħߣɱߣɱߣɱߣɱ
ɱɱɱɱɱ
һʮɱ֣صԺ
һʱ䣬𶯣ӲڲԣԺֻʮ֣ع·
ˣʱʹرͷһƬհףʲô֪Ҳûˡ
ȥ˰յʱ֣ǵصٴȥ
ԺУԭ׵绷ƵϽӡȴٴθ֡
һΣһθۣʵӳҡ
Ͻӡâţֳںɫ⻪һڵĴţʷԺ͸¶عϢ
ڰԺǲʹ
¶ȻŹֵʲôѵҹΣǼٵģȻ棿
ӡʲô
Ϊʲôһ£飬һеԭ򣬾ΪʲôΪʲôһҲ֪飿
ȥһȫ䣬ϥ£˼
˲⣬ʳѰ˭ԺĪһЩص˭Ҳܲˡ
δ֪ģµġ


6 ŷ
ȻԺ֮һ
ҹǼٵģôҹмϹ׹أԼԺҲǼٵˣ
뵽˴˫ۣϥ£صһ
鲴ƮƮ翣ʶʶ
Ȼ֮䣬һٴ˳ɫ԰ף۾֮Уֻʣ
ȻģԺУȻķӡһֻ޴Ͻͭӡأʶ룬·Ҫҵʶ
Ȼ֪ʲôȴʵڡ
һʱ뵽ԴۣȴôҲ벻𰸡
ˣ棬ֻҪϽͭӡвҵͺã⵽Ǹʲô
޶񣬾ţкҪճȻˡ
˼ˣȻ۾һ¶ģԪһʶٴγʶС
껯һţȺɫǰ
һˣһѹ
ȺɫǰȻԼޱС·Ծ
һ׳ϣ죬ԶޱߵϢֱ͸ġ
ԥ˲䣬ǸصĹٴ
һΣֱ͸꣺
ã˰ּɣ񣬳Ϊִ֮ˡ
ӡһ㿪췣֮ѡǷ룿һţ棬֮ǰ޷
ԣ̧ͷȥ֮ϣֳвһ塣
⣬з
ԥһ˲֪ΪΣȴ뵽ҹһ뵽˶ϴʱӦѾ֪Լ־顣
һ˲䣬ʹ˾ְǰߵȺɫš
ѡ룡
֨
ѡϣɫ˲ʧ¶һϽâ˸Ĵ
棬һתİ
漴Ǹعϵٴ𣺡ӡһ㿪췣֮ÿٵƹɿ췣֮ʹһΣ
ƹ췣֮
ͻƻԪӡڶӡ۸ƹٽֱǰ
췣֮ʲô
ɻ䣬ϽͨǰĺɫУǰʱһ
ֻڵĹŵ֮ϣһĹţתسظ
һǾŸ͸š
ÿУԷӡһö塣
һţӡһεɫˮ顣
öˮ飬ۣϸȥȴһֲӿ콵Ŀ¸о
߽һ֮ϣʱӿֳּ
񷣣ˮ֮
ֳȥȴžһ䵯ɢݳһ˿˿ֵĵ𻨣ȫһ飬罩
ƹ㣬޷һƹп
סãŷӦܾǸղǸعϵ˵췣֮ƹſɶһʹһΡ
ֻƹʲô
ϸ룬ߵڶöǰ
öУӡģһɫ׵磬˸ȻСĴָϸȴܴиܵһԶźİĿϢ·һ֮£ɽܱѡ
֮ϣٴθһּ
񷣣
һûֹȥ֪Ҳûã򲻿Ϊ֪ƹΪӲӵˡ
ǰȥ
öţӡһƬ𺣣ӿȴһŰҵĸо
öţӡһɫķУ絶δ͸һַ񵽿ԸŵĴ
öţöţöţڰöš
һֱھöš
Ҳһö
öУӡһöָ׸ǰСĻɫСɽ
ȻԱʾּȴǡ񷣣ɽ򣡡
룬Ѳɣ֮ȻһɽԽѹ
Ҳδ̫˼˰ɣΪʲôֻоŵ
ö򶼲ݲݿ˲䣬ŵ֮ϣһֲϸ֣ҸˣͬһǰϿա
ţ
У·֮䣬һɿµΰϢ
̧ȥʮֱ֣ǣǬأסҼз
֮иĽð˳ֱǣŷԪ֮ԣڳܣĪΥΥ̣
ǰȥ
ͻȻ䣬һɫᣬƾշһУϸȥ
˰ΣͻȻ̾һ۾֮Уâš
ӡǼʲô
ƹ֮Ǹʲô˼
ӡһԶĲ֪ΪΣԽ޾ռ䣬Īʶ
ӡƹƶз
֮ǰڵ֮ϿǾŵţÿţǷӡһ췣֮
ν췣ָзˮ׵磬ɽӣһֵ֮ܳĶԿз
Ϲ֮һŵǧزơ
𣬵ɥٲηԣʱֻΪ˴ĳĿꡣ
ǷǱ׼겻ɣֻиԼһ˳ӡ
̷ɴ˶
ֻҪ㵱ӵ˾ӡĴ߷ԣأӡͻ򿪣ƹһ£췣ִС
췣֮ǧ׺䶥ҵˮ֣ɽѣȵȣһһ㡣
νƹɾӡ񣬻߻ɱӵжУΣޡܻ࣬ȡһֹѫ
ֹѫԷһ췣֮ô߸õִ
ɾӡп׷ţҿ֮ա
ڻõֻǾӡһص˻õ췣ʽҲȽϵֻоŵ
պȻи췣ʽԼǿ췣֮עУѡ
Щ̫ңԶûжע⡣
ŵ֮ϵľŸţ˼
Ҫ뿪£Լ˳𣬽ҿ徸ϺʵĿª£ѣͱӡԼ췣֮ˣ
һһƹǱ֮٣̲ݻ
һҪóٵƹһһ̷֮
ֻǣܸĻƹأ
ˡ
Ȼ֮䣬۾һ
뵽֮ǰɽУЩϡ
ЩޣÿһͷӵвĹԣһɱֻ¾ܻòٵƹ
ƹȴǶһӡ֮췣֮Ψһؽ
Ŀ˲˾
ֻʶһѾعʵ³Ǵɽ֮ǿʯԡ
׵֮ɽУԣֻʱ䡣
ɽУڶ࣬һƹȡ㡣
ֻǣڵʵܹɹô
˼ת˼


7 
ȴ֪ͬһʱ䣬ڻ£һʮˣСӣϡ
Щˣһףְۣ۾Ĵܣǰ
ÿˣԱɽͷֿϲ𣬻ɱѪڡ
оиڴˣϳЩ֮һ£ս׵ӥ
ʮ֮ǰһˣ˫ֿտգ˶һϮУ·һŰӰںߡ
˲Ǳˣҹ׷ɱӰɱɱ֮һʹָĿӣǿʹ
ѣǰѸ׳죬ҲһҪǵСӵʬ壬Ȼһȥû
һӥСʬ屻˵Ұû˺ףô죿
ӡǿʹһЦбһۣصǱ㽫ͷ̳ʬҰ޻ɱ˴ȥºι㣬ѡһ
ʮӥǲһ䣬ٲҶԣĬĿʼɢźȥ
ȴûжֶ۾ã֪Щʲô

Ͱɽ⣬Ŀӣм˼Բߡ
ҵʵ˵£ȫʢ֮ʱҲǹЩ޵Ķ֡
οǣһȫֻҪһֻޱӿ
ʱ˵ȡƹֻ·ұǷʬ³
£ֻȡˣ
ϥ£ԻͳڵأԼܶõһ
ʮ㣬һУ壬Ĳ㻯С죬죬߲ţ˲أŲڸУʮ⻯
ڣֻﵽСĵز컹вСľ롣
ԣΪֻΪ֮ãֻһֻͨ޶ɱ
֮
Ŀ۾ȻǰƷеһ̾ƿ֮ϡ
˱̾ƿ⻪תෲеϾ⻪ϼ
ŵһŲ
ǣ̣
ֻƬ̣Ϊ
̡̣
ΪмΪͨһֵͽ֮һΪĨ㾨ĺϣһƣӵ㣬Իꡣ
˵̶ޣӵмѵջЧһͷһ㣬Բ֮ڵҰޣþ˯׸
ƿԺһʱڵԺִԭƿ
ǴȥһС룬ʣһִ࣬ҲûϽҲϡ
˴ͻȻ̲ס۾һ˲˰취
̣Խǵͽ׵ޣЧԽǿ
ϴִɻϣǿǻƽƷޣ൱еĻԪʿ
ǰЩȴ಻ҽףҪ˵ƽףҲͷⱪǿƵϰ벽ƽס
˱֣ƹֿɵã˴õţҲ˷ѡ
뵽ˣ˲ԥ֮öƿõУʼѰҶĴæ
Ƭʱֺһ׼ö͸ϪˮҶ裬ٴɽڡ
Ŀ΢ĴһٴǴԽⱪľ޴ʯ֮
ȻοƿСƿ׼ڡ
УһصԪϢ³
ۣ
һ죬ƿУŲɫ˲ͬ˵ݡ
Щ˲ӿƿڣŶɽ֮Ʈȥ
ͨͨ
ȷ磬ӿƿڵȵþȡ
ȻϢŵɫҰޣ۾죬
Ƭ̣ɽУ㵽ǴصĴϢͷڴķƺʹľ͵سײһô
ֻɫǣ۾ͨ죬һֻտʳҰݵɽ
ͻţⱪҲ۾֫ǰ죬ѪɫĿĴѰ
ɽȣͬͬһʱڹ
Ȼֻ̣ⷬƬ̣Ұޣ·þ̱Ŀ¶ã
ȻǵôҲ벻ףղŵͻȻ񣬺һ̵Ϊʲôԭ
ˣ
ˣĿһԥһƮѾֱԾС
֪úʧһЩСޣʱѾ˯ǼͷǿޣȴԾɱһ˿ѡ
սپ
Ҳȷǵʲôʱָкһ˫ѾѸ̧
УһɫĻ֣ȳͷǿ޽ⱪͷݺȥ
ۣ
һ죬ѪͷⱪܸоΣգ֧˻һ۾׹¶
ȻʱҡҡλΣʱˤվ޷۾ֻ¶ʮԻİĿ⡣
Ȼһ֮󣬼δһڶ֮ĳ
֪ϽֻҪͷⱪ΢ָһʵԼ˺ѵ³
ͬһص㣬Ⱥƣͷ벽ƽ׵ǿ޽ⱪҡ£Ҳֲסžһڵء
ͷ֮ϣһɲѪѪ
¶޵Ŀ⣬̶ֱѸȥ
ڣͷһᣬ
ͬʱһɳԺУ˲˼壺ɱ׼ƽ޽ⱪһֻƹʮ㡣
׼ƽҲʮ㣿
΢΢һ㶣ȻʱЧޣʱҲǼƽЩʱ
˲ܿ죬ʣǼͷҲ׷¡
ЩȻǿǷ£ʮҲǵĶ֡
ʱ޷֮£ȴԩס

һԺ𣬰ЩϸϢǿĲͬЩϻõƹҲԲһ
ͷɫʮ㣬Ƶͻʮ㣬ɫǶʮĵ㣬Ұֻʮ㡣
Ҫٻȡƹ治һ׵顣
ޣֻ⼸ͷ
ץʱ䣬̻δɢ֮ǰֻɱʮͷͽޣһʮƹ
ټǰ漸ͷһʮ㣬ܹʹﵽٶʮ㡣
һʱ㳬һһ췣֮ٵƹˡ
Ǹˣ
ĿЩ񽥽ѣҩЧϷӹȻ֪Ը⣬ѹ֮ǰٻɱʮͷȴѾԸɱˡ
еĳޣҲܽƿȵط
ĿЩϧЩ˯֮ӹǿѹͷһƮ⡣
ߣ
Ƭʱֺ»صǴȫĴʯ֮⣬ϥĿϢ
뿪յʱֺеڷ׷תһصʬ壬ʱ
޶ŭˣ׷׳ضףɽУɽҡɼһµѪɫϢ
ãϽ뿪Щ޶ˣ
֪ΪԼԭ򣬸ղôƬʱ䣬ϢѾָ룬ԥƹɽȣֱС
֪ʱ֮·һƬڣ뿪ҪѰ·ֻС
Ȼƹ룬ǸҪ˼֮ˡ


8 ƽ׾Ʒ
һ·ֱУͷ
һ·֮ϣ֦Ĳݣʯᾣ֮ϲʱѻޣǰżл·
֪ЩΪӵо綾롣
Ƭʱ֮һƬǰ档
ռĹ㣬﷽Բ֮·
֮У鲼֦ܲݺ¡
Ҷʬ壬Ĵʱðһ๾ࡱ졣
Ĵɢһɶζ֮Ż
Ŀ¶ɫô죬Ҫͨ
Ȼ֮䣬Ŀһأƺһѹʵ·طͬ
ô·
һɣȻʱǰ·Ҳûбİ취룬ֻСߵ·֮ǰϸϸ
ǰС⻬쳣ʵ䣬ʮأȻͬţʮСȴһͨеĵ·
ţֻһԣ
˼Ǽȶȡһöȣأ̽С
Ȼʮף˴Ϊʵأݳ飬ϲǰȥ
ȻƺʲôΣգ˹أһٶʮģ˿аִ⡣
һ·֮ϣߵüҾ̤δʵĵط
Ȼ۽⣬ģ¶һֻѪڣݺݳҧ硣
ѪڣӵһªĹͷ״ɫҺ䣬ǿɲ
һȻһ⣬ֱӹ޿С
ų˻˲䣬ǱȥҲ˲ýµĵ·Ƿƽʵˡ
Ƭ֮ٴֳª޵ӰɣЫЫ֪ʲô֡
ת̶е࣬ԼȫͿһ飬״ƷˣڸסԼ˵Ϣ
Ÿ±СǰУһ·Ȼ¡
ڣǰһ޴ĺӹˮ齦񣬻Ĵĺʯϣ졭
һϲкˮǾͱ⴦쵽ͷˡ
ԽˣԽҪСġ
ͷּʲô飬ӱȱȽǡ
;ֳªδ֣һϲֱԽձڣƬĻŵĿֲʱɫȴһ䡣
ߣһʮֵ졣
˿˿˿˿˿˿˿
ƴţ˿Ǵڽǣ̧ͷǰȥֻһۣɫ㡰ৡһѩֽ
ֻԶͷʯѼ俿±ڴһ޴İ
ڣʱһֻϽƤͨ巺ƣ״ֵĴߡ
˴߳Լ˳ߣ˫צϸͷɫģͷ֮ϣ΢͹ͻͬδǵ
ƽ׾Ʒޣߣ
УһƬǾ
˵УһּµԾ綾ɱ껯ԣǧ껯һǧΪǧΪӦ
ȻдǰֲҲԲС
ޣַΪһŵȣΪףҲͨࡣ
һǻҽף֮ͬǰɱǣӵһĹԣԼս
ҽ֮ϣǻƽס
˵ҽδѾޱʣֻ൱ڡ
ƽףѾ֮Ŀֲޣ¾׳ӵ
˵Ļ˵Ѿɾ
ƽףԼ൱еĻԪǿߡ
ƽƷڵԺִ¶Ҫ̲Ʒƽ׾ƷǴﵽ˰벽ѨΪ
벽ѨУҲֻԺϲܴﵽ
һֲ̾ڴˣ˵ĵ̣㲻ǣҲͨˡ
·ֻܻͨصϿе
ǰ޳·˾гһܹĳ̶ȣߵȻȻ뿪
ǣ󣬾丸ϾΪӣ׷
ֻǣҪ˵죬ڴʮ꣬˵Ҳ벽Ѩ˵ƴĳˡ
䣬ͬȽ̣ǲһЦ
˵УǿԻǧġ
ֻڴ˵ȴȥʳʱͨˡ
ڣҲףΪʲôվ·˽ʵ⻬ʮխұˡ
ԭͷƽʱȥʳ棬ѹĵ·
ԼڣȻǲƽʱеĵ·ϣ
һ뼰ˣоͲ޶һԼڶУھڻ·ϡ
뵽ˣͷ亹Ѿͬƶ乶¡
ããûøȥʳʱ򣬲ȻԼڡǲǾʣһѿݹǣ
ǲ֪һγУʲôʱ
˵˾࣬һ̫ҵʱȥʯɹƤҲһʱȥȡ֪Ǽ٣
ĳȥţŪһ㶯ͷ߷֡
ֱȵ뿪ôһΰȫ󣬷˸ط
ȴ
֪һΣգԺ
ɳʮӥڿӡǿʹĴ£̽ĴӺ׺ˡ

ģ⵽ʲôط
ʱ뺷ϢӴӥԵ̽·ǰ
Ѿܵеطȴδʬ壬ΪѾȥȴں߷һΪˮ
СӶȻǵУˮȥ׹֮ƣȻδ˵Ǻ踣졣
ҲΪֹˣүӢŹκһ˿ܣߣ׷ȥҾͲţӵȥ
һʮˣڿӡǿʹĴ£߹Ĺ켣һ·棬Ǵ޴Ͽȣ׷Ƭ֮ǰ
ǰƣƵðжӹһ˿⡣
СӸòι˰ɣð̽·ĴǻҸĻҪˣҪʬ
ףǱ·߹ĺۼ׷
׷
·֣ôôխ⻬߳ġ
ô࣬׷С˵Сӳ˳ڣ߽˸ΣյĵشҲΣˡ
á
һ·СǰУȻʮͬһ·ϣȻôСģܱܵùΣյĽ٣
֪ʱ̶֮ףѾֳһ߾߳ªѪͷ۾ͨ죬Ϸζ
һ󣬺Σգ־ɣʱŵľҲиôһ˲
ڴʱ
ݣ
Ȼ֮䣬̶֮УȻ̽һֻ޴ĻҺªͷ磬ſѪڣֱӽһǰ̽·İӥһˮС
ͨˮĽ޾ʧ̶ײ
๾࣡
̶ֻһİУ漴ϢһѪ̶ϣ뵿Ⱦ÷

ȻĲұ䣬ӥǴֲͬ鱻̶УȴԮͷԲðһɴ̹ǵĺ
Сģ̶оȻѪɵĴڣ
ӡǿʹһӦμˣ־һָ
Ȼƣ̶ָף࣡һ죬ȴǺ޻֮УʹʧӰ١
һ˲䣬滹͸һɲҶԵϢ


9 Ҷ
˲䱧£ΧԲΣд
ˣֱȡ˱̥Ŀ⾼ض̶£ֻҪһ䣬ʮ֦
Ȼ˰Σ̶ȴκδƺղһĻֻǻþ
ӡǿʹɫ࣬ͷչ⣬һֵô࣬ǰУԽƬ̶Ȼģǲ
н䱸ѵʯڣ̶ߣ߱߾䣡
ǡ
ӥǴӦһֻƲֱӣɳ󣬻ǰȥ
Ŀȴһ˲˲̶档
ȥСʱδκͷδ˿ɡ
֪ԽԽΣգЩѪŵ̵һʱ̵һ
ȻٹƬ̣ǰȻˮ죬ɫһϲͬʱ۾ˡ
ͣ
ڴʱͷѪɷݶѪӰ̶ˡ
Ȼڴʱֻǡǿʹһߣ˫ʮɫָһ˲ͬʱ
ͬʱʮӥҲͬʱеĴ󵶻еĹ
͡
һʮתŴһɼµ˲ͷѪɵʺѪɽ
ͨͨ
׹̶ͬʱֻԼɣҰߵĹŹʬ壬̶ߣ֮ϣ鲼Ҷʺ֮£Ǹ֦Ĳ
ŵѪһȺѪҲͲסӿϽǼͷѪɵʬʳ̶ߣӵĿǿʹһʮˡ
ż
ǿʹһӣʱӥٴ乭͡һ졣
һ̶̣֮ϣʮͷѪɱɱأʣѪŲԣҧסһͷͬʬ壬˲Ǳ̶
̶ϣٴλָƽȻƯʬ壬ԼһƬİ죬ȴʾŸղһսĲңãʵ
ߣ
һߣǿʹĿ¶֮âһȺҽޣȻҲ͵ϮҵȡղŲͻϮ֮һ˾䣬ҲһȺ϶ѣ
Ҫٵʱ䣬ݼУٲ¶ˣ
ǡ
ʮһڿӵĴ£ǰȥѾоڴԶˡ

ţʲô
ھǾһξұںĴȴȻȻһҼ죬Ұʱеİ
ʱҲסˣǱ±ڽ䣬ȥ
ֻһۣͷͲɶȻһ̶־ŭ
ҹֵǿӡǿʹԼʮһװѪӴӥɱ̶еѪɣ̶иʬأѪ죡
ԼѾºڻˣǲϷŹԼ𣬺úݣúݣ
ô죬ǰȥ·׷ѵֻ
Դһʱ伱ת˼Բߣ֪ӲƴԼͷ߻ʮ˵Ķ֡
ǡǿʹǻԪкڵʵǸеʮӥҲ֪ÿٶǰ벽Ԫ߻Ԫǰڵʵ
ӥ죬ǸǻԪڵʵ
Ķ֣Լսʤ
Ҫȡǰ·׷ԱҲ׶ɵӶ̶㵽ȥأȥһĸ죡
ţ
Ȼ֮䣬̧ͷһ˲˶Բߡ
ֻϥԳֽŲãɵĳһ鰼ݵұȥŪһ
ͬʱ֮УԪϢ̮һ㣬γһöӨ͸İɫСӣԼ
ԪϢ۵Ӷѧϰһָ
˹ûƷףҲûκηȴԪȥϢʱڽԼϵԪϢȫȥ
ΪԺƽʱִ񣬻߽һЩɱ޲ϣΣʱʮҪһط
Ǵݱڿ֮һĳʯ֮Ķ£аһöĴָɫʯӡ
ŲԽԽӵѾɱѪϣʼԼ֮±
֪ʱҴ۾һİ۵öɫСʯӣϢسǰڽǴߵĶڴᵯȥ
͡
һ죬ʯӱڵϵţ
ͷȴ
ʲô
󷽣һӥɻ죬Ȼʯء
ұһʯͷ绯ɣС֣ϽǰУͨطһҲˡ
Ҳǡ
ǰӥԳȻҲû̫ϣϾұڷ绯зһһʵ顣
һǰߣܿ͵Ǵͻ½֮¡
ʹԪϢȥԼȫԪϢֻҪ̧ͷܷ֡
ʱû뵽һ磬ԶǰУܿת˱ڽǣǴ߶Զ
ףʲôͨѩףоҶƴ˵еһƷеҩѩ
ţ
ӡǿʹͻȻӥȥ漴Ҳ߶ֲݡ
˶ͨѩɢŵİ׹⡣
Ŀɻһ˲ţǿʹȻĿһƬͨ졣
ʲôѩ޼ʶǶƷеҩҶ
пţ벻˿£µ׷
뵽⣬ĿѸʮӥתһȦת˼Բߡ
ҶпֻѨ۷ſֵܵǡ
书Чϴӵиʣӵٶȵ湦Ч
һҶҷ£ܣٿҵԪһء
ͬʱ£пͻƻԪ۷壬̤벽Ѩ
벽Ѩ
У˲ӹһĨ壬Ŀ޵ɨЩӥһۡ
˴Ҷֻ꣬˵ô࣬˹һ꣬Ҳá
벽Ѩ֮Уһ֣۶ǡ
У󲿷ˣֻΪ
ߵȹͳ죬ӵлԪ
벽ѨǾһУʽóΪ߹ô
ҶһҪ£ֻҪ£Żǲܡ
ֻǣЩӥֱϵֻܺүһּ⣬ҺƾһˣҪȫɱǣȴֲΪҲвСѶȡ
۾˸Ѿɱģȴû
ֻȡ
ȻһʧܣЩӳȥһԼֽ벽ѨʧܣȴԼľŭȫʬ
ô죿
ڴһ˲䣬ͻ
ֻһζڴ̽һ˶ͷ
ͷ˫ĿԲһ˫͸Ѫ׹⣬ǰһȺͻȻ֣ϴ䶴ѨڴҶ࣬۾͸ȵķŭ
˻
Ȼһž޴߿ڣ׳Ӷʱһޱ˦һŵζ˱Ƕ
һֲӥֱӱͻУꡱһҧأ
ͨһѪ̱ǣضϵʬ
зһɥǵĲҽУˮδȫ
ã
ӡǿʹȷӦɫ䣬ˣһǿָʹ˳ȥ
̵ָڰշ࣡һ죬ȻǾ޴ͷ֮ϣȴƤðһ󵭵̣˿
ǻƽ׾Ʒ޾ߣߣ
Ҿ˵ݣػѹ죬ҸϽˣ
һ˲ȫˣײײĳӡ


10 ȸ
ȻĽŲܿù⻷Ϥޱȵࡣ
ֻ͡һ죬һӵӥٴαߵС
Ըԡ죬ôٴα³ѳһ⣬Ŀģ硣
Ķ˽ŭˣһĿѡ
Ӳˣ
Ϊݾ֮ˣ͵סŲع˫ְڳʽȵΣǰм󵶹ù֮죡
·խһζֻø죬һҲȫûᣡ
ƴˣ
ĲҽһӥͳҲȻӦһӣͽг˦վǰ
ϢͬӴӰͬߣһǰΣյķ
ģ壬ʺ㹥۾ˣ׼λãкߣɱ⣡
ǣ
ӥ۾ͬȺɥѽǷŭޱȡ
һȥƽʱѵصĽʾ˳Щӥɶеİսʱ岻ˣһǿķΡ

󣬴׷ϣ۾¶ϷʵĿ⣬ſһ£һڵ̵Ϣ
һӥֵϣʱӻ˻ΣͨһԵĶ
͡ˮð˰Σԭؾֳֻһ߿ݹǡ
Ȼ༸ˣȴѷӦ˹׼óһѩ׵ٷ¡
ſڵ˲䣬ˣйͬһʱȫų
͡
һ˲ż֦˸ű亮ļأΣһ˲߿УתŴڡ
߿Уʱһɲ죡
˻
߶ʱŭٵŤ֮еʹǰЩѺ޵òݡ
ֻ޴β·һģֵͨͨӥܲ׷ԱߵĶ̶С
͡ðԭٴθ߰׹ǡ
ֵǣˣɱȫ
ͷӥͳ죬дһʱȼһںɫ棬ܵһʱ䶼Щ΢΢Ť
һ˿ɫһȹϡ
ǡ
ˣҲͬŭԽõ𣬵֮ͬʱܲһĺں档
ȻɫǳȴͬһֹϢ
ڰһĻΣǰк󣬵˲ӣγһճң
ͣ
һն£ϣڲټһѺۣѪ졣
˵ĴڣһƬڣ˿˿Ƶİ̲ðȻˡ
˻
߷һʹ˻ͷ­߸߰𣬶£شѾ״ŭ
С࣬Ƕ
Ȼڴʱǿӡǿʹ׼ʱһԾ˾ڿзҡֱϣͬһֻڿա
תת۾͵˴ͷϿա
ֻһɫһ֮һö׼͸İ׹һηУһֱֱ¡
Ʒн׸طأƷ½׹似У
ͣ
·иƤжʱ˴̶ļ˻
һҵĵţߴʹͷ­ѸٻеĿӡ
ȻһţѸƮԶ
£ǽӥٴΰջᣬϵΪһѳͬʱ𣬻һ޷âֱֱն߾£
߶ʱ׷ŭˣԺŭһͷƽ׾ƷޣȻԪȳ̶ȡ
˻
Ȼһ߿ڣһɾҵĶ˼ȻʼڰмСգۼ䣬Ϊ۴ϸ
ֻһٶȱҹһӣѲӰ
һ̣ۡһӪУһӥʺһʹüӦһ̣ѾסӣԺˣ浹¡
һѪˮ֮쭳ðһ󵭵̡
ã
ʣӥͬʱУҪˣѳˡ
Ӱͬһһ㣬ֻǶݵ˼ƣӥֵ죬ͶѾجˣһסʺԵ¡
ɫ䣬ٴһֻͣڰ֮У
벻߾Ȼ˰˿Ѩ֮б仯СǿٶȣѲˣ
ҹһſڣҪڰ֮ϵĿҧ
ڴʱϻҹٴһðӼգۼ䣬ȻٴλָԭӴӷ׵״

۾һ»ʡ
ԭҲֻּܼϢ˶ñҪԭ͡ٺ٣벽ѨķţǰյģһҲȫʤ㣡
ҡ
뵽ˣЦĳʮӥʬϿȥ־𣬵Լ˲С鷳ֻҪٻɱͷߣҶҵˡ
뵽ˣ˷ڰлһĲӰڰսһ
һʱ䣬һһߣҽս
޴βĿգ±ϴ¡֮죬޴ɽʯ¹䣬ӱѹ·ȴԻš
۾תƺʲôȴֲƺǾʱδ
գѹУһһߣϾǳѪۣϢ˥
֮ϣߴ˺ۣŤתƶ䣬ƣ̬
ҲùһԪʮȥˣ϶һɲѪڣѪ
ȴʱˣ֮ϵƣۣҲһʤһ
ȻȴսˣⷴԽԽҲ˷ܣƺҪȵʱѾ
ڴʱȻһſڣҧ۾һЦʣȴѰᡣ
ֻμˣָ䣬ȴȻöͨԲ
öԲ֮ϣԳֳһɵ֮һĻζ
ӣ
ۡ
öѵԲ򣬱һ㻯һӰ뵽Ǵ߾ŵ͡
飡
һ̣¡һ죬أȻɲΡ
߿УҵİϲѪɽ
ӣ٣ɾ޴𾢣˵ɶʮɣֹסɫ԰ףȻȴϲɫ
ɹˣڳɹˣӣȻ鴫ʹƽ׾ƷľߣһҽУ⣡
ûйȥ˰ΣԶͷƺڽӲʹضһ£б㿪ʼϵѪĭۼǲˡ
¶ϲɫ˹ȥڳɹˣҵˣҶˡ
벽Ѩˣ
ڴʱּһֻϢƣȻӡıġ
ƽʱôС
ڣһΪʱһԪʮȥš
ټ֮ǰֱӵıըನɨУ³ѪÿҶѾߡ
˷ܼ֮£һĽСȫ׵˾⣬йٽͣϵĪ֮䡭
ۡһ죬֪ԼǲˣȻǼѵתͷ뿴󵽵˭
Ȼ۾ͻȻ˳죬ָָ򱳺ǸӰǲʣԹš
㡭㡭
һ仰δ˵꣬͡顱һأĿѪȾȫ
һӰֳһۣȳڣ֮ǰѾͱ֮ϵ


11 
ԭһһߴս֮ʱĻΪʱ߷ŭ˦ββ֮أѾòȫ
֮£ֻתƲص㡣
һһ߶ȫעģټϡԪϢĹЧɹǱһߣ
ʱսѶһˣ޾裬ڲԥϣһƣ춨ʤ֣
ߵǰؿһۣԥһ
Ƭ̺һֵСƱԼһƱԳС
󣬳֮⣬ڿ
һöڣһӰεƣ˱ΪӰɱɱ֡ơ
ɫһС̵ͬƿһɢŵıᡣ
ֱȥ뻳У̵ƿ֮һ£һ򿪣һҩ¡
ҩһǣʱһصӿԵ︹ֱ·󵽴Ȳ˴ת
ԭָܿγɵİѪ⣬ʱ죬ʼһ֮Уʼ衣
ٹһչ򣬱Ȭ
ƿ֮ϣɫС֡
ĽԪ
ҳĴ˵ƿרΪˡָ֮ˡ
֮ǰںڻ¶ɱУܹһָȲشʱȻѰѰܲҵ֮ҩ
ϾȻĴУȻ˿ԥ
ڵĬĬתԪϢ֮ٴվĿȴ䵽ͷȥľߣԼ߶֮ڣöѩ״С֮ϡ
Ҷ˵ؾݣѹͷ߻ػ⣬֮ǰûпӦǱסˣȴͷȻңƾҵʵʵпܵõ
һУ⣡
д˶֮ڣұضԴﵽһ֮ڣпͻʮʼԪڡ
Ҳãô˵ˣڴ˷СҶɹͻ㣬ȥɽһ
Ŀ΢߹ȥժҶ͵ϥ߶ڣĿϢ
Ƭ֮۾ժһϵһС꣬Լ֮һСһſڣ븹С

ҶһڣһӴŵľֱĸֱܵ֫ٺ
ʼʱֻȫһ䣬һɱµĺľĴҴܡ
ҲҵԪһصЩԪ֫ٺһЩûдͨľ
Ƭ̺һһƽʱҡ˷ֺѹأҶǿÿɲԪ£ҡҡ׹·һ
ȫ£ʱһ㵭ĳζ֮УԪȴͬˮһ㣬ޱȡ
ƽʱʮּɬĸоȫʧһƽйǧȻֲͬ
ĬĬ˼
ʮ㣬һУָԽܣҿʼӦԪĴڡ
ѾԿʼǣԪĶ򣬾ɢ
壬ѾԵԪ֮ڣת
Ĳ㻯ԽڵԪɿɹյľ
ֱ㣬Ŀʼ
㣬ΪС죬Ϊ˾磬ԿʼĽˣ
һ׶Σǽ嵤֮еľһĹ켣תȥӣγ
׶ΣγɵԪʮСΪ˽׶ΣֻͨΡɣʮ΢еķΧҲȽС
磬ֱΪ졣
㣬죬ȫͬ
죬ҪͨΡͬʱҪͨڵʮȫ澭ѶҪʮֹ
ԣһϪˮһ
һһͨ
׽磬㣬ֻͨ㣬С֡
ǰҲԹĴ죬Ȼ澭ʮྭȴ·һ¶´ɽǰŬҲԺֺ
Ȼʱ˿̣ЩƽʱɽֹѹأʱȴǱôޱȡ
̶ֻһʱ
ԭѴͨΡ֮⣬ͷĳȫͨء
һܣڼвжĴѨȫ򿪣Ϫϡ
άά
ʣֹȥһʱ֮ȫݡ
ڵԪʱ·ҵйڣһȦһȦβš
ֻо彥ᣬഫһֵĸоƴۡ
Ƭ̺󣬵۾һ
ֻԼĵطһΣȫٲ⣬£һо౻һ
һվȻȴҲûǰƮƮ·һƬҶƺֻҪһʹڿվ죬ֱӷ
ǣ
һ˰ΣӦȴֲϲ
˵Σὡν֮⣬άά֮ܡͨ⼸ὡ۴Ŀйӵֳ˲˼ͺô
⻹ֻǰ澭ٴͨʮǡ
뵽ˣ۾Ѹ

£䣬һĳУʱǹرĿ졣
תۣ
һ졣
ھߵ߶ڣһ޴ɫʯ֮ϣ泯գɡ
ССͣʮġ꣬Ȼһȴƾնһ˿Ԩsţͣȡ
ÿһκϢɣѭһ죬һ߳³룬̻ظС
ÿһѭеľ׳һ֣ԽԽ
ӣҲԽԽ죬Ϸ·ӳųֳһֵĹԣ·ԽԽӽ˺һ
ͻȻ۾֮ϣһɰ絽ɲƣȻͬҶӿΡ
µľ޴ʯķѣΪ촷ۡ
ͷ򶫷գ˫жȻһ߳ĺâ⣬ȻΪ롣
һڣһס
󣬹âȥЩâƺĵ֮Уʧ
һХһתѾٷɳŴϿ֮ɱȥ
󣬿Լӥʬ壬ͬʱ䣬ˤĶ̶УΪݹǡ
ʱȥ˽ⳡԹˣ
㣬ɣ


12 Ӧɽ
ɽӦɽ
﷽һɽɽ͵崣̾ᣬƷ죬Ρ룬ǧ
Ե˳֮Ϊɽ
д˵˴䣬ʣһһ䣬ӦԴ˵ΪӦɽ
ش˵֮أȻڲͬ³֮⣬Ϊ೤ӽ֮ء
ˣ죬ۻʽ꣬ȴѡɽ
գ翣ڣཱུ١
ɽɽգһµˡ
׻Ʈ裬ֽǮƮɣѩ׵ĽᦣһɥϢưһλȥˣ
վɽңµˮ˵ƽ˸٣ֻᡣ
壬塭
ʿͭ壬ڿտؼƮúԶˮһĳ࣬ɽ£һ̵Ķд
һŴ˽ϵĴϷ嶥
ˣˣһɫĴ죬һ޴Ѫɫ֣ˣȻۻ軨Ҳܲʶ֡
ѾԶȥˣ˻վԭأֱѾɽŲһ̾Ϣ
Ȼ֮һѪսպգ£ӤҲ֮ɫ䣬ҹޡ
ȴ˭Ҳ㲻ǰٻپҲһyƷ㡣˭ӹ˽٣ͬأ

ｭ壬ｭｭǻ壬紵ֽƮ裬ײݺɣ鲼㡣
ɽϣһڽ֮أ˵Ψ߲ڴ˵ؿأΧ飬Ǻ֮ĹѨ
һ۵ߣΡΡһֻɫͭ裬ֽǮ
ͭǰΪãҲ֮һͬᡣ
ֽ𣬻ڿգ翶ϣƺҲڰȥ顣
ƽƳɵľľǰһӦ֮ʺ֮ܣϺϣһϮТߵǰ̯һŻƽᣬʫ
ˮҸ黡ʱͷޱǧֽɻңĲ˵
غңʹʧ֣棬꺮봹Ŀμˮϧܴͽˡ
֣һ·ߺá
˴Ȼ£ݺᣬ״˼ʮߵףֱߵöͷ֮ϣݻһƬѪ߰ߣĿ
һĻУʱһƬ̡
ϺҲ
ǰֵ֮飬£һӣһֵͺ£Ҳֵˣ
ţ˫֣£һȻ鴫
һƬУһɫġϺϣҺ󱲣ǿȡȺĻ֮
һΣϢ
󣬱ǳȺӶӵˣʼϾĹľ֮ȼ㣬̵ʡ
вһЩҵļλȨصԼиԹ̵ܡ
˵Уٷ֮ʮϵĸ߹٣Թ󣬺˼ң
ǲͱȥΪ˵¸µף
ϾӣǲûжĹϵȴǲĴ¡
Ȼݴ

紵缱⣬Ӱӳ졣
ɽ£ˮϣһһТһںףľѹ΢΢ͷˣһһ̤ɽϡ
һöҶƮ䣬棬ֺطԶ
ˮһƬ̣ƺ֪˭֪ģ˭֪ࣿ˭֪䱯˭֪件˭֪֣
УǲҲʲô£
˵ӰԽԽԶߵò죬һһӡһںףԵ֮Ŀ֮ȴ͸һźʹݡ
ʲôˣ

ΪʲôҪһТȴֱһڹľ
ɽ֮أѵҲˣйȥ
һգⲻ˵͸
ǵӰչ£ȴԵأȣ·ɽΪһ塣
ÿһϵƱһ֣ȵɽ£ϵѾ塣ףŭ̩ɽѹ
ǰƵɽŲ΢΢һ٣ͷ˲䴹£ڵסһ˫۾ı顣
ٴ̧Ųһ̤ȥ
ƶĽŲٴʯ֮𣬶һθӾңš
һһĽŲ̤ʯ̳ɵɽϣȻγһһ

ɽϣһé®
˾;סé®Уȥ£Ҳ뿪
ǹ¶һˣûˣҲûѣûйʾɣû˻˿
ÿɽᣬԪ磬˵ؾһƬţƽʱֽҷֻĲǳ
ɽϵһػߣҹڴˣĹĹ
ϰ˼įϰ壬ϰ˺ɽϵĻһ𣬳Ĭÿ䣬ǳ
Ҳһ죬ԼҲɽ֮УȻţû˻ǵҲû˻˼
ֻͥһλµˣ˽
ˣµһֻء
գɽȴͻȻ
֪ЩǽĴأʱһݱ΢ˣûʸȥġ
Լé®ǰ֪ΪΣͻȻ£һСʣóԼѲĺ٣ȥûĻҳ
˻ƵĺƮ˷
˵۾ǻǵģ˵˼ǳٶ۵ģһ̣Ϸ⣬ĿԶɽµｭˮ۾УƺҲһЩʲô
ͻȻ֮䣬̤죬ٵˣ̧۳ɽȥȴһˣ
ˣ˿СñüĿǸࡣ
ǰһȴһۣ̤ģһᣬϵϢϣһ˵
Ŀбӣֱ߹ˣҲûȥ
ֱԷʧŻعͷ૵˾ӡ̫࣬ǣʵ۴ּˡ⾸ϺȲ˭ֹλջأ
̾һͣ˵ļ£ֺαزأʲôʸȥأ
ٹǱߴ̧֣еĺ٣ͬ޾ĵߡ
Ȼһ紵ֽǮ裬̧ͷֳһ˿֣ǶԻǵ˫ۣ૵ˣ



13 ׶
ʲô֣ɽشߴշɣʵ̫
Ȼߵ˫ȴ
Ȼ֮䣬ɽ½Ų
Ųһһʮֳأǧȴִһɳ֮
˵Уһں׵ˡ
ˣһ糾ƺ˺ܳԶ·Ȼͷϣȴ˿ˮ۾УҲƽÿ¡
һ޵̶޾ܡ
ǰ̽ʣ಺ǱˣȴٿȻһ󼲷ιǰʧ
ٿʱӰѾٲ⣡
˴ԭأþò׷룬ͣ¡
ٶȣԼô׷أ
Ҳбʿάܴýȥ
ֻǣ˭˸ʲôΪʲôϵɽȴֱһľ
ѵҲҪڴ᣿
˾þò۾ȴһ˿ֵĴӰϡǵãʱҲеһԱһλԵɺϣһʦ
˵ıӰֻǾһƳȴ죬죬ƺ
ˣʱ
ûôɣûô䣬ûֺɽϣȴ㣬飬׿Ⱥ
ǣΣݣȴĵȷȷʱʮơ
ôʲôأ
ѾˣҲʱǰ棬߻Լλ£Ƶĺһ𣬶һΣȻ߰
ѲϵƲȻһҲƺܾ

չ֣Ѿӽɡ
ڴʱ̤̤ŲΧ
ʱһ֣һͷ֮ǲɫһ䣬׷ӭϡ
һˣ̤ʯף֮ˣߵǰֱһнᣬ˫Ŀ磬ĿϵһɨڳˣʥּϺڣּ
˵ͬѼɤһ㣬ʮּȻȴ৵ȫȥΰݡ
ţ
ĻġϺϣϲɫһţ漴ȥóˮ£棬űȥ꣬΢ĩСɥףδԶӭʥʹˡ
ţ˵ˡ
Ҳ໰һ۹ڵصľϺ漴ֱ̯еľᣬ
ˣʵگԻϾҴˣһҹսΪͣشͷ⡮ƺţӷʳǧܼ̳С
л¡
Ϻһм֮ɫԱߵҲĽޱȵ٣ӷʳǧԭĶҲ䣬ǼĶˡ
ЦЦһ󼤶ٴμžּʼ
֮ܣϺϣͬ£йѫԼʼʽɾϺϽΣѫݲ̳УպŬ޷ǣմˣл
л¡꣡
ûȽʥּȴΰݹ˫ֹٹͷȥʥּеϲɫҲڲزס
ȴãΪһ̣Ըʵ֣Ӵ֮ҲԼ
Ӵ֮һ죬ԼٲһССľϺ֮һƹ֮һľӣ
Ϻˣӽ֮󣬺үһˣٲûиҪ򽻵ʱ򣬵ʱκĳҲҪүٶӰһ
λ¹٣ʥּ𣬷ϺУҲʮѵõ¶һ˿ЦݣЦƵ˵
ΪҴǣ
ϺϴӦŵͬʱָѾеʥּע⣬ԴСԺбϣ˲£ȫСм֮飡
ңҡ
˽ֻ˲С˵棬͵ȳ䶨ʱף
ϵָѾҪǴ¹нᴹµ˿УˣҲȫΧ˹׼һʱ½ء
ڴʱĹ֮⣬Ȼ֮䣬Ų
ˣˣˣˡ
һ̤ʯףÿһǲļ䡣
˶һǹӭϣȵʲôˣҴĹأ
䣬ۡ
죬ɶأһɫ԰ף³һѪҺ۾оǲŵı顣
˭֮ϷĲͷˣˣ£
Ϻȥʥּתʵ
ǡ
һױֵǹӿȥ
ڴʱдĿУĹͷһЩݣȴһ޴ڹײģӰ
ҡϣôҲû뵽ɣ
֮ˣǷʶ
Ȼһ֣ڹ餾ʹӱַɳ顱һԽշֱֱڡϺǰ
׸Զϻ䣬¶һɫ԰ףȴѳ΢Ӱ
ϻӦ֮ǰҪΧصȨȴǲͬһʱ󻩣
ⲻĹܼϰɽǣϻ磬ȴôͻȻľУѾȥʱмյʱˡ
ǰǰǰһмأ念£ôͻȻˣ컹һ߹ľУ⵽ô£
ԱߵҴ󷧣Ź壬ˡ
ʱǶֹһȥȻܲʶһֱϹܼϰɽ
Щ˻ֹһδʱһ߹ľǸоЩͬѰ
˸ĳ˳ۿ롣
ˣϺϵĿֻڹľɨһۣɫ漴ޱѿһĿüγī
ûлشȴǸվңңǰʮɴһ£ԵӰ۾񷢳⡣
㣿
ңһûǲǺʧ
ߣҸʶ㣬㵽˭Ȼ˵ҡղǺǺݣҲһҪץʡ
ң´ˡУϹܼǰѾϻ磬վȻɱһǴֶΣзɱۣ
ǡ
ȻһȺʿϺϵķԸ׷Χȥеǹ׷к

ԣȻЦЦƣˮΪ֮ͣ٣ɽΪ֮౯
ָֻžϺЦϣװĶ壬㵱治ʶôãܺãˣ˵ɱҪɱڣǾɣգҶԹһ˶ϣ
䣬϶Ȼӿֳһɾ޴ƣ䡱һпױʿ·ײһ¸ǽ׷׵˷ɢȥ
Ӱ׷ɣһʱҳһţײ֮ڶ
ˣղסƣǡͨһڵأʹþ
ϺĿһ۾дһ˿⣺㣬ԪѪ


14 
ԪѪ
ŴԣԱߵ˶ʱһɧ֣ڳ˶Ҿİ
ΪΪǿļǱϳ˹֮һֻмλͳܹѧϰϾǰԴ˾£ս޲ʤ´ûһ֮
ԪѪҲΪĶű־Ƕһң޷ֺš
ȻҲѧϰûһˣܽ˹ϰ˾ĵز
벻վȻ֣
˭
ΪʲôŹ
Ͼʲôϵ
һʱ䣬˼ڣѡ
ط֮ˣܵõڡ
Ȼŷݣ;򵥣٣һ֮ˡ
ˣղŽʲô壿
Ķ壿ֶ
ˣȫһֶӣһɱһȴֱԲʶԷԣҩζء
һʱʮֹŹ֪Ӧԡ
ڴʱȻһ˷״
ף˵ݣôЩ죬еʱ
ˣ쿴˺;ϺҲЩƣֻûôϣһ㣬ֶǻ˵ùȥˡ
ѣ˷׷׷ӦϸһǸ¶ɫ
ֻǣˡ
ʵֶϺΪʲô
ֻü֮˰ˣҥײƭ֪ʲôĿģ
ʲôĿģϸ֪ˣ
Ŀ˼֮ǰԾϺһĴ¹٣ҲֹͣԼľٶ
ûеʥּݸϣ˺һС¹Ա߿Ϸ

˵˽ܵһأǱ׾Ϻһ̣ɫѿ˼㣬绢
Ȼͻˣ
ˣǱԳ֣Σҽ񣬾ǰ˴ڵɼңҲԲˡ

޷Զ˫УɫĹ⻪ԽʢԽ㣬̫
Ԫ
˾ɫԱ䣬Ϊ⡰Ԫ˽
ΪеĲƷϽ׹֮һ˴ںطɴ˿ɼ¡

ͻȻ֮䣬ۻ¹̤һžϺϱȭЦүȻĪĿĲ꣬βѻ˵꣬дˣҲɶڿڣɰʥ֮İϾʥȻ٣϶ԸԼʥּУҪӷүǱ˼⣬ȴֱĨɱ˰ȥֻ˶롣үķţ󣬱޳ү˼
ţ
ԣϺɫȻһ䣬ϸѿˡ
ǣ֮ǰʥּûõʱԷѾĿڣƺԼΪүת֮䣬ѳƺĳˡү
ףմ²һ˶ϣţ粨ˡ
á
ȻֲԸǵͷӦһоʥʹ˼ȥ졣ҡϺϣǣҲͿĨ֮һС˵ղҪѪᦣ䵱ɱ
ǵȻǵȻۻ¹˺һЦŵ
ԣɫɣתͷСӣл˵ƨţһԣ߲ɽ

ԣЦ̤ɽ¶ģԸ߲ɽ
ԣϺŭЦããҽվ͵˵ס
˵꣬ΪԹȣ˺һ˫ֱۣЦһµ
ȴ¶ģֻҪһֲԣԸðŴ踣ɱ
Ҳ˵ֻ⣬ҵɽԹ˵ڣ˵ģұ㵱ûʣԸԾڴ˷ǰ㿴Σ
ããҵģȻˣʰɡ
ҾϺһ죬أҳڻʥϣ¶Եգ޲ɲڶ֮£ʣ
ûϵȻһиЦ۹
С޶վ̫ˣʲôֻҪһشǣҺΣʱͿԾҰ㣡
ãһ⣬ҵɽ˵㲻ʶ˵ҵճӣô
кβң
ϲмЦһĵҾϺϣԸģʶǰˣûаֹϵΥģú
ã
ϣûе׷ƺ֮ͬǰ˵ֱ֮ʳһ⣺
ҵ˵棬˵ϹܼҲɱңɱô
˵ϼشȴǵһ䣬Ҫ֪ĻɽΪ֤ɽΪǧаԣڣƭʥϣƭ𣬵Ǵ챨ӦԻش֮ǰҪΪ֮ڣ˵ô
ԣϺһЦûϣܣۣĿⶼϣһЦкβң
ھ͵ɽģϹܼҵûһ˿ϵ㣬Ծɱ֣ȻѲҵƲãƲã
ãһƲãƲáһ⣡
ȻһָĹľϣɸҵҵĸף壬˵׵޹֮
ֻҪ˵һ仰ޱӦԸԲãǰ
㡭
ԣϺɫȻһ䣬ϺȻһɸƣƻ֮̾У޵ɱһ
ˣ˻Ҳǳ׷ڣ۷׷ף
ʲô飿
ǰôܣλȨأƽձ׻ʿ٣˭ܿ˭ҿǿЦ
ǰܣСϹǣҲǾϺµ֡Ϻʲôˣƽʱѵܹ֮ʣʵҲگ̾ģôֶԼֵܣ
ǰܣ
ֻСҲʧķ裬ﵱ˵Ȳ׵˵ֻҪϺҸ͵Բãô
۷׷ףǲţ׷ָſڴƻƣףԽԽ
ȴֻ֮ȻԶԣȴ
ȺУֻˣı飬һûв룬ĬĬΧۡ
УǴ¹٣һ
תͷĿ˸ŶǡϺϣ뿴⣬α̬
úãһ˰ɣȻˡ
Ϻ֮ܵɫԽԽڣָá죺
Ҵ֮棬ֵ֮飬گ˵ǰ棬һܷһ·ڣŭˣŭˣ
˵仰ɫƽ俴ľϺֻǵôˣ㲻˵ô
飬ôܣСӣ͵Բðɡãҵ֮ģҴûһֹϵ˿֤йͥҽ֤ҴԲԸ콵ף׺䶥겻ظȫʬǧɽˮֻأ
˿ͷգ޷Ӧ
һϴƣ˵׵磬ֻûС


15 췣췣
⺢ӣͷԲ̫ϣף콵֮˵̫ˣ
ǰǰ˵Ϻ£ˣģʲôã˭ͷ˭ͷ
ǺǣкϷˣҪԾֻϧᣬҪֱȪˣɱ̾
ţˣЩʱأȻûƣҲһ˲ţֻǽվҪڴزˣ
˵֮ſһ޶գϺ̲ס쳤ЦЦϣһָСӣ㻹кλ˵
޻˵
һƽֻǣҽˣպܰô
İǸ︸һīسɹ棬Ըͨ˴͸һĸȻܾҪʹɱ֡գ׿ڸ㣬أ
ͻȻ֮䣬ѹֻܶһдһ˵ļ
㣬ºڻ£ˣȻûŻȷ⡣㣬أ
˫ֽסʣ˵ǳϸ׵йˣ
ȻҶô֪ģӺ档У㣬أ

̲ס쳤Ц䣺Ҫ˲֪ĪΪͷվ£ˣˡ
ţôܣƾʵǵĶ֡
ˣ£һ˵˶УҪⱨӦġ
ӦҵıӦλЦš
Ϻ˫ۣصϾˡ
˵仰ڱ۾˳һصĻþУƺ졣
һǿ棬ĪԹŵĸоȻϳ֡
˼״һ
漴̲סЦ
Ū顣
ϺϱͬЦһ㣬ЦᶼˣЦ
㻹бӦһ˵䣬޷Ҳ˭ɱң˭ɱң˭ֻͷң
ڴʱȻ䣬һ˴ô£ôͻȻˣ
̧ͷȻͼԭȻ֮䣬֮ϣȴǿʼƷ
ͬġ
һµı꣬ڿʼΡ
ѵ
˽ǲŵˣ̶̧ͷ졣
Ȼ䣬һϣ̹ǡ
ףˡ
棬Ҫ¡ˣ
һĨϣŵĵ֮¡¡
һʱɫ԰ףд˾ȣ𾪣в֮ɫԺˡ
⣬ôܣ
ڴ˻УϺ϶Ȼң̧ͷźͷ
ܣôܻ췣ôܣǼٵģһǼٵģɺϣɺϣ
Ҳţ
һת͵ػΪһɫ⣬ߡ
ڴʱɽϿգһƥף߱ߣ£Խ죬תϺϵͷ
䣡
һƵľ죬˻ǾʧĵɥĪ
̻ǰСúοһӡ
׵֮У·̺һĵɥ·ΰ
ž
ƿ죬һʱֳˣ˫Ŀֱͣ֡Ϻϵͷ¡һ£촹塣
֮䣬Ȼһϸİ׹⣡
ɣܡ
ֱʱȫš
ɫͨ죬ַۿôѲͷ磬Ȼһߺȣɫ˫ʮָ⣬̹ӿһֻ޴ħֱСӣҲҪһᣡ
ˡ
״Ȼһ̾
У֮ϣǵ޴ɫ׵磬ٶȸˣ·һ޴ߣݺݵػھϺͷ
ǰһ̣Цɫϣһ̣ɫ˴㵣̶ʹࡣ
Сܡҡš
ʵͨһֱӹڵأ˵鴤ɫ׵绷ϱը
۾УؾɣͲš
Ȼֹ
žž
УһƬţڶ
ֻз紵𣬾ֽҷ裬
ڳˣûлعšϺϣһ״ӿնɽ̿
ǰһ̣ǰڣһǰ;ġϺϣΪȨƵļ֮һ
һ̣죬үȴѾ׹зѣŤѪ죬ֻʣһڵĽڲϵðŵ𻨡
ʧ
˶һϺܵĵ·ϣڣףֻһ˵ͷ·ĽŲƶƶ
⣬ѵ췣
˶ǲţһ¶㵣ȻԻع
УϺϵʬ壬ҶԭűüѵϣѾȫǿɫĽڡ
һɢ̿գ˭˵ۺҹŹ仨Ʈ㣬ǰһΣʣЩʲô
ɽˮ壬鳾һƬãããɾ
ʹͼҵʹٻһ䣬ܴʲô
ʬ壬죬ǲʣִȥҪץסʲôգȴʲôҲץס
֮ǰʱ̣Ȼ𣬶ǰһҹˣڸлͤµգֵܾٱȻ˵һ
ܣһӣΪǮƣȥŬƴȥܷϣȴΪЩΥĵ顣
ۣ̺ҹҹġ˭˸˵Լһδ˿Բ˵顣ǣ±жȣЩߣԽǲܣ
Ҫ֪ʹùһùˣù飬գùԼô
̺ҹҹģ˵䣬Ϊûôһ˫۾ڿ㣬ǱˣԼһ죬۾أ
ˡ۾
ǺǺǡϺ쳤Ц۾ǺڣȴѾ̫ˡ
һ飬ǸɺԵۿ
һ̣顱һѾԵڵأһˤķѡ
۾еһ˿⣬Ҳʧ
Ӧȫʬǰµԡ
һһӦ飬컯Ūˣ컯˭˵أ


16 ɢ
˾ȻѾʧȻû˸ҿ룬·ʲôǾĶ
췣췣췣ˣ
һˆ£촽׵صȴһ˻ڴ˿̳ЦΪ˶һ
յĴĻΪһʣµУϵĻ˭᲻
˭£˭˸˵δ
ǰ˵޼ɵͻȻף콵˭˲аһ˿£һ˿׷ڣ
գ䵽Ϻϣ´أǴʱվ´ǲǾԼ
ûȥǡ
ҲûȥµķѣѾȫʬĶ塰Ϻʬһۡ
ǧǹУһ߳׷ǰͨһ򵹣ðỨ
ףˣȻ֪ΪʲôҪĶ֣һ죬һġ
һᣡ
ҧҧ˫սָ״УأԲ
ƵУϾһƽӳ׷ݣһλ佫һ
˫۽գ񵭣͸һɿ͸Ĳã
彫֣Ƕһõע͡
߰׵ͷ֮ǰԼ̤ϳڵһĻһ̣ʡ
δһ𣬱Զ
ǰݣߵͷ
ţ֣Լ׵ĹڣΪ
ڷǰĬĬ֣ԼͳһЩݸɷƵؾᣬԼ׷ǰ̯С
ףһϲʫƪ֮һһֱǵãգͽʫƪջظϣѧɣһؼ
ɼ漸壬¶һֿȴįߵľ
Ȼ壬ʿΪ񷨾Сˮ٣ӽսޡ
ǰ֪ǿ˷ڳ䨡С·⣬ҹῴͼ
žڻΪҽĨ۾ϵ飬ת̤سɽȥ
ӽԺҲûһˡ
࣬һˣҲգ
̧ͷɽ֪Ѿƻ裬͸Ļƣ·һƥƥҰԵ
һ̣УȻĪƽޱϲֻһֿ͸ĲãͻȻ
ͺ󣬹ľϵɫһģһ

Ҫȥ
ȺУһˣȻΡΡ߳ЩضıӰ
ڡ
һͣ½Ųȴûлعͷص
ɡ
ȰҲû뵽ϾȻˣŲң㻹ڣͲҪ뿪ˣǷΪһͬѼ巢չ׳󡣡
Ǻǣô
һЦֻǿһ֣ʥջسȥ֮λɡˣҶһУû˿Ȥǣ
˵꣬ٲͣתɽӰϦϵԽԽԽԽչޡ
ɽǧٱףһ
˶ؿ뿪˵ߵĵҲûУԶֿһ·


Ѿ뿪ɽϣһ̾Ϣ˼Ҫ˵ʲôȴǱ͡
ȡȡǲǶŲʣϵΪ֮֮װ֪飬䵽գ
ܣȻһȺӿ
̣£ĳȸˣ
һ˲ǰ˵꣬Ҳһȭẉ̂ܲأ˴αǳնȳɣĳҲҪ뿪ˣ
̣ʥĳճ´æͣĳˣջؾϸ߶ߵ
һһˣҳɣ˵֮Ҳ߻ظ㱧ȭ׷뿪·Ψһ
תۣɽ֮ϣԭȺͱÿտ䣬޼
ǰ󲻹һ̹⾰ת˹
ɫ԰ףĿãȻһתɽȥıӰ·𱻳ȫһҺһҵӣۼֿæס
ůů̬һɢԭ죬죬ӦӦ
ǺǣϲҪˣЩֻΪҪ¡
Ⱥ⣬Ǹ֮ǰһֱվǵĺۻ¹٣ʱҲ˹ƤЦⲻЦ̣ҲҪˣ·࣬˾ϻūء
ϾͲˣɣκĳһ˵꣬˹֣ʹ£ת뿪
ɢˣȫɢˡ
һ֣תۼ䣬ɽϣе˽ֻʣһӵܡ
ֽƮ裬ȴȻһ˿įƮ֮⡣

֮
ϣһأԶ볾ɽãƺ䣬Ʈӳסݣ¶ƫһǡ
ɽ֮УɺᣬԳϪȪٸӳ¥翣ӻѾ
˴½֮һڵڵءǧɽ
ǧɽ£оɽ壬԰һͷƾŸмǧɽǣϵһ
ɽ壬ǳɾУ͵һΪ塱ǳڵء
ҲǳɾУ֮һȴ޶û䣬˸ϳ֮һ
ܵģҲֻͶ˵ĴԱ١
ʹΪ˥һ֧УҲָߵ͹
֮Լĵӣסġҡ֮ϡ
ŵӣԼһЩͨϣסɽݵġƶ
ŵӣԼһЩ۵ӣֻܾסɽţԼһЩΧȺɽһЩªľ֮С
գ£һꡣ
һ£㣬Լʮġ꣬޳Դһ˿;ƣͷ糾
;ûκһ۵кҲϰΪֱԽգɽһǡ
һϪϪ֮䣬ӳмһССľ®
ֱƿţ˽ȥ
®󣬶ªһһһΣͱƶ
Ȼȴ˼ΪϤ֮أĿ˰Σƺ¶ģԴϳһɫܵ·һһʰ۵С
ǽһǣֽȥƬ̺ͳһССľУľУһͭƬ
Сؽ𣬲뻳УϰţҪ߳
ڴʱȻ顱һ®ű˴߿һֺĴΪߣһ˸ĺꡣ
ĿһɨܿͿǸһ£һ׼뿪ꡣ
϶ʱһϲŵصӴСӣڿûˣȥʮգȻҲǮүһٳСӣҿǲ˰ɣ£ٵǮ
򿪷ŵ֣Ȼͣ£̧ͷŶĺꡣ
ͷڸס۾ȻȻóʮֳһ˿ţؿڵ
ԺҶٽˡ


17 ڣȥ
ʲô
Ϊ׵Ǹ׳꣬ƺԼͷȥԼߣ˵ʲôе˵һ飡
˵ԺҶٽˣ
Եʮƽؿ˵
ǺǣǺǡ
ƺʲôЦתͷආֿЦûУȻ˵ԺÿҪǮȻˣ

һǰආƺͬʲôЦһ㣬һЦû
мˣ죬һƾСӣҲ˵Ĵ󻰣ɽˣԴе㲻ͷԣ׹壬˭ĵ̣
֣
ԣڵӽǴϲԥģһϣǰ
飬飬顭
һʮȭͷÿһ粧ϣּֿ죬ͷ·ʮڵһ볯ޱȡ
Ȼ飬в֪ɹٴˣִ˲ƣ
ȻȻ¶һ˿һľݣƺԤϡ
ֻһһתѾһƳԼһֻȭͷ
ͬʱͷһƫҽһ̧Ѿеһš
飡
һ죬£һʱ߸ţؿھʹ˻ȥŭı飺
Ȼҷ£뽻ҲˣǶϣݺݵش򣬺ݺݵش򣬴Ҹ𰡡
ãû˵ģ˴ͷѵպηڣ
ЩȻҲûϵȻҷʱŭͷ𣬻Եһȶٶȱ죬һģʱ·硣
ȻԾû˿ĵ뷨䴦·磬ǿ
ֻУȻðתĻ⣬ڰѸںΪһ𣬳ǰɳ

ڵһ㶣漴ǹЦԭΪǶ⣬Ʒ½׵ĵѣһƣ
䣬һĳУʱһӿʱе漴ԽԽʢΪһĿȥ
һ㣬һʱ죬ʱУȼţؿһ󶴣ƤڣԺˡ
ڵӶʱЦǱ֮ݸ
Ϊ׺ЦСӣҿڳԣ˵һ۵ӣһЩŵӣҲΥ綨µڣóٵǮһȻٺ١
ô
ܴһػɫȴʮƽӵİڵ棬󻺻ת泯ˡ
Ǳҵģ֮ǰû뵽Ҫһδ˹
֪ΪΣƽĻǱģһ̣ռϷ۵ӣȴĪͷһһ˿õԤС
ԼûƣôܣѵСӣʲôصɱвɣ
ͷͷδ䣬ȴ棬֮ϣȻһѪɫĹâһţȻſڣһȣͣ
䣡
·֮֮䣬ȻһĳڵӣʱֻԴһΡ
ã
ӸոѾͼӰȻԾڿӰ漴ָ䣬ɣǳһһϡ
飬飬顭
꣬޲ʱУ·ݲݰܸɵȥΧȦʱ⡣
긩ʰϵİޱϲԽˣɽ¡
ӴˣٲŵˣҪձѣ˰ɡ
˵꣬ӰԶ󣬺ܿɽʧ
Уͽˣɵ棬һǱ۵ӣá
㣿ôܣɽ֮ʱǻŸոڣŶõʱ䣿
һ˻˻ԴЩȷص
ǰ
һͬ͵صķ۲ôôͻƣ
ߣ
һֺƵЦҲΪԼ˵ʧҽڣ͸ģС߱ˣǵʧԼʧ
Ŷô˵۾һ
֪Լײķձѣûյһ˽Լһ̵˵ȥֻº˵
Ȼһͷ˵ԼҲ˵ˡ
֮ǰ˵۵ӵ͸ˣСӣϵүݣǿɽţ񲻹һۡڣƾʣһֻҲ벻ˣԶΪһƽ񡣡
ǣ
еһʱӦ˹Ц⡣
ȥ˾ԶˣСӣԺһ鷲ˣʹɱɱһ죬ᱨһ֮𣡡

ڵ۷׷ףʱٴλָ֮ǰ緢һţ·Լ۷һδʮʧܣʤسһ㡣
Ǻ꿪ʼʱɫɫҲչЦСӣҪڵ޽㣬Ȼٺ١
һЦû˵еĿ̹Ǻ⣬ȴ˭
ආӣԶʱǲɫһ䣬Īһ

ɽ£ŰĬĬͷԼĵط
ֻ꣬һͯתѳ忡ꡣ
Ȼʱȥȴ͵ʱûκβֻͬһײۡ
֪ԼҲûʲôǰ;ˣ¿ʼһҲת
ô
֪
Ҫƴƴһƴô֪ԼĵһԼһҲֻһۡ
Ҫı䣬Ȼ飬ͻʱ
ԼƵһʱƵһô

Ȼ䣬췢һŭ𣬻ͷһɽţ̤سԶççȺɽȥ
ǰɽ׳·ԶԼģһССĳ˵أ
һ·ȥٲͷ
ӰԽԽȫʧĳɽţɽԽԽԶ
ǰһƬһڸǣնڳеһм䡣
ҵļңںη
紵ؼ䣬Ȼѩ
ɳɳ
ѩëƮƮɡɵɢһĺ
£ü۵Ȼϣ䣬ȴ·ѿֵҰԳȻ
󣬲֪򣬵֮޾޻ڣʹʵʣкοɵĴ
ת죬Ʈ裬תѩ߳ת۲Ӱ


18 ߺ
Բԣãã
ѩѿһˣɡƮƮһƬףѩ˺һ㡣
ɳɳ
ëĴѩ£һưܵĹ¡
ȴжܰܲݣϣ˷£һƬ
ȻǰͻȻֵĹ£ȴǲһ𣬶ʱϲתɿգ۽С
ʵƣȻѾѩһһҹȴʵ˼ãתȥݺʰһѲ𣬶ڴȼϺ⽥ȥپԼػ˼䡣
ҹˡ
ޱߵĺĻܣȻ¹ķ£ѩϣȴɢһ׵ϢɿɼһЩ΢Ӱ
УڻԣĬĬ˼ԼԺĵ·
ڲУΪԼ޷۵ͳڵĹʮִĲ죬ǽ۵ԽϸԽԽԽãĹҲԽ
֮󣬳ڲУڲС
ïת򶫣ǧؽ磬֮ڵءꡣ
ǧһڣ¡
һŲУŲУһʺԼ
ᶨȻ֪⿿˫㣬ҪǰЩţ;֪Ҫټ裬ǧɽˮ
Ȼȴȫη塣
ȻʲôɿԻͳһöͭƬ
ͭƬƴֲޱȣȻȴһůص͸ġ
뿪ʱƷһ
һдĻ뿪ʱԼ׵ķǰջ١
ڶͲҶɻ룬ڹؽʱ̱·ϣȫ
һöͭƬ
ǰδᣬֻöͭƬһҪúղأЯ򲻿ʧ
˵һܣ˷ӡѨ޷򿪡
Ҳ֪Ϊֻ֪ÿοһۣ͸ȫޣбƽϲ֡
ÿķңƽʱصУͻöͭƬϸһۡ
һкָֻܿ
ˣҲô꣬ڳڳ˶ߣȴɻڼûһԭ
ʱǰ·ãã˼Ѿȥĸףʹٴóϸȥ
ͭƬ֮ϣһУƯںһöҶ֮ϣ鰲飬˫Ŀգϲ
ԱߣŰ˸С֣ף˸׵âһ־ĶǣȴִƵĸо
˸ֱַǣƹģҶǸ
ͭƬ֮ǵϸۣвٴθԼ˫Ⱦ˪ģͷһɬ
׵Ѿģ䣬ȴɫ
ˮδ𣬴ĵͭƬ֮ϣȴûз֣أͭƬĺоȻʼ˫ִһֵӡ泯졣
Уһɴ룬ľȻԽԽ۾ԽԽͬʯһ㣬Ĺ⻪
ˮ͸ƱͭƬϵСٴοʼһ·붨
Ҳڴӻѹ
ԶңԶĲãأһЦװף˵ҲѨԶҲ޷͸ͭƬܣҵʣ˵ѨܲܵԪ˵οǴ˵еѨ
ͭƬͷǽڣĿԶ

⽥ˣСһҹ֪ãȻ˯ȥ֪ѺʱѾϨ
ۣվɲǣԴȻһΣٴε
Ȼһҹ佻ȣѪȲ佩ӲԵµѪ
һҧ⣬ѵվ֮⣬һƬããѩһƬ
ȻУӹһ˿ůɫ
һֻɫѩʳУʱһ󼢶ĸо
۾һ˫ֺʮǰһҾӷԲסˣ
Ŀһˣ׽Уܵеùľ޴
ܿ죬ֹëȥ࣬ѩˮϴûУ͵һտ
һŨ
Щڵ۵ʱʦͨѧġ
һۣҪּܸ񣬾ƽʱĳʳǿ˿ۣѼȣֻѶ֣ʳ
ӷʩȻڷտҲ·ô
Ȼ䣬һ漴ǰһһѾĶ棬˫ضǻзתļ⣬۾Ѿ⡣
ĿԴӴάάὡԶˣʮ֮ڣҶɻһƬƮ䣬
ȻֱߣȻƺɺֱ꿪˵ŷĴڡ
Ťͷ⿴ȥѩһƬףӡĺۼⷽԲǧڣֻһģ
д󺧣Ťͷ꿴ȥȴȻУȴоһأǿյģ翣ȫڡ
һΪռ
㡭
оҪȥȻһ˫ƣ΢;Լȫʹѹʯһ¡
ƺ޶⣬ЦصԻзݡѣݽԸһݣҲƶĶǸ
ԻƶһͷˮֻԳʮ֣ȳƷ棬ֽƶֵӹŹ֣
Ȼ֪ǳĵԸʣգֻһЦ˵仰𣿡
еģеģ
üЦԻһǾȣҲǾȡһǹҲǹҿڤУ⼦ǳԶˣ
ͷһԭŹֵ꣬Լ鷳ģǾûνˡ
ЦղŲ˵ôҼȻǺУӦأôҲܳ⼦⣿
ƨֻƺʱҪ·ӣЦصԻҲ˭ҿڤоǵ֮ܲ
ֻһȻôҲԷһУԷȻҪô˵Ҳûа취
ң˵ĻȻƹŹ֣ƣȴΪƵһĵزôһ˵Ȼ֪ԼηźãֻгĬ
Ƭʱֺ󣬼죬Ҫ֣ȴһֱֻ죬һзֿȻһһ롣
гһҲûвãſڣ͵سȷʵԼʹûΰͣҲԵ͡
ȷʵ֣ȻҲôײ׽һ룬СҲ໰̧ͷꡣ
ȴٶȱ죬ֻռδӣĿĴȻƺץһֻ
ڴʱɫȻһ䣬žͳξȻþˣգ۾֮ܳԶ
д棬һĪ֣ʲôо˿£űߣĳ⿴ȥ
ͼѩУһĵУ㲻մأٱֳŭȻðҵķɱ֮££һҪץھꡣ
ߣ
ǰ棬ֲмһ߷ӣһתУһ·׷׷˸£ûйô㲻һأҿɲɫ㻹ǴȥڵСȥɡ
Ǹۺеŭӷʩɱ¾̫أ¾˼䣬ֻƶɮھ꣬гɽһܸĹ£ˡ
ӵȻŭޣȥˡ䣬ǧ㷨ʦһԲϣ˵ҳħΪħҲ䡣ѵĵǵҵĵħô
ۺһ̾ϢҲ֪ƾȰȰˣٶԣβ׷ȥת˾սһѩĭ׷ɣ֦ۡ
ۺһ̣ȻȴһӣģԽԽ죬ԽԽԶʧ
һĻֻӣ֪ԼǰҲˡ
˵пڤУԭǴı˵ţһͷ֮ǰҲ㣬ǿڤһ·ֻ²̫ƽ
ЩΪеͷʹ
Ǳ˵£ʲôϵҲܣ»صãԶأ˼ŵһҪȥš
ֻǣΪʲôԼܸо֣ԼЩأ
˵һº󣬾꿪ͽ֮գλᣬҪ¸ˡö룬ǸϽ̰ɣȸꡭ
ţ
ȥһ̣ߵķ򣬺Ȼ֮䣬ʲôһƬȻ֪ΪʲôоЩˡ
Ȼߺ֮ߺ֮һġº޽Ķʿ꣬һĪ⣬˵õԶһţšдС
׷ǸУͬС
ûв´䣬£ᣬ׷šߺ֮һ׷ŵģСҲûˡ
֮һϺϯӣֿնɡڤ
ҲһϾʿޣһˣ
벻Ȼǵȷܹܵ˵ˣǸϽ·ɡ


19 
һº
֮һ޴Ĺȴе֮ӿϿγɷͼ
˴һλǿߵĹѨĵһδʦ֣潨޴󹬹ۣΪڵ֮һ
һգһµ꣬ǰ
ǰֳһƬյľ޴󹬵ڵĹţ·ɽȦΧͷ
һǿѪ֮УǰС
˳˲ֻ죬Ըͻ˫ʮָڿһһݻŴ塣
ʰգͷ֮ϣȴֳһƬɫתǿգɫǳе䡣
ô
˫Ŀʧ૵ص۾Уֻʣ̾
˳ڵɽˮȻ׳ɭϵĴ˸컻صķǿߣһ㲻Ӧ
㣬ʲôģ
ǰмؿһ۲·糾Ӳص
Ҫ˲μǵ
Ǻǣƾ㡭
һۣһЦðμóǧǮ
Ϊʲô
û壬ŵʵ
ǧǮѶò꣬ΰɣ
һȻһţĿڣûзƺһɶһѪʱ
þûһص˰ɣ
ᡣ
ղųֵмصҲʵûô˵Ҳſڣߣȥ
˵ţһ˹ȥȴȻһֱſڵϵǲ꣬ѵشӵϻ˫ĿԹضһۣǵĳԶȥ
ǵıӰһ㶣̶Цͬڿһֻ˹
ҳǣҲԼʲôУܽɼҴ˵
º
Ϻ֮кԻ飬ײף֪ΪʵΪһƬ󺣡
麣֮Уһɽɽ
ɽ֮ϣһ𶥺ǽľ޴ʢ˲޴ĺʯţͨܳӽʮεΪ׳ۡ
˴֮һڡ
ڽŵӣп꣬ѧɽɺ쳾
ǧ쳾٣նˣܳΪд£Ϊиɮ
գɽ£һӣ糾ƾɣȻδţ㱻⵽ܾ
ɽշδ֮ˣ쳾δϣ֮Եڣ޷ڣɽ
ʧȥ
º
ɽؼ䣬ǧɣ˾ӡ
칤ɽ칤ɽ֮УΨһµĵһڣգһ泾忡ꡣ
칤ɽͽʣԣңҪ㣬ƶӣشɽ

飬ģɳ磬׳ǣ⺮޾ѩ򡭡
һһЩеɵڣȻ޲Ǳ֮⡣
һһϢսݣ˫⣬ҲԽԽĬ
ѵĲʺ޵
һᶨĵģһ̣Ҳҡ
㣬ʲУܾ
㣬Եδ㣡ܾ
㣬¥ʣܾ
㣬ͽŲգܾ
㣬µɱǰʮūôܣħĶֲˣʲôаɽ뿪ɡ
һʱ䣬Ӷϵ紵ɹ˪ĥ˫ĥ֪ٺ룬ЬҲĥ˫
Ȼȴģ޲Ǳۡ
գ
գ
գ
գ
һգͷʣݣһ˵Եһ˵
֪ǲһɣܾԼˣ䣬ʲôʲ㣬ԵδܾǾܾ
ڣڣһһ߹һ֮
һϮ£Ե֮ǰǿʹѵЩƱȫһ·֮ϣ丵βʣ
һ꣬òЬ˫㣬̤ڳڣȻģ޲Ǿܾ֡
ǧɽˮ裬ΣΣȥȻһ·ˡ
ȻֱҲЩֲȥˣ
κϣһ꣬ԸɾܾҲȼϣ
ϢսĬƣˣȻһ˿̬
ıܣһ˿ҡᶨĵģ߽⣬ͭƬոοѼֵһ·
Ȼǰڳһɽ壬Ҳһɽš
Ψһϣ
Ҳգ޴ɴȥˡ

ߣ޾βӿͬһ죬ö
֪ǰɽ壬Χƣݡ
ֻҪݣܲμǵ
ͷ
ɽ֮ϣƾ棬·һƬƬ
ɽ֮£ɽһ·죬ֱɽ㣬һɵӨ׽ݣ·ʵʡ
ȻԽϣȴԽ鵭·ƺʱпܱٶѡ
Ǵ˵еô˵ÿһ֮У̺һ˿˽Ų̤ϣߵߣȫԺûмͲεľʧ䣬ǡ
Ȼһкοʧȥƴһѣһ˿ϣҲȥ
ߣɽ֮ĲԽԽ죬Ȼǰʮ峱ʱ̣ʹƽգ֮ҲͬΡ
ʮ֮һ
ÿİʮ壬ϯᷢһ죬˻׵ĸ߿գʯ£ֲֳʺһɫ
Ŀеʥأһ׷Ŀꡣ
ƫһż֮һģһڡ


20 
˫ĿͻȻ⣬ƺǻ˹۾У¶һݹʡ
ѣҲܷԼһ˫߳ﳤ·񲻾԰׷ϣ
˫ĿһһѾ˲¶ģҲ֪̤سǰȥ
Ѿˣһļ֣ۿһأʹ˵ͷѪǣΣ
ֻҪԹ㲻ڣ
һ̤ϣ޻һ㵱
ܿ췴Ӧ˹һץסԵϡ
ԽϣµʵԽ·ʱпܳܲסӶѡ
Ȼرģͷ¿һֻۣҧأץŴ쳤һһһһףȥ
Խߣյ鸡Խǿңߵ;µĽݿʼͬˮһҡפ㡣
ǣϣ죬һ̧ͷͷɸ߲ʵɽȥ
ҡҡλΣƺʱпˤ
ҵңһһͬһιۣĳ󵹾״
ֻͷ۾һһʵǣۿԽԽˣ˰ټ߰ټټٰټ
ֻİٶ༶ˣ
֣֣ټ֣һҪȥһɹģ
ŬԵ۵˫֣˫㣬ԼԼھ嶥ٲ
ڴʱߣȻһӰ֮ϣȻ硣
ֻһգۼ䣬ӰԾʮףһ䣬Ѿ嶥롣
̶̲Ƭ̣ӰѾԾɽ壬ʧۼ䡣
ͷһôʱһ紵һûץȣ㵱䣬ųһ亹
ҺʱӦ˹ϽһסȻٴ̧ͷǸղǸɫӰȴѾͬڤڤʧˡ
Ǽ䣬һ㵭ϮƢǶˣȻһŮӡ
ÿٶȣ
̾һӵʵˣҲʮ㣬벽ԪΪµһ벽ԪĵӣҲҪ˲μ
ˣҸܱ̫ˣ
ҪȻһŮҲ磡
ܴ˴̼һҧ⣬׶ʱӿһɾʵչȫʱһ
һ̤ץסɿȥգۼ䣬˾ûУʧ
飡
ż̤صһ˲䣬ͷͼݣ·ľӣ˲ķѣϣѸݡ
˰յʱ֣ݲٴʵ
״ɫɷףаңûãץסĻᣬȻ˵ţܻܲŻȥһδ֪ˡ
㻹ã˷嶥һ·
ʱһ޴Բʯƽ̨֮ϣԲʯƽ̨ԣʯգھ޷֮
ʱЩԲʯ֮ϣ֮⣬ʮͲĸɫӣѾڴ˺ˡ
ҲǺһǰμŵĿĵġ
ףһģ֪ĸҵˣ
Ǻǣݣ־Ҳףǲ֪ܲͨˡ˵Ǽѣһġ
Ҳǣ־ͲõģнҵİӦ⣬ʱСһˡ
ʱղ˵꣬ʱ¶ɫưһͷ˵˵
ûжǣĿ´ȻƬ̼䣬Ⱥ֮⣬һ¶վĺŮӡ
ŮӣһʵĴۣɫ䣬ޱ飬ңԶ·һʯ
۵ģȴ󣬱һϻ
ǽϻϾûκλƵΣȻȴһѩ׳״ϸҪϻɳȴһͭס
ƺǱ룬ǱӡڴϻС
״üһԸ˹ŽδţԲ
Ůƺ򵥰ѹʵǿ
ǺŮиӦȻعͷһۣ״ԸΣûҶ࿴ջĿ⣬תɽµããƺ
ɽһ棬˵ݵĵطһ棬һ޼ʣɫĺϿ
Ͽ֮Уɫ˻Ͼ𣬷Ƶġ죬ö
׳۵ģȴǺϿǺϿ֮Уһ·֮ͨƵĹ¥
¥Զ·ǰȻȴԶߣԶһ
ӰӰ´£ƺӰС
һӴѪ֮ͬѪϸ߿գƱɫĺϿۣεΪ׳ۡ
⣬Ǵ˵е֮һô
ؼ֣һλᣬҲΨһ
ΣҲʧܡ
Ҷ룬ҲԼҲûа취ڵ޽ȥ˰ɡ
Ӵֻ֮ܳΪһũڴѿûڣգȥ
ҾҪһҪҸ׵һҪһӹأССһ󣬾Ѳסң
˫ֽգ죬һ̣ʮָ߬ýģ¶ġ
ʹҲԲʧܣ
㸶һдۣһεҲһҪɹ
ΪԼΪףˡ
ƺǸܵĵĲԶ罣ĺŮȻعͷһۣ۾УĮȴƺһķâ
״ͷһ侲֪һжͽͣ˺Щһڴ˵ȴ
뵽ˣڰҲѧһһ䣬£ϥ
˷ʱȥ뷢йץÿһÿһָҲ֮ĵ·ߵ΢ƽһЩɹļʣҲҪһЩ
ʯ̨֮ϣָ˰ǲˣ֮ʵǶϣģһһҹȥʯ̨֮ϣȻۻˡ
ˣڴ˵ȴ˽˲˲ס
ڴʱȻɽ£ǶʮߣͨʯĹӸ¥Ȼһ

𣬺ӿ󲻶̧ߣһȫɫ̳ɵĴֱӳʯ̨ת۾ѽӺϡ
ˮˣҿߣ˾ʹˣ
˶ʱϲһΩֲ׷ӿϣ˻̤ϣȻƶˣûио˿ʣʮƽȡ
ܿ죬һ̤ˮݣ뵽ǹ¥У״ҲվȺУˮȥ
ڴʱȻ䣬󷽵֮ϣһӴҽС
Щûߵ˻عͷͼһȻ顱һԽշʵʵˤʯ̨ϣһֻɫ
ˤڵغȻ̧ͷȻһ·꣬һ𪣬ҽУʹư֣ˣңҶƼҵĲ·ô
Ǻǡ
һЦһ꣬˫ִһ˫Өİɫףϡ
ֻҰͷڣдһ㣬ʮӢȴ
ֻǺǡһЦصӣ˭Լ֪Լ£㻨һǧǮݣⲻˣѵˣ
㡭
ӵɫףû˵ַʽҡɡô㣿
ǺãҾٰȥˣҲ˶һ£һǧǮҲҪˡ
˵꣬Сư֡Ļ̧꣬ţɵڵصĻƨȥ
𣬱𡭡
һ߹ƺ뵽ʲôʮֿµ飬æҡֵҸҸ𣿡
ǺǣˣǧǮ
ǻӶʱԥɱһ۵飬״ʱٺ١һЦ̧һ£
ʱǻȻһָư֣ˣ㿴ˮݿ쵭ȥˣٲȥҲʧȥˣǧҸҸ𣿡
Ŷ
ͷһۣȻͼƬ̼䣬ǵֱʯ̨ɫˮݣѾȥһأʱ˲ԥһ£һӵ죬һƬҶƮˮˮɢһ̣ɹ̤Ÿš
һѽлڵϣɫںڵصˣǧǮһֶ٣ڣǮ
ֹûûȥ
ڴʱһ䵭Żһ۴䣬¸߹ڵʿӹŸ֮߳ǰ
ϸһһˣÿٻԪΪ
˶ǲɫһ࣬ɫǿŵĻ꣬Ҳɵͷٲһ
Ϊ׵һµޣĿĮشһɨ󻺻ڵ
ڿʼ
һأѪԣ
˵꣬µ޵ȴͷŰˣһ͹Ӽľ޴ɫʯҡ
ʯУһаڷʮξƵİɫˮء
ˮУϳϿɶ˪һͼΡ
ǵȥܼһʱߣأʱ̣ɫʱ̣Ӣʱϣֱţѡһ壡


ڶ 


21 
ֱţ
µ޵Ļ˽ǲһ漴۾
֪󹲷ţţּ
壬ֱӽţԽŵһؿ𲽵ٱȱ˿ꡣ
ʮꡣ
ָݡλȣȫͬ
һҪֱֳ̣ӽš
ٺ٣һСˮأкգôֳһʱʱ
Ȼ˶ûаǰЩξƵİɫˮطУһĦȭƣĲ
ٺ١
ĵޣ״Ŀ¶ЦΪЩˮ˼򵥣
ôױ̣ܳҲᷢչ׳زˡ
ŵӣɲôõġ
ϧˣעûпı飬Դһ˿ڴһ˿ŪȻֹۡ
ע⵽ģŮ꣬ӵˣ״ǲС⡱һ˲õԤС
Ȼܿ죬Цˡ
ŵһǰһߣ󣬾ͽԼ˵ð˿˿İɫˮء
һҽУһ̣·ɱҲƵĽȻ˶Ĥ
ɫ԰ףأۿʱֻѾ˱˪ЩطѾѣðϸϸܵѪ飬Ŀġ
ֻƣȻΪ˹ıɫ
һĻ˽Բɫ䣬һһ
֪Լ֮ǰǶôĿЦԴ
ô졭
ôܣ
ʱµһĮˣЦؿڵΪ⺮˼򵥣ΪˮءרżѪĺ֮ߣǻԪʿҲֲ˼̣οǣ
֪õסԼֱۣ˵һ̣һϢϢʮּѵ顣
أһ
µޱڣ˶֪ղçײĵӣж
ΪеӳŪĶ󣬶ңʧȥ˽Ļᡣ
ȻΪ׵µǱġء֣֮ǰðʧӣʧǵ˵һߣѾһƬҰܡ
ɣ
ԥãһµ߳ѽ͵ڿ˵ɫһϣʱһɫ壬ͬɴֱֻ۰С
۾·˶ôشľһҧȻԼֶǰĺ
ۡ
·ˮν͵ĿˮϿգʱðһɷڵİ̡
꿪ʼʱɫţȴϳ鴤ɫѸֱӡ
ֻƬֻ̣֣Ѿû֪ɫҲ࣬ס
ûһ̣ۡһ뺮أˤѾǽܲס˹ȥ
أһ
µٴĮص
ȻһΣȴҲûǰ
ף˵û׼׼õֱۣ⺮У˵һʱ̣ʱ̣һһ룬ʮݳ޵顣
Ҫ˵֮ǰ룬һʱʱˡ
µҲżؿˣ˰Σվһ֮ڣûǰβԵ˽ȫʧܣ˳

һ漴ɫһ䣺ôԣǻûԣ
һ£˶ˣ󣬷׷ӿϡ
˽ǧȻ֪ףȻԶһ±㱻̣ȻԸŹ˻ᡣ
״µ¶Ц֮ɫȻÿ춼Ǻκʻ
ЩСסһȫܲˡ
ȺУֻˣɾĬվԭأ·Ⱥɲϲɶӿ˼ۡ
Ƭ̣Щһӿϵĵӣ㽫кռʮֱֻͬʱǰЩξƵİɫˮȥ
ۣۣۣۡ
һ׼ȻȫͬڵУϾһ츳ɫߡ
ܿ죬ܲ˵ı㱻£ЩУȴһǰˮغܿ쿪ʼɫ
һǵĿˮǣһ꣬ǰİɫˮУƣƺµҲûʲôͬƬ̺Уȴһ̹⣬ߴﵽң󷽲Żɢ
˵ޣһۣ۾ֳһĨϲɫ
ľ壬һ쿼ˣôͳһӣпΪ
ֻǣʱ˵㣬߶ҲԵͣҲ㲻ˡڴһ
š
˽ʮڷˮأһʱ̰֮ڳܲסλȻֲ
Ƭ̺󣬵ˮϣһ⣬𣬳ˮ֮У̣ⷺ·һɫˮζ
ףǣ壬ǣ
ţǽǸӣ£Ӧܽŵӣл붥塣
ˮ꣬һ£ɫư֮ǰʯ̨֮ϣ˳ΪӵһšҰ꣡
ң
뵽˴˫Ŀ΢΢һתͷһۡ
ǻǵãԼеǹҶɻ룬ǳصĽңطһԡ
ף
Ȼ䣬ǰϹһһŮվʮź֮࣬һֻƣֱУˮʼгƽƬ̣ȴǿҵϹ⡣
һƬƬֱ·𺮱ѩƬ
пˣȻܲסŵŵšü׷Ⱦ˪
ʲô
˵ޣһʱɫ䣬漴ϲɫǣѲϺ壿岢ΪϡѪƷ塣Ů浤Ҫˡ
ޣƾʲô浤壬ǰٻ壬ҲԤˡ
𳳣ӣ岻ӣʣѧϰϰ壬ˮˡ
Ǻǣ콣಻˺Ϻ壬ҷ峾⽫ʮꡮϹ⽣ľѡ

һʱݣȻ㵱䣬Ůγɫ
һڵһԿţǲ¶֮ɫ
˻ΪܲܽŵӶᣬȴԣһУ㽫ֱţĶ
壬콣浤ٻʥ٣иĶŹи־
У콣浤壬λߣΪ塣
ٻʥٴ֮Ϊ塣
ǣ˭ӵ壬츳Ѫɫĵӣǲ
Ʒ壬еٮٮߣԶͨ塣


22 ѩ
ѪʣۺͳƵ塣
ȼΪӣ£Уϣȼ
һӵȣ已̥޷޵
µȣſš
еȣѾȽټǰ;ռ䣬Զˡ
ϵȣ֮࣬Ͳ˵ˣѼǧ겻һ֣ں䶯ȫ
ԣƷ壬һиҪţһЩƷеļȣҲ˺
ˣˣ²ܾģȫ꣬Уᣡ
գµŭİ壬֣ˣȻʣҲֻнʣĻؿУտڲԡ
ȻſˣɲûŵȨֻмۿʣµڵӲϣٳһղŮƷ塣
Ȼȥһʱ䣬ղǲѾȫϣˣȴκһˣ𺮳䡣
ңҲֳܼʱ̣ˣֻһʱ̲ˣһ̣ǿǹأš
ɫģȻ꣬꣬ԼϺŮ
ֳһ̰룬ֳ̣ϺŮϾ飬Ϊɫ̰룬Ҳһ֮ң
벻μˣ죬һ
µ޵Ĳϴߴ֮£һӵľǰҪôĿϲվҪôǻɥ뿪ʧȥʸ
һ

ڣһ
Ѿֻʣˡ
ϻĺŮʷһֻѼӵĻӣ˫ִһ˫ɫ׵Ļ꣬ԼüĿµ
죬ӣȫʧȥʸ񣡡
µĮص
״ŮԲһǰС
ˡ
ɫУˮӿ·ܵʲô̼Ȼʼֲط

ˮӿһĿĽ⣬гֱȻϵƲʶȾ˽ɫ
ʲôǡ콣壿
һ˵ޣ˫ʧɫ૵ص
ˣҲҲ޷ƽȫݣ˫ĿؿŮ
¥УƱǵ⾪һɢǿ󲨶֮ĿȻתһȦ䵽Ůϡ
漴һ֮̾
Ƭ̺ɫʯ֮⣬ƿȻһͬɽһľ޴ϢǵضӰһǰ󣬻롣
վں֮ߣһȻĺŮ۷ž⡣
ʲô֣
Ӧѩ飡
ŮվĿƳһۣȻص˿֮ɫ
֣
߽ͣУһϢΪӴһɫҹٵµޣԥ֦
Ӧѩ飬Ϊ֮һʥٷϰˣԸΪʦ
չأֻҪͷܳΪ˵״ӣֱš
ҡ
ŮҪڣȻһЦȻ˺ӣʥٷȥ
ŻȻ䣬ɫʯ֮УӰһ˻ûлعʯ룬ȻһɫǳۣͷתįӰ
ֻʣĿǣվˣҲʯеĹ⻪
һӰȴɢһɿµķϢƺиأ£ʯΪԵ͵ĵӣʱһɱѹƵɫ԰ףס
˵ޣԼǰӰҲһɫ䣬ѿڶ콣ˣ
ǵį޻ӰĿ˺ŮۣǾ߰ϻ֮һۣ漴Ȼڣ콣壬ѩȻ鴫
Ӧѩ飬콣ԭ棬ԸĳΪʦѧϰϽ֮
Ը⣡
һΣŮû˿ԥֱӵͷ
ӰԷŭȻһȫ·ǻתݺĵ޻Ӱȴ޿κΣֻ¶֮ɫͷȥ
ãã콣ֻһ赣ˣǱΪʦɣ
䣬ֻįޣȻһ֣ʱһɫ⣬ƷɳŮס·ʮſɫǳƵĳ
ӰһΣ˲仮գӰȥ
״ԭֻһȺĿɿڴһ𾪵ڵӣԼ¶ĽĿ˵ޡ
û뵽콣壬콣˳أӦѩĺ۵ӣҲԵˡ
Ҳֵˣ콣һǿƣѹܳΪһ鴫
գ콣ֵôһţδزܳΪʦ֮һ콾֮һȺǰ񡣡
ҵһӣֻҲǴﲻȸ߶ˡȺǰһǾţ˵ʦ֣˵󡢻λʦ㣬֮ǰ壬ǰȺǰУҲֻܾĩλеʮˣʮλ
ûʦ֣Ϊ⣬Ⱥǰаɽﲢ֮ףף
ǰǰ˵ʦ־ǰѾȥ˿֪֮ܲܳɹƱݣǰŴݣμӿսһ֮
˵۷׷ףɸ̾ǿееҲǲĿ¶⣬¶ȡ
콾Ⱥǰ񣬿սЩʣ̫Զ̫Զˣ
˭йֿ
ˣ˵棬ˣҵҲӦŬǿޣȡгһգȺǰ񣬲ƱݣҲҪΪһŰɡ
һ
¶ͷ֮ɫһ֡
УѾһţδǲΪʲôǰһ
ӡµµתһ£Ŀ΢ȥ
ֻһְֻ״֣źС˽ȥ
꣡
ʼʱ޶ֻһ졣
ǼڴʱȻһ֣΢΢⣬Ƭ̣ٴȥ
ţȻҲǵ֮һȻֻƷ壬Ҳ㲻ˣأ
µֳһ˿⣬ڵ
Ү
Ӷʱһ߸ߣϲ֮ɫȻ˵ֻҪأֱܲţǶҪˡ
֮ǰѾȥʵӣĽȻһۣһɷ֮
Ӵˣǽͬˡ
һ
µ޼ڵĿʣµˡ
Ŀһۣ۹۱ǣǹģһʼ˳ȥ
Ҫ֣Ϊ׵µ޵ףУ
Ҫô
Ŀ¶һ˿⣬΢Цתͷʵ
ߣӣֱӸȥʸ񣡡
״ΣֻõǰԼϵֻɫס
һժ˿ֻƣ漴޲ɵһ˫Ŀɣŵŵš˳岽
˵ޣҲ¶ݡ
ֻֻƣȻ˴ССİ̺ۣһС籭ڣСףЩطʼѪŧⷭ
Щ˰̣ǻգĳֶҧеһ֣Ѿã裬һָܻɫ
˵ɲûһ˿⡣
⡭
һĻ˵޶ȫûԤϵµ˫Ŀһɣ˺һĿ¶ɫ˻ƵصƱ


23 
УԴһ˿ɬһ˿ɡ
һ֮Ȼλɼҵ¶صı飬Ʊ⵽ʲôط
졣
ʯңѻȸ
·֣ӵʲôħΰľ
˶һǻԶЩ
״һЦҾ˵ɣǷҪҽ⣬⣬һ鶼ûˡ
˵꣬Ҳ˱ȵĿ⣬һ죬㽫ֻƲǰİɫˮС
ͣ
ҵıŻǧٿ׵ƣѸӡ
ŤȻܵľʹǱ˵ǧٱȻ۾ɲһ˿ʹ֮ɫԴһ˿ܣһ˿졣
ģɫˮأʼңڣӣȻΪһƬڣ·һ̶īˮ͸һľĺ䡣
⡭
˵ãŲòεصԶ塭ˣأ
ԣٺ١һЦưγ˵½Ƿɫ״ϣȻߵһߡ
ȻһΣٿ˫ɫʱͲĽǿ־壬һ˿ͬˡ
һ
µȻЩƲסԼķŭĿȺ֮УΨһʣµһˡ
ԣһЩԥգ˵ĿУ󲽣ȥ
ɫˮǰһվϣδȫһѩ֮ˡ
Ȼ޾壬ֻЩЩȻȻģԼƣ뵽ǰǰɫˮС
ǳɣǰܣڴһ٣
ʹڴһʱ̣Ҳá顱죬ԿƣʵǣһεĹؿ̫Ҫ
ҲһʧܣĻᣬһ·ףϣ
ݣܣ
ĵ˻
һƽ羵ˮδδκι⻪
˵Ŀ¶֮ɫתĿ⣬ϸֻʣ㼴
Ȼȴ֣ףȻϼѣԳһȣȻûʲô壬ǣֳһʱ̣ҲһҪ

ҧʹУѾǣģ·𶼶˱˪ƾУһϸ΢ĺצģ˼άƱס
ȻҧˣȻΣ
ֳһ̣ԶûаŵϣӴˣɷΪһ鷲ˣ
һϢȥϢȥϢȥ
ף
ȺãΪܿнļ˵ޣͬʱ¶֮ɫعͷһĻ
һµĿһ䣬ס֣ٲ˿ôȥɹֳһ̣弡ҲȫϵӴΪһˣţʲôã
Ȼҧ֣ͷԽԣκѪƺҲѷⶳס
ã
ɫ԰ףȫ˪ǵӣ˵޽Ŀ¶ɫ龪ɣˣҲ¶һ˿⡣
֮죬ڤڤеһ
ûһʹٸߵʣкã
ڳ֮ˣʱõģˣȻ⺮УֲϢоܲˣæ˳
ЩӼ͵ģҲֻǿϼϢһоܲסҪˣ֮ΣҲæ˳
Ȼ֮⣬һҪֳһ̵ģȴ޽Уһˣ
Ǹ˵Զˣֻ˵޴׳գ
ʧȥˣõһУкã
ĬĬֻţǸ£ü۵ȻĵӣԼһԵ
ʱһһֹȥڣһγɳ£һɳ©ѾϣһʱѾͨ
һɣҲֲס˫һգ˳ȥ
һµһѾߣһѽסֻеĴˣѾȫӲ˿ǴԵ
״ҵУһԪ͸ƶֱڣתƬ̺˻أڣ
޴
µؿһۣͷҲأԾ޶֮УҲһۡ
ȻȻȻȴͬ
أ
һЦҵ·ע᫿һ㲩ҲûУǾһ˿ԵҲҪʧȥˡ
۹⣬壬翹ѡ
ڼ˿ۼ
ڴʱµ޵Ŀ⣬Ҳڴʱɨһʣµˣָ㣬㣬㣬㣬㡭һʮˣʽͨһء
һأ۳̶ȣһƷ緢˿Ʒ磬ƷϸƷĴָƷ£ȫ̭
ˣûмֳһʱߣûطߣȫ뿪þ
˵꣬µתĿ⿴ҲʣµЩӣתߣޣҲͬ顣
һ̿ʼЩûͨһߣʽɵ֮·պлԵ򣬴ԶֻܳΪһ鷲ˡ
״Щ֮ǰΪη֮ģټһȦȴֵĻ˵壬ֱ֮Σģ޲صͷ
ǰ޵ؿһҶһƾʲôҪǿͷҪ£һأ
㣬ҲԵ˱˵΢
Ϊͨ˵һأͨĹؿһرһؼѣʣͨʣµĹؿҪһ̭ο
Щߺ޲ƽ߲Ѻڵĵӣȫһִ´ߣУֻʣʮˣ㿴㣬ҿҡ
˶һϲɫ
µ޽ʮ˴һʯҡ
ʯУһųʯϣһöͨ͸ԲĻҰʯ顣
һصԼȫеԪȫעʯУѹ
۵ĵԽϸԽ񣬳ɼԽߡ棬һʼ
ǡ
ŵһǰܿ죬ʯУһϢ󣬻ϢձĴָϸ
ͷ֮亹ޱŬҪٴѹ޷ɹȻ¡
Ʒ£ǿͨһ
µޱ飬ڡ
ڶǰĵӣʯ飬һɫʯ֮ڣȻƬ̣۵Ԫ˿ǳһָ֮ôŬҲѹˣȻ¡
Ʒ£
ǰĵӣ֮ǰˮ̵ľꡣ
ɹԼĵʯУѹһϸ״λƷõΪµ޵Ŀ϶
ӵϺŮϾ顣
עĿ£ֻʯеĵȻ۳ֻһСµĿŹ⣬ޡ
漴壬ˣһһԹȴŮĳɼ
ˣֻƷƷˣٴȥгһȻ
ڰˣȴ֮ǰҵꡣ
ֻʯ飬ʯУһɫѹȶϸĳ̶ȡ
Ʒϣͨһ
ٴֳһ˿ϲɫȻǳŮ֮⣬츳ڶ֮ܳˣ벻עѡ


24 Ϊͽ
ھţʮʮһ
ʮˣǸһֶ֣նյĻ꣬һȥסʯ顣
Ƭ̺ʯй⻪һһɫâȻֻһϸ
ۿһĻڳ˽ԲɴһΪ׵µޣ˫Ŀ΢У⡣
ţǿĵƷУͨ
£ɨһۻ꣬Ц
״ʣǼǰЦһֱȺдʯ֮ǰ
ֻһ֣֮ϵöʯ㼴ԾУ΢£ԪϢһʯ֮ӿȥ
Ƭ̺ԪϢȻһ廨С˸ҵĹâ·ֻҪһӣ㼴ܴǽƱڣʯģ
״ʯңһƬ͡
µޣҲ˼飬૵벽һƷǰ벽һƷֻ벽֮ңˣţҲĶ츳ֻϧϧ
Ҳ֪ڿϧЩʲô
ͨ
£ɨһǻ꣬ʱ֮ǰһĻ꣬亹ʱ乶£ϵЦݣʧøɸɾֻʣɫ
ңҡ
Уֻʣˡ
һ꣬ԼһŮ
ʣһۣ꣬ŮȺϣһƷУ£һ˸պƷ룬ǿء
ˣȫֻʣһˡ
˵Ŀⶼעӹȥ
Ȼһȴ·ǧöʯ֮䣬̧һ½Ų
ɫ԰ףĿ룬ǵһЩηˡ
ʹ֮ǰҲûбֵ˲ôˣ
˲⣬Ȼʱ䲻ˣµһٸƬʱ䣬ǰ̳̽Σ󡭡
һƺ˹һãȻı飬ǰʯȻ磬ɫ㱣ȻȻûѹӡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
ɺ
µڶʱб㲻ɶʱ⡱һ£˲õԤС
ʣϼѣƾҲǿԹء
۵ʣڳһЩѱȷķϲҲ硣
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôֹǳڣҲһݣ
֪
Թ
Ҳܽ۳һһǴϸһ
ǣĵһעʯУȴԵޱȷɢ˵һܲܽ£һ𣬶һδ֪
⣬һֱܡ
ҲŴαھܾԭ
޷۳·ЩԼƣ
ɫ԰ףǰؽƸʯ顣
Ȼͬ龰ٴγ֡
ͺ龰һʯУһֲӣʵϢ
ȻЩӣʵϢôôʹôƣһ޷£
ʼʱһߣǱƷˣȻһ㼴Զֿã
ʯУʹâţ޷γһɡ
˵һһָһ磬һϸˣ

ѱʯ˿У֮ǰЩʧܵĵӣʱһ·˹ң̲סЦ
ʧܣҲ磬ƺȥһͷʧܵӰ
µޣµޣµ޵ˣҲһһ˼飬ɫ
ǻĴδδš
ɣ
һµޣЩ̵ؿڵ

һδεش߶ȥʯеЩȻЩȴ·֮һ㼴ܡ
Խ죬ʵܵԽԶԽҡ
ʯУ
˶һˮùȴƺԶԸͣЪꡣ
ô˶ˣһˣΪʲôҪ˼֣
һ£ô

Ȼ䣬ʯһ̾Ϣ˶ѾԤϵ
츳ܱա
˵󣬾ڣҲһ˻š
޵ͽһǽˡ
ߣҲ޼᲻ݣɢ֮Ϊ֮Ϊâ֮Ϊ⣬֮Ϊ
һؾһƣһն񷣬һϲã
ߣԴۺɢ̣Ϻ£ߺͣԶ
ƣһҪء
Ʋˣ̸ʲôʲôɣ֤ʲô
ԣκһУκһֹǽԵĿԽǿԽãƾԽϸܲǿ
ˣѧϰǿĹӵиǰ;
ҲǸУУ඼һԭ֮һ
Ȼ˵󣬾ǧʱУҲûгֹΡ
˵һҲûУ
⣡
ѾֻͬĿ⣬ˡ
껹һһ飬ñ׾ľĶһһسԣԸʧܡ
һΣΡ
ʮΣٴΡ
ǧΡ
ȻĶ˵УȴЦ
ˣ
Ϊ׵µޣֳһ˿ͷʱѾȥô࣬ΪһƷ£ʧܣڣ
ԣѾУʱʣµˣͬ͸ˡ
Ȼһȴû˿־ȻģһԪϢ³βسԣͬʱֳ֮ɫ㣬һΣ㣬ٸһλᣡ
ˡ
ధȻµ޶УȴֻɫĮ
ûõġ
ڵٸʮΣٴΣһǧλᣬҲһ뿪ɣ飬ߣϣ㲻ҪظеΣ
ҲʧܣһҪԣһΣԡ
תµޣУǸԪϢ³Ը뿪Ƿʯ
ϳȥ
µ޼״ɫתͷ
ʱ룬ߣ˫ƣ˫۴ȥҪȥ
飡
һȦһֳӰˣ״߶ŭҷ
ž
һ죬ؿһţ³һѪ顱һɳȥɫʱɷס
Ȼ֮Уȴɽöʯһ߷עԪϢһߵʯеĵԸ֡
״µ޵ٴһĮ
ٴԾϡ
ۼٴǰһһң˫ƣǯס˫ۣǰȥеĹâڿȥ
ֱʯ֮УеĵɢһţɷԲ
ѵ⣬ҵ
ѵעɵԵ
ǣҺ䲻ʣ֮ޣңΪȴֶ˲̣ϣȴֽǰɱ
ңʰ
ۣ˫ƽ߬סյɫһƬ԰ס
Ȼ߬סٶǻԪڵʵٲʣΣȴҲֻΪ
ڴʱʯſڣ֪ʱվһᵭ·ƵİŮӡ
ֻڵûԸ㡣
ңΪͽ


25 ֮һ
ţ
µȻͷ漴Ƽʲô˼飬ɫ÷ǳѿ㡭ʲô
ŮӣԼʮᣬһϮ䣬䣬·ԣվ˼䡣
ֻصղŵΪһһӣѵҲУ
µ۾˸ĪĹâⲻϹذɣ꣬ƺûͨŵӿˣ
ŮĿⲻƺı飬˵һԼ״ӣͨ걨ȻˣΪͽкβɣ
⡭
µһʱ
漴¶Ц֮һǵ˵زûԸ룬ķϲҲҪȻǷˣá
µ޷̵ĻŮȴޱ飬һ䣺ƺ޹ء
˵꣬һתȻǰ˶ûôȥģһ˫峺ͬϪˮӣڵ
㣬Ըҵĵ𣿡
Ը⣬Ը⣡
ҸûϵԼţɻ룬ȴͻȻͻ
ʱŮΣʲôݣֻҪԸԼΪͽǰǵɽ𺣣ֽԨҲԥظȥ
ˣǱ߰ɣ
ŮӿҲʣµЩһۣתߣȹϵأͷ·һŵˮ
ԣԥѿЮ֣һ֮䴩ԽŰŮ뿪ķ׷ȥ
һǰһ󣬺ܿʯʧӰԭأֻһѴ۵СۣĿɿڴˡ
Щ֮ǰʧܵģǺڲ֪ô룬˻ԵҲˣ
ϧԵʧǸСߣģ£Ҳ뼰ˣ˽Ժ޵ȴֺڲ
µޱ˵ӣɫγˮɨ֮ǰһЩʧܵĵӣͳٸвߣ˫ȣӳȥ
ǡ
Ҳһƣݺݵˣ״ͷ޲һ㣬ĸҷ׷׸ȥ
ԭֻ°ˡ
꣬꣬꣬ӣŮԼȵ꣬һ֮꣬һŮ
ˣ˲ԣ¼ϼʹǿƸŵԼǰ콣ߵŮУɹߣȻҲֻȲʮˣ
˱ʵڴĿġ
ɴҲɼ飬ɵ飬Ҫ̤ϳ֮·ͱǧɱһ·
·ʬɽת˲ϧû
һӴ˱Ե·ˡ
ŵʮˣǵǰ;ֽأ
û֪
֮󣬽зѡѡ岻ͬѡѡΣѡߣʽšѡʸĵӣֱţֱѧϰ
壬ղ˵Ļ塣ңԺҲᣬǰ˵𣬷򣬾Ϊɣмǣмǣ
ʣ°ˣЩף֮⣬Ϊֶһ壿
ͬʱΪʲôһ壬ȴֲͬΪϣҲڷѡ֮У
µǺںڵɫȴԴûһ˿ѯʡ

ʦʦȵң
ʦʦΪʲô֮Уûл֣
ʦʦ
ں׷ᣬŮǰ滺ߡ
ȻֻŲߵüÿһ·ɴڷ磬ǵǹΣȻɢ
ʹʹȫ׷֮ϣԽԽԶ
ͷðȻǰǵӰȴѾԼֻܼһӰȴԸҧ׷
ڣǰһʧȥŮӰ
׷һ̣δɾɥڵأѵԼһϣҪڴ
ĿһȴȻ֣ǰһ޴ͭ
ͭɰɫʯͭ죬ɢŵĺ⡣
ֱʱŷ֣֪Ůӣ˹Ÿ󣬽뵽˺ס
ȻͷϿգһĻ·֣ˮȫܵ⣬⺣׵£Ȼڵء
޴󣬸ɽ壬Ļ֮У߻ͣųһš
Уһϣɹ⣬ϼתʾһɼɣɽμ׾ȴԵЩ壬¶ȡ
޴ͭʹϡ
ţңһͭɫľңȻʮǣ˾֮ϣȴδκһֺۼƺǿյġ
һ޵Ȼһң
ʣȴҶʣ׷ȥƬ̣ڷ֣ŮӣѾ֮ͭĿԶǰ
ǰ޵֮ǧԶһ޴ĺɫǳأ̽ޣ·棬ޱ޼ʣֱ쵽ҰͷȻտ䣬ƺѾķá
ͭʦ˳ĿȥһĻ̲סʵʦʲôط
ŮһƺڻعɫЩӣһۣԥһ£ǴҲһ޴ŵĵַλо֮ס
Ϊ̫ҰԵŭ˵ʱİ˴ɣ֣串𣬺γڵļžַ
ʱİ˴ţѾžڵĴ󲿷ݺöһգһЩصĵطƣһʱԾ򡣡
ʦڴˣ˵ؾͳһյأмž档
ܴﵽԪҲлС
ž棿
һɻʣû˵ʹڳĵط˶꣬Ҳǵһ
Ůûж˵ȻȻΪʦҽһ°ɣҲҶ㲻һ֪
ǡ
Υ棬ٵĽԼһ飬ŮӾ꣬δκμ⡣
Ƭ̣ҲգʲôΪΣ񣬶ΪһΨһĵӡ
Ϊͽʵûʲôԭ򣬲ǿǿЩңң㱻Щѹ裬˶ѡ
ҲģȻѶǾʦͽ֮ʵΣ㶼ΪõΨһӣҲһΨһˡ
ȳ֮ӣӳ̳һһ洫һúý㣬˽ġ
ǡ
֪ΪʲôŮӾȻῴǷϲԼԭǶ˲֮ģажȴδ෢һԡ


26 ϴ
ͬʱʽ֪ʦʵ֡
ã
Ȼˣһ䣬Թʮ塣
һ֮һ֮һԴǰһ䣬ΪĴڡ
ڣӦֻ֪һʱĻ˰ɣ
Ůɫƽʹ˵Լһ֧£κв֮״
ֻ˵ʹ˶ϡ٣߷֮һǺʵ飬ֻǲٲ£Ҳͽ֪
գȳΪһϯӣȨ֪ЩʷպȻ͡
棬Ҽһ£һּԼѧĵƣ
ǣʦ̻塣
Ҿݵ
Ůӿһۣϲһ壬ϰǻָֻ֮أһǧɱǰҲһʱ
ǽ֣ԽԽСԽԽһű˥ܡ󣬵һ죬ֻʣһˡ㣬ǳ֮⣬壬ʣĵڶˡ

ʹԤϣһ£ЩԾˡ
û뵽ټ߷֮һ壬ȻˣȻֻʣʦˡ
⣬廹˥ÿ԰ѹµԼУõĳ֣ô֡
ŮӲı飬˵·ޱȼѣʹȥˣܽҲԶ糣ˣԶﲻߵľ硣ԣٸһλᣬѡ£뿪
һ£ҪΪһһμ̳еӣеһ彫̵ķչΣһ뿪Ӵһκιϵ
£
ԣԥص
á
ŮؿһۣҲ֪ļᶨЦ޴Լ·ȥ
ֻ˵֮ǧ򻯣ģָҲԷģõûô򵥡
һУ˵ҵħʵĪĵľһ֮·
ľģ壬飬ôȵù˵ѣ
ȿϣ˵ɼֻüˣտ
ԣ޵ӦΪ޵޵Ϊ˸õĻţĻţˣ壡
Ɑϴ裬ӴˣһӣִƼ̳һ彫ͳΣҪļˣ
һ֪ʱŮϣһյױ
ױӣϵӨ͸
Уһ͸ɢŨŨ裬˱ǣӯĶƱѣݸ
ӹһʱо˻ͨ͸徧Ө·һ˲䣬ȥһ̥ǵĸолһɡ
֮ôȻڲͬ
ص
ϴϴԴ˺쳾һԶȥɵǰ򿪴š
á
ȵϴ裬Ůһջأʧס
ֻٴοڵֻ֮ÿɼСǹ涨Ҳ޷⡣
֮⣬һ޹أҲûҪ£ֻ谲ɡ
ţһŻܸ٣գĬǱ죬պһ㡣
֮Уڶ࣬ѡһ䣬㲻ɽ֮⣬ңԿΪ֮Ӵƽʱ£Ҫңʣһѯ
ԱϣŮӳһ׹Ųᣬ漴һΣԾ¹ŵһΣͭϿղ
״Ц
˲εʦҲټţǶ䡣
еⱾ׹Ųᣬ㳯ϵġܸ֡ĸɫϿȥ

ҹ˪ףմĿ
ŵУһʯңϥ£漴⣬ĬĬ˼
Լɹ󣬲ȴΪܻӭһ֮ΨһӣңһҲ֪׵ʦ
ܽţǽ
ʣģֻпԼˡ
뵽ĿһѾ˾
һǱ׹Ųᣬܸ١ٴγġ
ǰⱾ׹Ųᣬ˼
Ϊã
ν֣༴飬ʵΣ룬Ӱþˡ
Ψ仯á
ĳ֣ԻϷԴڽ̣׵磬ˮɽӣԿɳΪһ֡
Եͺ϶ԵɢһʵԣʿԻá
Ƿҵ˵
˵ʵһ۷һƭļܣ㾫ԽǿԽǿ
֮ء
һһ۾
һ˫ָ
Լľ
ĲǱΪǽһ֮֮仯ԾҪʵǺҪ
Ȼֻдʵһ;ԣʵԽǿʹõĻȻԽǸ߽ס
ԣʵͬǸܸˡ
øⱾܸ١һгʮš
Уרָģָ
רͫģ֣ħͫӡͫͫѰͫ͸ԴͫսͫԼһ֣֮ͫ
󣬾ĵͽ׷ţˮԼӳ·
˶ΪСѣʼ֮ʱȲ޹ȸָ֮
Ի֮ԽԽǼѣԽԽû䣬١
ܸ٣ףЩˣ׹С
õ
ΪþֻԻɱˣʵˡ
ʹ˷裬ʹ˿ʹ˲ҪԼ֣ɱ֮䣬ܰѶֱԼս
ľѧܱģ
ңҲǾûд͵͵Ļһ۴ɽӣһĿ£ʮָԽɽΪΪþɾٱ仯һ֮
ָ֮䣬һۿƣɽӵת
ǣص
־磬ȻҲ˶ܴﵽġ
ˣѾ۾
û뵽Եʺϣֻ֮һ󣬾ѧǿĹ
õõһ죬ܽڻͨ
뼰ˣϥ£աܸ١еҪ󣬿ʼͫ
Ժ֮Уͫתĵһܸ٣ļָķ
壬ģ죬Īۡ
£˵ڣұҪΪҵǰ;һ
תۼ䣬ʱһζš


27 ©޺
ѾʦãԼĵˡ
Уһֱûг֡
Ҳûȥ
ֻһĬĬ
죬峿
ף
һˮɫĻסˮףգ·һֻشŵĺ룬С
޴󣬸ɽ壬Ļ֮У߻ͣųһš
УһϣͭɢΡ׳֮⡣
֮ͭ
ɫ⣬£ֳ֮һƬ뵲ɫ·þ
ͷ죬һʱͬţһ㣬糯ӿСſһȫ븹С
ܣۼǽɢʱѹվ
һϵٴαڣ۾жһһ߳ĺâ𵱳ںڻµף־ࡣ
Ļع鵤Щâֻ߶ʱ򣬲Żٴγ֡
ͷϿա
֪ʱԼʦҲٴγ֣ͭһǣĬĬԪ
Ƭ̣һѾࡣ
Ǳܸ٣ˣ
Ѿȫ졣
ҵϽش
ã
һЩţ漴ڵҿ㣬Ϊ֮ͫ
ԥػصħӡѰ͸Դս
ţ
ѵõؿһ䣬漴ٴʵǻҪָʲô
Ҫָ˫ʮָۣ뾫Ϊдʵд⣬дġ
˿֮ʵνʵ
ʵߣҲԣ滭ƣڶͯڡΪɽɽˮˮ
Ϊ⣿
ٴʵ
ƺҲУ裬Ƿٻش𣺡˼ζһ磬Ѿ˸˵򣬵Σָʹ
ʱɽѲɽˮѲˮɽˮɫָ̣κɳȤ֮ɼˡ
Ϊģ
ٴβ˿֮ʵ
Ҳٴκԥؿٻش˵ģģΪġľΪ⣬ɼ߾̹³֮ԻӺΪɣ˼Ϊдġ
Իһдʵƣд⣬ƣдģѾĻãǧ򻯣ֱָġ˼Ϊ
ţ
ƺ˼Ѿܴ챾ܵĻشҲһ⣬һݾϲ
ڵͷţѵʱ䣬˵زңܸճҲһ¡
ֻǿʼĪ֮һɽɽˮɽɽɽˮɽٵɽˮˮˮ˼̬УС
ǡ
ϽشĳĹѵʾ
ΪʦҪúÿ㣬Ϊβ۵
һص
ǣлʦ
Դԣʱдϲæ͵ϥ£ڴ
ûж˵ֱӿڵ˫Ŀ鵤һش̫ҡ
ԣԶΪܿ죬˾翣·ܵĻΪһ塣
״áסһЩȣ˿ܻ츳ҲӦò̫ŶԣΪǰǵ
ûж룬ϥ棬һֻƣüġ
ָŴŴһֻжͷ·һƬ΢΢һ
öʱŭһرģ
һݣعŬȥһ𣬳֮ӿ
ţ
ϸ˰Σ÷ƣɫá
ôн֮ڴʵ
ǹϵպܲϰǿ̤߾ĸɲš
š
óһ£ŴЩϹŴ˵еġ©޺塯Ʋǡ
ɫ̾һ͵˵еİ©޺壬һɸһʲô浹ȥɢȥ룬ֻ΢Сһ˿Ԫڣǧ֮һѹ˻㡣
ϹʣѾ罣ƵǹЩѧΪ䡣ֻ㵽ǲǣҲ׼
ұѧϰ𣿡
Щʧʵ
ϾվһѧϰվΪ󺶡
ü˼һ£ţҪ˵֮Ҳ˵ȫûУҵǼܶá
ǼǰʧؾˣѰһᣬܴܲнȡʹһ¡
ʲô
ʵ
ÿһۣʵУվ̣ǵΪϹԽ˵ĵԶΪһҲ֮һעڡ֮ۡķš
һժ£ٴδԭΡ
ʧ꣬Ҳ֤һҵֻ˵һԡ
˻ʧڣӵռƣֻÿ²ܿ
һοʱ䣬Ѿȥһλᣬڻаꡣ
УҪ׼
ɣЩʱգԼȥѰһЩбرƷ֮ΪȣͨҵĿˣҾٽн׻
˵꣬һУļ䣬ƿԼһɫ˿ʰᡣ
֮ϣǡĸ֡
ƿҸġУɫƿУһƷ൤ɫƿУһƷն£԰ѧϰõ
õݣҩãٽΪٶȣҪϾʱ֣ǰȥȡһЩ׬ȡһЩ׵ǮҩԴ
²ģȥ󣬻һЩ׵㣬𡣻ߣֱӶȡ鼮ѧϰ
֮У˼Ϊһõ֮Уʮ䴡ԼǸԵ֮úգ֮ұػ
ǣллʦ
ижԵص
ʦδ뿪ƺͻȻʲôͷһۣȻЩʵˣʦΪʲôͭû֣
⣬ڵһռ˴ѯˡ
ţ
ûͷͷĳͭҶһۣ۾Ȼʮįȴֲһ˿ᣬһݵ
ʮǰͭɣ˵ҿһȥȴҲûлʮ֮ȴ벻˵ýɶԾһֱҲϰˣߣԼȡְɡ
۾һһ£ҿ˵䣬˼ϣȡ㺮ɡ
㺮
૵һ֪ΪΣϺȻֳһ˿ѻɫ
Ȼ𣬷һݣ͵֮ϣɿָд
Ƭ̺Ĵ֣ϣһ亮˪֮
ǡ㺮֡
ҲãҲտ̫ˣ㺮
ˣ
˫һ֣ɽ壬𵴣·һɹɺľ
ӣԭֻһ˵ʦȻͬһֿ̻ȥ
㺮
૵صɢУȴԼҲ塣
ˣ֮󣬱ضʱҪУĻʲô̶ȣ͵
ףǸԼ˵İӰȻһΣһ̣Ѿǰʧ
״Ȼʧȴֲһ˿ڴ
֪ʦܴܲؾΪԼѰö˵ʧϹܣǸöã
漴ҡҡͷ
Լôô룬ʦΪԼȥƴðգԼȴΪʦģֻ뵽ԼǸ
Һûаʱ䣬ʦȫ׼Ӧɣ
ϣʦȥһƽǧ£
ʱöϹҵȻãҲԼҲֻˡ
֮Уʦδ֮ǰһҪú۷壬ʦ
ȥıӰ˫Ŀ˲¶˾ġ


28 ž
ʱƣת˲š
һգۣ֮
ҹ󣬾ɫʮ
Ӻ׾޷֮ϣ̧ͷ⿴ĵƺҲһɴ
ģλãʣ
ˮ¹£㺮ڣһªɾʯУϥУһö͸ʯ顣
ʯУʰϢסҴܣܿơ
ͷ֮ϣĺ飬׿ʼͨ졣
Ƭ̡
žһ죬ʯ֮ϣ֮Ȼһһʯ͸ѡ
۾֮Уڲزȥƣʧ
ʧˣڶʮʧ˰ɣ
һ֣Щѵʯ˿ȥһתͷȴ¡
֪ʦǱߣˣ
ΣգҵЩؾ֮
зңܾģɴߵ⣬һתĬĬһ˴ؿ
ʦȥΣأ˵ϹѾʧ֮ãؾֻʦȥ֮ʱı飬ȻҲʲôƵء
һУһҵԣʦһΣ֮УҪԼŬ飬ܲ뵽취Լѧᵶֻϧһһʧˡ
һβУβСΣʮΡһֱѾһը˶ʮö顯ǲУ
оǲаɣ·߲ͨˣޣת䣬˹ôԶϣ
У𣬽ֻգи֮ĶΡ
ʦӰϸͷ֪ͷԲµӰȻҲһֺʦƽʱһļȡ
Ȼ䣬һ紵һ⡣
ĪģȻһ
͵ؾѹôˣѾȥ죬棬ʦδҼʹаĻڣʱڶ룡
£ѵҾţʲôҲ
ˣ
죬ҾһδʦºҾһ޳ɣʲô
뼰ˣУء
ʱ䣬ֻſԼǷܹ뵽İ취ȴʦȥʱˡ
ңʱڻ
ӽ𣬷飬һ
ʦ֮ʱ׼һѶ󿴵ʱȴһʧ
ݣ
һѾ˲Ʈ£ص׵ʯС
ٴڴ֮ϥá
һһһ̣öƿԼһɫ˿İʱǰ
ɫƿУϴ൤ɫƿУնħն
ԥһģöƿͬʱƿԶ򿪣һһзɳſ͡
֣̯ǰɫᡣ
̯ʱ·һɫɫʳ־õͻأسǰ
Уңʮ֡
ݣˮзɳľ괺£Ұ٣λÿջľ˪ˮӰ龵񡭡
˱ʮĻʽô
ͷ΢ĿȥָҲ֮һһ·
Ƭ̺Ŀ⣬䵽еġӰԼľ˪֮ϡ
Ӱùߵ䣬ҪĲӰﵽ¥¥һЧ
ʵսУܴﵽɱˣ˳ʵξĸо֮Уȴ֪
ľ˪ͬһеֱԻùɱ˵ַ
ѩ˪ʮ
˼ŻİҪּ
˫ۣ
һһֵĶҪ󣬹Ƭ̣ĺָ֮֮趯
Ƭ̺һõָ˫ʮָ֮ԽԽ죬ԽԽȻγһһӰ
ߣɻߵָ֮ϼصĸ߳ϵõ졣
Ƭ֮ܶȻһʯУ·ͻȻúʯֵľ·ͬʱһ˪
˪͸ᱡȴɱ
ͬʱһҶ·ӰԱƮ䣬ƻãƲʵȴַ·ֿɼ

ʱһһֹȥһʦָħͫԼԼľ
һߣʼþ֮ϼصʮ
ʼ֮ʱչɾͼޣмʧܡ
ǣأָĽԣͫҲ֮۾·һ⡣
˫ʮָҲӱ仯ģԽԽ·ԼӦ
ָˮٻţá
ģͷӰԼľ˪ôޱȣǵĸ
һգۣһ¹ȥ
һУڽʮн룬ȫо͸ȫգţýһ£һܽʣҲһȫɡ
һ죬ھȥ͸͸úһķ羰
˵Դʽʼûкúóȥ͹һء
߳ͭµû壬֣濴֪䣬ȻߵոսʱǴ޴ɫǳط֮ϡ
ǳزƣ˼·տį£屻һ޴ĺɫֵţ·вسǣǽڲǽ
ʹֻΧɸо޴ǳصӴԼʢ
񣬵һţڴڣͽȴ˥䵽һֵز
տ䣬ȫޣΪ˱˵һԵ㡣
ɱ̾
˵Ϣߣ뿴ɫǳط棬ж
ţʱ·Ȼһǰ洫
ǰһ޴ĺɫʯ߸ʹǧԶɼ
ʯ֮˸ʺ֣Ŀģɢ裬·£˼䡣
أž棡


29 
һ߽һɽɣɭϣţ䣬ָ
ɫǳطУУֽɵӰܣ߶裬ֲӰ졣
Щ
ֻһۣȻһɪ궼ƺҪѹֻлԪܽ롣
ЩԭžڵĵӣϣԹĪγɣɱ֮
ǿڱʲô
߽һȺΧ£۷׷ס
ţ
Щһ¶ЦݣҲˣ±ħʴ꣬һô
Ǻǣĳģء۶δ¼ӣҲ֪һ壬˲أ
ЩϣһѪӴԨ͸һϲãϢ
һۿȥԪԪԪ
ЩˣÿһȻȫǻԪǿߣ󲿷ݶǻԪڣڣֻʵ͵ģΪԪڣҲлԪкǿ߰֡
⡭
ͷ𶯣
ڳ֮УԪڣѾһ֣Ԫڣ۷ڡ
Ȼڴ˴ЩԪȴ·ҪǮһ㣬ǣ·ûлԪ˼ڴ˴
ңǵͣûһʮ꣡
ÿһǶʮ߽ӽʮļֻʮ꣡
⣬ǰ˴֮һʵѹֳڣ
ңȻʹͬΪԪЩں쳾деĻԪǿߣŵеĻԪǿߣλҲǽȻͬġ
еĻԪϾһܴﵽļޣ۷壬һûʲôһҲѲĽˡ
Ԫһ뾭һССС·̣Ϊ
ЩˣܿͻԽԪѨ﷨ľ硣
һˣһ
ɽĲпᣬʵڽţЩһǿߣֺαίȫΪһЩеĴ֣Ϊĥ
ףʱܳģ϶Լʦʦˣ˲ҵǰһ
Щˣƺ˲μȴ
ЩҲûʲôȤһɫȻѳһѷ죬һЦݣһչԻΪһɺ裬ɫȥ
Ѹɺ裬ܿʧһٶȿþˡ
⣬ǻԪʵ𣿡
о̾Ҳһ˿ֱȫ뿪ʧٴοǿɫʯ߽һ
ȴ֮ǰΧ۵Ķǿɫʯ֮һʯ֮ϣ
Ӹߵͣнˣǡ
һɱ27500
ڶѩѣɱ16800
ףɱ8675

ãɱ6752
ڰھʮ
ڶʮһɱ4685
ʮ봨ɱ3588
ھʮɪɱ2654

һֱɱһ٣
ʲô
漴ͷӦ˹ΪЩ֮ԣһѪɫ壬Ŀġ
žʬ
ӴУѪȣŰϢ
žʬʲô
о㵣ϸ˰Σ׹һԭˡ
ԭ˼žУ£棬Թ飬һִγ顣
ѹܸоڷУűŰѪȵϢ
ԭΪЩ顣
ĵӣȥμȻҪЩ򽻵ҪøõĳɼͱòϵĻɱЩļž顣
ˣ˾͸ǧеĵӣõĳɼ֣ų˴һžʬ񣡡
ÿһ֣ǴĿĵһ飬ЩǿȻǿɱ֮󣬵õֶֻһ
Ҳ˵һڶĺѩѣ׵ˣÿǻɱ˽飬ŻĿĳɾͣ
ţ
ˣѩѣ֣ôû˵
ס
Ȼһ㶣ΪȻ֣е졣
쿼ˣɫʯУǼ˵ޣ콣ͻȻ֣ߺŮ󣬼и̾˵֡
ףϯӣȺǰߺУ֮ף
˳ơڡ죬أ񣬹ˡһ
ĳɾͣҲͲˡ
⻹ǰ棬ұȷ˾޴ˣǺηʥ
оȣѩѡ䣬ȷԼû֡
ֻпգʦһˡ
ûжת·ȥ
Ŀǰľ绹̫Զֻ²ܵõջ񣬷ɱ֮
ˣԺл˻Ԫ˵
ģԶ˼ž棬ͷĸоʧ߷֮¡
һתûֱӻػ壬ȴ߷֮һƬ޴İ㳡ȥ
ףĸˣҲѵǷ岻𣿡
ǰǰĸ˳̶ȣҲЦˣ
һϮ£ЩɫУԵʮۡ
˿·Ⱥʱһ¶Ц۷׷ס
ʱŷ֣Щϴ·ǲһġ
һǿԿ
֡
Щ£żɫСı־
Щǻ£ͷһֻɫĵ¯
Щ£һɫı־
Щ£°·һдĵ֣·ա
Щ˵ĵ
ףֻ££Сһ콣ӡ
£¯ڶ浤塣
ϵı־״ⲢѲ¡
ֻǣΪʲôһ壬û
ѵʦˣ
ߣʦûаɡ
ҲںϴʲôǰȥһƬЦ
ܿ죬һ޴İɫǰ

ʦ˵񷢷֮ˣ
Ҫȥȴһ߹סȵʲôˣصأ˲ý룬أ
ƣ
ʱ㵡


30 ޸οɿ
ƶֲ֪˵ǲǼϸˣץ
ִ£ʱһŭȣ

һͷ亹֪ûƵĻæסλһµִ£ҲȥҲȥ˰ɡһ£ƣֱǸʲô
ƣ֪㻹˵㲻Ǽϸ壬иĶŷΣ콣壬һϮ£浤壬µۣ嵤¯
Ҳ˵Եı־ƣһŽȡպȡ񣬴洢ֵȣҪǽκҪصľԿף١
ЩûУ˵µӣ
ͷ󺹵صʣƣȥ죿
ִ¥ҲҪʣ
ִһ͡
֮ǰڼžʯԣҲ۹Լû飬һЦ
ףţЩ治١
ȻûЩִ󣬻еȵҪطԲܽ롣
ûٸִ¾壬ִ¥ķתߡ
ִµһ㵣ȥıӰԥһ£ûվ׷
Ƭ֮һɫĴǰ
ɭϣһɴڷ緶
ִ¥ɷĴ֣ϣɷĿ
ڵˣ
һۣȷԼûߴ漴߽
һΣû˭ϾÿŵӣҪƵģȱȽǡ
һִ£ͷ
Ŀһɨ˶ñȽԶ̤˹ȥ
ʣǿȡƵĵط𣿡
š
ִ̧ͷһ㵣ֶӦһǰѾˣһģ
ش塣
壿
ִһ㶣漴ЦѻҲҪи޶ȣ弸궼ûչˣǻģ
ǣ
ǲŶԷ۾ޱ̬ش
״ִ²һ㶣ӣ˵Ц
̧ͷϸضۣȻʲôһЩŵ۾
ʢյǸŶ˼һʱ˵©ˡ
ɫһ䣺ֻȡƵġ
ִ´ûϵףûлĵüû˹ˣԼȥһɡƵµģһ£ȥ㷭һ飡
Լһ
ɫʱһڣҪ
ִûֱȥˡ
Ƭ̣䵹ִһ弣İơ
Ʋɣӣһ³ϢȻյľ绪ϡ
֮ϣԿӣУһĴָСġá֣·ڷɡ
ŵǻƣѾϢ룬ֻҪעһ˿ɲ鿴ˡ
⣬Ժȡ񣬻߽һЩҪص֤򲻿ʧҪǺˡ
֪ΪΣո׼ʲôڿöƵһ˲䣬ȴȻһһˮڵĴ
ߵĻȻҲû˵
֮ؽӹöƣȥϵĻҳʱӵ𣬴ʹĿ
öƣݣһ򵥣
䣬صûټƽϵҪԼ£ֻѯʵҪΪѣ
ִԣ۾һת˼תȻЦݵص㻹ʶˡ
ɣŷǱߣһ޸ר˲üƸֻףּ
ȥ˵ҽܵģǸһװɣɶɶֻҪһϵóǻӣСڷãȻԸˣҿûܡ
á
Ҳƽϣתߡ
һתִ¥һ
޸𣿡аص
Ƭ̺󣬾һʯ̳ɵķԽ㳡һɫС¥ǰ
С¥УһɫңȻɫ˿֯ɡ
֮ϣ޸֣ǰ
Ǵ˴ˡ
һףһۣ漴ûԥֱ˽ȥ
Ԥеȫͬ˸ȥ˶䣬壬ȻһҲûС
ֻ̨һŮǰش
ι
ӣе
š
̨Ůع̧ͷһã˭ʲô
㲻޸ƹ𣿡
ܵĻֿ˿ǰһԺò仹㣬ȴһû˯ӵŮüʵ
ŶǣֻƹĻƣʲô𣿡
ŮƺԤеʲôãһת飬תڵ
ԣһɣڵŶǹǰһ

Ů۾һʵʲôģʲôʽ
ִ¥ִµҪ˵ˣ˵һԼԸȻһͨŵϴһֻ־ԸһЩ
ŶĳʲôŮǺʵ
ĳɻ־
Ŷ壿
Ů֮½˺ܶ飬ƺڿһֻϡ涯
һ۹ҲöˣҲжʣֻЩΣϾĿ⣬˭һֱҲԲ
ҲףֱѯʵôҪܲ
ܣܡ
ŮæشƺҲԸǰλˣپ£֪޸Żһλˡ
ʵ˵ֻҪһԱһݣͲҪ󣿡
š
شһԼԼһЩִ¿˵ĸоŮôôҲ̫׵Ӱ
ȻҪʹһ£Ҳߡ
ϾԵҪҲߣֻҪƽԴʶݼɡ
򵥡
ŮֱӵԤٵǮܼǮٵǮպȡ
ô󣿡
Щȵص
ǸƵ·ô̫ˣҲ߷֮б˵Եر͵ǣãȻҪһЩ
ʲô˹ѣƷѣϷѣĴѣѣѵȵȵȵȡټ޸⣬һ޶ƣٵǮĲˡ
⡭
Ǿ䲻Ϊ߷֮״򶯣ЩΣڴֻʮǮ
ǰֻǳһ͵ۣжٵǮʣ࣬һҪЩߵȵӵ̰ʣ١
֮Ҳδκ񣬷ŹκθϵĵǮȻʱ࣬ڻǼ࣬ûκα仯
ţûǮ̸
Ůһɫʱ䵭ֱӿ˵վƺҪʼ
״ԼҲһӣЩΡ
Ůһ˵ʱʲôԵһ£ȥȥء
˵꣬תߡ
ҴææӣŮһ㶣漴мһڣûǮҲ˿Ӵ·ޡ
ֻǣߺֲЩǣ޸󣬵Ҫʱ䣬ſԿһأ
òиˣǸѵҸղűٵǮ۸̫ˣ˼Ҹˣ
ǿ˼οɿƵ·ŶôԴ·ļ۸
⣬һĿɿڴԳơ޸ƵŮȻ䡰޸Ķҡ
˵Уپ²ϣϲװһڰĲöлʦħꡱοɿɣ


31 ޲׺
뿪޸֮ûñ㼴һת֮һûʣ׾Ľ
ի
ʣղջƽ׾ƷϵĲϣ
̨»һϲƽ׾ƷհȻհ
״һƣϽһ¹Ƥңֽһ߹֮ȡǺڻ±ǿʹ˻ɱͷϲϡ
˳ȡ£ãվõõĵط
ƽ׾Ʒޣ൱еĻԪ۷ʿϵĲϣȻֵ顣
Ƭ֮ٴ߳ڴѾװǧöǮ
תص޸һģͽöǮϣڵˣպβȡ·

̨ΪˣԵͥЩοɿɣԹ԰ȺԹȴٴαһĸ˹
ȻǸ֮ǰ˵Ŀֻˣ뼥䣬ǲҪסˡ
ڴ˵ڣȴȻ۾գĳٵǮʱĿɿڴŴӣƵС͡
㡭㡭ô죬׬Ǯˣ
ʵ⣬֮ǰһ˵ԼڴֻʣʮǮСӣôһת۾ӵٶǮ
ҿӣ֮󣬿ڴֻ»࣬ĵֱ׳ԥҲһǧɣ
ù뷨ȷȡ֮Ǯ£ת뿪ˡ
Ůգ룺Ϊʲô׬Ǯٶô죿ѵʲôؾ𣬻ұļ۸̫ء
 ţУٴ·ŰٵǮһӶ٣

֪뿪οɿɱԽ޸ļ۸С뱶
뿪޸ΪûƵҲûȥطתƣתֱӻصˡ
֮ǰڸС̸йһᡰ󡱵ļԵͼԼһݽͼᣬػϸϸۿ
߷壬ֱǣ콣浤ʥ٣ٻټһ𡣡
У콣浤Ϊ壬ʥ٣ٻΪ塣һ壬ȴǱһ
߷Ĵ¹ɡ
֮⣬ӣţţּŵӣΪšʽܳ츳ߣһűֱӱѡУֱš
ŵӣȻҲһԱλȴ࣬ÿ»һĹҪ겻ɱ޷·Դ
ŵӣȴȫЩеʱ䣬һרָҪǣԴŵ
ߣŵӵʮ
Ҫ˵˵еĶˡ
ѹ֮٣
ЩԴиʣŵĴ벻ѡ
Щţţһ˲Ŵء
ţӣ棬Ҳ棡
ԣһиٶȣʹʦ̵ҲһҪţ̤ģ
Ѿ¾ġ

Ŭ
ΪŵӣֱӱѡУһ֣̤ƻԪԪһƣֱš
ȻҲǱֱѡУǻ߷֮к޵λ˳ŵӵݡ
ԣЩݣֻܿԼŬȡ
ʯ֮ϣ۾
һʱָһʱħͫѴʱ䣬ܸ١֮еľ֮ˮϡ
ָҪǽʮָԣãָͶȣٶȣָı仯ʽ
ǿЧ
ģһ취ʮָϲһߣָã߲ҡ
Ȼٶ࣬ǣĽУָ֣ԣȶԣԼͶȣ˴ȵĽ
󣬵к߲£ٶȸǾӰ
ǣÿоƿһߡ
󣬵ָ֮ϵĺӵʮȦѾʱ˫ʮָбһƽȣں֮зٴ󣬿ָӰ
ˣָСɣɳ󣬶պҲޡ
ħͫ෴Ҫеһ˼룬ڿκͷ·äһ
󣬶Ȼۣͫһ㣬˲ȼһ
̨Զһ磬һ岽ʮʮ
ڶӼѣȻ֪֮֮ףڣħͫҲš
ڣһ̣ٲ֮⣬ܳɹȥȼʼԻ
ǣ۾ֱһֱһֻӬ
Ӭǰȥһ˿ߴţ޷ߣŬͫȻ俴ȥ
꣡
Уһ죬΢΢һһϸϸİ׺ۡ
ӬһΣţ£ԭλûϡ
ˣζԽƺҲоãʼҴܣķҷɣˡķҡ
ֱʮγԣ
飡
˰죬Ȼ˫ĿУһϸ໪·һöУȻɳػֻڿյĲӬϡ
һϸ΢죬ӬһţķѣҺһء
ɹˣ
ϲʤӬУôպԼгɣԸӴ͵ĶҲгɹĿˣ
УԵеУܲܳɹó
պҲܳΪԼɱ֮һ
֪Щ̫Զ·ʵֻвϽ
󣬳ָħͫʱģǾʽˮ
֮ʮ֡
ղмأһˮԼͷˮУƬ⣬оԼϢ
ſأԼһƬ󺣣ȫ޾ĺˮεĺˮһһϵصӵѹԼľ
أԴʼɫ˿ߣ˿һӨľʶд󣬱֯һľǳ
Уˮ˿ԽԽ࣬ʱһһֹȥľҲǿ
ͲˮˮķԼԶһƽ㡣
᳹ϢȴҲоѹ
УһЩ֮һжʦĻþ䱳죬׼ȴԼټС
תۼ䣬ʱһζ
һ죬Ѿ޸Լȡµʱˡ
һ磬ûжһᣬһ´㼴תٴɽ·޸


32 ̶ʯ
ʣٵǮڹϣʵôҪĻûУ
ˡ
ŮƺһֱԶʱһ˫۾Ц
һѽϵٵǮȫץУһִӹ̨һ۵ɷεİɫϡ
ˣ
ţ
ֽӹ΢ɨһۣţɫɫϲӡ
ʽҲԣֻī׶ɫɫӦϲĿʽ
һԼǰչ¶Լǰ
һ̣·׺䶥ˡŵšɫһ䣬״ˣǰŮһ⣬ǸƵĵ
Ůƺӣо飬һóһɨ㣬ЩͰ͵ص
ôˣﲻã㿴Լ˵ģֻҪĵӣԼǻĵӣЩҪҶһһˣ԰ɣﲻԣ
ﲻԣ
ҧгݣһָϵǼɫͨ崿ף⻬ʵϳˣһеûκ⡣
ǣǰɫı֮£һ޴󣬷·һĹϡá֣ȫұſ񣬹Źֶԡ
⣬ŵӦô·
Ҳ⣬Ҫ
ֱӿ˵͵أ·ȥ񲻱Ȳۣ
ֱֻΪ˵Ц
Ȼ飬οɿȴֵúǿӲһصУҪмǮ
ţһǵȷʱû˵·⻹˻һ˵˵ˣ·ôͲŵӴˣ
һʣȻƿԣܡ
ǰ¶ʱûй涨·ʱ˻
ֻǹԼʱϣһ仰ƵˣѹԼʱܸоˣԭ
ټǮ
ǰСģŮмشһټӣټٲô죿
ңҡҲŮˡ
ټϼεǮķԽԽãĿ޶ûط޳ˡ
ٵǮҲԾһЩϡֻܹǧٶ࣬ѾֻʣһǧţΪǮ
ˡ
һҡͷԸŮȥϵĵת뿪
ſſһ㣬һкο£
ԺһٲҪ޸򽻵
ִµĻҲѹ˭˭ù
аҧص
⣬һ˵ĵطһ֣չϣתͷҴҳǰȥ
Ȼһ·֮ϣӭ˿ˣָָ㣬۷׷ףЦ
棬ĳԩͷִ¸Ƶ޸Сص㡯·
޸·ֹص㣬ֱǲ˲ϴȥһΣѪֱǧ꣬һң޷ֺš
ԺҲˡ
Ȼдͬеģһˡ
ԣʱ֪ȻȻǱˣִº޸һҵġ
ˣҲΣҲֻűˣѵɱȥǮҪ
ԺԼҲٳţҪʱɽһ£ɽ֮ԼνˣҲԼʦڣû˻Щ
һת˵ĳЦ
һΣûΪɷ룬ֻǿϵʱϵı飬г޵ģȴַá
޴İɫãţһ޴İʯڣʯ֮ϣ岻˸ɫ壬Уʱ󲿷ݶǻҵġ
񷢲ˣ
˵ÿ³һһΣһֻң̣ƣϣ࣬ɫÿַ־ǣߣһ͡
ɫһ޷ҹţȵȲȣʱʱȴûʲôջ񡣡
ЩߵģɫǣɱѨޣ̻һֻǮһССС
ǲϧԼġ
⣬ʯ֮ϣи߸ң˸ɫ񣬴ʹĿʾ֮á
ɫž棬Ѱҡ꼡ʱޣһ£ǮƷסˮܾһ
ž棬˵ڵӸȥܽȥֻҲû˸ҽӣ϶ڼžΣԴʱ֮գ
ʮһɫǰɱǧ˿ʮֻȡǵĶͻ浤壬ƷԪһƿƷ鶦һֻ
ţƷԪǲڵӵкôʮֻǧ˿룬ҪԪڣ۷ʵɲԼܶԸ˵ģһ
ɫǰʥҩΪҩˡһ¡񱨳꣺ǧ׵㣬ҩһ
ţǲǧ׵㣬һҩ㹻Լ껨ˡΪʲô߹ɫǣɫٶǻԪкϲܽӵµİ
뵽ˣԥһ£ûнת뿪ˡ
ȻʦԼÿ¹ȡй׵Ǯãĩ
ЩɣȽ׶ҽʮַͱ˽ȡһգɻɫˡ
ʣµģЩɫͻɫûԸӣӾͲʲôġ
ϣԼ۱ߵһʥҩҩ˴֣˼򵥣Ȼ¡
ʾȡʮȴȻûһɣ
ȻҲʲôƲ硣
Լǵпգ³ٹʱ񵥸£ӦˣʱֻҪʦǣĲö롣
תȥŵġ̶
̶߷֮һϿ֮⣬߷벻Զһʮʤ
˴ӳ̶ˮԣ̶һβȪůзҶϣΪ㡱һļͨƻÿ꾰¶ʮˡ
ԣӣо뵡żһ£ϲ̸۵
䣬һ£ζ䡣
еӣ˴󷢣ְһɽʯʯڱɼˣýһƽϿÿһӵ
ԣʯͷֱ֮Ϊʯ
ڡʯ֮ϣĿ򣬷ֱΪڵӰڵӰ񣬶ӰԼС
ڵӰ棬ֻʮλ
ڵӰʮλм䣬ռࡣ
Ӱֻܹжʮλ棬ռ٣ȴۡ
񵥣ȴԲԱߣһ壬䲻ˣȴ֮⣬޵кպġС񡱡
ܽ˰ߣҪôȺǰǰ٣ҪôǣžʬǰʮȻûʸ
У׵ģһϯӣ֮ףף
Ҳ죬ӣһߵ׷󣬺
뿴һڵУЩͼʶһ£۷ĵӣﵽʲôĳ̶ȣ


33 ʮ
Ƭ֮ƹ߷壬ʮڵ⴦ʤء̶
һбȪȣ·ˮ
һ顢ƮϢ
̶Ȼ鴫δһ˷׽쳾ĸо
߽
ڣ˴˵еġ̶
̶̶̣ͨĪ⡣
̶ˮ֮ϣһ齣ʯ˪ĥ֪ҹ
̵ĺ̶·һ䲻㣬ȴʮ
Ϫˮȴİ㣬ҶƮ裬ʺá
Ϫˮ֮ϣһμɽɽÿʮɴһԲʯ̨ʯֻ̨Ұ׶ɫ
ʯ̨֮ϣǿյģǣв֮ϣϥһӣȳȻ
Щһ˫Ŀ΢գ·붨Ψ˿ʱ򣬲Żżһۡ
ʱ򣬶Ǳš
ϸ»ãЩʯ̨һģĵҲ޹ɡ
ϸۿ֣ᷢЩʯ̨˵ԲΣͬΪҰ׶ɫԽϣϵĵϢԽӴ󣬵λԽǳߡ
·𣬴ڴ˵ѾԼ׳ɣԸġ
ߴʯ̨֮ϣһ꣬׿ȻĿ忡˫ü΢ף֮һɫ١
ǰҲһɫ١
ٵţβһֻˣľɳ
׿Ȼ꣬Ȼ١
ֻ̬ʣָμ䣬·֮Ȼǡ
ɽ֮ϣеӽһҡͷԣܵķҶƺҲ֮ðż˴һ졣
ʥٷӡ
һۿҪϵı־̫ۡ
Уģֻʥٶ壬֮Уʥٷ壬Ϊרһֻ޹һ
ԣʥٷӣһ۱ɱϳҲר޹ٵĵӣٵ֮ϣȴʥٷ塣
ǣʥٷ岻֮һƽʱеĵλߣڴʱԣ忡꣬ȴ˵ġ
ʯ̨֮ϣˣʹģҲʮԶ£·һ㽫м䡣
꣬ʵӦüΪˡ
һ£߽̤𣬶ʱٶϣ۾ŭĿ
ٴᣬеӶʱû±۾ҡͷԣҡ
״֪ԼŵˣԸΣǶ׵һֺøС
Żٴˣһȥ
Ƭ̣ڼɽ֮󣬷һɫʯ
ʯ֮ϣͬʮӣʯ֮£Ŀɭϡ
˫Ŀһ
Ӧþܵͼϣ˵ʯˡ
߽һڿɫʯȫò
ֻԻһȴѱƽƽһ֮ϣõ˽ٸ֣Ŀ顣
ʮӣǰʮǿԼӵȫ
󣬾Ƕһǣ·ȻġС񡱡
ȣеڵӰϿȥ
ʮӣһ컪Ϊ벽ԪڶָԶΪ벽ԪũףΪ벽Ԫ
ףΪʮ۷塭ڣΪŲ۷塣ڰҫΪ˲۷壡
ھѩΪ˲жΣʮ䣬˲سΣ
벽Ԫ벽Ԫʮ۷壬Ų۷壬˲ڣ˲Ρ
ʮӣ͵һˣ֡䣬Ҳ˲ΰʹڵ֮УҲԻС
ԣʹЩڵӣУһ֣˰УԲ
ٵӣڴ˰֮ϣȴռʮλã¡
̧ͷ׵֮Ͽȥ
ڵӰ
һƽ̶Ϊ벽Ѩ
ڶ벽Ѩ
Ԫ۷塭ʮԪ۷塣
ʮһԪڡڶʮԪڡ
ڶʮԪڡʮԪڡ
ʮһҶ޺ۣΪԪڣɽ壬ʥٷ塣
ʮһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ΪԪڣɽ壬콣塣

̶޺ۣӦѩ飿
ľ
һĵӣǰ벽ѨΪξȡ
ϾΪ֮һλߣµԻһǵУܴﵽ벽Ѩ⡣
ǣʮţ͵ʮ֣ȴЩˡ
ʮһҶ޺ۣɽ壬Ϊ磬˸ղţʯ̨֮Ȼٵꡣ
ѵڵӰǰʮǿ֮һ޺ۣ
ܻڶڣڵ𾴣ҲͲˣѹ֡
ԾģǡһҶ޺֣ʮҲڵӰĩβһ֣
һǧ˿Ӧѩ飡
⣬Ǹոպһ𣬽ʮ֮һϻѩŮ
Ȼֱӱ콣ԭߣⲻһµʱ䣬ʹӰ벽ԪͻԪ
ԻԪڵʵһɱڵӰǰʮʵʵľˣ
˽죡
ѹ֣쿴콣塱֣˾ȣԼ󣬶ڡ
һչزġ콣ԭ棬ΪأֱΪӣ
⣬ͨ˵
̶ʱ䣬Ѿﵽ˵زˣͬΪͬһŵĵӣ˵Ĳ࣬ƺụ̂ԽԽԶˡ
Ӧѩ飡
ȭ⣬ԼҪԽĶһ죬ڵӰϣһҲԼ֣
ңһͣ
аصǿѹеĲϸ£ĿͶʯףӰԼԱߵС
ӰֻܹжʮˣҲ˵ζӣֻжʮˣһˣҲһˡ
ֻҪΪӣڴ˰֮
ӵһףΪǰΪѨڣڣδ֪
ӵڶΪѨڣ
ӵ봨ΪѨڣ
ӵģɪΪѨڣ
ӵ壬ģΪ벽Ѩ
ӵƺΪ벽Ѩ
Դ֮£ߣڰˣھţʮʮһһֱڶʮʫ˪Ϊ벽ѨΪڵӰһһģһ
ܳΪӣͬΪʣսҪǿһȻɲ˶ӡ
Щ̫Զûж࿴ֻ΢΢ɨһ۱㼴ӹ
Ŀ⣬Ͻǵģһġ
С񣡡
ף봨ɪģƺ񡭡
ǰģϣ֮⣬һЩû˵֡
֪ЩΪܳĵӣϴ˰ģţδ
ȣҪ˶ã˰֮ϣֽһµ֡һǧ˿Ӧѩ飡
Щ֣һһУΪ£漴ٶ࿴תͷȥŷǱ߶ȥ
ȥЩطûʲôٶȵĵҩԼʱΪȣ̫ˡ
ϵЩˣ˵ӣС񣬾ʮӣڵӰԼҲ֮Զ
뾡һа취ѰһпԼķڴ˾ȴ
ŷУԼõĵһص㣡


34 һǮѵӢۺ
ŷУ߷֮һƫƧĺϿȡ
ΪˮĻڵϵĺˮ޷£ЩϿҲӦ¶£չΪȻһм
ҲγŷС
һУһڵ㴫ģȻ漴ʹƽʱҲʮ֣
Ҫÿµĳһʮ壬˴һС͵Ὺʱࡣ
ĵӣ⣬ؾչģʱһ£ᣬԼҪƷ
Щ;УõĳƽʱһҲѡڴ֮۳߶һ
Ϊֻдʱó߼ۣ߶һԼĶƷ
죬Բǳһʮ壬˱壬Ħ࣬һԿͷ
˽ȥ
·ԣֵ۴ݱȣի¥ãϵ󣬷ջҾ¥𷻣ӣζɼҡ
漰¡ʳסУݣޣ鵤ţ䱦ӦоУҲҪƷ
ڴ˹ġ޸󡱣һԱλƫƧ
ԣⲢǵһˣԴ˲İ
ֱ߽һɫ¥
ŵã
һУһ˱ǶŨ㣬㼴һɣ·ԪϢת֡
ﴢĵҩൽʲôĵز
һݵҩɢһƵŨ˵ĵز
ֱһ̨
˴ĶһЩһƷҩϣУ£ĵȡ
ͷһа
ЩҩƷʮȫڶ࣬硰ٲݵԪ൤նĵ̫Ԫǵǳɵȵȵȵȡ
۸Ҳʮ־ˡ
򵥵һƷ͵ȵҩٲݵ΢ӿһ˿ԪУһƿͼֵٵǮ
һƿʮҲһʮǮ
ӹصģ纬һ˿ԪĺԪһʮǮһƿͬǶʮҲ١
ʦ͸ƿҩﶼҵõһƷеնһƷе൤ֱʮǮһ
ʮҲǼֵһǧٵǮ
ϵвƸȻֻǿƿĵҩ
ʱ˿̣ڸܵ˴˵УĴҪơ¡ءһƵҪԣ
Ǯ粽УЩҩҪϧ𰡣
Ŀȵضеƿ̫Ԫ͡ǵ
ƿҩһƷߵȵҩ
һҲǼֵʮǮ
һƿҲ˵ܹҪһǧǮ
У̫Ԫ˵֮ʱһ˿֮Уһգ԰˴Ԫʣ
ԪӾǿ󣬶ң̺һ˿ԣ
ǵͬ
˵ȡ׻֮ǣĥɷۣҩģƶɡ
˵ӵϴǿ裬ʣȵȹЧ
һ־ãӵԶ˵ھʣԶˣ
ܳصԪҲᳬһЩ
ЩĵҩϧʱܹѾֻʣһǧŰʮǮ˵һƿ𣬵ƿȴֻʮǮ
ʮ
һǮѵӢۺʱ޲ԼΪʲôṆ̀˵ֻҪһҲð
ϧǮʱ١
̵ĸܵˣʦԼȥȡһЩͼǮ׬ȡ׵˼
ΪˣҲ԰һʱ԰һҪĶҪԼȡ
գֻһҧóһǧǮȹһ֣ǵ
˵Ǵ֮ãʱ˵ȡ̫ԪҪ
ڡ̫Ԫֻеȹ죬³ڸ£ԼȡһС׬ٵǮˡ
ʱȻᣬҲֻʹ
ûȥһߵĶƷΪףһƷҩԼ𣬸Ҫ˵ƷƷˣͽȻġ
ת˹ŵãһȥ
һһֱġ䷻߽ȥһ󲻹Ƭ̣س
䷻УȷƷǣƷƷȡ˷ͭۡϽצڡ
ȻЩļ۸һ»ԼЩԽԽ޵ݣֻлس
Ϊ˵ķһƷҲҪٵǮ֮࣬ƷҪ߰١
Щ۷壬߲㲻һ֮ң˵˵еޣûС
ԼһսķƷҪǳһǧǧ
ϣֻܹʣ¾ŰʮöǮ˵һֻиɿˡ
ȥŵġ󡱡
ǮүûСŵӦòں޳ܵҪյǮŵĵز˰ɣ
Ȼȥ֮ŷԼˡ
󡱵󣬵ȷҪȡǮ
ΪصҪص㣬벻Ҫȡһġŷѡңóκһţ֧ӦĹ׵С
Ĺ׵㣬ǵӸˣĹס
ףмֻ÷ʽ
һһЩ񷢲ϷЩɻӵһŹס
ǿ·ʹڣ̽ؾɱħȵȵȵȡ
һַʽŸȣСȣűȶУɹʤһĹ׵㽱
֮ܶҲ˵ȡţû⡣棬˵ƷͽףƷнףƷϽ׹в٣
һЩ߲¥֮ڣƷ׹ԼƷ
Ҫߣȴ밴˶ףӦʸ
ңޣҲơ
ŵӣֻܲƷϽ¹
ŵӣܲƷ¹
ӣܲİƷ¹
ڵƷϣûлȡ;ΪֻһƷֻиԼָһ̳ˣˣӵʸ
½ӵеĵƷϹʮоݣ˰˴ϡ
һȫȱȫ
ڵƷϣݽɣֻ߳ݣ뵽Ŵݣпܳ֡
ûй׵㡣
ǮȻôоŰʮö
׵㣬ޡ
ӽһδɣŽҲţȻǺ޴
գĴŶˣֻлȥ
һ̼¶ģ³һ񷢲ڸ£ԼһҪȥһ񣬴Ǯ粽еľ
⼸ʱ䣬ԼĻþȻʱ΢һѶȣֻԼ겻ɣ
ԣһУֻ֣Ŭ۷壬ӵԼҪһУ
ط壡
ټйȥȻ֮ǰ򵽵ŵͼϣҪص㣬һһ
ȴףԼʱһ׵ңЩطֻ¶ȥãȥãûеǮ׵㣬ֻ¶Ҳȥ
⣬õԴԼǰڽ׬ȡ׵㣬˵֮


35 ߲㣬
ص֮Ҳûȥ
ʼʦġ൤նͬʱԼġǵʼ
һʱָһʱħܸͫ١֮еˮԼʮþ
ɿ죡
ӵˡ൤նһ棬ȥʣͬʱȥ
һ棬ٷáǵһ̶ȵĸƣͶȣȣȶ̶ȣһ̶ȵ
ǡǵĹЧһƷ߼鵤֮󣬺ֵҩȻͬ
ֵҩ֮ʱ̷ͬһ̫̫Ȼ븹Уھ٣ȻȣҪһȺ
󣬱еһĹ䶯𣬱ѪҺ
ظܵԼʵҩİ£ߡ
ԤеԼ߲㣬ţԶˣ
š
ʮ㣬ǰ㲻һ߲ţһʮ־޴Ĺؿ
һؿֱصӣںϡ
ʮ㡣
һУ壬Ĳ㻯С죬졣
ָܵԪĴڣǣԪĶ壬ǹ黯ɣС죬ָǳתһܡ
ҹһѭ
󲿷ͨˣΡѭһʱ䣬ҹһҲһһҹ
һ׶ΣԪϢҪµţؼ׵ͨβ̡мأͷ裬շֵ£⣬ӭ㣬ȵţӣظ»
һܣС죬ˮ𼴼ãȡ롣
죬ָǳ̫תһܣΧ󣬳ʱҲҪӳࡣ
޵磬˼νȫʮ澭ȫҪתһ飬˼졣
࣬ԪЩתһȦҪҹеģʱࡣ
Ϊߣʱ᲻̡
գٶ¹Ϊһһҹҹһѭ֮󣬱Ǵ쾳ɣԳžˡ
߲ţָ
ţ༴һϣͨģ˵һ򿪣У˽棬ԶݵΪһ塣
һ磬ԶԶԽΣ뵽˲Σһʵ
ǰҶͻ㣬Ϊ֮ʱͻ£һֱʮ⻯ֱͻƻԪ
֣Լˡ
Ҷȷ亱ҩҩЧʮ־ˡ
ȻҩЧʮ־ˣһգҩ̫ۻӴ
ϴֻժһСƬԼһ֮һֱͻ㣬Ȼ٣ȴº󻼡
һֱôҩͻƾ磬ɸȣأҲϸϰħƹصĿԴ󽵵͡
ԣ뿪Ӧɽ֮һʱ䲻ټʵҲͽ£һֻĬĬԼŬʵ۷ĵز
߲㣬һ֮ң
һ֮ңϴηҶĺ֢֣һƹأԱԭѶࡣ
Ϊֹ˾ɶ
һ·ӶϵӶߴĮ⵽ɳѩܣʧ䣬ֱһ·ľԶΡ
˵׼Ѿ㹻ֻһ
⼸գáն൤ǵҩ֮󣬽
䣡
һգٴһ㣬šն൤һǵ¡
ʼԪ
һ֮ǰӿȵľ޴ֱͺͷеС֫ٺһƬů
Ƭ̣ˣѾٴĺ֮Уһƽʱ󼰵Ĺؿ֮£·ѩƿ
أоһƺᴩ塣
һŻԺȻ򿪡
֣ԼƬأƺоȫһˣ飬Ըϡ
̨ʶ룬һ֮ţ·ʶˮ֮ϣնֱãã졣
ûƶˣʧ
⣬߲㣬֮ô
Ȼֻǳߣţٶȣ죬ȫգԪʹ֮Ÿʵ׹̡
֮䣬Ҳϡ
һ̣˵ϵһ̣ǣɹԽ
һͻƵľ磬һޣ˪ĥߣѴﵽ۷壬Ϊȴһ̡
ɣβĪ쳤Хһ䷢йԼĿ֣
ҩһ߻ŬǴ˿̷һеر
ǳ׹̣Լڰ˲㣬ؽˣ
û֪ﵽһвһۻµı˳£ˮɣһȻ
ʹ߲㣬Уǵ׵Ĵڡ
˵ЩѴﵽԪѨǿߣ˵ʮӣҲ˲㣬ͬŵӦѩ飬ѾͻƻԪΪڵǰʮǿ֮һ
ǰ·Զиûͣҩһǿһ˲
һҹ
ԼڵĶУĿȻ֮䣬Ŵ󿪣һȻȻͬˮս£̨ʶ
˳ʶϿհɵСţ£뵽ʶ֮С
ˮ˲һĨɫƺЩһˡ
Ͻһ̣ڳɹﵽ߲֮ڣԽ콵ϴˡ
ĹؿڵǱ˲㣬ҲҪһ㣬أ
һһ
̤һأܹδֻͨȻӣһͨˡ
һп׹֮ա
ʱһУΪ賿ȴ֮õڸʱ䡣
Ϊ˻ø൤ҩȡԴ֤Լǰȴȴճһʱ̡
뼰ˣԥ𴲣Щˬİɫתţ˳ȥֱķ
Ƭ̼䣬㼴˵֮ǰ˺һҹרڴ˵ȴȴ°񷢲һʱãʵ
ûкͱ˶һ˵Ľ䣬ĬĬȴ


36 ڸ
ڣһʱ֮
ԶһĨٻ΢ůĹâӳݶܣУȻ۾
Ĺ⻪˫֮һ漴գʧ
վͱһ𣬾ȴ
ȻƬ̼䣬֨ѽһŻһӿ룬ҲΪһӰ˳С
ǰԭ̵İʯڣȻâţ壬ϱ任
Ƭ̣˶һʱ棬ѾȫȻ
ϸѾɣ˽ȡ񣬻Ѿʱȫȡϳϣһµո
ϣƣ̣ҡȵȣɫӳ
۵ģȴ֣ףȻһɫ죬·ѪдͣΣյģɫ
ɫ
еһ˵ʱҪѨǿߣɡ
һҲֲ˼ΣΣôͻȻˣ
Ҳк棬ѧһ̧ȥ
ͼǰİɫʯ֮ϣǵĿĳɫ񣬷ǳĿʹ˫ۡ
ɫ󸽽Ī֡ڵаħ֮ʮĿֲħͷžУĿĲӰ쵽ڵӵк
ţħΪ֮һͽһΪ춯أֻ벽ѨΪȴŴֶΣɱѨǿߡ
ϵѨʿѶ֮࣬Ѩ£һԶܣǧ𿿽
ۣɥĲϲŰɱΣգ֮ܣ
Ҫ󣺻ɱ򱨸žʵλá
ɱĿýŹ׵㣬ǮѡһƷѧĻᡣ
񱨸Ŀʵλãѯȷʵ֮󣬰Ŀ׼ȷ̶ȣɱɹ񣬷ֱǧһŹ׵㣬ǧǮ
رעȡһдħϢõħͷȷ֮󣬼ɵʱȡ

ȻǺڵаħǰʮ
ݣӲɴ󻩡
ڵаħ½лԪѨħͷõһ񵥣ûֻͣҪܻɱڵаħϵħͷܻôңһջ޴
ȻĴڣȴÿһʮΣգЩǺڵаħ֮ϳʢ˥ĳ
˵ɱǣǱɱӣȱȽǣԼ
ҲɳרΧˣϧЩħͷʮֽƻһо壬Զܡ
ŸһȥͻȻأϮɱ²ӣʮͷۡ
ԣۺڵаħϣһλħͷͻȻ֣һ䶯ɣ·Σաһ񣬲ɣֻע⣬޹ܺ
һϢţǲרŻɱ
ȻĿǰһеħͷ󸽽֪Ϊʲô
Ȼ˾вУ߲㣬ò˾޴Ѿĵײǣ
⡭
ԭ˽ȡ񣬳׬ȡ׵͵Ǯǣ׷ԥˡ
Ÿһ޴ħͷûǻҪðһȥǻᱻħͷпŰɱŶʷû
ǰǰôǺãУ˳ȥˣͷȥٻ׵ʱ׬ȡСֻһ
Ҳȥǲֽɱٻȡ񣡡
ֻһ˲䣬ԭ£ŵȺһ񣬶˲ɢ˴롣
ʣЩģҲĿ룬ԥ֪òüȡ
һ٣Ƿ١
ԭͬ񣬾߹࣬δõʱȺɢһ룬һ룬Ҳڳ֮Уûȴ˳ʱ䣬ȥѡȡ
пôɣҵһθҪ񣬱˴ħͷ˵϶ŸڸѲӣֻҪСһ㣬Ӧ¡
ûаϣĿٵµϣƣ̵ȼ֮ӹ
ڻɫȴ˲ȥǡ
ΪԷʱȴûʲôô
ܿ죬ѡеһƶ̣񣬼¼Լ֮ϣת뿪
뿪֮УһƬӣеӶûע⵽Լ۱ʮָߵȺ֮ʧԥ֮У۷׷ס
գһСȥԲա
һСˣԭأĿ˼һ£漴¶ᶨ£ȽһڵȻЩȽϸӣ࣬ʤڰȫ໨ʱ䡣
ң⣬ضõĸҹѲߣֻҪǲ뿪̫Զ²¡ǼžٴҲҿʮ֮ڰɣȻֱӾܱƽ̷֣ɱ
ţȽȡһЩھɣͲó̫Զ񡣡
ЩҲ׷׽ȡԼѡе񣬶뿪һĻδѾһ뿪֡
Ҳû⣬Ҳ֪ߺɫǣ˳ɫǵĵز
ΪűУȻ˴ħɱԪӵϢ
Ϊ֮䶯ʣµĵӣǲ漰뿪񣬶û˽ˡ
ǰһʱʮ壬ʮʷϣʮټ顣

뿪ûͣ㼴ŵͼʾڵ·жȥ
;˶䣬ż˾ҲϢӴ󣬻Ⱥӡ
߲㣬ȴҶһߵģʵټһˡ
죬Ҳû̫ϣһʱ֮Ѿ뿪󣬳ɽ֮¡
ɽǵݣڵǴһɽǧɽεΪ׳ۡ
ؾޣҲʮգз˸ڿʮϡ٣ԶϢʱš
żһЩ˼Ҳ֮ǰһЩӳ̤
ӵĵһһɫڴɽΧһСĹȡڡ
Ҫðս̱صĹУɱһͷСһ򼡱ľ綾ޣȡĶѪͻ浤塣
ˡһ򼡱ҽƷޣ൱㣬ȴشվϾ綾ԣӦֻһɫȴ˻ɫǼҲӦӡ
һɹõ綾֮Ѫ浤壬Եõزһöڤ޹ϴ壬һܵõ·ٹ׵㣬һǧǮԼ۱ȷǳ
һۣ㿴˴ܹɵķΧֲ̫Զ˵¡
ҪɵĵһҲ


37 ɽ
ɽУĴŨգ졣
ⱻڵ֮⣬ּһƬ䣬ͼ֮˵ġĹȡ
Ȼһͣ½Ų
ˮĺ֮УһĨӳճ˵Ӱǰ׷ɱһͷƴĳβ
ȫͨ죬·գβͣһ˫۾ģʮ鶯
һͷ׼ƽޣӰ
ޣǻɱȡϵƤëѪǻ׽ûȥһļǮ
ѹЩС
£ۼЩƺһһڣۿ
ݷãģһɹΪ׽ֻӰȥȹǸá
ݷ÷ģƾҺҫֵʵ׽һֻ׼ƽ׵ޣκ⡣
պлᣬһרΪ׽һֻƽϵޣھͬţĽȺߴŮˡ
˵ˣһһϮۣӢֻɫԴ԰ףƺɫ
һݴֺ£˫֮Уȴһ˿𺣬ֻǺܿó
ɫӷεӣΧһŮУڡ
ⱻΧм䣬ֱǽ֮ݷáŮһ£ȷһʻ㶯˵Ľݣ嵭飬˫бһ߹١
ʥٷˡ
ҫҫҫ˽ΪѴﵽ˲㣬۷壬Īνʮ֮һڰˣʥ֡ҫ
´ֺӡ
˫ĿһĿ˫֡
ֻ˫֮ϣʳָһĨںڣ滹һֻɫԲĳָ඾
ǡʹָڣڵߣ
ȻǣڵӰߡڰˣȻͬʱ֣ΪһŮ׽һֻ׼ƽ衣ŮĿеĵλˡ
ݷݷݷݷݷ
ֻһ˼ǰ̶ʯڵӰһ˲䣬Ů˭
ڵӰ壬ҡݷݷͬҲǺպһǿߡ
еĵλ˵ҫڣˣҪԸߡ
ѹ˰ͽᣬϧһдۣҲҪֺá
飬УҲûйϵ߸ۣ߱Թۣ˹ȥټ뿪ǰĹȡ
Ȼ֪أֻӰ׷ɱ·ߣһ˫۾ȻµµһתһģһݣȻֱһӰ

һ£ִֹҰġʥ֡ҫԼʹָڣһ¡
漴ͺ⣬ֻʥ֡ҫһӰ°ɣ
䣬Ȼһƣ˲óӿ䣬һɿµѹֱϮڵҶ
һߣʹָڣҲ۾һ˫Ŀ΢УȻָ𣬡顱һ
ͣ
һںָ·𼲷ɵĵ裬׷ֻӰ㡣
һˣӰضзѡ
ȻӰƺ֪ãڰһΣȻȻֳӰһһУһңͬʱӿ
ۡһڣʹָ˲ӹһӰָӰ𣬶ӰӰȴδ䣬һһң߷ɱ

ڣʧҪٷָڴʱʥ֡ҫƷϽ׵ơѾĶȥ
飡
һ죬ߵǵβӰҲУҷ
ֻұߵǵҫƷһΣζ䣬һ£ü۵Ȼ˻С

һݣѾԾңۼƷ˫΢һĨĹ⻪һӡ
ۣ
һ̵ƾӹʥ֡ҫྡྷʱɨһ۶ԷҪ˵
ڴʱ͡𣬡ʥ֡ʹָԭΧŮŵӣͬʱҰ˷Χס
ҫǲ԰׵մһĨĮСӣҽǵĺˣӰһ
ţ
ԭǰҪеĳӰǣûڣ϶ԷĶԴжʱһߣҲɷһ˿

Ǻǡʥ֡ҫû˵ȴֻЦ·ڿһˡ
´ֺ꣬ĿһתȻһȻڣѣҲӣҲǲ֮ˡ
Ӱ׷ģҲһһҹĹŸϵ˴Ѿƣߣű֡
Ѿʹ˽䱧ߣƺҲװɣ罻ǣ΢һַѣΣ
š
´ֺꡣ
ԷĻ©ңºͣʼԼһʱɱ⣬ȴܵ
´ֺ꣬ԱǽѲҸɭ˷ʤ
¶ˣܶԷ룬¾ʹ˽ᣬҲһ£ǰгӰԷ
ȴ룬ʱǽ꣬ȻһȵСӣһģҿϵϸžУٲǵ㵱ɱ
γδĵϾɽգʱĪ֮䷢һȥ᲻ãֻѰһϮ²
ʱڶУͱ˿ԡɡĶ
޹¶ˣвϲǿŭ塣
Ŷ壬壿
ƺҲûԤϵţ̿Ц壡
˭֪е˼
󣬻˼ǵûɽ岻ͱ
ˡ͡Ц壬һ𣬾Уһ壬ˣ

ڳˣȫЦŮԴĿһҲû廰
´ֺ꣬ԣ̲סһɱġ
ȻĸЦùЦˣִͷֻʳָ䡣
ǿŭ˺ԭȷ׷ɱû׽֮ǰ֮һ˵ΪҪ׷ɱҵ裬˵Һ£˹ûʣ
ǣǻɽ壬˳𲻿ɽ⡣˺ԸȥҲܽˣ
˵ֻ꣬Ӱǰһ£촷ۡ
𣬱𡭡
棬˽ɫһ䣬޷ȻǻŮһһҾףӣ״ײ˹ӣӵǸ
ӿԲǣһҪƴϾһǧĪɱ֣ݷݷǷһ飬Σ
ֻҪϾʱʥٷȡֻҪݷݷΧ֮ڣһر
ţ
ԣԴһ˿ؿһŮŮͬˣȻ֮ģʵѵãֻǲ֪ôһȺ˻һ
ΣҲգԭȷУұҲ⽫֮ռݣ㽻Ҳˣ͸㣬Σ

Ůû뵽ͻԭһǿӲҪɱ˺ȴͻȻ´㣬׼תʱס


38 ľ
һӷεĳ꣬æڵݷݷ£ԭӦģÿ

ŮݷݷڷӦعǰӹеĳβ΢΢һЦ򸣣ģؿɼǰݷݷֹˡ
˺ǹܣԭù鹫УҵȷҪҲһúչҳǧǮӹΣ
˵꣬һ֣Ǯ
ԣֻǹһЦˡ
ЦУȻһ۽£ˣһѾȻƮԶڰжȻΪһ͸Ӱߡ
ת˲ûԶ֣ʧ
ԶԶǣĳʵģͽˣŹһƴģͲˣڣ
˵꣬Ѿʧȥټͷ·ûгֹһ㡣

˾˵һĻڳͫ΢ҫ´ֺڣһҪ׷ȴŮֹ
׷ˣѾ֣λҿҲˣҶͬһţαشɱɱ
ΧҿʮΣգݷݷ۴ΪðգѾʮֲǾȻȥɣ
ţ
ҫڣˣһۣ˶ԷصɱһԵĻŮ׷ΣڻǽŻԴһ˿Ӳ΢Ц˵ããѵݷݷģ˵Ҳǣͬһţؽ֮ˣǿЦѣݷݷ˵ҪȥǾͻȥ
շպеǻѡȻǻĵӣһȥٺ١
ЦⷬȻ޷ԻŮĵ˵ڡ
߰ɣ
ת·ȥһߣʣµӣȴһޣ׷׷ŭָһССӶѣȻҲţٺ٣ˣϾڵСˣ֪Ҳ
Ǻǣҿ벻ң弸ʱμӹڵСȣֿգ׵Ĵڣ
ǰˣãһǰ˵һŵӣ˺þأһ֪Ǹ壬ֱЦˣ
ңʹμӣֻҲûʸɣСȣҲҪ߲㣬ңû·ǲһ㡣
ҲͲڰΪǸû˰У˭֪һ˶ֻ֪ɣ
һڵӣ۷׷ףʧղš
ߺּ䣬תһ£ü۵Ȼ֮ǰѾȥ
ԭδԶڸԹۣһĻЦ
֪Уû˿壬ֹΪ˥䣬ҲΪԡ
ͨ˿һŵս޷ּӳɲķֱǰһá
ԻԽԽûԸѧϰΪԵĵ
Ȼĵû
𡶻ܸ١֮ϵ۾ȡ
һ죬ָɽӣ㸲ľ磬Ҫ˵һСС󣬾߳½̤ŴݣҲ⡣
ڣʦߣҲ£ֻʱˡ
û뵽γȻǿУΣ
С𣿡
૵صĿԶȻһ
ڵСȣһΣֻҪΪ߲ϣڶʮ£Կɲμӡ
ʤߣǰʮֱӽţýѡһƷϽ׹Ļᡣ
֮⣬Ϊ͵ļˣлõųϿУΪӣνһ졣
ңֹǰʮǰʮǰʮнš
ЩǮ׵㣬ҩţرȵȲһӦоС
ʮַḻвٺö
ʢᣬݴԼҲǿʸˣǲ̨֪֮ϣԼĻǷ֮أ
ˣȲ룬Ǿȥ˵СȻʱ䣬żʱ˼
һתѾٴ뿪

һʱ֮һϿƮɻĹϿ֮⡣
˴ͼ֮ϣġĹȡˡ
ϸԱȹһΣȷû֮󣬶ڹһ࣬ϸϸ￴ȥ
ĹУȻһԶĵϢʱ
ľҰޣƺطô׳ǿһЩī̷ϣ֦ᣬҰһý
Ĺˡ
棬ƮģӦþ֮˵ģˡ
Ҫ룬ֻ׼һˡ
Ƭ̣ҶУһݣĳǱȥ
Ҷ򣬲ɢһϢɨš
ΪһЩŷ֮ϴ˵أרġ顱ȡҶ͸ϪˮƳɣȷЧ
Ĺ
𡭡
ߣпֲ޵Ľ𶯴أɽֶɪ̫ƫƧ֮ƹ
գڹȣһЩĳɫʯ֮¡
ʯ֮£һֻ㣬˱۴ֳľ޴򼡣
ͷʺɫ죬Ϊٺ죬£·ȼһ档
ĵ棬ðһֳ̣֮һĨۡ
ĵ棬Ҳֽ۳֣˼Ϊճʳ֮
ĿҴţĿ˼˰Σ׼һʱͷβ⣬Ȼ˳ļ䣬һһš
漴һºĻϢ˫ָΪһУһ´̳
Ʒн׸似أƷ½׹
ԭֻһŵ⻹Ǽ볤꣬۵רΪѧϰһšԪϢ֮⣬ΨһѧһŹ
ھϿУϺĴӰɱɱ֮һǿʹǣһս󣬽Ƥߣ׼ᣬ͵Ϯ
ⱾأǴҲһᣬѧᣬԶһ˹һ屶λƷнף
һ屶Ʋʲôڣÿһ쳣Źʼֵش
״ġԪѪ֮¡
ԪѪʹãһ֢ӰӣȻŸøӷʵá
ʱѾﵽ߲ž磬һΪ͸ͷһ򼡱
ʱصļӳɷʽ͵Ϯʹͷһʹ֪ãоķΣգҲͷֻȻǰһԾһ⡣
ȻһˣԾɲֺػβ֮ϣžһ졣
ʱѪɽһ򼡱һӣȻ룬֮ѳȥȴһжѣ
һ򼡱ܴػһˣʱŭתڰգȻ³һڰ̡
ãж
æϿڱǺϢټϱԭ˵Ҷԭûһ£ǶȻ䣬ͷ֮УԸеһѣд֪ⶾصǿ
ãҪսپͷһĵ̣ޣǾͲˣ
ҵȻ¶ģһ˾ȻȻ͸ԭʧ
ʮü֮һݣ
һ̣ٴγ֣ȴֵͷһ࣬ǿϾֻһŻĿǰյҲֻܾͨûܴﵽ¯ĵز
ֵܼʱʵڶݣȰϢ
ϢҲ㹻ˡ
ָֻӶһľ˪
ʱ֮Ϸɢ˲һء
ֻɶһ򼣬ζʱһϲһ㵭˪âˡ
ûᣡ
۾һָ΢һâΣȻһйȥ
ۣ
һֵһУķѣѪһء
óһСƿ֮Ѫռת뿪
һȻ˿̹ǵĺ⣬ȴȥ
һϢڡžһԴ£ȥ
ԭأֻһ߱տ壬縯ʧ
һɣǰɽѰҴ˵еҩľˣ
ָİСƿĹȣûжһ򣬶תȥ
һɣû¶̬֮Ϊ֪һɣΪһһֲ
ҲΪʵͳͷһ򼣬ѹ̬֮
ڶ񣬾ûôˣΪɽУ鲼壬˵ɲ䣬ֹ˿
ңżлƽ޳֡
ޣÿһֻ൱Ԫʿֿܵ
ԣ񣬲գϣλɫǣС


39 ɽ
ɽպȻ
ϸţëϸ˿֮䣬һ룬̳á
ǰȺɽ·Ҳ֮
̣ɽңңһ·ɾ
ܲˣˮϣԶֿһ·ӣٶȿþˡ
ڶ賿һɽ֮¡
ɽ׳Ρ룬Ŀ䣬Ȼ
Ȼȴֺ̣տįʾһ
Ǵ˵еɽˡ
ڵˡ
ûжһ˱·ӰֿĻɽС
֮
ǰȻһ֣ɽԶţмһ͵䡣
룬һʯͷĦ࣬ɼ
۾һ䣬򣿡
һΣ˼ƮȥƬ̣С֮⣬ˣһߴ˪
гӣƤͷŴЬͿͲʡ
ŮС°״ĸݣżһˣͷΣݵλȽġߡ͡ʿ
С塱ˣһЩͬΪ°֮ϣī̷ͼ
һۣһû룬֮Զݡ
ɽУҵһЩ֬ҶƬ̣һɫ޵Ĺ֭漴֣ͷһһͿĨϡ
Ȼ΢Σһ
ž춯䣬˾ȻСһЩݵꡣ
Ƭ̣һֲʣԭݣֳȣһȳһգС֮С
ȲƺˣϢʵ̫ţпʿԲɽüͷÿһЩ
Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳûǰʡ
ģ֮Уڴ֮ʧ

֮
һȺɫ·ؿӡһҰڤͼӰͻȻ򸽽
ȺˣΪߣһ˫֮ϣͿһȦ̫ƲʵĹʿϢʮǿԶ㣬ֻлԪ
ˣΪҲͣ͵ģҲ˾Ųҡ
վһɽ֮ϣС֮ڿһۣһ˹ʹҪĶ¾֮ڣмˣȽ֣
ţ

С󷽣Լʮ֮أһ߸ߵկ
կɽȣǰһԼʮҵĺ
УȴʲôϪˮЫӣ棬ߣ֩룬·һɫĺƴĿġ
կ⻿Ķ棬Ϊ˷ֹ˿
κ벻ܾܽկЦ
կ󷽣ȻӣҽҲľʯ֮ࡣ
ǣ󷽣ȴһһĽ
Ȼɼұһİ˽СͤɽߣΧɴ
ɴƮ棬һλŮгһѡ
Ȼݣ˫֮£ɿԿ棬һ鵭ɴ
ȻһŮ첽߽ͨһϥڵιȺֳˣĿĲ״ǵС򡣡
ţ
˽СͤУŮתŵ֮ϵŮüǣһشˮ
Ⱥڤ𸮵ˣ
ǡ
Ůػش
ŮüȻɫ䣬һĵ棬
ڴʱǰ͹ŮȻ̧һȻһɭɭס
ֻ۾¶һĨЦһ˿䣬ָ䣬һڰԲͲɢűĹâ
һĿâ֮ɳ
Ҷɻ룬㲻կ֮ˣ
Ů죬ûȫܹС֮ϣʱ˲
һɴֻź֮ϣѾĺɫС㣬˲ָмѨλһѡ
һֻ͸ĳȻȶ򣬴зɳ·һ⣬ˡһҧˡŮĲϡ
Ů¶֮ɫסӣȴǳˡ
Ƭ̣ԴѪӿˡۡһȻըΪһѪĭĴһƬѪ졣
ѪУһֻɫС棬񶯳򣬷ɻŮ֮Уݷ
Կ˫֮£͸Сᣬ··
ŮüЩϲһ֣Ȼ𣬽ЩѪĭɢ
ͳһϴƿеһɫĴָСҩ裬̳ѹ£ˡ
ڣˣ

ҹ
ڵɽƺһͷޣ׷ڴ֮ϣ·ɵй
С⡣
Ⱥɫ·ؿӡŻҰڤͼȻվһֱûߡ
ȻǰǸ˫ӵ̫·Ĺʿ۾֮УȻһŴĿĽ⣬Ȼڣʧˣˡ
Ȼ
һ̤漴֪Χ˶ӰһֳųͷȦ׳ʿЦӺڰ߳ˣˣ
Ǻǡ
Щ˳֣Ϊ׵ʿȴȻЦˣ˶ˣܺãӦõ˰ɣ
ʿ׳ʿһʲô漴ɫȻ䣺ɶǲնֵģˣ
ɱɱɱǣٻȥ׷ɱˣ
飬䣬Ǻ
ҵĺɱʱ𣬼ŵཻĽһбߴˣȻЩʿһŭ׷š
ڣѪ⽦˵أ
˵ģҲȺ˵ġ

С֮կʮ
һۣĿһƬ֮еӰ·һֻɫһÿһԾ㻯ֻںף漴Ӱɢ
֮У߬һֻУУתƺӡһֻʣ״Ѫ˿ְ׹ŲΡ
ľɲΡ
Ȼ󷽣ʮսʿһ£С˴£ȴһޣںǰһ࿴һֵХ
ХУСĻƷ䣬Ⱥ۶źΧ۹
˼״ɫ䣺ãʷ䣬еʥʦ
֪ͺãɱһ
Σ
֪ɴ಻ܣ˫Ŀһֽ뻳УȻһɿɲϢ
ɫһֻ޺׵״ͷգ󸩳ţһণսʿ
׵壬ˡ
һս˭Ҳûע⵽ԶУһֲʣֳȣ꣬ʱһ֮󣬽ⷽ
Ƭ̺ʮսʿ˺߸һأԪˣѪ紭
ڴʱӰһһƾɵȻһ֮һԾǺؿһӶ
ʱУѾһھӨС
һ㼴ԶɶݶȥٶȾҲþˣ֮ǰһȳһյӡ
룡
˺ߣ״Ѫվ𣬷һơ
飬أ
촫βܣӲһƣۡһ³һѪ
ȴ֮θѸˣ·һֻݣصһӹ߸ߵңһɽ֮
һΣԭؾѾӰֻµεΣ̱ǵѪ·֮ϣʾ


40 ̫ƽ
һʱ֮ɽ֮⣬һɽ·
һȻѨУȥαװ¶ݣ
ֻֽ۵һٴ³һѪֿЦ
һΣˣɫ񣬿ûôɵġ
Լڵʵ׽⡣
ΣȺͻȻֵĺ˰ԼĴæȻȥҪ۹׵ˡ
´Σ΢һҽӡ
֣ԼԴӺľӨõǰ򿪡
һ򿪣ʱ·һ֮ɽ֮УȻȻ·һɫԡ
ܵһЩССݣҲ֮÷賤㶯СҡΣ
⡭
ǰӳճľɲεݣ̣ͨɣת岻һָ೤ȴѪ˿ڲƣ״ӤѪܡ
һȻ͸оϸøԻԾ࣬ԪתٶҲӿ֡
һ̣нΪУԸϽĴ㡣
գԥһ£Ǵ뷨
ӣ벻ɾͲɣȻ˶һס
һʧܣڣͷǼΪصģʧܶΣǻȡõ㡣
ˣƣɾҲûнȡʸˣ֮ܳء
Ǵﻹġ
ľɲΣרƳˣӳԪĶʱ˵ֵ
ЩΣߴӵˣǺö
ڻᣬԪʢҪ꣬ʺʹô˵Ʒ
ң񣬽Ҳ͡
һڶԼ޼ֵļƷȡܶԼõĽһ˵Լڵãɲִ¡
һУٴαϣУѨ֮Уʱʧ
ЩССݣҲֹ֮ͣһͷʧ֮
Ͳٶ룬רˣ֮ƾ뿪ɽ
һɽ֣ܵ˵ӰڸѰӣûѰ
΢΢һЦ֮ȥȴһοʮü֮еݣЩΪߵ֮Уȥգ۾ͲӰ

º
ھ֮⣬һƬˮСɺ
ɺϣһǳأС̫ƽǡ
һ鲼£ͷңסݣС
Ƕһ¥ȳ˵㶫һϢתȥȥ˳һɷ
ڡɷУʱգ֮õɽżһЩƷ޻ɱõĲϣһЩɲҩȫܹõǧǮ
ϲƸȵڵõһЩ
Ƕġ̫ƽС׼ûԼõŵĶ
ľʮǮһҪĿ򰡣
ƷĻԪѪ۱İٵǮһ䣬٣
³¯ĹѪٵǮһƿٵǮһƿһƿˣҪ죡
߹·ݴһһˡʯƼƷϡϣҪ۲һǧǮһǧǮ
ӵ䣬һֻصĸоȻеһ˿С
һֱçĴ֣ɽ֮УΪ
һ̣Ѿȫɡ
ȻУ϶иֲۣҪһЩۣΣڣͦˡ
ĹУʵҲǷ
Ѿ߲ڣ߲۷壬һ֮ң
ʣһھǧԶġɽ
ҲӵȼߣѶһͬʱҲΨһһԶ
̫ƽǣЩʲôЩ׼
һ񣬱㼴صȡԼĽȻٲչؾޣȡͻڰ˲㡣
أΣһԿԻòٹ׵͵ǮԼַḻ˰ɣ
а
ѾЩȲڴһյĵˡ
֮ȻһҪ
ǰɽȡҹ̶ϵꡮǳβݡ帱塯İءȼɫǡ
ǧŹ׵㣬һǧǮƷϽ׹Ȼľһ
رʾɽУδ֪޴ڣػǳβݡ쵫ȡŵӣĪʧܣδǳβݱ㱻ͳɽС
ˣŭޣɱУѶȣΣգǻԪϵӣɿ
Ԫϵǿޣ
˫֮УĪĹâ
񣬲ΪǷḻĵǮŹ׵㽱
ΪǲƷϽ׹Ȼľ
߷壬콣޽浤޵壬߷֮Уעķһ塣
Ҳ˵۹콣϶ռݵһ
۸ڵ浤˿ɼ
ۼڵķ֮ϵĳ̶ȣܼ塣
ⲿȻľһżΪǿĵķš
ʹƷϽķ֮Уǲ
˹һ˵ĺȻľĵƷʼаһĸá
Ȼľһָ֣һ޳ɣκη紵ݶһһľı䶯һӳУʱԹ۲õ
ֱһĸ
ˣ˹Ȼƫķݣȴղ֮Чʮѵá
ƽһòνǧѣΣΪǳβݣ帱Ȼô˹Ϊ
Ǵʱķʮϡ١
УԶķǿֱһףһޡ
ˣгֵƷķڱصãݰܣ
ޡ
뵽ԼĻ
Ҳĳֹ֮ͨأ
Լ䲻ԪϵʵԼ߲ڣӽ˲ʵ϶Ի⣬ԸͷޣһЩر׼ĸƷӦòѰɣ
⣬Ҳգǰ̫ƽǣԼãר˹һ̫ƽַеҪԭ
Ȼ֮䣬ͣ˽Ų۾һ
Ϊһʮ꺺ӣ̯ڽһǣ˹٣塣
Ȼ̯λ֮ϣȴڷһɫͬһ֦͸ɢ΢΢Ϲ⡣
ǡ
૵صеļȴòǿѹ£Ǵ̯ȥһڵ˺ô
֮һɫͭССƺЩˣʮֹϣͭ棬һϸϸ
СǺɫҼҴı˵ռһˮװýȥҪ۲Сĳ⣬ǧٵǮͿߣΣ
̯кʮһ˪꺺ӣ۾ʱһ
СشһĴ֮һת̽űһ۸
ͷҲأ£ֱӾתȥڵ̫ˣ
𣬱𡭡
꺺ӵ̯λ԰ҲȲһˣ״æס
Ҳһ鲼£ҲʲôǮ˵ӣôǵһȥ˵
л˵л˵С絫ֻۣܿҪϸҾˣΣ
Ǻǡ
ԣعͷһ׳΢΢һЦָ٣


 ڷ


41 ɽ
٣㻹ȥ
׳۵ģûм˿۵ģƺܵĳ裬һ
ƺ뵽ʲô۾еɫַɿһͷɥİ٣ҪҪҪߡ
á
ȴ룬ΣԥӦ漴ֵһҪһܹһǧǮΣǲ
ţʲô
׳۾
һָ̯λ֮ϣǼɫ֦ͬ״͸
׳תתǧ壡
ϴαļ۸𣬵ּۻ۵⡣
룬һθʹ죬ֱһ֣ӻͳǧöǮ˹ȥãǧǧ壬
ڣƷҵˡ
˵꣬Ҳ̯Ӧ̯λ֮ϵ̺֦תȥ
˹ʹӣһγ֮⣬̯ڸоЩԾˡ
ѵҿˣ̺֦ĳﲻɣҴӳĪ񵽵
̺Ŷɫ֦һͨɣ
ԥҪҪȥ׷ŻеǧٵǮֳˡ
ɵĵڣӰȺת˼תʧӰ
״֪׷ҲˣֻεһЦкˣĽİǧĺӵ׽ɳƱ߹·Ҫˡ
˵ôһмΧ˹
漴̯λϰڵЩЩһ˸ŭءޡһתȥ
һһ߻̲ס֣ģʲôƶҲҺĽİӵ׽ɳء

뿪꺺ӵ̯λ֮طתһתһЩƳþֿħ֮ĵҩ
֮⣬ջȡ
ЩС̯ʲôöƻҪȥ̸һˣȻ˴ǣȫ׷ˡ
ȻҲȫǡ
ͱУʱŵͭǽط·͸֦״ɫ塣
ûв´ƾһ̫ƽ֮Уȫֵˡ
Ȼ֦ͭԺþûʲôϵǣƾǧٵǮ򵽴ȴռһˡ
ֻǣǰ̫ƽǵĿĲ̫ѡ
Ⱥת˼תѾߵͷһʧȥȻʲô̲סͣ˽Ų
һ಼ͷ̯λǰͣ
ô
õеģһźɫߡ
ͨ·ʣУȴƺ۵
ǺǣΪٻ֣˵칤ɽһλʦɸʶݣΪӸĻһŲͬף۸ԹҪǧǮ
Ŷô󣿡
ЩȣȻ룬ǴӻͳǧǮ˹ȥˣǣ
˵꣬źɫߣת뿪
಼ͷӰЦǺǵصллݹˡ
˵꣬ݹһСǮ۾֮Уȴһ⣬һš
һƧ֮ţлûһˮġ
Ǻɫ֣ͷ֮ȥ
մˮ漴ȫȫϣ˿Ϸ죬ܲ͸磬ͷ·ԭӦˡ
һСϪߣͷȥ漴һ
ϪˮУֳһȫİףգ䵭Įü΢΢ʾһ˿ѱ
΢΢ĻһģţֻҪ֮ˣ˿Եϳ
ö
ժߣĿ˸
ʱЩŴ칤ɽʦǵˣַ칤ɽǵȵһڣҲóˡ
ңϡ٣ֻ¾ʹһţƺһȤƷ
Ͼŵߣûж˻רģþ˳̶ȵģϡٵѼ
Ŀһ£С֣һרĵ̡
Ƭ̣ٴԾеǮѾһգ¹ƤУȴֶƷ
ٲԥûж漴ת̫ƽǡ
һΣѾֱԭҰֱͼ֮ϣǧ֮⣬ɽķ򣬼۶ȥ
Ƭ̼䣬㼴ΪһСڵ㣬ʧ

֮
һ·糾͵ڳڻɽ¡
ǰĴɽλã·궼һ
˵ʮ䣬ɽƽ񣬽ȥԣĪʧ٣·档
أ˴ݴħɽƽ֮ҹݣ˸ɽ
޵磬еޣȴԴ˵֮Աǣ˽ȥ̽飬˷֣ɽ֮Уһͷλþġޡ档
ޣޣ˵¥̨״ûξԣΪʳһݡ
ЩޣҲ֪ʵã̫ȻûһܳɹޣҪô棬ҪôͷȻͷưԡ
ЩҪɽУݵţֻзõǽȥð̽
ЩΪĵʿ֮УټĪĳ
㳹״ŭȻƺҲ֪η壬ЩŵĴڣһЩþɽûв
գΪȡǡǳβݡ˵Ҳֻһ֮ˡ
ɽϢ״̬֮󣬱㲻ԥѰҵһɽ·Сسɽ
أƺоԼԹУܵľɫһһֱڳɽߣȴܸоԼԭתȦ
ңȫָֿʹƾʵ˫ҲܿԲ֮ڵ
ԶʲôҲˡ
ѹЩʿڴɽ֮飬ͷ޵ʵȷʵЩˡ
һͷˮֱþ׿ֲãŹ֡
Ȼױ㱻ܣڽɽ֮ǰ뵽һ㣬ԣִӻͳһСƿմε͸Һ壬ε۾֮ϡ
תܸͫ١֮ϣħͫת֮
ʱ˫֮ϣһɵ̹⣬̹֮Ѹٱ䵭ɼ
ħԭһԵͫʱ͸ԴֱͫӾͿһ۽þƣֱҵͷڴɽеޱ塣
ϧʱûǾ磬һεħͫҲյŽ׶Ρ
ˣҲ㹻ˣΪħͫҲƻõ
ټղŵµĿˮд˶ƻþѰҵͷޱ壬ɱеǳβˡ
⣬Ҳ߲Ϊ͸һ˵ɽܴԭ֮һ
þһƣܵٶ첻ʲôӰ죬ɽĵ·ԥһΣֱɽ϶С
ɽƺһߣЩ⣬漴ɽȻøŨˡ


42 ǳβ
ȻСĿˮħ֣ͫٶЩη塣
ʹһЩҲؿ˻ɽ࣬ɽҹ̶ϡ
ţϲˮӱԣɽҹ̶ϣѵص㡣
ԽԽͷڻˣȻ䣬ҡԺУһľԴ͸գؼ䣬Ȼʼɫıꡣ
֮ľֿӣʹһЩӲʯ飬Ҳðһ̡
ȻһЦη壬˫֮У̵ĺâг߳ãЩɫı꣬ǻģӰԼжϣĶѡ
ֱǰȥƺɫһʴ͵ĿӶȻȴȫ޾嵣֮ɫŲԽԽ졣
أء
ƴûм˵࣬ȻĻӰ죬ҹ̶ϵͷޣڴŭ
ֻſһ磬ɫ·꣬ӿ
ЩɫһһڣڰУȻ仯ûһ۴ֵߣצ£ʮ־
ȻˣȴһЦ
ССüǰŪѣ
Դʱ޵Ĺ̶ȣӲ£ǣǻüǾͲͬˡ
޹
ҵĳԸңʲô
ֻŲ̤η·͸ûһزӰйߣȫܹ
ԾɽϢһڿУƻʵģӳơ
ͷ·ãã֮ϣͻȻһ¡
ԣմǧԽԽߡ
»ҫ£еȫһ˲·ѩȫȥ
ǰʳһڵ̶̶ˮӳϵǹ⣬á
̶ˮ֮࣬국ɫСݣҶǣ˸ŵ⡣
ҹ̶ǳβݣ
۾һϲȻд
ȴû³çǰΪʱ̶ϣԣһַֻԲ·شŵ󡣬һֻªĴĵõޣ׷һԣݺݵؿԼ
Ƥʻɫ沼С񣬷·İߵ㣬ʮֶġ
ǹ𣬷·̥ʮ£ԲģһƬѩףͷϸΣһ˫С۾ȴɫͬŲ顣
Ȼ䣬˫Уð̹⡣
̹ڰУһ£Ȼѿһ󶴣糯µȥ
ǻþôһף
һЦһ֣صƣ
һָ֣䣬һˮˮ̹⣬ȥֻδϵ֮䣬ʱһ۾Գã֮ɫ
Ȼġ龵񡱸ˣԼԼľУȫʧ
֮Կ£Ϊʵƻþʣ³
ֳʣܽһƷ裬ƣ׸
ԣһͷޣпԶЩʵǿ޸ΪɱΪʵǿΪû֮ܣ֮Ī⣬޴ӿӡ
ɱ˲ףҪɱϼѡ
һֻҽ׵ޣҲڵӱնɱһֻҽ׵ĻޣûлԪϣ붼롣
οǰͷޣԳɾˣǻƽϣʵƣϧƫƫ˶ûʱ׽⡣
һǿĻãͷӴĻޣУҲͲһͷʮСѡ
һ˲䣬Ӱ˲۽ָ䣬һɫй˸һ
ۣ
ѪŽͷʮֺİޣֱһ֮£ʧȥ
ҵʹѹѹ֮󣬾ǸĿֲԭطĴˮˡ
ˮ˳죬ȻЩֹƬ̣ѪɣͣסϢȫޡ
Ҳû뵽˴񣬾ȻеôףԭΪҪһս׼˺öƷأڿòˡ
ҲڣķһȻľֵƱˡ
ңҪǣĶԵֲֹһԺͬʱ򣬻лʹãԵҲ˵Ͽ
һУҹ̶ϣҡĵɫСݣƾշͬһСɫȫһͬһСС
пգߵͷƤѾȥǰ
䣬޿ʮϡ٣һͷףԻһǱ
ͷģʮѿѹһϵĲϣֵǮء
ͳһСϻƬ̣ȥƤУȻö䣬ԼһöΣ͸쾧塣
˾壬з·ӣ㿴һۣȻһ۾룬·λõĸо
ǣ
һУϸ˰Σ۾ɴϲ
벻ͷ޾ȻѾ˻þǿĲϣҵһЩģƳһƷײ͵Ļʵٱһֹ
νͬѰ಻ͬűһŷǳ⣬ƫŵһֶ
þӰ˵飬Ӿй٣Դʮϡ٣ΪֻлĻþΪӵԴ
ޣʮֺҪ˵۳þһϡˡ
Ի䣬ʮֺĴڣÿһֵ֣ǣʹʹãܷĪ
Ҫ˵רˡ
˵𡶺Ȼľöþļֵ֮ϡ
ϾȻľҲƷϽףȻ󣬵һ졣
ö޶ĻþƳɻֻ¿һ
ңʹպʵ˻ԣֵٵǮ
ѹ˿ģ˵˴λɽ֮УԭֻΪһǳβݵдջȫһ֮ϲˡ
֮ϵö䣬ЩӦǸеĵǰ̽գŭޣɱġ
ǵʬû棬ָû̵˻޵ĶУ
ãʱȱһö䣬Ȼֶ޵粢ʼǮɹһö
ǣȱǮ˵ʡһݣһݡ
οģպлᣬҸ׬һʡ
Ĵ̽һмֵƷһ֮ƮȻɽȥ
ߺɽʮڽɢ¶һ̵ɽ
չ͸񼣡
ɽ¾񣬵ڶ𣬼һۣʱ׷׹ߵͷΪ·ɱħ˷ˣɽ
û˸ɽֱ֮һũҵӣһѳͷС˼û£߼û£ŵӴˣкһӵϣ֮ɽǾ޴޳ªʬ塣
Щũ漴̧ߣħΧۣһѻ𣬽յøɸɾ
󣬻ɽµũңҼһһĪĳλɽɡ
ûףա
һУ뿪ȻȻ֪
ʱڻڵ·ˡ


43 ֻ
Ŀ棬˼ڤڤޱʡա棬ҹۡ
½ӣת֣
ҹ䣬š
紵Ҷ»ͬһ㵭ɴ
һ·ʯ֮ϣ泯ɡ
˼ڤڤлк̫֮С
֮һһͬߣͷβʮ졣
ûãȻ³һ۾ѹ
߰İ֮ʧһ븹У˳žֱµ
ˡһͬ죬¶һƬϲɫ
߲۷壬ͻˣ
ˣ
ڰ˲㣬أ
أʿһУٵƿ֮һ
͸һ̤
Ҳֹ߲㣬ΪеһС֡
أأ漰һɣһ
Ұѡ֮֡Ϊأƴͨһأǻۿԡ
ֱǿֵģʹģģҸģÿ˵һ쳣
ܿˣν֮١
ǣʲôˣɷˣ壬࣬ʿÿһУҪһء
ޣ٣Ůϣһڴһϣȴƽȡ
οοο
ȻֻǼ򵥵ļ⣬ȴһ֮
ֻأǼ
ͣ
ơ
ᡣ
вʮꡣ
ǰ̻Զ
뻹
δɽˮδߣδ
ǧǧ磬˼һ⣬ػأ
˭ܸʣ
˭Ը
ʣҲԸ
ȴҪ̤һ
Ϊ֮·ʹֹǲԼ׵ףûʵһж̸
ǧ꣬䣬һжΪʲô
Ϊ˿Խ
ųߣߣڴ˹֮ǰֹ
¸ߣߣһˣͻӴ̤Ĵš
ɵǳ
ǳ
ޣܳΪ㲻̤̤ܳأ
һɷ֮
⾳أƺѾΪ֮һƬҶһκ
лкֻ֮֮࣬࣬ޡ쳾𣬽ǰһһչ֣š
ͬӣһʯϵıԽԽƽͷ֮ϣȴжĺ飬ϵ䡣
գۣ֮䣬͸һƺɫ
罣͸ȻĽë֮ϣȻһѹѹ쳤һ
գزˣһǼѣ˼һҹǲУأأʲôأ
Ҫ̤˲㣬һкܳ·Ҫߡ
ʮ㣬һĲ㣬㣬߲ǷҰ˲ȴǴޡ
أʮ֮УΨһһ㲻עԪĻۣעĹؿ֮
ͨˣȻء
ͨһӣҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ҪԥǲһͻƵڰ˲㣬ٻţڴʱȻһ
Զһľ޴ɽ֮ϣһϹ⣬𣬷·
ԶԶȥ·𶨺һ㣬ץض죬߾֪棬һɼɡ
챦
ʱһ˺֮ġ
ȫûϵԼڵĵ·ϣ̶·֮䣬Ȼ¡
֪ʲôâԲҾǱԶʱң϶˱ȸϵ
챦϶ûãǰȥһۣҲǺõġ
û챦ģʹ֪ԼҲѹֲסеļ̽ѯ֮
ûжԥһѾ֮ɽԾȥ
һգۣѾϹɽ֮¼۶ȥ
Ȼвһ·̣ϹȻɢ顱һըʧ
һѵǰ˱ߣӦϢˣ
鱦ǻۣɾ֣һӦϢͻ֮
ЩԳ֮Լߣ˱Ѱá
ǲ֪ղųֵǵϹ⣬ӦǼʲô棿
ת䣬ȻûͣԼĽŲٶȣٳɽ֮µȥ
һʱ֮ɽ֮¡
ɽ֮ϵ׷ѰǵϹټʱȴȻһ˲ԶһϪϵľҴ֮
ףȻڴ˴򶷣
ĪѾֱһҲѰˣ˳ͻ鱦
ıΣٿһΣѾһʧ
һΣѾսȦΧҵһƧĵص㣬ǱĹۿ
Ȼһһȴһ㶡
ΪδȺУ⽻սУȻʶġ
һˣһһ£Ѽӷףεʮһ޴ĽԪ
Ԫ֮ϣɣɢһĻλС
һˣҪ࣬һ£˫ִһ˫Өİɫס
ֻᣬȴһͷҰ׵ͷ忡дһ˿㣬
δȴԱǻӸǿһ˫ףϺᱱ񣬻ûһһذӰ
ƮѸ缲꣬ʱһ룬ڣϣУͷֲ˼ĵط
Ҳˣ˲ֵܼڣʹϸԴˣǿˡ
Ƕ棬ȴȻҲǼӷεŵӡ
⼸ˣһˣˣΪߡһۣӢԲ԰ףǳɫ
һˣһ£ݴֺתĿ⣬ȴʾеԣҡ
ֽغϣ飡һһٴαһеʹáءһ浹ɶ
ĻһһΣ㵱ɢ
´ֺ꣬Ҳ¶Цһ߼ӽƣһ߿в̲صĵӣʮλĹ£Ȼܼʱ䣬ȷ
ҲΪֹˣ
޹ʧڴˣô͹ԹԽղŵֵġֻһ黨ãǣûãҲǰ׷ѣ
룡
һЦԥľܾһƬĮʹ֮£Ҳȫϡ
ҪֵܶҲô׵飬ڣҫǶˣձһǰɣ

ԣ´ֺֻɫ΢ǱڼӽӵĽ꣬мЦ
ŵͨӶѣȻţʦǽ黨ǿǣǾȻ顣
ڣʦ֣αظǶϻǻɱֱǣֻҪһ㣬Ҳ֪
˵ӣֻǵ㼦ëƤС£Ҳ׷£ൽʱƸǸײβļžжѣ
Ҳǣٺ٣ٸһλᣬǲ´ֺЦ
սɣ
Ŀⲻ䣬һתɫ˫ٴĳһӰ
ͬʱü䣬ȻһֻۣУ̹תɢһɵȻǶ̡
ףȻԶͫ
´ֺԾȣ漴͸Բм


44 ϻ
û뵽㾹Ȼӵ壬Сˣͫûȫѣһ㶾̣뿹ô
գҾ֪ŵӣʮ󣬵ײж󣿡
´ֺһЦָȻһ
ءһöƵںָڰвתһֱ紦
һУֶٷϣʵټɲֹʱ׸
״ʹǿ꣬ھԵʵǰ˫ĿҲǲɴһ˿ʡ
ϧٲʣҲ޿κΡ
ʱΧɱˣת飬Կͫĸ࣬Դ֮ϣͷ֮Уһѣĸо
һۿ֮ˡ
ֻεؿһԶøҵĻӣ۾¶һ˿ůӣֻ±ӣˡ
ǻҲŤͷ˵Ŀڰжһۣ˶ԷеľȻ
漴ϱ˸ǿҿɲϢ

Ȼǣ
Ӻͻ꣬Ǳˣ֮ǰУһͬʱѡڵʮ֮´ư֡
ǽ´ֺ꣬Ӳİ
ǰɽУйһ֮Եǳľ˴ξȻڴ
˶ˣʮ֮УߵġʹָڣԼڰ˵ġʥ֡ҫ
ϴγֵŮݷݷûٴγ֣֪Ϊʲô
ˣƺΪһСֻĶֻǣ⡰ֻʲô
ѵǸղϹ콵ıֻѾ˷֣ȥڴ˲᣿
ֲǵȱڣҫ˵ԣֻɱ֣ڡ
ҪҪأ
Ŀ¶˼

ƴˣһУ
˫ĿУ¶ᶨܣһɫȻת
â˫֮͸֮һƬۡ
˫ֲһ¹ƤץһѺɫɳ¶Ȼһ
ɳһ˲䣬ʹſԸףӣѸٵؿήͬʧȥĻ䡣
ͷϵİ׷Ҳһ˲ٴα࣬ӡ
һߣͬʱҲһڣ漴һƬ㣬˫߰˸ӡ뵽ǰĽԪ֮С
ʱԪ֮УĽ⡣
һצ¹ͷĽȻУʱһ߿

ţҪƴô
´ֺ¶мҲҵ
˫һӲӣۻ޴ȻͬɽֱϮӵĽ
ƣ
һߣ´ֺһһתָȻͬʱڣң֮ɫ
ָڿ絯ʯ٣һں͸ָڿ֯һƬĻ赲סĺɳ
ʹָָ
飬飡
죬þȫԪϢĽһƣɢһʵĵ
Ӳӵľƣһ˿ںڣֱӻлؿڣ޴ƺ漴һѵ졣
ͬڵУ˵ɶ;ײʮյ䵽һС֮£ͣ
ۡһ³һѪɫήֽ
ư֣ͬȻʵѹ׵ľУϾĲ
ڣΪʮ֮һ͸ΪټϾԵʽѹƣôǶ֡
ۣ
ͬһѪǰںڵָָУð̣ɫٻɢԶ
ѵתͷԶѾĻӣ¶һ˿ѹ֮ɫ֣ˡ

ڣҫ˼״ʱɹЦ漴䣬ңһǰһ󣬷ư´ˣҪɱ֡
ڴʱж磬ܺ˪ͻ֣غȻһľ˪
ͬʱһӰ˶ͷɫߣ£ҡμ䣬͵ưǰ
һץסǵ죬ȥԾ䣬ͲӰ
ڣҫˣ־֮ʱȻ䣬ǳ֮⡣
ͻǵһӦɱ֣ǸԷ̬һƣɢ硣
ֱȫޣֵлָžٿʱԭѾֻʣһƬǽ塣
ǻˣȫû˻ֻ֮׸ڵӣʧ
ɶ񡭡
ҫһĿ֮ϣγѪ
һ£òֺһڣȴʧķֳ˼
ֻڵ֣㲻ãһĻǰɽУͻȻ֣ʧ뿪Ļ𣿡
Ȼͬǣɶþ
ţ㲻˵һˣѵȻСӸƻǵĺ£һٶλȥҲμСȣһҪÿ
š
ɫ䣬۾棬صɱһ֡
ʧķĿþò

㵽˭ΪʲôҪǣ
ʱ֮ɽһߣѾȷ׷ٵˣǴϢԼȴһˣԶԶʮԶһ֮£
˰ΣϢϣ˹һ񣬿ʵ
ʱǻҲ˹ǶıӰ۾һ˿֮ɫȻڵ
λѣǳʶǡȴĪǣҲӣ
š
תͷʱѾժߣ¶ݣ΢΢һЦڵ֣֣þò
㡭
ӺͻʵĿһŶȻʲôʱ󾪣⡭
ǵǸ壬ȴֱеĲ꣬
ǵľлư֣λҵĺֵܳ´
ǽ̨±㶷ƺһˡ
˵˵
վ˹ȥ˵ղλʵǣܸʮ֮ãϲɺذ
һͬţλƾʵʵĳȴ˺ţǲý

۾¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫĿϹۣȻˬһЦ֮ǰֻ㣬ڣȴѵ߲۷壬˲Ҳһ֮ңÿϲɺأ
˳ɼȻ֮Ϊ塣׾ǵǼ˵ӣ۰
Եͻƶѣ㲻ʲôλǱɽϹĪǣҲΪ˶

ư̹Ȼϣ΢΢һЦȻִӻͳһڴĽɫ䣬Եһϸϸߡ
ǻĲݣȴͨ崿ڣɢһɹɭ֮
ΪֻƷ֮һʺ֮ˡ
һ𣬱ڸһ񣬱ϹŸⷢ֡
˻Ϲ챦ҲǷǡڵǡɿִҪǽ
ǲӣǾɱ˶ᱦ֮ġ
֮ȣֻ͸֣Ϊлɣ
˵꣬ǰһȻһ֣ͽе컨
״ϸۻɫȻһЦλãιأ
οã֣󣬾ԼŰɡ
ҲԵɺϣ˶λһζѣλ÷ϣϹ챦Ե˵Ѱһ˵þܵõһԵ
ţ
ϸۣȷʵ˵Цһ漴滨·뻳Уһ֣
ˣǱȴ֮ˣλѣֵܽˣԺ⣬£иͬѹ
Ϲ䲻֪αȴһ²⣬ַ
ŶǺ񣿡Ȥ淢ʵ
û´һضϻ񣬾͵̫ɽУҪҵȴҪһˡĿ¶϶˵
Ŷϻ񣿡૵صһк֮
Ҫ˵죬Ǳǣ޼᲻ݣɻ٣Ѩ۶ʮһ磬һߣǧһɣ֮ߵ֮࣬кΪߣؼ⡣
ʮ꣬꣬ǧʱԻо޴󶯾ղڣӦȥμܲҵȫԵˡ
ǵȷǲܴˣλˣжѰһ̫ɽ
ðû⣬̫ɽҲǸһɽɽçç֪㣬ͬѰʸСҷҲ÷֡
һ£˸ԷһУ˭ȷ֣˭ġᣬ˹ֿͬͬ䣬Σ
ãû⣬Ǿ͸Գɣ
һͷûʲôƽӦʡ
ư´ָԻͳһҩ£жް󣬵һͷ
Ӱ򣬸ӳѰϻӰ
˭ҵȫ˸ԵĻԵˡ


45 ϴī̶º
̫ɽִλûߣߡ
һֻ͸ԹҰʧƬ̣㼴ٴθ֡
֪ѰϻĿʮ֮С̫ɽ֮۷̥дʱ
˵ϻԼ飬֡
Ҳĳһغ۵Ŀ֦һľȣ䣬ϧһľȥ򲻿ܷ֡
ôĵطҲȥһһϸۿֻۻӹĿԾ͸
Ҫ˵пϻڶϱʹҵϸҲǰ׷ʱ䡣
Իô˻ᣬһһѰһԵ
ҵȻãҲҲûʲôϧģΪͲ֮ܲΪ˰װ˷ʱ䡣
һʱ֮˸ǿȵıĹȣͣ
ǰһֱ߷壬ֱʲ졣
ɽ֮һڸ߸ߵɽۣ֮ɽȥϣʳߡ
£һһддӡ
֮ϣϢ
ʱ̫𣬲ԣˮ֮УӳճһȺɫϺȺ
ЩϺȺ£ө˸ˮУʮ׳ۡ
˾Ǵ˴ӽϺˣ˵ʮ
ɽ²ƽÿճ;棬ɽȡ෷ɽķᡣ
Ҳù̲ĵÿɽʮΣʱ򣬻ϢڶԴͷ
ϢƬ֮ɴߡ
֮ףۣγһ̶
̶ʮ죬ͨںڣͬīˮ̶ʯȣͬ⣬Դ
紵ҶҡҷΣ쳣
˴Ϊϴī̶̶ˮںڣȴ쳣һڣƣһʤ
һ·ûְɫӵĺۼѲϣҲѰ̶ֱĿ
׼Ȱʱٻȥư֣˼ϣǸǷֱȻš
ԪϢһȦȦߣ߲ľ˲أңңڣƺһȦ޴ƿ֪շͻơ
ɫ̧һգ׹ѾԼۻ֮ʱ
ٵ¶ֿһıߵľɫȻһѾ漴۷γԭ·Ӷء
һʱ֮ص˷ֱĵص㣬ӣưѾȴˡ
ֶһЦ֪ǰ׷ˣûаɫӵĺۼ
ڼҲһɫ˳ҹȥԣư²ꡰϻ񡱡
һܷʯ𣬶һֻԶҰɽ򣬵տ
һҰɽ磬֬Ρ
˶һ죬Ҳֳݣץͳԡ
ֻɽΪ׳Ҳ˷֡
ܿ죬˶Եͣ¹ͳʵоȥһͷҲԹ⡣
Ȼоһӣưˣûһ˳Եö࣬ѹΣҲΪˡ
ɾ֬˵ն
ǣ˵һѰңطš
һ뷨֮ȴԼͬ˵ԼҲɣֻһ
ڴ˵ȴһ죬ɣһ𷵻أҲиӦ
ȻҲԼˣôĿĵȥҲҵɴ಻˷ʱ䡣
һ룬һʱҲ鲻ʲô˵ȷȤͶҲͲپܾҲͲԥӦ
漴̸֪˵һͬʱŵʮˡ
Ӧѩ飬ư֣ӣ£Ͼ飬ǡ
ʮȻͬһʱţȴԲͬ
ǰ뿪ưֵһģȴ֪һ
˽Щɽ壬ʵΣ
ʮУ֮⣬Ӧѩ飬Ͼ飬콣ȺǿѡߣֱӳΪŵӣɷˡ
ʵȷɫ˵Ҳμʡ
˭ء
Уưֽ֮֮һ浤塣
ᰮҩܽ˷壬ƸҩжԣҪ
½˵֮һ壬ΪѸߣ˵Ҳ߲ӡ
бһλϿУһСܷӳɫͻֱӱλΪӣš
Ӻݶ֮ͣеİٻ壬챻һȺŮΧƣݺݺ࣬ò⡣
ִ󷽣Ҿˣԣʹڰٻǵʢ˥֮أȻҲ÷ˮ𣬷˰ٻһλСִ£ֵƹһЩҪ
֮еĺǣ֮ǰӵľꡣ
츳ξҲϼѣľϵֲóѡ֮һʥٷ壬ѧϰɣҲĵá
֮ˣϤ˵һ壬һ˰ٻ塣
һ߷ʮˣȻٶһλ˵ӡ
˲ͬǣˣѾֱӳΪŵӣʣ°ˣȴԻŴתѡ
пһԼ֮ͬرҲͲ˷ʱ䣬һɾڣĿϢˡ
ڶһ磬ưΪ˲õȣֱӳȥǴеȥˡ
˼뼰֮أ羰ĽˣȻһ棬һתȻֳϴī̶ٴζ
Ƭ̺صǴī̶ߡ
һʯ֮ϣ泯֣Ŀɣ˿˿֮Уֶһգ֮С
֮ڣˮҲ֪һ֮ɫ
ʱһһֹȥתѹ磬չңһĳ
һ漴ѣ۾ϢһᣬȻһһֵ
ޱȣ紵ܣϸŶ̡
һ·죬Ķ䣬ĺҲ
ţ⣿
Ȼ۾һϴīرߣһ겻ָϸ
񳤲磬зǳ۵һ̶꣬һʯ֮ϣһ֮⡣
֮£ŲҶֻܿһСһСΡ
Ȼ¶һСΣȴǹ⻬ϸ壬һ㡣
Ҳϴīϣд񣬽ˣʲôֵġ
ȻʱȴԴ֮Ϸ·һȻ죬Ρ
Ȼ䣬һ˫ۡ
ħͫ
Ĺ⻪ͬɫȻ˫֮һնС
ͣ
·һȼϽľһ͡αװѸٱ䣬չ£ӰãǴ̵ɫȻ͸
һֵ̣ɣ·쳾λã档
̣ǣϻ񣿡


46 ţϣ
ЩĿɿڴ
û뵽ԼѰŵϱȻƤһ۵
ڴһ죬ȫ޷֡
ưֵһ죻ͻȻһٴλصϴīϡ
ǶȻһ紵
ʢ֮ʱ
ֻҲ벻ЩǱѰŵϻ
֮棬ȴԲʧۣ֮
һ̣ĵĸܵԵľϲĪѿ
ʶ®ɽĿֻԵڴɽУ
ϲԼϲ챦ϲãѿȴԼ۲ʶ飬챦
ƺܵԼαװ䣬һҡΣȻ£̶ˮȥ
״ԸһΣѾֱǰ
һȦ֣Ѿһս֮С
ľˣַ޷ϡ
ԣһ;Ҳ벻֮ˡ
˭뵽һӣȻҲαװĻɫ
˭֪ԼһͨӣͲƤ£㿴üš
ǣʵټ
޶﷢ֵö䣬ãѡһöȽͨô۵Ľָָϡ
еջԼõƷȫС
ֻһЩǺҪģЯͳҲһαװ
ö۵ĴУּһ˺棬ֵǵϻ
ûжһΣѾתȥ
ʧȥϻϴī̶̶ˮѸ͸ף漴¶ɱĺӴ
ܵƬ֣Ҳ·֮ʧȥ˹ʣԭɫݸɣƣϸϸܵơ

ʱ֣ưֺͳѾ΢ʰһ漴ٶ̫ɽķȥ
ʱ֣ɺϣ̫ƽ⡣
һۣưֿڵҹУգǲȥ˳Ϣһҹټ̸·Ӧþܻص֮ˡ
á
޿޲ɣȴǴϲһ뵽ƿʳɳԣ˿ɹۣ۾УһƬ⡣
ֻ
ءظ죬ʾĺˬһףֵٽֵһѣֵף
ҲΪȫӷϴףһ
ҹ޾ƣ
Žɭϣûȷ涨ƣҲнⷬ
ǲ̫ƽõľ¥̫ƽ¥úóһҲһ˽ʶһ˴УԼʶʶ˼ƣ׼ʲô̶ȣ
ã֪Ѿܲˣ߰ɣ
ưֹһЦһļͷֲֵص
һΣͬʱӰ˳С

ڶ̫ƽǡ
һΣǰȥɽĹ֮УΪԷһר׼ټ֮ȫûϡ
ΣʱԣԺúùһ
˳֮ûоø˴·̣ҲЩˣֱӿ˵̫ƽ¥
Ƭ֮˱ģߵǶ¥֮¡
¥ԼٳߣоŲ㣬ԽϣװԽǻ羰Խ׳
ƾԶٷ۾̫ƽǣɺľ
Ȼ¥ϣҲκ˶ϵȥģҪǮҪݡ
˽֮ûֱͣȥ
һ²ñĵСƲҵһӭǰͷλүҪᣬֱڴòͣ
㣡
ϣλ롣
Сֱӽ˴¥Ҫһȥ
Ȼƺ֪ĹأһװһԼ°ڡ
ʱһöɫһĹƣһöĽԪȻĿࡣ
·С۹侫׼ֻһۣ㿴ǴŵӵٿǸ޴Щ׵ĽԪ۾һӱֱˡ
󣬱ʱùһ䵽ϣ¥죺λ룬¥
С쵽ڰ˲㣬һ㣬ȥ˵дƣô֮󣬱㼴һƲˣѸ
ӴһöССӣ漴ϲȥ
¥յǮҲսֻûеǮôͨѣͣҲ㹻ˡ
һСžƲˣһߴܣȻǷԲ֮ʢľ¥Ȼɡ
ϣƶֻҪŤͷһۣܿããɺһشŵ£ڴ֮ϡ
̫ƽǣȴһֻε̣ǽ£Ȼд˶ٵӣԳڽ¡
ٴԶǧˮ뵣ˮ紵Ʈ裬˼ϣ쳾ɣһζͷ


47 ţ£
һ̫ƽ¥Ȼ鴫һҴҶУټһˣҲû£Դһʤ
һƣҲһһЩ;Ȥš
Ȼᵽû֮Сȣ漴ͳϣһתѯʵ֣Сȣɻμӣ
˵ͷ漴ҡҡͷʱ֪Ķʦ
Ŷ
һϧӦѩϾ飬Ѿţһʮӣ˶ȷμӣһˣʵ̫ϧ
ưҲ廰ڵʵʹʮӣٻøǰʮǰʮ㲻һȥõ㽱򣬻߼ʶһҲǺõġ
ԣͷҲãʱ򲻹һ᲻μӣ϶Ҫȥʶһʶġ
á
ưֽǵͷǣ漴ٶ̸ȴȤѯʵ˽ӴĶ֪࣬Сȣʲô֮
⣿
ưһ漴ưֽӻ죬һ鵭㳴У׽£漴˵Ҫ˵⣬ҲûУ˵Ҫȴȷÿء
Ŷô˵
һƣʵ
ư΢΢һЦҲǫãϵľƱһ˵
СȣغˣţֽҪǣڵ߷ݵλϢϢأ
Ŷ߷йأʲôϵ
һ֣ʵ
ưһУһڽ¶ȥ˵
Сȣÿӣлò׵Σ򲻽ջͽЧԼеĵλݣÿΡ
߷֮еڵʵǲһģȣ͸߳
Уһ콣壬ֱ壬߳
һ콣壬ǰţ壬Ķ֮һţҲֻһ롣
˱ȽϣҲ˵һ콣壬壬⸣֮ϣʮ֮ࡣ
⣬ǲ࣡
С֮߷彫ݱٴθ
ĿɿڴףΪʲô콣ӣһֱȺס
ֹΪͽʱʵ⣬ǹ⸣һͲܱȵϵġ
ͨӶʮĸֻҪһͷҲܿһЩ
գư̾һĳصǹغ֮£ԲС
㲻ܶõһҲһҲҪ֤Լɽ䣬һһ꣬Ų١
ɽ壬һ꣬͵壬Ҫٵһ룬Ҳֻ콣Ķʮķ֮һѾ΢ԺԲˡԣʮҡ
û֧֣Ŭʮ಻˵Ϊܵƣô׷ҲǺ׷ǰ˵ġ
ѹ֡۾ֱ૵ص
߷شãĩĻ壬ȴûչκķš
ƲΪĩԡ
пܣ涼ĩһȥ˰ɣﻹǵʲô
ԭһҲΪûвμӹСȵ顣
Ϊ弸ӲյӣûеӣȻҲûŵıҪ
ģһһ꣬Լ׳ɣĹߣҲҲû˹ע壬ҪᣬӷŸˡ
һ˵ãΪ˳ûԼĸǱҪǰȥһˡ
ң㲻ΪԼΪʦΪ˻壬Ҳ⡣
뼰ˣ˫ĿУһ⣬һţǰ¶ġ
ϣȴʵ߷壬콣һ߷ûб䶯
ưָشУʮϡ٣
Ц߷֮У콣Ⱥףܼ춼ǵһֻ⡭
˵ƺʲô÷ǳŹ֣һۣͻȻѹ˵һΣ壬˵ʱ콣壬߷һ䶯һʱ
ţ
û뵽廹йĳɼʵһ׵Ļ壬䵽ĵزȻӵйҫʱ̣ùһεһ
һأٴʵ
ưӹŹ֣ԥ˰֮󣬻ǻشһΣ˵Ҳйء
͸Ĳ飬Ц飬಻ֻ֪ż˵ƺ콣˵ʱĻȷ¶ģһ첻һ콣Ӳμӱԡ
콣䵹һͻ岢ŵ
Ҳ죬콣һףҲʷǰΨһһΣΪܴ衣
оͽֹ£ƺ漰ʲôɣ
⡭
Ҳˣʵڲ֪죬ֹ漣콣ʧصһȻΪ֮ʡ
ΪΣǰǿĻ壬䵽ҵĵزˣ
Ťͷư֣ȻưֿЦһ̯֣ҡҡͷԼȷ֪
ʱףʲʲôˡ
ԼһҲһոսŵŵӣӵϢޣ;˵ҲԼ֪öһ㡣
οţһüϣҪֻ֪࣬Լȥˡ
ûپ£ʵأ콣浤һֱ壻ʥ٣ٻһֱ𣿡
ưֻشǰ˵ǵģʥ٣Ͱٻ壬콣浤壬Ҳ֪һʲô飬ֱӸλűڵľ档
飬Ͳҵŵӣ̽ѯʵ˵ˡ
š˵ͷҲͲϸʣԲˡ
УȴĪľ⡣
壬Ƕ߷һңһΣͬ콣е
꣬׷ʲô飿
壬Ϊǿֽȴį
Ҳ𰸣ȴԻΪ١Ѿ¶ģһСȣԼڱУһҪμˡ
ΪΪѪڵĹȥҲһҪһΣ
һ´ƣʢ˸ԻطϢҹˣ۾еľȴѸѡ
֣Լ֮ǰ̯λ֮򵽵ķٻֻ֮ϣװһ֮󣬴ֱһƫƧʯ
һɫͷĹ
֮У˵һλʮóǻ칤ʦʦ


48 žɮ
һʱ֮ٴδʯ֮ݳ
ڵ֮£ޱ飬վԭһ˼㼴׼ٴγ˾סĿջݶ
Ƭ̣һ죬ѾصУժߣϥشϡ
ǵȴˡ
һ£øСȵӣϣһһأҪ̫õʱ򡣡
ʦӦҲ˰ɣ
ͷ¡
֪оӿһ˼
գڣ

ڶգ峿
ư֣Ӷ˽漴ûͣǮ֮󣬱㼴뿪̫ƽǣķɳ۶ȥ
Ƭ̫֮ƽ󣬱ѾһСڵ㡣
ٹƬ̣㳹ʧ
ͷһۣ۾һĨڴ漴תͷ׷ǰˡ
һ·۵糸ɽȪʳҰתۼ䣬һʱѾȥ
ڶʱ֣˳󲻹֮ңɽ֮¡
ֻҪԽɽǵΧ
ӵƣܴһؾֱͨڲپĽˡ
ʽӲеĸֻЯƵĵӣпܴӴͨػ߻ɱ
쵽ˣ
۾ӹһ˿ϲȻӾʣӺ棬ǣվãһֿ֮顣
š
ʹư֮ˣ֮һ˿汼ôãΪǻصһ̣
ߣ
һ·ֻ룬طɽ֮СٹƬ̣㼴ɽΧ·ԽԽ
ţ
Ȼ֮䣬˸оȫһ·ʲô˵Ұ޶ס
ڰУƺһ˫۾һֱضǡ
˭
ȵͣΣڳʽȵ
Ǻǡ
ԶڰһЦңʵȻȴûаӰ֡
ߣ
ưɫأҲо˲˻һͷķȥ
ֻҪ壬㰲ȫˣΪûˣɱˣûˣϮӡ
Ǻǡ
ڰУֻһЦưΧ˷ڼЦ
ܸˣֻһЦ·еѾʧѾʵһξ
ͷƤ飬ܵ˿̹ǵĺ⡣
˵ʵһԶǣԲֹԪֻѾһ˿ѨĿܡ
˶֪䣬Ҷ
˴ȻѾΧȴպó󶥼ǿ̽ķΧ뿿ԼǱĶ򲻿ܡ
ߣ
˶һۣ˶Է۾еأһͼֿٶȣǰ
ֻҪǰʮʮ֮зǿߵʶ̽Χ
˵԰ȫڰǲ֪ǹĹȴԲ̫
Ȼ㱼˰ʱ˻ͷһۣȴǷ˶ԷеĺȻ
ǵٶȣʱѾԶԭؼʮﷶΧڣȴ֣Լƺһֱԭ̤ûƶֹ
ڰУǵЦһһΣƺࡣ
һŨŨѪϢͬʬɽѪ
ŨŨѪǺǵǶһʡ
㵽˭
о֪ҲһĽɴ಻˷ƣһ棬ưԶĺڰкȵ
˭˭ң˭
ɳƵٴܣƺȻƮһֻֻѪɫĭ
ĭУֳ޾Ļ
УһѪɫۣײĹͷУ߳
ĸߴͷ̣̽ƴײѪɫۣԭǻɫȴ˰죬ǴϾδϴѪȾɡ
һŻʬɽѪϢǴϴ
ϣͷǿ־ͲʣǱ飬ȻǱ
ӣ
ưһۿȥϵɫøѿˡ
ϳһʹõĹ
˹һŷǳƷн׹ʹó󣬶ʱڣϻһϹĺۼҪһʱɢ
Ѫۺͷ֮һԱժ²ãϸղʩչĺۼʮۡ
ǺǡҲˣŵӣǵʮ壬ʮǣǵʮߣʮˣʮŸ
ٻɱһҾ뿪˲ĵطˡ
͸ǵļպãǧҪӶˣȻҿǻᷢŭŶ
ǸʬɽѪһĿֲУ¶Цݣжȴа̣·Ƥһӣͷư֡
ӣ
֮ͫУ̹һԣȻɳһߣۣͷԶԶɳײһ֮ϡ
䣡һ춯صľ޴ըУǽһƬǸӵͷȻըԽĴɽһء
ưȻҲǸ³ç֮ˣѣ֪ԣУһöȻɳͷһƫʮ⴦֮⡣
һҺн֮죬ľһ˲ȫݻƣ
Ǿ綾
ưɫʱˣǸãֻᱬըմһ㣬ǾֱӾͳʬˡ
ǣžУ
ԺϢϣһֲ֣ͷ
ư֣ɫһ䣬Լͬ֡


49 
δɵС޶ȻϵϷ򣬲·һһ㣬Դб
ž¶ЦݣȻЦݣУȴǿò
ͷɸֳһ˿
ûϵôãҲһֱû£Ҫڵʱ̣ȴħͷ
գҲôɣֻܹ̫ùˡ
žУڵаħߴʮ壬ϸ߹ҳɫΣ벽Ѩĸˡ
ţʵԶͨѨﵽѨжεĵزµѨǿߣѳһ֮
ССڵӣܿӲ˵ģ
ߣ
ͷҲأתܡ
ȻѪĭӿ𣬶ȻǰΧһֻžħץ
˻ǲɴһ䣬֪ܲˡ
벽ѨǿѾԳȻ֮ɻþӲƴ֮⣬;
Ȼ֪ϣã˶ǱĿ֮һۣưȿڣƴˡ
ü۴򿪣ת۳״Ѫ¶ɮݺݴȥ
С
Ѫ¶ɮֲмһӣưַ㼴ɢʧӰ١
Ӽ״ͷӿ𣬵ȴǲԸ־¾ԪԪ֮ϣţһһ˿С
쳹һ쳹ص֮
УļžС
úá
Ѫ¶ɮϷ֮ɫſһ
ˣ
һڰɳ䣬ɢ
Ƥݺݵضһ¡
⣬ǰ벽Ѩʵ߸һΣ⻹ô
ǣ֪첻ˣҪôҪôƴ
аѪ¶ɮһʲôĿģֻѪ߰ߣ֪ܷŹԼˡ
ҲҪϻһۣ
һҧ˲ݡܷ˻һ͸ӰڿʧӰѪ¶ɮ
ף
Ѫ¶ɮϷʵĿУ״ֳһξȣȻֻ˸£漴һצƾһһӡ
ۣ
Ӱ֣Ѫˣһˡ
ͷȻ
ԷȻԼǻȻǿ󣬵ȴ߹Լ׵ǿߡ
ϷŪˣҲýˣ
벽ѨǿϢѪ¶ɮ֮䣬ѪΧסһƬء
ˣʱʬɽѪ֮УѪУһѿݹǶȻһݹħˣצץ
ˣ类徹жõĴ
Ӱϳ£·һ̣޵Ԩ
˽֮£˵Ǳ
ư۾ĹâȻץ¹Ƥǰһ
ۣ
֮䣬·ȻһƬɫɳĮɫɳĮ֮ﾡԶУһһĽۡ
Ʊĺ쳾ǧɳǼСһһȤô˵ȷܿϧ
˵ſϧѪ¶ɮŲȴͣһһɼ紵𣬾ǰѪɳ
ɳʱ紵ûһܿߣȻ棬֮ϣʱһӿݵĺڶ
ư类׻Ȼ󵹷ɳȥ
ۣҲͲס죬һȺѪҺ±أȾ÷䣬ɷ޴Ŀ
ˣ
С۾ˣǷߣһӴϢϳ𣬾Ȼ˲˼
ƴˣ
ȻӻУͳһֻɫƿɫƿУһСɢſֲϢĻ쵤ҩ
쵤ҩ֮ϣƺһӰҪƵ̫顣
һԥһҧֳȻ֮ɫһͷҩȫ̷ȥ
С׻굤
е˼ˣСͲ»ûŵʵǣͰԼը𣿡
Ѫ¶ɮȫȻûֹ˼ֹһЦһϷı顣
ƼˣȻϽˣҲɮܶ˵ġ
׻Ϊؽ顪Ԫ񣬱
һȣУ֮䣬Ȼһɫ
оǰľ޴ԪԽԽߣԽԽߣɽӿ֣һ˲侹ܵѪЩ
һĨĳ죬ƺȻ࣬Ȼ³һھѪ
飡
֮ϣԪһɫֱֱѪ¶ɮǧ׹أɽ
½һʱ򣬽ɫԪһ˲䱬ըǴĿĽ⣬ڸǰһߣأƺȻף

³һѪԣײײĳ˼һƨڵϣѾȫѪɫֻ˵ļ
Ȼþȫһ̷öѹեǱݱĽ鵤Ȼעһˡ
Ȼ˾춯صľȴڶѪ¶ɮУֻһЦ
лԪڵʵˣԶ
һջûһֻѪƣͽнȫ飬Ϊǹ⣬ŵӰ١
״۾еһҲѸʧһήͳȥ˹ȥ
ֳʣһˡ


50 ǿƿ
ǺǣСӣĻҪôˣƾһˣǲҪˣ͹ԹԲðɣ
Ѫ¶ɮ¸¹Ц죬״Ƽ˷ܡ
һʼȫ֣ȫûȫʬ
ƺϲĴ£һһһʹ죬ÿġ
̬
ŭһϢأ𣬻ӿһɱҵϢ
طԪѪ
ϵƣѸ߲۷壬˲ΣȻǰ˲жΣ˲߶Ρ
һֱ˲۷壬ȫֹͣʱʵѾһǰδеĵز
¡
һĳָ۳Хţһ𣬳ŶѪ¶ɮȥ
УϳһԼɵľ޴״

Ѫ¶ɮ΢ЦмһſڣȻȫһգ˶
ʲôֶΣҲһʹɣҪ֪߲㣬Ͱ벽Ѩ֮䣬׸Ŷٵ蹵
𣿡
ͻȻ¶Ц
񷣣֮

ȳһ֣Ȼ䣬Ѫ¶ɮϱ֣ĶǸ֮䣬һһев
㵽ʲô
˲о˲һݲ䣬͵ߣץȥΪʡ
Ȼϣٴһ黯Ȼʧһ̣Ѿڼʮɿ⡣
ɶ񣡡
Ѫ¶ɮξٶڴʱڣҵĺѾҲ޷ѹƣ顱һ죬һ侪춯صĢƱ֮䣬ȻһƬڰ
ڰ󣬾ļž
һ⣬һöö࣬Ѫǣؽǣ֮ϣѿĴ϶ֱԶ
һƬǧٿףѪþʧ˳һɽС
ȻʱɽУһƬǽ壬Ҳԭӡ
һ
ͷҲԸоȣȻϲ涸Ȼѿ
һѪȱһһֵħͷмΪһѪӰ˻ƴУҺޣҺšСӣҪ
ѪɽٴӶ־ۣǣ࣬⣬ȫû˸оˣ类ʬɽѪΧ
û
д֮һܵ⡣
ȻʱԭѾɵڵأ״˵ư֣Ȼ̯һάάФɾƳɵȻĸ֣Ѫ¶ɮ
;УչһţصغѪ¶ɮ
䣡
һ춯صľٴδ˵Ѫ¶ɮһ£Ϣˣŵתͷ㡭㡭
ץסᣬβ˷ָ䣬ʮָòͬߣһۻҵӡ
һööֵķҶƮ䣬ƻãƲʵȴֲɱ
üӰɮ
ͬʱһµư֣Ҳǿƣϣͷ΢״İᣬ֦ڣҶ롭
һöһöƾշ𣬷ݡ֮Ѫ¶ɮܸҪѨȥ
ãáû뵽գȻԵСϣʹˣҲҪɱǡ
һֻѾȥһۣһֻ縺ڱһ
Ӱ֣Χ̮ӿһѪ󺣣ưΧ
۾仯Ƕˣû
ǣɫ⻪ȴжȻֱֱѪ֮ϡ
ͬʱһ˿ԥһ˿ָ䣬һöϸСɫУһ֣ȻһָصĴ
һΣɫͬУƿѪˣֱӵѪ¶ɮǰ
أء
ưֵĹδѪ¶ɮѪƾѾǰ˺޵ֱֿ֮ӱһı⣬ԶԶɳ
һµư֣ٴαѪȾ죬Ҳֲס顱һȥ˿
Ҳòȥ۵һ³һѪɫֽҲǳ࣬ˡ
ȻȴȻɴ۾Ŷ档
Ѫ¶ɮЦȴȻѪ֮Уһ㲻۵⣬Ѹٻƿǰ
漴һɷĿϢֱϮʹԶɽĲһѪۡ
ǣ
־֣ʣһֱֻȻ̧𣬳һ
ͣ
мһֻƵ£漴ⶸȻѪ¶ɮ۵Ŵ۵һʺ

ǻɺͲʣͨһ浹£۾ɵôģǿߣǲ⡣
ĵ£ӴȴֳϸϸѪߡ
ѪԽԽ죬ԽԽޣһըѣһѪ쭶֮Զ
һᣬѪ¶ɮȥףΪʲôڵСӣȻܷвĹ
Ϊʲô
ϧٶĲ⣬Ҳȥɢú塣
ٸһεĻᣬһҿԣ˵ǰ档
Ѫ¶ɮڵ£ͷһɣҲһᣬֱֱͨһˤڵϣֱ˹ȥ
ԭأֻʣһƬǽ壬ʾŸղһսĲпᡣ


51 һûзƤĽ
Ƭ֮󣬻
ȿȡ֧ȷһӺưߣҲǸԷһ
ȥɽ֮ǰǰΪԷһ
ɽûõţⲻʮĵطȴ飬Ҫⵤҩ
Ҳҵ飬͵رĿϢ
Ƭ̣ҩĳưȺۿһԱػ˵ٿһƬǽӣǲɵðľһۣѪ¶ɮˣûɱǣ
ȻƬ̣ϸС۾㶸Ȼ󣬳˲˼֮ɫȻˡѵ
Ѳк󸣣˵ôʲô˾ͶţǵøϽʰһ£ߣô󶯾֪»ˡ
ǰǰ
ưһ£漴ҲӦ˵ز˾䲻֪λǰг֣ҵȣһģǰԸ¶棬ư֪ǧ౨
һ㵣΢ȴûг
ΪǸְɣ췣֮Ҳң»ԼС鷳
£Ȼᣬ֮˵ˡ
ӡȣȡϳɫеаħǾȻûˣȥһҪúüݼݷ档
ȣѾָһħʬҪҪȥ˵ֵٹ׵㡣
Ǹԡ
ưԣûصһ£ǵͷ϶Ҫģħ֮ߣ˷ѣ
һ£ϵжȫó䡣Ͳôˣͷ­£ȥù׵Ǯƽ֡
á
߰ɣ
˶Լ֮ʹˣҧһߣߵѪ¶ɮʬǰ
΢һ£ưְ֣ʬڱֲȼգ࣬Ȼʺһɱ
ʽʮǿлԪڵʵ䲻⣬ɹ
λǰԸ¶棬ԭˣΪʹҲֻܿ͵Ϯֶ֣ʵ̫ˣ
Ѫ¶ɮʬϷƬ̣ȫҳ߰Ӱ˵С
ЩƷУкһƱʮһָֻϼתƼΪһɫ壬һֻᣬ״ء
֮⣬ţɫƿһٶס
ߣ
ԶǷɶ֮˲ҵжһ԰𣬷뻳УӺٷ֡
ַɿѪ¶ɮͷ­׼һ򣬷ɿȥȥټ
뿪ûãԭطٿ˵Ӱ
ˣһһʹֽᣬȴ͸һɲɣζµޡ
˫Ŀ峺ƽ˫ָڱˣһѲϻеıδ棬Ը档
ڶˣһŮ齿Σϵö壬·졣
ˣһٸüĿ£ķУȴִһ˿ţ˲ַ
Ŀڵһɨ漴˸ȥͷ­Ѫ¶ɮʬ壬ٸԾȵصףϢѵǡ
鲻䣬ȻڣȷѪ¶ɮ
ô϶
ٸԾȡ
국ǾΪ׷Ѱѱǧٱ飬ʹȱͷ­󸽽ִ֣ѪϢģѪ¶ɮ˭
Ҳǡ
ٸĿתһܣԸȤĵһȴ֪λǰ˳֣ɱѪ¶ɮƮȻԶݡ״Ѫ¶ɮúѽҲǸ֮£
αعô࣬ȻѪ¶ɮžҲûˣǣ
Ŀⲻһ̤˾ƲͷУɫӰͳʧҹɫΪһ塣

Ůֲᣬֽе
ٸؿһŮε̶ƢȻϲֻŽܣܲˣòҪһ𡣡
һ§סŮͷùûڰɣԺû£ҪѪ¶ɮ˭˵ûһѪ¶ɮ

ͷһ۵棬Ц绨ȴȣ֣ԲѨȴȻ˶λӣ֣
ô࣬һ飬˭񣬱֪ˡǺøӣҪú
һźŮҲԶݣΪһϹ⣬ʧڰвٶȾȻ껹֡

Զһ̽ͷѾȥǲɵᴭһڴ
ãã
̫ˣԶֻܾ͵ڲҺû֡ߣǼҸεĵطȥ
ԣ࣡
һᵽࡱ£ϣ⣬Ȳƺʹòˡ
ưֺһЦ˼СĳǱƬ̺˾·صʮ⴦һСɽȡ
ȷ˿֪֮Ѿȫһɡ
漴һ֮ưһմѪ¶ɮȫȫ
һȱ˷Ƥĵɫţ䵽ǰ
ּ΢һۣ漴۾һף


52 
˱ɫţ¾ɹϣƺͷһ㣬Ѳȱȫ
Ȼ￴ȴʮһ˶ÿС˶жһбش̳
ʮһСˣʮһʽþˣȻһֺ棬дü۵ĸо
ǣĽףƷ׾Բ֪ͣɺܴﵽʲô磿
Ҳ㾳硣
ͨ졢ɡ۷塢Բ
âģǣۣ
ϧԼ޷
̾Ϣҡͷ£ڲ˵ٸĽףĽҲˣĸǿ

ưֵһǱٶס΢˼ۣ漴һͳһֽۣŵƷġ
ڶš
ⱾţҲǳߵǱɫ֮⣬һͨ⣬ħɭɭš
ⱾԱõǱɫҪ۶ˣĿˣƤ棬մȾѪ¶ɮ귭µѪۼ
Ѫħ
ưֿһۣ㼴ŵͳǰ򿪡
ԭˣ
˼ۣͳףΪʲôѪ¶ɮҪðգǰ󸽽Űɱӡ
ԭѪħ޵Ĺ
˹ּǣħҪ㹻ľѪ֧֣ңҪһԩ꣬ͻƾ硣
ħԽߣҪռԹƷԽãԽǿ
ǰ漸ʱ򻹺ãҪԩ꾳粻ߣɱһЩͨ˼ɡ
˷֣Ҳֹܹ
Ѫ¶ɮͣڰ벽ѨöˣͻƣһЩ㣬Ԫŵӵԩ꣬ͻƿ
ЩŵԴһϢǿԹҪ
ԣΪ˽ѨΪ֮ˣϧð󸽽Ļɱӡ
һɱҪֲ
ռԩִԽǿԹ޲Ÿ֮ͻѨƿĿԲԽߡ
ϧôҲû뵽ڽĸԩ꣬ɵʱ챦ֶεˡ
òףСϣ֮ԩ
˲ô࣬һۣ漴ûȤһߡ
ȻŹƷߣŹһɣӰ˵ΪūΪɱ˶ɱˡ
ֻѪ¶ɮ֪һˡ
ԣ˶ȥ
Կһ֮󣬼˺ܿ͹Ϸϡ
ӺԥֱѪ¶ɮսƷеļʮƱԼǸָ
˵ŵҩ޼ֵֻвƸġ
ư֣еġٶסԼѪħ
ڡٶסҶ飬Ϊ֮Уֻһʹҩ
Ѫħڸ꡶ٶסѾ㣬׼á
ѪħͳӶῴһۡ
ֻһˣΪʹõǴ㶾ɳͫа칦Ȼѧһۣɽ֮ʯԹЧ
գưҲȰΪ¡Ѫħ
ȴ˵ʲôҲҪˣ˵ԼѾȷ֮ˡ
ԣʣµɫ壬ĸɫƿԼǱûзƤĵɫף䵽ϡ
УԵֵĶҲࡣ
ƴǣΪ̫ɽУϻ챦룬ûſ˵
֪ԽԽá
־磬ӵϻ챦ֻ֪Ϣһ˷֣Ҳ롣
ΪԷһǾأպʱлͬУһҲˡ
գ˴
󣬾ǻɱѪ¶ɮõЩŽ׵㣬ǮһǰѡŵĻᡣ
ƷУǰѡ书ŵļֵߡ
һ֮󣬵Ǯ˳´ӣٲöɫ塣
Ź׵ư֣Ѫ¶ɮϵõĸɫƿ͸
Ѫ¶ɮϵõĵƿǶҩǹǺá
ưֺͳһ¾Ǵǰ󣬻ȡƷѧĻᣬø
Ϊ
һѾһ
ɱѪ¶ɮռĹֵͣưֻȥ֮˵סˡ
ģѾ߷֮һ壬ûκοɽ
ķޣԺԲƣޣޣҲֻűȽϵͽ׵ԪϢͱԪѪ
ˣ֮УԹΪҪģ
ưֺͳӣ󶼸м֧֣ټ϶֮һ٣û㾽ȡ
ˣΪչλȡƷѧŵĻᣬһ¶øһܾ
״֪ᣬҲȷҪţˣҲͺմӦ
գõģǱĵɫţԼһνĻᡣ
˵㹻ˣģҪ
ǱɫףҲ㲹ˣֻ˲Ҫ
ưֻ潣´ԽȤѧ˶ܾˡ
գΣֻ¡
ⱾףȻʱѧôҲһŲĽףȻ֪ƷΣѪ¶ɮϵĶӦҲʲô֮
Ժ˵ҲǸ롣
ϣưֳˣûͣǿһɳСɽȣһ·֮ϣδ˿谭
ֹƬ̣ǰƵ׳۾ٴγҰУһͶְ㳯ȥ
ٹƬֳ̣ƣܴĴϿȣʽ뵽֮УΣա
Ϥʿͳ֮˶ɴһһ·֮ϵһ㣬ʪ͸
һڹȥ˻һ£Ȼȥˣȹһȥ
ҲΪ˷ֹ֪žɮʱš
֮㼴Ƿֿһ˻ص塣


53 
ҹǳžˮ
ϥĶУͷ֮ϣһƬڡ
ˡ
һ·һµʱ䣬ҹּеʱˣҲ޴󰭡
ǻڵһ̣˼žɮһƣȴȷƲᣬؽָ
ȻʹʦӦμСȣҲûлᡣ
һʱ֮۾һ
ʱѹϸˮˡ
¹򣬱ɻָȬ
ͳһ
ǱԼžɮϵɫס
򿪣̯ǰһκĳעĿȥ

Ȼ䣬Ŀĵһ˶ֳͬüġ
ţ
һܿͷӦ˫Ŀ΢ͣһȡ
˫Ŀ䣬ʱһ̹⻪ħͫѾ
ɢ󻯳һöɫ㣬üģʧ
ٿʱʶϿգȴһӰڲ
׾̺һִζƺΪأżİء
ٿ֮ϵĵڶӰ
һһֲͬĽǶȣһ׼η壬һȣͣ
ӰʧӰٴλûһö㣬üġ
ʶϿգʱٴζһˣͬӰһ㣬ͬһϴ̳
ˣööö
һֱʮһö
нѾȫüģȻ֮䣬ǰⱾɫףȻȻ޻ȼӰһ飬ʧͬûгֹ
ԭҳĽ˰ֽһȼɻҽ
⡭
Ŀɿڴ˫ĿŵؿһĻ
ѵ⽣׾Ȼ˽ƣֻһѧϰɣ
˽䵽žɮôãȻûзǣûеõὣ׵Եѧ᣿
ҸѧᣬôܷҸԵ
벻ףͷʹɴ಻롣
ѾʧҲ棬ת˼
ʱڣԼ޷ϰ⽣ҲֻǸ裬ȻĪܵԼʶҲɣʱùܡ
ǡ
뵽Ŀ˼ƣʶΪһССİɫ㣬ԼʶϿա
һμö˸ʵϽӡ
һԱڣ裬ƺʱ䣬ԱøӲͬһЩ
вͬ˵
һײʶһνڴţѹѹϲ
һй飬Բɣֱڹתİ
һعϵһ𣬶ұһΣԵࣺ
ǿп췣ϵͳƶڣɱһͷԪޣʧܣΪһ㡣
棬棬ƹ㣬貹䡣һǿٻ췣֮ͷӱأأ
ԣһЦҲڡ
ʱΣǿп췣ϵͳʹ˾еֻ֮֮ʱ
ﻹûᣬ񣬳ͷ
ֻû뵽Уӵһǿٻ췣֮Ȼصĳͷ֣һ겻ɣݡ
ڣһҪ취ͻƻԪˡ
Ȼʱֻ߲㣬ٽһ㣬һ׷ˣ
СͻƲ˻ԪԼҲһҪðգѰһͷԪޣɱ
ΨһϧǣƺЭ
ȻưֺͳˣӦúð죬ƾԼһˣѶȲС
ˣµʱ˵ʱ䣬ԼμСȣõͻƵڰ˲˵
ʱҲδûһƴ֮
Ѷͷٿһ۵档
ڵĹŵϣԭһоŸţʱȴʧֻʣ
Ҳ꣬ڻԪǰҲ޷ʹ췣֮
⣬ɱﵣңǾԲ׶õĴڡ
Ϊһͷûɣ֪ӳͷǳͷӱǳͷ
ֻǼӱ˵ǳͷǻֱɱˡ
ԪѾܲˣҪһ벽ѨֱӽѨֻѪʵصˡ
һʶֱ˳ӡعʵ
۾
ӡе췣֮޵еģһ췣ֻ֮ܶԸԪҵĴڡ
Ǿ񷣣֮ŵһըžУֻõڶΣС
ԺΪӡţƹһǿ췣֮
ʱѨǲܡ
ȻЩΪʱ硣
Ǹ룬պ󣬺ư֣һȥȡ
˳ȥһ󣬽ǱžɮƷѧ쵽ֵˡ
ʱԼѡķǸ
ԥ
ȴ֪ΪԼˣɹɱϣһļžɮɫֱӱңһ̣󣬺εȻȻ
𶯣һЩѨĳϣҲɱ΢Ծ浽λӣ˺䶯顣
ʱһζ
УҲ˵һ飬û⣬ڷ嶥չشޡ
ֱֽţȻв̸㵭ࡣ
˫֮ͫУɫǳͬλһż
ܸٻͫ߾֮ӡͫڿʼԼЧˡ
վ
ʱɽư֣һǰȡһˡ
һУڴǼɫƾշģڼϡ
ʰһתɽȥֱķ
ư֣ӣѾȴˡ
֮ϣղĹЦ⣬߽Ĵš


54 ջ
Ҫ񣡡
һеĴڣһţʮڣƽʱֻ⿪һ룬Ǹŵӽĵص㡣
õģʾƣ
ںһߣһ£ΪԼڻԪңһִ¡
ͳԼƵ˹ȥ漴û˵ȴ
ں߾ȵؿһݹƣűȥȡϢ
壬ڣɫɫɫɫɫɫһϢʱ۾ˣǲ˼顣
һսûõڵӣȻһͨڵӶɵɫ⡭
ܲдѾҪƷȫװһУ˹ȥ
߽ӹִһܿȷȷǡһ򼡱ĶѪҩľɲΡԼ帱İҪġǳβݡ
һû
̧ͷؿһۣ漴㲻ԥʼϿٲ
ɣֻҪԷɾУִ£ֻ֮ܽ£
һߣԽưֺͳӱԷֿһڣٶȸ졣
ֻһ˻һǰĴڽȡ
Ƭ֮Ŵ֮ǰ߽ƻϣѾһǧŹ׵㡣
֮⣬ݸһ鷽УһĹҵĵǮɫСƿԼһɢŵš
Уװɡһ򼡱浤ز޹ڤ
Ǯܺͣһһ
ɫСƿһɫĽСǸͻڰ˲㣬صļѵҩ
ӵд˵ҩͻڰ˲ļʣҪƽɡ
ԣҲһۿ񣬼Ҫ£ɵҪԭ
֮£Ǯ׵㣬ûƿҩôҪˡ
󣬾ǱɢŵšȻľҲεҪĿꡣ
ǮУƣƿȣУȴһץⱾɫţϸϸۿ
Ƭ̣ѾϲɫջػС
ķһʮǿƷϽ׵ķԼڲΪķˡ
ϧڻʱֻܵȵصϸۿ
̧ͷʱư֣ӣҲѸԽɣЦݵĳ
ȻҲջ񲻷ơ
ߣȥǸ񡣡
һ֣ǸĴڲȥһߣǾɣ񣬻Ҫֻڣ
Ǹ̨רŸɫ񽻽ӵĵطƾǣ಻߲ڵӣ
һ⣬ȴߵǺŴǰûʲôˣһͷ棬óǸú첼Ѫ¶ɮͷ˹ȥ
Ҫ񣡡
Ҫ֣ŽɫĵطֻӻǲҪ⵲ţײ˲á
ںһ꣬״Ŀ¶м
˵
üͷһ壬һǰѪ¶ɮͷϵĺɫ¶һʣѪ߰ߵͷ
ףǣ
국ȻһۣԭǲɫȻһʵøɸɾվ𾪵ص
Եһ£üߣֱһ¡
Ŀ࣬˵仰㲻ˣҴѰ
ҲΪ裬ȴ
ʱߵĶѾһЩ˵ע⣬߱һЦ⣬׼飬뿴ľٶȻпɫϵ
⡭
ְޣܹȥۿȴģʮܡ
һЩƽʱܰεеĸɫӣȴƣԽΧ˹
Ȼɫϵˣ֪ɫǣλӣ
ϻɫģҲŵӰǰеǰʮǰʮǰʮ
ǰǰȥ
ȻһŴǰư֣˵Ϣǲһ
ɣŵӡ
˶һȵı飬š
ȻҲĲԣҴţȴ
˼״ǲһüȻûǣҲϡ
ưֳӶһۣǰһߵ󣬽令С
Ȼ˴صأ˶֣һӵϣ˼ɢʹֲۣǿԸ顣
ȻǼžɮͷ­ϲλɹ϶ʮֺĳɫ񣡡
ں귭˰죬ҳһʮأ氼ƽм͹ηǼžɮͷ­ϸ۲һ
ͳһҵ伮£ڷ·̧ͷ΢Щ̾˵
óǵƣΪǷɣ
ôɫˣ
˶һۣ˶Էе֣֮ʱǻɫô˴²Ȼɳɫˣ
ǲҵóԼƣ˹ȥ
Ƭ̺һ֮ϣѾͬʱһɽ˿ǮԼһöӣͬһöԿ׵ĺƣǰ
ǧŹ׵㣬ǮԼǰѡȡһƷѧŵͨƣպˡ
˵꣬һڱϣĽȥ
Ҳˣ
˶һۣû䣬һʯ֮¡
Ȼ̧ͷһԭǸ߸ڰףɫȻѾ˻ɫʱݣȻѾ˷츲صı仯
ɫ󸽽Ī֡ڵаħ֮ʮĿֲħͷžУĿĲӰ쵽ڵӵк
ţħΪ֮һͽһΪ춯أֻ벽ѨΪȴŴֶΣɱѨǿߡ
ۣɥĲϲŰɱΣգ֮ܣ
Ҫ󣺻ɱ򱨸žʵλá
ɱĿýŹ׵㣬ǮһνѡһƷѧĻᡣ
׷Ǽ϶ħ󸽽ɱʮڵӣڵӣɥĲ񼫣Ϊɫǣ䡣
ŵܹɱ˳ͷ­ɣ׵㽱׷ǧǮ׷һѡȡŽ䣬ش
⡭
˵һǵ˶ô䶯ŵ顣
ɫǣǶӣһЩųϣ׽ȡ񣬸Ҫ˵Щţŵˡ
ǣȻˡ
ߡ
һۣ˿ãҾ첽̤뿪
ߺ󲻾ãϢ漴ߣһκ䶯
˶֪ǸɫǼ񣬱ˣߣȻΪͨŵӡ
˶ڴڵӵһҹ֮䣬ư֣˵ʹ󣬼
ɻ˵Ȼ˲мҲۺ췢ȡ
֮۽УˣԶ·Ƿǵأ˸εص㣬ķϣ漴˸εĵطչȥˡ
ǷǷǣһŶ


55 
ҹǺӲã
֮ϣһ壬ʦûлһˣʯңǰһöУɫСƿԼһɫš
ǴöУ棬һźɫ۴Сɢŵĵҩ˱ת
浤ز޹ڤʮһöٽǧǮϴ裬õĸ壬
ֵҩȻԽԽãûԥУ۾
ҩڼһ΢࣬ȴִһɵҩ˳£ֱС
ȫ
һʱ֮۾£ٴζһ㵭๸
Աһ׼õľͰϴԡƬ̣һոµİۣ̤
ϴһ۹֮Ƥֳһ˿Ө֮£·еˮתʮ졣
޹ڤĹЧˣ޹ȥʣϴ裬ʡ
ڤȴǴֵҩ֮һ֡ڤꡱ֮аʮ죬ܰһСڤࡱ
дҩƳɵһ£ʹ˶ˮ׺ԴպˮԹ°빦
ССɫƿ
ƿ򿪣棬һŰڰ׵ķεҩƿһһ죬ŴתϢ漴
⣬޽綼ĳصҩһš
νµǸɫƽʱʹҲʮٳ֡
ԥһ£ֽƿϣջػС
ڣûʮְգһܳأʹҲһ
ҲٵһȣԼ˺Ȼľ֮󣬳ؼʣԸϼ֡
࣬ٵȰʱ䣬ʱԼһˣƿʦһϲ
Ȼľ
һǱʷԼǰɫţЩţ档
Լģӵ˸߽׵ĵķˣԺҲԼĶ̰壬෴ΪԼǿһ档
ţ룬Ϲ׭֣дһʮأʷʣƸǸʫģ
ȻΡΪΪǡԻȻڤ
ʫ֮úעдһʮС֣Ȼľһ壡
ؿţ˫ĿڵԪһصķʽʼתһһ졭
һʱ֮
һ˿ףȴ޼᲻ߣ·ȻϢڻ龭ڵ
ԭĵˮһ˿˿ɫͬγµԪ
Ԫһͬʱһɳ֮Уۣ޷Թģʯ֮ڣٿȻһ
һɳصϢͷʯϿգһ羭죬ֱ£Ϊ֮һ
ţ
ٵطһЩѨϸˣͬʱУ۾漴һĿͶķ
ǺȻľһȻǳ츳ƾ˰ֻΪʲôڻ壿
ѵǸоˣ
˽һɻЩ⣬飬ҲͲٶᣬ۾³֮С
£һϸСϸСĲ˷ϡ


ۣ֮ͭŵ
îʱ̣ӳؽ¶˫֮Уɫ⻪һš
۾վǼʮֲİɫƣŻ֮
ʱ䣬ڽȻľţԪɹת˺ȻԪۻ̶һֹνʵǡ
ڵȵ֮ǰ֮½ϢʱǰɽȡԼһݽƷѧˡ
Ƭ֮ںɽһɫǰ
ºһգ˲¥İҹ
ȫһɽ»Ȼһ壬ûа˿϶
ǰ󣬸ŴԹκνͨԶϾκοͶȡɵķ
棬Ѩǿҹػа벽ǿκˣ󶼲ʲô³
֮ǰһΡΡֱ쵽ŵ׵ĺɫǽΨһͨ
ˣֻԽɫܵ¶棬뵽
ϴѾһΣȻ֮⣬Ⲣİ
һΣѾȵվ֮ϣһƬ̼䣬Խʮɳǰ
ŽգǰֿŻ
Ƭ̺󣬡֨һŴ򿪣¶棬վſڣһλ׷ƤĻߡ
ơ
ԣҵϴһرߣһΣȻ˵
ϽԼƣٽǰִ½Լöȡ˳һ˹ȥ
Ŷ
߿ƣξȣȴ΢¶һ˿ɫ
ӵдزҪȡ׵㣬ңƾ壬㣬ѡһƷ׹
ѡֻӵаʱ⣬κβľٶƣֱӱĨɱмǡ
ȥɣ
˵꣬漴ޱؽƺ͹һݻڵÿһߣȥ
״ҵ֪ʱ䱦ǵһνҲûʱϸֱһʵǣܿ죬ͽ뵽㡣
ӭ棬һŰܵĺܣ֮ϣдǿյģҲмٲݣڷ䣬ʮš
֪壬㣬ǰڷƷ似ŵĵط
ţʹҲʮϡٵĴڣٱ
Ʒ½ףƷнţԶһЩнǧڷĵһڶ㡣
ֻҪŵӣӵһ׵㣬ġ
Ĳ㣬ڷŵƷϽţֻŵӣӿԽġ
Ƚ׵ţţҲ󲿷ݵӣʱ׷
㣬ֵߣƽʱȥҲ࣬ʮ֡
ڵ塢㣬ΪʸƣֻжӣԼһЩųܽ룬ƽʱ˶ϡ٣
ĵߡڰ˲㣬͸˵ˣֱǰƷԼûһĵƷ
ֻŵӣԭûн塢ʸ񣬵ֳ䷢˲ڴޡ
ĿٵƬ֮Ѿһɨʮಿš
УķйзҲš
Уɫģֱı
ķࣺԪ൶˷ֵࣺٱھࣺ̫
Ŷ
񣬴ıĽܣٷ


56 
һķ࣬ԪƷ׵ķ
Ԫһ壬ٶȼ죬΢อϣ΢һ˿ǿȣһɣпʯ֮Ч
ҡҡͷⱾԱȡȻľǿѾˡȻľȻȣҲֻзˡ
ʱֻҪѡȡԼǿĹҪѡȡΪȱĹķȻԼ۱͵һ֡
ǷȱĶ̫࣬ҪķȴֻܵպЩȫ׷˵
ڶ
һͨ巺ϵţһƷ׵С˷ֵ
˼飬˷֣һ߳նһģһĵ˵һĪС
ʹĹҲǾǰʮ
ϧʱԲѧôҲһƷ½׵ġס
ŵҲֻʱ£ȴջᡣ
һƷ׷ٱھıһƷ̫
ڹ۲֮ء
ΪţȫȻȱٵģ޸֮ѡȡһڵʵն𵽾޴á
ǵһ࣬Ʒ׷ٱھ
˾Ҫ˲Ҫʷǿ󣬶һγһٲ֮ࡣ
ͬսԹƣһʮǿķ
΢۲Ƭ̺ҡҡͷ¡
ٱھǿֽ׶ζԣʮʺ
ȣŹУܷЧãԲǡ
ڶڵ׶֮Ӵݷ޵Ļվﰤ򣬵ȴƷһ̣ɱ
ԣõĽǷأڷȱֻܶѡһ£Ը
ڷֻܵպٿˡ
Ŀ⣬䵽˵ı֮ϣҲһš
Ʒ̫
˹ܳ;ϮսУȴΣҲ˵ս֮УƾպΣڿҲһ
һΣ֮ʱƾ˱סһ˵֮⣬޿ɷ֮
⣬Ȼһʮֲš
ƺʮ㣬Ŀ⣬ѲƬ̹δܵһ۱Լǰһŵȥ
еĹţֱȵиǿһЩ
ȻȻֲ㣬ȻӦͬ
еĹͬףѶȣ֮㣬ȴҪǿһЩеģǿ
ԣʹƽʱͬʱӵн塢ʸڵѡŵĵӣȻҪ㡣
ΪеƷţ֪ιʣҪôѣҪôԣҪôȱֻа벿ҵһȫġ
ҲΪʲô㣬ȣϡٵԭˡ
ĹҲӣôϤһݡ
Ŀ⣬Ѱ
ֿ˼˲ĶĹ
ķࣺ޶׵䡱ࣺࣺ࣬粽
ķࡰ޶׵䡱ΣռһǷɻ³ѡϡ١
һ޳ɣҲԶͨƷ׹ǿʱԱƷ
͵㡰ԪѡģʽһΪˡȻľֻʹ
Σǹġ
Գ䲻⣬֮һаֲͬڱ仯
ÿһֱ仯һʽǿҪǣ䲻֮䡣
ֹȱ˵ߣڰ֪ιʣڴǲȱģʶѡ
ࡰȡ򺣵Ĵ˵
˵ķһֻ޴걳֮ϣ֮֫
ķܿأȻ
ֻǿᣬҸɣĽԼĹ֡
󽵣ȻӼ򵥣ҲԵøǿ
ֹҪʹùѪϴ̲Լ壬ݻͣ󣬶ԴĹҪ󼫴󣬲Ȼְ̲أɽ⾳
⣬ﲻġ
ȱԴ˵㲻ˣֻҪܡ
ԣ˼ǰΣҲֻʹ
ˣֻʣһ֣Ʒ粽
ָ仯ָٶȣУĳ˷ߣϷƮƹ죬ٶȾˣ׽һżΪ
ŵҲһ⡣
ǾǣΪⲿţֻϰ벿û°벿
Ҳ˵ǲȱġ
һԥ
ȻҲвȱôֻȱ˵ߡڰʽӰǰʽķӡ
ǣ粽ֱһ룬Ƕڷ֮⾳ֱӼһ룬ضۡ
ѡֱӻͷȥѡȡǱ̫ϾǱôҲȫġ
Ȼ粽˵ȡ̫ǿǣֻһġ粽ȴҪԶԶѷɫȫݵġ̫ˣܽ䲹롣
⣬Ȼǲܵ顣
ѵֻлͷȥ㣬ѡǱ̫
ԥò׵õһᣬûѡõģʡ
Ȼ̫Ҳȴеѡ
ףǻԵɺϣԺһν塢Ļᣬֻг˳Ϊӣûбİ취
㻹ɫҲһɡ
ɣһεҲδһд˴㽱ѡȡһƷ׹Ļᡣ
ԣҪգȻһҪá
ĿٴĴѲ
Ͳţ󣬻ҲһԼĹ
߹һһܣһһţߵ˲㾡ͷԽԽʧ
ʣµЩ˵мʮһһԲ֮ǰġ͡粽Щ
ᡰ޶׵䡱͡Ʒˡ
ʧţ׼תͷ㣬ȴȻ۾һ۾ɨݽǡ
һССܣʮ⣬֮ϣһʮֳ¾ɣȱǵɫţ˻ҳ
ʷܵײ㣬°벿ݱǽ֮䣬˷֡
Ҳ֪Ϊ˹ϲܣһС֮ϣ¶ţ˴࣬䵽˵ĵز
߹ֽƿóģɨȥϻҳ䷭һ
ҳһŨصùζ볾ζ
һüͷȴûн䶪ĿȥֻͬҲһƷҳ֮ϺȻдš
Ʒӣ


57 ʱţù
ӣ
һ΢ü漴ٴչ
ӣԭָӯӥӹգ顣
֮ϣǽĻûӰӶʱ鶯ܻĺһг
˺һгԭӦѨʿ顣
ѹ֡
Щ׹ΪʲôŹ˴࣬䵽˵زˡ
ֻһΪͨƷȴҪӵѨǿߵ˺һ硣
ӵ˺һѨǿߣĸûһƷҪõ
Ҳ䵽˵زҪԭˡ⣬ʵȴʵս֮еãͬı׶֮һ

Ȼ֮䣬뵽˻ü뵽ʮü֮еݣ
ü֮䣬ǲʮƣ
Ϊ۷ȴݲУǲǷʤܽԼĻӵ
Ŀ˸£Ȼ˾ٲԥⱾţͳȥ
ܿ죬һ¥
ſڣѾ
еţߵͷѡˣ
ȥǱ߳¼һݣԭŻԭͿˡ
ǡ
ףŲ׼ŵĹ涨Ҳܣֱ߹ȥͷβӡȫ¼һ顣
뻳У߻¥Żԭ
֪뵽ʲôŪ˵ҳ棬Ȼһοرڽǡ
һ¥ĿȥȻ뵽ʲôѯʵѡȡһŹ
ûлͷڰ֣ӡ
ᡭʲôӣ
󣬻ĿɿڴþûлعȥıӰ۾ȴȻһĨ⡣

úص塣
һ֮ϣԹˣδɽ
ķȻľӡ֮£Խɿ졣
⣬еָѾмָɵĵز
ͫ߾˵ڶӡͫ
Ψطֻǳڵһˮڵڶӳ·ңңڡ
ҲȴȴźȻľĴɡ
һɣ׼ʱ¡ڰ˲㣬س
ڳɲɹ⡣
ĵȴУʱţתۣһ³
죬µڸµӡ
ȥ֪뵽ʲôȴ;ȥһ
һΣΪǰҹǰȥȺѾ߲٣ʣµɲ١
ƺһµļž¼еӶ£ࡣ
һ̧ͷȻϸ¾͹ɫǰʥҩΪҩ˴һ£û˽ӡ
ƷףȻ׷˶ǣﵽɫǵĵز
Ҳӣ˰ǧŹ׵㣬ҩȫһаš
ҡҡͷûᣬΪʲôһֱȴûԸȡ
ȡԼȤ漴ʧ
תۣǰ֮쵽Լǲݽһλصչء
ϵϢӾˣһֺߺ͵ĸоѾǵ˳صļޡ
תۣʱȥ
һҹͭŵȴ
ҹ紵¼壬ȴ꣬ңԶĿУֻڴС
ΪտʼʦãԼԼ֮ˡ
ڴʦĻع顣
ͬҲڴʦԼ¼Լڻþ֮ϵĳɾ͡
ٹʮңСȿʼڡ
Ըܺ磬ڴ˾ȴ
תۣ׹⣬ƽߣ¶һźӡ
õӰûг֡
Ϊڻһʱ䣬ȵ
Ȼ磬ֱ׹һһ죬絽㺮ȴδʦѩӰ
֪ʦǻزˣλݡ
ڶһ磬֮ͭȴ
ȻԳؽ¶³ʦıӰδ֡
һʧ߻ط䡣
峿ΪԼٶʧʱ߳ʯݣ֮ͭȴȻ֣ǰǼ֮ܽϣһӰƮ裬ɣվ˭
عͷعͷ΢΢Цһ£ЦУοͳ⡣

ǸΪһ飬գõˣҪ׼Ǽڴ룬ڣ͵֮߿ˡ
֪ʦ˵ϹʧˣԭСߡ
ֻ֣ΪʲôİԼû˵
ÿɻ΢΢ЦЦȴûлش𣬷һ֣ˣ£õнȵʱˣס
Ȼ䣬ƿʲô˼飬૵ȻͻƵ߲۷壬ӽ˲ƿĵزˣ
ϵϢ΢ʵ֣һǿһǳ֮ʱı֣ѹһۿ
ǣʦ
ҵػش
ã
ѵõؿһ䣬漴ȴְֻǻ˲㣬һʱأ𽾰
Ҫ֪ƾʵʮУ׶㣬ǰ·
ǡ
ֻС
üı飬ǱȽ⣬תʵ£Ļˣ
Ѿȫѧᣬ͵ʦУ
á
õͷڵͰʮüУλÿջһ¸ҿ
ǡ
Ѿʼʽˣҵɫ˲
һ۾Ƭ˫УһƬƽ
ֻһţ̯УȻһССɫԲ㡣
Բ㲻ϱ仯Ǵ󣬹Ƭ̣Ȼܳһɫ
ָ΢ɲһָãƬָ̣䣬ٴ͵ðһ޵ĺ컨顣
ٲԴΣ컨Ѫศɣӳԡ
ʦЩʵ
ȻԾԼĻþѾ˾֮ϰԲұ֤ʮȫʮ
Ͼڻһֻǳͨոţ㾫졣

ò԰׵ϣ¶һ˿Цݣѵõ͵
ֻ˽Գȴ֪֪ãı
ǻüǡǡ෴
ǽÿһ˿õӵֵѧϰһŵֲ֮۷壬˭
ĻüҲٿˣֻһţɣпҲȥұмþ
ԣʱһϲǣллʦ


58 Сȱ
лӦõġ첻ŬҲڡ
һУٴȡһɫıᣬϣӡкɫġ𡱶֣·ɵĺ
Ϊмþһʽ㹻Ԫˣڴ֮ǰҲٴһĻþ㵽Ԫҡ
ǡ
ӹȴûǽ֮Уش
üмþǻþı֣ǻþϣ˻þмþ㲻ʱ⣬԰գвģǰҡ
ǡٴι
ɫһ˿ƣȻµıû˵ǰס
ڵûʲô£Ȼȥˡ
ԣƺʲô״æסʦȵȣСȣҪμ𣿡
ţ
ûعͷЩ㱣漴չյţ㲻ᣬһˡһ޵ӣԴμӵģСȣֻ˶һ֮һ˰ɡ
˵һЩصһڣǵǹʸˡ
μСףóɼɷǳѣڵʵͻڰ˲㣬ûнǰʮĿܡ
벻ǰʮҲȥ죬ԼŰɡǵȳϣܲʺϻʩչϾ̨֮䣬γɶԻЧķӡ
ȥˣöߵΣֻҪ̫ѿǾ㹻ˣ
ҪȥϢˣ͵ú´γأϣѾܰмþеһݻþ۷塣
˵꣬һΣ˾Ѿʧ·һɫӰôؿ٣ôƮݡ

ʦȥıӰվԭأֻһ亹Զͷ¡
öߵΣֻҪ̫ң̫ѿǾ㹻ˡ
⣬ʦôѵҲ˲ң
һΣҿû壬С֮ϣ¶һ˹Ŀ࿴ģ
Ǻã͵ȴ֮Сȿʼɡ
Ŀ˲Ѷšмþĵ챡ᣬתٴλصԼʯУϥ
ʦ֪֮䣬˶ٺ䶯һʱĴ¡
֪ѾԭǸǳһƷϽķһƷټϸüտɱȡ
Сȣȫûϣ
ټϡ
ڰ˲𣿡
С֮ǰһͻơ
װСƿǿסջ漴ͳǱɫᣬмþۿ
ģУܵһþȫһǿգӹ󣬸Զλˡ

ʱһˮע⿴ʱ͹÷ɿ졣
תֹۣա
һգʽСȵӱڡ
֮ϣʯվĿ⾼ݷټãǸԼһ˵ʱˡ
һѾȻɽȥ;֮УָãһŰãĵѾ⡣
ƣ⡣
Ƭ̺Ѿģ㳡֮ϡ
˴ţӢӣμСȵĵطˡ

գչۣһ磬㳡֮ϣѾɫĸ֧ӡ
ģнǧˡ
ˣԷֶѣΧһ
˵һСȣ˭ܳΪڵһ
ǻ˵϶ǡϽ컪ʦˣʦ־˵ѾҪԪˣͻƹؿָտɴСȣܳΪŵӡ
Ҳǣڶġָ֡Զʦ֣ġȭũũʦ֣ͬҲǰ벽ԪΪҪͻƻԪͬҲϣ
Щǲ̫ԶǲҪˣؽǣһûкɱǰʮɹڵӣܣǾһǰʮȫڣԭǰʮģԵʮһʮνǰʮˡ
ǰĽһΣֻҪǰʮģкôֻǣ̫ԶüŰϣһΣܸһɣôõ㽱
¿ͺãǰʮ޹أĵģһ죬ǰٻ壬ڵڼǲϽλ
԰ǹϵ֮£ֻҪɽԽߣһǻõĸԽ࣬ݵλԽߣϣеʦʦǸɡ
ţ˵׼콣Ӷǵһ޿ۡڶ浤һֵ浤һ˵˿һľӢˡ
壬仯ҵʱ򣬸嶼ףԶùĵһ壬ˡָʦ֣пģǰٻŶ
٣ģҲҪвУһףΣСָʦ֣ǰٻҲġϳӡͬʮ۷壬δǡ
˵˵ţã㶯֣Լɽĵӣǽֵά
ΪЩˣǵϣǳĺģͿʳһЩиʣ䷹˵ĹؽͿǸȡʲôˡ
ð̾ɽ嶼һǰʮĸ֣ϧԼʲôҲûУֻܿԼһˡ
ϧƾԼڲ߲۷ΪʮУס
˵ȥֻЦ˴ս򵥰
ȫԸˡ
ȴû뵽Լ·һûдŵ˭Щ˵˵ţȴͻȻϣһԡ
ˣЩʱϼ¾ǣ˵һܱ䣬ģлᡣ
Ҳǣʵ಻ֻҪŵ߾ͺãȻٺ٣пܣô
˵˾Ц
Щ˸պÿϵĻһЦ¶м
˹ŵһ콣䣬ŵôҲǴģ˭ߣǸɽ˭ŵڶѡ
ɽ壿ĸ
ЩһʱûзӦʵ
ǻĸ߹ķһŬ죬⼥ȻǸûвμӹСȵĻˡ
ҲǣǰÿһСȣǶ˲μӣˣҲûиǷ롣
ѹֻ屻˵һ죬ϣǿдһ꣬Ϊһ״ӣ֪ӣһ᲻
Щȴƹ⿴תͷⲻ΢΢Ц
ʲôЦ
˽ӵͬתͷȻСϾҪʼǣһŵӣ಻¡˵Ǹһ֮ܳļˣư֣£´ˣֻҲûвĻɡ
ҲǣƾǸ۲˵ķ壬ҲμСȣȡ裬οû֪ͨǡСȣʵʴֻμӰ
ǰˣˣùƹһʱҾˡˣȥúȡ콣һˣΪ⡣
ãߣȥ
£ϻ˹ӣһСȵ£һȥ
һһĿɨһȦ㳡һߣǾ޴ġڵӰ֮һɨת뿪ûиǶӼƽϡ
˵ЩʲôãǱ˿Ĵڣٹƺ˶
һУֻʵƴʵܽտڡ
Űɣ󣡡
һϸתŹ㳡ԵǾ޺ı֮ȥ


59 ٻ̫ƽǣ̻ú쳾
Сȵıһ޴ʯ̨ʯ̨״Ըڳ㳡һݡ
һִ£ʯ̨ϣؿԶķ羰
ǰһźĲ֣Ȼǰд
˴ʱģģѾˡ
ԣ磬˴ʮ֣˴ʱѾټӰŶȸ
Ȼֹʱ䣬һʱ䣬Ѿ϶ǰˣһһ뿪ûʲôֱ
ˣվ׼𲼰񣬻ȥ
ڴʱһɫõһֻشźƵġá֣Լʮ꣬Ѹٸߵǰֹ뿪˵Ҫ
ʲôҪ
£ңִ°˼ۣ漴ˣһӣôײࣿѾ˽ֹһֹ̣㣬ûˣ
ü˵ʱһ̲Žһӵʱ䣬ѵְ
ִһ۶ʱ͵Բˣʲôô˾˵ŲҸ̰
Ǻǡ
һЦûлػ
״ִ·Щˡ
ûʲôһ̣һ̣ʵûʲô⡣
ʱ̣ǰ˷ˣǿҪεġ
ãɲǰģǧ絶ÿһӵͷϡ
Щµִ£һǹɭϡ
۾һ䣬ĬĬطĲʯ̨ϣ۾һתߣգνףη壿
ɽ壺壻Ϊ磺߲㣡ٵػش
ʲô壿
ִٴ̲סȵվ̧ͷ´ۣ漴ֲסɭЦ
壬ô꣬û˵еӲμӹСȣҪ˶٣
ţۿ
ˣܿóĵѡ
գĬĬϽǿɫĻƣ˹ȥ
Ը¶ˣѡá
ִ½ӹƣտʼʱģȻϣƵǲ㵭Ĳɣı³ĺۼ֪뵽ʲôȴȻɫ䡣
ֻ·ɽһؽƶæص㡭ǻĵӣ
ٰм٣
á
ִһҲȡϢ֪ǰԲ飬û
ǰ꣬¶ЦͲʮߣڲ£˵װףǰΪͻ߲㣬ʸμСȣȡʲôΣ׳ô
صܣҵˣֻܼ¼ͺá
á
ִ²ٶ˵Ŀһתвпһϣ֣Լɽ塣
𲼾һɭЦȻҪȥ½ͣһҾ㿴ʲô޵Ĳпᣡ
ϣպ󣬲Ҫڣ
˵꣬𲼾ͷҲصתȥ
״ϵЦݣɫɫ֣
պ󡭡
ִȻΪ˲ôΣ˵Ļȴûһ֮ѵҲʱ򣬻һ̫ƽˡ
֪ǼʦûУ
һ˲뿪˳㳡漴ûлط壬һۣΧ
ٹƬ̣֮ʧֹƬ̣㼴ھʮɽ֮С
׼̫ƽǵķӶȥ

ڶϣڸ˳Źر֮ǰһλص̫ƽǡ
ԶԶΰ׳ĳǳʱʹѾΣǲɲһɾ̾
Ϧµ̫ƽǣҹĻУֳһɫͬߡ
̫ƽ꣬ĳҲ֪˭ȡˣɽ֮Ƹ
ûоһ㼴ǽ룬ֱųȥ
Ƭ̺ٴǴƫƧʯǰ
ʯУһͨ崿ףĥ˪ʯ룬·þµĿ顣
֮ϣի֣⣬ȴʾһį֮С
һʱĻʦʦ
Żüû䣬ҲΪἰƷҲûǰʦ
ˣҲͽ壬
Ȼˣǰʦʦȴһҳڻ󣬶֮
֮£ټ꽥ϣģأҲͷ֮칤һ׷󣬲ٽ
ʮ꣬Ѿ˵ʦϣʲôƷˡ
һĻһǰһӴ˾İ˴ơ
һܾӨ͸£·λá
֮⣬һöɫ͸ľ塣
һöϡ٣ʮֺĻ޾ˡھ
ֻһۣʹ˶겻ֵʦ
˫Ŀ˲ΡΡվӹ˶ֻһۣ㲻÷֡
ݸС˫ƣĦǹܾӨ͸ɫϸٿöɢŵľ壬Σڵ⽫һƷ֮ɣ⣬һºȡ
գһǰ뿪ˣһο˻իĴš
ʦѾȴˡ
һʱ䲻ʦȻԵò˺ܶ࣬ͷǰ׷·Ϣȼȫǿݸɵĺۼ
۾ȴþˣöĿϵһˣĿĹ⡣
ˣ
ֻһˣ漴ûж˵ֱתһȥ㶨ĶѾƳˣɣ
ҵ밵ҡ
ʦһ밵ң΢Ҳ֪ȵһשŶʱϣ׹رա
ʯУʱ
΢㵣ȴţվԭأȴ
ʦѾߵʯУһֻڷһտյķʯ̨
꣡
ʯ̨У򿪣һͭһϵϾɫѣǰ
ڰ֮УѾӨ貣ɢĿĹ⻪룬λãһͨ⾧Өת
ˣһȦϸϸİƱƬ乿ʹ󲻷߰һλߡ
ʦվϣأͷ·һ䱦һ߳ѣ֮ȡ£漴ߵָһ
꣡
·ǳƵ𣬻
ʦУ¶ĹâվȻͦñֱ
һУһƷҲһƷ۷һƷһƷ
ûͬ⣬ԽΪ̻ã쳾ѣ


60 أСȿʼ
ӻիгȥʱжһһ߳С
УװǱǹܡ̻ú쳾ѡ
̤ʯף߳ţɫǻ㱵ġ
ղŰ֮УһƬڰ̻ú쳾ѵĵһ̣һ޵ĸо
Ȼûϸ֪Ѿﵽˡ
ףΪ̻ú쳾ѣʦһ龫ǣŻѪ߲ݡ
ΪΪԼΪһĻ֮·һܽᡣ
һûϻ
̫ƽУһջס
ԼڷУϾУóϵѣڵƹۿ
ͨ͸Ͼڵƹ··һˮɽ
ѵ֮ϣһͷС֣ʮ棬л쳾ˮգȡǺ
¾ܵסΧۣھʹһЧ
ʹڴ࣬ҲףһѵõľƷ֮һ̫֮һ̫̣ǡô۷塣
Ϊѣϻеľ󲿷ݣңһöھʧء
ۣǽʣС벿ϻ͸ʦ
⣬ҲһԸȴ˾ľԭ
⣬ĵһˣ̻ú쳾ѣãպ󣬱Ź֮ʱ

ҹ
ĵ£̫ƽϿգĿеȻһѪ̧ͷ¡
УһĨɫ֮䣬Ϊһ
ͬʱĿϥڿջµϢȻȻһƬ֮ɳ಻ȫ
˫Ŀһ૵ôãʱڵȵô
һɫСƿ֮֮зɳǰ
ƿд򿪣ɳһڰ׵ķεҩ

۾зĹ⻪漴ԥһУö鵤ƾշС
һſڣһֱӽȫУű۾
»գһɹɴתϢ̳֮ɡ
˴ʱԲ쿴֣ᷢƺȻգϸȥȴƺһһռ䡣
֮ǰͻ߲ʱξ
ǰһɰʯţʯŲ֪򣬵׶ûãã֮УһȻȻŶ˽£С
ˮŲһʯţһһȥ
˭
Ϊ
Ϊη˰Ǻη
ʣȻ֪
һ⣬·ӣļߵʡ
ÿһ·ˮ̻ǰһΡ
һһ̣㼴ɢ̡µһĻǰɡ
쳾ɣһĻһĻֻذۣʯףͬʮһУٴγš
ֻأνң
ʡ
޵޵ɼҷˣֵʲô
ʱһһֹȥ·һ߳ξξӣص
ڴУʱ䳤ӷ·ŵ쳣ƺоŰ֡
ĿռУȴȻ׳죬ͷ֮¶ĺ飬ѾξУ԰ΣΡ
׵Լı죬壬ŵκʹ࣬;һණУۺӣһһŸ
һУΪʲô
ǷΪܿࣿΪԼ᫣
УĪϣɵ;ƣԼǷһԾҡֱϣտһɾ
ϸʣͷ֮ϣ亹类̿գʼʳֽɫ
һɹص֮ʼɣͬơ
ξξ֮أܼʱ̤汻ҵħţձ᳹ͬһӣݳ٣Ҳ߳
أ˶֣Ѿ˵һС
˭
˭ң
˿ޣΪΣ
̣Ƿ÷޶ȣݣǷüʱ֣
ǹ㣬ĺУ˶ϣһһĭǰɣһһĭ顣
գʯ꣬ѹȻ̤عأ·飬ѳΪһƬ޸ƯĸƼУ俴ſջз·ûκ塣
ûоš
Ȼ֪һ̣ɢѼ뻯ǣʹһδʧܣҲ߹ˡ
һУܾʹ˱㵽յ㡣
ܣ
ʱһһֹȥ˼֮Уʯһͬǵһ֮ңȴ·ѿԽѹء
ͣ١
ʱȥһ죬죬졭
ξУһ궼ѹȥȻʵУɲһ˲
޵޵쳾ɣˣд޵ΪΣϣ˭˲룿
ǣҪУȴֱڴ޵֮·ϣһؿ
Ҫóøƾõͱһעעһ
һһ꣬һδԽԽо½ţŵĲӰø鵭ˣƺʱȥ
ʵУٴιȥһʱ
ξУһ꣬ʵУʱ⣬һ䡣
żȥ͸ռ䷢¡¡죬ƺʱҪѡ
ٲƣҲزˡ
ʱ䳤УȻ˳ԽԽߣԽԽߣһ̣ƺҪ룬ûӰ١
ʵУԽԽԽԽ·һ߸ɿݵĿʬˮȫ˫񣬼Ƥ׷˫ָ壬ͬһؽ֦
ѾԵ
ʱξУһֱ˼ԲȻ۾ͷţ
һĹ⻪˫֮гţգܵξ磬һ˲ػҷ
޷ıص᫲ƽȴԸıԼ
˺ͣ
ΨΨʶ䡣
ԭֻһǾǣļԡ
ֻҪﲻ䣬һģֺξ֮У
֮һ򣬼Ȼƽȣ˴ڣôҪԣξ֮У
һȥ֡
ճȥ塣
ԣת£

壬ǳڹȥĻԻͣǳѣԼġ
ѵãڴֻѣƵ׹ֻأ塣
֮ˣ֪̰˳澳аٰ㿹ܣгѵϣ
ԣԵ£𵣵תƣ£
ٳڹȥԼִԭı֣֣࣬
ڵ£仯ĶУں쳾ɾ
һһ
ջ֮УȻ۾
֮ϣһݸƤͬƤѿǣ
Щķƣͬһһ˿˿չ±ù⻬ϸܣ£
ȫ£ƺ˱ʶȻĲͬȻɻǹȥǸˡȫĲͬ
òû䣬񣬶ƺ˳׵ĸı䣬òһˡ
ϣһɡϢƤ֮£һ⣡
ת벽
⻷֮ſ
νߣδ֮νߣȥ֮
֮΢֮Ѷѣһ̤ƣ壡
ڰ˲㣬أƣ
һ󼤶쳤³һһЦ⡣
˲㣬ڳɹˣ
ֻŲڸУʮ⻯ܿԪϢһĵ֮ɼҾ磬Ԫ
ߣСӦÿҪʼˣ֪ü
ֱһСȥʱˣһ㼴Դƴȥֱӳķɳ۶ȥ
ŵĻԭ֮ϣʱһССĺӰͬ۵糸ƲӥգÿһӶһɷ飬С
գۣʧԶһζ䣬ֳڸԶɽС
һպ󣬽
Сȣʽʼ


ļ 


61 ̨µ
һ磬ڹ㳡ϣ;˵ӡ
˰ϵԶĲֳͬɴССļʮȦӣΧһ𣬵ȴСȵĿʼ
ǩ
һ³ϣߵһߣи߾һǩͲбĵӣʱȫһӵϣƬ̺ÿ˾ͽõһ֧ľƳɵĳǩ
ǩһӦһ֡
Ժ󣬱ᰴչأͬʱ鵽һǩһŶһţǩĶŶԶţʤ̭߳
һֱһֺ󣬱ٽгǩֱǰ٣ǰʮǰʮǰʮΪֹ
ǰʮ֮󣬽
ʱڲͬ
ȺУһµư֣һµĳӣиһ֧һʮˡһ֧ʮġĳǩһ߽Ρ
ôѵСҪزڱչأˣ
СϾҪʼˣһֿʼ֮ǰϳǾԶ̭޻ˡ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬۾һ㳡֮⣬ӰһȻӵӰͬһֻӥȻճᣬ뵽㳡ġ

ĵʵ̫ۣ϶֮һʱ֮䣬ֹưӹעˣȺУҲмͬʱ
һĿĻ˶һۣԿ˶Էа¶ϲɫ
Сӣˣ
Ȼ֮䣬ɫâһϣһڣͳҫ˭
ֻҫսߣЦСӣϣֵþһ㣬Ҫ̫ҰܣңһһĻ䡣
ûϵջڱ˵ƣʱĴʹԣҲδػͬΪ˲ĳҫ
̲ɨ˶ԷһۣصĿԴ
ãã֡
ҫڣûԣȻȫνӣɱʢЦһ߹
ʱưֺͳڰοȺϵΧ
һ۳ҫڣ뿪ıӰͷӹһ˿Ӱ
ӵ̫ɽǵ飬ڻǱ֪ˣС֮Уϴ˶ˣֻˣҪСġ
ưҲţ֮ǰʱҲյԷܶв飬û֤ݣϱųҲá
Сȣһ˳ҪԼģʵûа취ֱ䡣
ԣһЦĳ߲ܣˮͶѣ˶Ҳʮ׵Ĵڣкοɾ壿
ưֵĿһ֪ϵźҲûжʣֻǹһЦ
Ҳǣֺ죬ҵȲɷĳˡҲ߲㣬Է٣ӲƴδһԷ
ϵϢ΢豹棬㣬߲㣬˲㡭
Ϊͻ˲㣬أϵϢͬһ
˲أΪͻƣľ
۹ĿĲͬΪûʲôֱӵϵ
ʱ£һ뵱һĸо飬ʵʵѹư´δΪֻǵ߾
ʹ֮ǰǰʮڣҫҲһԶӡ
̶֪ʱգͻڰ˲㣬ֻ¾Ͳˡ
ûпȥ͵뷨ֻ΢΢һЦأ֣ԼҲκ°ɣȻλ飬ڴ˵Ϸң
㿴ˡ
ư֣һЦ
ӵȻҶʮ⣬Ȼ߲㣬ϴ򲻹ϳǡ
Ƽˣǰʽɹͻڰ˲㣬Ѿҫͬһȼ㲻ڣϳҫҲʤ㡣
ԭˡ
֪ԭֹԼһͻƣư־žһս֮ͬջ񣬷Լһͻƣɹڰ˲㣬ء
ѹԼ֮ǰƵᣬȰ˵ԼʱҲδжɫ
Ǿ͵̨֮ϣǴһɣλڴԴȥȥأȡǩ
ãȥɡ
ưֺͳӲΪ⣬˰֣Ц
漴Ҳһ㼴ֿȺƮȻȥֳǩͭ³ӿȥ
еǰȺȻͬˮѹһ㣬Զᣬóһ·
ӰǲŻظȻһͷĪ֪ղͨ
״ưֺͳӶһۣ˶Էеɫ
ֵܣɲ򵥰ֻҲ߲ͨɱȡ
˵۾
ưĪЦ⣬΢΢˵ͷȴû˵
Ƭ̣Ѿһһ֧ľǩ
Ǽţ
ưûղ˵ۣʵ
ǩһİٰʮ壡
ãǲһġ
ưֺͳһЦԼеĳǩ¶ġһʮˡʮġ֡
ԵƬ̣СϿʼˣڽзˡ
š
˾һŹ㳡һȥﾲصȴ
Ƭ̼䣬Ѿϣ㳡֮ϣʮľ̨ɾʯݳɡ
̨ԣе׻𣬵ס棬Ƿֹ˵Ĳ֣ͬʱҲֹ˵Ĺ˵̨ս޹Աƻ̨
飬ɲûз
ʼˣ
˳̨ǰȥ˳ҲʼӿԷǧˣһֳʮ飬ÿǰʮðǿ
ǿ֮ٽзսǰʮǿǰʮǿǰʮǿ
ʮǿ֮ٽս
ʱ浶ǹͷǰǰˣǲʵʱ̡
ͣ
ͣ
˶һۣԷֿ
ǰʮ̨ưǰĺţǰš
ʱ̨ǰҲѾԶɽ˺
̨֮ϣӰԾ죬һӣѾսûȡ
Աߣһλ²УĿ΢עӣŹκһ˿ϸ΢Ķ
Ƭ̣顱һ̨֮ϣһµӣĴָȻһңһ߹ٹ⻪費̨
µʤ
²еУµһ̨ʧܵĵӣɥȥ޻ᡣ
²ûиϢʱ䣬Ȼİʮţɽİʮţ棬̨
УֳͬİʮŵӣһۣͬʱԾ̨
ӵĿһ֮ԷϣٴΡƹॡսһ
뵽ĺ룬һЩʱ䣬ҲżĿȺ´
Ȼ䣬۾һһˡ
ǱˣȻʮ֮ڰ˵ģ浤塱ӣʥ֡ҫ
ԷƺܵڿȻתͷȻҲվ̨֮£һ۾Ȼ¶ɭ֮ɫ
עӵĿ£̧ƣĴָ߿գƺ
ɻһ˲䣬ȻһȭϣĴָ£˰һ¶ࡣ
Сӣҵ㣡
̨£
ǣս
ʥ־һû˵ֵڵսŰҪùˣ
ѵǻӣ廹ˣȻҲμСȣҲЦ˴
ʣʥ֡ҫһţΪʮ̨£עĿĽ㡣
ɫˣ˫ƽˮܵĿһʱš


62 
֮Ŀͬһ𻨡
ҲҪ壬ҫԭƽϣεң񣬾Ҳˡ
ջĿ⣬Ŀ񣬲ٹۿĵصȴԼϳʱ
һʱ֮ʮ̨ߣѾֳʤֱ²еһȻ۾վ
İٰʮţİٰʮţƿ
ƿһӣһ£˹
˲ǱˣȻ죬ڳ㳡֮ϱʱͬһ𣬿⳰Цµӡ
ĿϵĻ֮Ѳһ飬ԭصɫ˲չ漴¶мЦݡ
²һӣʼ
̨ûж໰ܿսһ
ҫ˵ĵƲ̨ҲɰĿת˹
ͬʱʮ̨£ٶԻĴӣߴĿϷˣҲͬĿ˹
λ²У۾Ҳ¶һ˿档
𣬺ö겻ֹˣ
а㣡
ӻƿһЦ漴һСͭӣһöͭСڰһá

Ȼ𶯣߷ֿ¶һˮһ
ףƹģ쳹ߣƺҪĶĤơ
ӻƿ¶Цݡ
ܰɣһʽǧɣ
״΢΢һЦζȻˡ
ৣ
Կʧһ̣Ѿڳǰȭƽƽһ޻ɵغ
飡
ӣûзӦô£㱻̨еͭӺͳͭСԵߣ顱һ졣

̨£ʱһ󾪺˶Ӧų걻̨
ҫȻ۾һУǴɽ̫ɽУһ뿪
һΣвһɾ裬ʤ⣬ɱʤȴԲӦеʵ
ӣһʤ
²ȻһǺܿ췴Ӧ˹ֱ
Сƿӣ̨࣬ͭӺͳͭһԵķɿȥֻǱӰȻ࣬һڵӶ⼥Ц
֮ǰЦʤǺԥѼ󻻳ӻƿ
״ЦЦû˵ʲǫ̂һطĬĬȴ
糣С
ܿ죬һʱȥʮ̨Ѿһ֣ڶֳǩʼ
ʱ̨ʣµˣѾʮˡ
ڶֿʼڶʮĳٴ̨
һΣĶǵͬһʱŵŮ̡
ѡɽ壬֮һİٻ塣
磬飡
һ죬Ͱ͵ص
룡
ûж໰Ÿոս߲ûãǿӵ̨սʵȻʤһ㲻ס
Լù
׼һһһоͽܣ˼Ů̫̫ѿˣ²̨Ͼͬһŵʦá
ˣսʼݿ˼УȻڵϣͬһǫ̃̄
ƺ֪ãŲ̊ʩһصл硣
˵꣬ͷת뿪Ȼڶ־ʧܣЩɥ
Ҳûа취£һͬʱڵĵӣҲ£ư֣ӣʵߡ
ˣĶ֮һϰҲʲôǿĹڵһڶֱ̭
ֻ˳ɹͦһ֣սʤ˶֣ûʤ
޷ȰҲΪöԷģԶϰܣڶԷһǻᱻ̭ԲԵҲû̫ϡ
ܿ죬ֿʼ
ʱѾֻʣ¶ʮˣٽ̨֣ǰʮμҲ˵ǿڽ֡
ҫڵӰǰеĵӣǷ׷սʤ֣һϢ
ʮԾ̨һΣĶһµӣҲϵĵһӡ
ЩʵΪΪ߲۷壬˲㲻һ֮ңʹһ˫ȭΪɳȭʮ־ˡ
˰˱Ѫùÿһȭ¡¡죬ȻǰѲӰ
һȭȭһȭȭգѪڰȭϣѾһݣһлüɽ̨ԷֱӳһԾ̨ˣʱ߷ߵص̫۷ˣˣ
죺
ˣѾʤɹǰʮֻһ֣ڴ˳̨սʤǰ١
Ȼ֣һû뵽Ķ֡
˵뵽ˣû뵽ô졣
ڵӰǰʮڰˡʥ֡ҫ
䣡
̨²к˵֣ʥ֡ҫЦϲһԾ̨̨¡죬ѣ
״Ҳ֮Ծ̨롰ʥ֡ҫԶ
û뵽ô㣬⣬Сӣĩյˣ䣬ڻü
䣬ƾ㣿
ö໰һ֣ৡһڿʧʮü֮һݡ
һУûһʵˣ
ҫһЦǲмһ߲ӣȻҲ˲㶷㿴ʲôصĲ࣡
䣡
һĳĵɫ죬·һ¯ֱеӰƿǰ㡣
״⣬һԼžʱй־ݲܣϱԼʵǿĴڣãֻǹؽʱöԷһ㵶ѡ
ҫȻڴУɽ̫ɽԼڹ컯֮ƾʧھưˣҫĿãԼһоİûз
ΪҾһУڴô
΢΢һЦеȻ֣һӰȴȻˡʥ֡ҫı
Ʒӣ
⣬ɱУݲն
ʲô
ҫǵһμƷŵܹõģһʱһ㵡
һ̣ɫҶƮ䣬һ޴Ҷ򣬡䡱һػı֮ϡ
Ҷ֮ϣžı˪Ϯˡ
ʮü֮Ӱľ˪
޴˪֮һ˲佫̨ɫҫܣĲλʱһ޴Ѻۡ
Ȼ˵ңԭôһ£䶼ˡ
ҫԣֱӹ̨
Ųһڵ֮Ϲγһҫ۵Ļ𻨣ֹסӣ̨ԵվȣתѾŭ
ʥơ£
һȣ˫Ŀ֮УƺȻһųȼ䣬Ȼơ
һɳΪģ̨ӡ
¶Ȼߣͬ¯


63 ʤ
һĳ
һƣͬǵأӰ̨ƺȻԲʮɣǳҫһƵӰ
Ļ棬ͬپ¡
Ȼ˿壬۾¶һ˿ֵɫһúá
ڰһͬһֻޣܹӰͬʱвصҲһУ£
ܵĿռ䣬Ȼӿ֮УһԲԲ£Ժл𣬹⻪գǧԽԽߡ
ܵ£ȻҫߵĺɫԽԽ
һѾͬһֻӥĳųҫ˶ȥ
΢ĳգͬ»УŶĳҫȥ
СŪ飡
ҫۼ״ֲм΢Σ̤һֵĲȻܹһ漴һЦҲҴУһн񡣡

ſһȣԴȻһԲԲĹ⻷·̫ԡ
Уֳһֻڵѻѻ򱶣·𷢳⡣
Ȼһȳᣬëͬɫ
У͵طһ͡죬ë֮վԽѡ
һ̣ҫ˲۷Ϊ¶ɣ̨һʽ֮¡
棬أ֪ԷǶˡ
ħͫ
̹⻪˫֮һţ˲ҫʵ
һƷӣһʩչڿУ·һӰȻӰдж£δ˿˺ۡ
һ̣ת䣬˫۱ɫ⻪ͬöɫУһӡҫ۵˫ۣ˫۵֣ӳڶԷС
ʲô
ҫûм˹ĹҪȻ֮䣬ɫһն£һ㣬Ŀ
ҫжȻһʹ˫ֱϥ͵ش
˻ᣬôܷŹ˫ĿһȻ
һ̣һѾԭʧһ̣Ѿڳҫǰ
ָָָ̧罣ֱֱ
â׹βָһϳһĻ棬ݺݵػ˳ҫĲ
飡
һ죬Է޷֮ƺһʱɣ̱ڵأеѸٵȥ
ʲô
ϵһĻڳв˵ͷ˶һ㾪°ͣԭվ
ǰʮĵ֮һʥ֡ҫȻһڵӡ
һ߷֮һܴѱһ塪壡
Ȼʵ
Զһ£òֺ۾Уȴ˸˿˿ӣʹָڣһֱû뿪ߣ״۾һ¶һ˿⣬漴һ
֪ҫ
ư֣ˣʱսýҲʱ䣬Ȼǵһʱעߣҫ̨սʱ΢һȡʤȴǲһ㶡
ܻʤҲûʤף˼򵥣
⻹Ǹǵһ𣬱֮ΪսŵĻӣ
ҲзЩˣʲô
ֹǣʱ㳡֪ˣ򰵣ĿͶעвһЩڵӰǰеĵӣųϣִ¡
ۼһսʤʮеʥ֡ҫ˶ûˣһ˹ı顣
Ծ𺶣ɻ󣬲⡣
˭Ҳ޷ıʵ
Сӣе˼
һ£ҹʥٷ峤ϣ¶һ˿΢ЦȻ
ǺǣҲңҫʵǲֻӶ֣̫ˣöԷ˿ӣսɣʤ˵
Աһ³ϣͬʱ̧ͷȴȻ෴
Ҳǡ
֮ǰ³Ŀȴûзֲֳͬͬбģвм
ȴһӡ
뿪С֮õĻ壬һ¶ǰһ˹עҫһսȴ˹Ľ
ӣʤ
ͬվ̨ϣȻ֮²вŷӦæߵǰĵ֣˵

̨£ʱͬˮĻư֣ڸ̨ĵͨ죬ȻӦȣԵʮϡǡ
ζһֻۣ÷£һƬ塣
ԸΪȲʡ
״׵²Уվ˫΢ڣֹɧ
ˣ֮ս˽ǰʮѾ֣вߣӵһսԭʸսʤȡߡսʧܣ˳СȣҪս
ң
֪ʱҫѾѣعææؾֱֵֵһԭʮ̨ǰʮĵӣս
һǳҫɫʱͺˣ󲻹ǿֵУͱ䣬̨ȥ
ҫõǰʮʸȴҲϲɫһ뿪
뿪ʱعͷһ۾ȫɱ⣬һƬԹ
Ȼյʧܣһ裬޷Ĩ
̨֮ϣɵڻɹתյľ档
Ȼһܵĳ裬ͽ
ǿ֮սǰʮǿǰʮǿϣ硣ˣɢ˰ɣ˵Ļȥˣû˵ĻȥϢղǿθˣϷҪ񣬲ܲʧܣ
Ҳǣߣ
˶̨¸ɢԼסɽȥ
һߣһ߻ͷһۣ۾ǲ벻⣬۷׷ףָָ㡣
һУģư֣Ӵ˸к漴ȺҲһ˻ص˻壬бչء
֪һս㲻ʲôȻʤȷ˵һҡ
ΪҫʵԻûȫӳǱԼġӡͫͻȻһֲѡ
һ̨ϣȻӮûô򵥡
ҶԷһսԷ׼˵ŪʲôɱУҲѲ
һսıȻӲη塣
°ܽѣʹ⼸죬ʵǿǿȥ
οԼҲеδ¶һ谭ˮͶѡ
ҹ
ϣϢ絶߰İԱϼÿһ׳һȦ˲жν
ڶ賿۾ϵϢԺˣͬʱҲһЩ漴ֱʩء
ϵƣתŻ¶ȥ
Ƭ̺һ㳡
̨û䣬ֵ˻࣬պܶûгֵŵӣҲвΧг֡
ʣ뿴ûʲôӣвǵĴڡ
һЩųϣִ£ƵƵڴˣҪھԼҪӣбֵúõģ츳ʵͻģȻὫ֮£ΪԼ״ӡ
Ҳ޷ǰʮЩԵ͵һЩӣΨһһԾŵĻᡣ

ͣһοʼ
һΣ鵽ģ̨
ĵһ֣һ£٣Ȼһ˵ͬΪŵӵʮһԱľĺǡ
ģ֮һʥٷ壬Ϊγɫǿϣ벻ȻҲͦǰ٣һڰǿʮĵһսϡ
ֻʱ˳֮Ϊ塱ӣڵȴΪ֮˽֪һƥͳƺšӰ֡
̨ԶһʱЩţȻԾþû˵
գµӺǴƳţǿѹһ˫ȭڵ֣óɣΪͺãܽǰ٣Ѿ㣬Ǻһսۡ룡
ԣҲеӣɫ֣أһȭͬ룡
˲˲սһ
̨֮ϣ顱֮ڶһΣΪйľ飬Բ˽ǰĿͶעһߡ
ճʼʱ̨ĳ棬


64 ʮһǻ
գۣѹʮС
µӺۼսʤ֪Ըȥ۾֮йâһ漴һľ壡
ֻУȻɳɫ㣬Щɫ㣬Ө㣬ͬһֻֻС飬
ǻƤƺҲͬһʱ̷⡣
ʱһʱʢʮָĨйٶʱ⻪һֲ˳ſֱϮ
֨죬¡¡ƺʱըѡ
ľȼյ
״۾΢΢һ֪ٵˣսǵ˸ýʱˡ
ԥ΢˾ͻΪһӰȻֱ˺ǰ
ֻбģ߳һʦܣˣʮü֮壬λÿջ
ֻУȻһ١
ٷٷ賤գʮɳһ˦·һͷͷһ㣬˺ǵϡ
һ
Ƕپһңɢ
ɫһ࣬Ҫѡ
ڴʱ֮ϣ仯使޺컨ΣȻ顱һġ
䣡
һԣˣѪɫͬһʱ·ѣ¶൐ı
ǵ̨ԵòǿסΣ漴תͷЦһˣʦֺĻķڷǡ
˵̨꣬Ҳδξɥ
״Щˣ΢΢һЦ̨ͬ

̨֮ս̨֮ϣȴһЩսҡ
ĺ̨
Ӧѩ飬Ͼ飬ֱӳΪŵӣòμС⣬ˣԲμСȡ
ֻǣư֣ӣˣͦǰǿ
ˣỤ̊긵ţȣȴʧܣֹİ⣬Եǰ١
⵹ʵǽʱʵ̫̣ѧޣΪҲδȹ̵ԭ
̵ȣֱʧҲѣԩ
ʱĿͶĺ̨Ϊִ˺̨֮ϣȻͦǰٵı֮һң¡
Ķ֣һٻӣһ£ʹĹΪһƷн׹Сն
ֻÿһնбһϸϸİ׺ۣ絶ΣҪʵʡ
꣬ȻƷн׵ĹСն¯ĵز
Ȼǰ£һ£ʹһĲÿÿڼ䲻ݷ֮䣬ܹԷĹȻ˳۽һȭ
Ų䣬·̨֮ϣģȻһ·ɾ
βϻζǰٻ꣬ԽԽǱգʮУͱһǫ̃̄
̨ϲ֮ӣ£ʤ
״վ̨ϣ΢ЦӢݣһ£忡ɣ̨²ΧŮľ
°·ӵ־дĵ֣Ҳ·˹֮ɹâ
ɹǰʮǿǳ֮⣬ڶǰʮǿıŵӣ
һӵĺߣЦݵվ̨£սʱͷƷΪ⡣
״֪ǣӦþưֿУµ峤ˡ
ٽһֻս΢ӳɫмܣΪӣֱӽڣһǰ;
ջĿ⡣
ȻԶһĻعͷͼ˺̨֮ϣһӣԾ̨
ƽ˫Ŀıɫʰֻ¶һһɫòڣȻƮ״меλ
棬һ£嵤¯ӣ浤塣
Ȼ꣬浤ɫ䣬ԥ˰ΣȻһȭȻͷҲأ̨תȥˡ
ǲսˣ
״΢ɫҲû⣬ջĿ⡣
ԼĺЦУݣʮӰһ콣塰Ͻ컪
ԭ
ͷһǵҲˡ
ܿ죬һֳɹ컪ư֣ӣˣɹǰʮǿ
³ɹư֣ӾȻҲܴ˶֣ɹ΢⡣
뵽֮ǰ˵ưѾɹڰ˲㣬أұһ֡
ӣҲǺǵģʢ˥İٻ壬̶ʱͻһִ֣ҲֶΡ
ҲͲжˡ
սһһңһһѣǻܼܲǾͲ֪ˡ
µӺǣȴһսʧܣԵǰʮǿȥ
ֿʼ
⽫ǹؽԵģһսǰʮǰʮ̭ս
ܳɹͦһأõĽ㲻̫
ͦһأлᣬǰʮˡ
ʱСȵĸ߳׶Ρ
ʱ֡
δʱ̡
̨һɣ̨
棬һһ˫֣ȴֳһƹƽꡣ
̨֮£ʱ𣬲ʱûб߱Ѿϵĵӣ״ȫӿȺ̨ӿ
ǡƾǻԭʮһ
˵˴£֮ǰŻѾͻ˲۷壬Ųڸвһ֮ң
ǰǰĿǰ壬ǰʮǰʮ̭ϣ˱һƥˡʥ֡ҫġӰ֡кϷˡ
ٺ٣һĿԴ


65 ƾʽӰ
ƾǻ𣿡
ԷֶԷҲڴӣ˭Ҳû׶֡
˵֡
˵һ죬ԭлǰʮ֮һ
֪ΪʲôԸˣ躹ޣһ̵ֱΪľһ죬һ˹Ŀ࿴
˵ĹΪƾʽһźպĹλƷϽףʮǿ
⣬Ҳºŵ
˵ڵӦòܻƷϽϵĹ
˵ɴǺһɹĳһͨ˵ɵ񣬴ӶõĽ
һ֣ԲС
ɫ״֣Ҳεġ
ʥ֡ҫġơͬλƷϽףҲһ£
˵£µģˡ
οҲûƷϽϵĹ
ƾƾ֪Ĺط
˼䣬²һӣʼ
漴Ծ̨ˡ
ΣѾԸ̨֮ˣΪȻֻһЩڵӣһҲп˵ǡ
ʱûط˵ȥ
꿴һûи˵Ļᣬһ͡ৣһֱӳ
ƾһʽ÷
ֻ̧ƽᣬǰ·ӻһĳ

У΢΢һһ͸ƾֱϮǰ
״ԾڶԷ֮٣ƾ֮ǿҲη塣
ʮüˮ
ǰȻһõĳ·һīɽˮ
УɽˮˣȪ΢ڣ˲С
ǻƾһþþһ󲨶ɽˮ飬ȻƬ̣ȴʵˡ
⣿
ԷдƬ̣漴ֻΪЦеֻͣˣôⳡյˡ
ƾʽټ
һīۣĳ֣·ӳĳһնķɽˮǰ
ɽˮѣɢҲؾۣǻɱһ£Ѿǰ
״Ų΢ˣ΢΢һЦô
һת˶Ȼһֻޣ֮ԭѾֻһ磬ǻڡ
Լɱ˫ƣĳֱϮƾǻȫ
ǻһЦˣ

Ȼڵ̤֮һһ塣
飡
һ죬̨Σһ̳һɻˣ͵رֱ
βȣһԣ˶ΧƾǻĿʱơ
̨£˾Ӱ
˶۾Ī
Ӱ˵еļƷһһһʽÿһӵĪ
̨ϣƾǻһһ̤ÿһ·̨ҡһΡ
˫㣬ȻСһ̤£ȴ̤ɽأ֮һȦȦ಻
̨֮ϣɳ̳˫ۡ
ˣͬһȦӰһּ߱ƣ̬ǿᣬ΢Σ΢΢һȦһʽͬʱ
ƾƣֺͼ
ңƺƾͬʱϮȫһ̣ǱܵУʧܵĴʡ
Ȼ˭ҲûпУ۾֮Уȴһƽ޲
ʽӦ˰ɣƾʽӰӦþļ˰ɣ
ȻˣҲֵˡ
˫ͫУ¶һּɫ⻪ʱǻУǰȴٳ
۾һ漴ԥ˫˲Ʒӣ˲䷢һ˲ˡƾǻı
΢΢һ̨һɰĳ
ʮü֮ģˮзɳ
ȻȻأȴһ󲻶ԣǰ֮ӰȻֻһӰ漴һЦǺǣҲˣΪҾôֶΣ
һƺһǻӰȻڰ뻯ΪӰɢ
֮ϣȴۡһȻһ죬һػС

ӦǶȻһȣֻһ˶ʱ󵹷ɶˡ
󣬽Ų̤ıը֮ٴ̨֮ϣһ˲ȫǻ̤ȶ
ȭȦչһǳȭֱϮġ
һ̨̣˵Ķᵽɤۣ̾һ૵Ҫսôϧ
ҲԩˣԷϽлΪǰʮ֮һһΣǰʵʧڶԷϣҲΪЦ
ǡ
ٵ롣
ҲЩģ̵ر˫ۡ
ڴʱ̨֮ϣ仯
Ǻǡ
һЦ˶УҳϵȷС㣬ԭڵʮһȷڵʮһʱ
ͬģҲСҡ
Щԣ
ƾǻȻӦ˹ЩҪһԾ
ǣѾˡ
һ·ˣ׼˵ص㣬
ž
һ̣һ֧ʺ컨ľ޴٣ȻԵһͷ
ǻһԣͷʱѣ衣
ڴʱԭӦǱܵȴһת˷һ壬ײǻС
飡
Ϊ㣬ݺݵһ󴷣ײǻؿڣԷʱƺһԺˣؿڴĹһѪֽ
ԣ˵̨Եָأɫ԰ףսֻһԹض
СӣҼסˡ
Ȼȴû˶Էһۣ漴Ծ̨ȥȴǼٵˡ
ʱ³ϲŷӦ˹̨֣ӣʤ

̨£Χ۵Աû뵽д˱仯һ¶ŵɫ滩Ȼ


66 ׵
һУˡ
㿴Ҳں
Ѿص壬صԼĶңԻͳһƿ򿪣ͳһ̷ȥ
漴ĬĬĿϥһȦȦתԪƸ˴
һʱ֮ͷһƬͬӺˮ̳ȫʪ͸
ڻع۾һãָӰս
գЩСˣ
˫Ŀһعսа裺սʤҫԼҲ᷸´ëȻ˶ԷȦס
ҲǺ£Լǰʮûһ򵥵ġ
ʹ֮ǰԼĳҫҲһݰǷ˺Լһë
սǰʮĸʴСģһ̽ĺ
ӦòԼսˡ
ŵСȣǰʮǰʮһһԾʤĶʮˣӵй̶
ʧܵĶʮˣ֮䣬ս
Щ޹ˡ
˭ʤƾǻǲܼʱϣμʣµսûǰʮġ
ģԼĶ֣˭
գۣһҹʱȥڶѵ
𴲣һҹʱټĴսΪǰһСﵽ˲жξ硣
˲߶ΣҲʱѡ

峿ģչա
ڵӾ۾ӵأ㳡
ʮ̨߸ߴһҹıԣǰʮǿȫ
ǰʮȻȫ룬磬һ˵ġƾǻȻҲǿѹƣμ˺Ḵսɹһ
գͽǰʮǰʮľս
һأʹһţΪŵӣˡ
ݣλȫͬ
ԴţҲԶŵܱȡ
ϵʱ򣬷ư֣Ѿˡ
ǰ뿪֪˵Ĳһʲ֪ưϵĶ֣ǲǿɽ
ӣôãԭڵʮ壬׵㱻öףɾղҰճԵǰʮǿ
ĸսҲμˣɼǲ룬Ⱥ˼ǿ֣ѹһ
գʧȥʸȷڵʮ
Դˣưֶοһ£ŵӣڲºСϣȡ˳ɼѾǲˡ
ҺôǽǰʮǰʮҲһ֮ңһݽá
ԼҲȽϻαۡ
ĿģǿʤǼʶĳ棬磬Ժܿʰ飬˽սΪ˼ͺȲʡ
ңˬһظƱֵܽǰʮҾڡС¥һΪֵףƼ˽ǰʮҲͬȫͬʱǰʮҾġǧζӡΪǰһȫô
ưֶһۣ΢Цļٵģô󷽣
ޡ
һ˦ͷĵǽǰʮٰǲһǰʮǾ˵ٸˡ
ǰ壬ǰҵҲԸⰡ
ǾһҪһˣ
ưһЦΪ˴Դ󻧣ǰʮҲһҪһοг͡
á
Ҳ΢ЦӦ
˽֪ԷĿĲڳԺȣڰģɹͷɥԲɰеˡ
ͬʱһ⼸ȶ֮еţЩʵǿЩֶΣЩһҪע⣬ЩӲһ
˿У֪˲õϢЩûôעġ
һ£кôġ
ʱ÷ɿ죬գۣ˵䣬ǩʱٴ٣һΣʽͬ
ʮˣǰʮҲ˵Уܳɹʤһˣɹǰʮ
ԣһγǩ飬Ҳ˵һ飬һʮ飬ÿһСĵһɹ
вҲӵһսǰʮĻᣬĻᣬֻһΣһʧܣҲԵǰʮǿ
죬Ľ׶Σɹ߶ʮϡ٣Ϊǰʮʮֹƽˡ
гɹߣҲЩǿǿǿ߶ֵһ
ǵʮϡ٣ĳֲϹӣǰôೡս˭ʵߣ˭ʤ࣬˭ʵսۣɢ䡣
ңԭǰʮͬһҲ˵ǰʮᱻȷ䵽ʮ飬ÿһˣǰ֡
һƥϵĺּ֣
鵽ߺ顣
ưֳ鵽˰˺顣
ߺ飬ѡ֣ԭߣʹָڣ
˺飬ѡ֣ԭڰˣʥ֡ҫ
Ȼǣ
һۣ˶˶Էеء
ưֻãҫʵǿҲֻ˲۷壬Ų㻹һξ룬١
ҶԷʧܹһΣйӰưսʤѡ

ʹָڣŲ۷徳磬ʮ⻯һ֮ң˲Σ߳λ
Ķ֣Ҫ˵ȫѹƭ˵ġ
ˣһ£³Թڴһս֮ˡ
ͣ
ͣ
˻һȭԷֱԼ̨ȥ
ԥһ£뵽֮ǰԵڣҫˣΪԼˣǰ˺̨ۿߺ̨£Ϊ͡
Цļʾģ漴ûԥһݣ㼴Ʈߺ̨
ĵһ֣ڣһЩ벻Ķ֣ԭʮ壬׵
Ǹ֮ǰǰʮǰʮ̭սУ˳ӵڵӣ׵
սǣͨսһֻ֣еʤߣӵѡһսʸǰʮ
⣬ѡֵȨʧߣֱʧȥʸ
׵
عͷԷֶԷҲڴԼ۾Уһ׹Ծ·ս
ǿս⣡
΢΢һЦһУ룡
׵Ҳ΢΢һЦͬһ֣Ҳ룡


67 ʮʤ
˶Ƭ̣Ȼͬʱˡ

һ׵֣ԱγһͷϱĴ󵶡
ѵȫʣһΣϣ׹⣬̨֮ϣȻһ
׵ľһ֮
䣡
֮ϣ·һǰֻһϵ⣬Ҳ̨֮ϣֻһϵ磬ֱֱĳͷ
Ƶһڴˡ
Ȼ˿޾壬΢΢һЦһбڳһˮзɳƣ΢΢һ
һӣȻǰ֣ب뷽ǰ
ϵУȻڣһˮ
׹ڣȫʧȻ˫һɳԺˮ֮һӶһȭֱϮؿڡ
Ӱ֣Ȼ鴫úã
׵̾һ꣬Թأ׵ľڶʽ֮׳Ȼ£
¡
һ֮ǰӴִϵ磬ƾ£ϵͻͣ˫ۣӶ־ֱκεֿ֮ġ
ȻһѾӰһѾˡ׵
ݣƷӣɵƭЧ
ϵһˣһУУƭĶѡ
׵һЦˣһתȻ֮
һ֮ǰͬ쳣ҷ·һɽѹ˴
׵ʽ֮ء
õ
ʹ۾ҲӹһĨ֮̾ɫһŵѷɫڡƾǻġƾʽ͡Ӱ˵ҲһƷϽ׵
ȻڵӽǲСԻһʮλĵӣ˵̣ʮѵá
̨£ӱԼҪţ۾Ȼһ
ԭӦǹΪ͵ģȴޱ뿴ܶԷĳ棬Ϊǰ֣裬ʧܶء
˵ʣϣϾʲôʵ¡
̨֮ϣ˫΢΢һڣһƣض⣬ͬʱʮָ·һʮΣһһ컨ͬʱԷĺ󱳡
Ȼٺ컨ľûп㱻ûҷ𣬼״ġ׵¶⣬Ц
ҳȷһѵһĺö֣սʤ˳ҫǻҵ׵ȴĿǣκλüյ֮£޷̫ãһΣҪܵķڷ
˫һͬʱϵ׼һն׵ľʽҲһʽǿһʽ֮
ȻڴʱζȻһӰһָѾĲϡ
ˡ
΢Цŵ
⣬ôܣ
׵ǲţյ֣ɲһ£תͷôǱȥģ
ֻǵȻһЦΪҲ֪ƻҵȻ֪֮ȻʹΪҲǻһ֡
ΪұʱиֻҪһиұ˻ᣬһ˻ᣬʧ֮
ҡ
׵ƿԣΣ޺һҡͷ𳤵̨ȥ
״΢΢һЦͬԾ̨һ̨һȻֱסһգ
ֵܣллˣ֮£ˣұѩޣö˵С¥㡣
㣬㣬ˣ
˲ֱֻۣӷӦһ죬æɿ֣ⶫȥ
˼Ҳ̫ˣһʤʵǼģһ㻹ҪСģʹָڣɲʲôʲӵġ׵ܱȡ
֪
Ȼ֪й͡׵֮⣬ͬףʹ׵ǿҲ롰ʹָڣȡ
Ϊǿʮǿ֮һ
һɾʯ£ȴһưһɵĻͳһ䣬ز˲ϵĺ
ô
ʵΪǵһսǶԸҫ˵Ҳεġ
Ȼ
ư΢΢һЦôȻսʤ֮ˡһεĶ֣Ǿ벻˭
˭
ͳһӣɻصѵʲô֣ʲôŮȻôӣ
ޣǰʲôˣ
ڱǰưֶһı飬ǰȴѵõıͯ档
һЦ£һ𣬽ڵİ֮һ벻Ҳǰʮǿպңǳ֮⡣

ͳҲ΢΢һ㵣˵ʵԴǰٽǰʮǿ֮ûôע
ֱ񣬵ڵİ˸ˣܳɹͦǰʮģҲʣư˶ѣ벻ֶһ¡
ڶԷҲʧˣͬһʱŵưϣأдսҲ㹻ˣ峤¼ǺţƸΪӰɡ
ô֮СȽδûлᣬһһͬڡ
ʱͬһڵĵˣҲԵݡ
˵ˣһսмʤ㣿
ư֡
˷֡
ưһЦ漴תͷأ
ͬʮֺ棬עı飬һЦһָ
һ֣
Ŵڣڰɣôûţ
ư¶˼֮ɫһ۳ӣ漴ò˵
΢΢һЦˣͷʮ֡

ӣưͬʱŴ죬ſڣ˵ʲôֹסֻοЦ
ԭΪҹſˣû뵽Ҹſ񣬲ҲǺ£˵㹻šٽϣܸһϲ
ˣʱ쵽ˣϳɣ
á
һ֣ͬʱٴһݶ𣬸ԳԼ̨֮ȥ


68 ڣ
ߺ̨֮ϡ
ڣһ£վЦ˶ӰȻŲһ̤һݣȻǰվŵ½ŵ㡣
㡭
״۾һڰȻһתȻջһվ
ǺǣʦֲʦܵӦѣʦܹȻȻ˿ҵľ͸ı˷򣬺ˡˣʦӦòְɣ
ڣ΢΢һЦصЦʮϡ
ֵ¼°ɣ
ö໰ӣޣҫ˲ϲ
ҫȻţĵûôƣԸԷڴ϶˷ʱ䡣
ҲãʦܼȻţǾͳаɣ
ڣ״˫Ŀ֮УĹâһһĨ⡣
漴ֹȣ˺һ΢Ц
á
Ȼưֵ˵ʤʮ֣ǿοǣ֣ӡ
һֻ̤ԲȦһһУһһ컨·ð漴ֿήգ֮䣬л
򵥵Ķ֮䣬һصĸоȴǵͷӰ˵ĸй٣ٻ˵Ķ
ǻô治ǻĸ㡭
ڣĿ¶мһЦ˿Ӱ죬ֻͣȥӰɣ
ôڣʦֹģȻڣʦʧ
΢΢һЦȻȻ󣬵ٿʲô
֪ʲôʱڣһõĳȻңңֱָģȻɢһĺ
ǣм
һ̣ڣ˫Ŀ΢΢һʾһĨ֣أȻԻйһЩ˽ףڰϢ۳һѳмеʽ
Щ֮ǰǼսУһûʹùġ
Ϊǧɱѧһмڣʦ֣㿴Σ
΢ӣȻֻһʮʮ٣ٻǧ
ĵӰգȻ֪õģɿҲ𶯡
һӣг·Ⱥһ㣬ֱڣĲλϮ̹ǡ

˺̨֮ϡ
ư֣ҫԶ۾Уſ̹ǵĺ⡣
ưֺ޵ģǶԷˣΪǷֵֻء
ҫ޵ģȴưһģ֮ǰ̨֮ϣһʧ֮֡
ڣԷиǿڣʦ֣ؽһÿ
ףڣʦֱȣȴǼΪˣеˣʲô³ġ
οƻǺµ
ڣҪģǻǰ֪ߵغĻ꣬һأ˳ϴûõǼֻû
ְɣ
ʼ
Ųһʼưֶۣ¶ҫ磬ƴڽ˲սһ

ʮ̨ͬһʱ䣬˾ս
ʮӽףǺ֮սһʧܣʧ޹⣬ҪӴʹʧԭӦӵеĳΪŵӵĻᡣ
սͬףõĻᣬ̨֮ϣһλԭʮӡ
һɹȵ𣬶һõһʹͣýŵʸ
Щһֵȫȥƴ
һ̨սȻҲǰսӢģʵ޴󣬼һ浹
һ̨
Ͻ컪Ķ֣ԭʮġӡ
ҲΪ̫ˣʹʵڡϽ컪˵ڶ֮㲻֧أ˳
̨
ָ֡ԶĶ֣ԭʮĵġָҹԡ
ǣֻͬһУԷԺˣؿȭս
̨սʧܡ
̨ĺ̨̨
ͬĽֱ̨һı䡣
̨ǡϳӡ
ϳӡһòʮֿʷΣһΪ¹ӣһ˫䡣
ԭٻרɫΪ̣ɫÿüһ飬Ϊ׺˵ʱ˰ٻһλ
أ󱻹½֮󣬲˲ˡ
Ķ֣Ǳˣ֮ǰʧµԭʮһƾǻ
ġƾʽ͡Ӱڴ̨֮ϴŹʣһʱ뾰ﶷѷѽ⡣
ҲԿ棬ֻܣͲ֡
еǹȴˣ˧Ĺߣǻ۴Уȸоܵӣȴ޿κΡ
֤һ㣬һʹǻġӰλƷϽףԶԶ
һĪȴѤսϧˣ˭Ҳ˯ûȤ
Ϊκһķ羰ظһǧ飬Ҳ۵ġ
ߺ̨Ǳһ
Ӱ֡ԡʹָڣ
Ϊ޴Ȼһȴԭʮ壬׵ԭʮһƾǻԭڰˣʥ֡ҫ
ȵڶֵıһһԻŵӡ֮Ϊϲ
һƵʮǿ֮һ屾ڶӣһȭũ֮£ʵˡ
ɣǿ˭ʤ˭˭˭̭˶ۡ
ǡӰֺܼ֡ƣһ·նǾʹǿߡʹָڣܣԵǰʮǿ
һУͿһսˡ
Ȼɱǰʮǿһ죬֪᲻⡣
ߣôʦֵĶ֣ƾһ壬һϷ壿
һ̨¹սӲмص
ʹָڣĶӣĳɼغպԴȻͦڣ
ȻһΣû˻ش˶Կ׳յ۹⿴
ǰǿ⼥ǣԴˡ׵ƾǻʥ֡ҫ󣬲ʵҲû˸˹ˡ
ʵӮõ𾴡
ǰʮǰʮսʤ֮㲻򵥡
û˸ϣεصͷȴԹĿ⣬̨ϵһۡ
ϧʱڴսУпֻܷ֣ɵӵƣ׷ˡ
˺̨
ͬɵĽ棬ʥ֡ҫƱŵưִѽѷ֣һʱԿʤƽǸưб
ҫĲȣģõ˰ľһƬ
ţʮ̨ȻһŮǰʮУʮټġ
ֻ̨һŮҡݷݷ
ź̨Ϊ𻷡ѩΪ˲жΣɽ壬ٻ塣
Ķ֣һµ콣ӣСǬƽΪҲ˲жҡ
ʮ̨֡䣬Ϊ˲سΣɽ壬ʥٷ塣
Ķ֣һֳһ̿ȸᣬȴԴᣬʹһ쵶ӣԪ˼
ɽ壬ٻ塣
ʹѲ⣬棬Ȼһҵĸо
һʱѲ⣬йãȴǱǹԪ˼ռϷ硣


69 ս
ߺ̨
಺μ飬ƾˡ
ȻʹվʹָڣԲɫ
ֻת˷·һֻһתƷнת
ĳδ㱻תĿ磬֧飬ɹģ
һЦСˣ
ʹһָأ
ֻʳָ쿪Ȼһءһںָ籩һֱϮࡣ
ɱ
˫ͫһϣη壬һ縡ĭȻȥ
ںָпһ죬ɢ٣Ӱһ߳֡
˹ģܶݵȥ
ʹָڣȻ漴ٴֵָ
͡͡͡͡͡һʮָڰ֯ȫ£һп֮ء
ˮɱ
һߺȣȻ䣬ǰĿȻϸϸܵˮ飬ٹƬ̣һƬǽǰ
һָ̣Ϯǽֺ㱻ʮָס
Ȼָ֮󣬿տҲӰѲ
һУ
ڣ˫Ŀ΢У˼ܣȻ䣬һתںָ״һ˿յػȥ
ҵˣ㣿
ͣ
ָͬʱһ죬顱һڿһ֮ӰȻһӰ
ȻӰָһָУȴʱѩѳɵС˶һȻɢ
ǣٵģ
ʹָڣ״΢΢ɫ
֪ˡǧڡмþ֮ѧģмüˮɱӰ÷֮һ
ģɲֻһмȻʱޣһмþѧٷ֮һҲ㹻ˡ
Ǻǣڲŷ֣ˣ
飡
һ죬һӰȻڡʹָڣ֣һӡļͷ
Уƣڡ
֪ʵǿǰӲ˶ãٷ
ʹݣΪڣѡ
һƣػڣϣȻûԤеаܸһʹڣϣȻһ飬ͬɫСһĸס
ڣ޷ƶˣֶηʤ˶֣ѿ
ƷϽ׷Ӱף
ûѧκһŷȻ֪벻ڣƷнתһǿķӰףһƣʱ޹
ڣЩɫС飬ζ£漴Ļ⻯ȥ
ڣһ֮ɳһ漴̲סЦ
Ʒֻ»Ʒ½װɣΪŵӣȻʹƷ½׹Ҳ±Цǻ壬
Ҿʹ׷ָ
Ȼ䣬ٴ˫ƣʮָʮ֮ǰ죬ǿ·һڹ⣬ȫ´
ңαЩָ;ת䣬ԭֱֱʹָȻһ
ǣʹָ߾磬ʹ׷Զ׷Ѱ˵Ϣ򣬲Ŀ꣬Ĳݣ
ͷȻһ֪ԼС˴ˣʹָһżΪǿƷϽ׵ĵ뽫¯࣬ɡʹ׷ľ磬˲֪ٿ๦
ڣԲֹһ˼˰ܳΪʮӣıǮ
ϧ
ҡͷһЦҵȷûǹ࣬ǣʽǿͺãӦʽãջʤ
ӣ
ڰ֮У·ӥһϷӣϸı䷽ʹ׷ָǿǣӿƷ׷֮ϡ
ڣ˫ֱۣסЦȷǿҲǼΪԪȥҿֵܼʱչ鲻Ҫҵʹ׷ָ׷ϣ
ôǿɲһŶ
һЦȻ䣬˫죬ʮָͬǶˮɱ
žžž
һǰ̨Ͽγɣסʹ׷ָķʹ׷ָȻ׻ƱٶҲɴ˻
ٴִʮƬʹ׷ָȫɢ֮ͣԷһУʹ׷ָƺҲûжЧ
ô˿ȷЩСˣ
ڣȻһЦЩˣҲЩˣһǰʮ˵ĵͼôãӵġ
ΪҵУʹָǲǰųһѣ
ýˣƷ׹аޣ
ء
ϣȻһϯת̨֮ϣȻһ͵͵Ŀ֮Ȼֱ䣬ҡĻζѡ
ʹȥΣҲԵֿ
ͷһ󷳶ĸоϴƣһ԰еΣס䣬Ժˡ
̨£ͬʱһƬȻ


70 Ȼľǰʮ
ʲô
Ʒ׹
ôܣ
ƷϽ׹ŵжʮټҪƷףǼǴûгֹ
ҡаޡôطôɭɭֻ֣˲
̨£ӵıѾ״סˣ뵣ǡ
䲻֪аޡʲôжǿ󣬵ԣѾסˣܲʱ⡣
ܻ˵ڣ̨ܲ˵
Ͼս֮ǰ˿ûֹսļȥģǲпڡ
ʵڲоͿ䣬䰡
̨£סźȻܿϧ˵滹һĻ赲ֹӰ˵ս
ûУԴʱҲü
ĶУֻһɭޣ飬಻סͣըѡ
ͷ֮УһֻֻɭצϮѪܵģɭɭ
оԼҪˣҪըҲʲô۾ҲƷƺʱȥ
ڣ¶ЦƺƶԼѾʤԭصҪȡԼʤĹʵ
߾ԽԽʮɣɣɣһɡ
ߣĳߣߣһߡ
ڣͷȥ̧˫ơ
ڴʱһֱͷ۵Ȼ̧ͷ¶һ΢Цϵˣ
ʲô
ڣоãμˣȻѾˡ
ϣһɺƺƵ絽µȻת˫ƣֱϮ־жзڣ
飡
ڣɵص̨һǣҲͲסۡһһѪ
һĻ˵̨£ǵӣֹսĲУҲͬʱסˡ

Ƭ֮ߺ̨֮ϣǸбӣʤ
ôܣ
̨һߣѾʧȥսµڣ˫ֺ޺һ棬ǲʡ
ͷҲףΪʲôûа޵Ӱ죿˵ǻԪʿȻӵǿľ
Ǻǡ
һЦһۣΪķȻľ
˵̨꣬
ʲôȻľ
ڣȻסˣһľɥͲʣƿЦսܸԽܣ
ôܣһŵĵӣȻ߾ѧ֮һȻľԩԩ
սס
ǣΪа̫ǿ̫δŹЧʶΪѾϵ⣬׸
Ծɢȥˣ䱸ȫʧͱһС
ΪʲôȻľʲô
̨£ҲеӺ治⣬ʵ
Ա˿ЦȻľǿ󣬵ûôǿΪֻƷϽ׹˵Ʒ׻аޡ
Ϊʲô
ӻǲס
ʵЩͷӣĵؿ˶ԷһۣȻľȻľ㲻ף˹רһаħع

ŴͣȻ̨֮ϣ·һ̯ƵʧǵġʹָڣҲֻˡ

һ̨´͵һӭһܱģڵڰˣ£ǰʮȵˣС¥飡
ͬףΪʲôúúõģƺ޷֮ͷȴطתһ˾ת
֮Ҳһͣ漴̲סЦããѭӦˬʹ찡ʵʹ죡
ڣҫǽڿԷңʹµ֣ȻҲɡ
ЦЦû˵һߣҲ磬һ壬̨໹ûнȥƼˣ
Ҳá
ţ˺̨֮£ŸյͿҫưøְŪڹ֮С
Ƭ̣žһһöڻƣưһΣԾգϢ䣬ͻΪһŻӰգ۵˳ҫǰ
ҫţȻƾᣬưֵ־ѾǰĲϡ
ҫʱס
Ƭ̺󣬲̨
ҫܣʧȥǰʮʸ
ư֣ʤͬǰʮ
ŴֱͣԼ۾սʤԼߣʲôʱôˣ
̨ϲ֮ưһɵ̨ЦǺǵؿһɫ䣬㼴֪ߺ̨ĽͬΪˡ
ĳӵļ򣺡㣬ǧζӣɲˡʲôģҲ࣬һ˵ոУ
ԣ´ֱӵƤһֱֱسȥ
ưּˣЦֱӼ˼̨˼ۣ־⼸Ĺ̨Ҳֳʤ
һ̨Բ˵ͽսһ⣬ȫԭǰʮʤսʧܡ
ʵ⣬ԽҲͲˡ
ֱ̨һ˿仯
̨Ϊٻһӣϳӡʮ⻯жξ硣
Ķ֣ԭʮһƾǻҲƾʽӰǳͨڵӵľѧ
Ͼķˮ㡰սٸغϣһʽƷ˫С̨ɹʤ
ߺ̨ԡʹָڣʮӡ
Ҳʮ̨һλϮʮɹ
ңǱ¼Ųµͨӡ
ģ߷֮ӵһ壬壬䶯
˺̨ưսʥ֡ҫϵأͬʤͬʱϮɹռǰʮ
ź̨𻷡ѩһսȴЩѣͷ㱻̡
գƾŸ߳һΪԪ̶ϣʤ֣УĹԷԪɹʤԼڵھŵͷ
ʮ̨Ҳһ̨ȴǱα˳֮ء
ԭʮ֮һ֡䣬Ȼһ߲Σ֮ǰɽ¶ˮû˵İٻͼӣԪ˼
λ˳֡
Ҳ˵֮ս˵һֵ̭ǰʮȻ㻻λˣȫ֮ǰû˿õˣȷһص
֮һĴѪСϣʮټ顣
ǰ죬Ҳûгֹǰʮԭʮһʮʮǿߣһʱڣӱϣԭǰʮʤ
Ҳһλλҡ
ͬʱһ죬λȫˣԭɽ¶ˮĵӣȴǲܷ顣
һ죬ҲΨһ
ư֣Ԫ˼Ϊĺ


71 ǧζ֮ҹ
̭˽ǰʮȫⲢꡣ
Ϊһս
ǰʮʧߣһսǰʮĻᡣ
ֻһΣһʧܣǰʮԵ
ѡĿ꣬ء
ǰԲ˵ûһɵȥսǡ
һΣ˷ڸûϣ֮ϣ޴
֮⣬Ҳûб˵ս
Ϊսʤǻҫڣˣһʱ
Ͼսʤһ⣬ˣΡĴΣʵһһǿǾͲ⡢˶֣˵ͨˡ
ԣˣҲ˸ҽĿ׼
ư־ûôˡ
Ͼǳ¶ǣ֮ǰԣսʤҫȻԵɣûѹԵơ
գԭʮġӡԭʮĵġָҹս
գżͲεսʤҫģԼͲ׵ʵưջսʤסԼǰʮͷ
ǰʮУư֮⣬ˣҲ㵽ֽܳս
ˣһ˱ǣԭڵھţ𻷡ѩ
һˣȻʮȸᵶԪ˼
ѩһԣǰʮҲǿգԭʮ֡䣬Լԭߣʹָڣս
֡ԭͱһսܸһ˵ӣȫޣսܡ
ʹָڣȴսɹɹ
Ȼܸʵˣߺ͵ھ֮䣬ϾǾ޴ġ
գ𻷡ѩʧȥǰʮʹָڣػǰʮǿ
Ҫ˵֮УսģȴУʵͣʹսʤ䣬Ҳû˿ٻͼӣȸᵶԪ˼
սģһˡ
ԭʮߣǬƽԭʮ壬׵ԭʮһƾǻԼǿһԭڰˣʥ֡ҫ
˶ΪڶǿߵַսԪ˼벻Ҳѡ
Ȼ˭ҲûԤϵľǣԾƾеһĪĿȸᵶɹһһսʤΪһʤһ
Ƿƽǻǳҫնһһ£ҰܵĪԭڵʮ֡һģһ
գʮȴֽ׶ڰ˵ưָȥ
ˣһһȵСȣ̭׶ȫ
ǰʮҲ֮ʽȷ
һԭһϽ컪ɽ壬콣壬Ϊ벽Ԫ
ڶͬû䣬ԭڶָ֡Զɽ壬浤壬Ϊ벽Ԫ
ͬˣȭũףɽ壬壬Ϊ벽Ԫ

ġ塢Σδ仯ֱǣָףҡݷݷϳӡ
ɽֱΪʥ٣ٻΪֱΪʮ۷壬ʮ߶ΣʮжΡ
ǰޱ仯ȴһȫ˸
ߣӰ֡ɽ壬壬Ϊ˲жΣŵӡ
ڰˣԶͫư֣ɽ壬浤壬Ϊ˲Σŵӡ
ھţʹָڣɽ壬壬ΪŲ۷壬ԭߣܣ־ӵھš
ʮȸᵶԪ˼ɽ壬ٻ壬Ϊ߲Σٻһͼӣ
ˣսҲ˽ʽʼĳһһɢ
ȴս֮һִ·ε꣬ȴɫĽھŵġʹָڣߡ
ϢͨģѾо»̨ӭսʱʹõƷ׹аޡйˡ
Īǣⳡʲôʣ粨

ҹ
ŷģһ¥ǧζӡſڣưһ鲻Ըĳӣ߽˾¥Ĵš
ţһµĽŮӭϣصλҪ¥»¥ϣỹǴã
¥ϴðɣ
㿪ڵȻ˵׳һ٣ҲóӴѪǧζǳģһ٣ͨ˷Ʋɡ
ӣֻҲҪ졣
õģλ
Ůӭ¥ٽֵһã漴ưֿʼˡ
Ȼûһ˵ˣ˵˸Բ꣬Ե꣬Ҳԡ
գ߰˵¥زɫҪһЩƣʲôɫˣȻ;ȴ
Ҳֻװģ״һЦֻֻŮٴָ¥Ĳȡ
˾һߵȴһϺ
߼¥Ȼи߼¥ķ񣬾Ʋϵúܿ죬ܿ죬һ߳һ죬Ҳĵʮֿ
ȻĵģȻưֳɹǰʮԼ顣
ǧζӣԲֹһڴˣҲ칦˵
ͻȻΪ̸ǡ
ǸӰֻ֡һĵͼӣȴڵһʹǰʮ½׵ˣĽ
ǰһ죬Ϊ˵ǰƽ壬׵ֲ֪˭һУ͵ˡ
һҲ֣ǰʮˣˣҲһΣ⻹ûʼʱ֪Ҫ
ǰ⣬Ҫ˵ưʤҲˣǸԪ˼˵ѽ֮꣬ǰû¶ԼʵξȻһԾ𣬳Ϊǰʮȴʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ǰʵҲûҪһֱôɣҪ˵ɣɿֲҲ߲ʵսȴôˣˡǬƽ׵ƾǻ֡䣬ʥ֡ҫˣʵ˿
ǰԪ˼ô꣬һֱûʲôһʵ̫ˡ
۷׷ףᵽŵǵȴһȸΪû˼֡
Բ似
ˣ˵ߺ̨֮ϣ֮ǰڣڣʦʹõšаޡŸɭʱ̨£ֻһſޣҲ֪Źģҿһִ´ߣܾʴ£Ҳ֪᲻޷ϯ
ӦòɣŲֹл书಻ʹŶصı־书аޣԲ书а֮УѹҪʼˡ
ˣ²֮£ٿɣֵͽˡ
Ҳǡ
۷׷ףûзˣ
ǵưҲһۣ˶Էеɻ
ȷۣһˣô꣬ͻȻһ𣬾ǣ벻Ҳѡ
ǸԪ˼ʲôܣ
У֮ǰڣ̨ʹõġаޡģԭеĵֻ򵥡
򵥰ֻ»ʲô鷢
ãǾѽǰʮô仯ǽڵ£Ҳ׵ģʲô仯ˡ
ңܴﵽΣǲףǱϾˣ˵ٽһҲǷǳѵ£άסΣѲ
ư֣Ƚ㡣
˱ûԼĲһ㷹һתȥ
ʱһЩڳԷڵӣŷڴģˣʱһüžͶĽĿ⡣
Ͼ춼ͬʱԷò˵ǸϢ
ûںܿ¥ȥʱ¥֮Żعһǰָָ㡣
ֱ˵ӰԶȥЩŻصǰʱһתưֵʲôţΪʲô˿ٵϡ
һУûʲôϵˡ
ŷſڷֱ𣬸ԻصԼɽ壬׼μСǰʮ


72 ս
ڶգãơ
۾ƣѾһɨգڡ
õƣɽ
һΣ֮пĵӣȻָָ㣬Բͬˡ
𾴣η壬ֺá
ǰЩӣ񣬲мĿ⣬ȫʧһŶĿĵһҲǳЦݶصı־
вηηӣƺǰ̸ֲҡ
Ȼ߹ûе뷨ֱ㳡ȥоȺȫиóһͨ
һ̣ףܱĿΣǰڣҵǴ
ܿ죬㳡˴Ȼɽ˺ģʮ̨ȴһҹգ֪ȥ
˴ʱЩɧ۷׷ףû˳ǽ͡
ư֣ѾȺˣ׷ӭ
˵һ䣬ɻʣư֣ҲֻҡͷЦֱ̯ʾ֪
Ŀ´˶һвЩеԤУѵⳡսбʣ
ų̂ηʤ
ˣô࣬ʱһȻĸ߲ͣ뼱꣬Ⱦǡ
ߵһߣû˵ĬĬȴ
Ƭ̣ͣԭʮڵսʱ
һ³볤ϣ٣һȽϸߵĵ棬һֵǰʮǰ
ưֶһۣûԥֿȺȥ
ûиȥȺ˻һ֣ʾ
ЦЦͬʱعͷһ֣ߵȺм䡣
һǰʮȫ룬վȺ֮ǰλ³ϡ
³ϿʮˣЦЦû̫ףֱӽ⣺֪ǺɻСսΪʲǫ̂ˣų̂νս
ֻΪ췢һ飬ţǶţЩĿģѾ²⵽¡

ûӣֱӿʮӣڣ̨֮ϣʹó˲аʮֿɲ
ڼݲֹ书ǣа⣬κаĵӣΪֹϸаħ룬ϲ顣
ˣǶϤԭڵߣھţʹָڣ
˶һתͷȺмġʹָڣȥȴɫƽһƺûϢκξʧı飬ֻ΢ͷҹҲδܵ
˱֪Ӧòأߣ˲ȵĴʩ
Ȼ
³ϣ飬ʹָڣѧ书˴ڣ಻аħ壬ǵһϹżаؿߡ
˵أõƷ׹沢ֹһ㣬кö㣬ʵʱֻ˵һ㡣
Ϊ˽ͬʱҲ֤ԼףԸңǰаؿߵĵַһ̽Ǵż֮ԡ
зգͬҲһɳĻᡣ
ϲΪ˸õǣΪǽܳΪϲǰʮս΢һݣսص㣬̨аؿߡ
սݣҲսʤ֣Ǹõȥ㹻ֵ鱨
Ҳ˵ʵǾʤΨһ׼ӦǻΨһϡ
ȻǿԾȥ벻ȥȥģ˳˴Сȣͬʱȡʸ񡣾ȥģǩ״һŸŲ𡣡
ڣʼ
˵꣬һУУȻʮѪ״ֽһӣѾд壬ɵ˵ǰ
״Ѫ֣ȻĿ
õ״ˣеһ䣬ĿϿƬ̣˶Ĭ
̶ȺУһɧ
˭Ҳû뵽һͨͨսվݱսһ˳ֱɥʧڵĻᡣ
ȥģ˳һȥɾûлͷ·ˣ
ף³ϣǿǵ뷨Įһֵ
ȻһϽ컪ԥҧԼһָسе״ϰȥȻ³Уȥ
Ҳȥ
ڶָԶһЦȺ߳ͬҧָѪӡ״ϣظ³ϡ
ֶֺ˵ˣũĳ⣬˺󡣡
߳òģ΢ߣᣬȴһһݣ״һũ
ǣû˸СΪ˾һǰӣȭũס
״ƣ̸γɾʹһͻصˣһС£Ϊ壿
ġ塢ˣ߳ưֶһۣҲͬʱ˵ͷ
˶Ǿ֮ˣẦһСС
ȥ
ͬʱҧָǩѪ״ӻظ³ϡ
գȻԥʮˣȫǩ״һ˳
ãܺã
³ˬһЦûͷʧҲģΣԽ󣬴εջȻԽΪ˽ε¸ңŸ߲ǰʮ
ڵһСѪţƷ׵Сɽһ
ڵڶСѪһţƷϽķⶴһȻغϵģϳţҪһͬƷ׵ķ
ġ壬ԪƿϸһöѡһƷн׵Ļᡣ
ʮŹ׵ǧǮһƷн׹һ
׼ʱ䣬׼ʱ󣬳ʱһ׼ʱ
ɢ
˵꣬³һ֣ûͣ˫һӣһɴӿͲӰ
ʮˣ״ԥ˰ΣҲ飬ȥ


73 ػӰ
뿪㳡֮ư֣ӲûֿһŷУС¥
Ҫһᣬ漴
ֻ²򵥣аؿߣĸ֣оһɭɭοڵһͷƷ׹طֻ²Ƶء
ȻҲʮǰȥӦҹȥ̽Σղս϶ɡ
һΣգſ϶Ǹ¾ֹģȻҲܴˡ
ˣĺȻľÿаħˮ֮⣬룬ųϸʱ䣬ҲЩ׼ƩٶεԪȣҪ׼һЩԷһϾһ֪ǰϹżС
ã죬Ǳ׼󣬳㳡ٻᡣ
ãٻᣡ
˼ѱϣǰȥŷеҩ䷻ȣһЩħƿεԪȡ
У䷻У⹺һα飬баʾ֮ЧаؾУҪǧǮԥؽʱ֮衣
ưҲҩУؼа˵ӵֹһЩħаյЧԺܺõĿħ֣òơ
ٸԹһЩħգֿħƷһ±رҩȱ֮󣬱㼴ŷ֮ǰٴθԷֿصԼɽ壬׼

ҹ
塣
ңĬĬ
ͬʱһҲһ߳˼
ĿǰѧʮüмþޣķΪƷϽףȻľΪƷףӡ
Ҫаؿջ񣬽ʱ䣬̰ѾˣԼߵĳȴջ񲻷ơ
һʮᣬԼӵҲ𵽲˼á
Ʃ硭
Ȼ䣬һţ˫ϥ֮ϣһżԵͼ
ݵͼսʱڻ¹򵽵Ƿ·ͼԼԽܣо󲿷ݻʩĽܡ
Ŀ
ڵСĶɽص㣬ŵӣȻ٣Ҳص㡣
һǡǺһǡƷ塱
Ǻһƽ羵ܵƿտ˵ΪʺƷشһ֮ϣˣȴΪʺϵķ
ȥǺȥƷ壬ķ
ڶһ磬Ǻ
˴ΪʵҲһ޴ĺװӣ󽫸ط󲿷ˮɣΨ˴ȴһΪճãҲΪ֮á
Ǻƽ羵ӭҡҷСݣ֫ʱһλӣ̤ˮӭ磬
ҲԱߵĲݵ֮ϣŲתһ۳֣ѹСݲסͷ棬ÿһˣٶȾԿþˡ
ûйǣԹһƫƧ䣬ӡ
ġӡƷףȻЩܱͨȣһʼû˷֣ܿۼ⿴̲סǲǰʮӰ֡𣿡
벻ĲҲ֮죿
ʧ
ƺʮּ򵥣ϸᷢ翣̬鶯ŲĪ⣬ʱ󻹻Ӱ·
˲δδţֻֻڵϲпܳ֡
ƽûڵӳ֣Щڵӣһɵۡ
ʱ
أһƬ֮ƺһƬˮһƬɽɫܻΪһ壬ٶԸ죬Ʈˣתƺԭһȴƺĳһ˿ͬ
ʱ֮Ԫľת뿪ص壬Ϣ
ڶ峿ת֮һƧƫԶ߸ߴɫɽ弲۶ȥ
Ƭ֮һʮָߴɫɽǰ
ɽ߲ƣɫ滷ƣֻǸոտоһŨ
ȻʥأҲκһӶȥģԽϣѹԽǿ󲿷ݵӣֹֻķ֮һλá
Ƚǿĵӣܴﵽɽݣǰʮǰʮķ֮λãҲϵɽ
ֻڵһڶλ벽Ԫĵӣлϵ÷嶥ɡ
˵ɽµѹҲɽµֻлԪӣ㣬ͨӣֱӱѹ
һ·УԽӣգķ֮λãȻҲ޷ǰֻһƫƧıܷ֮أĬĬ£תȻķܵ
أһ֮ܵһУƺӳУǺȻľġ֣ң
һɹϢ֮תȻٶԶˣǣһööСԪٶȣǱڻʱϽһ
ʱ֣˴绷ƣʺ󲿷ݵѾǰ뿪ۿɫһ۾Ҳ׼ȥ
ڴʱȻɫһͷȥ㿴һλˣŲأ·𱻷һ㣬գһյʱ֣˾Ʒķ嶥
˵ӰƺЩįվ޾绷Ƶɽ˫֣ԶããƺԴ裬ڳ˼廳
ϣо˿תĺۼȻȻվ޾𣬱˫֣ļܿӱȥһɽء
ء
ܵԽԽˣͷɢңͷҲһ󷢺֪ԼҲֲסˣֻɽ
ɽ;Уһͷȴ֣ǸˣǺ޸Ӧƺվɽңϼͬһʯ
ɽʱһͷȴȻһղŻڵˣȴȻˣͬϢͻȻʧһ㡣
ص壬һϣȴȥôҲ˯ţУλ˵Ӱ
ڶȥƷ壬ȴδλ˵ӰɽտҲֻתɢ
ڴһ죬ֱٴδеӾȥûзλ˵Ӱ
ǣò뿪Ϊ磬Сȣһаؿˡ
СǰʮԴΪƾ衣


74 аʯ
ڶգ峿ڣ㳡
ʮˣվ³ǰ³ϼ״ĿʮϴҴһȦ漴һЦܺãȫ룬һ
أ죬׼ѾòˣϢҲϢˣʱ򣬽ⳡСˡ

ǡеӴӦһưֶһۣ漴ҲȺС
ʮ³ϵĴ£ĺɽӶȥ
ʱ֮ʮһŽһƬç嫣ĹŹɭ֣תԹ
գʮһһƬ£ӳʵʵܲɲĹʯǰ
ʯ֮ǰսӷεĺ彣վһһңǹҲʯ
³ǰ빧һ񣺡鳤ϣ
У
³ϵȻһֵ
ǡ
ûжʣһ࣬óɽ
³Ͻʮ˴Ѩǰ˼һۣص˴аؿˣ˳üһ룬κκҪԼе
ʮĿ⳯ȥȴȻһ紵ƮһɹϢɭʮͷĪһ
ô˳˵ǲͨŵӣǣɽҲ;ˡ
ʮ㣬ش״³һЦܺãǽȥɣʱΪ죬󣬲ܽΣڴ˼ϡ
ߣ
ʮ룬ԡϽ컪ΪףʹָڣҲǰ棬Ͼ졣
ʮСУܽڰһɭаĸоȻͷðǲɵý£һ
ÿһˣǻԪᣬᵽɤۡ
ʹԴҲ֪⴦֪ԶôԶϹؾ϶Īգûô̽ġ
ˣҲû˻
Ѩ֮УֲָҲ˽ԲǷˣԪ˫ۣһ֮ڵľ
ܵʯϣʱһֵħ࣬ʻ࣬Ѫ죬Ϣɭ񲻰
ǿ¶УȻʱʯף֪㡣
һޣȴǿޱȵɽ֮У죬ͷ΢ð
һʱ֮ʮǰڡ
ɻ䣬ʹָڣԥһȥǻֵߣ
һԥ뵽˵أҲͲ֣ȥ
Ⱥ֮ư֣۶һۣн֣ʹָڣһ˵أȻһ˷ܵĸо۾ںڰ⡣
Ҳûеƣʱ䣬漴ڣĴ£˹һƫƧ
Ƭ̣ʮǰһڴԽ⴦խһĵ¹㳡
㳡ԲΣǧϰٿɫʯݳһ̨״̨룬Զһֻ״֣ţʯ
ʯѰСߴɣɢɭɲϢ۾棬Ѫۡ
䣡
ȺУΨһŮԣԭ壬ҡݷݷٵĪĽ˽˿һЩЩµص
ֹҲоˡ
˵£ƺ棬쳣ɭ䣬Ҳͨ䣬ֱ˹а䣬ѷ˲һ䡣
ֻںȻҲһ˿ĸо
ǿѹ궯ܣȴ㳡ģЩѳɼ̨ʯ飬һԳɫͨʯҹ£ɢĵĺâͬһֻֻ۾
ǹޣӴ󵽿ɲƺǴӼ̨洫
ȻľļȻӦֻҲͬĸо
а죡
ʮУġȭũ૵صɫУҲԴһ˿ɫ䱸
ȻʹֻУҲеһʡ
Ǻǣа죬ôܷƷ׵ҵа޵̨ϷֵģⱾ̨֮ϣƷƺǰȡˡ
Ҹо»пռ䣬ǣȴûҵĵ·ֻη
ʹָڣ˵
Ҳǡ
˲ɵͷָ֡ԶؿһۣĮµĻǲҪȥˣﾯɣȻȥҲȥˣֿѰûʲô֡
á
ʮ˷ֳӣһѰϽ컪͡ʹָڣʯ̨һ߲鿴һҲ׼ʱӦ
ưһ߷ȥһߣ˷֣¶ʯҲ֪Ǻ
⣬͵ģܷ賤õô˴ѨԵһЩɭʪ䣬ƺˮȪ
һȦ˲κη֣ͻȻɽ£һϲĻҵˣ
ưӦȥʮУһһһֱͨڶ׳֮ϻУذ֮£һʯ
룡
ʮûԥͬʱһʱУϾһͱڣƷҲ类ߡ
ԣû˷ֵĵڶ㣬пܲбĵص㡣


75 ʧԪ˼
Ծʯ߷ХĴһƬڰʲôҲ塣
ֻƾо֮أᵽɤۡ
ڴʱȻһ̹ȴʮУһԻͳһȭͷСҹ顣
ҹںڰɢĵ̹⣬ⷽԲ֮أڿԱߵľԼŵص㡣
ৡৡৡ
ʮһһأ΢ưֿһЩһۣԿ˶Էеء
Ϊڸղһ˲䣬ǿˣԱߵʯϣһЩʮֹϵıڻ۴ģаֲ
Сġ
Ҳǡ
Ȼ䣬һ󡰺¡֮ͷɸ߾ʯЩʯһ״ͬսٸÿһϢʮ־ˡ
벽Ԫսٸã
˵һ۽Ǵʧɫ׷ӿһξ롣
Ȼһֶ֮˶ԷеΡ
ֻͷһѨ治֪ԶͨȻԶݳ
⣬ǰΪΪսˣֱˣҲûȥˡ
ƴˣ
˶һۣ˶ԷеȻ֮ɫ漴ʮ˲˷һϡ
ÿһˣһͷʯٸսһ
顢顢顭
һ£УʮˣʵͬƻýȻָÿһʮ־ˡ
ͬΪ벽ԪսٸʱһЩ˵ʵȴ·ӳվǰ˺֣һ¶
󽣷
͡
УΪ۵ģˣֱǣһϽ컪ڶָ֡ԶԼȭũס
컪ûгָʹһʮĽ
⽣·ƴ񱼣ÿһʯٸϱۡ
Ľȥһͷ벽ԪսٸķѣԭֻһʯԼһöССĴָ͸Բ顣
ڶͬ
ָ֡ԶʹõĹΪַ֡Ӱȴһƻľʯٸϣľʯٸ͵һ
κͬžһԵǾ߰벽Ԫʯٸͬķѣ͵ɢԭһöСС͸Բ顣
˽˲ָԳһʯٸͬȾʯٸǰȻֽûʲôֱ
ȭ
һ·ײƵȭͷɽȭӰصһͷʯٸ
ЩʯٸһȻһ㵭ɫı˪Ƭ̺ٶԽԽ
ٹƬ̣ЩʯٸȫӲԭأãȭũһȭһȫ飬ɱٶȾȻ֮Ͻ컪ָ֡͡Զһ֡
˲ڹʯٸͬʱҲĴ۲ֵʵ״ǲа
ǰȻ鴫
ˣȻҲʮǿ󣬵ȴҪһ
ĵġָףʹľĳָ
ÿһָжһϸֱָۣӻһʯٸжһ
ָһʯٸͱȫ֮ϣ͸ףʧȥЧãΪһʯ
ˡҡݷݷ٣һһˡ·ˮɱƵöͷΧһʯٸΧ
˲Ƭ̣ʯٸͱֱӹΪ촷ۣ֮ϣȴһ˿˺ۡ
˹¡
ˣϳӡһǧ򻯡
ûʹһ׿µĽÿһȥһʯٸͷ·𱻿µУһԡ
ʮйʯٸ顱Ȼһ׹أҷ
ˣ˳֮ΪӰ֣ΣȻҲ⡣
ֻƻû绨ˣȻȴɱ
ÿһ߿ʯٸȱɫ˪סֱһööҶаΧ󣬱һָɱ
ڰˣԶͫư֣ûʹðΪȵطЧ
ҲûöΪʯٸûʲôֻҪӰ쵽ĺģٸưܣҲ赲ʵķӡ
ԣֱӿˡԶͫһƬ̹£ͷʯٸһ类ơ
Ƭ̺һʯٸױѾĪ飬ȴûܵκĺۼʮֹ졣
ھţʮ
ھ˾ԭڵߣʹָڣһΣûĳʹֱָƷ׹аޡ
Ѿ¶ǰҲܵ˳ͷиǿĹΪʲôã˷
ֻſһһɫסһʯٸƬ̣Ǿʯٸ·Ȼˣ˿оĺۼ
ȻѾΪһߣֻҪĿ꣬й˵ĵزˡ
һĻ˶Ծ뵽Ʒ׹ʯлãҲͲˡ
ʮ
ף
Ȼ䣬˶סˡ
Ϊսͻһʱңղ˶ûע⵽ʱһһ۲ȴ֣ʮУȻֻоڴս
ǵʮˣǸعİٻͼԪ˼ȻĪʧˡ
ǸûˣȴͻȻĪʧˣ
һƬڰֻôһͨΪϢʧ
ѵаʯУʲôɣħѾϢʮһץȥ
ͷɶһĪһɭɭĺ⣬䡣


76 ʧһ
ֵ֮࣬Ҳûš
Լʱ֮ڽӿʯٸȫԭ½ٿһС͸Բ飬˰ɱԵȷ䡣
ʯٸһپң˻ɱһ
컪ָԶũˣȻ࣬ɱ˶ʮңһʮߣռһ뻹ࡣ
ˣֻռһС룬ÿ˻ɱ߾ңж٣
Уֵйоأһɱͷ࣬Ҳ٣Уۡ
ڵϵµ߿͸Բ飬䲻֪ôһ˶һһҲûз£Ž֮С
ҪҪǰ
˶һۣãһ˿ЦţȻ죬ҲֻӲͷƤǰˡ
Ҳǡ
һͷϢһ󣬴ָԪ֮󣬱㼴ٴСǰȥ
һΣÿ˵ɫɶԵ࣬ٱι۹̬˭֮ǰࡣ
˭Ҳ֪һΣʲôʱ˭Ҳ֪»᲻ٹʧ
УֻоŸĽŲ죬Ȼ䣬оӰһһϮ
תͷһһ£ٵʥٷӣǰ壬ҲʮΨһһŮӣҡݷݷ
ֻЦЦص벻ҲǰʮȺУ⣬ݷݷӦģݷݷǷһŶҪʱᡣ
˵꣬ȻһЦ˿
΢΢һ㶣漴û⣬ͷǰȥ
Աߣưһֱ࣬һĻһЦףӦð㳤ҲӢ̸ҲȤôݷݷŮר죬ȴң
̧ͷޱؿ˶ԷһۣƷɡ
ưһʱ㵣ͷҴԼһȦ漴ȻѵƷ⣬Ʒֵôô
̧ͷһѾԶʱһιȵңȵҰ
ûߵøˣһˣڣмһڣ׳գ
һ亹ưֶͷ£ٲҶ໰׷ȥ

ȺУָ֡ԶȻũףбۿͼݷݷһۣũ֣λƺǸߵúܽ
ũĿбӣԸ˵Ҳ˵һ仰ѣкο顣
ǺǣҾ΢һ䣬ôȻũֵ顭
ָ֡ԶζЦһ䣬û˵첽ǰԶˡ
ũ׻ͷһۣ漴ִǰġָ֡ԶȥıӰһۣ۾΢Уû˵
ƽһǫͣ˫УȴһĨȻ

ž֮У֪䳤ɫҹ飬Բ֮أǰ󷽣һƬڰ
һĽźѹּžѹȶ
ͷٿͷҶˣ
Ҳǰ»ãһֱȥҶ֪⵽˶ãʲôʱǸͷĻţµġ
˶Ĭ˭Ҳû˵
ȻУöα鼱Ԥеԣһȣãҿˣ
䣬͡
ɫǽŵףͷʯңǰ󣬷ٳӶ·һɫߡ
ЩɫһӲˣ֮ϣֱ̣һ
ͻ˶ûзӦαʾˣһֲ
žžž
˱ýʵʵҺãȺУ㲻и֡
߽ʽޣ
컪ڳ齣һɫ⣬·ӺڰͻȻһ˲䣬Χȫͬһʱķѣס˵ҲѴƬ
ָ֡Զͬһߺȣҷ磡
ֻȻһ׵⣬׵ɻȻвסһơ
󣬻ʢ׵ңͬһʱһԣȻýڣðһ֬ζҷ
磡
ڡȭũףΧȻһ͸֣Щɫܵ⡣
͸ֲϹѣⲻϮͬʱȭũҲѾȭ
ȭӰµķ籩Ǻȭе߾ʽ֮һ籩
пΧȫڵһʱ佩Ӳѣٴķѣɢ
˵ˣȻһʱֲҲڼʱӦ׷׳֣ʹֶΣԼǰ
Ȼȴ޾ԽԽ࣬Ͻ컪ۼѹԽԽ󣬼ʹȫ֣ҲԿƺ޾
ĿһתȻһߺȣȫ·ǰͻΧ

Ҳ֪ʱֻһ취Ȼ⣬˥ƣһ̣ʱֻеƳһģѪĽˡ
ߣ
˾ȫ⣬ȭ⣬ȹ⣬ָ⡭ɫĹɫһ
ΪˣˣٶЩˣƣһ̵֮ðѪһ
Ƭ֮ںǰģǺ֮ǰһģһĿտ㳡㳡ģԾһ̳
ڼ̳룬ȴʯ񣬶һߺ䣬·ӲһɭȻħ
ħͷֳֵۣǹꪣֲһıɢʮö֪ʲô޹ǵѩ׹Ƭ
Ƭ֮ϣһ϶µַɢһɹޣаĸо˭Ҳʲô
֮⣬ʮƬųһŵķƤ滭ֵͼƣƺݵ֣ǻħģ˸ʶá
ǶһۣЩʧòףðŲΣѵֻܵõЩƬƤ
˵֪ʲô֪кã
ʧʧʱǼƽЩʱ򣬾ûǾ͵Ϣ
ղһս쳣в㸲֮Σ˶ǾƵ
ãԴ󣬵²֪кεգȻԸ廹δָ״̬£ͿһȲͳаһһ£Ȼϥ
Ƭ֮󣬳ɫǱһ㣬ϻһѪۣ˵ҲָҪ߹ȥϷƷ
Ȼ䣬һżȻͷȻ۾ʹָڣأ
ҲɺȻͷȻͼȺУԭӦеľŵӰֻʣ˵
ԭӦǰԾʯȴƵġʹָڣȴҲȻԭġȸᵶԪ˼һʧˡ


77 ѪȺ
֣ʧһˡ
ѨУͬȻ磬ԭ˷ܵİˣоԼУָһЩ
һΣʹ֮һΪ򶨣ƽġϽ컪ָ֡ԶȭũˣҲɵɫ΢΢һˡ
˵֮ǰһˣûзΣȴʱйעһΣڣôʧأ
ڶˣǾȻһ֪עʧȴӰ١
ǰʲôˣ½Ǵߣһһ
棬ҪΪСģ۱šһ˼һˣʱ֤ԷԼߣһල۲죬һ⣬ʱͨ棬û⣿
֮ʱϽ컪ܿӿֻлعһ侲˵
һõİ취׷׵ͷ졣
һ˼ȫΪͬڣԾԼŹģԷδػᣬԶи֮ġ
Ȼһ£˶ףԼֻҪסһˣһԼߣôңҼ㣬֪
˶ȰѶˣȻѰһڡ
ȻܽΣҪѰȥġ˵ΣֻҪⶴѨм죬ûڷأſ϶ǲǿǰӦǵġʱ򣬲ܳʲô⣬ǿ߿ţǵ񣬾Ǽֳʱ䡣
ã
Сûзɽ䱸ǰȥ
ħԽԽ˵ҲԽԽ죬Ⱥ˷ܣֺţȻһ·ԤеΣȴûڷһƽ羵ʲôҲûС
գƽȵǾħ档
Щѩ׹ƬͷƤȷһ£ûҵƷʼ˼η䡣
һ£ƬһʮƬƤֻʮš
һʮƤԱȹƬһЩΪصģȻҲǶ䣬ôȹƬһЩ
գƽ֣һƤһƬƬʣƤƬƬ
һʣʮһ
öƬȸй׶ġϽ컪ָ֡Զȭũ׵ˣϾûǣֻûô˵ء⣬ûʣͷβ䣬ұ治˵п϶ץΣǰĺţƤĺţֻܹãùƬˡϤ춨޻ڣΣ
ã˷䣡
ˣȫͬ⣬Ͼʵ֣ǿ϶òڣץǿδػˡ
Ͻ컪ָ֡Զȭũ˶һۣյҲûзԣ˵ͷã˰졣
Ȼʧһջ񣬲ƬƤͲ֪ǺõУصţҲδܼóΪھˡ
οǰѸһƬƬ˵ƤҲǾûлᣬȫƾѡ
գŪ˰˸ͬСֽȻֽϱϲͬĺ룬һšϽ컪ȳ飬죬ᶨԹˡ
һţţţĺţšܿ죬͵ưֵˣҲû⣬֣һ룬򿪡

һũףű컪ư֣ĺ
ףżݷݷߺž˺ָԶ

ˣ˻ʧ䣬ʵΨа˺ָԶе㲻ޣ˶˵ĽϣҲûе
գ۶ưֶƤһöƬ֮ϲˣջһҲһƤöƬ
ѰңһͨһδһҪСģһ£ӣ˺һţҶ׵İɣ
ס
䣬ѾɢѰһͨڡ
Ȼȭũ߽ѰҵļݷݷڵݷݷⶫҲûʲôãɡ
˵꣬һţоȻŷƤݸݷݷ
ũ磿
ݷݷüũӦ֮ݷݷ޹»գ²Ҫᡣ
˵꣬ߵһߣѰ
ũվԭأƤĿ˸һ£ջ̾һ𣬱Ӱįĳһȥ
ҵˣҵˣ
Ȼ䣬һ󻶺Ż֨֨ĻػУһڣǰ
һΣ֮Уðɭɭĺ⣬һѪȵϢ
ʵѪ
ɫͬʱһǶ֮ȥƬ̺ٴһ
ѪȵϢɴǰ
ߣ
˶һۣ˶ԷеĲȻûһμӣǰȥ
Ȼ䣬Ͻ컪УһУãҿˣ
ͬʱĺȻľˮĺ֮УҲһΣУͬѣμˡ
ɻ󲻽˲䣬һȺɫѪ죬˫ںڰĺͷÿһ߶ѩֻ׹ɭɭ
Щȶų򣬻糱·һŹѪ򣬳˼ӿÿһϣðһѪŰϢ
ãѪȺ



78 쳾֣Ϊ
ͬһʱ䣬ɫ䡣
ǽѪȺĴ
Ѫ𣬳һųªһĲ
Ȼÿһͷа벽ԪΪ
ôһȺֹ벽ԪֻͨԪǿ߽ȥֻһʬ޴³
ˣˣ
һˣˣȻ˵ٶȣôܿùӵ˫ĺ
һ˾ͱҧˣץˣ˿ڴ¶ɫѪж
ӵСӡƷԭ棬Ȼʵϵͣȴǰ棬ûˡ
ǡʹҲףȥʹȫûҲܵùȺٶȡ
Уƴˣ
תȻ˫ȻĳһööķҶ䣬ΣЩһŵѪȥ
֨֨
ĳʱһֹвײУɲʱͷתĴҷȺһҡ
ûᣡ
˿˾ʱҲףȥ˱ɣЩ𣬾аˡ
ƴһƴ˵Ļᡣ
컪
һȣϽ컪ȳ֮ϣðһââ֮пĺȫһ룬ڷ
ǽһâ
ͬΪ벽ԪЩϾѪֻ֮ҪһĽâմˣ֮ǰЩӵмӲǵʯٸܱȡ
׵籩
һȣָ֡Զͬ˫УһϽӵ׹⣬۳򣬶¡һŶĺȺȥ
飡
һ죬ٽֻһûڣҷɣͷð̣Ҳٳʮͷڷ·һ䡣
ʯȭ
ȭũһβʹúȭʹóһ״δĹʯȭ
ȭһʹãʯʯ꣬ȥͬһȺԺˣֹסǵĹơ
ư˺벽˫һȣԶͫ
ĻĶͷʱٴοѣ¶һֻɫۣУ̹⣬·˿һ㣬Щĺȥ
кʱһӲԭأȻ·һ㣬׷׻Ϊ䡣
֮ʽǻ㣡
ûüЩֹסƣңĿһתɫȻֱ˫ۣ˫һʮָ㡣
ۣ
·籬ƣһٸֵĿ˫ʮָһĺâҡҡҷҷǡ
Щâڵ֮УųĹԣٺѤеĺһʱѪ֮£׷ױյʶһƬƬĵ䡣
ˮǧ
ҡݷݷһȫ¶Լٵѧֻ˫һһ·ˮһȥ֮кҡҡλΣ׷׹أòס
ˣҲ
ָףϳӡͬԥԼǿʽ
ָ׵ָ쳣ǿ󣬶Ϣһֻֻ˹òҵĺָ˲Ӧ
һȺӦΣָٱ䣬һָ̣âգб鲼ָâ꣬͵
ͨͨ
һֻֻԴϳһССѪڷ׷׵ڵء
ϳӡڴһĵĹڸϡҡݷݷһ࣬Ϊװλ
ɫ·ɫˣϯЩܵ˹ѾβȣѾ˵ĺ𣬷׷ҡҡλΣ˼Ϣʱ䣬׹䡣
ʹҲð̣Եùɲ
ֶ֮ߣȻɲ
֮£ȺȻڶ࣬˵Ķ֣Ƭʱ䣬һѾ㵡
Ȼģȴ쳣ִƺͨ
ȻۣۡһֽУȻֿ¶һͷʮ־޴Сľͺ
ڶϿգһ˫ʮֱ۾ظİˡ
Ȼ䣬ſڣ¶һʮּ޳³һŹâĿĺ
ŹâĿĺڰвסתȻЩѾĺѪ
Ƭ̼䣬ֻڶϿյľͺͼͬʮ»̥ϵϢԽԽǿɲ
ãһͷлԪڵʵӣͻƣ׻Ԫڣʱʹǰ֣ҲĶ֡
ҪҴˣ֪ǶоδٲʹãǶҪ
Ͻ컪ּɫԥϽ·ǹ⣬꣬һֲĽֱӳ崩ʯ֮ͷͺ𼲳ȥ

ǿ˶Էеľȣ˭ҲûϵΪڵһ˵ġϽ컪ȻѾǿȵز
âģǣֻۣ˽Ķ⽣Ųѧᡣ
˽ţͰٲһ֮ǰ컪ʹóâ˻γԾ
ֱʱֱͻ˽âƿţ˲ڸоڵһ鴫ֻ¾ͨڵӣĵ֡
ˣʱҲ˺ʤ֮ģͬʱף̣ȷݿ̻
ָ֡Զȭũ׵ȣ׷ʹԼС
һ֮Ҳԥһ֣ͽ֮ǰԼ׼СǰʮսУʹó̻ú쳾ѡ˳
̻ú쳾ѡһ֣УʱͬתһϺˮ⣬ԣӳյüϡ
ڿڣաмþһϵ߸ӵ
ΪΣ
һĽɫȦͷ͵ĺ³֣Χ棬


79 ħͭ
˶ΪԾ
ȫУֻмݷݷӣȻʱ⴫ĵȴӺζ
ݷݷһֱΪעưһֱվߣ˶ǵһʱ俴Ҳǵһ¶ȵġ
ǿѣӽҡþ
ǿµǸɫȦеĿɿڴѣǣǳټĻ
ϳˣ̻ú쳾Ϊ
ϾòӣǷ£ɽˮֻԾһȺˡ
ݷݷĿ⣬ȤˣˣҲ¶Ծȣ죬𺶣Ŀ⡣
ȻȺУϽ컪ȴǵһ۾һ¶ϲɫ
ûᣡ
һȣС齣΢нָͬϿվ£ȦűȦ룬ռԽԽСĺȥ
ۡۡۡ
ʮ죬Ѫɡ
УͷȻҪƹȦȴδʱ컪Ľѵ
ʱ˼ϸխĽۣë׷ɣһأѪ졣
۾˲ŵµˣĿ¶׹⡣

ſ³ȺĿԲ
ã
һʱ󾪣оһǿϢѪϢֱѹһʱж
ֺʮֵ
ָԶһΣͫ΢ȫ£žһɵѪΧ
˫ֶȻóͬһȥĿǰͷ³ĳԲ
ֺʮֵһ죬Ϊֺ죬һƷϽ׹
˭ҲûԤϵָ֡ԶƷȻһŸ߽׵ҽ˵뵽һ֮С
ƻʹһǿֲĵ
¶мЦݡ
ͣ͡
ĳ쵶⣬δ㼴ɢ·ȻڣԲŸΪֲٶȣҶ¡
ƶܣ
ָ֡Զڲ¶ɫξˣܹһͬʱ֮ϣѸٸһɫܲ㣬һ޴󾧶ܣֵͷϿա
Ȼһ̣飡һ졣
Բݺݵƶ֮ϣƶܵһʱķѣָ֡Զ³һѪμˣɫǱò԰ѩ
ˣԲٴ£𡰺ֱĿڶȥ
ֹ
Ƶһʱ󾪣
˭ҲûԤϵͷѾΧ컪شĺһȻǿ˵ز
ָԶƷϽ׹ЧãҾķƶܣҲδֹ֡
һѩ
ݷݷٱ䣬ѩͬƬ֮Ϸɳ£ֱǳԲȥ
罣裡
컪ʤʵ齣һܵĽĻΪһƬ׹⣬赲ڳԲǰ
˵ĹҲ֮ˡ
Ȼ
ľȻͷֱһĻˡ
˵Ĺֽͬһ㣬ǿÿɲĳԲǰѴ֮㱻ơ
һƣָԶ־ͷֻü΢΢һΣÿͬʱŬۣȥ
ۣ
һѪһϱ۸߸߷𣬶Ȼ£ָԶɫ԰ףԶԶɿȥ
һʵߵ֮һָ֡ԶѶȥһۣʧȥս

֮ǰһֱ˳˳ˮȻҲѹأͬЭǺܿ쿸ʧˣ˶ûܵˡ
û뵽һ㣬ͳ˴ıʡ
ȭũͷ޷ңüë罣һ𣬲ˣ̤ǰ߸߹𣬡顱һȭ
ȭ˲ɫͬһȭͷ֮ϣ֮վԿѡ
ûǳԲȴͷ³Բ֮ȴԵЩήҲĺϡ
飬飬飡
죬ȭѩףֱֱػǺ˵ĸѪʱ
ܴԭΧںĵԲȦȻķѣǵ˼ޣܴ˷ۡһ³һѪμˡ
ˣ
ָ롰ϳӡһۣ˶ԷеľϲȻ
ָԻͳһ쵤ƿִ򿪣һöֱֵС
ʣһöԶԶһף͵ˡϳӡǰ
̷µҩ֮󣬻ϢǣʮָԼâͬһʱݺݶͷ˫
лᣡ
ưҲȻӦ˹Է³ĳԲӦڵڵǿȴܴˣûֱѹһе
ɱ
ưȷѣԶͫһֱ̹аͷۡ
۾һǿƣƻָһָ̻ú쳾ѵѶˣͬһֱӴкһֻۡ
ʱڰмҷ˫ˣϢǲȣȦ⣬ȴԵ÷ӻҡ
ʱҡݷݷһֱɱڵ
ߺ羭죡
ָ⣬ߵƹⲻ˸û뻳й֮ϣÿһңͬʱһĻƹ⡣
ƹ磬ٵû뵽˰УͷĿڡ
ʮټܴ֧ţ࿴ХСǰֵ
Ȼ˻ᣬǧѷ꣬οܹ
Ƭ֮󣬡Ͻ컪׼ᣬһɫžǣһͷʱһ룬Ѫ죬ɶ¡
ҽȻֹ
ͷΪӽԪڵ۷˵Χ¡
Ѫʧȥ˵֧ţâΪһЩɫԲ򣬵ڵ棬˼㼴
ʱ󾪣ɢӣ˽β׷ɱһݣʵԶĲ£ֵ壬˻صԭȻɱĵص㡣
ԭأֻһĺʬ壬ԼӵѪʾһսĲҡ
ڸоصаؿߣôôˡ
⻹ֻǵ㣬棬ǲǻֱӳֻԪޣֲĶ
˶ǳĬ
򵥵Ϣһ£ߵͷֳʬǰ
ֻʱģʮңëڣЩ˪ĺۼ۶ϣǱ׺;ˣ˫ҲѾưֺϹ¶ȺҺ塣
ƽޣһǱȻѾȱȫҲ޿ͺε顣
˻йߵ飬䱦֫룬Է䣬ֻöΪ֮
޷󣬱гҲɱġϽ컪ߡ
ˣԷֵǧ׵㡣
Ȼ󣬵ƽƷҲֵһ๱׵ѣ׬ȻҲԿˡ
˶飬ˣܵˣǶȥһ۵ġָ֡Զǰȥ
һΣҲҴ⣬ڶľ㣬϶ûô򵥣ٻһ
Ȼ߹ã˸սһʯȻ䣬꣬鳯
׼ֽգһ֧֮⣬󲿷ˣȴǺˣ߹ʯ
һ͵һڶһĿտ㳡ֻ⴦㳡Ա㣬ӴһЩҲһЩ
ͬʱڷǰļ̳룬Ҳʯ񣬶Ǳһ߻ͭΪףֻʮ˺ϱľ޴ͭţħס
һ۾ȴŵģؿˣ߸ǣϣ̸ֱ졣
һ֮ϣȻһѪܣ˶Ϥޱȵʬףʮ֮һӣھšʹָڣ


80 СĻϣ
Ϥɫͫͬһʱ伱
Ȼһ˾쿴ҲһƬ½ǣƺǣƺǡԪ˼ġ
ԣ˼ȥȻתһߣһ߾ţˣѾ˺ϢӰȻɵڱĵ֮ϡ

ôģΪʲô
Ϊʲôͨͨȴû£Щûйǣֻǵˣȴһһˣ
˶һĬڣ߸߹֮ͭϵʬ壬Ԫ˼ԲѵӰ˼𾪣к䣬ҴԶһƬհס
ÿͷðһѵʣ˭Ҳ֪Ҫȥ˭
ô࣬ȰڣʬʱϽţȻû
ʮһġϽ컪ȷӦԸ
Ҳǣʮ֮һ£һţֻҪһɧ
һҲӿڵ
⣬ҲҪϽ취Ԫ˼ǵһʧٵģ֪һЩ飬ڣôġ
һ뵽һ㣬ڵ
ã
˷׷״Ӧ֪õĴ취˭Ҳҵ
󣬼˷ư֣ݷݷˣǰڣʬ׽£ƽڵء
Ϊ̽򣬼֮Ͽһ£Ȼ˴ڣ·ħȾ˶ԣֻ÷¡
￪ڵʲô
š
˶һۣԵ˵ͷûзԡ
Ȼʬе㲻ʱ˭Ҳ˲ôˡ
˴쳣ɭ䣬аǳҪɲö࣬˭Ҳƽײ
ԣΪ˲򣬼˶ܾ
Ƭ̺ʬһֻҳһţһöơ
ŲǱС֮ʹõƷ׹аޡ
ϵöƣȴɭа죬滭һźɫƱ棬ɭεġа񡱶֡
Ӧþڵһʱҵĳ⣬һصƷˡ
ֻǣĪöаϢֻΪʲô֮ȴĪ
ͷǲ⣬²⣬ֱԼƷͷһ⡣
ڣ˭ɱǹ
Ԫ˼ΪʲôԵصףѣ
ҡͷûд𰸣ֻôڣʬ壬ȥͱ컪һϡ
һߣȥԪ˼ı컪һˣҲ˰졣
ȻôڣԽ˼ѡ
ˣͬʮֿµξס˯֮У廹ڲ϶£ɫ԰ףƺμʲôʮֲõ顣
Ϣϸ˿ʱܶΣǶҽ֣޲ߡ
գ컪ʹԻóһöӵСİɫҩ飬ǿйԪ˼ĿС
һУΪҺԶ£Ԫ˼ȻûɫǺ࣬ϢҲȳࡣ
ʹʱѣǱסˡ
˶ɵһһۡ
Ͻ컪ΪԪǱȻ߼ٱֹĵҩר֮ãҲֻһöòײŴŷ򵽣ҲΪ֮áΣҲֻøˣһǲǿ߹ͬŵӣβܣǲõģ˵ȻˣҪһȣȻˣǻȥҲýҲѿ
˶˵ͷ˾컪ٹ׵㡣
ϾһöԪֵԹеʱ򣬾һ
ŷУֵҩҲʮټй׵㻹УҪԵ
ٹ׵Ȼ࣬ƽ֣ҲǧǿԲöԪʧˡ
Ȼ컪ȴʮּᶨľܾϾⲻ˵־Ըó
Σֻþзʲôöñ컪ѡ
⣬ֵԸߵģȸһݣһα컪ûоܾ
˿ʼǲӿڣԪ˼һбʣ֪ͨˣɢֿһ飬ĴѰ
һ飬Σգʱֿ⣬ӰȫԣҲлӣ˽̣Ե֮⡣
ȻƬ֮󣬼ȴֻʧ顣
ΪѰã˶ִ˵أûֻһЩǽǣּѪ쾧壬ʵʡ
ڣ˵ĵһӵеţ䱦ʲôģûп
˴л֮󣬾һ𣬰еѪ쾧弯һϸһЩѪ쾧壬дСеĻеͨ͸˵һʮö
󲿷˶ʶǣϽ컪ãȴһϼһЩħصأһѪķԪľʯ־ʯԪħ龫ѪɣħˣӵЧǣȴáȻ˵ãҲȥһŹ׵ôҲԻȡһЩ׵㡣ȻҲȥһЩĵºз۸ߣзա



81 СĻ£
ԣ˵ͷ
һţҪۼۣƽۼۻãһ룬ֵֶʮ֮һǲ
ϾħѪţҲûжá
ºǾͲͬˣʱǵȼۣʱΪҪ̨ܺߵļ۸
Ȼ۸ǸˣҲΣգΪħ֮һ֣ض˵죬ħᣬʮΣա
ǣôȫԼ־Լˡ
ˣڷ䣬ڴ֮ǾԼŰɡ
˵꣬컪ַȥ
ҵѪķԪһʮ˿š
ƽ֣˸ֵ߿ţڶţԼ͸˱컪
һΪԪʧҲΪ⼸ս֮Уǿ
ԶţҲӦ˭Ҳûж˵
һΣ컪ȻˣΪֶƣԼãһţҲһʲСĲƸ
֮˿ʼֽ̽ķ롣
ǼѰңĲ㣬ڴ˵ȴգȴǲǿ߹Ӧ
Ҿֱɣ
컪һˣʹüĿûȷ
ˣҲһɫ
ȻӰǽг̣
ȻȺУָ֡Զ˻Ǹ˳ȥˡ
˿ǲѪĶϱһۣһĬȻ֪Ϊλ
ȻһҲڵҲȥˣڶˣĲ㻹֪ʲôΣգֻ¾ܿ˵ġ֮·ȷҪǣ֪ҪǰȥôֻʧһˣĲȥֻ¡ֻ¡
һֻۣ֮Уһ˻ŻѾˡ
ԣǳĬ
Ȼһ˵ͷŵҪֻҪУûһҪȥֻ谴ռȶҪ̽аؿߣаʯҲ㹻ˡڽ飬ҪôţҪôȥҲȥˡ
֧֣
ͬ
һԣȫѰͨĲڴƱ
˶ףΣգĲ㣬ֻѨϵΣܽ˵ġ
˵ʲôҲԸˡ
˵ľˣ컪ҲûзԣͷͬǺãǾȴ죬󣬵ǲǿ߹Ӧ
ű컪䣬Ȼ䣬һߵ𣺡ˣ

ͷʯڶȻƿһ󶴣һλ׷ƮƮ³ϣһλϣ·ͷȻףͷѨѨ롣
ֱ䵽ߣĴһۣȻһĬ
ұߵ³ϵ벻Ҳ͹⴦ؾĿ£һ䣬һ˲Уһˣ֮ҲСǰǵıֶԻȥˣ̽
㣬һֱǣ
һȻһ˷ӦƵض³ϡ
³һ漴Ƿʵı飬ʱ׹һЦΪǷڣԪ˼ʧٲܣԲ˴һһ˻ԣ
˳ĬӵĿ⣬˵һС
³ϼ״ЦȣҪ˵㡣
һŲµӲԣûһֱǣǴ򿪵㶴ѨʱŸӦΣѨ
˵һֱǣȽؿ֮ʱұ߹ǣ֮ǡ
Ƕǩѵ֪ʲô
͵־ʮˣڻˣһҲֻˣпܾȻʣʲô
ھŻָܸʲô
ݵһЩؾʱʮٱʮУܴһˣǲȫûҲǳе¡
ССܲˣǻ׸ߵľ磬̽ǿؾǺǣֻЦɣ
ԣеһĬĵӣҲصͷ
ǰȻԼ֮ǰʱѾǩֶûľ
ֻΪʲô浱ʱַŭĸоأ
ܣҲǷŭǷŭŶԼӰɣ
ףŲǿܣǣȷȲ֪顣
³˽͵Ǿ绹ǳǿܸоǴ򿪵㶴ʱһǿҶµϢͻȻϣȻֻй¶һ˿Ѩϵǿߣеһ˿캶ҡ
ǿýģһĩսĿ¸о
˿ָоҲΣŲϧķԪֱƿ㶴ѨǴ
˴ӡǲǿأǵСȣѾ˳ɣǻȥȴԼŽһա
պгɣͻƵԪ۷壬Ѩʱٴ˵أ̽Ѱ˵ܵĻᡣ
ˣ׳ϣȴǻȥɣţһʱͨ
ǡ
ԣһߣһϴӦһӳһӣһѴסˣвЮڣʬ壬һһԹȥµԪ˼һݣֱӴƿĴԾ˶Ѩ
Ȼһʱ䣬ճѨϦԣԼԶߵľɫ˾һֻĸо
׳ϡƺҲ֪ǵĸоǴ֮ں󣬱㼴˷£лȥϢ죬ȡ
漴ЮڣʬͻԹȥԪ˼ҴҶȥԣҪȥű棬ԼôԪ˼ˡ
ںĽѾܲ˵ˡ
˶һۣԵ˵ͷ漴𣬸ȥصԼɽ壬һΪˣҲΪ΢ƽһԼġ
Ȼһգ˶羭һǰ
˶ףȻղ³û˵аؿУһĳشıʡ
ⳡʲôû֪
ΪⳡʣţҲвٸı䡣

תۣպ
һλصڹ㳡
һΣΪйаؿߵͨ԰֮䣬ûô֣Դһ𣬻̸ཻ
˴Ԫ˼Ļָ̣Լаؿ֮ʱȴ֣ʹϢΪͨı컪ָԶˣҲ֪ꡣ
˵һ㣬˵ź񻨷˲ҩڽԪ˼Ȼ
ֻǱȻȴһ֪һ׳գʲôҲ֪
Σֻ÷·ȫ̽аؿߡ
ǣ˶û뵽鷢ˣ̽塢ʱλѨĳϣ𶯣ʱǴаؿ߷ӡʱѨϳſأ˭Ҳܿ
գ½֮ģҲֻΪһʣǵĿпͷ


弯 ǱԨ


82 ԪѨ
ȥתһº󣬵оСѾȥܾˡ
һƫƧȵء
˴ȻشףǸܵı仯Ĵʻŭţ̺죬һȻ
飬飬飡
һ껨ȭ
ÿһȭܵĿ·һ㣬һܡ
ĲԽԽǿԽԽԣգֳһʵε󣬰ŭХצ
ৡ
Ȼ䣬ǣӣᣬɵɽֱ
˵ʱʱ죬Ȼ䣬ת·ϣֱӭϣžžž
аײ֮ϣδ˺ֺ㼴ڵأһ졣
Զư֣ӭƴЦƷн׷ԪԽˡ
ڣ˹ֱȥķ򣬿ûֺ
Ҳ΢ЦˣҲ
ư֣ӶһۣҲ¶ɫ
һУŬͬչơ
һǰСȽ
Ϊ˴ʮ֮һʹָڣȸᵶԪ˼Բѣ֮Ҳͬһ׳ա
˴˴ʮ˳һССı仯
ԭһû䣬ǡϽ컪
ĵλ˿ԺҴ˴аؾУʵãԣõһµϿɣܼû顣
õŽСɽԼСѪ֮ѾڰǰڡƷ嶥ɹͻƣԪΪʵڵӡ
ڶȴһЩ仯
ԭڶָ֡ԶΪˣȥһۣս
գһ·»Ȼǰʮȴǰǰ壬еߡ
ڶǺͱ컪һȻûôۣʵͬһȵġũףԭ
ȴԭĵġָףˡҡݷݷ
һս֮ո¶ͷǣʵ֮ߣ֮ǿ˾̾
ΪʥٷٵԹȺսԵһСˣڵģ壬ǡָףϳӡ˳ӡ
Ӱ֡
Ϊһˣεıֳ˵֮⡣
ζԤңʵͬڳͬ
ڼսУãѷɫڱ컪й֮
Ϊ̫ͣʵڸŲ̫ãȻһеѾʮˡ
ڶֱǡСѪһţƷϽķⶴһ
ũû޸ģݷݷΪٵʺϴķţһ֡ǧˮͬλƷϽףֻǱⶴѷһȴΪʺٵ
зӵĹãҲԶⶴ׬ǿ˵
⣬˵ũ׵õǿСѪ֮Ҳ׼չأ׼ͻƻԪˡ
ڡҡݷݷԭֻʮ߶ΣԪǻһβ̵ľ롣
ţֻҪͻƵʮ۷壬벽ԪˡСѪͻƵļƽ˵һ
ģ壬ף
˵ĽֱǣԪƿϸһöԼǰѡһƷн׵Ļᡣ
ԪʱԪٶȵĵҩʮȻСѪҲҪϰٹ׵һţмС
ƽ᲻ãֻáСԪЧѷɫʮֹ
ƿԪŲ㣬ڸУԼʮ㣬⻯ˡ
ȵͻƻԪٷҶʱʵ졣
һ¹ȥѾ½һƿԪңʵӽŲ㣬Ͳһƿ
ϸΪһһԿԻظһԪȫԪĵҩ
ĵҩûж٣ƽûеģΪСȽóҲֻţһһš
ɼⳡСϣȷѪ
Ϊҩʹõģû֮Ĳغã봢֮С
һǰѡһƷн׵
ԥѡ˷
ҲġԪ
ĿǰĶ̰壬ҲΪȱʧ֮ԣλᣬȻŹ
ڣˡԪѾȫͺͺĴķˡ
Ҳܵһ
֮⣬λᣬУѡһƷϽ׹
ǰΪŵֻʸ񾺻Ʒ½ףƷнҵţ˸õġ
ǧ׬Ĺ׵㣬ɲЩ棬ڣڵӣȨޣУһƷϽ׵
˷ĹͬҲԼĿǰ̰֮һ
Ʒ½׵ͬûУֻչʹָڣʱԷЦݣԼڷӰϣһۼû£ʱһǿĹжҪ
ԣһΣԼõй׵㣬ȫóУһһƷϽ׹Ѩ֡
ǱȡԪΪӣҪһš
ߣڰˣֱԭڵڶָ֡ԶԼڵڰˣԶͫư֡
ָԶȻȥһۣʵԲܱͨȵùģǰʮΣΰռֻβۡ
ư֣Ȼ½ӣֲͬʵۡ
ڰˣһͬʵ顣
ɱڵʮһʮεݲֱǡʥ֡ҫƾǻ
ǵĽͲʲôˣֱǵǮһŹ׵ǧԼƷн׹һ
ʹư֣Ҳû̫Уѡһšơһ󣬱㼴û̫ϡ
һ֮Уδ֮ĬĬǱĿޣΪǶоˣԼ˵Ĳࡣ
Լź󣬷ֵ֮


83 Ź
֮Уӹ
ڣڣ塣
Уֶַס
ͨڵӣӢڵӡ
ͨڵӣҲŵӣһΪ˲㣬λϵͣͨ
Ӣڵӣ༴ʮӰеΪһڰʮ۷壬벽Ԫλϸߣ
ڣҲֽʽ
һͻƵԪȻ
С֮УһˣΪǰʮν
Ҳ˵ڵУÿһǻԪΪԶлԪϵս
ڵУҲָߵͣײ㡣
ڵӣһͨڵӣԼڵӰΡ
ڵӰϵ󻮷֣˵ڵӰ֮ͨˡ
磬еλǽȻͬġ
ԪԪڣΪͨڵӡ
ԪԪ۷壬벽ѨΪڵӰǰʮǿ
Ͻ컪֮м޵еĴڡ
ڣֱȻӣ˿ԣһ˴ѹ裬ڷܣȲСѪͻƵԪ
ΪԪһޣûͻڵӰڵӣ˿ܵѹġ
ֻеɹͻƵԪ֮Уǵĳϡ
΢һһλҲҪԪڣϲС
ưֵˣȻɹڣߵָָ㣬ƲʲôȨò
⣬ǵֿ
ΪڱУڵӰģųԼͻƣҲҪͨڵӰ롣
ʹŲڻԪΪӵսҲУ磬һ蹵ڵֿ
ڵָ
УԵģ֡
һصصʹȨ
ǿ߲ʱָ㣬̵
ڶ㣬˻ûʱᡣ
͵һ㣬ŭ
ڵӣ֮һǡǺһǡƷ塱
ڵӸ֮࣬ãģ
ֱǡĶɽ͡
УĶֻڵӰϵܹ룬ɽףֻлԪϵǿߣܹ롣
ΨСųƶеӿţȥˣʵȫôһ¡
ĹأȷǶڵӿţǣһ죬ȴֻʮ
ڵô࣬һԪϵӣֻ
Ԫ¡
ĴȥŶӶûݣֱӱŭԡ
Ϊ⣬ǧԼ׳ɵĹء
ȥΣ˽֪Ҳ򲻹֮£ֻ

˱Լÿն飬ιУٽ
ư֣ӣΪιУҲΪιС
ʹðķšԪưֵճ֮һ
ۼڽŹ¯֮ư֣ӶһۣһЦҲû谭ȥԱߣԼĹ
ưģΪŹǡһԼеĹ׵㣬һİַ
Űַʮǿ󣬽ŹǣһʹѶܣƷϽס
ϴǸ༶๱׵ȫư֣ټµܺͣȻһ
ŽһƷн׹˲Уһµʱ䣬ȫ񣬶šŹǡİַ֮ϣ١
ৡ
ֻһ䣬·̰Щȴǰкңпнܣм·Ȼγһơ
Ź
Ƭ̺󣬶һ÷㱻ǧٿףģ
Աߣͳӿþǲɴһ䣬ЩԼϣʲôЧ
ġԪʱưûʹáŹǡȻţʹֿܵסҲֵˡ
ǿҲûãΪưֵĹ̫ˣҲƣ֣ʤ
רƵģǷ
һ㣬Ҳ޿κΣǣȥһһŷȫĵ
ֵƷ̫ߣԹ׵Ҫͬԡ
ңԪҲܱͨȣ˵ûй׵㣬һˣܣҲỨô๱׵ȥһ
Ϊֵá
ڵԪάԪãְܼʱάȫֻһӶֲס
ʱñ˴ֱ䡣
Ա߿һ֮ҲĽи˵ɫи˵ǿ
磬ưóԼҲó
Լ鲻׼Լôİʲôأ
̣֮֮ӦģĽưֵİַһ⣬ȥתѧ
ûԥתһߣִһȭ
ֻ˫Ѹٱ񣬼һȭһȭҵĻ
ȭƸͣҲʱȻһ壬ԱߵһʯΪ롣
ǣ仨꣬һƬͷףɷͱɢ
ǡѨָָ֣֣֡Եʹã޼᲻ߡ
ʵŹǿ󣬻ڡ֡ϣڡѨ
ƣ
Ȼ䣬һԾһϻļ䣬һһ¶
ž
ľͬбƣȻըѣҶ׷ɣһʱ
ư֣ҲѣͣЦÿζŪô󶯾ò˺úˣ
ˣֺˣ
һۣ
̧ͷһɫҲǣǾ͸ԷֿɣҪҪȥС¥һ
á
ҡҡͷȻɣ룬ȥһ
ȥ
˴ʣư֣Ȼ䣬һ̧ͷס۾ͬһӡ
ȷص˵ͷûһȥһ
һΣҾǰ߳
ȻУŲɵš
Ų㣬ҲҪͻˣսõļء
ǣΪͻƵĶɣ
У૵ص
ưֳһ£Ȼãһȥתͷӣ֣Լڣʱȥˣڣǣʱ򲻹ʲôݽȥģһһλá
á
ӺԥͷӦ־Ȼ
ſڣҪ˵ʲôȴֹסյͷãǾֵȥһ
Ŀԣ˶Էлȵս⡣


84 
ڶգ峿
ů⣬ҫһ֮ء
˴Ƹ߿Ⱥɽһ߸䶥ֱƶˣͷ
֮£һƬ޴Բι㳡຺ʯɡ
㳡֮ϣʱڻţ۾ض֮µȴţһ˲˲
ʱ̧ͷһͷʯʾƣһŹ֣ʾ
ʮ
ϴ󲿷ʱֶģʺѪȻ䣬һʮš
һµ꣬ὣ˳ƣɫ֮䣬ȴΪ˷ܡ
ô
ӭǰȥʵ
ջ񻹲һöƷƬٴʮöǱȥȡһʽƷʽˡ
ãá
˾ǴϲЯ꣬Զȥϲɫ·ɡ
ͬʱԶ㳡㶸Ȼ˷·ˮһӿȥ
ңҡ
ˡ
ޣҶˣһҪң
ǣ
Ȼ䣬һԲĻµ˳ǰ档
˭֪ȴûмŽ룬ſһվסſڣһǧǮһգ٣ֻһʱ
ʲô
˶ʱ̶˲޵صƾʲôǴŶ˵ģ
ǺǣҪȻȻ𣿡
µָԡ죬һƹ⣬ָ¶ʱ棬ǼĵӣԲɫ䣬ŵŵš岽
Ҫˣ
Ȼһµ콣߳һ˦һǮ䵽˻µϡ
ԽȺֱ
ŶʱٴιرգϵʯĻ֮ϣٴαʮѪ֮ɫ
һɧԽԲҲֻ޿κΡ
ֻ˺Ŷӣóһ
µһǮϲȥ󣬾һƬӵĿ⣬˽Ǹŭԡ
飬ڴ˴ʱз˶ѭһԭʵһС
Ȼ䣬âʯĻ֮ϣâһǶһ漴µӣ߳㳡֮ϡ
ĴһۣһµӣȻóһƣƤƬƷһڷΣ
۰ƷŲƬ׷羪꽣ƬһöļۣǧŹ׵㣬Ҫĳۣ
۰ƷŲƬιƬöļۣһŹ׵㣬Ҫĳۣ

˴󾪣漴һȵضŹ㳡µӣӵֻ´ʱѷɻöͬɫƬҲߡ
Ա߽У̾Ϣ־ۣʥٷĶʦ֣׿ʦ֣ʦƬˣµĵΰɣǰռÿһʱ䣬һƬ˵ԵΪͺõۺ졣
Ҳ˼ʵңлһöƬ˵óضزǾ˲ƴ֡
Ŷǵǣ
Ա˽ӿڵ֪ӵеʺʥٷİƷʮϡ٣ҲΪʺԼģȻȥʺʥٷ߲ʺʽԼʥ
Ҳǡ
ԱߵһȻͷ󲿷˶񹦷ƬʺԼǴչ㹻Ƭ˽ֱΪǱȽٵģϾʱ򣬾ӵй׵㣬Ҳ뼯һףϼѰ
˵һףֿһҲƷʽһʽʮʮöƬ֮䣬ֻһʽͿΪɱʹãԶƷ׵ߣŲڵӰϵʦ֣Ѿ˺üʽˡ
ţǰ˱ˣһ죬Ҫ˵ʮöƬ֪һΣǱ˭ߣ
Ǹʦְɡ˼ҲǮ˵УʽƬϰöˣǴղ룬ܶһһ׵İƷˡ
ʦ֡
˶ʱȫĬ·һȫ᲻µĶ֡
Ϊ˼ңʵ̫ǿˡ
Ȼ㳡ֱӷ·ƻһš
ĳ֣֪ͷԴӹ㳡֮ϳһʦ֮˾ͽҲ޻ᡣ
ΪˣʲôҲɣ㳡ҲΪ˽ȥǾ⣬ϥнڵӹǴƬ
ˣȻ⡣
˼žתͷһȥ
ȻһµӣӦ߳һӳȫˣ
Ȼû˾ۣµӹһЦ漴öƬݸµӣӹƣһӴ㼴ݻأʦˬ죬ʹ죬죬ǣ
ɫ·ֻĲ׵㣬ʯͷڵԺٴ򵽣ԼһңۣרҪյƬ۸񻹿һ򡣡
á
µ˾۾һ漴׷׵ͷת̤ȥ
ȻĿޣʹǣУҲҪϢܳ棬ֻйһʱ
ֽöƬһöںڷĴָ֮У漴ٴγΧ۵ûģһһöӼۡ
ܿ죬߳óһöɹɣȻûֿܵĹƣʹƬҲһ
תۼ䣬׵óȻüͷҲûһ¡
תûǰף֪ȷûˣһüתϵҡ
˵꣬־ֱߵ㳡һǣĿ¡
ֻȵĿ˭Ҳ׿



85 ͻ
㳡֮ϣһɧ漴Ͱ

һߣ㳡һǣ£콣ĵӣǱߵһۣʮ׵ó۾գһ£𣿡
Ǻǣ˵ʮ򣬰Ҳգգ۵飬Ԥϣαظп
Ҳǣֻǿϧö׷羪꽣Ƭʺ콣İƷ֮һƽʮѼ
£ʱˡ塯ĲѧӰȥǣһǳ⡣
Ҳǡ
˳ĬĿ˸δ˵

ǰΪʥٷӵ뿪ֶȱ
ڵһܿ죬ʵ쳣ǿ׼ĵߡ
ڵٴλָ
ڵȻʧҲֻٴοʼȴ
ڴʱӰ㳡֮⣬ңңӰ
һңһס
ư֣ˡ
ߵվĿġʮɫ֣ΣҲֻվԭصȴ
ԱߣڵӱģԼм
ףǣȻûб𣿡
ǺǣƤ񣬲´ɣֻЩڵӰСܽ
Ǻǣ˵˶߰˲ΪʵҲǰǻĲͷˣ
˶ûнǻֱͦվǰҲ۾΢գͬδš
Ȼ䣬Աߴ
Ҫ˵һŵӣֻһ֮ӣӦѩ飬Ͼ飻һݣȴ̲Ϊǣǰͷ񡣸ڣԪû̲³𣿡
Ǻǣǰǰ
Ա˽ǻͬһӦʦãʦãôǿӦʦ̫ݽѴɾ磬̶ʱ䣬ڵӰǰʮʦãѷһġϹ⽣ͬ岻ɶõƷ֮һǰͬɱڵӰǰʮһǰʮһǰʮٿˣȻ߰˲ǻҳۣҲ¶ˣ
ȺУһµӰ۾һתȻһײư֮м⳯ײȥ
ͬʱвϵʧʧ󣬲˼˼ˣ
ưˣ費һԡ
˶֮ǿлŵǰҲһ׼ûС
˶ֻƿ벽ͱ˴˵ӵײõһԣȥ岽ɫ졣
عͷۼײޱ飬ƵᣬԼˣһˣʱŭͷ𣬻Ե
ˣС
ĿһתȻһΣײײĳվ֮ײоʧףôûվȣ˭һѵģãҪײˣҪײˡãá
һߣưֶһۣǲɡǺǡһЦ״Ҳġ
ǸɷֿµӴ֮һһվȣĿЦǣǹˡ
˾ĿһܶһƬϷ飬û⣬һµ뷨һۡ

ưʵ
ɡ
΢΢һЦڵ漴ǰһȻµǰ
λѣôײǣҲһǸ𣿡
ǺǣǸ
µתͷԲ˼Ŀ⿴Ȼ󣬳һ̯֣λʦҸǵǸ˵ӦӦأ
ӦðôӦأײ˾˼ҵһǸǲǣʦ֡
һЦ޲еȤֲ֧
ȴòеӣ֧֣ܲ
á
µ΢΢һЦٴγŰֲһҡһΣǰ΢΢һҪʮҾƣڴʱһȣٴγǰ
аУСӣôүǸҿĲͷˣ
ɫһΪͷû˷
ţŲˣԷͷͬţǣȻԼǰײһοɲǿЦֱԪɴɽ
µ䣬Ȼͷһһֻƣ֮ϣȻһ
飡
µһֱͣһ£ղסţббȥ߰˲վΣһףѾǱͨ졣
ŵȻƵһѾɫСӣȻʹ
ʹôᣬֻ۾ˣֻǡܡǸѣһУû뵽ôãֱӾͬһֻһ˳ôԶˣôôֵأ
㡭
µ
̶ߺ죬Ƿŭ
ն֣
Ȼ䣬˫΢ͬУһֻƱɫһֻƻɫ
ӣҪɣϹͬˡ
Ȼֻ΢΢ҡҡͷ΢ʮָһȦµӽţס
ΪΣ

µȻоӣѹã־ݣһ
ƣ
վǻԪΪǵȦ˲Ƭ̣ȻһըɢڴʱȻ黯ǰ
飡
һȭµӣûзӦ˾쵹ɶԶԶˤȺУðǣǿѪΰء
Ŀⲻ䣬ȴñ䣬ˣص֪ǶңһΣǾ޷ٽ߳ȥ
вģ
ã
ȺУһݣ漴һЦССӣҲڴǰţԪһᣡ
Żһɫۣһ󵶵Ĵüӣ˳
Ȼһ󵶣ǰһգһسưһüһϰɣ
裬һӣ
ٴߵǰվ֮ƣһ


86 Ҫס
ãе㵨
µüСӣү²ն֮

ãˣһн㣡
µ̤ǰһ˫յȻһ
꣡
һɫĵ˳еĳȻɳӰڵնһ磬ͷ
δӳüۡ
Ե
棬⣬벻ڣֻСϽ컪һ֮׶Σһλӣдﵽ
Ρ
ûգҲˡ
ȻһЦܣԪǿȣΧȻһȦӰȻһԾ⣬ű⵲ȥ
飡
һ죬⾡ɢΧӰҲɶһ漴ɢ
һ̾ȻƷн׵ԪǿǿˣǣϾȲԷƷϽ׹
ǣѾˡƷϽ׹
ȻҲΪ˲۷壬Ԫһ޴ĺ蹵⡣
ȻʹУҲױơ

۾˲
ԳԪܷǿȣĵ㲽һζȻûһݳ
µǰһѾӰ⣬һЦܶȥүڶ
ৣ
һն¡
һҷ磬ܿռ棬ѹ΢΢һΣΣٴԾ
Ȼµ۾һϲתӰնȥ֮ʱǵӰȴȻ࣡һɢȻֻһӰ
µ۾һ㵣漴첻ãæתͷ
Ѿˡ
飡
һֻƣȻ£óһΣд󵶶ʱ֮סԷɳ
顱һڶֵͬһλ
ոԪûüγɷ֣ʱٴαɢԪϢ壬һɲǣͨ죬һѪӿ
䣡
Ҫ֪Ȼһʧţæһֵ
״Ըд㵣˸һƬ죬Ŀ⡣
Ȼ˵Щû׷ϣæǰԼĴ󵶣ͨȥȴҲմˡ
һƬ˶ûϵһԪڵڵӣȻô׵İܸһ˲СˣԪĳɷݣҲӦ˰
֮˿ưֵˣԭڴˣߵľ磬ҲΪ
ԪɼҾ磬ʽ̤ɵĴš
һɣһ
Ҳ˵ĿǰԣưȻͬΪڵӣǣԷˣȴڷ˵УǣѾʽ̤;
־磬λȻȻͬ˺ˣôߵһ
ʹѾСأǵӵ̤;ĻᣬԶֻǻᣬûʽ֮ǰû˻һ㡣
µӣԼٻµӣưֶһۣ´ȥ׼øһ㡣
Ǵʱâڵӳǰ
ŶصأССӦóֵĵطΪԪ䣬׿ʵҲҪǴ𲻴Ӧ
Ԫʹ꣬׿Ӧñüײǵĳˡ
̤ǰһɫ䣬Ȼô֪أ
ǺǣһɣһΪԼеˣһ㡮̡ѵǲ֪ˡ
֪ͣ˾ԼȥԺԹԴţ;Ͳǰˣ֣һսˣ²£
£ô᲻£˲࣡
ưֹһЦ̤ͬǰһٴ磬̬ȫ޾ɫ
˶ǵ֮ʹǿ߻ŵĻҲ޸Լ֡
ãã浱ԼҺ԰ˣֵǣƣǡϡ
ֲмȻ֣Ȼƣ򵶻򽣣һʱнݺᣬɡ
ԪӴƣѹȶư˲һơ
ڵȼѹ𣬲ԽܿԽ˵ġ
ȻưˣԲɫ
֮ǰǾѾ֪Ԫǿ󣬲ΪǾʤһУٵӦ䣬ֶãͬǻʤ롣
ϣ
˺һûη壬ͬǰȥλûݼӴһһƻõĸоЩԪڵӣȻ׽׼·
ư֣֪ԼʵֱӿˡԶͫһƬ̣Ȼ
ͬʱ֣뵽䣬ңָۣץסһѰڵȴʱʩչŹǡ
飬飬飡
Уһ˲֣ưֳΪĿѪ΢𵴣һۡ
ȻǵĶҲܡ
ġѨ֡ÿһδǵ֮ϣѨʹ
ưֵġԶ̹֮ͫˣֻӲÿ˶оԼ彥ԣ
ãСе֣Ҳڹ˼ˣȫ֣ǣȻ﷭Ҷÿ
á
˶ܵưֵĲͬΣȻֻ˵ӣȴӵӲԪǿ߹ı£ҷҲǿ
˶ҵԼԽԽվ£һҧȻԼľС
һɽ
һ
ƣ
նȣ
ưʵ㣬˾òһͬʱٲԥһ֣е찵
аֳһͼΣŶڵӼȥ
ȴˣ̤ǰһ˫ӿЦһҪ֮ס
Ѩ֡ǵ£
ߵλƵ·Ŷ˼ƾȻ֮һʱԷ˵Ĺƻཀྵ֣¡
ʲôôܣ
΢ͨ˵ӶѣȻô˵¼ôãҾȻԽԽռϷӣ˶Ǵһ
ڴʱԶǰâһ浤ӳ⡣
ʯʾϣâһѪʮ֣һԾʮˡ
Ҳ˵˲ٴοճ



87 ྦ
֣

һɧǹư˵ģ֮ǰڱϿֵģͬһʱ䳯ӿȥ˲ưˡ
ģٻµӡ
סǣ
һŭ𣬳˳ȥɫĹʱк
ɶ񣡡
ֻһҪ̤ʯţʱӲԷ裬ǵȻҲӲһ£ȥ
ͬʱ֪ô๥һ˵ģӲôһ𹥻Ӳ³ֱֻˣʹȥҲܿҪųûжá
֮Σ
֮£ֻһܣԱһãÿȥ·ʱ߰ٴγ嵽ǵλã๥
ЩǰģֱԷȥλãһǺԥֱ֣๥
飬飬飡
ʱһ죬ǰ°ٻӣҲ¼սš
Ϊ࣬ɿǰһʱ磬ҳһƬ
ڴʱγһ϶ӰһȺ⣬ưˣȺȻһ󣬳ǰ
ٴһȻʯ
ʯӦ֮ϢٴαʯŻرա
ɶ񣡡
òɿûưˣˣЩɵۡ
ȻеʵΪȥǿȥˣưˡ
ϾڳڶǿУԪڣȱȽǣ˲㣬пյʱ򻹿Ը棬ʱ˭ϰǷڣ
һʱǣƣǺˣ굽ӡ
ۼѾرգڳֹֻͣ˴򶷣һŭɶ
һ˵ǳҪǺÿ
ǣƬֱʡ£Ц
ˡ
еӷ׷״ЦлʮֲͬʱҲʮ֡
ǲ죬ˣܴô˻๥ķ϶УץסᣬܽʯţҲһ㱾ˡ
뵽ǰһˣܳµ׿µԪ䣬˼΢һӣ۾ʱ
ˣ򵥰
һߣԶ񾩣֪ʱѾ۾һۣ漴۾һ
ֻУҲӹһ˿ȣһ˿졣
ˣˮ׼
Ҳû̫ϣһȡúõĳɼ
ߴٲ㣬ӵһϣͨĲԽߣԽ󣬶ƷļҲԽߡ
˵
ӵһʮ㣬ͨΣʺʮԪڣûκζ䡣
棬һĲпᣬԼĥһԼսܶ˵ӣﱻ
ʮʮ㣬ͨӴĵطʺϻԪڵԪڡ
ÿʮ㣬аٷ֮һʣһƷƬ
ʮʮ㣬ΪڵӰϵǿ߲ܴĵطÿʮ㣬ʮ֮һʣһƷƬ
һ£һֻӵһλᡣ
ʮʮ㣬ҪڵӰǰʮǰǿߣܽ롣
ļʾ͸ˣÿʮ㣬֮һĻᣬһƷƬ
Ҳ˵ܴʮ򵽰ʮ㣬ǰٷְ٣صһƷƬ
ȻҲãųɵĻᣬһҲȻҲпãζ
Ǿֻܿˡ
ʮһ˲㣬ÿ㣬ͱصһƷƬֻǿϧΪֹûĸڵӴȥ
УֻжӲ͡
ӣŻԶһƷţǶԣһ߶ѡ
ڵӣΪλĶɽЩصأЩطӵУƴȥأ
ΪЩصУлᣬһݵİƷƬ
Ƭţֻƾ֤ĳһݵƬõȥһ
һʽͨİƷУҪͬƬʮʮöҡ
һİƷţ嵽ʮУҲ˵һҪʮٿƬҡ
ҪƬĶ٣ȫⱾŵļֵݣλԼԸΪŸĴۡ
ƷУҲָ¡
ЩͨģʮʮöҾͿԸ㶨һЩģҪֹ屶һһܶѴ롣
֮һأΪ˼ŵӣྺ
ֻо޶ȵĴ̼ӳɳ
뿪ţ߳ȥִĳҪʱᾪʧ룬
ƷƬǺʵһҪءȻŵĻȡʽֻһ֡
㹻ǮȥŷУߵºУҲһʣؽõ
ֵطȽ׵ţִ̫ٲ˵Ҽ۸̫󣬹ûм
ȷѪ꣬ȥȥ
ԣĶɽΨһĻᡣ
ֱΪӣӵֱӴһƷŵĻᡣ
ڵӣʱûʸ
ֱӹ򵽵ģƷϽš
ҪƷϵţֻпһЩΣյԼڴܳΪĳλϣĵӣֱӵõˡ
Ȼ̽ĳؾֱõȻǸõ飬ڰƷȻ˵ֻƬˣ˭ûнݾ

ưֲ֪Уؽ
˽֮һЦ̾ҡ
ףǱ̫ˣƾǵʵֻºѴôԪоĸֵȺɱ
ǸƾԵˣ˵һʽһ㣬˶Էֿԣһһ˵ķ䡣
ĶػƣҲ޷ı䣬Ͳöܣɣ
á
˻ͣȭ漴顱һͬʱһݣ뵽ڡ
ء
һֻоһƣǻعѾһ˵ķ䣬߿ưˣưҲ
˽ףĽƴЧˣ˶֣ԴԼĻ
ǰһâɢأǰһֻྦ׻ͷһ˶ĺɫ֡
ͬʱһϢʶ΢΢һ漴ͷӦ
һ㣬ҽ׶ޣ໢һֻ
һʱ֮ڣɱ໢ɽһ㣡


88 ʮ
һʱ
Цˡ
һֻͨҽ׶޶ѣȻǿ󣬵ʵ˵ȴ㲻ʲôˡ
ͷྦӦӭϡ
Ѩ֣
ֻѸٱ˫һһͷûüһܻĻС
飡
һ죬ֻͷԷȻɳȥײǽ֮ϣһƬ
ȥһӣˤΰصͷྦŷӦӵһȺ۾ɱ
𡫡
һɭȻڣȶų򣬳˶Уſһ£һѪĭɭȻȫ
Ԫ
ӰöȴҲҵȫһӰȻһɳǰ档
ЩѪĭϣ佦һЩƣ漴ָƽ
Ǵ˿̣
һЦѾԳͷྦʵҲͲ˷ʱ䣬ৣһӰѾΪһײӰֻһ͵ͷ
۾¶֮ɫæͷȴѳˡ
飡
һƵббתľ£һĹ䡱һֻྦȻ£ƽɽ
ԭس鴤£۾¶֮ɫ漴һŰ׹ɢ
ԭأֻһԿףƾƯ֮⣬տյʲôҲûС
һţϿո֣ɫԿףûԥ˲Ѿ֮ǰ
룡
ֽԿײ֮У顱һֻԴһΣ̧ͷѾڶ㡣
ͬһյİ˽ͷ䣬ȵһԴһЩܹȦһأһֻ޴İ׺ס
ֻ׺׿޺Ȼͷ̺Ѫë罣ĺ๣羫ĺ׳˫ۣͬŹĵģ䲻򵥡
˫һУҽ׼ޣף
ݣ
һųɫë·һ㳯˷һ㡣
ȻһѾϣԪ߶ӰһͽëȻ
ৣ
һƵƽƽ丹նһΪ׺׷һ漴
ԭͬһöԿףŸ֡
ڶ㣬ͨ
һԿףѾ˲û㡣
һͷ̣ˮľ޴ڹ꣬ĥ״ſʯһǣ˯
ϣðһǿµϢȻѾӽԪ
벽ƽޣˮꣿ
һݣ֪Ϸˣǰ㣬ǿθСˣƽ׶ûУֻҪǸŵӣնɱ
˵㣬ûôˣ
뵽⣬Ȼ۾һԥȥ
žžž
Ƭ֮󣬹âһͷ˯Уûѹıˮ꣬Ѿ֮£ɢ
ԭһ˸ŵͭԿס
һĲ㡣
ݶ󣡡
ǰģһֻ޴ĺɫΪȴһͷˮţҪ󣬻ëˮɼˣһ֪С
֨֨֨֨
ݶţһΣǾ޴ȻȻУٶȾȻþˡ
Ļƽޣ൱Ԫ
Ŀһ
ȻɫУȴȫ˿η֮ɫȸԾ˷ܡ
УΪĥԼѧԼΪⷬǿĶ֣ϣ֮¡
ұٶôˡ
һչȻΪһֻӥƾջ裬ٶȾȻֻݶҪֻ֣գۼ䣬׷ֻ
ԥ飬飬顭ʮȭ
֨
һźڹ⣬һȳ֮ζӭȥϢȭƲͣ⡣
һһƤȻƺһƤȥƣۼκãССϸԲ۾УȻ¶ΪԻηĿ⣬һȻΪһźӰȥ
Ȼתˡ
ӣ
һЦ
ݣ
һѾУһ̣һǷƵͷĸ£һ
飡
𣬾۾¶ʵĹâɢԭأһöǰǰͭԿ׸Ӵ۵ͭԿ
Ĳ㣬ͨ
һ㣡
ǰһͷξ޴󣬷·һСɽƵӰƽһƷޣĿԳ

һߡ
ưҲ˺ͬңء
һΣǰֵģһֻ״ʮֺصľ޴ȻСǾͱˡ
ư־ǳ
ֻϵأÿһ˦·һѴաաѳĹۡ
еʱıǿ׻ˮɽ伲˷ʤ
ͷʹģȴķǹ룬ˮˣưþֶΣû˿á
գ׼һᣬưáԶͫסΣáŹǡ䰵ֻҪ۾ǿף͵ȴڽɱ
Ȼɱͷ֮ưҲѾ۵ȫʪ͸ˣͬˮ̳һ㣬Ҳȥһ㡣
գĳɼڵڰ˲㣬⣬Ѿļޡ
ղͷΪؾ󡱣λлƽƷޣӽԪڡ
ܴﵽȳ̶ȣǲס

һߡ
ӣѨ֣ʮغ֮ڳɹͷĿԳζķʽɱһ̤ϵ㡣
棬һֻɫͷףܷ·һŵ⻷ƵľͰ׵
ƽ׶Ʒޣ
۾һҲоЩˣƽ׶ƷޣʹǻԪǿߣҲˡ
ңޣµģٶȣ׵
Σ
΢΢һЦϡ
ƬӺɫƣ˿ֻˮһϵ߲㡣
ֻɫ׵˸ȼգžһ֮ڡ䡱һɢɻѾĲ
ԭأֻһڵĺۼ
߲㣬ڰ˲㣬ھŲ㡣
һֱʮ㡭
ԽԽǿ󣬸ͨʱȴԽԽ̣ƽƷޣħܣƽƷޣ̻ǣƽƷޣͷʨ
ڣڵʮ㣬˴ľУһͷ£·ĺȼգ֮ϣȴӵͷľ޴ɫȮ
ƽƷޣͷȮ



89 ˭˲ʶƷ
ɫе
ƽƷޣʹڻԪУҲϣʱ˲ΪȽףԶ
Ҫ˵һ·սѾ̫࣬ͷͷȮȴ۷塣
ȻҲơ
ǾǣþԶֻǻþޣûǻ۵ģֻҪ׼ӵõȻӵսʤĻᡣ
ֻǣͿᣬܰռˡ
ףһأĿ飬ŵӣҴȴһر̭ȥ
ɣ
Ŀ⾼һ˲˲˿⣬ԪѾȫӰѨҲ˾ƣ˫ʮָƴ

⡣
ڵѾȵЩͷˣͬʱһֲ졣
ǻûг
˵ӣⶼѾȥʱˣôܣ
ЦҲֻܴ򵽵һ㣬ֱӹ治˰ɡôáÿһɶʱƵŶʹǵһ㣬Ҳһʱʱ䣬һʱ֮󣬻ϵڶ㣬ôҪͳʱҲܲ
һӦû⣬Ͼֻһͷҽ׶ޣྦǿĲ㣬㡭ٵȵȰɣӦÿˣ
š
ڣӰһ˸ĴŴ򿪣һӰȴ߳
ֻǱ꣬һ£һư֣
ڳˣ
죬ϡ
ڵһ˷ܣ׷ΧϣҪưȭߡ
ưּȻ۵üǲԸԸǿһҪ
ڴʱȺ֮⣬һ󻩡
˷·ˮһ߷ֿ
һȹޢ껪̬ӯľŮȺȻ
пĵӣ޲Ŵͣһ۾Բͬһԭء
ԭһֱĿȺ֮⣬£µ񾩣ҲȻиӦ۾漴վ
ֻϲɫɿӭɣôˣ
ţ
Ůһۣȴû˵ʲôȻغһԽǰȥ
ڴʱּ׷ϣȴٱԼԭǸ߰ɫһǫɣյöƬһö׷羪꽣öι㿴ҪҪҪȫ͸㡭
öƬ׵㣬˷Ȼʱͳȴû˿۵ĸо
·ͳģɽһҰϵһöʯӡ
ӣһĽĿˮֱȻŮȴػعͷؿڵ񾩣Ҫ׷˼ˣƷȻȱţҲöƬ˵ģİɣ
ÿҪңҪȥµˣ
ŶŶ
ô˵ܾ񾩵ûаεɫΪ裬Ϊ٣ԾһֺõصããҾ㣬ɹ
ߣ
ŮҲһۣԾֱ߹ԽȺֱ
ʼգûһӸǰҲû˸Ҷ࿴һۣǰȴ·˳һ㡣
һĻưȥûзӦȵŮӰѾʧЩưǰԭҪڵӣһɵˡ
ǸСأ
ˡˡ
һͬ飬СӸţǾͼΧһһܣ
Ҳǡ
ڵٴһЦΧһ𣬲˼һɫ
ȻղŮĵ
ڵӹײ㣬ͨڵӺڵӰԶڵӰϣҲŵȡ
λģˡ
һƽ̶ڶ紵ѩ裻ݹʥ֡ڣʥ˭˲ʶƷɣһǧ񾩡
ˣڵӰΪڵţ֮ӡ
ÿһǰ벽ѨΪ
ƾ̤ѨҲûжԶˡ
Уƽ̶Ϊߣʮأٲˣ󲿷ʱ䣬дţ˵ѾҪͻƵڰʮ㡣
ڵڶ紵ѩ裬үүԶ󼸴ʵȨ֮һ
ԶҲǵǸưֵˣμʮӰ񣬽аؿߣµʥٷ峤ϡ
Ӱ죬ɽ壬Ҳ壬֮һʥٷ塣
Ȼʹֻ֮һԼ츳ԼүүСգǳΪ֮һ
ңڶ
ѹ֣λڵһ콣塰ƽ̶֮¡
ݹʥ֡ڣʥڵһˣݴһΪɲ⡣
ң˵ǰʮ֮һʹָڣı硣
ˣ˭˲ʶƷɣֻ֣Ѿ˵һС
ǰУΨһŮԣҲٵУòΪڵŮ֮һ
ƽĽڵӲ֪٣ЩУԡ紵ѩ裬һǧΪɫҲϣ˹׷ߡ
Ȼˣ׷ԷҲһ
У紵ѩȽأһǧȴֻͬҪһлᣬƷǰա
ϲõģϧŪ
ֻƷҲǸƢϲԴɫˣȻԶ񾩵׷֮ֻ⵱ս
һĻ˾ռߣ˿ϡ棬˵ֻöƬһ񾩺ò׾벿ٻѧִɫϲ̵õǰҲмһ˵֮ڵء
񾩲òͼ۽ڱˣ˼ˮ
ȻƷָҰҺޣǰ֮ΨһŮԣɲһڣΪ糱һĻ
Ǳˣ˳ơһǧ񾩡
ΨһһԲƸ֮ӣ츳Ȼȴ鷳ԣֻҪǮ⣬;ԲḶ֡
ˣԼƬȴԸһֱ棬ȱ˴ٸ߼
ŵһɾǣֻҪǮ⣬ǾͶ⡣Ȼˣֺα鷳Լء
ˣ֮У壬ڣϽȴģҲֻǶһˣ޷ֺţȴ޿κΡ
ΪĲƸ˶޷һǵ
֮⡭ڵӣȻҲгɫģ
ѹƷɸһˣڵһưµǸ׷ãɡ
⣬ڵӰǰӵеȨ˺֮ȡ

ڣ֪ⷢЩ顣
ʱͷ󺹣Ѿʱ̡
ʮ㣬ѵһ㣬ȥӵʽڵӵսȥʹдͨڵӵսԵõ˵ĳϡ
սսս
ܵĶ־ͷȼգˣһ̣Ȼľġ֮ܣսֵ֮
Уľˮͬһ澵ӣƽӳճͷͷȮһһϢÿһϸԾÿһϸ΢̧ܶյһ
һսϸڣӳġ
Ǵʱ
ڣһΪ٣Ȼз࣡һ죬ͬһİ׺ۡ



90 񣬼ٳ
棬ͷͷȮУ¶мĹâ
أ
ͷͬʱ³š
ţֳУңγһΣֱ˶
֮ճֳ΢΢Ĳ黯ļ
ɫ΢΢һ䣺ǿ
⣬ǻƽƷ޵ǿ𣿡

ɫ˲ƽһ飬УŻеӰȻֻһ
һ̣ͷȮ
飬飬飡
һȭȻͷͷȮϣȻʯ෴˫ƣȴһҪսĸо
⣬ǻƽ޵ķ
۾˲о˼֡
ĹķҪʲôսʤ
꣡
ͷȮˡ
ֻӰ·ΪһڵĻ⣬֮ؾȻģͬγɴı
ֻգۼ䣬۽ߣȻһͷֻͷͳӴҧ
ÿ죡
΢΢ɫҲǿףٶȣͬԶԼ
Ʒ׵ٶȣҲ
飡һ졣
ⲻסͷͷȮһԣ浹ɶݺݵ³һѪˤڶǽϣ䡣
ͷȮ¶ϷʵĹâҡͷͷ­ֻ۾У׺ݶɱ⡣
ã
һθܵȽУǲʲôƣһˣˣһҲ
죬вٵӣңЩ츳ȽϽܳΪȽϸߵĵӡ
ΪֻǣܴαȽϸߣԵҲȽǿһĿ
ˣ
ǿƣˣȻٶȣȴȲͷȮٶȣֻӰóһӰ״׷
һ̣ٲԥȻľ߶˷·һƬռ䣬ܵĿˮݣÿһԪĳڡ
Ǵʱ
Ȼ䣬۾һӰ˲֣һΪΪΪģķΪ
գۼ䣬ʮռУʮӰÿһһ޶Ѫ⡣
ͷȮһ£Ȼᣬֻͷϣȴ¶Цݡ
һһӰ׷ȥ
ۣ
һצ£ȻǵʮֱӰȻͬĭһɢֻһ߻
⡭
ͷȮһһ㶣Ȯ౾Ǳ֮ϢסǣȻȻˡ
ԥһ£ֳߵһӰ׷ȥȻ׷ȥ֮һצͬǡžһӰҲĭɢ
һ߻
ͷȮãˣ۾¶ݵɻζоˣΪʲôȴĴˣ
С࣬ʹʲô
ӦȻ䣬һӰȻ֣Ȼʮ߳
أأأأء
һ͵ɳƵ죬쳹ʮռ䣬ͷд¶ã֮еͷȮֻͷܵʮȵĹʱһԣ˶
ͷЩΡ
ðǣ
һߣӰ֣΢Щ
ʹˡԪϢԼʵϢȴ߻ƭͷȮıʶ
һߣԥĿˡԪѪֿƷн׸ءٶȣһʱǿͷȮ£չķˡ
ͼˡ
ͷȮһĹ£ֶԼıʶ˻ɣüмþѨ֣أԪѪȵ¡
ڣʮغϣ۵ţԭشԱߣһźɢΪһö˸ŵԿס
ʮ㣬˳ͨ
ʮһţͷϿջ֡
ҪҪ
ԥһ£Щɡ
ԭ΢Ϣһ£Ϣظȣſһ£ʰϵöԿףŵʮһȥ
ǰʮ㣬ͨ˵ӵĹؿһ˺Ѵù
ǣĿģɲͨ˵ӵݣǡٱȼһʽڵӡ
⣬Ҫ󣬱Ǵʮһ㡣
ߵģܴ򵽵ʮ㡣
ףʹû취һδǰʮ㣬ǣ漸㣬ҲҪһ£һ¡
Ȼ´´о飬ܲƣ
룡
ԿײһѾһ޴İռ䡣
ռУȻһݳһΣǰģȻеĻƽƷޣֻһģһĻҽ׶ݡ
ҽף
һ㶣漴㷴Ӧ
ߴһ˲㣬ÿһأǰعһƷף˵ڵӣڳˣҲܴù
һʮ㣬Ϊͨ˵ܹͨصĲΡ
ʮʮ㣬ΪԪԪڵܹͨصĲΡ
ȻԪڣڵĵӣܴǰʮ㣬ôǰʮ㣬Ѩϵޡ
˵˵һʮ㣬ǳƷ׵֮⣬ԵʮһԺ󣬾ͲƷ׵ˡ
ңѶҲ
һֻӦѣֻֻֻֻֻֻֻʮֻһֻأ
ǿɾ˵׼ˡ
˫ȭѵ֣ȭʦ֪⼸޵ж٣ƷЩ仯
ԣʹֻͷҽ׶ݣȻҴ⣬Ϊֻ֪Ҫǲֵޣûм򵥣ӦǸѲǡ
΢΢һЦɫһЩΪҲûкô
ΪӣģȺս
ৣһûԥٳϣһս֮ʼ
ƬʱֺĻþ£ͷҽ׶ޣû˿֮ģͱΪŻӰɢ
һ٣漴ٴγϵʮ㣡
һΣԵģͷҽ׶ޣϵ籪
ֶͬΣͬٶȣԪ΢΢һ˿ͽͷϵ籪ͬʱ˵ʮ㡣
ǰģͷҽ׶ޣһ
һΣ΢Ӧһ˿Ҳֻһ˿ѡ
Ļþ£Щһһеп־壬ʮӲ߳ɣָԷֿգһɻơ
ʮĲ㡭

ʱ֮
⡣
ȺѾЩɧ
ûгôܣ
һˣ˲Ϊѵܴʮ㣬ܵʮػޣⲻܰգ
һÿһ㣬ԭϢʱȻܼ֮ãһףԵģףСӣ
һƬ۷׷ףڵȴȫȻֹ֪һʱ֮ȻѾ뵽˵ʮ˲㡣
һΣǰֵģһֻֻƴСЩСһԳһ׵״ɫˮˣΪ񡱡
һֻ
ֻüͷ΢壬򵽴˴ѸеЩˡ
һֻǾ൱ǾŸʮ۷ǿͬʱΧһˣټǰ־ôೡս
һսô򣬲Ҳˡ



91 ƷƬ
ž
ٳϣһҵս֮ѸٱǱתʮŲ㡣
ĿеĶʮ㣬ֻһأ
֪ڶʮعޣʲô
ʮһֻϵĻҽ׶ޣǣ
Щԥ롣
ǰʮ㣬κζ
Եڶʮ㿪ʼһʣƷƬˡ
Ȼʣʮ֮ͣٷ֮һ
ٷ֮һҲǼʡ
˵أ
Ŀ⣬ڶʮ㣡

ڴʱ棬һȺɫ򼳯ӿÿһֻԼգٶȷɿ죬ðź˪һϢʮ־ˡ
һʮֻҽ׼ޣ˪򼣡
״˲عԥһչЩ˪ȥ
ʱ֮
ʮŲռУһϡĽ֮к˪һΪһɢ
΢һöɢŵԿףתڶʮȥ
ס
ڶʮռ䣬ƺǰʮŲ㶼ΪͬʮСҳһֹصϢ
棬ûпκ޴ڵļ񣬵ȴһŵɫﲻƣ
΢һɻЩɵ˲䣬Ȼ䣬ĺֱ𣬸оƺһֻʲôɲ޶סˡ
Ȼ̧ͷŶɫ
ãɫǱعޣ
ɫ䣬μˡ
ڴʱһ·ϵһٶȾȻĿ⻹졣
ʹĿҲ׷ټֻܿһӰ
ǣƽƷޣǮ

⣬ڵѾȵЩͷˣ˿ʼˡ
Ȼ䣬һһڵ˳У˲ٴζһ
һᣬһʵȽǿڵӣоߣ˽ȥ¹رա
еȴڵӣ״֮һ̾ΪԼö̾
ڴʱһڵȺһ䶯
ڵӣɫ𪣬ѪɫȻվȺУȻһԺ޵ĸоʮ־ˡ
бڵӣ޲һɫ䣬׷ײ˺󼸲ÿһȦӡ
һϮѪɫ߷֮κһ壬ĳɫ΢ƣϣ˾Ȼ˿⣬ҲˣվڵУȺʮۡ
ûһˣվָ
Ŀ⻷һȦֱߵȺ֮󣬱ĿµǰؿڵҪս
䵭˶óԴ֮еĲݾܾǿġ
ս
µ̧ۣͷһۣصսңûȤΪڵǾȥˣҲں

ȺУʱһȻ
ǰģ֮Уˣǰ֮һս
֣Ȼ޶ս뷨Ըóǰ档
صǣ񾩵ĻظѪµӣȴû뿪һĮصΪڵֻǵҪս㣬֮Ĳ࣡
Ŷ
һ£µ񾩵΢һ˿Ȥôģ
˵аٷ֮ٵģɣеġ
Ŷ
һ£µ񾩵ɫ΢һ˿أĬΣڿڣ㽫ŵĵʽѧˡ
ҲӦս
ѪµûнͣƺӦǣӦвǣֻ̧ͷĿƵضŶµӡ
á
ϣ񾩵һεͷºս̨ҵһս
һΪ
񾩵ĻѪµһԣתߣܿ죬һϮԵѪӰʧ˵ߵС
ˣǴʧ״̬·ûдȼԻУѹ
ţţţ
Ҫսǰ޵еλң񾩾ȻӦˣĶ֣Ҳ˲С
ڵڣڵӰǰ֮⣬Ϊһţ˾һ֡
쵶ޡѪ̣ڣպĵ͡
û˻ɣ˵ӵʤ㣬Ǽٵġ
˶԰ºս̨һսڴ
һ֮УΪպĿֲ֡
һƽʱӲʲô¶᲻ȤϲǮڵ壬񾩡
˭Ҳ֪ʵǶ١
һΣս¶
콾䣿콾Ц磬ȴӴ˱ûûأ
û֪
Ҳûܲ²⵽ºһսĽ

ڡ
ڶʮ㡣
սƬ̣͸еΣǮٶ̫ˣ֮
ʹƷ׵ΪϣҲ̫ԶϾȽ׵ľ޴࣬޷õֲġ
ͣͣ͡
ֻһϾͶ˵ѪۣȫǽǮĺۼÿһ
оڵԪѾѹեޣһֱƵĸоԤеԼٲܽԪйȥԼֻ¾Ҫըˡ
ȥˣ
䣡
Ȼ䣬˫һУ۾һ˿Ȼɫһ˿¡¡һɫɽ壬ЯһƵصĿƣۡһ˲ͷƽƷ޽Ǯѹ÷顣
Ѫžһԭ˲һöɢŵϹƬ



92 
ǣ
һǰ۾͵һ־ϲ
ƷƬ
ʲô
ٷ֮һļʣȻͳˣ˵ϣϣҲ̫ãˣҵһˣ
ȫţʵǰȷǱС
ȻѾʮƣ۾лϲɫһݣԥǰöƬʰ봢֮С
˵ɲһöƬһγջ񣬳ɾֵͣԷǷ
Ȼ֪һʲôĵʲʺΣպǴãһˣҲһѡ

һԥһ£ȻҲʮʶһ¶ʮԺزˣȻػ壬˵
һĴսǮļսΣѾоŲڸУԽԽˡ
ƽʱֵƿɶмҪͻƵļˣ
뿪
ûȥԭµöɫԿףһȥ

һʱ֮ص塣
ϣһܵһϵڵӵĵѡ
Լмþɹ˼ڵ˸ա
ȴĵĴȥΧȻǵȺư֡
ңΪƷɵĵưҲûܵ˵Ĺ
оյĴ㳡뿪ȴ޷Ǿôֻ뿪ԱߵһƧ֮أȴ
Լ˭ȳҪôֱȥϼɡ
㱨˸Խչ֮ûйưֵľȣص壬ѡ˱չء
һֻܽһΣͻƵڶʮ㣬ҲʧС
Ҫǣǿʹһ췣֪֮һν췣ѶҪʲôزˣ
Ҳܲˣ£ͻھŲ˵
һ۾һ
⣬׹ҹĻ١
ϥ˫ĿգԼУͬˮ̳ͷһƬ죬ƶСĺ飬ϴǰ䡣
ž
ž
δڵϣ죬Ȼı飬ȴԽʹ࣬
͡
Ȼ³һһɰһ
ʱ͵·𱻳˵ңһӸɱָ
ۿ۾¶ʧ
ʧˣ
ʮγʧܣŲ㣬ô𣿡
ô죿
̧գһƬҹһʱ顣
磬ʮ㣬һУ壬Ĳ㻯С죬죬߲ţ˲أŲڸУʮ⻯
ÿһÿһĲͬÿһÿһر
һУԲ˵壬С죬죬Ҳһһơ
ȻԵ߲ſʼüҲǷУֱͨȱȽǣȴǳԭ
߲ţᴩ磬һ塣
˲أ漰
ھŲ㣬ʮ㣬һؿ
ھŲڸУʮ⻯
ڸУǿԼ
⻯š
Լο
±۾
ˣҹõʱ
ҹ֪Ҫϵã
Եһ˵ĶԵһ㵲ҲסԵһȥ׷Ҳ׷ء
ջԵڣο
뵽ˣ˫Ŀһ˲Ѵ󶨡
˲ת䣬Ѿȵ࣬ʲôܿ赲
ңͻ˲֮Ҳ֪֮һһ۵ĵûȥͻھŲ㣬һٵȣʱ֮ࡣ
ڣСȣаؿɾͻۣգеʮೡս
ֹһʱȻڷתȻڸ֮ţֻһߣǰҪȴ˼ѣǧɽˮ
˵ߣǼγأȴִֿɼƺͲһߡ
⣬ڸеƿ𣬹ȻĪ⣬ͻˣͲһ㱡Ĥͻƣѹء
һٴ۾ȻԻͳһöƿóһöԪС
ٴα۾
Ϣ
һΣĸܣȫͬ
Ԫ壬տʼʱ޸ܣҩ޸Ӧ
˲ãڵһааѹ֮סƺҪԼȼա
ھٵĸоУȻ𵱳ͻ˲еƬ
һб࣬
һȥ֡
ģоԼƺĿƣʶܹԼڣӦһЩƽĶ
ءѪһСϪһ罭ӣУ£ңϣ
仯Ө
һһϢ֮䣬ʱĹȥƺøǿʢ˼֣ӾӨ˼֡
һ޴Ŀռ䣬·һɫĺϿգƯԪԪˮͬأֱɺˮһݡ
Լʵɴһ֡
⣬ڸеĳ
ڸУ⻯һһ⣬;УؽԵ⡣
һһһһаһһ£Ȼֵ
ڣǿӿԼһһһ˿һ壬СһϸĴת硭
ֻгԼڣܵǿڣӶ֮
Ԫ֮ͨɢȥùγɿԹ˵ֶΣ
ڸУԼ⻯



93 һº
ʱţɡ
תۼ䣬ɹͻŲ㣬ֹһ¡
յĴأⶳٻţһɲ
ƻ裬ڹ㺮֮ȭ

ȭ缤ͬŭмȴ־ػСɣ˷ʤ
һµȫԼŲΪҴﵽŲڡ
ʣʱ䣬ʼѨֺͷԪ˼Ľ
УԹѨֽҪͻƵɾļ
ѨһɣضʹڵʵҲһСĽˡ
һУʱ򣬵ںư֣һ
СʱҲڣһԼе׬㹱׵㡣
УһУõһƷн׸徲Ҿ֪ʲôá
㽫һߣûٹܡ
һԣȴ֣ԼԪȣȻСҲһС֮ϲ
⣬һУһΣ⣬˵һڵ콣ӡӦѩ顣
ȴȻѾ̤뵽ԪڣҲԶˣڵӰȻҲǰʮλ
ڸ̾ԷΪɿͬʱҲܵ˾޴ѹ
ԣһУŬԽ̿ࡣ
ڣ̧ͣͷɫ
죬ڸµʱˡ
ӡԼ췣ޣѾһˡ
ʱ򣬰ˣȻ;ʲô飬ˣԼոͻŲΪҪˡ
ڵʱһʱڴȡư֣ضȴɽУ⾪ڵаħʮĴˡžɮ
ΪԱһ֮ʹ췣֮֮֮
췣֮ʹɻɱϺõƹ
Ȼʹˣû뵽û񷢲£ǿʹ췣ϵͳء
һǿп췣ϵͳڣδɱһͷԪޣΪҪǿƽһ㡣
صĳͷδδţƵòŬѹ޴
֮ǰΪʱ仹ãԼΪм
ڣ¹ȥʱ䲻࣬ԼʵҲһϴߣƿٵȥҲûʲô
ԣٵȥˡ
죬ȥڿûʺϵеɱԪ޵Ǿͽˣһνôһˣ׬㹱׵㡣
Ϣһճ
˼ˣ׼ͷȴȻһϲһϤӰ
ʦ
Щȵص
ԴμСȿʼͺٿʦˣ⼸һֱԼһĬĬò֪æЩʲôҲδ֡
һΣ¿ϮһӰУΥļȻٴοʼ
ţס
ÿʱ׼ڣȻھȣһס
ôˣʦ
Щ⣬ֵʵͷԡ
㣬ڵˣ
Щʵ
󺹣ʦ㲻֪ɣ
Ǻǡ
ĪЦû˵Ͽ¿Ƭ̣䲻ص
㡭㣬ͻƵʲôˣ
Щ²⣬Ȼǲš
ΪʱΪƷδţ豹棬㣬߲㣬˲㣬Ų㣬Щ
ǿˣš
Ų㣡
صһ˿
˫УһּĹ⻪һŶ̽նԼǰգһ󵭵ز
ʦΣ֮ʣ˳ЦʱԮ֣ԼС
ȻûаԼ̫࣬ȴԼ˻õţԣԼյĳɾ͡
ˣʦĸм١
Ų㣿
õϵϳһԤϣ⡣
ôͻƾŲ㣬
ʱֻ㣬ڣ̶ʱ䲻ɹڣң˳ͻŲ㡣
ӣ䣬ԼҲԾĳɾͰ
Ҳá
ͷڵؾҪÿһȵĿʱˣҽ룬Щʱ䣬úȴΪʦϹֻ
ʱӦþͿĽȹ֮ˣ
ǣллʦ
ͻľϲһ£ʶľʹӦ
ôã㽫ˣʦžʱת´Ҵң֪䣬ţȻѾҲҪʱˡ
֪磬ֱˣ
һߣȴһû뿪ָһĻˣĻþмþʲô̶ˣ
þСɣмþֻ˶ʮ֮һ
ٻشȻȻ׼
ʮ֮һҲˡ
ûȻ֣ΪɫҲѷɫ
мüǻü죬Ƚüһҿɣ㡣
ãʦ
ҵ֣ʮָ绨ͷβʮþһһʹ˳
ݣˮзɳľ괺¡Ӱ龵񡭡
һʱʮþʹóԽԽЩ¯ζˡ
֮õ˵ͷҲ¶һ˿ϲɫɣЩҵ֮ˣм㣬ϸ˵



94 ɴŮ
á
ѵõĻᣬȻ֮ãȻȻͷӦ
ǣһ̣һ˵ãǵһһʦͽ
ʱţܰʱǶݡ
תۣǰʱ֮
ⳡܰĽϰ
ÿ佱һֹȰһתٴȥ
ԭأֽʣһˡ
ʦȥıӰȭ۾еɫָӼһЩ

ڶ죬һ磬ٴ
ȺԴʱݵλȻͨڵӼһ
ŵӣרһ䣬ֻеڵѡһ֣һʱ֮󣬲ŻٴοţŸЩͨڵѡȡ
⣬Ȩ
ĿϿٵһ飬Ƭ֮תȥ֮ϣѾɫͬ
Ул̣ϼβͬһΣɫֻһ󲿷ݣȴǿʼɫӶˡ
ЩɫǼߡ

֮ɽΧ
ϸ⣬Ҷڵ֮ϣӳǵĽâ
Ȼ䣬һصӰԾЩԣȴһֻ
ֻëһ۾ѪȴֳѪζϢžз
Ȼʱȴֻʣţһӣһ߳󲻶ϻͷȥ
Ȼһһ·͸ӰȻ֣һֻŵûз˿
Ƭ̣һ֮أܲӰͷһϲΪ죬Ҳѡ
ڴʱȻ䣬ৡһһ͸Ӱֻһԣɵȥ
漴ϵ£ϢΪ룬Ѫ졣
ԭأһƬ죬һӰȻӸ߿ջ£һЦʮֻ

֮
ɽã׷ɽ
һֻͨ죬ȴʮޣٱš
Ȼ䣬һ͸ӰȫΥƵĴԭȻ۽Ȼ
ԭأֻһĹ漴ްһѪɳȥײһɽ¡
һ͸ƾֻޣƺһ֧ء
ԭأһЦڶʮֻ

֮
ϻģɽ
һӰ·ȫΥȻĹɣںˮݺᡣ
ӰӶһֻֻӺˮг岨漴ƺһˮ
ÿһֻĵ䣬һѪˮĽ䣬գۼ䣬ˮϿգʬȺһƬĿġ
ԭأֳһ͸ӰЦһֻɣ
ȥһɫȥصأɱƽƷޣһֻȡ侫Ѫ浤壡
ǧŹ׵㣬һǮԼµͨһö
ǧŹ׵㣬һǮʲôһµͨ壬ȴǿ΢һյٶȣԼתЧʡĶ󣬴ʮϡ٣ϡ֮һҪõ֡غϣҲһ֮ϲ
͸Ӱ˵ţ漴һΣ۶ȥת۾ͲӰ
棬飬ļÿһַ£Уϣĵȡ
ÿһ֮䣬ر𣬸Ҫ˵棬飬ļ֮Ĳˡ
Ǽֱɣ뷲֮Ĳһ֮𣬿ɼ

ǧ֮⣬һ޴ıԵشΪ档
֮Уյأݺᣬ˸ҽ
ޣʮǿ󣬼ʹһЩŵӣҲԸ롣
Ϊ棬˵ҽףƽף̽ޣҲв١
ҽ׶Ӧƽ׶ӦԪ̽׶ӦѨ
ޣʹǸųҲƣӦ˵ͨˣԣﳣƧ
ֻһЩԸĥԼˣŻᵽˣһ̽
ˣҲȺӣҶС
ڴʱ˵أգȴͻȻһɫߣɫˡ
ͷδڣ彣ôһ˫֣ʩʩȻȻ뵽֮Уδϸȥһۡ
ߺ󣬺Ȼм˹
⼸ˣһһɴŮ滨꣬һɴ
༸λһ£ȴĻᵶ潣Ʋӣ߲Ϊ
ŮΪߣҲ˲ҡ
˵֮Уһ䡮ѩǿǾҸ׵Ψһҩôðոˣʵڶ֮סȥֻ֮Ҫ˳ҵѩҸףԸԱ𣬱λ
ɴŮվ֮⣬ңһƬ磬ȻǿջЦ˹һ˵
Ǻǡ
ˣƤ׳׳һƤЦⲻЦص˵˵˾жҵȣǵĳؽ֮£ô꣬ѣӲܣ˵׽ƴ󣬵Ҳһ죬һɱ۶ޣѩ㸸ףȻˣﾡɷġ
ǾͺãлλĻ˵л롭
롭
˵꣬λͷɴİṲ̊ǰһƬڷ֮С
״˶һۣԵ˵ͷһЦ漴Ҳԥ̤Уϡ



95 ټӰ
֮УУǲлϱڣʯ¡
УƮһɫ磬֮ĭ漴ɻ
ޣûһ֮С
ͻŲ֮ԸʵټԪѨֵͻƣʵͻͽѷ°ɡ
յأΧҲӵͨҽ޶ѣѲ
ֱ룬ڣҽ׶ҽ׼޽࣬ʱȺӣԸг߱ûࡣ
ڣһգͻȻ֮䣬ɫһͣ
ǰһɫĶϱڣϱǰ׷һֻƴɫޣ״󡣬ȴ
ݽܣ
ɫһͷת䣬Դ
ݽܣƽһƷޣ״ܣܿ·ɽ³ĭʴһЩΣʮѲǻƽһƷ棬ǿĴڡ
ڣϻƽϵôˣ֪еͷƽƷޣǺεǿ󣿡
ͷ˼ȴҵϣһս֮
Ƶڣ׼һһѨ֣ⳡս¶ݽܶ͸ԲС飬ǰС

һƣѪ߰ߵһ֮ء
˵أƺһƬƽԭҰţ·һƬء
͵أ۾
ǰԭ֮ϣԶһ͹Сɽ¡
Сɽ֮ϣվһӰ
ӰʱֻһСڵ㣬תˡħͫȴУһ˪ˡ
һϮ£翣ɽۣԶû֪վʲôҲûκһֻޣҿڵɽ½¡
Ȼһ̾ͷһ֦ڵд
޹޾أƺͿѻȻ˼ۣͷԷΣɫһ԰ףԺһʹ˲ħͫȻơ
ǣ
ɫ䡣
ȻֻǶ̶һ˲ǣȴƺѾͼʮ棬£Դ⡣
˵һЩʲôѨ֣ԪΪǿһŹӣŵͼǰƺҲ֮ʲôҲǡ
ǵʲôֻһۣȻ˺
ףˣԲǸͨˣȻϣȻܲ˿ĺۼƺ
ûе
ˣӰƺ
һӰԺתӰλƬȻ䣬һԺ
ڣƷ壬ػӰ
ˣͬ£ͬûеۼͬأ
ԣ
ڣȷҲԼ𾪡
Ϊʲôһ͵ˣϾȻ˿ĺۼĴṳ̂޵֮·̤ȴѾ豹棬ˣ
Ƿ豹棬ӦҲû˿ܰɣֻȫյͬһƬã֪ĵȷǲ˿
ɲˣվȴԲʮķΧһƬأ޸ڿ
⣬һȻһ
ɻ˲䣬Ȼ䣬ǵػӰӣԶɽ֮ϣתͷڵһۡ
һ̣ȻһĶ͸ĸо
ͷһڴʱȻ䣬ǻӵһ飬Ȼǰʧˡ
һ磬ȥһǲ˿Ӱ
⡭
סˣȻվȻȻһ̫źĹޣĴ
ֱһʱ֮ΪѾ뿪ԭ»ָ֣ѹŷ亹Ѿʪ͸Ĵ±
뿪Ͻ뿪棬ܴͨĵط
ϵһˣҲһ̶ֳȡ
ţԼʵڶԷ£߲һС
⣬ǲࡣ
ԪԪѨɣһࡣ

ȥʱ䣬ŴĹѹſʼ˼ػгԭ
СɽͿʲôΪʲôҪͿЩֵַ׷ЩʲôѰЩʲôߣ̽Щʲô
ʮֺ棬ȻҶʡ
Ȼ䣬ðһʮִ󵨵뷨뷨һ֣һֱԼǷӡ
ȻŲϵķ񶨣ͷ賤Ұݣ
Ŀԥ˰Σڼᶨ¶˾ģһһչֳԭ·ȥ
Ƭ֮ĥѣ;ɱͷƽ׳ޣǱزԭǱǴСɽ¸
СĴһûٿػӵӰһɣŲ΢΢ǰǴСɽϡ
ֻһۣˡ
ɽ֮ϣԭػվĵطѾһƬտҲʲôҲʣˣԭеĺۼƺǱһ縧ƽҲ˿ۼ
⣬ҵĿ̽ǰֽĺۼĨȥˣ
ֻΪʲôأҪΪʲôһϿ̻ҪΪʲôҪԼ뿪󣬿Ĩȥأ
˼תȻ䣬ѹ۾ʼȫȥ֮ǰǴҴһƳ䣬ڵϿػĺۼ
Ƭ֮Ȼ֮䣬һУöػӵԶĿ֦ȻӶһз뵽С
۾棬ƾżϸļƬϣڵϿʼͿĨ̻
ʱ谭ĵطüͷ壬ãϲ
һӣ¿֦۾µĵ棬ȴȻһ㶣˳״סˡ



96 ѩ
ǰģֲ
෴Զء
ػ֮ͼʣһڽ磬죬֪Զ֪
ڽ֮£һվ£һϮ£ü絶ͷ׷ǱˣǸղ뿪й֮Եػӡ
ֻǣ֮ǰͬͷɫһ˪ѩˣһȴǷ绪ꡣ
ֽȻͬķò˵ʲô
ⷽ߾ţƺھϱڣֵʲô
ϸ˼Ȼȥһʱɺá
ΨһܿǣЩͼƺƽϣң֮ơ
ȻʹǻۣҲЩͼʲôȥƽǰǷϱڡ
Ȼһ紵һ⡣
ͣǽģ֮Уȴˡ
Ȼһعңܣȴֲԭ֮ϣѾ²ޣΣء
һ֮ϵкۼʱĨ𣬶һԶݶȥ
һ浽ζʲôػ֮Ķӵʲôã٣ʱǿ׵ġ
Ҳӵ˺ػһΪһ۽磬ܿ壬ܿöˡ
ʱҲյһ֮ԵͽΪ⿪պصĻʯˡ

֮
Ȼ֮䣬һذһֻʺֻ۵Ŀֲޣ׷һӰϴڡ
ӰȻʵ΢۾ԶͷޣȻٶȾˣʱӥߣʱʣת֮䣬ȻͷϷˣС
Ƥ񣬰ӰʱȴãһһҲֻн֣˭Ԫľ֧
Ȼ˭Ҳûϵ˰Σֻۼǰ֮˲ãȻءһμݣΪһӰ籼ȥ
󣬰Ӱ׷֮һҲҵ׷ȥ
ٶȶ쳣ˣֻգۼ䣬Ųʮ룬ۼԽԽ
ڴʱǰһŹֵĶѨкɫˮҺγ죬ӰȻͣסŲӦ˲
ǺɫѨУӦһӴϢԶѰԪޣֻǻԪڣ۷塣
áﻹһͷ޵ϳ߻ϣҵʻʧܣһã
Ӱ۾һԭЩԥľ˲üᶨ۾У͸һĨ
ֻ˫ĿʶͨʶʱһϽӡţԺ֮вת
ٴε췣֮
ǿƿ췣Σһ񽫹ΪٴǿпѶȼӱǷȷҪ
һϣأӣãȻʶ
ȷ
ɫ΢ףȻǲ˼ԥص
׼ͨ
ϣصʧȻ䣬ģֳһ͸ˮ顣
񷣣ˮ֮
ˮ鼱ת˲ǧɣŭΣһ˲佫ֻԪУˮѹͬḥ̂ѹ
ͷԪްһȻ䣬һѪɢ
һ̣һŭƵĿֲ촫ɫѨУһһͷͷ޸ҪӴöĿֲޣȻԾһ磬ֱӳŭ˶
á
ɫ䣬μˣһ֣ˮ鼱С·һ裬ԾͷֲſС
һ֣һУУʱһɢžӨϹѡ
ѳԼһߣͨ͸ϼһɻϢ
ڴƴ
ꡭ
ƷڶȻͷֲ£ȻһɫȦ
ȦԽԽԽԽͷԪסá
ΪΣ
ɫһɣ漴Ȼ֮ɫһ񷣣ˮ֮
䣡
һ죬ڣȻͬʮ»̥һ˲һӿȵˮ֮ƺƵһ
һ̣Ѫĭ׷ɣԭͷȻŭĿֲޣڶ⣬һ˲ըûҷ
ԭأֻһԼǰ۾вʵġ
ȻףΪʲôһöͨͨˮ飬Ȼټ
һɣϲɫͬʱһȻԺ˲佫õ÷顣
Ĵǿٻ췣֮ǰڣɱһͷѨޣΪ½㣬ڶֱͨĨɱ
ʾɹɱԪޣһֻԪޣһֻԭ췣ƶɹɣѾע⣬ƶ񳬶ɣƹ١
֪֪ͨͨƹز㣬貹䣬ƹΪ֮ʱǿٻ췣֮ʧԪ٣ߣֱĨɱǡ
Ѩޣǲ̽ף
һЦ૵ȻԤϣûԤϵص˹̶ȡ
һûɣֱ½㣬ûɣ˶ҪֱĨɱ
ҪʵȡͻƻԪˣʹѨʱҲûһս֮ˣǱ
ңԼĸҲòˣȻδζҪǿٻ췣֮ôȥԼ꣬Է٣ʱԹˡ
ˣ£ȿͷޣʲôûУ
һ̾һչתѾͷĵطȥƬ֮ʧ顣
ͷ޶Ѿ췣֮ը÷飬ȫʧƤûһҪʲô޲ˡ
ɫһŤͷղͷԪֵĵط
˵ֻôΪʲôһֻʳһֻȴزֻеȴΣʱԾȣ
ѵػʲô
Ȼ䣬һѾ£ǺɫѨ֮ԾһͷԪԾĶѨ֮ǰ
۾Ȼһ
Ϊǰһ͵İ׹⣬ҫʯһǣŰ׹ϸȥȴһֻƴѩͨ崿ףȱϾɢһɵƢ
ѩ



97 ¥׷ϣ
ͷϲ
Ȼ
ҩֺ죬Ρ
һƷƷΪҩƷƷΪҩ
ھ֮ϵõƷеҩҶһƷҩ
ѩ˿ѷɫҶ˵ժһƬĹЧ
ڵתŲɶõá
ȡ£뿪
ûжԥǰִӻͳһСС񵶣ѩ΢΢һ࣬һ£һöɢŵľӨС
һתûת⴦عĺɫѨ֮ȥ

Īص֮У磬Ԥƻ֮ɱȥ
Ѿɱɣ췣ƶҲɣѾ
Ŀǰֻ뾡췵ţϽȻչأȡһͻʮ㣬Ԫڡ
ΪĵоУĿǰʵԶԶ㡣
ҪﵽԪǧ֮һϣȻʹðΣգǿٻ췣֮Ҳˡ
ΪԪµ췣֮ǶԸѨ޵ģžɮȻ£ҲŰ벽ѨΪ
Ѩ벽Ѩ֮䣬֮𣬸Ҫ뷲ˣϵĲ
ΨȽӡһϣĿ꣬
һʱ֮Ѿ뿪ģΧȥ
ڴʱأУһ
ţ
һתһһӣͷһ󣬶ǰһɽ߿ȥ
׳ʻΣһɴŮΧУмл֮ƣ϶¶ƵЦݡ
ȺУΨһİɴŮ¶ŭе㣬ǡ
ҴҸ׵Ϊʲôȴ˼رǿеġĵ
ٺ٣޴СŮΪԸޣѩ𣿾ƾ⼸СӲݣζԸ˻ԪڣԪڵޣǲʲôǿɻûл
ǰǰдǰδѵĺþδȣѵŮû棬ôΪǸ˺׽̵ϵҲȥΰڲΪ㾡ȫ֮򵽵ĵֻҪߣôҲֵʮƽһ֣Ҳÿӵˡ
ٺ٣ҵĲƸǿǴѾˣһֱȲᣬڴʱˣٺ٣ο㻹ôӡС㣬ҪԹԽĵɣ㲻
ôУ
һ涼ӣȴа֮׳ǰŮȴٺٵЦ
ҪôҲˣ˺׽̣ʲô·ʱһͷɿڵ˶ֻܱ˺׽ˡǾľô꣬ʲôôҲûõˣ糢һʣҲôЧңΣˮ
㡭
׳ΧмɴŮŷʱĿѣȫû뵽ƽԼ糤ȻһĿʱд󺧣־־壬Գ˳滨ꡣ
ԣһԥһ¡
ǱΪ˶ĵԸ֦
ʱӵĽ֮󣬿һܣžˡ
ֿɴŮõΣѩɵļ·𴵵ơ
ٿɴ΢¶һԲļ°ͣˡ
޲۾ͬ¶׹⣬δϣĬϡ
һ£ɴŮ׾ˣ¶Ȼ֮ɫ뻳УͳһɫСҪ򿪡
ڴʱȴȻɫ䣬һȣ¶ĵ
漴һӵϣŮܵһΧ
Ȼʵʤˣ˫ȭѵ֣ټһŮͲ֧ľִʧ£ȻʵʮȥܿͱƷ¡
һЦһȥеĶĵһһѳɴ¶һֻɵա
һȴֳǰȥкٺٴЦ۾ǿѽĹâ
ɴŮ־֮ɫԸ裬һҧҪҧԾ
á
˿һĻͬʱ˲϶ᵤæһУҪΡ
ڴʱһŭĴȻ𣺡޳֮Ị̄
ŻһɱĻӰȻ֣гһϾѣȻһûĵӰͬʱ׳Ķ񺺡
಺ͬʱû뵽˱䣬תһȣСӣ£
Żһ𳯺󹥻
˵ʵҲ߲ͣΪҲһɲС
ȻУȴٳ֮ʢŭ֮£й˵ӰϪ֮ͬʱ顣
ԭأһӰ¶ȴһվɡ
ŵģĸǿСū
վŵģȴУһ£ƮȻѩͷɫٻֵĸ䵭Įӡ

ߵɴŮǰ鿴˰Σָۣ
ɴŮһѪܻӣۺᣬӯӯݵ
֮ŮߣлӾл빫Դߴ⼸ͽʽл
á
΢΢һЦҲ뿴ôתһߣ˫һ̯ʾ㡣
ɴŮһȻߵūǰۼʱѾһڱѪף·ͷͷɵڵһܶ
ͷѯһۣȷʾԼֻ֣Թ֮󣬵һơ



98 ¥׷У
Ҫ
ū־֣һθо˿ֻţһɫ䣬סģ
ȻȴͬδɫľȻȻ¡
Ǿƣһ֮棬ū֮һӶѪҲҶūͬʱƺһ֧أ۾УвţԹɫ
ȻҲûԤ뵽Լ˾ȻһŮ£˵ıû˿֮
ȻֲţԹɫڰɴŮУȴδ
ӯӯתٴķϥ£лӾ֮£ûպزҴǣ
Ǻǡαؿ
ЩЦһصǰŮһʱֲ֪δ֮ģ
Ҫ˵ū۹£ȷʵɱûһֵͬ顣
ȻһŮ񺺣ȴ˿Ҳޣµ˸ɴ䣬·ĸӲݣͬЩ֪롣
ЩɣҲߣԼ˼ʽ⣬ͬ
ԥһ£Թڲᣬˣ˵Ҫѩ
ţô֪
ɴŮߺʵ
һЦǰ·֪֪ҪѩΪã
һԣ߶ʱȻ£ãŵͷһһ
ԭңԭǷһʮ־޴ļ壬ļңǷĴ塣
Ҽ٣壬ſͣۼӵʵµˣв١
ǳʵֻҪԸڸģΪҰ£һŲܣö֮̾ӣȷʵҡ
һΣһλſͣ˵سĺ׽̣׽ſľȡ
ԭӦſ͵˽ԹԶǷǣΪл񼫡
ңţ˼ȣңݡ
ȻٲûаſͽܹǷǣһ£Ӵ׽̽ԹЩſ׽̵սУ˵ˣʮȥš
ģͥ䣬˶֪׽̽Թһɢ´ſͣҲ¶ĿѵͷԷɣ׷ȥ
º׽̳ԹſҲһ֮زز֪١
ʣȻֻʮ༸ͨſ͡
ЩſУԸղµūʵߣΪ߲㡣
ԭ߻ΪĹΣѹͷңһֱǾȻΪϵĵ
ĵѪ衱һʹãȼԼȫѪʵ˲伤һֹ
ֵҩ֢ҲʮأʹһΣ֮ڣǷˡ
ˣֵҩʮ
㾡ȫ֮ҲŻţԭ׼Կ׽á
к׽̶ƣж̱Բѣ˲伱תֱ£ֱӷɢ
Ϊȸ˵Ψѩɽ丸֮͵͵صĵȡߣټΪǿλſͣһͬǰΪ׼֮У¶ĵɱͷޣѩ丸
ֻ˭Ҳ룬֮⣬ĹһҪΪҸ;أѵ֮УۼˣԽǰϵԽǿΣգȻ¶Ŀ֮⡣
ҲԼ뱳۹£뽫еĵȡߣȥС㡣
ĵѾĲƸֵʮ𣬺ôó
οԷĿĲԼ֮⣬Ȼƴκ˫ȭѵ֣ԼֲЩḻС˶֣Ȼס¶ĵĻҲޡ
ҪҧԾҺʱϵסˣ
˾ȻмĪѯʣҲ˿һһ˵
꣬Ҳֻԡ
Ȼֻóһ˥м˴
һȻΪҼٵĸ߷ڣѵͷȴ˼Ա£ֻϧһλ֮ˡ
ΪǰλСТĿɼΣֻ˲ҵΪȻΪ˾ȸף͸Ҵ̶Ѩһصء
ȴΪūеŭھãأʵҲòԩˡ
̾ϣ˵ͷԭˡ
һִӻȡһУǰ򿪣㿴ʲô
һĿУһʱԡ
ֱ򿪣Ŀ䵽֮ϣ棬һ䴿ףȱϾѩɢ΢΢İ׹⣬˱ǣƢ
⣬ǣҩѩ
һʱӣ΢ţ𾪣̶ִϲһþ޷
ı飬΢΢һЦ֪֪ôڣЦҿȸУТĿɼΣˣԸһƬ㸸ף֪Ƿ㹻ˣ
߼æͷ˹ˣ׽֮Ȼǿ󣬵ѩҩΪǿһС㹻
ݳ˼ҹ֮ױ㵽ǰһȻٴΡͨһ򵹣
֮δܱѩȸ߲֪α𣬻ţб𣡡
ˡ
һЦָһ֮УССһƬʢһУݵɴŮǰ
գﻹ𣬼ȥɣԵԵպȻٻᡣ
˵꣬һݣתȥ
˫УһʱѣбΪ֮գã˾Լһ֮ԼҪ֮ȻҲϡ
ңԼѯʣͷ·֪Լһ㣬иһ̣ߴԭأ˫ֲѡ
ֱҪȥŻعæһ
һعͷͣ½Ųʵô
Ȼ֮ɫֽװаƬѩ뻳УȴִӻͳһССĺɫݵǰ



99 ¥׷£
ǣ
ɻʵδȥӡ
߽͵ΪҸµĶĵһöղūǣȥǮô֮Ը۶ޣѩѩѵ֣ҲˣתӣΣͷõš
ԣʱףĵ֮ǰ˵ıѪˣ֮Ը׽̣ԶԸ۶ޣṵ̄ͼģȴֵľ޴Ƹ
ڣȴתְ㾡ȫҼҲƵĶĵתԼ
ûȥӣüͷ˵ʵڲãҸѩһƬТĿɼΣû˼Юͼˣ²ᣬȥҲ
˵꣬һչٴȥ
Ȼߵһ仰ȴһ˲ͣӲԭء
ӲĵߴӴҹвԽ𣿡
ͷߣãʵ治ˣ˶ĵȫƲˣ˵㸸֮㲢ûȨѩȥҽκ㸸ףպ磬úɡʵѰ׽̱𲻳١
ߺȻһЦģȻʩͼҸŮȴܲ𣬲Ȼ죿ĵȻ󣬵ʵҲˣǶǺ׽̵Ķ֣˷ȥض䲻ҹԶݡڹӣȴԽΣѩҲյ̤ʵҹҹߡˣ빫£ȻѩҲˡ
˵꣬һ֣ǸɫС֣ȴ½Ǹװаѩ˳ݵǰҪѡ
⡭
һԥ˿Ǽᶨɫջһ̾Ϣ֮ϵĺɫСԶȥ
Զڣ˵ΧΣգѩʹʱ˵֪Ǽ뿪ΪáԵټΪ֮
˵ϣӰţá
Ƭ̣ٲš
վԭأȻѡ
ȻһŲ߻Ϊϲͷȴ֣һİӡ
ֻǺЦ֣˳ãһɱϣաСҹǾ棬ɼңڷʵڱԸҷ׷¥պбý֮Ļᣬһ׽̣ʲô
׷¥
һʱȻԭʮ־ģ£Ϊĸۿˣۼ뿪ųѩ뾹ȻǳҪΪͽ
ˣֻĿǳһϢ¶ԨȻȸոռҪǿ֣ѹּʹҲδ
׽䡰ۣȻɲ֪¥ʲôط׷ʲôˣȻͷӦãʦ
˵꣬˫ϥ£ӿͷаʦ֮һҲˮ
״¶ɫ΢΢һЦҲûֱֹϣŹһЦһ˦˲ΪߣȻû˿֮㱻
ֻһЦˣǱΪʦ߰ɣȴȥ򣬽㸸ףȻҵһ죬ţ꣬һ꣬ӣ
˵꣬һ˦סһۣ·Ƽһ㣬ȥٶȾȻ֮Ҫ֡
ʵɲ⣬¥׷ʲôˣ
ڿУܵһƽսȻͬĸܣȻȴ޼֮ɫϻͷʧ뿪ķ
ֱһģٲɼǲͷ
Ȼ֪֮ţһ죬ټġ
һһҹ֮ʦٴλص˷
󣬳ź׽ΪˣΨһĻԪҲжԲѣи֮ʱ׷׵ı㽫پȳͬһߡ
ҹĪ𣬷Ĵ֮һңӴ˳
һº֮һȻ⣬Ϸ쳾¥һڵӡߡ

ǳ۵糸ҹۡ
֮ص
֪Լ뿪з飬Ҳ֪һŮоһ˿ΣգȻͬʲɿ죬ȴûд뷨
Ҳ֪һպһʲôĸ֡
ص֮ûԥȥϽԼӵȡ֮󣬻صͭ
ҹ
㺮
¹£ֳһö壬ϸϸ
ö壬ϵһУһö飬Բ⻬
ģоһ˿˿ɣͬĽߣִġ
⣬ͨ𣿹Ȼ
죬ɣֺȻöΪͨƽµҲʮֲ
ʹ֪Լ𵽵òǧ֮һ֮һֻǱˮнҲ㹻ˡ
ΪԪ񣬱͵Уһٽȡɫ񣬻ǧŹ׵㣬һǮá
һöµͨĳ֣ȴǴ֮ϲˡ
䣬һ΢Ц



100 ֮
һ㵭׵һΣȷʵоĽչƽʱ
Ȼһԣջۣ֮£ҲһСĽչˡ
ͨ壬ȻЧµˣ֪󣬸ģеȣϵȣΣ
תۣ¹ȥȥȻشף¶Ҳ
Ǵδڻ壬Ϊƽʮ㡣
νʮ㣬⻯֮ǽԻһֶΣҲǵš
һ׶Σѣ΢ѷɫͻڰ˲㣬أھŲ㣬ڸеѶȡ
һ㵱ȻҲûôףھŲѾټãڣҲֻǽܵһ㱡Ĥ
ʱţԼ֮ڣҲڵ
һ죬ù߿ټУа
˳£˳һࡣܲܳɹҵϹһ
ʦȥˣȻԥȰ˵Ҫðգȴ˵Ȼ׼Ѿɣô󹦷ھͷ̫;ϡ
ңЩ׼Ķа˳ɵģҵϹŴ˵еƽ
ʵȰ費ãҲֻΪˡ
֪ʦǲҵ
ǣһ񣬿ֶ顣
ΣֻϣʦҪʲôʣȻһӶ޷ԭԼˣ
ʦһҪƽûҺ޵ΪʲôҪ쿴޷ֹأ
ȻٶҲֲˣֻܵȴ
̿ʱУͻƵŲ۷壬ʮ⻯ֻֻŵľ롣
ʱʼÿȴ⣬ȴʦõĹΪ˵ʱ䣬ԽԽˡ
һ죬졣
תۣʱȥ
һ죬ʦٻӰδ֡
еʦǧҪ£òϹҲһҪƽǧ°
ֹȥ¡
ɿ㺮ܿ죬һ֮ڶȥˡ
ֹ졣
һʧ߻ط䣬ʧǣȻճ¡
ڶ賿һ֮ͭȴȻ֣һӰȻɣվƽʱϲվĵط
ӰعͷǿЦһ£ȴϵľݺƣ
Ǿ֣ģһöﭺ׾棬Ĵӳһ׵Ӱָ£ɢĪĹâ
ǣϹ
һţۿȴ΢죬ӭȥʦ
ҲҵˣûȥúֻҪʧ䣬ӦҲЩ۹͵ķˡ
һص
ǣллʦ
ϵĽӹʵû뵽ʦҵ
ֽ֮䣬ûж࿴һĵؿãʦˣ
΢΢ЦЦڰ֣û£һСˣ¼ãҲҪ£㲻Ϊ˵ģ֮󣬺ú㱨ɡ
Աϣȴ͵³һѪɫ԰ףϢɢ֮ܽȥˣȴΪ֮ġ
״ɫأȴ֪Ӻθο
ü״һֹ֣ѯʣʵˣһ£зʲôûУ
֪⣬ȴҲֻ֮תƻ⣬صʦµޣֻż֮飬ʦֻˣ
ʦ֣
һ㶣漴Ӧ˹һ˼飺ף
ǵġص
ô᣿
ԭֻһʣ뾹ȻʳĵϢüɻʵʲôˣ
ԥһ£˿õɫǲڵ˵ʦ֣ڡڿϱڴܴ졭ΪȫʧǱ˻ţֻǣû֪ϢǼ١һЩϣȥһȥˣûҵʦֵӰ˶˵ϢǼٵģʦ֣ôܱ˷ϵΪ˻ţ֮ӣĵһ֮ס
ǰϢȷƺš
Ҳһ֣޷粻ˣ˵ûһɣû˻ĪµģȻʹңҲôš
˵⣬Ȼתͷ֪λʦ֣һʲôˣУһ㣬¼֪أ
һȻ˰Σֻ֪ϯӣ֮׻ȺǰžʬҲǵģҾͲ֪ˡ
Ǻǡ
һЦףʮ󶥷Уܳһˣʮǰǰ벽ѨΪһսʤʱţȵһӡ
£һ֮ǵʱųơšе⼸ˣҲǿ֧УͲжܡ
ȹֱͻѨǰϱ֮ˣôȥʹδͻƷҲѨڣѨڣһųϡ
һλڣ·ǣôô;زۣ˷ϵΪģ
˵½ܷϵûмУҲ־͸Ǹ߰ӣˣԸɱҲΪϣ˻ŵġ
ԣӦôҥ⡣
ˣȲ˵ЩЩˣȻȥϢϴϹȥúȡ֣գͻƵʮ㡣
ʱ֮ڣ²Ҫңҳأ
ǣʦ
Ӧ
ԣһΣֱͣǰʧӰ٣·һ磬ҲͻȻȥҲͻȻ
ȥıӰУȻӿһ˿ů
ףʦΪ˸ԼȡϹ˵ģȴԸԼǰ¶ԼΣǿѹ£ֱ뿪Լ
Σ¶㣬˾ʦģΣһҪ뵽취κơ
ҡ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬뵽һ£۾һ
ǳһǰʥҩΪҩˡֵ񱨳񻹲ͣŹ׵㣬ҩȫһаš
ڵ񼶱ӦǴﵽɫǵĵز
ȻΪʲôһ򵥵ȴߴɫǣһֱûԸӡ
ǰ¾Σȥû˽ȡԼͽȽ
Ҳӡҩˡز֪ԼʦƵط



101 浤壬ʥҩ
ڶգ峿
ٴ
У߸ߵʯǽʯǽ֮ϣһʯڣʯ֮ϣϵ£˽ǧ
УߵɫǣҲ͵ĻɫһǣѶȴӻɱѨ޵ӱȵȲȡ
д󲿷ݴ˿̶ǻɫġ
ȻΪһ֮ûи£ԣҪôѣûԸҪôף̫û˿ϡԲŴ
ĿϿѰһ飬ܿ죬Ŀ䵽֮ףϡ
ɫǰʥҩΪҩˡزƴһ¡񱨳꣺һһǧŹ׵㣬ҩȫһаš
Ǽˣ
Ȼ
ϸȥֹȻǼۣ棬ǽȡֶֻǣûһˡ
ѹһֱô
һ֣һʥҩΪһҩʦһ£ôѣʴӱкܵľţһ޲ߣ
ţҲû̫ϡ
һͨѣȻߴɫǣܳԼɣ
ңԼΪԼʦƶһѣʲôԼһɾǡ
뵽ˣԥ˲ǰԼһ
ʱ֮϶һѶϢѾ¡
漴ǲһ㶡
Ϊעƺ󣬷ֳҪʱޣ⣬Ȼͷ
ʱޣδɣ۳׵ǧ㣬ңħһ¡
ȥġ
֪ԼӵȻ˷ḻҲ˼򵥣ȴƺ˿ˡ
ѵʮֲ
۳Ź׵ǧ⡭ȻԣҲˣǿԽܣƲ֡
⣬ħһ£ģ
ħʲôط
вһͬʱһɻ
תߵͬʱȻԣס
ף쿴Ǹ񣬾Ȼʧˣ
ʲôʲô񣿡
ȣһҲģν񣬾ҵĵ񰡣ɫǣ˽һˡҲ˱źһ뷨ΪǸʲȥˣͻƼݣһֲԸǮҲԸȥˣºڴһ¡
ôֲǻ˽ӣ
ǰĸŵĵӰɣֻ˲ܱƭ
ٺ٣˲֪ʥҩҩ˵Ŀֲǿ֪֮ꡣҪùˣ֪ߵغ񣬽´˵顣µɾֻ¿޶޲ˡ
Ǻǣϧһӣ˻أҪùˣùˣҪǮˣ̾
꣬ҵкιϵȥɡ
ţˣҿʮ񲻴ɣһ£ɣ֡
ãߣ
ƣһˢʱһɫ֮ʧǵʮš
ͷȥȻ֣ܵˣղһۣͨȫ׷׳ʯϿȥһ۾
ԭǽ֮õɫΪԼղŵĽȡѾֻɫʧʧ
С⡱һѵԼӵһʮֿӵ񣬲Ȼ˷ʺˮ񲻻类ͷֵõԼ
ǣֲ񰡣ݣʮּ򵥣ѲɣݣʲôԼûĵط
һ󲻽⣬漴Цˡ
ˣ
ʦΪңȥΣĪߣΪ֮ǰҪǰ׼£ԼΪʦƣһСС񣬶ҽ
Ǹҩˣôֲ
ˣô࣬ˮͣڣȥ浤壬ʥҩ󣬿˵
뵽⣬ԥתҲû˵ۣЦ
ܿ죬һ֮壬׳ΰͬһľ޷֮¡
֮浤塣
һػϢǶ˷壬һ׻ĸо
£嵤¯һʯ̻ζ
ĵ㣬ĵ쳹ܣżЩʯУһը¯죬ʧˡ
ЩҲöôȣȻǴ˷ƽ˼ˣƬʱֺ󣬸֮ϵָʾ߹հ˹գ÷嶥һʮƧĶ®֮⡣
®һʯ֮ϣªȻɭϣſڣһ޴ľƣſˡ
ʥҩ󣡡
ӣǷĹص㡣
ûжԥֱ߹ȥû®洫һŮӵǰ𣿡
ɻ˲䣬һɣϣȴִһ˿ͷȻͬҹף˻꣺ͷʲôʱڣʲô£л˵ƨţ
ŮӵԱø΢ˣƺִߣСʵʹǰԶҧ촽ʲôţ
ߵʲô֢״
ŮЩ˼ػش𣺡Ǻʹ
ߵȻȻŭֻ洫һƷӵ죬ƹॡ
漴̵ĵҩӲ®֮зɳһŮӱͷܵĴܳ󻹸һѵƿ
߷ŭʹԶţ쳹浤壺ϣҩҽؼҵɣ
飡
ŮԶˣͷҲһһ¡
ɽ£һЩ浤ӵĹЦȻ˸ȥϹͷĻ룬Ҳǻòͷˣٺ٣

ÿô˵ģùϰˡ
Ƭʱֺ̳ɢعͷŲ®ƿŷ쳯ȥֻһλ׺ӵߣӵ۵ŭ
ƣҲ֪Ʒʲô֮Ǵ̱ǡ
һ̣Щףĸ֣ʲô˼ˣ
Уһ£
Ȼ䣬شһ



102 ҩ˹ز
Щԥĵڣ®УߵȻ𣺡Сӣ͵ôãҲҽģ
ԣ㾪ѹֵģ
æ߽ȥִϽ»ƣص˹ȥ
ţ
һ˿⣬ֽӹУƬ̻񣬵ͷƻû뵽˸ҽʥҩѵãѵá
Ĭͷ
ܲ˵ΪģأʶŽڡ
ţֻҪ仰һ˵ӣ϶еĻҪʹ༸֡
ٺ١
׺ͷҿԽԽ⣬Ƭ̣һƣãˣûҴ¯ءȰҰѵ¯һ£ٰ顭
һɣ¯򵥣òûôѰȺŪȥ˵
߹ȥ
®һǣڷһ޴ͭɫ¯ܵĻƸϨ߹ȥߵķԸȹرյػڣҪȥǵ¯ǡ
飡
һ졣
ûϵʮͻȻľ޴ըȻ®һ޴ըУȻըķѡ
ƺϣƽƽһƣͳ˲®ɫʯһ֮ϣЦеؿš
ԭأֻĿ飬Լһڻңȫ屾Ŀؿǰ
ԭ⣬塭
һ뵽ӣҪһ£͸ˡ

ɽ壬ԣƮֻУֻ
һУεҩը¯ؽβ®ææ£Ϊ߶ܵȡõҩݣһ̿С
УεҩһкʱһθֱƤһ˹ȥһʱ֮ѹ
һѹͿһһЦеؿлһźںĵҩͣ˵ǽҩ
һ£һ˹һ߸ߣԶߣæصˡѾûˡ
˵û£ص֮˰ҹǿָһ˿ԪǺ޾
ӣʲôʱǸͷ
Һãȥʱ򣬹ǿڵôңֻʥҩ˷ʽ߿˵һѵõĺϢ
ſ¯һΣֻҪһɣУ㾡ɾĵκԼ顣
֮һҪȻ㶮ġ
ᣬ˵һ죬棬͵ȹ˵ɣʵڲԸˣͷۡ
ʱһһȥתۣӣ͹ȥ졣
У®ͷҩԶ壬ˣҩҩ֮
һΣóһֻЫӣһߣ̷ȥҺӦæҡͷܳһξ룬˵Լ˰죬Ūȥ
ڣУͷԹϿ֣Ҳԭô
ʱԳٵ֣Ҳܵ˵ĳͷˡ
һҹھص壬ǸһʦԼöɫָϹˡ

ҹϡ
ʢĵҹһƵϢ
ԼĶУ֣ͳǰýöϹ
༴ǿԼʹ˳Ӧ˵Ϊ
ͷԼһĨΪ˴ʦˣĿǰ鲻ȻС¡
񣬴ڵ֣ܲúù۲죿
УСһֳĸо·ѹһ̩ɽ
ڵָ¹£ɢĵĹâм䴦ǵ׵Ӱƺ˹˸
⣬Ǵ˵еϹô
СĽ𣬶ʳָ֮ȥ
ͣ
ָһָĴȻȫ׽ȥ֮󣬾ȻһӰ⣬˿Ϸ죬ǡôһ˿϶
⡭
һȡ
漴͸оһϢһ˫һд󶨡
Ч
Ȼ֪Լǲʦÿ˵Ǹ©޺壬ʣʹǣҲ̫ࡣ
öϹԽԼ⡣
˫ĿһԪϢָ⡣
۷ţָ⣬һºĻϢ
ƻϢʱеţԽԽԽԽ죬ºΪ˰죬תΪ˵ϡ
һ߳ĻâһǰΪ롣
Ȼâһ֮ȴʮֲȶƬ̣žһѡ
Уԣ
Ϲоһ£ƽʱЩ·ܵСһ㣬ѱĵһƺһεڹ涨Լǡ
ЩСȻɻңɱϾѾʼһܣҽԽԽԽԽ
һΣâСΪָҼƬ̣Ϩ
Ϸ
дϲǳȥһʶʳָ֮ϵöԲ֮ϣǽһصĿռ䣬һɢҵĵȫۣ£Ϊһָ
͡
εĵѾֻĴָϸԭǿ˲֪١
ĴΣΣΡ
ڼ䣬ҲʧܣģȴǳɹңԽԽõķչ
ʮΣ
Ѿܹɹ۳ɿС
ʮΡ
ָ۳ĵϸ롣
ʮ˴Σ緢˿ƿʯ壬һָƣ¶һĴָСС
⣬Ӧþ۵ļ˰ɣ
֪滹ûиߵľ磬оѾͷˡ
ֻеϹһܸһǴ˵еġ֮
Ҳ˵ԽƶĵһƷ볬Ʒķ롣
ڣӦÿˣ
ĬĬ룬۾ϲɫ
Ϊ壬ʹĥ꣬룬񳯣ȻΪһʱõĹۡ
Ȼ֪һժ٣Լֽԭͣ٣ʱһԸ
ϧֱʱŷ֣ԼȻһŽ
⻹ô
һռΡ
漴ֲ۾һˣ˭˵Ҳὣ
֮ǰɽйڼžɮϣҲǵõһĪĽף
ȻǱûзƤܱղڼžɮϵĶأҲǷ
磬
˼һ˲¶ģȫԼʶС

ܵһɹĽ
ʶУһʮһССˣÿһжһ佣бش̳
档
ÿһСһ·ΪһӰ棬ɻ׾һִζ
Ϊ
ߣضΪԵΪǣΪ˫ۣ޼ߡ
һ֣Ī衣Ҫģһǰնһеơ
׽
ȻûѧûмԼžɮϣûзƤ֪ĽȴƺһЩͬ
ƺעؼɣ෴ģһ˵ζ
ζ




103 
һ۴ɫҹѾ¡
һʱ
һʯң㺮⣬ںһСУһһľʼ·ڿʼһ
Ԫľǰַɢ޷ĸоҲ֣෴ʮԲת⣬ͨ磬Ȼ֮ǰͬ
оԼ֮תһȦϹٵԼеľУһһʽ޲ؾأ
ȻȴΪܵ˸š
һһ̳谭෴ȻԲȴܾȱһʲô
һ㡪ꡱ
һ㡪塱
֮ǰֵĵطһ㣬⾳
Ҳ˵壬
Ƭ̣δаǣֻǴͨʽȴҲӲͺһСľҿһ㣬ʽкã
˲
ǣĲʺ
˼룬һγİ֮С
ˣвãһ죬һҵŽ̲صİء
֪Ҳãɴ಻׷ѹصʯңתȻľķ
Ϲ֣һιȻоԪǾţһ㣬壬ǰɢ룬ĳɱٶȴ
ϲɫӲҵٶȣܹ
ڻع˵ķ룬ʹϹԼ֮ֲ©޺©ٶȵãʲô鵤ҩѼˡ
Լͻʮ⻯ʱ䣬ǰ˼֡

ʱ䣬һǰʥҩҩ˴æ֣һתϹĬĬԼھŲ㾳磬ͬʱΪʮ⻯׼
żʱ䣬Ҳᵽ㺮СУһὣоһֱûջҲǿת
գۣʮʱһζ
ʮʱУϲ´һǣưŬ֮ǰɹͻƵھŲ㣬ڸУ׷ʵ
ڶϲ£Ҳйͻƣӳ´ǰɹͻڰ˲㣬û˶á
ò˶ʱ䣬׷ˣΪԪһ죬ڵʱ̡
ʥҩҲӽβ
ڿʼӵȴԽʼѡ
㣬ɽȥڡ齧ġβҴһͰı̱ȪҪ
㡭ǰȥǧһСݡĿʯ˳ΪǰħɽѰһ֡鹽
ǧǵã鹽ԣһֻ׼ƽ׵ޣºػŶֻȡУ
ͷԷڣһ죬ææһΪȡЩҩͷһ䣺ˣЩҩûɶãȥˣɵǮΪȥǧһСߡĲҶˣ
˿ͷѾᡣ
ȻΪʦƣˡ
ǣٴҹۣһθǧ򣬽ͷҵҩȫ۳ȻһꡰߡĲҩҩǮȻҪ٣
ڣӣһһȥȻʮѰҹͷÿεҪ󣬶ȫһҪҩ´ΣԶֵƷʱ䡭
ܱڵ˶һȦǣӲҧ
ͷеϲɫԽԽŨ
תۣȥ
һ죬ģǰصʦá
ɫɲ԰׶ȴȵʱ΢оһ˿
΢΢һЦʵˣҸһöϹʹõˣЧ
һʦ״ֱ̬˳ǿ£ͷеģʦӷٶȴѾҪͻʮ㣬⻯һգ̫á
š
õ˵ͷȻʲôʵ͵Щˣ
ǵͷҡͷ˵󲿷ãȴ֣һŽôҲѧᣬ׼ʦأһ
Ŷ
õ˵ͷЧͺãⷽȴû̫ˡһȻһǿ壬ȴעؽʦУҲûһõóֵĽˣڽ֮һҲδԡ
һ룬ƺʧЦһطƼȥǾȷһѡǰ޽ľ飬콣һЩϣĵãԿһͨܵõջ񡣲УҪ׵㣬һ㣬ֻԼŬȡˣʦڵλߣⷽû̫㡣
ԣ۾һ콣峤ϣ޽ĵáˣȻ⣬Щˣ϶ȥһ޽һҲҵؽڡ
ڴ֮ǰһֱ㣬üʶ㣬Ѿʥҩ֮¸һ䣬ԼһС
ʦƣ
뵽ʥҩ̲סĵʺһ䡣
û£İɣγ㵣ģҪչһʱ䣬£꣬ʱУúҪΪʦϣҳ֮գͻƵԪԪڣܵƣҲֵãʲôˡ
ǣʦ
ǿᣬ֪ǲģǿѹƣҲʮУƲûãԶ񻯡
¶ģһҪͻƵԪͬʱʥҩͷ鵽ʦƵԭѰҵƽ֮
ʹǸٿۣ࣬ټѣٿֲҲһҪȥ
֣־ʤԼһҵⷽκʦġ
ò֪еľ˵һλƺЩƣҡҡλΣȻԸͣһᣬĵģȴֺµµھΡ
ˣֻǿƣ˵ˣʦҪȥչˣ㲻Ҫǣȥúǣʦٺúý
˵꣬Ҵȥ
״ɫԼ㡣



104 ħ
ʱˮ
ڣһ죬ʥҩʱޡ
ʱ֣ͷ󺹣һöɢȳζĵҩУȻдҩԣεȥ֮
㷢Ѿǵڶ賿
ͷһƵض΢Ц⣬һɫĹŲᡣ
ϲ㣬˳һһǧŹ׵ȥȡͬʱԭġҩȫɵұȽ⣬˽¾һ¸Ʒһضġҩ˼Ǳȡҩȫִ·߼࣬ûˣ
˵꣬ͰⱾ׹Ų˹
꣬һϲллʦ
һУȻܹͷݱ࣬ʵҲջ󣬲֪ҩҩԣҩ֪ʶ
ңڹͷָ£ͨҩ֮ЩΪп磬»
ʱŹͷеⱾҩ£Ȼ֪䲻
˿˵ǹͷһеľ򣬶˼иϡҩıϺͲɼֵǣǰض
ȴ룬գȻãóһݣ͸Լ
Ȼף˺ԥֽӹ
˶֮һаˡ
˵꣬ҩ˹ز֣Իвͳһصĵƿ
ƿڰףͨ͸ֻͬصķεҩ
а˵У˵ĵҩȻҩЧֻһʱңǲҩЧܹƱΪǿŵĶ翡
ǣֵȴȷǲԶ
̽ؾ򿪱УĿʱöҩļֵԺˣǧһãգȻһ˲õ
ʹǡҩˡزʦóҩʱҲЩᣬʹĸоÿ֪ˡ
ȻĴҲࡣ
ˣ뿪ɡ
زóа֮ɫЩ䣬ٿʱҲûƽĺɫˣԵʮֲͷ
⡭
Ȼдϲͬ뿪ǣû˵Ŀģԥǿʵ
ʦ֮ǰһһҪһ֪ɲԽһ£ж
ţôô鷳
زƲƵؿһһǵ˵ɣ˵˵˵ģҲûá
ǣԽֻһСС⡣
æػ
ˣ˵ɣ
زѾ¶͵ˣͷػֵ
ҵæʦ˵Լ˵ĵط״һࡣ
زƳƬ̺󣬵˵ϲʦӦ֮е𶾣Ϊʴ𡯣˶ҩɽ⣬Ҫ˵˶ΨһĽⷽǱǡݣ
ݣУ
ԣɫϲǰһȥܾǺε֮ԼһҪõ
ֻҪнⷽϣ
Ǻǡ
زЦؿһҾ֪УҺܽΪС
Ҫõǿɾʮֲˡ
ǰ֪
һҾֱء
زƿһۣգĬãǿڵ컻󣬼ֵʮ׵㡣
ĶȻȥ
ʮ׵㡣
һӺʧǵ뿪ص
ϽȡԼ񱨳꣬һһǧŹ׵㣬ת뿪ص壬ԼһڶС
ϣ޵ݿɽʱϲãһƬأǡ
ʮŹ׵㣡
૵صУһ˿εĿɬӴĿ˵еһЩӣųϣԴ롣
Լ࣬һ񣬲Żü٣ǧ׵㣬ģ֮٣һɫϵ񣬸Լֽ׶ɡ
ڿЩѾ㲻Ѿ࣬õȴȡݵĲ׺֮һڡ
뵽ʦƣζԥģȴ漴˲üᶨ
˫зų⡣
ʦģһΪһݵģһ
¼ʹʮŹ׵㣬һ죬Ҳỻ
ҡ

ʱţ
ееӶ֣һħֻҪ񣬲ѶȣȼֻҪߣսӲ
ΣеǷ֣ܶƽʱδûԸ⻨ʱȥһһʧˡ
кܶ˷֣мΣһѪ˺۵ˣһƣ񽻽ɺ󣬲Ƭִ̣ҴҶߣûжͣ֡
ƺǼΪæ
ƺڸʱܡ
Уһܻȡ׵Ҫ˰СԡҲ˰Сӡ
ʱУתۣһʱȥһ죬һ⣬һѪһ˺۵Ӱ
ǸġӡˡֽССԡ
ͻȻһͷɫ𶯣⡣
һεĽ·ǧ׷ԶبֱӴ񷶥Ͽա
ЩɫǧÿһͬոѿһʵĴڣ
һĮ߰Ȼ𣺡ףȻѾˣɸҳһս
Żǧ⽣ϿգֳһɫͷڵӰ
ΰ£󱳸һŽŽ֮У·֮
ܵһȻ֮䣬Ȼ󻩣
ףʦ֣Ļˣ
Ǽ٣ڿϴܴ죬ΪȫϣӴΪһˣ
˭ΪʲôҪʦ֣ƣ
Ȼ䣬һƺ뵽ʲôɫ䣬𾪵ˣǡǧĳѧƷǧӰ
֮һ
ƷǧӰ
ͬһʱɫ



105 ַ
֮һűȻվڶģȴֻôһʮˡ
Уܳɫģʮˡ
ߺ
֮УԻΪףȺǰλãϯӡ
ڰ˴κһڣΪͬС˵ѽѨֻѾѨڣڡ
С
֮һλΣߵκһڣǶصĴڣλϣš
ǿԼ磬Ԫ½ļޡ
½ķǿߣҲʮλһλ
ңҲֻôһλ
ɴ˿ԿϣǿߣڸУܵ׷⻷
һθĺѡˣλѷǰ;й֮
ڣϿյģһλ֮Уպģľ
³ѨڣڵľأһΪ졣
Ʒͬ𾪡
ǰ˴еĶӣҪһװƷţҲ׵飬ֻܵȴʹ͡
ûݣûбˣһȴһİƷѾ˾̾
ƷŵļֵڵƷѵõĽ죬ѾǼޣԵĵӣ˾̾𾪣֮顣
󵽵ʲô
ѵʦֱ䣿ʦ֣лǶ֪
˲⣬ôŲš
׾еһᱮ飬ƲôܻͷǱأ˷Ϊ˵ȥš
ƽǾԲ޹һ鷳ģѵ˵ʲô
䣬ӲƺƵ˶ģͨѰȴء
ͷ壬ȻָġǸˡףȴûг֡
ûл
Ǻǣҳ𣿡
ǺһЦһָ°£ǧ⽣Ȼһѹۣ
ֲľʹһ񷶥ѹòڵӵѪܲס
ãǰ벽ƣ
ƣȻһ˿֮
˴󺧣ʧɫ
ƣǿ翣ȴʵڵĶһֻڷǿߵϡ
˵һһͨġ֣¹
ǷǿƵĿɲԪԪԽǿԽǿ£˿ƣ룬⡰ȻѨ֮ڴ֮ͥ£¶һ֮֡ѧ
ⲻƣ֮£ûˡ
ʦĻˣһῴ費ܣֻҪ֣϶ϰѶԷƨǱȥӴ֮Ҳַ󡣡
ϧԷһųϲϳ֣ܳѹģҲûˣʦ֣㵽
ǧУһƬĬٵӹ֨֨죬һһֹ򵹡
ƣɲ֣Цһѹۣ
һ£һЩѾﵽԪΪ͵ڵӣʼܲסϥЩˡ
ΣףѵԸ֣Щɶʦܣƽʱιڼͷ𣬽ôԸЩΪ裿
ѵ΢վǧ⽣Ӱ֮ϣ·һ߶صͶ㣬һشơ
еƲʣΪ֮壬տϣʱİ׼룬ʱµĲ˿
ʧΪվҪʱңԶȻһ̾Ϣ
ǺαأǺοࣿ
翣ƶˣȴƺߣһ𣬳ȥȴ֪ʱҲһӰ
Ӱͨͨһȫޣ·һ߷ˣȻվȴյģ㶼Χת
һϮ£ã⣬˫֣趯꣬꣬꣬ȸֲͬϢϳ֣ݣת䡣
һʱ֮䣬˾Ȼľ䣬ֻʱɣ߰ʮˣʱᣬһʮꣻʱأʮꡣ
һϣȻʮֲͬϢϱãӣۻҡ
ڿϳˣף治ףôǷҵһӦû˰ɣ꣬꣬һóˣ
ѵˡЦǸ翵Ӱ۾оǿȣǰδһսѵȴֻϧȴŴλرܣֱӶȥ˿ϣڣڻͷͽһɣ
Ȼ䣬һγδǱŽ֪ʱѾʣؼ䣬·ͻȻһӣεɫĳӡ
ϴˮ࣬⾹ȻеǱӣӴǧֱط䳲ǵãӰ˶
ȻӰȴǲͷһָͷ죬ֻǳһֻ΢΢һ̾ϢΪ˱ҳֵ𣿡
ֻҪһսֵã
ãȻˣԸ
ǧӿȻĿɿڴĿ鷢ˡ
飬飬飡
ͷԪֻһֻƣӰƾս¹ʮ쳹ͬǡ
ϣϢӿǲãӰȴһ˿ĺۼվ綥ʯζӱ˶Ƶ
ǧδ㼴ɢ룬ʣµģҲӹȴ˲ıֺ
⣬ôܣ
ʧɫȫԼ۾㣬㾹ȻѾ˰뻯֮
УŨŨĲţо
뻯֮ţ֮һż̤żɳɵֻ֮䣬ԻΪ棬һй
벻ԭΪѾʧȥΪۣ룬ƾһֻƣȻֵܵסԼǧӰ
ʣޣּž壬ηȻͬһȣٽһ
˳ʮ䣬˫ֻϽ֣أңңԶĻӰһ

أ·һֻ˺ĻȻΪ룬һҰɫĽۣ·֮УֱӳŶǲãӰ
˰ɣ
Ȼ棬ǲãӰ鲻ɲͷֻһȦһƣƽƽһƳ
ۣ
һȻȴ·̺⾳Уһ̣ȣ쵹ʮɣǱߣһѪ
˫ĿŵؿŶĲãӰһֲֻ𣺡㡭ԭʵ𡣼ʹΪϣˡ
ףһٻģ
һȣѵ˷ˣЮԼеĲŽΪһʹֻۣৡһ£㼴ʧӰ


106 
ߣô𣿡
Ȼ䣬һȣɽ֮һ漴һֻƣЯźƺƵ֮Ӻ׷һӽǵ˵ӰĽһɽС
֮һеĵľӰȻû˿ֿ֮㱻ȥ
վ泯ɫŭ콣ˣʲô˼
ŻɽϣȻֳһӰ
ӰһϮ£ʣĿǣɢһɿµķϢͷתƲ
վɽС򱶣Ȼʱһۿȥɽ壬ȴ·ֻǳΪĵ׺
еͷ𶯣̶ǻϲĤݡ
콣ˣ콣
֮⣬Ψе벽ǿߣңϣѩ֮󣬽ΪһθĴڡ
߷֮һ콣콣ԭ棡
ʣ˲мһЦΪ֮һǶС߱ߣղŲֻ֣ڵȴԽܣһƣȨĪٿԴؼ䣬һָܣɱģ֪٣һΣٸֱ𣡡
֣ؼ䣬ԪȻȻѵϿգֳһġ֣·ǧɣγɿµѹ
ѵ˸ովһ֣δǲ͵һģ޵ֿ֮ɫ԰ף³һѪ
ɫ壬ٲһЦããԭĴ֮ԴС٣ҶǼʶˣٻᣡ
˵꣬һݣߡ
Ȼ͵һţǸ޴Ľɫ֣·һ½ɽһתȻ˵Ͽա
һζɢٴε䣬һŪûͷ
㣬ʲô˼
ѵһŭͷʵѵνڵɣղŻ˵̣ھ֣
ٶһ֣ջظղŵĻֱɱ
֣֮䣬Ȼ˵Щɫγһ޴ɫУɼµĽ
ƷУ齣
ѵɫһףһĻһ뷴ղԭĸ룬̧ͷһͷϿյЩɫȫٲҶ˵֣һȭǣ
˵꣬ҴҼݽȥһͳʧӰ
һΣȴԶˣҿ״һͻƵˡ

һĻӣһ׷׳Ц
ȻУȴһأ֮һȻߣжˣʸЦأ
٣ˣ󲿷ݣǲġ
ȻˣĿֶ䵽ĴǵɫӰȥɫӰ뿪䵭ƺҪȥ
ףʦ𣿡
ϣΪһĺۼоıΪѵ豹棬ԼϢ
ֻƣ֮һʵôǱΪ˭˭
ûͨû
ڴʱǵӰѿ쳹׵ȥҲ֮ʧʱ߷֮ϣǵǳתİɫӰȻڣף㡭Ҫȥ
ٲղŻ˹ʱİԵĮһ˿ġ
ɫӰһ٣ļͣĬһᣬŻشչʵǰԵ·֮ϣһһپ۵ġ
ʦңһģӲФʦˡ
˵꣬ɫӰԶǵɫǳâһӰ˼ݣ漴ʧ٣ҲӰ
һźʦֵ𣬿ϧûм˿壬ıΪΪλǿս
ҡ˵ģչʵǰԵһһپ۵ģʲô˼
еӲ⣬Ȼɽ֮ϣǵɫǳһӰ֮󣬾׽飬ȴȻһЦʮֿο
ããԭĵӣϣܴϰƼ»ʱһһιĿ࿴
˵꣬ɫӰҲ֮ȥСգ¹ɽһ®֮УӵʧӰ
®УһϻŮӣֶһ裬Ⱥ
ϣһĽϢ·بգַ·ȫһУǱ裬Ҳһ˿ϢΪˮ

ף
һƬеУûע⵽⣬ǸѪһƣġӡˡҲĿջء
Уȴ˸һ˿ͱ˲һĹʡ
Ʒ壬桭Щط߾ɵؾ۵ĵĵط𣿡
ԭˣѹ
૵ջĿ⣬ϸҴҽУԼ񣬶תһ
Ŀ꣬Ȼɽһ´
ء
Ƭ̺󣬡ˡһݣٴǴεİ˲㰵ҹǰ
ԽˡǰߵŻƬ̺󣬴Ŵ򿪣ˡ߽깱׵㣬һ֮ء
˴ƺǰڷţȴղ콣һЩýϣѧĵá
Щƽ˹עɳЩѾݻƣ˺һ㡣
ˡȴЩζҳٷĿһ˲˲ȻȿһŻҪ档
ʱ֮󣬹ֱľϵĻɫᣬ˳óƣ깱׵֮󣬱ȥ
ͬţҪдȴǿģߣֻҪ涨ʱڿ꣬ٽ󼴿ɡ
Ƭʱֺ󣬡ˡٴλص壬ϥ£ɫ
ǰһſıɫᣬʮͷˣÿһͨȴһ˿̲С
죬콣塱ǿλµ޽ǡ
ֻϧûη콣ԭǣȻӡ֤ࡣ콣ʢ꣬ǲԼĵȥģһֻ״Ӳܿ
ˣϣıУҵԼҪĴ𰸡
ˡ˫Ŀ׷ǰЩϾһΣȴʱ࣬һһ䣬ǲԸ©֣Կûࡣ
Ҳ࣬ϸࡣ


107 ľ
һĶ࣬˵ģȴǽ֮
ǧ򻯣ǧٹ֣ȻֵڼģȻϸʵȴֻ֤δ˼
ڶܵǽ֮֮䣬飬뽣һ뽣ͨ飬ܽһŽӵ
ֵ˵Ӹ߼ʱﲻ־磬
ģϹŽ
Ϲ֮ʱУ޽ߣĪΪ󽣵ҲǵʱϣΪǿֽ˳ִˣԺ£ûж֡
һѩһƮѩ
Ǻ쳾Ž֮У쳾ţ±󣬾Уֵܵˡ
ǧ﹦｣ƶǧУһ
ģٽһһɲ֮䣬ٱ任
壬ֻǧٽһֻأֱӽ޵ԨֻأΪµĽ֮һ
һ˵֮ʱҶƮɣ֮Ѫ꣬˳֮ΪҶѪ꽣
ֽʧֻһЩУЩ̽ƾһЩ⣬ҲǿĽ
Ҳ֪֮ЩˣֽУѩ棬ж¡
򿪵ı
ʼֻһЩ޽ĻЩţԹֱ󷭡
ȻͫסˣΪһ´ʡ⾳
ֽСľ
ֽͬͨʽ֮ⲻУҲ˵⾳˵ľʹǼʽҲܷӳĪ
򲻵ֽ⾳ôʹ㽫ʽٴ죬¯࣬Ҳһ˿
⣬⾳Ҳؼ䣬ʮеһֽ
⾳ֻĪ˵ľ
˼Ȼ䣬뵽һʣҡ
ҡָѾȴĻҽ
ҡ˵ıһ޿־ľĮѾʲôںˣͺľһ㣬޸չʾ
⣬һ⾳
֮⣬֮ˣġ̫翡ľ޷֮ˣиӥȴ󱯡ľ֮ˣв£Ұסľ֮ˣСѲŰֱϡľ
ľĲܼͬӰ쵽书֮ˣͲʺҵġֱϡΪȫֱ̬ȡ
ħ֮ˣҲ޷ҵġȻһľ
ľԭˣⱾܾȱ˵ʲôѵΪȱⱾҪľ
ⱾĻɫףȻһʮټģӡĵľལף
ľལʮټֻһЩ漰ĽףҲǡĽףҪ
˵Ʒ£н漰Ĵڡ
ƷϣʵҲнһ漰ƷԽƷĴڣϹ󽣵ѩ쳾ŵȣӵиԶصľѧᡣ
ԣЩףȻ󣬵ͬʱѶҲѹôô๦һá
ֻǣⱾףһľལףⱾУҪľһأ
ֶ֪²ķûУѵֻܴʮһʽȥ̽ȥã
˼йžĬĬ˼
ʦ˵ûοǰ˵·ȷԼƿҳä㡣
ǣäҳˣôأ
ֻһһȥᣬøֲͬľŭϲãֵȸʱȴҲһգܱԼΪԼľ
Ҳֻˡ
һ̾Ϣıž봢Уվǰ
Ѿȥˡ
ѾѨޣ
һЦ
޿٣ԼԪû
ûԪ޷øǿ췣֮޷øǿ췣֮ƾһŲСӣܹ˶Уһ˻ɱһͷѨޣ
Ц˵ȥҲš
ֻǸ취ˡ
ΪһţٴηɵʶϿգ׻Ƶľ޴ӡǰڵʱ
ƹ㣬Ԫʱһ£һԪȷ
Ǹعϵɱ䵭Įһ˿飬ʵ
ͬ⡣
ৣ
Ȼ䣬ֻһ飬ƺʲôߣϸԼȫ£ȴȫޱ仯ƤƺоӲ԰Щ
⣬ǱԪĸоô
ܸоڤڤʲôˣҶȥ
Ц
ѰһٶʮǼޡ
֮·ȻԳҲޣߣһʮеĻͨˡ
ΪƽʱԼˣĹأʮ
ֻпԪżΪɼҵӣʼӳԪʱԪ۷壬벽ѨĴڣܻꡣ
ѨȻ˵꣬İС
ȻʱԪûֻһͨˣһˣʮԪپǼޣһӱ꣬벻оѡ
ңǾ޴ӡ鲻ֻ࣬꣬Ҳ˵һΪӻ¡
ʶع飬ң⣬ɫøԼ㣺֮ڣҪͻƻԪˡ
ȻٳһԪԼ޴Ӱ죬Ҫ֪ʮǰͶʮ󣬿ǽȻͬʮǰɾͣмͻͽԽˡʮûʲôͻƣôһҲˣʲôʮ˲õ
ԭʮġ꣬һ걼Ǳһ࣬ʱѾӽʮꡣ
ʱһӳԪҲ˵ѾǽӽʮĹˣٳһΣʮؿ
ʱԶڳˣΪõ䡣
ʮǰͻƻԪͶʮͻƻԪ޵һδԣ֪ƿǵ
ʮǰͻƻԪģţУõʮֻ֮һģĴȼҲ֮Զ
⣬ǲࡣ

߻ش齣һ£Ŀоʮ㣬ڽҹˡ
ǸһͻƵʱˡ


108 ʮ
˼Ե򾳣ȡ޳ǶҰ
㶯ģδܳɢ룬ڲߡĽ죬רעһʧá

ʱһһַţ壬㺮רĶУĿ̿濾һͨ죬

Ȼ
䡱һĿȻ۾˫һʮָ㡣
ͣ
ǰп·类Ȼըѳһķ϶
˫ּ䣬һ͸âδƷһֹ
һ쳤³һһЦ⡣
ʮ⻯ڳɹˣ
ֻһ̤ԪϢںϣɵĻԪ֮
ŲڸУԼСأʮ⻯ǽԪ⣬ⷢˡ
⻯ľ硣
Ҳףʮ֮ǰʵʲôѵһأʮ۷壬Ԫڵһء
ѣҲֻͨѶȣֻɼ֮ŵĽݡ
ʮԪڣݣһɣ粻һ
ԣڣڵӲŶЩڵӰ˲ǣ⿴𣬾ΪûԪͻǷˡ
⣬ǲ
ԪԪ
ǿɲǹ⿿ֶΣѿޣƾͻƵģҪһĻԵԼ򣬻Ƕʱ׼ȷա
ȱһС

ڶ죬һ뿪壬ǰ˼Ȼȥ
ºϢȶһ˪ĸϻʱȴһʱûưӣڻµȴ
ӰҪǰοʣȴȻȻͣ˽Ų
ưǰһ̶ʧɫ㣬ͻƵʮˣ
š˵ͷ֮ǰͻơ
Сӡ
ư֣Ƕһۣţָеޱȵϲ
˴£ǡͻƣ粻ɡСӣȻѾϢͻƵʮˣ⣬ԭһΪͻŲѾˣû뵽¸Զ
˲Ųо룬ŲʮԶ
綼ԽϣԽͬһı仯ȴǺѶԶǰߣưֲһ˵
ҲЦŴ˸һȭǻ˵أ˲ĸ飡
һʱûϵ裬ԽܣһҲóưѾﵽŲжΣβԶ
ӣϢ˲ţǴﵽ˲۷壬ͻŲ㣬׷ưֵľ粻Զˡ
ܵ˴̼һԳԺ֣Ϊĳ¼Ҵ٣Ҳڶÿʼˡ
ˣ˵£ʲô£
Ц֮֮ǰ˵Ļѯʵ
Ŷ
ư֣ӵɫҲЩ֣ԥΣưһ˴˵ĵطǻط˵
á
ûԥתȥ
Ƭ̺»صǴǾһȭƵƫƧȵأվ
̧ͷ˵ɫڿ˵ˡ
ţ
ưֿһܣȷʵע⣬Ҿͻʮ㣬ҲԶˣȳ̶ȣʵѾҪʼΪػԪ׼˵֮Уһؾž棬ӵͻƻԪҩԪ𻨣Ǵȥժһã֪ԸԸͬȥ
ž棿
ԣһ𾪣ؿǣǡѵ룬ھͽž棿
ž棬ʱĵһ죬ͼʶ˵ǿֻлԪǿߣܹĵط
ͨڵӣ޷棬ͻᱻɱɸɾ
ɲڵӿԴڵĵطĹ涨ʹǻԪĵӣҪ棬μҲСӣ䵥Էһ
ϾÿһԪӣɶһʲƵĲƸЩƸſɲװ״ˮƯ˵ĳλԪӣһͻƵѨĳϣء
ڵӣϽ룬ѹư֣أҪԼˡ
±֪˼žСŽ㣬ͷǿԤ뵽顣
꣬Ҫô
ư΢΢һЦһֻ֣ʵǵĿ꣬ȻѰһԪ𻨣ģʵΪ
Ƕ˵ȾˣһսΣУѰԼıԴ򣬾ͻƻԪĻᡣ
ѯʹеһЩʦ֣ϣ˵ͻƻԪûô򵥣׼ϸԽãԪ𻨣ǡþһ֣Чһ֡
ЧģʵǱ۽磬ﵽһ̶ȣղܺһٳ谭ǧ˵ɷ֮ء
ҡ
˵΢΢һЦһָӣһָƾ˵ʵֶȫ벽Ѩļžɮܻɱˣ˵ңγʵ˱ʵȷѵһλԪȴԲѷɫһλͨĻԪԪڵˡǣ⻹㻹ûͻƵʮ¡ңΧתһȦȥģˣ㻹Ķ𣿡
⡭
ԥˡ
ףǷŹ飬Ȼưһλȴ
ǰͨӣȻǲڼžȥǣư֣Ծֻ˲Ϊĳӳ´Զͨӿɱȡ
˭Ҳ˵֣һλԪ
پ֪ԼϣƺԪֶΡ
ֻԼһˣдǼžʸ
οư֣ӣҲֶΣԪ֡
ң
Լ޷ڶʱڣҵͻƻԪķưôһ˵ŶȻȻ
ͻƻԪǰ֪֮д¹ĵãУܸͻƻԪҩԪȻһ֡
۽磬ͬǰͻƻԪҩ
ҪƳӡ񣬾ͱڣһҪͻƵԪž棬һ˲ˡ
ãѰҵԪ𻨣ԸԼͻƵԪʱӡͻ췣֮ҲܹвѨˡ
Ҫǡ
һԼǷȱģǼʮŹ׵㣬˵Ҳˡ
ʹղ룬ܱһһޣ٣ʮ²ܴǿöࡣ
Щּ򵥵ôýӣͱߣֵԼϵģˮнǧһѡ
˲Ķˡ
ư֣ˣãǾˣһΪһȥ׼գպʱڴ˼棬һͬǰž棡
ãˡ
ۼڵͷӦư֣ͬʱ¶Цݣ˻ΪģԷɢصԼ塣
ֹư֣Ӵǰһֱ㷣һλȥͬҪʱ䣬һЩ׼ܲƾһǻѪ£ֱﴳ
٣ԸžЩҩҪ׼һЩġ


 ž


109 
պ
ҹºڷߣӰƫƧȵһݶĳżžķȥ
ʱ֮
һƬ޴󣬷·ޱ޼ʵĺɫǳأȻ֮УһԽ䱸ϸ쿴˰Σȷ֮Ŀ
һ䣬ɭϣŵĸоʱͷһʶУʮһֽСˣȻƺ΢΢һ¡
Ը죬ЩСȥΪһҲͷ
ģǷ޴ĺɫʯ֮ǰ
ʯ֮ǰ˸ʺ֣ʹڰҹ֮УҲ貵Ѫ⣬Ŀ
أž棡
ʯ֮ǼžʬһģɺȻ
ڶҲû䣬ѩˡ
ʱ䣬統֪ڣ֪ʷѾ֪Уѩ֣ʲôĵλ
һĴʼ棬۷壬벽׾ǿߣҲ֣һžڵİ֮һ
ºڼžڵķ֮£ʽ˺½֮һ
һλһʳɴ£ɸƹܡ
ݴѾͻƵ۷壬򷨵ڽʮϣǸ֮ľء
ڵˣ˵һһΪͣĿš֮׻ˡ
Ȼ˵˷ȥΪսȴŷ괵ȥεԿⷽʯ֮ϣƱػõдȥ
ĴҲһᱻ
ģ֪࣬Ҳ΢֪
ߣãʦλķƽʱһɽ¶ˮȻǧ䣬ڼžʬߣȻֻǻԪʱڵսǣҲ԰ˡ
ɴ˿ɼ꣬ҲһԼģǷĹȥֻǲ֪ôȴԸᡣ
ᣬҲʣܸоʦڵĵλʮ⣬ʮֱ˿𣬱ͣȴҲ˸ǰųȻĵλ
ĶʮһʮʮȣҲûжı仯Ƿ봨ɪ֣һ춥Ӱϵ
ͬʱҲСİ񵥡
Ŀƣֿ˼Ϥ֡
ʮģƽ̶ɱ2024
پʮ壬紵ѩ裬ɱ1987
İߣݹʥ֡ڣʥɱ1875
İٶʮ˭˲ʶƷɣɱ1633
İʮ쵶ޡѪ̣ɱ1542
İٰʮһǧ񾩣ɱ1325
񾩾ȻȵѪ̻ͣ
һΣȻûйע˵ˣѪǰս񾩣ڰºս̨ϣúܲңú档
һΣչʾǰΣʵ飬Ը֣ǲУȷʵöֶѡ
Դˣ֮У˸Ҷһ˿һĲڳʵԼǰΡ
񾩣ʹڼžУҲԼʵ
һǮĸ֣ȴǰΣôǳ

ҪĿջأȻĿһ״סˡ
һû뵽֣Ȼϡ
һǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ɱ562İپʮλ
Ӧѩ飬ȻҲˣ
һθоУͬͬһŵĵӣǻΪܲܽžеͷۣԷȴѾȻɱ˼žʬ񣬼ʹǧУҲǰé
Ȳ࣬еΡ
⣬ŵʵ
һ뵽Ӧѩ콣壬Լ벽ǿ߶е츳־ãҲ顣
ư֣ӼȻѾ⣬Ҫ͵͵Ǳž棬Ȼһ֪̽ˡ
ҲǵһμӦѩ֣ͬʱɶһۣܵ˴̼
ͬʱͷɫȻ룡
ͳһСƿɫһ˿ɷ۵ĵҩ治֣Ҳһս֮ԪȻ壬ڵӿûֻˡһֻһʱмǲ̰ʱһʱһҪʱȻδɱҪɷ壬ɷˡ
á
ư֣Ӹһҩſ븹УܵһϢסԼ
һݣ漴סžĺɫǰһͺȣ
ļ䣬һ͸ۡһɳնɫ֣΢΢һ漴ָԭ
״ư֣ߵ˫̧𣬰磬ԪԴԴϵ뵽ڡ
ɫȻת죬һֱת𡰱ԪѪ·ȼһѪ죬һ̧˫ƣǰĺɫ֡
һΣֻꡱһ죬ɫȻѿһϸСѷ죬ɫǺ죬ٴԪԪƺƵ·ˮһ㽫ѷԽԽ֧һ˽롣
ߣ
֪ʱҴ⻤ʱָԭ˲ҵһݣͬʱԾС
һУ˱㲻ɸоȫһ䣬ֻţֻлңڶɫɫ
죬ӰУ֪Ŷɱ
⣬ڣֻлԪϵӣſļž𣿡
ư֣ɫ֣أ૵ɫ䣬ٲһ˿֮ǰ⣬ʱΪ״̬
һ


110 
Ȼ䣬˶Уһ͵͵Ŀ
أء
ߣˣСиŮֱ޵зң꣬ԿԼ
ѵǣ棬Ŀ
ư֣˶һۣ˶ԷеأһĨĵǡ
ž棬ֹҪʱС޴ڵ壬ͬʱЩ飬ƺԼǰһ˿ǻۣҡġ
ûһʮӴ࣬滹ļֲסֻķң֧ء
ߣѰԪ𻨣˳
ǱĿģԶԼм򵥺ưһ˲˾
һݣСżž֮ǰȻ䣬ǰӰһƮһӰ
ӰƮƮ˺ƺֽƬɣȻư֣˵ӰӰȴȻһУŭسưǡɱһ㡣
˲Ϊ
ֻһۣͿӰʵ֣ѾһԾ𣬡ۡһһöԪһɷ̡
ԭأֻһöССԲʯӣԲʯڣ˸һ㵭Ĺԡ
ȻӰʧ֮ЩȴѸʧۡһͬΪ롣
ãӰƮˣ
ưɫ䣬һһĳӣˡ
Ƭ̺󣬼ʮǿӰ׷ɱһƫƧĽ䣬
ãգ
ЩӦþˣ飬Թ㸽ĳһЩƷ϶γɡղֻãӦֻǳģΪǿģһֻҲԸˣ
ưְοҲ˻ɥǴУҲ̫ϣֻҪƽ㹻ãÿһ죬һջ񡣡
Ϣһ󣬼ǰҾͲţЩÿһô񡣡
֮󣬾ԭЪϢƬ̺󣬼Ϣƽܿһ󣬼һľɻ԰ûʲôĴڣҲûжܣ
һ·Ժ䣬治ʱƮ˫أȫѩף鵴ꡣ
ư֣ˣжʵвֶΣһߣһһɱ
̶ʱڣͷҵɥ
ЩԭͬһööʯӣЩʯѸ޴ֵ
˶ڻɱûȤˡ
Խ룬ڣܼңܶӰಿλͻȻһŻƹ⣬ǿ࣬ӽԪ
Ȼ˵סˡ
ףʲô
һʮֲƵĹŵŵʺɫȻֻʣߣɿɼյķɡ
ɫңϡɼһš֣ɭϰʱȴѾֻʣһǣҡҡλΣƺʱȥ
зϳԺĹŵУһ˶Ĺ֦ᣬҶӾѵ⣬ΨˣдһźͮͮĹӡ
Źӣͷ·챦ʯһͨ͸ɢ貶ĿĹâƺĹˣ֭ˮܿһ͸һ㡣
ǣ
ôҲҩ´һ£ʶҩҩԣҩ˹زǱҩԲҩ֪֮飬һһӱ˳
û
ư֣ӵһӼѡ
ҲѹǣǽӽƷҩÿһöļֵ޿ɹ
˵׻ԪʱÿڵԪҪһγͷβĸı䡣
ԪҪвϵľȡֻʣ²ʮ֮һٷ֮һɴģµĵ
Խ࣬ĵԽ٣ҳɹ׻ԪĸԽ͡
һڽ׻Ԫ֮ǰлԵõһöһöԽһڵԪȽȡһ飬Ԫʱѹ׼ʳɱ
ңʱתɵĵܱԭĳɣɣһӽʡޡ
ԣֵȻԹÿһ־׻Ԫĵӣõı
֮Ԫ֮ԪɵĵԶͨԪתɵĵܱȣ߼ֱһ죬һء
ԣŴȻҪҵĻԪ𻨣ȴǱȻԪ𻨸Ϊġ֮󣬼ʹưֺͳӳ´Ҳܵˡ
ϸ˰Σִ߶Լħͫϸһ飬ȷص˵ͷҲῴģһ㣬ҿǱ֤
ģ
ư֣ϲʣȻһˮ٣Ҫȡÿûôסǲã̫̫𣿡
ţ
ôһ˵ư֣´侲ܣŲȻһ㣬
˵ͷ૵ҸܵһɿµϢܣʹ֣ҲδصֵùöûôȡôҪҪðһգ
ư֣´һۣ˼Σݺݵصһͷ
Ϊ˽׻Ԫ׼ûҲͰˣһ£ȻˣȴҲһµĻֻ»ȥǽԪʱľҲȡ
ˣڴƴһƴôһ˿ᡣ
ң֣δľͷڰĶڱصá
ã
ͷ˵۾ڵҺмһ֣Զݣ˭Ҳܶ뿪֮ɢҵطϣһ±ǣע۲ܼɡ
š
ư֣´ɫ֪ʱ򣬿Цݺݵͷ۾գһ£˭Ҳа
һҲ֮ΣҲֹԼҪˡ
ˣҿӾУգǹưںĿעأʵߣסǸһס㲻ɹҲֻһλᣬмǲ̰ͷܣûУ
һ仰ǳư˵ģ棬ؽһҪɹסͷһ
һư֣ҪɹԼĿģûң˲佫ժ֣ת뿪׷ϡ
˵ưֳеգһģֻгӳ´ΪʵϵֻͣͷϵΣտ󣬷С
ãû⣬Ǿͳ
ưֵͷһֵ
һ´һֵӣȻͬһڵһ㣬ŶŶŵ֮ǿŹ֮ȥ
һצҪץǿ


111 
໣
ȻڴʱǧһһֲֻİɫӰƮ˳
Ӱͷɢɫ԰ףûף˫һ߶೤ؿڴһŵ̵Ĺâ˸צ۾͹
Ī˵һ֣ӣһɾ硣
´ȻԤϣ˵ԤϣҲûԤϵ۽΢һƳ֮£ɵѽһԳԱȥýֻɫӰ˳ȥƫķΧ
״һৡһڰдһĲӰһӾƮ˳ӵǰϢſһ£Ԫ
һӰȻǰ֣ǰɫӰ˫צ֮ϣͬʱֳһѪɫԪѪԥչϢӽԪ
ۣ飡
һ죬εˣѪԥתˡ
ֻ桰֮һﵽ˰벽ѨԼܿ⡣
ߣ
ԥת㳯һȥӼ磬סһܵһߡ
˵ʱʱ죬̶̵һ˲䣬һҲӰ·𼲵ƣһϾۣ֮ǿš£һԶݶȥ
ɫӰиӦתͷȻһ춯صĲҽУתư׷
Ȼǧһ֮ʣưȻһͳŰԲԲһ֣ӳ䡱һըԭضʱһɫǰɫӰŵС
ưֿ׼ʱһбݣһú֮һݣѾʮɿ⡣
ȻǰɫӰϾǵУȻȻȻƺƾŸӦܿৡһ׷ţɳư뿪ıӰ׷ȥ
ưٶȲ죬ϸֱĶҲ٣ÿͷɫӰҪӽٴӳԲγһȥ
ư֣ˣӣһ򣬺ܿ죬ʧӰ

һʱ֮
أȷԼ㿪ͷֲ׷ɱһС¥֮ϡ
⴦С¥Ѹ಻֨֨ѽѽ治֪ôֵܼ컹
ѾбһĴ֮£ʱ⿴ȥ˸˼
ԼֵһֹΪԼʵߣʵҲһԣư֣ѣֵֵһ
ţһѾ㹻ˡ
ۣ
Ȼ䣬ſһѪղһվǵֵסƷн׵ķվ΢һЩһ֮£Ȼ飬ֵûֵܵһ¡
ʹˡԪѪǿʵּԶݣȥֻ֮һ£ͲǹѣعǾ飬ˡ
ĿΣȷ֮ܲһѵشӻͳһöɫĵƿбһƷȥ
Ʒֵһٹ׵һţͨЧúܶ࣬ǰ᲻÷ãΪ̽ž棬ҧʹţԷһôлϡ
žУǲգ򰡣һ죬ôǿ治֪Ǽžģµʲô̶ȡ
Ҳ˵žģǽأʹǻԪڣڵӣ룬Ȼ޾ͻ֮Σ
һֻЩԪڣԪ۷壬벽ѨĴڣŸҽȥһˣЩ˵Ҳߣﵽķ֮
ȻҴŻõջҲԱȦǿö࣬ÿԪвٵӣŽҵ壬գܻųģȴ֮٣ʮȥߡ
Ŀ֮ȻؿۣƷЧȷǸǵģѾо࣬٣ƽһϵʵûġ
Ѳ׼ȥ
С¥ȻȫȴǾ֮˭֪ûʲôΣգ
ԽǰȫĵطԽҪ߾裬ǰ̵ľ䡣
Ȼףȴ֮μסˣΪԽĵطԽΣգԽǰݵĵطԽܲ
׼°ţǰˡ
׼ʱƮƮһݣС¥;һЩɫĻۡ
ư֣ӵԼİţֻҪŵбڼžĻζ֪ˡ
˳һ·ֱǰȥ
Ѿư֣Ӹʱ䣬Լ쿴һ¸ʡõʱһڣ壬˷ʱ䡣
ңԼʵġûгӣưߣһЩ¶ǰĶҲžʹˡ
ƹһεĹţӭһѾǻٰߵļɽ
ɽԭӦһƬ޴ĳʱȴѸɿݣҶҶһһߵİ׹ǡ
׹֮У̵ģɫѣȻûбʱ丯
һЩжϵıУڷǣʾµ顣
ҪǰȥȻһߵɽ֮ס
ԭӦһֻĵʯ񣬲Ϊɽѣڽʣұߵһͷͷ֮ϣһССİɫԲ㡣
ԭӦĵ۾ڣΪվã۾ϵĺ䣬Ȼ¶һöԲʯ飬ƺǵ̶ɣǶȥġ
ǣ
һ߹Ҳ̽쳣ܲ죿
ߵʯ񸽽ְö顱ֻ΢һ֮£Ȼʯ΢΢һݣһӡ
֨֨
ǲʬǣ£беĿݺȻϢѿһ󶴡
һԥ漴˽ȥ
Ǹɿݵĺ棬һһ£ԭǰڷʯͷĵطҲ飬Ϊ롣



112 ̫ѷ
һ붴ڣӭһ֪ܳͨδ
һٶʮ־СǰУ;һյһյ𣬷·ӭع
Ȼ֨֨
һ߾ʯ˹Χλû֮䣬˫ֿĴ
ۣ
һ֮𣬺ܿԽʯˣһѶѲ֫ϱۣʯ׷ɡ

Ҳ֪˶ãڣǰ¶һ΢⣬΢Уһһ˶Ĺ
һʯڳɣıڵʮյƣ֮⣬ıҲһֻĴȵڷһĹ餡
˹վã˿ɫʰ֮ɫ
֮ϣһ޴צͼͷλع餵Ĺͷλá
Сһȳ̫ѷף
ֹһЩˣõĹ餣ɣܶ޷죬ǧó϶޷ҧһС
汣ʬ壬һգ䣬漫õһϡ餣Ѱ˼Ҿò
򿪣
ûԥ˰벽һ˫ڱۣסͷλһȣ
飡
ʼʱ˿Ӵ󣬹һС죬ҫеĻذûг֡
Ѿţ֮ڽ߹餴򿪣ȴɶȻԭء
յģȻһ߿չף
ôҲ޷ţһϡ̫ѷףȻʲôҲûᣬֻǿյģôܣ
аϸ˰Σͷû߽ףǿյģʲôҲûС
˵ʬףΣһͷһ
Ȼʱǿյġ
ôʲôˣΪʲôҪһĿչأ
Ŀģʲô
к棬Խǰȥ
Ȼǰһֳԥһ£ѡм̤ǰС
֮ǰٴγһ޴ʯȸղǷ󣬻ɣʯֱͨ񷶥
룬ʲôҲûУɰڷһͬİ餣Ȼ֮󣬺͵һһģһʲôҲûУտҲ
ͷ·һЦڳЦ̰֮ˡ
һҧǰС
ǰٴηֳһΣš
ŵģͨϪˮǳضˮ
ˮ׵ɫûκԸ⿿
ѡǰ
ĸһףˣһÿУмһյ̫ѷס
һֱڰ
УӵʮĸУǿһһ洿׵ĺˮˮϿգͬһʯ̨ʯ̨֮ϣڷһͬİ餡
һݣƮʯ̨֮ϣһֽ򿪣һΣ棬ͻȻһöͨ׵˵ľᡣ
һǿ
ֳᣬһӣۣһɫ⻪·һննһʯ֮ϣʱǸʯѣΪء
Ϊ벿˿Ϸ죬δȴ
аǿᣬֻһλϹǿߵ֪˭ù˹ˣҲﵽĲΡ
ؼ䣬ǹꪣʮ˰иسиĲͬǣȴΪ˲ͬƷס
ƷΪƷƷһΪżһͣżߣΪ𣬴С
֮ϣΪһض䴫һأȻò֮
֮ԶʤһΪͨƷ׺ΪľƷ
֮ϣΪߣǶ֮ÿһ䲻֮
ӵһߣֻΪ͵ȵӵȱߣһλԪڵӣҲնɱһѨǿߡ
ֻϧȱ½ݴֻаڵ֮Ÿһ߼ı
ң˼ߣѾöˣ˵ǹͬӡĳһ˭Ҳȡ
֮ϣ棬Ǳȱ߸ϡУΪǿ֮һ֣˵һС
漶Ǵ½֮ϵĴ˵ڣκαߣâ֮£Բ²ˣ޷赲߸һ
ؼҲûж˼Ըضᡣ
½ڵӣһҲӵзƷıһģӵз߰Ʒı
ԪӣӵһЩС
ԪڵӣǿߣӵġҲֻƷѡ
ƷһһЩеĻԪڣԪ۷壬Լŵĳϣִϡ
ƷǾ͸Ϊϡˣ֪ƷϵҲûмֻߴӵС
ƷϵǾ͸˵ˣ½ܹҲûм
ֻڸŵĸ̫ϳϵϣӵһ
ڱ߲Ľ죬Ʒ֮ӡ
κһˣõһƷϢȥûӴţ֧ţȴģһʮֱҵ³
ԣöᣬȻһıʱʹҲɶˡ
ƥȶɲԼܹӵеİ



113 
˵ǺԥĽ뵽˴֮С
ʲôЦıҲգǲǼء
ϸһ£ûٷƷתȥǰС
öᣬʱڲҪʹã¶ǰǾˣֻҪܹúãû֪ûʲô
ھ
ʮ
һֱʮڹзһ
һΣõģһöССĿʯ
ʯ岻ԼӤȭͷСǣУȴһֳĸоһɽ
ͨڷϣִһ˿Ѫ⣬͸һǿҵζ·㵨
ʶϡ
ֻ֪ҪɵӣףʮչУеĳһûпǲ
ڶʮ
Ѿ֪Լžһˣֻ֪ѾºܾúܾãЩ಻ϵĴûоͷ
ͷ
һС
ٴεõһ
һΣһԼһָɫľ飬ľᱡǰĿʯ֮һͼ֪ʲô˼
ûжܣڴ֮УǰС
ʮʮ
ڣߵʮʱ쳣ĵͨƺߵ˾ͷ
棬ԭӦǿٵʮĵطһССɫ
ľͷƳɣǧ࣬һСС裬롣
Уȴ̫ѷ׵ӰһöССˮС
Уװһö͸ˮ
Ҫ֮óöˮУȴ֣һֵĹĻ赲ס
ʹǵĻ˿㲨ƶûз
ԥҪҪʹ֮ǰžʱǿдƹĻ˲䣬Ļ֮ϣȻûֳһ壺
žűԵôسеҼžڲžڵԵɣԼĻĺ֡ħϢ
޺޺ޣħħħġȻǿп򽫻Իٳ򣬴˵ؽ
⣿
ԥˡ
õѾֱֵ뿪ǿƻƣһֵˮ
ֻµΪžڵԭ
ѵžڱ𣬲ֻΪ̫ŰԵǻиεĻԭ
޺޺ޣħħħʲô
Īǣžڵĸʲô˲ܣ֮еġħ桱˭ΪҴû˵
ԥΣת뿪
Ȼûħ桱֮һ漰ȻһԼڵ󣬱֪ʲô¡
ңڶҪ֣ܸļžڣ׶ֻһǡħ桱֣֪漰ǷϣףâڵĴڡ
Ȼ֪žűԵžű֣һƽöͨˮ򣬾ؼһ챦ԶԼ֮ǰõЩʲôᣬʯľƬ
ǣȻԸ
֪ھӡǰԣΥʲô
ڴʱȻ֮ǰսžʱָоֳˣһΣ֮ǰǿңǧٱ
ʶУǱԼžɮϵˣһҵ¶ϲõı飬ƺǡ֮䣬ʲôʮصϵ
򣿼žڣžɮס
⣡
һʱŲסˣ¶˼ͷԼת
ѵ⼸֮䣬ȻʲôԸϵϵ
˵ڰеƷϵţԼžڵĲؾ¥žУȴӵⱾûзţȴֳڼžڵķΧڡѵֹΪҪѪħΪ̽ⱾŵܣⱾţʲôѵԾ֮׵ļžڣ
ɻ䣬Ӵ֮еöˮ򣬶Ȼһ㱣һĪı
ֹǱˣһִѣһžһ͹鷵һҵ⾳
⾳
Ȼ䣬ԺУӡƺַܵ΢΢һһӴ£ͬߵѹȻ֮ⷢɢȥ
ۣ
һ𣬡ŵŵšɫ۾öˮ˲Ͽع
ԺУղţذĸоͬˮһȥֻƬ̼䣬оԼԺʮһСˣеһС˵⣬ܣǰѾһЩȻĲͬ
ٿСʱƺѾֽܰĹ켣һһش̳֮Ȼʮ翣ȴֹ棬һִζ
ǡҲȱֽ⣡
ûǽ⣬öˮ򣬾ȻҵõѧϰⱾס⾳
Ҳ˵ľ
ѵⱾסĸöˮ򡱣ʲô岻ϵϵ
ԥһ˲ٻͷǰĹĻʱѾɲ
˰Σһҧ֣ĵڴģžҳ֮򣬲ѯħ䡣ϣ֪ҴǰơΥðֻ֣ء
ڴһ˲䣬оӡ΢΢һ˲һЩʲô
󣬾ĿɿڴУǰǲĻ·ˮһһȥ¶ȫò
Ǹѩ͸ˮ򣬾;ذڷе֮ڡ
һһ磬Ǹ͸У˳
һ˲䣬أԺУ˲両ֳǧٸ֡
ǧٸ֣תΪֵʶϿղ
ͼž



114 
ͼž΢΢һ
Īǣ֣Ǳ޽׵֣
ͼžȻ
Умž֣ͼž⵽һĽҪһľѹ֣ʹҵڷܣôҲ޷Žš
ȻŽرΪ򵽡ͼžľһ˿㣬ֻһӣҲܽ˽š
ֻǻ˵򣬵ʲôΪʲôȻ⾳֮ܣ
һεͷԼеС
Ŀ͸У䵽е֮ϡ
ƺǸӦǣϵһΣӡûٳ֣ԺУתȻ˲ֽ뵽ص⾳
ͣžˣõ
һ־ƽӵеͷ绯һºУʵָû䣬һһӡ
ԺУʮһС˶һʽһʽĹ켣ļӡ
ֻգʱ䣬͸ǰĸС˵й켣Ҳʽѧᡣ
ѧнͬһʱ䣬Ժּ˲֪нʲô֡
һСڶձ˲ϢĽ̬䡭
彣߽ڰ˽һֱʮһҲһģĸо
һƣо̶ֻһ˲Լȴ£ȴ£ǧɽˮ̤һֻʣ䡣
ϣâ£ϵ˲䱻ϣһ˲ѹ
ٿʱһĪϵƺѾѪѷָ

̧ͷ૵صⲿֻ²򵥰ȷʵžйأңͨĽ
ϵôͨˣ
һ֣ͬУս֮У͵Ϣ
ļƣף򣬲ܶãһΣҪ֮ã壬顣
ľľҪ£ᣬһͣȴܸ˿ƣ
ƣʱϢܻ⡣
Ҳ֪׬ˣȻʱ֪򵽵ʲôƷ׵ı֪̽žڸ£ûޣԼʵȻöܡ
պʵҲδһҪ
ƷԺĹкܶ࣬Ϳʼ漰⾳û⾳޷
¹࣬ʺÿ˵Ĺȴ֮٣ֻпԵ;µΣѧᡣ
ΪĴڣʹһʱ䣬ȴһѧᡣ
ȻϵƣڿѨ֮󣬵õıԽԽࡣ
Ԫʱԡ
Ϊ漰ƷϵĹʵ̫ˡ
ͼž֪Ʒֻһ⣬ÿζ֡
һ֮΢ָȻٴ򣬵ȴٲ·Ҳ߲ˡ
ٵȥˣưֻ֣ѾȼˣԼóȥǻˡ
ͷԭ·ߣأڵʮǰסˡ
ǰԭеĵ·Ϣʧﻹʲôʮ
ǰģһ޴İӣ֮У壬ߣޡ
һɭļ̣ݿӣ֮ǰһȥʱѾģȫʬĽ֡
⣿
һ㣬˲׹
һ·ô򵥣
֮ǰûڹĻǰģֱӴƹĻ
߲ҪֱʣתȥĻȴģܾͲһ·ƽ̹ʮأһ塣
ѹ֣֮ǰã̫ˣһ·ûʲôϰ˸տʼʱһЩʯˣûʲôء
ǣЩŵУŵģȴǳ˸ȥı
ô⴦£˼
ȻǷ񶨵ģôףЩرͱһһȡˣֵõ
Ȼǰ˿϶ûӹĻȰ棬ΪݽеĿݹǡ
ɻ䣬һǽڣ䣬¶һµĴ
ԭ⣬ܹͨе
ûԥֱ˽ȥȻһ·ͨ裬ܿ죬ٴλص档
ɽƬݺɽ֮£ǾߺɫʯѾ̮ʣһʯۡ
˭ҲԭǺˡ
룬Ҳ֪ĵ·϶Ѿǲͨˣǰʮشʮ崦塣
Ѩϵǿߣûпͨ
գ
ظһҡ
ãͼž׵ĶԼȤѡ·
Ȼ϶ҲЩǰһҵҪôĻȰ棬ȻͼԼʵ򿪹Ļˮ
ҪôּȵתߣܹĻĿ
ֻ򣬸ɴ෢һģͷͽӵһߣҲЩص壬ȫʬ
򣬼ܱܲ粻еʵ
Щˣȫˡ
ûʱ룬һݣԿݺ֮ȥһ·ػζط
Ƭ̺֮ǰ߹һСԺӡ
ĻζŨĵطԺϣһɫСȦ
⼴ư֣ϵ̶ϵĵص㡣
һȻĴ߶һУ״̬ư֣ˡ
Ȼ˴˵أȴˣһ֮УضѰȴûһҲѹ˽Ѱˡ
ͷ΢΢һůȻǻˡ
һöûн˵ľԶ
ѣɽ
΢΢һЦȥ
ư֣һعͷ΢΢һ֮漴Ǵϲ
ӵһһѱסСӣһȥˣүˣ㻹ΪѾѣ
ıһ仰ûж˵
ڴˣѾһвض˵ڲ֮С
ӱ꣬ưһŽߵһߣҲǰЦŴһţЦСӣ
ûжһ쵽ȥҲû˵
ԴɽУ֮䣬һرĬ죬Ĭγ˿ɾֵ֮顣
ֵܡ
΢΢һЦҲһ


115 ڣʥ
󣬾⡣
ưִЦ֪֪һ֮У㣬зһط
ʲôط
ֵʵưֺͳЦ⣬һѵҵйػԪ𻨵Ϣˣ

ưӶһۣưЦҾ˵һס㡣Ƿ֣һطлԪ𻨵Ĵڣ˵ʵʱԴȥԣһֱ
Ŷʲôط
Щʵ
һ԰Ī˵һҩ԰
ȴھʮһϿȣѾķãƣͨСҾ£ԭžǿֲҩή֮ҩӣȻγһ־綾塣ڽ֮ڣ˶εϢûһʵ˳ͨңΣաԣڴ˵㣬ҪҪȥ̽һǴҩȣ
ǻʲô
΢΢һЦǾΪ˻Ԫ𻨶ȻϢв֮̽ߣ·
á
ưȻҲ⣬ûа;ϵĵµõ׿ϣȻǴϲ
˵ǰ·һųӿʮǴҩ԰ȥ
·ʱɹһЩҵĹߣЩＴմմ֮࣬ٶʮ֮죬¡
ǽʯɴҲת˲֮䡣
治֪已̥ϣʲô᲻ֱӱһѿݹǣ
˲ҿСһٶʮֵľҩȸ
Ȼǰ֮һĿһʯ֮󣬵ͷǰһɫȻѿ
ǰ棬ȻѾӣȺˣƳҩ֮ǰĽơ
ӣϢӴһǻԪĵӣңڻԪУΪ͡
һϸϢʮӴ󣬵ﲿλ͸һ˿ƵĹâҪγѨļˡ
˲üһݣһۣü벽Ѩ
ˣȻһλ벽Ѩڵӡ
⼸ˣͬСˣǻԪڣˣǻԪڡ
ֻһˣȴŲΪһۣӢɫӲ԰ףȴǾѲ¶ԭʮ֮һʥ֡ҫ
ȻҲͻˣ˲۷壬ͻƵŲڸڡ
һεСȣΪʹָڣȸᵶԪ˼ĻԲѣʮУʧȥɺʮһʥ֡ҫʮƾǻ˲ϡ
ڣҲڵˡ
ȴ֪ôЩڵӻһ𣬶ҸСӣôͻȻŽأžС
Ҫ֪͵룬ͬóȻ˼žУͬ͵룬Υ˽ġ
ˣڵӵĴ£ǴҴһڣϹϾ͸¶һ˿η壬ֺá
Ȼµհ
ˣİĿ⣬ڵϡ
ֻͦΣϢһףʮƽӢ͸¶һ˿ʮֵаζ
۵һ۾΢΢˫üб罣һ˿⡣
ֵǣֻ֣£У¶·η䣬ѳϰߡ
ңȫЭǣֻ֣Ըɿ·ֻʣƤͷ
Ȼϣ˸еη壬;ģȴֻʱУֵ˫֡
뵽ٵУܴﵽѨ£壬ƣسġ
˶һۣԺУðһ֡
ǰݹʥ֡ڣʥ
˵һ
ǰĴڣҴԪڣԪڣȵĴڣôܿ⣿
ε֣ⷢûǵķˣлԪڣڣʥҲܸǵġ
Ȼ
棬ҫֺõڣ֣ллδѰ˻Ԫ𻨡һҳҫͻƵԪһΨڣհһӣ͸ڣˡ
ߣ
ԣڣʥһδͷҲδһ£·޶ԡ
ԱһԪڵĻ浤ڵӣŴԣ¶һ˿мȻؿһ۳ҫ
СӣҪˣ֮УԸڣʦֵĴڣ֪٣һСǿʮٱ
ǿڣʦֵıڣһڣʦ̽ռž棬ôҲܴ㣿
֮ԸΪҩȽƣѰһԪ𻨣Ϊҩ֮УȻǼžǰضֹԪһҩȻҩġ
ԣǲ˳һ»Ԫ𻨶ѣ㣬ûУҲܼѰҡ
ʲô飬Ҳֲǣǿûоȥʱʱһ
㡭
ҫ¶Թ֮ɫһ˵浤ӣȻȴֲɵͷȥĽɫ
ƱǿĿǰڵӵĶ֣˵˼ǰٵĴڣΪҲԶ
˼ǻԪڣĿǰԪǡ
㲻ҲڣʦֵĳнյĵλҵõԪ𻨣ͻƻԪһ׷ΪʱȡڣʦеĵλҪÿ
ҫаص
Ȼϣȴɫ
ڵƺ֪뷨ȻҲᣬ΢һЦͷҩ֮ϡ
һ㵭ɫĹĻ˸
ڣʦ֡
ҪڣȻһ󣬳ư֣ӣ˲ĵطһЦ
˭ֻСҡ롯ǳ

ư֣Ӵֲֻһ򾲣֪˵ϢԷҲԥ󷽷һư֣ˣ˳ȥ
ǣ
˼棬ۺ죬ֻһ˲ҫ۾ͱˡ
漴뵽ʲô˲¶Ц۾һתǰһֱδͷڵӣ˵
ڣ֣ǣڣʦ֣ıڣʦеƷţаޣڣⱾţӦûϡ
ţ
Ŵԣǰһ̣һֱδͷڵӣϢ˫ȴУһа꣬ڻعͷ
ؿһۣһ˿飬Įؿڣаޣǲ
ţ
һ̣ˣɫ䣬֪ƽδΣ


116 ض
ԥһ£վ˳
аؿ֮Уѳа޵
ⱾţҲûб׸ţ˹׵ƽ֡
£֪߲࣬Ϊ˵аؿߵİˣ˲֪顣
ԳҫȻݲǰʮ֮һȴ֪£Ϊаϡ
ټ˵ĳԹʹ֪ѾаϽţǻΪҡ
ˮԼԸưֵ֣ǣǰĵӡݹʥ֡ڣʥǰưˣȴʲôˡ
ڿһֱдţӣһǡƽ̶
Ѳǵģȴڵġݹʥ֡ڣʥ
ǳġ
һڵӣִһʱϢʧ˶˵ڣʥɵģ˭Ҳû֤ݣҲͲ֮
ʹһЩϣҲ֪£˭Ҳû飬Ϊ漰󽾰֮һڣʥ
˭ԸΪһѾʧٵͨӣȥһ죬ҪΪѨǿߵڣʥأ
뵽⣬ҫɵЦˣưˣ۾У⡣
ʵû;Σڣһϵڣʥưˡ
һ㣬֪Ҳ֪
ԣǲžѰ졣
ô죿
˶һۣ󣬻վǰ棬ӲͷƤڵڣʦ֣аѾϽţΪаֻܹڣʦһҪִµѯ
ţ˵ʲô
Ȼһ˫Ŀ۾У͸һɳǵĺ
аѾϽţһִµΪ֤ڣʦţܻͷ֤ǡ
ȻеǣȻϣɲص
˵䣬һУһŵƵķֽƮƮȻ䵽ϡ
ţ
ֻһۣ㲪ȻŭֳһԶƵ⣺СӣȻҽڣҵĶϽŻɹ׵ƽ֣ǻòͷ֪ʲôطžУҪɱΥŵӣ㲻ʲôҲû֪óңʹҲֶԸǣֻҪ֮ϱȥˣδԪ˽ž棬ǴɣҪġ
Ǻǡ
Ŷɫγˮڣʥ֪˵ЦȻȴη壬һЦڵڣʦֲġ
ŶΪΣ
ڣʥȤص
Ȼ֪ΣȻ죬ؿڵΪǣҲһӽ
֪һȣοǰ֮һڣʥڣʦ֡Ŵ¶ӦûӰ죬ֻҫԼˡǣڣʦֵĽȻԸһˮմϣ˵Ŀɶԣڣʦ֣
ţãһݣ˵ĿȥˡȻˣǾͲϱˣڴ˽ǣã
ڣʥضˣٺЦУһֽ̬ķ
ˣϳҫ״ҲһٺٵЦЦУ֪ѾưˣΧм䡣
״ư֣ˣһ
һڣʥѾѲҪ˵ټˡ
ʵ͵ĳҫҲŲΪ֮ӻһ㡣
ô죿ƴˣ
ȳ֣ռȻͻΧһһ
á
ֻգۼ䣬˾ͼƽϣûж룬ֻһ㣬㿴Է롣
˲ԼͬͬʱΡৡһ볯˰ΧȦĳҫȥһɱԶݡ
ǺǡС
УһԪڵڵӣмһЦһֻǡৡһ͵˳ҫǰһն
гֵģһʮصĴ󵶣·֩һϸϸܵ·
Ʒֻ̫һӽСķ롣
˵һһХХ䣬˶ľǲһ΢΢һʹɲʱѪζʱΪ֮һ١
ã
˿˲Уμˣ˲УξȻǡƮһԪڵӺߡ
ԭ֪ҫڶԷԤ֮ڣĿ꣬ȻһʵĻԪڵӡ
룡
Ԫڵ¶мЦݣһ֣˫ȭʱڣƷϽ׹ŭȭ
Ȼû뵽ǣϣ֪ʱһɫӨ͸ѣڴߣһƵ˲ƮĶ䡣
һ٣ȭʱ΢΢һ͡
ʱӵĽԪưֵİѾ빥͡죬ԪڵӣԲ˼λ
£߰˸ѪȻǱһɱ
ߣ
ûԥư֣ˣű򿪵һ϶سǰȥֱʹĻΧ
ߵô
ͻȻһĻ˰ҫڵˣû뵽ûԪڵ֮һȻư֣һ֮£һжֲ֧ס
Ȼдһֲ֮УҲ˲һɣȻʵǰ
ʱЩʱ˲һΧϡ
ȻһЩۿ׷֮ϣ˾ҪЩʵĹĻС
ڴʱһЦһɫӰ·һ㣬Ȼǰ赲סǵȥ·
ߣǺǣǻȥ˵
ڣʥɫһֻȻгһְֻݸɵþһ֦ƣֻʣ¼ͷ
Ȼһֻ֣һĳһǵأŨصþͷ·ѹĿֲ͵ǰ
һԣ˲֣ͨͨ죬䳾̲סۡ³һѪ
ֻһ˾ˡ
ư֣У¶֮ɫҲһпࡣ
ٴٻ췣֮ڣ񶼿ʱţٻ췣֮ʧģɽֱԼ
ҪǣֻҪٻһΣԼĹ䣬ͽֱͻƶʮ꣬ʱٽԪǰ;Ҳˣ߲ȥ
ô죿ҪҪǿٻһУ
ԥĵڣȻ䣬һЦڣʥ׷֮䣬ȻһѩҵĿݶˡ



117 Ӱ
ݶˣãһŮӡ
Ȼɴ棬ڸգһ˫۾Ҳʵʵѩ֮£˭Ҳʲôӡ
ڣʥ˸ϾɱȻضˣһ㵣漴ӦԷϵϢɫȻѿǺˣҪֹڣʥ𣿡
Ǻǡ
һЦض˵صֹΣǰ÷
ãáܺã
ڣʥ꣬һЦΪԼҲǰ벽ѨΪͿſ𣿼Ȼˣ㲻ãҲһ°ɣ
˵꣬һһ˾ȻȻһƬƮһβ磬˲ڰһӰضǰٶȿ쵽գѼ
ʹҲɸеͷһٶȣѹܳΪ֮һǱ֮ΪΪѲĴڡ
ƷӰ
ȻŹҲûеõȫĿǰֻǰأֻܴӰ
ǣֻأѾԶһƷҪǿ̫ࡣ
Ȼһᣬ·ӰһУһأ֮Ľ⣬·𣬶ʱ˲أȻһ
Ʒ׹ɽ
ֻô
ȻµĹѰ벽Ѩֻ»ûüӦ㱻иʬ
ǣضŮӣ죬ббһתڰлһȦ˾˳߲
ÿһ˳ĵ棬·ˮһ㣬һȻߵһΪֻɫ񣬵ڣʥֹǽǰ
ۣۣۡ
ֻһһɢȻضŮѾưˣ·ӰһѾʧԶ߲
״ڣʥվԭأûȥ׷ɫѾ쳣ѿԶضŮ뿪ıӰ˼
ڣ֣ǲ׷鱻С˵ȥ
ҫЩʣЩĵص
ס죡
һڣʥһ䣬תȥûлͷҫһۡ
ҫһΣԱһԪڵӣмؿһۣص
ԷɵµģҪ֪˵ȥҲûšңͨӣž棬Ѿ˽˵ȥǻûܵԼҪŵѡҪᣬǵıˡԷǴˣôŮӣ˭ȻڣʦֵĹ£Я˶ӡˣɲ򵥰
Ǻǣ˭һǲÿ
ԪڵӣҲһص

ˣֻǵˣ棬бأ
һɽ䣬ضŮӽ˴֮һӣؿڵ
л֮֮պ
̴ӵ𣬲˿ɫһ
ãҾһ˳ˣһ£˾ǣȻ͸Ҵž棬Ҳ·Ž뱣סСǼȥžУûô򵥡ȻԸ
˵꣬ضŮӣҲûж໰ͷҲأһ˾ٴĲգ̤ˮ֮ϣһһ
ٹƬ̣㼴ԶʧӰ١
ǿ󣬺Ĳ
վԭأضŮȥıӰƬ̣ſ˵һԣ˵
˲֪˭һ㼴ȥպԵټһҪմ˶
ư֣صص
š
ͷĿضŮ뿪ıӰĿ¶˼³һЩʲô
УΪﵽ벽Ѩᣬӵֲģһ
ֻҪ⣬һҵͿҵܱ֮ܲմ˶ˡ

ԥһ£ǿڵԪ𻨣ҪҪȥڣʥǣֻûжᡣ
ţ뿪ɡ
ưֺԥص᲻٣ضŮӲܴδλǵȴǣһڣʥˣҲȴǵģȫû³Ҳô뿪ԷΧ½ǣһҲž棬ֹһлԪ𻨣طҲҲ˵һ
ҲԣϢһᣬƸһƣȻ뿪ɣ
ȻֻһƣȻڣʥȷǿ󣬸ܿ⣬ϣٶһˡ
ưֻãȻˣأϢʱá
ȻӣΪ̫ͣڣʥһ֮£ؿ߹ѶǲܳС
ԣֻڴ˵أȥһʱ֣Ӳǿָһж
˶һֻۣһ˲䣬ʹɹʶȻͬżž롣


飬飡
һ죬ɢ죬ӭ潫һֻĳɻ
ư֣Ӹǲưַ֣ûֹͣһöö־ŹΣһֻֻ򴩡
ȻȻ˿˺Ҳޣưֻϸܴһ˿˺
ңԴһʱǰ֮أ˱㱻һȺΧ񲻵ýѡ
֣ɱʮͷˣȻЩԴԴɱһֻһֻǷ࣬٣֮׾ˡ
ٵòԮٹһʱ䣬ҪЩɱ
ȥˣ


118 չ
һۣư֣ԥƵ
Źǡӵң
һȣưָ΢һİ·ٲһ㣬жÿһö֮ϣЯſֲɭ֮
۲žɮġѪħٶס֮ʮǿ
Ȼ
֮ۡбЩеǲһΣӲԭأȻѸٱҡ
΢΢һ֮ЩɢΪâʧ֮䡣
ưеΪһСĸҰʹٶҲ̫졣
ֻ£ư־еֲסɫ԰ף֮İĴ룬Ҳֲ˼¡
һߣ״Ŀ΢΢һ£һѪ·һó
Ѩ֣
һ˲֮䣬ѹȣѨɾ磬һгз·ܲס󡰻һѡ
ֻʱһͣ顱һɢ
ȻŭΧʮֻϰֻ
ˣ
Ѩ֡ԵĹѨ֣ѿ˵һУȻҲԵȺʹãȴ˲ֹһ
£ֻһпˣ
֪ѧʮƶ񤣬ţٵÿΣֻһԣո޳ɵʽžˡ
޽Σ
˫һݣ˫ָԪϹбָա
һ֮žˣͣõľȻͷ֣˫ָ֮䣬һ͸׵߽Ӱ
ʵΪ
ͼžһʽУ
޺޺ޣɱɱɱŻ£ȴĴˣС˸£ɱ
һֲֿɱһ̣𵴡
ư֣ӲȻͷͼڿշ˫ָžӰһ¡
飡
غ¡Ƽ䣬пߵΪ룬ɢ
һֱ쵽ʮɿ⣬ϣһѷ죬ʯߣ̳
أء
ܵ˿־壬ҿֻԪһ̣ʮȥţһڵء
ҵ֪Щ־ֻһ˲䣬ǻعֻ£ʱѾ޿ܷڶ
һͬЩ֮⡣
ȻɣͬҲͨľ磬âδγɣ˿£ȫе֪֮ϣԲƷɱȡ
кôͬʱҲͬԣǿգɽӰһɲǣڵԪȴ·йբ֮ˮкһա
ʮ㾳ΪȻҲһӽһȻ£˵ͬˡ
ߣ
ûԥЩԥһ˲䣬Юư֣˷·һ裬תٶݳȡ
ֱ˵ӰʧвЩأءӰӿ׷ȥȻרƧ֮С
һʱڰЩһطǻֱӺڵأҲ

һ̾ưֺͳҲԴһսܵơ
ףԼ˵ʵžΧһսԽ룬ǵΪȴЩˡ
ѹֻԪϵĵӽ룬ԪͨӵȷʮΣգʱбɱĿܡ

뿪ɣ
Ϣһʱ΢ָưֿŶˣЩɥ̾һڵ
ȻԸϣòʵǣԼ˵ʵžȷǴȥˡ
ֻѾΣգÿζǲ֮ܳأͷɾǴ룬롣
ˣҲθˣصһΣѽڣѡ
ưҽŲλҲֻݺݻйһΣʱ·һһգòײá
ʵȻߣҲܹβ᲻صƣۿԽԽΣգȴʼûҵԪ𻨵ϢҲ֪²Ϊ
Ԫ𻨣ֻûôѰġ
ţߡ
ԪãͻƻԪҲһҪҪǣҪûҲǰ״
˲ԥ鶨֮󣬵Ȧ
һ֮ٴλصưֵԭ֣ǴܲлԪ𻨵ҩ֮⡣
Ȼڣʥ˵ӰѾʧǻɱĻԪڵʬ壬ҲѾ߶ԭء
أѾƿƣȥˡ
Щĵ̾һȻ۾һҲǻһλᣬԵõԪ𻨣
ʲô᣿
ư۾һͬʱʵ
ҩǲܽ˭֪ڣʥҫˣڲ棿
ǣΣɲһǡڸǡ
ңǲ棬˽ȥˣлԪ𻨣пܲժ⣬˻
ӿǣȻٺһЦ˵ҫ
ֻһ㶣漴ư˾׹һۣͬʱһЦãˣߣ


119 ɱԪ
ûԥֱԭ·صž֮⣬ڴ
ʱһһֹȥܼžһƬֻżһֻɢƮǶûȥܣ
˲һС֮££ͬȥʶֻʶʶ۲ΧһжС
һʱʱʱ
ûһ˿ͣʹ̵࣬Ҳû

һ֮
ž߳Ӱ
Ӱһһۣɫ԰ףȴϲɫ˵ȴԭʮ֮һʥ֡ҫ
һˣһ£ͷһʵ¯ǳ浤壬֮ǰ̹ĻԪڵӡ
ҫ磬ۼԽԽһͷؿڣ
ˣ˴˴ΣգԼȥɣǻҪȥ̽žġͲܴͬˡԪѾ֣дĶԪ𻨣ŵͻƵʮ۷壬ͻƻԪֵѴ֮ʱлǡ
ǣǣлʦֺڣʦֵˣȳҫͻƵԪһúøлλʦ֡
ҫһĵص浤ǰ˿
֮ǰΪʦ֡ԣԭԹ֪£һǰ飬ȻҲòЦ
ߣ
ʦ֡һתߣͷҲء
һߣһߺߵصҲ֪СʲôʺˣȻܵõڣʦֿأҪһΧ˷ʱ䡣ôûĺˣʱһӻĶԪ𻨣ǸɵӣֻҪԪϢˣҲͻƵԪ治֪СӺεºܣ
ȻǹöԷ˵֮ſ첽뿪󣬳ҫ΢ӣ˿ֱԷȥϵЦһһȥ
ߣɶΪԪôһЩ˲ҷڣҳҫͻƻԪܡ
ԭ֮ǰֺ̣ãȫǼװһеĿģԴԷĽģһͻƣʵźȡĵλ
漴תżžΧŲűʮ죬΢΢Ц
û뵽ҩ֮дڵҩȻôḻȻô꣬ܶѾããǣǷ˳ʮϵҩڣʦһõ֣УһĶԪ𻨡ڣʦҪ֮ãһȫˣ£Ǳˣ·߶ˣ˭ͻʱĶԪ𻨱ãµͻƵʮ۷壬ٽԪȵˣʱڣ˭߿һۣ

һЦݣ뵽⴦Խ
һЦһžƣصɽ壬ʼչأͻƻԪ
ڴʱּ
һҸûע⵽ߵΧΪɣ޷һ̼䣬һĿĽ⣬
ţһֻӲӵĽԪԼһƬѪɳ
ǡ
۽⣬ŵˣҫɫ䣬һҽУæ
Ȼˣһ˲䣬ǱǵĿĽʺٱǽԪԴһƬɳ串ǡ
ֻɲ֮䣬ˣϢ㸯ʴһ߿ݹǣ˭ҲıĿ
һֻƵ¹Ƥңԭǹ䣬ѾϢת֣һϡ
һӪƽϣĵĿԭΪ룬Ϊ˷ֵܿһ̣һɢޣֻޡ
һܣûκע⵽ߣ˶һۣһ˿ϲɫԥصͷߣ
һݣĻʧããҹĻ֮С
һ쿪ʼõĶԪ𻨵ĳҫϢʧ˵֮Уڣʥˣ˭Ҳûע⵽Ĵڡ
ڣʥ˲֪ΪʲôҲûнϱ½֪ģҲͱˡ

һʱ֮ǴƽƫƧȵء
ư֣˵Ӱ֣һϲɫ
۲һܣ˷֮˲žһ𣬴ֻƵ¹Ƥҡ
һƬ֮
ֽУץֻɫ·һĻʱֻһ˲䣬˾ͷˡ
ôҲû뵽ԼѰҵĶȻô׾ڳҫϵõ
ԭ´飬Ҳֻһͻ뷨쿪
ȻǴҩȴӵлԪ𻨵Ĵڣڣʥֻҫ룬Ԫ𻨣϶ϡ
ڣʥˣһμž棬ܽΪһϵڵӣĿܣĿģҩȲ˳ֶΪ
ôˣõԪ𻨵ĳҫܱƿһģžȥ
Ȼǲܡ
ôĿܣڣʥŻԪ𻨣лڣʹ˷ֱ
ԭԪڵ浤ӣ˻һ˿ԥ룬ԷȻҫֻ͵Χתȥ
͸˲ʱ
ȻĽһɱȻҫʵԲҲŲڣʤưֺͳ´ԭӦûô׻ɱ
ȻúܲסȺǣûзһʵʮлûӳһɣ㱻һǾУֱӻɱɡ
ôҲƵʮ֮һȴ˲ףΪҸĵʱ
νǸ֮У⸣֮
ʶưֵˡ
ʶڣû
˴ڵǰڣʥߣңưˣҪء
ûеõԪ𻨡
οܻн
ɼһнԵѭӦˬ¾ģڣʥֽ֮˻ɱ֮ʱ֮ĳޣѾ£ǲˡ
Ҳû˿
ңȻǳɹˣҲֻܹ̫
û뵽ǣǴҩ֮УȻлԪ𻨣һӣͳĶ䣬óҫ˳ˡ
Ƿˡ
һۣư֣˾һ֣ԪƵǰˣֻǸһ䡣
ܾưȴֹס
˴μž֮У󣬻䣬ҲӦ֮塣˵Ǿʮ㻹磬㣬ͻƻԪ⼸֮䣬ȸ㣬Ӧġ
֪һº󣬾ڵڴȣҲƵȣڴȺнǰʮڵӣһĻᣬࡣ
ҪμڴȣȾһ䲻ʮ꣬һΪͻƻԪϡ
Ȼûлˣ㻹УһڣͻƻԪǰʮеѣǣٿȥһҲ档
ΣǾ͵ͻƻԪʲôͻƻԪ֮ʱٸǾͺá
ңסͻƻԪʱһҪǰǣԪ𻨣ҲȽ㣬ԤһҪһγɹ
ֻһ£͵˵ͷá
֪ⷬŵ֪ư֣Ӵ˾٣Ҫķա
ܡ
һ£ͻƵԪڴȡ
૵صĿԶһƬԶ



120 չأԪ֮
Ԫڴȡ
ư֣ˣڴ˷ֱ𣬸ȥһص壬ʼ˱չء
ʱһһȥתۣǰ֮
֮УʹáԪʵͻͽӽʮ۷塣
һҹʼͻƻԪ
ԪԪʲôǻԪأ
ԪϢϢɵֵһĴڣ

ҹ䣬¸
㺮ڣʯУģҲһǹ£ž䣬ûһ¶ȡ
ƫƧȵػص壬Ѿȥµʱ䣬ȻȻﵽʮ۷壬̽Ԫ֮·һȥȴһá
⣬Ѿǵڶ
ڴȿʱ䣬Ѿʮˡ
뾡죡
Ԫ
૵صĿӹĹ㺮Ͽգ΢¶硣
ڴȣֳơȡСһһʮ¡ʢĻԱСȸĿ֡
ңҲḻ
ڵӣÿ꣬ŻһڴȣСȵһһȣԲͬ
Ϊгɵĵӣڴӱǲ˫գøľ޴ôպǰ;չ
μڴȵڵӣһǰᣬǾͲóʮ꣬ΪڻԪϡ
ڻԪûвμڴȵʸ
Ҳ˵֮Уһᣬ츳ߣܲμӱԣŵӣЩ͵ŵӣûʸġ
֮˿ڴȣʵΪư֣Ӷǡ
֪ڴУǰ٣ǰʮǰʮǰʮǰȣвͬĹ׵ʹ͡
⣬֮ʦҪʮ׵㣬ԼԶľء
ڴϣӱһΣֻǰ٣ǰʮҲܻһʲƵĹ׵㡣
⣬ġ
Ŀ¶˼
˵һεڴȣǰ٣ÿ˾ٻǧ׵㣬ǰʮÿһǰʮÿһ塣
ǰʮϣߡ
ߵģɵ
Լ룬ǣֻҪõǧһҲʤޣһ壬Ȼá
ʡȥԼ֮ˡ
ң⻹һЩҲԻɹ׵㣬ͬһʲƵĿ
ˣѾ¾ģڴȣԼһҪμӣңҪ룬ҪһΡ
ǰ壬ǰʮǰ٣ǰʮҲҪԼһΡ
ôڴ֮ǰͻƻԪòμڴȵʸ񣬱ǵ֮ˡ
Ԫ
νԪ
˵Ԫߣ֮ʼҲ
Ԫδ֣Ϊһ
Ԫ֮УΪڣ⣬֮նն̫֮ޣ̫֮ΪΪԪΪʼ
磬ޣУգۿ֮仯ȻܳɾͻԪ֮
磬ޣУգۿ֮仯ȻɻԪ֮
˼ⷬԴǣͨȻȴƺŴĹ켣ʹٰ˼ʱڣɲ⡣
ԪԪϢɴ֮Ρ
ԪģǵϢ
ԪϢɷ֮
ٸߣʮ۷壬Ҳͨˣ磻
ԪٵͣҲ׼ˣ֮已̥뵽˻ԪϢľ硣
Ǿһɣһ
Ȼһؿȴ֪ס˶ˣһǰ£Ŷ롣
ףԾţǧľţжѡ
ÿһˣʵգɹߣ޼
ɷһǧͨУܳɹߣмأ
·죬ϡ
·࣬ߺζ࣡
·μѣӦҽŲɡ
ɣ
һ̣˼ֻҪŪɷ֮𣬻ԪҲûôˡ
ֻҪ⿪ѵ㣬ͻƣҲͱ˳¡
ֻǣνɷ֮أ
ԪָԪ
ϢָһһϢ
ԪϢԪĺϢ
ԪϢԪǽصԪԼ壬ԼĽ࣬һһϢ䣬ɢ֫ٺﵽգɷıԼܣԼһݡ
ԪϢ
һ˿Ĺ켣Ҫһ˿ع
һҹͷףóüһֱٵչơ
ڶʱ䣬ֽȥ
ȴһá
ıֹʱ䣬ֱƽ졣
ȥУˣʱ䣬ȷԼڵԪ˵
һ̧֣˲䣬Уһöͨ͸öĿĳɫӣɢһ㡣
ǽƷҩ֮䣬֮һԴڵԪΪ⣬Ԫ
ӵ˴֮Ԫߣ̤ԪΣսҪСö࣬ɹʣҲöࡣ
˹ͬãӦ˹֣ǣưֳʱ٣Ϊ˱֤ɹʵɣ£պͻƻԪ취ֲ
գʢȴҲֻôӦˡ
Ϊͬף֮һ޷ӴԪȫϡ
ʱһļֵ˷ѣȸԼ
ʱԼ취ҵֵͬĶǼɡ
ҲˣͻƣŸʧܡ
̷
۾һ̧֣еöͻУ˲仯ΪһŽҺֱ͸Ƣ
оԼƺҪһ㣬ԭԪʼϷڣһ˿˿ʣų
ڵԪʼѸټ٣Щȴø͸Өһ֮



121 ͻ
һʱȥʱȥ
ʱĸʱ
һֱʱ
ڵ֮ҩڳ׻ӷڣеԪҲΪ֮һС
ȻȻˣȴʤһԪһֵɫȻȻͬ˿罺ʣϣ顣
֮Ԫ
¶ϲɫǹ֮ص˵ԪˣӵԪ°빦
ҪģǼԪ۷徳硣
̷Ԫҩֹ죬½Ϊʮ۷塣
ʱĸоѾȻͬˡ
֮ǰʮȣоԼʱѾǿһһȭӳоȻ࣡һ죬·ʽɻѹϳһϸϸİ׺ۡ
벽
ôˣҪԵģͻƻԪż
ʱ䣬Ѿֻʣ󲻵һܡ
ԽԽˡ
ٵˡ
ʼûԪ𻨡
ȻԭͻƵԪڣȲѣֻˡ
ʦԼˣԼðգôؾʦԼˣˣΣԼΪͽܣΪβΪʦһʲô飿
µһԪ𻨡
һڣԪ𻨾һϢľǽš
Щ⣬ܿ죬ǹϢУ˼ƣһصġξ
ξУʶ·ͷգһһľĬĬܵ
漴֮ʱڶʱ̣̫׹壬Ĭ
ֲͬı仯ͣļ䷢ʱһһֹȥһʱ䣬ĸУȻȥ
ڶ졣
ٴηһԪ𻨡
ÿԪ𻨣һ꣬ԪԪ֮󣬱÷ʳߣһ˿Ĺ켣
ֻҪ˿Ĺ켣ָ߱мĿܣͨ򼰻Ԫ֮⣬մӶﵽԪ֮
ҹͬˣҸܸһЩоԼԪڵƿһͻƵļ
ÿΣһ̵ʱǲôһ֡
תۣʱȥһԪѽֻ࣬ʣһꡣ
Ѿо˻Ԫżһأǿ粻ȥ
һ죬Ѿȱޡ
ٵˣȻûͻƻԪ֮ڣԼҲһԿ
֮У̷Ԫ𻨣еһֱ֮˵ʵĸӦõޱȡ
֮Уȥȵȷϣʱ䣬ʱ䣬ԼĻᣡ
ȵʽʼԼһѾͻƻԪǲ֪
뵽⣬΢΢ü
ӰһѾʯʧ


ڡ
ִ
ڵӲμڴȱڡ
һִ¿ֵĵ㣬лԪ
Ҫ֪٣󣬹֮ţǺصģ
֮ţ
ֵʵ

ִЦһεȣڶ࣬첻һѡηʽбӣһ֧ؾɽմһӣýʸ񣬿Բμȡ֮ˣʧܣ
ɽ

ִ»ش𣺡Ԫ£벻˻ɽöԣҪĴңңΪãͽ׵ӣʹڻɽУҲǵ׵Ĵڣû˻֡ɽУ򣬼ʹڣֻҪΣǡʹȥ಻߸ͣʶһ޵Ĳпѣ
ģһҪ
á
ִŭ漴Цãã󣬵㵽û֣㶮һϱãȥְ֮
ֳʣɿǰһ沼֮дƬ̣һµĴ֣ıϢ
𲼸棬صˣ
״ͷһۣƺҪ£ԥתִ̤ص塣
죬⣬Լˣ
һԼͻƲ˻Ԫǡ
ûж룬Ϊ֪Լһɹ
ԣ֪ͻƻԪڼҲûҳˣʣµԪ𻨡
ټԪ𻨣ԼɻܳɹҲûʲô˷ѱıҪˡ
ɹʡ
۾һգµһһԪ𻨻Ҷ
ֵĸоһΣƺĵطߣĶԶ
ʯ֮У˼ƣɢգоһĴţǰ֡
һһҹȥ
ʼµڶĵһСԪ𻨻Ҷ
䣡
ſʼζڵԪ·Ϣһ˿˿ı䣬ʯ֮УԲˣȴƺһĸı䡣
죬Ҳڴʽʼ֮ǰһ죬һҹ
µСԪ𻨻Ҷ
䣡
ſʼҡضʶˮ֮Уʼת䡣
ϹŴ˵ԻʼԻԪԻ︺һ
Ӿŷһ죬أкϳˡ
Ҳ˵֮ߣϸ֮γ죻֮ߣ֮󣬷Ϊء
سԪʼ֡
գ߷У
ǰ˾飬ĬĬԼеϢģоһЩߣϸڵϿգγһЩɫƶ䡣
еʣɫңȴ䣬ںףֳһƬɳɫڰ׷
ĵ磬ǣʵм䣬ȴָһƬԪˮ
ԪˮԣһĵУͻȻļ䡣



122 ӡ
ΪΪɣΪΪУ
ԪԪǽس֮ʱںΪһ
νǴ
سȷ֣϶ΪһΪΪԪ֮
ԣǻԪ
Ԫǵ
һ鶼ǻԪ壬⣬Сڡ
ν󣬼Ȱ˻ɣֳĸ˻Ԫһ塣
ԻԪУԪ£һĻ컯˶
Ԫɲأǽȥ˾ӵپ͹ʱα仯Ԫ档
̶֣һС
һ̣оԼͻƵˡ
Ȼڶ峿ʱ
أȻһƬ谵һĨɫʡ
ԶգͬȾһϼϼٺ죬̫ԶɽƲ֮䣬Ծ¶һǣǧԡ
ҹĽ棬µתͬһʱ̣ӳġ
һ̣ͷ͵һһֵ״̬
Ϣ࣬죬ʶ磬ѡ
ˣƻصӤ״̬
ĵ֮УĹ⻪Ȼֽֿ䣬󲻶ϵûԪˮ
ͬĹ⻪ȴһʱֳ̣һһ״̬ͬʱûԪ֮ĻΪһɫ
ɫͬԪ֮ףһֳξ͸·ɫ
ĵϿգһһµ࣬δʵ֣Ȼȴкڰ׶䲻Ͻתը졣
Ȼ䣬һߺȣϣ
䣡
·ǳ۵糸棬ǳƺ͵ըûӫӫɫֲͬĹ⻪ȻԪˮ֮УΪһ塣
ˣƺȻϢϽأȻ¹
侭֮Уȫſһգ֮⣬һڹų
˲ʵӨ񣬽⣬ѪҺ㣬Ѩϣ·Ҳ֮ӿտһĨɫ¹⻪ǳ
Ԫճɣ
һ̣۾޷Զһֵ֮Ĵ壬Ϸɢ
ǰɽʱˣ
ӵһԾ𣬳ݳɽķȥʱ򣬺ȻоԴһѣ䣬ʼԺ
ӡиӦȻ֣תǾ޴ӡ֮ϣЩԾ׵磬˸ƺ˹ӵԼ
֮ϣֻ׷ƻģ͵ޣһɲǣƺգһԼ۾ָֻء
۾ϵһ˲䣬ƺڰһ˲漴ֱΪ磬ʱ̣֮ڳѨ۷ĸˣû˸Ӧ
ʹǼѨĸˣҲΪǴ
漴ǸأϣտٴԺ֮г֡
بޣգ
ɱɱɱɱɱ
һʮɱ֣·ںâתһεڴţһԺԶ֡
һΣƺҲһ˿ϸ΢ı仯ƺøӸߴһЩҲһЩһЩ
룡
ʣҲ֪ôʶ˲仯ΪһţС
ʹѾͻ˻ԪѹȻȥоԼƺСˡ
й֮ǰľ飬Ҳôη壬ֱһưϺɫţ˱С
ͻԪӡڶ㿪
Ǽ췣֮ǿڶ֧ѡ񣡡
û˿ԥѡ˼췣֮
ڶ֧ȻҲʮҪĿǰ˵ǰвڣ޷ɱһͷѨޣΪҪ㡣
ڶβͨҪֱĨɱ
ˣĺܳܡ
ԣǰȻǾӡδĵڶ֧ʮĶȴѡֻܼ췣֮
췣֮ɣڶ췣֮ɻɱѨһдڣѨϣҲһشͻѨӡ㣡
ڶ췣֮
߽
ɫ֮ϣԭŸ͸ĹţѾ˻ɫѡȡ
ӡֱǣӡӡˮӡӡɽӡ
ӡ˻ɱ壬Ϻϡ
ӡͻӡ˶ԸžɮϣҲһǿпӡʱ
ɽӡڶʮ㣬Ǯϣˮӡ֮У۶ޣòĴǿп
ӡңӡȴš
Ȼһ˲䣬Ѿҵӡŵӡͬʱ˾޴ı仯
һĹ⻪ھӡ֮𣬹âĿõò۾
ȵһ۾ģǽȻͬ
ǰľӡͬһʱȻӡ֮ѾȻͬ
һʹõľ񷣣ӡģӦһССɫӦǵڶ췣
Ȼڣ췣֮˵һ׵磬֮ԭ׳࣬ɫ˸һġž𻨡
ôž֮ȴƺ˵Ķġ
һ֣߹ȥ䣬ɫ׵𣿴û˵ֻϵɫɫ׵硭
ǣȻ⣬ͬף׵Զԭǵɫ׵ɱˡ
˵Ѩǿߵ



123 ڴȿʼ
һʱ򣬲ɳһ
ţơ
񷣣ףм췣֮ǧƹԻȡ
ԭһҪĵƹҲˮǴߡ
һƣһ룬ҲȻ췣֮ˣƹȴֻԭ٣ֻһҲȷ˵ۡ
ֻǣ󿴣ߣڰˣھŵ췣֮ʱ΢һ
Щ췣֮δʹùģһɵĶתͬˡ
Ȼʱʾ֣Բһ
񷣣м췣֮һǧƹԻȡ
һǧ٣һ룡һ룡
һ˼ת˲˹
Ϊĵ췣֮ԼδʹãһԺʹĵƹҪࡣ
ǽҲǾ档
Ҳ˵ԼȫֻǿĿ£ֻƹģһ˾
ԣĸΣþãԺ󣬷ӵģױȵļֵ
һУƹƹ
иƹһʲô
ʱҪһЩƹˣֻΣȥȡ
ת䣬ȻܿռиӦһöɫ˿оʾᣬȻɳ䵽ġ
һ֣ӹᣬֽǰ̯
΢ɨһۣ˲һ㶡
֮ϣϵ£һе֡
ɱ׼ƽ޽ⱪһֻƹʮ㡣
ɱҽ׸߼ޣһֻƹʮ㡣
ɱҽмޣ滢һֻƹʮ㡭
ʣƹٶʮ㡣

ɱͽˡǿʹǣƹһٵ㡣
һ̷ƹٵ㡣
ɱ˼ˣϺϣ췣񣬽ƹ˰ٵ㡣
ʣƹŰٶʮ㡣

ɱҽмһһֻƹʮ㡣
ɱƽ׳ޣһͷƹʮ㡣
һ̷ӡӡƹһǧ㡣
ɱ˼ˣžɮ㣬ƹ˰ٵ㡣
ʣƹ˰ʮ㡣

ɱ׼ƽѪƹʮ㡣
һ̷ɽƹٵ㡣

һ̷ˮӡƹٵ㡣
ɱƽޡ
ɱƽ׺ޡ
ƶ񳬶ɣƹٵ㡣
ɱ
ʣƹʮĵ㡣
ԭһż¼лãʹùƹ¼
ôϸǾӡڶӡ֮ˡ
벻ֺ¡
¶˼Ŀǰһʣƹʮ㣬ǣѾٵһ췣֮޷ٻˡǿٻƹɺ֣ǿԪĴ¡
ˣҲɽӦÿҪˣȻعͷʱо
ʶӾӡ֮˳صʵһվҪ뿪
ȻʶһüͷһԼϣܵһɵĳζ
žԼ֮ϣƺһɫ۹⣬ǻԪϢı已̥֮󣬱ؾһô
ϴһ飡
һΣѾʯ֮мݶ㺮ⲻԶһС·һѣֱ˽ȥ
ˮȴ˿ˡ
ָоҲûС
Ƭ̺һ㣬´ӺˮվѾӢˬһƬ
뿪ǰɽ
£ٲɣһݣѾŻɽķȥ

ɽ󶫱ǣһģƫƧСɽ
Ȼ˭СɽǾҪùˡ
ټļ֮һ˼ž棬ɽҲһ
ŸָƽϵޣͣҲǻƽ׳ûлҽڵĴڡ
ǿģ˵׼̽ףҲ൱еİ벽Ѩ
ɽһֱΪһصʹãƽʱ򣬾һ峿ȴʼȺĦࡣ
Ϊ꣬Ÿ߲㣬ɽΪڵӴȵĵһˡ
бڵӣһ磬һãμӻɽˣ͵ģҲﵽ˻Ԫ
ЩڵӣΧΧĳ͵ư֣ӾС
ǵȵЩġ
ôû
ѵʧܣһѾȥˣ˵ͻԪ𻨣Ӧòܲǡ
һ£ʮ㣬ҪͻƻԪȷеǿѣɹҲ
ϧʱ̫һЩٶֵܶһЩʱ䣬һԳɹ
ҲѹǵȵĽΪĿǰΪֹ涨ıʱԽԽųϵӰ֣Ӱδ
Ǵ󲿷ڵӣһ䣬ʹƽ˿ӣʱҲȫɽͷңңվ
ѵˡ
ڶ紵ѩ裻ݹʥ֡ڣʥ壬һǧ񾩡
ֻʱδ
һУΪصġƽ̶ԼУΨһŮӣģ˭˲ʶƷɡ
ף쿴Ҳˡ
ĿһתȻʲôһȵָ
Ӧѩ飬Ͼ飡
ư˳ųָĿⷽȥ漴ҲĿ¶΢ȣ¶һ˿ɫ
ԶŮǰ
һһϮɫ£һϻ䡣
һһ£ģ콣еıʶ
Ȼû˸Сˡ
Ӧѩ飬Ͼ飬һڵŵӣȻ̶ʱ֮ڣͻͬʱ콣ڣͬΪڵӰǰʮǿеǿ֮һ
һѾԪ۷֮ڵӰǰʮ
һȻԪڣҲѽڵӰǰʮ
ţ˵ǹɶĿԾӣȼˣƺûп
ЩУư֣ӵ̬Ϊ
ΪǣǺͶԷͬһŵĵӡ
ȻȻͬΪһڣǣ̶ֻʱڣȴ·ǵ֮࣬ԽԽԶۿҲû׷ϵĻᡣ
Ȼͬ
ΪǣǺһͬʱĵӡ
ڣԺܶˣһŵļӣû˸С
ʹư֣ӣҲ⡣



124 һ
ֹư֣͵͵شǣһ̣ˣ˾֮ʱɽĿȥ
Ŀ
Ͼ΢ߣ㵽ӦѩȻӦѩδעӵĿУͥŲ
ܿ죬ߵһʯ֮ϣվԲȴöڵĿ
Ȼɲʱעˣܿ죬һ˵˶Ŀת˹ȥʧ
Ʒɡ
һϮȹ̬ӯڣȻֻҪ࿴һۣ;Ʋ۾
ٶ࿴һۣ񶼻塣
־޵ֳٵ˵ˡ
ƷƷɡ֣Ѿ˵һС
֮ضеĿעĿĽ㡣
ȻĿбӣһռ䣬Ϊ˵ľ̾΢һͷ
ɣˣ
ƷɵӰһ֣һӰȺܳһϮ£忡ǡ񾩡
һͷȻ
ͷһӰ
һ£˫ĺڣǴһ˿޵Цݣ䣬ȴְҡ
ƽĬĬԶͷƮ翹׾ž
Ȼֻˣһ˫ƺһ£漴ַ¡
紵ѩ裡
ڵӰڶĸˣһġƽ̶֮¡
Ȼǲͻ
ֻԼòҲôɣڵӰ֣ƷǰԱǱԼõɹҪˡ
·ˣƽһ㡣
ףˣڻ˭
ƽ̶
һԻͷȥȻͼһʹֽᣬȴһɲɣ˹
ߵƺ
ߵƺʮġ
Ȼٶȣȴ죬ֻһգۣǰʧȥټ
һգۣѾһ߸ߵʯ֮ϣ泯ԶĿįƺ廳һʮʹ顣

Ҳˣ

ȺУȻ𣬡ƽ̶֣ȡ˭˲ʶƷƺ𶯡
ڵһǸһֱأһֱǿĴڣڳ֡ʱ֣һֱֻǵĻ֮С
ۼĳ룬һڴȣڽ˳
ϵϢƺˡ
ǡ
Ȼһȣ𾪣ҪӽѨϢˡ
ڵһֻ̶̶ȻʲγڣٶȣȴԶˣǱܱȡ
ϾҪͻѨˣαϣضϽ壬ڵһỻˡ
Ҳǡ
ڵӷ׷׸̾ţʱĿ⸴ӵʯ׵ɣӰȾηĽΨûмʡ
ΪĿ̿࣬κŶʲģ츳ڳˣȴߵźڵǰУ˵ȥֻ˳Ц
Ȼ㲻Ϊʲô츳˺ãȴ˼ң˵ףŬ⡣
ʱĸ顣
ټģˣͬһʱ䣬ҲĿͶעˡƽ̶ϡ
Уһ£忡ɵ裬ĿӺأݹʥ֡ڣʥս⣬һĨƷоȣҲһĨս
Ψġ񾩣ȻĿͬƳһ£ȴֺܿĿתƿȥ䵽һ˼Ʒϡ
ף
ûע⵽Ⱥ֮⣬һ䣬ưֺͳӵɫȴȻ΢΢һ¡
ûٿƷɣûпǸ֮УâɣͬԴһ˵ġƽ̶Ͷһ
һٻӷΣɫ԰ףƺ󲡳ȴȻҲӵŻԪΪµӡ
ԪǲǺʮ֮˾ţӵлԪûеģǲ֡
ֻư֣ӣȼմڽͨӣڵӣûﵽ
Ȼ
ΪٻµϣͲ֣ܲ𾪣𺶣ɻˡ
ΪͻȻ֣˹עͬʱȴֺȻӵлԪΪɫ԰µӣȻǺư֣ͬһڵӡ
ǰʮ֮һԪ˼
꣬տʼ֮ʱûûţû֡
ȻԴСһսһı̿ȸᣬսʤԭʮ֮һ֡󣬾ȸ𣬳Ϊһĺ
ĺ
ȻаؿУλĪ⣬ʮֵڵӣȴͻȻʧ٣ȵʱȴаؿһǣˣ
ʧȥ˽ڵĻᣬңʮͷҲʧȥ
ôͻȻڵӣңͻƵ˻Ԫ
ԭڵһϽ컪ҲڳΪڵӺ󣬷áСѪǿͻơ
֮⣬ԭʮУڶļˣʱԪһξ롣
ʮ֮Ϊף߲εĴڣôã֮󣬾Ȼͻ˻ԪҽΪڵӡ
⣬ôܣ
ѹưֺͳһȣ𾪣ףֵüֱ̫ˡ
գףͲӦó
˶û˵ѹϢȻҲʱ̫ãǹע
ǣһȻת˹һӵǿʵԽԭʮ֮ŵˡ
ư֣ˣοԽܣ
ܲܽܣⶼʵϸ˲۾һΣֻýʵ
üĿһ£ɫ԰׵İٻӣߵȺУ漴ĬĬվһ˴󺣵һˮһ˿ע档
˶ãưҲɰĿƿ
ΪȺ֮⣬̤죬ڳϣѾǶ
Ӱδ֡
˰Ϊһ亹


125 Ϲ⽣ϣ
б˶ûУ
һ䣬׳ӣߵǰʵ
гϵǰ棬֮ˣ˵ĻȻֻͨѯʣȻڵӣȴǲɴһ
ƺĻһ
̵ϣٽɱȨ档
ϣϢУ·һɱڵӣĿ⣬òܿͷȥ֮ӡ
󲿷ѵ롣
ʱִִ£һСţǰص
˵˴һЦ̧ͷ곤ϣȴٴοڵһ⣡
˭
곤Ȼɫһ䣬
һСӣ
ٺ١
аЦСӣңҲ֣գҲҪܡ
ţ壬
Ȼ֮⣬ǰ漸֣ӻûʲôʾ֣֮ϣȴ΢΢һƺһ˿⡣
Σһ֣ˣȻԷûȨڣڴȵһѡΣʽʼ
⡭
ǰִһ㵣ǲš
ʲôʱëãŹһ覴õ̵ɱ񣬱ô˵ˣ
˱ȴʱɣץסһΣģҲҪѵһ٣ȻֻȨ£

ҪڴʱԶ֮⣬âһ
ţ
곤ϻعͷȥͼһӰ·׵ݶ֮󣬾͵ǰ
ǸȹΪӳ٣ʣһԲμӴ𣿡
˹һȭص
㡭
һϲ⣬Ҫִ£һݣ̶ܵϵϢһɳ֮⣬ɫһ䡣
ǣĻԪϢȻˣ
ԭΪ£һҲûˣֻ˿
ɲڡٽɱǰ£ʱ˵ڲͻƻԪʱûͻơ
ôٽɱ񡱿϶ȳ鱨Ϊȵѹزϣְʱ͵ùˡ
ִ˿ӿһǶ˶ƺ˵ʲô֪뵽ʲôֱ͡
һ֣λ
ǡ
ɫһϲ˻ȺС
ˡ
ٽɱû˵һ֣ڵڴȣͬ죬һ㣬ǴˣѾִ½˵
˵ͷȻҶѾ֪ˣҾͲٶ˵ˣֻ˵㡣
һǹ򡣶ǽ
ڴȣǣɱƺͻơ
νɱƣɽؾڣѾһһͷСͬǿȵޣÿֻϣвͬıʶŻɱ
ɱߣɱ֮ˣӦ֡
ֳһǧߣأǰ١ǰһֲǧ˳һΪֹ
ȻҪмһ㣬֣ɱ޻õĻ֣ȻƣǿԻģʲôֶζʹá
˲˺֮ͬ⣬ӣ͵Ϯ¶ԷŰԲ壬ƭ
һܳɹֶΣǶãԣⳡҪ㣬Ҳˡ
һޣɱޣɱģơǻۣΣա
ҪСߵÿһˣÿһ£ճɹߣܽǰ١
Ҫ˵ĵڶ㣬Ҳǽǡǡĵһ㡣
һŹ׵㣬Ǯ߷аƷŲһʽ
ڶĵһö֥ǵöСѡһŹ׵㡣
ģʮƷţķԪ߽߽һ׵ᵤħ۵ȣҩƷһ׵㲻ȡ
ǰʮ
ǰ٣
нͿܲܳɹûУ
ˣ
е̲סһӦĦȭƣͨ졣
ȵһȻܵõƷŲһʽҿ϶ԼɽĶţֵͲ˵ˡ
Ȼ֪Լ϶òǣֻʽҲ֪һΣŶδȣôӡ
ȻĽԲһҲȻĶ̶ۺȡ
ĵ֥ǵ
ߣһǳħҩԼİ˸õͻѨ硣
Ǵǵĵҩӵֲ˼Ч
ټСֵͲ˵ˡ
Ŀǰ󲿷ݵӣӵСҲʮټʹԼã׵㣬ҲһʲƵļֵ
ģͬСһ̣˶䶯ˣǣĥ޲ھʹɱһõһ
˵ı飬ЦˣҪľЧ
ãȻˣ棬ͷֱȥִȡƣǼڻɽ÷ռ֤һʧȥʸԶȡûС
ˣ

䣡
бӣ쵽һöɢŵ͸ƣ곤һ֣䣡
öĴŻ򿪡
ƺȻһɿµϢ·һħƵ콣Уɢŷֲѹ
ǽɽؾڣԪ޷콣ѹƣֱѪɢ
ԣû˸Խ
룡
һȺļڵӣѾȲԥ˽ȥ
漴ɫâһЩڵӣѾõ󣬲֪͵˻ɽһ


126 Ϲ⽣£
ȥһյʱ֣󲿷ڵӲŽϣʱӦѩ飬Ͼ飬һۣҲڶˡ
ǴȺ߳ԽˣһݣУһˮƲ
漴˽ʧӰ
ʱԭǰ壬ȺѾʮϡ٣ûʣŲ죬һС
ƽ̶ȣǡ紵ѩ裬ݹʥ֡ڣʥǡ˭˲ʶƷɣһǧ񾩡
ڣʥ֮ʱĿͻȻƳһۣ֮Уζһ⣬˲õԤС
ǻɱҫ֮£˾Զɱġ
˻ɽ֮У̫ƽ

뵽ˣֲ΢΢һЦη塣
Ҫǻң˭ʹһЩۣڣ˻ԪҲνˣ
ûʣµһ𣬳öڣ˵ưǰһЦȻ֣ӻȡһСƵǰ
סȥˡ
˵꣬һݣҲ֮С
ˣͷؽĸоһϮһһˮݷḻ鲼Ĺȵء
ǣ
һԥϸ۲۲ܵĶδʲôԵΣգԥִԱһһ֦ĳǰȥ


ư֣ҪסԪ˼ѲҲμڴȵ£ȴһûץסѾУʧ
Ҳֻεջأԭء
תͷЦеص˵ֵܻǿ󣬹ȻȻͷͻƻԪɹ̫ˡ
ʵʹǰʮҲɽǰ١
š
ưֵ˵ͷЩĲɡ
ιôˣ
´ǰ˰֣е
ιι
ֱưֲŻع΢ЦһСãֵǵģʲô
ôµõ
ҲµõǻԪ𻨣㿴
˵֣꣬в澲ŴԪ𻨣ԭ꣬ʣ꣬ɢŵĽ⡣
ֵܾȻȻû꣬ǣ⣬⡭
ưֺǺһЦûлشĿöڴеģһЩ

ɽС
һСС
Ƭƽԭ֮߳һ·ûпκΣգҲûпκˣ³˵޸֪ںδ
ԣһ·⴦Сɽ֮ӸԶܲ
ڴʱȻʮһ֣һ̵Ĺâ
ǣ
΢һ㶣漴˲䷴Ӧ˹бǣʱᷢ⣬žҪˣ׺ݵ˼
˵ȴǺԥݲתһ෭㳯Ǵ֮м۶ȥ
ৣৣৡ
ͬӥӿգݣȻϵ֮ʱȴؿһϹ⣬г𣬷·һڰһ
أ漴һ޵ĲҺУ漴ָֻ˼ž
һݣ֣һȴһ
֮ϣֻ΢΢һЩѪһֻ׽ǵľУ϶ۡ
ۣ֮Σʮ֣ҽʮֹϸᱡ˿Ѫԡ
ԭأڵӣʱҲĿɿڴӣһ·š
еıѵڵأϳأǻ粻һʧǵӡ
Ѿȡˣ
ֻһۣ૵صͷϣһƤպñ֮ν۲һССİԭǶʲô
ʱѾ
һѾʧǵڵӣüûйǣһݣѾһȥ
ȻѾȿһҲûޣֻѰˡ

ʱ֣һοԶ̹̹֮Уһ˿⡣
ӨӨģǹ˿ҡҷ
ȻٴθϵʱȴֲһΪԭأͬһֻ޴ɫЫӡ
ȻЫϣͬһ֮εĽۣ⣬˱
Ӱɲ
ʲôǿͬŵʵСﰡ
̽˼ǰȴ׷ؽߵӰڣʱ֣һСϪߣһλŮӡ
Ůһ£Աһ͸Ľһߣͷ˳ˮϴԼǧ˿
鰲ݶͣȫȻûΣߴǰĸоȻԵá
ԣڷɫһƣ֮ϣһͬ֡
ۼ⣬ֱ֣ǣ٣һ
Ѿһʮˡ

һ˲ϳŮ
ͬʱſ˵ļ֮һӵϺ塱š
Ͼ顣
ţѾ콣壬ѧģ콣岻Ϲ⽣
Ϲ⽣һᣬ죬Ϊּ潣һϹ⻮лֵۡ
ϵʱ㼸оʹѽ
ȻֻƷϽףǣȴԽ󲿷ݵƷףλ콣嶥Ĵؽ֮һ
Ĵؽ֮ף콣ŽƷ̫ݽ
ţ
䣬Ȼ䣬ӵ֮£һֲֻĹſѪڣŮҧ¡
Ůʧɫڴʱꡱһ죬һɫӰǰһָͷͷ֮ϡ
ۡ
һ죬ѣͷҽ׶㣬۾ɵùԲȻҲû뵽仯漴Ϫˮһ졣
ˡ
ŮȻѹһ㣬æץֱߵı
ȻٴλͷǰȴѲղӰ
쪣һƬž·ղһĻǴ
ȻϪµİɫϪˮȴףղһУǴ
лл㣬
ŮȻֻôһ˲䣬ȴƺѾԼİӰ˭


127 ָ
飡
һ޴죬һֻɫͷϳһֻǵ֩룬ˤȥԶһ
˿̣ɢŵ̹⣬̹Զʮۡ
Զڸ
ӰһһӥӰ˫ƶȻһһƽ䣬һӴ󣬿ֲϯ
ۣ
ͷʶ룬ڲظһķѣҺ
ӰһҪһöɫƬȡߣڴʱৣৣӷεӣǰ
Ƭ㲻
Ǻǡ
ӰһЦ˭˭һء
㣡
ӾǴŭһۣһԾϣȻһ޴Σһڵӣ߶ûкһ㼴ɶһ·ԡ
ǣһ˿Ѫ
溧Ȼٿ˵ӰʱѾȫ˼ɵ־壬;š
ˡˡ
һЦһݣѾʧԭء
ҡǣ
ڵӣһͷ
仰ǰ˵ģڣԷǡ
ңԷոսԪҵΪˣһԪڣһԪڣôһԪڵСӶ򲻹
⡭
аħ
ֻ롣

һ֮
һ޴ʯɽ֮£Զ
ƷϽףָ
ƷϽף仨ƣ
ͣͣ
ڵӣΧһµӣȻԷ鶯֮࣬л
кͬʱ󵹵ɳԺˡ

ƷϽף巽
ƷϽף
ƷϽףѩɷ絶
죬ʶƷϽϵĸֵǹڹ
󲿷ڵӣģƷϽ׵ĹȻĵӣԣһ
ѾͻƻԪûУƾƷסӡͽ󲿷ͨڵŪڹ֮С
Ȼһ죬ϾС
ٱھ
һ콣ӣȻһŷ֮϶ʱðһ⣬ڡ
飬飡
ѾɵѨ֣ڶԷϣȻֻ÷һ죬Է˿ˣδκʹ֮ɫ
ֱһҲõڹǣ
Ȼ취ȡʤȴԸͶԷΪһССġݡȥһԶԷٶȣѸȥսš
Ʒ
棬ۼѾȥ޿κεڵӣɫ΢΢һ䣬Լȵص

˷ֵ
УһȻһĨɫȻնΰ˴Σֳ˵һģһĵӰ
ֻһУͽǰһͷƽڵġħӰķѡ
ԶУһӰԴ죬תȥ
һƷ׹
Ѿ⼸գĵڶƷ׹ˣһšٱھ⣬˷ֵԸǵĴڡ
Ϊĵһпܱնķѣûκԡ
ԣǱҪ˲ԸΪС

ʱһһֹȥɽУĶ֣ԽԽǿ󡣴󲿷ڵӣֻӵƷϽ׹ӢӣѾӵƷϵĹֵˣ
ѡνʣʱˣ취Ū֣˵ҾҪˣǰٶȥ
⣬ôУ
૵صһָ֣Ƽ䣬öú߲סƣһһһٶһһܹӵʮ֡
ȻѡҪһǧ֣ž޴ľ롣
ⲢʵУȷôá
кüΣɫɫâʱýԶȸϹȥȥ¥ա
мΣͶԷһͬʱֻǶԷȺӣŶӣһˣ޷ֻߡ
Ը˵Ŷӣ֧䣬ԣŶͶֻ֣ߣ˫ȭѵ֡
ȻҲкô㣬Σ٣⡣
ֻʱ˵ջ񲢲ࡣ
ȥˡʲôĶ֣Ҫһ
뷨õģʵǲпġ


һϪԣһμһͷޣϢʮӴԼڻƽƷ֮䣬ͬڻԪ۷塣
Ȼ֣ԶһӰɶڰͬʱۣ֮ͬһ㡣
̫
Ʒ׵ͷʹ
飡
˽У˭Ҳ˭ڴʱһӰԾ
ݴָ࣬οݣȻٶȾǿٵþˡ
粽
䣡
һ죬ͬʱҲһʱ糾𣬺ϰա
ݵĮһЦһſڣһڡ
ˣ
ڣȻ֮ǰֶУͬʱһԣĶȻѪ类شӺ
棬֮ǰĶ֣Ųһ֮ɫ䣺Ʒ׹ָ
ӣ
û˿ԥʵӣ·һ㣬һݣڰΣƮȻԶȥĹΧ

һ˱֪˶˭ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ڶӣ˵ֻǰӳۣΪʵ漸ˣҲû˸С
ǰʮǿʮǿ󣬸Ҫ˵ǰʮǿеˡ
ոյָ꣬Ȼ֮һ塱ָڵӰڰˣ
ľ֣
ˣ
û˿ԥҲ֪²ΪȻͷʮֲᣬǣǲͣ
һݣ˻ΪһŲӥĺڹ⣬ԶȥƬʧ



128 
ҹ
һĻ𣬰ϥ˫Ŀ΢գƺžУһ֮ͷ£ܿݲݣҰĸоȻ
Ȼ¸¡Զߣѻ¹֮£ȻֳһѪɫ

һ۵ĳɫâ
ˣ
ߣ
ֻһ˲䣬˱۾һ˾Ȼ黯ԶǴɽ伲ȥ

ৣৣৡ
ͬʱ֪ٵӰͬʱ⣬ʱţɽ֮ԼԽԽ࣬Խ󣬳ֵԽǿ
ȻŹⰲţҹǳ°⣬ΣΣǹհֻҪڸܿ
ǡ񡯸һ𡣡
ã֡ǧ桯Ҳȥˡ
ľɣ
һǿϢӰ֣ڳӾ̾Ųα仺һ¶η֮ɫ
񡱸һڵӰߣǰԼѪ֮¡
֡ǧ棬ڵӰھţͬǰʮĸ֡
ľɾ͸˵ˣͬڵӰǰʮе
ǰʮһӳˣͬʱһ˶ܵһɱǰѹ֡
ڴʱৣ
һӰ
һ£ѩһϻ֮Ŀ벻ϳ˭ѡ
ܲʶΪǰʮһˡ
һǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
ԭһŵӣȻ̶ʱϣͻƣڣǴﵽһ󼰵ĵز
ȻڵӰ񲻹ǰʮǣѾǰڣû˭֪жǿ󣬵ܲӲƴǰʮе
쿴սˣ
һ¶棬񡱸һ֡͡ǧһһӣ㿴˶ԷŨŨս⣬˶ҿ
䣬䣬䣡
񡱸һĽ·һƬһƬë𣬳һƮԵζʱëûһֻֻɵ״ƮƮ裬´׷ɡ
һƷ׹
ӽƷĳ̶ȡ
Ȼ˿ѷɫȻԱȸһԵʵǰʮ˵һǰ壬ǰʮ֮̫࣬󷢻ӣ͵ʱ״̬
ˣһսֱս޹⣬ɽʧɫһһ¡
֡ǧĹһ˶֪ͺµĹȸһġһ𽣡Ϊ£
˹ڡ󡱵ķ壬޶׵䡱Ҳ㣬Ϊǿ֮һ
һǡ޶׵䡱ǡ
ʱ֪˭ǣ޶׵䡱ȴû˻ȥΪŹ̫Σˣ
޶׵䡱оŲ㣬һһ£Ȼһ㣬ҪԽܼɹļԽߣȻļҲԽ
ʷ֮ϣ޶׵Ĵڣ಻գҪôھ壬ķѶҪô֮ʱ潹ڣշɻһﶼ¡
ȻŹʲô磬ʲôΣһɹԶͨҪǿܶࡣ
ڣȶ֡񡱸һԵһ㣬ǣ֡ǧ֮У֮׹˸٣ȴѶֱƵòҿֻԽӦɼǿ
Ȼ񡱸һҲǳصģǰʮȻ佾֮ǣȡ֡ǧ滹ߣɼơ
ս֮κȻһݣ˼ϣư˴ΣﵽһֱĪĳ̶ȣһӳˡ֡ǧ
һë
һȣУȻ׹ţɫë·޵Ļ䣬м£ÿ𣬶һ⡣
һЩȻЩ֯һ
䣬䣬䣡
ܵ棬ƽߣɽɫľݣˮɻӷϹӡ
ߣ
һƺߣ֡ǧһƿȻ治ɫһݣΪһϹ⣬ּȥ

һߡ
ڵʮľɣȻվңңԶǵɫӰ
Ӧѩ飡
ؿڵȻ˭Ҳóеս⡣
ӰǧľɣٻΪڵ֮һƷ֮¡
˶˵Ӧѩϣ಻£ͽǰʮȥľɵĵλ
⣬ƽʱȻмȥ⣬ȻʱȴҲԱƽľ
ţ
һ£ϻӦѩ飬վ˽Ųɫ䣬ڵ£
ɸһս
Ǿսɣ
Ӧѩ˶ԷһۣüͷƺԸ£ȻȴһԲֱֻ֣ɽΣȴδȥİϻ
㲻ν
ľüԴŭʵ
ԼȶԷߣʵȶԷǿΪ콣ӣȻҲνֶԵԼ˿Դ󣬽һ
սɣ
Ӧѩûشֱ΢΢һƽƽ˫ָĨһĨ׵ĺ⣬һָ
ܿͬȻž·һס
ձýӲ



129 ǿ
ãȻ˿Դ󣬱ҽѵһ٣ˣɣ
ľŭһƷɳ˲䣬ӰƮ裬ʵ׷ɣóΣ
ȻӦѩֻһʳжָӰ·žĺ˿һӾͽľĵӰȫɢ
󣬡顱һľѪˡ
㡭
ɫޱ죬ƺǲţΧȺڣҲһ󻩡
⣬ôܣ
ǰʮ֮һӰǧľɣȻֵסһ
Ȼ߽ûзȫҲ̫˰ɣûаγָֻôһ
ӦѩΪٶ֮죬ѾԶԶҵȵԤϣֻ£Ѿǰʵ
ǰ壡
˶Ĭڻһ꣬ʹﵽȳ̶ȣٶȣ츳
콣壬콣壬ôǿ

ߣľӦѩ֮սֳʤһߣ񡱸һ֡͡ǧ֮սҲ۷塣
˽⣬ȻнУȴһУ׷һ̣ৡһг·һ㣬֡ǧǰ
ۣ
Ļ飬һ죬Ѫ˲ˡ
Ȼƣصģ˵
ңˡ
૵صɫ԰ף޹⣬·ʧȥģֻһսΪҪĶ
һֱΪԼ޶׵Ѿ㹻ߵľˣǰ壬֣ڴȣҪһˡ
Ȼû뵽ûλѾƳȫʵսȴʧܡ
ԭǵĲ࣬˴
ʧǣûٹͷޣأһһɽȥٲͷ
ûһӣʱ֣ؿȥ
ʹȺУʵǿġ񡱸һҲͬ
üͷһߣ£ϻӦѩ顣
Ҫ
һһɣȻһս
ӦѩȻȴκθɫʣ·˵ȥֻ΢һ仰
һΣɫѿȻ뵽ղӦѩսʤľ¶ǿʵճĬ
á
˶ûʹˣԭǰʮ֮һİľɵ˼ȻѾų⡣
ľվԭأɫȻʮѿȻȴҲڡ
Ⱥ⡣
Ӱڴ˴ȻһĻʱĵȥ
Ǹһ𣬻Ӧѩ飬ʱǵĶ֡
ҪᣬѾĬܻ֪жٿӵǿߡ
ԣˣȥѰᡣ

ˡ
ڶ峿
һͰɽ¼䣬һͷðϹޣҸûڳ
Ϲ⻹ûгð˲䣬ɱõһöϹơ
֮ϵ֣Ϊٰˡ
ָһΣöðöƵһϹâһΣҫĿ
ѾŰʮˣֻʮ
ţɱѾֻܴ취ˡ
վס
Ҫ뿪ǰȥѰһʱµӣǰ
̰ؿһƼöƣµӶһۣһˡٺ١һЦеƣһ
Ǻǡ
΢Ц
˯ͷҪţˡ
ãǡ
װηųӣü˳ۣһͷöǰȥ
ȥӡ
ûж롣
ԼˣһԪڣһԪڣڣһʮֲϡ
һһˣһˣԼˣˣ᲻Թ˳
ԣ˶˾衣
ڿһ˲䣬ȻৡһֲӰ𣬡žžڵӣ顱һ뵹ɳȥ
㣬ͣǣˣ
ڵӴӵ𣬾ŭӵصһ˿š
΢΢һЦ̧ͷ¶ϵЦݡ
ƣǲ
㣡
ߣ
Сӣ
ڵûϵ޳ܣʵԶڵӣȻ͵ϮҰ֮ǰԶԷ˵Ļڴ
ɱ
ɱ
˶һۣһϡ
ոһ˲Ȼˣأ⣬Ȼһʱ֮ֻҪԷԲԼ˶֡
䣡
սֻ꣬˫ָƽƽĨһ貵Ľ⣬ͬǺۣҫǰ

һҽУ˷ɵɫ԰ףǺѪɫ

һĵӣһ־壬ӻһöɫƣ֮ϣһʮ֡
Ȼɽ죬Ψһջ񣬾һ߶ԶҪᣬһˡ
ԥֽӹ΢΢һЦ㼴ȥ
ʱѾˣһöƣڴ롣
һǧ֣
ǰ٣ʣǰʮĴƴˡ



130 Σһߣ
дʱ䣬ʲôȥأ
һᣬ뿪ǴͰɽ֣֮רһЩƧ֮С
ҪȻߣûʲô滨ݣժһЩûţ
ɽ֮ܳΪͼžͬȼŽأȻ淲滨ݣӵЧ
ƽ˵زţûܽ룬ӵȻᣬȻ
滨ݣԼʹãҲϽţһɹ׵㡣ʮĵزֽһЩ
ˡ
˼һŲӿ죬ƫƧ˴УΪѰ޶æµֻʣʱ䣬ҲҲοƴˣʱ䣬ȥԼ¡
һĺһƬֻ֣У˼ʱж߹ųûЩѲһһָɱ
Ȼ䣬ǰһ־ͷһʯ£߸ߵʯ֮ϣƺһŽҫ
ǣ
һ˶ʱӥбʯ֮ϣ֮ʱתڣƬ֮ɹԾ֮ϡ
£ŷ֣ԼֵŽ⣬ʵһ㣬һƧСɽСɽ֮ɫðһ˿Ϣ
ɫСɽ֮࣬һŽҫ
ţƺĳ黨
һݣСɽ¸ͷһ۾˲ˡ
ֻһֻɫɢӨĻ䣬·һ㵭ϡ
Уﻨศɣн㣬֣ɷۡ
ǣƷеҩ
ҩɫȻһϲ
ͻԪһͬͻƻԪõҩ֮һλжƷеȣȻԪѷһ
ѵãҲͬ˶Զˡ
뵽ԼǷư֣ӵ飬ǰ˲һ
ˣͻʮ۷壬иͣһһ룬һӦԳǰ֮ˡ
£
黨ݣִմȾףɢʧ
ӻͳһöСС񵶣£óһУҪװС
ȻڴʱͷȻһܵһϢľ޴ֲ
ǣ
ٵĽнһͣУץУɿתͷһʱɫޱأһ˿ѿֿ粽ڳ̬
ڣʥ
ԶƮƮһͦΣϢ˫аȵӣվƺҶƮ裬ϣȴһɵɱ⡣
Сӣɽˮ꣬û뵽ôּˣ
ͷƳеǸУڣʥڵеĽٽԳҫϵĶԪ𻨣Զһۣһ
ǺǣǺǡ
ȻʮأǱϣȴؿڵ
Щڵӣ˿Դϲѹˣȷ֣ӦС˵ʲôԪ𻨣ʲôôû˵ԶһۣǸˡ
ϻ̫࣬ȻˣǾҰɡ

һڣʥˣ·һ۽ٶȿգѼ
ȻȫȻûü񣬶ԷѾԼǰ
Ӱ
ͷһݣҵŲһ˼ٳ˳Ȼ棬ڣʥӰΣٶȱ죬ıǼߡ
۾У¶ϷʰЦ⣬һֻ֣֮ϣǿݸɵѪһɿµϢֶ
һƣ
ߣ
ͷ侪ȻȴԸ־͸һ˾ͱһɴȥ
Ȼʱ仹ûǣһǧѾ֣Ѿǰ٣ûҪٺͶԷӲƴ
ߵô
棬һĻڣʥɫ΢΢ѿһ˿ٶȼӿ죬Ȼһĳ
һɿµľ·쫷㣬ڰγһڵӡȻı֮ϡ
ۣ
ͬһɵ³һѪɫѾȻתףͬʱпϨ
Ȼʱ򣬿ռȻһһ޴ĿռĪϷճ֣һΣϣܸӦͬʱһĲ
ɲ֮һ˲䣬Ӱһ漴ڻɽʧӰ١
ߣˣСӣ´ξûˡ
ڣʥ̧ͷϿнɢȥıӰɫѿ
Ȼ뽫ֱӻɱȻڣΪ˷еڻɽա
ȻΣȻޣԵʱͬҲʹ
дֻҪûеһʱգͿʱʹһ
ԣȻڣʥʵԶɽĶؽ֮УʩͻϮһɱԶѵĻᡣ
ֻϧɽûҪߣȻȻǰ֮һźˣԺսҲӰ졣
ڣʥûôˡ



131 ڻְ
ۣ
ɽڴȻ䣬ռ䲨һһӰˤǱڰգ³һѪ
ʺ죬Ⱦأ÷޶Ŀ

Ⱥ⣬֪ǳһ죬ư֣ٴǵע
Ȼ֮ǰȻżҲеӲϴȴûһ֮ңһĻеǣԥææǰϣס
ֵܣ㡭
ưִӻһСƿһ֣ƿ򿪣һö͸İɫ鵤һС
鵤Ҫ
ӴӺסļ磬ҲһǣưѨһϢԴԴشڡ
ɫںһ֣ǿ̧ͷһ֣öȫȡư֡
ƣȥҰѳɼ㶨£ҸϽ뿪ڣʥʱпܴ
Ȼ֪ڣʥ֮󣬲ﵱڶӣڳϵ棬ɱԼǣɱ֣ȴûпܡ
ڵѲκ⡣
á
ưֶ˵תߣҲһأٳŻ֮¶
Ƭ֮ڻص£ʱϽƵưҲѾϻء
棬ưּѯʵĿ⣬˵ͷʾȷ
һɫսſʼҪúˣԺ˵
á
ưסֹĳӣת뿪״ź󱳿һʹһһŲϻ㺮
֮ű۾ܵһɾҵƣͷβϮֻ˯ȥ
Ȼ֪ڲʱʱúƸһƣͻøӶˡ
ıԣҲ
ֻǿ˫ֵۣ˯⣬һתһһתưַ鵤ҩ
һƾҩơ
һȦȦԪתһ˲䣬ɢ֫ٺȫ
ֻĸоȥĿɫͬ˯֮УȴϢԪתתҩ
գڴʽʼԵʱˣս޷μˡ
ԣʱҴˣսһִģȫԸ
ԣֻгڣƸƣϽָһս

ҹٹȥ
ܿ죬ڶ١
峿︴գӳ״̬ѹ۾ȻƣȴƣѾȬ롣
δȫָҲٻָҵʵܷӳս
ɵսƽʱܲڵһսǿҲ㹻ˡ
ǣʵڲУһǰʮĴڡ
ȻҲûлһ
ǾǣһУͼž
ȻԭΪԼɱʹãǣʵ£ȲѣҲֻǰʹˡ
٣ڵܱȵڼžʱҪǿ̫ࡣ
ʱֻ磬Ԫޣֻܷӳһˡ
ڣѾͻƻԪԪϢĳɵΪǡ
ȻֻʵҲʹһУԼڶձ
ɱǰʮģǰʮǾֻܿԵ͵ʱٳˡ
߰ɣ
̾һڻһؿ֦һľڱ󣬶תڹ㳡
ʽʼĵط
˳֮󣬹Ȼɽ˺Ѿһư֣ӣȴ
һӭȥ
㡭
ֹʣȴֲ֪ȥʡ
״΢΢һЦ˵ļЦİɣ̫ֱϻԪ۷ϵĸ֣Ȼһսһһĵġ
ƣ
ưʱлῪڣɣα΢һʵ
޷ȻָֻʵǰٽǰʮսУӦҲ㹻ˣңա
˵пգշ˵һ顣
֮ưֺͳӰ̾ڣʥһ֮±ס˳ѣȻԣҲʵѵˡ
Ͼһ벽ѨһֻлԪڣ֮ʵرʵ̫Զ
ĶǴưֺͳӣΣգҲɴΪ̾
֪Ѿѣص˺úõģմȴɻǲɵðᵽһһ£ʮֵǡ
ˣ߰ɣһֱҪʼˡ
ţȥĺ롣
תҲһ첼һٸ֣ȫսڵǰ֮ˡ
һȻɻǡƽ̶ʣĻߣﵽǧ٣Խһء
ڶ紵ѩ裬ǧ١
ݹʥ֡ڣʥǧ١
˭˲ʶƷɣǧ١
쵶ޡѪ̣ǧһ١

ڰһǧ񾩣ǧ١

ʮһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ֶǧİ塣

ڶʮϺ⽣Ͼ飬һǧŰʮ

ھʮӰ֣֡һǧʮ

Լϰһ
ΣֻҪϰ񣬱вսĻᣬսص㡣
ֻǽȴֲһ㵡
һ͵ڶǧҲͰˣڶȻֻм٣ɼǵʵǳӽ
пܣֻԭһսпʱԻ
˾ȵģȴǵĵ塣
ġ˭˲ʶƷɣǧϾֻһŮӣûǿʱлҲ֡
ˣȻֻǧ֣ˣñڣʥ١
ԭڵ񾩵Ļ֣ȴ˴۾
ǧӦǰ˻õķ
ȻλǰʮȴѵǰΣֻеڰˣȵǧ֡
ң˼ԭԶԶڵ֮¡
漴ֲЦ͵ˣֻҪܳɹǰ٣㣬û¶ȥȫȡ֣ˣһ⣬˶ԽԽãȴǵùҹܼͺá
쵶ޡѪ̣ǧһʵ֮Ʒɶ˶٣һս֮裬Ѿֱ׷ʵѾһĽ
ֻǲ֪浽˱̨ϣܷܲΪʤսʤ񾩣
ߣֱԭڵߣڰˣ񡱸һ𣬡ָӡ
ھţʮԭڵھţʮ֡ǧԼӰǧľɡ
עӦѩ飬Ȼֻ˵ʮȻɳ˵⣬Ӧʵ
Ͼ飬ҲɹǰʮһڴȣΣҪԭ΢ˡ
ڴԼ̨֮¡



132 ʤ
ڵ̨Ϊʮ̨
һڵӣΪʮһ飬ÿһ峡սջʤʮˣɹǰʮ
Ȼ䣬оһĿԼעӶعͷ㿴ڣʥĮ˿Ŀ⡣

аȴɫһߣưҲһĻɫ΢䣬һȥ
Һãǲͬһ顣
ʮ̨֮£ư̾˿Լͬĵ
󱾴ڴȣСȹ࣬ǰʮһˣΪĳһ޵
ˣʣµĸһߣʮһʮˡ
ڣʥΪڵڵ̨Ϊ̨
ڵʮ̨ΪԭǰʮӰǧľɡ
̨ͬǰձεĻ顣
ˡ
ʱ䣬ưֿʵ֪ǺסΪʲôԭ𣿡
Ϊʲô
һתͷʵ
Ϊǿһ񲻵ˡưصص
˭
ʡ
֪ưԽǸ֮ˣȻ˵ô֣أһʲôʮرĵط
Ȼưûʧ
Ԫ˼
صǿԪ˼û뵽ɣҲμڴȣڰʮα㻹Ըߡ
ţ
ʱûзӦӦһ죬ư֡
֣Щϡ

Ԫ˼ԭڰٻһСͻȻڴ֮ϣѸһˣȴѸٳţаؿлԲѡ
ټȻѾΪڵӣҲμڴˣ
ǴΪ⣬˵ʵ˸һʮĸоаؿеĹʧˣͷʼһҡ
ֻԴ֮󣬶Էһֱ֮УҲûټҲûϢʱһö֮Ҳͽˡ
ֻôҲû뵽ڴڴȵ̨֮£˴˵֡
ţôģʵ
ˣ㡭
ȻصôԪ˼𾪣¸ģע飬ȫ˵һ顣
ţԭҪעһˡ
Ĭ
һԭ׵ڵӣͻȻǰʮѾǳ죬аؿֹ£ڣĪ˵ǰⱾͲ
Ҫǣһ֣ǻԪѾΪڵӣ̫ˡ
мûʲô£Ҳš
ĿĹˣûʮ̨֮¿Ԫ˼Ӱ̨֮һ
ȻˣʱҲ̫ˡ
뵽ˣعͷûжܡ
ȵǣԼ˵Ŀǰ񣬻ͨʮ̨Ŀ飬õǰʮ˵
Ȼһжǰ̸
뷨֮Уܿ죬һ̨˵һսĿʼ
ʮŶԾʮţһ浤µӣһµӡ
ʵͬǻԪڣݱĵ
Ȼȴվʵòʡ
ŻûֵԼưԶһĵطͳһССĺɫݸƳ¶ˣ
ʲô
Ӻʵ־Ҫȥϵڵĺ
״æסȥٿ
ţ
һ⣬Ȼı飬ưȴƺʲôһӣʹһɫֵܵģȿ
ðɡ
ȻһЩʣģǳӶưֵĻƴӣԻ˳ӵĽк뻳Уƣһ𣬻ص̨֮£ۿʣµı
ôһʱĵ飬̨ϵıȴԾûнɴûȣҲ׶Ρ
ڣʮк
̨֮ϣһ貵ĵ漴ˤɳȥ浤ӻʤ
ڶ漴ʼ
һΣһʥٷӣһӡ
ٶѩԣʮк󣬳Ѫɫ԰ףԲ֧
ʥٷӻʤ

һ콣ӣһ°ٻӡ
ٻʹõĵΪ໨貨ָȻ콣Լһʹõǡ
̨֮һսգڶʮ֮ϣ콣ӻʤһĽսʤ֣ɹӮñ
ڣĳֵ
Ķ֣һʥٷӡ
棬ԪΪΪϳ족
ʮλ
һ£Ӣķ̨̨֮£ʱΪ֮Ȼ
ʱư֣ļһ£ͣ
ͱ˲ͬ˿ķɣǵΪĬǣֻưֺͳ֪һսӮˡ
Ϊʵȵ
ͬȻͻ˻ԪҲû뵽õһǧ֣ʤǰһһ
Ѷˣˣ͸Ҫˡ
ȻһҵսûʹͼžѨ֣һս֮󣬱Ӯʤ̨һ󻩡
ʮ̨峡Ҳһսʼ
Ӱǧľɣһ浤ڵӡ
ڵʵҲﵽ˻ԪڣȻãһʮ֮һ
ϣķгʵصĳȥʧܣ
Ӱǧľɣɹ
ˣǰʮѾȫ
ʮ̨ߣľɣȫʤһ̨ƽ̶̨紵ѩ裬̨ݹʥ֡ڣʥȣȫʤ
һƵУǶָû֮սԶ֮ԭǰʮûһˢ¡
⣬֮УҲ֮еǣӦѩ飬Ͼ飬Ҳսʤ֣ʤǰʮǿ
Ψһû뵽еǣǰʮǿϣһοԪ˼ֵ֡
ȻҲǰʮǿ
һ̣һֵĽһнΣնްθߡ



133 ֽ
Ϊʱûнֻǹעûдȥ˽⡣
ΪǰٽǰʮǿսѾȫ꣬ǵڶսҲʮǿʮǿҪڶղʽʼ
ԣһϢƸʱ䣬ԣһٴηûϵ޸ƣƣ͡
ڶ峿ΪȻѾָ߳ɰңԼӽ˳ɡ
һսģԴһЩ
Ҳ⣬ΪһսĶ֣ҲҪԶһսҪǿöࡣ
ÿһ֣͵ģǰʮߵģ˵Ϊٶﵽ˻ԪڣǺڡ
һڹ㳡̨Ѿȥһ룬ֻʣ
̨гǩϣǰʮǿ
ڵ̨Ϊ̨
һսڶսѸٽ
ڣֵսϳ
ưһڴעĿĿУһʩչٵӵ̨֮ϡ
飡
̨һ߽ףؽٽľӣŲŽŲһһε̨
֮ռ䶼ƺ£̨һҡһΣƺʱܵ
֮һ浤ӣס
ΪԪڣһʮ
ɫ΢΢һڽӽǰʮǿĶôֻǣȻֻڵʮʮ֮ʮҲ˶Զˡ
ٺ٣СӣǹԹԷɣȻֱѹ㡣һССıʲôƽ˷ǣ
棬̨һԵõЦ
Ǻǣô˭ʤ˭ҲҪ֪һȷһʤ𣿡
ΪȻڡ
ÿСӣϲ
ϷҶ۾Уðһ׹⣺£һúҵĻġ
ŶôȻˣϻ˵Ǿɡ
ʽԸ˵
Ȼǿ󣬵Ի˰֣ţԼᵽΪֹǰʮǿӦ֡
սɡ
ս
Ųһ̨֮ϣ˲䶯ൽϢ
СӣҪҪУʾǰԺ󱲵չˡһŲ˵˵꣬գգ۾
ãҵУʾǰľ⡣
˶Է·һСɽƵӣ΢΢һЦڵ
ãܺãСӣԼ˵ģһҪһΪˡ
¶ƵóѵЦ⣬ϸԲС۾΢У
á
ƺ֪ԼѾϵƭˬؿڵ
ǡаɣ
ǿͷǳԵЦ⣬۾һУŲ˲ԲѸٳ۽
ٶȾȻҲþˡ
ƷϽŲת
ȻһĻȴЦ
ٶôϲľһ̡
һתѾȻ黯ʧ
΢΢һ㶣漴һЦ֮⣬Ȼðɫߡ
Щɫ˿ߣ·ϼһΧУӣ
ֻһ˲ݣʵȻһץڵĵطץ
һצץƺȻͬһִգתţ¡
צ
鲻䣬ͬδϢȴȻĪ⣬һ˾Ȼգٴʧ
СŪ飡
Цͬƺƣתľצͬһ޴ڵĵطٴμɶ
ô
ڴʱ֮еȻˣһֻӥӿգ˫һȣʮɵľ룬һգۣȻ͵ӵǰ
ǡ
ӶȻһɫɲʱˡ
ȻôҲûԤϵȻӵǿɲ
Ʒףô᣿
ƷһǶӲѧĸڵҲٲӵУҪôȱҪôͨ
ģǿģ˵ûУҲ֮٣ڣˡ
͵ģ繥ڣӵƷϵģܹҲʮˡ
ףԲڴС
á
ɫӣѨȻһһֳһϸϸܣ·һס
ͼôҵķ
УѨѾ˺ѵĿ
ȻǿѨ֣ӵϣȴֻ΢΢һ죬㱻׾ٵжȥ
ӽƷ׵ķǵ͹ˣǾٽһУ
Ȼ䣬һ֣УһܾӨ͸ɫͨѣɶ𣬽Ѻߡ
УƺƮɣɺӡ
ǣʲô
ȻװںȴǲɶȻһݣо˲Źʹó
Ųһ̤˲ȥͼķһݣۻӳͬȻһһֲĽۡ
罫أ˲䶸Ȼһ޴ѿڡ
ǧ׺ֽۣ
ռ䣬ϸĿ׶а춴ڰ׵ߵһƬµξ
ֽ
ͷ΢΢һݣо˴Źǿ
λӣΪɱﵣȻֻλƷϽףѾ޽ӽƷס
ѹţܳΪڽǰʮǿ֮һ
뵽΢΢һЦˡ



134 ǰʮ
һĵȻͬ졣
һĹȦȻ׵Ľ𣬡ΪΡ
ӶȻоһֽȻʹòڵ·ܵһͣóأ
ɫȻһ䣬üΪѿ

ɫǵͨ죬תǣһɿֲĵ
漴ɫȦܲסꡱһ漴ٴΡ顱һɢ
ΪΣƣ

һĻЦ
Ϊ͹ôʱ䣬ѾﵽԼĿģ۽˶Էǰ
˫ָתϹһɫĹâһ貣ľ˵Ľ⣬Ȼ˫ָ֮䷢
ͼžһʽУ
ֲĽһգһ̨̣𶯣棬ɫ䡣
ãʲô
ȻţܵһŽĿ¡
ֽʽ֮һҵߵ
ź˫ּ֮䣬һһֽȻͬ⾳·һβ㣬γɽΣĲнӭȥ
飡
Уһ·Ļ˺飬ϸİ׼룬Դ򿪵Ŀռѷ֮зɳ׷ͬꡣ
ƺһ˺Ǳһ˿Ѫ
ȻӸܣɫǵͨ죬ŲǿѹסȻϢȴɡۣһɫ˲תף³һѪɫ˲ή
㡭
СӣҳСˣΪױȡʤҲ롣
ֽ֮ʽ֮
·ڰյĽ棬类ƿճݣǺ䣬һƬǺХ֮
飡
ǰѿܵһɿµϢƶ˳ۿҪ˳̨ıԵΧ
Ȼ״۾һȴ˲ƽƽָ죬ָץһȻʩչһʽ飬ݣ׵Ľ
һ·ĺգͻȻή䣬ͻȻл·˵Ĵ⣬ͻȻɿݣˮͻȻ
Ѿߵͷį壬Ĭ׳һᣬβǵ£ͬ㿴
ͣ
һᵽȴ̨ѵΣȻ̨ɲ֮䣬Ϊ롣
棬׵Ľп֣ճ
޾Ʈ£ͬ˼䣬һƬůأ׸оãѾˡ
۾ȴ֣˫ָѾĲ֮ϡ
˫ָȻһ̣Уȴǲ䣬оһ徲䣬о⾳Ϯ
֮ģŨŨزš
пܣ
Ȼβţ޷ţʵǰ棬һ²̨浤ӣףܣ
ӣʤ

̨ӭ棬㿴ưӭ
ϲ
ϲϲ
ưֱӸһӵȻһսҲҲ⣬Ϊ֮˷ܲѡ
ǰʮǰʮɼѾԶԶưֺͳӵԤϡ
ܽǰǲܽǰʮҪŬȡ˵ڻɽУڣʥһˣڻûзȫ
ֻʵʱսʤ֣ǰʮѾڻָ߰˳ɵʱһսʤ֣Ѿǰʮ
ٹһʵָ˾ųɣǲǣܽǰʮˣ
뵽ưӵ۾͵ˣȻʵ̫Сϲܣǹֻһ룬ҲԼ
߰ɣ
̨һߣ̨׺ݣԹԹ޵ư֣һŻ
ɽ£ưһӵһΣһȭŷֱ뿪
ͣ
ͣ
ʤһʹܽǰʮ壬ǰʮҲˡһսڵͨӣӮĳǰʮѾһʮֲ漣
ãϣɣ
ư֣ߺ֮ϣڻص㺮һ˲䣬ҲֲסһѪ͵ͨһˤڵϡ
ԭ
ڱĵ֮ϣþ޷ԭԼ֮ǰ뷨̫뵱Ȼ̫ˡ
ɵսʹͼžڶʽ߳ɰʵҲǿʹáһֻ֣¾ͲһѪô򵥣ѣԽǿ󣬷ҲԽ£ֵ̫ˡԺʵȫ£һлҪá
˼ڵ£ĬĬ
ãŲһӣòƣϥ£ִӻͳһһУĬĬϢ
գһսˡ
аصѾ֪գԼһսգԼڵƣֻѾȡʤ
Ҫ˵ϵĶ֣һȽǿ

һߡ
ֿ֮ưһƫƧ˵תǡ
һư֣ѾȲֽ͵ǸС첼ó
ˣûˣڿԴ˰ɣ
ǺǣҾ֪϶̲סˣûˣ򿪰ɣ
ưƺ֪ӵ뷨ߵ㼴ͣһЦûֹ
š
æصͷȻҲưַԸֱ㽫ǸɫС˿
źɫСĽ⿪һ漴ڶ
֮У֮Уһ·ɫƵĻ䣬֣һɵꡣ
⣬ǣ
һ㵡
ưֵȴȻס󣬽ţľȳѵǣǴ˵еĽ

Ӷôԣû滨֣ưֲͬڽž֮ǰйͻƻԪؿʱһҩ
У鵽лԪ𻨣ȻҲٲֱȻԪ𻨲˶ٵĽ
Ȼǡ
ͷǼһ̣ưֲ֪ʲô취ȥ
ͻƻԪûãҵ˻İ취
˵ػԷֱ𣬵ǣԣ֮ǰ˴Ԫ𻨸ǡ
ô˵ǻ׬ˡ
һߣưֵĽͣҲԡ
λֵܣƺԽԽ˰ǲ֪ĵսΣ
ţڴɣ

ҹ
塣
㺮
Ķ֮Уһ綹ɫúڵϢڷٵĻָ
һʱ֮ɫڻָ״̬ʵȻά߳ɰңҲ޼
ˣȻӦָܻ˳ϲŶԡ
Ҳ޿κε飬ͻȻʲô鵤ҩȻ˿ٵľͻָȫʢʱڡ



135 ڰԴ
졣
峿
һڹ㳡ӭӵģһ˫˫Ľʵ۾
ǰʮѾȫ֮һ
ʱվмģ֮ӣһǿ֮ˣڵעӵĿУΧһʯ̨֮¡
ʱ˿̣ڹ㳡̨ѲжΨʣһִ̨ǼӰӵ㣬ġ
ǰʮڴ̨֮ϼ
ֱһ飬Ⱦǰʮǰʮ֮˲ÿ˽һսĻᡣ
ʤȡԭǰʮΣʧܣ޻ᡣ
ԣһԣÿ˽սȻ£ֻսѽ
ٵģֻһսϣΪһֱҲȥǺģʵҲûټȥıҪˡ
ˣΪһսԶԼʵĶ֣԰ܵԩȻڶֱÿʼ
ֵõĺ룬Ϊʮߺš
̶һš
裬š
ڣʥš

ơ
Ӧѩ飬ʮš
Ͼ飬ʮһš
Ԫ˼ʮš

ʼ
̨֮ϣһִ̨һӣʼ
ʱȥ
ˣһǡ񡱸һһͨ浤ӡ
˵սûгغϣһһʽһ𽣷ɫëƮɣֲУкģ˳ȥ
ڶս紵ѩ裬һʥٷڵӡ
ֻͬУֱ㲻аˣܵķڷ
ĳ峡
ǰʮ׷ϳ쵶ޡѪ̣˭˲ʶƷɣݹʥ֡ڣʥ
Ѫ̻ûֱ㱻ϵѪˣԶģ˳
ѪһδӮýĵһ
˭˲ʶƷһϳֿڻϷ䣬ȻƷֻɫһ䣬һƷɳ㽫Է̨
ǶֻͷǱȥ̨һƬЦ
ݹʥ֡ڣʥɫ䵭ֻ̨˱ľɫףһ뿪̨ƣͽѹú޷֮
սһһֵؽȥģƽ̶һǧ񾩵ȣҲ׷̨ǵĶ֣ҪԶȨҪôһб̨ûһǵĶ֡
ֳеģûмˡ
ڣ˵ھų
̨֮ϣ²һߺȣڶʮߺţԵڶʮţٻ
һ׵Ůӣһ̨óһܰɫ涴Ȼܵƣʮ־
ӣ
̨֮󣬲һ㶣Ȼ٣༯壬ʥٷ֮ϣٻ壬治
ȻˣǱҲõһϸ°ɡ
һ֣ļ䣬ͬʱһӨ͸ľӨѡ
ţ
棬Ů΢óѵ⣬Ҳη壬΢΢һЦЦ绨ʦܣСˣ
롪
Ҳûʧ˷ȣ΢΢һѺǰʾöԷȳС
á
Ųһʼڴһ
·յϸ꣬ƿķش𶯣ػԣ̨֮ϣȻͷء
Ϻ°ףͬ
ڰԴ
ɫ΢΢һǸоԼһֶȻʧ̨ͬգܾããĺڰž
Զ·䣬ҷųβɫĹۡ
⡭
ã
оԼľļʧ˷·ÿãʶʣ˯ľ
۾֮УҲֻʣڰ׶ɫڰ׶ɫתΪһƬ磬˫ۡ
ԴһΣ赹
ǿڰԴҲƷףٻӣȻֹ
ཡ
ҵڴһƷ죬ԺĵʱƮ·ں棬ưǻҹա
ûǣⲻʹ
ڴһ̣飬ӶԷĺڰԴ֮ϵõȻľͼžľ֮С
Խ⣬Уʹĵʱһֿ飬į壬˵⾳
һʱʯ̨ϿգƲ·ƣڰд˷ϾҶᡣ
һʱ䣬ܷ籩ת̨·ĵӣҲ塣
ţ
Ⱥ£Ȥ̶ˣȻȵػعͷ̨һۡ
ڣʥȻĮվ΢Ц˭Ҳûз֣۾Уһɱ⡣
ƷһĨȣҲֻǾȣһţܿͻعͷ
ȹӡ
ˣ鲻һвмأоȣк棬Ľ
Ум˵ıǲͬ
УӦѩ飬Ͼ飬һӦѩԴȵؿһ̨ϣƺǺˡ
Ͼ۾΢Ȼ뵽˻ɽеһĻĿע̨ϵһš
Ⱥһ£վ䴦۵һٻӣ۾΢΢һ
ƺ±˷֣ϵͷװģ˺һȺС
ֻư֣վȺ棬һĻкã˻Ϊ
һУ̨֮ϵ֣Ӱ졣
֮Ľ棬Ѿҵĵز



136 ľϣ
飬飬飡
ʯ̨Ͽգϱը޴֮
̨з磬ą̃棬Ϊ޷סѹ濪ʼϹѣѹһһİۡ
꣡
ڣ治ܣѳһ޴Ѻۣ濪ʼԱб
Ҳվסһߵȥ
ৣৡ
죬˸һߵļǣվ紵Ʈɣˡ
ΪĻζ˸еֹ֮֮ͣƮɢʧָƽ
龪ȣŶ۾еһζһ֮ɫ
ղʹõģʲô
ܴ࣬ﵽּģȴô
κһûмҲһ˵ǣղʹõȴǴδû˵
һ̣Ȼиоˣ񣬲࣬ۡ
һ̣ͬһϳĹ£УǣеıΧһ˶
棬ԣ۾գ
˵ʵղ쿪ͼžľ뵽֮УҲ˺ڰԴʾûʲô
Ȼɳһ̣ͼžľã̻ú쳾㹻ǿ󣬾ȻĲ˵ľ
һ̣ˣȴӳԶѰܷԷĺڰԴһѷʤ
һ̣ԼȵԳԡ
󣬵ѣ̨ܷ׳ۿû뵽ġ
Ůʻ룬ȻһЦڵΪͺ쳾쳾ƣǧ˿ǶϳԸȥ˿˽ٽΣ
Ŷ
棬Ůգգ۾ȻӦ˹Զ˳£˺£
ǺǣԸǾͼսһɣ
ƵҲΣ΢΢һЦڵ˵꣬ٴѡ
á
Ů񲨶ǣ𣺡㻹Ҿ̾һΣ˳ⳡ̨ҲǲܡɣϣܶסҽĹҵҪʼȫˡ
ţ
棬ɫ΢䣬΢΢һݣԭղûʹʵһսס֮ǰ뷨̫뵱Ȼˡ
ǰʮٵ棬֡
Ȼٻڶʮ֮䣬ǣȻǿ˿ɲľ
ΣѾ׼ˣҲνǾ;һսɣ
뵽ˣֺѣüбɣ˫Ŀרעٲһ˿ġ
棬Ů״΢΢һЦ˵Ķˣڴߣ΢£һղŽȻͬٿȻɳ
·ʿɽ°ת·٣齦
ַ·Ӹ¥ʣԣԱƮ裬˷ɾ١
飬񣬽쳾ɣȴִһɱϮ֮⡣
ܵĿȻ亮һõͬÿһ˵ļ䡣
һ̨̣֮ϣȻƮѩѩ֮У˿
˿ᣬѳɱɽɽɺӣɺѣֱ죬վĽ
ǡ
̨£һ̣һ۾۹䡣
ʹڷ֮⣬Զ̨ʮɣҲоһɳǵĺ⣬ֱ衣
ƺǴ˶죬ͻ䣬ɽѩֱӴһ¡
ƺǡ
̨ףƽ̶Ȼ۾˫Ŀ֮УǺһĪǡ
ʹһֱɫɫĮվһߵڣʥˣҲɫ΢΢һ䣬ƺܵһ˿ͬ
ƷɣעĿ̨ϣ˫Ŀ˸˸ʼע
Ѫ̣һˣǾĪһע⵽֮Уһλǿӣ𾪣
ڣڵһʱ̣ɧڳϣԹսһĻɵȻվ
ǣ
һ૵ص
һԥƬ̣ƺ뵽ʲôȻϹɽѩţ˵ǴϹ󽣵֮һѩлôһ淨⣬ɲӦܹӵеĶ
ĪǣѩɽѩݴˣѰϹ󽣵֮һѩȥ𣿡
һ˵ૣĿȣ˲һ˲ض̨ϡ
̨ϣڴȣĿ֮£Ѿ̨ȥѯʱˡ
⡭
˶ǻ֮еĶסˡ
ɽѩ
ѩ
Ϲ󽣵ʧӰ٣֪ټ
һ㣬ʹֻһƬצҲ캶ҡ԰Ρ
ʱȻʹֻֻƬצ
ǣһ뵽ǣ浽Ϲ󽣵֮һѩĴڣ̨֮£Ҳ޷ƽ
ҡ۾ٺ죬̰֮⡣
ûˣԵֵϹ󽣵֮һջ󣬱˵Ϲ󽣵ʹֻһ⣬Ҳֵȥƴ
̨֮ϣ֪˵ۣǣʶģҲоΣա
̨֮ϣĸͱȫͬԣв΢΢һݡ
һɼĺ⣬ֱͷһ䡣



137 ľ£
֮Ŀٱˣ½ǲܳܣһ˪
ü뷢ڵѸʧٲȥƬ̣ͻᱻ
䣬ȣ
ȣ
תţ֮ڣһɽܱ񲻵Ŀȫؿơ
ǣܴɽأ
ɻ䣬ԥ֣ͷ
һªӵľҡ
ϸȥⲻһľһֻ涼ƽ˵֦ľ۶µģȻȥ
Щطйǽ͹ۣһҲۡ
֮ǰ̨һľвؼЦ
Ȼһ̣յľһ̨̣֮ϵŲ֮̊µˣҲо˲ͬ
𾪣в죡
أϣתһɰˣĸоձٻת˲˲⣬غڰ
ľһն
Ȼⲻ֮еܣǾͣԽ֮ɡ
һ򷨣һնǣ
һ޵ĺ⣬·ǳӹǺӵĹ켣죬һ˵ޣ
ȴˡ
ǣǣǡ
̨ܣ㣬ʼһһ飬⵽ŮǰȻʼ⡣
գڵִŮʺǰһ̣顱Ȼɢȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǵһΣͼžƣʧЧȻȻ䣬۾ˡ
ۣ
棬Ůտʼʱɫؿ
ȻȻ䣬ۡһһѪɫ˲ò԰ס
һյʱ֣΢عһɫӵؿ㡭ȷҾˡȻδûһս֮һΣҸղѾ˵ˣֻҪپһΣһսұ㡣
ǻټġ
˵꣬ԥһݣ㼴̨ת˲ȥǲ˿
棬״΢㵣漴ɫҲ԰ףתֱ̨뿪
սôˣӦ硣
ղһսʵҲûô򵥣Դ󽣵֮һɽѩпױȥ
ʹͼžڶʽձ֮ǰѾ˲ˡ
Ʋ⣬ȴ֮ڣپ࣬Ѿ
ҽΣֻ½Ŀ
ǿѹƣʹͼžǣƸǼء
ԣսһ뿪ص壬׼õҩƸơ

ص֮һöĿһʱͷһðڵĺűɢ롣
С룬ڣܾ
ʱѾֻź뿪ص㳡
°볡Ѿʼ
һսȻһ֮У֮ˡ
עٻͼӣԪ˼
̨֮ϣкʮţԪ˼Զʮţ֮ꡣ
һŮӣ̨֮
һ£ı˳϶ȣƹ٣Ƕʮţʥٷӣ֮ꡣ
棬һµԪ˼ǵüĿ˿עĿ
米֮бһ絶ΣɫĿȸ᳤ɫԲ԰ףƺ󲡳
ʼ
ʼ
Ųһȣ֮΢üͷ˶Ԫ˼һۣʦܣȳְɣ
ѾﵽԪھ磬ԷԪڣȻܴǲ˼顣
ǹƣԷҲҾӶ࣬һս
һ֣˿᲻£ģɶԷȳ֡
ȻԪ˼ȴЩ֣̿һǫصô˼ʦȳ֣
ţ
棬µӷ֮۾΢΢һ¶һ˿죺ȷ
һԣΪǿ꣬սΧ壬ȳֵˣռмȻ
ȻֵˣȴǱҪƺܶࡣ
ԣ֮Ϊ֪ԼʵԶԷ
ǣû뵽ԷȻ飬ƺ֪һ㣬Լȳ֡
ǣΪʦΪȻӦʦȳ֡
Ԫ˼ǲ죬üĿҿǰĿȸᵶҲδж¡
ããеǣз緶ǾһЩǱ
ŶԷ԰׵ɫԪڵľ磬֮겻м΢Ц̧٣ʳָһΣ꣡
·һңͻȻٶ̶ֱԪ˼ʺ
ͬ˺飬ƿգɱУ̶ƾˡ
⾹ȻһͨҵʥٷУټġ
أʹǰһߴʯҲױơ
Ҫᣬ已ˡ
̨£漴ҲһƬ˶һսûκڴȤ
תͷȥ֮˽̸Цʣ׼ȴһսĿʼ
Ȼ̨֮ϣǸһֱüĿ꣬Ȼһ̧ͷ¶һ˫ӣ˫ӣͷ·ö䵶Ƕ
˭Ҳûע⵽˿̣˫УȻϸСɫԲȦ󶨸ڶԷϡ
һۣ
֮ǰȻѩɢ
Ԫ˼֣γǱȸ쳤һ̵Ĺâҫ£Ŀ



138 Ļϣ
ৡ
ζˣһֵ貽ÿһһӰ
Ӱһ˾ȻԽ̨棬ʥٷӷ֮ǰ
ȸ᳤б٣ͬնַ֮ʹԶȴѴ÷֮üëϡ

֮Ȼû뵽д䣬ɫ˲ʱþ֣ʲô
δţδ
ԣһﵽǰδУĸ߶ȡ
ҵ̧Ҫסһ
Ȼһ̣ȴ·ˮһȻ̻ˡ
֮һµı̿ȸ᳤նı
ۣ
ַ·һ飬ɢɢһ̿ȸ᳤ϡ
ǹɱ֮⣬·ֻҪ΢һҪ̻ʺ
⣿㡭
֮ţȻ֮ǱĴУȴһжġ
ôܣ
۾Ҳ޷ţǻԪڶԻԪڣΪʲôȴǷһ㣬ԷǻԪڣԼȴǻԪڡ
УֲԼҲ̫ܵԩ˰ɣ⵹ȫǶԷʵǿԭԼ̫УҲռҪء
Լʤ͵Էǰȥһ㡣
ٻ壬Ԫ˼ʤ
̨֮ϣɣһ²Ѿ̨Ը˷ʱ䣬ֱӿڵ
ʵڣݱ粵ʹڣҲˡ
˻
ֹ̨£һ̣һƬ𾪣洦
Ȼ˶û뵽ͻȻתһĻ
ֻˣʼգĿһֱ̨֮ϵԪ˼ϣ̻һĻ۾˲ء
֮꣬òԩ
ЩУư֣ӣһ
Ŀ̨֮ϣǸһȺУͻ۵ϣ۾УӹһĨȻ
ӣС
ֱǿˡ
ưҲ૵صȴԼҲûз֣ԼУһĨɵ֮⡣
һԿ϶ԼʹҲѾͻ˻ԪͬҲ㲻ȥ
ǳԽ޵һͬˣ͸óû˿Υ͡
ǣǾΥ͵һȫΥеĵǰնȴܶȻ˺
ǵһ׵
ӵʲôܣ
һ̨̣֮£ڲ²⣬ڲɣȻû֪𰸡

̨֮ϣԪ˼𳤵Ů֮깧һ񣬲꣬ȻüĿһ֮ǰ
ͺʤʤʧһ㡣
ǣ˿̨̣֮£ȴѾҲû˸Сˡ
ӰһĲֿԽȻ黯նǰȴĵǸо𾪣ɻ
ûˣСԭİٻӡ
һս֮ڡ
һߣжʧܵķ֮꣬ʧǵ٣̨̨ʱ򣬽Ųһԣˤ
ԭǾԲӦóֵ飬ʱѾûٹעˡ
ʧܾʧܣʹҲһһԲӦóֵʧܡ
սһһֵĿʼֵһǣʮһ֮ս
콣ӣһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬콣ӣϺ⽣Ͼ顣
˶ͬһӣȫһŵ˵ӣͬžޣͬɫǡ
˵սһ˵Ŀ⡣
վ̨֮ϣӦѩ糣վŮϾ飬ȴһ˿š
ѩʦ㣬Ͼ֪Ķ֣ԭӦֱӷ˷ѩʦıʱ䡣ֻǣⳡ̫ҪϾȻ֪䣬뾡һԣź
ĺܺãɣ
Ӧѩ治䣬ȴһĨ͡
ϾΪԭԶԷ
ڣ֪ԼʵУȴ̨֮ϣǧ˫Ŀע֮£ԼһսҪĪ
õģʦָ̣
Ͼ鹧Ӧѩһ񣬶ŰνʣһϹ⣬ʱͬ޷ɳ˸̨֮ϡ
֪ȶԷȳ֣ԼûгĻᣬԣҲԣֱһ֣Ϲ⽣
ͣͣ͡
Ϸʮɣ
һϹͬǺɳڰһһεĹӰλã
ϹһǺӣӦѩǰȦһѣͬÿһȦתһʽ
Ȼ޿ײ룬ϵɱУӦѩȴɱ鲻䣬΢΢һЦ˫ָȻǰǰһ¾
ͣ
·̫֮֮Уһʲôơ
漴һɫ˳һɻصϾС
⣬̫ݽ
һ̨̣µڽ˳ȻΪϾ飬ӦѩȻδνȴʹڣľ̫ݽ
콣壬Ĵؽ֮һ֮ףλаƷ
ӦѩΪһڵӣԭûʸģ츳콣⴫˰벿
ʦý
棬ʵ˱һʧܵϾ飬ȴ˿ɥ֮ɫ·Ԥϡ
Ҵţʦ㿴ˣǾʤɡ
һݺ֮
ϽϹΣһֻɫݺ״֣ŶӦѩɱȥ
ݺ˫չˣ˸ŶĿĺ⡣
á
Ӧѩ΢һ˿ͣһ̧ƽƽһĨƴУӹһϸ΢İ׺ۡ
顣
ݺ׺ڰкȻײͬʱɢӦѩɫ䣬ֻǷ˿΢΢һ¡
Ͼ飬ɫ΢΢һףŵŵһ˿Ѫʶ



139 ĻУ
ֻһУʤС
ȻϾҲһ֮ˣ֪ʧܣȻûз
ὣü˫ƽ٣ļ䣬һעڽ֮ϡ
ĳһɲǣеǱϽâţԭĽ״ʧȡ֮ģ޾⣬
綯Ȫ
Ϲ⶯ˣ·һϪˮһƬӿ
ɲ֮䣬̨֮ϣһƬϹ֣ͬһƬ⺣
⣬Ϲ⽣벻Ȼȳ̶ȡ
ֹ̨µˣһĻ̾
棬ӦѩУҲ״ζһĨأ͡
һҲоǿĽ
Ϲ⽣Ȼ̫ݽǿ󣬵ͬ콣Ĵؽ֮һңƷײ
ϾľʣԣܽŽ֮
ǣ˭Ҳû뵽̶ʱڣܽô࣬Ž¯ĵز
ӦѩȻδνȴ˺һ֮ǰеսУǰδеġ
ʳжָһ𣬷·һƽƽһá
ͣ
̫ݽڶʽ˪п棡
һĽҫ·˪ѩУȻγһʵʰĽȻһն
ѩδ˽Σ
ܿ죬𰸾ͽˡ
Ͻ˪ڰкȻײһϹɢ˪ѩ׷ɡ
Ӧѩɫ΢һףȻϾȴǳܲס顱һֱ̨֮ˤɶ
̤̤̤
Ųϵڵ֮Ħ̼һĻ𻨣Ȼȴһֱͣס
ֱھ̨ԵʱֹסԼϵ˵ĽŲסӡ
Ͼڻ棬һƵ֮ɫӦѩ飬ڲɵɥţһЦ
һӦѩ鿪ڵʦ³çˣлӦʦ飬ûбҪٳˣΪʦ֪ܽٳٽһġ
ǰУѾԱϣ˫ԷʵԣһϾֱӷ
һݣѾֱӴ̨뿪
һսӦѩʤӵмĻᡣ
Ͼʧȥʸ񣬱ǰʮ
ǣȴû˻СΪʵõһµͬܲ
ֻܹ֣һսϵĶ֣̫ǿ
ǿ󵽣ܼͨ

սɾʣѷѽ⣬ڣʮ˳ʮߺţţڣʥ

̨ϣбֵʱ̨֮£һʱ󻩡
һ⵽ٴˣһǰǿ֮һ벽Ѩǿߡ
ĶԱȣôп㣿
ţ
Զһ£վ߰Įڣʥ΢ǣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڵȵһˡ
ৣ
һݣѾֱԾ̨
һߣư֣վһ𣬿һĻǲɫ΢䡣
ҪȥĶ֣㲻սʤֻ衣Ȼ̨Ӧò֣ɷŹ㡣
ư֣һŵסļȰ˵
ǵ䣬΢Цģס
һζرվǰ취һսҪȻˣһһ㣬̫࣬򲻹ʱһӵĻᣬİɣ
˵꣬һݣѾ˵ƿأ̨
ưֻ֣֮ܶų̾һŵؿ̨ϣΪ

Сӣٴμˡ
̨ϣһ£ɫǿ֮һڣʥԾ̨ŭЦһĨβסɱ⡣
ǺǣȻǵãţҵӦͦӲģȻɽУ߲ˡ
Ǻǣãܺã
ԣڣʥˣȻ뵽˵ջɽеһĻ
˵ɽҲͰˣڵԭڼžУҲǵһΣȻǱ˳ȣǣʧܣȻŭ
գ㲻ֻˡ
˵꣬һѾֱ۶˿ԥ浱̨ҾͲҳɱ𣿡
Цɱ˲һҪ֣ɣϼЧȥϼǾ͸ûйϵˡ
ݹʥ֣
ַɣ䣬¶һֻɲĿݸɹ֡
ʧܣѾκȫԸսپĻᡣ
ৣ
ᶯӰƷӰ䡣
̨֮ϣɫĻӰ·ȵĲ̨֮һƬľ̾
ȻһжûһֻݵĹΪɲڵ·ħҹЦֱĿϮ
ǧˣ
ˣһӣˣ𣬵ǰ赲סڣʥĹ
Ϊмþǿļ֮һٻǿˮ˹ĻγɷǱԪΪǿķ
ֻǣֻΨлԪϵľܷӳǰûʹùǵһ¶ǰ
ذˣγˮĻһһأңǰ



140 Ļ£
ȻˮĻڣʥֻǰȴ˵Ĳһֻһġ֮ˮˣ˲飬ɢ
ͷ·һÿ˲ɢˮ㣬һأݹʥֺͣĿڰ
ţ
һ£ڲɫ΢䡣
ԼʵȻֻǻԪھ磬ǣͻ֮ʱȷٷûԪ𻨣һʵԶͨͻƲõĻԪڣ޽ӽڻԪڡ
ңΪԪתʱĴ⣬ڵĵڹϣǷϣҪԶʤһ
ȻʵڣʥλǰĵǰȻ˲һ
ɴ˿ɼڿڴţȻ٣ǰ壬ѾԶͨڵӵķˡ
Ȼ̨ԣȻ־͸ˣΪСѹ£̽һڣʥʵ
õʱԼһʱֲɴ
ֳ£ʹֻ֣ҪõվҪһ˿ģȻЩִ£ϣɶǻ۾𣬲ǰġ
£ԼиĿܣȫˡ
У
֪ٵȣ޷ٵȣľƽƽһĳ
·õ̻ͻȻȼգϸ߿գֻһľ˿̨˵ĿУȴ·һϹҫ˸
飡
Ľ̨֮ϣʯ߷ɶ𣬽ܵķ֣ЩѨǿ߲µķ֣һһΡ
ɼ֮ĳɵж¡
ǣ
еľȻ۶ϣΪأƺһɫ죬˳ؿһӡ
棬ڣʥζûҡһ£һЦͣڶѾӦӶ
Ʒ紵飬ؿڶһӡ״İۣԭطĲѾữΪɻҷȥ
ѱһȥɹʣµģɿɲ˹
аľΪǿѹؿڷڲݵѪͽ۵ľɫȻᴵһ
꣡
ͬһӹһĶ죬ڶѵľٴӳһص׵Ľâ
ľâӣһ𣬳ٴκԭĽ൱
ձ
ϣֹ䣬ţĸоٴεһΣϴθŨң
һһԶԷ׶ٽԼԷĲൽ׶
һ˾޻ڵϢ
ٻȴ׵㣡
ձ˹
ɫĽ⣬ľ̨֮类һξ
һ̣뽣ϣӳԼѧڶǿһ
䣡
̨ڣʥĵڶڰкȻײһ𣬷ֵһʱѡ
漴ꡱһ
޸ʯ̨һαѣµʯͬĩһ
棬ڣʥ˫üڲ΢΢һһĨ֮ɫ
һֵ߿һۡ
ȻҲֻһۡ
飡
еľڳܲס˾޴ѹѣϰصĽâԭʣµСľأҲΪһľʺ衣
ƺһɶؿ߹Ѷϴ룬һѪӿʶ˲ģ
ôǿ
૵صʶľҪһչӣ뿪̨ȴԼѾҲ᲻һ˿ˡ
ʱУһڵָ̳УȻԼ
ܣȴ
һ̣޵һָԼ۱۹ǡ
ûκ죬ûκʹֻǸоһ漴κܡ
Թȥɵ̨
ǰأڣʥı͵óѵЦݡ
ʧˡ
еһͷ漴һͱ˱
Ȼ֪˭ףʱԼ帽ܽԼģư֣ˣˡ

̨£Ȼվϣһü罣а˵֮һݹʥ֡ڣʥ̨£糱Ļ
ûΪ룬ûΪġ
̨£һƬĸ蹦̵£˵ڣʥβֿԣ
״̨֮ϣư֣ӻѾԹȥڣʥǣǣһĨЦ⡣
漴һ֣ѾһӶص̨֮£Լλá
ΧûٿǱһۡ
˶ףڣʥһָӣ¼Ҫˡ
ǣû֪ڣʥһָжô¡
ɺָһŲİƷؼ֪ڣʥطģڣˡ
ˣȫĵ£һˣ˵ȥ
˵ȥˣѾˡ

һߣ̨¡
ưӿѪ߰ߵһ

ȻôôҡΣһ·ʬ
ǱϢ֮£ôһ˿Ϣ棬˶ΪѾȥ
ߣȥҽΣ졭
ߣ
壬ư֣ӷȥûһ˿顣
ûǣҲû˶࿴һۡ
·ǣѾֻһˡ



߼ ڤԨ


141 ʯı仯
ƺֻһ˲ƺܾá
ڣ
ţؿںʹ
һţҪȴ˲¡
ؿڵľʹ
һһӵʯƺЩԼңһ˿ͬ
Զһ̨̨ϣڷһССӭ翪š
㣬ᴫ
ƺһŮӵĹ뷿Ȼ࣬ȷŮӹ뷿ɡ
ʱʯŴ򿪣һƮ룬磬һλŰɴƮɵŮ˽
ţˣ
ǡʦ
ͷһɾףԴݣԼʦ˭
ǣʦĹ뷿
ǣ
Ȼ䣬Ŀ⣬䵽ʦǽڣбһ޻ŵ
ڣõۣճһԵġ¡֡
£ǣ𣿺ֵ֣
õУһ̵ҩ࣬ҩ㣬ͱ̣Ưżӡ
Բ󣬽ҩС
˰ɣ˳˻ͣأ
һߵǰҩŵֱߡ
һæͷҪ𣬽ҩ˹
ȴ룬أؿٴһۣ顱һٴˤ˻ȥͷʯ֮ϣҳصһ졣
˻
ʹõһ
üæһ֧֣һѷסı飬ֺֺЦ˺ˣ³çӣˣιɡ
˵꣬бһ࣬ͷʯϣҩ룬һһףιߡ
ֻ޹ǣǼŵһɺͬϮտʼе㲻˼Լԡ
޹ʦѵһֻ֮ýʦĺ⣬ǿſڡ
ҩһڣһɵԶһ壬Ҳ˲ڴڵľͳ
ļһʱѣҲ˲
ֻ£һҩ㼴ꡣ
ʱпԼʱֻһֱʦչˣжٸйⲻȥ
ŤͷõգȴѾʯȥȥʢһ롣
ĿʦȥıӰУһůһȫ
ʱпգϸϸܵװΣ֣ԼǼʯҲͬͬĸ֣ͬĴСϸ΢ȴֱܿܶ
ԼʯмһУʦУȻͬյǣǱһЩֵʯӣԲΣܲڷյ롣
Щʯӣкаף״Բ͸ͼΣԲط׾ƺʲôʮصܡ
ڴ䣬ʦõӰһγֶ֣һҩࡣ
йǰľ飬һûпܣʦι֮󣬸Ÿоˣһγ˯¡
˯գһԣõеĶһĨͣ漴ֶһĨǡ
ǹ
û˵³˯еҩȥ

ڶ죬ѹ΢ָһ˿´
壬㺮ǰһССľͥԺС
ལལ
պľ֮̿ϣӵһֻССɫɰɰУˮһ㵭İƶ
ưɰ¯ǰľУһ˵һ
ͣ
ð𣬼ƬҶƯһ㣬˱Ƕ
ưֽˮȫȥȻϵڶ
еɫˡ
ƣС¯ѩһޡȻƣҲΪڵġ۶ġһ
Ҳ̣һ˶һ΢Ʒһڣ漴̾
ϣӿЦؿڵôصƣһΪѲأû㸣󣬾ȻڳŹˡ
˵ʲôأ
ưһǰľһһڣЦѣҲ档˺ˣ֪ԣԷһףֵܿϲϲ
ưûư֣ʵ֣£ˣ
ûʺ£ưȻָ֪֮ٴη顣
һԴǣưֻڣʥһս֮󣬻Ѿʧȥμӵʸͣǰʮ
ţ֪
һսĽԤϣҲ֡
ڶڣʥһ̣׼
ֻǣΨһûԤ뵽ǣڣʥʵȻôǿʹԽˮƽӳһشôѡ
ˣԣ׹˶ˣ
ʵ
ʮ졣
ȴʮ죬ʼʱչ㣬ʵѲٶ鵤ҩҲãֻкƤͻػ壬ʦˡңʦȷһˣӹֻ֮һۣ˵ҰɣֱӴˡֱϲյϢѾⲻϹˡˣô֮УʦԷ̣ǵһܰɡ
ޡ
ɫһưֵΣôˣûз
ںĵ顣
ӵĻҲͷתһ뵽Լ£ܿܶʦչˣɫ΢졣
ңưͬҲûǳӵ˼Ҳûע⵽ϵɫɫ
ˣҹҾ֪Ҫȥ̶ʯ°³¼һݣˣ㿴
˵꣬ͳһŴɫ񣬽̯ǰһ֮ԡ
񵥣һȥ΢΢һ
ڵһλҲԭλġƽ̶ȻѾ
ڵһλģȻ̨֮ϣشУݹʥ֡ڣʥ
ȥ֮ϣҲ˼ı仯˵һ߸ԵĽ
ô
૵ʵ¿ȥ



142 
һݹʥ֡ڣʥӣ벽ѨΪѨһ֮ң
ڶ紵ѩ裬ʥٷӣͬ벽ѨΪѨһ֮ң
˭˲ʶƷɣһǧ񾩣ͬ벽ѨΪѨһ֮ң
ˣԭǰ֮еļˣȥһƽ̶ڶ˳Եһ£ɵһڶҲûʲô⡣
ˣȴԭĵΣҲǹ߳һʺѣɱġ쵶ޡѪ̡
ΪֻԪ۷壬ţ벽ѨҲԶ
ߣƣֱΪ񡱸һ𣬡ָӡ
ˣͬǻԪ۷Ϊ
˵ڰλٴγش仯ǰʮ״γһλ˵ӵ֡
콣ӣ콣ԭ״ӣһǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
ΪȻҲѾﵽ˻Ԫ۷壬벽Ѩһ֮ң֮죬˸еĪ
˲ò̾ʵ֮٣Ҳò̾츳ŬԶˡ
һ˵ȫԸĽ
ھλ֡ǧ棬ʮλӰǧľɣΪ࣬ûʲô֮
ˣǰʮ֮У޴ı仯һʧ˴룬ֻƽʱһǴ
һ˺ŵĴˡ
ûϸԿ˼ע֡
ǸĪ⣬һİٻͼԪ˼ʤһ֮󣬵ڶΪһʧ󣬲Ұڶ֣֮ͬԵǰʮǿڶʮ
Ϻ⽣ϾʵǿˣҲ˵ڶʮ塣
Ըһ㣬Ҳ߲ȥڶʮһ
Ѿ㹻ŵˣÿˣӦѩ츳ͱ̬ٶȡ
ڵ֣ٻΪһʧܣֻ˵ڶʮ
ʵ˲һǰ㡣
ԴˣԸźҲûжעӣȻЩøУȴԲһеˡ
˵˾͡ɽѩǿ˵ŹܣԽҳϹ󽣵֮һѩϧʦס
ˣ֪ٻʦǰٻĸ֮һһʵ춯أٴﵽѨڣ۷塣
Ҳû˸鷳ˡ
ưֵĽ˵Ҳף̶ȥˡ
ʵμսŲһ֮λ
ǣսУͻƣֱӽѨ
˵ʱϿգӿ콵أĴ󣬵೤ϴʧɫ漴־ϲӡ
̶ͱƸΪӣֱӱһ׵ƷڵһҲûʲôˡ
ӴˣڣѾˡ
ˣ˸̾Ҳֻʣ̾˼ҵĳɾͣڳ϶׷ʧɫֱӵôһƷţ˱ˣˡ
ͻƵѨͬܵõĴǵҲֲñˡ
̶нճɾͣŬȳ˶һٱһǧĺˮ˭޷˵ʲô
Ԫ˼ȻǰʮսУʧܣЩ졣
Ϊ죬˸죬˵ֹڴˣǲŵġ
ֻʵѾǰҪôԷʵҪôǶԷĿģΣЩʱ֮䣬ûʲôϵ
ǡ紵ѩ롰ݹʥ֡ڣʥһս˽ġ
紵ѩܴ֮һӱΪǰʵɼ
ȻһΣȴҰڡݹʥ֡ڣʥ֣֮ժõһ
ֻ˵ݹʥ֡ڣʥصøø죬˸¡
ˣΪ֣ܲ
ţ
Ȼ䣬оؾʹǲͨʹһĴ̹ǵʹ·Ǳˣ䣬Īشһ
ǣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ⲻӦ̨֮ɵƣһְˡ
ѵͷȻˣ
˲ưӵѯʣæĿаһһڵ״
ʼʱûħͫӣԼԼﲿһǣһСС̵㡣
ǸСС̵㣬ڲϷɢһЩһ˿һ˿⣬·ɢԼ֫
̶Ƭ̼䣬ԼھѾģڲʧÿή޹
еĵһ˿ɫ·ù䡣
ǣ
Σ޷֮һȻ뵽֮ǰһ̣оһָ֮ϵ顣
ڣʥ
һ̣źһɱ˵֣죡
д˰Уֻ̨֮ϣһƫƧ˵ĻҰ˵ֱӾԼļˡ
вֻǧûǧշĵԼпգлᣬһҪ
Ȼϣȴֻװ£۾ư֣ˣǿЦһ¡
ôˣ
ưӲؿʵͬʱִһ˿ģɫòѵƻûпʼָ𣿡
ǲ֪ڵҲԸǵģ˹ɣǿЦû£İɡ
Ҳ޼£Լ취
ңţԼһ취ûУֻڲʱʱ
뵽ƺʲôڵˣ֮ǰ˵ѾţиҴô
ţУˡ
ԣưֹտɫûϸʣһ֣ͳһĻƲᣬһεУһССƬ
ǰϣǰһơ



143 
֣ӹһ
ƲᣬһƷ׷Ϊһֵ󲿷ƷڵĹ
ţ˹Դ澰
һλѨǿߣں֮࣬չĦҹҹ򣬾žŰʮһ֮󣬲һǿ
ˣҲУõΪĽ֮һ
ķǶ̰壬šһ棬Ʒн׵ġԪʽˣˡ
֮⣬ǸУһֵĵҩ
˵ҩڰ̣е֮ת
Ϊħ۵ԵһδħǽѨرĵҩ֮һʮ
ԭֻ͸ǰʮβ֪ΪΣǰʮҲһӵһ
һԭĹ׵㽱ˡ
ǰ٣ÿǧ
ǰʮÿһ
ǰʮÿһ塣
ǰʮÿ
Ŀǰڵڶʮһǰʮǰʮñһǧ׵㡣
ɲһСĿʮ׵Ŀֽ꣬һЩ
ԣù֮Ҳûԥһ㽫ȫתƵԼ֮ϡ
ˣڽȫȡϣư֣ӣһ¡
ΪȽлڴǰʮĵӣμӡ
һɣµĽ·ʱ䣬֮ڹ㳡
֮ͷʾףûưֵ˵Լδڸа棬ʱпвĿǰʵʮһ
ǣһֱڴһĿ꣬Է
ҪСڣʥ
ʱưֺͳһ֣أļ
ԣ˵ͷĿ޾塣
ڵһΣ
̨֮ϣй˼ɣңʵҲûС
ܽ뵽췣ʱƹҲͲԳΪҳϰˣ

ʱ䣬Ҳûȥڹ㺮Уͬʱ취Լڵǵ֮
ΪԼѾپסʦԼСݡ
Ȼʲô취ǵ֮總֮⣬޷
ʹʲôܶݵѹһ£Ҳܿ츴ٴ׳
ţһ㣬ԼʦչԼôãûв޲ߣԼʱ͸ûʲô취ˡ
ְڣʥ
һ̣Уɱ
֪ڣʥǴѧһĹû֪
ܲµ˹һʮټȻѨϵǿʦûа취
֪뾡Ұ취ˣȻȥԼھȫήΪһˡ
˵֮ǡ
Ҫ˳һ
⡭
֣ǱƱᡣ
Ʒ׷
ʱ䣬ɣϣ죬ܽһСɣӳһΣվͽҪСöࡣ
ȻΣգߣڣʥεڵһһҲμӣһΣİ޽ɣţڳϵߣˮһ᲻ϧһдۣһֶΣԼ⣬ΣգҲûлᣡ
Ŀᶨ˲뷨

ν
س½ٿˮϦںԻ
䣬ˮ֮γɳĴۣ֮һһ֮䣬شȻγɡ
ı޴ɫˣһһڻʮ壬Դ˵еû
ǣʹˣͨʱͬʤգں֮ϣͬһββȺɢݣγ׳

ˮӿ̲һ죬䲻һʱ׳ۣи
Ȼ䣬ںߵһʯ֮ϥ£ɫ׳ϣϢ˫Ŀ΢գ˯ѡ
䣡
֮תͬѭźһĹ켣һһ䣬
Ȼ䣬ڣҲͬһˮӿһ޴ޱȵˮ֮⵮һȦ㣬ˡ
漴Ϣ͵һ䣬ͣˮɢ壬Ϊһ㱡ˮĤ֮⡣
ˮĤɢ⣬չ£ҫŲͬһ
⣬ˣȻֻСɣǣԵֵһƷϽҹ
ȵɣƷ׿ڡ
һݣѾת뿪˳壬ص˹㺮

ʱһζһ죬뿪ʦãʰԼ֮һڹ㳡
һΣĸܽȻͬ
ڹ㳡֮ϣȻֻվʮˣȵɽ˺ʢࡣ
̶һʱ䲻ȴ֣ÿ˵ľò뵱ͬ
ңΪȡڽԭЩ˲ٶиһͻƵļ
Ѫ̣Ӧѩ飬Ϣ·ɽڣѾҪͻƵ벽Ѩ״̬ˡ
Ͼ飬Ԫ˼ˣҲнϾﵽ˻ԪڣԪ˼ﵽ˻Ԫڡ
״ԼʱԣûпǰʮľսԸź
һսҲףǰʮǿԼ֮䣬вСĲࡣ
˵ǰʮڳʮˣûһСġ
ⲢûдģֻӼ˷ܷ֮ġ
һ죬һǣҳԽ
ڹ㳡һ˲䣬Ŀ⣬ͬһʱϡ
ЩĿ⣬⣬ҲĮһԴЦĿ⡣
Ӧѩ飬Ͼ飬Ԫ˼Լڣʥ



144 ֮Լ
ǰʮУʶ˲࣬ʶľ͸١
ˣϤˡ
Ӧѩ飬Ͼ鲻˵ͬһ룬ӡϾ飬ĿԴһĨмһ˿⡣
Ȼ뵽˻ɽУһĻ
Ԫ˼ֻ㿴һۣͷβ֮󣬲ɽ¶ˮƺԶֻԸ˺
һ֮ԴЦ⣬΢кƣԾ˸оϵս⣬ƺһ
ǵԴЦĿ⣬ʣԱڵһݹʥ֡ڣʥ
˿̣ĿУźεɱ⣬ΧܱߵļˣʱҲĿһŴ̽ӡ
ڣʦֵˣк³
ڣʦΪףȻʮ˶һ𣬵м˺һ
ʱ취ӣһ£˵ܵõڣʦֵΪΧĺġ
״Ŀⲻ䣬·ܲЩ˵ĹӺ͹ߵһվϾ飬΢΢˵ͷ
漴۹۱ǣǹģĿбӣصȴ
˼״ʼȤȴֻģһ󣬼عͷ㼴һعͷͬתԼ
ֻУѾ̡
ڣԼʱ䵽
̤̤̤
һ̤촫һ䣬׳˹һԳü罣۾ǲһ
˶̧ͷ˵Ŀǲһ̵Ȩ棬ô
ǴλɽҲ֣ҲˣôŴ¡
ǣγӦִ飬Ϊʲôǰֵģȴ̵ĳϣ
һ󲻽⣬ȻⲻǵľĬΪûˣڡٽɱȨǰʹ֮Уλһڶġڣʥ衱Ҳ⡣
˶Լƽʱüۣһü˳ĿȴȨѵʾ
ãܺãˣ
Ȩ߹Ŀһɨ֪ڳ˵һЦЦʱĿ⣬Ҳŵġ
û˷ʱ䣬ֱһ֣߹һִ£̯һ沼˿ʼ˵
ѡڿʼʮˣһΪʮ飬һ飬ѡһɣֹͬ׵㣬ʧܣͬ۹׵㣬Υ
˵꣬˸֡
һ飬ڣʥҶ磬ɽΣκ񡣡
飬裬ڣӿ骣ΣӰ
飬Ʒɣ˵£껪īҺƸ衣
飬񾩣Ԫס
飬Ѫ̣Ͼ顭
顭顭
飬Ӧѩ顭
飬ǧ棬
ʮ飬ľɣ
ֵĸ鳤ǰ
ǡ
֣һǰʮ׷ǰѡԼһҪѡȡ
һѡȡϣȨĿһۣڵٹһ£ǰʮ壬ųῪʼϣܰʱأμһһȵĹ۳ᡣ
׳ۣѵһʱ򣬲ֹŵĸֳ֣ڣĹԱʧ
ǣһ֮ӣܴһŽģݳߵģŵ֮ڣʧʹҲҪά׹ԣһΣҸһµޣһ֮ڣ뷵أ겻ʧܡ
ˣɢᣡ
˵꣬Ȩһ֣㼴ûͣŲִת߻ԭĵط
״ʮͷһʶһһȵӣѾԶˡ
Ҫ֮ǰϻءʱڶǰ񡭡ܴڳģÿһڵ֮ӣʱȻٲһǡӮô
жʱڴᣬ칤ɽţڳڣ¥Ҳ
ʣʹϵıԣڰ£Ҳɵӻ̽̽ʵıȶٲ˵ġ
˵ڳЩˣ֮ӣһɫ֮˸ǲ١
Ȼʹף̶ΪʱڣҲժڵһ
õĳɼڶ
ʱŲԣͲսڵߡ
Ⱥ׵ģǰ֮еĳڣаɽ꣬¡
Ҫ˵ѷϣ̶Ѿӣܴڳս£⿿ǣܴӮô
һСĵףʱ޹⣬Ҳˡǡ
֪Ϊʲô̵ȨˣǾ棬Ҳѹ
ڣʥ裿
ǣʱ˾֮еǿߣ֮Ŀдڴϣ뿴ǵ뷨
ȻĿбӣƺû˻Ҳûκα飬˭Ҳ֪롣
ϡ
˵òõϢͷŭһ֣ȺиԱˣԼСӡ
ڵʮСӣĶӳǱǰʮӰǧľɡ



145 ڤԨ
һӣͰľ֮⣬ˡ
ˣֱһ£ӣԪס
һ£ʥٷӣ߿
Լһ£ʵ¯Ȼǡþǵڣʥµļ֮һҫžΧѵʾ浤ӣɶ
һĻɶٺһЦһߣȻ˲ߣǣڣʥǣҲǣ
߰ɣ
ûԥһݣѾֱӳһ뿪
ŶӣͬڶӳĴ£ǵһ޴ǵشɳ۶

ݣǣǵ֮һڤԨУ޹ðħʮദЩħɢݣԨн飬ܱ߷˴ׯ̶ʱ䣬˲أǲʮڵӣѡһԭ򡣳ɹߣýʧߣ۳һݹ׵㡣Ѷȣɫǣ׵һѡƷϽ׹һ
뿪֮ɽĳһľɰټһ𣬰Լոȡõ񲼰񹫸˳
ԣ˻Ȼ
ڤԨ
Ȼ
ΧȻƣγϡ
УɽһߣڤԨΧķߣ֮ɽҪԲá
ƽʱסŴйصϵԱϳһλӣȴûжӵ츳ˣֻΧ®ӡ
ҪôһЩӹΧ£޵ߣ󲿷ݣҲͨˡ
ЩˣҵΧҲû˸Ҳ۴ǣ֡
֪أǧûжڤԨ澹ȻͻȻ޹ðħӡ
ܵɽҰ֣ʳħ˲飬Ȼ˹ԣһγڤԨʼɢ
Щ飬ħʼв󲿷ݵķ˴ׯ
ȻЩׯˣѾûжֱӵĹϵϾǵĸһЩ֦ɢҶµ֧ʧ
ԣõϢ֮󣬲ŻڴȺǲɳʮλӢӣڤԨ¡
õ鱨ڤԨУһʮ崦ħйĵط
Ϊֲ崦ȽСҲصñȽĵطͱŹ׼̽
ʮʮˣֳʮ飬һˣѡһ顣
ЩطΣϴ󣬻ܱ߸з˴ĵط
һ飬쵽񣬾ڤԨߣһСѪ´塱ڡ
Ѫ´壿
û˴ֻ֣ˣԼ֪һЩ
Ѫ´Դͷǰһִ¡
츳ߣΪִºҲֻ˼꣬Ը˷ԴֲԸԶЯΧǵڤԨ®ӡ
ȥִ¿֦ɢҶγһСʹ䣬УǰЩ껹һλӵͨµȵӡ
ΧУҪԣֵʮСͷϡ
ЩĴʹ䣬Լڻ޵ֵ߳ĵطǰŸСӹϷꡣ
һȽƫƧ·ߣˣ쵽ľôһʮֲֺּ࣬õ
Щ޵˵Ҳʲôԣ˶ûж໰һ·¶ޣҹۡ
ڣ󣬼˸ʼڣڤԨ
ִڤԨһ̣еһμڤԨļˣĿɿڴڴصĹ񹤡
ֻһӲ֪ǧľ޴ԨԨ类һڴ֮Ͽ̳ɣѷ϶
Ԩײɴǣſµڣͨ˸ܽ룬˭Ҳ֪µʲô
˶ܵһĲ򵥣ѹ֣һɳʮˡ
ûлԪϵʵڤԨֻ¸
󣬳˶ӣҲֻǺˡ
ľɿ˼һۣһ֣ͳöӨƣöݸˣڵ
ǻƣĪ⣬棬ʱ·ɢ
ԣŷ´öƣԵֵһ൱ڻԪ۷Ŀ¹
ң֮䣬ܽƣӦѰҾۺϡ
ֻҪʮﷶΧ֮ڣܻһ⣬֪
ֹǣöƣͬҲʮеƻӦ
ֻǣҲͬһ򣬻֮ľҲԶԶֹʮܣûʲôôҲȥܾǡ
ˣûʲô⣬Ǿͳǰ´塣
á
˶ûԥӹƣһݣ㼴ŵͼ֮ϵѪ´Է򼲳۶ȥ
УӹƵɶƿʮöҲӦʱһۣ۾Уһ޵ľϲ֮ɫ
һĻзԶԶи
֪һΣڵΣǱҲʱ޴Σա
Աߣûˣ
Ŀǰʵʮһǵ֮һΣĴʮΣˡ

뵽ˣһЦԪڣɶΪͳԶˣҲ̫Сˡ
ưɡ
һݣ׷ǰˣһ·ۣڣڰʱ֣ϵһɫеСʹ䡣
䣬Բ˿ֻа࣬ʮһСòСĴˡ
ȻʱϿգĺɫ
ЩɫͬһŤڴϿӣܵľ֮˥ܡ
䣬ûԭĻЦ󣬷һ֮⣬·ˣȥ
ľɵˣоǲһݣ֣ܱߺ֣ͬʱС
Ȼ
һУĴһƬݰܣŵĸо嶫ͷԭһˮ
ڣˮ֮ϣꤵת滹һѸõĺʬ壬Ҳûȥʰܷһŵĳζ
ǰߣʱɼ·㵹ڲ࣬ɻԣȥȻĿȻԱǰı顣
ǡ
оһĵĺ⡣
Щħ˴һҹ֮䣬ƺɹǣÿ¡ֻ²򵥣



146 ħ
Ƿϻ
زǰ˭˲֪񲻼򵥣
ľɳҪǣЩħԴܽȻãǲܣϱţǲǿǰҲԡǵʵûôѣһѴţųϲþ
ţҲǡ
˶㣬ͬʱͷӦ
ߣȥһ̽
ľһ֣
ԣڰľ롣
Ȼо˴˼ĲͬѰ˶ǷˣÿһǻԪϣԪڣ۷塣
ˣ׷УѾˣׯ룬ôȥ̽ڤԨ
ȻԪڳ⡣
ڶУû˻Ҳû˻עĴڣԣΪ
ԴˣҲʲôֵ徻󣬾Թۡ

󣬽룬ܵ˲ͬ
ħƺҪϡ࣬ƺʲô赲
ֹľɵˣΪУȻҲһʱ
Īǣʲô챦Եħ֣
ֻǣ챦ΪʲôѪ´ĺ˲ã
ɻ䣬ѭȥƬ̺һþ޴צ֮¡
צ֮£һССãþ˴ӦԭѪ´֮á
ܵħϡˣޣ˸ˡ
ƿѸ಻ľţãһСС裬ʲôҲûС
Ȼһףʲô
˵ģеʥٷӣ߿ΪȻ֮ͬеףֻڻԪڣٵӣ̣һȱһЩܿ췢쾮֮еĲͬ
֮УһСС쾮쾮͸֮
ǣ˿̣Щ֮УԿһöССĺɫңη紵Ҳҡΰ֣·
˸оǹ޵Ⲽ֮д
ȡһ۱֪
Ȼ³ç֮£˿̣Ѫ´ѾȫħϮһһԳ֮
˵һΪ߰ᶯǣпԿħ֮ƷڣΪڤԨ֮˳ҲΪ˸̽򣬼ȴԥˡ
ľһ֣ļ䣬ðһŴĿ̹⣬ˢһ£ͽǸҺҵжϣö˹
ҳ¾ɣкܶͷˣĽߣơ
һƣһ޴ĽƣӲӣƣĵ·ɼ
һƣǼɫСھ²סġ
ţ
һĻľɫ΢΢һԣⲻͨũ֮ӦɼƷ
Īǣ
һۡ
û˴ߴ٣ѾֱӳĲң¶һ
ǣ
һɻֻһɫӣ޹ȻȴһЩʮַĻƣ·Ϲķơ
ħΪоЩƣԲԶ˱ܣҿ
ǣħ飿үүϣһöʮôᱻңΣмûжùˡ
֮УһˣԪ׿ڵ
ӣӢɫ𪣬һΪȻﵽ˻Ԫڣ֮Уľɣɶ֮⣬ǿ֮ˡ
ĿڣȻһ˵ע⡣
ţϹŴ˵еħ飬ǡɣ֪һʹķš
ľɵƣȻĦŹ֮ϣǷ·Ļƣ۾΢΢˸Ȼһ֣ա
ͣ
ָĲϱ仯һӡͬˮһ㣬öħ֮С
ħտʼ޷ӦȻĳһʱ̣ˡһȻʼת

תħ飬ͬͻȻѣһӴʼѪ´Ͽ֮õЩɫħֶȥ
ͣ͡
Щħտʼֿ׷׾ͬСɢǣȴˣֲħǿ֮
Ƭ̼䣬ħ·ţһ㣬·ˮħߣС
Ѫ´Ͽգħӵһգʱٴλָԭա
ԵЩľأͻȻµ
⡭
ǣñ
۾ˣһĻ˭ףħĲ޵磬ǽӽһ
öڣ̽ڤԨΣգҪɡ
ľɢȥӡٴһ֣öӱ㼴Ӱյ£ɢָֻԭ޹ģ
һΣ࣬ǣ治ðһ˿˿Щħûɢһ˿˿ɢȥأҪ˶ãָܻԭɫ
ħ飿
˲ɵõһȻǿǴħĿǣֵԹ
ˣѪ´λִǰ£ֻǺ˲֪乩֮ϡȥи޵߳Ҳ֪ħʹ֮Բǡ
ţҲֻһˣλѪ´棬Ҳһλ޵ߣ˵ΪߴԪڣܻԵɺϣõһöħ飬ҲΪ档


147 ǰҹ
˭ִƣ
Ȼ֮䣬ɶһ˶뵽⡣
ħϡ֮ڰı˭˲ӵУɴΪ˹֣ͬһ̰ī
ľɿ˼һۣû˵
ʵǿ۵λǵʮСӵӣݣʮ֮һеĺģпܽ붥ӡ
ҪǿռΪУҲǲܣֻǣףˣֱӾɢˣڤԨ֮УֻҪʡ
ҡ
Ŀ޵䵽֮УĶɶϣһƳعͷ
ЩУûû
֮ǰԪףϳħ飬ֱӱүүһö
Ԫ׵үү˭һһλȨϣλڸ֮£ôǵ
һˣͬѲܱԪ׻֣Ǿɶ
Ȼ޵λǣڣʥˡ
ڣȻϴӲǣȴĬиڣʥģи̶ģҲи񾩵ġ
ΨľɣӵȣУʵҲÿԣǿĶԪڣ󲿷ݲŻԪڡ
ڣʥȴǡǡ෴
ڻԪڣмһˣ󲿷ǻԪڣԪ۷壬ֻǱĻԪڣķۡ
ҪɵĴڣ˿̣ĲǶռǣɶ¸ڣʥöӣס
ԡ
Ŀһֱû˵ķ߿ϡ
ʵͣƽʱ߿һۣʱȴ£ıҪ
ֻҪ֮У˱һµˣͺƷ
ңԣˣ߿Ҳɵ
һ£˹˹ĵķ߿ڵҿУֻаʦһܿħ飬ڤԨ֮УΣأɰʦִơȻصţϽţһɹ׵ƽ֡ߣԼóһͬȼֵ֮ԽҲԣҿô
ţ
Ԫɶһۣ漴Ĭ
жռ֮ģףԲ󡣵һҲɵӣǣлб˵£Ѵͳһ
ڶҲͬ⡣̵Ȩ渺ǿɲڴ˸ĿŪκ۶ӡ
ȻȨ棬ƻ˳Բ˶ߡǱڣʥԪţҲ˵ϻ
̵ϣλȴϣλҪߣݻҪ
Ҫǣ֮У˻ͨڣΪַֽ
һ㣬߿˵û֮Уȷֻаľһʹ飬Ϊ˴аȫ룬˶ûп˵
ҡͷĬϡ
ľһҸ֪⣬ܿͷ
ȶħķ䷽ʽѾ˶û飬ľɼ״ҲͽħУһ׼뿪á
뿪֮ǰɶԪ׻ģΪ˵ؼȻСħ顱˵ҲڣѴ˵ط˸׳졣
ֻǣϧλִ£Ȼпɣӵһӽı㲻
㻹϶Ҳָ˺ˣڣá
գֻʧȥ
ãļ̌ͷһɫ̫Ѿ׹ȴǸϵʱѿƻ衣
ˣڸϹȥڤԨĿӣ˵Ƕҹ֮ܣΣҪڴϢһһڴ˳ˣǾڴ˸Ѱһշס£ճʱڴ˻ϡ
á
ˣûоܾǣɢԳһȥѰԼϢ֮
˵ħȻѱħգȻΣգټո˵Ȼɢǡ
ѡķ򣬹Զɶֻص˵ӵǸ
ʬ࣬ζţ˶ܿһݣǡǡѡĴ˴
״˱죬ǸԼѡ񣬵Ҳû˵ʲô
Ƭ̣һݣһȽϿͥԺ
˴ڴ嶫ͷΪƫƧĸ׵ľ룬κζȴܵ֡
Уһɾķ䣬ס
ɫתۣҹ١
ӷ̧ͷֻʮ֮⣬ڤԨǵ޴ڵħԨشеħвݳצͬ
ڤԨϿգԭӦɫȴĴһͬһѪա
ѹѪ´壬ǹˣγɣдۣ
ĥȴ֮͸ˣȥһ֪̽ŬָʵΪҪȻΣأʱп֮ǣǣԱ߻һɶʱԿŵ¡
٣Ϊһָʵô֮ǰˣΪ˵ġڣȴǸ÷´ʱˡ
رŴ̽ȷ˿֮ŴӴУСһ
ΪһֻƴСĴѩ͸ϾΨһźһǣȱһꡣ
ѩһȡڣһŰ׹⣬ʥҫԲɡ
ҲԸ뿪ˣһƫƧԭǵ֮лɱͷ۶ޣõһƷҩѩ
һֱ֮Уֻżߣһ꣬ӵתٶĹЧ
ǲ֢ʦõЧ뽫׸ʦβ
ֻǣϧѩȾݣڵĻ𶾲ЧãȻ˷ѣգ
ڣȻ֪ǵΪأѩҲһѹƹЧ
ֻҪʱԼڵǵѹסԼָԪʵôһɶ㲻Ϊˡ
뵽ˣûԥָһԭǱߵȱ֮ϣٴλһꡣ
СУ۾


148 ĸ
ѩڱһɵ㣬Ƣ
һҧ飬֮󣬽ȫȥֱ͸ȴתȡ
ȫ£ƺһ˲һ¯
˱֮̷֮ȴӵܣ֮һ
оһŻһȫӶȥ
ڵҲ֮÷˷
˫Ŀ̫飬һʶ뵽ԼָЩǵɫù㿿ȥ
տʼеѩ֮޷ʧΪҲõʱڣӿ̵Χ
̵ڸеһ˿η֮һȻһȥ
Ȼڵһ̣Ρ
Ӵ·ˮһӿৡһ£ֻƬ̣㼴̵
͡
ڣðһ㣬̵ѩůϽ㣬̵ɫϡµѩҩȴȫӷˡ
ô죿
еˡ
ѩʵĺƷҩҩҩ˵ܹ֢Ҳû뵽˿پͱ̵⡣
ȥֻΨзøѩܼЧˡ
Ըеһ˿ʹ
Ҫ֪ǸղССһ꣬پͼֵǮȥʮ򶼲֪
ˣҪ
ȻʹȻûԥٴ۾Уָһ
ʱղиĵطٴͬСһ꣬һöССɫһĻָ꣬䵽ġ
Уٴα˫ĿһţͽһСƬѩٴ˿У
ʱһһֹȥ
գۣʱ֮㾲֮䣬һƬѾҪӽʱˡ
ڣǸ̵㣬ڳݷȻɲȥȴҲ޺ɢˡ
ʱ֮ڣǰѾһܹİѩ֮࣬ڽѹʵԷٵٶȣѸٻָ
ɡɡɡ˳ɡʮɣ
ڣָ۷ʱʵ಻סмվ𣬺޲һХ㷢֮顣
Ȼ֪ľɣɶ˾ڸվסˣ漴ü
̵ȻݷԼʲôӰ죬ǣȴɲȥ
¶öѩ꣬һͬ˯һ㣬ȴζ޷ȥ
ŹǷͬΣֻԶܱͨȣƷ׶ûĪǣǰƷϣ
ңʹǲȱİƷֻҲûĪǣİƷţ
ڣʥһŲȱӰİƷţ⣬ôܣ
ھȡ
ڣаƷŵˣֻǲУķ֮һ߶֮һ
ӵƷŵģֻûһˣֻгΪӣʸ
ǰ̶˵У֪٣Ӧѩ⣬ʵҲûѧȫѵڣʥҪɣ
ŰƷţӺζ٣ţؼǵڲ
ڲĹ
Ǿֻⲿˡ
ˣʱôࡣ
˼޹ףÿ˶Լܣοڵһڣʥ
ȻպһҪ򽻵Ū׵ʱ
ڣԼʵΪҪ
ѩУóһöС
УʢѩȻͬȴһЩƵͨѩСݣɢŵİ׹⡣
һɺ⣬ʹУɸС
ھϿ֮УɱǿʹǣУ벶õĶƷеҩҶ
ǰҷôΪΪ粻ȣֻлԪתҩΪɣԺΪкܴӰ졣
ԣʱùһΣһֱûٶǿѹĶһֱȵڡ
ڣʵͻԪ𻨵תͻʱֱӾʹﵽ˻Ԫ۷塣
ʱԪڣһ֮ң
տʼ죬Ҫȹ̾磬ľȣһֱûзá
ڣͻƵԪڣнһҵʱ䣬ȻӲִ٣ȴѾûôӰˡ
Ҫǣ⻼Ƶòʼ
ɶڣʥڤԨ֮գԼɱѨü޵
ڤԨ񵽵жΣգĿǰ˿֪һ֪Ƶء
ɱѨ޵ļǵãһβɣΪ½㣬βɣֱĨɱ
ۿʱԽԽٽܳĺԣٵˣץʱ䣬þһзץһʱ䣬Լʵ
Ͼʹƹʹ췣ԱҲҪġ
һѨڵĵֱӱһͷѨ˵ʹٻ췣ĻҲûУǾ̫ԩˡ
ֱӴԭѾгһǵĵطٴλһС꣬һУڵĵʼͬˮһڲ
һʱʱʱ
΢¶һ֮УڰȴҲʱ̡
ؽУһ̣ġ
䣡
һ죬·ʲôƣ漴һɱ֮ǰǿǿĵȪʼת
Ԫڣƣ
ڵϢʼѸ׳󣬴ﵽԪжΣֹͣ
أһʱ䣬ż̷ﵽԪ۷岻ѡ
ʱȻ۾֮ɫ򴰻֮⡣
ڤԨԶԶһĸԶһأϢ
˭ڳ裿˭ڤԨ
ĺ棬ԼһֱУ˾ݳСݡ
ಣಣಡ
ĵӰͬ߻۶һ
ţҲͻȻѣߣȥһۣ
á
ȻϵϢƺЩһˣǣʱȣҹǱ˴ԵҲûж׷
ߣ
һѾѤõĹۣڤԨԾȥ


149 нǮ
ȫǻԪϣٶȺ侪ˣʮգۼƬ̼䣬ٴλصڤԨ
Ȼĸȴ·ˣƺѾԶȥ
˲ģϸ۲죬ȻеĸٴһΣˣƺһλŮڰᳪ
ããޣαرæ
µµ۳ȴٿޣʧ
ȣҹڽ䣬ͭȸ̨ġ¶ͷ˪ز͸ǽ
ʲô¥˵ʲô
ҽʫƲ
һδһãã
ʱʰѰ
ţ
Ȼľһָ
˳ָķȥ漴ɫҲһˡ
ֻ֪ǧľ޴Ԩ֮УһһŽǮĻȻУޱȡ
ͬڵĲˣԶ߷ֿµɷϮ㡣
˿̣ΪԶкڵԼԼֻһλ̴ɫֱõŮӣ質ԼԼ紫ֺܿɢȥ
ǣ

Ȼ䣬ԪڵԪףһУ۷ףһŤͷͳѪ´ķɱȥҲвء
ˣȻһ㣬Ҳò˶٣һɲ亹ֱӶͷ£ʪ½
ҹ˹֮أ˹֮ȻֱӴڤԨ֮зɳַɹˣɣǺǹ
ԽԽԽԽĿ֮£ȻһһŽǮĹ컭һںʧټҲ漴ͣסƺղֻһ
ȻȴԷ֣ԼֽŶһ£·亹øˡ
⡭
ȥ˽ʱ߶Ҫ˲Żعָһһƨɵڵϣ·һ㡣
ȻЩڽˣ㲻ǰʮҲı䡣
ȺУ߿૵˵
һЦͬо뵣ǣصĻµڤԨһ˵񣬵漰ʲôôôͨܲ˵أ
ֻΪǰûһϢǰ
ɶɫҲǱɷףǿһԡ
ľԣȻͬҲ𺶲СΪӣҡҡͷˣҲˣһδǳ˵Ǻô֮һڵӣǲǰװðյģһ˳ϰи棬ԲõģΣգһųϳ־Ԯ
ţҲǡ
߿ͷڻȥҲˣֻӲͷƤˡ߰ɣȻȥлЩ𣬵ȹʱͷȫϸ߿˵
ãҪȥԪʦ֡
Ҳֲ߰ɣ
һ̾Ϣȥһ֮»صѪ´ۺϣԡ
Ƭ̺дһշУҵŵûԾɪɪԪףôȰԪ׶ΪԸٽڤԨˡ
󣬰ľҲŭֱӽСԪ׵һݽƽ֡
Դˣ˶ûʲôԪ״ҲȥҲûʲô취ֻˡ

ڶգͣȷҽǮӦòںкɶ߿ľˣٴγڤԨķ򻺻С
һԨߣڤԨҹͬƺøһЩ粨ˣҹ֡
ȻµͷѾݲӲͷƤڰľһȥ֮£ڤԨС
ڣµһ룬¾˿ںĲľһЩή䣬ӭҡΣܣ·˹
³ε
ľͳһɫСƿͬСԲɫҩһϷһȽԼеȥ
編ƣܵĺǵϮȣС
룡
ûԥľˣֱһ׹ڤԨ֮ס
ţöݹǣ
µ֮˷ǲͬ
֮ףԽԽһ©Σֻͷ·ûС
ֻܾһЩڲȱʯһֹϣģϢ
һЩʯޣǣʨ绢ܣţͬһʯ֡
̧ͷɫԽأһƬžκʻľһ˿·һƬ
֮ϣѩף̵ʬǣģҲ޵ġ
·Ժʼ֮󣬲һҹγɣйͷöʮʮʡ
ͷë֪䣬һɶҲ˼ˣ̽ħԴͷҪ
˱ķǰƶǰİľɣɫˮһ֣ö缦ѵɫħ飬ٴγ֣̯ġ
ħ黺ɢĹͷĺͬܵżʱ·ˮһɢ
ľɾڴˣıߵԽ󣬾ʹı߶С
ʱһһֹȥҲ֪˶ãȻžꡱһ߿һСģ²ȶһ֦ƽʮֳʱ˶Уȴড
һͬʱͷ߿ŭĿӡ
߿ǸЦЦҲ֪ΪԼСȴһСĲ֦
·ղһ˲оʲôڿӣһţŲСġ
ֻǣعͷѰǹɿӵĸоȴʧ
˵аš
˿ֻ̣ĸ֣ǿѹпֻţľɵ˳ǰߡ
´Сһ㡣
ľɿڵ
š
߿ʶشֻȻ˼ֻˣ˿̶ڼȽ֮У˭Ҳûע⡣


150 ʯţĹ
ͬˮһ㳯˿ľɣˣҲ֪˶ã;Ȼѹ֣δٷκ顣
Ȼף쿴߹ĺۼ
߿ľľɣɶ˵ע⣬ŤͷȥͼԶһǲƵǣңƮ
ţȻ
²öɣɫۣߣʮϣԲͨ
½ǶѴĺۼҲµģʾһĻʱ䣬ᳬ졣
ţǱҲΪٵͨ
һЩʯӣɢĴп£мɳϣʾһ˵㼣дСأŮˡ
ľɵ˵ɫ
ˣǰһ뵽ڤԨˣΪʲôһΪ̽ڤԨеܣԭ򣿡
üһۣ벻𰸣ȻգǻƹʯǰС
Ȼǰٴγµĺۼ׹֮Уһֻ޴Ыʬ壬ɫЫβҫűĹâǰԲʲôƲ硣
ǣƽƷޣβЫ
ǿɲޣȻһɱʬϵĺۼԶµġ
ţݲ򵥡
Сһ㣬˵ս
š
ǰУһ·ϣٴγִ޵ʬǣʵģ֩룬ǣ͵񡭡ӦоС
Щޣλ״ӻƽһƷƽ׾Ʒȣûеڻƽ׵ġ
˼ͷ׼̽ޡ
׼̽ףҲеİ벽ѨΪУҲֻڵǰΪ
Щ׼̽׵ޣҲϢûдսľ棬Ȼĺܿ졣
˵ĸˣǣЩޣȻҲܻܣûôס
ߣ׷ȥ
һۣ˲ûзϾŵӣ׾ͱܡ
Ȼ˵ľĶᵽߣһ϶֣ҵս
Ȼǰ̹ҫ޾ĸɽ֮£Ȼһȹʯš
ʯͨ崿ڣɢԶŵϢɽ⣬վȻڳ
ʯ֮ϣɰͿŹϵķƣֻһۣͷԷΣϽƿͷȥ
Ƿӡƣ
УľɳΪߣʶ㣬ʶַƣӡ֣вٴһоµΡ
ӡƣܱԶ֣طӡڤԨģ׶֮ֻǣǧ¹ȥһֱల£Ϊȴֱڳ
ǷӡɶħȻ©й˶ֽţ⿪ӡĿʲô
ҪҪ룿ΣգųϸںһʯţһʱҲԮңǴҵ
ľһûжþϣ۾ˣ
ȻǰľҲеԥоˡ
ȲʲôֻǼǰˣʯڳܾѾǰУʱΣգܿܳԽѨ
Ѿֵܲķ롣
߿ɶĬĿһҲû˵
֪ӣôһʮħй©ĳڣѲɣÿڣһʯţ
Щʯ˭裬˭ЩʯŵˣǴǲʮǰ
ǣЩ˵ͬСˣʮλĻԪڣԪ۷壬벽Ѩǿߣ֪ûѨǿߡ
£󲻼򵥣
Ȱɣȴһҹ峿Щ˻ûٽ롣
գǵҪ󣬰ľһ˾ĵ
δ֪ĶΣգǣԶŵĵشҲ챦档
ֻһССѪ´壬ܵõһö൱ڰħ飬ķӡصأ˵ŶϹرأ
ȻҲΣգֻǣһûᣬƽ󶼿ܵòʱǰôܷŹ
Ȼ֪ΣգǾҪһԣʵڲУӶݾǡ

ڤԨ
һž֮Լĵش
ŨʵʣڣʥǰģһƬ֡
Щ֣ʵɣ̵Ҷں˸Ź֮⣬ʯɡ
һÿվһ𣬾Ϲ˵ͥԺ
ڣʥһۣԥߣ
˳ű룬˻һڵص׵İӣ֮У޾Ǵջ۳ɺӣ£ڤԨϿգϷ
أء
һںУǾ£һצֲ飬ൽˡ
ڣʥΪ壬һһĳ
飡
ոտͱһĵɢȻʵʵ飬ȴĵڿӶг֡
һͷɰ˳ĺɫߣһɺ˫ۣǱʯһǣȴŲԵʱ

Ӧѩһ飬ֲͬ
ǿģ޴ʯʯһĲݵķ㣬룬ȴһʯ
ԭӦʵʵʯ֪ʱѿһӣ޾ĺں֮ʹӴ硣



151 
Ӧѩ˶һۡ
Ĺһ̽ࡣ
һҲûѡ

Сӣڻɽһ֮Եġ񡱸һ
˿̣ŲԶԼǰһںɽ壬졣
ɽͬƾƯڤԨϿգһ룬¶ڸһǰһ룬޾ĺ֮Уͬ嵹
ǣ
ǵǴ˵أǣһɽ壬ƾǵʵôƾȣԾȥ
Ȼһһֱ˺󣬵üĿİٻµӣ˳԰׵ϣ˸Īâڵӳ֪һͨԴӲ棬ɽ塣
ţ
һһۣ˵ϤΨСԪ˼ĵݣЩŹ֣Ҳû⡣
˿̣޲ߣ֮󣬿һۣһ𵱼ͷҲãǾͰ˵İ죬·
ǣ
Ԫ˼۾У̵ĹȦٴһ֣漴ٴȥ
Ϊһֱͷǣ״˶ûз֡
뿪ɽ֮ףһɽԮȥƬ̺󣬾Ȼһεľ޴󶴿ǰ
ɭ֪һɱ䣬ϢӶ
ʹǸһ𣬺γȵСУǿߣ״һĪһ
Ҫ⡭
СУһԱ棬Щص
һŮӣһ£ݣ䲻ʮֳڣҲʮͿΪԼڻԪң浤ӣʮ塣
ţԪ˼ȷûĿͨɽ֮ϣ
һԣҲЩǣʵתͷԪ˼
֤
Ԫ˼ͷ״һˣγԥƬ̣Ҳ˵ͷҲû취һ԰ɣΣٳɡοʦҲԼЦ
ãߣ
һҲǹ֮ˣûԥֱӻ
漴˳ʷ̬ƣȫζڡ

СӣҲмʲôƵأ˻ԥնһһС
ת֮䣬һҹʱѾȥ
ʮСӣʯǰ
һҹʯû˿Ҫ򿪵ļˣҲûг
߰ɡ
ľɻվһۣڵ
ţɣ
ɶЦһͬվľͬʱмؿ˷߿һۡ
۾УɫһΣգҲڻҵţֻҪӣٽڻͳȥ֮
ºһ鷳ڶգڣʦֵţûȥʲô󰭡
һãڣʦֵԸ˳ֶΪ
ЦԪڵľ磬ѹľ֮ˣţΣʱˣȴ
߿һۣʵͣǣˣ
ңҲûЩУʵȷͣӵеֶΣֻûһʤù
룡
ûԥתʯ֮ǰ
ʯ֮ǰŷʯԶиߴ׳ۡ
ʯ֮ϣŷϵĻƣ߸һƬҶһ˳ָұһ˳ƣͷۣɭϡ
ЩӡƣͻʯűأͬаħΧ
һƣʯš֨һ˿ɶɫһ죬飡ݺһĳ
ȻµƾϮʯ֮ϣ˽һЩҳʯûа˵ļ
⡭
ɶɫЩѿ
ɣ
ľһϸִżȷԿ׿׷룬޻Կ֮Ľ
Īǣ
һֶǲˣʯŷƿǾͲ磬ħֶһԣ
뵽ˣһУöҹѱպõħ飬һγ֣ġ
̵Ĺâٴħ֮ϣԭɫͬˮһתתۣٴηɲĽ⡣
ҫʯ֮ϣȻ䡱һʯźȻ飬¶һ󶴣ľɫһϲɶԥһ롣
ߡ
ľɵ˼״Ҳ漴ϣŶмС
һУľɫǲ΢΢һ䣬ħʱģʱ𣬿෽
һ߸ߵʯʯףһֳʬס
ʬѪ죬ͷ­ҲȱһǣƺǱʲôˣȻ˺ѣ
⡭
ߣô죬Σգһˣ
ɶҲͣ˽Ų΢΢˿Χһ𣬾㶼û˵ĬĬشǾʬ׵Ĵš
ֻһ£ٻִһö˶ıָļ䣬һ
ֻǴ˿̣Ѿ˰أҶȱڣϲ
֮ϣδκܱݵı־ԣֻܿȱȫͷ­
Ѫ߰ߵͷ­ǿܱϣʹԼʮ֮䣬ƽʱӦš
Ҫǣ֮£һδɢȻΪҲڻԪϡ
һһλǿߣڷҲһȻϢڴ˴
ЩͬأΪαɱΪҪ
ľоУӹһ˿ĺ⡣
ŵ룡
ߣƹŵǰУ
Ȼпر棬ֻ߶޷ƿһˣǱӣǱףԼˣӲˡ
̰ģԶݡ
ǣԶԶرܿŵŴźؾռ䣬룬һ·СᵽΪ״̬


152 ֲȺ
Ҳ֪˶ãֻ֪˴һҵʱڶŵ֡
ͬƣͬĹģͬǣһĹŵǰûʬ׳֣ҲйһսĺۼԭѪ߰ߣһۣûб򿪡
գЩˣ˳Ѫ˼ǰУܿ죬ʯ
˴ٴγִѪȴʯ֮ϣʯ֮£·ǰȺȡѵͼʯ׼У֪ȴڵ⵽˹
˵ΣգСģ
ľΪӣһɫ䱸ڵ
ˣҲܵһɽ¥ϢϢƵѹˡ
Ǳ׼У׷Ѱڴʱ
֨֨
һȺ֣֩Щ֩룬һֻֻĥ̴СȫߺͬɣĿҫɭĺâֻצڵ϶һ˲ǽľ롣
ֻצǷޱȣͬĳìڵ϶׺ۡ
ã׼ս
ûκԥһ˲䣬ˣ˷״̬ս״̬ת䣬ľɵһ֣滨
һѤ޵ĺ컨Ƽţħ齻ַ֣ɿ췭ɣһӰƮͬ衣
һΣȻʶһΰľɵĳ֣Ϊ̫챻Ӧѩѹƣʲô
һΣڼʶڵӰǰʮʹֻһλİľɵʵ
ʹõ滨ǰٻһʮǿĹְ̺塣
滨˵˹ϣֻ´ﵽƷϣӽƷ
컨ɹһֻ֩룬ǼӲǣûܺܺõıİȫ
ֻۡһ죬֩ͬʯѹȻ飬͡һͬ©һ㣬ҺɳѾɱȥеѸ
Ȼֻ֩ûȺе׹ʢˡ
ͣ֩ͬ͡ӿĳˮ˷ӿգѾľ롣
Ⱥ֪ѹѹһƬֻнǧֻü۽ǲһ

һȣɶʱҲ˲Ϸ׶ȳָֻ֣һм䣬˲һ޴ĺ춦
춦ͮͮǳ״ţƣȴʯһųɶһ󴮵־ӡϡ
âţ֮ҫȥԭضܣп֩޲ܵη塣
浤ľѧ˶
󣬷߿ͷһۣɫһļͷ˲䣬һֱһ߻ɫ˲⿪һӹ㣬ɫĹٳǰ
͵ϥ£ҲΣգ˫Ŀصһ
ͬƽףͬ˱ǧѩţչȻ
ʯ
п߿֩ȺʱһȻѻתϹԭ˲һƬ
ɶİ˶ͷ߿ʯȺԹЩȡʤǰӵЧ
ȶ֮֮Уֻǡ
ΨһõóֵĹֻСѨ֡ңŹҲƷϽס
˵ǿ󣬵ˣƷףӽƷĹҪ˲ֹһ
ңѨǿԵ棬ǵȻԼٶȣѨͬͬʱֻ֩룬սԲˡ
Ҳɥӣһ͸ָ·裬ԾһֻֻԾ֩ϣһ졣
ԪڵʵƷϽ׵ĹЩ֩ϣȻֻ΢ȴ޷ϵķֻһ֮
ԴˣеʮƣȴҲΡ
һĻľһĨʧѵʵԽǿСӵĴԽߣѵʵԽСӵԽʡ
УֻɶǷϲһ֣Ҳֵڣʦֹģҽڣʦһǡ
ҹԶһ㣬ȺȥΧҶ֣Ҳ׷ҵϡ
뵽Ҳ˼һ߷ĹһŲԼȺһȥ
һ棬ľɣ߿ӦӲϾɶǻУ߲֧֩Ⱥǿѹһߵ̬ƣ˶ûзֻ潹һСġ
漴˱ǱƶԮ
ԭأ˲ֻһˡ
Դˣѩ
ɶǹԼΪԼֻѨһŹǾʹˡ
뵽ˣȻЦˡ
ͼžһУ
̨սΪľ̫סͨһڤԨ֮УְưΪŷ֮㹺һ
˽Ϊ˪ƣͬ˪ʢȻķǧǮǣҲԭľǿ̫ˡ
˪һеĽʱԭһһ˿˪֮⡣
ǰĵ棬˲䶳ۣһЩ֩һѾԭء
Ǻܿ췴ӦצӶƿ㣬ֻһ٣Ĺѵˡ
ͬ˪ԭ˲䷢ꡱ
һΣķϲеĿ¹ڣһЩ֩룬˲䱻ɡ
ԭصһصĶ֫ҺȺʱһң׷׳߿ʼɢ
һߣһĻľУһĨϲԭʵ
ͬʱȻǰʮӦеʵȻ֮ǰǼǰʮ
£ԽǿȻԽˣ˵°ȫ뿪ƵѨĿԽߡ
һ棬һֱעһĻɶ֩ȺʬĳȴһĻʱɫһдаվɥ֮⡣
֪ƾЩ֩룬Ըֻðľ˲һתʵٴδȺ߻ۡ
ĺܿ죬֩Ⱥ۵һ𣬲٣϶һЩˣʮǱ
ЩУƽ٣ΪеĿ¹Ⱥҿ
ֻз߿ΪǰǱĿֲ࣬ԣɶƵһߣֻվһһֻߣҧһڣһѪۡ
Һ޶Ϸ»Ұľɺܿϣһʽ滨ĵڶʽ滨ǧɱ˷߿һ
ˣ˽ǰȫ
ľɿһܣɫأڵǿߣﲢȫһȺȺ˵ȻһȺȺȺʱ߶߲ˡ
Ȼǿʱһ·սҲƣ
ԣ˶ûҴʰһ㼴ƹһǰЩ뿪ķ׷ȥ



153 ̨
ĵ
һ·ϣûٷЩ˵ټֱ
ţһʬף
ʬһˣȻ֮ǰڵڶ˵Ķϱˡ
ףϲ²ɣµĺۼϵϢԾˣƤϣȻһλ벽Ѩĸˡ
벽ѨҲɱڴˣ
ľɣ˵ɫȫˡ
ܻɱ벽ѨޣҲ׼̽ף̽ϡ
ߣ
ԥľɴˣʹתȥ˿ͣ
ߵ
ףǸоûУߵģ񲢲ֱߣһԲȦȵȡ
ľɳ˼Ȼͣ½Ųһؿ֦ڵȦ
Ƭ֮վһҿɣ
˵˳Ŀ⣬ѿϵͼΣһɫ죬ͬ
ľڵϻģӣ֮ȴܿһԲȦߣԲȦ棬ÿһξ룬һʯ
Ѿ߹ʯȻУմ·λожϣ滹һҲһ
һӦþͿԿͨشˡ
ߣ
ͼΣȴ׵˿ʯͬһԣʲôΧġ
ЩˣӦǳĵشʯаħ֮ѹ֮ЩȻԹȴû̫ģһǿƣ뿪
ģӵкһҪСģԽϸ߽޵ĿԽ󣬶Щ˵ĿҲԽʱпܷսһҪһһٶʮ񡣡
á
ҲԣһɫһСžŵɶһۣҲ΢΢ɫء
߰ɣ
һľɲûˣ׷ȻܿڰʯȻԶԶأɫ
˵ص£ٴγһ̲ѪȻǰˣѪһ·ӣֱĵشȥ
׷
Щƺ׷ɱˣһΣԿǵĿˡ
ߣ
Ӷٶȫһ£ɿ룬ľɣɶǰ߿
ʵֻ
ոͻƣΪϷ߿ټ϶ӽѾãڷ߿֮£Դʱһ·ʩչȻԿһߡ
һ·۵糸Ƭ֮һ޴̳֮¡
˼̳ºϰףа˲㣬úʯΧƣĴһϹֱ֪ʲôƷ
Ϊվڼ̳֮£ֻͷԳ˵ϼ̨򿴲
ȻʱȴһٴУɫ信̨֮¡
Ϊ׷һֻ״ֵޣУһۣΪףǮױ߰˪׵ӣԼһ۵ɫѵСŮ
˿̣һޣţм棬Ѫ߰ߵ㣬תͷȥһˣж顣
ȻҲ⣬Ƹأ˿һսȻ̬۾ʾŲһλȡ
Ȼս֣ȴеѪԽһһ£֮ǰһսܹˣһ·׷ɱˡ
ʲôˣ
ϵʱһƺͬʱֻ޾۾ʱת˹ȻһͷСģСʨӣһƤëͨʾŲһʡ
̽ף
ľɵˣ״ǲɵһһɫٱ䡣
Ȼϣʵ˲ɴһ
Ŀ䵽ϣ˵ķ·ľˣȻѨ
֮⣬ȱԵСŮϣҲܵ˲ѷɫԼϢ
Ԫ۷壡
⡭⵽һȺôûų
֮⣬ǿʵδ𣿡
૵صһо𾪡
һѨǿ߲Ϊ壬Ѩ٣ڸʮλλ
һʮһ꣬ȴӵлԪ۷ΪСŮôģһΪ֪
ȴ˿ʵ֮֮ǿ󣬺ͲСˡ
֪ľɵȻԸҲòӲͷƤվ
ľΪͷߣⱣһһ㹻İȫ룬Ųһ֣ڵӣľɡ
ڣɶ
ڣ߿
ڡ
ҲҪԼŵʱ򣬺Ȼסˣһ˲˲ؽеǱ
˽ͨڣ޹⣬ȻţʽţλûƣһССġ¡֡
£
龪㵣߿ں£ŻȻѣеļ䣬ʧȻһ֣ڣ


154 ̤֮
Ŷԭǰ˴֮һĸͽ
ԣ۵۾һĨ֮ɫȻڵλ˴̳֮ϣӡһֻԶаħӡɶǼλɢˣаħӡδ֮ǰɱֻǣû뵽˵ص׾Ȼδػڴˣʹҵһˡ֪λСֵܿɷæֵֻʨޡ³֮Ǳл
Ŷаħ
ľɵ˲δţϵ֮ǰʯ֮ϿЩӡƣ뵽е̽ѰħԴͷҲ֪˵رزѰ
ٿ̨֮ǵϹ⣬ԼԼ򣬱Ǵˡ
ֻǣʲôаħӡڴ˴ˣΪɱаħôʯűڿӣΪ˽аħ
Ǻǡ
ľתȴ¶Цһڵ֪λմµȿɶǱˣλµڻδ֪ء
ŶҲǣĳʧˣǸǸỶλµһλ󱲣¿ɶ
Ỷ¿ɶ
ľ˼䣬ȻʲôٿյǱϱǸΡ¡֣ȻȻɫһ䣬ڵ̤Ỷ
һ֮˫һң¼Ỷ
ĳССҳݣλЦˡһЦҲʽˡ

һ£ֹǰľɣɶ߿ˣɫҲȫˣ̶𾪣Ĥݡ
½ſȻһԡߺΪףꡣ
У֮һףϯӡ
ԣӣҪӣֻҪ޵ˣûûߺ֮
ߺ֮УһΪԹǾǽ¼ҡ
¼ңһ֮УǾǣպã̤Ỷ
Уպãߺ֮ףλڡ֮£ҳ磬ʵҲ¡
̤ỶȻд֮ߺ壬Ҳߺ֮һ׿½ϵˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ڤԨ¼̨ǰȻߺ֮һǴ¼ҡ̤Ỷ
˪ףһԱȡ̤ỶףǲȻжԭһ㻳ɣɢ
ãԸ̤һ֮ڳͣǾͲˣӣǳֻҪλΪħǸʵβԸģ
ľڻش
ľɵĻش˶ûпڣĬˡ
Сߺ֮һġ̤һֻ̽ޣΣȻãĺܽɱ
ãǾô˵ˣλϣֻҪλǣжҵġѰɽɱ̤ỶЦڡ
ãˣǱжɡ
ľɵҲûԥľɵһ֡
滨ʽݴף
Ѥ޺컨ţͬɺѩֻСһСġʨޡ
֪̽ޣľɲҵһֱӾʹȫ
Щ޵ĺ컨ܿͬҪѹһֲȵ
ÿһ컨֮У̺һѹֻҪĿ꣬ͻᱬը
壡
ɶҲ˶
һΣǰͬ⾹ȻɫͬδˮӲһֻ꣬ȽȽ𣬰ͷ
˵Уֻסж֣һʹõģܺصˮ
컨ˮΧͷʨޡȫ£תȻȻľɶϲֻ׷һ
𡭡
ͣͣ͡
ľɷ滨ɶİ˶ȫƣ컨׷ڰձըˮûͱʨ޻ˡ
ʱ߿Ҳˡ
ͼžһʽУ
˪չ֮ӣʨȫ£߿ϥַɣָҡ
֮𣬿Уһħ˯ͬʵʣʨޡ
ҲΪ˵Ϊ
ʨͬŭȻ˲ɢĽ⣬ԼƷ߿ķΧ
漴廯Ϊһź⣬߷˶ٶȿ쵽գѼ
ʹˡħͫٶȣҲ׷֮ϣжʱһݡ
ʱǸһֱԹۣȴġ̤Ỷڳˣ
ֻеǱųͬɻҶһ㣬ббһ˲ʮ߽
ֻʮߵ⣬һͬƴٻģ֮һɴϢ
ȻʨȴƸоΣգȫë˲ըһʱ̤ȥ
Ǻǡ
ʱһֱڡ̤ԱߣǸ˺ӵСŮһֻϸƵС֡
֮֮٣֮
˫һС֣һ˲ӡӡ˲һ
ԭؿһ͸ɫʨ̤м䣬סʹԡʨޡ̽׵ʵȻҲһʱ֮ѡ
⡭
棬߿ȣǾԣСŮʵȻƺ߹ʵǿİľɣʹ֣ҲǿƥС
ôˣ̤Ѱᡣ
еǱųٴʮΣʮ⣬ббɳ
̤еǱȻ֦ʻ㶯ˣֻһգۼ䣬ʹ͸СŮ¿ɶ¶͸˷̵ʨ޵ǰ
ֲ費ʨȻŬƶһӣڱ¿ɶķ绷һʱá
ַŭܹҪ͡һ˲֮䣬ظ֮䣬Ȼ˲ʮСףѪ߰ߣ˺۴ٴܵش


155 ħ
𡭡
ʨ޷ŭˡ
ֻһɫĹâͲͣԭССӣȻգۼӭ㳤һֻС
СŮ¿ɶķ縿֮Ȼǿ󣬵û˴Ŀռ䣬˲䱻ű
ʨ۾˸ĹâһѾš̤Ỷֱ˹ȥ
ǺȻľצͬ޹ֱ̤֡ǰ
̤Ỷη壬ǿƣٴȻ
һɫĹâʹеâ֮Ⱪǡ
бӣ֦ᵴֱ֮ӱ˺ѣʨľצڰкȻײ
飡
һ죬ؿѣʨƺһ˺벽ӳֻצ֮ϣѪ죬ѿһĿӣɢ١
̤ỶҲܣŲڵ㻬ɵľ룬ֹסսֲ
Ѫ·һ£ڵϴ졣
常
СŮ¿ɶ¶
޷
̤ڰڣοСŮȻ֮ϣȴһƬأ˿⣬ٴС
ʨſ죬³ɺͷ˵צ
漣ģֻصצȻʼѸٵѪֹס
ǰſأ󱳹𣬡𣡡һݣٴλΪһź⣬̤ݶ
;УһţһֲĻƿշɳƵÿЩ黯
ȵˣʹʮԶѬͷǡ
״桰̤ɫأȻȴη壬ֻһ沿ͣγɵϣ˿˿תڵﲿλ
漴ĵﲿλһɫĹâȻ𣬷·һֻת貵Ļâ
Żâһ˲䣬ˡеһһ֮ǰǿ󣬸ӿµĽ⣬Ȼ·˺ա
δиõѷ졣
Ѩ
ǾѨ𣿡
ȻҲѨǿߣȴٿǳ֣⻹ǵһΣؿѨǿȫΪ߷Ѩʱӡ
޵ֻǳ̤޵֮·е⻯ǿԪ֡
ֻ޵ĳ׶Ρ
ԪѾԪϢᴿԭһɳɵıڣѾɳᴿоƳٱֹ
һԪǿߣһնɱʮӣǲࡣ
ϾɳײϵĽʵʵ̫ԶԤϣɳһûκη֮
Ѩȴֲͬ
Ѩԭĵ⿪һ֮Ѩ
ÿڣеǣԭĵֻڣ߱κιܣഢ֮á
ڣҪģȴڵУٳһĵת֮
ת֮ѨѨһγɣϢԴԴϣȡãµĵ
ԣѨǿߣǱܵش򼸺ûȥߵʱ򣬹ϣʵȻǡ
һ̣̤Ỷʹóͬʱѹ乥˿µĵز
ٴڰкȻײ̤һ𣬡ۡһһͲסһѪ󵹵ɳ
ǰɫٵطܻ٣ֳڵ״ʮǱ
ֻʨޡҲܣǵǿҵĽĶͷλãѳһĿĵ˿ڣֱӼǡ
ѪʹɫԽͣƺΪܵһػҲС˲١
ûᡣ
״ľɵ֪Լ˳ֵʱˣһʱ䣬ǾƵ
滨ʽڷɣ
һণĻ棬԰ľɵĳ֣һ˲Χͷʨȫ
һΣľɲǷУһʹãǿɱ
ɶ߿СŮ¿ɶƺҲͬ뷨õģԼǿĹ֮
˶࣡
תϳֻɷȻŶʨ
ʯ֮ʽɱ
һη罣ڷ߿Ĺ֮ɣԽԽ󣬴Ƹ죬ֱʨ
ͼžڶʽձ
а˪ͬԼǿĹ֮У޵ĺɫ⣬·һΪĿ˺ۣʨ޵Ĳһ
СŮ¿ɶһӡһö޴ķУһɫĻ棬գۼ͵ͷ޴ʨǰ
ܵǿµĹͬʱϮʨ۾¶֮ɫˣһȻ
䣡
ӲһӻΪһŻ⣬СŮ¿ɶķ򼲱
á
оķ߿һѾֱӳʨ˹ȥСŮǰ
ǣȴûпڱСŮ¿ɶ۾¶һ̵ĹâСļ䣬ȻһˮĶС
ۣ
Ҫ
ͬȥҪԮľɵˣⲻ˼һĻ¿ɶеĶУ͡һβֱûֱֱشӺᴩ߿ࡣ
ȻӲԭأϵɫ𾪣ɻ󣬻оŭӡ
㡭
عͷ߿ŵؿűԼ屣ںСŮûзӦΪʲô漴ʨ޵Ĺ֮
ֻһ˲䣬ѾΣķ߿ͱŭеʨ˺Ƭ
ǺǺǡ
ʱǸһֱºͶŵӡ̤ɫȻһ䣬еĳһݣʹ̴˰ľɵࡣ



156 ӡƿ
ŵĽ
ŵʵ
ľɻعͷǸһȻº͵ӣеѸͬһ䡣
Ϊʲô
૵صһֱŵöħ顣
ǺǺǺǺǡ
Ϊʲô
̤Ỷ΢΢һЦɫ䲻˿Σһ̧֣Ѿϰһߡ
µˣӥǳüɫ信ԭһ֮ǰȫͬİס
ƤߣԭǼٵģԭˣԭ
ľ૵صɫУһ˿Ȼһ˿ѡ
ԭʻգѸѪظ䣬·Ȫһӿ
ӣ
ûٿ̤ֶŮˣǿɶķ
ףԼ߿Ѿ޻·һѾ˺Ƭһнӵˡ
صţϣΪǱ𣡡
˵֮䣬ɫһ㣬ת˲֮䣬һеħ顣
ã
֪Ǽٵġ̤һֱЦ⵭Ȼè׽󣬿ľɵĶȻ뵽ʲôɫȻһ䣬μˡ
Ȼǳˡ
䣡
һµ죬Ȼԭشľɵ壬һʱ䣬ħըƬѪ׷ɣ档
ըನҲСԻʽըжֲΪʹ̤ΪﵽѨҲȫ
ۣ
һѪ³εɶһˡ

۾Ѫ죬һбɣͳɶ;У³ԴʸǱ쳣ɶ֣Ҫº󻼣
ɱĸԪףǣҪԸԪţûôˡ
˴֮һȻһпǸֱԪѨǿ߲֪٣зĴڡ
֮£һΪ֪롣
СŮ¿ɶӦһһЦҲͬתɶվķλ˶
ȻڴʱͷȫһѾٴˣԭ˺ӵʨޣ֪ʱѾһǵվ𣬳š̤Ỷŭس
ӣ
ûκԥɶˣһۣһͻΪ⣬򣬷ɶݶȥ
ߵô
СŮ¿ɶűʨٴεסġ̤ɫһ˿ԥ漴һӵķ׷
֮Уʵϵͣ׷ɱȽס
ɱٻ׷ɱ»ԪڵӣҲü
׷ԪڣҪʱ䣬ɱԪڣпܱӳȥ
һԪڵȻڣԪڵӿܴȥϢȴǶ
ȻʵСٶȣƷӣһ̱ӵ˼ĵز
¯ٶȣ˻һ⣬ٶȾȻ֮ӥҪ֡
СŮ۾һ˿죬漴ֱΪЦмӵùһʱӵùأʹһԿһֻ֣ҪѲҵ׷٣һ׷㡣ԪںͻԪ۷壬Ϊվһȵĵľٶʱڣ
뷨ǣٶȫβֱ׷ȥ

һߣܵСŮϢ׷Ѱȥ֮ʱɶвһ˿ֻ֮⡣
ܺãľ߿ȥ̤ʨ޵ţҲ׷ɱһˣصšʱ򣬲ܽڣʦֵͷ󻼣Ѿˡ
ûлͷæӿٶȣһ߱ȥգۼ䣬ξʧããĺڰ֮Уʧ

ǰ
֪СŮ룬ȴҲһʱ䣬ͬʱ뵽⡣

Լĵɣٶȱض½ٶһ½Լڡ
ƫƫƷ׵ĵٶԶʤͨˣҲĻԪ۷СŮ롣
뵽ˣһ˸Ȼһһҧ̽봢䡣
һУѾһŻԲɫĵҩ㣬ζƳ

ô£ôôˣԷĵȴƺĳ̶ȣԼĵɣ
󷽣Խ׷СŮ¿ɶԽ𾪡
Ĺ㣬Ԫ۷ΪϵĵôûԷܱǿٶȡ
ٹãԼٶȣҪ½
ѵĹͬΣʲôֶΣ
ߣҾͲˣһԪڣ㻹һֱٶȥˣ
ңֻҪͷʨ޽㻹ʲôƣҲһҪ
ѨٶȣͨԪʹһֱٶȥѨǿǰҲһ
ԪǿߣѨǿǰǲһӡ
ԣ뵽ˣСŮ¿ɶּ׷ȥ
ǰап࣬ոһ˲䣬ʵѾɣٶȱ仺Ϊ˻һ˲䣬еɫҩϸȥ
ϸ
СǰĽ֮һֻܹףˣһһ
ֵҩһöһԻָһԪȫĵʹУҲʮϡٺ
ԭԺãû뵽ΣڤԨ֮УΪ˱ʹó
ܱٶȣһֱŮͯ
ֻһöϸҲѺľ棬СŮֶͬΣҲֻ־͸ˡ
ңʵĵģŮͯŮͯʱ׷֪ٵġ̤Ỷ
ԪѨϾȻͬľ硣

̨֮¡
˵ġ̤Ỷ˵ʨޡ
̤ļ׷ɱɶˣһ֣˻֮ͻȻȻצۼ䣬˲䲼һ㰵ɫĻƣ
һצץͬ˲һڵĴ󶴣ڶʨ޵Сͬһ㳯׳
ʨشѾز֧һͬͻȻ©໡һѸСֱԭС
һãǣ˼תȻһԾܡ
״̤׷֪ѾΣĵزֻһܽɱ
һͷѨޣж󣬿֪ʹҲԸ
ֻǣʹ˴ʨ޵ٶȻǳܼʹ׷ϣҪѲʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ǰɶпܳıʡ
Ҫǡ֪ЩĵӺûŵĳϴڣѰ˹˴дơ
뵽ˣӥǳüġ̤ɼһ˲׷ɱʨ޵뷨һѾż̨ϿƮȥ
õƿȥ׷ѰȻ겻ɣǱȱ֪Ҫ°ٱ顣
̨ϿգֻһΪĵ棬ܲϷĻơ
һЩģǶһööεĹƺۡ
ģһöͨ͸ˮתĴָСƿ«
ƿУһûһ˵ģ治϶˻
ӡƿħ棬뿪ˣ
ﵽѨΪ綼һ۵ӥӣöССƿȴȻͨһ£ͷ
ŸСǰӻͳһöССƣȥЩơ
룬ӣشƿ뻳Уһ뿪ķ׷ȥ
뿪̨̮·֧ʧգ۳Ϊһ
ؾҲ֮ҲʯؾϾҪ



157 
ӣӵȥأ
ڵĵԷɿٶȲģȻ;УٴηöĵҩվȲϸٶȣֻ㱭ˮн
СŮû¶ļ񣬶ɲûеڶöϸ
ȥУ׷ϡңΣں棬̤ʱ׷ѵҪһУһǿٻ췣֮
ԥĵڣȻ䣬ͷؾϿգ޶ըѣʯҿ飬׷·һ£ҵһͷΡ
ţǣ
׷֮е¿ɶͬʱһ㶡
漴ɫһ䡣
Īǣ̤Ѿʨޣ̨֮ϵĶ֣˶ã˵ѾҪ׷ˣ
У˲䲼һѨǿߣԼڵʮȥ£Լûκη֮
СŮ¿ɶʼҲǶȻһ漴뵽ʲôɫ֮ϲ
Ƕôˣܿͻ׷СӣܣҲʹ˵ͷˡ
Сӣ־͸˵һһȥץʬΡ
Լʮһͣ˵ĻȴСӡ
ңɭɭĻһʳڵʮСŮ˵Թ죬Э˵Ĺɭ
ȻǰȻоһƬȴûͣµĽŲɱųߵٶȣǰȥ
ͷľʯȻ¡ʱ֮ǰʹòͣһ£ʱм䣬ȴֿ֮
֮ľ룬˺Զ
һĻȻһ
ˣôᣬСŮֻҪ˦̤Ҳ޷Լλã׷ѰԼлᣬӳڤԨ
Ѷ˲취׷һȻ䣬ѵʯڡ
ʱһ֣Ȼӳɫ·һԲ򣬳СŮɳͬʱеҵӣ
öԲ򣬻ڣһϢһööѣɢһɵ֮ȷǻʵɡ
öԲ򣬶ǵھϿУȥĿǿʹһֱûʹãȴڴʱʹ˳
СŮ¿ɶһ㶣žǲм
ӣȷǲ˵ԪкڣԻԪ۷Ӱ죬Ѿ
ǣ˷㲼һ֣ͲܶʲôӰ졣
ˣһ֣ЩİԲȥƫɨ谭
ȻڴʱӣȻڰкȻײӽ˲䣬бը˿
һȴһת䣬бϣͷʯڶ
һ¡죬ʯڶԭҡҡλεʯ飬Ȼ̮ͬһ䡣
ʯ޿飬׷ɶ£ݣһʱ䣬ѨԲʮɷΧڣȫǻҳɽҲӰ
һݣѾʯţһۣѾãã޾ĺķɱȥ
Ϊʯ赲ҳСŮ¿ɶԭͬݳʯţȴȻɱըನһŪһͷͷ
عƿʯ֮жѻʯɳһӰټʧӰ٣֪
ɶ񡭡
ԭض˶ţǷ۵ϣȴһƬ֮⡣
Ƭ֮һ۵ġ̤Ỷɳʯţ¿ɶһվɶӰѲʵôѾȫˣ
СŮ¿ɶԣĬΣҡҡͷûУӵˡ
ӵˣ
̤ỶĲ˼飬СŮʵ룬һԪڣһԪڣȻ׷ɱ£ѳȥ
ǡ
ȻѿСŮ¿ɶֻӲͷƤڵ
ߣ˴鷳ˣȥô㡣ߣӵһʱӵһֻҪڤԨĳڴţǾһͶ
ߡ
СŮ¿ɶ۾һ漴һƬݺݵɱ⡣
Сӣץס㣬ʹܴҵӵı£ҲĲҡ

ڤԨ
ãã޾ĺ֮Уǰ˿
ڵĵѾĵò࣬ǣڸʱܣԸͣһһ
֪ÿͣһ֣ΣվԽȻʱŮɲȷ̤û׷ѰֶΡ
һ򣬾һ
ţ̤Ҳңֻ»ȥڤԨĳڴȥˣǾͲڤԨУֻ֮Ҫ죬ųһǰʱǾоˡ
ףشǾԼϢͳڤԨϲ֪
ԣһ᲻ϧһдۣΧɱԼˣǻŹԼ
ˣҪӴ˵֣ҵǵä㣬ˣлᡣ
˼תתۼ䣬뵽˽İ취ڤԨĳڴУֱΣյڤԨ롣
ܿڸǣΣգƫƧĵ·УԼ֪Լںη


һʱ֮ڲǵƮ֪ƻЧڰСŮ׷ɱ
ʱڵĿŲϴ
һƨڵϣֻͬһ㣬죬ȫûһʪģͷ֮ϣˮմϷ˿ճһƬ
Ȼȴ˲Щһ֮أϥתȻľ̽
һ̽鲻ҪһԭͬһƬƽһĵ˿̿յһƬͬȻɿݣʲôҲûС
Ҳͬɿһ㣬ҲҲһ˿ĺۼڸղŵķɱУõøɸɾ
Ȼղһξ룬ܹġ
ԥһ֣ͳһɫСƿͨС̷ȥ
ٴα۾˹ҩ
һʱʱ
ܿ죬ʱȥڣһССĵ
ɵһγɣˣҩһַɢΪһεСˮΣУ
麣ˮСϪСϪ׳ɽӣͳɺ
ʼһָٶȾ͸ˡ
һʱȥڻָϵʵһݣٴγǰȥͣ
ֱԽԽ룬ԽԽ룬ܽһƬ׹Ƕˣ֪ԼѾ뵽ڤԨˡ
ڤԨʲô
֮ǰãֻһ˼űʱһƬͻȻشһ
֮ǰ̨֮ϵǵϹⷢôϹѾλ̤ȡߣΪʲôڤԨеĺȴٶ٣
ڤԨȴƺˡ
ѵǴ̳ΨһڤԨʮϵļ̳ÿһ̳һħй©֮ڣ
뷨˲䣬ȻһһЩͬѰ
˻˻˻˻˻˻
ܣһƬڰ֮УȻðɫĹ㣬Щɫ㣬ͬһ˫˫ɫ۾ڿ
žȻ֣ЩɫĹ㣬۾һԼۣɫȴƬĹڿ
һʮ
ƽƷߣ



158 ʮɱ

ߣƷײߣ˵һ˿֮ѪϾȻСƬ
ǵֻ£¾ʳϲȺӣϲֻҪһϵˣǲݡ
ԣǴǾ۾ӵصĵˣˣ̶ֻ˲䣬ΧΧʮıߡ
ͷƤʼˡ
һߣɽҲûлᣬʮϣǼʮ
ʹҲǲɵ
ô죿
ԥ˲䣬ЩѾ׷׷ߣһζӿһʱ䣬̻ͬǺӣεΪ׳ۡ
Ȼֲֿĳȴûʱͣһʱϰգ󾲾ӡ
бߵռ֮󣬾Ͳζһͷ˻˻˻˻˻˻˵
һ³ţ޷еĵˣһЩԾ𣬳³һڿɫĶ
á
һʱΣգٴһ˸Ͻʮ֮࣬ڰȫ
Ҳǰ취һֱڿվǳ֮ߣдﵽߵʱ򣬳ﵽѨࡣ
ѨҲֻӳûа취һֱڿв
ϾѨҲܣһٶȴٶȣѨǿҲʱ
ܣҲûпԶ֮ҪǣԵβ죬ȴǱߵĵ̣Ҫܹǣס
ֻдһӲˣЩ߽߲ˡ
Ŀ˸һһγԼ彣˪
ͨȻû취Щʲô˺ԣĿǰΨһֻŵԼžɮϣ֪Ʒףȴͼžˡ
ͼžһʽУ
µĽ˺Ѵأ˪Դĺõ֮ϵЩʱһ漴߶ʱ˺ѣ̵ѪҺĴɽһʱѪޱȡ
б߷ŭˣǷɢʼѰҰ취Ӹһһܡ
ȻˣƺǴȫʤıȴƺѿ
ʱʵҲʹǰʱȴΪģɵʱ
ʱʹһУڵĵѾٴɶ࣬ʣĵѾʹһ
ô죬Ҳûмٶ١Ҳ֪Ķ»᲻иıǰټάҲҪϵģȥ˶ãҾͼֲȥˡ
ô죿
нޱȣȻ֮䣬һΪЩߵ˲䣬ʶ֮УӡٿȻһ˿ҵʾᣬ֮Ȼֶһּ
ɱƽмޣһƹһٶʮ㡣
ɱƽмޣƹʮ㡣
ɱƽмޣ߶ƹʮ㡣

ղһ˲䣬һɱߣͬʱȺ󣬵ͬһʱ̡
ʶڵľӡУʱм¼Щ¼ȴȻգ۱߰ʮƹ
ԭʣʮƹʱһԾ˲һǧİٶ㡣
ֻһٶ㣬Ϳٻһ췣֮
ˣ
ֻգۼ䣬۾һ
ֻҪԼٳһֻҪԼзһ֮ЩߣͲΪˡ
ֻǣҪôһأǵһУǵڶձԼʱѾûа취ʹˣֶΣ˵Щƽмޡ
ţˣ
˼Σ˰취
ǿάԼȴԼ建׹ȥͬʱһˮĻʼ֣ܳЩߵǰ
Ʒ׷
½һ߶֮ʱ·ЩѾԽԽ˻˻֮Уɺķ඼ɼһŵѪζ
üͷһ壬ȴĳԣ½ȥ
ڣһƺܵѾﵽԼĹΧſڣöĶ̹⣬ҧ
һ˲䣬е˪˲ӳ
Ѩֽ
ʹкͺձһʱ̣Ҫɱ˲뵽һ취Ѩֵķţ뵽֮ϣԵ棬Ⱥˣֻɱһ
ȻѨֵĵת켣밵˪һ̣˪֮ϣâ֮Զոտıߣûκη֮ͱиϡ
͡
ضأһң漴ĶϣҪʬΡ
ʱڵĵҲڻӻҲάָ߿ҵĽ࣬һѾ¡
ۿҪȺߵİΧΧ֮ڣȫʬ
ڴʱԺУڴѾõľӡٴһֶһµּ
ɱƽмޣһƹһٶʮ㡣
Ŀǰƹһǧٶʮŵ㡣
ﵽٻһ췣֮Ƿٻ
ɫ֮ϣŸԭɫĹţ˲ţţѾﵽٻ
ٻ
ʲôԥ֮ʱԥʶУѡȡ
أ
һ죬ڣ䣬Ⱥһң漴Ŷڳҧ
ڴǧһ֮ߣ·ţһ⣬ͬһʱ䷢γһΣֻһʡ
ۡ
Ѫпıߣ˲ȫ͸ȫʬ
ͬʱԺУҲٴһǿٻ췣֮ʮɱ硯ƹһǧٵ㣬Ŀǰʣƹʮŵ㡣



159 ɶ
ʮŵ㡣
ԿЦ˲䣬һٴ
ɱƽмޣƹٶʮ㡣
ɱƽмޣƹٵ㡣
ɱƽмޣʮƹһǧʮ㡣
ɱ
һڶƬ̷ͣһʶسʾϿȥƬ̼䣬ϵּԾգѾǧʮĵ㡣
۳ԭʣĶʮŵ㣬ǧٶʮ㣬һٶʮһһӻɱʮƽмޱߡ
ǿĹ
Ҳֻо̾һɱʮƽмޣҲǲ൱ʮλԪǿߡ
ݳɼ˵ȥֻ¶ûţͨѨǿߣֻҲ
м췣֮𣿹Ȼ𺶣
ףΪʲôм췣֮вѨ˺ˣǿ˿ɲͨԪͲһ֮С
ֻϧʹôҲԴЩȻֵߣңֻܹоŴλᣬһһΡ
Ҳ˵һΣ´ڽѨǰֻܹ˴µĻˡ
ңȥΰۣʣµģҪǧƹһΡ
ҲֵˣΣ׬ˣȥһǧƹ׬ǧࡣ
Ȼ۳ʧһ췣֮׬ǿǾ˵ˡ
ֵ֮ʣﻹ˵׬ǿҲܲôˡ
ӵܡ
ֻƬ̼䣬Ѿ˱ߵʬ壬ղЩڣıߣʱѾһȫˣмûڵϲϵŤɲ
Щҵģͬһʱ䱻ʮѪģʬǲ档
Ȼмߣֻ΢ƻû˵Ȼмļֵ
ʮɱ磬һֻ൱Ѩǿߵȫһ
һټȺܡ
ϥأӻͳС˼Ƭ֮˪ЩŤıһһһջٶƹ
һЩмֵĲϣ߹ǣƤ߽ѪеŶȫһУתһȥ
˵ع죬ȻЩѾȫɱ׼ʲôΣգǳȥΪϡ
һߣһ̷ڣʱ֮ʵڻָ۷ʱڣȫָӯиһʱ󶨡
緽ֻ⼸УУΣվͳıꡣ
ţ֪һ֮£֮һƬľ֣Уһ
ʲô
죬Ŵʱʵָǧƹ֣ѨҲ£һǴ˸׷ȥ
ףе졣
ǰĶƺˣ·һһգСͬһֻСȫͨѪȻһֻѪɫСʨӡ
ţͷ˵ʨޣ
ֻһۣͽ˳
ⲻڼ̨룬̤һսֱһ˵ֻ̽׳ޣʨ
ԭߺȻûбɱ˰ֻǿӣߺϵƷˡ
Ȼ۾һ
ȵȣ̽ףʨޣˣ
һ˲䣬뵽ԼǸ췣񣬴ʱʱ޽ٲɣ治֪ȥҵڶֻѨޡ
ѨҲûôҵģֻЩΣյĴ֣ؾңǵȵطڵʵȻѣҲʮΣա
һֻˣжΧûޣѱ֪սʽѨޣ͸ѵˡ
һҪǸ񣬰һֱͷǱժ¡
һ˲䣬Ѿ˾ģŲ٣ͷʨ뿪ķ׷ȥ
췣Ȼ˵֣ȴû˵˵ľͲС
Ϊ̤ǵжԹϵӡûǻۣ벢жΥ档
ˣֻҪɱͷѨޣӦþɡο㲻УһͷѨޣǼֵҲԹġ
ڼȱ׵ϵǮв֮
ȫչη·һӥںмӹ·һССĺڵ㣬ٵسǰͷʨܵķ׷ȥ
ˣˡ
ƺӦϢȻͷʨ޲Ӵëֱ˫ۻͷһۣ漴ٶȶȻӿ죬Ϊһź⣬롣
ãˡ
һԴɲԸԼȫʢ״̬Էƣ֮ӵӲӵùԼ
ֻҪһʱ䣬һܽ׷ϡ
죬ֻҪӰУʹԷ
սҲף˵Ҫʹ췣֮
һߣңʡһ췣֮ǧƹһٶõ£ֶΪ
Ȼ׷׷ţȻ֮䣬ǰһͷСһʨޣȻ뵽һƬʯ֣գʧټ
ţ
ɫһ䣬׷룬ȻȴƺѾʧͷʨ޵ټĴĹʯɭȻɣȥѰ

ףԼСͷʨ޵ǻˣڴ˵˲֪꣬ѶԴ˵صʶ֮Լܣ˵ʯֶѡ
һûջŭһƣԵľʯ֮ϣĵþʯ졣
Ȼһɫƣʯߣһȥ
һŵĿЦû뵽̤ЬٴȫѹԭΪڤԨ֮Уֻܶŵʱˣû뵽ȻҼһֻ˵ʨޣϵڱȥҪĽʺˡ
һԸղűԼĳһ󶴵ʯ׷϶Уһһ漴һ⡣
һ꣬Լ׷ѵֻʨ޶棬ЦݣȴؾУԼѵ浤ӣɶ˭



160 ˫ɱϣ
ȻҲˣ
һ㶣漴˹
˱ضǺͬ뷨̤ԨڴȺҲ֮ԨУ뾹Ȼڴ˲ڶ
ңǡöҪ׷ͷ˵̽׳ޡʨޡ
ţʲôˣ
ǿʯʵ̫󣬲෽ɶУȻعͷе
ҡ
Ŀ˸£ûܣ󷽷˳Ц
ͬʱһɶʨޣʦ֣ȷ֣׷лʦסڣʦɱٷһ㶫ʦ֣Σ
ǺǣǺǺǡ
ʱɶ۾ɫһȻû뵽ȻܴԪ۷СŮѡ
漴ֱЦ
ܣΣ϶ʲô֪رϾֻһԪڣڣʦֽ񡭡˴ˣҲŵ·á
뵽ˣ۾֮ɫһ漴ֱЦݣããȻʦȷ֣ȻӦýʦܣ룬롭
һ֣õһߣȻƺĻĸԸĽͷʨó
ˣƺûв˷ܵسͷʨȥЦˣǾͶлʦֳˡ
߹ɶߣͷʨޣɶ̧һֻƣƺҪƣͷʨޡ
ڴʱɶֻ߾֮ʱȻعһһؽһ
飡
һɴɳʨһЩɫЦЦʵʦҪʲô
棬ɶɫ䣬һ죬ͷ΢жȥɾ漴һ죺֪Ҫ֣
Ǻǡ
ʨɶİΧ֮Уȴ˿η֮ɫԭϵĵЦҲʧһһٵؿ˵
ƣȻҲҪΪ˰£ڽڤԨһ̣Ҿ֪ˣƱػֻǲ룬֮ѡɶǺôҲͬʦֵܣҪһУڴ˶ҳ𣿡
ôᣬֻǱͷʨɱǰңɱͷʨ޻ȥΪ㱨ųϵѡôܶԸ㣬ʦܲҪϹ˵
ɶЦмؿڵ
Ŷãܺá
۾΢漴ͻָԭ״̧֣Ǿʦִаɣ
ߣ˶ӥɣ
ɫඦ𣬶Ȼ򿪣ɳһӥһ㡣
ӥɺչᣬ๣ͨȫңչӸ߿ѹ¡
µľӿնѹõϵԷ衣
۾΢У鲻ΪȻ̧֣У
µĽӥڰкȻײ顱ըһ޿ӣɶͬʱƺһȥ
ʨܾءһܹ֮һʯ֮
ӣ
״ɶԹ˲϶ԷһۣԿ˶Է룬һ㳯ͷʨ׷ȥ
Ԫǿߣȫ״̬£Ըһֻ˵ʨޣܿռѹԵƣֻ˵ʨɱֻͷҴܣûл֮
Ͼһֻ̽ޣҲǸǵģƵǰһƬʯɽܿӣعͷ˫УǷŭ֮⡣
𣡡
һſڣ³һϺĻ
ҲоȵĸоǣܵգȴȻģͬһѡ
ã
֪䴹һ̶ǿ£ɶԲҵ͵һһС
漴ɶһ࣬ȻػڶͷʨϣҲٷһѨֽնʨ޵Ĳ
ڣʨ۾¶Ĺâ໡һľѪظ벱֧ء
״ɶͣĿ˸ϵͷʨʬ壬漴Ŀֿ档
ʨѾǾһսˣ
˶ԷѾɱģһսƲ⡣
ɣ
ſ˫ֳֽۣ֮ϣһĹâһš
ȷˣԲԷڣֱӾóĿǰԼʹǿͼžڶʽձ
޵ĺ⣬·һǺۣȻƮɶǰٶȾȻǿĿѼûܶܡ
Ȼȴ˶ԷеЦ
ҲòϣеС㣬һУͨԪڵӣҲʹ
ҲͨԪڡΪֻ浤˶һŹô浤ڹǰƷι
һУûǰʹùգ֮ǰʶһ£ľ
ιһʽᱬ
һȣۡȫͬһʱȫѣ֮ϣɢɫĹâ͹ԶȻϣʾһĺۼ
ĺۼӣͷֻ֡ƣҲýƣһɿµƣʼӡ

һƺȣɶֲУһƺеһڷС
ι𣿡
ɫ䣬ԭأ֪ܡ
һֹ֣֮⣬˵õöιƬϲ
๱׵ۣǰ֮һġ񾩡
һʽιҪʮʮöƬ浤ĲǺӦѩġ̫ݽһƷס
ڷ͹ϣй֮
ɶΪӦǾѶʱڴһеģһڣʥˡ
ѹأΪڣʥ
֪ԼС˶֣˿̣ԷƣѾڰ벽Ѩ


161 ˫ɱ£
벽Ѩ
Ѿǰ壬Ӳеˣ΢΢ɬ
ɶ¶ЦݣһпʼһֱǿѹԼĶĵףΪԼɱﵡ
ʹ֮ǰڼ̨ؾ֮УأҲãֱʱܿһˣҲع⣬ȻȻĽʹ˳
ɣ
·Ѿ³裬ȫ¡
棬ǸСʦܣȫǴ͵ı飬֪һ¡
ֻǣô
ڰкȻײĴϣһɢֱ
Ľ⣬˷ӶƺֻҪһ˲䣬ܽǰλֺɱڵء
ᱬᣬԭϹɽ¶࣬ɫ𣬵ж൤ʯΪͭͭɫȪɫ࣬ɽľԾն
һ½Ծ
һе͵һɽըж¡
ԣͼžιʵΪϣȷڶԷһ
һ죬һء
һǻԪڣһǻԪ۷壬ʹԪͨԪڣϣȴҲڶԷࡣ
ԣһУܵú
ȻɶΪѾ޷Ҫ־͸һ˲䣬ϣȴȻ˿µĹâ
䡭
һ죬ѪϢɢһ˲䣬ʵȫܣߵ޿ĵز·һʵķԾ
ؼԪѪ
Ϣ˲䣬ɫһ˫֮ϣâ֮ȴͬһʱ䣬أ˫֡
ͼžʽ˲Ϣ
վĹУɭʯڣɫǰδеأϡžžȻðˮһϢ
ӿ˭ǹͣ
һƽ죬ΨҶ
˪֮һ̣ǰδеĹ⻪Ѫʵǰ£ڵʩչⱥشƵһ
һʿӣͬзָ˵ǧѩ
ʯ֣ήأԲɣ촷ۡ
棬ɶһУನɢ⾡
ƺһ˼֮ɫɶһѪȻ
ôܣ㡭
̧ͷһ˼ؿȫǰʵȻˣȻܰܣ
ڷԼǿһУʹ˰Ʒ֮Ȼˣ
ʲôʲô
ѵǵƷУĵƷ
ɶԼ۾漴۾ֱ̰
Լʽ
ԼܵõһУǣ

̫Ȼڴʱһֻţȴ̤ϣһʹ˹
ȣȡ
ͷǸɫ԰쳣׵ý͸ƺ͸֧֮
ǣԼؿڵĽţȴʵƺֻҪһԼعǾҪ顣
ɶŷӦԼʱѾƿڶԷĻ
жʱһ֮ɫصʦܣʦܣҪɱңĳģǸڣʥµұԩ޳ôŶʦ֣ʦܲһȥҴȥڣʦ顣ҸӦڣʦֵһһȫ㣬ԡԣԣҪʲôҾʲôԺһҾҾߡ
ɶһ˵ţһ͵͵ɫƺɫбãһϲһڵ
οڤԨΣأʦܷ·֣Ūĵرȫ㡣ңڴǸ̤ѨţʦܵȻ壬ҵǰ棬ҪٷѵǣʦܣôңԺΨʦհʦҪʲôҾȥΪʦʲô
ð
׵İ꣬ƺĶȿȡ³ѪһЦݵµɶ
ֻǣͷѱôأҿû취Լ㣬㷢ģ˵һΥԷ٣Σ
ãã
ԭɶԷ˵޷ԼԼʱͷһ䣬ΪԷҪԼѪ䣬»һġ
û뵽ֻǷһԡ
ͷЦһΣһǧһҲͺβҡӳڣʦֻ֣ҪӵеƷУĵƷ˵ȥڣʦ־ԲŹ㡣ʱץ󣬿ô㣬һҪܾԱմ˳˺ޡ
ϣȴһ˿¶ʶؾ𣬲׵꣬һꡱʱعǾ
һ£ŵҲҶЦЦݣ֪ʱŲԼ
жݺݵصСӣƭڣҵȲڣʦˣԼҪ㡣
һ̣еĺ⣬ȫδеǿңϣȴֻþƽڵ棬ǿһֻ֣ĵ
ϣ£ңɶڴģպʦ֮ϣΥģأ֮ȫʬ
ʦܣôɹ𣿡
˵꣬һڴؿ׵۾Уһ˿ɫȴһš
˹ˡ
׵꣬ƺûз΢΢һЦ㣬Ա˿
ڴʱ׵ɶȴȻ¶ıóѵЦݡ
Ȼһļ䣬öϸСɫ̡
̣
УϹһּķСָһֵԨУĶ֮ƳɣһУʤ
գ֮䣬ȫŧѪ״ޱȡ
ɶҲżȻõöһֱڻУã±֪
ʱҲǷŭĲʬβݣԲ˳
Ȼڴʱȴ˶Է꣬΢΢Цݡ
ô
Լеļ̣ô̵ľڣҲ޷رܡ
ΪʲôԷƺȫһЦݵؿԼ
ɻ˲䣬һɲõԤУȻ䣬ֻоһȡ
漴һ棬ȼ˲䣬С

ֻͷһۣ漴˾ͬһ㣬ȻʯײȥһײһߴУʦܣңң
Ȼ棬ǰֻǾţϵЦݣƽѣִһ˿˵ıˡ
αأ
һ̾ϢҲ֪ɶûУתͷʨޡʬڵȥ
ɶ˵ȴѾˡ
ⳡ棬ϣ·ڶգۼ䣬ͽɶյøɸɾԭֻʣһѵƣһ߹Ǻ
ɶϵѪ⣬䣬ȫڴУյøɸɾһβʣ
֮ǰһסͬھ
ǽŲȴֻ߳Ѿ
漴ȻһԷ飬Ȼͬԣȫʬǡ
м췣֮ɷڶһƹǧ
ϲ㣬췣񣬽ƹٵ㡣
ɱѨޣʨһͷƹһǧ㡣
ɱͽˣɶ췣񣬽ƹİٵ㣡
ƹ˴һƹƹǧ㣬ɣԿٻһΣ


162 Σ
ԭˡ
˵ͷ׹
ղŻɱɶʵٻ췣Ϊʵ㹻
֮Ϊһ£췣֧һջ񣬾ӡǲҲԭհ죿
Ȼ˳һִ췣ջС֧췣Ҳû壬Աضв
ȻҲк󻼣ǲ֪ˣӡ᲻ʲôͷ
Ͼɱţһ࣬ǿˢƹġ
룬ǾʹһΣضԭⳡòô
һԷһ
ûгͷȻǺãһУǺǲ롣
ɶѾȫʬҲ֪ʹ˷ʬǣҲԲϳɶʬǡ
ڴˣҲûʲôġ
˽Ϊһڣʥĺö񣬾ͶԼɱģͲʲôˡ
ټʵһλᡣ
ϧ·ȴǷҪ·ϴŹͬʱڷ
ԣҲֲˡ
κ֮ġ

ߵʨ޵ǰһ
û뵽һֱԼ񣬾Ȼַʽɡ
Ȼ̳ϣȴԤڡ
Ҳû뵽ɶ£ԼȻһɱɹɱĽ
лɱһͷѨӴƹ췣ƹ
֮ϲ
Լͷһ£ڲɵһ
ãã֮ڣɣΣȻû췣ֱ֮ӾƾԼʵ
ȻͷԼֻ˵ʨޣʱҲʵһ֡
ڤԨ֮Уһ֮ϲڿԼһ
Ҳоգ黹ûȥǾǣɶȻˣֻһӣڣʥֻ»ʱҪԼء
ǣ֪ɶǰ£һأù
УڤԨ֮Уܾ鲻ĳıĿˡ
ʯţ̨ѨޣĪϹ⣬̤ŮһУʾŴ˵صĲ
⣬Ѫ´ĹڤԨϿյΪʲôԭ򣬻ǣʲôɸ˵ܣ
ˣһжֵܲ飬ʲô飬϶ҲŸ߲Ӧÿյ顣
һǵʮСӣӱԪףԼ֮⣬ˣȥֻ²ý
ڣʥԹ۵£
ţҪȥ֮˵ˡ
Ƭ̺һʱûͷˣˮͣʲôÿ£
Ȱͷʨ޵ʬʰһһʲСĹ׵㡣ֳٰһ£Ǳݣȴʱعš
ô飬ֻ²ֹһŴСӣ䷢ɡ
Ų֪ܲ飬ڣֻ³ǾҪˡ
²⣬ҲٿգǰͷʨһЩһһ£漴봢֮С
ٰԭ΢һ£ɶʬǶصףһΣźȥ

²һ˿ڤԨеʮ֧СӣĿɲΣգͼµʡ
һСӡ
ڣʥҶ磬ɽΣκ
ڣʥһƬ룬Щʯɣۼͬɼҹڡ
ȻģȴһɲĿӶצӿ
ڱڣʥ׽֮󣬸ȴӿңĸǿˡ
һ·֮ϣڣʥǿʵ֮£һɫߣһֻɫţһͷѪЫһֻΪֲĺɫϬ
Ȼʹӵڵһ˴죬УɽΣκˣǶЩˡ
ֱգ붴ġ
һɫĶкӣˮ룬ڷһ޴Į̇
̨룬Ƕһöˮһƿӣ˲ãҫ۶Ŀȴһħͷ
ҪʱˣһѪɫĳȻǰ赲סǵĿ
˵ʵȻԲڣʥ֮£ÿ˽Ըߴ벽Ѩ
˷ֳһˣסڣʥһ֣һˣȴ߸Ծ̨ȡǷˮƿ
һ̣ѨͬĩգȻ̳
գڣʥȫ汬ɽȥһۣκ£˲Żͷӳ¶ߡ
ڣʥһԲɫˣûȥֱԱͣȴųϵĽӦ

һߣ裬һ飬ҲΣ˱һȺˮΧͬʧء
գˣһò״ǣΧ
һϸɽȡһöˮƿ

飬Ʒɣ飬񾩣飬Ѫ̣Ӧѩȣͬû⣬ȫա
Ȼûһ飬ȵСΣӿɲ
СĳԱֱǡ񡱸һ𣬡ȸᵶԪ˼Ӻγ浤ӽȡ
˽ģȴһ޴ζߡ



163 ħڻ
ɭ֪ǳ䣬
ԥ˰Σ˲Ž룬ڡȸᵶԪ˼Ĵ£ĳȥ
һ·֮ϣĹ𲻶Ʈ·ڻӭԶ·Ŀˣڻþ֮С
֮УʵԵͣҲΨһһŮӵĽ棬ηηʵǿĸһʮֺ¡
Ϊ飬Ҳû
Ҫ߶ã
ѨԽԽţʵˣֻ¸ı״
ڣУʵǿĶ֮һγҲɵÿʵ
ʦ֣һʱҡ
ʻȺǰԪ˼عͷػشײӰ֮У˿塣
ãҾһΣһʱ
γ˵ͷû˵
м䣬һһֱĬܡ
УʵߣǶӳȨҲα˵İȫ
ԣһֱУ٣۲һһ˿ġ
ţ߰ɣ
˳ĬţǰȻ³ĶѨʼȻǳ
һ·ϣۿţпֱӴӴںɽ֮϶ȥ
ף쿴
ڴʱȻ֮䣬֮УһӣԪ˷ڵЩʯڣ
š
ȥͼʯ֮ϣǳһЩϹŵͼڣзˣᣬЗ軣棬ѡ
ȵȣȵȡ
ţһԾΪйţݻΪš
϶Ļ棬Щͼͷ·һ½ݻʷ
Ȼ֮ϣʼѪɫ
ʱ㣬Ӧǧ֮ǰһֻԶħͷۣ½
˭Ҳ֪˭Ҳ֪ƣ˾ɱͨѪǧׯΪƽأвС͹ң
գ𹫷ߣڻϿʼ࣬һȺǿߣΧÿУԳһö˸Źâ
Щ٣ӣднһ˼ɢ貵Ĺâ
âһգڰУѪ˵£ڣħСձӡһѹڵصס
ȻħȻ޷գЩ࣬һͷǹڣࡣ
гһɫħȣħȶˣǶһȭͷɫʯ顣
ǹ̳һ㣬չһڵ
ڵ£һΪţɰ˼һ۵ˣԴߡ
˴δһһЩǹڵĵߣȴеһݣٴиʮöССƿС
ЩǹڵĵˣЩСƿֱһޱȵĴԨֱãӡ
ǴطڵģпܣڵڤԨ
ħݷٲ̫ƽ
浽ˣȻֹ
ȻЩ棬ȴԲפ㣬𺶡
ƺǧǰħ洫˵
ǰҲһ㣬˵ǧǰһλħͷ̫նѹһ˿ɵС
ǵʱ˴ŵ쵼ˣԴڵľӢڸشۺ󣬲Žѹӡ
ħ꣬ɰڣϵʱʳһݣԼŻʳ֮ӡǾǰִǿ
ڱۣΪӡ롣
ħͷʳӡ˻ʹصףɵۻԼΪѹʹԶݳһֱ񡣡
Ѳɣڣģӡħ֮ڣ⡭
һ˲侪ˣħʲôڣǳԽ˷׾ӽâĿħͷ
ʱ˴ŵ쵼ˣȫǷǿߣǿߣ治ڣ۷塣
һǰ벽ס
Ȼİˣϵʱ֣ټϰڵɱڸѪˣеͲǰ£ڽѹ
ͷħĿ¡
ڼʳħһΪţɰڸԷӡ
Ǻгһգħؾۣ
Ϊһ֮
ȻôҲû뵽ǲһЩԪСֱȻͲϽ˵ħ֮¡
ǡʹֻ伸ٷ֮һһħ꣬ҲӦԵ˵İ
ҲǷӡãֻ¾ãɶй¶һ˿ħɣ
γ
ţҲֻ˽ˡ
һԪ˷ͷֻн滹һµı顣
˵˵Ԫ˼һֱͷ˭Ҳϵı飬Ҳ֪ͬǻ˼
߰ɣȻ֪ԵɣǾͺðˣԶһͷˮ˫һĨڣ˵ġ
Ԫ˷
ţ
γҲͷ¹شֻΪǣһųϱֻҪССô飬Ųܷβܡ
һΣ棬ϵıҲɶЩôˡ
ߣ
һûж໰ֱӶԪ˼˵ͷڵ
ǡ
Ԫ˼ǵͷܿϵı顣
˭Ҳûע⵽ڰ֮Уһ˫۾⣬ССȦڲת



164 ʦٻ
ؿͫ׵Ļͻ֣ᷢͫʱͫЩơ
ͬɭͬˣһ˿˵⡣
˼ȥʯԽԽխԽԽխֻһ˿
ֻвǰУȫǿʱֵܳΣա
Ȼ˭Ҳûע⵽ڸղţԪ˼ͷһ˲䣬˫ɫͫȴû֮߸һʵǿߺγϣ޵Ƴһ۽档
ͺܿͷ˭Ҳûз֡
ˣӦעӵĸһͺγ棬һĻޱȣϧû˷֡
˼ǰУȻǰһʯס˵ĵ·
Ԫ˼ȥƣһüͷ΢壬ЩҲǰæ
ʱ˭Ҳûע⵽Ǹһֱηη̿뵣ǵĻŮ棬Ȼ̧ͷ
˫֮У̹һš
ּ䣬Ϣһöˮɫļ̣͡һֱشǰһֱƺпĸһĿڡ
㡭
ĸһ𲻸ŵػͷĽ棺㣬㡭
ֲΡΡоɣв죬вţģ벻͸²
ȻȴѾʧȥУһľżȻٴ̧֣Ṇ̀һΡ͡һִӱһ˴˸һһ߼Ρ
ѪʱӿȪԭеǵ˿ӿ

һҽУһսȴһĳļ䣬Ʈɣ֮ʱһƬɫ档
Ʒ׹һ𽣣
ȻȴƲ֪ܣ¶Ƴ޵ЦݣһγǸˮɫļ̣һδӸһĿڡ
һһĳ۾еѸ
㣬
ڣԪ˷ͺγعԪ˷һģȣҪ񿪽̵ִ֣ȳһ
γƴǳڻƣ󱳣Χκԡ
Ҫƽطһȫ
Ԫ˷Ƶˣ飡һ죬ֱĿһԣǸ̶ʱ
Ԫ˷һѾ˸һǰֽסһ֮ɫæӻͳһСƿοһƷ
ڴʱ˭Ҳûע⵽Ǹ֮ǰһֱ֮ǰİٻͼԪ˼ȴȻعͷվ
һ˫۾Ȧת¶аЦݣγǱȸһ浶նԪ˷ĺ󱳡
Ԫ˷δд䣬޷

һ档
γĳƣΪǳơͬһƷ׹岻֮ء
Ȼһڽ汳˿ֱ֪һǰˡ
ۡһһѪϵɫ˲԰ףеа֮ɫٵȥָ֮ɫ
ֻǣȴƺһƬãôˣΪʲôһ˵أôˣ㡭
ղһ˲֮飬ƺѾȫǣúγоȻоͷƤ飬š
ɲҷɽ䱸̧֣ƣһγ¡
磬ô
¶֮ɫϣһƬ԰׶ˣγһƾȻЩĲȥ
Ȼ뵽֮ǰаɫͲ̵ľٶһһ̣ôЦأǵһֱֱء
еԥѸٵȥ
һģγһƣŽ浱ͷ¡

ԨϿա
һҰɫۣãã֮УվɫϢӴǿߡ
Уһ£ﲿλһŻƹ罣תһִĿĸо
˿̣ڤԨȴüͷ΢壺λǿиоʲôԣ
һ£ʵ¯ӣҲͬʱһüܸоεЩͬѰƺ˲ˡ
ֹˣֻ£ڹ
ţ
һ֮ǰ˵ˣȴûٿڣһ˿Цݡ
ڴʱǰһ򣬺Ȼۡۡۡյ
ɫһ䣬һۣۣۣۡյͬʱϨ
ãڵգ
ľɣɶ߿κӿ骣һ𣬺γԪ˷桭
ˣֻµ»и࣡ٶȼټֹҴӷء̵ǲСӡڤԨѼȺӣҳ֮ˣ
ǣǣ
һӦһȺ£̵ӣͬʱ֡
ʮ˹һʩ漴ͬʱһ㳯·ããԾȥգʧ
վԭأĿ˸һۣ˶Էеء



165 սᣬڣϣ
ɭڤԨ֮Уʮ£̵ӣͬһС
ĺ赲֣߰ÿˣжһ澧Өơ
Ʊ棬޹⣬ȴĳһʱ̣Ĺ⻪
ҵˡ
һȺˣʱǸȥ
һݸˣһۣԷɢ·Ͷ֣Ÿ

һ档
ڤԨ
Ҳ֪ˣֻ֪ĺͬˮͷϿյһȫǡ
С洩Уɽ϶Ȼ֮䣬һ壬ƺһ˿ȶȡ
ŵ˿֪ǵѣ
ʱʹ֪еˣǲҴ⣬ֵľ衣
Ϊǻģģ˻ɱеĸ֣ǵƣӶԴѰԼټҲǲܡ
ԣΪһ
һȻ˾һ󣬱ѽеöɷ飬ʱʧ
أźⱼȥ׷ѰŸղƸӦķ


ڣʥһˣɫֶ棬һɫ
˶֮ӣû뵽һ񣬾ȻǱʧһˡ
ϣͬһǶ⡣
ڣʥϻűڵһ˵ͷĴ£Ȼᷢ飬ǲԭ¡
Ȼʱ
ڣʥУһöε壬Ȼžǡһ
ǣ
ڣʥȻɫһ䣬ԻУͳһɫķ壬ĽѾѡ
ڣʦ֣ôˣ
ˣڣʥɫԣСʵ
ȻڣʥȴûǣĿ⿴ڤԨķɫ֮
ɶ
ֻ૵صͬ³˾ǲһ㶡
ǵȻ֪ɶ˭ֻڣʦͻȻ֣Ϊιʣ
˶һۣҴš
Ȼϣͬʱһ
С֮УڶҶԥһ£ûдڣʥǷԸ֮Уһ֮ǰȥ̽һ¡
˲һλתϲɫڣʦ֣Ҷʦ֣ʦ֣Сӵˣоˡ
š
Ҷ磬ɽɫһϲվڣʥҲعͷ
һһɫ£ŵһǶ棬ˣֻһۣ֪Ĳҡ
Ϊ׵ӿһڣʥԻͳһöɢϹƣһڵ
ֹǰҴӣȫǷء̵ˣǲǿǰ̽顣
׳ʲô£
ڣʥɫؽҧɫؿڵ鱨ǵ񣬿ɲӦó˴ıʣʧһˡ
һˣ
Ϊ׵ĺҡͷ²ֹһˣмʮˣ¼شʣ˲֣ʵ಻֪ȥʳϰɡڣ뿪
Ҳá
ڣʥĿ˸һ£֪ЩҲʲʲôһˣڵߣ

ߣ
ͬʱֹڣʥɽһ飬飬Ҳ׷׵õӦϲɫأЩСӵĵӣٷء
գһһﴬϣһɫأһ
Ŀǰ֪֧Сӣ֧СӣѹʧʮһˣҲ˵֮һ
֣
˶Щš
ԭΪֻԼһΣգһԣŷּÿһ֧Сӣû⡣
֧Сӣڻûҵ𣿡
ˣǶǰǰصǰѰԽѰҵСӣԽࡣȫûĿԣҲûС
ţ
ԣҴڵӾǲɵɫһ䡣
Ȼ
ˢˢˢ
СӵĵӷأЩӣһɫأĬһˣбһȥһ£Ѫ
ˣԻУһ˱ȥʬ塣
⣿
ڵɫһ䣬ȥ漴һȵòԼ۾ǵСӵˡ
ǡ񡯸һǰȻҲУ
ôܣ
⣬кγԪ˷棬ôˣ⼸ˣʹǰʮУҲǲĴڡ
ˣҴ˭ѯʵ׷ʲô£
һСԪ˼½ڵӣǷʱѾ˴赹ڵء֮Улһֱ߶šܣסǡĻֻǺڳȥԹְܶ취ûа취ѣֻŬסԪص˵
ţ
ԣڵӾɫһ䣺Ǿ˵ʱ֪Сӷʲôˡ
ֻˡ
Сӵĵӳʹص

ţԪ˼֣
м¶ɻ󣺡ûΪʲôСӵӶˣȴҴ棿
ǣʱ󣬶һɾ޴ıʹ֮飬òһҴ֮ˣСӵʱҪְѵڵĻȥ
ৣৣৡ
𣬡ˡ
ǵڰСӣӦѩ顣
ţһӾȻȫҴ棬ֻˡѵûΣգǣΣգȴǸˣ
һ֧лСӣ϶¶ϲɫ
ʱǼʣ˶еһɼ籩꣬Ѿ
ʱƵѾһ¶⡣
˶оˣһıڿʼЩγɵڵӡ
иڰСģӭȥء
һʲ֪ǲûΣա
ֻǣΣյĹͷӦѩ콣Ĳ֮أ̫ݽ֣ܶɹȻˡ
ȫˣӦѩ鵱׹
ǵĹ£˲ɾ̾һˣȻڵӶû顣
ʵֵ˳ޡ
ֻмˣ¶ΣǾ⼸֧Сӵĸˡ
ԭǲ֮ӣһֱǰʮ
ʧ󣬼ÿСж˻ûһ֧СܱԱ˵Ӧѩ
ֻڣʥվͷһǣɫ信ʼûлعͷһֱ·ãã
ƺڵȴȴŵʮ֧СӵϢ
ϣڸ̫ʱû˸



166 սᣬڣ£
ããУɫľڻС
ʮ֧СӣѾ֧Σ֪˽
֧СӣһֱѸһǵھСӣɡ֡ǧһ֧
һڵʮӰǧľɴһ֧
ʵѾµ˴𰸣
ʱûлģŵĿԣѾʮ֮СȫĿԣʮ֮
ʱ֡
ڣھŶСӵˣһѲµȴԸŵʵ
ھСӣȫûһҴ档
ǰʮ֮һġ֡ǧ棬ҲһУСӵˣ߲ȱȫʬ壬ͬǱҰ޿ɹһ㡣
ĿǰΪֹң³һ֧Сӡ
ڹӿһĻð⣬޲Ⱥ֣ʬΡ
˶ͬܣΪ̶̼ͬڵľĶǣοͬһŵˡ
Ҫ˵ˣ롰֡ǧʮ졣񿴵ѱк˹ʬ壬˭˻ܾģ
ɫ֮ϵգԽԽѹ֡
˶ڵȣȴŵʮ֧Сӵ
ǰʮѾˣѵֵ
ڵӣѲµȴԸܣԸȥ롣
ֻеȡ
ڡ
ҹʱ֣һСӵĵӣһεӣϸߴ
ֻʣһţǵʮСӵԪס
ӭȥʦܣǶӣ
Ȼ˴̽Ԫ׵ϣȴֳһ˿֮ɫ
ǸǷֿˡ
ţ
ɫһ䣬ϸϸ̽ʣףԭûһ𣬽뵽ڤԨǵص㣬Ѫ´塣
ʱ˶һġ
ų򣡡
С
ԭˣҲԱԶһЩӵӣҲһߵһԡ
ȻЩһڤԨδȴѪ´帽Ӧ⻪ʱеľȣֱ
ڵ֪龭еıľ͸
Ҳ˰̾ϢǴ֮١
˭ҲûԤϵڤԨ֮УжôΣգû뵽Ȼǰܡ
£СȥôãûҵʮСӵҴߣֻ¶ˡ
ĻԭһѣڣȻܱһų֮٣
ţ
Щ룬ȴһ֮е˵ǺҸ
ڵӣ״̾˿
ҲͬʱˣΪʲôֻСӵһˣͬˡ
ԭˣѾֿʮСĿĵأǴʯŷѲʧٵӵ䡣
ҪٵȥҾǶǲٻˡ
ڲգִ³ϣǰһϨɫ֣أࡣ
һ֧δ𣬻һ˴ǰɣһҵǸҴߣصġ
š
ͬʱ棬ϣʹִ³һҲͬΪʮСӣųѪ´һ˵Ԫ֮⣬ˣֻ׶༪ˡ
ֻȺУˣصģСԾڵȴ
Ͼ飺һģһţԲᣡ
СȭƵµķǵģУһ
꣬Ѿ𣿡
漴뵽̨֮ϣ䵭ȴЦݣҡҡͷģûôһ
ͷһǣǰʮĲͬڣʥ·ãã
ɶˣǣ꣬ȴûôġľҲˣҲһһ
Ŀͬڴһʱ̣һŻģϾˣȻĳˡ
Ϊû˱ܴӼž棬ͻɽؾԼصˣ˵
˭˵ûʵڣ

Уչӥȸ裬ߣƷӵٶȱ
Ϊ˱ݾߣֹϢͣԪϢȫ淢ڸס
ʹܺɽвʯľɽͬһ壬޷ֿ
һֻҪԷûпԼƾϢѾͲԼĴڡ
Ļᡣ

ʯ֮⣬£һӣǰʯţȫյؾؾ֮ǰ֮ϰ߲߰Ѫۣʱɫһ
ãˡ
УҪˣҪʬʬҲȥôϽ
ؾ룡
á
˶һۣͬʱ̧֣˫Ȼһ𣬡ž
һ죬ɢ˳ƿĶڳ룬Ƭ̺󣬱Ǵ̨֮¡
Ȼ漴ɫһ䣺ʬ壬ʬ壬ʬ塭
ǣ߿ƣУľɵҲֻʣơ
ѵزѪ飬𣬿Ƕ׶༪ˡ
Ҫתȥ泤ϣȻɫһףԣʮСӲǻ𣿾ǸųԪףӦҲˣ浤ɶһ
˵ز޼֮ƣһţ׷
һӣ֮ϵȫһȻһƣһ󶴣ᡣ
˻֮ϵƣһ׷ȥ
֮ٴһʯУʯУڵһյĿȫǵʬ壬һ鼣ơ
Ļƣɫһ䣺ɶ˭˺ݶ֪زݣ
׷нһϣϣû붾֣һҪȻʮСӵֻˡ
һ·׷£ڣһ̣ƣ⣬ͬʱ
ɫһϲҪ쿴ȴȻ֣һ֮漴ʧ
ͬʱһ㵣ǣ
ڴʱǰһӰͬʱһȻִ𣬵λִ
Żһƣһ糾İɫӰǰ
˭



ڰ˼ 


167 ǧ
ţ
ӣ
ִʿûţһüʵкƾݣΪǸӦϵĻϢ
һ֣㽫Լȡ˳ִΪеαװеִӣҿƣǵӵƣλĿ
ӹ
һСӵִԱڵ
ҲΪ⣬һ֣˹ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬶Էϣȷݣ΢΢һЦڵ̫ˣȻ㣬ǶѾҪˣߣǻۡ
á
ûпܣһݣѾֱͷ֮ϵİɫȥ

һʱ֮
˻صۡ
Ļع飬һͬʱֲһɡ
ʮСӣֻˡ
ǰʮ֮һľҲˡ
һ̣жζٳ¡
һͨǰʮˣͨӣ䲻
죬ʷϣûйġ
Ȼʵȴֲ֪Ǻá

̤Ϸƾ۵һ̣Ŀ⣬
УϾ飬Ӧѩ飬ԴģڣʥȴĪһЦƺӡ֤Լ룬Ȼֱתص֮ȥˡ
ˣĿ΢֪ڣʥضǽɶǿԼˡ
Ȼȷˣǣ˿֪鱨£ȴƶֻ˵ԷжԼĳޣѾ˲ݵĵزˡ
ĿǰųϵĲ£˱ʹĻ޷ԼΡ
һڵȴĻᡣ
֮Լֻ¾õĻᡭ

ܿ죬ΨһҴ棬п֪ʮСһִӳԱߣ˵ǳϴ
һʱŷء
û֪˵ЩʲôҲû֪Щʲô֮֮ѡ˱չء
ɫۻƿգûԭֱͣӳķٺжȥ
ԭأֻʮСӵĵӣԭؼشȴǲǿǰӦԼļ֮١

ɫ۵ٶȺ֮죬ʱʱ䣬ǻس̣ȴֻ˲졣
ڶ賿Ѿص
ǰͰ֣ϤĳһᣬȻһٸĸо
ɫۻ£˶ͬһϢȴųϵĴ
ʱ֮ŴнӡŴΣд·
вμӹһڵӣȫȥ
һʱ֮ڵϲǣ׷ȥصԼɽ塣

תۣ֮
壬ʯ֮С
һĿ˼
ѾȥʱˣȻȻûдһҽ֮лع
˵ЩǰľӢӣʧء
߲ŭ̵ɳλѨϣʮλԪ۷壬벽ѨִСӣڤԨѰԭĿǰûеõԵϢر
Ǹ߲ˣΪټʹƵڣһεࡣ
Գǲδʧصڵӣǰ
ңȻԲɣһεȴҲȫţ
ڵӲݣɺǰ棬ɲǰʮ
Ϊ˱սᣬһΣ߲һҧԭĽ֮⣬߲㣬һȨ
ԭֻжӲܽصأͬʱǿš
ֻһʱ䡣
һ£ܽ٣ȫԼŬ
ؾƽֻжǲܽĵطÿһתҪĺά֣ƽǲͨӿŵġ
һΣΪ޶ȵڵӵʵڳȡõĳɼ̫ѿڤԨ飬߲ʹһµȨ
ͬʱҲǶڤԨһЩֲ
ᣬʮѵãܶλ˵λǰڣʥ˵һԼĻᡣ
ԣÿ˶ϧ
ͬףʱ䲻ˡ
γ췽ĳɼʧ棬ǲ޹⣬߳ȥ޵УԼ棬Ҳ޹⡣
ԣգȨ˵ǣٹڤԨ飬ҪѾͬӰУȫӦԣ׼ӭӽĳᡣ
㲻õһڶҲҪǰǰĵλá
ܵڵ塣
Ȩ淢˺ݻһ쳱ᣬΪٰ췽ȴǰ嶼ˣһڶвμӳĵӣȫҪؽһꡣ
ͷжһ㡣
ѾԹؽյĿ£ǿɲֻǰ¡
ȨҲ֪һĵ
ԣͬʱ
ֻҪﵽģÿ˾н

ڶ
ҶõһȨŵȫ屶֮⣬һش񣬾Ƕÿһ˱شõĴ
˶ʮֺ棬ϧȨֻһЦû˵
ʵҲףҪõһǲܵ£شʵûУΪ׼
ǣĶõһ˵ȻҲţһ׼һݴ
Ƿݴֻڳ֮֮ǵһʱŻ
Ȼԣʹ֮ǿڣʥˣҲһˣΪԼܶóĵһ
ԣ֣ǶЩ޹ע
ȫ֮ףʮһʥ֮ϡ
ߣȥǧ񣡡
һѾڤ룬վ¶
Ƭ֮һʮأλصأһʮֹϵ¥֮¡
ڶӲܽʥ֮һǧ
һһѾ˽ȥ
һУһߣһ룬ǣʮţһ֡
·ؽӹȻҵһԼкͬƺţƿ˽ȥ
Զʱ֮Żٴδ򿪡
ǰ
ǰһʮصҡ
ʮֿ㣬֮ϣڰ׷ͬΡ
Աߣʯ֮ϣмյεƣ֪кá
ͬʱԱ߻һʯʯ֮ϣʮŤŤ֮£Ӧţʮ壺
һٶȣٶȣٶȡļٶȡ弶ٶȡٶȡ˼ٶȡʮٶȣ
ԱߣһƷ
ǰĿ˸£漴ְǸٶȡ
ͣ
ѡȡͷϿգǼյֵεƣȻһĵƹⲻϴ£ƹһΡ
ŵƹ䣬֮ϣЩڰ׷һĵשȻڰ׹⻪ϱãٶԽԽ죬󼸺Բ׽
һѾһש󲻶ںש֮ԾȴЩשһ¡
ƹٶԽԽ죬ڰ׷ש仯ɫٶҲԽԽ죬̶ֻƬ̼䣬㲻ɶͷð亹졣
ȻɫһƬ侲̤˫㣬ûдҹ벽
ƹ⼴ʹٿ죬ڰ׷שı仯ٶȼʹټҲͬˮϣı仯Ҳһ˿ζ



168 ļٶ
ΣΣΡ
Ȼ䣬һǿʯ֮ϣֲ˸գڡ¡ϡ
£
һѾԺڰ׷֮˿˵һԣ
˿кڰ׷ҲԶָֹԭ״
վԭأϢΣĿһ˸Ȼһߵǿʯ֮ǰ
ԥһ£ָջǵˡٶȣ
ͣ
ѡȡǣǣ
εһ𣬶·ħ貽һʯϿռתµĺڰ׷һθˣͬһ趯
һΣϵİɫ
δ߶죬ӵٶȷӵտʼʱӦ磬Ƭ̣Ȼۡһٶ˰ģһש
ɲʱ
꣡
ǿשͬһͻȻŲʱһңͬʱԱߵǽ֮ϣʼɫڡ
һڣһڷڶĻΣһؼͬһԶ
ͣ
λζòױܹڵשʯ֮ϣһŴĿĻ𻨡
ٲһשڻָȶȻƹĻζʵ̫죬ƷٶȾȻЩ֮ϡ
Ȼ䣬һש֮ϣԱ߸һשŵ˲䣬שɫȻ仯ɫ
ͷ亹ֱ£βѾ¡
ͷһƽƽһƣûвש
ڴʱǰһשȻһɲƶλá
ԭأһשΣյĺɫ
ã
ɫȻһ䣬ͬʲôˮһһһ̤Աߵһש֮һ
ƮƶͻȻɫĺɫש֮ƿ
ǣ
һؼɱܹĨһѶͷϵ亹һ
ա
ǧ񣬺νǧ
µǧһǧɫϱ任ٶȵɫ᲻ӡ
ͼһٶȣֻһɫ༴ɫɫ䣬ѭ򽥽ʱͬ·
ǳѧߣϤġ
ԽһǶٶȣҲ֮ǰͨصһ
һأб仯˺ڰ׶ɫ
ٶȿ쵽ѾǻûУ߲ȴͻлؼȻˣȴʮʹ
ٶȣ˼飬Ѿɫ
ĺڰףһɫǾǺɫ
ֺɫΣյ˼кɫֻһؼкɫǾеĻؼͬʱ
ʱ֮Уȫļ꣬ûеطܡ
һ˲ͻᱻɴ⬡
ǧĿ£Ҫǣɫǲʱγɵģ˭Ҳ֪һ鷽֮ϡ
ǰŲȵǰɫһͱɺɫ
Ҳпһ뿴Ǻɫ֮ͱ˺ɫ
֮ʤ
ļٶ֮б仯
ɫһɫ֮⣬ͬʱз񻹻᲻䣬һ˳򣬹
˵Щɫ֮ϲԾܣֶͣ
ܵʯڣֻлؼһֶһΪĶ
һܵͻͬըƶβȣʤ
弶ٶȣٶ֮࡭
ѾͨڵӿˣһĶӣҲѽ弶ٶȡ
ӵаƷ
ٶȣ󣬹Ҳֻмˡ
߼˼ٶ֮ĶѾǴ˵ˡ

ʱ֣һƣص壬һҩʼ
ôһʱټڤԨе鼤Ϊһأﵽ˻ԪںΡ
Ԫ۷岻Զ
֪ʱȣڳᣬҲǵһβμӣԲܲ
ȡһõĳɼЩȻܶΪ޴Ӱ졣
Ҫǣףڣʥһûô׷ŹԼڣ飬ǳҫ飬ɶ顭
ϣһ˳ĻѵԼԲŹ
Էǰ벽Ѩ˵λѾҪͻѨ
ǿѹţͻƣΪ˲μһĳᣬΪȡߵ
һ֣ʱʱڲ࣬ôܲڷܣŬ
ƣȥ֮һͳУժһƬҶ£ΪȲŻԪ۷н
ţȵһ϶ѾﵽԪ۷塣
ܲͻƵԪڣǾֻܿԵˡ

ʱһһȥתۣ֮
֮Уư֣ӽУһΡ
˵Ĵ̼һʱ䣬ưֵΪȻҲѾһͻƣͻƵʮ㣬Ԫ
ӣҲΪﵽŲ㣬ڸУʮ⻯һ֮ң
ţ֮ʱҲѲԶˡ
ԴˣΪǸˣ̸һҲǲꡣ
뿪֮һһ䣬һǧ
֮УڿȶٶʼˣǣһΣĿ꣬ʼŵ˴󲿷ڵӵļޡļٶȡ
Ҳ˳Ƶٶȡ
ͣ
ʯ֮ϵĿأʱǧ֮ڣʯשһ˲仯ɫ죬ڣף̡
ɫΣգɫؼɫȷ·ɫһУʯҵз񣬻ͬʱ任һɫ
ǱȺɫлؼȫиΣգǶʱһ̤߼ֲסôֻбġˡ
Ȼ֡ġˣڵϢ죬ǿԵġ
ң˱
ԣļٶȿ֮󣬼ʹҲɵС۾ضÿһ棬һ˿и


169 Ӱָ
һݣѾ˵שȻڴʱһɴӿα޴ĹԴǰһ壬㵱ˤ
ļٶȺ֮ǰٶȹȻȫͬשɫ任ٶң仯Ҳء
һݣѾԾ𣬽Ų̤ϵһשվΡ
ȻովȣµİשѾѸٱ죬һݣͷ亹ֱðৡһӰһƮеһש֮ϡ
ʱשȻһеĺשͬʱͬΧ
ɫһݣҪȥ
Ȼ֮䣬µİש仯Ϊɫɲ֮䣬еש棬ͬʱ仯ͬɫһߡ
µİשΪ˺ɫ
͡
öɫԲ򣬼룬ͬʱıڵĶ
ȻܣǱʮöζʱһԣ͵ڵء
ǿסΣݣͬһ㳯ϷȻʱ֮ϵЩɫԲͬһʱ䱬ը
䣬䣬䣬䡭
ˣ·һӿҲвȣ·еһСһƵԶ棬ʯ֮¡
ۣһصˤڵ棬Ѿʹͷ
аԭϢ˰ΣһΰļٶȵİŤ
ȻһΣֵʱ仹ûһζ࣬Ϣһαġ˻

Ը֪ƾԼʵսļٶȣôǿ
ǣΪ˳ᣬΪӦڣʥ֪ô
һݣһԾǧ棬ܿ죬һλͷ뿪ܲˣһοһϣܶʼ
գ֮䣬ʱѹȥ졣
һµޣѾֻʣ²ˣ֮УȻǱɣǺô֮ǰǿһЩЩǧļٶУһ㡣
һһεЩש仯ٶ̫ˣӦʹʵѾһĽҲһ
УҲһ
ΪͨʳҶѾҪӽԪ۷壬Ԫڣֻһ֮ң
һȴ·ǵ̷ٶҶƺҲԴƣ֪żֻһһ취
ȵԼͻƵԪڣʵٶȱһأǧļѶȣѲԼˡ
ֻǣôףеӻԪͻƵԪڣҪһ꣬ꡣ
ʲģҪʮ꣬ʮꡣ
Ųһҵʱ䣬ȻҶԭڣҲѾԶһˡ
ԪڵƿûôͻƵġ
ʱٹȥ죬ǧУļѶȵһʱʱֻη
ףԼڶʱڣһͻƣļѶȣʱûа취ɴˡ
ڴ˷ʱ䣬ȥĴصؿ
ңһҪ
뵽ˣӻУͳһССɫᣬۣ漴ջػС
һݣѾ뿪ǧ񣬳һصض

˴ͬһʮֹϵ¥󣬲֮ͬģܶʯ̾ͣܳһֵ
ʯһ̫֮еʯʯԴһִųųһӣγһ
о˳еʱʵߣѹѪĶС
ͬһô
ǾǣһˣӦĻٵʹùǹҲ
ԣ˴ΪԷ
ûѡصأԷĿģΪһؼ
Ӱָ
ӰָһʮָͨΨһͨǣٶһ쵽Ӱεĵزƻʮֵľˡ
һƷϽ׹ָڤԨ
֮⣬һ׵㣬ͬڤԨĽ֮һ
ȥѡһƷϽţƷϽţ֮ѡⱾΪԸйֶ̫ȱ
ĿǰķкȻľӣԪϢͱԪѪ
ΨһѨ֣ͽʹǰҪתԪѪʽʹġͼž
ԣڹߣˣʱص󣬾ֱȥ
˼ΪԼѾѨŽսôȱģԶ̵ͿԾʤһŹ
ˣ֮ѡſԶ̹ӵвӰָ
ƽʱڻҲżϰֻţܾ
ԣ뵽ˡԷ
ȻǧʱûнôȥԷšӰָвЧ
ԷΧԼܸãӰָ
º󣬳ᣬԼҲһƵеֶΡ
ʱ䣬Ȳ



170 ޳
Է֮˴һǧȻͬķ䡣
СǧСҲûǧֳַɫֻһ֣ɫ
˵֮⣬棬Ҳһϱϣ̸һĹʯ
ЩʯֿƺɫȻϸȥᷢһ㵭ǹ˸ǻ
ʯ̫յɣʮ
ԣѹصأֻʵΪҪصأֻʮֲס
ʮˣҪǿпɣҪڣֻ¾󣬼ҴҵҲܲ
ʯԱߣͬһʯ
ʯ֮ϣšһ弶һֱʮ
ǰһİť
漴еУնһˡ
ǣǡ
ĹУ΢ı죬ȻЩֲסбѹļ
£ѪҺؿڱƵУܵ³Ѫ
ƤѪϸ΢ĵɫС顣
ã
ɫһ䣬û뵽ֻһϽת˺Ȼľ鲼ȫŸо΢ָһж
Ҳ֮ࡣ
һڵתٶȣҲѰܱȣУתٶȣѹüٶȣȴΪҪʱʱάֻ֣ü졣
һȻķܲסˣһסˣö֮ҲԶջ
ץʱ䣬Ӱָ
֪ʱ䲻ˣⷿÿһ̣ҪึһŬҵߵʯм䣬ʼӰָĹ·ߣԶһǽڣʼϵش̳һָ
͡
տʼʱʮַÿ̧һֱۣҪķѲС
ʱȥڽӦеٶȣټӰָʱͱࡣ
һ͸Ӱεָʯݺύͬߡ
ٶȵļӿ죬ЩߵĹ켣Īһصζ
죬ҲԽԽС᲻š
ֻżΪָƿһ졣
Է̶ȣ˶
ͬļѣ棬ȴͬףָɫԽԽ󣬳Լһֱ׷ţȥ򣬶Է֡
ӰָҲӰĵزˣٲκ졣
ָֻĳŻᷢءһľ
ţѽšӰָɵĳ̶ˡ


ĳٿѾֻʣʱˡ
һܡ
󣬿ʼڣڵӱټ棬ɨ㳡µĽεضһǧ
ۿΧ޴ĺľդ潨̨ǸǰϣԼһЩҼǵϯ
һЩŵӵľס˳գɨ׼õĵӾס
ģһЩԶţѾʼ֡
ǻΪ·̫Զ·ʲô鵢飬Ըɴ絽󣬶ʱһƬзӯʢ
ʱȴüڻ֮ɫЩԥ
ΪоһԼӰָҲƿˡ
ĿǰѾǣӰָͻƣôҲ첻˰֣˶١
ʱ;ˣʣ죬ʱ䱦󣬲˷ѣѵҪȥҿ
ԼĿǰʵ̫һЩ
֮еֶûȥܣҲûȥ
Ϊһǰʮ֮һԱؽڳ֮ϳ
ˣǳʽнӴ񣬷ƽʱû˻ȥǣȥ˷ǵʱ䡣
Ȩ淢µҪÿһµʱ䣬ƴۣϧһȥÿһʱѹեĳϣһˣٲ̫͡
о㯣оʱһ죬ư֣ӣȴͻȻ
˴һԸϢ
˵󣬾ǧ֮һ޳ǡһʢἴʼ
š
ᣬΪʲôͬȥҪ֪ҵÿһʱ䣬ʵڲΪǰ֮˷졣

ưֿһۣЦ֪ǣҲţʱ䣬ôҲ߲˶սôη󣿹ΨһЩǳϦܴ֮ɵġôҲһЩջ񣬷ⳡϣʣ
˵ţ
۾һӦ˹

ư΢΢һЦһᣬӿֳ౦УͻƵĵҩ˷ţҲⳡϢǰԭ򡣲Ȼ᲻֪ʱʱıǰ㡣
ǣʣصأʵ˷ѣ̫ϧˡ
ưֵǱΪӣҲʱ⣬ԺеǻᡣһĳᣬüޣֻһΣȷҪΪʱ䣬һμԼʵĻ𣿡
ţ
΢ԥһ£գưһۣһȥ



171 
Ŷ
ưֺͳһͬЦ
һۣȥʰһ£һʱ֮ǳ
ã㡣
ưֺͳӶһۣ뿪ʯҡ
ʯУʰһվ
Ҳ׹
ԼĿǰ磬ָһ޷ƿ״̬
ʲôߴĶ򣬷ͻơ
ǣ򣬶ġ
ˣαذʱ˷棿
ȻʧȥʱʮֿϧĿǰڸʱԼʵᣬȴǸΪҪ顣
ңᡭ
뵽еһЩƷ
Ҳʱ򣬰Щһˡ
૵صһѾʯң档
߰ɣ
ưֺͳһֵ
漴ͬʱһ飬ΧȥƬ̺۶һçĴɽ

ǧ֮⣬һϵĳǳأΪ޳ǡ
޳ǲ֪˭ֻ֪˵ѾܾãͨѪɫһֲֿĸо
ɲʲôƵأǧ֮ǰ˴ħŰܵħɽ߽ޣޣ
˰ﵱɼУнףģ˴˳γڵġ޳ǡ
׼֮ˣ׷ɱʱΪǱ뵽Σķ޳ǡ
˴Ϊ֪һУиֲع⣬·⣬һʮֺ˻ۡ
Ŷ˽ǣһ޳ǵ⣬ǣ㣬вŵĳϣִ²С
ħɽһȻķǽҪɽ뵽޳ǵˣӵоտΪ
ӵΪˣȻǷߣһ޳ӵԼϢȻ֪
ԣÿνЩ޳еĸ߽޵ߣ뵽ޱ޼ʵħɽһֻԸ֮
˴ŵˣҲֻ֮֮չˡ
޳Ҳ֪ŭãԴǰڣֻڰƧһЩ⣬Ȼչ׳󣬳Ϊ֮һ
Χĵһǣ̫ƽӴ֪ٱ
޳ǽҪһᣬ˵вٱＴģûģģͨġ
һᣬ˵ע⡣
ԣһʱ䣬޳ӣⳡ޳Ĵң˷·ŵζȺͬʱμ
֮⣬ͷ棬ڸ˱ݵİˡ
޳ǣͬһҩͰһͷſѪڵľޣʱȴ˵Ľ룬һڽû븹С

գҹʱ֡
޳ʮ⣬ħɽ£һжŮӰ
ˣʮᣬУΪ׵һӣϾȻûκڵ
ֻһ£гһʮȣǺЦôģΣķħɽ֮УȻ̤ͬ档
ˣ󣬽һɴбһá
磬ʲôʱܵ޳ǣ
ȻһŮǰס֣εʵ
ˣˡ
΢Цش𣬡գҪٿʱأҪǱ𻭿ȡʦһ򵽣ġ
ߣ
ɴŮ̱ʱˣ߱ߣôеҪ͸ҡ
ãããʧ֣е͸㵱ðɣ
ЦãһߣһɴŮҲȻһĻϲּǵһε顣
ͷһɴŮ߶ѵģĴᣬʲôҪûУ
ԣһС߶İɴŮƺ뵽ʲôɫ˲Ȼ
ֻػشʦͽûҪ֮ֻձ𣬽Ⱥͽ֮ڷ

״΢΢̾ϢһҲû˵ʲôعͷ
ڴʱ·ߣȻͷɫߣֳֵǹꪵȸ·ߣǰɽҿԣҪӴ˹·ƣ
ͣ
ͲסһɴŮաһЦʱǵöȺ߲Ȼŭ
ٶôû⣬
㣬㣬ãǾȻ˲֪ôôʱ򣬻ЦϵĶУ㣬㡭
Ϊ׵һһָŮǾ£ֺֺǰɡ
Ǻǣ
һʼҲǺЦһ仰ɫȴ
ֻһߣƾǣҲ䡣
˵䣬еǱȣȻſӳ
ᱡ͸棬·һУУһεİͬˮӿһ̡
ۣ
˲ͬʱһϸϸѪߣи˲˲䣬Ȼֻһ졣
漴۾Բ沱ŵһһأôܣ
ͨ
ϧⱲӣҲûа취˵ˣɫһһˤѣ¶ɭɲݡ
߰ɣ
ȣ澹ȻһѪ·Ѿ䡣
һ˦°ڣ̤Ҳ˵ʬһۣɴŮæϣҲͬͬ
΢У°½ǣȻһͬʵĻ䣬΢ҡΡ


172 
޳Уһܸߵľ¥
¥Сǧꡱ
˶֪ǧꡱУģƣȻһǧ꣬ʮ죬ǿԵġ
ȻҪľ㹻
գǧУյ磬Ѿõó档
Ȼ˶ףΪ޳һһȵĴἴʼ
ÿʱ޳еǧ꣬ձҹҹƻͨûпеʱ
Ȼϰ˵Ǻ£ĺ¡
޲ÿ죬ء
пˣʹ⣬⣬ʹǮ׬
ֻǣһ죬ȴֻ޾¥ΪʲôټˣΪʲôһ˶ûС
Ϊ
˿̣վǧʮ¥һɫۣһֽˣôĮעž¥еÿһˣÿһء
ļ䣬Ѫϵεδ£ԣӵʮͷÿһŭĿԲϾǲŵɫ
ٲգұҪǧʮ㣬ٿˣ
ţ˶һֲı飬ŵòвԪǿߣ벽ѨС
Ȼû˳ƺǺġ
ۣ
һӣִָ¥˵Դ
˺߶ûкһأءһ죬ͷϸһѪ
ѪԽԴԴϵȾ˵档
ɳ𣬺Ҳؿ¥¡
һʱ֣һΣȻû˻ػһλ֣޹ء
ڣ̵ɱȺһЩɧһ˻Ŵ󵶳¥Ҹƴˡ
ǣҾͲһܴù¥֡
˱һű˺վĵطɱ
Ȼֻһ룬͡һ˵Ȼһ֣˵ϥǱһˤڵء
Դˤڵذϵţ˷·Ϻ«һ¹ȥ䵽¥£һϥҽУͬɱһ㣬Զš
Χ۵ˣɫ䣬һҲҶһ֡
ڻûֵǣٹһ̣˻ֵˣڸұ졣
ٳһھᣡ
˴˻һ֮ǰŭڣҪǰȥƴ˵ˣȫһȻʵеʹ̲סǲɵһ־ס͡
ټľ¥Уʱǽ壬һƬңӰᤴȴţһƬš
һӣٴ̧ۣؿһۣһ֣
״ˣһȻȴӲǲƶ֣Ҳ˵һġ
ڴʱȺ֮У߳һСݺڵӣߵ¥м䡣
ֻһЦǺαأǺοࣿɱ޹ףõǼ𣿡
Ǻǣڳˣ
֣£ǻ𣬡Ǽҿһȫʬ
ϡ
Сӿڵ˵ֻ֮ͷһƣ¶һʮݡ
ڴ֮ͥ£һ죬ȻʼθߣԭСݺڵģգʧһߴӢꡣ
ŻȻԭĿѹǺ˰춼ûҵֻܿɱ
Ǻǣ㲻һ죬˵ġ
һƮ˾Ȼͬһɫƶ¥ƮգסӣҲƺ֪ҲãʩΪ
סС˺ЦЦָһָ֮ϣһѪɫĻ档
Ѫħָ㶮ģÿʹధĸʱݣ㲻˵Ǽ䣬ÿʹĻһӰɡ
˵ָ꣬ӣϿָɫһ䣬漴̹Ȼ
ͨ
Ȼ˫ϥһ൹ڵأƬ̼䣬ͷϣ͹¶ĺ飬ؿѨһڲ˸ͬһסѨ
أǺνġѪħָĽˣ¥ڣ˿һһͷû˸Ҳ֡
˿һۣ漴һЦڵϴʹʹӡһݣ㼴ƾ¥һݣαѶȥʧӰ١
¥žƬ̣漴ȻûȻˡѽһʹħѾȥȻû˸֣ȫһŶգʧӰ١
ټһǧꡱգ۾ȻſȸСҲһˡ
ֻʣһۣϰ塰񸻡һˣվſڣЦаĺ¥һˡ


ư֣ˣһ·ϣڴԽããħɽ޳⡣
һ·ȻҲΣգܹоա
һͷѪľ޴ǳأ˶һһۡ
漴һڣ߰ɣǣ
á
ưֺͳӵˣҲǿѹ񣬻ڡ

һڣĦ࣬͸Ҳûʲôͬƺʲô
̣С̯СӦӦУѯּۻһ𣬺žƲ˵ζеɡ
ϸ֣ᷢˣͨӵΪ޵ߣǱԭԭסԭ
Щˣǵ걻Щħ޹޴ץ޳·ģδﵱūϢ
ģǧһ
ưֵҲûϸܣסһ˵䣬еĵص֮漴ȥ


173 Ѽ
Ƭ֮һǳͬɫѪɫǵǰ
⣬޳еĵصˡ
޹
ư֣ӶһۣҲû˼ȥ޳ǵľɫֱӻС
һ룬ȵһоǴ󣬼Σǳ󣬾˶ࡣ
ңûһˣӭС㣬ٶ߲Ϊ
ͷλ۵ŮһԴﵽ벽Ԫ
ȥһЩһһ£ȻûǮȥ
š
˷ֿԳŴ࣬һŰȥ
챦Ǯμʿ׼ģһ۸ʮֹѹһɼۡ
нƸļʦۣһҲʲô
ư֣ôæ϶δٵǮҾУ䱦۵Ҳ
ԣǱ봦õһЩԼƽʱõĶȡԼмֵĻᡣ
һ䰵ҡ
棬򵥵ֻһľһŴΣһɫ
ľһλü˸ߣһ˫ַϣ޼룬ʮָɾ
ָһȾֱߣһöشŵɫ龵
΢΢һЦҲӣˣ뽫ҪƷȡ
á
ûԥָһ˲һѶƾճ֣ϡ
Щ棬öڵ䣬߰öССĴָԲ飬һ˸΢΢ѪѪ쾧ʯԼһɫȵȡ
۾һĨ΢΢ľ죬Ҳû˵ʲôܿ죬Ǳɫ
ɫ֮ϣܲɫƣͬ˪ʢʮ죬֮䣬γɣʮۡ
ָһãϸ˰ΣƬ̺³ڵ˪ƷֵǧٵǮ
Աϣ΢ЦЦˣ¶ҵıκ飬ԿʱвģҪ¼߻˼ջز
˵꣬һöѪɫľʯ
ԣ˵ͷû˵
ó˪Ϊ̽һ¼۸񣬹Ȼû١
˪ʱǻǧǮһʱ䣬ȥۣļ۸񣬵ȷƽ
Ƭ̣߰ǿѪ쾧ʯ£漴ڣѪķԪħ龫ѪԪγɣħãͨ͸̶ȣƷ飬Ʒ飬Ʒһ飬Ʒһ顣ֵܼʮǮ
˻
ԣһ漴ֲЩϲ
ЩѪķԪȻаؿߵãһö
Ͻ컪Ŷһںгۣ۸ʮ֮
ϾţѪķԪаô󣬵ħǿߣǻʵı
ԣһʱҲȱǮԾ
óһԣȻ۸ʮֹ
Ѿ⣬ڴ˳ۣһЩССۣҲֵˣϾʡٶȥΣա
Ʒöͨ͸Ĵָʯ飬˵ѪķԪͬаؿ߷֣Щսٸ֮
Ҳ֪ʲôԸɴһ˳
߿˼ۣ漴ڣʯٸ飬ʣװƴһЩһöֵǮ
ļƷƷƷ
ԼòûʲôֵƷȫգһջ˶ʮǮ
ⲢǽΪͷϷˡ
䣬һöƷʽƷֵǧǮһöܹʮǮĸֶȫܹʮǮ
š
ֵе֮ˣ̫̫ͣߡ
Ҳû뵽һͨĽ񣬾ȻܸԼһöþõһջ
漴ǿѹ񣬼ΪĵĶ
ʱóĶѾһ꣬ϵģ
һͭСһöɫ͸֦һɫľƬԼһĿʯ
ߵǸͭɫС
Сͨ嵭ɫͭ壬кܶͷˣ洹һϸϸ
ѾõܾˣֻΪǸɫ͸֦˳ӣȴԽԽôﲻ򵥡
ֻһֱûлᣬŪʲôõġ
ʱлѼȻŹͬʱҲŪļ۸Ա㵽ʱϣʲôУȴͬʱò޶ĵǮԴ֡
ߵҲһαЩ֣óһĥɳϸϸС֮ϲƬ̣ãȻָһһ׵ĵ
ŵĹ룬Ȼ䣬˺Ȼˡ죬ȻһߴС
Ǵ򿪣һдĹ⻪һ
ߵʮ죬СĦ˴˺ãؽſͬʱȵضЦ
ˣ˺ɲǷһй˵ȻǣҲһʮ˲õıˡ
ûп˺ΪһλѨǿʢװ֮˵һ޸ܹ£ÿһ꣬һֵ̳ǵĺþƣǧ𲻻
䵽ϲֵǣ䵽ϲҲһֵٵǮı
ļ۸ΪܹҸۣʮǮ޸ԭ״һǮҲ
ȻԸ˽ңԼӼʮǮΣ۸񣬿ɲˣ
Ŀ˸£漴ҡҡͷǸҲдãʱûг۵Ĵ㡣ԺУһһǰѰǰ

̾ϢһҲ֪ԼĻľʾϾ޳ﶦļʦֹҲмΪһܹΪһꡣ
գֻЩʧؽŵһߣڶ
ǼͭСͬʱ򵽣ʵֻΪͷƷһɫͬһ֦״͸Ķɢ΢΢Ϲ⣬һһͬ档
;Щ뵽ϹһһҲͽ
ͭСܹĴۣǧٵǮ
Ǵ˿̣һͭСȻͼֵʮǮһԸΪӼ۵ʮɫ͸֦
м˲䣬öɫ͸֦ۣȴЩʧؽ£
ˣǲΪϹŴ˵еǼˣһͨĽ״֬ȻҲ󣬵ܹҲٵǮ

һ£ǴһˣԭΪԶСȴû뵽ӵСȻһȻܹ𣬵ôҲһ
ɫ֦ȴ˱һǮֵ
ʱףԼΪģһȷϹŴ˵УЩ©ˣҲûôüġ
ʱ򣬶ǱƭߣԼƭ
ģ״ơ֮ֻ¾˹ڵ̯ϵģעġ
Լ˵Ǹԩͷ֮ˡ
ֻ̯Ҳû뵽νСȴһܹǱԩͷɫȻҳһСȴ׬ʮǮ
֪֪һĻʱлθ룬ǲϵɱɡ


174 Ὺʼ
һжûʲôϵˣ֣Ʒھġ
ʱܽ֡
ʱû뷨ѡ
Ƭ֮֮ϣҲ꣬˪ڣͭСľƬʯ£ģȫһܹʮٵǮ
ϣԭ񣬻Žʮ㼸٣ϣһҹʱаʮҵǮˡ
һ֣ǰ붼롣
ԴԪ۽ҲʮҲˡ
ת˰䣬㳯ȥ
һϧվеˣĲ۸񻹿һ°ٷ֮ʮΣ
ûлͷ߰˰֣˼ȷڲ
漴뵽Ĵ˺С
λü˸ߣüͷ˼ΣȻһε塣
Ƭ̺һλ£ƺʱӰ֮еӰȻ
ȥҪʧټʱ
ǡ
ǵӰشӦһ漴һ˾ȻŤƬ̺󣬻һͨߣ
üߣϵЦʧøɸɾ˫У¶һ˿Ĺâ૵
ɷͭĸĻľˣɲӦռеĶ䵽ҵϡ
ˣ㻹̫һ㣬ΪǴᣬһȫô
άֻΪЩóջ󲻹㣬һƽСӣӵȴҽóҡУҲһ١
ߡ
һü£ϵɫָƽ±ǸȺͨļʦڣһ

ư֣ᣬһΣ£漴㾲ȴ
˭ҲûʶԷղųЩʲôҲûʶԷӵжٵǮ
ֵܣҲѵһСܡ
ҲûΪǵģƱ¼ңǶǺպĴ塣
ǵĲƸԼܱȡưֺͳƳӦҲԼŶԡ
ѷһţҪĶƷҲѡ
ף˶ǳͻƻԪ֮Ȼ˻Ԫܱ֤ٷ֮٣ܶһֻᣬͶһ֡
ưѾʮ㣬ͻƻԪԶȻһҲԶ׼
Լô
ʵʱҲãģҲ֪ҪʲôƷĿǰֻһһȵҪĶ֣ȻĶ
ڿʼ޴ĺľ̨֮ϣһۣؿһӣһ̬ʮֺ
ҲûІ£ֱӿ˵޳һһᣬڿʼ
Ǳ֣ļʦа
һʮƷÿһԲǷ޳УѾĻѰ
ǼʮƷԾԱ棬κ⣬޳Ḻȫ𣬲⳥ϵļֵ
ˣŴҶҵķϻȤǾͻ˵ᣬڿʼ
˵꣬΢΢һ죬ڵһƷС巽һ۸һǧǮÿμӼۣõٵǮڿʼġ
˵꣬˵һԣһŮ˫һɫͷ쳤ǰ
۸̬ʦаһɣǡһ쳹᳡
һƹ⣬һһָ£ع齣÷ɢ
аսᳯԱһĥ̰һӣӦΪϣпڴ⻬ƽͬ档
аݣˣۿȥֻ˿𣬽֮ϵĻƹûлζһ£ƺʢˡ
ǷƷС
̨£˿ô󻩣޽ߣһվͨ죬̨ϡ
Ķģǿʼȿֺ󣬲סۡ
һ
һߣ
һţ

壡
գ˽̨УһҵĻ۽߹ã㸶ǧǮĴۡ
̨£Ŀ̨ϣҲ΢
û뵽һγƷȻǷƷСЩۺ֮
һƷıĽӵвá
ǣղۼʶ巽ǿɲķ֮ţ˽ԼϣԼͼžٽɡ
ո˪ǱᣬҰıСߡ
ˣʹſڣǣգû˵һ
ڵȣѹƷףǰļʮƷٺãҲ㿪θˣĶҪȵ
ɲò״ļʮǮô˷ǰһЩεƷϻӻ
ø֣Ҫڵϡ

ᣬɵĽУڶƷһöĵҩһƿÿƿʮ
˵ҩС浤һܼ޶ߣӳʱĵҩļۣǮÿμӼۣõһǧ
ǧǮߡ
Ʒһ֧ѣСǧѡͬһ֧СѣļۣǧǮÿμӼۣõһǧ
󣬱һŮǮߡ
ģ壬ʮƷ
ţ汦黨ݣҩ꣬żסһһֵǵĶڳһһߣķΧ߳
ڼ䣬ҲĶǣΪĶĶûг֡
ʮƷһöܴڵԪڻԪǰ㽫ڵԪȡһ飬ͬΪʥƷ֮һ
ܵõһöͻƻԪʱϣ࣬ͬʱͻƾתɵĵҲԭ
λԼҪǴѺ󱲣һöıļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡

̨£ʱȻ˭Ҳû뵽ⳡϣȻǿ֮
ڳУлԪѨ޵У˭޺󱲣ңЩ׺󱲣츳ֲ뵱ġ
ʱ۾һֱͦ˺󱳡
һưֳӿȥȻͬʱһۣ˵ͷڱص֮ġ
дͻƻԪǰ϶ˣ˶ֻΪ󱲣Ϊ˹򣬶ǣڹͷ
ıôзĵ
ͻƻԪǰֻҲҪĶϧһд¡
ˣ˵˼ͬʱҲ⣬ĲҪԼһЩۣҲҪǴ롣



175 Ѫ
ȻҲףı۸϶˲ˣͿڳ֮ˣǵĺ󱲣̵ߵĵ׼ˡ
ΪԼӦòƳѪƴŶԡ
Ȼҷˣϲĺ󱲣Ϊ˻Ҳһ
²Ҳֻһһˡ
ܿĻԱиɲٶȣڲ
ʮһ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ܿ죬ֱ쭵˶ʮ򣬼۸ָƽȡ
һһļӣһˡ
ʮ򣡡
գ۸ֹȻģֻĸˡ
ĸˣһʿһ಼ߣһǺ󺺣һһЦȻ
ĸˣƺᣬ۸ѾȻԸ
ư˶һۣɫѿһЩ
ǶûгۣһֱڵȻᣬȻ˭Ҳû뵽̶Ƭ̼䣬öļֵ㳴֮ߡ
ĳɽ۸ֻ¸ǲ
ڣʮʱʿ󺺽˳ֻʣ಼ھˡ
ʮ򣡡
಼߱۸֮ʱҲһЦ˳˾ᣬҲûеɱżѵķȡ
˶Ϊڳ䶨಼֮ʱһ𣺡ʮ򣡡
ţ
಼߻عͷ۾֮֮һš
屨۵ˣȴһ漴вһɰա
ʮС޶ֻͻƻԪĹؿˣֻҪǮѲġ
ΪǼܷ
ʲôԼʵҪ
ˣ˱ۣҲһƬ
ʮѾ󳬳һöļֵˣֵҲͶʮ߰ϼӣۣǵľٶ
ˣһǮĶʮ
˶ţʹֹΪֻҪ˾۸ͻһ·ֱһһǮΪֹ
ưֺͳӱ۸֮Ҳʮ
ö־ڱصãȥһֻһ룬ͻƻԪͻƻԪ۵мá
ǲܷ
Ȼ˼۸ȻЩǵԤϣԱߣ΢Цǣ촽΢һֳȥ
Ƴ¶ԣһ񣬻عͷһۣ漴۾΢ٴξ۾񣬿̨ϡ
̨ϣʦа˼ˣɲˡ
µľû
öԭΪĵʮ㲻ϾģûмǻԪµģ඼ˡ
ˣ۸Ͳ̫ߡ
Ȼû뵽ͷȻĵǡӵеǮҵƿġ
⣬Ϊϲ飬ĳмĶ֣ĳ
˲䣬öļֵ¹һΣϵЦԽԽʢ
ʮһΣʮڶΣʮ
þû˱ۣеСͭ£Ŀȴһ಼ֱߡ
಼ɫ죬ԥ˰Σڿڵʮ򣡡
ư֣ӺԥٴμӼ۵ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һΣĬ˰ӣ಼߲ٴμӼۣϲϲʾ˿Ĳƽ
ʮ򣡡
ư֣ûʦʧȻٴεһʱԼļ۸
ʮ򣡡
಼ҧҧͷ֮Ѿ亹֮תư֣һۣЦ
ˣ֣öҾͲҪˡãûã޳ǣаպţҪСİ
ǳࡢвˣȻưӶһۣûη壬ڵʮ򣡡

಼߷Ȼ£ͬһ㣬δͷ˶ܵõһ˲䣬һɱ⡣
ȻưֺͳӲᣬһЦ⡣
Ƭ֮һŮһ̹ͭͭŵģǻʮǮµö
ͨ徧죬ûʲôЩͬǣĹɫģһ˿ɫӨ͸ɢһɵ
ư֣ӽǮ֮󣬱㼴ϲεؿöƬ֮󣬲ʶԡ
ֳϣʵڲʺͣ漴Сһľ֮Уʣµ
õöԸѴ㣬ڽᣬûʲôȤˣ͡
ҪĶûг֣Ծɾٱȴ׽ʱ
Ƴ¶˳Ҳɵһ΢΢һЦ
ղţ˫۸񲻶֮ЩưϵǮܲ˸Ǵʮ£ģ
û뵽յʮʱ಼߾ˣʡһ顣
Ƴ¶еĵǮѾ㹻֧Ҳһš

½Уղŷ鲻һСʮ߼Ʒ֣ܿ漴ǵʮ˼ʮż
һƷϣԽԽ󣬶ǲ֮ϡ䡣
Ʒļ۸Ҳһ·ܿͻʮһΣʮ
ڣڶʮƷע⡣
ҪĵģһеĻѪ壬뿴
ŻһŮһöɫʮֹϵͭ
֮ϣ߲ݺᣬǷ˪֮⣬ѿһָ׳Ŀӣƺа߰Ѫĳϣһ

һֱӡ



176 𻭿
ϡ٣ǣԸʹûʹûˣ١
ǡɣһ
̨֮ϣŮеɫ壬֣أĿ˸
ڵȡ
ȴ˵ľۣԼ̨ϣʦĽܡ
Ѫ壬ԻĹţǧǰϻһرɣ֮
ʢһʱ֪ΪΣĪ𡣡
ڻ֮󣬴öڵѪ塯ҲͲ֪䣬ֱİǰһҵˡá
ҵ˱޵һ֮öѪ֮ȴѸ𣬳Ϊһۣ˴ţҲࡣ
ҵ֮󣬴ٴʧ٣ʱ޳ϡ
öѪȻ𣬵Ȼ޵һʮֵѵı
书У˻ǣ顣
ʵǿϣһҡɢԲޣͼ޵ߵѪ񡣡
ήܣ״Ҳ̶á
ˣŴҲѪĴ˵ҾͲ˵ڿʼġ
ļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõ򡣡
ʼ
ŻʦаĿڣȻ̨ȴһƬţ
ڻڣѪĴ˵Ҵ඼˵һЩ
ǣ塣
ıȤеġ
ΪǲǻʦöŻļ۸ȴʵڸ߲ȥ
ΪԼ۱Ȳߡ
˭Ը⻨ʮȥһöԼôõϣԼɶıأ
ǣЩʮϲܷЧĻʦС
ϧ䣬ʦѾԽԽˡ
У˭Ը⻨ʮĴۣȥһöһǵѪ壬Լа֮
ʶ̨ϣʦаıۣ˷Ĭ
ûһ˱ۡ
ѵõţѿ
̨ϣ֪˴һöаʵҲϣ
֪ʦϡ٣Ҫ˵һöĻȻͷʮ֮
Ȼûϵų̶ȣɫһΡ
ѪȻҲǵ˳̶Ȱɣһ۵˶ûС
ףЩ۸̫ˣʮ򣬶ʮغܶԸһԡ
ʮ򡭡
Ѿеĵˡ
ԥţǲҪ۳ۣǾʹ˽ⳡʱ򣬽Уڴһƺԥ
ʮ򣡡
аһ㣬Ǹȥȴһ꣬ԥı顣
ٿˣûһ˱ۣ˷ȫһϵı飬Ǹꡣ
״ϵԥɫŨˡ
ˣʦажʱһһʱӶԼеСֱͭӴ£
ãʮһΣʮڶΣʮΣɽ
ٿȻͬһգ۾Ͱȷ꣬Цؿеꡣ

ڶʮ߼Ʒмҩ嵤һöһ̶ϣ߻ԪΪһ㾳磬ǣӵм󻼣ú󣬻ԵѨʱ֮֮ļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõһ򡣡
ڶʮ˼Ʒ벽ħꡣԹңɼҡȾħѪǧԴɷļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõһ塣
ڶʮżƷꡣƳɿ԰΢ٶȵ鵤鵤ļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõ򡣡
ʮƷԪѪһݣɱѨ£󲿷ޣʹΡļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõ򡣡
ʮһƷ١һߣ˵֮Լ棬һƷرļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõһ򡣡
ʮƷ

Ŀıﱻ̧ϸ̨漴ȥὥĸ߳
ʹк󻼵Ķ嵤ֻпõݣĳۡ
Ͼÿ˶гѨĻᣬʹֻһ㾳磬ԺܶڻԪʮʮ˵ֵúķȫȥƴһΡ
ݶгɳǰģǲԸŹһ˿ԼĻᡣ
һЩ٣ͻƣӽıﶼ׷׳֡
տʼʱֻ˳֣ļʮ䰵䣬ҲʼƵˡ
ΪԽ棬ֵƷԽ󣬵棬ÿһϡ䱦
ʮƷα𻭿ȡһߣļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
䣡
еβ֮ʱᣬȻ𶯡
αҲ˵߻𻭿ȣˮƽģֻУһ覴ãűα
αҲϣֹѵģģֻǻԵɺ϶ѣͬǿ󡣡
̨֮ϣһŮһ˿񱡾ɴһĺɫȣϸ̨
ƿգΪףϵɽˮˣޡ
е裬ͬǣө棬ʹڰգҲʤգҪ˵ҹˡ
𻭿ȣǧƳɣӵмߵĹͷڻ֮ĵܴﵽѵĵزǻϵѵرѡ񡣡
ڣۿʼ

Ǹʲô
ڸ̨£˶̨Ǳȵʱưֺͳȴɻͷ
Ǻǣá
һЦһ㲻ղʱľɥԥ֮ɫ˫Ħļһöӳ¾۾дһ˿˵Ц⡣
˫ּ䣬еĺߣöϵһ
һööϷ䣬ϵЦŨˡ
ǻģóõҲǡ
ƣ¶˿ʼûӦ漴뵽ʲô۾һֻǣ۸е̫ˡ
ЦЦû˵ʲô
ղţǸһ£ԥŻʮѪģȻ
û˱֪жȷ



177 ػʹ
˳ˣ
޳֮У¥һᣬ֮ǰħɽгֹİɴŮաļе磬֣죬졭
΢΢һЦ֣Цһǣ
⻹
աһؽеҲֻ֪ܸɵۡ
״һԣһСߡŮЦЦԱӣ΢Ц
ʦģʦһġȻеĲˣ㻹ż

ɴŮատʼûӦ漴ЦһҲǣٺ٣磬Ϳˡ
˵꣬ûûεԱЦ

״硱һЦָһ㣬˵ѽ漴Ҳû˵ʲôۣ¥¡
ôһ򣬻𻭿ȵľۣѾһĵزְȻ
αĳֳ֣ա
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ֻգۼ䣬߻𻭿ȵļ۸񣬱ˮǴߣͻʮأʮƺֻ֮䡣
ز۵ҲʼϾÿ˶ǻϵ壬Ҳÿˣϲ
ʮ򣡡
ڣʱ죬ˡ
̨֮ٿȻһ漴ӷڡ
ʮ򡣡
꿪ûãһϵ֮
ʮ򣡡
һοڣ᳡һƬţ˵һ
Ȼ뵽ȵļ۸ܸߣҲû뵽ߵֵز
뵽ˣҲû뵽滹иôӼ۵ġ
㵣漴һƺУ˾ۡ
ʹٷᣬҲܳ˾ۡ
ȻȻ˶ˡ
꿪ûãһû𣺡ʮ򣡡
ţ
ƺʲôĿһתȻһ䳨İȥ
ڣһӰ֮е꣬һűƤ֮ϣһľԲ
Բ֮ϰ˹Ϲƣһϵ֮ŮԱ߹źһһȡ
ƺԤϣ΢Цһƣ߾˾١
ԭ乫ӣû뵽乫Ҳˣ÷ĳ졣
߹Сʦϲ֮乫һѧǺİϵ壬֪ܷ棬Ϊѡ
˵꣬Ȼڣһļ۸񣺡ʮ򣡡

̨£һƬ𣬾ԭ뾺۵ˣ֣Ҳȫˡ
˸ЩԼĶ䡣
棬ıۣԲ֮ϵ꣬ĬƬ̣ȻҲЦˣǷʦϲ֮ĳôôûУȣøֵˡ
˵꣬ѺõЦЦ
ȻȴһЦҲޣؿ˶ԷһۣƬ̺䶨
һ޳ĹԽ͵ĺż䣬긶Ǯ֮󣬱㽫ԥ͸İɴŮ
ɴŮӹϲʤס棬ϲ֮ɫȴδ⣬ֻǳĬؿ·˼

½Уһȹһˡ
֮󣬲ư֣ӣ꣬δһֻ֣ǾԹۡ
ղţıۣҲǾһ̶֣Ƭ̺ʮ߼¼ͱˢ£ﵽʮ򣬳һͷߵĺˡ
ڣβҪ۵ģѹ֮
һѹ֮ػʹ
Ż䣬Ȼüžţ漴֣ơ
ûκνܣκνܣ֣Ѿ˵һС
̨ϣʦа˻ƺð⣺ػʹ
ĻŮ̧һ޴ĺľܣϸ̨
ľ֮ϣź
ءһ죬ľأľ̨
벽ԪĺŮ漴˺
̶Ƭ̼䣬ʮ·̣Ȼߵȫ㺹죬ɴ壬֡
Żаҿ񣬳ǰģһͨڣ޹⣬һֻޣ͵Ĺ湭
أһǧ֮ͬɢŵĻƹ⡣
аһңȻһ𣬷ɢһ⡣
һ֧ڵĹȻγɣȻų̂£ǣһ̣ɭɱ˲亹ֱð궼ƶһ㡣

˿ʼʦһͬ񣬼ƲסԼ˼ˡ
ػʹ׶󲿷ݻԪǿߵĻ֣񲻿ɵʹѨǿߣ޷Ҳһ
칤ɽʦءļۣʮǮÿμӼۣõ򣡡
ֱӵ׼۾ѹ˸ղƷ߼ۣǣȴû˾ù
ʮĵ׼۸ձϾͱˢ¡
ʮ塭ʮʮ塭һ٣
һٶʮ򣡡
գۼ䣬ػʹļ۸񣬾ͱĵһٶʮ򣬶ļ۵ˣȻﲻ
ֻˣһ˳ˣΪ۸Ѿ˳֮ء
ˣˡ
ԣļ۵Ĵ࣬۵ģʵֻôȼ
⼸ˣȴĵʮֻȣһ㲻֮ǰ˺ǧľ档
һʮ򣡡
һٰʮ򣡡
գ˹¥֮ǰᡰ𻭿ȡߣһٰʮۣĵ㺮ֲĽӡ
֮ǰĻˣв²⣺ʲôˣۺĲһٰʮ򣬾һЩ֮ңҲһõó˳ֻ꣬Уһĵ֮һѹ˲ƴ󡣡
꣬䣿
²⣬Ҳȷ棬һΣȴѵõûнмۣɱֳĬ



178 һƷ

ػʹ֮ʱưˣҲһ󼤶
ػʹвѨĴڣκϣܴʯ޿赲
ԥΣջûгۡ
ǲҪǣһ۸̫ߣһٰʮۣʹǣҲܲ
ֳϣұµػʹˣҪôʵǿҪôݲ
ͨˣ£Ҳס
޳ʲôطǿӣػʹʲô
һͨ˾ܽ£ܽóȥô
ȻǷ񶨵ġ
ټϹĿǰưֵóԣԥȻĶҲֻȿһ°ˡ
󣬵ڶѹ֮￪ʼġ
ưֵ˸𾪵鷢ˡ
̨ϣʦаЦݣһһָһϵסĻɫᣬ̨˿ڵ
ڶѹƷӰһ磬裬ǧӰѱ١
ӰƷļۣһǮÿμӼۣõ򣡡
䣡
᳡ֱͬڣ֮˼ֱԼĶ䡣
ʲôƷ
ڳ֮ˣû˲֪Ʒʲô˼һڰ˴ŵרͨˣͨңһӶԽӴһΡ
죬һһΪȻֻ֣ҪǮ¡
˭񲣬˭
ȵػʹ˾̾ݣȵػʹ𺶵ļ۸
̨£ưֵˣҲסˡ
Ʒģѧᣬδ޵֮Уռһϯ֮ء
УҲִܻ£߳ϵĵλ
γᣬҲࡣ
Ȼã˻Ҳֻη
ͬԭһǮûʵȥ
ƷӰļ۸񣬱ȵػʹߣȻûʲôһҵľۺգһڣһϢԣͳѪߡ
Ѫδǰ˶ܲһˡ
һ˵һаȣʬɽѪĸо
ʹڳ֮һЩǿߣҲľԸᣬԶ˾ġ
գ˲Ӱĳʮۣˡ
ѹƷҲǱһƷӰһö
ŻһŮһ̣֮У˶ڷһöª顣
ö飬ʳΣԼӤһָСǿһգ޹ı棬ʱһ߲ʵ
ӰƷϣѰԾѪΪΪ꣬ʮǣʮѪ⽻ڣɷɽ
գҹβ飬һɱڰٲ֮⣡
ļۣһʮǮÿμӼۣõʮ򣡡

ʲô
ǵµǶ¥İ䣬伸ͬһʱ򿪣һͬվĿض̨ʦǿªĻ

Ȼǻ
ʧǣû뵽һ޳ᣬȻ˶Ʒ
ػʹǰƷھȻƷɽļƷ֮Ӱ
վһ˲䣬ΪԽɢһѹ۵̨ϣǿ֮ϵиӦȻ䣬ˡһȻз
漴ͱһѹƣ֮ϣһˮɫĹĻס𶯣ͬˮ
ӰʶƯڰ룬ȻһӰڰ֮УȻԿľ
̨£ֻоһ㱣֮УȻһĸоһ̣Ǵһ˺ѰʹѹüѪ
ʲôȻ֮ܣ
Ȼ۾һ˲䣬֣ԼĻԪƿȻʼɶļ

Ҳ޷ˣˡৡһվĿض̨ϡ

ưֺͳӲվ𣬿ǲûĸܣֻԺһ£ƺ˲ʹһ˲ǣƿɶĸоģԸܲʱеļ
ȴȻһתۣǣϻжٵǮ

һưֵһжʮ򡣡
ӵҲжʮ򣬽ӽʮ򡣡
ţ
ѵ
ѵȻͬһʱۣ𾪣㲻룿
عͷĿ̨ϣһ֮ɫұõǵʮ򣬽һ¡
ǵȻû⣬ֻǡҪذ
ưһһļ򣺡Ǯǲʲô
û˵꣬˼Ⱥǻţ£Ҳܴߡ
϶˫۾ȴ߳һ̡
ѾȰˡ
ȴѼᶨ˾ģΪصɽض̨ϵʦȴž۵Ŀʼ

ư˶һۣԿ˶ԷеΡ
ͰƷܷΪʲôֵƺöȴִ
ⲻһ簡
֪ڸգһ飬ʮƥҲأҲֻ÷ȰͬʱԳһſƬݸ
ֿƬǵ޵һŵƷʱǮ޷Я뿨Уֵʽ֧
͸˵ƣܼеĹ׵һ
ӹл漴ͽſƬϲ
ৡһԭʣµʮڼʮѾӽһ
Ȼ֪۸ԶԶĵ׼۶䲻ϡ
Ȼʮƽƺǡ
ʱѾƽư֣ӿģԷһģ֪һçײ嶯֮ˡ
к֣ʲô취ܴҲ˵һ
Уһ˿ϣ
ȴĬĬع㣬ĳɽ۸
ƷʹֻҲʱվǣΪ磬һӰ֪֮һΣź
ʵ򲻵ѣҲֻʹһ췣֮ˡ
öӰұõ
һʱ̣µǿġ
Ƭ̺һƷӰľģƷĻʵɬĵˣеˣ˽ȥ
һٰʮ򣡡
򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
򣡡

ֻգۼ䣬ղŵ߼۸ʮ򣬱һϢ֮䱻ǹ
󣬼۸ڽʮٰʮİ
İٶʮ



179 Ӱ
ˣˣ
ưֺͳһѷȺ૵ص
ÿһ˵۾죬ܶѾ˸߰ļ۸ˣ
ǣԾɽض̨ϣ·һƥƥǡ
ˣھͬǴȺȺм䣬ʱб˺ѳƬΣա
֮Уһɱ֮ǰϢ
İʮ򣡡
¥һߣһ춯ص֮бͷԵˣ΢ôһ˲
Ѩǿߣ
૵صϣܵ˿µϢ
ߣѨǿʲôµģ
һߣͬڵİٰʮ򣡡
˻
˵һһѨǿߣһʮʮļӡ
۸񡭡
ܼӵ٣жûˡ
ȻȻѨǿߣû˸
Ҳ಻ס̽һοڣİپʮ򣡡
Ȼļ۸ܿѹ꿪ڣ򣡡
״εЦЦڰ֣˾ġ
Ȼ겢ݵģǸ֮ǰ°ƷѪ˰УٴδĮͳٶʮ򣡡
˻
𣬵˶ľˡһ֣·ҪǮһ˵ǣ۸ȴûֹ
һ벽ѨĽ۴󺺣ϼⶶ˶ѿڵʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һԳһЩ˲䣬Ӵ·쫷糱ˮû˷
һЩʵˣɵͬʱƺһ˲ˡ
Ȼͬʱߣмһߣͬһ
ʮ򣡡
᳡Ȼһƺһµķ籩䣬ľˣһöᡣ
ڴʱ֮󣬴һĵλƣ򣬲Ҫ޳顣
䣬һɱ֮֮ǰɣӴƣȫ˲䣬һ㡣
֮ǰƴѨǿߣҲƺһɫЩ԰ס
˲䰲
ٰʮ򣡡
ɫһڵķ򣬵ڣϹֻҪ۸ҾͲˣΣ
ߣ㲻ɣپʮ򡣡
ȫž
۸񵽴ˣڿʼ־ֹ״̬˶ûٿʼۡ
ʹ֮ǰƴֵˣѪˡ
᳡š
˶֪Ӱչľᡣ
˭ңм䣬ǽѨȻҲḻֻȲ
ͷѨǿߺߣγˮߵȻЩʣһЦ
ˣϹܲҲҪ̫⣬·꣬ɽˮתٻʱ򡣡
˵꣬һݣ˾ȻֱӴ
һϮĺۣڵͷһӣͬһֻɫĴһתһ𣬾Ȼգʧ᳡֮ҹɫ֮С
ǺǣʶȤ
֮ΪϹߣһ⣬¥µ̨Ƽʦʼ´𣿡
µжѾȫֻһ˱پʮۣҲ˸е޷룬ֻпŵģ
ǣǣǣϾ¡
¼ʦаһ£˵꣬ߵ̨ǰĿӵ᳡һۣ漴۾¥ļʮ᣺
ǰپʮ򣬷Ӱپʮ򣬻ûٱ۵ģ
һû˱ۣҾöӰ۷轣ǰˣ
𽣬պĶʿһΪɲ⣬˵ѾﵽѨڣһЩɵִ£ϡ
¹ƧȫԺö񣬶޺֣ʹЩĶȻѨǿ޿ƥеѹ£ֲΡ
գ˼죬η¡
ңöӰȻ󣬵ϾҪûǾѪ꣬ˣܻµв٣ǣȵʱټһɽкã
ټپʮ򣬵ȷ˴Ԥ룬Ѿǿ֧ķΧԣЩʹʣ಻òѡ˷

ˣС۷轣ߣЦЦǵ⡣
һ
ͬʱ̨֮ϣʦҲʼ˱ͬʱ߸е
ҲΪ˴Ѿбˡ
ȻֳڣͿҪʱһ벻ȴǴдĶ䣬´Ķһ٣̨¡

ĳۣٶʮ򣡡
ž˾漴˽ԲŵĿ⣬һǡ
ƽһλˣգ䵭ĮϢȻǿֻлԪкڣǣȴƶƧ쳾һɹвһݡ
¥ϣˣɳˣǲһ㶡
ʲôˣȻϹǣ
Ѩ𣬲֪۷轣С衯֮һƺţиҵˣǲݣԸסολǣ˷Ӱ¡
кϷˣ
˲ģ׷¶ۻ顣
бʣûʣԼòܿһϷҲ㲻
Ǻǣˣĵ£óȥ𣿡
¥ŭЦ۾΢΢϶ʱһɼȵΣգͬ˶ɵݡ
Ȼ¥£ϢԪİˣȴȻη壬ȻڣĳѾٶʮǰмӼۡ
˵꣬һУȻ˫Ŀӡ
ߣ
۷轣һЦȻ𣬿µٿȻһ¥ѹȥ
ȻڴʱһߣǵȻٴ𣺡˵κˣڴ˶֡
ϹԽˡ
䣬һ֮ǰӴȻɨ
顣
ڰкȻײУԳһɫĲơ
ȻһǵȻ˿ȴɫһףһ˿ϸϸѪ˿
Ѫħ㣡
ŭ漴վ𣬵ǣʱǵȻȻ䣬ٴοڵ
Ϲһλᣬٸ᳡ңʬ޴档ᣬʲôû㣬ڴ£ˡҲ
㡭
һߣɫ죬սȴ֪ⱳʵжǿԥ˰ΣȻһ䣬Цȥˡ
ϣ㹻ǮƣöӰˣ㡣
˵꣬ӰһȻͬһֻͬƴӸ߿ӹգ۽ããĵҹ
ȥһƬȻ˶û뵽ıʡ
̨ϣΪѾʦаҲһУض󷢻İꡣ
ٶʮһΣٶʮڶΣٶʮһΣٳ۵ûУǺãɽ
öӰλСֵ£뵽̨ǵķԱӣ
˵꣬ʦеͭСش顱һ졣
ᣬҪһƷڳ䶨


180 Σϣ
ã
º국شһվɫƽŲæ̨ȥ
һߣһ촽΢΢˶£û˵ʲôûע⵽ϸڡ
ܿ죬Ӱ̨ʧԭأûлعԾһƬ

ļٵģİѷϹĻˡһԪѨĶСʲôѵʲô󱳾
֪¿϶кϷˣڳŰɡ󣬱ضϳǣϹһȺˣֻѵڳˡ
ţҲǣߣ㲻ܷһҲá
֮ȥ
޳ѾԲܶණļ۸ԤϵĻߡ
δʱѾ֪⻹ֿɿܶ಻´󣬲ǻˣ۶ȥ
˶һϧЦĽȸֱ顣
Ȼ»־ۡ
ȴֻΨ²

֣֣ǻȺгǣټ
ư֣ӿͷ϶ɵһ亹󱳶ʪ͸ˡ
лУ֪ȻĽöӰ£һλѨǿߡ
Ѿ޷ȥ˼ٶǮܹöӰ˸ĵǣô߳޳ǡ
۷׷ףǲɷ׷״һ㣬ĵǵı顣
ڴʱкȻǶȻƽº͵һ˿ҡ
˲Ųͷһ壬ѹ
һΧƺֻ˶ʣδһ˿һ쳣
ܶˡ
˻Ȼ
عǳıӰȥʱѾ뿪λǰֻ̨üһƳס漴Ȼ
⡭
㡭
ݣϤޱȣȻʱ˿̣ͬΣȴһݡ
Ȼͬ䵭Į˳һֶаϢ
ȴΨ
ǣ
һ㶣漴ӦǴ˼棬ˡ
ֻǣ˾ԱߣȴҲ֪Ǻʱһݡ
ңݣ˴ûм
άΩФߣ֪ǾֻҲϲ
ˣˣϤټ֮ǰֻ˭Ҳûע⵽
ԣʱ˿̣֮⣬ֻ²֪ʱѾǱĿǻһˡ
׼̫ġ
֮УΨִϷԷ׷߹⡣
һʱղŻĴ˲ţֻȼûȤˣƳ¶ˣվԭأȺʲô
ߣ
Ƴ¶˶һۣӵô죬ǸϹһЩˣֻѾ˳⣬Ҫھߣַֿ𣿡
Ҳõܶ±֪˹ϵСľ
ưԣͬܶȥ΢ЦĪˣҲѱµͬв죬ڵֵܣȵĵԼɡ
ҡ
˵һ٣ֵ㻹Ȼ׼˼棬϶һİգȻӰġȻжص֮Ǹȥ׸ˣģߣڡֻҪڣֵܻûлҲųϰæ
ҲǣƾʵʹȥҲԲǸϹһ˵Ķ֣ѡֵܡ
ӵ˵ͷҲʾͬ˿һۣСصҲ߰ɣСһ㣬˵У˸档һ·̫ƽ
ãߣ
ȺУһٵĵؽ磬Ȼ٣ķɿȥ

ߵ̨ʦаѾһȺˡ
ӡ
һ񣬵ĵĻڴˣ¼һ֪֧ĵǮ׼ûУ
Żһ֣һݹһӨУöӤָСĻͷС
ħͫעĻһۣбһ߲ʹâ⡣
˵ͷ󡣡
˵꣬һ֣ͳԼĵȥǾʮǷٶʮö֣㿴Σ
˵꣬һӣǰƾƯ
⣬ǣ
ʦаסˣ漴ϱϲѩɷͭĸ
ǰƾƯŵһƴͨ崿ף͸ɢ͵İ׹⣬ֻ˼ꡣ
֮еõĺƷҩѩ
ڶ㵨״ڷϣ͸һѪ⣬֮һŻ
һöӤȭͷСĺʯԼžؾ֮żȻ
Σڽ᳡֮ǰȥѼõĽǣ֮һаɷͭĸ
ƷļƷʯ֮һԵɺϣټһЩĵرûƳɼƷߵĿܡ
ĵر
ȽڷӰ˶ļֵȻҪѷǣһӵתϹܣֵǣ
һֻҪҵһλ߼ʦһƷƷߡ
ǼֵǱȷӰ߶ˣҪѪһ֮á
ԣӣһۿ֪
ԿԣѩһٶʮǮöɷͭĸֵİʮܼһʮֻҪٸ֧ʮ򼴿ɣʣ¶ʮջء
Ƭ̺󣬽׳ɹǸӨУһ޳᳡һţȻȥ
ȻߺûãһӰ֮ǰüʦǰ
ʲôȻɷͭĸһаǸ϶ˣ
飡һ豭ˤ£һأǰŵĺӰһ亹ֱ
üߣϵαװʧһڵĹâͬǵĻ档
ϵƲӻԪڣڣٵڣ󣬾ȻգͻѨմﵽѨڡ
λ޳һͨʦȻȻҲһصѨǿߡ
һݣѾתߵķ׷Ϥޱȣ·֪١
ߣòɷͭĸмĻľԼӰҲԵʧˡ
СӣҪԹԹáǲҪ÷Ϲ֣ÿһС
ಡ
һݣһֻɫĴϸ߿գգʧ
ûκһ˷֡



181 ΣУ
ͬʱ֪ٺüʦһŸָĿģų⿪ʼۡ
޳⣬ڵҹ֪жٵܡ

һϮɫۣҹ֮вۣ·һƥֵҰڵ£ǲΪ֪ı顣

֪ͣǰ󣬲֪Χ·ϣȴԼԼȻ޳ĺţС·뿪˾پˡ
ǣ漰Ӱֵȼı޳Լ׵ķŹԼ
ԣֻӳһʱҲãֻһӣһӣԼӻİҲҪһЩ
ҹ絹ĳ𣬻УӰƺӦΣĽ٣Ȼ΢΢ȣǷӨ֮У
Եľ·Ӱһ㳯ȥӰ֪жˡ
Ӱͬһ׺磬ҹһĲӰٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬Ȼ׿壬ȴѾʩչޡ
ǧУٶѾ֮ǰ˳ĽȻʹˣȻҵġ
ܿ죬Ѿ޳ǣħɽ֮¡
ȻУһҹѻļ䣬¡˶Ĥ
Ȼ䣬ͷһͣסŲĿԶһ޴ӰݼȻúڴˣα˲ͷ¶βɣ
ǺǣǺǣС޶Ȼмֱ£ѹ·ӰȻˣҲҴˣֻҪ㽻ҾͷһȥΣ
ŻںڰеˣȻδ֣ȻһЦȴȻһָ
ͣ
·ҡҷ׹βһӰεָȻڰУһ죬ƺ׹ص
ֱʱղŵʱ͡ŶȻ
㡭
ڰУǵӰǾ㵣⣬ţȻ뵽Ȼ׵λãһָ㵹
ʲôʲôĹ⡭
Ȼ֪ħͫĿ£֪Ӱָжǿ
ʱҲ˲ֻһСѣǸǰվģĸ֣ں档
ȻǵӰأģ޾ľӰУ߳һӰ
žžž
һۣĿ𺣬ǿ׼⣬ӥ죬УŵߣѨǿߣ۷轣𽡣
һƣһЦ⣬Ȼȴ˵ı䣺ˣſǺ£ʱ־лſ񣬶Ҳֳϣʱô޴ʱǻԴͷˡ
ͬ£Сӣ㲻ͷҵĺġڣҸһѡ񣬽Ӱһգļգʱ˵أɥ֮
Ǻǡ
ԣʹӦԷӴϢȻȻȻɫ䣬ƺبˡ
ڵǰһˣòҲô˵ġֻڣѾڵˣңɺȻúõվ˵
Ǻǡ
߲ŭЦңɺһɫˣһ޵úн࣬Ȼˣڤ粻飬Ǿֲˡ
䣬һɿµ֮ϳ֣ϯ
̫澢
һ޽ӽڰƷƷķң¯ĵز̫澢۷轣ĳ
һɲ֮䣬ܵĿȻᣬԲɵľڣԳһ㱡ɫ˪
۷轣Ϸк֮£ᣬѧһ²ףԸȥһΣǲ
Ǹ
һϻ˵֪²ˣᳯһڳһƵְɣ
ãȻˣҵġ
䣬ǶһеĿº˲ӱʮͬɺʡ
ȫ£˲һѪҺ·𱻽סˣжܡ
һ٣˶ʱΪһӰݶһ飬ֱӻȭȭӰƿգΪһŴײĺӰع
ۿܲҪɥڴʱ۾һȻЦˡ
ֻһȣԪѪ
ɲʱ֮䣬ֻȫ£ðһ㱡Ѫ棬Ѫɫ棬ǿʢ˳ң·һ˲ȫѪȼϢһɲǼ䣬ࡣ
ȻӻԪ۷壬ͻԪжΡ
䣡
޾ĺں棬˲佫ܵıȼգǿɢķȭӰȥ
ȴŲһ٣ڻָжһݣûгߣȴΪһӰһȥ
ںȭڰкȻײ顱һ죬𶯣ʯѣ޾ľһ֮»Ϊ̡
˿Գһ˿мЦ⣬ȻȴȻƺһȻܹҪһѪֱӳֹֹס
飡
ԭط˼ͷɨƽľһСɽƽˣֳΣɫ԰׵¡
ֻһˣھʮţսһˡ
⣬ǻԪѨ֮Ĳ𣿡
૵֧Լ˺ѵʹѵ˲ǵѪ
۾֮УʲôҲ壬ֻһѪǣȴЦˡ
ˣ֪˰ɣӰһȫʬ
棬ߵڣղŻһڣѾֻΪһȫʬˡ
ȻȴЦˣͻأЦˡ
Цʲô
ŭɶȴֲеһ֣ӼѾΪһˣ˿ʵҲӲôЦó
ѵ֪Լʱ˵أԼѾ˵ıԵ
ģ֮дֲѰͻƵĻԵԵѵƿɶҲԹ˻ԪѨǿʱҷˡ
㣿
һһı鿴ȴҲͰֻ֣ǻվֱɫ
ָ죬࣬һһ٣ڵӡٻ񷣡ˮˣ

󣬶Ȼһɲ·ɫ޺ӣƺƵ޼᲻ݣѨǿߡ۷轣𽡣
վֱʱ͸оԣоܿУԽԽʢˮӣԽԽճʪ⣬ɫ䡣
ڴʱˡ¡¡ͬԾ콵£ľ޴ˮ
ɻ˲䣬Ϳ˲˼һĻ
ˣϯƿɴݻǧɽɨƽһУͬشƣϲ赲
ʲôôܣ

ͬʱڰУ֪˫۾һС



182 Σ£
ȵǣһ
ڰ֮һ˫۾һУü˸֮ǰİ׷ʦ
գĲʣȻԥΣȴû֡

ˣѪˣй˼ûг֣һĻ
վУһƬƧӰУĿ¶Цûп˵
ڴʱǼ˹˼һĻ
һİˣΪûзʹǿѨڵߣҲһ˲䣬û
ƣƺƵ赲ݻһУɨһС

һ춯صŭŲҽУɫ⣬ûһֻֻ״赲Χ
ȻƷķڵһʱͱˮ˺ƬһƺߣߵʮͷͻѪܼѡ
ôܣ
ţţһһε˵ķΧ
Ȼһ˲䣬˶Ȼӣµľ֮γɣɫͬԾһɲ֮ˢϡ
ۡ
һɲ֮䣬ȫȻѣƤȻʯҲһɲ֮䣬ϸϸܵѪ顣
ɫֲȻһȣֳһ̽Ѫĳ
ǳ𽣡
ȣ
ָ߳գ֮ϣðֲ磬ֱһ֣ɫĽ⣬糵һɨܵˡ
䣡
ɨܵİ˶ʱΪ֮һգһԲεĿȦ
ѹʱһȻһ쫷Ľŵӿ
۷轣С轣֣˵ʵһ˷ֿ˲Ч
Ȼʱѵ
Ӱָ
һ̣Ӱָ߶˼ӰΣûûз޾֮УǷʤ
ʹߣΪûаССԪڷڣԸûзһС
˵ʱȻΪʲôϵǰ˳ӡ
ĸ֪У֪Ӱǻڲ࣬УͰ֮ǰߵѨߡ
֮⣬ѨǿߣҲԱߣԴˣиоΪܶԼɶв
ΪֻҪԼȳ֣᳡ϵ飬ʸطӰġ
ֻҪƾѨڵʵʹ⼸֣ʹУҲɶߣŷӰȥ
ҪȻƾһССĻԪں󱲣һԷô࣬öԷԶ
ĿģΪܲսֱ֮õ֣Ȼٷô顣
ֻҪ֣ôȻͲк±͵ϮΣա
ֻû뵽ôʶȤ˵ȻйǴ˷ʤ

ԣ϶ǰеļѨǿ֣߳ĿĲΪ˰ΪԼȵõӰٳҳ֣ˮ㣬Լߡ
ˣ

ը˷Σȫڵֵ֮ϣûע⵽ͻȻָ
ʱ
ۡ
һָ׵ȫϣȫǻҪѨ߻̹һ˸˲顣
һγȥ϶ʮСһСĿ׶Ѫ
ߣ
һŭɫҧһ߹̫澢ٴһ㵭ĹĻǰγɡ
С
ʹӰָ֮ʹŹߴƷϽףʹʱѾʩչ˱ԪѪʵǣʹ͵Ϯ޷
Ѩǿ߾ѨǿߣʹҲԶͨ˿ɼ
ɴݽӰָϣȻҲֻһƤ֮ˣڣһɿֲճ֮赲ס
Ѫ⣬ǣƤĤ·ͬһʱѹ˸޵һ㡣
ָɽʶ֮£޷룬˲ɢ
ǣ벻ƾһ㹥ܶԸһλѨǿߣ
ԣʹһʱˣҲԶ첻ɶӰ졣
˾ּЦһмʱУȻһöɫѪ߰ߵ
壬壬塭
ҡͭ壬ɲ֮䣬ɫȻһһĪľ֡
ô¸ˡ
һɲ֮䣬Ȼγɵķɫ֮£˲·һɢ
һȻĪĿ¾ͬͬһʱڼѪ⡣
ͷ·Ҷţһ㣬ڵĽ⣬һ˲λɢһѪ֮
һ٣֮ǰǿгſİˣ˲ٴΰû
һΣû˷벻֣ɲ֮䣬һľһ˲Ǳ٣ݿ塣
Ӱ֮УΧ۵Уһ֮󣬰ʧͬվһµĺ֡
ǣɽʯ٣ϳֿӿݵĿ׶ˮ妶ĺۼһƬ⣬һЩС޵ʬ塣
ĩգͬĩգ˹ȥѾʧԭأֻһֻϱۣѪˮˮ沨ȥ
⡭
˵һٿǸȫ鷦ͷð԰亹İˣһɫˣһԼ۾
ѨͰˣ
ңǰܵĪ˾춯أ
ˣ˼飡



183 Ԫ
ԭһƬž
УһƬУ̧ͷسܿһۣһ˾תһ·򣬳ŶϷȥ
ŵˣǱǰһĻޣŵӲûһˣҳһģ˵ˡ
ȫͨ˵İΧȦΧ˺ڰУڽ˼ܿ죬ͳʧҲһ˿ۼ

ˡ
µı꣬ͬһ㣬ħɽ͸
С㣬ҵľ֨֨죬ҡΣּ䣬һҹħɽʲôҲ塣
ȻɽУԱܹһӰһϮȻʱѾԭɫ°·ˮȾ͸ɫ԰ף
ܵһ£ȻۡһһѪ
ղߵ̫澢̫ˣȻʱñԪѪȫѪǿȥһɲ֮䣬ˡ
ʩչž󣬸洦ΣķĻУʱߵΪ״̬Ѳظʱڷ
ԶƺһɽҰڣԿ塣
ԥһ˽ȥֽܵѨڸϣţŶѨȥ
δ𣬵δ𣬵δ𡭡
ѨˮѭȥǶѨ֮лˮ£ʯ棬εˮ˳ŶѨ££γɲԲҵС̶
̶ˮ̣һӲݣһβ㣬¿ϲ಻סҲʵǼʵˣ̶ߣȥͳһһ
壬͸ˬ
ĵһо̶ˮϵľȻһ㣬͸֮Ȼ䣬ȫȻһĸо
ֻѪȫȼͺƽʱ޶ȵش߶ԪѪĸоơ
ضһֱ棬ϸܷ֡
֮ͬǣ֮û߶ԪѪ֮Ļ񽥽
ͷ֮Уһд飬Ȼ֮䣬ϥ£о֮УһһԪڵƿ⣬
Ҳ֪˶ãֻ֪ΰתΪתΪΰת֮󣬺һڣȻһδıըһݣֱ
飡
һָһӰεֱָӻǰĶ֮ϣĶڣʱһСָС
ף棬¶һ⡣
˼ӲʯڣȻǱһָ͸
Ӱָڳ״ɣһ¥ǰͬն
ͬʱҲڻָƣ·ˮһȥ»Ȼʡ
һĨϵǾ߼ժ£һöµĴ䡣
漴һݣƿڵʯתķ򼲳۶ȥ
ʱ䲻ˣҲ֪ῪʼûУϲϣҪġ
⣬ưֳڲ֪ˣֻһöӦ¡
˵ˣǵǳһ˽
ƾǵĻǣʹʲôӦΣգӦҲѲǡ
ߡ
ӰԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬գȻԽƽʱӵļޣ˷·һֻɫĴڼٷɱ
أ󣬾Ȼ˷֮һ㵭ɫ磬γɡ
ϲ֪Ȼ֪ԼʱľٶȵΣѿصֻ֮ǧеļٶȣѾѲԼˡ

֮
ڻص
һĵؽ磬о˲ͬ
ˡ
ˡ
εһЩڣҲȫɫεĸڸŵӼҪ˵һЩƽʱʮֵַĳˡ
ʶãЩУͳһɫװؿһ״Ӱģǰ˴֮һ칤ɽĵӡ
һݱ뺷ϴһ˿ǿҵĻϵԪصϢжŮ٣ԲһͲѰڣɱˡ
ǵڵӣҪôǸϽܿҪôǹΨΨŵŵǱ֮Ψֲ
֮⣬һϮؿһССɫ¯ģǰ˴ţһڣš
һϮɫƮݣģǳڡ
ɫƮ裬°һʴ󻨵ģ¥
һ£ƴʬɽѪɱһƬСɽӰ͸¶һаɷģǰ֮Уһħڣаɽ
һ£𻪸߹ؿһ˶֣ɷģǰ֮Уꡣ
֮УΨһڣһɫģؿһСĻͼ
ͼһعϵζϺһڣ¡
칤ɽаɽ꣬£ΪټŮԵӡ
ţڣŮӸ룬εΪ׳ۣÿߣΧһȺڵеӣֺڡ
֮ҲŮӣҲ࣬ռ֮һ
֮УΨһŮԵռֻһڣǾǰ˴֮УΨһɣ¥



184 
ԣ¥ĵģߵģһѵΧţǰ
һϮӷװȺУҲۡ
ûٿЩڵĵһۣһݣֱǰ浤塣
Ƭ֮ҵư֣ӣһã˶£ƽ
ңưѾ׼չأ°ö׼Ԫˡ
Ѿﵽʮ۷壬ͻƻԪǰ϶顣
ӣҪ
ԴˣȻ֮ͬΨףأ˵һֱ֮Լ뿪֮ĸԾ
δ췣֮£ֻ˵һӣǿ߳Ҳδɡ
ϾţӵзӰϵ˲򵥣Ұ˳֣踣죬ҲΪˡ
֪нӴڵӣԼμӳҲȥ
ص֮һ
ħɽ֮в֪˶ãã˳ϳĿʼңͻƵ˻ԪڣӰָɣٶ˳ԾļʵѾǡ
ҪǣĵѪͷӰ
ӰڻӲ˶ãֻͼ֮Ѫ壬ȴڳ֮ϣһǿɱﵡ
ţʹǰʮһȡһĳɼˡ
⣬Ѿ㣬ǾȴĿʼˡ
Ҳûɽڻ֮ϣԼͻƵľ磬ϤԼոմ
ڶ죬죬ٴɽ׼μӳʱܵһɹķΧ
š
ŵգͬɽһ֪˴ŵļλλͬʱ֤ʵһϢ
ֹܣħŰ飬ڣڣͬء
Խ飬̽ڷӡħͷڣٴμǿӡ
ֹΪ˲μӳᣬԭڡ
ͬʱǾ֮󣬰ں󱲣սȥμпĴս޵Ĳпᣬɳ
Ϊоһɾķ꣬޵ΣȻµڶӲ֪ڸ֪ɷ꣬Ѿһˡ
ʮ֮ǰ㽥иֶʾ޵УĴԳص顣
ּħѣѵḶ́ԽԽ죬ԽԽԿơ
˳˺ǿӡҲû취ǵȱֳ־ż޷׻ɱħͷǾ͸Ӳˡ

߲ľ˲֪Ҳ֪ڳ֮󣬼һ֪޵֮·
İ飬ĥƽǵֻʶѪᣬɥʹһİں󱲵ӣܽɳ
ҲǰڣòµһΪսƬն֮أԶЩѰӣܹģϽ⴫
ֻжӣĵӣ洫ӣȵȣΪһСˣͰսӣϣִǣȥĵط
Ϊǰ벽ѨѨѨ۷壬벽֪١
ҳ꣬λǿ
ս½Χһ֮أӣŰ겻̫ʣµֻʣɱ¾ʮֲʺ
һǧǰħĽ٣֮ϣһʮֿµĿռѷ졣
ѷͬһռУϵؽһλλ͹죬ײѪħء
տʼʱ޵ֲʧأ½֮һأȫЩħռݡ
ħԴԴӿռѷ֮ӿϮ½֮ơ
֮ׯ𣬳Ϊƽأ󼸺⣬һƬģʲôҲ£ȳ
ǧǰһʮǿɣڵİ˴ţΪǵ·ϣգûһӳ
˴ʹ˼ʹ˼ɳ˵ʱǿսңصĴ֮ڽϵ˱һСط
ҲǴռѷķԲ
Ȼط֮Щħƺ֪ʲôҪĶҪػȻȻϧ׷Ա赲ٶȡ
ʧأòͣΧĽŲ
˴ĴսʵҲ㵽һҲ̶õ龰ˣ֪Ҫһͷܡ
ǰҲԸԼȫ£аٷ֮ʮϣ
ԣھ֮ķΧߣɰڲʱɳӽȥΧˣμֹ͡
ͬʱԼ󱲡
Ҫǣ뿪ǼʮСٴλ½
ˣ㽥һ֡սħĵһߣҲҪһߡ
粢ڿƽȫڵħĵ·ϣˣڵĴڡ
ȻʹǧҲƽ˲һľ룬ڣǧǰҷ
һ룬ЩħƺҲû˽˼ȫǵĴ󷽡
ģγɹűѪǰߡħһңң
ʱħߣɱҲʱаڵӣħأֻҪ࣬ħһ㲻ʡ
֮䣬й
ڣھ֮󣬽һ죬ȫԪϵĵӣսɳԽ
һΣµľж
ʱ򣬰ĵж١
ǣ޵磬޵硣
ǰֻ֪֪ƽ͵֮ףڣ֮ÿˣֻȥƴδ޵磬鳾û
޵ܱܲסһ˿֣ҲȫһЩˡ
꣬һƬ谵
һ磬ʱӿ޵硣



185 
Ҫ𣿡

ײӲ֪һصأһվľɫ߷壬߷֮ϣһɫʯ
ʯУڸ߲üһãһ
Ҳͬ⣬̫Σգ
У
У
飡

һԵ֣Ȼ׵Ȼƽ˵һ仰
ȷǱ簮ǵ𣿡
޵δ˭縺
ԣЩȺ鼤ȺȻ;Ĭ
ɫʯУһ㾲š
ʯףһɰɴŮӣ飬ͬһˮ֣ʣƴһƬա
һۣ̾һڵɣֱ
˵꣬һ֡
˶һۣڣߵڶλһˣһߣаɽӣӲηս
˵꣬Ȼ֣Цſܱߵļһۡ
ߣ
ԣһˣصӣɲаɽ
˵꣬Ҳ֡
أ
ɴŮֿʣˡ
գһ̾ϢһۺУ֣һӷҷȱ
ĶģѾһѾͬʣˣһۣڣһ̾ϢĬĬ֡
ֻˣԥΣջû١
á
˳ɴŮϯӶȻͬԶͨǾһ̵Ŀ񻶰ɡ
˵꣬һȻֱӴӺȥˡ
ڣҲֻʣһ̾ϢԷ׷׸ȥ

ʮ塣
ĵһ⣬֮ʱͷˮĻһƹѤʤա
һһڰɫ壬Ǽ䣬ͬ߾ջء
۾
ڵô
ϰɫʦõʯǰһ񣬶ŶŻ
ʯУñĿӦȥӰ΢΢һЦ漴ٴγĿ֮С
ɫ԰ף͸һ˿죬ƺѾҪѹƲסڵˡ
Ȼûи˵Ҳٽš
Ƭ̺
ڣС
һϮ£С
֮⣬ǰʮӣѾȫüһãεΪ׳ۡ
һУӦһƵĿѭĿȥϣ㿴ڣʥ
˿̣ԷϱһŻƹ⣬ס˸ҪƷһ㵭ѹţǿҪͻѨˡ
Ϊ˲μ쳱ᣬڣʥѹΪɱڰ벽ѨӣѹƵʮࡣ
ǣϣȴȫȻ⣬һۣ¶һ˿ĪĮȻЦ⣬漴ֻعͷָƽ޲̬
״΢΢ҡҡͷûзϡ
ĳ綼Ҫ䵣ģˮͶѡ
οԼڣҲȫ޷֮
뵽ԼͻƻԪڣӰָɣٶҲ֮һΣѪ챦ʵ
еģҲ֮һЩ
ڵһˣڣʥȣԻԲ㣬˵Ϊǵ֮𣬾ǹٵо飬Ҳûһܵеùڣʥ
ΣԼɱﵣҲô׵ġѨɻɱοһСС벽Ѩ
Ŀ⣬䵽˵ϡ
ڣʥʮˣһУΪͬҲ졣
裬ͬһŻƹڲ˸ȻҲͻƵƿѨԶ
ϢԨɲ⡣
Ʒޱ飬ʲôվԱߣһЦݣǫ
俴ʲôı仯ǣԸӦǻ˿ڣʥ֮¡
ֱ˵Ѫ̣΢ѷɫҲﵽ˰벽Ѩǳ룬ҲС
ڵˡָӡˡһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ԼݲĵڰˣھˣʮˣʵнȫǻԪ۷ϡ
Ӧѩ飬ϣһϢɲ⣬ﵽ벽ѨΪ
ϸȥϸеâ˸ۣͬԽӽ
һԲ֮ڣ͸оһĽĪи
ҲȺ֮пԪ˼Ͼ飬ˣ˵ʮСӣ֮⣬ΨһһҴߣԪס
Էεؿһۣ㼴عͷҲ䵭Ƴһۣ㼴ӡ
Ͼ飬΢һͷԪ˼һֲĸоָоڵһˣڣʥϣҲûио
Ϊʲôˣֻ֪СӣֻˣһΣΪǴﵽ˻Ԫ۷壬ԪҲǲԶ
Ƭ̵֮Ȩ棬λϣǰ
ʮ˵ľòһۣȻһǰĽԾ޷ͻһ촽漴΢Ц
ܺãһµصؿţûʧҪʱ̡
죡
ɣĶʶȫӦԶ˳Ƿ˾ʮ죬¡
գǾͽڵĶӣһϸ£гΪǿʮ֣ڵ
ʤߣ٣ߣ衣ǣҪûҵ
䣬䣡ԶȻһ춯صı졣
˱۾ʶȫֻͷȻһ
ԶƺһˣͬŭһȻϸ߿գڸ߿ɢ·̻һ׹飬ˮ棬졣
ʺ綫˳ǧ
⣬Ǵ˵еĳ죡
ˣһ¶֮ɫ˵ˣѾʮڵӣҲһԽ
ÿһֵһĳ˱оȫѪҪ
ŵʢ䣬бڣͬĵط
ʮ壬һһȣڵˡ



186 дϼ
Ҫŵ߷塣
ԣ˵񣬾ǴڵӣֱһĸʤأžԱ֮顣
ȨһٸĲٴǿһ֮漴͵˾ͱɳӴڵˡ
ֵ˵飬ǽӴģǰ֮Уҵһɣڡ
ڡ֣΢䣬漴ٴεʹüĿû
ͬˣڡסġԺȥһߣһĬĬ˼
û뵽Լ뿪ڣ󣬽գȻڵӵݣӴڵѵĻᡣ
ˮת·ܿ仯Ī⣬˭˵׼أ
ڳڣĸܸӡ
Ͼ˼꣬Ȼеġ
ȻҲĮ̬һЩ۵ѹ
ʱѾԼһڵˡ
벻񣬻лټ
벻

Ժһľ޴ɫͥԺ߷֮һ콣塱֮¡
Ϊѧ߱һԱͽ
ǵһ߽콣塱
ɽ壬һ콣߸ߴĻ֮Уɽ嶼ߣâ¶
;ɫ洦ɼʹһЩҶУƺɢĽ⡣
ڣһɫͥԺߵŶ۾ͼһԾ޴ĻơգԺС
漴һ̸ۡ
ʦֵġϽԽԽˣһһʽͬ˿ɾѵý衣
٣ʦֵġϼҲãһһƶʽͬѽ
ȥȻƮݵӣԺǽ֮£һǰȽ
һ磬ÿһγشС˿˿˿˿֮
ҶΪмƮ裬Ρ
һͬƵζ˿˿ɫӽγɣҶɨƽ⣬൱
ԺмһعͷȻΪ׵һ֣ʦܣʦܣˣˣƽЦ
˵꣬Цվӭ˳ڵ磬λʦʦʦʦã
˳λȥͼ˴ʮּ򵥣һϮͨͨİײ£ֻ»ͨĳڵӣҪ˵ݻĳڵˡ
òҲʮۣͨΨһ˼סǣһֱһº͵Цݣһûн͵ķ
ǽһǣǰ޵޽ҲûκιԵֻһѴɺһ衣
ҶǴ̵ĲҶԭҲͬһ𣬵ǰȴȻҲͬᡣ
ңʦˣ
ԴˣĿⶸȻһܵһΣ
ΣĪһֳӦѩ飬ͬ⼸ӣûһָо׷崺磬ܳæ
Ժǽ£ǰڵӣͬԼæս˵һԣ
ʵͣȻҲܴڲμεĳᣬȻƺ޺ʮֺ£ִһ˿
ţ磿
֣˶еʮİ󲿷ˣû˵
ôڳڴֻ֪꣬ڱһӣоҶǲǵĴʦ֣׵ľֻ֣ͻѨ
ΣڵϣûоҶ֣û
磬Ǵðģû˾͸Ҫ˵ˣƺһҹ֮ðģȴܴڣݵλɲˡ
˵Զڶͨڵӵʵ
λʦʦȻˣָһλСʦܣΣ
˵콣ӣǲͣ⼸ҲϧԵһ֣뼸λʦʦܣĳССԸ
Ҳ⼸ɲĵʦܣʶһ¹ŸĽ
׻˵޵һ޵ڶڣרɣʱûг֣Խɣȴֻ
ߣһǳڣһ
ڣɣ֮ڣڣר
УԽڣ죬磬һλڴˡ
ȻҲȻ֮Уȴ콣ס
ԣУҲһ޽ɡ
ˣϿȻЦ̣Уȴ̽ҲڴᣬӦ֮塣
ԣ޲һݣǰһˣ
⣬ν˼Ȼǿʲôķ羰ǽ⿴羰ĻᣬɵӣндĻѡ
˭ʤ˭ֽдֳ
ȻһͿ⣬˽С
ߣӵʮ֮½һˡһǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
ֻɫ䣬Ȼһָʦܣȥɣ
ң
һ㶣Ӧʦ㣬ҿɲ콣ӣܴ콣ս
ȻͬʱţӦѩһڵӣɲǡ
ϣӦѩΪʦ㡣
ҴΪʦʹԭ󣬵ǰ棬Ҳʦơ
ĹأͬʱҲ޵Ĺء
˵оУȥɣɲҪû档
Ӧѩûиı뷨˼״ԥһ£ԣվ˳ڵӣʩһ
λʦָ֣̣
᳤ڰµӿɫǲһ䣬վλоԷֻһֻСϺס
ԷһֻСϺǶǲǷˡ
ŭȴûһ뿴վм䣬ǰ΢Цµӣ硣
⻰ȴûпǣŶӦѩ۾Ƭ̣Ȼ΢΢һЦҲãȻӦʦᣬĳʦܣ԰ɣ
ǡ
ĻµУһվ˳һֲмص룡
룡
žӰ죬һδκһͬڡ
վڳ룬һʱɱ


187 ڴ
ڵӲûϳǳͽҲûпϡ
ϾģֻһЩͨ۵ӡ
ڣģɶǳһľӢӣ߸һ
ҲûǴк˼
аɣ
ڵƽ޵ؿڵ
ǿͣȳ
£
ƽ޵ĳڵٸϻֻսپгһ飬ʱһ׹𣬴Ŀ֮
һ̧֣̣ߵһģһĽ⣬ͬʱؿߵ㺮ǡ
ý
ʦֵΪԽԽˣһнʽӳĿ˵ޱȣԷһоҪˣ
һڳڵӻ̾ȻһУȴƲֻ˫ĿоһţһЩǵ㡣
ħͫ
Ҫ̵üĵ˲䣬һ֣顱һ죬˶벻鷢ˡ
ǣ
ڵеĳ˶ıڶָ֮ڣԷʹȥȴ˿
⡭
ôܣɺϰɣ
һڳڵĿ࣬Լ۾ֻΪ׵İӣָʱĿɫһţȴûп˵
٣
ƽû뵽ԼȻһͱԷסʱͨ졣
ʹȫȥȻȴ޷ӦԼĽ⣬Ȼʯ֮䡣
֮٣ֻǰӣò飬ڴʱȻһɡ
飡
һ㵱
ΪӦϾʱ˵УŲһɨɳ־ڳһɨ֮վƽ
Ҳ
ɫһг˲䲼һ㵭âһɨ
â֮
ڵ۾һڴ
Ȼ棬״ǲΪ֮һɲǵ˲䣬ٴ֡
΢΢һ٣顱ֶָ˲䳭һƬ֮С
һ죬ƽ޵Ľ˸һ㣬ָ֮䣬ͣס
ôˡ
ڵİµ磬һ漴ڶӦѩ΢ЦڵΪˣʦܲǶ֣֣ͣЦˡ

Ӧѩ۾УҲ¶һ˿ɫ˻֣ȥ˹֣á
ԣ֮ǰһţĳڵӡƽޡʱͨ죬Ҳ˵һߣ࣬ҲûҶ˵һ仰
Ӧѩ鿴磬صڣλȥ۾˰ɣ
µ΢΢һЦҡͷˣ羰ѾȷʵʤգҲͲҪȥʲôĵطˣֱȥ۾̨Ⱥʽʼɣ
ӦѩҲһϲ˴򽻵ˣ񱾾ǿɵɣԣҲûʲô飬ֻǵصҲá
һȺˣˣֱɽ

Ĺ۾̨һߵġ۳¡
ƽͨǽģͨһأʿʱʱء
ÿʱ򣬴˴ضῪһΣӣл룬һ۲׺֮ʢ
ͨţš
۾̨֮ϣúľդֳ˾Ÿ޴򣬰˸ǰ˴ŵӸԵĹ۾һǰ˴ŵ죬ܽĹ۾̨
ͬʱҲҰλѵһ۾̨
Ҳû˱ʾԣϾλ߾λߵȨӦѩˣֱӰѳһȺӣĺſ̨
ĺſ̨ҲרΪڵ׼һſ̨
վ̨ϣһɾ޴ȳ֮£Ʒӿ˹

˳ӿʱţԽԽߣͬӣȻ˷֮ƣǽ¡
˷ɽͬʱһε΢΢һ˻·мɢ
齦񣬾޴죬˶Ĥɫ˳ʮɸߣһ¥Ӵƣֱһɽѹľ
ʹһЩ˾ڵӣҲɫ΢䣬ɲЩվסţҪЩһιڵˡ
ֻýסΧĺľդɫòҰףоµĺľդһһΣƺʱе֮Σգ˶࣬ܡ
֮һ˹
һſ̨֮ϣԣĿӰ̨֮ϣӹ۲ŸڵķӦʱͷʱҡͷû˿塣
һ£ҲԿ֮Ϊ˿̣治ɫһվ˳ǰصģһǸΪᶨ֮ˡ
Щˣǰμӳᣬɳˡ
糤ڵĺſ̨վǰģͨȻʼһºЦݵİµӡ硣
ֻվ¾Ͳһ磬ǰһդţҪʱһŲããŭ
֪ʱѾһ̽âˣӺζȻ֣ôһرС
Ȼϥ£ǳʪ̨֮ϣϥϺֽϵƣһһڡ
һɿɲĽƣڴͷȻһõİɫСӭźˣȻ¡
飡
˲ɢͬһ룬Ȼʿ㲻ȣ߷ֵ¡
ǿԴɽʯľ޴˳֮ڵµӣȻһͬɾ
ǣľ
üë΢΢һȻΪ׵Ӧѩ顣
Ӧѩ۾䣬ֻǵĳӿһĽϻ˿
˻ߣԶһϸϸĽâָСƬͬʱ
⾳硭
΢΢һֻ̾£λӦʦĽ֮λڵʦ֣Ϊ°
콣壬һεȷһǲ֪⼸̨ˣ



188 ƻ
һ޴ĺҳ֮ϣΧżȦªդڣʥһ£վϣվżŮ
Щˣǰ˴֮һĵӡ
ڶ֮ǲԶͦ磬ΪߣһĿӢʱйЦݵˡ
ɢ죬ʹվȺУҲһû˯ѵı顣
󣬱һĹҵĲƺװʲô״һΡ
Ȼڣʥ΢΢һЦڣ֣֪һʲôɫŮûУûУҿλ겻ģУҪһ˲Ҵţó
Ǻǡ
ڣʥԣͷһۣ˿飺乫ӣûŮ𣬺αҪܡ
ô˵
˻ҪȥȻڣʥѾһתֱݵһդ֮ϣ
˴½Ʈȴðˮ齦һĻò̾ѣʹЩӣ۾Ҳ¶پ֮̾ɫ
ٿΪ׵ˣ꣬ӣ㶼üƺԶһЩ
״еЦȴûиղаһ˿
ڣʥıӰٺһЦȴû˵ʲôһ䣬ֺܿɢı顣

ſ̨
ƮƮվɽۣ֮ν¾ף鲻ҲûסˮˣǴʪա
ߣվһѪӡ
аĮ΢΢ضԶˮˣƺ֮
û˸ҿ֮ڣЩͬѪɫۣаɽĵӣҲ㶼ߡ
ֻһʮᣬӵһӤգʮˣվһ
裬ûпʼôҶѾȵÿ첻ͷˣ
Ȼһ˴ѪȻһ֣顱һ죬һѪƷɳսǵ˴ɢ
ѪȴȻͷվһ迪ʵ
ˣˣѪֺαżķ羰Ҫȴܿõġ
Ҳͷش
Ǻǡ
ѪһЦĻش𣬵û˵ʲôĿԶһͷı顣

ſ̨
Ʒɱʮ칤ɽӰΧУȻȴһ⡣
һɫۣһȫ
󣬱һŵĳĿӳϸȥͻᷢ˫Ŀ΢΢𣬾ôվͬһƬռ䡣
վ֮أӰƺطһЩеˣܲþ֮ܿ衣
˴ǰʮߵľ룬·ܵţԶɢ·һԾغ档
ƷĿϣɫҲһƬ֣أܵһɴ̹ǵĺ⣬ֱϮͷ
Ȼ壬ͨӣȴǱһ۶ҡ
ˡ칤ɽôһ
૵صԼʱˣȻûܻش

ſ̨
һεı飬һˡ
һ£ǣһʮȣȤؿ񾩡
󣬸żŮӣһɴ֮ǰħɽгֲ֣μ޳Ů
գߡ
֣㻹û׷λһô
٣ٺ١
ô˫һ֪ʱȻһ棬һصʲôʱ㡮׷繫ӡ׷Ȥ˵ˣ
񾩳ƺΪ׷繫ӡ׷ӹһЦ˵ҵȻܣֵ£ȴȤ֪һġôѵУʲôɸ˵ܣ

ѵõָɴŮ콿Ц˴Ȥֲ֧

ߺſ̨
˺ſ̨
ߺſ̨֮ϣѪһվһı飬ûа˵Ծ
ԱߵЩµӣƺҲûҪܵĴ㣬һ͵𣬰ӷ
ΨһˣȽ֣ͷӢֻǴ˿̣ɫҰܣ·һһ㡣
޳ǵڲ࣬ͻϳ˾ǱɷץߣСùӢꡣ
֪ΪΣʱȴֱŹµȺ֮Уҿӣλ͵ӡ

ڰ˺ſ̨Ҳǵڶ̨еӴݵģڵУеġָӡ
οݣݴ࣬ǣָóɡ
㼸֮һѾûѧˣУȴ£㼴ڻͨ¯ࡣ
һţƽʱ˾˿̣ҲĿĵضȺһŮӡ
Ůӣһ£òͨȻվȴһ˵ĸо·һˮĿš
ʵ̫ˣĲòÿһκϢһ̧ͷһüһξ֡
һ·Ҳţ޷ݡ
Ҫݣֻһ֣һɴһһеŮˣʣλãĿУõԸ
ŵһӣ֡ɴ
ʵߣԪڣȻվһȺŵм䣬ȴȺʹЩŵŵӣ۾ҲһͳԵı顣
Ůӣʵ̫
ƽ̨֮ϣֻһˣûпӣҲһŵĵӡ
һֻϮϴЩףԵʮֳ¾ˡ
бһϣֱۺڵ⴦ƽ̨±ϵС֮ϣҡΣƺʱпܵ£˿Σա
Ŀãգеһʪ˵ݣ֪Щʲô
ҰݵĿ֭䵽УȻһزˣȴȻţɴ֮⣬ˡ
˽񡱡


189 
۳¡
ߵһ̨֮ϡ
վһ𣬿ŵµĮ̇Ŀ֪Щʲô
Ȼһ˿ڵױϣڤаδҶȥսһĳᣬҪѷɫٰ
Ǻǡ
ԣһԵȻڣӹȻѷɫǣϲȴȻǿ̫ˡ
Щ˭ڼҴţԸóģһЩɫˣҲмġ

һԽӿڵȺУѾͻѨֻǿѹסˡ޵ֿѨˡ
⣬ˣصøƺ˶Ҫ¡ҿֻɲ⣡
վ̨ϵģǰȨһˣһٶѨڣѨϡ
ǶϿ壬ˣֻʮֲˡ
ԣһʵԵ͵İڸ߲ɻ󿪿ڵ˵ڵ磬ŵķʣ껿գ¥ķ׷Լڣʥ
ҵҲܸоõ˭𣿡
Ǻǡ
ǰ˵΢΢һЦȴûлشֻǿ̾һ䣺һ죬ӢűȻŻ۵ģҲѷɫˡÿһСﰡ
ǰ
һ֮ǰû˵ԵͷĿ¶̾ŵµĮ̇ǲ֪һ죬˭ܶռͷۣһڣۣ֮εĴȵһ
ԣԾǲĿ˸ȻЩ֪òηӵҰģ
ȻһŵӶδǣƾЩˣѾɼһŵĵ̡
ǵĳɰܣҲϵڵĳɰܡ
ԣûġ
ʹЩѨǿߣʱҲһסϢض棬ڴԼһڣһΣռͷһóɼ

ˣˣ
ʱͻȻžͬµͻȻƽš
εĺ棬һ޼ʣֱ֮ͷ
ƣչŸҲԶɻأܵžֺطߡ
Ȼ
Զߣһߣߣͬһʣں棬ź¡¡죬Զƽٶȿþˡ
Щ˻ɻ󲻽⣬ˣȴʲôˣһ˲伤
ʹ֮ǰͷģѪˣ񾩵ȣҲһվֱӣ۾Զȥ
¡
һ죬Ȼ֮䣬ͬһ޴ĻڣףߵǰȻһʮ¥ߵľˣһڲԽԽߡ
µĺˮɫĺˮӿϸ߿գһ죬ڣֱ߿գγɫɫʣߣγһĿĲʺ硣
߳Ҫˣ
ɻ˲䣬˸оµ¶Ҫ޴˶Ĥۣһǵأ·ѹµĿ¸оֱϮ
һ̣ǵµİͨӣǸ߸ϵľӢǿߣһɫ֮֮ܵС
ضȻһڣ̧ͷһ㼸ʮ¥ôߵľˣֱֱ£¡潦˾޴һһ£齦񣬷һ졣
һλڵ٣Զһ˸߹һˣһδƽһ
棬˻γɳ壬纣֮ϣȻʢ˾޴Ļ䣬һƬ֮ϣȻ˼ʮ߷塣
ɢ־£߷ص£𡣳ף𺳣涼һ̷֨֨ѽѽ޷ɡ
˻ͬһʱӿϸ߿գжȻ˼ʮҫ۵ѩ壬εΪ׳ۣΡ׳
һ̣ûʲôܱŴͣǵľ̾ˣжһ
ӿΪϵ
߰ɣĳᣬҪʼˣ
Ӧѩ鿪ڵ漴Ҳ˻شһݣ˾ֱӴӿ̨£ǹ֮УȥգһСڵ㣬û뽭в
˭Ҫʲôô
һЩ󣬲׳صڵӣ¶ЩԼ۾
˱ΨֲȻͶ󳱣޴һ˻ʯҲ˲ҵ÷飬Ѫ֮ⷲȻ֮⣿
ȻЩɻ˲䣬һýӰ·Ͷ֣˲ӸԿ̨Ծ£˫չ绬һ㣬ɱããŭ
¡
޴˳ϣ˶˲ʧӰ
Щˣڣʥ裬Ӧѩ飬ҲڣǼΪ׵ӡ
ľˣһɴ󾪿ֵ˫ۣ˿԰ס
ˣˡţЩ˶Ҫˣ
Ȼɲӿ޴˳ϯղǼʮӰȴײ
ȻĲô
̨֮ϣԽԶĺ棬˿֮ɫڴ΢ЦŹκһ˲
Ȼ͵һʮ˷ͬһشŵѩչ
ڴʱۼ⣬Ȼһָ˳֮УǼʮ·˳֮ϵӰе쿴
˻ͬһɫ޾ں֮ϡȼʮˣɫ޾м䣬ŽŲסˮΣԼڱ޳û
ǧ
һˣɶÿһתǡôرܿ˻վƽ˾ĵطŷڣ׵ĸ߿ա
ת
һˣչһݣѾԾһͷŽż΢㣬ѾͬӥһԾֱԽߵĳ壬ͬͻȻڲʺ롣
漴Ӱ£ź֮һ޴ĸ·ʶȥ
ˣ
״ӣʹֶΣɫĹ·β磬Ӻ󱳡
ȻӾƱ۾һ㣬⣬ЩҪ󱳵һ˲䣬ͷһЦһݣѾܿеĹ
һתѾֱԶɫ߷ȥ


190 ֣Ԯ
̶Ƭ̼䣬ͷ˳
ڵһݶӵģ칤ɽˣаɽѪˣڣʥŵɢеӣ¥꣬ڵ磬ˣһˡ
˵ʵԶΪߣԸһͳ˵ǰ棬ٶԽԽ죬а˶Ժĸо
֮⣬мˣҲС
Щˣ裬Ʒɣ񾩣Ӧѩ飬аɽǸһֱѪʮ֮꣬ǰһֱ󣬲֪һŮµùӢ꣬ԼŵŮӣ֡ɴ
⼸˵ʵҲǳǿʹ֮һݶҲ֮ԶǼʮ룬ǵڶݶȺ
󣬾Ԫ˼Ͼ飬Ԫףƽޣ֮ȵȣڵӣʵǱȽϵͣ
ĳᣬͱĲһ
ƴ½أں֮ϽС
ҲǴʲǫ̂սĴ󺣴УǰУնˣͷʮּѡ
ңҪʱִֵܳˣз˵İִ֣ܵ泱ڣԼֵģĸ֣ǼƾԹˡ
ЩˣȺ˳ȷΡ
֮ԲŲ̄սǱһڶ뷨ķʽֻǣ浽˱У˭˭
˵ֱԶϤ½֮ϸѡ
ģǸڵ֮ӣҲûһ˻˵ηѵĻ
֮ǰʹáתĵӣٶȺܿ죬һˣ껣һѪߡ
ʵѴﵽ벽Ѩһǳǿ֡
ľתҲ¥УһŲɶõƷӽƷ
Ȼǰһ˲Ͼͱڣʥβ׷ϣڣʥδ֣ȺУһߣڵһݶӵ±ˣȻĳһơ
¡
·һƬѪ꣬δüϲԼڶྺֵΧ㱻һƬѪŭû
飡
һԣʱҲάֲסΣžһˤ亣棬ͷȫ˲ʪ͸
ʹǵڶݶӣҲ࣬Ҫ˵һݶˡ
ޣ
޺޵һѪˮȻҲ֪ǲˣԷֻҪһۣһľĸо
ֻܷ׷ȥڶݶӳƽ
ղ֣ܹļˣʱ͡Цֻ

Ǻǡ
ߣʹáǧˣһɫ£ƮݻԳ԰˴֮һ¥
оԽһתȻһƣҲѧ֮ǰѧ
Ȼ״ȴֻ΢΢һЦһŤ㼴ܹ
˲䣬ºȻֻעûע£˲һͨһˤɺˮ֮С
˵һڶݶӣǸղԼڵĵݶӵˣҲӰ١
֪Լ쳱᳹Ե˺޺޵شһº棬ʮֺڣȴˡ
ڴʱһ˴ͬƽһɽЮ֮Ƴ¡
һ֪ʱӲһ˿һͬ෭ƹһߣܿˣ
û˹ע˵ʧܣϣʧܵˣҪǣ˭Խ壬ʵһ
ԣʹǺ濴̨ϵˣʱҲĿעڵһݶӣ࣬żͷһµڶݶӡ
Ȼ˶Ϊֳʤģضݶˡ
û˿ݶӡ

ڣʥһϮɫ£Ʈں֮ϣһҶƼκδ˴֮裬·û˿һ㣬˵ľˡ
ƷӰӵƺ
ټΪҲԶˣﵽ׼ѨزԼʹûʹȫΰѳŵһݶӵٶȡ
һۣڣʥһ˿
쳱ᣬȻ֪ʮҪǣǸİˣȴɱĸ㡣
ž棬ɽŴʧ֣ŴδѣټڤԨУʮɻɣɶйϵȻûֱ֤ݣֱ
УҲԼֻ֤Լ
Сӣɳٶ̫ˣһУ
뷨һȻȻһͣǵתһͷûȵٳʱȻӵ˵ڶݶӡ
Ŀб˲䣬ڵλãڣʥһЦӣޱεسµĺָ
ûκûûκ
ָ֮һٴμӿŲǰ׷ȥ׷ϵһݶӵȺ
һֱעڣʥжĻȻ⣬Ҳ޶һݡ
ƿղڣʥߵķ򣬾Ҫһ˶ݳ
ڴʱȻ䣬ֻһһĴˣ޶ɣֱԼӿѸͣϢ
⣬ôܣ
Ȼ֪һڣʥĹʵ޷⣬ٱ֮Уµĺ֮£ô˳Լģλô׼ȷ
ʱѾû˼ЩʱˣһѾƾհֱϳ壬գۼ䣬ͬһֻ𰣬ձܹһˡ
ڴʱܣˣΧһȦɭΧС
ͻȻ֮䣬ܳһָɽ
У
ɫһ䡣
ʱͻ޷ͻΧϳ֮ѾƱ£ۿѳ֡
ƺһҿ˫
飬飡
죬˻ɽȻܵ˻ȴ˿ûмΪ⼸ƣп֮ơ
ãԼԽ
û취ˡ
ڴʱһ˷·һת硣
Ȼľ֮УһƬܵһУԲʮж紵ݶȫС
ĸӦ֮УͼһˣƾնֱԼߣһʹʩչƿ˻
ڴʱкӦԺУһӰٽӽһ˲װߣֱȥۿҪû÷ǡ
ڴʱӰѵ¾һϮ£ϻ
ʮ֮һһǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
ֻХһ˫һһ
һͬװĽ˫֮Ӷգۼ䣬˻롣



191 Ʒ

˵Ҳ֣ȫһԹƵˣŮ£ȴȻһֱӵ¶һ޴Ŀռѷ졣
ʱٴһݣ˷·һֻ𰣬
գۼ䣬˻֮гŮߡ
飡
ߺ˻ûĿ꣬ײȻ⣬˻һء
棬һʱǺ¡֮齦
ллʦ㣡
̧ͷʵĳӦѩл
ûԼȻҲа취ȥֻҪй©һЩʵһЩƶѣң˾衣
ڣʥھݲԼ¶ֻ࣬¸ǲݡ
ȻڣʥֻǲԸڵ£ϾԷѶѡ
ţǺ¡
ֻûϵӦѩȻʵһȥڣʥĹ貼µɱ󣬶ң
Ȼע⵽ԼۿԼУȻûᣬǰ
Ȼ֪ʵʮ־ˣһ˳Ծ
޷ԼСġ
Ӧѩ鿴һۣ鲻䣬ƺֻһ΢֮һ㡣
˵꣬һݣһı飬ٴγǰȥٶԽԽ죬Ȼһɫ쫷磬˲׷ϵڶݶӣٶȲȻѸٳһݶӳȥ
ţ
ǰӦһӰѸٱƽڣʥ껿գ磬Ѫĵȣɫ΢䣬عͷ
ǿ׷ģȻֻһزʶĺŮʱֱȵԸӡ
֮УΨڣʥӦѩ֪֮ʵȻҲû뵽ٶȣȻ̶ֳȡ
ԼȫʩΪƷӰ֮ˡ
Ůӡ
üͷ΢壬Ӧ˻ݺһš£Ͼ㣬ǡ
ڣʥӦѩһĨ޵ɱϣȴʲôҲû¶
ʱӦѩ鱬ʵܵв
ߣ
һߣһݶУ˲Ӧѩ׷ϣˣ¶һ˿аЦȻһӭ泯ӦѩһöڵĶ
öڵĶʷΣпգĻҩͰһУ˲䱬ըҩͰ˲ڣˣޱȡ
ȻӦѩˣ񲻱䣬ֻһٶȲ˫ü΢һȦһƽƽ罣ն
飡
һνͷڶڰкȻײ
䣡
һ죬ɢȻͷڶҲڰкȻ壬룬ҩĽ档
˲䣬ԭظһƬɫʬǱ붾ҩȾ֮ܳ꣬׷װŶӣ棬ò
е˼
״ȴûٳ֣΢б¶һ˿ȤЦ⡣

λ͵ôãǲҲõʵʵˣϣ濴أȥֻ»ȥ벻̫ÿ
Ȼ˳ˣϸոոϵӦѩ飬Ȼڵ
顣
ԣȺеѪˣ¶һ˿ĪЦ⣺껿գġسɴ֪ѧ˼ɣգ⺣һȸߵ͡
˵꣬ѪҲ˻شζȻӿ죬˾Ȼͬһֱֻ֮ӳǰȥ
ٶ֮죬Ȼ֮ǰĺ˻Ҫ
󣬳һһģһĲӰͬӰһ㣬ŤӣȻһֹ֮⡣
Ϲ򵽵İƷӰôû뵽ô죬ͽһ̶ˡѪģҵС㡣
˼״һ˿⣬漴һЦ
ٿΣаɽɲĵⱾӰʱڣҲûҽسɴʮø
䣬һµ磬½ɵĺˮ£Ȼһֻͬз緽Բ
˶ûпģֻǰһӰ͸ߴôһ˲
Ȼ̧ۿȥȴָֻԭ
ǣɲ֮䣬ȴȻѾ׷Ѫ˵󣬶ңиϳơ
سɴȻʹڰƷУҲٮٮߣ껿գǲС
״˿þüͷһ壺ˣ꣬䡣
䣬ȺǰĺˣȻָ̧֣ͬһ澹ȻֳһģһѪɫ档
һ֣漴˷ɴܶǡ
Ȼ˭Ҳûע⵽֮УеǣȼС
һĻδʲôڶݶ֮У޳УùץסӢȴɫȻ䣬ͬܵʲôɲĶ
ƷУѪħָ
㾹ȻҶҳ֣ףҪΪ칤ɽģҾ㡣
껿ƽʱԸԴˣֻ˵ķݣб˹
״һ˲ͬƤһȦ
壬ʥ⽣
ϣȻ⣬ЩڷһڰγһƺƵ콣
콣գɢſɲѹź˵ͷ¡
ʥ⽣ѪڰкȻײ𣬵ڴʱѪ֣顱һ˵ؿڡ
һֲ˼֮ɫٶһ˳źԵȥ
ƷУ
УǲǿţнķŭȻһжˡ
ǺûҪղһ£Ѿء
ƷУ
˵ĻˣҲ׷ױɫ
ʹЩе֮ӣҲӵаƷ
Ʒ漰һŵľʽȴӵС
ףû˵ѧƷУŹǴģ
һŻٶȣĿ¶ɵźһ˦󣬳Զɫɽ屼ȥȴ׷ϡ


192 

ȺУֻ˲Ӱ죬ٶȲͬɫɽ屼ȥ
ˣһѪ꣬һǺϣѾгԽ󲿷˵ӣһǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
Ǻˣ֪ΪΣˣȻҲûٳ๥ǽ׷Լ󣬱ֵڶλá
ţ
Ļĵ׶ʱֻڣʥһתҲβ׷ȥӦѩһ֮أҲԶ
ڴʱǺ˶Ȼ̧Ѫɫָγɣƣͬӡ
ڣʥ״Ȼһ㣬ĪΣ֮У˲ͣӣɫʮѿ

ЦһҲμݣѾٴγǰɱȥ
״оϲŭ޳Ҳ˵ʲôֱѾ뿪ԶŸٴηſΣβ׷ȥ
ôһڣղŻڵһݶӵˣȴΪؿ˺һУٶȴأȻ䵽ڶݶӵλá
ȻɫʮѿǣȴƶǺʮη壬ȻҲҳǰȥۡ
˵飬˵˲
һݶӡ
ˣѪˣӦѩˣһȣû˸
ģ壬ɾͲͬˡ
ʹǰΣǰʮΣҲʮҪģʹֻһҲ޴ģΪҲϵŵ档
ڵһתԼŵһµӷ׷һתȻһ̧֣ʳָһһ
һεĽʱͬߣӫӫֱָµӷ׷
µ¥׷״ĿһЦЦһ̧˳¡
˶һۣͬʱ·һ㣬ɿ쳯ǰȥգֻܿһӰ
ڣʥˣĿ϶ȻһӴϢȴ˲ñī
ԾһӺ棬ȻһĳףأȻУȴһָ
ǣӣȴϾ֮ȻȻ˲һ٣ȻԭͣպñܹڣʥͻȻһ
ڣʥһƣں棬ʱ˻Ȼȴû˵ŵɢеӷֺ
ڣʥؿɢеһۣ΢Ȼһﲻμӿ죬Ӱߵɿĳ磬׷׷ȥ
ŵɢеӷʣ΢̣ƺ˿ҲûбͻȻķŭɱһɢеģ
Ǹݶ˶ȻȥԱ˸⣬Ȼٶȣ󣬱ŵߵΡ
ڶݶӡ
Ϊ˵Ĳðڶݶ֮ҲһССĻҡ
ΪΣ˻๥գˣȻ˴ڶݶӣʵȻСûܶҡһĵλ
ڶݶӵڶλģµǸùӢ
Ȼں³˱ǺȻҲһߣΪﵽ벽Ѩ
ٶȣʮ֮죬ͬһӰ󣬱ڵڶݶӵڶλãá
ŵŮ֡ɴ
ӰƮ磬ʹڷ֮УҲˣ˶۾͹ԣŵλá
󣬾ļ֣ʮе裬񾩣Ʒɵˡ
Ǽ˻һۣ˶ԷеĶ־ãԼٶȣ˷·磬ǰȥ
аɽ꣬һƺʤô⣬Ȼ٣һνӣڵߡ
˸еǣ¥ɴŮߣŲһ籣ȻҲܸ˿·磬ˣгԽ裬񾩵֮ƣ˲Ȼ
˵Ҫܶˣ˵һݶӣǵڶݶӣԶ
ݶӣ껣Ԫ˼Ϊס
ǵѪ̣Ͼ飬գ£ƽޣ֮ʮˣ󣬽ŵݶӵλá
滹һЩˣһ϶ξ룬ÿҲ֪ûжϣˣֻģòʲôΡ
ǰμӳģһһٶˣǣֻǰʮΡ
ֻǰʮн
ǰʮǰ壬ǰһͬԽϣԽӷḻԽ
ˣֻڲѡ
磬ʪˮ飬ɫ䣬ٶȴԽӿˡ
ں۾̨˵Уͷ·𿴵һССĺڵ㣬ڷ֮УǰУٶԽԽ졣
ڣǰһɫСɽ׺У֮ͬһڣʱȴôۡ
ϰ˵Ӱͬϰٵ볯СɽȥǰĺˣѪˣӦѩˣѾСɽɡ


193 һ
䣡
޾˻Ϊ֮һɫСɽѾȻȻһƬĦʯڡ
ʯڹ⻬ÿʮɾ룬һСС͹𣬿ɹ
飡
˽Ųһ̤֮϶ʱըһˮεһݣѾʹɫʯɽ֮ϷԾȥ
ȻڴʱɫȻһ䡣
еȻȻ´죬ԭʵԾʮɸߣʱȻʮɶ
ңһָоԼڵĵԷɿٶȣѸʧʧٶ֮죬ԶƽʹһЩļĹ
͸о֮УȻȻһɾԼڵĵһ㡣
ɽй
˷ɽʮ֮ȴԸٶ½õɫȻһ䡣
ʱע⵽ɽ֮ϣÿʮɾ룬һСС͹
ͣЩ͹֮ϣʹߡ
ֻһ˲䣬˾˾
ڵķţ˫üһĿɫһ£˲һµĴơ
䣡
֮УȻȼһ㱡ĺںɫ棬ںɫյնΪ֮һģȡ
칤ɽ֮أƷķ̫Ѫ
䣡
ȼգѹȻһ˵Σһֻڴ񣬶Ȼˣ䣬㼴һ͹
Ȼɫٱ䣬͹֮ϣȻ֣һ֮£ڰȥ
һ٣Ȼٴˤ¡
ô
ʹһҲУһ׾Ȼһ
ڻһ㣬εʯ֮ϣ˿
ֱһӣӦܵһԾ
Խϣ̶ԽߣڵٶԽ죬ֻȫѸ󣬼ֻƾܣʯϷԾޱȼѡ
ˣ˾͸Ҫ˵ˡ
ڶʯڵģаɽѪˣӡѪġ
ֻܣһѪ֮ͬŷűŷʯ֮϶һεĵݣʸݣԮϡ
Ȼܿ죬ɫͱѪ죬вһʯ͹𣬱һĸоɫһ䡣

һѪ֮ϣɫһ漴˲ԽƺȻ
ѹʱΪ֮һᣬ䵽һ͹֮ϣȻ𣬱ٶȣܿ죬׷
ߣ
˻ͷһѪģĮûһ˿ɫһһ¡
ףѪȻһŴޱȵĹ򣬡ɷѪƣ
ѪЦһη壬΢̧죬죡
飡
ڰкȻײǾһ
ʱʵ½࣬Ҳƽɫ
ռ˵ϵƣһ֮ηٳȥ
Ѫˣȴһ֮ζʱ´죬ֵЩźòȶסΡ
Ǻǡ
ѪЦƺ⣬Ǻ˵Ŀ⣬ȴһ˿ɱ⡣
ס

Ϊ󣬺ܿ죬Ӧѩ飬׷Ѫ
ͷɫʯɽһ£ϻӦѩ飬û˿ԥһݣѾεض
ˣ·һŵ裬Ӻ֮һԾͷɫʯɽԮȥ
ţӰ죬ҲһȻΣ䣬治ɫһݣȻڰмת
ͷѪ˸ܵ·Ķɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷţͿ˲˼һĻ
ӦѩԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ȻӰֻһɫ磬󣬾Ȼһֻϼ¿ľ޽֮Ρ
һ֮
ѪɫδͣӦѩӰѾٶȣֱӴƿƶϣ䵽һʯ͹֮ϡ
Ҿ޽Ʋͣܿŵڶʯ͹ȥգԽѪˣۿҪ׷ͷڵһλĺˣס
Ѫ˼״¶һ˿ЦȻ£ռưд˽γ׷칤ɽǸߡ
ȡһҲûô׵ģײ㣬һвĵλһ֡
뵽˴ȴͷ˵ԽԽߣȻԼнģʧټѪŷӦ
ѽãſˡѲΣаɽĶҪΪɣܴ裬ǧ̣
ϣҲ޷ֵæҴҵҲٴΣȥ

ǰڳڴܵĴۣʱ󷽵ˣҲɫСɽ֮¡
ʱһγʱĺϼ˵ģǣҲֳ
ڵһλģڵӣ磬Σ¥µӷ׷
һǰһ󣬼ֻһߵľ룬ͬͬУʱ̣˭Ҳ֪˭ǰ档
ڣʥԼŵɢеӡʡ
ʲڣʥûе֣Ȼǰڵλڵ磬¥ڵӷ׷Ҳʮľ룬Զ
ԶԶţ죬һֱ΢ЦֱɫСɽһ˲вͻȻһССľ⣬漴ȥָ֮ǰɢеģ
û˷⡣
ǰ󣬷׷Сɽ漴׷׸ӦСɽ⣬ɫһ䡣
ǽһʱӢȻΪŵȻѣŷ嶥ʯ֮ȥ
󣬵ľǵڶݶӣ껿գµùӢš֡ɴԼ󼸴ڵӣ裬񾩣Ʒɡ
ʱ¶
껿һȣ˿ɱȣڵһ
µùӢ㣬ڵڶ
š֡ɴˣһߣһɫҩ˲³׷֮ơ
󣬾裬紵ѩ裬ȻҲͬѩһƮ翣СƮѩȻҲһؽ
Ȼʱǵġ
ǰһɾ룬ƷƮƮһϮ£Ȼ⻯֮ˣһߡ
һ̹⣬ͬʺһ¶ȥٶȴﵽ˵ĵزֻڡ֡ɴ֮¡
һƮ죬һ飬һǰһۼķ羰Ϊ֮Ϣ
ǣҲͰˣƷɵʵһΪ˳ƵȻֻһŮڣû˸С
ʱΪǰԭڵλġһǧ񾩼ˡ


194 Ʈѩ
ⳡڵ˿ڣֻǽƷɼɡ
һֱ˶ʵлɡ
ʹսʤԭġ쵶ޡѪ̣ɲΪǰʵ
Ȼʱ˿̣ΪƷɵͻȻòϣ˲ɫӰȻһǵ⡣
⣬ǹ亣棬εǳʽȻ֮һ֮ǰʵͨνģ
գ֮䣬ȻͳԽ裬ٴ׷Ʒɵ
ңһ룬Զ죬󲻷ţƺȻûȫ
һĻԶٹۿӵһ֪һֱСˡ
ǰ壬ΪĲƸΪʵʵز¶ء
¶ģֻҲޡ
Ⱥ󣬸ġ紵ѩ裬״۾дһ˿ľȣ漴ʤĶ
ԥƬ̣ǰԽԽԶӰǵɫӰ۾һȻ¶˾ġ
ֻһͣ˲һξȻѸٸɱ
ڴʱ˫֮£Ȼһ߲ʺһѩɫ
Ʈѩռ塪ǧѩˣ
ĳ֣紵ѩٶȣȻɣৡһԽǰ񾩺Ʒɡ
ԸٶȣǰžŮӣ֡ɴ׷ȥ
ͻȻһĻú󷽵񾩺ƷɲΪ֮һ㵣ûϵȻҲûоȫ
һ˿Ʒȴ˺ս֮⡣
𣡡
Ʒζ˫һչһ㵭ɫٶҲȻ׷
״񾩡ޡһСӣҵϵȫˣǣôҲڷǰ㡣
䣬һϵƿʼգۼ䣬Ȼʹﵽ˽ӽѨĳ̶ȡ
漴һŵɫâ˸糵һת
񾩵ٶȶʱգ֮䣬׷ǰƷɵӰ
˲ͬں֮ӹһʱεΪ׳ۡ

׷ǰʮ˵ĲҲɽ֮ס
ʱݶӵˣһܶˣѾֻдϢ֮ûٴɽˡ
ȺУһ⡣
һˣаɽмŷ磬¥ߣԼȣԼʮˡ
ʮ˵ɽ£ԲͣһɫСɽ֮ʵǶȥ
Ȼһ㣬ʮ˱ͬʱһƺһڵӣ㲻סֵסεļ׹顱һˤ亣棬ڴˮ
ã˷Ӻһߺ죬Ȼԥκȴǹྡྷʵǡ
мŷ磬ߵˣϣʱֳַࡣ
ǰмŷں߸
ʱҲѾϳǸ̤һ籵Ů˭е㾪ȡ
ɴŮߣҲͬʱϳɫʱϲ
ڱУ˭Ҳղ˵Զ΢һͷ漴ʵǶȥ
ţ
ܵ죬ȻתԪѪܶʱһ㵭Ѫɫ棬ŸоѹȻһᡣ
ȻɲɣΪ֪ǰЩˣּѣԲ˼򵥡
Ȼһ֮͹ڰһ٣ûվȣ㵱䣬ֻ
ʱΣֻ¾ŵʮ֮ˣΪڣѾʮˣںϢӵʼʵǣ׷
Ųƣ
ǧһΣ֮УΣȻһ߶ȵŲת
ȻڰԭֻܵΧɾ룬ǣɾ룬Ѿ㹻
Ѿ»ʯ֮һ̤ٴͬһֻ࣬ڵݶӵһˡ
󣬼ʹԭʮ֮һĵѪ̣ˣΪ
ոͻԪڣĵԼͻĽ׶εٶˡ
ʹ絳Ѫ̣ˣҲӵС
ΪϣʤϣȴѾѷһˡ
ˣֻؿţԭеСӣ嵽ǰ档
ٶԽԽ죬ǰһģڵӡ

ǰ
ˣѪˣӦѩˣѾҪɽ֮һڳϣȴ
Цеһʯ֮ϣ̻ʲô
ڡ
һ˵һɽۣʹҲһ㵱ˤһ亹
;УӦѩ鼸ԽԱһƣ¡
ӦѩȻʵϣǣ칤ɽĹˣȴνǳԿղòӵڶ
ɴ˿ɼλ˵ʵȷǿ
ź˵ĵһɽڣӦѩҲϵһݣһɽ壬һױȵĻԻ͡
󣬹ûãѪѪģһһݣ˸̨ԼֻõʮֲԺŭĿӡ
Ȼгڲ࣬ȴ޿κΣֻʱѷŭѹؿڡ
һЦѪ˳˿ڵףţսһʤʱҾҪѽʧȥģӱϻ
Ǻǣ㡣
˿Ϊ⣬һЦصûаѪ˵սС
һԣӦѩϵ÷ۺ󣬲ûȥǾԭأϥϢ
Ҳûв˺Ѫ֮ѡԹۣ˸û˭ȥ
һ¡
ȻڲһԸߵͣҲûֶΣһۣθСˣҲ
ѪһתȻٺЦ˵
ƫͷȥ˫ֱۣһЦû
Ѫ˴ŭ漴ʲôŭݣصԭ칤ɽóƼף칤ɽĵӣҲڹ˵ֻ֪ҷһ
ԸĺˣȻһ䣬±ŵ˫ۣѪˣ˵ʲô
ûʲôҪҪһս
ѪȴƶԸղ˵Ļ˵һһãص
ߣµɣ
˿ۣ۾һĨ޵ɱȴ˼ﳡزԣؿڵ
ãǾһģڶΣУ˭õһ
Ŷ
˭
ԣ˫ĿһУ¿ȥ
ȴ磬׷ڣʥɢеˣǰ˫˫嶥֮ɱ
ϸ˼ΣȴתѪˣʵ


195 ţ
ҷĶԼΪƽȻѡ
˭֪Ѫȴش𣬷̲ص
Ҳã˵ռˣ硣
ٴεͷ¿һۣôһʱ䣬Ѿ嶥Զĳ̽׶Ρ
ʹζѼӿ죬ĿǰҲɻڵİӡݾӵһ
Զ¥ĵӷ׷죬źٶȣһ֮ľ룬ǲ
֮󣬲ڣʥʡ
˵ʣڵλڣʥ׷ˣҲһκܴľ롣
˵ڵλڣʥʮɾŵӷˡ
ֱ˵磬ֱ˵˿ûԵ飬ⳡԼҲû˿ˡ
ˣһЩȤζȻҾѡ׷ɣΣ
¥ϯӣʹߺԶ
׷ĵλ¥У֮а֮аɽڤ֮£Ҷ֮ڳڡ
Ǳ־ӵвĵλ
ˣ˵ûһصֶΣ˭ţ
οȻڱ־ˣϾֻǳһ½ĺӶѡ
Ҫ˵ܽǰʮԽ׷õеĵĵһ˲š
ã׷ͷ׷
Ѫ˿ֱ˰ͷƣ΢ЦڣǼȻΪֱܲ˵ķ׷Ҳķ׷˻ʲô˼
ҾͻһˣҾͶɡ硭
ţ
˲˶ľ֣һĵˣһݱΪȶģԼһǸ硣
ʹĶˣͬӮҲ䡣
ıˣпܻʤıߣôڶĳҲҪࡣ
ԣ˶Ѫһỻһˣôȡ
Ͼаٷ֮ʮʤϣܱҪõöࡣ
ֻǣѪ˿˵֣ȴʮ־档
Ҫ˵ʤ㣬ôѪ˶磬һϣ
ϾʱȷռƣҲ˵׷¥ϯӣһʤ
˭Ҳ֪磬ûʲô˾С
ڣѪȴ˵硭
˷׷Уֻһշˡ
뵽ʲô۾¶˼֮ɫѪˣ㲻ġ

Ѫ΢΢һЦһָȻУĩβɢеӡʡ
ôܣ
ʱɽ֮ϵĳϣǵҲһ
һԶԶ׺ŵӣ۾Ҳӹһ˿ײľ棬漴ڣȤҾȿһյ˭õ
˵ĵٳѾֵǰӵеĵҲеĵһ
ķȻҪ˵û˵ڡ
ߣǾͿŰɡ
ûٷɽ֮ϣһͷ·ٳ嶥Ӱ
ۿ嶥ˣˡ
嶥Ѿֻʣʮɾˣͷ˵ӰԼɼУӹһĨȡ
ǰģԼ볤ڲһˣȻܽǰģѾǿѰĺóɼѾ㡣
ǲܽ⣬ȻǰѾԼգ󣬿һֱһƨ治һֱԼɲͷ̡
뵽ˣٶᣬΪһֱ̣嶥ۿ嶥Ѿֻ֮ң
ԣ׷ƺҲͬз嶥ѽٶȺৡһӰϾҪ׷
ڴʱһȴһƣǶȻ˷׷ǰ档
ͬʱָһһƥ·ѩͳԱѾҪԽ¥µӷ׷ȥ
ѩ񽣣
͡
˸߿֮У֮ƽ˿̷ĽУӹĪһļͬڵ
ȻһУ׷ƺԤϣ֪Է׼
罣д̳һ˲䣬һļ䣬һ͸ʮȡ
ȵһţৡһ򿪣һɫ֮ϣɽˮʮ˵Ļ
Ľ⣬޲ɵģһ֮ϣȻȴ̽
˿ᱡ棬һɴʵ㵽֮ŶȻ澹Ȼ֮
һĪԼĽⶥסʹ޷͸֡
ᣬ¥µӷ׷۾һЦһȻԽ˳ڰµ磬ŷ嶥˶ȥ
ˡ
ȻԤϣȻ濴һĻ۾Ҳ¶һ˿ɫ
Ȼʤֲ֮⣬ǣʤ˵һ̣һ˿ϲġ
߷ϣϣӦѩ飬ͬһĻԸ⡣
ڴʱѪȴ΢΢һЦ˿þɥֻڵδأ
䣬ͻ

ס
̬
磬࣬ܶʱӰӶûеġ
ڴ֮ǰûеĸܵĸֵ壬ʱ˸ܵˡ
ͷ׷ˣ¶ֻһ֮ңۿҪȵϷ嶥ʱ̣ɽϣɽ£˳ԾһĻˡ
ֻԭڵλŵӷʣɲ֮䣬ξȻһģ˵֮ɫٶȶͬһźķ硣
µеݣһݣ˾Ȼ·ɻһҡֱϣһ㳯ŷ嶥Ʈ
ڣʥǰʮɵľ룬ƽ˵Ȼʲô
ƽżټӿ죬ֶ֮ʮƣ£ʮɵľ룬Ҳǵˡ
ȻڴʱЩ룬ڷ˵ȴȫȻһ㡣
ϵƣжɢٶȣȴһ˲Ӱĵز
ৡһգۣѾڣʥƽ硣
һգۣѾԽ磬׷˷׷һ顱һ죬Ѿȷ׷һ̤˳ڵķ嶥
嶥˶Ǿ֣һ˲䣬ȫȻ
ؿͻȻϣһϮɫϴ÷׵ӣһסˡ
׷֮Ϸ嶥ԭΪԼǵĵʱŸоԼ߶һˡ
һҲΪ裬û˿ɥѹɫ΢΢һЦŵĵһ
̨ø
Ǻǡ
΢΢һЦ֪ʱ¶һݣ߶УԷ׷ĳޣĿȲҲУһ΢һ㡣
Ϸ嶥Ǻݺݳ׷ۣ漴ȴֳĬ
ˣʧܵĺܲҡ
Ƿ׷ѹĽ赲ںǷͻ׷׷һѹ
ô̶Ƭ̼䣬䣬ԭȵ䵽ĵ֮󣬲Եơ
г˾ɥϾǸ޽֮ˣڳֶǸŵһʱʵڲ˸̬֮
˱ϣȴ˿δ¶һţߵӦѩһɾĵϣϥ£ָ


196 
Ⱥ֮Уͻŵģ˵ĺˣ֮ɽʧȻ֮ɫڣʥ
ԭΪԼǰȻûܶøߵΣڳ֮ˣȷһʵߣҲ޿κΡ
ԣܶǰѾ֪㡣
أǵ벽Ѩ״̶̬Ҳˣһȥ
ֻǣҲû뵽һȻƺԼ˦ԶԶģңңں棬һֱûбԼڵŵӷʣȻһȣ˲䳬ԶԼңǰ漸˶ԶԶ˦
ʲôʲôٶȣ
ʲôʱһҵɣӵ˳ɫǿˣ
Сʡ꣬ʲô
ΪʲôȻԱԼôࣻңƺȻ˿Ӱ졣
֪ӣڣʥɣǲ߲㣬ˣʲôر⳱ڵˡ
ôʧôʣı䲻ȳɵʵ
ڳϣʵϷ嶥֮󣬾ͺЦʯ֮ϣ߸˵֡
УŵӷʣȻ߾ӵģںףѪѪģԼӦѩ֮¡
ڣʥǿߣеһ
˱º棬һڣֻ߶ɵãֻܵõڰҲ˵һ

ϥ£˶ڵȴȴĽ֣ʤ
ǰʮλҪÿһУжٵӴǰʮǰʮڼһյΡ
빲ʱ̣ǵʧʱ̣û˻ġ
ԣһŷ£ϣԼŵܿЩٿЩԽսߣʣµǰʮߡ
ڣʥϣΪ֪֮УԼӦѩ飬ֻ˭Ҳûǰʮ
Ӧѩ飬Ҳ֮䡣
ΪֻԼܽǰʮ㲻ܰһЩҲҪס
ֻǣôҲûϵӦѩ龹Ȼʵ
ңǺ˲Ը˸ϳȴӦѩ飬Ѫ˸ֱҪԽһʱų๥
ԼˣȴһãֻҪԿͻܵĹԼ䵽˵ߡ
Ӧѩܶõڶʵĳɷݡ
ܽӵĳɼΣǰʮгһڶһߣ٣ǰܲˡ
ǰģǰҲûлᡣ
Ϳŵˣ칤ɽаɽĵӳɼˡ
ʹ󲿷ݵһڣڰˣ͵ʮϣˣֱǣĵ껿գµԼžŮɴ
ȵĻ꣬²̫ѿһǰʮ
ţе˹Ŀ࿴
һɣǾĩһ죬ȴɱǰʮһȻɱǰ壬еġ
ڴϣޱ˾̾ĳɼˡ
ʹˣûоȫӣΪ֮𺳡
һҲ򵥣ȻֻлԪھ磬һŮӣȴȻҲǿƵУɱǰʮѾޱȾȵˡ
Ϳսǲˡ
飡
껿գȻ칤ɽĵӺ׻ˣڶݶӵλôҲܲ˵ġ
Ƭ̺һݣϵ÷嶥ʵڰ˵ĵλ
λȴɫһʲôҲû˵ֻؿһվԶĺףһԲߵһϥ¡
Ǹ޴Ĳңȴк˸Σƺɱɢ
ػʹػʹ޳ĵľ
˹ɱ⣬ʹڳˣҲĪˣȴԾɲΪ⣬һЦ
˷ĵػʹɱʱһŲʷУȻһ漴㽫˵ɱ
һȻ޴Ʋľ˳ȥ
ֻһ˲ৡһ˻һɫ˲ͨ졣
˼״΢ЦվȻԲƺ֪һĻһ㡣
ˣȴɫͨ죬ƺ󲡳˵ǲ˼飬ȴҲսˡ
һʱ˶ûٹ˵飬¿ȥ
Ƭ֮
ߡ
ৣһһӰԾϷ嶥
µĵùӢ꣬
ϵ÷嶥ܵǸоŲʷɢϢɫȻһ䣬ʱһƬѩס
ɱǰʮϲеȻ޴棬ȻԭأһʧǣȫȻȫôִڡ
˼ıӰһЦȴû˿ı顣
ָһеľŲʷжʱһð⣬͸ģֱ
漴ڵĵתʱӿ֣ϢҲ
⿴ӰľŲʷУһ汦ˣֻ£޳Уץסвйء

һˣ
ˣûйע֮ĶԹޣ˶¡
ŮɴƮƮ̬ͬ˷飬ڿҪӽڷ嶥ˡ
ʮɡʮɡʮɡ
ʮɡʮɡɡ
ۿΪ䶨֮ʱ
ʱ
󷽡󷽸˵ĺ󷽡
裬񾩣Ʒɡ
мŷ磬ߡ
мŷ磬֮ǰ֮ʱȴȻһ䣬ǰмŷ磬ں
һԽȻԽ裬񾩣Ʒɣ󣬷Ůɴ֮
û֪ΪʲôͻȻӵٶȣʵԼҲһ֡
Ϊյɫɽ֮ʱҲͱһѵʵʮһ
ҪǿʵҲѣҪ˵һ죬ͬһϳȥˡ
ǣڶ͹ʱ鷢ˣֻԺУöʶеķӰȻһɢһ֮⡣
֮⣬ȴ˲ܵγһ͸ķ֡
ڴ˷У˿ܵĿӰ죬һٶȸ֮С
ԣٶȲһ·Խ裬񾩣Ʒɣ׷Ůɴ֮
󣬾ɴҪԽɾ룬嶥һɲǣƮƮͬƼӹ
һ̣һ嶥֮䡣

ȫȻ
˵׵ĺףѪѪģӦѩȣ׵裬񾩣ƷɵȣҲһŴͣ¶˼֮ɫ
ôܣ
󣬾Ͳһʹǰʮʧۣ֮ͬϷ嶥Ůɴһ˫Ŀע˰Σ漴ȻһЦߵһϥ£ʧȥǰʮ֮λƺˣһ˿Ȥ
ˣеӷʣе㲻֮⣬ˣ˭õʮô⣬ֻеˡ
ǣȺУȴһˣɫγˮ
ˣ˾벻ȴȷˣһپ٣һ𣬵ʱȴû˿ҫоģڵһӡݹʥ֡ڣʥ
ʱ۾Уɱ⣬һ˿΢ɼļɵˡ
һܴ漣δ漣˵ĴΣδˣǾͲ漣ǿˡ
ˣ
һ̣ѾɱǳϲԣֻҪһԲϣɱ֡
ԣʹ޷֣УѾ˱ɱ֮ˡ
ңǾΣյĶ񣬲ġʹԷʵԱԼͲһ


197 ˮ³
Ŀ֮УĻ
ںܶ˵ⲻһϷĳһ˵ȴǸı˵
ĵڶ죬

Уһյյţ;ڴܣյôеƻͨ硣
һϮ£Уʱʮλμӳڵӣѵ롣
ʮվһĬȴһɰơ
ÿϣϲġ
һĳᣬʣǰʮ֮УռΡ
ڶߣʮȫӣռ֮һ
ɼʷǰ˸ġ
ʷϣûй
Խ죬̵ϣٽɱȨ棬ҪǰֳŵŽʱ̵ˡ
Ȼգһĳᣬܰһɱ칤ɽȥϾ˵ʵʵ̫ǿ󣬺ţЩͨڵܱȵġ
ֻ£ΨжжҪǰеǼˣſɿһȡ
ȡ˵ڶĺΣĳɼڣһױȵҫ
ڲμӳ֮ǰȨ˵쳱ᣬȡöõĳɼֻ󲻶
ǰ壬㹻
ܴﵽǰģнܴﵽһڶǸ˵ֱӷ
ڶֱӷõһ˻һش
ڣһʧۣ֮شǵòˣܵõÿһμӹڵ˵Ҳ㹻ֵڴ
ڴ֮ǰ˴ûԼȻܴţɱǰ
ˣУһƬϲ󡣴˿̣Щ˻κģЩţûлع
ȼˣȽϵվţƽľĵȴ̵λϵĵ
ʱһһֹȥڡ
̤̤
⣬˳ƶĽŲ
ƣ˵Ų֮أÿһƺɽҡضʮֹ죬˵Ų飬죬ʮá
ȻûƬ̣һ£䣬׳̵Ȩ棬ʹ̵ϣһ
վǰȨЦݣЦĴӶظ飬ŹһЦڵܺãǳãǽ죬Ҵ֮⣬ǳ⣬⡣
һ죬üźݺѹڽ£ЩֻǳЦǵţһҲǳЦһΡ
ǣǺģ͵˽ʱ䣡
ڲڴ벻֪ǵĽʲô
һ̧ͷ۾е岻
ȨĸˣһЦãܺãڶһ֮ǰұ֣ظ˵һ顣
飬غ֮ΣԣһҪȥ֣ؼǵãǧҪ©һ֡
ţ
ʲô£
ʹڣʥˣҲ¶ȻЩɻ
ȻʹǣЩ֮еĵǰУϢͨȨͻȻ˵ûͷûԵһ仰Ҳʮֲ⣬ͷԡ
ǰɣûϵܿǾˣҲֹǣ˴ţдﵽԪϵڣ壬洫ĵӣҪǰμӣһҼ޵磬ŵĴ¡
ǿɻǵãɽһش¼һаؿͻȻ֣˼ڵӣ
棬Ƿһħͷľݵ㣬ݵ㣬˵һ޵ħͷйĵط滹ʮĽơ
ֱλѨϣȻû̽ףֻ˼ȱĹԼһЩаѪأħȫǺŵа
аؿѱӡκ˽룬ȵлп֮ǰΧֳһ顣
ΧĵһߣϿȡڤԨħй©¼
飬˴¼Ϊӡħͷħ֮ƿԣıʡ
µҲӡħͷ֮ڡȻΪֹħ֮ƿѾһ֮ࡣ
ʣһ룬Ѿǽתƣ˶оٽ
ÿˣδ֮ǣ޵պ֮ϣԣʱҴ̲ݻųϹͬǰһѵҲǣѪ
ǡս
̧ۿһȺˣ¶ɻɫٽɱȨ治Ϊ⣬ڽ͵
ܺܶûս֪սһʲôطҲһЩѾǰԼĳ֪󲿷˹ƻһƬ¶
ȻˣãҾڸǽһ£ǵʱһ֪һĨڣ׼㣬޵״Ҳ˽⡣
ǧ֮ǰ޵緢һΣҲĪ˵ǴҡһͷԶħ½˴ţַӡصס
Ȼһս޵ҲԪˣŻָ
ʱͷԶħֵǴռѷУħ䣬չɱ
Ѫս֪˶޵Ӣңǲսϵϻ֮һСĵطѪǰߣΧڱ֮ļʮС֮ϡ
ǧȥΪǰڹͬһֱһصƽ⡣
ʮ֪꣬ǷħӰ죬ս춯ǰЩϵ֮ڵħʼ±÷¿ʼ½
ǺηһѡԱʮֲв
ʮ꣬ЩħѾʮδĹƣȻǰˣҲʧأԮ
δ޵֣֮԰ڸ߲㣬ͬʱǽһѡδп赲˴ٵĶʮӣõԳΪ޵
ǵʦ̶ԼеĶӣһǰǸո֪Ϥһû֮սžһʱ䡣
һڣŬԼźһк£һºȫǰս֧ԮսӣͬʱҲԼԼ
˭ܴӱҲͽΪһףһ̶Ҳ˵һ
ˣǼҪϸսԣžǵĽʹӴȣȷƽȥƽ
ڳϣǰĵӣÿ˽һƷţ½ϣǾͿԸڳǰѡ
ǰʮĵӣÿ˽һʽƷʽʽѡҪ֧Ĺ׵Ǯ貹ʽй򡣡
ǰʮÿ˽һΪŲŵÿһܸõİɾ͵ڶҲͻѨļʡ
ͬʱǽˮ³£кջܲܳһʱ䣬ͻѨҪǵĻԵԼ컯ˡ
ˣҲһ죬ϣΪþ޴ӣǰʮˣһֻҪ̫ףΪʵ֣ҲӦùѫԸ
ԸǰƷţһαҲĶųΪ㻤ͻѨ
Ҳǰȥˮ³߾ѧƷ׹һλᡣܷãȫǸԼĻԵˡ

һֹǲμӳʮڵӣЩվԱԹ۵ϣʱҲһɵˡ
Ʒţα˵ЩʲôǶϻ͸˵ˡ
򣬶򲻵ļƷҩϳѻֵֹһбʣͻѨĲ֮ѡ
һΪ𺶣ǣ˵̵Ȩ棬һ˿Ľˡ
ˮ³ʲôطĽأʲôž棬ʲôɽΪҪٱĵط
Ĵ֮أĴʼ֮סĵط
˵Ĵʦˮ³Уһ¶ˮ֮ϵ°ɫʯмʮĴָСĹ⻬ס
Щףֲȴйɣÿҹˮǳûʯʣ°鴣ˮ֮ϣ¹ҫɢɴһɫ
ѨУʱпտնͬڵѪҲ֮ɶ
ҹʯȻԽԽ飬ԽԽǿ
ĵҲԭԣǴźһ㣬ӿĸо󺣰ƺޱߣ˰޼᲻ݣ罭һС
Ĳ֮ܣҲ߹Ʒ׹
潫Ź뵽ˮ³ʯ֮ϣԵԣܽˮ³򣬲ܲ٣һóһĪĻԵ
ʹЩ̵ϣΪ²ѫͻƷϣûʸȥ
ڣȻӿš


198 һԸ
ʹ̵Ȩ棬ҲΪ¹һѫлȥһΡ
󣬾ûлᡣ
ⶴڶ
ⶴͨͲĵص㣬ֻܸܵһ˿ˮ⣬Ϊ
γᣬǰʮλĵӽģⶴ
ڶˮ³ľ֮ڣˮ³ʯҲͰڷܵ÷ǳϣһļһλ׼ǿػ
ʱθǿߣҲв
ԣûܴˮ³ʯ⡣
ȻʹȥˣҲһá
ʹãҲһˮ⣬
ˣѾʹ˼ˣһ۾ͨˣ޲֮
ڣʥһϲŭɫʱҲϲ
ӦѩĿ΢Ȼ⣬Ҳеһģĳһѵõһ
ΨԡٽɱȨ˵ս֮º󣬱һֱ֪ЩʲôԲ
ףٽɱȨ˵֮Ŀ㿴ˣϿڵ˿飿ߣʲô׵ĵطûУǾȷˡ
ǰʮǰʮǰٵĽǹ̶ģҪѡɶûʲôأֻǰʮˣͬ
ˣ˵֮ĿתˣӦѩ飬ڣʥˣӦöûб仯ɣѡˮ³Ļ᣿
ûб仯ǾȥǼһ£ˮ³ڶؿǼɭϣȻи֮ǰҲɱϱǿһҪպᡣ
ԣӦѩڣʥĬȻͷȻϿȨΪѡ
ƷţαϻȣȻΪ󣬵ԣЩǿԿŬȥãͻƵġ
ˮ³ĲͲһֻдһΣԺǲǻлԵ˵׼ˡ
ҲⱲӣһνĻᡣ
Уһ˿ˮ³壬ĺôǲͻѨȵģͻƷҲûһϣ
ˮ³ˣ֪٣ܴиģȴûмˡ
ʹֻһǰĴУ⣬Ҳһˣߵ˴Ŵ󲿷ݵӵǰˡ
ԣ˶û˿ԥֱӦ
¿ˮ³İǺܴͻѨһİƷţһαĻᣬҪˮ³ôöࡣ
ֻҪ㳤Զˣû˻ѡЩģϾƾ˵츳ѨѾ֮
ƷţαõĻҲܶࡣ
ˮ³ɲȥͽȥġ
ˣҲͬ뷨
ɵӲŲѡˮ³أƷţαʲôûжڣʥӦѩˣҲһڶʱѨˣǷҪ
ˮ³ͲһˣΪΨһһѡ
룬ڣʥӦѩˣûгԷԣͬ˴¡
˶ʶغΪҲڣӦһĻᣬ治֪ıĸݡ
˶ֶʡ
׵λٽɱȨ棬ĿҲǷڣӦϣûж࿴һۡ
ҲΪܽǰʮҵĳɷݾӶֻ࣬⡣
ңҲֻǵʮ֮ӦѩĵڶڣʥĵߣԶԣҲͲǡ
ܺá
Ŀ⻷һۣڵǱɣҸ˵Ǽһ¡Ȼǽˮ³ܲãȫǸԵĻԵˡ
˵գ͵ȳһ䰵ȥȻ׼˵Ǽǵĵط
ڴʱһԥȴͻȻ

һ㵣볯ȥŷ֣ߣȻǱһºӵӣ
ô
ʲô
ʣһĿעϣȨҲһ֣عͷüڴӼ֣ʲô£
ϣӿɷһԸ
ʲô
˻һʱȻ
ֹڵӣЩϣȨˣҲһΪԼˣ⡣
⺢Դûհɣǳ⣬߻ħˮ³ǧ𲻻˺õĻᣬҲҪ
ڣʥҲһ㵵
ԭΪһµʱ䣬ǳѰϾҪԼ˴ͬһѨ֮һ¡
гڲ࣬Ҳô뵽Ҫͬˮ³ʯˬ
û뵽ȻᣬҪԸһ
ѲɣǾҵıԶ᣿
ڣʥ²ϣȴ˵ʲô
ӦѩҲ֣̽ѯĿ⣬֪ΪʲôԸ˴õĻᡣ
˵ʲô
̵Ȩ棬ĵ֮ˣԴһ˿ŭ
϶˶һѡˮ³˾ڶԷȴ˵ҪһԸ
˴õĻᣬĽȻҪ֪ѵõĻᣬȻ飿
˿̣УĵλһǧɣȻԭûôע⵽ʱѾЩŭˡ
ɷһԸ
ȻͬϣƺûеĲ죬𾪣֣пɵһı飬ͷȻ˵
ţ˵ҪһԸˮ³ˣ
̵Ȩ棬òƵһʵ
ǵġ
˭֪Ծǲ죬ش
ãܺãȷˣ޸ģ
ٽɱȨ治ŭЦѾ˺䲻ңŭ䲻
һֲڣʥڵӣҲӦѩɿľˣҲټȰֱʵ
ǵġ
ͷشᣬȴԼʯг˲ݸĵļ
ҪһʲôԸ
Ȩ˫ۣص˭ó֮Уŭ
ȻȴȻţһһٵصô˻ᣬһ컻еݣݣ


ھż ս


199 ݰ
֮
һϮ£ͨĵ·ϣпڵӣǲֵĿָָۣ㡣
տʼʱĽʵĿ⣻ȴֱ˳ЦĿ⡣
֪ǿԼԭΪʲôҲû⣬ɴͷԹԵ£ĳ
ǰУȷҪûᣬһʱնشȷ֡
ʱظܵڵӿ׳һĿ⣬ԼȨʧͺ䲻ŭ
ϧѾҼȻͲ޸ġ
Ȩ˵˴γ֮˾ҪǰսμɱпһȥͷѾ¶˾ġ
жأѵãһҪΪҪȥ֮ǰʦκãȻԺ˵޻ᡣ
ûʦûڵҪˮ³Ļᡣ
ʦɾ˽ԣΪʦһССĲᣬк᲻ã
ܱôѾ⡣
ȨŭشӦڽգӦѩ飬ڣʥˣѾڳϴߣŽأˮ³
Ȩּ⣬ǰ컻ȡݡ
֮ǰϧؿһе˼
ȻҲĽȴڡ
˿̣Уһ
һöεУУɢɢسʷһһ֦ҶҶУͨڣмľȴʰɫһɵ泤ҩݡ
ҩݲǱ컻УҩƷͼҩݣֵʮ׵㡣
Ĺ׵㣬ʮһö׵㣬ԼֵʮǮʮǮмУû
ΪÿܻõĵǮޣ׵޵ġ
һҲһһ֡
УһЩⳡǧԷȣʹǶӣҲҪ׵ġ
һЩҩţҲֻй׵ܶһˣ˭Ӷֻ࣬١
Ҳ󣬹׵ԶȵǮֵǮԭ֮һΪ˭࣬˭ȱļ۸ߡ
ܶ뻨Ǯȥ򣬶Ҳˡ
ˣļֵһЩͨİƷţαҪöࡣ
ڴ֮ǰΪʦƣ׬׵㣬һ׬׵Ҫԣӡ
һη£Ȼˮн
ôܹµģҲһĹ׵㣬ʮ׺֮һڣԶԶûдﵽܹݵĵز
ԣһΣҲǱΡ
ΪϾҪǰս֪һȥܻܲͷҲܽһλó
Ϊʮ׵㣬ʵڲ֪£ʱ򣬾ݶܱߣʱɻ֮
ݣľ֮ϵϡҩѰҪѨſʵȡãһһꡣ
ľ֮ϵľѾ֣ȫΨһʣһ꣬컻
Ǹ߰ļ۸ҲΪ֮ȴ
ҩ˹زǱҩУƷͼݣһ͵ݰھʮ
ݰ¼䣬һЩϡϡٵҩ黨ݵȶϳɵһ񵥣ۣϡۡ
Ҳ˵ģֻһ꣬Ѿ棬߸ѰĶݰ
Ʒͼľݣȴеھʮϡ
ڣڽõˣʦƾпڿԻָƽĹһˡ
ΪߡȡϹеĻ𶾣Ҳڿ԰ȥˡ
ģһƺоؿڵĳʯῪŲʱ
ǰĻ壬

Ƭ֮󣬻壬㺮Լ֮С
ǰһΣĿ⣬úȻ̾һֽӹݹöС
УöҶ״صݣݡ
ǰֹգʲôҲû˵
ʦԣǹʦ˵ھʴ𶾵ҩһЧġ
ţˡ
գֻ˵֣漴ִǷУöɫҶƬ֮ժССһƬ˿С
漴Ŀҩ
һԽؿţš
տʼʱɫƽƬ̺ȴȻͨһƬе߲߰ĺɫ֣ͬǰ̿飬ʮѿǻ𶾸ܵвʼ
ȫ£ʪ͸͸ȴȻ
Ƭ̺ҧЩ𶾳ȥյʱ֣Ȼɫһ䣬ɺתףۡһ³һѪ
ѪУһЩǵĺۼǵ㣬ͬɫĻ棬ո䵽棬㸯ʴһ󶴡
һĻæܣĿϣȴɫȻһ䣺ÿֲĻ𶾣ʦʱ䣬ʲô˵ĥȻңԼģһǿš
ãշ˽ˮ³ĻᣬѡҩȻʦ֪֪
£Ѳ룬ֻҪһ룬ͻһ㣬ȫֱ򺮲
мǰʦã˵ǣУѾΪԸȥ֮Ǹˡ
ΪʦϲȻǣֺϧһССĽˮ³Ļᡭ
ңãʦû˵ϾǼֵǵƷͼҩݣûмꡣ
ȵȫʦӦþָܻˣʱԼҲܰȥ

ģʦˣֻΪңһõĻԵʵΪϧ
ǹһĿ⣬עӵϡ
ҡҡͷһﲻȴ˿ɥ֮⡣
ü״̾һʲôҲû˵ҲգΪһƬТģˣҲ˵ʲôˡ
ֻһ£˶ԼĻԵ㣬ȴΪҰװ׷һ£ȴ˷ˡ
һУ㶼ʲôûУ
ţ
ԣ΢һ¡
ڣʥӦѩ鶼ȥˮ³ˣҪô¶׼ͻƣҪôԼո쵽İƷʽƷţȥ
ΨԼһˣһУһº󣬾ǰսӣսһߣޱȣ˭Ҳ֪һ̽ʲôǲǻŻ
ԣܶһ֣һ֡
ԥΣͷʦʦȥֻǣһ²һλᣬ𲻵Ч֪ûа취޴У
޴
ţ
Ƭ̧̣ͷһ԰㣬ԵƬ̡
˵꣬ݺ
Ƭ̺ݺ߻أѾһöɫơ
öƣͨɫֻбһϵĻ֣·һֻһֿĸо
֣ԥһ£ǽƽϣһصǻʶƣôӦþʲôˡǲʶǺǡ
˵ĪغǺҲ֪뵽ʲôû˵ȥ
ԣֻ֪ʲôܣҲûʣ֮ӹƣСһ˿
оõƶӵ壬ڻ壬ֻҲϵ
Ƶ֮΢֮ͨϵǸá֣Ȼ˹һֵĸо
ڵĻϵ΢΢һ֮ʲôӦȻ΢΢˷ͬݾһ㣬ڵĺɫƶĤݡ


200 ߽׻ü
⡭
ʹоٳٶۣҲоõƵĲͬˣǸСĵĽ봢֮УʦãȴĽ͡
˭֪òûжӽ͵˼Щ̾һһΣôȥˣ벻ƣȻؼյһ죬һҪúϧ
ˡ
˵ƺʲô£ڵսеӶǰȥ߷壬߷ڵӸһ쵼ˣһ𣬲ܾԵ֮롣
嶼˵ƶǸһλϴӡǻܹˣδֻ²Уˣ壬ֻһ
Ȼˣӱΰɣʱ˲ߣֻҪֳĬ߸ͶͿˡ
Ȼ㲻Ը⣬ҲԲóеݣһֻһӣӱ˵䣬߸ڱһ£Ҳ޲ɡ
ţ
һ㶣û뵽м仹ȹϣһ£ǿ˵ҿһ¡
ûмŴӦҲûмƴǡ
еݣͱʾһӣеȨһҪ߷Щһ𣬾սĴ¡
ϲ
ӵݣֻҲᱻɡ
Ȼܣֻܱܽ˵䣬⣬Ҳġ
գʧô޶ȵطԼɣֲۡ
š
ҲûҪ˼Ĭһ£һۣʱ󣬾ȥɣУٻҡ
ԣһУУúĥĸ
ȡǰս֮ǰʵһͻƣսϣҲܶһݶԵеʵ֮ǰٻһ档
ǣʦ
ش漴תҪȥ
һ¡
뵽ʲôȻһȥ֪ʲôʱܻⱾ㣬ʱͺúһ¡أҲӦõ߽׻üʱˡ
˵գһӵĲӣݸ
Ȿӣɫʰ𣬺ǰЩͬأòûиȫģ̰á
Ȼ
ݹӺֻü˵߽׻üûôÿһֶʮּѣҪԵ
ڣܹҲָ߽׻üѡʱһ־Ҫһʱ䣬ڣٶȻˣһ֣ҲҪ£ʱ䡣
սϣǿѧһ֣˵õŵʱ򡣡
߽׻ü
һ漴ϲӹⱾӣ޻ȴǳأƺҳ죬ء
Ȳ򿪣ָֻܹ߽׻üĽܣԼ̧֮ͷһۡ
֪˼ڵĪҪ֪㣬ڻ֮ǰѧһ֣ʮ⡣ѧ֣˵츳ܳ޻ֻ֣˵š
֮һῼĻȣһֶѧᣬѧ֣ϣұ㽫ʣµʮָ߽׻üȫ㡣
ˣȥɣǵãգǵһҪŻң
ǣʦ
֪ʦΪԼãʦһֽۣղøԼĲ뻳Уվһ񣬶ʦȥˡ
š
ûعͷͷƫţٿ
ٴùһ񣬶תһһ˳õʯҴš

ϣصԼʯңⱾ߽׻þ飬صָ߽׻ֱǣˮиԼ
УҪ̷֮ϵŵرãѧᡣ
һѧᣬųγһ˷ĺУƽ⡣
ڶ߽׻ˮиȻͨ˵㣬Ǽ
ָ߽׻ҪõһˮϵСˮ澫̷֮󣬲
һɣˮ澫ʽ۳һŸתɫˮױȣǳǽҲ˲һҪ
߾磬ɴݣħףһȥ˲佫һ󶴣ɭɲֱһɱС
߽׻
˼飬Уü֯ɵһû߾磬ս֮ϣ˲֯ɼٵûС
Ѳãܡ
к͵һʽеƣֲͬƫˣܻóǧٸ
ȺսУ˲佫˷ֳٹɣ಻ܼˣΧɱͱʮּ򵥡
˵һÿһָ߽׻ʮּѣΪȻĪ󣬵ǣͬҪõһؽһָ߽
ƷԽߣԽ󣬽ɵԽǿԽ¡
߾磬У𵽷ָ֮Чǿ˲佫ȼճɻҽ
ʱͱһйǿĴԻüˣ޼᲻ݣ޵ؿˣֻܵ
üҪ֧Щ߽׻üʮѰÿһ֣ϡ䡣
ͨƷ׵ĻУ޷֧Щ߽׻üƷƷϵС
Ȼö䣬Ǽֵ˵һɵĸ߽׻üǼֱɱ񣬷ɱ
ܿϧѾʮѰͽͱ˵һţн׾͸˵
ʹһЩңţҲޣÿһͽ䣬ӵиָá
߽䣬ÿһ֣ᣬΪ֮ټŵģ֪١
׾͸˵ˣʹְ˴֮һҲΪ֮ϧۣġ
ԣҲ񣬲ָ߽׻üԭ֮һⲻ츳㣬Ҳʱ䲻ǣʹֵȼ䣬Ҳ˵беġ
󲿷ݵĻüʹõĺ֮ֻƷ䣻ֻһ֣ʹõǸƷ䣻䣬ֻһ֡
һֻɫĺûмֻһΡ
֪ӵжģֻһˣ⹫Ȼֻһ籩
ֻɫ֪ӺζҲʡ
룬һ죬ԼҲѰһֶ䣬һ˫Ķ
ʱ´ȥãսʲô
ڣҲףԼ߽׻ü룬ܡ
֮ϡѰһûСѹ˵սһ֣ѵã֣漣ˡ
ԣʱҲֻ÷ջ뷨ò뵽Уϥ£ĿԼĵ
һҹ޻ܿ죬
˫վһ漴ķɱȥ
ܿ죬˻ΪһССĺڵ㣬ڻ֮ʧ


201 ʮ
峿ǰ
峿ʮ壬ȻⲻֹΪʱԭͬһԭΪյĵӣȫȥչؿȥˡ
Ҫڸս֮ǰץһʱͻƾ磬û
壬˵ҲֻԵġ
ûЩڵӵĴڣЩƽʱͨӣһ׷׵ǻԾ˲١
ڵӶΪ졣
漴뵽Զ˽ˮ³ĻᣬڵӰϵĵӶеطȥΨһȴֻ˺Щͨڵһһġ
뵽ϾһڵӰǰʮǿ֮һҺȻһ쳱ϵĵʮȻ˶ɣȻû˸ҵ
ˣʱԭǰģ׷ÿһ·
ǫһ¡
ڣֻһʱ䣬ÿν붼ҪǫãŶӣȺ֪Ҫ˷Ѷʱ䡣
ʵҲһǶõһ˺ԥÿ·ʯ𣬿ճһʱһС
һƣһͬı仯ͬĳ
ǰģһͷҽ׶ޣྦһֻ
һΣֻһУһӣͷϴķһĳྦķѣɢͨ
ǵڶ㣬㣬Ĳ㡭
һֱʮ㡣
ǰʮ㣬ǲѴ֮ɳʹǵʮĻƽƷޣͷȮ£Ҳ߲һС
ڵʵ̫ǿˣ֪֮ǿٱǰǰʮ޷赲ĽŲ
󣬵ʮһʮŲ㣬ҲֻԷһֽš
ʮһʮ㣬ӵĲƷףԪڵǿʵټϻüȺ֮ǰһ
ܿ죬ٴڶʮ㡣
ƮһͷƽƷޣǮ
һΣѾùһ췣սɱһöƷƬ
һΣͬͷǮȴһ֣һָ
һ׵ĹâʱݶʱͷӴܵĽǮ
ۣ
һ죬һƮɹڶʮأһԥ˵ڶʮһ㣡
ʮһ㣬ֺ͵ʮһһӵģƷף
һʮһͷĻҽ׼ޣ
Хӥ
Щޣ治ɫɫҶƬ𣬡͡
һֻֻХӥҶиɷ飬һѾٴΰ𣬳ϵڶʮ㣡
ʮͷĻҽ׼ޣǣ

ʱһһֹȥ
ȺڶڵӣһԾؿĹĻһ׵㲻ܿԽʮ㣬ʮ㣬뵽ʮ㣬ֱʱ
УڶͨڵӣӵʵģΨС
Ǹʦ֣
ЩԼ۾
һڵӰǰʮˣǣҲûôǿɣҪ֪Ǹڲһ֮꣬ǰһͨڵӰ˳֮Ϊϲ񣡡
ǰ˭ֻǲ֪ܴһأĹؿԽԽ˰
һһ˲㡣
ܴ򵽶ʮģڵвĴڣܽǰʮģһ㶼ڵӰе
ȻҲڵӰеֻǣٶȣ뵽ǰʮģͨڵӰӣ
ȻⲢǽ
׵·һһ㣬ľʯĻ֮ϲƣܿ죬Խʮһʮʮʮ塭ʮ
ѲɣȻгǰʮʵ
⣬ܰɣ
˽ͰͣԼ۾
ˣȻһ㣬ͨУǿپ׵ٶȣһĿ࣬۾͹
ܴǰʮ㣬һҪڵӰˣܴﵽʮģһ⣬ʹڵӰУҲҪԵٮٮ߲С
ǰʮܣ
һŲŲһҵĵӣʵ
˲š
Ȼ
ʱ֮
׵޿赲֮ƣɨʮˣʮţৡһϵʮʱĻĹ㳡һƬȻѻȸ
ʱͷѾߣǰԽԽ࣬ǣʱȴûһ˵ͬͻȻ˰˾һʧ
ʮ㣬Ҳ𺳡
ڵӰ˶ȥ֮ǰʮ㶼ܽ£ͻȻһ׵߸߹ʮĸ߿գˣʲôо
Ǿֻһָо𺶣Ⱥ
·ǲһˡ
⣬˿еǸϲԶ˽ˮ³İ׳գɵϣ

ǣôЩѾڲ֪꣬ȴǰʮ㶼򲻹ˣʲô
һ̣Щڵͷһӻĸо
֮߷֮мһ壬Щ꣬ˡ
Ҳܴʲô漣Ҳ˵һ
˴ͷʮ󣬳δͣЪ


202 
ʱ߰˲㣬ҳǰʮ㡣
ѾͻƻԪھ磬ʵֹһ
ټͻԪ֮𣬸οͨԪǻԪڡ
ϸֹʵսӣʵֹһ߰˱С
ˣͬѶȣͬĹؿڲͬʵǰѾҲǿ赲ǰĹؿˡ
ʮһ㣬ʮ㡭ʮ㡭ʮĲ㡭ʮ㡭
һֱʮŲ㣬ǲѴ֮ͨ
ֱʮ㣬һͷǿޣƽװƷӰ
Ӱٶϵޣٶʮ֮죬ƽװƷѾԪˣʵ֮¡
ټܻûԻˣܶڵӣǱһأ޷ͨ
ȻоһЩ鷳ϧǿֻӰϵ޵Ĵڡ
ô仯ֻҪħͫһ˲ܲġ
ˣʮУһʽΪΡסӰɢһָǡѨ֡Ӱɱ
ԭء顱һΪһźӰʧԭ˲һöССĵɫƬ
΢΢һϲǰ𣬷ִ˺ȻһöƷƬʥٷϾѧʥ
ȻԼɽ֮ǣһģټֵ׵㡣
ϲ̽뻳УһݣԾϵʮһ㡣
ʮһ㣬ǰģǻҽޣͷƽһƷޣͨ
̻ú쳾ѣ֮ϣɱ
ʮ㣬ǰģͷƽ׶ƷޣƼ׵̻ͬú쳾ѣнɱ
ʮ㣬ǰģͷƽƷޣ׾Ͻ¹ʮ֮ϣսѸٳϵʮĲ㡣
ʱһһֹȥԴƣԽϵʵԽǿ󣬼ʹҲɽг
ǣĿǰΪֹûһͷоѵޡ
ٶȣһ·ϵʮŲ㡣
ڣܵһЩѹǰģͷƽƷޣ˽ã
ЩΪáޣԶЩóһСÿһֻӥϲһīɫĻƣͬһ
ͷǼ⣬Ŀ˸ŵĺâʮϸһУ˲ȾϾ綾ȫԣʧȥж׸˵
һֻȻ򵥣ֻҪܹȥУֻһ𣬶ҽǻƽƷϣˡ
ǾȻ÷ֺϰһɹӵؾСࡣ
գʹ̻ú쳾ѣȫסһһɱɹͨ
ۣ
ͷ˽ɢβֹৡһϵʮ㣡
ǰģȻһСɽʨޣ˹ͨ崿ףֻֻ㲿·һͨ졣
ƽ׾Ʒޣʨ
ȫƤëǹ룬ٶ죬޴󣬶ܿ˸ǣȫ£ûʲôԵ㡣
Ķ֣Ҳеһͷʹ
ȻԽϣԽѣѾǽӽ벽ѨĴˣﵽ׼̽޵ĳ̶ȡ
ССһֻʨ赲ĽŲʹͻʨս˽ٸغ֮ڰסһᣬһУȡһöɫѪ߰ߵ
һҡʨʱӲԭأ˼άһɲǵͣ٣һ˲䣬ѵָ̧罣ڿʮŵӰ
ͼž˲Ϣ
ʮŵӰ·Ӱһ㣬˲лʨȫ
ʨһһʱ̣顱һ֮УͬʱʮŵߣеѸ
ٹƬ̣žһķѣΪһɢ
飡
һƨڵϣһܣͷʨȷоһѲǿ޿׿룬껹һ㣬ûа취ˡ
ޣϧʮصػޣѹôˣʮؾֹסŲʵ棬̫ˡ
Ψһϧǣò׽ɱȴδһ˿ĽδƬƷƬӰӡ
Ҳǣһֻɺϣǵһνõ㣬ٷ֮һļʾȻ߹ʺõһƬ
һΣɾûôˣǵڶʮ㣬ǵʮ㣬δƬ
ǵʮһöʥٷ塰ʥƬҪԼƷǲǸˡ
ȻȫǳƬĿģԼԼΣУԼĹﵽԼĿꡣ
ԣԽΣյĻԽϲʲôʱ˳Σ֮һ˵ģ
սϣɾûôõˣʱ򣬾ƴɱһ
żʧ󣬻ֲഫͳȥ
ˣҪϧ˴εĻᡣ
ԣֻԭϢƬ̣ٴվһʮһ㣡
ǰģͷƽƷޣĶԳ
һѵɱɹͷĶԳɱԼҲ۵ͷ󺹣˲ٿӡ
صһǣһͷĶԳһڱ㽫ִɢ
ˣ˾޴ĳһѪɫҰܣ㱻顣
ɸ̾һԽ󣬿ԽǼˣڵʮ㣬ǲˣܴ򵽶٣㿴ɣͺã
ˣƣ֮ٴһݣ˵ʮ㣡

ʮͷƽƷޣʮͷƽƷޣʮĲͷƽƷޣʮ㡭
ڣо˳óʲôʽˡԪѪɱͷƽƷΧŴ
Ƕ췣֮޷룬գУһֻ˫ͷʨҧס˺Ϊ飡
Դһʹ˲Զ顱һԶлʧڵһ㣬һصԲοռ䡣
Բοռ䣬ֻһ㵭׵Ļ֣Χס
ڵʧ֮󣬡ĵط
ʵҲУһʧܣػԶ͵һء
ӡءлú󣬾Ϳȥȴһ


203 һº
˽һʱŲһ¼ͷֻ˷·һ㣬졣
̧ͷ˿ܣȷԼ֮ҡҡͷص³һ
Լʵǲ
ʮ㣬һҪڵӰǰʮҵʵܴ򴩡
ĳЩ棬ѾԽǰʮǣʵս棬ȴϾ˲ֹһ
ôͻƵʮΪĿˡ
ʣһ²ʱ䣬һУһҪŬȡ̫Զ
뵽Ӧѩ飬ڣʥˣˮ³򣬻ֱֻͻѨ
裬񾩣Ʒˣͬˣӵжֿɽˮ³ⶴֻ֮¼ʹûͻѨҲѨԶˡ
ԼɻֻһͨԪڵӣԪ۷壬һβСľ룬Ҫ˵벽ѨԼ˵еѨˡ
໹е󡣡
Ŀ̲㡣
ñ֪˲һ꣬׷ϴ󲿷ݵڵӣҵڵӰ񣬽󲿷˳Խ
ڣȻȥڣʥЩڵӰǰ֮ȥȽϣ֪۹⿴
˶ãˣ˶ã
Ǿ࣬Դۣ츳޶

ӻͳһС£ԭشϢƬ֮ŸоָϵƣҲҩ
طǲ˵ģֻƣ
֮һָϵҲȻʧٴαû
ҲǴû˵˵
еģˣ˵ǶΪʵ㣬ǿսվֲ֧סأɢȶȲˡ
һˣȴ£һоԼ˼ޣͻԶֹȴһλᣬӲš
վ߳Ǹ׵Ļ֣һ档
ڵӣһ𾪣Ŀٲʱӣһ˿𾴡
һˣ˼鶯ǵҪΧҪһ䣬̸ѡ
Ͼʵߵˣܵ𾴵ġ
ս֮ϣĪ⣬ʱΣգཻһʵǿѣؽʱ̣˵ܾԼһ
ȻΧ漴Ŀ࣬Ŀɿڴ鷢ˡ
ȻһתȻٴ߽Ĵš
Ҫʲô
Ѳɣشһβɣ˵ǷܵסǻϣҲġ
٣һͻᱻˣҵſɣԭΪһû뵽ӶպͿˡˣʵٸߣҲûãֵýύ
ԭΧȥˣ˲ַ׷ٴɢȥ˻ԭλʶһ뷨Ҳˡ
һԼЦ飬ſڣȴѵͷѪ˳ٳԼЦ
ȻҵȣɲӰ֣֮Уһ׹⣬ͬһ
ʮ㡭
ڶʮ㡭
ʮ㡭
ʮ㡭
ʮ㡭
һֱʮ㣬ֹͣ·ЩΧڴ˵ڵǣһֱסӣסɤӵ飬̧ͷǵjİߣĿͣǲŵı顣
⣬ôܣ
̲סཡһһĭ
ԼΣû˯ѣԴ㶺˵ı飺һ²ֻһλôظ룿ôظ룿
ֹʱǰ㳡ϣˣһͬı顣
·ϰͷͷ죬һᾱϷİ׵㣬ʹҪ
ֱ׵㡰ۡһٴɢصһ㣬ǲһӦ̲ס顱һ뱬ը
Ǽ˹ı顣
һʱ֮Ӱһγ֣һεǵ棬˽ȥ
ٴԷɿٶȣӹʮ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㣬һֱʮ㡣
ûʱЩ顱һٴλ䣬Ӱһſڳ֡
ž
һΣֹһʿˮȫˣͬ͵Ŀ⣬Լٿˣһһı顣
ңһΣƣûٽһ㳡֮ȥ
мˣ޲ÿһߣֳһ߹Ҳûͣ
ЩˣؿıӰԽǣԶֻ֮ʧڻ巽򲻼

תۣһµʱȥˡ
һ죬ڵ˰Ҫǰսӡ
ڵӣѸԻڣϾǰսҪЩ׼ҪһЩûǰĻԪӣͬսѷֿ
ڻ壬ʯ֮ڣɫͨ죬ȴĽҪͷ
ͷһεζĺ鲻ϵ£󽫱ʪƬ֮Ȼһ
һİһ³ˡһǰһľ˲һ󶴡
ȻľԲȱֵľˣԺǻµĹǰ
ԼʵҲٴһҡ
Ŀ΢̧⣬µˬĺ紵һɵ⡣
һµʱ䣬ڵˡ
Ҳʱ򣬸ȥʦǱˣ
ԱϣԼ˽һҵʯݣ۾ǲᡣ
˷ȥδ֪ʱڣ֪ûٴλĻᡣ
޵֮·ӦֱǰնȥһϰȻڡ
мɡ
˫Ŀ֮Уľ⣬һ˲䣬ʱ˼ȫնϡ
Ժ»ָԭĳγ
ûĿ⽫ĴһۣϵĶϣ漴ʯţ˳ȥ
⣬УŹ㺮ϲ㣬Լʦõʯȥ


204 Ѩ
һĽǾ޴ģɾǾ˵ģջǿϲġ
һǰ
һ̤Ȼһ׺ӳϹס
ϣһ£ϣ·ɫͬ߷κһɫΪȻٴﵽѨڡ
Ȼϣȡýöɫ֮ɫȴȻһ䣬龹Ȼ˲һЩ㱡
ţʲô
ӹݹȥƣɿ֣ϸĻƣǸһĻãһ𾴣֣µؽ»С
Ȼӵ˻ҾͲˣȥɣ
ʲôͨڣһ˼ĿǱԣмǲɹȣɰռɡ
̾һڵ
˵꣬ûֹһ˾Ȼ˲仯ӨӨĺڹ⣬ֱӻ飬ƿʧˡ
ıӰվԭأĬ˰̣漴½öɫУȥӰһһ㡣

૵صһ֪öɫƵ֡

ʱ䣬ǿһһֵĳء
ƣֵ֧ʱ򣬱Զ˳
ˣһΣڶΣĴΣھΣʮΣڶʮߴΣڶʮ˴Ρ
ʱԽĴҲӦӣͬʱĸҲԽԽء
ȻףϵȰ˵Ǻ⡣
ģ֮һ²ŽһεĹأȻ
ͨӣ겻㣬һĹȣԲ˵ҹУ෴һֱĴʩ
ȸ߽׵ӣģʽԵЩˡǣÿնΣ޴󰭡
ҪһУԾһĸֻ´󲿷ڵӣ޷֧֡
ȻԼͣˣ֪Լ˵Ĳ࣬Ըÿ汻ɱΣ˺ѣƣЧָܺܿԲż
Ϊּ֣ÿ޽иǿȣϵսⲩ
Ӿ棬ƣȫٵɱ˺Ϊ飬ؾۣѣʵҲڷ޴ı仯磬ĺȻľΪУʱ޿̲תԼ˼ߵĲΣ¯ࡣ
ֱգʽﵽԲϾĳ̶ȡ
ֱ磬ΪʵսУƵʵʹãѨ֣Ӱָȣ˴ɵĳ̶ȡ
ͬʱپһŵȡһһʽڻͨнŹڻһļ
ѣҪؽͼžҲ䳹ʼԵĽ̬䡣
ңżãӳЧɱ˾ˡ
һͷƽ߰Ʒ޵Χһ˲߽⣬ɱ
ԸУһֻѾﵽһЩƷԽͨƷˡ
ͼžһʮһĽˣĵ彣
Ѿȥˡ
ϧǣ̫޷ȫ򣬹ƾ׽ѾԺаڣûκһӣĶˡ
ȻΪʵͼžվһһʵ֣ңӳ
ʱսؽһʵķԾ
ֻǣٵͻѨ֮ˣΪƾʱʵԪʱ࣬ҲĽĵز
֮⣬ҲҪģΪһȲ׹ոͻƲõĻԪΪͬʱٴһߣﵽ˻Ԫжεĵز
ʵս飬ҲɱսУһΣսϣʲôֵޣޣֻҪʵ̫࣬ݻɱˡ
󣬾Ƭ
ڶν֮ʱǺܺã򵽵ʮأʮ㣬ȻһƬҲûг
ΣͬˣһãҲ˵һ죬ֻһöʥٷƬʥ
Ҳ٣ص֮ϥ£ûһҹ»ָ֮󣬵ڶһ磬ٴγ뵽ǰС
ЩڵǶŵĽ룬ʼǻɣɣȻ޹󣬾ľˡ
˶ÿһ죬һjͻȻ䣬jٵ䣬ϰΪ
·ÿ첻Σˡ
ڶ죬ȻתˣһΣΣֱһöƬһö浤ġιһöٻġִɫ
죬ٴγһöƬġӰ
󣬲֪ǲƬòˣ죬һá
ֱ죬ٴγһö콣ѧ̫ݽƬ

ʱһһȥʮУӽһ£һðƷƬʮö
Уʥٷö콣ö浤ööٻöһö
ǣİƷһƬûпҲû̸۹ƺ沢ڡ
֮ϲǣʮö棬öصƬͬ߷κһ壬һõöƬ
һ𣬲Ƕʮö
öƬȫãһ׼ԺǷܼȫȫ֮ʲôЧ
ʮöȫһȥգУһһʽƷŲУපצһʽ޼䳤顣
һżǿ󣬲߷κһĶعһŴԵצʮֲж
˵һλ棬ɱһͷаħżȻ뵽С
ԸķʺڴʱԼΪ
ķﵽƷףķ͹಻ƷϽףѾԼķչ
ˣ˶һ˼ķһȲڴԲ״̬ĺȻľûһȫѡ˹
ĹѧಢʺϣΣѡһŶ֮⣬Щ̵ĳපצ
˴ȥսԸЩŴɱҰڵӵħ֣ʺϡ
գʣöƬһԻ˹׵㣬һ壬ټԭİڣҲһʮ๱׵ˡ
ǰһˣǶ˵ʮԶԶ㡣
սҲжһĵطзֲռ޲ϣϡĵرһݣͻš
ʣһݣ䣬սģֳһԣ׼ھͰЩ׵ȫꡣ
ֻȥ컻󣬻Ź׵㣬һһαıὣ
ᱡʺ
һʹ֮Ӱ޵˼άй٣˲񣬶ͻȻɱ֮еЧʮֲ
˪Ұ˪ȷѾ޷ˣûҵֵı
ȻһöӰɽΣҲ꣬뷢ûʮϵʱܡ
ԣΪԼѰһùȥĳˣǣᡣ
ȻڻûӵйǣһαҲǱġ
ȻΪԽͼžҪıҲԽǿͨıܲǿĽ
ͬʱһһ죬Ҳգڳɹͨʮ㣬뵽ʮһ㡣
ʮޣСޡһͷ׼̽ޣֻ̽һ
״ʨȴӵţһſڣܷһֵͬţƣ˲ʧ񣬶
겻ǿ޵ߣֲס
һ겻ϱ˺飬ѱޱȼͣЩһ²һνܱȡ
գȻһѵɱʹԼԪڵȫʵټ̻ú쳾ѣѪɱ֮һʽͼžʽ˲Ϣڳɹڷὣ֮¡
ԭʮֺ˵ģ˲䱬һöεƬ岻ѧι
ҲһУõһöƬ
ҲʽţþӡѾǰʮʵˣڣʥ̫ࡣ
󣬽ʮһ㣬˲䱻ͷƽװƷްΧֻƬ̺Ϊʮֲ̫̫֧࣬ס˲䱻˺ѡ
Ȼ۷״̬ûһս֮ϧʱѾˣʱѾûлᣬٽˡ
ˣճɼֻڵʮ㣬ʮһԺģֻеԺٿˡ
̧ߵʦõʯǰҪߵţȻɫһ䣡
תͷ󶫲ķ߽أˮ³ڣ
䣬䣡ը죬ʵĸ߿գͻȻ֮䣬ܲƺҪ
رɫ׻ۣԪ·УǷزϻۣڸ߿֮ϣγ޴С
Ƭ֮꣬УһϢȻȻǺꡣ
֮䣬׵罻ӣɫ׵磬Ա߲裬˸ͬ޴ϯأĩպƽٵϢ
Ӻ󣬷ֹɢ̫´ƺ̽ͷˮ³Ͽգγһʣһ߲ʵơ
һɫһɫֱˮ³֮ϣؾ˲䵹£ֱˮ³еϡ
عͷʹ˼һᣬԼʦķš
ͬʱ󣬲Ƿڱչأޣһ̧ͷˮ³ķ
Ѩһֳλ˲õˣ
૵صϣϲԺ֮顣


205 ͨ쳹

ɣãƺоĵҲһֱڵȴĵ
ԣƿʯҵĴţ˽ȥ
Ǵªʯң̨֮ϵδ˥ܣƺоʱš
Ϯɴɣþڶ棬Լʯ֮ϣ˫Ŀ΢գһֱ۾
ˣ
ƽº͵˵ͷʦ
ɣ
۾һ֣㼴ԣһʯ֮ϡ
Ҫˣ
š
󣬾ǳĳĬ
㣬͵ͻƻԪ˵һһֱû͹أ
Żһ̧֣Լ½Աߣһµ塣
ͨú죬ÿһָͷСһһö޻͸һɲɣϢһϵţԭǹ䡣
̧ĿȥȴôҲʲô⡣
ǣ
ЩɣЩɻʵ
ͨ쳹壬ӦԲʮ֮ڵɱκη紵ݶܲӾͶͳڵӵ󷨣аɽѪ֮ͬΪһر
սΣѵģǱϵѣǰǱΣдڣĻʽɡ
ǣʦ
֪ʦĺ⣬ҲģԼ֤ľܾҲֽܾܾӹ
ֲƺһ˿Ͻů⣬뵽ʦ֮ֻ²֪꣬вһֵĸо֮ģ뻳С
ʱпգ̧ϸڴϵã־һ²õɫþӨ࣬ٲԭ˿Ұ֮ԾݷãδȫҲԶˡ
ԶˣԼһȥǣˣֻҪʦãգΣ
Ҳ˰ΣεһУȷû˷ѣʵ˳Ľ
Ȼ֪ڵʲô̶ȣأСһ㣬ἱðսУҲܷܣ¡
ˣʱ佫ûʲô£ȥɣǵãһ·أǧҪŻң
ǣ
ԣվ׼뿪
뿪֮ǰĿһƳȴȻһͣ˽Ų
ͷǽ֮ϣһɫĳ
Ǳ䣬īϾʽţбһ³ϢϡԿˣһַˡ
Ŀͷϵ֮ϣԵһμʼбеǸҲڲزסԥһ£ǿʵʦ
Ĭһ£õĿҲ䵽Ľ֮ϣãЩǲʲôʵĶ֮ȻչһЦ
㲻һֱ֪ҵĹ𣿵㰲ȫսҾ͸㡣
á
ԣ֪ڲԸᣬô˵ҪԼƽȻˣ۾Ѹ
ʦһŻأ
䣬ٲԥһ񣬶ת̤߳䣬֮ȥ
ÿıӰĿƣǽ֮ϵǱɫ֮ϣþòƶһ¡

뿪֮󣬲ûȥǰ浤塣
Ƭ֮ɽһᡣ޳ϣư֣ˣ˶ʮǮڣѾȫ黹
ưڱչصУûͻơ
һαչأʱʮ֮ãᶼûвμӣء
֪ưֻûغǮ´ʱưֵһת֮󣬾뿪
˵Ҫȥս´ɫȻҲ֪޷ֹֻСġ
ԣ˵ͷ漴ȥৡƬ֮󣬱㼴ΪһСڵ㡣
ٹƬ̣Ѿǰ

˿̵ǰǺѹѹһƬڵӣͻƵԪģȫˡ
ʱվǰģλרеϢӴڳϡ
Уһ£վмģȻǱˣ̵ϣٽɱȨѨ۷Ϊ
콣壬һΣǴ콣սͬʱҲǱǰս߷Ĺͬ쵼ˡ
Ȩ֮£ˣֱɳӳϡ
ЩϣȨƣͬʱֽԼɽɳڵӡ
һӦ£ȫͶƱȻȨĻȨҲصģʲôԭϵĴ󣬷򲻻Υ˼
˶ô
ȨĿ䣬һɭϣ˿飬ʵ
඼ˣˡ
һ̵ϣһڻش
̵λϣͬͬȨһսԭΪģֻ򱾴漰Χ֮㣬֮࣬һ
ңвŵӣŵĺӣΪսǵȵطʮ׳£ȴŵδʧ
ԣӦģսɵĻԱҲࡣ
սøЩڵȥĵطȥ
Ŷˣ
ȨĿһɨнӴĿģ׹ߣ׷ױܿ۹⡣
쳱ǰӦѩ飬ڣʥ
̵ϣ˼ش
Ŷˣ
Ӧѩ飬ڣʥ֮ȨƲ⣬ϵһδһЩЦ⣺θպøǰսǰ˫˫ͻѨſϲɺصĴ£Ӧһ޷ֻǡ
˵ɫһ䣺Ǹ
ȻҲͬǰ֮ˣǣȨĿУȴࡣ
ǣڣʥӦѩ׷ͻѨ£ĵλ͸ˡ
ˣһҲǵȣӦѩ飬ڣʥ˵ˣûͰμսʸ󣬲
ȻϴĽ飬Ըʷˮ³Ⱥ£ȴѡһʲôҲûõķҩʮֲϲ
һݹȻ󣬿ˣǣһڵ˵ʲôſ϶ˮ³
ˣ
ŻԶǧǹ֮еӣһһڡ
ɫߣϢԨ纣üĿ信Ǳһڵӣڣʥ
ɫߣϻǧ˿£Ƴˣ콣һܳ˵ӣӦѩ顣
ڣ˶ѾͻѨڵˣֻ¼ֱ붥塣
ˣڵڵӰһ衣
ֻǣû˵Ŀ⿴裬չһ£˲δͻѨƺһ
ڣˣһһ̤ܵԪŻɫţһǳһ罣֣תɢһɿֲѹڵӣо𺳡
⣬ѨһѨͬˣͨ޵ߣһˣ
˸̾ĽڵӣĻ𾴣ʵĿ⣬ˡ
ӣˣǽ붥壬ֻҲͨӣǶУٿǰʮ֮еĴˡ


206 ս
˵Ȩ棬Ҳ¶΢Ц
һѨǱͬһˣȻѨڣѨ۷壬֮𣬵ѿԡѡơ
ȨڳϣǲӣȻ֮ģⲢӭˣ΢Цϲ
ֿϣºͣһƽյ侲ɱ磬ȻԱ½˭ˡ
̵ƹ⣬񷨵ˣԪ̫С£Ѩһ֮
ԣΪŻΪԼǰ;Ѩӣǵҫ
ˣǾˣƣ棬Ҳȫ޵λ
ϣ
Ӧѩ飬ڣʥȭΪ񣬲ҵ
ȻͻѨǲȫ֪µˣȨȻֵƽ׽ˣݵλԺǵʦƽƽΪӣȻԽ
ʹ콣ԭ棬ҲȨһȼ̵ϣ󣬿һӵλˣƣԳһϵ
ãӰɣ
Ȩһ֣΢ЦӦѩ飬ڣʥԣٴιһ񣬶˺󣬳Ⱥȥ
ȨĿһӰδ֣ˣˣϴɣһϴδ֣͵ԶȨ
˵꣬Ҳ˷ԣһݣ㼴һ·¥һľ޴ɫ¥Ծȥ
¥ͣʮ߾룬ߴʮɣʮɣͨȫðɫľɣʮ̷֧ʯϸ߿ա
޵պĴִСۡңϵȵۣȵ˴ڤԨɻġƷۡҪϡöࡣ
ԶУҪԽ½га֮ãͨ۸ֲסҲ޷֮Ķ
ͨԼ亮Ļװ岻̣ͻֱӹѣ飬ˣټʱʱֵСǷʤ
ûаװڵֵܻۣͨ޷ʤΣ˲ҪҾ͵ġۡ
Ȩϴλ̵ϣԼ峤ϣҲͬʱԾס
ӣûȨֻʵʵľ֮ȥ
֮ϣһ༶ĳݣڣʥӦѩΪףһһݣŷ֮ȥ
˷׷׵ۣˡһܵתʱתʮ׷ſ·һȶ
һ޴ܲˣɢ˷ǰĹ㳡ϣɳʯҶ׷ضһʱεΪ׳ۡ
һӣһʮڳϣڵӣϤۣݻҲأʼϸ߿ա
֮һڳСʵĲȻǸ𣿡
ˣ߰ɣ
Ȩɫ䣬ɫ䵭
ǡ
ϼ״Ҫ֣С
ڴʱԶһӰһӰӣʮ⣬һѾִǰٶȾȻþˡ
ǣ
֮ϣڵӣ׷¶ɫٶȣֻ¾ǰʮҲܼ
ǼڳϣҲɷ׷¶Ŀ⣬һ˿̾ٶȡ
˵ľ̾ȨҲɻعͷĿⶢԶ
εʹ⣬Ҳܽһ˿
ţ
׼ֱ۷ߣ˿¶ľٶȣ΢΢һ£ڻֹס˷۵С
Ƭ̺󣬡ৡһһԾֱӿԽʮɵľ룬ûݣͬһֻһ㣬ϾۣԾϴͷ
Ӱڵӷ׷¶𾪣Ŀ⣺Ȼʵˣ
һεڴȣҲŶʮڱ¶ģǰʮٶȣ
Щڵӵľ̾ȺУвˣ֪з֮£Դʱٿ۹⣬ֻʣ̾ûжٻɣʡ
Ϊףǿȵһͨˣ㻻Щ߼ԼҲֲס
ӲǼˣңʵһĽǳ֮⣬˵ʲô
ȨȻû÷Уվԭصһ˲ǣǶûʲôɫǰ
֪Ϊ˽ʲôأ
Ǹе飬ˡ
Ϊ⣬Ȩ湰˹֣ʾǸ⡣
ȻΪ;ȥ浤һˣԴʱ䣬ڲôһ˲ٵ۵ʱ䡣
ߡ
һߣȨԥΣҲûѵĻ˵ڡ
ϾڵӣҿΣʹһûȥˮ³ʵҲһĽδ̫Զ
Ĺ۸УҲ΢΢һЩ
Ŀһתʵû
ԣ֪ʵԼʦã˵ҡͷǸʦδȬֻһˣңǴ˽ս֮еĻӣ
ʲô
ǰĻȨ滹ûʲôӦΣȴȻ۾һ˵ʲôǻһӣ
ƾ㣿
ǰһ仰ʣһ仰ˡ
Ȼشֻ΢΢һЦһ֣ͳһöɫƣ߾ͷȨϣʲô𣿡
׷һöɫĻƣȨɫҲ͵һ䣬ţʲô
ӹƿۣųһ΢Ƭ̣ڽƻ˻ɫЩЩصˣǻʲôǷҲֻһӣҲ޲ɡ
ҳ˵ǰͷǻ飬ҲܣȵսҶֻһҪԣ
ǡ
ҲصͷӦ
Ȼ֪Ȩ⻰ʲô˼׼μ˾飬ȴʹͶƱȨȻǰųھȦ֮⡣
ЩҲ⣬ңⱾ˼֮á
֮ͨͻȻӦеݣΪ˴ȨգָӣΪ˱ⱻ˵ڻңΪ˵Ӷѡ
ԣȨĻ⣬ʡ鷳ԣشҲĳ⡣
״Σƺ˵ĲǼٻȨҲδУֱתͷǰһλϿڵ߰ɣǰս
ǡ
һӦ漴ֻӶ
Ĵֻ£Ĳ࣬ʱһǰǿ
漴ۣϸ߿գһͷת򣬳Ŷȥ
ԶԶأۻΪһ޴ĺɫС㣬ʧ˵֮в
·޴ˮɫĻ·ڲصˣ׷վԼǰͷƽ
һȥģֹǵϣǵδ
֪۵ķڻ֮ϣͬһʯŻ򿪡
һµãվڹ㺮̧ͷŽԶȥۣ۾дһ˿ĵǡ
һҪƽ


207 ɹС
Կֲٶȣڸɽ֮ϴУƲڽŵףܱ
ȥͬȻС˽֮
Ϊո̤ۣܶ˶ǳ˷֮飬һûʶȥ֮صΣա
Ǿһ𣬹ܾɫָ㽭ɽ֣׷żս顣
Լħɱķĺĳ
֪սħ潵Щħ֪һ룬ԴԴʵǿѪֲ
Ȼ񣬱Īĺĺڸشۺ󣬽ѹڱһǣǸΧȻС
󣬹кǧսȻȫҲռʮ֮һңħռݵĺ
дСۻɢΧһܹγһǵ״һϿָ
ϿǴ˵еѪ⺣Ͽ
ߣҲǳ˵Ѫǰߡ
֮ˣѪǰ֮ϽУżħͻูأ
Ҳǿߣʿħأ̽鱨磬˶ء
֮һԽѪǰߣһ㶼ûʲôý
ֱЩħͻȻַ֪ʲô裬ȻοʼӣѪǰߣ嵽½֮ϡ
԰ŽټԮͬʱҲǵ˼
սܴǰߣʹ󷽣شȻһ
ǰ߾ѪǰߣΪŴ򣬰ڼռһֱΪһȵȣһֱ
ΪսԣԱ䵽ģǱȽһ
ÿһ֮УһЩ޵ĳѨҲаڵķֲڵܲһһ͵ĺ֮ϡ
ǴС
֮ϣÿһʱգһλᡣ
ͬʱս֮УɱħޣõɹҲУһԼҪƷ
ʯף裬޵ϣɸݣرָ߽׹ҩģȵȵȵȡӦоУ
ԽǸ߽׵ƷֵҲԽߣ߽׵ĶЩǴʮİڳϣһֻ˿۲ķݡ
˴ΣҪ½ϲǰսһҪط
طֱϻС벿ݹԼɳẮ쳣ĺܵﱱս
;Уۻ϶ֻͣϻߣһСԼ󷽵Ϣ̶̰ͣ죬һʡ
գͻշѪǰߣ֧Ԯİս
һվϻ߾һؾ򣬻ʱ䣬Ҳ
ǸԾۼԼʶΧСӣ׼ս֮У֧Ԯˡ
սУ˶ʿģСӵʽܵŽһСӣȥ
Щˣʵ㣬޷ɴ͵񣬻߻ɱһЩ߽ޣһǽȫͬˡ
˷ֹܻԶԼһ˸ʮɹ
һֵ࣬գҪսΣգҲʮȫԴ
ԣ˶Լʵţ߸ԸȦӵһˣרԼСӡ
õɹСеĹ׶ƽ֡
˽Сӣ죬߼ʵǿߵСӣ߶ĳЩʵǿ߷롣
ܿ죬ڵӣͷֳ˴ССʮСӡ
һרеȦӣڵӣ߷߲㣬ôҶܶԶ֮
ȻʵʹڵӰУҲǰУǣһϲЩУʶˣҲ̫ˡ
ˣԸһԻüΪҪֶεѡ
ҲֵУûȥǣҲ
ڴϣڣʥݵؽӹһ漴׷ױܿ
˶֪ʱѰƵʱʹԶԷк֮ǣϣҲһƵᣬӡ
ڣʥȻЩͨڵӣԿһ֮󣬱㼴ֱӷɻԼĴգĿȹԼѨΪܻýһ
״һߵӦѩ飬ҲͶһۣͬ봬գʧ
ڣʥӦѩ뿪ˣ鶼ã׼Ҳ봬нʱһˣߵǰ
ˣŮʶŮһȴȻޱϤ
һϮ£ףֳһܰȻڴУҰ֣֮ӶʶٻŮӡڰԴ
߹֮󿴿ҿһˣ̲ס΢΢һЦʦ֣СӣһжΣ
Сˣӣٻ壬ʥٷ壬塣ϼɳһŲ󷨣ʮǿս֮ļʣҲࡣ
ţ
ĿЩԥ
һ˲УȻ룬ǿԼ߹һˣһƬ⣬ܾ̾
ûü˵УһӣȴԥһصҲͬ⣬ʦãԷһӶѣֻʹûüǿɴͬţ༰
ĴڣСӣ˵ǡң˵СӣѾȽˣʵڲٶһˡ
Ŷӣ޷ںϽǵְﲻæȴһ˷սǻô
ﻰ˼ʮֱġ
״ģʦҲۼʶġ
˵ģȻ̻ú쳾ѣͼž⾳ĵеӣȴֱҡͷ˵᲻רֻǣҿ˰ɡ
ҵʱӰСӵɹ̫ǿɽ벻ǰʮòˡ
ɹСɹС֮䣬ҲһÿǰʮСӣһĹ̶
ЩһЩСӣڵӰǰʮСռݣƾǼС㣬ȻҲ
ǣ˻һ⣬Ȼӡ
еӣҲǷ׷׳Ծܾƺ룬ĻǺһ㣬ʮֿܡ
״Ȼ
û뵽ԼһƬģΪ׾ٵ飬Ȼ⵽һµķԡ
ֻԱߣеӿµԭ
ⲢΪʵ㣬ʸСӣΪԷԼгԴף˼֮ġ
Ǳ߾Ůɮ١
òѿеӣڲ䱾Ѳ
ٶһƺλʦý黹ʮƵӣȻӲԸʮֲˡ
ԣʮǿӲķԡ
״ǲԸ룬üء
һ𣬾ƾ⼸˵ʵʩչԼ
ԣֱӿڵˣˣԼһ˾ͺáлʢ飬ˣӼλѲӭңﻹذɣ
˵꣬еʽ
״еӸǵɣԷ飬ʦãǻȥɣ
˵꣬Ҫصԭվĵط
Ȼ˭ҲϣȴͻȻһ˦䣬֣˵ǸΪʦֲǾǿߣƫҪһ𡣡
ʦ֣һСӣǵСӣԸ룬Ը˳ˣ
˵ֱ꣬ߵߣ۰ͰͿ
״ϵһĻòеӣԼȫסˡ
еӺڲϧ˵ȥĻóȥˮѾղֻüɫϣһŮӣǰȥȰ˵Ȱ˵
˭֪ŮӣǶУϲһڶӣȫΧһȥתˣû˿Լ
ԣôϿȥȰ˵Ͻ͵ҲգȻԷǣǾ߰ɡ
˵꣬ȿ粽ԭĵطȥ
״еһȻƬ̣ʵǲԸ⿴ǣֻú޺һţŭصһε̾һŻȥ
״ӣһЦ
Լ˭˭ˣţľ˵ļƣԹԼˡ
һӣ첻֪˵ʲô
ģĪĶСӱȷˡ
֧Сӣ˼ȡΪСӣ
Ȼǿ󣬶أڲֱͬӰָ֣ȡһ֣Ӳƴһ
κһ֧Сӵ֣뵽ǡ


208 ׷
ĪһСӣСӻֻˣСӶˣʮ˵Ĺģȫͬն
Ȼı⣬ǣΪԼСӣһ飬޷ܾ
ˣСӱСӰɣûսһеȵ˵
ʱ䣬ʮֿζͷľɫˣҲԵζ
ǣ֮ϣ˾ʾ֮ԼСӣǷ׷׶زգ
Ҳ⣬ǸԼŷ룬漴ԻݣĿޡ
ʱ֮Уһһֹȥܿ죬ȥ
һԽ޵ϻı߾һ򣬸
ۻ½ڸʮĵطҹǽڴ죬ʱڴ˳
󲿷ڵӣϴòͷˣԸԷ׷ȥ׼ٷء
״Ҳ֪һһۣͬŸ򻺲ȥ

ͬʱ۵ִ︡ͬһ죬ڵĴսҲԽϻ߾Ӳͬĳ򣬽뵽ϻء
ڵսԼʮ֮սĴ󷽻ۣȻٸԸϸԼս

ϻһ߻С
һգСϿգһҾ޴ɫۣͨ̾ӥͼߣʮɫС죬ӭԷ衣
ЩС죬֮ϣһ޴ĵͼӣͬͣͼ棬С֡
ˡ
·˵ľȣͷֱӻӹ뵽ϻڣ򲻸ģӿٶȣŶжȥ
֮޴ѹľϵˮ߷ֿһ롣
֮ϣʱѹһ޴İɫˣֱǾãŻָ
û֪ʱβ֮ϣŵӣڽ̸
ˣһˣڳ֮ϣһϧϧ֣֮ԵǰʮǿľŮӡ
ŵӣ֡ɴ
˿̣һɵɫ¯¯岻ӤȭСȻȴʮСɾ£һۼĸо
ȻΪֻһװƷǾʹˣΪ¯֮£ɴϣһɫ⡣
ɫ⣬ӳ¯°벿ݰ󣬵¯֮УһöҩϹ֮
ãȻһҩΣһεȻ֮䣬βɢС
ֻĻɫ㣬ŵһ㣬Ȼ֮䶼ҡͷ顱һ˷УֱԵˮУ˻
žž
ͷŮ֮⣬һŵ
ϸϸڴ׵޴ɫ֮ϣм䲻һͨƲ·ʱϡ
Ʋ֮ϣһ꣬ȴЦ棬߶һݣζ˿ҲͻȻˤȥӡ
ԶŮġ֪ҩѳɣۣԼŵһ
㣬ʦԽ¯ˣ㶼˷УˮУֻѵ㾦֮˰ɡ
߾ڣף㾦࡭ֻ֡
ܵͨһ׼Ǵ󲿷ڵܵļˣͻ㾦ѾһЩͼϲеֶΡ
˵ַķּһƫƧС磬գȴܡ
ĵ٩Ůȴɫ䣬ԹԵһĵ¯ʱ顱һһСɫ¯ǵ
һɫĵҩ󣬴зɳŮһУС
Сһպãſ˵ʦܣ㲻û츳ֻùϰϰٷ֮һĹ򣬻ϣͳԽˣڱժһŵĳƺ
Ǻǡ
ԣҲعͷͷ˫ۣͷͷա
ξ󣬰ʱ˵⣬һҲûмҪȥսĽţһʱӦеɢ
Ȼ֮䣬ֻһ֪һ˾ͽʦֻ᲻ҲǾкϷˣ
˾ͽʦ֣
ԣŮҲһ㵣漴ɫһ˿㱣֪Ӧãɣ
һ˿϶Ȼްգֻв²⡣û˭֪˵λ˾ͽʦ˭Ϊʲôڴ
˾ͽʦ֣ս
ɢ񣬺Ȼ֮䣬絶һ૵صһΣ֪ǻܻܲŻʦ㣬˵Զ𣿡
ҪϹ˵
ɴһڣȻãȻҲĬտڵܾ޻ڡ
ԣǺЦ˭û˵һδʱƵᣬǴս֮ǰеƽ

ʥɽһɽ
ɽϿգȻһȻЩһ㣬ͨڣ滹֧롣
棬úףֵ״һͬһֻڵĴӣһһԼεľйֵ
нӴȻķҰޣ븩ƱܲУ˿ײ
ιװ֮ϣһ꣬Ͽգᣬصа䣬һΣҲٰˡ
սеĳ裬ҶҪֻ
֣УʱһŲʵ췽УУɢһİ⡣
λãŤȻһɭɭȻĸо
˾źУΣչǰµӡ㽫ҵ֣Զϵһ𡣡
ǺǺǺǺǡ
걬һɭаЦЦУ˷񣬲ѱɱ¾Ϣһаݡ


209 ȺȺħ
ѩ
ѩڸȺɽӳһСȡ
Զ볾Ļ֮أطףȴ꺮ɫƺչⶼ͸
УһССʯݡ
ʯǰһˣ
ĵֱһɫͨϾӨ͸һ񵶣һ顣
ĵ޻һһʽͬ䣬ȴֲʧƮݡ
赽ѩ׷ɣ֮ϣѩ·һ׷ƮεΪ׳ۡ
ɫĵѩУ鴩͸ͬһߣΪؼ۵һĨɫ
ͣ
Ȼ֮䣬ͣסˣͣһֻƿնһŵֽ۳ɵֽ֮ǰ
ֽ׸ܵ˵Ϣ˲ȼգһ˿˿Ƶı̹ϸ߿գգڽ˵ǰγĸʺ֡
ս
սô
һ䣬񵶣ڱ󣬺Ȼ߽ʯݣƬ֮߳ѾһССİ
̤뿪ѩȣ򱱷ٲͷ

¡
ɣأȪʯһˡ
ڲ֮ϣһ޴ɫʯ֮ϣӽµǧ쳾ͷİƾɢϥϺһ֧ĳ
һϮѩ˳Ⱦü˫ĿǿգƴǧУȴڲͫһ㣬¶
Ȼϥ֮޷һϢ˰ΣȻսվ泯૵ٻսô
񣬿ɽȻɽۣѾ꣬Ҳǵóʵʱˡ
ֻǲ֪һΣڤǲǻȥһε󺣴ᣬҿûأ
䣬Ѿսʣһݣ˷·һֱֻӴ֮ԾȥͶããƣգۼ䣬ʧ
ΣȻҲǳ򱱷

ǹ
ӧ
ɭϵĵãİ
ھһɭϵᡣ
᳡Уһݱ䣬Բϴһľߡ
ǱһЩеͼ֮࣬һ֮ࡣ
ɢһɼȵ䣬бϢ˶ҿ֮ڣΧλȻȫǿյġ
עĿģбŵһǹ
Ǳǹɢһɱɫ󣬰߲߰ǹƺŸȾѪζֻһۣ˸оһͨĸо
̨֮ϣС
Ƭ֮һ췢ʦһ˿Уʾᣬϸ̨
ҪģħڣΪ̱һƷȱѧΪʮ
ȣҪǣŹаףһ㣬Ҫɱ¾ʮ޹ˣȡѪɡ
ԣ˹ˣһЩڼɵ˷֣ͻȫ׷ɱˣиλھ֮ǰǧ򣬲Ҫۡ
ʮļۣǮÿμӼۣõʮ򣡡
䣡
ȻȻһŹߵظ֣ۺУ׷׳ۡ
գۣݹӣȴչһǵھᣬͱĵһۡ
һǧ򣡡
ͻȻһͻأ漴Ȼ˶һطȥ
ǸбһڳǹĺˣȻվؿڵ
˾Ȼ
ĵ׼ۣһӼӵһǧ˵ղѾ۸ӵһǧ򣬵һӿǷˣǿˣ
ûٳڣֻǲƵضˣ׼߳᳡ʱ֡
գɫʾᣬһŮ͵ǰ˽ӹǮҪ£Ȼ䣬һͨ壬ɢҫ۶ĿĹʡ
ţ
΢΢һִǿƣ˰ΣƹâɢȥȴȻվ
ǸȥǸطʱôҲãƷ棬ҲѾѪܾ˰ɣ
뿪
Ȼٲʣµһֱۣӱǹ֮ȥ֮ǹϵأƵ죬Ȼͬһ߹ľڵС
ͷŹߵĺˣ࿴һۣ˵ͷҲȺȥ
ɣ
һ˾վһЦعͷһ˵
ţ
ͷĺ˴Ӱ߳ǰڵˣ
ָճڣδü˵֣ͼĺ˺Ȼһ̧ǹ
ͣ
·һţޣ˻ûзӦʺһʹ漴ʧȥ֪
žһصء
˿ҲһۣǹһһŶȥ
Ӱ⼸ûü߳ĺˣ޲гңͷ֮ϣ¶ĺ顣
ֻôһɲ֮䣬ǾȻ·ʬɽѪͷ߹һ⣬ȫʪ͸
뵽˴̳ǹһ̣ǾȻֲֿͷ·ԼֻǹµһȺϣܡ
ɷɱǣҺԼû֣Ȼ
£ź뿪ıӰһȻ

ǱһСׯƧ쳾ѾãԶȫϱߡ
ҹ
˴ׯȻ嶫ͷһ޴Ļ£ȴȼʢ
һȺͷߣµĴڹ£ԣŹĵ㣬һص赸
赸һĹϵϢǵֿһʮѿԡ
Ǵ˿̣ҹټϹĵϢȴһĪĸоͷȻҲܾã貽ʮͼֵˡ
˴壬С塱裬С衱
˵ÿİʮ壬¹ʢʱڴ嶫ͷùŻ£赸н赽ػׯӶʹ꣬ȷա
Ȼƽ˵Ĵ䣬պȻһͻȻĿˡ
ˣһСŮðװۣ಻ʮ꣬һϮҺã˫ĿüбɣͷǶñƷˮ壬ϬǷ
һȺϵĴм䣬Цؿмڴеľ׳裬ʹҲζ
񣬶ͻȻϴһ˿˿ϢСŮʼмֽ䱸
죬ģ˵⣬ʮ顣
ţ˵貽ѽӽβһʽҪ
ڴʱǸһÿ֦֮ϵİŮȻվɫ䣬һֵϢ
ֻ֣΢΢Ц
Ļ֮䣬ƺһֵħͻȻΧԱߣˣоһƣģȻҲ۾
Ϊ׵һߣоãŬҪվѳˡ
㡭
ָֻһ£漴㡰顱ȻһԵԲѣҲûһ˿֪
Ůʱȥαװԭʧ
ߵΪ׵ǰƬ̺һȭͷɫӣ¹¿˿漴һЦջԼС
ʥ飬ҵˡڳϣҪң־͹ǣȴ֪ˡ
˵꣬һЦ̧ȿгϣһݣ㼴Ϊһ̣ʧԶ
뿪֮󲻾ãׯȻͬͻȻһסó湷УҲٲŷϢ
һɫĻ䣬ױܿ죬Ҳ塱֮ƺͻȻ


210 ħǣ
öĻ
޾ʻģ̵ģ׵ģϵģ۵ģƵġӳһεΪ׳ۡ
˴γһƬ
м䣬һռʮû˴죬޷ľ޴ׯ԰
ƧϽһǧҵӵء
˿̡
ׯ԰ڴһ¿̵ĸʾơ
սΣﵽԪϵӣԸ£Ѫǰߣˮ֮
ʾǰһһˮҵӣ󲿷˿֮󣬶֮ԱǣΪ
갲֣˭Ϊʲôսȥǰƴ
ǰȥĵӣųɾŻѪǰȥûǰ;û˵ڼúȴʵưһֿûΣա
ƻʱ֡
ʾǰˮҵӶɢˣڴʱһѩ׽ʿɫɴıŮ
ʾʱŲͣôһ˲󣬼뿪ɽׯһС¥󻺻
үүҶһѪǰء
ţѪȼѪƴû˻ѧҪʲô
Ҫǰս
ӣˣ
ǡ
ðɣ
˳ĬƬ̣ʯ£һúѪɫᣬݸŮ˶ףЩΪȼѪΪ
ȴҪõЩһ̣ôѡ񡣡
֮ʣΣ٣ԸıʱʧһʧһЩΪ޷Ĩȥ䣬ʲô
ȽЩԼ˵һֱҪĶǶô΢
ӣȥգһ·ء
ǡ
ŮӽӹǾѪᣬһ񣬶˳ȥ
󣬴߱飬ȴִһ˿˸еǵȥ㸸ĸУ
Ůӻһ漴ٴιһ񣬵ǡ
Աϣ԰УһǳɫС¥
ļңһů۵磬Ҳǰʮ꣬סĵط
ӽҪӴ˶ȥˣܲٻδ֪

½ƫһ磬ԭǰĵط
Ϊӣɳϣʱ£һˮϡʵڲʺפ㡣
ڰ﷢չüïʢǵ´
֮ءĵطһħǡ
ħǡУһ޶̨޶̨֮ϣӮħǼڰѳ֣ò岻롣
ǣԴǸˣͲһˡ
ա
ħǺķûг겻ϵķɳǶһ¥¥֮ϡ
һˣ״
ݣֻõıӰڴǰ泯·ϴһϮɫۣͷڣ֮ϣŰ˵Ѫɫ˿ɵı־
ǡ޶̨˰ʤı־ټԹħ޶̨ǰδеǧʤ
˺žƣźţƺͿˣϣֻСɵƿҡҡȻǰһλ̵ľƱ֣ɣͷһ֡
գඣ
¥һλ˿̣Զžͣơ
ɫľߣ㵹ھƺ֮УɢһɱϢڲͬĵطҲ¥֮˳ԭ
ΪǱģҲ֪ȷɳĮյıشλߣŪġ
ȡƺԼһһλ߼״ضͣ¥ȥѾҪµ¥ݿڡ
ڴʱȴȻһѾߣɣҾζʣһ˶ʮģҺȼ
ԣɫ͵һ䣬ļһ˲ƺʲô·һЦص
ү˵ЦˣС϶ҪвʵھģС϶﹫үһСˣ޲ɡ
ãҾͦá
˭֪Խס䲻ţ΢΢ЦһһҪƵļơ
ߵɫڳױˡ
վԭձһһֱͦʱ¥ϵ˲žξȻΪߴ۾֮УҲԭĻƻǣǶŻһľ⡣
ˣþգҧסһͲţ׳µġ
ôƣ
ЦˣһУ֪ʱǺһɫƺͳС
ݵߴߵǰ΢΢Цһ㲻պ¶ƵĽš
ţ
ߴг˲˼飺Ѿ֪ˣ
Ǻǣ㿿ҵһ̣Ҿ֪ˡ
Ϊʲô¶ţ
Уǲʡ
û¶ţձ飬αװܺã񣬶ԭϰһп룬Сֺúη壬ԭȷӦȱ
ôģ
ŲĽŲ̫ˣһͨˣľʵϣǡˣˣˡ𡣡
㣬һǣнľˣûаΪȻ·Ҹûа취ĽŲǾͲˡ
㲻Ѿ
ߵ۾Уǲ˼顣
ҳҲ޷޶̨ϻð˰ʤˡ
˵Ȼһۡһһɶƣɶƣ֧ڵ֮ϣ˲䣬ľʵĵ淢һ̡õľʵ棬Ȼ˲丯ʴ󶴡
ÿµĶƣ
ˣʱܵţ±ϣ׷˱ܣ޵һ¥ȥ
㼸ģҲֻԶԶţҿֺ
㡭
¶֣һƻҪץסͷץȥı
ȴ˿Ϊ⣺ŶưסڿУֻҪӴƤ˿¡³ʱһ³˵ңûжأ
˵꣬һƵᣬץסߵƣԭء
΢Цһ죬ģ˵ɣ˵Ļʹ֮ˣһʵ㲻˵Ҳֻ֪֤ѡ
˵
˵Ļߴȴ鶸Ȼþ֣ƺ˵֮˵֣˼ȵĿ־塣
ܣȻһģۡһҧԼеһңʱʺɫĶҺ˲ûʺ
ֻһϢȫ죬Ѹöԭֻʣһ̯Ѫˮ
ɶһ
˸оԣȣȴѳˡ
ǧѣʲôһŸ֮ĸѣǧףȴʲôܱѰһѰķס


211 ƻۣرɫ
Ǻǣ
Ц䣬˫ټ۾Уͬһš
ָ⣬һɫ˿ң˿ͬԼһ㡣
һ˲䣬·סȫòֻܿ΢¶һīͷƺ˿ҵײ
СҲʱʱˡ
ħǣĳŭ
ҹħǷ꽻ӣ˰һ꣬ҶƮҡ쾪ضĿ磬ҹգƹ򣬳Ϊ֮쾰
ħڰ֮䡣
Ǹ޶̨ϣһǧδ֮˵ǧʤˣ̣ҲӴʧͬҲûгֹ
ݳ˴˵ҹֻһ󣬴رһƬš
һҹκʱ򶼺ڡ
ڶ죬ɢ壬ȴֱκʱ

ããĮ
һУһӣջɳ֮»ǰС
ӲһЩҲٱǴʮ
ıڽһ۵ɣ滹зŻądӡ
װҲǷҲʲôޡһӣһήҵˡ
ǰһС
شŵ滹װһˣȻɣ˿оͷҲûðһĺ顣
ǰ𲽼䣬͵һ¥ǰʼԵ
ǵСؿа˸ߵֿ˿վ¥ǰһ㣬̬ȳϿҵĺУЩη壬ȥһ׷ݸС
нӹĳлȴûһԼʳãƵǸήҵǰ
ʩţ

УǸˣһΣǰһɰͰ͵׷Թ޲޾ƣ·ڤУ㲻˵ֻǰץȥھ꣬ΪʲôҪҵܣ¶ޣһӲһȶûҪˣˣ
˭֪Ǹԣȴһ򶨣ʩӯһʱ޿̲ͼ
˵
˵ǰһӷ𡱣˵δдδԿڤԴ˾ħ࣬һ徲̫ƽ
˸ŭˣúúãΰڲٸߣⶼԼ¡
ֻԼ䣬Ҫҳʲôһֱĳ𣿡
֪֪ұǿԷ˰ݣ˿ûˣԷ
ڤҺ㣬һգҪĳɱ㡭ǧ򵶹УҲйͷ֮ޣ
ӷ𣡡
꣬ȴɲ˿ӣƽ͵ؽ͵ʩһֱ⡮ħdУȷʵСɮĲǣίʩˡ
ʩ˼ܣǼưٳСɮеɮǿزסֻʱߣٱ飬ϣʩһ򣬻۸
ʱʩͿһճ⣬ػˡ
ʩҪɱСɮع壬ʹ𺣣ʲôʩҪɱǱɱɣСɮһ΢ܾһѿຣԸӣ

УһںޣˮҪÿٱˣҶ䶼Ҫˡ
ʦʥɮ棬ǣСͽܰɡ
ҴˣĴˣұ֤ңһڣϴĸ棬ˣӴҲɱҲ⣬ҲҲ¥ˣ
⣬һׯأٴε𣬵ӷʩѾˡÿٱȷá
ȻˣӼСɮԸΪʩΣľٱ顣һ٣һ٣ٹãʩܴ󳹴򣬹ҷˣӷ𣡡
ԣ˫һڣܸɴֱһͷ˹ȥ
ȴƲΪ⣬ƺǰһĻ˾ռˣСһˮֱһͷȥ
ٴѣ˫۴գûһ˿ʣѾ˫˫ʱʤˡ
н׷ٴι黹С˿ɫӣűȥ

ϻ֮꣬أһͨ촣صı
Уһˣվǧĸǰһϸϸж
Ȼгһߣƿն¹£ȻһֱֱӣԣˣϢؾټ֣ĿĵأѾǰս
Ǻǣڳˣ
˷Ŀ͸ǧ֮ıݴ󣬱һƻˣǱӻء޽꣬Ҳˣ
ؾټҡ
һټ˾ˣҪô
΢΢һЦָ䣬Ȼȼ޾档
澹Ȼ֮ͬ⣬һ˿¶ȣȴʥϢеǾճޣҽûһ㡣
߰ɣСףҲʱ򣬼Щ˵ʱˡݴΪѷϣһƱ˹ˣԶôǷȥΣҺڴ
ӰһˣȻҲһ׵ΣİߣƷȥȻҲǰսķ

ͬʱ·ӿ֪жǿߣϢӦԵ׷״˷սķ۶
ǣĳһطǸطԶǼžŵģһƬţֻŭŷХ
ˮˣʯʣɭȻܣɭɲ
һأϴ£УֻзʲôشŵˣŻ˵ĵط
˷ŭţ¶ޣƬ򣬷·һƬɫ
ûжʳҰݶһ꣬¶ܷ絶˪̣棬ѱǧٿס
ʱƽûϴ£ȴһ˫΢ףߴĻɫᱳӰ
ıӰƺܿܵǳ£ȴƺܲɣͬá

ͻȻһ̾Ϣ·ĳˮ˫֡
һ˫֣ȴӨƺõıɣۼһ˵Ϣ
һƻطֿˮȻѿճһ޴
һԾ£ųˮͬλãһڵĴš


212 ڣʥԼս
ܾǰ򲻹½һʮƫƧĻ磬һɽɽˮˮСɽ塣
ǣԴϻڴ磬ʮƫƧСɽ壬һҹ֮λҪ
Ϊ˫ԲԷԼ߾в̫صĳУֻܽǣӦ˶
ٺͨޣͨһͨŦҪҵˡ
ԣ˴ΪʵûгǽûκһһЩСͳеġ
ĳЩ˵й֮
֮󣬲Ƭ̹򣬾˳ָ˸ڡ
һڣȵĸܾ֣ǳ֡
֮źʯ壬뻮һĴҵʳ¥¥ջҩ̣꣬õȣӦоС
߱߿ʵҲûһĿĵأҿ͵ɢġ
УǽڴϢһٻȥ
տʼʱʲôʣȻϴʱʹҲЩԲˡ
ֱֹۣŮӹ֣ߵһҾ¥棬飬ȥԷ
ȻЩᣬǵͷͬˡ
ڵСк֮£߽¥һĺľ¥ݣ¥ȥ
ڴʱৡһһ׹⣬Ӵ⼱Ϯֱ󱳣಺
εڰ׹ƴһʱ̣Ѿһͷ˲һ
ž
һöŰ׹ֽųС
򿪣ۣһдСֵֽš
ĵֽϵֿۺɫ˲عͷȥȴ˿Ӱ
ʲô
ʵ
ԴӳΪһС֮˵Ĺϵ࣬ȻĺѣҲͬͬˡ
Ȼȴûлش𣬷֣µصǸʦã޷ˣԼȻȥе˽Ҫ
ԥһ£ǿڵ֮ǰһûлصۣ͸˵õˣԼϵս
ţ
һ㶣ɫ֣أµǷʲô飬ҪסѯһȴѾһֱӷ
·һֻشŵĺֱԾ¥˸Ѿڽֵʧ
׷֮쵽գ޺޵ضһţȻҲ޷룬ֻôҴҳԹ緹Ҳû˼ȥˣֱӷصۡ
һҹδԽԽǲշת࣬ߣֻԴ顣
ڶ죬δѾǰȴķɽգŽӡ

˾¥֮󣬾һ·򶫷жȥƬ֮󣬼Сͷһʮ־޴Ѫɫɽ塣
˴С塱һ߻ˮһǧɸߵͱڣֻƽˣɽʮվиһշ
Ȼȴͣһ·ԮϣϾ;ľɫ
Ƭ̼䣬ϵ÷嶥ĿһȻѾһ꣬ԣվһ֮ϣ΢΢һЦ
飡
µ棬վ档
һΪ㲻
Ǻǣ㶼˵ˣܲ𣿡
еŰɫֽ΢΢һЦȴñ䡣
ˣǿԺú̸һ̸ˣ֪ǵôôҲԶѨġ
̧ͷڣʥԣˣ
Ҳܲ˵޴໹ֻ޷ѨˣֻԶҲزȥˣͲ𣿡
ɫ䣬ģǺǣΪһң
㣡
ڣʥͱЦҲòϣȷмʵ㻹ûпʵΪԼԪʱԽսһܶԸѨˣƾ㣬䡣
˵֮ǰҲֻǰ벽Ѩ㻹ǻԪڣȷһսѵĻᣬ
ٺЦдһ˵ĳ֪ԪѨȻͬľ磬˵ͬնҲΪȻˡ
һԴ㻹ûͻѨȻ֪ϧգҪΪԼһʱ̵޴Ĳشˡ
ɫɲΪ˵ûУ˵˾̸°ɡҲǰҽϻİɣȻˣǾֱɡ
˵ɣڣµν
ڣʥһۣȻЦҲã㻹֮ģΪԼѳȥ
ҲãսŸȤζʱʧܾӣһȤ͵ļֵ
۾΢΢һһٵصھ͸㣬֪ڵģһָ
ǲǸоʲô취Ƴ鵤ҩ޷
Ĭȷˡ
Թְ취Ȼʲô취ȴ޷ǵɫùȥֻѹơ
ڣʵͻƻԪڣǵҲɴڣǿޱȣȻһֱǱ״̬˭֪ʱٱ
ԣҲֽϣڣʥ˵ڸ֮ϣĻ֮ԼȻ֪ΣգҲһԭ
ûп˵ֻǿԶڣʥ
ڣʥı飬Ц̶ǿɲȻѨǻԪҲС
ҸĽⷽսʱضûƴ֮ģһֻҪץסᣬֱºֻɱ㡭ʱԶҲûлˡ
ٺٺٺ١
Цϣȴ¶ڵﲢͨô򵥣ǹơ
֪ʲôǹƣϽǰһСɣŹ֮һơʳѪҪԶ޷
ǲǾѹסˣǴǲܵģΪѹƵԽɵñԽҡƳǱѪڣɻ١
ľ֮飬ԿڹЦȻҲûйƶ֮ǾǷ߾ѧ֮һ
㲻µӣžѧһֻҲûлģҪġ
ָǰҡҡ֮⣬мɽ⣬ӵзϢľҵ߱̫һԪݵȣԿɽ
ֻǣҩֻһӣҲҲģ
꣬Ȼһ
̫һԪݣ
ҩû˵ҩ͸ҩС
Ҳ׵֪ڣʥ׵Ľⷽ׵ĸһºѼ䣬֪ҲҲ
ʱ;ô˹أȻôҲȥĳֶӣȴû뵽ȻǶҲָһδţδĲ̹ƶ
ûзŹûзʥ̫һԪݣ޷
ϵǱһɫ·ߵƵֶڣʥĻ
ܺãʲôţһգҵ֮ڣһսԻ㵱ܵһָ֮ɣ
ǺǺǺǺǣ˻ǲ֪ߵغ񣬼Ȼˣұȫ㣬Сӣסҵ֣ϣ𱨴ԩ
ڣʥҲҹζ࣬һݣѾֱֱس۽
¹µ·һɫ磬һģĸоȻ岻ѧƷӰ
ѨԺٶȸˣңȻѾ걾ӰŴУȻʱж̣Ҳ˵Ӱĵز
ķɶһģһĲӰ
ӰǴӰһҪʱãɿ˵ķ
Ȼʱ伫̣ҹߣǣսʤһ˲֮䡣
һ߱仯֮;һսʤ
ݹʥ֣
漴ڣʥ˫֣˫ʮָ˲ѪÿݸСѨʵ¶š
֮һɫĽۣҪǰϣǻ˵á


213 Ʊ
֪ӲӣӶȥ
ͬʱһУὣ֣һʽͼžһʽС
ֲĽ˺Ѵأݻľ޾Ŀ磬纮ϯŭİ
Ȼ棬ڣʥȴ¶м֮ɫ
С
ص˫ݰ׵֣ȼһٰ׵Ļ棬һһƣ㽫ķὣһߣ޹
ݹʮ
ͬʱٴһָ䣬ȻһƬĺɫͬѪⱻ˺ѣɭɲ
ڣʥԳľѧݹʥ֮һ߹ľС
ʱʩչѨʵӳϣֻѾӽﵽƷĳ̶ˡ
ٸѹԪڣѨڣȷһ죬һأֽȻͬľ硣
ǰԽСսûиоֻһؿĲ࣬ȴ֮𣬸ûл֮
оϢ裬˷ƺȫڣʥӰ޿ˣ޿ɱܡ
һҧ｣תʹͼžڶʽձ
Ľ⣬·һͻȻţڣʥĿݹʮڰкȻײһ
顱һ졣
ڣʥβɫ糣ȻȴɫȻһ䣬ˣۡһһѪӿ
ɲǼ䣬ɫѾò԰ֽ
ǺǺǣţҲȻˣٽһУ»Ȫ
ڣʥ¶Цɫת䣬һ˫֣Ѫ˲䳤Ȼٴһ䣬ʩչһûмĹ
ħӡ
֣Ͻӣһɫһɫͬɫ߽һʮֹֻۣһۣ͸һۻҵĸо
һӡĳ˲оأУ԰ѣ³һַ꽻ӣ޿ײĸо
˲Ϣ
ͼžηڵĵѸٱߣͬʱҲоһɣ޴İˣǧٵ⣬ϣڣʥħӡ
Ȼһʱ̣ЩУ·λӰڣʥָ֮£׷飬ɢ
һݣǰһڣʥһ޴ӡڰеתͬһ޴ӡһֻصĸо
ֻǰһڣҰУ·ֻʣɫһƬɵɫԼ񶼻΢΢
ѹƾն·һɽ˷ѹ֪ܳɣٳɣ̡
һ̣֣أһׯ£ʹԼܴãҪͼžĽҲʹõͼžһ
̬䡣
磬ƺȻ֮˻ɫὣӣ֮ϣȻһ㱡׵磬ط
һ̣ѽԽⷢӵޣͬﵽƷɫĽ⣬һ˿ɫ·ڳ顣
ֻʣ䣬žĺ䣬ġ
ţ
ڣʥ΢䣬ƺûϵȻܷĽУ漴ͱɱ⣺Ȼˣ͸㲻ˡǾͬ˵һҪˡ
ֺɫټȻӿһǿҵĻƹ⣬糵һ㼱ת
һɿµƣʱϷɢأ񷡣
Ѩơ
һѾﵽ۷壬ǣڴ֮£ȴһ˲һ˿
еķὣҲ΢΢һΣͼžĽȻҲӲȥ
һʱ̣顱һȻʱһˮɫĻ֣ȴȻǷ޴󲻶תɫӡţһѪɵȥ
Сӣ
ڣʥ˿Ϣֺ֮ɫаȵ˫ۣŨҵɱ⣬òѰĻᣬʧ
Ԫƣ
ڵƣͬǧ仯ر磬ɫһ˲ȫʧڻ춴
ֲֿ⣬˲һҪûĸо纣оۣƮҡ
һʱ̣ޱȴ
֪ǾһУһнӲ£һ̣ҪڣʥһƳ״ݻ٣һѪⶼʣ¡
һҧ֪޷ɫһݣһӣڲȫ߶ָһ˲ɫҲһϸϸܵƬ
֣ΪһֻĦ֮צ·ƣӭȥ
ܿռ䣬Ȼһ󡰸֨֨ͬܲסҪ飬ֻħצƷ
Ʒපצһʽ޼䳤飡
ף
ڣʥ״΢΢һƺûϵȻһצʱһֲ
ɫľצڰкȻײ顱һ죬嶼£ɳ䡣
ɫ˲ͨԪƣһƺڣʥǰһѵõĻᡣ
ڣʥ΢΢һѾתߣɽ±ȥ
֪Ƕ֣ɽڣûգֻҪӹһ٣ƣͻѨûлᱨý֮
Ǻǣӵô
ڣʥһ㶣ţȴ΢΢ЦΪܶһһаƷʽҵĶˣӵùҾ׼ɱ֣
ֳʵԽǿԽ㲻ãգȻļա
۾ƺȫӦʲôûߣĬĬһ

šֳڣָ䣬˲һӨС
Уһֻɫ·ָưСͨȴʮöѪɫߵС棬Ѹٿή֫һɵӲ֮漴žһת
ͬʱԶڣǸɫİߵ㣬ͬܵʲôǣҲ޷ѩҩƣȻۡһֱӱ
䣡
µĶ˲ȫܿƣʱʼܣһ̣ͷð
һԣѾֱӳɽ¹ȥ
ʱڣʥХһѾٴɱΪûзߵ׼ô֮Բ⣬Ϊ⣬ɱﵣ
ƳƳ棬Ǻǣ֮ƣһһֻҪһٵֻĸ棬ڵֻӳͻ˲壬УҲͲԶˡ
һǲܷģҵ£һѰԣСӣڰɣڰɣ±ӣң
䣬һĳɫӡֲɭϱһСԪơ
䡱һ죬һ˫ۼ緢ڣֻüǿ֧ſһˮɫ֣漴ؿУػ
һѪȪ漴顱һ߷ݣԶԶ׵ȥϾѵǧ֮࣬һ̤գʱ£ɽʯ䣡
ڣʥ磬һӶ±̽ȴǧɸߵɽ£ǺããһƬκΡ
ˣܶڱ඾Ѿ֫ٸл·ˡ
һգбٲȥһʧٵϢشڣֻ¾Ҫˡ
Ȼȥ̽һ£ʱʵڣʥɫһ䣬ٻͷȥɽϴսһĺۼ
漴μ۵ķ򼲱ȥ


214 µأ
Ѫɽϵ£·ˮ죬һȪ
ȻһƧĹȣ羰ﻨ㣬ٻţʱȻͬͬһָ硣
Ϣǿһ۷죬ȥȴһ
ֻϷ֣嶥ǷԽס̾һ
Ǵˣ
ڣʥȻĶ֣δûһƴ֮
Ӳ¾ģʹþӡڣʥпɥ¡
ֻǣ̫ӡΪԼлڣʥߣԳôһ˲
ôһ˲ڣʥԼڵĶƱͷʹʹþ̷ûʹõĻˡ
ôҲû뵽ȻܿԼڵĹƶ
һЦƣټϴʱİûڣԴֿʼʹ
رγҲǵ㣬·ǿգͷ֮żʶԽԽңԽԽҡ
һɲǣܸɴģͷһΣٴ˹ȥ
ʱһһֹȥת۵ڶ
һѹ
ԼһܽɵУʯϵɫܣԴ̣ҶӼ࣬ʹܴôߵɽˤû
ܿϷѵۼȻԼһ·ڶסȴ˺ѣֱͣ
·׵£ԼʱѾֻвʮɵľˡ
ЩڣԼֻһΣǴѣˡ
ˮˮ
ֻظ֮䣬۵òԼģ΢һ¾ʹһ¡
ڣʥһƣȫʹǿһ֣ɱ׾ٵĻƣ߹Ѿȫϣ֫ٺһۣһʹ
Ȼ·
һŮ
磬ɱͷţѾ㹻ǳˣټϻ֮ǰ洢ĴɣαҪôðգϴɻһսɵƻûиȫء
赨ģƤ񣬲ˡɻȻɲ⼸ѾõòˣȥǰһߣǱһѩûζʮַҴһЩײӡ
οҪʵͲ࣬͵һбܵĥʹࡣС˶ͦסҽôΪڷ絲ꡣ
ǣ硭
Ů˵ȴֱӴϣڵˣҴȥգһձػأ㲻õģЩѩȻڶ࣬ǵʵǿֻֻͻȻȥס
ɡ
ŮȰס꣬תߣȻüͷһ壬ֵصףôѪ
Ѫ
ŮһӾסˣŵܵ̽һͷ⸽޲Ƕɾϴγһͷ޻ǰǰôֻͻȻѪѵһͷܵǵظˣ
̫ЩѪѪûôƽ壬ȣȵȣң
꣬һԹһũװĴü꣬üͷĴһȦûзʲô쳣ɻ䣬žδ𣡡
һѪ£ô겱
һ£ŵǰһᣬ̲סɫ΢΢һǡѪζȣ߲죬ȫͱڣ˽룿
̧ͷϷȥղǵѪǴϷ¡
Ȼһ̧ͷܿ췢˶ߡ
ԭһһʱƺ׹䣬ҵöᣬٶж۵ļ
·һ磬ȴһʵʵ״״ԿһӵӰ
·ѪȾ죬īɫ͸һɴ̱ǵѪζ
һˣ
ص
ŮȴԵЩ棬Լ󣬳Ϸ̽ͷȥƤ
ۺȴֶһƬѪζЩ־壬η˰Σųٳɵص磬ô죬˺ˣҪҪ̧ؼȥҽΡ
ҲѾأ
ȴûôֹ̧ۣϷĮôߵɽˤܴļʼһҿ״ڵɽ֮ǰѾˡ
ǡǡ
ŮҧҧָҲ˵һ仰ֻõһʤ߼Ȱ˵ɣǲǻ
Ҳá
ԣһݣȻԾʮɸߣɵڵ֮ǰץסһǼһ
ȵϢ
üͷһ壬ЩԥȻ˿Ѫ߰ߵȴ̲ģ̾һ
ѩ⺢ӾˣģҲʲôˣȻԵȾһѰɡ
˼ٴ١
ǶԼʵţ뵽һ½ֱӷ·һһһԾ𣬷·һƬƶ䣬¡
飡
һӣԴһ΢ʶǵĻȫڶУֻ˵
ֱͦͦڵϵ£ǣؿھҵƣʱ̲סһѪǺ
ѽ磬Ҳǵģ˼Ҷôصˣ㻹ôأֲմԻޣû˶ˤô죿
ղѪηԶ֮ȵ汻ȴֲˡ
һЩ˵СһæӸǰС
ÿɢͷϵҷȻմ˲ѪϡԿһ忡ݣһƺС¹ײһ£ˡˡȻ˵úأãͦÿġ
䣬ȴ꣬΢еˮˮ
ȴǱֱһӣǣƣַ·һů
оȫһ̣᲻һ㾫ֻопڸ̲סٴеˮˮ


215 ϸ
ˣ
ȴŮĽϽһ¹Ƥңľһڡ
һȴǺѪˮǣŮȥ
üԱ߿һĻü΢΢һ뷢ȴסˡ
һ߿֮࣬ٴγоȫ˺ֲܶ࣬Σʧһɣٴκԥε˹ȥ
⡭
Ů̧۰Ͱ͵ؿԼĸ硣
ü걾תߣŮˮģɱֻغһˣҽͲȥɽˣȥ
֪ԼæñضҪһ˱˻ȥƾõʣô顣
ǲԸ껹߹ȥһ漴ͷһ˦һֻԻҰһ
ڼͷ֮󣬵һȥ
ˡ
Ů״ϲ۶ϲóݵ
״бŭӯ״̲һûкһٶȱøˡ
ŮŸЩ͹ƽ·ߣһһ£ɫӲ԰ˣ̲סֹһĵģ
Ҳ֪ٿʱϲɫԥ룬վûйֻ¹ƤңæӿŲȥ

תһС䣬һС֣һһŮУһ¶ӳһеСݡ
ЩСݶüª岻éݼʮƬɣȲۣҲʵ
ȻƧҰУܿСݣѾʮֲ׵ˡ
꽫һ䣬ֱӷ£Ůæȥϸ쿴˿δѣһ
һ·˿ٴѿǺѪ
Ů棬һéȡһƤպˮ֮ϸãһһʮֽϸġ
ֱϵѪȫϴɾŰݣóһײؿڵ˿ڰһ£¸һԼĿ¡
ԼæԭǼãճѪİɫ۸ȥϴ첹
䣬ŮһֱһƵվԱߣԼòæµ󻹵£ǲԸı顣
ֱ뿪СݣϴǼѪǰȥϴŸ˳ߵһ䷿䡣
漴дһϸ˵ʮ䣬͵֮𣺡ߣ꣬ӣأѩȵۣ֮Ʈ
ֻϸһߣʮֲѩ⣬Ҳδ
֮˳µ׻ָž

һѾǵڶˡ
һ⣬ббشϣʮּªǼͨԲľϼƬһéݣӿƤ˼ª񴲡
Ҳܼªһ֧һ᳤ֻǵģ״ֵľ޴ţͷɵƤ
Կóһҵԣʮƶʱﻹ˵ЩæϢȴԼڣտҲʲôҲˣ̲סϣ˲¶ĺ顣
һģǳȵףҡ
ڴʱŮһ߽Լķ䣬жһľ裬ƺҪΪá
Ѿ˫ۣʱһľһΣˮȫ
漴ʲôæȥϲؿף
ᣬȴȽ֣ƺЩƫ򱱷֮½֮ˡ
ҲǣɽУСֻ磬ĸΪƽʱ˵ĻἫ٣½Ҳ˵ùȥ
ʵԴѾһȫйһ飬֪Ů
ʱ겢У֪ȥ˺δ뿪Ǽǰɽɱѩˡ
վǰľ裬½ã䲻ѵõȴһɴӣ֮Ů۾УҲɴһ˿̾
ллǣң
һľҪŮлȴȫؿڶʱһۡ
֧˿ڶʱٴѣ˿ڵı߳ѪͨһصˤڴϣԴһʯ֮ϣʱ顱һһ죬Щðǡ
Цһս֢̫ˣԼʱֱһͨũҵӶ磬ﻹշݵأηİ˴߸ϵĵ޵ˡ
Ů״ʱˣæľ裬סúţ㲻ҪʲôҸã˺˵١
ŵһ󵭵в֮֬֬Ȼˡ
̲סһֻľԶʮֺš
ŮĶʱЩߺһëɿպˮϴһ¶ͷˮ裬ҲƵӳ˷š
ߺжʱٴλָһƬţпգϸػ˼Լһսĳɹ
ǳ׸ϲˡ
ڣʥȻҳԼ鷳Ȼ׼ȫ˵ǣټ֮ʱĻȻܻͣԭصԼˡ
ңǻͣԼҲϲȥˣԼܲ߳ȵף˵һ
ֱĿǰΪ̶ֹһյĹԼܹѵʱ䣬ʱ
˵ʱ̧ͷһգﶼûȥȻҲ֪ûĵ·
ʹУҲûô߳ȥģȻĸŮˣôҲڹΪô꣬ȴԸһҰˣҲȥ
ҡ
뵽Լڵƣɫӳ


216 ָ㸫
ʱ
ղһϢóһɲĽۣԼڣʱѾտҲеȫһ˿˿һɫߵûɾ
Ҳ˵ĿǰΪֹڣѾһ˿ֻʣһһɫߵ㣬ٲƷˣѪҺƺͨ
ٹһʱ޷½ֻԽԽأȫʧȥ
⡭
Լʱ˵صһˡ
Ц
ǰҲˣﵽ˳̶ȣڣʥɱԼ֮ģǼᶨϧ
Ҳ֪ϧʲôѾʲôҲ˵Ȼֹ֮ˣʱҲһ˿ľ
ǰƶûʱ򣬻ûʲôΪԼѹƣһ취
ڣƶֱȫΣԱǰǿʮٱֹԼȴ޲ߣֿһҲ
ϽƶȻ£Ҳ֪ڣʥΣŪȶġ
ʱЩҪôȥôһжûκˡ
˼˲䣬ȴš֨һŮȥ
һأж˵Ĳľ裬һҩࡣ
ҩܰ㣬֪ЩʲôǴ࣬Ưż鵭׵Ļ꣬Щǰٺϡ
ȴǴЩ֮ɢǴ֮ףҹûʳֹƶȷýˣŵŮҩʱӱ㡰ࡱһг
꣡
Ů̲סЦ漴ǾЩ̫òǸЦЦ߻һ˿ղ̴ĳ졣
ҩ˵ߣЩųصǸƶûʲôõĳʳֻǿ࣬ϣ㲻Ҫ
ôᡭ
Ҳ֪ıĳһҲ̣һӽӹ룬ϡࡱͳƬ̣һҩ˵ףӣҲڻָһ˿ȫ£ðһ
ллǣлл
ΣĸлŮƼɫɫٴһ죬ȥʢһ룬Եȡ
˵ַ꣬ٵ˳ȥ
Ƭֶ̺˻һͬСҩ࣬һΣûôˣ᳢ǳõİ꣬Ůһſȥ
һҹ˯ʮ𣬻ҩɢеӰҲŮоġ
ڶգ㿴һۣ㼴ȥһ仰Ҳû̸
Ůһθʳ֮ǰȴֻǲԸ
һŮһС壬ü鳤̲һƬúзһ㻥ײһ𣬷̲һö죬ʮֺ
Ů͵ҸСʱķ壬棬£ҡһ·壬
ͷҲо㣬ŮСͷһ۾룬ֹȥ
洫žžžľȴڿ֦׼Сˡ
һˣĸŮ˹һ䣬һ䣬һΪ䡣
ռľؽΪһСݣȻ⼸죬ֻ¶ɽˡ
֮һªСľѾΣ˽ȥָһЩ򵥵»㵱ʱľݵ㡣
ǴС壬Ҳ˹¹ͷֻԿǴСʱɫǺڵġ
ȻռԼõĶʮֲ
Դˣֻ΢΢һЦʱãҲ޷ֹΪˡ
ʱһһȥаףʱʱڼңŮȴÿһ죬ҪΪϴһ飬ϴ˲ٶ㹻ĳʳ
ʱǺʱǼҰ棬ƽҲҶһЩˡ
ˣһ죬Ůľ֮£ڽɫȬǰһֱһӣָһ
Ϊһªľȣ֧գ֧գǿ´ߡ
ʱ䲻̫̫ͻֻһЪϢһǰʱֻһֱڴϣܶǿ̫ˡ
ʱ⸱壬ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ̫࣬ûе£һͨ˶磬ȫָ֮ǰֻŮһˡ
ΪͻȻһ׳ӣŮĴĵü죬̶գѼס
겻ѣֻüӴԵʱ䣬Խľ֮⼸죬ڼʱ̣ʱ
ÿλһˣȻǳȥΪԼĸȥɵơ
ÿοһ±ʮֲŮȴǰο˵˵
ЩദҲ֪Ů֣һصգա
ձŮѩ
˵ǵĸգǸգǵĸΪʧҲĸᣬһҪŭ˵ɱ֮ˡ
һʱˣŮʹ棬ҲʣģҲһֱ֪Լ˭
ʲôǸʲôˡ
һڣΪʲôСʼһֱסȵףҲһ֪Դˣй²⣬֪Ǽ١
Щ⣬Ҳǰ
ɽ紿ӣǼλϷˣҲǸмϾһڼսŵ£ҲûߣѾǻĶˡ
ϾɽУƾʱ壬˭֪ʲôΣգһͷʳޣҪǵĿɥΪʳˡ
ʱһһȥתۣȵףѾаˡ
Ѿ׺תȻȣϱȽϾõʱ䡣
ƽʱҲҪŮȥΪͷǿһЩСæˣ඼ػػŮҲɡ
ôָƣȥڲʱһ죬Ĵʯɹ̫ȴټļڼУһʯһ׸
⸫󿪴أգ趯ת磬ֻһƬӰɱڡ
Ųýж٣״ͣͻɽȻУȴȱ©
ʱȻʵʧʶڣˣ֪Ҫǿ϶١
ֻһۣóֲȰ취
뵽һҾԼָ֮֮ģ뵽⣬Ȼȥڵһȥ֮ǰȥ磬ĳɡ
һŲԲ£֣һȥɡ
û磬ֱڣһ
Ȼָ㣬ȴ֮Աǣ⸫ҶսУĥڼ仰ָģ
ž޸֣һҲȻĻ
Ҳ裬һЦβһԷ֪
ţ
꿴ƶɫ΢һɣڴʱǸŮѩ⸱Ȱ磬һ͵ҲûʲôҲûʲôˣȥɱޣɾͷ
ðɣ
ֲŮʵҲһЩĶȻ֮βϣԼĸ뵽⣬һܿԼСöˣǰȥ

µľ磬쵶£ԭʱ͸ͣڣʱ뵽ķԸһΣ³֡
ꡱһһɫâӸ֮ϼһʯ÷顣
סˣһбʹؿŵϾʯλز
Ȼһֹ֣ĳɣֻһ࣬⣬ǲԼûоȫֻϰЧ
ŮԱߣҲ۾ԳĽȴԼ翪ڵ磬һأʹʹ
á
һΣصһۣȴٷٴλ޸ת¡
һʱŲ΢£֣ԭǰһȥֻƽʱһ
ȴ룬һʱ̣Ǳ޸Ȼתţ³Ȼһؾ顱һɳ
֮ϣһ޴İӣаɷԲǱһ
⣡
һ´סˣԱߵŮҲ͵һȻЦϲȥ֣һЦ⣺ð
ߣ
һ޸ˣ߳һʱعͷ۾Уȴǵһδһ˿ӡ
Ȼƽʱģʱ̬ȻɲƣɫȴԺתࡣ


217 
һգɽǧꡣ
תֹȥ졣
ɽÿһûʲô仯ձ˵ÿһһģǴעʱš
˵ʱȴ÷ǳѰ
Ϊֹȥ죬ڵ̰ߣѾøˣһΣɢһĴɫ
֪ƹƶĶԣֻɫҲףһǵɫŨһ̶ȣԼڵһѾʧʱ򣬾ֻ·һˡ
뾡취ǣʲô취أڣʥѾȷ˵ˣ䣬ֻܽԼ֮
һµ߱䣬һǷʥһǵ֮̫һԪݡ
ϧһûУҪҵǵĸʣʱͻȻͻƵҲ˶ˡ
ûȫɽǰ·ͷȻֱֻҪһ죬ϣԶϨ
ֻǣҲһֱÿ춼СУôʹϣڣҲͲûʲôˡ
߳ȥ߳ȥѰҽⶾĻԵ
һ죬ʼԣŹȣһξ룬ֻҪ֤̫ɽ֮ǰǾ㹻
һ죬˰ٶףѾ۵òУֻͣϢڶ죬һٶʮף죬һʮף죬ס
һһӣȴһһԵĸоԼȻֻСΧ׷Χڴת
գֻεķˣΪףƾԼʱ˵ܲ߳ȥܣʲôǻԵΣѣû߬ȡ߱ܿ
գֻһһ֮䣬ȥ
ȻˣβɻԼСݣȴأ٣ʱ̣һԿɰԼµ
ʱ䣬Ϳ磬ƣǺ䣬Ȼɡ

ҹǼȣ͡
é⣬һʯ֮ϣȷһߣĬĬͷͷ˼ƣҲ֪ܵ
Ӿ֮ʼ볤ڣ֮䣬ԼԼ常׷ɱþӡ壬ٵʶưֳһԻϲֵܡ
ʱƺȥܾãȴַգϧһУҪ·ɢʲôҲڡ
ʱĴ󲿶ӣѾսȥμսɱ˰ɣ
֪жʦֵܣҪЩսҲиˣеõɳǿɳΪδ޵Ĳ
УưڣӦѾͻƻԪ˰ɡ
һͻƻԪʵضǣܳΪڵһһҲ˵һ
гӣǸȲĳӣһֲ̣֪ڸʲô
İٻϷʦʦãŷУ˫۷ؿһĵرĬôԼ֮
ԼϢڣ֪ǻ᲻ԼлԼᡣ
ûǲҪɣȻѾעȥֺαӱ˵ıˡ
࣬Ǿ͵ԼսвѣǣԼԼģкأ
һ̣Ī˸˵ʱǻܶĶ̾ܶĶϧһУûκˡ
ҹ紵ѽˣļڣɽеķҶת죬ӭһˬϢ
ͻȻ֨һСéУһľĴһӰ͵͵ܳСһΧûע֮ŷľϣڵķ
Ҫŵ˲䣬ȴһ΢ůչ

ŮŵֶʱһһͻȻӦæͷȥȴڲԶĴʯ֮ϣ΢ЦŽл
㡭
磬ô˯
Ǻǣ飬ⴵ磬һЦȻ֪ԼڵĶ֮¡
С˺ĵӦ֪ôն񣬻ԼҲһ֮ΪԼǲǶɡ
ǲǶҲֻһʱһϤͻȻȥԼߡ
㡣
Ů״ͣŵ֣Ҳߵߣѧȥߣ˫ֱϥԴ֧ϥϣȻʵ磬˵ǳʲôأ
ף
һԺгԼԼϳʱڳڽʯϣºͣȴּǿߴӰһ
漴ŮЩ飬˲׹㸸ˣ
ţϧ˭֪Ҫ˵ģĸ״ϸ˵׵£ֻҪһʣض󻹴һͨƢԴǾҲ
ǺǣҲҲΪʲôȲѵԭ뿪ǡҪģһ죬Ǳضҵǵĸףһž۵ġ
šҲ롣
Ů̧ͷĬĬؿͷδ˵һδʱľףӯͷ
ŮȻ֪ʱԱߵλ磬ȴöࡣ
ףŮĸף˼䣬Ҳһ컹أ
ģѾȥˣԼĶ֮£ɽǱįУ겻ա
ֻԺȥټһĻᶼûˣΪ߲ɽȣҲҪ泾ɢģͳΪеһ߿ݹǣձɹ꽽ܣջΪɳ
гôһ죬ôһܷɵ׵Ĺǰ븸ټһ档
½ƣŮ֪е뷨׽ļǣȻæʯͷѽãҪˣұȥ磬ټ
֣ҡҡͷŻصԼСݣĹϣ󣬴ǰӰһˣСָֻ˼ž
߽¶⡣
΢΢һЦֺѵļңԼأԼļңںη
ȻΪ˵Ҹоܰʱֻʯϣһ磬һͷ䣬һ̫


218 ֮

ͬĴʯǰѾýʣһϢʱɵӶóʮ֮ˣοŮã
һ죬һεĸԲΣںɫʺ񣬾ƣһεĺڣҲ֪Ǵġ
Ů룬֭£ʱо࣬Ȼ˼졣
죬ٴԻһֻ¹ϵǰȻټĹǰʯϣѧ
ͳƣֻܽߣΪȴǽ˲ܽӴĶѹ˱顣
š
룬ûзϡ
Ĭ漴û˵ʲôˡ
ҹ
ǿʯϣͷ£⼸գȻоָֻ֪࣬ΪǺ֮򣬻عⷵա
ٹ죬ڵĹƶͻȫ汬ʱ򣬻֮ǰͣնֻһ١
ԣϧʣʱ⡣
ͻȻͷ˼ǼУŮĿһϸݺݵ𣺡Һ㣬Һ㣬ޡ
ףһˣλصϷˣҲ֪ں˭
ԴɽҲûмõĸף֪ΪʲôӲݣΪв㣬η⣿
ŮŮʱǰΪƶѾƻʶʶʶʶԶƽ
һͳ֮ʱԼʦýԼǴС壬ͨ쳹壬ڶߡ
˼ϣƺȦȦɫԺը˲о죬һŴ˳ȥԭѾһϢľ˼УȻһǣ䵽ʮɿ⡣
éеĽ̸
Ǹ˻ûãˣϽߣ̣סָıʲôء

Ů粵𣬵ǣϸһߣŮŵöʱ˵ֱ
ǰһ˫˫޳ɣڣйָ֮ټ⼸յദȴ֪ˡ
ȻΥĸ׵˼վδʱ޶࣬ڻһֻҰҲץסģﲢΣգ˵СһˣҲƷ
ܰҸ⼸ɱٶȴԺҿԽȥԶĵط˵ƬΣյĵشҵȥĵ·Ҳ˵һ
ţ
ϸڳƬ̣ľŴ򿪣ƿų˿ǱڴʯϺ¶Եһۣû˵ʲôת߻ԼСݡ
ڣŮĿҲֹϢһлָԭ͵ӣֻǣʯϵȴһƽ
Լˣλ˵Ļӭֻ£Ҳֻһһˡ
ĬĬͨ쳹壬뻳СȻͨ쳹֮ܣֻҪڶߣԲʮ֮ڵĶͽԼĶʶ
⻹ԼΪȫʧ񲻼õ£ʵָֻ½ӽɶ⣬Ȼһ챦
ϧԺ˵ҲûʹõʱˣȵԼУɳһѣЩкأ
½꣬Ů˯ˣǣȻ䣬еͨ쳹һ˼УȻоǼУһ͵ӰֱӣӻóһССƷǰס䡣
ǸССƷ͸ĻӰЩһС˵ӣʱϸףɭɲ
ˣϸһ䣬һóһ룬Сϣͬʱ૵ص
ɣúģΪǸСˣȻ£Ҫ㲻úú
˫ĿȻһɣиܵһܣԼǰչ
ۣϸȥŹһ˿һϸ˵Уһ¡
Щ£ĺоһظС
ֱֹЪУλϸ֪ʱҲ˯ȥ˫ۣͷǿգЦ
֪ЩأԼǳȥϸңβңԼƺҲûа࣬λɣ˭
£
ԺУѸٳһһ˵֣漴ֱҡͷЦĨȥ
ôܣ䣬ɺϣһԼһһ⡣
ԣ⡣
ֻͬµһ˶ѣԼĿǸˡ
գֽˣȥµһ١
һֹȥ졣
Уһҹ䣬˴λصϷУóһСޣһ䣬һ룬кšɡֵ֡
磬Ȼһκ󣬺Ȼ̧ߵǰɫЩӣЩԥ˰Σų磬Ҫ㡣
Ϊָ֪֮ѧ֪ԼܱȣҲʼѧһΪˡ
ܾûɹҲɵǣԼѾﾡͷҲںЩ
о죬·ˣ֪Ĵ޾⼸գҲ֪ϸضһ죬϶ӼԼҲɣֱӵ΢Цڵ·
롭
߽С
һ򿪣о˲ͬ
һνݡ
г˶Ů飬ϻһİ׻Ƥ棬⻬˵ԣǰضʮǿ׳һͷͨ׻
꣬˾ţ֮òײɱģɱ󣬽ƤϴɣҩȥζУΪĸ׺ůװΡ
Щ֮⣬УһһС񴲣֮ϣʱһλƤ׷ϸˡ
ϸ˰ףͬˣɭɲĶŧݣӿӰһƬѿԭɫ
һ˫֣һ˫ȣҲƺʮֲ㡣
˫һһţԭӣǣ棬Ҳо˿
أ㲻̤һԭˡ
һ˫֣Ҳţƺʹǰһޣú
ڴϸϸҲڴ
࿴ãʡϸһ񣬵ݼϷˣ

̫̫ڿڣʮָɬͬǴݷųҲһʮĸо
ˣϷ˵ͷӦǣ
ϸ˵ڶ⣺Ժη
ԣʶشԥһ£ȴȻĿڣ
Ŷ
ϸգգۣ֪֪һڣһõŮӣ
ã
ˣԷô֪ʦ֣ңӣԷֻж˲֪꣬ʦȴЩ
֪
ʵڲ֪ϸѯʦк壬һ˼ҡͷش
ϸ¶ʧһ⣺û˵޵һнõˣûӦú
ã
ٴһоһнչԥΣǵͷش
У˵һң¼ҴӣСʣ츳ˡ
˵ʮԪʮͻѨһ֮ܳһߺ֮ףźšպ
֪ΪΣ˵ʮǰħ¼Ҿѣ֪ˡ
¼ң츳ˣߺպ
ǺǺǺǺǣ
ȻϸЦЦԱߣǶŮ״Ǵ󾪣æǰסϸˣе裡
ħˣħˣôħǺǺǺǺǣħͷħ
˵ƺһЩо˵һЩ˵Ļɫٴα䵭һֵˣûˣȥɡ
ǡ
ȻеǸʮֺ棬ǣϸ˵ǺܹһĴ£߳ݡ


219 ۳
΢ãȻȴ͡
ѾСеһˡ
ҹҹʱһˣȥѰһ֮صʱˡ
ĪȥȻ񣬵ٲŮãΪԼͻȻĿˣͻȻеˣ
̧ͷͷɽ壬ֱ罣죬ļڣ޾ҶʼƮ䣬裬ͬһֻֻ˵ĺ
ƺܵյĲͬѰһ죬ģŮҲûȥߡ
ֻǣÿŮҪ˵ȴٲģϽӻãͻȻһ䣬Ŷʲô֮࣬⡣
ΣŮҲ֪ĲڴˣҲͲʣɽﾰ
óƣ£ֿʼԱߣԹԵһȭ
ȭ𣬴һ֮ʮֲ֪ѧȭԣԴʲôʲôӸҪǿ̫ˡ
ſţȻѵõؿѯʵôõ֮ģҿ磬ΪףֻǲãûмɣԲۡ
ѵϿڽŮһۼڿ죬۵һָϷһСɽɽһЩֵıڻһʯ̨ҸǴǱڻѧģ
ڻ
һѾȭͷŮ˵ɨһۣвãҲû˵ʲô
Щ棬ԥһ£ǽ͵ǱһʯһЩڻһصĻ棬Ҿǰձڻġ
ǻ̫£ʯһվûҲԾˡ
ڻ棿ʲôʲôɫ״
ȻƲסһץס֣ʵ
ôˣܺ棿
겢δ룬ֻΪ뿴һܣЦ£Ҿʹһȥһΰɡ
΢΢Ϊģ̧ͷ죬૵صǡô鸣죬ҲҲ˵һ
̫ͣŮδ壬Ҳ£ͷԼ׸һ漴һΣ档
һѿ𣬸ڼͷ󣬾ʹԼãһ𣬳ɽȶϣһʯȥ
ʱ֮˲һӳ֮ľʯ£ʯ֮ϣ͸΢⣬֮£һ޴ķʯ
긺ǣõ֣СС

䣬ǳ
תۣȥˡ
󣬴ʯлصéݵŮһˣڳԷȴԼľУɫϣ˸ĺ⡣
û
ǵģû
֮£Ƿʯ֮Уһ·֤ƵĻ档
УһУһ֮Уһֽ
ԱߣĸŮʶãȴʶĸ΢С壺
һŷعڻģǴ֮
⹦̶ȣٴﵽƷѹ֡ѹӵһΪȴӲԭǲá
ѹ֣Ϊˣȴô·ӵɽȴӶˡ
ԱߣϲģǷԱߵʯϣȼһĻ档
棬дϣȼûκһĻӰ
ǣܵգȴž΢΢飬ȥһģĸо
صǣֻ棬Ȼ͸ģҲ˵пȥܿľ񣬵ǣΪ治ڣȥǾ;дˡ
Ϊ˵ʯһ鳤ʯȥԹֻǸոտʯͷ·Һһڻֽ⣬ʧӰ١
ⷬŮŵɫһףȻҲʯΣΪӸȰ룬ҿʯ̨档
Ҳ֪ΪʲôⶴУһʯ̨һ棬ⲻη塣
ΣһҪôҲģΪⶴУһȵϢʮֲϲġ
ֻĸ磬Ϣʯϵ书Сɡ
ǣڱˣǱ֮Ψֲģȴϲ
Ϊף棬Աˣֻһ𣬵Ƕڴ˿̵ȴκι
ΪףУѰ̫һԪݵԼֻܵ
ǣһи߽䣬ҲԼڵĹƶ
Լоˡ

֮͹ɽ֮УҲûȥ
ֱ֪棬ΪһͨˣͽƷԴн۷Ļ̷ȥֻһ˲䣬ͻճһˣȼɷɻңͷҲʣ
ҲŮԸԭ򣬼ʹ꣬ΪҲԲҴ
һ
ΪﵽԪڣȻڵȫʧڡ
Ҫģ֮Ǿǣ֮ʱԼʦԼģǱ߽׻ü֮
ԭΪԼʱڣûѧ߽׻þϣκһֻüĿܡ
ΪЩ߽׻üѧҲ˼ѣǣѰ׵ϣȴʵ̫ס
һҪԵ߻Ǯչһʼ
ǣʱˣ̤Ьٴȫѹͷʱ򡭡ˣ
Ȼʶֺ𣬵Ĳ²⣬죬ֻ£ٴﵽƷƷ۷塣
ӵ֮һ¹ΪһƷ
һƷΪͽ䣻ƷΪн䣻ƷΪ߽䡣
ϣͲƷֻ۽ˣֻжףƷ֮޵ʮƷʮһƷ֮˵
ɫĻ棬ȻûдﵽƷ߽һ΢Сľ룬ҲһƷ޻档
״ƴ˵еһָ߽𣬳۳
ֻǴʱ۳ûȫʱڣδƷֻƷ۷֮С
ҲԼˡ


220 
ʯ֮Уϥڷڻ֮£ϸϸ򣬸ع֮
˼飬֮еĻϵ֮Ϊ˵ͻƻԪ֮ǰùԸأǣⲢ
ϾǰƷеġȻľҪǿ̫࣬һ޳ɣȻǻԪΪʵȴҪ
ûôձҲ˽ʮ֮ãСɣʱûôࡣ
Ҳг
Ǿǣա۳𡱣ձȴûǸ
ԣȻԡ۳𡱣֪󣬵ʮ֮УձȴҲΨ֮֮֮ΨֲΪա
һգ˵ֻµģǶ£Ҫյûɢ
ӵи߽׻þн֮һܳɹ̷۳𣬲׵С֮ʡʮĿޣңһ޳ɸ߽׻þ֮ϵ߽׻ü֮һ
ԣһõ飬Ҫǣ˻𣬿ԣԼڵĹƶ
Ȼûо̫һԪݣӵднҲһЩƶˡ
Ͼ֮ǿţֻҪܲķ֮ܣܽ죬ΪԼС
ʱƶҲͲʲôˡ
ڣʥ֮ûᣬҲΪȾ̫һԪݣõĸʣ쿪Ǹܣԣᶼûᡣ
ǻǿҲǻر
½ϣе˵Լģֻ¾Բָ֮壬֮һ
ң𣬻һ֡

Ĳ񣬸βػ꣬Ƣ⣬βǣؾΪʶΪλ꣬Ϊ⣬ΪǣΪǾ
ʣţ壬ǣڰϲŭ֡
񶨣궨ⶨǶ򾫶Ϸ֮𣬶֮ľƵ֮׵֮𣬱ī֮ˮ
Ԫʼ
֮޵йϣ壬ԭ޼Բͨ
֮һһӹʶ۾ȻڵȥԪ

һһϢ֮䣬Ԫͬĺˮһ˿һ˿ĻԪأڡ
ȻΪ̫СܿͱЩƶͬǣȴΪӮһ˿Ϣ֮
һУһ֮У򿪣һҳϸϸ쿴
Լ֯ɻûǧ򻯣޿ײ룬޼᲻ݡ
ѶȣǡءҪأƷһö
һ֮¯ΪѪ̿ȼռޣ𣡡
֮У輯мȾвҷӣ֮֮
֮󣬽֮ϸϸԺУ󷴸룬֮ȷԲźϽᣬ½뵽֮С
ɫׯϣʯ̨ǰϥ¡
ΣգΣʲôʱѾΣڵϢһΣ
ʯ̨ǰһС
ͣ
ǶһֱƯʯ̨ϣȼգҲ֪˶Ʒ𣬶ʱƯ
ɫ䣬ɵԼߣȻһ·ſڣſһ
ˣ
۳ΪһϹ⣬ʱ͡һ·һβ㣬ĿС
һ˲֮䣬ȫðϹ⣬ѪҺ˲ͬ
ڵѪ˲ʧ⣬ۿɼٶȣɿݣήܣˮ룬ð̡
ۿٹһһϢҪһѽ̿һãڴʱ
飡
ԭ߱鲼֮УȻӿһϸɫ
Щϸɫͬһ֮û֮Ƕ𣬾Ȼƺ˿о֮η塣
෴ǶƷ𣬳۳ȴȻһƺоʲôõɿسӴܣ֮ഫһ󡰿֨֨Ѹٹѣݰܡ
ϣðĺ⣬ڻ¯֮ϣ׼ŤȻڳܳľ޴ʹࡣ
Ȼɫʮƽңų۳Ľ룬ԭЩ鲼Ѿռɫߣȴ·ʲôһ㣬׷׳ۣ۳óһ·
Ȼų۳Ĺȥֻ°ռԭĵطվڣһǸоηĶˡ
ӱ̰ܲߣڴ۳һ˲䣬˲䷢һ֨֨ҽ漴Ϊһ̣˲ɢ
ſһ£һɫ˳ڶʱһᣬЩɫµĸˡ
ˣ
ڣҲ֪˶ãЩɫľ˼£ǰ׽ų۳ס
ʵĶȻ·һ˲ʵһ㣬ڼ֮䣬һ˲

һ̣Լˣһ޴ĺ¯Ƕ𣬾ҪƵĵҩڣΨȱ档
ǣ˲䣬ʹԪѪȼеѪﵽ£Ѫͬһʱɢ޴ܣųɫΧ
һʱȥʱȥʱȥ
ɫԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ˮͷ䣬ʪ˱ȫɣ˷ɻҡ
ȫ£ðʯУһʱ·˵Ŀˮ
Ҳ֪˶ãоֲסҪҧѵʱڣһƳ۳ΪһŴĻϵԪܣǱ
漴ǵڶƣƣơ
ʱԽã۳ԽСԽɣڣбһεĳ۳棬¾ۺϣΪһɫĻ档
棬⣬ûκʣûκ¶ȣ;ȼա
էһȥ·ƻ棬ƺһ͸ˮΣȴһƬϾ
֮ȴһɰ磬·ԶԶͬһ㣬ɫ֮Уɢ
ڣеɫߣ˲һ󣬷η֮ɫϳȥģٹ߰죬ܳ
ͬʱڵĵڣȻûһʱȫָҲѾԷɿٶȣѸ
û˶ߵѹƣԪڵһϱߵգһڵȻԽԽԽԽ׳
ǣҵת֮۳ڵߣһֵ·ߣϴǿԼ
ˣˡ
ļ⣬Ĳ֮ǰܳ۳ɵƣۿɼٶȻָ
ңøӾӨøӼͣѪҺƺǴһɫúϽӣɢһȻ֮ѹ
֮Ѩǿ߲ܲĶǣ˿̣ڣȴҲˡ
⣬ǳ۳ĹЧ𱾾ɣӵηʱ۳棬ȻҲͼ̳һ˿۳η
ŹһȦȦתأڵĺȻһһת˴
ԭɫɫתΪ𣬻ɫһ㵭Ľ⡣
ϣʥһִȱ֮Ϣ
ǣطСɳ࣬ս


221 
飬ͱ׾٣ˮˡ
СɣڣմȾһƶͱʮס
ģ죬ܹƶȥԭԤϵ߰죬ҪһձѽʮѧɵĶ˶̶һա
ⶼǳ۳ĹЧƽʱֻҲŵġ
ңڵĳ۳תԽ죬õԽԺĴӽǿ
ƶһȥĹ壬ȫָֻ»ܰٳ߸ͷһ΢ôһС硣
Ͼ˴̼ڸ־ѨѪȫ죬ټ̷۳ɴսΪȻҲ֮ˮǴߡ
һ֮۾˫֮У⣬һţ֧ͬĿĽ
һӣʯ֮еĵ棬һɳɫɵĻ֮ǽǽĵ棬һ죬Ŀġ
Ƭ֮˼ӣٴһڶ֮ǽγɣһһңͬУмĸ£ϸ߿գ
ţУ˵ͨˣһͷʵǿޣֻҲ˲ɻ𣬳̽ϵޡ
߽׻ü֮һɣ
߽׻ü֮ѣѵѰңȻõ۳ɴȻȻɹ
Ϊ߽׻üԼѧģӦǰ֣ˮи
ΪԼ򵥣ѡ
ǣû뵽ԵʻᣬԼѧģȴ߽׻üУһ֡
±ã֣˭Ҳ벻
ʯУգڵĹƶȥС룬ڣԭеĺȻҲȫת˴
УƺƵʵģȫǵһɫ󣬷·һ
ЩƶûȥĵطеطѾȫ˽ɫ
ԣͽڶ棬һ죬صԼСݣС֮бչأƶ
ͬʱĥӦ֮
ʱ䣬ڹƶȥ룬һҹéУȻҫ۵ĺ⣬Ǻ죬ͬһֺé®ȽȽ
ڶʱ˳йƶ˻ָɫҲԭȵĲ԰ףغ
ͬʱΪҲ첻ϵﵽ˶壬һͻƵԪжΣΣһ֮ң
ţ۳ͻƻԪںξ磬Ҳ֮䡣
ǣһ죬ȥŮһãԼǵĸףϷ˴С
еôãսѾ֪ʲôΣйԼʧ٣ζԵġ
ԣϵս˽ͬʱڣʥԼµһˣҲǵ˸ʱˡ
ȻʱûͻѨǡӵ˴ȫ֮£ҲδزڣʥĶ֡
ҪǣʱѾٲǲǻˡ
޵ߣУʹõĶ絶罣ǹȵȣһһɽá
һ죬лᣬһΣһ
һ췣֮ڣʥɱһ֮ͬʱҲΪȥ֣һ˽ᡣ

֪ҪȥϢϷɫ򶨣ƺԤϣΪ⡣
ȴһĨ⣬漴Ѹƺ뵽ʲôȴûж˵
ֻŮʹͷóĬ࣬һԲյĻá
꿪ڵҪȣʮּѣҲԹΣԹˣɽ£׹޼Ҫ˵ΨһпܱͨУǾǼԭ
ǼԭԭһƬ֪ôĺˮɿݣ󡣡
棬߽޻ۣУԣһֱ뿴ܲͨһ·߳ȥ
ʵͨҲ˵һҲ߳ȥ
˵еĽȴôڲҲزס
ԣĸԸһֱһ˵СɽУʱ䣬Ҳ飬ôǰ֪סǰǳȥҲûйϵ
ڣ֪˾ʣ֪дǳȥȴҪҲʮ꣬ϣɷɻңҲҪһֱУȴôܵˡ
Ҫǣһֱش˹Уһ˶˵ŮˣյĻ磬ҲֻϨȥʲôҲʣ
һֹۣ
ԼҪľڴ֮ǰҲ޵һΣǵĸ׾ܾˡ
ʱڼͷҲܣ̫Ҫ̫ǣδ꣬ȴܺŮһһֱУֱ
֪뿪ĵ·֮ûжŮԼǵĸ׸ǣȻˣҲʹ뿪ˡ
мϷһҾ֮ȥսʹŹһˣߵǰ棡
˵꣬ٴŮһȭҪתȥ
ֻܺģΪһʱԥԺ󣬾Ҳ᲻ȥľˡ
Ůʮֲ̣ǣĸײԸȣҲûİ취
̤ǰһŮһ̧ͷɿؿһֺۣܿͷȥ
ϵʣƺһ˲ʲôҲʣֻʣһ߿ǡ
ڴʱ˶벻鷢ˡ

ţͷֵؿһ׵ϷˣʵϷˣʲôԸ
ûУֻԵһ¡
Ϸ˲ûпֻǵص˵꣬Ŀ⣬תԱߴԼһСŮ۾֮У͸ǵϡ
ǣһȥ
ţ
̧ͷһ׵Ϸˣ΢²⣬Ҳվһԣδ
ԣԥ£վ澫ʵ磬սʤ˶Сȵ
һڵĸסȥһһȥҲ棬Ѱʲôҽκĸ׵ȽҲ˵һءǣؽһСݣҸ飬ֶΪ
Ǻǡ
Ϸ˲ûش𣬶תͷԼСŮѩҲһ˼

Ůһ漴ӦʹͷԼĽż⣬Ȼû˵ֻı飬ҲܺףǳͬԼ
ֻһֱԼĸǰɵηϰߣҷ
ãð
ϷЩʧ䣬ȻһֵȻˣҲǣǿԸȥһҪ󣡡
ʲô
ͻľϲŮýǲţ̤һеص漴ͷӦ˹һĸϲһȥ
ˡ
Ϸɺ̾һӳˣҲӲˣˣϵһ죬ֻûϵôѡ
Ŀؿˣλ˵öԣ磬ⷽСȣʰٱǧ
ǣҲͬøһǣ磬նҲе޵İٱǧȥ֮һҪСġ
ҿλλˣǳԿࡣ
ѷϣЩ꣬ǣǳβһзϵ̫̫ȥʲôãƽӡ
۹⣬һԲںȴԸΪңͬ۹⣬ǻǣƽ׳ʹࡣ
ģУѴ㹻ĳʳһˣҲԲ˶٣ټϣȺҰƾٹ£ܿʼժˣΪһ׼һУǶ֪
ֻһҪ󣬵ǳȥһҪҵһˣȻϧһдۣɱΪˣĸһб֮Դ
ĸ׵ֽŽĸ׵һѻճɻҽռ°ڣһʣһʣһˣӳȴ֪գɶ¡
ãǼסһҪסˣǸħħϧһдۣҲҪŹ
˵꣬վһԵӣҲ㣬лᣬﱱһѣʤм
һġ
ձã֪ĸ׿˵Ǻˣӵݣ磬һλڡ
ҹȴ
ʱֻбʹûԤ뵽ߺ֮һ澹Ȼһλ˲̣ΪĿģ伫
һ²⣬Ĳ³
Ϸ˲˵˴γȥ֮Ҳ᲻ϧۣѯõ䣬̽ռ֮գپǷҪ֣Ըá
ϾȻϷ˵벻٣ǣϾֻһ֮ԣ˭֪꣬׷ʲô飿Ϸ˵Ǽ٣
£糾̷ȥֻڵУΪһҳڣΪձãˣ͸Ҫȥˡ
ãá
Ϸ˶֮ϣڵȻˣǾ߰ɣǵã֮Ԫܸ֮ǰǸ˵ͷĸ׵ο
ĸס
ŮһӹֹסŮѿڶĸף㣬øȥѰˣ
Ǻǣɵӡ
ϷظһͷЩ꣬ҲˣҲϢϢˣǸþʱˡ
ɵӣ㻹дѵػδţѷδˣԼŵˡαΪһĲȱ֮ˣ
ȥ֮Ҿͻչأз֮·֪ҲͲҶˡȥɣȥɣܴҵԸǲʹĿ
һ˵꣬תΣˣػһ֡
ŮǰѩԸ⣬Ըһ·ͬУң˵һȥͲͷˣս֮ϣܲѰˣҶһǻһˡʱȥԼ
硣
Ů·̱һ㣬ϣһѷס
һĻصǼڹգգ磬æҪ׼һЩɣ֮һǰǼԭɽȡ
ԣԥػشá
Ȼʱ䱦󣬵ǣŮãԼʱֻѾι޸кؼյһĻ
ԣȻ½ĿǺԥصͷӦԣŮҲ¶м֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ΪδӦġ
ǣ֮УŮһֱԼĸߣΪϧļ
ձһɽº׽ޣʱ䣬㴢һʯҵĸʳ
֮峿ⴹ£һ£վéһԣȴ
һСдһʱŮòٴ߳ȻϷֶһ顣
װԹŮһСˮң˶һۣٲԥ̤ǰ뿪ڵ߰ɣҴ·
á
ӭų⣬˻ǼԭķľУϷ˵۾һֱ׷ǵĽŲ
ֱѾȥʧӰҲþûлعͷ


222 ޻ԭɹ
޻ԭ
ֲѪ׹Ƕѻɽģ޵ġ
սǰߣѪǰߵһݣҲ󱻷䵽ķΧڡ
սٶռʮǵڰУҲ޹ģ࣬˵Ǿ֣ɱ޵һط
ǰ۸ϵ˴֮˾Ͷ뵽˲ҵսС
սƱеΣ
Щ޲֪ʲô裬һúηʱֻһֻҴูأһ죬ɾ޴ƻЧ
ҲǴ٣ǳ
Ŵ顣
εñ궼ңͣǿвԭ޺󷽵ڶˣֻʮѨϣܽɱ
޷࣬ңƣ̣࣬ϣ࣬ȡ
ҽף൱ʿеʿͨޣһЩ޵Ѫֻ֮ܳΪ䣻
ƽף൱ԪʿѾޣɳ
̽ף൱ѨΪ
ף൱ڷ֮Ϊڡ
ףϽףǾ͸˵е֮С
׵Ȼ֣ܳǣ̽׵׵ڣʿƣڱԵ
һ֮󣬾Ͷ˲ҵսǣЩ˵ӣ䵽ģҲʵͨϵ͵һ
˴ƽ׵ɼμȺżҲ̽׵֣Ҫ֮Χɱ
ΣյںУЩɶӣ̵սӣԼһЩϣִɡ
޻ԭʮֹ
˴µļڵӣһֳ˴ССʮ֧սӣս
սʮˣСˣٵģҲˡ
˵жɱޣȻҲУÿһԸƧʵǿ֮
ЩˣԸӣ˷ֹмӣԼһˣͿɱôɹԣͲԸϱˡ
ӦѩǴһ࣬һӣû˶ݽ֦һĮؾܾˡ
޻ԭϣԭֻѨӣӦѩܾڣʥͱ÷ǳ㡣
ԭ׷߾ͺܶ࣬ȻҲܴˣֻѡȡ˼ʵǿԸԸӸš
һ֧СӣСڣʥսӡжʮˣ޻ԭϣģʵǿһ֧
ڣʥѨ⣬лԪڣ벽Ѩˣа벽Ѩ޻ԭ֮ϾսͻƵġ
֮⣬м֧СӱȽϳ
⼸֧Сӣ֮һġСӡ
裬ڣʥӦѩ׷ͻѨ֮󣬳Ϊڵһڲ֮ǰҲͬͻѨ
֮ǰһ±չأöл֮
޻ԭϣɱޣһսӶƼɵΪѨ
һѨǿڣСӡҲʮֳɫڣʥСӡ
֧СӣƷɣɵġСӡ
֧СƷɵɣֻӲҪ룬ˣСӣ벽Ѩǿ֧֣ȻҲ
ҲͻѨ֮ڵӰһ䵽Ʒϡ
ֻǣ˶벻ǣ֮ǰƷһͷ̽ڣ۱Գս£ΣʱͬѨ
Ҳˮɣ̤Ѩ֮СӡӱϣӵѨӣԽսӣڣʥսӣΪ޻ԭϣһսӡ
ʹڣʥ裬Ҳ
ڵӰ񣬷˷츲صı仯
һ쳱֮ᣬô˵ʵ˷ٵ֮ǰԣսϣĥһ˵ġ
ǣˣˣԼƿһѵսУӦ˶ƣʵǰһ󲽡
ҲˣΪһߣǵ˲ǵĴڣЩˣִСӾЩȴվԮˣСӵ㡣
У޻ԭ֮ϵӣѽʮλд󲿷ݣǻԪУھӡ
ʧء
֮ԵģͻƻԪУڣ۷塣
ڵӰϴƣԭġ쵶ޡѪ̣Ϊʵڵһλ˿Ժ
ڵġսӡҲ޻ԭϣڣʥ񾩣֮⣬ǿļ֧ս֮һġ
Ѫ֮󣬾Ԫ˼Ԫ׵ɵġСӡֻܹ߰ˡ
߰˸ˣ඼лԪкڣҲͻƵ˰벽Ѩˣһ֧СӣҲԽ˴սӣΪ޻ԭսӡ
ɡڣʥ顱ޡ񡱣֧Сӣͳ޻ԭϵǣ˱ܣ߽ۡ
һʱ䣬֧Сӣɱһͷǿ̽ޣ¶ɹɹ֮顣
֮⣬дССʮ֧Сӣʵһ޷֧СȣҲûᡣ
ںСӡ
ڷ֮ϵһʱϷԣȻСӣǣѾʧôʱ䣬˵޻ԭ࣬ƾһ˵ʵѵɱޡ
ӦģǽɢСӣһЩʵǿߵĶ飬ȥɱޡ
ջ࣬ΣҲӦ٣ȫбϡ
㲻ˣҲӦһѣȷȫ
ǣǣɹ֮ϣСӵ֣ȴûʧȻڵһ֣ȴȻ˼סˡ
Ϊһ£űἰȴֻǽЦĶ顣
ΪСУһѣԴ۽븡򣬱ʧ٣
һ裬һԪڵĴڣڻûнսʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ÿ˵£˶ǺôЦ
һֱҪСӵжҲͱøӲ⡣

ɹһţΪ˹ӣμɱޣնսӶеһ񵥡
ɹаɽаɽɹµɹ񡭡
֮䣬ͨǣÿһ꣬׵ʱȴһδȡ
ʱ򣬰ڵİ񵥣ͬʱͨ鿴һĳɼǣҲһһȣսϣʢᡣ
Ϊһŵʵǿһڵʵɹ֮ϣһࡣ
ͬʱλԽǰսϣŵĻȨҲԽߣӰںھ߲֮ϵϯ档
һţ굹һֻϯ᲻ֻһġϯûзȨ
Ƕһ˵Եĳ衣
һǰеţĸϯλ
Щϯλƽʱʲôһ֮ҪսʱһڴǰһڶϺһҪкҺ󷽣ж֧ԮͳҪ顣
¹ûܺӣӣÿףɹᣬޱȼҡ
ʱ򣬾ڣЩ񵥶Ƿֿģɹ񣬾ֻһŵĵӡ
ͬʱڰ֮ϣɹСɹС֮䣬ÿ£ǰʮĶ飬ܵһݽ


223 ȸ
ҲΪ˼СӣƴɱޣͬʱԼսԭ
ɵСӣɹǰʮģëǣûС
һ죬Ҳ⣬ǰʮ󲿷ЩӣĿǰֻ֧Сɱǰʮһĩβ
֧СӣֱƷɣ쵼ķСӣԼԭڵһˣڣʥ쵼ڣʥСӡ
ĶӣܹҲôʮˣϺ̶ڣʥƷɵˡҲʮͷ
ʮˣһݶУԳսӣһһ𣬼һֻʮ֧顣
ƷɣڣʥѳѨܽУҲ֡
ֻˣúԶˣ죬ңɼ
ĿǰҲ쵼СӣϣܽǰʮҲһκԶľ롣

޻ԭ֮ϣҲȫƽԭ
УҲһЩߵɽ塣
޻ԭⲿɽΧɻΣ޻ԭУͬһ顣
սɱӶ֪Խ޻ԭ룬ǿ޵ļʣԽΣԽߡ
ΧףҲ٣ǿ޸ϡжʮֺ
Ȼ׾ζջ٣ΧǱΧɱ˲֪ٱĵطջҲ౻Щ©ôֵǮġ
Ȼ޻ԭôһϡֻܲҵͿˡ
֮޻ԭв괦ݱأΧˣȻٵöࡣ
֮һ
ӣʹȲЩڵӰǰ壬ǰʮСӣҲԱ֮Ρ
ֻǴ˿̣ʧ٣СӽʣһˣƾһˣһͷƽޣʮΣգϳȺӵĻƽޣ͸Ҫ˵ˣɡ
ԣʱҲֻܴΧɱһЩͨͽޣһЩս
ȻҲ֪ǲǷ̩ǰ£һ񣬽ܿɱһЩͽޣ˲ٵս
ǣһ죬һΧȺɽ֮ԣѰЩ䵥ĵͽʱȴһ֮£һȸݡ
ȸԭʯķ϶֮Уԭʱڣ϶ע⿴ֲˡ
Ҽ̬ԣһЩͨҰҲûʲôͬ˾㿴Ҳ಻Ϊ⡣
ֻΪһͨײѿԶӵѰ
ֻǴʱȸݣ׳ɣƷ棬¶һƬСǡ
һƬСǣżȻʯڴϢ֣ⷢǿʯһϲ
ȸݣǶƷߵҩҶҪݡ
ҶȻҲǶƷеȣֻԻԪڵĵЧ˺ڣЧʹ˰벽ѨͲˡ
ǣȸݲͬ
ȸݣһֱԷõѨڣЧ֮Ҷй֮޲
һ͵ȸݣһͨԪڵӣ벽ѨҡԲ֮һ
ǻԵ㹻ͻѨɿԼãʣµ֮ģһͨѨڵӣͻƵѨ۷塣
Ҫ֪ΪԽԽѡ
һ츳ڵĵӣһͻƵʮ㣬Ҳ˶õʱ䡣
ʮͻƵԪڣʱҪɱ
ӻԪ۷ͻƵѨڣԵǸܳɹġ
ˣһС磬ܱǰһش󾳽СҪѡ
Ȼǰ֮һУһѨڣûͻѨڣҲǳ
ԣݣֵ֪ʹЩӣҲۺ죬Ҫ˵ͨŵˡ
ԣӻͳһУС׼պãȥ̷֮ͿԴӻԪڣͻƵԪ۷壬벽Ѩˡ
ֻҪһԵͻѨһ죬Ϊӡ
ҲһƬͬͻư벽Ѩ
һСʵջսٶҲᱶʱ˿һѰͻѨĻᣬﻥ
ֻǣû뵽ǣ׼ȸݵʱⷢˡ
һȺ˵˵ЦЦѪӣϿֻ¹ޣɽתǴת
һۼ⣬ÿ׼еݣ
ǡ
ӵסˣһߵĶӳ
ӳҲǼʶ֮ȸݵΣ֮ʵھˣͬһֻȸϷȴڷɵһ֮ʱϰ仯̬
ȸ֮죬ϲɢɫ⣬ӳλϲ
һʱ䣬ӳɫǴ䣬ţǾϲı顣
ȸݣ
ŵؾԼȴ֣˽ȵǡ
ҿԭеɵֻһˣһɫŮʱʱٺٵЦ
һ˫аĿ⣬עеȸݣ̰
ֶ´·Ҫ·۾УаЦ⡣
ȸݣһȻ㶮ġٺ١ٺ١
һ֣֧СегԱȫĬһȸݵΧС
Ҫʲô
˹֮ʱɫ䣬֪ãæٽУȴվ
ʱҲóȻҶˣ֪һͻЩ˵ķٶֻԭȸݣǿ򶨵ĵ
ͬʱԺзٵתѰ˼֮
ȻͬһţƽʱУֵѰǣվǹزסġ
սʱǰ˶ѽԭĳԣֻ뱣Լ
ǰпܰһͻƾʱ˭ס
սΣ˭Ҳ֪ԼһǲǾͻɥ£ܶһʵͶһԱ
üպڣΪڵ߲㣬˭̵ס
ơȨ˵Եʯ
ԣս¯ȻһˣҲһе̰̣˽ȫ˳
ǰиֳªһ棬ȫ֣ıݺȻ̫ԣһ˴ǻ鲻ԽĴĵ
ڣΧƧһˣֻȺͼӣ߼ӣִӣҲЩΧȺɽ
ϾֻҪ̫ðգΧʲôΣգЩ߼ӣִӣȥΧȻҲУֻȼżѲߣҲܸպþͷ
ԣһˣʵԼԷֳһþڵӣӶʱ
ûˣܱƽ
յ꣬ʧ


224 
ʲô
Ǻǣ
Ϊ׵ĵӺٺЦ㻹ˣɱҲû֪οôٺ١ģôֵ˵Կһ¡ȸݣܾһֶΪ
ŶԷһ˫ͺƽʱϵЩ޽Ҫʱһģһ
һŮǹһˣذΧ̲סһ鲻Խһǿ򾲵ǡǲҪ֪ʦ˭𣿡
Ǻǣ˭˲֪ٻĵһΣ
Ϊ׵ǲмϡޡһڣʲôãʦֲܸ֪֪֪֪˭֪
˵Ȼ䣺ֻҪɱ㣬ڲغۼ㱻˺ѵĺۼսϣÿ겻֪Ҫٵӣ飬Ҳ˼ǵģġ
ʹʦһҲͽˣֲֻһͽܣƽʱô䣬츳ôܳʦϲһ˵ĵӣʲôǣҵģ
ҪنˣȸݣȻ
˵̤ǰһУǺεɱ⡣
ӣͬʱٺһЦһΧȦһС
˵ܵõȸݣȻտ϶Ҫһ֣ÿˣҲֵܷһƬ֮ͻƻԪڣԪ۷壬벽Ѩ
ʹܽѨ֧СӵʵҲԴܼǰʮǰʮ׷ڣʥƷɼ˵СӣҲûܡ
ǸʱЮ󹦶ڵǣûȷ֤ݵ£Ǹʦ
״ɫҰܡ
ûϵȺƽʱ棬ԼٰĽڵڵӣȻһֵС
ǿԼǳࡢ㣬ƺεĿ⣬ͷ·һȺǣڶһ⣬ô̰ôУ̲סĲ³³
ʱ˭Լ
һеɫݣԭϣڣȴľ
лһңǣһ㲻֮ͬ±֪һˡ
Ը⽻֮ĸǣֻһƬһСƬΣϾȷֵģ֮ģѾ㹻ȫͻư벽Ѩˡ
Уȫ
һĵӺԥؾܾ
Ϊ׵Ŀ´һۣһݣˣôʲô䣬˵˵鷳ɱȻ֡
ôųȥ
ӦȫҲܡ
ϾȻ˵ʦɲʲôƶ֮һ֪ĵӣҽò׷ֵһȸߣɱǲŹ֡
ң㲻صţпʦѵԭֻҪգܻųȥñ֪ӵȸݵϢҲסиǿ
ԣһҪ
֮ǰǰһϮɫȹ֮е壬Լ׾ݣƽʱⶼǸ߸ϲʵĴڣԶҲûдһ죬
뵽ȻɧҲסֱ
ãã
ȻҲ׷ЦţΧ˹ȥ
㣬ǡ
һ£֪ˣȻȴԲ־͸
־͸³ٲʧʧȥһ꺱ݵˣΪǵУһŮӣʧȥӿµ
ƴˣҲһ¡
ɿذеȸ뻳УִУһܾİɫ
ڴϣһսʱʹùǹ
αŪ
ڴƴһֵɶʱ֮зɳȻɫΪ롣
磬ͬһƬڰξ
ƷڰԴ
ΪֻԴһ漴һ˦ѹٺЦΪܱס̫ˣ
󣡡
һȣΪ׵̤йһɳһɫˮģһɭ亮⣬ֱϯ
ԣӣͬʱҹɣ󵶾𣬾ȻһֵΣУζȻһϡ
ڰԴƣ
ɹСӵǿɶ飬ȺȺս󣬷ӳһһڶЧ
һԪӣɱѨޣʮԪӣҲԡǣʮԪӣսȴܡ
ԣǳʵǿ󣬻ԸʵڹƧ򣬴˶һԭ
սӣɱʵǿޣܻøսһúƷӶܸʵٻɱǿޣսɱǿޡ
һѭ
ϾԽǸ߽׵ޣõսԽ࣬ʱֻһףջȴǳɱʮܲӡ
ڣСӵĵӣȻΧɱ޵ĹΧɱʱսеֻоܵǵ⣬⣬һֻֻ׶ȭͷͬţǴ˼һǣϮԼ
˲䣬ԪڵҲֲסƣڱ
һҧֺɫһҧ⣬һѪ˲侫һ񣬻عͷѹʱһ
ٴڴһ翣齦Ȼ
ɽʿȪϪˮƷɾʱţ쳾ɿȴͽį֮⡣
˿˿ѩ֮ܶзɳ˷һʱ䣬غɽȣͬ붬
ţ
Ϊ׵Ӷʱɫһ䣬ˣȻеһ˿΢΢ѹǡϹ󽣵֮һɽѩ
ɽѩֻʹùһΣǾڴ֮ϣУòͼžʤһУ֮ϣܡ
ʱٴʹʵʱǸ֮ģʱѩͬƬͬǣȥ飬ƿգ
Сˡ
Ϊ׵ɫЩԭΪֵȻû뵽Էȴô֡
һ߶ֻºܿ𸽽һЩ˵ע⣬ϾŹȻ콵ѩʹٱˣҲ֪ڷս
ܾսپ
һҧֺɫۡһ³һѪڽ󣬽һʱ䣬ţΪ׵ӵƣ
ɽѩҲ˶ѣ
ԱϣһĽ⣬ƿѩΪ׵ӳֽһͬһֻתݣתţž罣ȥ
еӣƺ֪ѶɱУһ׷ױɫˡ
ܳΪһ֮ȻڵӣҲһλԪڵĴڣʱһ֣ټʹĳȼѪ֮һʱ
Сƣ
飡
Χߵѩһʱɢ¶·ѩеһ京߻ô硣
ʱΪ׵ӵĽҲɢ
ǣȴ˿Ϊ⣬һЦǱ¶ޱȲж̵ı飬һ˿⣺ɱ
ۣ
ƣڳߵһɲǣָöӥ֮ϣٿȻ̣âһһ죬Ӱ˲֡
ž
ؽʱ̣ͷ֮ϣһöΣɢһĵ̹⣬ɹĻС
Ѫ̴йĻĻһҡΣ˲߽⣬ͷ֧Σȴžһѣڵأˤ˼ء
ף
Ϊ׵һףû뵽㻹һرһʦ͸İɣΣֻܾȵһΣȵô֣
ǰǾ仰Ƕ˵ģĸ֣ȴǶΧ
ŵܵӻһŷӦʱʲôʱ򣬹˲ôӾлعһ赶
ر۾һˮۿ䣺ʦԲסܻȥ㾡ˡ
磬Բסûеȵ
ڵһ̣Ȼ䣬ԶߣһŭȣȸҶ
һɫӰ·һ쳤磬Զֱ
һɿµľ磬ӰҶ䡣
һ𣬷·ܵ˵ŭƶ䶼ɢ˿¶ա

ĿȻϲԶǵϤİɫӰǲţţһ˲䱻ϲռ
һ˲䣬ղŻֻεˮ·𿪺֮բк£
磡


225 
ʲôˣ
Ϊ׵ɫһ䣬Ȼһʱľ룬н֮Զɫʱһ䣺ȲֳȥסȻɱٰһ¾Բй©ȥ
˭Ҫ
ǣ
ԣΪ˿ƳУһ澪ֵӣʱ뷴Ӧ˹
ȥ
ʣµˣعȽ˵ٷͷԸ
Ȼ
ôöԸҲŽǰʮˡֻδģȴȻѾһϾѡ
ϾѣͬһεϺ͸̻롣
ڴͣһȻ
飡
ǰӣδһѪʶԭؽôһ˲
һ˲֮䣬Ӱ缲һ֮䴩ԽȥƼ䣬ʮָϵ˴Ρ
߻һ·ľֱֱԵȥ
ͣˣ
ٲǼϺ·ˮƬɶڰ֮žžž
ǼΧڵӣбһַɳ
ʱΪ׵ӲŸоãæͷջأǰ泯
ǡ
ĿϿƬ̣ԭһ֣أ֮Ϊ׵ӣȴ̲סЦ
Ȼ㣬ȻˣΣ
ӣҲݣһ̿ЦЦҵ˭أôţԭǺСеһӣ㲻ʧôȻֻˣ󡣲˭¡
˵Цƾ㣬Ϊóǰʮһˣʵǲѣ
ƾ㣬һСӣȻҲﵽԪһˣҲˣջǻǵ¡
֣
ٴ䣬ҹζ࣬Ϊ׵һг㣬ͬһ亣÷š
ս
ӣҲΪ꣬ɿʰϱͬʱηȫûа
޴
ޣ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ʱЩ˻ģһָ΢̻ú쳾ѷ·һǹָ
Ƭ֮Ӱ˲֣ԭؼž
꣬ȫӲԭأѷ׷УֻΪ꣬翹
ǣҲһ˲
ָУХ̶ֱΪؿڴѨ
һ̣ؼˣظ䣬һĨѪȻ
⣬ɣܡ
ˣǲŵı飬ܽܣԼˣȻȫһ˴ܡ
ˣڴ˴һӡ
硣
ʧʹޣ̲סУ뵽ղһĻʱ룬̲ס涡
״΢Σ֪ʱд֮Ҳ̽ƿͷ΢Цοû£ûˣ£ڡ
š
һУʱֻޱȰģͷ·һɽ
ڴʱৣৡǴŮͬ״һһңߡ
ŮӣʱԴһ˿Թ
ǡ
ʱŴӾֵ״̬лع估ԼʱȻУʱɫһ죬æƿ˺һŪ½ǡ
ʱŷ߶ʶŮæתƻ⿪ʵ
ǰ
ԥһ£ûش𣬶ǵ˴Ѿͼ㣬Ϊʵ޲硣
ȽѺפأǽŴ˵ǣ˵Ȼͷһһ͡
á
ҲûʣǣתˣԼߣҴȥ
ߣ
Ϊ׵ӴʱԾһѱӣЦסôȻԷҧһڣ˵ͼ̰ͼǷֵȸݣȻʵǿ
ңƾ㣬һСӣǺΣû֤ݣ˭㡣
ô
΢΢һЦһ̧Уʱһöξʯ
һ֣ξʯϸ߿գ΢΢һʱξʯڸ߿мת
ת֮Уʯ֮ϣȻֳһĻա
Ӱζ֮ǰͼȸݣ˵ԼҪǷԼ顣
⣬ǡ
һ̣ڲɫ䣬ȻѾӰʯˣôܣ
ӰʯǻһеƷ֮һѽӽƷѡ
ΪҪ⣬ãӰȫһ龧ʯ֮Уͬʱֿ԰ǡšֵʱĳ档
ԣǻһһʮǿĻֻǣףûжܳɹ
ʱ֮ǰ껹ΪûʲôöӰʯ֪һдȥɫȻò԰ס
뵽ܵ³˻ƺһ˲ȫȥ
״΢΢һЦҲøن£ֱһֵȻǲϣô֣͵ͷѺһˡ
ãû⡣
ձ˴֣Ц߹ȥһΣƼʱһִ
߹ȥ˴һ𣬽⿪㲿Ѩţ
ҪŹǡ
Ϊ׵ԵЩ˹뵽ʲôȻֵܣ磬ʦ֣㣬ŹǣֻҪŹһ룬кܶɹвݣȫǣֻҪŹһҪʲôҶȫ
俴һۣһ̣ɫޱĮЩ£ģЩ£ġģԼųϽȥɣ
˵䣬һڵߣ
״ձãˣҲٸϡ
ԶǴ߾ոջڣԸǼ棬ԣֱ뿪


226 ŷ
عϢ·һ쫷磬սפء
꣬ڳǰԭһʹ飬Уȴֻ˵ͬʱһݣ̰֮ȴóӰʯ󣬻̱ԭأǻں޽ӵɫ
˾лӰʯȫ̸ԭѾװףٽͣҲ޷ٱ⡣
֪࣬ųϲȻŭüĳ죬ȫ뺮Ϊֹ
ս֮ϣһ֮أרͷضеӡ
ֲˣı£һ֣ģ
ȻսϣţҲᰲôִӵĴڣ֮һԭ򣬵ȻΪҪֹ̫ǿޣӶɥ
һͬҪԭ򣬾Ҫžɱı硣
ڣ˲ˣɥĲ˹ߡ
ıɱͬŵߣ
ᵶᱦͬŮв֮£
࣬ߵڰף޻ˣ
ɫﵱȨ֮ңȻסģǣŷϿޱȣôٷ
ңĺ棬漰һλ֪ҲͰˣһڵ˵˭ҲȲǡ
Ȩ洦õжˣС£ҡľġ
գȫѨǿ߽ȥˣҲֲ˶ãĺ絶罣Ѫ⣬иƤꡣ
ѨǿˣԪǣֲᣬȥܼ죬˲ܼһ죬Ǳ¡
գ뺮ˣĸһᣬֻ˼ʱͻججӲһӱ飬ò
Ϊ׵ʵǿһЩԭأĺڣȴѳˣգʮʱҲϢһ޼ա
һ飬𶯣ٵӣŷϿᣬ²ͬʱҲˣͬʱеȸݡ
Ϊϼ֮ʱóӰʯȻĨȥȸݵټǣΪǰԸùԷҧһڣ˵ӵȸݵʵʱúȻ
׵̵Ȩ棬һۡ
ȸȻֻѨµãǣӵеľ޴ֵֵʹȨ棬Ķ
ȻһȸݣֱֲʵȻĶҲǿŵݵ飬飬һȥ̵ϣҲõˡ
ǣˣͱˡ
ǣһЩոͻư벽ѨûͻѨѾͻѨȴһֱѨڵˣޱϣõеȸݡ
ջصԼľ˻ûüɣ
ߣһλԭͣһѨڳϡ
Ҫ׵ļ۸չеȸݡ
׵㣿
ЦˣֱӺԥؾܾ
ݣ컻еļ۸ʮ׵㣬ҹܻȽϵһ˵Ϊ
ȸݣȻƷױȾԵôһǣ˹ݣмС
ȸݵļ۸񣬻ѾﵽƷ͵ȵľݣǼֵʮʮ׵㣬ҲǺʵġ
ڣԷȻ׵򣬱˵ǲԸԸ⣬Ҳۡ
Цǿɻ𣿿»治򵥣黹ԶԶûĵز
ϣؾܾɫʱñ䣬俴һ֮һתߡ
֮ǰĿɭǻڵġ
˵꣬תߣ壬ŭ
ûᣬȻҲ޷ϱ̵ظϡ
ҾϱˣҲûãԷֻҪ򡱣У򡱿ɾͲΥŹ涨ˡ
˵һųϣΪѨ꣬ȻԼĸǼ޿ɽͨӣһС
ȻԷûǿҲѾܾҪ£Ǿʱ£
գȸݣǾãҹζࡣ
ֻҪǷˣ˾۲Ҳ޿κˡ
֪ڳֻǵһܻиڳϣڳϣӶѸǰһչŵӡ
󣬽ȸóֳһ꣬
òࡣ
Ҳ֪ڣǷǵĵȻ£ҲԸһȺĶǵˣˣҲûпܡ
Ծɰһҿڵ缰ʱҵסǣұ˵סȸݣҪңҡ
˵뵽ʱ龰ʱһûдӵجγѹ
ԣ֪ûо飬Ҳˣ̲ס̾һļֻİο
ٴǿİȸݣջûоܾͷӦ
˻˵һЩ֮飬ûаԼڣʥԼսٵġ
ԼڣʥܣҲֻԼܽ
ֻ˵һغӰߣڳսСĵ£ձãǾԼԼ⡣
ˣȻ𾴣ձ˼æͬվƲҡ
ڳ˸Ĺ֮ձѩˣһ·ϣսķշɶ
ûۣٶȻŵ죬㻨˽µʱ䣬ſϵ
ոϵսΧǡþͷɽ֮ϣƮѩ
ʶɽѩĵȻ֪ܱʹ־һΣա
ҪôǿޣҪôǵˣΪͬһСӣ㲻ͬһСӣʶˣҲȥȡ
ԣձһ͹˲ϣֱӿٶȣɽ֮Ϸɱǡþ
ձãٶȱϾȲһս֮󣬲ŸϹ
֮Ҳɣʼ±չء
һͻư벽ѨʵҲͲһЩ˵ȡˡ
ԼеǴ꣬иһݣ͸ձá
ֻձһ˿ãѩԲУգ룬ǽԼУѾòϵСҶ͸ѩ
УձǻԪΪǿԷȸݡ
ѩǰƺôԣֻǿʵ
ǣΪԸɽг֪֮ԼʵͲܸǵĲ
ټҲ˵սΣƾһˣȫ֤˵İȫԣǱҲԼӵһս
ǰѩԸѧϰڣȴǼҪѧϰ
ǰʦ̵ڣͨҵŵӡ
ǰʯڻ֮ϵĴ£ǻԣʺŮӣڣ̵һԹٶȻ
˭Ҳû뵽츳ߣ֮ĸ磬ձҪߵöࡣ
·ϣ²ʱ䣬Ȼһ·߸ͽŹһ·ͻƵ߲㣬˲㣬ٵŲ㣬ʮ㡣
ʮ۷壬ͻƻԪĹؿ
ٶȣֻҪԵ㹻ͻƻԪǺܿ£׷ձˣҲѡ


227 벽Ѩ
֪ѩ֮ߣҲоѹ
Լܴﵽ磬һ·֪ԹټܹĥѣǿﵽĻԪڡ
ǣһԣȤˣȴڶ̶̵ʱڣĲ㣬벽Ԫ
ٶȡҲίʵ̫һЩ
ٶȣʹȲҲ̫ࡣ
ȸ֮ϣиһСƬ֮Уֱû븹
ˣ
ȸɫ̣Ȼһ£ȴȻȣ漴ԴѸٻһϮ֫ٺ
о֮еˮѸٱʮָȴûʱˮΪ֪ʱ򣬾ҩʱ
ȸݴһ˿ԣļƷ
תķһ˿˿ﲿλ
ҩۣ޴йȻ̣СջһССĺɫ
תȻûΣĹЧԶϾֳΡ
Ҫ˶ãΣϰ벽Ѩĸλˡ
ϾԭѾﵽԪڣڳ۳ʹİ£ֺܿͻƻԪжΣںΡ
ֱµʱȥڸ·֮УҲǰ죬ҪϵսʱͻƵԪ۷塣
Ԫ۷壬༴벽Ѩһ֮ң
⻹һСĹؿڣȸݣĲʲôˡ
ȸѨǿ߶ΪҩӻԪ۷壬ͻƵ벽Ѩʵ׾١
ģΨʱѡ

һأǰϡչšӵʯݣܴţһҴᴦԼص̷
صʱᴦԼ̡
أǲ飬սǧγѪľ顣
ս֮󣬶еӵʱͻơ
ЩͻƹУݲκ˴ŵġ
ʱһͻħ壬Ѫ壬ʧܣϣصģᵱ
һ벽ѨͻƵѨʱΪ˴ŶǺصԸӡ
㲻ǣˣҲԲԸΪɥ˼Ԫ
ԣԴսǰֹ¼֮ʱսĴϣأĹִС
ʹûʲôصĺһ˷֣ҴĵӣҲԻܵŵط
ǧҴҳʯҵˣѾˣձãʯ֮Уչ
Ϊ顰šӣʹеȸݣҲժӣУŵ˵
˺޵ģµ˿±ǿᣬֱھͷãҲ޿κΡ
ʱһζ
У˸ϵ֪ϢڣʥһˣǡǰصפأϢɫڣʥû˵ʲôһԲ
ʵδϵȻδôصˣ˸ߵ£ȻŻ
ʹˣҲ£û֤ݣԷΣ
ϵųȥ淢ƾѨݣԷҲֻάά
ţô޴
ȻˣһβУǾһλᣬ˳ֳɡ
սϣ²ð죬ǣÿĪʧ٣ĵӶˣȴʵ̫ˣںһһ
ҪһͻȻʧ취ȵڸҪöࡣ

֮Աչ֮
Ϣһĵ˫Ŀ뿪գͬʵʵĽԼһ䣬ʯеĿʱ΢΢졣
ĿӣоֻڵȻӣӿȣ֮ԭۻò˼顣
벽Ѩ
³һվһ졣
ҹϵıչأںڳ۳𣬴ԼƷߵݣȸݵİ£ͻƵ벽Ѩ
ˣֻҪѰһԵһʱ䣬Ҳ۳ԼͻƳɳΪһȵѨӣ붥λ
Ѩ
ĿƣŴ⣬΢䡣
ڣʥҲѨȴһͨѨ
ԼȻ׷ǾѨϾһξ롣
ξ룬˵Ѳѣ˵ײף˽չվȻͻƣˮɡ
ȴճ־ã𩷢꣬ʮʱ䣬ֱڰ벽ѨԽѡ
ԼҪأ
ͻѨȸݲܰæϾΪ֮ҩͻƾ֮ҩ
֪ͻѨ⡣
һħ
ԪʱΪΪеͣвԸأԲħֹ
һﵽѨʱȻ
һؽУ˺һ죬ˣľӣħӰ죬ӶԼħ
ħһؿ粻ѨԶֻ
Ϊˣ񣬷񲣬裬Բģ֪ˡ
ԽǰΪÿˣħĸԽߣħĵȼԽߡ
֮ͻ벽ѨˣħǸߵȼħĸʣҲԶһһʵˣΣո
⣬ߣħĸʣҲ
ӦģˣԼͣҲԶͨǿԣ߻ụ
ϵħȻܵͣΪǻԪ˴鵤ݡ
Ҷѩڵȸݡ
ԣͻѨʱħһʮǿ
һ㣬ʮη塣
Ϊ
һħ۵
˵ǵŴȣǰʮһ˽ԻάһļƷ鵤
鵤նħħ֮ӵдΪħǣֻҪħһ޾塣
⣬һı
Ǳǵ׽öͭƬ
öͭƬǵףϾһ
ͨ죬滭һУϥһƬƯںĿҶ֮ϣ鰲飬ֻҪһۣһϲÿֵĸо
ִͭƬħ
ң׻˵ֻҪͻѨʱöͭƬܾܽҿˡ
ôһֱԼؿڣűɹѹء
ǰΪûлᣬڣѨڼȴоԼЩȲˡ
֪Լ׵öͭƬУԼģʲô
һŹһЩѸϢһЩأ
²͸Ҳ²ţֻŬͻѨһԽ⡣
һһֹҲõһͽ׹
徲ҹ
ƷײߣǵʱеҲ֪жЧá
ܻһЩЧãƩ綨񣬰갲ġ
ټħ۵ԼͭƬͻѨʱħĵ
û徲ҹĹҲҪˡ


228 ѡ
ͻѨĵڶѹأѨ
ѨôѨѨ֮ɢȶһֱȶתȥ
޵Уһֱһʮŵ⡣
޵һֱһԼ׳ɵĹأÿ˾ͬΪͬĹͬ츳ͬѨĹ̲ͬѨҲǴһġ
ʱرݣҲΪ
޵иɵѨһΪŴƷס
һƷΪ½ףƷΪнףƷΪס
˵滹д˵Ѩû˼Ҳû˳ɹ
볢Ѩ֮ģ඼֮أһ츳ˮҲʧȥ
޵Уٷ֮ʮϵˣģƷѨҲһƷ
Ǿ˵ļޣ츳㣬޷Խס
ƷѨģһǧһ
ѨǿҲǧˣȻƷѨģҲȽˡ
ƷѨ̵Ȩ棬ҲƷѨ
УƷߵһΪ콣ԭ棬ﵽƷƷļޣһλƷѨǿߡ
ƷѨ󣬲ˡ
ˣһѩѡ
һһһһˣߺ֮һס
һˣȻ֮ǰãոͻƣѨӦѩ顣
˽ƷѨ֪СѩƷѨˣƷ׽Բꡣ
ѨƷÿһһ֮һһ㲻⴫
ƷѨνһһƷǶܱйġ
ԣףӦѩ鵽ǼƷû֪
ǴҶ£ǿҲƷΪƷʷϣҲֹֻһˡ
ǾǴʦѪǧ
ӦѩͬʱѨڣʥ򲻹ƷѨƷеƷƷ
ǣѾΪܳĵ֮һˣպѨڿڣпͻƵѨڡ
ѨƷףƷѾǳѣƷ츳ʣŬڷܣԵȵȣҪԼߣһЩصĻĵرȣȱһɡ
˵һ
ͬƷ׵Ѩ͵ǿȣѭٶȣҲ֮𣬿˵һƷѨˣʵƷѨˣʮ
񵱳ϣǰеļӷŵĶǰѨƷҩ֮һ
ⵤҩûУҪãҲʮֲס
֪һط԰Ѩ
Ǵطʹս֮С
ǴطΪż
ҲΪʲôںܶ벽ѨˣҲϧۣԭ
֮һȻҪԿĴ󷽡
һԭҲΪҪɹֻ֧Ӵɹܽż
żսΪԭ򣬶γɵһص˫涴𣬻ųתġ
ʺͻѨѨ֮
ͻƣͻѨ۸ƷѨļʣҪԶ档
ʱǼʮ
棬۳ƷѾ֪ģҲƷֹƷһʱ
ʧܵģһ
ɹʸߵþˡ
ֻǣĵ̫Сһֻʮˣһһ¡
ԣҪ룬˱ﵽ벽Ѩ֮⣬ÿλʮɹһ¡
һһ֣ûͻƣֻܼ֧ɹҪôλøˡ
ʱΣҪģҪǰ£Ԥãλá
żǰ˴еһص㣬ڼ벽Ѩǿߺ֮ࡣ
ôÿֻѡȡʮˣټʮɹƣܽеģʵ޼
Ͼһ򲻵ѵ£ҲѡУҪ룬ȾҪɹ
ͻѨĵѹأڸط
Ѩһ֣С˴ء
˴ء˼˵֮һ˿֮ܽѨ۳ɹ
ˮԵ֮ԼԵ֮ѨѨɹԼƷʵġ
ˮۣƳǧֱϸ߿ա
ˣܵõһˮϵ֮һ汦ݣ̷ȥѨļʣҲ
ңѨƷʣԲ͡
֮սԣѨǿȴ٣һҪԭ򣬾Ϊ󣬵شףңĹִˮһϵ
ڣʥӦѩͻѨǱ츳ȷܳϻ㹻֮⣬ˮ³ոˮԪ֮ƷҲһĹϵ
˭ܽ룬ᣬˣһ磬ˮϵΪѨȴôˡ
ڣѾһöӰ˵ҲǷУʮֺʮָ߽׵һ
Ӱ˵ʺѨϾƷɽ֮
ʺѨѨѻƷʵ飬ҩݣҩá
ȻӰҲ̺һ˿ϵ⣬⾳ȴǾԲģҲһ
ʱ룬ûдˣŶȥ̵ķ
ǰʼչأ֪صĵһ죬һͻų
ȻȻѾصţΪԼжһѡˡ
ԻӵݣΪߴ֮һࣿһͨӵݣμսӣ޻ԭɱ
⣬Եһ⡣
ΪݣָʹҲָʹ˱ˡ
ȻһӵͷΣǣһӣҪָӣҲָֻԼ
壬û
ˣߴ֮һҲøҷκ
ˣֻԼѡ
ңѡ񣬻ϱ߷սߵ쵼ˡ̵ϣٽɱȨ֪Ϥ


229 ¥
սפأǴһС֮ϡ
СҲͰ﷽ԲȴʮֽҪ࣬ͨϱͨ£һͨҪء
פأһƬ¥ʽƬòξȴһɱա
¥úںɫȫֱɽϲľʯߵһ̵Ȩڵġ߷ְá
ν߷ְ룬ɵĲþ߻飬·ȫ߷ְ÷մﵽ߲㣬ɸ߲㣬µĵӡ
룬һʱ֮ɫɣһɫϴһ˿Ц⡣
߷ְ֮УԼѡ񣬶ң˳һ顣
صʯе΢΢һЦԼձѩãһСӵӵݣμ޻ԭɱֱý߽ʸΪֹ
⡭
һ֣ļ䴹öɫĻƣȻֱ׼Ǽ󣬵ǣѾϿʱСӣҸжʸˡ
ȵһ󿼺ˣǽԿǰȥμӣǴʱʵ̫⡣
ձԣʱϲɫϲ̫ˡ
֪Ӻйһ˲𾪣ҲȻ֪ĸףвѵĿԡ
ӹݹȥĵƣ˰֡
Ȼȷ˼ȶ룬ҲɣԿʼʰ׼֮󣬾һǰ޻ԭִɱޡ
˵ˣһأ޻ԭϣɱޣĳ֧Сӣߵ˵ɹﵽ򣬼ɽһ
ڼ䣬һһΣҲ˵һμɹֻһ²ʱ䡣
ڴ֮ǰУΪûжѣʵҲ˵ǳ׿ȺһֻΧһЩɽ֮εûջʲôɹ
żɱһͷͽޣҲֻܻȿļ߼ʮɹһٵģûС
սɹ㷽ʽǻɱԽǿޣɹԽࡣ
Ʃ磬ɱһͷҽޣ༴ͼ䣬ʵǿҽһƷǻҽ׾Ʒǲɹġ
ʵ̫ǿһܵɱһƬ䲿䣬ǧ򣬻ʮ֮ÿһͷܶһһɹ
һٸɹҲ˵ҪɱҽһͷûԸĴ¡
һͷͽޣҲԶҪɱһͷͨнҪѵöࡣ
֮⣬ƽޡ
ƽһƷƽƷɱһһɹƽƷƽƷɱ嵽ʮɹƽƷƽ׾Ʒɱʮһٸɹ
벽̽ޣҲ׼ܻõɹ͸ˣһ٣ܴﵽ٣١
ǰΪֻһͷͷɱ̫ǿĲУ̫СûãֻһЩƽеͼɱ
£ҲŻɹ
ڣΪĻع飬֧СٲֹһˣʵҪࡣ
ټʵ࣬ʱ䣬ֹͻƵ˰벽ѨҲﵽ˻ԪںΡ
Ź˶ãͻ벽Ѩ
ʱǶ飬벽ѨʹǿƵ޻ԭ֮ϣҲһ֧Ķˡ
ټϻձá
ֵһǣձãѾһ¾뵽˵Сˡ
ΪģȻСӣֻСӣСҲǡ
ѩȻûͻƻԪҲ룬Բμɱ۾飬׼ͻƻԪ
ҲţİæѩʣսϣͻƻԪӦҲʲô¡
ټϾ죬ԭԪڵձ̷ͨҶټȸݣΪҲѾһﵽԪ۷塣
ԪڲԶ
һ֧Сӣͼа벽ѨһˣԪںһˣԪ۷һˣ벽ԪһˣҲһ֧ľ߹ģСˡ
ȻСӳԱе⣬ʵֲһ˵ȥ϶˵ĺЦ
ڣ죬ЩҲͲôˡ
ٴαչ֮
ڳ׹˰벽ѨΪҲ˳µͻԪ۷壬ձﵽԪڡ
ֻѩΪ漰Ǵ󾳽ͻƣʶУԾгȥɱһʱޡ
ȻһɹΪȡһЩͻƻԪҩԪ𻨵
һͻ֮ʵٶȸ죬ɾ͸
ڣѹһѹЧá
ٱչأʱڣҲʲôͻƣңȸҲһݣ˶һԱ֮ҲͲ統ı˶ǵȡˡ
˾ͬһأ󣬹ͬϣǰս¥ȥ
ȥ¥ȡƷ׵񣬶гǰ޻ԭɱޣȡɹ
ɹ㹻پΪѩһ꾫ᴿҩͻƻԪ
һʵСӵʵҲȥɱޣСҲкô

ս¥߷ְ֮һȽϴİɫʯ
ʯ͹ɫ㣬̽ǣǰҸһʯ񣬰צˡ
ٶȶʹһξ룬ǺܿǾסʯݸϵ¥ǰ
һο¥׳ۺľѩձã̲ס̾
ϴˣûжпҲһ˿𺳶ѡ
ϾֹһΣǵһ
սĪ⣬޺УǰߣնɱޣɲĿġ
սɹĴȡʽ
һնɱޣûפأȡɹ
ַʽɱʵǿ󣬷õɹޡ
ͱ֣ǰˣɱһЩƽеͼޣÿֻܻһɹʮɹңңڡ
ڶǽ
פص¥᲻ʱʱһЩɱ߽ޣѰĳݣ޲ϵ
һɣԻնɱЩ޵Ĺ̶ңЩϽʣݣϣҲԶһɹֵ顣
ڿ˵ǻ˫ݽȵȥɱöࡣ
ս󲿷ݵӻôɹĻᣬɴ˶
Ҳð̽
Ϊ˴ţ޵ĳ򣬼ƲߣһҪѸϢΪ´󹦣ܻӦľ޴ݶɹ
ɹһζһ֧Ŷɱ޵ܺ͡
ΪҪһսҪõ鱨սǲǰ׵ġ
ֻһЩãʵǿܳ޺󷽣ðõһЩϢпܡ
һ֣Ҳǵ֡
ӻȡɹķʽǲμӸڲʱеһЩᣬ䶷̨֮䣬ɹ
Լɹ֮ϣÿһʱ䣬ǰʮŶӣõڽɷһɹ
ЩǶģԣࡣ
ĿǰΪֹˣ߱ȡɹķʽԣֻѡһڶ֡
һԼ۱ȲߣǰʵڣȻѡףӼ򵥣ɹģڶַʽ
Ȼܳ¥ս֮ϵ񣬶Ǽ򵥻ɫͣҲǻƽ׺ڡ
ԣҲҪѣŬǵľ


230 ɫһ
¥ڣѻ˴ڣӣȥѹѹһƬˡ
£߻ӣ붼Уûʲôõֿ֣ޡ
¥൱Ĵ󣬼ʹǧҲü
ǽ֮ϣһ޴İɫʯ赣Ǻһģһ赡
֮ϣ߲ʹâ˸ɫɫɫɫɫ
ڳɫɫһûС
ɫΧڣֻҪʲôĴ󣬼ɣֻʱҪһ㣬õɹҲԽϵ͡
ɫһΣգǻɱѨ޵񣬽ӵ˽٣ҲӦࡣ
ɫɫֻжӣڳǣŻȡˡ
ɫҪӣһɣɫǸӵмʣʹඥӣҲմǡ
ЩһЩڳӣʮִӳԱ̵֣Żȥɡ
ս赣еĲʲôͬǣѶȿɲһǰ㡣
͵ĻҽףＸûУУҲǻɱԪ޵񣬶ҽҲ͵ÿֻǲԸ˷ʱ䣬ŷ
Ʃɣֻһɹ漣
ǰһˣֻܽȡһЩ
ΪսģͶлԪʵǻԪڣڣԣֻҪͶǻɱԪϡ
ٸߣѨ˵еķҲޡ
ɫһǻԪкڣȡ񣻻ɫһǰ벽ѨȡɫǶҪһѨǿߣȻȫûĻ
ɫûѨڣ۷֣붼Ҫ롣
˽֮󣬻ȺУ´ѰҿԽȡ
ҽױֱΪɹ̫ˣʵȣҲȫҪ˷ʱ䡣
̽ףҲֻǶͨԪӶԣСУѾ˽λ벽ѨһλԪڵʵѶȣҲЩˡ
ңɹϻɫΪǿҲǿȥ
ˣĶǻɫżҲɨһɫûʺϽȡܱȽɵġ
ȻûѨʵδػһѨ

Ƭ֮ѡƼ
Щ񶼲жѣڣҪɲ⣬Ψһֻʱ䳤̶ѡ
˶ûл˼ϸ˼ò࣬ȽϷḻҲͽ¡
ձþȥǴʱȴĿһɫһӶͳƣһΡ
˲䣬һɫ·Ļ˺˳Ϊһ⣬뵽֮С
ɫһ񣬻ɱ޻ԭвһɽ֮ϣһͷ̾ǵѨޣϵè
ɽ۵˻СӣһɣԻһǧɹ鵤š
ɫĽǼʮɹ
ɫԸߣǼ٣һǧ֮ڡ
ɫֱһǧǧ
ǧ̫ѣʹڵҲûаգֻܷ¡
ǾɫһʵҲ򵥡
ѨޣϵèȻҲʲôϵèһǳͷʹԣǾٶ졭
ʲô˼Ҳ˵ٶȲһĿ죬һѨǿߣҪûˣܸٶȡ
ԣɱͷϵè񣬹ˣӣԸȥȡ߽׵ҲԸ
Ϊ̫ˡ
ǳѨǿߣΧ׷½أпܽɱǸʱ̫̫࣬
ѨǿߣʲôܽӣԣϣǱΪһĴڡ
ǣô
΢΢һЦмƽϡ
Ȼ֪ԼٶȲܳϵèǣȻбķ
ͣ٣һعͷȴȻһӣһɫ⻪뵽Уһ󾪡
֮ǰʹʲôձãҲѱܹˣ֪ʱľٶʲô˼Ҳ֪ļѡ
ǣڣȴȡһʲôһУѶȶҪ
Ҳֻǿʼһ漴ͱõȻˡ
ѩΪĿУܵģֻΪʲôòԣûǸ
ձǺʵˣҲδûиѨһսŽܡ
ѾһΣС
ȴ۹⡣
֪ʵȣܽӣҽ񣬾ͱһ൱ţһİա
ԣȻԵһͷѨޣǣѡ
ڴʱӭ漸˵˵ЦЦһ׺֮˽
ǸɣУһۿˡ
ס
Ϊ׵һµӣȻգ֮ϣ룬ȴԥܾ·ǶĪ裬Ϻһ֧Сӡӳ
ѡۡ
һĨɫ漴ʲôȴ˿ɫжȥ϶ŲЦݣڵ
ףⲻʦôѣûˣ
ڸʧһΪηսǱӣǰսأ
⼸£⼸ӣѪϴҲǿࡣ
ҿӣսУǻû㲻
ԼҾܾǣΪͬʱ˳СӵˣΪҵֺʱҪǰһ
Ǹ֪õһȸݵϢԣһ˵ƣһ֧֮ϵƵСһ£ҲȻ֪
ǰһŲʻԳҪѿ


231 СӵĳЦ
ţ
Ҫߣȴ⼸˶סȥ·һۣЩӡ󣬵ӡ
ˣǲס
ƫͷԭСеĳԱ̫ѿԣֻѯ
粻ηսǱӣֻµˡ
Ǻǣ˭֪أ
ΪµӺǺǹЦ˵꣬еԼŮӣͣ˵ǲǣ
ǣ˵ԣ˭֪ĳˣǲηսǱءֻηųͷĻˣ£ôֻǣҿ
еӣҲǵСеĳԱһΨһŮӵļ磬״ܡ
ȻʱڣΪûת˷򣬲Ůһļϡ
Ů޹ɢˮأҲеˣеԼӳͬʱۣ֪ѽһȥˡ
еӣߵ¥ڣһ޴ɫʯ֮ϣʯ֮ϣͬŽٸ֡
Щ֣ûɫֻ֣֮֮
һСӡӳӡΪѨڡԱˡɹ765000
ڶսӡӳ봨ӡΪѨڡԱˡɹ643000
˫սӡӳģƺ񡣶ӣΪѨڡԱޡɹ430000


Сӣӳ̶ӣΪѨ۷塣Աޡɹ178000
ߣڰˡ
ھСӡӳƷɣ񾩡ӣΪѨڡԱˡɹ113500
ʮڣʥսӡӳڣʥӣΪѨڡԱʮˡɹ100900

ʮСӡӳ裬ӡΪѨڡԱˣɹ32000
ڶʮսӡӳ쵶ޡѪ̣ڵӣΪ벽ѨԱˣɹ17000
ڶʮСӡӳָӡڵӣΪ벽ѨԱˣɹ15000

ڰʮСӡӳѷۣڵӣΪԪڣԱˡɹ6500

һٶʮСӡӳڵӣΪԪڡԱˡɹ300

ԼСڰʮʱе̲סһЦ
˲£ԼСӴӵĵףڱΪ˰ʮʮɹҲͻǧء
һСӣǲľ޶֣ɼѾʮֲˡ
ʮԵãΪȻǣԸһһϲͷĺСӣеŭơ
ڣٿˣüĿУֿʧˬ⡣
ٿ
⽫˳һ̲סһǶôǿСӡףȻˣԸǣ漣
ŶСӣһٶʮҲǰˡҿ
ףԭˣʯϣһֻһٶʮ֧СӣɹŶٵ㡣ø߰ˡ¹ȥˣͻٵɹǾ൱ˣ
ڵӣʮඥӣһ飬һֻܹһٶʮ֧СӣУСӡ
УܹҲɼɫɹȻ٣ڵһҲ֡
ЩͨԪڣڵӣΪԼСӣ˺Ҳһߵöࡣ
ԣʱеӣһЦҪģʧ䣬ں޵ı顣
ΪǶȥ׷һӡޣеӣȻԸöԷù
ԣĿ⳯һԵʯ֮ȥһ֮󣬱֪ʯǺá
ǰ֮Уһ񵥣Ҳǰڣһһȣƴһ񵥡
ɹ
սʱΪɫʯǰΧ˲ˣټһֱǰûע⡣
ʱ֪ԭ¥ڣȻһɹİ񵥡
С𣬵ڰʮ
΢΢һЦȴΪ⡣
ԼСӵһ˿ϣأδ޻ԭԼСӵҪһˡ

Ŀ⣬ȴɹİס
СӵǣĿ⣬ǰʮϡ
һСӣ֮УӰ֮ϣڶǸˡףУΪ𡣡
ΪѨڣӽѨ۷ˣѹˡ
ˣѾһЩʵȨˡӣȻԳȡĿǰǣһκԶľ롣
ӵеɹҲǶˣʮ壬ⲻ֪ǶʱĻۣսϣѾֹ֮ãˡ
Ҳԣ־Ĵ˵ڲԶǵ𲻵ٰˡ
ֻʱվ֮УԼߵľ硣
ѹ֮УһֱֻŶ֮ȴ˼ǵĿԭֱ࣬ǰսˡ
Ŀɨܿ
սӵĶӳǶӵ봨˵֣ҶڼžʬϿҲСеĳԱ
ټףģƺǶУǿڡ
֮⡭
̶ȻҲ˵ֻһǰ壬ʵ
Ҳа
̶ԭڵӵһͻѨ壬Ų겻ʱ䡣
ȻѾ֮ߣңСУֻһˣ
Ҳ˵ƾһ֮ɱ
Ասֻ¸һǰ壬Ҳǲܡ
ÿ죡
̾ЩӣĸоԽԽɲ⣬ԽԽǿֻҪ΢иôһ֣ƺԶû׷ǽŲʱˡ
󡭡
Ʒɣ񾩣ڣʥ˵Сˡ
ƷɣͻѨСдս⡣
ֻڣʥҲǰʮ֮һˣĳЩ棬ôʵ棬ȴȷС
ϣ뻹ܴڡҪĸ󻼣ûô򵥣


232 ׵
ں飬ޣ
ҲͻѨǣ⼸ȣȴԶ
ġޡ񡱣͸˵ˡ
Сӣ˵ڵڵһԭļȣȴȫһˡ
ȻӳѪҲа벽ѨΪΪŵǰͣڣȴˡ
ΪѨר벽Ѩֻܴ߹ģΧ߮һ¡
ڣʥˣѾͻɹ뿪˵أǰһ
Ϊƣһ㣬ڣʱ仹û
ˣǲδȥճ޻ԭɱޣ

߰ɣ
ûἸӹ⼥Цı飬һӼȥձѩãæϡ
һ㵣漴Ϊԣ߶ףĶӣʱ̲סһЦ
ЩѾȥˣȻѾõǣȻûں
ʮʲô
Ҫǰһ׵ͱڣͻɹأǵʱ䣬ĲѾˡ
ʵûбҪٰʱ䣬˷ЩСϡ
ߣȥ׵һƷȥֱ޻ԭ
á
˵˵ͷ˲磬һ볯¥󷽵Ľ׵ȥ
׵֮¥Ҳѷɫ֣Ӹûʣݻ
ΪҪμսԣ죬¥вͬ
˽УϾͱзֳһС׾ر似ҩȵȣһϵ룬ĿƷ׳۾ŵˡ
ڶ̣ᣬҲûмüһã汦Ŀľ
еĲָ߽޲ϣɱɢľ
⣬⡭
ǰҲûɹһֻۻһûô𺳡
ǣһʱͬɵ۵ĸоͷ·ɼұһ㡣
ڴûмȳձѩ˵ֱ񻰴˵еĵط
б⻪ƹȥʣӳ񷶥ڣεΪ׳ۡ

ȻҲ𺳣ǿ󣬺ܿعһЦߣȥ
ҪûʲôСŪҲҪʲô
ձþͲͬˣǾסڹȵףһֱûлõʲôϺõǡ
ձԹΪͨĺľɣһͣϡ
ʯҲһͨɽʯĥɸΣһľ㸫ͷ
ı磬ôȥս
ԣѾ˸һڲҪ̫ãи
ȻҲֵ֧Ǯ׵㣬ǣȴɹļ۸ҪߣԣǱҪǲҪ˷ѵĺá
߽һαǰĿĸŵ
ǹꪣᡢ棬ޡﵡΡȵȣȵȣһϵĿڵܡ
˵ͷＸС
ңƷʴӷһƷαȡ󼸸棬ܷأŵʮ
ЩһɢĹâϻĿ޲ϱУһܡ
ЩҲƷƷƷϵǲܳߵġ
ףҲ˽½УһЩѨǿ߲ܲμӵϣܳ֡
ᣬڻȥ
ҾܽȥƷļ۸Ҳ𣬱˵Ʒ˵ƷҲ
ûȥǱߣʡĶ˼ۣܣֱ
һƷѩĿǰֻа벽ԪΪԼԦ̫գԼѡԼæѡѡһ䱡ֽɫ̽
˽Ƽ̽һƷֵߣ־͸һˣ׼ͻԪʱи
ձҪһЩˣһҪһһмļʸ
գѡһƷ鹭ʮƹһƷս¾սԼ֧𵴼Ʒ罩ֱԼ׼
֧ʸרԸĳЩ޵ģһξͱһ֧ʮְ
֮Ը׼ΪҪɱϵèܾҪõЩ
ѡ꣬ȥ˼׾
ձ˲Ҫѩʵ̫ͣʹձ˵ıս֮ϣǧ򻯣˭Ҳ˵׼ʲôʱ⡣
ԣһףǱ֮¡
˵ѹҲҪСö࣬ԷŸս֮ϣսҲ
ҲǺܶСӣԸʵѵԭ򣬲ˣҪǿսӣΪӻСӣҲҪǿսѣϺȣҷ󣬸ǿ
СӲΣյɱǿޣɸǿ
ڼ׾һףѩԼѡ
ףֱǣˮۻף˪ףԼӰ¡
ˮۻףһƷףһˮߵƤҩ֮ɡ
˼׿ԴڲҲԴⲿʮͬӵвķ
˪ͬȫߴﷲƷһֱϵ˪ɣʮ
֮ˮۻ׻Ҫǿ󣬲΢أֻܴ档
һӰ±Ƚ֡
׵ķѣԴڱ˪׺ˮۻףǣһһֱɽ֮ϵ˿Ƴɣǹ룬ˮˡ
Ҫǣһԣ΢ıɫζԼУͬΡЧ
ȻʱȽ϶ݣҲ󣬸ߴﷲƷ


233 ţ
գΪʽϲѩһۿӰ¡
ңĹܣҲȽͬҲѡ˴
ļֵߴһ׵㣬ڴʱ˵ҲͲʲôˣʹľͽ乺͸ѩ
ʱöŲƬۣ׵㣬ټԭеİһʮࡣ
컻󣬹һαıὣȥ˵أʣµģǰࡣ
֮ǰΪƼ̽ԼΪ繺ʮƹ͡¾սټ֧֧һһࡣ
ټӰµһ򣬶̶Ƭ̼䣬Ĺ׵㣬ȥࡣ
ʱĹ׵㣬ֻʣ
ǰȥ޻ԭɱޣҪһͷٶѨޣϵèȴԥ
Ըڰй׵⻨꣬װݣҲҪʱ⣬ڡ
װӰµУѩûϣһУ漴ǰ˵ҩһˣȥεĵҩ֮׵֮
ʱһѩЦͻƻԪһö
ʲôö
ѩ۾һ̲סʵ
һĵ֮֮ǰǱ̫ͽˣԣȵ˻Ԫ϶ҪһõģƷϽףƷϡ
ѩĵķһУõһƷнˮϵ
Źʺʺӣܲߣ֮ôͻƵ벽Ԫֻ˵츳
ͻƻԪƷн׵ĹȻˡ
ֲʺϣȻľҴԣΪһķ
ⲿ˱ˮ֮⣬ƷףҲҪﵽƷϽףҪʡ£ֱӹƷȻѡ
Ʒķֵ飬ʱҪ˵Ĳû֧ˡ
ⶼͻƻԪ֮ˣڲ
˽һ׼׵֮漴Ҳûлؾסֱӱ׼һ򣬳޻ԭķ򼲳۶ȥ

޻ԭϲһǡ
˴һϵϿȣʯǧٹ֣ͬˣӰڹУϢ΢ޡ
Ȼ
һֻɫ״ˮţޣӹȿڴһҡһΣУһСǰˮ
Ϊ۾һ΢һ֣֮ˣǴ˴Ŀ꣬ţҪСģ
ѩҪʦöסȥ·ӲʹԭأҪܣʦһסü֧ɧɣ֣
䣡
˲䣬ոջһƬžɽȣԭ̵ձƣһһӰ·һһɽʯ֮Ծ
ڰգǸһ
裡
ͷɫţƺַܵʱŭػعͷ¶һֻףͷϾȻĶ۾ͷһֻǡ
ֻһ𣬻£Ȼðһ˿˿ɫĵ𻨣ƣţɡ
ţƽ׺ޣѾһǣ޽ӽ׼̽ס
ƽʱʳ׵磬ڣһУͿų˵Уܷӳƽ׺޵սʮѲ
һһҹˣЩˡ
һУαŪʱ֣ڴһֵʱ·ƣȥʱţԺ
ˣ
ţһЩԺӴҲ֮һ¡
״۾һᣡ
⼸գ޻ԭ֮ϣ죬ĬȷڰԴ˼һ˲Ժҵ˲䣬ձɱ
ͣ
ὣ߾٣һӣһ¡
һ೤ľ޴󽣹⣬·תɽ壬¡һڶţϡ
žһ죬˸ţ˹ʱѾһֲѪۡ
ŭһ㣬̤׻𣬾ͳײ
ڴʱһ֧תЯſֲڼ֧·ۡһţʺ
ţءһ۾ð֮ɫԴž޴徢ײ£ðһž޴Ѫ⡣
ڴʱ΢΢һЦܣ֣죬
飡
һ죬ţǰͷֹ漴﷢һ󲻸ʵ֮أһ̳
е⣬Ҳ֮ÿ
ɹˣǵ񣬽ǾͿȥһɽѰϵèˣ
Ҳ˹ѩձ״ҲԸԲʯ֮̽ɱ
˾ƻһ£ף⼸Եʤ񣬶оգټʵԽԽĬƽ׺ڵޣȷѾ̫ˡ
ʰһȥϽĶǣԼһЩĲϴߣǸɽ
ǡ
ձӦһĴӻͳһ氵Сͷ޴ɫţϽ
һͷĶǣһ޴İɫţԼűȽɫţƤȫ£֮ϣɣѪ졣
øƬһͱձ
䣬ѩɻعͷȥЩֱӡ
ձֶΣʵֱֱ̫򣬶ȴ˾ռߣ˿Ӧ֮ɫ
˰ڸԼĶʰһ׼򣬳ɽɱȥ


234 ϵè
һ֮
޻ԭĵӰ·Ƿɵ糸ѪҰ֮䣬ӹһһĲӰ
Ȼǰֻּͽ޵ӰһŵЩϵƤëȴǻɫģƷڻҽװƷƷ֮䡣
Ǽֻͽ䣬
⣬һͷȽϴëƤˮְ֮ɫһƹ⣬ȻȺ֮
ëŨܣϢӴԼлƽƷӡ
һڵѩˡ
á
ձѩԣӦһ漴ϡ
һҵĴսֻԼͷƽƷܿȥ
ҲʰҲûʲôĲϡкһ˼ǰȥ
飬⼸żˡ
޻ԭϣҲȫǸ߽ޣͽҲ洦ɼ
ûϳƽ׶ƷϵޣͻѩȥʵսڴΣ֮УԼ츳һͻƻԪ
гƽƷϵޣͻձȻʵǸսĻᣬȴ࣬ϤսģʽԷպԿ
ϻƽװƷϵޣŻԳ֣
ޣȻڴУΪ˷ֹܣһһ֣սپ
ֹ˴֮
ǰһ޴ɽ
ɽƣͷ·޻ԭ֮ϣһ޴
֮ɫƶ䣬һƬ·һӣɽͷֱ˷嶥
ˣɽߣȥ
۶𣬷·ֻһӣɽɽ
䣬͵ɽλá
ͳƣϸӦ˰Σ𣬿ڵ˵ϵèٲпܳɽκһ
ϲʳһ޳ݻֻҪҵȺ޳ݻϳӦþڸҵˡ
ˣȷֿ̽飬з֣ǧһӲص˵صȴһʱ֮󣬲ûз֣Ƕڴ˾ۺϡ

˵꣬һձãѩһһСӣԷһҺһӡ
סһʱ֮󣬲ûз֣ҪصＯϡʲôΣգҲҪźȡ
֮ǰѾź̻һ֧һգͿԷźԮ
ˣҲڽ˷ֿҪԭ򣬱ϾѰȼһҪࡣ
µʱѾ࣬ɲҰʱ˷ЩҪСϡ
ǲҡ
ѩһС죬Ҳ֪Ǳҷ
һֳ򣬳ɽ֮Ѱȥ

һӣߵģɽ·ߡ
֮ϼ¼µϢУĬĬĦеһԺС壬˼ϣӦܵһж
紵ݷҰ޵ɽʯһһУĿӦ
ýرͨ쳹Ĺá
ǰڸĹ֮У˴£ӵʮɷԲҪ˵ʱǾͻƣȫʢ۷֮ʱˡ
ľ˼Уӵһ֮⡣
ԼʱȻ΢΢һԶһɽУƺֻڻ˺ҧս
ţ
׷Ŀһʯ֮󣬶ͨ쳹ģڶ࣬ȦȦɫ·ˮ˲䳯̽ȥ
Ƭ֮عͷЦԭֻԭأͷ޵Ҳǻƽ׺ڣܻɱɹơʱ棬˷̫ʱ䡣
ۿʱѾȥһ룬ٲȥԭ·ء
ʱΪҪСһһ̽Ȼ
صʱ֪ͣΣգнݾȻࡣ
һʱѾȸϻأԭؿһˣѩòδء
Ҳ֪ΣǱػȼź̻Ԯ
Ϊûͨ쳹ȱûӵ󷨵ȸ湦̽ԼһЩ
ټϻس̵ʱ䣬ȻԼ֮
Ȼ˶ã΢΢һһ£εĴ߳΢΢һЦ
ȥһѯʵҡҡͷҲκξɥ֮ɫȻûз֡
ٹƬʱ֣ձҲѻͬҡͷδ
ȻˣڴϢƬ̣ߣ棬̽
á
˴Ӧһ˾ԭأͳһЩʳˣٱĿһᣬϢ
һʱ֮˼ɽϰ벿̽Ѱȥ

ʱ֮
ס
ȷ˶һСɽУྣУƴС󣬽Ϸ档
ȻǰһĨɫϹһţһֻСһ漴ԭһգѾӰ
С󾪺һ׷ס֨֨ؽţߡ
Ŀ۹⣬ȻҲǵɫӰľģֻ֪·һ⣬죬쵽
ϵè
ʣҲ֪ղһţץһֻСɫӰʲô
ɽϣٶȣͲһɫģͷѨޣϵèʲô
ûʼѰңԭ·أԼĵȴصһ
Ƭ֮ձûѾϵèϢ׷״ϲ
˴Ʒ漴èĴ֮£سɽֵۣǴСĹ
Ȼ޳ݻϳ⣬ϵèһΣ϶ͻٳһΡ
ֻҪڴ˵ȴغһ죬ֻٴγ֣


ʮ Ĺ


235 
һʱȥʱȥʱȥ
ɫѽҹ
ɽҹ磬ЩҺΪԲŲᱻȺӰ졣
ԸձȴѾЩͷҪ߶һ񰲸סˡ
֪ˣӦúܿˡ
ϵèڸ߽ޣʳһΣάֵʱ̣ܶĸʱٽһʳԣһʱ֮ڣضٴγ֡
˼ԭؾȴ
Ȼ
Ƭ̺˼һ˲оʮ⣬һƬҶ΢΢ҡһ¡
һɫӰݷ
ɫӰΪʱûмٱܣԼɼһֻƴèͨɫҲмԲεĻƣΨһ˫۾ȴǾ飬תͬɫıʯ
ҹǡ
һ֣֪֣ʱϢ೤һ·ʯ
۾֮ǰܵһһĿȷһʧ֮ٴ۾Ŀǰһ˲˲ŵ״̬

һֻСӶѨһͷƺҪʳ
ǼΪ裬ǽĿĴһ£ȷĴˣĴӶѨӣ׼һһݣҪǱȥ
Ҫʱ

һϹ⣬·һ㣬Ҷ˳һţͷСС
ڴʱһȣ֣
ལ
һȻأȻתڰס
ͬһ˲֮䣬ֻкڰ׶ɫȻֻϵèĶ䡣
ϵèʱͷһйһɲǵĳٻٶ
ǡ
ϾһֻѨޣεǿֻǧ֮һ˲䣬۾˲ͱԺУһɫ绡һš
ʹúڰԴʱһƺߣ˵ƿһϸϸܵѪ顣
á
ձһһţ֧Ѵõɫ֧͡͡һҶһļӰֻѨǰŻϵè
ϵèһתè֮ϣȻֳԻĲм֮ɫ
ֻһǿУձǵڵӰȻƣתһ䣬档
ʯ֮󣬼βԲˡԼձһ֮ǿ
ѩñ𶯡
״֪ƾձˣֻϵèĶ֣һݣչᣬѾ˶
ڰգ˫ѾΣĶ¡
ֲľδһɽʯĸо

ϵèƺӦΣգǰˣǰȻͬһƺӲƴתܡ
ϹһȻ׽֮סգڵ棬һʱ䳾̷ɽʯ

ʯ֮ѩһΪʧЧʹգ˭֪ǣȴ¶һ˿΢Ц˿ľɥ
ϵèһƬǰʱȻ䣬֮Уһ֦Ʊ顱һһеϵèС
飡
һƺߣϵèײϣȻɣȻܵһͷѨײ޵ȫһײ
һֻ̣׵绷ƣϢʴһ󶴣ϵèһҪٴζȥ
ǣֻһ˲ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ֻɫ֣أϰգ£һѪ֮Ϣ
벽ѨѨڣѨжΣѨںΡ
֮šμתת֮УǴ磬һ֮ӡ
߽׻ü
ֻһȣ֮һֲĻǽָ֮Ѹӡ
紵ƣƾ缱ʮɵĸ߿գգʹʮɿ⣬Ծɸоõǽ֮ǿֲĸ¡

һǽл㣬ϵè棬ͬʱǽ
ĵǽһΣƽϵèεڻǽ֮С
⣬ҽ´ɫһ̣ҲΪʲôƶʹϵèٶٿ죬ҲӲΧɱҪԭ
Ϊ޳һ棬ϵ£ֻҪʵ̫࣬;Ѳ֮ǽ
Ȼ
ϵèδϵдһ䣬ոճǵӭһصĻǽ赲ڡ
ֲĻƣǰһ˲ֹסˣ۾¶֮ɫȥ
ʱҲһͬĻǽȽȽ𣬵ĺ档
ٴθı䷽򣬳ʱط֣棬ͬǽһ
һһ˲佫ƯƤëյе㽹ݣʹһͷѨϵޣһҲо˿־壬۾¶֮ɫ
ͷһᣬͽеŵĻ£ĿضŻǽ֮ˣ۾¶̹ǵĳޡ
Ǵʱ
ˣὣѾ֣ӭƣͼžһѾѸ֡
濪ѣɳʯὣǧ⣬ϵҴܣϵè۾¶һ˿֮ɫϥһȻֱеӰ
ڰкȻӣһƺߣ˺ǽ֮⡣
ϵèҲܣһ򣬲ײϻǽ֮ϣëԽݡ
͵һܹǽٴԾ𣬽⼸ɶྡ𣬾ڴʱ
ͣ
һת·ɫƶ䣬ӻǽ֮⣬һ˲䣬ϡ
ͣ

ۣ
ϵèȫû뵽ţѸٽӲе
ȵ̧ͷͷָղǸмһ˵࣬˿гһŰɫı֮ϣտҲŵļ֧Ѿʧ
˿̣Լϣȴһ֧ɫ·ĲƵ֧
һ˿˿ֵĵԼϴܹԼԽӲʧ
ԭղǰϻ



236 Сӵ𾪣
ʵȷˡ
֮ǰڽ׵֮УΪձ֧֧Ʒ罩ֱף𵴣Ϊ˶Ըϵè
еһ֧Ʒ罩ֱձһη֧
֧ϣͿ֮һУϵèٶȴγٻôһ˲
ΪԤϵϵèмһձֻӳɵʵʵδʹǹ⽫ƫ
ڶ֧׼Ǹղձ֧Ӳ˼ĽǶȣӲ˼ʱ򣬶Ȼ֮ĵ£Ȼһеġ
һ˼׼ϵèɫҲԭһƯɫëƤҲý
Ȼδֻøӷŭˡ
ֻ۾ܿһѪɫ֣󣬡ˡһȻٲηһ֮һݣֱ赲Ļǽ
飡
ɵĻǽ˲䱻һ󶴣ͨһ֣ȷǳ֮Ҽпѡ
ϧС
Ϊýӽ߽ĳ۳Ϊģݻɣԣʮֿ¡
֮ǽϵèһһƤëѾɺ̿۾еĹҲѸƺСһȦ
۾¶η֮ɫһݣҪתܡ
ڴʱ˫ӣУһǽΣǰ
棬лǽΣգۼ䣬һµĻܡ
ϵè۾¶֮ɫ
Ȼսʣѹƣټǣƣټձʱһ֧ϵèģԽԽƣڱ
գڵʮαУڱձӭһ֧𵴼׻УҼʮκڷ
ˣɣȻȥһƤëЩϧɫһҲĵġ
ʱ䣬Ѿȥ죬˵ͣʰһȡϵèϣǶɫ̱ʯƵ۾
漴һפصķء

һ
פء
¥
С⼸죬һɫ񣬻ɹ
ټ֮⣬ãһΣСӵĻ֣֣߰ǧҡ
Сһԭİʮ䵽ʮ
ʱ̲ס־󣬸о˭ԼˣǾݵĿ⡣
ֿ·Ȼ
֧СӵĻֻ٣˿û䣬Ծδڵһλ˿Ժ

̲סЦˣһƬͿ񾫲һĿ⣬ɼ˻粻ڸԼЦøӴˡ
׳ա
ڴʱһ߹ǱǵЦͷ
ŮЦȻһֹ뱻ס˲ӣࡣ
Ҫڴʱڿˣ̲סһһæܿõʦ֡
ʦ֣Զ֮ϵ弸ڵ֮һΪڻԪڵԪ۷֮䣬˵ѾҪ벽Ѩˣǿɵﲻ
ߡ
Īаغһм⼸˽̸ǿ׳죬һȥܿ赣ز鿴
Լ˵ķη壬̹Ȼ֮˿ʲôƺ˾ռߡ
Сӵļˣһӻңԭ־ʱȴû뵽һǸǿˣǷŭŭʱ
ڴʱ¥ǰһм˽
ף
عͷСһеӣǲ⣬ţȻ۾֮Ȼϲӳӳ
ôˣ
СӵĶӳѡһֱۣͷ˦ֵ
ʱоһҲϲľǺСӣǺСӰǾȻˣ
ţ
СӵĶӳһ漴æعͷȥˣʱ֣ǺǹЦߣǹȥǿɰʦ㣬ļҼ񣿡
˵ǵһԭһٶʮοܱһٶʮ֪Σʮһ٣Ǽɹ
СӵһЦЦУһĳ׺ȥ
ĪаϳԱļ˵òҵһʱ䣬ǲƵˣͬŵζè͸ȥ

¥ǰձã߽Ǹմ޻ԭϻ׼񣬿Լջɹ
ǲûпȺеķСӵˣΪڻɱϵèĲ׺ͼȫˣֱߵ̨ǰһȽϿеĴڣ
Ƭ̺ǰļ˾ͽֵ꣬ˡ
ǰԼǰ
ȣóɱɻţϣֻǣǰ
ִ̨£ʶ״ؿһۣǺİ
ɻţƽ׾ƷޣŰɹһŻ鵤һ
֮óڶƽ׾Ʒ޵ϣһűɫڵȥ
󣬷Сӵˣԭ׼Цʱһ۾֮ɫ
𾪣죬ѿŭ
ôܡ
⣬ôܣһСӣȻǶ겻ɵ񣬶ңƺֻһ
ţޣǼײУǿ󣬲ͨܶԸ˵ġ
Ȼڿӣȴɣ֮ڣֹһеڶƽ׾Ʒ޵Ĳϡ
ǾŰɹһŻ鵤һ
ее
СӵĬĬɫѾȫɫ̵÷ϣϵ÷̡



237 ¥
óĵڶƽ׾Ʒ޵Ĳϣǡ̻ǧҶߡڵˮڵʮ󣬱֮ţĶǲϣֺ
Ȼһջһǧ˰ɹĿŵҩ֮ȴƺ㣬ּ֣¹ƤУֱȡһֻ޴ɫצǰİɫ̨ϡ
ܣ
󣬷СӵˣͫͬһʱŴƺЩ˹ǲš
ȻΣʵ
öܵľ޴ɫצݹȥ֮󣬱ִ̨£ҲٴβۿһۣЩȣЩ档
漴ֱͨ
ϾȻǿʮԲ׽ɱǣｻģѨ޶в٣Ҳûм
ȻǻƽеĻƽףƷеļƷͬ̽ףϾ̽ס
ԣȻʮϡ٣ˣܻɱ񣬱ʾ˵ʵʮֲҲûйදݡ
һʼľ֮⣬Ǻܿ죬񹴻ɡ
֮ϣһǧɹżƷѪżƷ
ֽѾǻƼˣɴˣҲɼܵĲ
ˣһջǧ˰ɹټϰ˿ŲͬҩֵԲ㹻һʱˡ
ִ̨£Ѿͷȥ飬׼Ӵһλ
ÿһλǰˣҪǼǣȻ뵽֮ϣɹȻͻ¡
ǧ˰ɹһ룬˵ĺСӵɹʱͻǧ
ʱ֮֮ǰɱЩϿԶһĲϡ
СӵˣҲһǧɹǵǧ໹Զ
ȻڶԷɵĳɾͣȻѾԼһµջ֮ܺͣǿԷɹûгԼȴ޲һתųȥ
ڴʱȴ֣һԲĴָͷСèʯı̱ʯ˹ȥ
һ޶ǿĲȻ¥ڵĿ΢΢һ𵴡
Ϣܶ˵Ӳ֪ʲôѾһʱ䣬żһε˵ȴһɫ䣬ͬһ۾¶Ľ֮顣
̨λִ£Ҳͬʱһʱ۾Ѩޣ
ǣȻɱһͷѨޣ
ִУǲţ˼顣
˽˲֪˵Уʵģʶ
ǰѨʱҲ̾漴Ҳ
һΪŶǿ󣬶Ϊ汾Ѩǿߡ
ҲҪģǶ֮ţʹԽսһ£Ҳʮ飬Ҫôȡ
ǣһĲȷԼûмġ˵ӡȴҲš
ԷϢҲǿҲ벽ѨٿĶѣԪ۷壬ԪڣȻһڵġ
ϣǰδδţ˵ɼƽ񣬻ԡ
˵ɼƽ׼񣬱ղŵţ̻ǧҶߣܣѾΪˡ
Ҫ˵һѨֻûš
ڣʵƫƫǰΪ׵Сӵ꣬óһԱ̵飬Ѩ޵Ĳɡ
ΪѨ޺ͨ޲ͬʹҲǿһóͻᱻ˸֪þòɢҲϲԭ
ʲժһ¶⣬õ꣬һϣԡ
ͨޣЩϺܿḯܣʣֻҩФɣٷ⣬ܱһʱ䡣
ҲҪʹãʹҩЧԳʧ
Ա飬ɢǿʲժ಻졣ܾһ졣
޲ϣġ
Ϊܶӱ߻һЩʧ룬ֵ٣һǺִܶʹļ׵һ顣
˶бϵߣҲҪÿˣһ񣬾ϻ
ܶ˳ȥһʮ£һ¡
ɱ޵Ļ࣬;ѵʱ٣ÿɵȻҲࡣ
Ҳǿ
ǣģټ
ȻȣûԼְ𣬻ǺܿһƬ͹龵׼鿴
ڴʱ˫Ȼһ٣ͣסֽš
óǶԱһ˲ΪڵͷϣԲûȥϸ
ƾĽ飬жϳһʵѨ޲ϡ
ȻǷǳȵģΣϾãټ϶мǿԱпܵġ
̧ͷУǶԱԲ󣬷·èʯһϵèʱͫ˲ͷŴˡ
ѵһִеİ͹龵ʱסʶһɣֱӵ䵽ϣҵһ㡣
ŵվ˫ĿŶ֮İ꣺ǣϵè۾ʲժһյϵè۾
УǶԱ飬ϸм˿˿ɫ绡˸ϵèɡ
飬ֵǣǧѻ
ʲժģֵǿ޹
һʦȱ飬ҪһǿرѰá
ڲ֮ǰһ񣬲һֱû˽ӣûɡ
ɵģѨ޵ɵģȻۺ죬ҲûֻĽظɵۡ
ڣǸ񷢲Ųһܵʱ䣬ϵè۾͵ǰʲժԱ浽á
ֱǣţ顣
뵽ʦϵè۾ӵеļ֮飬ִ£Ҳʱܵˡ
ǵġ
εûϵִ»˱飬Ǻܳʵػش
Ͼλǽ񣬲ܻѱ顣
ǡ
һΣִ½ӹϵè۾֣ȥĴ۾ǳųԣͲš
ϵèɱģϵǸɫһޣ
ǡ
ٴλش𣬶󣬴ڣ˾þõļž
Сӵں󣬱תȥȴмһĻһ˫Ŀͣ·ʯһ㣬Ӳԭء
ѨޣһǣѨѲһ࣬ٶޣϵè
⺮Сӣ׵ĵһСӣȻܻɱЩмСӣ߼СӶ޷ɵ񣬻ɱһͷϵè
ʧѾȫ֪Լһʱ̵顣
ǼĽΣǺǵһȺˣ



238 ֮
վԭصʵҲеƽ
ڻص̨ȻΪڣʥԵʣʧµʱ䣬һá
˵øȥڵĹƶ߽׻ü֮һңϰһʮϡٺİƷ
Ҫǣʶʮϣɰֵܽãձѩ
ˣȻɥʧʱ䣬ǣջԶڸ
ˣһԣҲδܸպھʯ֮ϣȸݡ
ǻƷȳ۳ҲգҲ׵ĻɱͷѨޣϵèҲͲܻջ
ԣ֮У⣬֮Ȼˣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôˣʲôвҡ
˰ӣִ̨ѹֵۣŻعͷǶԱ飬м
Ƭ̺վ𣬳һûϵèɣϲ㡣
Ƭ̺󣬽·һǧɹϱִһɹһǧɹ鵤š
ʰƣתȥȴδȺпСӵӰ
Ҫͷһ˲ͻҲĴȺȥˡ
ԭҪЦһ뷨ҲɢҲԺС
ǲ˿һ

뿪̨˲û뿪¥ֳһĹ̨ȥ
Ƕһ̨
˱ϽƷ֮⣬ˣӵͷƽ׼ޣһͷѨͼϵвϡ
Щϵļֵδãʱ㹻й֮Ҳ˵һ
Ȼ޿϶ǿֻãɱģΪļ֡
ڶһ̨ǰóţ̻ǧҶߡܡϵèĸϣֱü٣һǧ࣬ǧɹ
Уţ˰壬̻ǧҶ߾Űһǧϵèǧߡ
һһܹǧ߰ɹټõǧһһټСԭе٣˵ɹһͻһ򣬴ﵽһһһʮ
ȣֱԽ˾Сӣ˵еСӣǸߵСӣҲû
֮ǰջȣ²Żò٣ͻýӽһֱ࣬ر
ˣҲ㣬»ؽ׵һһЩƷ֮漴ԻصԼСݣչһʱ
һɹûţаǧɹȫһΪѩ׼һšԪ
⡰ԪȻ롰ǵȣҲԶʮ
Ҫ֪ǧɹǺܶ£һջټƽ֣һһ꣬ջǧɹ㲻ǧɹ漣ҾҪʵǿˡ
Ըһóһ룬һڲʹõľԪ޼ˣԣ˾٣ѩĸм
صʯ֮󣬷¾ԪĵΪһһڣ֮ѩڵСݣͷһͷ͸׷Ȼ
Ԫճɣ
֮ȸݵҲɹͻư벽ѨձҲͻƻԪ۷塣
һСʵٴλص׵ΪѩһƷ׹ˮǧ
Ȿһ˿ƷܣΪˣԼϵй׵㣬ɹ
֮ԸΪѩ˸Ϊ츳ʵ̫֮ܳԼ֮ĸ磬ձҪǿ̫ࡣ
ٶȣ˼꣬ѩһᳬԽԼĸ硣
ʱ˵ԼİԶԶһšԪԼһƷķ
ʱ˲ŵͶʣ޵ģ˲ŵĻرҲ޵ġ
οԼѩ˵Ľ飬ֻͶ֣˵ƾǾԼһ֮ٶر಻ݡ
ѩձȫͻ֮ˣٻص¥ȡ˼ɫɫ֮뵺ȥص޻ԭ
ʱһһȥѨƿɸоңң֮⣬˵սʵս飬ȴ
ÿ죬ҪһȻٴνȡ뵺ȥѭ
գۣһʱȥˣ˻۵ɹѾ׳ɹϵĴˡ
Сӵһԭĵףһһ٣Сӣٵڵࡣ
˵Сӣʱǰʮλʮ漸λ಻Զ
СӣҲֻһɹ
һ죬Ѿµһ죬ҲǰڣһˣǷʸ񣬽ִиʱˡ
ˣǰһصפأϢһ֮󣬵ڶһ磬㼴ٴ¥ȴ
һ²ѾķСӣǵȻһη壬һҶǵĿ⡣
ȺУ²ȻѾﵽѨжεڣʥ
ݹʥ֡ڣʥһʱ䣬ʹǿƵĶУôĿҫ۵Ĺ⻪


239 ɱмϣ
ԭɹ֮УڣʥСӲʮڣ˵ڰˡ
ԴӰǰСӣһϺ֮󣬼ʵǿˣֶʳ֮ʵ
֮С޻ԭģСһ𣬶˵޻ԭޣһͷѨޣ̫ϳ
Сӻ̫ʬ壬ڣʥСö֮ѣȫǻģֵˣڣʥսһջɹ
һԭӵеģǵɹȻͻʮ򣬾ߣҲһ֮ң
ݹʥ֡ڣʥ֮ʹûн߽ҲѾ˲ٶӶС
˴ԣٽжŰѿɽǰʮ塣
Ҫ֪ӣԭͲʮˣھЩ½ģҲʮˡ
Щƶӣ֪ΪӶ꣬ӵеԴᣬʤ
ټϣܴﵽ񾳽ģһģôױ˳Խ
ԣ̶̲£ڣʥͿԽһ룬ٶȣԾˡ
УһΪʵȷƷѨûжˡ
󲿷ݶӣսϣҲͻѨҲƷѨ
һԭΪǽһˮ³һεƷ
ջ٣ڣʥӦѩ㣬Ѿ߳һء
ˮ³Ĵ֮ͬСκһ˶Խġ
ʹЩӣŵδͣܶһҲûлһΡ
ʹлᣬҲⶴʱҲܳһ£ֻǼ죬ֻǼʱ
ڣʥȻܴ󣬵Ҳǵ°ˡ
ģʹУΣҲԲϴڸɽʱǱˡ
οصɱδá
ͬʱͻѨ֮磬Ҳ
˵ͻѨ֮󣬲ʵɱҪǣ޵УкܶطֻѨԺ˿š
Ʃ磬أߣƩ磬սҲǰģϡ
ߣʦΪѰϹĵطʧ챦ҵǿ
սƱϣǰв½ܲμӡ
ʱʧܣҲ֪Ϊʲôԭ£׻˭װȥΪ
˵֮ʱ׾ѾѨΪ˿ϴôֻ꣬ӿ£ֻ¾ԴﵽѨڣڣ۷塣
ԶڵĶӵڶ봨һܻȥΪˣһӿ¡
ֻǣԴҲ벻½˭£Щĸˡ
ǷĸˣһǰڵһôȥֶԸһ󱲣
ңȻӣһݣȴǴ½սôһҲû˻ֶΣԸ
ǣ֮ˡ
ֻǣֻǣôϵģѵ׶ͨ˵ĵطǾȻ׿Խ
һֱеһա
磬Ŵݣͬݵش˲ȻŲࡣ
Ŵݣһƺƴս˲룬мλڵ֡
һսʧɫ޹⣬ſ½ԭһһս֮󣬳׷롣
½ƯĴγľŴݡ
һλصǿߣսңĪ˺šâ桱
ֻأŴݸһ㻤ϣͨǴﵽѨӵ챦ͨҲֻһˣֹⳡļ
󣬾ŴҲָͨУΨһŴܹͬμӵʢᣬֻʮһȵĿս
ŴݵŵӣֻҪ䲻ʮģܲμӣǰǣҪдƱݿ֮ϵвݡ
вݵˣûҲǼ򵥡
ΪǻҪֻһʱˣܻμӿս
һΪ۷̨ڶĶӣ봨ûвμӵʸһֱ֮
һֱҲ֪ԼͻѨ޻ᡣ
ңʹͻѨҲֻ˵ʸƱܴܲƣǲǹͻѨܳɹġ
ԣͻѨ֮ľ磬ʮ⣬޹ʷʶɫӡÿһ󾳽磬һת䣬ͻѨҲʮֺӡĵڶ̬ʲô
󣬾ǣĳͭƬܣҲֻͻѨܽ⿪ԡѨκ˶
ϧҲ֪ǲһ͵£ܶһͣڻԪ۷壬벽Ѩľ磬ýѡ
ֻܲԼĻۣǲܴչɹѰһᣬżһС
׬ȡɹٶ˵ɹҪʵѡ
ѵǣڽż֮ǰ󣬸õı֤ԼһͻѨѡ
ϾʮɹһΣɲСĿСУҲֻһˣձƵͻƵĹؽ
ʱҲΪǣѰҽżĻԵ
һݾ޴ޱȵѹܲͻƣֻܿԵġ츳Ŭˡ



240 ɱмУ
ڣʥ˷СӣӦѩ飬СӣСӣСӵˡ
ʱ䲻ÿһˣó࣬ǿࡣ
˵ﲿλ͸ƵϢѨƿ߼ͻƵѨס
УӦѩΪ죬ѾﵽѨںΣѨ۷岻Զ
Ʒɣ񾩣裬ѨڳΣأͻѨжΣȱһЩʱĻۣҲƲ̫ˡ
ڵѪ̣ˣڰ벽ѨǻҪͻƵѨɲֹΪһ츳Եԣرȱһɡ
ҲŬɹ׼żһС
ʮɹϾһСĿûôûۡ
ټϣȡɹҲԼһ˶ռҪСˣԣ˵ٶȣȲ
ڣʥؿһ۾ɭɱ
ԭΪûڣû뵽ͻȻΪڸͻ벽Ѩ
ͻѨ롣
벽ѨΧɱһͷѨޣϵèͻѨвԼˡ
ڣʥ֪أڸ֮ϰ£Уĳޣһǲݣתء
ҲЦ
ͬ
ƫƧ֮أֻһЩɢޣϵûγ
һȺշųբڵӣƬΪϤսѧϰ飬ϰ߲ɱ
ڸһͼҵսܶˣֻ»ֱȥ
ԣֻе㹻ˣʵﵽˣܽм
ңΪ˷ֹǾ鲻㣬߻Ÿǲ˴ִСӣڰпӡ
еΣգ߷ǶֹԮ
мͬ
мҪö࣬ս֮䣬ӳǣҪ֮ս
ǿޣѨڣмѨڣѨ۷ޡ
żСһϣʵģȫû
һЩʵǿСӣҲ⡣
ңûִСӣΪмսˣҪľ
ڵӣȥɬó죬ͱ뾭ЩѪĿ飬пܳɳΪţ޽磬Ķ
ڳڣʥҶ֣ΪִСӷ֡
ʱʹǶӣһͨڵӣҲҪܵϿ̷ʹá
ðա
ǣмͬ
ԭǣˣղɹ벻мûԸ
û뵽СӺϣȻԽ˾СӣɹϵĴأнмʸ
ʱûִСӵĴڣٸӶӵ޻ʱлᣬаգСӣɱѿС
Ҫǣʹһ֧СӣмУҲǳ¡
ֻҪƸ޴󳱣޹ǵ¡
Ҫ֣͹ǣʶʱ񣬸˰ɡ
ڣʥޱ飬عͷЦ
Ψһĵģˣǲǻ֪ͬηмĿ£ҽ롣
ʱǷָأʹʵǿԽõٶ࣬ҲΪ
ϣ㲻ɣǺǡ
Ȼѡ˵Բ㡣ˣڳͻѨҲΪǡ
벽Ѩµˣѡ룻ﵽѨϵģֻҪʱһɹ㣬ԸԸ⣬롣
ɡ
ΪѨǿߣѾŵʵԽߣҪеԽǿ
ȻһֱһѨӣһֱڳɱЩ䵥ĵͼޡ
ǿ϶ҪǲǿִиΪΣյ

¥ʱ򣬡ˣˣˡ̵Ȩ棬ϣһ롣
Ŀɨˣ۾¶һ˿΢Ц
Ƕܺá
ʹ˿ҲЦݡ
һڵӣгɫŸûãѾͻѨµȵƷѨҲ
Ѩʵǣǣδϣ
ӣҲвͻư벽ѨѨ߽˻Ԫڣ߻Ԫ۷塣
ϲǡ
ڵӣȨ浽ʱ򣬾ԭȵüžһɫ࣬Ȩ档
ȨĻϲɫȻܵõСٽɱ񡱣ޡ֮ƵȨһޣʮѵõ顣
˭֪ȨȴȻһת
ҲҪ̫
žҲ֪޻ԭУΪƽһ򡣡
ޣ·²ˣһһ֣Ƨ󷽣޴ᵽս
ưԣûκôߡ
ǣмͬ
мѨޣѨ۷ޣа벽ڼĴڣ
Ƿʤ
֮飬ǲҪʵҪ
ȻʵٺãҲǸ³
ԣ󣬲趨˹أֻСɹͻ򣬶ҽ޻ԭ£ʸ񣬽м
ڣұ֮УɹﵽСӵ֡
ֵģǰһǵļν
ԣɫһֱ࣬ͦ˱
ǣ֪ԼСɹˣԲˣĽĿǡ
Ȩ治ɫóһᣬ
һСӣӳ񾩣Ʒɣɹ185000
ڶڣʥСӣӳڣʥɹ160000
Сӣӳ裬ɹ50100
Сӣӳɹ49500
СӣӳѪ̣ɹ30100
ˣ֧СӣҪ󣬿ԽһѪϲǣǶһеٮٮߡ
Ҳ˵ǰͷмɲͬڳ֮УǰСӣΣգԱ֮⡣
֧СӣһѨޣϾȫû³
ԣϣؿǣʱмȴͻѨ֮н롣
ȻǿԼѡǿȡ
ǣڽ֮ǰһҪ£Ȳһ룬Īڡ
ȻҲ˵ȫ޺ô
ʵԽǿеԽ󣬳еԽջĹҲԽǽܶһĶҲԽ࣬ĳɾҲԽǿ
һЩƽʱ⹫ر鵤ƷƷֻнмСܹһ
ѡ񣬶˿Լ

ԣڵӶһ𾪡
ԭս֮УҲԶһƷƷġ
׵ҲһЩֻƷӣмˣܹһĹãƷ׸ߣҪǣ˰ƷĶһ
Ҫ֪ˣ໹ûаƷУҲǲС
صţ޷ȫ
ڣֻҪŬ׬ȡɹлᡣ
˵۾ʱ
ȨҲΪ֧Сӵͷˣȴǵѡ


241 ɱм£
ȻֳһƬĬ
û˿ڴ𻰡
ڣʥƷɵˣǿ϶룻Ψһģڵģ֧Сӡ
ҲԼѪ̵ڵСӣޡ
Ȩ濴ǣƺ֪ǵΪѣȻһЦڵҲա
ȸһݶһֻнмܶһƷȿһգѡ񡣡
˵꣬һУŵҳͷ·ƽƽ𣬷ɵӳǰ
ڣʥƷɣˣԥӹһ̲ס۾
Ѫ̣Ҳȡһţϸۿ
ԽԽ𾪡
һϣиƷ鵤ϣһƷƷ
֮⣬ƷҩԼͨ쳹һȼرӰ
Ŀת䵽鵤һ֮ϡ
ħ۵޼Ѫ
һϣ鵤һȻ˶ϡ鵤в٣ǸͻѨиͻƷ֮
д󶯡
ôϡ鵤ѹְ˴ţˣ֮͡زֹߴţһҲࡣ
¿
һ
ƷѪǹƷ֣Ʒ칭Ʒ̫׸ƷܣƷ
Ʒѩ佣Ʒ
Լᶨһ̣Ҳһʧء
ƷͲ˵ˣ׵ҲԶԶۣڣһϣȴ˽ʮϵƷƷ
ƷûϸΪʱȫĿ⣬ѾȫƷ
ɢĹ⻪·˸ƲĿ벽
ѩ佣һĺڣмһȴ·һ쳤
ߣƬƬѩϷ裬ɭ溮·һħ
ֻһۣ۾ƺȥԺУȻһʹ
󺧣һҧ⣬ѹæƫͷ
һͶӰȻӵħѩ佣׸ʲôӵģ

Ŀ⣬ԱߵһƷ
һ
˹ԼһֻưС𣬼˸ź˵ĺâƺոյ
֮ϣ鲼߲ƣ֮ɣȴһ㲻˹֮ܣһֲֿɱ⣬ֱ͸ģƺ¶Ϊ֮͸
ҿ϶Դ˹ֻ˲ɥʧսһ㷴֮Ķ
⣬Ʒ𣬹Ȼ£
һ̣ˣ䣬Ϊʲôôϡ٣ԽϣԽǿµԭ
ΪÿһƷǲ֪³ӵһĿ
ЩҴɣź壬ӵС
Ҳֻ߷һܹƷǣѨ۷壬벽һĸˡ
һûмƷ
Ҳ⣬Ʒÿһ֣ǻһѪ˵һǰڸ߲㣬ƷҲ
ԣһϣƷӰ
˵㿴𣻾ҲС
濴ȻֻӰҲһ֮ϲˡ
٣֪ˣӦģԺиƷˣָӦԣ򲻹ǲҪܡ
ͬʱҲ뵽ˣԼ֮УѾкܳһʱģֻᡣ
ֻᣬʹãҲһӴϢʮֿ£ҿ϶ǿ϶ɡ
ֻǣϾǼʦҲ֪ᣬʲô
ǣƲƷҲƷΪתϢЩͨƷɱȡ
ڣ㽫óȴԼͻѨ֮ٿ;١
ѵĴһһӹࡣ
Ʒ͵ݣغ̥ϴ壬Ѩǿߵ壬˲һ
Ʒ͵ݣѩͻƾ֮
ƷеݣӰݣ֮ᣬٶһ

ոմ໹ûعľһξ
ƷݣǿǶԿȾһݣ֮Ҷȸݶʤһй֮
棬֡
ÿһ֣ϡ䣬ԼܹӵС
ȻĿĶһ۸ʱҲһЦ֪Լ롣
ÿһݵĶһ۸ٶǼʮϰɹЩɹǶӣҲѴ롣
Щݣһϣ֪˶ʱ䣬˶һ
û˶ģܶһģѱˣʣµģ˸еһЩϡ
ر࣡
Ѩɫ룬Ѱǧ󣬶Ѱ汦ر
˿ϡرһЩǿĹĲ
еһöƷ䣬߽׻ü֮һľ֮
棬һĶһֻ֣ô뷨
ȻĶ֪ڣУû
䵽ԼģҲصһƷĶһбϡ
߲ʺʽʥʥٷѧ
Ӱ̫ݽ׷羪꽣壬콣ѧ
ιִɫ浤壬ٻ壬壬ѧ
Ȼ棬⣬ұһѧ֡
һΪ
һֱ֪УôƬڣǿǷǳǿһƬ
УܴƬģҲûмˡ
һ֣һһʽѧපצʽ
පצƷһʽһʽ޼䳤飻ڶʽ̻䣻ʽħʽѪ֣ʽ̻걬
ʽһʽһʽǿһʽһʽ£һһʽͻ˽ʮöƷƬӽʮŹ׵㡣
ڶʽ̻䣬۸񲻱䣬ﻻɹɹȹ׵һʽ޼䳤飬۸ɹ
ڶʽ̻䣬Ҳɹʽħͬˣɹ
ģʽ۸ǡʽѪ֣۸ɹʽ̻걬Ҫߴɹ
һһװƷȻҪ۸ߴʮɹԶȴ󲿷ݰƷΪߡ
һеͷۡ
ѹ֣ʹ֪мΣգȻǰ̣洳롣
ʵߺ󣬲Ȱ裬ӲЩ߼ǰߡ
ЩƷʵ̫̫ۺ죬ֻҪˣû÷ܾġ
ǣ۸Ҳ̫ˣ֮ǰãɹĻãҲûеôѣһʱ䣬ͻ˳ɹ
ڲ֪Ҫãȥˮһ㡣
׬ģԶûлĿ졣
˸Լʵɱޣȡɹ֮⣬ûеڶ·ߡ
Ķ̫ҪϧԭΪ԰ɹʵǱˮнֵһᡣ
Ҫ˵;ԼԱҪ䡣
УĴܸС
Ҳ٣ʱֻǰ벽Ѩʵǿһ죬᲻ʱ򣬻һбϵɹҲûпܡ
ǾͣŬƴɣһУƴȫ
۾Уһ˲䷢ҫ۵Ĺâͬҹǳ
Ȩ濴˵ı飬˲Цˡ
֪һǣһĽҪģĽ
ôǵѡˣ
΢Цʡ


242 Ѫ
ĺ߰˸ĵ죬ȻЩһߣƺһߣںйŤ
⣬ڵһʮգŹֵĵѪ
Ѫ߸СɣУѪӵΪףΪߵΪβ
УգΣյģȻǸѪӵӵҲѪԶһЩ㿴Σʮֿɲ
ˣڽС
ߴĴ֣գɭټͷѪ챡ôһֿɲĸо
֮УѩϾŮ״̲סɪɪһ㶼Լ磬һЩ
¡
нͨ쳹壬ɫ侲ο
ȻʵϣҲڽɫŵ״̬
֪ɲ޻ԭǵȵطܱȣȻмȻмĿ¡
һ߾ĿĹˣ۲һеĶһĬĬػع뿪֮ǰȨ˵Ļ
ǧǵãս֮УмɲʵͻĿԼߡ
⣬ҪһǣǧСκһֻޣһֻɰ޹ҰãСèпͻȻɲĹ
ԣĪʴ֮ģʴ֮ģѣҺˡ
ûз飬СһЩͼޣӶʹ֧Ŷӣ̸𡣡
Щ޴Уܱ仯̬˶Ŀĸ߼ޣǹװСȡͬ飬ԽߣѼ鱨
ޣµģѪԵ֮ϣЩ޶Ҫ£ˣһ򣬾һ
һϣ뾡ȫɱʨӲãȫмǣмǣ
뵽Ȩ֮ǰԼ֧Сӵ侲
Ϊ֪Žκ⣬ֻὫԼСӴ
ûִСӸ棬ʱȡ

ȻУһĺϢϢ·һֻҰţڳԲݡ
ͻȻȻһͣУһҵļУһŨѪƮ
ɫһ䣬æܹȥƬ̼䣬һɫĺǰ
ǰ̲𣬵ʱȴѪѪһֻɫֻǵؾţ
ʱֻţȴȻѾò˫Բͭ۾УǲţĿ
ǵڤţ
һЩص˵
ԣձѩǻһɫɲʱѩס
ȻҲ޻ԭһβ̵ʱ䣬Ȼμ˹顣
ڤţһּǿޣߴƽ׾ƷǻɱţһƷס
ĳЩ˵ʳĵڤţ֮ţΪ£Ѳ
ȻڣֻղŻϿʳҰݣƬ֮䣬ͱĪɱһ㷴ޣȴںϣֻв֮ϣϸС㣬ɫѪ顣
ϵѪЩѪȾɡ
΢΢ķ紵һŵζ羰ʱȴ쳣ĺ䡣
Ŀһţֻţ˷΢΢ʲôҰ޵ӰҲҪ˵ͷɱ˵ڤţ֡
ѨޣңѨУҲǲĴڣ
һձˣ˵
ƶϣ֪ⷽƶ侪ˣ׼ȷߣԣ˶ûлɡ
Ϊûлɣ˷ǲɵһ
ԭսмŹһ죬Ȼ˹죬µޡ
ڤţĻƽ׾Ʒޣ޷֮ıɱ
ǵСˣܰȫĻ֮

жѨޣǣѨޣҲֻǵײ㣬ǵ׵ĴڣɱĶ
Ŀԣ˶Է֮еĳء
ȻһϵƷʮַḻ쳣ҪõҲҪȥƴȥ
һûˣһУҲûκε塣
ο֪ԼˣֹҪѪԵ֮洦ɼɱҪͬһʱ䣬Ѫֻϵص㲻ͬڣʥһˡ
ûһҿ϶˫ضǲݡ
ڣʥСӣжʮԱҴǻԪڣԪ۷壬벽Ѩ
ǣǿģҲ벽Ѩѡ
ԼһˣȻ£ȻҪչˣһսߣǲԺõһߡ
ٶ뿪ԷߵѪޣʱˡ
һǿѹĵĲؿ˵
á
ĻҲӦԥ˰βݶֶ룬գʧãã֮С
Ǹ뿪ãȻԭط಺ֶһЩĺӰ
վԭأֻڤţʬƬ̣ȻһЦԭһֻѨڵĲã̶ֳȵĲãҲֵǧɹʵڲֵһᣬֵܾѴȥ׽
ţ뿪
뿪Ȼһӵᣬ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ףҵһģţһˣ벽ѨһԪ۷壬һˡ
ȻһһƬѪǿס
֮󣬺ɫЩԥЩŵģԪڣûиоɣһͻƻԪڲõĴڣˣҲѪ
ǲ֪ôд
ƫͷ΢¶˼ЩϢҲһЩʲôȻ۾
ˣЩν˵ǽмʱ򣬿Щįõˣڵ˼ˣ
ϣֲǶղ֧Ŷһã˵иڣʥӦѩ黹㲻ϣǲҪʧ
ڸղ֧СӣӦ⵺ϻ죬ҪʧҪôʳʬĶǸҪôֺ壬Ҳ˰ɣ
ֻǿϧڵӡ
Ǻǡ
꣬ڼͬŵģ̧ͷһɫ૵
ֵһ֮ŨʱʱɲʺϵܣЩħֶҪˣǸϽҸɽһ㣬ٳɣ
²׬ɹЩⰡ
Ļ磬ȴȻܲϿյѪƺҲ֮þࡣ
һƬƬУ޵ŭ֮һӦһ˷
Ѫһ˲ͬһƬֲ׵ء
״ЦһһҲ֪ʹʲôط˾Ȼһһ㣬գʧ
ߺһֻгҰСֻȰѪɫһ֧ìһⳤĳǵľ޴࣬طɳ
ɵڤţϿգϢſ˵ϢȻǶɫĸۼգ£¶֮ɫ
΢һ·Ȼͳʧķ׷ȥ
ں뿪ķԭеζȻҲʧ·һѸɢܵѪС
ʹζеĲãȻҲо


243 
΢紵
УȻ
һڶԵ֮ģ֮ϵĺͬЩȴɫһѹֵĺء
о˲ԡ
ЩЩͬѰҸطһܡ
á
ձ˶֪ǼСһرܹ֪ΣգȻ˵˾
˵ӿٶȣֹʯƬ֮󣬳һͰĶǰ
½£ƺһĶڣͨصף֪ͨη
иɽǽȥһܡ
ձ
Ȼȴû룬ɫЩ࣬ȵһȣ̣ȼȥ
ţ
տʼձ˾ãȻ漴ͷӦɫһϲһԲ鿴ûΣգҲܽһЩ߳ϵﾡѬ˯ðȡ
˵֣ҵֱĴһЩ̣רҰɰʪּ
Ƭ֮󣬻ȼŨḷ́˳磬붴Ѩ֮ڡ
˵Ƭ̣ȻӶѨ֮Уһֻֻưĺɫ֩룬Щɫ֩һֻֻߺʮֲֿ
ձ˲ɰңĻðȻȥ֪ᷢʲô顣
ңЩɫ֩룬Ȼ࣬ʵǿֻлƽڣ˺Ƭ֮󣬼Щɫ֩ɨһա
ʱ֮󣬶Ѩ֮Уδ֩ˣҲĲС۵
ʱձ˶Ȼ֪ӦûʲôΣˣǶϰ
ûǱ㲻롣
ڴǿѹ¸ղһսƣڵûˣҶȥɣҪСһЩԷһ
ã硣
һѵȴ漴ձͷһ˽ȥУѩһȼյĻѣΪߡ
״ҡҡͷҲοЦһ˽ȥûзɾ衣
Լ֧СӣǰǸģھһµĥϣڽһ֧СӵˣȻѣҲнֹϡ
ֻŸҴǽ뵽ѪȻȨĶһϣЩҲԻԥѡȴСӵʵһſǽѪ
Ѩ֮У䳱ʪѹʺЩ֩±֮ϣһɫԲѣձһһľͱƣֹͻȻҹܳˡ
ڣѨͻȻ´ȥܵɫҲЩͬѰڣǱЩ졣
ɫһЩԥձ˵ɫԲͣ£ɫ΢ԥһ˲ûгȰ衣
Ѩ£Լһʱ䣬ߵ˾ͷǰģһ鶴
鶴Уһֻ޴ɫԲ룬һʯͷ֮ϣĴܸоһֻǿޣ
״ʱһæסձˡ
ԼȫϢСϼ룬Σȷһֻ˯Ĺų׼룬ʱӦûû˵
ԥһ˲ûǰһͱơ
ֻų׼룬Բ֮ͬǰЩ֩ѣЩ֩ûʲôΣԣֻ޴ϼ룬˭Ҳ֪һͱƣǰЩ˼ı仯
ðգΪĴͨ쳹иӦǾ޴ϼУֻ׳棬ȻȻ˯״̬һһϢȴ̺һȻ·صĺϢ
ҿ϶ֻ׳һѨޣпֹֻܻѨڣѨޡ
ߣԶһ㣬صѨжΣ𣬽ҹҹ˭ҲŵֻϼϢûУ
ѵõĿ˵
˵֣أձȻ֪ԭ򣬵Ҳֻ֪ϼֻ²ͬѰ׷׵ͷӦǡ
漴ԭ·أֱ밵콻ĵطͣ£һó伢
ȻȴԲģ򵥳ԹһЩʳ֮󣬳ձϢ֮߻ضڣ˫ĿԶգԶڶĺ죬ƶɫоЩľ
ܸоʲôõ飬
ʱ֮䣬Ȼһ޺޺һһǰ룬ƺɽеҰޣһ˲䣬ͬʱ˿һ㡣
ɫʱһ䡣
ܵЩϢת䡣
Щ޺𣬷ǱѰƺֻǣΪʲô˱仯ĪЩ
ǲǹ˵صʱ򣬿ûᵽǴ©ˣǹˣ
˵©ֻ²̫ܣϾÿ궼˵ˣҪ˵ǹˣ۽źӣʧ̫ô
в²硣֪Ÿ߲㵽ʲô뷨ֻͻŸ߲㲢֪Ȼ֮ǰûἰ
Ѿ׵ظо޻ԭǵȵطȫͬˡ
˵޻ԭֱͨȦ޳һ㡣
ޣȻͦ׶񣬵һ֪Ǽֱɵһֻֻ˳Сèһ㡣
ͻȻɫȻһ䣬оһӴ׶ϢѸٱƽ
ǡ
ϥ˼ȫͨ쳹Уͨͨ쳹ĸӦˣԶĴУһֻӴͬҰһСӣ߷
һ˲䣬˼ӵϵʱȻǶɫĸۣȻһһٶȸ죬ĸоУȻΪһſĲӰ
ǡ
Ϣ
һ˲䣬ɫ䣬֮ϣʱһɲĺ⣬ϸϸܵĺ顣
ͷɱ˵ڤţϢȻˣһ֮ǰ·ʱСģϢ

꣡
֪޿ɱܣһ˲䣬ָڴһХŵХѨ֮ڵձѩˣʱ֪ãһ˻ѣ𣬷ɿ쳯վĶڴ򼲱
ģ˭ҲûпХһɲǣ۶֮Уֻھ޴쾧ʯ֮ϵɫ޼룬ƺӦһ˲΢΢ζһ¡
ܿһζһϸһĲ

Ѩ֮ǰձˣѾվһɫ࣬Դһ˿֣أضŴӴУ˶ԽԽǸɫС㡣
ȿЩѪɫ˫ԼĳǣձЩŵصһֻӣ
ôӣ
ѩ˫ڿڣʧɫѸ󣬸оѪЩ䡣
һʱ䣬ɫڻָ˳ؿձһۣⲻͨӣǱ˵ľãвãֻڱشҲֻ˵벻Ȼҽ
ã˵ǿʳΪʳӲôһֻǧٱܲ㣿
֮Уڶ򶨵ģϾô£ԣ̲ס˵

ɫ࣬ɭһתὣѾ֣ὣأ䱸
Żֻþ޴ѾڷɽǰԶͿԿǷĿһһϣ׽ѪǺζ
һŨصȷ磬


244 Σ
ˣˡ
һɣʮɣʮɣʮɣʮɡ
֮ľ룬Ѿֿɼ
ڴʱһȣ֣
á
ҲԥһΣһ֣߾ɽѩ
ֻŪڴߣ΢࣬þȫ˵һ
ͣ
Уƺоը죬ضȻúڰһ磬ȻƮƮȻĪ
ؼ䣬Ȼѩ
ͷ÷ǰʮɣͲǰһɫĸۣϸشˣ·ͷʳг˷ܺڴ
ûаǰĸСڣУ⻹ֵϾʳʳ
Ȼһ˲䣬ȴȻоܵأȻú
УһֵХХͨУȴش޹ģǾ޴Դ˲һѣ
Ȼʱ䣬ǧ֮һɲǣ˲ͻָѣѨ޵ľ˼кǿ
ûܵκδۣŭ
һһѪ챡ͳ˼ֶ
ͬʱõҲһ͵˵ǰ
ļǣһһ㣬ղʹܴ
죬̫ˣ
ͷ΢ǸԿɬˡ
ֲѵĹĪ׷ٶȣǲ𣿸оϴζϵϵèҪɲѲ
ǣܲܲȣ
ֻ֣һ£Ҫ
벽ѨѨʵ̫ˣڻ
ὣ˲ɫ绨绨ӣ·ߣ˲䳯Ųõȥ
˫У𵭵âħͫȫ߷â֮Уһǳǳɫߣ˸
ħͫޣڣõٶǰˣˣϷ
ڣ׽Ӱ
Ӵǰͷ·һСɽ
ĳȥһ˲ı˷ûļǡ
䣡
һ죬ͬлͷײ顱һһƺߣ˷·һ۶ӭײֱӳѨڲ˻ȥ
ڰգѾһѪ¶
ȻͷҲܣ
û뵽ǰĸ࣬ȻԿٶȣԸδٷ
ȫ£ȻǳǣûǸ͡
һȫͼž£ǡļ֮ϡ
ʱֻһġžꡱ֮һö̵ļǣ˲۶ϣΪء
пڴ¶һϸܵĺɫʣðɫˮ飬пڶϺ¡
һֲֿ𣬲óŭˡ
ʱУǰĸֹ࣬ʳǳˡ
ֻһչӹǰˣֱӳѨڷɻص׷ȥҪ
붴Ѩ֮еһɲǼ䣬ȻĲȻһƺܵʲôõ£ɿһᣬϷɳ
ͣ
뿪һ˲䣬һ֧ɫĳ¼Ӷءһصضʯϣ¶һؼĶβ
βڲϲ
ɴ˿ɼһٶ֮죬֮͡
ձۿã
Ȼû뵽õĸӦôٶô죬ǱǣȻҲѸٷӦұܿ
÷ɻͷһɫĸۣ˲䶢סձ
һ̣ѾﵽԪ۷徳ձȻһ˲оЩ䡣
ͷûһξ룬ȴֻ޴룬ûκܵأֻ׸
һֱûκɿɽձͷٺף⣬ˣֻ¶Ҫ
⣬
Ȼ£ųһ£Ҫˣ֪ˣڹУĸףȻţһ㣬վ
֮дֲγѵˣʱ֮жȻһųС
޹ԣ˵ıܡ
ڴʱɶȻֻˣȻɫ԰һЩɫɼ㣬ңУΪ侲ġ
ɫһ˿ţڴһѵõĶ֣֮У֣أ
Ľһ
ὣӣͼžǰĽһ̣ڻһΪһ
ɫɫɫɫĵ⣬ںһ𣬻ΪһƥŲõĸҪֱȥ
øо˷ŭ
һͨˣǰĸСֻ࣬Сϡ
Ȼϲ½ŲǼС࣬ȴһϱܿץֲϻɧ
еͷоܵ衣
ۣ
Ͼȥʰձعͷ泯ſһ£³һɫԲ
Բ·һɫڰкȻײɽʯʱܲס˾޾¿
ʯɽ֮Уˣ׷ܣͷãСĿռ֮УҲ޴ܣֻвסܵľʯ
˭Ҳûע⵽ɽĲ𶯣۶УҲ֮ϱ⡣
ʯ׷ĽǸ۶ĵɫ޼֮ϣɫ޼ʱһĲʹ⣬һһ
һǿϢڲϲ
ˮǧ
ѩȻʵܶͷѨĲòʲôӰ죬ҲȫٻһĽŲ
һɫˮ·ˮӣӿܵĿʱЩճȻоЩʣȴ⡣
һ𵴲Щɫˮʱ·飬ɢ
ѩɫһףۡһ³һѪŵŵšæӻͳһСƿͳһУŸоһЩ
ȻⲢǽ
ãȻ֪ɽѩҲͷ첻ʲôӰ죬Ǿȫһڴɽѩڶؾ硣
һϸղѩˮǧ֮֮亮ʢ
ɫı⣬һööͬƬи򲶾õȫ£֮У쳹š͡һ಻ƿ
۾м֮ɫһᣬһɴϯıͷ׷׵ɶأȫܵʯ֮У
֪ﲻκæֻ谭Լæȳȥｻң
ĴѩǴ󼱣ǡ
ҡ
һ̣ǰδеļĿУ˸һ˭ҲĹâ˵
š
ձѩû˵֪ʱѶȻеģȻһˣڵɣԼյأȻǻһ
ðɣߣ
ԣձҲ¶ģãһ˷ٶݳڣһԷӡ
Ҳû߶Զ뿪ʮɾ룬һƬֱͣŵس߶
Ѿ뿪һӻͳһ
һɫС򿪣澲öͬСɫķεҩ
һ֮ŵҩ֮ɢֻһڣ͸оһɲҵζ
ĵѪ衱һʹãȼԼȫѪʵ˲伤һֹ
ֵҩ֢ҲʮأʹһΣ֮ڣǷˡ
ʹ췣֮ǣ滹ڣԸ¶Լܡ
ĵҩЧȻǿ󣬵ʵ޽⡣
٣֪һֽⷽ
ԣʱһΣ֮һԥȡöѾãȴһֱûлᶯõĶĵ


245 ѿ
ԥһ֣һţ뵽˺֮С
䣡
ĵڣһɲǣֻоȫѪ·ȼһ㡣
ȫ£ð޾Ļ֮֮ȫѪȼղ壬ɲ£Ӷ⡣
Ǳʩչ˱ԪѪҪǿʮֹϢ
ԪѪȻҲǿȻϾƷײ㣬Чǳ΢
磬ʹȫ߶ܹȼյѪҲʮ֮һ
ĵȴȫȼգ
ԪѪܶ˺΢΢ϢһʱͿȫָ
ĵȴܣ֢֮ԪѪҪǿ̫ˡ
ϾȼȫѪĵҩһֱѪֱҲûпܡ
ڣҲûʱȥڡ
ˣΪĵѪѸȼգضƯѨա
ףһƬͨ죬ȴ侲쳣·һ̶ˮ
֮ϣҲֻһЩ£˿ûΪѪȼգýŰɫ
ϣڲ
߶ȣڲϱǿ
䣡
֮У·ͻĳƿ£һƬ˱ըԵ
벽ѨѨڳΡѨжΡѨںΡ
Ѩ۷塭Ѩڣ
һ̣ϵϢȻѨڣ֮ãй֮޲
䣡
ὣӣٴնһ
һΣⲻͬˡ
ĵɫĽ⣬ںһǰˣ۳һƬããĿɫѿգֱӳŲóȥ
棬ͣڰ֮еĲã۾У׶¶һ˿η֮ɫ
о˲á
ǰ࣬һöҩƺͱǿ࣬ұҪǿ
ɶ񣡡
ÿǼΪǳģ֮ǰһһСؼǣǲݵĴûб˺
ֻ˫ɫĸۣȻֳһȦһȦɫĲƣ·ˮ
ЩƵĲֻõȻ֮Сգۼ䣬ȻСֻһֻƴС
Ȼòȴˡ
ֻʱͷܵ˫Ȼٴԭ˫֮£ٴһСһŵѪ
ԭֻնļǣҲ³ұøӷ˸Żһĺ⡣
ϣҲһһɫĲƣЩƣһŤŹɱ
ɫȻһ䡣
ȻҲͻƵѨˡ

ʱѾܽвˣǲУʮԵģһͷ˵Ĳ
һΣеļ֡
ȻԼҲѨڣȻϾ绹ԶȫӳӦе
һͷĲȻʲô¡
Ҳûбİ취ˣֻһԣ
ս
䣡
ɫȻ£նڲϣȻͷȴֻһգۼܹĹ
һֻܵһЩˡ
ŭĳһ㣬һӰȻɲǼٴǰ飬ʧ
üļ䣬ȻһĴ۸о
ã
ֽμˣͬʱ˫Уħͫٴȫǰߣɫ
һͷĲӰǰԽԽ
ǳļǣҲԼɼ
úã
һ£ȻһƵķ·һִգͷ
ʥ
ͬʱ֣һ˲ɫ·һſ˴ڣһŤͳ˲ĸ
䣡
һ죬ļǣûдüģ㼤һ𵴣ţ˳ȥײʯڡ
м׷ɡ
У߳ϸϸɫĿҺȻ飬ȴøӷŭˡ
û뵽ǰ࣬Ȼһ٣ٶ˺
ٴγ˹
Ҳٽӭϡ
һӼҵĴսʼ֮ǰգӿ¡
Ѩ֮Уɳʯʯڣܵ׷ꡣ
ɾһһõӰʯ֮УϽӣֲϷֿ
ѨˣܵѨбĴսһ¶֮ɫڽţ뿴һЩ
ȴֻܸܵһɹɾ磬ȴʲôҲ
˼Ҫضæ뵽֮ǰ´֪սǲ岻֣һֻܲԭתȦɫ
ѨǴ۶֮Уʯ֮ϵֻɫ޼룬ΪⶴѨıʣ˸Ĳʹ⣬ҲøӾһһ
Ǿ޴ɫ޼룬Ҳ֮һһʱһ·֣ƺʱܹƼ硣

Ľһ
֣һʹපצһʽ޼䳤飬һ˶ὣһ
˲ƣٵطƣ¶ѪۣƲҲһЩɫѪ顣
ж
˲ֻܷһڲϣҲеĺۼ
һһսǼҡ
ڣڶʮ彣һУɫĲƣɫĲƣ·磬ַ·ؼ䣬Ȼһ޴ĺɫڡ
һ߶һ޴ʯʱ·ֱʧͲڹһ㡣
һһ޶Ѿս˼ޣϢʼ˥
ڴʱѨ֮УǸɫ޼ı仯ڵ˾ͷ
꣡
һ΢죬·СƿǶѵ죬صѨ
һֻССĺɫͷ­̽˳ͷ֮ϣֻĴǡ
꣡
ϼѵϱڣһֻ·ưɫĺӼƷչǶԾĳ
۾ĴתһȦƺЩԻ
ȻսڲƵķϼһȦת䷽Ѩȥ


246 ʫ˪
ţ
ս֮еͲȻ͸оһëȻĸо·ʲôԼ
ѾսòݵǣȻͬһʱˣ۾ضŶѨڲ
Ƭ֮
һ漴һõԤУʲô
ӺڰĶѨɳģһϹ⡣
ţҲͷ·Ľ˿ɢŵĹâ
ֻǣâɫģҲϱãԶһȥͷ·һβϲɫ˿
ˣһЩȵϹѾʮɵʱħͫȿƥɫ˿ģ
ǾȻһֻشŵĺ
ʾһɫֻǳ֮ϣ˸ŵϹ⣬ͬһɫ˿ɡ
ǵĹâ֮֮£λãʫһƷ
ֻԶۣ档
Ȼһֻ޺ĺȴ˿µľӡ
оֻԱߵͷҪö࣬µöࡣ
ѨޣѨޣ
аĲ²š
ʱɫѾǰ
¶η֮ɫĳȥǣٶȣȴȲɫ
ϹһһһƬɫλһĻۣͻȻ£˲
һ̣ղŻڣޱȵĲ͵ص˵ϣѪ⣬һ˲丯
ֻգۼ䣬֮ϣֻһϸݵĹ˸ŵ̹⡣
⡭
Զһ㣬һĻͷľӷ졣
ԥֱӳŶѨ֮ɱȥһ߱ܣһߺ˷ͷܡ
ͷɫκεֿ֮ġ
ĲҲһ£޻ԭϲϲɱ޵ľ飬ףֻɫܶԸĴڡ
ȻʹƷӣټǧУٶļٶȵĵزþˣȻ֮ľ룬ۿɼٶ̡
ۿˣˣعͷͿֻɫһ³һƬɫĻۣٴͷ£ۿҪͷϡ
һҲú͸ղͷһʬ޴档
һҧ۾Ѿߵֻɫ۾УһĨԥ漴һƬȻ
סһЩܣʲô
췣֮
ֻûгڡ
ʱȻоһ磬Ȼ۽漴Լǰһˡ
һɴŮ
ֻǰɫһۣɫ֣أһ䣺벻һ
ΣҲҵǰ˺֮ˣ
Ż˫֣ͻȻλðһ
һƬ·ɫǿһĹâȻ֣ͷ˳һƬɫۡ
Щɫâ߽ͬ֯֯ѨƺȻһƬ貵ǿա
վǿ֮ŮԵøӲˡ
ؿЩɫâЩȫ£Ӱ١
ŮѾ糯Ѩ֮ȥ
ߣңҲֿѿʱ䣡
ѿ
һûзӦѿһʲôʱѾƼŮѨӶȥ
Ȼֻɫȴƺ˾ԼﲻλζȻκ׷
һƬɫ£ҺȻŮһ
ֵֿȴŮڵһ㣬ббһתٶȶʱһ
㲽ڰлһԲȦ˾˳߲ţҲԼƬɫۣʱ޹
ⲽ
һ˲䣬վ۾Щ֡
ܸоֲʶ벻
ʱӦԼһյɫ۾¶Σյĺâ
ǶԳĴǣҲʼƺҪ
ڴʱŮ˫һμ
˫֣˰񣬵ǣһȴ·ȷ綼죬ӰӶ棬ۣȻͷ΢΢һΣһĸо
⣬ƺЩǻĵ
죬ȴͷɫȻɲǼͷһᣬԭڵĸоʱʧã
Ƭ̣ȻԽŮֱһԷȥһƬٺɫĴϡ
Ƭ̣ήֻɫٴֱӣȶ򣬳Զȥ
֮ϣǣȻֻɫУȴ·ôۣ֮ɫޡ
ԽԽߣԽԽߣʧʾͷ
ӰʧŮڳһ˲ͷ㺹
ֻôػ֣飬ȻЩƺ쳣ƣ
ֻǲᡰסһƺЩ⡣
ȴûпڡ
ȴŮһ㱡ɴ
ɴȻ벿ݣȴԾԼɼǾµա
֮ϣȴȻɼ֮ϣһʺİߵ㣬ͬһֻӡȥĺ
лʦȣʶմ
֪ʱ˵أܳѪϵģһŵӣ߶ӡ
ŵʶǾֻǶˡ
ҿԷϵĴţƺʥٷӣϢȻﵽѨ
ô𰸺֮ԷһĶ֮һֻǲ֪ʲô֣ԳƺʦҲǡ
ʫ˪
ŮĬһ£ȻչһЦ˵Ǽģˡ
ţŶ
ϸ˶ԷΣȻԺ֮һ˲һ
˵ӰԺвϽʱ㣬ضˣǴڼž棬Ҳǣ


247 ֢
ˣ
ŮһЦȴûκ˼ֻƺãˣȽ⣬Ҳһݾϲ
ʱҲȫ
ư֣֮ԼΪž棬վͷڣʥǿ󹥻һضŮǡ
һΣԷͷѩңԲԸ˿ĿûϳԷݡ
һ
ΣȻͬһɫɴɴȫסԷľա
ȻȴһصʣҪԶɽ꣬Ƴˮ
ʫ˪ĸ֣Ҳڼˡ
ĸ֣ܾЩ졣
϶ӵݣԺ֮Уһ
𣬵Լʱǰ̶ʯһУеĶӰϣ֡
ʫ˪ڶʮҲһΪ벽Ѩ
ڣȻѾͻƵѨΪǣѹʵǿͷֲɫҲַ֮£Īȥ
ƺͷɫ֮䣬Ҳʲôϵ
֮ϵǸɫһĴߵ㣬в²⣬ϾཻҲѯʣĵѹ
ʫ˪ȻǸмġ
ҪԼư֣ӵˣʹҲ䲻˺á
οȻٻ췣һʱʱԣǿٻֳͷԵʱԥ
ڴʱʫ˪ͻȻ֣ڣʥǣ裬Ȼˡ
ʱǾ²⣬ᣬӵа벽ѨΪֻͬʱŽеģǼλӣҲûˡ
ȻʱҲû˭Ǹܴͣڣʥ¾ˣһöԷ˸
Ҫ֪ǸʱڣʥȻڵһҲڶĴڣʵʮǿǶӣû
ǵʱʫ˪飬ڣʥֲ˺á
ֻǺһֱʹ沽˵ľϢŽĵף޿κΡ
ڣԼľˣȻһ֮顣
ҪٴŮ֣ظлڴʱȻɫһ䣬ϵϢ˥ɫɺתףɰת࣬תϣתס
һ˲䣬ʹѨڵ䵽벽ѨٴӰ벽ѨԪڣٴӻԪڵԪڡ
ڣ
ԱߵŮӦϵϢ仯ɫҲ͵һ䣬ĶͷЩȻ˽ҩ
شȴԼʱŲ˿ڣſڣҲ
ĵҩʱȥ֢ˡ
˲ϥ£Իһͳһ׵ĴƿһѴ򿪣һѪɫĵҩ̷ȥ
䣡
ҩڣΪһźɫѪɿݵѪ
Ȼˮнĵҩǳˮһȥڣͬ͵ըɫųεϼ
ÿµĺ֢һֹ̫ˣ
пЦͷѾγĵĵȻǿÿ£֢Ҳǳܳܡ
ٷһѪ
ٴſڣֽö״ƿ֮нʣһö쵤ҩ̷ȥ
Ƭ̣ϢһЩǣ½Խȡ
գһ˲࣬ɫ׽͸оһ˲գᣬȴ֮⡣
ƷѪ
Ů۾һ뵽ʲôѸٴӻҲͳһͬİɫСƿɫСƿɱĸߵˣðƳɣʵϸ壬⻪
οƿеĵҩҩ棬һͬ״ڲߡ
ҩһ֣һ㣬ƢԶ֮ǰ񣬻õöƷѪҪǿöࡣ
ǡѪǱȼƷѪҪ߳һƷ׵ĵҩҲֻʫ˪ĶӣпӵС
ҩ֮󣬺ԥһֽͣҩͬʱ˽ȥ
Ѫոڣ䣬֮ղƷѪҪǿʮٱѪͺȻը֫ٺ
ԭ˥Ϣȶһ
ԭϢѾ㣬ʱһһĲ㣬㣬գﵽΪֹ
Ůһת֪ΣȻת
Ҳѧһϥ£˫ư˫羮Ѩ֮ϣһɾĵ˲ע뵽ڡ
һ漴оЩﶯѪ֮ǰھٵĸоҲɢ
ɫڻָһ˿Ѫɫָƽ
ʱһһֹȥ߶ѸϵˣһؿˣȻ˶ûʲô취ҲֻԱ߸ɿš
һʱ֮šۡһ³һѪվʫ˪֣
лʦҩپһΣʦһΣ£֪θлպزҴǡ
ǡ
ŮǿЦһ£ȻʱɫҲޱȲ԰ףƺΪƹѪҲԼٵľ
վһҲ֪ʲôҩֵҩԺòҪҷȻǡҴѪڲ࣬´Σɾûôˡ
ңΪԽߣֵҩĺ֢ԽǿһͻѨֵҩΪĻ»˲Ϊˣ֪
Ů˵֣أ֪˵ʵһΣҲе¡
ԭΪĵȻǿҲܱסһټԼϴƷѪָܻ
ȴ룬ǵĵĹЧСĵĺ֢֮£ʫ˪ڲ࣬˿̺롣
лʦ֮仰ҼˣԺ򲻵ѣҾ׶öĵ
֣سŵڣҲףٸһλᣬⲶֻʹ췣֮öĵ
һΣԲ볢ԵڶΣ־ˣûԸ̷
֮Ը⻨ȫҹҲǱƵ˼ޣ嶼£Ȼûһˣɵȥ̷ֵҩ
ң˵Ȼǿ󣬷öˣҲ֢ԶֹѪô򵥡
պΪͣͣҲ޷ǰҲûпܡ
漰Ĵ£
ı֤Ůɫ΢һЩ֪ΣҲѡҲû˵ʲô
һ˵Ȼǿסһ˿ѪҪȫָʱԲܡ
ҪϢһϣһ£ǧȻ롣
Ҽסˡ
֪˵ʵңҲףһ£ƾʱ״̬ȷ޷ٵȥɱˡ
˵ɱޣɱͲ
ԣһ£ֻǱһ£Ҹȫ֮ӣȴȫָгˡ
֪뷨Ůԥһ£ǵ֪һطܰȫҴȥ
һ£ǾǺúϢɣǳɱ޲١
ţȥǡ
á
млŮڰ֣ʾձ
漴һˣŮĴ£ɽԽ֣Ѫӵһ࣬һ޴ٺ֮жȥ


248 һ
һʱң˱ʫ˪Ĵ£һЩֵĵط
طһƬïܵĴڵţԶĺƺԶԶڵ档
ʫ˪ǶǳϤ߹հ˹գת˲һٲ档
һݣȻֱӳٲ֮ȥһԥѡҲ֮ٲĳȥ
ۣۡ˶лˮ֣ȫ档
ʱŷٲ棬ȻһΪʯ
ʯУ⿴ˮ¡齦񣬴ͷ£ͬߣʮ׳ۡ
˴Ѩ֮кʫ˪㿪ڵһʱ䣬ǱȹɡûʲôʮֱҪòҪȥ
˵ͷҲ֪ôΪǺá
֮뵽ʲôʵʦ㣬Ϊʲô⵺ϣԵ޹ʣô´֮ĻЩʲô
ΪʲôЩޣһӴЩ˶ɣ
һֱһ⣬ԴӿЩһ˲䣬뷨ֻһֱҲ𰸡
ںòһϤȻԸѯʡ
ŶԭʵģƺҵǿԻش㡣
ʫ˪ԣ΢΢һЦڵʵʣһʱ䣬ֻҪû⵺ϳ綼֪ģΪϰˡ
⵺ϵһɣ⵺ϴһʱ䣬ûˣ󶼻֪¡
֮û֮ǰǣҲ֪²ȫš
⵺δ֪Σ̫ˣ˭Ҳ֪һ̻ᷢʲôԣҪѧжϣԼ̽顣
ƺ֮У̺һ޷أġ
ÿʱ֣֮еʣ̫ľɹ֮£γƺ
ƺһޣޣͬһʱñٱٱҼײ졣
ʱòҪţΪһͻһЩǿûǵޣʮײΣա
ԣ⵺ϴ˵ˣ֪ûбҪƺһ˲䣬þ͵һʯֱɢȥ̿ٳ
ЩشҶİ֮ġ
ĳһط޵ൽ޷ʱǺϢУ
ǱȻƺΪΣգΪصһһ㲻뵽£ԶûʲôΣգ֪ͺãù
⡭
ˣü
һǻǵ󡣵Ҿ˵ǾȻڵʱ򣬾͸Žأž档ڣոս뵽м
ȻҲòϣǵʵǣЩԱʵȴ̫һЩȻŻԪڡ
˵һѩԻԱ˵ľ
ѩԣصͷ
Ҳ֪Լ֧Сӵĺȣʱе
ƽʱһֱûᣬҲԼһ䵥ǿŸڶ֮С
ʱʫ˪˵˵ʱЩѹ
΢΢һЦļ磬οȴû˵ʲô
ͬĬѾҪ˵
״ʫ˪۾һĨ΢΢Ĳ죬Щ߿һۡ
Ķ飬Ⱥ֮ԶԱ
ӳ£ȴǰοӶ࣬˿ûб۵ĸоЩڲͬ
û˵£ֿڵڶҵ»£ˣܲǡ
ҵһʱݵ㣬ȻһñȽ٣ҲżһΡ
Ҫסǣ⴦ѨƽʱĸˮԼҲдͲҶ£ѿȡá
һºָȥҪҶ˵£պҲѰңѰҲϢҲǰѰǡ
š
˶ͷӦ֪ʫ˪֮ǰǵ
ֺʵˣʫ˪ʦ㣬ΪʲôղֻôʲôƷ֣ôûм
ԣҲȻ̧ͷ
Ȼʫ˪Ŀ˵ΪѿʵϣҲһ֪
⣬Ҳɹĵʫ˪
ԣʫ˪ԥһ£ƺڿҪҪش
ԥ֮󣬿һջǻش˵Ϊѿǿû˵
ܽɵ״̬ڤѪȴһ׹
ڤѪ
ԣʱ붼۾Ŵ͡ЩԾЩš
ڤѪ޵֮һ֮ݴһѨʵڣпͻƷ
һֺʮǿ¡
֮ڣɻ׷ΪҲ֮ǰǴ۶еĻʯ
ֻӵл׷ĵطпӵǵĴڣҴʮϡ٣ǳ
ѿڤѪ壿
һ£˻ȻףΪʲôͷѾͻƵѨڵĲȻηˡ
ԭڣѪѹ
ѿĹ£Ȼֲһ˲Ҳ˵˵Ŀ£һȫ̬ܣԤ
һųϣҪԶԶΪ֮ܿĴڡ
ͷΪʲôʦļ֮£ֻѿأѵ˵ʦηİ취𣿡
ԣգգ۾ֲٴκʵ
һΣĵڶ⣬ʫ˪á
ãһЦ˵˵ˣֻѿߣһЩϢطȥ˶ѡ
˵һ٣ŵʵ˵ȥǿе죬ѿ׼룬ǰҾⶴѨ֮зˡ
ǿ֪ܲһǣҵļ壬ټ壬һԦΪļ塣
ǼҴӵ幵ͨǵޡ
ҷֻѿ׼룬ϳڤѪ֮ҵĵһ뷨ǻ׼ռһЩշ
ԣҲûеһʱ佫ȥƵǿ׷֮ϣңĵڣ뿪
ҳȥΪѰһЩҽշΪҵ
ڵڤѪȻûܣڣǸһѿȴġ
ȻҪðһգһɹҾһֻѨĳгɳڵһҲ˵һ
ԣĵϲʿ֪
ϧǣʱ䣬֪ΪΣֻڤѪȴǰҵļƻɾ޴ѣ۵ǡ
ңվˣȻǣٻǱסǵ
ҵȻܶݵĻ˼άطȥȴҲάֲ˶á
ңֻǳʶǿ׵ıߣȻˣֻ½һ⣬ȫǾҵˡ

Ŵԣʱ˲֪ԭֻѿô
ǸպʦڣȻ롣
ǻһʹͬΪѨΪҲֲ˺á
˸ףֻڤѪ֮ǰܴĿܣΪǵľսӰ쵽ڤѪ׼룬ɵģиǲһǿҵΡ

ʫ˪ˣǽ˵ɻ֮ߵġ
ȻǧлҪҰ취һ£ԣû⡣
˶Ѩ֮󣬱׼һ򣬳ŶϱȥˣȻҲҪ
ˣ򶼰ʹձٲԸʱҲ֪Ѫӵ֮ǰ֮ǰ޻ԭɱȣΣ̣òð
ڶѨһϢָԼѪʵһ߼۳
ͬʱҲԼĸиһεͿ
벶֮սȻսʤˣǣҲԼ㡣
ձˣΪûҲٵˣڸɱһЩͽޣ񫡣
ͬʱҲ´һ񣬳Լһ£ҲҪúһԼѧͬʱŬ֮ǰ΢ЩٵΪ
һºָ֮ʱһͻơ
㾳粻ʵսҲҪǰһ󲽡
мͬԭĳ֮ǰƺӲˡ
ĻձҲ֪ǵ֮ģҲͶͷǡ
ѩΪ⼸սУܴ죬ûܰæЩΣǷŬڶѨ֮ĥԼĵ
תۣһʱȥˡ
ĺڰԴԼɽѩ߽׵˳Ľԭ١
ѩһµĿޣҲͻƵ˻Ԫڡ
ˮǧҲ˵ڶС磬ʵΣصѪϣٺԱ֮
ֵóƵֵһǣձһʱĵޣͻ˰벽Ѩ
һСӣʱ벽ѨټϻԪڵѩ֧Сӵĳɷݣڲôۣˡ
ϧǣһУʫ˪ûлüҪ뿪ˣЩʧҲ
Щӣ⵺ϴ˲֪ã϶ֹһ㣬֪Ҳ
Ҳڳ׻ָöĵ֮ǰΪƺһ£øһ֡
Ҳףδң´ξûֻˡ
ʫ˪ǡڲָ࣬ѪļƷҩѪ
ʹʱƷѪҲҪڶѨдϽĸ£пȫָ
һ죬һ֮ѵڶѨ֮УԼƣ֮ǰ֮ǰӵɫ񣬷
мͶɫûлɫˡ
Ϊ඼ѨޣѨڣޡ
Ԫޣڻң׵Ĵڣɱǣûκμֵ
ɫȻҲ֣ߵģɫ񣬲Ҳʮϡپˡ
ʱûнȡɫ
һ죬Ѿʱ֣ʫ˪Ҫء
һ磬ǰɱǵˡ
Ѿ̫ʱ䣬ʵڲټȥˡ
ͳһļʱһڣҪ߼Ҫȡһɫ񣬶Сɹͻʮ
ʮɹʱ룬ɫܽӴǽӵɫȴʵѾٵˡ
֮ǰΪúڤѪԭ򣬵ˣϢһ£Ѿ̫ˡ
ڣʥˣһ£Ѿ֪ʲôˡ


249 ǵɹ
˽ӵһɫһǣɱһͷѨޣߣ
һһɫ񣬻ɱһͷѨޣʨ
˵һ񣬲ûжѣֻ֡
޻ԭڣ˾ͺٽɫһˣɫǣǡ
֮ԽҪΪ˳ѪӵԴϤһ¡
ڶ񣬾ûôˡ
ɫǣ˴ûнȡĳԿ϶Ҫͨһ¾Գɹ
ڣСУֹԼһ벽ѨձҲͻ˰벽Ѩһ͵λ벽ѨһԪڡ
ֻҪúıʹѨޣҲвСϣɹ
񲶾ı̬ڣϾǲġ
ȻֻһͷѨޣʵʵ˵ѾҪԶȴѨ޶Ҫǿ󣬸Ҫ˵Ǳ֮ˡ
ʱĲһЩѨڴڡ

ڶգڶڵһҹʫ˪վûл
֪ʱڣ²ٻѨֻʧȥˡ

ѪӵһȽϵͰɽ
ɽ
ɽ֮ϣһ޴Ļɽڣż꣬緢һ£ܵĵ棬һĻɽҡ
ԲϾʹЩľżҲܲסһʱͱݻһΣԽʧ鵮
⡣
˽ӵһ񣬳ߣϲסɽڣȡܣ׳
ˣһһҹɽһͷĶѨУ˳ߵӰһսڽɱ
³ϴƷĳƤֽ֮ϱȽ߽ѪȾȡ£뿪

ѪӵвһƬïܵɭ֣Ҫɱĵڶͷޣʨ;ס
ʨͨоŸʨͷ޴֮ضľۣɽֱ٣ʮֺҡ
˳µĴۼ˲Ѵ֮ҵĲڣ־һҵɱһΣʵˣڱԼȫʵ֮ڽնɱ
ɫɡ
ԭһ죬˻ص¥񣬶ֽȡɫǵפضȥ
һνѪӵһΣ˾·ˣоࡣ
֮ǰΪʫ˪ѣҲʼʶģڵѰԼľݵ㡣
ûƺʱ޴ȥҲΪ˱һսˣûаȫط
ԣһΣǵĵһ񣬾Ѱһʫ˪ȫľݵ㡣
һҪٲ棬ҪҲ߼ʹҵҲ
񣬷ǴҪˡ
֮һƫƧ֮أҵһĵط
һխɽУɽһĶѨϲ죬ϲŵأϸѰң
ӵ֮߷ޣֶѡ
ԣ˰沼һ£ʰһ֮󣬾ȨԼѪӵϵĵһݵ㡣
洢˴ʳˮְƽʱɱһЩôҪޣ߷ޣ棬Ա֮󣬻ȥʱһȥôҲɹ
ÿһֻ࣬ʱȥҲһС֡
ʱһһȥգۣѹȥ¡
սУϵĥԼǿԼȻΪûڵʹãȣȴֱ
˵ʵҲԽ׳ټദˣĬԽԽߣѾһ֧Сӵˡ
ĬΣܰѺ󱳽Էʱһ񣬾֪Է˼ٶҲԽԽ졣
ʱ䣬ջɹһСӣѾһĵˡ
ȻջҲΣա
֮УˣһĴαȽϴΣգʮαȽСΣգΣԵ
Һãټżһ£ˡ
ԼԽԽˣǰפǰô޷һһ
벽Ѩޡ
벽ѨУҲиߵ͡
벽ѨˣͰ벽Ѩ۷ˣǲͬġ
벽ѨˣܴԪУȡ뵤ΪԼĵ
Ȼʮϡ٣ܻܸо
ǣ벽Ѩ۷ˣͬˣʱڵˣڵȫϣѪУѹһһˡ
ˣƿ취ͻѨԺҲ˿һֱ硣
ϵʱ̫ãȥѪ˥ܣ󲻽ˡ
޵鷨˭Ҳ㲻
ԣѾʼ濼ǣǲȡһЩɹȵͻʮ֮ȻݻԼձˣһһαżˡ
ڣСӵɹѾͻ˶ʮ򣬴ﵽ˶ʮ֮ࡣ
࣬ӽԭ޻ԭ֮ϵջ
ʣµʮңʱ䣬Ѫϵջ
ƽһǾңӽʮ
Ҫ֪޻ԭϣˣһµջ񣬾ңѪϾм
߽޵̫ˣֵǮĿҲ
ˣרֵǮɱҽȡֶɫϵ񣬲ɻõˮǴߣЩϵȥһõɹҲ޻ԭʱڿɱȣҪһ
һһ£ջʮɹҲʲôˡ
Ѫӵ̫Σգ˲ҷСջɹֻ»ࡣ
ֻһˣȻѾ㹻żһΣζ´ˡ
ϧǣⲻһ˵ջ񣬶Сĸһġ
ܰ£ֻԼһ˵ĺô
ϾһŶӣŶӣҪŶӵ档
ȻձãΨհ䲻һҲûʲôĴΣʮΰ˴ΣŶŽᣬҲҪֱ
϶Ըľ棬ԣͬﵽ˰벽ѨձˣҪôһȥҪôͬȥ
ˣҪҲǻóʮϵɹ
ңɹȥǾ´󼪣ҪһЩ׼ܴͻѨĶҪһһȥħħ۵Ҳһ
ˣձûУΪʮɹװ˷ѣһħɵһҪΪͶʵġ
ԣһҪɹ͸ˡ
ѩаһЩƷҲ빺
ϾȻʵ΢ʱȥټҶİæҲɳѾҪͻƻԪڵƿˣܰϵæԽԽࡣ
һ˰״򹤡
ںҲ⡣
ˣܰͻƻԪڣͬҪͻƵѨ磬ҲΪ׼
һҪɹٴδ
ټϣҪһһЩĵر书ţපצʽ߽׻ü֮һ
ʮɹ٣ʵֻǱˮнԶԶϼ衣
һ죬ʵѾһڣ¥ڣսӳɼʱˡ
Ȼûе߽ʸ񣬲˵ɹ񶼲㣬ܣʱҲȥ
ûдﵽҪ󣬵ǣ˻ǾȻפһˡ
ֹΪ˿СջԼɾΣԼҲҪúûȥϢһ¡
Ѫӵ֮ɱԵ
ձ˻ãϾӣͣ־ǿ󣬵ѩŮӣȴЩԲˡ
˱ҪһɵḶ́һΣһܺõĻᡣ
ȹ£һڣԤܹչʮɹ붴ħ۵һżһеʱˡ
ҲҪΪԼͻѨһЩ׼
ֻǹħ۵Щҩټӵнżʸ񣬾㹻


250 仯
˻صפء
ڶգ¥
һΣ˳ڣʥӦѩ֮⣬ӵӰ
µڣӽٷֿȻɻΪǣһε۹ᣬڣǣȴһ
ϾԭеЩڵӣЩѾͻѨΪ壻ԭеЩӣЩȴδܳɹͻƣܼҪΪڵӡ
˫ʵ·𣬻оʵڲ÷ֵô
˵£ˣʫ˪ʵ⼸ӣԶԶһۣսĳ棬ȥ鷳Զû档
ǣʫ˪һˣ֪ΪֹЩǵʵԶ󼰵ġ
УѾ֪Щǵʵֲ֮
ǰǳԭһ֮⣬ˡ
˷ֱǣӵڶӵ봨ӵģɪӵ壬ģӵƺ
ˣʵԶһأѾ˸߼еķ봨ˣĿǰѪǰսУһ궼زһפء
棬Եڶʮټ̶Ӧѩ飬ڣʥ裬񾩣ƷɵˣмĿǰʱûн߼ʸ
ɹЩУ󲿷˵СӣѾӵ˳ʮɹ
ǶһҪҪɹһɫϵ񣬶еΪѡ
ɫҪѨڣ۷ڸ֣һɣңˣһʡ
㶥Ӵ಻ǳˣԽսҲҪѨڣڵĵӣһ𣬲пܡ
򣬸ûϣ
ǣǣܹôЩһ֮ʱȣʱ֮䣬ҲĦ϶
ЩӣƽʱѴ룬ԣ˶ͷˣˣû߽ʱ
һǿܽ룬Ҳ˳ԭСӣٽһµСӡ
СӣǾԲѨµĵӴڵġ
ԣҲţǵĶԱ޷ǰ߼
Ҳԥĵط
ˣһֱʹЩʵӵᣬЩǣҲԺʮˣлᣬȴһֱûд롣
ӣԭһжʮˣȥļˣضͻѨģһСˣûнѨ
ټǰѾ뿪мѨϵĵӣʵҲʮҶѡ
⣬мѾʮϡٵˡ
ˣʹԭʫ˪ԭֻһһͻѨȴٽǰʮ塣
ڣʥӦѩ飬̶ˣҲˡ
裬񾩣ƷɵˣΪʵԵͣѷһҪںһЩˡ
Ҳǰʮ
ѨͰ벽ѨվȻͬء
ʹЩǣѹƨɵ£һͽȻͬ
ûʲô飬һɲġ

˶ǣ²ڣʥ裬Ӧѩ˵ʵһٵ
ڣʥѾͻѨںΣ裬񾩣Ʒɵˣ򶼽뵽ѨжΡ
Ӧѩ飬Ϊ죬ȻѾѨ۷壬ѨڣҲһ֮ң
Ҫ֪ﵽѨļޣÿһСǳѡ
Ҫü꣬ʮ֣꣬¾һСؾģʵָϡٺ
⣬˵ҲΨһһûгսӣȴԼһ֮мġ
֧С֮Уȴͬɹм󣬱ضܽɹǰʮҪ񵥽һսӣ֮¡
Ҳں

ʵ֮⣬ҪҲעһǣڣʥսӣһСܾĶӳԱ
һµ꣬˵һڱ춥Ӱϣǰ˵Ĵڣºš֡
ʱСܾ꣬վڣʥսӵȺУŵĺʮֿ£ӶԶһء
ʵҲǿš
Ѩڣ
У֮ûмڣʥǣΪ˵ܾڣʥǣǰɱΪ߽׵ޣջ񲻷ơ
ڣʥսӵɹȻͻʮ
һ˾֣оҪڣʥܾռݡ
Ҳѹֵ顣
ʵǿûǣСӸ޷ԣռݴ룬µʹ飬Ҳ˵
֪Ϣ֮һ䣬֪ΪʲôڣʥѰĻˣԭһǿĸּ룬ѹԼ˷óʲô
ܾ֡
ܸоԷڿԼģƺһ˿˵ĳЦ
ҲԣڶԷУһڵӣʹǰ벽ѨǣֻҪûͻѨһĴڡ
οʹͻѨһͨѨҲܷС
ӵڰˣǱ֮ʫ˪Ϊǿй֮޲Ĵڣ佾ıǮ
ǲ֪ƾڣʥһոռ붥ûõĴڣ˵ġ
Ҫ֪ҪһɢĶӸּ룬ɲô׵飬û㹻ջ󣬾붼Ҫ롣
ֱͬʱҲŷ֣Լڴ֮ǰһҪ顣
мԭĳǽȻͬġ
ԼСӣ˶ѣν
ǣЩСӣһмȴȻ˴ıʣ˼룬ɢ飬ֱ
ѭȥȻֹڣʥսӣսӣСӣСӵȣ˺ܴı仯
Щףˡ
Щףȴˡ
СӣСվһƺһǿСӡ
в΢΢һ̾ԼȻشϢһҲľ
мԭеС㲻ҪЩˣԶ˳뵽ǿСӡ
Ʃ磬ڼɵСУ˼ڵӵĴڡ
ǣЩСӣ۽缫ߣ˶ܼģһǽɢ顣
СӣСӣˣСӣȻѨڣмһѨѾˡ
ڣʥսӣСӣӵϵѨһܸõΧɱޣ
Сûа취ѨӼ룬ҲֻܺԭСӣСˡ
Сӣ󣬱ϾѪѡ
˵֧СӣѾҪ׼ͬһСˣѾڰ졣
µսӣȡޣԭ֧Сӵ֣ȡһ֡Сȡǰһ֣Сȡڶ֣ԷΡ
飬ˣҲֻݿһۣʱ޹ء
ǲİԱ룬СӣҲܿǡ
ǸģΪԼȻܺһı仯еЩ¶ѡ
Ͼ޵ߣһζޣȻ޴
ǣȫ߷ʲô£ʱͬ


251 ֺ
ྲ
һ̵֮ϣȨ棬ͬ⼸λϣһ˳
ϵĿɨһȦȨ۾¶һ˿֮ɫ
һڵӣӣҪǰǿ̫ˣѨļʣҲǳĸߣռ˶֮һ
ǲֵܳ顣
һΪսԭ򣻶ҲΪб£츳ȷʵϼɫ
뵽Ǹ죬һʱĶһӣЩɺ
Щˣٶ࣬ʸٸߣҲȲһˡ
ֻҪûٳԽǸ˵Ĵ˵һ죬ٶԪٶѨҲûá
ʹ仰й֮Ȩ˾뿪ˡ
û˽߼Ҳûʲô¡
Ǿ£ڵӶУм֧Сӣɹ˽мȨޡ
ֻǣأǼ֧СӣҪһĶˡ
ⲻ˵¡
ȨߺˣҲ֮뿪ˡ
ˣ¥֮󣬶ֱԼʯңˣһ֮ȴûصʯݣһתȥ˺Ľ׵
һУѩƼ̽һֻѩʨٵˣҪ¸һѺһЩı
ϾҲһԪ۷ĵӣͻƻԪڣһƷЩʱˡ
⣬оපצһʽҲЩˡ
Ϻ漸ʽŰƷצܸõķӳ
ǵǣΪȻѾ޷ҲൽƿĵزôѰһµֶΡ
Ȼ޷֤ԼСӣһֱ˿ٵɱջٶȡ
£
ˣȻɹѳපצĵڶʽ̻䣬Լħ˵
ںĵģʽӺ
Դˣ˶ûʲô顣
Ƭ֮˳ѩбһˮɫݵγϲɫ
ΪѡһҲһۿУϲһˮһαҪ۰ǧɹ
׵ɹıʮһɹ׵㣬Ҳǰң֮ķὣء
ڣҲѰǧɹˣɱͷ޾ܻá
Ҫǣˮպˮԣøѩĵˮǧƥ䣬ȡһһڶЧ
֮⣬ټ϶һපצмʽĻѣԼһЩҩƷĻѣ֧Сӣһɹͻȥˡ
ֻʣʮҵɹ
ǣǲиջ
Щɹڿƻۣʱȥضܳɱİ׬

صʯ֮ҲûȥУոյֵපצڶʽ
˵පצһʽ޼䳤飬Ǽ޵Ĺôڶʽ̻䣬ǸУԻ󣬱ԼӻٶȵЧ
ڵʽ򵥣һʽһʽ
ħȿɹУѹһڰ׵ԲζƣΪֵһЩǺĹ
ԣһʽǰУΪǿ󣬸Ϊʵá
̻Լħ֮󣬻ʱ䣬⣬ٻʱ䣬ȥڣԺУȫѧᡣ
ʯ֮Уʩչ
飡
·һ̻ըرɫĻ䣬ԻãµζУþ
һϣȻ˱˪
׼ֻ飬ûȫһб˪ɢ֪١
Ȼʵս֮Уϣ϶Чˡ
ʽħ
ǽڣһȭ
䣡
Уͬγڰ׶ڰ׶ȭͷǰһССĺڰ̫һ֮󣬾ͺ˶ǽ֮ϡ
Ϊ˷ֹ޹פأѡõĶΪϵȵʯ
ʯͷˮˣǹ룬һͨЩѨǿߣþȫҲһȭ򴩡
ʱһȭڰ׶ɫ̫ͼסʯݶʯϣʱ¡һƳһͷĿ׶
ʯɽ͸һ
;סҵձѩˣ˹ⷬһȵôסˡ
漴Ϊʽĺ󣬸һãĿɿڴ
ڴ˾ˣҲʯķж̣ɴ˸ɼһȭĿ¡
ҲǲһʵĽѡ
ȻͬΪ벽ѨձףǴʱԶĶ֡
ʵʵʮ֮һʮ֮һ

֪Ѿɹපצʽ֮󣬸պձˣҲѾϢϡ
漴һٴθϵ¥ȡɫһɫ֮뵺ȥ

ѪӵϲһçĴ֮УˣΧһͷ˵ķ
ͷȫɫΨһβͣͬߣʺɫͷмС׻Ƶİߵ㡣
˵ĵһޡ
һڷϣϣ·һβͣȻ죬ͬһ˳ѩ
ҪǱˣƾѩʱʵԱɣǣô鷢
ȻΪѩʵǣѾʼμԣİȫȫģʱһݾϡ
ԣ̶ǿһ֮μݣ˶ȻһͳͷĲ棬˫һһȻһ
һ޴ޱȵĺڰ̫ͼ֮ɳĺͷξ޴ķϡ
顱һ﷢һ󲻸ʵĺУȥ
һβޣҲ֮λ鵽˼þ֮ϡ
飬飬顭
̳ɾһſžնϣѩҲô˻ᣬ˵һԣɷףԾδ
Ȼûϵ󣬹ľȻͷΧκԣһħ
һæŤͷͶȥһмȴһƮѾͷķϿգһ޼䳤飬һɫצֱӶ˷ʺ
ۡһ¶֮ɫɫŤ£ڳ׶ȥ
Ү
״ձҲӸղǾһлعһɫɣ̲סϲһЦ
߹ȥӻͳһСͷʣǼȡΪƷ
󣬾˵һԣձ
ձ죬ܿͰѷֵǮƷһգԭһϢ漴ͳŵڶޣһͷɽԳڵĵطȥ
֮
ɵڶɫ񣬴ʱս֮ѵһ񣬵һɫ
ҪǣѪӵΣյĵشֺɱޣʳʬ
ʳʬѨޣѨ棬Զǿһڡ
˵ϲʳʬߣϲʳߣҪҧ죬Żʳá
ֶصƧãʳʬޣаڵУһħ̬Ĵڣ¡
Ѩϵĵӣ˸ޣΪ̫ײˡ
һɱˣ״ޱȣ󻹻γʳȫԵȥ
ޣѪӵϣһ֣֮


252 죬ܳ
ѪӵһƬڸ֮һľ޴ɫֺش
ľʮɸߣ㰫СһЩģҲʮɣ൱ڶʮ¥
ĸ߶ȣ䲻֦Ҷܣߵ
УԵС̧ͷţҪηһ˿ġ
ֺѪӵΣ֮أһЩḻĶӣҲ룬ܶˣ֮أʾͨ˿Խĵط
СУÿһ˼ж޶ȣ˫ֽеͨ쳹壬һ˲ҷɡ
ǶӳӵָȨһһϵСӵ棬һǻȫûġ
пǻûȼʳʬƬֺ֮С
ǰУȵϤĻ֮˲ڿ壬ܵĵ棬һƬʪ̦޺ࡣ
һЩصĲ࣬͵ģʾڲͬɭɡ
Ȼһ˼иӦһƬ͸ǰ״һ֮һСڲϴܶ
ţ
ͨ쳹ӳȥľ˼֮УܶһƬϢΨƬ죬Եڲͬʶ졣
ߣǹȥҪСġ
ģǻ֮ȻסƫλãֻڷԲɷΧƮƻ
ŷģձټˣһ볯ȥ
һ·СȻƬ֮֮ǰʮ֮ʱһƣͣ£Լĳ俿
֮ͣסӳһʯӣͶʯ·ȴ֮ûκζģһݣ
οϸ̦ܵ޺ҶռһĨʺ죬ĿƺһȼյĻ棬߿գֱ
ϸȥŷ֣ⲻǻ棬һЩصݣݸһɫ֮ϣͬһϣʺĿ
Ʒ͵ݣ죿
һ£漴ЩĿɿڴ֮Ǳ޴ľϲͷԡ
Ʒ͵ݣǺ;һĲҩԿļֵ
սȻǸ߽׵أһȻܷһƷ׵ݣҲףûѵ͡
ҩ֮ԣһ㶼жػң֪ͬð֮գƬѪӵĽ֮Ҳҵһ߽ݡ
ֺƶӣĵط棬кܶĵرõıһЩޡ
ҲޣʵǿʳʬѨУǿĴڡ
ûȥժ죬ĿСز쿴ܵĶ
Ƭ֮󣬺Ȼһֻ̲ͬɫİƴС룬ӵǼҧĲ
һɭ֮֮
Ѩޣܳ롣
Ȼػ޴ڣ
ЦĿͷ֮ܳϣȻ֮Уһűޣһݣ·ӡ
ϸϸһЩݣʮԣ˸⡣
ϣǲһƬĹ⣬Ρ
ܳ룬޵УһʣСɱ֡ȻʵûǿȻʤ
ȴвٰڵĵӣĵڷá
̹һ͵˽ǰܳżľ״ݣƺѾҪҧĲ¶˷֮ɫ
þûЩˣ뵽֮ЩʵѪҺ࣬ͬһ㣬ǶгɵԴģ˷
㣬ԶЩɱȡ
ڴʱͼǰ࣬Ȼһ
̶һµΣ˲䣬˲࣬۾У¶Ĺâ
̲ͣȻҲᲩôɱֵĳƺţֻ֮ϣ࣬ȻһϸСɫСᣬ΢΢һͷɶ
ٴһ̶ֳһ˵ǼУ룬ЩɻС࣬Ϊλֶùѡ
ǣ۾УȴЦ
һȻ޵ķʸ⡣
ܳþһ˲䣬ˡ
һŷ׳γͳС
ϹէкὣѾ֣ЮطӭͽͷɹܳһС
飡
ὣεȷϾαͷܳһͷóޣͺá
ϧƫƫǿٶȣ͵Ϯһޣļ׿ǣӲ
ֻһᡰꡱܳƬ˸۹̼ףֱӱƿ¶ζİɫҺ塣
󡣡
ܳ۾¶˼֮ɫ죬һڣԱȥҪܿµࡣ
ڴʱٿ죬ڶѵ
·ӭ񣬿УһĴХ죬һ̣ϹܳǱƿһѷӣʱһΪΪ룬ˤ
ò
ʱ΢ЦŸߵ֮£һΣһݣժЯһ֮С
죬ȻʲôϡĵرƷƷףļֵûȥûԼֵƵɹ
ʱձѩˣڸϣ뻳еУϬһЦûжʡ
飬⼸գżˡ
Ϊͨ쳹ڣܱǸ췢ΣգȻҲܸ췢ֻ
һʱ䣬ɱ޵ĹУżܸʮɣ֮ԶһЩеͽݣȻժ
õϵģţϵģͶһȥҲ˲ɹ
Σһ˷֣ʱҲٲһݣȻһݿ϶Ƚ٣ǣҲˡ
ûٹܵͷܳʬ壬ϾȻҲһͷѨޣϧʵûκһֵȡĲϡ
ΨһõģֻϵһѪҺȥҩʦƶ
ϧգֵҲߣϱֱһ룬ѪҺҲʧòˣҲɹҲͲˡ
ǰߡ
תֹۣȥʱ䡣
֮УҲЩʲôΣգһһǿ˷ùȥ
ǽ뵽ֺģϢһϢҲԽԽŨȴʼûзͷʳʬӰ
Уֱ겻ҩݣȻûٵƷ͵ôߣҲǶƷϵҩҲ
ֱһ졣
ţȻɫһ֣ʾͣ£Ťͷձ˵
ûоã⼸գЩƽʹϼͷޣƺҲû̫ǿģ֮֮
ţ
һ˵ʼ˻ûãȴ˲䷴Ӧ˹
ǰǾֺѪͷΣյشȻʵҲôͨС
ǶôףǰЩӣΪΪη绢ǵʵһ㲻ǵġ
쳣״
ͻȻһָǰһͰɽ壬ƫͷ磬쿴


253 ټʫ˪
˳ָķǰͰɽ֮ϣ˼޴Ľӡ
Щӡ״ʲôزվУֻռһֺλã֪ɽ֮ϣ˹ӡޣʲôڡ
˻
״ձѩãԵһɫЩס
ƺǣԶ޾һ壬µĽӡ֪ǲǻ
΢ĵǣЩӡԴǧˣ֪ʲôʱӡɽϣһֱ򱱶ȥ
ӡЩطѷʯȻеġ
Ȼʹٵ죬ʳʬжҪҲԻȥɡ
ҪչزҲûˣһУʲôֵ
Զ޾һ壬Ҳֻ˵һǳǿ壬ʱоС
ȵɳǸǶأһֻƿԴƽɽ壬һֻӡԲȶϺһɽΪ֮𵴣һۣҹ硣
˵޾ˣзʵ޾֮ڣâڵΪ
Ϲ֮û䣬ش䣬Щ޾ˣƺҲ֮伣ͬ壬Ҳ֪٣ƺǱޡ
Ҳû˵ˡ
߰ɣ
һԥһ˲ǿ
š
ԣҲ˵ͷ漴ûԥĸȥ
˵Ȼ޾ӡЩ棬𺶣ɣҲ֪޾˻⵺ϣǧͱڸ߲㷢ˣֵǡ
ԣӦֻһżߣ޾µһЩӡѡ
˾޴ӡŲûб˷ֹһ֣ڸ߲϶Ҫ𶯣Ĵڣɲ֮ƥеġ
ûоϸµ飬ȷ⵺û޾˴ڣڸ߲µӣڴ˵ԶԶģ֮ˡ
ԣȻˣȴûз棬ǾͱǸûв̽޾˵ټ
һҲͷˣֻҪ޾ˣģǶϣҲͲôںˡ
οҲţЩ޾ˣ浽ʱԣҲ赣ġ
ӡǰߣʡһƺЩӡͨ򾣼ֺ˵еʳʬҲǾס
ǣţֲַˡ
ܹļž·ޣһҹ֮䣬ͻȻʧӰ٣ȫ֪ȥ˺δ
ԭأֻ޵ëз㣬״ͬһʱ䲻ġ
ã⾣ֺ֮У׷ʲô飬Ϊʲô쳣ıʣ
Щޣȥˣûӣִϱţ
һۣһΣԥһӣǰС
Ѿһֲԣسɱʳʬ񣬷Ҫˡ
ĿǰԾֵֺܳ쳣ģв棬㲻ɱʳʬܲ⾣ֺе׷˺£ϱţҲǴһ
ҪǣƽʱѪӵأû˸룬ɻݱأԲժ
ڣȴƺ˿صҩ԰ֻҪܷ֣ܽУѴֺ֮γһȡɹʱ
ԣˣǰУһ·֮ϣƾͨ쳹壬ٴη˴ĶƷҩżֵʮɹϣһͷʳʬҪֵǮˡ
⻹֮ǰΧֵĺ죬ԼƷҩļֵ
ˣҲ˷׬ȡɹٶȣҲδزȡɱ޵ٶȡ
Ҳûзɾ裬󣬵˭֪գǲǻҪ
ֺ֮УȻ˴˵ȱʣһвǲ֪Σմڣ̫⣬Ҳ֮ǰһջ񣬾ȫɰ׷ѹˡ
пܴҲ˵һ
ǰߣ˴ʱ䣬Ȼͣס˽Ųǰһһ޼ʣɫ
֮ϣƯ޵ɫ̣һϸСķڲϴ
Ȼһƽ羵ȴ㲨Ʋˣƺ
̶ϣˣȻЩʧ޵ӰʱһɫڵأƽЩ쳣ĺˮ
ɳ
һƬҶԶߣλƵ£Ʈ棬ȻոսӴˮһ˲䣬ͬʲôµļѹ˲䡰ۡһըΪһŻɢ丵β档
⣿
ˣһ֮Ǵɵľ룬Ǹоȫһ۾Щס
ʲôǺ棬ʲôΪʲôЩޣڴ˴ƺڳʲô
ҡ
ˣϸȥȻںЩݵȺУһֻֻʮǿӰ
ǴеĿ꣬һͷͷ˸һֵĳ޻ȻҲС
Ѩޣʳʬ
֮⣬ˣ̳һţһСɽСɫľ
һֻ˫ᣬɫһֻ๳ɫɫ޺ף
һͷţɫƬޣ
ԼһֻɫϲֵİƣϢ˿ʳʬ֮µľ޴ޡ
ȵȵȵȣһ㣡
ȼޣʮͷϣƽʱݣһ֮
ʱȫԶԶңǰĺ棬ʹͷƺڵȴʲôڿʲô
ɫ޺֮ϣճصϢһЩ޻СĺϢ֮⣬κ
紵ƺﶼˮˡ
ϸ˰֮һУҪһȥ
ףһֻѨڵʳʬҲǻһ֮
ʱʮͷͬ̾ڴˣټϻиСС֮ޣˣͬϣ
£Ҫôô˻ᣬЩ޹ȫۼڴ˺ϣȥطٵӶһЩݡ
ҪôʹȥԸԸһЩͷ
ߣ˻ȥȴ⾣ָֺԭΣǱĻɱͷ䵥ʳʬ
ھЩ޵ǧһ˿Ŀʤ
£뿪Ψһѡ
ƣձѩˣ֪ĿҲͬף²Ϊһ𣬾Ҫȥصֺ֮⡣
ڴʱȻɫһ䣬ػعͷȴȻ֣֪ʱ󣬺ȻѾһŮӰ
ʱŮ΢΢һЦȻ֣ߣһꡱƣȻһ±
ţ
ˣˣǾϲӣ׶ԷΪʲôΪ
ƣܶףضʲô飬Ҫ
ԣԥһ֮ˣǺɵģ
漴ŮĴ£һ󼱱ԾԶɫķԽԽƫƧ
գһɽ£һεĶ¡
Ů£΢΢һЦ֡
֣Ȼ߳꣬һŮǶʮҡ
һϢɲ⣬ȻҲѨӡ
һһ£ݴֺһ˫۾ȴЩͬһ꣬Ŀ
䣬ȻҲһѣһ߳Ķ̵죬ͬɺƳɣһֹӵС
ǣȴϸиоʹʣһҵĵƣӳüۡ


254 ʳʬֺ֮䣨ϣ
ǣ
Щɵʵ
ʵʱѾ³Щ˭ֻЩţͬʱЩ̫ףΪʲôʫ˪ὫǴЩˡ
û֮ǰŮ֮ǰľˣʥٷΪĶ֮һǧʫ˪
һε۹ϣʫ˪ûг֣֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬻ʲôء
۹ᣬڵӲԣȴȨֻҪ֣ͿԲ֡
ΪҲûܽ߼ܽ߼͸ûԼȱϯ
ԣȱȱϯǺ£񡰾ܾ֡ǰеĶӣȴ۹ϣֵ顣
ոռڣʥСӣȥһˣ¶һˣҲ
һ¡
ʫ˪΢΢һЦعͷָλŮ
λ꣬εһӣ൶ѺѣѨ۷Ϊ
λ
ָλŮ浤嶥ӣ޻ڡѩ÷嶥ӣһ⡯ǧѨΪ
Ѻѣѩ÷ǧ
֣˲һĿ֮Ҳ֣
ӶʮϺ̶Ӧѩ飬ڣʥ裬񾩣Ʒɵˣһʮˡ
ʮˣҲָ¡
һĶӣףѾĴ˵һ档
ڶֱλӣҲȥ˸߼ѪǰߣܳѪϡ
ԣܳģֻߡʮλĶӣһʮˡ
ʮ棬ʣԶǰʮеĴڣΪǿ
½롰ڣʥսӡġܾ֮֡һڰˣѪϵĵڶˡ
⡰൶ѺѣȻ΢ѷɫڡܾ֡Ҳ˶١
ܶ˵ս൶Ѻѣδػܾ
ΪܾһλζӵھţѨ۷Ĵڣ
ͬʮ󶥷֮һ⵺ϣ൶Ѻǰĵ֮һ
޻ڡѩ÷һ⡱ǧȻȲϡ൶ѺѣҲڶʮڵĴڡ
У޻ڡѩ÷Ѩڸ߶Σһ⡱ǧѨжΡ
ټͬΪѨжεġǧʫ˪
һϣҪʲô
뵽ɫϵǧޣЩͷƤ飬ëȻ룺Ǹòᣬ⣬Щ
ģûټȥ
ΪΪЩһǷˣѨǿߣҲԲ̺ԣǧ޵Ķ֡
ֻ¼غȥͻᱻ޴󳱣ɵͷӶʣ
ܿƱϵ˿δˡ
ձѩãҲ뵽λǰĶӣһ뼯Ψһԡ
֮˵ɫҲʱˡ
еձǺ޲Ц
Ȼ۾ԶЩ˵Ķ֣Щ˵ӣȴ޲ÿʲôʹĴ㡣
̫ƽò𣿻ǸоԼѾݺ޵У´ȥ
ֻǣΪʲôҪǡ
ڡǧʫ˪ͻȻ֣ǴûΪԷǴеģҪǽܸ⼸ʦֶѡ
Ȼû󣬵ѾԼΪһˡ
Լ˵ı飬ҲһЩ⣬Ϊ׵ĺµӡ൶Ѻѣʫ˪ؿڵʦãǺ⣿
ʫ˪ǸسЦЦתԡ൶ѺѣڵҿǼʵȱ֣Ǽ룬Σ
˵ֿ꣬ˣʦܣǴУһʮҪ񣬼ƻҪõǵİ֡Ȼ³ջҲԻһݣ֪Σ
ţ
һԥ
׿治ȻҪԥľܾ
ϧǶξġǧʫ˪ΪΣ׵ĲԷӡ
ǣΪӣּ縺һ֧սгԱ֪֮ΣȴһҪжԱȥΪ˶壬ȻνԱδû
ҲûԱѡȨ
ˣԥ
ûпڣ൶Ѻѱ㡰͡ЦһмصƾǣѨڶûеͨڵӣܰʲôǻڡ
Ҫ֣ҲҪõǣҡ
š
ŮҲͬʱͷȻϿʫ˪ľ
ţ⡭
ʫ˪ʱЩԥˣˣֿ൶Ѻˣ˫֮Щѿ
бӣȻ¶ȻȻģԼЩڵǰǱγһ߸ϵİ
ȻγɵģݣȽײͬȻγɵİ˵жôǴʵĲΡ
üͷһ壬ձѩԥһ˲վǲԸԼĶѿһֵĪǣλΪĳûǣ
ţ
Ǻǣ
ӶһۣΪ׵ĵӣ൶ѺһмЦƾ㣬ʲô
ĪǣԶԸǼͷﵽнޡʳʬɽףԼȡָ߼ޣ
ĿһаȻ
Ͳµ˵ĿıǳźЩ޶ȥֻû뵽ǣ˷ѡ
ǣ˲˲֮ˣ񾳽磬һ򵥵ġ
ҪɱͷѨޣƾǵָΧκһʱ򣬶ܹɴĿꡣ
ǣƫƫѡЩ޾һʱôʱʹ֣ҲԲЩ޵Ķ֡
ΪʲôҪ
Īǣ
뵽һܣһʱ㹻ֵöֵɣҲֵһ
뵽⣬˫Ŀ΢գ漴֮ϣһȻƶʱڶ
벽ѨΪڣ󣬾ȻٴͻѨڣﵽʫ˪ǧȣͬһĴڡ
λθߣ˫Ŀ죬΢΢߾٣ǾͿһУɣ
˵꣬˵ľȣ֮Уһųɫ򲻶תǳ۳ɵĻţſµıը֮

һȣ飡ܵ棬Ȼһ𣬶·һֱߣ˲佫ʮŴȼ
ܣֱ߿գʹԶľ룬á൶Ѻѵˣɫ΢΢һܵ˿µĸ£ǴＴ١
ģԼĻγһɫĻ֣ԼػУŸ˸¡
⡭
˶ɫ΢䣬һۣ뿪ڣȴ֣һУδꡣ

Żٻӣڸղŵһǽ棬ǽͬͬһʱ𣬴ŷһе˲佫ȫȦ֮ڡ
ţ
൶Ѻ˫Ŀ΢΢һ΢ѹ°Լϵ֮ϣҪ鵶
ڴʱȴЦһ֣ȴ棬ȴֺȻ顱һ£ȫʧʧӰ١
Ҳٴ½
½֮Ѫһӿ漴Ϣ䣬˶ãֱԭƽƽ棬һͨ벽Ѩӵӡ
⡭
ȺУ֪ЩֶΣ֣ȴʫ˪һϲԵʮ־ȡ
ȻҲû뵽Լ־ȵһͨӣʱգȻΪ
ȻΪάֵʱʮֶݣΪΪֻҪȡӦеã㹻
οиղţʮֲĻϵֻ£ѾԶԶһϵķΧİƷҲѷɫǿ󣬸¡
ӵһѣɴеĿ꣬ͱ׶ˡ
ԭɵҲΪһ˵ļ룬öϵʤ㡣


255 ʳʬֺ֮䣨У
ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ㣬ô˵
ʫ˪һϲ⣬ӯӯЦгϲá
ţȻһЩڵӲмҲǴû۹⡣
ʱ˿̣ѪӵϣҪҵһͬ磬ͬΪĶӣʮֲס
ҪңյȻҵֻҪȥԼβĳߵ
ĶӣǴ֮ϣѪӵࡣ
ʱݼţǴֻ¡ⳡԵʹǸˡ
ʱ򣬺ڶ
ߣ
൶ѺѲ˵ԼУֻǣҲףһ˼룬Ƿһʤ㡣
ãҳССӡҪСӣҲûôףȽֻҪܽұֱͬ⣬Сӡ

ʫ˪Щġ
ԭΪ¶һ֣һˮɣû뵽൶ѺѻҪһҲ÷
ϾҪĽɣֻͨǵĿ飬Ȼ룬ʱҲûĺɼƻ
ֻǣոѾ¶һ֣ҪҪӣȴҪѯԼ˼
ϣȻ¿ϲϣҲֻٴˡ
ȻʵǰٰΣǣڡ൶ѺѵĵȴҲ޵ǡ
ϾԷҲҪηһλӣڶǰʮĴڣûһ򵥵ġ
á
˭֪ԥƬֱ̣ӻش
漴һ֣ձ˿ߵݳϣһǰʮĶ֮һ൶Ѻѡ
Ҳǰʮ֮УųơһˡĴڣף봨ȣɶȭ򽣣ûһõġ
Ҳ뿴ǰʮĶӣ
ߣ
״൶Ѻѷ¶һ˿֮̾ɫҲûгʲô߳
һ볡У˲䣬ϣһɿɲơ
ƣͬɨϣѹ˻ģܵĲݵأͬһɴ紵˲ȫͷͷ
º쵶
һɹҵĵ˲ɨȫͣݺᣬҰһ˲ȫնϣڰУֹͬ
൶ѺѵȻһɨڵܳѾ㺦½Ӳ££Ŷӡ
ţ
ȺУһƬ֮˶벻д˱䡣
˭֪ȴֻһЦ˫΢֣ˣȻڵãɣ
õӣǾͽҵһ˫ǣգ
Ļеĳ̵ʣɨһɫĹ⻪֣ͬɨ
δʣȴѳһְңɨƣȻǶӵһˡ
úá
ݣܿ浶ƣ˫һȦһҵֱӾʹԼǿ֮һƷපצ
һʽ޼䳤飡
ָ죬ƬضȻһƺܵʲôɲƷһֻצӭϣѺѵĹº쵶ڰкȻײ

һϵеɫǴֱ֮ϣƬһ˲ȫ˺ѣѪ˳Ҳɹסһ
öġ൶Ѻ΢΢㵡
Ҫ֪еĿƷУʹǶӣӵƷģҲûмλǡǡ֮һ
ǣһƷĵȻǰһֹצ¡
ǰƷ
൶Ѻ۾һ۾˷֮ɫ촽ڵղҲˣһҪķ
ɣ
ΪȻڵȻֱѪҲһĨ˷ܡ
ٸѨǿײһθڣʥսȻ˶ƣڣʥʤ֮䣬ԣһѵõĻᣬѨǿߵǿ
磡
ѩ˵ɫˣղôڵһȻųڣҪӽһ⡭
û¡
˰֣ʾǲõģʫ˪վһ࣬۾Ҳ¶һ˿֮顣
֪൶Ѻһգʲô¶̫ϣΨսȴǳű顣
ѵһ˺ʤĵĶ֣ɲΪһս˽ᡣ
ֲԤϵʹУҲ֡
ܲΪԼ˴ȴҪڡ൶Ѻѵĵ£ʹμƻʧܣҲ˲ˡ
ãڶ䣬ұ
൶Ѻ۾¶һ˿ҫ۵Ĺʣ漴ɲصʣһӳ
䣡
һӳؼ䣬ƺȻ谵ͬݺύ
һɫСˣ£ֵǹͬѪսϣ飬ӿ
ǹµڶʽұ
ʹʱҲɫ΢΢һ䣬ܵ˿µѹµĲǵǵ֮Уصشơ
뷢һˣǹɺɨһеƣ
ǲеˡ
Ȼֻ֪ǱȶѺѲʹɱУǣɲҵ˱ԪѪϢѨھ磬漴ὣ֡
ɫ׵ŲһȻԾգгǻǧ⣬飬ͬЩϡ
ͼž彣̨©
ǰڰ벽ѨΪʱֻܷĽһ˳ԪѪǿԼΪѨʱͿǿʹ彣
ȻҲɾˣϾһʮֲֿĽ
ؼ䣬ͬȻһ£ǧ⻪꣬ɴ
İ֮ɫȻͬ귴෴
һһһһ졣
ױͬµУһƬƬɢֲס࣬ȻϵĳܣЩһı
ڴʱһȣ
䣡
»ͬȻ֮ըҩ綾ȻըһƬƬϯݳ˲䣬ԭرһƬߣֻʣݻƵһӡ
кױһɨգ丵β档
ãҵȷСˣâӣ
ƺһǳͻȻըؼ䣬ɫĵâ
Щɫĵâһһͬ򴨹麣γһ֮ӣϯšڶȥ
һɿµƣǱǰӴٱס˲˶ȥ
ϾؾѨڣڡ൶Ѻǿֹһĵѹ֮£˲ЩֲסŲ
ҲΪ⣬Ϊһͬ˫ֽὣ֪ʱѾʧȴһ˿ζ
һµķ֮䣬Ȼ˱
ӰվԭأƺƶҲģ
ɫĵӰӦɢ·ؼ䣬ʧ
ѺȻһĵˣǺȻֳһӰ
ղǵǻӰ
ü
Ѻ΢΢һ
ɢ൶Ѻ¶δ֮ɫǿסԼյ䣬΢Цܺãҳϣʱ֮ʵˡ
ӭ㡣
֡


256 ʳʬֺ֮䣨£
Ҳȥ
һЦ֮ǰһС񣬾ʹ˲ɡ
˵⣬֪һΣյʱпɥȴһ֪ϸͨڵӼ룬Ĳ
ǶԱˣǶԼ
Ȼʫ˪֪һЩʵϾ벶սȻз˽ҩɣһͷ׷ɱ£ϾýҩҲһͨڵˡ
ֻǣ֪ѣԿͷŻỳɡ
һ£Ҷŷˣʹһġ൶ѺѣҲʵѩ÷ǧ͸ˡ
ڴʱѺѻһתȴתˣ˵ǰͷǣûʸ񣡡
ţ
ձʱüͷһ壬Ҳĺɫ֮ϡ
ȴһֹ֣סŶ
ѺѿڵǣҲͨȻ顣ȻҪΪżǣǣΪ룬˻ˮʵǲ˸á
ţ
ԣüͷ΢壬ͷһˣЩԥ
ձǳ嶯ৡһ£¾սѾγҪ
ڴʱȴ׹֪Σգȷʺ˼롣
ԼԱֶΣףʹձˣʵǿʱҲûѨʵ
ѨʵûУѵֵЩмĿ¹㲻þҪɥ
ԣһɫѩסԼ磬ڵǣ˳ֺʮ֮⣬ҰɡܲܳɹҶһų
磡
ձʱˣǣȴһ֣ԾԵǵİɣҲμӣֻǺȣ˵ԼпҲ˵һ
㲻Ϊ磬ԼںôΪãȷһҪ𣿡
ԣձһ侲˿ѩѩգģή֪ˣ磬ǻ㡣
š
߰ɡ
ڵ˵һѩһ룬ȥ
ѩһߣһ߲סĻͷۿ΢΢ӻ֣ѩУһΪԼʵ㣬е
ΪʲôΪʲôԼڻֻлԪΪԼҲôʱˡ
֪룬ļ磬룬˭ΪǴ˴ģҪһ죬ǻ׷ġ
ҡ
һ٣Ҳȫް٣ʱ䣬ǿΧúõһҩݣɹʱҲúøһ£ǲǣ
š
ѩ۾Ȼ漴ɥʧ룬˷ܣ㣬ǿߣ
á
ձźõףεһ±ӣ̾һЦЦǳΣգҲ첽ȥ

ԭء
ѩѾˣҲɳһ漴ҲԥֱӿѺѵ˵ڣ԰Ѿ˵˵˰ɣ
Ȼû⡣
ԭֻһˣ൶Ѻ˶׷΢Ц˹
һ֣˾һƫԭĵطһʸɾĲݵأ
Ŷ渵
ǵĽ˵ҲףΪʲô⾣ֺˡ
ԭһжΪһż
Ѫǧ֮ǰɲôƽȣս֪ǿߣ䡣
УڵһЩ̫ϳϼ
֮⣬һЩԸȭɢ
Щɢ޵ΣյʱҲϧͦУһλصš桱
λ桱ʵжߣûֻ֪֪ʱڵһЩҪķԸ
һֵ֮ùǧʱɱƨɾ
Ǻ棬ڵע⣬֣һ񶾵壬գλɢ棬ž޵ţǰɥս֮С
ΪϢܷºֽڲأΪֹԾɲ֪桱֮أ
˵Ȼ弸ʮλһΧȻûе䣬ɱ˽һ֮ߣֻزΣ伣
˶ڲ²⣬ƾʱ壬ӦӲ˶Զ϶һƧĵط˿
ʱѪȵطĴ󷽣ǰߡ
ԣΪ˲ʹԼõв࣬϶˺ܶƣֹҵ
ǧȥȻǴս޷Ѫ¶ռݣʬԼԾɲ֪١
ڲ֪ɳ˶ˣĴѰսĹģʵ̫ûоַ˭ҲѰҵټ
ʼʱҶģΪ˭֪ĶǷ
ǣķ˷ѴʲôҲҲҪδ֪ΣգҲ͵ˡ
꣬Ҳû
ǣⲢļ¼Ĵʧ෴һνһ棬Լڸֹżء
УΪһ⣬У޻ڡѩ÷һ̽գ뾣ֺ̺֮ϡ
֣ɫÿԲ֮ҹˮܻǳ
󣬱ǳĺ棬֪ǲǶȲͬԭ¹£ˮ䣬ǻḡֳһЩֵĹӰ
ЩӰЩһ޴ޱȵ۶ѨУԿ˹ʯʯεĺۼ
ҿ϶һżֻǲ֪ʲôżǣĳһΣʯ֮ϣһصӡǡ
Ķһйżѩ÷ϲӵķ֣ӡǣһרõͼӡǡ
һڰԲȦԲȦУѪߵӡǡ
棡
һ뵽⴦Ѩżп֮ǰطǧټϺ½׺ɣֳӰͶϷʱ̲ס
˭ʲôڣʯУôЩǲҲڣ
ڣǵףһʲôĲƸڵԣǺεһ
˵ǣǰڵˣҲһ
ǣ֪Ϣشѩ÷ûаܸκˡ
º̽ʱȴ֣֪ǶѨУʲôƷɢݳһȴֺеĸ߽ޣȫ۶
һѨڵӣܺһͷѨڵ޲£˶ĸ߽ޣȴԲǵĶ֡
ȥ³һʱ򣬼ʹǶѨ棬ٶ౦кã
֮ΣȻܷˣ֪ҹζ࣬ȻʯӰ֣ܷ֣պȻҲ˷֡
ԣΪƷԼܷһ磬ؼǣڣʫ˪Ѻѣǧһĺѵӣȫ˹һá


257 Ĺ
˵֮˵棬пżһ
ʹѺѣһĹʲô̫ںʫ˪Ʋס
˵һ汦һһžĹͼһ޵飬Ԧ顣
һȱĵƷ½׵պ絶ģһŽӰӰ
壬һƷıһöһ򣬷ˮռ壬ˮ壬Ʒر
Ȼż棬ô汦϶Ҳ֮УûƷö֪
ܵõ˵һҹͻѨڣڣȫԤϵ¡
кСļʣͻƽ뷨
뵽֪ʺСˣȴȻҲ޷ˣôܿƵס
ðգº̽һΣȴ֣Ҫ붴ѨһҪš
ȰţԽľˮ˵ĵɣȱһС
ֻϧҲǱڷ˵Ŀ󣬷׷Ⱥ֮˶һЩˡ
һЩӳ˻صˣȴֲģ˼ӣŵùĶӵһ𣬹̽صأ
գʫ˪ֵûзӣȴ׷Ѱʳʬϣȴ׼ȥһˡ
뵽벶һսŰ˹ǳһĻ
ô֪˾ҲգֻҪ㲻ѽ֪߱ˣԣ㻹һοѡ˳Ļᡣ
һѡ˼룬ʱھˡ
Ѻ˶
Цʱˣ˳˳
ңʫ˪˻УҲ΢΢һ
Ԧ飬ˮ塭
ۣص֮
Ŀǰձ˶ڽѨͷУʵ͵ѩƾʣʱ䣬ֻҲ
Ѩѹأ֪Ϥ
һħѨķǸ壬Է磬ˮϵİΪѡ
зӰʱҲһ˿֮壬ˮϣȴȱһ֡
ڣ֪ĹУȻһķˮ壬ܲĶ
дһˣһνżͻѨĸʣͽ
ңɸƷѨĸʣҲԶΪ
ıȻܷ
⣬Ԧ飬Ƕʫ˪д֮
Ϊξ֮ΪΣֲԼˣΪսʹʧ֮۵ڤѪԦҲһҪõ֡
Ψһʱ뵽ֲķˡ
ԣΪԼΪձѩھߵʫ˪ĹأԼҲҪһˡ
⣬ţȻľ磬ѷɫһսУδһˣܳ
ţһյһ
ãȻû飬ôϢһҹԲ֮ʱˮ½ʱЩҲĹصţҲ¶
ʱ򣬾ǵĻᣡ
ҶúϢһ£ҹͿһˡ
ã
˶ͷӦ漴ȫĿԣһȫ֮أĿϢ׼ҹĴս
ܿ죬һҹȥ٣ƽߣ½һ£֮ϣޱȵࡣ
УΪЩľ̫ߴïܵԭ򣬵ס˹ߣԵЩ谵

ĳһһӰ·裬̤εĹ켣ĳ̺Ա߿
ԽԽߣɫĴʼĪǳˮͨ͸渡ֳһһöĲӰ
ԵЩ׷ڴˣѾ֪˶õޣȫһֻɫǣվһɽ֮쳤ХХ
ҹ紵𣬿УһЩصζһģɱζ

ߣ
ֱԵһѾһˮ棬Ѻһȣ
漴Ӱֳһݳһ
һطͬİӰӰγŻ״֮ǰѷԼķģ֮
ܵİϢĿһعͷ۾Уðĵ̹⡣
𣡡
Ѻѵٶ죬գ۾Ϳһͷߡ
ֻβͣеĳ̵ʻӳһһţֻɫĴߣֻһͷ漴Ϣһ롣
Ѫӿ档
ĸˣҲЩޣ̱ӡ


258 չ
޻ڡѩ÷浤ӣѨڸ߶Ϊ
ķϷϷһ볡У˲ͱͷΧס
ֻɫģ䣬˫ַ·黨һȻһƬѩ·𻯳ɽ⣬˲ͷ޲ӹ
͡
ͷޣû˿֮ɱ
һ⡱ǧѨжεӣģɱһ
ĽһխḶֽ́ͬȴһֱҵζ
ֻνʣһӣһƬ֮˳ȥ
Щƺһ⣬һĳƺţɴ˶
顭
赲ǰޣһн֮׷ױѣճһƬؽ
βͣǰУӰ潣Ҵ̣һѪ⣬ըҹµ̻
򣬶ûޣͽޣȴֶĶ֣һգ˹٣ٶȶ졣
ľ𣬡ǧʫ˪ԼߣҲѷɫ
ǧʫ˪ֻѨжΪȻһҲС
Ԧ޼Щ޵ϰ˽⣬ǵ㣬ҲǶۻ
ֻһֻֻްΧ֮Уȴӭ磬Ʈôȴƫƫһֻֻȫܿ
֣˲·һƬ
ɫģλõζգɽУȹʹؾ
Ʒ
Ʒ֡
пޣ׷һ֮ԭأʫ˪ӰƮӶ
ޣһһѣͬʮϸϸ˿ӳɵѪۣķѣڷ
ߡ
ԵģһͷݣòõĽëʨһͷ׼ĴڣҲ׼̽ףƽ׼ޡ
Ȼ֪ʱܸһ͸Χʱ򣬲ǲ׾ʱ
ǣ˲һΰƷ֮ʹ
ڰգзὣǧâͼž彣̨©
ϣ𵭵ĺâʹ˱ԪѪĺΪһ˲ͻƵѨеķὣ֮ϣâ
͡
һ˲䣬ͷոĽëʨһ漴϶һϸϸСףѪҺ
ͨһӴֱҵڵأһصĻҳ
Ȼޣۼںߣӿɱ֮
磬Уʵӵޣһ·ҪǮĻӳѰ벽Ѩޣһ֮Уգ۱ɱжΡ
Ͼĸ򣬿ˣٶһ㲻й֮ʱҲһ̾
ȻǶжɫˣʹԪѪʱҲȷǵĶ֡
ֹڹۿˣˣҲڲϵĹ۲
ı֮ʹѷɫԼˣºȣʱɫһϲͷ˵ͷ
Ȼ£ʵ
һЦ

ʱһһֹȥΧԽԽ࣬ǼͷѨڵҲˣÿˣֱҪԸͷ
ͷѨǿߡ
һ˲䣬޴󳱣ֱѨסǣѹûʱȥۿ˵ıݡ
Ҳٲԭɡ
ԵģͷĿ֮һʳʬԼֻ޴ɫޣѺѵ˽ܣ֪һͷʮֺ֮һ桭
飬飬顭
һļҽսôرˮĽˮĹӰƺҲģ
¹һһƫƣҪԽߣۿˮٴǡ
ԥȥˣȫþУȻûлˣ
ȻȺУ뷽ġ൶Ѻѣһȣ˵漴һһ͸ƣϢǣ
ܴﵽĵӣ˭Ҳûһأɱﵣƽ¶ֻбϵʵ
ھʹʹ˱ԪѪҲҪһжܡ
ѨڣѨжΣѨںΡѨڳΣ
һ˲䣬ѺѻϢȻﵽ˾˵ѨڣԶԶΧͷѨ
ҹ
һȣڵһγ鵶ʣ͸ĵ⣬·һ¹⣬һСɵһӳƷķâ¶ɡ
ɲǲУƷƷĽ
飡
棬ͷСɽ̳һŵľ޴ɫɽһӾͱˣβ֮ϣһֱ۳ĿֲڣѪⷭ
ɽôҲһܹ֮˹˲ŭˣֻ⿪һһ¶ǰȻʮɳ
βһ˦۹֮ɫͬɽѹ£ֱѺؿڶ
ȻѺѻȻ壬ֱӱܹһͷɽ޵ĹһԾϣڰգеĹº쵶Ѿһ˲ӳʮ˵
ţ£ſֲϢ
µʽ֮һɽۣ
䣡
Ѫɽֲĺ֮ϣһƬͼֱӱࡣ
һҵĽսڣѺѵӰϡ
£ͷѨڵɽ֮Уһ޴͸ѪϢ˥ڡͨһʵĵȥ
һͷѨޣذһŵõˣ漴ѺܵޣҲ֮ɢ
һΣ˷·һ⣬˲jǵһŻ֮ǰ
֮Ŀ˹


259 ĹѨ
ڶĿİŵģǡ޻ڡѩ÷Ҳǡһ⡱ǧȻ֮УʵȽϵ͵ġǧʫ˪
ָֻţ绮ǳֻ޴ɫ׺ף𣬱һԣץסᣬ˲ɱϣһӤȭͷС
һֻѨһ貨ˮ֮ϣֻһȻѾﶫľǰ
ǰƷ
ŵȷʮǿ󣬵ڣʥͬΪƷ֮һӰȴȫ׷Ӱ١
ʱԭ򣬳һݣΪΪ֮ͬ⣻ҲΪӰĻֻɡ
ȫʫ˪ŰƷ˴ɣڸǽӽĵز
ˣʱЩԲˡ
ѩ˷ָ
޻ڡѩ÷ʵǸʫ˪һߵģϾѨڸ߶εӣʫ˪жΡ
Լʫ˪֮
ıһѩָıġͬ˿ҡ
飬飬顭һͷͷޣ˲䱬ըɢɢһѪ
غ磡
ͷ޴ʱһ٣ԭأܶһ͸ı״塣
Ѩ޺εǿ󣬡飡һ˲ͷƱǣѩ÷׼ȵľһ̣
ֻһתָƼ䣬͸ıγǵļ״һ˲ȫͱͷ
Ѫ˲ͬբһ㣬Ҳֹסӣ˳
ԭرһŭ𣬼սûƬ̣ͷڲ֧ء
ѩ÷һֻѨޣһϷǰ
д
״ԼȻУһһ⡱ǧĨˡ
ֻһ֮Ǻ죬һĨԽİɫ
˫Ŀһ·ǳ֮еĽ˲󣬳¶ķâ
͡
â潣ȻҲһѺѡº쵶֮µƷ
һӳǧ
ǧһȣеĽ˲䷢һɫ
ɫԽԽŨԽԽŨͬǳ֮ϵ¹⣬еĽҲ͸ԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ֻܿӰ
ˣӰΪ·ĪʧˣѾȻӰ
һʱ䣬һͷ˸ߵھ¶ٴʧ
͡
飡
ʮ£󣬻صǧģԭأֻ޴ĺܣƺһ֧أ漴ֱӱըǧѪ飬ɢ
ǧƺһ㣬ԳԾܿһͷѨֵļ˸֮󣬾͵˱ˮǰ
ֻʣԼ𣿡
֪ĲˣȻ췣֮󣬵ǲٵȴȥˡ
䣬˭Ҳ֪ţܴãҲһ֣ݼš
ˮ壬ֵڱصá
Ŀһϳ壬ὣǧâΪڵȴ˾̷
档
ͷͷ֮˸Žֵĳ޻Ȼһŭ𣬳צ˸ɭɭ⡣
ſڣţȻĵ⡣
Щ⣬Ȼǣķȣȴ͸ˡ
ǣʱͻȻЦˡ
ֻ۾УͻȻһ⣬⣬·һССɫ˲Ǵ󣬶ǧ֮УʳʬĿС
飡
һͷʳʬӴ޷ȼգ֮䣬һͷѨڣݵмͱճһѺ̿¼֧Өǣϡ
һ֣ͽУͬʱζתһͷѨޣ档
ԼĻ֮һʳʬȻ˲Ľ£֪ΪʲôУԱþתûкˡ
ֻŭһӴβͣ·һɨŴݻһеĿ;ɽľȫһ˲Ϊ촷ۣ丵β档
ʱ۾֮Уһָ׸Ǵ˶ٵɫ⣬һţͬһɫСߣ뵽β
ԭΪ⣬Ϊͺ֮ǰЩһΪ塣
ɫ֮ʱȻ֮䣬һϸϸܵĺͬܵ˿ֲȻع۾֮Уŭ
ͷһǵɫߡ
ڴʱͣһ죬棬꣬۾¶Ϸ֮ɫصӡм췣֮֮ŭɱ
Ǿ޴ĳɫͷգԭжиƣȴɫһ֮£˲Ϊء
ʹʱиͷ֮ɫһ˲Ǵ˳ƾʺ
һ̣Ѻѣѩ÷ǧʫ˪Ӿ۹Уͼͷԭݣ·𲻿һѨķѣ·˴ڷָ߰ʮĳߡ
һ̣Ѫͷ棬һɢըѵ丵β档
ͣ
һ£ȴٶȲ˷·һֻ𰣬գۼ͵֮֮ǰ
ʦãҵλڵӣ򵥰ͷѨޣ˱ɱǣҲס
൶Ѻ۾֮Уâһ˵۾У¶һ˿˼顣
˶ûп壬ôɱͷѨ޵ģֻԭ·磬գ֮䣬ͷѨޣһͷ޹Է٣һͷڶ⣬ֱӱָʮƬ
һʱת˶Щ㵲߾Ѿսǰ
ˣʫ˪ʱУ𺶡
ʶͨڵʵڶУҲǰʮ֮У˿ڡ൶Ѻ֮¡
ǵȻ̶֪ʱڣָ˶ۣһȥǧƹʧ췣֮֮⣬ҲһЩˡ
վǿ췣֮ǿԼ䲻⣬ɹͷ·ѨɱһͨѨǿ߶顣
ʱ䲻ˣʼ
˲׷ʣѺѿһɫˮôһ󵢸飬ףۿžҪٴαڸǣѺһȣ֣
֣
ˣҲ˲ѯʲôֶΣɱͷѨޡ
ܴﵽز˭ûСܣҲУֻʹûʹóˡ

ŻĿٹעԷʼһ˲䣬ưǰ֮ϣһɫİӡ֮С
ɽʼˮˮľľ𣬻𡭡ˣһʼգ
ͣͣͣ
֮ϣȺһɫһɫһɫһɫһɫֹâ
ֹâ˲ƺˮɫϷһ壬γһµâͼ
âͼһת·Ӧذأǳ
Ƭ֮󣬡֨һˮϿգʯƿգģһͨǰ
ߣ룡
֣֪ͨʱҴʧˣһȫȻٴ糱ĸޣֱһȫС
ٹƬ̣ʧͨҲһһ̣ȫ̮ʧ
˼ͷÿ죬ٶȼޣҲ֮Уޣȫ⣬̾κΡ
ֻںǻȴʱ
Լ޵Ľ룬ͨ³ֱѣˣһ硣
ԭ̺Ͽգˮٴοʼգָԭˮλһƽ羵ͬʱһûκβ


260 ˮ
ৣ
λóӰ飬ˣһһĶڡ
Ȼ֮ǰȴȻһ˸ˮĻ赲˽롣߽ϸһɳһ¡
ʶѺѣֱӿڵҲ˵һǽУпֿܻʱ򡭡
Ļûж˵Ҷ˼
ɣ
ʫ˪һˣڵˣһ룬ֻܸ֮ƾԵõʲôöҲҪ߱ˣԷһ
һ㣬ĳһƷڱصãǰ˵ʱõˣԸ㽻
ȻҲҪӦĴۣߣֵͬĶѡ
á
á
Ŀⶼ˸һ£ûзԡ
ѺѼ˵ΪԼʵߣõöļʽϴȻᷴԡ
ʫ˪ȣҲֶΣδػǣҲǸ˼
˵ϣǵƴֻ˭Ҳ˭
ǰһ˲˭ֻ˵Լ˭أ
ȻˣΪҹζ࣬ǾͽɣõʲôȫԼᣬ棬Ե֣ʼղ
Ӧˡ
߰ɡ
ԣҲû˵Զһ֮漴һ̤ǲ㵭ɫĻ֮С
ˮⷺģ˵Ӱһʧ
һתٳʱȻ֣ԼһˣһЩСĳɫѨС
⴦Ѩ߲һɣߣһֻһˡ
֮ϲԶһ˸ľȦƺǰԼ˴ͽĳ̾봫
ߣ
֪ˣҲͬʱ˶ѨĹһôණõʲôɾȫƾˡ
ƷȻۺ죬ȴһǵòɣֻǣöˮ壬ȴһҪõ֡
ңϾܰʫ˪ҵԦ飬Ҳ㻹һ顣
⣬ǴУԸ췣֮ĴۣԭԣҲҵ߳ѨǰѰȥ
˳춴ڣӭ棬һ·ԹһͨЩͨݺύ̡
治֪֮ǰпٵģֻպ÷֣ãĹصġ
ںߣΪ²⣬Լ٣ʱ޿ܻڴ˵أضѿԶݳαغ׷ɱ
Ȼڴˣôһ̫أԣǡþͷ⴦ϹžѴڵĶѨָտΪصĵص㣬˳ֽá
󣬾ͳΪյĹˡ
ô꣬˭ٵأ
֮ףٳ˸׳۵ԹͼѨˣҲ򵥡
ڲǲ²һеʱ򣬻ǾҵˮҪ
뵽⣬ͷ΢΢һ
ˮ壡
˭Ҳ֪󣬰˺η
Ƿֱãȫֱһ
һǱȸϵһ˶ãǷֱãֻᰴʲôλűأ
ָһͨȥѰأ
Ͼ涼Ѿǧˣ˭Ҳ֪֮ǰʲô飬Ŀġ
˵ҪģеķˮԦ飬ȻҲҪǣ˵ȴǴһȵġ
ԣܵõȻãܵõҲûʲôÿϧġ
ˮ壬״
ţȻɴ಻ˣֱϥ£󣬱۾
Ǳˣʱ򣬲Ǽ·һͷײĲӬǺѰһͨ
ȴΪ뵽ˮһԣһ
ײ÷ˮļ̫Сġ
ǣȻˮ壬̺һˮİ壬ôͬΪϵ֮һӰûпܣҵˮ䣿
οͨ쳹壬Ҳбڱ˵һ
뵽ϥµֻоԺУһ鳤εĻתԭڵ棬żתɢâ
ʱһһֹȥʶŽӽһϢʼʱƾܣȴʼںϡ
󣬡ৡһ˵ʶͬһĿռ䣬׽˷Ӱı塣
ʱأأء·һڶϣǰǷ磬Уţ
·һ磬磬С磬磬磬΢磬ָķ磬ɫķ硣
һ˲䣬·һ֮ڣ۱֮ȫ
ǰȻҲӰ˻꺣ȴ䳹ںϣɷɽһ̣ǣȴģϸģȥ۲һ¹
һ̣·Ϊ˷һӣ˷еһƾ飬ΣؾǴ󺣣Ǵеһβ沨ԶС
żзϢǾͬ飬ϲײɢòɺ·ʱš
ȥҲһҲڴʱʶУƺܵΣգ֮Ȼӡٴθ֣ҫ۵Ͻâ
ӡ΢΢һʶһ漴ѸٴӷӰ˹Ųɫһףеһ¡
ǾӡԼֻѾزˣӰȻ֮һķ֮磬Ȼ¡
ֻһ˿ԼУ԰Ρ
ڲǼƽЩʱãʱʶ֮УѾܵһ˿ζζȱ˿һѰҵˮĹؽ
ͨ쳹壡
ûԥһ˲䣬һͽʦ͸ԼǶԺС壬ץУ漴˼ϡ
˲䣬ؼ䣬һƬɫ·һƬɫ󺣣з磬ķͣķ鶯ķ籩ңķ⡭һһõ
ŸղŽӰ˲䣬ܵһϢ˲Щӷ磬ɽ磬Ȼ磬ˮ磬ʯ磬ȫų
ڣǧԹǰѸٶСȻָһոµĵ·
ͨǰ·һССʯңʯУһϵˮ壬ɢǿҵķˮİ壬ԣ·һȣһԴ

һ˲䣬վĿûйǰǧ·˳ŸղŸеһǰ
ˣͻͬ湬֮УҲ֪˶ãҲ֪ת˶ٴ䣬һʱ֮ڣǰһʶУǹɷˮϢŨͬǰ
ǡ
ٴһתһɣ߲ϵʯңʯ֮ڣسʷһöƴɫӨ͸մ˿ҳԲ塣
֮ϣһֵֻ룬ͬ£̤Ķ棬ڲȼա
۾ȴɫģͬ磬ǿա
ˮ壡
һ˲䣬ڼǰһѰץУЦ
ʹһ̣Ҳڼ
Ϊ˲ϧ췣֮пܹһ񣬵һʱ̣ȫֵˡ
ĹһУʹʲôҲҲҲˡ
Ҳ֪ǷӰİæټͨ쳹汦Ҳô˳ҵ
˵ףҪл޳ǵһУӰԼԼʦ֮ǰöرͨ쳹͸Լ
Ȼ˵Լղ׵ҵ˷ˮ壬ңս֮Уܶ飬Ҳûף򵥡
˵ܶʱԼ̫æʱ֮𡭡


261 
ˮ嵽֣Ŀһ룬ʣµģܵõȻãòҲûʲôˡ
ԣȻ
һУˮ봢֮УϾܣʮּªһʯʯһľƳɵļ֮⣬
ľܣ÷ˮ֮κȻֻһͨߡ
ϸ£ȷκмֵ֮漴߳ʯң֮ͨǰ
ʱЩԥ
ʯѲ²⣬֮ǰһǽűֲ֮һˮѾԼҵ崦أ
ͨ쳹壬ǰߣ˼ͬһ㳯ӳȥΪһΣ֪ԦϢҲ֪ߡ
գֻԥһ£ѡһرһ̶ȷǳҵһͨǰС
ȻҪʫ˪һöԦ䣬ɲԦޣԣҲֻһˡ
ܵõȻãòҲֻԺ취ʫ˪ξˡ
ǰУأ뵽һЩĵؽ磬ܵ½ȻƺҪ
ΧһƬ֮ɫǹ⣬κϢͬء
ڤڤӦУоǰЩ⣬ʱֻѾͷͷ·ˡ
ͬʱķ

൶ѺһƫƧУȻǰ⣬ҫ£ǰ澹ȻһƬڡ
ȻѺѵͷһʱȴϲΪȻ֣Щʯ֮ϣʮָСˣֳһͼΡ
Աߣмªֽܡ
պ絶
һ˲䣬൶ѺѳԼļ֮飬͵ϥ±ĿϸʯϵһһʽأܣȻдղʺ֮֡
·һСˣЩղʺ֮У赶磬һҲ֮ƿʺ֮ҫʮԡ
ѺΧԽʢһһ˻˻磬ɱһеƣ޿赲޷ƥС
ǵƷ½׵պ֮

һߡ
޻ڡѩ÷һͰĶУУ䳱ʪӰ·ǧ꣬˼įȹ
Ȼǰһڡ
ɫڣɢصĺ⣬յ˺֣ҫԡ
Ȼϣѩ÷˾Ծͬɫͬپ죬ʽʸĪ·ƿմһһĵӰ
ѩ÷һ㶣漴첽ϣʱ۾ˡ
ֻһ˹ȥ૵Ʒ½Ӱ
һؾ磬һܻһӰƿմ󣻶ضһֱھؾ磬Ҳ߾磬ܻƿհ裬޴ڣ
ҷˣˡ
ѩ÷ҲûмŮӣȻһʱ̣ȴȫ˽պգ˴δ
ֻ֪ɵɵضǰڣǺɵЦ

һ⡱ǧȻʯУȴȻҴ⣬гǰ紦ʱԻӳɹء
£һ㵭⣬ǻ澢Ѿ߷޵
Īּ飬Ը鷢ԼϣȻĹѨ֮УȴȻһ˿衣
ʷϣΪ⣬ͷỊֻ̄飬֪١
ͻȻе潣ĪһͬܵһɿµѹȻò·ڳݾ
ƷȻжеѹǵʲô
ǧǲ죬ǻţΪ˾ΣգȻһ̣۾Уһ
һͻأĽɫĳ·תһ⣬һ͸Ϲ⡣
˿̣˽ֱֱزһ߸ߴԲμ̨֮ϣΧĵĴֵָסƺͻȻɳ
ЩҲͬѰÿһȻСһŵɡ
ң֮ϣ⣬Ȼ֮䣬ڤƳɡ
ڤѾһЩͽĲˣȻȴסһ
ǧٿԼеȴȻãԭ֮ʱΡΡͬȫʧɫ£η̧ͷ
ƷѹҲԱԼһȽȻγɵĪη塣
һ̣ǰǧѾ֪ǰǱʲô֣ʲôƷס
տʼʱ𶯣ٽţͲǿϲ
Ʒе֮һ


262 ǿ滭
һ˲䣬ǧͷ·˶ǣȥ
֮һĶӣһȫȥǰĸ߸ϣ÷·һ
ǣû˻ȥΪʹһЩѨϣڸ߲˵أҲʧ̬
Ϊ¼䣬Ʒʵ̫ϡˡ
ʹĶһбϣҲߣߣѾ֪ˡ
֪󣬸ο⻹£֮һ
˳ȥǧȴ˲䱻һͻȻĽⵯͷ
Ȼȴ˿壬ǰһһεسģԽԽܵĽƽ飬ǧ֣ڲģ˽λãһס˳

һԽܵڤһ˲ȫϣƺľȫǧȥΪ̡
ĹѨһ̣Ȼһ£֮ǰѺѷպ絶ѩ÷Ӱ֮ʱǲֹ顣

ʫ˪Щ
һ£ɰɴ֮ǰսУʹͷѨҲݼ򵥣ʱɫȴһ˿ԵĽš
ûǽţǣ͵ʧܡ
Ԧļֵ̫Ҫ˲֪Ԧرס
ңһǳǿļ壬֪ΪΣͻȻ˥ˡ
ǣŴţûʧı
оɹһ˿ڵƷĹȻûƷǣѾԶһЩͨĵƷܱˡ
Ҫǣԣ޹ͨʹļֵԶԶƷףƷõƷҲ
һõܳΪһǿԦҡ
ԦһͷǿΪػޣʵɱ
ԣʵֹԼΪϣͬӵеػϡ
мͷʮͷǿػޣʵֱӷҲûпܣָԭǧǰٹ⣬ָտɴ
һΣлᡣ
Ѫӵ֮ϣһͷڤѪ׼룬ȻûǣѾϳˡ
һɹշټ壬˵ָٹ⣬ܴﵽͰڷͥĵزҲûпܡ
һͷҲڵĴڣÿһ˵̫Ҫˡ
ϧǣĳʱ䣬ϧΪ˵ⴳ룬벶һսǰƼʩչͨѪˡ
ܰûڣƣԼǰһ㵽ͺˣǰһ㡭
ԹˣΪǲֻ֪⡣
һǸĵˣԣֻܰʧܣԼϣҲǾʹȫ޻ᡣ
ոƼѿȻշģʱ޻ᡣ
һλȵġ
ϾһͷѿҪ׽ɣΪһͷڣм䲻֪ҪĥѣҲǾԳɹ
Ͼ䣬࣬ޣƣѳ˫֮ԣÿһͷǾϡġ
мʱļʫ˪ͻлᣬֻǣƾڵʵԲУǣõĹ֮еԦ顣
Ԧ޽֮Уһʢ챦浱õ֮ԽսҲǴԸ֮á
ֻϧ˼ıΧˣԼ֮ء
ʫ˪ܵõƾһϸ΢Ӧ׷ѰڤѪټȻԦ߶мĿܣʱڣδ׳ɳڤѪٴշΪػޡ
ԣԦ飬ڱصãҲΣΪʲôԣ飬ǲ;ϵԭ
ֻǣû뵽һϲԭȫһ˿ᣬС
ֻڣñҲܽ룬ֻǣ뻹ûãҪѰҵԦټûô򵥡
ޣΪᵽԦĶȺɧޱȡ
Ԧ飬ɲԦʦдã˵ҲһĽ֮
Ϊһһϡɣһ̷ҲǱһ޴
ûޣֿܵջ󣬶ƵɢԦɢġ
ֻǣȻ֪Ϊǵ붴Ѩ֮ʫ˪ŷ֣鲢ûô򵥡
ʮ翣ңǰ˭ҲѰ׽ԭ
ҲԦ֮һϾԦʦԦǿ󣬵ȴʮС
ױ㱻ҵԦʦпֱӱɱӵǿԦҲá
õʱҲΪʱ˿ƣȻȻɢ
ʫ˪Ҫѭҵȴ򵥡
ȻҲܷԣתһԼķĬĬظԦϢ
Ȼ֮һ򣬱һѰȥ

֪ʱ˺һ֮С
ʱţȴһصĵط
ƺѾͨľͷȻͷ֮ȴʲôҲûУʲôҲ
ûʯңûбûţû顭
һС
ԣеģ
ͻȻ̧ͷԼͷǿյһеĵط˼У·ˮһȥ
۾ֻþдģһʯͷ˱仯
һš
һ͸ģϸֲˣǣþ˼Уȴܸܵ沼ǣͬժǧǳ
УƺеڲѲζͬһββϢ
֮ʯͷҲɽ׳ľ
棬ǣ
һȻ䣬۾ֳϿնȻһץ
ۣ
·һŻͻȻ䣬ץС
ȻһЩ͸Ĺֻֻ֮ϣǳǽڶ䣬ɽ׳ħͷ
ֻһۣľ˼бһ𵴣ƺ޷ɣֱ˺ѵļ
ÿ¡
æ˳ɫ԰ף͸ɴ컭ʮء


263 գ
򵥡
ǿˣֻ񣬸оĻ϶ʲôͨƷ
ڸոգ뻭еһ˲䣬͸оУƺǧǳ޾Ա
еܣֻ㾡ԼһҲ͸
ÿһǣһ⡣
ǧ⣬Ǻӣͬǳأܷӳжֲ޷
ֻһɽһƬ½أ˲䱻䴩

֪ʱ̽ŻܵʱĴһۣȷû֮׼ԭ·ء
ǰû·ˣǣ棬ܻгȥĵط
ǣŻһ˲䣬Ȼ䣬ĹѨȫһҵͬ˵ҡΡ
֮ǧץסʱҪǧٱ𵴣¶Ѩڵطһ뷢
һ˲䣬紦ĩգɽҡض䣬һЩ̵ҿ飬˲ӱڵа룬
ܵÿ죬ҪͷʯС
ǣ
Īǣ
ԼеĴ䣬˵Ψһԭ򣬿¾ֻԼղţȡŻˡ
ĪǣŻĹѨģͬһЩѹ餵
һﱻȡߣأͻ˲٣߽⣬ʲôҲò
ÿ죬ȥҲ죬Ƭ֮¶Ѩ𵴣ֹĻָƽ
ֻǣԭЩʯ͵ӵµͨȴڸ߱ˣղһжǻ
Ŀתƿסͨľ޴ʯżеԭ·ء
ȴ֪ȡǿչŻһ˲䣬ֹ֮أʯϥ򵶵Ѻѣǰϸ֮Ӱѩ÷ϸ콣ǧȵȡ
ԼѰԦһԦʫ˪Լ棬ƬصĹѨиߵͽޡ
һ˲䣬ȫܵ붯ҡ
Ȼÿ죬ȥҲ죬˻һü˼ܵ˲ͬѰ
ʱ򣬳Ĳѵ˵õʲô˲õıˣߣ˴ʲôǿĻˣ
Ȼ޷͡
Ϊ̫ԶҼ˻֮䣬Ҳûϵķʽǲ˵ĿУ֪ࡣ
գֻܻǻɻ󣬼ͷԼոյֵţʽ
£ֻܵȳȥ˻ϣѯˣգܲĸʣǳ֮С

ʫ˪鷳
ǼҴطȻͬΣȻԦ翣ڣǱѰһɡ
˳ɣأһŤȥڣ˴ԦǼʯҡ
һΪʯңʯУ촹һɫ乴乴һöƻ
ƴһŰɫӤȭͷСӣ;ʷУϳɢ˿˿ƵƢ
Ԧ飡
ʫ˪ڼҪǰȥöȡ֣ڴʱȴȻ¡¡¡¡졣
ʫ˪˲ǰӣһͷʱ֣붴Ѩޣȫǧ̤̤ƾ֮
һȻ£ڣֻһˣղţЩ棬ͷѨδټƽ׺ڣ̽׳ޡ
ʫ˪һˣԲС
оףЩޣҲ׷Ԧ׷
޵ö࣬Ԧʮֿ֮һ˲䣬Ȼһޣǽڡ
ֻһƴˡ
֪û취ʫ˪һ־ڵһͷ޳˲䣬һٴη³ֻ񣬶Σκһֻ֮ϡ
Уٴγִɫãһ֣ͷ˳ȥͷסһͷѨޡ
ۣ
ͷѨޣ׾˲һʹȫ£иѪ죬ʹһαµƤҲֵס
Ʒ֣Ȼǿ
ʫ˪һգͷ׾һ˲ķѣòѪĽ
Ȼʫ˪һûΪѪζĴ̼޸ӷˣ۾жð⡣
ٽսһʫ˪ȻҲɱʮͷѨ벽Ѩޣǣúܲס˶࣬ϣҲͷǿѨץѪ죬˺ۡ
ҪģĵڷɿţҲһЩá
Աߣһͷ䲻мȴӵмʵҸѲ£óʹûҹͫèӥ
ǶԱ̵۾ֻǿʫ˪ۣʫ˪ͷУֻһЧԵֵ
ۣ
ڣʫ˪ˣһͷ˻ͼһץĺ֮ϣʫ˪ϵɫ£˲䱻ѣ¶ѩĺ󱳡
ʱԭɫĺ֮ϣȴһֲѪۣС
ɱ
һɫӹͷѨ˲ķѣʫ˪ֱްΧ
ᣬһ˲䣬ö߰˵צһͬϡ
ۡ
һѪ³ʫ˪ɫ԰ףϢѾ͵ĵزԣȫѪ
ٹϢҪ޸ΧʱȻ䣬ԶһХ
ǣ
ǸϤȻ䣬ʫ˪۾һʦܵ
漴۹ȥʦˣкã
ʦ֣лᣬǣʦܣϾֻһ벽ѨĵӣˣҲ޷ԼһջҪ˫˫
ҲΪԼ˽һ
ҧ촽ɫѾΪʧѪò԰ףʫ˪ԼԼ
ʱϣˡ
ʱΧޣХƺо˲Ҳøˡ
ǣССϢ֮
ӵص֮֮ͨ߳һ·ѭͨ쳹ָķУģ˴ڣ춯صĺɱԼŨҵѪζ
ɫǳľ˼УͿʫ˪·һǧ޵İΧУƮҡʱҪϨ֮С
Զʯڽ֮УöɫȭͷӣɢŵҲͬʱľ˼С
ţԦ飬ȫѹ򡣡
ţԣʦ㡭Ų˶ʱˡ
˲佹ὣѾȻ֣һʱ̣ʯһʯҡ
һ̣ὣѾâһ˲佫Χʫ˪ȫˡ
󣬽ʮֻǰޣ˲йâһ̣ķѣĲ
ʦ㡣
æһѳסʫ˪ȴʱǳˣɫ԰ףֽ£Ϣ
ʦܣߡ
Ȼʹˣʫ˪Թһһ뿪ҪҲһ޾Ŀս
һʱȻ£ǣʱʹѨǿߣųǣҲ֧ųʱ̫á
ղţʫ˪ˣ̫ǿĹԲòУ̫ڻָ
գʹΪѨǿߣѨ֮Ҳڿݽߣòߵء
ǣȴ΢΢һЦɢһǿƣ΢΢ʦ㣬ͿŰɣգұҪΪôԦ顣
˵꣬תʫ˪ƽɷڵϣعͷǧޣ۾û˿ɫ


264 Ĺȥ
𣡡
һȺ޳˹
ۿҪɹɱǲͬŮ˺Ƭ˵˷ܼʱ
ڴʱ֣ǰˬ
ԣʱȻһ뽫Լʳǰ꣬Ҳһ˺ɷ顣
ǣȴ޾ɫ΢΢һЦеķὣһѤĹ켣㺮ǣȥ
͡
һ˲䣬ļʮͷƽף̽ޣ·һƬһȥǰЩø죬ø롣
ʫ˪۾У󿴵ģһĻ
ԭǵ۾ôģ¿һӱ˺ɲӣʹһͬȥҲԶԭ²Լ
ǣȴû뵽ʵȻϵǿ󣬴˿̵Ľ˿רʹýġһ⡱ǧ֮¡
΢һЩ
һɣҲֲס˲䳹˹ȥ
ţ
ʫ˪赹ͷ΢΢һˡ
ԭҲҪһսܰЩ޽ڣ׶ˡ
һͷ֮ǰѨħ˪ƹɫħƣſڣ
һȷ֮

һȣ㲽һ̤˲ף漴ͷ½ϣһΣȻΪһųϲӰ
ͣ
һצħ˪ƹͷ­֮ϡ
˲䣬žǣ
һΪͷ­ħ˪ƹǿڵĹͷԴͷ·һӱһѪܵĴ󶴡
һΪ˥ħ˪ƹμˣŲԣȴѳˡ
ԴѾһŽĹͷȫץ顣
һצƷපצһʯһצץƣοԴ
ͷȻӲվӲ
һ֣ͬһֻƲһ㣬˳ȥʱϢ٣ҵһƬޣֻһʱò
һЩ޴ʬеޣҲһ׷״ҡ
˿󣬻ȥʫ˪ٿ֮еԦ飬Щֲٴη
ͷѨһۣǾȻǻۣ֪ƾһ֮ܿܲǰĶ֣Ծ֮⡣
ˣˡ
ͷѨһһң࣬һץʫ˪һȥȡĽ֮Ԧ飬Իߡ
״΢΢һЦΪɫޱȻһ°˸֣췣ậ
˸ֳڣ˲䣬ʯҵ棬վԼʫ˪ɵĵط֮⣬һ
󣬡ͣ͡ԭƽĵ֮ϣðһţ˸ŷ񺮹ļ̡
ÿһ̣һ˸ߣ׮ⲿǼޱȡ
ǰһŵޣֲʱһһ뱻˰֮С
ٷޣһӱᴩѪ죬˵ļ̣г˻֣̿
ǵϢǿٵգϰ˼ȥڷ
ʣޣһηˣ۾У¶Ի󣬲⣬ηĹâ
ôҲ⣬ԭһƬƽĵ棬Ϊλðصļ̣ңûаף
ȴ΢΢һЦ
ǵȻԤϲậǾ̷֮УȽصһ̷ȺԣгٶۣӻЧ
ԭ޶񲻼࣬ȫᴩҸ߿գʾͽ䡣
ʱһƬһƬȺϣЧá
ͷѨԭѾҪʫ˪ͽɫСǰ¶ϲɫȴȻҲͻȻڼ̴С
ͷ˲ͬʱһΪźӰԶȥҲ˲õϵʫ˪ԼеԦˡ
ǣڴʱٴһЦһֵ̧˿ɱ
ĺָ⣬ȻֳһɫζĹ˿ͺĳЩϵĴһ
˿ϻζһһħ
ֻһΣѾʧһ̣Ѿ׷ͷҪߵѨٶȶȻһ죬λ飬ȻȻʧ
һ̣һͷѨɷȸͷ˲ԱߣԱһͷ˵β
ۣۣ
ͷѨԭعŲ˼Ȼ֮Ͳˣͷ֮ϣһĺɫСףڲϳ¶˿˿ƵĺɫѪ
Ѫ棬һɴ̱ǵȳζʮš
һЩޣֻһ£Ȼξͱͬ˾ƣҡҡλΡ
ڴʱһݣ
棬ͬ裬Ȼ˭СЩ⣬Ϳ϶Ҫùˡ
ֻͼžһ֮£ԭ˲ʮʬ壬ʣµĸޣһ뵨һź볯ȥ
ʱһͷѨȻ
ǣڴʱϣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ƺڵȴ˿̡
ֻȻתὣӣһɫ⣬ͬϼһչȥһͷͷͷɢֳһҰһӵޡ
̽мޣӰ̡ԻģƻӰ޿ײ룬ϧܲӵͨ쳹ĸӦ
ֻὣӣɫɳͷ׼䲻ĹӰ̡塣
飡
ž
Ӱ̡ûϵǰ֮˽ƻȻ¶ǰһʱֲ޷ܡ
꣡
ǧӰ֮£һ㣬ıʱһѪ¶˳Ӱ̡ʹһſڣһڵ
ı֮һҲʮһֹ
иʴһл׵Ч˵Ǵʵ֮һعǹӰ̡޲ӵС
Ȼת֮󣬾һֱڶ۾۾¶ɫԣϾͷһС
ৣৣ
ֻΣ·ӣգۼ䣬ͱܹź
ȻϾСźΣգֻ֮һȻҲһʱ䶯ĳһ׷
Ȼ׷ٵƲݣ
ˡ
һ̾ԭٶ췣֮ʱҲˣѨޣǳ䲻⣬ȻĿǰûɻɱ
źʮֲ򵥣ȥ˱ʾʮֲˡ
ңʫ˪ˣҲΣӲá
ԣҪźֻҪı壬ҲӲʲôЧãȻɢȥ
ԣȻʹ˲˫Ŀһݣϸӡ˵췣֮
ľײ
飡
֮䣬ͬȻһأɷԲľľն֮ʯҶ£˲䱻
ܵ棬һʱ̮ٲ
Ӱ̡ҪǰȴͻȻ֮䣬ǰһľ֮ӰϷŴ󣬷Ŵȫߡ
Ҫߣ־壬ȻһѾˣӲˣҲ߲ѡ
ֹ˿̣ʯеޣһʱȫСг
飬飬飬顭
һѪһ췢赲Բľǰޣһײأɶ
ʵһģһƶĻͷӭײУ˲ķѣΪһ
ͷѨӰ̡Ҳ⡣
ֻһǣȫ飬Ҳ֮һɾԶԶƮͬһֻݡ
ȫֻģ־ģ󵹷ɶȥķݡ
飡
һ죬Ӱ̡ײ˺һ޴ʯ֮ϣ۾У¶֮ɫһ̼䣬ͷһᣬء
ʣޣҲˣٿͷѨʵһ˲䣬ɻȫĪ
޼ʹõöԦ飬һ˲䣬Ҳȫ֮־塣
ʣޣһͻȻ뵹ͨУؿ·ǧ׷һ㡣
ѾҪʯĹ̾һ
Ҳû뵽̷֮һһľײľľȻܴز
£ԼҪɡ
֪ٲߣ¾߲ˣһһӣͷѨʬ壬ȫ봢䡣
һ͵ʫ˪ǰһժͽڻС
˲ø鷳֮ˣ·ΪһŻӰգǴҵĽɫСǰһժߡ
˳Щ޷ɱķҲٵسʯΧٶ
䣬䣬䡭
ǰɱʯһһе
ڣʯĹȫ֮ǰڵ˶ѨڣǲˮɫĹĻǰ
ԥһݣѾĻԾɫ֮С
˲䣬뿪֮ѨȻը̳棬ˮ˳֮ߡ


265 
ˮһƬǣԭƽĺʧ°ӿͬžա
״ֱͣ˳һˮˣ𣬳ź֮Ծ
Ƭ֮ʫ˪Ե壬˶һͻص±ߡ
ȻѾһӳʯĹѺѣѩ÷ǧˣȺԡ
˺һһ긦ı飬Ǳһ㵵ؿʯĹƾˮҲ˵ࡣ
ȫղһ̣ʯĹе׷˺£ΪλͻȻ
ȻͬطǣڶԶû鵢飬Էһˮ
൶ѺĿâһ߹ʵʦܣ֪ʯĹ֮е׳ʲôڲһƪĽҪͷʯĹͻȻ̮ˣջۡ
ȻҲǣղһȴҲѰˡ
˵꣬гʮֵľɥһĲ
ǰǰ
ˣǧѩ÷ҲϣȻЩơ
˶ڸԼõĶͬʱȴͻȻ׵ϣȻˬ
ͬʱЩͷԣúһʯĹôͻȻ
Ҳ֪
ҡҡͷҲֻ˵ȻܲøˣһжĽ
ʱ򣬼ʹ˱ϲ˵϶ҲЩˣڣû˿˭֪أ
뿪֮֮˭ֲʶ˭
ðɡ
ҲֻɣʵҲûôı£ΪЩޣʲôĶߴĳŦĻأԲŵ˱鷢
漴һ뿴лȥʫ˪һæΧ˹ʵʦôˣʲôˣΪλͻȻԣ

һЦĿһתҲֻ֪Ѱһʯңȴǡ޶ڵķ׷˹ȥ֮䱬һսǲȺ߻ԡ
ιȥ֮ǰҲɱ䣬պ˺ɱѭʦ㡣
ֻͻȻըʯңҲϸѯֱӾ˳պǡ
ŶԭˣһתǼϳ˵˵ҩι°ɣ
ԣѺҲû¶ٲɵɫ
ȻҲţƾһˣܶԸôޡ
˵ʫ˪ɱһ룬ͻȻϵʫ˪ȴ˵һ˶ѡ
˵꣬ѺִӻУͳһɫƿշУϻžµͼơ
򿪷֮󣬺;һŸѴ磬Բĺɫҩ
˵Ʒҩת
״Աߣѩ÷ǧ۾У¶֮ɫȻûת֣ǿ֪
ֵȼĵҩһ˶ǰʮϵĵӣͨӶûлõġ
ڣȴԸΪ˾βԹȥʫ˪óȵҩ
ѵСʦãҲôһɪ֮룿
ҲлŮŮòɲţټʫ˪츳ôڣͬǶǰ֮һǰ;
УڵŮӾôλò츳Խܳʫ˪Ҳʲôֵ顣
˶ûйʣⲻǵ飬ǣҲðĽʫ˪߸ѺѲԸ
ϧ˶ûⷽ뷨
ȻöתͬѰҲûж룬ֻ΢΢˶Էһ֮󣬾ӹԥιʫ˪¡
ԭԥԼϣûд㹻˵ҩֻʫ˪һʱѲ
ڣоˮͷպãôһƷ˵ҩȻԥ
οѺʫ˪֮飬㷢ԣһжֻеʫ˪ѹԼ
뵽ˣιµҩ֮ʫ˪Լϥ£һɵҩ
ȥ֮󣬴תҩӳ֮Чһһػָϴʫ˪ȫ
Ƭ̣ʫ˪̡һѹ֮ȴĿãĴһܣѺѣѩ÷ǧڣʱЩɵصǳˣ
УȻƽɫȴһ˿Ȼ
ȻˣȻݣԼеĿ꣬ҪԦȴûеõͽź
תϵۿɼٶȻָǿԼֱӡ
״תͷԱ߿ȥȴ˷ˣĹѨԭĸӰѾȫʧһƬģ
棬ƺƽ֡
״ʫ˪ɫȻˡ
ĹѨԺҲûܽȥˣԦУҲûõ¶һöԺ󣬾ɾ졣
ԼٵõԦֻڤѪİ취Ҳա
ڶѨУֻһնɱʮͷн޵ĳ漴һɣ˹ȥ
ιȥ󣬺ȴȫδȻ֪նɱһգҲöԦժ˵ĳ
뵽Լı£סѾǼҡ
Ȼ׷ʲô飬ǵյ£ܱסѾʮѵˣԣҲܹ
˭֪ڴʱƺѾ֪뷨״΢΢һЦȻһճһȭͷǰһΣ΢Ц㿴ʲô
ʲô
ʫ˪ΧߵѺѣѩ÷ǧһЩ⡣
Ǻǡ
ûֻǵԼ򿪿ġ
ҵģ
ʫ˪һһãȻ˲뵽ʲôɫȻü
ոΪƳδָĲ԰ɫȻһ㵭ĺΣѵ
֣忪յָ漴Ϳһöӡ
Уƣϸȥܿһζ
ǣԦ飿
һ˲䣬ȫûôܴǧУȳԦҲһԭ
ֻ֪ԭΪԵټĶһĶǰ
һ̣˲䣬Ȼͬ޹һ㣬ѡ
ȥԥһ£̧ͷվԼǰʦܣⶫǸҵģ㡭
Ǻǡ
һЦֽöԦƣǰƣһԥֱӽ˶ԷУ΢Ц
ΣҶûб㡣ƾһĲ㵱ұξıɡ
ҡ
˵΢΢һЦοԦڵʯңҲҵ
޵ĽսҲҵԴȻУȻһˣǽ軨׷Ƿġ
ʫ˪˵ˣöԦ飬Ƕļ壬Ҳд֮ʵ޷ܾ룬ڽ¡
ллллˣʦܡ
˵ҡҡͷðΣȡã˭ȺûйϵӦ㡣
ڣ㲻ԦҲ͸ңԵǰεжˡң´࣬Ƿһ顣
˵ʲôֹסҪٶ˵ˣǰ漸ΣҶԵʻᣬ߶ԷΪѣų֡
˵ε飬֮ͣûжΣա
βͬðΣգȵңΪҶԦ飬ңԼļ壬ûĴ
˵˵ЩԵξĶ飬öԦ飬Ҳ򲻸Ҫˡ
ʫ˪ִ֣ʵ˵ԼʵûðΣգǻ췣֮ѡ
뵽췣֮ҲҪƹЩҲǰ֮ڿڵĶգ˼죬ʲôҲû˵
ˣɣʦǷĶ飬һһ㣬ڣǻ˵˵еջɡ
Ȼ൶ѺѲ˽˵


266 ֮Լ
ȵһһƷ½׵պ絶
Ȼ֮ǰ˵̽ѯԷĹ֮еջ񣬵ҾãбҪ˵һ¡
ΪѾлȥչأá
ҳһеջѧպ絶һϵݣһǣͷִ֯һɫ߽񡣡
Ȼǰ߼սѪǰߡ
˵꣬Ŀʫ˪ѩ÷ǧϣڵϣǶܲμӣʱһǰ߽ս
žһεĹͬ̽գǻ֮䣬ѾһĬ
Ǹãţң˸߽ս֮Ҳ
˵ֿ꣬㣬ʦܣȻֻð벽ѨΪţҲһвСջ񡣡
λȥܾͻѨʱǽСӵʱϣΪһӣҲܼǡ
ǵʤ㣬ң㣬Ҳмĺô
Ҫ֪Сӣɲһˣܽģڶǰȫߣڰˣھţ˶١
Ҫһ֧Сӣһ˵飬ҲһΣһΣҪһ꣬꣬꣬꣬һδлᡣ
ԣһĬû뵽ѺѻͻȻ顣
Ҳͷ΢΢һоˣٲϽͻѨȷЩʱˡ
ܹôǰֶѲڣһˣûͻѨ
ʣµѨӣôʮռһС롣
һС룬Ҳͬʱˣôʣô伸ˣټһҪʱ䣿ٻԵ
ֻ֪֪ܣһλᣬҲΨһĻᣬõĻᡣ
ֻǣձѩأô죿
Լˣ֧СӣǲҪֱӽɢ
ƺ֪뷨ѺֱٴοڵȻѧһպ絶Ҳûô򵥵飬Ҫ£ϵʱ䡣
ƷԶǰƷɱȣҪվõĴĥԣ㹻ʱ䡣
ͬҲǻȥԼ˴ûԵĻᡣ
ʱڣʦܣǼλѣͬͻѨҲͬӭǼ롣
Ȼֻ˵Ǹˣǲܵһ꣬꣬ãΪҲԼ顣
ˣ꣬ʱңһһټɫжǺʱУڴڼ䣬Ϊ
ðɡ
ԣɫ˼Σڵ˵ͷ˵
ȻʱȣҺãаҵʱ䡣
ꡭ뵽ԼеôѨ޵ʬ壬ټЩʱ֮ǰ׬ȡļʮɹ
Ҳˣ㹻ԼˣڱżУһΣεĻˡ
ͻѨҲ֮Թˡ
ô԰Ϊڰɣ֮ٿǲҪ롭
οʱ䣬˭֪м䣬ֻᷢʲôأ
֮ԵĪ⣻֮޳˭Ҳ²ⲻ͸
ʱ䲻һδ֪
ԣҲֻܰķ

ʵҲЩ𾪡
漴뵽Լ˴еջʵԶһĶӣҲȻˡ
һʱ䣬ܽջȫգʱƾ˵ټһЩԮδûɫϣ
ңаʱ䣬ʱҲͬпͻѨʱֶһλѡ
ڣѾҲСˣǿǿһʮֹķʽ˲ɱͷѨֶΡ
ֶΣ˿֮µģԣǺԥţʱΪͻѨĸʣ߳ϡ
ʣѾʮֲˣֻҪʲô⣬ȵģʱѨϵս
ңɵӣսǱƽ֣Ҫ߳һȼģοҪȰ֮
ԣʱֻ£ѨڵӣѨ۷ӣһսˡ
˾һϣС
ðɡ
գһͷȷѺѵ顣ָһ£ŷɢȥ
ȥ֮ǰ֪ʫ˪Ԧ飬ѺѻõƷ½׵պ絶
ѩ÷ǧû˵ԼʯĹеջ
ң֮ǰӦѺѵҪ붼Ԫģ˵֮£йȥ
ţǸˣԼ˶ԡ
պ˱żȻ֣ҲùˣȻ׺䶥ȫʬ
ңһ֪ؽ׷ɱݡ
˶ףô⣬֮£˻õջʵǼֵ̫ˡ
Ȼţգˣû˵Լ׻ʲôֻÿϵЦݣͶ֪˿϶ҲԼջ񣬶ջ񻹲С
Щջ漰Ʒǿر߽ԼƷ
ÿһǱ֪ؽһȷѪ꣬ǸסԣҪıܹǱҪġ
ң²ֹ磬ʹŸ߲֪ˣ㲻ǰջȥҲҪӡһݡ
ȥооʹʹãʱ򣬻ǣ˵ˡ
ԣһԪԵҪ󣬾ԵʮбҪˣ˶⽫й¶
պһ˱֪ôˣҲõıԼƷóȻǣ
˭ôùҪԼıܹʲô̶ˣܱ˿ǾֻܹԼܲϣȡ

̺ߣʫ˪Ѻѵ˷ֱ֮˸һ׶صϵӡǡ
ϵӡǣפأѪ֮ϣҲƾӡǿ֪˭ٻǣϵǡ
ԣʱ򣬼˺ʱϵʲôҲܻͨ档
漴˾ֺֺԵҵһǣһ𣬵ȴֵձѩˡ
˿ֻǵ˵ͷʲôҲû˵漴Ҳûжʡ
ֻҪȫѷģϵɫֻ֪ջ񲻷ơ
ˣǱĹѨʱҲᣬΧٽйһɨ
һЩȽѰҵҩȫѰ˳ѳһѣҲһʲСɹ
漴ó֮ǰڻսУ췣֮ɱͷǵĿ꣬ɫޣֺ֮ʳʬļǣһ
磬ͷʳʬɱˣ
˼״Ǵϲȫû뵽ƾһ֮Ȼܰɣ֮ϲ
ǣ˵Э
ԭˡ
Ľͣ˶˵ͷû˿ɡ
ϾҪ˵һ֮ǧУɱͷѨʳʬǶǲŵġ
˰˿ɽѴﵽѨĶӣһԼǿֶΣҲͲˡ
ˣ߰ɣǻȥȽ񣬽˵
ûж£ֱӵ׼˻ع顣
ãð
˶ͷͬӦǡ
һΣ˳Ҳһβ̵ʱˣȡɡ
ټھֺȡôҩ˵Ļõɹֻ±֮Ѱʮ죬µջҪߡ
ټϣ־ôմ̼飬ǵȷʱҪȥһ£ȷһ£δķƻˡ
ϾѪӵϣһЩޣѾһɨˡ
Ҫ񣬱֤׬ȡɹֻ£ҲҪ죬ȥѪ
βĳߵȵطˡ
ȥЩطͺʱѾﵽѨںεڣʥԼڣʥսУԱ
ҪǣԷУһ¼ĶӣѪеڶĿֲڣܾ֡
ԣҲȷҪú̽һ£һ£δڣӦֹˡ


267 ֲջ
֮˻صפء
ȥ¥ӵһ¡
ɫ񣬶Ʒ׶ͣɫǣһɫǡ
ɫǻʲôһҪ뾣ֺɫ񣬼ʹڶУҲڷǳѵˣԣջʮַḻ
ɫһ˴ǧٶɹһɫǣǧҡ
ԣ񣬼һܺ;ǧ˰٣ӽǧĵز
ְЩϵĲϣȫ
һͷѨޣܣܹǧɹҡ
ʳʬԭӦΪ󣬿ϧΪյֻʣͷ
ңһݣҪϽţΪƷԣֻʣͷļֵҲǺܸߡ
ϾѨм޵ǣԣջһǧɹҡ
һһܹǾǧɹңӽǧ٣Լһ
Ⲣǽ
ڶһͷϵĲ֮ȴڶһ̨ǰĿĿ£óһ߾ѨڣѨ޵ʬ塭
Ӱޣǧɻ棬ҺףҹͫèӥɽףϣӰȸè
˵һ̨ǰһڶһߵȴһڵӣӣձѩˣҲһ㵣𾪣⡣
ЩѨʬ壬Ǵġ
Ȼ֪ڴ֮ǰ̺һսУɱ˳Ѩڣޣ
ĹѨУΪʫ˪췣֮ɱͷѨޣѨǲ
ȻΪѨȫȡʹֻһݣҲԾˡ
ɹʯ֮ϣСӺɹ֣һ·Ծ·ֹͣһ
һȺΧǰ棬۲񵥵ڵӣӣĿ࣬һƬϲۣԼ۾
һЩŴͣҲ֪˵ʲôֻ֪һϵСʶ
ӰѨޣʬ屣ãֵ1800ɹ
ޣѨޣʬٹ룬Ҫϲʧֵ1600ɹ
ǧɻ棬Ѩޣɻ˿߽ױ׵ıرϣֵ2300ɹ
ħ˪ùѨͷشֵٶ٣ֵ4800ɹ

ȥСʱ֮󣬹̨ԲŮͷ󺹵Ľȫ塣
óһŪƬ̧֮ͷһ𾪵̨һˣһ36700ɹһ£ûд
̧ͷһۡ
һó˴ŶʮͷѨڣн޵ʬ壬ƽÿһͷҲͼֵһǧǧɹҡ
ʮͷӽǾûдˡ
˵ͷҲûϸ㣬ֱӵɣǽ㡣
õģҸ¼
̨ԲŮ˿ҲҵһˣܹһóôѨڣ޵ʬ壬һˣǴһƬɭһ
ÿĶ飬һȺˣʹΪ£Ҳҵı̬
һ֮ȷϵԭĸֽһɹǧһ46000ʣɹǣʮǧ
˻
̨һƬ
ˣɫף־۵һȺˡ
ձѩˣҲЩ𾪣оͷεģ֪ôصԼʯҡ

صʯ֮ã˲ָ
Χһ̧ͷһˣڵһջ񽫽ɹ
⣬̶ֻʮջ񣬶һ㣬ǻûóĲݡ
Ϊ˱ע⣬鷳һΣǽױݵʬ壬Լҩ
ȫһȥֻ»ջųʮɹ
˻
⡭
ԣֹձѩˣǲɵһЩԼĶ䡣
ʬ壿
дʮҵɹ
ҩǶ֪ģΪǰһ˹ͬժ֮⣬ʣĴ󲿷ݣȥҵġ
ʱЩҩֱǸԵĴУҪóȥһʱһ
ʬ壬ȴĲ֪ġ
ղţһֱ˼ʣʱûˣձ̲סڣһ磬ǡһƬɭְɡ
Ǻǡ
ԣֻЦЦû˵
治̸ˣԲŮ˵ûǲֹǴһƬɭ֣ңֱӽһƬɭ֣òֱӸˡ
ԺѪӵϣҲžֺɫˡ
Ǵأڱ˵ǶӣʵСһЩڵӣҲԼҺͥԺˡ
ΪĹص£κˣңԪģҲǲˡ
ӵоӡǱ˭ЩԵĿ£ԣգҲֻܼһЩ޹ؽҪ飬˵˵㽫ҹ
˼ԸᣬҲʶȤûʣֻǽɻĵס
һ£Ǿ͸¶һЩǣϾ֮󣬻Ҫһδļƻġ
ԣգԥһ£ȡ˵Ĺ֮еöƷرˮ壬ǰһ£󣬿ڵ
ھֺ֮Уõһö壬а˸ˮ֮Ч⽫ͻѨ
ԣҪǣԼˣκ˶Ըߣ𣿡
˵꣬ɫ࣬һɨǡ
ˡ
ˣȻ֪ͻѨҪԵѹʲô
ԭȻﵽ벽ѨΪͻѨʵһֱնǺܴ
ڣеķˮ壬ֻƾϢԼԼоеĲͬΣʱ۾
ҿ
ձļæ˹ȥ
ЦЦȻóͲˮ壬ܰͻѨҲܰձˡ
˽ͻѨֻ֮ᷴ
ңҲ˽ȥΪ˶֮ˣȥ󣬶Ҳûô
ԣһٶõĺ£ˣȻܾ˹ۿ
彻ձ´˰ֳ֮ڵǵɹѾﱸòˣҾãǵʵûдﵽ۷״̬
ڣȻѾȫżһУǲûоԵİգһܳɹ
ܳɹһʧһΣʮɹȫʧһΣʮɹǣⲻ𣡡
ˡ
Ŀ⿴ˣ֣ѾڽһУһ𣬼Ŭɱޣ񡣲ĥΪҲԡ
һµʱ䣬ŬʵԼĻȡһ۹֮ǰﵽ覵ĵزȻˣȥżͻѨŻ󡣡
ǣʲô뷨УҲһ¡
ûôᡭ
ʵΪѾﵽƿ覣ҲûжԶҪһôԶ
ģΪձǡ
˲Žװ벽Ѩûãȣ㣬óȻȥͻƣɹĿԼСʧܵĿȴǳ
֮ںľ;ʧܣ˵ԻӰ졣
ԣȻԸ⣬Ҳܹڼ˻û׼õʱ򣬾Ͱȫȥʧء
ԣһµĻڣǱģҲһҪȵġ
û
ˣȻûԼæͷ
ףΪǺãмô
ֻǡ
ձһе壬ڵֻһöˣһУô޷Чã
Ǻǡ
ɻЦڵȻ뵽ҵľǣˣһͬǰż
Ȼ˷Уһһʱ䣬ڶеʱ䣬ˮͽ˵ϣɹ
֮󣬲ܳûɹǶٻûɹ׬ɹȥֱȫɹΪֹ


268 ʱ
ˡ
Ľ˵ձҲ˹漴Ц
ˮȻֻһöȴܴﵽ϶ã˶ܣΪȫ顣
ˣһͻƵʱҲԾԸõľ壬״̬׸ͻѨ
ãȻˣǾϢʱ䡣ٴγǰѪ졣
ֻǣѡ죬ǻҪһ¡
ĻձѩͷϿɣ漴˼
Ƭ̣һǰߵ
ѪСͬĵɣǣÿһ첢ȫһҪģ죬ҲͷУβ
ͷѪӵԼβߵ
мѪΣյĵطһֻжӲŻ롣
ѨߣѨڣ۷޶в١
˵па벽ڣҲ׼Ĺڡ
ͷѪӵ˵ӽĵطŻɢ졣
βߵǱѪӵ΢գֱԲһճ̶Ⱦеһ졣
ޣѨڡ
һᣬ֮ѡ˳ߵΪǵڣʥܾˣϡ
ϾҪǰżʱʱڣʥ˶ϣӰǽļƻ
ԣˣͻѨһ
ʱߣҲһλѨӣʹж棬Ҳ̫࣬һƴ֮
ӵ췣֮飬ǲ֪ȻҲ֪ʹھͶϣҲûһƴ֮
Ȼʣµ췣֮Ѿֻʣˣ򲻵ѣòҪá
ԣΪӦδӵеգԼżǱߣֵܳıûסһԷһ
ˣҲͬͬǵľûͻѨ֮ǰʱڣʥˡ
ѶҲûʲôˣظݣȴһγ

ʱš
תۣһ¹ȥ
뿪ţսѾȥ˸µʱ䣬ӽһꡣ
;飬ڸĹִһʱ䣬ˣҲдꡣ
갡һͨһжٸꣿ
ͨˣҲо˹ķš
ػϣ絶
࣬ҲһջǾ޴ġ
ֹΪҲԡ
ձڴﵽ˰벽Ѩ۷زôҲǰһ覡
ֻһ죬̤Ѩż
ԣҲøӼ̣ͣԶһǰմӾֺʱɱȡ
⣬ջɹҲǿϲģɲġ
֮ǰѪӵʱˣջһʮҵɹ
ΪҪපצڶʽԼѩαˮһֻࡣ
ֻʣʮࡣ
ȻǴν񣬶һһʬʱһջǧɹֱ˶ʮ
һ֮У;ֻص¥Σ½½ԼӾֺУõЩʬ壬Լݣȫ۳
գջ˳ʮǧɹ
һʮһ
֮ô࣬ҪУһƷ͵ҩ졣
Ǻ;һƷ׵ݡ
ݼֵʮŹ׵㣬մڱʮһҲɹ
ƷһҲ˶٣Լһݣռķ֮һ
޲ϣʣӴݣŲռķ֮λãȴǼʮϰٱ֮ȫܱȡ
Ʒ״ԽϣԽƷҩֵԽߡ
棬һݣֵǧҲûпܵ顣
ֻʱӴ־ѣʹӴõҲס粻Ӵ
ʮһɹСĸ˵֣󣬽˶֪ڵУƥͷֱ׷һЩʢĶӡ
ûһڵСӣȡ
һ֮УָĻص㣬Ѫӵǰ˳ߵ񣬻ɱޣϽϡ
ΪѶȵ޵½½ջ˳ʮǧɹ
ڣ˵ĺСӣһӵʮǧӽʮӴɹ֡
˴ԭɹףɹһһ˰١
֮ǰһ֮ع飬һջɹСӣɼʮ
ٵɹͻ࣬мԾʮ
ֱмһڣ˵СɹͻƶʮһԾ˵ʮǰʮҲֻһ֮ң
Ϊһõңֵǰʮ塣
ڣΪʮɹСӵ˵֣һĿĿ£ȻɱɹǰʮΪ˵

Ҫ֪һεڵһڶУպġƽ̶ǰɹϵҲ
ڣСӵ塣
ڣʥսӵ
ģ˵ĺСӣеߡ
еڣʥսӣֻ򣬽ɹ
ڣʥսӣѨӣһѪŵڶĴڣǰ˵ġܾ֡
죬ڣʥսд˳ɼΪ֡
ˣһѨûУҲ׷ϣȴ˺Ȼˡ
ң˵Ѿһңɼˡ
ֻҪ룬ɼʱԳԽ
ЩѾΪѾʰȴһ֮żˡ
գȴС
뵽Լ֮ǰ£ֻɹ׬׬ֻһɹһɹСڵһǧ˳Ц
ȴڵɹߣλ֣ҲԣЦ
ЩɹҲȻˣΣҲ٣ԡ
ѹȥδͻѨǣֽӭĽأ

ǰʮ죬˻صפء
壬ʣµʱ仹࣬ȴδһûмǰߵɱ޵Ĵ㡣
ʱ䣬ҪȴͻѨԼƼɵһ̵
Ѩ磬
Ԫ̫СһЩֻҪԸ⣬˾Ϳ̤
ֻгΪѨſ磬ӵԼһǵλһЩԼñ
ڵȴһЩʱ䣬Ϊ˽
һŬһзܶһΪ֮Ѫ֮£ֵõġ
صפ֮ˣϢ
һССӳ׺ϲϲ֮ƹϣĳСӣģмУҲһͷ
ڣʥսвɱһͷѨջķᡣ
˵ӳڣʥѾҪһƷйԼľˡ
Ӧѩ֮ϣʳһű۹ɹѨ۷徳磬ͻƵѨڣԽһеڵӡ
ڵڣʥжУ˷ͷһ
˵ѾʼҪѨڳΣѨжνļˡ
ٶȣˣֹڵӣҲͬһЩڳϣ𾪣׷׶ӦѩͶȥ޵Ĺâ
ǵģܲĽǣʱܻΪһС磬Ҫ꣬ʮꡣ
Ӧѩ飬оƿڡ
ųΪѨãѾͻĸС磬뵽Ѩڡ
ǲͻѨڣѨ۷壬

뵽˶֣˳Ĭ
ʹ̵ϣٽɱȨ棬ûлɾͷ
ϣӣڵӣԭпܳɾͷһˣԭӵһס
ڣױϣ˵ϣ
ΪӦѩ飬Ϩϣȴȼ
ΪǴӦѩϣ˿ѷɫ׵Ǳ츳
пܴףΪϣлᣬΪһӡ
ʱҲ󣬾£Ҳ˵һ

ЩϢ˵֮֮Ľ֮ĮȻ֮һϢĺ䶯
˵ʮһȣһΪܳ۷һˣҪµѡˡ
һʮ꣬УΪ͵һȺˣ˳֮Ϊߺ
ǱΪһʱǿϣ֮ǡ
ڡߺ֮ǰһʮ꣬һȺ˱֮Ϊ߰桱
һʮ꣬һʮꡭ
ÿһʮ꣬һӢűʱһȺˣƵʮ꣬Ѿ۷壬ΪǿеĴ˵
˲˵ûʶһʮ꣬һµĽҪվʷ֮˵֡
ʱڸı䡣


ʮһ ֮


269 ż
ˣ˭Ҳ²ⲻˡ
ϴ󳱣˭תأ
һʱ˭վ۷壬ӭӵǧ˵Ļ
գǿγɰǧ裿Ƕռͷһ㣿
ûܲµ
һõʱҲһʱһرʱ
˭վ۷壬£
ڴ

˵ս֮ٵĵ֮ڣڵˡ
һ죬ˣȴûг¥ڡ
ǣǰˡ
ǰһ졣
ϾҪǰ۹ỹβ룬ûʲôˡ
ңΪڣʥǰ֪Ϣ赲Ǹûв۹ıҪ
񣬽ԴﵽΪ۷״̬ǣӵʸǣڶһϣԼһħ۵һ˾ɹ
һħ۵һŹ׵㣬Ƕʮʮ
һ˵֣ѹͨˣܹ
ЩҩͻѨıر֮ҪҪø߰һЩҲǿġ
ϾͻѨɹʲô
¾ڣʹգԸ
ˣԣֻֻǧ֮һ֮һļʣһɹĻѣҲǳɲõġ
ңߵʱԥһ£ΪԷһֻͷɹһһ
Ҳһһħ۵
ͬбż˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô飬᲻ʲôʡ
;ԲһûͻƣֻһѨǿ϶Ǻڲ顣
һҹΪԷһһҲӦ֮塣
Ҳɹڵɹ㹻Ҳô㡣
ң˵һκѳɹһȫɹ滹ѩء
òϣϵʱԣҲ
֮һ仰б޻
󣬼˾뿪פأһҹ·ۣһҲķȥ

սΪŴ
УڵǱȽƫƧȽƽһ
ǰĴȴսϣѪս
Уһָʵǰָһ֧Сӣ
սӪģڶפԼĳϣ㽻Ϣ
ʲôսҪЭϣҲЩϵϣ飬ϱԼ߲㣬¾
ÿһȣ˴ţĺϰҲУٴ¡
˭ϰ˭âҫĿ˭һĸţӵеɹ࣬ϰĵ࣬λǰĸŵĵλ͸ߡ
ǣɹ֮
ڣһȻҲ٣ôҲղˡսӸ٣һֻа֧һ֧
ԣƽʱɹΪһŵĲգǰʮ㱾¡
棬ںϰ֮ʱԭǰʮĴڣһŲϡ
ԭǰСӣܵǰʮǰʮпܡ
ʱɹٽǧ֧飬ڵӣˣһμӾ޵磬δĴơ
ʱЩû̫Ĺϵġ
ɹϰ񣬻¶һʱ䣬ǣǵһ굽ƺɹ֡
ʹھʮɹסģƵ׵ʱ򣬻ʣʮɹ㲻
ԣɹϰ˲û̫ģǹעģһڽżᣬжҡ
ڣһԼǧӵڼˡ
УĶǻԪ󲿷ǻԪУڣһϣڻԪ۷壬벽Ѩǻͻơ
ͻѨģ󣬼ʹڰκһڣҲǵĴڣʮһ
ʮԪ۷壬벽ѨĵУҲһѨҲǳе¡
СһЩţţ󣬵ӱУͻѨĴڣҲͶʮˡ
һЩģ¥£ʮˡ
ģǰĵţ칤ɽаɽ꣬ڡ
Щţʮ߰ʮѨ
Ҳư١
ڼҲλѨӣĻԪУɳСòֵһᡣ
ҲǣʮʮһĴڡ
һЩţܵʮһһЩţʮʮһģʮһ
Ҳ˵ʮѾڷ˽У֮ӣŵĻԪӣѡ£ܳһλѨ㲻
ΪѨʱ䣬д
ԣҲѨӵԭ
ǰڣЩסδϣЩˣмҲǧ
⣬Ѿ½Ϊ۷ˡ
ڸϵķǣҪԵԣ󸣵£ǻۣȱһɣпܣӼʮУϰУǧУӱһ
ÿһǷë۽ǣݺĴڣǰڵһƽˣĿ
Ѩ۷壬һߵ
ԣУ۳Ѩӣоǧ߰ٶˡ
ЩˣǻԪûͻƣ˵ҪͻѨĴڡ
ôĴڣʹȥһ룬Ԫڣڣɺڣ۷壬벽Ѩô࣬ǧˣҲˡ
Щˣȫȥһ½ʮϡʱЩǰԤԼ
ЩˣһֱռżţЩڸųϵϣֻ͵ĵӡ
֪жѡ
ڣڴޱȼѵʮУȡҲУԵĵһս

ˣ
פصмѪģϣһأ·֮ۡ
һµڣʥ˫ͬԶһߺ국ڵ
Ѿˣ˵Ѿȥɹչǰżһˡ
ŵĺɫϢͬ档
ϢʮӴ󣬷ǳؿ£۾ȴһ˿ĳЦǶ˴еĿ֮м
ˣڲ࣬һϳǶУڰˣѪϣеڶĿֲڡ
ڣʥսӣѨڵģܾ֡
ڣʥ۵һüͷ漴ٴչصȻȥ˱żҲһͻѨǣһǲðա
ϧ֪һ뿪ˣûܺ׷ɱֻ
˵Ȼתͷϵĺ꣺ܾ˵ѣڱżǱߣ԰ң赲ǽżģ

ЦҾڱżУһʮɹͻѨ
µʱʶ˼λ칤ɽаɽļλ洫ĵӡ
ˣûͻѨȴһһԣΰռűż˶Ⱦָ
˵Ϊǵĺ̨칤ɽаɽһλ̫ϳϣĹԱҲҵǣκǡ
ܶʱ򣬻ҪǵķԸ
ԣȻ˭˭ܽǲ˭ܰ쵽ġ
ѾŸǣһŵţǻӡ
Ǿͺá
ڣʥصҲϣ⣬ȻѨ
ġ
ܾ֡˸а𣺡ȻʲУռ˱żһʱ䣬Ծɲͻƣǣ£ȴԿɿ
ټϣƾǼֻСϣҷãҷͷߣܵġ
ǳ֣ǱĿɽ칤ɽаɽϣͻƾʧ
οǻѨڣУʲôֿĴڡڣʥ˵ǲǣ
ǺǣǺǡ
һ̣ڣʥǺǶЦҲģϴһ˵֮ɫСڣʥУʹȫͻѨҲһ
УһǿţͬʱһӴϢȻ¶ͬ쫷磬һϯƬɽ
ɽУһЩޣܵΣգ˲۾ëƤըͬ˸߽׵Ĵڡ
ǹѹʹһЩѨޣҲĪ嵨
ڣʥϢԨ纣ΣȻѾܾй֮
ҲѨڣ
ڣʥӦѩһҲͻѨڣɾȻû˷֣
ͻƣǿ
ͻƣôܾϳԽѳѨڲ֪õġܾ֡
ΪʲôҪôʲôͼ
Ǻǡ
ܵԣϣһǿƣ۾һ£漴̧ͷԶУһǿš
ǲµġ
Ǿͺá
ڣʥ»ָƽϵϢһ˲䲻٣ȻֻصѨڵӡ
ͫ⣺ܻҪСһЩģС޴ǵĳﱸҲҪˣһɣǡͿˡ
ţߣȥˡ
ܾ֡Ҳһأ૵صУȻһ˵㽡

ͬʱʱţ·ۣʮˣڸϵһҲνսһ֮ϣ
۵ǰһϰ˾͸оˣȻͬϢڸɫʽѵĵӣС
ַһһؿɱȡ
ڵͷһ޴ʯǧ֮ߣա
һ֣ȻʾţɹѪ֡
ɹ񵥣һŸһΡ


270 
̧ͷȥҲɾ
ʯ̫ˣɫʯһֱ֮
֮׷һֻ㣬˫ޣЩ꣬Щʨӡ
֮Ͳһ׳£ݡ
ʯ֮ϣߵ壬ʹǧԶҲ
ǲʯ̵㹻󣬶Ӧÿ̻һԶĿ󷨣˸֪䣬ԶԺУʹɹ񣬲ܳΪ־֮һ
һ־ɹġ챮֮һ
ûϸ񵥣һǰģǹϵ󣬾˽⣬Ҳûʲôá
Ǳ첻ϵô˰񣬶ңһİ񵥻ûг˽⣬ֻǹȥϢ
ˣϢԶǵõһ¡
ɹ񣬵һƷ桯а䡣ţаɽɹ3615000
ڶİϻţ칤ɽɹ3454000
˾ͽмţţɹ2786000
а䣬İϻ˾ͽмˣÿֲɹȻﵽߵģӽİ򡣡
ˣа׵ġƷ桱а䣬΢Ϥ˵֮⣬ˣֶû˵
˵ǰУ֣಻֮
ڣǸоԼ̫ªˣԲû˵
Ϊ֣սпĵطȻڶ˵ûоҵ˭Ҳš
ǰʸԲ֪֣ڣΪսʸ񣬵һΣɹ֮ϣ˽⵽֡
Ī֣ţһЩϢһ֪
ֻаףаɽһϯӣƷ桱а䣬˵һЩ
ΪǺŵϯӣףټµϯӣڤ̬Ĵڡ
ףߺ֮ףųơ
ڤ䲻ߺΪǳ֮ˣΪ֮ţǰԣʱߺų֮
ĳսǻԪʱһ֮ϹկѨկ֣һһ𣬾ȳˡ
ġֿնɡƺţһ룬Ķűһ룬ɴ˶
ʵѨѨڣѨڣֻѴﵽѨ۷壬Ϊһϯӡ
ԣ
а䣬Ǽ֮УȽһ
ڤһҲǳߺ֮󣬲Ȼ˶˵ʵߺȻвףҲڶߺһĴڡ
ĳƺţСһ㺮â
ƺŵ˼˵ǹһ֮䣬ͳʲôҲֻܿһâ
漴ǰһУ͹ڼžΪˣѾˣ󿴼һۣһ㣬ԽԽԽԽǹâ
аǹ˽Ʒ桱а䣬ΪǹƷ桱
Ʒ֮ǹ˲࣬м˶˵һаµֻٴﵽƷļмСĿܣƷ
аľзѩһǹ˵ǹɨرɫ·ѩبһʱ£ѨǿߣûʮλҲаλ
һˣɹһҲͲˣĸԣȻս֮ϣȻܼ˳ɾͣ֡
ڶİϻΪ칤ɽ칤ɽҲһһĴţҲ֡
ΨһֵǣģȻǰ˴Уóսһڣš
һ󻹲ӣ˾ÿп޵š
ΪڣȻųƣ䡱ͬޣʣΪּȻҲޣǣԲӡ
ţԸͶߴţҲȥš
⵼£ŵż٣ɾ;˵ľ͸٣ƽҲһЩͼսϣǾ쾪Ĵڡ
ѹ˾
ʵǲǲ죬˾ͽмʲôˣΪʲô֮ǰû
žȻһ⡣
԰˴ŵӡ񣬻ֹͣڳϼǼӡаɽѪˣѪģͺ˰ƷӰһӰǳ
ҲǳϵĵΪһ⣬űӦѩ鳬ΪȻӦǵһڶ
칤ɽףͬӡ̡
Ǳ쳱ĵһΪǸĪ⣬ƺ˶Ҫǿһߣǲͬһ硣
ڳϣ¶Ʒеʵޱȣ֪Ǵķ
ţӡȴʵڲ˶ԷΪ׵Ůӣɴǰʮ֮λ򣬿¶ǲס
Էһˣȴʮֲɴɢ꣬ʡ
һֱƽƽ棬ȴͷͻ׷磬ڣʥΪףӦѩ飬Ѫ˵ĵļƥ֮һӦѩ顣
ţȻҲСﰡ
ʱеãǰСţֹзֲţɴʥ֡
ڣֶһĪĴʦ֣˾ͽмȻߵţò˴ġ

ʱǹЩʱ򣬲Щǿ󣬹ƣնһһڣȴñżڷλȻȥŬͻѨ˵
ѨûЩͬһ̨ʹ֪кá
Ҫ֪ǰʮģÿһɶ֮ģұ˵ǰʮǰʮǰʮǰ٣϶Ǹڶһ
棬˳ڵĴʦ֣ҶԼţ󶥷֮֮ģ봨ˡ

˺챮˼ǰߣȻȺдһȻ̧ͷȥһݱ뺷¾ʿһʨƻޣֳֳǹѲ߹ͷ
֮˷׷ױã˳һ˾ͺ׾
׾һƺִ
ǰڵģɹɭϣԱӣڶУ˶ѪʢʵȻ£Ա׾Ѳߣά
Ψһ޹ĵطһ޹ҲսӪĲҰܣʱĩһĴˡ
ԣƽʱפдӣټϸŵĳϣԱԼӣֱͭǽһܹơ
޻ͷ壬ַӽ̻
Ҳ˵һߣ֪Щ˲ǡ
׾ԱȻ࣬ǣÿһٶǰ벽ѨСӳѨһĴڣǡ
ҪǣʹܴӮǣҲûãΪߵԱ
׾죬ǼλѨ۷壬벽ĴڣػһԱ
ػ壬Ļмǿңܷϵһһڣ֮ġ
ȵȺױʿ߹󣬲̾µģʨǰ벽Ѩޡ
ޣƽʱܶΨֲȴΨ׾ܽԦΪʿÿһͷҲһɿֲս
ǵ¼ףҲȫαеСӳӳһӵ
±ǰڶҪСĹͳһľսһʵȴǿһм
ûǣһ͹ơ
ǰǰ
˶ھ̾ҿȵ뿪ͷϲŻָԭ֡
ָλᶫİᶫ죬·С̯ϣԷĳԷ
֮ﲻսһļУԲ٣һЩԭλͳУͨ˶ܼ
طͨ˸棬ȻǲֵܳģǵһΣսϣͨ˵Ĵڣûܺá
ǣҲҪһݡ


271 ϼӣ
̣ݣţ·һЩۡ
һ߲ԸɣȥɵĿӻǡ
޵ߣҲǱ꣬úܺá
޵֮ʿûһǼ򵥵ģһָ©һһ֮ͨң£һ֮衣
벻ﶼѡ
Ҳ뿪ԣʹӵٶƸǻµˣǺʵġ
ΪûбǸ͵ģҪ£Ǳ£ȻҲ
Ǽ۵ıҪȥֻҪããս޾ıԭ
˵һ˽ߣ˵׷ɱ;еЩޣ֮أ;ԲЩܹͨ˵ġ
ԣܻȥòЩҲ
һĿгһգԼһ˳ɹǣˣЩǿУΪӡ
ʱԼһҾͷˡ
Ȼ˶֪ϣʮ֮ãʮ˴˶ܹһϣ
Ǳһãϣ˶ȥ࣬ϵɡ

뿪ͷ˳ˣ˰ʱ֮ڿһ޴ĺɫǳء
ǳж
һۿȥɽգͷһֻϣվڵ֮ϣһɽ
Ҹɽ಻ɳǽһУȫ赲ǽ֮޷
һ߸ֱ֮Уȳǽ߳һķ·һμ
һöʯ飬˸ҫ۶ĿĹâ߲ʲϱá
˵һαѹ֮
һ֮ɭϿֲɭȻƽʱȻ
ǵģҲߵĽоǷҲ챮֮⣬ڶ־Խ
Уʮ㣬ڵĸ߲㣬ĴԱǾס档
ߵһ㣬Ϊʹãƽʱգ⡣
ֻս£ҪڼһУŻῪ
ֻһ֮󣬾е𾪣̾ǣǰ˶оԼСС
˳ˣڽǡ
ǡ
ǳǽ˼ʮӣԣǸһ޴ͭ
ÿһ߹ͭһĿĻƹ⣬ƹ£ܽȥ
ǽ£һ׵ʿŲ飬̲飬ʵüΪϸ
мϸĿԲܻýȥ
Ϊ˵޴ͭҲǷƷı
ޣ֮룬֣ס
̲ʿͻὫִ˸ҷԾ͵ظɱûκ
ޣǻֱӱɱޱȡ
ң˶ޣټϣ԰˴֮һƣŵľʿûΪǣ׾ͷǽ롣
ֻҪûʲô춯аƵˣǣǱȽ׵ģɢޣҵˣ鷳һЩҪ֤Ǽǡ
֮󣬵һۣоǣˣࡣ
ࡣ
ˡ
飬Ħ࣬һ䣬һ£д󲿷ˣܣлԪϵΪ
Ҳѹ֣Ӹץۣͨˣˣģǰ˴ţңԼһЩɢ޹ˡ
ÿһлԪϣûлԪܸսģ߲Ҳ
һ벽ѨһһѣѨҲв٣ʮܿһ
Ѩڣڣ۷ĴڣҲûУһɢǿ󵽿µϢ
ˣȻҲСбˣȴ˲ûûš
ҲҴ⣬֪ʮֲǵ飬Զʮֵ͵ǽߣųĵȸȥ
ǣ䣬׻ȸУҵǾӪ׻ƽסĵطȸǾǷڣԼڸ߲סĵط
ǼȻǣȻҪȥԼפĳϱͬʱҲҪϣš
Ȼżɲô׽ĵطڵӻõ㣬ţ׵㡣
һЩɢޣˣȴѶˣĹͣߵõĳЩʶ򣬼ʹٶɹҲȥ
һߣˣҲһ߹۲еķ顣
Ƿ֣˶֮⣬ڶɫǷ
ķ
ͬһسǣķָǣޣҩϡϽ׵ķ
̣¥޵̣ɽׯȵȣһǸޣսйصĶ
ȻʳסеȻҲУһ٣϶ûЩۣΪϾսǰߣǾسǣͨطܱȡ
һУȻΪ֧ԮǰΪҪ
У˻ˣһӶʿһЩ͹еڵӰ
ⶼľʿǲŻʹõĶڵӣмãҲá
Ŀĵ̾ǳǴ
̫ˡ
˽ģҪȥȸֻҪԽһľ룬һʱûߵյ㡣
ǣɸ̾ǵĴ󣬵Ҳ֪˶ŵһ֮ǡ
ѹǧ֮䣬ʹսٹգǣҲһֱǰڵģ󷽡
ڣޱ㲻ԽѪǰߣһֱ̩ɽΪȱǣΪ˵ֿޣϣ̫Ĺ
ҲŸоˣһģսζ
˵ѪǰѾԶˣֻǧľ룬ĴսҹʱУԶɽսɱ
һǰߣֱʲôģսˡ
ˣȻʱǿģͨҲûȥҪѪǰߣϸҪģ˭ԡ

˲֪ǣԴ̤ͷʼ㱻һȺüۣ·һȺǵ˶סˡ
ǿ´֮󣬴߹Ѹٴӻͳһ񣬿һۡ
Աĸ˵òԼͣΪдŸ֮ȷˣĸˣҪҵĸˡ
漴Ϊ׵һˣѸһ֣һˣǵķ򣬴һλУٵĳųһģĵۡȥ
⼸ˣһۣȥˣһ·뵽ȸķΧ

Ȼ֪ԼѾһССβ͡
Ҳû⣬Ϊʵ̫ˣ⼸ˣ̫ڱ仯Ǿþ˵ʱΣһˣԺѷ
ټûвȻøΪס
ʱ֮ڽȸ
͸ȫһˡ
֣Ĵʡ
ǸɭϣĴʡ
ͨ룬
ȴǳ޵ߣκ˶Ҵ򣬴̣Ҿġ
Ϊ޵ߵĵؽ磬һ֮أͨˣһӶֻεϳǡ
ʯש̳ɵĵ棬һḥ̂ʮֹ
ݣҲߴ󣬻ߺܣŻϢɭɭ
Сˮͬûĳ֣
ֵϺټˣģҲѲߵľʿż߹һ޵ߣ񣬰̧ͷʾһȵĵλ
Ȼֵͷ˿һһΣʮ׾ʿΧм䣬
֮ϣһϼ꣬Ӣһƽ
֮У磬һż¶һŹˣˮΪΪǵŮݡ


272 
ʹ˾ɫŮ˼Ů֮һ
˼ʲôûпˣʶһѾ״ޡ
֮βһöһӣӳɫϳɢŵˮĵŮׯ
Ҳһͨޣβ׺飬ʮֲһ
ңֻ²ͨΪޣһԵʹãֻαһ
п
ӺܿԽˣʧֻΪ׵ϼʿһۡ
۾Уһ˿߸ϣþλԽУ۾Уһ˿ӣƺ͵ɶͨˡ
Ҳ޵֮֮󣬾漴ͻعͷмٿ
ȻûаĸССİ벽ѨԪڵӷС
ѩҲͻƻԪˣĿǰԪ۷壬ҲԶٹһʱ䣬Ҳͻơ
޹أҲ֧ʿУˣݷǸ󣬸ǿɱȡ
Ͼִģ϶ʮֲҲûж¡
ڹ·˿еı˼ҲûжȥᣬϾһۣߣƽܸûнҲ޷
αȥΪһ·˵뷨ӰԼľء
˼ǰߡ
ܿ죬ڵͼָ£һر־Ĵݡ
ķֲСڡһĸǧ׷ꡱŷΪλڳϣҲλȨء
Ӵ˵ģǡǧ׷ꡱŷ磬˻ûʸ񣬶һλִͨ¡
óȨױţִ˲ϾܲǱ߹ģټȨȻ⡣
ǣܿΪ˰ţϾⲻǵһθ飬·
ĵظһŵͼͼбʾǰżķλ
ͬʱϣʲôѣŵ˳ͻԵһʱڣŻΪ
ȻԼ޶£ߴϵɹ棬鷳һҲᱻų𷣣̡
ԴˣȻ֪֮꣬л֮漴Ƿţ뿪
֪һ·糾ͣȵľһ죬ȲִҲûо
԰ͳڣָǰżķִŻȥ

ڣִµָ£ȻȻ㳯űŷ
ʱ֪ԭżȻеģڳ⣬һصһػɽϡ
ݴɽ£Ǳĺˮɽϣǳŭ棬Ա죬γɱż澰ӵֲ˼
ȻǵȻҲйȻ⣬٣Ҳоͽżԭ
Ͼɹϵ޵δԪӣǴӱΪѨδ޵Ķ
д漣ڸ߲㣬ȻϧһдۣҲҪػѨ
Χһλ벽ĸ򣬷ֹǰƻ
ƽʱȻǹټϴľʿԼӣаڳϵػټ󷨼ӹ̣û˿ʾţƵȶ
һʱ֮˲ų˱ţ󣬼żķȥȵʱ֣һɽ
ɽεĺˮɭ֮⣬ʹǧԶɸС
Ϸһ˿溮˿˿ƣͬɫˮݣƮƮҡҡϰգεΪ׳ۡ
ɽںˮ֮д𣬳ɼһ״ͨɫǧɣϿ˸Ļơ
Щػɽ󷨽ơ
ƽʱһأԱݣֹͨ͵롣
һΧɽΧͻɭϵĻݣʱĴ棬֮䣬һƬ𺣡
ڣȻֻͨĴɽɽϣʱðĺɫŨ̡
ŨϰգˮһͻΪɳʯ£ͬһ̻
Ǿ棬ûֹͣĻɽ緢ɵ澰ˣ˴˴طһǿġ
ˣ޵֮ˣ˾ۣȻ̾ȴȻη
ңҪҵıżУԣȻǼɽȥ
ڣٹһʱˣϵھɽ¡
ʱøΪˣܣһȵĸоϮˣֻ¸ܲˣϾҪ죬ñ
Ȼͨˣһ㵭֣ͷסˣȽӰ졣
̤ȥ
һУͬһ㱡ˮĻȻǽ˽֮УǰƺһأǽԲǰһ
ȻĿһɨΧĳ漴ȴֲ΢΢һ
ǰģʲôѨڣһ޴Ĺ㳡
㳡֮ϣűģڵĵӣһЩΣŮ
ЩˣһϢӴԪڣ붼ǻԪ۷壬Լ벽Ѩ
һͷĵڰнУγһݵСڰн˻ɡ


273 ̨
˵ǰȻһʮɵľ޴˽̨̨أʮ޴ӭչĲġ
һ֮ϣצһƽ𱪣ӱ棬һ޴ģѪɫġ֡
ڶģϻϻ棬һͬģѪ조֡
ģķ棬һģ̨֡
̨
һ˲䣬˶ˣЩ㲻״ʲô£
żԵγΪڵӣ๥ıȶ̨ˣ
Ƿ˲䣬Ȼ䣬̨һӰ·һһڰӰͳ˶̨֮ϡ
˫һȭسܵ˵칤ɽڵӣ۷ɵỪأָ̣
Ừأս㣡
̨ķս̨£Ƭ̺漴һӰ𣬷·һֻ׺ףֻһͬʮɸߵľ޴̨
Ӱ֣һѪһƬСɽӰ꣬ϵϢͬӴ󣬺Ȼһаɽӡ
аɽȻɡ
룡
Ѫ̨ԭ̨칤ɽӣɫʱһ䣬ܵһƬɽأ۾΢΢һݡ
ȻսȻûսĵҲһ̧ʦ֣룡
䣬棬ѪȻٲϻֱһ̤
ž̨֮ϣ·һըװ죬һѪȻɢ
Ȼ£ͬһɫˣ𣬷·һӭ칤ɽڵӡ
һץһšһɫε絶伲硣
аɽĺߵ֣Ʒ
棬칤ɽĺµӣɫһ䣬ҵһӣָ䣬ʱʮ˸ŵĴָɵ
һ˦֡
ʱৡɵһ֣һǰһһң뱼аɽѪµȻǰأ󱳣ٶȾȻͬ
칤ɽóЩɫɵȻԼĴɡ
ԼȻҵÿһǾƷһ޶ķɵַٶֿ죬ȷˡ
棬аɽѪµӣȴֻһЦ˫ݣǴһصаȸо
ֻ˫һţſĺɫȻһ䣬һƣǰ
ۡɫɵȫ䡣
һ³һֻֻ׺׵Ӱһѵ칤ɽµӵһУͳʺλȥ
칤ɽµɫȻһ䣬û뵽Է˿ķɵҪ֪ɵļʮر仯ûʩչأͰ;ϡ
Ҳʡ͵ĵƣ۾һ죬һ˦Уʣзɵһʣȫ˳ȥ
ͬʱһȻһźڹ⡣
źڹ⣬֣ʹ˷·һɫһ㣬ˮնˣһһʱѾ̨һߡ
칤ɽһصƷף
ɻӦֹѪµӿɡ
ǣ̫С˶ԷѪĺβ
ϾֻƷȲѪ꣬ںãԼѾɹܹ˹ҵһʱɫȻò԰ס
һֻ֣ͣĿڲλɢ˿˿ƵҶ
ѪһֻϣȻ߰öĴָɫɵÿһöһѾƳһƬ
ʱһһֹȥϣ»ƶĺ顣
̨ϵգһƬš
ãȻʣ껹ֻεصͷ䣬ʦ֣õõġ
˵꣬һ˦һöƳһӡ
Ƭ̨֮֮ϵöɫƲѪ꣬Ҳûжֱһͻص̨£аɽһƬӪ

ֻܵɢѾʧɫףЩʵĻͷһаɽӪķں޺һ㣬Ծ̨ص칤ɽӪ
ϹοˣҲһԣЩɵаɽӪ
ΪսֹͣҪһʱȻ䣬칤ɽУһ꣬ԾŰ˽̨Ծȥ
칤ɽڵӣָ̣̣
µӣؿһ޴㰵Ӱϸܿһ㵭Ѫ⡣
֮ˣ
վ̨֮ϣȻվƾ۵ǧٱ飬ͬˮпһˣ۾ķȥһһգС
۾΢΢һ칤ɽһǧӰӰǼ
ˮԭ˵۾ִһ죬׾ʧܡ
Ȼϣܿ죬һս̨һµ¥ӣУΪлգԷһͨ¹ǫ̃̄
ԭأһö͸ղ칤ɽ꣬ỪµͬСĺơ
öƣɫûȥٴһȭʾս
̨ǣʧڿƸǧӰʵϣˣһʧˣһջöƣڣһ̨ӻܡ
ûڣһöƣƮƮȻ̨ȥȻջ˳öƣһۡ


274 
ӣҲ˺͸һ飬ջöƣϣűһŵŵӻܡ
ӣҲһЦ⣬ջöƣ̨޾ɥ
ʵ峡ս̨ܶౣһöơ
ľ̰ĲΪԼս䡣
ȻʵǿӵоѹԵۡ
ĵ֮󣬶̨ϣֲ̨̨
һˣָܼһ㲻ʵߵˣܴﵽĵ峡縵̣֮ꡣ
ǺܶˣܸȥҪȥһöƣ޺ȥ
ˣվڴؿһĻ׵׷ʲô飬ﲻǱżĵطôΪ䶷ˣ
ףɵֻǿ˼ۣµ̨֮϶Ķֺƣйϵ
ңЩʧȥͺʹӣõˣܿġ
ֺƺҪֻǣ֪ʲô
ʡ
׾ʣˣĿΧһŵӣʵڵû̡
ţ
ŵӣһʮ꣬ɫ𪣬òҲӢ
ֻ۾λܹˣһָĵۣ΢һ
ýζҡͷԣͻȻ˴ţȻЩˣҪͷŭ⣬һͷȴȻ֣վˡ
ˣǰ˳õҲѿֻȴеģûϨŭı¡
ֻǣĿһת䵽ձϣȴ˲һ漴۾
ĿһɫȹԼ±ѩӹ˲任һЦݣЦеһ֣ڵӣָƻλʦǡ
ǡ
ֻһۣͿ˶Է뷨Ҳ˵ơ̰ɫ֮飬ֻҪ⣬ڵŮ¶̬
ֻҪǲʲô飬ͲʲôҪԷ飬ȻõĻᡣ
ǣһָ΢Цŵͷܵλڵӣһλѩ
ʦúãʦúã
ԣƻȫվһϣ˸ձֱӳ˹ȥ˴֣ȥ֡
ǣѩüͷһ壬΢΢˺벽Ƶ󣬶ڶԷĵط
ʦ֣
ЦЦһԣŵӼƻʱһ漴ԼЦ̫ˣε֣ЦǺǣǺǡ
ˡ
۾һղλʦܣңʣұ֪޲ԣ޲ɽûҼƻﲻ֪顣
ʦܼЦ˲ѧʮ꣬ɹŻԪھ硣ǣ޵Уֵһƺţа
ţá
ԣȻ֪Էһݴ˼߾ȹһ׹ϵ뷨㣬Ҳơ
ǣֱָ˵ǰĶ̨ʵǸʲôڣͻƵΪʲôûǰżȴֱɽս
ղţʱѾ֣νıżǻɽϿգǸֱľ޴
ѨʱһĹâתӳεΪ׳ۡ
صǣѨǴߣǴϣҲ˵Ǵֱţȥ
ڶѨ˲ûпٿԲ̨ףҪС
ôѨ޵磬ʥأżͻѨѳ
ڶɽŵµĹ㳡̨˽ǧɵľ룬ʯڹ⻬ͬ޷С
ڣȴ棬þ޴ʯľ׮һŵȣš
żһϲɫӣ߹ǰӹһ֮ϣ漴·һ㣬ȫֱʧڶѨ
ЩЩлᣬʸżİŵˣһǰ벽Ѩ۷Ϊûһǡ
⣬ɻУ˲ֱȥż£սʲô㶷Ȼ죬ʲôã
ѯʣŵӣʱһ漴΢ЦŴһˣʵİɣ
ţ
Էʻ΢һüڵʲô𣿡
ûû
Ǳˣƴ˿̼ƻҪˣǧģɫŮȻͳ˿ڡ
һ΢ЦװʮصǾѹˣΪֻҪһʱ䣬֪һֻиյˣʲôҲ֡
ձԼѩʱԼ۾дһ˿棬˲ıָǣʼϲظ˽
ԷĽܣҲף⶷̨һʲôڡ
ԭʮ֮ڿ쵽һŵӰҪ¿ʼˣϵպһ˭ܳ⡣
ǲǿӱͿˡ
ûһӣܹף˵Լȫں
ΪֻΪŵͬУսǵʸ񣬾һĪҫ
ʮվǣ߰棬ߺ
Щ֣һ׹ʹȥǧֻ꣬¶˼
ڣ治ѾΪŵ֧֣ϣţһλȨ
˵ÿһʮ꣬еţ䣬֮ӣֻҪ䣬۰һ
ҪľͻѨ͵ż
Ѩﲻ߶ģҪ˵ѨҲΪ׵Ĵڶѡ
ԣһ꣬żİڵӣˣӹһЩɢ˸֣
ÿˣͻѨ뵽һ֮ҫС
ǣôʮƽʱҪͷѪοַǳʱڣ
ǣøսսΣһееʵĵӣˡ
ʱгϼһڱżͱøΪˡ
ǣˡ
˭ܽ룬˭ܣ˭ʸ˭ʸ񣿵ô㣬˭˵㣿
˭˭
ǣһЩ̶Լĵ·ȥ֮⣬ڸ߲㣬òһأƽϢɢ˸֣ԼǵĲŭԼ
ǾǶ̨
ڸ߲㣬רŴӹ̶ʮУȡÿ£ȥᣬֻҪռʮöɲɹС
֮ǰ̨֮ʱĶֺơ


275 ΢΢һЦĽů
٣Ҳʮ֮һ
ΪҪǣǣµͨʿһȱڣЩûᣬ벻еˣһ׷ͨ
һƬʱЩûϣɢ˸֣ҵӣ϶Ҫ£ڣ٣һֻᡣ
񣬳ǻȥƽ췴һ
ƶôǧ䣬ֻҪͨϣʹͨһ񣬿һֲƽȣǣͨɻعƴֱӷƶһ
ֻҪһ߻ᣬǾܻúܿġ
ǣΪ˺ãǾʹˡ
ΪӵˣĲɹǾ͸ǴشЦ󷽡
Ϊڸ߲ô顣
ԼĵӣҪ֧ɹܽ룬ôܸͨʿĺš
Ȼͨʿû֣Լң϶Ҫʧ
һеԭ򣬶ΪĻȡʽ
Ҫ̨սÿˣҪһöϵ
Ȼʧˣûóǻᱻʮ겻ڡ
ʮ겻ڣôͻѨϣȻûˡ
ʹУһʮĲ֮ٴǰôˣż˷ǼΪ
ҪȻҲƾյȥȡģҪɹȥȡġ
һɹһһö
ʮɹҲʮö
Ҳ˵ڶ̨ϣʤʮһ䣬ܴһνĻᡣ
һٶʤһҲ˵ҪӵʮöҲʮɹ
۸񣬱˸߳˶ʮ
˭£Գ̨ϣʮսӮһأ
ԣյĿܣҪʮʮܴչ
⻹ʵǿˡ
ʵˣ˳ʮɹϧ֮붴ţֻýһĶգҵһС
ջᣬȫˮ
գֻлȥɥʧ־ȫޣһӣͻѨĻᡣ
ʵĲпᡣ
ٲпᣬɻòμӣΪΨһĻᣬҲΨһͻѨĻԵ
ʹƴͷѪһЩˣһܲģ̨ϳ塣
Ͼÿ£ܻô˻ɹ
ʵ㹻ǿһɹıǮ㹻׬ʮö
軨ѣȷڵҪ١
ԣȴ˲뵽еһѯʵЩڶӣƾĶ׬ȡɹ𣿡
Ǻǣ˼򵥣
ƻԣҡͷһЦ֮Աǣڵ˼򵥣ͨôܵˣ
ЩڶӣһѨϵΪֻҪʲôҲÿĶһջϰɹ϶ûӦս
ңڹ涨ҲѨϵ³ġ
Ѩϣ벽ѨҾʵ࣬˭Ҳ˭Ȼڹԭʵие͡
ǡڻһ涨ֻҪμӶ̨ĶĶҲûл;ʸ񣬶ңգһȥһöͨƣ޷»ɵȼɹ
ԣҲ˵μӶĶõһѷá
ԣ˺ϣܴ;֣֮٣˭ҲμӶĶġ
Ͼôڵӣˣɢ֮ʿмʵǿĸˡ
һսܣҪòʧпʧԼɹ
ˣ;ģһ㲻ˣҲͲܴ׬ȡɹһ˵
ֻЩӣòʵһʮʡȥɹŵӣЩû·ɢ޸ˣͽŻˣμӶĶ̨Ĳ
һԣʹһʵǿˣҲҪһ£ܴչơ
ܶˣ£һ꣬Ҳղ룬Ǻܶ˵ı
Ȼ
˵ŵµӼƻȻĸߵ
ҲһЩˣ;ⲻͻƣ˶̨׬ȡƣȻ󰵵ͼҪ붴Ѩɢ޵ӣ׬ȡɹ
ֹ飬һ֣ᱻسͣûƣɹȥΪΣԣһֻڰС
ƣһҪСģܣЩǺη׼֮ǧҪǣһ͸ϽԶԶġȻ֪ôд
ܶɢ޵ӣΪ˴ˣʮöƲһɹɹĿʷϣҲĪʧ˲ٵӣ鲻ڸ߲Ҳֻе
ԣǧҪСġ
ֻҲֻĸ˵˵ˣ򲻻ߵġ
飿
ԣҲͷһݣüͷ΢壬û뵽⿴ƽ͵Ҳ顣
ǰǰУ˾㣬ǧҪ˵Щ˵ע⣬ҾͲˣǧǧ򡭡
˵֮󣬼ƻһڣЩԼ죬æ򲹶ǧһ£ȻЩη壬ҪǧҪˡ
ԴˣЩЦЩĺ
ô˵һӺ³ЩˣĲ򵥡
ҺãˣҪ;ԣ˵ȥЩƣĶ̨Ҳμӡ
ˣֻ֮һЦ漴׷֤ŵӣָƻһظȻ󣬼æ߿ˡ
ƺ˴ýύɫŮջҲҪˡ
һĻɫΪأû˵ʲô
һת׼ƹߣֱӴһߵĸݣϻɽǰżſڵǼǡ
ڴʱ̨֮£ĳһ򣬺ȻһµӣһݣԾ̨˲һƬ˵Ŀ⡣
ĽůҪս
⶷̨̨ȴѡԼսȻҲֱӵգָĳս֮ˡ
Ҫսˣһ㲻ʲôͨɫ붼Щˡ
ЩָսģΪĥԼ似Լٵеľġ
ȻղûʣҲ֪ΧÿΧôˣÿ˶ҪμӶ̨ġ
һˣǵһ̨ʵһЩҪˡ
ˣҲΪ˹Ħ˵սԼľ顣
ϾһЩŵսԼһЩƾУ쳣ĳ棬ҲԼͨӸ
ģûһߣԼľѧ߶طܶĦһ㣬սϣҲѧϰΪԼʵһݡ
ԭûʲôϾ֮ǰսҲöˣǣ̨սˣˣȴԲɫ΢΢һеĽŲʱͣվһԣפۿ
ΪǺȻ̨֣µӣ°·һдĵ֣·գȻһӡ
֮һ塣
ӣ󶥷֮һкϷˣ
ձȻЦ
ˣȴû˵Щء
壬⻹ˣһοϳ
ǿĿǰֻһͻѨһңڰ벽Ѩǻ
Ȼʹֻǰ벽ѨЩҲС
ÿһ֪˶꣬Ѵﵽ۷壬иָĹʵС
ǶСĽҪָսˣȻ򵥡
Ƕ̨¿ȥҪ֪ܱԼһսĽůһʲô
Ż̨һƬţ˰ΣͻȻȻ
˾ȻҪսһεʮʤǿ֮һĽů㶺𣿡
ף˿ĵӣһܳɹ𣿡
΢΢һЦĽůǿǱɢ޵УΪ͵һأ̨˵ս𣿡
ϾһŵĶӣͱȱ˸߳һأĵҲһϵİƷһսеÿˣ
˵۷׷ףʼʱûӦ
ǣ̨˵ʱڣһſۣͷľɫˣվ𣬿ڳԸ
漴һݣ˷·һֻȻųĴһɿ磬ʹͷ֮ϣԾ̨
վֻ̨֮֮΢΢һЦЦݣȻǳʧȥɫ
ٰڵŮȫһԺһðǵĸоĤݡ
Ṵ̊գӶǣ̨£ԶΧ۵ˣ޲΢΢һݡ
һЦݣȻħˣʵڲ򵥡ɢ޽磬ܳĵ
΢΢ü۾Ҳ֮
ӶԷϣ˻ӰӣȻǻѾ豹棬¯ĵزһһУһһ̧ߣһ仰һЦУƽ˾Կ
ƽˣҲüĵߣң壬ΨһĻõˡ
ˣʱŨҵȤˣۿø


276 ռ
һڵĸۡ
ۡȸͷһûʾݣϣɷϺ֣칤á
칤áǰ˴֮һһڣ칤ɽǵķֲ
˿̣ۡԺһ̻Ի͵Уˣʯˣ̸Ц
˵˵ţ֪˵ʲôȤ£͹شЦ
Ȼһˣűߣء
ʼʱ˾Щ죬漴뵽ʲô̧ͷ˵ͷ
֮ϵˣһ£а֮ɫŨصɷ֮⣬칤ɽһ洫֮һ彣߿
һˣһѪɫŴѴѵѪƣͬһ㣬аɽһĺĵ֮һӡӾ档
߿һ˲ԭЦ֮ɫɫɭͦͦڵ
ӡ
ŻˣŶСĹϣߵԱߣӣҪҵˣѾˣڳżķȥ
Ȼ
ٺ١
˶һۣаɽѪ˵㲻ܾôύһ񣬻ôصĳŵ
ôʲôڲ飬ƻ˽żĻᣬǶԣʮּ򵥣
ӻ־͸ˣջһѺôõһսѵ飬£ֵøɣ
ԣһԵĺ˹߿ҲЦãȻҲ˵ˣǾȥԸɣţǼĹ£Ӧ֪ô졣
ȥɣ
ǣ
һ֣ղŽˣ˲ٴοţ˳ȥѸٵĴһصͨűżķɱȥ
;УӻУͳһСŷһֻë̵룬㲿һССͲ

ɽż£㳡
̨ϡ
Ľų̊Զ̨£һƬž˶ϢԴ
Ͼƽʱ뿴ֵȼսɲʲô׵飬ʮ¶δܼһΡ
һɵĶ֮һһɢеĲţ߽ս⶷̨֮ǿǿײս˭˭ӣ˭ʤ˭ܣ
û֪
˶ڹע
ʹƽʱһЩ۸ڶһսмһ˵ļڵӣʱҲǲɵ¶˷ܵĿ⣬̨ϡ
⼸ˣлӶ̨ϣջʮöżİڸ֡
ƽʱ׳֣ǣܴӵµսУƳĽůһЩӣһЩƣϣҲҵ֮
ԣ˶ڽŵȴ
̨µ˽ţ̨ϵȴƵᣬӣ̨ɫһҲҵһȭ󶥷֮һ紵Ӧạָ̃
ɣ
Ľůû˵̨֮ϣ˫־һֱڱͬԶȺɽʽ֮
Ҫ̨μӶĶڷۺͷĽɫ
ÿ
Ϊ󶥷֮һȻֻڵҲǶӣƽʱǧܣܵȴ̼
ȻĽůʹȻȴܵСʱѪӿһȻӱһһ˳ȥ
ѩƬƬԣӦõһȻʮ֮죬쵽ԼУдĽӰ˵ߡ
Ȼ·֮ٵһĽůȴֻ΢΢һЦ΢΢˲ӣͱ˹ȥ
Ȼûһ˿ƵģһŻӰվ̨֮ϣ̩ɽմƬ
״ӦøŭˣңҪ֪СҵĴۣ
ৡ
һʮལ˳ȥڰ׳һһɭǡ
ӦõУһ΢෺ĳ͸һɴ̹ǵıȻҲһα
ģǺѩеǱˮмơ
Уȴǲŷὣǣطָʱ侲ֹѳԽһУ۶Կֻܿڲ
Ȼ˿ٵĽĽů˿ɫֻ£ư磬ƫ֣ƺۣҲûκγ֮ȴڼ䲻ݷ֮䣬ܹӦ޾Ĺ
ӦԼЩأգױͨ죬ŲѾɢҡ
Ҫˣ
̾һ૵صȻЩԸϾԼŵĵӣ˾ǰˣǿóģҲΪڡ
˵ҲûãΪܿҪˡ
Ȼ
ٹƬ̣ûĽů֣Ӧþ򷢽͸֧һԣĽůֻ΢΢һӣʹ̨߳
̨£һƬȻӣŭɫȴ޿κΣ𾪵Ըӡ


277 ȭ
ôܣӦʦ־Ȼױˣ
Է½Ƕûһ£Ҫ˵ʹһжžѧ
⡭
ŹսĵӣҲһ¶𾪣漴ǿ̾ϧȻҲû뵽һĻ
Ӧ⶷̨ΧڵУҲСбǣȻĽůһйûбƳ
ԭ뿴ĵƵˣһʧȻ̨ս󶥷ӣ䳰ȷ
һʱ䣬Ӫߣӣʿȵס
ҲüͷŤͷԱߵȥ
ڵܻϤһЩǰʶġ൶Ѻѣܾ֡޻ڡѩ÷һ⡱ǧȣԭʶʫ˪˽⡣
ں棬ϵ͵ļӣȴûôע⡣
ȻСͳ󣬲ںڴ˲֪Ƶ˽⡣
֪˼Ķ߽͵紵ӦãǶλϵ͵ĴڣЩ½ĶӣӦŵڶʮһżġѩ罣Ҳǰ벽Ѩеһˣû뵽ȴܵô졣
ʮŶ
˵ͷû˵ܲµӦڰ벽ѨУĲˡ
Ҳ𾪡
һֱΪӶ˲ĴڣֻʱǾһĿ֮һ
ڣһλΪӲ֪꣬ȻڶУнϵͣǣױˣǲš
ͺʹжѴڵһģ΢΢ҡ

ߣӪһɧ֮һ뿴ͷɥҵġ紵Ӧã˵ǵغӦʦ֡
ԲҸҶˡ
ֱУλӲ΢عһЩͬʬ⣬૵صߵһ¡

һ̾ϢȺ֮Уһվ˳
ȥɣ
λӣ·ɽһ΢΢ͣƺǳӣüͷʱţʮֳࡣ
ıҲһһһҲصĽһ˴ȴϸɽĽ
ɽ³ǣ󶥷֮һеʮߣڳʮλѨ֮⣬ǿĴ֮һˡ
ԭֻ˹ĦһЩڵӵսģû뵽ҪϳΪӵʸֱӽż
ǣ˿̣ܴ죬Ӳֻվ
³ǣս룡
һݣԾ̨Ҳ·һ̨͵һҡһ£ǰѺɽľ޽ͲǰĽů΢һȭڵ
ţ
棬Ľů΢תһͷ۾΢΢һȻҲ֪˲ǡ
δͻѨĶӣ³ǣǰ֮У˵ǵһΪ
ʹҲСơ
Էɺĩβ紵ȫͬն
룡
һüһ죬
أ
³ûԥ͵һȵ棬ըһ̳˳ְǰľ޽һȥ
ûκλ࣬ûκηûκεһһ֣˿ɽѵأնɽӵĸо
ġ
ġ
ǣȴﵽһַ豹棬Ľůͬһʽķ豹档
ǰƷնɽ³ʦϳˣǸĽůû³ˡ
³ǣ³ҲߣȴΪģڿ죬ʱҪ
˵ճڵʱһɽУ꣬ȳѾΪһҰˣὲ
ĸڵҪ۷԰æʲôѴҲ岻ݴǣ
Ϊӣ뿪󵽴ȥǣڣԾɲ׹ʹҲԼ˵һЩ¼
ɣ
ڣĽůˣһֱվ̨棬ֻƫһӣǲòãΪһ̫ˣһɽѹֻеűѹķݡ
㲽ڼϸ΢ĵ֮䣬߳³ǵĹΧѾ³ǵ΢΢һ̧ƣһͨȭ˹ȥ
ȭƷ½ȭһЩŵڵӣмУȴ·˻Ϊ
ؼ䣬ɫǣǵ㣬״ţȴֳΣա
Ȼ³ȴİ˵ģһʮᣬһ׾ɣܣһ٣ȴһֱ֣һ˦֣еɽ·Űһ˹
ĽůȭȻȹɽҲնĽůϡ
һȭһ˭˭ɵӡ
Ľůһѧ壬θǧʫ飬绨ǣ³ǣȴһӲֳʬͷҲǺ޶Ժ˯Ȼ
״ĽůΣֻ㲽һٴʹøղŵֲʧԭأһȭȻ޹
³ǣһ֪ƣľˣٴ޽˹ȥ·еĲһһɽ
ѹ˰
̨£˿Ŀ࣬ŷɻӵĳ棬һʱЩ
Զվڱصȴ𲻺õԤС
³ǣȻվϷ磬жĽů֮ƣֱ񣬶Ľů϶û¶˿֮ɫһɴݣ˿ҡ
Ǽȭڴ³ǵڹյС
ʼ񣬳һŲɣЩпܴﵽƷϽ⣬ģȻΪֹֻùһƷ½׵ȭһľδ¶˲òġ
ҪǣмĻȴãֻȴǳȭӦУǴӺζΪλӵôǿʵ


278 ʱŪϣ
գûг֮⡣
³ȻǿɽؽúһŰһ磬ǣʱһһֹȥȴ
ʱĽůڶˣֻһ̨һĽůΣѾ³ǵǰʧ
³Ǹоã͵ĸ֣ʵڲóټϣĽůֵĵطʵǳ֮⡭
Ȼǳͷ
ǵһΣĽůһʽȫһָ
ֻһָȻ࣬΢΢һ·𻨶һ껨꣬ᴹ䣬³ǵԴ֮ϡ
飡
һ·΢³ǾȻػ£վȡ
ɫ԰ףĿ飬ͷ֮ϣһֲָӡðѪ
ûںֲһѪ֮ЩεЦЦˣǸ
˵꣬һö̨ϣתڵм䡣
һӣæȥסİ͵ҩ͵ҩвˣ̨ϵĽůŭĿӡ
ȻĽůȴ˿ͷĿȻԶȻղʹһǾУ˷֣ȴȪʯ紵Ҷ˿ۼġ
̨ʮʤǿ֮һȻ֮
Ŀ˸һ£˼һ£ƾʵʹȫҲʹ˰
췣֮򣬻ʤĽůңԼֶΣ֪Էûʲôصĵƣ
֮һСĶ֡
ˣ͸
ΨһĹ۸УҲǵһͬȾУоȤѹĶ֡
ǰ绹̫СˣڳϣһЩڵĸֵӣҲֻǶߡ
Ķӣûе
ǵһΣ£һˣûʧ
ĽůҼסˡ
мӣΪλʦֵʧܣȥսȻַսĽůһƵᣬ˭ܵӡ
գͽ¼ƣеȫʧܶأ£ߣȻ
붯ѨĵǰֻûһĽůĶ֡
˰η壬ղŵļѪȫʧˣԷһԼ˵ĸɽʱԭеСͱֳ
ֳ˼ЦȻȴûܳ˶ʹͷ
³ɫѿȻ˾ǰˣάˣҲɿκΡ
ӦãʼգûһͬǣҲԭһ˿ɫ
ߣձŭӿβȭͷһ̨ȥĽůһϸߵ͡
Ȼڴʱһִֻбס΢΢ҡҡͷֹ
ڻʱȻҲͬܣԷһսǣһ̨ǾͲƾֶνżòʧ
ܻлģһᡣ
ˣһոݣΪԵû˷ǣʱ˶𾪵С
̨ϣĽůһۣų̂ս΢̾һƣһݣȺУ˼֮󣬾Ȼֱˡ
ֱӰʧ˲һеѹʧеӣ̨˶ս
ǣǰսʹپʵսҲȻζգݲݽˡ
ʹŵĶӣ֮ǰЦʱҲʶĽůҲûаա

ڣһոݣƬ̺ˣ˸֮ϡ
Ⱥϡ٣紵ͬʧأǶԼģֻͨҪͷ¿һۣƾҪŵɫ԰ס
ʹձɲģȻߵǰסһŭɫղΪʲôסң
һۣ֪еŭ𣬵ڻʱ
ʲôʱʱձŭʵ
ѩЩη䣬һ˦֣˦һߣǴδй顣
һЦ뱨
ձ˵ͷ
ҲȥɣӦûûԶӦûü
⡭
粵ֻԽԽŭֱȥһãȻҡ
ͷȥȴǧɣգֻһЩͨľƬɵİš
˵һ̾ȻҲŵɫȻһ԰ףңȻץס䡣
Ǻǡ
һ죬û뵽ձ첻µز£ղĽůսˣھȻΪϣŵ³ӣʱЩЦ
˶㣬ʹ޵Ҳ⡣
ֻ޵־϶ҪͨǿһЩѣҼʹ£ڣҲˤ϶ͨ˸ǿҡ
û뵽ձȻһ΢Ŀָ֢ѡ
ղʱ򲻾ãǻڷŭûʶģǧ꺱
ҲûЦֱԽӣǰȥձһæϣûҪȥѰĽůսˡ


279 ʱŪ£
Ƭ֮һˣһǰڣ˱żڡ
ýǰܸѨ֮ڣгֱܳɭ䣬б˪ᣬʮֹŹ֡
ɫ⣬棬ӳյöǰվļˣɫҲͬͿϻʣһĨɭ֮⡣
ǰһˣ֮ǰһʯʯ尵ĺߣÿ֮ϣһצС
Сʽ֮ɫֻȴƬɭɭצſһ
һۣ˾ϳߣһڴ˵صĹ£ҲǼݣȷ˭ʸ˭ûʸż֮һ
ܴһ̶˵ڵӣ˵ˣУȻλȨء
Ŀ΢Ȼó˾̣񰵲أ֮һŻƹ糵ְ㲻ת缦ӣȻѨǿߡ
ѨǿУҲĴڡ

Ϊȵλģ룬ˣٶһ
ҲֻһܴﵽѨΪңܱɵȵطҪְ
֮ǰӣҲڰʱԻûꡣ
һ˰һʣһУˣߵһЩɿСһĺǰ
Ȼû뵽ǣ߿ǹоһȻƺһĨĪζ
ţӹǵƼţ֤ǵƣȻһ֣ؿڵӣ´ɣ
ʲô
˾һȫû뵽֮ı
ſƼ϶ǸǰңʱҲû˵ΪʲôǣͻȻûλˣ
ϣǲǸʲôŵƼţӦûԤλõĲŶԣǲǿ԰ٲ顭
Ȼɻ֣ȻƱǿǲɵͷ΢΢ѹʵ
ô㻳ҿǣ
ߵɫȻͬһÿ֮ʼżһʮûǣ۳ָɢ޵ӣҵӣμӶĶ̨Ҫģжʮ߸
ʮ߸˴ţһŴһ֣ƽ㲻ҪΪһ䵽
˵Цش˱żȻӦöռһÿĸ
ڣ칤ɽаɽڵȣפٵѹʧҲأҲһ
ˣʮ߸ƾ֣ʵĸСһ󣬾УСĲССڣΪƽ޲Ǽޣٶˡ
ոѾռˣһԣֻܵ°ɣ
˵ֱ꣬һ֣ǲм˵
˼״˵ֱָԼСڣƺͲΪŬûˣؿһǻŭʱ·һڶձ̤ǰһۡ
Ȼȴֻɫѿס֪ʱǱͻʱ򣬲Ȼûнżʸ
ҿ˵̹ȻˣҲûз˼ȻڱżԼ׳ɵĹأֻԼ˸֪ѣԲ
ԥһ˲ˣǲ˵һߣһ֮Ժм˼Բߡ
ڴʱ󣬴һŲ漴ӷΣȴɫһѱӣ˹
⼷ˣǰžöƣϳǹϰλã
ǣǣǣԭ٣٣λģĳΪλţԵȣ
˵꣬һԭ˵Ĳм֮ɫ飬ģִʯһᡣ
鿴Ƭ̺󣬴öӨıƣ˫ŵݸˣͷֺõ˺ңźңǰʮʯңרΪλԤģ
ʶ࣬ȥøһĵر
ߵֽ꣬ӹƣһԱߵһλ꣬һ仰ֱӴߣ߽˱żڡ
Ǵ֮ڣһŵϣ漴ȻһתȻڿն𣬳ŶѨϷȥգʧ
Ѩ֮⣬ˣһۣ۾жһ˿졣
٣٣ӣ
ǣ벽ѨĶУȻʶ˲࣬ٿһ鶥Ӱȴû˵򣬻ġ
ڵУͻư벽ѨҲ࣬ϤӲ֮ˡ
ңΪʲôԷƺλ߼ϤֱӳƺΪϳƱǰ㹧ɫиһ˿Ӹµζ
λִصصߣȴҲʮ־ηһλѨǿߣҸ߾ְ֮ȴССӣ𾴣ƺһ˿ֺã
ɺǰСڣֻǻԵʱȫͬ
ҪǣΪʲôӵۣȴʲôֵһ
ѵԼУλ֮һô𣬿˵
תͷ
ԼһʱģС󳤴һڣӣָƣӣһϵó
ȻŤͷʱȻҲ¶һı飬ԻȻûм˵ˡ
УʱһţЩоԼ˱ˡ
ող˵ԼŵǰռˣȴͻȻԳ֮ˣʱţʯôԼЩˣô£
ѵ󣬱¾ȻĸɣҲʵ
ڴʱԱһλ꣬͵طһ͡Ц߽˱ż
ŤͷȥȴֻһӰ
ȴλ꣬һӣȴ죬ߵŮӵ顣
֮ϣҲжѪֻͬһſѪڣ¶Цһ仨ȴһҲ˸оů⣬ֻǺ䡣
˿һۣͻ飬
Ȼ꣬ȴȻ¶˼Ϊ𾴵ɫ֮Ըղӷεġ١١ӹ
ʱ˵ЦҲû˸Һȳ䣬һĵӵıӰʱ٣ߣ
ʱ٣ףտٶȹ£
ʱ٣
ٴһ֣Ҳǵһ˵մУһһĳ֣żȻһƵء
ڴʱԱһֲª꣬ͷɥһ飬ԭ·ȥȻ֤ʧܣͨˡ
ĻУһȻҲһ֣˸ϣ漴׷ȥ
ѣѣԵȣ
ߵȹսǴȷȻе
ţ
ǰλ꣬Щɻػعͷ¶һЩգգ۾Щ㵵صǣڽô


280 Сࣨϣ
棬żڴ
ߺһֻ쵽£ͳһֻë̵ķ룬ϡ
ϵͲѾ򿪣һ˿˿ǼϸϸܵС֡
۾ʧķ򣬺ٺЦ˹ӣӹӣ𶴣һӣֻ¶ûˡҪõǵͽ軨׷͸ˡ
ϧֱ֪ʵ࣬Ȼ͸гɾ͸ˡ

ϡ
ʻæ̤ȥ׷ĽŲ΢΢һЦ̨֪ɷһ˵
Ŷ
ԣЩ֣ƺǻˣҸոͬܣеͬ飬ջǵ˵ͷ
ǾȥҼ˵ɣҼסǵİ׻⣬ȥҼ
á
ôԷùϵԥͷӦ
ֻͫһĨ΢΢Ĳ죬ڶԷ˵ļסǰ׻Щ֡
סȸпܣһҵһ޵߾סֻеͰ׻ͬ
ǾӪ׻ȴƽסĵطҲ׳Ƶͨ
ԷȻҪżȻûгɹȴҲһλ벽Ѩĵӡ
ĵӣﶼȱٲƸλôܾסǵƽ
Ȼ֣ȴûпڶʣȥһһоͶ֪ˡ
˱żҲ棬ˣҲҪصǣһס
沼꣬˿ٳǵķϻء
˶ͨˣѩҲǻԪڵΪ
һʱң˱ȫصڣڲꡰ顱Ĵ£׻һͨ񷿡
·ϣѾͨȻ֪Է飬һɢįӡ
ӻͳԿף򿪴ţ˽ȥ
ٵһһһ裬ҲԱ¡
һܣʮּ򵥣һҲһλ޵߾סĵط
ǽǴľмһŲӸ
ľͨľƴնɣʮּªҲܳ¾ˣ΢΢ɫĻѾϴøɸɾ滹һ㵭ζ
֮⣬ֻĵطһľӣһżªĳߣ꣬ûгСˣһɴΧ
ŮӾסӣֻףĸףǣã
۾һɨĵѾȻԷû˵ȻҲóȻʡ
֮ɨһۣڵªֻһˣд֮ˡ
˵֮󣬿һ۴ʱ䣬ٴοڵ֪λкңܷʣ֪޲ԣ޲ҪˣҪΪԻ뾡죡
ŶȻõˡ
۾һѾ˼ƽϣûᣬֱӿڵ֣ղ컨Щˣ˭ΪʲôԷ֮ȴᷢЦ
һƲȥţʱһλطʮ˽ԭסڲ࣬ȻöʣһԻ
Ŷԭ˵
¶һȻı飬漴ֱʮֵ˵İɣʱӶʶ
ʱӣ
һüȻѾƺ컨Ϊʱ١ɶ֣ʵûʲôӡ
ңΪʲô˶ֻҪһԼ⣬֪ԼģѵԼˣô
̣
һȭ̬ʮֳϿҵصϾҪԷ󣬼ȻȻֱѯúá
Ĳ֪ӣЩԾˣЩŵصߺ֮һʱŪߺߺУպá͡糵׿Ⱥ
У˲֪˲ΪУѾˣ˶ǵ֣ǾȻ֪
ʱŪ
һ£˲ЩԾˣʱŪôܣ
ߺ֮һÿһѨĴڣʲôʱ򣬱ɰ벽ѨҪٽżѰͻˣ
治֪Ƕ޵Ĵţ֪Ҳడӡ
Цһ£˶¶̵ı飬Ҳֱӿڵ󣬲һλʦ֣ôʹҲŹĴ
ǣ֮ǰȴڿϴⱻ˷ȥΪǵʦ֣ʵǵһߺУһˣҲͬһ飬Ǿߺ֮һ

һ£ĳԾˣ֪ʦڿϴĪʧȥΪ
ǻ治֪ߺ֮УһˣҲͬ飬ƺʦָ硣
⣬Ϊʲô
Ȼʹ飬ҲǰֱֻӵҲ֪ǵʲôˣֻǣλʱүˣǰʱ䣬һٻָ벽ѨΪ
ԣֽż±չأ׼ͻˡ
ѾͻƹһΣ˾飬һΣֻҲˮɣָΪѨָտɴ飬ϧǣȴ֪ʲôʱˡ
˵΢΢ͷȥЩ˸С
Ȼ뵽˸ղڱżڣԥܾ飬ӻмһˡ
ʱ·һ򵥵Ľ̸֪λ飬һλʲôˡ
ϣǵƽֻǺһλ󱲣ͻȻӵɸǱһλ·֮Ϊͽǡ
ֻǣλ֮Ǽ壬Ի͹̶ʮ꣬ûȻͣУȴһˡ
ֻǿϲǣһֱӵɸӵһСĻԵ벽Ѩ
ԭһమĽŮѣһСĹ֮ǼΪ
ֻǣɸҲнһ΢һɫ
λŮþǧ룬󣬲ӦͻƲѨ͸֣˵ףдһ飬ԭͰ̤۷壬һң
֮ԴӦҲǱһѨŮԼãɹҲ˽ڣؾܾǵ룬ȻӦ
ȴû뵽֮֮飬ǰȻֵһᣬٶ࿴һۣӻظǡ
Ҳǰڵӣõ˴ŵĸ߲ױд飬˭ᣬƾһССҼ飬Ҳܽż
򵥣ɽ£Ҳÿôˣɢ޵ӣڲٵλߵڵӣҲҪ̨ˡ
⣬ǵı
ԭҲûϣֻǣһģС΢΢ɬ
֪ܾ붴ϢԼŮѼʱʲô֪ԼŮѣԼͻƲѨĺب֮£ǲǻмһա
ͻѨɶ񡭡
ȭһֱǿڵľɥںԥüͷüͷ
״ˣҲҡͷ̾ϢȴҲ޷ʲôæ
Լڶ֮Уʱʵ޷ʲôԮ֣£ֻ취ٿͼ֮ˡ
ң˵ŮѶ겻ģ⣬ǻᡣ
οƾ˱żͲһ˵޷ͻѨ
żǰ˸õѨƷʸõѨѣǣûбżǰˣҲȡһĳɼ
ֻǿ˵츳ԼǷŬѡ
ǣȫ޻ᡣ
⡭
뵽ˣֲ𣬸ղǡʱŪԼŵʦ֣ͬ
ǣǸмԵɺ϶ѣǱͬһϣ
ͬһˣΪʲô֮޻
ӣ˲δǵĸҪĻٵǰȴҪҪΪʲôԭأ
УʲôˣߺУһһ⵽ǵĶ֣ˣȻˡ
Ƚţһο⣬ΣͲɺˣߣʱŪԼŵĴʦ֮䣬ʲôͬ߹
һʱԺ˼ӣˣȴһʱòüĿգֻա
λˣ˭Ҳ޷µǵɡҲû˵˵ԼʲôΪʲô˺
ҡ
뵽ˣ۾ֲ΢΢
ȻʱŪ벽ѨмĿܣٴͻѨָΪôΪȫʱʦ־һƱ˹һΣǲҲػ۷壬ٴ棿
뵽ˣģȻ
ɷϣеĿУһˣһģһ档
Ĵڣӣ棬嶼ֱͦһЩ
֮ܶǸղмһˣұ޵ء
ΪУûһˣܴʦ֣ܳΪĿУܴı־ˡ
ԣڶ̨£󶥷ӣӦã³ǣĽů£˳Цۡ
ӣȴûһҷֻлͷȥ
⣬ǲ


281 Сࣨ£
Ľů飬ʱŪףϣλСŮѣ硭
ƺЩԶˡ
ã˴˵⣬ٴοڷʵôԷΪʲôǱܣȴͻȻЦ
⣬ʱŪݣ֮飬ֻһʡ
Ψһû뵽ֻǣʳһ˵Ľѡ
ԷȻߺ֮һһʱΪļ֮һȷ𾪵ġ
ϣܻҪص⣬ΪʲôǻᱻĹ֮⡣
Ϊǿ·飬֮ǰȻ֪ż붴ʮֱ󣬵Ҳû뵽˵ġ

ǺһЦƺԼҲ֮һĻ΢ʱ
еɫڻеһ˿įڵǵһȻ֪ܲż⣬ҲӦԣްղǡ
˵΢΢ЦǳЦǼЩ߸ϵ޺øУֻҪĵطнףֻҪĵط㣬Ȩ
أʹһգҲӦöǣˡ
żǣô㣬ôһְѳ֣˵ҲԲһţôࡣ
ͽˮ㣬ǣҪΪ£ֻҪֵ̫Ҳһֻۣһֻۡ
ղţΪ˵ģһһǰʱһ붴ˣ棡
˵Ҳɫ΢΢ͷڻʲôǰҲмˣһΪԵһһ¡
ÿΣǵʱ򣬶ᱻ֪һտʼˡ
ת֣Ǽ£ְһŸ߲ӡˣһȥǲͻȻ򡣡
ԭǶԷѹͲǡ
ҪûˣҲֱӸ㶩һµҺţֱһ
һһ£ȵĶͬһ
һ£ԶԶĻϲȴȴֻ£ڴ˿շѹ
š
ղţֻǾЩ֣ΪԼȷòɣ׼һȥ
⻰Ŷʱ֪ԭһУǷܣ˵Ǵ򷢡
ɫȻ
ӻͳԼŵ飬ڵŵ飬ǼĹ£е˴ѹǣǸȥǳԲ˶𣿡
Ǻǡ
ٴЦ֪ÿ϶ģȻš
ҪǵǣԸǽȥղţѾˣڣҼ
ʱãʱûáʹŸ߲㣬мݵ˳ȻҲûá
ʵĹˣ˭ûЩִЩ⽻ףʱ밲Լˣռ˱˵ǲһʱһΣʱз
ԣҪʱҲֻãֻҪԼ棬ҲνԣʱˣҲϰռߣϰ߳Ȼˡ
ղš
һܣĵһۣȷʵû˹עߣŵղˣǲǶӣ˵ôӣ
ɻҡͷһЦҪ֣ΪǸͲĵӡ
¶ֵɫ˵һ˴Ϊ𾪣ֲȻŭĽǣУѪλӣӢܺ࿡
˲һӷΣɹö֮İµռߡ
㲻Ϊ׵Ĺ³ɣǱϥӣ
Ϊ󣬵λߣūžūţֻҪǻʼӵܣǰͿԸ߸ϣһʱԽȨһЩСŵ
żѲܣ˴ŵĸ߲㣬ҲΪʱҲҪȨֻҪûֿͲᴦ
ڣף飬˵ˣԷԸܾͽܣԸܣҲͺͰֽһţûʲô˰ɣ
˵һЦȻԼеǷҲ˳һֱ͡˺˷顣
һֽ֣м·ĺһء
ˣ𾪵ؿԷȴ˿Ϊ⡣
Ϊ飬֪˶ģҲΪ飬Ҳһ˿ᡣ
ڣȥˣԹˣײͷѪ֪ԭؾǹأ㣬ԷԸ͸Ը⡭ʲôҲǣ
ʲô飬Ҳûãǣǰ飬ԷžԲ
ɫȻµˣףԼˣ˿ˣǾͼˡ
տʼʱֻǾһЩ֣ڣһ鶼˹Ȼԭ򵽵׳˾ǿˣǺʵ
Լ˵ռˣңǺģȴö֮
Ĺ£֮ȴ˿Ҳаӣһ˵Լ


ǣ
һ˲˫ֶȻսָáǡ죬ؿһڵŭ𣬶ʱҵȼա
޲ھɱϱż֮Է
֣ձ˫ĿԲ顱һֱӾվ׼ȥ
ڴʱ֨Ȼ䣬ҵĴȴ˴ƿձ˵ɫʱһ䣬һ⡣
ձӸǽӲԭء
ڴʱһŮ˽
ֻһϮͨĲȹżӣϴĴû̫Ȼȴһɶصʣ
òּϸ֮£Խͨ
Ϊرǣӵһ˫ʮصӡ
˫ӣ·ϴգ滹һССǳɫͫףͬɫӵһֶصʡ
˫ۣһӾͶӡ
ɫ
ͫ
ͫ˵ǹ֮ʥˣͫŮӡ⻹һμжʱΪ֮һݡ
ߣǻˣ֮ǰᵽģΨһˣСãСࡣ
ձ飬ʱһһЦ
ܹȥȡ¼ͷľ޴ңС࣬ˣ
š
ŮǳǳشӦһ˿лվŮİˣֿ˿صֽмƬЩü
Ҳû˵ʲôֱߵһԣȡһҲھϣȡһöɨ㣬ϵֽмɨɨһߵһԣȥϴ
һϴףһͷҲ̧صˣôҲ˵һҺǰȥ⡣üλԵȣڼ԰ɡ
ãðɣ
տʼƺЩԥԼѾʼæµ뵽ղԼƺ˵ҪģʱһЦ
˵üһʱˣȻ֪ûԷʱˡ


282 ѵܰ
ٴ߹ԥһ£ڵҪǻ뿪ɡлֵܵĽĳɻȥѾ֪ôˣպлᣬٵ汨ֵܴ
˵꣬ŴŴȥ
Ȼȴסǡ
λɣԵѾ˿ڣǲ£
˵΢΢ЦƢЩ֣ЩҲı䲻
ƽԷģܿڣ˵ϿǡĶǷǳģԹһξǲڡ
Ŷ
ţԺɫԥһ£ٴҲãǾ鷳λˣ߶š
鷳鷳
˹ȻͣԭأЦݣҪԭһ򱶡
ǰĲ豭Ѿˣæ˵ıٴһ
СͷĹʵô

һ漴Ӧ˹ɫֱղóԵǹ˷ܾʧӰ١
ָ֪ʲô
Ȼ벻˱żԼ˻ڿͻѨǰȥȣȻҪ취
͵͵ҲģҲֻȥ̨ˡ
˵Լ˵
̨
ԣ˽ǲɳĬһ¡
ǰȻ̨֪ʲǫ֮̂ǰһʣվ֪һЩʲô
ڣǶ֪;Уֻʣôһ·ˡ
ֻǣֻʣһѵأ
ԼˣǲҲֻʣһ
·ߡ
̨ûôô
鷴ӦȻѾ˾Ҳ޺˵أҲԷеǣʵأ
ǣڿǡ
ԣһ£ڵ취һǺһ㣬ǰ̨μսǰִϸţûа취õ
Ǻ鲻ͬȨ޺̨Ǻ棬Ͼǰ˴֮һ
ִˣҲӲܣֻǣұ̫ġ
˵ˣˣйϵ˭Ҳ׵˭Ϊû׼ͻ󵽶Էʱ
ԣʹִ󣬳ͱ̵Ȩһ򣬺ѵõ
ǣһһأٰͻƵʱ䣬ôװ״ˣòʧ
ˣȻѾ˶ƣԥ
˵ͷҲǵ뷨漴˶ЩĬĬĬĺȲ裬˭Ҳûٿ˵

õٶȺܿ죬ֻǶ̶Ƭ̼䣬кСˣȻŽС
ţ̨óһö֮ĴָСƿһЩʻɫͣȹŰѲ˵ȥʼ
ɽ亣ζȴһص㣬˲䷢ɢ˱Ƕˡ
ŵζˣɱһ۾¶һ˿֮̾ɫ
ζƺĲͬΡ
飬һĻõľٶƺеۣҲû˵ʲô۾зһ˿ڴ
ǡ
ƺƿС͵Ĳ򵥣ʵ
Ѩ޼ͷͣõͲϣҲǿϲʹۣӳеġ㷻һСƿһСƿͼֵǧǮ㹻»ˡ
ƽö᲻ʹõģǿˣԲóΣҲһֻŹΣǵΡ
˵¶ڴĹâ૵صζһţ˵һҰǴҼңлմ⣬ȻƽʱöҳԵġ

ӣ۾Щ֡
ζˣֻǣķôóôΪû˶Щɡ
ֻǿǸ˷ܾղŽ˱żӰƺȫɢڴĻԣ˭֪᲻
Լ˶һۣʮĬأտڲԡͬʱΪĲƼҲһ˿ڴ
ӣʹѳԣҲѳԲȥ˵ôãǲУ֮ϲˡ
޵֮ˣȻԿڸ֮ôԣվں쳾֮䣬ֻҪˣôȫϾأ
ԣںóԵĶȻû˵ֿˣˣҲһԴһ棬ȴ
ŮǱæµʱҲһͷȥһıӰ˼
г˺档
С࣬һͨ֡
С࣬Ҳһͨˡ
һͨˣͨòͨҲ߱һ˿һĵתһ۲۵ͨˡ
Ȼͨǣӵһ˫ڲͬɫ۾Լһ·¶ڻĵȻ
ңһʱóЩ֣ҲóϵֽмֽͨƬѯʡ
ֻĬĬ¡
Թһԡ
һʮصŮӡ
˸ղҲ˵ԼƵҵס
Ȼȸǹ޵ȥǣȴǾûģֻҪǮܵס
ǣȴǳִģҪ˵Ϊأĸ׶ҪԶػˡ
ƽһǳ˳ԸȽˣǣִ޵ĸ綼ް취
ң˵Ϊ׬ȡǮƣϸ㰲ֵĺӣǣȴһǮҪԸƽʱģΪһС׬Ǯ
׬Ǯ඼У󣬷С֧࣬ҵĴڣʱһ¡
ˣˣſļң˲ơ
һͨĵӣһûκݱӰλˣȴڶ̶ʮʱ䣬һһĲͨˣ벽Ѩм˶ٿܹ࣬
ǼûʲôƣҲġ
ſţ۾ͻȻ΢΢ɬ
⿴򵥣һĻȴǶô顣ֵܣáԼԭҲеģϧȴɷƮȥĿɳ
Ǻǣ˵ԼӦĽǲǡ
ǣֲͷһվԼá
˵֮䣬ʮơһλֳһλá
ֻǲͬǣһһҶһȴһߣһͨˡ
һȻмվһĸףһȴ׸ĸ˫Լ
ԣֻͬͬǣĻ֮飬ȴһģ˿Ρ
ԼҲһλֵܣһλãжá
УȻ΢΢һʹ

ʱ䲻׼ķ˾Ѿˣ
򵥵ļСˣɽ亣ζɫ룬ֻһţһѬȻĸо
˳һڣǿ㣬һɶصζ˳Թһ֮󣬾Ҳ
ʱǲ֪ԭԲ飬ң˵ˡ
Ҳûˣζǵһμ
˲䣬һθһƣϣֻʣһƬǽ壬ԭʧ
ϲԼĲˣԵǱţС෴¶ĵɫԷ¿ӣǳԣǱߴһ˿Цݡ
ܵȴĵЦݣͬɽİٺϻľȴȻˡ
Թ֮˿һǽ壬Щ˼Ȱ˵£Ƿǡ
Ҳûֻ˵Եټ漴뿪֮ϡ
ͷһǼССģȴܰݵӣĪģٴ̾һȻ󿪿ڵѽˣ˼ʱɫ˵УżڷûȥҼ䷿Ӱһ°ɣۺߡ
á
˶ûֱӵͷ
ȥȸ
ձʵ
ԥһ£ֻͷһСӣȻˣǾס⸽һƽջʡǮ
ձ


283 ۵
գ˻ûΥ⸽˼Сջס
ȸȻɫһ߷֣һϸ߹󡣵ǣƽҲƽĺô
еʱôӡ
ӣƽ򵥣м䣬һ־쳾ȴȻһ죬Ȼĸоڴи豹档
ǼҪеѨͻƣһĺô
ֵ徲ң˴֮ҲԶ˵ʮ֮վڴǰһ۾Ϳ
ʣҲʱţǰȥѯǡ
ҪģҲǽ֮ˣҪסʲô߹ĵطֻҪи֮֮أ㹻
ҹ١
ǵϿգ˸˵ÿһǣһڴǰ汱۾˸
˼Ҳھ
֮ǰû뵽˴Ȼ˸ӣĸôӰ˴֮һˣҲ鷳
ĻףԼ˱˿ˣǲ֡
ֵֻǣʵûҪպõԼûʲôʧҲûô
Ͼ˶ŵӣûʲô⣬ǶͻѨģѣ޴
Ǳָʹߣ飿
Ŀ˼
ȫĻҲԼж˼ܾУ֣һ˹ǡ
ǸǣֲˣԣҲһֱ벻ͨĵط
Ȼ֪һУΪ޵Уڣʥеԣʱһͷˮɻ
Ŀ˸
ϱţ
һ˵ûãصʱ䣬ѵľտܵĳƤЩԥ
ңʹ£Σ
˼ųϣ̵ôΪˣһ뢡
ο˼ҵȷûôֻ˵һ
㱨ȥС£㹻ɽͣƣܱĻҲ
һߣдһ飬Ҫţʲôã
ԣôҲֻԼܽˡ
ǣô
һ϶̨ǣʵڲʡ
Լˣбּ⣬װףΪΣȻҪ䵽һˣ
ң̨Ҳûôù
ͨˣҲһͻơ
ȻƾĽůʵӦչһһαżˡ
ǣڵӣȴʧܶ顣
ĽůʵͨѨǿߵӣһЩŵĶ벽Ѩӡ
ʱղ̣Ҹտʼ˵йʮʤսټϸ壬ʤ峡пܴչʮö
ǣĴûгɹΪڶ׼˽ȥˣһͻ
û˭ܱ֤
ʹٴţҲףҪͻѨ츳ʣԣŬԵȱһɡ
ȻǰЩҪǵػܲܳΪѨĻ
ʱǺǰٷ֮һǧ֮һ֮һĻԵȴ赲סǵĽŲǳΪһӡ
˭ܱ֤һγɹ
ĽůܣʱŪҲܣձԼߵ飬
࣬ǲǶһգлˮ£շѹ׺£
ֻ֪֪޷ͣȥ
յĵط
Ŀ⣬˼ƣܾãûؿһˡ
ңҲס
ƾԼʵһνĻᣬѣѵǣΣΡ
أձأ
ǣеδˡϾ⶷̨£ˣʹһЩҵУԼɢ֮УҲоž޵
ɢ޵УôһĽůı̬пǰļӣĶ֡
ԣǿʤһ峡ʮϣ;Բ̫ܡ
ʹʵߣһõʮöҲһɵ
գҲֻ޵һΡ
һΣռʮöڵĽůһ⣬˶֪ǿʱһ̨˱ᡣ
ǵʱ׬ȡٶȣͻԭࡣ
ڶεĻᶼУҪ˵ҪΪձˡ
⣬յĵط
ΰ죬ô죿
ҹȥˣߣǳһֺգ˳¶һЦ
µһ١
´ǰһҹδߡ

ڶա
ˣ£뿪ƽй䡣
̽һϢʲô·ߣ˲μӶ̨Լ;һ·ûİ취ż
·һУкܶƯ糵ֽ𰣬壬˵ĵطѩϾŮӣ״ʱ̲ס۾һ˹ȥ
״ձһЦ˿ƣѵǸȤ£ǷһҲá
߽УʱʲôСԣ£һһҲң
ܲҲ˲١
һʱ֮󣬼˲ߵоͷǰǼʮƫƧŪͷ
Ȼһʮ֣죬ҲۣͷҲںɫ֮µˣȻסǣǶϵ˵ǣҪһöҪ͸
˵꣬ǰһʮƫƧӳȥ
ţ
۾Ȼһתݺݶˡ
һöôʮ򲻾ʮöպ۸񡣡
û;룬ǡϢֻ»Ķ
ȻǶǰƻ˵зյˣԣǵһ˲䣬۾
䵭һ֣ûȤҴ˰ɣ뿪
˵ֱ꣬뿪
󣬺˿ʧıӰɫף£һЩ׵ס
޺޵ضһ㣬һʧԭء
Ƭ֮ȸǼڸ֮ۡڣ᷿֮Уˣһ־壬˻㱨ʲô
ϵûõķǻЩʲôã
˵Ļ㱨׵һаĺˣһŭ顱һһ̵ֻĲˤǰ
ȵĿˮ˲佫˽Ų̵ʮˮݡ
ȻȴֻҧȥҲ̵ֿú࣬ײסŤȴֻܵͷڵأ
һĻһߣһλѪˣȻڵˣֺαǼȻֶν˱żȻûǵ壬ǡ·֮⣬Ǿֻȥ̨һ;ˡ
ҼˣȥǣвʶˣƽʱҲвˣͽǣһֱûǻᡣ
Ը䣬ͷǾͻԹΪǰ¡ʱǼ֪ߵغˣ˴ۣȻٻǹ򡣡
ʱ򣬾ͿֱԷдǼ̣Σһʹˡ
ǲֵ飬һ鷳϶ҪǸм㣬ʱǼµĺôҪһˡ
ˡ
һԣѪˣӾҲ΢Ц
һЦûеͷȥµˣ·£һ㴦һ
ˣҲһ˿ֻйŻʹЦû졣


284 
ˣ֪˴˿֪ܵҲͬ顣
ֻʶľãƻ˵ûЩˣ׼񣬲ֶ֮ˡ
浽ް취Զĺá
ңɹɭϣԽأһ֣ߡܵϳ͡
صģֱʧȥżʸ񣬱Σ
ʱ򣬾ͲҪ˵ͻѨˣָΪһͨˣܵá
ԣܽܵġ
ˣʹ۸ٵͣٿɣˣغ˹ʱǺԥİܾˡ
ٹһۼɫֻصƽ
ջͬһУ˷ֱʼ鵽׸ô
һĲãһ񣬷ֳ˷ǳ;йԼƾ֮⣬дֱȨ룬ߣֻܲμӶ̨лˡ
ֻǣҲзգѶȲС
йڽɣΣ̫ҪǣܶģϹػġ
Ϊʧˣв١ˣȻԸףðա
飬ѾȷΪͨУпֻз

ڣһôʦ֮⣬޿ɽձѩãûнţûб
ΨһЩʦǰٻһλ棬һĳɹʡ
ϧΣʦϱǧ֡ݺ첢δҾ㵽Ҫصפȥ룬һһأʱգҲ鷳
ôҲֻС
˶һۣ˶ԷеΡ
á
վ¶˾ĿɨһֱۣӿڵλѾ¶ˣտʼȥμӶ̨ơ
ͻѨôһѨڣԷе壬Ͳôˡ
ʱ򣬿ҵϣԷУǣֶΣżˡ
ûа취İ취ʵڲУڶ̨ϲҰܣ벻ʮö취
ߣдŻȥʦ
á
ԣ˵ͷֱӺԥص
磬㡭
ձѩֹۿЩ΢΢졣
Ƕ֪ôɲΪԼܴһ̶ϣҲΪǣǲЩж
ҡҡͷ̾һҪ˵ˣѶʱ޶࣬Ϊһմƣձɣǰż
á
˶׷״ӦձҲ磬ҲͬһȻ˵ʵȽϵͣӦҲöƣʵڲˣ
ʱõȽ׸㣬ȽȥȻٵ
ԣ˵ͷҲӦûٶ໰
֮ǰйľɰձȽϴ˽ȥ
ΪˮֻһöһֻһУ˲ͬ룬Ҫȥ
ձȽϴ󣬳ɹĿԾ͸ߡ
˳ɹҲģͻƵʱͻȽ˳һЩ
ɰձȽС˽ȥһȥʧܣӰ쵽˵ĵģħʱ򣬼ʹһɹȥԭϣȽϴˣҲʧܡ
ԣѡһ¾ãİΪߣҲͻư벽Ѩˣ룬õĽ
Ҳ֪һƴǣԣҲ˳ˮۣʲõĽ
Ҫģ˭˭󣬶һ
ңͻƵʱˣҲޣĥԼ
ȵԼɹٽ룬ҲһЩ
ϾǸǳȻԼһʱǣҲ֪ǲѾ׼á
Բȫٶһµʱǣá

ȻѾ˾Ҳûʲôٺˡ
Ϊȷս˳˸ԷطչؾѪճʱ״̬ﵽ۷塣
۷״̬ȥӭսʤİղűȽϴ
ձѩˣҲоԵġ
ƽԭѪһϵдССսһҲдˣԸԵʵһȽ׵˽⡣
˵˭аգõʮöһɡ
һҹ޻գۣڶٴε
ˣڿջǰûϣԹͺ漴ٴγżķȥ

һʱ֮ٴɽ¡
Ƕ̨ʱѾսΧһȦˣ׷׼յҲʮҡ
ˣһƫƧĵط£ûȥĴһȻȺУһϤӰ
顣
ԷȻҲǣһ֮漴ߵԱ£һЦ
ǶףԷѾ˾ҲȰʲôˡ
޵֮·᫿ûһ˳顣Ϊ˳ɹһЩĥѣҲǱ顣
սҲụͻֻҪԷ̨ʱһ˲̨ңǾͿԸ¡
ң˵иϤ⣬żָһ£˵һ̨µĸڸ֣Լˣɢ޵УЩҪעˡ
ˣԷϻһֲ
ûж˵˶̨ϣĿ⾼ֱףʵȷԼǲսʤİգٵȴʱ
;У黹ˣȥ䴦Ķһ̨ɹһö
һһööԱãֹһ̨ϱȽǿĶ֣رȽĶ֣ʧܣûսĻᡣ
ԣһöƣҲǱ֮塣
ʹòˣҲȥֻ۸񣬾ͻЩԩˣɹҲϡ
֮漴ٴο̨ϡ
ʱ̨սֱ֣ǣһ칤ɽĺµҶ裬
Լһɢ޽ҲСбĸ֣üǧɽ
ҶţʵҲʮǿȻֻǰ벽ѨϵİƷ
λֹ֮䣬ʮ칤ɽ֮ش
Ȼֻǿ˼ۣ漴˽ۣʮУҶذܣ

ոս˵ֵ飬һĵ
˭ʤ˭ܣ˴ѽѷ֣Ҫһֳܷʤء
ңǸɢ޵ӣǧɹΪҪѷһ·磬ôҶذˣһ޶ʮ֮ڣ
һɻ󣬲ţȻƬ֮󡭡
̨֮ϣһ飬飬顱ս֮ռϷ칤ɽӣȻһᣬʧ
ɢ޵ӡüǧɽ׼ᣬһ壬Ⱥɨ顱һҶ·غ«̨
պڵʮУ
۾ɴͬϵһؿһݵĵ磬㣬



285 ս
ƺ棬ƺĽĻֹձѩãҲһ顣

ȣȣ
ȷԼᱻԼĿˮǺŲεһţڽҶ裬ӦеĶز֮һ칤沽
칤沽ʵã;أҡھзǳҪȻһﲻɲҪ
֮ǰҶ裬һζ׷飬ʧ֮أʵòԣʮ֮ڣҡ
ȻƲãʹõһȫʽ⣬ƫҪ԰ڣóδѧ칤沽
ԣŸ˶ɢ껨ǧɽᣬܡ
ȻǧɽȻʵʤ㣬δʤסټ칤ɽ⣬ţʤ֮㣬ֻ壬ˣϧˡ

̶֪Ƭ̼䣬Ѿô⣬вɴΪ𺶡
ڴ֮ǰһΪҶŲ伲磬תףжྫء
ڲ֪ˣϧҶˣ˵û͸ûңԼԼˡ
ǰڻǧɽϣǰԼԴϡ
֮ǰһֱ֪ͻȻʶӣӰ֡жǿ󣬵ֻǾô̶Ƭ̼䣬Ѿһģʶ
֮ǰǣӣ˶ãܾҪһŻ𣬺ɨ̨Ϊ֮̾ˡ
Ǵͷβһ֤һĻѡ

̨֮ϵսδֹͣС
üǧɽʤһ֮Ϊֽ˵ڶ
һζԷδУԼʲôԼʹǧɽƾòóʵҲ쳣ѡ
գڵһϣȡʤҲľսˣöƣ¶̨˵һȥϢˡ
ӣ׷׵̨սߵȴս
սһһֵĽУɣʤȻ˰ܣ˻ϲȻǡ
䣬ĽÿÿĳһӵĹϰߣһձ£˽⣬Ӧ
Ϊ˵ʵ̫Ϭ̫ˣһѪԷϸ΢һϰߣܿɻܶԷĳ롣
ԣֹձѩ棬۽磬ڵһµս
һԵ飬۾ҲԽԽԽԽͣٿʱԽԽ죬ԽԽˡ
ʶԼߣŵλ꣬жôǿ
Ȼûмʵֻȫ޼ܼ
٣ûмʶһ׼ȷж˾׼İڵӡд֮꣬
һ̣аңãԷˣһѣΪˡ
Ȼ̨֮ϣԷƲÿֱˡ
Է̫̫ݣ̫κϣһ΢ܳΪԷеʱս֮Ӧþֽˡ
֮Ĳ
Ȼ֪һжô
ղţָ㣬ձҲΪ˱սֱ֮ӿħͫ
̨ڵӣûгǰһĶ֣ߣʵӣԣкˣħ֮ͫ
ټʵḻľ飬Щˣκһϸ΢㣬Ƥ֮£Σ޴ˡ
ԣɾͣʵ΢ͫӵе־Զûбӳ
ΪĽ˵ģҲԱߵע⵽˼֮󣬿ʼ£֮Աǣ漴˵Ľһһ֤˵ɫˡ
Χ˹ԱߣĬߣȻγ˲ڰӪһɢȦӡ
ԽЩɫԽ𾪣۾Խݣ˶ûмˣһη壬Сӡ
ߵĶҲ۲쵽ǲ˺£ʵֻ̫żһ˵ԣҲֻһ֮Ҳա
ԵҲûаڵӣע⵽Χмһˡ
ʱһһֹȥ˶ų̂ΪˣȽʢ̨ĶмʵԴûȽϼһЩ
磬Ҿƣˣ߸ֶˣʱսʹһЩˣȻ壬ڵȡ
ȴʱֵ١
䣬ҲеӶ̨ĳЩ˵ĹΪɻ󣬱㹧ʣҲڼӣڽ
һȥӦ飬Щ˶͸ӹˣٲȻγɢȦӵġ
ڣȥ١
һ̨սǵľڿʼƣ
Ȼ޵߲ෲˣҪʢö࣬ǣ鲻һ϶²ܲսǹսٱԴ
һʱȥôೡҲЩȤˣᡣ
μսҲԭǰ㼯оˣսЩȻȤ
ڣٴһ̨ʤ侫ѴΪãȴ̨ǿţӮһ״۾һЦ㿪ڣȥȡһʤ
ĻȻƴӣȻ֪ƭԼ۹⡣
Ȼ̨ʹ߷ɽѩúڰԴҲѶԷˣת
գ˳ʤһһöӮ̨
ķԸսӮһȻսĿԼߣ⣬Ȼġ
ѡ֣ȷа֮󣬲Űϳȥ
ȻΪԣйǰָ㣬ձҲһһϳȻһһʤϲɫ̨صߡ
Χ۵ˣӲˣ漴㲻ɱЩĶĿ룬˸˼ò
һöһҪһɹɲһС֣ƽ֪ҪѶپۣҪð֮ղɡ
ڣָ㣬ƺЩˣʵθߣٲڳĺܶ˸ߣȴɾܻʤ׬治һףȻۺ졣
ǹغܲͻѨĹؽشʹ֮£Щˣ֮ǰĤݣ羴Ȼҡڣܲ˼
տʼûע⵽ָ㣬˵˵ȱ϶ԼԷʽ֮󣬱㿪ʼˣձ֮ǰսʱ˶ɵסˡ
ϰ꣬һԷܿȡʤ̨Χߡ
ˣ֮ʶ˲ԣű˿Լͨ۹⣬ͬһ۾һת漴Ц
ôԼûʲǫ̂ô


286 ı
ǣĿһתѾ˾漴⴫ܣ˲ҪȻ糣ٴָΡ
Ȼ⼸Σȴδʧÿض֮ǰ̨սñףһö
տʼΪżȻʧȻˣûһȷģʱЩ˲׹ԼǱˡ
˿񣬶ʱһ۾ͨ죬ųӣʹ޵Ŀ⡣
ˣĶڵѪ
׬ģȻǽԴϲ˵飬ͬƾ׼Ǯһ
ǿģ뵽ҪΪ׬ȡһöж࣬ѣһֱðգУܾΨһһö
һΣΪһʧضʤ̨ȴֵûͷ䣬飬жܣ
ЩˣɱĶˡ
ȻȴȻ壬㵺˵Ŀ⡣
Щ˴ҲָǼ䣬ǳЩʶЩԵеľ飬׬ָ㡣
ȻЩȴձĽ˵ԼǮ룬ȣ̰Ĳ㣬ͬιĶǣ֪һжԼŭĿ
ЩˣǿɹҲƻ¡
ΪԼɫһһ䣬Ķڰ׷ѹô
ħͫҲҪľģԼһѾޱƣô˷Щϡ
һޱ࣬Ĺ˵Щʶ޽ˡ
ԷҲܺģָһ䡣
Щᣬкֻּ֪ܵϢ֪㣬Щˡ
ЩˣٲĺøС
ˣЩ˵ĳĿ⣬Ҳɨ˹ȥı飬ձѩҲͬʱվ
ǶһģȻһ˶Էֵѹ
տʼʱЩ۹⻹׺ݵģ񶾵ģġ
Ȼ֮ƺĿһħȴ޶飬ͬαװ¶һ棬˷׷תͷȥаݡ
뵽ղһ䣬̨ܰһʵ㲻ĵһܶҴ̯ͬڴǰ
һЩƽʱעСϸڣСϰߣΪеһѪָЩʵǿĵӣ
Щ˵УźȻʵܶԸ˵Ĵڡ
ЩԸԼ
һݣȻǲ˳Щ
ԭûᣬȻ̨٣õ˾飬ʶպսҲ϶аԼʵҲ
ȻΪһʱ̰ȴĽʱʣûȥˣ׷׶ЩŭĿӡ
ȻǶΪЩƻĽ⣬Ųòˡ
ǣȴ۵ԼʸҲûˡ
ЩˣȻо˵ĿⶼòʱĻţ׷ʧ޴ڲ
֪ͲһʱģϧҲ֪һ飬Ҳڴ֮ͥ¶ǽѧˡ
ʱһޣգ˵Ŀѹ£ֻܷ׷׺޺޵ȥ
Χߵˣʱɢһ롣
ȻʣĵӣȻԸٽˡ
ն񣬵һʮղûЩˣһֻǶˡ
ȻղѾõ˽ѵǣѱʣµ˲ðաʱԼָǣǵǡ
һνҲӦˣһˣԼߣҲȷЩԲ
ɴ࣬޹ɣģ񲻸á
ǣʾˣԼֱӻһطյġ
˸ȻֱһЦҲָˣҼҪִţҲ⡣
£˲ţΧԱߣȻᶯȴֻǴܣ̨ժ¼öơ
˵ļ״֪ȷʵٶǽ˵ˣŲһʮƵģһʹ֮ǰЩĿǳļһһߺ޺ȥ
ֱ˶뿪ߣСȦӣٴ徲
ȻΪԷһѡܣֱӷ
ʱһһֹȥ׹ĺѻѽѽжͷӹ
һʱֽȥ
һʱ䣬δ̨Ǵָ㣬ձˣÿ׬öҵơ
׼ȥ
ԼȻҲ̨Ȼ죬ڳδʲôֵùעĸ֣֮ǰڳķỪأ̣ǸĽůδ֡
׼¶Լע⣬ԣɴָķʽ̨ˮС׬һʡ
׼뿪ʱΪձһʱ̰ģָһΣժһö֮ȴΪ̫ţֱ̨ӱһĵսˡ
һҵս֮ձȻʵҲѴﵽ벽ѨȻϾ㣬Ǻܿӵ£ʧȥһöơ
ý챾ӦĻһ˿覴ã֮ձһֱͷ޵ݣȻȴû
˵ºǴûʲôôУƾ˵Ľ飬Ҳô
Ҫǣףһ٣飬ƺܿͻᴫ˵Ķ䡣
ʱЩڳԼˣܿͻ鴫зʱ˶Լ
ԼȻɿָ㣬ǣ鲢ǾԣвߣƷ
һһֱעǣ׼̨©֮ʱֱѣԭ˾̨ǽ޻ᡣ
̨ǣδ̨иַսգҲʧܣҲ̶á
ԣ飬һ١
ܻдˣ뵽ⷽ峡ͺѼȥˡ
󣬲̨ʱȫƾʵȥսˡ
ժöҲûס
ͿսˣǿУЩǲһԼϾͻ뿪߾ܶս
Ǿǽմ˾٣ɵһССı׶ˡĿǰҲֻһһˡ
ȻȻܿһ㣬ձȣû
ǻΪһֱԻ·ϣһֱզզ̫ˬˡ̫ˡ㶼̨ǱռˡԣǿǵȣĵĴʻ㡣
˸ֹ۵Ϊ춼սı׼ʮ£˱ȫżгѨ׼
ȻһĻЦЦȴҲûзǡ
ڣͷϵʱһˮȻѹǣѵ˸ˣֺαء
Ȼῴĸı䣬ʱԼѣҲ׹Ȼٱִ˼ˡ
صջˣδ̸˶Ÿֻ˷ܣ˼ı飬صԼڣϢ׼Ĵս
ձȣһ׬ļöǶЦġ
ѾԼ˴żͻѨʱˡ
ȴǾڴ֮ϣ泯췱ǣ˫Ŀֱһöͨ徧Өɫ壬
öˮ壬Ȼձ˰һ󣬲ֻصУһֱ档
ʱóид
磬硭ˮˮˮˮϣ϶Ϊһشںδ
з紵дʪζһҹٴγδߣڿ֮жȹ

ͬҹ
ȸ칤ãԺݡ
һ£Ŀᣬһ˿ֵаζ칤ɽ洫ӹ߿ǰżβͬһİڵӡ
ǣ֪ôˣ
˼ֱµ̫ʦΣĮȻ鵭Įޱسϥǰļڵӣؿʵ
ǣǣѾע⵽Էˣȥ˶̨һֱûϳҲûһ̨һÿȥǴղ
ų̂
깴߿ɫһļСأ
ǵȥˣ׬˼öƣֻǵעֻڹעǸϣûС
׳գ
Ȼ䣬߿ͬ˲ȻŭǰһһţҪһҲ޷̨ȡκһʤǼ˵õõʲôͬ
죬Ҳʲô취ֻҪԷ֮κһ̨͸ҰǸȥ
Ҫǣ֮ڣɹȫ꣬ǣòǵʱȻа취ǡ
ããһ쵽
Ϊ׵İʹȻȴ˿䷢ĵ
ߣͣ첻áǼ飬ͲҪҹĳ˿ˡ
ǣȥ죬ˣ카һģǣԲ˶ߣ
ɣ
һȣĵƻ£⼸ˣΪװ˵Ĵ£뿪칤ɽķֲפء
ͷĿһݣɫЩ
죬ǶԷһ̨һҪǸѹȥ
ǣ٣һ쵽
ߣ첻Ҳܣͬѿ
紵ҹɫһ⡣
ˣڰ˵Ĵ£ĻҹɫУʧ
ԶƽͣջУˣ֪һĻǣһ֡
ڶպܿ٣ˣٴλصżǰȴȻ֣Щ졣


287 ѻ
ֹ죬һصļžе⡣
ЦôȻսµĳҽվǰ𣿿ûռʲôˡ
ֹձȻӱȽϴҲܿ췢ˣ̲סߵ磬ҸовƵƵǣƺ⡣
ţѾ֪ˡ
ЦʹͷҲܸоЩˣŲ죬֣ӣеĿ⡣
ȻЩɻƾһССĳͻӦˣȴҪضˡ
ˡ
ҡҡͷ룬ɽǰ·ͷȻֱȵķˣٽɡ
ҲţΪǵС£Щˣ¶Ըǡ
ʾ£ձȻеǣҲǿѹɻƫͷȥ̨

ʱһһֹȥ
̨֮ϵսһֱδֹͣǰʱ򣬾Ѿս֪ٳˡ
ȻȻˡ
һ꣬һݣ̨ȻĿ䳯󿪿ڵͭгλֵָ̣
ָһ죬Ȼָձ
״һݣڸеЩͬѰˡ
գĻֻǣ˻ƻǵսû뵽죬ȻֱǷս
ƫƫսܾܾȻʧС⶷ֻ̨Ҳȥˡ
ձΣ˵ͷȥɣ
Ϊ꣬ǵһγ̨֮ϣҲûпսҲľˮƽˣֻʾձɷӡ
ȻһսĽȴҲһ
꣬ƺձսѾǳϤƽǧٱһ㡣
ȻձǻŭþȫȻʮһǲɰʧһö
ձ޺޻صλ۾Уѹֲסŭ
ȻԼʧܣû뵽ô磬Լĵһʧܣܵί˾ɥǱѹŴ
ƫƫʵǿûѹԵʵϤձĹһ㡣
սҡҡͷʾ侲
оһɷ籩꣬ڳΣĿ꣬
ûձ̨ʧڶöǡҪ۲һ£˭ڰָʹǡ
Ȼ˭ԷĹƣѾ಻ֹͬ޾꣬к
ڶ̨˳ˣһָ֣ս
Ƭ̺սܣ̨ٴʧһö
֣鱻ָսʧܣ̨ʧһö
ս˿ڣҪսȻ˿̣Խˡ
Ŷһսܣʧȥ񣬷Խ侲һɻɽǰ
ûӦս
ʱѾ⣬ôͿǣűߣҪĻָʹ˭
̨Էתսˣܿ죬һսȥϢʱѵ
˾һ˶ɫţһƬĬ˭Ҳûп˵
緢ƺ̶ֻһ磬ʧ˶Щѹ֣Щơ
һֻε֣ǵʺϣǲܺϢƫƫҲֵֻ˭
ٳٶ۵ˣ˿̣Ҳ֪˿ˡ
ֻǣ˭Ӱ
Ƭ̺ձֱӿڵ磬磬ٿȻϳҪһԣǲǻһֱʧܡ
ԣ۾˸˰Σڵ˵ͷãһһ΢һЩĶ֡
ձţֹ
ЩȻ뵽ԵĳĹ죬ҲȷҪһʹս滺ԼѹӮԭġ
ܿ죬ʱȥսٴ١
ָգսձʱˣǾܲս˻һƬ֮Աǡ
ȻȴΪɽܵˣһξ룬ԶԶġ
Ȼڵһ꣬սƣ۾һ˲俴ȱ㣬֣Ըձ̨սʤ
ȻձθովսʱȻ䣬һһ̨滻ꡣ
ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ֹձȻ˿̣еĻ棬Ѿһѹ̫õĻɽһƲס
ԷҲǿȰ裬һݣѾԾ̨


ձص
ɽ
棬嵶꣬ȴ죬һȻ΢Ц
̨£۾ЩƣҪˡ

飬ѩæѩһϾ̨Լĸ硣
ǣûô֪ҪˡȻ˿̣ȴֻоۡ
ǰôˣǣձȴǲࡣ
Ȼ
սƬ̺󣬡顱һ죬ձ¾սõһղס̨֣һ󾪺
ˣ֮ܲ󣬱һ˸ɫڲ֮ǰ
ַǣһ̣ձɫޱȻҰܣͺ;ȫʧһ㣬ֻʣʬ⡣
̨֮ϣȻֵҲúͬ³ձδˡ
֪ǫ̂ģ̨֮һԲֻǴͷɫľȻһ鲨ûУҲû֮ǰһҪ̨ԾԾԵӡ
ӽ죬Ϊʧʧöƣ׬ģȫȥˣܲġ
ҪǣоԲΣУޱȾɥֱɥʧٴ̨
󣬺ͬĳ֣Ĳ²⣬նΪʵ
̨ս飬ȻտʼǲΪű˵Ц꼰ˣҲƲס
Ϊŭգǻõȫ˳ȥ˵ǰȡʤҪһҲɵá
ԴˣҲûпֹһֱֻĿţҪЩ˵ҪôҪʲô̶ȡ
Щרֻ̨ΪԵļˣڳ֮ǰͬʱ޵һطһۡ
һͷɣзƼ֮ɫİˣڵõ׿֮Щ˲ų
ڣסĴ֮𰸡
ǸˣһУŲɢ޵һĽů֣С롱ɡ
ɡձ˵߱ˣ̨
ֻǣôǵõˡ죬ƺҲȦԱߣҲǽ̨֮һ
ţ⶷̨µȦӣֻҲһûҪôƾʵֻ¾սи֡
ôΪʲôҪǡҡô
ɲͨˣġ
Ρ
ȻΪݶˣΪʲôһǣȴȻףˣǳʶľѻǣǵɹ
˭ѵ˼˱˵ķԸǡ
ձˣеƳʧҲûһöƿɹ̨սʱ
ڣվ¶һᵽɱϢ
һɿµƣ绢ХӶ˲䣬̨£Īһ
ֵߣߣҽգҪһһأɱ
䣡
㲽һ٣ˣͬһЮźҵķ֮顱һ̨̤
̨Ȼ죬ҳɢ
תعͷĿ̨£˵Ŀڶ̨ºȻײһʮһа٣һǧһ
ңڴ˷ս˭ң̨һս


288 ʤ
ƽƽĻƽÿ춼̨ǧٱһȻȴ̨£һƬš
˶𾪵ͻȻ̨ˣϲʶģ۾ݺһ
ûᶯ
ʱûˣҲܿóһԵĸ֡
ʹûмս֪֮ɢ޵еĵһ֣΢΢һЦĽů֮еľǿߣ롱ɵΣǡȴԲڳױ˵ġ
ģĪձãˡ
ǣһ˿̣ЩҵĿУһ۾󶯡
̨ˣЩһеúˡ
жߡ
ˣ̨ʧձѩãһΪ𣬺ڣһΪ죬鶼á
ʱȻжȼϣ˷ܡ
ձľȻУҲһĨ˵ѹۿ̨վǵ׿εӰʱɫҲͨ
һҪʤһҪʤúýѵһ顣
ֻǲ²⣬Ψǣ׵֪λʦжǿ޻ԭѪÿһΣΣʱ򣬶ˢǵ֪
ʲôıƣʲôԵӣΣʵǿһ̶ȣԿһ֮йؿЦ
һߣȺ֮һֱĬϥϺһѳĮĬˣҲ۾΢΢𣬿̨ϣǰһ֣Ǹеӡ
ڻˡ
ȻĿǿˣǣȴоԷĿ⣬ʵֻ䵽һϡ
һֵֺĴʵ
ԭأһ˫Ŀǲ²ˮȻЦҲӣλҪԸ㣬㻹Щ򵥰
ֻǲ֪ǷҰ
ûжΪ֪϶˻һ
ձˣС㡣
Ĵͷϣܱˣ˳ܾѻǴ󹦡
ԣǼһ̲סãЩˣʵ
ǻʧܣʧЩҪǵ飬ΪЩˣҲҪߵһ
˶ˣٴܶԷľ֮Щ˶ˣǵССͣҲϣɱȥժȥɡ
ȻԷߵȻ̨һսʸЩ˶ˡ˵ʵֻʧ
һι߿ӾҪԸһˣȻֹһˡ
Ѱʮλ⶷̨¶ƸֵĴڣҲձˣ֮ǰʧܵԭ
һǣѾĴԣս̣˵ȱ㣬ָ㣻
ҲΪǱʵ;ԲȻᱻ߿ӾλſأΪ
ʵ̫ģ벻ǵķۣԣӣҲһ׵ġ
ȻûгɵԤϣ̨Щˣܿеףһһ˳̨֮ϡ
ͭгս㣡
ˣһ£Ȼ֮ǰܹձ׬һöȻס
̨£ձѩüУŭʢˣͬʱֲԴһ˿ڴ
̨ϣͬ΢΢һ㶣漴ϾͷЦݡ
̤ЬٴȫѹЩ˲Ը̨أãԼʡµ
׼׼ˣͳ֣ҸһеĻᣡ
ǰѡڣЩ˼ŭҪһɨ
ټϴձҰܵȻ֮һҪΪձȻʲôøУ顣
һУÿСӣ
ͭг⶷̨£ҲһС֣Ȼ죬ӣܵˡ
Сӣһǧҹͫ
һ˫۾Ȼ⣬⣬Щҹǣ嫣ء
ı񣬱ŭȻǼٵģΪҪеʱȴͻȻ˾
Ȼһͫľǿ֣֮ǰԾձʱɸû¶˺صĻ
ѹ֣ܳΪӶõļ֮һ˹ȻһˢӣǱˣ֮£ֻ»С
ϧϵģǱˣڣ˳ơӰ֡
ʩչͫˣǾԸǿ֮£ķڷ
Цһٴߣ˲䣬ҲŶԷ۾۾ȻҲһɲ֮䣬
þ֮ͫӡͫ
˵ͫڰУȻײͬʵ֮⣬һ
飡
˭ҲûԤϵľ䣬Уһεĵ𻨣˭ûȴ죬ҵĹײ
һߣ
һ̣ͭге֮⣬һһ˳ͬѹ
ķӡ֮ͫ£ֲ˶ãһһѣͬ档
ͭг۾ôģֻоһʹȻ³һѪɫ԰ס
漴ήңͫʩչʧܣĺ֢¶أ顱һֱ˹ȥ
̨֮£һƬȻ漴
һУ
һУ
˭Ҳû뵽ȱʣ˵һУһС
̨֮ϣһ¶ûУֻһ£Ǹ֮ǰձ⼸ӣʵͭг𣬾ˡ
ܵĪܵó׵ףܵȫޡ
̨£ձ֮Уٴλָһ֣¶һЩ
飬ѩˣҲǼ
Ⱥ󣬰ºὣꡰ롱ɣ۾΢΢һǱ߾Ȼһ˿Ц⡣
е˼Ϊͽ𣬱ǸŸոտʼ
Цܿ죬̨ȥǸѾԹȥɫ԰׵̧̨¼žƬ̺Ȼٴһ
ңɽָ̣
䣬һˣ̨
࣬ʮһͣʮӢ۾΢˫üִһ˿а졣
Ҫǣ䣬һһƽ棬һȴ·һɫɫ
̶αָ̣
õ۾΢΢һ漴ɹȻҲһеĻᣡ
ˣȻǶձһöƵ꣬׼ŹĴʶҲһͬĲҰܡ
ǺǣΪƾһаһ֣߳Ƶʵ𣿡
ҿɲͭгСܱȣСңһúܲңн࣡
ɽ۾У˸޵Ĺâ
΢һѵһЩӪнյĳɾͣԺЩŵĶ̨ͬϼ
ƽʱ޵ľǱƲԴʹ
ȻȴǺ⣬ֻǵؿһۣ漴ɣȻ㽫޻ᣡ
ãã
ȻɽױĮӼŭˣγĳüǰϵȻˡ
ͷ·һ¹ԵĴĥ£꣬ųľâ
˵
飡
һ־ǾУ˵ĵ֮ڿնɫĳű֮⣬еĵ棬Ǻ֣Ī⡣
Ȼ˵ȫڶʱˣȴ·ΪһӰ飬̳㣬ɢա
һӰһָʺձһķʽҸ衣
ԷӰӶû壬һƶԷӰʱΪüơ
һ𣺡ˣ
ɽӲ䣬лӳĵͣڰУãͻȻһЦɫľȻ૵ԭҺͶֵĲ̣࣬ܽ
Ȼ̨û


289 
̨£ٴλȻ
ұ֮֮ǰһͭг𣬸ʢ
ΪһΣʩչһʮǿ
ƷײжߣܻڳߣǿͬƷ߸Ʒ
ǣĻȴԽڳľˡԭڻԪʱļٶȣڸǴﵽļ۷ٶȣӽ弶ĵز
Ī⣬Σֻܾܼ̾
ǵһĻӰ˵
ʹ̨£ȫۿˣҲûһʲôʱһӰȴɽġ
ʣԼĹʱΣΣ
޶з䣬Լ뷨ѣɫ԰ס
еİ취Ҳûа취ܹһָ
̨£һţ̨֮ʱžʢ
ձѩˣȴϲ۾еɫٴʢͬȼŻ档
ʤˣöƵ֣һܵģʹ޵Ǽ֮һ
ʹһֱɫȻİ꣬롱ɣʱҲ۾΢΢һ૵һ䣺˼
漴ָϥϵĹӳ۾Уһ˿Ц⣺ԽԽֵڴˡ

ʤû
Щѻʹˣʹ֪ܱԼѲǣ֪һʧܻʲôĺֻһķ̨ܲƴ
ңҲһԸΪʹ̨ϵˣʵǿ㳵սߵһ̣ʱǵĻᡣ
Ȼһʹʵǣʧܣʧܣʧܡ
һˣ̨ϣսܣһȭһʽָñǸٶȣ߸ɴӰ޿ײ롭
һδʤǫ̈վŵ·һԣǹâҫĿʹ̨²˵񾭡
ּ
˿̣˸оˣΪĽůɵˣȡʮʤʮʤʮʤˣ
ǲܴﵽʮʤʮʤû֪ʷϣ̨ʼû˴ﵽ֡
һˣ·ɶ˻𣬼̨֮ϵȥȻʧܣʤεӣ̨սˣʵҲԽǿ
ʤ
ʤ
ʤ

ʮʤ
ʮһʤ
ʮʤ

䡱ʤһδӣ̨£ɽХһ
̨£Χ۵ȺԳƣԽԽࡣ
˶۾뿴ߵԶȲȴǸʱ̵١
̨ˣڱϡټʮˣѾʧһˣûгֵģʣˡ
ĸˣҲ岻֪ԼǷ̨ˡ
ʮսȥԭڴƣ״̬û١
෴ȻƵᣬûһ۵ļ񣬷̨ˣһܵңĿȫޡ
ǾѻԷԷʤ
ʤԽߣһΣЩҪѻʤЩˡ
һЩɢ޸֣ҹӣ߰ˣҲȤϲһ֡
ԣ뿿̨ķʽȴҲһ¡

ʮʤ
ʮʤ
ʮʤ
ʮʤ

ʮս̨һλˮȹŮӡ
λŮӣһŮӣȴһ㲻֮ǰ̨ͭгɽ෴ǿһЩ
䣬֦īɫķˮ̴̡
ŵӵʮˮָ̡̣
룡
ĿһܵŮϣǵ
ˣ֮ǰսʮˣҪǿһЩֻУ벽Ѩ磬һĴڡ
ĴڣҲԼϳôЩЦȴ˿塣
̨սģڣ̨ܱų̂á
µľǣȡʤȴų̂ʹʮöҲˡ
ڣȻǿһЩǣֻҪսʤܾͻлᡣ
ο
뵽΢΢һЦţӣΣ
ţ񣬺칤ɽ洫аɽĺģĶ壬ͬһ˼ƺͬ
ǿɲһ۵ţ˴˵ײβŵĴʦ֡˾ͽм
ʹڳϳֹӣ֡ɴ׷¡ʣڡ
Ȼϣȴͬκˡ
ɣ
΢΢һ֣΢֣Щڵ
á
һ֮ˣҲ֪ǰ֮ʵǿ󣬵ºԥûǫѷãֱӳ֣
ˮ죡
˫һΣöīɫˮ̰γһݣ漴趯̨Ͽգʱ·ˮĻһīɫĹ֮
ˮ̣ű죬׼ݣˮ̡ȻϽ꣬ѽ¯ĵز
˸̴̵Ѩ
̨ϣѾֻī⣬Ӱ
ȻʮйȥһƮ̨ɫ԰ףʵĿ̨ϵΪʲôΪʲôô쿴ҵĴ̷
ɫصĴ̷û⣬ǣһζ׷죬ʧȡȲ̵Ľ඼ԼңԼĽŲϴ̵Ľ޷ϣȻҿ㣬Ӷʧܡ
⡭
̨£ɫ죬ǵһΣڴ֮ͥ£˲ҰܣȻĻȴ
ԭ첢ǾԵģԼܷӵĿ죬ֻԼ
ǰΪϵ˶ԼԸԼ㣬ڸǰЩһô
ãڴ˸߰ͷ­֣ʩһ񣬵ллָ㣬ܽˣڴ̷ϸһض֣л֮
˵ĺܳϿңѾʧܵĴлظ״˵ͷûа׽̣ӿɽ̡
ŵӣӣ󲿷ˣеȷ緶еġ
һöƣˣѾʮʤ
ֻҪʮʤˣѾĽů߼¼̨£ɫ졣
Ҫƶʮʤ̨ʷϣҲֻ˰Ȼ̨ʱ䲢˵ˣȴ֮꣬ǧʮʤ˵Ҫǿڳľӣ
˲˲ʣȻֻʣȴҲûˣϳ·ǸԷͷ֡
ڣһӰվ
һ£ؿһ֣ȻǴӪվ
Ӷɫһ£ԵʮۣȻؿǸ֣ȴȻʾɡ
Ϊʲôôڲͬأ
վ̨µˣһӪһ޲漴̨ϵͶȥֻ۹⡣
Ʒὣأ⽣͡һƷὣ˵̥ŵΨһƷֽ䡱ϵĵʮӡ
ս㣡
Żƽƽ̨һһȻ˲ֱֿһ˸ɫ
νƷ۷ӽƷָ̣


290 ս
ƷƷ۷壬ӽƷ
̨£۾еǱλðɫһǰ㣬ѡ
۾жð̰Ĺâ
Ҳѹǡ
̨£֮ЩսЩӣ󲿷ˣ޵磬λߵĵײӡ
ɢˣҵӡ
Щˣӵ
ֻһЩΪĴŸ߲ӣӵҶƷӵƷģ٣ѾѨ
ǿɲġ
Ʒ۷壬ѾļޣڣѾһǰ
Ҳ΢΢һ㶣Դһ˿ɵ
ѾһȻǿɲͨӣܿ˵ġ
֮ǰΪļ֮һ൶ѺѣСһ⡱ǧ
ҲҲֻƷƷԶûƷĵزҪ۷塣
ƷҲм֣֮ӵ͵ߣƷƷƷƷƷƷƷƷԼƷƷ
۷Ʒ벽ƷĵزҲش˿óģνļ
뵽ݣҲͻȻ
£Уֻϵһʮ˲ʸ񴩴·ɫ
ƣϣǵͨӣǲԴµġ
ȻϵĶӣôʹֻСĶ֮һܵõһƷҲʮˡ
ʹƷ۷壬ҲȻ
뵽ķǿߣ϶硱ϣˣʹеǱνҲκռ֮ˡ
ΪǿߣǸ޷Ĵڡ

ûзϻ롱֣Ķӣսһ
䣬䣡
ҲһαķὣһƷףһգƻãɢһϢѷѽ⡣
еķὣϾƷ׵ˣǰãȻһУƷ۷ǾԶԶˡ
ʮкеķὣѾȱڣƴ֮Ҳ֮֡
ޱȣȻʹ彣һգûô
һˣսʣɫ࣬һɹɵѪ֮
ԪѪ
֣⶷̨ϵǿĶֵ֣ĶԴ
״꣬¶Цó湦ҵ˺ܾã㿴ĽƷὣ
͡
һ䣬һ֮ǰֳӣ಻ӲӲķν紺˿ƣңתۡ
ƶƱһؿڣȴͻȻתһǶȴͻȻۡ
ֱǱ仯Ī⣬ʤ
Ȼ˿̣ˣȴƺһɹƾϢ죬۾
عԪ
飡
һȦȦˮܵӵЩˮɫľһصˮ֮塣
Ʒ׷Ʒн׹Ԫ
Ϊ˼򵥣Ǿʹˡ
ʱ˱ԪѪʵѨڡ
ҪǣŹ϶Ϊһ棬Ǽշˮ壬򵽵һˮ塣
磬Σ࣬һ۵£ȴܴݳկﲻ١
ˮᣬȴƣ᲻ɴݣ֮
ˮϣΪ壬Ԫ
һʯ쾪
صĽ⣬Ī⣬ǵ磬ȴһɲǣΪؿڡ
ûзһضƸ
ڴʱһȦεɫˮȴͻȻ֣忪˽⣬һɫŭгѣȻ䵽صϡ
ˣ
Ƭ֮ˮɢһǱٲԭģϢҲЩ΢޴󰭡
ܺãһֵ𾴵Ķ֣Ұܵķڷ
زδŭһ𣬻ˮ㻯ˮӣһɶ»ָԭĸɾˬģ
ֻ·մˮЩͰͣЩ۶ѡ
ˬȻһЦӦõлᣬȥͣҴ㿴Ľڡ
˵ִ꣬һɫƣӸ
һѽסҲûϸֱС
һЦ
ڣǧڣڣһصĵص㣬˵ǧöĽ״򹻸ߵˣܴ
Ľأˮ³࣬´󹦣ߺĵһûʸȥ
Ȼ˵Ҫȥһۡ
ԣҲ죬˵ͷãлһȥһۡ
һս˾ȻһЩϧ֮С
Ҫǣأһ㲻ڵմӵĽʮƽ׽ˣûЩմ˽ݣĸо
оǳѵãϢͶԸ֮ύ
ءһЦɫһݣ̨ȻֱһԾȥˡ
ӦȥҸƫƧط·ȥˣһĻ΢΢һЦҲЩ̿
ԭΪںԭǿţվںԼġ
̨£䳡˰ΣʮʤˣֻһҪƶʮʤ
⣬Ʒ۷궥ӣضʧˣҪ˵Լ
˵Ŀ⣬ڽ䴦Ǹһ£ϥĹŷˡ
ҲΨֹʤ֮·䳾ˡ
ϣӣ벽Ѩ۷֮˳ơ롱ɡ
ڶ̨£Уǵ֮ߣֻǲ֪ΪʲôܱӶԸΪЧ
ȻˣûôҲֻһսˣ
״ڣɻվĿ⻺ɨȫпĿתˣһ𣬸оĵܣ¶ǰ
Щһǣɺܿعͷ̨ϣϥϵǱسȻֱӻϿգת·һöָ롣
Ԧ
״̨ϻ̨£֮ˣǲɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ȼҵش֮ԦɣǶˡ
Ԧó
֪϶һſɣ
š

һ΢ɵӰѾԭʧһ̣ǰһȴ֣ȻѾվ̨֮ϡ
øṦӰҵİƷ
һЩǧңδŶ٣˲ϣ϶纣ɰٴĸţǣڶ⹦ϣӵаƷģҲֻûеƷѡ
ңһ塣
ɣҵĵϵ֮һôŰƷӰҲͲˡ


291 ӰԦ
̨ϣɫӰԶһʱЩ͡
̨£˭Ҳû˵˶ѲܺϢ
Ȼһ̾ڵ乫ӣʶô
üͷ΢壬ʶ
ʵǣ㣿
üͷøˣҡҡͷҲûС
ǺǡһЦ乫˿Ĺ裬ԣǺιʣ
Ĭ
һΣĬаӣŵѣԸˡ
ô˵ˣ
Ŀ΢һֱ˵
ٴγĬǾһֱȥԼֻԽԽָ΢̧ͷǱ̿չŽתþ͸ˣɢһɹĽ
ͳˡѷ棬սʤңȻһн
ô
ԷԸ̸ҲϢ˴õʵϢ뷨΢죬ǰȻˣǱɣ
룡
ž
һ̤𵴣ɢһΣѾԭʧٳʱ
ҵİƷӰ
ʮָͷ֮תǱڹŽͶסΣಡһΪһɫ⣬ٷ
Ȼৡһ֮󣬸ոջ˵ۡһ𣬺ȻҲֻһӰ
ȻѾ˰ɵ࣬΢һһתĹ򣬳ڣͳǰ
පצ֮ڶʽħ
ߣ
״һȻϰ֡
죬һת˾ͻȻƽһƣһ棬˭ûйԷ
ɱϾռţķɽڰеģԲѲˣٶֿþˣʤ
ȻϾҲǵ̶֮Ƭ̼䣬һʹһצߴѷѽ⣬գѹʮС
̨£˶Ѿ
ˣȻǰٶȣʮƣȻһģ̳ġ
Ƕ·ҲʮƣüֻŰ׹⣬ˣ֪˭˭
ձѩˣǿҲգȻʲôȴޱΪġ
ԭǶǰٷְΣ롱ɿʮֻƷֻᳬԦ
ˣûôģ֮ǰЩֲͬնԣġ
ҲûãҲų̨̂ҲԲǴ˵Ķ֣ԣֻʶģΪ
ˣûһӪˣ֡
Щˣĵӡ
ΪߣȻ̨ϣĽůһսʧܹ󶥷ӣ紵Ӧãɽ³ǡ
һʮţһʮߣպĶӣϣͻƽѨʮ֮һ
ڴһսлָһԪٲˡ
ǣ˿̣˿̨ϣսѷѽһɫӰȴǱЩ졣
⼸ˣôΪʲôǴ·Ȼһǰٻ壬һЩǸûŵĻ壿
սѰͻƵĻԵžӣԲ֪£Ҳ֪һڵӡ
Դʱǲ֣ϴķΣʵޱϤԸԥ
⼸ӣΪʲôǲʶҲߣ
ǣΪʲôȴִӵķΣ
ˣҲ۷׷ףȻҲʶˡ
ҺãмҲͻȻڵӣϳݣ漴յӦã³Ƕߣ˼䡣
Ŷԭˡ˾ǿʵȻ롮롯һսȻ֪ʤҲʮѵˡ
˵ʵĽů֮¡
ӦЩʣ³ǣȴȫȻû뵽ôֻ࣬ǿһǿĸ֣еˣΪ˷ܡ
ȻȻǳ߷֮һ׵Ļ壬Щ֡
ǣվĵӡ
ֻҪͬŵģ棬ڶ̨ϱֵʵԽǿսʤĶԽʧȥϾͻʢ
ԣȻҲϣӮ

̨˼Σ٣̨ϵ˶ѾǴ
飡
һĽ죬̨ϣֻ磬һһңϽײ֮ϣһѺۡ
ԳͨѨǿսĸ߼̨Ȼ벽ѨУȻѺۡ
̨ȫȻ
ˣ˲ࡣ
ѵüһڿԼ̨֮ϣȫһսĶ֣ԣʱѾ
׬ȡΪձǳܹ߿ӾķԸǰѻ
˶ֻǾһս
Ȼһء죬˲ֿһߣɫ΢ףǱߣһ˿΢ɼѪ
ɫɷףǸǿʱҲЩ
ȻȴŭЦܺãȷһֵ𾴵Ķ֣棬ҪԦڶؾ磬ƽˣҪСģ
Ԧһأգڶأƽأһʮأһ٣滹ؾ硣
˵߾磬徳磬磬һǧһԳɽ󣬹ˣµĹ֮һ
Ȼȴû˵Ź֣ȻԴ˹ؾ粻Ǻ˽⣬ֻ΢΢һ㶣漴ܹ
ܡƽĸ֣ܲ²⵽Ԧĵڶ㾳ʮֲɲǱŴġ
ĿǰΪֹҲûóԼֶΣֻǷԳපצǰʽԷڹŽڰжԺѣԣη塣
ˣǾ͵ˡ
ʱУҲһ˿أǶ֣ȴҲһѵõĶ֣һУһս
ʱֻսĿ֡
ԣ˵һ仰֮۾ɫ֣أȻһȻ֮ڶͬһ
ȻȻ۾˫һӣһȥ
ݣ
ͷϿգǱڹŽȻ󣬲£Ȼģ̨˵۾Уʧˣʧ
⣬⡭
ȻˡǱˡ
ȻҲ˿ɵսûм˹飬ͷһϸϸܵĺüëҪ
Ҳͷ΢
оԼС֡
ֵԦȻͬΣܱͨȡ
Σ
񣬲ԲȻҲͬ۾Уͨ쳹ɢһɹӴľ˼УΧ
Ȼɾ˼У͵һ糱ˮһɫ˼УӦһ״ơ͸գԼն


292 ³
һ̣Ȼ۾
֣
飡һ죬ε𵴲һڵĽ⣬֣ѾҪ
ֱȫ֣ģһһֳֵԵޱȵĹ졣
⣬Ԧĵڶؾ磬ƽ𣿹Ȼǿ󣬷ʤֻҪץסټҲͲʲôˡ
Ȼ˫һϣȻ˲ɴĿУȻǱڱС
ͬ飬Ӧ˲
Ȼһ˫ƣȴ˿ȻסҪѣȴǲϼӲǱ޷ƶ
棬ĽһɣԼѪıסһ˲䣬ػɫȻһ죬조ۡһ³һѪ
ɫøӲ԰ˡ
ԦȻǿ󣬵Ҳһ׶ˣǾǣһĽһı˷֣סԦҲش
ԣϷǳǿĵ֣ԦһҲý̫ԶģȻͻһĻ
ҲܹΪԴԦʼﵽڶؾ硰ƽʹûбʶƵġ
Σ⣡
һ⣬Ѿ㹻ѵ
ɺϣǶԷʶԼƽֶΣ
ûʱȥ룬ΪףٲѱٻѪֻС£ܴ
һ粻һӣֻҲԶͻƽѨˡ
ǾԲ̵Ĵ¡
ȻԦȻԸⷢ£һΪ˲ˣȻҲнֻ֮۱Ƚϴ򲻵Ѷѡ
ʱɾ
ɫһ䣬һҧһѪ
һȣٴα۾һƬ죬ƺʩչʲôط
طʩչ֮µѪܣ˲һȫСһζգͬЫӣ򼣬ٿԭĿɲ
ϳɲʱȻоԼ˫֮еڱȻ˲ûȶʮֹ
סԼ˫ƣȻҲȦĴ
ҲΪ֪Լѡǿѹƣֻ»ܾˣֹҪشԼҲܣ£ֱһ֣Ž뿪
ˣ
ڳȻϸ߿գڲϴɵԶԶģ󲻶ƺЩη塣
棬ƾнֵˣͻȻһ֣ͣѪʱ顱һһѪ֮ըԵޱȵĿֲ
۾Ŷһ̣۾ޱƺһ㵭Ѫ档
ܺáȷһֵӵĶ֣֮ǰһЩСˣܴ˴ۣҲӦ
һԦؾ磬һʮʱûȫȫֻܴﵽһߵĵزǣʹֻһߣҲѾͨѨĵӿȡ
СˣһգΪֹӲ£ôһᣬ뿪
һ̣ʾһӴšԦһؾ磬գǵڶؾ磬ƽֻڰ벽Ѩķ֮ڡ
ǣһߣѾԽͨѨԣһ峤Ϲ֣Էͱ׻ܡ
֣һѨڳϡ
֪ԼܳһʮͻѨ
ĿǰǿһؿԣΪ˫ƿ
ʹˣһҵһʮҲͨѨֵܹˣ˵ǰһ벽Ѩӡ
ͷɫׯϣ£ͬʥһ㣬ſֲϣ˿̾Ȼһʥ⡣
漴˫־ʮָͬһ㽻һӡͷϿյǱڹŽȻٴξұһθʢ
ɻ󲻽⣬֪ʲôʱȻ䣬ͷϿգǱڹŽٴʧ
һ˲䣬ͷһͣ˫һţһһ߱һģһıĲ֮ߴ⳯ǰβ
ٴһ֣ģ߱Ȼ˫м䣬ңָúɭȻ
߱ڱһģһͬʱָɭȻĽһֱӰѵϵɫľȫһ촷ۡ
һߣشԦĵؾ磬նɱ󲿷Ѩͼӣ
̨£˱ɫձѩˣɫ䣬ΪĲѡ
ߵӪҲһվɫţȫǺˮ
ȻǸûʲôϵϾͬһţʱľ棬ʧܣǾ޷ֳȻ
̨֮ϣţһĻȴͻȻЦˡ
ԷЦݣɺȻЩԣǣʱϣòѽ壬ߵޣɲԼ
ǣɫһ࣬Ҳţ˴ʱٱʲô۶ӳǣ˫һɣ߱ɽݣݣݡҵƿβܶ
ǴʱȻˡ
һתҡ죬ڰգɫѾһƬ£˫裬裡
䣡
һٺɫĻ棬ָš
ˣĿ࣬Цƾ֮뿹ɵһʱٺɫĻ棬ȴ˵ǰһǡ
ͣ
һ֮ǽ֣ͷ̧βɭȻ۾֣գ۾Ͱѷɵǰĵһ˽ȥʣ
ڶ
һӰɣһȴѷѽ⡣
ڴʱΧͬһ
Ǳ¶ڱ˲¶η֮ɫ棬ɫǱһƬ԰ףȻڴˡ
˿̣ôҲ֪ʲôҵԦȻԼʧˣʧһͬ磬ڵϡ
⵽ʲôͬȼ͸գ־жǿս
̨ˣһƬȻ

ʤˣʮʤʵĶʮʤսʤͬȡùһζʮʤҵһ֣롱ɵ¡
̨£ѾһƬȻ
󣬾ǾþõĳĬöų̂
ȻȴƱ⣬̨ˣ̨˾ûս
ðɣûа취ˣмˣΪԷȻսʤɣҲһûܣǱҵ̨ս
ڶʮһս
ˣ̫ȥɣ
飡
һ죬ڶԷһȭԷ̨
ڶʮս
©־ȣѹֵֵסҵľ񹥻ˣȥɣ
飡
һȣһս̨
ڶʮս
δս٣Ĵңľ״̬οͻѨȥ
ʮģʮ壬ʮʮߣʮˣʮš
ԼеһöƣʱʵѾչʮöơ
ǣΪҪձռƣټϣо
ҪǣҲսһ£ǰδеʮʤĸоȻų̂
̨£ѾһƬţʱûһ˶һˡ
ȡöʮʤʱʵѾûʲǫ̂ˡ
ǣܻмηĴڣһ֮롣ȡöʮʤʱ̨£Ѿûһ˵ˡ

ߣʼǼҲüȻľȻһ齩Ӳ
ձ˵뻶һܣȺŹδֹ
ձ׻ָԭ״̬ҸǺӣƺһֻöĹ

̨ϡ
̧Ŀ̨һۣü̫ôų̂𣿡
һɫȻսʮ֮죬ǣôˣôೡվǹʱʱɫѽƻ衣
ۿ붷̨ĻѾԶˡ
ˣȥɣûսǾֱӽͻѨ˵
Ȼ׼̨һ̣ԶǷɵ糸ɹŰӰ
Сߣս㣡
飡һ죬̨ϣȻһڳаӰ
䣬ΧһЩֵĳ
ߣβ˾ȻϵʮͭɫСЩСӭһ㷢һʴǵ졣
칤ɽ洫֮һ벽Ѩ۷壬˴νżȴδͻѨһȴռ֮һĶŵģ彣߿
Ϊսʤ˹Ӷǲоѻӣ롱ɶսܣȥҲûˣ赲ǰĽŲ
Ȼ롱Ȼˣ˲ʣȥϢ˹Ӷˡ
ȻΪŭˤʮӣ˵ѾҪͻʮʤżʱסˡ
һʮʤ˵ǣĳϣҲ赲ż
Ͼﲻһһ֮أǰơ
Ȼͨ֮ʵ裬㱻˷Ҳ˵ʲô
ǣΪ̨⣬ӵߣһʮöͲԼֱӽ룬ʱҲûнڡ
Ҳҡ
ԣԼ˰²ͬʱҲòԷ׼μľѻ


293 Ұ
ڳ𣿡
Ц
ֵڣֻΪҪһʮʤ
û뵽ԻĲ⼸Ļĺ֣ץȻԼ˳
칤ɽаɽӣʲôʱ򣬵ǣ
ŶĶ֣
ߣսʤңʡ
á
ҲŭҲϻֱӿڵȻˣǾͳаɣ
ҵģȥҲˣһǺӣ
߿һģǱȫʮöͭͳС
彣彣ŵһγ˸ȥͷ·һǺӡ
Ǻ֮У˶Ĥ˼С
߿ȻΪ˰ԵҲȫɵӣȻҲ֮硣
УȻ˳ҩﲻȱҲȫһǴȻٶ൤ҩҲͻƲ벽Ѩ
ԣçײɵӣȡöʮʤʮʤЩˮݣҲǺĽůһߡ
ҵԣֱӳ֣ңȳ֡
еĻ彣һνҲͺͨ𣬴һЩرʡ
ϵĻ壬ҲһԷöָѵֿһȻӷʤ
ϧССľ
彣ߣȻռˣ޲ˣս޲ʤϧƫƫǿ

ſһ£һʱѹ߿ϷȫõԷϡ
߿ʱЩԺΪߣǿʱ¶
ƵչʮУ͹˹߿ķߣ̨
ڣ˵˰ɣ
߿ҡҡͷֱ̨ŷӦһףʱǵͨ죬ʮѿ
ȻˣҰܵ˿죬˲ңǰʧ棡
޷ܵġ
ŭϳ壬һٴγ̨
ڴʱһְֻļϣһѪŹѪƵĹЦˡ
ҡҡͷ΢Цȥɣ
֡
ˣ֪ԷʵԼһ磬߿ϲæҺݺݽѵ
˵Ҳ
һһѪ£΢Цƺ˲аɽһĵ֮һӡӾȻ̨վ
Թ˳ֵ̨ҲҿԷһȻǣûǵ֮ء
ô
һЦη壺Ȼˣǻ˵ôϻʲôְɣ
ãйӾ棬ϲйˣΪڣΪеĿݹǡ
ӡӾһЦһȻͳ
ÿ졣
ҲһȴҲ壬ӾԼͬһɲǣһѾʧһΣѾ̨һ࣬Ӿжʮɾ롣
Σ
ӡӾȻһЦȻһ֣ļ䣬һöƴ󣬰ɫӡ֮ϣֱչơ
һɿֲ̨֮ϣһУγɷ籩֮ơ
һӣҡ
״ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬䵽ԷϣûӾĴǣⲻӵĲͬ졣
ƷһӾ棬߿ʮֲóƷ
ֹӾ棬ղ칤ɽӣ彣߿ǱҲһƷ
ΣʵĲǲ࣬óٶرҲ˵ġοֻӵرҲУ
΢΢һЦͬһ֣ļһöմѪ߲
ƶɫӣ֮ϣ߲ݺᣬǷ˪֮⣬ѿһָ׳Ŀӡ
ƺа߰Ѫĳϣһ
Ѫ壿
棬ӡӾϣǵЦݣ͵һЩ
еˣǱƴһƴ˭ɣ
ߣ㲻ɣ
Ȼ䣬Ӿһҡɫӡ

ײĹ죬̨µˣһᣬʵֱͷۻڱðѪ
Ҫ˵̨ϵֱӣȻȴ޾ɫֱӹر˶ʶ󣬰˵ע뵽ԼеѪ֮ϡ
飬飡
һȦȦѪɫը·޵ѪѪ֮ϣϹţһ̨֮ϻײƴģ˭ĵʢ˭رǿһЩ
ֻǣ̨µЩˣѾʶģðǣòϵȥѾҪ˳ż֮⡣
ȻһǲϴֻǱּ˲٣С࣬Ѿǿܡ
Ҳһɫ԰ףǶ̨ϣսη岻ѡ
ձˣҲò˳̨ķΧֿ
ʮغϹ󣬶̨£һƬȻһˣżڣո֮ϣҲϽӿ˵һƬţֻʣ̨ϵˣڲ϶Թ
ȻֹغϺڣǿֳ˸£վԭأΡȻֻɫԲ԰ס
Ӿ棬۵һ³һѪ֮ϣԭɫʧ١
˵˭ָʹԸҵģ
ֳѪ壬齵ߵӾǰѹʡ
ߡ
Ӿɫ԰ףʮѿһ˿ǵĺ⡣
еӣӻͳһö̨֮ϣһֱ̨һһգż֮ȥ
˭
ȻٴκȵһΣѾһ㾫֮ʹ˻ʱӾһܵػһٴ³һѪ
ͷ޺޵ؿһ֪شֻ̨߲֮⣬ֻõȥĵӡܾ֡ɣ
˵仰ͷҲأһ߿ͬصġ彣߿뿪
ĵӣܾ֡ôǣ浽У
̨ϣһȻ漴뵽ʲôȻɫһ䣺Ȼұ󵷹ܾڣʥ
һ˲䣬һУͷǲɴޣǰЩ䡣
ԼˣԶǧ֮ңǼ档
ԭΪǵĴѹû뵽żϣܱơ
úݣúݣ
ҪԼ˽żĻᰡ˲·ɱ˸ĸҪ˵ǰ;ˣǲݵĳޡ
ҴӱżͻѨ˽һ³Թ֮ʱ
һ˾ʰ֮ϵöҲһԾ̨
Ȼɫѿѣǰʮöˣһʣࡣ
ԼڿԽżȥһ±չأܲͻѨֱһɳˡ
Ѩ
ձȥһߣ³ǣӦõӣȡʤҲΧ˹


294 붴

ӵ´һҾȻһϸţ˵ĸܾͬ
׼õʮöĿⲻ䣬һΣҪԷǲǻеӣԼ
ڵĶѨ֮ǰͬʯͬߣȻ˹޲ɫһ䡣
е߳ɣɫǱޱѿ
µսȻҲΧۡ
Ȼ¶µǧɣʲôˣѨǿߣѰŵܱȵ˵ġ
ԣʹңԶȻ涯Ȼ֪ڶ̨ϣһȡʮһʤɣ߿Ӿȶӣʮö顣
ԣһƫҪԽеĺ¹ٺǰ߹ʱʹͷװҲˡ
ž
һӣųʮöһԵǰʯ̨ϡ

㡭
ɫףǹģҲȻյսսûã䶯ǡ
˿̣ʮ񣬲ͨˣԸ˴ŵĵӣɢޣˣ֪˶̨ϣյһʮʤĴڣСӰ֡
ֻҪȥһ䣬ҪִӴߣ
ңһڶ̨ϣܡ롱ɣ彣߿ӡӾ벽Ѩӣȡʮʤģͨô
ǰ֪Ȼҵǣȴÿǣǲֵˡ
ԣǰȻԸΪ˹ӶˣһССڵӣ̵ô
ǣڣ֪ʮöĴƣȴԸΪˣԼǰ;ˡ
ˣɫ֮վǿаԼĵ׵ǹаѹ϶һٵЦݵ
ããҲյ׳٣ο֮Ϊ޵Ŀܺ󱲶ˡ
ԵȣΪѯֿʯңԼǼǡ
˵ִ꣬ʯһᣬǰ棬ֱӳ淭ȥ
״֮ͫУһĨ⡣
֪ǰ벿Ǽصǰʮţǰʮʯң棬ǼصıżУ붴Զĺʮʯҡ
Ҳû˵ʲôǶԷҵΧɲֱڡ
Ƭ̺ߺᣬ¶һ˿ЦݣǺЦӴϲһʮ˺ʯֿգԭ˵ʱ뿪ˣ׼ʹá
ǵڶʮ˺ҵƣȥɡ
˵꣬һ֣ӵһöЩľƣݵǰϣЦеص
ӹһԲתߡ
ȴֲԲЦһǧסʱֻһ£һº󣬲ûͻƣֻؽʮöƣʮɹˣԲҪŶ
ǺǣҼסˡ
ͷҲأص˵꣬תձѩǰ
ҽȥˣһ£ǾУúͻƣܳɹȻԴϲʧܡ
˵
˵ۣѩȼæֹסǿڵǵصôһɹģһСģ
һģϣɣһºټ
ټأ
˻ֳ֣־ƣһϣ˲䣬оϣȻһ
һתѾͶ֣ıżУ֮תһ˲ӰѾڱżʧ
ˣһɹģҲȥɣسǺúȡһ£һɹʣ絣ġ
á
ȥ
˷ȥȴûп߿ǵıӰЦݡ
ȥǺǣȻҳ֣Ϊ˽᣿
λӣɲʲô֮ôôװݣ
ҲգҲٲϣǣǱһλ칤ɽĸаɽһλ̫ϳڣʲô£ٺ٣Ҳǹҧһëȥ޹ء
Һڴһĵ
˵꣬ٺһЦЦģĵ﷢

֪ߺе뷨ʱѾһĻ֮С
˴ѨԽϣԽխ֮ⲻס˸ԣҫҲԵʮֹ졣
ʱѿҲ˲Щ
ŲϳϷģʯУ
һһңһϣһ£µ籩ġ
УͻòȶΣֱһ΢Ӱ죬ͷ½ϡ
ɢŵ΢⣬Լֻ˲Ҫɷ顣
ǱżصأԷǿٱڣҲܰˣѨڶĹؽԭ
ڣӦеȶΣܿȥͿƬ̺ٶȱǰһֵʯš
Щʯţý̻һīɫĶ֣һţжţţţʮš
ԽʯϵֺԽߣһʯţѾܿʮʯҵĴڡ
̵ĵڶʮ˺ţԶԶδƼ


295 Σյ
֪һǣżУʯԽϣԽá
⣬ڲͬŵƵߣѨλԽϣԽġ
ң£籩Ҳǿȶ
ԣ޴ﵽϰٱٱĵزһϢǧתްٱ䡣
У˵ܲȣһѵ顣
ȣģôôͻƣ
ԣʮң˴ʯʱͱ˺棬Ϊµҡ
ֻǳã߸ŲôܴλϵͣԼ󹩷ˣŻᱻŽЩط
һţţֱţʮţʮ䴦²ң򶼴ƽȣֲȵĵط
ԣңΣСͻѨѶҲͣԳɹ
ˣʮңΪֵģΪϵҡ
һȵģʮʮţʮңԱǰʮҲЩʮֲ֪ǿ˶ٱֳ֮Ϊеңмĵλ
ϣУȼŶȶͻΪԭ򣬶еġ
ǡ
ȶͻƣʮҵӡ
ǡǡ෴ͻѨʮʯңƷѨĸʷǳͣƷѨģһûС
ʮʯңΪԵܷ籩ǿңԣ־Ҫǿ˰ٱܵĥҪȱ˶ٱ
һͻƣõĳɾͣҲǱ˵ʮٱ
ͻƳɹѨƷϣٳƷżһƷ
żԺ󣬰˴ͻƷĵӣǻ⣬ѡʮҵĺ
кôȻҲлݼ¼ʮУͻƳɹѨȴǰʮҵʮ֮һٷ֮һ
Ҳ˵һаٷ֮߰ʮյˣǰʮУһͻơ
ʮУܾԵһݣᵼ¾ңѪ飬ĺͻѨҲûеġ
ȻͲΪµңʽˡ
ͻƶûͻƣЧٺãɹĳɾپˣкã
ԣЩʯңűӵȣ档
ѡ񣬶˿ԼľģԼ̬ˡ
֮ܶҲ˵ǰʮңƽȣͻѨ׳ɹɾͽС
ʮһʮмʮң΢м䣬׺ͳɾͶȣƫС
ʮһʮţʮңӰ죬ͻʧܣͻƵѶߣɹСͻϰҲࡣ
ǣһɹͻƳɹѨƷߣֱ죬ǿѨĳɾͣҲԶԶǰʮҵܺ͡
ܶˣѡʱ򣬶ԥһ˲󣬶ԸѡףȽ׳ɹͻѨġ
˻ѡ˰ٱһɹջǰʮǿһЩĺʮʯҡ
Ȼ⣬ЩˣԼмģһҪƷѨԲŻѡʮʯң˵ˡ
֪һ㣬ǣ֪ҲνֻҪ֣ѰҾˡ
ֲڶʮ˺Ҿ档
Ȼһ·ȥҵԽԽ󣬲Խϣܵ籩ҲȻࡣ
ʹòϤЧֱȫãᣬЩƲסεĸоˡ
Ȼ޷ȫϫزֻǿ١
һ˺ѰʹǿУһСѪ飬Ŀѹ÷ɳëϸѪܣƯڰС
Ȼǧ֮һɲǣЩСѪ飬ܵĳΪΪϸСˮӡ
УƯһɵѪζ
ɫȻһ䡣
о˲ͬ
˵ʮʯУ׵ȶΣչѰͻƣܲܰվѣ̸
ȻѡҪ·ͲһҧɴƹˤƺһˡԪѪ
һѪ֮˲֮ת£Ϣ˲䱩ǿɲֹϢһ·Ѩڷֹͣ
£ܵѹڼС˲٣ǣΪȼѪĺ֢Ҳʮֵԡ
ܱмѪܵΣգڣΪȼѪЩëϸѪܣһѡ
漴бһһϸСİɫѪЩѪһ޶СڿɢϢ
ߡ
һƺߣıʹ࣬Щ˺ѶըѪ飬ڲиǴһʹҵĸо
ǣûзĬ徻ҾиһöϿеĳͭƬ
˲䣬һĸоļ䣬ܵѹʱС˲١
Ч
һϲȫеĳͭƬϣͬʱ徻Ҿø
һЧƺˣָе
һ֮漴׹徲Ҿ徲ҾȻ徲ңôȻҪѭ򽥽׷г
ǼðëëЧȻۡ
ȻӦ֮ƽľȫᣬֻѭһ⣬Ĭ徲Ҿ
ڣǵ⣬ϷŴ󣬱еĳͭƬںһ
˲䣬оһᣬ˲ٴվΣ·ƵģƮȥ
ʮһš
ʮš
ʮšʮšʮߺšʮ˺ţ
ڣͷʯ֮һİʯţһ䰵ʯ֮ϣĸī̴֡
ʮң
ˣһЦºԥٳղľƣֱӳϴһ⡣
Ӧ˲䣬ʯ֮Ϣ¶һ϶
һݣѾУһЩƾɣٲݱ֯ɵ֮ϡ
š
ЩҲ֮ͨܰ񣬸ٲ֯ɣ۸񲻷ơ
Ǳżǰڵϣ֮ڣ˲ŵҡԣͶʻǿ϶Ҫġ
ˣڸ߲㣬ڴЩʯҵʱ򣬾ÿʯ֮УԶһţҲʡЩÿҪ
ֶ֮࣬ͻ˾ûʲôá
Ͼżֵ̫󣬳Ǿͻ֮ʱƽʱҲûʲôãңЧҲżԡ
ˣƽ磬ȻûʲôùֻһЩѨǿߣͻƾʱûǮһߣҲ͸ӵܡ
Ͼ˵κһСͻƣʮѵ顣
ǧ֮һ֮һļʣԸⲻϧһдȥɵġ
֮ϺʱоߵʱմҵĸоٴϮ
徲ҾټϳͭƬԼŵİ£վǿάƽ⡣
ʱпգһܡ
ȻһյʯңԲ߾룬һС
ҳʯ̨Լʯ̨֮⣬һƬͺͺģª
ۼ⣬ʯű󣬿ط
ǰڸ߲㣬żʯʱ󷨴ʦƵģܰ˼ѹõͻѨ
ȻʹͨѨӣҲʯҪ˵ͻˡ
Ϊʵ̫ѰˣżУΣյʮеΣҡ
ֱģнڣһжң˼άԱƽûجج
ͻƳΪѨϼѣԭһ٣ǰٲһ
ȻѾʮöֻҲֻˣûҪƽ̫࣬˷ʱЩ档
ˣһ֮漴ԥֶ룬һŬӦߵ
һһָ֣Ĵ֮ϣһԵذڷǰʯ̨֮ϡ


296 ħ
һö壬ŵҩԼһö״Ƴ֮ͭƬ
Ϊ˴ͻ׼һ֮ģˮ壬ħ۵Լһ֮һͭƬ
һأɹ徲ҹԼգʶķӰ⴦żˡ
ڷ֮һ£ץסˮ壬ַճͭƬ
һߵֵܶ㸲ֹԼضţһŬ˼ԼӦôС
Ѩ
ʲôѨôͻѨ
֮ǰ϶ϣҲ˽һЩĵᣬȻԴ˲һ֪
޵߶ԣѨһγ׵׵һ޵ߣ޵磬Ƿӵһϯ֮أͷԼؿ
ײ㣬ҲǸŵĵӣ࣬ʵߣλ£ܶ໹һ޵磬΢
ԪһǾӢˣʹڸУҲԳΪڵӣӡ
ǣȻֻǵһոȥɬڳδ֮䡣
Ѩ൱ڳ׳죬䣬ӵпɣߵ
κһѨ˴УǾӰС
һ㣬֮ЩѨӣͻΪŵĳϣִ£߸δǰ;УЩѨҲǹΪ֮һ
Ҳ˵Ѩɹ
ǣͻѨͻѨżȴҲòȴһϣɾ꣬
ͻѨķǵһߣڽ¯࣬ޱȾ⣬޷ٽĵز֮
ͿԳԼĵУٴο٣۳һ֮Ѩ
⴦֮ѨͬǿѨ֮Уеת
״һγɣͬһۣţסתԶУͬˮԣ͡
³ģΪԪֱӻΪʿҪĵ
̤ѨǿߣͻԪǿߣĲͬǿԴԴϢ
Ҳ˵ôģѨ֮еۣԴԴϵĴԪУͳҪĵֲָ
˵ǣѨǿߣʱ򣬳㶯þУܴ߱Լ˷ѨĻָѱܡ
ȻԵʵѹƣ˵
䣬ǿ߱ѨܹҲûмҲôϣǸպȤԸ㡣
ԣõġ
Ѩİ취ǸشԦˮԼڵľȫڵУϽѹ۳һת֮
ת֮νѨ
Ѩһγɣ򴨴ϢѨл᲻µĵԭǿ˲֪ٱ
ͬĵԪǿ߿Գ֮һǣѨǿߣԷһһҹۡ
ǲࡣ
֮Ĳ
ڣҪż֮УǲתԼڵĵϽѹתעԼķˮ۳һԶɢ
ǣ˵ףѣ֪жٰ벽Ѩ۷ǿߣһ粻֪꣬ܵɡ
ͻƵģܸγɲµ
γɣе۲ȣͻȻըһ¸ȫϣڷ֪١
˵һʮգֲòеѹء
ѹʮѣգܺһȣһըǸǻԵѡ
ǰ߻ȵأߣĿˡ
ԣͻѨļؿ֮һȷԼ۳ɵͻȻɢҪõˮϵԭ
Һã˶ѾҵˡһʶеķӰȻĹҵĶ֮һˮˡ

˼תһչϸϸ˼֮󣬵ڶջƻ裬ʼԣѹ۳ĳΡ
Ѵﵽ벽Ѩ۷壬־ѱò֪ྫԣһֱӺԡ
ڶѹȴǲܿ
ԣҪеģڵУеѹγΪһԶתµĵ֮
ճͭƬһſڣöɫף·ԲȦԲȦЩֵĵҩ󣬱۾
һɹֵв˳ž˲뵽ĵΪһССķת
ܳʱ䲻᳤ֻʱҪץʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣԼĵϣԭǵɢܱ֮糣ת
Ƕ֮ˡ
ܶˣͻѨĵһѹأǲ֪ΰѹĵѹһΪ̬̫ˡ
˶ͻԶĵУһʱԵķ
Ըŵ൱ѨǿĳΣܲ˽׳ɹͿĻԼ컯ˡ
ҵ֪ʱʱһζԣСصԼڵһƵ֮ȥ
Ȼոչȥ顱һ죬˲䣬Ƶ漴ǵɢӰ٣·ڹ
̫Сˡ
üֽһƸһЩĵȥ
Ȼ̫ˣǵγɵ΢Сһϸ΢ҡΣɢ
ڽ֮󣬵䵽֮ϣһΣܵòѪ
û٣һβɣΣβɣΡβɣǾʮΰٴΡǧΡһλɹ
ϳԣӻԼȥĵڣһʮҵģɹһƵϡ
˳ŷתɢ΢΢Ө⣬Ҳ֮תԽԽ졣
תҲٵɢò˶ãͻֱӰ١
ǣģΪйһγɹ׵öˡȻĲϸӣĵᣬֱӽײȥҲһͬһתȻС
תҲϣԽԽ࣬γһİ׼롣
ԭö͸ҩУγһһЩĵ
֮Ѩĳˣǲ˵ͳɹˣΪⲻǵһ裬ѵĻں档
ǾαȶԼԺ󲻻ɢ
ΪѵĲ裬Ϊǰ۵Ĳ趼ǻ̸Ѩ
ˣŶγɵ΢Сڣ˵ڶ裬Ҳνģѹ
ֻѹĵֱӼѹԭҩ󳹵̣ͺǼܽ䶨һؽһ
һ֮УҪķˮ壬Уʹշˮȣǿܲϵתȥȶ
ʱһһţޱãغᡣ
֮ϣҲ֮⣬ӳú죬Ī⣬һĨɭ
ȻѹУĿ飬ͬȫȴ˳ֻӳŵеģȻ

һ˿˿Ϊżתɽ룬ĵ
Щɲסѹ䲻ȶ֮ϣһǵâ
ЩâıΪ֮СһЩ
״ϲ֪Ϊʲôżôܻӭ
ֻбż֮ڲеʣǰȶѨĲҩ
Ҳ֪ЩǸ̫٣ܲܳɹҪԼ
ѹѹ
飬飡
ǵ֮еĵ֮·һ㷢죬С
Ȼ˱żʵӰ죬ðһЩȻʱбɢըΣա
ǣɴֻҪ֤ɢС
漴һʶ뵽Լеöˮ֮ϣһԺУһιԺǷεڻ
Уͬನ첨εǳǷˮ֮еˮ֮á
գᡣ

ˮϯͬ󺣱Եۿһѩ׵˻䣬Ȼϸ߿գʯ׷飬ʴֻ»ߵĺۼ
֮£
ÿһ̲϶ɫ޵ıǣ泱ˮĴСϺں̲ϲá
Զʪ󺣷̲Ҳ漴øïʢ̡
Уǲͬ
ͬ纣·һƬ΢ҶвƯʱб˺ɷļ
飬⣬ܴ߻絽ʱҲ̷
գᡭ
磬Ҳи棻ˮҲͬ
ѵˮ֮壬Ǹ᣿
ɻ˲䣬ԺУöεĻܵǣɢһâ
Уöƴ󣬱ɫ壬Ҳϵŵֻ룬ͬ˹۾Уɫӳճǿյĳ
ʱ֮󣬳ڷˮеȻ֪ʱ֮š
ֱžһУöɶγɵ΢Сҩľɢȥ
ڣǵոճͣûüúø򣬴ˮĳʱһɢ
ŵһæȣȻˣת˲ʮȦͷ·һߣŲ
գһ֮һһ·ɢıܣָֻԭģ
ΪɢĳĵҲʹ֮ϣ漴ϸϸܵѪ顣
Уʧˣ
Ȼ̧ͷ뵽ûǰףҲû뵽ѾҪ۳ɹԾѡ
ѨȻһ͵飬ֻĥ
ȻǣҲھͷˡ
ڷ˷ѣԼȶೢԼΣʧܼΣ˾飬Ч֮һٷ£춨ʤ
˼ѶλãһȻھûа취ˣֻǿѨ
ڣٻһϣ
ϣڣж

ʱ䣬ڲ飬ö£֮ǰһ΢ĸܣϳѹ
һ棬շˮ壬ʶԺеķӰϸ磬ˮռ塣
磬ˮ

ԺУƺһ⣬ڲ˸Ÿļʱţ⣬֣Уѿ׳ɳ
ǣԲȻ
ʱһһȥ
һ죬죬죬죬ʮ죬ʮ죬ʮ죬ʮ졭
գۣѾȥ˴£һµޣѾֻʣˡ
ڷˮĸоԽԽ࣬ԽԽӣҲİյһЩɡ
̫ɢ̫ԳᲢãиᣬĹؽ
뷨֮󣬹ȻʱȻࡣ
ʹûзһǣѾƾ۳һˡ
תɢâǵ㣬ͬӨ
ģоԼʶѨ뿪ڵ磬Īͷա
µأʯѨʯѨУǸ֮ϣһӺ
ƬǿУĺϢޣ಻ϢתķһƬҶƮƵģ׹أֱһ
ˮ
Ȼ䣬ЩУƬҶԣ޶˳ˮĺۼ
ˮתģůҶĹתȦģɢĻ
Χľ
仯һƬƬëʼƮ䣬ѩѩ׵ë·һƬƬѩεΪ׳ۡ
ĪһĴָСЩԳʰɫ·΢ᣬ˸ǻۣζ
ǡһ˿켣ļˡ
ʱþӨ·˿͸һζƺѾغΪһ塣
˺һ
ѨУ뾭ܵ˴
Ȼһ˿ϲ
ϲУȻ䣬Ȼ˲
˫쳣峺͸ᶨһζԳѨһ޴ġ
Ŀ·ܴ͸塢һԷΣģ⣬ԴﵽΪ۷ı֡
飬֪ʱѵãϽһִ֣ӴУȡһö棬׼õġ
һͷ˸С
ʱҩɢһ΢͵Сͷֳĵ
һµĲϳԣ飬ѾΪḻ顣
һ᲻ȴּ೤İɫʱתţȫöСС΢ǳɫ֮ϡ
ʱˮᣬͬʱܲϽõȣѹøΪһ˿΢΢Ĺ
ֻ۵Ĺǵɫͱһöİ׼룬мһпգ·Ƶķۣһöɼ׵ĺѨ
ͬȪˮһӿȥִ¶УԶıһȶĸо
ԴԴϢ
ɣ
һΣûнҪ߱ըĸо൱ȶԪҲʮֿ٣˸ŵӨ⣬Ʒʮֲ
һЦҪԱչоѣȻɵһɲǼ䣬Ȼһ
һЩֵͷȻ׷ļ£ϳһ·ֽһ㣬ޱĺɫħͷ
ħͷһͻȻͻ⣬һӣгһһѪĳһնͳĲն
棬Ѿŵϵʱһһ£ħ
ͻѨʱǰѹѣվн֮޵ҪԵģһѹأҲѵһѹأħ
ħ٣ɢѨʹٳɹҲṦһΪˣ
ܾôţһа취ģԣ취
۾һ֮ǰͶħй˽⣬֪ͻѨʱͷΪɵʱؽУľӣħӰ죬Ͷħ
ǣΪƽʱıǻֻþ飬ħҲΪǿ
֮ǰǰأ׼Ķ࣬ħȴΪɵ׼ҲΪḻġ
һ˲䣬ƣеöͭƬ˶ͷһס˲䣬ͷϱ㴫һ쳣ĸоͷԶʱΪ֮һ塣
һץʯ̨ϵһöҩУǺȻһöΣڰ̣е֮תֵҩֱһ˸С


297 ʮһ
ҩ븹˲䣬Һڡ
ֻãһɹĽâҩҺлס˸Լȫ
󣬽ԼĵʶЩΪаͷһһɢ
ʹΪǿΪż翹ͷɽâǰҲͬһѩ׷ױ⡣
˲䣬ԭЩаͷ֮ܳʱֱָֻۣ֫ů֫ٺһƬůģ˵
ħ۵ڴʱõǰʮĽ֮һ԰˵һδħ
ǽѨرĵҩ֮һʮ
Һ׼һöҩ
徲Ҿһɫ֮вתײ
ʱǰǵֵնĺɫˣͻȻһ·޸֮ˮһ㣬ɢѩڣ˲ʧӰ٣·ûгֹһ
ħֻ֮Իʵ壬аͷһȻɢ
ʱ
ͬྡشأζ޾£ͷ䣬עʶ
ӡһؾ磬һ׻ɱѨѨ۷壬в
ͭƬһĽɫַգȻһƪƷ߽ķ
껨ӿżУ֣͵ɫ꣬
ǳ֮˸ĶѨԭޱɭ˿̺ȻɼҸأ죬
аͯл׶̧Σӭݡ
Ůͷϣ֦¶ƮƮ
ΧתĿ磬Ȼ͵һɰ׻׷ԣͷİƣ½£һΪݡ
绢Ů֮࣬ǣѨ࣡
ϲ֪ԼɵѨضǱѰֻƷпǴ˵
뵽ƷԼ˵мͷС֮ڵ
ʱһǧǳƣǹڵţת
һȥȻͷ·޾ĴأΪһţסתǧΣÿһתȻһࡣ
˵Ѩ
ȵĿɿڴ漴ӿɺ飬ŶȻбչصʯңȫ򿪡
һ˴ŵĶӣԼĤݣףء
ԭߺ֮һġʱŪʱҲȺУһһ֮ǰڱżǰЦԼ˵ģ
̤Ц˾ηݵĿУ뿪Ѩӿ̲סһХ
Хʯͬ
˲䣬ԭȺڶѨ֮⣬֪չ죬ǰͻƳأѵȺڲձˣһ̧ͷ
ԭһǣʧܣʱӰϤ˲䣬һͬվϲɫӭ
ǣ
ͻˣɹˣ
ɹˣ
һ̣ϲӵЦһĵǣη壬ȫʧ٣ϲãԭԥҲֹͬ
һ̣ǶԼѨҲģͬǶѨ֮⣬
ɹˡ
ˡ
һˣ̤ųĳϼòӶĿһʱɱӡ
һ̣ͨӡ
һ̣޵һأͨС
һ̣ʽΪʮλ֮һǰʮǰ;ǲ
һ̣ڴһСϣӵԼһϯ֮ء
һѨõдա
سǡ
ۣһ֣緢
漴˻ع飬ߵĳϣִ£ȫӭ˳ٰʢ칦ϯ
ʮɹֱθձǽżͻơ
һΣٲԴǵʯ֮ǰġ
˭˵ͻʱǷӿ绢һĿ֪࣬ǰ;Ȼ˭Ҳҵֻʣͽᡣ
ºձ˳ͻѨڴʱѩҲ˻Ԫ۷塣
ǴΣɹһö㲩ʮһöʣʮ
ʹձʮɴ´࣬ʱȻʣɹ
ԣֻʮɹѩ붴
һºѩҲɹͻѨأ󣬶ҺȻҲƷѨ
˸飬һڣܵŵʢӭһѨȫδУϲ
ЮʽΪѨ֮ٲԭܵżıԵ£ǺȻһٳΪʽ߷֮һ飬߷Ȩ
ձѩҲʽ󣬳ΪĶ֮
ǿˡ
һ֮ͻѨڣ֮Ѩڣ֮Ѩ۷壬ɱڣʥڱ֮ñĽٽ⡣
֮󣬰˴֣صţǱĿޣ䣬ķ飬
ڣھӡͭƬصƷ߽ķԼ˵Ѩİ֮£һأ̤ˮ³չؿޣڣͻƷ
죬ϿգĶƣͥѩԳӭӣ˴ǰ
ڹΪʮ󣬡ѩλ£һʱ
ģеįǣ֮λһķӦѩ顣
ζȥ뿪½ǰŴݣѰҸߵش
־꣬л㱣ڤڤһգ;һСѪһ߹ɽۣ֮չء
ʶĪģٴδﵽǿգֻ˸شۣ˸Ȼһ˿ڵ⡭
ۿΪ磬ǧϹ֮Ҳûеһλ棬ڴʱȻ۾
֣ԼȻѾƿʯ֮ţ˶Ѩ棬һֻ̤аֻż֮ϣҪԨ
ͷΪһûϴûѣ񲣬۾Ѫ˫վ࣬һƬ죬̵ˣλðĸо
棬·ţɭϢͬŴ͵ħڳҧ£Ծ
֮תԵЩɭֲ֮أҰ޵׸֣˻֣ͬ
ʱŷ֣ԼȻԴħ֮УʱΪħնʵħĻûԼΪնħɹѡ
ħȻôǿ󣬻ӰӰ˵飬ԼĲ֪ΣԽԽ̤ٲԨ
ҺãҺá
һ£ɫʮѿʱ׵
ܼѨ֮УһĹ졣
Աһʯ֮Уз紵ţʯ֮ϣгһġɡ֡
֮ϣƮ߲꣬һ޴Ĺֱþδɢȴһ˿Ѫ֮⣬ԵЩа
ǣͻѨԽңԱʯң˭ģ
ؽʱ̣պ̤Ѩ࣬ңֻһ޷Ӹղħþֱһ̤ɢ
Ťͷʯš
ʯţżһʯţҲǺڵĶʮ˲еʯ֮һǡеʮ
ʮˣжʮţʮ
һʯңҲΣյʯ֮һ˭ͻѨ˹صľ
ڴʱʯţҲвٱһһƿȻҲ棬֪淢䣬̽ͷ


298 ̤۹Ѩϣ
˿ǴܲʯţʯЩĪġɡ֣ɫʱһ䡣
һӵ꿪ڵ֪ˣǡʱŪڵʯң˵Ƕʮ֮ǰĴţ˵Ҫġ
ƾݵλ϶ϵҡʱûϵңҲ϶ҪһеҸ
ȴҪѡµңµеµȣΣյһ˵Ϊʧܣû뵽Ȼɹˣ
һ˵Ѩ϶ǷƷֻƷпƷ
ƷƷ
˶ʱɻȻһ۷׷ף׷ײ²ʱŪͻƵѨǼƷƷƷࡣ
Щ˵ĶԻȴǻȻ򣬼ʯǰԼ˱ŪһЦ
ȡƣżԼʱþԼ֮ǰ졣
ʱ䣬Ҳǽˡ
Ȼ
ʯУԼΪڣһھӣ֮ԼһģȻߺ֮УԭߺǸʱŪ
ļǵãӰʱԵĲ죬ΪһѪֻͬЦӡ̣
˵컨Ȼǵߺ֮һʱǳԾš
ڣû뵽ԼԱߣһңҾڽͻѨģȻǸֻһ֮ԵġʱŪ
ҲΪΣУͻѨŪģ˵ʲ
ٽʯ֮ϵ֮Ź֣ϴѪ߷ƣһҲ˿ˡ
ҪǣеӦиʯҸãƫãҪѡһΣʯңΪͻѨ֮õġ
һ˷ʤҲ·ƵġʱŪ˭
𣬵ڵѨ
²ԷǼƷҲ֪Բ򵥣һͣԡĸо
뵽ȥΪԼŵĴʦ֡סһβǻع飬ҲȻ
˶ûжȴΪ֪ʱһ֣һͻѨġʱŪֻϾҪˡ
Ȼʱһһţܿ죬֨һʯŴ򿪣ǵĺɫӰһ߳
ÿһ̤˵ļϣڱ˵ϣתһĵϡ
ȻΪ⣬ſ񣬻ݰ˴кʱȴȻȻתͷ򶫷һ˲ЩأЩȣѿ
󲿷ɻ󲻽⣬׷ʲô£漴˳ķһ̧ͷȥȴһãɷ׷Ȼ
ΪͻƣʱŪӱջˣԳֳȻȺУȴһˣȽ⣬ΪҲӦˡ
ңԶĶ֮ϣһʮģĵط˵ǧ֮ңǣȴһɾ޴Ĳ֮ʱŪͻѨʱҪǿʮ٣ٱĲڲϵ
󣬾ͻ֣ᷢŽ֮һϴ£˷޾ĺˮϸ߿գϼ
ؼһ޴Ż̳ͬɣŻϵϹ׭ģΧǳ֮໷ơ
ǰ죬յһ˸ɫԣ˸⣬֡
֮ʱȻʵδȥֻ¹ⲻ̫̫ǿңۿѡ
ʱһ֣ҺȻɫԵá
һľܹͬ¹һ㡣ǶŹ¹ù̫֮УҲ
˶ɻ󲻽⣬֪˿̣󲿷ѨûиӦǣЩݸصļǿߣȴһ̧ͷиӦɫ䣬˶Ϸ
ڵķ
һƬɫĻϿճ֣˷ԲʮķΧϳɢմﵽǧ
һ£뷢԰ףؿڵĺֱ£֪˶ߣվһɽۣ֮Զϣ૵صˣӴƿˣǣ࣡
ôܣ˭ѵ󣿡
УпͻƷġ콣ˡԭ棬ǸҲԶûмͻƵĴš
Īǣ˭һλصǿߣĳչصɢͬһ棿
Ҳ֪˵Լ˵Ӧ
֮⣬أ飬ģ򣬽вǿ̧ͷתͷķɫ졣
һزɫǳ࣬ʾһʱŽɢƽϢưףǳ
˭Ҳ֪һ죬ﵽڵĲǿߣѩأһ뿪չصĹʧ
˭Ҳ֪һ죬ʲô
ֻ֪һģӰ·һ㣬֮󣬺Ȼķ򣬳սķ

֮⡣
ս
żڡ
ߣ
Ȼһغߣ쳹жڵĵڡ
Ūתͷ˶ɫЩѿȻһһ˾ͷ·һ޵ĺӰֱӴӱżϿ䣬գʧ
Ȼȥˡ
ıӰһȻһ̾һѨλȻͬˣʱŪԭѨʱֻǻعˣҲʲô
ֻǶ̶ʱڣܴӴ䳾ع۷壬ʱȻ̣ȱ£Ҳǳˡ
뵽ߺ֮һҪˣһȥضǵ𶯣ڸ߲ĹעЩڰ벽ѨƿþòͻƵǣȻЩĽЩۺ졣
գЩΪʱû޷ȥػʯңбչأϣʱŪͻƴĺҲӦԼϣܲܣǾֻ֪ˡ
һʯ¹رգҲȻһľлعҡҡͷ»صԼʯңš
֪ղһͻĲʲô֪һǷʲô£ͻƣʲôĵر
ֻǣʲôͻƣʱŪʮٱƣʲôĵرܴ˷ࣿ
֪Ҳ֪ԼĲˣֲ˵ûУȥغ֮ߣǧ֮ңҲϲȥ
ϻȥлԵҲˣ类ȡߡ
ԣصʯ֮󣬻Ŭȡ죬ͻԼѨȻٻȥձõˣٿɡ

һħţȻǱʱŪͻѣǣҲ׼
һħʱη壬ࡣ
ԭղžİƣ£ǷһΣЦ
ȻеһУȻ飬ǣȻʵһԺ
һ죬ܴﵽ̤ݣ£治һ
һΣ飬Ҳõһμٴͻʱ࣬࣬޹ؿ


299 ̤۹Ѩ£
Ȼͷʯ̨ħ۵ڣҲڡ
¶֮ǰʶ̫飬ӦǳʱͲ֪ħĻþԼΪʵξ֮жѡ
ڣη壬漴һͬʱ̷öҩȻ󣬱Ŀ
ڼ漴Ϊ΢ͷĵ
󣬵ѸϣƬ̼䣬ɫСȻΡ
ȻЩٵģЩ飬ȴʵУϾħļʶԶȣԷø
״ϲȲӿٶ
Ƭ̺ħȻ׼徲ҹתħ۵ҩֳֳͭƬֱħؿڡ
˲䣬һɢԵסһһΣûƻõĸоʱһζš
ͻе֪ʱţڵĵ۵Խȶ̣ɢŵİâ֪ʲôƷףƺɲ˵ʲô
ֻǣʲôҲ֪
ٲеɥѵͻѨľ𣿶飬Ȼܳɹ
ֻоһ㣬һ㣬޷Ǹϣһء
֮ǰξУֵѷĸо֡
ڴʱȻѣΪʯǰڡ顱öʱ䵽ˣ뿪
Ŷ~~
͵طӦʱȻˣһ֮
ͷ˿ԼһµʯңȻ˴˼ªСĿռ䣬ǱԣȴĪЩᡣ
뵽ֻһţͻƣȴǡÿһؿĪһ˿ա
ˣʰһ£
ػصҲ֪ʯʱƵġ
˲һֱţϵ˹Ҳ֪ʲôʱͻƣȥ֧һɹȰɹ׸ձˣܲͻƣ
ԥ˲䣬ӦȴѾˡ
״֪뿪ˣǣʰһ¶ƿţ׼뿪
ǣؿȴһֻؿڱƵرܣҪը
ȴҲ滺ķʽֻܵͷԾ³׺˪ʯ
߹飬һֱʮֵӣڴʱżĶڡ
ȵѹһᣬͬȻһɡ
ڴʱһֵʱ򣬳Ӷ𣬴һٻɫ֮⡣
³ؾ֮
飡
Ȼ䣬ֻһȻһǿڵʹĲڣȻ
һ£ѹƣܣȫһ̣ɢؿڴ򿪿ݣȻ죬³һ
Ȼ֮䣬Х
ͷһɫĳʮȦ֮󣬷ɢ
쳹ص쳹ֱѪǰߵķɱޣ࣬һ
ǧ֮⣬ѪǰһصɽУһ֧СӣһȺ޲ɱ
֧࣬жʮ߰ˣŮ٣ЩޣҲнʮͷʵǿײбŰ
˫ѷѽ⣬෽ѷһҲǿƾС
սļȥˣӪֻʣʮˣԭʿʬ壬һ꣬һλ׷ˡ
ʢһСӼ
ʱ쳤ХͻѨһ̴ʱһͷͿϣݺ߿յİɫ
ǣͻѨˣ
ãǰһѨֶһǵƸӲˡ
Ӫ޶һ죬ɽ
ӪһƴʢЮѪս⣬֮У񹥶ȥ
˲䣬˫λܿ죬ԭĿ꣬ʮʬ壬ֻǱӴܶȥ
֪ΪͻƣʱѪսϣȻӰ죬ŤתһСսս֡
ʱЩ㶵վڱżڴΪʶУǸʧãϤޱȵĿտ鵭ĮٴԺ
Ѩӡڶ̬תǷתߣ췣֮
ת
ʲô
⣬̬תȴһͷˮˡ
֪ʱҴȴľȻûڶⷢձѩ˵ȴټ
Щ֣˵֪ԼճأܳɲɹӦû˵Ⱥǡ
ʱЩʱ䡣
ɱոȣֱӹ̨ڻɽΧﴦһ۵Сɽ¿һССĶѨʮƧһʯͷס֮󣬾ϥ£˵ڶεıչء
ʱлᣬһϸϸԺиղųֵǵ쵭Į
Ѩӡڶ̬תǷתߣ췣֮
ת
ʶ˲䣬֮УһΡȻϽӡٴ֣ɢǧâ
ӡ֮ϵϽޣƺһۣһ£ĸоͷ


300 ͫ
һ˵أӡƺ޾֮ǵԼԼڲ
بޣգ
ɱɱɱɱɱ
ľʶͬһƬɫƺ󳪣·ŭףƺ˷һƬڣƺҲе˽յĲͬΡ
ʶһ˲仯ţӡ֮С
һУһʶ˲仯ȫо˲ͬ
ϸϸ֮ڲɻȻν̬ת롰췣ô¡
췣ʣǽ췣֮ؾ硣
ʱ췣֮Իɱ󲿷ݵѨǿߣвٲݷ
̬תֻСѨ׾â֮󣬾رǿ󣬲ſǿд߶ſγɵ̬
̬԰Ѿӡ뵽ĳһ٣Ǹ٣ӵоӡ
ңһ֮󣬾ӡԸɳɳһǹ̶ġ
Ҳ˵ԺҪƹΪӡǸΪ
㹻ʱľ޷߶
ĺôǣپھŴΣֻҪľܹܣʮΣٴΣǧζܡ
ʱһʼʱܼһĵ췣֮
ǣΪǿ󣬾ܷҲ֮
Ҳ˵ѨʱֻܷвѨڵ췣֮ѨʱвѨڣѨʱвѨ۷塣
㵽Ѩ۷ʱܻɱ
⣬ԭ̬ϣǾ޷ġ
ӡǿҲһޡ
Ǿǣ췣ֻܻ֮ɱ󲿷ѨµĴڣѨ۷Щǿδˣв޷ֱӻɱ
ǣڶ̬ľӡһزҲգѨɱĵز
ңĪǵĵ췣֮޷ġ
ңתһɲģѨʱӵǿתĻᡣ
ת۾ͱȽϴˣҲܴһ˿ɫʣ֮췣
޷췣ܱ֮ش
Ǿǵòʧˡ
ԣֻ漴ѡڶ̬ת
ʲôЦ췣ֻ֮ǹ̶
̬תӵĪ⣬ǿвɱ
ǿһ
ңҪʱתҪһ۶ѡ
ǣ浽ҪʱǵۣʲôʱһжҪˣЩۣڡ
ѡ˲䣬Ϲأһʶȫȫ΢΢һ飬ǰѡ
ӡٺָܶ࣬ͣ۾ӣ䣬˫㣬⣬米
ǧٹ֣һУת֮ǴطͻӵĪľӡҲǳΪȫǿһҲصһ
룬ѡ۾ΪԼĻͫħӡѰ͸ԴսԼͫĶ۾
ʱ򣬿ںϣӳ󣬸õҲһһڶЧ
ѡ˲䣬ӡϹţֻʶһʹ漴˾ͱ˳
漴ӡΪһϹ⣬һСֱͶ˫ۡ
˲䣬ȫһ˫һ飬йݵĺڰͫ׳ѪĸоһָҶһ峺֮⡣
׸оԼ˫ͫòһˡ
ͬʱʶеǾ߾ӡҲʧֻʣһ߷Ӱﲻתɢâ
ˣ
Ϊʲôҵ𵴣߲ǰӦȡǣȴף룬۾˫ۿڰĶѨ
ΪһСѨҶʯסԲԴĴһƬڡ
ԭƾʱҲֻģһӰӣǴ߷ͫĴĳ
ʱ֣ô߶ԼӣѾܿһ˺֡
ЩоһԼȫ߷ƺܴ͸ǿʯĳЩ졣
ǰûġ
һ澵ӣԾգͻ֣ᷢԼ飬ʱȻɫɫ·ˮһ峺͸һµĸо
ͣ
һһ£
˲䣬һɫڶѨǰ֮
棬ɢŵĺâȻЩһֻȼյĻˣֻСһЩյܵնЩ΢΢̮ѡ
ȥֻȥܸоǻĿֲ
ҡҡͷһ֣ɢһ
˲䣬飡
һ죬ѨУƾһһ߳ɫ׵磬Ťţ棬˲䣬Ѩɫһ䣬æһΣײʯ
뿪󲻾ã顱ѨڵСɽһ̳֮УȻը飬Ȼήȥ
̳ڿն𣬷·һĩľ
վԶأĿɿڴ
ǣԳ棬ڳܵľˡ
׻֮ͫ췣֮ܡ
Ҳ֣ԼľЩֻٵһʱ䣬ܴٷˡ
Ҳ㹻ˣ飬ҲףԼڴܷҲѨҵĵز
ԼͻѨڣһء
ӦԶƮѸٳ߾ԼɵĶ˸֪Χۡ
ץסѯʣһѸٴԭ뿪ˡ
뿪󣬹Ȼкܶڶ̨µİڵӣ˴˵ء
ȴֻһƬ̳ԭһСɽĵطױһСƽأʧ


301 Ѩ
뿪ǴСɽ֮һƧ֮أϥ£Ȼ뵤ﲿλ֮
ʱлᣬһԼͻƵѨʲô
ֻ֮УһȦɫĺҴСڲתÿתһȦȦɫһ֡
ȻЩɫ壬Χ˿ߵӣΧתȻ󲻶ϱġۡȥ
˶ãǴۡ³һ˿˿ӨɫɢǵĹâ뵽֫ٺ
ĵ֮ˣսУĻָ֮
֪ģѨǷ֮ܣǼƷ
ÿ˵츳ʲͬͻƵĹ̾ͬͻƵʱﲻͬͻƳɹѨǧٹֳ֣ƺ֮档
硰Ѩʹ̺ı˱ʯβľȣջγһﳲģѨۣɫֻ졣
硰ѨǡʱŪͻƵѨˣѨһȽȽţ³ģΪĻϵܡ
硰Ѩ״ͬһգнڷ衣
硰ǳѨѨͬһתƣ֪ǿѨ֮һĪ⣬³Ļǳܡ
ڻУԼͻƵѨǳģֻмߵļƷǳѨ˼
ʱȻܱĻ룬˵Ѩ½϶û˵Ҫ˵
ҲУ½ûС
ƷѨ֮٣ʮ궼ѵóһҳֵģҲеƷƷ
ƷƷǰ꣬ǧܳһĴڡ
֮⣬ѨѨڰѨľѨˮѨѨȵȣһ㣬
ѨƷףʮҪţһսУܳսʱж١
ѨƷƷԽߣѨ˲³ĵŸࡣ
ѨһƷɳģÿһϢֻȫٷ֮һ
ٷ֮һȻˣҲάһս裬ʱսѡ
Ҫ˵սˣƼϢʱ䣬ϡָĵٶȣֻܡ
ѨƷƷҪǿһ㣬Ҳǿ˶١
ѨƷÿϢ䣬ָܻĵȫİٷ֮һ
Ʒٷ֮һ
ƷѨȫͬˡ
͵ƷѨҲܴﵽٷ֮һάһѨǿսжˡ
ѨƷǴﵽ˰ٷ֮һԴԴżսһ£ܰ쵽
ߵѨƷǴﵽ˾˵ʮ֮һ
ʲô
Ҫ֪һѨǿߣڵĵ֮ԶԪ˵ֺ֧ܸǿȳʱս
ټٷ֮һʮ֮һĻָٶȣϾ
ƷѨǸǲˡ
ƷѨĻָٶʮһ
ƷѨǶʮһ
ƷѨʮһ
˵Ѩ˵ÿһϢʱ䣬ָܻȫĵ־磬ͨġ
ֻܰ쵽
ȻԼǴ˵Ѩԣϸ̽飬ԼеѨգȷһƷѨ
ҲƷеƷƷ
⣬ʹ˷Ӱˮ壬ħ۵һϵĵرڱżصرչؿ޵£ܴɵƷ
ˣʣҲƷѨĳ̶ȣѨѣܴﵽһƷͲƷ
ҲˣԼѨƺһЩǱѰ
ȻΪ򵥵ƷѨ棬ȴһɫСڲζĵǴ³ġ
ɫСתţһΣǾǡ̬ۡβϸֲˡ
Ϊ⻹ֻһΣͷ·˿˿ƵİɫɣֻûΣԶﲻһۿԿĵز
ϸȥܿóܵһİҲѨƷƷ˵еƷҲûܡ
Ȼ֪̫ѣѨƷ׵Ʒ̫ϡ٣̫ˣϲܴڡ
ȻУ˵еȷУû˼˵١
ٵѨϴһɲģˣѨήƷ׻½
û˵һ˵ѨͻȻһҹƷ׵ġ
ѨӵǼƷǼƷ䡣
ȻЩССʧܴﵽƷҲˡƷҲ̤Ʒķ룬ڱ̫Զ
ڴ˵еƷ룬ףӦѩЩ֮ӣпܵĶ
Ѩ֮һ
ǵΪͻѨУնħһҲһͭƬ
ؼǵø׵ʱ˵ĻͭƬУһܣֻеͻѨл򿪡
öͭƬҲֻǾ˵ǼʮǰһϺУżȻ͸ģ˵Ե
²Ըңս£Ϊػһ
ϺͭƬûȥ󻹸
Ϊÿս֮УɱͭƬĨȥع鰲
ҲһԱ佫ȴ֮Ϊ彫ԭͭƬԣҲǺҪһԭ
ʱϺаͭƬ˵һ仰ԾԵԵ˵һԻ
ֻǣûеȵһ죬ȴܺöͭƬҲУڡ
ԾԵԵĶչ
˵ôͻѨ֪ͭƬܣҲһҪԭ


ʮ 


302 ŭ
ϺаͭƬʱ˵ͭƬ̺Եܻһƽ
ȻҲλ˼ڰϳʱŰöͭƬ͸Ҳһֱ˼
вû浱һ£ɱϾӵ˺͡ƽһĹЧһ롣
ȻˣʧȥöͭƬıŻ¡
ÿÿ뵽˴ʹĲѣԼ˸׵ĸԵ
Ȼˣ棬οǸʱ֪ô࣬ʱ򣬲žѣʲô֪
ڣҪҳͭƬܣϼѡֱҳΪΨˣܱǷ飬

óͭƬ֮ЩЩš
ǺͭƬʵûʲôܣϺвƭǺͭƬУܣʲô
ʱȻΪͭƬУһƷϽ׵Ĺ
ǲǻ֮У˶ѡ
пܣϣ󣬱ϾƷϽ׹̫ϡˣǰ֮УܹҲһ
༸ڣ󲿷ݣǵƷнףһңŵƷ½ҡ
ɴҲɼƷϽ׹Ȼұ롣
ֻǣܡ
ֻ˵ͻѨͿԽ⿪ͭƬܣû˵ô⿪ͭƬУҲнʮʱ䣬ⲻôȥأ
ȻûͻѨͻˣǣһͷˮգֻܴؿöͭƬ㶡
Ŀȥһһ飬Щ꣬ÿĦͬĴС
ֲڣůһͨĺͭһ·ִ߽ɣ治̺ʲôܵӡ
ǣͳͭƬıֲڲͬе̵ǸУȴǰһǻۺͰ顣
ϸȥµҶͺ֮еǰɼģ·ֵ߽̣Ǵʦֱʡ
ҾˡһĴʦֱʲ
ҲΪͼ񣬲ÿʱ˲ָߵȷĵ·
֪ͭƬеܵʲôǣ̵İ˸֣Щ꣬ȴһֱУʱ޿̲
ƹģҶǸ
˸֣ʲô壿
Ͽ¿ҿЩѾù˲֪ٱ飬𿾣ˮ¹£̫£ʲô취û¶
ǣƫƫܸ֪ĲͬΣֵĵط
Ҫ˵Ψһ⣬϶ֻںҶ֮ϵĲºˣкԱߵǰ˸֣ƹģҶǸ
ǣ֮࣬Լ˸УҲʲôҪܡ
࣬ܰѡ
ʱһһֹȥ˼ȻһԼľʶϡ
Щ꣬飬Ҳǵһ˺ܶ飬ǣΪѨ֮ȴȷǵһΡ
ǰûκЧģһöͨͭƬǣһΣȻЩͬˡ
еͭƬȻųһ㼫Ĺ⻪ͬʯţԺһͬһƬĿռ䡣
ռУʲôҲûУǣ̧ͷܿǵĹߣһɽΣȻǽ⣬ƺһͼ
ͼ
һ˲ϸ͸ˣΪΣƺݵĵͼǡݣ
ݣ
ȻһЩ˼ĸоͭƬϼصܣȻ½ݣ
һֱ²⣬룬ڴĳͭƬʾĻԵȻݣ
ʵ޷⣬öͭƬʲôΪʲôݵɽ
Ҫ֪¾ŴݣȻͬ磬ȴǻ֮䣬ͨС
ֻͻѨϵǿߣмСļʣӦϣԽϣȻܽݡ
󲿷ˣǲеģǵףﵽѨڣڣûгɹϾΪء
Щ꣬Ҳ֪ж֮һһԹһһʧܣû˵˳ɹ
Ҿ˵иɣΪԽߣԽˣԽ״ΪԽͣԽߵˣԽѴ
Ѩ£û˳ɹʮˣһΪﵽͨ쳹أӵĳ˼رˣҲû˵˳ɹ
пܳɹĻᣬѨڵ벽֮䣬Ҫʮµͣпܡ
ȻˣôݵĵͼΪʲôݣҪ֪ǶһݣھŴУʵǿ
ǿģǱݣݡ
أЩɽΣһɫ˿ɣ󣬾Ȼ֮һӵģ
ɽŵ£ȻһʮһС֡
ݣѨ̣滨һǧһڽա֮֮֮ҩԳɴ
հ֮Գɴ
һо˲ͬΣհ֣ƺйأѵǷʥ֮һ
ǣΪʲôƫƫݣ֮ɳɴĴָʲôף
Ѩ϶ǲܵģѨ֮ݶȥˣȻܳƵϡ
ɻü˼ȴһʱûд𰸣Ҳֻ֮ܲ
ˣлᣬԺ󣬾ȥݿһ
ǰݣҪԽյأģɳ磬أħǣ׳ǣԼĮȵȡ
󣬲֮ܵ
ƱϣܽǰݵĴ̨
һ·ǿǾһвˣûеϣ;С
ڿ϶û뷨ҪͻѨڣѨڣѨ۷ʵŻȥ
ȻƲϣȥҲûá
ңƿˣȥˣҲֻŰķݡ
Ϊ˵ˣǰݣμӿսҪѨڵΪ󲿷ݲĵӣʵѨ۷壬߰벽֮
ŴݣȺӢ⣬ǲƫһصģʮ֮µİ벽Ҳв١
Щ֮ģʮ֮£ͻƷǸݶһʱ
ľ磬ɲڵԼģһ㣬ȥѰҵձ˵
֣Ϊʲô֮ǰڱżڴûпء
˵ƾǵĽ飬ʹֻͨĽӻ飬֪ԼҪƹضûͻѨǶӦõȺŶԡ
֮ǰǾӡϾҪʼûʱ䣬һ룬žòԣĪǣǳ⣿
һ뼰ˣ͵صľͰˣ뵽һܣ˲ܲ˵أûֻһܣǳ⡣
ܣŭڵȼ
ѵˣǾڣӳֲɣ˭˹
ˣô͡ձˣӰĳǣǼˡ
ļˣ룬Ҳ֪˭Ϊ֮󣬴ûеˡ
Ҫ˵ҲֻУ£ڣʥ֮Լǽż֮칤ɽ洫ӡ彣߿аɽĵӣӡӾˡ
ǣң
ڣ
˲伱ˣһݣѾԭһ·۵糸ǵķ򼱱ȥ
ͦסͦסҪ£ǧҪ¡ϾңһҪҡ
һ̣УϣһƬ
۵糸һ·ͻѨǵһô񱼡
ڵԴԴܵķ羰ڲϳȥǣȴϲΪʱѾյһƬͨ졣
˫ۣҲһƬ죡
Զܲˣٶȣǵķ򼲳ۣͬʱڶݺݵصӶˣԹ޳𣬱Ҳûʲôʲô⣬Ҫȫȥᣡ
һ̣УûǿҵյĶЩ


303 ̤

ԭҰ𣬽̤ǣӰԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬Ӱ
ѾƷӣʩչΪ޵ٶȣ룬Ҳһζ
ǰҪõʱ·̣ڲһ֮䣬͵֮ǰ
ûֱͣһݣ˽ȥֵԵֻаӰһΣѾӰ
ֱ׻ȥ
תۣſڣŶȻһƬ䣬һӰҲûп
Ĵƺɨһ㣬ҾߵҳȻܾһʱû˴ɨˣϻսĺۼ
۾ѾԽᣬеĲоԽԽǿңһݣֳļţǾסǼҿջ֮С
ݿտգȻһµĵǮǣȴû˾סСÿɨɸɸɾ
ԼסǼ䷿ſڣȻһѩ׵ֽһɫļ֧֮ϡ
·Ŀô࣬һֽȴ޲ɫһ䣬׷ױܿЫҿ
ǿջСҲʰΨһ䣬ңࡣÿΣǱܹһ䣬С뿪
ʱɫƽˮ˭Ҳϲŭǰһġ
ۡ
ȻһģɫСӦŰɫСֽ漴ָ䡣
칤ͣͷ
ֽ֮ϣֻ˸С֣ƺܸоԷд˸ʱǵı顣
Ȼüһ˫üһɷƾնȻðһ͸Ļ棬ļֽ˲յøɸɾ
ͣ͹٣Ǽλͬ飬סڶֵã칤ɽץȥˡ˵˵ǿ㡭㡭ȥ칤ɽǡ
һСصȴҿȻ칤ɽʱץ˵ǼµĿѸ
ܺá
ǣĪһĨɭЦݣСһͻ޶˴һ
пǵʱôץ˵ô
ǺЦʵ
Ȼֽ֪ףôԷΪ˵϶ձɱ֣һƤ֮ࡣ
ֻǣһ¶ȥˣҲôʱ䡣
Ҫܿ࣬һܹˣһȥһȥûʲô
ҪǣȰŪٿǻػĳ̶ȡ
ǡ˺öˣչӣﻹ뷴ȴǶһһˣʱ˺öѪҵǸҲûŹһץˣ˵ǿˣҪȥꡣ
ӡ
ǵССص칤ɽƴ󣬿ɲЩСġ㣬㲻֪ôŭǣúõǸ˵Էͷǵ˻ˡ
УС
Է֧֧ᣬС̧ͷһɫǷɿСС̣ʵڲҵ˴֮һºֱȥˣȴᵹ˴ù
ӣ㣬ǡ滹ҿ͵סްɣԺǲܸλסˡԤĶȫ㣬˴ܣС꣬ʵڲˡ
˵꣬λСȻͨһߵͷ
Ȼ칤ɽЩ˼䷲ˣǺµ
ʵֹЩˣӵ֮һЩ˴ţ壬ɢ˵ӣ˭˲壬˭˲£
״ǣӹһĨɭȻĺ⡣
칤ɽô簡ضҪˣͨˣҲҪв
ǿҪԼòڰ벻Լˣȸûнֻ׻һСջҲᱻ˱
ǺǣǺǣꡭ
һ̣ģ䵽˱㣬ƽδһ̣ǿҵɱӣɺݺݵһ
ģԺ󲻻ˡ
ҲΪСǵȷ֮ܳ꣬ԸӴԼˣҲģʱգûΪǳ
ԣֱһ䣬漴뿪ڶǾͲˣǵĲɣǣ

ͬһʱ̡
ڣȸ칤ɽڴ˵صפأ칤ڡ
Ǽ̻Ի͵УһµĹ߿ԼһµӾˣԶЦ
ϵһ裬һڣ߿ʱ䣬ûгɹӦҲѾҪƹضǰ˰ɣ
֪ԼļС鲻ֿϵֽǲǻᷢ裬ըأ
ʲô鰡
ǡ
ʱһ꣬аɽĺĵӾ棬Ҳ΢΢Ц˵ҵǣǲ֪ôд
ҪӣһͨӣʲôһͨˣǶ¡
ܽżѨҲûôͻƵģȻĽůҲҪѰڶλˣǸǽ߰˴Σûͻơ
ٺЦΪڶ̨ѵܣɣҶˣ´ˣ
룬ͬܲҲŽɣǴ֣ʱҲôţǣǷˡ
ǰǶܵġ
һ£Ż칤ɽ洫ӹ߿ҲһЦ˵
漴¶Щϧ˵ϧ˵ԷǼŮӣǲûǻòǳԱʡ
ԷϾͬΪ˴֮һĵӣǲöԷô
¶ԷҲȶԷϴǵͷѣС£ȥҲ˵ʲô
˺˶ԷִˣǾͲôˣʹǺ涼ˣҲ鷳Ҷá
ǣ˵ǸµٻһλͽܣǲֵܶķҪˣǲġ
˵꣬۾У¶һ˿а֮ɫ
״аɽĵӾ棬ȴٺ١һЦ˵ʲôȻҲ֮һȴΪ΢һСڶѡ
¥ţУҲҪһЩ
һ£Ҳͬ˹߿˵Ļ֮֮һ
Ҳȷǲ̫Ͼֵ̫ôǺˣȴδػǺù
˵ȴʲôֺٺٵعЦ
֣ȻӲܶǣһСƤҲʮζȻĲôɫʣ
˵꣬죬ʮֻģǿ˶Ҽ
ҲôɫˣĻټżһ·ζҲǲ
һı飬ǵץʱһˣȻҷ椶Ҹϲˡ˫ɫͫǻζ
˵Ȼ֣ȰǸСӵ鴦꣬椶ȴ¡
һͨ˶ѣûʲộҲ̣ˣǻҡ
˵ڱ̫⼸־ǲھͿ԰ˡ
Ҳǰ㲻˵һˣм䣬Ȼһˣٺ٣⵹Ҳ֮ϲ
߿۾ҲȻȻ뵽Сòʣ漴һۣЦ
˶ԷУаĿ⣬ԼĹâ
뵽ģǸԼڶ̨˴ŵǰ澡ʧ꣬ǰϥĵģдˬֹסûҲ
ˣǼԿˣǧˣһ£ɲͷһ񡣡
ȻӾʲôѵ
ġ
߿ŵںһЦǿ칤ɽؽΣ˵ǣѨ۷ĴҲð֣˵Ԫͨˡ
һרſأлţӳˣġ
ԣ߿һȻ漴ЦҲǣ칤ɽµ칤֮ƶɵĻţѨǿߣҲֻܻ׸ķݡ
ټϣǻǳԵķУһЩصĶ¶Էˡ
˵꣬һааɽĵӣӡӾҲЦЦޱа
ЦЦţӾʲôɫһ࣬ʹ߿ˣֻСһֵǰСӲ飬ô죿
ƾң
߿ԣȴǲмЦֱӵʻأҷŪǸͨŮġ
ҲһͨˣŪҲŪˣҲ˵ʲôǲһʱ򣬿ǻҷٺ٣ʱ򣬿޶
Ҳǡ
Ӿ۾֮Уһ漴ٺһЦҲյһСڣȫɣ̫ʦ֮¿ȥǾ;ȴջһˡ
ãСҲӦÿ쵽ˣ㿴ϥʹǰµģǿ϶ķ羰
߿ҲЦţҲȥ
ʱ顱һһ죬칤ǰ칤Χȴţһ߿ΪǧƬľм׷ɣһʱ衣
߿Ӿ棬
һ꿡ȻǰԺԽֱֱ칤ǰöֱԺЪӹģֱ˶Ĥһʹ
ǰԺǸƵ߿ӾǸոµӣȻһվ̶־ŭ
СӣȻǲ֪ҷããˣȥиҰǼСҪ棬λСŽͷں
ǡ
ſһһӰһţȴǳ칤õĺԺһصĵˮڼȥȻȥˡ
߿ֱһֵߣȥһλͷ̲֪ӡҪʱ򣬱ʹڲ龰Žͷ֮ޡ
ãߡ
Ӷһںɫâ˾ͳ칤õĴǰԺ򼲱


304 Ƹ
ͬʱһȻ죬Ҳ칤øʯУһֲϢ
Ƿŭһţ˹߿ӾλҲ칤ɽ칤еĸλϣִ¡
ЩˣĶһŭ򾪺ǰԺΧ
ʲôˣ˴󵨣
Ȼ칤ɽãǻòͷˡ
Щɷŭ칤ɽΪ֮ǿļ֮һһֱĿ硣
˵ִ飬ƽʱһЩҼǿߣκһλ칤ɽĵͼӣҲǺɫôܳ顣
칤ɽ֮ûмôص⣬ڣ칤ɽ¡ʱʱȴ˾Ȼ̫ͷ϶ð˴踣칤ɽǵķֲ¡
ǳЩµǰ¹ϣԲˡ
ⲻǻʲô
ȸϣҲвһȻ죬׷׳Χ˹
ʲô飿
ʲô
ôˣ
ôˣ
칤õķ칤ãǿ칤ɽǵķֲλߡ˭˴󵨣ȻðĴ踣֪ôд𣿡
ǰǰ˹ɵˣߣǿȥ֡
ððȥ˹ƾˡ
Щһ´ȫΧ˹ȥ
ƽʱΪ칤ɽӵλߣЩҲܹʱһֻΪǵģʮֿ
˲䣬ȸϣнֵˣ칤õΧΧ˹ȥʹǴ϶ˣһΧ
⻹Ǻö˸պòڼңڱչԼش£˸Ȼࡣ

ˢˢˢ
ոһ߷칤õĴţһȺ칤ɽĳϣִ¾Χ˹Ǵ磬ɭȻ
ȻЩˣһǰԺԭŽɭϵĵطȴȻģԭţĵطȻһ󶴡
֮ǰһˣȻվ˫ĿɷһƬ䡣
֮⣬һȺΧεĶУ׷ǿ֡
һ£Щ칤ɽĳϣִ£ʱһúӶ۾ôģѪֱͷӿ˫Ŀͨ졣
Сӣ˵ɣǽһҪ١
һЩϣ޷Զµ˲ֱԶڵص
ˢˢӰǰһһ죬칤ɽ洫ӣ彣߿аɽĵӣӡӾ档
˿ǰѹѹһƬȺԼҳϣִǺںڵӣһ˲䣬˵ɫһƬҰףС⡱һԨ
ôôСôơ
ץǵˣʱӦǰ칤ɽϥ𣿾Ȼ칤ɽĴţǲˡգˡ
Ȼ˸ףԷܣҲʲôùӳԡ
趨ľ籾
ǱֻҪЮвһϴͷߵ䣬һ£ȻʧӶѣȻͷ뿪
Ȼȴ˭Ҳû뵽һӾͰִˡ
ǵģĴˡ
һŴźҶŵ档
Ȼ칤õҶûлǴȴһƣұô˵Χۣⲻǵ߹ݡ
漰칤ɽͻɨأΪڵЦ
ԣǲݵĴ칤ɽΡ
ƫƫǲռȰܶԷȣֳҲûô
û£ֻͷ飬ǻϲأôûڡ

ִˡ
Ĵˡ
Զ׼ġ
Уһ̣ڵóӶˡ
һʼʱ֪˱ңƣǾԲɳձӵʵ
Ըһ߰һᱨҲ󣬰ѶԷ°ӵ칤ɽķֲ
ȻСŭ
֮裬ӡ
֮裬ĮȻ
漰£ûС£Ҫ˵ǰ˴֮һ档
֮£⴫ȥ󣬶Ҫ˵ۣ֮ǰڱżһĻֻᾭϵķ
⣬Բ̵ġ
ǳǴŵ棬ԣĨŵ飬ǾԲô
ˣԾͰִ󣬿Էô
Ȼ֪¿϶һΣգԷô೤ϣִ£ˣܰ۷
£¶Էռôѹǣǻҵڳ֣ǲɨأһ
ŶԷ
ңձ˵Ψһ취ȥģ޷ܣձˣܵ裬Ҳû취ֻˡ
ŵľٶ̫ƣȻ뵽˲Ե޹ǰԼפƣǣЩ칤ɽĳϣִ»ǻüɽŭɶ
ԣ˵֮
Ȼ˭Ҳûϵȴ޾ɫЦǣ컯֮£ڵӣ°ӣһλˣһλɢѣʹôҪΪõ޽ڲ𣿡
ţ
칤ɽڳϣûϵ˵ôһĻҲЩɧȺʱɫһ䡣
Ϊ棬ǽգҪɨˡ
Ȼ˵ĻͲм٣һ֪ôƸأڴˣ칤ɽܷΡ
۾һתɨˡ
ȻûȻ²ڣȻԷĵ˵ʮа˾ġ
Ȼ칤ɽ£ǵģҲֻôˡ
ĻɫףһƬڵĹӶˣ칤ɽһתʱףɫʱɵñ÷ǳѿ
߿칤ɽһλĶӣλǷǳ
Ӿ棬ҲѰˡ
վаɽһλ̫ϳϡ
һλһλ̫ϳϣ޵ǰеţλ̫ˣǣƽʱҲֻõķݡ
һЩ£Ҳ֪һЩȻҲҵֻҪ£һֻۣһֻֻۣɵǵķݡ
ǣָûµ¡
˴£ȴûôˣû֪ǻ͵͵Էƨɣֵȫǽ֪ٴǿǻġ
ϾԷҲʲôͨʹֻͨӣôҲվһš
οԷϢȻѾͻѨ
ոͻѨĴڣᣬУֻҲǼ֮
һĳͻ𱳺ڵڶ޵˴ңսͼάľãǳΪµˡ
ǿɲ鷢
ƫƫȴǼпܷ顣
⣬ͷʹĵط
߿Ӿˣ칤ɽͨӣȻôá
ϴٲ壬ԷһףȻԷȻپˣ˽£µӰ͡
Ȼֹ۵
ƫƫˣȫһˡ
Ṵ߿Ƕ״ãңŵ£ôӾأ
Էаɽĺĵӣаɽλ̫ϳϣݣ
ãĿָպ֮ڣҪΧȺڽ


305 ս
˼ת칤ɽߣפش˵صģһѨǿߣСӥϡ塣
ʱһ£ؿһɫͼ˸ŵĽâͨͬ
ңֹɫ֮ϣƸ࣬ҲԹӣ棬ԵòͬΡ
칤ɽ֮Уңɱ־ѡ촸ǣΪݵλͬ촸ɫҲв졣
ɫڳǽɫڳɫִͭɫͨǺɫҲɫ
ϡͭΪ弶
ڵӣˣֻҪؿڵɫͿԷֱǵݵλӥϡ壬ʣʹ칤ɽ֮ܲУҲǾλȨصĴڡ
פ˵ص£ǧ׷ꡱŷͬһ޵Уλߡ
Ȼʱ˿վԼɫĹӶˣֿ˿վڴŶ֮࣬ߺȵµ
ԼŶ֮⣬һȺֲ´ĸڵӣһЩڵĳϣִ£ҲȺУĳߴɫʱЩѿˡ
ģΪֵļ֮һڴ֮ǰûдùĵ⡣
飬ҲͰˣ֮£ȴѡ
ϾҲǸļƵˣȻҲܱһ칤ɽճ񣬺ͳΪ칤ɽڴ˵ķˡ
ԣһתѾ⡣
߿ӾˣǾԲҴõģң򲻸ҵ
ǰˣûʲôȻѨӣģҲ͸ոͻѨ˵һͨڵӡ
ڲеͲʲôˡ
칤ɽǿѹ£ƶԷҲ̫Ρ
ԣֽ֮ƣֻ취ģߣǰ˵ˡպ£ȹ˽һأȥ顣
ѯʣ治֪δ֮ڣԷȴһĽڡ
ԱߣԷǰǱһߵ÷飬ȻϽͩľɣȴҲѵסһѨǿ߱ŭһŵ칤ôţ⡣
һתʱŭ棬ָվŶߵںȵأСӣ˭ģĨ칤ɽǴ󲻾صġ
һָһ߻Ĵţ鹣ƣǶ칤ɽĴ󲻾ղΣСӣ㶼ҪΪΪۣ
ңˣٽĳдá
˵꣬Ӧһ֣ҪսپԷڵĻᡣ
ңûʲôڻ˵˽ڣλץס
Է˵鲻٣ܶǻû֤飬ָſڴƻơ
ţȴĿǧȷ£˶ⲻá
ԣץסԷһǶ칤ɽ󲻾һ㣬ץסţҪϳ͵̬ȡ
סԷڵʱܴⳡ顣
ԣ칤ɽǰԺѾȺڲЩ칤ɽţ洫ǣһ໽ţƿբͻ˶Ǵ硣
ҲǱžѣΧ˹ѵȺԡ
ΪٵפشţһƣǧƬɢЩˣ类˵ڴͨ졣
Ŷ֮⣬նֹʱȴһΧԣָָȺһȵǣ飿
ÿһ칤ɽӣֻԼܵĪ裬ͷһаȼգֻǰгڲ࣬ҷ
ʱټϹ߿ʱӹ͵͵Щβ⡣
ʱһ֮ãһ˳ᵶڡ
ЩˣˣǻԪΪǻԪڣ󲿷ǻԪڣ۷壬һһλ벽Ѩȫһ칤ɽڵӣ
洫ӣм˶һ£ʦѾг֣һѡÿͣԭأ׼ȿ˵
һĻɫ䣬ȴȻ֮䣬Ц
ЦЦţĪһɿ磬һɿµƣϵ˷Ƶ˳ȥ
֮䣬Х֮
ХЩոͻʱɵХǣֻͻʱһĸʣࡣ
ѾͻϣȴֻͷŭȴĪٴХģʲô
ʱȻ֪ЩҲûռƽЩ
ֻоԼУǵɫСתøˣң۾ͬ顣
Լĸо˲ͬ
ڴʱ칤ɽڵӣһͣǰ֮أԴʹ˻
ֻоһɹɿµħֱԺ꣬һشһе¡
ǵľϣߣͬ©ٳֽǣһͱơ
ʵ͵ģֱͷĿѣڱѪʵߵģҲֻоԴһʹ̲סҡԴͬ˾һ㣬յϷ
ЦʲôЦʲôͣ£ͣ¡أء
УһʵߵģŴ󵶵İ벽Ѩ칤ɽڵӣڵˣ˾Ʒ衣
ֻŴ󵶣Ҫĳҿһ߿һʹ飬˺ѷΡ
ήһ͵̱˵ϡ
㱣Դڵ˻ʹ޲ѡ
ͺҪˣԼС˸һ㣬ȫû֮ǰľ״̬ϵĵҲ֪
˺ѷε״̬˲ͷһƤݣһʱѿ


306 
ʲô𣿡
ȻӣȻһֻǲţдµӡ
۷׷ףӡ
칤ɽǰԺУڶ칤ɽϣִ£ȴһ˲ɫѿ㡣
λġӥϡ壬Ҳǲһ漴ɫԴݡ
ԭΪ칤ɽڵԶ٣Լڱ϶ֵ
˭Ҳû뵽ȻһĻŵڵӣûзȫˡ
ǼʵģǿڱѪڵϹ˹غ«һ㣬͵˹ȥһ¶
Ҳ㻹ˣϾˣʵá
Ǽʵǿģ֮ǰ赶ӣɴڴ֮ͥ£ˣˡƷ衱
ŵڵӣӵ£費ļǡ赶УǱ
ȻҲܵһӰ죬ԷӦһģǣȴһ칤ɽڰ˴ǰ棬ֱιȥɴࡣ
ʱЩҲˣɳȥģ˭ҲûϵһĻԷֶΣԼСˡ
𡪡
ӥϡһʱ併˱㡣
һ֣ݳ칤ɽĺִ£ŵϵǼ칤ɽڵȥһӣͽȫЮҸ£뷴Ҳ
漴ԺȥӰ칤ɽ棬Ժȥ
ˣվԭأسһΧȦΧУɫơ
ղһ˲䣬ǹɿƵʱХ֮䣬ȻЩѨϣִ¶ԼܵһӰ죬һԺѣ
ȻܿѹȻԱܴ衣
Цʲô
ʱѾûа취ҪսپˣһѾȫػֻܿһһ٣ɭɭص
˶ԷǼڵҹ칤ɽڵӴߣֱʱԷʻͣЦٺٵ
÷˵ôԭŴ칤ɽ磬ڰףߵָ¹ΪǼʶˡǲһ֮ѣȻˣҪסҵ첻ñ˵ǾɣǷη壿
ʱҲԵŭ
ԭΪձȱץһӻΪֻҪЩ칤ɽĳһ£أǻһ˿
˭ҲûϵҲ¶Ĵڣ칤ɽڴ˵ص³ϣȻҲҵô˵棬ףֱˣ˵ߵڰ׵Ļ
ǵ뷨һ¾
ˣʲôù˼ִִ˭˭
ԭ벻ΪڣȴֻνˣŭЦ
㣬֪
һĻ°칤ɽӥŭˣٴһָͯϣִɳˣס
ڵӲУִӣǸĴڣƽʱΪάⱾǵıְ
Ȼɳϳ棬Ѵ֮ǣô˵棬ûô
ʱ򣬼ʹɹˣҲ˻ΪЦ
ԣڳ򲻵ѵ£ϣڵӣִΪԱ¶Է
СеĳԱȻֻа벽ѨÿһȴӵеͨѨͲţЩȥò
ԣӥϡһ£ؿȴӡһɫӵС٪塣
ֻŶ¶ɭЦСӣģƣƻ칤ɽôţǲ㲻ã
ǰԴС֮ͬ꣬Ȼ˲֪ôȻҷеӣǾֲˡ
漴˵꣬һЦһִֵӣϣ
ͣͣ
һſˣһˡ
Щˣһϲû칤ɽĶشӱ־ȴڴһԼεľɫֵɢһɹǿϢ
ϣһɱûеѪɢͨŵӣֻҪһϣֻ¾Ҫս֮ݵǽ¡
칤ɽִӣС顱
սǧУ칤ɽڲĸӣϣִУڰ߲У飬һԿµĴڡ
֮ϣմѪȣɱ޾أɲ⡣
벻Ϊ˶ԸԷȻֱӳĴɱǿ
ԴˣںһЦ˫ƽ٣ͬߣʱ
ؼ䣬Ȼѩ
С
ǸһɫС٪壬ϴһм֮ɫһݣֱӳ˹ڰգоȻһɫĶ̵
ৡһƬ֮˳Ŀ֮䣬ͬȻһȻҲ
̵ӳѩ档
༸ˣǰ벽ѨĳԱأɲһ
ʮСӳ֮һȻĩĵʮӣǣʮСӳûһǵѨĴڡ
Ҳ˵СӳǻʵѨǿߣͻѨĿɲڡ
һѨ벽ѨǾḻóɱǿС飬Ӫ赲
Ȼ״ȴЦˡ
ЦУѩܣӰȻѾԭʧ


307 
ţ
Сӳͯʱһ㶣ЩҲűеıҲһʱʧȥĿ꣬վԭЩãȻ
ʱѩӰһǳɫצĲλȥ
צ֮ϣܲƬƬɫƬɭȻܡ
Ʒපצ
Ȼ½ѨѨǰǣ汻һǳපצУҲԻһѪڷ
ǣڴʱ٪塰ˮͯȴȻٺһЦżһȻת¶⣺ץסˡ
ԭ֮ǰãȻʧαװĿľ¶Ȼһɱ
飡
ӳѩһɫͬӷ䣬ֱӼ̳ĳɫצ̽ץš
ԱҲͬʱ׼Ŀ꣬תӣγɰΧȦһ볯ǰҴȥ
ۼ򲻿ܣڴʱĿ࣬쳣鷢ˡ
͡һ죬ˮͯеĵ⣬ȴѾд̴ľצҲͬʱ̽塣
ǣԭء顱һէɢӰٴʧȻҲһӰ
ã
ˮͯɫ䣬Ӧæתͷȴǳˡ
۾Уֻܿһײȭͷϱ󣬶׻糸뷴ʱǳˡ
飡
һ죬ˮֻͯüһ㵭ɫķĻûãֱһȭͱƿ
ԱҪԮȴΪмһ赲
Ю֮ȭͷһʱصغˡˮ֮ͯϡ
ǾԪѨؾӳֹҲܲסĲ֮һʵ˿й֮
һȭʮʮ
ʱѪĽˮֻͯԴشðǣԺһֻڡˣˡһ𣬾ʮ߳ܵ˹ȥ
Ѩʵûзӳʮ֮һ

ԼСӳԵأʣĳԱŭˣŭУִһ˿⡣
ǵСӳ֮ʵΪ߾ĴڣߴѨ۷壬ǣ벽Ѩ
˵ǵİ벽ѨʵδصͨѨ٣ǾĲ࣬Ͼǲࡣ
ڣԼСӳסһ˵˹֮ǣԷı֣ĺ
Ҳڵӣһ䣬Ϊ׵һŭȵ󣬰
ã
ˣҲ֪õİ취ʱһĸͬԾֳĸΧһţС
࣡
ɱ
ĵɱϳ𣬳
ȻûãһݣȻȻıܿ벽ѨѨ֮䣬ǵ蹵˵ǲͨ벽ѨǣͨѨ
ֻתɵսϿգޣɵķ
漴ԽԽǰԺһƬģ̳գµˣͬ룬ӣãһɫ䡣
ǣ壡
ͻѨӷӰͷˮУһ˿ˮ塣
ڣۿ̲⣬ĹУȻȻĴһ˿ˮ壬ǡ
οǹΪ֮巢ӵޣ˲䣬ļ˵˴ù˵Χɱܱܲס˵
Ȧ֮Ѿᣬƣ㲽ԣһ·ȫòҲ޷κʵԵвˡ
ʱ׼ܶԷȻڴʱһоΣգǿмһתšԱȥ硣
͡
Ӱµһ˲䣬һѾûκս֮꣬ȻһЦһһƬѩɫĵУͷ·ǵ糸ܶ
Էβסݣһ䣬ϳ˶ԷȺȵ۷ɵỪأ
꣬Ȼһǰڶ̨ϣս칤ɽڵӣ۷ɵỪء
ֻһ̨ͬаɽڵӣȻ£ްܱ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼصǹܡ
ʱֳʵξȻʮȻҲĶ֡
ɵ̿գͬǧμȻǿһŤƺѾûܵĿռ䡣
һ˲䣬Ѿ˶Է뷨
Է칤ɽĳԱ֯ĳԱҪʮ֮࣬ȣݱܾǵһ
칤ɽڣ˭Ҳ֪Լߣ˭Ա˭ǡΪͬʱݣһͨԱһ̽˲Ų
ֱʱΪǿ󣬲ڱ¶ʵ۷ɵỪأһ¶ǰ
ǣ⣬ܻô
Ǻǣ
ȻһЦȻܲˣܣ
ֻ֮УȻ͵˺һˮ
ŻˮϣȻһޱȾ޴ˮ˲Ͱķɵ񿪡
ˮͨɢŵ⣬Ȼɭϡ
Ϊ̺򵽵ˮ֮⣬ˮ֮ǰڻԪʱ֪ǿٱķ
зɵ䣬ˮɢ۷ɵỪأԼԱʱӲԭأɫҰܣûκη֮
״ԥɻǣһ׿ת˿ɫѿһ칤ɽ³ϣӥϣʵôôǲǣ԰ͬųˣ
칤ɽǰԺ֮УһʻһƬš


308 ȼѪ
תͷɫӲĿϣĳԱһףˣһء
УһѨ۷Сӳˮͯ
һѨ۷壬벽Ѩ칤ɽһִ֧Сӣպգ¡
ȴڽգĿ֮£ȫһɽ¶ˮŵͨӣɻܣǱˣֱһ
չȥ칤ɽִСӵĴֻҪһ۵㣬һ٣칤ɽͻʹڣҲǰΪЦ
һΣضһսҲû˸Сˣʢ
⣬ǸĿССڣڡ
Ϊ칤ɽ칤õ³ϣӥϡ壬Ĭţޱ飬һ˫۾ȴضҲûжһ¡
۾֮Уƺǧѵӣ۾ɱˣ˲֪ǧΡ
Ȼȴη壬Ȼӣ۾Уһ㲻ȶԷ
һĻŶ⣬Χ۵İڵУ˾ֻ̾ʣ̾
˿̣վ칤ɽǰԺֻһˣô칤ɽѨϣִ£벽ѨԪ洫ӣڵӣȴȻ޾Ķӡ
ȫ·һ⣬һʥĹ⡣
ôߴôĿôۣôء
ôôôͼɣ
˰ΣȴԷػٴοڵ漴һ䣬ڳƣϵϢٴα˼֡
û磬칤ɽǰԺУڵӣ洫ӣȴ޶˵ĽЩͷ䡣
ԷֻһˣߣȴӵжԷʮٱǧˣ֪ΪΣȴ޶һɾ⡣
ɾ⣬֪Ӻζȴǵӣη壬һԶƵġ·аοЩ
ЩڵӣִС𣬲ǡ
ϣ˿̷·һûУصģ˵Ķⶫη壬˵ԭ򣬱ȵ˲ò˳һ
Ӧ뵽칤ɽôˣüһãȻԷһѨӸƵ˳һ
˶ʱһ죬ɫʱͱøˡ
ӥϡüӣӣȻľӦεǿλӵı֣ȴҲһһڡ
ֻǰڳһƣԼڶڣ洫ӣȻµ˳һ˲䣬ͲɵһüɫøѿһЩˮ
дλڵӣһִ֧Сʱѿʧ
ͷһۣηηʱ򣬸ðͷġ彣߿ӡӾˡ
ӥϡ̧̧üڲ̾һڵˣѶԷ˵ǼӣȫҴ
⣬ϣ
߿Ӿԣʱһݣ˲õԤС
Ӿ泯߿ʹһɫ߿ʱòӲͷƤǿЦգǰӥϡı󣬵
ϣǸ
ʵѴˣԺб䣬ƺֲҴˡ
˿ǱߣҶ
ʱӥϡĻȻ󼱣߿ƾԼ׵ӣʱѹһѹ¡
ȻһΣӥϡ·ûƵģûдǣˮһƬڣֻǵٴ˵һ䣺ˣ
ȻƽȻ˭óصŭͲΥ
ͬһɽδǰ߿Ӿˣ޶ͷһо˲ĳ˳ȴҲ˵һ䷴Ļ
ǡ
ʱ⼸ִ¶˼ۣСӣԺȥ
£Ƕ֪һЩȻΪԷͨӣһˣҲûзϡ
ߣȴԼŸĶӣһλаɽ̫ϳϵĵӣȻҵһֻ۱һֻۡ
Ȼ˿ۿִ󣬡ӥϡŭȻϣֻӲͷƤæߵԺȫ˹
ѺȫѪϻżɫ˻ƣлֹֽǿڽܹ׺ۼԺ߳
˲䣬ǰԺԼΧ۵ڵӵĿ⡣
ǼˡܵĿ̣˻ЩʶİڵӣҲһͷƤ飬ֱ˽ŵףоЩŻæתͷȥٿ
ڿһĻĵһ˲䣬һŭ𣬾ҲѹƲס˲ڿն𣬽û
⣬ǶԴѵķʽνģĨ칤ɽ
˽̣ѵӣԴЩսƴƴɱΪάս칤ɽĶԴʽ𣿹
һ˲䣬һѪɫ𣬶Ѹӣͷȥ̶Ƭ̼䣬ȫһ㵭ɫĻ棬ԪѪѾȫ
ͻѨѾòֽǣһΣŭڣʣֱӾͷңһ߲εģȼѪʮء
һߣһĻʹ֮ǰԴ£ҲһֱֵȻڵ칤ɽ³ϣӥϡڣҲ˫һڣ赹
תͷһףǼ˱󣬱һηηȺĹ߿Ӿˣ޷Զһһ٣ɭȻʵ£ģ
ң
ܵˡӥϡûйŭһ̣һΪѵġ彣߿Ҳɻˣæͨһ£ϣǡǲһʱ
Ϳֻû˵ڣȻһѪ£ƵġӡӾ棬ȴȻһѷסĿڡ
ЦһЦݵشӥϡ壬ڵ⣬⣬ʧʧѡ
ǲ⼸λͣûΪǵ˼ǵ˼
áúдúдǣúдĸֻ˵飬û뵽д
⼸˸ɱƻ˵ŽᣬӦϳǧУЧȡӥϣ˵ǲǣ
˵꣬εգ۾
ԣӥϡ˫üһŭģţȴֲ۾һ
ͷһǱѪģŭֿ˹ڵϣһη壬ġ彣߿뵽
Ȼӥϡ̾һ˵ûǼ˼˽´ˣȫɱˣͷ͵פأƾã
ϣ
һ£Ѻձ˳䣬˲ɫȫˣѪɫһʱˣɫޱȺȻͨһ򵹣ӥϡеԩ¶ǹ
ȻûǳڣӥϡȻˮһӣһɫĵֱӴз˵ͷ­ն䣬Ѫˮһء
⣬ȫһʱȻ
סˣţȴ̲סٴ조ĿЦ
һΣϴθʢ̲סı
ͣͣ͡ĿˣΣԣ޴󻹹
ããţߵڰף˶Ŀ˶ɵӣҽǼʶˡ
ɱذ޹⣬ζԵһ֮ѣ
ãձֵܣܿˣΪǱ֮𣡡
˵꣬һͷ޷Զ˫ȴȻɫ
˺Ȼȥȴ֮ͫУƺһƬǿմ󺣣أ⻪貣âҫۡ
Ժ䣬۵һ˲䣬ȫ޷Զò
һƬƬƮ䣬ڵءͬޱ䣬ϿգһɿµĢƣϢϢ
˿̣ϵƣ˿칤ɽ³ϣѨǿ壬й֮
࣬һ
棬ӥϡ壬һֱ̨̩ɽƽϣҲڲ¶һ˿ݡ


309 ͫ
һɿԱһѨǿߵơ
̷ҫ񷡣
ͫ⻹ǵһΣȫ߶ӡ֮ǰڵɽУСֶѣֻΪ飬෢ӳԭʮ֮һٷ֮һ
һΣȴУȫȫıǼȷŭµĳ
ԣҫȻͨѨڵĲΣټϱԪѪԼ֧ͫ£ﵽѨڵĳ̶ȡ
һɿԻһеϢһΣûжõԪӡΪעУһ̣ȫ汬

嶼ݣҪ˵˿̸պֱƳġ彣߿͡ӡӾˡ
Ѩûͻƣǰ벽ѨңʱǲɡۡһһڴѪ˳ȥȻڵء
ǿûСӥϡĳǿʵԵֵһ˲ش
ܵܿУͬʵʵɱ⣬кȻħӵпԱѨǿߵУȻ޾ĺڡ
ǽһ֮УǵڶĺˡϧǣѾɣһжˡ
ô죬ô죬ӥ϶δػסˡһһдδ꣬ǰδȹ
ԼȫʵԼľģµĳ棬ȫľ籾һȫɿصķչֵԽԽ
߿Ӿڻˣʧǣʧɫ
ҽҪִ칤ɽΪѨΪ£ӵǧţҲҲҪ
Ȼ䣬߿񣬱аǱڽ䣬ѣձˣ۾ʱˡ
ֻӵϼˮͯǰж̵Ȼ˴ʱĿⶼϣûע⵽һľͳ֮ԡ
еǱˮ̵ȻָΨһķˣСľϣȻ˻غȵס֣ס֣ħס֣ٲס֣ɱ
˵꣬еĶУ˲ѹһЩ
Сֻһ鷲ˣʱֱסͣ˵ֻӲһЩ
۾֮Уȴκξɫ˾ȻһƬƽ̶
ĲӺεϸͯΪһѨǿߣ칤ɽִСӳ֮һеıôܼ򵥵ˣ
ˮ̵һƷƷҲ㼫ƷټϹ߿ʵҲͲס
ˣʹûжȫֻƾķâһ£Ź߿һѹԭ˵С࣬϶ʱһϸϸܵѪ飬һ޵ĺߡ
ң߻ڲ
ȫһʱȻ˶ûϵķ
ߵǿߣӥϡ壬ҲһʱסˣûӦ
£ɿˣ
ǱߣץסС࣬ͼȵĹ߿ӥϡһԴޱȰûڡ
Լôѣ
ţȫȻҲûн֮
Ȼ߿һ¾ͶȻˡ
ȻˣѾڴ·ԽԽԶʵûٺõİ취ˣֻܼȥܹһ
뵽ˣ۾¶һ˿ɫʹԳ֣ס˵
ڴʱ˭Ҳû뵽ıʷˡ
Ŀ֮£еĿĿǱ۾죬·칤ɽ洫ӹ߿ɫɫܻģҡҡͷ
ǲȻŭԭƣȻһתѹ
ۣ
߿һ벽ѨĴڣֵܹʱӽѨڵƣʱɫٴһףۡһ³һѪ
ɫøӾˣеĵֳѹѹֲסһֻֽסСĲӣеĵĲϣһָֻҪ㲻ҪٹҾɱ
ǱµĶ̵˶һ칤ɽԲɷΧڣһƬž˶о͵Ϣ
˺޻ɵţһļŭ˹߿Դʱ˷״̬δز飬ʱ͸ˡ
㡭
ˣʹʮַŭ״̬µһĻƣҲòͣЩԥ
ǲ뵱ɱΣС࣬Ȼֻһ鷲ˣһ֮䲢Ϥǣ֮䣬֮ǰһʱ䣬ѳ޻˵ĺѡ
ԣѵãҲԼãܣҲ飬˼Բߡ
Ȼ۾һ۾֮еǹⰵȴһĵ̲ƣͬˮ⣬ƺҪ湴߿۾Ȼֱꡣ
̷ˮϻ꣡
֮
Ȼ˷ķӣҪһֻ̣гƿܽСࡣ
һߣһĻСĸ磬ˣϵײߵʯ棬Ӳϡ
Ȼͽ޹ͨ죬ϵķأء
칤ɽƵĻεǿ
Ϊ˴ǣ߿˸ֹֽǺϢֻڱӴСףǲȥ
ڣﲻܳԮֻ԰ˣڴһء
ձȣҲǸؿŹ߿޲˺֮Ƥ֮֮Ѫ
СˣŵǱȳ֮󣬲ܶԷʲôҲԲˣҪɱԷݡ
˶עӵ˷ŭϹȥԮ飬ձȣע⵽״Ʒħġ彣߿
вˣʱġӥϡ壬ûжˣ򱻹߿Ю£ܲСࡣ
˶ʶΪһˣûʲôΪʲôһλ벽ѨʹһƷЮ£ʲôã
˵ƺѾް취
ȻǱӵС࣬ʱ۾ȴı仯
вΣˣɫģһûУɫ糣ƽ
ƽʱƽҲͱȽ⣬ԵЩأ
ڴʱ˿̣£̣ȴȻܱƽ
߿˵Լǿ˲˼ĵزߣӳˡ
ԣû⡣
ԣ˿ϵƽһ˿ˡ
ߣ޷κһݴСʱ״ֻ̬ǣڿԼΪԼƴڻճѪһ¾ܵ˿Ѫʱͫ΢һصı仯
ĴһɫӣȻʼԭɫ
ûע⵽СԼ֪˿̣۾ԽԽϣԽԽϡ
һƬˮɫȴǧ֮һɲ֮䣬һƬãããģʲô
ͬسʱָо
ϣɫɫƺЯſµ֮еĹ߿ȻһҺеˮॡء
۷ɿ֮ϣԭǰСĵطѸٳ˴ƬƬϰߡ
Щϰߣͬһȼ˴ʩȣ޷ɢ
ڵϷʹްֱʱ˲ע⵽ϣ漴һɫ
̶Ƭ̼䣬߿ڵϹ˲ȦƬ棬ȼձ漴ϳ˽ζð
͡
ٹתۣ֮ϣҲˣֻʣһǿݹǣɫĿݹǣлǵɫƺϻսķĩ
һ紵߹Ҳ֮顱һɢǧΣɢ
·𹴸߿ˣʹûϳֹһ㡣
ž漴Ȼ


310 
ϴ˫ͫ硣
ܵ棬Ȼֻȼ˲һ˲ĿһĻˣȫԭأֻһɺ⣬ӽŵֱš
˶죬˵ЩΧԱߵ칤ɽӣϣɫ䣬˳ʮ⡣
ЩվŶ棬˵ظʮԶˣҲһʶ˳һ
ʱǲŷԼʵͦԶлЩǣֹ΢ģŸͣԭأۿ
žȻ̾ǡ
̶Ƭ̼䣬ȫ㾭档
˶Ӧ֮ǴͣžһƬ󻩣ȻǸ¶˼飬ٺĸо̾ǡ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
̫ǿˣ
һ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
һ
ˣ
һ
¶ֻ뷨
˵죬أǿ󣬶ǸŮ
Էһͨˣϲаֵȴڴʱ˿ת˲佫һ°İ벽Ѩǿճɷɻҡ
˶Щĵ׷η壬ɫ԰ף
̣£칤ɽ洫ӹ߿״û˲£η壬ǡ
Ǳˣۿ;úֱͷԼѾ񡭡
ֻһˣȽϳȣȴӾȣзӦ̾Ϣˡ
칤ɽ𻷡Ļӣֻˡ
ҲĴڣһĳͻֻҪڴս롣
սӪʹƣһʱűսڧֻսľ棬һ·ȥ󣬲½
Щϳɳȵˣľ档
һõ˲Σ˶Уûܹ⡣
칤ɽǰԺ֮УʩȣȴΪ̫ͻȻӦ칤ɽ³ϣӥϡ壬ڵһʱ֮漴Ҳ뵽档
ţţͲһĺ顣
亹ŵġ
˵ǰֻͨһС£۾ܽ㲻ʲô
ʱѾһԼŵĸһϣѾǡС¡
Ϊ³ϣһãпܲǹ߻ͻһڶǣսĴ֡
ʱǧָΪˡ
ֲòΪǴʱ칤ɽߵķʩ֮ˡ
˵֮£һСݵԭȡ˴ĶԲߣʣģһ󲿷ݵĽҲϡ
Ǻͣս
ͣôͣЦ룬ܡ
ıϾԼŸĶӣ룬ԷҲܿϣҪĶңңᵣ
ң¹칤ɽ棬Ҳ¾˽ᣬȻ˶˵칤ɽۣѪһɥ
ս
ԱȺ͵Ľ³ӿ£Ѿ񣬵ʱӪߵľһб䣬᲻ᱻն̨Լ顣
ɲ뵣Ρ
Ŀת֪ʱ䲻࣬Լ̫ԥ
칤ɽеˣԼ磬ߴŵˣҲһ䣬ȫڴˡ
һʱ䣬˴ĶѴȸ䵽ܱߵ׻ǿ߸˹
УҲĸ߲㣬ڴ˵֮ˣǧ׷ꡱŷ硣
ԷȻҲһһѨڵǿߡ
һ֪Է᲻æһæԼʵδռš
ΪԼߣʵѾֳԷһǧ׷ꡱŷ磬һƺ˿ԼӣԼһ֪ݣȴܷػͨŮӡ
Էʵδ֪ġ
ս뾭ľ档
ϾǾþ̵һ˲뵽˽İ취
ĿǰҲֻСˣץһһץӣҲŻȥϾԼдȡ
ǣףɱԼŸŵŮȴһҪ£䡣
ʱ򣬲ľԼûϵˡԼԽǱߣҲΪһ˳ͷ
ΪûһΪ˳ͷҲͬÿڱսĿܡ
ִΪսǹˣʱ򣬱ģͲǣ
ԣֻһ˲֮䣬Ϳ飬ȷһʧ֮˲˾쵶նصңǸ֣зɱۣ
ֳȥ΢ЦӣǸ֮ǰǵЩᡣ׼ȻѾôӴǵȥǸŲ¾ʹ˽ᣬ칤ɽҲ׷Σ
Ҳ󣬲׷֮ǰĵҺƽ
˵꣬¶һΪˡ΢Ц
Ȼ˭֪֮ȴֻǴЦһȵΣ
Ǹͨˣ޶ץΣƣֳв֮󣬾Ȼ˵ףҪץ
ҵѣ˭ңץǾȴҵʬϲȹȥɣ
˵꣬һݣѾԥֱӳ£ĳԱȥ
ĳԱһ֧СӣھСӵĳԱҲ칤ɽڴˣе֧Сһ֧
ӥϡķԸȻһԥҲСĹЩη壬ʣǺͣŴڵСȥ
ԭأĪ칤ɽ洫ӹ߿СԭأͫҲѻָԭֵɫ޹ʣȻҲŴ
ֻ棬ƺǹʱԵЩήңǱɫһƬ԰ףڵء
ʱ˵ֻһͨˣһѨǿߣֻҲ׸ķݣ޷ֿ
Ҫ˵ԷʵǿԱˡ
ԣʱھСӵĳԱץȻӦֵ´ࡣ
漴ӰҲһĳԱ繥ȥͼ赲
Ļظ֮󣬡ӥϡҲ÷ŭ
ȫ֮ǰһе뷨ʲôʲôڴս˲ˣԺ
Ӷ£ɫڵúãǾȻԲ⣬Ϊ칤ɽ𣿡
ȻˣҪսս԰һˣͽܲ䣡
˵꣬һѾͬһֻھӥ˶ȥ
һʱ䣬սСǰԱУԺ칤ɽӥϡ
칤ɽǰԺһƬңսһ


311 
ǾĶǣˣҲһ۵ɿڴľЩĿϾӵĸо
Ӷգһ£´ʲô
ৣ
ʯ䣬칤ɽǰԺȻվǷԲʮ֮أټòԶһĳԱѾִСǰɴ
һóٶȵĸ֣磬ǰ棬ǵھСӵĶӳȲ
ΪС໹һξ룬ҪٹϢϢʱ䣬ܵСʱȴľȻˡ
һ죬۱һž죬ĿĿ£ۣȻ޶쳤絯һ֫
֫쳤գ۾͵Сͷץȥ
Էȴȫ޷Ӧ㶣ټȫ̱ڵأ޵зӦҲûá
ۿһ̣ҪĳԱץУڴʱѾϵȻһξ룬֪ԲСԷС
Եһʱ䣬֮ǰԸ彣߿ƴġ̷ˮϻ꣡
ֻĿһתԭġ彣߿ĳԱµӡ
һ·ˮƣ˫Ŀзͬˮһ㣬һգ۾䵽ȥµϡ
ûĿԣԷȻȻܵһӰ죬һͣ˰գָСĲȻѾֻ֮ң
Ȼ磬ѾõһУһ
ĳԱǵСӳ֮
ڴʱĳԱǵСӳȴһۣϬһתץ£˫ְֻƣ볯
棬⽣⺮ӳĿ
һ㶣漴ͷӦ˹⼸Լ󷨲˫Ŀӣͺʩչӳ̫Чá
ʹһʱãֲ˶ãеԱܿѹԼˮϻĺµӴᡣ
״ȴһЦΪԼ׶ԸôȻУҲһѨ벽Ѩڴʱ治ôڡ
ԪѪʩչȫͬѨڸ֣ʱֱ绢Ⱥ˫һ˲ûһƬ⽣֮С
žžž
нһƬҡ
ȵɢȥȴȻ֣𣬶ĳԱǵСӳȴȫɵһأףֱߵıҲɢԱߣȴ޽ս֮
һУԱȫܣ
˾̾ͬʱȴֲһüΪͬʱӦȻһмɱ˶֣ǣԷĿģȴǴﵽˡ
ˮϻ³Աı֮һеãɢһ˿
ۿֻҪٹһϢܳ׻ָѣٴץС࣬ʱһнݣʹȣҲˡ
Ҫǣʱ칤ɽ³ϣʵߴѨڵĵһˣӥϡ壬ҲѾɵ
ֻһţУԪؿٻۣȻƾһֻɫĽӰ
Ӱһӣͳ󱳻
ؿռ䣬ġ֨¡ȻɫĽӰ˺ѿռ䣬󱳣Ѩǿߵƣһʱ¶
ͨԪǿߣһ֮£ֻҪܡ
ʹһѨһǰҲͬ׵ĸ򣬺޻֮
ϧͨѨȻսѨûжãǣʵȴѾԶһѨǿˡ
ֻϧĻͷһѾѹĺµӣȴǲòعͷУȻһɫᡣ
ͨ͸ϵˣǣһ֣ȴɢһǿҵһӣĽӰ
ͣ
ͬΪķһ״ɫĹ⻪ֱĽƽӰȥ
ɫâڰкȻײ漴ȻֻһȻ졣
ǣ
۳ڳ⣬˾һ漴һ̧ͷе͸ῴȥ
ϣӳĵҲȾһƣ·ʵһˣϳʲôһϹ᣿
һλŮӣʹһصı֮£˳ƺΪŮ
еıһö˵ᡣ
Ȼ֪öǲľϹŴöġᡱ˶֪ᣬԲͬΣȻԵѨǿߣӥϡȫһ
Ҫ֪ȻʹһֶΣǿѨڣҲֻƣΪ̶ȣ϶ڴ˾ȶӥϡ
һȻƾУ൱˵ѷᣬ١


312 
ֹΧˣӥϡ忴öƷʱҲɳһ
ԭΪڱصãһٴչһȻ޹ԷһöƷƣ²̨
᣿
Щ־ɣЩš
ȻʱԶҲᡱĴЩر˵ƷףȻֻƷǣȴһλǿߣ֮Ժµ
˵ƷֻƷףȾƷһСݼƷʷ
漴ӥϡͻָЦ
һƷΣǲϹŴ˵еǰѡᡱվֻƷޡ
Ϊ칤ɽ³֮һӥϡҲûԼĳӥצȻҲһƷ
ֻǣƷУӥצȽϵ¶ѡˣԼʵţҲԲǶԷһĪսʤġ
գҪöԷԲ˶ߣ칤һˡ
һ˲䣬УһصıС
Уͨ巺Ű֮⣬һֻצףϡ
צӥβȴֵһС״֪кá
צ֮£ĵĲλ̿ڣܲʮ˽ڡǡģҰҧˡ
һֻצץסַӶһѪӡ
ɣٴϾ綾ֱ޼᲻ݣԱܣֲס
ûд㶾ˣҲʮֿˡ
ӥצƷµеһǧʮλ
ף硱һ񵥣ʷϣڻԾֻҪԴ񵥡
ġݡҲŵڣ½Ҳ˴ݡ
ġݡġ޼ݡϵġݡġݡȺ޼ġݡ༴ݵȵȡ
һŴֹ
һǧٶλ٣ǷھŴݣÿһݣģ಻ߡ
ȻָֻӥСӥצ֮ǰףȻܲ
ڣһ˰벽ƷƷƷһСƷڵģܹǧ߸ֵȼ
Ȼ۳Ѿʧ٣䲻ģڻԾҲ֮ңǧߡ
ǧУһݣܷ䵽ٶʮҡ
ǿ۳һЩݣݣһЩݽǿ߽ǿʢ
ԣЩһЩİپߣЩһЩֻмʮһپߣٵģֻвʮߡ
Ǹʮݣ˵ӲȥʧģΪ˵һռĴ½Саݡֳơݡ
ߵսǳ񣬲û壬ҲԶѪȲпöࡣ
һЩݣżɳһ֧̽СӣȥһΪĳЩĵرһҲǴ̽
ǼЩӣСʧ棬棬Ӷʧġ
ȻеԶݴûǲ̽СӣҲûʵǲ
˵ھŴУʵǱȽϻƶһݡ
۳вᣬ½ϵһپߡ
ټЩѾֻڴ˵ʧ٣߱ţңɢղضʾڻԾ̨ϵһʮ߶ѡ
һʮߣӥϡеߡӥצٿŽǰһٶʮѾǷǳߵˡ
еᣬҪһЩλǰʮ
⵹Ϊԭ򣬻ĵһˣ̫ʢһЩѡ
½ǰʮǼƷǰ벽µȵģҲƷࡣ
Ʒ֮ȥģë۽ǣָ
еġᡱһ
һ֪ŹסĴڣΪǰûнӴȸλ硣
ǣʹˣҲóӥϡеöצĲͬΣ˲һ㣬Ƥë˲õԤС
ȫƺһźöצȫ

ٺ٣һڤ߹צ
ӥצ֣ӥϡƱǣ˱øӿ
ֻһЦһݣѾӥһٴ˵ĵİצһӳٶȿøצӰֻһźɫ·Ӱһ
ã
裬ˣҲ˲С࣬΢̧ĵٴμһ״Ļƹ⣬ӥצȥ
飡
һ죬Ѹٷˡ³һѪӥϡ壬ֻ΢˳һС漴¶ЦֻӶצٴι
ΣֻٴλӶ࿹


313 Ʒѧͨ
˵ǰóᣬ鷳ԭȻΪʵ̫ͣвԱסᡣ
ڣͻѨټϾӡͫ룬ʵѾʸݣʹôᣬȻη塣
ֻǣǿϾԲϡ
ҡһˣʹһܾЩŤﲻ̹ǣֻ·ˡ
Կ죬âڰвײǣ̶Ƭ̺Ͳò뿪ܿ˷â
ӥצǿһЩǣϧԷ˱Ҫǿ̫ࡣ
ԪѪܱϾޣֻڻԪãѨþѾԣСˣҵߵȼѪ֮򣬽ܿ챻̭
һĽʱѾеһ鷦֮ˡ
ԷϾһһĳϣḻֶζ³é®˿ɱȣԣ·ǱȻ
Ҳоо
֮ǰڵɽʱо̷Сԣڸ·Լ칤õȴʱУȫָ
ڣʹùһСˮϻꡱʹһм޳̶ȵľ̷ǣֻһС
ԣ׶ã׼Էһ
СİΣͷһȴȻ֣һˣ֪ʱѾС
ǲѵ칤ɽĺµӣȴ棬һƬ࣬ȴκƣҲ֪ʲôС
ˣѨڣųϣ
һ˲䣬һɾϲֱţ˶Է½£ǿƮɷɵġ֡
£֣֮һı־ΪӣȻϲ
д˾磬ʱֻģֻҪһϸ룬ͰԺеһִ
פڴ˵³ϣ帱Ѩǿ֮һǧ׷ꡱŷ硣
Ե칤ɽ£ӥϡһȼһ硣
ȻˣְңҲȫ飬ѣϾԹۡ
д󶨣عͷԶ칤ɽӥϣƷ
֮ǰףҪ칤ɽƽ˴ߣƾԼһˣѡ
ǣһִ󣬰ڷֲȫۼͬһϣ϶
ֻҪԼԼŵҲй¾а˳ɵĿԣɹ
ֻǣû뵽Сϻ䣬ȻĪðһϻ칤ɽ֮һĶЩֲѡ
ǣ⣬˭ҲԤϲ⡣
ԭִŲ֣ƾԼһˣҪӲ칤ɽһֲ뷨
ֻû뵽ͷųڳˡ
ȻֱӰС֮ǣҲܷĴ󵨣޹˼ɵһսˡ
һҲûʤ
ǱһĻߵġӥϡȻҲ֮һչ۵ס
˳ֳʱоͲɵá⡱һ£˲õԤС
һн£ҪֵѼӸˣڣ۾һƬͨ졣
ûΪף嶯ǽ෴ǵ¸󲨳ͻĵߡ
ʱߵתǱߵȵŷ磬ȷҪ칤ɽΪҪôĺ
Ǻǣ
ȫĿ֮£ȴλˣֻ΢΢һЦһĶţصôأóĪᣬֻǼλС˳ʮְֿһѡ
Ȼ
˵һתǱЩĪóŵФӡôλС˫ַˡ
˵óŵһӶò¡ٺ٣˵ãҲֻнˣ
㡭
ת˼Բߡ
ףΪһ£ŷȻȫƾ⡣мһҪڣȻŷ粻ðա
ǣԷʲô棬ΪʲôҪôأ
ڳͷϣѵԷԼ£սִ
ǧ׷ꡱŷɲʲô򵥵ܱɵһ֮ˣȻ׼򣬲ͨ
һƺţСЦħΪս´󹦣Բһǧ׷ꡱĳƺš
ûˣǸƺš
˵ЦħӦõĳƺš
һˣ˵ʱЦţһɱ㣬޵֮£˭һµأ
˷ŭԷһս
Ȳôɵĺе𡣾˵ڴˣԷһԿԺԼᲢ۵ĳŷڣ߻һĪӣԼδռϷ硣
ԣԲܳ嶯һҪŷôк⣿
ĿתȻĿ⣬䵽Լ棬ʮǰΪ⣬ʱȴòضԴϡ
ˣˣ
ȻȻ˳ŷ粻ΣգҲҪֵԭ
ԼʤˣôΪһССڵӣŷһύС࣬ƾԼá
ڽУҲΣһá
Ƕʤأ
Ȼһ亹ϵ䣬Уˮ
𣿲ȻܺСΪֹδԷǳ˵ܣǲĲ֮¡
ʹǧ֮һ֮һʮ֮һĻᣬҲǻᡣ
ԷȻ䣬Լôһ֮ӣܳΪһ֮ŷô
뵽һ㣬˲䣬һɡ
ԼʤˣŷȻһУʹԷŵĵӣҲ֮ݡ
ԼˣԷͻ᲻һУϧһдۣסԷˡ
ʱµĿʼ
ԲöԷʤŷҲ˵ˣֽ׶Σֻ֣ΪöԷûйǵһսҪģӵǱ
⣬ҵĻᣬܶԷ˽һлƣ
˲䣬ӥϡУ˿µľ⡣ǵһΣӥϡɱ
ǰǰսģڴսսá
ȴ˶Էһʮ꣬ȻƾһոͻѨΪԼ൱ɳȥǻˣ
ǲֻһף׸ΪĴڣ
ڵĵλǲǻд
ףķ
ɱ
Ȼ֪ȳϣ϶ֱɱ֡
ѾһҪȥԷΪװսʧ֡
սʧ֡Ȼ϶ĲǲڸΣ
ԼึһĴۣʧȥλؽնѣȴһܽҪľǡ
ֵã
ڤͨ󷨣滯
һ˲䣬¶ĵġӥϡ壬ɢ˺ȻƣһɫĻ棬ɣ˲鲼ȫ
ͷһ˵˻ģȴгһһʮ¡
ӥϡУȴȻһε
к泯л۹ϿգȻγһֻ֣׺ݵ࣡
ԶһĻǧ׷ꡱŷ۾΢΢һ䣬Դһ˿ݡ
Ȼ칤ɽĵƷѧͨ󷨵һڤ
壬Ҳм򵥣Ҫöడ
Ȼ˿ڵһӣ治֪ңǲҡͦסҺڴ


314 ϣ
ǧ׷ꡱŷ˸²ػСΧ۾ȴһתתŶս֮
룬֮Ը֣Ϊ˱סԷԷǲһѨڳս
Уŷͻ᲻ϧһд۱סڿսҲϧ
أʹţŸ߲Ҳһͬľ
սܣʹûͶʼֵȻ㾪ޣȴֵڴսά
ʱྡöԷѣҪôҪ칤ɽ̬ȡ
飬ûءԣһнһսĽ֮С
ֻǣܹսʤ
ŷҲйǣڿóӥצּ칤ɽڹͨʱе뷨ȴɢС
УҲϣֻǣܻһ˿ڴ΢̾˿Щź
ѵųһ֮ӣѨھȻͿѨǿ࿹һʱ䣬սʤȻ¡
ǣʹ䣬ȴδЩ̫ϧˡ
ֻǣƷʵ̫ǿһŵֻ֮ȼʸ
ҳһˣȫˣģ붼Ƕƪ߲С
ƷͬһĹһƪ糤ڵڹƷϽ׹쾭Ͱɡ
УɲΪͨƪ̫ƪ͡ƪķ
ΪȻ̫ƪϸһƪܾ͡
칤ɽŵƷн׹ͨ󷨡ͬˣ๲ƪ֮档
Уƪ͸ͬһͨ
ΪףݵλʮҪ֮ˣѧһСƪһ䣬ǡֻһ仰
ˣʹΪ֮ΪƷһ˵ʵ̫Ҫˣܲܽ׷ĸ
ѧһ۰צֻһ԰ĵƷоҲܴǿǵʵΪ
ʵǿˣҲʹǿˡ
ֻǣΪؽĵĶܾ϶ܽǶѡ
Ϊһϵ״ֻһĺѡˣʸѧϰ
ȻӥΪ칤ɽ˵һ֮ˣûʸѧϰȫƪͨ󷨣ȴʸѧϰͨ󷨵һƪġ
ͨ󷨵ĵһƪڤǽڤɻ棬ޣս
ֹҲǺһһڣҲ޵Ƚһֹ
˵һƪڤһʮڤɹѡߣţӥ󣬵ȵȡ
оǣڡӥϡٻֺɫ
һʮֱ仯ӥϵӦûѧȫֻ֡
ӥ϶֣ǵжӥ࣬Ӧþǿֶˡ
ǣǧҪСͨ飬ٻڤ޵ֶΣΪԹ⡰ڤ֮ˣ֪١
ȼյֺɫ棬ǷҲ䣬ڤһϵֻ磬ڤвС
ǿɲͨڣһʮأضǿĻ棬Ｔ٣޼᲻٣ʮֿ¡
ڤɫڣΪ칤
칤ɽⲿͨ󷨡ڵԭ
ڤʺͨ󷨡еڶƪС칤һŽ֮ѧĹ
λ칤ɽõⲿ֮ͨ󣬲𽥽Ÿĳ칤ɽǰ칤ɽֵģǧɽ
칤ɽµӣѧģ칤Ĵǳż
Ȼġ칤ʹ칤ɽУʸѧϰܴ콫յģҲûмˡ
ֻһЩڳϣ̫ϳһʸӣôǳ޷š

ˣԡ
ɱ
Ѿ¶ģҪԵƣһֻ޴ɫʱӥϡ̲סһߺȣԹü䣬ͶȻϣٶȾǿٵˡ
칤ɽƷѧ̫񲽣
Ҳ֪ǿļְƷ֮һ
еĺɫſ֮ºɫƣ˫ͬ˹鶯׺ݣ
溮Ϯˣɫ棬Ȼ˸оֻһƬ䡣
⣬ʴܵĵ棬ʯ̳ɵĵϣһƬ˪ᡣ
壿
ɫ΢΢һ䣬γԾ
ΪѨ඼һְ壬ķˮ壬֡
ˮ˵׳ɹʵû˵ûзˮ壬ȫ޷ͻѨ
ǲǣͻѨѡ
ЩˣΪѨֶΣ߻Եɺϣһ飬ͻơ
еѨûհ壬Īɹˡ
ȻˣһԣսҲԵ£ԶԶЩ˰ѨǿߵĶ֣պɾޡ
Щ˰ˣԵɺϣյģǷˮ壬塣
ǰʱ칤ɽӥϣյģа֮һĻϵ塣
칤ɽңΪ飬ջϵ࣬ӵҲǿ
ûҲѨѶȽϴ󣬵һɹҲǿ
һƬѻȸ˶ŵ˺ϢֻкɫʱĿֲ
̺ܵĿɲ壬ԼԵĿƣɫһ䣬ҵৡѸٳȥ
УٶȣȲӥϵ̫񲽣ܿҪЯβ׷ϡ
Σֻ÷࿹ָһӰεָͷɫϣȻȫ޹㲨ƶˡ
ƷϽ׹Ȼȫã
ɫٴһ䣬ܵ˼֣ǰûкǿĶֽսǵһΣҲѵһΡ
һ࣬һתڰգ˫ַֻһƬ֮Ӷм䡣
غϣ
ֲĻƣ֮ӥϻĺɫҪҰٱǿĹֶ֮һȻ
һ̣ɫСһЩȻȫˣУ׹ʢˡ
ণ
һХ棬ɫٱ䣬Ȼ֪ӥʩչģʲôҲܵŹĲͬΣƺľѹơ
ôܣ
ɫ֮£ҲҲ׾ὣȻ֣ϵ֮䣬һ⣬˳ȥ
ͼž彣̨©Ҷཹ߽ڰ˽ܻ̣ھŽҹã
彣ͬ
Ȼɾ䣬ֲĽƣǣأ칤ɽǰԺһƬģ
ڣֻɫܵΣգȶ˫ᣬҪ𣬱ܹ⣬ǣĽ⣬ӳƬȴҲȻͬһʱ̧߸߶ȣĸ¡
࣡
һļɢֻɫڰУȻ壬ķѣɢΪһĺɫ棬˷䡣


315 У
һɫһƮ䣬֪̺Ŀƣųϴ󾪣æһֻ֣֣뷢䵴
ŵӣݱЩƮ䣬Ʈ֮ȴҪ䴦շЩ˵
˲䣬һɫȼգ칤ɽֲĩһ׳ۿ¾
칤ɽϣǼæȻһɫѿȻҲ޿κΡ
ϾҲܷЩ渲ǴƬڵӣʱ칤ɽֻҪŭǿԶջһЩء
ɢ칤ɽֲͬܵһϮãð̡
Ȼв칤ɽӣȻ𣬵Ҳֲɵ˺ҲĿӡ
˴ųϣǲģһовּæڵԶһЩŸҼԭعۿ
Уӥϡȫûϵһ㣬ȻԵסⱥɱĵƷһЩ˼飬ģǼɵ͸ʢɱġ
ôܣ
ȫûйܱջٵÿӿݣһƬ칤ɽֲڲ˼ԷղʹõֽʲôΪʲôԵסԼƷһ
Ҫ֪ƷһصĵȼѹƣͨŹǰӲĳɣҪ˵ˡ
ʹǿֿѡ
ǸղţȴĽԼ滯һɶγֺͬԵ
ʲô
ԷɲһССӣȻЩ츳ʵǿӦҲûʸѧϰΨһƷ
ң棬Ҳûһƪ
ȻˣǾ͸ֵûˣѵһŲ֪ĵƷ
ǣôܣЩԼĲ²⡣
ǰ䣬ƷܹôϵģҲ;ŵʮңڸһһϻͷð벿
ģżصأ򱻸ҲԲᳬʮ岿½ļޡ
ʮ岿Уϻͷյǰ벿콣ƪʵûרŽġ
ղʩչĽԲǡ콣ƪеݣҲлᣬϻͷУõ콣ƪط
Ǿ͸ֵûˡ
ȴ֪ͼžأǵԺڵаħʮļžɮҲԭС
²⣬˹ǳʧһڣžڣƷףӦٴﵽ˵Ʒͽ׼
ǰڻԪʱֻǿʹǰĽʹʹñԪѪʱҲǿ߶彣
ڣѨȻһˡټϣϢӳ֣Ѩڣͼž߽Ȼ롣
彣ѨھͿʹõĽ
߽ڰ˽ѨڿԽĽ
ھŽѨڲܽĽ
ڵʮԼʮһʹѨڣûãһƬģ
ƣֻеѨ۷壬벽пʩչ
⣬ȻҲⲿڴԴԣΪĵȼѹǰͨ󷨣Ҳ޹á
⣬Ȼ˼һҪԭ

벻ףɴ಻룬ˣɱʢ
ԵסԼƷһˡ
۾֮УһһЦܵסһͲܵסڶĻ
ڤͨ󷨣쿪ħӥ
໣
ɫȼһα֮ǰʢ
һֵֻĲӥģԽԽʵ۾⣬Ƥë죬Ŀչ
̫񲽣嵶ֽ
̤ĲȻ߳нһϳһĺۼô˿̵ӥϣΪһƬס
һѾ˵࣬ڤħӥչ¶˫ᣬǼ๣˸һâֱǡ
ұһǸոȴӥǣ¶һ˿Ц⣬һã
ʾߵӥϣȻҲͬʱɢȻֻһӰ
ұߣӥڵĸΣȴȻ֣ǱȥȻǹ͵һ㡣
вӥ׷ǰڳΣ֮УӥһУȻǹ壬ڰΧ
Ȼڴʱһ飬Ȼ˺ȻҲɢԭģҲһӰѡ
Ծ𣬽·Ҫһ㳯ӥкǵƷͽ׽ͼžǰŽβӣ಻һнһС
ȻǰΪֲû뵽Żᱻȥ˵һС
׼ټԼҲӵеƷϵĹӥᱻĽá
ֻһߣмһЦС
˫ӣӥצâϮĽ⾡ɢ󣬺ɫӥת򣬾ȻڰУȻһ֣һΪΪģΪΪʮ
ʮֻɫӥȻαԭ֮ɫһ֣Щģȴγ˸ɱ֮
˲䣬Σ֮С
ڴʱ޿κ֮£Ȼ˵ĵͼþΪֶ࣬Щ걻ޣﵽһȴòĻþ»صԺ֮С
ֻȻվԭأƺǷ˷ҾȻ۾˫ֺʮһֵķʼ
֮壡
֮ڣˮ̳ɣܶȻһһƬƬ·ñɵҶƮ䡣
ã
֮ܵ½˶еһĺ⣬ǣһĻӥȴɲмһЦƾ뿹ҵͨħӥôΣ
ȻչƬ̣еıҶһƬƬɢڴʱȻЦˡ
ٴ۾
һ˲㹻ղǵһʱ뷢ȴ鵢飬õľ̷ڶʽҫ񷣬ʽ
˫Ŀ˹һƬɫ
ɫ˫ͫУǧ껮˫ۣǹ貣⻪ҫۣأҪ˵
ֻǿһۣ;顰⡱һ³³һƬδ顣
һͷ޷Զؾʼӳ
ֲǳ֮⣬ͬңԶ̫չ͸һööɫӥ
飬飬飬飬飡
һɲͬǳըʮֻɫӥһһ䣬ɢɫ̻
Щɫӥڤɣһǳ޼˲Ԥ֪ͻͱ仯˶û뵽Ŀֲѿʼ
ͬȻʮöʮĵ˵µĳ֮һɫĻιȦչ
бķݣˣҪôֱӱըҪôͱƷʮɷΧԹȥ
һЩѨͼϣҲ⣬ƺһ²֪
Һãʵĳڣæһʵȫſ֣סڵӡ
вˣЩΧɳ֫Ѫڷƺߣྡ飡
бˣҲɫףܵܵѪ
ǵĳϣҲһϿʼѪЩܲסαԣһʱɫ䡣
Ҳ̶á


316 £
ңϿգ
ԭΪ˶Կ裬ҲһãΪȶڵľơ
ԣɾ޴ĳͻȻ˲䣬ͷգȻһɫĹâ
Щâݺύ֯ͬɢһɹ͵ĹⲨ˲кͳɢ
ˣԶһЩЩһʱܵˣȻһڵأɫף龪֡
Ǵ˿ȫߣֻ͡һȫˣжԶܶԶ
飬飡죬Աߵˣվе룬սĵġӥϡ壬Լȴûκλ
ƺһһƴһ֦쵹ɶܲһ㵹ڵء
̲֮ס롰ۡһ³һѪɫת԰ףκѪɫ
һȻȥ˶ԷħӥҲܵشڸˡ
ӥϣܣħӥ棬̺Լһƻ־Уһһǳ֮䱬ͬʮľ޼ܵƱ
ֻ˿̣Ǳճ೾ҡҡλվһ˼ؿİꡣ
ҳϣС㣬޷뿪
ͬھɣ֮Ѫȼ֮һʽӡ
ֻ¶Ȼ֮ɫ飡һѪըƼֱԽѨڣﵽѨ۷壬벽ĵز
ȻҲһ㣬ȼѪ֮ұıԪѪǿΪҲһ¥
˫ʮָ紩һ㣬趯һɫڤ棬ɡ
棬Щɫڤ棬Ȼһ˿˿ҵѪɫͬһѪܣͬһööСɣƣС
Ѫɫţӥϡޣͨǿһʽӡʩչ
һһѪɫСĺɫӡǰԽԽ󣬿ٽӽΪ֮ѣ¡ƺҲܵ˲
֮ϣٴһɫĹâ˸ŴĿĹԣڰһʮɳľ񽣣ԥҪҪ¡
ˣܵ˿µϢϢԶС࣬ձһ˵£ǧ׷ꡱŷ磬ɫ䣬ŭһ壬ˣ
ȻʹҲ
Ҵʱġӥϡ壬ԭʵͲ֮£ʱȼѪһһ
ټϵƷļӳ֣ǿҲ赲
Ϊ˾ƴԼǲֵãվԭأһʱЩԥ
֮ϣֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫһѪɫȻţɺĿ
ܵУԽԽĺɫӡһЦ
ٸһηӡĻᣬҲûлֵȻˣܻ
ǡûˣ˿̾ȫĹ⣬տյʶͬһƬ˵һӡ֪һ˿ϸ˿ѡ
ǰ״̬µҫ񷣬Ѿķȫľ
ټոͻѨ粻ȣ¶ѨѾΣȻָܿʹˮϻҫ񷣬Щ֧穡
ʵӥʽܿɹ󣬵ʱԪѪʱЧҲѪȥ֢ʼǻС
ӥȼѪһʽȴʵΪˣ
ֻؿţûᡣΪԷһУʵѾͨ˵ļޣѾﵽ˷֮½޵еĳ̶ȡ
ʹȫʢ״̬£Ҳ֣Ҫ˵Ǵʱˡ
ڴʱԶߣһᡰס漴һ·ĻɫӰȻһΣʹʮ￪⣬˲һĵ칤ɽս룬һ۾ͿǷǴԽԽķκӡ
ţ
һֻ֣һֻͨͨ֡
Щ԰ףȳ˸ͨ
ֻ˲䣬غȻãһˮ롣
ˮɢӣģǵɫӡȦС
ˮתһȦһȦɫӡ֮ϵĹâʼԽԽԽԽ
գǿԻأһǳصĿɲӡõƷûţһźڹ⣬ˮת䣬ȫɢһա
Ϣͬûгֹ
ȫžѻȸţ
ͬס͵ѼӣӲԭأͷԲ̧ߣ۾Ŵͬ˼飬ʧǵ顣
ͣʧˣ
þˣ
ձеľʹ֮ɫת˿ϲǧ׷ꡱŷеԥ˾㵡
ҲһĿ࣬Լ۾
ǡ
ӥϡ۾У¶˲ͻĳޣŶһ£ͻȻֵˡ
ûᣬֻЩϣƺ̬س١
ϣ˿ĺۼȴĸоת
ûǵ
֮һ׷Ķƽʱţ翲ɼȴܣγۿɼĶ֮ΧһصϢ
Ϊ
ǣף
ȼԼѪ⣬һӥϡеĹʿȥ
ȻǲʣȻʹޣǣڲϳήȥͷ·һ俪ʢĻͻȻʧʼ㡣
Ҳ·Ʈҡ𣬲ɢͬһǺۣؼ䡣
ӥϡƤۿɼٶȿʼϣӣƤٹ⻪תƤѣơ
˵һ仰ˣͨһȥϵϢʧĿ
˵һ仰ȴֳȻ󲨡
˺ȻͻȻһƾĥΪĽɹĻ˿ȥ۾У𾪣ɻеǣСһַĵĤݡ
ΪǱˣǡ
һʮ꣬¼䣬ǿ֮һߺ֮ס
֮ӣݺᣬƥУͬһȽȽǣȺӢϺȻ
ССֱͣȥ˿ϣ׼½μӿս˶Ϊ
˭֪˭Ҳû뵽֮ȴͻȻϢڿϴһ˷ȥΪΪһ鷲ˡ
ȴ״̬˹ϥӴʧ٣˵Ҫ֮
˭Ҳ֪ȥߵʲôġ
ڴʱȻˣҡ
뵽֮ǰǲ˿̻ȴǵһƣ˶Ĭ𾪣վԺģһµĲˣݸӡ
һƣֻ£Ѿͨļ˰ɣ
Ѩ۷壬ǰ벽
Ϊָˣңһ¥
뵽֮ǰʱŪͻƣ˶оˣյ֮ӣ»ˡ
ǿģĽֻ𾪣𺳣
һɹĪĸоϮ˵ͷ


317 ֮
칤ɽǰԺǾþõһƬž
վԺģһ£ã̶ֲƬ̣ȴȻ󲨵ˣ˵ı졣
㣬ף
Ժһͷŷ۾Щš
ӰϡϤȴָôİĸоֻʮɾ룬ȴ֮ͬǧƶˡ
Ϊ³֮һȻǶʱ
ֻǺױϣҲ˵Ϊڷֲ£Դ֮޼档
ȻһΣټ׸ĸܣȴ֮ǰȻͬ
˵緢˵â¶޷ֺ˵׳־ƺϢ
һˣȴһɲĸоλѨǿߣ͸ˡ
ǿ͸
Ҳ֪ڵӦʲô磬Ҳ֪ڴﵽֵȼǻԪѨǡ
ŷ綼֪׻᲻
Ϊϣʼգûһ˿תĺۼһƣҲֻͨͨ⡣
⡱һƣȴһƻӥȫһġӡǺεȿɲ
˵ͨôͨˣ
˵⣬ϣֿκǿӰӡ
óŷơ
ֹڵӣִ£ϣ¶ͬı飬ʣ󣬲⣬̽ѯ桭
ûһˣ׿ʳ
·һڣʹʲô˲õĶ
ӻعͷ
һŲΣȴԿ˷˪ӣᣬ۾֮Уȴ޷εľ뵡
ǣȴ˭Ҳ޷ϣһħӣֻҪһۣ;Լ̣
ŷ΢΢ǷǷЦЦڵϡ
΢Ц֮ʱ¶һڰٻղ۾֮еƣѸȥһĨᡣ
ϤĻһ˲䣬ŷ缤ԣף
ʱѾȷǰˣȷʮǰͬӣǵϣ֮ǡ
ԭûбϣԭֻˣ
һ̣ŷУŨŨľϲȷһǱܲٱľϲ
ûǾϲ
û˭ܱȷԼźˣܽŷˣ»ϲ顣
ֵÿһӼܵϢϢţһķ籩
Ҫǰȥ֮ɣڴʱͻ
ܵ칤ɽӣϣտʼһûзӦһƬžͣŵӥĿʬ壬ȫ
ǣŷĻǡ
Щ̧ͷĴ˿ȴ칤ɽֲһƬǽ壬䣬ٲյķֺʢ
Լߵĵӣˣ֫ϱۣȫǱһײ˹ǶϽۣ˲ء
˸տʼãȻãȻʹ࣬ʹǷŭŭ֮ж
˶һۣȻΪ׵һµӴͷվڳġ׳ȥŭһɱ˳ϣҪӥϱͽ
칤ɽӣϣ赶Ū׳ڣУſ̹ǵĳޡ
ȻǰԼʹýУġӥϡͻȻ֣ܵġ׵ϡ
Щˣں޻ȼ£ǲκǵģֻ֪պۣ˶Ŵ󲿶ӳǰɱȥ
һʱ䣬ǧݺᣬһɹɺĴǵ⽣˸졣
Ҫǰ֮ˣʬΣǵĳϱ
Ȼ˿ֲĳȴֻ΢΢̾ϢһŲ룬˫΢΢Ρ
顭
һ칤ɽӣϣȫ󵹷ɶͬغ«ԭɭȻ칤ɽǰԺ˲һƬǺ֮
Ȼó䶨ЩСۡҽУΪҪǶϽۣˤڵص칤ɽӣϣȴȻ֣Լȫ£Ȼһ˿˺ҲûУҲûκơ
⡭ôˡ
һãԼߣǱߣãȻ
׺ݵ칤ɽӣΪԼãֵĳȥת˲ֱ˷ɻء
أɺˡ
Щ֮ڷԣ֪Ƕ飬ǣ̲סһͷ˾κˡ
Ҫ˵ôˣʵѨǿߣһϣȻһӶ򲻹㹻
ǣԷܴùǣҲˡ
ҪԷһ㣬½ǶƬȴְԼȫˣɣ֮󣬾Ȼֱֺˡ
Ǿԭ³ϣӥϡȫʢʱڣҲ
˶Ĭˣһɫѿʶǰ֮ˣȫǿɵУûٸǰȥˣһԳ޵Ŀˡ
ûйǣֱ߹ǣ֮أһ˿˿֮꽵£䵽ÿ˵ϡ
Щ˾ķ֣ԼܵƣȻʼԶתۿɼٶȣ˿С裬䡣
ڸָͨعԺκʱ򶼻Ծö࣬ͬ˽е״̬
ʱţһ°빦
ƬƬϢ֮䣬Щܵˣ߲зϵˣȻһ
˶ϵ֫޷ؽӣ޷ڵƣĴۣǰʱһаˣʧ٣·ֱӻһ㡣
˶еһĺ֮Уͬѡǲľ֮ѣǴֵֿѡ
бԾˣЩԼ۾߹վŻһ˵ĽۣȴѾж磬ұ㣬漴һ¶Ȼ뾪֮ɫ
ʲôֶΣ
һֶ
⻯꣬գٲٽ⡣
ЩĵӣֻԿħһм߹Ļӡ
΢˽һЩģȴǸ죬ɫ԰ס
ΪףʲôֶΡ
ѾǽӴһ˿֮켣ֶˡ
ǷǿߣרеֶΡ
ˮȻ֮չգس
ѵѾӴһ˿𣿡
ЩеľһµףߵɵڵأĿȫʧͬһ߿ʬ칤ɽӥϡǰͷһۣ̾һ
Ǻο࣬Ǻαأ
漴֮һĨ佫ǶԲܺĿ˫ۺϣڵȡԹˣȻΪȡд˼ҲΪţĿɡ
ڤ֮ţһ·ߺã
˵꣬վԽʬֱһߣڵص
칤ɽĵӣһƬȣʹ޵Ŀ⣬ˣȴ˵κλ
ķķ𣬿ϧǰ̫֮ǿ󣬳ļޡ
ô˶һ֮Уʵڲ֪ʲôȥǰ֮˶ԿԶֻĿţߵԼųϵʬǰۣȻ߹Խǡ
һ֪֡ʵǼģҲֹһΣ𣿡
ߵڵصǰȴһ΢Цϵؿ˵
ȫپһĿתϵ


318 
ڵϵ𺳣漴ֱܳ
ʦ֡
վ𣬳ȴ׸ֹסˡ
ͬڵӣӦ໥֣һæҲֻǻԵɺϣʲô˼⡣
״иӸмȻһʱȴ˵ʲô
״΢΢һЦļֵݹһ΢ɫСƿӣת뿪ŷķȥ
ӹƿһֻɫĵҩԲΣɢһɹ֮
񵤣
һ漴ֱϲȥıӰͷǼĪ
ǰû˵˺ֹҲֹһΡ
Ʒ£أǰ
δཻȴΣ˵δ̸һһȴһĬġ
ţƾ׵϶ѷԼֻѡ
һΣ˵ʽһλ棬־ԼȻȻͬ
ףԶ󶥷ӵһˣʦ֣ϯӡ
ȻڣƾݵλֻѾܲһˡ
ǣţÿһ󳤴ĵ˵ףԶǵĴʦ֡
ͻ𣬻Ǽ׷͸ϣҲûˣӵڴ壬Լݵλ
ΪһʱӡǣΨһģʱݣʷݣ򣬽Զûȡλá
ֱΪ˵

һ񵤣ſڣһ̷ȥӽٶȣظԼľ
ƲͬڱˣǾĹأֻ辫ָɡ
񵤣һֻظҩʮ벻ָ
ˣˮ֮ϵ򣬿϶ָκá
ϧͬʹףҲû̫õİ취ҩʵʡ

ץʱָԼľһߣҲ߻ص˳ŷǰ˵̸Ȼ˵һЩʲô
ֻܶǵ촽ڶȴҲ޷ƾ飬²˵Щʲô
Ҳ޷ʺԼ̽ѯУԽմµĽ֮ˡ
ǰ飬ѾͨˣֻҪ䶯ǣڸ߲㡣
ð˴֮һ칤ɽ³ϣѨǿߣӥϡ壬ȻѾһС¡
ң֮⣬칤ɽһλĶӣԼͨӣεͽ
Σ飬һ𶯰ڣɧң˭˭Ҫгһ³̡
ŷɫȻҲ⡣Ȼ˳֮ΪЦħȻϣҲûʲôõİ취
ףɫƶƺʮֵġ
˽̸һ֮漴վһߣ˫ָڱ󣬾ȴ
Ƭֲ̣ӰԶɶ칤ɽϷ
Ŀ⳯һɨ漴׿ȻվġףԼŷ磬ϡ
ڿ·칤ɽֲżԼʬ˾ǲüͷһ壬漴һ䣬
˵ȺУһ󼫵͵ľвš
Щ૵쿴ش˵ص󷨵ǿߣŮˣԼ¥¥ѩʱ硯
ˣһ۴䣬¾ƮƮ֮ˣԼѶһ¹װŮӡ
嵭䣬һ£һʮֿµʣͬһΥ
ǰ˴ţһֺפڴ˵أڼڵ󷨵ǿ֮һŮˣھ硣
ģǳھѧƷϽ׹쾭˵ɲѾ̫顣
Ǵﵽ۷壬ܾ㣬ʵ֮ߣп֣ǰ
һˣһ£ؿһöɫŶǣºͣһ̺ȣ˫΢ߡ
¥¥ѩʱ硱˵Ĺ¥ڹ͡īʡ
Ȼ硶쾭ֻǵƷ½׹Ȼ˭СһԴ
Ϊǰ֮УǼƼĴڣǰ֮еҼʵ
սΪشҪԼΣأÿֱ꣬ǲλǿ߹Էһ
λǿߣǷϣƩǰһ꣬칤ɽ·أһ꣬Լ
ٺһֵ꣬Լаɽɽ¥¥Լ
ʥҲǷǿߣֻҪѣһиҪѹʹص׵ħԻΡ
Ҳ⣬ʱǲǿ߹æУս󲿷ְ񣬾Ǿ֡
ػҪһԱսǿ󣬼ʹڵսӣҲǵĶ֡
Ƿ˴£󶼱Ϊش˵ص󷨵ǿߣܸ֪Ϊ龿Էһһ
ԣƶȺڴˡȻûã˱Ƿ䵽ǰ


319 ͽ֮
֮üͷһ壬Ĵһ֮ǰмʡ
½¥ѩʱ硱ͬ΢¶ɫȴûп˵ʲôֻǾվȴ˵Ŀڡ
ʽϣ˵ҪһЩԶ¡
Ȼʲôȱ©֮Ҳһ򰵵㣬֮
Ŀһɨܿȷ˳֮ˣüͷһ壬ңңλ
Ȼмһʱһǿߣǰһϣ֣ȴûм˵ġ
ԣΪչأٵؿ޵ġŮˣûмױˣȻҲϲ
һµԣ˺һеȴ֮ͬ񣬿˵ס
ӣף
Ȼûˣɫ˵֣ȴ϶һЩģȻҲ֪˷ȥΪ֮¡
ʱֻΪһģҲˣΪ֮ϧһ󣬾һλ֮žʹ䣬˵Ǻ¡
ʱ׵Ļ˶پһ⣬£Ҵ׼ۣ̲ס쿪ڵ㣬Ϊˣ˵֮еûӻɵ˼ֻЩ졣
΢΢һЦûлش
˶࿴˼֮ȴ̲ס֮ͫУѸٸֳһĨ֮ɫ㣬ͻƷˣ
򵥵һ仰ȴף˶һ¡¡죬ֱԼ
ʲô
ףͻƷˣôܣ
ֹΧ֮ˣߵˣҲһɴ۾ţ־ϲ
Ȼ澪ɵˣٿվ룬һϮƮ鵭ϯӣʦס
ʦ֣ͻƷôܣ
ǲǺһ𣿡
û˵ӣôͻƵ֮ģ᲻ǿˣֻʦǧѵһĲţ컯棿
Ҳ޹ֺǾȡ
ѨǿߣɵǵֹǿߣǵҺ
νҺ֮˵Ϊ֮ϾһҪĸĽ׶ΣֱҺҺԪԪɾ
֮鵤ʵСĵȼ
ͻƷǹһʣڵһķŹʮֹ
ʮԪǿߣҲǿΧɱһͨѨʮѨǿߣԲһͨĶ֡
Ҳǧ
Ϊ߸һ
ԪǿߺѨǿߣ𣬵ֻǵλʱڵĹû١
Իٳɶ࣬Χʤ֮
Ѩǿߺͷǿߣһص뺣
ٶ࣬Ҳסһֻһ̤
ǧ½ͬܵޣǿߴ٣Ǻѳķˡ
νķڵЩǿߣǿĵرһ֮һ֮ѻ͵ġ
֮Ҫ˴ۣ棬ΪûзĶ֡
ûзţҲһ˥䣬ûȥձ̲
ԣÿһ֮ԼҪ޵ʱ򣬶ὫԼȫĹඥʽ뵽Լڣʸϣ츳һżϣͻơ
ˣһţһͬһʱֻһ
һηඥ˼꣬ȥûඥ֮󣬹ȫʧȻ绹ڣ࣬ήңҲӲʲôˣԲ֮ܳΪ
ˣ£ܿʵͻƵķʵ̫ϡ٣ˣᡣ
Ϲ֮ʱڣֲ꣬һˡļλǿඥ룬ĵرѻɣԼͻƵķ
ȻСǣǾ;ԴشܱඥΪģҲûһǼ򵥵ȫǸָţһ
ǲûгΪʣֻǱޣԲžþ޷ͻƣҪԴѻϹţǺ׾ܳΪĴڡ
˵ȷߡ
һţһԴޣͬһ֧һǼޡ
ͻȻʵǲ˼顣
ԣ˲ɷ׷׾ȣ𺳵վǰԺ㳡֮ϵǸˣЩųϣִУӹһĨļɵ޵ɱ
Ĵڣ϶вǡλǰ˴ŵĵλ϶Ҫд
ʱЩԭʹڸλˣͻȻҪ䣬°Ȩθģ
뵽Լʵǰ֮ĪЩֻĭԼ뷨ȥ
Цɱȥɱࡣ
ЩȻ񣬵Ҳûȫʧȥǣλһ֣ϣпһ
ڹϵ̸ᣬƺѴ򣬾ܣҲҪܴĴۡ
ҶɱţҲǴɡ֮ܿᣬͻƷģ˵лᣬһȾ׾
׾ǿ磬˶񼶾磬ǧѾҲûй׾ǿֹ߳ˡ
һǧǰҲ١
׾磬޵Ĵڣ˶֪ôһ磬ڣ˭޷ͻƽǸ˵еľ硣
磬׾Ϊ۷һȺˣֻܴɵĿꡣ
ңԴ磬һֵֻģҲȿеǼλҲÿһݣһ
½ģҲֻһˣҶɮ
˵Ѿʮˣﵽޣ½ϣΪ۷ķ˵׷۷壬Ѿнʱˡ
˭Ҳ֪ܲͻƣǽһλ벽Ķӹ
䲻ʧѾʮˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥǲȥĳطչͻƣĳһɽɡ
ݣܹķϵľֻоλǾǰ˴ŵԼʥʡ
ʹϻͷҲûзڵģֻа벽
˵ĻƺҪһλһλʮλǿߣ
ΨһʵԼͻƵķǿߡ
һԣһλǿߣ¥¥Ҳ죬ӵĿ⣬ס
ãȻ֣߳Ϊ˲صѣӽǵͬˣ
˵꣬һֻȥ
׼״΢Ц˹ȥ
ֻͬĴڣܱ֮Ϊѡͨӣǵ棬Ĥݶôǵơ
һ֣Ҳţ׳Լľ磬Ǻƽһ£ȫ󻩡
˶ЩԼ۾ͷ˵ģ˻ϲǡ
ĪģĪЩӣǵ³ϣǧ׷ꡱŷ硣
ףҲɲ촽µصף㡭ͻƵǸƿˣ
ԣ΢Цش𣬵ҡͷûУֻǿǸżѣҪҪʱ䣬ܳɹ

ŷһ㶣漴׹
ҡͷϣȴҲֱԼ֮ڣһĽ׷Ҳ׼Ҳ鵤Ĳˡ
ʵΣҲԳ֮ΪС磬ͷû̫ĲǷȱģֻʱĻ۶ѡ
֮Ǵͣǿϲ޲쳤Ц
뵽ʱشˣλǿڣȴֲòǿסˡ
ףȻǵѣ˵Ѿӵˡϯλһϯ֮λɱ칤ɽ³ϣһѨڵĴڣ£Ҫ̸һ֮ġ
Ȼٴεڵһ㶣漴ӦǲȻ
ǰϢ˲ʲô˴£ǿ߲Ÿϵ
ڣȻ׿Ѿ鵤Σǣɱ칤ɽӥϵ£ûưոݡ
ȻѨʱ϶Ҫֱץڣû˸ˣҪѯԼԸʲô״̬
ҺԣҲҪܶ࣬˭ĸﶨĲͷˣһ¶ѡ
λȫһˡ
ãȻҪһ֮
ҲŤ󣬵صͷֱӦе
ߣ
˶һۣȻȫˣȥ칤ɽԺһߴĹŵȥٿӰ
Ȼǿߵ飬ûйϵʣµûʸͲ۵ģֻһԶ
ܽΣûʲôˡ

һߣѹ̲ס۷׷ס
һԺҪﵽͷˣΪڵһ
ֻˡֻǲ֪ǲҲǱඥ䣿ǣǵûʲôˣΪɷԭضλֻǣ˵εͲӦòǣѵԼͻƣ̫ˡ
˲²硣Ȼ˭Ҳ֪ϢֻäĿϹ£ˣҲûȥԭؾȴ
Ϊ֪һһֻɻģʱǾ֪ˡ
һʱ䣬ҩѽ⣬ظС룬ձǰǽ⿪ȡ߷Ⲽ
漴˼æϵСǰ־һʱ䣬ŷҲιһ鵤ѽָ۾⣬ˡ
ڴʱৡһԭػӰһȥ׻ˣˡ
ԭĳŮˣ¥¥ѩʱ硱ûлһֱȥˣȻѾٻˡ
ԼˣҲʱ֪ǵǴŽ¡
º칤ɽǲǻᱨĬ
һʱжûеס


320 Σ
Ȼǣ˽Ҳû뵽⣬Բܲǡ
Ȼ߹֮ȴûֱӸǽֻ΢΢һЦڵûˣǷģ£ԺûκһһĹϵˡ
Ŷ
⻰ɻ漴ֲɴϲ
ҲɵӣȻҲ֪ô飬Ҫ׻ĴһС
ֻײûиǣԼĳŵã󷨵Ӵ£Ρ
ֻǵģûиǣԴˣȻǼΪм
ĵ룬˵˽գҪɱڴ˴
֮䣬ϵҲٺгսʮа˾ŵ飬Ȼޱȵҡ
ҲͻƷһĹϵ
ûͻƷ칤ɽĨɱ飬϶ҪڳƤͻȻͻƷȫһˡ
λλǣʹǰǰ칤ɽҲҪԵ³
ҺԣôΧۣµĶԴһ۱֪칤ɽ޷ѹˣҲռסȻֻưոݡ
ѾҲûʣ֪Ը֪Ȼ˵
ԸԼҲûáֻܽм֮ģУȥһһл
Ȼ칤ɽӣԾһ޵۹Լ˵ɨȥ̾һڵ߰ɣȻפ˵
á
֪ʱʵڲµʱصҲЩԣ˶ûзԡ
漴ڳŷĴ£һаˣŴӣںȸһͷڷ򣬽һ䰵
ӣȻ棬ֻˡ
ڵӣ˳֮칤ɽҲæŴɨ棬кɿǲϲ㱨棬ԾζҲ֮ɢȥ
ǣ֣ȴԷһٶȣӿ
һʮڣ㶼֪һλµķʵ
λȻ֮ǰ˵˷ϵΪġףߺ֮һ
£Ǿ͸䶯ˣǡ󡱡סߺ칤ɽҡλȵϢĵòֺ
ֻһУѾصڵȻ֪֪Ҳʲô顣
ΪԷ֮ǿԤˣûʲôֵúۡ

֮ڳŷĴ£ٴ֣йһ
ΣͲͨл֮񣬶Ÿִ߲еĹľˡ
ʹǱص֮ˣǧ׷ꡱŷҲ⡣
óλãףڴ
ҲǺʵ顣
ΪͻƷʱֻ鵤Ҳ̳ˣһ
ң׳ݲۣڵݣҲǶӣԸ̫ϳһˡ
ԣڳϣ帱ŷˣҪ
ϵĲ࣬Խ
Һã׶Щ񶼲ںǰݵһʱ㼴ֹסǣֹǼȥ
һЦºͣǻ˵˵ɡ
ȷ̫ںЩȻŷִҪУҲǰִ̫֣գҲֻݵһ룬˽ᡣ
ٴ֮ĿתһȦسŷϣ˵֪кܶʣ򵥸ǽһ°ɣ飬;ʡ
ǡ
ŷϲ漴ֹһ񣬿ڵ֪سϴ˴ǰΪ£Ƿڣڴ˵һ񣿻иأҪɣ
ղѾҽܣȻԸµԼƣ˸ʵְֻѡһϵλá
ֻƺϡɡ
Ȼ˲˾ֱֻ֮ǳŷִⲻӦҲֻ
ŷʻ׿˵ҽΪϣǽӵǰսڣ顣
սϵʱ̫ˣҺķѵȻĥ˵ЧʧҲ̫󡣼ʹУҲҪϻѪ⺣Ͽ֮⡣
ͬ죬˶֪ж֪ԭ˵ǡ
󷨵ʵ󷽣ҲвڼĴڣ󷨵ǣԣ׵ĵء
û˵ʵȷѩѵָɣǰȨ棬ӹߵһսȨġ
ݣλҲԲκ֮顣
ϲԼԸûǰȥսֱܲǣûܹæĵطԵһսΪս߳
ˣǡ£˼ˡ
Ļ󣬳ŷЩɥ漴۾سϣѾ㣬ϰڣսߵˣ
Ҳѹȡ
ǧһֱһȶľ棬֮ǰΪոմսϣʵֻ֯߹ء
ʵȴֲԸⷴˣΪ˼ӴʧԼ
ټΣѹָд㣬Ĳ룬һֱ֮֮ҲΪһں󱲵ӵս
ֻڣֵʱ̫ˣðڸ߲㶼е˲ãʲôõڷ
ԣڸ߲㣬ڻഫѸ֮󣬶һ㣬ڽ֮ڣս֯һδķ
ʱҪе⴦ս𣬳׹Ĵ󷽡ԣͻƷΪʹߣǰ顣
֮ǰ֪ĳŷˣھȻѾʼϣҪһķսȻֵ˷ܡ
޵磬ѵһĴ£ҲֻܰѰš֯һ޿ƥеľ
׵˵ͷҡͷȷ뷨ûڻ죬Ϊ֪Ϊ˱
ԣҵĵһĿ꣬ǲ飬ŪԴͷȻԴ£һٽս
ˣĴսһʱ䡣ȻҲ̫ãһ֮ڣˣΣұ׼һ£󷽵顣
سϣҪΣ鲼󷽣򲻿ɰ
󷽣˵ͨ壬ڶв٣ѾͻƷУҲǾһΣհ
ŵϣһ䣬롣ôȥأ
ǲһ֧Сӣȥִش󷽣ʩΣ
Ǻǡ
ԣһЦȴֱֹ飬ڵѶϲٶ˵ˡ
˵ǺһЦ˵ңҲľˣҲԸⵣһɱ칤ɽ³һµΣǾͲöˡ

Ŵԣ˶֪Ϊʲô¥¥ô˵顣
ԭ̣ӦҪȥ޴󷽲̽飬ǿ帹أǿҲΣա
ȴԥӦ£ʹ칤ɽҲòˡ
Ϊ棬ңʩѹԸԸ⣬Ҳֻͣ֡
ֻǡ
سϡ
֪׾ȻΪǣ˵۾ʱˣһҪٴװݷȥ


321 ͽ
ˡ
飬ЦЦⱾ޵ߵְҲҴҪĿꡣ
û뵽ǡ飬ҽ˳óһ˵û뵽ȻԷ˳룬ΪǵЭҲǺ¡
ɻ󲻽⣺Ǻ£
׼״ЦŽ͵ǰȥܲʲôǶԸʱܷʲô飬ڶǵ顣
ڲͬˡΪǵ£Ϊǵͷʱܲʲôйڰڡ
º󣬲ռ͸󣻶ʱ򣬷ַĹҲࡣ
ԭˣ
˲Ȼһ鱨Ϊ֮ʲôۣԷԵӦġ
ǣǱģҵһͻһֲΪΪ˴͡
º棬϶ֲбһЩͬ飬Ҫ϶˳һε顣
ֻǣȻ֪ǲⵣģǣ󷽣ǿ̶Ѩ൱ڷڵҲв٣һ֣سϣ㡭
ˣ˵ˡ
Ȱ˫üһڵ֮ڣҳ׹̷ܾҪ뿪½ǰˡ
ףͻƷΪĵһ£Ҳһ飬պûлҲ֪
͵Ϊ󾡵һɣ
ʦҪߣ
Ŵԣ˷ʱȰ֮£ٴξȵغ
£ǧ׷ꡱŷ磬Ҳһ𾪣ǣſԣȴҲ֪˵ʲô
׵˵ͷǰ죬ˣͻƷҪһؽľ
ֻľ䣬ƺ쳾һ߻ᡣ
ԣΪϣҶԣδһ¡ȻһѨ۷ǻþҲ·
ǣʧܹһΣԶʧܣǰʵڣȴ㹻ģƿϣݡ
˵һ̾ݣ̫Сˣ͵ͷһͱ뿪½ǰݡţϸǿļˣ֮һĻᡣ
ˣ٩٩̸ף۾Ҳð˹⡣·ϣɢһ޾˳ԣ˷
Ȼòԭģһֱ񾳣Ǵ˵еļ޾磬׷
ˣһʱ䶼ЩѪ
ǶǿɼĴڡǵʦ֣ĿȴѳԽ뵽󼰵ľ硣
Ȼ֮䣬ˣЩ
ǰţܱʱޣܴܲﵽ룬ȥƴһ˵׷
ˣȻȥȰˣףףսҲֻǵеһ
ΪΣգԸȥ
ûʲôΣգûʲôȤˡ
׺ȻתͷͷһۣЦԣҲҪŬΪһ֮սΪ˽Ҳܴƿϣݡ
һǣ
á
ˣȻӿ̲סӦͬʱ۾Ҳų⡣
սϣ硭
һˣӦӵеǣһʦʧ
ܲܳɣΪһⳡǰδУǧһεսУ̵㹻ĺôҲҪŬʦֵ
ǵͷЦЦȻվһǣһֱͷһԵСǰ΢Цڵ
㣬Ըͽܣ
ţ
ͻһ仰ûͷûԣȴңȻһͬһ㡣
ʲôҪͽҶһˣ
Ϊʲô
˶̧ͷֵףֿС࣬󲿷ˣȻ֪ȴʲô²⣬һ

С࣬ҲЩֲæ̧ͷ׵۾ּæͷȥ½ǣЩ֪롣
Ȼֻһ鷲ˣ޵һ֪Ϊϣĸ磬޵ߡ
ףһλǿߣжߣΪжǿ
ˣһҪͽȫ¶Ҫˣ֪Ŷӣ
ͻȻһλվǰºͿǲҪͽܣ
⣬µ´ڱ𣿡
һֱΪԼû츳ҲѶԴʧС࣬ԼĶ䣬һ̧ͷףƺ۾Уʲô
ΪСĸ磬ȴǴϲһλǿߣҪԼΪͽΪʲôǴϲ£Ҳ֮մ⡣
ǶԷλ̫ߣ̫أͻ˶ԷԷϲͷ¶Ҫ̲ס󺰴Уߴðʦˡ
ȺУ£ǧ׷ꡱŷ磬ȴ𾪣ǽæվɰسϣԷһ鷲ˣû츳
ңسҪͽֻҪһ˵һʮ˸һٸһǧҲΪسαغνԶ
ţ
ײõؿһۣαԶ˾ǰ󣬻ǧ֮Զβգ
˵ҵ˽£Ը˭˭֪ȫ츳вԹ𣿡
⡭
ŷһˣͰͣ˵
ȻûĲԹڴ֮ǰСֶ֪˭֪ǳ˴ɱĶУôȥԹ츳
飬Щ֣˵ԣǳʼеʱ򣬻ĲԹģȷû츳ŷ
ȻΪߣôһֱһˡ
ֻǣȴ˵Ϊһǿߣ϶˵š
ѵʲôڲͬĶǣ츳ֻǵʱˣ
ǣǵҪӦ᷸˴Ŷԡңǧ䣬Ҳû˵˲ʱû츳ֻͻȻֵġ
ɣһʣҲҪһûУҲûһ˵ԣɵˣܿʼ츳ô϶һʼͲû츳
ҪΪͽû츳ϲȻƣֻǰ졣
Ը𣿡
ûŷ磬ǰŮһ֣صĿѯʵ
ңԸ⡭
ãڣС໹¸ҵ̧ͷ˫˸˸ǵӣڵ
ãããû뵽֮ǰҾȻ½һҵĵӣãã
ȻЦЦƶʯмΪ泩״ȣǴϲ
ԷԵĳŷ磬ȴ֪ѳɶ֣ԼŤתһƨƵı顣
ͽڣһдӼֻǵߵͷһʦӴˣ׵ʽˣҲΨһӣ
ǣʦ
һΣСڷӦ˹æվȻͨһ򵹣׹ͷ
ˣɡ


322 
ַһУڣȻһɫСᣬһѺ˸ĵ೤һöӵ廷ݵСǰ
ΪʦļһƷϽ׵ķһαһöƷ䡣ֻҪúﵽԪڣٶ
ǣʦ
С๧Ľӹٴΰݣվ׵ǰ
ЦŻһۣڵһͣգڣǰСšͬҲǽһЩ⡣
ʲôƽ֮֮ǰңһᾡ֮һǰģգδڴ֮ڣСͽչˡ
ǡ
ԣ˴ϲæӦչС࣬ǱǷ֮£öԡ
ңչС࣬Ժ󣬳Ϊ˵С࣬ǲǻᷴˣǻ˵ء

״С뿪ˣˣҲ뿪ңУһݾסһ
Ʋֵľŷ糤ϣˣ˵ġ
ؾۣҪǣŴʦ־Ȼͻ˷СΪͽټͻѨֱϲţ벻˶ѡ
ʱ䣬û£ȥѯһЩе⣬Ҳָ㣬ˣΪɿ졣
С࣬ײȻȥȥˡ
Ȼ֪ҪôţȻͨķ
ȻһͨˣҪ޵ţ治һ׵顣
ɻʵĻдºҲѯʹ飬ĿУҲ֪ԭСС࣬ͫ
֮ȥΪһλ·ſڵİˣͫ˫ͫҪ࣬˵꣬ʮ֮ǰñãֶ
ǣԵ
ԣȡһСͨͨ֡
ڣΪһλǿߵͽܣһֶȻȥң˵λ˵ĻԵ
֮ǰС֮ʱͻָԭС֮ǸΪͫ
ԴˣҲ̾ǶԼеĲ²⣬Ȼ֡ײǿСʣһ˫ڲͬɫ˫ͫɡ
˫ͫȷͬΣҲоء
ңҪǣ칤ɽǰԺУС˱ץ߿ֵҪвȴĪȼյϻյһɶ˾Ϊ˫ͫ϶ʮֲ
ֻǣǼʶޣҲף˫ͫʲôҲûиǽ˵˼
գҲֻв֮
ʱһζ˵ĵûз칤ɽıûڶ
ȻͻƷڵʩѹ칤ɽˡ
ʹһ³ϣ޵ܴ裬£ǡ
ңλ׸ǸðգΣգԸģ̽Դͷ˴ţûһôɡ
磬ϧԶ񣬲ôôġ
һһ̫Ҫˣ˭Ҳգԣ׵ĳ֣һ⡣
ԣܸʲģ칤ɽˣû׷£ֻһλ칤ɽֲµ³ϡ
ֻе룬ǲǾʹ˽ÿԺ̬ˡ
Դˣ˶û̫ϣΪҲã뵽˵սҲûǸ˼һֱЩ翵ϣĿǰиҪ飬ȴȥ
Ǿʵ׼ӦһĴս
֮Уһ顣
ΪͫĹϵ֪飬ձѩûн״һӣֱ׼˽󣬶ȫΪڵӡ
ͻѨԶΪӡ
飬ֻһֱûᡣңҲҪϱŸ߲׼û뵽ΪͫĹϵǱüˡ
˭ǿǷǿߣԭϯʦ֣ڵϡ
Ȼƴ˸̫ϳЩʵְȻû˸Сĵλ󣬾һ֮£֮ϡ
׼˼ڣԣС飬û˻ʹ˷
ͬʱµͫΪϣͫȻҲΪӡ
ֻΪϵͣҪӵײĿǰһͨڵӣǣأûһ˻ͨڵӿ
ʦҲֻһˣδͽ
ţ׵Ľ̵Ϊһͻͽѩձˣֻ¡
ԣڵڵݣһɶѡ
ҺΪϣֻ˵ʦã׻Ǵʦ֣ͻȻ˵ʦֶǾЩÿˡ
Դˣ˶ûзϣһЦ֮

ȥڣһ磬׻뿪ˡ
ʧͫҲ³ǰ
˶һǣȥʱ䣬ȴƱȫһˣɢŵƣɢ
㣡
Լеľ˶Ǵ󻩡
Ȼ֪ΪʦͫΪñضٵþˣǣҲûôİɣ
࣬£ŵ飬ֻ죬ʹﵽ㣬⻹ñô
ٶȣԪѨͺͳԷˮһ򵥣ôˣ
һ츳ͨͨˣȻһգ֮䣬ɱǸˡ
Լĸ磬鿴Ҳֶʡ
ϧûǸ츳׿УΪͽˣҲûʸ
ȥˣҲʱ򣬽żһѨ֮Եˡ
㹻ɹձˣǳųŷױ飬ǰżͻơ
ˮҲǣȻԶһãѾһķˮ壬ʱڣҲˡ
ȻձͻƣʵãԺͻƳɹջɡ
⣬ΪΪӣҲһͨˣҲɹ˳ŷдױ飬ʮɹȵձһһ֮󣬾ֵ롣
һΣͻѨǰͻƷںûһ۵ˣˡ
ųŷױǣһ׽żһñȽϺõѨȽͻƳɹ
ѩͫˣУձ飬ˣһ
ȡҲ̵ʱڣͫͻƻԪѩͻư벽Ѩ
ѩҲͻư벽Ѩһ˽ҪżµʮɹһЩˡ
ԣʱ䣬ԼҲҪߣȥǰѪǰ߿һսʲôӣΪһսս׼
ͬʱҲٻһЩɹƽȱڣΪѩܱżͻ裬Լħ۵;
ͬʱѨЩ̲ݻҲɲиΪҪɹǿԼǿԼʵ
Ʃ磬ƷƷƷϡ䣬ȡ
ǰĵЩʱˣƷ̫͡ԣ󲿷Ҫ¹򣬸
ձͻƣˣʧܣҪ½룬һɹ֧֣ȱڸࡣ
ˣǰΪٵɹڲŷ֣˲һãֱһ޵׶
ˣɵиץһʱ䣬ս֮ǰǿԼ˵ʵ
ˣսУסʦֵĽŲ


323 Ѫǰ
Ѫǰ߲ûôȥûһսȡù߽ʸ񣬷ǽȥġ
Ҳǰڣӵһַʽ
ֻǣȻ취͵͵롣ʸֻԴڵӣ߼츳ĺӣɢ޻ˡ
ԣֻҪٰһɢޣҵӣ㹻ˡ
˼ͨδǵɫ뿪ڣ֮ȥ
Ȼᣬձ˻ûֹ
˵ûɹ㣬֮Ҫʲô£š
Ҫս֮ǰŬĽԼ㹻ʵҪץÿһÿһ롣
ΪǷȻ˵ܾĻ

ǣʰ飬һ·򱱣ٶУ˾ͷ·һɫĻӰ
ʱѾһͨͨҵģ׺ΪҲѹƵ˰벽ѨңԷһ
֮ͿѪǰΧſѪζҲɱЩࡣ
ѪǰߣȻʲôõط
ɱҪΣնˣʱأڽмҵսһãͻϮڷ
ʱѾͻѨоͨѨҲһսո˵Ҳû˿ԥѡһƧĵطֱӳѪǰ֮С
֮ϣʼ˻޵ʬ塣
Щʬ壬ѾҧòģЩʬ壬ᱻΪЩȴ͵¶˭Ҳܡ
ԽǰѪʬԽ࣬ïܣѽһƬɪ
Ҷƣ֦ͷƮ䣬Щɽ֮ϣһƬѩһȥ׻׺Ƭ硣
ûԥֱǰ·һЩ۵ޣ͵𣬲ռ봢䣬Ҳջ˲ɹ
ʱһһȥżҲ󲿶󲿶ӵļսûв룬Ŀһ֮󣬾ʹƹǰС
һϮͨɫװҲûбϵãټܿ˶һֱҲû֪ǻװǱ룬Ѫǰԭսʿ
˲ң˲پž޵ĸڵӣɹϵĶûǴ棬Ķɹ
ʮ֮
һƬѪɫϿȣŴ˵ΪѪϿȡһӵǿ̾յأ棬Խ롣
Ȼеͨ쳹弱ͷһʶǿ޾ڸ
𡫡
ܵϢһֻëˮľ޴ܣ̤̤һӴ߳һ˫ɺѪ۾֮
޿ɱܣܿ죬һսʼ
ɲӴˣֱײһײʹʱʵҲǶϽֻۣòܡ
еķὣȻƤëƬ˺ۡ
һͷó͵ıܣ
еһͷۣ޻ð죬ɱɱӴޱȵħޣѲ
Ҳη壬ԷὣϷһⱩɱȥսѷѽ⡣
һͷ̽мıܣ൱һѨǿߣƤצڵֵ֮ˡ
ȱɹָպһͷ䵥ħܣɲԸŹͷħʿɿڵ࣬ҲǾҪ֮Ķ
𣬺𡭡
ɽֱħǾ޴ײȴһƬһƬĴײ֦ҶϣǽһƬ
ȴܣôﵽ弶ٶȵƷܿܵĹ·ߣȻ󲻶СɵĽԷٶȣơ
ϧǣͷ̽мıܣƺԶ֪ƣʮɽһ޶٣ǻʢ
״Ҳˡ
գ΢΢һ˿ԪѪƴǡͬʱУὣһϹ⣬

֮£ͷﵽ̽мıܣֲ֧סͷβһΪѪһء
ҾٵĽϵĸֲʰһ뿪

ֹ졣
һƬߵѩԭ֮УѾȫתΪϺ˷ңƬƬѩϴ£һƬס
Ȼѩдɱǰкƺ˲Զ
ͷһæһչΣ˻Ϊһ̣սƮȥһһѩСɽ֮ϡ
Сɽ֮ϣһ޴ɫʯ֮󣬶̽ͷȥĳɽȥ
ֻһȺ࣬ʮֻƽ׺ڣ̽׳ڵս·磬˱ɱ֮ϣһƬʬ壬Ѫ졣
Ҳ̶á


324 糵
ʹǼǿ߽Ȼס࣬ʵǿգۼ䣬ǿ߱ɱڵأʬ¡
ĴһȹŮ԰ףˣ۾мǾغʦ֣ǲǻزȥˣ
һִ걳Զͷƽ׺޵ΧϹһ⡣
꣬ҲһѪֱ֮ϸǱ֪ʲôޣץ޴ѪۣѪϵȻȴûʱһ¡
ȻŮĻȻҲǲɫ԰ףȴǺԥŤͷصʦã£ʦڣᱣġ
ǡ
λʦá˵ڴʱһͷɫľǣͷһ˲䣬Ȼϡ
ۣ
ѪɽԽѣΪһִأѾģ

ʦáȫûϵͻȻЩұ䣬̲ס۾һڣֱֱ˵ϣ²֪
ͷΧǵޣʱ볯ҧ
ڴʱһɫӰ·һԶСɽ֮һԾ£ڰգеĳ޶˳ʣһҫ۵ɫ硣
ɫгΧĻƽ޲֮һȦջأֳһ嵭꽣
ۡ
ǼͷƽޣһӲԭأ¶˼֮ɫԴӼ֮Ϲ䣬Ѫһء
긩ŮǶ̽һ£ȷֻΪȾŶԣҡҡͷַսȦ
ۣۣۣ
սʣѨޣὣܷӵѾˣֱʹ˰Ʒපצ
һ˫˫Ƭצ·ħ֣֮һֻֻѨޱǰץޱȡ
գ֮䣬ΧȺСӵЩѨޣȫɱһա
ûоɱЩѨ޺ʣµĻƽδֱһԶȥ
ԭأʣһȺɵɵĻԪǿߣʬ巢

˾ִ󺰣ĹֶΣǵñ޸¡
Ȼȴһ׺һһһڽе˵˵ʲôʲôǶˡûѾȫˡ
⡭
һҲӦȻ˿˿⣬ȻȴվǶ˸м
ٰ֣ʣ¼ͷ©֮ĻƽɱпգһݵʰͬʬʱŸоĳ֣жôʱ
˽ӲأһӲȥ
ĳ֣ǸмҲû˺ˡ
ȻΪ֪ľԼ·ҲûʲôصΣЩҲֱ𲻳
ǣЩˣֵķһصĴºţ𡱡
죬ħ֮⡣
ָǶơ
뿪˵֮Ƕһλûֻ֣֣겻
֪뿪󣬱˾Ȼһ֡
Ҳ֪Ѫǰֵ߳ʱԽ࣬żһγපצ˿ʣһ磬ԽԽ㡣
սصĻ£֣Ȼ˲С

գ֮䣬һΣֹȥʱˡ
һ·ߣҲûоĿֻ꣬Ҫ䵥ޣͳֻɱջɹҲࡣ
żһƷ׵ݣҲᱻֲժ£Ҳһջ
ΣգҲ־һ£ʱԼҲΣգ췣֮ɱ
̫ǿȺӳޣƹӴ
ʱ÷ɿ죬ڣҲԽԽ䣬ķ紵һƬ˪
ʵǿһУֲϷʳǰȸݣʵɿ죬ѾﵽѨжˡ
ٶȣȫʳ꣬ٿԽѨ׺ΣѨ۷岻Զ
Ǳˣʱ䣬ɾԲ̣ϧӵȸݣֱӽѨ۷ݡ
֮ǰһЩձѩãټԼͻѨ֮ǰΪ벽ѨַһЩߵøԶ
ˣҲ㹻ˡ
һУߣɱǿޣչأ׹ԼѨΪҸǴﵽѨжΣʵ
ɱޣҲףɣȴһֱûʲôֵԼǰһޣҲɵЩɥ
һգǰһƬïܵĴ֣ȻǰһȻһƬѩսѪǰ֮أȻһڴɽ֮УССɫС
ɫС֮ǰһ޴ľʷ糵ת졣糵֮£һ˸ߵɫʯʯϣ߲ݺĴ֣糵򡣡ȻЩͷˡ
Ȼ۾ӵС򣿡
ź棬ǲţ˽ȥ


325 º
СʮأһУ͸о˲ͬ
һԴߵս𲨼ƽ֣˶ǽẓ́Сڽֵϱıȫ֪ߵն
ϸҲˣ糵򣬲򵥡
һԼεˮιĻУɳ룬ޣħޣޣᱻƣֱӻɱ
һǣһѶʶѻɽȻһ㡣ȺУ˲˺ۣߡ
ԱߣҲгָ׵ʿѲߣػԷһ
Ϊǲ㣬ԣҩ̣꣬꣬ӦоУȸСȫһµʱ䣬ҲЩˣ״ɴϲ
ڿԣһˣǿߣ￪һ㡣
ѪǰߣʮնޱȣûЩ㣬㡣
ȻСѪǰߣֹһҲֻǵһμѡ
ǰУ׼Ҹ¥ջúóԵ㶫ЪϢһ£ߵ¥¥ݴȻ۾һ͸Ĵ飬¥һǴ
һ಼ˣ糵
ֽʵķ糵ľʵķ糵þСɣСʮϲǹ
಼꣬Ҳһֱ΢Ц˭᲻ͷһЩСǮģһЩ߸ɴóһС͡
һֻۣһͨˣǣѾͫ˵Σĵز
ټں˾ӡ۾䣬Ķȴȳ˶öࡣ
ˣڽֽǣһ΢ЦԹƺһͨ˰ŷ糵СˣȻһΪǳѨǿߡ
٣ĸоУ˵Ϊ˿Լ֮£ңй֮ٴﵽѨڣǺڡ
Ѩڣ
òˣһǿߣӦӦûûţȴû˵ˣҡ
Ȼתͷǰ
ֵͷȻܹɷĺСҪʱ۾һ಼ķ糵
С˹ֱţ⼸ƶũСƿȻ־ȥá
಼Ҳŭɼᣬ۾һƽֻЦţ߹ȥǼڵصƶСϵĻҳһһͭǮЦȥɡ
Ǽӻţ뿪ˡǼСҲķ糵ȫ꣬ϲֱ̤ϼţȻһǮûզզȥˡ
һĻ಼վ΢΢ЦЦû˵ʲôȻҲ̧⴦¥֮
״æջͷͷ֡
˵Ѩǿ߲Ǯǿ϶ģЩʹõͭǮǿ϶С
ǣ裬ΪһǿѨǿߣȻһҲһֱЦеı飬ˡ
˵˭
಼¥һٽֵӱˣҪһƲˣ漴
ϣʱ¥ֻʣԱ߻һľҲ߹ȥҪһƲˣ˵Ŀ⣬йƬ̵ӡ
Ȼ಼΢΢һЦ
һ漴Ҳɵö¶һЦݡ

ʱ÷ɿ졣
תۼ䣬뿪ǣѪǰ߷ΧѾȥҵʱˡ
µʱ䣬ߣûй̶Ŀ꣬Σѵ˾Ͱһ䵥޾ͻɱҲ˲Сɹ
뵽ձˣֻѾֱһαż֪ǳɹûС
ңѺѵԼԼİ֮ڣҲҪˣΣҲʱ򣬻ȥһˡ
⣬ڳѩͫˣ֪Ϊָʲôˣ
ǰ󷽣ԴͷġףǲѾƽԭ
ֻ֪ǣףʱڣѪǰߵѾս֮ײпңҲܵսĲпᣬģǻȥõԼΪڽսУԼһ
ǣһ죬ʰԼһж뿪Ѫǰߣʼǵķ۷ء
֮»صУصڣȺձˡ
֮ȴеʧķ֣һûгɹȫʧܡ
ҲǣѨûôͻƵģȻʮɹżȴһܳɹ
Ҳһ٣˶ҵĿ꣬һָоٽһΣһܳɹ
ʱڣֻʮɹԹ˽룬ԣˬֱӰԼ׬ɹ󲿷ݷָǣһΡ
׼ȻȥһΣȥǸ˵ȥȥ߼Ǿ͵ձҲͻѨ˵
ûͻƣҲкϢ
Ǿǣ̶̼µʱ䣬ͫȻΪһ·ǣʱѾﵽ˻Ԫڡ
ѩҲͻƵ˻Ԫ۷壬벽ѨԽżֻһ֮ңȻҲˡ
ףûлȻʮΣգûôɵġ
Դˣ˳Ҳûʲôõİ취ֻܵȴĻع飬ˡ


326 С
һˣص
˶ҪٽһαżһмļʣͻѨԻҪµʱ䡣
ѩͫҲʡܣԼȥһɹҲܴչżĻᡣ
ԣȻЩᣬգ˻ظˣԼ»ഫ֮뿪ǡ
·ۣºصפء
صפ֮Ҳûȥȥһ
ɹͻѨѨƷѨȻܸߣҲˡ
Ҫ¼ȻΪӣȡԼһȨ档
ѨͻԪȻȫͬľ磬ڵĵλҲȫһġ
ִ𾪺͹ϲĿУܿ˲ԣȷԼѨΪ
ܿ죬ִһ˿İɫۣһŶӵɫƣ
Դ֮ʽԭڵӵݣΪʮλ֮һǰʮ塣
ڵλ֮ǡ
ͬʱΪɹͻѨԭӵ̸Ƿʸ񣬱˳ʽ飬
ֻΪϾˣټϲһӣȻͻѨӵʸ񣬵ǣȨȣδȥμӡ
ʱֻɸӣѸ´һѡ
Դˣ֪Ҳûжƣʧɫ
ףȻȫȨȨһ֮Уʵ̫ˣû˿
ΪȻ׷ȻȲɳЩƳϣϯϡٽɱȨȣ֮
ԣʹ˲ԭһǣɲȡӦеȨ档
ȻΪļѨڣѨ֮󣬿϶ͲԵˣӵһƱȨ
ֻǣЩҲ̫Ȥԣڱ˵ӣͦĵģʡ鷳û̫ע

פصĵ죬ڼƹضġ൶Ѻѣ޻ڡѩ÷һ⡱ǧǧʫ˪ˡ
ıչأͻƣ˵ΪҲ˴ȵ
൶ѺѽѨڣʫ˪ѨںΣ޻ڡѩ÷Ѩ۷壬һ⡱ǧΪѨںΡ
ΪҪġ
ҪģڵصĹѨ֮УõĺôʱתĻΪʵ
񡰳൶Ѻѣ£Ƹˣһۿȥ·ʱһ֣ͷ֮תϢɲš
ǧʫ˪ߺȻһֻɫ
ģȻ֮ǰѪӵ֮ϣײŷɵ˵ֻϡޣڤѪ
ȻڣԻܴﵽ̬ҲٿһѨǿߡ
ڡǧʫ˪һ˱ӵѨսټϡڤѪʱϽģտܳɳѨڣ۷壬
ȻĽޱȡ
ˣˣʵͬԵơ
޻ڡѩ÷ĵƷ½ӰѾĵز
Ҳ˵˲һһǱ֮һսսУǺõһ
һ⡱ǧΪСһΪõģֻһ
ǣļӳɣѪ֮񣬱ܷӳսҲٱһ
˶Ϊǣʵټϣǻϵ⼸Ҳ־ɫĶӣټϴǹ
һӵ˰ѨսһεĽ׸߼񣬸ˡ
ҲûԥԼԭСӣ󣬡൶ѺѰ˼˽ȥ
֧ʱСӣΪΪɫһȡͽСսӡ
һˣټһͷѨ裬ڤѪǰѨս
У൶Ѻѣǧʫ˪޻ڡѩ÷һ⡱ǧ֮⣬ȻСУϤ֡
һǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ȸᵶԪ˼
Ȼǣ
һ£ˡ
һǧ˿Ӧѩ鵹Ҳˣ֪ΪͻѨΪҪ߼Ӧ֧СӲ֡
ǣȸᵶԪ˼Ǹٻӣ
ȻҲͻѨˣʲôʱ£ңΪʲôԼһҲš
Ҫǣγ£ȴÿζشֻͷһֱһʣȴò
ΣȻʮִɵģԼ˵֧СӡУⲻɵò˶両档
ˣʵ̫ˣֻ¿϶ĳֲΪ֪ܡֻûôˡ
֪Ԫ˼죬Ȼ֣ˣԭɲʶȸᵶԪ˼
ֻڴ󣬴Զ˵ԼͻѨҪ롣
൶Ѻѵ˵̽ΪȷʵͻƵѨȻֻѨڳΣôҲһѨһҲһսСûޣҲͺԥشӦ
Ȼ֪ʱɹ
˾룬Ӧѩ飬Ԫ˼ûлʱֻҪǳһɣȻȥ
ǣûеȴֱӳ¥ķȥ
һߣһߡ൶ѺЦϲСֵܣͻѨΪСԱ֮һҾ˵һɹġ
ô̵ʱ䣬ͻƵѨжΣʵҵ찡ϲϲ
ЦЦû˵ʲô
൶ѺѼ״Ҳû˵ֱӵ
ȻѾ룬ôͳɣǰ¥ȡǵǸɫȻ뵺
ã߰ɣ
Ȼûʲô漴һ¥ȥ


327 ׸߼
¥ڣˣһ۾Ϳһ߸ڰףҲΨһһɫ
Ʒɫǣ
ݣƷʽƴۣɱѪĴϵޣһͷ۷ߡ
Ŀ꣺ߵĻۣȡؽ¥
ɽ˻ɱһԻʮɹӻɱСÿ˽ɹ
Ʒʮһ鵤ת
ʱޣһڡ
ɣ
һۣΪ׵Ķӳ൶Ѻѱ㿪˵
ˣ֮ҲԵͷʾͬ⣬ΪͬҲûá
¥ĿǰΨһһɫ񣬵ȴһɫķ֪Ҫá
ɫҲûôɣ¥ֵɫҪôЩΪ߼ȥĶСߣҪôųϣִǿִС
ͨӣ
˶֮ͬ󣬡൶ѺҲûжԥֱһ֣ˢС
Ȼʮֲ򵥣ǣҲýܣΪҪ߼ΨһĻᣬҲǱ봳һؿ
󣬼һͬǰ׵һЩԼҪƷҩƷԼ֮һ
󣬼˷ֿ

ֿ֮ȴûصԼСʯݣȥһִ£ȡһݸԼİƷ
ÿһӵĴڣлõһŹƷѡ
ֲû󣬱ֻ
ӺһڣֻҪеİƷѡһﶼбݡ
ԥѡһƷĲѧӰ
֮ԲѡΪĿǰ˾ӡ߽׻üƷපצԼܳԽƷϽͼž
ķ棬аƷĴ
棬ʮʱ򣬿ûлᣬ֧һɹСŪ֡
ĿǰĶ̰壬ˡ
ǰǿΪİθߣǲƷ׵ӣҲʱˡ
ʱ򣬸һµˡ
УİƷӰ
ȻУҲİƷƩƩƻõãƩʫ˪Ľ񶷵ĸ߼ɣǧˮȵȡ
ǣûһţϾѧӰ
Ϊ׷ʵǿӣȻŹеô֣ѧ˶ˣǺԥѡ
ңӰӰԿԼѧĻüϣʱ򷢻ӳԶͨƷļֵ
ԣѡһźڣʥһģһ
ŵصԼСʯݣչϸϸĦоӰܡ

ʱ䣬һζ
һ죬Ѿ˾ۺϣ׼ӡ
פͷٻᣬ൶Ѻѵȴķ֣ʱһϣȻƺٴηֵľ䡣
ʣø嵭һЩƮһЩһȥƺվˣȻģ·һӰĿԴд͸ȥͬﲢδվˡ
ϸһȴʵڣС
⣿
˶Щȣ뵽ոͻѨӣлһŰƷĻᣬʵ϶һʵķԾҲֵ̫¡
ֻǣ˶̵ʱڣͽѡŵţ˲͵ľ磬ԸеЩԾѡ
߰ɣ
˶ûϸģֱСۣٴγмѪʻȥ
һοѪҲһЩ̾
뿪ʱԼֻһͨĻԪڵӣԼȴȻһѨжζӡ
ʱȻֻж̶̵ļ£ȴܲ˸̾µ档
һΣȥģȲײѪӵҲβĳߵȻṳ̂ѪУΣյһ
ǴеĿ꣬ͷ۷ߣ⵺롣
СӵԱԪ˼Ӧѩ飬ҲյϢȴǡ
Ȼ۵ǰ֮һִ˾Ѳһǿܳ˵֮һһǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
ԭһװ磬һʵĺɫۣ䣬ʹǧȥҲƺδ
ϻҲۣྻմһ˿ۻֻ࣬ǣϻеıȴñԭ˺ܶ࣬ƺѾ׳⡣
˵ʱȥˣӣƺδ
ýǣûˣֵһؽ
û֪Կ϶ǣ˵ýˣ϶Ǳ˵ɵһΪ콣ĶŽǵУ
ʦ𣬡콣ˡԭ棬ڣϣͻƷļ֮һλ콣һΪɲ⡣
ˣеĵӣ
ԣ˵ý϶Ц
ôֻУ֮һֱΪĿǰΪֹûԵһνĵزˡ
ôʵ׵ĸ磬ⲻɵ˻ɣԾˡ
ˡһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ԱߣҲһɣĿǰûֱ֤ݣҲֻʱѹ£ɵһӡ
ٻ壬ѨȸᵶԪ˼
һϮͨװͷ֮ۡȻȴΪע
עӦѩ飬ӹע
ΪܵвΣա


328 
ȻǼƽЩʱ򣬸οҲûʲôֱӵ֤ݡ
ˣʱҲֻһһɫǵ˵ˡ
¶ʲôʱٽ١
ɣ
Ŀɨ´ˣĿصתһȦ漴ջأһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ص
ֻǽʱ䲻ΪȻѾͻѨڣѨжΣֱ˾
ˣҲδ࿴һۣȻʹԭ˶Ǹ߸ϵĶӣǣΪɫһ˺ɣֻһӣҲ˺
ˣͲϤҲɢȥȻҲûʲôö˵ġ
ã
൶ѺѵˣҲΪ⣬ֱӵͷӦ
һ飬̬ȶһ㣬ĮһЩҲûʲôֻҪͺá
ңԷ츳ȷ佾ıǮʹЩӣҲò
ӦѩĴڶԷֻڵʱ˾ţǿɱԪ˼ˡ
ڣΪֱ׷Сеĵһˣ൶ѺѣԽԭλƶӡ
üˣڵȻԷ˵ʲôʲôˡ
߰ɣ
ǧʫ˪Ҳ΢΢һЦڵ漴˶û
൶ѺѴͷӦѩм䣬βһˣټһֻѨڵڤѪ
һ볯ģһΣյĽأȥ
ߣǴеĿ꣬ߴ۷ߵľסء
۷֮ҲѨ۷壬߽ӽ벽ز
˿ֲĴڣѹּʹ֮Ҳɲҵ
֮УȻλѨڣǴ󲿷ݣֻѨڣˣֻǸսѨ
ǣԷȴѨ۷壬ʵĪ⣬ﻤڲ࣬УĪȻҲܸߴɫǡ
üˣòСġ

ϵѪԱѪӵߵϣŨһЩңһŨŨɥΧ
õһ̤˵Ԫ˼ȣЩţ䱸ʱΧֵܳ顣
Ӧѩ飬ѺѵˣҪࡣ
ϾΪߣһԱ䣬Ͳ̫ϰڽ
һǾþ飬֪ٴΣȻ¡
ֻҪûнߵķΧΧһЩ򣬼˻磬ȫǵġ
Ȼһ·ͨ裬һޣܸ֪߹ӴѪڵģϹӣȴȫԼܿĴڣȻҲȥˡ
һЩ۵ģҲ൶Ѻѣһ⡱ǧǧʫ˪޻ڡѩ÷ȣƶӣֱӳֳȥ
˷ֺ
ɭѪУҹһͨ罣ɽ֮¡
ɽʹĺںɫ濪ССĿ׶⻬͸⣬ȫ޽¡
ģҲڵӣһΪΣյĵشߡ
˵ͨ䣬߱ͲͷʮͷѨ߽ػ
棬ǵߵ۷ڣ۷ߡ
˵ȥһ㷲Ƥѷɣ޽УϵĴڣڼ
ʱɾ൱෨ǿˣֻٷ񣬾ͲɫΣյĳɫ
ңҲԲˣܿȾָĴˣֻǿǰֽܳȥ

̧ͷһǰֱĹ޷壬൶ѺɫأһָǰǴĿĵأˡ
Σ֣˵þĿܣں˵ģ˳Ҿ
˵꣬Ŀ⻺һһӹȴ˶Ǻ֮ɫ̲ס΢΢һЦڵ
ãȻ˶ᶨôǾҪͨˡ
֮ǰǲʲôìܣǴʵϤζԷŶҲֻʱɣɢһҪǣ١УΣи
û⡣
˶ûбʾԵ˼൶ѺȻҲ֪ǲһ˶Σտ϶Ǹġ
ǣ٣άֱϵĺƽ򵥵ĺѾˡ
Ͼ˶Ƕӣ϶һЩ˵ĽαˣԸͬҲǳе¡
ԣҲǿֱӿڵҶûʲôǾڴɽһҹһ磬ʼɽ߶ûУ
ûС
ȶҡҡͷ漴൶Ѻһ֣˾͸ԷֿһεĵطĿϢ׼յĴս


329 ս
һҹܿȥ
˻˼Ǻεȵ飬֮һҹȥʱ٣˶ûԥֱӳźںɽ֮ȥ
Ƭ̺󣬼˾һʮֲֿǰ
ڹ⻬羳Ȼ޳ûıڣһЩ̣ݣɢһص
˶ϳ߲ݡҲһֲĶƷеݣȻֹ˵㣬ֵ顣
˶ûзŹֱȫժ԰һ֣Ҳֵ꣬ټֵɹ
һЦȻ󣬡൶Ѻ緢һֵǰ
Ҳȵططҩͱѹεһ겻ʣˡ
˴ʵ̫ΣˣûȻ࣬űˡ
룡
ˣҲûԥڡ൶ѺѵĴ£Ŷڻȥ
һУȱеһ䣬ϢϮʮֹ졣
Ҽ˶ͨˣ䵲⣬ܼǰС
ҪСģ߿Ƕߣ˵ʲôʱһǧи
һ⡱ǧ䣬ˣȻеһ漴ڰಡ֮
ˣֻһһľ紫Ⱥ֮˶ǡ
˫ĿУĵӸ£ǿһɫӰŤţ飬ӿ
ЩӰһ˫ᣬͷһСɵɫ۾죬˸ĵĺâǶòٶĶߣɵôһѻ죡
ˣҲȫһʵȻ֪һ⡱ǧʵûʲôϵֻҪǽ붴Ѩ
ǣǧʱ̫ɺˣ˲ɵòǨŭԶŭĿӡ
״һ⡱ǧεЦЦ漴һνͷȥ
ûֱʹԼıΪǱƷ̫עĿˡ
ֻԼˣû£˶֪ҸڶԷС
ڣֶӦѩ飬Ԫ˼ˣй©ȥȻ鷳ϡ
ԣʹõԼ߳ʹõǱƷ
ˣǱޣʵҲ˼
ֻһεĽɳ⣬ӭĶߣʱһгϣˤڵأһĹ
ϣ
ȻǧҲףûϵ˵Ƕѣǻ飬ʲô£ȻҪһͬԡ
ԣܷһ˽Щࡣ
ˣ൶Ѻһ֮󣬼Ҳ׷װε齣ȥչֶΡ
൶ѺĹº쵶·ûһ֣һ飬ӹ֮׷
Щ࣬ûп㱻ճ˽̿׹ڵء
ǵƷȱպ絶ûֱʹʽⱻ˿ʹõĻԼİƷµֻǼһЩպ絶⣬ѱƥ
޻ڡѩ÷Ӱѱټһ㣬ȺһΣһȺ̶߷׷׵䣬ڷ
ͬûʹԼѾСɵĵƷ½ӰҲںһ˿Ӱ壬ԼԭİƷС
ǧʫ˪̤ǧˮһɫ߰ߣڤѪջʬ壬һ㲻ǧѩ÷٣й֮׷֮Уǿһˣ൶Ѻѡ
Ͼ൱ѨĴһ֣ͬȻͬ졣
һĻӦѩ飬Ԫ˼ȻҲԸɿţҲһ֡
ͼžÿһӳܴһѪ⡣
ӦѩûΣֻһ·һɳȺУ˲䷢ըһըһƬ
ڡȸᵶԪ˼ΪҲǵ͵γǱȸ̵ֽһЩ©֮㣬ûע⵽
ʹһֱעҲʲô쳣ƺһͨѨڵӶѡ
ţô򵥣ԷԸ¶Ҳȷ̽Щܵʱ
ԣûٶ࿴عͷȥˣػɱ
һɱʵҲһ߻ƴˣΪ˽ʵһʱ
˶˵ľ̾ȣ˵ĸйٶԣͷ֣ԼصľӡʹԼʵȫֻҲǴʱġ൶Ѻѣһǧ˿ӦѩĶˡ
ʵʵǿһʹֻһ˿պ絶⣬ƷǵƷԶ󼰡
һûΣӳĽɵ裬Ⱥ˲䱬ըһըһƬǺεȵĽΪ
٣ԳԶԶҪ˵ûԼʽ
ѩֻ˼ʡ
콣Ĳѧ̫ݽǵУ˵ǿһſƷ½׽ļƷƷ
һδرȡ൶ѺĿǰȱĵƷ½׵պ絶ҪԶ
˵ʵͦǿһǳġȸᵶԪ˼βɱߵֶ˲ġ


330 ѩ֣ϣ
һӺǷɹĶߣȫһա
֮ϣʬ壬һ㡣
ʬ֫Ϻ䣬Ѫֱȳ֮ζ˱ǡ
ߣ
˼ۣ൶Ѻɫأؿ˵
˼״Ҳ˵ͷϳЩ˹ĵͽʲôƷ֡
ߣһͨĵͽߣ伶
ǣǧҪСƷ֣ߣԳʼԴڿжݻС
ңҪǣǶýס
ǧֻУҲһʮǿĻߣΨһĲͬǣǵɫת˵ĳȻɫ˫֮ϴһЩ˿
ͷ˾֮ɫ
ЩߣҲ൱Ԫڡ
֮䣬ϵĲпɱҲᵮһ֮Щ֮ѾļޣǣҲǽɡ
Ǿߡ
ߣȻĲݱ䣬գһҲȻ飬Ϊ֮е
ǾҲ˴еĿ꣬۷Ĵڣߣһֻž̤߾磬ʽߣҲһ֮ңİ벽ڼڡ
벽ڣ
ҲΪʲôʹ൶ѺѵˣѳΪӶ꣬־λͬȵĴڣȻðɱԭ
Ϊ̫ǿˡ
ĹѨ֮У˴ջ񣬼ıǣټӦѩ飬Ԫ˼˵Ӽ룬Ȼ˸ᷢⳡɫ
ǰɣ
һ൶Ѻѿ˵
˶ףⲻǿθ˼ĴڣĴͷԶԶûݡ
ߣѶȣͱ˹ˣֵõǡ
ǰ
ˣûԥصʬ壬ŶѨϿ

߿֮Уͨ˴ССĶѨһһ˭Ҳ֪ͨ
˶ùֻ࣬ҪʢĵطǰУһҵߵڡ
ңҲֻҪϵսȥվᾪ
ʱ򣬾˲ȥҲԶֱϢ
ԣ˸ûκεģֻһ򣬼ϵǰȥ
һ·־սʼʱ򣬻߾Ӷ࣬ѨߵжΣл߳֡
ٺǿߣҲһͷÿһѨڣڵʵ
ǵ͵Ϯʤټʵǿˣǰٰһˣ͵Ϯˡ
ң˶зʹ͵ϮƶأҺܿ⼸ͷ͵Ϯ߻ɱ
ʰϱõ߲ģһƣ漴ǰС
ʱ𣬱Ҳҵȫ£ʱܲһĻԷ⡣
ңУһֱͨ쳹壬һ˼Уͨ쳹壬˷εɢȥ
ʹþ˼УӦܵʱ򣬡൶Ѻѣǧʫ˪ȣȻȻ䣬Ⱥеġһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬иӦعͷһ˫Өۣؿһۡ
ҲͿһۣ漴Ҳûж˵ʲôֻعͷȥǰС
Ҳ֪ǿЩʲôֻһĻǰߣΪ֪Ӧѩ鲻֮¡
ôضҲǾ쳣ǿԲ˸Ӧˡ
Ҳͣ˽Ϊǿôõ
˵ԦʹѩȻδϻҲһۿóⲻһͨĽ
ǿԽԦġɽ
νɽǲֻܷɱеĽӵһЩ޷ˡ
񡰰롱ɣеǰѽһ˰꣬ӵһ˿ɽܵĵͽ׷ɽ
öʯӰһγɵģҲͨĽǷɽ
ɽѵãɽѵãΪΨоڳˣʮڳ˵ǿߣпܼ˷ɽп÷ɽճǧȡͷ
ǧﵱȻǲʵΪʮףϰףõġ
ڸԶǧף׾룬ǾֻѨ۷壬벽ǿߣпˡ

ûйӦѩǲ֣зҲûʲô
Ͼ䣬湦챦ӦоУͨ쳹һܹģҲ
ڵġѪӵ󷨡аɽġѪ֮Ѫ֮µġšͨͨȡһϣӵĹܡ
ԣ˼ǰ
Դóͨ쳹֮ÿһζǰԤߵĳֹ켣٣Ʒ׸ߵͣǰ׼
һ󹦣ȫ˲٣൶ѺѵͶĿ⣬Ҳûжʲô
ÿ˶ԼܣʲôܰǣǺ¡
ڣһѪսҲ֪ɱ˶ǧߣڣߵײ㣬һʮ־޴ĵصܶС
ܶɭ鲼˪
һ޴ģɫ˫ͷһö˸ʹ״¡𣬵ߣߡ
ϣϢʮ֣ǿأš
漴ϲߣ


331 ѩ֣У
ߣ˴˴εĿˡ
ؼգڵǰ
ҪǰУԼõķʽ֣˺ɱ令ۻȥڴʱͷ
ֻһȣСġ
ŻȻֻಡһɶ֮ڶһȺɫĹߴӸѨӿ˳
Щߣͷͷȫɫ˫͸ĹϵϢһӴ󵽿£ȻнĴڡ
һͷ
ߡ
Ǻ棬Ȼָʮͷȫɫͷɫߣ൱ԪǿߵĻߡ
֮֮಻ߣ飬֮
ãǾˡ
ս
൶ѺѴһ漴γԼĶ̵
˶ףȻĴңǣȻ˵أ߶ߵ׼
Һãǰһɱǵ˺ܶࡣ
ڣʽУʣµĶߣȫڴˡ
ɱ
ûԥЩ߿˻ʮ׵ʱӦѩ飬Ѻѣǧѩ÷ʫ˪ȡһ֡
һӭɱһͷߣ൶ѺѱʵǿǼеӣȻֱʵǿͷ߽ߡ
ӦѩˣԸͷ
͡
൶ѺѲҵ֪һٶˣͷ۷ѣ룬һ־˾С
ֻͬޣ𣬻Ϣǡ
ͬʱеƷº쵶ų쳣ĿĲùâͬҹ£ڰлһߡ
µʽ֮¾Ӱ꣡
ͣ
ͷʵǿߣʱһ˳ȥСλһֲĵۣɫѪʱϳⷭӿ
ߴŭתͷһ˫ͭС۾ѺѣȻſһ£һųɫ֮

ѺѶʱЩǱӶ쵶ȫɢ³һ
һ档
޻ڡѩ÷λöȻȻ֮ľ룬ͷ߱
ֻУһĺӡͬ÷ţݺݵһ»ͷߵߴ粿λ
Ʒѩ˷ָ֮ʽ֮һ÷ӳѩ
Ȼһ죬ͷߣʱһԣĲλƤ¶ɭȻ߹ǡ
ϾƤ񣬲ûԣһͷȻſѪڣѩ÷ҧ
һҧУҲˡ
ѩ÷ȴȫη֮ɫ۾зһ˿ԾԾԡ
ͬӦѩ飬Ԫ˼ȣҲͷͷսһ
䣬䣡
ֲڶѨ֮˻ѨҡΣعѣѨͷߣϢȻǿʢƺҪۡ
ãУЩߡ
ӦѨзĶ൶Ѻɫٴδһͬʱٴ𣬶󸩳¡
еƷº쵶һ貵âһǰͷɫնΪϣѪ
βģֱתȺУ磬ݺأΧȫɨһգ绢Ⱥ
һ棬ҲоΣգҵͬʱ֡
֮
޻ڡѩ÷ۼͷ˵߳ҧģȻ
ۿɼٶȣȫ䣬ͷҧʱһ
󣬡޻ڡѩ÷ֱһ֣һƵͬĴߣȺС
һ⡱ǧ磬ͱңȻ֮䣬⽣ϣ⣬һǰͷߵͬһƤ֮ϡ
ͣ
Ѫ˸ͷߴмߣڷ׹ڵء
֮УӦѩ飬ʫ˪ˣӦ׵ġ
Ӧѩָ罣һгֵĿĽһ¾Ͱǰͷ߶ʳ촷ۡ
ǧʫ˪˶Ԧ飬ڤѪѨʵһǰͷѨڵߣĶ֡
̶Ƭ̼䣬ͷͬмߣҲ¡
ϾˣУȸᵶԪ˼ӦΪΣָڤѪǰȥæȺУѪĽ˻֮
һ߽ͼž߽һ˲ǰͷնڽ£Ѵ֮
󣬾Ԫ˼ƣʫ˪ͷߺָʹڤѪæܿ죬ߺҲһͷм߽
ʱضɽҡܶУͷߴ۷ߣڳѣһ˫һĿֲ˫ĿŤͷ
Ѩ֮еĿһʱ֮͵¡


332 ѩ֣£
ˣֻ𣬱˼άһʱתͷߣƺ˵õиΪ¡
ڳͻھ
Ȼ䣬뵽֮ǰڶѨУ˯ģкǿϢ൶ѺѺȻɫޱ䣬Ȼޱѿص
ѣҲȻӦ˹ղ˹սûнѣȻΪҪĹͷ
ǡý룬һֻ¾Ҫȫιǵ߿ˡ
ɱ
Һʱ˺ټһͷѨڵڤѪܿ콫ʣеͽһա
󣬲ԥΪһãҵᣬͻھʱ򣬼˾һܲˡ
ԣ˶ͬһʱֵ̣̽ӿȥ
֮Уԡ޻ڡѩ÷Ϊǿ
ȻûȫӰٶȣֵ˹ؽʱ̣ҲҲ˽ٻй¶һףͬӿȥǰ
ͬʱ̧һָ˲þӨ͸Ȼ·ɣȻǰͷոѹ߸ȥ
ѩ˷ָ
˻˻дűָӿȻͷոѹߣ۾ȴ¶˼ΪԻĳ֮ɫ
ֻȻһſڣָͣͬʺȻȴڽʺһ˲䣬׷飬ɢΪһҺ壬һ¡
Ȼ׽֮ƺǲ⣬Ƶġۡһ³մ˸ȳζĺںˮѩ÷һͷһ
ѩ÷Ȼһͷпʼѣ֮ɫʵϾǿ󣬻Ǻܿɢҡҡͷѹ
ڴʱͷǰ·һɽƵߣȻһȳ򣬾ȻȻ˲䶯ˣײ
·һɽȻƶӭ泯ײ¡¡֮Ʋ涼ʼ
һ£ʹѩ÷ո˵һΪֲȻһͷ۷һײҲҪзϼ꣬βĵɥͫ׼
ȻΪ̫ܵ죬˶ǰ
һͷһĹˮͷȻЩѣֻܿӣܿ档
漴͸оԼӷ·һٻͷӭײС
ʹͷҲһ֣ϧǷ֣ͷߴ۷ǰʵڲһ
ֻǼ˲䣬ӴÿײɽʯĹǰΪһصĲӡ
Ȼѩ÷һǰڣˡۡһ³һѪȻ·ߵķݣ󵹷ɶصײһǽ֮ϣ㱻һı⣬̳ɶԴ
ңǱλò̴ֻδ˼Ƥ⣬ǣһ£Ҳΰأֱڵأ²֪
ǳʧȥսˡ
һѷʧһλѨս
һĻѾɱȴԮӦѩ飬ѺѵˣһĿѣͷȻȴҲ޿κΡ
ͷԲô򵥵۷޽ӽڰ벽ֱӷһλ벽ڼˡ
³̶ȣԶ״̬µǿ
£ֻзɱˡ
Ȼѩ÷³ǵ³ֻ¸ңһӲȥ
ϣ
ʱӦѩ飬ѺѵˣѾͷǰ
צֱ֮ϣ˲ۣܲһǳපצͷ­λȥ
Ӧѩ飬ѺѵȣҲչһƻֱʩչ콣岻̫ݽȥ
һƹº쵶µʽҪһкâǴһ˿պ壬
һ⡱ǧȸᵶԪ˼ǧʫ˪ͷڤѪҲǣơ
һֹҪһ㳯ͷߴ۷кȥ
ͣ
ͷʵ̫󣬶Ƥ񣬹Ҳûܣܣֱӱһצͷ­ġ
˲䣬ԭһƤﱻе죬ߵͷۿɼٶȣ°ȥΧһĲ
ͷƤ˲ͣȻѣ飬Ѫһͷһۡ
˻
߳ʹȻҲû뵽СӾȻ̫ͷ϶ŭ
ֻ֮ϣ˲һѪɫͷɫʹһϣȻȻһ̡
̣˸ˮһĽ⣬Ȼͬһɫһ㣬ͷһ·һġ
˲˷·Ӱһոյֻ֣üСɣȴûѧ۷Ӱ
ͷӴƶصߣٶȣҲ㹻ˡ
ȶ˫
ⶴѨ󣬵ص׾ôߣת۲㣬ԣһѵĻɱߵʱ
Ȼ򲻹ӣҲ׷ϡ
ͷ߱㽫Լһǻŭ𣬷ΧӦѩ飬Ѻѵϡ
ֻһת޴ɫβ·𳵰ȻһתͽӦѩ飬ѺѵȣԳɣйơ
ӦѼˣ˲᲻صƣҲЩѣǱ

һδγϣһδαɣսһʼ˰Ȼ
ʹʵȫҲⱻһδɨУȻ˷Ҳסȫһÿζоͱơ
󣬲òԼΪϤܣЩ
ˣ̶ȣҲһˣѪǱˡ
ϣҲùػ಻ٶܵһЩˡ
Ƥַ˺ѣ¶ѪܵĴڣõ֮һƬʺ죬սǱò֮
ǣϢȻǿʢ۾֮УⷴԽԽг۷ĵزڡ
ˣȴѸʧԽԽ
ȥʮغϣ˱ɡ
ˣȥȫҷģѽκˣ׺䣬Ѻѣģ
ģ
ǧģ
Ӧѩ飬ģ
ʫ˪ģ
Ԫ˼ģ
ã
˶֮󣬼˲ٱһѧƵ
Ʒ½׵պ絶
Ʒ
ӡ

ȸ裬·⵶
ˣһ˲ȫԼǿľУ൶Ѻϣһҫ۵Ĺ⻷·գһպ磬ĵ֮ϣһն
˲䷢ҵ𶯣ֲϢɢȻⶴѨ֮еı˪˲ڻ
Ϲ裬һ⡱ǧڲٱճУһն
˺Ѵأ֮ϣ˲һֲѺۡ
ͷգȻĪ𵴣һɫ׵磬·ۣ̾ɨֱֱغߵͷڡ
˫ۣȻޱƺ׻ƣӡ
ʫ˪ɫأȻʮָţֲϢųȥ˲ͷѨڵڤѪ֮С
ڤѪǣϢԽԽֲѨڣѨ۷壬ӵһ˿벽ܡ
ſѪڤͷ֮ȥ
۵ġȸᵶԪ˼еǰȸҲȻ֮Ĺ⻪ݱọ̀һն
Уһķ֮УȻͬȸһ֮ԶѰƷ
˾Ƶһ˲вͷߵڴʱһֱûӦѩ飬ͻȻʲôһָ

Ȼ䣬һһµӦѩ飬İϻһ߲⣬ʲô飬ţӡȻ⿪
һɫĳͬϻ֮ȻɳͷϿգһָɽ˲·ǣͷ߹
Ʒ̫ݽ˾ʽ֮һ̫齣
Ʒѩ


333 ߣʤ
Ȼ˾㶼̧ͷȥ漴һ㵣һ־ޡ
ѩ⻹һ¶ǰȫȫ¶
ֻͨϸ˳Ůӵ˫üһĻȡ
Ȼ˭Сһᵹù
Ȼ
˾Ƶͷ߶ʱʹٲŭҲѸٵĶѪѪϵش
ӷˣӴɽŤôعѣɽҡΣռ䶼ƺҲ
ֲ쫷磬ͬһ㷭ų˷Хɢ˶ЩϢѡ
ȻεҲѲ˰ˣ˿˱ʵʵ̫ˡ
ʹһͷҪͻƷĿֲޣҲԵֵסͻƷûôˡ
ʮغ֮
Ⱦǡ൶ѺѵĹº쵶һĲϣһ˺ۣĿġ
ľӡͻףԴϣԴ˲һ̣ͷЩѡ
ʫ˪ڤѪ䵽ĸֻ۵ĺɫС㣬ȴһ˲䣬ȫĸ֮
һ˲ʹ漴ήңѪۿɼٶȼС
Ȼһ˲䱻ֻڤѪա
β˦˹ȻҿȻڴʱһɫĵ⣬һɫĽ⣬ͬʱԶֱֱնߴ֮ϡ
Ȼһ漴Ȼֹͣ˦˦ͷһ˫ɺ˫ۣˡ
Ͷ׼һʱ򣬾ڴʱһ˳ϸԶֻһʹĺԽ룬ȻǰԴ
ۣ
һɴζѪһЩҰɫĶӿ˼æܿ
̧ͷȥʱȴȻͷ̾ɽɢ·ʧȥн֧֣顱һصˤڵأҵ̳
˲ûзɾ裬һŵضͷߴ۷ߡ
̶ǿ£οһͷҪڼ۷
˵Ĺ̫ǿһӦѩյʱλã̫ˡ
ѩһֱӴ͸ĺԣԼ˽ʮӣĿýͱͱȷȫ޷ӦڿԿ϶Ѿòˡ
Ү
˶һۣȻ뻶ԾΣգô£һɣɾ͸Ҳ
˻Эټϸ׼ĺֹ࣬ƹӲ˵վȫڴˡ
˲ԼͬǸһ£վǰӦѩ顣
һ춨ʤҲˣʤõС
ٿʱѩѾ»صİϻ֮УһͭסиǷ
ˣеʧźȻȴֲɺȻһ
⽣ʲôʱɻؽϻģǾȻȫȻ֪ң͸Զصϻ֮󣬾Ȼɲ԰͸һȾƺûгƵġ
ѵֻǻþ
һȻ̶ֲЦӾӦѩ飬ʵˣ̸˶Դĵزˡ
˲ʶģЩԶĪزһɾη
η˺ȻַӦæһȥѩ÷ιһ鵤һߵߵǰһۣȻһҵˣ
߾£һ˸âۣһЩͨɫƬڵš
˴еĿ꣬ҪϽĹؽ֮ߵĻۡ
˴˴ε񣬾ˡ
ͷӴʬ壬ɢһأ߰ͷѨڣڵʬ壬Լʬ壬˵۾ֶˡ
ȻɣǣɲİЩɢʬϲٵطǱ
Ҫ˵ͷͻڼˣ߽Ѫ߹ǣƤĿǾıÿһֵɹ
ҪĶĻۣԼͷϵĶǣǿǼɵǣǼֵǡ
ִǲ֪ͷߣѾ֧ɫǣֻѡϽƷͲǻֻۣɫˡ
дһǣپͼֵʮɹ⻹ģʶԼУֵߡ
ˡ
һ£Ǵ˿еĹͬ
˷Уܿ콫ֵĻԪ߹ǣ߽ȡߣѨ߸صչĿ꣬һͷͷʣ
ͷߵʬڱȥҪλ֮󣬱һһϣֳ߽أԷֵһأҲҪֵɹ
ߵѪ⣬Ǵ֮ǳۻãǼкô顣
漴ϲ󣬿ʼس̡


ʮ ǳϣ


334 ʮ
һ·ƽ£˷صפء
һȥ¥ȰߴɫƷˣ˸Իһ߽Ľɫ֮ͨ⣬˸Դе
ˣһ˻ɹһһǶʮһɹ
֮⣬С˻һһƷʮ鵤ת
ƷʮļֵԼʮ򣬵ʮɹ֮䡣
תļֵһܹҲʮ嵽ʮ
ټ˷ֵõĶʮһɹһλ׬ˡ
ûȷãȥ˶һУɱЩ߽߱ԼϵĲϣȫһ˳ȥ
գ˾˵ʮɹ
УֻߵĽɫǣռ˽һ룬ֵʮɹ
Ϊ̫ˣƷĲ֮ҲƼƷ鵤Ķϣ˵ǿ
ϵۣƤѪ߽ȣǲɶõıֵȻȲϽɫǣһҲʮɹ
ģ߽ϵĲϣȻ࣬ôҪˣֻ˽ʮɹ
ټϸջļ߲ݣһһ
һΣԼɱãã߲ãˣÿ˾ջ˳ʮɹ
һ֣ʮǧ
˵һҹΪ
ڶͨˣʮɹҲôˡ
ǸصģǲƷţʮԼԼٶȣͻƿģת
Ȼ˾֮䣬һѺЭ̵С۸ߵãĵãƽ֡
һ˲ûɢһСʯݣûжԥͿʼ
ȿĵģöתļۣһ
գӦѩ黨ǧɹĵһѺѻɹĵһʫ˪ɹջһ
ˣѩ÷ǧԪ˼֪ʲôǣѱɹḻԲûв뾺ġ
תȫɺһʮǧɹƽ֣һ˻ǧɹ
£ͷջɹͳʮɫɫΣΣ˵㣬ջҲͨɫɱȡ
󣬾ͷϷǲƷţʮˡ
ʮļۣʮÿμӼۣõǧ
ûڡ
Ѻѣǧʫ˪ΪӶ꣬еĵֱӾѡһŰƷţеĺҲ׬ȡɹ㡣
Ʒ׷Ѿľ磬øԶûпڡ
ֻѩ÷һˣǿ󣬷ȴӱҪȻ֮ǰҲֱӱһķѪȥܸ̬ȣŶҪԡ
ˣпܳ뾺ġ
ˣӦѩ飬Ԫ˼ˣճΪûжãҳΪӺ󣬵һѡģǷš
ӦѩֱӴðƷ̫ݽΪӺ󣬵һѡȡģҲǰƷŻһƷķľ
ԣڰƷҲȱ
Ԫ˼͸˵ѡȡģǰƷӰԪ˼ѡȡģͬķ浤Ĳ֮أι
ԣͷѩ÷Ӧѩ飬Ԫ˼ϡ
ˣҲǡ
УǼžҲûмžãڣѩ÷һֱۣӿڣȻҶ֣Ǿש׳ɡʮһǧɹ
Ӧѩֱӵʮɹ
ʮ򡣡
Ԫ˼æϡ
˾ۣû֣Ϊ֪ڳҲûʲôá
ңÿĵ׵ĵȻҲ
ѩ÷΢΢һЦһӦѩ飬۾ӹһĨɵ֮ɫ漴Ц
ҷ㣬ȻҲ˴ҺȣԭóֻǼλ츳龪ˣҪںͷ
Ϊ˲̫ԶҲֻкƤٳһμˡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
Ӧѩ治ɫص
ʮ򣡡
Ԫ˼ϡ
״ѩ÷ٴνһüͷЩƣҲ˵ʲô
Ͼ˹ͬãļԽߣԽˣղʮһʱ϶̫ˣڣδֹͣļ񣬹󲻻ڶʮ
һЩֵˡ
ҡ
뵽΢΢ɨһڣ·￴Ϸ֪Ҫⲿŵˣûг֡
ЩΪѡ
Ѻѣǧʫ˪Ա߿ţ˭Ҳûв֣ΪǴʱҲƫ˭ֻܵȴ䶨ٹɹ
ԥôһ˲գѩ÷Ǳһ۸񣺡ʮ򣡡
۸ѾĵˣٸߣЩֵ
ķҲƷ׵ķ룬ȰƷԶ˼ľ硣
óȻԭΪδõĳԶչҲ˴ľġ
ȻԤһʮļֵ˶֪ʮɹ϶Ǿͷ
Ӧѩ鿪ڣʮ򡣡
콣壬ƴ֣˭Ҳ֪жɹȻΪûжãȻ˭ҲС
Ԫ˼ԥһ£˵ʮٸߣҾͲҪˡ
ʮ򣡡
ӦѩԥӵȻʮɹƺҲ㲻ʲô
Ĭ˺ܾãѺ׼Ľʱ
ڴʱڣһֱԹ۵˶ƺѾᣬҲⱾƷߵյļ۸
ǣȻۣ̲סһοڣʮһ򣡡
˻
ȫһƬȻⱾŻԼжʮҵļֵȻû뵽վĵʮһ߼ۡ
һ뿴Ӧѩ飬ĿǰҲֻһˣˡ
Ȼ֣֪ΪΣһۣӦѩȻعͷȥٲһԡ
ȫĬȻ
˭Ҳ֪ӦѩΪͻȻ٣۸񣬳ߣΪҪԾͷˡ
뵽콣δ̳ˣҪһƷţֻҲʲô£ҲȻ
ҲΪʲôԭ򣬷Ƿټ۸Ѿ˵ԤڣҲû׷
ʮһ򣬳ɽϲ㣬ʦܡ
λһµġ൶ѺѣվЦڣ漴бǸУС
Уһ浭΢Ĺš
Ǵ˴˵֮һƷʮ
˷Ȼõ֣Ȼ˭Ҳûп
ʮһ˹֣Ǿһգ֧ʣµʮ򣬾ͽŰƷʮõ֡
˴õʮɹȫĲ˵ʧԼ治ʣ¼ɹ
գֻ°ǧɹãеɹѾȫĵ
Ҳڣõʮһжֵˡ
˵һ񣬳֧ɹջһİƷţԼ߽ͨƣ׬ˡ
ָϣ˸ȥ˻ͨѸķʽͷ׷ɢȥҲصԼСݡ
˵Ҳֻһͨĺѣ³ɣɢ
պлᣬټ棬һ£Ҳͺͨһ


335 ֮
СУҿУȡǱ΢Ĺţϸϸط
ʮʮԽľˮ֮ʮܣһаƷµĹ
аƷҲҪϲпܽƣ
ͨƷ½׹ţʮе£Ҳδûеסһ֮
Ȼڶ϶ͲˣϾƷ͵Ʒ֮䣬ǲԵƵġ
֮󣬽֮һһȥС
һʱ̧֮ͷϴһЩ̾
ŹȻͬΣԭԪɱȣҪǿöࡣ
˿֮õ֮⣬ģȻԪˡ
²˳٣ҲûʲôˣϥȻ죬ĬԪʮָ֮ʾĵһ·ߣʼ
һ˿˿ϵԪ֮зָȡȻ֮С
ϣһ˿Ľ⡣
ⲢŨңҲۣһ˿΢Ĺ⻪ȴŹˡ
ֻҪϵȥһ죬ܰɡ

ʱˮıչشУһգۣʱȥˡ
٣ٻʢ
չȥյƺȵ˿졣
תۣļȥתҶƮ䣬ֵһĳ
ʱУ󲿷ʱ䣬յֵţӰ͡ʮ
УƷӰ˵Ӱĵزǽӽɡ
ʮһУľУˮУĻУѾɡ
ΨһУУʱûţҲѾ㹻֧Ӧ󲿷ݵսˡ
ţ⣬̷һСȸݣΪɹѨڣͻѨ۷壬Ѩڣһ֮ң
оʱҲ̫ԶˣҲڽڡ

Ųͷ޵ʱ䣬սҲ˼¡
һɹŰĺһ
˴ţ㣬һɹ࣬Ǽ٣ھһҵɱ֮һڵɹ񣬳ɹ¯
һڵɹ񣬺ԭһڰȣ˵Ƿ츲أһ֡
һֿնɡڤɹ4653271ţ¡
ڶؾ̣ɹ4546298ţޡ֮
Ʒ桱а䣬ɹ4274757ţаɽ
糵׿ɹ4154665ţޡߺ֮
İϻḡɹ4021768ţ칤ɽ
Ͽɹ3797761ţޡ֮ĩ
ħӡ˾ߣɹ3654559ӣħ֮Ĵˡ
ڰ˾ͽмɹ3276759Ŵʦ֡
ھһҶ֪Ҷɹ3177781ڡ
ʮ񵶹ӡаɹ3092254ʦ֡
ʮһߺ֮һ
ʮºȻߺ֮һ
ʮ֮һ
ʮѪħָף칤ɽ洫ӡ
ʮСС¥ʦ㡣
ʮʮʮʮڶʮ
磬Ѫģ껿գ׷
һֱǰʮǸţңɢ޵ӱ͵ûһ֮
Уֱʮһ֣Ǿ󶥷֮
ʮһ֣󶥷ӵ봨
ʮߣһ֣ӵģġ
ʮˣӵ壬ƺ
ǰʮһʮУֻˣҽĩβɳƲҵ
û˸С
Ȼɹϵ˵ףǣ˶ֻ֪ΪǵĴʦ֣ԭġףΪ˷ǿߣӵݣԲڡ
ңΪȥ󷽣ɹԴ㣬ȻɹϣûܳùңֻҪԶԶذż⣬һ˵ͻǧ򣬶⡣
ɹһڶĴڣҲ֮ȡ
ԣȻɹϱֲҵǣȴȻ֮ƣս½ϣӿ
ȣͬն
ʹһڶţ칤ɽаɽڵȣҲòЦӭҵ
߳ȥǰͦأĽġ
һУǴʦ֮
һ֮
һˣŤתô꣬ƶһԾһβСڣΪ˻ͻ;֮һҺȻгԽɵļ
ǷΪҪԣʵ̫ǿˡ
ȻһУҪףܻܲŴ󷽻壻ûлһжԭ㡣

УȻһֱڿؼҲǶһ֪
ԶɹȻҲ֪֮飬˵ֹһΡ
ڰϵˣҲɾ֪̾ȫۣߺȫԲʢ
ǰǲġ
⣬ڱ˵ۣ׵ܻܲеģȻ׸ġ
ͣܳΪĴڣʲô϶ԼĶرš
ţţ˿䡣
ԣȻڱչؿޣʵҲһֱڵȴ׵ĹΪ֪һ̣ǰϣҪʼսʱ̡
Ǹʱ̣ûһĹ򣬹Ҳֻ䵽Ϊڻҵķݡ
ҲУϿ̿Ʒŵ̫ҪʵҪΪսһЩ׼
⣬ɹĺϲʵм£ҲԽ¡
ǾǣУϻɹȻżԵڣ֮ǰһͻѨɹΪ󶥷ӡ
ƺӰ죬ձڶͻơ
ʱѩҲͻƵ˻Ԫ۷壬벽Ѩ֮ɹż
һε춨ʤ۳ģȻƷеƷƷѨ
ձԲһ
ƷľѨձƷĽѨѨ֮һ
ԣУѩߣĳɾͣҲǿ
ΨһźǣΣûͻƣƺƿЩɥ
ձ˲δԾǱΪＯɹ׼νżٴθͻơ
СҲʱδֻʱˡ
ԴˣҲΣﲻ̫æ
׼ˣзˮ壬ħ۵ĸβͻƣҲֲ˱ˡ
ȻͻƾˣԵһҲȻȻˮɣԵδʹ׷ʮ꣬Եһͽ̾κΡ
һϢǣãͫ츳ɱ¶ˣźУΪɿ죬ĿǰȻѾﵽ˻Ԫڸ߶Ρ
Ҫ˶ãҲͻƻԪ۷壬벽Ѩӵнżʸ
˺ɣʣͻѨһģҳɾ͵ѨƷֻ»͡
ԣʱС֮УֽһѨ⻹ǿϲɺص顣


336 Ϣ
֮⣬һ˾ϲϢ
Ǿǣһʱıչأư֣Ⱥ֮ǰͻ˻ԪΪڵӡ
ҲǰŵһִۣսΪǲ֧սĵڶԪӡ
ˣĿףȻ⣬ʽĺСӡ
СԽ׳󣬽ԭĹ¼ҹˣֻˣڽӽʮˡ
ƾޱ䡣
ձѩ飬ͫư֣ӡ
ʱСӵȫݣ᲻ټȺǾ˵һˡ
󣬿ͻ˫֮Ͷ飬Ҳ˵һ

֮ûѶȥǣ˻ϣΪȥҲûãʱûǵ֮ء
ԣפأһʱָһǡ
ʱҲǽӼС񣬳ȥһ¡
˾ñ飬ټʱȻĸ˵úܡ
ҲǴ˿У˵֮⣬Ż׼͹ڵӣһڵӣȻ࣬ҲǾӢ
Ҳףӹʱ򣬾սսʱˡ
ֻеʦֳװҵԴͷҳ֮Щ˲Ż
ʱ϶ûô졣
ңҲףʦھͰϢǣõϢ֮󣬰ҪͨѸϢҪƶ룬Ҫս׼Щһ͵飬ûô򵥡
ܶԱʣս飬ŵĳƤ˭ǰ˭ѹ󣬸ɶٱóƷҪ
漰棬Щͷ棬ûС¡
ԣЩҪµ飬ʱڵòʶᳶϰ꣬һҲ˵
ԣһָƣ¶ЩС׬ȡɹһ߼ԼƷţȴȫͻƹ
⣬ЩҲòĵ飬ųϣȥЩССֻҪɡ
ԣеʱУڣֹȥһ¡
һ죬פأȻ˺죬Щ⣬ƴϢĳӣȥһ¡
Ƭ̣ɫʮ־ʣϲǡ
ӴϢ
ϢǴǵķһ漰󣬻顣
ǾǣԭĴʦ֣ڵ֮һԲʮ֮䣬ͻƷĲţףڴ󷽻ˡ
һĵϢ
սƽǧ꣬˫һֱǻֻ˭Ҳͺβ˭
ΣսͻȻȴΪ⡣˶ףûзǳشԭЩޣΪ
ôʲôԭ򣬴ʹǣַɶ˻𣬲һеΪأ
ǰڸ߲㶼ǲ²硣¶֪˵ǿռѷҪ򿪣˵޲˱죬ʲôΧԵ壬Ť
Ҳпȵȵȵȡܹ°ɡ
Ȼ࣬ȴ˭Ҳ˵˭
ڸ߲˲̽Ȼ󷽽䱸ɭϣĴأͨǿǰȥҲǾһ
ÿһ˵̫ҪˣʵԽߣԽԽϧҲûԸȥ顣
ڷȥûãܲʲôԴ½ֻв֮
˹ƾȥʲôãҵԴͷ鲻һоͶȻⳡͿս֪Ҫʲôʱ
Ȼ˰ǿߣȻԷ·һ㣬һһӿϵǿߣɸеʮǡ
ȥ̣һǸʱΣӣ
һﲻչʱ򣬡ٿճҺȻͻ˷
ҪǣΪڼСǣӦΪڲԴͷֲУΪԭ򣬲Ըðյġ
ˣڴһһ죬ȥ£꣬ҲԽԽʧ
Ϊ϶ʧˣϾôȥĵطĴڣ൱Ĵ󷨵ǿߣ֮۷벽ڡ
ƾһˣǵĶ֣
ȻգڵȵʽϢһ˵Ļ𶯵Ϣ
˴֮ԱңΪһͷҲ൱Ŀֲڣڵ
ͻƣΪؽʱҪǿߵľѪԼĵرΪ䣬ΪͻƵһѻ
ԣΪλ棬ȫˡ
ǲϧһУƴۣسפ߷͹Ϊ˶ȡྫѪԼɵݣԹͻ֮á
һλͻƳɹ½ǧľأǧǰħֱ䣬ӿ¡
ǧ֮ǰħٻǿߣֱֳ⣬սӡ
ֽ׶Σǿϡ٣Ȳǧ֮ǰûһˣҲûκһţԿͷµ
һǸ׶Σ½ȫ붯ңǧߣѪɺӣţȫ飬
ܾ࣬ʹʱ壬ռء
½ʹݡ


337 ½ܶԱ
ڣݣ
һ뵽µۣڸ߲㣬ȫסˡ
ȷϢʵ֮󣬰ڸ߲ȫˡ
˶ףڲ仹ûȫͻֽ𣬷򣬵ȴľֻлһ;
ûκһˣһţֵܵϴ󳱡
ʱ򣬵޽罫ѪɺӣǧߣһƬưܣзҲûһܻ
⣬˭Ҳ̵顣
ˣ뷢ܹսپˡ
ڸ߲ٵжǰδеѸ١죬ʹһµ
󣬰УصϣԼһЩ½ͻƣ֮ǰδüصӣȫսۡ
һʱ䣬½ӿͬͻȻѹʨһɲƣա
ʱڣڸս·ϣÿնֵܿӰڸ߲㣬Ҳȫһ£ӱչƹسǾ
̶죬ʥʣ¡Ҷɮ䲻ʧٽʮ֮⣬ߴţȫ
£Ҳһλһλ壬ȫȨ
ˣȻҲǰ벽֮뷨һ֮ң£Ҷɮʥ֮⣬ǿ֮ˡ
½ͻƵġףһʱ֮䣬Ƿӿ
˴󷨵ʮλ벽֮ѨԪӣȫ۶
УһʱɳǸƣľӢ

ӴĵڶϢǱżУֵѨӡ
żÿ굮Ѩô࣬ѨӣҲϢ
ΨһǣͻƵģһλɢ޵ӣԼһλҵӡ
ˣֱǣйһ֮ԵԸоģɢ޵һţ΢΢һЦĽů
һˣڶ̨ϣ°ܽģҵһţ롱ɡ
ɹͻѨҺȻ֤ƷѨƷǣҲ콾һͬʱҲ⡣
Ϊʱ֪˲ǳ֮һ죬׷
ڴٴԷʱ򡣲ڵȻʱ
ƽʱܻеȤڣʱ̣ҲʵûûȤע˵С¡
ԣֻͺܿԹ

ʱֹȥ졣
Уڸ߲ȫ֮ھǷ㣬ٿһʮ¡صĻ顣
λ飬ֻаڸ߲㣬Լ׼ĴڿԼ롣
ڻϣڸ߲㣬ϣãƻȻѰ©ȱƷ
һµļƻǿ񣬳ɹʶΣԶУƷ
᷽Ʒ᷽Ʒѭ
ʹЩƽʱλ߸ϵİڸ߲㣬벽ǿߣҲһ࣬˭Ҳ˭
ÿļƻ⣬ҲһĽ˶ͷ۲ѣΪδģֶ֪飬ûô׽
ٽ˼
ȻȻȻڸ߲㶼ΪȥͷĿ´ڶ׼ƣԣʹۣ⣬Ҳʼֻһ
Ǿǣúεȷȥɱ
ֱȫսѹѹˣǣ͵ɣնףһٵ춨ʤ

ľݣ˲֪ǣȷһǣ֮󣬰ڸ߲ȫ˳ڣ
һΣǱأȫܶԱ
һʱ֮䣬ȷѪ꣬һݡ
ڣӣִ£ϣҲܰĴȫɳ
ư֣ӵˣҲ⣬ҲȫӵҪսɱޡ
ͬʱΪǵѾɹͻѨձѩȫϻ˾ۺϡ
Ψ飬ͫãһżѰͻƵĻ᣻һҲΪҪĹͷĿǰѾɹͻ˻Ԫ۷塣
ţٸһʱ䣬ȹһΪһαżµһλѨֽ
ʱ򣬶սߣһ

ʱţ˲ϴսԼʵͬʱҲɱΪڶޣɹǡ
ͬʱУȻҲϵڱս˶ףЩǿθС˶ѡ
սδͷۣ׸ʲô취һΰЩֲȫǧٸ
Ȼڲ౾Ԫ£ÿ취覴ãԣͷۡ
ȻͷۣһѾ˳ȥ򳡣ܹģȫڽսս
ˣڲϧһдʵ׼ţʱ׼ţսʱ̵ĵ
ϢƣλڣͻƵʱޣҲǰ֮ڣҲ˵ʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ꡭ
˶о˽ȣһɷϢûһ˸и
ΪڲϵΧˣǱߣƺҲо춯ģҲٱ򣬶֯˷ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ߣҲʧأѨǿߣҲŴûһհ


338 ɭʯϿ
֮
սҹɭ֡
谵ɭĴڣͨ쳹壬СǰУÿһоȫӿڴͳһӣᴵһڡ
У˲һ·Ƶת᲻š
Ƭ֮OO@@죬ľζձˣΣĵ
˻ϣУӻͳһӰƵľᣬڵ̯֮һ֣˸һۿ

˵ĺλãɫأȻڵǿߵı߾λãɭϿˡͷܾ꣬ܽ档
ԣձˣҲһɫѿЩԥ
֪սΪͳԱڸ߲㣬ֳ˾Ŵ
һһֱ
ŴԸʵ䣬һ˱Ϊǿ
һ칤ɽ
ڶаɽ
ĳڡ
һֱսԵ
ǰ֮У󻹲磬ųóսֻȡʤһڣš
ԺɭʯϿΪ磬Ϊڡ
ȻΪ˷ֹ⣬߲ͻ¼ҲһǾǣǶԷ򣬰ڵӣǲҪԽġ
ԣɭʯϿ˵Ľء
˴ǽӵ׷ɱһͷͳһȺѨ꣬ɱš
ͷ˵ˣʱĴѨԪսɾͿԽ
ʵҲˣڷǸȺ֮ˣûѴ֮ͽ
ȻͷԣҲ˴˴εĿ꣬ȴƻ˽Ⱥӵܵһ˲䣬Σ֮زز
Ѱޣƾ˵׷ɱ´࣬ƫƫͷһ֮
ǾǡݣңΣʱһ
ݡ
ضֵ˼ָȺӵ֮´У
֮£ǵٶȣʮ
ңרƫƧεĵط꣬˷ʤ
ңӵһ쳣ϡرͨ쳹塣
ÿΣʧȥӰʱͨ쳹壬ӦϢ׷Ѱҵ
ǣҵҲûãÿοҪγΧĳʱͻɫȻͻȻڿʧ
¾˼УҲ׽
ٴʧ٣ܡ
Ȼÿμֵʱ䲻ֻ࣬Ҫ˵İΧȦˣҲ޿κΡ
ƫƫͷǵ񣬲С
Ϊˣˣһ·Ӽ׷޻ԭִ޻ԭ׷ѪգѪ׷˴ҹɭ֡
գӦϢǣͷ֮ķֽߣҲǺɭϿȡ
Ͽȣɲ򵥡
ֹΪڷֽߵԭҪԭǣϿȣʮֲΣա
һɭϿУľһɺɫ޹죬ĿһƬҺ죬ͬѪ͸ɡ
˵ʳ˾٣пƶĹľܵĻԼ̳˵ʯǵ񣬵ȵȡ
ɭϿУ鲼зˣûҪΪһ̯ѪˮΪгɵˣҲֿǿЩֲ˶ãҲڽΪڷֽߣµӿԭ
Ϊ̫ˡ
㣬Ҫġ
Ҫģ棬һЩĿռѷڣ˭Ҳ˵׼ʲôʱͻȻվһռѷ֮ϣȻȥͻȻʧӰ١
ԣ˴ʱԥԭ
׷ǲ׷
׷пܴĵһŵĵӷ֣𲻱Ҫᡣ
ҪǣɭϿУп˶ɥ
׷
еͰٷ֮ٻʧܣȥĴѨټԪȻһͷľˣֻҪ˵ĳЦ
⣬̵ġ
׷
գԥ˰֮ձȣһ
ǰеΣʲôսΣûһȫġ
һΣվǻʲộֱӻصţɽ󣬹ˣȥٳ
һֱ治ֱ
Ͼûˣ£δؼһ̫ƽء
࣬ü򿴲Σգڵȴǡ
⣬Բ
һۣȷû뷨֮˵ͼһ֣ٴγӦУϢʧķ׷ȥ
أܵĵ濪ʼı䣬ɫǳ죬Ȼк죬죬죬Ȼ󣬵ĿúһƬѪһ
ˣһɭĹϿ֮УĴ
ֻܿһƬ߸ߴ·˰ĺɫľųһţɭȻǽڻӭǵĽ롣
ɭʯϿ


339 Ԯ
Ȼʮֹ죬϶ŸΣգˣȻѾ˾Ȼڡ
ԣһ֮󣬻ͷȳźɭʯϿ֮п粽롣
ſһɵĴ̱ѪζʱǱǶˣõǲ΢΢һ
ϸһϣŲɺȻ֣ЩѪζȻǰЩɫľ֮ɢ
⡭
ձˣЩɫ
ԾɱƽڵǾ壬ⲻɭʯϿɫѪľѡ
ѪľɢһЩѪ֮ޣɱ˵һǮֵ
Ŷԭˣ
Ľͣ˶һϵɫҲõȻٹע
Щ飬뵱ȻֲһҴͻ֣ᷢ˶ѡ
Ƭ֮Ѿȫ롣
һУƺȻ谵һƬѪ죬ƺһƬѪ硣
ɫɫɫ˺ɫʲôɫҲûС
ˣһԭΪɭʯϿˣڿȴȻ
̫һɫ˴۵ĺɫˣҲһƣһֲ
ÿˣоͷЩѣܵѹȻһֲּϢУѹĳġ
Ĵ£˻ಽǰȥ
ȻҪȻӭһѵ׼ܽҪʲôǶ
ҵˡ
Ȼֳͨ쳹壬ǰɫһϲͷ˺ȵ
ڴʱϣ¶ľ֮ɫ
Сġ
ǻûüѳͼһ걾Ųľ޴ɫعͷһ˲䣬Ȼˡ
ɫϢ䣬ſһŴڣ¶ɭҧ˱ǡ
˾һ˲䣬ȴȻһЦ壬ƺƵתͷȻгһƽɫĻ硣
ȥ
һӣӭΣɲǼѾһСֱͷʳ˾ٵ͡
֨֨
ĲҽεκɫҺ壬ʳ˾֮ϣϵ£棬̡
Ƭ֮ʳ٣ɢʧһգͬڹһ㣬֮ϣֻһѲҰɫĻҽ
ˣæΧϸ˵ϵĻҽۣԾ¡
ư֣ӵˣǺ档
ϸϸ£ңתȦʮۣ̲סʵֵܣôʳ˾ٴڵģ
ҲæҲͬ档
״΢΢һЦָָе壬ڵ߲ᣬ߲ѡʳ˾٣Ȼصúܺãҵľ˼Уȴ׵ظ֪һ塣
Ȼ֪ɭʯϿΣգûа⾫ǴҷɡԣҹͷΪֶѣʡöһԣ鷳
ԭˡ
ˣһ־ۡ
Ƶᣬͷʳ˾ٵĴڣ֮ǰһ֪Ϊһͨٶѣ۵Ȼܳܵˡ
ҺѣǵˣȻ
˶Щҡ
߰ɣ
ڵѩʹͻѨǰһСŮһ㣬Щؿڵղ˵ˣҲƭǵ𣿡
˵꣬УȻһ˿΢΢ʧ䡣
״һ漴׹һЦûУǵĸоˡ
ҵĸ֪֮УͷǰʮﷶΧڣƺҲ鷳
þһ漴ɴ󾪣еǿȥɭʯϿеԭסɱˣǵɾ겻ˡ
ԣߣ
Ҳ
漴˷۵糸һֲٶȣӦеǸ򣬼۶ȥ
ǰǽΣգȻޣǣҲɭʯϿеޣһΣա
ɭʯϿеԭסɱˣһˣܣðˡ
˲ǰȻһ·ȴ粨ϣûôߡ
һľͻȻƶλãȻǰ·ͱˡ
ͷȴֺ棬ԭλҲһžľסȻǽ˲ܡ
˴ŭһ֣ȴɫϮ
ЩɫС˻Ȼȴɭݣʮֿ£һشͺŵĹһ
ǵӲȽʮ־ˣʮ룬ʮֻ㣬ƶٶҲɿ졣
һҧУ롣
Һ˶Ƿˣ֣ټľʹ߽׻ü֮һ£ڰ⼸ˡ
˼ͷʯǵĹ
ЩʯǵԶһģһǾͻȻת˷ֲĹ
Щʯǵ·˵һӣȻǽЩ񣬳ͷĵطٸȥʱȴ֣ԷϢʧˣͬûгֹһ㡣
ֱˣ
˼״Цָее㲻˼顣
ͷƷײߣ£һġ
ΣգȻܹˣҾ뵽ĺɭʯϿҲסѡ
ŵϣǼ֫Ҷĺֻʬ壬Լë˿ȷղžյġ
ĽЩʳ˹ֻѡ
һ£ˣȤ͸ˣһͷޣɲѰġ
ǡɾҲò˵һݻԵ
ǲ
ٴͨ쳹壬˫ĿӦߵķʱȻԶУķ򣬴飬飬顱졣
漴죬ϣɫĻ棬ֱ߿գըΪһĵԮźš
Ȼ۾Զ棬૵صŵԮźţ
˭ȻҲڵı߽紦ңΣգȣǲȣ
ȣͱضҪ̤ŵΧڰڵУΪɣ𲻱ҪĳͻȻˣȥˡ
ңǵĿ꣬ͷֻ¾Ҫˣ˷µĹ
һԶˣʹִͨ쳹챦ҲҵټϾͨ쳹Ȼ棬ҲоƵġ
̫Զˣ
ȣΪǴڵıԵܸϵŵӣʵҲһС
ҲΪˣǾפأԼӻ򣬾͸ԶˣΪ̫ƫƧƽ
˲ȣЩ˺ܿܵȲŸֵĵȫûʱҲѰ
ϾȻͬһţǣӪ
սսڼÿһǿߣδϣ˭Ҳʧȥѣ¾һˣԾս
ԣˣһʱѡ


340 ټɴ
ȣ
ֻԥôһЩ˲䣬ˣͺܿ˾
ϾһҪҲͿԲȵ顣
лᣬȴüŵĵӵǵԺҲԭԼײħ
ԣδȥͷߵľȻЩϧǺܿ죬תڵķ򣬷ٱȥ
ৡ
ӰѪɭĺɭʯϿУԵôۡ;ٴΣȻһһ
ΣյһΣ̤û£ȴͻȻһ̤գͬˮȻǿռѷͻȻ
Һоԣתо˳һе˺¡
ɭʯϿȻͬѰͨܽĵط
Σգ˶δ
ߵлͷ֮
˼Ÿղ̻ķ򣬼ɱȥ

棬ɭʯϿҲ࣬ģרŵɱ˳֮Ϊ
Ҳһ
Ȼʱ˿̣ںɭʯϿԵľڣһյأǵУȴһҵĴս
һȺǣһͷĴ£ΧżɫؿһССɫ¯ŵӡ
ȺŵӣŮһˣʵͣǻԪΪ
һǻԪڣһǻԪ۷壬벽Ѩ
Ϊ˵Ĵڣǲ֧ôãûбȺûȻȫһɶˣһ
ǣƽ׼ޣһֻ£µǣǴȺӻ
ҪǣǼηֻҪһͷĴ죬ܱԶʵѨǿߣǵΧ£Ҳֲ˼Ϣ
Ҫǣ⻹ûмֵ¡
ͷҲһ֣ѨڣڵǿߣҲҪ˲ޡ
ΪͷȻһֻѾﵽ̽ƷޣҲ൱Ѩڵǿߡ
һͷѨڵʮͷƽ׼ޣӽ̽׵ޡ
˹ģʵѹּʹǼŵӣʵףȴҲòεΣ
磬Ҫ𣿡
ȻһŮۣԱһʹڴʱ˿̣ɢ治ںЦݣһϮϴð׷ԵЩزȺӾ˵
ۣղһСģһֻǿץһצӣԳ鲻ʱֹѪ
ץƵ˿ڣƣѩ׵ź¶ʱԭĿ֮ϣ˿ȴڷףŧ
ֻץƵĵطһЩīɫѪɢһɵȳ֮⡣
ǵצӣȻж
⣬Ůˡ
ֹȺУŮ㶼ЩǵĶצж˼άЩٶۣ⵼ǵķظӳ
ϾЩǣж磬ٶȼ죬ƫֶ÷ֹһգһ͵Ϯ
ŵֻܹˣ棬棬գֻһһ͵Ϯ³
Ϊ׵ɢһֱĴȻЩ˴ʱˡ
ʦã£һᰲȫȥġ
жŮ˵Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫֻǴͷˣȴܽϣһɢı飬˵
Ȼ⵭ȴƺ⼸ŵӣӵĪġ
Ϊףλŵķ¶飬˵ǡ
ûһƾͷɢ֮꣬ǰڳϣŹâΪӦѩ֮⣬ڶŵӣӰ֮硱ʡ
Ϊ
ʱʵҲнȻûͻѨҲﵽͻѨıԵ벽Ѩ۷壬Ѩֻһ֮ң
ʱ˿ֻ̣磬ٵȺУϳ֣һ־һָ͸һֻǵʺɺѪ
ҲȺУΨûбǻе֮һĹ£ͷǣ˲ץסᣬһһɱ
ʬڽ£Ѫһأǲҹֿ
ʦģҺͷʦһǻȥġ
ȺУһ׵ŮҲڰŷʵֵΧȺͬʱϵһɫ裬뵽Щ˵ŵӿУˡ
׵ŮһϮȻҲֲüʵͨϣȴһ־⣬˲Ϊ֮ĿӣĿѣԡ
һաһŮӣòԻ
ȺУˡӰ֮硱ʣʵߣﵽ˻ԪڣӵãҲӰ֮硣
ΪǱˣŵŵ֮һųƵ̳˵ġ֡ɴ
ĵطڵǵ
Ϊڣ洫УʤĲ֪
۵裬ƳǸĪ⣬ײβŴʦ֣˾ͽмŵһ
ڣʩһƥ֮ٶĴһԾ֮βˣս˲ǿŵڡ
Ҳ᧿Σνİο˶ѡ
֪Ͳ׷Ѱǵڣ汦û֣ǰʦʦȫȥˡ
УЩΪ˵ǲǵִУֻ;˵⣬һ⣬ֱǵ߶ǲ׷ѡ
ȴ룬ˣפԽԽԶԽԽƫƧΣգһȺΧ˾
Ԯֻ¾Ҫȫûɥڴ˵ˡ
ǣ˵ԶţʹӣҲ򣬼ʹǷԮźţҲѶʱ
ǣ֧ŵסô
䣬Ƿ漣


341 Ԯ
ৣৣৡ
ȻһͷǣλζŵУһµץȥ
ֻצ߸ͬ˸ŷĺâ
ֻһ£ͽһֱΪζߣû˵ӣ۰ץһֲ˺ۡ
ֱѣѪɼ׹ǡ

ӣɫ𪣬ԼʮòΪӢȴ۾λһ۵ĵۣԵе塣
ڲ࣬һϵó˾ǵڶ̨йһ֮Եڵӣָƻ
ָƻܴǰǣʵҲʮֲ
ԭڶ̨ʱˣӣеɫԵġʱսҲƽʱɫȴһƬ࣬ʾԶ˵侲
߷
һ䣬һɫĵ֮ʱȦѣԽԽߣͷγһɫԲģ
벽Ѩ
ԭֻвԪڵʵʱֳģȴԶΣﵽһӶﲻĳ̶ȣ벽Ѩ
Ѩֻһ֮ң
ɫԲڷɵͷ֮֮󣬹âţͬһԲ飬˲ɢǧ

ǧ£ʮͷϵĺǹȥ
ЩǲΣգʱ췢һĲҺ֮μ˱ܡ
ǣǳˡ
ָƻʵڴһʱֵ̣쾡¡
ǧâͬӵħֻһ˲ͽΧͷǣɱ
󣬸ལֶȥͷǣΪ׷ˣѪһء
ЩѪûдЩǣǵķѪԡ
ͷĴ£ʣȺȻһ˻֮󣬶ξΧٵܶٶȾȻþˡ
գۣԭѾȺֻһӰ
ЩȺƺʱ˹ɴʣƻˣ֪ʲôƻ
˼״æѼ˵ĵϵƣԼ⾯䣬ŷ
Ȼ㲻ЩǵͼȻʲô£ǿĲá
ȻþĵкȺȫ֮ܶ󣬿ֲķͬɴ˷ӿ
˼ʹǷˣֲ֮£ҲЩվסһֱʹǧ׹֮ĹǿΡ
ʹҲþΪЩȺο֮ܶ󣬲ǰࡣ
ĴŸոտʼ
ž
Ѫɫ֮УȻɴܳһֲӰͷӰȻһͷ̽׵ĺǡ
ֻſѪڣɭȻ¶ֱӳȦɴҧȥ
ɴˣ⣬׼״æһУִ̧һѪɫ裬ЩѪɫ裬ڰб㱬ըγһѪɫƣ赲סͷѪɫǵĿ
Ȼ֮Ƿˡ
ͷѪɫǣȻֻһУһǹκֿܿٺˣ㿪ǴѪɫıը֮֮С
ɴΪһʱֻʱĺɫӰ֮Χͬʱҧ

ɴȣɱɫ׷ʹУڵһֻǸտʼ
ţЩǣһݳȻ󷵻أݳٷء
ǲɴȫɱȴòϵɧţƣսɴʣ಻
һȫһգȺ׷ɱҲֻ̱ڵأ׸ķݡ
ʱһоͳ䶨ǣҲֻ·һ
ģҪȫ𣿡
ɴη塣
ǣԼԼһȺʦʦȫΣյĵطȴʮ𣬺ڡ
ʱǰգΪʲôԼҪô棬ΪǵһĳȴɭʯϿ֮ϣǶôΣա
Ȼ֪ȺȺͼǣɴˣʱûʲôõİ취ֻܱȴʱ̵١
ʱĹȥԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ѽ֧
ۿٹһյʱ֣ǵķ߾Ҫױܹ˵ĵҲֵʱ䣬Ȼûã˺ۣûκκת
ȥһǡ
ڴʱȻ䣬һ߰ĳХ
Хƶʯӿ
ХӰͬٵٵ磬ٶ
ࣿ
ԮǵԮˡ

ڵӣһͬ˼Ѫһ˷һ̧ͷХķȥ
ÿ˵ĲӶ̧ߣͬסһ㡣


342 Ǹ
ʹͷɴʣƻˣҲɷ׷׾ϲ̧ͷͬڴˣһˣԡ
Ȼ䣬̧ͷ˷۵糸һɹķɫ־ɣǸǺɭʯϿ
ǴӺɭʯϿгģѣǵˣ
پ֪ųĵӣûǰɭʯϿģôֻɵĵˡ
ܴӺɭʯϿгĵӣսҲֻڵһ󡣡
ӣǣôܣ
ɴ˲ţǷʣƻҲš
ȣһǺɭʯϿ̫Σա
֪ȻţȻҲҿɭʯϿǵΧ֪ð˶Σա
ܴаȻݳҴԽһֽߵģϡ١
ѨУ򲻿ܣңʹѨӣֻҲߣѨʵʮǿ
ܡ
ڶҲҲδ̫ɺˡ
׵ȣڵӣٳںɭʯϿΧ֣Ҳء
ɴˣΪ׷Ѱһ˵ء
ôξȻҲһӵӣպڴʱ˵أ
⣬ǱͻʲôĿģ
ǴΪԼ˵źţǻ⣿
ɴȣ֪ԣȻһʼܸˣ漴ɹ
Ϊôôɣպþôһ˴ӺɭʯϿдǣǻɡ
Ȼɣתһ룬ǱʲôĿģٲܲڡ
ԣɴˣȻɻ󣬲Һ浽һ֧ӣǷʶȴûжʲôٶ
ᣬףȴʱ
ΧĺȺȴȻһˡ
ȣ࣬˵ǵˡ
ǵǱʶ֮УûʲôҲ֮
ֻСֻҪ࣬ǵУбɱ֮
Ǳ뷨һֱΧսĺٴһХ
ХϣȻһɢ󣬴зֳʮͷǣԾķ˶ȥ
˫ٶȺ֮죬գۼ㼴ʮľ˵ʯ
ܿ죬һӺǾ
Ĳ࣬ʮͷǣ۾ж¶ΪԻĲм顣
ǣΪ׵ͷǣһԾͳűǰˣҧȥ׼һٽ˺ѣȺ֡
Ȼ
ͷǣ֪кҩ֣һϡ
˭ãƫƫУʵΪǿĪ
ֻǧ֮һ˲䣬ͷǴ
漴Уһ޶Ѫ
ͷǰ棬ʵҲߵģ׼һٽĺǣڴ˲䣬ͻȻоһɼΪΣյϢ
һ㵣Ϊԥ˲䣬ͱһֻ֣ƮƮذͷ­м䡣
漴ŵӵУͷԭݣһĺǣͷ­оͱһ᲻ŵ졣
ǣ
漴ѪjѪſſޡ
顣
ͷʵﵽ̽׵ĺСͷĿͷ­ȥһˤڵأ㻬ףֹͣ
֮ϣһ޵Ѫߡ
һɱһͷ̽ͷһ֮С
ΧȺԶѷأڹսӣһʱȫסˡ
⣬ôܣ
ǿ
һڵ૵صֻҲǴﵽѨ˰ɡңѨУֻҲ϶һĴڣΪһĴڣҲ˿һͷ̽ޡ
ȴûпԼС֮УΪ׵ˣʱȴ㶼ɫһ㵣ŶԷͷµӣһ˵
˵ı飬Ҳ졣
ɴǴ㵣죬š
΢΢һ漴ȴЩϲ
еһˣָƻȴȫĿɿڴɴ˫Ŀһŵıˡ
ˣ˵֣ȴһġ
Ϊֻ֣


ͬʱڣ棬̵̫ӡ
ǣҲˣͻȻԷ֣ҺȻͻѨԼΣѵʱ̣ԽɭʯϿ
һˣԼݾȣȴʤһ

༸ŵڵӣһ֣ʮİ
ȻȻ뵽ʲôȻȵصɴ˫ĿѵǸ칤ɽֲǸˡ
ڡǸˡ˭Ѿٶ˵


343 Ⱥ
ʱѾȺȺӡ
ֻ̼䣬ɽѪȾ˵档
ССУѨԪ֣һȺյƽ׼ޣδ̤̽׵ޣʵֵѴ֮
̶Ƭ̼䣬кǾͱ¾һա
СеˣǺȺУͷߴ̽ƷѨޣҲ˫Ŀ
һ˫Σնɺ۾ߵˣ۾ð˺Ȼɱ
أ
Ȼ䣬һͷ췢һĲҺ漴кСܣȫͬһʱת򣬳ΧȻ˶ɴ˵Ĺ
״ɴȻϲǡ
ϲǣȺޣȻת˷򣬹ˣȻһԽǵ³ڼһȻǴϲ
ǵģҲͬˡ
ȺȺȻǴóΧˣתȥˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ղŵĶֱϾһȺƽ׼ޣǲ˵ʵȻǡ
Ͼƽ׼ǿҲޣ࣬СУмʵǿˣǺ׽ġ
ڣȴкǣͷߴѨڵĺһǹȥ
ȻˣŵӣϾΪǶͰǷ²ˣǷİ
գһԥʻǺܿ˾ɫʦãʦܣһѡ
Ȼԥվ壬תͷԼ˵뷨ȻΣգջ˾Ԯ
ˣȴΪʵ̫ͣƹأȥҲȴԭء
˶һۣ˵ͷһݣҪǰæ
ǶȻ֮䣬ǷɶȴƶȻסҪѨһ㣬һһӲ¶ȫţ˼֮ɫ
ΪǵҰУԭǿԱȣײг棬ȫ˸ͷ
ֻͷܵĺǰʱȴΪ׵İ¶һ˿΢Ц
û΢Цȴû˿־塣
漴Уĵ֯ľ޴⣬һ˲䣬ͽͷߴѨڵĺС
ȣȼգĴĺͻ޷ķΧ
෴ɫƤëѸٷڣŵζ۾е壬Ҳ֮Ѹȥ˾֣вš
ĺȺҲͬʱꡣ
ֻձѩư֣ˣȺȺУɱɱ
ѨԪֱ֣ȺȺɱÿ޵ڲڵȡ
飬飬顣
һ촫ձܿһͷΧһ˲壬һսƾշնһͷΧĺͷ
ѪźͰɫԽ˲ͷΪߴƽ׼޵ĺǣʱ߶ûһڷ
Ǳᡣ
һͬҶһͷĺǱһ㡣
һãͷĺԲ
һ죬ûͷΪߴƽ׼޵ޣǣƺһأҲû
ѩֶξѤˣɫˮһͷͷǳС
ˮĲϳˢϴգ⼸ͷǣһǱˮ졣
գһּܲĺ⣬׷ڷ
ưӣһ˿ܲһͷǵĶ֡
ҲýֻձרĴ򣬶Զһ
Ҫǣרձѩʱӡסûвȴûʱֶ֡
ڷʣɴƻԼʣڵУǿԭΪһߵľ棬ȷʵһߵˡ
µĲԭΪһ飬Уǿò˼飬Ѩǿ֣߳սʤĿֲڣȺ
Ժͷʱ⼸ŵӣһʱع֪ʲô˼֮¡
ٿʱΪ˷򣬲²⣬ʱ˸಻һĶ
Ѩǿߣ
ԣֹһǣ֧СУѨǿߣ⣬ôܣ
ֹڹӲţйһ֮Եŵӣɴʣƻš
ʵ
̶Ƭ̼䣬Ͼһصʬ
ͷͷĺȻֵʱһЩҲûжá
ƺ޾ĿֲǰҲֲ˶á
գȺȫ˻ɱʱܹ˲һӡ
ʱˣѾʰսʱϵѪһڵ
ֵܣֵܣþòּˡ
ߣϣҲ¶һ˿΢Ц˵
ʱ˿̣ۼ˶Է˵òȥϣټϣ˶ǵ֮һ
ԣҲǡ
˳˾Ȼйһ΢΢Ļң漴ƽ
ɴͷ˵ӣӭϣһߣһ΢Цлʦֳȡ


344 
ȻɴôҫۣȴôĬĬš
޵磬˲пᣬֻʵӢۡ
ΪʵǿԶʣɴˣԣǰҲֻгƺʦ֡
⣬ǲ
״Ҳ̹Ȼ֮

һ̸֪֮ɴɭʯϿΧԭ
⣬
ҲЩԾͬʱЩɻ󣬲û̫̽ѯ˼
ɴ˵ķ֣ǲ̽ѯȥ˶̫֡
Ȼͳ̹ͣǿжᱦ˼ˡ
ʱ˵Ķ£丵β棬һݱɳޣǿɾͲˡ
ɲҪġ
ԣҲ֪˵ز˾ȻΪ˶䲻֮ǰ˻Ǻܿ뿪
գɴϵĵлԼУȻȻֿȣ·غɭʯϿѰͷ䡣
ʣɴȣѰһ顣
ȻѰкɭʯϿΧҲδκй֮ΪһȺΣգʱ򣬿δظպһ˳Ԯ
ԣǻǺܿȥˡ
£֮˭Ҳûᡣ
Ȼ¾ᣬٳ֡

֮
ںɭʯϿ֮У޹ڷδѰҵͷϢˣһʧ뿪ʯϿ׼פȡȡͷ;С
ȴһϪߣٴθܵ˾Ϣ
ѭϢһΣΪ˾׼Լֶͬȫʩڣõ
ɣȫϲͣıҪǣ˳ԭ·ء
֮󣬻صפصˣٴʮشϢ
һǰ֮УϵĳƤ֣оյĽ취
ǾǣΪһݣھͬʱ֣ȡǧǰӡħʱ߽ǳ
ս֮УһҪأƴ۽䲼
Ȼǲʮ֧ɹСӣУһٽ䵴𣬻սһõ̫ƽ
ǳһ˵󣬾˵ǵһλ£רԸħĿֲ
Ҫ󣬰ҪѪۣһɣĳɣҲѪ
ΣΣʵ̫ԼһͻƳɹɵĺʵ̫룬Ҳò
ȻƻУҪĽ󣬾ͷδε
ֻǣγ仹δͻ֮ǰ벼õĽ֮УҲһ⡣
˭֮ˣʵ˲УֱӾͱһϢûˣ֮
ʵҲУ˻ɣԥԣʵİգ뾫׼Ҳһ⡣
ҪǣЩ֮ˣܿܽٵľ޴Σգһȥղ겻ó񣬶пҲزⶼǲǵÿ⡣
ԣ»û˼򵥡
ҪǣĲҲҪʱ䣬ýĵص㣬ҲҪ֣κεطС
Զɣ˸޷ĿѰһǡĲص㣬ҲҪѰҡ
գѰҵطв׼ãٳɹ˿ֲĽҲҪʱ䡣
Щǰؽ⣬ԹٻҪĸ֮䣬ſ׼ȫ
ʱ򣬾н
ţʱ򣬹ƾսĴսʱˡ
ĵ֮⣬Ǳɴ˷֣Ǽ⣬ȻĴԽŵΧ
˺ɭʯϿգɹ䵽ҲΧӴҹɭ֣ڸԶԶ֡
һѰ֮ǳɹǵ⣬ȻһֻӴ˵ڻӥ
ͷӥĿУʹĥѻֶΣ߲ڻһʮ־ϲĵϢ
ϴѹʮֱͲסһķ
Ⲩڰ֮ڣص㣬ڸһߵķص㣬ǾǺͱֺ
ǰ֪ϢĻǰߣһʧء
֪Ϣڶʱмһˡ
˶ԷĽʱ·ߣ·´󣬷Էǰڸ߲ǾĶȥˡ
ǣ߲ѸٰϢֶͨΣ˳ȥڸ߲һ֮漴ܿϢ
ǣܹĵıսжȴҲѸչ
ߣõϢϸģȻ֪׼ľǺͱֺһΪʵһΪ顣
ʵߣֺߣǺ
ʵ˵ǺλʮҪĵشڱұ֮أӴȡõĳɾ
壬ǡǡ׼֮
Ϊϵڴ˳رԴֻɳСɾӣƣ֮󣬴󲿶ֱ˱ֺһֲ
ֺǡǡ෴Ʋۣʵȴֱܲפء
һռ˴˵أܴӴˣֱפأܲ˵Ȼҷ
˾٣ڶסʺԣ˵ελʮҪԶھǺ֮ϡ
֪Ϣ߲Ȼһң漴߷һٿʼ˽ܹĵıսж
һΣΪͻѨλǣ߷飬ǴҲ֮Ȩ
һΣΪ¹شȨ治֪ʲôǣȻҲ֪ͨμӡ
ǵһΣʽμ˵߷顣


345 飬ս
ȻҲ֮һԴμӣû
֮һݣҲͬ衣
Σȴһˡ
ΪУһĵĹأڣʵҲһġ
ǾǣѨվ󣬵λٳߣҲû㡣
еĳȨĳֵλҲͬӡͻѨӡ⿪¾ȫһˡ
Ѩ磬Ϊ۷һȺս
ȻѨҲֳк۷ľǣϾѾˡ
һԡ
ѨϣΪųϣִ£֮Ȩ
ѨڣڣΪͨϣִ³ϣӵһӰ
Ѩ۷壬Բ߷ʵȨϣһ
벽߷̫ϳһ
Ѩ۷֮ϣʵѾӵмʵȨܶ飬һԶ
ѨԲ벽Ҫ˵
Ƿɣ
ǹء
ǵȼ
ӣֲ̫һ
ӣΪᣬԣʹͻѨҲʵȨģΪиߵʣиδֵ
޵УһĵĹأǾǣʮ֮ϣûͻѨڣôʹǱѾԶݣΪִ£ϡ
ʮ£Ƕӷ룬ͻƷ򣬿һֱݡ
Ź㣬ṩҩԴȫͻơ
ʱڣʵȨ뷱ӵֻҪһȺˣصĶ
ΪǴŵδ
ȻҲѡҵְ߳£˺٣һѡ
ҪҲΪ̫ˣ˻ʦãҲֻһ˶ѡ
Է帱ƶû˵ָʵѡ
ˣ֮ǰһԪӣΪ߷ϵ᳤֮һŻִԸܡ
ڣͻѨѾǲˡ
Ȼǵ׵Ĵڣô߳ȥôۡ
ˣҲĬϣʸ񣬲߷飬δķ룬ơ
ԣȻ֮Ȩʵ̫ͣԾɲ˵Ȩѡ
Ȼ
飬£Բʯһλãͬ
ˣ߷ӦԴ˴ı䣬ԴǲʱҲȫѻų⣬ûһһС
ԴˣҲϣںֻԶԣȴķ룬
һҵ̶֣գ½ΪȻ˵ķҪǱֺǺҲȫԷһ
ԣɳ壬֧Ԯֺ壬ǰǺ
Ȼ֪ǰǺģ̫ΣԽС
ֺһӲ̣ʱ˱ڡ
۷׷֮߷ͿʼǰǺʸ֮һԣʸᣬԱų⡣
˶ΪûãȻҲܰǰǺ׵Ĳǲ
ˣһ֮󣬾Ǻ浤á
콣ٻʥ٣ǲǰֵֺ
콣þǺʸ񣬶Ƕȥˣƾʣ¼С壬סǲ롣
Ȩǿѹ֮£ʣԸʴǰֺҲûʲô취ˡ
˾֮󣬾߷սѡˣ嶼ҪѡΨ壬ֻһˣսҲóսҲͲҪѡʲôˡ
Ȼζֱϯֻ֪ͨʱ伴ɡ
ǣֱ뿪˻ֻ֮صСʯݣĿ
ĵΪչɿ죬ӰѾӰСɣӽɵĵزˡ
ʮҲѵ˵УУֻûгţֻһԲ
ΪѴﵽѨ۷壬ֻһͻƵѨڡ
Ѿоĵƣڱ֮ˡ
ԣԸ˷ʱ䣬ץһлᣬŬȡǰֺս֮ǰ硣
ʱٴսԱʵһ֡

һ飬գվ۱ճҲ˵˵ʱ䣬һʮһ졣
ʮһУ߲ݣڣڵҹδ֮ʣɹͻѨڣʵ
ŵһȦһȦתѨתԽǿ׳׳΢΢һЦ̧ͷųĳԽš
ΪǿӰʮҲ֮ˮɵģԶĹؿӰɣԲ
ƷڳɹΪܵһݡ
д˴αֺ֮УԲ࣬ȫࡣ
ʱٴιȥڣֹ֮߷սԱȫⶨڵһ죬Ҫˡ
߳ʯ֮⣬Ļ㳡֮ȥȴųʱ̡


346 ǰ
֮
Ѫ޻ԭ֮⣬ޱߵıֺڣһɫĶǰ
˴ɣǱֺڵĴͷ֮һ
һ£Է裬ͷƮ絴Զ
ձѩˣûиԵȥͬĵط
Σ߷ԳзΧСӶɢ˴ֻһˡ
Ϧ¡
õĽƣճɸɫĻƣٺɫĹâϣ飬ȴԴһ˿ɻ󣬻в⡣
ֺڣѾʱˣȻȴƺԼģҪһֹ
ͷ׿еõϢȻҲİ
ȻҲ֪νϢΪ棬ô˿̵ıֺӦսŶԡ
Ȼ֮ŷ֣ȻҲУֻСɵġ
Ĵ󲿶ӣЩǿڣȴûг֡
ԡ
ͷһԼ֮ڵջɺһƬ಻ԭԭϣǰΧɱɱʬ壬ɫȴûе⣬信
棬һ⡣
Ȼ뵽һܣв͵ؾһ૵ãǺΣգ
ʱ뵽ʵ˶ûԤϵͷѵףϢȻǼٵġ
֮ڣҲҡ
֪ʱʵᣬ׶ԸԹɽʹһԯ֮ƣĴ󲿶ӣֺ
ͷ֮룬ץסǵļı
ҪģϢֱֲָפصıֺҪءǺ
һһʵʵʾ
ɫ䣬֪浤˴ʱΣˣºԥһһ֧Żϣڰըһ޴ġΣ֡
ڴ˵ֱͣתĲԭȥ˿һֱָ̣Ǻ
Ǻֺ֮Լǧ֮ңʹʱٶȣûʱ䣬ҲԸϲȥ
ʱѾ㹻㹻ˡ
ԣŲɵļ


һ·֮ϣСϳ֣ǰȻ˿ͣǿɱǿ
Ѫһ·չǺķҲԽԽ
ǣƺҲϵˣǿ߲Ԯһ·϶ر
ԽǿǺõıԽǿԽ
ҲǳˣʱӰʮ˴ɵĵزΪǡͻѨڣʱʵǣ緢ʱ
ͼžǳපצӰָѨ֣֮һܶԸ˵ֶΣʹ˳
ʵڲУԶԸĵ֣ӡ֮ͫɱڣ֮ϵ˾Ǻ
һŵޱȲҵζ
Ǻһ淽Բľ޴εɫÿһϣƺǧǹԾʤգоǺ
Ȼ˿̣ԭʧ˵صʬ壬ģҲ޵ģࡣ
Щ࣬ĳɫ浤ĻɫΣԶ࣬٣ҲԶޣȻڴˣ˷ʮֲҡ
ѪѪ޾Ѫζֱıǿ֮Уɵɫһ䡣
Զһɽ屻򴩣¶Ŀļ峤ϣһЩ߼Ĵս
ŵһɿµϢǹϢ֣ޣȻαڵĴڡ
൱Ѩĵӡ
ڣǸǷĴڡ
ϢȻڣҲʮֽӽˣ϶һͷﵽڵĿ´ڣѹߣ֮ܵҡ
ļ٣Ҳ֪ԼѸķĸֲûУǲ֧Ԯ֪ʱѾȲˡ
֪ʣµӣȥ˶ưû£
һ·Ŵսĺۼǰأһɽ֮󣬿һ˸߲ʹâ󷨡
Χ˳ǰ̵ĳ乥ȥ
߲ʹâ˸ԽԽȻҲ֧Ų˶ˡ
һСɽ֮󣬳â֮пȥͼԼʮλɫɫͬεڳϣӣС
ЩˣɫҰܣѪɫǱ벻Ϻʹע뵽ֵС
Уһλߣֳһ̣󷨣˼ֵڡ
Ҳֲ˶ˣΣڵϦ
ɱ
ûԥ׼֮һݣ˾jɱȥ
۾һһɫĻ⣬׵ڿգ¡¡


347 콾
̷׻콵
Ļ⣬һ˲һȺмӿһգۼ䣬мʮͷΪ˸š
䣡
գԭµһɴ̱ǵĳζ⼸ʮͷƺ߶ûзһۡ͡һյɢķѡ
ӰҲ漴־һͼž˳ȥһͷмԴббնɡ
һ󵢸飬һ֮Ҳ漴Ӧ˹ŭķһ󡰺󡰺һ볯ӿ
Ȼ壬ὣӣһ·ƥǧš
֮һͷͷеͽѩ˲·һ㵹£߲ʹâҲԽԽ
˴ʱҲ赲
ৡ
ֿȻ䣬ͷϢӴ󣬲ĴȻԾǰ

мţ
ô
һݣɫȴȻ壬Ųͣӿٶȣ˻һ磬ٳȥ
පצһʽ޼䳤顣
飡
ͻѨԺһצֱ˲仯ɫƬɲ
ͷţûзӦ֮ǰץǵԺһ
ƳݺһɫҺ֮ɳȳ̱ǣʱȴȫ˲Щ
Ϊͷţ漴˸Σ
ͷмĻ䳯Χͷ䣬飬֮޾
ЩΧ˸ʵʵ׷׳Ͷɺ޵Ŀ⡣
Ҫɱȳ߲ʹĻеˣ췽ҹ̸
ڴԾһ˲䣬ԼؽΣԵѣӦԡ
ҪģǷɢ߲ʹĻĹӳ߲ʹĻάֵʱ䣬ȴԮĵ
ţȻԼܸоԣˣҲԲɵӡ
֮ǰһʱûвŻУһȥ˱ֺоԣ϶ǰǺԮ
⣬ǵĻᡣ

ԡѪƴɱİΧá
߲ʹĻУЩе峤ϣӣҲ׷׿ĵ
Ԯ̫ˣ
ôֻһλ
ǰԮ˶ǴϲѾڴ˵ʱˣѵڵ͸֧Ѿ֧š
ûԮǰǹٹһʱҪƷ󷨣ȫûˡ
ֻһǰֶɥȥ
һʲôãһӣǿҲֻܶӳһʱ䣬ƽһ
һҲã˵ڲȫǱд˵ġҲԣ˵ǻоȡ
˵
ǵȻҲףƾһˣܾգܶһʱ䣬˵ܵȵԮ󲿶ӵĵʱǾоˡ
ĻС
ɫãУм˵ıȴ⾪ϲЩǡ
⼸ˣһӣ൶ѺѣԼ浤嶥ӣ޻ڡѩ÷ڵӣưֵȡ
Ƕʶ֪ʵȻȱ˶ġ
Ҳˣңһ棬ΧսҲɵİΣĲѡ
ǸսȻΪһҲûѡ˭û뵽ȴĶƣֱ̤һȦס
Ǽϻ໤һ·ԡѪսʧʮѨϺ󣬲ŽǴ˴ϿУݵطأ˵ѾȫɥΧ׷½֮ˡ
ˣҲֲ˶á

û뵽ξȻļƣǻڲ
ȺУһ浤峤ϣŭһߵһʯŭɫ
ǺʸΪĺô
˭û뵽ЩģδƵޣȻҲ˶ƣ찡
ʵʵ飬һߴֲʽŵ˴ܡ
˵峤ϣѴ̡
һΣ壬浤ʧʮλϣڣӣʣµһƲҰܡ
ǰδе裬Щӵĳϣִ£צģԾβѣôҲ޷ԭԼ
ΣһҲסʹû£ҲԾһӣͷںޣԶҲ޷ѡ
ΣЩһҪסǵҲҪǣӴȼҲϧ
浤峤¶ɫȻ߶˽ӴԴԴϵȼգӿȵİɫע߲ʹĻγɵĻ֮С
ԭ᧿ΣĻ߲ʹâȻһȻ»ָ˼ơ
Ҳǳ֮ơ
Ȼһʱ֮浤峤ϵȫĵͬ˥һȦҲͷŲĵ߲֮ʹĻȻһ״ϲǼӽ˹ơ
ۿٹϢ߲ʴҪȫȥҲ־¾ĳʱʱӴϢǳգɱ
Ҷף
һڣһϣ̣ʮӰɶڰգͷŭ
źʮ˾Ƶһʱ֮䣬ңҲû뿪Ӱ˵һԣ̧˹ȥ


348 ۹
ʮӰԾٶһԿþˣһͳгȥ
һֱŵģҲ³һ
ˣ
֪ЩԮҲԲܣһôðʧͳȥ
ţ˶ᱻɱΣվˣѹӦ֧Ԯ
ڵȡ
Ȼᡣ
ңڱȵˡ
ͷǧһΣ
Щٲ߲ʻе˼ֲסҲ쵽ֲ֧סļˡ
ң
ûΪð˼գºݾԮĹͣԣҪͷ
û߲ʹͱƣʹº˸Ҳ޲
ԣݡעĵֵãĵˡ

˵һ̧֮ͷʮȥȻ֣ʮˣʶá
ʶãй
һ϶̣һڣǰոɫ֡
һ϶̣صˣʥٷʫ˪紵ѩ裻콣Ӧѩ飻ٻ塰ȸᵶԪ˼˭˲ʶƷɣȡ
ǧʫ˪紵ѩ裬һǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ȸᵶԪ˼˭˲ʶƷɵȣԲ˵ǳϤ
һߣΪڣʥս½ӣѨڵġܾ֡
ڣΪȻѾﵽѨжΣƿɲ
ԭǶӰϣԭڰ˵Ĵڡ
Ű֮ǰͻƷΪϣӶӰг
˳λһλڳΪ˶Ӱߣ׿
ˣˣҲӷΣģֱǡ
嶥ӣݹʥ֡ڣʥһ⡱ǧһǧ񾩣Լһû뵽֮ˡ
ԭڵӰһֶӰƽ̶
ڣʥԲ˵롰ܾ֡һܾȻоˣȻҲ⡣
һǧҲͬƷĵط
˶ǺŽĶӣԨԴȻǳϤеĻп̹ǵĳޡ
һˣһ⡱ǧ˵һͬΣѡ
Σļ֮һǵѣĵһӣ൶Ѻѣ浤Ķӣ޻ڡѩ÷
Ըо֮ҲĿ죬֮£ƼΪ
Ψһˣ벻һЩȣ𶯣Ĥݡ
ˣԭڵӰһڵĶӰƽ̶
ǵһӱĵӡ
Ҳֱ뿪ڵļƵӣ裬ڣʥڵӰһλá
ҲͻѨɹΪ塣
ǰ壬̶裬ڣʥ֮⣬⼸ˣ˵ӣƷɣ񾩣ӦѩȣһһͻƣΪ壬һڣΪǹ貵һ졣
꣬е顣
ò˵һ漣
һУ̶ڵʱ⼸ˣȴûһ΢
ʹΪӺˣһԶԶİں档
ƽ̶һֱһķš
͡һĸ֣ȴȥڶУӵ塣
ĳַ˵ʸ߾ߵһȻ漣ǣлᡣ
ƽ̶ͨ˵ӣȴߵزΨ֣̿ࡱѡ
ò
ʱֻһϮƮƮԴɣᣬ˫Ŀȴһ̶ˮס
ûгֻ˫ʮָӣһɫĽ·ˮŷ
֮ڶȫϢΪ룬Ȼûһһ֮С
ʡ
֮⣬⼸ˣҲС
Ӧѩ飬ʫ˪裬Ʒɣ񾩣ڣʥһ⡱ǧܾ֡ȸᵶԪ˼ȣƵܿ죬ͽЩѹơ
أ߲ʹĻ˿ᣬ۾һɴ೷˹Ļ׷ɱ
ӦϣһȺޣϾǿҲ޶ȣգ̶Ӧѩɱôܡ
һʱ֮ԭ´Ƭʬ壬ǱӣڣʥȻ׷ȴĻ߳һ׷߸赲סˡ
οؿһˣһֵĪ׷ģֻһݣʵڷϻѴҶȥ۹ͣҡ
˵ʮһһۣڵΣѡξӢСӣȥִһ񣬿ܣǶлᡣ
ڣҷڰɣ
ǣ
˶ϳΪ浤ڴ˵ʵȨ֮һкڣҲ߷֮һ
˵Ļû˸ҷղͷóһ̣߲ʹ赲޵Ľ˿̣壬浤ӣѾڴһУȫû
ԣĻ˻Ǻͬġ
һˣżӣһ·Уפطٶ
գصפء
ˣˣȫ뵽ãһ䲻⿪ŵܴ֮УȺ
һһ£ɫ߷ϣٽɱȨ棬Żɱһһ̤߽õĴչǰվ
Ŀʮһϣһһӹ˵ͷҡҡͷ֮еգһʱЩൽš


349 
ǲŭൽЩŵƣһʱΪ֮壬⿪˵
յʱ֣ٽɱȨĿŴջأ΢ͳľǶˣ
ǡ
˶Ĭû
ΣһڣԪˣڣҲ٣ܵЩʧ
һУͷӥ˵
Ȼ˵Ϣģӥıɢģغģȴ
ϣţѴ̣ʱ򣬿϶ҲҪ⼸һ͡
Ҳѹ֣Ϊڴ˵ص߸ˣٽɱȨ˿̵ɫҪѿжѿˡ
˵ǽս֮ϣеһܣңǣ㡣

ٽɱȨһ̧۾ĿתһȦ漴ͷ£ϲ֮ҵԻḺ޹ء
˵꣬Ĭ˰ΣٴοڵϣǶúܺá
Ϊǣ浤壬űһûг׸ǿδ֮󹦣ֵ¡͡
ԣˣͷһȡ
ǵȻ֪飬ͲСȴ֪Ž飬Եεȳ̶ȡ
ڡٽɱȨĻŶǵ̬ȣеĸ¡أӡ
ΣǧԮɹȣŶǲ۲۵Ĵ󹦣˭Ҳ޷Ĩȥ
ΨһĲ𣬾Ϳ⹦ͣ׼ֵ١
ٽɱȨһ£ֱӿ˵棬ŵľ
ǡ
ˣɫһ࣬˲Ӷվֱࡣ
һ⣬һϵҲΪ㣬ϵͬԮʹ帲۹һ
ɹʮαһߣ֮󣬿ֱȥһȡ
ǡ
ɫһϲվ׵ġٽɱȨһȥ
˵ʮɹԼαףʵ֮
ʮɹѰƷපצʽȫ´ࡣ
ʣµģ㹻ȥһһЩϡݣϴ裬ʵ
ߣһ㣬ͿԶһһֱһȴһʱòôɹĶһһƷ䣬ˡ
Ʒ䣬߽׻ü֮һľ֮ǰûᣬлᣬȻŹ
Թ߽׻ü֮һǿܣ߽׻þ֮ϵĵһŻüڴ
αףҲʮҪ
αףȻȲҲһαǿˣֵߡ
ڣ̽һЩΣյĵطһЩɱߴֲ⧲ĹܸãݵӦˡ
Դ

ʮȥ֮󣬾Ϳʼ˼ǵ;ˣ֮ȴ̲סۺĿһۡ
ڣʥܾ֡Уβסļʣһ˿ӡ
˵˵õĽԽãʵԽߣǣԽвԽҪȥĶ
УȻӹһ٣ҵˡ
פأǲһӵ񣬳棬Ǿлᡣ
ǣֻȴ
ˣȻĽҲûжЩӦõģĹ֮󣬵ȷ޷⡣
ΪǰȣǶԼĽҲʮڴ
ܿ죬ٽɱȨ˵Ľһһʮ˻һϵʹ൱Ψһǰɱ޵ȽףĲͬеѡ
Ӧѩ飬̶ߣһ˶ʮɹһα
󣬾ʫ˪һ⡱ǧݹʥ֡ڣʥܾ֡ȣһʮɹһ벽
裬Ʒɣ񾩣Ԫ˼ȣΪʵϵͣɱ޽٣õĽҲ٣һʮɹһ벽
ˣ˵ҲǽԴϲʮ˷ܣ˵ԭأʼĬĬ˼ҪЩɹõʲô棬õԼʵ
ٽɱȨ汨˵Ľ֮ȴûȥɫٴһ࣬󣬿Ļϲʮһˣؿ˵һ£Ҫ֪֪ͨϤ
ţ£
ˣԳУԽԲɫһ䣬Щ֡
תÿˣ˼΢ȴǶʱ뵽˼֮ǰ֮ʱ浤ϣ쵤˵ĻΣѡξӢСӣȴִһ˵Ƕзݡ
뵽ʱ쵤Ǳˣʱ̲סͷһݣѵйǸص񣿡
ʲôҪ֣ԣŪأ
ˣͷЩõԤС


350 ϡ
ȨŲϵı飬ԹԵ˵ȰοǾ档
ΣգеλҪе
Ƕһ첻ĵӣ֮ܣһʱɾͣɴ⡣
ڵĥѣ۷ĥʯԲȴǰֻǰ
ҡ
˵һۣЦ˵ƾˣδһѡأԣҪ˿ɥһű顣
˵꣬˵˴˴ΰڸ߲ⶨؼƻ
ڼŴһ²ʱѰңѪǰһȻƽԭСԭ
սҪս֮һʬӯҰѪǧ겻ɢģγһأݲ
Ҳˣǲôˡǳ󡱵ѵص㡣
Ҫǣԭλã̫Ҳ̫Զ
ʱͷ׼ڵ棬кܴļʲɣֱӱ룬Ӷִнɱ
ڣֲߣϾ˵ֻһ£ͿʼΧ壬Ӷ´
ʱһڣǳ󣬱ضɹʱ򣬾սսʼʱˡ
ڸ߲㣬һߴ󷨵벽ѨǿߣȺڲ࣬ս׼һٵ춨ʤ
ͳˡ
˭ȥյ
ʵ̫ǿ˲У̫ǿˣͷ׼ľϵ
ҪǣǱУһֱ֣ȫΧˣΪػ޷ͷߡ
̫ҲУ̫ˣֱӱһ͸ˣյ
ԣȥִˣʵ벻ֲͣǲľ߷ΧڣΪֿ
ҪǿĹ´һֱǳģ߲ʤ
ԣҹ֣ϳƤ˾
һǲµĵǰȥ
ԭ
һһӣᣬðգѪִĲѡ
УЩٮٮߣʵǿߣҪǣǵͣͳΪõƷ
ǱУ巢֣Ҳ᲻Ϊ⣬ֻһֻӬɹ벻Ŀ꣬Գɹļʽϴ
ҲҪһԭǣҲǾ޵磬δһδѡΡ
˭ܴӱɶΪӢۣõĽ˵ǽķչҲӵĪĺô
⣬ǰڸ߲ܾ˵ġ
ԣں߲㣬ŴϾһɳеٮٮߣȥִռƻ
ԱҪǣʵѨϣʮ£ʮ嵽ʮ֮䡣
֧СӵĹģľʵ㹻ֲױ֡
㷢֣Ҳ̫⡣
ԣȨ棬ˣټһҪԭ
ҲεΧ֮ڣԣȻҲɳǵĵӡ
ֻǵ˭²û׾¾
ԣڸ߲һѡֻѡˣ֧صСӣȥִΣնֳҪԵ
ѡĴŽɳ
ɳɳԽѡǿߡ
󣬸ѡĲԱ岻һʮһҲпܵġ
Ȩ˵ʮδһл֧Сӵԭ
Ȼ
Ȼ񣬶ΣðűǰУһȺѨȥִ׼񣬼Ǿһ
ԣȻнңʮ־޴Ľ
Ȩ˵УǰִˣֻҪŻ۳ɲɹٶжʮɹĽ
һɹʮ
ң˵ÿ˵ĵޣޡ
УʣӳҪãճɹͷ׼УɱȫӲԱһЩ֣׼ϡƷ
ЩϡƷУйǧɹƷƷ䣬д˵鵤ƷϣƷµĿꡣ
Щ꣬ǿʵëϴ裬̥ǵĲҩ
֮⡭Ҫһǡ
ھִԱһȨޣǰڵڹƷţŵһ㣬ǲһΡ
ܲ򵽶٣Լǣֻԣܿɹ󣬶˵޼۵ġ
Ʒţ
½ϣмУƷ˳Ϊһŵļ̳ˣߣĹѫ򣬻лӴ
ڣЩӣԭǾûлᴥģ˴ΣΪ񣬾ȻһθĻᡣ
ֻһˣҲˡ
һʱ䣬ˣ۾ȻĶ
Ȩ˵ȻǼΣգ֮Σ
ǣЩ֧Сӵȴֱü󣬼˴ͷҪ롣
˭ܵõҪɳ񡱵ˡ
һʱ֮䣬ܵһ󼱾ĵ⡣
Ϊһ𣬲ǲͬŵӣǶ˶֡
ô˭ãֻпǸԵԼֶˡ


351 ɳжϣ
Ǻǡ
Ȩ΢ЦĿǡ
֮ǰ˵ʱ֪Σգ˶ü
һ֪̺󣬽ջķȻŨ˵زǧɹƷƷ䣬һЩ˵ҩݡ
ҪǣиһݵƷŵĲȨ
һʱ䣬˭Ҳ޷ƽ
⣬Ǳ
ֻҪԴҰĵˣ޷֮ȻΪһΣһҪлᣬͲ֪Ƕ꣬һӶˡ
Ȩüͷһͨ뺣׼ʱ䣬֮󣬳֮⣬⼸ˣҲͬͨԵǰȥǻϡ
Σһѡɳ˶ʮӣμɳжǵĴʦ֣ʦ봨ȣЩֻ˵û֣Ҳ롣
ǵѶȣСԸҪŬս
ˣϻ˵ףǶѡУȻǲܵ飬Ϳǵˡ
ȻΣգҪ˳ģھͿҵͿͨʡһ

˵Ц˳ѡˣϲ㣬ҲĮӶԴԺ󣬽ٲκԴбһЩҪƷҲǿˡ
ԣؾ֮ϸҡ˵꣬˫Ŀ䣬һһӹ
ȻĻȴһʱá
˭Ҳû㿪˵
Ц
˵˱ͲԸ˴õĻᡣ
Ը⡣
Ȩ󱥺⣬вĻκˣҲ˵κһܾ֮ˡ
ԣգ˶ͷĬ˲μӣ˭Ҳûп˳
Ҳףǰ˴Ÿ߲㶼ҪעҪжʤߣӱپһţǳΪ콾Ķ
ߣɹϣڳϣһһ޷ѣĨȥʹܹҲҲûʲôõ³
Ĵ£¹أÿ˶ӦΣǧգñһʱ
ʱˣڱ˵Ӱ֮¡

˶ͷĬȨ״һЦܺãȻͬˣôôˡ֮Ǵ˵ǳС
ǡ
еӴӦһ漴׷׸ȥԻصԼʯݣ߱չأ׼һЩ֮֮ǸֶΣԼʱڣþƾơ
ڣʥܾˣĻϲɳһʮΣգܿЩ콾ܼ򵥡
ǣǵĻᡣ
ҲһлңǾͿԽˣĨĵĸ󻼡

֪֪룬Ҳûзϡ
Ǹǻǻ㲻ȻҪģ綼Ҫ
Լ£׼Լ׼ɡ
һУˮͣ˶ѡ

ڻصԼʯ֮ǰȥһ˶һ
ȰԼе쵽֡
ʮɹһαס
ʮɹһʾ޴֣ȷ룬ȰԼǷȱʽƷපצĵġʽһ
ʽѪ֣ʽ̻걬
ѪֵĶһ۸򣬲̻걬ֲһʽǰ
ʮɹһ롣
ǣУԽǵҲţʮɹһֵá
֮⣬ʣµʮɹûԥһȥһЩԼϴҪƷ֮󣬽öԼһֱҪȴ᲻ùϵƷ䣬֡
ļֵʮһΣҲΪ񣬴Ѫˣһһеĸֵ
񣬹ƿ϶ҲûˣɹҲá
ԣһΣ޺ڵĶһһУغңغ
ֻҪʯڣŲյֵපצʽԼ߽׻þһˡ

ʱһһȥתۼ䣬ʱ͵
Ӧѩ飬ڣʥȣͬһʱ䣬Ŷ̫΢΢۾
ʱĿޱչأȻҲ̡
Уʮ˼ǲһЩ̥ǵı仯ԼǣһߵǰϣϵľʣԸо˲ͬ
۵ľǣϵϢԸǿˡ
Ȼ죬Ӧѩ飬ڣʥ裬񾩣Ʒɵȣһûš
ҲԼȫһ˶ԼƷУܿޣŬ֮ǰȫѹեԼǱܡ
ڣⷬĽˣƺոȻһ¡
Ҫ飬ڻʱҪսȥܼ÷
ɳжȻһս
뵽ȴ˵󼸴󶥼ⶥӣ봨ģƺЩСϣҲһһȥ˼ЩǣЩС
һӿĴۻᣬֹЩˣţĵӣ࣬ǿ
ÿˣ˵Ǽٵģģ˷ܡ


352 ɳжУ
ڼΣգȴ˷ⳡƼʻ㣬ư꣬ǧ궼ѵһʢᡣ
ÿˣĪΪʢеŪ

ڣʥܾˣȻվԶԶģӵĶһۣ˶Է޵ɱ
Ȼǲ㷢һǣ߻ʵԶټϴٸӵ£˫Ҳѿƣսһ
ԣж˲ͬ˻ֻҪרӦԼ񣬶ԣȴͬҪԿߣĿɱ
¡

Уջ񣬳ɾͣϲ˵ġ
ȣǳපצʽѪֺͲ̻걬Ȼɣ٣һŵӡЩģĿǡ
ֻҪټʱգǰǵʱ֮ڣܽ䳹ײ͸ٴﵽСɵĵز
ȻҪﵽɾ磬ô׵飬Ҫͻƽ뻯µҪõʹã飬ʵܣȱһɡ
ԣ׷ģҲǶʱڵСɣֻҪʱܽó㹻
Ѫ֣һһ٣ת֮䣬ƻ仯Ѫ֮ɫ᲻ɴݡ
һ֮䣬ɴ͸ҴſµѪɷ֮ͬǧʬɽѪ֮ɱ
ľ֮ˣһ֮£ʽûóͱ־ֻ׸
ǳපצĿ£Ѫ֣Ϊɱ֮һȻԣͿµ
һʽ̻걬ӿɲ
һʽ΢õһЩ귽ӹĪ⣬һ֮䣬ܻζƣڽӴ˵˲䱬ըӳ춯ص
ʱԾ˵꣬޵ֱ侫ʶµɱС
һʮĪ⣬ʹʱҲֻ˵ͨһ飬˸ŵķʵ飬Ҫһʱ䡣
ҲˣʽЩͨʽЩң̣֮С
ҲǳපצرһŰƷò˳Ƶұԭ
ΪⲢǵеĹһλһͷǿаħռЩ⣬Щ졣
ʹһЩ߲㣬පצĴҲüͷȥѧ
ԣʹƽһЩлᣬҲ˻ȥһûѧϰѡ
ԣʮǿצȴ֮߸󣬾ɳ֪û
ҲһĻᣬ֪һ˳ѡ

˳පצʽʦý߽׻üһʽˡ
˵͵ʽЩơ
߶йܣ𣬲ͬ
ϵһǸϵУóһϵ巽֮ƣľϷƱңˮΪᡣ
֮Уߣһϵϵ÷

֣ϹޣߣҲ˵롣
ô˵ʺڷһϵԡ
ҪȻҲҪһöƷϵ䣬Ϊˡ
ǰûϵ䣬Ȼ޷ѧϰڣȫȻһˣֻ˶̶죬ͽš
֮Сɡ
֣ʽƺ͵ʽʮƣкܴĲͬ
֮ģֹֻӳʵһڷģ˺£֮ڣѹռ䣬սɱܡ
ҪĿģǹԣһһĻü
ͬ
һķҲͻüֻҪ֮ڣУߴûе·ߡ
ҪôҪô
ֻǡ߱κһ㹥֮ܡ
Ҳˣġ壬Ū˼᲻ɴݵĵزһеˣŽѹԵʵܣ򣬶һĪչֻģ߻
еʱã
Ȼʱİа빥ʵãͿʱԵĳˡ
һڴ߽׻üĵڶʽҲΪֹΨһûѧɣͷһʽˮиˡ
Լȫͬһ⹥ԵĻüʮǿһѧɣ˵սᱶ
ΪҪѧϰҪõˮ澫һֱҲޣ˵û˵ҲֻʱβȴԺĻˡ

ѧе˻ϡ
ʹԡݹʥ֡ڣʥ롰ܾ֡󶥷ӻ򰵵ĵ⣬ɱҲû̫ϡ
ܿ죬ٽɱȨӰ֣һ۾òȻͬˣƺ̶գ˶һĽʱ̲ס˵ͷЩο
Ҳûж໰ֱһ֣ڵС
ǡ
һľ޴㳡ϣѾһҹ·ﾲȴ˵Ľ١
ʮһϷۣڣ·ۻפϿڿն
󻮹һӰԶʧ


353 ɳж£
ͷϵĹ·۽нԶ·һµ̵ϣٽɱȨ̧ͷĬȥ
һﲻ¡
⼸³Ҳȫһˣֱ۷ʧ̲ס૵ص˵ǻɹ𣿡
Լʱˡ
֪Ӧûɡ
Աߣһ³ϿڵЩԥȻȷ
Ȼڴʱȴվǰ̵ϣٽɱȨͷһۣһӦûᣬһᣡ
ţ
˶һŲһ졣
䣬ûʮȫʮ飬һС£Ҫãʮ֮ѣοΣش顣
;ϸΣȷĶ̫࣬˵һɹĳɣɵĳɹʣ㲻
ȻʱٽɱȨ˵ȴһɹΪʲôƶ
һȨ˽ʱҲüͷʵʦ֣ô˵Īʲô˲õĸ߼
ʳ߼ʱȻҲɻȻΪһУһȥһɹ
Ǻǡ
ٽɱȨЦһؿһۣĬΣſڵʧˣˣ
һ٣ٴοڵԣǣһҪɹǲǻʧܣ񣬱ɣ
һҪһ᣿
һ㶣ΪȨĴԲѶеЦ͵أĻȴ޲ɫһ䣬ĬȻ
ǰһҪ
Ҫʧˣ֮Уһ൱ˣ
ʹǼǿߣҲ⡣
֮䣬ֻһؾ磬ʵ֮磬Ǽ֮Ĳ
ʹ˴󷨵֣ҲδͷĶ֡
ǳɹˣ໹δϣ
ԣȨĻشǣǻ᲻ᣬһҪ
һ֣Ѿ˵һС
ǻŻˣʹţⳡսվʤʧˣˣʱʧܣҲûκˡ
˵ѡֻ
ǣһҪŻ
˿̣Щǣ̧ͷŹ۷ȥӰ۾УҲɴһ˿֣أһ˿¡
ǣƲʮˣȴţδ
˲ò֣أò¡
Ҫ޵磬ȴҪϣЩδɵСϣǱ㲻ɲóأ¡
á
á
УƺŵʹϢ˭Ҳûٿ˵ֱ·۶ʧһ֮ãʱվ֮׵ġٽɱȨŻعͷһۣޱص߰ɣҲȥɡ
£ھֻеȴȴڸ߲㣬һϢԼ
ǣҪģȻȥΪ֧ԮǵĴ
ڣˣȥȫ濪ս׼ˣҪиľ򡣴ܣ˭⣡

ʮ֮ʱֻ꣬ص
۷ɵϿʱпˣվڷ۾ͷңԶ̲ס겻ѡ
뿪֮ʱͬٴȻľݣλȫȻͬ
һλЯҫм񣬸ľġ
ңҲǵǸСԪСӣǳΪ޵ʽ֮һѾɳΪѨУС
֪飬ͫˣôˣ
ǴΣ뿪ձѩãͻѨع飬ֻһֱʧܣԭء
ͫΪҲͻͽѴﵽԪڸ߶Σڲ֪ǻԪ۷弫ޣѾһαżͻѨ
һΣ׼ĵĵȥǼ档
Ϊ粻ˣͽգΪԼġ
Լʤʧܶգգ֪ϢʱһЩһЩ
ڴģصĸ
׼ǿӸǡ
߰ɣ
ڣ·۵˵˵ͷ漴ټʻŹ۷۴Ͽ뿪
ˣûͣ
ΪΣֻаϲ֪ˣҲֻľӢ
ԣˣǱ˹ҲǺ£͸ļϸǰԣˣˡ
˭ʸ֪Ͳġ
գ·ԽϿգٷһһҹڣ֮ǧطһƫƧϿȣͣ
֮ǰŵӣټһЩŮϵĵط
ҲִɳĿʼ㡣
Ҫô
ۻ½һƬϿգ֮ϣʼݣһݣֱƬ֪ܶľ޴ľִһ࣬૵ص
Ҳ֪ʽĿ飬ڿʼˡ
ڣټΣֵЩأҲʼڴ


354 ڿգһ
̶Ӧѩ飬ܾڣʥȣ֡
漴ʫ˪ǧѩ÷񾩵ȣҲһ¡
ڣֵˡ
һͬģС紵ѩ裬˭˲ʶƷɣȸᵶԪ˼൶Ѻѵȣһˡ
Ϥһһϯӣ൶Ѻˡ
˱Ͼǹѹͬ飬΢Цһ£Я¡
ԣһѡγĵӣ֮ܳǰжп˴ֵĵӡ
ԣ֮ǰ浤壬壬׵ļٴУܵԵĴǣҲμεж
Ҳֹǣ壬浤λӡ
浤壬¶ԣ˵βжһ棬һָ
һȷǴڸеʮҪжʧ
ԣǱˣⳡսµʤԣ൶Ѻѣ޻ڡѩ÷ĵӣһμͷ񣬱˸أ

һУûκ̫Ҫ˭Ҳ˵˭˭ͬ
ԣȥ֮˶ûж룬ֱӾͳȥ
ǣڰУڽż⿰ҪӴֵһ˲䣬Ȼ֮ͷһⷺеͨ쳹壬졣
һ˲䣬֪ԣã
æһԵġ൶Ѻѣһ·ڰеǧһ㣬һƫԭĹ켣
裬ƷɣԪ˼ˣȴûôˣҲûôҲǣ˾ֱֱȥ
ȥһ˲䣬У˲ʮִȫ󸿶ȥ
ԭ⼸ʮִһ룬ҪѺ˲ȥģȴΪǰѾÿʮûĿֻ꣬ܲ裬Ʒˡ
һʱ䣬ٵѹһֹ
˱ϾҲǵ֮һáڵ˲䣬ȻЩɻ󣬵ҲоЩԡ
Ϊ³ɣûбÿˣȫûһ
Ǽʮ˲䣬Ѿһͬ֡
䣬䣡
һΣͬ˲֮䣬УһϸϸɫС
ϸܵⱬըһӣͳһ󸿶ľȥ
ƷɣԪ˼Ҳ⣬ʹֶΣƵЩֲ
ƷУɫĹâȻڿһΪ˲ΪһɣͬΪһɫĻΣſһնȥ
Ԫ˼ֱӰγǱȸֵ̹һӦϡ
ƿȸ浶һڵʱʹãֱ񣬾ȻԲԹʱУӳ˾޴ƺǱȷΡ
ԶҲ΢΢һ㶣Щ˼飬Ҳû̫ϡ
˸ֶΣԼȻӦϣҲСЩ
ȻЩˣǸµ˲֣ȻԤıǵе
ȻЩˣҲǣԸˡ
ʣѹᣬܷӳƣȻء
ͷһϲΪˣ˲䣬ЩƿնȴһնϵȻ䣬ȴƻ˹ȻڿУ˲Ϊһ塣
ͷ˦β뷢Ƶġݡݡ·ĺɫߣ裬ƷɣԪ˼˼ҧ
䣡
֮䣬Ȼ
Щͨͨһնϣһ̣裬ƷɣԪ˼ˣȴֻãеĻ˾޴ĺߣգӿ
ǿ𣿡
Զ˵һߵѺˣ˶Էеľɫ
Ȼף⴦СȣȻǰڸ߲ѡȡģŻ֮Ȼûǰ̽
Ȼ̽ܿ϶ܲǵˣôЩͲǱڣǰ˴Ÿ߲㣬ųǷʸ֧Сӵĵһ顣
ֻû뵽飬˹죬գͻ׶ѡ
ʵǣ뵽Ƭ֣ôµġ
ɳжҲûôòμӡ
ʵԶ߳Ϲ·۵һ𣬿Ѿʼ
ˣȻһģǰǰɡ
ȻֱӾʹ̭Ҳÿ
ܹ鶼ӣȻ϶ҪˢȥһˣǣͱˢȥȻ϶ÿ
ԣһۣ˻Ǿȡ


355 ȺӢۣϣ
Ѫ֣
һƣļ䣬Ȼһ㰵ɫ漴㰵ɫƣȫѪɫ
һĳ
¡¡
ֲʼһ볯Ʒǰʮȥ
µĸ·ʱУڽһСɣһ֮ȻͬΡ
ͬʱ൶ѺҲ΢΢һЦһָһġº쵶Ȼʡ
һ޵ĺ⣬ͷ·ҵѪӣƮǰʮ
һƷһһξ룬һʼҲǾǡ
Ԫ˼֪ΪΣǹһξ룬ҲԳ֣ʱֻ
Ҳֻǿ飬ΣգԵҲ̫ġ
ΧԶܺ߻þӰᣬûбӰԿȫ֣һԮյЧ
ѪɫһץƷǰʮʱȫ⡱ѣҡۡһһҽ¡
൶ѺѵĹº쵶ΪƷԸһлݣȻѴ֮
ȥвҲӦϣ⡣
ƣˣʱȣʧ۾Ժһ˲˲˸ղŵ飬Ѷˣ롣
һ뼰ˣ˱̲סһϸܵĺ飬Ǻµġ
󣬶ھ˵ѺѵˣӸмɷ׷תͷѺͶһǸм
ѺѲԸӹ΢΢һЦһߣ֧穣·ڿ籩룬еһСʱпܸԪ˼Ǳһۣ˲ǫһݣֳǱȥ
ƣ˼״Ҳһ¾ѹҲ֮ȥԪ˼Ǳ߾ȥ
˵ʮȻ׾ٵ飬Ƭ̹򣬾ͰѾԪ˼ȫһնգϿգڻָ
Ԫ˼Ҳѧ裬ƷһѺߣͶһǸмͬʱ˳Ʈɶƺһ˿ȡ
Էı֣飬ƣˣûʲô۵ףȴӹһĨ΢΢ľ
ղţ֣ɹȥ˲䣬Ԫ˼ԭӦ磬˳˲䣬ȴæ
һǹȥûǵĴڵĻԪ˼ԸЩӦиõİ취ƣӰ졣
Ҳ֪ǲԼĴԿ϶ǣԷûǻӰѡ
ȻѱУ֧穵Ļᣬȵǵ
ԷôƺΪʲôǵġ
ʱҲ˵ЩʱΪϿգӵһյ˲䣬¶ʱ˼ЦһҾ˵ЩݣǶԸļλʦֵܵģ㿴ΣȻӦ˰ɣ
ߣ
һߵȻһ˿ʣʵڣȻҪ粵ҲȷʵѺѵȳ֣žˣǣ˾Ǿˡ
Է񲻻
ֻܳĬ
ȵǵĶԻˣӿٶȣ£һκαʷˣһƽ䵽һ͵ɫյϡ
̶Ӧѩ飬ܾڣʥȣѾˡ
ǵҲƺһ˿Ǳˣ̶Ӧѩ飬˿֮⣬ʹܾڣʥϣճһЩм
ղǵĶԻѾ֪ЩͻȻĲʵһֻ֯ɵӣû̫
ǣֻݣ⣬ǿ˵ĸй١
ԣһ죬׾Уʵ޷սһ˾УͺԺ
Ȼٻʧһһ˵ɳжȻҲҪֱӱ̭ˡ
ǣȻأϾֻһֵͽݣֻҪ΢ǿһ㣬㹻ˣʱзˣ׾ܲԲûжΣա
Ҳ֪һֻǿ飬ʱִΪʧܣһزûʲô⡣
Ǹղʱǰɻˣǣûܵ⡱ĽӴΪʲôʮϵɫҲಢÿء
ңȻȻǻĽӴû̶˻⡣
ˣ۾һƳϵĲݵأ漴۾һ˲䷴Ӧ˹϶ɴһЦ
֮ϣʮССһ壬ģ̵ģл󷨵ġ
ˣܵĽӴǲһģ̶ֻ˵ı飬ղһΣȻˡ
ǲṷֻ̂мˣڵЩǱЩƶѡ
ǣΧܵڵˣȴЦģȻϰˡ
ˣһܵдʱվģȻǻġ
һأмֵĻţ˿̲ûôԱ
ֻмʮֵùĵùֱӲ˻أʧȥʸѣ֮С
У̶˻ཻһ漴˭Ҳûп˵ʱһǰһ㣬ڼϻ˼ʣ漴˵ͷ㣬㣬ˣ֡
ģ̶Ӧѩˡ
ԣˣɱ죬ѾˣǰͷΣգܻܾȳˣȺУûǣ̶Ӧѩˣղžʲôɫ飬ܵõ곤˸ߵ
ǻعֵѺƣڣʥܾʫ˪ˣǣʮ֡
˵ͷȻ֪һص֣ߣҲͣϣ̶Ӧѩ֮ˡ
ſ񾩣Ʒɣ裬ѩ÷ǧԪ˼ˣޱصǣʮ֣ǿ񡣡
סһΣɾûôˣ˭񣬾ͽᱻֱ̭ʮ֣ҲһΣͬ
ֻվӢǽҪִеģΣյҲش񣬲ҪߣֻҪǿߡ
ԣΪŵҫΪ棬ڴǣȫԸ
˵꣬ߣȻڣˣһ
ˣˣ漴һɫ˵һԣܴ
ҲһǸоˣĲͬѰ̶ȣоͷĵӣصģģЩѹô
һЩǰɫˣҲܵЦֹ
һκʱκεطκλǿĵص㡣
˭Ҳ벻ֱӱ̭ʮֱȥ
ȷ˵ֻоӢߣûʸ£ˣҪСģŬڷܣܱסԼʸ
ֻǣ
ҪԵģЩʲô飿
ͷЩ


356 ȺӢۣУ
һһ˶ʮˡ
·ǰģֻӦѩ飬ڣʥȣһʮˡ
ˣֱӴѪǰ߷أΪ·̱˽Ը絽
һСɽ½£һ½ʯɫΪΪ
³ϵ˴֮ڼǡ
ǣڣԼһЩţһһʮˡ
ǣһٰʮˣܹӽ٣üһá
һֲ֡
ҪС֣Ҫ֪棬ÿһѨΪҶǰڵǿߡ
δеÿһˣпܳΪһڳϣڵһδļ󷨵ǿߡ
Ҳ˵޵磬δ꣬ؽȨµȫۼڴˡ
ģʮˣȫǰڼŴеٮٮߡ
ЩˣҲδϣΪһ֮ǿߵѡ
Щ棬µϯӣֿնɡڤˣҲаɽϯӣƷ桱аҲˡ
֮⣬칤ɽϯʦ㣬ʮĪġİϻḡҲȻ֣ӣħӡ˾ҲǿƵǳŵĴʦ֣˾ͽмҲȺУȵȡ
ЩˣÿһѨڣѨ۷Ĵڣսڰ벽Ҫ˶ãܴż
Ȼżһͻƣǣϣϣ
֮߳ʦ֮һġףǵİǵδ
ԷϳΪһΣ߻ߵøԶߵøߣûǾ׷ϡ
ңʹԼͻƣֻҪ䣬ͷչȥǱضǰڵһμ̳ˡ
ʱ򣬰Ȼ᲻ϧһдۣƵȥ
츳ĺôֻҪϣھԻ᲻ƵøߣվøԶ
⣬һĿ꣬˭һУ壬Źʣ˭пܳΪһĶ
δǰ;
ȻһеǰǣܻŻ
Żĸ֣Ƽ򵥣Ȼ£ȴԵޱȵĳء
һеǰǣҪܲμ뵽֧Сȥ
ڼһڶʮˣŸһһһٰʮˡ
գֻʮѡᳬʮҲǾѡһʮѡһ
Щˣ֮ǰѾǧһһѡҪЩ棬ѡʮˣѶȣǺܸߵġ
Ҳضޱȡ
˭ܼȥˣˣ˵аա
ӦѩȣҲ⡣
ȻоѧһЩƣҲ˵Լһаգɶѡ
ǵЩţһĿֲڣɣ㲻ˡ
ھ˶ԣһˣģǼʶһ£ƴһ£ԼԼ˿ϣ
ˣڻңգҲǾ֧Сӵġ
Ϊģִͬд˴жҪ׼֮һ
Լţ˭ָ㣬ȥִвɺһҪ޵ж

ɫʯ֮һˣȻվߵ
ȺǰͲͬͬһɫᣬȴʣƵˡ
һˣһ£תˣһ磬վȻһģĸо
ñ˽ܣ֪ڣԼŵӵһˣ֮ףҺ
Һָ֣ٶȣ˵ʱǰģһ꣬Ӱ
ŰƷ˵Ѿ˻ĳ̶ȣ³ˣܼ
Ȼٶȣķ棬Ҳûһڱ˵ġ
ڶˣĺܸߣƴֺбжơ
ڶӵڶ봨콣һӡ
壬Ѳٹ̶Ҫʲôۣ֣Ǳ־
봨ۣͬ콣ɫۣ
ԣһۣ󣬱һЩ󣬵ɫĳ
ܸܵǱĲͬΣܵĿɱ飬ɡ
ûһӣԸ⿿󣬶ǿÿһξ롣
ˡҺ봨еĶӣһгɪꡣ
ʮͨº͵Цݣ޵ߣէһһͨĶˡ
ǣСԻԴ
ΪһºţСȱȱɪܶʱ򣬱˶ӵΪսһĥ
ȸ봨ս˾
磬ˣ༸аܣɥɥҲֻܸ̾ˣܿظ
ɪսÿһԤ·ʽøֶΣѰ㣬ķ󣬲ŻὫܡ
ϵˣⱲӣԸٸ֣ΪܹһΣΪĥ
ˣǶǰУеŮӣҲǽеŮӡ
ǧģŮɢƺһһƣеˡ
һͤͤ٣һֻ䣬Ů٣ĿƲ۾


357 ȺӢۣ£
ʹڵŮ֮У˵ΪòҲɫһС֮һ
Уǧģ޵ٵ߷֮һʥٷ壬츳Ϊɫ
ġ١ʥٷĴ֮һλƷ֮УƷУƷ
ŮɢƺǵɢĲǻǵҩ
߷֮һ浤壬ÿһ֣ǧҩʻʢʹõε̶裬ԼԾұըı׵
µҩǧǧȻҲȫβˣҲкû֮֡
Ʃ磬ɶ֮ɵҩȻ׷󣻵綾֮Ҳ̸֮ɫ䡣
ɵҩ綾֮ҩʵһ֣ƳȲΪβˣҲǶרΪʹõġ
ϹʱӣӣʵһֵҩϹʿ֮ʱƳġ
˷ֵ֣ҩܳԣȴӵĪһը׽һСɽݻ١
Ժרˣһšֵҩ˺ôĪǡ
ƺ񣬳浤壬ȴĵֶƧ辶רƫŵĵ
Ƶı׵ÿһըһʢǧһ֣ױȣ˳ơŮɢ
ˣûһ򵥵ġ
ȫСϵĳԱҲȫڼžʬ϶⣬Ⱥǰŵŵ
ȻȺǰϣߣǣȺǰģûһ򵥵ġ
Ҫ֪½ҲͰˣϴ˰ѣǣŽǰʮ߰ʮ
ѾܸˣھԵĳ͵Ǽ񵥣ԶԶԶĵز
гһգҲͻѨڣѨ۷壬ܡ
⣬һɹ֮ϣˣҲ
ĶӵһҺǰʮλеʮ
ӵڶ봨ʮ塣
ȱɪʮţǧģʮߣŮɢƺ£ֻһʮˡ
ǰʮ֮С
ȻţЩҵˣȥŵɢޣʵҲ̫Զˡ
٣Уǵ֮ߡ

ʮӵ˱һ˱졣
УһġҺͷǵһЦкɫ뵭Įȴ˭ü
ڶġ봨ˡǺǡһЦԴʮִֺȻʮơ
ġȱɪºͣȴδ˵ֻǳ΢΢ףʣʮײøС
ĵġǧģǾϰټ˴кֻǾվһδˮ
ĩġŮɢƺ񣬳ʮ΢΢һЦһڴкλʦʦúðжʲô˵⣬ѯǣȻʱش𡣡
״ˣҲæ񣬱졣
˵̬ȣҲóˣεǰִģȻΪǶոѡ
Σܲܲ룬ܲǶ٣ǲǵף˶̫ġ
˶ˣҪ˵Щ½ˣ̬ȣ㲻
ϾڼŴһֻʮһƽǶ
ƽ֣УһСȥ㲻
Ҫ˵񣬻Ϊ̶˹ͬˡ
Ҳ˵ʮпȫһڶߣҲпܣеţһˣֻʵԣ汳ͷ
ԼпܱˢˣȻΪǻϣ
ȣȻҲ㣬Զڼ˵̬ȣҲ֣ĬĬվ
ʱǲпգڣԼվ룬ǸӪȥ
ڸţԼУȻ˲ˣмо⡱ѡ
ϤУ칤ɽӣѪħָףڵӣ磬磬аɽӣѪģӣ껿գ¥ӣ׷գߵȡ
ˣǣ¥ӪУ׷ǰ棬Ȼվһˣһ£ʳڣϱһľʱ¨汳ʮö£ӭתֽ糵
ȻǸڷ糵Уꡣ
ӪУһᣬ⣬⻹һһŮ
ϼףһƽߣһŮӣֳޣһ£ˮΪΪǡ
ȸͷʮ׾ʿмŮ
˲


358 ӰԹϣ
糵ʶԸоóһͬΣԲһˡ
ֻǣ¥ĴʦǡССȴ֪˭¥ʲôϵ
ˣӪУվǰ棬ᣬһµ꣬ضӣħ֮Ĵˣħӡ˾ˡ
ϵϢǿ£ѹֿɹߣ۳ûļٿǰ֮С
ѾǷǳµˣʱʮУضһϯ֮ء
ǶŮȻȴʶ֪ǵ˭
أҲڣָſ
ʱһеУǵգȻ˽⡣

Щˡ֮⣬ע⵽ģǴ˴ΰڣǰģǼͣԺյ
ǣǺ͡һʱΪ֮տֲ֮ԲЩ½ӿԱȵġ
ǲжУ֮ӣҼҲǱؽ
˭ˢȥǣȴһܽС
ǵǿ󣬺͵̡
ЩˣڵһλģȻϯӣֿնɡڤ
ֻһϮɫģԼʮȴƺȶʮᣬ͵ڻɽ³ʱһģһûκθı䡣
ֻɮƮ䣬ǹɳȴˣӰƻãվﾹȻһӣǱ˵ı飬һȱ
ʮֲͬǣŵǸ޴֮ϱ־ŷŵądֱǣɲ¡
УºȻ֮ɫȻᵽôǰҽǰ콾ʧ棬ߺ޲⡣
ô꣬ȻδֿնɡڤȴҲһȻϣȻҲϰˡ
ֿնɡڤߺ֮һߵġºȻ׼ҵ´˴ɳǿˡ
ȻȻԲ֮УǣȻڤһߣ϶Ҫһߵˡ
ˡֿնɡڤڶע⵽ģаɽӪУһ£ݱıǹӡ
Ǳǹͬһ׵Уɫ󣬰߲ǹƺµϴ񣬶һֲԹ֮С
ģϴȥѪ
Ҳ֪ǹ£޵ͷ­һƷ桱֮
ǹƷ桱·ѩһǹֻʮһ֣Ѿ˵һС
ҲһڤһضСҾԲеļ֮һ
аƷӰѪˣѪģվһƺһߵܡ
ڡƷ桱аǰɫţƺϢ˰֣ȫ亹
󣬻һЩ۵ֻ꣬ʮͣмŷ磬Ҳμӹǰĳᡣ
ֻû뵽ʱ䲻ǾȻҲͻѨһΣĳѡˡ
ע⵽ţȻ칤ɽ
칤ɽаɽڣһֱ޵󶥼ţ¥ЩҪǿöࡣ
칤ɽȴһ
ϴΣУ칤ɽúˣǡͻȻϵ롣
ԶţȻܲע⡣
һۣע⵽վ칤ɽӪУһЩֵСŮ
СŮף£˫ĿüбɣֿһλδǧС㣬Ƥ͡
оЩΣգһĺˣѪħָף˿̵ı飬һ֪СŮˡ
ϣǲһվ΢΢Ц۾ȴһּΣյĸо
ʣҲµԷ칤ɽϯӣһ̲ʮСŮİϻḡ
һֱ¶棬١
ǣһɹϣȴŵڶһɹϣʹűһСŮ֮Ҳǰ֮С
壬Ҳ漸˶١
ɹǰĿ´ڣڣؾ͡糵ǰСŮḡΣԣм
µϯӣֿնɡڤԼаɽϯʦ֣һͲǵĺ±ǹ꣬Ʒ桱аʱ
Ȼģη壬ԼŶʱʱԼ֣һжŵĵӣʹЩֶΣܺùѰ
֮⣬ڳ֮ˣǿģ֮ǰӣħ֮Ĵˣħӡ˾ˡ
ŮԱߵƶӽܣҲ֪ǵݡ
ϼΪĴ֮һ˳ơϼӡĴλ
ĸǡغ벽ǿߡ
ףΪѨڣ֮䣬츳ҲΪܳһλ벽Ϲ£ó谮
ޣһ£ˮΪΪǵľŮ֮һ
ΪȻϼ껹ߣﵽѨжΣӪУħӡ˾ߣΪǿ֮ˡ


359 ӰԹ£
ڤа䣬ḡ˾֮⣬мˣͬɵ͸оɲ⡣
⼸ˣƩŵϯʦ֣˾ͽмڵϯӣһҶ֪ҶĴʦ֣񵶹ӡа¥ϯʦ㣬ССȡ
ЩˣһҲʮֲǰһ
Уŵϯӡ˾ͽмһ£ǰһȼŻ¯鲻ŭɴʶˡ
һΣںɭʯϿһ;أǿ˵ľԮͦ˹ܵ˴̼
Ȼ˫˫һ֮ǰͻѨʸμѡΣҲһ֮ϲ
Ҳ֣Ϊ˵Ϊѵˣľһ
һƽʱִ̫û˼֮ϣһоûɢԲųٳٲͻơ
ֻҪִƳɢ⣬ȻɹѨ
һҶ֪ҶվڳڵӪ룬һ£˳Ⱦ信ɡ
£һѶѿҶȴĳ֮أɫĽ͡
󣬱һɢŵĹӳδʣһɳ
ƷȻ֮һҲǳҶĳ
ʶˣ磬׾ӵ
Ĵʦ֡񵶹ӡаһۣһ
ĵͨϾ͸Ȼ·һɢ⣬Ȼһ񵶡
񵶹֮ɴ˶
ѩȣޣɣߵ񵶹ӡа⼸֣ƱҪδĽУһ¡
¥ϯʦ㣬ССһЩӵŮƴʦ㣬Сʦá
治֪һŮε¥Ĵʦģڡ¡׷֮ϣ͹¡
Աߣֵıŷݵꡣ

ڤа䣬ḡ˾ߣ˾ͽмҶаССףȻȡ
ʮˣǱθڼеٮٮߣаٷ֮ʮϵİսʽСӡ
Ҳ˵ʵȼٵÿҲǲòţء
Ȼûһ˭Ҳ֪

ʶˣ
ŵӰȺǰ
ˣŰڼеۣɭȻȻѨ۷壬߰벽ǿߡ
֮ǰӭ˵³ϣҲС
Ȼˣǰڻĳϻ򹩷ʵλԷͬСɣǵС
ȴͷĬ˭Ҳû㿪˵
Ǻǡ
ҲΪ⣬ֻɫ䵭ҿһۣż˵ǲʶˣһ
Ȼѵˣ㿪ʼɡ
ǵǽһнǧʱĵععڣһЩʮǿ꣬ħӰȴȥɱ
ҪΪô򵥣ֻǻɱħӰɡ
Ϊ׵һϣЦһЩħӰǧ£ЩѾǣ÷ǳǿ󡣡
µǣںϽ꣬иᡣ
һˣʵã߾ãпܣеġѵߡ
ǵ񣬳˵ӰԹеħӰ֮⣬񣬾ҳЩѵߡƷɱ
ԣöɫһ䡣
ӰԹӰ֮ꡭ
տʼ˻ʮּ򵥣һЩɵӰԹȻѶȿܴ˵㣬˶ǷˣСһЩɡ
˭Ҳû뵽ЩӰԹ꣬һʵǳĵزȻԶСḽ
һ룬ԼУʱһѣ飬ƽʱѣᣬԼϮǶôµ飡
ɱУ˲£ִӺУķʤ
Ҫǣ㻹֪УӺζʲôʱ
ֻеȵйǰֱ֮ǰ֪˭긽ˡ
Щ˵СһЩҲͰˡ
ǣֻҪһ뵽ԼҲпܳΪԹУǧֵĿ꣬ʱһ߽Ҫı걾˾Щ䣬ЩԿԼ
ǱҪΪµ顣
⣬ȴǱԵĿ顣
˸˵жǹʮҲ˵м䣬עҪʮˣֱжعŻٴδ򿪡
ֻеǾѾ񣬾ʮʤѾ˫ʮ֮ǲŻԹǳŶ
Ǻ£ڻҸǻ˳һ룬Ҳûлˣ
ԣˣ˲仩Ȼ


360 ׷׽

𾪲ѡ
ɳжʽǰһССѡΣȻʮȷ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ģûһǼ򵥵ģȫǰڼ֮ӣϣͻƵѨڣ۷塣
һضǺ䶯һŵĴ¡
Ҫ˵ʮʮʮ
һ棬ǺĲ롣
޵磬ؽһͨĿ񳱡
ǣȴֶĬˡ
Ϊλϵı飬֪ڸ߲϶֪
Ȼ֪ȴûԣҲĬˡ
Ȼڸ߲ѾĬϣ˵ѡҲֻжҪôμӣҪô˳е
գмˣĵ̧һ½ŲҪ˳ȥ
ȻܣͬϣǵȻı飬ŵˣҲǹ˿Щˣ̧ĽŲ͵һֲ֣˻һЩΡ
գ˶˳Ĭ
Ҳζţڳһٰʮˣûһѡ˳ȫѡ˲μӡ
ڽ˶ֻܵȴ

֮
˭Ҳ֪ǧ֮ص⴦صشƧĹ֮УȻһǧĵع
ع֮УΣմӰأ
һ죬һһӰڵعϷ漴ֳɾŸӪվ
ŷվ֮Ⱥ߳ˣǰ
һ˴ӻͳһöЩֵľƣһһΣһ飬ľм䡣
ſľƳں֮˲䣬һĺ⣬ڰһȦ֮󣬶Ȼһ䣬˲Զﴦһɽʯ֮ϡ
¡
Ȼ֮䣬䣬ɽʯڣȻӷĻ壬漴ʯڽ壬¶һͨ
һɹǿħգӿŴһӣȫɢ
һۣϵѮߣ߳Ⱥŷǰɫص
ڼеӶˣϷĻ壬ƾ˾ƣڣӰԹѾ򿪣һ룬Ըһ䣬ûҪ˳ģ
˳Ĭ״һ룬΢ЦܺãҾŴĴжȻˣҲͲϻˡ
˵һ»ֻ÷ʽ
ӰԹУ꣬ңƣ̣࣬׻֡ҽ൱ڣҲ׳Ƶ䡣
ƽ̽ڣһ㲻ܴڣڣҲҪǽ룬Բùܡ
ɱһͷҽ䣬κλ֣ɱһͷƽһ֣ɱһͷ̽ʮһٸ֡ɱһͷڣٵһǧ֡
ʵͻɱĲͬգܻûֳǰʮߣнʽСӵĻᡣ
ѡΣʱΪ嵽ʮ죬ֱȫ𣬻ѾֳʤΪֹ
ڴڼ֮ڣǲܣʮ߳ʲôشıʣǰжϡ
⣬Ȼǲ̫ܵ顣
ˣûʲô飬ȥԱȡһƣʼɡ
ִƣԶ¼ǻɱƷ׺ӦĻ֡
ʼ
˵꣬һ֣ʱһ꣬һĺɫ̣ǰ
УһѾӨ͸ģԼһ߳ѩơ
֮ϣһϵַ˶ϳ˼Ҳ˵Ϊֹ˻ûκγɼ¼ϡ

аɽӪУһ£ݱıǹӣִ߳мһöɫƣ䡣
漴ֻĮ鲻һݣѾŰɽǴͨڴȥ
ৡһӰһӰѾʧԹͨ
ϡ
˼״һҲ󣬷׷߳óһöƹҺ֮󣬾ͳڵعڴȥ
˸գۼ䣬һٶˣֻʣ¼ʮˣԭء
Ҳɣ
ӪߣһֱûжġҺ̧̧ͷؿ˵
ãʦֵġ
ԣһ£ݴֺġ봨µĳɪԼǧģŮɢƺȣףһ߳Ⱥǰһһöƹ䡣
ͬʱһǴڴȥͬգʧ
״Ѻѣǧѩ÷ȣһۣ漴Ҳȥɡ
á
ͬһƣͨгȥգۼ䣬ӰʧڶѨв
һµڣʥԼһµġܾ֡״һۣȻһЦԾȺȥ


361 ̭ϣ
һعУȣһ䳱ʪζͻȻ
ü̧˫֮ǰһĨһӨ̹֮ͫһħͫѾ
ʱڰӽǰʧǰһWWЩ̵Ļ棬ӽʱǧٱֹ
ܣһƬž˵а䣬ǸһͬѺѣǧѩ÷ȣҲԶʧ
һ⣬ڣȻһֻҪһ룬ᱻ͵һطڴ͵ȫƾԵ
Ҳɢ֣ͻ
֮Ҳ֪ʱڣǺϱˡ
ҼʹϱˣҲ֪ǵѡ
Ҫ֪˿̣һͬعеģ˸оɵѺѣǧ֮⣬игڣʥܾˡ
Ȼ֪ڣʥܾ˵һսƲ⣬һ֣Ǻõġ
ϾҲһʲôûҪͬŴսһ֪
ң˻ֿʺƣһ֮ϲ
ǰУ
ûжԥ£ȻһĽɫĻȴѾʮһеĽԷһ
ϾعУΣմ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱ֣СĽһЩǺõġ
żǰ֮ͨȥ
ͨǧذתƺǳڣִ·
ͨ࣬Ǳʯڣʯ֮ϣһЩֵĻƣŤ棬һֻֻײбĶ
ûϸ֪Ҳãֻܱ綨һ򣬼ǰȥ
һ·ûпеħӰֻһƬɭžޣǿɲ
ع֪жĿǰҲֻһһˡ
ζŰȫ෴һֱΣա
˵ʱ䲢ˣֻܹвʮ졣
һֱһֻ궼ûп׬ȡ֣ûл֣ôͨѡΣʮ֮һ
ԣܲС
Ҳûãп̤вӦ̤е壬ԣȻеǣȻ죬ǰȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãʱⰵյĵطʱ䶼ƺ壬ֻ֪㷨Ӧùȥ˴Լһʱ
Ϊֹûзһͷ꣬ͽ׵Ļҽ伶궼
ͻȻǰһǰȻ˹
ڵع֮УһǻһƬеӽǣ򿴲κζ
ڣȷ˹ϰ˺ڰһЩӦ۾΢΢һʹ
ܿ죬ǷӦ˹
ǰһȡ
Ⱦͷһɢɵʯҡ
ǣ
ЩȻб仯Ǻ£ܺùһɲ䣬Ȼԥһ£Ǽǰȥ
һߣܵĵĻֱŨ˼֣˰֮ɫȴǼӴ˵˷ǿȡ
Ȼ棬ǣ仯ҲζΣգò
߹ζ̶̵İȣѾǴʯңȻ䣬ͷȻֹһ˿ΣյϢеͨ쳹졣
Σգ
ԥ˲һݣ˾ͳͷռ˲Ծͬʱ˫ģһɫͬỨ䡣
飡
һ죬һֻĻɫޣȻ̻һɢըУ˲䲨𵭵
һ꣡
갴ƷףΪһŽףһױǻɫ䣬׻ɫɫĽɫڣɫ
Щ֪ԶԼɱһͷҽ䣬ϲϲ֮ɫɫЩ΢΢ء
Ϊʲôط꣬һɫʯҸȻһͷ
ѵʯУʲôŹ֣
̽ѯ˼̤ʯ֮С
ʯҿտյһֻƺطһЩ
Ȼ֮䣬۾Ȼһ
֮ʱΪѾ˹ߣԹħͫʱΪ˲̽ٴο̹֮£ȴȻ˽Ȼͬķ֡
ֻɫʯУһЩϡĻɫߣ˿˿ڰУһֻ͸ɫ꣬ڳ͡
ԭɫʯңǵ´ɳɣԽʯңԽǿ󣬵ͽֻʯҸԽ߽׵꣬뿪ľԽԶ
Ϊ˷ֹ֣ǲˡ
Ūʼĩ֮Щɫʯҵãһ֣ͷδ͵Ļҽ׵ͼĨ
漴ͳὣɳ֮󣬾ͽʯƻһɶ
ɫʯұ֮ܵϢʱһɢ
Ƭ֮󣬴˴ͱúͨһˣȻȴԭࡣ
ûаһСβ۷ϣһ֮󣬼ǰȥ

һʱ֮ٴλɱλҽֻ꣬ȥǵĳѨ֮ڷһԴЩɫʯҡ
Σ淢ͷƯڰգֲɫֵ֮ɫнꡣ
ͷ伶һֶûиڣڿԿˡ
ɫһϲԥһչէ˾ͳɫʯг˽ȥ
Ƭ֮ٳİɫƶʱâһƬ̺һİɫ֣ͳ֮ϡ
֣
˿Щĸλ֣һƲ¶һ˿޵ĿЦ


362 ̭У
Ҳ֪ϾɱĲͷн꣬㲻ʲô
ܻɱһͷ߽꣬Żô֣Ҳȡʤ֮
߽Ҳǿ飬вá
ʱ͵ĵطӦñȽƫƧָ߽Ƚϡ٣ֻеȴʱ䣬ټѰˡ
ǰȥ;ַһЩͽнһһȥ
ģӰԹ֮أܵȻɭҲüһݣܵ˲ͬѰ

ͽӰԹͬһʱ䣬ҲЩı׷״ͽӰԹ֮С
˼Ȼͬеһ˺üֻ߽꣬ʵǿɽɱջ˲ٻ֡
еˣȴʮֵùոմͽ룬һѸ߽꣬ۼڵأûзӦͱɱΪһŰ׹⣬ʧԭء
磬һٶڵӷ׷׽ϺȻͬʱһУ֮ȻֳһɫĻĻ֮һӿ֮󣬺Ȼֳĺɫ塣
ɫ֮ϣǻֺ֣棬
ڵһλģȻȽӰԹаɽϯӣƷ桱а䡣
벻̶һʱ֮ڣֺĻ֣ȻԽϵľˣš
ڵڶģȻһİ֡
֣ȲɹһֿնɡڤҲԭĵİϻḡһС糵׿Ⱥˡ
ǰĻ֣ȻҲ壬аԲࡣ
糵׿Ⱥ
˿̣аڵ⣬һʮ־ȡ
ΪһȲţҲĶظ˴ڣң
ߺ֮һʮֿǰһġպ֮£й֮ԵġʱŪ֮ǰ
ߺ֮ôҲⳡˣ
ҿʱڳϣԼϻ壬ƾ˾Ƶı飬ȴһû¶֮ɫȻ֪
ڵֻһʱģڤḡа䣬׿Ⱥˡ
ãһʱû̫ǿ꣬޴֣Ȼ󣬵ʱĹȥ϶ὥ
һ̣˭Ҳ֪˭ʤߡ
а䣬׿Ⱥ֮󣬲ڤḡ˵֣˾ͽм˾ߵˡ
˵Ļ֣һ٣ʮ֮䣬ͣҲߡ
Աǵʵʵڲʲô
ʣµˣֻмʮ֣С
֣һˣβȻ󣬵Ҳߣǰһٶû
֣ʽСӣǳ룬Ҳˡ
ǼùߵɫĻ֮ϣȻңλá
ǼϣɫһڣȴҲҧ˭Ҳûп˵ʲôһʱЩš
ڽ֮ǰԤϵ顣
ֻû뵽ʱô죬ôͶѡ
˵Щˣһ䣬ֶӦһ£ͱɱ
Ҫôϵ쳣ǿȫǶ֣Ҫô󲿶ӣ޷ֻˡ
⣬Ҳֻܿʹ⼸Ѩ۷壬벽ĳϣҲ޷ıʲô
Ҳȥıʲô

ʱһһֹȥӰԹ֮У
ȻһƬʱȥҹɫҲȻŨ˼֡
Ȼڰ֮У˼ػ֮һĴϢ
ŴϢһĽŲ֮һҺͼС
ôôù
ڣһӰӽ硣
һ꣬ţؿһɫ񻨣Ȼ¥һӣ硣
ΪԼѨڵ֮䣬ʵ¥ǰĵУҲϡ
ȻʱȴʵЩǱѪ֮ɫ˵Ѫܣͷ֮ϣһƲɢͬһīۣԵʮֹ졣
飡
ȻһԣڵأĿռУһӿȻƮһֻëľԳӰгһС
ͣ
һ죬гǰһݣ۾¶֮ɫؿ͸һڴСѪѪʱԴԴϵĴ
۾ǲʣзŭı飬ַȴָ̧գֻԲ˫ۣصȥ
һɢģȻҲһɫӰȻͷԳӰſһȫ˿С
˲һȦеУâҲ˼֣ʵʡ
磬ɫĻ֮ϣ¥֣Ȼһ漴Ͱȥ˺ɫ


363 ̭£
飬飬飡
ڵԹ֮УƫƧһǣͷ߽꣬Χһˡ
ˣһ£˳Ⱦü˫Ŀһǣһʮֽྻĸо
ֻ˲ʹͷ߽Χ£ƾ˿ң˫ȭ䣬зȣͷ߽ýڽںˡ
ȻڰУ˼죬ͷ߽׸߽꣬˲Σ
ڴʱǣȻ¶һ˿Цݣ漴顱һһ޷˲ʷɳ
һĿİ׹ڵҹ֮УһĨ磬֮߰ͷ߽꣬ȫ顱һ̻ͬըɢ
ͬʱ֮ϣһ˲䱩ǣ١
磬еɫĻ֮ϣڳϯӣҶ֣Ҳ֮գĵز

ͬʱڵصԹһ
һ޴ޱȵɫʯ֮Уһ۵ˣһͷɢŵľ޴ꡣ
ͷ꣬ڰУһСɽĿצףϲŤĹŹֻƣɢһɢϢľ
Ȼһͷﵽ˰벽ڼĿֲꡪצ쾦ޡ
Ȼˣȴ˿壬ɫֻǣյ֣΢˽˫ĿУļ£һ˿ĺâ
ûǼ
ûк£ֻǼ
໺𣡡
Ҳ֪˶ãȻ䣬ͷצ쾦ЩͷˣȻһصıϢ漴ֻצͬһʱ䶯ˡ
˵ޱȣʮּⳤĳìֻצͬһʱ䳯Žץ˷צӰ˱޿ɱȡ
У˿µĿռ˺
ֻצ쾦жͬһʱ䣬ˣҲȻˡ
ֻˣǰһ˷һŤĹߣڿһʹ˶Ȼʧ
ͷצ쾦΢΢һ㶣۾¶ɻĹâӳצҲͣ˰գڴʱˣٴδг֡
ֻУȻѰεʣһһ浶Ȼһ˼ĽǶȣӳֱָצ쾦޵
飡
һ죬ѪĽ
ͷצ쾦֪ãҪܣǳˡ
˵ĵ֮죬㿴ʱʵѾֻʣӰˣĵѸķ
צ쾦ŭһŭˣһһȻ䣬ſһ£³һ޴ɫ򣬳Ǹ˻ȥ
ǣ˽һ΢ܹ棬еı񳤵ٴһ޷ĽǶȣббãһĹߣĻöɫ֮ϡ
飡
ɫȻը飬УǱƴȴӷ貶ĿĹ⻪
Ĵ׹䣬²̤һĲÿÿڼ䲻ݷ䣬ЩĴ׹Ļǡ
ͬʱȻһ֮ϣһţ漴еĵȻ
һŻϢڹߣڰէƣֻһĽӰͷӴİצ쾦ޱ
Ƭ֮󣬱ŰУȻꡱһ
漴ͷƼ᲻ɴݣݵİ벽ڼצ쾦ޣȫ£Ȼһƣ缦Ǳ˴һ㡣
Ȼǿ⣬צ쾦ޣһ漴ȻΪһųɫĻ⣬ʧԭء
ȴǱһɻɱ
ˣ֮ϣâһֱʮȻڶ

ֹ信꣬ᵶͣˣҲУΣôջ֮硡
ߣŲϵǰУȻĽŲͣסˡ
ǰһʮֹĴУһͷЩ꣬Ưһƺġ
ǣϸȥܸܵĺϢֻ˳ߡ
ɫ΢΢һݣ˫֮У̹ⷺȴħͫһκȻʱ˸಻һĶ
ǰͷ꣬ȫɫһֻŴľ޴𣬵
Ȼֻ𣬶ͷϾȻֻ۾ҳͣһĸоֻ۾ʱǱŵġ
Уͷ꣬ƺʵ飬Ƕ˿ռ֮Уһ磬εģ͸ȴһɼµĸо
ʹʶ㣬ͷҲɶȻһݣһ󲻺õԤС
ͷ꣬򵥣
ǣҪǰɱһɻ֣˳һ·ȥѰʱ
Ȼ䣬һݣͷȻֳһ˿ΣյϢ̧ͷͬʱȴ֪ʱԷȻ۾
ֻѪȣһ˿ɫ۾ͬʱס꣬ȻȻһ


364 ɱڣʥһ
ʹһʶ㣬־˵ꡰһۣҲ˷ӦɼͷĲͬΣڲͬ
ǣ
ͷɻ󣬶Ȼ䣬һɲĴʻͷͷֲͷٴζȻһ
ꣿ
֮ǰڳ˵Ļڶ
ЩħӰǧ£ЩѾǣ÷ǳ£ЩܹںϽ꣬жḽ
󷽣ͷ벽ֵѴм㣬֮һЩޣʮأװ磬졣
һ֧ʽСУ˱塱ɱиСУֲ
֪У֧Сӵ񣬿϶Ǿʧܣң֧СӣܾҪȫ󷽣һزʧء
ֹ֧СӵʧΪʧܣ࣬Ҳ˶
ԣѡкҪһԭ򣬾ѡ棬ʮֽһЩˣʱʵΨһء
ǻۣԣ侲ȵȣȱһɡ
أʮΣյκһϸС©ԣܲء
ӰԹУЩԽжḽ꣬δЩϣִСʮҪһ
ԣһֻɫʮֹ죬Լоһݵ꣬һʱ뵽˳ϿУ˵꣡
ҲعУòĴڡ

ӣ
һʼɲĴڴսһʹʤˣ϶ҲҪԪˣʱ׬ȡϣܾҪˡ
⣬Ҫġ
ǣӣͷ꣬ȴܴӦˡ
ȻѾŵķ⣬ôܷܡ
੡Цͷ꣬ȻɢĿĺ⣬һ¸¡֮·һֻֻϡ
ΣȻ
һ
͵ԭ屶СֻѾӽʯҴСͬʱһζȻԭʧһ̣УһȻǰ
ӵȻһȻһˣͬʱвɿЦ
뿪뷨ѾʵˣͷÿµٶȣǱ꣬ƴٶȣԼƸĶ֣սһֻ벻ˡ
ȻԸˣҲ޿κΣΪǿ
ֻһȻɢǧ⣬漴ʱȼ˳档
棬ΧͬһֻͷС
߽׻ü֮һ
ɱ֮һʱͷȻһӾͶ˾С
Ȼ棬ʱռ䲨΢΢һ𣬳УͷӴ꣬Ȼʧûпβġ
һ̣ٴγǰͬʱֻ۾һͬ򿪣Ŀ۾У¶һ˿̡
ûǷ̣ʮԻı飬Ҳͷ꣬ǹȻԶǳ˵ĵزһɱȡ
ȻʧЧˣ
Ҳɴһ⻹һ¡
˷һʹܱƣԷҲҪڵûͷǱһˡ
ûֱһöֱӾͱԹˣͺͲһ㡣
ǣռ˺һļܣκ༼ܣЩ˵еĶӰ
ĪǣֻǴ˵еӰ𣿡
ӰУʮϡٵһֻ֧Ϲʱֹ
Ŵ½ıǨʱȥһ֧Ѿ½ϳʧ
û룬֮֮ңıصףȻһֻŴ档
һ֧壬Ǿѹˡ
ɫʮѿĵһ㣬û׼ȳԵˡ
ܵӰ֮Ƿǳѵ겻
һ˿µĵ֣ʹõֶΣ컹пˡ
뵽⣬ʱٲҵ۾Уһɫ˿߷·֩һܲӣ䣬ȻֻС
Щ˿ߵȻʵʵģħͫãӽУ˲䣬ϣһЩһЩ㣬ȫʶ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬Ӱϣһ͸İ׵㣬׵ʮֵĹŹ֣ʱʱ֣ƺһСľҪʧ
ͨħͫʮֿ϶㣬ҲƵġš
ֻҪһ϶°빦һٽͷӰɱջһʻ֡
˲֪༼ܶãɴ಻ãһУὣѾ֡
һ̣Ľ⣬תˮֲ֮˻ۣγһɫĵ绡Ϊֱ۴ϸĹԶӰϵǴ㡱ȥ


365 ɱڣʥ
ϻ絶ƺƴĤܵնһȡ
֨
棬ͷӰҲƺ֪Σգһ˻֮󣬶ȻһĲһֵĿռ䲨Уٴʧ
ɫʯ棬ʯڣϢڻһɲĴ󶴡
һѾ֪˶ٵʯǽȻֲޱȡ
ȻûлжԷĹʹǿҲǰ׷ѹͷһݣɫûлͷӰ˲䣬͸оá
һ̣ͷϿգͷɫٴͻȻֻ֣۾У¶ŭĹâ
ֻ֨һ漴ֻ۾Уͬʱðںΰ⡣
⣬ڰȻ㣬۳һâһ˲䣬ʹͷ֮ϡ
Ȼܣȴǳˡ
ǺںԺ˲䣬Ȼ䣬ֻԺУһɿµХʱ
漴һ츲أԵĴʹȻԺд˲䶪еĳͷʹ˻
Ӱܣޣ
Щ֮꣬ܶиᣬҪһ㣬ܷ񹥻ʿꡣ
һʿ걻ƣ˳Լ򿪵ͨ룬ռȵ׿
ˣʵвã߾棬ʮʮױãһ¶
ңˣľ쳣ǿΪԭ򣬾֮ǿԶͬʿɱȡ
˵ǿıΪ
ҲˣƽʿԵֿ깥Ȼͷ˲ʹüԼǣ֪Σգҧأס̨һ

ͻȻ䣬ü֮УһɫӡĺۼͻȻ͹֣Ȼɢǧ⣬˲ȫ
䣡
ֲͷӰ𷢳Ĺͬ⵽µУ˲䱻ӵһɶ
ͬʱеͷӰǴݵı飬˲ʧڰһͣȡ
ֻںΰĹ۾УҲ¶˾ŭŵĸֲͬ顣
ô֪͵ʴף⺣޼ܣǰһʹ
ǰ꣬쳣ǿ󣬾Ȼסһңû뵽ǣ侫ʶ֮УȻľһӡ
ӡһƽʱԣҵټһʶ⵽˲ͻԶз
һ£Ӱ˴Լľ񹥻ȫ飬Ҿӡ֮ͨͨ˲䴫һ˲ˡ
֮Ҳһݣͬ꣬һͻȻ飬漰Դ벻Ҳѡ
Ӱ˲亦ˣǰ࣬ǰͻȻޱȿԭֿɵõķ⣬ҲüޱȣЩǡ
ͣ
Уǳɫһģٴڰжȥʧ
ǣôܷŹ
ȻҲûϵǱѾõľӡȻٴαͷӰ˳ԼһͷӰ
ǼȻˣסȻ̫ˡ
һͷֵ꣬Զ߽ͨɱȣʮͷͷᲢۣϾĿ³̶ȣ̫ǿˡ
Ҫ̶ȣҲֱ
Ȼˣûд㽫ɱϣȻԸŹ
ǣ۾һ漴۾еĹâ˲תȴǴ߶˻ͫĵڶͫӡͫ
ӡܷͫӡռ䣬ޣԽԷĳּܷӡʩչɳǿޱȡ
ǰΪʩչڣħͫ뻯ӡͫҲ˴ɵĵزͫͫҲţСɵĵز
ԣʱѾܱȽϴݵʩչڶͫ
ȻھЩǿ󣬿֮УʱȥӰȴǹ˲ˡ
ڶͫͻȻʩչʱɫ˿ߣͬһɫǺۣ˫Ŀ֣֮ʵʣҫ˫ĿһƬ財
ɫ˿ͬһ˳ȥȴǶ׼Ӱ𣬶Ŀռ䡣
˲䣬˺ѿռܵӰȴȻ֣һҵ𵴺󣬾Ȼ·һشŵס
ǿУȴǼߣ˲
˲䣬ͷӰ۾ϵһ¶˼֮ɫһθܵв
һ֣ὣٴ֣ԶƣطɻУ׼˽ͷӰ֮ʱȻ䣬ɫһ䣬еĽͣԭء
ԶһƾƲξϲһӰ̤Ь޴٣ȫѹ򡣡
û뵽֮ĵһ࣬Ȼ㣬Թһ壬ǣ̫ˣ
Уһ˵ĺдԸóĿС
ͻȻ̧ͷͷϿգͷ·ͷӰ𣬸ǲ޵⣬Ц
ң͸һݴ񣬺ٺ٣ӰǼֵϻֵļƷɣȻˣȴԶ͵ҵУҪлˡ
ŻһӰһϮ£ü罣а΢ЦĴӺڰ֮˳
ͷϿյͷӰڿ۴е˫֣س˳ɲ֮֮ɫ
ڣʥ
Ӱ֣ͷ⡱һ֮˫ĿȻһе


366 ɱڣʥ
ǺǣѵʦܻǵңΪ֮ͬ꣬˵õҶһһֵġ
ڣʥ䣬ȴ΢ЦĹ˵
飬Ǻǡ
пЦ
֪տ²ˡ
ڣʥֵһ˲䣬֪У˿ֻֻһܰȻ뿪ˡ
ڣʥ֮е֮֮ӣŵʱڵӰǰ۷ڡ
Ӧѩһ𣬽ˮ³ˮ³ʯͻѨ졣
Ϊ󣬼ʹڶӰУҲҫ۵֮һ
ڣһˣȴΪڣ֮𣬶Լɱ治֪˻ǲҡ
ΪԼһֱѹĴʮֿ̿࣬ŽĴٶȷɿ졣
ҲΪҪԼʱʱ֮գѵð
ɳȻ֮ǰԤϣһлᣬڣʥ϶Լ֣ңõĻᣬӰԹ
Ͼ˴£ҵشƫƧͨ黷ƣֶֻǸڵһЩӡ
ֻҪ׼ᣬɱԼͲõκ鷳Ƹ꣬κ˷֡
ȻԤϣǣҲû뵽Ÿսûãֻû׬أ磬ͻȻ
ǣעҲӲء
ҲȫȻûһ׼ȫû׼Ҳö֮ģڣʥһ𣬽ӰԹ
ԣ΢΢һ֮ܿɫҲٴλָƽʵڣʥ
˵أ
ڣʥǺǡһЦһ˿˵䣬ֻһ۱
Ŷôͻָƽ۾Ҳһ˿ȣǺܿͻָ
֮䣬Ѳɵ⣬𣿡
Ҳףʹûڣ֮𣬵ǣڸϣͼɱԼһĻ֮䣬Ҳһǲݡ
ԣ仰Ȼֻһϻ
ڣڣʥı飬Ѿ˵һС
Ҳٲκҵ֣һ롱ƣ˵ȻˣǱɣ
ǧԹ֣Ȼܵ⣬ҲֻУֵ¼ˡ
õڻɱ֮ǰһҪ
ڣʥ״ɫת䣬ȴûֱӳ֣ͻȻ֮䣬˫һʮɫģ˷ȥ
ЩˮɫģһֻаưСߣ˳ʰ֮ɫâתı棬֯˿ˮƣԡ
ˮ죡
ֻһۣ̲סɫ΢΢һ䣬ϳһ졣
죬ʮһһķʽ£˲γһʮɷΧСרŸʶй⣬ڶһ󷨡
󷨣ͷ֮Ч֮ͬĳЩ棬ȴй֮
Ȼ϶ϵΪĵǿ
ֻһۣ׶Էʲô˲СĴǵսȦӣˣԮ
ȻҪĿ϶ǣͻȻܣǰպÿ̽ڣʥɱͬŵӵĶУԣҪõˮ
ʮɫһͬȥ֮󣬶˷ʮطɫ˲ʯ֮һݡ
漴ڣʥ˫һӣһ
ʱˮɫ죬ɢһɲ⣬ɲڰϵһ漴ռһΣɲǼ䣬ش
ֻȻ䣬һ漴ܿռ䣬εɫĺ󣬶ڣʥվںģҲء
ƣ濴һƬռ䣬ͻȻʧڵ棬ֻûһʱᣬҲ۲첻Ƭռ⣬ΪͻȻ·ˡ
ţڣʥΪʱ䣬㹻лɱˡ
Ǻǣô
ɫ䣬Ŀһͬʱȴ̫ϡ
ڣʥ˿һսʵֺγˡ
д赲Ƕ˭кô˵һء

ڣʥ귨֮üһЦǵ֮ɫΪѾϵ⣬׸ˡ
漴̧ۿһۣɫռϿգֻԾɱս֮еĺɫһȻһ֣һɫ
磬ӣۡһͶͷɫǰһѪ⡣
ֻ༸βҲϢֹͣ
ͬʱ֮ϣ⻪ţһڹӶ漴ͷɫ𳹵׽ԭء
Ѫ޵磬һʮֺر
رԶ࣬ڣӵмǿĽ֮Ч
˴սУģ˹ನգ˳ȥԲʱöѪѹס
ȵսȻ⴦ãջһʻ֡
Ҫɱֻ꣬ҲŹġ
ʼɣ
漴ɫһ䣬ؿ˵ʦܣУ
ǺǣãΪȣʦּȻ곤ȻӦʦȳ֡
ԣĿһ񲨶䵽˷ʱֵܳһΣͬʱұΪŵ״̬
ϣȴ糣ʮƽĻظ
ǺǣôǾͲҪʦֲˡ
ԣݹʥ֡ڣʥɫһ䣬һܣսپԳζ࣬
ǣ˫һڵ˫֮ϣȻð˹ĺ󣬷һȭ
ݹʮ
ĺɽ糱ѹĳѧݹʥеĵһУݹʮ
˴ټʹȴһΣڸɽ֮ʱȴǿʮ
ȻһֹһڽĽͬˣΪɲ
Ȼ˿ֲĹȴΪһΣ̤һĵӰѾһС
Ӱţ
棬һµڣʥ֮ɫһɵĺ
ȻûϵȻҲѧĳѧ֮һ岻ѧӰ
漴뵽ʲôЦԭˣͻƶʱõһѣѧӰжĵӿɱȡ
һʲôڵӰ
ৣ
һҲȻԭضȻʧĵһģһĲӰ󣬶󣬶Ȼǰ
ĵӰһգڣʥӰ³֣ڵ˫һӣһһģһĿݹʮ
һξλøӵ꣬ɵͷȻһЩӦֱֻ˫ۣǰ΢΢һ
飡
һ죬ʹ˳㵹ɶͷһһѪӿдһ
ûϵһʱ䲻ڣʥȻĲѧӰ˴ɵĵز߾磬ػӰ
ػӰѣȫᲢۣѹҡ
ٶȣӰСɾ磬ĵӰĴɾ磬ɾ֮ڣʥĶ֡
žʱҲ˲֪ڣʥҲ˵ùȥܳǲ
ԣ٣ڼ֮Уһ˲˫ۣĹѾڿ޸
Ʒķд壬޲˵Ч
ټ̷Ʒ𣬳۳Ƶķ棬϶Ҫǿ
ϺɫĻתĹۿɼٶȣٻָϢ䣬ȫ糣
ʱҲѾѹסͷӿİѪһʯ֮һ㼴գ漴˷ڣʥȥ
ҲҲһУ

ӿɫ棬ڳ۳Ĵ߶£˲ˮɫĿռ䣬󣬳Ŷڣʥϯȥ
ǽΧֲ棬ɲǼγ͵ĸ£ܲʮˮɫ죬һȣ̡졣
棬ڣʥδϵ˿ָܷ˹Ĺɫ΢΢һ䡣


367 ɱڣʥģ
ɫҲͲ֮ѣڣʥվǳˣܿͻָ糣
ɫ䣬صһ䣺СѡԱƻ򺮱磡
˵꣬ȫ£ʱɫıϵ
Щϵ˿˿ƣʼеתۼ䣬ǳһԨɭء

ڣʥһ˫һɫ㳯˷Ӷܿǽײȥ
ഥڣȻʤһվݲס֮ࡣ
ǽ򺮱һ̬ʱһ֣һȫɭϺеɫӰе
һΣӰһΪݻǽͬʱֳƣһʮƣӡȥ
Ԫƣ
ֲɫƾ飬ڸգδΪЯǧ֮飬ӳɫһɫ΢΢һ䣬оȫⶳסһӲ
á
ɫһ䣬۳ʱﵽ⣬Ѹٱɺ⻯ȥ
漴һΣ˷ȥ
ӰΣ
֪ԼӰȫڣʥĶ֣ɴ಻ãƧ辶УһʮԻԵ
ٶȿԷֻҪԷҲԼɡ
Ӱ飬ֹǧ
ɲӰؿɱȣȻȫǻӰһʤࡣ
ʹڣʥҲ΢΢һ㶡
һ֮䣬Ѿ˿ȥӰʱ֮һգֻһЩӰ֮ϣһա
ô
֪ⲻڣʥһ˿䣬Ȼվԭز
ͬʱ˫Ŀ΢գ£תڣգ֮䣬˾ȻͬһźΧ
ڰӽ磡
Ȼ۾һ˫۾ɲ֮䣬ȫĸ飬·֮ħڱ䣬ɭǡ
ħѻ꣡
ڱӹܣһӰǰ֮ɱըȻ˫У׽һӰ
ΨһӰĺڰӽ֮£ʧԽʵ
ʱڣʥЦһһѾɲǼԭʧץסˣ
ɣħӡ֮ؼ
¡
ֻһֻһֻ֣˲䣬Ͻӣ߰
ͬʱм䣬һֻڵİӡӡ棬˿˿ƵİɫͬδΡ
ৣ
һƴаɲǼ䣬״ħޣͷ˲ʱݣһ˿ĺ⡣
ԭΪԼ˻ƭڣʥЩʱ䣬ûϵôͱԷơ
ǵʲôͫƺʿ룬Щħ紫µħ
ʱɻЩʱ̣ΣͷΪû׼ʱʩչܣˡ
Σ
ڴʱһ˫ĿһȻ˫ʮָͬ㳵һת˾һ֮УԭضȻʧԭֻһӰ
ۣ
Ӱʣոն뿪ûǧ֮һ˲䣬ͱڣʥħӡ˺Ƭ
һӰȻһӰм䣬ʵȻٴ˳
ǻ˸߽֮ǿκһ߻ʱпܱԼı壻Լı壬Ҳʱܱһ߻
ȻǴˣԾģȴǴڳˣǷˣǿʩһУĲ̫
ңΪղţĸоΣֻҪԳôһ˲пܣڣʥħӡ˺Ƭ
һʵӰ֮ԶħڣʥɰԷΪ֮ǿʵֲֻ֮£˵౶ˡ
ΪѨҲһ£Ϊλֲ˹ѵҲʲôɣ
˼̫࣬ڣʥһУ˻ӰΧ
Σֻһһʹý֮ܿȥʼɫò԰ס
һδͷܣ񵶼裬Գôһ֣֮Σ亹乶£˲ʪ͸
ҿʲôʱ򣿡
ڣʥЦΪ⣬֪ǿȵʹþΣǿվֲ֧̫á
ˣ
һ֪̾һܣվ;
οٶȣԶԷһֱʩչü֧ţʱѡ
û취ˣвԸ޿κΣ
һܿڣʥĹ֮Ȼ֮䣬վԭأڣʥһʩչħӡ£ȴʼһɱ֮
ӡһȼ
˫ĿȻһƬͨ죬֮ͨУƻһӨɢһɿֲĸ֮
Ūʲô飬
ڣʥ״ȻЩɻ󣬲ǧѷɲŹ
ӥ׹ãԨ
һ̧ħӡڣʥһִδǰֹƷ
ֻ˫һУһֻֻڵĴӥƺӾ֮׹䣬زã֮ѿ
ã֮УһɫľеƬҫĿŤĴƲ㡣
Ȼ֮䣬ɫͷһݣ֮µһԨȥ
Ԩ룬վһ
ڣʥǣ¶һ˿Ц֮ɫ
Я֮ɫħӥɢֲƣһ볯
ʱȻ֮䣬µ棬ѣһڰУŵľ档
ÿһһ棬ȼգͬһ置

֮Уӥŭ뱯漴˲ڻӥʧӿ֮ϵڣʥΧС
ôܣ
ڣʥʧɫȫûϵһĻɫʮʲôҲܻܣܣ
ߣ
Ȼ֮䣬һҵģԭǰʹóڣҲ˲ˡ
ħ壬
¶ʲôģڣʥȻ֮䣬վԭأ˫һӡ
漴ΣȻԽԽԽԽ󣬱һصľˡ
ͬʱϢҲǱǡ
Ѩ۷壬ѨڳΣѨжΣѨ۷塭Ѩ۷壬벽
գ֮䣬ͨˣȻӵ˰벽ǿߵķһ֮䣬ܹشأγĿֲ
漴ڣʥ˫һӣһ֣
նȻһƬħ
ħ֮Уһڵķƺ̫շȻڣʥУ洫İޡ
һɫķƣͬ׵͹ԣͬ˽ס
ֽ׼
Ӱ
ֻһۣ㶸Ȼ֮䣬ɫ䣬Уһ˿𺳣һ˿š
±ӵ͵ߣηΪߣȵȼ𡭡
Ѱ½һҲûжپߣҴѾΪѹħ棬ӡ֮
ʱڣʥеģȻһ߱ͶӰ
Ȼ߱û˼Կ϶ⲻͨ౦һħ
ϵǹħͿɼߣǳһ㡣
еǿҵļ£ȫ£ë
ڣʥôħΪʲôٻħԮ
ʱѾ˼һ£ǿҵΣУһ˲䣬ʶģʹ˴ʱʹõ
䣬뿪
ͬ£ͬʱȼըʱռһȣˮɫҲֲסͬʱѣ˷俪ըΪһƬ
ͬʱͷϿյͷӰҲӶˣֱӱⲨ޴ĳȼճ˻ҽ֮ϣһȻ߰ٻ֣һ·ǡ
ϧʱȫ˲Щ۾УȫǽţűеǵӰ
ûõġ
Ρ֮䣬ڣʥľӰһЦȻʹһУʹҲԩˡ
ɣ񽣾ħ
ڷ֮ϣһͬˮһڰССħͷЩħͷ˲һγһͨ쳤
ЯŻ֮Ȼ¡
ô
״ȻɫأΪ壬Ӧһ漴ҲǺȻһָ̧
ӡ췣
΢ţ³˸֣Ȼ֮䣬ڰ֮ϣƺأڱµľ޴ӰȻһ漴һķѡ
еĽҲ֮⻪һ󰵵һ˲佫ȫУʧ


ʮļ ǳ£


368 䶨һ
ܣ
ڣʥǰ˵ĻҲһֵܽᡣ
ȫ޾ԹߺͲʣĻɻң漴ʧ
ǰܡ
˭˭
ѾڵӰ϶պĴڣʱܲŸոڣ˳֮Ϊ
ĿѾ׼Ѩ׼˶ӵλʱֻһССŵӣԼıڣǰֵһᡣ
ǣ̶̼ȥѾ׷Լľ磬һ׷ԼĵλΪԼС
ˣڣʥҲûƵһӻı΢СӣٶȿһЩΣԼ°ܽ
ԣһΣӰԹ֮УΪ˽ġ
յĽȴԼȫԼȴĪϡ
ôܣôţôԽܣ
ǰԼô޷ţܽܣյ㵽䣬֪һֺڣ

վԭأһڣʥӰʧһʱ䲻֪Ǳϲ
Ҳһţ׳֮ĶԹᣬ̶ܶʱ̼һͨزҲֵĽĶ
ֻǣԷȴƺ;ħ
ʹõֹٻĻӰħѰʿӦյġ
ڣʥϣҲ֪غͷǱѰ
ֻǣһжԹڣʥ֮󣬶˽ᡣ
ʶҲΪþ̷һգ£һ֮С
һս治ףǽˡ
ֱкɫʧ㻺һʱҲпգڣʥ̵ĵ档
ȻʧмȴΪ⣬
Уһһ״۾һ漴һ֣ͻ⻪˹С
һǽع֮ǰڳɷĻƣһȴһͨڵĴ䡣
֮ȻڳҲǹµ飬ɻ٣սвСıΪŪˣǿɶѡεӲ
ԣƣ֮ͨ󣬾˻ȥûʲôá
ڸ߲㣬ȻعĵӣɱƣǸһô˼ߵ顣
νعΪѡεӣɱˣԣʱһá
Ƶֲ֣ܽףҲ˵ÿˣֻÿԼƻ֣
ٶƣҲûãȥģֻԼƶѡ
ԣ޶ȵı֤˸Ŀȥɱ꣬ǰĿͬʿϡ
ԣʹõڣʥҲûãĻ޷ת
ˣȻڣʥ棬Ѿİ֮࣬Ҳֻȥ޿κˡ
˷Ѿ˷һգǹأĲ˵ġ
֮⣬һڣʥƽʹõĴ䡣
һЩƷӦöС
⵹һ֮ϲ
öɫָϸ
ڵͨһͨĺɫͷͬһ㣬ԲʷǷ
Ȼⴢ䣬ҲħУ
ʶ̽䣬뿴ЩʲôƷȴֱһֹ裬ͬĤһ㣬̽벻ȥ
΢һ
ⴢȻڣʥ֮ǰ϶¹һЩƣΪ˷ֹ˵Ŀ̽
ţûʲô취ȻѾˣƣҲͲΪˡ
ħͫϢ䣬ŪƵ㣬Ȼһ㾫ϸ˿˿
Ƭ֮еĴ֮ϣһһɫ⻪ͬˮѣľں谭̽˵֮С
ֻۣ漴ɫ΢䣬һһŵɫֽҳĴӵƮǰ
ӹһֻɨһۣ漴ɫ㲻ɱ÷ǳ졣

ɫҳջش֮Уٽ뻳У³һܡ
Ϊҹζ࣬ﱻ˷֣ûʱϸȻͷпգҸȫ֮˵
£ȽսۼҪ
Ŀһַ˼
⼸ǼϿյĲƵ죬һ֧ͨ尵ɫ
Ǽ죬ڣʥ֮ǰµˮ죬һײر
ϧǣ֮ǰڣʥһսУȫ𻵣ʮһѾûκμֵˡ
һӣһ㵭ɫ漴ȫһգյøɸɾ丵βʣ
ȻϧҲ޿κˣϾ֮ǰսನ̫ǿ첻Ź֡
һ֧ͨ尵Ѫȴڴսб
Ҳ֪ΪԶΪʱˮǿ࣬ͷӰڣʥս֮꺦֮󣬲ϵѪ˿
ֽ𣬲ԼĴУȻԺܲãҲһرһ۳ҲһʲĲƸȻŹ
Щ֮⣬ջ񣬾ͷӰ׵߰ٻˡ
Щ֣ǱõˣһʽӡɵನŸͷӰ֣֮ûڣʥͷϡ
Ȼ뵽ͷӰĻֿܲ٣Ҳû뵽֮߰࣬һ֮ϲ
ֽܵսۼĨȥֽڣʥöƣҲڳ۳ڻʧ
һһ֮ʧͨһͷգ۲
뿪ûƬ̣һһӰ˵أȻһȫµꡣ
һۣǸоʲôüͷ΢΢


369 䶨
֪ڣʦܵϢΪȴͻȻʧˣ
૵صһУжʱһڵӣԲﲻϹɢɵĹ⡣
Уԭһ޵ϢתΪԾ
ƾ˸Ӧ֮ʱȴȻޱȣһƬκηӦˡ
ǸӦ飬뿪֮ʱҺڣʦܸռ˶ԷһƷֻУʱԹ֮УֻҪڰ֮ڣܻӦ
˺֣Ϊ˸õ֣׬ȡ֣û뵽ò׸֪ڣʦܵϢȴڴͻȻʧ١
Ƿʲô飿
ĿȻ˫һ̧˫֮ǰ΢΢һĨʱһɫĹ⻪Ȼ˫Ŀ֮б
ڲ࣬ͻᾪķ֣һ˫۾ʱȻͬħ˹Ϣ
Ļۣ֮Դ
ʱǰһУԭտյȴȻȻһӰǰ֣ȻȻ֮ǰڣʥһսľ
ţ
ãɫѿķ˫֣۾еĹҲ֮ȥ૵صڣʦܾȻˣֵĻ˭
Ļ֮ҲֻǳɣĻ̫УǣֶεģҲûмˡ
ȻԶһǿҵ겨˷ӿģͷ߽꣬һֻӡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬΢ԥһ֮ȴûͣԭ׼ӭЩ꣬ǻΪһźڹ⣬һʧһ֮ͨС

ʱš
תۼ䣬ʱһζ
ӰԹһʮ֮أȻ˼ҵս֮
Ȼսֻǳ˲һϢһڵǹâжʱ˼ɫ硣
һƽϢֻмֻ߽ӰӣĻΪɢ
һǹݱӣͨ߳ޱ飬ĮȻƺǰûκο赲

һ
µϯӣֿնɡڤԼʮͷи߽ΧȴŲæֽһeֵķӡ
ӡһɫķ⣬ϸ߿գ֮ĴָСƮ䡣
һ̹ʧûޡ
ڤǰУͣ

һʮֹʯңʯзЩȻһͷ벽ڣߵĵء
䣬ڣ
ڼѾ൱෨ǿˣֻǰ벽ڣҲһ˿ܡ
ͷߣ¡
Ȼʱһӣѹͷߴвʱһֻֻֽʵķ糵
糵תɫӰƮݡ
һʱȥкȻһᱬ漴Ӵ˷Ӷ
ɫЩƣ۾ȴʮֵȻİɫ֮ϣ⻪һȻ˽һǧ֡

һŲµСŮһȭͷɫӣһĹâ֮ɢȥģɫҲ֮ɫ
ʮͷ߽꣬ǰ޷֮˲һ
漴ۡը÷ɻ
ŮһЦ׵СһջУһѾʧԭز

̤̤̤
ڵ֮УȻһĽŲ
һӵĽŲƣȴйɣƺԶҡ
Ȼ䣬ٿʮֻɫƵľ޴꣬³һسķ룬ϵ£ңһӵĸѨ
ȻȴԤϣһ˿м֮ɫ٣
ֻѸͣһɲ֮䣬ѣ֮ϣͭɫȻϵ£ֳһĺɫθơ
Щķ룬̵ϣȴͬʯ顱һûн׷۶ϡ
һһڹ֮ɫ꣬ȫںڹһ󣬻Ϊʧԭֻʮ΢ı֮
һ֮£ȫ
ӵʵʵ𾪣˼š

Թһǡ
һһµӣȻʯУȼһСɵľͭ¯
ͭ¯֮ϣȼһ鲻ָ׸ǴСĺɫľƬ
һ㣬ʹƮ
ûãʯ֮⣬˻˻֮һȺɫ״˽˻˻ţɫ
ģǶǸСɾµͭ¯۾¶˵ĺâȻʮ⡣
ȻӼ״ȴֻǺٺһЦһʮöɫĵҩȺ룬漴ͬһʱһ뱬ը
䣬䣬䣡
ɫĢɫߣͬһʱǣҲѾۡ
漴Ƿ׷׻Ϊһ׹⣬ֳ֮Ϊ֡
һһǼľ棬΢΢һЦҲ⣬ʰһ漴ֵȼڶƬɫľƬ
Ʈǵڶ۶Ȼӵ£ֺܿ컯ΪĻ֮ϡ
һһա

ʱ÷ɿ죬нԹˣҪôջ񣬻ִǣҪôʮֵùһЩֻ߽꣬ùĳһãǰȡ
ߣֱӱһЩ߽귢֣޿ɱܣ޿ˣ˺ƬΪڼһеߡ
˼ͬʱ䣬ɻһȥѡνʱ䣬Ҳûжˡ
ѣʵʵսȥǣ˴˵еıꡣ
ͷӰһ㡭

Թĳ˽Թĵա
ӰһһаɽӷΣڸһƬСɽӰ۵ˣڵصԹһ¶档
ϵĳɫϣ˴ѴѵѪɫƣʮۣƽаɽвͬ
ϵϢȻҲֻѨڳΣʮֵ΢صԹһٰʮУڵ׵Ĵڡ
ֻǱЩήң˴˵غͷĿĴһۣûʲôΣգһ
漴ӻͳһɫƿ򿪣æһѵҩһУĿ


370 䶨
ڲ࣬һϳ
˺ȻǵǣϹ߿ˣѻԼżץձˣвԼаɽĵӣӡӾ档
ʱ칤ɽֲ֮ǰ彣߿ͫɢĪ棬˸ɸɾ丵βʣɳǶӯж񱨡
ǣ֮⣬һԼӡӾ棬ȴ͵͵ˡ
Ϊʱ̫ңһʱҲûע⵽ټ󷨵ǿߵȺ٣ʹҲ
ʱ򣬶ԷѾˣҲһֱûϢƱаɽ˰ɡ
ʱҲûаɽ鷳Ҳֻʱա
ȴû뵽ôʱ䲻Է֪ôȻڴӻԪ۷壬ͻѨ֮
ңͷ棬ҲһаɽѡεȺУΪ棬Ҳûб֣Ҳһ⡣
ʵʹ֪ʲôֶΣ˽ȻԹ֮Уû졣
ֻǱ飬㲵ݣ֪ջ񣬿϶̫
ң꣬ȻʮѲȻʱ顣

ĿӾ棬̷µһѵҩ˲仯ΪŨԪա
ڣԭɺԼ׵ľ˲ٴαóӯϵƣҲڿٻָ֮С
ۿٹʱָܻظԼ۷״̬
ڴʱӾȴûз֣Լ֮УһȻһֻֻǣϵֳꡣ
ֻ֮Ĵһʱܵ·ŨʱһֻͣĴǣȻһ볯졣
ֻ촥ǣڿӾ汳֮ʱʱ΢΢һ䣬㳯һ㡣
ʱ⣬ͬһ㣬˲ûӾ󱳣һţʧӰ
ʱĿеӾ棬һ漴Ǹܵʲôľ޴ʹˡ顱һ
漴£ͬͿһ⣬һʮֹϢ
ԭӢݣʱʹŤʮɲ
ֻ۾Ҳʱͬһʱ
ֻ۾ʱҲѺȻ˳֮ɫĵľͬס
ȻתסһȥתʱȴԵЩ䣬Ӳ
һߵͨУȻһ΢ĽŲ
Ӿ桱΢Ȼ䣬һϵϢȻֿٵûƬ̣ͻָ
صԭأϥ۾뿪ա
Ƭ֮֮ͨУ߳һ꣬ؿһɫ¯ȻһѨӡ
ǰϥһˣʱһʶ̧еĽ¶䱸̬֮
һԼһͬ࣬ϴаɽӷΣȻǺԼһԹԵİڵ֮ɫи
һ߳Ӿ֮ȥһ΢Цкʵλʦ֡
߿һ˲䣬ͻ
ǰӾ桱Ȼվ𣬶¶˹Цݡ
һһֻͨƣʹŵĵǰ󴩳УһѪܵࡣ
~~㣬㡭
ŵµӣ¶֮ɫ𾪣ɣ֣ڡɫһ
ûãЩɫһһȥϵ漴ʧ
Ƭ̺󣬡ͨһˤڵأϢȫޣò
Ӿ桱гƣ¶һʮ̵ֲı飬ָմȾѪ˿һʮֹĲĳһͨ˹ȥ

һ֮
ӰԹһͨһλƽӾߵżȻͷһŮʬ֮վ
ɫһ䣬æˣе㡭
Ӿ桱һЦЦޱˣȻһ˾ȻһѪâֱźϯȥٶȿþˡ
һæһ̧֮ͣ͡ƿ֮âȻɳ
Ȼ
нɵһ룬Ȼʧһգһ̣ڵ֮ͨУһ춯صĲҽС
ҽֻ֮һ漴ȥһˤڵصһʵŭ
Ƭ֮󣬡Ӿ桱Ӱٴδͨʧ֮ϣֻİ׹ǡ

ͬĲ״ֹӾһϷϣͬӵСᡱܵꡣ
Щʵǿһ㣬ɽΧɱ㲻ܣҲ׼뿪ܹ֮Σ
Щˣȴûзɵ֣ѡε죬ӰԹ֮У֮ڡ
дɱǱЩ긽֮󣬾䣬ͬһƤȴһħĳɱ
һʱ䣬ӰԹ֮УণһֹϢ
ǣ㾳һЩʵǿǷ֮ڽĹۡ

˽ӰԹĵڰգ֮ڽ졣
һգĳ֮ͨУȻһʵۣŮӣ߳
ŮӣһϻϻУһѩ׳һͭм䣬ɢһ쳣Ϣ
ŮӣȻһνӰԹĶʮ֮һ츳Ƶ˵һˡһǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
δɫѩ²һ˿˺ۣɫҲûо뵡֮С
ȻӰԹ֮еһЩΣգ첻ʲôвʮɡ
Ȼ䣬߶ĽŲ΢΢һͣϢ䣬ŵһŨҵѪ֮
ţ
Ӧѩɫ΢΢һķѩ궯һ£ȴһģְ
üͷһ壬漴һתƫԭķ򣬳һͨȥ
Ƭ̺˫üһ䣬һɫĴУ֮ϣһʬ塣
˿̣ʬ֮ϵѪѪҺʣȻãϻɢһɵа
ǰ񣬷
Ȼ֮䣬Ӧѩ˫üһķѩһԶ뽣ϻ׹һ
ۡһѨϿգһͷڳ˲Ϊ룬зһ֮Ȼû뵽ô챻෢Լı塣
۳ѪɢһŨصаȻһͷ츽꣡


371 䶨ģ
˽ӰԹĵھգҲѡνǰһա
һʹֽᣬȴ͸һɲɣζˣͨ
ɣ˫ĿˮµԭڵӰһˣڵĶӰƽ̶
Ȼ䣬ߵһ룬Ȼͣס˽Ųͷһ࣬ĿźڰеصȻˣɣ
¸¡
Ļһɲ˹ϢˣȻںڰ
һ˫ӣͬѪɫĻ棬ںڰ֮ȼգϸɢһʮǿ
˲ǱˣȻͷаɽĵӣӡӾ档
֮䣬µĵӣˡ
ɱԽ࣬ԽŤ󳹵ɥҲûһ˿ĸ飬ȫͷռݣֻ֪ɱȡ֡
ңҲһֱûʲô̫ǿĶ֣һ·˳˳ˮ̶׷
ԭ밵ؽȴû뵽ԷȻʮɾ룬ȻҲܷ֣˳
֪޷ܣҲ˳
УΪֻһ΢ǿһЩ࣬ʳϵ⣬ôĥһ١
ϧǣҹעˡ˵սᣬΪһϵˡ
ꣿ
̶˫ĿУһһţʱӾʶ֮У̾һͷԽ׳˼ֵ꣬ʱŭҲɡ
ֻһָ֣ʱɫĽ
ɫĽ˿ĻȻһʥϢһ̣ӾԺУͷ꣬ʱһʵĲҽУһݣԾ
һ̣ɫ˿һˡ
ž
ֻǿ󣬷ȴǼһ֮£ʱֵסһİ漴𣬵ϼɢ
̾ʶеɢȥӾҲͨһԵڵأϢʧ
꣬ѱͷɵһ֧ıԴҲѲ棬ͬ
ˣͷ⼸Ҳܳɳĵز
ϧǣ̶ʹУҲָľӢӡ
ǣעˡ
һ۵ûϢаɽӣ̶üͷһ壬Ȼһָ
һɫĻ棬ʱ䵽Ӿʬ档
ɱ֮㳬ɣ
⼸ֵĳڣɫʱʢ漴ӾʬС
Ƭ̣һ֨֨һɴ̱ǵĳζԭֻһѻҽ
ӾʬϵƣͬһʱɻҲ䡣
̶ޱ飬Ȼаɽӵôϣüͷ΢΢һ֮ͼǰȥ
ߺһ紵ԭصǶѻҽҲ֮׷ͨ˴֮ͨУҲѰһۼˡ
Ҳð

ʱ÷ɿ죬գۣһҲѹȥˡ
գˣӰԹĵʮա
һգһ¡¡ľ죬ӰԹĵڴȻһ޴ȱڣ漴һ˽
ͬʱһ۵˵Ķ䣺ѡѶλŵĵӣץʱ䣬Ͻɡ
һ֮ͨرգܳΪԸ
ϵƣ漴Ҳһ⣬
ʱлԹص׵İڵӣȫӦ˹
ѾѾȷı־ˡ
˻ϲǣͨȻỹر֮ȴȻֲԸڴ˵ع֮мȥˣһ𣬻ʰݻƣŵعڴɱ
Ƭ̺վغİڳǣͿһӰڳϣĴǰһ
漴ҲûȥϷҵľ޴ɫĻ񵥣Щ˾͸һطϥµҩظơ
ʱһһֹȥԽԽ˴ݳƽ֮ϣҲ˸ڵĵӣѹѹһƬͷ
ʱĹȥĵԽԽ٣棬ʱѵüһӰ
˶֪ʱعеģֻ´ѾˣЩԶЩģʱҲӦյϢ·ϡ
ٹһʱܳģƾȫˡ
ʱѾһЩˣȻָ˹пϾܸŵӪ
ǣһЩۼˣܿʮķ֣ӪУٵĶ˼ˡ
ǡ
һ漴ֲ̧ͷƽϿգ޴ĻɫĻȥ
ɫĻ֮ϣһƬɫռʮ֮һʱ˶ɵɫһ䡣
˹𣬾Ȼô䣿
Щϣ˿˵Ϥ֣磬Ӿ棬ʮţ񣬾ڣʥ
һʱˣ޲һɫ


372 䶨壩
ʣʮ֮УΪҫۣصһ϶ӣڣʥɡ

ӪС
ڣʥȻ
ҲѹЩ𾪣𺳣Ϊڣʥʵ̫ˡ
ȻڣڣʥֵĲࡣ
֣ʹǶΪ׵ķ봨ɪ⼸ˣҲ˵һЩ
Ͼݹʥ֡ĸ֣ǰ׽еģԭڵУ̶Ӧѩ飬ǵ֮ĵһ
ңΪչҲǳ֮죬˵Ѩ̶࣬ѾͻƵѨڵΪ
ٶȣ˵ѾǷǳˡ
Ҫ֪ѨԺÿһСǳѣԪǽȻͬˡ
ѨڵˣѨڵڸ˵
Ȼʱûû˵ѨڵĴţֻһʱ䣬ʹѨѨڣѾǳ֮ˡ
ܶ˶²⣬֮ڣпͻѨڣʮ֮ڣ˵ܴﵽѨ۷壬ʮڣ˵ܴһ˿ƿ
ȻûΪһͻƷɾһ벽ӦҲǺʣȵˡ
Ͼܽˮ³ڶ֮ˮ³ʯģûһǼ򵥵ˡ
ʹΪ׵⼸ˣ봨ɪģƺҲûһȵĻԵ
ڡȴͻȻѸ
ǰԲ֮ȣȻţ𾪵Ըӡ
˱飬ҲȻͬ
봨ȡȻ֮ϾڣʥϵҲȽĮȻ
Ĵӳϣ볤ϣȴɫ䣬ʮˮȻʮʹϧ
Ҳ⣬ڣʥ֮һλ벽ǿߣ˵Ȼܲ˵һ޴ʧ
ֻǿϧҲ֪ӰԹȫƾԸ֮ǰ֪֮Σ
ȻѾ֮״ʱ䣬ȻҲûʲôֽˡ
ˣȻʹϧҲֻв֮
裬񾩣ƷɵȣЩ𾪣ϾڣʥȽ죬һ֮¡
̶ӦѩȣҲɫ΢΢һ£漴ͻָ
ֻһˣܾ֡ɫԿڣʥѸ͵ʹͷ֪ʲô˭Ҳû۾
ȻڣʥΪʲôʱȻҲԽࡣ
ԣҲ㿴һۣͷԺУȴǻڣʥǸɫ䣬ԼУҳصĽɫҳ
䣬֮
䣿ʲô
뿪ʯ֮ͨ漴һƧİȫ֮أٰڣʥĴеĶһ顣
ڣʥĴеĶʿв²⣬ȴ޷֤ʵ
УмڣħĵҩһͲ֪ʲôö
һöڰѪ滨ɢŨصѪʹļʶҲûϳ
ǷҩǺ绨˵̺޾Уһܶħ࣬࣬Ĵٽá
Ψ࣬ûкôʮ֮򲻿ʳ롣
ȻҲǱѰԭ뽫ȥ뵽õŵĵطҲҲ֪ڣʥŪЩΪʲôҪĴڡ
һ뵽ͷʹطٻһħɭɭĳʹһħĽҲͲˡ
⼸ڵҩһѪֻ绨֮⣬⣬һƷĸ齣һαȭס
󣬾ǴǮԼŵɫֽҳ
ǿڳҲһħҲû˼ʹù
ǰȭףӦ˶Ŀġ
ڣʥȻ⣬ֻǲ֪ʲôݣˣһ˰ˣҲ²ⲻ
ЩΨŽɫҳ˼⣬Ϊϵ֣ȫһͷˮͷԡ
䣬֮ȻһֻǣڣʥһޣҪһݿʲô
ңٵһϲͨʹˣҲóͬСɣеĹʮָӣӡ
ʹʱΪѨʿһ֮ȻҲͷǣһֲܺϢĸо
ֱ϶򵥣ֻ¾ڣʥܵԴ
Ҳ⿪Ҳ֪ڣʥݡ
ϧڿ϶ʱһΪ֪ڣʥⶫġ
ʱٵ⣬϶ܽ⿪µĶҪһЩٵ伮Լ֪ʶпܣԿһˡ
еͷ£̧ͷʱһʱѾȥڣóҲˣûģҲԶٳˡ
ڤа䣬׿Ⱥḡ˾ߣ˾ͽмҶаȻССȡһ䣬ȫù˴һࡣ
ҲЩˣǵʵôܳ££ǲǲ
ڣʥ⣬һ⣬ֻ¾Ҫ׷ˡ
漴ڳվǰʼ


373 䶨
һ칤ɽ洫ӣİϻḡû֣ǧİʮһ
ֵڶаɽϯӡƷ桯а䣬û֣ǧʮġ
ֵϯӣֿնɡڤû֣һǧʮ
ֵߺ֮糵û֣һǧ߰ʮ塣
ֵ壬ħӡ˾ߣû֣һǧٰ߰ʮһ
ߣڰˣھţʮֱΪ˾ͽмҶаССסû֣ǧһǧȡ

£ڳϱһ˴Ŀĵ֣˶Ǵ󻩡
ȻԤϣЩ˵Ļ֣˲ɵһľԼͲģ˲ɥޱȡ
ǰֱ࣬ڰҲһ࣬ǣǵͷ㡣
Ҫ֪ܶ棬ʮʱ䣬ûͷҲżϼͷ䣬
ܻüʮϰٸ֣ǲס
ǧģѾееȴˣܵǧеٮٮߡ
ǿ˵ûоս޾գܡ
һͷڣҲٵһǧ֣Щǰģ˵ʮлɱȼﵽʮͷʮͷڵĹģ
һզࡣ
ȻҲ֪ȫǹƲܣǿǷĴڣ֣Ҳ֮⣬ԸһЩ벽ڼꡣ
ˣܴ˹ģҲʮֿɲˡ

˻ɥ֪Լϣˣÿһ֣ӵеĻһЩ
ǰʮڶģЩ˵Ҳ룬˸֣֮ء
˭ܽ룬˭ܣǸصҪ
ʮһºȻû֣ǧٰ߰ʮһ
˻
˼Ȼ
ºȻ͡糵׿ȺͬΪߺ֮һһΪߺۣһΪߺ֮ĩ
ʹˣ˿ûһΪȻ򵥵ģһֱڤ֮ڣˣȻֻ£Ҳǧ֣˶֪ôġ
ѵڤˮǣҪ󷽣Ը뿪Լߣⱻߣ
ô룬ߺȼˣûһǼ򵥵ģж㣬Ҳǰʮ֮һ
뵽⣬˲ľȻ䣬ȥ
ʮţɴ
ʲô
ȫȫΪ֮Ȼ
ɴ֣Ҳİ෴Ϥ
ΪϤ˶˹Ź֡
ɴǲһʥ֣ɱϡ˾ֻܺǺˡ
˵ͻѨûжãȻϰ񣬶ҺȻʮǼһȺ˵۾
ȺУվȺҲ۾һԴһ˿⣬ԶУɫٻӰһۡ
ǵɫٻӰƺоעӣҲ߻һۣ˵ڰн㣬ָ˿ȥ
֪ôɴ΢΢һ죬عͷȥ֮͵ͷ΢
ʮӦѩ飡

֣һ֮ȫӣȫɵˡ
Ӧѩ˭
ַ֮࣬׷׾ϲԼһ֮⣬ˣɴ࣬Ӧѩֶû˵
ǰô˵Ų꣬ԭֻڵڵж˵ˣȴͻȻ½̨ҺȻһˡ
ʮѾһǳߣ𺳵ˡ
ҲɵٴγһƣԼһӳԵľҲûнһࡣ
ɴӦѩ飬˵ʵ˶⣬˵ɴǳ׵׵⣬ӦѩйһЩ²⣬Ҳãϣ࣬ٸ꣬һ꣬϶ܽȥȴҪ㡣
룬ȴһϲҲĪ˵Ǿ£һٴ˵ʮƣĳǣҲδһϢҪ˵ÿϲĻȥˡ
ȻӦѩ֮ȴɱģֻǾվͬѩܣ˵ķ׷֮ͬδš
׳ϲŲܵڵӵĮޱȵʮ¥׷
ʮڣ硣
ʮ󣬷
ʮ̶
ʮ
ʲô
ʮģʮʱ˻¥׷磬ǳѾõĸ֣ʮ
Ȼʮʮߣʮ˸ʲôȫһŵģʲôʱԭ׵ţôǿˣ
˵ŵĵӣˣҲһá
ҲͰˣϾ˵Ĵʦ֣˶ʵ˽⣬̶ʲô
ѵһӦѩ飬һ£Ҫһɱƥ⻹ǣڵ޷ٸߣ˵۾һˡ
ȻףλȴѺ˾ڣصˣˣλɢ˰ɣһ£ֵʮˣǻϸĸǽ˵ļƻ
ɢᣡ
һֱ֣ȥһƬȻԲţˡ


374 
ûбֵģȻʮƣԽܡ
ЩֵģȻϲ񣬺͸˲ѡ
ˡ
Ȼڴ֮ǰѾ֪ԼõĻ֣ǧʮһҲ㲻٣Ծ
֣ԼϣȻǧ࣬Ȼḡа䣬ڤ˵Ļ֮Ѿ
һʣµԽ٣ԭΪԼ˴ΣҪʧۣ֮ɽˡ
û뵽ɽû䣬Լɽڰ֮һһ
⻹֮ϲ
ȻǶֻĩβֻҪܽУ㲻ԼΪϾ޷ǰЩȡ
ңУвΪԼҪǿöࡣ
ŲۣԼţС봨ȱɪģƺʦãȡ
ţҪ˵
Ѫģ껿գյȣʮǿĴڣѡʵڹ٣Ҹ̫࣬ǾӦð
ΣԼǽ֮УһϣҪˡ
ĵľǣϢǱ뵽󷽣һ˵ʮ
ʱ䣬ԼҲҪһЩ׼һЩˡ

뷨Ѻѣǧѩ÷ʫ˪ȣһкξ˼֮㼴ȥˡ
һΣ˶ûѡҲѹ֣Ȼϳ֮Уڰ˴żż棬ȴûǡ
һΣҲֶξϧƵƵʹ췣֮ǧٶ֣ϼѡ
ˣȻͲӵˡ
Ѻѣǧѩ÷ʫ˪ȣȻԼѡʮ־ɥԶʩף֮ǧҪСġ
ϾҲ֪еΣգ˲ѡ治˵Ǻ»ǻ¡
˵ĳɰܣҲϵǵԽûʲôȫҲȫ
ȻҲпܣˣԼȫˣֻǣûһʱҲֻ߿ˡ
Ӧѩ飬̶Ҳ뿪ˡ
֮ǰǻһۣȴʲôҲû˵ǻ˵ͷ
һΣӦѩ飬̶ѡӣȴֻзһˣ˶о⣬ֳԾ
ˣڶġ봨ġȱɪģġǧģŮɢƺ񣬼˵ĻֶʮҲж࣬Ҫ˵ˡ
Ҳֻűˡ
֮ǰϤ˴ΣȻǴĿ࿴һ֮жУ˿Ҫжͬһţ϶Ҫ໥ţϾȻͬʱѡûһѹסŵĶӴͷȻܲСĽġ
˾٣ҲҪ˽һԵӦԽĸӸӵľ档

˶½뿪֮ԭرһƬ壬ģһ󡰸¸¡֮ԭеͨرգγһƬһʯڡ
ӰԹڣͬûгֹһ
뿪дĳأֻû֪˴˴ţôŵӡ

Ǽϵɫǵ֮һСͣصڹŵ
룬һ޴֮ͭɫȻӲɣƺһϢ
Ĵ½ͭȴѾãøոյ˵ˣ棬ЩȣƵƵ
ʱһһֹȥ׵ļˣҲ̽롣
һ£ЦĹСŮḡ£ǹа䣻ģһƽǵƺʮһֻ֣ײһֻشϯӣڤ
糵׿Ⱥħӡ˾ߣ˾ͽмһҶ֪Ҷ񵶹ӡаȵȣ̵
˴ңųţмһΡ
ιоţд˿̴󲿷ݿţֻ棬ˡ
һˣ֮ǰڹʼͽĻ壬ƾ˾ƣ벽Ϊ
һ֮ǰǰ³ϣ೤ϡڰѨ۷ԲΪ
һȻ˴εĴӳ֮һ볤ϺϣѨ۷Ϊ
У˴εĴӳϣʵͣûʸ⡣
뵽һ̫ϳϡףһֱһռĸӽ֮һһڣڶڣڶȲϣ˶־ãʵ飬ôˡ


375 ׼
ô룬˴δںŴжģϡ
ϻ˵
ΣػģĻ壬Ҳ֮ǰӵ³ϡ೤ϡڰ񣬶Ȼŵӳϣϡ
ֻĿϵɨһȦһȫ룬УӺҲɴһ˿Цݡ
ʮ˸ռģ˵ռ˴ͷױȡ
ȻǴ󱬣ٹ⡣
֮һķ֮һȻ󣬵ûġ
Ǽģš
ЦЦǣıȻģΪףҪΣա
Щˣɶδһ£ֻʧһˣҲҪʹޱȡ
Ҫ˵пܣȫûˡ
ԣɫ֣࣬أ˵жǶ֪ԭʲôҲ֪ҪʲôΣա
ȻԭΣǶ֪ôҪԣŲҪٶ˵
ϵĿ⣬һһӹϵı龡۵ף˶˾壬η̬֮֮ɫһ
ãܺãĴöɣδϣ֮ڡ
һ٣ż˵ȻǶԸμεɳжҲʹѾпٵΣգԸΪ壬ηգ뵽ξһжС
ǣĽϣ
˵ɫһ˿ϵľأȻʩһһæ׷ܡ
Ƭ̧̺ͷվٴʮˣĿ֣أҲϣǳ£Ҫܳɹұ֣˵£һҪμס򲻿
˶̧ͷ볤ûеθڵ˼ֱӵ
һǳʱ䣬Ԥ֮󣬵ҲҪ£á
Ҳ˵ʱһҪԤʱ䣬ֻ硣
ȵǽȫãһƧΪ֮ǲſԴͷα棬С
Ȼʱ϶˻ᰵᵽǣһ㾡ܷģҪǶൣǣ˵ڶ¡
󷽣ΣأĴѲߵ
ɱǲ⣬벻Ƿ֣˳Ǳͷαıչ֮أȴѣ⣬ȴǳɰܵĹؽ
ԣΪһɡɡһӽرϢ٣ֻҪڼֱӷ֣ܱ֤ǵİȫ
Ȼʹӵ˴˴ɡҲɴ⣬Ҫ֪ǧ̣֮Ѩһãпܣһ񣬶ǣǣˣǳеġ
ǸˣǳĬֱأ볤ϺȻһȻΪĳɹǿ϶ֻ׼һޱɡ
ڶƷʮöӦ顣һͷϡ飬칤ɽʦƳɡ
󷽣һκɢԽɴ˸Ӧ飬ӦԷϢٴξۺһ𣬲һͷֱ
ƷһͬףżƷѪżƷŵĸ֣޾Ѫۣɡ
һͬף򲻵ѣͷöãһöըһɽ塣ʹڼޣǣҲضˡ
Ǹ;·ʱʹãһʹǱмΪض¶Ѷȡ
˵һ٣û˵ȥ˶֪Ҫ˵ʲôҲһ
˶ף浽Ǹʱ򲻵ѣʹһһͬףôֻºܿҪ󷽵Ĵ𵴣мֱӱΧȫˡ
ǣܱûкãҲֻԤһ
ˣǴ˵Σգдһܻһùȫ޻ᡣ
Ѫ˵Ҳ֪ʲô
Ǹ˽˾õģľ֮ȻҲֻţɼء
κƣֻҪһڣдʮöҩ˶һ
һ֣볤˽һͬףʮöҩַȥ֮ǰ˵ĸӦ飬öɫġޱɡ
ЩƷһƿأУֵΪҪĴޱɡ˻һģ칤ɽһ洫ӣİϻḡϡ


376 
һͬףʮöҩҲֱ𽻸˲ͬϡ
һͬףʮУʵϵ͵ˣȫ󱣹ܣţ¥һš
һȻһţŵ˾ͽмԱһͬ𲻴õǻɴõͬһͬס
һţɽ¥ĵ֮һҲʶһˣ׷繫ӡ׷
Щţ˶û飬ЩĿǡ
ΪףŸһͬ׵ģǱΣյĹͷҪȥĵˣȫˣ
ΪʵͣҪҪСö࣬ԣһ·ϣһʲôԿ˷ѹأҪģȻˡ
һͬģͬͬģ֣Ѿ˵һС
ȼգ󣬳Դ׵ޱ֮⣬ӳöͬ׵ˣ⣿

ԴˣȻ֪˭Ҳûھ˵
ͷҲһˣαھ˵ͽأ
ɴ׷ˣһۣҲ˶ԷеΣԴ˲û飬ǰȥСս֮С
ΣգͬģҲûڼޣпըˣҪˡ
˵öһͬף޷ΣĹؽ

ɴ׷ȥ󣬾ֵʮöҩķ䡣
Щҩķ䣬ͬ΢һŵı
УʵǿҲǵλҪӡ
а䣬ΪаɽϯӣȻһţڤϯӣȻҲһš
ţֱǡ糵׿Ⱥӣħӡ˾ߣԼŵϯӣ˾ͽм
ЩֱӾȻһĵҩȻΪأΪֻţ޷һţԡ
ȻҲ˵ЩҩһԼã;ˣ飬ҪãȻóһȷ䡣
࣬Ҳƣ֮λᡣ
ѪвֻͬһЩҪƣȻȲϻʣµˡ
ϯӾҶϯа¥ϯӳСС칤ɽ洫ӣףԼһˣºȻ
ˣӦѩ飬̶Լ磬һãֻһŸӦ飬һԵͼˡ

жַɣ˻ԭλվǰϣ״Ĭ˰ΣŵˣܽģҶѾˡ
˵Ȼһ溮ˮ
˴֮ҪҶ˵ԣĻᣬԲʧ
ΣҸλΪ׵ĵӣɱ֮ȨκεӣִУ̰ѣͨѵУֻҪΪ׵ͬ⣬Եִ̣
˵꣬Ŀһɨڳˣ˶ʱܵһ̹ǵĺ⣬һеĸܵĲпᡣ
̣Ϊ׵ӣȻ̵ִȨ⡭
ʮӣɵɫЩѿ
ȻҲ֪ǰڸ߲һµľ˭ҲƷˣԣȻЩԽܣɻǵͷĬ
Ͼ˭Ҳ֮ˣ񣬷ͬСɣԼҲǱȻȻЩֻҪĴѱ֮ģأЩ̷Ҳ衣
ˣǶʲôûУûУգպ䣬һỤǣĳִΧ
ûУ
ͬĻشͬʱҡҡͷ漴һ֣ˣǱɢ˰ɣúϢλˣ
˵꣬ͬλһ𣬾Ȼͬʱת泯ʮˣȻһ
״Ȼ󾪣æܿá

ҹ
΢ǵҡҷ
ڵ£ϥһ˿˿ϵԪ֮ߣֿٻصﲿλ
ÿһȦϢһȦѨжͦ
ã³һУһХֹ֮ס۾
Խ棬Խˡ
ǰ㣬߲˲㣬֮͡ڣʹֻѨڵһСƿҲ쳣ѣԳ˲ֹٱǧ
Ҳ飬񾳽磬˺ڣԽԽѡѨ⻹ʲô񷨵Щˣһֻڷڣ½ܽ׷ڵģ޼ڣֻһˡ
һ磬֮޵Ĳпᡣ
֪֮Ǵ˵еֵ֮˺εȼѵĵز֮ϣָأ
ң˼˼Ʈɣþò
Ȼһ˳˼е
ʱɿЦ
ôࡣƾһż̤ܲ˵Ҫ˵½һ˵澳˵еĻâ֮
ףâ˵еľ硣
ڣ½ϣȻûУǰ˵Դش֮󣬾Ҳûгֹˡ
âľϹʱڣҲйľ磬Ǵ˵еĴ˵أĴޡ
׾Ե㹻鸣죬õһδĻԵͷ棬δûл̤
âǾȫˣǡгһգܷɳһ磬ﵽߣԶ磬пܡ
ŬȡڣͻѨжεƿȻν
ʵԽǿ֮УҲһ΢Ļϣ
ĿʶɨԼָĴ䣬뵽ɫһͬףı΢΢һ漴Ӳҵһ֮£Ŭ
֮Ʒ۳İ֮£һȦһȦתٴη𵭵ĺâ
գۣʱһζһҹºڷߣҰʮӰȴȻ뿪ʯݣһƬƽء
ѾӰһֱվصǵ
˶֪ʱˡ
Σọ́ʼ


377 Ǳ
߰ɣ
Ϊ׵һˣϡһˣ˵
ǡ
˶Ĭ漴һϵĴ£ѪǰһΪƧ֮أȻж
һһҹ֮
ǰһƬɫ֣ޱ޼ʣһֱͷ棬ǺѹѹһƬһ޴ĳɫɽﴣš
ϿգƮѪɫĴѹֵ˴ʵȴǷǳ
ܲӰޣ಻޵Ӱ
Ͻʮ˴ͲǰУһָɫֺ󷽣˵
֣˵е֮أ˾޾
˵ˣ޶ǰΪĺѪΣ壬ҲĪ˺
ѪǰߣȻ޵ټЩط嶼֮Ϊصڡ
еһҺֱͨɽɽ֮󣬾Ѫƽԭ
һƽ˻ߵѪݣǱУ׵桮桯չ֮ء
һӦ·ߣǶ֮ǰǵĵͼϱǿУ漴ȥϣ¶١
Ȼ
˵һ٣ż˵ֻ״̬һΣգʱпƫȶ·ߡ
ʱҪԼĴǣԼʵܱ֤ԼİȫԼѰԭĿĵأˡ
ԸѪεħ裬Ѿһ˷ʮ
ʮħ裬洩гʮ֮ãȻһЩܷʱ䣬õʱ䣬ֻд߰졣
֮߰ڣҪƬǧĺѪִ֣ĳɽ
һħ輴þǾֻ취;ֱӴ򣬵ʱȴǵġ
˵һЩɭȫΪеĺѪΣΪѪΪݹǣ֪
ԣ򲻿ӣ˷ʱ䣬һҪһУֱУȡпʱ䡣
Ҫ֪Ѫǳǵ֮˵ǣһЩǿ߽ȥˣҲѱ֤ȫˡȻ˴ҲΪĽء
˴֮ǴӴ˴УΪΪƧбϡ벻
뵽ˣҲ赲ǿֱӴǵǰߣദǰϳͼ򵥶ˡΪǰεọ́Ҫ鷳
Ȼ˾Ȼʡ˲٣ħ裬ȴʵڲס
ƻ󣬲֪˶ǿ쵽£Ҳ޾Դղһһٰʮš
һֻʮţٶǾûˡ
ԣҸǣܽΣһ;Σգĵħ࣬ôʹɳпѲߴҲ봩ǧҪǿмǰ򣬺롣
ǡ
еͷǲһݣתͷɫϿգƮЩŨغʱоͲ˼ɵ֡
ʹΪ׵а䣬ڤḡˣ΢΢ЩüͷеЩ֡
ΰڷƵ֮ǻûаգᴩǧˡ
ңȻ˵ˣ޾Ҳ棬£һжһ򣬾һ
ĵطпݳɳͬЩ׶֮أҲصڡ
Щ飬µģˣԲԳ֮
ֻܱܣټҪˣʵڱܲˡ
ޣޡ
⼸ӣ뵽޲Լ⡣
տʼ;һô£ӡ
⼸ӣֻðͷĲǿѹȻͷ㷣û¶
Ͽʮһۣ漴ˣܷԸǵģѾ֮ǰˡûʲô⣬ôھͳɡ
ǡ
ԣȻ죬ͷǲͬǣʮˣһ빪볯һ񣬶һ˸Իͳһɫĵ裬£һͷ̷ȥ
漴ʮһһ֣϶ʱһ㵭ɫĶͷˣС
һݣΪʮ˵⣬ǰִ̹ȥ
ʮ˵Ӱ˲ʧڝɫǣУ૵ǣǧءףǣһҪھԴΪ칦
߰ɣ
³ڰ䣬ڵҲҪ̫ģЩӶǧһޡÿһԽսʵдˡ
ˣûôģδȫء
ڣǱֻھԴȴȴһսĻɣ
ǰҲȥɣкܶ飬ȥءһߣĻ壬ƾ˾࿪˵
Ҳֻˡ
ٴһʮʧķ΢΢һ̾漴ǿչգߣǻȥһ¾ԴĲ롣ΣҪһʧǧܵǻˣǣʧܣ
棬Σɣ
ৣৡ
һݣΪ˿⣬ʱ֮·ĴӪǼӶȥգ۲Ӱ
ԭطתֻΪһƬ˸ĶʮһӰֻ˭Ҳ֪ո﷢ʲô


378 ʩֶ
ͬʱеˣȴֻǰߺһЩΧˣֻܿһЩʮģӰӰ´¡
ǽǺεȿµĸ֣ҹȻֻܱ巽ԲɵһЩģ壬Զȫˡ
ƺܸߵעӣ˵ľʴӡ
һ˷ųȥӦľȻԽԽ֮УŵæĽ˻ʱɴ󾪡
Ƭ֣ȻǱѰ֣Ѫ֣֮أʶѹޣ޲档
˱Ͼͨˣоʶ֮Ӧ˹漴ʩֶΡ
УһġİϻḡͳһŵɫӣдǼ˫ִһӡڵɫ֮ϡ
ʱɫӹâã֮ɫͬʱİϻḡ䳯һ
˲䣬УʮɫĹ⻪⻪У˷Բʮɣʮ壬˺֣˿ûȥֻɬĸо
ţף
İϻḡı֣˲ɵóһǰոֵǿȭͷɫ飬۾ǲһ䡣
ġֿնɡڤ˫ֺʮһӷ𣬺ǿһر
ڶġƷ桱а䣬״һֱĮҲɱЩɡ
ֹ뵽ʲô˲أ૵ʥ飿
ʥ飿
֣󲿷˱ֲԣԲ֪Ϊ
ˣȴĵһ˲䣬㲻ɱɫһ䡣
Ȼǽ˵ʥĴ֪ǺεȲεı
ЩȻĽֺּ棬ǣ˭ʶȤûʳһֱĬ
˼״ҲֻбּĬ
ϾУ칤ɽһ·СŮԸɲôõģʮദ
޵֮УвˣܹĶĵѡ
˽ԸܶԶ֮Ըཻ֮
޶˵ԸʲôΥ飬ʱ򣬲ڶˡ
ḡѾȽ⣬Ը䳬ĵڶаɽϯӡƷ桱а䣬һ漴һıǹ
˲䣬ˡһġƷǹ˲ɢһӴĺâ˫Ŀ֮䡣
˫ǰô΢΢һĨǰӽ磬˲˰ٱҲԿʮ֮Զ֮İϻḡҲá
ǹ鸽
Ļɫ־ۣ૵صȻǹ鸽֣ʮ־Ľ־塣
Уÿֱ꣬Խ˷Σﵽ˷ļޣᵮԼꡣ
ǿƷ͸оԣоеƽһЩ鶯һЩ
ǣ߽׵飬ǳǿˣԼ˼άһ顣
飬ȻʮϡСһ϶ǱĲҲԦʵǿ
Ͼûǿʵûа취Ǳӵģǹ鸽һΡ
ԽͼҪԽԽ߽׵ҪԽǿ
ǹ鸽ʹӵӵУҲʹõóģٴʹѾеıĻϣǹһ壬׵ףȫȫǹһ
־磬Ȼʮֿ£һȫ߷ǱĻֱĪ⣬Աܡ
ɴȻҲƷ桱аǿ󣬺Ϳ֮ˡ
־磬ˣһԳģҲаһˡ
״һġİϻḡһǶаȥԼͷеƲƲ죬յҲû˵ʲô
ַӣ
ϯӣֿնɡڤٴһţ󣬻£Ȼʥྲ֮һɫĹƮ֡
֮УʥͬһģԵʥŷŵΧѪ챡ţͬһɢ
գ֮䣬ܵɢʮ֮ɣʮ֮ڣһࡣ
⡭
˶ʱԾֶθͬЧҲޓ죬ò˵˵ʵԶڳˣǿɱȡ
ʹĵġ糵׿Ⱥġħӡ˾ߣġ˾ͽмȣҲɵɫΪʱɫͱùࡣ
ǰҲֻദͬһʵĸ£׾ֵܷó
ˣҲԼֶ̽Σ׼ʩչ
ǣˡİϻḡչĻܻ֮ȫ̽ȡ˳
Сֿնɡڤʥֱ֮ɢΧѪܷԲʮɵࡣ
һȻֻиգʡð׷ˣڣ˼ܳǣֻǰˡ
ԣڶౣһӦԽʱпΣվ档
ԣΪ׵ġİϻḡһĮġ߰ɡУͷĻϻԡڤʩչġ硱֮Уسǰȥ
ΪսȻ֪ʱȣǣ֪ʲôΣˣûѡṦðͼ֮ӦΧĻ˵


379 찵ҹ
һһҹ֮Ѿֽǧ֮ء
ܵĿռ䣬ԽԽѹ֣һֿµ֮С
ʮˣƺֻкʮ΢ĺϢ΢΢
һߣֻ¹ͷˡ
ңʮ˸ˣȺӣȻÿжʮֵǣԽԽ顣
٣ͬ飬ε壬ôµĻš
ԽߣܵѪ֮ζԽŨֱӳǶ룬ʹǷħҲԻ⡣
ħֻܵǵĸãǵζȴƺҲûʲô̫õİ취
ѪζƺѪζǴܵЩľ֮ɢһƬвԣӿֲ˵ѹкѪ֡
ȻȺ󷽵쾯һˣзһףеʲô
漴һ㼴ŸղĿɱȥƬ̺󣬱㼴һ˺ϱϸĿ׮֮ǰ
׮ͨڰƣ󣬵мѾȫգ¶ϰ߲Ƥ
ҿûκڵĺۼУȻȴһʺ죬ⰻȻҫĿ
Ҳۼ⣬ˣΪܶѹһƬɫ֮Уǵ˸ĺ⣬ȻۣȴҲ΢ֻҲᷢ֡
׮֮ȴȻ֣׮룬ȻһҶСݡ
٣дݣһĻ澰
ҶСݣԵʾ״ͬһͨȴ˸ŵĺâɢǿҵ
Ҷ
ԶΧ۵ˣһϳöСݵ֣̲ס־ۣЩʵغ
ҶһֻԵļƷݣٴﵽƷе֮УϵһЩԵҩĲϡ
ݣȻֵƣõȥȥҲֵɹࡣ
Ͼ񵱳컻һݣҲƷ͵ȣͼֵʮ׵㣬ɹҲ
ҶԱȾݸӸ߼ǵ׼ۣпҲδ֪
ԣˣһһ˲ͷˡ
ԴˣȻĽȴֻܺڲˣȴҲûʲô취
֮ǰйԣǵ˶ԷֵģԼС
˺ֵģȻ˰չ͹ͬ䡣
Դˣ˶ûʲôһ˷֣ȻԼС
ԣ˼״֮󣬶ʱĵһЦ漴һУгһӨɫС
һСɫСС˳УǺ֮ԼĴպá
߰ɡ
˻ϲɫ˵
ԣҲûʲô뷨׷׶ۡ
һ߼ۣһΣҲɷֳһЩעܵһЩ֮żҲвٷ֣ջķᡣ
ϾѪ֣Ȼյأһ
ΪյأûҲһЩݣɱʮá
Ʃո귢ֵҶֲ֮һ
ǿѵл룬һֻҲֻһλᣬȻŹ
ֻҪ̫оȣӰ쵽ɰܼɡ
УͨһϿʱҲһżȻ֮УͨħͫǰһɽЩ֣ȡ֮󣬺Ȼһ̣ͨӯӯİƴ
֮Уˮⷺ۹ͬԾ
һĻˣΪ⣬Ц״ȴǲ۾һ漴һ૵ˮ񣡡
ˮ񡱣Ȼֻһе񣬵񣬿ɲеˮԪ֮ˮϵһЩˮϵرмĸЧ
ֵȻ֮ǰ귢ֵƷеģҶҲֵɹҲһСջ
Դˣ΢΢һЦһУҲû˶࿴˼ֱӽսԼĴ֮С
ȻĽ֪ȫƾԼҲûж룬ǰߡ
һҹ١
غ紵ǧޣľҡΣͬһֻֻħſɭȻצϮӰء
еҹԿֲˡ
Ȼʵǿ󣬵Ҳһ죬ڵ硣
δи;ҪߣҪȻʱ䣬Ҳ׼ҹߣŪھľƣ
ԣΪ׼֮ͬѰһܷ翿֮أ׼ʼ¶Ӫ
ν¶ӪȻȵطҲòȶֻҹˣȫѰһȫ֮أĿץʱϢ
ÿֻǼ򵥵ĽʳһЩԼЯĸ֮󣬾ͿʼϢνϢҲֻѡ
תۣңкӵ̧ͷ濴ȥҲһɫɲ
Ϊ£ҲѪ£ûеġ
ֻǣ˵ȻνҲ֪ҹʲô£Щ顣
ǽʲôõ鼴
ȻͷϿգˡأءХ죬һƬʲôѹѹͷϿӹ
ˣʵεǿ󣬷Ӧޱȣ׵أʹҲʱѵ״̬
ԣХĵһ˲䣬˱ȫȻ붨оѣ̧ͷ
Ȼһȴ˲ɸһΪͷϿգһʲôҲûУǣеĲУȴûмŨ
ǣ
Ȼһ˾ؽе漴˳ָķ򣬺ȻͷϿգһռʲôӹ
ôҲκӰ
ţ
Ϊ׵ļˣһۣ˶Էе֮ɫ漴ḡٴδӻͳԲ飬дǣаʹǹ鸽ڤܣٴγ˹
Ҳϣڱ˵ϣĬĬһھ漴ͫ߶˫ָһĨ˫֮У̻𣬳ǹռ䲨ӡȥ


380 аħǧ
ŵ̹⻪ħͫ˲䣬ղſһУȻֳһֻֻ͸״Ӱ
Щ飬յķɹͷϿգ²гǧֻ
ʱЩ͸״Ӱ𣬽ͬʱһȥЩСûзֻ֣˵ǼʹҲӡ
Ӱ𣿶ǳǧͷӰ𣿡
һ̣ʹҲ𺳵ˡ
һͷӰ𣬾ʮټ֪ٵһڣʥſɱ
ȴû뵽ѪУȻгǧֻӰϿշɹ֮£Ѫ֮С
⣬ɺϣ
˵ӰȺѾʧϹΪʲôҹܼң˳Ⱥӣ
˵ѪУ޾ޣûκ飬ܹ
ϷɹһȺӰν⣿
ֻ֪֪һ֪ĳʶȻٴαƷ٣ѪûĴԣȫɾš
ңͨǳ֪쳣ֲףʧõϹ
ֹһˣڴһʱ̣ˣ׿Ⱥ˾ߣ˾ͽмȣҲʹֶΣӳ֮ϵһòơ
ͬˮ֮ζٳ߷ȥգ۾ڰ￪⡣
ǣԼʹûҲ֪һǲɫһס
ʹǸ缸ˣҲͷ΢һɭɭĺͷ
Ѫ֣ȻеĸΪɲԲɾţԱȴԸӿ¡
ҲңЩӰƺǳǶĿġ
ȻƾڳʮˣʹʤֻҲһʤʮУҪһ룬ࡣ
Ҫ֪ǿɲŸոսѪûأһ˶֣ĺ֮Уֱֱزۣʦδ
ţ
ȻȺУͦǹһµа䣬Ȼ̧ͷȥȺӰȥķ
ˣȻûḡаȣȺ͸Ƶ࣬Ҳƺͬʱͬһ̧ͷǱȥ
ͼʱգһֺ£ɢĹ⻪
⻪֮£У£Ȼһ޴ľӰ
ӰǧɣħҶ⣬Ҷ£ӳһա
ľܣȻͬʱදֹߣҲͬŭ
ʲô
һָͻȻֵľӰ𾪵غ
⼸ˣͬɻ󲻽⣬ɻ󣬲֪Ȼ
а䣬ḡȣһۣ㶼ҡҡͷУʵһϯӣֿնɡڤһ£һţ૵֪Ϊ
ţ
ˣСӻһġİϻḡڶġƷ桱а䣬ĵġ糵׿Ⱥġħӡ˾ߵȡһתͷڤ
л˵ƨţѪУ˹죬κһΣпܵȫûʱ򣬻Ҵţ
һ˵һˣҲϣǣµȺͺ¿ǆ£֪;˵ɣôҲ顣
ǰʦǿ˵ɣҶء
⼸ˣҲæȰ
ӷ𣡡
ڤҲٴεһţͳؿڵһϹŵķϿϹ֮ʱһħǧһԲ֮ʱħ䣬һ£ʹħʵͻ޵ƿ
ħǱУһ֣Саħǧ޴ľӰȻЩ񣬵ǣЩ޵ĶȴпǳǿаħǧϽĹӶȥ
аħǧϹ֮ʱôŹ
ǰҲû˵ǧʳɡֹֻ´˵ваɣ
ǣǲʦ˵аħǧأǣô죬ҪҪȥ
һʱ䣬ɻ׷ףԥ۶С
ڴʱһ˺ȻٴξĴ쿴Ӱб仯ˣ
~~
һ˲æٴη׷̧ͷߺµǿþ޴ӰȥȴȻһɫ»£ħ֮ϣ󣬺Ȼһöö֦ͷ޵ĺ컨
컨ѪѻɵʺΣѹ֦׹
ͬʱЩħɣЩԲԲĹӣһһı仯
ϣԳһΡ
漴ӣͣ۾ͣһһֳ󣬾ȻһѪЦĹ
Ϲħţôźã
һеˣǰû뵽Ǵ˵еĶȻڽ֣ҳһȺ޵ǰ⣬ʼδİ
ʹǴ˵еİ֮桱ҲδػĻŹ
ϹŴ˵еĶħʥϹħˣϻûǸ׼ġ
Ķ£˶Էϵɫͳɣһʱȫû⡣
ô죬ֱƹ׺ͷӰ֮ǰȥħӰ·鿴һħҳٵ
֪ϹħĿ֮ȻֳɣһӣСʳȫһƬĬ˶Ѿ


381 رɡ
ȥǲȥ
ȥпȫûһزΣǴűҪģ
ǲȥħǴУħвħʥ
һȫ֣ѪеȫΪѷɫĴڣδ޿ֲв
вδڽ֮
ȻˣûмΣôȻˣȴܳô˻Ὣȥպѣĺΰ
һʱ䣬˲Ѿ
ͶƱɣ
ãΪ׵ˣ˵
һµ칤ɽ洫ף״˵ѡȥ
ĮǴеǳ󣬻֮Ӧö¶ˡ
һȫûͻڳʱ½Ȼһս˶⣬񣬺ʾʧܡ
Σǵ𣿡
ԣ˶ĬȻȻ˵Ļ̫һЩȴʵ
ãһ칤ɽϯḡаɽһ洫а䣬ϯаȣ׷ױ̬ʾȥ
ȻҲм˳ɡ
ϯӣֿնɡڤħӡ˾ߣϯӡ˾ͽмȡ
ѡȥ
ȻһƽڣȻһģǫͺЦϯɮֿնɡڤ
˲Ȼһ֣˾ţӷȻħвڻûгΣȴüޣǣǻδǻ
滹ûͻڣֻмʣħȴһܸѡ
Ƿ֮֮ʱҿʱ򣬳˵֮⣬˵Σ
һش䣬ĩ٣ζţʲôµĴħͷʱֽ٣ѣ
һ棬벽ǰʲôˡ
~~
һʱû뵽Ĵԡ
ħĩ֮Ϊʲô˶û˵
Ȼڳˣֿ֪նɡڤ֮֮ˣҲ󡰲˵УǾһС
⣬δǴ˵ˣпܣͻݱʵ
δħ
һʱ̣˵ж˰ء
ǵΪѵΪʲô˶ֶѣ
һ棬ƣڱĴ㣬û뵽صֻδ֡
գ⼸ˣһһ֣Ҳѡȥ
Щˣġħӡ˾ߣġ˾ͽмߵĳڵӡҶȡ
˿ȷǰȥ٣ңƺй֮
ϾҲף֮Ѷܣħ֮ףƺӲ顣
Ȼˣδܳô˻ȥδزܸȥһֻ
ڳʮˣûһǼߣʮ֣вСʤ㣬ܲⳡΣɱѿ
Ǿȥɣ
գеĵġ糵׿ȺҲ˻ȥ벻ȥƽʱб
ڵμȥȷܽǾͳֽȻһ׮¡
أ
˲ʵ
׿Ⱥ״΢΢һЦҲ˵ʵڲУȻǵݱ档
Ȼħ֮ΣԶ棬ǼȻδγɣǾ˵һʱ䡣
ֻҪȽ֮һħҲδγɶΣ
׿Ⱥԣһ漴׷׷ӦͷϲȸȥܼķΧڣȻ˳ֳֽȥҲһ󹦵¡
УǾߣȫ֮Ƚ֮£ٴ˵أħ֮
ãȻˣǱɣ
״糵׿Ⱥһ֣һ˶ԡ
һΣʹǰԵļˣҲû˵ʲôˣ˳Ĭ
Ҳǣƾ˵ʵڸûǵ£ȥСΧһ£ûжΣյġ
ңǸиıֶΣʹ汻֣֮ȥֻǼ£۲۲ˡ
Ҫǣֻǻɣⲻħ֮˵һĻԵȻԴϲ
ǣܽȻǴһܣռһЩϢȥҲڰڸֽ߲ͬǲСĹһ
ȻڱףǶ׿Ⱥ飬Ȼͬ
ǣͬ⻹ǷԵˣһΣȻӰȥǸ׷ٶȥ
ͬʱ׷֮УΪ׵칤ɽ洫ӡİϻḡһУкȻһƴСɫɡ
ɡ֮ϣʮӧ磬ɡڣ˹Ļƣߣַһʶ
ɡ
ˣһȻ³˴Ϊ
֮ʱڳϽһر˱Ϣ٣һӽı
챦һʩչĵĵȻҲˣԣʹеһġİϻḡܣΪսѪ֣û޵ΣգԣһʼûʹɡĴ㡣
ֻû뵽㲻㣬ĺѪУʵϹħڣңӰϹֶУΪԲ߰ȫȻڴʱģóϡɡ
һţһɫСɡϸ߿գ˲ͿԼģһɸߴ
ɡ֮ϣһȦɫͬξ˲佫У˷һ֮䣬Ȼ֣֪Ա߾ʮ˶Ѵڣ࿴Ӱ
ʶȥҲֻǰһƬʲôҲûУһӡ
ǣһƬķΧָֻ֮̽ȻԾɱѪѹƣȴУһõǿˡ
٣ܸ֪磬֪ˮ֪ɳʯľϢ
У֪ʮ˸УҾߣһˡ
һ漴ֲϲ汦ɡˣȻǰڸ߲µı
һǴУȻְȫ࣬Աˣǣ˼ӿٶȣɿĳ֮£޴ħӰɱȥ


382 İ취
ɽ˵ģڵľ
ʮˣڴɡı£һƣɿĳĿ޴ħӰķ򣬷ɱȥ
ȻȥһʱӰӰʧǣȻħӰǧԶַǶʱܸϼ

һŭȴȻʱĹȥͷĺбâ䵭䰵
һǾ޴ħӰȻҲ֮ήһһСһһֽ壬ձģ
д󼱣ȻʹþƽٶȣٶȻӿǣʱ֮ǡǡħӰʱͷĺ£
УԭӴ󣬸׳һħӰȻһΣԭأȻʧӰ
һͣƶʱפһƬϿղɫһѿ
һ˿˵ħʧˣô죿
ô죬裬ȥ£
һεؿڵ
ӰϾֻӰħ壬˭Ҳ֪ħӰǴͶ
Ӱգ˺ҵħڣڣӰʧˣѪټ֮أ˵ȥҡ
һʱ䣬˰أ׷״Źġ
ֶе㲻ġ
ֹЩһʼҪ̽ħʵڤ˾ߣ˾ͽмȣɫѿ鼫
֮ǰԸҪḡа׵ȣҲһƣʧ
Ͼ֮̽˾Ѿһ塣
ڿԼ˴ҹĹۿҪٵ֮󣬾Ȼͷһ˭Ҳһвʡ
ľҪôȥô׷Ѱҹô׷ˣ
˳ɵؿ˵
ǰħ֮Ȼ˿£һС۾ҽ黹ǼȣҹֻҳĲݣ
ߣ
Ц˵ףЯЩħ裬ֻܹ֧ʮգʮ֮ڣ봩ƬѪ֣ȻǶڣŹȥڶա
ڴ˵̫ʱ䣬ǱܻɥķƻҲᱻۣΣǵҲһûгεħ˵ܱ⡣
˵⻰ģ֮ǰһǰ̽칤ɽ洫ӣס
Ļ⼸ˣʱҲͬ͡
Ҿʦ˵Ķԣʵڲڴ˶̫ʱ䣬ʱԽԽǲѪУδ֪ΣգҹȻӰգǳһͷ̫žҲ⡣
Ǳ뾡һпܣѷĿܽСٶȴԽƬѪ֣ǵĵһҪ񡣡
칤ɽһ洫ӣİϻḡ˵ͷ˵
һڣа䣬аȸϣɵʱռѹԵϷ硣
ˣʹҪ̽ļ˼״ҲɶʱЩԥ
ڴʱȴһ֮𣺡ܰҵϹħӰ
ţ
ԣʱһһˣ죬мˣüͷһм
ƾ㡭
ȺУϯӣҺһֱֻǳĬű˷ǶжԼδκԼ
û֪ʱ˿̣ѪУԼˣȻУǲ۲۵֮ӣڴ˿̣֧½Ӣɵ콾СУȴˡ
ԣʹ֧ħСУռˣʵԲռţԣԴʮƵĵλ
ˣǣֻܸͣòҪǣ⼸콾ͷ֮ʱ졣
ԭڽ֮ǰͽ̶Ӧѩ鶼˹ϸϸһ飬ҲͷӦȻҲû̫ͷ뷨ԴʱҲֻһ
ȻȻ䣬Щ죬عͷȥʱͲһȽеʦܣ㡭
֮ˣȻʮУһֱӣĩβκ£ҲǱ˵ʲôʲôԼֻ󲿶жΣͷΪڻұģӡ
ʦܣסڣɲſڴƻơ飬ǼλͷֻҪ󲿶жɣ˻
״ʱд󼱣ףа䣬аḡȼ칤ɽаɽľͷԼ߼ˣæǰȥ뽫Ⱥ档
ڴʱ֮УһֱĬûзϯӣֿնɡڤȴȻ΢Ц˵λʩ˵ȥ
˵꣬΢΢ͷЦЦȻϳ˵Ǹɽ֮⣬Ӱ
ȴû뵽ʱ䲻ʱֻһڵӵͨڣȻô죬׷Լˡ
ڤ΢и̾ȴ˹Ŀ⡣
ԣʱҲһ뿴һֱԵӦѩ飬̶ȣɱѹҲɷ׷׺Ŀ
˶޲֮ʱͻȻڣа취ֻƣȡ裿
Եˣǽһơ
˾Ϊ˵ȴһûзĵľִٸУ΢Цһͫרħа֮Խˣҳаħǧڡ
мɰգ
ȺУһµġ糵׿ȺȻʵ
˵һеġ
á
糵׿Ⱥԣʱ˵ͷתͷڤа䣬а׵ˣǾ͸ʱʱڣҳаħǧһǴ󹦡Ҳʹϣ뿪Ҳֻ󼸸ʱ˴£λΣ
û⡣
ԣһ΢Ц²Ⱦɮˡڤ΢΢ףаˡ
ȻˣǾͳɣסˣֻʱ
а䣬аḡȣʱҲûа취ˡ
ҲΪʱڣҳаħǧܣʱǾ𣬲˴£ܱʺˣ˳ȻǽԴϲ
˽ԵͷӦ
Ǿʩ·ɣ
ԣʥɮֿնɡڤһ΢Ц˸ףڵ
ã
̬Σһ˫Ŀ֮У̹΢΢һת漴һ򣬴ͷǱ߷ݶȥ
״˲˼ΣǷ׷׶׷ȥ


383 Ȫ
ٴӿһΪף˸βȥܿʧԭϿղ
һʱ֮
ৣ
ͻȻĳƬϿգһͻأһͣͣƬϿղ
ôͻȻͣˣ
˲Ƶʵгɺѯʡ
Ȼȴûлشֻ˫Ŀ磬۾лâͬǵ㣬·ֶ֮ȥƾϲ
ô£
˳ɣȻı飬в²⣺ĪǣʩڷаħǧӰ
ȷпܡ
ϯӣֿնɡڤ˵ͷ΢Ц˵
Ǿ;Ȱɣ
Ƭ֮ջĿ⣬תĿˣȷصûв´аħǧһƬ·ĳطˡ
ȷû
һɣҲ֮·֣ȴƬʮͨͺѪطƺҲûʲô
ͬѪ̹ͬ˶һЩɭɲ֮⣬òҲûʲô̫Ĳͬ
ţҪ˵ʲôͬǾǣƬеƺϡЩʮš
ط֣Ȼͬգ٣ʮʢģаȻ
Ȼøߴ󣬵ȴʮԣҶ㣬ˮݾʧͬʲôһ
ȻйŹ֣
ȻϣûκҲûпħǵɲĴڣǣ˵֪һϸ̽飬˻ǺܿоһЩ
Ӧû˾ųɣȥ
ԣҲشֱ˵漴һݣȳ·Ͷȥգûʧ
˼״Σգ˺֮ģ֮£һһ¡
ߣʲôҲûз֣Ҫÿ
һµ칤ɽ洫ӣ׿ıӰ˵
ֱӷ飬һһٳɴ˴εжȻʮֵĲ
Զı֣Ȼûʲôõıüëۡ
Ǻǡ
һµϯӡֿնɡڤ΢΢һЦҲӻֺ漴ıһۣһֵʩȥˣ
˵꣬һݣһһЩСȥ
ߣ
Ҹϣ
״˲뷨ǺܿкḡսɡʹƵķΧ׷ȥ
Ƭ֮˺Ȼ˻ˮǰ澹ȻȪˮ
ңǰһƬΧȻͬɫͺѪϿƯȻͬ
Ե״ղϿգȻôûз֡
һȻƣѹڱǵߣȻصĳԣʩȻܴҵ
ڤЩ̾˵ܣ漴ƺʲôһգֳһܣԽԽ
Ƭ֮߹հ˹գǰһ뵽ɫֵķΧ֮ڣȴǰȻһɫС
СУӿźɫȪˮ๾ࡱðˮԼƯʮɰǧ߾޴οݹǣ޹ϣԿ²ɣĺۼȻУ֪ˡ
һӰվںߣһǳ˼䱳ӰȻȴһ뿪
㡭
׵ˣҪǰʣΪҪһ뿪ں棬ȻͷǰĹ쾰ȴֺȻһסˣ˶Ȼ
ǣ
ԿƵغУ־ɡ
ǼȪħĶħԴȪǧΪãѹ֣˿ݰܣǱᾡ
ڤ˫ֺʮ泯ˮɫƱ˲֮ɫ̾Ϣŵ
˵ɫȻ૵ص벻ϹŷеĶȻĴڣǼ춨ĻԵӷ𣡡
Ȫ
һʱ޲ɫһ䣬һʣ漴˶ӿˡ
֮䣬мȪʮϻе
紫˵еԴȪһ֣ʧʷУ˵½ֻ磬Ҳҵü
ԴȪ֮ȪԼ֮Ȫûж𣬲ģ鳤ǳ˻𣬶񶾣̣ɱĶħȪ
ϹŷУֶħȪһ֣ڤ˵ĸ֡Ȫ
ǼȪ
־ɣǰһƬɫˮɫǲ֮ɫ
Ȼʹ˻ţǴ˵еа֮Դ˾Ȼۿһߡ
ûǼȪ
û뵽ڴʱվںߣһֱȻתͷɫ̾˵Ȼվںټãã֪ĶضԶ֮ϡ
ǼȪ˵аħǧأЩӰ𣬻Ⱥʧ˺η
Ȼһʣ˵
Ǻǣ
Цһ漴̧һָȥǰһ
ΪǷָ֣ģǺ֮УڵȪˮ룬ʮ߾޴ɫݹǣΧɵһˮ״ĺڶ֮С
ǡ
һݣ־ɣͷ쿪ȴû뵽ڤڴʱٴؿڣصصûû⣬ˡ
Ǵ˵еġħͨ

ԣʱٴηһ󾪺á


384 ħͨ
ħͨ
ʮУвˣܴǰû˵֣Ƕ⡣
ħǣ״޹·ͨͨǸδ֪صľ
Ҫ𣿡
˳ɣǸɭɭͬһڹžħ֮µͨԥ
˵Ҳ֪֮ͨУ϶پһ֪ʲôΣյľ棬Ȼ˵󣬵δ֪رǴ˵еĿֲǴһɡ
ɡ
ͻȻϯӣֿնɡڤڣĿɨһˣͨͨδʲôΣգ˭֪Σճ̶޷Ԥ⡣
ȻҲûֱ뿪ȫ룬Ȧףʱ䣬ȫû񡣡
ԣ顪
ʮУѡһ֧Сӣȥ
֧Сӣ̫̫࣬׷ɢսҲ̫٣̫һЩΣ޷Ӧҿĸ˺ˡ
Һʩȥ⣬ѡˣˣȫƾԸ棬ԲȫǲܳǾʹǵ־ǰϳִûԸģ

⡭
û뵽ڤͻȻһ飬ʱЩԥ
˭֪ȥĪΣգ˭Ըһ
ְװ˷ǵķ֣ܸġ
ԣȷǸõİ취ֱ
ȻʧһսǣҲùʲôҲɡڤ֣ȻãûУ̽ΣգҲԮ˻ü֧Ԯ
Σգ˸޷⣬ôֻʧˣʣµˣɿԴ˵־ȥӰ첻̫
һ˵⵹ȫ顣
ȥɣ
ȻȺУһ漴һӰվ˳һ£ǹȻаɽϯӣƷ桱а䡣
˶һȻ
˭Ҳû뵽ȷԣǷԵҵļ֮һƷ桱а䣬ڴʱ˿̣ħ֮ͨȴͻȻ꣬Ը£Ըðգڤˡ
ʦܡ
ӪУҺǵĿֹðգȴ޷ڣһʱӿ鲻
Ҳȥ
ȻԱߣһϻŮ߳ȻȻһӣӦѩ顣
Ӧʦã㡭
󼱣ȥһҲҪȥʲô֣˶г£һȥôųϽ
ҪǰסӦѩ飬ȴһȻ֪ôѾվڤߣ泯ںˮޱ飬Ҳ֪Щʲô
ʵǿٶȼղһץ֮£Ȼץһա
ȫûз֣Ӧѩô뿪ģңԼеһצȻԷ½Ƕûһ¡
⡭
һ֮䣬ԭأȫûзӦɫס
ӦʦõʵӦñеģ߰
һһ£ᣬȴԴɣһʹֽһӣƽ̶˼˵
ðɡ
ӦԷԣһ棬ϯӡֿնɡڤа䣬Ӧѩ֮߳ɫһϲ΢΢һЦлλʩȻˣǾ߰ɣ
˵꣬ҲԥһݣΪһŵҹţͳںˮ룬ǰ׹Χɵħ֮Ͷ˽ȥ
а䣬Ӧѩ˼״΢΢һЦҲ漴һΣ˻򾪻ϲŭĿ£׷Ͷħ֮С
ԭڤеֻԱԭأ˿ܡ
֮ϣƣȻйѺߺ֮һġºĿ֮£ҲǾԴѵġ
Ȼؽʱ̣˿϶Ὣ򿪣ϾΣжȻڤҲֱʱ򣬻ߡ
һ˾ͽܵ˼֮⣬ҲΪʵȷɿΡ

ˣǻŸȸӵ̬ˣȥħ֮С
ʱ˿̣ˣұʹΪ侲ġֿնɡڤƷ桱аȡνȹĵؽ磬Ҳûһڴ⡣
ǾŰɣΣһʱ֮ǻûκζǾ뿪
֮ߣ£ɫص칤ɽСŮİϻḡаǰѴɡ˵
һʱ᲻̫Щ
ԣʱɵЩɣǵʵ
Ǻǡ
ḡʱش𣺡ڤа˵ʵʹλӣռС֮һʵ
ʵȥһʱûκζ϶ⲻ⣬޷ֿǼʹҲȫȥҲ޲
ˣôǵһʱ֮䣬϶ᴫ򷢳ȵźš
ǾʹǿԲ룬ʱȻһ档
ḡĽӶʱӦɫڨȻлˡ
˵꣬ͳһվԹۣȴĽ
սˣͿһʱ֮ڣˣʲôزˣ

ħ֮ͨС
һУһɭɲϢȻ֮ͨУΪԼɲɭħ
ħ켴꣬޿ײ룬ʹʵ֮ǿ󣬾ȻЩֿסһֲĸоҪ˵ͨˡ
ֻֻǧ֮һ˲䣬ͻᱻˡ


Ϊ׵ʥɮֿնɡڤаɽϯӣƷ桱а䣬߶˻ط
һɫĹƾնԼУһߣƷ桱аٻƷǹǹ꣬һɫ˲䵯Ϊһ֣ԼӦѩҲС
žãһůѪҺҲָһЩ
룡
ûԥħ֮ͨзɱ룬Σѣ˵Ȼʲô޷ֹǵ֮̽ġ
һ·֮ϣ۰׹ǣȫɹǽɭɲ֪˼ǧꡣ


385 ʮϣ
ͨ֪䴦
ֻһЩͨ޹ѻɣȻԸˮںˮģγһƧͨʵ졣
Ҳ֪˶ãৣৣৡǰһڴݼŵͨȻһ绷Ƶɽȡ
ɽ֮Уϸʯӣ̳ͨԱֲ߱ɢħ
֮УһڹžԲͬһ
̽ͷȥӰȴƺӳսǧ˼š
ĶħȪ
ˣһ漴ܿ췴Ӧ˹۾ϲ
ںˮħȪϡͺɢһħȾɣ㲻ĶħȪ
⣬ϹŴ˵УŶħϹħȪ
Щħʯħ񣿡
ڤͱøֹǴϹħȪħȪ֮ϣʯ̳ɵͨԼƬСС֡
ħʯħ񣿡
һһ漴ҲӦ˹
СȫһööԲʯıʯ̳ɣȻͨʯӣ̺żħ֮ħʯ
棬һСŸƷʵħʯټֵʮǮҪᣬһСȫƷʵħʯ̳ɡ
һСپǧöħʯһöʮʮöһһöһǧǧöǼֵڵǮ
Ҫ˵ԱߵһЩħˡ
ħǱħʯϡٵĴڣֻһЩħ֮أҪǳߵȵħ֮ͨħˡ
ʮԳɣһɣֵ
˵ħʮһ磬һߣǧһɣЩħĸ߶ȶԣֻѾǧ֮ˡ
ϡ֮ʹʹòϣóȥҲԻᱻ˺ͷ
ˡ
Ȼ֪Щ϶ԼһռУʹʮƽ֣ÿˣҲֵܷúܴһݲƸˡ
Ҳ֪»ռЩʱΪҪĶûг֡
ħȪȻаħǧأΪʲôûмӰ
Ⱥ֮УڹһаɽϯӣƷ桱а䵭ؿڵĿȴ䵽ȺеԼڤ֮ϡ
ԣаħǧ˴ҪĿˡ
һ漴ӦҴһۣȴ֣⴦ռ䣬ʮɷԲһࡣ
Ƭɫ֣ǿڹȪһޱ˵ղ磬޴ħӰˡ
Ȼˡ
״һ߳
󣬻Ҵ⣬Сһһ̤̤ȫϵħʯ̳ɵС֮ϡ
ȥ
а״ԥһȥ
ϯӣֿնɡڤԼһӣһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬״ȻҲԥĸȥ
һ̤ħʯ̳ɵСһɱɭ֮ϮͷԶȸղħͨҪõö࣬˸ʹȻ֮ܽߵֿ
һ·ȥ;ȻûκΣգ˴⣬Ƭ֮󣬾һ·оյģ̤㵽ƬģǴڹȪ֮ϡ
˫Ŀ̻һţ̽ͷڹȪ֮ȥ
һʱ䣡
·صʱͬһ˲䣬ߵа䣬ڤӦѩ˽ʧվһƬ¼˵棬ܾڱʯƺûκ壬ֻ޾ļį飬š
ħʻþ𣿡
΢΢һЦ˿£һ˲̳ΪһϹͻͣľ޽ৡһն
նԽԽꡱһƺʲô˲飬һ˲ظ壬֣ԼվڹȪ֮ߣһɱ֮ǰƣղŵʻþȴȻѾʧ
ħȪȻеŵϧר޻õңֻҪԻȻǿ׽ѡ
ǲ֪
뵽תͷߵа䣬ڤӦѩˣȴˣϣȻҲͬһʱ䣬ƬȪ֮ߣҲԵһʱͰĿ˹Ȫ֮¡
ǣعͿˣһƣӲͬʯһ
ģȴ
ȻϣƬ֮ڤһȻһɫ⻪Ϊһ޷Ӱžһʻþع鱾塣
Щ죬Ƕˣأһ񣬵ӷӣʩľΪƶɮˡ
ʦٵȵȰɣ
ûнӿڣֻ΢΢һЦػش
á
ڤҲ⣬תͷһɱһʽаӦѩˣҲ漴һվԭأȴ
ȻٹƬ̡
ͻȻһֱаܣ˺ɫ⣬УһεӰسظ·λ澳޴Ը
һ̣顱Ȼ֮аܺڹһ漴һععأ˲ָ˶Ŀơ
ţ
Ŀһתڤѹ΢΢һ׳״Ȼ죬ȴûб
Ӧѩ黹Իξ֮УҲûпڣȴ
ٹƬ̺ͻȻһһµӦѩ鱳Ǿ߰ϻУѩԦһϮ졣
𶯣Ӧѩƺܵ˴̼˲侫һ񣬶ƬƬѩܷɳΪϼ
ٹƬ̣ã䶨ָڤа䣬ˣһþ΢΢һȴҲһԲֻĬĬس˵˵ͷ
ãȻˣħȪ㣬аħǧֳٰɣ
һԼȳȻ̧֣ſƽĹȪ֮Уӡ
ӡȪۣȪۿʼʱһƬ֮󣬺ȻңһɫСг𣬾Ʊϣ֮زز
ߣ
״λϳСаħǧС棬ضɣ벻Ȫ֮УˣҲѹˡ
ȻѾ٣ݳڴʱߡ
ǣеġƷ桱а䣬аħǧˮݳһ˲䣬۾УһʮĹâƻϲһ˿ļ


386 ʮ£
ϧˣʱԽĿעС֮ϣ˭Ҳûע⵽ȻҲԷʱе쳣
裡
֮Уֿնɡڤһֻ֣һ֣Уʱɳһɫķ䡣
Щ䣬ڰоȻ״˿ߴһһ飬˲ŴֱֱС֮ȥ
⣡
ӦѩҲ̶֡
ƻöУһһףεڰн㣬γһڰ̫״ֱС뿪ȥĿռϿյȥǳපצǰʽ֮һħ
Ӧѩ飬򽣾ʩչѩδϻȴָĳ̶ȡ
ֻһѩһָɿ趯䣬һ˿ߵĽڰн֯ɼ룬ҪСȫɽ֯ɵļС
УһֵаɽϯӣƷ桱а䣬ӡء
գ
ֻſһȣ漴һ֣ӡ
ӡͬһɫɳȻ·ߣѸٲеСҪȡ
Ȼϸȥȴɷ֣Щ֮УȻ󳪣ƶʮ֡
Ҫ˵֮׵ġֿնɡڤԷ£д˾ѧ֡
һħ֮ʹóȴԵʮֹŹˡ
һ֣ȻȴǲͬʱСǰʱԡ
ĺڰ̫ȻǰƷѧʽ֮һȻڴС֮£ȻѸٱǧ֮һͶû漴㻯Ϊɢ
С̫߿ռȥҪӡ
ڴʱӦѩĽ˿ϵһ㽫Ҫ£ס
ڴʱۣС֮ϣצȻɳһֻֻڵСֻһģͽаɫ˿ȫҧϣСҲ漴ΪʧȻֻϹħ
ڴʱڤаĹҲͬʱ
ڤʹõķ䣬С䡱Խ״һаħ֮
һɵСϿգʱǧ⻪ɫķգƺƵʥ֮С
֮£ȻûнСס䲻һ죬ƶ衣
á
״ˣ۾һϲʱһаɽϯӣƷ桱аĹ
ף
״Ӧѩ飬ڤ΢΢һ㵣֮еµӣڤھȣһ˿صãȻ
һۣҵܣ
ƣ巢ܣ
ǿ࣬ħղܣ
ֿ̣֮
ղ֮
ħħżڤ
ʮ
ʮԴ죬ڣҵԸܣԸǧܴʮֻ࣬أ
¡
ŹŹֵķ֮аЩȻһ˲ͬš
Щ⣬Ȼڤʹġ䡱ǿֲ
һų˹м͸һҵĺۼ˲佫С
Сһ漴ƺʲô˼Ķͬһ㣬Ȼֵһ֦ҶҲһΣٻڹ⣬ݿʧ
ħô
ȴаһȣ顱һġƷ桱ǹ˲γһ䣬ʮڴĺɫǹ棬ֱеСȥ
ǹƷ棬ǹӰ飬գ˲ȫаħǧӶݵȥ·
Ӧѩ״Ҳһٴγ֣ʹС
аħǧͻȻ˵ĸ־֮£ȴվ֧գڵһǧ֮ϣаħǧͻȻһڹɢ¶壬ȴһۣƽƽСشӰе
Ӧѩ飬ڤ״۾΢΢ͬʱ֣еаħǧץȥ
ڴʱһֻƣԱǸٶȣȻֻһ̣ͽе£ħɢаħǧУԥһ֣ͽԼĴС
⡭
Ӧѩ飬ڤ֣ȴͣ˰գ¶Ȼ֮ɫһ֣ȴ콫аħǧץߵа䣬ڤһüͷаһţ˵ʩ㡭
һŹдãȽʹ졣֮󣬻ǡ
⡭
Ȼף࣬ȻѹƣʱӡסˣԣֻҪһлᣬ϶ܡ
ԭҪץסģȴû뵽а侹Ȼͻ˾֮Ҫߣռ죬н˷䡣
һʱ֮䣬Ӧѩ鶼Щɫ䣬ֿնɡڤӦԺҵһ֪ΪΣƺ뵽ʲô૵صĪǡ
漴ɫһ˫ü΢ȻûҪа佫ֻǵʩԭΪΣаħǧΣ̫ڣ辡ȥཻգ֮һҪǰ𵡾
Ȼ
а΢΢һЦ˫֣ɫȻ˵ǹӰһƷǹֻصͱϣбб
ȻԴ˽Ԥϣ⡣
ˣӦѩ鶼۾оֵĹ졣
ֻǸӹͷͬ˵飬ҲûԣֻöһۣͬʱĬ˭Ҳûٿ˵
Щ
ֿնɡڤһָָۣЩħʯԼħ˵
Ƿ˰ɣҵôаħǧѾȤˡһǡ
˵꣬аһ̤Ȼ˷Ӧֱ뿪תʧħͨв


387 ջ
״á
˰ΣڤһЦӦѩ˰֣ӷаʩӹ죬ôƽ׽ˣλһЩźá
˵꣬ҲûԥֱһָЩħʯħ񣬵ȻаʩҪЩǾƽֵɡ
ݣˣȡһݡʣµݣǿصЩӣΪǵѡ
ԣ˵˵ͷȻЩʣҲ֪Ǵһж
ðս룬ȷӦöһЩ˷ȥһ룬ʣһ룬ʮƽ֣Ҳˡ
ŶжŶжĹأܲ˽ɡ
Ȼ߶ͣ߶ãĬϵĹءԣð˸յˣȻȡøĽ
ȥ֮ۺ죬Σ
˭õڤħʱûվԸðء
һ֣ǽ֮ϵħʯȫȡ
һ֣ٶȺ֮죬һ֮䣬һε֮ϵħʯֲ׷׷׳һ֮С
գһħʯȫȡ֮һǧһʮöȥһ룬ʣһǧ˰ٶöҡ
һ֣һ˷ֵöңȥͷһö
ͷ˶ûô⣬ȻħʯֵƣѨˣʮǮôڵġ
ԣͷȻˡ
󣬷׷׽ԼǷħʯֿ֮ħһξͼˡ
Щħ񣬿񣬵涯ֿŷּʹαӰӡ
ΣˣԻͳһŻϴĹ򣬽ڳЩ꣬һʮá
Ȼǰһķ䣬˷ֵһ룬ٰʮһãһ˾ʮãӽһ١
ˣҪˣʮĸƽ֣һ˲ֵܷöʮãҲپˡ
ħʯħ֮˻ͷɨһ㣬ϴһյĹռ䣬Щ죬Ϊ׶ǿһ㡣
ǿһЩϢԱ»ָ٣´һΪأĿġ
Ǳǿ׺ݣ֮Ƭβ档
ңԭҲû㽫ȹ֮š
ϾȻԭܵһаħǧԺ˵ʲôʱֻᵮһаħǧֲء
ȻˣΪİȫյأȻҪȥ
ԣĶգҲͲжô˼ˡ
ְɣ
̾˿ڤ̧֣ӡƬռ䳹ױ٣Աʹ䲻Σ˼䡣
ڴʱȴ뵽ʲôæ
˵ִ꣬ӻͳƴСƿһݣǴħȪ֮ߣһУȻȡһīȪˮƿװջشУ߻ڤӦѩߣˣ߰ɣ
ţ
ĶڤӦѩһ漴Ӧ˹Ҳ۾һ
ħȪȻǼа֮档
ǣͬģҲ亱֮һȪ˹ȪʱȪˮȣϹȪ֮һ
жа񣬶˵ļֵ
Ȼд˻ᣬβװһߣ˵ԺĶħȪ
ֻҪΪҲԺĳЩʱ򣬻õõǵʱҲ˵һ
״ڤҲֱӿڵлʩ㣬ħȪƶɮҲһȥȦɽʥ֮УԹо
Ҳһȥ
ӦѩҲûԥ˷׷ݻأͳԼͳװȪˮƿСУʹԭЩĵҩϧ
ֱƿСװ֮ŷ׷˻ԭأ˲ϧһݣ󣬷׷ִ̧ӡ
˵Ӱħ֮ͨУʧϿղ
һ̣ڿռУȻȼһ
󣬡䣬䣬䡭ĿֲУڿռ䣬ױħͨҲ֮׷ױɢ
ڴʱӰгܵĺɫˮڶħȪ߽һ˲䣬Ҳ׷׸ɺԣʧͬΪһƬء
ৣৣৡ
ˣչΣɿգ׷׷ɵ֮ϣźľޱ䣬Ҳǲɫһ䣬û뵽֮
أء
ȻԶ˼죬һƬƬ͸Ŀռ䲨ƿʼ֡
״ɫǲһ䣬ЩӰˣĶǰ˵оʲôӰѲĶߣ
˶ûԥתֱӳԶռȥϵˣھ㵡
ԭǵȵһͷɧ󣬽һʱȥˣʮ֮󣬾;Ҫ뿪
ʱȴһɫӰħͨг𣬶ʱֹסҪ뿪ˣȴȻº׵֮һаɽϯӣƷ桱а䡣
ôֻһˣأ
״ʮ˲ɷ׷Χ˹ɫʵ̶ӣǴһ˿ǣΪ˽ѣֻһѻ
ˣʱı飬ȻҲͬĲ룬û˭ֱӿ˵ԶֻǷ׷ѯа䣬֪ͨУ׷ʲô顣
Űɣ
˭֪аᣬûشǣֱӱߵһԣر۾ȻֱĿ֮£
״һĵġİϻḡ糵׿Ⱥˣˣ⸱ģȴ˭ûʲô취
ȻаѿˣǴһǵŰɣ
糵׿Ⱥһۣǿ˵
ȻҲܿ췴Ӧ˹ȳ£аԲü˵ţҪôȥԮҪôֱ뿪
Ȼô˱ضûг£ʲô鵢ˡ
ȻϣƬ̹󣬺֮׾ٴ˶һβͨĶ澹Ȼʼ̮
һ£Ͳɷ׷׾סˣҪڣͼ漴̮ͨУɳӰȻһˡ
ҪΧѯʣ漴Ϳ泹ױݣͬʱԶռУµ֮ʱǲɫһ䡣
ʱ˼кǼ뿪ʮԥҲûѯʾ巢ʲô飬Ǽɫһͬڿն𣬳ʧȥķ׷ȥ
Ƭ֮󣬾ʧƬ̣Ⱥ֮ǰӰ֪ȥӰ𣬺ȻһѾĺɫˮϿգһŭ֨֨ҽţĴҷɡ
ȻΪ׵һֻӰ𣬵ᣬƺǲ˵˵ϢһļХ漴Ӱٴһ𣬻ռʧ뿪ķ׷ȥ


388 ɽ
һ׷һӡ
ˣʹ˸ֶΣһϿջۡ
ʮ֮ףִƴɡ칤ɽ洫ӡİϻḡٴοɡ䷨֮ڶȺӰ׷ɱɳһ
ˣһ£к¡
˭ҲûϵЩӰ𣬲֪ΪΣȻûнħͨǶ˲֪Զ
ǣڸӦħͨз쳣ը֮ȴּʱ˻㽫˶¸š
һϣ϶һݵĴս
ս˵Ȼ£ǣսһȺǿȺȺأ
аźǣ࣬˭Ҳұ֤ػˮĵжȺ
ԣΪԷһԼɣǶһͶĸǾǡ
һЩҪսӣܶݣʵ޷ĴսŻʹֶΣսپ
ʱҪɳһΪڻ˳ˣǰ
Ҳûа취飬Ͼ̫ҪʧܵĽܲ
ԣʹߵɽˮĵزҲֻþһ
ڣԻûʱˣڲȺӰ׷һ˲䣬˵һͷսӡ
߲ɳܣΪǼͷŸ࣬ҪĶ

ʱ֮
Ӱ׷ɱҲû׷ˣȥ֣׷׷һϿգųɽķǰС
УһСյصʱˣͣϢһ󣬽ħͨ·ռջЩʣħʯħ񣬷ָˡ
˶ıȻһ֪̾д˶ĵرֲһۺ졣
˭ûп˵ʲôϾԼûн룬Ҳֲˣƽջô࣬Ѿ֮ϲˡ
ֻܺڲͬʱԺʲô̽յ飬һøˣʹЩΣգҲζŻԵ
аħǧ飬˭û˵ϾѾаߡ
Ϊ˱ⲻҪ¶ˣ˶ѡ
֮ǰ֮ȴǲͷԶױٵĶħźһۡ
Ȼûʲô֮⣬ֻǣȻڤӦѩ鶼û˵Ҳ֪ҲӦͬɻ
ΪʲôϹŴ˵еĶΪħʥ֮һаħǧȻף׵ľͱԼץߣ
ֶӦû׵ġ
ȻҲһЩƣûдﵽҪӵĵز⣬ȴ̫ˡ
ôǴ˵е£ô򵥣ǲŲ
ѵΪûɣΪʲôԭ⵽ű׽Ϊԭ
Ҳһʱ֮䣬Ҳò𰸡
֮ǰܲ쳣ԼղаСȷаħǧɣֻ»ɻ
Ҫǲǽѿǣ߲һƷˣ
֪Ÿɻ󣬲һԽԽԶڹźҲֻܽɻĵףļ䡣
ȴԺлᣬٿǷѰҵ𰸡

һ·޻תۣ֮
УˣδʲôĳЩΣգƺѪֵޣȫƬڹźһˡ
֮ߵЩطȻ紫˵е֮һ㣬˾޾
˲һã˵벿ݻġ
аħǧӰ֣ǲҪĺá
֮ǰ˷еʱ䣬ѪУѾ֮ˣЯĵεħ裬Ҳȥ롣
ӦǣƬӹǧ֮ңĺѪ֣ҲѾһг֮ࡣ
˲ɳһ
⣬ٹ죬˾ܳ߳Ѫ֣ͼϵĳ֮ɽˡ
ȻʹƬѪ֣ĿĵȻֻʮ֮һǣʱ¼˵֮أͷѹ
տʼãʣϸɾʮ㣬ܲʱ޵һЩʮ־
ʱĹȥһģһǣǡ
棬˾ήȥΪսһҲûʲô顣
ֻͷ·̸Ҳˡ
֮գҲЩţһ¶ĺѪ֣ǧ
֮һЩ͵ԭļҲûˣȤȱȱֱԹ
ǶƷеϣʮϡٵŻǰһȥռһΪοĺѪ֮УһȤζ
һоһɫϪۿɫĺ⼸УЩƣͣ£ڴϪ֮¶Ӫ
˼޴ķ绯ʯḡа䣬ڤȣһ֮أĿ
Ӧѩ飬׷ˣǽصػߣû붨Χһıܷϥһһ߾ɢ΢ߵһжԷһ
Ȼ⼸죬ûΣշѪ֣ǳǰȻܳаħǧӰֲӦôڵ壬˭Ҳұ֤һ˳һ·ƽȥ
ԣʹԵЩ࣬˸еķǲ
졣
ĺ£Ұգɴᣰ糺ɫ⻪һ֮ϣڴϣֻǳ״̬Ŀϡ
Ȼ۾ЩվһݣϪߣϥ¡
Ȼ̧ͷԶ
ǴеĵһĿĵأɽ
ʱɽѾʮָߴڣԽԽ
ԭںѪ֮ʱĳɽʮģۡ
ʱžɽ֮һ¶Ŀֱ죬ɫĺƣһֻֻѻзɳա
ǳɽ
૵صѪѹһ룬㰲ӾͿȥ˳ɽĴսֻ¾ͽˡ
ʱУж˽ȥˣţصʵأ
֪
ԼǲȥҲ֪


389 ҵƻ
£Ҳֻһһ
֪ʹҲǶߣǻл飬սѣУ֪ٵȴǣعƽ񣬸ĸֵܣ壬
Ȼôһеȴ尾ʹֵ࣬õġ

Ȼ΢ûлͷֻҲˣ
š
û˵ֻһҲվϪߣԶĳɽ
İϻڷз΢΢ĵͳƺںӦؼĳɡ
գаӦýаħǧʱˣֻǲ֪Ƿţֻǡ
Ȼ˵һ䣬ģ⡣
ҲоԵĵطˣ
ԾûлͷϪԣĿˮԶ˫ĿƺҲһؼѪɫ
ûҹоԭ򣬾аߵаħǧ
аѾһʱˣ죬Ӧýڡֻǣ˳
УаҪߴʲô⣿
һУֻ֪ãеܣ̫򵥡
Ҳ͸֮ǰɻйء
аħǧΪʲôױߣаħǧУֵʲôĴܣ
а䣬ǿֵҪʲôأ
һһĪ⣬ܵ͸һ˿ڲС
ˣΣվ֪ס
գҲֻ̾Ϣһû˵
һһվ֣泯Ϫˮųɽķһ˳Ĭ
ҹ纮¶΢ʪ±ǣȻ
ɽ紵ҹ䣬һʱס
ֻǣ׵İеʱ⣬άֶأ

ڸ£
һƬԶ˱˿Ĺ¶ʯ֮а侲һϮ£ҹԹĵ
Ȼϣ˹ĺɫƣЩƣһһͬľ֮ս֮С
ʱһ
ǣȴôҲǲƣϢ֮䣬ɱȥаջָ
ֻǣĶͷȴһɫСӰһţܿûƤ֮£ʧӰ
ϵϢƺøǿˣҹ֮ǰ˼аħǧһͬ
Ǻǡ
̧ͷ죬аЦЦҲ˼ֹ죬˺Ц⡣
졭
૵صҲ֪ڿܣڵȴ졣

а֮ϣԶһʯ֮ϣһɫۣϯӡֿնɡڤںϢɣΡ
ȻԶаͷǺɫСӰһŵ˲䣬ϣ۾
ɫ˫Ǳ߿ʯ֮һۣ漴һ䣺ӷ𣬹Ȼˡ
طϣаʩҪ;ȻСɮҲֻŭĿֽնħˡ

һ̾ţ漴Уһҹ޻
һҹܶʧߣҲкܶˣһֱڱĿ֮С
֪ԼӪУй˼շתپ

峿
δգʹϣƾ˵ص֮ŨҲ䲻⸲Ƭǧ
󲿷ˣδѡ
ˣɢվһƬֵһǣˣ˫Ŀһˡ
ʩʱѵ뽻ħǾ罫ȥź˼䣡
ȻΪ׵һɮῪ˵ϯӣֿնɡڤɡ
ˣһһףϻǺͬΪһţһŵӣһǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
Ǻǣź˼䣿
ǹϢվ޼ĺа䣬ȻһЦΪΪֻǰѡ
ԣڤϢʱһʢһɫĽǧյ
ÿһյһš
յƣ⻪գӳĵڤϵϢһʱʥĪϵϢ
ɫׯϣ΢˫ƺʮԼֹʱѵʩĪԼ
Ŷ
棬һµаɽϯӡƷ桱а䣬ȤضһۣĿǧĽ֮һζȻ΢΢һЦ
µ߷֮һҵƻʦȻ˵ƻһƻһľ磬ȻǷҵܼ
ڤɫƣгֵףҲΪ⣬Ȼһ֣УʱһС׸ڰС
ôаⱲӣôҲһеλˣôܸɵóŵ˵졣
ڣаħǧˣôãǱ㣬ұȥˡ
˵꣬Ȼ˷Ӧһ˶ȻΪһźڹ⣬ֻһʧӰ
״Ӧѩ飬ڤˣŰƯСá
аʩ
ڤˣŰеСûȥ׷
Ȼаʧ֮õСȻƷɣȴɥʧ˴Ĺ
ϴħ֮ȫʧһգÿݸɣǰռħ죬⻪ʱģȫͬ
⡭
аħǧϵĴħ֮ˣ
Ӧѩ飬ڤˣΪŭȻȴͬʱĬ
֮ǰаֻ˵аħǧû˵ʱʲôӣʱʲôӡ
ڣаħǧħ֮ıǽɱҲԽ롣
Ҫ֣аϾǰ˴֮һδ̳ˣעķǿ֮һûдΪΪǰ˭Ҳ֡
ʹͬΪδ̳֮һаɽϯӣֿնɡڤҲ
˰ɣֻҪպ̴Ϊ񣬴¾ʹաƶɮ֣պЩħ֣֮֮ʹǧҲƱ׷ף
գȨãһ̾ڤ
漴ҲԥȻаħǧѾʧȥ˴ǵ䣬ᱻգ¸յһ죬Σ˼䡣
ԣһ֣ļ䣬ʱǧҫٺɫĹ⻪
ЩٺɫĹ⻪ͬһ֮ʥʥУֽľ󣬽еаħǧ
漴Ӧѩ˵ļ֤£𣬽аħǧոɣѻ١
ٺ֮УаħǧϣһӺȻ򿪣¶ħףʹ˻ҪѣȻȴ޷
գһɻ𣬳ɢ䡣
ۣ
ʧѾݸɵаħǧҲ֮ﳾΪһɫķ۳
߰ɣȥɣóˣ
֮£֪֪֪֪֪˳екʥ콣ټնħ
һµڤɢŷ۳֮ܵĽɫҲɢȥתͷɫЩƣس˵漴ת¶Ӫء
Ӧѩ״Ĭضһۣ漴˭Ҳû˵ͬʱں󣬻صӪء
ƬʱֺٴУһ·޾ա
ڣ֮˴ŵĺѪ֣ڸԻʣһħʱһգصľ޴ɫɽ֮¡
ǳɽ


390 Զ
Ѫ֣ɽҹĦӣѪƽԭ󣬰ް塭
Ǵ˴ΣҪԽ·ߡ
ؼգյǵĿĵأҲչ֮ءħߣ
Ȼڳϸ˶µʱ⣬ûжʱƣ˶ף鲻á
˭֪ʲôʱͻһɹͻƣǼʹ˸ϵˣҲ½ݡ
ԣܹǲʱ䣬ҲֻǳɣԼδͻҲ൱ڵһʱ֮ڡ
̫ˣ̫ˣС
ڣ֮ã˲ŴԽ˵ͼһյأʵҲΪȫһطѪ֡
˵ʱ䣬ˣ飬Ÿոտʼ
ɣ
ɽ֮£ͷͷ޴󣬲صľ޴ɫɽ壬˱죬˼һ
ֻǳôһ˲ʮ˾ûֱͣӳɽ֮ʵǶȥ
ݵͼʾҪɽҹĦӣֻеɽһʯԽɽԶпܵҹĦӡ
ɹҹĦӣ֮أһƽԭҲǴѪƽԭ
˴УעҪһʱյء
Զ𣿡
ǾηǼɵǻǺ棬Զ˴бԵһܴѹء
˵ǣûȫݵʱֵģǧۣͨػأʹŵͼҲ·
Ҫ˵ھǧ£ɽӶܸĵԶУǲǻԭӣ˭Ҳ˵׼
ĵͼûãҲʵûס
Σ˶롣
ΪֱӷԽĳɽ໨屶ʱ䣬Ȼ뵽ҹĦӣͱᴩԶһЩδ֪ΣգҲ
Ǵе񣬶ǣʱܣͻ֮ǰ
Ǳ縺ʹˣʹܻǻֻ޷ˡ
ǣЩ֮ӣٹ⣬λȨһһ֮ΣѣҲеķա

ʹҪǵͼϵԶҲûô򵥵ġ
ɽ죬أƲ㶼ֻܵСɽһ̶ȡ
ļѰ֮˲Ÿ˲֮һ·̡
ƿʼڽ»ƣȥɽʱĵ·ʧӰ٣ʧ
ʧΪЩĵ·ʱѾСòһᡣ
ǧｭɽɫ֣ڴʱӽڣһСطѣǣ㴩˽ʮʱڡ
ɼɽжߡ
ǸɽС£ʱ˿̣Уедա
£ЩҪ˵飬Ҳûࡣ
˲ûԼ縺ʹɽһʯƽ̨ϣ΢Ϣһ£̾󣬾ͼŸߴС
ɽԽϣ·ԽǼѣ󣬺ܶطѾ㲻Уֻõʩչ֮ԾԮ
ˣ˵ҲޣһʱҪЪϢһ£û·һʱ߲ԭ·̵һ롣
⻹ʵǿٶȣͨ˹һҲ
ޣ˵ͨˣǻԪѨҲδ˴ʱٶȡ
ϾȻѨӣǣѨУǶʮֶصһȺˡ
ʹЩѨǿߣǰܶطҲпܻԿ
·ֻǵһѣƾǵʵվܵĿĵء
ʱڶѹؿʼ֡
Ǿǣ˴˴ʼһЩ̾ڴˣǿȺʼ˷
ǰƽǶݡ
Ѫ֮Ȼƽаħǧһ⣬ȴûʲôʡ
ʱʱѰڣ˳ɽϣû޽ֻвǰĸȺ
һ£Ǿʱ⣬ֻҸѵá
˶ͨˣ֮£ǺܿһȺϽ
ΣѣֻǿθǰСˣ˶ףΣգ϶ϴȺȺڼ֮󡭡
ʱˣδһɣˣؽԶһ·֮ϡ
Ѫ·գܵħߣͷģʮУɣ㲻ס
߳ɣ˳ɣֻ˵֮ҡֻɣĳɣֻҲ⡣
֪ΣգҲڳ֮ǰд飬֮⣬ԣЩȺĽˣԵúܵȻ
ڣֹ죬һʮصİݵشݵشʯᾣһƬƬīɫУȻһƵѪѪܣԵʮֹ졣
ЩѪϣһָֻ׸ǴС飬֮Ŀֲɫ䡣
ѪӰٺ滨
СЩܹˣ䷨ǲҪǣֱӽ룡
ˣ֮ḡſĴɡ£أһһ֮
һɭȻѨſ͡
ѨУðһɹɭĺԼɼâڲ˸֪ʲô졣
ͼ˵ģԶˡ
УƾĪ֪
뵽ʮ֣ͷЩأǲ˭ûԥڴӵ˴£׷С


391 
һУ߶ʱһ
˶ǳˣóһ¹ʯ֮󣬾Ҳ۾ˡ
ʵ¹ʯҲ޷˳˶֪˶죬˭ҽ֮
ܶһֶΣͶһֶΣеȻĹԴǺõġ
ۿƭˣ¹ʯĹ⻪ȴЧҲ޵磬Ϊһϡʯԭ򣬺ܶ̽ա
ˣ޵֮ӣҲƣ֪ҪǱ󷽣գ뿪֮ǰһ˶׼һţʱȻﾡá
ԽߣԽǹ⻬ЩطˮôͷļˣͷһݣڵСġ
ˣûп˵֪ʱ˵ֻôҷģǱֳĬΪá
˼ǰУԽ£֮ǰڶѨ֮ʱɭ֮ԼâԽԽŨؼۣͷЩأ޾ɫ಻֮ġ
ḡа䣬ڤ׿Ⱥ˾ߵ˵Ĵ£˽˶Ѩж
Ȼ˵ǰһǰȻʣ˵УȻһĴԲζѨ
ѨıڣǶһſεľʯʯɢ΢΢ĺâǳ̹⡣
֮ǰ濴̹âЩʯ
ǣʯǧ
޵ѵһϣȻôࣿ
˶һ漴۾Ȼ
ʯһи߽׻ԿƷײǳߣʤټֵơ
ǧϡУһȻɵˮԿʯ
˵ʯǧһˮһȴڣгʯĵطضǧǧĵطҲһֳܷʯټ
һ㵹֣ǣ⴦ԶУһӷôһƷʵĳʯǧģʮֺˡ
֮ϵֿʯٿţȥֻ࣬ǧпܡ
һʾ޴ĲƸֻǣΪû˽ߣѵ岻ʶֿʯϡ𣿡
¹ʯЩɻ˵
˴йԴ¹ʯȻòˡ
ɻǣ˴Ȼ˼ûб෢ֵȻǣȴһЩ壬տΪԵԿ󣬶õʳϡ
˶Ȼ֮Уǧ֮ãȻһ嶼ûн䷢֣Ӧòܰɣ
Щ壬ʳԶ˵ġ
ôˣȲժһ˵
ΪӦٹ۲һ˵
ҲˣͲסǰջ󣬵£ֱǰԼһұ֮ϣһȭͷγɫˮʯȥ
ȭͷγɫˮͨʺ죬ͬһȼգɢĺΣһϵƷʵĳʯ

Уȴˡ

һ죬ʯʮֺڣȻǶұУǣȴʯݷҪܽȡ
ֻһãȭͷĳʯУ۲մ
꽫ٵǰЩشֻۣʯĹͶĶͷյһƬɫѤȻ
Ȼ۾۾¶˾ɫ

Ĵ𣬷·ɽһ㽫еĳʯ˳ȥڴʱʯȻѣɳָֻ׸ǰСɢŻһꡣ
ͣ
ǹɳۼȴɱһ壬ϡ
˲䣬ĻȼնʱɱĺУͷĵط˲һƬۣſֲĸʴζ
ǳ꣬ôʯǳϲʳôʯǲڴ˾۾ӲŹ֣
ɫѿһһ֣Щ꣬һγɹģѨУ޿ɱܣҶҪù
ԣ˵ͷ֪һ֣⣬⣬ȭӰָͬʱɳ
ֻۡ꣬ûһ֮ģ˻촷ۣ׷׷ɻ𣬻Ϊһźɢ
굥ֻ£뵱ͨĻԪʿҷ䱡ɳƲһ
ǣ䷢ĳ棬ȴ޿ֲ룬ＴȼȼյǸ裬Ƽ¡
ң겢ֻǵֻǳȺӣոֻһʯôɳ
ܶϣ飬ĳɫʯոջϲɫһʱʱ÷ǳѿ
ߣҪЩʯˣѸͨҵ뿪ͨ
˷Ӧ˹Ҫ뿪ʱѾˡ
ûڵĵһ촫ܶϣеĳʯͬһʱ䣬ԣԡ֮
漴һֻֻֻֻʮֻֻǧֻֻ
һƬĺ⣬·ǧɫĻ棬һƬ飬˷˷ѸٽΧС

״˶ɫ䣬ŭһȻ֪գǣ֮ǰ棬ҲʮֻʮֻͬʱΧǻ׽
Ѩ֮УطСǶԷĴӪȴʱΣ
ȥǽǿʯʱʵˣͬҲֲסջ˶ڣֻһ
漴ǻû֣˾˵Ĳұ䡣
֣ȫ֣
һʱ̣˭ұ׷׼С
һʱ䣬Ѩ֮У⽣Ӱȭֱеķâܲ׹ĳɫ⣬γһĻʮ׳ľ


392 
ҵƻ
һĵڤܳյƵ񣬶ƻԽԽ󣬶両Ưգǧ
ɫƺһѹһееĳ꣬ûп׷׻ɻңгѡ
ѩһǹ
Ʒ桱аҲʹԼĳѧĺɫǹһ㵯𣬶
Уǹâ
ǹâɭĺЯѩһ㺮âɳһƬɶء
̶Ƭ̼䣬Χĳ꣬㱻ɨһգǹâ֮ʢҲ棬ܱߵķɶһƬƬµ
ѩǹȻ鴫
״Ҳܿ췴Ӧ˹˾̾ҲǸʩֶΡ
ǰǼôĳûзӦЩͷƤѡ
һ룬ʵ۵ֻ꣬Щʵ£һֻѨĶûУֻǻԪкڣŴﵽԪ۷ѡ
ǣȫǸ콾ӣÿһΪѨܶѨкڣҲ۷Ĵڡ
ӪֻҪЩ֣ʮͬЭܺܿ콫
Ȼ˵һ֣ڶΧ˵ĳɫ׷䡣
糵׿Ⱥġ񹦡ζһɫĴ磬֮׷βȣˣȻɫγƬ
һԣħӡ˾ߵġħࡱ۳һصľ޴ħࡣ
ֻſһһɵĳɫ걻˽ȥѣ׷
˾ͽмġ쵤һǧ⣬ͬǧ񵤷䡣
ÿһŵҩʺڰ׶ɫһ֮˲䣬Χ㱻һƬһʱ䣬Ѩ䵽ֺڰɫĽ⡣
⼸ˣһҶ֮Ҷ񵶹ӡа¥ϯӡССȣҲ˺
⣬⣬λƣܳ÷׷׹䡣
Ӧѩ飬̶ӣ״ƹϣȻǰ漸˺ңҲԱࡣ
ǼЩĹѱֹס˲ûʲô̫ΣգҲһֻǲĿ⣬ȴȥ
˵һʱͬУ֮˽ⲻ٣ӵ裬Щ硣
˵֮䣬ûоĽ֣ڸ˵ֶΣԼʵ൱İ
Щ˽⣬ҲֻǴӱ˵ĿڶഫԼ֮ǰѾǰ¶ֶζѡ
ڣΣգǿЩ˴УĶӣൽ
Ǽˣʵ΢У𵽾أ΢͵Ҳ˵ʲô
һǿ˲ࡣ
ȻʮˣԼһֳݶңÿݶӣԼˡ
Ӧѩ飬̶׷磬ɴˣȻȻһݶӣݶӡ
ݶӣ࣬ʵ
ݶӣֻˣ硰ºȻСС칤ɽ洫׵ȡ
ǴеƫµλãʵԸߣּǰˣλòϲΡ
ݶӣʵֻˣ糤洫ӣһҶ֪Ҷϯӣ񵶹ӡаȡ
ʵǺ͵ڶݶ࣬Բһߣ˵ڵݶҲɣǲڶݶҲɡ
ڶݶӣȻǡ糵׿Ⱥħӡ˾ߣ˾ͽмˡ
ǵʵѷڵһݶӣֱȺǿ֧СУм
ʣǰеģϯӣֿնɡڤаɽϯӣƷ桱а䣬칤ɽϯӣİϻḡˡ
콾ԽŵķΧеţķᲢУڣǵ֮Ķ
Ҫ˵У˭пܳɾͷˣ⣬ǰ
ǵı֣Ҳûʧȫǰһ𺳡
ǡ¡ڤҵƻǡаɽаķѩһǹǿĿ¡
ʣĹ֮£öͷˣǵľ磬Ѿﵽһ޷ĲΡ
һ˿شĸо
ɾѨʱҪһЩذ壬ЩֻǳԵذ塣
ܽóʽУʽзӳǾ̫ˡ
ֻѨ۷Բ߰벽ЩѾ΢һ˿֮޵ˣó
ԣȻڤаˣҲѨ۷壬ӦûûﵽѨ۷ԲĲΣǣȴѾǰһ֪ط֮ܽǳӦõʽС
̶Ǹ֮ϵףȻаȣһ㡣
Ҳ͵ڶݶӵˣмˣҲһ㡣
⣬ǵĲ
ڤаĳ֣ôԲȣԵĿۺ󣬾ջĿ⡣
漴Ŀ䵽˴УһֱΪ֮ףȴķ칤ɽһ洫ӣİϻḡϡ
·СŮʮأӦòڤаĲΣȴ֮ǰУһ࣬ԲӦС
ִ֮УɳΪǿһرɡ绢
Ȼڰڸ߲Уĵλء
⣬һμ֣Ȼܲӡ
ֻ֮䣬ƺ뿪һξ룬ۼЩҰĳɫɶװ۵ϣȴȫ޾⣬һı飬ƺоʮȤЦء
ΪҪгûһ˲䣬ȫд󼱣ֻмȴΪȻ
Ȼ
гɫɶһ˲䣬ż⣬һ·յõһ·Դվʱģ
漴ͣ£쳯һȺɶ꣬Ц֣ѽ
⻰ؼ䣬ƺһ٣;ؿгȥĳɫ꣬˲һ㵭İ׹⡣
Щ׹ڽǵƬ̼䣬Щɫ˾һ㣬׷س׹ȥ˫ã·նͬһ׹䡣
תۣ֮ϣһ㣬ǵĺâ˽ŵף˲ȼ˳ǧ档

˾ȵȵԼе𾪡
̧ͷȥ˹ȥȴ֮ⷢˣȻԼ֮һ¥ĵӣ׷繫ӡ׷
¥Ⱥ飬¥ڵӼʶԷǳѵ׷Ȼʶղḡʹõ
²
Զ׷ᣬȴƱڶе·СŮȻͷ׷΢΢һЦһЦȴƺһֵζ
׷ԴһΣոճڵĻȻƺ˲һɶЩĿɿڴ


393 ҹĦ
ʱ֮зɳĳڱһգ֮һĳʬ塣
һʱѨ֮һɫʮֹҫ߲ʺ⣬Сľ޴ʯѿ
ʯѿжʱɳһֻ;޴ͨʮٱСľ޴ɫͬóʯɡ
ͣ
ֻһȳ˲䣬һƬǵĺɫâͷ׷䣬
ЩɫâӴ˵Ļƽʱ᲻ɴݵĻȻЩ½Ӵһ˲䣬ͱʴѣŵĵ㺮
ﻹһֻ
ǵ
ֻѨڣѨڣ
ڴ֮ǰһֻûпﵽѨ꣬жЩɣʱ֪ղһֱڳ˯ֱ걻ѡ
ɱ
ϽɵȻµĳմϣǾͲˡ
˶֪Ĳǡ
ȻУʵĲ٣ǣĿ£Ϊʵ۴ۣȻҵ
һʱ䣬ʮ˾Ƶǹâٴδʢ
ϢͷոѣûзӦ׷ʲôµĳ˲ܼͬĹУϡͿĻΪһųɫ⣬ۡһƾըѣɻ
ˣص׶Ѩ㰲
ɲҷ䱸ȴ˰ΣûɳŲɳһ
ȳЩʯǧǾͿȫժˣ
չڷӦ˹漴۾ȵشܶڡ
֮ϣôĳʯȻһ룬һС룬ãȻûбݣҴ
⣬˵սƷˣοЩǧһҲû𻵡
ţҷ˰ɣ
Ϊ׵ļˣΣҲѾȥⶴѨУӦò棬ҲûֹʰǵսƷ
ͬʱʹǣΪ˴еϯ콾ÿһҲƣڵĳʯҲֵܱݡ
һҲж֣ھ
״ԭվƫλһӦѩ飬̶ˣȻҲ⣬Ҳһٵĵطֲ

һ죬һʯ֣飬Ȼɫһ죬һУһЩĳʯС
ͷһֻͨ徧ĳʯУһָֻֻ׸ǰСĳɫ꣬澲˯ţȻǻûѡ
ֻɫΧĻֱ̫ɢųĳʯ֮Уǰûз
ų㹻Ļ֮󣬾ͻ˯һʮ²һΡ
һݣһŵˡ
״Ҳû˳ֽȥ뷨ֽһӣڽУھ
ϾҪˣһݳҲ첻ΣҲûбҪ˸Ͼɱ
ʮһ붯֣ٶȺ֮졣
Ƭ֮󣬶Ѩ֮ʣµĳʯڱһЩδ¶ĳʯڳ
ûõģÿжֵ˽ٿ飬ǧһ˾ǽٿ롣
Щʯǧ˽л˵õϡ
㲻ãóȥҲһʺܴ롣

Ѩеĳʯǧ֮еĹâʱࡣ
һеһЩ֮ǰѣûб˿ϵĳʯı֮ϣɢһЩǵĹâܡ
߰ɣ
һĻ֪ΪΣΪ׵ļˣȻ̾һ˵
ﲻǾ֮أ˭֪ûΣգʱޣץͨԶҲ׼ô׼뿪
ڴʱȺǰĺа䣬Ȼعͷǰ˽Զ֣δԶǽϵĳʯһȺ꣬ɴѵӣһ˵
Ժ󣬵δͬ⣬ʲôƷ͸˽Զ֣ߣϳͲ
УˣӣֱӣԸ
ԣӲɲ٣ĵӣһɫѿ࣬ͷȥ
˼״ȻҲδ̫һ㣬뵽Լе񣬻֮أգȴ˭Ҳûп˵ʲô
ѨеգһʱЩţ΢΢ĺϢֻеķʯڵķ϶д
Ȼаߣһͷӣһµġ糵׿ȺǺǡһЦ˳ţ˵
а˵ĻȻһ㣬ǣҲҪסǴУأ衣
·ֻԽԽߣһСʣпȫû
ԣĻȻȴδûеԺעһ㡣
ֻҪͬЭͬɹѹأԺȥҪʲôûУԣ֮ʲô֣Ҫǰģͨһ
ȻûΣգǲֹҷƣǣеĽǱģ㣬ǣ֪ûС
ǡ
ԣɫһ࣬Ļش
ȻɣȺϲеˣһ
񣬵ȷǱѰؼɣҲӦ֮١
οǱ֤˵ԼҲУ˸ûɾܾ
Ҳͬףһֻ£ӣǸǺεȿµĴ
󷽣û֧ԮһˣУֻϼѣҪʱ˳ˡ
ֻһ·ߵף񣬹ˣԶУ磬˶֪᲻
ЩĬţǰУСеһʱóࡣ
;УϼС͵޹ˣ߳Զһ޴롣
·һɫϴӣԶȥ˵ͼϣ֪ҹĦӡ



394 ǳ󣬾
ҹĦˮϣ֪ӺζҲ֪ζա
󷽣һص⣬ʹϹ֮ʱƬϽ֮ʱû֪
˵жûӵжˮصıأûжЩ˵Ϊֻ޻̸֮
ȻҲţĿǰٵһ⣬ζɺӡ
ɺȻ£ôߵˤ£ʲôֶΣƼʹ˷ȫ治ɽҶȫǺˮҲһ˲Ϊ촷ۡ
һʮ¥ߵĵط£ҲܽһͨҪ˵ģǳɽһĸ߶ˡ
Ȼðա
ʱҪõ糵׿Ⱥ׿ֶˣ
Ȼ֮Уӣħӡ˾ߵ΢ЦһԵġ糵׿Ⱥȥ
ǺǣǰǲǹȻ뵽һ㡣ר׿ߺ֮һǵСӣһȻǼǿʵ֮ãҪһ㣬ҲΪ˰ǴҶɹҹĦӡ
Ŵʦ֣˾ͽм΢Ц˵ɫ䵭Ȼ˿֮ɫ
ԣʱЩԾ֪ԭŸ߲׼
糵׿Խˣ֮У縺ֻûиЩΪµ˶ѡ
ٿǰеǼˣḡа䣬ڤ˴ʱɫȻ֪
ƣУʱ֪ϢģҲֻЩʮ˰ˡ
ֻǣͱôߣҺͨĵ·һСҲҹĦˮ졣
ƾһ糵ʲô취
˶ɻ
Ȼ糵׿ȺԣȴҲû֮⣬֮˳ǰ
ֻ泯µĴӣһ죬һɫľС糵ͳ֮Уӭת
糵ٶȺ糵׿ȺɫҲ֮ãĿϸɫһ˼˼֮ɫ
״˶֪̽ͷСʲôرôԶû˵´ŵ
Ƭ̣糵׿ȺеɫС糵֨֨תȻƽҷ򳯱ԶѪƽԭ
ˣǴ˿̡
ڣһֱֹġ糵׿Ⱥ¶΢ЦȻһ֣ԼĵɫС糵ȴһɫС֮һĨʱһ޴ʷݣ˵Ұ
ץȥߣ
״˶Щɻѵ˾ߣ˾ͽмν¶ɺ֮һɢʷݣɹȥ
Ȼ˳ɣǰеļˣḡа䣬ڤѾȵϣ󣬡糵׿Ⱥһɣĳء
˲䣬ӭǣԽԽ󣬡һ˳縡Ͽա
漴ڡ֨֨΢УسŶѪƽԭ֮Ưȥ

״֮ϻʣµˣʱһŵû겻壬ɫٱ䣬ȫѪɫ
Ȼϸ˰֮ȴ־ȵķ֣ʷݣǾ޴ķУȻеʮƽȣ˿ɢܵģ
ңٶȿƻʵ˳ŷȴҲǼ죬ֻһգۼĹ򣬾ȻͷٵҹĦӵϿա
ҿģԽҹĦӣѪƽԭϿգҲǼϢ¡
״ھˣ֪ԭߺ֮һڶġ糵׿Ⱥı¡
Ÿ߲֪á
ƣʷݣҲһ׺òռĸرȻڹʣҲֵơ
ֻƽʱ඼Ǳղؽ϶࣬ΣȴΪ˺͡
֪ݷвΣ֮ϾǳˣѰ֮⡣
ˣƬ֮󣬵һأ糵׿ȺԹһηųڶʱȥ
һݣһֻܳˣ˹ץסʷݵһ֮ϣƵسŶѪƽԭ֮Ϸȥ
һӦѩ飬Ȼշŷݵġ糵׿Ⱥһ𣬳һݣٵҹĦϿա
еķЩ䣬ƽȣٸ߸ӣǴͬ
ԶѪƽԭǰֳһƬѪɫ·Ѫĺ󣬹ƣǾǴеѪˡ
˵ѪУѪ֮һԴһ˿ζһϲʳѪݣѪݵĵطڡ
ƬѪƽԭ޾߼ʵѪݣƣضŴȺˡ
򹥻ԲߣʵҲûǿ޷ĵزԣŸ߲㣬Ÿǻ׵һ·
ԽѪƽԭ˲۾ĸشҲǴе󣬰Լްһ
˴еĿĵأħߣڰٵ룬ް֮ϣһƫƧյء
Χ˵߰˸䣬ػֹ˽ӽ
Ȼǿ϶Σյһξֻ̣˲ŵҹĦӵĸﻹԶʱ˼Щ

ʷϣӦѩ˼ƮȻĿ⾪棬糵׿ȺԱߣ΢΢һЦû˵Ȼϰߡ
ָתݣɵȻת򣬱ܹһصҷʷݣѪƽԭϷȥ
Ƭ֮󣬷أӦѩ飬׿ȺˣȫȻֻǣ˻е롣
ϾȻܷɶɸ߿գҲҪʱб仯ȻѾ׼֮أֻҪ˲¾ͺá
Ƭ֮ɢӸˣڸЯĸӦӦ£ܿȫۼһһ֮󣬶һЦ
һܣȻƽȣʵҲвپĶǣ˽սʱƽأˣȻһС
糵׿Ⱥ޴ʷݣ°ջɫС֮Уعͷ˿˵
߰ɣղŵĽ䣬Ȼû޵ע⣬һ򣬾һԷⷢǻǾ뿪˵ء
á
ԣû
漴ḡа䣬ڤ׿Ⱥ˵Ĵ£һͷ˱˻屶ľ޴Ѫݴ֮Уسشȥ
һѪݴ֮УĳƬ޴ѪɫȺʮСˮΣ󺣣ۡ
ɫѪݣͷڵնѼ⡣
ֻǣ˾ǣȻûŵһ˿Ѫ֮ζǹɵ֮˳ԡ
ɢΪСֶӣ֮䱣һľ룬ֲԶƬѪɫ󺣡

ͬʱѪ֮УѰ棬Ϊ縺ʹʱ磬Ҳûһš
ѪǰԼģǧ֮أһƬ޴Ŀݼƽԭͨɫ̣Ұݶһá
˴Сԭƽʱ˹ˣΪսս֮һʬӯҰѪǧ겻ɢ
ģγһأãݲ
ǣһ֮ǰƵƵ˼¹أΪ˲޷֣滹ںۼĴ
գռؽǧľԭشΧƮŨŨʱޣʱ
Щ֪ϸ࣬ȥ֮ҲӴʧ٣Ҳǳ
˾ͳΪһµĽء
ȻЩ࣬ûǱ£һɴ࣬æ嵮ΪΰϹŽ֮һǳ
һſʯ£һ齣ڷ룬һߣڰһЩضĹ켣ͬǳܲһ㣬ھԭϿղ
ģʹγһ
гһգʯɢȥӸ߿ϿȥռؽǧľԭпܾһƬǺ
貣ȴžɱ


395 ǧǧն
ȻܽȻİ֮£ಢһ˳Ǳһİɱ

ԭ֮֮мشһƬ֣к֡
˿̣У𣬺ȻУ˹ĸ
ԶߣһλŮڰᳪ
ŸȻ֮Уһҹɫ㣬ܲɫͭǮֻȻһֶ
ҹŹֵĽǮ֣Уഫһġ๾ࡱǰš
һ漴ͣסſһ
һӰ漴һ˳ɿ˻֮ϣȻһȫڣĿҲһڽסˡ
ź˵Ҳ֮
ҵ͸أŹֵػٴλĺʧصм䣬ͬûгֹ
ʱڲ࣬ȻһϵóҹĽǮǵڤԨ֮УҹŹֽǮ
ҽǮڤԨУͻȻ֣ͻȻʧڣȻڽգٴγ֣սĵشңͬأͬŹ֣Ȼôһ£漴ʧ٣һڤԨеĵա
ôĳ֣ʲôĿģʲôԭ
Ǹͣôһ˲ͻȻ֣ȻͻȻ˻ĺˣֵ˭ϻʲôʶػ
ʶʲôϵ
ʶʲôܣ
գһгա
ӿԭػָƽһһ˿쳣

ѪУУϰСǱսӰ
Ӧѩ飬аḡڤаȣһʮˣ棬Сǰн
ʹѪȻڣ಻ŪĶ
һ򣬾һ
ζǱǿףͷȻɭѪµҲŢУ˶ͨˣǿƵס
תۣ֮
һ죬Ѫƽԭ򣬷ȥ۾ͷϱһƬããѪݣȥﶼһ
ѱ֪ıߣֻ´ʱһͷˮͬûͷĲӬֻĴҴˡ
УССģȻɱģǻһЩѪƽԭеȺ硰䡱ó桱ţȵȡ
ң˶ʵƣַǳһκη紵ݶͣ£Ȼȫɱ
ҲûɴĶȺ˳Ǳ˴˴
ȻԽѪƽԭشֵȺԽǿ󣬾ڸղãŹģϲʳѪݵȺ
ңȺȺ࣬ʮֻʵǿԣԶ
ԣСһ𣬾ȫϢϢһƵĲҩڲסˣڰȫıܹ֧ȺѪݴеһݵ㡣
Ȼϵ۸ˣ˲һֱһˣͬģĺˣҲһֱ֧ðСӡ
ʱ䣬ˣϱȽǿȺ紫˵еġ׵롱ػߡȵȡ
ʱҲ˲μˣ֮󣬱޿ɱ֮£սپȻܣѪƽԭУһ󼦷ɹ
תֹۣ졣
һա
ѪԭƽϿգȻռ䲨һ𣬶ӰһһһӦѩ飬Լϯӣ񵶹ӡаˡ
ˣһ֧СӣѪԭƽĶǣԭƽ¡
ǺȻ֮䣬ߵĵ棬ȻȥȻ˲һͷȫڣĿֲޡ
ͷֲޣţͷϳ֧̣ͬİѸ߸ľìβһ֧ѣ˸žӨĺ⣬Ȼһͷʮϡٺĸ߽ޣì
һͷìȻ£¾µǣսʱһã󣬸ֲޣǾ͵òʧˡ
ԣֻǶһۣ˾оսپͷìѳȥֲޣ
Ӱͼž
һΣڰУȻһΪģȻӰһξͽͷìΧС
ðνֱָʹԼڼžɮϵõؽͼžǰʽ
ʽһʱĽ⣬Χìȫ£絶˲佫ƤìϣиһѪۡ
ȻìȻͬΣΪ߽ޣǵػ˫Եìͷͬ¡
һƤ⣬ˮ֣ƾҲ֪ʱڳ׽նɱпһЩ˺ۣ಻ǸѥɦѣԶʲôԵ˺
һԣ״Ӧѩɫ΢࣬Įƽ˫Ŀ΢أȻֶָƽ罣״һɱ
һ͸̳ߵĽ״Ȼ˫ָɳֻڰһͺݺݵնìһ֮ϡ
ɫĽһ᲻ɴݵ̣Ȼ˲䡰ۡһѿìʧһۣʹ֣һҵصİ֮
һͷٵأ̤ƣҪ˼
ʱ֮ףһֱûгֵϯӣ۵ıˣ񵶹ӡаڻ֡
ǧǧն
ۣ
һסı̵һУʱ˲һ⡣
صһ𣬾Ȼƺǧٸ棬Уһ˻ͬʲô˺ѿ
Ȼǧٵ⣬Ȼǧ֮һ˲䣬ںΪһ»ԭһĵ⣬ݺݵͷìϡ


396 ߹ɽ
ͣ
ֻһŵĿֲ˺𣬱ɫĵһû
漴ͷӦѩ鶼޲ߵľ޴ìͷβͷϳһϸϸѪߡ
Ѫ߲պȻѣìһ룬δüһʹ˵ء
ߣ
𺶣аһȣˣ漴һΣ˵յ𣬻ΪһŵĹţǰѪԭƽɱȥ
״ӦѩһͷӦ˹
ףⷬŨҵѪֻºܿһȺʳ
һ˼ͣΣ̫󣬻ܿĺá
Ҳһδͷ䱦ìҲʰһͬΪӰаɱߵķ׷ȥ
紵еѪ֮ζ˷Ӷȥ£ãã޾Ѫݣĳǰӣͷ
ŵϢ׷ٹʱӦѩ飬аˣѪԭƽϿգʧӰ١
缸β۵СˮΣڽ󺣣Ҳ׷Ѱ˿ټ

ʵֹӦѩһ֧СգղŷһĻ֧СвϷ
Ѫԭƽ룬αڣڼҲûпܳ֡
ԣ˲òСӦӦʱп㸲Σ
ң˵СʱÿһСӣ䱸һսԱΪԷһ
˴ɢΪ㣬Ϊ˸õ롢Ǳԣͻ
һսս֮£Ҳڷɢܡ

֮
Ѫƽԭ
ȻһɫӰ𣬽ѪݣЩѪԾһʱ׷µȥ
ȻڴʱЩȥѪݴ֮УȻɳһڵơ
֮УȻһ飬ĿԾѪ춾䡣
䣡
״ǵǰԾİɫӰɫһ䣬һμ䣬ȻֳһģһӰ
һݣɱȥ
أء
ɫ֮УЩֻ͸򣬶ͷϣһֻɫ۵Ĺ춾䣬ӦɫӰȥϢͣԭأЩԥ
ƬʱֺǾͶȻһΪģһ֮ͬβĵӰ׷ȥ
ԶԶȥѪ֮ϣͻȻӿһǵصĺɫˣ˶ȻΪĵСһЩ˻ǰӿȥ
ת֮䣬ĵӰķݷȺʹѪƽԭϿʧʧȥӰ

һһȺ뿪Ƭ֮󣬺ȻµѪݴ֮УһԾһһӰ
УŮϻ䣬ֻʱʱȴɫŰӰ뿪ķ
½꣬ȴɫ䵭˵ʵʣȻʦԼѡĽǣ͸ܹ⡣
ȻʦѾѡȺȺƫ˷Ǿ͸ϵȶص㣬ϰɡ
ڵδǾͲٵȣֱ뿪ܸϵȻǽԴϲ
ԣŮɫ΢䣬½һۡ
Ȼ½״ȴ˿Ϊ⣬ֻһ̵Ȼ󡰺١ЦһһȻ˿˺ŮֱŶϼжȥ
״ΨһͣԭصĺŮɫ֮һҧ΢ҲΪһźӰ׷½뿪ķ
ʦܲȴ˴ϣаһҪһĳĵһ񵶣ߵ

ǱѪƽԭĵʮ죬֧СӣϵļսǱӣڽɢ˿
ˣΪһĻսСӣϳĿͦ
;УЩСֶӣҲ½гԱӣԴһЩֲޣƫ·ߣһȦżѡľۺϵǰ
֮һ

ǱѪƽԭĵʮ죬ʱ֣Ѫƽԭ֮ϣһЩ͹֮ϣৡһ׹ӿսһɫӰ
ֻɫЩҰܣϢңͷ֮ϣϵһƶСĺ飬ҲǿȴѾѹեļޡ
泯󷽣ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ãڽȺ˦ˣֻҪĲӣٹһ룬ҾܵԼص㣬߹ɽˡ
Ӧûü
ӰСӣѪݴ֮ǱʱһȺµȺԸ£һӣȺ뿪ӦѩаˣܸĵĿĵأʧ֮õ
ɵӰϽķȺٽӰ;˦ѹȺȺΡ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôȺȺȻһ׷ټαϢ󣬾Ȼһת׷
ԣ죬ξɱһΣ㳹Χʹ֮
ڣһΣһЩĵҩϢųװȺ겻ɢ׷˦ѡ
ʱ䣬Ѿˣ֪󲿶ӣǲѾȫѪƽԭ󸽽
쳣Σգ˵ס֮ڼޣһˣûаӲ
ԣԣѪԭƽϣɢΪϣȴֱ϶Ϊһ
ԣ֧СӶµļʱ䣬һ֮ǰΧһڹɽ֮ϡ
ʱޣ֮
֮ڣϲֻ¶ΪˣΪ񣬻᲻ԭصȣǾͲö֪ˡ
ԣҵԭػָһ֮󣬾һУһֱӳжȥ


397 
߹ɽһͨڣԲ׶εɽ塣
ɽϷǾѪƽԭڡ
ɽ֮гɫƮߣǵ²һɽʱгɫεΪ׳ۡ
˵ɽһԶߣоͷɣΪ֮һɴ˵
һա
ȻৡѪƽԭ򣬷ɹӰӰ£߹ɽ£ʱ˼Ů
⼸Ůһˣһˣһųɡ£ۣʮСŮ칤ɽһ洫ӣİϻḡ
еɡȻǰڸ߲㣬͸ƹܵرɡ
ˣһ߰ʤѩһûʲôۣȴʼմһǫ͵Цݣǳ½洫ӣһʱ硣
һˣһϮƮȻվһ硣
Ӧѩ飬̶֮һˣڵһӣҺ
˱䵽һġİϻḡУΪŴɡıӻΣյģȸϵ߹ɽۺϵС֮һ
˵˴˵أϸ˼֮ûм˵ټ洫״ʱ΢΢һЦ˵ˣȻˣǾڴϢһȵǰɣ
Ҳá
ӷ˵ͷûоܾ
˾ͿʼڸִһЩϢı˵дɡڴˣҲһֱųš
֮ҪڴϢ֮ãȴǰۺϣȻһʩ
䣬ʩַܹ֮۲һ飬ûвպŷɻԭء
ʼգΪ׵ġİϻḡûп˵ʩΪ
ææƣ̽Σյʱûжæ
ȻʱһϰĮҲûпڱԹԹԵж
ǻ˲䣬ḡϥһɫʯ֮ϣĿһеĴɡҲ֪ʱѾ
״ͷˣֻжһۣһЦ
ҲûбԹһɾ֮أָһξ룬ԱĿץָʱġ
Ȼḡʱ䣬ʲô¶Ҳףû޷ôȫٵĵġ
ȻֻимûԹ

սƫһʱ佥ȥϦԴ£߹ɽϣһԡ
ɫΪԣԵöһƣ׳ǧ
ٿȻ䷨֮е磬ˣͬʱ۾档
ˣ
һЦͬʱ˵漴һУ䷨Ȼ˺ѿһӣৣৡӰʱ֮롣
Ӱ֮󷨶ʱٴκ£˵ڸǡ
Ӱ£ͷͬʱ̧ͷעĿȥռصˣһµа䣬һµķ糵Լһµӣƽ̶ˡ
뵽Ҳǡ
״æӭȥߵ̶ǰЦ˵
ʮˣ֧Сӣ˵ÿ֧СӶˣʵʵҲǿ֣֮磬֧СӣӵдɡǾ޷һġ
֮Уǿ֧Сӣһ֧ǴʱոյаСӡ
ǶУڶġƷ桱а䣬ĵġ糵׿ȺʵǳͣȻһӣǣڴʱʵ顣
ڶǿСӣϯӣֿնɡڤһ֧ˡ
ǶУеġֿնɡڤĳϯӡһҶ֪ҶԼʮһġºȻֱûһ򵥵ġ
Ȼа䣬׿Ⱥ˴ʱѵڤҶ֧СӣӦҲˡ
Ȼֻ㺮֮Сɽ֮£ʱִˡৡƿ
ŷ򿪣Ӱ룬Ȼ磬˲²֧СӣһµµӡֿնɡڤһµĳϯһҶ֪ҶԼڤ֮еߺ֮һºȻ
鵭ȻҲûκսĺۼȻһ̶ʮɣֻСºȻɫЩήңȻʹûôμսһֱУ˭ıҲòȥ
ΣյشҲǰڸ߲ΣյһȽţҲ޷д̫ˡ

֧СѾϵʣ֧ҲʣһԱ
ǿ֧СѾۼһ콥ȥҹ٣һѪɫ£ббϰգ˵ı飬Щ
Ȼһ̻ɣҲףΣյģʣ֧Сӣǣ˾ߴĳССһ֧ԼӣаӦѩһ֧
ǵ֧ŵ˾ͽмķ׷ɴһ֧д˵е˫ϯ˾ͽмڣӦòʲôΣա
ȻǣҲ޼ƿʩѪƽԭӹ֪Уʵ̫Сܾ֪ǵķ򣬷򣬼ʹиӦ飬Ҳҵǵټ
£Ҳֻһһĵȴʣʱ٣ǲܼʱϵˡ
ڶ죬ʱ֡
ڣ֧СӣҲ˲²ŵӣ˾ͽм֧Сӣڸϵ
˵ϣһЩǱĲ磬öƽ£˳ϵ
һʲ֪˾ͽмĶ飬;һȺëЫһսڸڶ౬׵Ĵ£ڽˣ˳ӳ


398 վϵ
󣬵ʱ䣬֧СӣҲǵڶ֧Сӣ˳
һ֧СеĳԱӣħӡ˾ߣ¥ϯӣССԼ칤ɽһ洫ӣѪħָס
УУħӡ˾߰Ȼӣûôˡ
УΨһŮӣ¥ϯӣССɫ԰ףؿڲƬѪܹˡ
һеӣ칤ɽ洫ӣѪħָףһ࣬ƺʧȥ֪Ҳش
һҲϹһΪ֪Ķսˡ
˵ʵܽǱˣϵģҲʲôͨĶ
״˵Ծء
֧Сˣ֮Уʵһ֧Сӣϯӡ񵶹ӡа֧͸Σˡ
ڣ˽ѵۿһʱ䣬Ҫȥ룬һ֧Сӣûе
УЩĸо

ʱ佥ȥۼڡ
߹ɽ֮£磬ȣڽȴ
ȻԶѪƽԭϿգһ𣬶ȻӹӰ
Ӱһһڣ֮ǰֿ߹ɽǰаӦѩˡ
Ȼһͬʱͣõ䷨֮⡣
У½۵ġ񵶹ӡаһУУʱһö߽ڣ·Ǳ޵ɫֲɢӨ⡣
öɫֲ΢Ц벻ξȻѪƽԭϣһϡݣ߽ΪˣǱԤʱ죬ûϡ
Ҳֵˡ
߽ƷҩֵʮɹǣͻѨ۷壬Ѩ۷Բװ벽вСá
߽ǱޣһʮϡƷҩ
˵һƷҩӦ޵еӣƷǻԪƷѨ
ƷȣǾѨļˡ
ѹ֣ʹ꣬ʶ㣬֪ʳ鵤ҩϯӣ񵶹ӡа㻶ϲ
ߣ
Է˷֮һۣϻŵӣһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ȴͻȻһɫص
ĪˣʦǻĻᣬȴѰҩ㵢˱ĸ·ʱ䡣ʦûܻһҪս
Ǻǣӭӭʱӭ
ԣһɫɫаϯӣ񵶹ӡаһΪ⣬˵
漴һУٴΰеö߽뻳УЦˣҶѾۼڴˣ˵յĲλʦܣҲѾڷеˣǾȽȥɣ
˵꣬˫Ŀ֮УȻɳϵɳ֮󣬴ܵı漴Ѹ˿¶һͨ
һѾû˽ȥ
״Ӧѩɫ䣬˿ܣȴҲûͣͬһ۽˱֮С

һ뱡ڸǵķ֮УӦѩ鵱Ŀɨڳӹ
ȻһϤӹǣǸתȺȻƫԭ·ߣΣմԼһ߷ӶȥİɫӰȴջûг֡
ʦܡ
΢Ӧѩߵ̶һߣĬĬվһԲ
⡭
˽Եȵýˣһϲ
ȻĿɨֻֽˣԤеͬȴûгʱ˶һ
ȻԼѾɵʵֹӣӦʦأ
ǰǰʦȥĪѾʲô⣿̶ˣͼУæҲͬʵ
ǵûС
аĿһһӶûӰʱĿҲһ˿⡣
ɫûʲôر飬˵
漴ԼһȺȺȺϵ˵ˡ

Ŵԣ˶һʱ֪ʱδ飬ֻ׶༪ˡ
˵ЩȻ
ȻԤϵ˴жУض䣬û뵽䷢֮죬֮硣
ңһ£λ֮һ
Ȼ֮ǰ˾йһЩԤϣϾԽǿĵӣԱԽ
Ӧѩ飬ɴЩȴе׵Ĵڣһ£϶ȡ
ԤϱϾֻԤϣԤĳǰʱΪһͬôĶѣ˻ЩԽܣĵ¶ЩԸʵ
䣬˴඼˵ַȺĴ
˸ַ֪Ⱥ׷ټʮǿƾһѨڵӵʵһˣŷȺߣܻļʣᳬʮ֮һ
ڣʱ޶ȥȻûеֻ£ҲԶϲˡ
ھ뿪ǣ
ʵƳĬ
ٵȵȰɣٵһҹһ磬ûǾͲˡ
̶ϵĲģʹ࣬Ȼ֪ʱ䲻ˣʣµʱܱ󣬶ĿѾ΢΢
ǣԥ˰Σ糵׿Ⱥǿ˵
ԣĿ˸һ£뷴
Ϊ׵ļˣḡڤаȣûп˵ֽĻȥ
̶Ӧѩϣ¶һ˿мɫ
ڣǻ鲻Ȼ󷽣ÿ˵˿ϡ
˭Ҳ֪˭ʲôʱͻ䣬ǼȻǳͬһţȻǱѰ
Ȼ֪ϣ΢ܻǱһ˿
ãٵһ
գ֮Уĵġħӡ˾һЦ˵˶
ԣûٷԡ
һҹʱܿȥ˶ĬŻԹˡ
ڶ죬ƺڰٴҫʱһ£ɫаֱվͳȥڵ߰ɣ
һ֪ٵȥˣȻЩı˭Ҳûٿ˵ĬĬذΧĲߣ䷨ʰһ£Ȼ׼ת뿪
ڴʱһ۾Ȼ󣬳Զȥ૵쿴ǡ
ңԶĵƽ߾ͷ޾Ѫɫ֮ϣһӰۣԡ⣬ݶ


399 

Ҿ˵ûһûġ
̶ڻϲһЦУȴǿƲס
һֱʾ˵ġһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ʱ۾һĨ΢ɲļ¶ĿǸѪɫ֮ϼԾӰ
ʹôԶľ룬һ۾Ϳ϶Ǹ֮ǰȺһߵ
ʦܣڻˣ
૵ص᲻ţʹߵ̶ˣ಻
ȺУΨһһĻģֻһֱһ£Ȼġ糵׿Ⱥ
λȻΨһŵӣԵµʱҲûзԡ
ԭΪһʧʱȴⳡΪעһյĵȴȻӭջҲЩϲá
Զ֮£Ѫɫ֮ϣǸ۶İɫӰʷ֮ϵһ֮̽⡣
ʵϳǵڷ糵Сϣ¥֮ϣǸżȻһƳͷ΢ЦʾӰ
ʱغϣҲҹԸͦվΪ̶˵һ仰ԭ

ƾԶóٶȵѨǿ˵룬಻ǵָת˲
ȻûƬ̣ɽ֮վʮӰʱһۣ
ৣ
׹һӰ˵ǰʮһʱЩмһЦλôˡ
ȻףʵҹѾޣ磬ûָ￴ǣԭ˳·ߣܲ׷ǵټ
ֻû뵽ǾȻΪڴ˶һҹвЩ΢ů
ʵʱ֣Ӧøϵġ
ѪƽԭϣΣΣûΣ
ǰСһȺѪ룬ǱԶһ룬Ŷһʱ䡣
߰ɣ
ϣȻźˮǣȴδʲô˵ӣҲЩġ
һˣ˵΢΢üһµġƷ桱а䡣
Ҳ֪ڴ˵˲ʱ䣬ʵڵ鲻ãҲ˲ϢаĴͷ֮£ֻ׷׳Ͷһףص漴߹ɽһȥ
Ҫ󣬾ͱ봩Խ߹ɽȵϷ嶥Ȼɷ嶥һСʯ
ΨһпܣƽԽС
ȻϹʱĵ·ڻ治ڣûб仯˭Ҳ˵׼
ҲûбѡΣ󲿷ݵط޷ͨеġ
Ȼ˵У˵ôһСܸûĵ治ڣ˶ȥ̽һȽ׵ġ
ܱҴЩȫϤ֪·ĵطҪЩ

Ѿ׷׶ҲΪ⣬ͬһΣϡ
ֻǵıȽЩʵδܵʲôƣ˵ףССˣҪ΢Щ
ҲǲеңУ뵹ǿѾɾӰͻӰ֮
ڴʱһµӦѩ飬ȴͻȻ۽ߣݹһҩ˵£ٸ
˵꣬ҲӦһѽһɫɢŵܰĵҩС
漴һǰȥΪһٵĺӰǰʮɫ⡣
״΢΢һ㵣ͷĿȥܵеҩ֮ԴȣöԲǷƷĻͷ΢΢һǰѾһöСĺɫӰ
Ӧʦ㡭
Щ漴Ӧ˹Ҳûԥһƣͽöɫ˿УȻһݣ˵׷ȥ

ڼܿ컯ΪһŽҩҺ֫ٸ
漴ڸɿݵľۿɼٶѸٷӯټѨǿĻָ֮ûƬ̣ڵĵȻָ˰˾ų֮ࡣ
治
Щ̾Լ֮ǰȷʵҲһЩظĵҩûһ֣ȵӦѩ齻ö
Ӧã콣֮һˣӦûлõġ
ʮ󣬹ؽʱ̣һȴڴʱľ͵ݸԼ
΢΢һůֵ֪ҩӦѩԼϣԼҲûмöģ飬Ҫˡ
Ȼ壬ǱϾѪƽԭ֮߰ãΪˣЩԸ˵ĽŲ
һȻˡ
΢΢һЦӦѩʮ˵Ӱ·糸̶Ƭ̹򣬾͵߹ɽɽ壬ȻһԮ¡
Ƭʱ֮ǰͳһޱ޼ʣðźںɫˮĿֲ
ػϢڶϣ󲿷ݵطݲҲһЩİɫľһЩССĸ֮ϣҲ֪ǷͨС
֮еʵأ̤ܶ࣬ϣпɥġ
ȻҴ⡣
ȻȥһƬļţڵͼϵȫͨ˸ûп
⡭
˶ʱЩɣվںںɫ֮ϣܵǹ֮Żĳζһʱüͷ塣


400 ǻӰ
ĴҰɣʵҲҲֻСǿͨˣ
Ҳֻˡ
˳ĬãҲֻһ취
ʮ˷ʮ˵ͬɫĻӰֱܱߵһͬطȥѰҿͨеĵ·
Ƭ̣ɫĻۼһ𣬻һۣҡҡͷ
ȻͼϱǵȫͨҲһɿͨеͨ·ҲûҼ
ˣǾֱͨ͡ɣ
״Ⱥ֮УƷ桱аһ˵
ǡ
ȺУЩˣЩԥ
Ȼ֪ˣȻȫͨҲΪ±Ǩͨ³ΪʲôԭȥѾˣҪֻдһ;
ǰںĿֲޱ޼ʣȴûס
ǿɲΪԼĵ֧ԼӲ֪ǧľ޴
ңУΣյģΣֲĶ
Ҳ֪ͬҪУ˵ҲһУıߣֲͬ󣬻Ҫֲļ
ܴܲǱߵͨ˵ߵֻͨ±˵һʱ䣬ǰһ꣬δͨеꡣ
һǵİѰҵްħߣٿռƻֻһжˡ
һУҲͱȫ塣
ߣ
״Ʒ桱аһ䳰ĿɨˣʲôȻɲǣҲͨˣµģСǻɡ
˵꣬һȻܲˣҲ˵ֱӴͷһ˫һ񣬻ΪһڲӥǰһϿһ̤ûнһˮ˾ٴνǰȥתۼɿ⡣
״ˣɫЩѿ
˵¿ֻһ취ǣаȫ˵ֱ˾Ҹһ㿼ǵʱ䣬ȴ˽ЩС
й鷴Уһ仰ȴ˵û˱ж١
ˣҲͨˣһУҪðһЩ˲ðҲðļա
ˣڸ߲ҲѡһȺ˳Щʲô㹻ˣȻˣʲôɳɣ
߰ɣ
ҡҡͷ̾һֿնɡڤҲ˵
漴ҲһװȻľ޴಻˿ΪһŽɫ⣬֮һ֮һӶֱ׷аȥ
״ˣһ£Ҳ޷ʩֻһʩչԼϳ˵׷ȥ
УܲŴСС߻͸ֲͬȼĸ齸ǧ
Խ֮ľԽԶʹӵѨΪˣҲЩԲЩ΢ġ
ңЩЩȷǿЩȴһ棬һ̤£˲³
мǧССģһʱ֮£ǲմһЩĺˮǱϾͬˣһʱ˶ѥ࣬ȻѸӹ
ѥ࣬ںںˮ֮䣬ð˼֮󣬼ʹԭʲҲ˲丯ʴһĺð
״Ȼ˴֮Я㹻ĻϴʱǿĻǲɵͷһ൨֮
⻹ǧ£ɾ÷ʤ
һ뵽ˣЩѾȥˡ
ȻԽǵģĵԽ׳Ϊʵ
Ͽշ˴Լһʱ֮Ȼ䣬ǰһĺɫ
ϣ֣ܳһƬֵģضһʵ֮
ǡÿڴ֮Ϣһʱ䣬ȵظ֮ټǰ
һֻҪ;ж༸ʵ˻ǲûлᴩ󣬳ɹִ԰
ֻǣõģʵȴǲпġ
ʵȻɹפ㣬ˣУΣտɲֻǻ
ȻܴһʵôûΣհ棿
аһһӥ򸡵漴ৣৣৣৡӦѩ飬ڤḡȣһϵͬ¡
ȥ֮ϣһľʹ֮ɫ֦дֱľԵʮֹ졣
ּƯɫƺΧͬøո£һ˿ˣʱЩء
죬ƺǰ򵥡
ֻǣҲûϾУ󣬸պùʵûжٸģպһ֮ҡ
úץסᣬһʵ˭Ҳ֪һ˵̣пܾҪȫ֮ϡ
ҪԽôյأǧ˿ɲԸƽ޹ʵԩ
ԣʹЩ죬˻Ǿڴפһʱ䣬ֻҪĵּɡ
ȻȻΣղ١
̳һȦڵԵϥ£ͳҩ׼ظʱ򣬶Ȼ䡭
˿˿˿˿
Զ֮УЩ֦Ȼһж̧һ˫˫ɺۣŵԵʮˣζȻڳ˿
ãߴڣ
˶ǺεˣȻ׼µҩظҲһ̲и
˿˿˿˿֮ոͷӦ˹漴ͷͼ֮ǰΪľ֮Щ֦Ȼͬ㣬һ㳯
Щ֦ԭȻһ֣ɫлһֳѪߵĹ춾ߡ

ɱ
һʱ䣬УʵΪǿļˣѾ׷׷Ӧ˹ֱӽһУȻ
ḡƷаǹâڤķӡ׿Ⱥķ糵رһĺ˳ȥ
䣬䣡
˵ḡа䣬ڤ׿Ⱥˣʵεǿ󣬼Ѩ۷ڵĸ֣޹һԶˡ
һ£ʱͽûԶʮɿڶɫ߸Σ˷ɻңڶ߶޵Ĺʱһ졣
Ȼ˻ϲ˶ʧɫжһĻˡ
ֻЩɱĶߣֻҪûΪɻңǹââ˲նΣڵһ֮󣬾ȻֱһµĶߡ
ЩɵĶߣֻǳȶЩС࣬ȴࡣ
ңƺоΣգЩߣǱбСģԭûü˷ڹȦеģڰжȻһ֮ϾȻԷ˹ı仯
ֻϣɢĿĽ⡣
ȻЩɫĹâһ֮ЩߣһŤȻͬʱڰʧ١
ʹĿҲֻܼһ޵͸ӰŤӣ˺ѿ˷
һʱ֮䣬ˣԺȻɫ˺һ
߾ȻɫͬΣħֻͫܿһһЩӰӣʲôߣ
ħͫûгֹȱʣʹӰǵϹ֣ۿ£һħͫԭα¶
ڣȴǵһʧ
ͷһ˲䣬ȺУһֱվȺ֮ġ˾ͽмȴͻȻ̤˳һȦһƣһ޴͸ɫʱӿʮ͸߸ʮɿ⣬¶ټ
ֻɫأѿؿڵǴ˵пԱεǻӰߣƺ죬ÿУʮѲҪСġ
Ҳһ㣬Ǿһܵͻ¶ұٴɣ
˵꣬ӣǽһߣָʮ¶Ӱ

һ漴ϲ¸ѧһһһ͸ܵгȥ


401 Ӱ
ڲֻ࣬»ΪǷ񾭣һ鿴ա
ֻ֪Լʲôԣÿ˶ܾ
顭
һıը֮֮űը֮һǻӰߵα¶
нʮ֮һȽϵùģֱӱǿֱը˸飬ʹӵصĸ֮ܣҲҲˣò
״ȻϲԭǻӰҲ㣬Ҳ޵еģĿ֮ġ
ֻǣԻϲ̫Щ
ǻӰ߱Ƴ֮ЩŹֵǻӰߣֻһŤȻٴʧӰ١
ҸµǣεƶһģĻˣ˻ʮȻ˲ֵͬһӰ˼ʤ
ˣͷɶʱһ
ǻӰ鴫
ûа취ֻȫԸˣ
Ȼ;У˽˲ٵĵ˱ϾѨӣʱȻʣһս֮׷׳֣־ǲ
Ѩͳڵ㣬Ƿ󲻵ҪԸδ֪ΣգÿһԷһ
ƾǵʵֻάģ;Ϣãֻܵ˰
˲
İϻḡ˫һУƾðƬƬĻ
Щ䣬һɫѤ޶Ŀһɳʱͳзȥ
һ仨סһǻӰߣȻ˲ըۡһ죬ЩסǻӰ߾ͷ׷ըɷĩ׷һء
ѩǹ
аҲѳ֡
ڵǹâȴѩѩȥݲߣûп㱻ЩѩƬгһѪĭаܣʱһƬ
ӡ
ֿնɡڤһӣһƲ۵Ļɫ飬ʱϷתۼԽԽ󣬲ɻұųɽԡ
֮߻ûüӦ·ʴǣڿдڽ⣬ɻһѪҺû£ëȻ
ԭžһԸЩߣҲӵ˿ֲЧ
ˣҲûе׿Ⱥķ񹦣˾ߵġħࡱ˾ͽмġ쵤ȣַ׷֡
ȻһαϾһô򵥣һԵֻǻԪĳ꣬һΣЩǻӰߣһȴѨʵҲǵ͵
һΪ׼ˣˣֶΣ˺ܶ࣬ܶ಻һնɱûΧ˹ʱȺоͷҽС
УƻδȬ¥ӡССǺЩеĶֻü˫裬ҳдһȴȥһʱһǻӰߴƹ϶֮ҧһڡ
һںڵѪҺʱð˳ССʧɫ֮£һѽߴӵһߣȴԼϣڿٵĳðӲ
ãˣ
ССĲҽУȺжʱ䣬ڣ䣬аһ֮⣬ܲ͸磬һĿհ
ǻӰߣʱ׷״ӳСС⴦λ˵ķУС֮ʱ˲֮£ʱҲ֮Уɫڷ
״ȺУʵϵ͵ļˣ¥ӷ׷ŵɴӷ̶ȣЩæңʱֻԱȴԮˡ
ߣ
һߣȻ䣬ڤһ̧µȻȻѿһµġºȻ
ֻһ¶Ŀ֮Уָ飬ʮָһͬ
͡
ʮɫָͬǻ𣬷ٵ֮У˲ʱʮǻӰߣͬߴ磬ûüӦһͱһѪ
޽磡
ųˡºȻڤɫׯ£Ȼ䣬˫һϣͷϵķʱâһɻ䣬»Ϊһ˵ķ飬ۡ
ͬʱϣȴðɽ⡣
Уһ޴Ľ֣󣬽ֻתǧ֮࣬ʱٴδʢ
ۣۣۣۣۡ
һ˲֮䣬ͽʮڵȫ˽ȥйǻӰߣûй˵ģͬһʱ䣬ͬʧȥ󷢳һ죬׷ױը䡣
ߣǰ
״һµġƷ桱а䣬ǹһǹķѩȻֹȻΪһ޴ĺɫţ˷һȦ
ɫ֮֮½ӣһֻֻΧǻӰ߱ɨ˳Ȼ׷ѹ촷ۣûһܹӳ
״˴ϲܴƶʱһʢ˾ƵĽΧЩǻӰȫɨһա
Ȼϲ׼ոշô࣬ʣ࣬־һʱĶ񶷣տҲĵָ֡
ڴʱȻ䣬ͷƾյһɼĲ·ʲôֲĶѡ
̧ͷؿգһƬƴӶ콵·Ӱͷ
ǣ
˼δϣǽ£Ȼ˾ޱ䡣


402 ̫
飡
飡

һֵ촫ˣµĵھҵĲбľڶѣǸоԼڲ½·ȥ
һߣҲƬڵķȴڲߣԽԽߣƺ춼ֱ˹ʼ¹ɳʯľ
ˣֻвʩչַ֮ȥϵԮ¡
Ȼ֪ƬҲ죬δֻǻӰһΣ˴ʱҲ˲ˣܱȫʴ֮Ҫǿöࡣ
Ȼǻǵ͹ԼΣա
һڵλõʱ򣬸Ҫһ顱һ죬ϵȻ·ס˵ؿһһ׷׳滬ȥ
ľȫ䣬ȫµ֮˴һĿɿڴһĻˡ
ֻԭڵĵ棬Ȼһľ޴ǣЩǣư߲ÿһƣʮɣһµĺۼ
ʱˣһץסһѷıԵܱסԼӲ׹Ȼ̧һ۾ùԲ
£мƣģһһɢǿҵ⣬ͬ󱻵ĳԶžѡ
漴
ߵĵطҲǴʱ˴ֱϿմڰ͹ĵԵȴȻһ䶯һ޴ҳªͷ­̽˳
˦˦ƺ̫û¶棬ЩӦƬأȻ۾̰ĺϢһϿյĿ

һƬɫӱǿ룬Ȼͷ֪ؾޣƵ̾˿
һ̾ҪˣȴֻоԼĵ棬ͬһ㣬ȻĶһ£һЩñȽصɳٴ¹䡣
ʵ֮ͣץһֻȫҪȥˡ
Ǹʲô
ЪϢĵ죬Ȼһؾ޹γɵģڹ˯˶ꣿҵ찡
ңУ棬һǼа׶֮ͷ޹꣬ȥģ
ôһ뵽Լھһֻ֪ڴ˶Զϣͷֻ꣬Ͷڼ벽˵Ķ˰ء
ڼǾ൱ķǿߣ벽ε¡
⻹ô
˵ʵǣǾԸȼ
ҪǣȻԤϵΣգҲûϵֵȼΣգ˵һ׼ûС
ңǰŵأ·ڴս㣬޷ȫټָոһսУ˹ĵʱͷԶ꿹⣿
󲿷˵У˲һɾĸоб
ֻˣ˾ǰܱ侲𾪣˼ת˼֮ߡ
ȻȺУһµ¥ӣ׷繫ӡ׷ڵʶ꣬˹ֺ̫꣬꣬Ϲżһ֣Ѿ
û뵽Уȴ˯һͷӣֻڴٳ˯ǧ꣬ʵѴﵽһľ硣
˴ΣֻǴ׶༪ˡ
˽ԲʶͷϹ֮׷Ǽʶ¥ӣϸۺ󣬾ȻϳϹ
ꣿ
֣ȺУһɫʱٴλҰ˼֡
ȻҲЩ²⣬ǣȴϾ֤ʵû뵽ȴ׷һڵƣ֤ǵĲ²⡣
ǣ֤ǻûõ֤ʵ
Ͼû֤ʵǻܱһ˿룬һ֤ʵǾʲôϣûˡ
꣬˶һЩϹŵ伮УһЩԶУ
˵һһϢƸģһ˯ȥʮꡣ
һֻһֻΣǣΣȴСƣΪĳֽ֣١
棬аħǧصôˣ
һʱ̣жһͷ۶ʡ
Ϊʲôǧ˶úúõģƽƽȣشޣ֮ȥ
ԼһȴһĩյĸоϹа
ѵһʱǧһδٵʱ𣿿ɴپʹ٣Ҳû˵һһģⴿҪǰ
ʹȺΪ׵ḡа䣬ڤˣҲһ
ΪһʱУΪļλ콾ǽӴĶҪһЩ֪ĶҲҪȳ˶һЩ
ҲΪ֪һЩǲŸ䡣
һʱÿһһңһȨ¡
һʹǣȴԱ֤԰ȣи֮Σ
˼׷ףô죬ôʱȻ䣬ͷϿգͷ̫꣬Ͽյĳڸоʲôͷ
һİӣޱȵ̶ĮȻޱȵɨ֮ϵǼֻСӡ


403 ֮Σ
û̶ӦѩЩڴ˴СУ׵Ĵڡ
а䣬ḡЩڴ˴СУʵǿͬʱҲǵλߣпܳɾͷ츳ǰ;һȺߣУһġ
ССһȺСӡ
ԸСӣʲôҪ˵
һȺԼˣɲֹĲӬʱ򣬻ľٶʲôö˵˰ɡ
ԡ
ֻɨһ֮ͷ꣬΢ţβɨһ㣬뽫ʮֻСӴ˦ȥ
׾ٵһζʸϵС˵ȴһ߰˼Ĵһ㡣
ʸ걳ϵӣʱȵĻζ궶ĶȲϼӴҲоԼԽԽץȣʱ׿ǣ˦ȥΣա
ãˣ
ֹ˶ͬһʱٵͬһʵ
һȣҲ룬֪ʸס֮󣬸ɴͷץ̫׿֮ϵֻ֣һȥ
ȻҲ֪֮У϶ҲҪһͷͬΣޱȡ
ʸͷϣɵֻҪһϢ˷ͷɻ
ɲԸ֣ͶҲԸͷС
˼״Ҳ漴Ӧ˹а䣬ڤ˷׷״ȣҿˣ뿪
ͷ꣬Բ˿ԶԸĶ󣬼ȻˣҲûʲô˼ֻпŭԸԼˡ
ԣΨ֮ƣΨвΣգڲһ˿֮Ϊˣ
ϣҪ׷
ʮˣʮ˵⣬ڸճ嵽ûƬʱַ׷׷·ƶһ㣬˷Ͷȥ
Ȼ뷨õģʵǲпġ
Ȼͷ˹ȻѵģΪЩǻӰߵսѵģ֮ˣͲзŹˡ
ȣ
ªϣ¶һЩЦݣӶݵӰ۾оǲмĮȻ
ǴûзŹ˵˼ſһȣ
һĵ⣬ʹֱӳɢӵʮ׷ȥ

׷֪ӲƴǿͷƤ飬һǿתӣɱ󣬶ԼһȦһͣжʱһƴɫС
ɫС֮󣬱һߣȥ
ԽԽɫСҲǴȻһ߷ݴСųͶ֮ϡ
飡
ۣ
죬ĸ߼üûзͱըóɣ೾ɢ
߽׻üǸ߽׻üòײŻʮɹһƷĸ߽׻üһʽǵУ
귢ɫţȻɹըԼҲⳡըâԽԽɢ
Ҫ֪ͷ꣬һͷڼĴڡ
ڼÿһ֮ʹֶΪû˼ҲһѨھĵ׽ӵµġ
ǣ̫ǿˣϾһƷΪģҴϼµ֮һָ߽׻
Ҫǣָ߽׻Ϊóһ֣߽׻۷Ҫǿࡣ
ȻһΣķûüУԱȴǳɹ䵲ˡ
ҲĿ£ֹУ赲֮Чֻϧ߶ĵľҲСƥʹһξͫ
¾ǵ£ɳһɹϿգͷֲɾ룬Ȼ󳯻ȥ
Ȼһȴǲɶʱɫһ䣬ɫüѿ
ûи߽׻üǷһĸ߽׻üǳɹסһˣδˡ
ˣḡ飬аٻǹڤ䣬Լ׿Ⱥ˾ߣ˾ͽмȼˡ
ʹ羣ҶаŵӣʮǿҶνʣһն˳ȥ˲佣³һѪˡ
ȻûϢҲήࡣ
񵶹ӡаǧǧնһìʱЧһΣȴ˲䱻ƺһͷ΢˷·ߵķݣµ䣬ֱֱسˤȥȻҲǲС
ݶˣҪ˵ģݶЩˡ
飬飬飡
һ죬СС׷磬̶ˣֻüһ漴ͱֱⲻʢһ˲佫ǰΧ˽ȥ
ҽд˻ԡѪȻ㾡ȫԵֵһ˲ʧȥսз׹ȥ
һ£ƾڵ״̬Աɣ
⼸ˣһµ칤ɽ洫ӣѪħָףʵҲߣͳССڲ֮䣬ǣȴȻ֮䣬ӻͳһŲʣɢعâС
һʥϢʱ֮ϴΧС
еĹâȻ˲ͷ귢⣬ȻһЩǱٶݡ
Ȼɴȣɫ䣬Ȼһչ¾һͷףӭһΣȻܹĹ
ֻǣûüˣһۣȻٴγ׷ȥߣǿߣҲԽԽۿ˶þҪ׷ϣС
ɴһ֣һɫ·Ƶĵҩ˳ȥһһڷɵɫ֮ʱȻը
ɫһһΣȻʼըڿʮɵʱ߽⡣
ʵͣȻΣա
Ӧѩ飬ȴȻһϻѩǺһһɫ֮С
Ƭ֮󣬷ѩâһ·ɳɫζ˼£ڱɢ
Ӧѩɫһףۡһ³һѪ߷


404 ŵıʹ
һˣҺ⳯һ˲䣬Ҳǲɫ䡣
ã
֪ԼֶΣ޷⿹⣬ǣֻһԼٶȡʤ
ҺҺΣ֮ʱҺչ¶ԼΪһӵɡ
ֻΣͬһɫһٶ֮죬Ȼܱ⻹ҪԿһߡ
άΣյƽ⣬ͻǿסһ
ʱİȫѳգΣŸոյ

ʮ˱ָ죬˷Ӧʱ򵲻˿ҲˣǷӦԳ٣ʵϵͣ⧲òֵһʵʱ˲Ǳˣ
״Ϊ׵ļˣȻʹֶ˳ȥǻͷһȴֲòɫһ䣬ط˻
ΪӣӵиȨͬʱ縺ҲҪصöࡣ
ڤһȵһ֣ס˹һ˲ˣԮСС׷磬̶Ȼ֮ˣԲ뵽ˮȥ
֪ΣֻзΪһ̣ˣˣһ·
״ḡа䣬˾ߣ׿Ⱥ˾ͽмȣ֪Σ˭Ҳûж˵ʲô
ʥ飬־
İϻḡһתԭԼ鶸Ȼն𣬹âš
ʺ⣬һһǧ˿ƣͬϼһŰеֻ޴ֶȥƺҪסôһ˲
аһΣȻûжԼƷǹ˫Ŀգһأ˫ƣһӡ
ӡպɫɳۻƴƶ
һۣҵܣ
ƣ巢ܣ
ǿ࣬ħղܣ
ʮ
ʮԴ죬ڣҵԸܣԸǧܴʮֻ࣬أ
˹Ȼ֮ǰħǿռ֮УԸаħǧ֮ʱаʹŹ칦
ֻǴʱ˿̣ŹԱһʹʱǿࡣ
ڵħһʱ䣬һµа䱳󣬺Ȼһ޴ת֡
ת֣ͬһâ󣬻ڲϻתÿһ֮ϣӡһ𿴲Ŀķӡ
ƺƷħһʱ佻ӳεΪ׳ۣѷɫ귢Ĺ٣й֮
¡
ħڰк϶Ϊһֱͷ֮һѷ졣
ͬʱڤ˾ߣ˾ͽм׿Ⱥ˵ĹҲ׷׹
һֽ֣Ѩ۷֮Ŀ´ڣ˺ϻ֮εȿ£ֻ¾ѷɫһİ벽
нӽˡ
ȻһĻͷ꣬оȻû¶˿ɫһĮȻ
й䵽ϵһ˲䣬ӦѩˣǼʶ㣬ԼĹŵа䣬ڤḡˣȫסˡ
ڤҵƻḡʥ鷢Ĳ־ֻаʹóŹħͷϣʹЩԼ΢ζ˼£ȻܿɢûǼɽļӲ׿ϣһ˿һĺۼ
⡭
ɫѿͷ缤ǧˣˣҲȫⱻµķס֪һͷڼϹ꣬кεȾˡ
ֻ£ûгԽ׾Ĺһ˺ۣҪ˵֮ϣΪӲļ׿ˡ
ˣˡ
ˮתһζˮĽ˷ˣ۾¶һ˿ͷɫ
ȻȻ⼸ֻСƺôôǣȻС

һΣ³ʮţһҹУɫ콻֯Աǰǵµöࡣ
ãϢ
ˣ
״ڤа䣬ḡˣɫ䣬ոպľһѾǵļޡ
ʱ뿹ǿ˲֪ϢʹǣҲ㣬ԣֻøչȥ
ңȻ񣬵Ͼǹһ϶УԹȥĳСС׷磬̶ˣ˹뿪һξ롣
ңΪ룬һͷѾﵽھ벽Ŀ˵Ҳ֮ѡ
žžžžž
ɲϢ׷˶ʹΪ׵ļˣһζΪǱҪ˵ȼˣǣһ˵ĸվԮǼˡ
飬飬飬飬飡
һЩţ䵽У˲伤һƬ˻
˷䣬Щ޴˻ȴ˲̣һͷĺڿ飬档
ţȴ䵽˵Ⱥ֮Уһɲ֮䣬ڤа䣬ḡˣˣǵһʱһ𣬷·ƵմɣһͱƬ
ͣ
ŵһѪˣڶˣˣˣˡ
һʱ֮䣬ٴˣصǣ˵ļУˣһˡ
ŷ˲佫˳ɢ˻Եˣٴθ߸߷Ȼ׹䡣
һĻ˾ûɢԮȴѾˣΪϢɢҲʮɵľ롣

Ǿţ̶ĿѵĿУʩʩȻ̽һֻںצһ
꣡
еĵӣûзӦͱһƣĳ
ѪĽ֮У壬ΪһųɫĻ棬˲ȼգΪһѻ̣µ䣬丵ҲʣȴѾ䣡
磡
Ǹ֮УڶĶţһЦݵİˣһ֮֮һ
ȻҲֻǸոսѨûãȻܳΪδ˽󷽵ʮС֮һʹԲ
Ȼٸߵ츳ٹδٲõ΢Цһצ֮£ɢ
˽󷽣һԱ䣬ڿʼ֣һ֣̣ң
ʦܣ
һݵıʹϯӣǸһֱɣƷ˵İˡһҶ֪Ҷһ̣ңһ״ҰǰҺС
ֹǾҶˣӦѩ飬ḡڤ׿Ⱥ˾ߵȡЩ֮ǰʶʶֻⳡнʶˣһԭأã˫۶һ˲䱻޳
ˣ
ˣ
⣬ôܣ
һƬ֮УȻȺ֮лʣµһڵӣһҶ֪ҶȻ𣬷·һֻشŵݣתųͷиλóȥͬʱϲðǿҵİ׹⡣
׹˿£˳ʢ·һ̫˲ȼ
ʴãֹ
ڤ˶ǿôʧɫæҪǰֹȴˡ
һȻҶһȻɳڰлһʮɣɵİɫ޽һնһն
һɣ


405 һͬ
ƺؽԾ
ɽΣն
һɣ

һǳڹƷϽ׹쾭ĵһȻ̫һƪǿףƽʱ˻ᡣ
û뵽ҶڵĵӣȻѾһңȻ͡
֣ڵ֮һȻһȻﵽһ˼ĳ̶ȡ
Ȼȴֻ
Ȼ
ҶȻһնͷ긹ʱȴȻֹͣסˡ
·ǰһ޴ޱȵǽ
ҶȻͬһ޾УôҲãѲá
ȣ
ȻҶȻϷȼİ׹⣬׹ƺƵͬȼգҶϵϢٴδʢ
ԭֻѨ۷ΪѨ۷廹һξ룬ʱȻѾͻѨ۷壬Ҽܿ죬ϳһɺƺƵѹͬ٣Ȼһ㷨ĺۼˡ
벽
Ҷ֮
һȣҶˡ
ˣٴμתΧƬƬԪȻһƬƬݻƵҶҲ֮תɳ
ণ
һΪХȻؼǰǵ赲ǰİɫǽȻһ˺ѣҶΣʱǰɣ⿰ҪСһ롣
ʱ¶һ㲻м֮ɫٴ̧һֻצһġ
飡
¶Ƶ𣬾Ҷӭײһض޴ɽʯԱȷȥٶȣķ˻
ɻ;УˣѾֽ˿һѧˣʱͬһ䡣
еȻâץУһ볯ɵ¡
ಣ
ڴʱһɫӰͬһ磬ٿȻϯգ˾Ҷһת㲻Ӱ
ǡ糵׿Ⱥ
ʵгͣʮСУٿǰ
˵һҲû˻̫
Ϊһڶḡа䣬ǵڤ˾ߵȣٶȼķ񹦣£ǲһƷµȹҲ֪
ȻⲻĵƷµȹӦǲоʹˣ¯ľҲԶ˵İƷɱˡ
Ͼ֮УӵеƷϵָûеġ
лԲѵľҶһ˵ϣ׿Ⱥ̧ͷĿŻתͷһƶԼͷ꣬ƺԼ
΢ݣȴ޶η壬˿֮ɫ
ֻڹģɫ޷ԶУͷϢɲ⣬֪ʲô֮꣬ͬʯΡȻ
Ȼ֣ȴεĳ£ȳ˵˼
ȻΣ֣ôܰһֵԼˡ
ټ磬ҶȵһˣУǼһȻŭ𣬴ʱȻ
˵ǷܰȻԸܣ֮ǰҲҪһǺš
ֻˡ
¶һ˿֮ɫһҪ׿Ⱥվǰ档
ڴʱһһΣȴԱٶȣ׿Ⱥǰ档
ɣ
Ӱһ£ɣͷҲҪȻһЦȴֹ⣬ǳǳ˵
漴Ůӱ㼴عͷȥɫȻͷ꣬ʹʱ಻˿ڡ
վȻòͨϢ΢ȴһ侲ŵĿչˣʱվǰһҵƣ˶ݡ

һòͣס˽Ųֳһ˿֮ɫ
ûͻȻ֣һ£ɵŮ֮ǰڳᣬɭʯϿȴм½洫ӡ֡ɴ
ʵʣ͵ģʹӦѩЩ½ҲȲ
ǣȴߴʮӦѩ黹һȴ˴۾
ҪǣȻʵ΢ʣҲСУƽĿһˡ
֡ɴԼ뵽ˣȻҲ뵽ˣֻǡ
̾һջ˳һ֪ʱ˿̣ʵвжĶ˭ղԼһЩأ
ָʶĦһָĴ䣬֮УһɫɢŵζͭУһĨɫһš

׿ȺǰŮԶȴһһ漴׹ʲô
۾У¶ȸӵζɣȣ𺳣𾴣мζ֯
뵽ʲôڻɫһ࣬ȥֻ֮ǰһ䣺Сġ
ֻ˶֣ȴǧأصʹƽ֮ˣʱҲЩշתͳ
׿ӷȴ뿪ɣ
ɴ΢΢һЦ˵ͣĿȴ˿û뿪ǰꡣ
һ֮漴Ͳԥһ˷ǰ˶ȥ
ǧ
ۣ
ķɶһɫĵ裬֮̾һ޴ޱȵĺɫͷͷȥ
ߣ
Щĳ֣׿Ⱥζʱһ٣ȥͬʱһ߿ýˣкǷ˿
ֻһˣƺ뵽ʲôȴԭسһ˲ɴȻıӰһ䣺ʦã
˾ͽʦ֡
ǵһֱƽŮɴ۾΢ͷһۣǵһ޵꣬ɫڲɴһ˿Ȼ
ʦֱأ
漴ȻȻٲͷٶȼӿ죬ӭЩ쵤裬糯׵ȥ
ʦã
ԭվŵӣĿΣ¶˾ģһҧͬ߶Σź˶ȥ
С
УʱɴЩ׵΢ɵСˣѥ䡣
ԸûзϣĿлһӡ
ȻȴûпɴӭʱһĨȻ
һһɫɫвͬԴһЩĳͭɫԲ򣬳УģϷȥ
һͬס
ö֮ǰڸ߲㽻׷ɴһ˸һööһͬס
׷ѾĵһϢѻԣһԣգһ䵽ɴС
֪˴Σѽּ䣬ɴ˿ûкڣڵһ׵ȫը˲䣬һ߰öһŵı׵һɳ
öɫһͬףͼС
䡢䡢䡢䡢䡭
¶ͳı֪Ϊʲôɴʵͣȴɳ֮ȡʮĺóɼˣıȻǱѰЩ׵һըԱȵѨǿߵһˡ
ȻЩͨ˿ǿޱȵĹ䵽ͷϣȻ˼˸ûƿĻȫɻɢ
ǿıըܵȫը÷ɶˮĽУɴҲܵԱȷɹȥʱٶȣĳɵȥ
̣
һûѾߵĵڶԲһצҪɴ£ɴϻͷץʭӵļһ뿪ˡ
ЩˣһŹ
ڴʱڶ׵ͬʱըңлöɴ֮У겱ݵһͬס
ɲĢƵһʱӦѩˣýԶģɱɾ޴ĳһԣӰе¡
ԭأԲɵĿռ䣬˲һƬããʲôҲˡ
겻ˣɴҲˡ
ΧƬյأҲ˲ȫΧУӡ


406 ޷
ž
һļž
У΢΢紵Ҳ֪˶ãʼɢ¶ĳ
ˣû뿪̫ԶֻΧ֮󣬾ͷ·Ϭһ㣬ȫͣΧȴ
ǲܷɴװûʬһҪҵȥ
Ѿһ磬ǲ̵ڶͬ
Ȼаȫɢ֮󣬳ǰһĻ˲һ
ûˡ
ɴӰ٣ԭأֻһ޴޷ݵĺڼ꣬ſһ
ͷ֮ϣһзݴСɢžӨں֮ļ׿ǣ׿֮ϣеɫݺᡣ
ֻǴʱЩɫԵЩңʧۼ⣬沼˿ӿݵѪ
ˣˣ
״˵Ӵһ֣Կ˼֡
ʮ֮һָһһɫָʱͬʱɡ
һɫָ˲䡰ۡһֱӳͷſڵصľ޴걳Ĳֱȥ
֮ϣԭ᲻ɴݵľ޴īڼ׿ǣ˿һľ޴Ѫ
ɫѪҺϴӶ֮лһɫС̶̶оȻԴһ˿֮ζ
Ϲ֮ѪأٵЧûһ죿
ʱ˭˲Щֻųָ
ɫָڵƶ֮ʱȻ٣ݡһ죬ȻһΪģĴҪͬʱ
ͣͣ͡
ʱаܸ껹˿ûУһ·һɽ·һ㡣
״˶ǴϲȻɴʧǣһըͷ꣬ôҲ˴ۡ
ǲᣬվֵá
ٴο˼֣˾֣ͷȥ
ͷ겻֪˶꣬һǱȻˣܽ䱳ļ׿ǣϵѪȡһЩȥҲ޼֮
ڴʱȻ䣬ȴһ·һɽſ꣬Ȼ۾
ˣ¶һ˫ɫ·ʯһ㣬ŭ޵˫Ŀ
ۣ
ſڣ³һ޴ĳɫš
֮УȻһɫӰ˸һɻصϢʱ
ǳԽ˷Ĺ
ֻһ˲䣬˾ͽԲɫ䣬μˣкڲ
֪ղȻװѣͷ꣬³çȻӵ˲ǡ
Ȼ˴ʱˣȫ˿
ḡаˣһֱģʹҲýԶ˶׼֮⣬ˣ˲䱻ɫŰС

ҽ˲䴫˼˼ÿ죬߶ĳر֮ܿ⣬ˣһ˲䱻ɫû
ûһ췢ۿɼٶȣڣˣһ㷴ͱڳͬĽɫ档
Ȼɢ¼ףر᲻ɴݵĶɫУҲûмƬʱ䡣
ˣ˲䣡
ǷȻ
ǰȻӹһһΣڲһֱߣΪһ⣬جˡ
֮УȻԤϣʮֲпᡣʵԤϵĻҪпᣬոȻƬ̼䣬ǰȺ䡣
˭
Ȼһ긦Ȧ֮ԥǹߣ
δͷ˵Ķ֣ߣʹˣǣϾڼĿɲڣߵ
ʱȺУĿ֮ɫһζȻ˷˫һʮɫָ
ͬʱһ֣УȻһöɫĳͭԲ
һͬס
һ׻ͬͬģңʦ֣һΪ㱨
ȻʶãȻ鲻ɴǷйཻˡ
Ȼʱ˿̣õȫ˲䣬ޣԼĴ⣬ԼղСһ㣬һ£ǲǲ䵽Ƚ֡
ȻҲ߲ˣҲ򲻹ǾֻСһ˰ˣڶһͬˡ
ҾͲţһը㣬ҲУ
аݣ۾࣬Ӱһʩչ˼֮˻Ϊһļ磬һ˲仯һģһӰһ飬ŰƷӰĻ
û뵽֮ǰֻǴɣһ̼֮ͷӰȻ߸ͷٽһͻƣ˻֮ס
ʱ˿̣ȴȫϲɫֻͷԽԽԽԽꡣ
ʦܡ
Զԥ˲䣬ȴӰϣеöɫԲһ˲ɫ䣬еӦѩ飬̶λ
ոʧһλʦ֣ѵҪ
˲ȥʹ󺰣ȻʱٶȺ֮죬˭ֹܹ
ңôֹܹ
ݾͷʵ˵̫࣬ڸ߲֮ǰǵıöһͬףڸһ콾£öһͬףȻɲͷը
ʱ˿̣˶õڶöһͬףʲôİ취
Ȼһ̣ĽյĻԻͣƺͷĳǴõ䳾ۡ
˭Ҳ˲һ㽾֮ģ̬֮
˶֮ӣ˶ŶʱȴҪӣԼΪעЯŻصͷͬھΪʰǣܣ
Щһ򽾰Դŵ˵һ޴Ĵ
ҲΪպܴ߳Ȼջء
һԶУһӣֻҲдͿԼĻԵˡ
ԵһһȻɣɾͷڻ¡
Ѱ⣬Ѩ۷壬ֻ¾ƿϣԶҲѲˡ

磬
Уͷһ쳾ǧ˿ףʦʦ֣ʦ㣬ʦܡ
һ߹еˣһһһһĭʧ
۾׼ᶨ˼ȫ׿۾֮УֻǰԽԽĺɫɽ
Уһͬױ÷ȣڣˣˡ
ͷȻֳڳ֮ǰڳϽһͬʱ׻׻ĳ
öƷһͬףһͬףͬСɣΣ֮򲻵ѣͷöá
һöըһɽ壬ʹڼޣǣҲضˡ
Ǹ;·ʱʹãһʹǱмΪض¶Ѷȡ
֮֮
ڶϵƺ̴ߵһ
ɽˮ;·̣
۾һһţǿһͬף˲佫
䣡
һ춯صĿֲ𣬳ɫĢƣһɽҡض
һ̣ƺȫѣѿһ޴Ŀӣصף³췭ظĻһ̣˾޴ı仯
ĵضɽƣ
ֻǰһڣһ޿ɵֿľ޴һ𣬡ۡһһںѪԴһᣬʹ˻˹ȥ
֮Уͷ꣬һըʮϰ飬ɢ׷ɣԶӦѩ飬̶ʦ㣬ʦ֣޵ľ
ԽԽԶԽԽԶٲţ׻˹ȥ²֪
ô𣿡
Ӧǰɣ
Ժ󴫳ͷȻ󣬾ԽԽԽԽܶޱȵĿռ䣬ƺԶûоͷֱ֪ʧؾţ


407 Ĺ
ʦܣ
ӰɶûгɢʱȻããеˣֻŵĿѪζɽɢ
Բ֮ڵɣطྡѣ¶һɺԵ
޴ֲѷ죬Ĵӣͬڴӡϵ˺ۡӰ֮ǰɴʧ
ʦܡ
Ӧѩ飬̶һʱ֪ϲվȻãþòһ¡
ͬķ磬һֱϢ

ʱ֮һͬױըڿʼɢḡаȣҲ漴˱ը֮ء
ǣǰĳҲǲ˲һĬ
ﻹѾױöһͬըĿȫǣԭĺۼ
Ѻ۴ʮӴĺڼ⣬ɢУţɢһŨصѪ
ȻԶOO@@ֵ죬ۼ⣬һĿͷСĳ򼣬ڳɿ
Щ򼣬£˸ŴĿĺ⣬ͷһͲ࣬ģֻ²гǧϰ
һ漴ʱӦһʱѪɫеãĶˣҿߣ
ͬʱһ𣬶漴ͬǿֲĶܼ
ٽһ㣬һ˸źӰһ˲ɫޱѿ
ֹһͬɵĶͷɢѪ⣬ǰҪԭ֮һ
ʱ仹ֻ̣ǰ֮ڵޣٹһᣬֻǧ֮ڵޣŵϢǲȥˡ
ߣ
һȣٲԥ˵ŻҴ棬ǲᣬʹھȪ֮£ҲŹǡ
ս𣬴Աһ˻ԣδѣֵĹޣȺĶ֣ԣΨһ֮
Ҳ֪ͷѪ
ʹЩ򼼴ǻץᣬһ𣬽Щɢڸֵϵļ׿ǣѪ⣬ռ
󣬳ʵҲģֱըѪɢģò֮⣬ɢڸصɢѪ⣬Ǽʰ
䣬ȺӰѾԽԽ˱ǵ֪ʱҴҵվԭص̶Ӧѩˣˡ
뿪Ƭ֮󣬴Ƭ򼣬ûԭأԭسΪһƬɫĺ
ٹƬ̣ȺȺʹҪһЩȫḡ˴ߣڿеѪһЩеѪ⣬޷ȫŪġ
ԣȺ޵֮Ϊ̣ŵѪ˷ҲѪдһζǳԣ޶ʱսĻ๥
һսʱźµȺ룬ԶŵζĴսҡ
Ѽɽʬǣޱ˺Ѫޣѭ
󣬼еޣ˴˵أҹսֹͣԭأʬǳɽѪӡ
ΪһƬأʮ꣬Ҳû޸̤˴
һĻḡˣ·УΪ޶ȥʱѪһ·ƽͨС
֮ڵ֮⣬һƬããľ޴ǰһˮ

ԽҵĿĵأް壬ħߣްС
һȴûôߣΪ˵ȥˣû˳
أ緽ֻԶʧУռ
֮ˣһٶȴ˴ԽعĺߵһССɽȣĬ
⴦ɽȣشͰм䣬еɽˮ֮ء
Ҳ֪Ǳĵ֮Ӱ죬֮еˮƬСȣ̲ʮַʢҺ컨á
һɽʯĴʾͬ
˴˴ѸжƬ̺󣬼Ĺ
ЩĹɳƵǼªֻһͨɽʯһΣҲû֡
һһ
紵ĲҡҲ˵½ǣ˳Ĭţ󣬹·һ
һ֮Щ˲ȥ
ԭأ·أҲǵ뿪ڣţҲԶĲûΪ·ء
ҲԺУཫԶҲ·أӴ˳Ϊ˵
ǧҲҲ˼ǵǵ֡
ǣЩڵµǣ֪Ƿڣ
Ӧ޻ڵİɣлڣͲô
Ҫ˵޻ڣ˭ܲϧԼأ
紵ؽĬĲƮҡ䱯ݡ
ǵˣ֪Ƿ֪һĻǺθУ
ֻǣЩʣµˣȴûͣǱ𾴣廳˸Уվǰ̾͵ѪϣǰС
Уֻйͬһ
ǣˣ


408 ʯ
һȥ϶иȥиˣ˶
ʮӰ˰ããİԽԽСԽԽСճʧɼ

ڰһҹĺڰ
Ҳ֪˶á
Դ
ڵĿռУһ׶ףǰӹһħҹ棬ƺڰ׹棬ªֲһɥϢ

ˣѾˣ磬ҲһֱЩ
һϣҰΧ֮ڣһƬڰһɭϢϴ֪
£Ǳʯ壬ʯ尼͹ƽʮˣԶȻƺǿҵˮ
ȻҰӦܵĺڰԽԽ˫֮£ȻһƬʣȴڿԿ壬ʲôĻһɭֲʯѡ
ʯƺһƬˮ֮£ͷˮϴƺǺˮ
ۼ⣬˼βĴ㣬ͷƵιһҲû˵ļ
ǣ
΢һ漴ӦһĲ˼飬ܵʯ棬૵ѵûôܣ
ûȻΪֵû飬ǣΪʲôûȴȫˡ
ԼѾĵһͬףͷͬھ
ңҲܵϢ٣һƬڰΧ
ԼʶǰһӦûͷ꣬ӦѾԼըʮ顣
Ȼˣͷȷǿߵ궼ըûԼһѨڵСޣܻ
ĪǣмʲôҲ֪ı仯
ϸʱʱһҵʹ֫ٺ
˲䣬ֲľʹͬˮ㽫ûոһ飬ȫΪɢԺֻľʹ

һƺߣصصȥֻȫ£ϡ
˫˫ۣԴһ鴤ʹĸо·ȫ£ھΣʹܣ
ʱ˿̣ҲԿ֮ϴľʹɵôзһµʹߡ
⡭һͬױը֮󣬲ĺ֢𣿡
ȻûһΪȫϣܵ˾޴ĳǽȫٻʱһˣҲûʲôˣ
֫ٺһ鴤Ƶľʹڵأ죬οЦ
ԭΪԼ踣죬ȻıըУ
ڲŷʱţȥҲûʲôͬԼŲһСָˡ
ϧƷȻȻ˽ǣǣмƷڣҲһɵĻᣬҾȻ
ֻǣŵҩ⼸ԱڣҹƣֻŶˣ
Ц

ʱơ
δ𡢵δ𡭡Ѩ֮УˮӶ£۳̶Զ졣
Ҳ֪˶á
øз˼Ҫٴλȥ˲䣬ȻǰԶȻ䡰͡һ죬ȴһյЩ谵ͭơ
ͭƹӣɫʰƣƳĻ棬ȴֵɫӳһɫӰ续ɡ
ǣصɴ۾
ֻǴʱеļҲ˻þֻŵȴδɫӰµס
ˣҲǵӰʮ£͸һ˵ʡ
ҲⱲӿӰཻص
Ŭ۾Ҫȴ룬ǵӰȴƺȡ
ڲߵĶʱǵӰԳһ
Ƭ̣ɫӰȴؿ˹ͭƵǰ
տʼӰЩСǵֵɫӰͭϷʱȴǲɴһ
漴һĪϲ϶Էͷеʦ֣
ţôеϤ
֮Уֻе죬ʶЩ졣
漴Ƥһǿ˴յǰǵӰ
Ŀ䵽ԷǾϾ׵֮ʱжʱһ㣬ٴ˹ޱȵغ򡭡ʦã
ţпϲǣʱֵƳ֣ɫľӰȻ֮ǰһһͬף󳹵ʧ洫ӡɴ
ֻǵʱˣ²Ǳһͬը÷ɻȫʬԲſˣû뵽ȻҲǺԼһ⴦ĪĿռ䡣
⵽ΪʲôˣͻȻͬʱ⴦쳣ռ֮УĪǡ
һ˲䣬оһ²⣬ֻ²̫ƣԼԼôҲ޷š
ѵΪһͬףͷ£ʲô֮ԣΪһͬ׵ıըĳ֪䣬ԲŰԼ͵ôط
棬㣿
Ůӵеˡ
ȻĪĵطͻȻһˣ飬Ǻεȵļ
ҡ
뿪˵ˮƣ룬ٴγͷϮеļǶۻ軨
ֻ붯һָѣڵʧӰ٣ͬûдڹʹУʳٶ࣬ûеҲȡ
ȡٶʳҲǰ״
㡭


409 ﻯλϣ
ɴһı飬漴˹
ǣ׹ף׹֮ȴҲһЦ
ڴı飬Ȼֵ̣̯̯ҵҲò˶١
ı飬˵ȻܶڵĵҲȫʧˣӦǱըɢ
ʱޱȣﲻ򿪴ĳ̶ȡ
ƣҪϣпָܻһ򿪴䡣
ġ
˵ԼҪοǿ˵ֻҪܴ򿪴ʱҾó˵ҩ֮ơ
ǵȻ⣬ûвһ̶ȣȻܻţһԻָԭػ۷塣
Ҳȥ֮󣬻Ѱ󲿶ӣء
ǡ
ԣԵǣǣɿЦ
ǰôֲĴըûең뱣ΪǺε룿
ȻԼʱѾģɴΪԼͣǳըУѲࣿ
ȻԼû˵򲻿䣬ţԼҲǿ˶١
£ȻƣQ£Ҳû취ˡ
ɴǲ磬ɴܡQ£Լȴֻ
ĬƬ̺󣬺ȻɴתתĿ䵽ԶǸɫСˮ̶ϣ۾ʱһ
ˣﻹһСˮ̶ҿûǲ׽УǾܰˣ
£ΪʧҩޣһӦȫڴС
ɴ򲻿Ҳǰ״һףһʱ
ʱֻǿޣ˶ֻеķݣԣɴˡ֡
죬ȻΪѵ졣
ȥһкգȥֻ¾ҪԶعˡ
ԼĵطĶ֪
ɴͭƣسǴɫСˮ̶ȥ£ԶıӰ۾Ҳ鶯һЩһĨϣ
Ƭ֮ɴ߻أЦ˵ǲСˮ̶Ʋʵ໹ǲ٣ģҶӵ㡣
һǻָƵٶȣƾҪӿˡҵң취ȥ׽
ǰƾɴʵֲ׽㣬ȻǲѴ֮顣
ڲΪȫʧ״̬һͨŮӶ磬ûйߣǱǵıСˮ̶УȷһСս
İæϧҲֻΣһԿɴһæµ
ɴͭƷһߣڶѨĴƬ̣ȻϲɫĻУȴȻһѵɫССɢһ΢ȵ
գգ۾ЩףŮӾǰʱˣ˼ժ
ң⻨ģ
ɼ䣬ȴɴ΢΢һЦ˵ݣ㻨ݣӵȵȣȫСԣȫ޺һ飬Уʹڲ׽Сݡ
ԭֻǱһԵ뷨û뵽ص׶Ѩ֮УȻݴڣһǵĲƣͼ򵥶ˡ
֮ŻȻ֪ԼɴˣвɴΡ
ɴȴ֪е뷨ɫСץ֮󣬵һԵһʯϣ䵷ĩȻ߻غߣһȥ
ɫĻںˮ֮УһʱƯں֮ϡ
ɴںߣֻЩ㣬ŵݵϢʱԴ΢һΡ
Ƭ֮ýļѾ΢۰ףĵĸ˺档
״ɴ۾ϲȻⶴҲľ֦ȸ֮˫ֻˮ򰶱ߡ
գһ̣İƴ㣬С
һһĵĸʾǻ⣬ȴʶȫޣ˿ͷûС
ɴϲεصߣȻʱȴַˡ
ףȻûеһΪʯ飬ܻ丹
ֻǣ⣬ûлӣҲ޲̣˻γԣ
ǿķѣЦʱĻƽϵ࣬һ˵ɣǻָ˵Ȼٲùӡ
ңҲص֮ζǾ͵һճȫͬɣ
ԣɴҲΣȻЩԸգ»ص̶ߣϴɾһʯƬгʮƬ
»صߣԥһ£ȴûԼڿԣһ죬ѵһƬƬݵǰ
ƬȻȻ֮ȴһɵζҲһüͷ
뵽ԼʱĴԼһһļʱĻ˼ôࡣ
˵ܳԵƬһҶʱҲܳԵýζˡ
ԣֻǳ˲Ƭ̣һţһڽƬƬҧ˿Уû۾һʣֱӾͽ븹С
ȻζտʼȷЩӦܿ죬ãеƬȻһûеĸỬƬʱѾ΢ϼ£󣬸һƬƬýζ
һƬƬƬǣ£Ļָһ˿ǿУ಻ٴĸоһȻԵ
⣬ѨĺôˣֻҪѨݽߣܲʧĻָɴ˵죬һ֮ڣ˾ָܻһսˡ
۾ϥĬĬһ˿΢ɲ죬΢ȡ콫׳󣬻ָԭ״
һߣüǳԵýζɴһԣüͷ壬Ȼ꣬ѾĿӰܵҲһ󼡶Ľʹ֮УĿ䵽һƬƬеð׾͸Ƭ֮ϣգǼսʤޣѧǰһſڣһƬƬֱӣСУûһֱȥ
տʼͬǺһĲӦ󣬳ϼƬ֮ϤζҲûôˣʣµƬͬȫĸС
ϴϴ֣漴ͬһһߣϥ룬ָ
תۣһʱ䣬һζ
һ磬Ȼ۾˫֮Уľһš
󣬡ͨһָ֮ϵĴ֮ϣ΢΢һ˿â󣬹âһǰհ׵ĵϣʱһѵ£ȫǸֵҩţ
ڣָңԴ򿪴䣬ٲùֿˡ
ǰѻɽһСʣһ̣޲վЦ
һߣɴȻ㣬Ҳʱ漴ͨһָһ漴ǰĵϣҲȻһѵĶ


410 ﻯλУ
һЦһоڲС
ɴԼǰڶĵƿƬ̣һֻīƿ˿
ƿһ򿪣ʱһŨ֮ܰʹƿһðӿʹԶһЩŵζҲƫͷ¶ȡ
ɴ״΢΢һЦڽ͵Ϊ¶űȽϡһƷ˵ҩȻȲϼƷô󣬵Ҳˡ
˵꣬һʹеͬСԲĵҩŨ֮ܰǴⵤҩ֮Ϸ
ɴָһУȴʣһöָһģڵöҩ͸ʦ֣ϣʦƣȻһʼ̽ѨǷҵȥ·ˡ
عŶǷ϶ĳĴܡ
ĿǰɴˣˣȻжһʵʮͣзӲһͣһʲôΣգûʲôֿ֮
ˣȻ֮ǰһʱ֮У֪ﲻʲôȴͣԭأﶼûȥ̽ȻΪ
ڣ򿪣˲һ˿Ա֮Ҫ̽عŶȻǲȬ߰˳ɣķְա
ȻˣҲûǫã˵ͷӹҩУЦŵˣǾͶлʦõ֮ˡ
˵꣬ĿĬ˵ת¶ҩ
ȻҲϵ˵ҩֻһöȲɴö¶ҵר飬ȻǻһΪο
ԣڻָƵʹѡɴͳһ˿ʱҲûŤŤֱӳ飬
һߣѾܣѽ˽׶Σɴ״಻ҵһͽе¶ʷ£ȻͬĿ
¶ȻǷһͷ漴ʧɢһɹ֫ٺ
ɴͷʱð֮ϣҲе찵֮⣬˸
ȥһʱҩ۾˫֮Уһףǿʢƥ֮ǰǿʢı֮ࡣ
ơ
Ҳ̾¶Ȼڶ̶һʱڣΪ֮࣬ٹãԼܳ׻ָˡ
ŵ֮Ȼ鴫¶粻Ҳû򵽣ǣһãЧȴǺõó档
һߣѹûãɴ֮ѣ׺࣬ϢҲǿ࣬Իָñ졣
һΪԵ˽⣬ǿ̫࣬ҩ棬ǿһ棬ҲΪ䱾ƣܾͱЩƻָ
Դˣû¶̫ı顣
дһ󼢶֮УһΣ˽ûȥ㣬˴еʣˮ֮ﻹҪݣȥЩݵ¡
ʳ˼ڸֽһЩˮ֮漴ٴαչأ֮С
ʱţתۣһʱȥ
䣬ָüΣ⼸м䣬δ̸ǻһ֮󣬾ϢٴνܹĵĽһƳ̡
¶ȻҩЧõó棬ȼĵҩʹΪ洫ӵɴҲûж٣˷õģǴһĵҩ
ʹֻǴһЩĵҩųƷǾƷ˵ƣԷɿٶڻָ
;УҲٴνʳθʱǲŷ֣ãƺȴûЧá
̶Ȼ󣬵ȺȴƺǱѰ
ȻЩζҲûô֮Уȴһɵܸİơ
Էһ֮漴ٴοʼˡơ
һΣȻòݣֱõܽһββ棬ǵС
һΣ಻ԣ˵иʣϣ
һΣ򿾣ֲ³ԷǰЩ㡱ζǵõķӣûҳһζǰͿڡ
Դ֮ЩζĸԺˡ
ĽʳУƻָķɿ죬ڶʱʱң˾ȫָȫԼƽʱ۷״̬Ҷһ㱦⣬иһļ̶кĹЧ
ˣȻ̶֪кķǱѰǽζ
ֻһҲԽףعŶԸӷǱѰˡ
ʱ֡
Թһκ㣬ץ˼ʮɣ봢䣬һۣǿǣôȥˡ
ôã治֪ôˡ
ԼˣȻĴˣ϶֪һ㣬ΪԼ˶Ѿˣֻѳ
ΪԼ˲Ҫǵģһ󣬾ͳôıʣȻˣǳ䣬·;ս֧СӣܰȻߵóȥ
뵽ˣɫֲ΢΢һ
ǰո֮ʱȻù죬ǣϲھĻˣȴԶˣҲû漣ԡ
Һʦ֡
ºȻ
ڡ硭
츳ףȺǹ£ҫһʱǰ;
ϧǵȴҹ֮żȻһɶŵǣȻѤãȴôȥˣٲ׷Ѱ
ȻˣҵȵȺ֮ˣȻɻţͲܷ
ʹֻ֮һϣҲҪŬѰҳȥĵ·׷ѰСʣԱĽŲòɵ񡣡
ɣ
š

ɴˣʯǰȥ춥ϵĹǴ͸֮ǰʱε棬һϷ
δδ𡭡
ˮ£۳̶С̶ǰһߵͨ
߽Ƭ֮һε͸ˮ·
̧ͷȴ֣ˮƺһʲô͸ϸסˣȻͷȻȴ¡
ҲԹȴǲ͸ʮǿ֮Ĺûһ˿һĲơ
Ȼ־ĴڣܹƵ˵ĶֻǷϵˣعŶһʲôĴڡ
ͷȥֻܿʯͨˣͨǰߡ
Ȼ˲Ƭʱ֣˾ЩƵվһºɫʯǰ
ºɫʯڣգԹƣƱһʯɽʹӲһƣҲû¶ٺۼȻݻٻǻˡ
һ·Ҳ߲ͨˣΨһ·֮ǰ˿Ÿƺͨδ֪֮·ͨ
߰ɣ
ҲûӲƴ֪·ôҲģ󣬷һҲ·Ͷ·£˻Ӳƴһ¡
ֻ£ԻһͨڣȻ߹Щµ޷룬Ҳֻðһðˡ
ˣ·ȥٴ·С̶Ȼ󣬳֮ǰɴݣһʯͨ˹ȥ
ԽǰӽԽʹ߶ħͫԾɸо裬ʯҲ֪ʲôڣֳ֮ʮ֮࣬Դˣ˸оΣȴҲֻüǰС
ңɴУɳյͭƣȼ֮ܵĹʱ
Ѿܿܵĵ·ǰС
䣬ҲʹɴյͭƴӺδͶԷͬ޷򿪴䣬ͭԲɴЯǴģ
ɴ֮ȴҲһŸǺ֮߼񵽵ģֻΪʲôһյͭƣȴҲ֪֮顣
ԣҲûʣ֪ҲʲʲôһеĴ𰸣ֻʯһͷѰˡ
ǰûãǰʪ֮أƬ̣۾һڿɴѰݵĵط
һƬЩˮյʯڣʯ֮ϣһɫ֦֦֮ϣ͹ɫĻ䣬һԴԣһشأεΪ׳ۣУƮһɵ
ЧȫЧҪ˵ɴֵȽ׵ǿˡ
˶һۣһЦ𵱳ȻǿЩݲŻԱڣǲͬնǲʤꡣ
ûж˼ǰС
ԽߣѨԽƺԶû
֮ϣɭʪɫ̦޺û޵ĺۼƺûʲô޳ֹ
ֻߣֹˣµĲɣûеĺۼˮһʱյһɶ
ˡˡˡ
棬ѨԽɭռŵĶѨ֮УˮСεֻ˽Ųġ֮κ
ƺüԼУһϢϢ
ɴȻΪǿϾһŮӣɭİĻû̲סسŲһЩ
Ǽ⣬ŵԷɢĵζ
ԴˣȻоˣûֹʾԷԼ߶


411 ﻯλ£
ʱһһֹȥҲ֪˶ãǵù˼ʱѨ֮ڽֹͣǰȻˮ
ǰһһۣ˶Էе˷ܡ
һọ́ͻȻ˱仯ʹΣգҲùǧƪһɣ޲
ĻУµģǼ׺սһ㶯ûУĿţҪġ
ֶڣ˱仯ϣ
˼ӿ˽ŲƬ֮ǰһʮɵľ޴ɫĵºӣɴҰȥ
ɫ֮࣬һ޴ʯʯǧ򲵣ȻɴȻ۾һǣʯ֮ϣɴߣȻӡմʺ塪Ȫ
Ȫ
ЦֹϵĴ˵ȻûšȻΪţԲŸӲš
ĳˣеģô˵أɫ׶ȡȪɡ
ֻǣһɴˣΪ˵ؼȻ壬Ȼй˼˼ǼټǧǰֵȻ˼϶гڡ
ڿ·أôҪ뿪عŶֻǰУԽɫȪӣ˰һ;ˡ
ɴ߽һɫӣ˲䣬һӭ
ʹɴʵȻҲɫһ䣬ͣ½ŲЩɫºˮʱɵüһɫء
ںΪȪȻĻȪƺҲһ㡣
Ƭ̣Ȼһ֣ԴͳһػɫĿ֦һӣǰĺɫˮ֮С
ɫ֦һҩ֮СҲһֲĵ͵ȲҩֲժԭǴȥ֮󻻳ɹȴûʱȴ̽ɫˮǳ
һˮ֮У˲䣬һɴ˴֦˲ס
ۼ⣬֦ڳ׵ĹУ̶Ϣ֮䣬ͱɫˮʴƬͷһɫ֦ʧӰ٣ͬûгֹˡ
Ƭ𲻸ӵмǿĸʴ֮ѽɫˮȻͬһ㡣
ֻ˲䣬Ʋ⣬ͷ΢ݣɴȥȴҲصһĨɫ
ʵǿѰҪɶⲻＸʮɵĻȪӣҲûпܡ
ֻǣ;жҪһڣ˺Ƭ𲻸մˮôҲðգһԼĽˮУǲܱã˲ͱɫס
ˣҪһԲ֪
Ȼ֪ΣգȻҲǵһԥһС
һ֣жʱһ޴ɫľ壬ֽľǰһӣľʱݡһХɫˮϿա
ɴǽŵĿע£漴һӣӰʩչ޵ĳ̶ȣ˲Խʮɵľ룬Ȼ䵽ľϷ
ڴʱһȥγµ䡣
ڴʱżȻһ·ľ壬һݣٴγǰȥ䣬ɫľȻˮʧȴɹ˰վ
棬ɴ״ʱ¶һϲɫԥƬ̣վҲ編ƣƬʱֺȻ֣β㱻Ǻڷ쫷紵ˮǳɹ˰
һЦйһ빲ĻᣬٿԷʱͲͨĵ꣬ϧѣ֪ˡ
߰ɣ
պӣףܷ뿪˶ؽʱ̣¼ˣ˭ҲûеǰȥңͷԼԼһĨڴ
Ƭ̣ѨȻٴοʼУȻղУͨˮˮϣƺͨĵ·ˡ
ԼһʱȻǰһˣѾɽһ˶ıȡ
ȱХܴݲȻһĨ죬ʹǵ۾
Ĩ죬һɽ֮ϵһСƽ̨֮ϣһֻչ߷ɵķˣԡյ÷Բʮɾ룬һƬͨ죬ɣ
ǡ
Ϊɹϲûʲô顣
һߣҩԣһҩϤǧҩ洫ӣ֡ɴǺȻһţӣ΢ţڴصѵǣ˵еģﻯλ
ﻯλ
΢⣬û֡ȻҩҲ֪һҩ͹һҩȻҩϣûгﻯλҩļء
ﻯλʲô
òתͷѯɴȻʱ˿̣ûбŵ洫ӣܸˡ
ɴȴûʣԾɴעűɽ֮ϵǶɫ黨
һ龲ʱȴЩԽȫ΢΢ͨ졣
ֻҲܸܵʱڶ⣬ɢƺҪ͸أ۾͸Ŀȣš
һҩе˾ϲ
ʱҲòЩˡ
ȻҲף˱֮ϵ黨ԷͬΣǲ⣬ɴʱȷһ󱦲أҪϲı顣
һҩѣ󣬻
ѵȵԼ֮ǰʳҶȸݣ


412 ֮
ͷת»ɣɴþûлش̲סٴתͷȥһ䡣
һΣɴǻعͷһְۣܿĿͶɽ֮ϵ黨֮ϣ˰ʱ֮вŴһ˿߽˵㣬֪֮ô
֮ޣ
һ΢˼˰ΣЩɵؿڵĪǣָͨƿ
ҲҲԡ
ɴεǺܿ쿪ڣȻȥôãһʼļ˷֮ڽƽھϲص
֮Գɾͷ֮ѣΪһ˵ʣǰˣΪعޡ
Ѩ֮ľ޴࣬ع򡣡
ɾѨֻҪԵ㹻־ǿħţ϶һˮ壬пܳɹɾͷûôˡ
Ҫɾͷ۳һƬƬκη򣬵Ȼһˮܱ⡣
Ҫ۳һƬҲûôѡ
ǧ֮ǰش֮عòȱȫҪ⿿۳һĹƬڳ˵Σǧǰǧٱ췽ҹ̷
ԣţֻ㾡ȫľʣȫ˿عһʱֻһˣٶ࣬Ͳˡ
ǣҲȡɵİ취
ƫͷʮɴָָϿյĻ黨ٴλ˵
Ϲ֮ʱн֮Уһҩ컯
컯ϹǿߣͻƷ֮ʱãЧһֵҩ
ǣһţһ֧ţƾԼͻƵҪԭ֮һ
ֵҩ̺һ˿عУһ̷мļʣ۳ԼķƬɾͷ֮
ֻǣȡɵķӣʱȴѾвͨˡ
ΪΣ
۾ĶѣȴͻȻɴ˵вͨʱǲһʵ
֪֪֮Уʣ˵϶Ҳõġ
˵һʱһһʱʮҲûķݡ
ԣҪţԼɾͷû롣
ǣҪһҪѨЩʡ
ֻҪ֮ˣûԸһԭ̤Զֹͣǰġ
Ȼ֪ϣãÿУһϣ
ڣ˵Ϲһֵҩ԰⣬ܲĶ
ֻǣɴ֮Ļȴֲһȴ˲˹
ǰ컯ô棬ΪΣʱȴ
ûĵҩڹŴ׷ʱûûû
ǾֻһܣֵҩҪôѾʱʧЧˣҪôֵҩҲûƵóˡ
ͬʣϹʱãʱӦҲһЧöûС
ǾֻС
ٿɴʱŰɽ֮Ƕ黨ʱı飬ȻһһĲ²⡣
²ĳ֣˵УҲʱɡ顱ȻĪǡ
ǿ룬ɴЦһ£һ´ߵķ˿չ¶ǧ飬ߵ˵
û컯ǶһûЧǡǡ෴
عȫ£ˣ뾡취ҪѰֲعİ취У컯򵥣ݵһ֡
ֻڵˣϧøĴۣĸʣԸȥ߸ѵĵ·Ҳû컯ǲ룬ǡѾˡ
ˡƲ
ԣȻһȻв²⣬Ȼʱ𰸣еʧΣԱ
ɴУҲһ˿ѵõıˣ૵صޣĳЩҲĿ
컯֮ûʧϾϹ֮ʱʢһʱĵҩ̫󡣡
ֵȻüΪãţһݣǡ
Ϊ컯̫ܻӭˣ̫ԣ컯ζҩȲժ
κһ飬һȣµģ
˵ɴУҲһ˿ߺ֮⡣
ȻϹ֮ʱǣΪ̫׷󣬶Ĳڣ´ҩһ˿룬Ҳһ˿֮⡣
컯ҩǷͲֺܸ࣬ߡ
ڹȫ˺Ŀ֮£ǧȥҩѾҲû˼ˡ
ҩ棬ʹָҩʮѰңǣ컯Ҳͽʧˡ
ȻҲԹҩ棬ǣûһ˳ɹ
Ϊ컯ͲͨĵҩҪԵҩ֮ȡɵֱ۳һعƬɾͷ֮Ͳס
һĳҩпܵʧܣҪ˵뽫ҩȫˣ⻹Ƶóɹ֡
ԣѾЩˡ
Ȼ컯ʧеЩʹģǺܿʲôһָİɽڣʵ˵࣬Ƿ֮ޣ컯Īǰﻯλǡ

ԣΪ־ҩʧһֱЩʹɴʱڶȻ˫ƷضŶɾڣ˵
ϵ黨컯ҩ֮һҿݣԻеļƷ
ҵʣµҩǾпϹнҩ컯Լɾͷˡ
Լɾͷ
ԣףΪʲôɴһϵҩʱ¶ܣıˣѹ֡
Լʱ׹֮ԿԼеļһ˿˿ܣãʵĸо


413 ħ
ﻯλȻ컯ζҩ֮һѹ֣ѹ֡Գѡ
֮ǰҶȸ֮ȣһﻯλȴǱƷҩ֪ٱˡ
ҶƷеȣȸݣҲƷߵȡ
ʹ˼۶һľݣҲƷ͵ȶѣﻯλȴƷϡ
ƷУȼҲܿܲ͡
Ʒҩ˵ӵļֵƷ׵ıʮֲ
ǶԷǿߣӵһЧҩ
½ϣֵȽ׵ҩҲǷë۽ǣָÿһļֵˡ
Ҫ˵ƳɾͷϹҩ컯ζҩ֮һ
һ£ҩļֵ͸Թˡ
˵޼֮ҲΪ
֮ǰòҶȸݣʱһȣȴѻ֮ˣмһˡ
ҩʲô
Լеļæسɴѯʵ
룬ԼҵʣҩǲǾͿԳɹƳ컯ӶͻƷ֮
ǰȻұ룬ڣһζҩԼǰڼ֮£ȻЩƲסԼ
ɴһۣȻе뷨Ȼˮǣ룬ֹסˣҲ̲ס͵һ̾
ǰǸˣϻĵҩʱܱ顣
Լڲ󷭵й컯ļʱǺʱͬı飬й֮
ȻˣԼôô˷֮ġ
ȻԸ˵ĻҪ˵
˵ҵһﻯλⲢҩһҵˡ
ȻѾżȻһ꣬Ѿе⣬֮ң뽫ȫ룬ǳ˵Σ췽ҹ̷
к踣죬ӵд֮ˣ򣬹Ƹûܰɡ
뵽Լŵͨ洫ӣŵԴбԼͷϣҪɾͷֻпԼ
ʱ˵ı飬ҲͿˡ
ǣһ£ǿ˵컯ҩһƷµҩؽһ֣Ʒеҩ˥ݡ
ͬƷ͵ȵĳﻯλ컯ҩ
ʣҩŵݵλ˵Խ컯ĵΪ컯
Ȱ㻹ǲҪ̫ϣ
˵ɴЩȻصոշﻯλʱϲʱҲʧӰ١
Ȼ뵽ɾͷ֮ѣҲЩ
ôࡣ
룬Ǳÿö࣬һ֣Цʹܴ컯ҩΡﻯλǷݼֵҲһƷ͵ҩ
λΣлζ֣룬黨壬ӦҲǷɣ

ԣɴһȻ󿪿˵֮Ƕһƿ壬ͬ
Ҫɾڣ;ҲĶѡ
ҵһﻯλ²ȫ£ֻҪ֮һпһֻѧữΣˣɾͷļʴ
ȫ£ɾͷļʣٸߴ˳ɡ
ﻯλҪ壬ͬҪ
ң￴ʮΣûб޷֣Ȼǻеһͷʹˡ
ôǿδء
Ŵԣȴҡҡͷ˵ĿŰɽһĨ죬ɫ֣ص˵
ŶôΪʲôѵ
ɴһȻ̧ͷȥȴ˵Ľ̸Ǳ֮ϣȻ䣬һ޴Ļɫһʯ֮͵̽ͷ
ǻɫͨ͸ѪҺ
һԽɫسվڵضڴɴɨɫһ˿䣬һ˿⣬һ˿ơ
ħ벽ڼޣ
һ֮ɴ̲סȻɫһ壬̲סͳһ
ħտʼǷֳﻯλʱɲδ֣ȻӦ˵Ķ˳
ѵǿ޴绯ʯ֮󣬾Ȼһ߶
ﻯλͲ֮һͷ޴ħػĶҩˡ
ô죿
ɴЩսʿΪ֮ҵ
Ϊ磬֮ȻĽΣȻû̩Ȼ
ȻͷѾﵽ벽ڼĿֲħɫȴ޶پ֮ɫ
벽ֻҪڣƾ֮ѵսʤ
뵽ˣ΢΢Цˡ
УУС
Լ֣ɴǲˣħŭˣӱϳζ
˿˿źţɴ˷̽ԵĹ
ǰΪθߣʹߵҲѨڳζѣжζûдﵽ
Ҫ˵ΪոսѨڳεɴˡ
ˣڣʲôֵӵĶֻǲ֪ΪΣ΢Цȴܾһ˿Σա


414 飨һ
սɡ
һɴ˵
Ȼܷﻯλһһս޿⣬ܹҪһᣬֻһܵõﻯλ
ɴҲֻǸտʼͷ޴γʱһ˴
Ȼһ·˲֪Σգڼ޶սˣһֻ벽ڼħ
˵ͷҲ˵Ǿս
ڳﻯλҩصģֻɵҩļֵǲǳﻯλһʲô黨ݣûʲôֱ
ɶɴͬ
ȿᰮе˵ûбȷһҩϲ˷ܵˡ
˵ҩƷ׻ͦߣоֵ
ڳﻯλƳ컯˵ѰҵҩƳɹҩЧûʲô壬ֻǸ
ԣֳﻯλӳԣӷҪõֲɡ

һǰıħһ˿ɵٳٲҲøټȥˡ
һۣɴһһҷɳһ˻Ӱһʵ飬ӰͬʱֱǱħȫȥ
ɴȴһģֱͶͶ֮ϣȥȡǳﻯλ
ħȻŭˣǰС࣬ûзǾȻԼ
У
Ȼһţһֲĺ⣬ʱһȥ
ȴȻһβҪǰֹɴỨ
ȻǳţȻɹסһӰƬ̣ȴžס֮ˣȻһ̣λĭ㣬ɢ
ȻһӰ
ţ
ͷħȻﵽ˰벽ڼ΢ǣǲǿڴ˵񣬶ʱһ
һһ˿

ˣϲôܷŹĴûᡣ
˫һ˲죬ۣ࣬පצһʽ޼䳤ʱ·ŭкȶݺݵػڱħߴ֮ϡ
һض죬ͷ·ʯ׹棬ڶ˲һ
ֱ۷·Ӱջأٿʱȴħ˶ͷ­𣬵ɫ֮ͫУ·˻棬Լ
ȣ
һͷħĶӣֻЩʧǣʹԼһȭõ˴߷һǳ䲻һֱߴֹؽλ
ͷħȻһͷ벽ڼǿޣǿĲ˼顣
һȭȻֻ˶ڱϺ˼ߣһ˿ѪûнҪ˵һɱˡ
벽ڼޣȻûôսʤԼΪʱܴﵽѨڣѨ۷壬Ӧòڱ׾ͽ°ɡ
Ҳ٣ҲûһоͷħɱУںء
ħһȭĻ˳ͷ­˲䣬¶һɭɭͷһͣͳѸҧ
һŨصֱӿԽѬ
״һת˷ҡֱϣܹһͬʱපצڶʽ̻貹
Ȼû뵽ͷħʱһоȻҲУȻҲñʵĵסû£ɴʱӰȴѾ˱֮ĲλۿҪǶﻯλˡ
ȻеͣɲȻ֪ͷȴ£Ҫס黨ȫɶݡ
ǣܿȥĵһ˲䣬ȴˣû׷һɫӰϿϵɴ׷ȥ
ͬʱֱɴȡɶﻯλٴδһţһΣȴһֲĺɫˮ
Щɫˮīʵʣ£ɢڹ⣬һͿɴʯǾ綾֮
ɴȫûע⵽һСģЩɫˮϣ϶ҲҪˡ
Ȼͷħȴûϵɴʵһֱڷ
ҪʵҲΪҪסͷħԼֱȥȡǶﻯλǾһƲߡ
ҲףƬȣһʱ֮ڣҲ·˻ضѨȻͷħ綼һսˣβһν
֮Ҫͷħ˴ʧˣ޴֮£¶͸ʺ¼л
ԣͷħһƬˮʱѸٵע⵽ˣͬʱֱһƣ·һƬƣڱ˲ȥɾ롣
ͷħˮʱȫգڱ֮ϣžžžһ죬ƾˡ
Ҳɴ΢΢һǣǼ겻ı֮ϣЩˮ£˲䱻ʴһͷĿ׶һڡ͡ϵðź
ɴҲѣãзȥˣЩˮϣǲ롣
ҲԳͷħĵ֮һԺ˷ЩˮʱͲֲˡ
ԣɱϣɴһĳԣϻ¡
һһ£޼䣬ɴ򵤷ɻĳපצڿȻͬʱͷħ֮ϡ
ͷħӴչʮɳܵ棬ܲ棬ܵ棬ܲ档
Ϊβˡ
ټǿֶΣˮѾɴϤ֮£޹ƽ˷˼λᣬǷŭŤѡ
βĻ֮£ƽ᲻ɴݵıڣһ飬ʯ£̳
һߣڰмҽսɴץסŤתһ㣬ʱ֮
Ƭ֮󣬼ʹͷħΪߴ벽ڼȴǱɴѨڵˣתǷŭ
С
£ʮСһ˺ۣͷħѧˡ
ͼܣ˵ĹҲļֻҪһɱзĻᡣ
ǣɴֱӰһͬһɽ۾УʼѸٷ죬ڣ·һ쳱
֮ѸǴƺҪɽڡ
ãҪɱˡ
ɴ״ҲҵæɵԶԣɫࡣ
Ȼƣ˰ͷħˣתҪɱԶúܡ
ڣۼͷħҪֲһ˶Ҵ⣬˲ޡ
ܣ˲ҫһ͸Ľ𾧻֣ǰƷʮеĽ𾧻ڡ
ɴҲһ㵭ɫıɴŵĲ֮֮һƷ׷ɴ
ˣԾգҧһҧȻһ֣һӡ
ӡУ˲䣬һɫȻԽԽ󣬽ԼɴС
žðȫһЩɫƶȵȿͷħ׻ʲôֲֶûʹóⲻ֮£˴
ɴ˿Լǰĵɴֿ˿ǰĽ𾧻ڣҡҡͷ֪ڷⷽ棬Ȼ϶Ǽˡ
ֻǣּʩչһϵԼУ·ǡǡһ㣬ʱЩ档
Ŀǿƴֲڲȴһƾתʮֲ龪졣
Ҳ֪ؼ֮һȻ棬ûпڶʣǿ֮Ŀǰƣ䵽ͷڷıħϣ뿴ʲôֶΣҪԸԼˡ
̡̣
ѪҺͷħ֮ϴۿɼ֮ϵѪ·컯һ㣬һ֮ɫһɺ
񻯣Ī崫˵еĿ񻯣
񻯣ħеħֶͬһЩѪ߹ޣʵСʱ޿ƥеĵˣȼԼǱֵΪۣп񻯡
񻯺˲ʮսսƿ֮
֢Ҳǳأգ£򾳽ڷ
ȷߺɴˣͷħԲ񻯣Ͼ֢С¡
ǣΪɴ˵Ʋߣͷħױŭɴ˼ȷߺޡ
ͬʱԳﻯλ̫ӣóԲŲϧۣ񻯣ҪԸɴˣ˻ɱػԼ黨


415 飨
ž
ǣ
һֵͻȻ֮еɴԶͷħһһֱ졣
ͷϣҲĶСС͹֮ϣģһһɫƬ
ħ
ĪǣҪ׳ɴ˵е
ɴ˼ˣǲɫȻһ䡣
ؼ䣬ԣҪۣ
ǣڣͺһԶѪôһѪѣȴڶʱڣʱĳ֡桱
ʱȻµġ
Īͷħھ溬һ˿ԶѪ
뵽ˣɴɫ֣ˣ֪ս²ˡ

ȥһյʱֺͷħų׽ȫȫ£Ѿ
ͷ˫ǣۣǴһࡣ
ԭʮֳִڸԵԽֻһ۱˲ͷͷƤ顣
ɢһɿֲϢϢ֮ǿֻ֮ǰɴԵڼޣԲһߡ
ֲϢñϿյķ֮ɫ䣬һڵۣд꽫ɼɲ
̧ͷűڲ㱣֮еɴˣԹ޺֮ɫһ˿м
漴ٲԥȻһ˦ӣۡһһŷ·̰Сĳţ·նȽȽֱɴΧǵ֮ϡ
᲻ɴݵʱҲȻһ𣬶ɫǽ֮ϣȻһ˿һ˿ϸ΢ѷ졣
šաײЩѷԽԽԽԽգڡաеʮĻʱԷƵġȻķѣȻΪһŻƹɢӰ١
ˣ֮ϵҲܵشȻɫһף³һѪ
磡
ɴʧæɵͽס
ȻȴϾΪʱաڻ֮Ʋͣٴһ壬ͳ嵽Ľ𾧻֮ǰ
顭
ƺߣĽ𾧻ڣôҲһŰƷȻ⡰աĹ£ȻҲֻԵصֵ£ͺȻɢ
һ浹ɶſһڷڵѪȴѾˡ
𾧻ڵƣʹҲԳܡ
Ȼ䲻ãɴıȴǲաɢ֮ܵĵɫɴĽ𾧻ڶȲϣֻһֱѣΪ˵ɢ
Ҳƺһֽɶ
м赲ĻգȻ߰˷֣ȻƲ˥ȻغȻɴϣ󣬲ɢ
ҲòңΪǰ󲿷ݵֻһ£˽Ϲۣпܵ
ʱ;û׵ˡ
⣬Ǿھıħܷӳ
ɴ̾
֪ʱԲһʱѶԸ
ԣǿѹƣһ¿мҪѪǿ˵ѹ¸зڲݵѪӰʩչ֮
˻ΪͬӰӣڱħ費ݣһˮ
ϣϣϣ
һ಻ݵĴ֮һߣɴǿƣסͷħ˲䣬ӻͳһСƿһĵҩԼС
¶裬Ʒ˵ҩ֮һڼƷ֮¡
ⵤҩɴҲ࣬ϴڶѨиʱһ˷һҲֻһЩͨ˵ҩۡ
ʱΣȴǹ˲ˡ
̷¶ɴϢһȣŲһ㣬ڱ̤£һɫҶƮ֮ڿŲ£Ȼ˱ħһͷ
ȣ
һȣУһöЩֵĺɫ׶׶֮˸ŵâȻһƷײ͵ű
ٴﵽƷ
ͣ
ɫ׶ſֲתһ·͵ͷħϡ
Ȼʱıħȷֲ񻯱֮ǿ󵽲˼顣
ʹɴöԲ׶Կֲٶȷɳ֮֮裬ȻֻƤ֮£һϸСĿ׶һ˿˿ѪҺ
漴ͱסȻҲǰˡ
һʹñħ˲ŭ˫Ŀ죬Ȼɢ̾һӣβһ˦
һɿµľ磬ЯصĿƣɨɴ
ɴ״ɫԱ䣬ȴη壬һкȻֶһɫıӡ
һűҺȻһƷ
ɴǲѵһȴ֮ࡣ
뵽ңұԶˣһʦ½ǼģҲȻ
ɫıӣʮǿ󣬶Ҽ
ɴԴˣһѲסħɨβƾһ˦֮һԾţһ÷ӡǣһűħݱסβȥ
䣡
һ춯صľ촫򡱣ɴǷ֮ˣȴħ֮ϴһɷ֮һΣԳ˳е⣬ǳɢ
ͷħҲܣȻɴһƣҲͬΣӦش֮һ
ͷħβ֮󣬱ħȻûʲôƣɴۿɼȴβļ֯һ˲仵ڣá
в΢΢һԼµƷɴĵйأԲЧ
ɴɵĺԽأĻҲԽ󣬼ˣ۾
ţ
һ죬˫ֻ͵һһף̫ԲȦڰȻڣһ𣬷һ춯ص֮Ȼѹͷħβ
䣡
һֲص촫Ǳħڷոձɴá÷֡һ֮Ȼʲôȴ
ޱȵһħʱʹһ˻ţ·ѿӿ
뽫ס𣿡
״Цһ
۷϶ͷʱȻھıħǣӴƥתıħȵѽӰ
͡
һӰֵ󣬵ȻѾӰֻܻػӰ˲߰˵ĻӰ
ЩӰʵԣٶȾ֮ȻǽӰļ޾ת
޾磬ʤΪ˰Ʒ֮󣬿ܴУΪ
ھڳչܳʮʮӰҲδûпܡ
ʱӰֻ¾ͲͨİƷǿͨƷ½Ĳˡ
ȻھǸ绹Զϣﵽ
Ŀǰܷӳ߰˵ӰʵѾǳɲˡ
٣ͷħŴϯסһ̣ͷǵǼٵģѾһߣٴһȭҳ
ڰ׹⻪գڰ̫ء


416 飨
ͷħǿǣվֻһͷӤڵܱȵùɴ鳤ǻۣ
ıħʹЧһߣȴһһ׼ᣬں䡣
Ȼһ¿ܻħķ££¡һΣܳɹˡ
ͷħȻ֮̿ݵĽԼ׵ڳڵĲΡ
ϾȫһŴιʧЧ֮ϢͿʼ糱ˮ
أٴСϵۼףͷ˫ǣʧٴλָһ͸벽ڼģ
ʱָԭ״֮״ǱˣͷãβߴȴѪȾڣǿӿӳѪӡ
ȻɴλУˡ
ͷħҲǿʹˣȻû̬֮ɷɣϵŤת׷ɴӰһ
ɴֺγɴĵ
ѨǿȻڵԴԴǣָڲ־޴ĵ¡
һĴڻָôջ˥ߡ
ɴսǷǸǿʩչҪϷһħע⣬ٶȣôָҲָġ
ʹ;ϷһЩָĵҩʱཥее㷦Ϊ̡
ҲףٲͷħָˣҪùģֻ·Լˡ
һۣһ֪ܰͷħĥ˳̶ȣǲףȥֻ·ʡ
ԣһ֮˾˶Էʲô˼
ϧۣսپȥˣ
䣡
˲Ӵ˹ȣһ£ͷˣ֧ıħ֧Ųסˣ۾ֳһ˿֮⡣
Ѫ֣
Ȼ֮䣬һֻȫıѪ֮ɫѪƺȫɣֻƿήֻʣƤͷ
һ׺ɲƣȴȻ
һƣһצͷħĸ̽ȥȴǴһɱ
Ѫ֣පצУʽ֮һһǼ׺ɱС
ֻΪ֮ʱ̫󣬶Ƶı仯ֲ̫ǰʹá
ڴʱ˵أ˱֮УֻɴһˣͷΪԶԼɴ˵ıħóһɱС
Ѫˣͬˮͷħӿȥ
ֲľ˻Х쳹ȣѩĽ
һֻ޴ƣ·̽޹ֱͷħһƸ
ħһ˻һǿܹĲݡ
֮״һЦֻһתٴһ̽
һΣڱ޿ɱܣ֮ϣʱֲָۡ
һצ㽫ƸˣѪȪϵس
䣡
ħηˣЩؿ׵ĳﻯλһۺ󣬺ȻһȻȥղγ֮ʱֵ绯Һ߶ȥ
Ȼʱ˿̣ôܷߣʱָ³һսľͲ֪˭ˡ
ɫһһ䣬ֲɫͬһŷ籩Ȼ
ħֻԺȻһըȻܵƣȻͻȻһƣҲ޷ܡ
ƣʱصӡ˱ħ¸ߴ粿λ
һͲӰ죬ͷħһڲʵĵȥ
Ӵѩأѩɽ嶼
۾У¶Ȳ֮ɫᣬӨ䣬䵽ѩϣ˲ϸСԲξ顣
ףۼͷѲıħڷҲľɴˣҲڲɵһ
˿һϢȥȡ׵Ƕﻯλûˡ
һۣ˶ԸңҿͷħûгͻھȻʱûһͬ׵ǣֻеһ;
ҲҵǣɴһսĬټӰнס
ټϰƷපצʽɱеڽҲɳǲס
Ϣһʱ֮ɴˣŻָһվһЦ
Ŀ䵽ͷ·һɽѾıħʬϣϣ漴¶ϲɫ
ͷħѷôƷ͵黨ﻯλԼ˵֮ˡ
һۣûжʾɴȥժ
黨޶ȤȫպܷƳ컯ܣҲֻһϡҩѡ
ܣʱҲҪɴæ
ټﻯλ˹֣ͬӦ˹ͬУԣ󷽵ɴȥȡ
Σ黨ʱĴɴϣȷԼмֵ
պԼѰ컯ҩȥǣҲԼջ
һսԭȻ棬ȴҲֻİ
񹲾ԸԵӶ˽⣬Ȼ׶ԷΪˣЯǱӣºˡ
ɴ״ȻϲɫмĿһۣ֪ǼȵβŻˡ
ȻҲṼΡ
ֻƷҩջʵסֻ˵ͷȻҲûԥƴǣֱһݣ׵ı֮ȥ
ܿ죬ﵽﻯλǴԲα֮ϣȡһֻСؽһСȫȡ
һֻ˶ĺУΪʧѸٵĴзӡ
һʱʵ̫ã߾ĳЩĴ̼Ӱ쵽˺С
ﻯλٿ⺮У֮ãҩЧ˿ɢʧ
ŵӵĺôǶ˲ժһҩԼҩԣʶϣȻһеӿɱȡ
ҲԸɴȥժֵеһԭ֮һ
ɴʱȴȻ֣ҲûţӱСɽıħʬǰֳһСæµ
Ƭ֮ͷΪߴ벽ڼıħһƷϣ߽߹ǣƤĿ֮ǰµữһһһû˷ѡ
ͷѪҲռƿá
Ѫ⣬ʵ̫󣬶Ҹߣֻܽԭأиһ֮⣬ڴС
ʱҲỵø˵ʳֲԪ


417 飨ģ
ɴ֮ҲóƿȡƿħͷѪ档
ħ֮ѪһЩƷҩĳЩĲϡȻЯжƿȻ˷ѡ
һսȻϢһᣬǾþƣ
ŹķѩһʱҲ·氤ܶԥһ£Ǿɴ˻صض
ͽȼһ׼տ⣬һ٣Ϣһᡣȵȫָ۷״̬֮ٳȥ̽·
ȼٶȷɿ죬Ƭ֮ѿ졣
˷ֶʳ֮Ȼ磬ζ
˴ãԵð뱥֮󣬾;£ٻָķ֣ȫ£ůġ
ȫ֮˾͸һߣ漴ϢĿ̷ҩָ

һʱ֮
һӣǰĵͶһѵĶͷħϵһЩϣĿ߾Ƥ߹ǵȡ
ȻɴͬɱȻȫΪУǴֳһݸɴ
ɴȡʱȴȻҲѾָ۷״̬תͷһߣȴ˹

ߵߺݳһѪɫ֮ϣɢһ㡣
ǣ
ӹ΢΢һ
ɴԣ΢΢һЦѪ֮ġȻңǣȴʱŶʣģԸΪ˱֤ﻯλľȨһǵøдһݱ֤
ţ
ɻ̧ͷָָѪ㿴ˡ
ԣҲûǫãֱһͷĵѪ֮Ͽȥ
ȴ֮ϣȻдǽ֮£ɴ֣ͬնɱͷħͬȡﻯλ
У߷֣Ӧù߷֣ɴù֣Ҳﻯλ֮һ
Σʹ±ģõﻯλѰҩ֮ʱȡ黨Ųκɣܾƴǡ
䣬ɴѪģҲ˵֤Ķ
һΥԼܵصĳͷ
治á
ͷ΢𣬾ҪеѪƻȥȻȴɴֹˡ
һҲͷջǰѪպã˴֮С
޳Գźô°֮һ¡
ǣܳɾͷҩ̫ϡˣҶԼܱ֤еˣȴ˱֤
صţһ˵֪ӵﻯλ󣬻᲻ȡᣬռУȴ֪
ڷָԣպ֮ʱҩԲڽָõġȻԸ⽫⣬ңȻʧ
պԶݱչػʧ٣ﻯλʮ֮ߡ
ȥ֮ҾͻὫ֮Ĳŵġҩ¥ҪʹʱƾѪ¹֤ûֹ뿪
⣬ҸѪ֮壬ǧƴǡ
ðɡ
գǱɴ˵Ҳףﶯĵĵ
ɴδеÿһˣϣ˵ıʣҲ֮һжѾòһء
дһ֤ݣҲǺ¡
һɨϵֽЩԱħϵĲϷ֮漴ٴ̤ʯűΧȥ
ǣѾٴطˣ뾡ҳ·뿪Ƭع֮أǰȥ׷ѰԼ֧󲿶ӡ

ɴرȣħһսսնɱֳﻯλʱ
ḡа䣬ڤʮҴɵĴ󲿶ӣѾ˰ķΧ֮ڣҰһƬããʲôҲ塣
ֻ֮ڣԼԼɼСһΣʮֹ졣
һƬ񣬴и߸߷𣬼֮Ʋ񷡣
ɴˣƱȣ죬⻬羵·ţûгȥĵ·ʱһɥͶ·
ḡ˵СӣʱڰΣ˵ƴսﻥǿȹˣˣһ˲
ˣΪⳡͻĴѣŬƴ
ңԶ֮ڲǳ󺣵Ҫص㣬ԭ˰ﴦһ°ɽ֮ϣʱȻͣһҹɫ㣬ܲǮֻ
֮ϣպûиһȺȹŮӣã򻳱٣ãֳֳѣɫȻݶڻ࣬εΪ׳ۡ
֮ţʱرգûһϢ¶

֮ڣһĻڵԝڶһƽΣƽ֮ϣһӵӰ
ӣĿΪϣһ·̫ߵĹߣһ·ϻ滭ųɫͼΣ£ɢһɿɲϢ
Ķ棬ƽɴᣵǰһꡣ
䣬ڣĿҲһڽסȻ֮ǰں֮УͻȻǮˡ
˵Ҫ鱨ɣ
ȻһЩͳͣȴƺһħ˲ȥԽȥܵϣĵ﷢Ĥݣ𾴵
֮ͬ
ǰڵصĺ꣬ܵ׵Ļƽ˵֮ʱɻһͷ̧һ£æڵأص
ϣѾ֪̽ѡɳʮӢӣѾȫ󷽣׼ͻ֮·һͻƣ࣬
ŶʮӢô
߻ƽԣббп֮ϣһ̬֮ȻԵö𶯵ӡ
Ŀ˰ΣȻڵϢɢȥ˽֪ҪҲ֪Ϣ֧󷽵СӣһزðһӢĵӣȫû
ԣ׵ĺ꣬Īһʵһͻ֮ħ˸ǷʲôӰ죿
Ӱ죿
Ǻǡ
߻ƽ˵ʮ죬ڽȴֳһѵõݽĮ
ֻħ˵Ļƿûռȫħ˵ĸռƻ໹ûʱʱ򣬲Ⱥ˰ĿͶעǵϡ
ԣĴڣǵԸȫ½Ŀעʱ򣬶ĻʹȻࡣ
Ȼɻһλϲţǣ󲿷ݵĲӺ͸֣ȴȫɳĴսսԽã½ĻҳԽãǸħϣԽ󡣡
ˣӦÿˡֻڵ֮֮Ǿܴ򿪷ӡħˣʱǵʱˡܾΪ֮һҲͿ๦ߣʱȻĺô
ǣǣллϡ
ϲæڵأæе
Ӧѩڴˣ߻ƽ˵Ľк϶ԻһΪܾ֣Ƕԣ̫Ϥˡ
ܾ֡󶥷֮һߣˡݹʥ֡ڣʥġڣʥսӡΪڣʥսӡеľԼ֮һ
û뵽ڣʥҲԵʮ˾ӢСӣǣʱ˿̣ȴ¶һ˭Ҳ֪ݣ˭Ҳ֪ܡ
Ȼʲôħİӣһأӵġݹʥ֡ڣʥƺҲǱѰ
ĪǣҲʲôĪħһԱ
ֻǣһ飬Ҳ޾ݿɿ٣ʱû֪ˡ
ˣȥɡ
߻ƽ˰˰֣Ҫʾܾ뿪ȥɢϢ
ٴιƽʩһ񣬶ȥ
ȥ֮߻ƽʲôȴǶȻŭȻֱߵһֻҵڵϣѳһƬ
ܾȻֻʹ֮һΰ£ʮֵ
Ǹʹȴʵ̫ϲˣԭһԺû뵽ò׵õĿ֮ȻᱻһӻɱؾҲŪʧ٣
ţ˿ǰҲŹߣ
˵ŭһĶɴᣣʱƮȻȫ˺ѡ
Ǯں˴֮ٴ߾ԭķȥ


418 飨壩
죬ҹʱ䣬ɴ߲ݣڱѩɽѰټãȴûзκһͨͨ
˲û˻صضԭ·ȥϧ;·вͨ
ֱӷԽããɽ
ȻɽɣȫǶһ֣˵ɲȥܣֻɽ棬Ȼɽѩ֮⣬ѩ
ʱ˲ҲҪ
ʵ֮£»صºںӣ׼ŻȪ߳ȥ
Ȼ࣬ȴ֣·
Ȫˮƺһʯд˸ðӵǱУҲڡ
ȪˮƬ𲻸ＴʵûͣˮԽȥ˭֪ͨڵɽдǧûˮʴɿݹǣάĵ֣ҲҪľС
ǱУûͨ·Ȫˮֱ£ڵصٴγһºӡ˲ȫͨдһ졣
ֱʱ֣ڵصڣɽȣĿʶ޽Ĵɨʵȫϣ
ֻǣһбһٻɫů⣬֮ǰǷֳﻯλڣǿ޴ͻ绯ңǿ߸͹İʯ̨֮ϣȻ֮䣬۾һ
԰ô
Ȼ𣬵ǻɱΪߴ벽ڼıħǴǿ绯Һγ
Ȼ绯Һ޴Ǿֻһܣʯ֮Ӧһε߶
Ȼ߶˵ǳȥͨء
һ뵽ˣʱβסϲʹϦбһѾȥǰ಻סɴűԮȥǿ޴绯֮󣬹ȻһĶڣͲڷ绯ֻ֮¶һ롣
һ룬ʯ֮£һȥڲףĵģ֪ǧ
ͳһ¹ʯ֮ã˼˵ټ֪ⶴеޣħѾǻɱȻȫ壬ֱ˽ȥ
Ȼģһ˻ǿһҫŵĵâɴܣɴƣȻ˸ѧǿʮԼɴ
¹ʯĴɼȻıڽԱѩȻȻԽԽůһһҹ߳ʯȻ֣߳˱ȣһĵؽ硣
⴦ؽ磬ǳ͸һĻסǾڹĻУԳС
ȥɴȻ֣˷ǳĵطǳĻˮӰãû޾쾰
ǣ
ɴЩá
ǰһĻǵ񣬼ʹһҲ벻ΪʲôϣһĴڡ
⵽ΪʲôǺǱĳطãܡ
ܣֻЩˮĻԼγһΣʱƬռҲеĻͻȻһȻ뷨ĪǣǱһԲ֮У
Բ򣿡
տʼûע⣬ŹĻΧȥȴ֣ȷˡ˾ķ֣ԼˣȻıһ޴ĹС
ͨ嵭ɫһ㺣ˮǰΧĿռ䣬ȴִĲ˼飬޼ʡ
֮ǰڵضеļʶǾãԼˣƺĪһĿռ䣬⴦ռ䣬кˮʯɽȣͨеȪӣƺĳЩδ֪֮̽
š
۾֪Բ²Ҳ²ⲻʲôɴϥ£һֻȥϸظӦǰˮĻ
ưˮĻ֮ʱֻ󣬹Ȼͬһˮ֮ϣһѹĻͻ΢΢ڰأֱԭ
Ȼ뾡ʲô취ָãõýȫ߶පצΣҲˮĻƺһƣ̺ĳ򣬴ơ
ɴȻģҲְ취ȻգڵýƤ㼸ʱ֮Ҳֻ֣ڵϣ˫ǰˮĻ
ǰһ֮棬ɳǰδеļΪδ֪أΪأԿ־壬Ϊ־壬ҡ
ʹһᶨˣʱҲɵЩ޲ˡ
ʱһһֵĹȥҲ֪˶ãȻ䣬һվȴȻٴοĻȻ£˫ƣǰˮ֮Ļ֮ϡ
ԱߣɴĶ˫ĿľȻȫɣովֶζԹˣԣкãӰ׷ѹô
ҲֻȵԼеʳȫĵл͵ص󷽵̶СȫԹ֮󣬵ȴǵģҲֻˡ
ǡôģܸġ
ֻǣٲҲֻĪ⴦ĪĿռ䣬һɴļޣԣ֪ô죬Ҳ֪ô졣
ԣֻܴأؿæµȴҲ֪ҪЩʲô

ûйɴķʱͻȻһ뷨ʮּģվٴεˮĻǰԡ
ưǰˮĻ֮ϣ۾ſ˼翣ʲôҲܣֻǹ⽫һʶس˫֮ʹز֪ǺˮĻ
ʶø޷ƳˮĪǣȻı仯
ǹĻ֮УֳһȦһȦͬһԲţЩԲɹȦɢĽ⡣
֮УĿڹĻ֮ǰʥׯϣͬӡһ˫ƣͬʱ˵Ľԣ֮ϣҲýƣƺΧĹĻΪһ塣
ǣ
ɴĻɵô󾪣ǾȻĻı仯漴ȴþûֵУǲʲô޷Ԥ֪ıʡ
ֲͼ˭֪ǲʲôؽʱ̣ΪԼһ񣬻ĳӰ죬ʲô֢ԭԼ
ȻĵģȻɴʱҲֻվ󣬽ŶڴıӰȴԼ
ǡϳʲôõı仯Ļı仯ܿǣǲҪǿнֹľ档
ֻڣԻʱ

ĻһɴϣȻ˱仯仯ȴɴһɣ֪׸òֹ̽
ȴܵĹĻ֮ϣˮΪ֮رΪƣ·һأӰȴ·ǶȻӳϣʼֻһ࣬ٱ࡭
һ𡭡ʮ𡭡ǧ𡭡
ЩӰȫͬһģ˫ĿգׯϣɢԱӵĽ⣬ƺܵĹĻһȫֹӰ
ǣ
ɴɼ䣬Ȼ䣬Ļ仯
ӰмۺϣȻٶȻ۳һ޴ľˣݣ޴ľӰһȻΪһ⣬һ壬ŹĻüġ
һ˹
㡭
ɴھȣϸʡ
ȴϣ¶ЦݣȻһ󣬵ɣܴȥˡ
˵ֱ꣬ӱ˫ĿȻһ̤͡·ʲô¾ƣһ̣ɴȵķ֣ԼѾһƬЩİɽȣɽ֮УȻɭľʯȴ㶼ʵޱȣȻǷĪġӰǻصˡʵ硱
ǡ㡭
죬š
ʱȴһơ
һУ֪ʱһȭͷС͸ȴˮɫ渡ֳǧɽѩƮƮԲ
顣
Щ߽˵ƺʹԼ˴ʱЩš
ɴԣһͷˮʲôҲûס


419 ڵ
״ɴһۣɻȻûŪףʱ΢΢һЦߣԻһ˵֮⣬һ֡
һ֣
ɴɻ
ЦŽ͵һ£϶Ͷˡ
Ŷ
ɴһɻ֪еļСʵտʼ֪ʱҲһ棬һ𾪣š
ԣҲֻеθڵ뷨ָе͸Բ˵ԭӦһöڵһöΪߴ۷壬طģڵ
ڵѵ
տʼɴûзӦ漴뵽ʲôʱһ˫۾ôģŵصЩµ˵㲻˵ͷڵɣ
ԣȴǵ˵ͷ˵ҪĲݣû뵽ȴ䵽УӦá
֪޵磬Ƚ׻֣ԪӻԪѨѨӷףÿһ磬вͬ
ɴͷ˵ֻǳУԪǸԪʽ̤֮·Ѩûпݽߵʱĸ֡
½޵磬ʱΪĴڣޣҲһ
Ⱥ֮У䣬ģܴﵽڼģ֮٣ϡҲڣὥһڵ
⣬׳Ƶ
ֻڼϵޣ۳ǿͷڵǿǰģһöҲ˵ͷڣӦ۷壬ֻһͻںڡ
ڳڣһֻһۣҲһ飻ڣ۵֣࣬ǳڣ֣Ϊ۷ޡ
֣֣ںڡܴﵽ֣֣۷壬Ϊͻ׼ˡ
ԭˡ
ɴԣԼԼЩˡеö͸Բ飬ɫ¶һ˿ȡ
һλڼһڵ˵ļֵٱǧһѪ⣬ǿǡ
ˣĪĽУȻһͬըĳֿռ䣬ĪУ
ԭɴ벻ףƣ漰һ˿ı仯
ȴףǺ£ǻ£Ϊöǲܴڻúúõģõһڵ
ֻҪ֪һ㣬Ǿ㹻ˡ
˲³Ϊʲôܳɹ뿪֮ڵܿռ䣬ȴЩŻ۽Ͱ͵ȴɡ
۾Ҳ֪ĺ棬̲סͽղŵΣ渵

ʱݣĳֲ²⣬վĻǰϥ£۾ưϹĻ
ͬˮƣȻָоʶƣ˳ԽĻ֮ϣȻŹĻ֮ϵˮһһʶȫС
˲䣬ǰȻһ䡣
ͬһ磬ǰһƬε磬ذ壬仯С
ȻΪһס
ʶһʶܳⷽκһ֮ǰ˴ʯԽĻȪӣȵķλȫʾһָƣָġ
ǻȪӵ򣬻Ȫ֮£ǺεȳɽдԽ˶ã֮ǰʯпε֮⣬ʲô磬һһУһ
֣Լ֮ǰ磬öӵ֮һζѣҲֻ֮һ
棬磬һ˽ͬٵģǽϢУֻ¶̶Ƭ̼䣬Ҫǧٿף
һ㣬һƬɫ磬һƬأϢۣ֮֮֮أ֮أ֮Ĭȵȵȵȡ
һеأģֻҪһʶκһ磬ֱӳڽ֮磬֮磬ˮ֮硣
ˮˮľľ𣬻
뵽öӵԣв²⣬һ㣬Ϊϣ֮£Եڶ㣬ǽ֮磬ˮ㣬ˮ֮硣
ͷԼڵ֮УܻľϵطԼϵطֻ¾γһѭڣĽ۷֮пܣҲΪһϣͻĴڡ
ϧǧ꣬ҲֻڵȴһȺ޽˵ϣһΪˮ
ڵҲɴˣǿǣѪ⣬ȴǱСʣԱʳȴû뵽
͸Ļ֮ʵͳΪⷽˣڳöӵʹȨ
ĿռɴССڽӡ
ԣھڵ֮رأȵ㹻ķ򣬾п۳׻콵ڵĴʵĸı䡣
һڵƣԳһ磬ӵĪ״⣬дˣ֮Էݵأ˲ϢڤֱϾ죬գ֮¡
ǣ޵磬һ⡪׾
֮ϣʲô磬ǾͲڵˣܴˡ

ӵԼȵ⸴У˸ɫ⣬öƺصӣɴҲɸ̾
˵ĳɷˣΪ飬ӣʶӡ
ڣӣȫУڳΪһصر
رƷٸߴ﷨ڣͲòĽˡ
Ҫ֪ʹɴһ֮λȻҲܵôһڵررŵҲܶࡣ
ļĽ
ȻҲܽռֻҪԸ⣬ʱ½У̽ܣеĽˮϵ塣
гһգܴһЩַ֮ͻƷһ˿׾żҲȫûпܡ
Ȼϣãһ˿ϣʲôϣҲûеĺá

֮ԭﴦĹ°ɽ塣
ܾ֡ԽǮ֮֮߶Σ·һƺ̣Ѫǰߵķɳ۶ȥ
Ҫȥִиո߻ƽ˽񣬽ʮСǱ󷽣ͼףǳ󣬳֮´÷з˾֪
ɣˣҲпܣȫز
뵽ˣںɴ֮µӣ¶һ˿Ӧѩ飬̶ڤа䣬ḡ׿Ⱥ˾ͽм
ǺǣǲǾǣɡ
뵽ˣͲɵ¶˵Ц


420 ͫ
䣬û֪Ͷһ֯飬ݣಢĶӣȴǸ֯ʹ֮һ
֯ʮӴǿÿ£ֻһֱڰУɽ¶ˮԸħΪΡ
ǰУƻ˴ŵŽᣬ֮̽Ŀ֮ӡǧ֮ǰΪһʱǵ޵Ⱥټۣջ룬ʹصµħų
ʹ֯У಻۵һȼѡ
ʹ֮ϣʹʹ֮ϣʮ
ʮʹߣÿλӵУҲ˵֯ڣʥܾġʹ֮һһʮλ
ʮǾͷʮ֮ϣ֯ȨߣҲǰ˲ħ
û֪ǵݣ˲ħÿһ쳣أʵɲ⣬û֪ǵĿʹڣʥܾмԱǵݣǵĴڣҲֻԼ֪һ㡣
ڣǺųư˲ħ⣬û֪˲ħĴڡ
˲ħ£һλǿħһ˾ƹÿλ£ˡʹСӰԼ̡ڡ
ӰǱȡʹҪöĴڣȻʵԵͣǱ㣬ԸǿһȺ壬ںڰеӰӣֱֻӶֱӸֻר̽Ϣռ鱨
̡֯ս֯ÿһֻѵսɱ򣬵ж
ɱ֣һЩ̡еڣʥܾȣҪµöֻ࣬ٶѨ۷壬벽
ϣմѪȣƽɱ֯ƺһǡ̡ʹڣʥܾҲ֪
Ҳʮǵݡ
޵磬Ƹƽʢһǰδеʱʵǧٿףò
˴ţֹڣϻ֮У֪Ǳ˶٣Ӱһ
ݷȴﻮǵıȴгһգ¶צ컻صʱ̡

ܾһ£ͬһֻèǱɭУԾٶȷɿ졣
һ۾¶棬֮⣬һӰǽ뿿ûܿټ
뵽⴦̲ס΢΢ЦɣϿ϶ҪԼһ
ȴħ渴֮ҲõãܵõеġħֵΪǡ
һͻѨڣѨ۷壬ܳΪħĸ֮һҲΪʮλͻƷҲûлᡣ
ħ棬һнпܡ
Ȼ
ڴʱͷȻֳһ˿ΣյϢϵЦݣûʢͶȻˡ
תͷ͵ؿ󷽡
ֻԶһߵɽۣ֮һλҲ۵ӣֶվã
ϣһеĿ⣬վۣȴƺأôΰô棬ͬصġ
һƲϣ꣬ʣϣƺ쳣ƣ룬ȴôᶨôۣһҫǡ
ôܡô⡭
ܾͷ󺧣һУתӣΪ֪ڴǰСһϣûκζԿĿܣӣֻӡ
ȻǵӰֻĮȻس߿һۣȻһֻ֡
ͨһֻƣһ˲䣬ضȻˣȻܾܵĶֹͣˣУ¶˼ȵľвʣȻһУλǰá
ֻǵػ˻ƣһ̣ܾ壬һƲзΪ߰ʮ꣬ķѣѪһء
ٲʣپһҲֹֻ
һ̣ܾУ֪ûкڣûԹ⣬ûСδԸ漴ڰͳ׽û
ⳡ棬ѪȣȻ˵£ȻһУôƽȴǳһִİϡ

߷֮ϣûлͷ࿴һۣתͷ߰ɣ
ǣʦ
󣬺ȻһֱһЩŮ
λŮһ಼ͨͨҲǣȴһɾʣ˳ԣܺӡ
Ҫ˵ϣΨһ㣬ֻһ˫ӡ
һ˫ӣ½ϵĴ󲿷ݵĶֳͬɫͬм仹һССԲһЩɫʮ졣
ڲ࣬һϳλŮʶλãС࣬ͫĴڡ
ҲǣΪһң㵼žѣǿѹΪӡ
Ǳ̽ͻϢذڣȫܶԱͰڱսȣǱ󷽵
ʱϵϢȻɲ⣬һΪõðգǱеӦѩˣȻҲﵽѨ
ңҪǣϣһδϢ
Ϣʮǿرƿ£һֻƥһѨǿߣ
ԭһͨˣΪ׵ӣжá
һĻðһЩνŵֻ֪¶Ҫ
ȻȴǺ֣Ҳûһϲҫ˼ȻôƽƽŻתȥתಽȥ
ɽţߺһԶһصѪ飬ֻ¸ˣ֪﷢ʲô顣


421 ׷϶
ڴгŪ֮ɴˣһЦȻ
ⷬȻգȻȻյĽȴǺõġ
ǲõö飬ҵõ컯ҩ֮һﻯλջ񣬶ǳܼ
ˣһչأ仯֮˵ľΪһﵽѨжΣɴﵽѨжΣȴ֮ջʧ֪Ǹ
һĻٱֱһ֮ͬ£ҷҪǿࡣ
ôã󲿷ݶ֪ߵ˺ηʰ飬׼ҲʱȥѰḡа䣬ڤȣ󲿶ӵϢˡ

ʰһ֮ԭ΢ϢƬ̣漴ɴ򣬳żУ󲿶Ӧߵ·ߣһ·ǰС
;У־չأһһӥһܣһϡȵȣ㡣ƾǿʵܻΪģգɹͨվ
һ죬һƬڵĻԭԭ֮ϣһ޼ʣ԰ȴһ޴ľֱǧ˿ƵĸͬһƬ֡
֮У޴ģɫ񳲣ת貵ϼ⣬Ϊ
ǣ
ɴȣţ˫Ŀ˵ĪǴ˵УͨأǧΪһʼһ𣬺ųٵľ
ľ֮һ֣Ѿ˲֪ꡣ
˵ľϢħֻҪ飬棬ʮ졣
ҵľĴʮϡ٣ңǨͽÿһǨͽһԪĿʼľ֮ơ
Ӧòİɣǵ׵
ɴɾȣȻǹͼȻͼ֮ϣҲܱ·ߣܶطͼǸûС
еԭһȻΪǰδ̤ÿһƬط˽⣬¼·ߣǳϡ١
ҲΪǧʷģɽӾޱ䣬жٵط𣬶֮˭Ҳ֪
󷽱԰࣬Աڴ˴ǽ֮еЩ֮أܾ֪
ԣɴֻܳżеĳħڵĶ֮У壬Լԭǳµ󣬻߼ҪǰȥİжԶôߣȴһ֪ˡ
ҲģУиӦĴڣڿ϶Ϊ̫ԶֻҪһĳ̶ȣеĸӦͻᷢȣʱȻҵ󲿶ǡ

ܴ˴ƫȥ˶һۣǿѹеɻ󣬾ԽɫƽԭŶȥ
Ȼ˾޴ľ֮ʱΪСɵ죬֦֮ϣһɫ񳲡
˲䣬УһֻͷϳֻᣬͬڣŲӲӺϼצʮ񣬻̽ͷһ̶Сɫ۾ɴһۡ
һۣ˲˲һֻһ⣬ֱ͸ĵףɲǼ䣬ͽӲסˣҲãֻôվһ
ٳ֮Ȼֻһֻ񣬵һֻҲлɱ˵ʵͷ˳ɹɱİ벽ڼħҪǿ󣬿µöࡣ
Ⲣ˵ٳ񣬾һȱħߣǴ˵Уֽٳ֮ǻ֮飬³ٻﲻ٣˵֮ʹǴ˵еĽʯٻ֮£϶ʱ䡣
ٻ֮£һɴΪֻٳסȻпɱ޴֮ϣԼ׺Уʮ˸ʵ񳲣˾ףԲС
£ֻԲ䣬Ӧ䡣ϣֻɹ·ϣУɴֻСֻϵĻȻҲлٳ
Ҫģᾪ볲ʳδĳٳ֮һĽٳǻӣɴˣ⡣
ΪУٳ֮ʮֺÿһֻһ꣬綼ȷҲһǵȴڣһֻޱȿ£Ⱥӣǵûˡ
ңֻٳ񣬹ƻûɣδֻЩֵĿ˿ˣƫƫͷ˶ͷϵƺ˼Ϊʲôûмġ
գΪɴûнһĶҲͣͷȥʳڽ񳲵ĳûӴ˾ġࡱ
״ɴæһȻٲҳɣȫطȻΣԾŪκζȴּٶȣѸٵͨƬɫԭ
ֱʱ˲ŲɳɳһһЦɫжǵվҡ


422 
˵˽컹ˣ˶Ǹղţֻٳһʱ棬һٳע⣬˽죬Ľˡ
ãá
ɴͷԶûڲԭ֮УֻԼһڵ㣬ȴɿɼΡ֮ƺֱʸľ޴ľ¡
ʱѸҿ϶Ǵ˵еľˡ
ˣҲ˶Ľٳסٳ񣬿ǶԾסʮ޵ģһԾסز⣬ֳʱҲľ֪һϣ˶Ľٳ񳲣ж಻
ҲҴľ⣬˵ЩٳĴڣϻûֲ֣˭Ҳ֪Ǵӵ죬˵նݣգǧȻСľ֮
Ƭɫԭ֮󣬳ɴǰģһƬɫɽɽһ㣬Ȼһڵͼ֮ϵ֮ء
ƬɽɴУһģطƬ󣬱ղƬȻľһľĺɫƽԭҪͨöࡣ
ҲûʲôϢһ֮󣬾ͳɫɽ֮϶С
;УС޵Χɱʲô̫ǿޣ꣬ٳ֮ǵȿֲĴڣ˺ɾͽ
գһҹʱ֣ԽƬдУ֪ɫɽգڵһˮ޺
ɽۣ˾ͿƬ޴ķ·ɫˮһĺŨˮǵС񣬵׺Уʱд󣬿ɼһ˼
һ˲䣬ɴڼ֮飬㵱ΪǰĪ֮أԶųϴ͸ǵĵͼ֮ΨһһܸǵĿԵϺŵĵַ
ңǴеĿĵ֮һ

ֱӴԽķΧһߣ˰ˡ
Ȼ֪˴ʱߣḡа䣬ڤȴ󲿶ӴԽĽǱߣжԶǲͬһأףȻҵƾˣһЩۼߣӦĸӦһ׷ϴ󲿶ӣ˻ϡ
һ֮ɴԼᶨ־ˣҲ̲סϲ
ϾΣص󷽣ԭһ־ͬϵĶһǰУмѣܹ࣬į
ʱ䣬ǱУͶ·ΪأȻӳȴزĵش˷ӦöԣһԵϺţΨһĻ飬߾ֻ޾ޣ޾δ֪޾Σա
ǲ֪Լߵĵ·ԲԣǰֵǺηǰȫ֮·ͨء
Ļ£ټǿˣҲ᲻Ļţ¼ţҪѰѰ顣ڣڼϤĳܲãƣƣͣһɨա
ߣҲ󲿶ѾԶˡ
һչɽ·ɳ۶һ̣СǰõĽŲҲѵõĴһ˿顣
ɴ״ıӰҲɵһЦ
ףʱ侭ѹǲѰҵѣǲ˳ҵǲգʹӹһͬ׵ıըȴֻһδ֪֮ء
ڣȻվû룬٣ϣ
ϣ
ԣ漴ҲһչͬһֻɫĿȸɿسݶȥķ׷ȥ
һһӰǻ⣬תۣԭʧһʱ֮ڵ˰ıԵ
ĿȥһƬããˣ֮ڣԿټħ֮ͫʹŨ˲ִǧ֮Զܿһ
˲ûзḡа䣬ڤȣ߹ټ˲ġȻҵ磬׷ϴ󲿶ӡ
ڵ޷ʱѡ
ߣ
۲һյƣ֮ܵһ֣漴һ֣ٻһҰľСۣһӣϴͷżһ㣬С۾ͻƺˮȳŰ뼲Ӷȥˮߡ
ɴ״漴ҲӴٻһľСۣ˵Σûãã֮Уʧ

ͬʱٻ֮ǰ׼õۣ׼ԽǰȥѰҴ󲿶ӣ˻ϵʱ
ḡа䣬ڤˣգ˵£ȴڵִ˰ĴԼһ޴ɫɽڡ
ɫɽ壬˵Ŀĵڡް塣
Ȼ˴˵أ
һӽްﷶΧܣͿʼ޾̽ڣʮһˮһ޵ǧһڡ
ȻҲû뵽ǰңΪ˰ȫ֤˳ͻް帽֪˶ɱ
Ϊߴ﷨ġףˣ̽Ϣƾḡа䣬ڤһȺѨСܱɱް嶥Ѱħߣ˳
һУδ֪
ԶԶأɫɽḡа䣬ڤȣȴһ۾¶֮ɫ


423 ĵ
粽ά衣
粽ά裬ĸ֣ؽ˵ḡа䡢ڤڵĴ˵͸ҲΪ
ֱʱǲŷԭΣصĺѪ֣ɽҹĦӣѪƽԭ󡭡ڴʱ˵ؿǺεȰȫεס
ܰɺǼյһԸӳ·;ҲĸԸ
Ȼ䣬ʲôУû
գ˻ֻӲͷƤһһسްķ򿿽
ң֮Уһλִƴɡ˵طḡɡϢḡõʱ򣬷Ǵʱ򣬻ǱȽϰȫġ
ǣһЩʵǿ󣬻һЩӵмȺŲòԶС
Ҳףɡǿ࣬Ҳֻܱ֤ǵްµİȫһ˻ްϣӽħߵʱ򣬵ʱʲôطҲá
ΪɡҲһαѣûеıĳ̶ȡֻҪûͺЩ߽˵ڼˡ
֮ǰȴڣǻһξ룬ȵ˻ްϣɱ򣬵ʱ򣬾ֻǵǿǵǻۣǵʵɱһѪ·ˡ

ḡˣдɡرΪڻ󣬲ŸոյִԵɴˣɾûôˡ
ǿɲûдɡڸսʱ⵽׵ֶΣǿɱɢ
֮УΣأ˵ˣΧ㣬ȺԾˮ棬ں֮ϵɴ𹥻
ʱֳȺһ絶˫չʮ֮һͬһ˻㾭ͻ֮£˲佫ߣΪǸеʳ
ǡ⵶񡱣Ҳֹǡ⵶񡱣֮У˵ϡŹֵ֮࣬һֻֻ֣߹ԣͨࡣ
һ˵󣬼鲼˵ϿգӹЩϡ񣬾ԲС
ɴˣǧ࣬Сʹ˻ܣǲɱؾʮս˸Զһ˵Ĵ֮ǿнḡ֮һ·̡
·̣ûдɡطɴ˵Ŀ顣
˲ͨ·̣ôҪôԭ·أҪôƾֻԶĳΪЩʳòˡ
ô죿
һۣԥһ²⵽ḡаȣʱ֮ǰԼȻѣҲ󲿶ӴʱҲΣȴǵĻϡ
ԣһԥ֮գ˻ͬʱ˵ͷǰСµۣһɫˮͷС

֮ľ룬֮ǰḡа飬ʱٴɴ֡
ңûдɡ˵սȻҲȫ֮ǰ󲿶ӵʮ˿ȣԣһξ룬˵һجΡ

һ
ۣ
һ˻ĲݵĿݵݵϲûפأԭеļֻ̾еͽ壬౻ɴֽ
ʱ˵۱һãȴ;һȺ׷ϰרǽµ۹
ȻɴǧټܣȻȺٶ̫󣬶ز죬գǱȺ轫ֻ۸ǧٿףҲʹˡ
ˣӱܵϣδվ
ϰ֮ʱһȺ裬ƺ֪Ҫ׷һ׷׷˷Ĺ
գΪ˳ɹڻɴ룬һˣʮͷΪߴ߼裬ʹ㾡ȫԾܡ
գͷץסˮϣ˲Ϣ佫Ļִķѣȫ£˲Ѫ
ɴ״æӳһ׵Ⱥը֮󣬲ſˣԵ̧ĵ֮ϡ
Ψһҵǣ⵺ûи߽ޣûڣ˴ʱսʮĽ֡
ڣôһˣ˴󲿷ݵսֻԵЩˡ
ؿڵѪȻɴŵֹѪҩ޼£Ѫγҩ̰ӣŵɴæٴηҩΣñ߰ȦȫȾ£ǿֹѪȳ˼Ѫ֮󣬻˹ȥ
ɴӰһʱһƬңȴòǿţҧ֣ˮۿ
ʱʵϰĴڣȥϴΣգҪôһЩϡŹ֮ܸʲôҩģ漰ҩ֪ʶҪһ
ʵʱȻ෬ΣգһֱʮְݣΪߣһ¶¸ңǻۣĬĬչʦ֡
ǣڣһֱչʦ֣Ҳһαȥһƽֻ֪ҩҩԼĵеŮȳ档
Ů˱ʱʾһѣһеնϣҪʱǣҪôױҪôͻһһԼ
ɴǺһ֡
ΪҪػԣֻ˲̶ʱͳȶԼǿڻҺͲ֪룬ϵػǰһʱ򣬲һ
ԣһҪȰֹסһ㣬ˣ粢ûΣգֻҪͲԪ
ǣڶһȫĵطȽȰҾٳȥΪҩֲԪܿٵĻָѹ
ţһأﰲȫأ
һٳϣɴسȥڣһʱ֮ҵһ翿ڵɽ
һЩζСҩ̳ȥ֮˶Ѩ֮Уһ򵥵󷨡
ȻһЩסһʯͷסڣһͷسɽиȥ
ҪȥΪѰҩ
Ȼ֮ǰĵҩ٣ǣһʱգٶҩҲʹõòˡ
ƽĵҩ˵ƣЧԣΪ˿ָ˲Σգֻɽ
һƽŮӣѪսϴУڽüǿѧ졣
ԼļػػţԼΣǰ棬ѰȫԼʦ֡
Ҳʱ˿̣ʦ֣֡Ѿ֮ˣУԼ׸磬Ҳûʲôˡ
ԣ
ԣԼҲ
ɴ̤ɽ
ʱ֮Ŵɽзأұ£⴦һƬѪɫֻüͷ΢壬ǺܿӴУȡŵĲҩһϲɫػصɽǰῪʯ˽ȥ
磬Ҳҩˡ
һȥͿ֪ʱȻѾ֪һʯڣԵش


424 ظ
㡭
ֻ˵һֱЩŶԷУǼ𾪣ижһֻоѹأĻѸ顣
֪ԼϵѪɴɣ̧ұЦЦû£ǲһÿ֦ˣϢһ£ҩͻˡ
˵꣬ǰ۲һǰ˿ڣûж񻯣һ
ȥ㰾ҩ˵꣬㼴귺ŵĲҩسɽ֮ȥ
ıӰ۽΢
ոգɴһ˲䣬вҩ֮ζڣŵһɴ̱ǵѪζ
ѪζʮţƺѰѪ£ӵо綾
Ѫζټ伸ѾԶұۣţԷֻǲһö֦ˡ
ʲô֦ܻһλѨڵӵ
뵽ƽʱɴϣֻһɵζ
ζٺϣᵭȴʮֺš
ദôãζܲС
ʱ˿̣ζȴʧҲȫЩѪζס
֮ǰЩʲôǾЩʲôô֮ˣ
üͷ֮Уеǣиж
ֻǣɴΪ£ԵʮĲ촽˶ֹֻͣˡ
ҲգҲֻˡ
ǣ죬˵ֻһ˫۾ŶǵɫٻӰƶƶ

ɽ֮⡣
ɴΣƬ̺һԼ߷Բһ޴ʯǰΨһɻõۣӴͳһϽɫСʯ֮ڳһ󶴡
漴ٴӴȡһЩˮƳɵʯϴɾ֮ٽضڣ漴ڵһѲȼ
ˮУȥ棬ڶһΣԵСĽˡ
ȵˮٴУŽĵĲҩСΣС
һʱ֮ææµµɴŶһСɵ룬ǰ뻨֪ۣŰҩ͵ǰ
磬Ⱥˣƾܺܿˡ
š
ͷûٽ飬ֱӽͷչȥһڽ̵һʹҲں
磬㡭
ɴȻû뵽ͽҩ£ǽгȣʵҪһģȻ޵ԶǳܱȣհɵҩҲûȷġ
û¡
һҩоһҴܣǰ֮ҲһĸооЩ˯
Цһ£ʦְƵҩ̣Ǹ֮µġ
˵꣬ͷһƫȻβסƣһγ˯ȥ
ϤչüͷɴдһֻһУֵõġ

ʱ䣬һֱڻĵ϶ȹ
ȻǰȥѰҴ󲿶ӵϢһֱûãɴ˵ұҲҪԣȻԸʱҲֻĵϴš
ʣµʱ䣬ɴÿȥһΣÿγȥʱż̫ࡣ
ÿλͻһʵĲҩҩºϵƣҲɺõ÷ɿ졣
ɴˣβϣȷʵɵܼ
ټֳһЩɽҰζһЩе͵ȵ̲֮£ʱ߶ָһЩжˡ
һжҲɴһ˳ȥˣζҪͬСɴȻԸֲǽʱ䣬ͬͬ飬ÿɽϻҲջķᡣ
жյʱ֮Уɴƣٺת⵺֮ϵĵˡ
Ѿ뿪ԭɽֱӾסɽһɫ֮˾ڴ˵֮ϣһ죬ʱ͸üǰУѰḡ˵ټˡ
ֻǣºبǰһǣȻ˵ƺõòˣۿǶˣûֲۣɣû취֮һֱɶɡ
ʱڷɶɵȻû⣬ҪٶȣһҪٸĹǾ;Ѱ쵽ˣԣ֮ŪɺС
ǣ˾ľʼ촬
ֻǣҪľҲҪѰңͨľԿиֲ㹥ҪƷϵľһķ
ǣٴɽһߵñȽԶΪǶˣûзָƷʵľľڣҲֻɽ֮
һг̣ľûҵȴɽһʯ󣬷һ޴ظ
ظ˸ֲͬĹ棬ֻƬҶһӤֻƲƵģʷ֣ƾ
ҩǼʶɴˣҲɵôϲΪҩȻȲ֮ǰзֵĳﻯλȴȾݲλƷߵȣֵǳ֮ߡ
Ҫǣ˵ƣӵмǿ֮ЧֻҪǳһСƬ˲ǿҩ֮һ˶׹ǣڷ֮£޵С
˵ƣȻʱ֮УѾõòˣɽ·̣Σյģ˱ǣһ˾Ѿˣٴˣô죬ظһѾͽˡ
ȻǰǣҪظңظܵģľ㼰ʱ£ûѺ׷ɱɻڷ
ԣ棬ȴ̫
ظһպ֮ٴǰУڵĸʱɽ֮һ֡ľǼΪ̵Ʒеľ˽俳£߼ªġۡ漴ٴºḡǰķ׷ȥ


425 ףһ
ްԵػģһߴ壬ų
ֱǷ߲貿ݲѪӥ鲿Լأһ塪ǳ䡣
Уÿһ죬ٶھĴڡ
ټѪǰߵڣ󷽣ϵڣپǾλ
λڣټλھ۷壬ʱҪͻĿֲڣʮλ
ټһЩδ֪ĳعŵǱ޾δΪ֪ڣ󷽣ھڣʮλϡ
ˣ֮ǰ֮꣬һȻΪ֪ʵǷֻǲҲ˵¡
ˣȻҲΪ˸˾޴Ĵۡ

ʮλڣ˫֮һʮֲֿ֡
Ҫ֪ӪУˡ½֮⣬෨ԭܹҲֻоλ
λռһʳʥռһ࣬ʹϻ꣬Ļ಻벽ѣ뷨Զúܡ
ԣ֣ʵԵڼףӪӵеķҲʮֶѡ
Уһλʧ٣֪ǾµġҶɮ෨һλڡ
ԣ۳ֵܳӪڴеķֻоλ
λҪٿ۳һʱʱʹʥʣԳսķֻаλ
λУһˣֻ½ûãʵڶ෨УΪס
ԣˣʮ壬һֲֶԱȣǶһ
ƽ֮䣬һ࣬Ҳ㲻ʲô
ǣҪ֪˷Σ˵һÿһλɵӰ죬ǿֲġ
Ҫ˵λλһ֮ˡ
Ȼ˴Ÿ߲㣬ҲԸ㾡ɵĲǳ
ͨɴḡаЩںеľӢӣǱݾа߳ɵļƻ
ǧǱȺǾףնƻ

ڣḡа䣬ڤǰѣǱ뾭פصĻްԵش
ֻͨްԵشʮ˲ܳɹִްĴħߣ졣
춼ǻ̸ж֮·Ͷǳһٽɱ
ԣĿǰǰ
ȻǳʻֲʮֱӻȥͿˣͨΪˣͨפصĲ䡣
һ壬пˣΪǳηУҲһԲһָ߸ݣפ߷֮һԲ
ḡˣҪģѡףǿƲôһͨͿˡ
Ȼ˵򵥣ѣʹУСһǳ䣬Ҳûô򵥡
ǳ䣬˵һЩǳ֮ɾӵԶž
Щ࣬ȴǳ֮ռ㣬ץס㹥Ѳ
٣Ԥ֮ȴǿɲÿһ꣬ӵһЩصܣУѲĴڣʹҲǽԶ֮
ǳڵġƽǴû޻࣬ҽġ
ѡһйľУḡȴų
漴ѡģ䡣
䣬߲óٶȺǱУʤų
貿ǰٳ½֮ϣḡ˼ȻѾɹ˰貿ûжǣҲų
ݲȺӣڶ࣬ʵҲΪɹۣټ֮ϣḡ˵ԣֻܷ
߲֮Уսһ壬ǻսѪбĻڵһ
ҲҪֱӽų룬ȴְ£ʣ塣
ʣ֮С
Ѫӥɷ֮ϣ죬һ˫ѪӥֻۣҪκһ紵ݶĹ۲֮Ρ
Ȼ忴򵥣Ҳ࣬ǣһ뵽һ䷢֣Ϳķ񹥻⣬һƵĲ塣
ԼսȴٻսǷ֣Լһõѡ񣻵һ֣ḡˣֱߴΧ
ǼʹرѪӥһͷѪӥڵ£˶ұ̫ңգԥãǱḡų
󣬾ֻʣµ鲿ͻ
ʣµһ䣬ҲȽ⣬Ǿǵ鲿
鲿սȴΨһһӵ
߲֮УԸòԸΪºͣҲΪԻҲ㣬һֱƲ𣬲ȴû˸С塣
ΪҲһѲ
ǣӵСǻۡ
⡰ǻۡȻ鳤壬ǣȴҲͣеˮƽ
壬ǻˮƽȻֵһᣬУȴеһǳȣֻûǵֹ첷֮ܶѡ
Ϊ䡰ԡΪ鳤塭ԣ֮Уһ˵ѡ߲֮УսҲôйԵĲ塣
ȻգȴΪ׵ļ˷ˡ
Ǹһ۵㡣
鲿Ȼսǻ۲ͣ壬úܶݽԼս֮Ȼǿڶ࣬Ҹֶιʤ
߲֮УȻսеһĲ壬ȴıڿʤһ塣
˵ʮˣпܳɹһǻ
ȻҪ˵пȫûһҲ
ԥãվͶƱḡа䣬ڤ׿Ⱥ˾ߵȣѡ˻Ʊ˾ȲѣǣȻѾ˾Ҳ޷ԣֻд
Ȼǰڸ߲ɳ쵼֧СӵģǣȻ֮ΪԱͱ˵
Ȼƽʱʱ򣬿Ըһ˾Ҳܸˡ
Ҳˣ鲿Ȼָӵʵ̫ǿ
ֻҪһֱİΧȦ˵ʵֶΣڲֱڼ£вСĻᣬӳΧȦɹִħߡ
£Ҳԥ漴ḡĴ£رɡ֮˵ҹɫǱϷ
߲֮һפ֮ء

ḡѾ˻ް壬ɴˣǰ֮мǰС
˷֣սͰ뵽жΣԵΣգȫͬնġ
ǰ֮һ·̣Եģ಻һЩи߽ڡ
˰жΣ߽ǳȺĴڣǶǲһЩ벽ڣΪѲ
ûڣû˸Ҵ֤ϾѾڻްΧˡ
ߴ죬ʱѲǱ֮⣬ҲһʱȤΧһϣһֵͬɴˣֻ¾ԲһͷڵĶ֡

һ졣
ްһ·̣һĵ֮⡣
Ȼƽգ˲
޴˻׸߿գͷ֮ϣƲ㼱תžֵ죬˸
رأƲγһֲУ֮УһƬϺɫ׵磬Ȼ¡
һͷڶɽ٣
޵Ƚף䣬ڣȵȼ𡭡
ڣһΪ۷֮пܣ׽٣ӶȡԪ۳Լ
һɣҲʹͷޣ׵֮Ҳķ
ֻǣ֮٣ͬ׵ľ磬Ҫﵽ׾
ǣΪǿ󣬶һЩⲿ壬׵֮ܣԲڶͻʱпһЩͽ׵׽١
ͷƵ״ӦòһƷġơ
Ǹǿɫƣֻͷޣ˲Ҫ÷ɻڷˣҪڡ
һͷΪﵽβ
βڻβͣβͳֲһɫг࣬ȣɫ
ϣܲĹɫƬͷΣһȻ죬ʾ
ǺУһʮ׶ǿĴڡ
βپΪһ˳꣬ͻ׾١
ԵԴôЩһļʣ׶ͻڡ
ͷβҪʱ
ĵ֮ϣһУ̽ͷһһŮȻɴˡ
˿źˮ֮УֵǸӰһۣ˶Է۾֮еĻ֮ɫ
֮˵һǱпܳһġ顱ǿΪļƷ


426 ף
飬̺һ˿׵챦飬β֮һ֮ڡ
ңûھҲγ顣
Ȼ飬ָδȫεģмϡٵ£ʿҲмСĿܣõһšδε顱
ɴʱһһͷͻƣͻδͻƵ
Ҫγ飬Ҫͻھ
ǣѾʼɽȴûȫɳɹ֮ʱɱڣͿڳһδɵģҲǡȱ顱
ȻǽȫĲȴ˵飬û˿ֵ
෴ļֵڷϣȻûãѨϵĵ˵ȴ޼֮
Ϊ׵飬һգ԰˴壬ıԺһ˿׵ԣİΪ
ʱйһδѨڳʿһҹ֮䣬Ϊ˲ͻѨڡ
ȻѨʿİСҪͻѨںΣ۷壬ǲܡ
ʹɴһ֣˸һС磬Ӧûûġ
ԣȻܲȣΪĻᣬǰڶɽٵ
Ϊɽ֮֮ʱܳûȫͻƾͽɱջ޴
Ȼܵͻ֮ɱջȻǲֻͬǣԴ˵㣬ɴˣ붼롣
Ϊȫͻˣɴˣڿûһͬף϶ͷβĶ֡
ʹ״̬Ҳһġ
ԣʱԸ·ߣҲҴͷβ⣬һͷΪߴڳڵβɲսʤģٻ׵繥У¡
ȻֻһͷͨɴҲûȤΪֻҪûпʼɽ٣ھͲγɡ顱δεҲһ
ͨʿԣɼֵ飬ɴѨʿԣֵȴǺܴˣȫֵΪðա
ͻΪ֮ʱѰһʮƫƧ˴С
ͷβΪƬأû˸Ҵ룬ŷͻơ
ʿҪĻᣬǧѡɴòˣȻ׷Ź
һۣ˲ͬʱͷ˶Է˼
öԷɽٽδ֮ʣһһҪһ˲߽ͷβķ
ֻڸС۵£ͷβɱȻûͻƣһֻޣھ֮£ܷӳսǾ˵ġ
ɴȻΪͣȻҲԼʵ飬Ȼ۲飬ԣҲҪԼܳܵĴ֮ڲС

˷ڴУСĶعĺ棬¶һ˿ϢΨ־ͷڶɽٵ
¡¡
䣡
žǣ
ֲƣתţֲ׵磬·ֱֱ֮ͨڵͷڶɽٵβϡ
βϣԭһƬ˲䱻ڣѪⷭɢζһŨصѪζ
Ȼȴη壬˷ܡ
̧ͷзϣĴԼֳһƬɫƣ£һ͸ۼγһЩֵĹλס
һδ飬ڻƵ֮£Щ͸ף񲻿һ͸ǧ֮һϢ֮ķѡ
ǣЩףĸɢ־ۣոѣ˲غϣ۳һµĻףͷβϣϣͬһ㽺ʶ״
ֻⶳ״̵ģӵǿķ
Ȼƺܿ콫ɢվסһδΣкȥ˰ٷ֮߰ʮĹٹͷβʱС˺ܶࡣ
ȻʹͷβǿҲܵסôµͷɻ
һʱȥӣӡ
βԽԽңȫ֧飬ǣɫȴԽ˷ܣϵϢҲԽԽӴȫĲ״γĶԱȣǹ졣
ﬣﬡ
ײ飬ֲʺѪֺⷭܿµѪ⡣
𡭡Ȼ췢һХһ͸Ĳ֮һЩرȥ
䣡
ֲأƺȻһ󣬰У֪ͬʱŶӣ˺棬ȫ϶
࣬Ϊǿ󣬺ȻҲﵽɲܵɳȫðڵ̣ò
״ޱȡ
ţ
ɴһȥʱȴͷѾԽԽСԽԽӣӦǵβҪʧˡ
£ͷβϵϢȻﵽޣ벽ڡ


427 ף
ȻϵϢ仯ûֹͣ
ɴУʱͷβǴһʮص״̬֮С
ȣϢڲǿۿҪǿļޣɾڡ
ǣ֮䣬ȴƺһϣڲϵֹ䵽硣
ԣÿϢٰ֮󣬶ͬһ㡱Ȼֹͣһʱ֮󣬾ͼ䡭
Σβϣ仯ˡ
ֻɫƬһƬһƬøϸˣҶһЩڹ⣬ʵԲһˣԴ
ңͷ­֮ϣһɵĸоͷмͷ͹һͳΣԵʮֹ졣
·ʲôҪƤ졣
ı仯β͡
ԭֻβ̲ͣһβ͸ʳࡢȡɫ
ʱߵԶһЩβ֮⣬βͣʻơ϶ɫ
ֻɵβͣԲܸǰᲢֻۣһȭͷСҵľ롣
ʱҲΪֹ̣ͣˣֻ΢΢һСС͹
ˣԿɴһͷ󺹣Ϊ˵Уβޣ֮ʱֻһβ͵ġ
һβͣгʵֻ
ȵ꽥βͻβͣΪβ
βɳһʱڣһ֮ԵͻƳΪڣββ࣬β͡
ˣ֮Ϊβ
βڼˡ
гһգܵõ˵һٽ֮ͻβͣﵽһܴﵽļҲβ
ÿһǼΪֲģһֻ¾Դݻ½壬һʱ˵в
ȻҪһҲȰͱƼ򵥶٣Ȼ䣬޾Ͳǰϡˣޡ
Ȼ֣ԣǱȲͻƵͷ档
һͷڼϣǼټģǰͷβҲֻڳųͻƶѡ
ģҲûô׳ɹ

ɴȻļûмų
ǰͷβȻڲϳβڽֻǣ䣬һٶ˥ߡ
ͷĻԽԽСԽԽСͷβҲɵЩˣ۾зͨĹ֮⡣
ȻֹͻƵĳַ潲ҲҪ׽֮ʹɹͻڣศɵġ
ԣƿûô״ƣβͣҲûȫֻһֻȭͷСôһ룬Ҳ޷
һȫҪﵽԭβ̶ֳȣֻҪӵԭβ̵һ룬еͻڣʵ˾Ҳˡ
̧ͷһ죬ȴ¶ϲɫ
Ҫ׼һΣһͻڵͻƷʵҲһѵģβӣҲ׼á
ֻǣվ۲㣬Ե˲ԡ
ʮλͷƵĹʱһ˿֮ϿգԭǹϺɫƣȻѾֻһС
СƣȻһȻһĻһͻȻֱӱɢɢˡ
ء
β֮ϣָƽ¶֮ɫ۾¶˼ΪԻʧһϵϢȻڼ˥š
վǻûгɹʧˣ
һʧܣǻ˲֪ٵƣģȫڼ絹ˣҲԻص֮ǰ׽ʱ֪״̬
ȻƣϢڼ絹ˣǣĵĲλȴһöںɫӣڲתЩƣȫҲ⡣
Ǿ׽֮ò۳ġֻϧվûгɹ
ʱȥöױ֮ǰɹͻڣöҲµţ⣬»ָɴ
ȻͷβҲкô
ٶôȲͻڸİ
ʱ򣡡
Զĵ֮ϴУɴ۾ȻһۣͬʱӴмɳͷβڷӶȥ
ŴʱϢ׽٣ЩήҲβ֪ʧʱһ֣ǿĹ
һ֣ǽʮϳһɣƺƵռ䣬ֱӳͷβԶԶȥ
ĸֶֹ֮УȻԶ࣬ǣԶ̹ȴֻӰָͼž
ӰָƷϽףʱȻʹó˿ܴﵽƷ½׵ͼž
һ֣ʮһǰ彣һҪǿ౶
ҲΪߣԽҲ飬ǰ붼롣
һؿռ䣬һ˿ذУ΢ӵһƷˡ
ɴҲһ֣һöɫԲ
öɫԲɣײλڣֻͨ͸ȸͷųĹâ
ֻȸĿԣмһϸСĿ϶һöӣԲǷ
Ʒȸ
ɴЯı׵ѾȫþҲ±׵ֱӽͷβը÷ɻʲôҲ棬ȡöʹõȸ黷
һǿر֮˲䷢Хƿռ䣬ٵβϿգٶȾȻķὣ١
ֲѹͷβϢʱ򣬴ʱ˿̣ѾȾɥ̧ͷֲĹͬʱ۾в¶˼ȵķŭ֮ɫ
ء
һ̧ףһĺۣͶ˴ӻĵ֮ϣƿնɴˡ
ſڣ³һ͸Ĳ
֮ǰһס֮һ쳣ǿȻʮǿֶ֮һʱֵɴϹ
һȻ벻սˣǱ뵽֮Уսˡ
Ҳףʱ˿̵սԴƽʱ϶ҪɱС죬ʱԸٵػصϳˣ塣
ƺתҲѰʿĻ
ȻСɴѾõһ
ȻѨڻʿսȴδһѨʿ٣ټϸصֶΣ۷ʱڵβҲЩѣʱͷβ
仹ûǱһ˲䣬ɴȸ黷˲ⱩǣԲȻһתͽͷ͸ȦС
Բġ֨֨зɳͷֵĻȸʳǵȻͷβĹС
Ȼͼž⣬ȴȻһתۣܹͷصػˣҪǱûǱβ֮ϡ
һӽ䱳̳ʮ޴ѪڣɫѪϴȾɱ֮ɫ
һ£βˣ
ء
βУʹУŭˣβͣȻͬʱȻࡢȡɫĹͬʱڰкһȻ£һɣ߷
ɫ֮гֲֳѺۣгֺɫѷ죬ռ䶼Щ˺֮С
Ȼ˿ֲһȴ΢΢һЦǣһڼٷ֮УȻĵһģһӰ
βʱһ۾¶ˡã֮ɫ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǻ۲ˣһȻûϹ飬ԣһʱЩֲ壬ˣӰ
ɫƾˣޱȣֱӺɨӰȻӰֱ黯ʧ٣ȻӰ
ʱһ飬ȴȻѾβϿա
зὣб٣һ֮ǰ󣬸µĽ⣬Ȼֱۣӳ·βͷնȥ

ȵ磬һͷУӦβնͷ­
ۣ
Ѫͷ­ѵβĲʧȥ֧ţ漴Ҳɢȥ
ɴİԲһΪһź⣬ɻɴУ±С֮ϣâࡣ
ԾһսȻղֻǲǣҲʧ٣Ϊۡ
ڽͷβɣɴȻۣǣԶѾͷβʬϻ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ⷬսȻ䣬ٶȺܿ죬͵Ϯǲҵ̫ʱ䣬޵ע⡣
ֱӷصĵ֮ϣȻһߣ̤˶ȥ
֮ͣϲɫؼõջ
ʱͷβ޴ʬѾɴǰ۾ʾ֮ɫ
ͷ­ҲûзŹһʰ𣬴˻ʱ˾Ǵͷ­
ȻβϣҪĶ飬ǣҲ˵طһãвٺöģ˷ѡ


428 ףģ
Ʃ磬ڲͬβͣոɣһֻȭͷСĶβ
Ʃ磬һӲĹɫƬԼβ֮ѪǲɶõƷ
һУУʱһɫĶ̵
̵ˮгӿź⣬ҫ˵üĿ
˵ΪˮһѼƷȻҲǲɶõһˣһá
βƤӲͨ޷иÿƤó˵Ҫõиϵĸϡ֮ԼѰڡ
һѩˮڰһĿĺ컨˲βϡ
ַ죬ɾտжȣˮ䵽βϵһ˲䣬䱳һССķ϶ɵи뵽β֮С
ʱһѪߣ漴еСٵζ֮һƤۼ׵׶ʱ
ȻβʣµģһʺѪ⣬һȻʱ򣬵Ҫʱ
û飬Ϳһˡ
ɴȴͶĿ⣬Ϣһڲԥһתеĳˮʱٴγһ̣̽丹λãһѪڡ
漴̽˽ȥ
տʼʱǵģʧǣ֣һöӲԼ׵֮ƣʱһϲæһ֣öЩ͹Բȡ˳
Բһ֣֪Σûаðȴûа׵ȣΪģմһ˿Ѫ˿βȡģȻһֱȴ顣
һöںɫɫЩҲ⻬ûһ󣬵ȴͬ¶һöӡ
һöδȫε顣
飿
ɴҲ¶ϲ֮ɫյöӡ
տʼʱϿ˿飬ҲģϾǶɽ٣ʱһУҲпܣͷβûнڵʣԸ۲飬Ҳܡ
ȻȻ׽٣ҲͺСǣСҲУˣҲûа취
֮ǰ˵ԼѯʷģҲһֱûʣֱȻβͳö飬һĲ
飬ҲβȻδȫΣЩϧȫεģҲ䵽С
Ȼ̬ã;һѣԼöһͬ׵¡
һͷڼβɴ˾ԲǶ֣ԣܵõδȫΣȴһ˿׵飬Ѿ㡣
ͳһɴ֮ϵǲѪ֮ĨȥȻûȥöǿ󣬶ץʱ䣬βһЩĶȫȡ
һݵѪβ͡
β͵ûʲôÿβУȴһڲͬĽ磬֮ɫ̡
ǵɫͷβ͵ɫľӨ͸ʹ⣬̵ȴɫֻǿ͡
ӦõΪֹǣһ⣬ȴ֣ǾȻ©һƷ
һЩϺɫĹͷոճͣ׹⣬Ȼһöǡ
ǡָ޽ʱĳЩǻõĴ룬ɵӵжܵһǡ
ֹͷʮϡٺֻЩޣھϵϣпܳ֡
û뵽ͷβϣҲһö
öǣǴͷ֮ϣǸɽ֮ʱ͹𣬺ɹͳΣһγɵǡ
˹ǵļֵȻѷ̺һ˿׵飬ǣҲǲɶõıˣңĳַ潲һ
ʹͷųԵĹӵֹʿɣĹ
Ȼ䵽õʦϣһγһöĹرҲһ
֮ͷͷ֮ȡøɾ֮󣬰֡
Уö׹Ǻ֣׺мǧԻʮִĽ׿ռ䣬ϧǰϣֻܳɾڵ̬
ҲûожϧΪˣҲò׹βϺ챦

вȫȡ֮ɴ뿪ԭأѰһƫƧе󷽣ʮֲ۵һСͣ
һʱǰУףǵʵԽİִǵĿĵأް壬Լ׷Ѱϴ󲿶ӵټ
ԣǾŸպõõ⼸ֵ챦ڴ˰Ϊһ£һЩ
ˣ֮·̣Сһϣ


429 ף壩
һʮֵͰɽ壬ܲʲô֣κֻ߽᲻мһ˵ҡͷߡ
ʱɽ֮УһƬУһЩɫ˵̵ľ
УֻҲǶĴڡ
ʱУһ޴İ켬صףһΪĸɲĵУɴ˷ָɫׯ£ԪϣŬ֮
ǰһöںЩŹֵӣɢһ˿˿׵֮ϱս֮С
ÿһ˿Ŀ㲻һ󱬷һž졣
Ȼ󣬵壬˵ļۿɼٶȱ죬֮ȴѸٻָ糣
֮ԭذöںӣ֣ϵ׵֮Ҳɢ˴żٷ֮һӡ
ٶȣ죬˱ܽȫսԼڡ
ˣ˵ΪҲٽһ
ɴľϵ壬ԣȻ棬ǣ洦Ǻܴ
Ͼ׿ľһ̶˵׵ľϵ壬вСĿ֮ܡ
ֻҪõõЩ׵֮ɿԸıһӶ׵ĿԣңһݵΪʵ
ǣȴһ
׵
УǴľǣ׵磬𣬶ģޱȵľ׻
ԣ׻ϵһġ
ǰƷϵһ˿֮ܣ۳ټϾӡĹϵв׷̣֮֮Ӧ֣޴
һһֱüͣ˻
ҾѪ⣬һһָ죬øйԣͬʱҲ֮
֮⣬֮ܣĴ֮ϣʹôҲһ¥һؾߵĿܡ
ԣȻͬʱգյģ˵ǸôɴյģҲһͷ˿˿ϸ
֮䣬ٲʮϵľ롣
õ棬ɴļʮߣɴɱȡ
ʹֻô΢һ˿ɴܻõ棬ǱĻɵá
ܵõĺôҲǱ붼ġ
Ϊ׵ܣʮֺҪ˵ںϽˡ

ʱһһֹȥתۼ䣬֮
Уöںɫ氼͹ƽ֮飬ȻѾСһСʯӴС
ϵ׵֮ܣҲĴ룬ԽԽ
һҵʱȥ
Ȼ䣬һ֮ϣϺ֮ţһ˿˿׵ϵܣ·Ȼҫ¶ѨУһƬ졣
ֻоԼĵƺȻĳޣһƬͬǿգܹԲãعвɶȻһĺ顣
ֱѹ۾ʱȴȻ֣УöѾСʯӰС飬Ҳͬʱľһ˿ܣžһ飬ɢ
ԭأֻһЩļǣͬ绯ʯڵϣȴѾʧȥԣɺͨʯһķˡ
飬ڱչеɴ漴Ҳͬʱһһ쳣ǿ
̽ӣɫ٣ɫࡣ
ǣһ˿ɫȴǰۣ·ϻ֣Ȼ̹١
ǾľϵǣʱЩľϵУȻһ˿׵顣
Ժӵ˿׵ϵʿϵޣҲˡ
ңԺɿһЩϵ֮ܣɾʮֺһľ˫ϵʿ
׻˫ϵ
һЦ֪˶ԷĽԵΪףŵô
˲ûȽ̸Ƕһ֮󣬾عͷȥ۾ĬĬظ֮ı仯֮
ȣĸı䡣
⣬磬ȫ׳һȦɢһɵ׵
ΣΪ
˵ﲿݣѨ׳֮һҵӣѨжΣѨںΡ
ɴѨжΣѨںΡ
Ҫ֪˶ճΪѨûãǰãոջͻƹһΣô̵ʱڣٽһСƿǲġ
ǴһСƿҪ˻£ʱޣпܡ
ڣΪ飬ڽʡһ£ʱ䣬Σ֮أɱеɴ˵Ȼ
Ҫ˵Ϊ飬µģδı仯
ЩǱΪֱǵĺôǿģֻҪʱ֤Լֶѡ
д˽ͲǴ粽Уһ˿Ա֮
ȻΣգܱǰһ˿ϣûеĺá
Ҳɴ֮ǰϧ˷ʱ䣬ڴغͷβȴͻʧʱɱҪԭ
ĿΪı仯漴ȴûͣʶһ˲һ硣
ʶС
ӡѾ˫ͫΪͫʶУԭֻһ߲ڲϾ֮һΡ
֮ǰʶ֮еķӰ
ʱöδγɵ飬˴׵飬һ˿˿ɫ׵磬ʶг֡
ǳ֮󣬾öɫ֮ϣϲƣ֯仯Ѵ
ʹԭҪʮѪ⽻ڣѴܳɾͷɽ֮εĻȻٶԼ˲һ
ۿɼٶȱ仯СسһɫС״
ȻٶȻ࣬ɲǶʱɵģǰҪ꣬ʮǣʮѪ⽻ڣܳɷɽ
ڣʱȻСһҲһ˲Ϳɳɵ飬Ҫʮꡣ
ǰ˽һʱ䣬һǶʮ֮꣬ջȻϲѡ
ڷӰ˺ܸߵĺԭҪȴʱ̫á
ڣ׵飬Ȼ֣һЩ׵֮ܣʱ䣬Դ̡
ٳһö飬Ҳܽʱѹʮ֮ڡ
ö֮࣬ڣ͵õһö͵ķɽҲ˵һ
Ҳףǲܵ顣
ܸպһöϵڣϡ٣βõ
ٵõһöģööڳ˵Ρ
ҲףȻһõǣԼٻĶȴһڡ
ֻҪԼһЩʱ䣬ȥѰңҵ
ԺҲԼеһ
״˵֮дã漴ӹöӰԼ˫֮
˲䣬ŵ紵ͷϿգ֮紵ܸܵı仯
ʪı߸۾ģоϷ
ΪͻƴĺôˣžҲ֮׳һȦ
ϡƺʮ֮ĳһЩҰ޵ɱȻ֣ģȴһƬž
ѨںΡ
۾˫Ŀ֮УһšܸоԼѨ۷壬ҲûжԶľˡ
Ҳһ֮ڣֱͻѨڣҲδûпܡ
ʱóˡ
ǡôʱɴҲ֮ı仯ϵģȻҲǾϲӶࡣһЦ漴ͬʱվ
һģϿֻǱֺɵֱѣͬ޴İ쾣ֱӷ顣
Ӱĵض֮һͬʱһΣΪһһ⣬Ŷƫɳ۶ȥ
һ֮һС֮ϣɴˣͬʱһͳһö͸Ұ׵ӡ
Ӵ˿ȣͬĺ⣬ָͬһ
ǸӦ飬ѾڸλʦǵﷶΧ֮ˡ
һۣɴӴϲ
ȻӦ˷ӦҲ˵ߵķûдľ룬̫Զˡ
֮ڣڽա


430 ް
ʱԶѾ뻢פڷΧḡаˣҪðվһͷ벽ڼڵϽ
ͷ벽ڼǻµľŴ֮һ
ḡʱ䣬Ѿ˲֪ٸ߽ڵϽȻŴɡıɾأβ㱻һЩȽʮָߵ֣Σ
ʮֽ;ȻβҲܿĺ֣ɱûЩ·Ϣͳȥǿƽ
һΪ;УأٶȻ̸϶죬˵ţ಻Ϊ
Ȼֻڻް廢ΧǱС
Ŀǰǰĵһѹأͷ벽ڼ
һԽפص⴦ط˾ͽ뵽˻ް廢פж
פصж򣬰벽ڼ޿ܱúܶ࣬ʱпΣա
һ򣬸ǿͷڼҲǻ졣
Σճ̶ȣֱ
ԣΪȫȻļɲ߿죬ʱǾһʯ飬ҪֱͦǰУƹͷϵ
ƹͷȻ򵥣ǣв򣬰벽ڼȻһͷͷ˵һƣϵľ͸࣬һиδ֪Σա
Ҫǣͷ벽ڼפصĵطͨް֮ϣΨһͨ
ƹ˴ҪɽڣǺķѵʱ֮ãֱͨд˴ʮ
뵽ʱпͻ˶ٸʱȣһʱ֮С
ڴʱȻ䣬ͬʱһ𣬶ɫһ˴Ӵһͨ͸ӡ
Ӵʱ⣬͸ܣָ֮ʱڵĵطĺ֮ڡ
ǸӦ飬ôܣ
Ǵϲ漴ֲ㵡
ӦзӦ˵ǵĶѳִ鵽˸
ǣ֮ǰѾ˼˵ôʱָӦ鵽߸ģ˭
һʱѽ⡣
ܿɲܣִܳ˸Ӧ鵽ģһǵĶɣӦȥӦ
ԣеһӣʱе˵
˿ܻνǶԣʧãǶôѵõĻᣬȻΪС
ǣѾ
еӳɣ˿֮ء
ߣ
ԣŴʦ֡˾ͽмʱһŭɫ̤ǰһ˵Σѵ֪ж棬ҾȻȥӦ
˵Ϊ˶Կ꣬Żǵ档
˵ڣȻпûҳָӦҵȻǻϡ
дɡϢ˼ѡһ·ʲôҲûУֻܿԼֻˣھǴԵȴǵľԮ
ǣȻѵΪƾһˣܹûӵر£ԼԽյİ
ǣԸ⿴ȺУȴ
˾ͽмɫ˵һһ˳Ĭ
ǰΪǰǼˣƴսճһͬͷͬھ˰ȫƽȵģ
ڣӦȻȣһλѣ׷Ѱǵټ
ǿ˵أӾԮȴǵģؽ·һ
ϾǶѾԽһΰν֪Ŀ¡
ûдɡԼڿѾްΧȦУƴɱ³ڡ
ʮ˵Ĵ󲿶Ӷˣǲ֪һλλҴߣҪ˵
ԣǰȥԮӦ֮塣
ֻǡ
еһ뵽ҪԽȥȻٴԽգʹŴɡ챦Σأڵֲòйǡ
ֳһʱĬ
˾ͽм״ɫ΢䣬תͬеļˣҶӦѩ飬̶ڤô˵
Ѿˣǳڵӣӣɴˡ
ȻȻµӣҲڤĪԸԸˣȫԼԸˡ
ԣ˾ͽмһǡ
ȻҪȡ
Ӧѩ飬̶ԥһվ˵
˵ʧأλģܾ֮һȫǣܲȣ֧֣ܲ
󣬳ڵϯӣҶҲվ价һȦǾȻ򲻾ȣˣҾȶˣ
״̬ȣԥˣʱЩ
ǰ²Ѹ߸߹𣬵ŵˣһΣֵأ
ʱ򣬱ˣǲҲǽĮ
뵽ˣ˲һ
ӷ𣡡
ڴʱһĵڤվ˳һš
λʩ²ҪλȫȥֻҪмλ־ԸվִɡȥӦһ¼ɡСɮţԸһ
ߣ˾ͽҲ˺󡣡
ԣ˾ͽмɫǿ˵
̶ӦѩϣҵԸ
ĳԸ
գڵӣһҶ֪ҶͷʾͬС
ʱ˶Ĭˡ
һСУ˾ұʾԸðջȥӦҽӦֶǵĶѡ
ʲôɣԷԡ
ҡУԲ˶ԸԷԣڤ˾ͽмŵӣͷֻ֧ȥӦ༸ԭģҲ֮ı
ȻͬУȴٳԷԡ
֧֣֧֣
գʣ¼ˣֹֻý̻˶
˵ǲ飬ˡ
ȻԾɻ󣬲֪ĵ˭ǷǵĶѡ
Ӧ鲻˵š
֮ǰһʱкޱ仯֮ޣֻڴʱȫ˸Ӧ˵⡣
ܲһйϣʮŶ˹ϡ
ԣֻ˵һ£ǾǣǵĸӦģжѳִˣҵ˸
ȻǱʶУΪⲻ̫ܡ
ۼʶĿֲĬ˵ʱ㤵¼ȷЩ⡣
ʱ˲һȷϾ磬Ȼȼˣˣǳһͬ׳
һͬױը˭ҲûпԭʲôҲû¡
˵ʬƬ½ǣ䣬ȵȣһ˿ƬûУƾմʧһ
Ȼһͬ׵ܿɲҲˡ
䣬һЩر֮࣬Ӳ̶Ƚϸߣʹը٣ҲٻƬ档
ɵʱʲôҲûУȻɣֻܰ˹Ϊһͬըһ˿ʣͬھϡ
Ȼ˵ȥ
ǽ죬еĸӦ䣬Ƶ˻ȥ˵ͳʵ޷̵ء
Ȼ˿̣Ӧ˱仯ĻɣͲϷŴ
նشˣ¶ģǲһ֧ӢСӣִɡȥԮӦˡ
ңǶһѣʣµɵãҲһЩ
ˣԭأֻҪѰһ԰ȫƧڣȴˣ㲢̫Σա
ǰȥԮˣΪСĿСдɡرȫĿԺܴ

棬ǰȥҵǣһоˡ
֮ڤˣֳִɡ뿪˻פ³Ĵɳ۶ȥ
ɡʵǿ֮һˣֿնɡڤϡ
ĵۻ̶ȣḡ֮ϣԳƴһ㲻ḡй֮
һסǣߣʶѴ˴ǵг̣Ͱȫˣݱ巢֡
ʣµˣԭأȴǹ̽һЩϢ
мУٶҲܿ죬У󣬾ڰ֡
ʱɴһȺʳΧ
ոմʵԼǷѰظָǿûܣҲֻʱˡ
ʱڤ˾ͽмȸϵ
˵ӰǴϲڤ˴ɡ֮һӵϣȺɴƴһʱ䣬ܿ콫Ⱥʳ
漴ûٶֻͣԭغ
漴һٴΰ˵ΣŻްķٷء


431 
ȥʱҪѭӦǣѰɾͼ򵥶ˡ
ڤ˾ͽм˴·ټرɡĴڣͨ޸о˵Ĵڡ
ȻйСΣգɴ˻һ·ͨ裬ܿƽִް壬ḡаԼľۺ֮ء
ԼУ֪˶ٱȫ˶ٱ
֮£֣Բᡣ
˾ȣ˸ˣȻҲԵʧ䡣
֮ΪȻߣҶôģʮֺ档
ߣ˾ͽмӦѩ飬̶ЩпʦʦøչĵӣȻˡ
ʧߣȴǾҶڤЩɴȹϵǿһˣȻصĲǵŵӵˡ
ȻȻЩʧ䣬ô¹ӡ
Ҷڤˣ֮Ǻܿ飬ܹжɴӭ
˵ѯʣɴһۣһĪɵ˹ȥ
˵Լֻ˵ǿΪһͬױը˺ĳռѷ죬ǾһŹֵĿռ䣬˼졣
ȵڰˣ󣬾ͱڤ˾ͽм˽ӻء
ԴˣȻš
ֻǣ˲Ըϸ˵Ҳһʱ벻ԭҲֻա
ֻǣɴĹ۸УͱһЩ
ԴˣɴҲΣﻯλ飬ܸϸ˵
£Ȼ˶ЩҲֻˡ
ǣĬĬظԻصԼŶУԵʦʦʺ󣬾;شԭأȺ˵жˡ

βⶼֻһС£ΪĿǰһ⣬˵ǰǽ
ֱӴУƿ
Ϊɴ£ڴ˵ʱ䣬˵ʱ䣬ԽԽˡ
ԣʱȵˣһֻǼ򵥵һλ֮󣬾;ֱͨеļƻ
ں֮ǰͬΪʱ䣬˭Ҳ֪ʲôʷ
һĽ٣ǾڣҲˡ
ԣھðգҲֱͨͷ벽ڼأ޷ˡ
ңҲ˱뾭һο飬Σա
Σգ鶼֮ڣ۷壬벽пѾͻ죬˸ô죿
ֱӵǶ·
Ҳ´˵ȵˡ
ģȻԸ죬вǣĿһµģԣǲѱ΢ϣ컹кܳʱͻ֮ϡ
һ죬һΣա
ˣ򵥵֮ȷ˷ǰѶͷһ£漴ԭ΢ͣ˲ʱ㿪ʼðɽ
ͷ벽ڼǱȥ

ããĺǧϰٵķдУһ裬棬һβϸ߿ա
ǵ㣬
Ȼ룬һƺƲ㻹ߵĺɫɽ壬أ·һ֮ͨ
ɫɽۣ֮һƧϿȣ˳Ļ䡣
ЩɫĻ䣬һḥ̂ߡ
ɫĻ֮УһԶԼѪмƺѪҺζ̶ɲ
ǵѪʳ˻̿ɲļֻ֮һǧ꣬û뾹Ȼ֣һ֣һƬɽȡ
ڳɫɫʯš
ʯŸߴ䣬ɣа޵ͼڣ֣ͬ鸽Уϵÿһ
ʯ֮һ޴ֱͨͨͨصģһʮ־޴۶֮С
ǱѰҵĴеĿĵأӵģҲΣյĵطħߡ
ʱ֮УѪһѪأһ
ĵĳذ֮ϣڷһһ裬ȶϺɫ衣
ʢ𣬻ٴʮɸߡ
һͬ磬ҫѨһƬϺ죬¶졣
Ѫأ룬һֻٵ޴󰵽סĹޡ
ӻԲͬһֻƤ򣬶С۾СҲС
˫֮£һССᣬƣϸȥԲᶨ֮ˣʧС
ʱһѪأľѪĽ££۳һ޴ĺ
֮еľѪֽ£ٸ͸ܣ֮С
ǣѪҺĲע룬һһģһֲϢ͡
ԶʮѻɽĵرҲһ֮УΪһſҺŨ
ЩХţͣһţһ


432 ɽ
ЩҪġ
ǰԼɴһöͨ徧ӨɢƺƾԵƬƺһӵһǡ
ԵȱϣƺǾĳЩδ֪ı仯ѡ
ľӨƬɣζŨأûκλƣҲκװΣͨףâۣͷ·һʮִۡ
ֻ£ȱд벿ݣʣֻԼӤưС
ǣκһ˵һۼƬĵһۣС෴Ŀ϶
ΪֻԶۣܸоϳһصĸоƺһͨأʱ䣬ıؼĳַ

һ죬»£Ƭ֮ϣɢĹΣ֣øҫۡ
ĳһʱ̣Ƭ֮ϣȻ⻪ţƺչ»
ԭϾ͸ӱ棬ȻֳһɫɽӰ
ɽޱӴֻƬ֮¶һǣҲ¶ɣƺضɡ
Ƭ渡ɽӰһɲǣֻӴ󣬹ԲޣǶСС۾Уʱֳ˲ɶƵϲɫ
𡭡
һȻ˲ӿѪеľƶ񻪵ٶȡ
ͬˮһ㳯֮ӿȥΪ֮γ˾
Ŀ̧ͷֱŶѨ֮ϵա
ѨϿգܼļ޸ߴԭӦһâ߲סĶطȡ
ڴʱ۶УǿƬ֮ϸɽӰһɲǣЩâһǣȻɶһ¡
˲䣬ͬ˸ǳȻɶһк¡
·һ裬˲䵽Ѩ֮ף泯ĬĬȴƤ״޶ͷ֮ϣû˽ȥ
һɲ֮䣬Ƥ״޵ۿɼٶһȦֳӰ߲½롣
ؾ·Ҳͬһʱﶯûù裬һ볯ꡣ
̶̵һɲ֮䣬Ƥ״֮ϵϢӴ׳˲ֹһһԸٶȣ
ȻڴʱطƺܵʲôԼȻٴһѹ
ɶâһǣʱһָƽ
߲ʹ©ֲָ֮
£ǿԲƬ֮һ⻪
ϵؾɽӰʧͬûгֹһ㡣

״Ƥ״޹˲һţһһǿҵľ磬һͽԲƬ֮УȻ뵤ﲿλ
̾һ
ڲ࣬ʱܿ¸λãһźڹ⣬ϻʱѾʮ֮˾š
ֻһܳ׻Ϊɫ
ʱ򣬾һ죬ɾҲУﵽ伫ޣǴƼ޵һ߾磬ڣ

ʱ˻ǧ֮ϼʵǡ
ǧڣͷ벽ڼפص
ǧ֮ϣֻһխССݡ
ͨСֱֻԮԱߵǧڣǿӬפĵطҪ˵ЩѨĵˡ
ԣΨһͨҪôֱͨݣͷõ·ͨȨ
Ҫôǧڣ˷Ѵʱ侫
ȻѾȷ˲УȻֱֻͨͷصݣͷһսˡ
ַΧڣʶûзɣʱעϷһж
Ϊ֪ԼԽϣʹдɡڱΣΣҲʱ١
ΣǾͷ벽ڼǺսͷע⡣
ˣҲͰˡ
µʱҲʱ鷳ʹˡ
ԣ˶СĶȻˣΣɲת١

СպˣѾԮݽ֮·̣һ·ҲΣյ·
û⡣
ǵдɡڱ֮ܣϾһͻأش¿ɲͷش˵ص񼡣
̾һƬʯУͷһ֣ͣԭ̾һߣĬĬצԼë
Ȼʱ۽ӵƮƾ̣ȻΪ̲ס۾գգ¶һ˿Ի
ûվ
һԭû
Ȼ˰죬ͷûжٴһƣҪܹͷƮ
Ȼڴʱڸоˡ
ǰȻһٶ𣬶Ƥëըͷһֶ׼ƵķʾԵصһ
𣡡
֣
֪֣޷ˣһ̾Ϣˣ׷״Ʈ
ʮ潣â꣬һʱ빥ͷϡ


433 ·
䣡䣡䣡
ֲľ첻ȶû֣һ־ɱС
ȻԸľ棬ǲûӦԣΪ⣬пֵܳľ档
֮ǰԺоͶԴʱΣϰ˲֪ٱ飬Դʱĳ֣Եòִٺ⡣
ֻǿϧ
˽һ̾Ϣ
ԭŴɡƹͷܹһս
ڿˡ
Ҳֻˡ
ߣ

ͷУԭֻɻ̽Եһͺȴû뵽ƬƣȻб仯
ֻǰȻһɫ֮У͵ƮʮӰ
ЩӰÿһٶȶþˣһ֮䣬͵ǰֲĹ˲佫ΧС
Ϊﵽ벽ڵڴһʱ̣ͷҲ˾ҵľףܵá
оƣഩԽãã޾İǱ뵽صƬͷķŭһʱһ
𡭡
ٴһͺȻǴȻͷ֣Ҳͬ˸֮⡣
̧ǰצֻǰצҲȻָױ쳣ͬĵƬ
ৡ
һצȥצ磬ռͬâ˲䵽һ֮ϡ
飡
һƺߣ˵Ĺ䵽ϣϴһֲѪڡ
Ȼһ̣ĻצҲϡ
£ȻѪ䡣
ķڰ벽ڼͷצ֮£಻籡Ƭ˲ѡ
ĻצϣʮͬǳѪۣѪ֮УеѪ
⻢צȻǴġ
μˣеһԣæͳһѽⶾҩӽУ˳սţвɰ
ãķһ裬ֻһѾˣҲ˵һ
ڣĿɾδˡ
ûǰΪףȻѾһ֣ͷע·
Ȼ
Ȼ֮Уһˣʮʵεǿһ֣ڣҲҪˡ
Ҫ˵ֻͷ벽ڼˡ
͵Ϯ֮£ḡġʥ顱Ⱥϣһԣ㲻ȡ
аƷǹһѩৡһ㴩
צûջأȷһֻ
ȻŭһšҪһŵأǰһ֣׷
ʱ׷ֻһ˾ͼƮ˶ȥܹһ
һ֮ʱա
Ϊһǰˣ¶ţڴʱڤһӡ
ӡɳڰ󣬻һſĴָͷС飬ϣͬж
µĲ֮ء䡣
ûᣡ
״˾ͽма׿ȺҶȵĹһ
˾ͽм쵤ڰ׵ĵҩͬ׺ͷϣһ
֮ʱ󣬽Ѫ
𡭡
¶Ѫ֮ɫ˲ŭ
û뵽ö벽ڼ߹гһգȻҲᱻЩ壬Χ˵һĻ
ſڣһɫƶ䡣
ƶ䲻ƴСȴΪʵ˴ѹ·̲ſµĻ
һ̺Եһ֮ײ
һˣ¶һЩɵһ
ǣΪ׵ļˣȴ˿η壬״һЦӭϡ
񹦣
ɫĴ𣬶ʱͷײƫ˷
׿Ⱥ죬ȻһУҲСǣײֲֿĹ
Ȼֻһˣһٵȷðա
ߣʮڽӦ
Ҷ
һ޹⣬һƬƬݻƵҶ£ƺĳɡ
ܲ˲ϾͿʮȱڡ
һ̣һй
ǧǧն
һȣ۵ϯӣ񵶹ӡа𣬻ðŵ⡣
Щ⣬Եޱ϶ǿ
յеı֮ڰлһֲĻߡ
󣬱̵磬зµ˺֮ǧ٣ڰлΪһ׵ն˿ռ䡣
һ̣һ˻ѱ֮ѾصغͷıһҶն˿նȥ
Ѫһ
۲ʵĹâ漴һΪΪأѪȪһӿȾ˵档
ߣ
ʰĲϣҲϾȥɨս׷¶»Ϲ֮Уǧ֮ϼȥ
Ϊڸղһ˲䣬˵һսɱؾ˸ޡ
˿̣˷Ļ֮ǧڸʾǼȵķŭ
ңһֲϢٻۡ
ڴˣȴģֻΧпͷޡ
ĿǰʵԸ벽ڻУԸĻڣǾЩɵˡ
ǵƾ֮Ըıϣֻ·һ
⣬ȻǲôɵģһУҲ͵ڰ˼ðһա
ˣֻо糷롣
֮УӦ뿪֮ƬʯѸٻ۹Ĵвͬһεİ벽ڣ˵ɫޱء
ǵ˰һ£ֻ²ˡ
ǰģһС·
һСξ룬ǾѰͷӵĶѨħߣռƻ
Ȼһ·ҲΣյһ·
УעиˣҪȥ
˭ܻȥǲǻȫûܲɣܲļ죿һУ˶ûаգֻܾ
ҲΨо
ǰѵ·Ѿʮ֮˾ţֻһ
һܽΣҲΨУѡ
ҲҪɣ»ںޡ
һ㣬Ҳؽʱ̡
˶ûѡٱǸٶȫһǰδеٶȣѸٳŻް֮ȥüֱһ硣
ɫ硣


434 İ
޾һƬ׳ǳ
޾Уĸ߷壬һһֱ֮ͷ
ԶɽǱѩףĿޱߣεΪ׳ۣ֪˶ꡣ
ϿƽһƬεɫĺͺѩ֮䣬ǧٸ߷֮Ȼԣͬϡ
澰ֻҪһۣͲɾĿҡҷ𺳣Ա
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴ˽ȻͬϢڸ߷֮ϣƽ֮⣬ңңš
һһйӽǮĻƽ֮ϣӳ£ǧ
һһλȻĿģĻˣƲ꣬ϱãʮر
ףҪ𣿡
ȻǮУһص
ȽӲħͬڽһֱһɱֻ֮Ҫһ㲻Ĥݣηĸо
һͨˣһ仰£ֻҪڷ
Ȼ䵽߷ֶ֮ĻϣȴûлͷֻǵȻһ̾
¹ӣҲţٴ壬οҪΪƫƫҪΪħ֮߹أ
Ǻǡ
ǮУǵĬƬ̣һЦ䣬ΪΪħ
޵ﲻ飬壬ˣֺйˣҵͬѡ
ô¶ģҪԽԽԶˣдһ˿ƣϵƣȴȻһ
û̸ˡ
ǮУǵҲȥƬ̣һܾ֡аɣ
Ҳ˵ɳȥɢϢЩ̽ӣɾˡ

Ȼˡ
䣬Ȼ䣬ǮУƮһֻ֡
ֻ֣ͻͣмӡһ޴ġ֣ۡ·ƣƾ졣
Ԫһƶֶ
أһ̣֮ҡΡ
ԪôһŲľϧˡ
һ̾Ϣûлͷӳ΢΢һ

һ磬ȻƮӭǰӡŻͻֵۡ͡ľ޴ƣһ̣ĥǮķѣ洫һƺߡ
ףҲŹġ
һƽѪߣ·һֱӽǮд׹棬Ȼʧ١

ڻعͷ¶һ˫Щ˵۾
ɫһ૵һ˫ܣߺ֮ףգǻһ顣ټҲֻвˡ
Ỷ֮ܲܣֻǡ
һת̤գԶȥӰޱ֮

˫Ʒ
Ҷ
һһ⣬˾ͽм࣬һˮһĽ⣬ȻȻһͷ˺Ϊ롣
һµľҶ£еƷȻȻ⻪
Ҷתţܾ£ȻһֻУһɲ֮䣬˳Ƭ

ḡǳЦ˫ֺʮ۾Уȴһ˿ϻá
һͷ벽ڼĻߣֻǶһۣ۾˲Ȼ󱻴Էɹаһǹ˸Դ
ǧ磡
һյյڰһ޴ķ֡
֮Уʮͷ˲ӣ֮Ȼ˲丯ãͬǿݹǣֻǻع鱾ԭ
ħ࣡
һͷͷ۵ľ޴ħճ֣һµ˾ߣ֮ϱģʮֿ¡
ǣʱ˿̣ϵƣȴ쫷ħֻһͷһţһ
˲䣬ͷܲĻ˲ͱУȻ󷢳һĲҽС
ȵħɢЩеĻҲ֮ʧ٣ͬûгֹ
˾ϣѪɫʵһɶʮֲ԰ס
ͼžǧ⣬ͬ˲ͷڣһѪꡣ
Ҫ˵ӦѩķѩԼ׿Ⱥķ񹦵ˣһ赲ǰȫա
е·Ļ˶ɴһսεƣ
ˣ½ǴѪϸˣȻȫȺԼҲ˲ᣬæͳһЩҩ¡
⻢䣬ȻѲֻǻɱһͷ벽ڣȴ׷ɱ
ȻŴɡ֮ܣǴɡϾܡǻأû˭ǶƬϤ
Ϊµ˵Ŀħߣһ·ϣȻû׷Ѱ˵ټǣȴǰеĵ·ϡ
ƽʱһƮǿ϶̫ע⡣
ڣǰ֮ټ㹻ľ裬֪κβﶼп֧ص飬Ȼûô׷Ʈ
ǣһһҹˣ㾭ĴεɱÿζԡѪսƴȫ
Ϊף־ᶨҲЩֲסˡ
ңͷڿɽӰӡ
Ҳյ·̣ǱԵްķ⣬չصǴħˡ

Ϊһϣһڼ˹ʹǰǧѣҲһҪ̤ȥ
Ŀǰǰһѹأǡ
βԸ⣬λرܣڣͷڣҲ⻢죬ڣ衱ĵˡ
ѵһս죬һ֮ǰһս껹ѡ
ϾʱǶ黹ȫģһӵһͬס
ڣƣۣҲֻʣʮˣˣҪһͬףҲֻʣһö
һսͨû֪
֪Լ
߰ɣ
һԭ΢һѪ໢Χ̾һһͷɽ壬˵
ߣ
ḡа䣬ڤȣҲ˵ͷ漴һḡٴο˴ɡһΪƣ嶥Ʈȥ
ܴɡǲ½ܹһرϣ˵жҲ΢ЩͷڵĸʣҲҪСЩ
Ȼ֪Щڶ壬ȴò
ΪڣκһϣĶǶܷοǴɡҪر

ڶգҹ
䣡
һֲĢ֪׷Զزȥˡ
ǸЦŵӰǸָ㽭ɽӰǸߣҵǣܵһӰǸ¥ܶӣŵһӰ
һһͬ׵ըɻ
ߣ
ǿŲᣬǿʹ࣬ḡڤˣɿƹ⴦ըϿȣ˻ްķۡ
ǰɽҰĻ䣬¶ȳ֮ζֻһ۱˲з
Ⱦ޴ɫʯţڳ컨֮ǲԶȻʱȴĺǡ
ʱС
һֻԣԭëĳɫش߳
˿̣̻ңλã޴ѿѪĿĮ
̧ͷˣ۾оǳЦмг֮⡣
û뵽ȻһȺСըˣȻ֮Ҳˡ
ˡģǾȻҴչصʯǰ
һ֪һñժģ˵ͻᱻ̻ʳӽڰԨó
ֻҪһ룬Ͳ䡣
˵Ŀ⣬Ͳɭɲ
ȻҴҵأҵ񣬻ҵƤë
𣡡
죬һ춯صŭ

ͷڡ
ԶŴ̳Ģ߳ͷڣȣ϶¶˾֮ɫ
һ˿ˡ
׷ȡһᣬȼһһͬףͬھ
ǣһͬһȻûƶûжصӣս
ʱеĳ֮⣬˶֪Ҫ˱ˣҵһսĲ⡣
ҹأҲһ㱡ɴ˵
ԡ
֪ɴ֣һͬףܻŻģ̫ټ̫ټͲٷһΡ
ԣ׷һѾˡ
ȴֽбʹ֣漴뵽뿪ʱϵУ뵽ųӣĸ˵Ŀ⣬ȻЩ˵۾ᶨ
ৣৣৡ
˵Ӱһ˲ȺԾ˵ǰ
ǵסһϢǿߣ
񣬼ǵǸ𣡡
˵꣬⼸Ӱ޷˵أͬʱһ񣬲ˣسͷԽԽĻԾȥ
Ƽһ飬ġǡԺÿ


435 ǳһ
ǡ
ɴ˵۾һӾͺˡ
ЩͻȻӰһλռСӳԱ֮һɳƾˡ
ңÿһѾദǰãཻĪ档
ڤ׿Ⱥ˾ͽмСС̶
һλλϤӰŴηĿ⣬ͷڻ裬Ӱһ˿׳
ڤϣȼ˾ҵķ⡣
޾ҵķ⣬ڱ˰ա
ɫׯϣ˫ֺʮ³һ޴
İ׺ɫǽɫӲҫԡ
ÿһ֧֮ϣһӰ
ֻӰһۣһЩȱüĿһ֮еo
֮ķԸ
ȺУ𾪺ȴһ˿ͳһ˿
Ƿ߹֮һ󹦷ϲǵƷϽ׹䡷
󹦷ÿһƷٶǵƷϣķԸеһеĽ֮С
һгڤȼԼΪ
ȫ£ɢǧ⣬ǧһڰγһ޴ķӡ
޴Ӵᣬһĳ޾һ޴ġe֣ڷӰг֡
¡
ؽͬܵĲľȻͬһʱͷȥͷڻ裬۾Ҳ¶֮ɫ
׿Ⱥ˾ͽмСС̶ȵĹҲͬʱ
׿Ⱥġ񹦡˾ͽмġ쵤ССġػ̶ġƽʽȣͬʱȥ
ԭأڰ׵£˷Ͽţӳڻжٶȣ̶Ǳʹֽһγ֣һɾ˻Хֱ֮˺أ
˶ǸŲţУڤײС֮һϺϯӣϾʿ޵һˡ
׿Ⱥߺ֮һ֮⺱ľš
˾ͽмһ˫ܱȵĵ֮Ϊԣ֮ĳɾͲ
ˣȻѷһССҲ¥ʦ㣬̶ͷֻľ
ˣһ벩֣ƺεǿһʱ䣬ʹͷڻ辳߾սˣҲΣ
ǣ˶֪ⲻʱġ
ھڣǿзĸˣѨǿ˲ֹһ
Ƕط򣬶شգʹսǿʹסڻһʱգǱض֮֡
ǰڻһ̣עĽ֡
뵽ˣ˵ģһ
˵ĹԽ˵Խǿƣ˵оԽ
ⶼѳľţգΪǣȫ޷˵˳
ˣֻǳһһ֮֮ң

ߣ
ˣվԭأֵڻڤˣһٴȵ
Ƕڴ˵أҲ޲ֻһѵҪţʧܣͻ¾𣿡
ߣ
ٴһȣڤ׿Ⱥ˾ͽмСС̶ȣƸ֡
ǣ֮ģҲ֮еĵţѸ
ֹʽ͸֧ǵľʵ֧Ų˶á
ߣ
ȻһҧḡҶ˾ߣаȣһ񣬳컨֮ȥ
ӦѩȻԭأһ£а䣬ЦһԭأͽԱˣǵԸǵԸ
˵꣬Ʒǹһ𣬵ŵĺɫ⣬ǹâ˸أһǹͽŵĵѪʳ˻˳촷ۡ
ʩʩȻģǳ컨֮˹ȥ֮еѪʳ˻ȻԾ˿
ҪǺ⡣
ڣӦѩҲ̧ͷһһ䵭ĮϣҲеĶһЩ顣
૵صʦܣǰ·ԶĪǵ񡣡
˵꣬ٲԥһݣΪһźڹ⣬ϡ
ԣҲһҧһŤͷӦѩ飬ݽ

Ϊǰḡаȿ·һ·࣬һֱɡ
ΪЩѪʳ˻Ȼһʼ˹һֲһֱˡ
Χĵλʳ˻ǻһЩͽ׻䣬ĺܣԲűаһǹɨȥôࡣ
ĻУȴ䣬쳣׳һ껨һСͺ
ǰ벽ڣӽڼĴڡ
ħߵһƿϣҲѲƿ֮һΪҪħߣƱҪͨһƬ
ԣа뵽ʱҲ鷳
Ʒǹһǹǹҵ˲𣬾Хףǹһâǣһʱࡣ
ৣ
һͷ߽׻һǹ̴𣬻ڰУ˺Ϊ˷顣
ĻΧ۹һʱ䣬ΧһƬѪɫ
ߣ
˼״ȻҵϽаһע⣬Ա߼

ǰḡ˫ƴһɵϢ
˲䣬ΧһƬȻΪһ֮⣬˲гһӽʯš
ǣ֮һӣûôˡ
һ£һӰŲʷУҪḡͨʳ
ڴʱ޴ƺʳȻ߿һ¾ͽΧС
ɫҪ߶еĹӾŲʷУһ˲䣬ͷ޴ͬʱһЦ¶ڷݣֻһҧ
ǣ
ΪѨкڵףԹ˿µĹʹһߣӣ໹ǱһߵʳҧС
˲䣬һƬװ׵ĳ£ҽжûзһͱһͷʳһУò
콾Сӣһˣ
Ӵ˾ӦѩˣĿѣȻ״˲ʲôøУϾͬһСӡ
ңʱֵ֮ʱʮ˵Ķ飬֮ʱ־ʱѾ䵽ʮˣһ

Ӧѩһϻϻ֮бͭסķѩǺһȻϻлֻһơ
ৣ
ضȻôһ˲һصĽһ£ȻǶʳʹзΪ룬ڷ
ˣ
һ죬һŲʷУӷΪʳڵ׵ʬ壬Ĵ䣬ȴǶ˲䱻׸ˣʲôҲû¡
벽ڼĵλʳ˻Ȼ£䳦ڵĶҺﲻʹԼӲʴĴҲһ
ֻöŲʷУȴһ˿ۺҲޣȴԵʮ죬Щ⡣
ӦѩһһУöŲʷоƾշС
Ҳ࣬ΪҲֽ࣬ӽ˴УٴδϿշ𣬽һơ
һߣһ벽ڼʳãĺŮӣôͻȻһ±ôǿ󣬵һҪԱ߶ȥ
ǣˡ
Ϊ˶ǰ棬ߵÿЩΧУҲϾϸӦѩΨһˡ
ֻеһ⣬ƺһ˲䣬½ʮȣϣȻмƬѩƮ䣬Ϊǻþ
һ̣ͷ벽ڼʳ޴Ļͷβ׹һ˲䱻Ϊ룬ٴڷ
⡭
һ˲侪ӶԲˣضǲ˼顣


436 ǳ
Ӧѩǲ֪ӦѩʵǲϤ
෴Ϊ֪ΪϤ˾ȡ
ǿͷ벽ڼʳһȸеη壬ֻ칤ɽ洫ףһ֮У˲ͱʳʴ
ڣӦѩֻͽͷ벽ڻ
ӦһѨӦеΪ𣿿Ψзˣ
Ӧѩ飬ΪȻʮ֮죬ʱҲѨ۷ңûѨ۷壬Ҫ˵Ƿ
ʹǰ벽뷨֮ǵ֮
ϣǧһ޷ԽƿֻܳΪһİˣԶĿ
˷ĹҲֻһ룬һΣΪǷ֮ޡ
ϣˣһӵƿһѹأҲһѹء
Ƕţ֮ǿһʱԴ򿪷϶һˣӵᣬԽޡ
ǣҲһʱֻȼ˵Ļᡣ
Ӧѩ飬Ȼ츳ΪǣҲû̶ȣ벽ǣҪ˵Ϊˡ
һε֮ᣬʱȻչأȻһνӰ˵ʱ
ԣһġӡûѡ
ʹѡҲһӦѩ飬ΪÿһʱÿһУ䣬ţ
֣Ǻѹһʱ콾ԭӦΪӡģֻ⣬ǰ̤
ֻǣˣȻֻ¼䣬̶ȵģǧһֻƶղ롣
⣬Ƿ֮ѡ
ʱ֮ƾԼɾͷѣϼѣ죡
̿ϣɼ
ȻֻһȴʵʵǧѨʹһ仰
Ҳεһ仰

ӦѩţǺһμſ˵ġ
ͨˣֱӱ콣ԭ֮ΪͽӴֻ֮п֮ʱһ֮Ե
ûͨǣһ⣬ȴǡõ˵Ļ֮ÿУΪ˵ӡ
ͬţȴָ壬Ӵ֮ܳһʱ䣬˶ûм棬޽
ǣ䣬ȴ衣
Ϊģ˭ߵģǲĸϢ
̶ʱ䣬ͻƻԪͻѨŵӰ񣬳ΪŵӣΪӣôĳ츳ˣֱӱ콣̫ݽ
һһ׹ܲĽܲ𺳡
һʱ֮⣬š
ȻˣΪϾޣľ磬ƿĽԳԽƷ
Ͼǿ̫ݽҲǰƷҲʦڸ콣岻֮ضѡ
̫ݽȻǿȴ
ǣʲôʲô
һ˲䣬֮ͻأһµĽ⣬ʲôΪʲô˿£˾𾪣
Ʈϵѩˣ˴ľ䣬һ֣·𾪺ƮĽ⣬Ҳʧ٣˿
ӦѩͷһۣʲôҲû˵һݣѾٴλΪһڹ⣬ɫż۳ȥ
ľľϣĿ䵽Ӧѩ·ؽϻİɫ֮ϣþ޷ع
֮ǰʱһηѩ֣Ҳû˾ޡ
֮ǰѪƽԭϣΣӦѩҲûչֹĽ
ǲ׾ǣĳֲܸ߱˵ܣ
أǲҲԼܣ
紵һ֮ǰ棬ҵսɲͣϢǣף䡣
ֻмһСģЩƣ˼˺ܿԮգ˶ȫɫʯ֮¡
·һƬ䣬ɫĻ꣬õǣͷΪǿİ벽ڣͷļˣḡа䣬˾ߵȷֿ
ټӦѩͷѪʳ˻䣬׻ȫûҲϡ
ƣԺҲٴˡ
¡
аûԥƷǹźâһ˲仯ǧٵǹӰɫʯ֮ϡ
µ˺ʯ֮ϣ޵ͼڶ˹
ǣá
аƷǹεȿ£Ʒ֮һɲǣչ¶ɣټ
飡
գϢӲ̶ȿȽյɫʯţȻһķѿ¶һխİͨ
ߣ
֪һͨչ֮ħߵΨһͨа䣬ḡȣûԥһ̤롣
˾ߣҶаȣϡ
Ӧѩ
̤ͨһ˲ͷңңһۡ
ڤܵĽ⣬Ѿɢ࣬ɫɮ֮ϣѪȻ۾ȴοġ
ų֮Ϊһŵġ˾ͽмڰɫĽѾɢƷȫâȱȱڡ
ǣƮȻվһˣֱͦ
׿Ⱥ̶ССóһѪա
ͷһۣÿһµĳССڻ裬һͷϰգ˲ήңʻ㡣
ǣϣȴû˿ڵı顣
ңǵģ
Ҳᣡ
ৣ
ڣһԥһ̤밵֮ͨУ׷Ѱḡа˵Ӱٵسص۶֮гȥ
ʱһԲ¸ձЩĹ죬ʾһҹؽͬѰ


437 ǳ
ͨխ;ҲչأḡаȵĹ£վоյشԽȥ
գһʮ־޴Ķ֮С
֮һƷĹ֮£Ǵεܷ·һ޴״ֲѪ档
졣
һѪɫֲħУĪɭԵЩǱѰ
ЩܲٵѪУµһѪ֮·˿һ㳯Ͽճ𣬷·ͻȻ˺ë
Ȼ¿ȴ֮ͻȻһͬһ㣬ֻ꣬Ǻɫġ
Щֲ֮ܵУϻ֮һŤЦ·ҲͻȻӵɭɭħ
ܶУֻ״ƤԵЩ̬ɾϵĹޣ֮£ȻڵĻơ
ЩƣһŤһһ۾ͻۻڲ䶯·ʲôҪ
µǶ׳࣬ҺȻ˰֮ɫĻܼһ͹Щ֮ϡ
¸λãöѾȫɫֻһ˿е׵˸ơ
ֻһۣ;öлأڴƲ
һеԭ򣬲ǲעѪ֮еѪأ಻Щƺȼĵر
ǰöͨ徧ӨɢƺƾԵƬ
ľӨƬ֮ǰѹâʾ
Ȼʱ˿̣Ȼ»ָյĹ⻪ƺʲôط߶֮ǰĹʸʢһ֡
öԲƬӨ̽࣬˳Ⱦͬһϵ£ڰУչף財
ͷԲǧԣԲƬ¹䣬һ죬ƾɽӰһγ֣һΣһҪ׳ΰöࡣ
ֱء
۲ܼظߴķٴȻſһ˿
ȻԸٶȲϻָǾһ˿֮ͻڵ˵
ʱ䣬ڣһҪһ̣֮ڴʱ
¡
ͷգܲȻߣ֮̽ͷһ£ڱϵ¡
ͬʱԲƬһκľܣ⻪ɢһڵ˼һխķ϶С
һΣûȥˣΪŵأעͷյ׵硣
ǶССɫ۾¶˷ܣڴнŵɫ
ͷ׵磬˿׵Լڣöȫܿס׽֮׵ȡ
ͻ壬ˣħȸ壬ͬհһ߾磬ѳΪ˴˵Ĵڡڡ
Ҳ֮׳Ƶڡ
֮ϾֻҪٽһܳΪ֮УûܳΪģΨһ

ҹԲ֮ʱ
ҹҲѪ֮ҹ
ҹһ֮Уעڲ֮ͬΪħҹ
ѡڽҹͻҲδûڶħ־ηԼΪ˵еԭ
ҽҹȷһʱѪ֮ŨҲԶͨʱͻĻ

Ƥĺƶӿٵ䶯·ĶѾҪ
ܶϿգƣͬɽһѹ£صϢ
·һ̣ްҪѹ塣
⵱Ȼһް岻ܱѹ壬ǣ¡¡ƣȷʮֿ¡
ɫɫ׵磬·һƬ֣£εΪ׳ۣƾˡ
ƺܶһûм
ģͷ벽ڼβͻھʱ׽٣ʱȣС׼ףֵһᡣ
ˣʱ򣬴ĶѨġ
ʱ龰ʹȰޱҲ֪ܲڸʲô
û뵽ôɣȻպϡ
һҲͻ࣬첻ᵽʱ֮磬ǰֻ̤ˡ
һ˸ϸ룬ֻһ£ͻ᲻оԵľ֡
һͻǵʱȴǵģ޷Ҳ·һ
ȴģȫûһ;
ڸ߲ھԭǳкãǿĽûаУͷӲá
УƾĵͽߣµĽĶԸһͷﵽͨ쳹ؾĿֲ
ʱ򣬹Ҳֻ˾ҷĽ˰ɡ
ãáȻû࣬ûһϣңң
ٵˣھ׽ٵʱΪ˲ʹλͬ׷ѣһսʧ
ϣȫһ
һ̣øɴӦѩ飬ḡаȣһԽµİǧ裬Ѫأ·ŵնɵĴֱܶλõ졣

ܶ룬ͷ״ƤĿֲޣͻƵĽҪͷȻ˹壬¿ʼҲ΢һ
ôܿԽãã޾أͻƵĸģѵЩػ嶼ǳԸɷһûԤ
ڴʱƳȲǼΪѨС޶ʱϣʱ¶м֮ɫһ˿䳰
ĪǣǱߣ֪ҪͻϢϴǸСӣϢй¶һȥҲûʲô
аߡ
ǼϲܶͻһЩСĸţӰ쵽ҵĳɰܡô
ֻСȱ׵ѪʳԭǼ¿ȻˣѪ⾫ʺ壬ٺò

һſڣһϽڵĭĭɵУȻȼһϻնΪ֮ڡ
һĭȼճɰ𣬷ֱɴӦѩ飬ḡȰ˷

һ̣ɫ໹нɾԶɴȣһɫоǻĿ¡
ԲͨչƷ䣬۳ļ𣬾ǸƷ棬пǶ档
Ȼ棬˵ѨǷǿˣҲҪˡ
ɴӦѩѨӣһմϣǻɽ̿ɻ³ûκҡ
⣬ǰ벽Ŀ
һʱ̣ƶû¶ֻһĭ˲ɴȣᵽΣ
硣
ڤ׿Ⱥ˾ͽмСС̶ˣͷڻ裬սҲʱ̡
ССһڻ趥˰֮УһѪ³ʱɣڷ
ͷһۣһٻֹ׷Ҳйϲ˹Ǿ㹻
Ǿúܻŵˣľʰɡ
кΨ޻ڣ
ڶ̶
˿̣Ǳʹֽ֮ϣѿӿݣѺۣһҪ顣
ҲһƷ
ǰŵʱӵƷò֪ŵӾĽ
ţ壬ɲƷ
䵽һЩӵƷƷĵȻˡ
ǣõú˳֡
ƽ̶ƽ̶գ˲֪ƽȫˡ
ûκʹϧɫһƬȻ
оģ֪ʱҵֻ֮䡣˲䣬̶һ֮Уˡž౬
ǣǡ
һעеı֮ϣʱظİ
ǰ̶϶ʹüͷɴʱȫ˲ࡣ
ʹֽ֮ϣһ⣬˲ԽΪ㣬ŽӶȥŤۣͬΡ
ػʽ֮ҹն
ৣ
У⡣
⣬ǵ㣬ͬǳһ̣ϷŴ󣬾Ȼڸͷϵ¡
ԶܶϿݵʧɫ
һֲĽ⣬ƾճ֣ৡһնʹֱֽӶѡ
ⲻϣصնڻϡ
䣡
һֲľ촫ڻʵƤëѰˣڴ˿̣϶һֲѪۣնϡ
𣡡
һɫⲨɫ˲ڵľҡҡ׹̶ϡ
˲䣬þʹһ̶类ػǧ֮һ˲䣬ըΪѪɫƬɢ׷ɡ
еǱʹֽ֮ꡱһѣҲ䡣
ѣ
Уڤ׿Ⱥ˾ͽм˵ľбʹ
ʵǿ˳еѹҲǿվȳСС̶ҪЩ
ɣһɲ֮䣬ʹҲлڤȲµķߣʱۿˡ
ŭĿ
ڤܣһսõģһ̣ȴ·һԡ
һ޴ķӣü絶ƽ˫ƺʮݡ
䣡
Ȼ۾⣬һͷڻ衣


438 ǳģ
üԴȱŭĿ˽ħ
֣쳾㣬˵
Ϲŷ˵䣬Ϊ˶Ȼʱữֲͬࡣ
ƸԴü֮Ӹôȱǲеģʹ͵ֶΣǽŭĿ
࣬һ֣ҲΪ˶㡣
¹УͨΪͣУΪɱʵġ
һʽȴɱԹɱԹ֮ס
һʽڤںŭʩչһʽһ֮ŭĿ
˵ķԸֻǱǽ֮УǱΪ
ôŭĿеĵһɱ֮Уһ֮УҲһС
ټķԸʽѾ̺һľ裬Ʒн׵ˡ
ڤ֮У⣬ƺѿ
Ŀĺ⣬ͷʱȴߴڵڻ裬һݣȻҲоΣ
𣡡
ҵ㣬μˣѿıһɫⲨ¶æӭг̺֮⡣
䣡
Ȼһ֮ǰһ¾ͽ̶ƬɫⲨȴУһ˲顣
Ȼһ̣˽ɵĹ֮Ծɺݺݵ䵽ڻϣ˲佫ǿ÷һͷһԡ
վʱ£ѾѪһϢ
һƤëʱҲƲ졣
ȻȻˣϾδ
һߵڤ߶ʹóʽ֮Уȴһɲ֮䣬·һ֧࣬⣬ѡ
֮У·Ѻۣϱ󣬷һһִɢ֮䣬ع鱾Դ·ɫĹ겻Ʈ
Ȼڤɫȴ֪࣬ڼ΢ЦȻϥ˻֮Ʈȥׯϣ֮һһɢȥ˫ֺʮѡ
ʡ
鳾ʮһУȥȥڷңعء
ʯмĴͬ䳾
¡
ڣڤɢĽԽԽǿңԽԽǿңʣȻȼճһС̫
׿Ⱥ˾ͽм˼״æôеѣ˻˵ʹʱҲӻһʱǻȥųơ
˵꣬˾ͽмһ˦֣жʱɳһ񷽺Уһ۴Сĳɫҩɢ㣬͸⡣
Ȼ뿪֮ǰڸ߲㽻ʮ˵żƷ
⼫ƷԭǷ֣֮;УΣգҲΣĿţѾ˷ʳֻʣ˾ͽмʣһš
ʱۼڤΣԥ־˴˺С
ˡ
ȻۼĻеڤȴ΢ЦҡҡͷûȥӣڰԽƮԽԶ
ʱϣѾǽ⣬屾Ŀ
֪ԼҪںδһ̣΢΢Ц˵ֻʣһ˿Ϊ⽫֮Ʒѣǣдá
λѣأ
ʦټʦͽ
Ըӣ˼䣡
һ仰˵꣬Ȼ䣬ϵĽǿҵޣһ̣ضͬһʱʧɫ
Ȼ󣬡ա䣬Ȼ飬Ϊһɫ£ؼ䣬ͬһʱ䣬˷İ
죬оųɰգܳΪһ֣һλ˵ϯӣֿնɡڤ֮ѡ
ѣ
׿Ⱥ˾ͽмˣĿ࣬һ̣ҲԼϵƣľɱһ
£
䣬Ȼ䣬ع˴磬ۣɾ絶ֱӱȥһƤȻͷڻС
ڻ֮ܣʱˣȻԷȱض¶ʧ֮ɫ
ȼ
У˴ƬĻ棬꣬Ȼŵɫ˿¶ȣһֱ֮С
˾ͽмܣҲܳΪ֮׵Ҫԭ֮һ
ΪСżȻںһƷ𣬡桱һû
ǱżȻԴ˹ĳ۳𣬻Ҫ߳Ʒĸߵȴڡ
˴˻˾ͽм޵Խһǧټ츳ԼŬ޵һУϷƵġ
˿̣׶ֳĵƣɫĻ棬һ˲ͷڻ裬˾ͽмѪԿֲٶȲġ
ͬʱͷڻ裬ҲڱУϵֲʡ
һʱ֮׿Ⱥ˾ͽмأɫϢ䡣
ͷڻ裬Ȼ֮£Ϊһѻҽɢذ׻ҡ
ԭֻһЩͨӣڻڵ
ڵ
Ȼ˭Ҳûȥǿڵ¶ЦΪԶȺĻ˷ӿ
ǻͷ벽ڼ
ƴһɣҲЩΪ˼䡣
һҧ˾ͽмţȥöڤƾ˵ļƷ򿪣룬׿Ⱥһ˷һ롣
Ȼ˻ָһ˿޷˵سŴȺӿȥ
ս𣬲ҺգҲױȺû
Ӵˣٲ桰׿Ⱥ롰˾ͽмӰ
ǣ糵롰ţȴõǵļ䣬ȴ
һЩϣǵţںӵУԡ
һսǧ󣬱ʷ֮ΪҴء

ħУȰһսൽؽʱ̡
پŶ棬Ȱ˷׷ױɫʹܿ
Ȼ澹ȻƺԼ꣬Լת׷˹
״֪Ѿʱ̣ǳǰܣڴһ١
Ϊ׵ḡа䣬˾ߵ˶һۡ
Ȼа俪ڵȻˣʲôóɣ
ḡ״΢΢̾һȻˣǾͿʼɣǸöǼʱˡ
ŲƷ
¡
Ƽ䣬Ȼһö͸Ʊ֮У˿˿˸ƺſֲĿռ֮
˫ָһȻ飬ȻԶġ족ȥ


439 ǳ壩
ŲƷ
ɴӦѩȣԺ֮ˣû˵Ĵڡ
ḡö͸Ʊ״Ʒ֮ʱЩ֡
ḡа䣬˾ߵǰ˵ӣȻ֪֮飬Ԥϡ
ɴӦѩȶһۣаЦ
ʹͬΪһС֮ˣͬΪõĴǲһİ
ҲĶڣһУ̫ˣ·;пܾͻΣա
˵Ϊ˱ܣҲΪ
ڤ׿Ⱥ˾ͽмЩ콾֮ӣ϶Ҳ֪ƷĴڣΪǽں赲ڻ裬ϧ׳Լ
һ㣬ֲʲôˡ
ǽĿḡӳŲƷϣ죬á
Ȼƾڼֻ֮бܽ淢Ŀֲƣ˸һ֮С
˵ϵľԭǳ֮ˡ
£Ҳֻмڰڸ߲˵ˡ
Ҳǣڸ߲㣬ɳһ͵ȵӣһȺֲ
ֻ͸һѴɡһЩ˵ҩʹܵҲû취񣬰ȫع顣

һ˲䣬ص׶Ѩ֮УȻЩĵرȼգɻĻ裬һᣬб
Ѫ֮УѪĪһ˿˿ϰ֮С
ꡢꡭ
洫˾Ѱǿռѡ
һŹֵķУзɳ֮ӲʯһĶѨ棬ʱĵۡ
һջһ֮£Σ֮УӰ˼ãձ˹ȥ
аûôˣд֮һȻûӣҲϣһĿѪۡ
֮һ˹
㡭
аŭĿȻûлӦΪʱı
վĵ棬Ȼͬ췭ظڡ¡ͬʲôҪð췭ѡ
ܵĶѨʯڣͬһʱ뼷ѹĥ̴ʯ飬ͬһʱ䳯ŵ֮¡

״ɴӦѩȣﻹ˵ĩһľУɢӡ
ţ
ԶҲ¶֮ɫǣ
ӦḡǵѾըǰѡ
һ̣һֲ⣬׽֡
ӦʱæҪȴǹȻһɿµطӳ֮
ƾ벽ΪȻһʱҲѡ
ռ䣬ͬһʱѣɫӵѷ֮о𣬿µĿռ֮У˻˻֮һ޹Ƭзɳ𣬳һƮȥ
ɽ̡
״¶֮ɫһ֣Ҫһѽץס
ȻʱĿռ󵽲˼飬ָöƬѾһռѷ֮дԽȥȻ䵽ǰ
״ʶһ֣ץסûзӦʲôʱһ̡
Ȼһɿֲ쫷磬ֱӳΣͬһʱϯѨ֮еÿһˣ졣
һ̣ɿֲķЮǣһͻȻֵ͸޴Ͷȥ
Ӱһ˲䣬˷ԼʲôֶΣӵʲôرʹʲôȻһ̣ʧȥ˶ԼĿơ
һọ́Ҵİˣһ𣬻Ʒȫǵռ֮С
һ̣ԭءһƬѵʯ
ܴ˾䣬ް帽ֲĿռѷĪγɡ
Ϣް塱һƬ¡¡֮УΪƽء
֮УǧУһֱ֮Ϊġʥ塱״ʧ
ϴ߲ûз֮ĵͽ壬н塣
һЩ߽壬ǿʱ˳ȥͷԶԶĻް壬಻һ¶֮ɫɫ̡
еġʥɽˣƺͬеġҲͬʱ̮ˡ
족Ǹ֮Ϊ֮ΪĴڣҲһĪĿռ䲨Ӵʧ
ؽԺڣ⡣

ңԶ֮⣬Լǧ֮أƬ޴Ŀݼƽԭԭ֮Уʱء
ǹµӰڰ֮У泯Զأƺڵȴʲô
Уһ£˫΢ߣؿһöɫºͣһ̺ȵӣ¥¥ѩʱ硱Ŀ˰ΣȻ˵
ûʱ䣬ЩӻûʧܵĻӦþ⼸ˡ
ǰԭУ⼸գɷǴߵŨҲѾ״߷׼ãģǵǹ
Աߣһ׿Ůӣ׷˵
ţ㣬ͬ԰ٻй
ⲻǹͿĨȻһˣǧɡŮ
ֻһ̣
ֻһ̣
ԱߣϢͬӴһΪ󺣣׵ˣͬ˵Ŀ¶ڴ
ˣ
ȻͬʱһΪʱռĪ
Ȼ֮УȻһ޴ɫͬռ䡣
ķϹűϧһڣûʧ


440 ƽ
׼ɡ
ȺУһ£˿˿Ϣת˵ӣɫϾ˵
ĿǣĿݣܻһƬƬɫǿաɫǿղתֳ䣬ͬĳִ塣
˲Ǳˣйһ֮ԵģһպġֽϣڵΪ
⼸˼״ǵ˵ͷһɮ֮һУжʱƽƽɳһֻС
ճʳ죬⣬洫ÿ֪Ƿ
֮⣬һŻɫѪɫeַ̺ԣƺ༫ǲ
ɮûʲôԿ׻ֱȥ˺Уһֵ
¡¡𣬱ϽеķʱܸӦԶȼ𣬻Ϊһȹ⣬ݿնȥʧ
Զ򿪡
֮УֻаŽ飬µ֮Ϲ䣬֮Ʒߣ顣
ϧǣ鲻ȫֻ°ţϰű˷ħ֮ϣǲ׶õġ
ΪԲȫ´֣ҶʦŽ˳ΪζԿһֶΡ
ĻȺ֮Уһ񻣬һϮˮɫȹɴŮӣһԣִӱȡһƳ񲼰򿪡
֮Уһɫͬʱŵ١
͵ϥ𣬽ٺϥͷɫ࣬һԲ˫ʮָ֮£ȴͬԶ˿ռ䲨˫ʮָµĿռ䣬ͬˮ
ϥͷǾɫ٣һ޷죬֮ϣƿ鶼߰˶䡣
飬Ū׺٣д󱦾ڣǴսʤ
״⼸ˣһ۹ȵضŰǰҳ飬ԼˮŮϥϺŵɫ٣Ľʵúܡ
֪һȣΪʥ弶
һƷ´ʹõ
֮ϣ
ѾΪϡ٣ֻлԪϵӣнٻõ
ѨϣѾȽ϶ˣҲֻС¶ȵƷǿ֮
ֻǿлõ
һЩųϣӵƷƷȵı
񱦾߼Ǿ治յˣÿһӵŻأĪܡ
Ϲʱãм
ǧ֮ǰڵڱ߶ȥѹħ֮󣬱߾ѾʧǵҰˣƷα߾Ǽޡ
ȻⲢ˵ھȫûбˣ£ǵġ顱ʱֻȥһ롣
һ룬ڣɿʱȡãΪѹţ֮
£һŵıߣƽʱȻҲѹĵصס
ǣΪ˳׽󻼣ʤ㣬ȡ˳Ϊ˴δɱ֮һ
Ǵ˿̣ˮŮȡĹ٣Ū׺٣Ψһ߼Ʒ
ͶһŪ׺Ʒߡ
Ȼʹص׵ķӡ󣬱ػΪȱһߣòȱ˼֡ʥڣҲʲô顣
˵˴󱦾ѹħֻҪķδ⣬ħԶԴѡ
ԣҲηģԸѩȡŪ׺٣Ϊ˴ǳ۵һԭ

󱦾󷨵αգžԭϿա
һ޴ɫĪ֣ȻԽԽ󣬲תų¿ս䡣
ܵĵ棬ɳʯŨÿӰĺɢ˼֡
ԭУڵص׵ʯʱܼ׷
ԭһ̣ŨȥǵĹâͬǳ
ǳ֮ݺύһһ޴ޱȵĽ
ֱ֮µķ֮ܵնһ󷢲ͬݣѡ
ڣ£˦ԲѵӰһϢԲ·ľ޴ֲޡ
벽ֻһͳ̤ھģ죡
ˣ
״Уߣٿؽˣ֮߳ںϵĶУǰͷƤС
ǣ
츦ʱҡҡͷЩԴѡ
˶մ֮Ūֱ˹ȥȴȻ£ֻЩ¡
貣·һǳһܲܵĽҲһ䡣
漴Ŀ䵽ǰʮϢֲͬӰϣǳ׷ʲô¡
ôܣ
֣
ӦȺУ´֣벽ġҶʦ߶飬˲ɢһŴĿ⣬Ѫɫeַƾճ֣ס
ˣ칤ɽţڵġ칤Ԫڵġֽϡ
ͬΪڵģŮˡȵȣתֳΧ˹ȥ
һսһ
һߣθˮȹɴŮӡѩѡȴԭûж
ʮָϥϵɫ֮ϣĿȴԱߵһɨһۣףǵĵӴ߰ɡǵѾɣڣһоͽǰɡ
á
Աߣһ£Ϣϵϣ״Ⱥзɳûֹ
һУһӣԵİƽƽͳǳΧķΧ֮ڡ
漴Ż뵽ղɵ͵һ̾
ȥʱһСӰھӢʮˣһ룬ֻаҴ棬ԱʣǾˡ
Ǵۣ˴ۣǲŸ׷ѣһս
뵽ˣ׵ᶨսȦ
ֲǹ𣬳ԭһɲȫҵİ׹ڸǣҲ
޵磬ǧңҲҵһսڱ
˴󷨵벽벽ǿߣֳ󱦾ߣֽǳ󺣵ǧѵ£ڣɱһΣ
һս෽棬Ҳûˡ
෴ʮֲء
׵ȣǽ󷽵ʮӢӣֻˣԲѡ
һսУ˴󷨵벽ʧˣֱаɽɽߡǧǿߣԼ´ס֣ơ顱ĵҶʦ
ΧսΧĽѨǿߣ벽ǿߣʮƲ
޵ĺƽ⣬ڵΪһ죬ȥչ˴󷴹
ûͳһͳΪս˼ڣڵʮ֮ʼȥ
һˣڴ˵أ֮ʣˣʼسأԻعš


ʮ弯 ֮


441 
Щ£˵˵ű˹紵ȥҲ
Щ£˵˵ű˴˵ͬʯϣʯãԶشں˵ļУظ
һǧĴսУЩܳΪǰߡ
ЩȴעΪߣǡ

ܱ˶һսΣӾԭͻǵɴӦѩˣڻҹ֮ȫ˹
һѹǾŵʤϢ
ϢȻǱл裬Ŭðûа׷ѡ
漴뵽һսУΪ˶Ϻ󣬸ڤ׿Ⱥ˾ͽмˡ
뵽ֳһͬףڻ裬Աķ׷
뵽µ磬Ȼȵȡ
ȴֲɳĬб
ǰǻ˵ĻţˣȴԶĳƬϣҲز
ʬ壬ҲҲҲˡ
ΨһƾԵǵĶҲֻյ֣ԼĹԡ
ûа׷ѣֵãȻʧôˣڷҲһ֮С
սĻʤҲ˵һսĲң˵ԭ֮ϵսҹֹ
ʹԶǧ֮⣬еˣҲ˾ԭ֮Ϸľײо˴ص𶯡
ºǰȥ鿴ԭĳȣߡ
صĴһӣǧɣֱĩա
ǧΪһսȴ
ӴԺҲûսˡ
ʹһЩʣ壬žһʱ䣬ʣµܽȫɨɾ
ȵܻ꣬ƬһǬعͳ֮¡
⣬Ȼͺûʲôˡ
ǴսĹ˵սϵĹͣʮϡ
ԣֻҪɣòʣµжֵС
һսϢԼΪʲôʱȫ˹ȥԵ۵üһ޵žʢս֮˶Щϧ
ŲƷĿռͨУҲ
벽棬Կ⣬οһЩССѨʿ
ԣȻźҲ޿κΣֻܶӱ˵ĿУȡһЩϢˡ
֪Ҳ꾡ΪһսģٶǸڵи߲㣬⴫Ϣ١
ֻܴǼĶ֮˵ֻᵽ˸ŵķ֣ߣŽλɱ
ЩȲʣҲܲõԸɴöʡ
ֻܵȻȥѯųϲС
ЩȻ֪ʲô£ٻ֪ġ
һǴս˵Ľʱ䣬ӦÿҪˡ
ֹɴˣвһսսˣõ͡
ֻΪ̫࣬к׷жԣʱûר
Ƶ죬Ϣˡ
ڶϢȻһսУЩ֡
ǿߣаɽɽ߷ǧԼƶ飬Ȼ벽ȴҲһĴ֣ҶʦһսʣΪսŸ߲㣬ˣҲɴһ˲
̶һı
ǰȻⷽ棬ĴҲ߯һЩ
һ󷨵ڣһλ벽ʮλѨаھӢʮˣԼĻԪͨӡ
սʤǣԾɲҡһս޵ԪˣҪָҪʮꡣ
⣬һսУͶԴԼֵ̡
Ҫ׻ָûм꣬ܡ
ˣЩҲ๻ıĶ
аɽ±Ȼ˵һı䶯֮⣬ţûܵӰ졣
ˣֻҪȴٻʱ伴ɡ

ʱˮš
תۼ䣬Ѿȥʮ졣
һ죬ȵЩĵǣڵõ˱Ÿ߲ټϢ
˶Щ˷ܡ
ȻЩ죬ҲʱڳУϴսϢ
ڲ¥¥սʤ֧壬ĿƤո޷룬ź
ȵ죬ڵȵһЩ˷ܵϢ
뵽ж֮ǰˣڸ߲׿µĳŵ˶ЩԽ
һѶ֮ǿ֮ߣԲ˵֮󣬸ǺбܱȣԣһжĽ֮ǿҲﵽǰδеĵز
ֻҪʤΣÿ˽ɹǶʮ𣬳ɹʮ
⣬ֻǻ
Խ࣬Խ󣬻͵ɹӣͻưҲǲܡ
ɹֻСͷΪҪģǽĽͣƷƷ䣬˵鵤ƷĿȡ
Щƽǿɼĵر˵ЩССѨӣǰڸ߲㣬ۺ졣
ҪģÿִˣõһȨڵƷһĶȨޡ
ǰΪʦãһνˮ³ĻˣԭΪ
û뵽⻹ûã̶һ֮ڣԼȻֵõһλᣬǵ֮ҡ
Ʒʹֻǵһ㣬Ҳǳ׽ӴĶ
ףݵλʵķԾҲ׷̤һż
һ뵽ˣҲóҹߡ


442 
ƣʯǶʯ߲ʶĿԣ겻ϣϱá
˴Ȼ־Խ֮һǷϣΨһǻҪ߳һľ޴
Ҳǰڸ߲㣬ԼԱڴµĵط
ҹڸ߲㣬ԱڴˣⶨѫҪʮ˵Ľ
ûʮˣǰˡ
ʹʮˣǵĽҲһȱ
Ƕȥߵ𾴣ҲǶǸĲ
ʹǲȡ߾֧ȡû߾ʦ֧ȡ󸴹ңš
֮
ɴӦѩ飬ḡа䣬˾ߣҶаȡһˣħ߹һס
֣аϵŨˡ
ԴϴںѪУԷаħǧħͱЩͬѰ
һΣΪаɽɽڵġߡǧаɽɴ˴ңаɽţڰеĵλҲ䡣
ǣڣʱڣٵһȻ˥ֻǳ¡
ûôףţ꣬ʮ꣬аɽδһܵһ
ԣаڵݣλЩΡ
ԭǷǧ״ӣаɽУпܷܽǧ洫Ϊһη̳ˣаɽɽ֮λġ
ڣΪǧȻ˿Ѹ⣬ɹа̳λ
ǣаǿҲһѨ۷壬벽û
аɽУ̫ϳϣ֪٣Ѩ۷壬벽Ϊ
һѨӣȥ
ʦλƾڵΪѹţû˸ҷҲ顣
ڣǧˣаɽڲȻͲִ
Ͼ˭̳з֮λ̫ˣõҫһ꣬һǧꡣ
ˣаɽڵƣʮ΢ֳ˼ɡ
а䣬Ȼ״󣬷·硣
ˣʱЩƣҲȻӣʹֻǳֶߣò˳
εĽͶҪϾˣͻ벽֮ЮĻᣬҪöࡣ
ȻҲֻǻᣬ˿ϲã⻹δ֪֮ء
⣬ȻаĿǰҪһ

а£޹أȻóʱɫЩãûǰʡ
а䣬֮ĹϵãƵ϶ӡ
аħǧһ£аӦѩ飬ڤˣĽᡣ
ǣڤǿҵķûˣֻӦѩ飬֪аħǧħ顣
ڴ˰˴ϴƵĵڣҲԸˡ
ǣպа䳹ħΪɹУʱȻҪֶΣȥ

аЩˣãϾȻҲһЩŸ߲սȥǹϵӰҲҪСࡣ
ԣڴ˾Ҫõĵڣ˷ܶ
Ψһϧǣ˴УڶڣţȴһսУȫûûһҴ档
ţ£¥
²սӣǵϯӣֿնɡڤԼȥߺ֮һºȻһɥ
ңһβֹʧһλϯô򵥣ǵĴ֣Ҳ˶һ֮УʧΪصһɣԺһаɽͬȡ
˴ΣҲûһµӣܴǰȡ
¥Ҳͬ
¥ãǵд棬ֻǣ¥βӣСС׷ͬȫѡ
¥ԣһ֮٣ͬڣȴľ޴ʹ
ŵӵĽֻܵպǵ壬ųǰȡˡ
Դˣֻñҡ
ΪڤȻ׷ССЩɨϰĵӣڲվ
Ȼƴʱ޵ѴңΣ˰ɡ
ڣȡȺУȴûǡЩ͵ߣȴʤĹʵ
Щǣȴʵ
˵˭˭ֻԹʱҲҲҲ
еˣȡ壬еˣȡ
ҲһѪѡȡУһЩ˳󣬳ɳ꣬Լۡ
˳ɳͻơ
ЩˣضΪ޵Ķԡ
еˣȴһУѡȡ˶䣬ѡӱܣѡ˽
ǵķչ˭Ԥϣ
Ȼͬʱѣǰˣ˭˵һһأ

Ƿʮ㡣
ǳ㣬ʮ֮⣬ԴҪһȵҪµص㡣
ֻ߲Щڸ߲㣬ǿ߲ʸȥ¡˲һЩȻûǸʸѡģʮ㡣
⻹ȣһνǷ;Ǵ۽磬еС
⻬ʯ̳ɵשƣ¡
ܵǽϣ黭һֽб٣£Ȼϸȴܷ֣Щ黭⾳С
Ժõˣ̶һƳ߹֮䣬һ׾ѧһЩ塣
⣬ǾǷ𣬹ȻͬѰ
ܵ鱦飬ڣڵٸ˽ʮ
泣ʱΪͻƣؽ°빦
ϧֻһЩ߲ʸסĵطȶûᡣ
ң꽱֮ҲܿҪҪŸ߲㣬ԻعˣԺҲѻص
ټҲֻãã֪Ƿһлˡ

߽˴֮Уȷ֣˴һˣмʯȻˣӴ˻ûг֡
ҲúôʱҪЩĵĲǡ
Ǹɴһ߳ЩϹ㣬һĴߣʱ䣬úùĦһЩǱϵ黭ʶͼһЩʲô
ЩˣȴмһˣɴߵһߣĿץʱ䣬Ƿеʱ䣬
˻п̬ͬɴӦѩȼ״ȻҲһߵǽڣۿЩ黭
ʱһһֹȥڣ죬Ȼѡ
ŷ֣׷ԲԵߣ֪ʱѾǵЦеؿǡ
ƾǵľ磬ΪЩߣȻһֱŷ֡
ǵˣֻѾȫˡ
Ǹǲɴ󾪣ף⼸ˣطǳˣ϶ǰĸ߲ˡ
ǲһŵǰʩһ񣬴δ֮ϲ²⣬ֱǰݼŵĳϡ


443 
ʮ˵Ĺѫˡ
ûеȰ㣬ҲûйϲǣʵʵڵĽͣʲôҪҪֿˡ
ʮУѾϯӣֿնɡڤԼҴİУ칤ɽϯӣİϻḡѫߡ
һΪڤðգ̽ħֵͨͦڻ裬˵Ǹһ
ԣõһû顣
ḡΪִƴɡ׳ŲƷɹСӣͻǳ֮С
ԣҲǹĪɣڤڶ
ڤḡ֮󣬾һսУͬشãļˡ
ߺ֮һ糵׿ȺŴӡ˾ͽм¥ʦ㡰ССȡ
ģ塣
ʵ水˵ǵĹȻҲܴ󣬵δôߡ
ǣΪǵΪǵ˽Ǳݡ
һжãʱ򣬱ܿǵƷʣ
һϣ˼ӷȸߡ
ңȣҲȥһЩΪȥǶϺĻͣԣҲĬ
ΪаɽϯӣƷ桱а䡣
ʵһҲĴ
ټһΣаɽɽڴɥǶĲǷΣڶһĲ
ԣѾļ֮
Ҵ֮ˣֻΨһһģҲḡ
Դˣ˵ҲͬΪḡ۹ͣȷҪ
󣬵ǵߣڰˣ΢һЩ֮⣬ΪˣȻֱԼŵɴ
ô۹ͣʵΣߵڰˣŲǣΪΣѾʮֿǰˡ
Ľͣȴ˻Ȼ
ںѪУаħǧ˼׷ѰԼصҵټ
ڤа䣬Ӧѩһðս˶ħźħͨУаħǧ
飬ðڸ߲Ϊ֮Ծû뵽м仹ıʡ
ǲ֪аħǧ٣ʵȴǻаϡ
ȻȲᣬҲ޼յʱԣڸ߲㻹ȣֻȥħΪѫм㡣
֮⡭ѪƽԭϣԶϺҲ¶˲ľ
֮Ը߾ݵߣԽ֮ǰΣʵԶ֮ϵ˾ߣҶаˡ
Ҫһ£ȴУ꣬ɴ޷˵Яһͬף꣬ͬھ
ȻգǻŻˣ⸶Ĵۣȴʵʵġ
û˻ɣʱǱűľģҲȷΪǶˡ
ټһΣʧӢӣʧһ콾˾ͽм
ԣӸ濼ǣɴ뱻˵ߣڰˡ
ȻЩ飬뵽ɴֱЯһͬ׳һĻʱǿûĵǺֻóĬ
ߵڰ֮󣬴ֱ仯󣬾ͺŵöˣǰʵ֮зӵۡ
ھŵʮʮһ˾ߣҶа
ʮʮʮĵʮ壬׷Ӧѩ飬̶ס
ʮʮߵʮˣ磬Ȼ

ʮ˸ͬΣȽ׵Ĳͬ
ȣһڤɹһʮڤڣҲûŴˣŴ졣
һʮջԸϡϵʽ£ҲǶסһսһЩ
֮⣬ƷԲ˵ڤһоˡ
գõĶ⽱ǣһƷ֣һöĵ
ͬҲΪ˴졣
˽Ʒ֮аȵӣۺ
Ʒĵټһʮɹ
һֵĽ͡
ƷԲ˵һʮɹܶһĵرҲ׸һöĵ˾ļֵ
ǽϹ񵤣컯֮⣬һܶԺ󱲵ͻƷӵĪĵҩŵĲ֮ܡ
ʹڣƳĵҪټĴۣÿʮֻ꣬һ
֪öҩļֵ
ƽҪȡ˵ҩҪԲ˵
⣬Ҳƶµĵӽ뷨ر;֮һҲ֮ǰÿһεһ븶Ĵ֮һ
ϧ鵤Ĳ̫٣̫ͨӣлС
Ȼĵã˵е컯ȴֲһˡ
ֻϧ컯Ѳ档
Ҫҩﻯλؽ˥ݣʵ̫ˣѾ˸ûлᡣ
컯Ȳ棬ĵΪܰͻƷһָ֮


444 ̣ϣ
Ȼۺ죬ǣӦõõĽ͡
ԣ˶ûʲô顣
ڶ칤ɽϯӡİϻḡõĽʮַ˳Ծ
Ȼûеõĵǣ࣬Ķ
ɹһٶʮƷҹһ̺һ˿ˮϵϹţ诹һ
ɹ֮У˵Ҳ⡣
ֻǣ̺һ˿ˮϵϹţ诹ȴ˲ɳԾ
֪ţƷƷƷĵȼÿƷַΪ¡СϡĽס
ƷϻûеȽףǾͲ֪ˡ
Ʒ䣬ѳΪ˴˵
ǵƷ಻ǴܽӴģʹ˵Ҳûʲô
ǣһţڴС
ЩţϹŴģƷƷƷĵȽǡ
Ϊܣܲǿ󣬻ǿףȴѲʺڵ˵ʣû
ǣ̺һ˿ȴʮ
ЩҲ޵ǣҪģ׷ġ
Ҫɾͷһ鷨ƬǱ֮
õĽݾ֮·һϹű컯һֱҩеһЩطƳɵ۳Ƭ˷¡
ѰһŻ̺Ϲŵ伮򣬳͸Ҳм΢һ˿ᣬɾͷ֮
ԣ诹ȣϹŴûж٣ȻͻƷ֮ϣĵô󣬵ͬϡٵıÿһ䶯
ˣ˲ܲԾܲĽۺ졣
ϧ˶֪һΰڽ·ĳ̶ȣԼڵĵλйء
ӣкܴܣҪͻ֮·Ľ棬ҲͰһЩƽʱܼȴֻĻ£·Ľ
Щĵӣ˵ѫ㲻㹻ֻ¾㹦ѫ㹻ҲòĽ
˲Щɥ
ɥֺܿ
ȻǰܻǿĽʹٲһ·ıӦҲȥŶԡ
ԣǸ۰Ͱ͵׵Ǽλϣȴǵ֡
ڤΪѾˣҲûȡĽֻһ飬֪ȴûó
ḡͬǻش䡣
ԣһΣ׵ĳϣ˳һ̣ͭУһöһ֣һٶʮɹ
һͨڣ㣬м·ɢĹĹֻһ۱ܽ˵Ŀȥ
ƷҹҲһ԰
һһˮɫͨӣЩ¾ɵĹżʮֱҳȴȻУ֮һ
ĽʵĿУḡȻ£֮УȻͷ΢΢һЦ΢صȺС
״ȻٿۣЩҲֻΣٴΰͷǰ׵ļλϡ
糵׿Ⱥ˾ͽмССȡ
ΪǲڣȻ˽죬ֻ߹
ֱٴγеһаɽϯӣƷ桱а䡣
õĽǣɹһ򣬺ؼסһߣδ˵ҩ߲
ɹԲ˵ԼȥһҪıؼһƷĻߣӵʮǿķЧһ㲻Ʒˡ
ƷҲһʱƿ
ؼףǱҪϡٵĴڣֵһЩ۸Ե͵Ʒ֮£ȻҲһʮҪķ
ҪһȻҲǰһ߲
֮䣬ҩֺ죬Ρ
һƷΪҩƷΪҩ
˵ϣƷҩǼޣҲֻкҩҩ棬ǲӵеĶ
ɽڣϧû˵ü
Ʒҩʵ½Ҳû˼ΪƷҩϡٵ˷ָֻҪ컯ζҩ֮֮ϡͿɼһ㡣
ҩͬ
ҩĻ֣ͱЩƣֲȫͬһΪ弶
飬ʥ
˵ڶɡΪ顱֮⣬ơ
ҩÿһȴߵȣҲǴΣ£Уϣδ˵ʹ˵Ʒ֮֡
֮ǰڸ߲͸ļƷƷѪ鼶Ʒҩ
ҩ׷ˣ޵λߵĵͼӣɢá
鼶ǣҲֻƷΪֹ
Ʒʮϡ٣ˡ
˵鵤ĵһ֡
ԣĵһȽףλдδ˵߲Ҳ䣬ʮϡ٣ͨҩ
ֵҩֲĵѪԪ
һڴսˣʧѪ࣬Ԫ𣬶ֲɳϡ
ң֮ʱ̷һҲһ˵ľﵽ״̬Խ޵ķӣõͻƾ硣
Դĳַ˵Ҳһܰͻƾʱʵ鵤ֵɹû

аӹһ͹һöһ˸ǹ⣬ʮԝףԼһСƿ
СƿУ΢ԿɼöСָСĳ鵤ʾǵĲ
Ǵδ˵鵤ˡ


445 ̣У
ӭĽаޱ飬Ʒ߻ԭλҲ֪˿Щʲô
ֵɴˡ
˶Щ˷뼤һ˿΢΢Ľţ֪ʲô˵ڴ档
ûԼõߣڰĺΣǵΪ磬һ˲ĳɼ
ϾҪףУȻֻλеߣڰˡ
Уȴ˵ģ칤ɽаɽڵϯ֮¡
βһҫۣЩ˼ĳɼ


ףһλһ֣漴˼ؿһۣ΢΢һЦ鵹ʮкͰ˵
εĳɼҲʮ֮ãϣٽǰ˵һ죬Ҳ΢һϣͻ֮
һ󣬾ͽ󷨵е澰ˡ
ллϼԡ
Ƥ΢΢һȴ˵ʲôֻùһ˵
ˣϻ˵˵һĽ
һɹʮƷѥһԣϹش깦һ
˵꣬һ֣ƾնһ̡ͭ
УһöḡаһģһİһɫƵѥԼһɫĹš
ԣͷһϲȴ⼸󣬵ԥ̤ǰǰӹٴι׵ĳһ˵лϡ
ˣȥɡ
һ֣Цеص
ǡ
˵ͷûж˵ʲô溬ϲɫػص˶֮С
״࣬һµŵɴ಻΢Ц˵ϲʦ֣дʦֲ֮һʵˡ
Ǻǡ
һЦȴҲϲ֮ɫЦ˵ʦһȥ»֪ʲôｫʹ͸ء˵ҵĻ󣬵ʱҪۺˡ
ôܣߣҲǵڰˣôҲʦֵĻòǡ
ɴЦ˵ǵͷ첽˳ȥ
Ϊʱ׵ĳѾڿʼˡ
ڰŵӣ֡ɴȥʱľֻѨڳΣΪ͵һ벻ҲȡôõΣһƽ
һžῴ˿¶һ˿֮ɫ૽е
漴߳ȺɴĿһתȴǲɴ֮ɫ˵ףôʱ䲻ȻͻѨжΣѨںΣﵽѨ۷֮ˡ
ٶȣȻˣһСʥֻ֡²ʦ֣й֮ˡ
ΪһλŵҲ˵
˵ֱ˽
ɴڰˣһɹʮ򣻶Ʒ׶һߡƷ黨һ䣬ϴ軨
˵꣬һӣҲһ̡ͭ
һöһϼƣԲԼһɫ·ȼһĻ䡣
ʮɹ׶ϴ軨
˴ɴϲæӹ׵ĳϳлһֵϲ飬ţصС
״Ҳæϲ
عһЦأеϲñ飬ƽʱ嵭ƽһ
һĻͷһ壬Ҷаı飬ЩϲЩ
ȻǶɴеͽ׵ӵĴڣȴͷϣһõĽЩĽЩʣԽܡ
ɹԲ˵߰ʮɹܶһ£ܶˡ
ģʵ˺õ
õƷѥһرһ֮
һ΢˵ٶȵĸͨѥܳһٶȣɾǼޡ
ǣﵽɣ󲿷ƷѥѾɡ
õƷѥٶȸǾˣ߳ɡ
һѨӶԣֱǲ˼ٶˣһİ벽
ɷǿߣҲֻӵ˸ѥ֮߳һݣ̫ࡣ
ƷļֵһƷˣ˵þҲΪ
رΪϡ٣Ҫٵö࣬
ȻЩӵңλһߣٶҲͲʲôҪΪˡ
ϧУҲֻǷ΢һɡ
Ҵϻ׸Ӱ˻ãȴмһˡ
ǣҲԻá
Ҫ˵ǸߴƷĸѥˣҾκβʸС
еرۺ죬׬ˡ
ȻҲ״󣬲ģǴһš
깦˼飬
ҲƾⱾܸĵ࣬ǿľӡ֮Ҳ˵
ң𶯹ĻԼʶУڲϼ͵ķӰа
ԣȻҪܲӡ
Ҳѹһ֮󣬾ϲƽǺϣܿϲõıġ
ɴõͬͬѰ
ɹֻͬﵽʮƷ׶һƵҩͬʱҲΪ˵ıֵˡ
ڱ˿ܲʲôɶΪɴԣȴвʲôﶼ
Ʒ黨ϴ軨ͬ


446 ̣£
ϴĹЧֻƷȽ黨ļֵͲԶ
ǣ˻͸ƵŵӣȻﾡã͵ʺеϡ
˰ţ԰ڸ߲ھΣ䱦ϣ¹һ򣬷һ˼ҷ

ܱΣ֮οĽʳ߽֮Ž·ļУֵܿԼ
ǣЩȻҪܱһͬĽʳοĿ⡣
ʹļˣõĽƽɼļƷ
м˴۾̰Ҫռеı֮ء
Ʃ磬˾߳˻ʮɹһƷ֮⣬һֻĸ档
˳³ɺ˿ﲻƣǹѶϣˮˣһ˿˻޸ס˾׸ķˡ
Ȼ˳Ҳ㣬һԷҲǺױĴڡ
ֻҪˣһ
ҶʮɹһƷ֮⣬һϹŴף᰽
˵Ž֮塣
аʮɹһƷ鵤ġԪ׵һصͼף޵
ӦѩǵõʮɹһƷ˿ףһݽͨơ
öƣ˵ҲϹһԼӰֱֳһ
˵һʽʽܲȫˡ

ˣ˵Ľȫ꣬ʼɢȥ
䣬Ҳ˿˶ԷĽ֮Է
Ȼⶼ˽½С
ԷҪ֮̸ҲУ
ҲУɢԸ⽻ġ
һ£ȻǽԴϲõ˷֮صפأڼ֮顣
ңҪǣЩ֮ŵİˣÿ˻һԼڵĵƷᡣ
Ȼֻǵһ⣬Ҳڴ顣
ԣع֮ڣճ̡

ҹУţƻͨ
Уǰ˷һɫͼѥһɫżöͨ徧Өĵҩ
ѥżá
⼸öҩСһԪȡ˾޴ɹ֮Ϊ˸죬õͻΪϧݳһΣɹȥ򵽵һƿʮҩ
һƿŶʮʮҩͻɹһǧɹ
۸ȻΪˡ
Ҫ֪ƽһƿҩҲͼ٣߼ǧɹļ١
Ҫ˵֮޵ˡ
յõһʾ޶ɹͣΪһƿҩͻȥ֮ޣҲеʹ
ֵҩȴֵá
ΪųƷ鼶Ʒҩ֮һ޽ӽ鼶Ʒ
ͻƹذԣֵҩʮˣһԵֵƽǰ¿ޡ
ʮʮ£ӽһʱ䡣
ˣͼϣƾƿҩڶʱڣΪٽһѨںΣͻѨ۷֮
һﵽѨ۷֮ܳԣͻѨڡ
һͻѨڣڣ޵ݣλȫһˣؽþĺô
ϾѨڵӣֻǵӷ롣
һѨڣ۷壬ִ£һӵеȨõĸԶͨѨܱˡ
ԭĽȣͻѨ۷壬ٻҪһ꣬ʱ䡣
һԪȻܽʱ̡
ȻǼջ顣
ԣȻɹЩۣڡ
ƻƣҡҷ
ǽǶɫƳѥڽ£Ƿ߶˼ԶǴСʮţپ⡣
ʱңչ¶㣬ֻպҸ˴ϰˡ
ǱɫżһۣʮѶʱо壬Ҳͽ£ջ봢֮С
˵Ȿŵ򣬲һʱ
ϹŻţôģҪʱȥС
˵Ŀǰ֮Ϊ
ǰãھһˣѨ۷壬ǿߣڲòٵĴǰ̵֮ĸܵԼʵĲ㣬Ա
ңһҪ£һֱڵȥʱ䣬Ҳõˡ
Ϊ㣬Ҫӽٶ߰
뼰˴ȡǰһöһԪһſڽ̷¶ǣ󣬿ʼĿڵĵ
һ죬죬졭
ʱˮһҹʱܿȥ
ߣ¶һ˿ǰס

۾˫׵һƬָ̣
һվ֮׳ǿʢ֪ԼڳѨ۷忿һЦ¶˰ο֮ɫ
ôۣ򵽵һԪȻ
һѾԸо׳ˣ˽ٷ֮һ
һٷ֮һ΢СǣֻһҹĹ͵£ջۣǾʮֿˡ
Ƕ鵤ĺôҲѹ֣ŵӣʹרҵȻɿ졣
ռԴԼԴԴ϶鵤Եʡ
Ȼ˾ƣҲơ
Ǿǣֵҩľ磬ΪʵսϣԼϣԶ޽ϵǿ
ڰ֮УȻԴΪ񣬵սȴŵһ
ָʿ
֣ƽٷõҩֹֻؽʱ̣żһΣõĺôЩõҩʿ󣬶ҸҲСöࡣ
磬ΪЩúܿͻĨȥع
ҲԸ⻨ɹһƿҩԭ

ûȥˡ
ƿţվ¥ǰһԶ⣬˵
ǰûسˡ
һߣһɫװԵЩ忡Ӧѩ飬ͬʱƿ˴ţվԼԶһ
ǶЩӣͬʱңԶĳǻӦ˵
Ӧʦ㣡
״΢΢һ£Ǻܿ챧ȭһЦŵϢûãĳշ֮ǰȥһ˻ᣬһЩճ裬Լ伸Ҫ֮֮ٻȥ֪ʦûȤһͬȥǼȴĻسʱ䣿
Ŷ᣿
ӦѩԣعͷĿЦŴǻĴһֱûмȥǴҴңɹȥǽȥҲá
ԴϲæãʦԴһȥ·
š
ԣӦѩ˵ͷջĿ⣬ңԶ
״æص䣬ʰһ£һµİɫ߳Ӧѩ˵ͷ
˲磬֮ȥһ߲¥ȥ
ģĵصˡ


447 
߳䣬һɫװټ棬Ӧѩ۾΢漴ȥ˵ͷʲôҲû˵
˴λеĵص㣬Ǳ¥
һ·ϣһһڣãԶԶȥһԿŮڽϣȻ˵ע⡣
ƵƵעĿӣͷ̾
ԴˣӦѩȻӣû⡣
ܿ죬ǵģҲ׻ȸĵشһƬԲ
һȽڣǱ¥༴ÿһλٿĵطƽʮ֡
գ¥֮⣬ɽ˺Ħ࣬εΪ׳ۡ
Ӧѩò׼ô¥ʱǰһ
ֻǰ¥ɫĴԵôʮִ¡
ӭչʾٷֳ򣬷ֱҩģԱᣬԼĸ
ҩЩ⡣
Ͱ˱ףһЩеͽر
Ǹķȱţ̺һ˿Ϲŵ伮ؼС
ҩԲ˵ҩ˱ҩܴڣӷƷ鼶Ʒ鼶Ĵδ˵ҩʹ˵ҩҲпܳ֡
Ʒ£ָܽߵĻᣬᱻ֮⣬ڶӣҲϡ
ǾǳЩ鼶ҩǳе鼶ƷƷҩ
ڴδ˵ʹ˵ȾָˣÿһǾۣ֮һ֣ҪͷƤ
˼飬ĵرƷ黨ݣ߽ҩģ޲ϣϡʯӦӦС
ȽԱԼĸ
ԱһȽɫһЩԼ𣬻ȱϹֱȽϡƫŵƷ棬ѡ
пܻһöǮ¼ֵ֮ǿ߶
ȻҲܻʮϰǮۣһУҵ
ԣһĵط

⣬ԱԱڣһĲ±ڡ
췽һż٣߼ıһЩƷرϡϣ߼Լⵤҩ
渲ǺغУԲ²оǺƷֶûһǼ۸ߵá
õǼ٣ǹǼȫֻܿˡʱûˡ
Ϊ֣򿪺֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪ǿһһöǮһƷֵǧ򱶡
Ȼ˵еţԱᣬô³̡
Ķ߼󣬻߼ʲôȫ
ԱȣĸˣҲ߶ࡣ
Ա˿ɽĸֻڴڣʮɹˣʸ룬óĵÿһϡ䱦
ᣬϵĸ߽Ʒʵ⾺ĸϣϧˣһѵŶ룬һ۶С
ΪĿռ䲻ɲ̫ˡ
һЩĵرƷƷ䣬ҩȣעƷֻרеˡ
ڳֻµΧۣ䶯̤ӵ£¾޷У²Ҫ鷳¡

Ӧѩ޶ɹ϶Ҫȥĸһ۵ġ
ĸż棬ЩطҲһЩǼ裬ƷһûУԣǻǾȵ߿
˵Ҫ뾺ĸÿ˱ʮɹõ볡ͨƣʸȥҲ޷޶˶롣
ˣ˳ʼһһع˹ȥ
Ⱦ
濴ŲۣһУ˶ʱͱǰĿԼϡؼףһЩеͽر
űӦӦС
Ӧѩ飬
ӦѩƷѩԶڴ˵ذеһЩҲֻǿ۽磬ûд˼
Ͼ⻻ٸߣҲͳƷ
Ƕǿ϶ֻľĸϲпֵܳĶˣۻζŨ
˴ɹȻ٣ҲǺܹܶ࣬ʮ滨ʮʣµҲʮ
ֻʡŵãȻҪмֵƷ
Ͳͬˡ
һŲ֪Ʒ׵ĽмʽԲɹ˵ŽȽʮ֮ߣҲ
һѨںεĵӣȻһα˵ʵЩˣҸϾ硣
ὣ컻׵ģڻԪʱŻãɾѨԵЩߣӲ
Ҽս֮Уˡ
һֱԣҲûϺõıˣΣ⻻ᣬȴǴȹһı
Ʒ룬Ǽֵ̫ˣȻ߰ʮɹҲô˷ѣ㣬ȻһƷԡ
Ժ󽣷ˣٻƷ

ȻֻƷҲֵ顣
ÿһƷپɹͨ򣬸߼ƷҪ˾
Ʒ׼۾ɹⶥۣʮ⻹ǵ͵ġ
ǼƷƷпҪ϶ʮҲ˵һ
ûпȽףֱƷĹ̨ܿ죬۾ͱɫ˸Ʒ


448 ޹Ľ

ȴ֮Ϊӡ
ٱ֮
Թţߣ彣С
Ÿ彣ͳ˧彣̿彣ӡ֮ˣ彣
ԣŽħŶ˵;ġ
ԹйڽĴ˵ʤ࣬Ҳֳࡣ
ؽὣխ̽ĸԧ콣｣н
ЩˣԼԲľʯΪһƬҶһ仨ΪǵȻѾķ룬ﵽ˵ľ硣
Իûľ磬޷Ϊ
ԣǱ빺һĽƥߵĽΪ
һʵĽǱҪ֮١
ıʣ
ǰĽ̨ƷͲʮģһ
֮һƮ˿ɫͷף˵֮ɸǹ˿ѽ
һƷеҪ۰򣬲ߣҲͣ׷ٶȵˣ϶ѡ֮١
˽᲻ظգ˵˼£ᲢãɸտᣬԻûľ硣
ĽŮӵʺʹãԲ̫ԼѡԷ
ڶѩ׷亮⣬Ტãһ澵ӣɼ
˽СһƷϵҪʮ
пɣǺʺϣٿ

ʮ죬խϸãֻһۣ˾׹Уʶǧ
ʹʶ֮ǿ֮ǿ󣬾Ȼһû֮£ҲУһ񣬲Żعɴ󺧡
ȻһӰ˾Ľ
õ֮һν΢ԲٿأӰս˵ľʶӶʤ֡
˽ΪһƷҪۺȻߴʮ򡣶Ļü裬ϣȻܷӳߵá
д󶯣һ嶯ͽ
ϾԼᶨֻǶһǿԼѹѵģ壬ꡣ
ıСɽɽ֣˵һУأէࡣ
ͬһƷƣǧ˵һȥɽضϺʺؽ֮ˡ
ߣֻֽһۣôȤԹ
һ۾һĸо·ȱ
֮ϣһ޴˺ۣһ;ᣬ˭Ƴһ֮
ɫģӰɣζأ֮һµĺۼҲȱ˰ء
һҲչ̨ΪƷܹشһ
ӦѩԴȣͬʱתͷԱߵĽ֮ͭϿȥԽȴԽǾȡ
ȱ½һƷʧܣ;ը¯ʦ˶ɡ
˽ȴûлȥֻмһѿ˺ۣƷƷȡ
ģؽˡһ֮־ᶨ߲ܼԦ޴󣬿ƷҪۣʮ򣡡
ƷȣԭȻһƷҪ۸ߴʮ򣿡
Ӧѩһۣ˶ԷеĲ˼飬оԼȻĶ
Ʒ˵ƷҲҪʮϣҪ˵ֻʮ
һѹְ۵λá
ʹΪʧܣһƷҲزͨеȼƷɱȵġ
ϾƷ棬Ҳиߵ֣֮֮ǰĻõ֮һνҲʮؽ֮棬ɽ಻ʮ
Ʒļˣߴʮ
ǿһѡȱ½ΪȽװ˽һױȡ
ֻǿһһۣĿҲ޷ƶֱѡ
Ϊһִĸо
ûκθӣޱ֮У˿ٶȼӳɣ޻õӰ죬Ҳûؽ޷棬Ӳľĸо
ƽƽͨͨһѽͺؼ䣬Ӧеһ;ûմһ㷲
Ҫ޹
ɾһѽκװĻһǰֵһᣬûһ˿ֵ
˵Се߶Ϊ
ˣŵõһĽġ
Ĵ⣬һ޹޾Ƿ
ӽһӣȴΪ̫ĸӣ³ˡ
һԱߵĽܣ˲˾ԥͳƣɹˢˣȡ֡
ʮһóȥʮɹһȥķ֮һֻʣʮ
˳ҲõöͨƣӦѩҲһ²ˡ
⻻ϣĳһˣѳһȣǿ԰ɹ⽱ͨƵġ
ƣԴˣҲ˵еȨ
ϾЩ˾ͻЩʲôСܣŮ檣ӵ֮ģȻЩ˿ûʸ񣬵ݲסȥ˲ԸΪǻǮ
ԣѶʮ򣬾õö⵹һ֮ϲ
ʾţӦѩͲ滨ԩǮˣԺĻᣬоĸ󣬻ȡõĶ
Ľܡ
޹Ľ˽ԭһλʦŴƷ˵꣬ǰˣΨ޹Ľԣù佣ܲϽ


449 

֣һ˲ѡԭ
һΨң޹Ľ

֪½࣬һ㣬ŵȥ
ϧ¼䣬࣬һˣֱ򽣵ģȴʵϡٵÿԡ
˵е󽣵УʧѾãûҵõ
ҵõҪϰ󽣵֮Ҳߣһ˶ϰġ
˽Ȼ΢һֻᣬù佣ϵĽ
ǲôƽôͨעļֵ
Ҳûʲô⣬ȴƷԭ
佣ֻˡ
ϣһλʦһľ棬ĵá
ȻȥЩ϶Ҳ֮ɢǣڴ˽ϣܸܵһλʦġ
֮ģž֮ģɱ֮ģ¸֮ģֻ֮ģ֮ġ
֮һڡ
Ҳ˵ִ˽ߣձ˽ĽԼĽġ
гһգʻԵԵпˣԼĽ
ӶһǴʦ֮

ɵǳǳ
ǿ˵ƣǣȴܹ˵ϣȥȥѧϰ
Ҫʱȥ׷ս϶ѡȱ½ٴҲһν
ҪӳԶѡԲڡ
ˣ޹Ľ
һУƮƮƽƣһѧ֮ûκμУͱǧ꣬
ȡ֣մ²ɣĺۼһ˲䣬Ҳ֮ƽĪؾ
һ̣ɽ˺ĻУǴһƧˣľһɽȣª®ڡ
泯ƽֹˮβ

̨ܹϻжĽûٿˣֱӱ޹ĽӦѩ飬߳ŵȥ
иϡƷнףϽףףƷƷҳ
ȻĵƷţûеģҲ϶ھĸаš
ҾǾĸ󣬳ֵƷŵĿԣҲʮ֮С
ʹУҲֻżһЩϹŲоܱͨƷҳҪǿЩҲĵƷš
Ӧѩ鶼ڵٮٮߣڵĶ֮һƷŶǵۡ
ټҪѧڹƷ֮һ
ȻֻĵһҲԱľĸֵܳ߹ǿöࡣ
ҲֻۻһȤ󣬸ûй
ϾͷɹҲޣھͻˣµľĸᣬǾһҲûˡ
ʱٳֺõĶǱؽں
ǻСһεĹģ
߿˵ΪǸһõʱȻᣬʶ෱࣬Ŀӵ
Ϊ屻ռ䲻ѹڣûٷ࣬Ҳֻǳ¡
嶼ûˣս⴦ĵطȻҲͼ档
Ϊǧ䣬ս⴦Ҫս֮أĳǳǣȻ˳ȥ϶һ󲿷ˡ
Ϊһƫǣ½سû̻ȻҲ뿪ع½
ԣ˴Σǳ顣
Ϊԭ򣬿ܵһУķ
ҲΪԭ򣬿һԭʧȥҲûصãλУؽ˶û䡣
Ǿˡ
Դˣˣ󲿷ˣϲ
ΪŰ˴ŵʤӪĴʤǧѵһĺ¡
Ȼǻû䣬ȴ˶ˡ
ԣȥ֮ǰڰڶһЩӢĵӳ֮ǰ
̣꣬ϽץһᣬԼۣղصһЩ⣬Ʒȫ˳
ƽʱ֮ó׵ıÿһ䣬ʮϰٽǧ֮ʢһʱε֮׳ۡ
Ϊǵһᣬ˵
ʱѾμ˳ɵļƷȫڴˡ
ѹ׵ģȫóס
Ҳǿ׼˴һ̻Ժְڵӣ߲ۣͷԣʱɲˡ
һҲΨһһΡ
ЩλŹ
ԣӦѩʱģƽʱֵܾܳϹŵ伮̺иִĹž
мţȽƫţصԼһЩ̺壬¼ʹֻǲȱĹžǵȤȻĶ
ǽŵ»оĸͷϷڵȴǣֻһ̲ס֡
ȻˣҲǴ۽磬оУ֪޵ܶƽʱǾ֪Ķ
Ʃ磬һѪȻԽ˶ݵĻΪޣУʮֹء
һűȼ˵꣬ͷţԹ֣ǿ󣬿ɱ
һˮ˵һҶƼˮ㲻մأʪˮϵ֮ޡ
ǣΪ̫ؾ̫࣬ǸڴľĸᣬһԼʣɹ
뿪˵֮Ӧѩת˵ҩͬǰĿĸϡ鵤ƷϿۡ
Уֳֹ˼ƿ鼶УƷҩֻɹ࣬Ҳһۡ
Ӧѩ飬һֱû֡
ЩҩҲΪԼ׼ģһԪҲҪҩ
ǵͻѨ˵
ЩҩΪټձѩ飬ӣưֵ׼ġ
ҪڣþûȻҲ˺жջ϶ûΪһ֮бҪΪ׼һ
ͫһʦӵеƷֻбԼ࣬Լ٣ͲҪˡ
û뵽ǣ뵽ͼ漴ڵҲνԱᣬձѩá
Լ飬ͫˡ
⻹һ֮ϲ


450 ˮ澫һ
Ѽ棬Ȼһ
һ֣˵Ϊнˡ
뿪֮ʱ˻ԲԪŲϢձѩͻѨ
۵ƷľѨձ۵ƷѨѩǿ۵ĺȻƷѨ
ֻ飬ΣûͻƳɹ
ֱμɳжǰִʱûĺϢ
û뵽ҲɹͻˣȻͻƵģ಻ƷѨպĳɳ̶Ȳ̫ߡ
վһλѨ֡
ͫλһ鷲ˣʵãȴһ
ʦ֮ͱչؿޣһֱûгֹʱ䣬ͽɿ졣
֪Ѿ˻Ԫڸ߶Σ˵ѾҪԪ۷弫ޡ
û뵽²ȻҲɹѨ֮Ϊĸ绹ˣһɲĸо
֣ԼЩ͸ˡ
һ£ȹʽͨؼ򵥣ΪһʦԵЩʲôı䡣
ĳЩطȴԵĸıˡ
ȣʡ
ԭģͨȴԵʮºͶƽգȴִӵһرңϲ
ڣԷϣһ鶯ĸоͷ·ǻ㾦һԡ
ģ򵥣ڲºͣҴȻһֶصС
һ˫۾Ĵԭɫϴա
ڣȴǳ֮࣬ͬܵͫУúͨһ
ϸȴǻ֣ᷢȻɫǰˣȴƺر
ƺֻþˣоǧǳ
ɵø첻ѡ
ף⵽һ˫ͫӣӵкεȵ棿
ףԲһͨͫӣȻ칤ɽֲͫϲͻȻ䣬߿ճ˻ҽ
²⣬֮ΪͽҲΪͫӣڲͬ벻ͬΡ
ڣԼһʱ䲻Ѿȫͬˡ
ȻһλǿߵĽ̵֮£ͫĳСѼսɱɰɺףٲܱͨȡ
سԽֳеĴˣߵһ˭󼰵ľ硣
ҲЩĽʡ
漴Ϊеϲ
ѨںεҲԷΪȻͫʵûԼˣһ졣
Ϊʲôԭ˵زٶ֮죬Ȼ̶ʱھ׷Ϊеϲ
Ȼʷֲ
Ȼӵһλʦӵ֮ԴҲһҪԭ
ЩĽģֻܸ̾ͫˡ

ͫΪƣӦòѨжΡ
ϾȻʹˣվһλǿߣϾʱ̡̫
Ҫ˵ھͳ֮ϣ϶ţҾЩ
ײǶ֮ˣ˰ԣӦ롣
ձѩ˵Ϊһ
ձȻͻѨѾв̵ʱ䣬ԲѨڳΡ
һҲƷͨѨΪձ࣬ʱ䣬ձ硣
ѩλŮӣȻȲͫ΢һ¡
Ϊ۵ƷĺѨ޵磬ǲ͵һֵȼѨˣٶȷɿ졣
ΪѨӺֵʹһŰƷˮϵˮ
Ѩˮãɿ졣
ĿǰҲѾﵽѨںΣɴ˶ˣԶԶĸձ飬պͻѨڣҲǶѵ¡
пܣ׵Ѩڡ
ձ飬һѨڵͷˡ
ʲôĵر߾ķݣҲһִ£ųϵ
ͨ˵ѾܲˣԣҲ̫ߡ
ܳѨѾ֮ϲ
׷ĸһ㣬ܼͨȻ죬ˣҲӦࡣ
и˵ǰ̣˭Ҳ޷˵ʲôԣֻܿԼѡ

֮Ϊ˶ͻѨԭķˮûˡ
֮ǰһֱԳΣһʹˮ飬仹л˽֮
ԴˣһЦҲûƴǣ˹
Һѣʫ˪ȣĹлõģ˵ûʲôãϾһر̺ŷˮĳ塣
պãԺ˵ʲôʱ򣬾õŵĵط
ƩͻƷпҪٴõ
绹Զ붼롣
ԣҲֻһͷ漴һЦ֮
ͬΪҲ׹Ϊʲôˡ
ɹҪһԴмֵ
Ȼձѩã飬ͫãûвμɳжն񣬵ǣȴҲ˺׷ȣӵһɹ
ôãһֱû
ս棬ҲһˣƷУݴ
ֿܶõıﶼ棬Ӧѩд뷨ձѩ飬ͫˣȻҲŹ벻㡣
ԣ˲
һ˲뵽Ȼձѩ飬ͫ˶뵽˵㣬ͬģͬ
֮ǰǷֱḡа䣬Ҷаɴȡ֮ǰͬĸλӣֻҲпܳ֡
ǵɹԽľĸᣬܻŹȻᡣ
ԣ⵹ɶľĴҲڴ


451 ˮ澫
֮ҲѸĵҩַǣ˵һ¸л
ԭû׼ͫģǼȻײҲһݵҩж࣬Ҳһݣı⡣
ȻأģǶоˣ㹻
ңǵģѾˡ
Ĺ֮ʱ֮һ·ڣֱǳΪѨΪŶӡ
һ·ϣӰӡ
˵ûûһнյĳɾͣλͫҲ⡣
ΪûҲֻеһͨŮÿչŲͶæµƽӹݵعһ
ҲͲܻᱻ°ȥȣңףǵһʦͽ֮Ե
Ҳֻ֣С࣬ûڵͫ
ԣ˲ݣλΣĶ飬ΪǶ£˸ϧڡ
ҲŸ߲ӵһԱѨݣӵеԴҲ١
ټԼŬһЩջ֮£ҲԼΪһǿĴڡ
ԣ绹ֻǻԪûʱʱʱҪĽӼãˡ

ưֵȵĵҩϣΪʱûǣû취֪û
²⣬϶ϾԳǸֵӣԲȴ£Կ϶ư֡
ưֻ֣һˣ˵ļʲ
ģֳַ̫УСһֻϣ磬ûϣҲ¡
ټҲ
Ӧѩ飬ձѩ飬ͫˣԱڣתȴžĸĿʼ
ҲģҲһ·ϸµؿ˹ȥ
Աõıɫ¾õķȥĴȻͬкЦ
ԱĹȴʮ֮˳Ծ
ȣǵϣһϵУֳ̯
̯֮ϣһŲϯܰƷ
ƾɵżӵͭ룬ɿݵһĻ٣ڵͭƣ֪ˮʯͷȵȡ
˵ĿӦоС
ϡŹ֣Ŀ࣬ӦӲϾĶϳȵǰ˳Ծ
ȥԱĻ᳡ڣܺѹѹһƬȫ̯λ
̯λǰ˳糱ΧɽĦ࣬ͷ­ɽ
ÿһ̯λǰ٣ΧһСˣЩ̯λ㣬浽װЩʲô
ˣҲɿЦֻխߵһһ˹ȥ
ÿһ̯λǰ̯ܣĳŵھĵرĳϼĴ֮ĳ֮û䵽ͷԽʹó
󣬲ҪžŰˣҪ˰˰ˣֻҪʮˡ
ȻҲ̯Įʾ䵭䣬װˣҲ˳һףǣ̯λǰ㣬ΧһȦˡ
ȿöˣЩʵЦԷǣٳʵٿˣ첽ͨȥ
Ϊǵһ۾ܿóǲЩͨĲҩ
һ̯λǰһΪͨġŮܱǿǡǧסҪ۸ߴʮɹ
һڣͨʯƷһ׺׵״Щۣ͸ҽˮۼ۶ʮǮ
֣һ㡣
ȣҡͷΣƫôϵ
ȻԱϣ϶ҲƷʱײˣУҲûС
ˣˣߡ
һħ֮ͫרƻþܿϵʵ汻ԵƷ
һһԸӵСʯ飬ʳ죬沼ơ
Է˵񵰣ȻһЦתߣ̯Σλʮɹ
ֻһʯͶʱ飬ϣ͸ĴָСʯ
쾧Ʒϣֵƣټֵɹ
ϧ̯ʶʯʱڰЦ
ˮʱӶɳˣأض㣬ڲ
ϧԱĹأһֽǮһֽȫƾ
ȻʣҲΪǮ᳡֮¡
˵ǲѨǿߵĶ֣ǣ⻻ִҲǳصġ
ˣ󶼽޵Ķӡ

һһöɫƣƱ޹⣬⻪棬ȴһڻζ
̯⵱رڶۣһʮɹ£ȴǲɰϲΪһöͨ
岢ҪҪһ˿ͨһգΪ档
һһ滨
ǡѪϴѪѪҺƷмЧ̯ͨĻѪˣҲɹ
ˣҲջȻҲ٣Ҫǣһ񱦵Ȥ
ι䣬ʱƣת˲һʱȥˡ
䡱Ȼһ죬Ա룬֮ǰһֱһ첼סľ޴򣬶ȻĻ¶ĳ
ȶѭȥ漴Գһ
ʮ޴ˮ
ÿ֮УһɫľУľ֮⣬صѪͼڣԾǷʶ̽ķơ
ЩˮʶĿĹâĿ
˳ӿȥ֪Աؽһһ±ڣҪʼˡ
˼״ҲˣĸҲҪʼûʣʱ䣬Ҳȥ׼־ߡ


452 ˮ澫
︽һɽ˺Ĵˡ
˵ʵҲ㼷ȥ
ǻһشȺ֮дִʮ޴ˮ֮ǰ
ǰйۿʮˮ쳣ҫۣʶĿˡ
ĺɫľУţھ޷͸Ŀǲܸ֪ĶԵ쳣¶һ˿ͬ
ԱĻڣ±𣿡
Ӧѩ飬ձѩȡ۾ж¶һ˿Ȥ֮ɫ
Ǻżڸһ𣬴ˮ֮еЩɫľУһ棬пܳ־䱦
νľ䱦ֵЩʲô
Աһڣ±ĹأһڣΪͨ£ݻȼ
ͨ£ˮ֮ǰһֻҪɹܹһľӡ
ЩľӴ򿪣пܻüֵƵıȻҲпһա
ֻһʯͷһľͷһƬժҶ
ݻ£Ȼ
νݻ£Ҳˮ£ԱϣڴҲڸʹһڡ
ݻ£ֻܹʮľУҲΧʮˮ
ľеɫ˺ɫıֵпܳĵرʮ򼶣򼶵Ŀ䡣
ǣӦģҪĺľӣѵĴۣҲܹܵġ
һľӣҪʮɹľȫͬն
˵ҪһκľӣȥһٴľӵĻᡣ
ٴľӣٿҲܻص㱾һСľͻ׬һ㡣
һκľӣп˲⣬ȻҲпܣһ¡
ĶĲݻģͿûˡ
ȻбĲ

ݻҪſʼůģΧͨ¡
ʮˮ֮£վһ΢ЦĳŮ
ǰֱѻͬͬľУԼٵǧȣǶѻɽ
֮ϣͬѪƷסֹʶ̽飬Ʒδֻ֪㹺˲ܴ
ֻҪ㽻ɹȡһ
ܿʲôǵ򿪻ǴٿǶɵԼ˵顣
Ӧѩ飬ձѩˣģһ˻˸ǧɹ˼ʮ˿
ձԼһĿֵһľУд򿪣տҲֻеײڷһöõĻͭǮ
һǮ
ٿڶ棬һĳ壬л΢ֵǮ
Ҳֵɹֱ̣ջص˴С
ֱܲӵͿˣôܻǮЩ
ڶľУһöǮĸľУľС
ľУһ͵ȿʯʯֵԼһǧɹңص
󣬵ߣڰˣھţֱʮȫ
գձһʮľУǧɹöͳʯģһǮֵķ
ŭ񣬲ľеĳŮ̯Ӹˣң֪ﲻΣæס
Ըķ䣬ԱĹء
ÿ⻻μӾģ֪ˣֹձһã
֪ɹһɶǣڻǿ󱳾ʵû˸ֻˡ
ңǿöˡ
⾺Ǽٶ棬ʢڹãҲֱܹˡ
ձ֮ҲԼļľд˿ͬһձ硣
ҲɾɥҲˡ
Ӧѩ飬ѩͫˣ΢΢һЦȴûô꣬ڵأһԼľд˿
Ӧѩ鿪߸ʱ۾һͳһöɫӡ
ӱԵ״Ȼһ˸ŵ⡣
ֵ֣ˡ
΢΢һЦֵԼڼǧһɹܹǧ΢׬һЩ
ľУҲûʲô䣬Ҳ⡣
ͼ֣Ҳûſ׷ƣ΢΢һЦѽɫСͿѩͫˡ
ѩһˣԼǲܿø翪һ㡣
ʮȫҲһãǧɹҲеɥɥ
һ˼һ𣬾һɹҲһСĿˡ
֪ԱᣬȻǳǮ壬һ򼸸ʮٸǧˣǻѵɹͲԵˡ
ȻѾ֪սˣҪǮǾܣӮԸˡ
ģ΢΢һЦԼʮľӳǰһƣЦ˵ö磬ʮӣҿɡ
ң
ѩһ⣬漴⶯;ϲĿ磬Ұ㿪
Ȼģɡ
˵꣬΢΢һЦ˳һÿһξ롣
ѽ
ѩֱ˷ԭеľɥһɨա
ŮӾǿʱڴУû׬ɹ顣
һڶֱڰ˸ӣһãѩֽΪԼùҲմϡ
ԥҪʣӻ᲻á
գһν΢ЦĿ£ڰʣӴ򿪣˲䣬
һѳСһľУһֻ𽣬ͷǺɫģںв˴͵ۡ


453 ˮ澫ģ
ˣͬʱͽѣתͷ
ɫ̽˶ʱһּ׷ӿľеŮʮ

ʮ
һٸ
ľе˷Ȼѩѳɫ̽ǷƷ϶ǱǹľеļǮ
ˣҲģһԣһĵ뷨׷ȥľд򿪡
Ȼǿ׬ֻԼ֪ˡ

Ҳûѩܿóʲôöֻһԡ
ܿóãҲ޷ǧɹѡ
ԣɹѾʲôˣɱֻޣܻ
ֻǣû뵽ͷȻ濪һѲı
ɫ̽͵һۣ֪׬ˡ
Ŀ򽣱֮ϵ壬ֻ΢ۣЦ̽Ʒö
˵꣬һҲһȣֵѩȻ΢Цѩ㲻ȱһ𣬴˽̶飬ȽʺŮӣʺʹãˡ
ʹˣ
ѩһȣ𾪵̧ͷ˵ȻŶ֣̽ȴ˿ҲûҪſӡ
Ȼġ
״΢΢һЦȻͳһƷȴҲûһ۵ӡ
лл硣
ѩԣһϲɫس˾лȻ󽫶̽뻳Уһϲ´
ѿ˿ϵϲ֮顣
ȻʮǱˣֻҲա
Ǹ֮䣬ҪôףԸ¡
ңѨ֮ǰǱˮҲЩʱˣǸ滻ˡ
̽ʵҪϡ
սȻһɺӵľ޴ߡ

˼״һĽѩҲûмʵ˼
ձѩãûϲ˻
ͫѩʶѾã֪֮Ĺϵйһξ֮
ھͳһƷҲͲʲôˡ
ңͫһλĴڣȻûǰ¶ԼӵеǺȻֻƷֵȽס
ԣӲἵʡ
ĸ磬Ҳ취Ūһ͸ƷȻҲܳƷ
ˣҲԵúܵȻ
һ˵õȮ죬˵ȻЩţȴȷʵ
ϵ˵ʲѣδĳɾͣȴδˣбĺô
Ȼ䣬ôԸⱳţңƾߡ
ΪģһԴһ֧֡
һλǿߵ֧֣ɲκˣġ

Ӧѩ飬ķѩƷټ䣬ʹˣ콣䱦ҪʲôûУ
һƷӿۡ
ԣҲἵʣĽ֮ɫޣֻǵ˼һۡ

˵ĺӶˣУֻͫһˣӻû򿪡
˶ʮңΨһˣֻ
ǣʱ򣬶ãҲֻƾо
Ψʱ򣬶Ҫã˼̣¾
֮ǰԱ߿ˣȻһЦΪ顣
Ӳһ۾䶼Ķʶ̽ȥѵܲµŵʲôƷԲ˾ٶ
ֻһۡ
ڣۼҪľУ¶һ˿ȤѩһƷҪӡ
Ȼͫʼˡ
һľУȻһעӵˣɹȻһЦ׷תͷȥΪȻڹ飬һٿˡ
ֻûлعͷ۾ض֡
ͫɫ嵭һƽʱֻǴľʱ΢һЩƻƷ
һ̣ľд򿪣ӿһֻСɶԲ߲ʱǣǰ˲ҫ˵۾һ
鱴
Ƭ߲ʱǵһ˲䣬ҲɻһΪϳ˴
һֽҩϺмƷʮϡС
һöʮݵ߲ʱǣͼֵǧɹʮ꣬Ѱ£꣬ʮпܡ
ͫö߲ʱĻƣӶԶһ֮á
öǣֻ±ѩղſƷ̽Ҫöˡ
ˣһЩû糣˸ղתͷȥģɻһǰûڣ׷Ľͫĺ
ΪʲôԼղҲľУΪ̫ᣬû£ȴȥأ˶ĺö
ǣҲֻĽͫĺû뵽
ȴͫ鱴ʱƺѾ֪Ǻ˿κһ˿֮⡣
ֻĬĬƽؽԼĴУ漴֣򿪵ľС
ľУǿտҲޱֲȻһЦΪղŹȻֻ
۾ȴˡ
Ϊͫģľʱֱ쳣ɣ֮ͬǰƽ
ûʧ
ͫĵģľУֳƷһһöɫ飬̹⣬С顱һرֵɹ֮䡣
ڶƷһҶ֦Ѿһָ
֦ѾƺȥһǱּһ֦Žȥûз顣
ȴΪΪýͫľеһ˲䣬ȴŵһ㣬ڵĵ˲䲨һ£ˮ
ζԶ嵭೤
㡣
һӵɵùԲ֪Ǻ


454 ˮ澫壩
¼䣬кܶصƷǧٹ֣ø졣
˿̣ͫ㣬һ֡
㣬Ĺʱӵе˵һСڣһͷԶŻ޷ʵǡ
䵽ڵ㣬Ѿʮϡˣÿһڣ޼֮Ѽ
аһܰˣõľط
˵һ֮㡣
ƷϵĹܶ඼ľ
ڹҪһΪˮδ롱ľ
ӵľˣ򣬺
ûľôҲԴﵽ۷壬ֻһЩƤë֮
һӵľٶҲѰ˿ࡣ

ġֽ䡷Ҫǡͨľ
µġ䡷Ҫġˡߡȴ󱯡ľ
ڵġ쾭Ҫǡ̫翡ߡ̫޳ľ
¥ġҪǡˮ仨ľīʡҪǡīࡱľ
˵ȵȡ
ţҪľͬзҵľҵеҵľҵľ
ͬСв졣
һ⣬Ҫľա
µġˡľҪС䡷ĵӣ£һһƾ٣ңСɡ
ʮңܴɡ
ľܿ޺ʱɵģЩľȴֻܻԵɺϣżá
ҪıŵطҪˮδľҪճˮһߣżա
Ȼʵһľȡˮδ롱ʺϡ
ľգʮϡ٣ߣֻҪաˮδ롱ɡ
һľǡ䡱ľľʺϡ֮ġ
һɹġҲԶûľֻӵСˮδ롱ľ߶ˡ
ԣ䣬ܶľаƷԶƵ޼֮Ǯûط
ЩֻеƷŵЧȻ󣬵ˣȴʶá
Ϊ䣬ʸƷŵˣʵϡ٣ûмˡ
һƷŵˣָ޼
ԣڳһ֦ͫʱǰ𾪣ΪףԴļֵֻ¾ǷŵµľĸУ䱦
ҲֻжͫĺеĽˡ
Ȼ
Ц
Ŀһ䵽ͫǶԵȴɫͫף²⡣
һֱ֪ͫͫʮ죬ȴ׵ĸطӵʲôã
׿ʱ𾪺ϲֱΪͽͫʮֲ򵥡
ͻȻðϻȻҲͫйء
ͫ׽ʲô֣
ѵܿ
ⲻ̫ܡ
ǻ˶ٴܣԪѨӵиĸʤ
ᱳεǿ󣬼ȻԱᣬ϶һİա
Ȼ˶ܿƣֻбĺͿÿӶˡ
ȻаգҲ˵Ӧͨûа취͸ǲơ
ڣֻͫӣȴ˾Ʒֵʮϰٱֹ
βۺ죬ʣɣ
ãƺ֪Լ˾̫ۣպӡ
ǿʱ飬Կ϶֪Ȼ֪ܲʲôƷ֪ĸж
ѵ۾죬Ȼʤǿߵ̽
ͫӵ͸ӿˡ
Ҳɡ

ȻɣͫԼܣԸ⽲ȻҲܱ
ңһλĴڣֻҪǵˣǺ£ǻ¡
Ժһ룬Ҳİãתͷȥٴ
ҲԺһգͫܣ֪Ƕͫãڡ
ҲԼȥʡ
ͿͫԼԺ᲻Լˡ

ͫѶ˵ĺӱȫꡣ
Ȼ׼ʮˮеĶ˻û뿪ر˵
ԱᾺĹأÿһԱϣһڣسһ䱦
䱦ͼֵʮư
鱦Ҳ˵ʮľУֵܼһٶʮ
һ򼸼Ǽʮ򣬻߽ӽ򼶵ı
ģġ
ʮˮ棬ֻһкöʮһǿյġ
Ҳ߼ʹʮһˮжҲֻһЩ߷߽ϣͨ
ʮ֮һıʮȴȡһһ˲䱩ĻᣬҲһ˲ѪĻᡣ
˿ϣȻϡ
ΪӮļʣ̫Сļʣȴ̫
ǣ˲ϣȻϡ
Ϊһ±Ļᣬʮȴһ챦ûֵܵջ
ľᣬһڣǵġ
Ȼɣ˶Χʮˮ֮ߣȥ

죬ڣͨµĻڳɣľȫ۹⣬Ȼˣܲס˵顣
׬ˣϲ϶زס
ȴˣɥ׵衣
Σ˶Χʮˮ֮ǰȴһڣݻµĿʼ


455 ˮ澫
ӭݻ£
һöŮȻȻǰһһ۰ŮӣͺȻǰ
òޣϵһС컨컨öС塣
컨ףϣȴ·ãȻɣһ˵С
±ٻһݻµˣллҵ֧֣ʲôдĵط
±ٻۣԭ
ϳŮӵɴ󾪡
Ϊ۰ŮӣȻ⻻󸱻᳤֮һأʵǿ
磬˸С϶ᵹù
ΪĳλĵͽӣòǰԵϷḡ
λΪߴѨڵĳŵӣֻһУͱ±ٻ˳ȥڵϣһ߹ǣ²˴
ºţΪܣûиȥ±ٻ
컨ӡ±ٻ֣Ҳ֮󣬲Ϊֻ֪ٳڹڳϣԺ˼ݶѡ
û뵽һݻ£Ȼ±ٻ֡
߲㣬һݻ£Ҳˡ
Ҳǣһ컻ᣬģȻҪ࣬һ᳤ҲΪ档
±ٻЦݺ㣬ůˣˣ崺硣
ԱʵװޣƺһӶ
ûж˵ϻ˾˷ܵı󣬾ֱӿ˵ˣĸȽʼҾͲ˷Ѵʱ䣬ֱ˵һ¼򵥹򡣡
ݻ£ˮ֮Уˮһֻʮ
һ׳ʮƬдˮ֮ϵͬӦŵĳ컨꣬˻ߣͿԻʮɹһδˮĻᡣ
ÿˮ棬ӡһöľС
ľ֮ϣзӡʦӦ̵ѪƣоǷǿߣҲܴ͸ƣƷ
ԣһùƽľںľʲô
˵ˣ±ٻ΢΢һЦȴȻֹס˻ͷˡӡ
ҿ΢͸¶һǣﳬֵʧ
˭һԵǻᣬԺ󽫻һǱ
д˿֮ľĸϣʲôƷܾŻݣȻֻˡ
ʱ䣬һӡһӺ󣬶Ứʼ
˵꣬Ȼһ֣У֪ʱͶһ쳣Ѥĺɫ󻨡
ɫƺʲժ겻಻٣ʮƬÿһƬ쳣˶
Ǵ˿̣Щ仨֮ϣÿһ꣬ȴһţӦˮ֮ϵķơ
Ҳ˵¶ỨĲƸͬʵ
㿴ĳˮȴ֮ӦĻ꣬Ҳǰ׷һ
Ȼкľûд֮ǰ˭֪ʲô
ĳˮңǲң˭ܹ֪أ

׵Ů±ٻĻ֮־ᱦˣʱ˼ÿһˮҪһöꡣ
Щԥˣøӽ
һһ̨վŮӣһῴһʮˮԼǲ
УȻǽԴϲûУóʮʲôҲûõѪ
ΪԼĳǰʧһĻԵ
˵ľе챦һǱʧۣ֮ʹˡ
ɹ׬ʮ˵٣ģмò
ʧȥԵʧģɾͲʮˡ
ʱһڲ
ңǻδõء
ڳôˣǧ
ǧУʹֻмʮ֮һٷ֮һģҲϰ١
ϰٸȥͬʱֻʮʮ֮һʮ֮һıƱطǳҡ
˭ܻõ˭òһء
ǵģֲ˲ϰ
֮ǰǵĻʮɹһȴַ֣Լǲʮˮ֮һ
Щ˵ĳ˼Щ־ˣʱԥǷڵµ׸һƬ꣬һˮУײ챦
Ķˣһ졣
Ĵˣ޷Ҳǿʮɹѡ
ֵã

ûҪμӵ˼
Ȼʣ²ɹҲ˷ȵطɹ׵ã⻨ȥҲˮһ㡣
磬һãԭаʮ򣬼֮ǰеһЩۣԼڰʮҡ
֣ˣһҲ׬ôࡣ
ǿĻһԪһƿͻ޹ĽֻȥʮǶʮ
ټϸձѩȹҩļ򣬸ղľлǧʮȥˡ
Ҳʣʮ
ԣʮ֣ˣһȴ治
ˣɸϧ
Ϊףʮ֣ɻ٣ھĸϣʲô䱦еȱ
еƫ϶ѣеͨ
Ϊһ翵ȥʮܶĵȻǺã׬׬
ǣĲأȫˮȥˡ
ʣʮ󣬾ǿʲôʲô𣬵ʱһƣ粻
ͻȻղͫľٶһ
Ȼͫƾͫľ֮ĽƣԼӵлͫǲҲˣľеĽأ
Ʃ֮ǰڵ̯ϣˣƷαװ˻С׬һʡ
˵ľ֮⣬зƣ̯ͨڼ©кܴϣ󣬵ԡ
ɹҲˣȨһ֡
ɹǿɾһܲĶ
뵽˲书˫ֻͫ۾ɵɫȺǰʮˮȥ
ҪĽƣѪƣĵΪ
⵭⣬ǻͫ߶µ


456 ˮ澫ߣ
ֱͫΪħӡѰ͸ԴսͫԼ֮ͫ֡
֣Ƚãʹڻ֮ǰʷϣҲڴ˵ɡ
ǰ漸֣Լ򵥡
ĿǰѾһ㣬ħڶ㣬ӡ˴ɵĵز
㣬ֻͫǳʼ״̬
ƣһͫҪΪĲܼմﵽɵĲΡ
Ȼڣѧ˵ͫ͸ԴƾпܣԽѪƣƷˡ
ԣĻͫʮǧңԶľ롣
ԣĿǰΨһƾģҲֻոСɣûܴﵽϤõĵͫͫ
Сش߶˫һ㵭⣬ǰˮ֮Уĳһһöľ֮Ѫƿȥ
ʵֹڳˣȻ֪ѪƷͬСɣɲչܣѪƿȥ
ҪԼΪڲͬϲ
Ȼλ컨ӡ±ٻȻ˵ľٶȴǣ΢΢һЦվعۿ˵ġݡ
ô׿ƣҲǧ겻׳󣬲չȹģˡ
Ѫƣ֮ǰ˵˵һ㲻飬Ϊǿķӡʦ̣˵ѨķǿߣҲԿʵ
ΪзǿߣҲò߱顣
ȻԿǿƽ⣬ֱӵȼѪƣȼա
ơջ١֮ȻܡõľĶˡ
ôȻΥġ
οڳЩ棬ûӵǿʶˡ
ԣ̩֮ȻһҲżһҲģһЦؿ˱ݡ
ˣȥӡʦӦٵѪƣıﱻ׬ȥҲԸ⡣
Ϊ˲ţţţȫֵá
һȥõһϡ䱦ɵĺ䶯
Ϊǵ츳һ

ӵоƽ֮ͫĴڣ׷ʹ̵ʮˮ֮еѪƳȥ
ȻеӭжⲢûг֣ǰģҲֻһͨѪơ
ǵľһӴľ棬ЩŤ۵ѪʱͬʬɽѪһƬ졣
ѣڡ
棬ЩĵӣȻȺУôʮˣ˿Īһͷð࣬Ҳƺĳʹ
ֹˣͬ
֮ǰһЩľʱΪֻϷҲһֵ˼ûǧɹڣԲûжͫ
ˣʱҲ֪Ѫƻж
ʱĻ֮ͫ⣬ͫף䵽ЩѪɫ֮ʱ
˲䣬䡱һһؿռ䣬ĴǷɱ¾ʬɽѪ
ԶսŨѪΧϵ£һƬѪɫ
ǿУǴ̱ǵѪζǰ˺죬Ǻ졭þˣͻʡ
ǡ
ޱȡ
ĻͫȻ˵߽ףʮصһͫ
ϧһλӡʦõķƣʹĻͫҲĪ⡣
ǣΪﵽһĳ̶ȣ߿Ծѹƴ˽Ƶˣͫߵ󼸲ĳ̶ȡ
ȻѪƵĶ֡
ʱƺû壬ͻҵڣȴ֣ԼԽԽգû
һ⣬ʧ١
һζѹԼɫ԰׵ˣͫоѪ˿⾡ȥ
֮ͫʱڣҲʹˡ
⣬ǶĴ
ĴǣͫܿѪƣԼȴУ˵ͫԼĻ֮ͫҪǿö࣬صöࣿ
Ƕͫ棬ǿ
֪
ƫͷȥͫȴʱأƺһãȴҲûϰ㣬һС
ԭҲС
ˣ˵ͬΪѪƣľ֮ϣ͵ںľ֮ϵģȫһġ
ֻλŮ±ٻ˵Ļ֪Щľ֮ϣǳһλӡʦ֮֡
ʦվֻһˣղôľУȫһ˵̣ҲҪˡ
ÿôһأҲԲҲô
ԣпܣľ֮ѪƣǴʦ̣Բôǿ
ľУĵӣ˷˵̣֮Ǵʦֱʡ
ЩȻǿ󣬵ȴסͫͫ
ҲסԼĻͫ
ֻǿϧǣղԼûһԡ
ҡҡͷһ˿תкӦѩ飬ձˣ׼￴ֱ꣬ȥˡ
ˮ£ǲˡ
Ȼڴʱ
תһ˲䣬ȻڣѾгɵĸ߽׻üȻȻһƺܵʲôͻȻޱȻԾ
߷Ȼת
ǡ
˼ȻһоԼڵĻõ֮ģֱָʮˮһԽԽУԽԽԾ
Īǡ
Ȼ֮ǰʦýĻ
߽׻üûôÿһֶʮּѣҪԵ
νĻԵ֧һŸ߽׻üĺ֮Ҳ׳Ƶ䣡
䡭
ĿԼõֱָ֮һˮȻ۹ȣ˲ı⡣


Ȼ֪Լõ֮ĴʱĲָ㻹һʱ⣬˵Ȼᡣ
Ϊףжôѵá
뿪֮ǰʦýһӣָֻ߽׻ü֮ʱʮֲмЩס
Ū֮󣬲֪ʦǿҲǲѺĸ߽׻þ̸ǡ
Щüô
ü֮ѵǣ֧Żüĺ֮Ѱ
һ䣬ԸĹ֮лã䣬Ʒ𣬳۳
ڶ䣬ʮɹֻͨƷ䣬ҲѲơ
ڣֵһ䣬ܱҪ󣬶ҪҪҪصö࡭
ףȱٵһ䣬ҲһֱѰҵһ䣬ϡ汦ˮ澫

Ǻˮ澫𣿡
𣿻Լһʱ

ˣ
̨ϣŮ±ٻ΢΢һЦҡִ˵ĳ˼ԥ˵ʱ䵽Ứʼ
ৣ
Ȼһ֣УǶ󻨣ʱһ˲ԶѣȻΪʮͬС۵컨꣬ȺУ׷¡
һʱ䣬״˲Ӱͬʱ𣬳ʮ黨ȥ
֮ǰԥѡģһʱ䣬׷״֣һʱεΪ׳ۡ


457 ĸϣ
ձѩ飬ͫӦѩ˶ûж
ɹḻòˮб˲Ըðա
û뵽ЩӰ˲䣬ԼԣȻҲһӰ漴𣬷·ס

磡
ô᣿
Ƿ׷ײ治ѡ
ӣӦμȫĶĲ¼ģڣȴΥģ˺֪£Ȼ֡

УڿնһԾǽʮɵܲ飬ձ˵ɻ󣬴ʱѾƽһƬ黨ꡣ
Ƭ黨꣬һˮεͼƣͿеǵˮϱעŵķơ
ڴʱ棬ӰͬʱƬ黨ֳǰƬ黨ץȥ
δһҪѡһö꣬ǣֻҪһö㹻
һö㲻
ǣ¹߽׻üһʽ飬ôãôǰö黨ȡߡ
Ѩ֣
һ֣һۻ޾İһǽȻӳȥҪ赲⡣
Ѩֻ֣˵ֻƷϽףѱ̭ѾãϾսɱˣֻ˱ȽǳԵĵ
ʹˣʱΪŲԪʱõƷ෢ӳĪ˲佫赲
ͬʱô˻ᣬһתӰӰһٶıǶ黨ץȥ

ƾ㣡
棬״Ǵŭһ꣬۾ʾм֮ɫ
˻ǧ٣
һ֣꣬Ȼ޾Ρ
ɽѹѹֱӴͷѹ£ǧȻһŰƷֱ
Я齦񣬰磡ؽ
һֳ꣬һֻɫСһöѵС飬һ֦ǳɫģֱɱ
״һЦһת˾ȻȻ飬ղһȻС
Ӱɢһ̣е黨꣬Ѿһֻץס
漴Ӱ֣Ӱڵ棬΢Цˣ
ղŰУöעˮα־黨꣬Ѿ䵽С
״־ŭȴ޿κΡ
һ֮𣬸У
˼ˣֲñˣתĿ꣬ҪȥʱְСžһ֮Ӱɢʮһ꣬Լµˡ

̾һ˺޺޵һȺУԡ
ҲУΪǶᱦĹأҪɹʵһ֡
Ĳ±ȴ᲻꣬ʹӵٶɹ޻ᡣ

ʮȫ³¯˻ĽʻЦӵĿע֮£ʮ˰οȺŮ±ٻڵĸ̨ȥ
ϲǣ֧ɹǵΪǿ
Ӵ֮󣬰ǸлӡӦĺľУ͵УԼ
ϣǣǼԵˡ
ȻԵֻһȻԵһʮһˣҲҪʧ
ǵĻȻûˣǻܲһ꣬ҿԼǰ˵һ߾أ
±ٻЦٻ⣬Цݵعʮˡ
һڣȴȻϽɹ
ԴˣȻΣЩۣҲֻһ˵ݽʮɹȥ
漴ǡʮ˸ԻصԼᵽĻӦˮ£ȴ
ãʮˮȫ򿪡
ʮͬţͬ͵ŮʮľУֱ͵֮µȴʮǰ
漴ڼ򵥵齻˻޲֮󣬼нľƽ
漴ʮԼᵽĺľУ»ص̨֮ϡ
һ۵İŮ±ٻ״Ŀ΢Цƻ򿪰ɣҲƷ˵鵤ƷŲоƷ黨ݡȵĵرϾ͹С
򿪰ɣҫ㣬㣬Ƹ㣬ƷˣҸᵱöǱ
˵꣬±ٻһУжʱһɫ
ɫʮرҫһ֮ϣһ߲¥һ棬߿ǳӶɵıͼ
֮߱һǱ
д˿ͬǱ¥棬׹ٰ򼶵иŻݺǵȼͨ˿Ϳȫǲһģ顣
һЩͨͻŵصػ͵ǰ
ԣ̨ʮӣмԼģʱ̲ס
߰ˣ±ٻЦĿ£ŶԼƷϡ䱦ȴԼеľС
ľп棬ղˮ֮ʱһر˵߱飬ǣʱȴһ谭ҲûС
ֻһģӡԶȼգľжʱ¶Ʒ
Ȼ߰ڴעĿһһ̣ȴʧ¶޾İɥ֮ɫ


458 ĸУ
ʧɥƣơ˵ģ⼸˴ʱı̬
Щ˵ľ棬еģֻżöǮ
еģһȫʽףףƷ״ԼڷƷ߽ף󲻳ǧɹ
ЩһεѩʯһЩħ
΢һЩԼֵ߰ǧɹҲ򡭡
һ߰˻ʮǮõĶҪôһǮֵҪôȻֵǮȻ˵ʮ򣬰򼶵ϡ䱦ʮĶûС
ǻزҿѪ
ңڴľ֮ǰǾԤϡ
ʮľУֻһǸ˵
ǣȻԴϲ
ǣҲܽܵķΧ֮ڡ
ֻǴ֮ǰվһ˿ҡ
֮ңҲʧӰ١

ƣȻ˿ġ
⼸ģ˭Ҳûöʣµļˣʱ˷ˡ
ʮľ֮Уһϡ䱦
ԭеľУֻʮ֮һļʣܿó˼ϡ䱦
ڣΪмѾ䶨ע֡
ԣǵõϡ䱦ļʣ˾ʹ
֮һ
ɱ֮ǰʮ֮һҪǿöˡ
ȻʣµļУעҪмˣضҪʧ顣
һˣջˣΪһ쾺ĳ

˭Ҳ֪

Լ̨µˣҲǣڴ
Ǻ˭õǼϡ汦ͬҲ棬һ쾺УѹǼϡ䱦Ǻ
δ֪Ķ֪̽ġ
ǰ߰˷׷׿˳ʣµˣ͸עĿ
ЩʣµУȻ֮һ
վȺԺλãƽ˫ֽԼõĺľУȴһҲûҪ򿪵˼
⿴̨¼ˣҲ
ЩУձѩˣֲͬڴЩЩ˷ܡ
֮ǰϳʱǻ֣Ϊǡ
ʮ֮һļʣʮɹȥһδ֪Ľ㡣
ڣʮɹȥ֮һļʣǣ϶Ҳġ
ϾʧڳΧ֮ڣԽܡ
һɹջģɽһ֮ϡ֮ˡ

ˣѾǷ̨ԴˣǲòǱʾź
Ͼ䱦ֻһУ϶ʣУĿԴ
Ů±ٻ΢΢Цţ̨˵תͷ̨ˡ
ʱѾˣλץʱ䣬Ҷڵȴأ
˾֮УαԥأľУ֮ôһΪɣ
ǰ򿪰ɣҶȲˣ
ԣʱһ׷״ߴ٣̨лС
ˣģðһȺľе֣
Ҫ
ֻǣս֮ǰȴֲòԥòɡ
Ϊɹ֮ң֮ǰʧܣҲͰˡ
ʱʧܣõֻôһľ룬ȴʧֻۣ֮ǷԽˡ
Ҳȴ򿪵˵֮١
ҪӲܱ䣬ԣ翪һĽ
ԼȻԴϲ
ǣҲóе̨˴ʱһĵǺš

룬̨˵ĹŮӵĴߴУڣˣһҧصеľС
飡
ľ֮ϵѪԶľе¶֮
̨ˣҲɼæ̧ȥ漴ֲɡһ֮ޡصǷ
Ϊ̨еľУȻֱһʯһֻСһöѪ塣
ϧûд˵еϡ֮
Ʒƽ֮ֱǶ׿ʯʯһµرԼһͨ壬Ѫ塣
УҲǼµرֵǮһЩҲһɹ
ȻǼϡ䱦ʣµС
̨ϣµģֱԼһꡣ
ؿһнԼеľУһʱԥǲ
ǰ˴ʱһϽ۾㲻ٿ
ֱ̨µдϲ۾ٿʱϲ
˶ʧܣǼѹֻ֮ԼԱ֮һˡ
һļʣѾܸˡ
˿̣оеߺľУ⣬ƺ޾棬ڵȴҡ

գ⣬ȿ
ֻҪпʲôƷԼ֪Լˡ
ˣݺݵתͷɱƺ˵쿪쿪ҿһ£ңһҪǧҪ
״һЦҲûмƽ˼
ԭԾϰգ黨׼ξʱлΪԼղŶǴ󵼡
ʱǰʮ˵һһʧܣףԼѹԱˣԣٵһȣһʱҲûʲôָı䣬޷˾ִѡ
ǻ꣬ľУԸ򿪵ӣǾԼɣ
뵽ˣһֻǰľУ̨˼״֪𰸽һ٣޲׷Ÿ쳤ӣͬһֻֻѼӣеľ

ձѩеڴԼһֱۣ޲߱ˣ̨ϴʱڴľеʶˡ
һԵĻ꣬򲻶ϰʧܣʧܣ𿪳𿪳
̨˼ƣ䵽ľ֮ʱӭ٣һ죬ľе˽ȥ
˵۾ɽضƣڸס˺Ϸ˿С
ʱ˿̵ȴͷһ漴ƽϣųһĿЦݡ
ָ̽סһˮƱһԴһ˿Ʒ
⣬ָƷ䣬ס
ˮ澫㣡
ץסȻһ֣漴̯
ʱһŷ·ˮƵͳǰǧ⡣
̨һʱһˮ֣ýˣоһ˿⣬ɴһ


459 ĸ£
һ̣һĿ
ǵ⣬ۣȴһ̣ʹ̨̨£˵۾
ձѩˣȻǴϲΪˣҲΪĺ˳Ծ
±ٻһֱһ΢ЦݵŮӣζؿһۣ漴һеöҫǱ䵽ǰ
Ʈߵ˵һ䣺СܵܣõƺͬѰŶ
һɵʱȴּ̧ͷϻָˮЦ⣬̨ˣ
ˣѾʹ˴֮زʧĸѾҪʼѾΧѳʮɹģȥɣ
Ȼܸղûѹղ̨ᱦʮӣʹûõҲҪģĸϣۣʵܻãҪЩ翵ĳƷȥμӰɣ
Աڣǹϲλꡣɢɡڴٷ꣡
˵꣬һչȻٲ໰ͬһֻɫ񣬷ɹͷֱӳһԵľĸȥ
ӣȻҲҪȥμ⾺ĸӣȴ֪Ϊ֮һǴȥĳƷ
ʹΪ⻻󸱻᳤֮һܶණ˽½ЩҲûȨ޵ģģͱȥġ
ǹأʹǸ᳤֮һҲ޷ġ
ǣ⻻ˣпܡ

ϲ㣡
ŮѾȥˣȻʱ˿̣ߣȴͻȻŮ±ٻЦ
ھĸŶ
ߣȲɢͷһ𣬶ʱеŮӵʵ֮ɲ˶ˣȻɻ
ǧһ𣿡
૵صĽ߬öˮ澫ոյõĺ鵴Ȼ޴档
漴ͻعһЦԼΪԼѾվ㹻ˣǾһսף֮ԼɲǾ׿졣
˵ǰ벽һЩѨӵԼ޷ƥеʵ
£ɲ⡣

ʱ̨꣬ڿϵЦʱ͸оС⡱һ£˲õԤС
ٿֶ⣬ǲ类شһã䶨ɫɲ԰ףֹͣ
ŵŵšѪɫ
һ֮ңֻһ֮ңΪʲôƫƫǸһǴСϣȴԼ֮Զ
顱һ죬еľУڵأˤѿ
յģ䲻˵ǿһҲֻƮƮƮһֻ׵ë
ʲôѰ𣬾һֻͨĺѣһǮֵ
ʱ˿̣ȻеĽ֮ǰͿ˵ʮˣͲ̫ϣʱʧҲûôŨذɡ

ûٿܸ꣬ղǶôĿʤߣԶֻһˡ
˵Ŀ⣬û䵽ϣһ̣Ǳ
űˮţ¸̨ձѩӦѩߣпˣ޲˳ÿһɫУŶľηĽʣȵȣ
ûܣ֮󣬾΢Цţеĺˮ澫һƣ͵ϣһΪ졣
״ձѩȣǴϲ׷׽ӹҿܲ֡
Աߵˣ״Ҳּ˹һЩߣһʱΪ
״һְͫѺˮ澫ͬʱǶԵӣؿһȴʲôҲû˵
߰ɣ̫ˣҾĸҲҪʼˡ
ߣ
ձ飬ܿõ˴˵ͬȻЩᣬﲻϸ۵ʱ䣬ˮ澫һű֮ʱͽĴУ⾡ȥһʱָ
Щ̰ĽˣŲɾһظȴֲһ졣
ոһɲǣǾȻɱ˶ᱦ˼ܲܳɹܣҲòΪԼ˼
Ӧѩ飬ձˣȺ̤ĳŻһҲ߲һ򣬶¥ľĸſȥ
뿪γѣԱѾȫЩһ죬漴Ҳ׷׳ĸӵ

ľĸõùɫ㣬Ժ죬ڶɫΪɫ丨һЩߵ̣Եʮ׳أֶһ˿֮
߽ȴſڵŮ鹧̬һ˿ȴһ˿ҲûҪǽȥ˼
״һ㶣漴˹Ҫͨơ
ĸֻΧʮɹܽ롣һʱ˾Ȼ¸ˡ
һۣһԴóöͨƣó֮ʱˣһʱȴ֪ý˭
ԼǱƾܽ룬һǻĹԱǣʣµƣֻöȴˣûϻãȻˣܲܰ棬ֻ˽ȥʹûҲⲻȥ
ô죿
һʱΪѣѩˣѩ˲˹Ϊѡ
ҪʮɹջʮֻöƣȱöҪһΪ֧ʮ򣬵ڻûĸ󣬾ͰɹŪ⣬˼ʹ룬϶Ҳô˽
ԼЩϹЩˣձѩȣΪûʲôҸոսѨҩ֮صȵȣֶҪɹʣ࣬Բ㡣
Ҫ㣬⾺ĸȥȥνģ硭
ѩ磬漴һϵ˵
ձʼû׹õĻ׹ҲһԴҲǣɹҪǽȥˣȻҲҲ磬ȽȥɣҺõǡ
⡭
üͷһ壬ѩȻ˵۾лӹһ˿ʧ⾺ĸ󣬻Ǻýġ
͸ûн֮أ˵ʶһ㣬˭Ҳš
һҡͷ׼ΣҲҪóʮɹŪȥ˵ȴʱȻ䣬ͫ΢΢һЦĪգԽȥа취˽ھͺá
а취
һ㶣ͫЩΪ˺ƭԼȽ룬ԼļƲߣȻͫڣȴһƬ峺޶αֲЩ֡
Ǻǣ粻š
ͫ˼磬һ״ʱ֪ɣһöָ֮һĨжһöɫŻơ
һУ΢Цʦҵ˵д˿ŷ١ţƾһССľĸӦûǲİɣ
˵꣬ƳǰλŮһڵҪ⼸˽ȥû⣿
Ůһ㶣漴еƣʱһɫ䣬æصԭǻǰĵӣȻû⣬룬
˵꣬˵һߣÿ·
״ͫ΢΢һЦҲûе⣬ƣˣֱ¥ݿڣ˶¥ĸڡ
һĿɿڴǡ
ףͫŮӣȻǡ׵ͽ
Щ˲ģûгʾͨƾȻֱӽ룬Լȴסʱһһ£ΪʲôܽȥΪʲôǲܣ
Ů״΢ЦؿڵҲһλʦҲܺһĴûУóͨƣȻˡѷУ
ǡ
˶ʱȻ֣ʱֲһݣС
󷽣ǿ꣬״һЦ
漴ǿƼˣͳöͨƣԽ¥ݣ¥ĸ
״Щûƣ벻˵ˣҲֻ޿κΣ֪ʵݽ˸ģͬУԼ˵ᣬҲŭԣֻӵ¥֮£ȴĽϣһϢҲ֪һľĸϣֳʲôϡƷ


460 ľ
ûй룬ôۣ¥ݣͫԼˣЩλðĸо
˶ţҪɹȻôףĽ˴˸
״ҲֻпЦ
ӵпɽĺôˡ
ǰûע⣬ڲŲǶУһĴڣҲɵӡ
Ȼ䣬Ҳôˣ֮ʸǿߣͶţңʧԼһɣȴҲִ˲ƣ
ΪȨ֮ܣǧ˳˭Ҳܱ⡣

Ϊͫӵе˱һʮİᣬС󡱡
ľĸ󣬹ȼİͨ
ĵȼֱ죬أȼΪ֣䣬޵ָȼ
УֺŰһֻʮ䣬ǸʹõģƽʱԸţҲ۳ȥǮûݵˣ
֣֣Ƕ۵ģȻ۸񲻷ơ
ЩƸˣǿ𣬵֣ѾҪһݡλˣ˭ܽġ
ֺŰᣬź޵̺һŲȥƶˣԱֻһװõĹŽһ˿٣֮ǰ
ľΣʯ滹йϹƣԼŮ̺ԣʱԸ
ЩȫѣְͨᣬǸûеġ
ǵأ˶ᣬֺţԳǮЩ񣬵Ǹڿռ䣬Լ飬壬װΣȫȻûеġ
ֺţǸûЩЩˮ֮ĶǻǮ򲻵ֻһͨխС䡣
ɴ˿ɼͬ
ȼ״ɸӸ̾ȨƵϢͬʱҲɷ׷΢ЦͫάԭǱݣԼ൱ڴ˸ָĹҲϲָ
ͫԣ΢죬ȴҡҡͷû˿򸡰֮ü˵ʦƴ󣬲ҴҲͺٻҲʲôȴɹġ
Ҳǡ
ԣҲɿЦ
ٴ󣬷ǿߵλٳߣ⻻ϣȻҲܵɹʹãһЩӵ۵Żݡ
ԣͫ˵ҲǽȻʲôҲȱΪμӵս̫٣ƽʱһֱڱչϵɹƶһ
˽ҲȨǿ۽硣
ˣлᣬĻҪʼˣǾȴɣ
Χ֮ǰƷŹϹƣһ̸Цһ߾עŵӿ˽ȴžĸʽʼ

ʱһһֹȥ
ʤӣָȴƶƧ磬Ȼһ͡
ȻȻͣʱܻȥ
ȽŸУԼһ̶ʱ󣬡֨ѽĸţȻһ󡰺¡¡Уرա
Уƹ𣬾ŰپʮյͬСͬɫȴڷŵøߵʹ䣬βͬһˮƣ°һĹą̂ǻԲã紦һռ䡣
̨µطȴΪŴգ߲룬ԵЩڰֻüӰᤣγһһȼȻͬķֽ磬Աȡ
ˣ̨µˣȴȻž˶ϢԴȴžĸʽʼ
䣡
Ȼ䣬ľ̨֮ϣƽѿһ󶴣һſ¶һ̨ԼһŮӣȻǱˣǸղԱϳ־󸱻᳤֮һ컨ӡ±ٻ
ݺЦδȶ˾ͬӻ߳ǧƵ£ԹɶĿƳˡ
ôҾõˣǲ˼ˣᣬһѹỷڣĸᣬʽʼ
Ҳö˵ŴҶ
ʦ׼֮󣬴ɾۣ۸ߵá
˲عأݻʵѹߣһᶼ᲻ϧһдۣ죬ɱ
˵һºЦݵء컨ӡ±ٻϣȻƽһ˿òһ
֪Ҳд̣ǣô޵һ컨
ıֻһ˲գֱ绨ǺЦȻŴҶǲعصˣԷϻҲͲ˵ˡ
ξĸǹѰʮĵرƷƷر䣬ƷŲоƷ鵤δ˵鵤׼ȲҩƱ߼ĿʯȵȵȵȣÿһǾϡ֮бһԸãԲôʧ
˵΢΢һЦȻ˴ξĸΪ߶еλˣûлѹʮɹ벻ĵΣȻҲһ
ÿһϡ֮ֵȻҲƫһЩֵ
£ĳλѣЯɹҲõģܷľġ
£ھĻегʱаʱϢʱ䡣
ϢʱڣҿԽԼЯһЩòϵйֱۣչֳͬ۸ߵãֻҪȡʮ֮һӶ𡣡
йԼҪѵɹԼǲҪóǰһɹ
Ȼʱޣ̫ͨƷ϶գԣҪʮɹϣó׵ļֵһ㣬ҽǡ
ˣ棬һƷڻ֮أͨľ֮Ƶģͷľ
˵꣬±ٻһУ˲䣬һŮһ޴̣ϸ̨
ƿ֮ϣȻһ̣߳۴ϸľǣľ֮ͬͷһоŸͷһƬƬɫ
ͷľ
䡱һ̨̣֮£˲䶯˳ӿס
˭û뵽ξĸĵһƷȻƷôƷƷ֮ɡ
Ҿͷľֽоľ˵ĥƬѹɷ֮󣬺ˮ֮гϣ٣ƾЧʵЧ
֮֮һҲΪ
±ٻƺ֪˼ؾͷľʱı飬ԥؿڵ
ͷľļۣʮɹÿμӼۣõǧ濪ʼۣ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
˲䣬һƷjļ۸
գؾͷľһλŰɫߣɫɴף˸ʮɹߣһ˵
Ȼۺ죬ֻǵһƷƴֹֻ̫
¥ϣҲɫݣ΢΢ֱӡ
ͷľҲǲҪ̫أҪƳҪʦУûŵ
ֱĥã̫˷ѣҹЧǲô棬û֪
ڲ֮ǣòϣʱڰɹ˷Ʒϡ
ǣ˵ˣԼĴ䣬ԭΪٵļʮɹһȴ˺ˡ
һƷˣƷѹ֮Ѿ롣
򲻵֮£ֻȳһݶ׼ˡ
ȵȵȿϰ볡׶ЩʲôǷбҪ
˼ɼ䣬ᣬɵĽУһһϡ鱦̨ϣһһĸ߳׼ۣҲˮǰߵز󣬺ܿʮ
òҲզ࣬ջʮˣЩѾò˸߼ۣһѾʼѰ˼óʲôȥһɹЩ򲻵ѣֱ˳˽ľģֻ͡
УձѩȣҲզ࣬ȫûвء
УΨвʸ񾺼۵ģҲӦѩˡ
Ȼеĸ߲㣬вŵĳϣִߣӢӣǣѷɫ
ĵʲôǲ޹Ƕûаա


461 ˮ
쾺ĸᣬʮϡ֮һʱңĵʮʮŵгϢʱ䡣
ʮУȻǰΪ֮һľƷ˵ǰһ죬ɬֻº޲ðжС
УȻҲмرĶϧϽеʮɹɿЦѡ
һһ֮£Ҫ˵ʮȫˣɹڴʱȷǲֵһᡣ
Ȼƣǣû̫ǣϾϣɹһЩƷʱòϣ¿ԶһɹٻȡԼ֮
ǣǰ볡ֻ򣬺볡ٿһƷ¶İУ˾ĸһ
ϣõģʵǲпġ
ȻǰЩ̣ǿѹס˹
ĻУ˵ʮ˼ʱ̲ס۾һҲ޷ӵֱ
ˮϹʱڣһλˮϵǿߣˮ֮֮ǰԼһˮϵľ򣬻һöˮУ֮Իˮ򡣡
֮ߣƾԲ֮ҹһˮľ
ľˮϵӵмãʹŵרľһֻͨͨҪˮϵһĸӳá
ҿ˵ӵдˮ򣬴ȫиĿܣˮϵҪĳľ˸һ
ˮһԸʮΡǧ£ˮҲתʮ֣֮оˣѾʹùһˮĸ֮ܣֻʣһλᡣ
ˮرļۣʮɹÿμӼۣõǧ
ˮΪֻˮϵľԼ۸ԵͣǷƽһˡ
ϾֻܸһΣ˵мʸˮϵľһһ򲻳ɣҲֻܷһˣκμֵ
ʱ򻨷Ѽʮĵģһˡ
ȻɹջȻֲɹᲢۡҪ֪䣬Ʒϡ٣ܻˮϵƷŵģȻΪϡ١
лõһţȴΪԼûˮϵľ޷ǿ϶źԽա
ʱһԸ˸ˮϵľĻᣬȻֻһΣ϶Ҳۺ죬һҪ֡
ҲˣˮϵƷˣȻɣ䣬ӵеƷľǷë۽ǣպӵˮϵƷģȻϡ֮ǡþģȻ١
ԴȻ󣬵ȥļ۸ֲ̫ߡ
Ͼˣ࣬˲̫࣬ߵļۡ
Ȼһ
û󣬵ȴǡϾҪڣһΡĵһʮֲɣպþһˮϵ
Źˮϵľԭ֮ǰҪҲĪĶȴ˼Ŀ
ƫƫľȻֻƾĶ˭Ҳ޷ƾչ䣬Ҫżãһߣܻá
ԣ䣬ľһĻᣬֻǻᣬкܴʧܣ׷Ϊ
ˣöֻʣһΣֻˮϵľЧܸܲ˵Ķܽг׼۶ʮģÿμӼ۲õǧ
ƫƫûܹܾ
ʹһֱ׼ǿţֱ°볡ųֵҲ⡣
ʮһ򣡡
ûֱӿڽмۣڽм۵Ǳˣһ׺ͷеӿһϢˡ
Ȼһ벽ǿߡ
ʮ򣡡
һ˽мۣмһɫۣģ׾ıꡣ
ʮ򣡶ʮ򣡡
ȻЩмۣûסߣȻд˲࣬ǣԼãҲԽ׸ˡ
ʱɹмۣ챦
У˼ԼڶԷôʹԶͬȼֵɹҪ壬ҪܴĿĵöࡣ
ʮ壬ʮʮߣʮˡ
ܿ죬öˮͻʮĸ߼ۣﵽʮ
Ųڻһ㡣
ԭм۵ģܹԼ߰ˣڣֻʣ׺ͷԼ۵ıˡ
ʮ򣡣
˴׺ͷЩˣʮֵʱֶǲģһ߸¥Ÿе꣬ŭɫ
⻻еĹأܴ󣬲Ϊǰ벽ǿѹһ
꣬õóʮɹһľĻᣬȻҲлӴƷţðͷֲЩɵ
ϾӵȲƸͻģͨˣҲĳִ󱳾
ֻˮϵƷоҲƽܻú͸ĶӵȶģǷˡ
ʮ򣡡
۵꺰ʮ۸ʱ׺ͷ顱һڲȻڵء
ȻΪףȻҲֻǻԵɺϴﵽ˾磬һ洫͵ƷҳֻһʽȴҪˮϵľˮ족
һ֪շתٺޣǿˮȴޣǻԵ䵽ϣһ޷⡰ˮ족ľŵƷҳ޴š
Ȼǲġ
սǰȭȻǷگǣȴҲδûһѰԵ뷨룬ԵǰΪһСҵ棬ӵеɹȴޣ滨ʮ򣬵ˣʮļޣȻٲԸֻηˡ
ж۵ȻǺ޵ģϧûвԷݱ֮ǰԲҺҶ֡
ңȻǰ벽УԻⷨаλɱ˶ᱦ˼ƶһʱ̣Ҫõöˮϵˣֻа˼Ϩ
Ȼ˷ܣΪҪ´򣬿Ϊ͸Լ̫үүʱȴһȻ͵¥¥֮еһ䴫ʮ򣡡
ʲôˣ
һʼŭȻǴ¥һ˲ľ͸ˡ
ܽŸ󣬾ǽԼ汲Ĺ⣬ˣ֪Ÿ֮֮ףҪᣬֻܹʮŸˡ
㡭
ʮ򣡡
£ֻСһ֣Ȼ¥Ǹԥؼӵʮ򣡡
ڣǰ׺ͷһȻȥ
ʵҲЩŸе˿϶޷ȣȻٶ򣬵ȫ壬ƽ׵˴ˡ
һͻˡ
Լãˡһӣδպܺ뵽ˣ̹һЩ
ʮ򣬻ʮһΣʮڶΣʮΣϲ¥λŸĹӣɹĵرԺŮ͵ŸУա
һ±ٻЦתȻ֪¥λ˭ֻȻҲῪ˵ơ
濪ʼʮżƷΪѪԲ䵶һϹŴн׼ȣ
ļۣʮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡


462 ȼϣ
˵ԷƣնѰƷ濪ʼģ
նƷ
ֻ֣˲䣬̨¾ͺ䶯˶̨ŮһѪ
Ѫʣ˲䣬һĨѪ磬ֲ̨Ѫ֮˵ıǿס
һޣȡһѪԲ䵶ֻһ
ৣ
һ죬£ɴֽѪɫ䵶ʹмһһ㻮۶û£Ѿһ룬мϿڴ⻬£ɼˡ
ȻǺõ
˶֪һʮϣӲ̶ȣһƷȻ۸ѷһЩۼӲȴȡ
ʯնϣƷȻҲпˡȻһƷԣ۾ˡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ʮ򣡡
ܿ죬˵ļ۸ͱˮǴߣٶеͣߵңõ֣Ծۡ
գ˵ʮ򣬷űһͷͷңݵĺ¶۵ߡ
ڶʮƷ
ʮһ
ʮ
ʮ˼
ɵĽУ˸ĵõһöˮ֮⣬䣬Ӧѩȣδ֡
ͬʱҲһŮֶһУӦѩڵУУ治⣬ոյöˮ
ɹ֧Ů֮ӵУĦöˮ򣬸ܵһɵĺ⣬ͷ׳ʣȻû֮ܣܸܵͬ
ԱߣӦѩ飬ձѩȣЩĽ
̿ɣӦѩ飬һλڣҲǿѧϰǡĵһģԶˮϵľҲ
Ѿʼģ̣û֡
һˮ³ˮϵľһ棬ǿö࣬ԣҲͲ
Ͼ֮棬ûʲôܸͬ

ʱһһȥڣϰ볡ȫʮ˼ϡȫ꣬ţ䣬滨ݣмƷҩ
ڶʮ˼Ʒһδ˵鵤ʮĸ߼ۣˡ
ϢʱֵˣҲǴҴỻȡɹĻˡ
һֻаʱǰʮӣǰļ󣬼ֱ֮չȥ
ֱչ۸ޣóȥģȴֻгʮɹϵƷ
ҲΪ̽ʱ䡣
Ͼ᲻ƵΪ㿪ȥģûһۼ򵥵ģʮϰ٣ǧĶҲֵһᣬû˿ϡ
ˣ᲻ôˣ볡ĻƾҪвȥˡ
̨±ٻʱݳ֮ŸһƬ˳䶯
ټʶղЩ񾺼һĻˣտʼʱʱȴ궯Լɹ޷ѹƷľġ
ĳԼдõƷǱض֮ڲ
ԣ±ٻտʼ˵»гϢʱ䣬˻мʱ򣬵˴ʱȴһֱڵȴ
±ٻݳ˲䣬ˡ䡱һȫźļ±ȴʱ䡣
־һĻᱦˣ׷ӵһʱεΪ׳ֻۡˣȻ캬Ц⣬ȻĲƴߣʹǸղĳ棬ɲľ壬ԶڵµľĻᣬҲУг
״У˸û㹺ʲôѩձͫˣӦѩ鶼Ⱥ˳ȥ
ң⻻ҴҵԿǵ˽մҵ飬õļʦкܶ࣬ÿһС䣬ò˽룬ʱҪôϲɫҪôһɥơ
ûдģȻȻʣ⻻£Ӧû㹫ʣ˳Կ
ȻҪ׬ͷ϶Ҫģʮ֮һӶ𣬾ǵ档
ڼɹ˵ʮ֮һҲǲԽܵˡ
Ȼ۱ǡ
Ͼټǧʮ֮һܲʲôһʮɹƷֵʮ֮һܾһ
ʮ֮һǴﵽʮ֮ޣȻܲۡ
Ҳ޿κε顣
ȻӵмֵƷģҲǵȶһȥŵء
ԣȻҲǺԳֵĳ档

ǰ棬ˣҲվȴţͬʱҲ˼ŵҪЩʲôȥɹӦ
̫Ʒ϶ǣ򣬺ˮ澫ʦ͸ĸرͨ쳹ȡдá
ʲôҲЩ
ЩƷȴʲôûʲôãȻԺδòȻ²Ҫġ
磬ڣʥѻǼƷ磬֧סӰϡرѪֱ磬з绨
˻ħ컨ʺʹãûãȴԳۡ
⣬ǰƷĸ齣һαȭףǿԳ۵ġ
мȴҪ£ڵҩܴҪԺ̽顣
ͬʱϵصĽɫҳƺְ̺أҲܽ۳ʱδŽɫҳʲô֮ǰҲҪ¡
⣬ڣʥϵЩںѪлõˮڶħȪ֮ףаħǧĵطõЩħʯħȡ
УɱħõһЩϣڰУɱβϣȵȵȵȡ
ţЩҲܻһʲƵɹ
⣬ĵ
ʶ̽봢УһԼƷȷϵҪЩóЩ£űһ̧֮ͷȻǰˣѾֻʣһˣʣˣѾ뿪
ٵƬ̣һ״ת˽ȥȥһʱ˳΢ЦŲȴһࡣ
вãԼʱòĶ˻ᣬЩֵߵģЩħʯħǵύ׼۵ľųɽһɳᣬǰ֧һʱɹʱɹ಻һС֡
ѹˡ
صŸ󣬷ӦѩѻһЦһоڲС
ȴƬ̣ȫʱ漴ʼ


463 ȼУ
һɫۣ˵ġ컨ӡ±ٻһЦݵ̨
ˣһʱļλҪƷѾȫųϾҪԴҽйĿ
Ҫ˵ļǡһΪ漰ߵݱƷֻ˵֣˭
ҲΪ˷ֹҪ鷳ֻҪ֪ЩƷȫˣ׳ļɡұʵǻ߼ʦһһʵɿһ⣬һԸеΣԴҷľġ
ᣬɽ۵ʮ֮һΪһйʶžͲٶ˵
Ե¸λõĽȫȥʮ֮һľųɣϣˣ²ҪõɹָеԾɡ
ƷģɿѾǰԭ۳۸һᣬóͬȵɹƷء
ЩƷѾԤ׼֧һ㣬Ҳϣˡ
ˣʱ䲻࣬ϻ˵棬Ŀʼ
֣΢ЦڵһƷĳλңԶ֮ش˾䣬ΪһѪĻľ˵ԼĻС
ĳλǿһЩǿߣƾѪĻľٱлڼʮ꣬˵˵ϣҲ˵
ԴԿɿϡ챦ļۣʮɹÿμӼۣõǧ
ѪĻľȻȶ
УһһѪɫе꣬Ȼ˫һӱ쳣
ţȻǿԼĻģȶǲġ
УҲ˫΢Уо˴ľ亱
ֹȻľĳ֣᳡˲䶯ôһ˲ֱӷ
ֶЩʢ޿˵òΪʹлľҲǱ𣬻ȡߵķݡ
ĳЩмǣң֧֣Ҫ˵֮ʱܱһݲл꣬пܵõ֧
㲻ˣ͸¶һЩϢԼһٶϵļ𣬵ȴһĽӰ˳֣ƲӣĪջ
ͬʱľֹ㹦ãĳЩ棬ĳЩѪϵϵˣý
ӵ˴ǵм档
ԲΣѪĻľ϶ᱻĳۡ
Ȼϣֻ̨ǼžƬ̺漴һ֮˷
ʮ壡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ壡
ʮ򣡡

ʮ򣡡
ڣӦѩȶòϴԼʹҲĶ
УλѪ˺ʮۺĿȴų̂ϣΪ֪ʮ򣬿϶ϡľ
ѰǣǿĴľˣҵõóһ飬ǲҲõóڶ顭
һ˫ѪӰ۾У·һȺдȻóľˣȻҲ֪ľ˲صüá
ҿĴ֮˶ʶ˿϶أ˵Щ۵УҲпܣĵأŸ֮С
ѪҲֻεķȴᡣ
ѪĻľȴܷΪдá
۸ˮǴߣڲ˷Ѫһ·׷ڣʮۣ岻һָģѪ飬һֻ˳ͼľ
˼״ȻЩᣬ۾ˣҲֻηˣѪ˵⣬ѪˣȴֻһЦֽľ봢Уã׵̨
Ȼ׳ʮȥȫңĵڶƷ
ˣӦŸ֮У㲻ֺܵţҲǵأ˶ֺŵĿˣȴû뵽һֱɽ¶ˮС
ʱһ֣ȴˣ˲Ŀ׷ײ²
ЩҲֻעһᣬΪļУϵ챦ϳ֣˵עַ׷תƣһϡλ۾ʹ˹ϡеѪĻľڴ֮УҲûжˡ

ڶʮƷһһΪﵽ׼ͻڵαڼβ׹ǣԼһѪ
ϲģ׼ۣʮɹÿμӼۣõһǧ
Ʒˮһĳһһϡ䱦¥Ÿ֮еߣڣһƷ֣һ䶯
¥ϣУǲ˫ĿһڳһҵƷô
۵ƷЩûдﵽҪֱԹ۳۸˻ᣬмƷȴǳʮɹĵޣܱõʱġ
԰ϡ֮Ѫ׹ǣ֮һȻδܳʮɹǣᣬͬһϵеƷҲǿ۵
óܱȵҪЩ۸Ҳ϶Ҫ߳࣬ʹȥһɣҲ϶ԭҪõöࡣ
ңֱȥ뻻ύɹгɣԣȻó
Ķβ˵ʦЩˣûͻƳɹҲβȷ˵Ҳһˡ
ȫǱڵһ飬֪ͷβûУУǲ۰ֻϧɱˣֻϵһЩεȲ˳ǿϡ飬ȴûг֡
ˣ֮һЩµļƷϣ׹ǼȿҩãֿҪһСƿѪǴ֮Ʒ鵤ĸоųϣвСĿܣƳδ鵤Ǵ˵鵤Ҳôһɵϣ˵Сп֣ܳô
ЩϣǷٶ࣬ҲԲƳ˵鵤ġ
öҪˣʮ壡
٣ʮҲߣҳʮ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ壡
¥ϣֺŸУ澺ĵòֺľ棬ͷҲǲɴϲ
¥¾ԽңֵɹԽ࣬ĵĶԽȻɴϲ
գһ־𣬴ﱻŵһλҰߣɽ۸Ƕʮǧɹˡ
λö˵϶ȥ飬ĳЩϡҩˡ
۳ǧɹֵܵģжʮǧ٣ɱȻĹۣʮɹ߳˲٣ӽɹ
¥ȱϣųϽɹ֮ûãһŮӦòǧɹ룬һϣɹִḻһ
⻹Ǹ߳Ϊ˺Ʒ
ǾԶħźУռЩƷ׵ħʯԼϡеĺħ
õħʯһöңħǾʮţӽһ٣ΣһȫһҲƷħʯٿţħʮꡣ
һʾ޴ĲƸ
۴ٽеʱᣬЩڴ
ֵܳϡգʲôۣ
֮βϵǼƷϣΣ
ò˷ܡ


464 ȼ£
һһϡƷ֡
ܿ죬ٴֵĵƷħʯħ
ħʯħǷģûһξȫ۳
ĥʯƹöÿʮöΪһ飬һΪ飬Ȼĳ֣һ޴ĺ䶯
ྺۣһʮħʯһλƤİ׷£ĳʮɹĸ߼ۡ
漸ȻѷһҲûͶ٣ڶʮ򣬵ʮ򣬵ʮ򣬵ʮ
һöħʯʹһʮɹ۳Ҫ˿۵ʮ֮һҲһٶʮ
һʾ޴֣ɳõĴɹҪࡣ
ȻûЩŽ¡
ЩȴԶԶȲˡ
ħʮ꣬ǷֳÿſŴΪһ
һεħ񣬼ֵʮɹڶȣࡣ
һһٶʮɹҡ
۵ɣٴνһһʮǧɹ
ˣֱ֪ӽ׸˻ƷڣʥѳѪ绨
ǼƷ齣ǰαȭףԼУɱıħȣѪѪл֪õˮȡ
ЩƷҲƷȻɹ࣬Ҳʮɹһ˲ұǡ
棬ɹһӳ٣ﵽ֮ࡣ
һŵ֡
ҲΪóһңʲôõƷȫһգһħʯħҲ½Ҫõŵĵط
һȫóֻҲ𲻱Ҫɧˣֻóһ룬Ҳù̫ˡ
˳棬ʮѵãֻһΣǲԸŹܹһǶͻƷдõƷԲԸ
ЩƷ϶Ҳˣۡ
Ͼ⻹ֻǽϰ볡ʮѾǳֻǵ׼ۣʮʮ򣬲ճɽۡ
°볡һЩƷԳ߰ʮ
ѹƷߣҲѰ£ոˮ֮ϣõö߽䣬ˮ澫;Ǽֵ˰Ʒ
ңֻǹۣõ⾺Ļ۸ԿܻߣգﵽһټʮҲпܡ
ԣܲ׼࣬õȹģľĻҲһƷġ
Ȼ϶ǼֵԸһЩƷͨƷȻǲֵۣҲࡣ
ǵƷҲģ⾺ĻᣬҲǿЩͨƷ
ΣһƷʲôˣֻϡ֮䣬ܶΪ߽һ档
Щ⣬ȴ֮еǣӦѩȻҲóһħʯħԶûֻ֮࣬һ
΢漴һ룬ҲͻȻ
ϣⶼʱãȴֵƷǿ϶ֻû뵽ϡ
ֻǣ͹˱˶ħʯħ飬ԭΪһԷų̫࣬˱˵Ļԣ۸µ
û뵽ΪûˣͻȻһħʯħ֣ȴϲ⣬ļ۸Ҳûв̫ࡣ
⵹һ֮ϲ
Ȼˣ֮ˣֻ٣Ӷ࣬ˣӦѩϵɹ϶ҲǱǡ
ȻͻȻֵħʯħӦѩ鲢û˵ֻǿǵĳ֣ףضӦѩ顣
ͺӦѩ鿴ħʯħ̨ϣһµһ㣬Ϊˣ䣬ѾЯôͬƷˡ
ԭڤҲУǣȴҲܳ֡
ֵɹļƷϣҲʧ٣ȻҲܳˡ
ʱ¶ħźˣˣһа䣬ȴΪȡаħǧԸƷķ䣬ûС
ѣȻ϶һЩûķ
ԣһЦһоڲС

һûг֮⡣
Լİʱм֮ϵıﱻ꣬ɹɻŮ͵֮°볡Ľڿʼ
ʱҲ뵽⻻Ǻơ
ǰ˵ɹѹһգú϶ûʲôˮûɹĶҲĲֵ
ԣмһʱģһǼȳʮ֮һˮ°볡ľıøӼɹһ࣬ճ϶𱬣ЩɹֻصƷϡ
һǵ׬˫ݡ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ʣµƷ̫ڴȻΣҲֻнܡ
ң˵д˵ɹϰ볡ĵò࣬ҲһЩˣһֱû֣ʱͬʱͬһƷûɹԷȴУǲǳԿ
ԣ˵ǻøлᣬԷϾһᡣ

ˣ
ЦȻġ컨ӡ±ٻ̨ЦݣȻղŵʱģֻǴмһ֣׬
Ҫ֪һˣ͸ȥʮɹⴿ׬˸Ѻͳأȫֳѵģôܲˡ
ϰ볡ʱģ°볡ľӢᣬÿƷĵ׼ۣʮɹϣ׼á
ȻƷҲԲôʧǡ
棬°볡ᣬһƷʽʼġϹȼһ
ȼڵҲڹӦһֱֶΣЩǳõȼѪ󷨣ѪȹƷȴһ
˹ȼԼ꣬ҲձȼգӶ޴Ĺ
ȻҲЩ׶ˣǾǣ˹ʹһΣʱֻܳһӣһӺȫΪ½ٰ˳ɣһ¡ԲҪ򲻵ѣʹô
Ȼֹ֮ʱȴǾطıرܡ
˹ͬһ㷨ڣҲ˵Էǿ߶һ̶ȵãǿͨȼѪط
ȼļۣʮɹÿμӼۣõһ򣡡


465 ѷ
ʮ򣡡
ȺУһССɧ
˶֣Щ죬漴һ룬ĬȻ
һǰ±ٻѾ˵°볡ᣬƷļۣûеʮġ
˹ȷЩ⣬ȻЩãȴܴ˵ʵΣ֮ʱȷǲɶõľС
Ҫǣ˹ڡ䣬ԻԪѾ˲ˡ
Щ߼һЩģѨѨڣڡԷǿ߶õģȴ֮١
ţֵȼţҲǰƷƷƷţڷǿУҲֻǡ޷Ϊ
һһʽͨʽڷǿУܷӳĪ
ȴ޵Ĺǵʵ
ȻġʮټҺУޱȡκһֵǡ
ѹ֣ⲿȼȻԷڶʱ򣬶ɴ󾪣漴Ĭⲿļʮʵ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

ų۵ﲻⲿȼĽмҲˮǴߣȻѨܶһӶͻƷûʲôǾ
ȼҪʵܣѵ˼ޡ
ΨһΪսİ취һЩ⹦
ȻҲԹһЩǿر߱׵ȡֶ۸񲻷ƣҺٳ֣һ֣ͱ˺һա
ڣ⾺Ļϣֵšȼһ֣ԣ˷
ʱһؼһʵԭͬһˣʱ򣬾ʾ

ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡

۸еʮҵʱ򣬼ҵľۣ΢ƽһЩȻ˶һЩ
ؼãǣ⾺ĸУĳļ۸ߡ
ôɹȴһЩرⵤҩԴȻδд˹ʱôǿ󣬵ʤڳ־ãûиá
ʮ򣡡
ڴʱ¥ż䣬Уִ
ٴγۣУձѩȣһ㶣漴˼ؿһۣ˭Ҳûжʡ
ûⲿȼڱصã˭Ҳ޷
ʱҴطԪѪͰĴæһ·еѨڡ
ȻԪѪϾһƷ׵ĵͼЧãʱЧ˻ԪЧѾ
ѨǼûκˡ֮Ҳ˵ŹеļޣҲǶԻԪá
ڣʵòȨһο
ǣǴ˵࣬Ҳ˭ףؽʱ̣һűطжҪ
ʱǾ֮
ԣ˵ʮɹٹһҲֵá
Ȼ۸̫ߣ϶ȥֱȥطţؼȻϡ٣мطܹۡ
ʱܻٵǮͬġ
ʮһҪ£Ϊܹڵ񹦣ͻƲ˷Ҳ˵طһӡ
ͻƷؼںܶؽʱҲشá
ԣݴʧ

Ÿе˲״˹ҪԿҲģЩԾ
¥µ˿ɲ֪ʵݣλ֮ǰѾۣһˮˣǼӡ񣬴˿̼ٴγ֣̲һ
ھĴŵˣһ⡱ʱ˲õԤУ¥ŸҲʼ֣Ŷʱˡ
ϾЩ˲֪¥ŸЩˣǽΪ¥Ҫôһ֮ҪôĳλʹǣҲܺǱȼĳĴ
ᣬֻʮŸƽʱȫǿյģ죬Ҳֻˣһ䷢ܲ飿
Ȼ֮Ͳ󣬵ǣ˭֪ǲĳλͽãʹЩҲǲǵġ
û뵽ΪͫĹؽƾ룬ԵõȨȴһ㻢ƤУ˼ƣء
Ȼˣ˿Ҳû׷˼λǿߣں
۸һ·jͻƵʮʱ˵Ϩͬʱ̽ȷһҪõⱾš
뵽ˣҲﵽⱾŵ߼ֵٸߣЩֵãΪ˵һλظˣЩҲͷ˾
գ֮ǣΪ϶Ҫ˾ʮµⱾȼȻʮļ۸
⵹һ֮ϲ
ȻʵûнʡɹǣʹֻǼ֮Ҳɹ
ҪǣܳɹԤ֮ڵļ۸£ѾĽˡ
ڼ½Уһѷɫڡȼʤһı׷׳֡
Ʃ԰ϴѪġƩǿİ֮Ұ͡绨ꡱƩ糤֮ޣɾ֮ϵġѩǧ֥Ʃһ죬ɢǧϼƷȼףҹ
ȵȵȵȣһһϡ֮
ЩƷĳ֣Ҳһĺ䶯УԾ⣬ʵ֮еǣмƷ˸ߡ
Ʃ磬еǼƷҩͱһаɭɭߡ
ֻüˣ֪ǺһУ֮õаɽϯӣ˽ףڤеС֮һƷ桱а䡣
ǳ¥£ҲǶ¥
аɽϯݣҲͬһ㣬˿ǿϵģǺٻƾԼݾռһŸȻֻǵֺţҲɼ˶Ͽɡ
һسɷˣȻΪаɽң˱˭Ҳ˵һͨ
乺ҲЩԾֲ֮࣬һ
ԷаħǧħȻ֪ʲôãȴŻ顣
аԴˣħΪ£ԲܷŹ
˱ˣԼˡ
ǣˣǼ֤ааħǧףǵĲΪҲͲڵа䡣
Ȼԭ򣬵ȷǵڣڤΪߣΪߣǶȥֹ
ڣԷȴ֮ػۣһϴѪ裬ʵҲаħ
ԷаħǧֻΪ̺ӴǴΪеħУҲеƺͿ뷨
һӦѩ飬а֮䣬Ͳ˼ߵˣϾ빲һ·ͬôõĶѡ
жŵѵһ죬ӦѩȻ֣˭£ѹ


466 
а֮绨ꡱ౻һЦߡ
ͬޱϤȻĹˡ
ûдǾһɳĴͷˣҲһ֪ɹǸˣ칤ɽϯӣİϻḡ
ǰõһöɫӣʮر
ڣһö˵һ˲ǧţ˲ַԲʮɷΧ֮ڵ찵ܷܶ㣬ҲʮʺԸ
󣬾Ǽ֮ޣ̫֮ϵıѩǧ֥ŵɴߡ
һο֣ҲһΡ
ȻѩʮرһЩƷ鵤ῴϡ
ŵӣȻҲףرûʲôȤЩϡҩ鶦Ȥ
ڣɴȺõƷ黨һ䣬ϴ軨ֵõƷһߣ׶ټڵռл֪õĳﻯλµѩǧ֥֮įˡ
Щ黨֮·ȻҲһ¥ߵøߣһս״ʦ֮
ʦУͨΪûʲôõģõװԼǸص
ĲͬʦһΪ̴ӣѧͽϰʦһżʦһżмʦһżֱ߼ʦɳƴʦ
ɴھмƷʦֻһɿʦʦż
ż֪ס˶ˣһԿ
ɴгһգܿʦżΪһʦӴ˵еʦûܡ
߽ϣǶףʦпܱ֮Ϊʦ
ҪΪʦҪƳһδδ˵ҩ
ʦҪƳһδ˵ҩ
ʦǸǿмСʣƳҩĴڡ
˵п԰ͻƷ֮컯ڱҩλбƷ
½ϣĵҩѾѿ
ʹУҲһŵĴе̣ǧǰŴģںϳˡ
֣ҲмУÿһŵļֵ߰þˣεȵĴƷһΪ֮

ǸӦ롣
žĻĲϳ½УʮƷѾִ룬ϡϣƷһһߡ
ĻĵҲԽԽߣ۸֮ˮǴߣʮʱѾнӽ򼶵Ʒ֣ʮʱưѾǰ϶顣
ȻһЩصĹӻƣͨ콣֣һֱȴ۳Լ֮һħʯħ񣬼ԼԭʣɹȻҲϰɹӦѩߡ
ֻ֣ûûнܵƣû̫˵ע⣬ֻͨ족ʱ鶯һ£ڳ˼ۡ
ˣȫ㲻׵ƣȴӲǱĳһһʮۡ
֪ΪֵǮӦѩöƣһıҲһ˿ЦݣһӣҲóöƣӦѩ飬ƺҪ
ĬĬؼöƵֺӣתͷûж࿴
Ϊšͨ콣ĳ֣ͨڽеβѹʱ䵽
ʮƷͨƷһʮѹᾺƷȴֻ
ɴ˿ɼĻǵӣǵĳ֣ҲȻһϵеĺ䶯˵
ûв´
һƷȻһμƷ
μƷʲôֻҪ־ͨ˫ۣȻóصĺϢһ̰ӽı飬ɼһߡ
䣬УѾΪϡ٣ڱĵ񣬼ƷѾ䣬һΪ۷ıС
ǣƷãﵽԪеʵеƸлá
ƷѾΪˣѨӣӵС
ֻѨУ㾫Ӣӵ޸ˣлá
Ʒ
ƷľУֻߣֱѩ佣ͻ
ÿһƷſµҪµĳ
ֻЩҴ壬ǿɣпӵС
һѨӣ޷Ⱦָ
һЩŸ߲㣬ҲûƷֻƷȡ
ֻЩΪͨ죬λҪոȨʵȨϿһ
Ӧѩʦ֮ף콣ķ벽ĸˣҲֻӵһƷǧҹ
߷壬ӵƷģķ塣
Ҳ˵ʣһ롣
浤һƷٻʥ٣ķ壬ûƷġ
˵ǰйһߣӵһıƷͲ֪٣֪ȥҲûгֹ
Ʒ
ǰһҲǷǿ߲Ⱦָǿ½ʮ֮
ֻһЩǿİ벽棬ۻʣˣżһߡ
ڣ⾺ĻϣȻһߴμƷ
ȻǼƷҲƷޣһ˿Ʒˣѹֵˣ۾ˡ
ȱУȥΪһŵĵ̴ڣѹܳΪξĻѹ֮һ
Ȼ۸Ҳ˴Ŀġ
μƷļۣһʮɹÿμӼۣõ򣡡


467 ڷ
һʮ򣡡
˻ȻȻֻƬ̣漴ְƽ
ȻǴμƷӦеļ۸񣬶۸񣬻΢ƫˣֻļۡ
ɽ϶һʮֿԴס
ߣпܡ
̨ϣһ۵ġ컨ӡ±ٻȻҲ֪Լʹǰôʱľٳ־ģЩƣ˴ʱҲɾһƣһɨ⣬ɢ⡣
֣Уһöɫһָ̣ͷģ·һֻӵչʾ
ʦءһ۷֮޽ӽڼƷ˵ƴ֮ʱԼƷҪƵģϧʱδԲһֻܳΪһμƷΪһ֮
ʦһʦҲΪԸɸȼȾ̹𹤡
֮ϣһܣһλʦΪӣΪѧͽ
ѧͽ֮ϣʦʦѾԿʼһЩͼķˡ
ʦһƷƷʦʼƷƷ
ʦƷ
ƷΨʦƶ
ϧ䣬ʦȼĴѲ棬ԼƷһһ
ءǧʱУһλžޣпܽʦĴڡ
ϧһ۷һδҲơʧܣֻΪ˴μƷջǱֻΪƷ
ʹǴμƷҲ󣬼˼Ʒ֮⣬ǿļ֮һֻصɢɢһʱĴμƷҲ֮ʧˡ
û뵽ȻһεľĻϳ֡
⻻ᣬĴȻͬΣֵȼŪȻļƷĳЩ潲ѾӵһݼƷˡ
󣬿һлؼףرֻҪΪأпȥǷǿߣҲ⡣
֮ٶ죬ԵٿߣС֮ơ
޵磬Ƽף磬ΪͻΣͷʽսУ춨ʤֵɱ
ˣ˵棬ôҿһͨ
һУʱڼʿ̧һ޴ƣΡΡϾ̨
޵ķоƷնƣһ׺ۡ
Ȼ
±ٻ״ȴֻ΢΢һЦûˣĵ󣬻һڵĹ⣬ֻһһļءһ̣۾һ֮ϣʹһƸ졣
ڹɳٿʱϵͼڣ᲻ɴݣƷնƵƣѾһĴָССס
Сģ紵״һһߣ±ٻ̧ƶЦ֪ʱ󣬾ȻֻһΣзɻС
⡭
һ̨̣˶վһƬȻ

ÿµƼǴμƷ磬ӰӶ㿴ʱѾ̴ķ㴩ıף϶ٲķ֣ûá
ǣҲдμƷϵףǣȻǲܵġ
ǵףֺαػҪμƷ
ŸУӦѩȣ۾Ķѡ
漴Ͱ
ףȶͲɹģ£϶ҲҪߡ
˼Ʒʵ֮ȫ֮УԾʤܹ²ӵģ޼
ָе
ûгȵ֮⣬Ȼĳ֣һĸ˾磬ǣ۸һ·ˮǴߣյ˰ٶʱһĳ֣ȴȫ졣
ٶʮ򣡡
¥¥ˮɶŸ֮⣬һŸ󣬷βд
ȻҲһŮӣ͵µ̨ϣ컨ӡ±ٻһö
ȴ֪ΪΣ޶˾һ䣬Ƨ֮⡣
λص칤ɽɽ벽ĸˣڷӡ
칤ɽɽ¥ӦѲ£ִֻһͻʦ֮칤ɽСˣλ׿ƵġڷӡڴƹܣȨƵλͬСɡ
ҲˣȻͬСɣȻ칤ɽˣǿ϶ûˡ
Ҳǡ칤ɽ϶͵õϢȻڷƽӲ칤֮壬ʹսҲһֱɽϡ
ƽµ칤ɽһսȴǷ
Ҳһλʦʦ֮ʱ֮Ҳ칤ɽôȥΪ¥ӦܵĽ֮ɡ
Ͼܲ͸˵ʧܣҲиĿܣͻʦΪ½ϣǧһɹʦ֮ʦ
ϣɡˣԺҲܸ㣬򵽸ˡ
֪칤ɽ֮ڣ֮ݣλΣպǵĵطȻвʣ¥ڷӱǸ۸֮Ҳû˸Ҿۡ
գһѹƷͱ޿ļ۸ֱߡ¾ǻᣬ˳һСȴҲûпɥ֮ɫһ˷ܣȻúڷӿϵĶ⻻պͷƱظˡ
˽֮һһֱһĴڣôԶǽССʧ󼰵ġ
뿪¥ϣб¶һһµˣͷңɴݣֻվͷ·һɽѹͷ
ɹڴˣ칤ɽڴ˵ķֲʧ㻻Ὣڴ½֮ء
䣬һֻ֣һƣ漴һ˻ûпζ΢죬칤ɽڷӵӰѾӷβż֮ʧ
˲ĬȻгź֮⡣
źѱߣǴ칤ɽǰ֣ǣȻ˭Ҳûп˵ݣǸǰݶûп壬ֻһɴͿǾݡ
Щ˲̾Ϣȴ˭Ҳûеӣȴһ칤ɽֲһλ棬Ƶĺڷӡ


468 СѨ
̨ϣһ۵ġ컨ӡ±ٻҲĿ¶羴źɴ˵ȥ
汻ڷµƣѾУʶ΢һ̽飬㿴ȷ̺Ŷٶʮɹ
һλ칤ɽҲһƭᣬ뵽ˣ±ٻУҲ΢һ
ȻԶңǾþӸλ֮ˣµһڵʵȨǰҲеη
ѸٽöɫװãȻɿ칤ɽֲ˿ǲᡣ
Եһ飬±ٻŻָ糣泯·Ц绨˵ˣ쾺ĸᣬѹƷȥһֻʣλˣϣҰգ
棬ڶѹƷ
˵꣬΢Ц֡
˶ͷؿǿһʱȴֲɶʱ۾ڴ档
һѹƷһμƷڶ
ֻ¸ʤһ֪ʲôϡ鱦
ر䣬ҩݣؿ󣿵ȵȵȵȡ
˲²׷ףһӶ쳤̨ϣȴ̨£ź컨ӵ֣һٸһ̡ͭ
֮ϣֻһС緽ľС
ľй£ŻľͼϺ֮ɫʾһ֮
ҩ
һ㶣漴ͲȤ
䣬ҩ࣬һĴڡšЩҩҲԱȵϴμƷ
Ҫ˵Խˡ
μƷȲϣܳΪξĸĵڶƷȻЩм
ǣЩȴһ˲뵽
ͨҩȻȲϴμƷǼִ˵еĵҩ
Ʃ磬ŴӲʹǰҪҲҪټۣĵرȥһһģĵǿܰͻƷ
μƷȻսȴû취һ˾
ۼֵĵǱȴμƷҪһˡ
£伴ʹֻżʣҲǰٷְܳɣҪ֮ϣһŽĵ̲лᡭ
ˣҲֵҩļֵ
ĪǣϺľʢŵģǴ˵
Щļࡰ顭ȻЩ֡
˵ĵʮһöԼöҪ֧ŰڵĻȡֵҩһö롣
˵ڸոյ۵ϣŻոսһöĵΪ˽ͣ͸ɳжйеһϯӣֿնɡڤ
䣬еڶöĵó
˲ҡͷ־üʵڲ
ţ𰸺ܿҪ
ֻǣĵǵȤػǣⳡᣬƱػˡ
УӦѩȣҲһЩȤۿ
˵ʲôĵҩ¾Ǵ˵еĵҲܹġ
Ϊ˵̫ңԶһЩ
Ǵ˵еĵɹԴס£Ҳ͸Ҫż
ԺûлᣬǣҲڵĽȥȡպһ߻ᡣ
ǣǻᣬֻ翣һɵ΢ʶѡ
ʲߵ˵һɶ

Ȼ̨ϣ컨ӡ±ٻһϯȴ˵˲һ㶣֮£һ䶯
ξĻᣬڶѹƷ˵ҩ֮һĵϡ٣Ƹѵģ˵鵤СѨһö
СѨļۣͬһʮɹÿμӼۣõ򣡡
СѨȻֵҩ
̨һˣޱ⣬һ󻩡
ĵҾȻͨ˸ûлõÿ֮꣬Уһˣһöֵҩ
ԣֵҩȻϡ٣޵磬ȴǴ
һֵҩΪͬѣЧȴȲĵԷΪ֪֪Խ١
ӡģûм
ֵҩǴ˵еģСѨ
ѨȻֹСѨ滹дѨ
СѨǴ˵ѨǸǱ֮ˣϹ䣬żһ֣䣬ǸܻдѨĴڡ
ˣʹƷСѨ˵̰ȴμƷ
ΪǴ˵УԸıһѨƷʵ浤ҩ֮һ

ֲΣ޵ھ
ԪѨףâ
ÿһ֮УҲгУ۷ȵ֮
Ѩһ֮УһҪģȻ۵ѨƷ
ѨһȷƷҶƷƷ
ƷƷѨǷǳټǧҲԸġ
Ȼܶ˲ʣȴҲ޿κΡ
Ϊ䣬һѨƷıʵ̫ϡ٣̫ˣûлõ
֮飬Ǿǵҩ
ҩִڣϹһƳǳеܣ޵֮ʿ죬ߵĴһ
УҲֻƷƷȵһЩͨĵҩ
ԽǸ߽׵ĵҩԽϡ١
ƷƷͲ˵ˣδ˵Ǻܶһֻţ޼Ʒ
ȻҲ֮ܳΪδ˵
ڸߵĴ˵ǾĳֻǴеĴ˵
ԸѨƷʣֻҩЧεһ֣СѨȴҲڴ˵һ鵤ˣĻᣬٵÿָ
ֵҩļֵķ񣬿


469 ҵϣ
˵鵤СѨһö԰1-2ѨƷֻƷѨƷѨ֮䣬ƷѨ֮Ч
棬ʼİɣ
컨ӡ±ٻһɫľУĿ⻷ƣ΢΢Ц˵
ȻСѨֻƷѨƷѨЧ۸
Ϊ䣬ƷѨƷѨ࣬ԼѨƷЩˣԸΪ֮ۡ
ȻƷѨƷѨˣ϶Ը۸
ֻдﵽĴѨЧȻᱳǳŪһСѨܿɹ
Ūһ˵ѾĴѨǻܵ飬УҲֲ
Ϊֵҩ϶ͱһЩԤˣﻹķݡ
š컨ӡ±ٻĻһ䣬̨
һʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
һٰʮ򣡡

һ࣬۸ڽڽÿһ۵ˣ۸ʮֹ
ȼҵľۣҲһЩ۲ᣬֻۺ죬ȴܲμӾߣһĿɿڴݳޡ
ݳôҲݳһѣϧûǮ
СѨֵۣǴ˵鵤û˵һλᣬҲһһλᡣ
ڴμƷֻǵ߸˵СѨʵĶ
ʱҪڸԼǰ;ɳǰ΢ˡ

öҩһҪ
öСѨֵһ˲䣬о˾
Ｏôɹȵľѹ֮
ڣһѹ֮Ѿߣȥܺȶٶʮߵļ۸Ҳûá
˵᲻ᣬعҲһ칤ɽĸ
ҴμƷƷףڵ˵йˡȶõ֣Ҳס
˽¼õȻصԼʹõһ졣
Ǵ֮ͥ£ĶͲʺ䵽ˡ
Ȼǻ
ȻμƷУȻкƷ
ͬףƷŵñȴμƷȻҲǷֻҲǲõȵĶ
ԭ뿼һڣöСѨ֪ĵģ䵽ȥˡ
ܵƷʲôҲû֪
Ϊʹ֪Ҳҿ϶ѱöСѨʺԼȻˣǾͲܷŹᡣ

СѨͬ
ƷҲֻţһɱ˶ᱦпʧȥȻۺ졣
öСѨ£϶ǵ̷
̷֮󣬻ΪҩѾʣ˾ۺ죬Ҳû취óˡ
ֱܲõڿĶӣСѨ¿ٳ
˵ЩûӣУĵؽ磬ЩҲû
һѨƷĴڣ޵ѣҲͲʲôˣҲֻűˡ
ԣȴμƷʺĶ

ңһֱԼʲ̫⡣
ףԼʦͣΪ⿴ԼԼڣֻڵĴŶˣҪ˵Ľˡ
һУⲢ˵ΪͻȻͱˡ
ʦǧ࣬ðΣգȥؾУѰҵһϹرϹ
ûöϹӦûлԪţпܣͻơ
ЩʱҪ
ЩʱޱҪ
һȲʶһ˵ǰӰ֮
ףԼʣ˵ֻ֮һʮ֮һ֮һĻᣬɾͷ
ԼûС
ԣΪܴǸĿ꣬⣬Ҫڵ̨
ԣܲӣܲ취
ڣõĻ䵽ǰȻֱӽʵƷʣѨȼͬ޸ʵһַʽ
ţѨƷˣʣΣ£΢ôһ֡
һǾ޻Ժô΢һϣ
Ȼ˵öСѨһܳɾͷ
٣ܱԭǰ;һƬڣҪõöࡣ
ʹֻ֮һĻᣬҲǻᡣ

۸ʼһپʮʱʼۣ򣡡
ȫ
ȻⲻǵһξĻϳĸ߼ۣȻⲻһγۣ˻ǻһ¡

Ǽ
Уļҵˣ˷Ĳ˿ֲĵ
ˮȼڣִöСѨ⣬ѵԷɹǻ
ЩȻ֪˭óɹ
Ӧѩһպڶħź֮ףһħʯһƬħҲòɹ
ɹɰ˴ŵĹ׵㣬ʹ˴űв࣬Ҳ벻һʮǰм䷶Χ
ԣɹ൱ЩڲĹ׵ǧ
ȹ׵㣬ܹƷֻ¶ѻɽˡ
ѰӣһЩŸ߲㣬ò˹ֲĹ׵㡣
⼸ĳЩСңȫ֮ܺͣһУ˲ģֻҲָˡ
ԣѹЩ˳Ծ졣
Ҫǣ֮ǰǼѹ֮μƷǱָеĺڷߡ
ѵڣͬһĻҪݣ
Щѹ֮ֻ¥ϵŸʸռУ
Щ˲ɶӦѩеļʵݣ²硣۷׷
û֮߳ǰ˼ضԱȻǲǵʵݵġ

ڵ˵Ĳ²⣬Ȼǲ֪
֪Ҳν
ڱص֮ģСѨĳܳܵĺۣҲֻˡ
ʣٶɹʲôãһĵرҺȥҲΪǣδؾͱʲôСѨˡ
Ȼֻʱ
ڳԶ֮ƿһֱǺبͷһ̣һԿԽǵ蹵
ǵǵ蹵ǰЩͨҲûУȴֲֵһˡ
ԣСѨġ
ǻûͻƵѨ۷壬ֻΪͻƷ׼
һ浽ˣǰľڣǰȥ·ʱ취ǳˣٺĪá
Ҳ̫ġ
ΪףСѨȶȻ󣬵ҪĶǺˡ
ǿԶƷѨƷѨõĴѨⳡĻᣬһȥ϶˳֡
ʱѲɹܾˡ
СѨõȺޣֻƷѨƷѨܷá
ˣȻҲš
ţɾͷĻҲãԣţǵͶʣޡ
ǸˣһöСѨ󹦣ֻһƸпܡ
ͨˣѻܵ˾޴һɹ
ΪԼ򣬴ſ϶Ը
ٶɹˣʱƷѨģ϶һСѨ͵һƷѨӶʮ
СңңЩƶˣѨ۷棬һ֮ᡣ
˥˥ۣǰޡ
ΪԼһ˶ݵʱһѨƷսҲ٣Ϊȥ˷һأϾĺ·չֻҲԸ
ԣգöСѨʵ޶ĳһڡ
ǣĳЩУΪı汲ˣ߼ۣǣֵͶʵĺˣҲǲģˣעҲϡ١
ˣöСѨ۸񣬿϶ǰڻȣ棬۸֮ΧƱػ˥

ûв´
߼֮Ȼĵ˻ʮǾĵļҳ̶ȣ»Ρ
۸֣ռ۸ﵽʮʱ򣬾ĵ˼٣ģѾֻʣˡ
ˣһһСļ
㾡ȫ֮ҲһöСѨѾһʮˣ໹жʮûҪ㾡ֻ֮Ϊ˶ʮĶҲá
ԣʮ򣬹ƾ͵ļޡ
ˣǾУ֮һȻҲһһˡ
ȻˣҲһƷѨĴڣԼʲһ¥Ҳ֪Ū˴ʲƸ
ˣΪԼģ᲻ϧۣѲĴڡ
ţԷϵɹܱȵùԼƶ
Ͼĸˣõóɹøɳ᳡ġ
һˣһϸ
ϸĿ⣬ϢӴ󣬿ΪѨ۷֮
ͣСѨ벻ΪԼãΪơ
簮ϧһд۵ĵزıۣӦҲޡ
ĬĬشˣ²λͬʱҲһڼԼʣɹܸ


470 ҵ£
ԭɹһǰʮ
ڹһԪһ޹ĽԼˮֻȥʮ֮ʵѾʣֻ࣬ʮ
ʮ򣬼мϢʱ䣬۵һƷħʯħѪ绨βϣȵȵȵȡһջٶɹ

Ʒ
Ʒֱϰ볡رˮԼϹطȼֱֻȥʮʮ
ΪӵǱԭƷ۾۵
ջȥģֻһǧ
ʣµģҲǧѾ쵽ͷˡ
¾СѨʱֻҪԾ۵֧ʣɹ಻൱ܱٶʮҡ
ٳûа취ˡ
ףһѹƷ󣬶ĵٶʮ򣬶һѹ۵ʽ£СѨԲٶʮͿͬġ
ϵɹԶԶﲻСѨ

ԣΪȷһֽйߵŮ˼䡣
ŮԣĿ¶ϲɫ˵ͷȥ
Ƭ̣أֹԼ󻹸һ׷ߡ
˵λӣƷҪѺһ᣿
׷һ΢Ц˵ԤϵһȥʲôƷ
Ȼ
һ֣ǰ֮ϣٴζһѵԲʯʮ꾧Ө
ħʯħ֮ǰѾϽ󱦻Ὰһݣһݣ󱦻һοۡ
ΪʱĻѾɣȻһħʯħ񣬿ɲ޷ٿһᣬԼ۸϶ôߡ
ǰ֮ЩļֵŻҲһ̫ӵļ۸
Ȼ
׷ֻЦеЩ£֣վͷȷ̺Ũħ֮ħʯħƷ湫óĵһģһֺ
ҪЩȫֱ۳һ᣿
׷¶ɫָԸٵһʱ䣬ǻص½һᣬҲӵ۸Ҫϸһɡ
ҵȲˣʼɣ
˻֣ɫ˿ԥص
ðɣ
׷߼״ҲͲٶȰϸһ£ſڵóƷħʯһһٶʮţҲǺ֮ǰʱΡ
˵ͷּ˵֮ǰʱĻϣӵħʯÿһĳļ۸Զʮ򣬵ʮ򲻵ȣǣȡмۣʮ򡣡
۳һɵӶ𣬹ӿɵöʮҡ
ͷ
׷ߵȻˣҾʮһ£֪ӿ飿
ԣ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ʮȻ֮ǰԵЩʵҲûͶ٣һҲͿһɹ
ⲻǾģֱᣬ۸϶֮ǰļ۸񣬵һҲӦ֮塣
ͬ⣬׷Ҳһ漴Цݡ
һ£ʦȻҲвٺô֮ǰӼ۸ˣڿˡ
ңļ۸񣬵ȷҲȽϹ
û⣬ħķʽ˳ȥһóʮ˿ħͬΪΣһʮɹһʮ
ħʯϵɹﵽپʮҡ
ˣһֳļߡ
ûʲô⣬СѨҲԴĻзˡ
֮ľģСѨļ۸ڲǣ۵ˣʼֻάС棬ˣԼϸ֮䡣
ûгϡ
һ˳ĵģȻС֮СѨļ۸ͻʮ֮ͷ˾ģһɰɥ̾һɻλ֮С
ֻǶ̶Ƭ̣ͷϣȻһƬ亹ϸֱֲܷʱʲԸпղһ¶ͷ
ʾŸղŵľģνţʹĿġ
ֱ֧˳һֽѡ
ڶ˳ϸ
ܲԼ´
ҲСѨҲԷãѾнľͣλٸߣҲֵˡ
ˣʮѾĵޣҲɴɼλ˵ĳ谮
ٳ谮ҲмޣգǷˡ
ֻǷ֮ǰЩʣ޺޵صڵŸһۣճĬˡ
һģꡣ
֪ݣΪǵڶλģû뵽ֵľȻݲ׵ϸá
գǱ׷ʮ
ӣƺɲļޣֻǲԸٸȥˣֹͣ
۸ʮҲһͷðֱ˳Ųһյɳ
˵ʮ۸ѾЩСѨļ޼۸ˣ׷ȥ֪򲻴ס
ʵڴסħʯħ񣬵ΪһСѨǾֵ̫ˡ
ңԼļλ֮ǰͣס˽Ų
ʲôݣգһҵľ֮ڳɹöСѨȨ
ŮѨ͵ڵŸȥʮɹ֮Ҳɵһᡣ
ûԥֱӴľУһ۴Сɫɢķδ󵤣ֱһ븹УȻĿ
䡣
Ϊ˾СѨҲҵˣϲõƷһջĴħʯħ񣬳Сݣһա
ѹƷʲôûȤȥˣȤҲû
䷳գ֪ɴͲ֪
СѨȶվ̫ϣֱӷ£˱˵ĺá
ȻСѨһڣ˲仯ΪһŻȻ˳ŽҺ˲λ
գŻסİѨںϣɢ˽ȥ
ܵŮӦѩ飬ձѩȽŵע֮£ɫ죬ܻһ㣬ҲҡҡλΣͬȡ
Լһյʱֺ
ͣھֹסˣɫȴ԰ֽ۾ȻͲסۡһ³һѪ
³еѪ֮ϵϢȴȻһգ·ο
һ˲Ļˣȫܵһɲһơ
ϣ¶ϲɫ
ѨƷڳɹˣ
СѨȻ鴫һξףﵽСѨҩļޡ
ֻǣѨӦýʲô֣Ҳ֪
Ϊʱĵ֮ڣ̷СѨ֮󣬺ȻѾΪһƬɫ
ѨΧͬһƬԴԴѪһߣβΣԭǰѨЩơ
еĵطƺԭȫͬˡ


471 һƷ
ԭİҰСֻԭȽûʲôâ
ڣһȦѪĲǣâ࣬ƺЩۡ
ϸһȥâ̳ڰμߣͷβʹµѨһЩԡ
ĸܣԼУĵٶȣȻࡣ
ƷѨƷֻµȣһϢָĵֻĶٷ֮һ
ڣԸоԼڣһϢָĵԭ屶ﵽʮ֮һҵ
ٶȣƺ
һֲܿ
ûнƷǣҲף޵磬ΪʲôƷѨֻͨĵӡ
ֻеƷƷϣӲнϴǰ;
ΪƷѨʮϡ٣ÿһ֮ӣнϴͻƷ
ƷѨƷƷȻܴﵽܿɹ󣬰γӡ
㹻ԵﵽѨ۷壬벽ʲôѵ顣
콣ԭ棬˸ѩѣ׵ȼ֮⣬ǰİ벽֮һ
ҲֻӵƷѨѡ
ҡ
룬гһգԼܵõһŴѨǲǾܽƷԼʵĲ㡣
漴һЦ
˵ѨѰѰ챦һССѨڵܹõܣ
Ʒһֻڷ֮У´ѨѨϵƷû˵ѨС
ҪǣʵҲԷôѨ
ȻѨһĵȽףǣѨȴ浤ʹõӵи࣬Ӳ˼á
ֻһʾֵǡ
Ϊ˵ףѨֻеѨ۵ĵ㹻࣬ѹ㹻ʵʱ򣬲пܣһ죬ѨӶ浤
浤һɣҲνķ֮
ѨǷĳΡ
ѨĵȽףôҪϵѨʱָٶȣҲϵţպ۶ɵķǼƷ
̫ͼѨû۳ɷĿܡ
ΪѨɲعںϡ
һ˿壬޷ʵﵽֳ׵ľġ

ҡҡͷȻûһٴƷѨƷѨЩźܴƷƷҲʮˡ
֮ѾԭԤڡ
ԭΪһƷƷƷͲС
ʮɹĸǳֵˡ
ʹţڵĲ
ϣԾǷȱѨһ棬վӭͷϣЩ߱ȼ硣
պĽȻŲɹá
ʮɹùһμƷʲôһЩĵرȻҲΪսķչȴԲСѨҪ
УʣʮɹѾ׼ʲôˣصȴžĻĽ
ʮɹڱȻɲǸС֣˾ĻǰڣʮͲֵһˡ
㺰ۣҲͳˡ
ԣԵѹ֮ŵľǹһͷʲôһԼĺ档
УȴѾţջ֮󣬽г̣֮Ҫķˡ

СѨ֮ͻȻһ֮İɫ֮Ŵ뷢ġһ졣
ĸˣ죬ܵο׷ʲôµһЩˣʱɻһ
ЩˣԭĵСѨʱ˿̣ȴƺ;ɥ˫ȭá졣
СӣȻĸĴŶֱӾżöСѨˡ
֪ոշʲôµˣȻףƽѵһλд漶ϡҩ֮һСѨѾ˷£˼ʹжΣҲòˡ
Ȼ˲ʵߣȴ޿κΡ
գֻ÷Ȼ¡
СѨжô󣬵ͳһƷѨӣڴ˶ԣȴֲֵһˡ
ΪԼˣںǼƷǹϵܡ
䣬ƷѨ˶ţëʤһӺ
̨ϡ
һۣ컨ġ컨ӡ±ٻҲɲȻһЦ漴ζ
Сӣд
ЯСѨ߳ĸȻнֹɱ¾ǣֹһıơ
ϧ㣬ֱӾ˵ϣȫ

ɹˣ
Ӧѩ飬ձѩȣŻӵվһڴʵ
š
˵ͷ΢΢һЦȴûκνɫ
ΪףʹСѨѨƷһƷȻЩ֮ӣЩԶԶǰ档
˿̣ǰӦѩ飬磬Ǹɲ⣬ԿΪͫ
ԣԲ὾
ˣҲǳĳϲ
һЦоڣ漴ͷһŴʯּ֮תͷ¥̨

̨ϡ
һ£컨ġ컨ӡ±ٻЦݣתʮȽϷŸ󶼿һۣ·ǿˣ˱ҡ
ŻڣЦȻ⣺ѹƷҲǱ쾺ĻһŴҶڴܾˡ
ҲʲôӣƷ޵磬ΪѵһκζҪϡģ֮
ǧҶѨ·ãʮ¡ѨϷãﵽʮꡣ
ļۣɹÿμӼۣõ򣡡
䣡
컨ӡ±ٻһ仰ڣĸȻڣƷ
ɣţϲӣ˵Ķ䡣
ǧҶ
ôܣĻ֣
ѨѾãһֱҲͻƵ񴹴ӣۿûм껹ɼһֱҲӦĽӰ֮ˡڣܱ壬϶һƼ̲ǧҶұ֡
˵ɱˣɱҷ޼ݺһٰʮأۿԪʱȴһҩǰ֮ˣǹһ
ԪȻӳԪ֮
𾪣˼֮Ĵ˶ͬһ顣
һЩӻãԪоãǧҶĿɹ󣬵Щһӣûû湻ֻһͻĳƿ߻δ֮£ˣ̫̫࣬ˡ
ԣ±ٻ˵֮ΪûʲôԪһ˸Ҫ
ûˣٶرкã˺ˣֱӱȥ嶼ס
ԣĺ䶯񣬿
ϾܹӳԪ֮ʵ̫ˡ

ݵĳŹ󣬾ǻɽһķ
±ٻһ֣һˣֶһ֮һ໺̨ʱȷǧҶ٣۵һ˸߹һˣûжϹ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
򣡡

ɹ·һ֣ٷ󲻿ɼı˶ûаһɻ¡
ߣȱǰҲֻһ֡
֮ǰμƷ󣬴˵鵤СѨȴﵽļޣֻգ۱㱻ˢ£ڲϱԽ
뿪ˡ
ǲԸٴȥˡ
һΪԪоãˣˣǧҶȻ󣬵ؽ֮
ҲǴֵģأ϶ҪһѪȷ
аڸ߲ѹֻɵĶңҲС
һƷȡһ治֪ʲôİ
һǳ״ˡʹպص½ҲԲֵ֡
ΪֻҪ뵽ûˣ˻֡
ֻ΢ɨһۣܿõһСˣ۾ˣǶҰǣ߹ԡ
ĸڣھһҩͰֻҪһߣܵȼǳĶҡ
ûܶ
ˣܹٵı̫
ЩߵͷˣΪ˴˵Ը⸶һУһЦ̸
ԣΪ˱뼴ķ籩֮Уˣǵǰ뿪ĺá
ûʲôˡ
뿪֮ǰͷһ걻ǧҶ
һǧƬҶӣ·һӵ죬˸λĹڵƹ£Ө͸
⳯ϣ߸һܽһչȴ߷ɵķˣֻһۣƲ۾
ۼ
ҲҲΨϡ֮ܳƵϣĻһƷɡ


472 
ûټа䣬ḡɴˣΪˣѾǰ뿪ˡ
еССź˴һ𣬲֪ʱ
һͬԶʮˣѾ룬ټˡ
ʣµһСˣҲԻعţӴһˡ
Ȼ·ԶֻҪԵܻټ֮
ֻǣ򵱳ǰؾۣȴֻǣˡ
ڡ
ۣͻб롣
һڲϵ꣬ط֮꣬жȹһߵϡ
ľð飬ֻҪ֮ʱйЦǾ㹻
дľأҲǰպУڸԵǰһݶ

ص֮еһң
Ҫŵǻһϵʱ䣬ҲˣУһϡ
ǲפֱӻع½ܲ
Ϊɢȥԭνһ˵޴ڵıҪˡ
ˣ˵һΪˣѾǰŸŵ䴬صԼڡ
ϥһУǰͳһѵƷ
˴ڻϵһ
Ʒ޹ĽһȡԭαὣλƷȣпϽ
д֣Ľ
Ҫģ򽣵֮ܣȻãչǻᡣ
Ʒ䣬ˮ澫һöʦý߽׻þһҪƷֵ
ؼȼһ
д˹ġԪѪڿޣٵʷʹݵˡ
ԪѪ·Ļȼ·ߣԴл֮ʣһò˵ʮֳɫɱﵡ
رˮ򣬿һˮ֮ľĻᣬڻصţʼѧϰڹʱͿʹá
֮⣬д˵鵤СѨһţѾãѨһٴԭƷڵƷʵǡ
ЩʮҪس
󣬾ǼʮƷˡ
ԱԵĸƷ֮һ쾧ţһöɫ޹ƣͨԼһ亱Ѫ
ƷУ쾧ͨ񣬶漰꣬ʶȷѪȴֱӷãѪʣҲһ
Щ֮ʵһƷǼƷ̽͸ѩ
Ҳòϣ͵˳ˮ顣
ˣһ˻֮У˵˼ɹʧ˲ٶõջȴԶԶ񣬿ɳƵض顣
ֵˡ
Ǿգ۸ϵѩձһڣڹʱˡ
⣬ôϾ˼һԪᴿԼĵΪͻѨڣͼҪ׼֮⣬ҪģǸϽȼѧᣬ̷ˮ澫߽׻üйǿһʽˮиˡ
ǼвģԣһУҲ
ͳе깦˼ۣһƬģ֮ͽ¡
Ȼ󣬼ϵǱȼؿһʱ֮󣬾ͽصй·ߣؾȫС
һгһ֮ȼյǰջ٣ȴ̾һ
ȹȻطǳ˵ˣ϶׬һʡ
ǣȱؾȴԽ֪Խãȥ׬Ǯ뷨ȻԼѾѧᣬ⣬ǳȥΪá
ջˡȼ̷֮һöһԪĬĬһȦһȦ
ϣϵĹâ˸Ǵ֮ʱ״ƣʱһоͿˮɡ
ڣĵʵۻò˼飬ƣСɣͻѨڣָֻ֮¡
⣬Ȼһ֮ϲ

ڶ죬У
ͷһ𣬴ӱչоѹһУ޹ĽС
ʰϵĶŶ
һţͿ˷ӶæµȺһִ£ӣڻһЩأϰᡣ
սˣǵķֲҲûʲôˣս֮ջʣдûϣʣһƷҪһͻڡ
һĻ֪ڵʱ̵ˡ
ûǰæΪҲ֪ﲻʲôæⶼִͨµ£ڱУҲһλ߸ϵĶӣɳжĴ֮һ
ȻȻܻ֪ѾΪһУӦѩ鲢Ƶĵڶ콾ˡ
⣬û뵽ġҲһ֮ջ
֮Ѿ쳹½
ţвμӹɳжʮˣŵģѾȥģѳΪһʱĴ档

ԡϣһ⡣
ңԶûеӸҿڴʱӦѩ飬ձѩȣҲ֪ټʱѵҲȫŶ
ЩһΧ˹
ǿûֹ˼ɣ죬̸Цһ֮ǿУҲ֪գĻ󣬹ȻһСĶҡ
ûһصǣһλǿ֣߳İɹ޿ɵǧҶ
һλ֣ˣȻٲʣٲԸȴһ˸ٳۡ
һڣȻ
û뵽Уһ󣬾ȻһλǿߣȻҲֵȼᣬʵŵһ˵°͡
һ¡
һλ֣ѹ˲㼤ľ޴ĳͻԪ˵޵磬û˻Ҳһ
Σ黨䵽һλܱڱҪǿһЩ
ϾÿһλĴڣѹ½˵Ĵڣʧá
ܶټʮ꣬½༸ʮ̩ȻȻϲ
ովսңʹǣҪƽƽʹͻָ
׼ˣ
һкʣѾϣһλλӣᳯ֮ȥʱ˺֡
ʦ֡

ͷϤӰһҰͷĻ꣬һӡ
ʱϲɫ
ϲãǷģü˵Ļϲ
ư֣ӣ


473 ɽˮϣ
֮ʱ֮ϣưһŽʯ̨ΪЦ̸
Уڲͬĵӣȴ֮£񽻣Ӵ˳ΪУѵõļѡ
ͻƻԪǰ뿪ս֮Էֿ
ֱƣ¶ͻƻԪŵ֧ԮԱѪǰߣȲٴ
ǣûãٴḡа䣬ڤȣǰ󷽣һֱ¡
ٴȻ˲ͬ
֣Ҿ˵һټģȻû
ƣ¶˼ߣһһң˸
ӵãŷſһЦ
ø֮䣬ڽģһӵ㹻
Ҫ˵˵Ļ䡣
ִӻͳСƿݸƣ¶ˡ
ҲûԥŤֱֽӹ뻳УЦسл
֪ݿɲһ㣬ͳֵĶǣȻ쳣
ߣѣӦѩ飬ѩձ飬ͫȣͻѨ
ƣ¶ˣΪ𲽽ȴѷһֻڻԪ۷š
սĻҲ󲿶ӼһЩɹ
Ȼ࣬Ҳ㹻ǻ֮ΪͻѨһ׼ˡ
ϴɣϴ֮еʱ𡣡
һͷ󲿷ˣѾ׷׵Ϸ֮漴һͷк˵
Ҳá
ƣ¶ˣӦѩ飬ձѩ飬ͫˣһŷݣϼװ塣
ڼװ֮ϣһλŮӣǱߣ΢ЦؿҲ
ʦá
״һϲȻ֪ӦҲߣҲǰԱعţٴȻҲһ֮ϲ
Լ׼һƿƷԪ͵УʹͷɹһЦ
ˣһоˣڻ롣
Ӧѩ飬ͫ༸ˣǺСӵĳԱ
ȻսĻ⺮СӣȻҲٲڡ
ֻǣȥǷ꣬ȴսĽɶĻԶ棬վ㡣
⣬ư֣ӣ֮⣬ʫ˪Ѻѵй֮ͬĶӣҲڴϷ׷׼
ֻǣǶӣ߸ϵʱֻһˡ
ڣ˰ڵķϣǣֻһͨĶӣȻҲһЩվȲֵӦѩˡ
ü˵ı飬Щӡ
˸ҲͬμȴûͨҲֱܹˡ
ңӦˣðΣ󷽣壬ȻǻǸмģԵҲûжټʵ˼
ֻǣ̸֪ͨȻһΣȫʤǣ׷սУܲһ˳ڵӣԶ׷ɱ·ϡ
ʶģͬ̽ĹأȴˣҲˡ
ˣһ嶥ӣһ⡱ǧԼ浤嶥ӣ޻ڡѩ÷

ⳡսУõȴⳡսУڰҹγ٣Ҳ޷
ԴˣҲֻ̾ϢһȴҲ޿κΡ
ΪѼߣڤ׿ȺԼϯӣɥˣͨ壬ʲô֡
սϣսˣֺֹ
ʮٸǧԼ壬ҲֻеȸڻȥϢ֮ҲܸƽʹظԻ͡

ȵķ׷׵ۣƬʱֺڷֲѾǨһգҪʣڳԱȫۡ
ˡһݣ£źϣܵתʮоſ𣬻
ȣûزգվڴͷң£ԽԽСǣԽԽԶսĿ⸴ӡ
ĳЩ˵ҲĳЩ˵ء
Щˣǳ飻ЩˣóߣӴֻܴʷᣬʷᶼûУֻܴ߼˵̸Уżἰ
ԽԽߣԽԽߣƶˣµǣ·һСУٲɼ漴ת򣬳½Ϸڵķ򣬷ʻȥ

ʱơ
תۣѹȥʱ䡣
֮Уȣżװ֮ģ󲿷ʱ䣬ȴǸڴ֮бչ
Ҫ򣬱ԼµõطȼԼǱΪأϹش깦
ȼܿţΪѧϰԪѪĹϵȻⲿҪһЩƾʱԣûлãͽѾ
깦ʮָӣ㻨˰µʱ䣬ҲֻǿһСݿһݣΪо˲˼飬ɲ⡣


474 ɽˮУ
깦ͬһƬһӾ
Źʮ⣬еľ֮ĥ꣬ϴʶմﵽΪͻƵЧ
˵Źʮǿ
ֻӦǣ֮ʹ֮࣬ѣ¹֮֮һ
ֻãͲļࡣ
ʱѼûбȱ˸Ŭͼ֣ߵز
ԣҵʱ䣬ȼ󲿷ݵʱ䣬һⱾط֮ϡ
ȼһΪͨȼ꣬ȼ꣬ȼشľ硣
ͨȼ꣬ȼԼʶУ֮һΪۣʱս
£ͨȼԼԼ֮һҵսͬ磬ԸһߵĶʱԴȡʤ߶ʱڵһж
ȼ꣬һ˲佫ԼʶУоȫȼգսΪǿпµһ֮ޡ
֢Ҳܴ󣬾ʶУ飬һãͻԶȬĲ֢
ȼ꣬ǲ򲻵ѣ֮ʣòõĽ֮С
Ϊȼ꣬Ǳȼȼ£֢ذٱС
һȼ꣬ǽֱȼԼʮܷһΣԣʽȼУֱ֮ΪС
ǰؾ磬ҲǽУ֢ҪԽܵķΧ֮ڣֻҪãָܻġ
ȼֱ꣬ȼһͨһҲͰټʮһּС
޵֮ˣѨ磬ԼһʮҲݲ˼Ρ
ʹԪᣬһҲʹּ޽ͽȼڷ
ȻнеĺôǾǣּ𣬽ֱӽսһ˲֮ޡ
ʱ˵Խ׶ԵУһλ벽濹⣬ˡ
ֻǣ̫
һֻʮʮǧҶܱĳɹһνУֱȼʮ൱ڰ˾Ű٣ǧɹ
˹ۣûм˳е
ϾÿˣɹĶ
˶Ϊһ꣬
жˣԸһȥԼ£ȥһУ
浽ֹͷҲ˲ˡ
ҲԸ⻨ټۣⲿȼԭ
£ʮа˾š浽һ죬ʹֱҲĸԸ

Ȼȼ󾳽磬ȴҲֱӾܽ󾳽óġ
ĿǰֻǽӴһؾżҪգٻҪҵʱ䡣
ҪӴϤʹüȼ꣬ȼ꣬ûһ££롣
Ҳżʹֻǵһؾͨȼ꣬ҲڶԵʱһغܴԱֶˡ
ΪѨ۷壬Ѩ֮£޵ˡ
ʹѨڣҲֻˣɿһȡ
ʹȼĵһؾ磬ͨȼ꣬ӦÿԸһѨ۷ǿ߿һʱˡ
ʱսõõܣҲǲܵ顣
ڼȼ꣬Ǿ͵ͻѨڣȻ˵ɡ

ȼ깦Ҳؾ硣
һؾ磬ˮ𵴼ڶأǲ𵴼أǽ𵴼һأǺХ𵴼
ؾ磬һرһؿ£Ҳ
ĿǰôΣҲֻǿԽպˮĲģΣͻߡ
һͻ֣ᷢƣԺʹܣоҪȥһ
һָ֣Լľȷô࣬ƺһ𵴣Сȵȥʣ˴ңҲǿ󣬼ࡣ
ţĲЧ
ŹΪڴ
ֻǳŽ׶ΣһﵽСɣɣʱأǶϷʹУǹһУֲܣӦûǿԵġ
Ȼָֻķ
ЩƵķǿߣжپУƣƻһж⣬ʵĲࡣ
ϾѨͷ֮䣬֮𣬺ĳֹ׷ƽࡣ
ǣгһգҲ׷С
룬ҲֻĿǰһһѨ۷壬벽һ˿ӴƿĻ˵
Ȼڵľ磬ֻһЦ

һ죬ƿУ߳գͷ
ȴ֣ձѩãҲվڴףӭ磬Ŀճյ·ɽȣþòԣʹҲһ
ּ𣬱˵һ߽ɣʮɰɣӦо
Ȼȴûǡ
ΪĿƳȻһ۾ҲɱЩ
Ǹɽ
ԭǷ۾˵ء
ɽĹȣ뵽ˣУһ˲ӹǧذӰԺҲɸ
ûдʱҵĳ;֮ӵۣڷɻصϻ߾һ򣬸
ģһʮۻ޴Ѫɫɽ壬ձ˶شһ֮ת۴ĸķ塣
֮£һƬȻǸĹȡ


475 ɽˮ£
ڴˣڣʥһսѶĹȣ
ΪձãһŻ
ԣձãľˣձãȴҲǴ߳Ĺȣۼ·ߡ
˵ܻࡣ
Ҳˣطˣشһǹ磬һ֮ء
ҪǣǻһԼ
֮ޣԪܸ֮ǰǸ˵ͷĸİο
ͷ
뵽ˣĬĬվձѩûдǡ
ȻĹȣս£Ǻ£Ҳǻ¡
¾ǣгɳҳɳΪһӢţ˶ﵽѨ֮
ȴǣսȴ̫ʱ䣬ʱѹ룬ǲ̽ǼҰʱ䣬Ѿˡ
Ҫʱ֮ڣѰǸ֮ΪһӣӢ˫˵Ϣѡ
ƾձѩ˵ʵȻڽʵǣҪ˵ϡǸˡǵʤ㻹Ƿǳã
ΪǸˡڵϣġײǿߡ
һһ
ף

۲ͣŶϷڵĵطȥգ۾ӹ˸򣬸ɽľɫҲǵǰʧ
ֱʱŲ̾ϢһǰǶ˵ˣʹ˻ȻڣϢ֮ѨӣɽߵȨʱǾʹȨҪһְҵ½̽̽Ǹߺ֮׵Ϣ
硭
ձѩһعͷ˼æͷĵز˲۽ǡ
һδ֪ĸһĹУÿɺãԵñյůûǵϣж㣬ҵġ
ѩ滨꣬۴ɫ
ȻȻѡҲʱپϿʱȴܻعȿҲһ󲻺ܡ
ɣϷǴǻ֮ˣһ׼϶ԼģǲҪġ
ѩļȰοңֻҪһղǸ˵ϢǼǼҰΪǲΣǾŹʹ֮ҲҪѣ
ʱǾͷĸǰԿ˵Ľһ֮£ָܻ֮أ
лл硣
Ȼ֮ǰûĹȣǸˡݵλ޾塣
ǣսӴ˺֮ܶȻ֪ߺ֮ǺεȵĿ¡
ǵѾΪ棬Ϊˡ
ף̣׿ȺˣܶˣȷѾһײβֻΪ˵еĴˡ
һӰ񣬶ʱһµʱ١
µһҳûз֮ʱ֮ףߺ֮ףһУҪη
Ҫһ˵٣Ķ£乫ʹѣ˳ȥô׵飿
Ҫ˵˵󣬻վĽһң¼ҡ
¼Ҹ£ǧ꣬һֱڽٹ̡
ǵڽһأ˰ڶƬĹϽ˵ǲ۲۵ʵۡ
ǰڸ߲㵽ǵȵطҲҪһ棬Ҫ˵ֻȣλССˡ
ԣҪ£ס
Ŀ趨
²⣬ҲǸˡԼʦеϵԣ׮ʮأԼһҪַ֣ʹʦڹ
ң浽ȲѵĵڣҲֻС
뵽ˣ˫ĿУһš

ˣ˵棬Ȼڣѧһ֮ºǾ߽󣬰еǼ顣
š
֪ʱҲǶ棬ձѩȻΨհæͷ
زհɣŬٹãǾܻصܲˡǶδȥɽˮأʱһҪǺúÿһ
ãлл硣
˵ͷձѩ˷ֱصԲУû˷ʱ䣬룬
ֹձѩҲףֻŬҪԼѨ֮򣬸ûǸ˿һµʵơ
ǵѳԽͨѨȻδͻƷ˵Ծһ㷨ĳΣһҲ⡣
ΪȥǵȾ˽ֻ֣֣߲ʮУľ档
ԣԲܷɣоʱʮֽȣʹս֮Ѿ֣ǣ׮飬ȴܱսǵ
壬¼ңһӣ
պá
˵һ̫ͬһ㣬âɣ۾
ʱڵףҪĿֻһɷ裬ڣն֮ʱԣɾߺ֮һߺ֮׵ʱű˹֮Ϊպ
պ

ʱ䣬Ⱥٳգһֱڴбչֻʵڿ֮ʱżɢɢģϢϢʿ
ˣپʱķɳ֮ڣһգ۷ɵһƬϤɽˮ
һľ޷壬޷֮ϣ·һչƷ衣
ɽ֮ϣɽһ·죬ֱɽһɵӨ׽ݣ·ʵʡ
ȻԽϣȴԽ鵭·ƺʱпܱٶѡ
ɽ塣

ڻˣ
һ̣ϣ˾ΥĻ
һ߳գװ壬ңƬϤɽˮһ˲̲סӯ
꣬ЩѾԶ޷ٿƬɽˮǣȴңصٴλصŵĻ
ҮҮɫδ䣬ľȴ·׺ɣһֻء


476 ٻػ
Ӧѩ飬ѣ飬ͫձѩȣҲһ˼װ塣
Ӧѩ飬ѵȣЩƵӣ˴ڻع飬ԴȻһܡ
飬ͫձѩȣЩս־֮Уż󣬻ûпɽˮˣ׳ľһܡ

ѩ૵˵ţŵƵľ޴ɫɽ壬ɽֱƶ˵İɫݣһָʵʲô
ݣ
һֱվ󣬼棬̲ס͵ͨʿҪֻҪݣ˲μʸ񡣡
Ҳ˵ݣ󣬵һӵĹؿ
ֻǴӣηѾգԮʧȥʸԣϷ嶥ģʹ츳δξ¸һ̫
Ŷԭˡ
ձѩˣɵ˵ͷĿ¶˼
ǶΪ׵ĹϵֱӼ󣬲ûоһؿ飬ʱ֪Ҫ󣬲ûô򵥡
лᣬҲһҪȥһΡ
ѩһ˵
ԣ΢죬漴ǲһЦ뷨ѾţԭûҪԼҲǰȥһԣƽҲûʲô·
Ȼ
˵΢΢һЦ˵ǶѾѨӣʵΪԶͨӣֱȥûʲôѶȡҪȥҪΪԼúѰһЩ΢һЩջ񡣡
ţס
ѩ˵ͷĿǵ׵İɫݣԾԾԡ
ֻڵȻǻᣬǻûлصţ϶ҲҪȰŵһЩ鴦һ£Ϥһ¸ĻȳУݡ
ս֮ѵβҲûô뿪µʱ䣬еʱ顣
״΢΢һЦҲû˵
ձˣҲڴƺȲһԣһЦȴ뵽˵Լݽʱĳ
ʱڴˣһ£ϻزӦѩ飬Լڵĺֵܣư֣ӡ
һĹȥǾִۣҲʦһΪжһˣá
ʦ
뵽ˣϾͿԼΥǵɫٻӰͷҲ΢΢ЩУһ¡
ǻУһůһУطţվͷһʱҲЩˡ

ûֱͣԽɽ壬ͦ
Զֿȴǻɽ֪ŵӹԶ򿪣ǽ롣
ۻΪһСڵ㣬ûããУ䡣
Ȼŵʲôƣ󣬡һ죬ƺʲôִ򿪣ˣһصĿռ䡣
ǰȻʣȴ־ɫ죬ѩձȳμ澰ˣǲ۾һ档
ֻңԶĵ棬ɽ壬ʹ
ͷȴգһ޴Ļ·һɫĹĻͷȻˮ
ȻǺס
һƬ಻Ĺʽɽ֮ϡ
ÿɽ壬˸Բͬĸܣ罣絤¯嶥ɫ֮ƣȫҩҩ٣ᡭ
֮ɽ壬ɫͬ
˴ƺ޾Ĳӿϸһ죬ֱö
⣬󣿡
ձѩȣɾ̾棬۶˷档
ƧĹȣ˹칤컯棿Ҳֲǣ
һμʱҲͬı顣
ûпڳЦˣһɫصǵţĿеʥأһ׷Ŀ֮꣬һ󣡡
ˣǻԵάͽ䷢󣬱㿴պΪˡ
š
ѩ治ϵͷĿĴԾԼ𾪺ͼı顣
澰֮УҲǶһݵģ޶ȻԼۿ͸ѹ¶˳Եı顣
ˣǸ÷ֿˡûɫΡׯϵĴ۾ͻȻִ´ȥǼǣɽ塣
ңҪȻػ壬ݼʦ𡣵æ꣬һȥǡ
ʱңֻҪѯһ»ڵĵַɣʱڻ延ӭǵĵ
һָһ޴Ļɫձѩ˵Ӧѩ
ãʱ򣬵Ƿ꣬һһʱȥʦֱϲ
ѩһᣬһ˵
Ȼͬһڣͬɽ壬ƽ߶Ҳ١
ңɽಢԶֻҪԸ⣬ǿʱѰԣݵķֱ𵹲޶Ӱ죬ϲǽɽ֮£Ե֮ȥ֮ϣտʯҶǣȼǣʲô¡
Ȼ£òǷҪͨأҲ
š
˵ͷ漴û˵һӦҪע飬֮ʱȫ˵꣬أҲʲô鷳
Ͼŵڶǿߣڱǳ˰ͽỹ˭ҵѡ
οݵλԲͬѰ֮ǰȫѨӣѰִ£ֻûеķݡ
ۻ½ڶӣҲԼĶѸһᣬûжôѹ
ûƬ̣šˡһ죬ۻɵ䵽ǰһƬ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϡ
صţͣˡһ·۷һ㣬ȲԼɽɳ۶ȥ
Ӧѩ飬ư֣ӣձ˵˵ͷ漴ҲûͣһתŶһɽ壬ɳ۶ȥ
¾ݺ־ôã֪ʦѾˣǲѾȬ
λҲʦѼƷ뵽ϾҪΥʦ֮棬ģҲø죬ŲҲͷɵø
ѥѴĽϣÿһڲоƼٶȱǰֲֹĵĵ١
ٶȣǿơ
Ϥɽһ嶥޴ͭɫǰ
̧ͷ㺮֣ɷ裬֮ͭϣһɪ延
ʱ֣ȡʦ̡
ʱټͷֲֵճиǧذת˼ٽᡣ
ʦ
Ųû򿪣ƺѾܾûд򿪵ͭţ˽ȥ


477 ʦͽ
һ֮һں쳾һں쳾⡣
߽У֣ƺԴԼ֮㺮УѾδմ˲ٻ
ѵʦƽʱӣＴʹֻһˣӦҲݲŶԡ
нûֱӻصԼСݣ̨ߣŲҴҵسƽʱչϢʯȥ
صĽŲ㺮оΥĳţ֮ɾ·Ƶ衣
һͷ£Щɳ֮ϣһƬɡ
ʯҽǰĽŲȴɷһ
ӣտʼʱǵǣǼУȲ
浽ʯǰЩԥЩģЩɡ
գ̧֣᲻ص˼ʯš

տ㺮𣬲ȴӦ
ʦõʯţδڴ򿪡
⡭
һͷŷֹ֣𴦣ԼʦõʯǰҲһѻҳδӣɶȻһ
ô£ʦʲôʣǣڱչأϾˣ
ŲõĲ²⣬ͷȻó֮࣬£֮

һ֮쳹ʯȻȴ޻͵мУŶʱ򣬶Ȼ䣬ɫһϲ
ͨ쳹УһΥĲ
˿һ˿С
ʦ
ϲæ˺һֶϹϾ
ڴʱʮµʱڣ¡һΥʯŻ
һϮ峾ƮɵӰ߳
Ӱվſڵһ漴ɶȻһǣ㣬˺ܶ࣬ʦеϲˣ
ʦ
УͬǼԡ
һ꣬Ȼʦദʱ䣬ǺܳǰˣȴǸıԼһ˵ˡ
Լ޷޵ţн֮ɾ͡
ðգȥΪԼѰ޵磬ҲһԻͣġ
ǸˣѾˡ
ʦܾ谾ʱţȴһû䡣
ãȴһʱ֮䣬˭֪˵
ֱһſڵǵӰŲһ漴΢Цʦˣʱ䣬
šһ漴ʦ߽Сʯݡ
ʯݲǰΣȻʮϤһصʵأ̲סĴһ
֮ȴ֣ƺҲȥ֮ʱûʲôһվɡ
̨֮ϣţʯ֮ϣ¡
ĵ棬ƾǺڰӣڳɹͼΣԲط׾ƺ̻ܡ
һжû䡣
ģֻٻʱ˵ľ
ʦ
һ߽Уͨһù򵹣ͷõĲվ
ʲô
ñŭȴֿУƻá
֣أشͷһΪߵлʦѰ֮Ϊߵлʦ֮飻ߵϲԣټʦһƽϲ֣ǻ
Сӡ
ԣһı飬Ҳɡ͡ȻһЦȥһȦ˱˲٣벻ӣҲת䣬ѧ˵һЩ컬ࡣ
һЦҿû컬࣬ڱǰȻǲġֻʦǰҲһӡ
˺ˣ˵㡣ΪʦЩʱգżڱչأû뵽ûǸɡ
ƽͰ˵
漴һϲһǲǾͲˣսΣ֣ľ棬
һ㶣벻ʦҲ֮⡣
뵽ʦǾò˽Ӵȴ¶û˸ѸвЩȻ𣬼æص㣬Щ귢Ե˵һ顣
꣬ɵͷ÷ŵͷܺãû뵽Щ꣬Ȼ£ҾȻǰ󷽵ɳжһԱ˳ɹ棬⵹ˡ
սѽ޵磬ӭһΥĺƽҲ̫ƽʮ˰ɡ
ø̾˵漴תͷһ֣أͻѨһ֮л֮ŬҪⷬᡣ
ȽͻѨڣ۷壬˵лᣬһʦﲻ߾磬أʱ˵ʦҲҪմٹ⣬Ϊˣɡ
ʦ
ʦ˵֣أɫһݣҵæǣزʦ
˺ˣࡣ
ðһֵˣȻΪͻѨڣأ߽׻þĲˡ
ɫ΢ЦһЦصôսһѧ˼ʽʩչΪʦ
ԣɫʱһ漴ݸһЦ
ףʦǿУĻõΪˡ
ֻǣǰ
Ǿʦˣ
˵꣬һȻһ̧֣˲䣬ϣȼ桭


478 䡷
Ϻɫ棬ǽƳңƿɷ졣
¶һ˿˲䣬˫һٱ䡣
һǽңӵſȻڵһ࣬һ
漴ǵĵ
ǽʶϱͬһ䣬ʹƣҲܸоǹɿֲȡ
Ȼչʱ˾ͲһƬ֮䣬ֱӱɣɻҽˡ
߽׻üһʽ޴󡣲û뵽Ȼѧᣬǲҿ㡣
΢΢һЦε
ȻȻ߽׻üʵû̶ָһ֮ڣѧᣬοǰʶʶѡ
û뵽ȻĽһʽѧᡣ
Ѿ֮ˣҲ̾İ͡
ֻô
΢΢һЦȴȻһ֣ػǽ漴£һɫ
ϱ仯󣬻һķС
һӣֲסССΪֻһƴСķΣͬһСߣģת
ǣȻһʽҲѧˡ̶һ꣬ѧʽ߽׻üһСˣٶȣҵҲв硭
ʦĪأ
У
òصɴӣ漴뵽ʲôһ˼ı㲻˵߽׻üУѧ޴һУˮиҲѧ˰ɣ
ˣʦ뿴
һЦ˵һţеɫȻΪһŻɢ
漴ָ䣬Ȼһ
һɵٿȻ֣ȻȻ۳ΣɺƾΪһСˮΡ
ɫСˮγ֮ܵĿٿȻ½¶һʱ䡣
ʹΪˣüϣҲɽһϸϸİ˪
Ϊˣϵ仯ȻڣĿǽضָ⡣
ָֻ⣬ܵĿ½ϸˮ漴ָˮ֮ϣѸǴ
ǧ֮һ˲䣬ָѾȫһ㺮֡
𣡡
һȣ˲кˮΪһž޴ľɫˮָ⣬תɢɲ֮
ֻһͨˮȴõһγ˸תһ޴ˮ
ȥ
һ죬һƣǰ׿һһ
Ϣ
ǿ޴壬ֱӱиһͷСĿ׶δ˼ʦӴ֮еƷżæɢһ΢ЦؿԼʦ
һˡ
ʵ֮ǰʹõһʽʱȻȣʵжѵá
Ϊ߽׻üȻѧѾѨڵӣսջķᣬҪ˵һˣһжѧᣬҲ̫ûˡ
ǳˣΪΪΪֹ
ξϲ
ڶΣĳ֣ľϲȻҲ߽׻üеǿһʽˮи
֮ǰöйҲѧһʽӣ㲻
ʽ㳬ꣻʽȫȫˡ̰ãûʣµĸֻժء
ڿĲݣҲȫˣȻԵ˺أȻᣬѧʽԺֻ·ˡ
ԵֶҲţ˵Ҳ˵׼
죬Ŀ飬ͨˣԾԵĸ߷֣ͨ
УһӣһҪӵĶ󣬶ǽɳƽ롣
Ҳһ죬ܹԽԼվ۷壬ȻعͷԼҪ·Ĵڰɡ
ˣ⣬Ҳˣ˾þޡ
ûʲôһɲġ

£ִԼĴһ֮ģһЩŻɫĹż
䣡
鼮֮ͬһش֣һ㵣ʵʲô
ýݸ˵ΪһĻԴ䡷
Ҳ˵˱һӵʼгֹĳ׻üн׻ü߽׻üٵ׻üȵȣһмܣɳһĴ֮
ѧЩ߽׻üеһСݣֵһᡣ
գʽ˲Ŵ㣬ϣܺúô֮еڶ߽׻üѾֻڴ˵Ķ׻üȫѧᣬ󡣽̳һ壬عյĻԻ͡
ʦˣЩȻеţȴȥԲŵһ˰䣬ʦĲǣϣϣܵøĹۡ
ˣҲʦͽһҲһԸұܴӴжȥһߣ˽һˡ
£
һ˲Ժһ뵽ǽϵǱ
õı飬ҶʣֻǸ¶˾ģҪѧȻձѩȣһ½󣬲һ鵱Ǹ˵ܡ
ٿǱӳ¾ɵĵ伮ʱģʱæƴǣ
ôԣһĴ֮䣬ӦʦܣҪֻڶഫɣΪҪǵĴ֮䣬ӡ
һʧ䣬ǵӿĪ֮
ɫһšҾһӣڻǽչ鶼ҪģȻǰ߽׻þһһѧᣬ佻ܣҲʧ
ˣʦ֪æȥɣʲô׵ĵطҡΪʦڲһʽ׻üܻٳţŽ뼴ɡ
ǣʦ
÷ŭٴǣֻСؽӹǱŻ֮飬Ȼʱȴֻ֮أѹ㴭
ȻⱾ󣬵֪ŸӾܾʦھͽҪĶԼЩ֮ס
Σǽ˹С봢УҪת뿪Ȼһ٣ʲôһתһֻϸУݸ׵ãʦǵһżȻ֮͸㣬Ϊӽ̾ʦ
ʲô
ñŸҪȥȴȻóһеݹʱ㲻һǳĻصС
ӣʹ֮ϣµƿջƣѩʱһȡ˹һۣŽ򿪡
֮УһöϸΣţҫǧǹ⡣
֮ÿ֮ˣһööϸС÷ۼ¾ס


479 
ǣ
־ȣ૵ص
ΪΡһãʵ󣬲ѰʾȻо£Ԫ֮Чʮѵã΢һ˿ٶȡ
ζãʦŮӡҾţ׸ʦʦϲҲá
ߣ֮ʦôϲ⡭
һƫͷȥװһӡ
ȴϻͷƵƵ۽עǵΣȴƺ±ʮֱŤУԲԣͿķǣаЦ
±ʦȴЦиϣããȻʦϲǵӾˡȻݣʦָʾúϰ䡣
˵꣬һоͷ䵽ǽһʯϣȻһˡ

Ǻһ˿΢Цʦ˳Сݣ˳ְŹϡ
תһЦ̤뿪Ķõġ
ԺлصŸղţʦעöΣϲͺʱӣƽʹ㲻мı飬ɸտʼһۣһӳ
Ȼʮ⣬رϲֻϲԸ˵ˡ

뿪ʦõʯ֮תϤĵ·ԼС֮ǰ
̫ʱ뿪СУѾ˻ҳֻҳûжӣƺ֮ǰһֱ
ֻʱ䣬һ㱡Ļҳ
֪ϣֻʦһˡ
Ȼڣǻ£ΪʰӵģҲֻпʦһˡ
벻Լ뿪ʦȻᾭԼʰݣֱչ֮󣬲ûеˡ
Լʯݣ֮䶼˻ҳûˣҲͲˡ
뵽ˣ΢˸м
ûʦɹĴţڻˣֻһͨڵӣԪĴŶҲ
ûʦΪϹôϰ͵ɾͽյݺ͵λ
˵ʦһ˸ף֮ˡ
ڸѾˣʦһӣҪ;صĶκ˶¡
öΣȻ˵żȻ뿪֮ʣʮɹṺġ
Ȼһȴһر൱һƷʹһЩƷƷҲСˡ
ҪǣоԪ֮ܡ
ܣںܶʮҪģΪÿһʱĶ٣ϵպǰ;ٶȡ
ûˣܶԴ˲ݡ
ʦöİȴֲֵһˡԣҲûаϡ
ֻҪʦϲͺá
뵽ˣ΢Цأʯɨһ飬Ȼϥ£ʦøղŽǲŻš
⣬һ֮֮䡷𣿲֪棬׼Щʲô
ҳ˲䣬ͿѧϰһлüС
ʼĻܸ٣ָ֮֮ͫԼĵͽţˮԼӳ·
󣬱ϰʮü
ݣˮзɳľ괺Ұ٣λÿջľ˪ˮӰ龵񡭡ȵȣȵȡ
ٺ棬н׻ü߽׻ü
ֱĶ׻ü
·һ磬ǰ򿪴š֪Լǰϰģɽ֮һڣֵһᡣ
ǰŷԼС
ԭΪʮǿˮиⱾУ಻΢߽һЩĻü
棬иǿ󣬸Ӳ˼Ķ׻ü磬ӣʱյתһǧ꣬ȵȵȵȡ
Щǿ󵽿ֲľѧÿһʽҪһһʱ䣬һѧɣҲԺ£Ϊȫѹƣ򣬺ĻߵĶ֡
ֻϧЩѶȣʮǿֻһۣ;ͷ裬æϣٿ
ףΪĻü軹ûдﵽȳ̶ȣҾԲŻֿһ۾ͷ
ĻԽ׳󣬻ߵͻЩ׻üһչ֮ʱˡ
ֻʦãҪһֶ׻üҪڤ˼룬չ֮ã²ţѶȡ
̰ã֪ʱʱϰŻ߽ף߶׻üʱɴջش֮УȻȡһԪһٴοʼ
ʱˮ
תۼ䣬ʱһζ
ص֮󣬾ûгȥԲ֪ı仯ڶսԱĻع飬˺ܾõڻָһƬ
һ죬һɫϿգ顱һըʯбչ

Ѿǰˮ³Ƿĵһʱˡ
ȴʱ͵һ̣
ৡһվĿԶԶضŷ¡йһݻᣬڣ»ֱԭĶ࣬ջȻŹ
֪ĻжѵãҵһৡһѾŷ·ȥ


480 ϣ
ûƬ̼䣬ӰѾѭڤڤ֮Уһָ߷֮⣬һߵʯǰ
ߵʯ֣Сʯ֡һë֮أ˼
ʱȴƲӰվڸߴ·ɳ۶
УһӰһ֣ؿڵڶ͵Ѹϵɣ
ǡ
һӦִ£ͬʱһף죬׳ֻi
ͬiϰգһʱ塭ƺڴ󳱷
𾪣ʮͣסŲۿ
ֻԶУȻ䣬һʮ־޴ܵ
ܵͷȻֱͨϡ
Զƺããľ֮ϣ֪ʱȻһʮ־޴󣬿䲻Ƶľ޴Ѩ
һˮӶѨ֮£齦翡
ǰ죬һ־޴£ɢΣȴڵĶѨ
ҫõվˣĿһƬЩ졣
ˮ³߽صڵ𣿹Ȼ졣
ȻµŽؿ϶ͬΣҲû뵽֮ȻڿУҪضܴ򿪣˸޷롣
΢һ룬ҲȻ
Žأʲô˾ͿԴ룬γشС
Ȼȵطʮֲ֮϶˽ƣܣøַڿУԳһռ䣬ȻΪأΪ֮¡
ƾʲôַʲôԲķ֣ʹǵص֮У߲õߵĶ
߰ɣסֻһһҹʱ䣬һһҹ֮󣬲ΣǶ򣬶ѨǾУֱ
Ϊ׵ߣƳ˵ֿӦѩһۣޱص˵
ӦѩѾ˵һΣȻ·Լ״⣬һ֣кƾ̤һţس׵ˮ³Ѩȥ
¹ԣ⣬ǳλãһƬ롣
Ӧѩ飬һһڣϵĽ¹֮Уˮ³Уֱʧ
ףһ֣ǵɵݲ֮ɢĿ˹رյĶһۣص뿪ɣһ֮˽Ӧǳ
ǡ
·ִ£һ֣еi漴ɻУϰֵˮ³Ҳ֮ʧ
һȻΪһߡ
ʣִ£ȴû»ָһƬյգ˵ϴⶴѨģҲˣֻû룬һٽһεĻᣬһˣȴأʬ׶Ҳ컯겻ѡ
ǰǰ˭˵أ
һִҲǸ̾һ˵ǵϴѨͬ䣬εΪ׳ۣΪ֮ףӣҲ֮Ϊδ콾
û뵽һˣô䣬䣬ʲô¶˵׼δʱһн޷ǹ۶
šͬһһεͬһˣһˣȴһǰ֮ǰͨӣ˵߷֮һΨһӣ֪ս֮˶ĵһָв٣պɾܴͣﵽΣ
ôʲôǺáȻƹܳi뿪ˮ³һΣȴܵܣһһ棬ʹǣҲûнѨһΣﻹҪΪ˲ģԼĽɣ
ҲǡǺǡ
һִҲһ̾Ϣ漴˶ûж˵Ϊ⣬Գһ򣬷Ծȥ
˶ûз֣뿪֮ɵʯ֮䣬߳һ԰ɫꡣ
վԭأ˿Ѿûʧƶ֮ϵˮ³ֳԾȥִ¿һۣٺ١Цһ漴ٴʯ֣ʧ·ûгֹһ㡣
ղڴ˵ʱ򣬶ĴڣµӵʵֻҲǷͬСˣ˵м˹죬ʮֿɣϧû˿

Ӧѩ˳ݣԽԽϣԽԽϣƶˡ
ӦѩѾй飬ɫȴֻƺʱҪȥԼᶨʱɫ䡣
ң֮ĻڴйôҲֶܳѰ˵ȥӦѩһ·оգڵﵽǸ޴ƣεѨ֮ǰ
ɣ
ûԥһµӦѩ飬̤룬ڵˮĻԶһ֣Ϊóһ
΢ԥһ£ǽ룬ֻоǰһǰĳѾȻ
˴֮ͬһƬεɫĴ󺣣֮棬˸縡͹ʯʯϣųˮĴ򣬶ʱһද
ߣǰɫʯɵĶڣˮӳϣɢһλõĳͬþ֮С
ѵ֮У˵е֮ˮ³ʯ𣿡
㵣̧ͷһۣ߲ĶѨ£ܲĴ¶ˮʯһ˶ף緢죬ƺɣɾȡ
ȫˮ³ʯ
ӦѩԣһЦ˴˴ƺҲ࣬϶һص֮⣬ܵĺˮӳһ𣬷Եࡣ
ˮ³ⶴˣڷ֮ˮ³ʯҲ֮ڵĵطǽҪģڶ
컯񹤣ǡ
˵꣬ȴ·㣬һʯ֮ϾһӶ㲻մˮӭ⣬ȳѨ֮ڼ롣
ԣʵһ£漴Ҳ֪Լ뵱ȻһЦӣŲ׷ȥ


481 £
ԽǰУԽ档
һ·ⲻϣǵ㣬ˣѾξ֪η
ΧĴ֮ڣӰ
ңӦѩ飬Ƿˣͫܿ˴ΣҲԲʮ֮Զ
⴦ѨеίʵЩ졣

ˮĻʯϴЩпϵʯ֮ϣöһһͬ˿ͣӦԼ
ֻĺ֮ڣһѪڣȻвתļ
һæѹͷڵѪ漴۾һŷ֣ǰб仯
Ѿһ¸߲ܲͬѨͷĶɽ֮ǰ
ɽǽᵲȥ·Ҳ
ʱӦѩȻָдǣǰĶɽһƬ⡣
Ƭ̺źɽ壬¡һðɽȻȻԶмֳһϸС졣
һҿտյͬһ㣬ðľƳɵСƮӦѩ˽Ʈ
۾ȥȴҴϣ޴޳ŴˣһҿտյСȴ·һ㣬Ȼܹ˳ų֣Զǰֱ׼ӦѩĿꡣ
һĻϴ˵ɭžķΧһֻµŵȽ״
ȻվǳˣӦѩһƽ֮漴Ҳİ֪ӦòʲôʣֻҰɫСľ֮ϣжһ˿档
ڰľСһЩʱڣ壬һڵĶ֣лᦣڴͷ
֮£һӵķƣʲôҲµõܾԶˮ֮ϻĶơ
ֻ˾ɣأƣȻҲǷͬСˣһ̵ܿȥĶ
߰ɣȥɣ
ûԥڰɫСľۿǰʮҵʱӦѩ漴հһѾ·һֻɵĺͷ
״ûԥ漴ϣͬһҶҶƮƮϴͷվӦѩ෽
ϴ֮󣬰ľС۵ֹͣ˻Уһģǰಡһ伲Ȼǵխ϶֮дȥ
ţʲô
ľۿչʯ϶֮ʱȻ̧ͷֿʯ϶֮䣬ңʯ֮ʮλε
ЩһſͬǣͷͬǳУɭϵϢ
ǱǽڶһؿáɴӦѰǸڶġ
һӲⱱͻᱻҴ֮˾ͻᱻ֮նɱ࣬оǷǿˣҲֲãسһСƿ
ԭˡ
ԣͷЩʲôã漴զ࣬е㺧Ȼ
ȻΪ߽֮һˮ³ڵĽƣʵǶ緱ǣʤ
˵ⱱֻ˵֮ǰ˴ⶴ͸Ҷ϶ſŽģӲģղţǿ϶Ѿڷ
ǿͨĺ֮£ܵɭϵɱ϶ҲһǿĽֻƽʱӦˡ
ңֹ֮һֲĽЩۣ縡͹Ľʯʵ֮ƣҲһεĴ
ƽ¶һֻ¾ͽͬСɣˮ³漴Ϊ֮ɲ
һŵĵˡ
ΪУǧһɣȻ䲻Ϊ֪ĵƣЩɱﵣҲ֮¡
֮ۼǰ־һʱ֮ڣǰһǰһû󣬵ȴɫ
֮ףһ׵ĺ̶
̶䣣㣬ȴһ˸ߵĶʯͬʯɣ칤ʯˮ£ӭˮ档
һ°ɫĿ׶ȭͷСףǧٹ֣֮⻬͸¹⣬ƺ춥ϵ»ʡ
ʯĪǾǣ߹ˮ³ʯǵڶˣ
Ծ̾Ȼȴ󣬴һһͷͼ֮ǰɽ죬ѾȻٴγм£󲻹Ƭ̼䣬ٴ˿Ϸ죬һ˿ߣͬûгֹ
Ӧѩ֮ǰģһֻһɫʯԼͷԼ򿪵һ쾮Լ쾮֮ϣ͸¹⡣
ǽʱ򣬻ǰ죬̶̲һʱⶴѨ֮еʱ䣬Ȼҹ
Ȼγɣǣľ˴ʱţֻǸ֪˴
ֻǣˮ³һ֮
ϸʣΪ֣ӦѩԵⶴѨ֮󣬾ûٶԣֱˮ³ʯǰߵʯ̨֮һ£Ȼ۾һְֻǰʯ֮ϣһ˸⡣
ôͽ״̬ˣ
Ծ죬ûôߵԣһ뵽Ӧѩ˵һΣ˾飬ҲͲΪ졣
ǵʱֻһ죬Ҳ֪һ쵽ģǰⶴ֮еʱ㣬ǰʱ㡣
֮еʱ㣬ǵʱ䣬ɲˡ㰴ʱ㣬ǵʱ䣬Ҳһ죬ʮʱҡ
ԣĻԵҿ˷ʱ䣬
뵽ˣҲͲټƽΧĻѧӦѩӣһ˾ʹӰľ֮ƮӦѩһʯ̨֮ϣϥ£ͬһֻȥǰˮʯ֮ϣһĿӦ


482 
ˮϵһʮأˮųˮϵ֮ĵƷ׹
һһ̾ڶ£ľˮϵ
һһһһ¡
ӵһ̾һˮϵصĹ·ߣؼָǱѰ
⣬Ȼݣͬһ㣬ȴǵĹͬǣǾǣǶˮϵĶֻӵˮϵģҲˮϵľǣóϤʹ
һ֮⣬ǻһĹͬԣǾǣһҪߵԣԣš
Ҳͽ׵߱ΪǴĿھ֮ڣڱ𴦣Ľأˮ³ڶ֮еⷽˮ³ʯ֮С
ˮ³ʯʯһضӾʯų
Ʒף£ٵͣҲΪƷֵ
Ʒر岻Զʹǧ꣬ݹǧĵӣδ˵ѽеܾԲ͸
ԣһ޵磬ʯΪ֮һ
һĽ֮أǧڣһ칤ɽʥڣػ̶
ˮ³ʯǧڣػ̶ų޵Ϊ棬صҪأռһǧ֮ڡ
֮꣬׵칤ɽ˵ǵĽȫΪصԭ򣬵Ҳĳϵԭ򣬾ΪռһصĴڣŷչ

ˮ³ⷽˮ³ʯΪֻõһؿھĲȨʹǽ̸Ӧѩģֻǽ⿪ˮ³ʯһطӡָ
ưˮ³ʯһ˲䣬ѨƺЩͬˡ
ˣˡ
һͬϴǿ
ƣҲʯ˲о˲ͬ
ֱһ˿ů⣬ȴֲ˸е䣬ƺʯ⣬ֻԳɣûʹ˾ƶĸо
۾ǡˣˣˡһһͬ
۾ѾκζƵĴȴǰⷽʯһֵϢ졣
ÿһΧɫˮͬľݣ˳Ŀϣ
ÿһ׵ͬˮİĭðܵĺ֮С
졣
䣡
Ȼ䣬紦һãã޾Ĵ֮ϣǰٲǷСֵС޾Ĵͷһһˣѹȵ༸ܺϢ
¸»ɴҹʡ
һϮ£߹һˣֻԼվոϣ˫ĿãȻĪڵĺ棬ǣȥǧѭٷֹƺⷽռ䣬һֱֻһĻڵǾֹ
ʱ䣬š
һʼȻƬ̣ȫİĻѹ˲ףѾˮ³ʯĵһ̾쾳ˡ
̾̾ĵһ˼
š
أʱĹȥ»ŨһƬͷ¹⣬Ҳ࣬ȴһء
֮£ˮҲ֮ƽƺ˯
ԣ
Ȼ֮䣬صһһͬعͷģȴͬˮһһȾ
ĲħȾɽʧ־¹Ŀ԰Ȼ
ĬĬڤдйľӣ֪ιʣģȻİĶ䣬ÿ飬žһе
ֻһһͬϢ졣
Ȼǰ翣ٻͷ䣬һŮȹܣҲ֡
ħϣ
ɫ΢䣬ŭһƽȻ˫һϥھڰУ
ĹתһȦȦĻ֮ɢħ֮ʱٳɻҽаѽ
˲䣬ٻŮԳΪ̣ͬڡ
УǿžͬΨһĳ

䣬ľžѪҲ⣬ס۾泱ǳոһգͬ޾ڵĿ⣬仯ˡ
һӣһεǰĺϣˮûֵ̬
ˮ֮ǧ̬ᣬˮ֮
־̺ء
־İ︴
к־ǧһкע٣
־תǧأ侢
־ˮ


483 ʮ־
࣬־־־־־־־־
ȵȵȵȡ
һΪ̾ʵֹ̾
ˮ̬֮仯֮ࣿ
˵ʮʮ٣ǧݡ
ÿһˮ̬һֳ̬
ÿһֳ̬һֵеķһķš
ټĲͬڣĳ
Ҳνĳ̾
ʱһһֹȥĳˮԽԽǸӣѨеʱ䣬Ҳٶš
תۣѹһա
ڶ峿ˡһӦѩϣһöѸȻȣڱĿеǡ
۾һۣŷֶѨ֮е֮仯
ǲ򵽽ҪͷȻ֪֮ţô죬һˡ
ʱ䵽ˡ
һЦһδٶһĸоҲ֪ʱҴ
ȻŹ涨ֻһգǾֻһգһӶΪⶴУнơ
治ȥ˵ܲٴδˮ³ʯĸ״̬㣬϶ҲⶴѨ֮еĽƳͷȻǿкȥ
˿˶ܷԺҲûлˮ³ǲûпܡ
ԣӳԶƣ˻Ƿ룬ջ֣վ
Ŀӣ˭ûʶԷ֮ǰһҹʱ䣬ˮ³֮ʲô
ÿ˶еܡ
ˮ³ʯȻͬصһȷҲֻǽС̾
ˮ³ʯϣͬǲͬĳ̾ˣڡ
ûˣĵһȫͬġ
ˮ³ʯ֮ˣܴʲôʲǫ̂ԾӰΣΣϲΣľΣγɵĵһ̾вͬ
߰ɣ
һݣӦѩ鵱Ծľۣϡ
ٴλͷˮ³Уǿ·ʱ޿̶ԡ¹֮µǿʯͷϸۣһ߽ľۣСʻȥ
Ƭ̼䣬㼴صⶴȻһĶһ氵ʯ˲䣬š֨֨򿪣һƳݣƼ併䣬ֱ䵽ڣȻڵ档
ǽ˵ص콣³ϣѾȴˡִ£ͬʱڴˡ
ǻˣ
ӦѩһһףӰƳ֮ɻ䣬۳Ŀעһۣ漴Ҳû˵ʲôһ֣Ƴݾ͡ˡһѣɢ
һ֣ͷϿյˮ³󣬾ٴαһһӣˡ
һͨʯ֣ʲôˮʲôƵʲôϣȫ
ոմӦѩ鶼Ҫɣνˮ³ֻһþʵڹ
ۼһУΪ档
ֻǣΪۼʶǲŸӸ̾ˮ³棬ȵطֻһӣҲɡ
ڹǼ֮ˮ³ʯ⣬ǳ롣

ûж̸Թ˹֣³¹л֮Ӧѩͻ𣬸ظչȥˡ
Ǹãʵڲ¶ģһȥǺúò򣬹̣ڶѨ֮еõһеʱ
λƽʱڣһûᣬ϶ڲڵóӶˡ
ص壬ʦöûüȥˣֱӻصԼʯݣſڹһŵ֮漴Ϳʼеıչؿޡ
Ȼ֪ûʲôᣬǣԷһǱҪġϾձѩ飬ͫԼư֣ӵȣ֪ɽ壬лᣬ϶ǰѰ
ĿǰڱչزĽͷԣʱȻ⼸λѾ֮⣬ڣҲ˲ˡ
һչأǰ¡
Уư֣ӵȣȻǰѰһء
̤ϻ壬㺮ĽƣԼǰŵӣȻЩʧ뵽ˮ³ӦڸҲȻ
ЩҲ͸ԻطֻһѸԼʱȴصʱ̣ȻиӦԼš
УŲŲһ˼ڷбչؿޣԼ֮ڴɡ
䣡
һգչصʯ֮ڣ顱Ȼһ죬н֮ʯ֮ڴײʯһ󡰻죬ҡβϣ㵹
ң⽭ֹ֮ܿͣһֺϽ棬Ϻ֮ӷ֮͸漴顱ӵʯҴţһըһЩƣ룬ȴ˷ܵİӰȻ⡣
Ŵʯţ鲻ŭЦŷƮŵĴѸ֪Ӧư֣ӵʱһţ·һЩѸȡ֡
һü˲ڿһΪģöѸ򶼰ľУֻ˲䣬ͶϢ
һӣöȫ飬һתͳ¥ȥҪϲѸʦ
ͬʱһСɣҲʱҪǰ½ߣѯһҰصصʱˡ
ϲѸһʱ֮䣬ҲɸпˣȻȴ֪ͺǰսһһһΣȥʱ̣ʱ죬ԵҲûж˻
֮Уˮ³ʯ֮򵽵һУйˮĶȫɲᣬգγԼصĳһҲνĳ̾
ĳˡʮ
к壬飬䣬ģأࣻȪȣʮ־
һҲʽСɣ̤ż
ֻľϰˮϵ£ţڻ֮ͨ
ʱǷͬСɣղͬն


484 쳾
ڣеĴȫµĳ
Щһ˿˿һƣ׷ζڵѨ
˹ˮǻ֮ڷ
ֻᣬԴ
۾ȣԼµĳٱԭĴһһ
ʵ˲

¥ϣԼʦǼϤʯҡ
ţż
ȻԼʦʦͽ֮䲻񣬲Ǳ𾴣ΪԼʦҲԼĶˡ
ǫӦõġ
ûȣƺ֪϶ǰݼõʯźܿ򿪣¶ϤĲ֡
һ齣һһһһŹֵ֡
ЩŮӵĹ뷿ȴִ͸ŮӵϢԵЩء
ϰˡ
Ჽ룬õǰصʦǱ𡣡
ԣۣɫԶ漴΢΢һЦд˻ԵΪʦҲΪеϲһʹңҲô
Ȼѧĵһ⣬Ե춨ĸԶȳߵóԶһЩĿѧ
ǡ
ҵæͷӦǡ
ò˵Ҳϰ
ǳͼžΪƷ֪ǷΪƷĹ֮⣬ӴģһģĵƷ½׹
ȻʹֻǵƷ½ףԶȲƷнףƷϽףƷ׵Ķ
ڴ˶ԣһ֮УܽӴһƷƤëòˡ
οֱӵôһ
ܴеõĶֱʤ
ұСƷ½׹Ʒ½ףʹҲ޳ɣԶﲻϤʹõĳ̶ȣӷӲ
һУΪûˮϵľ
ˮϵľؽǿ򣬿ޣϰûκá
ԣϣţҵӣΪﵽѨϣлѧϰһЩʱţңŵߣȥ
Ի쳾һ⣬ϴ󡣡
öˣʶöˣľ˷򣬸ߵĴŻǳš
һζĿޣûκνġ
ԪʱȴֲͬΪʱҪţһŬӳȾģܸãĽ
ѨƿҪͻƿԽҡ
ԣеӣõķšҲǰ˴ţдﵽѨӣ뾭һ⡣
ܶˣУ쳾ģƼɵͻƸ߾硣
ȻҲһˣʹ˳ףӴ˶Ҳز
˭ǽʯ˭ɣ쳾һ֮С

֪һػᵽ
ս´󹦣һʱ֪ڽʱǰ磬ѰˮϵľһɵĻᡣ
ˮϵľĿģˮϵģˮϵģվпγˮϵ
ˮϵǳɾͷĹؽ֮һ
ԣһز˵ҪҲֹԼĵӳУΪӵĳɾͣҲĳɾ֮ͣϤϤء
벻ô죬ͽⲿţȻֻǳţȻеƷ½ףûô򵥣ⲿҲԵ
лʦ
ţη
ûٶʣͻȻһת˵
ȻĬ֮
󡣡
һ£΢ԥӲͷƤ˵ԼеĿĵء
󡭡
õ۹˸һ£Ŀң⣬Ȼһ˿׷䡣
󰡡
૵صУ᲻šĶε񣬻ǽڶС
֪ʦ뵽ʲô
ȻǽϵǱ뽭һйأôʦôʶԷģǲҲһ㣬ͻѨԳҸպõĵطҲǽ󡭡
ǲܶĻ䣬͹
ʱͬҪǰܲ׷䣬һЩʲô
գûʣҪǰʲôֻǹе˵һ䣺֮أҲʦľ֮ءʦͻѨ֪꣬һҪСģ򲻿ŵӵԴҪ֪֮һС½ӡ
߻ᣬ¥ʮңǽĿǰĻ򲻿ɴ⡣
߻ᣬ¥ʮң
΢һһ£ǽС
ֻǾҪǰ󣬶ڽӡĶֻ֡
һ֣ԹĽҵҶɻ롣
⣬ʱһƼ꣬£˵ҲͻѨˡ
֪ǽĴ֮һǧңٹ̡
ڣĸַ밵֮½Ҳһָ˸ǡ
һӡ񣬱ǽţʵۣҲ˳֮Ϊһҡ
¼ҡ
£ǽ壬Ȼ֪֪ģǲ׺֮һڣ֮أȻ߻ᣬ¥ʮӣǿ
Уˡ
ȴûԥԽֵĵطԽ鱨ԽǻҵĵطԽ׻ˮ㡣
Ȼô࣬ôӣֻ°оݵ㣬׮ôУͲˡ
ˣʵѳɣҲȫȨ㣬ټͨ쳹ڣȥݵλŸ߲ǲȥЩȻӣҲ㣬Ӧò޶ΣգһЩѣҲֽҶ㣬ġ
ʹˣ豣ضѡ޵ѣʦѵޣһֻ¶ûͻƸһ㾳Ŀܣֻڻ϶¹㣬Ȼһ㣬ȴԶûпޣпΪ
ȥһ·ءʦûʲôܴˣֻԼСģһҪƽ
ȥɣ
ǡ
˵ͷʦЩƣˣؿϣͷһˣ˳
۽⣬䵽ǽϵǱ֮ϣؽòʽȫסȷԼ֮ת˳ʦķţ˳ְš
ǽϣһȻת̤سŻȥȻأʱȥһԼЩѵʱˡ
Ҳʽӡ


485 ֮ǰ
㼸ƣȳϣ
ƷġȸֻɽŨвпÿһֵǧ𣬷һɵá
ÿΪժȸ˵Ĳɲ֪ͣ
ԾũﲻŨɽֻΪѰٵټ
ֻΪֲ裬ܲ޴һɵһı䡣
Ϊ˵ͨˣǶ޵ߣҲһʣٽЧԼֵĸߡ
˿̡
Ӧѩ飬ձѩ飬ͫư֣ӣȡ㶼ڴ˴һǰһȸ衣
֮⣬мϤȴҲйˣѺѣʫ˪
ˣüһãѵõڴ˻ۣΪӶ
ǻһΪһΪðգӵĺСӳԱΪָԭ򣬶һѡ
֮ʶˡ
֪Ҫ뿪˶ǰΪС
ңνһ뿪ģֹһˡ
½ѨĵӣѨڣѨڣֻѨڣֻҪﵽѨû½ӣһĻᡣ
ᣬʱһ꣬أ߰꣬ʮꡣ
֮ǿԼջ񣬾ʱ䵽ˣͿԻ
Ӵˣʽ۹ְδλ
ƽѨĵӣһ㶼ǽѨ֮ȹΪԼﵽƿԶ
һЩһ
ΪսⷢܶӣпսżͻƣѨ
δսʱվãܶˣûʱȥʲôģ֮УͻƣӶѨڣڡ
ЩӣȺС
Ӧѩ飬飬ͫձѩȵȣС
Ѻѣʫ˪ȣЩƶӣѨվãйһ
Ȼ̲һλʱڣǸģӦͱչأٴ
ǾľĲͬ
Ҳѧ˵ƷԺ󣬶Ҫľϲԭ

һףһиջ顣
Ѻѣʫ˪ˣϵѩԲƣ˾ٱ¾
ȣҲ漴յǱʾл
һΣȣҪȥĵطͬȻͬǺ쳾еӣȥͬһط
ѡĿ귽򣬸˶пǡ
Ӧѩ飬Ȼ֪ΪΣΣѡģ֮أƶ񤣬֮Ҳأ֮ء
Ȼ֪Ϊѡ˴˴²⣬ӣҪôĳ֮йأҪôĽС
Ȼѡôһط
ǰٻӡ
ҪȥģϽһ˵ʮֹصļ֮أ
УԼİٻһɣҲԽ
飬ͫ
ûоĿ꣬Ϊǵһδ뿪߿Ц˵湻ˣˣʱпȥ￴ǵȡ
ЦŴӦˣ˵ʱӭɨ
ձѩȣȻǸͬС
˲֪ǵĿֻ꣬ǴУֹΪ
һԭ򣬾Ϊ˲̽ռһһԭࡣ
ԣǼ縺أҼҪԸĵˣǿ˾
ǲ٣ΪѾþ޷ͻƣǣڲϳɳ
ֻҪʱ䣬վ׷϶ԷġȥҲһȥҪ˼ҵĳͻֻҪ̽飬ʵ࣬ٿǴ·ɡ
֣Ѻѣʫ˪ʶȤĸȥ
Ƕƶӣ˴ΪӦѩһУʾһ¹ػ
ǾͻԻȥչأһãأʱڣҲء
ǳأػʵ
ң뿪֮ǰҲ԰һЩ֮ǰ֮ʱٵĸѣΣԼһЩĴ취򵥵ĸһ£Ǵھ顣
ԴˣȻҲǸмġ
ƵѾˣư֣ûͻѨĵӣҲЩڨڨǡ
ڴʱסǡ
һѡ
һ֮ڣŬȡͻƵѨʱȥ֮ǡ
һѡΪԱ뽭Ѱһȡ죬õͻѨ
Դˣһ㵣漴Ǵϲ׷׵ͷӦ
ư˵ڣҲǱչأдߣֻʶ˸ָ֣Ÿлᡣ
ڳӡ
ţȫ˵Уʻ࣬һ͵Ľʤأ׷Ŀꡣ
׷һУضįġ
뵽ˣ˺˷ܵĴӦ
ԴˣҲ΢ЦЩˡ
ԪĵӳȥȻϹأݷǱѰһУȥ˸ӵĽ֮أҪֵճҲǲܡ
ң취Դǰȥ
ĿģֻΪ˴ȥ棬磬ģǿ˳ӵʶ֮ܣԼ֮
ӣȴһԻ۽𾦣󣬶Ƕһݵġ
ȥ󣬴ิ飬Ҫ̫ܣ̫ҪһˣŷˮԼݣڵ顣
ư֣ΪʹձѩڰΪʹУڴ
õư֣ӵ˵Ĵ֮н̸Ƭ̣漴˸Ը뿪ء
ǶѾύ룬ձػ׼ȥʰһ¶ҲǸԼųԼһЩرĻ֮Ӧ֮ԣ⼸죬Ƕæ
Լ֮󣬴ʱ˵أٴڴ˻ۣȻ򣬸ģʽʼǵһ֮á


ʮ 


486 ʤ
£ɽӡ
ǰݴ󽭣֮Ұнһǣޱ߳ǣǽ
̶䣬ƣ
˵Իƣ󴣬Ӣţĳɣ
Ϊ˲űһطҲĿʤء
ڵӣѡѡĵطҲǽ

ռعԼ֮һô󣬶ƺҳ㽭ؽĴΪ˿ǧޱ֮߳⣬Сǣ岼ֲҳ㽭࣬١
ٸСУһСǣʮֲۣڵĵλȴʮҪΪǣޱ߳м䣬һؾĵص㡣
˵أҲկʵСǳǡ
УͿԼ⴦طСƶ֮رȻ΢ע⵽طˣҲ١
ǣطȴƫƫʮҪΪǰлϿȣз㾦ɿڣߣһʮҪŵء
ȻҪȴʮֹؽϢʮ֮ͨ̿ͣʿڴţȻִҴҶ
կǳƣȴֲǣΪΧĳǽûУֻһȦľΧľǽķҲãʯݣľݣӦоУĸ¥ݣȴټ
ҲԳΪǡһԭΪûС
˴Ӵ˾ֻǹ֮أһЪŵĵطע⡣
һֱˣҲ긴һ꣬ոһգȴͨţֱ˵ĳ֣ıǡ


կ֮⣬ԶҹɽҶѾȾ죬ͨķҶһͷ׷£ҹɽ֮µҳ㽭Եʮ׳ۡ
ҳ㽭֮󣬾¾ŵɿ֮һ㾦ɡ
˿̣һһ׳۵¥׷״ҳ㽭ʻ£Ȼּ¶УפƬ̡
ֻһЩͰͨΦڴЪϢ
ÿ㣬һЩе͵εĸɫڴ˶ɿͣ£ȻӴ֮ϣһλλɫţ̴򲼿㣬ƤڣʹЩɾĴˮ֣Ӵһΰε£Ȼ˳߼֮ΪǣȴֻΧȦľ¥կʳЪϢ
󣬾ֻԻش˳£Ϊг̣ٹһʱǾܵҳ㽭εһسǣʳǣܣʳֶУԶկܱȡ
ʱʹҹܶԶ;˵صοͣҲԸһҹ·ʳЪϢͣڴկ
һ·ƽ˾濪ʲôΣգʹҹҲǵƻֻͨ
ԣҲկɿ֮أҵشҪ壬ȴΪ治ԶһľسǣʳǣشΣôҲչԭ
ȻչСҲСǵĸӣСҲСǵ
կУһĴ
Ĵֱ°Ѫ̣ãԼǧ¥
һ°࣬ȴλͣӡ
ΪɣȻӵڽǧһЩλµϴˣ˻ӣȻϢͨڸش֮УҲЩӣǣȴʵڰ᲻̨棬ԣ°˶ڣһֱڵײ㡣
ڶѪ̣ʮǿ٣һ֪εƹկеиߵ⣬¥ջ弣мկУ˶棬һϢƤ
Ȼ˶棬һϢƲӣ񵵴ҲԶƲϺÿǣļȴ°ãǧ¥ȣʮĽۺ죬ȴҲߣ岻ֲ
ЩѪ̾Ӫòˮ룬Ͱһ㡣
ԣѪȻ٣ǣȴկУ߶˵⣬ᡣ
֮⣬ãһʮصĵط
Ժͳơ
ľԺԺɽԺ
ԺԺǲ֪޳һĵͼ޵ߣ޵첻ȥȥҲûʲôǰ;ΪƣҲΪ˺ӵ룬Ǿ͸ԿһԺ
ǿѪ̣Ժ뽫ΪУʹֲֶΣԺ˴ճڵá
õҲһλֱԺԺΪӻԪкڣԪͲ㲻ȡ
УԪһλԪһλԪڣҲõĴһλЩֶεߡ
ҲΪòѪ̵ĸִżչ̳һѧͽڴΪһ
һΪص
˵أΪø֣ʲôҲܣʲôҲ֣Ҿݵ㣬կУԶҹɽ֮ϡ
һׯ԰ǧ¥
˿˽УҲֻżһùݵŮʮء
˵ⲻǱһߣҲ˵ֻĳķֲǲ֪ڴ˿ʲôһֱĬĬҲ˽ӴԵʮֹŹֶ졣
ǣȴû˸ǡ
Գʱδһǧ¥ʱѪҲԷ⣬գѪ̵ܽǰһ̽ȴͷӴ˷κˣÿҹɽǧ¥ڷԲ֮ڡ
Ӵ˳Ϊһر֮ء


487 ǧ¥
կڵˣǾǹͣǧ¥Դһ־η
ΪĴУأҿƺҲǵһ
£Ҳ¡
ֻҪѹöѪ̣гԱ֪ǧ¥Ŀ¡
ҵǣĿһأͬ˾η
ΪӲկ֮еӴԣҲûʲôԡ
տʼΪϰߣЩ֣̿ʮȥ¥ˣ˷˴ġ
ǧ¥ǵͬΣϢͨˣѾ֪ǧ¥ˡ
أҲϰԣһڡΪӰկڵκδ֣˽
ֻǣĻһֱһǿص˵ûͼ֮˭Ҳš
ͼΪΣΪ£ȴΣ
Ƕ⣬Żɵʱǧ¥ڽһЩı䡭

ı䣬Ǵǰʼ
Ϊǧ¥أΧһ˼˼һֱû˼
ǰǡɽԵũط֣һֱŽյǧ¥һ죬Ȼš
ʮȫ°׵ŮվԣصȺš
ũ棬ĵضɽһŴ󣬳ׯ԰ӡ
ȴûãһŮˣһԴĻ˴£߽š
λˣ޷ԻҰףϴһ˫Ө·ףӢˣȴЩ
ȴˣλ˵һ˲䣬ͬʱɫһ࣬ͬʱسȻӭţš֨һϡ
淢£λũ򿴲
Ⲣֹеĺ档
˭Ϊʲôǧ¥ôصҪӭǽš
ȻŲһóƲȻѰˣӦͷ
ˣǴΪΣկһƧСǡ
˴ȻشҪ壬ʵڲʲôҪĵطиĳǳأȴפ㡣
ˣӦȥ󣬸ʳǣޱ߳ǵȣǲӦȥĵط
ǣȴ죬ƧСǣҿӣЩϢͨĴǣ֪ӡ
ǵݣũǸе档
ɸǣΪʲôʮǧ¥ȴڽգƺЩһˡ
ѵկǳĴ֮һǧ¥ӽգı

ûв´
ũȥ֮󣬾Ͱѽ֮£ͼӴ׵ߵ˵һ顣
ΪֻбѰһԣ˵ʱȫ޹˼ɡ
ȴûϵй©Ϣȴկǳأ緢һٴС
°Ѫ̣ãʮӣֱˣϸ̽ʹλũϧѸƣȴҲֻѵյ¼ٴظ˼ѡ
λũµأԣȴԴ֪
һɽ¶ˮǰµǧ¥ȻǿȻأǣȴûжв
կѾγݵľ棬ĿԱ°ƹܣȻЩǮʤھ
߶˵Ĳ¥¥ҹݵȸ߶ѳȫѪУκһָˡ
ãҲɾ档
£յӣеӣԴկԭסͥˣ°Ѫ̣ǣһҲҶïӰ졣
ǲƹܲԴ·ǣµӣԻ̾Щµ̾Դоһݣǳ°Ѫ̡
ԣٹ̸̣ڣʱκһµֽǶǲľ档
Ҫģһûвڸеǧ¥
կǳأҪģҲһûвڸеǧ¥
κһССĲòƽʮկˡ
ǧ¥Ҫ§һӣ˭Ҳã˭ܲã
ǣ§һӣʧ
أҲĵǣԴǧ¥ڴפôãΪ£
Ҫ£ûʲôϵáǾǳǾͲܲСˡ
ǰǧ¥ûʲô춯˼ӣԷʮһգҲͽ˵ġ
ͻȻֵˣǲΣᵽΣյĵ١
ǣҹ¥ǵƻͨ
ԣҹٿ飬Բߡڵڶ峿ʹⱾˮݣΪӵĵһʽ
ͬʱǲһʹߣΪؿͣǰһ̽ǧ¥ʵ˳Ǽ˵
ҪǣǼ˼֮ǷԭݷгС
ǰߣȻ½԰
ǺǾͲòˡ
һ죬ɳʹߣһԪڵѪ̸죬ʽǧ¥ǰݼ
ĸ¿һƵ졣
е飬ǸһдһϡûУٿ


488 ˫ʹ
Ѫ̵ĸһݲ԰׿
ܳΪѪ̵ĸλȻҲ򵥡
Ҫǣ֮УλǼƵһ˳֮ΪǶǡ
ԣܳΪǲǰǧ¥ˡ
šء
شӣǧ¥פطΧʱ򣬶ʱͣ˽ŲҲǰ
ǹء
ԴϴѪ̽ǧ¥ڳԱ֮Ѫ̾˽ǧ¥ڷΧİ֮ڣ⿿ơ
ԣѪ̵ĸǼ縺ΪȶҪǧ¥Ͻɲҽ㹻
ǲһӣʽǧ¥ڣһӢ
Ӣ˼飬ᣬŶʱԷһʾúźš
һٺɫ̻𣬲ټϲУֶȻ֮أСȴżʡ
ٺɫ̻𣬳ҫҹɽ﷽Բǧ¥еˣȻҲü
ûǵ̫ãصŮǧ¥ׯ԰ڿŶرԡ
֮ǰѸϢᵽģŮ֮һҲǴͷ˵λ°׷꣬Ȼ߳Ѫ̸ǰ
ûн΢ЦȻʩ񣬽ǧ¥ׯ԰֮УȻ˷ٿѯǵ⡣

ͬʱ
ǧ¥ڣ°׷Ѫ̸ʱԣǧ¥ԭˣһơϡĴڣҲ֪ǣУȴˣѾȻׯȥǰկѰһҿʮͨݻĿջס¡
ҪǣҿջλģϢռΪ㡣ңȴȡΧҸ͵ĿջԲע⡣
ۣ̾һϢϢͨĵط
ҹ
ƻͨĿջ߽һ˵޵ߣ˶ˣһŮ
ӣһ۾Ȼʲôǿſմۺ΢Ц¿֣ʲôҲû޺
һ˶ЦǺǵģһ´ɽ·һشŵƤ
һ£ϣп׽ӽҲرĺͰףӵ
еһŮӣȻһ㱡ɴɲ֮ò
ջУʱϵľƿͣʱ۽⳯Ǳɨһ£ۺ̰ϵǿƣȴû˸ҳ俿
ȻԣЩĿˣóˣȻͲ󣬵Ȼҽ߽ȻǼ򵥵ˡ
Ҫģϣ֣һλ޵ߵơ
޵ߣͨУǾˣһһ׳磬綯ƣǸһĴڡ
Ҫһŭ˶Ҫꡣ
ԣȻв̰òŮӵɫȴûи֮ڿڣ֮Σֻ۽͵͵Ĺۿ
ԴˣŮȴûںֻĵģֻ·˵أڴǳС
ʱˣտʼ˷ܣҲȥڣֻص⣬ǰʱһʱĽ¡
˵ûУǰѾãλңһ֮֡
ǰǰֹǰλңжʮλ֣ʮλʦȫһ֣֮ˣ˵һˡ
ʲôôܽô֣û˳ֹ𣿡
꣡
˵˵꿴˿ܣɨһȦأһھƣż˵
˵Ҳ򵥣˾㱻ܣҲŭԣɣΪǳ׿ĸ֣ս
˭ô
˾棬̲סʣ׷ʡ
˵һ΢ЦΣֱЩͷȥһذϢһζؿ˵˾¥ʮУһ¼ҶӣҲ֮ʱˣųƽ콾
콾ʤѩ
ʤѩ˭
ЩײˣϢͨԲû¼ҵĴȻҲ֪ʤѩ˭
ֵ֪һЩˣ޵һЩϵӴˣ޲ɫ䡣
ʤѩ֮ڣһλ޵ŵ츳֮
˵ھγɵתԪϢԶľѨλ֮С
֮ʱܳʮԪ񲻹ʮ꣬ѾﵽѨ۷֮
޵ڶ࣬ģȴ޼ɢ壬ϡޱȣѵһ


489 
˿ҵҵפӡ
ӵе֮֮࣬ӣ޵Ӱ
Σ޵磬ҪӣҪҡ
ңɣɽͷӵؽ磬س
УҪ˵ΪͣΪƵģɾе߻ᣬ¥ʮңʮҵľ޴
ʮУҲи֮֡
УνĽһң˭ͬشһǽ¼ңųƽġ¼塱
¼壬֮ôΪ䴫оԶٹ̡
Ϊ¼ңһ꣬˽ܵ飬ΪƵΪһʱǿߡ
Уٶʮǰ¼ҳһλţµϡ
ͨɣóͨһٶʮϹͼУ˾֮Ц£֮ȡΪ
ʲôƷףûжۣΪǿҲҪʹǿ
Ǹʱ¼λµϣˡ˰ڷĸˣǴ޵֣Ʒͷһʱ
ˡ˵ĳһλһս
µԵʱѨ۷ΪȻ·磬ӲƴһǧУΪĹޣ֧ߣԴ䲻
λһսķ֮ûãҲ֮Բţ֮λڸԼĵӣʱһ̾Ӣţ񹦡
Դˣ֮룬ڰڵڹȻƷûΪȵƷ
ֻϧȻµϵʧšҲ֮ʧ
Ҫã¼һڣͳһµϣǾʹˡ
һʮǰ¼ٳһλš
˲ӣȻһλŮӣò绨Ϊ񣬶䶯
ţһһЦضҡϡ
츳ǰʮ꣬ĬĬʮʱ֪ΪΣȻңһλޡΪʦ
꣬ΪѾȻʦ֮Ц˵ѾҲûܴģ¡
µʱ䣬һֻ꣬䣬޵磬Ϊ䶯㵹
Ӣţݵʯȹ£Ϊ뵽¼ҵ׵ˣ̤¼ҵĴš
ʱһ䣺Ӣţ¼ҡ
˵Ĳ¼ţ˵ţûһܲ޹ûģԸΪֻһ仰һ֣һЦݣ㾡һС
ϧǣ˵飬ΪκһӶ꣬´˵;֮̾ȴûпһӡ
ʧ˵ȥһɽ޵Ӵ˲֪ټ
ǣǼʮ䣬ӡ֮ǱȰҪҪ䶯֡
»ޣֽ󣬽滨¼ҡ
һʱڡӡʱ
µϣӵķ׷ʧ¼ҳ˽ꡣ
Ϊ͵ͷˣǾʹˡ
ʮǰ¼ٳһλţˣǺųߺ֮ףܵġպá
˵Сʣ츳ˣʮﵽԪ֮ʮͻѨһ֮ܳһͷһʱ
˵ٶȺԣλ棬µϣԼӡ³й֮޲
ӼƪԼԼλĹ¼У븴ԭ͡ӡµѧԼ
գȻûгɹȴҲһžԺľѧ
žѧСǱʮʽȻֲͬȷȴ̥λµġԼ
ĳЩԣй֮޲
¶ʮ꣬ճΪײеľףǧΪ֮Ľѣųӵá
ϧǣ֪ΪΣţʮ֮ǰħ¼Ҿѣ֪ˡ
һʱĴ˵գɾߺ֮ף񡰻׵Ĵһãʧ
˵һҲͰˣƺ¼ÿһʱֵĸǻԸָʽĪķʽʧ٣Ϊ⣬˲²⣬ͷԡ
ǣպȻʧˣ¼һһѷһȴҲٵ
Ǿһ˫ֵ콾ġ̤Ỷ
ȻΪ磬λû֡պôҲһĴڣ¼ҵԱ׹


490 Ͼʿ
Ỷߺ֮壬Ϊ˷ȴӲٶɷɿ죬仪ףԶʤֳá
ȻѷҲ֧¼ʧ֮׹
ỶվޣȻһ츳μȴûʲôĵã¼Ȼûû䣬ȴҲûӭˡ
˵ʱһ֮˫¼Ӧٴθˣָٹʱ򣬿ǽûС
Ỷʧ֮ǿ¼ҽʮ꣬Щġ
ʱû뵽·ž¼⼸һ㣬һ죬¶¼ҳ֡
Ǿ¼ҵĴӣһ±ʤѩ
ãỶȣ¼ҵӡ
ãỶ֮ϣиĸڡ
ǵĸĸ֮ϣ˶档
ԭΪ¼⼸ʮڣãỶٳһλһʱҪٵȼʮ꣬ϰꡣ
ûУ·ǽһ㣬³ʤѩ츳һ㲻常й֮
ٶȣ˵ʱġպãﵽһ˵ľ֮
ͬΪ꣬ʮŽԪʤѩֻ꣬ʮʹﵽ˻Ԫ֮ͨˣһҲﲻľ硣
ʮͻѨʤѩ죬ʮ꣬ѾѨ֮䶯
ٶȣ˵ڽ󣬾Ƿ޵磬Ҳһ
˵ˣʤѩǰʮǲеģͲ¼Ҷֵܣ¼콾ˡ
ڣףõȣسΪһʱĴ˵Ϊǹе
һʱḡа䣬Ӧѩ飬ɴһֵ˸Ʒһʮְʱ̡
ʤѩЩʱֻꡣ
Ǻܶ˸¶ԣְ¯һ̣һԲ͡

ԶŮҲԱ߾ʤѩ¼տʼЩģԽɫԽȡ
¼ңʤѩ֣ǻǵһ
Ͳʮ꣬ȴѾһ˿˵ĺۼ֮Ϊһ콾
˵ҪһС仹ãǣЩ˵˼ֻ⽭һĵһˡ
ˣ㼮Ǿһͷײˡ
߰棬ߺһʮꡭ
ѵ׷ϣҽһְ
۾Ȼ²ڣº͵꣬΢΢𣬶˵ÿһֶŹ
ǰʤѩʱѾѨʵˣڣʵأҲսңһʱ䣬䣬µĽ֣ʹʮλһһλ
ʦҲʤʤö١
һ֮ǰɽսʱΪѾﵽѨڵϼһϼնΪϣڱ
һĸ֮ǰˮկλѨկʮλԪ۷ĸկһһĴˮկŻڽĶӴ˳ȥĳƺš
һ֮ǰĪ壬ս¶ͣٵĺսɳʤ£Ϊһһˡ
һȺĶսֵķʽ󼸺Ľһһ£֮ƣɴ˶
˵Ҫȥμһ֮ϾʿޣҪϾʿ޵ĵһˡ
Ͼʿޣ
ԣʱ󾪣漴ֲĿ¶㽣˵Ͼʿޣ޵崦֮һÿһʮֻ꣬һ״ڡÿһʮؽµʮһȵʿְ񡣡
һʮ꣬Ͼʿ޵ĵһˣӦ߰еɣųơ桯ӡ
һʮ꣬ϾʿײĵһˣѾȥģԭϯӣС֮һ׵Ȳеֿնɡڤ
ҲˣӮϾʿޣȻûߺȴһ㲻ߺ֮¡
ʮ꣬Ͼʿ޵һԽһϺȴûһҽ󡣡
ҽ˽ܵ飬ȴʮ꣬û֮λΪ裬һʮ꣬Ҫд𣿡
ʤѩڣȻᣬܳɹʱҽ󣬿ɾʹ粻һˡ
ţ˵պϾʿ޵ĳѡҪʼʱ򣬲֪կУǲҲʸһޡ
֪ӦòܰɣϾʿ޵ޣޱ߳ǡʹǷޣӦҲֻдǲУҪμӾѡĵӣֻȥʳǣ̫׳ǵȴǣܼʸμӰɣ
ٺ٣֣ɲȥʱһȥʳǣɣʱ򣬿϶к֣ܶǰȥμӣ˵ǻܼʤѩء
Ըɣٺ١
ԣĿ¶㽣УȻʲôϾʿޣʮԣңӦһµʢ¡


491 Ͼ
̫׳ǣʳǣϾʿޡ
Щ˵Уȴ֪ԱߵˣҲùġ
̫׳ǣʳǣԼϾʿЩϢʱһǳŮ˼һۡ
Ļ꣬Ȼͷʹ棬Ϊ׵İЦ˵
ʢᣬҵô֮ǰȻţʢ£ʦȥμӿ϶ʤ飬󣬵ʱ򣬲֪ǵļƻǷ
ԣΪףһֱ鵭İˣתһ䣬ϵһһڣЦһ˵
ǣϾʿͷÿʮſһΣʶ֪١ѡÿʮǿļӵ̨֪ģмֽ
Ҳֻ⡣Ѱƽ֪ʱӦҲյϢˡ
֮⣬ֻΪսڸЩϢĴټǻϢԲŲ֪ѡ
պҪǰʳһ𣬲֪Ͼʿ޵Ĳμӣʲôż
꣬ʵ
΢Цպš
˰ΣɴŮ¶ڴԼ֪ǵ˼
ԥһջǵͷЦҲãʢᣬʮһΣݴպǾǰʳһۡ

˵һ£ѹƺյǼƺʵڣկľ϶ᱻ򿪡
ʱ򣬵ǵʳʱֱӽȻµݣǽӽǽһң¼ң̽ǵܡ
á͵һ仰ˡ
˴ӺɴŮ¶ϲͲЦǵУǿԿóǵ˷֮顣
Դˣ΢΢һЦĿҲ¶һ˿ڴ
徳ʿޣ޵һ£ڴ̨֮ǿߣΪˣҽõٱ
˵ܻĵӣһȨ㲻ֻܻҪڴ̨֮£ΪһʱĴ档
֮ǰġ桱ӣ֮ġֿնɡڤϾʿ޵İĳһʱһʱʽ
ȻǵĹѾȥɲǡ

ʱһζ
ѱϣûʲôϢ֮󣬰ЯӣɴŮ߻¥ϣδ
ڶ죬ǾȻǶȥһʳǵķȥ
կУߺƽҲֻƽһ
漴ڵ죬կУһ¡

֮ǰ
Ѫ̸شеӣǰҹɽǧ¥һ̸֮һ𾪵ľ
կѪ̣°ãóԼ֮һΧǧ¥ǧ¥ʽ֣ƹܣˣȫ棬ʾš
иտʼϢˣһӦǲš
̶ȷϢֲ֮ɣˣĪͬһʱˣ
Ƿˣôƽ޹ʵؾͽԼɵΧͣ
ɲƽΪһССĿڽǣҪ֣Ѫ˵ġ
ǷˣǾ⵽вȣ
Ҳ
Ȼ㲻ʲôկǣҲһ˵һĳǿ֯
ǧ¥һĴηµʵǣҪĿзһԵȵգճ֣
ңҲӦʴȣ߳ɣֻȡɣҲһη˵óġ
ǼȻ𷴵𣬺ԲɴϳǳǣֻСӬԼߣӷ
ңҲţǧ¥һ˴Ŀ⣬ҲܷկСطȥʳǣ̫׳ȴǣҪ㡣
ЩԲǣǾֻС潻ˡ
ЩˣѾ뵽һ㡣
ЩˣȴŽɣףǧ¥ֻռ˰ɽ֮ǰûկзչкοɸ湲ͬ㣿
ֱһϢЩ˲ŻȻ򣬼ȶ̾ѣףΪʲôǧ¥᲻סڳУפڳ⣬μկǵ䣬ȴռҹɽﷶΧ
һССկǣΪλǵˡ
һЩһܡ
ҹɽ֮ڣһϾϾһִϡģÿһͼֵǧ
Ҫ˵ص£һͷϾˡ
֮ǰǧ¥һֱռܣĿɣӲκˣΪ˷ֹϢй©ǧ¥ˣҲ˽
ֻǲ֪ΪΣһȴӣϾϢ£óɵ棬ռһɣͬɡ
֮ӦǣҲóԼڳڵ淶ΧΪ
ֵֵãֻҪ˽Ͼϡˣԥ˵һ䣺ֵ
ֻǣһԭռϾǧ¥ԳԿΪҪô
ڴ̽ԭǧ¥ϾڣڷһħѨԴԴϵĶħ֮й˴ħռݡ
ǧ¥ɲȥˣҪɣҪЩħ顣
ǧ¥ð̽룬ʮӺڻ޹󲻵òϣƾԼһʵƱزЩħĶ֣۽Ҳ޷Щħ
ԣǲ뵽취ϾĿȨ
ȻӵһϾĿȨΪ˱֤ȫȶĿȥ϶ҲҪɳһͬڵħ


492 ʳ
һǧ¥ֻǸɵϾȨȴϾڵħ⣬üȥĻᡣ
ǣȴջկǣӪ˲֪Χ֮һ
ô㣬
ˣֻǾ֪̾ǧ¥ΪʲôҪƫƧ֮ؽׯ԰һƫƧɽôꡣ
ֻ߾̾ҹɽ֮ϾȻһϾΪʲô֮ǰ汲סôҲû˷֡
ֻߣԭˮڵĴĳκ
ֻһЩ˿һ£կԭμӵĴϾһϣ٣ǧ¥ϵĪ档
һ㣬ҲڽıĴ֮Ĺϵ֮ľף̸ܸеķʽľ
γɶ棬կڵͨ˵ȻǺ¡կǵĴ˵ҲǺ¡
ΪǼ˷Ӯ˹ͬԻĿռ䣬ǿռ䣬Ĺͬ塣
ֻǣΪǣͷ֮һǧ¥ܴӴУֵõʲôôأ

ʳǡ
ҳ㽭ϣǳ֮һ̫׳ǣǣâǵȣϳҳ顣
ҳУãһţȻλĵޱ߳ǡ
ޱ߳Ϊ㣬ʣǣͨĽͨҪλʮҪ
ԣǣ˿ڶǧڣʳ¥ۣ̾֬ŶᣬӦӦУһɷʢ
佨̶ֳȣԶͨСǡ
կֵȼĳУʳǵǰȫᲢۣҪһݣǾһؤһһ޳еĸ̣վһγɵǿҶԱȡ
ûҳ飬ɫʳǣ˵оǹ
֣Ȼ˵Щףɵһǣӵʱ֤ǵĲ
ʳǣǸʮɣһǧԽװΣ̫һգأһɽճء
˵ƽʱݳҪͨʱ䣬ͳһӡ
˳˶ֱڳǽĶϣϣϣȰ˴λųư˶Ρ
ǳ֮ڣֶϣÿһλ˶
λ˶ֳ𶦵λֳ񶦵ʳǰ˶Ȩ
½ڣʳǣʮرһǳء˶־棬ʮϡ١
ΪƸ֮һ
֮ޱ߳ǣ̻ͨҪö࣬ӵöࡣ
˵Ľ⡣
ޱ߳ǣ˵λãλñҪҪҵȷǲ˴
ȻΪһǣҲԶǡ
꣬ЯŻӣɴŮһ˲һյĵ֮ʻʳǡ
ǵʳǵʱһ֮УϦ֮ʱߵĲƣ͸Զʳϣһԡ
ԶԶ䲻
ʻŮˣڸо˺կȻͬ־档
һ䣬ܸоһ£ʹʱҪŶӽǵˣųһںڵĳֱ֮ͨ
ңŮ˲ͨˣ޵ͨţԲþŶӵȺ֮࣬ɵľʻʳǵԲιţ뵽ʳС
˴д˻ֳ˳򣬸һկǽᣬԼ沽ڳ׼һŵ㡣
һңŷѡ
ֹǣΪϾʿ޵ԭֻҳУзޣԣҪۿϾʿʢˣЯҴڣڽ֮ڸϱǣҪռλãʢ
ôˣټʳԭͨ˿ھ㹻࣬һҵУʱʳڣԭеĿջ¥ȫΪ
Щǰһµûж䣬ֻܽסޣҲһĳá
ǮʹĥջңûУֻҪУȻ뵽취ʹ˳á
վʳҲɵġʿջ֮⣬Ը£˰ƱջҪϷ
˵ʱ򣬱˵ʿջȵطͨջѱȻģȺڣԹ۵¶мһӵģ
Ůӣȴ˿Ҳģ΢ЦվԭأȺ
ȻûãӲһЦػһλֵƹһЦݶ϶쿴۾ǺŮһем
߳һǶǶŮǾϹҾԭǳ´ٵѣȻջѾû˷䣬ǣǻر䶥ͷƽʱǲ⿪ŵģҲкö˴Ҫǿͷֹˡγ´û˵ģջλˡ


493 ϼĽһ
ܵˣλһʿջƹ¶˱飬ǾˣһԼĶ䡣
ʲôʱʿջƹôˡ
Ҫ֪˵ջϲӭ˷ͣһĿջƹ񣬶ЦӭˣǣʿջϾͬ
ʳߵĿջһĶǴٹ壬ߣƽ붩һ䶼ѣҪ˵ʱ
ö֮ΪӴ˸ˣҲ˶ʿջʿջƹ۽ҲˮǴߣܶͨˣѾˡ
ԣǫЦһӣѾʮټˡ
Ǻǣãò廹ǵõҳ¼֮ǷǮҪסһ£һºٿ֪Űɡ
˵꣬ЦǺǵļ磬ʮ⡣漴һӣӳһɫ֯ߵĽƹĻ
ģδ򿪣涼¶⡣
ⲻǻƽ𣬺ȻǵǮ
磬ͨˣֻͨƽ𣬵֮ˣʹõģ̺һ֮ģǮˡ
ǮȻҪȻƽǧ򱶡
ʿջƹûȥȡȴæƾܵôʹãȻǳ´٣ⷿǮôҲģǮջȥ
ҡҡͷֹסĶò壬ˡ֪ʲô飬̣ǳջģס˲ǮģҲ֪ҳ¼ҲǾң˹أ˵ȥ
Ļо̵ɡԸʱ䶥ͷøǣѾˡڷѣȴ򲻿ٵġ
ˣ¥ͬ˳СŪһϺþƲˣ¸һ·糾ͣˡ
ǣǣǡ
ƹ˵ʱ˵ֽУʱųǿҵЦݣһջ
úúã´پܷģԴȥ롭

ʿջƹǰԴ·Цؿһ۰ɴŮеĵⲻδ˵˶óʡô»òɡı顣
꣬ɴŮ΢΢һЦ˭Ҳûп˼ֱƹ¥ݣûһ漴Ρ
ԶˣԼΪεĽýʽٸϡ
һƹĴ£˱뵽¥һ𣬵񻨴̵صļ߹Ϸ֮С
ֵƹһЦݣָָ䶥Ϸ̵֮ġ졢ءˡ֣һ˵λ뿴ʿջջּ䣬ּ䣬ּ䡣ƽʱǾ⿪ŵģǻ׹ݣʹߵʸס
죬øλȽȥʲôҪʱСᣬģλʧ
ãȥɡ
˻֣ƹ񣬺Ͱ꣬ɴŮҲݻһ䣬ַ
䷿䣬˼һСԺôֿ࣬ңԡңй۾̨һС԰ˮǽֻ
صǣн;̨֮٣ֹ̳ϹһȱӦоС
ʹǼˣҲ̾ڣһ׿ջӪݻ޵УĲãҲ
Ͼ֮ˣ·ģҵ֣ûзˣһӺ̣ܶ˼ĸá
ص˵ͷ漴˳ּеİּ꣬ɴŮۼֿ죬ѡεһ䣬ּ䡣
Դˣˣ΢΢һЦľٶҲֻһЦ֮⡣
ݻĲãҲһͷ˵˴ǹͣиҪȥ
ˣΪ˲̽Ϣѡ
ŮȻ쵽н˵صѩ´ˡ
կǣǧ¥еĻ°׷꣬Լü۵ĲӣȻư֣Լѩĸ磬ձ
˷ֹڰֵ鵱¼콾ıռϢ
Ϊ¼ڴ˵ʵ̫󣬸ٹ̣óȻжݾߣŸգ׼СŴشկһתСǣתٽޱ߳ǣӽ¼ҡ
һǵݣоݿɲ飬ټԼӪڴ˵ܾݵ㣬˴еĿģ࣬ɹҲҪˡ
կǵǧ¥ڴ˵һСݵ㣬ľݵ㣬ʮǧ¥΢һѡ
νϾȻҲġ˴ţ߹󣬵ÿҪĵʲ֣ҲǾ˵ģðڣȻҪĲƸԴ
ֲ¸̽ӣƿصһЩǣؿֲ԰Ȼ֮һ
ҹɽϾһǰһλִ֣ⷢرڣΪ˷ֹ죬Բڴ˽ǧ¥пɡ
УѩձԽѲʹ壬ǰѲӽصҵԼ̽ߵϢһ󲻷㣬ʱµ¼
ư֣ӣΪԪӣѩձ˵ֵݣ˵ء
ϣǧ¥ǰʹȴѩˣһ£ͷ˪׵ư֡
ѩˣʳǣۿϾʿ޵ĴᣬУܲܵõʲôõѶϢ


494 ϼĽ
Ƭ̣ʿջСһʢľƲˣأ£ȷһ๦
ȶǷˣڿڸ֮⡣ˣȥɰͷȥԼʿջĴǺεȲ
һСΪͣͲС˳ȥ˱ʳһ֮漴ԼһͬȥʳתתͶûжԣϢ
ҹ˸ǧ
ҹʳǵҹҲͱ𴦲ͬ
ɲʮ֮ڵĽӣƳһܣҳ㽭
֮ϣʵƣչ¶
֯ڽӵԱߣ͵̸ЦһԵľ߸ʹֺ
ʿջӵԱߣһҲ۵һ
Ȼ֯ڿջڵѩˣȴ㶼ûд֣Ϣ
˵˵磬ʣҲֻһʱ
ģԶǸߵĵɴԶ;
ʹ࣬ʹȴѡ
ģȻո޳ɣţûдﵽС֮
ǿûˮϵľ֮ǰŹҲԶСɣ
ԣĿǰȻҲոһյظķȡɱܣʹ䲻˲ѡ
ҪҪ취ˮϵľ
²ʺĳľٳŵġˮδ롱ľܲ١
ȻҪȥѰһˮ֮ء
ֻкˮżȻһߵĻʣֳľ
Ŀǰ·֮У֮Ҳûг޷Ӧԣʺֹ
£Ҳֻеȴȹһʱ䣬ߵ鴦꣬취ȥѰһһȻ
ʱӵˮȻȱ˸ףҲ׳ɹˮδľ
ʱţﵽСɡ

ϤйķһȦһȦߣһ˿˿ʪˮϵ·ʪɻãľдԽء
ÿһأһ졣
ÿһ죬ڵɵĵôһ֣ôһ֡
Ȼ󣬵ܸо磬ܸо˵ʲô
֪Ǿˮϵľû򵽵ԭ
ϣһй˰壬Ÿʽ
ʽȻҲпܴͨһ¡
·ɼࡣ
ҲںΪѧϰ֮ǰ֪Ʒûô
ңǳҲ֮ܳΪƷˡ
ѶԽҲպ޳Խ
СС谭ǲڵģ˳Ȼˮɶѡ
£ӦϤʹԼ˲
ңȻûˮ죬һӣôҲһӡ
ټʿջλþѣӵּй۾λѵһ䡣
ղʦ˵Ǿǣһͷλãڽӵġۡ
һͨ׵˵Ҳͬǵߵߴ֮ϣƬطҪҲǾɫˮŨ֮ء
ֵطȻʺˮϵת
ʱһһֹȥתʮʱ֪µĽӣȻû뵽ı仯
һˮƾմڶػڿУȻγһʮ׳Ӱ
ӰסѹأԽԽǾӨӰԽԽټϴںҹ֮У߿֮ϣȻڽ棬ȴҲû˷֡
ֻУżһһӹһ⣬ĵģʮȴ֪ʲô
գӰСһ߳ʵʰ͸ˮ֮󣬼ܵڵȻݡһƻּбĿ֮ϡ
Ȼ󣬱ǿһͻΪһߣ˲䣬ͬȻܼĪ֪ı仯
һ𣬶ʱЩȵתһȦԼڵĵȻ֪׳֮࣬һҵӡ
ôܣ
¶죬ţΪȫ޷ó顣
ƽʱҲȻĸûгֹôܽյһ½֮ڣȴﵽ˼һǧĽ
⵽Ƿʲô
ѹȣĿǰѾѨ۷ΪֻһʹﵽѨڡ
ԭΪƿҪһʱ䣬֣һ£ԼѨڣѾֻһˡ
ҿ˵ڵĵۻ̶ȣȫһѨڣѵ
ǰȻҲоƿ֪ƿʱɶʱܹͻơ
ڣѾ֪ǵƿѷ죬׵֪ٹ죬Լĵһˮɣǵӣһȫͬľ硣
ǾǡѨڡ
֪ģղҪͷ踣콵֮Ȼ˵½еˮ֮顣
ɽӣԣӾǧѬ壬Ҳˮ֮顣
ƽʱˮ֮ǲģڣΪǾȻΣرգ˵ǧ궼һĺ¡
ȻҲּĵйأôڽӵġ֮ۡأҲպþˮ֮顣
⻹ҪлӣΪ˳ӣӲõʿջʿջָպӵҪλ֮ϣⷬ
һˣһֹһص㣬߻һľһʱ䣬ܣֽյľ档
Ȼҹ֮󣬽ˮʧ˳ǾۼƸҪɢɡ
Щ֪Ҳ𣬻ֲء
Ȼ֣Ǻ£Ҳҿ踣죬Ҳʱ䣬ֳϣһֱֲ׺޵ԭйء
ΪûҲͲн
ҡͷƬ̣벻ף飬ֱ¶ǰףֹͣһֹ
һߣѩӣҲиڶĵ
¥´ϣѩܸоһЩͬȴ˵ﲻͬƺϵˮϵϢŨˡ
ѩҲˮϵԶϢ׽һЩ
ǻϵ˹زϣֻĪЩʣԶһ㡣
֣Ҳ˵Ȼټû̫Ӱ죬Զû⣬ԹһЩ֮˱㼴ʳУܼ϶Ҳֵһȥ
ϾʿޣʳǷޡ
ֻǵķϣʤʮȡóһٻֳɼˣмǰޱ߳ǣμӸߵĽѡ
֮أ˲ǧ򣬸ǣˣܲμϾʿ޵ģˡ
Ͼʿģ϶٣˵ˣʮ㲻
еʱֻмʱһûУ⵰Ҳûпܡ
ϧ꣬϶Щͬ
ΪĽ󣬸ҲкܴĲͬˡ
һĽпܣժȡϾʿ޹ڵһطȻҲĿ


495 ϼĽ
֮˵Ϊ⼸Ľ󣬳˵һժȡϾʿ޹ڵ޵콾ʤѩ֮⣬ǳλˣɳĻ͡
磬ԶҩĽңһǧħ£µ׵ܵܡ
Ȼʦ˴֮һ󣬵ҲֻǽӽѨվṳ̂ơ
ܵܣȴ
ûа˴κһţȴƾǲЩͼףͨѨ֮
ңѨֽ̡
˵츳ڰһм
˴˵֮ǰƳһöʧѾãӽûֹġѩŮ֮ŭ
öѩŮ֮ŭҵĳҶɻҪһųв벽ƾˡ
״̬ıѩŮ֮ŭڸ߾ϣвǿߣҲûпܡ
Ȼƾһöͽһλǿ߻ɱҪ˵谭һ˲ȴǺġ
ǡѩŮ֮ŭΪҵڶǿİ
ڵһǿİСe㡱û˼ľģʧ˵һ˼䣬ضᶯҡ
Ȼǵȴ˵Ϊҵ˹ţ˼ɵְǸܳġ
ˣӵһöѩŮ֮ŭħ£Ҳʮֿ£벽ǿһս
˰֮ħ֮⣬ˣͬ£ǿ
ˣ֮һ˵һˣʵǶˡ
ˣȴʮرΪ磬ֻһˡ
ˣ߻ᣬ¥ʮУ¥еǵһ¥¥¥˫ӡ
˵˫ӣһģһһ˫̥
˽Բ˵ˣΪֱۻûзֵֿͬͬһˡ
˫ӣжӦܣӦ
˵˳֮ʱ࣬һһͷ֪ôȻ϶ΪһһͷܲĹ
漴ܲĹ︩£漴¥¥ķ˷䣬Ȼһ˫ӣȴʮģһ˫ӣƽʱϲԷ㡣
ö֮ΪһжˣֵܣȻӵ֮ͨġ
ԷֻһֻҪһԷиӦԣ˫ӣˣ˶ԣ
һͬһʱ䣬ˣ죬ټ츳Խж츳¥Ѽнԡ
ͬһģһһˣֻѨڣ֮ȴһѨڻ¡
ҪǣԷԷֹһһңһǰһܺټ˼٣ת·ߣȻͬ
ĹҲ죬һսʱ˸֮Уȫһ
ΪӦӦܣҲһϾʿڵһѡ
ħ£ӦӦܣˣǲС
ˣһǽ߻ᣬ¥ʮ֮У֮ףǰ˾ϡ
ƽʱһɷ棬ҡһʾˣСǾ͵ùˡ
Ǳȣȱʮȹǽʮһö񣬻󷨼ӳϣɳƷʤ
˱ڵǰȴ˳֮Ϊšƽʱ֣еǰ˴һ֣¾ûлڡ
ǽıˣڵǰﲻ꣬ͺ֪ܿ˵ǰǶΣΪĸʲô˵Ҫȥ죬ȻķչѸ١
ҴʮᣬΪҲʣҲμһϾʿޡ
ԲΣ˶־Ὥ˵һʮǿɲĶ֡
ڳħ£ӦӦܣ˾֮⣬һˣͬЩر
ΪУΨһһŮȻһŮӵģɢ޳ĹŮޣųơޡ塣
ˣƺıĳƺŴճƺҲУޡ
޴˵ĳҲʮִ棬˵丸ĸţǳŰټҷģʮʱһ·ĵʿУΪӣ꣬Ϊµɢ޸֡
£ⴳϹŻ񶴸õһź黨ӣԼ֮£ʮ꣬ľĻѪڿ뻨һˣ˾ǻ
Ǿ޵ʮ֮һޡ
һ֣һӰ֣˾̾漴֪С
˵ʱûֵĶһ޻ȫţǸ֪Ǻεȵܣ
ħ£ӦӦܣ˾ϣޣⶼǽһһ֣һϾʿޣز
ԣһĽȻįˣַǳ


496 ϼĽģ
ңħ£ӦӦܣ˾ϣ󶥼֮⣬Ի
ﵽѨѨڣڵ֣֪ж١
ң˵ڳʤѩ֮⣬ߵˣ֪֮ûʲôصĸ֡
һǳһĽʿޣȻΪ֡
ȣȳ棬ȻҲĻУǲ
ңָʱڣһССʳǣȻûǵֿɿ
֣ûлʳǵģ˵һһûУǾǲˡ
ϾħڵĽң̫׳ǣٷְٻȥ̫׳ǲμ̫׳ǵʿޣ
ӦӦܣеĽ¥Ǵҳ㽭֧֮һϡ
ԣҪȥģ϶ҳеĲǡ
˾ϣޣûж
˾ڵĵǰҳеκһ֮ϣǴϱߵɽ
ǰҲɽеĵһ¼ڽĵλһǰɽеʵۣ֮İ
ԣпܳҳеκһǳء
һˣɢޡޡޣΪûأǻ׻ѡһǳشޣǱ˶޷Ԥϵ顣
ԣǵʳǾڵĳʱڣʳе׻Щ֣˻ɡ

£֮
ĻҶѾƮ㣬£ۻ׳̻Ի͵ʳǣʳϣһλ߹ŵӣ˼
֮ǰʳģһ޴ʹ㳡֮ϣܾΧĻ治ʱ˽ô˵ĺ档
ô̽Ҳ̽˵ЩʲôЩˣӲȥһ̽ȴץס棬ΧĻ֮ϣ˳ĿʺĽ֡
һ£˶ˣ֪·ͬСɣҲû˸ð踣в̽ҲԽ͸ء
ʱ˼ҹʱ֣˳שʯϣܱߵĻҲԽԽߣԽԽߣʱ֣Լɼһ޴ĺӰԲɣԼʮףʮ׳ΰֻǲ֪ʲô
δ֪˵ģΪµأ˸˵ע⣬ֻһЩλߣˣ֪һ֪ǼҪΪϾʿ׼
½ֶϣУ徳
Ͼָ󣬽ңϣ󺣣Ͻħ֮ȣߴط
ĽֻϾͼļ֮һСѡ
˲ţ˲ʢϾȴֹռ߷֮һͼС֮һ֮һˡ
Ȼɼ˲ʢĻ͡
һգУȻ䣬һЩ㳡ˣȻ֣ԭΧʹ㳡ΧЩʿȻȫˣΧĻҲ֮¡

˼Ļ֮¶һԲطֱͨصһں̨ʱɴ󻩡
˺ں̨Լɣоɣ岻֪ʲôɣͨ͸һΰʢˡ
̨ʷΣȴһԲδȦȦʺ֮ᣬͨ죬һشŵġ֣ī죬ա
ϵģǲɾΪʳǴľֱʡ
ľԽʮ֮һľңʳ֮ˣСͰϰ䣬ͼ¡
ĽҶ֪ʮĪ⣬ּȴ࣬Ϊ
֪ˣȴһ۾ϵóּΪּʵ̫Ʈݣ̫ˣһ۾޷
գЩˣȻڴ̨֮ϣʳǳɡľּʵڲò˵ʮ־ˡ
⵽Ǹʲôģ
ͨһĪԽԽ޵۶ЩͨΧȦӣ֪Լô˳ȥģ͵Ȧ֮⡣
Χ޵߳⣬һи޵߲ϸ
ѩӣ֮ǰѾ˲̽һΣĻţֻص˿ջŲ
ֱգоУͬѰͬʱѣƿ˳һЦ
Ҫʼˡ
˳ٴǰǴʹ㳡ȥûϵ˾͸оɽ˺ޓ
ʹ㳡ȻҲʳ֮أҲûн֮ƶһѡ
˶Ƿˣ΢һƿȺԶǰߣƬ̣ʹ㳡֮ڣںľ޴̨
ɴޣΪע
ΪΪ
˵ָʤȦȦߣ
ָʧܵ˼
Ȼ̨֮սʧ֣һ̨ɥҲֲˣֻҪԷǹ⣬ͺ׷Ρ
̨֮ǰҪ׼
ѩңһһʵλãվĵϾʿ޵һʳǷĿʼ
ʱ̡
ȻһֿȺԶ룬̨ܡ
漴һ£ȴӣϡ
ӥǹˣһӣ֮ϣһСС𶦣еϴӽ籡Բ
ʳǶһ顣
̨£˾
ԣҲԸ⣬û뵽һ̨ĳսȻҲܳһλλȨصİ˶֮һ顣
ʳǳȻɡľ
Σλ֮µģڳֵ⡰һ飬ԼһλҲ˳֮Ϊġ
׺׸߷ɡ


497 ϼĽ壩
ľ飬ʳλԡ
ڶġ鶼ֿ̨֮ɼһˡɵּҲɼʳǶϾʿ޵ӡ
ɽ׸ģ治ա
̨Ŀ⻷ȺһۣĿʵʣȴ˽֮С
˵УҲһرĽʯ֮С
ʹ½׺ɣ᲻ʱ任ģ
ݺݵǿߣȴԶڱļ䣬һһǧ꣬˸ġ
ڣǵʱˡ
ʮһȣһǿֵıƴڵʿޣʿޣϾʿޣʿޣԼоʿޣޣѾڸԵͬ
ڣֻǳѡʱܲܰסᣬʮʣһ֪ͿԼŬˡ
ˣŴҶ׵̨ζʲô
Ͼʿ徳ʿǰ٣ǰʮǰʮʱͲҽΪ٣ҽʳǣΪ٣մǵĹ⡣
࣬
һǿߣõǵֿ̳ʯԶʸ񡣡
Ȼеѣܵʯģ֮ѵһֵٮٮߡ
ҲҪģ
УһرĹƻ֮Զͼ顣
Σʹǲܽյ徳ʿޣܽϾʿֻ̨Ҫʳʿܻҳ·ĲƵĽ͡
ʤܻƣ鼶ҩεһ˵мСļʣ̤ƵѧϣͻһСƿ
ȻԽߵƿ˵ЧԽʹʱڣΪԪڣѨڡ
ѨкҲʹãЧ΢΢ޱȵһֵҩ
̨һɧȴԾûжٺ䶯ЧҲ٣Ȼϡ
εãԵֻǻԪѨ֮Ⱥ̨ģֻûһƲ硣
ֻԻԪĵҩ˵ѾʲôˣҲȥȥˣ׬һʵǮ߲һ顣
ֻĴġ
Ȼ
溬΢Цߡ
ʤ峡ָ̨ܻڶʮɻ¶һΡ¶ϴ裬ĻʣȻЧòεȴѨ۷Ⱥ޼

Ⱥ΢΢ɧЩȻ
Ȼ¶ʲô֮֮ʱ¶ˮ
δ֮ǰƿȡЧһӣֻмΡ
ңҲͰˣ¶һӶģȣҪһְֻӣ¶
Σְݲ̫ͣҲ̫ߣʮϣܳ꣬ɳϡ
񱾾Ͳϡ֮¶Ƕдõϴ֮Ȼ
һӣֻ¶һΣȡ¶֮Ҳͷˣɳȡһһ꣬ѭʱ伫ԣ¶ϣֵߣмУͨ˼Ҹûط
Ҳֻȵطȱ档ڣȻ󷽵ó͸̨ʤˣҲɼʳǵĲƴ֡
ǳأֻûȷĽ
̨֮£ѩˣҲĿ΢
εѩںǵľѳԽѨڡԳӣԼկִֵư֣ȴһá
ҲͻѨҲһ
Ҫǣ¶ȴˣдõġ
ֶɳǿǣʱͲõˣܷӳãԶʼѵ˷á
Ϊëϴ裬Ҳʡʱ覣Ҳûʲôʿϴ
ɶʱߣɳƵϵ͵ˣһЩ¶޷ӵӰ
ٶȣһ¥ͻѨڣѨ۷֮
ȶԲܴ
һ̣׼ھϳͻȻ¶˾ġϾʿޣԲݴˡ
ֻһССʳǷޣʱھоε¶ȱ֣ޱ߳ޣ徳ޣʱܵõʲôֱͣ
ҲõƷܶͻƷһãҲ˵һ
Ȼ֪ϣȽãͻƷ֮£
Ҳû̫Ϊ֪Ȼǰ˾ε¶ȶȻ̨ϵǸ𶦳û˵꣬ӦûбĶ
Ȼ
̨ϣ鿴̨ΪԼһ仰΢ЩɧͶȻȵȺʱ΢΢һЦ˵˸䶯һ仰
ʤʮͻʮ֣Ʒһ
ʤʮͻһٷ֣Ǯö

ƷǮ
һ̨̣ϡ𶦳˵һϯ˲ɳײܵˣȫզ಻ѡ
ƷҲͰˣϾǮ򵽵Ķ
һȴô׵õġ
»ңֵǮǮּͨ
ǮͼĻңȻ޵ͨʵڷ֮Ҳżܵõ
֮˶ܵõĶǾ㲻϶ˡ
ȻǮһ࣬һЩĶֲҲָֻͨı΢һЩı
׿ı붼Ҫ롣
ЩǮ򵽵ġ
磬Ǯ÷ΧһڣѨҡ
ѨϵƷپǮģŹ׵㣬һЩĻңͬսɹϹŷħķħȡ
ǶǮ
ѨϣȻҲпɹʹõͨңǾǱȵǮһģǮ
Ǯǧʮ򣬰֣ΪֻǸ롣
Ǯö֡
һöƷǮְͨǮˡ
һöƷǮֵͨǮ
һöƷǮֵһǧͨǮ
һöƷǮֵǧͨǮ
һöǮԶһһƷ
öǮǾһ֣Ǯ򲻵
Ϊ˵мۣʵתȴǲġ
ǮܻǮǮǮ


498 ϼĽ
⣬Ǯ֮УҲм֮֡
󲿷ͨıǮƷǮƷǮƷǮ
˼ƷǮǮһ𣬺ٳ֣һֻһЩĽУżеõ
ȼıǮܻȡĶҲֱǮܹȡ
˵һЩⱦ߼ƷֱǮɣԿɼϡԡ
Ҳ㻻ֻǮƷǮƷǮƷǮȴûƷǮܻƷǮƷǮܻǮġ
ֱǮֻͨһЩ;ãÿӵһöĪɾ͡
ˣܹǮ˵ֵֻϡԣ㹻ۺ죬οһԳö
ѾޱȺˡ
ɼʳǶⳡµӡ
ȻȻۺ죬ҲóõöǮҲ׵顣
ʤʮһƷ徳ʿϣ˵
СʳǷޣõ㣬ʵǿ㣬пܣһһܹ
ҪӮʮõöǮѶȣɲ屶ʮǰٱǧ򱶡
ʷϣڷϣӮʮģǲ콾
徳ʿϣŹɣȡĿĳɼ
Ǽضǣѹһǿߣп顣
⣬ָĻֻǷ̨Ľ̨Ͼ̨徳ޣҪʤʮǸһ񻰰뷨
ϣһǿߣһʱĴ˵
ƩһϾʿްףֿնɡڤϾʿȡõĳɼʮʤ
徳ʿϵĳɼ򲻹ʮʤ
ʮʤкܴ롣
徳ʿϣȡùʮʤϵģֻˡ
Ǿǣϯӣһ콾ףʮʤӵһ
ľţ¼ҵĲԣƺšպãȡõĳɼʮһʤ
ףһ԰֮ϧܣҲš
ԣպãеڶ
ˣߺУףʽ
ΪһʱĴ˵
ޣϾޣ徳ޣʱԶ˵
ڣˣҪԵĵһ⣬ҪʳǷϣȡʮʤõöǮ
ѶȣһĴ
Ҳһ޷ӵջ
ΪһЩţ֪أһ֮أдд塣
棬ǧйţ䣬Ϊľɭɽʯɽ
˵ƷףƷϹŰ伮УƷطӦӦУ
봫д壬Ҫйĳףߵõ֮⣬ҪģҪӵʮöϵǮ
ӵʮöϵǮʹ㲻ĴˣͿԽУһһЩܼĴţϡ֮С
ԵõԵõһЩƷŵƤëпľ
񹦱رһľʹûйΪҲ޴
ԣд壬ϣܶɢޣӵܣܼƷŵΨһ;
ʹǶӵеƷŵİڵӣҲӵ޷Ƶջ󣬷׷뾡һֶΣǮҪС
ϧܳɹģ޼
ܴдģָ
ÿһгģ󶼳Ϊ˾ǿߡ

˵Ǽ仰֮󣬾ʹԭ·أȥˡ
˵ʱ䱦æ
ܳոϹμһ޵Ŀ񣬾Ѿ˲ˡ
ģҲض˵
ţĽƴϧһдۣȡúóɼ
ˣǾ㹻
ʣµģȻӽأԴԴϸϹ꾫Ӣ

棬ʼ˭ϳ
һرƸĲһ̨ӣһɧȴ˭Ҳû
˶ȴȴȹ۲۲ͷ
̨ϣ²м״һЦҲΪ⣬Ȼ顣
ɿڣ
ҶԹֵۣģǸ֡ڴҶԥʱȡʤ
ղŽ˵ˣȡķʽֹһ֣ʤл֡
ÿˣǳĴޣϣܻõĻҲޡȻ
˵һתЦҪ֧ŵסС
̨ϣÿսʤһ֣һ֣ΪӮ˾УǾʹˡ
̨ϣÿսʤһΣһ֣սƽ֣սһΣ۶֡
ԣ׵ģʵòҪ̨ȻпܳΪ֡
ֳģȥҲ̨ԴҽѡǶԵģǣڲ̨̨ܵĻҲûˡ
ûлȡֵĻᡣԣڣԸëԼ̨һӢ𣿡

Ļ̨µˣһɧȻȻĶĿ˸
һ룬ҲǰֵģǸ֣Խ˵ԽʵҲȡʤȡֵʱ
ʮʤһٻֲ룬ʮʤʮ֣ܻϣ
ʵڲУʤֳʮʤֳʮҲˣܵõһݲСĽ͡
ЩˣԼʵ֪֪֮ûߵ徳ʿϣǺϾʿޣʿޣûлᡣ
ԭһˮ˼ȵȿģһȫɧˡ
һԾϳģȻȻһλϼ·һɫĿŮ
ϳͷĴ壬һʵϼʱһ漴׷׻Ȼ
ϼһΪܳλ֮һϼĽ֮ģ㡯Ϲ񡣡
벻Ҳˣ£ˣ
ϼ֮أ߻ᣬ֮һ
ϼĽȻҲǺպǿߣ벻ϳô죬Ȼ֮⡣
Ҳ˾
Ÿоˮ㣬жѡ
ʿޣͲǸͨ˿ġȡ÷ִΣ졣
˵һ
ϸΪȫûʱ֣СӸذգͦĵһ£СˮкҽԺسҽԺãûãΣգֱݿ˳鴤޷Ӧŵû겻壬ҽоȻʱָิգѹһֱҽԺ㻤ûϢҲûʱ;֡ظСתͻ¡£ܾͻҪ١ûˣϣҪκ⣬һظݴҽԺơԶûʱٶû룬ʵڱǸС΢õ㣬Ҿ
⣬쿪ʼ¡С׻ָᾡϸ£Ǹ


499 
ϼĽ֮һ㡱Ϲϳڳ˾֪ʿ޵ĲͬΡ
һʳǷޣһ˼ѣ˵ĽޣϾޣԼε徳ޡ
󲿷η˶ˡ
̨Ȥҡǡһϣ˾ҵݵλ۷ˣȡ衣
һλ㾡һˣȤ̨Ҳͱ˼ˣҽҲ͵ʲˡ
ŻһɫùݣȻҲӢͿ۴£һȵˣҡȣ΢Цſڳḡ֮һԾȺз̨
Σһ㣬ڿȦ֮ŵ̨ʽ֮
ɸߵ̨˲ÿ˵Ƕѵ£ɼɿԽ
֮£ǰȴŪûĿȴָ˻ḡ֮С
Ȼоò̫еˣǿ˶ԷĲ
ʩչʲôʱǾǲɳһٷǵ֮һġ١Ķ
벻һʳǷ޵ĵһҲˡ
޹ֺ˾ȡ
֮أɣǰϼ
һΪ͵Ȼǵǰš˾ϣϼɴʦ㡰λó¡ģԼǧɱָ
ˣΪѨϣеġš˾ϣѨ۷壬ӽ벽
ϼɴʦ㡰λó¡ģԼǧɱָȻѷ˾һҲѨںΣѨ۷塣
ɣ󶥼֮⣬һЩȽϳɫ
Уϼɣϳ㡱Ϲ񣬾ϼɣλó¡֮⣬Ϊɫλ֮һϼĽ
Ľ⣬ֱ˳֮Ϊϼ㡣
Ľ֮УϹĩ˳֮Ϊ㡱
㣬ǡ㡱㡱͡㡱
ϹĩҲѨڳΣ⣬֮УΪһˣ
ϼģΪһı־
ΪһĵǰȻǵľʦšΪס
ˡš˾ϣǰﻹλȽϳˣҲǽһеٮٮߡ
ˣͱ֮Ϊ٣ÿȻҲѨϵΪ
ΪѨںΡ
ϳǡǵеһλ˳ơ١
Խ٣ѨڳζѨںΣŮԽ͡һʱʮֻ׳ۡ
㡭
̨֮ϣŮ㡱Ϲͨ죬ȻóԷ֮еĵϷ֮⡣
ΪϼһΪɫ֮һһǱģܹ衣

Ȼ֪ǽһϷԣԲܽ裬üһᣬְνһСüɽ˹ȥ
úá
ǡе֮һȻһ򲻼ѣǲò˵֮һȻ䲻֮
ֻŲˣ̤ǣȻǵǰһ֮һȺǲ
˸֮䣬Ѿܿ㡱ϹĹԾһЦأȥЮ㡱ϹĽ⡣
㡱Ϲ״ȻֱԼıǿԼŭһͲ籡һϸĺâ
⺮âɫ纮һ㣬ڿ˸˼£ġǡ
ǡ״һЦԾɲΪ⣬˵˶أθƴǡ
˵ָ꣬һӣԵ룬·ժǳһ㣬Σһ̣涨
㡱ϹĽ⣬ѾָЮУô˿
ǡ治̬磬ɼػ⻹ԶԶֶΡ
̨˿òɴ󻩡
Ȼ֪ʵˣϼĽҲǵ֮ѨںζѨڳҲûԶٲãӦҲ֧żС
û뵽ٵʵȻͷ
㡱ϹһãƤëûš
Լıͬ͵Էһ㣬ԷһеǰеһѧָеġҽȺǡֱӶסôҲ鲻ȥ
࣬ʵڲһĴ
ǰѧٷȺǲûгĵǽóǽָ˵Ҳ˾̾˼ƽ֮
ſң
Ծɲܳ⣬㡱Ϲߺ죬һֱһ̨֣ȻҪˡ
⡭
ҲǵһҲˡ
Ͼþԣ΢һ֮󣬾ͲЦ˴ͽɸҲܡˮ˵ϼ֮һϹٹҶҪúأֱϹٹһ졣
˵꣬һЦҲԾ̨þ棬Ҳ˵Ͳֱ뿪Ⱥȥˡ
̨ˣһƬĬȻ
žƬ̺ΪǰĵһȻֻҲԶ㲻ϾʣϾ˾档
ܿ죬ڶߣﲻ̨Լս
ʳʿ޷ȫսսʱ֣Ѿеһʮʤ˳䷢ķ˴ۺ졣


500 Ժɽ
ʮʤܽһƷȻѨӣƷ;ѣǣһƷļֵǾ˵ġ
ԣܻĵӣȻƵϲá
ڶʮʤʮʤߵʮʤ˵ȴһֱû˴ﵽ
ܴﵽʮʤϵģָ޼

һ죬ûϳ
ǽˣʱδ
ʳǷޣһҪʱ䡣
νһٶ˥ߡ֮ڣ˵Σܻʮʤϣܻ۳һٻ֣ܻòμޱ߳޵Ļᡣ
ʱ仹磬ϳĶһЩţĸֻûг
ԣҪ̨׬ȡʤͻֻ֣һԭ
ĥԼҲһԭ

ڶգһٴ̨Χʱ˲ʼįѿʼһս
֡
һԪ۷꣬΢ӣһƬһȭ
׹
Ȼһ꣬Ʋֻ֮ϣƮһƬɫƲʣɼ£赲סȭ
ȭ޹ֻ飬顭飬顭졣
ʮΣڣ꿪ʼֻһ֣ͽʹą́֡
Ժûʤ֣ܻ֣5
һ̨߳ʼ
ɥ̨ĻѾ꣬ҲûвμӵĻˡ
꣬һȻ΢Ц˿ҲûжϲɫȻѳء
Ҳ⡣
ʹáֻ֡꣬ͨ壬ʹõҲͨƷϽ׵
ӵС׹꣬ǳ߻֮һԺ
ԺԲߣ꣬Լ޳׹ǵĳѧ֮һƷ׸ߴƷףһŹΪΪѧ
СáԺ꣬Ѿڳʤ峡ˣԻһöεһ¶
ӮһʤﵽٻһöεʮҪ
Ȼ
õʤ˱˵Ĳʤﵽ˳ʱи̨
һ֣ȻһŮһԷˮ̴̡
ɽŮ
Ժһɽͬλ߻֮һλԺ൱
ɽѧƴݳƣжеӣҲŮӡ
ЩŮӣģǱɽеһЩȽصľ
ڳλŮеķˮ̴̣ǱɽһСǧˮľڱɽеľࡣ
СǾͳˡ
ȻŮĳԺĻ꣬ɫɶʱˣ֣ض
Ů󡱡
һϳŮóķˮ̷еǶɫķˮ̴̣·ƿˣֱϮĻö
ˮף
ɫأȴ׹ʩչޣˮΪʱһˮɫס
Ůķˮ̴̴ϣʱͬĻ
ĻȻסҡΣվû𣬻Ȼڵһ
Ȼڻ¶ϲɫһ˲䡣
ŮŮ˴̣ΪһˮʧԭأֻһƬʪϢ
á
ҲǼʶ֮ҪͷȴȻ֣֪ʱŮѾһԷˮ̴̣ʺ
Ժӣðܣֻʤ˰˳ʮʤ١
˾ǰˣҲֻȻ̨ȴ´λᡣ
ңʧܣȻ۳֣ʤ˳а˷֣£ܹ֣ʤﲻֻҪ۵ķﵽҪһԳսޱ߳ޡ
ңǰĽҲˣΨһźǣõʮʤƷѡ

ͽ̣
ŮĻʤ̨еӲ׷Ծ̨ս
Щʵõսߣֱ̨ܿͨȥ
գŮʮһʤɹޱ߳ޣűһеӻܡ
Ҳֵˣʮһʤöε¶һƷýޱ߳޵ʸ
ңΪսʮһã˿ˣҲûǫ̂
ֻҪսȥʮʤҲûϣ
߻ĵӣ׷̨ҲһЩ¥ʮҵˣҲż̨ҪһЩ
нıǮǵʵȷ˶ݣĿóϷ
ڽؽ磬߻ᣬֻСɢһࡣ
ǰϼɣȻǿվֻһЩ־֮ͬһγ
ʹһĵǰҲֻռ˱֮صɽûȾָ󷱻ء
ûԸû
֮أĴǺνģ¥ʮҡ
ʮҾͲ˵ˣٹ̣ٴѳΪ˽Ĵʣֲ岻ò롣
罭£¼ңһңңԦңңػңңңҶңȵȣȵȡ
¥ϹŴҲӪ˼ǧ꣬ʮ١


501 
֮⣬¥ҲȽأһٳȽԼµĵߡ
ߵĵӣÿһҲԲǷˣӵмߵΪѧˡ

ʱһһȥתѹȥ졣
ʳǷ޵սڲͣ½ģмλ˲μս
ЩˣϼĽеееġ١ŵӣ߻УԺɽ֮⣬Ļ֮ˡ
ɣ˿ȣޱɽׯ
ЩУм˵ʵҲСȡ˲ĳɼ
ɵĴӣ׾ճɹʮʤ
˿ٵ£ʮһʤ
֮ףͩȡõĳɼʮʤ
ޱɽׯ֮һһɣȡõĳɼǶʮʤ
׾£ͩλߵġһɣǽպĸ֡
ȻǵȲħ£ӦӦܣ˾ϣЩ궥֣Ҳǳ֮⣬һݶӵˡ
ÿ˵ʵǳǿһ㶼Ѩڣҡ
ĸ֣ûг
Ҳһֱڵȡ
ڣһ죬ڵʿջ֮У֮⣬֮еˡ
Զկǣǧ¥ư֣ձˡ
˸һϢ
ΪóɵϾĿȨǧ¥𽥴Ļߵ̨ǰʽڵҰ
կ֮ˣҲʼһֱ˵Ĵ֮һ
°Ѫ̣ãҲʮֺ
ΪõҹɽɵϾȨˬؾͽԼӦǧ¥ڵΧһ֮ڣɹ
ңĴܿͨڸһ֮üʱ䣬Ͼ֮еħϾԼȥ
ǧ¥ĵӣҲܿկó֮һΧţ̶̼죬֣վȽŸ
漴ûжͣկԭµĵ򣬲ʲô⣬ư֣ձկе֮󣬾ʹһЩҹ̣ʳǡ
ΪѾõµĿţǵȲŲ˸ոȶľ棬뿪
ʳ֮Уؽ𣬹ʳǶԱߵһشλԽװҲʮ־ı󣬲죬̶һ֮ڣΪǧ¥ʳһµݵ㣬
⴦󣬱ư֣ձȡΪ˼ָһп֮
Ľɣոտţư֣ձҵʿջȺһԸ
Ȼ
ư֣ձĻӣˣǴϲ
ߣȥ
²˳٣ư֣ձĴ֮£ܿʿջʳǶǼ¿ġڵȥ
Ƭ̣˾Ƕԣһ俪Ρʵ߲Ÿ֮ǰ
ŸܶزʣɫԺڣɫΪ͵ȴֲ䷲ס
߽ǰͭͷ˿̴ųǧ¥ĵӣ˶һȻӡ
죬ʳǵһ쿪ҵĶ
ΪĿҵư֣ձ뾡˰취дһЩƷóҹɽпɳϾһó
н綼ϡϾⷲ縦һ֣ʱͺ䶯ʳǣ۴̸̣󣬷׷ǲʹߣǰǡ̸ϣһϾ
õϾΨһȨ
Դˣư֣ձȻûӦ˵Ҫǣȴ׼֮󣬿ηԸ
Դˣ˵ͷص˵ͷ΢ЦֱԽˣư֣ձ¥һ䰵ҡ
ΪȻԭһӦƷҲԵЩϡ
ʹư֣ձȴս󣬻կǣһЩϡƷӲ㣬Ŀǰֻһ¥š
Ĳ㣬ԵЩտյӰϡ裬ֻǧ¥ź
Ҳû취飬ϾǳǣϾһɱڣţܿ죬ܳΪʳһĴˡ
ټձѩŪĶмƾӪŵĳڣţ벻ѡ
һĿ꣬Ҳ˵һʽһӵݣӽ¼ң̽Ϣˡ
£ˣǰʿջ˷Ȼ׼Ӵ֮󣬶󣬾ͽסˡ


502 ؼʦһ
ʱţתֹȥ졣
죬ʳַһ¡
ǰϾʿʳǷʳĹ㳡ʳǶһԵףء
⼸죬һ䶯ʳǵĴ£ݣһ˵Ŀ֡
ǾǳǶǰԭҲСı󣬺ȻߣҲװһ£漴ٴοš
һΣٽб󣬸󡱡
ֻһ̸ͨҵ˵ʳȵطһЩСС򣬹ƶû˹ע
ϧ̸עĲ
ҵһ죬ʲôл𱬡
Уֹ޵綼дõ鵤ҩף޵ͼףرϡ
ҪĻЩУȻϾ
Ͼ󣬻һС֣ԴԴϣҪж١
Ϣһʱ䶯ʳǡ
С̣ϰƹ񣬷׷׳ϡ
ϰȻҪϾķȨãҲҪ¼ɡ
СûôθڣֻڴͷһǰʣЩиʣҲá
ˣֻΪ֡
һʱ֮ʱȸ룬ʳǣԭ󶥼ಢС
⣬ֹ
һհȥҵĹȳԽ֮󣬽ţڶּ߳
ϴҹ֮ʱڶƷһɴۡ
ϢһѾʳǣٴηһĳϡ
СĻᡣ
ֻʱһ¥һЩͨƷѾòˣе߼æеһִ
һҹϢ鲻ϣս
ǣڶΪûۿ۵Ĵ̼ҵ½ǣ
ʱ򣬱Ϊʹ˳ĬһεʱٳС
Ʒͳ齱ȯ
ĳ֣ͿԻôСһٲȵĳ齱ȯ
齱ȯԵо޶ǮϡмƷ鵤иϡŹֵƷ
ȻҲпһУֻһͭ塣
ʵĴַʳǵȻʶ㣬ҲûϹΣһӣٴμ
һˣҲҪȥϼƷһų齱ȭһ
ˣȻ޹飬ֶ
ˣõ㣬õ޽䶯
ߵѼۺ죬ȥһ˿һ档
ΪõƷģߵˣ٣Ҷһ˼ʮˣʶĹŶȣõ˴ҵĳϡ
Щ˵ȷһҹǣӮңȻ
ȻóһЩƷΪͣǣȴ״ȥˣǱ鲻ͬʱҲٴջһʲƸ
ʱʳһЩ̣ᵽ߲Ƶζ׷׷Ӧĳһǿľ֣Ҫѹһ档
ȥ飬Ų󣬲ʳܱߣһСǣĴ֮һǧ¥ʳǽĵһ־ݵ㣬Ҳկ֮⣬ĵһ־ݵ㣬ʱЩмˡ
կǵȵطҲܸǲУ
ǧ¥ʲôû˵ڵһϾ
ЩѾţҪȡᣬϾĿȨõ֡
׸ǧ¥ˡ
ڴʱ׳һϢ
֮ˣ⽫ǴϾ飬ֳʮȷݣ
ԵǮᣬԹϾȨ̻ҪַԼѺúԼ
һϵеʽ
һΪϾķȨЩԭѹĸ̺壬ԥһһȥҶ׷Ϣģ׼ٿ˵
һȣǼҴ̣˽ӴõϾķȨ˺ϵѹ˲ơ
ڶѾЩľʱָһزӡ
һʼ۵ƷżһЩĽ
ţʮŽˣƾЩȥ쵽һЩĽ
Щǰ齱ƷҪ
ۿĳǮ䡣
һٴλ𱬣ʳǣûв֪ߡ
̶죬ʹƣ棬ʳվȽŸٴƹ񣬲ɰ̾ģһ˰سɴԽǣԶ
ֻѩձưֵİִ˲̶֪죬һлģרŴΪ䲻ߣȴһҵŵĳӡ
¼ӵܣ´
¼ұҵң´СĿȾã˼ϣڸѼϼܣЩˮ󺣡
¼ұһŵӣΪ¼ҺܣԲȾָ⡣
û뵽ᡣ
Ȼûй
̶죬ͰһԭһĲ󣬴ʳһĴ̸
۵̣ܻŲǰʮƣȴһ㲻ǰκһ̸
⣬ı¡
˾ãҲľߡ
ʱʳǷ޵£Ҳѽӽβ·֣׷׷īǳʱѾˡ
Ѿӵ쿪ʼʽá֮һݣμӽķ֮սõǰޱ߳ǲμӽ޵ʸ
ֻˣ˳뽭󣬲ñ˻ݣͽӽ¼ҵġ


503 ؼʦ
ʳǷޣ쿪ʼ֪֪˳ˡ
ҲΪһΪԭڵȴ
ҲΪ֪ĵѡν׶Σٲ֣ҲûгֵĻˡ

һ磬һװһϮ£ɢűһһزӣһ¥߳
һ߳ʱ˺ܶ˵Ŀ⡣
ΪϣһַǳصϢһֻ֣ᣬԴϢ
޵˵Ϣ
·֮ˣ׷ױԣſ뿪ıӰֲɷ׷׾˭Ƿˣ
ǲ֪ˣԭڣ½֮һ̣壬䣬֮Уø֮һ
õĽǱ֤ڷչҵͬʱͬУˣв˼Ƹ˶衣
ֱ֮Ƿ磬һ׳ƵġػԺ֡˳֮Ϊڡҵһ
õĵλȻҪЩνĴ֣ԺڵĵλҪǿö࣬УҲǱ𾴡
Ϊܽõĵӣûһ򵥵ģͣҲҪԪ
ǻԪڡ
СͷĿƹʵȨְλҲҪԪڣԪ۷塣
˵Ѩһ֪٣ˣû˵Ҳ֮ǣЦһ½ûõС붯Ѩǿ߳
ڣԳõĺ꣬ǿʵһûᡣ
뵽ˣһЩѵˣ׷׷ܻȥ֪ͨԼƹ񣬶Щƹ˲׹һûᣬȥս
˶ĺֱ꣬ʳʿ޴ȥġ
Ѳ£ͣΪʱ򣬹컯¹ĳʿ̨ȥΪ˲սΪʲô
Ȼ죬´һϵֶΣ˺ܶ˲Ŀ⡣
˵ЩĿʹʧˣֻҲûš
Щֻǰסˣٹ۲۲˵ЩˣҲֻʱûаգܿĵ̣ʱЩȻῴǿȻ˱ᡣ
ǳ֮˵Ҫͷҧһڡ
ԣһսϵԼʵҲϵδķչ
һУȻ֪˿ġ
ϣֻлԪ۷ΪʵϣѾѨ۷壬ټ˽ӵͻѨڣֻ졣
ʳǷϣʹ޵У٣øʮʮʤûġ
ҡ
뵽ˣ΢΢Ц

ߺѩձӣưֵȣ¥Ļ˳Ц뿪Ӱ
ѩһЦôҸƵװǲûϵó
װ磬˵ˣûǣЩϤ֮ˣҲ֪ǳ󶥷֮һ
Ǿͺá
ѩġ
ˡ
Ȼ´һЦȻȥˣȻܸһͬУ˻ɣǣ˼£ȻҲܴ
ҲװΣһ·ĸϹȥսɡ⡭
˵һ٣ؿһ۵ϲЩҲûʲô˼ʵȥҲòʲôö
ǣҲһᡣ
ȻδһҪϾʿֻ»Ҳ󡣡
ǣֻʳһСǵķޣܲų˰ɡҲϽȥְɣ
ʤ峡ܹ黹õ㽱ҲǸöֲǮӵʵս飬ֶΪ
գܵޱ߳ޣҲһͷ£ǽҲкôҲ죬ڲʲô£Ҳȥְɣ
š
´ǰ仰˾Щġ
̨ս¹ȻԸȻᡣ
ֻ´λȴЩˡ
ǰϳôıϾʿȥġ
ǣҲδز԰
ȻǣԣЩȴֻ̨УõΪβã
˵ʢ£պȴװ׷ŹպҲһǲ
ձ˷ܵĦȭƣºԥصãҲ̨ԡ
ãҲȥԡ
á
ѩҲ˵ͷľСϣ۾Ҳ΢΢ųâ
ưּ״˵ͷû˵ʲôС
ĿǰҲͻѨĹؽʱõһЩԽͻҲкô룬Ҳûоܾ
˴Ӷ¥뿪ûǰţĺ뿪ȻһСҲɿسʳĵʿ̨ٸȥ


504 ؼʦ
оأļ
޾ңԶճ½ᷢ½ͬһبǧľبĶ
ɽӲ£ʮ
̾½ĶϽǣϻ꣬£ų۹
㣬˿࣬ռݵģҲΪʢԭ֮ء
ڶƫ֮صϻ꣬Լɳ֮еķ裬򶼲ֵһѡ
֮УַΪ˰ʮݣÿһݣͬ졣
ؽ磬ҲУ֮һѡ
ͬʱ
ģУһһߣۻ׳ư磬ƿԵĽɫСˮͤԺ԰ͻݣڣ֮֮ǧ
ĻʹҲǱ˳֮ΪϽǡڡ
߽ϽУܶˣƺܿͻ·
ʹȻʮ꣬ʮˣѾߣһϵ·
Ӹ߿¿ͻᾪȵķ֣Ͻǡͬһֻ룬֮ϵ·Ϊ·ΪĴһ޴ķˮ֡
ˮ֮У֮һ֮ߵ֮ͭ⣬С㣬صزطһ죬ˮ֣ͬһѹصĴڲϵά裬ֻأɢ絽ϽУϽеʮ
һ죬Ч죬ʮࡣ
ںܶ˶ԣʹǾסڹеĻӣŮҲһǣЩζΪǻʹ֮У֮ʱͻۣһ͵
ֻ֪ʵʹֲάת³һСݶѡ
Ĵͷ֮ϡ
Ӹ߿¿ܿͬһʹ֮۶η
ǣ˶棬úͱĵطͬ
Щǿģ˵ˣܸܵͬҲֻܸ̾棬ѡʱѡַѡĺá
ط˽ܵ飬Ȼڲͬѡ
޴ޱȵĴɽǳΪӣöɡ
ϣӦޡ
£Ӧͼ顣
Ҫ֮ԾžŰʮһרΪС͹ɡ
ЩС͹ȫôͭ죬ûסˣҲֻһ˸߰滹εĻƵȥΧлÿأϽκ˽롣
Уܶ˶⣬ʮһ˾޴İʮһͭСʲôãֻһЩϵˣԼԼ֪һЩ˭ҲҶ˵
žŰʮһͭСÿһС飬͡Ȼͣһ͡
صףһң֮УΪ֪ûĸء
ңص£ѹһ֮
Щ֮һ߹٣һѱһ̣һö⣬һѺɫһһȱһĽ顭
û֪ЩʲôҲûܸ֪Щڡ
ֻ֪ÿСһľ֮˼֮ν͹˾֮
žѭǳУҹϢ
޾ĵ£һ˸ŽĴҹҹѹһ߸ħ
ħ£Ͻɫÿһߴ֣˸⣬ܲ죬ҲѪɫķƣһͲǷƷ
Ȼħ˫ĿգˣҲϢƺڴ˹˲֪꣬ȥ
⣬ʹѹ˵ĹѹģȻǷˡ
½徳ʿͬʱٰһգû˼һֱ˫ĿʶǾ߾޴ɫħȻ۾΢΢һЦ
һ˻ƣȻ¸𣺡һʮ꣬Ҫôǧ֮ޣв֣ھۼҲʱˣӣԱõʱˡ
¸¸£½ѪɺӣѪƯ֣һˡ
Ҫ׼½Ȼħͨħ֮ˣȫ磬ȻԴΪݵ㣬ϯ򡣡

ʳǡ
û֪Զ۾ǵ·ȻһĻ˻գſ֡
һ£ɢһηӰһʳĵʿǰ
һΣǹö֮һװ磬һʣҲ·֮ˣɷ׷ױãĿ
ʱ̨֮ϣսһһŮûȡ
ǻûз̨֮ĵ۴һһңһһΪ൱൱һʱ˸ʤѷѽ⡣


505 ؼʦģ
̨֮ϣʱսģһһŮ
ʹΪУǣ֮һеĶ֮һƺšƽü
ʹΪŮӣ߻֮һ˿һӣС̳˳ơ崺
ΪѨжңһսֱǻңؾ㺮գڵʮϣŷֳʤ
ѷһϸ֮ϣ̳һһ崺ɫֱӴߣ¡
ʱ̳ٻһʤܹʤĺóɼ
ϴ̨Ĵ˶ԣʤ㲻Щᣬʲô̫ϣ
ʤ峡ˡ
ֲεˣ뿿ʤʮýΣЩѡ
ֻҪֿսҪʧܣۻ֣лᣬһٻ֣ǰޱ߳ǲμӽޡ
ʤʮģܲʲôʳСطٮٮ֮ˡ
ÿһҪһ̾ñĽʺһ
ˣʹ߻УҲԾԵٮٮߣһһУǶӣΪ;Բ
⼸գʳ̨ϣʤʮֱӽģٶ߻дĺĵӣΪѨڡ
ȻѨڻǱȽټϾѨڵѨڣûô׶ȹҪʱĻۣЩ˵ʱ⡣
ͻƣֻǳ¡
λԲ˿Ů崺̳ҲǱʮʤģϧܴﵽʤѾЩ֧ˣʮʤЩѡ
Ȼһλӵ̨̨̳֧ߺ޲ʵ¡
ճɼʤ
λӣ̳Ҳ磬ֻʤĳֱһλӻ̨ˣ̨֮ϵĵӷ·תĲֻһһΣվ̨ϣһֱȡʮʤģ绹ûг֡
ʱѩձư֣ӣҲϵ̨֮ԣһ룬üŪۡ
֪ǴߴϽϳһͷ̫ս磬ʱ䲻ˣֻҪøʸ񣬵ȷ̫żҪȡ΢һĳɼõöǮͲܲһˡ
ǣٲԥ̨һսĵһ߳һû˭˲䣬һӣ̨漴˱Ǳ
ãͽ̣
ʲôû˵
̨֮ϣոյʤһĵˣ֮ʱһмƲƲ˵ǶսʱеˬЩԹ
Ͼÿսʤһֺ󣬾ԼҫĺʱĻᣬοϷŹȴԼᣬʵᡣ
ҪǣոʤսʤЩʱ䣬ʵҲһֵȴȴԼлָüս
˸ƣȻûк
ɲں˵飬ϳĿֻһǾǣʤȡʤգýޱ߳޵ĻᣬԼǲϣöǮ
ýޱ߳ǵĻᣬԣ̫ѡֻǸҪöǮȴЩˣҲȷţԼһܰõ
ΣͺáǮȻҪǣĿǰԼҲòܵõãòҲûʲô
ңʵҲûôߵȻױ¶
ԣŽõӵݣཫԸģղ䣬һ֡
֣޵ѾϾսϣִλʿ֮һ벻ѡ
ͨˡ
¼䣬ģ˵Ҳаǧ򣬽Ŀûģ϶ֹһ
ұҲδ뵽ͷϡ
ˣȡ֮Ч
ʼɣ
ûІ£ֱӿ˵
㡭
һ㶣ʱЩȻŭ
ָããȻ˲֪ôҾ֪ɡħָ
ħָѧ֮һƷ׸ߴƷףھѧƷ߻֮£һżǿľѧˡ
ӣȻʸɵħָҲһ򵥵
Ҳǣ򵥣Ҳû취̨ϱQôˡ
ɡ
Ȼں˵ʲôħָھѧ߻ҲԶԶĹҪ˵ʲôŲƷ׵ħָ
ɢ֮ľ޴
ɢƷ͵ޣżŪһеƷУ͵֮˭Ҳ
˴ţһĵƷ˵ƷУҳϹŰ伮ղ˲֪١
ڰƷĿȱȽǡ
Ȼڽһǰȴʲôˡ
΢ȼһλģҲֻһĽ¼ң¼ǰҲֻһң޷Ტ۵ġ
ڣ֪Էһɵĵӣ֮ǰûעԷ˭֪
ΪϵĲɵģΪûзڣԣҲֻһƺ
ģûκ壬ֻһֻǸ׵ġ
ƽ죬˫Ųˣûֻôһվ͵Ŷɵ֡
ããֲˡ
ɵ걻ֱУУҲһϲƽҲĵӰͽᣬܹ
ħָһʽħ죡
䣡
ǰɣһָƺɲǼʧˣһָӻг֣ƿڰˣӿȶ
Ȼ˿ֲʽ΢΢һЦֻһ֡
ž
棬ɵ꣬ŭţв˼飬ϴŻ㱵飬类ʯУȻ˳ȥ
̨ȺУһƬ
ʤ֣ʧܣ
һ֣


506 ؼʦ壩
޷ţ
˼飡
̨ϻ̨£˶Ŀɿڴû뵽
Ȼ⼸գ̨ʤѾ֪ת˼֡ʤȻ˰ܣ˰ܣ˻ʤ
Ψһǣ˶û뵽ʵ׵꣬ܡ
ΪͷУҲСһʿ֮УҲס
һճƣȻ²ӦӮû뵽ôˡ
ǳ֮⡣

ֹǱ̨꣬ȫˡ
ˣҲһ
̨̨ϣһʱ̣ѻȸټĹ㳡Ȼš
ã˷ꡱһҲޱȵľȺ̾
ʤˣȻʤˡ
Ȼʤ֣׵ʤȴֱ˼顣˵ʵСﰡ
ּ֪ܼ֡ҿģǺ⣬ʮ֣Ҳлᡣ
Ҳܹʮ֣ǲ֪ʮԺ󣬻ܱܲıܣ˹Ŀ࿴
Ҷʮ֣
ʮ֣
ʮ֣
ʮ֣

˷׷۷׷ףΪʤʮ֣ЩŵģΪʤʮ֣ʮ֣ʮʮ֡
Σ˶ƺΪʮһɣȻûһἰ´ʱʾ˾Բ׵Ϊ
Σʤ˳˵֮⣬˵ľģһ
˶Ϊ壬ЩˣЩݱܷͷܹһ˵
ҲˣϲΪԼķͷеڶ׺ɽׯֵɣָ̣
׺ɽׯ֮أһСڵһĶֵأҲЩ
󣬵˿Ȼֻ߻ᣬ¥ʮЩСҲ಻ʤϷǡ
׺ɽׯһ
Ȼƽʱôע⣬ǣܻмֳ
׺ɽׯֵɣ֪ǿ٣ϼһȻͨʵһ㲻ˡ
кϷˡ
۷׷ף׷׹ơ
ɫ䣬ֻ΢΢һЦһƣ롭
ߣ
ԣ̨꣬ЩЩмΪǿ
ղսʤĺӣҲΪʵȻһ㣬ǿ˶Է֮ģԼ䲻⡣
Ϊûжôǿ
ԣһ䣬¶һֻɵİ׺ס
аɣ
ʮ㡣
Ȼ΢΢һЦֻбһֻ֣ȳֻ֣¸¾ûгֵĻˡ룬ͽ̡
ãÿֵ꣬ԳʼѾкܶ꣬ûмʶ֮ˡ
ȻˣĪҲˣ׺׷ƽ֮һʽƳᶣ
仰Ȼ䣬ͷһ˦˲䣬һԹųն·׺׸߷ɡ
֮ģһĺড
Ժ׽
ϵô˽ģʱɷһЩ˼飬
ǰ׺ɽׯڽȻֻƷҲƷвɶõľƷ
׺ɽׯֻǽƫƧ֮صһСһƷѾǳԺ׽һڰ׺ɽׯׯ׵УôվȻУ
ѵΪԼĵһٳ׾Ȼ󷽵ԼеĳԼĵӣԳս治һð
ǰǰ
Ҳѹ˾̾
ЩϲһƷȻ㲻ʲô
ڰ׺ɽׯƫһСһƷȴ֮ˡ
ĶƽʱŶý
ȻԼĵӣﶯģΪ˶ʦͽĿֵǽУѵģ֪١
ǰ׺ɽׯׯףģԼλӣʮһȵϾʿϣո¶ͷǣԼˡ
ӵһ׺ɽׯȻҲ֮˳ȥȻǺ¡
أȷ
ֻǣֵɱɳȴȫ޾֮ɫûһ˿Ծɣ˿ϡ
ʲôȻҪ֪Ժ׽ȻֻһƷ죬ҪȻҲûȥкСӴ⣬ʧܵļɡ
ǰǰ
Сӣ
״ԭֵԼõʦűһ¶ԷѹѹԷ棬û뵽Էȫ⣬ԵԼƺǳһ㣬ʱŭ
ܳΪ׺ɽׯׯԺ֮ˣȻ˵һãеĳȻеģΪ̫
ˣֻһ˼֮󣬾ͻعΪ·ģһȣָһ
˲䣬𣬽ѩƺɨ˲侹ȻаƳᶵʡ
̨£˶һ𣬾ǿ󣬺Ͳ˼顣
Ȼ
״ֻ΢΢ЦȻͻȻһģ
һֵ̣ɵĽնڴϲȴȻ֣ն֮տնҲʲôҲûС
Ϊһɢ
ǣ
ٽɣһߣѾննһնƾͰľߡ
ȣȻһֵ̣ɵģȻȥ׹ȡ
һУһ֮ܣЦԼ֮ǰԷ˵ԷôԴ
ԼԴǸˡ
̨ˣһ˼̨̬Ƶĺꡣ
ղŲֵֹɣҲû壬ʲôʱʧʲôʱֵߵġ
һ£ٲˣҲܿóʵʵڲͬˡ
ˣ̲סһһζʵĿ࿴ˢ˸ղŵĿ
˻أҲû˻֪Էһ˲õĸˡ
á
ջ֣΢΢Ȼ˵һԡ
һԣֵջرһۣȻʧǵ̨
˵һսʧܣȫȨ֮еĳɼлսμ
һҪ˵һսʧܣʧܵ˸ɴ࣬䣬ĿΪЦվһĨȥ۵㡣


507 ؼʦ
Σǰ˵ʧܣȻ˳ɹ
ǣض˸ˡ
׺ɽׯֵɵʧܣȻ̾ƥǿɱȴ̾
֮ǰ꣬Լֵɵĳ֣ŵ졣
ȻֻսȴȺܶѾ߰սʮսˣҪǿöˡ
ܶࡣ
⣬ǲ
սʤ֣սʤ֣ȡõģȻǽȻͬЧ
ȻٻһʤĿǰѾʤҲﵽ˶֡
ȻʮʤһٻֻкңԶһξ룬ϾҲһϲĽ
½ֲ̨սǰһҲǲʧܡ
̨Ͼ̨ʳǣһ̨ʣµʱֻһ̨࣬ܲţǸɵȡ
ȻȻǰ׵ˣ൱ڣҲûлᣬʱޣʣµ˭Ҳȥɣǿ϶ҲӦġ
ԣʤοʼǰˢ£Ӷģĵ塭ڣѾ˰֡
ˣѾһʮΣյˡ
ϾӮʳǣһʮʤҲ˵һȥޱ߳ǵֽҪˡ
ʱĲϹȥ̨ĸʤ
ȻĿǰΪֹʳǷϣȡóʮʤϵģҲʮ߰ˣʮ
󣬹ƵֹҲᳬʮ
죬ʮҲ˵ÿԼֻĸˣʱ
ԣǰʤһ㵽˰ʱһиֳ֡
ǾãĳЩʤȡʮʤȥޱ߳ǣʱģֹԼЩͬʳ߳˰ɡ
ʳǣﶷ
ޱ߳ǣǿɾʹǵ棬ˡ

ߣ
ʤڰ˳ڣһΣյˡ
һͷңɴ£һڵӰеˡ
ϣбһЩصķŴ󾵣Ŵ󾵱ԵȻֻһͼƣϸȥЩģĸо
һλʦ
֣ʦҲϳģ
ֹ̨µ֣ҲЩ⡣
Ϊ̨ģӦöǸʲôָ֣û뵽һ֮ǰһޱȣ
ǣ
˹֣ڴˣ»һЩɵ֪һͨĸ֡
ʦ캽Զָ̣
˵ĻӲޱȣƺǴӺ﷢ýʯĥһ
ϸز˲֣¶һ˫ָʮ޳ףӣŮˡ
ͬʱԵü䰮ɾƺ΢е񱡣
״۾ٴ΢΢һ£Щȡ
û¶ɫ˭һλ̨ǰսԼĶ־ǡ
룡
ԣһΣǺ¼ʦδԣֻǵȻһ֣Сˡ
˵꣬ȻԾ𣬺ɫڷӭչ졣ʮָںУʮ֧񽣣볯Ӳ
صʽָʮ˶ɳһ
ȻȻЩǣǶԷʽ̨䣬Ȼ˵ЩֶβᳫóˣҲֻмвС
ϾȡʤΨһ
Ʒ߻ã
һٲָ΢һָߵ˳ȥ
ɫȥ֮ȻըԶؼʦʮָָ
ʮָ罣磬ǰѴ̹ǡ
ȻʱǰȴȻһǺ¼ʦ棬ӰȻѾʧǰģһصɽˮ
ɽˮУȪʣɽ壬һȤ֮
Ȼ⾰Уȴھɱ
¡
ʮָ٣ʮɽ˲⻭ݾҪƿþ
ʱȻתͺɽӵתرɫƣûһֻֻޣ¼ʦ
С
¼ʦмһȻ䣬˫ĿͬʱһȻһӨӨâ
â貣һ˲ǰԾ̨عȴվǰֻһ֮ңʩȴȻѾԼĻþʱһЦ֡
Ȼ벻ʦȷˢӣصͫļ֮ܰɣȻҵ߻֮
СԶϲ̨棬ҪóıȻһоҪʧܡ
¼ʦصȻ˿ûĻУ漴Ǵ㶯ˣȻ֣ժǰķŴ󾵣У
ؽգ
ͣ
վһӣȻ䣬ľ֮ϣȦƺһȥͷգȻһȦ
ӿ˼飬γɻֱ˷̨һ󾪺
ʲôҲ㽣
ֹ̨֮ˣҲԸоõʽĿɲ֪ӵʲôȻٻɱУʮ֮ǿ
ҲнǽнֻԶһİƷ𣬴ﵽͨƷ½׵ĵ
ʦʲôΪʲôӵصĵ
ʱûն룬ΪΪӦһнҲò΢ˡ
ԭ뱣һƣΪպޱ߳ޣϾ֮ʹã⣬Ҳ벻Լݣ̫籩¶Ȼڽӽ¼ң̽ܡ
֮ǰսǼвУõҲԼƾûüģһЩͨʽԱúͳ䲻⹥Ϊȡʤ֮
ڣһУ֪ͨʽѾûˡ
뵽ˣɫһ࣬ӱ֣Ȼˣԣ޳ɵһУʮɣ
Ŵ룬Ȼһ֣ȻбݶϣȻֱӭջ档
Ϊ벻ʱȻ䣬ܣȻͬʱһɫˡ
Ⲩ˳͸״ʯӴ棬γɵ˲ΪģѸͳɢȥ漴ȻӴ
˳ԾҲ˼һĻˡ
Уֱһ߽⣬ɢ漴ɢһƬʣܼžͬʲôҲûз
ǣûз
˶֪ǣղűضʲôӣֻûУ˿ˣȴš
ʲôǵΪʲô˹죿
ʲôǿ󣬲ԣǵҿǻ꼼
꼼ʲô
Щ˲Щ˲ţ˵Ľͣȴ˽⣬꼼ʲô
ν񱬷ȼԼѪ꣬һ
ȻҲ繥
ȽأȽƫţ޳ɲףҲʮǿԶͬ׵
꼼򵥣˼飬Ȼ漰꣬ϹŻһ־ѧˡ
־ѧΪټΪȻһɣҲǾ𾪣ǿƥ
һ͸ɫˣЩϹŵĻеľǣ̨λ꣬ʮֲˡ
ΪֶͨңһЩţǲеģ⴫
˰̾ĽɣǼʣ֮һս˿öǲˡ
棬ʮصĺ¼ʦҲ죬һԵЩԾ
㣬ʮ˲𣡡
Ӳ˵ȻһУؽʮ죡
ĻеطŴϣ𣬲һΣȴǷֻγʮС͵Ļ򣬻ԽԽ󣬳̨ϿգȻʮִգ졣
úԶˣҲܸоˣ
ĻܵĻ죬ʽ
£˲ٴ𾪵ĿɿڴЩţһ꣬ʹõóʽ
ʽһЩѾõǿϣҲԿ

ǰɣֻô
ȻǿУȴɫ䣬ֻƽ˵漴ٴ쿪һֻ֡
һһǵü𣡡
ĺȻ䣬Ͽգһ͸
ѸᣬȻ󻯳һС͵¶ˮ
˶˼飬һɵϵı鿴ʱȴȻһɫ䣬ղʮִգûнܣڿɫСˮ飬ȴһ׷׳ȥ
ɫˮ鲻תٶԽԽ죬Ӱ壬һɿֲ쫷磬¶ϳΣҿӵֱ̨ܡ
һʱ䣬ʳĹ㳡ϣһЩʵ㣬Ϊƫ͵ˣվסӣҪܵ˰˳Ȧӣŵվ
̨ϣʱĹȥģǵС¶飬ȻѾͳСڲϼתܵķ磬Сˡ
ǣʱ˭ҲҲСϵˮ
ȥ
һȣڼתȴϢ·ֹɫˮƷӭŸ߿գŸ߿еʮִճȥ
һʱžѼ˶ĿתŰеʮִպɫˮ۾գһ¡
Ǻ¼ʦһʱҲס˺ϢЩš
飬飬顭
ӦϢ𼴷Уֱ٣Ȼʱ˿̣飬ò˼һĻˡ
ɫˮ޼᲻ݣһֲֿƣ᳦һ㣬˲ʮִմ򴩣ԼСһȦصϣڼתǴʱ˭Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ΪǿˣˮݻʮŴ֮ʱǼתܵնЩˣ֮ģ֮״Ľۡ
һˮ߹ĵطȻҪֲöࡣ
⵽ʲô˾𣿡
ֹǣ¼ʦҲã˰ΣȻһȭҼǿ֮һǸҲĶ֡
˵֮󣬾ȻʱһһԣŴ󾵣תһԾֱ̨ȥˡ
ֻ·磬δʱ򣬿ɾˣٴδһ۾
ʱأеЩȣЩ𾴵ؿһۣȻֱʤŷ֣棬սûУо̨
ʮʤĹؿڣȻʱ̨ȴǾþ˶һ£·š
֮ǰһս˭֪ʵˣԲǡ˵ʮʤǶʮʤпܣ˭ԸǸ죬ͽȥ
ˣǲеºã涼һ·붨


508 ʮʤ
ʱٴһһֹȥ
ȥһӣȻų̂ս
£˼ˡ
ôУһֱûսǽʱͶ˷ˡ˭ȥޱ߳ǡ
ǰǰΪ̨ҲҪ̨װװӣøʮʤӦþ˰ɣˡ
Щ˴һΪǵӣȽкȻԼȴǶһ
״˲Ц˭֪еǵС˼
Ϊñ˳棬Լżˡǫ̇̄˰֮Ȼлᣬӡ
һ󲿷ô룬˶ô롣

Ȼ䣬һӵӰȺг̨ϣһȭЦؿڵȭŵӣκ죬롭
ȭţκ죡
Ծ֣û֡
֮أŴɹȻССȴޣ˵һͰ׺ɽׯһ֪С
ҲܷЩСУżҲ߳һ֡
ԣҵҲûСӵ˼ǹػһ񣬵κҲ롭
֪ӣĻȴٴЦһЦ
֪Ķ̨֣ϣҲȡʮʤȨ߸һ̡
һսҲˣԶ䣬ˣ
˵֮˳ϵĿУȻһԾոԾ̨Ȼٴˡ
̨һȺ˵Ŀɿڴ󣬷Ӧ֮Ǻ뿪ӰһƬһȺ˵ָ
ҪãõҲ̫˰ɣɣǲС
ҪС⡰СҲ̫˰ɣⲻ˷𣬾ʤˣҲʣĪǺĶƣ
һߣưֿ˿֮ǰҲ׼ϳһĳӣ°ͣмص˰ɣϳ³ֻңΪˣܲĶ
ϳµһλûףҪȥΪһЦ˻ֵʵݡ
ʱ˼λʦֵĴ£˭ĵ㡣ԣҲֹǰȥ˰ɣ
һԣӡٺ١ЦЩڨڨ
ȻΪ˴³һЩһˣȻҲô뷨
֮ǰû뵽ôûϳŷԼҲΣһҲûʲôϳһ󣬲ưסˡ
ڲ֪ȷȼ֮
һԣձѩһЦҲЩҡ
֮ǰǲûкͳһ뷨ֻǿưֵĶЩӦ˹ҲͰ֣һֱȥ
Һó˸ĪĺȭŵӣȻ˸ķ顣
˶ţȻţڳȻ˲óʵݡ
һȷʱһҥԣȻɢ
ȻڳˣȻ֪֮أһɣȻֻǸеСɣȭκˣȴһ֮
ЦӭˣһСЦա֮ƣǳϷ˼䡣
Ȼ£ҲͲˣһ
ĲǣҼȻϳѾﵽʮʤģܸ³˰ɣ
Ȼ״ӣһЦȻҲûϵȴٴһȭһλͽ̣
ʲô򣿡
һ£µ˽п಻ˡ
Ȼ֪ʵʮʤֻǸθˣõͨޱ߳ǵ֤ͨʲôɼ
ټʳοʤʵ̫ҪսȥһЩпԭ
˻ǲһͷۡ
һλְռ̨ˣɲһ°ֲԸԼϳȥΪӣ˿Ц
ˣ仰֮󣬳¶ʱٴһƬš
ãá
սбʱֹȥһ̶ӣ̨սϣټġ
ڣ˰಻סˣǸһ취ÿ̨һһӰ첻۶֣˻лᣬܺùһֱɵš
˱ţʵǿϾޣܹа̨һ̣ʱ򣬾Ǿ޴ַ׷ϳ
ʮһʤ
ʮʤ
ʮʤ
ʮʤ
ʮʤ
ڣ˷Ǵˡ

ס
ʮսĵȻûпݽߵļ񣬷һֱȶ״̬ߡ
ϳߣĹ£ּвܵġ
۵Ļ⣬ܳż֣˭ϣǼ̨ĳˣ³ϼС
ŹУ֣ܳŹʮеģ㶥ˡ
ʱٴο
䣬ҲмλڼֵĴڣս˼ʮΪǿ֮ĩ˵Ĵڣһһܡ
һʱսڣʤɼʮ
ʳǣһʮʤˣöǮ֮ǰЩӦһʱ䶯ȫ
Ϊսʱڣ̨ɫҲһ˿ƣȻ󣬾ֱֿȺȥˡ
䷽ǳǶȻҪȥϢˡ
ӦõĽڵǼᣬȷûзˮ֮ȻԶ͵С
ҲЩʤԱһȨֻԴﵽʮʤϵĵӿš
ͨӣĽǵͿɷŵģҪࡣ

ɷ뿪ȺУʱһ󻶺
Ȼʤ˼ʮǷֿ̨ÿˣĲࡣ
䵽ÿ˵ͷϣȻƤë֮Ҳʲô
̨ٴοʼһΣư֣ӣձѩȣҲ׷̨ս
ư֣Լʵ
Ȼưֺô峡Ͱ˵һƬЦԼȴͷƤΪ⣬Ϊ־ڴˡ
ֹۣ˵ǲ࿴
ձѩ˽ԴﵽѨʵԱָ㣬ʵǳֶ԰˴֮һ󣬻ͱȱ˸ࡣ
ʳǷϣһΪġ
УձʮһʤҲǰޱ߳ǲμӽʸ
ѩʮʤΪŮеǿߣҲһƬͬǰޱ߳ǲμӽʸ
Ȼвʸ񲻴һȡΣҲףһ£Ǽޡ
Ľĸƣǿ߱ʱ̣ǾԼ֣߽Ͼޡ
ԣõЩѾ㡣


509 Ǯ
ص󲻹һʱƷѾŵǰ
ЩƷʮ鼶ҩεһСƿ¶ܹʮΣƷǹУƷ䲻ߣҲ
󣬾ǻöͭɫãԲڷǮ
Ǯ֮ϣԼһߣ
⣬ǴеģʮʤܻõĽǮ
ƷǮǺɫ
ƷǮͭɫ
ƷǮǰɫ
ƷǮǽɫ
˵еǮǽɫ滹֮˵ӵ޾İء
һʮʤõнƷЩ
࣬ѾǾˣĽһ˵
ʮεֻԻԪڣѨʹãѩձòϡ
ǣȻòϣɲεãٿӸư֣ӣʹá
ģһݱãҲ̫࣬ž㹻
һݣõϣΪһҲǾԻٴһ˵ȳģֿɼʳվȽŸ
ͬʱΪ뿪˳ǣޱ߳ǵ׼
ʮ¶
ⶫ˭Ӷࡣ
¶ɸ˵ʣëϴ裬ȺԴѨˣ޼֮
ⶫΣ֮ЧʧҲͲˣҲ˷ѡ
ͷѩձõûУõˣٸһΣһΣûãһΡ
ټư֣ӣʮΣӲ
ư֣Ϊеͣ治ʱҲ÷ô࣬һҲûϵԺ취Ūǡ
һʮ¶Ҳ˲䱻ϡ
󣬾Ʒⶫûʲôá
ѩԼ͵ĳ̽ձҲԼŶһһ׹ưðѰٸƷҲϡ
ڳӣΪȻô۽ߣԺ취Ūõؼ׻УЩҲϡ
ԣղţԺģǰޱ߳ǿֲݵʱΪϻɡ
Ʒ꣬ټϾԼһЩƷ
ţޱ߳Ȼǽǧ֮ףǿֵ꣬ҲӦһ㲨Ҳ
ʵʩƻַһ֡
󣬾öǮ
𣬷õ֮󣬳ģȻۣȴƺӵһɽ
ֻһͨˣ治һһõ
ɼ֮ǳܿˡ
ͨǮ绹żͨǮ֣ȴһӣҲ޷һεϡ䱦ˡ
Ƕ޵˶ԣֶҲǿıֵ
ļֵʱҲòϣҲóһ𣬲ڴУȻֱóһ¶ȥ
¶֮ʱһ֮У¶ˮԷȥ֮ɫζ޸УͺһССˮ
յУ˲ҺΪˮ
˲䣬͸о˲ͬ
·һ˲Լ֫ٺԼڣЩѴ˲֪ٱľȻٴ΢΢ȻڳһЩҺɫƷëףų⡣
¶Ĺˣëϴ裬˵ʣȻͬΣϲۡ
һ¶ֻõȫ֮һҵĵط״ԥֵΣһڷȥ
˲䣬ȫٴƮƮɣĿ¶֮ٴĺɫ÷ɢ
ڣһʱ֮۾۾ԣͬǳһ㣬һ˿ʡ
¶һ˿ʶŽ˳һ̶ϣǿľϴĹ䶼һ㵭
Ʋۣ֮ʱö֮ͻо׽
֮ΪɾһԽõˣҲ൱ԽɾǸϲЩͬɾˡ
ҲϣΪʲôЩʺõˣܸоУӶ
ҲΪʲôһǧֹʲǧյĿ๦䲻˵ԭ򣬵һԭ򣬾ΪЩʺõˣڲʮָɾ׽룬ϲ롣
ЩʲõˣеͲϲȻӱѡ
ټҪͨѨҪѵʱ;ȻԶԶˡ
¶ޣҲһҵٶȣҪõʣҪߵıУʱȴûС
⣬ѾԤڣдΪϲˡ
ң֣Է¶ԣҪö࣬ͷһθоԼġʡҲôˡ
֪ٷҲûʲôˣ̣ʣ¶׼ձǻָ˷ã漴ٴαĿ⣬ȴ͵
ʱţתۣѵڣձѩư֣Ӵ̨ҲʣµıϲĻ
ķС
õ˵ĳɼ֮ԣư֣ӵĳɼһ㲻Ծ
֪ѩձȻҲﵽʮʤһ¶Ǳаο
һ˸ΣʮΣָøΣܹĵΣߵΡ
ʣΣƣɷ䣬ǷȱԺ취ſڣ˵׼ޱ߳ǿֲʹ
ʳǷһŽޱ߳ʮҲſʼˣʱ䡣
ǣҲҪʼ׼ˡ
̲ݻ


510 Ѩ
ȣһȥѡַ̽Ϣ
Σٵư֣ӹȥ̶۸µƤؽֲ
󣬲ձѩˣϹȥӵݣжύ¼ң̽ܡ
飬ҪɵĽС
ʱȣ̫Ҫʿ޵Ŀʼ
̫磬ɣϾֲٶȣҲδ̫һЩ
ԣǻһ
ңʹǽʿޣҲһᣬҪٰʮ졣
ˣȥҲûйϵֻҪ޾ͺá
ǣӰǹۿͷսҲһ¡
Щ׼ĺá
ģ˸ϵޱ߳ǣ飬Ҳ١
ѱϣư֣ӵȾ͸¶ε뿪ԻطзãȲᡣ
ѩձҲ뿪
ҲҪط¶ʣʡ
˻õľεҲãͬư֣ӶˣǴġ
Դˣƣ¶ˣ飬Ļϲ
ţ˾ε¶ڣư֣ӶˣͻѨִࡣ
ңٶҲǰࡣ
һͻƵѨߣھһĸѨĸ֣
ټԼѷɫһѨ۷ʵܹѨ
ʹİ׮˱ţҲһСˡ
֮أһСԴѨǿߣһ㲻
Ҳ߳Ѩ۷ǿߡ
ֻд߳пϵѨӵѨ۷벽ǿߣȻȫͬ

ư֣ӣձѩ˶뿪ˡ
ڷУչأʱ佥š
ҹ³գڵľ֮УһƬףء
Ȼڣ˳ˮһ죬
ʼСŭİ΢΢һ۾
Ȼԭܻмʱ޲ܵѨƿΪʮսļԼַ¶ëϴ裬Ļʣͻ֮ڣǰ
¡¡
ŭ֮һһһǿһ飬֪ʱҴʧ
ʱٴα۾̨һƬ飬ʶڵת
·һϾûһ˿覴õԪ·Զܵһ˹Ȼͨȫſëףϵȵȵط
Ȼ˳ľ֫ٺ뵤
֮УѨתԪȻ󹮹̣󣬼ͣ
ֻǣǰһֱһ֮ڣڣصѨΧȻһ㵭ɫЩһʵ塰ӡ߲˵תļ
ѾҪѨڵļˡ
һšӡ˵ȫʵﵽ׵ı仯Ǿһͻƽ뷨Ϊ䣬һСȺˡ
ȻʵḶ́ʮѣҼգ֮أûô򵥡
ڣѾһΡ
֮еѨѾһ˿ʵζԭֻһͬụ̈ʸжˡ
ѣ٣Ѿڳһ
ʱһһֹȥҲ֪˶á
ڲϵԪȻȻһϢȻһǣﵽĳһޣȻάƬʱֺ󣬲ٴһصڡ
һ̣󣬶Īһв˯ˣͻȻеһľ۾
漴־ǲԼĴΪǹɾ㤵ϢȻǿ£ֻǳһ˲漴ʧˡ
۾
ġӡ֮УƺҲһЩɫԼܿͫССɫڲתȻҲڵĵѨӦ
ǽѨ֮󣬲ֵܳˣνһһ
һͽһࡱ
һָ࣬ľָͻѨ֮Ѩ仯ụ̈ѹʵ΢ת
Ҫıǣ֮ͫУҲ֮һӦ
ûʲôã۾ĴûдãȴҲá
Ǿǣʱ򣬵Ϊ侫֮ʱͫͫһţɳ˲ɱˣǾǡ۹ɱˡľˡ
ȻҪﵽ־磬϶һССѨܰ쵽ҲҪѨ۷壬벽γһΣķһЩͫ
ڣҲ
ͫټϾӡĴڣľӵ
ֻǣվԼľϡ
ܽںһ𣬵ʱսضٱһϡ
ڣ֮硣
ȴ㹻ϲΪһϵڣˮɣѨˡ
ѨһɣĵѨ£ԪɵԪҲᱩɡ
Ͼʵʻĵ֮ԭɢɢĵɣɵĵ֮ǲͬնġ


511 Ů
ܼ򵥵ӡ
̬Һ̬Һ̬̬϶Ҫһѹ̵Ĺ̡
̣ÿӵеĵĿѹǿйء
һôܳܵĵѹһ߹ɵĵѹǲͬնġ
ԣΨеҲʵʣпܣɵɾͷ֮
ӦģŵĿѹǿӣʹû䣬һѹ֮Ҳͬĵɵĵࡣ
ĵһʩչȻǿҲ
ο˵ģǵûб仯¡
ͻѨڣȻֹǵǿɣҲһɡ
ģȻһı仯
ԣһѨڣڣڸУһҲȽ϶һЩĵӣ䵽ˣʵûнռ䣬Ż漰ףƹһЩ
Ѩڣʹ㻹ǵ֮Ҳ϶Ȩλߣһкǰͬնˡ
ΪѨڣκһУҲһŵĵ̣Ӳʵ
һŵǿ񣬳ıɽ֮⣬ģǿǸֵĶѡ
޵磬ܳƵϸֵģȻѨϣѨ۷壬벽ЩȻķǿߡ
ǿܹûмʱ򣬿ȻѨڣ벽һ
ģѨ£Ҳ󱸾
Ȼ˳ͻƵѨڣû谭һʱ䣬һֱڱֲּϵĿ֮⡣
⣬ǰʱ䣬յǽӵˮ֮飬ҲһҪԭ
ֻ̣Ȼ֪ڹѡ
СѨѼ˵鵤ǲԩ
ΪСѨڣԭƷѨڵƷѨ
ȻƾǰʣʹŵƷԼˮ֮ƶҲ˳ɹ֮죬ԼɾѨ֮ľˡ
ԣ֮ӿΪʹﵽƷѨĵزǣĵƷҲеȡ
ΪǿߣϵȵʶûмܳɹҪ˵еˡ
ԣҪܵɹʣǵٴһЩĵҩ
ʹܸѨԴһЩֲʵĲ㣬߸Ѫǿȣ黯ۣҲڲ硣
Ҳ
ȻЩжϡ٣Ͳ˵ˣһСѨͲҵ¶Ҳ̨
ʣµģֻпԵԼȴˣвá

ڳӯĵԼԴԴϲ֮࣬Ҳһӣ鿴ԼѨת䡣
ֻԭɫĵﺣڱøһЩ˫֡
һݣڵɫ³ռ˵°벿ݡ
һݣлڣ˴Ʈڵ棬ѨǶм䣬һ룬סתܵԪ
ʣֵͯһǣڰ׷ĳ졣
ûиоʲô쳣СˣΧĺâʵʡ
壬Щãһһ
ǡĳˣȻԶԶûǸ̶ȣֻܼӹ̣ǿˡ
ţͻƵѨ۷壬벽֮գѨضһ䣬˵еġת
Ѱ㹻ԵһЩ˵еĸƷδز㻯һɳ죬Ǵ˵е

ʱһһֹȥãڴӵӵľ˳лعҡҡͷԼЩʵʵ˼
ҪͻƷأѾЩĳεӣķʮǧŬȡմﵽѨ۷֮
ˣ˵˼ͻƷ֮¡
ϾξǳΣôҲɾͲ˷
Ͼûаֻ֧֣һռӡ
Ʃܴ·涼ûѪ⣬յģ޸š
ֻй⣬ȴʧȥ꣬ҲôҲ޷֮Ϊˡġ
壬ڹ˵Ѫ⣬˵꣬תãǾȱٲ˵ġ
룬۾ԼΪ
ﵽѨڣ޵磬ѨȻ֣Ķ⣬Ǵ˵еľ磬ңɼ
ֱʱ֣ڷг׹˾磬Ŷȴ֣еˣϲɫңңʳ̨ڵķ
ôˣ
ʳڣŵ֪һ𾪵ϢΪʳǷһԭ򣬺֮ܶǰĸ֣׷׳زμӣ쳣ҡ
֮⣬һ֣ʳ
Ǿǣ˳֮Ϊ󶥼֮һģΨһһŮӣҲһɢޡ
ޡޡ


512 ޱ߾޳
ޣ塣
ı޷Ǳ˸Ĵºš
ֻǳƺˣе˳ڣºŷı˽ǣûм˼ǵ
ĸʮ걻ʿУͳΪµĸ֣뻨񶴸Ϲ黨ӣɡ
գɾ͡ޡ֮պһɢ֮Խ˾ŵӡ
˵ĿǰӦҲʮ꣬ΪȻѨ۷壬ֻһ̤봫˵еİ벽֮ˡ
ݣͣɾͣ˵ǰ޹ˣߣҲǾ֮š
޵ĳ֣ȻֵһȣҲ޶ֵĸо
سǣҲνҳ飬ޱ߳ǣΪǣǳ
ֻҪ־ڽϾʿޣһᱨμӡ
һμӣ϶Ҫѡǳһ
ǳУħΪԽң϶ǰ̫׳ǣӦӦܣΪ¥ڲϣԼпȥǡ
ֻҪʱϣĿܣʣµˣ˾ϣԼޣͻܿǳأѡǳء
ϾϷҪ˼
ǰˣ˿ϧ
ʣǳأâʣ˶пȥ
ô޳ʳǣҲûʲôֵˡ
ϾҲ֮һңôḻ
ģֻգȡ˶ʤʲô
Ը΢һµ⡣
ϾȻѾ̨꣬ϴսһڰºޱ߳ǾУֻҪ˶ߵյ㣬˵ϵһ졣
֪֪ˣܰսʤ

⣬ҲʳǺܶ˵⡣
⣬ʵҲ⡣
Ϊ޵Ĳʤ¼ˢ£ܿ죬кߣյĳɼ˷֪
ȻҲ˵ˡ
Ͼʵ̫ˡ
һɢޣҪģһͷľŮӣߵĿοʳǷҪ顣
ûжһ·ʤûзʵʤʮһеĽһʤһ
ۿȴȻֹЪͣսˣ̨ø̨µǡ
̨ЩԭͶкøоʳʿ˷ܣж
ޡ֮һսҲӴ죬ԶԶͬӮʮս졣
ϾȻҲбվˣǰûʲôӰ֮ԵҲûôˡ
ʤˣȻˡ
ңЩʳǵʿսˣȴһ˷ܵɫ·ɡ
Ҳǵ뷨
ϾʳʿȻսˣɢޣʳǣʱޱ߳ϣ˾˵ǴʳǴġ
ʤãʳȻҲܷһٹ⡣
Ҳ֮ǰԸΪһôټ۵ԭ
⣬ÿһ徳ʿޣ˵徳徳֮ľ
С˵ֺγǳ֮ľ֮ľ
˭ʤ˭顣

ûЩҲûһֵȥǸġޡжǿ󣬶ޡ
ư֣ӣձѩȻ֮ǽһ漴ٴλصУʼչء
Ҫֶ룬徳ʿ޵֮ǰ̺ԼΪһͻѨ۷壬ս֮ǰûлᣬѨ۷֮
һѨ۷֮Ϊٴһ䣬İգҲ͸һЩˡ
ο¼ң˵üƶ˭֪;᲻ʲôʣͻ
ʱ˵õʱ
ʵã¼Ȼˣֻ·һ
ϾҪ֪ҪԵģһ¼ңһ̫ƹâǿҵµĴ
ߺ֮ףպá
ǿɲһͨܺڵʮ֮ǰ徳ʿΪ½һǿߵĴ
ԣǿԵĵģ

ڷġԼڸ߲ʹµľ깦Լϻõġȼֶ룬ҹݣת۱ȥ졣
ΪһѨڵľҲ׹̣⣬ûµĿܣֻżϼ硣
Ͼ֮࣬Ҳżʦýġ䡷ĥһ»ü֮롶깦ȼȻӡ֤ͬߣķᡣ
棬⼸գĵӣư֣ӵĴ£ҲԷɿٶת
һӣǰɳҳ޽ǰޱ߳ѡַ̽ϢͽύΪǰ·
ʱһʳߣ죬ư֣ӵҲڷһЩġ
֪ձѩڴ򣬳ʲô¡
ھҲһ죬һЩҪ֮ͬһҳ޽ޱ߳ǣڶ·


513 ɽᣨϣ
ư֣ǰˡ
ձѩˣͣʳǣһ߼һͬʱһżһЩ¡
ͨ飬򲻹ע˴
һʱĽӴԭǧ¥ڵʮӣҲ˺ü׿вŸɡ
һݣư֣ɵޱ߳ǣȵȥˣõǡ
һСݣկǵǧ¥ΪҲٲǡ
ţضг£˴»Ҳʲô⡣
⣬կʣޱǣͬһϣضо޽ͨС
һд£Ҳüϻش
ңԼޱ߳ǽľݵ㣬Ҫһݵڻѡ
ķչʵں
Ҳû㿿ս𣬳Ϊһ̡
ԣǷչΣġ
УҲͳӣúŪһ¡
Ͼһлᣬչȭţһҵɡ
ǸԣȤĲͬ
һӣȷһҵš
Ȥ޵ϣھ̡
ҵҲ֮ǰҪҲԭ
ڿЧ
ʱ䣬Ҳ΢עһ½ʿ޵
֣ԼõϢͬ⼸֣ȻҲ׷׳֡
Уħ̫׳ǣڷȡʮʤĺóɼ̫׳ʤһˡ
ӦӦܣҳ֮һĲǡ
˫壬սˣһ˫ãȻȡһ˵ʮһʤ
ɼھ
ȻⲢ˵˾ǽһˣڷ֮ϣЩԸ̫ͷԣûȫѡ
Уһˣǰġš˾ϣҳеâǣͬȡʮʤĺóɼ
ʵâ֮ס
Ȼ⼸ˣʤѩޱ߳ǷޣֻʮΣÿֻһУʮսʤûһ϶֡
ʮʤ֮˳˲μկʸ񣬶ʣµıȶȴЩϡ
Ҳпԭ˵֮ǰޱ߳Ƿޣ֮ޱ߳ޣֻҲϡ
̨ע󣬸Զ
Ķ֣ҲԲħ£ӦӦЩˣϾе֡
Ȼ˳֣һЩǰûûȴͻȻһ𣬻ˣעҪޱ߳
磬֮һǣͳһˣųơ
һʮĽʤѩһҲûһ֮УȡʮʤĺóɼΪ֮ס
ǣ˶ӦӦܣһСڡ꣬ҲǾԵĸ֣ͻȻһƥ
˵¥֮һġ¥أֶξ˶ӦӦܣҲȡʮʤ
⣬ļޣҲûкͶֵսʤö֪
̫׳ǣһС櫡ŮճԼħµǿӲȡʮʤ
ʮʤֻһ
ȵȵȵȡ
ǣ϶ѷһҲ˶Զ˽ܡ
˽ܵ飬֣£ޣֻڱϿôࣿ

תֹۣȥ졣
һ죬ڣһֻƣɫֽС
ں󣬾ֱչصǼŸ
۾ӹֽ񣬽򿪣һ֮󣬾ֽһӣֽʱԶΪɢ
Ŷձѩãһ֣صصʱ򣬸óˣ
ǡ
ձѩһݣ뵽ҪӽǸ˵еĴǣԼԼڵļ壬ͷм
Ҫô
Ǽæȥʰһ󣬽Ƭ̣˾ʰ˰˶ͷ֮ϣҳ޽
˳Уҳ޽죬ֱΣҳУҲһš
ͬʹǴطޱ߳ǣҴҸȥ

߰˸ʱ֮
ҳ޽˷ˣڵִһͨͨĶͷѾڵȴӭǡ
ư֣ӡ
ǾȻˡ
ԣһȺ¡
ЩˣǴʳȥвӣҲкޱ߳ǣյһСˡ
ˣ
´ʡ
ǣһ׼׵͵ˣ֤⣬
ưֲЦȴһЦص
ˣƶˣ߰ɣ
ưûһţ漴·ӭձˣŶɿڱԵȥ
Ѿͣܺɫ͵ȴݻޱߡ
ֹµµʼޱ߳ǵķ򣬼жȥ


514 ɽᣨУ
Ƭ֮ǰһֺ޳ǡ
޳ǣȫһɫʯɣÿһ鶼֮ߣ⻬羵ʯڳһΰ޳ǡ
˵˳ǽ·Ǵӳ̽ͷֻǽƺ˰У߲漣
ߣǽһͷ㡣ŶǲףУʲôҲ
⣬ޱ߳ǵɡ
ޱ޾ޱߣѹ֣ܳΪһسǣҲΪ貵һ顣
ûжͣޱ߳ǽ𺳣ԺҲеʱ俴
׼ȥư֣ӵȹĵ̿۲һܳһʱ䣬ǶҪĵط
˳ţȻɽ˺̣۴αȣƻͨһ֮
ѽҹ
У˷ŷɿơ
ƣϸ߿գȾƶ䣬ߵϼ׳ۡ
ˣҲֹΪЩƣŷȥ֮󣬾ͻȻ٣
ޱ߳Ͽգзսƣκ֮׹䣻ͷ֮ϣҲУǱ߳ţŶݡ
ҲǺСǵĲͬɴ˸绪緶
ˣư֣Ӵ·⼸գϤ˵طύһЩȨټسǵսʿҲ۹Ϭ֮һǵ֪ǺǵģԲûжֱӷС
ư֣ӵѡ̺ڣǵġٱ֡
ٱ֡˼飬ޱ߳ǣļҵֵ֮һ
ʹҹҲ
̣̯ر¥Ž˾ӣջݣ弼ԺӦоУҼݻ
ͣڡٱ֡жΣһȽϷֵ
ư֣³ӭſڵˣѩձ³
һʹǼʶҲ΢΢һ۾¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǰģһ߲¥ľ޴ϺڹŸ󣬹ŸȻЩͷˣù㣬̱ڡ
Ľǵͷ֮ϣͭ壬һоӴ󣬷һö
ͷɣϼԼ⣬Թ⡣
ͬʱҲͨ񣬶ǾɫС񡱣ѹˣЧ
˴УǶ죬ů紺죬ܳ뺮ָů죬ͷ⣬øˡ
ڹŸǰһ޴ң֣¥ֻǴʱ˿̣µۣӣڰ顰¥ժ
ư֣ӣ֪϶ǰŸеֻ֣ڱ˹ˣȻû
ʳǲͬʳǣȡ󡱣Ҳá
ֻǣ¥һ˲䣬ư֣ӣ֪С󡱣ʾݻɣҲʾһȵ¡
գȡһ֡
󡱡
ʶǷչޣ󺣡
У֣ǽŵĹ⣬ĵӡ
ͬʱֿͷʾȻû֮ǣһУͬһ̺š
̺š
ΪʱȣûʽҵԲڲŻң֣ңҲ˲ʱ䡣
ϾһҾԺ棬ǵĸ֣Ȼܺᣬư֣ӿǻ˲Сۣˣûҹȥӣֻʽҵɣʱ֮ʱ
ȻҲм죬϶пԼˡ
˵ͷŸа˷ձѩˣư֣ӵĴ£Ÿ֮ȥ
ӭ棬Ƕʮʯ̨ףĥù⻬Ȼǰ̺ţҲӪзֻǾȻܱư֣򵽣ʾǵǿ
ԣӭһе·ŮΪ࣬ұΪϣԽḡȻ㣬Ů
Ҳư֣ӵޱ߳Ǻ󣬲Żؽ뵽ģǻ˲СۣԺҲ棬ͽӴˡ
ӭ١
һŮĴӭУưֵȣ߽ڡ
һУһɾľ޴ãĿнɷԲΪƷ绷ˮһȾɨøɸɾɼˡ
ڻûпţȻûаڷŻܣѾȫˡ
˻֮⣬صģ¥ڣȻһɽɽΧשΧ𣬳ԲΣˮн㣬зȪС鿡
ö֮һķˮ֡
зװãԶƣˬΧƴԵÿ󷽣һת¥ݣʽɫֱͨ¥ϡ
á
ȷư֣ǣȷһĴ
ĵطޱ߳ǣ϶ֻƽһ꣬δõ£ֻ˼죬Ͱ£һ˲ٹ
ȻǮʹĥʱ׼ȷǮʣҲǲܰ쵽
ֻܰ˸ɴ䣬ģȴѵˡ
߰ɣ¥Сһ£Ҳ˵Ժķչ򡣡
ֳźˣˣת¥ݣֱӹŸϲȥ羰֮أܸٱ֣ķ֮һޱ߳ǣѵõıء
ˣͻϢҲʺһЩ¡
㣬Ƕ⿪ŵĵط


515 ɽᣨ£
תۼ䣬˵ִޱ߳ǣ͹ȥ졣
죬˵һ쵽ʱԷͷ֮⣬ʱձѩˣǳ
˳Ժ¥ϣר˷̣һĬĬһ׼ӭӽĽʿޡ
һ죬ȴһصСˣӰٱ֮ΣƬ֮ҵһ仹ûʽŵ
֮󣬱æµư֣һ֣ص˽
Сûж˵֮󣬾һ̽
̽ʮرīɫ滹ӡһĳķţ壬̽Ľɡ
ֲ࣬һʮ֣ȴ˿ͷԡ
գޱ߳⣬ʮɽۣ֮ͤݡ
ǣ
ձѩ˳̽ͬһ⡣
ûҲûܹôȿ߼ûͷûβĻ͸˭ģʲô˼
һʱ˶ǲʲô˵Ķ硣
ǳݵʲô˵ĲԹǰɡ
ϸīɫ͵ۣ̽ȴأȻһָָ佣䣬Ϣ̽
˲䣬ΣȻ޷Ǽ̽־ȻڿԶֽ⣬ΪʮСнȫɨһա
Щɢ׹ڵأΪһС̲ۡ
ǣ
ư֣Ȼһ
΢صֵϢֻдµļ֣Ȼнۣ˲򵥡
ҲǶ硣
˶ۣư֣һҲ׹
Ƕ磬Ҳ˹д֣ĳһŷǳرˡ
ֻǣ˵˭д⼸ʮʲô˼Ҫ͵ˣ˭
˵ָ˻ֹ֣˵ĺ˼룬˵ȥһ¾֪ˡ
˲ؿȻһЦȻҪ͸ûʹĵôд±˲ף϶صĵط
ҲֻǳէĹأȥһʣأ
ǣǡ
´һ˷ܣֵԴδĽýȥȥ飬ǵҡ
˵꣬ܳ˺ʧ
˼״һЦû˵ԭصȴ
û뿪Ϊţȴʱ䲻̫á
Ȼûһ㣬Ӿ˳ػīȻĽѾˣһۿóر
һܣһ߳ձ˵󺰣Ҳ鵽ˣ鵽ˣǡ̤Ỷɽ֮רǷȡ׿Խɾͣͻʮʤϵĸ֣뺯
ɽ֮᣿
һ㶣ϸؿ
ȴôһ֪˶ٵطһ޵ߣȻЩ죬ȴһЦ˷ܡ
ɽޱ߳⣬һɽɽԣɽ֮ᣬһ֣Сɽ֮ᡯ
Ȼ֣ǽɽᣬɽᡣ
ɽᣬɽ᣿Ỷ
֣˼ĵѾһ롣
ȻųӵĽͣͷһ룬Ҳ׹²ʵ
¼ǽһҡ
Ҳޱ߳ǵһ
ޱ߳ǵĳҲ֮Ტۡ
ΪӰݵλ¼γһͳ
ÿʮʱ򣬽ʿ޿ʼ֮ǰ죬¼ҵˣһʤٮٮߣɽ֮һᡣ
νᣬǹͬһƷ۲衣
ʵϣȻǽᣬиμӽʿ޵Ķ֣ɽ֮һһ档
ϸ˶ҲΪԸԵĽ
ͬʱ¼ڽӰݵλ衣
¼ҵߣᵽǰ˵ݣָһ˵ãһ͡
ԣɽ֣޵磬ԣޱ߳طȴ˲֪˲
ͬʱ֮ȴҲһٳĽݾ
ЩˣڴĻᣬҪǰһӢۣԼʵ
ͬʱ壬пܣϣ֦һЩڲ¶裬رǿɢޣûԼ֮ʿ뺯
Լص£ǼԼ壬ɡ
Щʵǿȴһֱ·ɣҵˣʢᣬ֮ͣڴѡ
Ͼɢ֮·ȻɣҲΪ࣬һЩţرǶûеõ;
һƿĳһԿ䣬յӵݣ壬пܣõЩͻƿ׸߾硣
ʳǣʮʤڶȻﵽΪɽһλߡ
׹ʼĩˣҲɾû뵽ʿ޻ûʽʼ֮ǰԭһصĲڵȴǡ
¼ң̤Ỷ⼸ʱЩرԭûʲôȤҲһ˲ı⡣
̤ỶڤԨһ䲻֪ǲ㣬һΣԿĿ
ͬʱߺ֮һ¼ңǽӽǵһַʽ


516 ͤ
̤Ỷָɲİˡ
ڤԨһУֻһССڵӵʱ˾档
ң׮ޣҪڶԷϡ
һǣڵӣ߿ľ֮
߿ڻ¿ɶСŮ֮֡
ľɣĵȷȷԳơ̤Ỷİ˽¡
Ȼժߣ¶һӥǳüɫס
⣬ܴΪǡ̤Ỷ֤ݡ
ҲǹģҪˣɵأ
֮£ʵ֮ʵ֮ʵʵ飬ǧͷ˭
ԣСǹ۶һ˵˵˵󣬷ܱȽϿ͹۵۹
ˣûм֮ǰ
ǣỶ¿ɶҲ׷ɱ
ȣУֻ´ʱͰľɣ߿һԨһʽıʬˡ
󣬻ųϵǣƽ£š
׮ޣһֱû
ûʱ䣬һֱá
˴μȵȻҲҪ顣

ȻҪȥҲûʲôõĵģ׼
һΣһǰȥμɽ֮ᣬỶǲǵǸỶϳ
ⷽй۲죬ǳ
ϱʱ䣬ǽʿ޿ʼ֮ǰգʱ䡣
ʱ䣬΢Ҳ
£صУԼĸֹԡ깦ȼΪ
󹦷ǽ󣬺ܳһʱ䣬
๦ӰͼžපצǷʮ
⼸ŹʮˣҲȽϾ
ԣռ䲻żϰһ¼ɣҲٻʱȥ
ĲϽ⼸ŹȻԴﵽ۷壬¯֮
ǰߣȴܶڵս𵽼Ĵٽá
ʿ޿ڼȻ£Ҳܲ׼
֮Իˣֻ˵һʤѩûаգһսʤ
οҪˣʤѩǿٱ
ԣȻҪ⣬һѷˣڴ˹ͷʲôʲôҪѡ
ѩձư֣ӵˣҲûš
Ȼûеõ뺯ӲǳˣȻҲ֣Իر̽
ͨˣȷûɽսʸ񣬵ǣÿŻ뺯֣ȴɴһҵѻɽ
Ͼ䣬Ҫմ״ʣһûС
ԣ¼һģҲԻ֮ձѩư֣ӵˣҲиɽһӢ۵һλᡣ

ʱҴңתպ
һ죬߳󡱵Ĵ⣬ִſڣµѾȥֻһֻʽҵһ죬нҿ
⼸գæư֣ӵˣȴơ
ģһصġ󡱼ޱ߳ǿҵҲһЩ˵ע⡣
ʱޱ߳Ƕֵʱӿƽʱ
ԣư֣ӵѡڴʱҵҲһõʱ
΢˵ͷûж࿴ȣ
ǼǰǰͷӦǵɫݻȴֲ
Σ棬һССʳ񣬷вյƱʳƷνӦоУΪʡ
֮⣬ǰһĻ֮һרŮһ·Ϊǵپģ
ⶼư֣֪Ҫμɽᣬرİš
ԴˣҲݻĬǵľٶƽʱԸ˸ߵȥμɽᣬʱҪӽ¼ңͲ̫ĬĬš
УдһҲá
ܿ죬ϳ֮󣬳ͷһۣ漴һޣꤡֱޱ߳⣬ʮﴦһƣԼɼһڹͤŸɽʻȥ
˽Գ֮Ϊ֮ɽɽٰ֮ˡ
ϵڹͤһλǿʱλǿߣʱ˳ƺšҲĳһʮһλ
ԣ˳֮Ϊͤ
գ¼Ҫ˾ٰᣬһΪϡ̤ݣͤУ
ҲΪΨȺ˷ȴһʱĶ֡


517 Ⱥ
Ƕա
̫ڰգȴƽʱƻζ˵½ƮϹ¡
ձѩư֣ӵˣѾڿʼɽ
ɽȻƼߣΪޱ߳ԱߵһʢԵҲƫƧ˴ֱͨɽ
ȻɽᣬҲѡС
Ȼдͨɽǲÿˣʸֱȥ
ɽɽԼ֮ҵλã޴Ĺɣƣ緿ݴİꡣ
֮£վɫװӭӣǱƽʱһһͻмһҪͨ˳ʾ뺯
û뺯޷룬Ȼ˴˳⡣
ҲĿɽϵͤɲ¡
úһֵľۻᣬҲɲгȻǾٰɽ¼ң̵ġ
˵˹֮£ڲ鿴ݳ뺯֮һ˱ȭһʼС
˵Լ룬ɽϡ
Щˣͬȴɽý롣
һѯʳӲ֪ɽᣬҲеȼֵġ
ʮʤԻ뺯һֻܴһɽҵ˽£벽С
ʮʤϣԴˣԳɽķ֮֮Ľ⽣ͤ³еɽ
ֻʮʤǿߣʸЯĵˣֱӳͤ£ʱŸǵλӣҲͬ
ɽ֮ᣬΧΧȦӣȦӣͤҲʤ֡
ʮʤΧ֮ͤ⣬ûκڵɽľΪڣ輸Ų̸
ʮʤΧͤһڷ糤ȣ滷ƣǿȦӵһһ
ĵȦӣֻһСˣҲͤĸ֡
ĸֻ֣ʮˣ߼ʮˣͶʮʤϵĸ֣ʮʤʮʤ˵һ
ˣֵø£ͬʱܣʱȣͬһȦ֮нС
ȻҲԽսˣֻǶܵúܲңһԽսʧܣ͵ڲ޹⣬ɽȥ
ԣ֮ǰʵԼмģһ˲ô

˵ͤ£³̧Ŀһɨŷ֣ɽͤ⣬Ѿкܴһˣ絽ˡ
Щ˻ֻݣ߻򰫣лŮͣûģݸͬ
ЩӭȦЩֻȦ㣬Ȼǧͬˡ
ڳͤеģֻˣһ¿ˣ㣬ЦݣһϢɲ⡣
̤Ỷ
ֻǿһӰܲ³˵ݣҲԽȺΧڹͤȥ
֮ͤУзһɣ֮ϣйϹƣȫϡ֮
ǹϣʱɫѪһ֭ҺĮ֮صġѪϡƽһӶûл᳢һڣֵǧ
ǹһſţɫӨ͸滹׺żθɾ峺¶飬ԡ֮ءġᡱͬޱȡ
ھƣ˵δԶԶرŵһƢ㣬ţãо嶼˼֡
¼ңʢһزơٻơ¼ǰɼڰٻʢ֮ʱһֲͬϡ䣬ƶɡ
滹ϡϣǧʯ飬ˮ֮飬¶֮ۣó͡
ҲʢϣŻżһΡ
ձѩư֣ˣΧסˣǴĹȴܽȦӣֻΧˡ
ֻһˣֳ̽һǰȥû˸
˶¶ĽʼĿ⡣
ʱĿ⣬ȴûпˣҲûпǸп¼һƶ˵ġ̤ỶǿͤĽǣƵŮ
Ůһ죬¼ܽȦӣǣȡùʮʤϺóɼĳˡ
ĸ֣֪ٳޱ߳ǣǣҲˡ
ʹޱ߳ǣһĽʿޣȡóʮʤϵǿߣҲᳬʮˡ
Ͼޱ߳ΪһǣȻ࣬ϸƼޱ߳ǣռһСıҲ֡
ˣȻ֮ˡ
УһˣĿ⣬ΪǺȻУΨһһŮӡ
Ůӣ͸һʮĵϢֻǱף˸оٻʢ̲סĿ
һ£Ӱ޳ϢԨ纣ףȻȻ˲С
˫ͫ΢΢һŮӣֻЩ򵥡
ֻŮӣˣҲԲ֮
ΪŮӣͤУ˵ӡ
ˣһһһꣻһһЦӣһһ嵭ϥٵһŮ
һһ׿ŲȺǴŵЦʹⶬգҡȣԵ÷һ°깫ӡ


518 ϣ
ֹڴͤеˣͤеˣҲӦͻȻ
Ϊͤɽ֮ĺȦӣֻʮʤϵĸֲſԽ롣
ԣÿһͤĸ֣ȻΪģע⡣
߽ͤʱʹŲᣬҲûɢκǿϢǵһʱ䱻˸֪
ˣΪǿ󣬸֪񣬸ǵһ˿عͷ
ʱ¶ݡ
¿ۣ΢˪üŭֻվһЦȴһɽĸо
ɽĲɽĺأֻǣȴЩµĲɣ˺ۼ۾ԵرºͶ顣
һ統Щ¡
ǣºͶ飬ϴʱλߵЩԶżһţָּƽصɭ䡣
̤Ỷ
Ŀ⣬һӣ쿴һ£üͷʱ΢ɲһ¡

ȻƣȻòͬǣʣȴ֮𣬲ǿģ£ģµġ
ԣ̤ỶĿĵһʱ䣬ڤԨе̤Ȼ˼ٰ硣
ֻǲٰ֪ߵ˭кĿģ
ΪĨ¼ң¼֮ķǣǽһ
ֻ£ûô
һʱ˼ӣ֪£ˡ
ϵռŲҰǼ£ʧٵġպйء
֣ӵǧٹ⣬ڽǹâ䣬ܱȵĵһңƺأİء
ֻǣڻǽҿʱ
ʱ¿ˣ¼Ȼƶˣعͷһۡ
Ŀֻ΢΢һɨӹȻֻǵһμ棬ȻȻͰԺеһ϶Ӧϣӭ
СѰɣʳһʱʮʤټ롭
ԣ˵ͷѹͷĲɣһ֣Ǵк
漴˽ѡһٵĵط£ȴδȥϵЩϹ
ͤеˣĿҲϲʱɨ
ʳǣ
Ȼһˣվһ£Цĺӣ¥ɽӼˡ
˵꣬һֻҪ֡
ţ
۾΢ȴǿ£ֵĴ֮ϣܳһ΢â˲֪Ҳ޾ɫҲƣɫҲһֻȥ
룡
ֻ˵һ֡
ա

һε֮伤˲ǵ
˿Գơ¥ӵĺӺɽȴȻһ𣬽Ų΢Σæ˳վȣϲɴһ˿΢졣
ãƺһ֡
˵꣬δ˵һ仰߻λϵЦʧЩƲ֡
һ֮䣬ʤС
ˣںɽ֮ʱҲûֹһֵı飬ƺЩֻ
һ֮䣬ɽȻ˲۾Уȴɴһ˿ȡ
Ŀʱһ˿֣ء
мˣ⣬Ϊǣƺһ֪˵ı顣
ȻǺӺɽӦòֹǵһθˣӦöûֵʲôá
ὣţԣ
΢΢˹֣к
¥£
ϥٵľŮ
ǰ˾ϣ֡
׿Ⱥҡȵİ¹ӣҲ΢΢Цһ
ȻӡɽһգڳˣϿʵ̸
ԣȻɱ桱ʱĹ¸Į״ȴԵ޶ԣ΢˹֣³֣
ˣҲΪ⣬Ͼͤеģ˭ûмֱ£˭ûмֲͬ˵Ը
磬ͤˣΪ˵¼ƶˣһǿߣ̤Ỷˣ⻹ǵ⣬
һֱĬȻȻģ񻹽ĺŮȴһֱԲ·һߵ
˷׷ȴûκαʾֻǶϵġٻơһڣ漴¾յȻʼĿ
Ȼ
Ǽ˲صıʾ
ͤˣȴûһʾ飬ʹǱ·ˡҲûκ뷨
ǿߣ죻ررԸ
ȻͤˣÿһԸ񣬷򣬲һ
ʱҲͤ˵ݣ˲һš
һ꣬ὣţһССУΪܳĶˡ
ὣţ߻¥ʮ֮УһС
ж಻
ʣˣǡ¥ĹŮ£ǡ¥ĺӺɽ˶¥֮һгٮٮӡ
¥ʮҡ
ν¥ָ¥¥ժ¥¥Լһ¥¥
ͣ¥ߣȻ䲻
ʹĺӣ˿Ҳ֮
٣ʹضһУùʮʤһޱȻԻ͵ս
ˣҲӵˣǡǡҡȵİ¹ӣԼһĺŮӡ
ǰ˾ϣĽ콾֮һ
ȻƵһǡǡЦݣУյһ
һˣϲҲνĽ콾֮УһˣҲΨһŮӡ
ͬǳʳǣժʤʸģޡˡ
콾ˣԶ
г˼ʣ콾᲻ʱ̣ͤ⣬˽Ų
һΣŲͬʱ
̧ͷͿһֵġꡱһ䣬̤ͬڡ
˹һЦҲ˼񣬴𵶵ؾĶ棬һһңֻͬʱһϹͿС


519 £
ѪƤ࣬һҧȥ֭ҺĽʺĹ֭һУһһأȾǵĺӣ
ͤУˣ³ӣüͷǱصˣ̤ỶЩΡ
Ϊǿӭȥ
ǽ¥ĶֵܰɡӦӦܣӭɽᣡ
ߣϹ
˭֪ǶֵֵܣûлشǻһۣӵгʣĹƤָһ飬Ȼһ䣺Ϲ
Ѫϣ
״ỶҲˣǸɴûǣͷһӭȥ
Ϊͤ⣬Ὺʼʱ佥

ʱ佥ţͤеˣԽˡ
󣬹涨ɽʱֹͤ⣬Ѿɽ˺ˣǧ
ЩˣȻֹǻ뺯ǰμĸ֣Ǵѣˡ
Ȼôˡ
ͤеΪϸƣֻʮʤܽ룬ٵöࡣ
ϾУΣʹټѣȡóʮʤϵģûӹ֡
֮ǰ޵ļ֣ڣ櫵ȣȻ϶ʮʤϵʵΪûȡùʮʤĳɼԵͤУȡ
գͤеߣܹһʮˡ
ȥ֮ǰĽ¥ӦӦֵܣǰš˾ϣɢޡޡޣὣšӺԣ¥£¥Ӻɽ
ٿȥԼ
浽ģһˡ
ˣǵĽܣֱǣһңҶ֡ѩаħ£
ػ߳һӣϿʲô棬һ۾ȴƺӵ棬˳ơĿӡ
ԳơǺӡ
ϼɴʦ㣬λó¡ġ
ǧɱָ
ԦңŮɡɡ
ʮˣȫˡ
۳Ϊֻޱ̨߳ȡʮʤûʸμɽĽһ콾ʤѩ
ԼΪǱԼ֮ǰսУֻ˸ʮʮʤȡòμޱ߳ʸ񣬾ͷսظ֡
ڳʮˣһ죬ȺǻͣҲΪһСˡ
ǵʵǵĳɾͣҲ޵磬һʱΪս
飬಻ֳʮ֮ܺ͡

ȷһȷ˶Ѿ̤̤ͤỶ֪ʱ䵽ˣ΢ЦţֹͣӦ꣬ߵ̨ǰ泯ˣ֣صһ
ôҾúˣ˼ȵ룬ɽʽʼ
˼״ˣưɽ֮⣬༸˶æ
Ҳңúүҵȵңҵү񡣡
ȷҡ
츳ǵȷǽһһţǰ̤ʮǰˡ
ڽһأбҪμӽʿ޵ľӵ½Ļᡣ
ǣܶǰǰλ˫΢ߵˣѾ½ΪһʱΪ֮һ
ڽʿʤֻһˣϾʿޣҲǰĴڣߺ֮һ
׷Ŀ꣬Ǳ˵ĳɾͣѾﵽĳɾͣȴһܴﵽ
ܹ
οԷһҵƶˣҲǽһƶˣ˵ʵۣû˸Ҳš
ܶʿʵư㣬޶ԡ
Ȼеˣ⡣
罣¥ĶӦӦֵܣǵĸףҲǽһһĴ¥¥̤١
ԣǲǰ̤ȻҲ̫ӡ
ȻҲǹΪ֮񡱡̲ñӣˣڱУȻǼѲĶ󣬽Ҳˣǵϡ
ʱɷҲǴЩе
̤ỶĿһɨѾڳЩУ˵ıٶ۵ףƴȨˣгǸȻ͸¶ʲô
ˣ֪ҵʱ䱦ҾͲ£ֻ˵¹ˡ
ɽᣬ¼ʼİ꣬ʮһ죬Ҳ˵꣬Ѿǵʮˡ
ÿһɽᣬӢϼȺƣΣҲ⡣
ǵĵͤԣǵĽؽͤǶ١
ˣ¼Ҿٰ˻ᣬΪṩһཻƽ̨ʶѣѡϾǿǶ֣һ˽ǿܾٺòֵܣѡ
ܷɽ֮ãԵͿԼ츳Լˡ
أᣬвͷ¼ңˣҲ⡣
ŴҶż˰ɣǺãھߴңһɽᣬ¼ңǰżȻڡʥ̡õһҳΪͷҼ͡

̤ĻȫһƬȻ֮ʹ֮ǰǼһ棬ߵˣʱҲɵ۾ŴͣԼ𾪡
ģȻееʶ
ʲôƽ˿֪ܲǣû˵
¼ңȻóƷΪͷ˵İδУѪһ졣
ѹȫȺ鼤𾪴㵣漴Ǿܣһ˼Ѫ
Ȧˣ̲סʵ̤ͷֻһҳȫȴôˣҪõƷ׸ʲôأ
ԣȫȻͬ⣬һ׵ġ̤Ỷ
Ǻǡ
״̤ỶЦһһۣ˵ɽ֮ϣѹȺۣΪ֮٣ڴ˻ϣ´֮еˣлᣬűһʱ
˱µʮǿȻʱ⣬Ѿʮϡұ¼ҼλǰΣʣµıǿȣܸʮΣԣʮΪޡ
˵ĿɨˣޱȼԽҲ˵֮УʮˣԵõһθĻᣬȺ󣬱㿴֮ıˡ
ʼ
˵꣬ˣСͯʱ߽һ֮ͤ࣬չһͨĹž
ǹžʮ£滭ķƣȫûκιԣǣȴ˲ȥ
˺Ϣһϣʱÿȣͼ


520 
֮ԪѨףâ
ԪѨľʵǿԼ壬Ȼ漰һ򣬵ʵࡣ
ףâ漰򣬵Ǹʱ򣬶Ҫ󶼼ߡ
νͼϹǿߣĪǻۣķԼһݣĳͼУԴ
ܲܲ꣬ʲôȫԼԼԵˡ
ûһ
ң֮ʱţ߲ߵӣر䵭ʧ١
ԣ̤˵д֮ޣֻʮˡ
ˣӵȻᣬȴÿһ˶ޱȣ޷ƽ
Ϊһá
츳㹻鸣죬˵ܴʥλʥ桱µľѧಢûп֮¡
ʥ̣½Ϸɽһ֪˶֯
֯ʮӴ󣬶ҴйϣӵزԤ֮
Ȼвˣ֪֮Ӵǿ֮ڶ࣬κһڣй֮
ǰ֪ΪΣʥһλˣĪ꣬ʱİ׷ɱһս
ϵʱϷڶСֱϽɽʱ꣬Ž
˲֪Դ˸𣬵ǣǻбͲƸȴںЩСϷһա
Уǵꡰʥ̡λƽʥıͼ䵽˽¼ҵУഫ
İꡣ
ʥ̡ʥ棬ǰˣǷʤƷ
һΪĪ⣬˵ǵʱ󷨵֣Žɱһͨʤ
ǿģʹȥû˸С
ԣµıͼ˲Ķ
һԵ㹻пܴУ󷨵һսʹľѧ
ֻǣȻͨžȴЩɻ
Ϊ̤˵ʤʽȴû˵ʤб׼
֮٣У
⣬˵Ҫ˻ԣʤֱǾ֮٣ߴУν⣿
ѵ˵Ҫڣⳡɽϣ̬֮֮УϾ֮٣
У֮󣬸־ģûһߣ˭ûһоУ
ľУһʹó͹ϡСͷ𣿻˵һУֻƾ̤Լϲöѣ
̤Ŀһɨ˵ɲѲµ˵Ĺǡ
ٴο˵ܴҶб׼Щ飿ûϵ֮ӦԴԼϲСȡıȡ֮֡
ȡֱ̨սգܳΪ˽Խڳ޵ǿߣȻʸͼĸȨ
ʮλᣬԣǰߣԿɻһθͼĻᣬζ򡣡
ʣλᣬ֮˵ġıȡҲǲϲսսʤýѡ
֮٣ˢɽ졮񡯵ȵĵ¼¼ߣܻһθͼĻᣬлᣬʷֱһ¼߳֡
˵һָ󣬾ͤԶֱͨɽ۵һͱڣ뿴ɽۣ֮ΪصһطҲɽʮ֮ף¡
µʯʣʮ⣬⻬羵ҼӲ
ҪǣܣһʮӳڣʹΧʮ֮ڣ޷κεֻô
ҿԱµЩӡ±ϷЩӡûУǱ֮ǰһ֮Уǰʮߣµ߼¼
ָƣ˲֮ܶ⣬µʯ֮ϣ¶ӡָԽǰߣʤˢһ¼
޷õ£ֻܴԮߣߣȻˢ¼¼ʷԼͼĻᡣ
С£Ƕһܣбţ˵ͨʯǼʯ֮УҲһƿƣ׿顣
ϣҲžߣۣһ֣硣
֮ߣ˵ƽʱɿԽλĹ򣬵İߣֻжʮɣ
ھ֮ɽڣһС鸡ң֮£дСһʮ
ǱĿ£ϥþӰ֮£Щþ͵ͷ֮ϣȡʤ
Ƿﵽ׼ߴ¼¼ⶼһ˵ľǿйء
̫ýǲҪԣΪǱ㸡ң֪
˵΢΢һЦ˲ŵɫŵһУǺǡ
Ŀͤ϶ͣƬ̣һ٣ż˵ҲΪıȵһ֣òμ䶷Ҳˣһ׽ܽУȳƴ⡣
ǱǣǰһԼΪóܳڵĽƷܵµ׿ϣ䣬Ƶϡ
£֮˳֮ǰ˵֮֮⣬رһǣƺи֪֮ĵ
ǰ轣õ׿ϣ£Ȼֺն컨׹࡭
ʱ䣬أ鼰һǾǣĽУƷӦˡ
ļٵģ
һ£ȫЩˡ
ЩСڽˣ֪ţһֱΪǴ˵Ϊûš
Ϊ·Ĵʵ̫٣һΣʮǰ˳֮ǰ
ΪûۼʶȻţټԶﴫ˶ΪɺϣǱΣ졣
ʱ̤׿˵֪ȷ£ԾɽŽɣ
ǰ轣Ȼࣿ£
ЩΪڽû֮ǲţɻ
̤ΪһǿߣӦƭԼ
£һʮ֤һƭ̤٣¼ҲΪ˶ԣ˵ģӦòǼٻ
ֻǣ£
һ£Ҳһɺ棬ǵ·һ濿һɽ£һɫ
ϼȻСһӡָָۣɫȻǲͬƷָЩǳЩߵͲһǿȡ
̧ͷ࿴һС鸡ңࡣҲʮɴԼԼмۣӦʵǵߴ
һڶʮҵķΧɫΪޣӦǽʮ
ģ࣬ŷ紵ţЩ߲ԭģ
ϸ۲죬ϸķֲˡ
У
һ£ˡû뵽ɽᣬıԹأһ£ûʲôȤҲɵһԾԾԵ˼
£еԼ֮ǰνĵһˣݣֻͬ죬ǴȻĹ񹤡


521 
Ҳʯ֮ϵ쳣
˶ʱĬĿ⼱ת
Ȼ϶ԣַʽʽ֮һ֣ףҲѡ
û֪赻ʲôѧȤ˶ûκΰա
ֻʮϰĴ˵ôָ࣬Ϊ˵ͿҪ쵽¶࣬жѡ
ʣ֣;֮٣ԶԣҪðܶࡣ
Ȼð죬ס
ڳôˣܳƵ϶֮ģҲûж١
˾ϣޣӦӦֵܣ϶ռȥһ
ֵܶ壬ֻһˣҲˡ
ʣˣڳˣֻȥʣµ
֮١
򵥣ʵپž֮µļ¼ôƣ
ȻҲС¼ˡ
Ȼ˵ѣܿһԣֻԼسϡ
ֻһ˲䣬̤Ĵߴ£˾ȷԼĵһʽ
ȻһʽܲףԣַʽҲҪһԡ
㣬ܳɲܣǺõġ
Ʃһ֣˵һͨȭ¶࣬Ҳûпܡ
ʽ֮Уɲһ˵ʽжģ赵ķӦ

ȷԼķʽĿһҲȷԼķʽ
Ա˵ıĶûȤϾʱ䣬ʮೡ
ټϼĽʿޣϾʿޣеս򣬹Ƶʱ򶼻Ҫˡ
ԣĿ⣬ģǷǾ֮ϡ
ڴУʹƷûʲôգȥԡ
볢սһЩԼûȴЩһս
ڳˣȻڽһأҲ㶥֣ȼˣˣһЩӣȴӲ㡣
ȻûȤȥԡ
ԸΪˣá̤Ỷѧ⣬Ӷɡ
ϾȻֵûصúܺá
صٺãڽд˲֪Ĺһǿǰȴпܱ¶ϸ
ԣٳ֣ٳ֡
ա̤Ĺ涨ͼʮǰȴɱĶֳʤ
ˣһʼģǡ䶷
ĶҪѺ

ȷ˻ʤʽ֮ȻЩȲء
ǶⳡƼſʢеУҲжͼĿ
ৣ
̤Ըһ£ĳǹӣʹһϣ˳ͤǰһ޴Բΰʯ㳡
Ŀ⻷һۣʨĿǿͤеʮˣĿеսϹҲܿ
ֻ˵˫ǹŵӣǹۡԱףһλָ̣
Ⱥоôһ˲漴һм𣬡˫ǹţһѣǹۡԱףû˵
˵껰漴ৡһһ꣬·һŻӰΧȦݽ㳡ֶЦݾ㣬һСѣҲûɽժôͼֻսʤ㣬Щĸɨϰǰõģɣ
õҵţ
ǹԱһĻƢ꾮Ϲ㳡һǹ̡
Уȷһɶǹǹ֮ϻһһǹ̳ǹΣǹȴһ㣬𣬾Ȼ֮
ǹۡ鴫˵Ҳûױףǹһ伲磬籼׵뷨
ʽٱžһɽǰҲһǹ̴вѨڡ

͵һЩİ꾮㣬ȴֻһЦһΪһŰ׹⣬˿ȥ
ǹԱ׵ǹʱڿմ
֪ãһҪǹٴ̡
ڴʱǰӰһΣһĮһ˿𣺡Сȥɣ
˵꣬͸оԼеĽǹ֮ϣȻһѩ׵ƣһ̣ǹһأٶȻᣬһɴӿ
أأء
ǹԱƺһȻԵеĽǹ֮סһѪѾӿϺͷǶȻ߳һ˿Ѫ˿
ֻһˣ
ֹΧ֮ˣһƬȻĿͤеʮˣҲĿһЩؿʿһۡ
ַ
ãһ˾̾
ǹۡԱףܲʲô˫ǹڵݣҲǴһ˽ܣʿޣȡʮʤĳɼȲͤˣҲӹ֡
ǣһУͰ֮ǰû˵İʿ£˶ûпôġ
һ£˲ף䣬Ի䣬һۼũ꣬˵һһ֣Ҳκˡ
ϾֻǵһսԱ³֮֮࣬ͷ͵õ͵͵ģҲ³ս֮£һսܣ뿪Цס
Ϊھ̨֮ϳսһʱ䣬ͤǰƬС㳡罣Ӱǹݺᣬɳʯüңò֡


522 ɫϣ
Уӿֳš
һӣֽСනģʮǿ
һö߳ȴʩչһ׸ĽС޽Ȼôȴʮǿ
ˣ֮£߳ʮУֱɴ׾ڵϣʧܣȫһ̾
ٱ磬ժ¥߳һƺͨĽŮӡ
һϮ£һߵ㳡վûںΪܿͻʧ̨
ǣһ֣˲֪ССĴۣԼûͷ̨
Ʒ׽£ǰȴƯգƮ죬УȴԵֵ
գʤ˰˾֣һ֣ޱɽׯɵĽ£֧˳
නժ¥Ůӡ֮ǰͶɴ׾ޱɽׯһɣֻһ
Ϊף϶֮о
䶷к󳡣Ȧֵ֮ܳĸֶˣͤеЩſ̲סҲʼ
һģһòӢǴһааЦݵ꣬ûȴһɫ¹Ƥҡ
һװ磬룬Ҳϳݡ
һҡңѩаħ¡
ĳٶȺͿֲһƺǧ
ǧȻ˵һǧ˫֣˵˫ֵٶȣѣһ˲Էֻһǧֻƣһǧ
˹ǿȻֲʶ֮ˣ඼ˣûҲҲǰ١
ˣǧĳƺţһ˼
ħµһ˫֣Եֵñһǧ˫ֵļֲֵ
ˣħ³˲˷ܣǾ֣Ǿη塣
Էȴûи֪Լ˵ѹֻ΢΢һЦ˵ħ³սûԸӣһµģ
һû˳ûһ˻ش˶һƬĬ
ԭҵɽۣ֮ȴΪһ仰ؼž
գħ¸ûսֱժһͼĻᡣ
ԴˣҲΪ⣬ЦЦ߻ͤ¡
ԼսӦΣƺЩּɡ
Ҳɵ
ͼĻֲֻһΣھͷҪײЩСȥħԺľŴλᡣ
ħ»ͤӦӦܣʲãҲ֮
ֵܣҪռһû˲ģ
ͬĻӦͬļž
һ£̤ỶҲЩҲסˣٰɽᣬɲܵġ
˵ı飬Ҳ֪֮顣
ħ£ֵܣǴ˿ͤУһһ֡
ֻһǻһֶݣûȡ
ʮʱΪھǿǿײǿ϶ụá
ҲǵУβⳡսӺĽʿϣһۡ
ԣʹԸ̤ǲòΥĵ¶ֵܣҲһǹϲ
ԴˣҲֻЦЦмػһۣ߻ͤ¡
ΧˣǵȻЩߡ
һ뵽ֵһֵܣȴһ˳һһɲֹڶʵ޳ܣԼûʤ㣬ʱֲЩˡ
һ뵽ΪԼʹʵǿҲֻһռͼһʱȨȻ
ãͱʧͬʱʵȻˣͬʱҲֻܻһͼȨ
ԴˣֵȻҲ֪ҲΣȻʣ³һΣ˻᲻᲻˵ص̤ҲӦ
Ҳֻűˡ
ϳģһ£棬׿Ⱥġš˾ϡ
΢΢Ц崺磬΢Ц£ȴû˸Сʵ
գǲսʤȡ˵
ͤУ˶ĵˡ
Ǹһ£ɫ΢䣬͸ģ˼ŮӵľɫŮ
ޡޡ
˵ڳˣ˭ܴ䶷аεͷȻ˾ϣֵܣħ£һ
һˣȻ⡰ޡޡ
ģҲһҲǳ֮⣬ʣһ䶷
Ȼû뵽ǣǵĿ䵽ޡϣΪҲἴ³ʱȴû˿Ķɾ
Ҳû˿Ҫ³һ䶷뷨
ǣ
˳ˡ
³ȻҲҪհǰ˱ܣⲻϳôһ£
ѵͼĸʸ
Ӧòɣͼͨ˵ͨѨǴңŵӣҲѵһΣҲĶĶ
Ȼ޶ԣ
ĺ뷨˼
᲻Ҫȱ˶һų֣
һϳͳ֣ǱϣıˣǡǺܿˡ
˵ȴãȻһı飬̲סˡ
²˿£ָ̣
λ֮Уһɫ·ŮĿ⳯ͤһӣһ˲ȻȻ˵
¡ԭ
ѹҲпܶһ䶷˰ȻͤУҲͤ˶١
߻֮һ˿Ҳǲ˿һ֣µĴȻ׹û˲֪
״Ƭ֮ڣ߳һ֣㳡룬Ŀһ˵ȣָ̣ͩ
˵꣬νʣȴһɫӳȹһŮ
һһ֣ȵĴʦ㡣


523 ɫУ
׼޵뷨Ҫսǲսֲһֱȴȥֻг֡
ңôδһ³ç
Ϊ˴ʱҡڣжʱγ֣˵ܳô˻ᣬĸ
ǲ֮ǲǻǶõһռ˸Ȼ
ԭʵȻҪ䶷֮һѶȿɲС
˵ǳ֮Ҳ˵ֻ֮һʮ֮һĻᡣ
ڣȴɡ
Ͼ֮ˣħ£ӦӦֵܣټ˾ϣޣν䶷Ҳʣһ
һֹᣬʣУҲ֡
Щ֣ǻӱҪǣͤУ֮⣬аû֡
ὣšӺԣ¥£¥ӺɽĿӡǺӣϼɴʦģָԦҷɡɣȡ
ǵʵҲ͸ģָɽͬԣ£Ǻ˵һټɡɡ
˵ʤһɣ㳬ӡ
˻Ե˶޶ԣԣֻץסᡣ

˿õһޣСޡ
˱ƽʱ䣬Լƿʺɫ˿񷭷ɣʮ־
һս޾ͻΪҺȻҲһƷ
ƷҲѰֻһЩеƫϵĵӲõһ֮أȻǲ˿õóһޡҲѾೣˡ
ı֮ףͩҲǳˡ
ȺͲ˿ͬн߻֮һȻȵ˿ԵһЩͩɲһͨˡ
˵㣬С͸ġ֮ƣѧʲôǳ֮죬Ǳһ쵱֮ĵһӡ
һѽ
Ľֽģʺ쳾˽ȻҲһƷһƷеľƷͩһҪżȻõ
ĽУҲŹʣΪı֮һ
ʼɣ
˶ûзϻһ֮֡
޷һ˿
£䣬еĺɫޣȴһӰ·һߣһͩ䡣
ͩ˿¶ɫĽббһ٣߶ӭ
ꡢꡢꡭ
һ˲䣬ѾֶΣת۹ȥУۿ֣ţеĻޣѽ޷һ˿ʩչʮ˿֮ȻѰܶ֡
Ȼսеͩģ¾ȥδʽʹ֮ʱȻӳһƬӰ£Ȼæһˡ
˶ȻȴȻһЦִָһ˲УǱλεıһָ滹ƯһƬҶıɫ̵ѡ
ѣã
ɫ䣬ϳ˴һڣȴǳˡ
ȴʱͩյ֣ڴߣһ
ء
һ֮зɳϴܾͩеǹܱ֮ϣɫƺȥþӨ͸ָͩƼ䣬ͬһˮΡ
죬
ͩһЦԲסˣ㣡
ԷɳµȻһ⵱ڣͩһеĽѾµĲ֮ϡ
ã²ѹһЦǲʣȴûʧ˷ȡ
ˣͩúʵѽ˫ޣֻ֪㽣ˣȴȻͨܵòԩ
˵꣬һݣֱ˹㳡˻λ¡
ͩ״Ҳæһ֣ǫá

¼Ȱܣּͩڹ㳡ս
һһԺӻ򼣬ȡʤ
ڶԱɽͣʤһ֡
ͤ߳һˣϼɴʦ㡪λó¡ģʱʧܡ
ʵ̫󣬶¶˳ĽͶѣټսЩƣۣȻأⲻʧܵˡ
λó¡ģ佾ıǮ
Ϊϼɴʦ㣬Ϊɱ伸λʦãˣҪǿ̫ࡣ

Ҳûߵ
ָս;¥ӣɽսǿսʤǿ֮ĩ
ʱһֱûֵġὣšӺ߳
һνһӰıʱڿȦС
ὣţԣżһϹŽУɫָ̣
ĵı飬ʱأһѿ
ɫ
˵ı飬Ҳ漴죬м˴󻩣


524 ɫ£
ɫٶǰһλµĴ漶ʦĽ
˵ҪɴֽҪɼ֮飬Ҳǽľˮо鷽ɾ͡
һɣ˽ܵõظ˹עӵףȡ˸ˣ˻ƿ¡
ѹ֣˵һ˵ԾȻɫ֮ʱ˱ɫ
ͬʱҲˣΪʲôὣŵĵӣֱϣԽңˣһԾܳΪĶ֮һ
ԭйҴ֮֮
λó¡ɫʮأһ˿ѿ
ȻɫΣְɣ
룡
˶ԣڷз衣
Ѿȳ֡
Ѿսĳ֮ȥԼֻԽԽ۶Էͣ˶ţֻԽԽǿ
ϼһʽƳԣ
һһϼ֮ɫĹŽŶĺԳ˹ȥ֮Ƭ֮㳡֮ϣһƬ
ȻԸΪСˡ
˵꣬ǱӰıҲ֮ˡ
һͬԲؼ䣬ȻнϵԪ֮г⣬γһסĵĹ
⻹꣬һΪΪסĵĹָ֮ԴַֿĳȥһٽĻĴ㡣
֮Х˺ѣ嵽ǰֺ϶Ϊһ޴֮
ʱҪؽԾȣѾҲǷˣȭһƹȴȻһΣԭʧˡ
ϼɵľѧ֮һӰ١
Ȼ֮һĻˡ
ĵӰʧգɢ
ȻһʱܵĿռ䣬ȻһֵĲȻ½˳Ԫһ㡣
⣿
һ£ˣʼҲ⣬룬뵽ɫԣǲ˲Ȼ
ɫķ֮ܡ
ԼɫܼӳܵضԼ׽Ӷõա
ڵˣɫȴڶϾǵĸˣûϵӶԭܵʤó
սУƵƵǳʱԪȻɢʱͻ⣬ĺԣһһ赭дԲ磬ƺõصļӳ֣ԽսԽ£ӿɫ֮γɫɫһҰףʱ֪ԼˣҰܵûܲҡ
ʤˡ
սУԽԽܣⲻԼʵʵԼʵˣԪƺųԼһʵʮзӲ߳ɡ
Էȴӳɣʮʵܱʮɡ
⻹ô
գһʽ֮󣬸ɴ˱Ȧӣһ˵һ֮󣬾漴ûٿ꣬뿪㳡صͤС
ص֮ͤɫЩѿûд˱սʹʹʹˣҲû˵սȷơ
á
꣬ὣšӺҲ֪Լռ˽ıˣڨڨһЦû³ûλѴͽ̵ģ
˻ش
أĽڳˣȻ֣ȴûˣаĽ֮£һսʤ֮ϾϹŽ
ĬһֱĬͨսȻû³ϵͼĸȨں֮һ
Ԧңɡɣս
롪
ɫҲЩ
֪ԦҵĲԦ޵ӣʵˣһʵԦϣԦǿҲǿԦ
ҪǣһһޣǶһʹҲɫ֣಻Ҵ⡣
Ȼɡϳ֮ûԥֱӴͳһСӣߣһڡ
ͣ
һֻƱӵޣͨɫƤˮƺܷߣԾ䵽Уǵز˲زʾޱȵܡ
ԦҵԦޣ
һ˶ܺ档
ǴһţȻսɱǣϾû޲սӡ
ұ֮ΪʮеһԦңȻ䲻֮
ɡΪһΪ͵ӣԦޣȻҲܼ򵥡
èޣ˵٣ʮϡԸ߰׽ѣôõģ
졣
Ϊ˵è޵Ĵ
ޣ˵ǾβèƻֲͬޣӽֻڼϡٵʱҺѱҪ˵ΪԦޡ
ǳ֮ҲʮǿҲƽףҲ൱Ԫ
ɵĿܣ̽ףﵽѨļ
ǰͷèޣϢȻﵽ̽ϣ̽УҲͨ
ɫˡ
սʼ
ء
ɡһ֣è޶ʱһԾȻǰһݣһ󣬾ȻȻʧˡ
֮ܣͷè޾Ȼ
һ£ȫˣǾˣһΪɡɵһս


525 
˶עĺԺͷɡʤʤʸǶ١
˵ǺԣϾɫϹټ֮ǰĵʱ棬̾Ľޱȡ
Ҳ˵ǷɡɣϾһһһ޵ʵСԵĽȻվԵֵԵʵѹơ
սûн֮ǰ˭Ҳ˵˭
мȴԹۣûвĲֻĿضųϣ۲ǵһһʹõĵǳ֮ʱĶƫãԸ
ʱʵֻȡʤһؽԸ񣬰ãһ΢ʶпǷת

֮һĿⲻȻ˵ʵڣҲСǡ
¶Ӣۣç֮У಻֣Сһˣսδʼʤʱټɡ
ԹӢۣսܣģ֪
Ȼ᷸Ĵ
ϣɡѾ뺫սһ
һֻèޣһһңһǰһ󣬰졣֮èֻһУݣһӦٴ·硣
ɫȻ棬ÿһһйɡɡ
ɡҲǴˣ֪ƾʵԼ϶ǺԵĶ֣ԦʦȻҪһ˶Եɫһգè޾ͻ֣Ӻǣơ
èգͳǣơ
һԶʱ֧穣ɫǿΪҲ֣޹
һת˲䣬͹ȥ˰С
ۼУҲףȥԼܻܿʧܣΪԼʵˣΪԷа֡
ԣһҧһ֮󣬸ɴһ׼ȫԸɡˡ
ֻҪ˰ˣΪԦޣͷʮѲèޣȻҲ͵ʧܣսʤһ
ֻǣҲС˷ɡɵĽƻ
ΪһԦʦοûﳤνԦʦǿĵطҲСĵط
ԦʦָԦޣһԦʦ˹ԣпܷӲԦ޵ԣÿһԦʦһҪѧģԦޣǱԼ
ɡȻҲѧٱѧ
ҵġ컨һʮǿӱ֮䣬磬׷ԶԶ뱼׷Ϯܵ
ԣףԼ֮ʱ˷ҵķ컨ͬһƣںĴߣŹԶͬʱౣ֤úлѻԼ
һܱ֤ڲ֮أսԵĵĹ⣬ʤ߻Լ
ڳˣ뽩֣ĵĽ׶ΣҲԵĲĬĬΪĬһѣΪذܡ
ǣ˶С˷ɡɵĻǺһˣҲС˺ϹŽ
ɫûô򵥡
ڵİϣɡҪܹԵ׷ɱȻܳȻ;һͣȻ
ԣһȴȻǣ֮ɫһݺײȥ
һ̣顱һ죡
ɡɱβ׷ĺһ»У޴ĽɫõɶԶԶ׷ɿȥ;о³һѪ㳡֮⡣
վһЦص㳡ǰؿۣյҰˣҲΪǰʵ£Ľ¡
Ե˵ͷҲһңûжٵɫ
ɡ߳㳡߻ͤУܸԣȻЩʣƣ˾ǰˣĿҲ޷ϡ
е˼
ʵʵǽ
ȻҲʵһ֣ǣӵиıػĽȴ̫̬ˣһͬ׵Ľɡɾûܡ
мĿܣʤ
ǣӵĽǾĸԵɡɲҲӵԦޣǶһôԣʤܽ˭޷顣
һսԺԵٴսȻ֪Ѿĵò࣬ɫʵһ׵ߣ˭֪ŴŻ᲻ͻȻ̡
ԣ֮˻ûгս
ĸ֮ģȻ䵽һСµϣԼЩ⡣
ȴǴϲæһȭ֮󣬾ͻصͤУȲȴͼĻᡣ
Ҳһ
ĴһۣͤˣȻ֣Ѿսû˻ᣬʣģҲûзϡ
һ϶Ǵͤо
ΪֹûгֵģѾûмˣֻСޡޣ¥£ػҡĿӡǺӣԼڽУһµ
ˡ
һ϶֮о
˵Ŀ⣬Ͷעϡ
Ȼ˿ģУпܶɢ޵ӣޡޡ
Ȼһջ󣬳֮ǣȻûκζƺȫģû۾Ŀ
⡭
˶ʱɻˡ
ѵ治Ȥôܣ
ͼҮŵ˵лɢ޵˵ⲻȱٵĻԵ
ȻοɲΪ·ڸͤеķ磬ɽơ
ˡ
գһ̾Ϣ嵭ϥٵŮ˳
ܴǷȤשɣˣλԸһս
ŮӣǱˣʣ֮һ¥ʮУΨһһΪ¥߳ľǿߣҾޡ£


526 ֮
һ٣ҡ
ϹŹ٣ȴֻңǧָ꣬ġҸһ֮١
ȴųҾޣң
֮һţ¥ٵ൱Щ׷Ϲŵ˼ȻûлصٵʱʹõĹ֮ϣȴҲѰһңֻҡ
ڵҵãϳ䲢ҡ
ָȻͬΡ
µĴҲΪ֪
ˣҲ³ȫˣѻȸĿǺӣϴתȴ֪˭³
ޡ
˿Ҳûжһ˿Ҫֵļ񣬷·ںȻҲ޿κΡ
ٿ
ʳ꣬ʹֶθޱȣǧ򻯣˸òָȡһƺţС桱⼴ʱǱ䣬ޱġ
ԣ桱ڽʿõĻ
ڣѾ³ûзӦʣµˣֻǺˡ
һҪս
ǣһޱ飬ĿȻעµϣȴֻǶǵսȤȴû˿Ҫ³ӣ˿Ȥ
㡭ë
Ǵˣ˿еĺĽҪȴּޱȡ
ûлᣬлҪͷ
ôȴһ²ѣ߸߹ӡ
ѵݳ޵۽Ѿߵȫͼֵȼıˣ
ǣôܣ
˵ǲţ̤ȼĴڣޣ۾ж¶һ˿˼顣
ǡ
һĿƳʯڣ
С
޾þòգһЦͬһ£忡ѩ˿ʵòƷˣһ˫۾ȴʻҰɫԵʮӣʮ֮һػҵӣĿӡǺӣվ˳
ŮµĶվӵȻûԸϳҲֻ֮һˡ
ػңǺӣָ̣
¥£룡
ֳڣڳ֣۾Ŀػҵӣȴޱȣûһ˿ɵӡ
ʥ
Ưͬչ㳡֮ϣٺϥϣ׹⻷ƣʥɷ
˫΢̧Ŀע꣬ҷķָֺȴ˿ң磬ֱӳһࡣ

һ羪İǧѩХ֮ɱϢ
ǳ֮ˣǿ󣬶Ĥ类̴壬˺ʮվ
У׵İꡰĿӡȻܸΪ̣״һҡͷ¥֮һ濴ҡ
ˣҲùСˡݺ֮
䣬ˣȻĪһͬһ׹ڿһۣͱܹʥ
µĵڶٽѾٴιȻӰٴڿһۣһ֮ߣиû飬ٴܹ乥
µʥȻǿޱȣַԲȴű©ݳһ
ݺ֮һݷػҵϾѧܲŵһаƷֱ׷ͨƷ
벻Ȼϰ˴죬Դﵽ¯֮
ֹܵ˾̾һֱעһս̤۾Ҳ͵һ
ͬΪʮ֮һȻʮһҵĺ󱲵ӣ˽ǺӣȷǿػҵĲţȻҲˡ
ڽ֮ǰû̫ע⵽ϣңǺΪ˵͵Ҳֵ֣֪˲ࡣ
һ֪ǿ֮ز
ݺֳ֮ƶȥķشʮʮţΨһǾǶȥһ
һ̫Բ׽ʥֲͨǷԲһ棬ûֻǷΧչ鲻һǿȻ
ܿǷΧġ㡱ҲΧġλܴܹһɱ
֡㡱Χġλתָۣı任ϸģתط
Ҳ˵ֻҪûץסǧ֮һ˲䣬Ͳܴд
ڣǺˣôģֻǿ
뵽ˣ˶ҡͷš
ݺ֮Ȼǽ󶦶ļǣ¥ʥҲǲȽ׵Ĵڣų¥һɱ֮
;նɴ󱯵¥ѧ
Ǿ֮նɴ󱯵Ǽ֮ʥͬն
Ϊ¥һӵ£ʥȻƱܹܲ˻ƾ衣
ôܣ
ҲһţжԼٵѧĻɡ
ڴ֮ǰԼټ㹻ģΪʹУҲһս
û뵽ûֻ֣һǰĵӣȻҲ²̨
Ҳšʥʮ嫺ۡǧԲǣ
˫ּܣ¡¡Ϲϸǳǧأ֯ɶƶ䣬оȻаٷд
ʥеľʽ֮һ
ʥʮʥ֮һ˵һƬϹƺǧˣģ޿״
ʥһ³ģıƺֻǳΪϰڣƺΪ°ڡ
ƺΪɱѧ
ʥʮһǶİ꣬ҲܵѹڴʱȻһǶԻҰɫ˫Ŀ
ֻˣ۵۾ȻȻһ˿ǳâ
һ̣ৡһԾƺȻǧ֮һ֮䣬ܹµɱУһȥ
⣡
˴󾪣Ըе˼飬Ϊ֮һ£ǲŵؿһĻ
֪ʥʮĿɲǰ׶ãǿκβǺӣðһԣû뵽Ȼһ޹
̤ڴʱ۾ȴ͵һ䵽ǺǶԻҰɫ۾ϣ૵ͺһ䣺ۣ֮û뵽Ϲ֮һȻһ˿ػҵһϣѹܹµ
ۣ֮
ԣԣʱһ𣬽ǺӵĿ⣬ʱҲС֮ǰȺУ۵İꡣ
˿֪֮ܲʲôΪ޵е֮ӣûϹ۵Ĵ˵
ۣ֮һ֡

˵ۣ֮ࡢ׶ɫ
ɫĿۣ֮Ͽ죬̽Ȫܼ̽򱦲صĲ֮ء
ɫĿۣ֮ǵĴ̽㣬ڵϣܿ͸ԷʽеκйȻ
ֹˣܿѪﲻ㣬·ЩЩİˣܿһ
дۣµʥʮзӲһսذӣ
ȻսʮУǺ赭д磬㺹죬
գ֪սȥҲǱذɣһЦ£˶һۣʤˡ
á
ǺҲûʲô֮ɫƽһ񣬲ûԼõͼϲ
пͥǰ䡣
ľ
ҲɺһʣǺӣȷ䲻ֹ֮ݺ֮Լ֮ۡ


527 ʯս
գΪǺӵʤ䶷Ѿȷֱħ£ӦӦֵܣ˾ϣԣǺˡ
ʣ
ʣֻԺ;ʤˡ
Ǿıȡ֮٣Լ֮С
Ϊȷ֮мܳɹһûУԣ֮ٵѡεԾͺܴ
⣬Ϊˢ¼¼ѣ˵쾪֮ٵһ㶼Ǽ¼ˢߣһûУǾЦ
ټϴ֮ٸѣǼп㵰գ̤ĽǣȶΣȷ
磬֮һ˳ɹˢĳһ¼϶ǻѡ֮һ
ûУǾԭ¼˻ʤ
ЩʤģӸߵͣųǰ֮󣬿϶ûлᡣ
֮ǰȥɱڲĴ֮лʤߣΡ
磬֮Ϊ㣬ѡ֮ǰ壻֮Ϊһ֮ǰģ֮Ϊ֮ǰ
Դơ

ȷ˱Էͼ򵥶ˡ
ȣǾ֮ٵıȶ
̤Ỷк֮£˶뿪λȦȦڣͤУһͤһԼɣ׵ľӨʯ֮ǰ
⣬ɽһʤҲǽ󣬶ɱڡ
˾ĿĹˣܿ㷢֣ʯ֮ϣԼֳĴ
УϽλãԼ׵ĵطһС͹ĺɫҡͬһʯǶҲͼ߷Բ
ڸ·һƵƽ̨ƽ̨֮ϣذڷʮСһȵͨ
ЩеС廨룬Ĳһָ֮ƮƮеģȴɽＸɣһ޴Ű壬Ծ֪ضˣؽ

ֻһۣ˾ףǲʲôĵط
ҪԼľס䲻ʹκֶΣһֱ͵ʯ֮ϣǿɲһѡ
СɵĻãķѾޡ
ָǿģָֻ糤СذףٶҪﵽѨϵǿߣпܰ쵽
ҪŶѣҪ˵Ҫʵˡ
һأ־ڳˣ߶Ծо͸ˣˣʹڳѨӣƶû¡
ܶҡҡͷһأҲˣߵһ֮ǰǷڶƽ̨ǰϥ۾˾ȥӦϵ
˳ɹȻʧܡ
СȻ޷Զ̨϶˼£ȻһΡΡĴϷ𣬲һббʽϷȥ
ٶȻԽϣԽпƲסҪµΣգվǳɹؽзɶȥˡ
ԦŵӣŮɡɡ
˾
ĿһȻԼһƳСµģһĻŮӣ۾ݡ
Ȼ֮ıսʧܣὣŵӡһ֣֮ҲûκˣС
Ͼ뺫һսȻսܣǣܵòԩ
ҪǶԷĵ̫ǿˡɫϹŴУǼ򵥡ܵĪսټԦè޵ǿ󣬶ûбֳ
һУȴûмˣܺˡ
ϾԦ֮ǽƣԽǿˣܿƵԦԽǿҲԽԼԦָָͨ顣
̫ˣûа취ԦһģҲǷңΪʲôܳΪһԦңΪǼ壬ڳˣңרŵľ
ˣɡ˲֣ѾڣܲƼ¼ߣȡʲôΡ

˷ɡɣ⼸Ҳƽ̨ǰɹ޼ܳɹ𣬵ǣҲûһܱȵϷɡɣ˲ҡͷûٶע
ǵĿ⣬صɱڵвһ޴沼ӿݵĺۼһȫǸִССӡָӡӡεΪ׳ۡ
ЩӡָӡӡɫͬСҲμб
ЩۼӡǶʯڲĵ·¶˳ۼȻ
Щȴǳ粻˿һͨӡ֪ȫӡƱ˻ϲ
Щӡ·һִиӡǿ϶Ҳǵ׵ġ
Ȼиˣ㾡ȫһɱϣӡȻҲûڵ˼סЩһģѾǶˡ
һ϶ʯڣֻʯڶ٣ȫԼΪˡ


528 ָ
ƣҿ쿴ǿΪʯĴˡ
Ŀ˾̾עһ޴֮ϡ
Ǳ˵һ󣬿ֱӡʯ֮У鶹ʹȥʮϰ꣬ð˿˿֮类ա
ܵʯ棬ҲʳһЩͽ֮ɫ
ʯĴ磬͵ڰߡ
̤Ỷ˵˴ʯһ磬ǿߣİٶǿһˣҲֻʯһ߲ʯĴ磬Ѿһ֮ˡ
Ȼּ֣ʮ꣬һţ϶ʯ磬߰˴磬һˡ
״Ա߲Թɫ̤Ỷ΢΢һЦΪ˽ûĿ棬ȷһʮǰ֡ذµӡһƣǱ޵˾֮ơ
ذɣԭǾѹˡ
ꡰ̤ỶĻһȻΪʲôһӡʯ֮꣬治ɢΪƵ
Ϊǰλͬڵħ£ӦӦһй֮
һӡҲˡ
̤ỶһָذԱߣһɢŵ֮ƺϸڵСƣڵǵ꣬䲢У˳ơŮϾġѾʯĴ֣֮ذɻʢһ䶯һʱΪڡ
ţ
Ŀһϰǰµһ
ذɣϾƺͱѾ䶯µ֣д˺ۼڣҲ֡
ӡ
˲ٹעЩֱѯʡ
˶ʱҲ¶֮ɫ
Ȼྪž֮ÿʮ꣬мǿ֣߳ذɺϾµӡԱߣмӡ۲ڣӡ
ȻҲһš
ǣɽᣬڶӿ֣̫ˣҲͲֵǮ
ԣҲΪӹţûôעĿǶԱȶȵԭ
ԣİ꣬ʮ죬ɽᣬһǿߣ˭ֵ˹עĿꡣ
ԣ̤Ỷ¶˽ɫ
ǿһ죬ǿһˣǱһʮ꣬֡պָָ
뿴
һָӡָӡӡϷͬ٣ĮȻ·ӡָӡһ׵ĿֲϸӡϷ©
ָպã
˷׷׾ɷ׷˳ָָ̤ȥǸϸĿֲʱ漴ɵһ
ųƼ᲻ɴݵʯڣڴָָ֮£Ȼ·ûκ谭ֱָȥֱþһ߶ʱ谭
գγһİ꽭֮ɱֲһһ
Ȼܶ˶֪ӡΪȣϣָƼǿǣʹڶһָӡɱָָ֮ǳ˽֮һ
ֻа˴
ӡٶǰһλǿʯߴεΪ˵
ԭǡպã벻ҲμӹʯڵսǾѹˡ
̨ͬ׼ʹͬһʱգʮհԴ˼֤ǰǿߵĲ࣬޺ˡ
ָ˵ǡպԴǱʮʽУԡաΪӡǵһУµġԼż˼Σÿһγֶ䶯¡
Ҽǵ˵һΣºһָկˮկλѨկһָᴩһڣսΪصĶ˷׷׽кá
ӡȻҵȾ
һһ䣬ȫǷĵ𾴡Ȼպ֣Ȼֻڽȶʮ꣬ȴԶһЩǿߣ𾴣ķ
վȺ󷽣ɢµĳڵס۾
Ŀ⣬Ҳ˳˾̾ɱвλãİǿߣʯ֮µģǿҲһָӡ
ʹȥʮָ꣬Уƺȼһֻͻʹգҫ۾ӿûκһӡָӡ֮ȡ
⣬ǡպõʵ⻹ֻʮǰʱֹȥôãʵڵ׵ʲôزˣ
΢ȴûɥʧ־
ǡǡ෴Ϊպõ쳣ǿ󣬷ĺʤġ
һΣе뿴һǸֹ꣬ڽ죬޵磬ǴʣΪ˵жǿǷôսʤ
ԼʦµǱ¡ֵǷйأ
ףĹȣձѩ˵ĸףǸصϸ˵һУһ˸ĲҰһУǴΪΪʵ


529 ⽣⣨һ
׿һ˼ڽӴʵ֮ǰκۡ
תͷʯҲࡣ
·ûʲô⣬ʮɸߴʼԼԼʮ̲һĺۡ
ЩĲʱЩƽȣԳֱʱʮִݣЩȴǴæһʻӾͶɣ֦бֲ棬ҽ϶̣ѿòС
ֻҪܵ߶ȣºۼɼڳɼߵͣȫԼˡ
һ߶ԼڶʮҴ
Ŀһ
⣬֮ˡ
ѷ֣ΪϾ֮ھǿжؾʹüɵˣȽռţԦҵӣŮɡɡ
м䣬ǴʣˣнϴƣӦӦܣӦڴС
ϧѾһԲܲμӽıԡ
֮ǰʧߣԼμһֵıԣɡɣȻ䶷սܣ⾪֮ϣܱܿһ
ҲȻ£ȦУȻҲ֣գܳɹʮģֻ°˾ųɶǴ˿֮ͤˡ
ȫǣҲ޿ܡ
ȥħ£ӦӦܵȣ⼸λѾˡͤʣѾûж٣ǳɹļȻȽϸߡ
ڵĿ򡭡һصʯ̨
ʯ̨Щͷˣɣ߲صΧȴݲ·졣
꣬ƽ⻬羵
ʯ̨һεԲȦҪ²ˣҪվʯ̨ԲȦ֮Լȭѧ
ֻҪ϶²䣬ʤ
ֻѶȣȴժȡѣȫʵûʲôĵط
գ̤һʼ֮˶ɢ±֮£Լĳƾʵ봿һµ⣬˶׷׳֡
ÿһԵص㣬ΪٵĲߡ
ɨһۻǷ֣ʯ֮µ࣬ﵽɣ£Լɣھ£٣ֻɲҲһɶ࣬ʮˡ
˸ʩֶΣƾϣһǧţһͼ֮
϶дʧϾʣ࣬Ҳֻһ֣ÿֳܷһ㲻
οĴУҲܵˣأ˭Ҳ˵׼顣
ûԭضͣĿһ֮ľ¡
۹ͼžԼපצΪ˴涨ʹԽųපצǿҲƷȡʤʮǿ
ԣų
棬ӰǷֹ⻯ӰսãܵУͶ;Ϯѹ£ʸߵ£ô
ԣֻʣһ⣬Ҳаյһ
ǾǾƴ
ľڳˣ˾ӡ쳣ǿ󣬺ѧϰˡ䡷еŵͽ׾طˮԼӳ·ǡ
ټʶУþĥһӰõӰĴ̼ȳ˶һ죬ԣ⾫һʮġ
ȻԲܴ⡣
ڶ࣬ӢűֹԼһ
֮ǰһֱɽ¶ˮὣӣȻܻϹŽɫĴУǶ컯ټħ£ӦӦܣ˾ϵȣһԲС
΢⣬пʧܡ
ϥƽ̨ǰ۾飬ѾӾбƳ֪ǰһ
ʼʱһãģǰһЩģΣãڸ֪ǰһӵƽ̨ɢϢ
Ǹƽ̨
һϲ串ǹȥܿ죬ҰСͿʮһεؾǱõˡ
ЩɢϢͬЩɽЩȴԵࡣ
Ȼǿ㾫ǿʱˡ
̰ͼˣ򵥣ѡȡ̵Ȼ˽ʯ̨ɹɼȴжá
ѡ֮ҪὫͷʯ̨ǰ̫ྫʱʱȥ˵̫޷ʣµҲ͵ʧˡ
ԣȶҪؿ֮һ
ľͬһɨƽ̨ϵĸĬĬظеûһһ£ͼæþȥ屦ʼˡ
ϸϸȥǵӣԼ֮϶ȣ˰յʱ֣ڱ˶˽ϰյʱŴֲѡһ
һɡѡǰѣҪԼһҲǿĳң̨ϣڡϡ֮С
ûȥǼѽ
ףʹԼľǿ԰ᶯǰǼѽǣҲѽ͵ͷʯ̨֮ϣĿܣǸ͵һ룬ͷ־ãµʯ̨
Ȼβ
ȻǾĹ࣬ԭܰᶯеȵģڿĩȵĶѣټʱ䲻׼ʧܵĿԴ
ѡϡѾԽڳˣңоȫУԼľϡ
ԥΪһ⣬˲ûźɫĽ֮У·Ϊһ塣
ˣ
һ̣米ɽǿ֧£ҧǻζŬʹƽ̨ȻأλƣһһسϿյʯ̨ȥ



530 ⽣⣨
һ磬磬硭
źɫգԽϣԽ
ʵ壬ȫƾ֧ŵβ׹£Һֿ죬ѸټӴ˾ע룬űȶ
һĴӡ
ҺԣŸտʼһһ룬ֻӿ£Ծģཫǳɱ
˲䣬ԭоײͷ߳˶ĺ顣
亹ꡣ
ĳߵľ룬㻨һ̶ӣģѾﵽһµֻ֣½ӽоİٷ֮һ
ȥûƽ̨Ʊؾͽľ׹䣬սʧܡ
⡭
ԺУͷת˼Բߡ
ͬʱ֪ԼСѶȣѡһЩڡ
ʱˣֻҧأ͡
ͬʱĬˮ編ԺһˮģȻֲɣþõػָ
ˣȶʮ׵ĸ߿ա

ԼǱˣȻȴ֪صһգҵ˸߿ʮҵķΧҿԶûеߵĵز
һ˿Χƽ̨ΧģȴˣΪһСϸոռףͶ谭͸֧֧ţ׹ʧܡ
£ˣһɫ԰ףԸӣ֪Լǲܳɹˡ
ЩСƮڰգԻᶨؽŲߵĽԸӣֺһ˿ʡ
ס
ȻȺз
˱Ŀ˽֮ǰֻ֪ʱһģԦҵĵӷɡɣһŷִȻ
ʱĹȥڰУܺͷɡ͵ǱɫСᲢ۵ģһȻɫŽ
ǰС󣬸صģһźɫ
źɫȻ𲽽·ٶȣȴ٣Ѷӣ׷ϡ
˭Ȼ޾ԦŵӷɡһˣԶԶ̶ȣƺǿһֹ
˾
֪ϣܶ˵ľάһͨˮƽ볬Խ󲿷ˣҪôоҪô츳
ɡɣΪԦҵӣвľ츳мŴľľȻҪͬεҪǿࡣ
˵ڳУбġ
ȻѲһ˵ûУػҵµӣĿӡǺӡ
ػԦ֮ͬĳЩ̶ԦֻܶɽҰ޲ãػ꣬ȴ˶ܲݣɡɣǺԸǿһ
Ѿսʤȴμ⾫һս
Դʱվʯǰ̤͡ỶѾʤħ£ӦӦܵȣһս
ڳˣɡᲢۣʤģʮֺƵϡˡ
ѹ˾棬вš
ǵĿĹˣƽ̨Χɱ۲սڶѲܿ죬ЩڲͬĿꡣ
Īǣǣ
ˣһһ£ɢͷԵЩ信ŵ״̬
һһЩİ֮꣬ǰ䶷սҲֹսʤ˫ǹŵġǹۡԱףԳݾ㡣
˿̣ΧǿýģܸܵΧǿľŤߣģ˸й٣ɾ档
ֻǲ֪˭ƳȻС˭ʤɡɣƵĹź
˷׷ײ²⣬ܸۡ
ֻܵȵۣ󳾰䶨֪

ܾߵսΣڶ֣Ҳ׷չ˽
ʯǰࡣ
ž
һͭɫƤĴ³꣬ȻԲ˫ۣǣ״Ȼ󡰺һƻ
ɽɶ
ɫˣǰȻ⿴ǧһƣ䵽ǰʯ֮ϣȴⷴȻԸǿҵ̬³費һҽУⰵ˻һԣأԶֹͣ
ʯ֮ϣ⻬羵һۼû£·ղŸûз⾪춯صһƣڽԻȻ
󷽣̤ỶһĻǳ˳˿ǱԼܴصĴ³꣬ϧ֮ɫĿ⵭ȻһƳǴ³꣬ŵȻڵʯڲͬʹκε򣬱λСһĽ
ԣע⣬ˣν֮ȱ֮ʯºۼĲǵǴԵ⣬ɵͬЧ
ܶõʯڣ˵İ꣬ʮͻһ
ԭˣ
ŻȻһǹͭɫƤĴ³꣬ΪçײеЦͬʱҲɰľ
ٿǰʯʱɫ֣ࡣ
ɣ
ڣһ߳һЦݣһֵ֮ġ¥ӣӺɽ
ߵʯ֮ǰҲż֣ϸؿ˼ָۣã䷢ġϡ֮
ɫһȻһ֣վ繭õȴǷȻ顱Ȼһػ
һƬҷХһ̣ˡʯ֮ϣ˶ӡһķӡ
ʹӺɽƿ滹˿˿֮ɢ
ʯߣŵһ
һ˱ȣһƬ


531 ⽣⣨
ߣսУѾһǳĳɼˡ
ֻһʮǰһǿӣذɣáơµӡҲĴ磻һĵһ֣ŮϾԼĶžѧѾҲʹﵽĴ塣
ֱȺɽ߶ֺͰ˷֡
ذɺϾһǿߡ
ɽһУǰʮŲϣȴѾµĳɼ
ɼȻʮ־ˡ
֮ǰʹõ³ç꣬ĳɼҪҫۣĿ࣬ȻñһƬ̾

ֵľƣȻͬΣ
ҵξҲľѷɫ
һ߳ʯǰ
ȻҲȻһƣȣ
ֻ䣬͵޷Ȼûжõ˾˵֮
׶ʱǺ죬ͬѪһ㡣
˾ȻһҲһЩɾ͵ǿߡ
һ£ͷֻëԵӢˬ
ǧɱָ
飡
һ죬һָ̣߿ϵĺ쳱ˣ˲ָֻԭƽޱȵı顣
һȥָ΢ԣ
ʯţԽɽ½һ

ٴ¶һƬȻһƬĽɫµꡣ
ɽϵĵ֮ɫûбֶãѸȥɫ
ղŻ˵ɼϾͳһ˴ҳ֣ⲻǴǸʲô
Ҳ֪˼ҵʵȷ֮ϣ¥Ȼǽ¥֮һ˼Ҹǽ֮ĴݣλԼ֮ϡ
дʵҲ֣ʵ顣
ԣɽɫȻѿҲûж˵ʲôֻǵͷ˳һĿ˸֪Щʲô

֣ڹιô˵˹һ˲㣬һһ¡ƣֻ˵ϣ˵㣬Σһܶľʯʱǡ
һ߳ȴһڽꡣ
΢ɽׯһɡ
ָ
һȣվʯ֮һۣһɫָһСһתɳ顱һǰʯ֮ϡ
ݽɫһ죬ǿѹĿڷڵѪ˺һڴǰߡ
ʯģŵ
İ
ԣɫЩѿ֪Ѿܴﵽļޡ
زǽָ״ȵԭ򣬷򣬻һƷֻĶ򲻳ܵ磬㲻
ĬȻ£֪ƾԼʱĳɼֻͼûʲôϵˡ
˵ھֻڵŵһֻҲ
Ͼлôû֡
ʵ㣬Ŀ֮£˭Ҳû٣ˣҲֲñˡ
̤ǿǰҲû˭£򲻽Լ壬ŵ棬Ҳᶪһɶ
һЩǣȻʣҲֻ£һͣ˲ѵ顣
ԺŬˡ
ʿޣδؾûλá
󣬳ˣֲǰսɼ롣
ܶˣȫһȭʯһӡ£˺Ц³
ʵǿһģһָӡ㲻
Ȼ󲿷ˣˡ
ĳһ̣һϼ£˵Ůӣƽޱȵ߳ʯǰֱ̧ۣһ·ûɫʵӡ
飡
һ죬ǰʯڣͬһȥǸŮ߻ƣ߻Ⱥǲȵߵӡǰ̽һ£ʱȡ
ʯĴһ

ֹȫˣ֮ǰ¹׳ɼĺɽָݽȣҲһ۹⣬λŮӡ
ԷǶ˽ʱʱȫһǲš
ȻϼɵĴʦ㣬λó¡ģ
λһŮˣһ飬ǣȴòɷڴһ̣վǷ·ǧâ֮У۾
ϼɵϼƣ
Զ̤¿ֶۣ΢˪׷˸еأվŵıӰȴɽһߴ
Ŀ⣬Ʊգ⣬з飬Ӳ۾
λŮһʱ۾Ҳ΢΢һ˲һһ
һӣϧϼɲܷ뿪

ϳǣڣҲûˣܳԽģָɽˣǱһأĿǰݶǰĵˡ
սҲֳʤ
һʮӣۼǿ黮кߵʯ·ȷĲʹõֻ֮Լѵһһ
ȻԽϣԽ࣬һЩֲסˣֻ˼ˤ˸ΰ䡣
˶ʱѶȣǣǻˣһسʹõԴ֮ϵıܣȴǱȳøߣԶ
Ŀǰǰλģֱǣɡ׾ȡͩ¥¡
У׾ǿʣڵһһģǡȡͩԼ¥¡
˵ʵӹɣϣȲһšԪ󷨡һҲԶͿ˭ָܼãָԶˡ
ʱһһֹȥ
ڣȡͩһͣ½Ų㺹ꡣ
̧ͷһԽԽߵˣ۾¶˿ġ
һ£оȫ˺һʹգֻΣҧеһʣǰʯϻһ
˲߶ȣմ𰸡
ȣͩĿǰɼʮɣ
ֻô
ʮɣλõĶʮɣвСľ룬ƱǵһݣҲŲȥҲǰʮ
Ϳʣˡ
ʯ֮ϣһµɵ׾ҧҪ
ŴڵľԪ󷨣Ȼǿ²٣û뵽¥ӣϾܽͤʮ֮һǵУ
ٵϣųĿֲʵһ༫Ǿ
¥һžСӰѰͬŹЩƷһѧڻǽ
֮ͬǣŹҪǿ󣬸ö࣬һӰ
Ҳ˵һʩչֹԼ壬ֱþͺûκһ㣬ʮ׵ؾֱʯϣ䡣
Ȼڴʯ֮£ʹõӰеһЩ⼼ɣȴʹϣŲ׾ٵٶȣ
ۿѾﵽʯڸ߶ȴԼʮ߰ҵĵطʹУҲһˡ
˵ΣȻûл
ǣָ߶ȣ׾Ͼеʹڴʱ༣;ƿˣֻǿڳԸ䳬ҧֶѡ
Ҳֲ˶ˡ
ȻٹƬ̣ڵʯԼʮɸߴʱ׾ƣҲץס⻬±ڣһֱ׹¡
ʱʾˣΣƣϰΣΪĸۡ
µӰȴ𣬿Լϡ
Ȼǲʣ»˲䣬ץסᣬ˲ͳʣԼڵĵطҴһһʣȻڵ׹䣬ǧ֮һ˲䣬ݺݵҵڵϣҳһ޴ĿӶ
̳ɢ
ճɼɵ׾ʮ壬ʱʯ֮ϣѾֻʣһˣ
Ŀ䵽ϣ˶棬գܵʲôزʮһˣ٣


532 ⽣⣨ģ
ֹȥյʱ䡣
ڣҲоѹʼ䡣
ټƬ̧̣ͷ˿ͷԼɴֵĺߣ̾˿
ֻôҲֻˡ
һʵ˴Լҵľ룬֪ѾԼļޣԼӰپԼᣬڲʹõ£Ҳ޷ʵһĸ߶ˡ
ָ׼õĺͷϷһգʩչӰɵػʯڣ֮׾ȻҰֱĽҪǿöࡣ
ϾȥѣȴҪ׵öֻ࣬Ҫ׾ֱʧˤ䣬ʸұ»Լ򵥵ġ
ʮɣ
գɼȻô⣬ǣȫѾһƬȻ
ѾһԳˡ
ıȵֻͩﵽʮɸҵľ롣
ʹ幦ɵ׾Ҳͼֵʮľ룬µĶʮɣ塣
壬ƽϣȻʲô롣
ʯϣԽϣһѹһĵط˵壬֮𣬸һ
˵һ죬ǿУɼҲڵһݣһСȺˡ
ǰ塣
Ѿһǳŵĳɼˡ
ս¥£еһ
ڶɵ׾ɼʮ塣
ȵͩɼʮɣ
˲ȡ
ǣʹĵˣҲǰ˲̫࣬ûıҪ˸ûйע
һͷսʯ֮¡
Ѿˣ⣬׵ĵӿ϶ܳΪͼ֮һ
ǣ漸λǲҲܽУҪһսĳɼˡ
ԣ˵Ŀ⣬ת˹ȥǾսʯ֮¡
еڶļˣûʧ
쾫սѣʵһݣֻ֪꣬Σ
Ԧҵӷɡڣһ죬Ӧò̫ʧɡֻǲ֪ûʲôɫĵӣУǲˡ
˲뾫ս˴ʣȥԼ
Ҳˣ֪Լȫϣֲ´ǰȻгʵı֣Ͼûгɹˢ¼¼
ԣǻǶһͦڴģȻϣðˡ
һʱ˲ȫһף¶졣

ôʱ䣬սʯ£ˣѾʧˡ
ڼ֣ҿƼпܽɹ͵ͷʯ̨ģ˶ѡ
УˣѡĶ򵥣ľٵģֻ廨Сġ
С治С뽣
ԣЩ˵Ҳڼ֣ǣ˵Ŀ⣬ûзϣѡӡ
ܹɹ״͵ͷʯ̨֮ϣҲܻøʸ񣬲⾫սμӾսĵУҲ׵ġ
ˣƽЦ
֮⣬ˣе⣬Ҳ˲һһ׵ԭ
Ϊټ򵥲廨ıûһͨġ
һҲжָڿлλƣͬ˾һϸȻѣϾȥ
ĺȻǿУҲˡ
̤Ŀ΢һЩȤĿ⳯ƽ̨·ɻڱĿȥ뿴˭ڼԦ
ˣֱһӹȻóԷܵľ񲨶ж϶ǼԦͨļһֵһᡣ
ţ
գĿ⣬һλɫ·һɫʹˣŮϡ
˿ӣ¡
Ǿѹˡ
˿˿ν˿֮Ǹڣϰ֮
ѧ޷һ˿˿˿Ķ˿һֱʮ˿ٶ˿ǧ˿˿ı仯
ν˿ϰ֮ʱҪһ˿ϰֱһ˿ϰޣ޿ײ롣
ϰڿͬʱҲҪ󼫸ߡ
ԣ˿ӣʵô۾ǿڽ߻¥ʮУҲǳ͵ġ
ʹȲԦңػľ壬Ҳǰ֮С
£츳ͣȻջ޷ľ壬˵Ѿ޷ٶ˿ľ硣
ɾͣȻǾ˵ġ
ܿĺҲͲ⡣
˭ȻɡɲУг
Ŀһ̤Ŀ⣬ϿգѾʮɣһڲߵϡ
ʣ߱УȺĿ֮Ϊ׵Ĳ˿£ҲΪģ⵹ССľһ¡
һ߹ź죬һ߳Ȼƣһ߰
ֻĲʵϿѾֻγһСڵ㣬ҫۣ˶Ŀ
Ϊϳƽ̨ڶ֮Уеŷֱǣţʮʮߣ
ţʮʮߣţʹ̨ڶУλе֮
ԽϣԽߣԽأԽҲ˵Խѡ


533 ⽣⣨壩
ƽ̨ϣһ˶ʮһ
ʮһÿһһֱʮһΪ
㲻죬Ҳʲôˡ
ʮһϡ
ʮߣ춥֮ˮ׼ˡ
Ҳѹ˾ȺͳԾ
˭ѵԦҵķɡɣ
ǲӦðʹֻҲԴﵽ̶ȡ
˿϶ỳɣǸˣҲš
սݣ߳ɼǽӽһҵĳ̶ȣսݣ߳ɼǶʮɾ롣
⾫սݣһ߳ɼ
ǳɼǡǡʮߺҲڰ˵Ǳźɫ
ǿߣҲûˣͳʮߺźıͷʯ̨ıǰӣװ棬Ǵ˵
˵ʮߣѾ߼¼޹ֺ˾
ݣûгƼ¼ߡʹʮߣҲֻ׷ƽ¼Ҳ˲õĴˡһɹ϶һĽһ󳱡
ܲע
ˣĿӣĽʣһ˿ڴ
ˣܳɹ𣿡
һɹһĽ󣬼ʹں꣬Ҳ֡
ʹЩ֣ûأ˵ȥǿ̨ͬҲһҫһ̸ʡ
ԣ̤ĿҲ̨ˣɡɣ㣬Ŀ˸֪Щʲô

ƽ̨¡
źʮ߰ҵľʱͷѾɱ⣬ٴܲĺ飬亹ꡣ
ܵ˳
ָ߶ȣľѾʮ֮ʣ£вӽһҵľ롣
֮ǰվԶңʱ򣬸оײָ֮࣬ڣ˵ףһһ磬쳣ѣԽϣĵľǱ
ټϾԶԾĿƣҲԽѡ
ԣģܽ͵ʮɣƾ͵ޡ
ʱ߶׹Ҳûо֧ţҲʧܡ
һʧܣѾĵһɶ㻹ʱ䣬һΣҲˡ
ԣܰܣ
ҧȻЩԼѡȡһ֮¼пʧܡ
ԼͣʹΣĹͷԲԸ˼ת˼Ӧ֮ߡ
ǿߣҪô츳ҪôǾĳ־ط
츳̸ϣطҲУͨɫӳ·ˮǡ䡷иӵĸлķţǶĶ
֮ǰãȷаǱˮнԹǰѹء

ļ䣬ǧɽӣ˼̬׷ӹȻһ绮Ȼ뵽ʲô
ҲһֿܣǱǾǿߣҲп̼ܺͯʱʲôұŰ¾죬쳣ǿ󣬳ˡ
ûа취ıҵĹȥǣҪ̼һġ
뵽ˣȻ뵽һֱ̾Լʶ֮еķӰԼѾ˫۵ľӡ
뵽
ʶԼľʶ֮УܵģһתɫĻΧϹι棬Ȼγ˷âͬһۡ
ô꣬ӰڽһΣʼһС̬ȥתˡ
ǿܿӰҿֻĬĬĻһΣȴȻһҧһײһ󲨾˲ͰɫķӰ
˲䡣
໣
ͬǧ̹ȫĲҽУ˲䱻ǧٿףдġ
ʹܴʱİٱ
Ͼܴʹ񾭵ӳ٣һܵʹʹܳܵļޣ˾ͻԶʹȥơ
ޱȴʹ˵ʶһܵǳܵʹֱӴԺƶƲˡ
ԣԹǿߣ幥ԼвУܵƣҲܺܿ츴ԭ
Ǿ棬һܵش׳ղ˵ûҲĺ֢ҩʯЧ
ƣǻһӵġ
ԣŻϡ٣
һЩ޸ƵҩرŻ
ϾԼƣټˮ͹ӳ·µ֢Ҳָ໨һʱѣԲġ
ЧҲˡ
ھײӰ֮ϵͬʱΪʹ˲䱬ըͬһƣȻš
ӳڹź֮ϵľ˲һǣźܼͬಡһ˲ɸľ롣
ʶеľ˥䣬ָֽƽӳڹźϵľһ䣬ԭеľȻƲס½¡
ͣ
ڴʱһΣǿʹ׼Ӱײ˹ȥ
䣡
ͬһ쫷ʶбһ˲ͨѪЩˡ
£ʶеľٴαǣźٴһֳԾ硣
ֻϢͿԽһҵľ롣
⡭
ųʹÿϢҪһξײ߶ź
УȴޱȲ˼һ£̾Ըӡ
ôܣ
ԭ۾УǷɡǱʯ̨
ΣǾĳȻƹŽ
󣬲ƵǱź
ڣ̶Ƭ̼䣬ƵǱĹźȻӽ˾ƵĳȻƹŽɡɿƵǱ׷ȥ
ٹϢ䡣
ڣৣ
źϿյһϸ΢ĺӰԾڳ׳˾㣬ɡƵǱҲ߰˳ҵľ롣
룬ڲ̡

սĹУûϸʱƣֻľǿԼԾĿܽʯ̨С
˭˭ǾʤŶε롣
˵ûʱƣһֱȥ
Ͼÿ˵ľ޵ģһĵٶֻޱȣûлһΡ
ԣڴ֮ǰı󶯣ûȥ飬ΪǸʱ䣬ֻȷԼսľؼǶ١
ڣΪ͹ʯڶԾӰ죬һ;Уľʹ󳬳ѾҪʧܵıԵ
⵱ڣþӰײΧĽâ̼İ취
ԣÿһζײƵĹźһأһ̶յ蹦ƵĹźͳԽ˾㣬׷ƽ˷ɡɡ
ٹƬ̣ڣɡɵҲ˦¡
һһʮֹ죬Ϻµķʽᶨٵسʯ̨ͦ
֮ӦǣľҲֶײУٵţԭְܼʱľڵܼһӾ㲻ס
ңԽǶײɢþԽԡ
󣬾ըһ̵ѲԽϵ磬ΪԽԽըҲԽС
ڣÿһΣཫϵĴ磬͵ޡ
룬ڲ̡
ʹ취ź͵߿նʮ߰ɣҲԵİ׾롣
Ϊһɣ
һףԼʮҡ
ɣȴĺ蹵ǵ뵽취˾ͻľʱһŬҲɢ׷ѹ
깦
һݣжʮҵľʱ깦зԺУģˮ𵴵״
ԭһƽĺˮȻΪӰĶײżбɽХǣʵʣϾƽġ
ڣȴþڶ⣬ϼһĲơ
ͬʱవ˾ӡ׷֮һϸС׵磬ʶв˷εΪ׳ۡ
ʶܴ̼һµľϲֲųĿֲʹʹȴ˶֧Źź
ʮɡ
ʮɡ
ʮɡ
Ｋˡ

ޣͻƵġ
䣡
һˣȫ£оĵһһ˿һŹѹեøɸɾ
ȫһоͬʱը췣֮ףӰ깦ȫڻһ𣬵ľʶͬһ籩
ԺһֱʣͬʱľȴԿֲ̬ƣϯʶؽԻ١
ʣľͬһֱʵƺһľ޴磬Ǳźɿֲ֧£ͬװһ㣬㳯ֱϣ˲仮һĿĺ⣬ʹ˵۾
⡭

ʯȻᣬڳǺεˣһǷ˽ɼĶ֣󲿷϶ѨϵΪѨڣ۷Ҳ
ʹǱ˴սģҲûһڻԪġ
ԣÿ˶Уһ죬ᣬ˶Уȴ羪ףعģ۾ʧ
ĳɹˣ
ƽǿ¼⡭
˵𾪺̾ڰʯ̨ȷȷɹﵽﲢº˲һֱڵء
Ͼ־ˣǿסˣһֳֻסӣ۾
˿̣ȴûȥ˵ľ̾ܳɹϲãΪһը֣Լľʶ췭ظı仯
ԭеľͬɫĺˮ˿̣ЩѾһգҲʣһ˿һ
ľʶϷӰԱߣȴһ˿˿ʣģͬһ˸â
ЩâƺȻܵʲôǿȻȫ˷ӰĸȻϡ
ɫķӰͬһŴźˣ泤ɫĳë
Щëϸϸܣͬƴ⬣˹ԣֻǿһۣ˾һ
ʶĿȴһ˵Ĳо
ȴǳ˿ϲ
ǣ⡭ҵľͷӰټ깦;ӡĳ֪䣬־ӰΧɢĽ֮ϣγµ⡭
⣬
ЩڷӰΧϸâȻʱ֪ôǣ֪ԼǷһ󱦲ء
ԳԽԼ󲿷ݵֻ¹вѨ۷壬벽ǿߣ
ٽһ⣬ǾԷҲδûһ֮
һ֮ϲ
ǲμɽ֮ǰû뵽ı仯֮ɽĽͼΪҪˡ


534 ࣨϣ
̽Լʶвıʱ磬ɡɣ㣬µʣˣȺ֮٣ֳʤ
ϣʮߺƽʷǿ¼ʳΪһ
ҲսܵһϾˣ˵Ƽ¼һûУ׷ƽʷ¼ģҲûһ˵ġ
ǵ֮ĵһ
ɡʮоսĵڶ
㣬Ծźе
£ĺġ
ˣһе壬ߡ
Σʵûκμֵˡ
Ϊǰǰĵľ㣬£кܴ⵽̭˵ˡ
ûκϣ
ǲ֪񵥺ϲʱˡ
㣬ܲܽУҪİ
˶֪˻飬ƽʷ¼ĵһĵλȴ˺
Ϊǵ֮ĵһĿ֮£˹֤ͬУ׳٣Ʋ˼顣

ɡ۾
һ˫Ŀһ˫ۣ鶯һתȻƣۣȴԣתͷһܣڴ˵̾Ľ塣
ΪԼоٵĵʮʹУҲһϣڱ죬϶ǵһܹ
Ͼڳˣ֪ھ棬ģҲ͡ĿӡǺһˡ
ǴѾһ϶³
ԣȱǺӵľս飬Ǳضһ
Ŀ⣬䵽˵ʱȴЩ֡
˶ûǿߴʱϥһꡣ
桯
Ҳʶͤʮ֮һ
ȻܽͤȻƽӹ֮
ȻעǷʢǼˣħ£˾ϣ޵ϣǣˣҲһۣĬĬذǵּС
Ͼ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ϣܸܲռȫʶ˰ɡ
ֻǣЩʲô˼
ΪʲôԼ˵һǲԼĤݻĿⶼͶעһô۵ĺϣ
ûܽͤģǸ֡
֮УҲеȼġ
ڷɡɿֵͤģҲħ£˾ϣޣӦӦܵȼ˶ѡ
ˣƽûм
ǰû˵ֻ֣𣬲֪ӺζСӣǲڣֻһͶѡ
ڱеĲƽҲԸֶѣûԼĶ֡
ǣ֮˲Ǹʱž֣˲˼顣
Ҳжɻ

š
ͬʱ㣬£Ҳ۾
ǻ֪ԼܲߣҲһ˿ңƽ̨ϵڶһۡ
ֻҪЩʧĵطǱԤԼ
һһһģţʮ
š
ʮӦǷɡɣǵ֮ĵһ
Ǿ㣬ȻףԼǵڶˡ
ģ
һİ±ŮӣҲͬУϣ־ҲһŸ֣У϶ϲ̨档
ţ
ҡҡƣԴ׼վȥʣսĳɼԼǲлǰ壬һθͼĻᡣ
ڴʱ۽⣬ȴɨ䵽ԭģҲΪܴԵʮ֮󣬸û󿴵һƬ
߱룬һ޴ȱڡ
ʲôԭеһأ
ţԣ
Ȼ䣬̧ͷȴͷʯ̨֮ϣһźɫâ
ʱɫ䣺ʲô˽Ǳʯ̨ˣǼţ֮ǰֻɨһۡ
ǵûϵͷճλȻΪȱһȻҲܿó
һ壬ʮʮ塭ʮߣ
ʮߺ
۾г˲˼飬һ£ػһ
ʮߺ
ֻɬؿ类شһȭԭԼ;źʯ̨һЩ⡣
ʱݵ⣬ɢʧӰ١
£Ϊ֪Լĳɼ⣬Եûǰô
ֻĬĬؿ˿Ȼعͷɨܵˡ
֪ԼûлˣҲ޷ͼȻ󣬵˭ܴ
߼ʹҲ΢
Ϊ˿ٵ󲿷ݵľѧڣǶԷܺ踣죬壬ǲĽͼʵ¡
ȻʧܣĽҲ޼£ֻܽܣԷ̹Ȼˡ
羮㣬ɣ׾ȣڵڶˣôϰ¡

ɼˡ
̤ɼʱؿһɱĿϥԺЩڷӰΧ˭óĺ档
ɼҲƺӸ˹۾һתͷͶڶྪĽĿ⡣
УһĿر
ţɣ죬ʡӡ
عͷͿ˷ɡһ˫ۿƺȫ£ﵽ⣬͸


535 ࣨ£
ǡ
֪ɡΪԼĵһԲ飬ҲΪ⡣
˭Ҳûй涨һҪˣο漰ͼĸ֮Ȩʱ
ֻǿһ֮󣬾ջĿ⣬Ƿߺޣʣ죬ɵĿ⣬ȫ粻
һ£˷ɡɣֺ޺޵ؿһҪļ䣬ӡȻǼסˣ˺ʤ֮ġ
Ů˿ɴǼǳĶȻ⣬УĵһͬСʱϲһ㣬ôɺޣĿˡ
Ժлᣬ˵鷳
ʱĿ֮£ϾҲǳҴ壬нˣȻ﷢
ΣǾͲ֪ˡ
ҲںˮڣһŮ˶ҲһʱѣȻƽ¡
֪ԼȻһԼϣԼڵһɡɵڶµģˣ
ڷɡ£죬ǶǸ֮ǰ䶷Ҳֳսȴֻһս˳ҲûгֵİʿЩ졣
û뵽ֲҲǿ󣬵Щ⣬ͷһۡ
Ҳû̫ϣһ֮ջĿ⡣
㣬ȻˣҲװ֪û¶ʲôصı顣

õһɡɣȣЩޣɡ
ˣǣ֪Լܻ֮һĴˣȻһʼú֣죬ܿҲתͷˡ
Ƕԣ˭õһһǷǿֵġ
Ȼǰԣôܽͤʮ֮һʳǵķ̨ȡʮʤˣҲȥ
ȡõһȻٴδһǰĺҲͲʲôˡֻǸտʼЩɣջǽ
Ͼʵ˼١
ˣžսҲĻսѾʤȻûۺϣʵֻڵȴһĽѡ
Ǿǣ֮С
ȻˣѾԤϵһĽٷ֮ʮŵĿΪ㡣
Ҳаٷ֮һпܵ
Ͼйθ˵һûˡ
ԣսûг֮ǰȻ½ۡȻһƶΧʯ̨ǰȴϳ
һԲȥ׳֪ɱĿԣ΢΢
ҲһˣΪǰĿʧܣ֪ԼΨһĻᣬȻ֪ܣӲͷƤȥһԼĽƷ
ϧ棬οʯڣ޷Ӧ·بʹûһְĶ
⡭
˶ˡ
Ҫ˵֮ǰǱϾһ˿ңΪԼȻʵô˵񣬾ᣬɱء
ʵǲпһΣǴ˹
Ȼ֪ôףʵʵİǰǻǲɵʧɵޱȡ
ʧܾʧܣʹٲģףһ
˵ʹͷһϳһͷɥʯ̨
գȻвҲһľѧվʯڶһبţû˿ļ
ϣȥʧ̨
⡭
ʮ˶ʧ֮ڣˣٲˣһվԭأűȥ׳ָָ㣬ҹ
Ҳ֪Լûлᡣ
ˣò䶷ͳսҲȲˣǻʲô˵ġ
͵˶꣬ٿ˸ͼ˵Ҳһѵõᡣ
ʱһһĹȥڣҲûһվ̨
㿴ңҿ㣬Ĭ
ڡ̤ҲΣҪʱ򣬺Ȼһ߳ƽվʯ̨ͳ˵ңҲԡ
㡭
̤ʯ̨ˣ۾¶һ˿죬вš
ȺУȻҲ˾ĵͺ
˶ûϵȻ˿ڣ̨
ޡޡ
ô᣿ܹΪʲôҪ̨
˵Ǳ̨ǻ˾죬Ͼǿֵ̬ϾǱûлᡣ
ˣȴ̫ͬѰˡ
˵֮У˭ʸҲпܣһӵиͼĻᡣ
ʣǾħ£˾ϣޣӦܣӦȼˡ
ǡǡ෴ˣ̨ƫƫȴһֱûг֣ƺͼȤԸ
䶷ûг֣սҲûг֡
һֱΪɽĽƷûκȤ
Ϊ˶֪ϳղ䶷ϣͿ϶Իһ˸Ķ֡
֮ǰ䶷֮һĺԣǺӵȣҲĶ֡
Ҳħ£˾ϵȣһսҲʤϡ
ǣȴֿɵõĳɹľսսսҲһμӡ
ǣ˶ΪɽҪ˽ʱȴȻ˳ԳҪһʯڵ졭
⣬Ǽ֥鶪ϣ벻ô
ܲ˾֣ȴɻѽ⡣
ΪʲôҪôΪƫҪȡѣ
ˣȡ裻ǿ׷ԭ
һʱ޷⡣
˶ؿǸһ£绨ȴĮŮӣһһ̤ʯףߵʯ̨֮ϣϥ
һ㣬̨վ趯һȦʹһȭȴϥ˫ۣ泯ʯڣԲͬ붨һ㡣
⡭Ҫʲô
޵ٶٴΰŪ¡
˶ڸʲôҪ׷ʲô
ѵΪϳ˿һЦҲܡ
޲һ֮෴侲֮У֮ƣȻ䲻Ů֮
ܵһٶȴƫƫϷʹħ£˾ϣӦӦܵȣҲͶȥ죬Ŀ⡣
ǰΪʲôĲѡҪѡ
䶷ϣ˿Ա֤ʤһ
սϣԸ֣ҲмĻᣬٰ˾ųɣһ
ΨһԣʹˣҲûһһİա
࣬Ҳյĵȱ˸ǿһЩлһЩ
ᣬĪ⣬˭Ҳ㲻ʯǰȴҲ΢
ԣʹǣ˭Ҳ˵һʯ䡣
˵ûգİٮٮߣǿ֮һպãҲ˵һ
ȻͲѡսʲôˡ
ΪҪ
˿ɲţķˣͻȻ벻
ôôҪôűʤİա
Ҫôвɸ˵Ŀꡣ
ǣħ£Ӧȣһаյ£ȴΪһգ
ӵаգƫ˲첻£ҪĿֵ꣬ʲô
һʱ֮䣬˶ԭأûһӦ
ֱһȦȦǿҶĺ⡣
ĺ⣬գǵأͬһ޴Ӱš
֮
ڸʲôԼ֮𣿿ΪʲôôѵΪͿʯڵ䣿
˷׷ɻ󲻽⣬ͷӶ۲⡣
ȴû˭ע⵽һߣվһ¿ۣ˫΢ߣ׿ġ̤ỶȻ۾һضʯ̨ϵĺŮӣһ˲˲
£е˫֣սƺһ̣Щ˺Ϣ
ýһһƶˣ¼֮ӣµߺ֮һ̤Ỷһٷ粨ٱáйȱ飿
ڽЩʲôߣڴЩʲô
û֪

վȺУҲܣǶ󻨣֮С
⣬֮𣿡
˵֮Ϲ񻨣ϹŻ񶴸ŵ䴫Уǰ¶ʹ޻ģûм
ûû˵
޻࣬£ɴ˶ı䡣
Ȼȳɾͣβ˾̾Ա
ǡ
ʼʱһ޶ͷ·ޣ˷ΪҲȫù˷׷׳Цмһᡣ
ȴڶȻ䣬۾ؿźʯڡ
⻬羵ʯڣɲ֮䣬˾޴ı仯ͬһˮ֣ʾĳ


536 
һƬɫգУݺύ絶罣׺ݷǳֳһħ֮
ȻƬĳУȴһͻܣˮڸ˷Բʮ廪ʥһ
˻ǧҶ꣬̽ӣˣ״
˱УʹδƺܶȻŵһƬ㡣
ܣʯҲǶ޴컨ͬʱǺɫƺҲˣ˴ӨϹ⣬ө㣬Ѥ֮Ա
ʱȴȻһԶԼԺ޻࣬˲䣬ʯУǺ컨࣬ʧȥ֧ţ˲䣬ɫĻ꣬ϵ䣬·һ㡣
Ȼ󣬺ɫ꣬꣬Ȼʯڣÿһ˵ͷ
ģǳڱĿ޵ͷܣһƬꡣ
˿ڲԣĿӣһɲǣȫʧ
˴أȥӣȴǺɫ꣬Ƶһ˲䣬˲ʧʲôҲδ棬ֻһƬصʾǺɫ꣬ޣʵڹ
⡭
ʧǣţֹסǣ࣬컪
Ȼʯڵ䣬ôܣǲΣǰһжֻһþ
˵޷ţǾٰһɽ֮ġ̤Ỷ۾֮Уһһš
Զʯ̨֮ϣ۾
۾޻ʧ
̤ʹͷ˿ı飬ֻԼһ૵ص컪콵İٶǵʯˣֻǰĸκν㣬Ǹô

ʱѾȥӣȻûдӸղǻλõĳлع
˭Ҳû뵽˶Ϊ޷ɹĴУȻı࣬һһꡣ
ֻһӣһΣҲΨһһΣ񻰳
ǻȥˣͺˣһӡ
֮´ضҲ䶯󣬡ޡ֮һ¥ֻܷѹѩаħ£š˾ϵȣΪʤѩ֮⣬ڶˡ
Ƕϸ֦ĩڣҪǣɱ䣬ǺʣһͼĻᣬҿ϶ĳɼõһʸ
һԭ϶Ҫ֦ڣһԭĵ϶ûʲôˡ
ˣһĴ
ȻҲֻԭлǰ˵ģɴڴˣûʲôӰġ
ڻ裬һƬ˷ܵ˵£ѾڿôȥԱ˵˻᲻ţʾۼ֤һʷ漣ˣѵá
ûйЩ
վȺ֮Ҳûȥμ˵ۣҲûȥ˿ʼۺԿʼʮȴǸѾվһߣȻĮĺŮޣֿ˿Ƭ֮Ѿָ·ղֻһλãҲûʲô¶һƬͨʯڵʯڣ˳˼
֪Լʯڵô
Ϊʲôƶǰ
ǰôڣûУΪʲôôҿ϶Լһʯ䣿
У˼ת
оֻһɺϵ£϶ɺϣ̫ܣûбϿǰ򵥡
˲ע⵽ͬ
ΪոգȻʯͬʱħУõһƬصİԲƬȻ쳣ãҪĴ䣬ʯңӦ
䣬дȻпռ䣬һݰУλ档
ȻҲûǧƷȴĹܡ
λĶ˵ĶӦһһ
磬ҲӦûκζԶĳ˴һƬգĶ塣
Ȼ޵磬ˣ˭䣬ԼƷһԵͣ
ΪֻҪѪ꣬Լ򣬾ûκܿӵеκζӦκƷʹΪ磬߳˼ΣǶС
ռǿռ壬ûôױͻơ
ԣڵĿռ䣬һ㶼Ǿ԰ȫܵĿռ䣬䵽УĨȥӡǣſԴ򿪣Ķ
ڣδԼϵӡҲδĨȥǿصİԲƬӦһһֱóȲܸӦ磬ҲʲôӦ
ڣƫƫǰһֱûжİԲƬȴʩչ޻࣬ʯڷ֮ʱҶͬһ
ǴĿռ䲻Ƭʱգ˵ܱԶ硣
䣬Ǿ;ѰˣԲС
٣Դ磬дһθӦ飬Ǵ伱ĲӦ
ϸ飬ȷϴûκαļĿ⣬ֻ䵽ǿڽ䣬Դӵõֺһֱûκ״Ƭ
Ƭʲô
ǰʯڣʲôϵ
ǣֻ޻޻࣬ʲôϵ
ʲô˶ʲôͣȻԴԽʱλķ֮Ӧ
벻֪ǷĶ
֪УԲƬ;ǵУֻǸ˴εı½ܲƷ
Ϊ½ߣҲʹƷıҲû˵ܴ͸䣬ӦĹܡ
ƬʯڣҲ̤˵ģǰ򵥣ֻǽ˽Գ޵һ۾ʥˡ
Уʲôܣ

ĿָĴ䣬ԶĺŮޣԶʯ֮Ѳ˼ΣȻʲôߡ
ʧ֮еǿԲƬҲ֮ͬղֻһþ
ȷԼû⣬ӦδҪԼղǲǳ˻
ԲƬǵսУħУΪḡŲƷ¿ռ䣬žɿռӵһҷɳĵġ
ʱҲûʲôֻԼ캰һ䣺̡漴ʧȥ֪ʡ
֮սаɽɽҲûü̽ʲôַֻ˴С


537 һһ
֮ûжΪԲƬȻۣܷУӦòǷҲռʲôطԾַ֮Ҳûôע
һпյʱҲ֮оƬ̣գһã·ƬֻһͨİԲ϶Ƭûκ֮
ʣδãʲôıֻƷ
ףĶôУпĳյһǣڵǡɱռС
캰һ䡰ɽ̡϶־ͽˡ
ڣһξãνġɽ̡ԲƬķͬΣֻ¾ʲôС
ǰĺŮޣ֪ʲôܣҲʯڣ

ȻĿ⣬ͶעԱһ˵ϣȴ˲䣬ͷһʡ
ô¼ΪһңĻǣϧۣɽᣬֻΪ˹нύӢۺ𣿡
ֻˣ¼ÿ춼ҪóһʼֵǵıΪͷ̫
˵¼ҼҴҵ󣬵ҲӦˡҪǡ
ȻĿһͷ˸š
ֻΪһɽᣬΪÿ죬ıԲ֮⣬սԼʯǰ䣬ʯĿ
¼ôƺֻΪҪٰһνɽᣬ򣬻һͿɣûбҪкô໨ɡ
ǸôĴۣϧٰɽᣬ겻ϣÿʮ꣬ҪȫǿǿɱһԣУǲʲôɸ˵ܣ
ǣһУʵΪĳصĿꣿ
һ̣ʯڵĿ⣬ø
һжʯڣĪģܸ˲йأҲУǸˣֻʣһǣħУ񵽵ذԲƬйء
ֻ£Ȼ̽Щʱ

Ŀ£Ȼ΢΢һЦ˲˾

˼ĵڣһҵۺͱ粵ڣǳˡ
һʣ࣬ϰѵһεĺŮӣޡޡ
ڶǴƽʷ¼սһ
һ¥¡
ģһϼɴʦ㣬λó¡ġ
壬ڶԦҵӣŮɡɡ
ԭڶڶĵָɽ׾ͩ㣬µˡȫʧȥһѵõĻᡣ
ԴˣȻЩʧˣҲûȥЩʲôֻεĵȴʿޣ˵һعһµʱĽ
ʤˣԭ䶷ʤˣħ£˾ϣӦӦֵܣԣǺӵȣʮջһθͼʮˡ
˶ĽǣҲмʣѡεģȻЩ˲ķˣʵ顣
ʮʤߣͼʱ̣ÿһʱ˵ڣʵɽᣬѾˡ
ڱˣǲҪȵʮ˸ߣȫǵԸ
ԣ»صλ֮Щˣ㿪ʼɽŰѽϢˡ
Щˣûʲô£׼ۿһ˸ͼ֮Ľ
Ȼʱ򣬸ͼʲô쳣
ǣżҲдţ˵ĳһ͸壬й⻷ƣʱߵˣҲܵһЩ󣬶ңҲܿһʮ˭
ʱպʿˣҲӦԣһƬäĿʲôҲ֪

ûûãʣԶóһ·ֱͨͤӺ󷽡
Ůޣ˵עĿ£̬Ȼͤ֮ͤҵǷͼ
žͨ죬£ƺǳ֮仯֮˿һ۾;ء
ͼ֮£֪ʱѾһɫš
ҲѰ֮֯ʦһСĲݡݱ֯ɣи궨֮ʺ˲ĳЩؼѧ
ȳϣ˸ͼȻʺϲ
ŮûΧȵĿ⣬ֱ߹ȥϥ£Ȼ۾ɢǰͼ֮УĬĬ
һһҲû֮ǰĺ컨ԳһΣȴϣκ쳣ˣҲ֪ʲôջûС
һʱ޺Ȼ۾ǷƽĮı飬վ𣬻عͷǷͨžһۣȻ뿪
뿪֮Ƿͼ·ƺһЩϵϢøһЩ
ˣһΪǰޣƽûʲô
˷֮ΪʧˣͼϣһãźͬʱֲЩϧ
һЩˣԼûлᣬڱһãаˬֻֻĿ֮£ұ¶
ֻˣӦ쳣һۣ𺳣֪ջˡ
ܿ죬ڶϡ
һ£Ӣֻһ˿аı֮˲Ǵ˴䶷սõһĽҵӣѩаħ¡
ߵͼǰϥ£Ŀ򣬲Բ


538 һ
ʱһһֹȥħϣǱϢŨˡ
ڿҪʱħϣȻһһţ绨Ӱʮ롣
Χʵ̫࣬˵ʱֶǽϣֻ˶Ҫԡ
ȻʹûԣٿħϣλһĻѾٴʧ·ûгֹֻһλþ
˷׷׳棬֪ħʲôץ֪ͣħµ״ͼиЩʲô
ϧħ²˵Ҳûκΰ취
һʱʱ䵽ħѹޱ飬뿪ţһ˸ϡ
ǰͼ¸ˣǵǰġš˾ϡ
ͼǰһʱ뿪ͼ֮ϣûгκλ˶֪лûջ
һʱ֮˾Ҳ뿪һ˿ǳǳЦݡ
ֵӦӦֵˡ
˴ҡڣߵǰȻʱˣֻһǣȴˡ
˵Ϊֳսֻһǣλòʱˡ
Ҳ޶֮֮һ΢΢һЦóϥ֮ԣһˣҲ֣ʲãš
һʱܿȥһЦ뿪һϡ
ʱһһֹȥ˰Զ׷ǰȻ
죬
⵹ҲѲˣ̤ʯǰ˻ѣټȭͷСҹ顣
ѵ֮⣬ҹ°֮⣬ӳʯǰһĻĳ
˰಻ס뿪ˣҲ˼£Ҫ˸Ĺ̡
һҹʱ֣ɽ֮ϣŵȺҲͲˣֻʮˡ
ư֣ӣձѩˣΪҪȴҲܸʲô㶼û뿪ΧȺܣʮеһݡ
ڣھѸ꣬λãȫֻʣһˡ
ʵӦǵڶϳģ֪ΪΣ̤ˣȫгɼõˣȴһһһβƺ⣬ҲںΪȵ
ڵȴʱҲû˷ʱ⡣
ңΪ֮ǰʯڵ䣬һֱĹעԼڵǿذԲƬ뿴ǲʲôȴһ
ֵˣ߳ǰѾϡ࣬ƺʱʧͼ΢΢һЦ֪¼ҵ׼˵ʮˣʮˡ
ƣȵԼҲ꣬ϡͼҪʧȥЧһͨͼֽˡ
ʹֻһͨͼֽʥ̵ʥ棬ͬΣм塣
ȻĹЧ֮ʧ
ʵ֮ǰڸʱҲй۲죬ħ£ʱֹһ⣬绨һţˣûʲô֡
ԣЩʲôջҲһ֪Ҳû취ԱȣȻҲȱ˲յ塣
ǵһθͼԲҲᵣģΪ޷ǾǼֻ֣ҪԼһ£˽⡣
ƽͤǰ£Ǿͨžһ۾
ڴмк档
ǿѹЩУֻһͨһɢԼ˼ӳʶزƣǰǾͼ
ɫľлżһ˿ϸâ貣ǾǾˡ
û뵽ڵľУȻһ˿⣬⻹֮ˡ
϶Ǻ¡ңʱ䣬֮ǰһյľѻָһ֣ȻûȫָһֵľѾ㹻ΪͼĴţΪаԿˡ
ͨžľƶ˲䣬΢΢һһ˿΢Ĳơ
ľ˳ƶ룬·һƬտ޵Ŀռ䡣
ǰǧ˸֮ǰ⿴ЩȫͷǳߣЩľѪܣ졣
֪˽ͼǲһĶ֪϶Լܸܲ򵽶ĹؽԣҵȴͷƬǿգȻģȴֻһƬޣʲôҲûС
ͬʲôҲһ㡣
ޣն죬أ
⣬ͼ
ѹϹŴ˵ӵд˱ͼˣȻ󣬵һܸЩҪԣԼԵ
ʲԵδǰһٴΣһǧΣһΣҲһġ
ݲͬˣܴиĶҲͬ
ϾΪԸԵĲͬÿУͼǲһģܸĶȻҲǧٹ֣ǿклһá
һɽ֮ϣ⵮һ˿⡣
˿⣬Ѿǳ֮ĺˣԣ˷ɡ
ʱ佥ȥ棬˶ڽĵȴư֣ӣձѩˣļֵĲѣ˭ȥж
̤Ŀ˸վȺ󷽣֪Щʲô
ǾͼҪĸʧûκβᣬʹĸоƺһᡣ
Ҳǣ¼ңʲôıûУͼȻ󣬵Сʱ򣬿϶ֹһΡ
δһܸƾֳʮˣľһʤţ
ջ˴ţ޷ҡ¼ҵĽһĵλֻ¼Ҹж¡
óһЩССݣȴſǺεȵǻֶΡ


539 һ
Ҳ֪˶ãþռУоʱš
ֻоܵգʱţ䵭һЩܵǿգ˸âȴҲ΢ƺʧȥ
ʱ䲻ˡ
Ȼѡ
ֻǣѵһá
˵ȫںǲܵģϾͼĻѵá
ʮ֮һϡ쳣ֻҲͼһʺۼ
Ȼһ뵽ʲôȻƬþռУҲѧһ㣬ϥʵ˫ֺʮ۹۱ǣǹģУֻѭԼģƬΪһ塣
ָƼ䣬֪ʱһССĳͭƬ
ͭƬϣһУϥʵƯںһöҶ֮ϣ鰲飬˫Ŀգϲ
ԱߣŰ˸С֣ƹģҶǸ
Ͼ֮һһֱСղأʱȴͻȻ˳
ͭƬ֣ľ񣬶Ȼһ˲أڽӴͷա
˲䣬ǳһһһ㣬ͬʱмһ۳һ޴ĽɫӰ
ɫӰׯϣ˫ֺʮ
һ㶵˲䣬ȻһӴļ䶸Ȼ
ĺڣ
ţĺڣʲô⣿Ȼļ䡭
ٴһ㶣ûڻشǸӴٴļ𣺡ڣ
ꣿʲô
ĪԺм˼
ԼڴͼİأȻֻ޷ʾ޴ɫӰ
ֻ޴ɫӰʲôһһֱ⣬ĪǣڸҵĿ⣬ͨˣܵõ
ٴɻ˲䣬Ȼܵĳٴα仯
һۣȻ֣ԼѾԭƬؿռ䣬һƬɫʯҡ
ʯҺܴ󣬵ϲһ֧ɫĳǹ֮⣬
ǹִ˳ǹǹ֪ʲôƳɣеԣصɫǵ㡣
ǹ֮ϣͷβһ޴ڿշֱǹͷ
ǹϺ֮ɫ⣬氵̣ƺնܴƣҲǷҾԱ֮ǹĲϸ󣬵ĸС֣ƿǹ
ƿǹʲô˼ˣһǹ
ûѧǹⲢǹˣһ׼򵥵Ĵ̣㣬Σ軨ȶ
ǹ֣оԼһһʹǼӲƺܶҡգһһƬǿ䣬һˮ·綼ܴ򴩡
ССʯݣǲ˵ʧվһ䱤ϿգƮֳǹǧ⻷ƣǧ񵱳Ĥݣڲϸ̣
ģһʱЩƮƮȻ
ڴʱܵĻþһʧ»صǸ֮أɫӰǸӴһļ𣺡ϲǹ񣿡
ϲ
ͷ
ǣԸһУ˿ռ䣬ִǹ·񣿡
һԺвɷղִǹ֮ʱ·Ӣۣ޵иоڻصԭأǹʧȥ·ȫ֮ʧһյĸоһʱԥԭء
ûãٿ˽
ŻܵĿռٴһתһƬɫ㳡Χ
ɫ㳡֮ϣµĺͯϰӳСȴҲģ
ȴһ£֪ʱΪһڻҵСкгŵģһ壬ȥһ
û˶࿴һۣûԸ˷һʱ䣬һаʽվģֻĽųЩСѧϰ
һգ裬ƱѣϥǱĥƣ˴ɵһԣȾѪƣǱʱˡ
ѸٵѪȻ֣Ѹȥ壬һֲħ
ħ֮ڣһǿ޷ӿһӣ֣Ǽĺӣ漴õصѪС
̲ŵĶӣӽɽ׷ǸϣЩСĸףĸףʦ岮˾ˣøȫΧɱ
ǧˣһڶǿߣȫɽΧɱͶ·󱻱һɽ
⣬˽šħħ
ڣСŶϽᡣ
һʱ֮˷ŻնŨѬ룬Ͳס˳ȥһѪ죬ħһǿߣȫһС¡
ӳ磬ʮꡣ
ĳһ죬ͻȻȥжϽǣϽһɲǣȫʧ±޸֮ǸСһ㳡ϵĺӳ׷ץסѺ˹㳡
ɲϻ𳡣һɻҽһ̣ڽٶȴԶɻأС
ռתصǸտ֮أɫ޴Ӱѽϲǲϲһ̣նǲն
˵ն뵽֮ǰһʹȻ֪Ǽ٣ȻյγϣҲ뾭һΣ֮ǻţ־֮С
ǣشնһȥȻеɱֽǧһ˫֣ϴøɾôʮҹҹģǷİ
֪ǷҪǰɣٿ⵶
¡
һ޾磬ħҰޣԨг۾ӵΧ̡
ǰسŵĽĸףǳħӵĶӳΪڻһСׯľˣϺ
СׯľڸڳŹرǰһ̽˳ڣĸףֻħ޵ȷΧסħ޴󳱣ֻ￪⣬գۼһسţһжˡ
⣬ȴĸףǣسȴְ𡭡
һʱ֮䣬˽ѡ
ʱһѵ͵ǰֻҪѵɱʮµӤܼеħ֮ıⳡսȫǣҲ뱻Χ̵ĸס
ѵ֪ѵĴ˵˵˵Ϊ¾Ϲɱģһֱڳϵ֮Уû뵽ʱȴ˰Լǰ
ɱ¾ʮ޴ѧ׶ȳĸס
У縺ͷسǴ
һʱ֮䣬ѵĬˡħޣԽԽԽԽӽ
ʮСѾ͵ǰŮɵݣһնǲն

ۣתۼ䣬ؿռУȻʮƬΣЩʵЩ٣Щݺ£һЩСϣޱȿ
ɵǿǰʱԥˡ
һʣһնǲն
һѰı֣ǹצꪣ桭۶ŵıһУܷӳ
֮⣬иǿĹر
תۼ䣬ֻصƬռ䣬Ǹ޴ĽɫӰ
Էڣ֪Ҫģʲô
֮ģǺ
֮ģ
һʱ֮䣬ԭأ亹ԺУ֮ǰʮƬβϻطţجΣһʱܴ


540 һģ
֮ġ
ݴ˵ĳһˣʹĳһĳһѪ⣬꣬ҹ飬пܲԼص֮ġ
絶ߣе֮ģߣн֮ģǹߣǹ֮ģߣй֮ġ
֮һѣһУܷӳΪκһͨѧһʩչӵͨ쳹һĿֲ
֮ĵľʮѣҪ꣬ʮ꣬ϰһյĿ׷󣬻Եɺϣܶ
̣Ҫʮֵרע
絶ߣҪԵ𵶣;ܿİѱȥѧһ㿴Źǿȥѧ
˱Ǽ֥飬ϣֻһ޳ɡ
ߣˣǹߣˣߣˡ
ڽǹУ벻
˵רһǾ֮ĵҪ˵ˣ֮ġ
ǻعһ·ѧȷΪӣϵͳ
ͼžƷѨָ֣Ӱָצгපצطˮӳ·깦ȵȵȵȡ
⣬޻ʮᣬѻ̭ǣ߽׻üԼˮи򣬵ȵȣ֮
һԵ֮ʱʹõĹǧٹ֣뵽ʲôʲô
ʱûѪ壬ʱ̻ú쳾ѣʱýʱƣʱָ
ˣǡǡˣʧȥѵģ֮ĵ;
ѧᣬ̫ӣ̫ˣϵͳ
ѧȭָצȴһܾ֮ģ
ټѧټãֻһרߣ֮ģƫƫڴǰһֱȻ֪ǿѧûһ̶׷罣
Լ֮ģֻԽԽԶԽԽƫ
ѵĴ𣿡
׷׷󹦷þеЩŮаҲȫ𣿡
ҵģںη
һ̣ʣԽԽľ
ᣬǡǡ᣻κһŹûڣֻڴǳ̤
Ҫ֪ڣȻ򵥣ֻͨԪ׳ͻƾ硣
ԽڣߵľԽҪѨ編Ҫ˵ףâȾ
ȷԼ֮ģһֱһԺ󣬵·ԽԽխԽԽǼѡ
ǡ
ֲɡ
ѵҪֻѧһ
޹ĽͼžټҾʶķӰԺδһͨǣˣҸ𣿡
üʦָ㣬л߽׻üң˵˸ףܴﵽ۷壬ǣҸ𣿡
ȭָצѨ֣ԪӰָපצȻǿվᱻ̭ҲϾϰôã꣬ΪһݣȫҸ𣿡
һһ飬ʡ
֪ͼԼһȽţԼ֮ǰԣ֪ȴӶԸӵ⡣
ǣܲߣԸԸߣÿԼ
Ժ룬˼ǰˣǧתһ˲ǧꡭ
ҪҡǽɫӰ˵öԣҪǷʲôֻרһʱȻͭƬתһƬ֮⣬˲佫ѡ
ŲɾԼħ
ԼУȻԼĹ˻ɣǣԥ˷ԼѧһУ˲Ρ
⣬ǡǡ֮ıļ
ԣ
Ȼվһ˫۾˸˸ŶǽӰǧţ˭ܱ֤һһֱĳһߣ
ʧ䣬ȥȭİ裬ƶϱ۶пܣôʲôҵ֮ģ
ҵ֮ģΪһŲϣġ
ıı֮꣬ڣã֮򣬲һֻҪɱеģǱֻҪܲԼģ񹦡
޳Σ޳޳ڣǹꪣˣݰټţһרǣ⣬ȴҵ·
һ볣ˣһ·
䣡
ش˲䣬տռ䣬ʼ٣ǽɫ޴ӰΧɢ¶һӰĿȻԼ۶һһ
˫ֺʮ¶΢Цһ䣺ϲʩģʹѡһһ·ҲǱȳ˼Ѱٱ·ȴϾһ·
һ
Ŀյգ羲ֻɽӰ
Уɻʡʱʹ䡣
˵һ꣬ɫ޴Ӱʱ⣬һһ磬Ϊ˷ɻҡ
һ𣬾ѹŷ֪ԼѾ磬ͷϿգǾͨĹž𽥰ȥգͬʱһ飬ʧ
žֻʣһһЩӲɣζѾһͨľᡣ
ϲ֣ͼɹɽᣬΪֹɢ˰ɣ
һɢЩӵؿһۣаž죬Ľ׵׷ʲô£ʱһϲư֣ӣձѩˣȺΧ˹һЦ
ʲôˣ
Щɻ֪ͼʱ䣬϶Ƿʲô֪飬Ȼ˶ĽĿ⡣
ָͼʱֹط⣬һһ㣬һ޴Ӱѵֲ֪𣿡
⣬Ӱ
һ˲뵽ǿտռеľ޴ɫӰֻǣΪʲôǷ⣬ңԼֵ֮ľѵˣҲ
ˣͼʱһ޶ȫԼ֮неģԼħЩͬΪʲôԼˣЩر


541 ҹӰϣ
˼Ƭ̣ǲͷˣѾʼ׷ɽ
̧ͷһնůأȻѾǵڶˡ
Ѿһҹˣ
һ㶣漴ҲͻȻ
ʮˣһ˻ȥһʱǾʮʱ
Ȼ磬Խӽһ磬ټϸͼʮʱѾǵڶ֡
Ҳɽɣ
Ťͷư֣ӵ˵һ漴Ҳûͣתȥֱɽ֮뿪
ǵıӰһ۵̤˫Ŀ΢Уûؿ뿪
뿪֮ʱȻһͷǸվͤУһɽһΰߴӰζЦһ£ͷҲء

صֱԼķ䣬ûжͣδư֣ӵȶ˵һ仰
Ȼ֪кܶʣʱҪģԼʱ䡣
ͼи򵽵һУȻԺҪʱҪʱǣ̤֮ĵҪʱȥ̡
ư֣ӵȣȻһ⣬ת뿪ȴû
֪ʱȷòҪȥȵһУȻԼһС
ǻޱȵϣǱκ˶֧֣ȥõĲԼոջõһУԽǿ
Խǿ֧СŶӵʵ֮
СŶӵʵ⽭Ŀܻ꣬õջ񣬶ҪԶ֮ǰΣգԱ
Ƕ֧СŶеκһˣаһ飬ˣȻҲ˽⡣

صԼкϥڴ֮ϣĿ񣬲ٴξ׽֮ǰͼУǾ
Ŀյգ羲ֻɽӰ
Уɻʡʱʹ䡣
Խ˼Խ£һһ飬糿ĺģԢǳ
ϸϸ˼ģ۾оԼ֮ģָһ
Ŀǰֻӵ֮ĵһΣûгա
Ҫգзǳѵĵ·Ҫߣǣѡһڲͬĵ·
רһԼ֮ģȴǰݲɰټң·ȻѣΪࡣ
ҪɹࣻȻһɹܻõĳɾͣԶ
ͬʱһ·ϵʱ䣬ףΪʲôԼͼʱܴԼͷϣ⣬ӰˣǱΪԼճͭƬԭ
ͭƬԴڷңµܣԣԼͼĸռ䣬Ȼû˺ͷҰһþԼܴƣȻջĪ棻ܣпܶҡģһ׮ˡ
ңԼջǴ˹ûǽӰƭ
ȻһĲһ֮ģʹᵱıΪҲҪСΣոմɵѨڣܾͻ䵽ѨڣѨڡ
ⲻûпܡ
һĸȹ̣罨Ļʯʯι̣ݼӵĽԽߣʯҡˣãͻȻʹһʱ֮䣬ûȫ߽⣬Ҳбº󻼡
ԣŲɺ£֮ǰһĻĻ亹ʪ͸±
ǿߣ֮·գԶɱ
һһһãһһʺһɣߴһĿº
һ£Ȼȷһĵ֮ǣȴãǽɫӰЩȴҲû˵
档֮·ġۡǡࡢʶ֮֡ЩѧȻ̰һʱ䣬רһ޵Ļƽ
Ȼû·಻һ֮ǰڻþпĵʱһɾͻʧܣı
ڣϣʵļһЩҪ֦Ҷܱ֤ģã׳ٵĳɳ
ԣԺԼܵģ£һǽһǻõ
ģҲѧû̫ʱ䣬Ȼ̰ãȻԼߵ·ûһյĶ̫ˣ̫ӣҲԼԶ߲ľͷٺõĵģûκá
ԣǽɫӰĻΪõĸԼ̤ĵ·ߣͻ
ʱ䣬Ҳʱ򣬰Լѧᣬȫڻͨһʱˡ
ЩѾʱ̭ķȻľ֮ԪָӰָƷѨ֣ЩԼΪԸϾ磬Եò㣬籩ԪѪʮපצͼžȡ
Լأ̽ںϳһ׶ԼѧпܣڽЩѨ۷壬벽˵ʱһ֮
ȻȻпɣϾʱĹȥԵˣԽԽǿ¼ʹǰƷҲʱܲشˡ
ƷϵĹ̫ϡ٣Ҫãѡ
ˣ̤һںϵĵ·һЩľ£һգ̤֮ĺһľ磬Ľ
ǣѵõһΣڣԼǰѧÿһǱĻᡣϾЩȻѾʱϾĳڶ೤һ壬·ֵˡ
˼ϣ뵽ȳԵģȽѾ̭Ĺһ
Ʃ磬ӰָѨںϣܳΪһʲôĹ
ȻҪʱ䣬żΪ磬ѣеʱ䡣


542 ҹӰ£
ҹ١
ҹʱ֣һӰĴܳ󣬻ΪһӰĹ⣬ռɽ֮۷ǰ
ٶȺ֮죬ʮﷶΧգۼʱͻصɽ¡
һ·ڷɳ۵糸˴ɽ֮£ٶȷýСࡣ
վɽףӰͷۣЦһ£һ¹ϣȴ˭
Ǻǣ֪ʯ֮أڽҹˡ
ϣǲʧ
˵һ䣬ûͣһѾͬɽȣΪһڻӰɽ۷
ɸʱٶΪ֮һΪԼɽ۴Ĵս֮
⽣ͤʱս֮Ѿ÷ǳǿˣԼŮӵʹŮƺҲǳ֮ǿʹˣҲֻţʹƺߡ
ԪϢһ޸ľĳɽͤͤ¹µӰʯ֮ԣ˽ֵ˭
һ߽¿ۣ΢˪üŭǱˣȻǽ֮֮ߺ֮һ̤Ỷ
һˣҲİ
һ£дģ͸ǿ̧֮䣬ڰĺɫ䣬Χγ˻ġ
ֻǴʱЩˣǱߣһ˿һ˿Ѫ
ߺޣһ˿ŭŶĽ¿ˣ۾ǲš
˲ǱˣȻǣ󶥼֮УΨһŮӣɽ֮ϣȡô֮еһҲΨһһɱǿߡ
ޡޡ
˭Ҳûϵɽѱϣߺ֮һ¼һƶˣ̤ỶȻԭأûȥ
һˣǳϵĳ֣ޡޣѾ뿪Ϊȴҹ֮ʱɽۣ̤֮
ǣʲô
ڴʱգ֮䣬Ӱĸ
Ȼһ°ɫĹ⻪ͷ֮£ʯ֮ϣʯڣһСطʱԲ֮ɫмһɽӰ
ţ
̤ͬʱ˱䣬ʱϲ̤ǰһǷΧޣҪǿʯڳȥǰǿطռݡ
ͬʱǲƺһƳһѪǿһȼѪ֮˲䣬Χ޾Ѫڹ⻷ƣ֯ƬƬ
֮УһѤ컨ȽȽ֣ն͸ϣһƬͨ졣
ȼ껨࣬ɱ
飡
Ųһͬһ⣬̤һ̣ϵƣȻ̤һĶǿ߶١
ﵽѨļޣ޾ƽڰ벽

״̤һߣ¶м϶ʱɢǿơ
ͷҲأֻһƮһƣȴͻգƾ죬ԽԽڿУǳһֻơ
飡
һ죬߶ȼ껨ޣ类ɽԱȷɳȥٶȣɶأڰգһѪ
Ȼ֮ϵƣԷʽ𾪺Խܡ
Ԫƣ
Щŵص
ţȻʶԪƣ
Ȼ䣬̤عͷһϣ֪ʱѾɱ
ԭһϾƬĪɡȻ㿴ԪƣϳǾ㲻ˡ
ˣ֪ôֻ֣ȻϹŻ֮ˣֻ֮ɱ

ʱȥǿԲͶӰڵʯˣǷһƮףͷϿգһֽɫƣԽԽԽԽҪɽѹ
޴˵ƣǶһ̣ɽƺ²
ֹƵޣһԣһ˿ನо˿¡
һƵܣ䲻ȴͨ
ɱңôȴҲûôף
ƺҲ֪ҹؽ⣬ȻҲû뵽̤Ỷͣɽ֮Ҿ
һʼֱӣϣϾɽƬʱ¶δ¶üֵԷɱ֡
ǣ̫Լʵ֪ԿӣȻҲҵһʩչȫ࣬ɽƬӦ»Ӷֳλá
죬Ѿʯڵ䣬ʱɽƬͽҪ֣û¹⣬ʱѶסҴͥڣĿҲԸ֪֪ܡ
ԣʩչһ룬Զͣסˣû뵽̤Ҳ֪ܣڴ˶ء
ҹ˾һˣȡƬʱ벶
߽⣡
¶Ȼ֮ɫٴθֳǶ޴޻࣬ȻȻһȣǾ޴޻࣬Щм䣬ȻߵСһǳͬīۡ
ȻīգȻͬʱһѣ޻࣬ʱ⣬һ춯صľ޴޵
̰δʱƣԭ¼ϧۣ˦ֲͷſˣɽ֮ᣬʵΪ˽⿪ʯ֮ա
Ϊ֪Уһܣǿ»ٵ򣬿ûܴԵ̵
ҪⱾҵԵȴҲδףҪĴۣǱǣһɣ


543 ɽл
˵꣬¶Ȼ֮ɫһ
ʱɽۣ֮ͬͻȻһ־޴īɫ̫֮⣬ӿǵأŶġ̤ỶǿϮ
ãԻٷ࣬㡭
һ̣̤һҲɫ
һ˾ȻȻһֽƵĲӰ֮ȥҪܹһȴѳˡ
֮£ֻٴһƣһֻ޴ͻ͵Ľֵƣӭڹ⡣
ڽӡ
䣡
˲䣬޴µıըɽ֮æʮ֮תԼرС
Ȼ͸оµĵ棬ʼɽȻİȥһԽɽ֮ƽߣɳʯ
Ƭ֮һǱֱӱһ㳾֮еޡµɳһĳ
վһʱŷɽ֮ѾֱͤӵͤľשʯĴɢѿԭģ
ʯڣһߣΪز䶯¹Ҳλãԭ¹ⶨסǿԲѾȻʧ֪ˡ

̤һѿվɽ֮ߣ£Ѫ
ȻһУȴͷķŭԼ޾ƺʧء
ʯڵ۾ͬѪ֮ҹ˶ɵĶޣ÷ײУֻǣϵϢȴԭҪ࣬һֻ֣£ͬش
ϾȻʵǿ󣬶һΪһ۷һһλ費֮£Ҳ԰Ȼˡ
ȻȻˣ಻Ѣ֮ǣ߶߽⡱һ֮ޣȴѻ˹ȥһ䣬£һ̯Ѫ
ɫ԰ֽһԭ֮ɫ˾׵ĸ򣬾òһ
Ŀ˲ޱȸӡ
̤ޣⶼǳУεȾǿߣ˭ûԤϵ֮䣬Ҳһս
̤ƶǿ֮һޣΪһһĶߣһʵֲֺ
ղţϧۣԱԼʮ޻ΪֵۣһʹҲ޶ˣѹֱ̤ǿߣˣȥһۡ
صģȴ֮ˣΪһ˽սನɽ֮ȫģ¶ȣб͵¹λ֮ǰһŬ๦ȴȫ׷ϣӰ
붨סɽ̵Ƭϼѣѳɴ֮ʶıֻ¾λҲٰɽƬ⣬ҪһԵˡ
Уж޵ɱ⣬¼ı֮ãȴ֮ãĴۣʤǰΪɽᣬȴ¼Ҳϧۣ̽ʯزصԭ
û֪ǰ¼ͷµ⣬˴伮Լѯǿ֮¼һλԵɺ֮£֪УпһرƬ
ǱǡɽƬ
ɽƬǺûĹ֮Уɲֻ꣬ԼἰǿϹ֮ʱһֱ䣬սһ˵ıѣӶ˼䡣
ƬмƬû֪
ǣȴһ££˲¼Ϊ֮񣬲ģϧһдۣҲҪõ
ǾǣɽƬӵжݵڱ֮ܡ
ӵдƬܸó㹻Ĵۣܰ¼һλмСĿܣˣǴ˵еڣ
ϧڴ˱Ĵ˵ƣû׼ͷΪܵõƬǿߣ̫٣̫٣ǶڴƬǻĪԸʲôء
ʹˣֻҪǧ֮һĻᣬ¼˾ͲŹ
ܰ۷ףʲôֻҪϢһؽ½һѪɱ¼Ȼڽʵѵ֣Ҫ˵࿹⡣
ԣ¼ҾԲţֻĽȡߣΪ֮ȵһλʱ˴ſ⡣
гһգΪھڣһţ಻ûпܡ
ֻϧ¼ǿߣۣþֶΣƿʯڣȡеɽƬ
⵹˵ûǿƱڣϾʯȻ棬ҲֻΪһ˿ɽƬɢݳű˶ѡ
һͨɽ¡
ǣ¼ܣȴҡ
Ϊ֪飬һգǻжӵġ
¼һǿƱڣȻܼɽƬĿĿܣ˲ߣ֪䣬ʱ׷ټϼˡ
Ǻò׷ֵһ챦ʹ伣ڤڤҲǵ֮С
ûаٷ֮ٵİգȫȡԸڴ˵ȴﱸᡣ
ԣɽᡣ
¼ҳﱸɽᣬȻɢͯӣ͹ֻΪ˲һǸĿģǿ˭ӵлԵɽƬҹ֮£䶨ס
ϹŴ˵ɽƬӵͨ쳹֮ܣԷݵأȴһܶסټʱڲߣͬʱܴ
Ǿǣ¹⡣
ɽƬ¹ÿһ£ɽƬǿʱ򣬶ʱȡʱ
ǰǣ֪ʯڵľһλãȻһƱڣɹ֡
ԣ¼ɽᣬǽʿ֮ǰ죬ΪΪ죬֮ڣܳɹټ׶֡
ϧ̤뵽ǰߣȴû뵽ߡ
ޡޣ֪Ǵ֪ܣȷɹɽƬټ벶һ̣ȴδϣᷴġ
⵼£ˣƻȴܴɣܲŭ


544 ֮
̤Ųڵصǰɫѿһֻ֡
޽⣬ʱ֮ϻƣ׼޵Ķͷ
һҴߣ
䣬һ£ǧ
ϵɳʯܼȻûҪ֡
Ҳѹ֣¼ΪɽƬ֪˶պ˼¡
һһ¼ˣܣͼгһգɽ֣һλһλڣ£ư½
ϧۿ󼴽ɹĹͷȴȻһ
޾Ҳʯڶ֮λԭ¹⡰סɽƬٴ伣֪١
Ȼޣһ㲻ΪвУµʸԣһ̣еĺޣػŭ
ǧһ֮˲䣬ۿ޾Ҫɣһ֮£һ̯ࡣ
ڴʱһֲˮ򣬼תţأءķƿϣֱ塰̤ỶıģٶԽԽ졣
ǰỶԲױ׼ڱ󷢶̲֪
ȻʱȻɱʵԽⷨ࣬һʹʱҲˣһʵʮȥ
Ŀǰܱ߳ɣ㲻
ԣ⼱תˮ򣬹ıʱʹ಻ɳһ˲
ĵתˮƣܸܵһԲѷɫԽⷨ෢һ١
һƣǲ
ȥ޹Ȼ϶ǵǣ֮Ҫºۡ
ǣһ֪֪ؿڲࡣٴ˵Ī⣬ⲻؿߣǷһǶ֣δ֪
ԣֻ֮һת˲һת˾һתƾйȴû޵Ķͷ˳ƹĹǸֲиˮ
Ȼ˵ʱɱԼֻһ
ΪֻǸһЩˣҲֵá
ϾѾԻٷ࣬ʮʱ䣬޻࣬Ѿٲ֣һʵѾˮ
һˣɱɱʵѾûʲôҲв¼ңֻǣзߺޣòйѡͷȻɱޣת׼ȫӦͻȻðߡ
ȻȴûϵԷĿģǶΪҪԸ
ԪƣͶԷиˮڰкȻһٴ޴𵴲̳ʱΪˣһǱһ˿º졭
ڴʱһӰٶȣΪʮӰͬһʱǳġ
һ̣ǵӰѼٶȣϵ޽һ񣬾ͳ·Ӷȥ
Χκԣ
һ̣Ỷﲻ֪ԼǱˣˣԷĿģΪΪ˾ޡ
ڼ۵ԼƤӵ£Լʹ޵ޣڶʳԣһ£ϢǣȻɢһ˿һ˿ħ֮Ϣ
һ˫۾˲Ϊɫ
ħն
䣡
֮䣬˲Ȼѣһĳ֮ͬңңն֮ϣ鲼ɫľۻֻ˿һۣ㲻ɵз
޴󳤵֮ʹ滹ʮɾ룬ʯѾ׷޷ܣѿ¶һ޴Ŀշ졣
ỶЦҪڶʳҲҪûǸ£Ҫǡ
۾Уεɭ֮ɱ֮£й¶ȻɽƬܣͱסˣԣ㣬ޣһɣ
޴󳤵ֻԾٶȣնǸ˱ۿҪһնƬԼбŵĺŮһ𣬻ɢ
ڴʱƺ֪Σͬһʱ䣬˲䣬ӰȻٴһΪģֱһλŮӵӰȥ
ȴͬһ˲䣬мɫһնƬ
Ȼ糾ɢﻹǸ˵ӰնƬģ߻Ӱѡ
ţü
̤ƶ飬˲˾ԵţǱ˱ϣһ˲Ϊɫ
Сӣʲôˣ¼ԣûк³
ֻ֮ҪҲݣ¼㣬ݣ
ҧгݣߺޣ֪Ѿ׷֮һ˿ûڡ
ź뿪ĵط˿̹ǵĳޡ
ãƽɽбʯڣ˸˼Σڲɵһٱ䣺ߣ֮£ҲסˣգɽƬͽֵǷ꣬ٳΪһܡ
¼ҪôɽƬ£Ҳֻһ취ǿȡˣ
ϧʱ죬ʹһ֣֮ڴɽܣ˷޽󣬵ʤ㣬಻ĳɡΪɽƬȴ˲ˡ
Ϊ˵ض֪˷ɽڳ벻ɣֻڽҹˡ
۾¶ɫڣһԥǺܿһֻ֣ӻͳһöԲͲ
һΣ˲䣬һɫĻڰбըγһŵġ¡ңʹʮ￪⣬
Ƭ֮󣬾д¼ҵӣһЩصĺˣȫںĲ֮Уޱ߳зӿɽ£ɽн·ڣΧסŹһ˽롣
Ȼȫںɫͷ֮еˣ¼ҵİλϣԽȺɽͷ̤ỶǰɫϿ


545 Ϲţϣ
Уһλͷߵĸݺˣ´һ˫ѥѥϻúʻߣԵʮֹ졣
֮УҲϢΪӴ󣬲¼ǰλϣһĺˣΪףʮֹ
ⲽỶǰվĿһɨѽܵһ۵ףȻɫͷ¿ıĿ˭óʮֲá
Сʮ㲻˵ȡɽƬһоգаٷ֮ʮϵİħ֪ˣ͵׾ڣȴõ
ǣСʮ֪
˭Ҳûϵһʱߺ֮һ֮أ֮á̤Ỷλѥ˵ĳʣǲҷһ
ʮı²ܣ²ܳɹȡɽƬʮԸ⵽ȥǰ
ߣ
ѥ˻Ӳٴһ֣ҲãȻ֪վ㣬ץһʱ䣬ȡɡ⣬֦㣬͵ħµ̰֮ɣ
ǣʮһ
Ỷ̡֮ĸ֣Ȼɵûһɫ˲ò԰
ǿţվԭأȻعͷһ֣޽ȡ
ǡ
¼ҳϣҵǰλãһ֮ΣȻԴӱһڵϡ
˲䣬εĽɽ֮𣬶̤ỶһأѾбʯ֮ǰȥ

ɽ紵š
ʱҹҡľҹޡ
ͷһ£ɢһһ㵭ĹΣڵϣУӰħ١
ޣһ·ۣԼҲ緽򣬸ҳޱ߳ǵķ򷵻أ֪˿̣ޱ߳ڣܵ¼ҵ̽ӣỶԼɱĶ󣬿϶Լ
Ŀǰûи¼Ҵֱ֣˺Ĵ㡣
һʵãҲеĿ꣬ûд̽Ȼ³ç
ԣ֮ɽ룬ƫƧСߣһʱȷԼѾɽأỶҲ׷֮һСϪܷѰĻҰɽЪϢ
Сƽڵһƽʯ֮ϣӴУȡһЩˮΪùϵѪȻΪһ̽ʱüͷһ塣
صơ
ڵľȫ٣ûһ棬ѨҲѾɢ볹׽岻һ֮ңҪ޻ϼѡ
ܱܲסδ֪
صģȴЩ֮ǰΪỶһᣬ޻е߽֮
߽⣬ɵı󷨣ħħ֮ЩƣǼΪֲǿıܡ
ּܣȻܶʱڣѸٵǱսϧǲ֢Ҳʵأһ˲ͷá
Զ׼һʮ޻࣬ҲͻҷҲ޷ؾۣһΪˮ
ܾܲȻҲδ֪
Ҳҁ󷢶߽֮ȻƾޣҲ֣Ҳδ̤һ˵Ķ֡
οоɽܣֹ̤һѨ۷壬һЩصĺڰУŻ綯֪֪ѡ
£Ȼֱ޷߽̤֮ƴ˸ܾˡ
޹Ȼԣ̤ҲùŸҳ֣ˮи͵Ϯ̤ģԻ֮ԼӰԻ̤վΣѡ
Ҳùͷ̤ŭ֣ȻóһŴδǰ¶Уٻһħ
һȻûֱնǣನǽ壬ܵһЩӰ죬ѪжЩˡ
ڲǹЩʱʱǾΣҪ
ԣʹƲ̫ó޽ڵһоָΪǣҪʱסǲѵġ
Ͼ޵磬ʲôȱ٣ǣ˾ĵҩһ
ǰ뿪ȥսʱߴսأ뿪˽֮֮ǰһĹ׵ɹһݣԷʱ֮衣
һȻܲǶ֢ҩǣͺͲͶҽͷ˲һ
ʱҲֻһšת𵤡סʣµģҪѹͼˡ
Ѿ御ʣµģҲʵڰﲻʲôæˡ
Ӵȡһöɫҩƿ֣еһĴָͷСĽɫҩֽ飬Ȼָ˿޽յͣҩȫĺ֮С
ȻΪ޷գιһЩˮٽ𣬱ԼԼϥ棬˫羮ѨһЩ
Ϊҩתȫ
ˣʱ֮ڣһĽëգգڻ˹һ۾ǰ
۾һ˲䣬ȻſڣۡһٴһڵѪȻ۾һգٴε˹ȥ
⡭
һ֣ɢȥǰɢŴ̱Ѫζȳ֮ȻޣһЩһʯʵִʯ֮ǰ޷űڶ
Ȼûã³һѪҩٴɢһЩޣ˹
ĵһۣʣң
Ȼȴƶ


546 Ϲţ£

Ҳûʲôģֱӵͷǣ޵Ĳ²⡣
޵˫Ĺâ˿ϵĺڽ˵ֻˣɷһ®ɽĿ
ţ
΢һ㶣漴Ӧ˹ЦЦԼ
㣿
޿ĿȻ֮ǰɽ֮ϵļ棬ϳݣû뵽Ȼҡ
֮ͣҳݡ
ЦЦΪ⡣
֮ǰ֮ԴȻ֮ǰвԸֱ̤¼ҶϣĿĲ
һı¶ڴûŸΪɽư֣ӵˣֻ¶Ҫ¼ޱ߳ǣ̽ƻһ˵ĳЩδ֪Σա
ԣȻԸɥỶħ֮£֮ʱرαװʱҪġ
ˣ֮ǰʹ̤֪˳֣ޣŭգȴ֪˭ҪҲûĿꡣ
ޣȻûαװıҪ
һµޣ֮£ɫΪȲ԰ףǷ֮ʧϷһ˿һ۹֮׻ˡ
һ˫ڵ۾ؿۣȻЦ㣬ȻʲôңǾ˶ֻҪһգûͼ󱨡
Ǻǣܹˣĳҵ
ΪЦЦ˻֣ͻȻЦݵϣȴ΢΢һ
֮ʱһΪϣ޻Ҳ֮ȥӦ꣬
ɵЦȻһ˲̥նһּů֮С
һۣȷһɶõŮӡ
аص
ԹˣŮҲӦѩ飬ѩʫ˪ḡƷɣϾ飬ͫȣɫʤߡ
ԣҲֻ΢ʧôһ˲漴ͻعЦЦʱ˵ˣҸõת𵤣Ҳʱסһѣڵƣ޶áﻹ취ڵƲǡ
˭֪ԣȴֻǵһЦ˰֣Сһ׮ӲǣзԻָ壬ҪΪ޻һˡ
Ե
Ŀ¶棬صƣûʲôõİ취ɢ޵ޣҿ˺ڣз֪޾ȣ˶ѣ
Ҳû˵ʲôⶼԼ飬ܾȣȻãܣҲûʲô취ѣܴ̤¾һѾðĪķˡ
˾ˣΧ֮ڡ
Ļش֮󣬾ȻҲֱӾǰʽ΢΢£˫ϥһ족ʽ
Ȼִָ֮ϣһö˫ɫķ֮УȡһЩصԲ
ԲϺ֮ɫһһģ̥ͬ
棬ྭѪܣ飬һ̵ֳɫɢǿϢͬҶӵľ
ǣ
ȡȻԥһֱӾ̷ȥȻ˲䣬£ӿȳһɹ飬ϹһϢ
ţ
۾ţͿ·ۿɼ޻ѵľһɫϢ£Ѹٻָ½һ
ңЩָ½ľԭøӴ׳Ϊ͡
һ֮ǰǿϺɫԲһ㣬治һһģͬĻЩľĸ
ԪͬսȥΪ̲Ϊݡ
޵ΪЩԪĲ£Կֲٶȣٻָš

ʱһһȥתֹۣȥʱ
յΪָѨңڽ˴ɹŵԣһԣԲɵٴ΢΢һЦ
˫΢һţһŵأȻôֱվ粽ǰ
ղôصƣֻʱȻѻָˣҳϵϢԭĳɣģȻ֮ǰûʲô
ۿһ˴֮ˣָģɴ󾪣ĸо˼顣
ȻǰĮȻ볣˲ͬ
ʴӱѩֻɫɻʲô˲΢΢һЦǲں棬ʲô취ѸٻָΪƺƣ
ֵǹܣҾͲˡ
˭֪޵һЦ˻ֵ޷ҲûʲôãΪ֮£Ѿֻʣһöң˭޷ٸԭһյĹ̡
ԣ΢Ҳ˵ܹҲֻһθԭĻᣬ´ˣ糣һ㣬Ѱ;ˣ

޵ͷ޵ľˣС£Ȼ㣬Ϊ޻֡ԭһһһԣƻ֣֮ʮǰҳ뻨񶴸֮ʱѾ£Ǳ紫ţҵõ黨Ӻ϶ΪһΪ޴ԭ򡣡
ԭˡ
Ŵԣͷ΢Ҳ˵ղŹõģʣۻˡû뵽䴫ţ޻ֻһţ㾹õһٵõţһԣʣһţǡڴʱ

޵ͷʾĲ²⣺˲֪֮Ǵ۹֮꣬ԣֲֲ֮࣬дĸͬͬһͬȡݶ֮ܳΪϹʮ֮һԭ򡣡
Ǵ񶴸֮Уɵô˴˫֣֮һƪȷ˴ƻ֣֮ࡣ
ԭ׼ﵽѨ۷壬벽֮ʱٷۻ֣֮һٳ벽ûлᣬͻƷ֮
û뵽ȴڽҹỶİ㣬ˣֻٷۻ֮
޻ľϵӵмǿƸˣƼ֮ܣҷһۻ֣֮Ȼܹһҳ벽֮;ԭҲࡣ
¶ɫ΢΢һЦȴֵҲкôǱǴ˫ǰһٶ޻࣬ԭǿԣȴҲȻԶ֮ǰΪ󡣡
һЦĿâỶʹɲĶ֣Ա޻࣬͵ȴҲѡ
ţ
ɫ΢䣬֪֮޾ûôƸԭ֮󣬻ȥҶԷ鷳ˡ
ǶԷ˽£Ҳ޷Ȱ裬ֻõ̤ǿߣʵǿƺħĪ⣬ܹƳʵûȫָòҪʱ֣ɽڣûա
Ȼס
޵˵ͷԭҴӻ񶴸֮У֪ɽ̵ܣ鵽ɽԲһ޻࣬ȻɽƬҹҹǰȥҪȡ
棬ֻû뵽¼ҾȻҲѿڲ࣬İٶ꣬ǿɽᣬΪɽƬ˳֣һʱ⣬˰㣬˳𲻹졣
ţԭˡ
˵ͷס
֪ʯڵ쳣Ϊ֮УһɽƬ
ޣȴǴϹŻ񶴸֮У֪ܣ̽
¼ңȴ׼ǿʯ֮еɽƬ֮˷ֺȾָ
ڣ޶뿪Ҳ֪¼ңڰǿɽôˣǲѾȡȡ͵ղ
Ϊ汦ޣɶûô׷
ڣҲˣ²ֻ¼ңޣλǰԶޱ߳ǵɽۣ֮һͤǿߣֻҲԼ֪һЩɽƬܡ
ֻҲ޹ɰ꣬ԿһͤƾΪһʤ
̸ϣѾ׼ȥ׼յսʿ꣬ͬʱ̽һɽ֮ڵľǡ
֪˼Ҳû
صûһʱԻرֻܵȴպ󣬻Ҫ֡
ΪδԴһʱ䣬ڴ˱չأָΪںϻ࣬Լս
ˣʱڣҿûɽԣĽʿޣֻ¾ͲμӲˣ£̡
á
˵ͷʾ⡣
ԭɽٿʱ䣬ֻڽʿ޿ʼ֮ǰ񣬵һ죬˲֣ͼ֮ϡ
ڶҹͱ̤⾪һսɽƬ
ǵ죬Զ
죬ǽʿʽٿʱԣ޵ڣȻָƣҲֻﵽѨڵΪϳ衣
ҪǣȻʵҪϳһʼ϶ʤǣʱ¼ң϶ȫǴ;֮˵Ӱ棬ٳޱ߳ǣҲϲ֣ʱޱ߳ǣͶ
ԣʱ䣬ȴΪãΨһϧ˴˽ʿޡ
ԭͶ̨ôȤμ⽭ʿޣиμɽᣬ̽ɽƬܣʹ֮ʧۣ֮಻е̫ʧ
ټ֪Լʵڽʿϣȡøǰ壬ϣϾǰʮԣ˶һЩ޶壬ȻðΣա
ԣĿǰ˽Ҫ
״ҲûжһʯȻ򣬳ޱ߳Ƿض


ʮ߼ ħ֮Ӱ


547 ϣ
ʱ֮Ѿصޱ߳ǡ
һ·֮ϣȻսţ¼ҵĵѲߣɽָ˱Ŀһˣ¼ҵûлɣ롣
صޱ֮߳صһ㣬ȴ
Ȼûãɽ򣬶Ȼһ𣬴һ󻩣漴ǵĽâɢһƺƾԣֱͶȥգûӰ
ɽƬ
ֻһۣϳʱף˶ʱ׼¼ջʧˡ
ɽƬϾϹֻһƬҲ¼׿Բ׽ģѹʱգǻˮһգæһ
аˬȴɫûһ㣬ǿƬȥķ׷ȥΪ֪ǰ׷ѹ򣬸ҵ
ԻޣǽұԼҪôĻɫҪôͷ¶棬һͨƷУ˭Ҳ졣
Ȼ¼Ҳܵİٶ꣬һֱûҶ֡
£ΣǿȡϾû㹦򣬻ʧˣӶȥ
ӵһɽƬ֮ӦֻҪ֪пܣҵټ
ʱ׼ʿ޵Ҫ
ֻҪɽƬûбȵõӵҵģĪ㣬޻ָΪɽ֮һǰȥ
ʱ˺°
ڵõ֮ķ䷽ţ޲Լʧ

һޱ߳ǣڽҹĻٴء
¼ҵˣڵʲ棬¹ؿѰˣܿϧע޹
ϾѾָ˱ĿʹҡڳǰҲʶ
ޣ֪ⷬʣûسǣԶʱڣ϶ڳţֱΪָŻ
ư֣˷ܵУ˵ɽͻʣ¼ɳѲһӣ֮һ޵䣬ȴ֪ⷬʣҲвСĹϵ
֮һ
ǵߴߴЦЦû˵Ҳûд㣬ھ͸ࡣ
⣬ư֣Ҳ̽ղţǵޱ߳Ͽշɹʱޱ߳Ǻܶң֣ɳ˸ȥȴ޹
˷׷׻ɣʲôư֣ԼҲɳ˼ȥ̽Ϣһ񣬿ֻ
Ҳ治ѣɼĬ΢Цֱ˾ŹϷţϢһ۾žâ
ɽƬ

תۼ䣬һҹʱ䣬ȥˡ
ӷ߳ư֣ӵȣѾȴ
߰ɣ
һЦޱ߳ģޱ߹㳡ȥ
Ѿһ޴ޱߴޣҲǽĽʿ޵ľٰء
֮ǰǷ޹ز̨࣬սʤ߱ݣʧȥ֣ʧܣͽսʸʤԵ
̨Աߣޱ߳ǳûг֣ǵһŴ첼棬һ콭ʿ޵Ľ˳
ʤʮޱ߹ѫ㣬С굤һš
ʤ峡һޱ߹ѫ㣬һš
ʤʮӵвμϾʿ޵ʸ񣬽ޱ߹ѫ٣Ʒһߡ
һڶޱ߹ѫһǧ˰٣ٵ㡣Ǯööһö
⣬һޱ߳ǳṩƷ̽ѩһߡڶṩ׵öһģˮͫ
ģ壬ֱǰʮз͡
ЩʮʤȻҪǿ࣬ǣһڶ˵Զֵһᡣ
ǣˣЩɲɻȻá
֮ǰ̨һܻõǮٴγ֣ҵһڶ֮⣬˻òƵޱ߹ѫ㡣
⹦ѫ㿴ûʲôãʵ۵һԵޱ߳ǵĳؿУѡȡһЩıֵơ
кܶ˸߼չޱ߹ѫ㣬ûνʿ޵λ⣬ֻޱ߳Ҳó˶ޱ߹ѫΪ
ޱ߹ѫ㹻࣬뻻ȡְΪޱ߳ǵĹԱ֮һһȨ
ãڴһˣⷲ˵ֵһᡣ
ڸţгĵӣȴջ޴Ϊ壬Ӱһ;ӵкܶޱ߹ѫ㣬ޱ߳ǵĹԱΪǵĵӣȻܻĺô
Զ˵ޱ߹ѫΪҪ
ҪȡְҪޱ߹ѫ㣬ȻһС֣ܶ˲õóˣҲں
Ľ۾һޱĶ


548 У
ʤõС굤λ鼶Ʒ鼶ƷУҲǼϡ٣һࡣ
˵ҩܾ꣬ʮ󣬱ϾֻҪǸ˾֪޵УָܻٽΪĵҩܶ棬Ƶģȴ֮١
С굤Ȼʮֲ֮͡
ʤ峡õǴ񵤣Ʒ׸ߡ
񵤣λ鼶Ʒһյһ˿쾫УĵãѨ۷µĵӣá
ԣ񵤣ȻǳƽǴӣˣ;á
ʤʮܻƷһߡ
֮ǰǷޣʤʮֻǻһƷֱƷҳƷ֮⣬ޱ߹ѫ㣬ȻԭҪ󣬹صöࡣ
Ҳ˲ԵýʿޣԭǷޣλҪߣҪҪöࡣ
ƷһѨӣпܻã˴ţеʵλĵӣӵһ
ʹڸСУҲӰƩ磬˿ٵµġޡһƷ֮ͩеġĽһƷ
ǽһСС׺ɽׯׯףӵһƷԺ׽ĵֵʹãһս
ԣƷȻ࣬٣˻лõϣ
Ʒȫͬ
ƷһֻһЩң˴֮вӵС
Ʃ磬󣬱˿ϼɣ󣬱ȣޱɽׯȣЩͰɣδӵйһƷ
ֻң¼ңңң¥е¥¥ȣӵһƷҲ൱֮ղţײ붯
ԣڣޱ߳ȴͨ˵ֻҪʤʮϣлᣬһƷȻƷδػᾡ⣬ǣȴѾջΪ֮ۺ죬ˡ
ǶЩСţС˵һõһȥΪ֮к
ⲻɵǲ
ˣЩ֮ȴƽɵ
ϾȻ֪Ʒޱ߳ǳȻҲɵӣĳȻҲһϲӵмƷҲԲࡣ
óΪ͸ʤʮϵ֣Ȼƶ̫࣬ĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ԣ֮ǰʮʤޣʮ״ﵽ⽭ʿϣǿ̨ͬҪȡͬʮʤ϶ϼѣһļޡ
һЩȽѵˣȻûбôäĿֹۡ
ڸֶԣǼ޵񣬵ǣȴֻսѡ
ңԽıԽܼ˷ܣŬ
ԣЩˣѾĿ⣬׼˳䷢νǰʮǰڶһĽ
Ĳ룬ܽǰʮܻõޱ߹ѫͽڶһǮƷ׵ͫһ
Ǯ˵ʮöܽĴʥأд塣
棬ԵõΨһǲƷ
ңߵʥصԿףǮкܶĹãεһ㣬Ҳȥһһö൱һƷֵȻ޿ɹ
Ȼû˻ôɵΪⶫǮ򲻵ȥӵ֮ȴδȥȡͬȼֵıǮˡ
ǮƷ̽ѩδ˵鵤׵ϡͫˮͫǷ
̽ѩȻ˵ΪƷֻޱ֮߳ϣȡõһܻá
Ʒ󣬱˵ڽ󣬾޵磬ҲǴŵӣѵӵС
׵Ǻ߲һĵҩߣ˼飬ĵҩÿһöϡ֮
֮ǰνʤʤ壬õЩС굤񵤣ڷУҲ󣬵ö׵ǰʲôˡ
˵˵ܴǣһã˲Ӿͷô࣬ţʮͷ
ߣ˵һѨڵ߷ˣʱƾֻ¾ͿԿһѨǿߡ
ϱʵԿѨ۷壬пܡ
һˮͫһŶص۾˵ܴ֮ˮԪ׺֮ܿˮϵرһЩⳡѰ֮Уǡ
ԣһЩƫţȴҲ൱õǧ
֮һĽʿޣȻҲ֮ܵǰֳǵĴ̼ˣԶ죬ҾϡУǳһδѪ
ڸպзݲμ콭ʿ޵ĸңɵӶԣòϢ

ʼ
֪ս֮󣬺ܿ˲ʼį̨һս
ˣȻҲԸ󣬷׷׳֣һʱ֮䣬ޱ߳ڣȻ죬ձѩȣȺޱߴ֮ǰʱ̨֮ϣѾֻʮˡ
ˣһսܣˣָܼ峡ģʱһûС
ⲻ˵ʵˣǡǡ෴˶ʮʤϲܵõʸʵԶֻǣΪԵģҲǺԼһεĶ֣սøңҪʤȴֱϼѡ
˷ܣ˾ɥ


549 £
ûмϳ
ʵ˵ʤʮѣѵֻǣȡòΡ

տʼʱ䣬۲һ±˵ʵȵֶϹг֮ϳ١
һ죬Ĺսʱйȥ
ѩձãΪ֪Լûʲôϣǹʶһ³ģԶȥսΡ
ϣ˶ֻ峡ͰȡʮʤǸ֮¡
ʿޣ֮ǰǷޣȫͬȡʮʤѶȣʮʮٱֹ
Ҳֻ˼ʶһ̬ȣʧ֮󣬵Ҳûжɥʧ
һΧ˴սʴ˸߲ңƻڲѡ
ֻư֣ˣûͻѨ֮ǰʳǷϣҲûȡʮʤĳɼûвμޱ߳޵ʸûϳ

ڶգڹսжȹ
һգҲмӱϹ쳣ʵս
磬֮ǰɽϣйʱֵʿݾ㣬ȡʮһʤΪһӱǿߡ
ٺ󣬡¥Ӻɽ³һϮ£ЦݺͰɽ룬Цﺬʱڸк͵ϣ¥һװƷѧƣû磬뻯
ɼʮʤ
Ȼɼ̫⣬ȡ˳ʮʤվϾʿ޵ʸ̨
һմͷǿߣԦҵĵӣɡɡ
ԦޣһһأһһһǰһҼйԦްΧսӣһҰ¶ɫ
գȡһˢ˶Ŀľ˳ɼʮһʤΪһˡ
գս
һգð˼޾׵ĳɼԽ˷ɡɣˢ߼¼
ɵ׾ʮʤ
˿ٵ£ʮʤ
ĿӡǺӣʮʤ
ա
֮ףͩʮʤ
ޱɽׯɣʮʤ
¥ӣӡ£ʮʤ
죬ÿ춼оս֣սδֲ
֮ǰڸֳȡùɼ֣ڣֱȡʮʤʮʤɹϾʿޡ
ὣŵӣһԣȡöʮʤΪһˡ
ˣеĸ֣ϳˣֻм֣ڹ
ȻǵĿ꣬˲ͬһ㹻ǶǳȥģԶȵ
ʿޣѾٿ죬ʮ㣬ʣʱ䣬ֻ졣
һһ켤ҡ
ǣʿ޿ʼ죬ڲ׼ٵȥˡ
ս
ĵһ֣߻ᣬ߻֮һĵӡ
ΪΪѨڣһʮʽҲʹģϧ
УԷ̨£һʤ
ϼʵĵӣսܣʤܿ۵ʤ
ֻʤܳɹϾʿޡ
һ̨һ£ͼĿ깫ӡ
¥ӣˣָ̣
ţ
ŶԷӶԷϣܵһӿȵĿϢ
֡
ֻǵһۣ϶Էôೡϵĵһĸ֡
¥֮һ¥ĵӣȻҲС
֮ǰԣһʵпܿ׾
ǣ𼸷־ӦսǷӳʵʮ֮Ȼӵʮ֮ģǿգʮ֮ҵʵŽ̨Ҳɰ
Լʵ֪Ѩڣѷɫһ˵Ѩ۷壬ټϸǿƣƷǿб˵ʵһܽסʵоͲ
ˣеľ֣ȴʵҲС֪ˡ
ʤΪһս˿Ŀ£һЩ֣׷˱ܡ
ǣʤһ·ӣֱʤʤȻ⣬ˮɣҲûʲô赲ģֱͻʮʤ
սûʲôֳʮʤʮʤʮʤʮʤ
ڣ˿ȥˡ
ৣ
һ£ݵṫӣԾϸ̨һ˫ԵЩɱ
ӣǧɱָ룡

̨´󻩡
ְԵĸײ
ǧɱָһ֣ٱԴ츳ˣΪ졣
ʳǡһĵӣȴ֮ǰʳǷϣȡùʮʤĻԻͳɼţ桱
ˣǽͤʮ֮һһ̣ǿǿײ⻹ǽʿ޿ʼôһͤĵӵľս
һʱ֮䣬ǧĿ⡣
룡
Ŀһ࣬ҲӶϣܵ˲ͬѰԷĿ⣬ΧĿ絶һƬƬƮ䡣
꣬Ҫ֮ǰ¥ˣҪ£ǿöࡣ
Σսս
Ѫڣ֮ǰսһֱһϷ̬ȣʹˣ಻ʹڣһֵһЩĶ֣˻

һ֣ʹ߽׻ü֮һ̳һʮɸ߻ǽŽָΧС
ָһЦмһˡ
С
һ֣ϵǼɫ£Ȼֽ⣬Ȼ󻯳ɫëɢ׷ɣһ޴ëܿĻǽȫˡ


550 һ
ξ
ָһ˾Ȼƾʧһ̣һöƮըʾָӰȻȻǽι
ʵ
ͷöϸëͬʱһȻɳȻΪһϸСİ׽ֱüġ
̹ǣ
һֻ̣ǰ׹һɰ𻯳ɵĽȻ͵ǰٶ죬ڰ׽üĵ˲䣬Ȼһëըĸо
ħ
һߣη壬ûгֻ֣ԺУһ
һʱü֮ǰһڰײת̫Ǳϸǰ
ۣ
һ죬ڰ̫漴ըѣϸҲ֮ȫ»ΪöϸС𣬷ɻָǰ
е͡
ָ⣬ȻĮΣһУǧɱ

Уɳëȫٴξ£һȻÿһöΪһϸСϽͬǧǷɹͬʱ
һʱ䣬һ£Ȼһ޼᲻ݣ޿ײĽǡǧɱָĳ쳹һžС
̨ôҲ޷ܣָĹѾȫ£ǰңȫˣ޿ӣ
ңЩ·ǧһëǵɱ֪ԼӣָһУȻкС
ʱһӣԷƣ˹衣
ˣսȨ䵽˶ԷУһգƾȨԼǣȻȡʤ
ǣôô
ǣһ˿Цݡ
ȻܲǱǿӲƣ
䣬һһֻζʱĳ֣ҲǴԽԽ
գۣڶָ̨ڶΧȺ֮У;ļΣգǴʮɷԲΧУȻðɫ⡣
͡
һ𣬺εΧʯɽȻʼ޷ƿ
ΣȻԽԽԽԽ󣬽չҪ̨С
ã
ǧɱָһθожݣʲôôҴû
漴ת䣬һߡ
ߣеֶΣΣ
ҾͲţƲķ
ɣһۣ

˲䣬ǰ߱·ɻߣȻȻ£һγһԼʮɣԼɵľ޴ɫë
ˣ˸ŻصϢܣȻ΢СİɫӰ֣ͬһСķɣʤ
ξ㣬ɾ磬û뵽ȻһʽҲˣ
ָ֪ǿһУΪǧɱû뵽ǾȻһӣѧȻɾ磬һڶ೤ϣԴﵽľ硣

ˣҲɷ׷׷̾ؿ̨ͻȻָٻһڹιλаƷ⣬һ˲㡣һھͿڶҪҪԪԪڣĲѨڣѨڡ
㣬һа벽ǿ߲ſҲˣ츳ﵽ־磬޳Ϊ֮û뵽ԭΪָʹǿҲֻһӣΪൽɾǼޣû뵽Ȼﵽ˵֮
һ㷲ɣɣɣĵɣɣɣ߲˲ɵۡ
ȥ
̨֮ϣ˿Լһ׷¶ľţͻɣĿ⣬ָдˬȴɫһָָԼȫһٻĸ߽׻
һΣۣ
ʹѾ˾֮˿ֲȰ벽һҲ˲Ƴһ󶴣ɳɢգۼ䣬ǱѾǰ
ۿҪһ̳ɸ͸¡̨£˵Ķһᵽɤۡ
ʱվԭصȻգգ۾΢΢һЦ
һ̣ΣȻҲԭʧˣȻ֮ǰָëܹЩơ
ʲôҲι
˳ɵ
ԣ
˲˷Ӧ㿴Ǳߣ߰˸͸Ӱ˵ʹõģʲôιǻǲУĿ⣬ָһģһ߻Ӱѡ
Ѳ֮С
Ȼ
˻䣬ӰϢָһָ࣬ΪԼǿһƱһƵУȴû뵽˷Լ
ָҪˣ
˾̾

Ҳɵ˵ͷǿһûл׼˺·ָ֮£ܾѶ
Ȼ
һ̣һʵ޻ȴһ̵ִĸоϾ޹ıָܵĲϡ
ָһŵػعͷͿվ
ٿԼϵĽڣָı飬ӻɣձ˲⣬һЦ
ˡ
Ƭ̣ڲòʵһڣ̨Ҳûмȡ֡
ȻȻòģ˾ˣĿ֮£
һ
𱦽΢΢һЦ鲻䣬ƽˮص
̨ˣһȻþû˶Ҳ˸ϳ֮һս澹Ȼݵ˽䡣
Ȼָ֣֮ʶһƥͨĺƥ̫ڣ̫ǿѾԭΪ֮ӣΪĶ֡
ôˣֻ´˶Ķˡ
Ȼսսݣʤһ·ǣʮʤʮʤʮʤʮʤʮʤ
ʮʤ
գڵʮʤ֮ϣһ̨
ϼɴӣλó¡ġ
һǿĶֵ֣սʮųƣ֮ڣһһ֣ʲô¡
˶۾ٴοһ֮ͤսһսĽ쳣档
ʤʮʤĲ񻰣ĳʤܴ˵ɾԼĲɴ˵
ĿԴ


551 ѧ
룡
롪
˻౧˱ȭǼȻ󣬼µĹӶ
λó¡һʹָľ֣治ɫ־ɵĶѧϼơ
һƮ翲룬ϼƣηɳӡȫѨ
Ӳӣ̻ӰŴ˼ĵطܶ
һʱȻףģĹԽԽԽԽңϼƵĳַҲӲ͹Ű壬Ҫζת
ȨԽԽϡ
ֹʮУ£̨µ˶óʤѾˣһ΢̾
ȻŲϻƣգڵһϣİܸ
һ֣ͤվ̨ȥΪɾĵʯ֮һ
ˣʮʤΪĵһˣ˶Ŀ
̨£˸ƣϳˡ
ʱһһֵĹȥޱ߳ϣʧһξûлˣÿˣϳĻᣬܣȡɼǴεʤɼУѡȡ
ԣ˲ģЩˣЩϿ̨ñС
ˣʤĿڲʮһʮʮܿ죬͵ʮʤ
ʱ̨̨һ֡
һŮӣ൶櫡
֮ǰǷʱͿڣͬעȡù׳ɼһӡ
ɼ̫ޣʮʤħ¡
ʱʮʤֻһ
Լһ֡
룡
룡
˵ʵ˭̨ϣս˽ʮҲ˵ȫӰ죬ǡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ƷѨİѨô˳ĵģֻҪжϳһֱֵ档
ΨһĻǣսƣģʧѨעƣ̬
ˣ櫵ŮɲĶ֣ڵһʮϣսܣʤʮʤ
̨»Ȼ
Ȼ˳ս˺֮
졣
ʮʤʮʤ
ؽһʮʤ赲
ڴʱоһĿ⣬Ͷ̨һȴȻһֵġꡱ
˲վһòܣϸȥ߷ֿʵмȴһģһֵܡ
Ũܣüŭۣһ͸һֲǵĸо
ǽ¥ĶӦӦֵܡ
ǣ
˿ֳʱϲɫҪˣֵܿ϶ǿһ·ʤͷ¾Ҫϳˡ
ֵܵʵδһǿ֣ݹ۽ֻһʤѩ˵һʤ༸ˣҲֻѡ
ֵܣħ£˾ϣ޵ˣеĽһϵ۷֣ʤѩһ֮£ָ֮Щ֣ͤҪǿϱ
ң֣˵۷ˣֵܣȴԭκ飬ֻһˣһһϣֵ̨ԵսУȻȡüƣذܣ
ҲϧѾﵽʮʤʱݰܣ಻׹ֻΪֵˣǿʱ򲻸ϳƣ͵ʱȴϳǶһҪ
ʤ޿ϲ޿ɱֻǣ뵽һ㣬ֵһ򽾰йˣʹֻ֪Ҳں
˵սʤ֣ԼϲˣսһܶԷǵ·ˡ
˵ȴһ׮£ǿֵܣǿǿ϶ֵô۸
Ψһźʤʮƣ֮ˣսעʳһԤڡ۷״̬ǱضǼ䣬𻨷Ǿ͸ˡ
ǺǣˣдһսǲСǵһ³֮һǺúÿ˵ѧʲô
ţۡ
Ȼ
˵ۣʤʤﵽʮʱٿȻһŭ𣺡
ȫپ
漴ɾ̧ͷȥͼ·һСɽѹ£̨Ϸһ
ȴһԿ۴Ĵֵֺˣ̨Ӵֲͣһ̨̨϶͵һ
ʼ˿ʼˣ
˷׷׾ֿʼϲΪһе첻ѡ
Ƕԣʤʮһ򼰵񻰣Էһ·ʤԼ֮ȣҲƺСЩ΢ЩȻ
ֵܣڽҲһֱ԰ԵƣˣҧԽңԽǱԽ֣Խġ
ңգֻҲֵܿܺǰ¶ģ¥ѧ۴ġѧˡ
϶ҲδƼĶһ֮ļ֮սʱ˺ܶ˵ȤûʼΧ㻶һ
Զ¥УصӰҲһ¾۾񣬴̨ϣȴ֡


552 ۴
̨ϡ
ֵԾ̨пٵгռǵϣҲ΢Թһ˿ɵ
ǽеļӵˣָģȻҲǽһһ֣ȶŵʵҲ㲻ʲô
Զֵܣͬ
ʴӱõ¥ϤѾΪ˽һһ֣ټǶһ֮ͨܣԼһرĶ֣֣ܲضԴ
㣬
棬ĶӦصȻ⽭̨֮ȡʮʤʸΪǵĶ֡ǶֵܣҲ͵ΪֹˣҪ˵۷㣬仹üȻɥˣˡûѡ
ǼǼϽ䣬̨ˡ
һԣֵܣӦӦ͵Ȼȫûае
ڱУǺУٴĺҲһСѣֻҪһ֣϶ֵն¡
Ǻǡ䣬ǻûǸʸ񣡡
һֱ΢ЦţӦܵĻ۾ȴǲɺһص
ãԼԹˡ
״ֵȻôУ׷Ϊǲʶ̧٣Ǹֱ뿪Ȼ鷴Լŭ
һۣĶӦһȣɷȭ
䣡
Ѹٹԭͱȳ˴һȦۣѸ¡𣬹ͣѣ¶ɫһֻۣɷӰܡ
ȣ
һȭҳ̨ϿգȻһȻһ̶˺֮ţһɫӰצֱ
̺ħɷľ
ħն
Ҳֵ࣬ܶӦܣ״һӦŲϱ󣬱䳤ȻһϷһų
ȣгʣħһȵƣ˵已ֻ±һСɽҲһŲƽ
һ֣Ƿƾߣʧɫ̨֮ϣ˲˺ɱս̨£˷ܣһߺˣ
˷֮Ա
漴ַӦϽϢԴҴκһ棬Ӧԡ
Ƕ¼ĲѧɷȭħնֵܣһȭһȣҸպöǵ츳ӦȷѲ

뵽΢΢һЦͨѧŵУҲδϵ̨档ɷȭħնҲͽӽƷĳ̶ȣǰƷ־ѧʲôѧ㡣
ʮ־֮־
۾һգ⵱ڣȻڱ۾ȻʶۣΪһƻ
İ︴
޼䳤飡
һɫʴ˲סӦɷȭȻ΢΢һΣͽ䳯Ӧµħնķؾȥ
䣡
һ죬ѵص棬ֵ¶ﲻ⣬ŭ֮ɫ߹һȻֱϮȫýɶˤʮͣһ֮ɫ
̨£Ҳˡ
֮һӦӦֵܣϣԶһȻһϣûб˶ԷԷһˣѷɫ
Ȼԭ򣬵Ҳͬʱţʵǿ󣬲ֻʤָһ뽭󶥼ƽƽսʤ֮ʵ
ˣ·ǵһʶոջս˸ʮʤġ桱ʵ
ȻսûнܽΣͷؽһսٶȰθߵһ㡣
٣ڶӦӦֵܶ٣Ժޣ˾ϣħ£Щһ档

һ£ӦӦֵܣˣһŭٴαųħһ
ϣͬʱһصĻް⻪ͬһ֣Ȼһˡ
ٴδӰȻڿУʼںϣȻΪһɣԶԶ˵ʵĿֲܣϯ
ǽ¥Ľ۴ľѧ
ֵܣȻڶϾͱƵʹ۴ѧǲ˼飡
ǰǰǿǿ֮ǰʮೡսϷԷûоȫѡ
ţкϷˣֵǿģ⽣۴ľѧ˿Գ׷֮ͨģߺһɲһڴڶô򵥣ϡ¾ħ£˾ϵϳҲҪɵһ
ң¥⽣۴ľѧûô򵥣Խ˵ʵĺΪһɣҪǣѧǻۣԷ
һ£Σˣ
ţ
һߣҲɸоΣգ۾ͿһԶԼ˶Էܷӳľѧ֮ޣ񹦣ħһ壬һɿµ쫷ֱԼϮ
۴𣿾ӡģһȷǴˣ
ˣȻ䣬һЦǶʹݺΪһվҲֻǺϣǱһֻҪҵǵĽϵ㣬ֿսʤ
־ʵ


553 ѩ
һ˲ռţͬ޾ıˮ
ذﾲֹ
ӦӦֵܻܺƺС
̵һ˲䣬Уһֻ۾ƺ쫷Уһ˿һŵ

ԥһȣһתƻΪһն
Ѩ֣
ѸٱΪ׽֮ɫңңһնһƵʱͬն˶ӦӦֵͷ
˵֮ܺȻһ飬Ȼһ֣֮ͨжʱʧȻֲɾڳǰײȥ˲䷢ײ޴ıը֮
̨һΡ
ƥǿ⣬ܣ۲ˣֻо˫һʹȻݵʧȥ֪
ۣǰѱ䡣
ֵ˫˫󵹷ɶɫǱһѪȻش
Ƶ壬죬תһɫ飬סһйನһûһ㡣
Ȼ˫ͣʲôģģŬȥͼٴʧ֮󣬶ֵȻŭǳ΢һǵѪ漴ٴγϣһ
ȴʹá۴ġѧֱȥݸղһĻ
ˣ˵ʵﵽѨڵѨ۷֮䣬һ֮սʤ̨¾ųϵ֣ο˺
ʹá۴ġ˵Ҳѹ󲿷Ѩ۷壬ɱһİ벽
Ѱˡ
ԷӲƴƾһһֵܵĹսζķʽǵһݵıᡣ

ֵñףǶ͵ĵޣǺó
ƫƫ־ûƶˣм˻üǲһգ޹ʹΧƭ̲סӱ͸
һʧ࣬˱ŭɱǣսŶķת䡣
飬飬飬飬顭
޾̨ϿղϻӰ˸׷һܣżнҲʹ̨ٴξ𣬱޴죬ȴҲû֮ǰڶʱǿˡ
ֵǿǡ۴ġѧ־ȥ˾һֻûצϻȻͣȴԶֹķ
ҲΪ㣬սегǷԼĵѾɣֻΧߣӲӲҲ
ãȥҪС̫ɶˣǱĻԡ
УϾǸӦ̽ϸߣüͷһת
ãȺ֮㹥棬ҹ棬̨ҾͲţһֱӣӵ׷֮ĵز
á
˶һۣ¶˾ģ˲ıԡ
Ⱥҫ
Ӧ죬ָΪָʹóһн¥һѧ潣ָ
Ⱥҫеһʽ
Ⱥ׹䣬Ϊǽ⣬飬£̨һĳء
һߣĵܵܣӦܣǺٺһЦ̤أ
䣡
һűȻ̤£һ𵴲棬ȻһȻ̳ƥľ̨֮һĳ
һ£˺һһңеطǵĹǣ֮ʱӰҲ޷أƶڸ߿գ̨ܲµӰ֣ȫһա
״һЦǲС˰ֵܣȻһʼŭģʧǣһѹȷһѲĶ֡
Ƴˣ㻹ӣ
潣ָڶʽɽƵػ
Ӧһȣָһһν࣬ȴˣһ۾ɽһչһָϣȥҪ·
¾񣡡
ӦҲ֮ϲ֮һƴһţֱѡ
úãȻ֮޹Ǿʹһս
״ҲԲˣѵһǿĶ֣ǱȤ
к־ǧһк
䣡
˫ḧ̨֮ϣʱ˲ӿУ΢
ܣʱͬȻε󺣣һ޴ˮ֮ŰϮһɫֱֵָܹɽԼվ޽ţͬʱϯȥ

һʱ֮
ɫ΢ףڵȴʮȥ߰ˣվ̨֮ϣҡҡ׹ȴԾ΢ЦŶ滥ŵһֵܣ˵ΣԸսȥֻҪǻĳ㵽ס
ԣĶֵܣɫѿ˵ǣһ˫ߵţұߵ࣬ﻹս
գһ̨ʤֵܣܣ
Ү
̨£Ŵԣձѩư֣ӵˣȻһϲɫѡ
ˣãԼ۾
ֵһɫ޺޵ؿվߵһۣգ˵ͷ桯ǰɣֵܼסˡԺɽתˮתڣֵܣûⳡʤһ졣
ڴ֮
ԣҲ޾ɫ΢Цص
ߣߣ
ֵܻţԵ̨Ȼվ̨ϣȻϢ΢ȴȻͬһ㣬âɣĿʹ˵۾
սʤ˶ֵܣڽʿϵһشˮ롣
ζţӵһͨʶ۷һСȺ֮һ˽ʽϿݣޣ˾ϣħڽһʤѩ֮¡
ͬʱʮʤΪֹƵĳɼཫһʱ۷塣
ˣʹʱѣȻûˣ̨ս̨·һƬš
ֵܣսˣ˭Ƕ֣
ңʱϳ˵ܿһٳɹջǣڳô۾ţͷȴʵڲ֪ңǲҡ
ȻڴʱһµԶңңǣܷˣֵĳһᡣ
䣬ٿȻһ̨̣֮ϣѾһͷ۵ṫӡ
һվƺ͵ص֮⣬ʹովʮʤվǰҲɵѷɫ
ʤѩ
һ̨̣£ǼžȻȫ廩Ȼ
˶վֱӣ֮ǰʤսʤ˶Ӧֵܣֻǵһۣûжٱɫħ£˾ˣͬʱ΢΢۾
еڿϳôνģһˣ
ֵܣçսʤǣʲôɼˣΨһĿģǻһ㣬ʤѩ
ϣͬʱǿҵս⣬̨ϣǸ۹ӣƺӦˣȻعͷ΢΢һЦڵлģλġ
仰һڣƣȻͬʱһ׹ȻʧӰ١
˴󺧣뿪ڣȻѾſڲܣˣ̨ǸӰĿ⣬ȫĤݣ羴Ͳš
ʤѩ


554 ֮䱦˫
ʤѩ
̨ϣȻҲ˵ۣͫ΢΢һ
Ȼǰ˵ݣҲЩԤϡ
˵˾ϣޣħ£ӦӦֵܵˣֻǽ󶥼⣬½Ųţʤѩɾȫһˡ
ǵ֮Ľһһˣн֮ơ
Ĵ棬κһǿߣֱ׷һЩǿߣµĸ·֣Ѿʤɾһ콾
Ȼ֪Ҫ棬û뵽̨սֱ̨֮սԼ⻹ǳ֮⡣
ԺУɷӹһЩйʤѩĴš
˵ʮԪʮﵽѨ֮ѾѨ۷壬ӽ벽ĵزˡ
ڵͣʮꡣ
ɼֱǺţ˵һأǷ޵磬ǰѳһλ

̨ϣʤѩԶŶԷ̨£Ҳǲ۷׷ס
ôͻȻˣԭΪһŻ֣ѹϳõһء
ǰҲ룬ȴû뵽죬ͻȻ֣Ϊս⻹һš
кϷˣֻǣϧǣովʮսӦӦֵܵһսѾĵ״̬ôʤѩȲĸս
ҲǹһȻԭǱذܣڣǺ޿ͷһսֻʮж֧ŲˣʤѩĪ˵ģ
˵£ھ󣬾㲻ҲʲôãҲʹһҪԷ״̬ѣˣ
һ˷Ϊ˶ΪʲôҪôأ
˵ķǰֲɳĬһʱ˵ΣӲصҾţˣǺúÿžˣʧ
Ҳǡ
Ҳ׷׸ϡ

̨ϣʤѩһϮ£ϵϢ翶־ͬɸ߷֮ϵɣ΢Цƾȥ
ŶʮֳϿҵ˵ºôͷĳϲֽύһҲУ֣֪־սƣȻʱռıˡڿڴϢұ֤ûϳţΪ״̬Իָ۷壬ʹһսΣ
ŶԷ۾УҲŨŨս⣬һ̨ºѹѹӵΧ۵ȺǲɵһüȻû⣬ǻͬô
˵꣬һָ̨ԱߵೡС
ʤѩ΢΢һЦڳ㣬ģܴ
˵꣬Ŀ΢ת̨һһӹԱߵೡϣڵգ̨ΪҶ˶ͣգɷ񣿡
ɣɡ
мʤѩĿɨææǰһWϿֵصбϹϾûа㲻
ȻڱˣǾ֮£ʿޣһˣһ仰ͣʤѩ£ҲݣλñԸΪ顣
ʹǿζĵȴް㲻ġ
ȻԣȴǺȻ΢΢һЦ˵ȻҶûҲҪǴҵĸܣαΪǶˣҽ̨ءɣҲˣ絽ΪֹԶս֣죬ֹ̨ʱ̣ң̨֮ϣһս۷ԾΣ
ţ
ʤѩԣգգ۾漴ʹһЦã䣬ҿǲˡȻˣҾ͵졣ֹ̨ʱ̣ڴˣ۷һս۵
ڴ
˵꣬һֱӷ̨ȻټսȥˣܽǲǻǿȡüʤûʲôˣպʤѩһսҪضԴ顣
ʤѩ״Ҳ̨֮һѾʧ
ԶԶأԴʱӭңǰս

ʤѩȺʧˣȻȫһƬžþ˵
ȻһսӳˣǣʤѩͻȻµһ֮սĳҡѣԿԼ顣
ڴܣ桭
С
ʱ˵أһս
۾Ѿð˹⣬׼ȴŹۿ۷һս˾ϣħµ˵ɫȴѿһЩ
ʤЩһսΪһս۷һսǲǰǺ
һսһս۷һսʲôʤѩⲻǰţ˵˲ˣ۾Ȼɺһ
˶ûĬĬҪҲ֪󣬿϶ʤѩһ˵£ʱһսȻлᡣ
£õʸ˵
һ񣬼žƬ֮󣬳
˶̨֪϶ǸֱӿҪõʣµĽֻпʱ䣬նʤˣлᡣ
˾ϣħ£Ⱥϳһ·ͨ裬ԻʮʮʤѾʧ˵ָģ櫣ӦӦֵܣҲٴϳ
УָնʮʤʮʤʮʤӦӦֵܣȻ£ɶˣȴֱնһµ֡
ʮʤ
ʮʤ֮ϣң˾ϣħˡ
⵹˵Ϊֵ񣬶һˣȷ̨֮ϸΪ㡣
ֵսУʱܿȥ죬ܿ쵽
ޱ߳УҲΪʤѩͻȻ֣һԼս÷з죬ޱ߳ǣ㳲˿˶ޱ߾֮£ʹŹۿһս
ʱư֣ӵȣҲȺϬľһ죬ޱ߳ʽƳģؿˡ


555 
ĿҵȻư֣ӵȣûпĵڸһΧڣӵ˲С
ȣΪޱ߳شӣޱ߳˿Ȼۼ̨ǣһ̨ΧʹΧٴҲݲˡ
ԣܶʮ磬߽иϹֵˣӵޱ߳ǵطһ¿ҵȻһݵע⡣
ΣǣԴʤѩⳡ֮Լһޱ߳УʮУپ߳ڴͻȻð
һ֮ǰδҵʵѾ˵ߣע⡣
죬ʽҵޱ߳и̻ԣһЩפɵӣˣȻյϢ֪һĴڡ
ټϣʹͳͳЩͳͳȥʵƾڵλãضΣټϳӵľӪֶΣ漸һ޶ĻϾƷһЩֻŵӣпܻõϵԴ
벻ѡ
ԣȻʵûô˼캣֮ϣֻǽΪԼݵһأԼӽ¼ҵһ壬ǣ֮ջ
һУʱ˿̣Ҫٺͽһ˵һսư֣ӵȣȻ徲վսʱ̵֮ǰ˭Ҳûд
Ȼ˶֪һֱھбչصʵϣѾ˸С
չصǴʯңȻ紵Ȼһ
ư֣ӵȣȵʱ֣ʱ࣬׼ȥǰޱ߳ǴޣμһսʱȴȻ㲻ֻҲûȥȴ·˼һ㣬ʧ١

ʱյתɳ©
ҹ
ʱھУչشȡվսʼ֮ǰ״̬۷壬״̬ӭս⽭һ˵Ȼ۾һ¹䲻֮أȵ˿ĳβһ
ڰУƺһ͵ӰվǴ˿̣֮ˣȴͦñֱ˻ɤӣ˵Ҫ֪Ϸ˭ȱܹʮŵУ׷Ϸ˵ɣ
˵ָ꣬䣬ȻһССηɵһ˦ɵͻΪһĿ׹⣬Ȼֱϥ֮ϵ˫ü֮䣬ƺҪʹɱ֡
鲻䣬һߣ˫һҪȥ
ȴȻ֣׹⵽ǰٶȶȻ죬ȻȻһȻһΪΪģķΪˣ浶˵ٲӰУһģ
ţþַ
˲ɱԼֻԼ֣Ҳ˺֮ģ˫ַ·㣬ڿһ̣һ̣˫ָ֮䣬Ѿһö䱡ֽ°ɫС
סСδüϸͼӰٴһȣ˫£
䣬ָһһһңСͬʱ࣬ƿնֱϮ˫硣
ߣȴһΣٵԾ¥棬ֱӳһݶ֮ϷԾȥ
ߣ
ûоư֣ӵˣֱһΣָ˲仯һƬƬӰöСƴ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
Ӱһһ٣ҹ£·糸ǣתۣӹһһطݡ
ǰӰÿҪ׷֮ͷɵ׷𣬶ҲûҪ˶Է˼ԲֻʹøַУȻ׷ȥƬ̼䣬һǰһ󣬾Ȼӳޱ߳ǵĳǽֱųһСɽȥ
㵽˭
ۼԽԽԶ󶼹ȥһʱ˾ޱֻ֮߳أЩͷˣһչٶȼӿ죬Ȼһ棬ߵǰ·ͬʱߺȵ
ԣŭֻǻͷȻһЦ׷Ϸ˵
䣬һƿն
һ·ϣԹеĿͷĲɣֵȷѡȡĽǶǵ꣬ǡòСպܹķôһѪۡ
һΪһֱͶʱ뱻ÿҪ׷ϵʱ򣬶Էôһ֣òֳȥԸ
һԷٴٶ裬ԭӦ׷ϵߣٴγΪ©֮㣬ߣͷɵŭա
ʱ˿̣ҲóߣԼ뿪Լ뿪ޱ߳ǣʲôĿģȴǲö֪
Ŀǰޱ߳ǵݲδ¶˵ΨһעĿģʤѩµһԼս
вһĪǣߣΪǳս
ǣĿʲôأ
ʤѩǰɱԼֲ֣
ʤѩݣλʵԲ飬ΪûбҪ
Уޱ߳Ǵ󲿷˵ĿУȻޱ̨֮ȡʮʤĻԻͳɼսʤָģ櫣ǶӦӦֵţӵ˲׵Ȼ޷뽭һˣʤѩᲢۡ
࣬ӵһսʸѡ
ȻһʤѩûбҪ˽ˣƣֶΣȴԼԼȱϯǲķ
ǣǰʤѩѵԼǸ޻̸֮
ȣԼȫʶԷԷȫûɡ
ΣʤѩȻֻһ󱲵ӣڽߣټĽһң¼ңҵģûмˡ
ߵʵٲԼ֮£һ˵ڽ󣬼ʹڰ˴УҲʵȨһ
ڽ󼮼ΪʲôҪԸʤѩԼ֣ȴҪԼһģСأ
ⲻ


556 ħ
ҹգǳޣ紵أУȴƿնĺХ졣
λζӰƷ·黯һӿһָ̣붯Ƭ̺󣬡죬ڻǽзٴν£С
ǰ߿һĻǺһЦݣǰԾȥ
һ£鷴ƽɴҲż׷ȥֻҪ׷Ѿ㹻
߼״ЩͷһۣǵȻı飬۾һת΢΢һЦĵ޶ǲ
ҲףˣĿģ׷ϣҲٶȣ֮ǰֶѡ
Ȼ㣬Ҳ⣬Ȧףż
һ߸ɴҲͲʲô֮̽٣ûٷзˣֻһζǰɿԶһߵľ޴ɫɽȥ
ৡৡ
ٿһǰһҹɫ£ӹزӰһɽҰ¹ȣڣɫɽ
ǰߺԥһݣѾǺɫɽ֮еĳһηͶȥ
Ų΢ͣһ˲Щԥ뵽ʲôĿоһȴٴٶȼӿ죬ȥ
ͬͶ֣˲ûڰɽģӰ

գֹۣȥһ֮á
ƣƺ֪Ŀĵأֻһ·ͷɱ
·ԲľԽԽïʢȴ·ӳĴԽԽĳɽ룬̤ľӰ죬Ƭ֦ۣǰ
ȻҲƬ̺ǰһǰȻһƧĹȡ
Ĺһ࣬һٲ齦񣬴ǡ
߻ͷһЦСӣϷɣ
˵βͣȻֱǵٲȥ
ɫԳһ£ǽ룬ȴҴ⣬£һ飬Էһ
ٲ֮ǰһգǰȻһƬ׵ľ޴ʯ
೤ңЩʪǽϻ̵̦޺ûһ㣬߶ٲŻͣʮɴصȴĵ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷҲȴͷȥ
˴˵أۼܼȻŹģʮȫתɣܲСģһŵһŸߣ߳ǰ
ԽǰԽͣʪ֮ҲԽŨƬ̺һ޴ĺɫʯǰ
ʯĳһģʯԶ
ǰģȻȻһ޴ޱȵʯΡ
ʯ֮УһȫãͷɢɢһĶζߣڿһǡ
߼粿޴ֱӴùǴѪѾ壬Ȼ֪˶¡
⡭
۾һ͵ؿߣһУģ
˿̣ɫ䣬۾УĹâ
˵֮ǰֻǺΪʲôҪˣ˿̣ȴΪߵΪߺޡ
Ȼû뵽Ԥϣʣֻ΢΢һЦңͲˡ
һɵ׷һ䣺ǣ
ߡǺǡһЦɫ˸գ˫ۣʮǰһλµǿߣС丸Ρ֮ơ
أչۣ丸Σ
͵أԺйâһ뵽Ŀģٿʯߣȴû׷ʣǿ˵ߣʲôˣգΪδˣ
ǺǣҾ֪ᶯʡ
һЦһͷһץУȻһ㱡Ƥߡ
µģ˫Ŀ磬Ȼһϣݡ
ݣԲܳһλͨϡ
ںףҵݣ˵ҲĳЩϵ֪˵ػһʣ
ػ壿
Ŀһ漴˼ص˱ϵ֮⣬һڰƽʱǱ֣ȴһжıı֮ˡ
ǧΣһΣĳɰͻȻ֣д˽֣ĿУػҲǳʥʣǲµһ֧
û㵹֪飬֪֮ػڵˣǲˡ
˵꣬ں΢΢һЦִһѾһãεƣһ
ۼ⣬ؿ棬һѪֱ֣棬һѳıȨ

üͷ΢ȻػˣֻǣƺûʲôϵУΪλˣִˣк⣿
ںһУѾٴȻߣ̧ͷ΢΢һЦˣ֮ǰ˵ػ壬һϵ
ʲô˼
о裬΢䣬˵
һЦǰ˴֮һˣһ㣬˵Ķ벻ԣ
ţ㣿
УͬˣȻ֪ԼݣһֱȥнƵһ죬ڻոޱ߳һͷ߾ȻͲݣд󺧡
Ͼƹˣ侪ȴɫֻǵֻʳһͨõӣô˴ųϹϵ˵Ц˰ɣ
Ǻǣʳһͨӣôޱ߳ǾϣӮʮʤܵʤѩһԼռһսأ
ߺǺһЦҲΪ⣬ҲϽƣֻǵУκ˶ףǲ˵Цģһ㣬Ҳ˵ȥ෴һ㱣סܣһпй¶ʵݵ
ɫ䣬ȴǧٸͷȴǵصŶ˵Ǻˣȴ֪ʲôĿģ
֪ԷѾʱ粵ƺ壬ɴ಻پ⣬ңԷԼĵˣȻѽԼݣһֺαطǵõȵҹʱ˷֮ʱĪ֣Լյ
ֻҪԷ󣬱лĻᣬţԷôҹԼˣ֪Լػ֮£Ϊһʱе£϶ʲôܣҪԼ
ô֮䣬кĿռ䣬ֱѯʶԷĿġ

Ļȴ˰֣С粻˵ꡣҲ֪ǰ˴ţһӣġ֪ǳͽתͥż󡣡
š
ԣɫٴһ䣬ȴû˵ʲôֻǶԳơںסߣ˵ȥ
߼ɫ΢΢һЦ˵Ҫǣĸףλ֮һϾԣҲ˵㣬ػ壬һϵ
ϾĸףҲңǷһϵڣţԽǵ̸зǳشá
Ŷô
ʱ鷴ƽȻʲôԷҲûбҪٲҴš
ֱʵػ壬һֻбֵ۹Σشʣޱ߳ǣĪǣǲ鵽ʲôΣ۹ľ޴Σų棬Һ
С˵ʹ졣
߹һЦĴָŵ֪С֪ʮ½Ĵһ֯Ӱ֯ԳħȣħУа˲ħʮȸ߲ǿߣ֮£̡֡ʹӰڡ
̲𰵴̣սʹǱӰ̽Ϣռ鱨
ħȣ
ǵһ˵֣ҡҡͷʾ֪ҲףͻȻ˵ʲôħȡʲô˼
ߵɫһ˲֣мļ¡
С϶ΪȻħȵĿ£ǣԴʮǰػһ֪ħȵĴڣһ֮̽ȴɴһΪ𺳣Ϊ䣬۸޵һʵ
ʲô
ԣȻɫ䣬ʩһ񣬵⡣
֮ǰ֮ԲΪȻȻΪԹħ̣аɣӿֹ֪ٹһʲôħȣûб
뷨ֻ֯ǳ֮ʱеӰ죬ֻҪ˴ŷ֪ɱһΧˣ϶ɻ𣬸޵磬첻ʲôӰ졣
аɣǳʢһӰ쵽˴ţʢضᵼ¸֯꼻һ֣Ϊ̡
ħȣؽˡ
ߵĻУħȣȻ۸޵ʵɻȻо̬ˡ


557 չ
Ǻǡ
߿ɫɬһЦ˵ħȳ֮ʱһʵҲǺ⣬ΪһССɣֿɽˡС£ֵػעҪ˵֣һ⡭
˵һ£һЦЦУһ˿ڣһ˿ʹ
ãƻظ飬һ˵ʮǰڵĵɽؽ磬һħȵķֻᣬʥ̡
ʱǻ֪ʥ̣ħȵķֻ֮һֻħʮ֮һϽµļСֻ֮һǵĽǾµļʹ
ʹħ֮һ٣λҪһλʮλʹߵʹʹ
⼲ʹǾµʹ֮һطףȻ࣬ʹʹ
һʱΪҪ£ǰŸִһײʥӤѪаһλػʹɱ
ȻλʹҲأζǣÿһλػʹ֮ʱҪĹҪǣΪҲһͣٶѨкϣѧ
һλ֣ȻħһλССʹƴ˸ͬھҪ˵ħ֮Уĸ߲㣬ʮͰ˲ħжˡ
ţ
ԣҲˡ
һλʹߣħײԱ֮һܽһλػɱ
ʹλػ壬дĳɷݣʵػ֮УҲ㶥⣬֣ⷬҲ𾪵Ըˡ
Ҫǣػ壬ػȻ̫࣬ҲܳΪһ֧ص
󾫶࣬ÿһػѡΣҪɸѡ㿼飬һɹǾĹЧңԲܱѡ
ˣħһССʹƴˣ˵Щʹ֮ϵ˴󲿷ػʵ
ǵħ͸ˣ˵Уһ֡
һڴ֮ǰȻֱ֪ػ巢֮̽󣬲ŷǵѾɲ⣬̽Ϊ𾪡
˵ħȣÿһ˵ݣ쳣أͰ֮УвǵǱ
ˣ¹Ÿ߲㡣
ǼСģϵʽʮأĿǰΪֹʹػĹϵ鱨಻޳ʮ˵ݣħȵĳԱ
ȷݵģˣҶССϺػץ֮Ҳ֪ħ֮ڵ֮֯ܣ֮ӴԼְŷࡣ
ħ̣ʹӰЩ˹ġ
ֻϧЩȻһЩ鱨Ͼݵ΢ֻڴ̣ʹӰĳԱ˵ϲİ˲ħҲûм˼֪ǵݡ
ԣ˵ħвʮػӴ鱨Ȼûв̽һ˵׼ȷݣҪ˵Ѹˡ
ԣػӹУӴȣز飬ڣһδջ
ջ񣬻Դһ⡣
ǰػһλʹΪ̽齭󸽽һһץ˵ʱħʮһλʹߡ
λʹ߹ݻͬСɣħʮ֮Уʮʹ֮һеڶݽҪΪػʹ
ػ֪һ˵Ϣλĩʮпܣǽ¼֮УһλȨ죬µĴ
Ȳλʵλػʹй֮ͻȻĪأ˼죬ϢУ״ҡ
£Ȼػ֮еļ󾯾֪ħȣ֪ǵĴڣ֮̽ʱСġ
ͬȻΪλػʹû̽ʮݣϾ˷Ŀꡣ
һֱһһĪչ£òץ㡱п˳㣬˳צħȣ׳죬һƷػܸġ
ԣǽϢϱ֪֮ͨе쵼ߣ֮
֪֮Ϣ֮Ҳ֪ͬСɣһλǽһҵˣҵλԷͬһ㣬ļλֻҲ֮¡
һжģ˴ţֻѸã͸˺ΣڵϦ
ԣħȵĵϸϸֻ̽и֮Σ
ԣ֮Ȼҵǲںףջһٵݣڽ̽¼ҵһС
ûʵ֤֮ǰΪ¼ҷˣػȻ´˾ٴݾߣں׵Ҫ
ô꣬Ǳڽޱ߳ǣþ˼ȻҲһ
֮ǰ֪Ŀ꣬룬֣֪¼֮УҶԷʮ֮һȻֶΣһЩ
˵ڽ꣬ںȻûгײǸʮʵݣҲ˸˾Ųʮ
ⷬ飬óһ˵Ľۣ¼֮Уֻ¿ֹܲһλͷϣһλĪ⣬λȨصģħ
һλѾػٴУƣڱҪ˵һεħ
ں֪ǾԼǵģ¸Сڣ֪̽¼ҵģܡ
һħйأ¼֮Уʱ֮ˣۣȥӰִص񣬾¼ӵܣҲ֪֮١
ֻҪΪץһЩ˿֪һ㲻ѣֻڻûȫ˺֮ǰںײû˵ܣܶңҲڹС
һܣλħйء
Ǿǣ˿̣ʯ֮Уģλ֮еĿˣĳС֮ҲǱһλպ丸Σչۡ


558 
ʮǰ֮أһ󣬵ȴʮ־ԶĹ壬Ϊա
գʮټǰ֮صչ塱Ƿǳ֮ϡ٣ʱٰʮˣʱƲӣֻмʮˣûһͨׯ˿ڶ࣬ƫһżԡ
壬Զû翴򵥡
Ϊ壬ŴϹţ˵ǿ丸ĺᣬӵһ˿֮Ѫ
ڣһŹŹ˵Ϲ챦ӵлصΪ׷չ
׷չһ׼Խ˴ƷȻûλСߡһҲֻ벽
챦˵һССռ壬Ƿŵ½µѪᣬռ壬ֹѵҸ˽Լڣһ֮
׷չȻǿ󣬵ͷȴһֱ粻ԡ
ռΪ֪ģʮǰռ壬һλţСӵżΪµԦ츳󣬸ѧռڹ丸š
̴˿丸ţڱشټͷΪٶȿ쵽ܼʱӰӶΪ丸Ρ
丸Ρչ۵ͷҲɴˣڱش
Ȼԭȵ˵丸εͷԣڱأȷһʱӵкպ
ȻΪ丸εͷ֪ռڣҲŮһͬѷɫĸףòˣǧģ˳֮ΪŮˣҹ¡
ҹ£ӵ֮òȻ丸ܹӣȴĸһУҪҲѧĸףһ;УʶһӣһģӴ˲԰Ρ
鵽Ũʱ׷չܣཥΪλ֪
ǸʱΪ丸չۣλòڵ𣬶벻Ǹٯٯѷѽ⣬ͬ콾һӢ䲻ӣȴĺЫҲమ
һУΪѰѡ׷չ
ദ˴Լʱ⣬䣬Ӳҹ£佫Ǽڵչȣ˵ҪʽƸȢΪޡ
ȻΪռйѵǱ֮ˣôչȣټϵҹ£ʵĸף˽Գģû뵽֮ˣҵ˶ʱ䣬عԼһֱԥ
ʱѾУ׼Լʽ֮ЯɷŮȥʱ丸ῴ³ϣԭǵݣ
λӣôҲֲҲʹӦͬȴһ꣬ȶӳٻع丸
ʱȥһ£䣬˵Ǽྴ罺ᣬӻϻı߽֮أһ羰ĵطһ®סǹζ
ǣһ⣬ӽӵһѸ֮ɫʱͳȻм£Ҫؽһˣ˵в㣬ڴ˵ȴ£꣬һ飬
ҹȻᣬҲ֪־ķǼг£ݵ飬ҲʹӦ
ȥ֮ҹһ˹ʮ࣬ɽƧմжԽԽ㣬ҵȣһ£££ֱ¹ȥѽ֮ʱȻûг֡
뵽֮ԼѾȥӼֵӵİΣʹв㣬Ȼ¶ģǰӿᵽļ֮Ѱҡ
һиǧǧ࣬ϵȻȴһ۷ڣŵϢ
İɣλɽˣҪһһԶһ𣬲еӣȻһλŮһŮվһ𣬶ȫ¶ڴ˵һԣһ˫ˡ
ҹ£ĸܵƭھָӸıң˵ԼУŮǺĶӦǧУϧ
Ȼû뵽ǣİɣλӢ䲻УͬսһӣȴһĮ˵ʶҲȫ޹ϸ𣬲֪˭Ұ֣ΪγԼߡ
ҹڼǧﱼۣѹȲֻͣһ֧ţپ˾ޱ䣬ҲֲסºѪԹȥ
Ѿ֮°ңԱ߷ҩ룬İɣվǰæ˵Ǽ֮⣬Էһ֮ŮΪ֮ŲҵϣҶѣֻΪ˱
λŮӣʵϤҲమǸ·ˡ
ҹ¿ʼţԣְٰչˣ˼̥ڽԭĹ
ӾչˣټϴӼдĸҩĵҹָܼȣȫŮһԸ˼̥ҪӽؼңýȢø̥иݡ
˭֪Ӱٰѣҹ½ɣ˫ٴֵúܲ졣
ڣҹеӼнƹϵΪв֮ӲȻŭ¶ԼĿ
ҹµֽŽȫϣþ̣佫Ǽڵչȣı֮׷չ
ˣҹ²ŷĠĿȻǳˣ֮£ΪΪ˸֮ӣӦӻȥȡҪ˼һһľһ
ȻӦ
صչȣû뵽һĻˣռ壬ܽ׷չӲȻŭŻչȣռ壬һڣɱһʣֻһˣΪףֱսֽŽûз̣ܵӳ
Ȼجβûнδõ׷չŭ׷ϣȻҹε͸¶䣬ӽ֮أϣڻȴδ
գûԣ֮أ˺ݶĳ£ͬе̥һȣ
ҹ£֪һǣʵ̣ܵչȵʱ򣬻һˣҲδ˱ĸף丸Ρչۡ
丸Ρչ֮󣬶λӣ֮ǣκ˺ѰҪ˱𣬽ȴձܡ
˻һϣϣʳ׷չ䣬ֻҲ
ϧɱŮ֮𣬲죬չӲô³񹭵䣬ӡ
գӲܾͣĥ̵ᴩùǣһԪϣΪһˣڴ˵أһĸѺ
ֱǰĪʧ٣λĸһ̰֮ˣһξ˵ʯܣűںץס׷˵أ׮ܡ
Ϊʲôںף֪ռйأ˴չۼ棬ǽ̸ˡ


559 ﶫˣһ
㣬ΪҪң
գںչۿ˽⵽£ͻȻʵ
ĺģȻʹ£ҲŴµʵ
Ϊ˽⵽УչѸûһѴճһƬԱȫɱһ
Ψʣһˣǵʱȵ׵λϷˡ༴߿˵ġҹ£ΪУϱܴݲУ˺ӣڶԷռɱʱ򣬷ŭӳӵһ
ʹҲħצǱǸ׷պ̥ͬһ˸ĹȣҲ漣һԶŮ
ǣˣҲѾΪһˣ˫˫Ųзϣò˶վٳȡ
ڣںȴ˵ǰһǣͬһؤˣȴռյļҲҹµĸףձѩ˵⹫ʵ̫š
֪ǲթƭȡΡ
ԣףѰ
ҪǣףΪʲôԷ֪ԼнĿģȻΪ˲̽¼Ǹˣ뵱ռŲҰ¼
飬֪٣ձѩԵˣߣҲư֣֪һЩҲǺϸ
࣬ûи߹κˣûʼ̽飬ţձѩҲ֪ش󣬾йܡ
ȻˣԷȻֱӰԼ˴˵أ·֪ԼҪҵĴʲô̫ˣò
ǺǣҾ֪⡣
ںһЦ˵֮԰ֱӼλռļΪ£ʯΪͬԸ¼ң϶
Ŷ飬ΪʲôұˣȴһһСС̸ΪһѨڵͨˣĳҴ壬žɺƺҲҿףã
۾˵еĻɲԶ
Ǻǡ
ں׿ı飬һЦ˵㣬Ȼҵ⣬Ϊħȶ½͸̫£˭Ҳ֪ҵǸˣǲǾħȵ˵ļϸԣҵһ󱾵صļ壬źςȴйܣ߸ɴֱҵ˶Էͷϣǻڲ
ԣҪһݣ־൱ʵˣ㣬԰˴֮һսºպġҵߡ
Ƥ˶ʣ˰֣ż㲻˵Ҳ֪ʵʲôǾΪʲô֪ʵݣң˸ռ֮йأһУǣ浽һˣҲŵһӣݹʥ֡ڣʥ
ʲô
Է˵ݹʥ֡ڣʥ֣жȻһ˲õԤУ۾еĹâ˲÷ǰţҽźˣ˷֮ơ
ýš
ںƺûпĶصǺ£˴ڣʥУ㱳ͬеƲáǰɣʵȫûҪˡ
¶ɻɫķҲûзɣЦЦ˵ΪڣʥȻУֻ£Ҳ֪˭Ϊ˭Чɣ
֪ݣҲͲôˣҲף˵ʹɱ£˳ȥҲõģңΪʲôע㣬ռ֮һľԭˡ
ţ
΢嵹ǷһЩΪȻԽӴһʱڣڣʥأɵˡ
Ϊƺೣˣķɳ졣
ԼһսУʹħŹ硰ħӡħѻꡱȣԲĵǲ֪ӺεΪ֮һҲûħ
ټϣͷٻħս󣬴УҲ಻̫Ʒ缸ڣħĵҩһͲ鵤
⣬һڴɢŨѪº塰绨д󺦣ħ࣬࣬ȴд󲹵黨
󣬻ʲôƷ齣ԼһصĽɫҳס
ȵȵȵȣ֡
ʹڣʥ£ҲףΪʲôڣʥôϡŹֵĶƺܣڣλߵĻȴȻһ뵽һܡ
Īǣ
ߣЩ˼ص

ߵ˵ͷɫ֣صصҲħȵĳԱ֮һҵλͣһλʹߣտʼʹеʹѨΪŵĶӣĵλϰθߣʹ֮ĩʹ
ΪݣԲŹעǵĶԹӶ֪ڸĹϿմսһգ㱻ĹȣӦȫʬȴֻŻ
һ㣬뵽ˣǸˣͬ£ӦȥռˣǶ䡮ҹ£Ҳû
ţ
ߴԣһ£ˣû뵽ô翪ʼλ߾ڹעԼңռ£˽ô
ʱǾע⵽˸Ĺȵܣƶϵȵ׵ϷûôƾǵֶΣԼ뿪֮ѻȥһ̽ڹȵһֱȴϷˣ֪һܡ
ѹ֡
һ˲䣬һлȻ˺ܶ顣
Ϊʲôڣʥô죬ٶȳѧϰĹĪӵеĶħɭɭԭһУֻΪҲʲôħȡ֯һԱԼ֮ǰôҲû뵽ġ
ֱʱĪţԼţѨ۷壬벽һλƤ£һаĶӡ
ڣʥǣǣлˣҲ֯߻У˭ûУЩӣֶ
һ̣ŸоһƽţԭײҲǰӿ֪Ŷٷա
ڵжٿ£аĶǱأȴᡣ
˴֮һĶȺУħȵĳԱôһˣֻڣ½ССָ̽ӣӣԼ
һ뵽ܿܵħȵĳԱԼȴ𲻳ǵݣʹԣ಻ɻĴһ
һµ뷨ǣڣʥȺĵӣܱ͸Щߵִ£ϣ߷УǲҲǵĳԱ
ڣʥȵӣȻλҪվֻһӣûմȨ𺦲
һˣĳŵҪλϣһܴѣǻԵġ
ʱ뵽ں˵ģħȵĳԱɣڣʥȺĵӣֻһµʹʹϵʹҲʹ
֯ĸ߲㣬ԱȴʲôνģħԱһжʮһ
һֻһ룬˲֣ǣǻڰգ˭Ҳ֪ǵݡ
һ̣ᵽ֮ǰ˵֯߸½޽磬ﻮõƻأͻȻ治ûܡ
֯Ĵڣܻȵս޵磬ΣգѣҪǿҪµö࣡


560 ﶫˣ
Ͼ죬ͻȻðʲôħ֯ŵһƩ֮һڵĵ˽ˣȻأֻҪ˾Ϳüƺþû¡
ħȣȴ糤ĶԲõ
ʹƹ̣ҲҪѵöࡣ
Ҫǣƣ֮ʱڣѸȾȫʹʱ֪ˣҪƣҲ޲ߣ֮ӣܶʱֻе
ʹƣҲ˻֢࣬Ĩȥ
ԣƣͿüƣʹɱǿƸΣա
ԭΪ˳ǧս⻼޵缴ϢƽչĶʢʱڡ
ڲ֪ԭһбĸΣգ²ӿѽ
֪Ҫжˣһħ֮Уɥټң
ˣֻ»֮ǰһȻ֪ɣֻдͷŻᷢɵʱѾˡ
üͷ΢΢

߿У֪ڣʥȻҲħȵĳԱʹѾԼ£Ҳʲô˻ɴĪ𺳺;ȡ
ڣףΪʲô֮ʱڣʥô죬ͻ֮ضٽǸħ֯
ֻǣȴǲףΪʲôһλ˴ţģǰ;ĶӣҪǸʲôħȣԸǱЭȣ
ȻѾˣɼȻܴħлð϶Ҳְ
ô֮ǰЩΪħȵʹʹ֮һλҪڱЩʲôŲ飬߲μӹЩ޵ıЩ鱨
ϧЩ£ʱû֤ݵ£Ҳ鲻
ڣʥѾˣֻҲ޿ɲ顣
ҪǣҲûȨûȥ顣
ʱȥžٱʲôڣʥʲôħȵĳԱֻ±˲ȥ׷ڣʥĹȥͷǲʲôˣԣҲֻһЦ
λıʵȨ
ʱĳϣ߷֮һǾȨ񣿵ʱڣʥ׶ʲô£Ӻʱ룬Ϊʲôħȣֻ¶ܲһ
ˡ
ҡҡͷʱ£ŶߣѾһһɵ㶼ˡ
ںǣΪħ֯ԲŲ鵽ڣʥ֪ڣʥħ֯ĳԱ֮һ
󣬴ڣʥϣֲ鵽˸ԵԼڣʥϵĲ²⡣
Ϊ²⣬ֲ鵽ڣʥǰڸɽ۵һսӶǴʯ֮Уȳˣ걻ټţȫұıС壬չļչۡ
ϵߣһԸյãпǵռĺˡ
ԣǿ϶뷽跨ȣϷˣ֪һС
֪ձѩȻǵռŹ£ǱеλϷˣѰҵ긺ǸˣԼռ屻ŵ࣬
Ȼ֪ݣ󣬼ʹôʲɵ㣬գҲѴһʼ֪ݵػĹע
Ȼˣ桱󶥷ӡϢȻǡ
ֻһʼǲûȷܲܰǣϾ˭ʸػġ
ǣޱߴ֮ϣȡʮʤսʤ˽¥˫ӦӦֵܣ룬˽һһʤѩ˶˾Լ
ں׵ˣòϣȷʸǺ
Ҫǣ˫Ŀһ£Ǵ̽¼ҵܣӶỶЩαƵĿǵݺ͹ȥ£ܵƲá
Ȼ˫˺Ļ
ں׶ģʹʤѩһս֮ǰǰ˵һܵģΪᣬгʺϴ¼ڲһЩ顣
ȻʵǿҲأϾһλߣˣӽĳң¼ҵľô׶ģԺ¶
һһݣֲ¼һɺ;Ҫǣлӽ¼ңȴǸ¼гǻŵĿĵˣں׻治֪ȥҡ
ӵвֺǻۣĿͬˣȻõѡ
ԣ⣬Ҳں׽ҹгһУΪȡΣӶ춨Ļ

֪Ҫ˼԰һж֮ĻںףûȥǾ;վԱߵȴ
ΪţǸˣȻǴˣĿֻͬҪͻԷһڸ
ΪȻԼҲܽ¼ҵ飬Ҳôģ϶ûбһ޴ǣѾ¼ô꣬о޴鱨øףɡ
ң¼ұ漰޴ܣֻһռŲҰ
¼ң漰һ۸޵Ӵ֯ħȣƾһ֮϶δҪðķա
ԣô룬󣬶һѡԼȡ˫Ӯ
ԣֻҪȣصȣһͨ㹻
Ȼ
һյʱֺڻعͷĿٴ䵽ʯ֮еϣôӣڻعͷԻںףżɽصҪô
Ҿ֪ͨ
ںԴϲȻ֪ˣ׿ڴӦ˷ܵԼƶЦһλ߾֮һĸý飬ͬͬĿģѾ֪ݣ֪ǰ£ôǾֻҪǣôõĽӽ¼ң¼ڲһˡ
Ŀ⾼ԴǿУһһսʤѩƽ֣õĻᣬӮҲòҪ䡣
Ϊʲô
۾һʵ
ں̧ͷʯ֮⣬ĿصӮˣ¼Ҳ׽㣬ֻгޣΪٵ֮ӣ¼ҵڽ𡣡
ˣӮ¼ҵأܾ֮£һʧߣֺεºܣֵ¼һۣȥ£ύ
һ٣΢Ц˵ԣֻвӮ䣬ֲ¼ҽ¼㣬ΪֵͶʺ£лᣬʤѩΪѣõ룬¼ڲӶ֪̽һЩ֪̽ܡ
Ʃأ֪ʲô
ѾϿ˶ԷļƻȻ֪Ҫʤѩɲʤ䣬ʮѣȵսʤѣǣȴԸһԡ
ĻȴɺȻһһ䡣
ע۾ǺһЦȴɫȻ֣صһһٵص¼λ֮ţҲǸղŹеǣλųһ콾պã⼸꣬ȥΪʲôʧ١
Լǲǣ²ضֲ֯ħȨ֮һ˲ħ
ţãħ
һ£ǳˣ˫һս۾ضŶԷĻߡ
գ˵ͷãǾʹԼһպõȥԼݡҾסĵص֪κϢʱ֪ͨҡ
˵һ٣ſڵÿգһҩ̣һɢ۸ǡһɫͷסͺá
ϢҲУһۿ֮⣬ټ棬硣
˵֮ٲͣһݣֱӳȥںҹУһĲӰֱޱ߳Ƕء
չ⽥һޱߴޣʽʼˣ


561 ﶫˣ
գʤѩ֮Լ۷һսӡ
ûʱޱ߳ǣȻ˿˳Ħ࣬׷ӵţޱ߳ģޱߴڵӿȥ
Ӹ߿¸ͻ֣ᷢޱߴΧԲ֮أѾΧˮкͨΪضǺѹѹͷ
Լ֮ʱʤѩѾһ£վ̨֮ϡ
죬һڹŽʤѩһ˫۾΢΢ţ紵ĳԵޱȵƮݲȺֻһۣ˲ɵעеĿ⡣
̨ܣȻҲ֣ûһˣܹ
ͬϵ£˲ΧǣʹҲһʱ֮âԶ޷ԡ
£
֮ߣʤѩ
һ̣һ԰ΨҶġѩаħ£š˾ϣ¸ֵĶӦӦֵܣ۾Ҳɵ΢΢ʹƬ̣Բ
ʱʱ
ô
˶Σȴĵ
ʱ䣬԰ʤѩԼսϢ齭忤ʮأսˣֹԭޱ߳ǵľ񣬻ķ˷ͨˡ
һЩû˵ӵܣϣϢҲ׷ҹ̣ޱ߳ǣΪ˼֤һս
Σʤѩ֣ڽǲ۲۵һ棬˿常֮¡
ѾܹԤԣʮܲҪʮֻ꣬Ҫ꣬һ֮ڣʤѩ֮λж۷壬ܹŵ常һ
һߺǡպߺеߺ֮ס
һʲôʱû֪˲²⣬徳ʿޣضǽʤѩһսȺ۵ʱ̡
ȺУӣưֵҲԴסתͷ˿ϵչ⣬ֿܸ˵صͨڴЩ
ǰԴʱ֮ǰ˾ʱ࣬Ҫչصľңǰȥμһ۲۵۷Ծȴ֣ڣտҲȻһҲûС
Ҫڽ磬ʤѩڴޱߴ۷һսȴͻȻʧȥӰ
ư֣ӵˣܲԭΪߣʱ˿϶ǣҵȲۿʱ佥ţвɵĲѡ
ǵʱһ۷սñ˰һηսսģǲǳʲô飬ǷΣա
׿ڴӦʤѩʲôɣԲȱϯѰ֮󣬼Σֻȸ˵صȴʱǲǻ֡
һʱĵˣǾĳˣɲǲ
ֻǰľ֮Уȴûв쿴κսǿƻֺۼһҲǸɸɾ룬Ȼ뿪ûʲô⡣
һϣȥΪγٳδ飻ʱǷܼʱϵϲ᲻һǧɣ˲䵽ףΪޱ߳ǰȺڵЦ

̨£ʱٽԽԽԽԽʧģЩƢˣѾʼ̲סƿڴ׷ʧСˣηսԼӣĻڡ
ֻ̨ϵʤѩ׿ڷⳡԼսʤѩˣȴһƽı۾΢ͷ紵ԼͷƺǴڰ˿ڰΧӵ̨Ǵ󽭱ϣۡ
ɫƽ
ۼ
˶ϣκνʧĺۼʵҲУΪף죬ǽʿ޽һ죬һսǲǻԼУʤѩѾȡ㹻ʤԲμº¾еϾʿޡ
ΪѾսУȡʮʤɼнʿ޵һˣӰĳɼ
֮ҪһսǼϲֵһսĶ֣ҪĥԼѡ
ˣǹƽһսʤ߿Էһۡ
ûһСʲô磬ٲֵͷעֺӴԺҲһİ֣İ·꣬һͷһ㣬ڡ
ԣİηš

ǲ
ڣʱ׹ȥʱѾʼȺУڽ󣬼ʹư֣ӵȶ෽ͣҪҰݵȣһȴûţɧԽԽȰư֣ŭĿƿڴ
ƣסӣ֪ʱͻǣԽ棬ȺԽǿЩѾ̲סˣۼһͻ⡣
ȺУħ£˾ϣӦӦܵȼˣҲɵоɡ
ô£ȻԼΪβѵϷˣҵȣ
ħ£˾ת
СӵԣӦ޴飬ôѵǳʲô⣿
ȻΣʶûɽһεǳǳ֮˵ǻۣԶ֮ʧԼֵѰζˡ
ֻϧһսͰֵڴˡ
֮ǰ˶ʤѩһսעǰܱƳʤѩһʵʵ治ѡ
Ȼǰħ£˾ϵȣʤѩ˵۷һսһսЩðǵ쵽ʤѩ̨սʤ֣оͰһսĶִ£ʮʤľѳɼֱû˸ϳֹͣʱҲɶҡˣûϳսΪܾ֮
Ϊûκΰգսʤʤѩ׳ӰºϾʿľҼ£ºϾʿޣһۣʱʤǰܣνһս㡣


562 ﶫˣģ
ԣսħ£˾ϵȣûϳ׼񣬵ȷϾʿϵٿǷһս
ħ£˾ϲ³˸ʤѩĶ֡
֮ǰʤѩ֮սԼʱ˱֪ձؽʤѩһ̨֮еʵˣǰʤꡣ
˽磬ҶǱϷ߼ʶʶһ⽭һֶεˣŻϳ̵ֱһʮʤɼʵû˸ϳŰݡ
ˣ֮ɻ˹㳡Ϊ˵ȴʤѩ۷һսղһʧ

ˡ
ڣ˶ʱ֮ǰһ̣һɫӰޱ߳棬·չᣬӶΪٶȼ죬ϳһĲӰ
ϸһĵ
Ӱ󣬾Ȼʵһ飬ͬĲӰٶǿþˡ
ˣֻǾ֪̾ˣư֣ӵȣȴ㶼һ̾
ưָпʱ䣬սֵ֮ܵΪ˴ˣӰԭֻϳĵӰӣٶȷӵټһƷѥĸȴͻԭӰޣӰת
һӰҲԭӰһʵӰľ磬ֻ½ԽƷӵһЩƷˣʱٶȾ͸ˡֵʵҲ
ǰǰֵһ۲۵ţԭͨԣȴΪѨڣӣǣǲ̫ݣҲӦշֱ׷Ϊǡ
ҲɵĽޱȵĵ
ǺǣҲ֪Ŭ֪ԼʩչһȻֹãһ˷ܲѣӻͷתԼ˵ģǴ쿪ʼҾͿʼٺһʱ䣬ȡͻѨ
ưԲɵ˵
ɣ˵˵ѣҪ
Ӷʱʹ಻ѡ
ưһЦĿϴȦĿ΢Уص˵ء
ƺܵɱӶʱɵһֻÿɥŸããһͻѨĲΪˡ
˵ԱձѩҲ죬ֻ΢ЦţܵԺֵ֮꣬һʱҲݸ
ǰĵģҲͷڻΪʲôԭȱϯܸϻ㹻û£һսʤǰܣ˶̫⡣
ʤȻϲܣ಻رֻҪʱĳվӮ

Ȼˡ
š
ȺУħ£˾ϵˣҲ˶ͷȥ漴¶һ˿Ц⡣
֣аʹУ಻սȻûҵʧ
˰һ¶ϲɫһսͲȡڴ˵ȴһ磬ЩǴϾռλãȻջϲһ׵ôʱ䡣
ȻĲѡ
̨ϡ
һµʤѩҲɶʱĿ⣬ӭɿ⣬ǵԽԽףտʼֻһСڵ㣬գѾεӰǱ߲¶һ˿Ц⡣
ܺãȻһսͿԼˡ
˫Уսͬڻɽ֮ǧ֮ãһ˲ţ޾ס
һ̣۶ĿĹ⻪ͬС̫˲ֱӡ
ƣǡ
ȺУ˲ɴһܵʤѩϳֵģȻʦǿߣֵܳơ
ңʤѩ֮ǰ˶ֻΪǱĿδϵȻ۾ʵȴһֱս⣬ͬʣлʱԽãʱԽƷʱ򣬲ŸӲǿǧС
սսս
̨£һЩˣ鲻ԽΪһս;ز۵һս۷һսһսڷ׷׹Ķ
ৣ
Уһ£ͷɢ£Žһ糾˺ܳ·̨ʤѩǰ
úˡ
Ҳûж໰ҲûнԼΪγôãһսֻ̨һһڣϵǳĳʹı˳Уʤѩƶ
Ǻǣý
ʤѩҲûΪγֻĿⶢ֮¶һ˿֮̾ɫ
⽣ȻûнʣǣȴԵüΪƺһɵʣ֡
˽Ȼԭϻõ޹ĽΪݣ˽ʳһŽ⹺õһƷ
ƷҲǷƷһ֮Ϊºǡ
˽ñƳɣּǧ⣬һضܱ˪΢һ˿شȷһıȻư֣ӵȣҲỨΪŪΪݵ
ϾȻֻһݣҪϾʿޣҲ֮£ȻʵǿҲѡ
˽ΪºǣһͨƷűȲ¼ҼҴҵȻһ
Ȼڣص
ǧϣһ̣ϵ̨ҲûʱȥһºϢشʤѩ󣬾ԡ
Ǻǣ⽣ôҲȷҼµĴһ𡯣ȴҲʲô
ʤѩ΢Ц˵ţͬһģԼУʹǰ
һߺߺڣͬʣмһµĻͼڣƳһдġ¡֣¼ҵĶرʶ
¼ҵʽ佣ֻϲͬȻҲͬΣһƷϵһ


563 ﶫˣ壩
¼ҵʽ佣򵥣ֻͨʽȻҲ⡣
¼һȨߣ̤ỶȻʹһͨȥ˶ԵС
ʦרȻҲ¼ʽģϸ΢ͬϡϣʱ䷽ųͣȡɻҶһ׼Ʒ
ʤѩλ¼һ֮ܳӣȻҲͨ
ȻȲỶǱ׼ƷɻҶҲѵһľƷͬƶɣϲ㣬࣬Ʒһ
ºǣһһ߼һ߼ңһΪƷϵȣһΪƷȣȻͬն
ϣһʹ޹Ľܴƽˡ
ֻǴ˵ȳϣȻó޹ĽңȻºԷҲһΪԼһܡ
ȻԶǱ˭˭ͻʤҲûôսˣֱӱƷױǡ
ԣֻǵȻһЦͬһ䡰ýȴֿڵԩ޳𣬱ȫȤһսҲǶӣƺ಩Ҷһ֮Լ֮ʤҽͣΣ
ţ
ʤѩۿ漴һЦͷֵ֮ȷУԵ㵽ֹҡ
˵̧ͷ˲һŵɫ¶ţǰУҲԷֳʤˣ֣Ȼʧ
ˣ롪
ɫҲٲ໰ֱһ䣬ǰսеº֮ؿ˵
룡
ʤѩ΢Цţһս˲һˣЦеһ֮ϣһٱΣ·ƣϯȥ

ҲûІ£ֱһ䣬
̵;Уתʱһ㵭ĺ⺮ɫʹʮԶоǣҪ˵̨֮ϣˡ
һ̣ܵһɶصѹѩ亮絶һɫΰеʤѩԽԽԽԽ²̤һصĲգۼ䣬͵Լǰ
ÿ죡
ľ֪ܵѸתд󺣷֮ʱһһľ֮ϯ˲߽ʤѩ⺮Ӱ죬Ϣһ̶ͬܲδȻԷ֣г˲һ̶
У
úá
ʤѩԼİƷȻԶԷӰ죬˳ʼ֮ʱܿͱԷƽ⣬ԷͬԼܵһɵѹʱҲ۾΢һ¡
ù
ףԷĹƷףӦԼ֮ϣԭΪһ֮أ¼ҵķһһĶ⹦ڲ֪죬˵ĵ
ԷҪôĳңҪôǻʲô˼ϹŴУƾ֪ЩңȶҴ壬ӵѹķᲢۣѷһ
˷ǰһֱѹű˴򣬵һιѹƣܵѹսĶ
Ųת
ʤѩһ֮ϣȼ˲γһεĻܣĲнǰ棬ȥ
㲽һתɣ鶯쳣̤ͬǳɢ
һ̨ͨͨȴʽ쳣⼸֮󣬾͵ĺ棬Ȼ֪ôƶģʱɵôһ
ĲֻŲҲڶԷĵķ֮ϡ
֪ƽѵһĶ֣Ҳ˺ʤ֮ģӰġڣӰͬʱɢ˲ܹʤѩŲתı壬̨֮ϣȻһ˲Ӱһʵ
ʤѩɫΪ䣬˲ӰȻ̨ӰȴֱһǰһԷȴٴεԼǰ
ã
£Ǵһˣ˵ǰʤѩֳĵķǼһʱֳȺҲ㲻ʲôΪ¼һΪܳĵӣ˵ûеƣ˲š
ǴʱԷȻֱӿԼӰüϣɵӰֱָ壬·Сʶ顱֮ܣòͷһݣˡ
һԼĻͶκˣǰûüζķʽϹУȡӮһʤܣ뷨вͨˡ
Ϊػں׵˵ҪҪ¼㹻ӣܸʤѩѷѽ⣬ӶΪѣлᣬݣ¼ҪأɽׯӶ̽⵽Ҫ֪ܡ
һ֮Լǰ֮ԼʵӦ˵ǰ֮ޡ
ûаʤʤѩҲսܣõĽ֣Էսһ̶ȣͬԷ֣ȴֲһҪֳʤĳ̶ȣ
԰Уģһ˫ʵȴֲطǷʤɵķΧû뵽ʤѩʵĻǿ
ҪȹУӮöԷϿɣֻʹȫʵһսˡ
˲䣬


564 ﶫˣ
ձ
еºǣųĿĹ⻪ͬһҫĿĺۣһ޵ĴѩֱʤѩĲҪֹĲ
˭֪ʤѩһŲ΢΢תһ˾ٿȻֳĽ֮⣬ٴһת۾һĹٴ۽ǰ

һ̣еľٴμһ㣬̾Ϊֹĵز
⽭һʤѩģҪѲǿöˡ
òϣ֮ǰȻ㹻߹Ȼ̫Сʤѩʵ
Ȼһֱ󣬾͵˵⽭һ˵ʵʵδϣΪʤѩڽͷٴҲϾֻǳé®ڽв˽󣬾ʲôҲˡ
սְᣬӢűʱڣڤа䣬ḡЩǿ߶ˡ
ԣ֮ǰȻѾ㹻׼ҲֻãỶЩһǿߣʤѩһͣѷϼˣȻЩϡ
ˣȻһԴˣվЩˣ¹۽ң֪ͰֻǳԽһ磬ֻҳûоŲпỷʤѩûзС
ڣ֣Լˣҵȷס
ʤѩʵԲڤа䣬ḡˣڹٶһ棬ȫ泬Խ˼ˡ
ٶȣҲѼ
Ҫ֪һΪҲٶ֮ϣһϣκˡ
һİƷӰ˻ڣԭеӰ֮ϣ˵ӰǷ޵磬ҲǾһˡ
⣬пԴԼٶȵƷѥȻĿǰûȫ⸲ѥĹܣ¾ף˻ɣֻ˴Լһɵٶʹ̶ȣҲǾ˵ġ
ڵӰһɵٶ޵һܽٶƽزģûмˣУҲǶŵӣһ˲
ʤѩڵٶȣȻʤһȫѥûʤĿܡ
֪ϸβһһһ֮صӵ˵ЩŵĶӣûпܡ
Ȼʤѩ㹻Ҳη壬һɴһģҧ߶˸ѥٶȣһٶٴδȻɻʤѩҲѷɫ٣ǿԿжˡ
ºóģֻһŽңŽҲΨһһŽƷײͣĴ󲿷ݹ¯֮
ʱʤѩǰжʱԴԴʹҪʤѩһһȻս࣬ǿгŹһб㹻
˲Ϣ̨̬©Ҷཹ
Ľ⣬˷ϻ𣬴Ŀĺ⣬ž޵Ĺ켣̨µһʱóԲѣ
ȻԴĻʤѩŭɱУһֱֻ΢΢Цţ㣬Σ˾ͬǹӰͬǺһĽ⣬Ȼ˵ʽǡ
·ÿһÿһʽʮϤԤһ㣬׼ĹȻ󷴻
׾һһ֣֮һֹ׾ζģ̨һǹһѩƬƬɳ
ʲô
ȣķ֣ԼͼžȻʤѩĽУȴһʤһУһһУ̨֮ϣǹ֯ɽѩѩĻܵĿú䣬·ʤѩΧͬ
ȥˣ
ϸһѾʹõͼžĵھʽͺβʤѩֺ·磬ƫƫ˵İ֮ԼŹȥ˲ʮ֮һ
ôУ취档
۾һת˲䣬ı佣УӳºǻóһĲӰʽУһһ㱡Ļ棬·Ļ䣬ʤѩ
Ʒ䣬۳
һ̣ȴ뵽ͼ֮֮һԼĻü˽֮УԼõĴɱͼžʽڣȻո飬׾ӣЧ
ͼž˳۳𣬶ʱʤѩҲӲӣΪڲ£һӲӣеһ𽣣Ȼѹ·磬ӳ˳۳ºǣȻܱǣʤѩƷһ
һʱЩţʩչҲǵһսУԴ·磬ֻܡ
̨£һƬѿ۾ԭΪһ浹սȻƽ֣ҸտʼûʲôʤѩռϷ磬ȴͻ䣬ѹʤѩ
̨һƬ˶һƬ˼飬ħ£˾ϵȣҲһŵ۾оѣû뵽Ȼ
ư֣ӵȣȻǴϲ
ԽԽռϷ磬ΪѣȻΪˣϲ
̨ϣԼڰƣҲаˣϣȴû¶Ȼƽ
ֻǾһȻ۳УҲʼˮ澫䣬һ죬ȼգһغأһ䳹ǣѩǡ
֮б仯ˣУʤѩһʱмܣˣգ۾ͱʮУ̨˵УһƬ


565 ﶫˣߣ
˶Լ۾Ȼʵ
У콾˫ݺĪеġʤѩһʳ̸ͨõӴѷѽ⣬ҽ·硣
ⲻһǾףͷϣһưС
޷ţ˼飬⣬Լ۾Դ⣬þ
ôܣ
һ䵭Įݣ߸оһоյħ£˾ˣ¶𾪺Ͳŵɫ
桯Ȼǿѵ֮ǰʮʤĳɼû壬Ϊ
۾һ˲˲ض̨ϣ۾У·л

̨ϣʤѩսڼ
Ϊ䣬Ľı仯ʼȻɬԽԽ˳֣仯ˣʤѩӦԽѡ
ۿȥнԼκβ˶ԷΪеʧߣʤѩ۾У¶һ˿˷ܵɫ
Ǿɥ˷ܡ
ãҹȻûпˣѹж
۾УĲʹ⣬ȻһƮսԶԶؿ
ûˣܱþȫ㣬ǵһҲΨһһĿԴһһľϲ
䣬Ȼڱ۾
ȳϣɲʤȴͬһˣ˫΢ƽȻ̨ڣ̨⣬ˣȻеһڸĿɿڴ
ʤѩȻ΢΢˷
ɫХţƮ
ʤѩ֮תԽԽԽԽתķҲԽԽܾȻľö죬տնڤڤһعĸо
紵ľҶľ
Ȫį
˿ĵطʤѩԭƽįһȾĿľУȻЩʲôһĵطȻ˲䣬һĺзѸ̨
Ǻ֮֮£Զ֮ǰʩչѧıҪǿҵĶ࣬Ҹһֿµڰ֮С
ľ֮
һ̣ɫ䡣
̨µˣͬһʱ̣¶ޱ𾪣Ͳ˼ɫ
ʲôʤѩȻ˳ľ
һֹ̣Χ۵ͨӣһЩǿߣڴ˵ص̽ӣһ¶𾪵ޱȸӣ𺳣𶯵ɫ
ʲôľ
ڻԪ֮ǰˣҪ⣬ѨӣһҲӴΣԲҪ⡣
ţлӴƷϾѧ˵ľȴ׹ҾĲѡ
Ϊÿ˶粻һѹء
ľ
κιһ˵Ʒϣܶ๦ⲻС
Ҳ˵õĳŵƷʹʽٴ죬ҲӲʮ֮һľȴ˲ı
õġͼžסпܣһľལףôϰҲ֡
ֱУһ˿ͼžľŻȻ򣬽ˮļ䣬ʮһʽУȫѧᣬڻֻͨҪΪͿʩչ
ʹʱ˿ͼžľҲǸζѣûγɡ
ҪȻӵͼžҲֻⷬܶʱʩչĳපצ߽׻ü
ȻƾͼžƷףֹˣҪ屶
һеԭ򣬶Ϊʹô꣬ͼžľɻֻһΣԶûеСɵĵزҪ˵յĴɣľ۷廯Բˡ
ԣŸ֪ľļѣҲϧۣһˮԭ򣬾Ϊһ˿ˮ֮ľڻ֮ͨС
ˣֹΣӵ꣬ӳƥ
һ˿ˮ֮ľոʤѩⳡսͲôˣֱùƷѹܰʤѩѹôոպ˸൱ֻʤһѡ
һҲԡ
ڣȴʤѩϣľĺۼԷȻ޵磬ϵľ֮ѹ֣ᣬĳɾֻͣ£ʵɣ
ǰǷ״̬µʤѩĳɵʵѡ
ɣ
֮УʤѩͬԦ֮飬ΧĺȫΧתγɱмһ̣׼Ʒϡ
ȻֻǰƷľǣȴպú֮֡ľϣһǱǣȫĳûľ״̬
ܵԹѹƣ¶Цû뵽гһգԼѧĵƷѧȻжԷһŰƷȻ̾棬ʤѩѾٴƮӰ쵽Ѽĳ̶ȣûзӦ漴ٴη˿ֲһ
ֻ֣ʳжָȴƽƽ·ƽһף˻һƷһָһѷ˪ѾֱϮǰҪѨ
ƷУѩ˪ָ
á
һ̣ǾĪˣһתҪܣȴ֣Ȼܲ
ԼΧֲĺѹ£ȻһֻܶؿţһָԼؿڣȻһ޵Ѫ˲
飡
һ죬õͬһ԰ܲݡ
ľһԭռϷƣʧ׸һλͯһش
һ³һѪоѸٱ䣬һθܵľ֮ĿѸ³


566 ﶫˣˣ
ʮУǸʧˡ
̨£һ˼״̲ס˵˷ܵȭ
һҲͷ˵ˣһСǳʿǽһ콾Ķ֡Բѣͼ°֮Լ
ΪоܳˡʤѩᣬʮжͰˣҰܵңܵ޵ֿ֮

Ҳɷ׷״Цָģ˵Σʤѩ֣һʱͱľ֮Ļʧܣж
ǵ˵ư֣ӵɫ࣬һģ̨ɵڵأѪȴֲҹȻΥ̨ǰˣһʱԥ
̨ϣԼһָɣѪأʤѩսʣֳ֣û°ɣǸҲǳľһʱֲס˵㣬ɻս
̨£˺ôЦսʲôս˳ˣ콾£ŲסУҿ֮ԼûбҪټȥˣⳡսʤѷ֣ǸϽ̨ö˰ɣ
𣿡
̨˵ĸЦɫƽȻһ֣վȴûнʤѩİ
һûϰܣⳡսûн֣롪
㣿
ʤѩһɫᶨαһ̾Ǻαأľûаٷ֮ٵİʤ㣬ľһҲƲסٴ˵֣Ĳ
ȫֱǣңҲҪ΢һЩˡ
Ϊ⣬˵
䣬˫УȻų׹⣬׹¡˲Χϵı֮ը÷飬ȻǰһԾеºǽųĿ⣬ʤѩΡ

һ̾ϢʤѩȻ˫ͻȻ׹еЩɻ󲻽⣬ѾƽԼĽһȻ˷ҲΣɴûٳ齣һתһѩ˪ָƿХȥ㡣
ˣŸɴֱӶ˫˫㣬û취սû취ȥˣҲһ
δ롭
̨£˶ûϵ̶ֵɴ۾Ŀɿڴһôܡ¼ˣ
ȻһȦ⡣
⣬ľٺ̶еºǽºǽ⣬˲ȻһȻͬһǳըΪһޱȳȵɨ
ʤѩ֮ľɵı֮磬ʱٴһεĽ⣬ʱٴμӿ죬գ۾͵ʤѩǰ
ף
һʤѩһתܹһͬתǶɫѥϣһ΢΢һٶȻʤѩһߣͬһΡ
ţ
˵ղŵһΣƽľ磬ʤѩ⣬ʹĳؼڶΣԷǵһʵƺҲ֮ʤѩЩˡ
ڣȻĪٶ΢Ȼر̬ѾԼʤѩԼٶһţھȻܱԼһߡ
һ̣ʤѩģĵһ˿΢΢˷ܡ
ҵľ֮ѹ£ʵһǣҲвٵĵƣҵСˡȻˣ̼ҪĽ
䣬ʤѩһӣȸ΢̽ˮצһʽֵʽ
֮ܣ
ˣ
˫ǰγһı֮ܣºǽ̵ȴ̵ֻ֮ϣ죬޹
ֵˡ
ʤѩ˫ӣ˫ʮָ֣˫ӣۻңһʽʽף̺ľ֮Ĺȫ£Ĵ粽ơ
Ȼһľ֮ѹȣȴûһʼ޲ߣǱ
ֻԲȻֲܼĹ£Ҳ۾Ȼ󣬲̨ϣ̨£ˣͶ˲˼һĻ
ϣ˲һĪıо·Ҷ˲һļžˣõͣ
ΣƮ죬վȴһ·壬һƣУ˫翸£
ͣ
Ȼ䣬УһڣȻٴ۾ֻһУȴѩ
ͼžʮһδܹ
䣡
ºǽ֮ϣ·һ˿ֵһ˲ֱӺʤѩ̨ϲõľȻƲֱʤѩĿڡ
ոշһɱ
̨£뷢֮
ʤѩ۾Ȼһ૵ľΣȻûΣҲСˡ
ҹȻС㣡


567 ﶫˣţ
Σ֮䣬һͬһ̣˲ܹɱһ̨ϣԭľƣѾɥʧ
ʽתֹȥʮ߰Уȴ˭Ҳκβ˭
ͼžľȻֻǳΣϾѾ־߹ģ޶ȵ߽ʤѩľǿܵһЩӰ죬һֻƾʵսһȥ˸ƽ֣ѷѽ⡣
̨µˣһĿɿڴϢֹֻ̨ϵˣһһףһһңѷѽ⣬䣬ٶ֮죬ֱĿܴﵽļޣӦеʵֻ¾һЩǿߣҲǿ
ϣһ鶼пܷ˵ʵѴﵽļޣһһǿףǳ
ʹֻһл˵Уܷӳ쾡µҪ˵Щľѧˣֱ˿ۻң𺶷ǳһĵףֻʣֻ̾ʣĽ
ʤѩдʵˣȴǳ˾ȺĿɿڴˣɵĵף׷׶¶λߵۡ
ħ£˾ϵȣǿ۾ޱȣ˵֮ǰǻΪȻʤѩ֮һս۷һսʱȴȫ̻ĵס
Ϊףƾ˴ʱһսȷʸ˵Ļңʵ飬˭Ҳ˵л

̨ϣۿݽţʤѩȻƾСɽ׶εľѹһϾܳװʤ֮£ˣɫ֣߰ʮʱʽ̲סٴһ䣬óһŸ׵Ĺ
ҹʮơ
ֻ漴ˣ˿ܼ࣬һгıһ𣬴ĽӰڽ¡
һθܵѹ֪ʤѩ½ֻ²׼ƷҲ޾壬вУҲ߽׻üţƷʮ־УһµĽ
ˮϵ־伲磡
¡
ֻںͼžľټˮϵ߼䣬ˮ澫ټľ壬ʮ־еĹ־ŽĵĿȫǣȴԶԶ˰ƷһĵƷ
У׵ºǽһȥ·ӰӶ綼׷ٶȣϵְоԽˣžˣֵ
ײ껥˺岽ʤѩһΣΪ԰ס
ˮ˻ء
ʤѩʹһؽеһȻ̣·һӣȥ֮ľӣ˿µĸоؽԼš
ˮϵ־ؽԱļį
еºǣǽâչӽ֮ϣ͸һף͸ĽӰߣ˸ȴȻ˽â
ٴνǲʤһʤѩռʲôˡ
Խˣϵ˷ԽŨ󣬸Ǿй϶һʽһʽ̴󺣣಻ڱֻܷأҷ
ۿ̨ϣֹײҲ֪еö༤ңȻӰ˫֣һӰȻսмȦ⣬սʣһˣԹ֣սʹհɣ
ţ
ʱ̨֮ˣŲɵһ㱣ŷ֣ôƬ̼䣬̨ˣȻѾཻϰУӽֵĹʤѩʵʤһϾľֻǲȱΣǣȴҲռѹԵơ
ڣȻŹ˰У˻ཻ֮ǰİ֮ԼȻò񫣬Ҳ޿κΣֻͽ̾գֻֻһ⣬ӵ۹⿴֪ӽ𣬡桱֮ؽ䶯һʱˡ
ȲʤѩҲѹ콾ħ£˾ϵȣΪ󣬵ڶ
ˣһʱĽʺޣ˼ҵʵģҲܶ˵ʲô
ʤѩս˷ܴȻֹսһ㶣˵֮ԼѵŷӦϸϸһȻ
ǰսͻȻںüѹסʮУٵͻȻľѹֹһʮУٵͬʹľ֮ս̶Ƭ̼䣬˾ȻѾֽУǺš
ʤѩȻЩʣ֮Լ£ĿҲһˬԼ֮ˣ˵ͷ֣ĳķһսδܾˣºϾʿϣһۣһϸߵͣʤ
ãԸҲ
˵ͷԥش
£µʱ䣬Ӧ㹻¼ҵĴ󲿷ˣֻҪ֪õȥ򣬺ռǶʷǲʵɡ
ҳãɱֻƾڵʵδֻٵȻˡ
ԣĿģڣȲ¼ҵһܣºʢᣬϾʿޣ̫Ϊף˵ڽܼѹȺۣһĳɼϾʿޣȴĸƣһȥ˴еļڣҲϾضȥ룬ʱ򣬲Ⱥ¹
˵֮ǰʳǷޣڵޱ߳ޣֻСС֣Ұ͵ط֮սϾ¶ͷǣµʱ̡
Ͼʿ޵սΪӣܽǰʮǰʮˣǾԵǿߣһҪ˵ǰʮǰ壬ǰ͵һ֮ˡ
Ǵǰ͵һǾԵĴ棬Ͼʿ޵һˣǱеְ֮һΪߺʮվǣ߰һ£𾪰ʷ
ǶһΪ۷֮һ
ԣֻе徳սޣʿ޵Ŀʼ֮ǰʳǷѡ΢һЩĽʿޣǻѡΣɳһѡ
ֻ̨ǵطɲʲô
ԥĴӦʤѩ¶ЦݣһȥȻʲôعͷ˵ʮ֮¼ɽׯһ۵Ȥӭʱǰһۣʤѩضȴֵĵ
۵š
ʤѩ룬жʱϲ֪Լʵڵõĳϣ¼ҵĻᣬϲɫԥ˰ΣȴڵͷӦڵãʮ֮ĳһ
ãĳڴˡ
ʤѩԣʱٲԥһݳ̨ȻһΣΪһǹ⣬ϳ¼ڵأɽׯ۶ȥ˲ʧӰ


568 ﶫˣʮ
̨£˿ʤѩ뿪ıӰһɫ졣
˼ǣһսʤѩʵͱ֣Ķ𶯺
һ֪ʤѩǽһһˣʤħ£˾ϣӦӦֵܶӣûۼΪ飬ۼΪʵ
ս֪鴫ңƺԼĻǿöࡣ
٣ҿ϶ղŶԷԼ֮һսһûоȫ϶˼ơȻڽ֮ã˳ŹС
ȺʹõţŲת֮ܣѩ˪ָȵȡÿһţٶǰƷƷУ׼ƷĽλ
ѩ˪ָɲ
Уѩ˪ָһˣȻľ֮ѹƺͽ֮ѩ˪ָҲ𾪡
϶ʹõǼнУƩ罭ҹʮƣˮ˻صȵȣҲֻǳֶߣûʹȫ
ʤѩľҪǿ
ǽһսȻ֪ľҪȴ֪˴
ϾΪƷ̫ԶܶҲǺһ磬Ȼ֪ƷһҪľ֮ȴû浱һ£ֻΪǸ֮֮һ
ڣȴˣľ֮һи߽׹Ļꡣ
ûľͽΣʬ⣬ǿ಻һ߿տǣӲ壬
ԣΪ֪ľļѣʤѩǿͲ͸ķ֮ľж಻ס
ҲͨһľΣͼžʵľκľСɣмǵ蹵һһϦ֮ɳɡ
һͼžľƤëǽżžڱ֮жӦ֮ԵһУʤѩδд˻Ե
ȫƾԼһľ¼ҵ֮ܣѩ˪ָȹϣʵ̫ˡ
ңţʹõľֻ֮²ľ֮ʮ֮һȻƾһͼžľΣҪ׵ֵǳ˵Ρ
Ҳ˵һսȷʤѩĿʵңţ¶Щʵֻ࣬ʵ֮һķ֮һ֮һʮ֮һ
⣬ʵ̫ˣ治֪Ҫʵȫô
ˣԼɹŹУϿɣȥμ¼һСΧڵĺᣬûô˷ܣˡ
ɫУȻ䣬Ȼ˵ʱϴ֮ǰʦö˵ǷĳĻ
֮ǧ򻯣ģָ
һУصҵ˵ħĪĵľһеĻ
ȿϣľɼֻüˣտ
ԣľ壬СģһӲгɾͣԵõķչ
Ǹʱⷬʲô˼ֻʦԼʱѵ룬ڲףǷд⣬Ǹʱ͸Լľ֮·жôѣľУжôҪ
ʦ
˼ˣʱɵЩ˼ԼԶʦ֪ڹˣ
ǧ½֮һΪձѩռ嵱࣬ʵǱʶеĿģγΪǽǱ
ǱС¡ֻͼڵĹһֱŪףʦ֮ĹϵУһء
ϷˣԼػں׵֮ǣֻռйأ¼ʦʦǱȴ֪٣ҲӽʤѩɽׯҪԭ֮һ
Ϊռ£ˮʯԼʦ¼ҵ£ԾһͷˮۻʲôҲ塣

˼ʤѩľѶȺԼʦ¼ҵ£̨£˵ʤѩμ¼ʮ֮ڼڵɽׯٰĺᣬ̨ˣȴɸĽ۾ˡ
ħ£˾ϵȣҲ¶һ˿⡣
ᣬ֪һʲôľۻᣬħ£˾ȴ֪Ϊǽ¼ңٰһСģȴһǸ߹Ķᡣ
ϣֻԽ߻ᣬԼ¥ʮҵĶӣʸᣬһ㲻ʮˣһȦԺ˽Լǿľۻᡣ
ڣˣȴ룬ʾʤѩϿԸǸСȦӵһԱͬΪǸСȦһԱħ£˾ϣòص۹Ĺ۸вԼͬĹۡ
ʤѩ룬ǵһʼûһˣܻù١
ҲЩûʸ۵ˣʤѩȻһˣμ־ۻᣬΪʲô¶ĽĿԭ򣬱Ͼ˵һЩͨˣССӣ˿£΢ɽׯʿһɣ֮ͩȣûμӡ
֮һġޡޣ಻õμӣΪۻᣬֹʵעݣɢޣСңСɣԽ롣
һ

˵ĽʣڣΪڽʮ죬ʿޣ֣УĻ
ʤѩһսʿޣľ㣬ҲΪõһսٽڣвμӽʿ޵ˣƲһսƱرǾΪֵ̣
ҲˣԶޱ߳ˣԵС
һʤѩʤʮʤ
ڶӦӦֵܣƾ֮ʮʤ
ʮʤһʵ顣
ѩаħ£ʮʤ
š˾ϣʮʤħһħ£Ҳֻһ׶ΣѾǺܴκһأпܸı֡
ӵʮѾ
ʮ֮һҡĿӡǺӣʮʤ
ὣšһԣʮʤ
ڰԦҷɡɣʮһʤ
ھ¥ӣӡ£ʮʤ
ʮλó¡ģʮʤ
ʮһ¥Ӻɽʮʤ
ʮŮ櫣ʮʤ
ʮǧɱָʮʤ
ˣޱɽׯɣ֮ͩ˿ٵ£ɵ׾ݾ㣬¥˵ȣʮʤʮһʮȡ
󣬽Ͼʿޣʮˣʮ壬֣ǰ֣ҵ̨սͬնԵ壬ҪμϾʿޣѡжϿжпᡣ
ǽһߵ֣Զ˳


569 ﶫˣʮһ
ʿڶˣˣ漴ص
û֮󣬳ˣ㽫ӦõĽȫ˹
ʤܹʮʤڽһˡʤѩԼֳսĶֵܡ
Խãޱ߹ѫŰʮ㣬ǮһöƷһߣԼμϾʿ޵ĳսʸ񣬡ˮͫһʹ񵤣С굤һš
һεĽʿޣͬʳǷ޵ǣۻÿνֻܻһΣ޷ظ
Ʃ磬ʳǷޣʤܻƣ鼶ҩεһʤεܻʤųʮԲӡ
ȻԽߵʤʤԽѡ
ޱ߳ʿ޲ͬȡöʤÿνֻܸһΣ޷ظ
ҲʳǽȻҲûޱ߳ǽֻҪ룬ʳǽֻʲô¶εޱ߳ǣƷ񵤣С굤
ԣƷˣӦȻ٣Ҳ⡣
ʹ֮񵤺С굤ƿ
ҩʹãֵƣʱòϣղš
ƷҪʱ䣬ȥһ˳ı⣬ޱ⡱Լѡ͹ģֻһƣƷʱû֣ʱòϣҲ
ˮͫĿǰѾ˻ͫ췣֮ˮͫпգııʲô츲صı仯𣬵ʱ
ھŰʮޱ߹ѫ㣬ʱҲûʲôãתư֣ˣȥڣԼ
Ͼûʲôã˵õʱ
ޱ߳ǣպ£Ҫһɡӵеޱ߹ѫԽ࣬ޱܻ߳õĵλԽߣȨԽ࣬պޱ߳ǵķչҲкô
Ȼ⣬ôһݲҵư֣ӵȣǵһʵԼĻᣬǲʧܣʮӡ
ޱ߳ѫ㣬ҲǸöֻĿǰе١
ܻüǧպޱ߳Ǿܺߣôˣ˵Դ۷ˣܻòٱ
ֻǳ˽ʿޣʱ֪ޱ߹ѫķʽԣ㣬ư֣ӵȥĺˣԼæûᣬɵȥڡ
νʿޣнУӵһöõĽһöǮ
ԭʳǷϻõöˣӵеǮһﵽö֮ޡ
ڱˣһ˼֣ΪöǮԸ⣬ʱ԰ǶһļƷȻǮļֵԶԶƷôȥ
湻ʮöȡһһνʥأдĻᡣ
ֻᣬɲ˭УңǮҲôûá
ȻƾʵҲֻܽö룬ʳǷöޱ߳һöټϾʿޣԼռ徳ʿޣʮöҲûôס
һǣֻһʿޣǿƣֱǰҲֻһö
Ͼʿ㽱һ㣬Ҳ࣬ңŸּ룬һܻһö㲻ʣµöѡ
Ŀֻܷ꣬ŵ徳ʿϣΪ˵ֻҪ徳ʿϣֻҪȡò׵Σ׾ܴʮöһν봫дĻᣬȻҪ㣬̤徳ʿ޵ʱ
Ȼż̤Ҫý봫дĻᣬǳ룬췽ҹ̷

ЩĽһʤѩһǧޱ߹ѫ㣬һԻǮöҪǣһƷ̽ѩ
ҲĽ飬ʤѩõ̽ѩʵһǣʮ֮ĺᣬеڴ
ĿǰЩʱ򣬺ʮ֮󣬽ޱѡƷҲֻҪӵһƣ˵ʮ£һأֻҪޱ߳ûлˣƶЧ
һ飬Ѿ߰죬ҲʱӦȥˡ
Ǳǡȥ̽ǼʯзɶݳȥɽƬ䡣
ţ⼸޵ƣӦҲõȫˡ
û´죬һ֣Լʱ򣬱һǰһ̽ɽƬ䡣
ԣһԼУµֵġˮͫӼԼͫһ棬⼸ʮսʤѩһսԼõһЩǻۺȡϾʿ޿ʼ֮ǰԼʵһ۷塣
ˣͼöǮ
ĵȴУʱ䣬һζ
һ죬һǳϢ
˿̶¥ӴһλġˡʳǷϣйһҽսܸˮиλغ¼ʦ캽ԶﶫˣǰӦϯʦ
տʼҲûϳԷˣӣ츳־ҵһϷչʿ˵ʶ֮ȻʮҪģӣҲ츳
ֻҪһ棬һЩˣӡʳǷϣΨһһвĪߵؼʦ캽Զһ
ԣνġﶫˡü侫ļʦ۷ڳмʦҲ֮Գ⣬Է˳ͨһ⣬óӣرαװϳǵ̨ϣѷѽĺؼʦ캽Զ
ס캽Զ¥ʾҪҪĿġ


570 ʯϿ
ӵĻԥһֵаΪʲôСȻ˲ܣΪΣֻҪʱΪУǾͿ֮Ҹ˵ﶫˣһ˲˲أΪ󣬴棿
Ҳðɡ
Ļ󣬳һһ룬˵ͷӦ漴˷Ըȥˡ
Ƭ̺󣬾ʽһΪĶʦ󣬵ߵʲô׵Ķν챦Ѳһ˫۾
ֻҪһۣܱٹ֮ޱ߳ǣҲȸһʱ
Щ£ûʲôϵҲûжôע
˵ﶫ˵£һСԣҲֻһݵڻûжôںѾְ֮󣬾ûٹע
עģޡ
ңûԤϣʿ޶Ѿ޵ƣҲȬΪ˫ǰһʵǴǣĿǰѾֵõѨڵΪѨ۷壬ֻһ֮ң
ȲûΪ׻ָ۷壬ǰޱ߳ǣҲ֪ʱǡ̤ỶǿߵĶ֣ο¼һֹỶһ֣дϣִ£
ԣȻΪɽƬ֮£¼Һ֮ǣȴûг嶯ǰյµİţҵ
ʵҲðţ֪֮ڣޱ߳һ˭֪롰һˡʤѩѷѽ⣬Ϊƽֵġ桱ʸˣ֪
ԣһҹ붨ʱͺȻ΢΢һЦȻˣǱɣ
䣬΢һɺɴӰͻȻ֣վڴɴ֮ԣ΢΢һЦӺѾʮСˣӲĲ̽
Ǻǡ
΢΢һЦûн硣
Ȼ߶ԷԼΪӡӰȵ飬Զȱǿ󣬶Ҽʦ͸رͨ쳹壬κˣҪϢǱߣΪ߳ףطûӹĸ֪ġ
ǣ̽һ£ôԸ¼ҵ°ɣ
Ը¼ңȣǿ϶У䣬羲䣬Ȼᡣڴڼ䣬Ҳһ飿
ʲô飿ԣһ˫ɴĿʵ
ɽƬǵգӶʧء
аգ
޽дһ˿أʵ
мɡ
ûаѻ˵ֻ̫΢ЦţһģɵĴ𰸡
ã㡣
˭֪仰ȴ΢΢һЦԥնصʲôʱҵɽƬ㣬ֻҪҸգ⣬ڶԴ¼ҵϣҪҡ
á
ԣһ⣬û뵽˵ޣȻ˼򵥣ŶԷ˵¼ʱҧгݣ۾ͨģһ΢ЦȻ
һֻƣãһΪҰԸ¼ңҵɽƬƬֺҸʮոȨ
һΪ
˵ڰžһ죬Լ
ջƣʵʲôʱ
һЦǰǲᡰˮͫ΢Цڵڡ͵ˣҼǵɽƬɶݶȥķֻҪһ·Ѱⷽȥн
䣬Ѿȷɳһ漴׷ϡ
á
ҹ޶ˣܹѲǵĻһ·Ϣޱ߳ǣգɽƬɶݶȥķߣɳ۶ȥ

һ·ǳ۵糸ϡ޵Ӱ⣬¹£ӰӶԿ
ƴٶȣʹ˻ȻںϵĴۻ֧֣ڼԼʱٶȣѾһѨ۷壬Ȼȴޱȵķ֣Ӱ죬ɡ
ʲôٶȸ·һߣǲʤǺΣȻֱȻ
⣬ԷôỶ£Լ⣬Էʤѩ֮Ӵѷѽ⣬вܵ漣
Ϊ㹻ǿŸģ¼ʵʩһԼһð֡
Ͼ֪¼ƴ£Ȼʵȳ׻ָѨ۷󣬸ǿ϶ʢҲ֪Լһˣ¼ȻɱȣǿӲײܾǼʯͷֻһͷѪֲ
ԣҪѣˣʹԸˣҲģȹ¼ҽ˽ύɡ
£˲ٱƴһȳƵٶȣޱ߳Ѱҹȥ
һ·ϣٻеǿɽƬĸӦ֮ӦһɽƬ䣬һ񣬶Է˯ûа㷴Ӧ
֪Ŀĵػ磬Ҳż޼·
ǻмʱ䣬ɽƬ죬֪ΣգѶݳԶһҵóģȻҲ֮ܳΪ
ˣһ죬˶ǳ߸·ģޱ߳ǵķΧһƬçϵɽͼһԣ״˵أΪʯɽ
˵ʯɽ棬мطе죬ʮֲֿ˲롣
ˣո˵󣬷νɽƬУ𲻹Σգ룬һյأʯϿ϶ȥ


571 ´̲
Լһʱ֮ˣһЩصĵط
˴ʯʣͱʯţãߣȡ񣬴ڲࡣ
룬һʮ־޴ӣУһʯϺº죬ӵף¶棬ֳһĹ
ʯɽյļص֮һʯϿҲ˳֮Ϊʯӡ
νʯȻӵײǿԼһСɽСĺںʯӣָʯڲ֪ǰȻ׹٣ӡ
УҪۣȴǸ֡
Ͽʯ׿ӡָס
ϿָƬϿȣʮΣգ׿ӣָֻһͨʯӵӣ̺ű֪Σգʯ˵˼飬ָʯûб濴ô򵥣вС
Թ콵֮Ǹ֮УʯΪ콵ȻҲһ֡
Ϊʯ˲̫տĦڵʣңȫȼһգʣµģֻǴʯʣʿܶȺܴ󣬼Ӳ쳣ѻ٣ֳơ
һϳĲ֮һԣʯһ֣ܿͻǵĺѱס֮
ȻΪޱ߳Χʯɽ׵֮һʯϿҲνʯӣν֪ˣҲ֮ꡣ
ǣôˣûдʯ⣬ϧ취ȥƶָʯˣȫĪˣֻҪΧɣǧɷΧڵȫһգʹһЩѨǿߣҲ⡣
һӴ˵Ϊɣ޵ߣ׵أأҲû˹ˡ
˵ؽţΪޱ߳Χ׵֮һ죬ԸģȴϡѼûм
˵أȻһֱеɽƬˡһһȻڴкֱײƺҪƵķɳ⡣
״ʱһϲȴɫڵҵˣڴ˴ˡ
תͷһĿ⿴ֵصţ֪ҿȫȻûаӦ
״һЦͷʣֻҪ֪ǿߵɽƬʯ֮УֻǾλãʱ֪ƺҪðһա
ţ
ƺҲĳɣȻ˵󣬵Ҳû֪ʯӵĲ
ȻôһֱΧҲǰ취գһɣ޻ǿڵϹ񻨻໤壬Σգ취Ծȣһ̽ʯΣ
״ʱҲûбİ취ֻõ˵ͷҲãһСġ
޵˵ͷ漴𣬵ܻ壬һһʯȥѰǿɽƬټ
ں棬е㲻ģں쳣Ѹ˳ȫһ
ǰ΢΢һЦ΢ůȴͷģҲԼСðյġ
ԷŲ΢ɣȻȫעʯеޣȫѾȫʱ׼¿Ӿˡ
ڴʱȻ
ͷ͵һеͨ쳹֪ãһ󺰣Сģ
һûӦڴʱಣಣಣಡ͵أУ֧ܶ飬ǡ
Ϯ
һ󺰣ԥһԾʯУһۣ˲佫£Ȼһ˦
ӭͣųһ緫СȻгϮļ֧ȫУȻһУڶɱ
ǵ㣬о綾İҶ̶ƿ޼ֶκһռ䡣
á
޼״֪ߣδʱѾӦºԥһԾǰȻһӣһƬɫ䣬·ɫĲƥǰȥ
컨䣬ϣž죬Ȼһһ𣬻Ϊɢ
аҲ޹ֻ޵ԱߵĵУʱ֮ɫȻ־綾ʹܳܣ˲ܵȾ

һ˲䣬ʶޣ˲ϳ־綾һɫ䣬ħȵĴ̲
Ҵˡ
һЦһż꣬գУ飬ʮȫ۰ĺˣΧʯΧ
Щ˵۾ǰģʮֹŹ֣ÿһ˫۾ضվʯ֮еˣоɱ¾ûа鲨
ǰȷ̫ˡ
޵ɫҲһתЩôϵġ
ԼΪԼ㹻СģȻС¼ҵޱ߳ǣֻѱ鲼¼ҵĶĿ
Լޱ߳ǣǰѰֻҪ¶κ˿Ͳ¼ҵļأǾǸԼˣѰｫԼ˰ΧҪһ򾡡
ɺԼʱ˴٣һ㣬¼˷˶ߣϳԼأӴ˸Լգ¶ɽƬŵ㡣
Щ죬¼ңޱ߳壬һڰѰɽƬ䣬ϧݹûĿĵأĿȥң˭ûа취ֻһ
ԣ¼ҾͰĿ˼пɽƬޣԼ޵ϣȻûǱôãʿ޶ѽԷ¶ˡ
Ҳɫֻǰ׺ţֱǿѾɽƬ䣬һӿټ֣ȰҪᱦһС
ʮ˽ްΧ֮ҲеͷԶһ֣߳һݵĺ


572 ߾
ˣ´һ˫ѥѥú軭ĺߣԵʮֹ졣
¼Ҹ߲ڲ࣬ϵóѥˣɽۣ֪֮ɽƬ⣬ӶǳỶ޽ǿȡһɣҪˡ
ỶħȵĵλͣôѥˣֻµλҪˡ
ɫһ΢΢ȥ
Ỷˣƾ˵ʵ֮£һս֮Խشӡѥˡƾ˵ȥȻɲ⣬ͬһƬ޵׺Ļ̽ס
ɽƬǲ
ͳɳƵ𣬽ѥߵǰϴһߣֻ¶۾ضеˣ˵
Ȼûа콾ڣƶɱԱ򶨣ĮУҲһ˿һһеĸо
ŶɽƬʲôôǴû˵
۾תתҪʱ䣬ԲߣЦǺǵ˵š
ߣ
ѥ˴ŭһָϣɱһҪѰɽƬ͡
ǣ
ܵʮˣӦһ䣬಻һ˿·ûи
䣬Ӷײλİλһ󣬰εʣȻһ˹Ŀ
ৡৡৡ
ĵХ𣬵˺ѿնأ⣬һ˲ˣΧС
ΰ
һۣ֪ͷ̣ȫһֻ½Ҫˡ
ս
ûж໰˼Ĭһһңݳ޳ҹȥһʹපצһʹ޻껨ơ
צצӭǣӭΧĺˣ޵޻껨ƣûһ޵Ļ䣬ȴǺɫǽΧм䡣

žžž
צƲϽǻܸһĳපצʤڹǿ󣬵ˣȴĬγһС͵ƣ˫һʱɽš
޵޻껨ƣͬˣ޻껨Ȼǿ޻һŶƷӦģҪϳȡ޻ά֣ʵûг׻ָ۷壬һʱ
ЩˣƵۣΧȴǿ£һٶѨڵʵҲ治֪ħȣôѨɱָ֣Ǳ
ңΣյǣܣˣʮˣʱӵ׼³ˡ
ٵˡ
սʮУ֪ƾපצκβǣֻƾԼĵʹƷѨԴԴµĵ֧ţǻۣһ߱ץԤϡ
ԣʽһ䣬󿪴Уȴְᣬපצں߽׻üǣ˲佫˱ˡ
ת֧Ԯ޵ʱ򣬡ৡȦ⣬ɱһʱ䣬˰ˣΧһˣٴ֧穵Ľ׶Ρ
ȼꡣ
۾УɫһͷϿգٴγ˼ת޻࣬Ǵð⣬ȻǲԸΪ־͸Ķ󣬴һʹý֮С
ɡ
״һҲ˲ݣһָ¶Ȼһָ˲䣬Ȼ䣬оͳһ
ͨͨƽƽһֻ֦֦ͨѾĥһ״ֱ򵥴ӵ˼㡣
һϵƶʱͣżŵĸоٴδϵԶһζսʤѩʱʹºǽĸо
ͼžһʽС
ȻͬĽУȻһΣȴƺȻ˲һĸое޹Ľ˲仮һĻƹ⣬ֻһۡ͡һһ˵ʺ
ˣоԼԶ㹻ʱֵܻҪֵܻʱ򣬽ͻȻӿ죬Ȼƺ˿Уһ̣ͳԼʺλ
ľ⡭ôܡ
˹˵ðѪݣ˻ȥ۾ϴ󣬲š
ԺУոγɵľ⣬޹Ľֵһ˲ⴥһ˿ͬâ˲丽֮ϣһɲֻԼеĽһᣬһ̣ٶȱǣȻ˲ƿС
һ̣ٳʱѾһߵʺ
⡭
Ҳɵһ㶣Ȼ֪޹ĽǿҲգԸȡ޹Ľóºǵԭ򣬵Ҳû뵽ΪȻʶеľ⡣
⻹һķ֣ҲĪľϲ
޹Ľֻһͨľһ磬˵ͨΪһǿһִӵԼĽģתһ˿Ĺ켣Բ
˵ʵôԶѷһƷֽģȴϵҲѡԭ
ڣȴȻԺиոγɵľ⣬⾫Ȼ֮ԳԤϣҲһʱûзӦ
ڴʱԺоˣͬʱֵƥΧ˷ȦУѡ
ȴˣһ֮󣬶ʱŭģһ˲䣬ڳ׽ΧóϵһʽҪɱ

۾һͬʱȴٺˣ֮ģһξе޹ĽȻľ⣬óһ֮ǰûùȴϴκʤѩһսͼžһУϣڻɵһȺɱУ˳
ԺȻһ۵ͬʱе޹Ľٴһһϸϸİ׹⣬һţͬâһ̣е޹ĽٶٴαǣৡһУʧ
һ̣ͬĻɫߣԾߵķ϶֮˵Ķͷ
ҽˣһбˣܵش׷׵أһߣ
Χ˲ɵһվڿӱ߹սѥˣҲɵ۾͵һ۾¶һ˿˼飬૵ص⡭


573 ޻
ͨ졢ɡ۷塢Բ
ֱӦâġǡۡ
Ȼȴڡ
ǽһʮ棬ɼֻмĻɣһɣܴɽؿƣֱǿ󵽲˼顣
˳֮ΪΡ
Ҳ˵˽ˣһ˿ĳΣһ˿֮
޸翡
⣬ȴ޼᲻ݡ
޹ֺʶĽѥˣμһĻ˲䣬ɵݣ۾д˾ɫ
󣡡
ʮˣ״׷Ծ볡УԭҴߣһΧ
ʮˣȫѨڵѨڣһֱ֣ǿÿ£Ĺ˸γһ޴ͼֲѹȸӿ
ʽ˵һѨڣѨ۷壬벽ǿߣɱ
Ȼߣѥ˸ӰٶȼӳɵĳϣЩ࣬ȴӰӣͼ˸֮󣬾ͱͻơ
һ̣ͻУ޹Ľûৡৡٴλˡ
ѥ죬״ͲסˣһŭȣС
䣬һ˾Ȼ·һֽ㣬Ȱһ͵սȦ룬µ˫ۣ¶ɱŭĹâ
ৡ
һư
䣡
ͳµĺ𣬺½ѥ˵һƣͬеаһֻʻľƣֱץĿڡ
δһʮаĸоֱϮͷ
ǿһֻ̣һϢƺܣ˾£µĸо
޻ơ
ǱߣۼĻʧɫҲ˲ú֢ǿһ˿ȼ˵İΧҪϹԮ
Ǻǣߵô
ʣ˼״һЦһ֣ӣս˲䣬ٴα
ʵǿͬʱ԰Ѩкϵǿߣǲٴ˱ٽٷŭ޼£ԽԽ֧穣ԽԽۿ־ֻʱ⡣
޻ƣš
ȻûлͷǱ޷ľʱ֪ѥ˷ĴƣԷͬһ㣬Ȼ˽
ңҲȷˣʮˣȻǿ󣬵֣ûѥ˴Ŀɲоٶȿÿ£вҲԶʤʮ֡
޻ƣ˼壬ѹܴԼǿѹȣ⻹ûйһУֻҪ඼ڷˡ
λӰ
ǧ֮һ˲䣬Ȼһ飬·ǵĹâԭɢȥһˣȴ֪ΪΣͻؽһԣԭڵλá
һ̣ۣ
ѥֲһƣ׵ףȫȫغ˵ؿڡ
ˣ۾¶˾֮ɫȻһʹֻǵͷͿԼؿڣ·Ƕ꣬׷תƿһ󶴡
ϢһϣͨһԵ۾ôģǲԼ۾
ಿλȴƺǸձһֻպ滹ĻǣƮɶȻ࣬ȴǳϢ

ʮһֽһ٣ͣס˽Ųǰ

½ѥںشµǰջƣһֳε۾УѾֻʣıɱ⡣
ںɱԼһ£ںģǶԷȻĹȻƻľԼһµԼǰڳϷԼ̶ȵȼˣȻ̡
ܺãɹŭˣգұô
½ѥˣ۾¶˲Ĺâİĺ𣬷·ѪĶߣ¶յ
ħ
䣬½ѥǵĺɫħΧһ£˲ѣ¶һµļ
߼ͬӡϣۣͬһϵߣӣɫѪУģȴǲɫѪҺ
ǿ󵽲һĺ½ѥˣȻһѪˡ
ȻɲģЩѪۣϣȻ˴СС֩룬ܣһСߣЫӣԼ̵򼣬Уֻ̱צǮ
Щ֩룬ܣЫӣߣ򼣬ǮԴԴϵڵѪҺֻеѵһ̣˿
Χʮˣ״۾һ¶˿־֮ɫ׷׳󻺻ȥȻЫ
½ѥˣҲûǣȥԼϵ֮۾¶˷ܺͲ֮ɫһٴγץһƻӳƮһѬŻζ֮ζ
ֻ΢һ˿㲻ɵͷԷΣԺгӰ·Ѫǣɱ¾֮С
Χĵ棬˲ڣʯ飬Ҳһ˲ϢΪ촷̶ۣ֮£Ȼʵﶼɴݻ١
á
һ̣ʹ޹Ľ⣬Ҳɵɫ䣬һθܵ˾Σ½ѥʵȻĻҪ¡
ħͲϣݣƿ֮
ؽѥˣȻ̿µķʽֱδţδҲɸеһĺ


574 ʯ׹

һΣ½ѥ˵һƣ޻ƣȻȴһȫͬն
ֲĻ֮ڶ𣬳棬ǻڣѹȶܵĪѹ
ߡ
Ӱ߶£ѥٶ෢ӵµٶȣһΣѥٶȼӳ߳߼ޣμֱͬȫУһ˿Ӱˡ
¾ˣٶ㹻ʱɵ㹻֮죬ܿӰӰһ࣬ǿǣٶͻ˼ޣȴַ豹棬ʲôˡ
һеյ㣬ռţޡ
ͻһʱ½ѥ˵ƾҲˣһ˾ͳʮɿ⣬ֱͬ˲һ㣬½ѥ˶һ㶣ǧһƣȻա
Ժ˼ת˼Ӧ֮ߡ
Ȼոջɵ˺½ѥ˵һƣ֮գΪףղű˵һֱӴУһ̣ˡ
ţղž½ѥ۷ʵܳΪħʮһ¿϶һЩƣ򲻵ѣó
Ӱϴ߶״̬ĸѥȻǿ󣬵಻Ұ֤ٷ֮ٴδܹԷĹö֮ǻ·磬ǳղѡ
Ȼû뵽ûӦ֮ߣ棬½ѥˣһֻ֮΢һ㶣Ȼ漴һЦĻĿ꣬ת򱻰Χʮ֧穣ޡ
ƾ£ֱ޺󱳡
á
״ɫ䣬ȻҲ֪ȥӲƴߡ
ȻҲܼȣԣۼգʱ˲Σٴһȫ߶ѥӰ½ѥ˹ȥҪΧκԣȺ½ѥ˻ء
Ǻǡ
½ѥ۽⣬Ȼɨ׷Ӱ⣬Ŀġ
ٺһЦһӣƾ㼴ɻײڡ
һ̣ƾƲ˥ֱ޵ĺ󱳡
ѣ
һãһͷȻҲ˺½ѥ˹һĻжʱһ˾֮С
ˣǿԴƽ֣ѾļޣƶŲʮУڣּһµ졣
֪޿ɱ⣬һᣬɴ෢ʯٵһУٹܰ˳ĹԴ֮һ컨ȽȽ𣬲תȴһ˲䣬Ϊꡣ
֮ͬʱһըȻֺһ˲䣬һɼµĵڵصսӶ
䣡
һ̣½ѥ˵һƣѾ޵ǰƴһͬʱ˺½ѥ˻Ŀɲƾϡ
飡
һɲľ죬ͬʱɣ֧ŲסһѪɶ֪ˡ
ȻҲùȻûȼ֮˲伤ԼǱʵǣڶԵỶ֮ʱ
ȻʹˣҲỶҰܣ˴ӻھ£ڣԵĵˣԶʤỶħʮУλߣΪµĵھ
ʵͬն
ˣ޻౬ըȻҲֻ˲Է߳ɵʣµĳɣصغϣķ֣˲ѣȥ
һ̣飡
һɲ죬ͬƸɶѪɫҰֽ˲ʧȥս
ֻҪһˣܽɱ״
ܹ
һԣٸֱƵĿѣͷķŭǰ˴ȻԷʵǿڶйأܣûоȫı֡
Ǹ
һ˲Įһ̣ϣɲĺη½ѥˣֱӲӲܿ׷ļʮˣֱ޹Ľббһ٣´֮ٴη
ˮ򴨣
ɫˮ·ǵأ˷˫ơ
һ̣ˮ澫ټۣΪת壬ɢγ󺣣ͼžڶʽ߽׻ü֮һǿ֮ˮиںϣӳ˿µ
ˮʯӶȾɫ˫֮ڣںϽľӡȻһҲƺʲô⣬֮Ľ֮С
䣡
һ̣ĽУ½ѥ˵޻ƣһڿж
Χȥ׼ȡĺˣȴȻһ˲䣬ֻǰһףȻʲôˣУıըһ̣ȫ˳ȥ
ˣѪ˲Σȫλڷ
˼жײ֮£
½ѥƺһԺˣʯӣƺһǶײʮ׸ߵİգɳʯ쾪ǿʯܵȻһ
һ̣һɿµĺ·ӱ档
ɵڵأǡñܹޣԼӦԾܹƽλõ½ѥˣʣļʮˣһʣȫ˲仯ΪѪˮ
ʯ֮
һ˲䣬սе½ѥˣͣסˣĿ룬ǿƺֽݼţָƽĺںʯ۾жһ˿𾪣ֲ


575 컯ϣ
ǿʯͷ
޵֪ʯ׿ӵɲǲ̫죬ֻΪ𾪡
½ѥˣʹǽ֮ˣޱ߳оסôãҲһʯ׿ӵĴֻһֱδϣȫûԤϵʯ׿ӣȻΣգʱһʧء
ʮ£ȫһɶ
ȻУҲв޵Уʮʮĺˣһ˲䱻ʯ׹⻯ΪѪˮ
ħȻҴҵҪʮѨȴҲףģǽ֮еĴ̲Աˣû뵽Ȼ˲ұ䣬һĶʱ÷ŭֺ¡
ͬʱһ˿
ʯ׿ӣ˾޴ǿʯͷֻ²һʯ
ڻȥʹѰɽƬֻҲҪϲֲĳͷϾģһĴ̲Աβνش
ܽʯͷӡͻȥһλʦƳ˵һ䶯µԼûȥ޹й
ΪʯƷٵģпܣһ䶯µļƷвСĸʣΪ뱦
˲䣬½ѥ˵۾Уֳ̰ǿںʯĿ⣬ȶḻ

ɱ
ҪõɽƬǺںʯ½ѥ˶Ҫɱ·ںʯڸ˻Ϊô꣬ûܽߣȻϾͳʡ
ɽƬ½ѥҲȷΪҹζ࣬նɱޣҳߺһǽԴϲľ档
ԣ½ѥ˵һ׼ɱޣѰɽƬ
ܹӡʯİ취żҾǡ
֮߶޻ƣ½ѥ˵һҪģɵڵصޣûܡ
һΣӰϸѥļӳǿܣȻԷֻתޣԼ޲ߣԷֱԹԹӲӲ
޹ĽתٳһʽСǧ
ͼžںһɫĽ⣬˲佫Ⱦ죬Ȼֱ½ѥ˽£ľ޻ײһ
䣡
һɲ죬ԺˣǱһ˿Ѫ˲Сơ
ͼžںɱУȻǿ󣬵ϾȲ϶Է֮ʹħ֮У޻ƣټ֮ΪȶԷѷɫֹһһ¸һӴһС
Ȼ󲿷ݵ֮ɢʣһС֮ȴ޿ɱ⣬մϣ˲䣬һ֮ļƤĤĹ
ʼеȫ£ģأȫήѪͣͨл˵Ϊڼصˡ
á
Ȼ֪ħŹаǳҲûϵֻһನ
ܲˣȥٹ棬Լֻ±ҪڶԷ£׸
ΰ
ԴѾʹþӡ
һΪΣս٣ֻҪƾǻۺֶΣУûҪʱ
ҲΪ֪Ȼǿ󣬵Ȼմ֮к󻼣ʱ֪ʲôҲ֪ԲСһʱûУֻʱδѡ
Ϊһֱ뿿ԼԼ
ʱΣգҲԸԼʵʵԣΪֻΣͷܼԼǱӶһ¥
ڲͬˡ
һԻ֪ɵڲ࣬Լܻɱ޿϶Ҳجˣ̵ġ
ǶԷа֯ħȵĳԱ֮λȨص֮һˣһɱˣֻ²гͷн
ϾӡִеıǳͶ֮аħΪ£ɱ֮ھǧˣֻй£
ԣֵͷԼκһžԲʵѾһ벽ĽѥĶ֣һΣҲ˲˲ʶеľ˫Ŀ˲ȼԼ֮һľΪۣһʽ֮
ת
¡
ʾգȻ׹ԶԽԽǿմֱֱеǺ½ѥˡ
½ѥֻ˫ۣȻͨһƬûע⵽ͷֱо춯һ̧ͷɺûɢ
ףôܣ
һȫ£һɿɲĺٶǣһԼٶȥ
ȻûϵǣͷףȻҲӰΣϣ׷ȥͷ䡣
䣡
գ½ѥ˼һԲιŶܣֵɵ׷
Ȼĳɣϣ˲䣬䣬ѥڣͬȼչͷð̣׽ڣվͷţȴðһɿµɱ
Ҫ
䣡
һ̤һеԲιŶֱһӣͻΪһƬǵڵأˤƬȴһķرֱӱһ׷˷Ʒ
˫һƣȻһŴδȷ
˫ŽѥϵĺƺŤ̲Ϊ𣬲
߲ߣ


576 컯У
ڿգƾˡ
½ѥһߣȻ޻ƣȻһſɲľ
Ȼں½ѥͷˬΪһпһ꣬ӭ棬ȴһ׻ͷ
̷
¡
ҵıըһ쳹ŭХһӰгȻסȻȫͬ̿ð̣ɱڣȴֳ˾벻⡣
ôܣ
˫ת⡣
ǣ˵ô
˫Ŀڣ½ѥ˵ɵڵأֽһʮȥ߳ɣʱһҲֶ֪ܼá
ԣûӡ֮ǰй˼ɣһӡǾ͸ɴøɴ࣬½ѥ°ɡ
ӡ֮
䣬˫Уڰ֮⻯ں½ѥͷγһʮɣԼ˳ߵľ͹⽣
⽣ն£Զ֮еɳʯԶĵĺںʯһһһƬģһš
½ѥ̧ͷ۾о𾪺Ͳ⣬ӣȴ֣ͷ⽣Լ֮£Ȼ÷ֺֻǿһ˿塣
Ȼ֣ѰԿɱݣ㾡֮Ϊ̷һ֮£ν֣ȴһЦˡ

һŵź£ں½ѥ˶ͷȻһѪߡ
Ѫߴ£ֱ½ѥ˲䶨
һ̣һ½ѥȻж֣ԵȥѪˮȪӿһ̳˲佫Ⱦ졣
״˫еȥسһίڵأۼֿ죬ץסһͻʯǿ֧ûе£ɫҲҰ˼֡
Ȼ˳ؽ˶֣ľҲľĿǰͬһˣʲôʣҲֻ׸ķˡ
ңʯӣأôûˡ
½ѥ˴⼸ʮˣҪô޵£Ҫôʯ׹֮£һȫڷ½ѥҲ췣֮º󣬴˵Ҳʹ˼ž
ֻʣˣԭأܾغϢ
յʱ֣Żָһ㾫ǿһֽţȻɾþ鲻ѣ˶վѾӵһ
ţŲȥ˽һʱ֮ŵ޵ǰ̽һıϢãϢڣʱû¡
ʱѾԹȥһžϣȫѪɫ
̶ʱڣڶʹûȼ꣬ȻһΣոںϴۻֵԭ򣬻ûг飬ϣԭϾˣ֧Ųס֮£ԡ
ӴȡһҩƿͳһУҲԼһţϥԱһĬĬϢһʲһսһЩѵ
߿˵ħȣȻ쳣ǿ󣬽һ󣬾ƼλʮλѨĴ̲Աܻһλħڡ
ϢһȥֻҪ½ġ
Ȼڴ˵ĿģֻΪһɽƬûпܻԭǲһܣı
ȻһУֻĲ²⣬û֤ݣ΢£Ҳ֪Ϣ˵ȥҲš
෴пܵ·Ч˶񾭲ڰУ۲죬һЧ
УҲɲһ˿£һ˿ûڡ
Ȼ㹻СģǴˣ̫С¼ħȵǿԲŵ±ԷβϣԣԼҲǳ췣ŻǣȻ롣
ңʯ׹ԭ򣬲Ȼ㾡ȫܺ½ѥ죬ʣµļʮˣҲ㹻ܣԼ˻ɱʱɱٶҲ첻Լ
ңҲһ⣬Ǿǣӡǰޱǿ󣬻һ췣ܻԼ׵ĵˡ
ڣԽ󣬾ӡԽƣǶЩǿİ벽ǿ֮һ췣ԴЧ˵ˡ
ԣͱһΣԼȫ췣һһֻһ½ѥˣʱģԼˡ
ˣ췣Ȼǿ󣬵ȴ̫󲿷ʱ򣬻ҪչԼʵֻԼʵǿˣٽ췣֮Լܸбϣ
Ȼ췣֮ҲǺҪģȻ죬֣Բ½ѥĶ֡
Էʵʵ̫ǿˣλԶˣﵽ벽ĵزЩѧƩħ޻ƣ߲ߣضǿÿһţľѧ
ЩѧȻȻ̣òϣʵǿһЩƷӰƷපצƷȵȡ
˼Щδ䣬һžȻð˴ŵһЩѧҪǿôЩӺζ˭ڣǾҪˡ
ɢңԲȾǾֻһܣЩȫǳħȡ
ˣħȣͱĻҪ£һʱ֯ɵа֯£һʧܣͻҷ
֯˼ɣԼĴУԼĽƶȣ֯Ѿڰ˴š
ԼĵƷ֣ǣһİ˴ţµľС
һУʱӵеϢ࣬¶ۡ
ֻߵĿУҲ֪ħȣжǿһλǰ벽ӵʮλ˵֯Унʮİ벽ǿߡ
֣Ѿ˾ţУȻ벽ǿҲ٣Ҳͼλʮ
Ҫǣ֮ϵģиһġħǿߡ
λħֻһλλǿߣҲ㹻ֲˣ֯ʵģҪӴ󣬻Ҫɲöࡣ
ڴһλǻ˶Էϲǿ֮һԷ֮ĶԹǽˣԷȫ⣬һʱ鲻˭Ϊֻ¿϶ҲС
һ֪պֻ¾ˡ
Ҳ£ˮڣţȻػ嶼ܹעħȵĴڣ˴ţ鲼£Ŀڶ࣬ٹ̣һ
ԷĶֻ֣һԼ¡
ԣǹ¾ս̫ɵ
뵽ԷȫûΪʯ֮ȻһתͷָƵʱڣǿУڰʯ
Ҳʱһ̽ʯ֮ʱˣҸӦɽƬǲ˴ҲҪ취Ȱճ
뵽ˣĿŻָһŲʯǿںʯȥ£΢΢˸£Էһ
˭Ҳ֪ںʯʲôʱ򱬷Ȼ챦ģΣҲòһеġ
ԽУεѹԽǿ
ֻҪͷһӡϢǹѹɢӰ٣һһСĽأڣԼʱֺ룬վںʯǰ


577 컯£
ͷȥںʯԼһߣҪ˵һڵصףʵڲС
ңղԶڣںʯһɫ·ڲ˸ǳ
ͷųһ˿ʯҪ̽һ
ںʯʮֲ򵥣ֱִȿ̽һ
Ȼûϵոջָٷ֮һһ˿ǰĺںʯ֮ʱȴȻһ٣һ㼫Ϊʵϡ
ϳɫԲΣľ赲⣬һ赲֮
ҪƳϣ̽룬ȴ֣ľ̫СȻ޷롣
һ£һЦȻ뵽ʲôȴǲ۾һ
ˣô
䣬ںʯϥ£һУȴƿ
ƿһһϣɫƿУһĴָСɫҩԲΣӨ͸һĲ
ɫƿУһ۴СϺ쵤ҩɢһ㣬һι͸
ڸոսޱ߳ʿϣõʤ鼶ƷС굤һö鼶Ʒһö
öҩо꣬侫ЧУ񵤹Ч֣Ϊ֮ʱͷӡһ˿쾫һ룬ĵá
Ѩ۷徳£պãˣˡ
뵽˴ԥһſڣ֣ȽöС굤˸С
ɫС굤һڣ͸еʶһС굤ΪһɹɫĵҺһصľʶ
ڣոջָһСƾ֮ʱ¶˷֮飬ͬŵζɿسΧ˹ȥ
һ̣
˲䱻ͬȻʶ΢ʵ΢ʱǣﵽԭĹģԼָԭҡ
鼶ƷĵҩһǲΧںںʯΧϣӦþܶ༸ְˡ
㻹УҲ߰˷ֻᡣ
ûżٴȥԣǸС굤ԼʶԼʶһر仯
С굤Ǵָ꣬ġ
ãǾȥڵʣÿ˵ľ棬Σ٣Щ߸ȾһЩħ
ЩħӰžĲʣʹòô⡣
ԣЩ涫Ӧüȥա
ԽȥЩͻԽ⣬ԽΪľľ֪֮شвСĺô
ȻС굤ҲȻֻ鼶Ʒ鼶ƷУȴҲǲɶõı
Ȼ
оʶо׳ʮ֮󣬱仯ȴûֹͣ
һ˿˿صʼϵĳľľܵϴӣһ˿˿ʣ𵴣ճȥʶ⣬ΪһƵĺɫ̡
еԺһɣ壬Ҳ˼֡
ϲõͬʱٴӣͷԼʶʣµľȻƱСһȦȴӴ⣬ɫøܳص˼ࡣ
ͬڣõһ
ֱǹ𵴣ʧʶУֹ֮ͣľø·ҹյǳгīɫչļ
ɫԽԽΪǿ󣬾һǿӡе췣֮ͲǰʹôӣαΪĴΣΣΣ࡭
ӳľӡҲܸ󣬸ǿٲҪſܻɱһλ벽ǿߣһͿԣͬʵ˺ܴ
պвħûпܡ
ֵҩϡ٣ʹôҲƣÿÿͬĵҩʹһţٶûЧˡ
ȻȻС굤Ϊϡ٣ʮ󣬵õЧã϶Ը⻨ѲƵĴȥ๺򼸿ţֻ£ȴûбҪˡ
С굤ҩЧʧٽץʱ䣬µڶϺ쵤ҩ񵤡
񵤣С굤ֲȫȻͬ
Ʒߣ󣬶ЧҲȫͬ
ͬΪһŽҺɢһΣɢȽϡ٣ֻԭľָ֮Լٷ֮ӡ
գľҲָٷ֮ʮҲʮ֮ĵزȬкܴľ롣
ȴһص˳žĵĵϡ
صһεɫľ֮У⣬ֻٶȴҪࡣ
ĵ󣬾ѨΧЩ۳ŵİɫУȾһĨɫ۾΢һ˿ںɫĵܣһָ͡һҲûôںʯΧһɢڵصСʯʱըΪһ̳

ɫԾȴһ˿ϲɫ
Ȼ񵤣Ϊ鼶Ʒ̺˿쾫ΪǷǿߣ
Ҳֻּ۳ɴ֮ͻƵϵķ֮
ڣȴҩѨڣһ˿
ӰԲСԺиĻᣬõɫʵ۷ĺôͼ㡣
Ȼϲһ֡
վԾʯ۾
²޿ʱѣٵһεʶеľΪһݺһ̣㳯źںʯΧγɵǵľϴȥ
һΣȻ裬һģһ˿ھ֮󣬾֮ʱⱩǣ
ڣԼƬʱ֣ʶеľٴ߷ֵ£ľͬһβһƬǳ󺣡
ĿһƬѤõ澰·ص֮˵ںʯ䳾һĻ
ãã棬ǳ졣
ȻһųɫǳâɢƲȼգգ׹ޱ߳ΧһɽΪһںʯ
ϮתںʯɢһصɷΧ󣬲ľԻȥΧɽأǣҲʧȥڱƽ
ֻ¶ɣʾƽ
컯
ǣ䣬컯


578 طޱߣһ
컯һ֣Ʒ׸ߴƷнףǱ֮򣬼ϡ٣ɳޱȡ
½Ʒһߵȼġ
Ʃ磬ɴ컯ǺųܰͻƷıҩ컯ζҩﻯλؽ˥ݵȣƷ͵ȣߵ಻Ʒеȡ
һߵȶûС
ɾˣҩؽ˥ݵȣѾȣżУһﻯλ
ˣǲ׺飬ջ񣬲á
ƷĶϡٺѵãҪ˵ߴƷڵ컯ˣǾǿ컯ļֵˡ
ĳЩ˵й֮
Ϊ컯ȻҲλб಻ǱƷǿһ˿Ӱӡ
ƷףӦλѨ۷嵽֮䣬ΪǰͻƷ֮ã˷þͲˡ
컯ȴǿֱƳļƷģѾ磬컯Ϊı
ȻҪһλƱʦУҲһļʧܡ
½֮ôϡ٣һΪ˴ŵڱѹĵصףѹλԶħ˽ãԱԡ
ҲΪƱĲѰûвϣȻ޷µı
ԭͬҪΪżõһܹĲƷģΪ޷ҵܽƳɱʦԣӵģãֻţȴᡣ
äĿʹãһЩʦʦ֣ͼпܣòϵƷ׷Ӳˮƽ
ղģͿֻƷƷ뱦ѡ
ȻˣҲѾΪˣϾ䣬ƷƷҲѨһĶõһѣӵб붼롣
ǿߣ
ڣһٿƳһƷĿʯпܳĻһƷֻҪʹãҵ֮ˣֱͻƷһֱʹȥ
ȻȻõģôˣֹʯȴһֱûа취ʹãȻǵʵֶβйأȻҲΪʯͷԭƷ̫ߣһֶȡߵġ
Ҫ߷ӳãҪܽΪУӡأȻ컯ʣֻܸɵۣ˷ѻᡣ
֮ǰλħȵ죬ѥ˲ûʶںʯݣ֪ƷĵĲʣԲΪֻƳƷr߼Ʒ֪ںʯƷ컯ֻѷ񣬲ϧһдҲҪõ֡
ȴ

ƷģѰ󲿷ʧ䲻ѵһѰ
УҲɽˮɽ֮У޷ü
һһֻı½Ѫᣬ䶯ǿߣҲ޷⣬һĴ֮С
ϾӵһƷģȻһƳһһĸʣҲһƷƷ
ƣǰ컯֮ûбǿ߷֣Ϊû뵽Ϊһ֮أƫƧһż˴ţûһڴˣȻѲֲ
죬ӵŶ컯Ĺܡ
һƷΣԶԴһ˿ԣĳЩϣ˵ͬӵв׵ѹЧ
ңƷ׸͵ǵͼףмֱնϣϬ֮
룬һƷƷĶսȻҲܴ󣬵ûһƷһնƷģ컯ƳȴһĿܣһ̶ȡ
ͬ˵ӵдǾ̫󣬷ҲӵƷԼ֮µģսУһԷնΪϣԷƱض裬Ҳõشˣټʵչ֡
ֱɱ񣬷ɱ
мСĸʣϸƷ׵ֻҪƷ֮ڣǧ֮һ֮һ֮ļʣԷݻ١
Ȼʾе㳶ˣ̫СԺԲơ
һƶԷп϶ҪѪҲп̵һ롣
һ̣𾪳۾ϲ¶˼ı顣
ãƽеļ֪һлǾˮ£컯Լһг룬ǰΣԺпٱֳһԵС
ʱֱѪ˼ˣõѽ𣬸޷ܡ
ԣϢһ侲ͷһ̷ۣ´ɫ΢˼֣Ծûתƺһʱ䡣
ղûпо˳Ҳţǰһںʯ컯Ȼģ̫޴ˣôۣҲͱ˲
ȻղһСģŴĺģҪȡߣֻĺλãˣпܣߡ
ټϣɽƬ䲻ԣȻ֪ڴ˵أ಻֪λãٴϢһٴμо񣬻ʯ֮ϡ
һû³ç˿룬һ˿˿룬ȻܽȻͬ
֮ǰǳĸоʧֻһƬڣ΢裬ԲعͨȻҲ󣬵޷ȳԴŵĵӲʲôˡ
ֱЩ̽ʯĲλʱŶȻ֣ʯڲһطȻͬղ̽ĵط
·ʯֻ࣬ԼһȭͷС˸⣬Өҫۣȥͷ·һľ
ڲ˸â貣ͬһСƬ棬ǳת
һЩֻһǵİԲƬУ¶һ˿ϢͬΣɽƬ
ɽƬҵˣң컯Χʣ¶ɷɣԼֶζѡ
Իޣ컯ҲһһıȻԼֶΣǽ⣬ԼֻҲ޷֣ںʯһͨ


579 طޱߣ
ֻǣ漴ֲüͷ
Ҳ֪ľλãһ֪ɽƬҲУôȡȴһ⡣
ˣ赲һأȻ֪ںʯĲͬѰȴûһˣܹߡ
ڣҲͬ⡣
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ۾һ
һһȻɽƬ֮以Ӧ϶һԲѿ֮ĸӦ֮ܲܽȡ
뵽
һУԼĴУʱâһ漴һЩȱƬȻ֣ǰС
ȱƬͨ徧ӨɢľԣֻǷɢĹâȴ·ӵſµյĲԵü䲻
ΨһϧֻһƬԼӤƴСȱΣԲΣԶ
ֻǣˣ¶ķˣڰУͬ߾٣뵱涴ߣȡʱâģȻͬ
⡭
΢һ㶣漴ףƬΪӦһƬĴڣԲ죬ƽʱ򣬻ʮͨעĿ
Ȼ
Ƭһ֣ˡľӦУںʯУǿ컯֮ԣһЩɽƬʱˡһһֱĹâ
ǹâɽƬӦâȻںΪһ
УֳһֻϵİԲӰ
ֻӰֹֻһ˲ܿͻɢЩźûпȫò
ϧΪ

һ죬ںʯ֮УǿɽƬܵ٣ʯΪһӨĺ⣬ֻתɽƬںһ𣬾ȻȱȻƬ
ƬɽƬںһ֮󣬰׹ʢħͫ۲֮£ϵƣȻڰ׹֮Уʧ
۾һ˲˲ϴһĻֱãհ׹һâ±УһͨԲƬһ㣬ۡ
ΨһĲ࣬ԭԭһС飬ڵһ顣
˵ԭֻһСƬȱΣڣİȱΣӵԲķ֮һС
Уչ⣬գȴκζߣƺȷֻһͨİԲƬûκ֮
֮ǰһĻټĿùųľҫԼ¼ҴỶħȵһλƬټһƬĶѨеõȻףƬԲͬΣֻʲôܡ
ɽƬܣΪ̫ͣȼ̫ͣʱӴ
ΣҲֻٴνԲƬ봢Улᣬó۲졣
ƣ½ʷдԭļأҲǷһĸˣʸӴܣʱûлᡣ
ǣʹ֪ܣȴܷջΪƬѵ϶˺ܶ˵ǰ档
ֻǲ֪ƬͬɽƬѻҲָܻȫ
һУöֻ֪ܷ¡
£ѾɹȡɽƬһϲֻǻȫɡ
ΪȡɽƬȡɣûʲôƳƷģ컯ɾûôˡ
ٴĿǰںʯ
ΪʯһڵصףУͨڲáһȻ֪ĺģҲֻ֮ಿλһСȭͷСľѡ
Ҳ׼ȫߣǴǿ龧ߣ㹻
ģһЩ߽ϣֵǮ治ôϡ
Ҫǣ̫һ㴢仹ղ¡
̺ɷû֮ǰ޷ֱӽ봢УҲˣںʯ޲ߵԭͷ۵Ĺؽ
ֱӿ봢䣬ˣһӣܽһΪС
Ҳֲͱȡˡ
òң
ˣ޷˰ߣ޷봢ľԭ
ǱǣⲻɢһųųӰ촢Ŀռ֮ܣԣʹųʧЧ޷봢ߡ
ƾӲᣬ˵ʯжأǸһųҲΪġɷ¶һ˸ܲסήڷҲʯӴ˵أһֱ˳֮Ϊ׵صԭ
ľ󲻳
Ϊǲʶ컯γɵⳡ򣬶ǰ˴߻ɷƽľҰݣȻ޷ΧĳлѨǿߣҲѵֵԣԶﻯŰ׵ء
֪ԭ򣬾Ϳ취ƽųߣʱӡųĿռܾ֮ͲֹԽȡˡ
ֻôƽ˵صĴųܣҲһΪͷʹ飬˼ת˼ֶԲԼͷӵеֶΣҲһһٷϡ


580 طޱߣ
Լһӡ
Ȼ۾΢΢
һԡ
ȻˣԼѧͫһͫΪӡͫԼѾѧļ֮ͫһ
ֱͫΪħӡѰ͸ԴսԼ
еڶͫǷӡ֮ͫ˵зӡһ֮Խ˷ӡɻʯ
ȻҪﵽǸ磬ʮѣͬΣֻҪüһܵġ
Ȼڿ϶ûдﵽǸ磬ӡ컯ȴǲһԡ
Ǿӡ
֮ǰģѹԽԽأԵֵųʱ䵱ɷȻ֪ʵ컯ԶɢĴų֮Ѩǿ߶Եֵеܡ
ǣֻ΢һ˿ӡϢų·ʧӰ٣Ҳоˡ
˲ףľӡ϶ԶԶ컯Ķԣڣһ˿ӡ֮ǲǿ԰Լɹӡ컯
뵽΢ǰںʯͷųһ˿ӡ˫΢΢һһɫܣͳںʯ֮ϡ
¡
˲䣬ںʯһظоõʯģǿĴľΧĴ򳡣˲һңȻ·ˮһ飬ɢ
Ȼڲٴβµųֲǣȴȷôһ˲оǿ컯һޱ¶ǰͨʯ顣
ֻһͨʯ飬ûųıȻ˲佫봢УʹҲ
һȻΪӡȻΧųȷ˲һΣֺܿĻָ˹Ҵųʢ
ȴǼʹץסһ˲֮봢䣬ƵųһŵеĿռṹпܣƷȫ˿ռ
ʱȴģܾǴʧЧ˲䱬ըĽ֣жǧսе컯ҲʧӰ٣׷ռ䣬Ҳˡ
뽫컯봢䣬Ϊ˵õɾԼһɲΪ˰׷ѹһԼеĻȫߣġ
ˣѹƣٷӡΨһ֮·
ٴͷųһ˿ӡ֮컯ΧĴһѹ飬ûлָǧ֮һ˲ٴοӡ֮ͫ˲䣬˫У⣬·һţڵںʯڲʱ˲컯Ϊâڻ컯ڲ
һ̣飡
һ죬ʶܵ޴𵴣һԣڱѪ˳
ʧˣ
ҡҡ·ԲһЦû뵽һγԣʧˣһ⵽ķɣ̫СΧų
û£ȷֱӻָһ֣ܵȻ֮֮ܲⷴΧܴųҪǿö࣬ģʮ֮䡣
⡭
һ˲еΪˡ
еһ뵽˷ΪЩƣô׵Ľ
Ҳѡ
ȣǾӡѹʱ䣬ֻôǧ֮һ˲󣬾ķӡ֮ͫƺûң޷컯׷ӡһ⵽ķγɲİˡ
ô죬ǿǿȣһΣǲ֪ѹȣ᲻һƻ麱ʣתΪһֱ߽ӻˣ
ˣǿ͵ʴףҿ϶Ҫˡ
Ȼ취϶ûа취õ룬һģǾһΡ
ʧܲʲôԣ϶УȻˣʧܾʧܣôԹлɹ
㽫ȥҲķﱩˣοֻҪСһ㣬ԼΣÿӵķȶ΢Сһ㣬컯ܳܵļѹвСļʣԳɹ
Ȼðա
ĿϢΣƽʶзڲݵĸоǿܣٴվһΣվԶȻٴͷųһ˿ӡѹǿ컯Χ
һΣͷŵѹϴδԼٷ֮һȻһεĽһģһ컯һ𣬴ܳľ˲ٴܴɫɱò԰ס
Ҳţԣ
Σٷ֮ʮ
䣡
һΣ컯ΧܴųѹƵʱ˽һ˸ĺ⣬ƺҲͣôһ˲˲䲻ɵɫһ䡣
ãЩˡ
ջԼٷ֮һӡѹ컯ΧܴųŻָ
ԼκȷһӦòܵٴοӡ֮ͫͷų⣬ڣȻеķӡɹû
컯ܼͬȻһֲܴų˲еӡ֮⣬ȫ֣ٴη
䣡
ٴοѪ˾һۣʱڣҲԡ
У
֪գǾԲܽ컯ޱ߳ˣò㣬׼ʱ䣬ǵԼľȫָ֮һΡ
ȻʱܳɹȻҲ޷İ컯ȻŲ֪ܣܾô̵ʱڣߣԷһ
ԱߣϢһҹþս١
ĿǰҪ֮£ȾޣһȻ˴أţʱҲӦòˡ
Ȼ
շ컯ϻߣɫѾƽٹյʱֺ󣬡̡һȥޣڻѹһ˫Ŀעϡ
ȻŲһѵתͷһܣЩ˵ʬϣ¶һ˿˼ı飬ʣЩɵģ
ҡҡͷֱ̯̯֣£ǵùʯ׿ɱûвˣʬ嶼ȫΪѪˮ𣿡


581 طޱߣģ

һ޾㵨ٴ󣬱ϾһŮӣ˾飬ƣɫЩ԰ס
οİɣѾûˣֻҪǲҶõܣ̼ʯʯǲ㱬ģǵİȫɱݣͷڴ
ðɡ
ϾһѨǿߣȻտʼţϾʶ㣬ǲò
ҩѾȫֻǿסҪָȫֻ±һλѡ
һΣûе޻ӿںϣֻˣҪʱ䶨ȻãȫȬֻҪ£ϵʱ䡣
Ҳ޿κε飬˭Ҳûϵ˵٣Ȼ䵽ħȵУڴ˱ԷΧһѾܿɹﻹ
ֻһΣ˰ħһλʮλ̲֣ȫɱڴ˵أȻһݲǶ֣ǿ϶ҪԭֻħȲŹǣСΣա
ҵǣ֮ˣȫ⣬ʱӦûû˲óΪǡ
ֽסƾħȵǿвһ죬һһգʱʵû취Ҳֻбˮˡ
ˣƳأʱжǱڴϢһ뿪ɡڴϢһƣȥһǵʬף̫챻˷֣̽һʲô֮Բħݡ
á
޵˵ͷһ࣬Ŀˡ
ߵЩȥ֮˵ʬ֮ǰһһ
ȣȻǼλѥϵĶϴ󲿷սлȥָϴһö䣬ȴɱûܵ
ȡ£һͬһѪΧɵؽָɢһɷ֮̽УΪָѾȥһβϴָ֮ڲеһƷ
һɨҲɵþȲѣû뵽ħһλȻӵҡ
ǱǮнǧ򣬶ȫƷϵıǮƷǮ⣬ƷƷУһƷһѪɫ乴͸˲ķâԲʲôһаħ֮
ЩãЩõģ͸ư֣ӣѩձˣ㲻õģҲȥȴܾ󣬶ҪΪ´Щϣħܲ鵽ɱĶԷӶҵԼ鷳˹Ȼ鷳ȴҪЩ
⣬ѥĴУ˱Ǯ֮⣬д챦һЩ黨ݣϡʯ֮⣬мʮƿòһĵҩҲƷײ
Ҫǣţһɫƣһ֮ɫֱһһȴ֮ǰʩչģ⹦ħҲʲôö
һߣȻ۾һһ۾¶һ˿棬һ㽫ȡ˳ǰϸۿ
һֻܣ߶һöǮǮԲڷӺأ棬һ֣棬һдľ֡
öǮЩޱ߳ʿϻõǮͬΪ⣬Ϊԣʲôңһݵ
ϵ֮ǰЩ˿ľף϶ħ֮Уʮһӵе֤
ֻǲ֪öܣܸܲӦ֮أǵܣʱҲ²͸ֻܵ÷ֻԺпл˵
ѥϵĶֱһ۳ճɻҽԷһȻһЩϵĶ
ˣΪرù䶼컯һɷܻѪˮ֮⣬ˣǱ
ǵңԶԶˣÿϣҲӵмʮ򣬵ϰǮҴƷ⣬һЩûһܱȵѥ죬Ǵ̲Ͳϰڴ̫ණ
ÿ˴Уһɫƿƿ֮Уһɫںĵҩɢав
õǰϸ£ȻȷҲµ˸ţħȸ߲㣬ǵľ綾ֻ֮˵ǲǱо綾ⷴǽҩ
ħȣҪô̲Աûһֶο϶ǲܣԸɴһʼ˾綾Ȼÿһʱ䣬Ҫȡһأѹƶԣͬȡⶾܻ
ˣЩ˲ŻΪ޶
һҲ֧һʱ䣬ʮ죬һ£ֻǰ꣬Чֻûȥһҩˣ֮ˣ˽ˡ
Ҳϸһʰ󣬾ҲߵһԣĬĬָ
ҹһЩʱľڻָʱ֮һˮ׼޻˹ˣߵǿںʯǰһΡ


582 طޱߣ壩
տʼսʧܣҪôܱܵ壬˵
ҪôӡѹȣЧ˵㽫е컯ȥˣһʧء
䣬Ϣһʱĵľֲ˻ٴγԡ
ڣԵߴεʱ
ˣ
ӡɢһǡôѹ컯Χų˲һңȻɢȥʱķӡ֮ͫѾͬʱ
âͬʱһӡ컯룬ȻȻʮɺϵģ˲һ
һ̣ϲĪ鷢ˣԭһ֮ʧܣҪôܴų˲䱬ԼˣҪôЧܴųۿɼٶһΣȴЩ
컯֮У˸˼Σһȴ˼ΣԲܳɹãûв˿ܴųָļ
ˣ
״ɴϲһץһΰ˲佫ںʯƿһ󶴣Ȼһͣǿ徧ͬһ컯䵽ϣٵǰ
תԣֱһϸѡļƷ˴ȻĹ񹤣ĿѣԣΪ֮㵹ѡ
Ȼ컯ɡ
˼ۣȷԼ֮ǰĲ²⣬Ȼȷ컯ʯڲóйֲͬڲʱΪ޷ΧİʯԻãһ֣תӳյʯӣһƬ⣬پ첻
̫ˣҷôڵ֣¿׬ˡ
һ̣е˷֮飬ȻҲףⲢԼǿĿܣǿӡĹϵûһֻԼҲò컯ڤڤеİˡ
֣ԲҴ⣬һеܣٴλٷӡ컯˻ȥԼеҲ⣬ʱҪѪˡ
ԣΪһٴӡ֮ͫһʮӡ֮컯ӡʵʵȷеܴųҲ޷һʧŲһ֮ǰһϻõһöȡ£УȻԼһָֻϡ
һˣʹ䡣
֮Էֿţһ𣬾ΪʹʮӡǲðգԣɴֿһҲֻʧһ䣬Լȫ٣û£Ȼãһŵ䣬Ҳûʲôϵ
պ컯֮󣬶ԭأԼƿһ󶴣ȡҪ֮ͨʯûʲôȤˣɴתȥߣѾһ˫۾ЩؿԼ
ҲʲôڵǿʯҵõˣͬɽƬһ𣬶ѱշ˵ҪʹõʱɽƬһһʱ䣬ͬʱڶԸ¼ҵϣţѾ·ʹǲ֣¼ҲܷŹˡ
Ŷԭˡ
Ŀ˸û˵õǿʲôƷף۾˼£ûд׷ס
һ϶ѣҲ㲻ʲôϹŻ񶴸УõĶɲֻ޻ô򵥣ͨ䱦Ȼڡ
ȻҲ֪õģ½ϣԳƵ϶Ʒģ컯ѣһ֪ܲôȻȴ˵
ϾҲףﶯģο컯ȱȻǵ޵ȡҴŷã϶
ҲܰϾ컯챦˵һѨǷֻҲ̰֮ģ粻²ʲô
ֻҪ֪ƷףԲͦգԼΪС
ͻѼȥһͬУԼռ˴ˣҲǿԼȡǷʲô
ǸΣպлᣬһƷǱ㹻

ðɣҵȷоʯУǹ֮ǰиӦѹʧˣõǿȷͬΣģҲϣⲻӰ쵽֮ĺ
ãȻˣǾڴһҹһ磬㷵ޱ߳ǰɡ
á
Ŀ˸£һ£˵ˣһˣֻûʱ䣬Ȭʱ䣬ǻصڣٲҪӦ¼޵һѲοħУʱסһʱ䣬Ը𣿡
ԸҲ
Цһ˵ºԥشӦ޵
ȷѾˣһ࣬һ٣Լ¼ңħѾΪУԼҲΪ̽¼ܶһѣֺβɡ
˵޿ɲһˣˣƽʱ붼벻Ҫֵˡ
ֻҪһݣԼߣ˵ʱ򣬻һ
ţǾ˵ˣһ磬ǻسǣʱҲãһϣΣ
á
޵ͷԥĴӦ
Ͼֻһͷƽʱ¶棬ԼʺԼˣҵλ磬Ǵ£ҲԼжصס
һݣٺòţᰲźһС
˼ѶԼԱ۾ٴָƣҲҪץʱ䣬ָԼľʮεķӡӡܣľٴνӽɺԵĵزΪһҪջָΪá
һҹ޻תۣ㵽ڶ
޿һԭأк˵ʬף㶼һѻյøɸɾ˿ۼټ컯Ҳȡȥһʱޱ߳Χ׵أֻ´ӴҪüˡ
һ˸ʹһ˿֮ܣתٳޱ߳ǵķɳ۶ȥ

պװޣصޱ߳ǣޱ߳ûе̲ɭϣһƽ˾ģҲû⵽ʲô̲飬˳ػص
Ȼŵһóϵְλ԰һ䣬Լڣ
ټư֣ӣȴɫѵ࣬˵ޱ߳ʱյ쳣һ£ȴƺӿ֪ʲô
Ȼԭ򣬲Ҳ˵ʲôֻǷԸһСģⲻҪԼλˣͽǴȥڷУչȡʤѩĺ֮ǰԼȫϢ󣬾ָһ¥
ӣ޹Ȼ㲻˶͵ֻǰܿ죬ʱȥʤѩԣʮ֮ڣӣˡ
һװ»ָ桱ݣư֣ӵͬ£뿪󣬳¼ڵĵطޱ߳⣬һɽׯɽׯԼȥ


583 ɽׯ
¼ңųƽһңһţųơҡ
¼ڵפأޱ߳ڣǴޱ߳⣬һռʮɽׯСɽׯ
ɽׯֱһС͹ɽˮӳҺ̣һӴдԷϣʫʳ͡
Ҫǣɽׯڣɽ壬һɽ壬Ϊ壬ȻȲɽҲǽǰʮɽ
ÿ¼ҾٰĺᣬҪôϪҪô⺮֮ϡ
һΣʤѩѡص㣬ǡںϪ֮£ϪߣһСԺĵط
ư֣ӵɽׯſڵʱһƬѹѹ߼ʣͬһСͳǳһɽׯЩΪʲô¼פأޱ߳ˡ
ޱ߳һǣȻ˿ڶ࣬ؽȻ¼ҼҴҵҲûа취ðһƬԼׯ԰
ԣˣڳпһɽׯҪСö࣬ҽҲԶ
ҳڣҲû¼ҵķֲ
ޱ߳ڣһ¸ֻûɽׯƽʱҲֻмλפ¸֮УΪ¼ҵת֮¾ڸסϼգ󲿷¼ҵӣǴɽׯΪࡣ
Ϊһң¼Ӵ˲ű
棬̫ϳϣ֮£а˴ϣ䣬ִ£ſ͵ȵȡ
µӣҲŵȣдеӣӢӣͨӣŵӣӵȣֳƺ
˵ɽׯֻֻ¼һڣȻҲҪõɽׯһӴׯ԰
һЩ壬ɣҲǲӣɽׯѡߣʵΪ¼ҵĻԱ¼ңŽչ׳
գ¼һȣٰӣ¼֮⣬Ϊ͵ĵӣܵ룬ǰμӡ
Ʃʮ֮һҵħ£֮һǰ˾ϣ¥֮һ¥ĶӦӦֵܣ϶Ͽ͡
ԣһ磬в¼¼ӣػ⣬ȺӭӸλμӵĳԱ
ȵģǵǰġš˾ϣǧɱָȡ
ΪһǽڲС͵ᣬԺԣ櫵ȣСһɢ޵ˣʹڽʿ϶ȡ˲׵Σûеõ
֮У߻ᣬ¥ʮеˣҲкܶûյ
ΪףҲģ˿ٵ£ϻɽׯɣͩȣûеõԵˡ
һҲԿȻų߻ʮңǣȻУʵҲиߵ֮֡
Ϊ¼ƴʮȻΪҪǣʮУҲҶ˵ʸ񣬱ңκҵȣֻ壬ò¼ңңңңҶ岢С
飬Ҷңһ塣
¼ңңǽľްԣ֮Ķ壬Ⱥף֮еĵӣҲΪɫң罭һˣʤѩ󳬼֮һѩаħ£ǳ塣
¥֮У¥һ¥Ƕ̳¥֮ĵ֣ԭժ¥飬٣ǣһС
¥¥֮УΨһһ£
Σ¥֮УҲֻнǣ٣˵¥Ҳв׵ӣǰʮûнȥ¼Ҳû롣
¼ѡˣΣҲҪһˮƽܹǵĲʵʵ̫ãʹԭǶ֮һҲòʸġ
ǶһҲв׵ӳÿᣬһ߻ᣬǽУΪ׵ģҲΪĮӣûгʵһȫûһûбС
գ¼ģֻң¥еʮˣԼΨһ⡣
˾ϣָȵĵʣ½ܵˣҲ½
ϼɵĴʦ㣬λó¡ģ¥ĺӺɽ¥£¥ĶӦӦֵܣ¥ˣȡ
ĴУҵĻŮӡŮɡɣҵġĿӡǺӣҵġѩаħµȣһ
ǣһΣʮУһλȼңҵһңҶңҲһμӡ
ǸŮӣòɣ£òһ㲻ģµŮй֮ԳҶɣҶһ
֪ΪΣȴûвμһεĽʿޣƺڱ䶷ȤϼΪˣҶҺųңΪҶһӵҶɣעͬΡ
Թۣóħ£˾ϵȶţҶɼΪĿ⣬һ˿Ľ֮⡣
ܿóҶɣһԲƽֻǰԼһֱֻעʿаγϸ齭󣬻ȲĽظ֡
ò׽ɽׯʼִмƻĵһȻͻԺУһ˵
Ψһϧǣư֣ӵȣܾɽׯֻȻȥȺԼϢ
Ҳǣ˿ȣ΢ɽׯ֣òûԼнȥҲȻ
ԼһˣҲܲߣ˶෴ױ¶Ҳû⣬ܽɽׯʤĵһ


584 
ջţˮǳȣڵϷ
Ժʢһѩ׻ۺ࿪ţķ΢
˳ϪϯձμӵһϣĿתϪ֮Уһ̨ͭ
̨룬һ֧㣬ȼƯ棬Ⱥʳ
ôʼ
ӦӦܣȴŭȡ
αż԰룬ȼԿ
һ£ҡȵġš˾ϣһЦ˵
ߡ
˾ϳڣӦӦܣȻޣȴҲûп˵
ȻһЦһƬҶƯ£Ҷ֮ϣȻվһλ۵ɫѵʮСŮжһ̣֮ϣڷʮɫ񱭣֮УʢѪһƣʮ֮ңǾ̲֮סӯ˱Ƕˡ
ѽ¼Ҷأ㺮𣬽գпڸˡ
˲վԶ˳ƯµλСŮ̲ס¹Ȼֻʮɣȴ¶Ȳı飬
Ȼǰ㺮𣬹¼±Ǯ־ƣܶ˿һӣҲûлʶģ¼֮УҲֻи߲Աڣлһ㣬٣벻ӾȻ͡
ԣܵҲһվ˵
ЩУȫǸ֣һڽ֮ضжʲôûмǿƯСŮеƣһ̲ס㺮ڽ֮أӵеĶ
¶ɫȻû㺮𣬵ֻ˵ı飬Ҳ֪ض
ϪһλãСŮԶǣȴĿֻ΢תһ˿ܣ˫Ŀ㽫ʮ⣬λСŮеƿ
ţ
㺮𣬼Ժֻ¸Ϫ뺮Ѳ˹ϵֻǣ˫ĿУȴǿСŮϵľƱУһȴҽѪɫôҲ޷䳶һ
û֣ƴ˲²⣬˾£ǻһĸоǣ㺮Ȼ˳֮
ǡԼ̬֮캮֮ƣ죬ַ
ħͫתƺ͸ƱʢƵһвʣȻ֮Ȼںһ𣬾Ȼγ˼̬֮̾Ϊֹ
֮ˣͬһ㰡ҾҪгȺ׿ʵûôඥںһ𣬲γССһơ
ţ
ȻĿӾƱ֮ӿ䵽ǸСŮϣȴȻüͷһ塣
Ȼ
ԺУȻֵڤԨߵСŮʱҲԳ¼ҵӣΪ¿ɶ
ֻǣȻʱỶǼٵģ¿ɶѵΪ棿
ǼٵģҲ˵ֹʱỶǼðģ¿ɶҲ˼ðֻǼȻ˼ð¼ңıһ¿ɶˡ
ģǾ͸ѰζˣǼٵģһλ󱲾ģȻ⡣
ҡ
ȻˣǸСŮʱԷľȣʮһ꣬Ȼʹﵽ˻Ԫ۷֮Ѩһ֮ң
ľţֻڴ˵ڣһңȴһʵ𾪡
ԷΪ棬ڣΪһ
Ϊ٣Ǹٵ¿ɶȥ¿ɶ֮ԭǸٵģΣ
뵽ˣɵٴοһħͫ䵽СŮϣҪһʵʵΪΣ
Ȼһ̣΢۾УȻ¶һ˿˼֮ɫ
СŮڣȻȫ޵һͨһľͫ̽ȥģȻһƬտããͬƣʲôҲûУʲôҲ档
Ҫ˵ѨԪΪûС
⡭
һ۾˵¼Ȼ壬ʹţʮŮҲӦӵ˲׵Ϊʹû֮ǰǸ¿ɶǰҲûаɡ
ΪΣѵǶԷΪȻصҲ̽ҵħͫǻ֮ͫһ˵һѨŮ벽ֻҲҵͫ̽ԷԲǷǿߡ
ǶԷĴӲһͨˣڿտյ޵ôܣԷôƾվһƬҶ֮ϣ˳ƯûһΪ֧ţͼΪ֮Ǿġ
ҡͷ˳ƯµСŮĿ¶˼죬еԷͬΡ
Ȼ룬ϪΣǸСŮȻƺ֪ߵĲ̽Ȼ΢΢һЦ¶һЦݣһ˲ͬٻţ۾һ
ɶк٣λ£ıһΪǸ⣬λӴֵ
䣬Ȼһ˦䣬˲䣬ϵʮƣͬʱշȻƽƽɵʮǿǰ˷λͬ볤Զ죬ܽоһβȫ˳͵ǰһ֣ǲ׵ַʱһƬ
ɶʴӱĻʣһ֡Ůɢ˻Ȼ¼һһ֣ҿɶҲˣ¼һż콾Ľأ
ʤѩ¼ҵĴУ϶ԴҶΪӡ
¿ɶֻ¼ƫһλӣڶʮ֮ƽʱҲ¶ǰ˭Ҳû뵽¼һͨӣȻΪ˳Ծѡ
˸ԽӹǰľƱҲһۣһ£˲䣬ͬ˾ˣһɳĸо˲ȼƺҪ
һ̣֮УȴȻһɺѹȥ
һһ֮䣬ֻо̩ƮƮɣ̲סһ¶ɫħ£˾ϵȣҲɵù̾ٻ鴫


585 ľ
λˣ𣬻λ۾ء
һ̣ѾƯǰСŮ㣬Ҷ΢Σ·һֻѣֻһת͵˵ǰ
ʹڳˣ֣ȻȼˣˣȻҲûпĶֻеǰһͿѾվ˰ߡ
ù򣡡
΢΢һ֮£˲̾ΥĸͣһҴˣеȷǶٳһ
¼Ĵӣʤѩ֮⣬ˣʵûû·ȫʤѩһ֮ϣû뵽¼¿ɶȻҲһṦ
Щ¼ҽõˣǲ߳ޣĴʣһð
ϧСŮ¿ɶȻСȴѾһʮĹ飬ֳˣ˵ĽڳޣȻû¶˷ܼı顣
һ٣΢Ц˵Ƽ꣬Ʊ뻹ɶɡȼἴʼλĿԴ
˵˵
һ㶣ŷӦһɲ˼һЦ׷׳еľƱ
һ£ʾࡣ
ħ£˾ϣλһףһס
ԣ˵ľƱͬʱ¿ɶУ˵һ˿Ĳ࣬ҲΪ¿ɶĿǰվߣħ£΢ôһߣ˾ϣϪұߣм˼ɾ룬֡
󣬱ǶӦӦܣ׶ƱҲͬʱֻ˾ǰŽӺš
֮󣬱׵ڶλĿǺӡ
ȻǺӷ¿ɶеģȴ׵ķɡɣȻ׵ĵҶŮŮҶɡ
ɡ롰ӡµľƱͬʱۿҪײһ
ȻֻӣԱ߻˸仡ˣȻٶȼ̹һȻ˷ɡɵǰ棬¿ɶ˵֮ϡ
ɡһݣعͷһ۲Զġӡ£ӹһ˿ŭ⣬漴ѹȥ
֮󣬴һˣһС׷¡ַٶͻȻ˴󲿶ӵĲһͬص֮С
ڼ䣬Ҳм˵ıӣײϣһΣȴ¿ɶһ䣬ȥǰһһ̣Ųұ˵ıȫڷŵ룬һȾͬϴһ㡣
Զ¼㲻أɳ۶ӹ̣תߡ
ʱһ£忡ɵĽһˣʤѩ̤Ϫˮηɳ۶翣Ȼͬ¹֮ϡ
һҾúʽʼ
ʤѩûІ£ֱ˵һ漴ħµף¿ɶ״һЦվͬһŮȴûаֲɫ
ҡ
ĽһˣȻҵʹħ£ӦӦЩߵˣҲһʤѩ
ⲻģǷĵ𾴣Ϊʤѩȷһ棬ֵ𾴵Ŀ̬Դ
ʤѩĿһתɨˣ䵽ϣһ£·ǸһЦ˵ͷû˵
ˣ𣬴ʽչһڰɡ
ڰ֣ʾ˸ʤѩ˵ء
ᣬһڣǷɵʱֻе˵ڶڣǵʽʼԽΣҲ⡣
Щ֪Բû¶ɫЩȴǵһβμӣĹҲǲˣһ¶ɻɫ
ʤѩڽ͵νᣬ֣ԭӦָ䡯һΣһλдԶﴫű˺䣬Ϊλ̫ߣҲûָ˶ֽ֣ûˡ
΢΢һЦʤѩԵᣬƽı䶷ǸողμӹʿޣҪȥϺ²μӽϾʿޣսشҲûȤظһҲû˼
Եᣬָ⣬Լĵ˵ʲôǵʲô䣬ʱûнӴһ棬һЩԼĳְϵĵãĳ׽ĳƷĵãԣֻҪԼеģ˲ӴŵĶԡ
ǧ磬ǧĲһԸ˵ĵȻԲһ˵һָ֤ٽߣҺı⡣
ˣ˲ɵͷᣬһʲôʵľۻˡ
ҲףΪʲô¼ֻңУЩ֮μӣΪںܶͨ˵˵Լĵ˽ʲôֻ¶ѡ
ԣ˷Ѵҵʱ䣬ֻ߱дҵˮƽ࣬ĵ壬ߣĻᡣ
һڣôҷɣҲΪ׼ӦԽĵģǰݽֻڣΣǻһʵģգ
գ
ʲô
¶ɻ֮ɫħ£˾ϵȣѶἫΪ֪֮ˣҲеһãȻЩ⡣
ȻһϪȥֻһֻֻƴСľ˳Ư£ľ֮ϣһɫͬкϣֱдһĵȡͬ
Щǣ
˲ʳڡ
ʤѩ΢ЦЩҪ⿪ĵˡ


586 ϣ
˾㶼¶⣬Ͷɻɫʤѩ΢΢һЦ
գ˼壬ʵͺԣʫԣյ˼ͬС졣
֮ͬڣΪգǣǳһĿȻĳ֮ͬղһ֣ʫԲһʫգ²ȴϤأһϹʧĽһڵѧ伮йɾ͵ңһʧľʽȵȡ
ǸޣйصˣʽСڲµȷܲµó٣ȫҪԼ츳ˡ
ľƯǰǽոһһʮֻľÿѡȡһֻܲУȷľͻȼգһ𣬵ʱȼľУܻ벻ĶŶ
ʤѩ﷽䣬һ£ҡȵġš˾ϣʱɵ۾һӦ棬˼˵Ϸֹһ˻ڣнˣ

ʤѩȷϣһʱ䣬ڳˣʱȺ鼤
ʹˣǿһЩ֮ͨ治̫ܿС
ǣ¼Ҽǽһңոдƣǰ㺮ּƷţЩ³֮ĽƷ϶Ҳ̫Ѱ
˼ȻˣΪʵ˭ĸԸŻ
Щˣĵ£Ȼһ˼Ϊգûн˻ȤȱȱֻһϷ£нʹֵʲôǮȫһˡ
һԼĻᣬһ֮򣬺Ⱥʱ̣˭ܸ죬õĽգȻüԼңŶմ⡣
һµָȻ̧ʵʤѩ˵ģȫԼ£ⲻأ
һ㶣ŷԼ⡣
ȷȫȻһһ⣬ʤҲֻܰʱĳۡʵһܣǾǣУһˣõ˱ϾƧĿǵȷóڴˣָΣ
һʱ䣬֮ǰ˷ܵ飬侲һЩ㶼̧ͷһµʤѩ

ʤѩ״֣򵥣ÿ˹ȻֻһλᣬǣȷϽ𲻳½ľУȴʰȡҪ˵ء
š
˶̧ͷɫ΢һЩ˵һÿһֻʰȡһֻľҲ˵һΣӦһһֻλ˳ȺѡȡԼľһѡ
˵ǸŤͷĩλƳһۣż˵ľ֣һʱڣ𲻳Уȴһ˼ѡȡ
ʱѾбµδľѡһΣûУֻܷ
Ѿõľˣֻеľս֮󣬲ȡһֻľҲ˵ͬʱֳֻ߸ľռ󣬽ˣһССĽϡ
Ŷԭˡ
˳һ㶼һľյĹĦȭơ
ЩڼŹ㲩ǻ۹˵ģ̲סͷ۾ĿƳ׻ƯʮֻСľѾ˼Լѡȡһֻ
Ȼڿʼʵȫ֪ͬľ֮У̺ĵʲô˭˭󣬲ûʲôͬⲻǵȤ
ԼһտʼѡһһЩģٽҲµĵڶľأʱ򣬵ʫ϶Լġ
ˡ
ʤѩȻʲôһЦ˵ΪˣôнȻгͣܽյˣԸԻľ֮аصıﲻᣬһƣǸղŴѾһεİ㺮𡣡
ʲô
Ϊֻһλᣬû뵽գһƷƵĻᣬһ£˶ʱȺ鼤ˣѡ
ղŰ㺮־У˶ʱȺ鼤ܣһȿֺصļٵģǻ쿪ʼҶҪȲˣľƯ
ٺ١
˭֪ʤѩһתǽɴұ̫ˣҲгͷŶһڽУһҲûнƷŨһ롣ԴǧҪ̫ɣȡ𼸸Ŷ
һɫʱмԼ̫ŵˣʱɫƲѡ
ˡ
Ȼʤѩȴûйǵ뷨ΪǵĻϪ׵Щľ˳Ư£ǵǰʤѩ׵һȻѡȡ
ɣ
һȣʤѩߵ΢΢һģʱһΰ˲ӵףȻעһֵĺɫСС
¿ɶ״ʱһУ֪һ㣬һֻȼʤѩࡣ
Ǻǣˡ
״ħ£˾ϲͬʱɳһƣϪУľֻܼһһ̣ʱЮһƬˮˣǻзɻء
¿ɶָ΢ȼͬʱɳббزǰֻһ죬ٶȾȻһһ
٣ڳˣɰо̾¼ҵӣȻûһͨģ־ͲͬΣ˶Ѽ


587 £
ʤѩħ£˾ϵ˼ȡľƯжȥλ׵ĶӦӦܣǺӣɡɵȣ̳֡
ֶβֱͬ룬԰ǧٹ֣֮ѡһľУ
ľˮ¿ɶ㣬ǡôʮּʱĳλѡ˵ߣոյȼ׼ȷޱȡ
ֵָʱѾָֻң˸ѡһ֮Ϫ֮УΨһҸɰͰͣ¶СƯ
ʱŻȻһ˫ָӡһ
ۣ
ˮըɫСʱ˶ΪһɫС㣬ֱͶ뵽С
Ѿڿʼ⣬Ҳ˺󣬵ָһ㣬ľ֮ϣһССֽţʱѶ򿪣עĿ
ֻֽ֮ϣһʮŵ壬ЩʫЩʣͶ̶ʮ֣²ʲô⡣
ڤڤҹ˫ţһˡ
ڤڤҹ˫ţţĸŴǿߣҹ꣬˫ŵй𣿡
ü˼Ժ˼תһʱĿ΢ӣɨǰõľʮˡ
ֻЩˣõֽźҲǸԴ򿪣Խתÿ죬Ƭ̣۾΢˽еˣȴõ˱Ƚѵĵգһüչ֮ɫ
ԶӦӦֵʢжһҪǽ⣬ʵڲóˡ
ԥΣȷԼⲻʱŭһ֣ͬʱľӻϪ֮ϣľ֮ϣһд壬һдŰˣ壬Լڰλľ
ҵ˿ԷͬӳеľһֺۣٺһЦһ֣ѶԷľϣûиպԼܲ³ļĿ
Ϊʱûһ˳ɹ⣬ԱҲûйǣҲû˸
ˡ
֮Уϣһ³ģȻԻǹˣǻ۰ٳĵǰˣš˾ϣһյס
ľ֮ϵĵǣһ𰸣һϹʧѾõĽȻյײֻޱ⣬ҲûбĽ֮
Ϲ֮ʱһţչۿ֯Ůǧˣң鴥ԴһŶؽΪޱ⡯ֳơǧ˿أĴˡ
˾ϻ䣬Ȼľ֮ϣһɫ⣬ֱ
һ̣ľӦȼľ䣬һ°ʵʵĺɫ顣
˾Ͻָ꿪£澹Ȼһ쵤ĳ쵤ҩɢ
鼶Ʒҩ굤ö
˾ϹһЦȻǺ⣬ϾԼǵһˣ굤ҲǷƷתͷˡ
˾֮󣬺ܿ죬˽𰸡
ֻʤѩһЦ˾ֹȻüʶĳҲ˺ǡ졯ֻ֣ǲһϹŵ
죬ƣֳͷΪֶѡϹ֮ʱйأһطһǳأΪǰϻ֮ɳĮ֮Уһعųǣ£Ϊ˳ǡ
û´Ĵ𰸣Ƿ֡Ĵ𰸣Ƿ˳ǡ
ͬͬΡ
˾ϵĹһЦȻʤѩеһľͬӦȼգΪһ⣬ľȻ٣棬һĴָС˸⣬֮Улȼ
Ʒ󣬳ö
˾˸£΢΢һЦϳ
¼ΪһңóΪĶ鼶ƷҩƷȻּΪǽԳԶ챦һСͨϣֻ㹻ʮӲʳǡ
¼ҵĵ̣ңȻô󣬵ҲһʲƸҪ˵Ŀǰֻľĵձ⣬ʮľУֵּı¼ңΪһ˻ڣ׼Ͳͬˡ
˵нİ㺮Լһܻõ⽱
˾ʤѩȺ⣬һ£иӽˣԽţԽңͷϣ䶹ĺ飬Խ˼Խҡ
ӦӦֵܶ˱ˣԭΪ˶Էľ˵һԼܽ棬ϹèӣõϺ󣬲֪ǰһȻǲİһȫǸʲôϵ
ӦõģľľΪ濾ӰӳǳСΪһʽ
ƾӦԴ濾ʲô˼ϺӳǳУˣ㲻õûãֻк޺һ֣ϪУ
ĵܵܣӦܣҲࡣ
Ӧõģǰ˺ľľϣֻͬмС֣ϴУ϶ǲġ𰸣ͬǲһϹžʽ֮
ϴ϶ף漰𰸣ʱһͷԸ¿һ룬ҲԸȥˣŭһ֣ͬϪУԸ˻ᡣ
״Ƚ𰸵ʤѩ˾ϣ۾һԼͬһ֣ǽ𲻳ľУƬ̣𰸣Ⱥ¯
˾еľǣŮͶϹžѧŮеһǾʽ濾ӦŮӳǳУͶ֮⣬ѹֶӦ²
˾ٵһȴһöָֻİݣΪľݡͬһѵһƷݡ
ʤѩеľ𰸣ǡһȻͬһǾʽϹȻȭеһУǿ
ˣȻɽ£ϧȥʧӦܲô࣬Ȼ𲻳


588 
ʤѩ˴𰸺Ծ
ǰ˵ľȼգȷȷֻ´벻յĴ𰸾Ȼһƣһ룬ʱ˲ɾ̾
ϴУ϶ǲģʮ֣Ƽ򵥣ʵȴһƾãЦԷǵĹ¡
ţ߰˰ǰϽһƫƧСΪмˣųơס
սҶ죬ơ
λҳӯĽϴ󣬵ȴʮ뵱϶Ҫڶ޶Ҷá
仰˼˵Уϴǲҵģ϶ҲһȻսҲǡһȻ
ˣյɴ˶
ǣ֪µˣֻ¾㶼Īȫ⼸ʲô˼Ȼܽóʤѩˣһʾ˵ǻۣҲʾԽ˵Ĳѧ֪ʶ
ΪǶ½ʷǵƫƧѸһҰʷָƣǾԲ²𰸵ġ
˵ʤѩһѹ˾ϣȻսʤȴʤѩʤһ

ʤѩ𰸺ҲһСīiһεָiӨ͸̿ϲһػʶķ
Աһ£ʤѩ˾Ѿ⣬ˣһδ⣬еƶʱԵЩ
ηѣɴҲԼеľӳȴȡ
еˣԽתѹ֮£ȻҲ֮˳˾ۡ
ˡ
𰸵ģȻһ£аĽϯӣѩаħ¡
ֻǣβȱסһʧƷ
ħһǺܿԼĴ𰸣ơ
βȥףβΪϦΪһ֣ȱףΪֵϰ벿ݣܹΪһ֡
йأʧ˵Ʒܹô֡
棬ټȷ˵ʧƷģѲ³ضǴǧǰΪƵģһλǿߴĶѧơˡ
Լ򵥣֮ǰֻһʱ˼·β³Ȼȷ
ħµĴ𰸳ڣеľӦȼգΪһ
УľΪҽҽУһֻɿ͸Ө׵ϹɡϹ֮ǲµǡ
˵ھУɽٶֱӷã΢Ѫ߹֮ܣǼֵ֮
ħЦЦתĿ˽⡣

ʤѩ˾ϣħµ̽𰸣ܿ죬ҲǺӣɡɣµȣ̽𰸣һΪ
󣬳лʣµĵգֻʣºɽҶɣָģˣˡ
һ£ηֵĺɽԲô˵͵۵ķ¥ˣȻҲס
ü˼Σۿ㽫ȼɴ಻¶ֱӽľӻϪ֮Уȴѡȡ
Ǻһ׶ѣ˵ʲôͷʵҲûУ֮ΪһӶѣˣʵҲʲô˵Ǻÿ
ۿϪֻľһΣȻѾֽһ⣬ʤѩȴûʰȡǸͷ˼΢΢һЦ۾ȻĵȴյĽ
˾ϣʤѩģѩ±˵¼֮ˣԼ˵һȥÿ
Ȼ֮жĻ䣬Щʵó֮ǰʤѩδǰ֪յףԷȻǫ飬ҪֹƽҲͲ̬
ˣ˾ĳ㵱ʲˡ
һЦ˾˵עĿУٴһлһϪ˵ֻ뵽С
Ȼֻһۣ˾ɫ䣬֪ϾȻ͸˺顣
ô
һߣʤѩ΢΢ɨһۣЩ֡
ʵεˣھ֮ǰҲµԼȫ֣˾ϵʮа˾õһ
ȻĿǰ⣬˵ҲѲס⣬ֻľлᣬõǡ
뵽ˣתͷСŮ¿ɶһۣ¿ɶ˵ͷʤѩ˲лȻҲһ˿档
ʮĵգʵвرɬ֮⣬ǣͺ͹онһʮĵУǱ¼ҿһȽѵĵա
ǵգʤѩҲֻ΢˵˵꣬ûмܽ⿪
Ϊ뱣ֹƽʤѩҲûǰ֪ǵдЩʲô¿ɶ¼Ϊ࿴ˣȻ֪𰸡
Ȼ˾ǲɣѹô䣬ΪȺõģϣΪѵһ⣬Ҳһѽĵգųơף
ڣ˾¶ֱ飬ȻǸܵѹУǵסˣǲã˵һʣգʧνտ׵ˣͿôѡˡ

˾ױʤѩ϶ΪסľɫʱʱʣµУ˴𰸡
һָһġ
ֻʣҶ
Ҷһ£ӣӵеֽţƺڿʲôףУ˼ȴִ

Ƭ̺ӳСľ˼ͬʱԵ㣬Ҳʱ䣬ˡһ죬ȼΪҽ
ΪһõľģԵ㣬ССһأʱҲˡ
Ҳ³ˡ
ڴʱ΢΢һЦеֽţһ֡

ۣ
еСľӦȼգΪһϹ⣬ϹУľԭ֮أһˣȴдһϽ֮ɫظ״
𣬽ĲݻҴ˴¶壬Ȼһָ¶ͷǣεһ״Уһ֮
ǣ
һȻָףβһһ漴ƿ¶ȴ˸ż㵭֮ɫֹâ
ǣƷҩԸɣһģƷȣӽһƷ͵ҩ¼ҹȻţ׬ˣҾЦˡ
ЦЦһƤԸջ˴֮Уһջأգ֮ڣԸ֮ϱƵȱڣȻϵļϽ֮Ҳ֮ʧƾɱû˺ۡ
ȻǷ
̾̾һͷһڴʱԱߵǸ㣬ҲʹȼΪңֻһСľǩڵϡ
ˣһڽһ˾ϣʤѩԽ⣬ˣһ⣬мˣӦӦܵȣһδ⣬Զ
Ψһϧɻ֮ǣУŮһġŮҶɣȻҲûнԼе⣬óľޱȾȺͲ⡣
ŮҶȻ˵ǻȴҲǼ츳֮ʢգѵһЩ˼֮ܣ˵ѵȴʵ̫˲˼ˡ
ĪǣõľգҲʲôͬѰ֮
̲ס²⣬ʤѩҲЩ죬ͷٿ˿СŮһۡ
˭֪СŮֻ΢΢һЦأȴʲôҲ˵
ʤѩ״˼龫ֵĹҶɸղõֻգֻ¶˹뵽ˣ̲סһۡ
¿ɶͷͷȥȴôҲ˵ԭ


589 նϣ
עĿű˵ı飬ͬʱڲ²˾ҶõľʲôΪѡ
ͬʱЩ׹գʵҲһ
ҵϣʵһҲѣҲϣѰǡһ⡱սֻǣԽãȻհԼ档
ͺ֮ǰǸգڤڤҹ˫šֻһУ߸֣ȴ˼ãһʱŽǾΪ֮ǰߴ˵
ΪǴ𰸣ҹ꣬Լ˫йأŷԼˡ
յףȻйأȴǴ⾳ȥҪȥ⡣
ڤڤҹ꣬ڤͷΣ˫žȥβףҹָ꣬ҹ꣬ҹ꣬Ȼڰ죬ڤȥһգ˸֡
֣ʮأʾĴ𰸣һˣѲµݡ
Ϊʹڹʱкܶͷţ÷ָͣȣͷģȴǶһң޷ֺš
ΪˣǴʥλһǧǰǰ޹ˣߵտˣֳơʥ
һﵽ˼ޣ˵ʱİ˴֮Ϊµһˣ
ʱûϡУδޣֻҪԵ㹻Ҳпܴﵽ
츳˶̶ʮ꣬ΪֱڣǷ۷壬벽׾ĵһǿߣΪʱ½һˡ
ϧΪͻ׾ǿʳһöʥħѹƲסҩ߻ħһ񣬱λõϢĴˣΧɱϣӢţ̾
һ˵ĴʹսᣬġʥҲ֮伣Ϊ´ˣӴ˳Ϊ졣

һֽʱѾ˳˻ϲǣһ
Ϫ֮ϣľѾʧ٣ֻʣҶӳһֻ¶ƯϪ֮ϣ
Ȼλ׵ġš˾ϣһ벻ľٶֻпǡסľӻصϪ֮УȴһһɰҶӳһֻصС
⡭
˾㵣ֲڲû뵽һĹ򣬱ʧȥûᡣ
ҲеֻҶɶⲻĵգǰ򵥣Ȼ˾⣬ǻ۲ݺӣҲţҶɶⲻĵգ˾ϱҶǿһ㣬Ҳûǰ򵥡
Ȼ˾֮ϵʤѩһĻȴӹһĨ޵͡
ǳ֮ˣзǳֶ֮ΣΪԼ˾ϣ⣬ԣȻĽֻ֮֮һ
Ϊ¼֮ˣΪӣԸһõĻᡣ
ʣУпܣӮñڵģֻ˾ϡ
һУҪܲܺϣ׷Ķ⣬ĶĿ
һУҪ˾Ͻѡǲȷˡ
šסţȵʱδ⿪ֻӻϪ֮Уʱ򣬹Ʊ˵ѾȫòˣʧΪտĻᡣ
ǣ÷мпܽⲻסѡһԼһЩģֻҪ֮ڣʳΪεյһڣ֮ʤߡ
һУͿӣ᲻÷
Ȼ˾ûԼʧֻԥһ˲ڶ֮˻ҶҲӳеḷ̌һӦ˹ϳ֣еľҶϪ֮еһֻľС
һԼԸףǷˣǸ𰸣գΪһģֻ˾ϡ
ԼȻǲܺȥ¼ĵһڵտģԣʤѩ̾һջĿ⣬ΪһѾ䶨
Ȼû뵽ǣջĿʱȴȻõҶľóصֽţٽſһ۵˾ϣɫ˲ףѿ˼㡣
˼Σͷ֮ϣһͬѵСߣա
գȥСʱ䣬Σֻֽܰһţٴľ֮Уһ֣ӻϪ֮УȻͬһ㣬ȥľȻ

һĻɲʱ˵ȫȼ
ϲ˾ۣǽĵ׺浽ʲô棬Ҷɣ˾϶¶ɫǣҲ޲ߣֻз
Ȳȿֺ󣬷׷׳֣Ϫеľ
ܲܽùһʲô˵ʤѩһɺ棬ο֮Ҳۿһۡ
˾ϵһϪ֮ľҶľİʱڣѾ˺棬ۿڣǻһ顣
ֻһε棬ȴǺļȻһʫһ׵ȫʽ
ް죬ºȥԵС
عԪ˧󽫾
ö࿪ڣ·޾ͷ
λֲƴء
һҩһ㣬ǧշһƲ롣
⡭
пˣסˣֱ
ʤѩҲһЩԡ
ʽȻҲȫ֪ʲôֻܴȥ⡣
ǣͬǵգǰʮ⣬ֻ¸ĳһʽĳһҲûһգҪ׽ġ
ⲻΪѣֱ̫Ϊѡȫǣĥ
ףΪǰõ׵պЩΣȻԸҲֻнϪУһδܽΪͷʵڲУ׵գȷ̫ѡ
ֱ˾ϵõҲⲻգٴϪУ˲һ飬֮Ҳֻʣƿԣͷ󺹣ȫ⡣


590 նУ
ħ£ɡɣҶɣµȣ֮ûãȫӻϪ֮С
˵ԼҲûлõһӣ翴˳üӣΪȤ
ңҲԲУֻҪûнľ˭вҪ󣬻Ҫ˵
ռľⲻЦӳȥɱ˽ΪƶЦ۷ơ
ʣ⣬ǽյ֮ףǣ˺ֵģȴҶ֮ǰõһ⣬ΪѣҶɣ˾ˣ޷
ѵʮĵУһ׼޽
ǣ˾ϽľҲϪʱ֣ܿ죬ͬһ顣
Ŀĵһ˲䣬һݣҪһˣ˶飬Լж
ü˼Σȴòһ̾ľӻϪС
ֽ֮ϣ֣ͬʫƴʣʫǴʣյףһȫʽ
ˡ
˲
δ䣬١
ղܰգ
пѷ
ཻ׵ҡ
ѷְף
ֽõ
ǳ
ǧ˼Ʋȥˡ
ǲһ׵ȫʽǷ˰ɡһ׻һյյףȻͬģǲһ׵ȫʽ
ֻǣֶ֪ôȫʽ
ֻлãʮаУǧУֻڳ˶Ҫˡ

һĪչʱҲνֽһֻľصУ򿪿һۡ
֮ǰҶУ𲻳ϪУֱ˾ʰ𣬽ɽⲻ𰸣ֻϪУۿ׵ա
ˣ˲ţ
տʼʱҲһЩü
ĿⶢֽϵǼ֣Ȼһ뵽˸ղţԼ¿Ǿ䡰ڤڤҹ˫šʱӡ
ڤڤҹ˫ţ⣬ҹ˫Žȥ֣գ֪ɷøղԼĽⷽʽ
һ룬ɴ಻ȫʫ˼Ǵһһϣȥ⡣
һ䣬ˣ˼Ǻĳ˷ֱѾܾúܾá˼Ͻ⣬Ҳ²𰸣ӣˣȥһˣ񲻱һһ֡
Īǣ𰸱һ
뵽ˣ۾Ź⣬ȥ
˲˲ûôĶ֣ΪףȥˣΪ֣յףΪ
ҵ˷˲ͬһȽĴţǰĵУҲûκܿԡ
¿һգûпչϵֽţ
δ١飬䣬١ȥȥˣΪ
һĳһ׵ȫʽšĪǣǱף
뵽ˣԼ²ʽƵյ壬˲䣬׵գԴݿٶȣǰƽ⣬֫⣬ûκѿԡ
ղܰգȥΪġпѷпڣǰָԼˣ˼ᣬ޿ڣ֣һ壬Ϊ䡭ʣҲպΪ䣬ò£¶ȥˣǣ߰˾ʮ
׵յĴΪʮһʽһ˴飻ڶʽ£ʽ̩ʽĺƽʽˣʽ޿ʽ棻ڰʽ˷ꣻھʽʮأʮʽʮ
ʮһ壬߰˾ʮ
Ҳ֪Լ²ǲȷ̽ųǰľһ𰸣ģţɹȻǺãɣҲ֪ԼҲ¹ʱٽľϪУҲֲˡ
ԣĴ𰸳֮󣬼ʹˣûδ˵ʲôֱеľȼһҫ⣬ӳۣŷӦعͷһ͡
ʲô
ֹˣͬһʱ䱻ǳĳ⾪ѣعͷԭҶֵҹźľܻȼɻҽֻһ糤ʱһɾȵôˡ
ʲôҶɣ˾϶ⲻĵգȻһ˽⿪ˣ
Ŀ࣬Լ۾
Уˣң֮г͵ǿߣǽһĴֻһ̸Ļ
ˣݱ΢ʵڲͬһʤѩֻȺ֮ȥ
ΪⱾһСΧڵľۻᣬܵϸƣͬڽ߻еĺܶඥǿߣûеõʸ񣬸Ҫ˵һˡ
Ȼ˴ܴǣصǣⲻ¼һ˻еһ׵գȴһ˽⿪⴫ȥ˺ڽȺۣǧڣ
֮УģĪõ׵յġŮҶɣԼΪ֮׵ġš˾ϡ
֪һ׵յķõֺǿ˼ã˼⣬ȴԷǲܵһɴܸУմ𰸵ʲôӺ档
׵ʤѩҲһЩ⣬׵һۣ۾ӹһĨ˼
ʵղڱõ׵ʱҲ;ۿһۣΪͲʤֻĬĬס漴ͰľӻϪ֮У˵ʱᡣ
ֻǣľȻѾӻϪ֮У׵ղ棬ͬʱҲΪ˿ԼյٶȣΣУĬĬƽ׵ա
Ȼڸոֳһ˿ߣµʮξӣһʱȴûϵõյȻ̿һ֣˴𰸡
Ȼʤѩˣ棬Ȼں˭ԼķͷұҪȥƽģԶĽٶȣԾѡ
λСֵܣƺһΪҲͬ˰
뵽ˣ΢΢۾Ժпӹղżʮ棬Ȼûʲô˺ʤĵ˼һȴתƺƽ߰˱
Ƭ̣Ժһ૵ԭˣˣһ壬߰˾ʮȻ򵥣ֻ֮ǰǶ븴ˡ
ûе𰸣ȴЦ𾪺Ͳı飬΢Цѡ
ȻԼһʵҲû϶٣ڳУҲԼ뵽𰸣УЩοġ

ҲûϵԼ̽һ´𰸣ȻɶˣľȼգȻ󰵰׵ĻҽУֻһλΣ˸ŽĴС
С侫£ߣȻһǲĻҽȥȴֻһëΪЩˣǱɫС֮ϣȻһĿĺ⡣
⺮⣬ԱĽ棬Ȼһַޱȵĸоĺ
⣬ûϲָЮǱɫСģϸۿ¼һСľ֮ΪҪǵƷ
ʱиӦȻͷһ˫峺ɵ˫ۡ
һ£Ϫ֮ϣɹޣ庮޵ƿ˫Ŀǽ¥ʮ֮У£飬ļңϳƽ󶥼ҵҶҵӣŮҶɡ
عͷҲûƿĿ⣬ֻ˫粨ӣע˼ۣǶк档
ֱưò׼УȻƫͷȥǰϪˮһϪϣȴڳ֮⣬˶һξ롣
·Ȼ˿̣Ժ֮УӢƣȴ£ʵ޿ɶ֮Ϫ峺ϲĸо
ΪԼûнǵյԭ𣿡
״಻ɻعͷȴһĸоڱһǿҵעӣһʱȴ֪ǻϲжԣֻݲᡣ
ǽ𽣣
˶УǱ;£ĿĽɫСȻţվ˵һ𾪺Ͳ⣬صļ̰
ţѵǴеƷ
˱Ҳû⣬ΪԶˣУֻΪһ˿ӵľ֮ʱ̲סһݣͬпӶ
Ļ״Բͬ죬ֻ²һͨǰ򵥣Ϊսģ伴󣬸ο⿰Ʊȼ׵ĽʮĵУΪ֮һ
ڴ֮ͥ£ۿ˴ɴһ֣һ̴ľУС
Ȼֻ֪֣Ҫȥһ飬֪⡰ǽ𽣡֣ʲôԼУؼһʱ
ˣڿ֮ʱ϶ʱ¶һ˿ʧɫһ˿صİգơ
뵽¼ұԺ֮УãټգõĽƷûȥȾָռɷ׷йعͷȥ
ֻĵ׵ģǾͲö֪ˡ
ֵܼȻܽ˵գأһףҲѲˣһչͣǴ۽磬Ҳõҵʱ䣬μĵᡣ
ȻȺУһԳľϪ֮Уȴֱ΢Цڹľ˵ȴһĨЦ
г֣Ϊǽ𽣣ֶ֮ˡ


591 ն£
Ŀ΢֮֮Ƴȥ
ȴһ£΢֣Ǳˣ³ԱӶǺĵ¥ӣЦաɽ
ЦȴСĻԹ֮£һҲûյӣر¿Ȼ١
ͤμ֮£ĻƣԸȴûϵΪˣԶ͵ʴף³˴󁀣ӡ
ºȻװƵᣬںʵУ϶ɺޣֻһֱûץסᡣ
ڣˡ
ֻʤѩ˾ϵ˶Ϊǡסľһϡ
ҲǱһԵ˼ܳɣȻԴϲʱ
㲻ɣ˶ⲻʱ䵽ˣӳȥҲ˵ʲô
ǣȻ⿪Ҷɣ˾϶ⲻһգʱޣͬʱҲ뵽ˣɴͰľӸһ
׾ףʹ⿪һڶٵĵգĵף϶ΪϹèӣһףĻᡣ
˼ǣľӻϪܾȡʹɣҲôЦϾҶⲻ
ֱӵУòӣⲻＷңʱӡ
תɽǵС˼Σʱ롣
ʱľѾĿ֮£ܲܿӣټϺɽɾľֱбһܣӡ
ԣĿһ£ûܣ΢̧һСٻơļʽ˲佫ľС
ڴʱеľ֮ϣһĪѹ΢ľתţԼƣֱؿڣԼڳ
ԷԼⲻգ˳ЦðһԼ
жԺɽΪЩܣΪ⣬΢΢һЦһУϡ
Уһᾢɽˣľ֮ʱкһԣţ뺣ɢڿʧӰ١
ɫ䣬ƺûиоɽİһ㣬΢ľͻԼǰֽȡ˳
ѩ׵ľֽ֮ϣǼ壬ǳŮֱʡ
к壬ȴۻ뱼ţԼңһա
ް죬ºȥԵУعԪ˧󽫾ö࿪ڣ·޾ͷλֲƴءһҩһ㣬ǧշһƲ롣
ް𣿡
Ŀ΢Щ˵Ϊѣ뵽֮գȷ൱ѣһ׽ãѹܳΪ֮ף˶޲ߡ
Լô
΢΢һЦ뵽˸ղŵĽ֮ĪĶһЩġ
һ뷨ȻͬΪʮ䣬´𰸣ͬһ׵ʽĪǡ
뵽ˣʱٿѩֽ䵽һ֮ϣȻ֮䣬ͬ嶡ţд𰸣ˮһ㸡Уʣµվٿһأȫ׹

ЦݣŤͷϷĺӺɽһۡ
ԷһżɣڵԼ࣬ȴûϵȫԼ
ֱӹľԼ벻ӣӣҲ벻գȻ˼򵥡
ȻҲΪռ򵥣Ǵڵ¼Ҹ֣ȻĲõģ׵յĴ𰸣Ƴһ塣׵յĴ𰸣Ǹղ׵յĴ𰸣ԭȻĿͬȴһģһġ
û뵽ĿףȻԼް죬ȥףΪһºȥԵУûȥ˽սȥˣͬҲһģһΪ֡
Ҳ˵׵յĴ𰸣ͬʮһ壬߰˾ʮ
³ûмŰ׵յĴ˵ǳ֮ˣһۡ
ӣɽǽ𽣡ʮⰡȻҲᵱҪѹңƶ𽣣Ĳ¼ұԺ֮УֻǿĴˡ
˿ǽ𽣹Щͬˣ²ͬѰֻǲ֪¼ңôֵȼĶΪʹ͸ܽ⿪յˡһףӵеĽʲôĪǡ
ţ
ͷ˿̷һڴȻĽҪײҪ
ҼȻɽôõǽ𽣣ԼԸˡʹ죬Լˬ⡣
뵽ˣջĿ⣬ٲԥǺһЦǰľһ䣺յΪһ壬߰˾ʮ

ȻûϣĻǰľʱȼΪһź⣬
ҽɢȥ紵ԭزȻһλΣӲӵСֻԭǱͬǣβͼһ
ղǱβͼһɫߣһβһţͷ
һǽ𽣣
Ϫڶ֣޲˫ĿԾһ
ʤѩҲЩ⣬뵽ʲôȻͷݺݵصһǹ龫ֵ¿ɶ
ѾµײͬѰĵգԼ𽣽ǳ֮ˡ
¿ɶͷЩִٵŪ½ǣ̧ͷ
գʤѩҲֻΣ̾Ϣһ֪СƤִˡ
Ȼ£ֻǱź֮˼˴ţ׽ʮ󣬶¼ң˵壬ȴû뵽ӽ˵սУһƵȵ¼ڲٲɧһˡ
׽𽣣Ȼ󣬵ʧ룬ã¿ɶȻܵһͷҲʲô£֮϶ûˡ
뵽⣬ֲеͷʹ¿ɶľɣ⣬Ȼȫ̰ջڣųֲܳܣְֺޡ
ˣȻʤѩʱĸ˼
ֻһ׵ľ֮УؽȻһǽ𽣣һ𾪣ȴǶõҵľûãͽյףõ·ȫɵһ㣬һԱȣʱеԽܣ޷š
ƫƫʵǰĿǰʮĵȫ⣬նʱϣʤѩ˾ϣΪ֮ס
Ҳ˵Ϊ¼Ҿٰ⡰ᡱһڣ֮ʤߣһ
˭Ҳûϵʤѩ˾ϵǻ۳ڵˣûõ֮λȴһˣռ˴λ
ƫƫԷգ۳һ˭ҲûĿ˸ûɷԡ
һԣܽ⿪գƫƫһⲻ˿ףϸڣǺ˼ȥ˵ô
ˣȫĬǣԿ֮λֿɵãҲ֮һˣлᣬȴƫƫͷ̡
˾Ȼɱֵ÷棬ҡȣһı飬۵ǲһĨ衣
صúܺãû˷֣Ҳûʱע⵽


592 Ϫ۵
ʲôʲô
ɽ˾ˣ˼졣
ˣȻĽʾУϾԼ֮ת֮£ģǶ׵մ𰸵ĺ档
ǰǰ˵
һ䲻ԵҶɣ£׵ʤѩħµˣȴŴ˵𰸡
״֪˵ֻŭ
Ѿ³˵˵һҲûԥһЦ˵һ壬߰˾ʮ
ʲô
ô򵥣ôܣ
Ĵ𰸣ˣ鲻һ
֮̾˼֮Ľ֮֮֮ģǻɡ
Ȼ˶ûϵѲĵգ𰸾Ȼ˼򵥣˵ȥֻ¶Ҫ˳Ц
ϸһ룬ɴ𰸷Ƶգʱӭж⡣
ʱļᶨߣɲΪֻȻһЦ˹
ģǺ޲ôض㣬ڲ棺ô򵥣Լôû뵽
ǰ֪𰸣ȥһƣ׵գûʲô֮
֪ƽ֮״õ˵֮ʱݡ
԰ֻ˵һ׵յĴ𰸣һأ
˺ȻӦٴγʵ
˶ԷһۣЦЦȻڵڶ׵յĴҲһͬΪһ壬߰˾ʮ

ôܣ
ղ˶һ׵գպ÷ܶϣһ˵źȻ֣棬׵գһģһ
øˣǲɵúڵʹ飬ڲѣĿˡ
Լ֪⿪һ⣬Խ⣬мļʣΪεջڵʤߡ
ʤߣܸԵõľصĽ֮⣬ǻܶһݶصĽء
ľ˲ΨһӵеĽǼ򵥣ֻ¸ۺ첻ѡ
Զ濴ĺɽɫ죬еһ𽣣һʺڡ
ôҲûϵԭΪȴû뵽˵տ֮λõһǽ𽣡
ܽܣ˿Уǿɬʹˡ
ϣٲұֳΪ˿Ѿ˵עĿ㣬ʣ¼ڴԺеĺᣬһȫɾĸˣ޲ȻʧɫΪġ
ˡ
Ȼ׵ʤѩƣ˵ע⣺ּȻ˶գԭһѳΪǽյһڣ֮Ŀס
˶ɹԼ˹ЦЦڵһŵǧ𣬵ջڿʼ֮ǰĳԣ˭ڽ࣬ܺյͬһ֮⣬һССĽ
ǣʤѩЦЦڵݽĳ˶ģԭ֮ڣûо߶ĿһССӰɡ
µϣʲôҪ֮ĳᣬֻҪݣĳһΪӰ쵽
ţ
ȫˣһ⣬û뵽ʤ߽Ȼǽһˣʤѩһŵ
ؽԶĳöˡ
ýһˣǽһ¼Ҷ˵ĻȻһŵǧ𣬼ֵ޿ɹŵɱȶ챦ҪҪöˡ
˶ʱһο
һ£һȻ֮ħ£ǺӣָˣЩͬˡ
뵽Ǵ֮ͥ£ʤѩ׿ڳŵ˶ûʲôķݣĬĬϵı飬ͷװ֪
ԼʵҲЩ⣬֮࣬Ǿϲ
ԭΪݽֻһ΢ЩݣʯͨһЩرȴû뵽Ȼһ
Ŀһת֮Ѿ˲뵽ķ
Լ̽¼ܣãӽһλᣬݴ
һ£ףôЩлⳡʤˡ
ƣ
ʤѩûȥܱϵı飬Ǵһ֣ջڽʱ䵽»СŮ¿ɶһӣǱһı̣һһ
ƣÿһ˵յ˶Щùȴֻһһˡ
űֻãеⱭŨףԭ࣬ɬˡ
Ҳ޿κε飬ԸľӦ÷䣬գ⼸ֻΣһڽӻ¿ɶϡ
õƵˣȴϲԽȻأһһĸооȥȴ࣬ȫˬ˵ʹ졣
þƣûᣬѾЩȲˣϽʼڶڰɣ
˿ڣ˶ʱȫ׵ʤѩ
մ˻ᣬΪᣬɲרΪյġȻʣȴǰ࣬ǵ׺ϯŸոտʼ
Ȼ˵ĺʤѩҲһ࣬¿ɶ̣Ʊȥ֮Ȼһ񣬰ˣյᣬڶڣϪ۵ʽʼ


593 
ϪʵϪˮ֮ϣһ˲Լһ塣ʲôܶԴֻҪӱ˼ţɹ
ʱ䲻ޣޡ֮Ҳ޳ͷ뽱ֻǸṩһ໥ƽ̨
ˣԸһԣ֮ô
ʤѩ˻£͵ȵòͷУһ˾֣˵ɣ
ȥ֮ˣΪǶֵ֮һĴ磬Ӧʤѩ״һ֣ãֵ롪
٣
״Ӧ泯ң޾ɫԼһȭ⽲˳ȻǳΪΪףҶȭԷǳףһ̾
ֻҪùȤȴѣϾӦŽ¥ġ廢ħȭȻףȴ֮ѧ˶ûѧҲûȤ
еȭĽͣǰһһ˿Ŀܡ
ڶλ
ʤѩˡ
ӦӦ𣬲˺ȡ
˵꣬ʤѩ΢ЦֵУ˵һԼȷļ⣬ǰһɷ׷׹ơ
ʱɿţɶڵĻУǰչŶӦӦܶ˵ķ׷׳ڣҲģָɽ˵ȣ̷ԣȻԲʲôۣ֮ǰһ֮ӮùһƬ
ܿ죬ֵͷϷˡ
λŮҶɡҶӣ롪
ʤѩһ΢Цӭ
Ҳɵþһ뿴м䣬λһ£ɵľŮ
Ҷɼ״Ҳƴǣ󷽵ػʮʿһۣ촽ڵҲûʲô˵ģ˵һ޵֮ˣְ֮ɡ
֪ҩֺ죬ΡһƷΪҩΪ½ܳҩ֮ޣƷΪҩǴ˵֮Ŀǰû˼ʶӵĴڡ
޵֮ˣˡ֮֡
Դڵ֮ͨƶһ١֯Ļͬλܲͬá
ĲԪҲԪ̥֮ʱʢĸ̥쾫㲻ģճʧһ已̥ǾǴ󲿷ͨ˵
޵֮ˣ̤֮޵һʣȣһ˿Ԫʧ
뱣˿Ԫʧ޵֮·ֻвɺﵽԴԴϲ䡯ĵزܽгɡ
νָǴʳ֮УڸΪӪģҲд֮䣬ֱӼȡģҲƺ
ЩͨĵãѪҺѭգܣǱӵеһй֮Դͷ
Թ˵ߣ죬Ҳ˵˰꣬飬ȥκӶӡҲ˵˵ڣһ𣬲ܴﵽá
Կգʧֻʣһ߿տǣҲͻ˶ˡ
Խ࣬ԽǴ⣬ԽӽˣԽãԽٲ
ͷ׷ģǽкȫﵽĵزǾԴͷ
һʵѣΪ̫ΪȱʧǴ׳пܣﵽǸزȱϾ쾫ԴԴϣʱԴﵽ٣ǧˡ
ǷǿߣҲȫתΪֻ׾ǿߣſƾϴӣתΪ죬ӵвʡ
ʱκһ׾ǿߣٿԻǧ꣬ˡ
޷߾磬ǣ֮ȴͨģܶתһ֣һԪʵһ֣һƪҶҵġСϴ΢İϴӺתΪ죬Ȼ̫ɹҽһĬ̸ҡ
˵꣬Ҷɱۣӣһƪ̻ɬھлг
˲䣬֮䣬ԪͬܵӦԶϪϪˮȻƬƬԱߵչ֦һЩ֦Ҷ䣬ȻʺĻ䡣
ɲڣǸ򲻿ܡ
û뵽ҶɿеƪСϴȻϪˣֻ¾䲻֮Ȼ֪϶ҶҵڹһƪСֶΣ⴫ǲ
ҶӨףһһϣɢͬİ׹⣬֮гľӦ˲Ϊ֮ԡ
·һɵˣףԣֻԶۣ档
ڣһƪСϴ꣬򣬾ԱĿһ³çĶӦӦֵܣҲѵõ۾ҡͷԣĬǲ
һʱֹ׵Ų˷׷׹ƣҶɵ˽󷽣ǸмѣϪʵڣҲ֮˸߳
˸ܵҶɵĻ̹ϣҲٲ˽ԾѧƵԼڸֵ⣬һһͣȴһرĵϣ֮䲻


594 ʱߺ
ħ££˾ϣɡɵȶ̷֣ȻûиܴﵽҶϪˣĵز಻ͬΣиİ
ȻһţԼջģڳмˣϢ֮۹ķо΢Ϊ֮ͻƵļ
ˣֶʣҲ֪֮飬ᣬеͻ֮ˡ
Ϊɽ֮ʯԹ˱˶ڵ⣬ƽʱǾͲһߣ߾ͿǸؿһͨ˲ִûпܡ
⣬Ҳ¼ҾٰĿɹ֮ӣ޲֮ͣϧˣŶѡ
Ҳɴ˿ɼǶôˣΪʤѩһսӶõĴ࣬òμĻᣬЩҵĲ֮ܡ
ȻңɣᲢۣǣܴˣĶ֮ЩҲǰ˴ȫġ
׾ҲջС
ΪջڣѾͷỷڣѴ⣬Ҫ͵أ˲ûڷԣһֱ˵ĳ
ǧ㣬תһ
ѩаħ£һز⴫ַ
޺ۣ塣
ӡ£һżȻһӻ̯©¹壬꣬ǵط
ˮŽпˡ
š˾ϣһſӳԼԿƲݵطֵˡ
ͨͨģ
ԦҵĻŮɡɡȻǸԦйأһż򵥵Ŀޣ޹ͨķһѧᣬпܣһЩͨ޵ԡ
Ȼ㷨ţǷҵĺĹ޴ãʮ棬˸ĸߣѧģ
תۣʱѾȥһʱϪʵڣཥβ
ڳˣˣ󲿷Ѿԣ㶼˵һ͡
Σ˴ģӵԼҵóԼһЩ߹۵ԲˣһջȻס
ܿ죬ΪĿӡǺӡ
ſǶʮֶص۾ɨһˣڵǺӲţԸһЩͫǳĩ⣬ָ֤
˵꣬Ͷͫãԭһ˵ţֽμͫ⣬ԼηͫĹ˵һ顣
ȻЩ棬û̫µĶȴˣĿһ£оջ
ΪǶͫû⣬Ȥˣ⣬Ȼͫһ㣬ûУǶηͫһ˽⣬Ī˱˵İ㡣
Ҫ֪ͫȻƫţʮ棬ʮǿ󣬷ʤ޵Уһ֮ɫ
˵ֻܴܻһЩʮǳĩķ֪ʶԣǻͫǾӡͫйأǺӵݽڳˣʶ֮ˡ
оǺӵ֮ͫڻͫӡϣ˲С棬ࡣ
ϣȴûб¶Ȼŵ͵ĬķֻǾ˭ҲΪöٶѧٶ
ݽ֮ˣĿӡǺӣݽ֮ʱ󲿷ĿҲֻʤѩħ£Ҷɣµˣٿ֪ˣǸһֱɽˮֻڵջڣйʱֵĺӣ桱
Ǻӽ֮ȫĬƬ̣գֵͷϷ
˶ףλʿһˣҲǽκľٰˣʤѩ
ʣʮˣѽֻ꣬ʣˣһһݣһβμһ⽭һˡ
Ϊڴͼģ϶ҲʤѩݽȻ֮ǰĵջڣԵɺϣף˿׵ĵλʵõ˵ͬ
ܶΪ䴿˹ʺˣ׵յĴ𰸣Ȼһģʡ£ȻƾĲܣԲգѹʤѩ˾ϵȣΪס
ˣỷڣҪʵʱ򣬺ܶ˶һֱĬˡ
һûǾʤѩ
˶תͷʱȴȻ׵΢Ц֣ʮˣȻȣ
״һʤѩЦݣٿˡ
ʱ˷·ŷһתͷе׿
ЦЦںһڵʤҲûʤ֮𣬵Ὺڣө֮⣬ԣҶڴֵݽɣ
ŶҲã
ʤѩԣ۾¶һ˿⣬浭Ȼı飬ƺЩʲôһЦͷ
Ŵԣٴ˷һеؿ
ʤѩͷ˼Ƭ̧̺ͷڵȻ̧٣ʤѩվҽһ޵֮·Ҫļʱߺ
ʱߺ
ʲô
ڳˣҲЩ⣬ûףΪǰû˵ʡ
ʤѩ״ֻЦЦҲûп漴ֱӾͽԼ֪йءʱߺ˵˳


595 Ϲ
ʱߺνʱߺ
ʤѩĿһӹڳˣ̹֡أؽڡ׻ת˥Ϊ׳ӹģչ̾˼̾ת澭¥죬ӰԱܡһδͨ黯է¶֮νʱߺҪ
νʱ̺Ϲ˵֮˼롣ָ޵֮ˣ֮ʱѭ򽥽ΣԼЧӦ
һʱĶྲ٣˼Ե򾳣ȡ޳ǶҰΪ֮Ҳ
ڶʱľٶ࣬㶯ģɢݣѿƷ֮ߣ֮ʼ
ʱĶΰ룬ľ㣬δܳɢ룬ڲߣ졣
ʱľද٣Ľ죬֮רעһʧá
ʱѵ߾磬һ򴿾´֮죬׼ӡ
Ӵ֮󣬴ԶߺԵãǹӡ
ʤѩܽνʱָ޵׶Σɶ״Σܵ׶ΣԽ֮š
ߺ
Ϫߣ޲ýζŵһ֪仹˶֮һʱɷ׷׵ͷ
˶ף޵ġ
Ҫ޵磬ӵһϯ֮أ˲Ѱ쵽ҪҲףһһܶ˶ǻ꣬ʮ꣬ϰʱ䣬ų׵׵İľ
һκ¶°빦ʲô£ûԽԽգûлԵ̤
뵽ˣ˶ʤѩҪ˵ߺޱȹעʮֺ档
Ͼڴ֮ǰȻѧٵĹҲٵĵ伮޵֮һ뾭ļ׶Σûʲô̫˽⡣
֪˵˼ʤѩһ£ż˵
ߺߣʱͬ
ʱıҪɶߺȴָ׶Σǿ߸Σÿһ׶Σ˱һ䣬Ǿ춯أ׵׵ı仯
ߺϹˡ㡯Ϊϸԣﵽһ磬޼ĳĴȻǴˣ磬˵ûﵽ硣
ţ
ͷ޼ĳǰٲľԲı־ȷǴ׷һĿ꣬˵Ѿ·ֻǲûߵúԶ
Ҫ˵Ҫ۷壬ľԲĵزˡ
ʤѩһۣڵޣɫͯաҲ˵ӵ˳˲ӵеĳĴഺפϻͯ
һ磬ҪпܴﵽǣԶԶ
ŴԣٴγĬ
ޣˣӵһ٣Ҫ˵ȫ˵ĽޣҲ첻Ҫ˵ڶ־פճ࣬Ϸͯˡ
ڶôѣʤѩȻ˵ߺǺʲô
˵Ȥһӱɴ۾ʤѩȴĽ͡
ʤѩҲûʧܿ㽫ʣ渵
ǧأڣΪ׾ſԴﵽĺ⣬ΪâΪ񣬱ͨڣΪһ˵˾Ǭɽߺӵи컻ص
ɫͨ飬˵⻯ӦΣΪ޾ߺ߳⣬컯ͨ飬Ϊ¾ӵƳռϣε
˵ߺǶ㣬أʵʱ֮󣬻еʱʱߺ֮⣬еڰ˺ھźڿھֻ֣ڶഫʶ֪ңҲš
ʱߺʱֻйҲɿ򣬵򵽵ģ֮٣˲һ
У
ʤѩԣ޲󻩣û뵽ʱߺ֮⣬о硣
ԼһֱԼ޵һĶ֮ģĸǵش֣ǰ;Ŀǰһ綼ûԶҪ˵ڶ磬ޣפղˡ
ʵѾ½ļޣܶˣⱲ붼룬Ҫ˵ĺߺˡ
ڳ˶ԣߺ֮г˵һڶܶ漸綼û˵׾ԵĴ˵
ʤѩԣ֪֮޵֮ڣȻб׸ǿļ󾳽硣
âһޣ£
֣˾Ī⣬֮ϣʲô磬ʤѩ֪
˲ɸ̾ԼС֪ԭãã֮䣬Լֻ΢ͬһ硣
ڽһĶֵأЩ츳˿ޡ
½ʵǾͲʲôˣ磬űƣƾǵʣ㲻ʲô
֮⣬˵лӵǧ磬޾򣬸Դ⣬ǵʵǴ˵
ʤѩ˵𺳱飬ЦЦգʤѩ֮ЩݣߴңʵΪ˴ңҲΪôҿĽʣҪǣǼޣԸ⣬µ¾ģҲǿ׷ߵĶ
ףâֻǴ˵˭˵˵ܴƣ
ԣҸӦŬܽЩ΢ĩֵǰĿֻڽһĶֵأԾƮƮȻͻʧȥȡ֮ģҲڽϾʿϣǽҲ̶á
ȥԽԱ֮ģǾߵøԶߵøȣߵø졣
ž
ʤѩĻˣħ£˾ϣǶӦӦЩѱ֮ˣһվƣǵͨ졣
ǰȻϲ˵ĸУһ԰ʤѩʱߺһ˲ŷ֣Լǰһȶֻǿ̤룬滹޸ɽʱ𺳵
һأǿҫۣ£ǿ΢ĩ糾ǧţǸʲôҲ㣬ֻʷеһСС۵˻һ˱㱻ûڻʧܱ˼סģûм
Ŭľʣǣǧ꣬ð꣬Ҳһʮ꣬꣬꣬磬û˼סǵˡ
ʤѩܽˣκᣬԲŴҶջࡣգáеһλҹ㡣
˶ڳ¶עӣվɫ࣬泯Ϫе֮ˣٿʻء仯ûԴ棬ͱǧȥްɢ񾲵̣ɫϣɣɣͨٱ䣬꣬ͬߣͬ١
ҪҼס⼸仰Ϊ㣺ٿ෽øʻأһߵľ磬ӵгĿɲΰפգ仯ǧ꣬ߣͬ١
ǻ׷꣬ߣͬ߾磬٣Ӧð֮еʱ⣬õøһЩʹһҪʡ
ǸɽС£ٲ׺Ѳ֮΢һָǧֻ˲䣬޵֮ˣҪ޵ʱ޵ʱ䣬ѲܱΪܣϴһޣ̤޵һ;


ʤѩ䣬Ϫ棬ȻȺȪԾղſһͷƵƵˮ棬һȦһȦϪˮ֮£ȻĪ˹֮
ϪͷԾˮϹȻ֮˸Ӧ׳¡
˴ѵһֵ澰ۣһ·УΪһݣһ̣аٸниͷ


596 ԰
˶ˡ
Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬ŵźջʧ䣬֮вμӺˣʤѩһ׳۵ĽȺ뿪ɽׯ
ֻһ⣬Ǳ
Ǻһڣ֮Ŀףʤѩһŵڽ֮Ҳ˶û뿪ɽׯǱʤѩһͥԺѯʲôҪ
ΪʲôԭⶼõĻᣬȻŹ
ѡʤѩһôҲû뵽ȴ֮еҪ˵Ľ¼˵¼һ¼ǰס¹Щط
¼ȱֵ𾴺ͳݣˣǧǰĹ˲ᣬҲģˡ
һˣǶٶʮǰ¼λšµϡ
Ŷգɻͨԡ£뷨ǿཻƣĪʧ٣֪䡣
ڶλһʮǰ¼ٳһλţţǸŮӡ
ӡ³ֻܹʱ䣬ʱ䣬ȴȱ˶ʮ꣬µͷ
꣬Ͼ½֮
»ޣֽ󣬽滨¼ҡ
һʱڡӡʱ
Ȼʧ֣ʹȥһʮ꣬ûܹǡ
ӡ֮磬ܳŮӵĴʣĴ˵
ԣӡסĵطȻҲܴ
һˣǱʮǰ¼꣬λǴţպá
ɾͣԽλ棬롰ӡΪ޵ټײƾס
һѧΪǱʮʽԴǼµԼӡ³Ŷѧ֮й֮޲
¶ʮ꣬ʱ䳬λ游ͬʱҲǽ¼֮ˣԵȴҲʮ֮ǰ˵ħ¼Ҿѣ֪١
³ΣȥΣˣ¼Ϊ֣
ûµϣ³ڣ¼û䲻֪ʲôӣˣǳ¼ҵ¼ҵģĪһµż
Զ£ʤѩ֮⣬֮С
֮Уʤѩû뵽Ҳ¼λĳߣ¼ңݷһ¼ҼλµżⲢ֣ȫ֮ڡ
֮ǣȴһҪȡһͨĳŵȴЩСĴˣֵ̫
ʤѩһŵʱҲ¼ңĳ£ʹԼҲ¼Ϊȥ졣
˵ŵֵҲȻ֮ǰҲۺ죬ʡ
ڣȴܡֵǡĳŵȥһһô˵ͨҪ˴һˡ
Ϊݷ¼ż˶ˣȻ˻ᱻֻܾйϵϺãŶĵӣҪ¼һ㶼ӦûʲôҪ
˵ѣʵԼ򵥣ֻҪȥֶΣȫа취ܹ쵽ûҪôһŵȴôˣʤѩΪݳ֮İжºԥĴӦˡ
˵гŵûУôһССҪҲܾ̾
СŮ¿ɶͬʤѩ˳ϪϣɽׯһЩƧƧĹ԰
˵˵أΪ԰֣Ѿף¼ңλǰסĵطˡ
Ȼ
Ŵ˵أִ˵ȻϣԳ˪µĺۼõúܸɾȻһЩѾӲݴδ¥ȴԲôȻʱã˴˾סۼĴ
ש̵أשǽĲͥԺ֮Уһ˼֮飬ȻźԭǰĹˣȻԼԶʵϢȴһֱ֮䣬˻ζƾ
Ȼ֪ԼУΪʲôӶڣ˼һƮúԶȴûп˵
ʤѩҲһֱֳĬ
ʱ˹С԰԰ģһ˲ʣͭ壬һ㷢죬Щơ
ԭֻ࣬ʱԶЩطѾˣȴԱ£Ȼʱ˷þһľƣɫ׭飬Ͽ̡֡
Уռʱһϴ΢΢⣬ʤѩֱϵ߲㣬ڰ˲㣬СɽׯȻƿ˵֣֪֮ǰ⿪գõɫС𣿡
ţ
һ漴Ӧ˹˵׽𽣣Ϊǽ𽣣ȴ֪ʷȥ֮Ͳһ飬ֻȴڴʱʣĪǣǽ𽣣԰ˣйأ
ǺǣֹȻ˼άݣܽ׵ˡ
ʤѩһ䣬ƿ˵ǽ𽣣¼棬游ǰ֮µһűаֻȻƷ׽Բߣ಻ƷҴʧ¼ҵ֮һ׹屦С
СõƤ͵գ˻ڵѶȣһ͵ϴڵйǼֻǽ𽣣Ϊǵ죬ǰջڣ˶ĳڴˣֵˡ
˵꣬һȻҪ
ʹá
״æһܣÿԲʤѩľϹ
𶯣û뵽Լ֮ǰΪֻһɽǽ𽣣Ȼ¼棬ǰ֮µһ


597 Ƚ𽣣߽
˭˵ǿ¼Ϊ͵ļ֮һ
ڵġӡպǿ󣬱ϾԶǶ֪Ϊ֮֮ȴ֮е֮ĵһˡ
ΪΨһһʷأƾѨ۷Ϊ뷨ս֪ĵز
˵ǽ𽣹Ȼͷ޴ˣѹ֮ǰɽԼˣʱ¶𶯣;Ľı顣
ΪˣǲһĹԣ˲ɵ𺳺̰
ɵÿڵǹ֮ȻǷС֮٣ԭͯģĳǿռԵ黹ڹԣ𽣻ׯ
˵֣꣬һָ䴢䣬Ҫ𽣣黹
򲻿ɡ
״ʤѩæ裬˵ȻѾͳûջصĵ˵ֻϡ񱦣ˡ
ִ˶ֻǻСıܣϾҪʧҪõ¼ҵһ죬ĳڴ˿Գŵһ𽣣ԶһһֻҪֽ𽣽¼ң¼ұΪһ飬ȴ޳
ţ
ԣ˼۾תתΪƵ˵ǺðɣҾʱܣպлᣬ˶Ե黹
ʤѩڵǽ𽣣ʵֻеһƣƣʵΪ𽣡𽣣аֻ˽ÿֻһвͬá
һֻΪ̫𽣣˵ǧг֮УΪҲһСϧʧ䡣
ڶֻΪ̫𽣣̫ǡǡ෵Ϊ֮ʰɫΪʣȴֱϪ֮У˲佫һҪɱ顣
ֻΪȽ𽣣֮ϣһţͷͼ˵ӵɽܣħ
˵۷֮ʱһ߶һСС𽣣ѹһСɽӵʲô˵棬¼Һִƴ˽꣬ȴܽ⿪ͷŲҲֻһͨ𽣶ѣʲô⡣
Ƚ𽣣
ˣ۾һȴ뵽֮Լõǵڶ𽣣βһţͷĪǾʤѩ˵ǵ𽣣Ƚ𽣣
ոջ˵ԼֻʱܣҪ¼ңȻھó鿴֤棬ȥ
ıΪ𽣣˵֮ʱ˲߷ǧÿһɫ缲ʮ֮ǿ󣬶ǰ˱У޳ߣ̫һͬʧ䣬֪٣Ǻ󱲵ź
ңҲûм𽣵ӡ
ţ
ͷҲһ˿ź𽣣ִ֣ڵ֮ʱǺεȸ
һ֣ݺؼ䣬ֻнХһĪĽ𽣡
𽣣Ϊǽ𽣡ǣΪŴ֮ľ֮ǣڻƵÿ꾭һԼʮ꣬һ죬ֳǣ֮ǡ
ԣǽ𽣣һʱ𽣡˵߷䱡⣬伲磬ǰ˱Уᣬٶһ˵ٶȿ쵽ޣ˵ۻ޷ֱ̽ûУȫӰ
ĲϣҲϡ֮˵һ顮һƷϵӵʱµκζΧʱŶƱطϼʱľֻüܳ׳Ҳò˼꣬㳹׵ϻȥ
𽣣Ϊ߽𽣣к֮ӰΪ鶯֮߱𽣣Ϊ׻𽣣а׻ͼΪѵڰ˱𽣣Ϊ½𽣣ǹʱ֮ΪϹ֮һ
ðԣ֮ʵ룬λ룬Ȩ˾աΪϹ֮ޡԹ½𽣣֮˵д˽ߣ֮ǿԶˣֱܷ޷ֵĵرϡ䣬ϧ̫һͬʧٲΪҵ¼Һ󱲣Ϊź֮¡
¼ҵӣ޲һȱʧΪΣϧһֱ٣ڵ֮ʱȺԭʧ˰ɡ¼ʧȴֻʣ˸ˡ
ԣЦЦ˵ȴû黹֮¡
֪˶ľܻĲôڣȻ֪¼Ҵﵴйأô׹黹ղŹ˵ҲΪ̽ʤѩѣȻ˵ˣʤѩԽջأȻ
ʤѩȻʹȴֻһһ𽣵ĳŵŵ֮أͿ֪ˣֻҪԸ⣬ʱô˶𽣣Ҫ¼Ϊ¡
壬õúˣǼֵ
ڣعʤѩ˵İ˽֮ѾȷԼõ𽣣ӦþеĵȽ𽣣Լ߽ˡ
ϧǣڰ˱УλأҪģӦþʧԼɱ¼ҵ̫ˡ
¼ҵ̫𽣲룬ʧ𽣣˵лᣬлҵʱԼ֮ֵˡ
ȻҲֻ룬ƾ¼Ҿ֮꣬Ҳοһˣ˵һ֮¼һҪ䲻Ҫôǳ׻ʧҪôǱղأزʾˣѰ
Ҳ˵䣬ԶǻԵʵҪңҲպþôһҲûпܡ
߰ɣ
ʤѩ˱𽣣ȻЩȱȱк¥
¥ݿڵ˲䣬ȻĿһԱߵ¥ݿڱīʣдһСС׭֣
ԨԴأ֪ţһȻ֡ʶߵ˭ܱľ΢Уϻ
컯쾫裬꣬ˮ¡ʮ̥ͣš֪񣬳߱飬˵֪
ţ
֣͵һ·𿴵һˣվתĿã֪ļį¶


598 
Īǣ
г˼ٶһ˲ǰʤѩ˼û˸ϣɻͷʵôˣֵܣ
Ŷûʲô
״ڳ˼е˲䱻ʤѩѣҡҡͷû˵ʲôͷٿǷһۣȻӿŲʤѩڵ߰ɡ
ðɡ
ʤѩûзʲôͷϷ¥ݿһۣȻһЦҲûʣֱӴգƬʱֺһص㡣
һȵ԰ҪСϲС¥ʮдҹ緶¼λǧСĹ
¥ϣ֣ǡ顱֡
󡣡
ʣҲ֪ǽλ֮һΨһŮԣӡ³Ĺ뷿
ӡ³˵Ϊ˵ʮǰġպҪ˵̶ȣǵ֮ĵһλ
Ϊ꣬ȴ䣬ºպʱ󣬼޲šӡ֮Ҫ˵󣬵ʱ˿֪ܲ˭ûˣûӡ֮
ʱ䣬ܶڱˣֻǧ֮һ˲ȴõʱա
žޣòɣȴʮȻңΪֱ׷ʦ꣬˵޵磬̤¼żߣ֮꣬ʤ˺䶯һʱĴ˵
֮ʢԱĳ֮࣬Ҳ¼֮ʹڣأۣȻֹ
֪ˣ̾Ϣۼһ⽭һ˵ľɡ
˪һ࣬¸ѩʤΨǶˡ
߽ڣָξȫ£ߵǰֺ棬һ԰СԺԺܣӳ䣬һССǧ
һ̣ȻҲʮһ¼λһ˵ķɣϧ˹ȥͻƷ򼸺ٴ䡣
¼ȻҲĻ񣬵ȴضʾˡˣǼ꣬ζ̤󣬿ϧûԸ
ȻܹԸǣȴ˷ǣѲ˹Ӱˡ
߰ɡ
ʤѩ˵ʤѩ˵ͷҲûж˵˵ĹʵأȻѾռţϾһλŮӣѾҲԸ˶ţڣˬشص㡣
ص㣬еĿ꣬ʵ֮ǰĵ԰֮󣬶ΪڻĻӣֻ˳ѰĶѡ
ɲĨȥǳšպסĵص
ǸأͬҲΪѽ⣬Ľʹͬһ𾴵¼ǿߣպãҲһֵĺ档
ҪӴһȥǹȥѾϡ͵ǳ޷赲ǿ⿪ռŲҰ֮յҪһҲ˽ԼʦڣǱ¼ҵҪԭ
ǣƾβ²⣬ȴôҲû뵽Ǹʮǰ¼ң󣬶죬𾴺Ľ¼ǿߣպãסĵص㣬ȴȻɽׯɽׯ֮⣬֮һССĿ󶴡
ʤѩԼֱɽׯ֮ⱼȥ֣˲֪졣
¼һ콾֮ߵĵһˣûеҪסһССĿ󶴰ɣǿ֮Уʲô죿
ź棬ƾ˵Ľų̣·һζܿһЩڶĿ󶴡
ưܣЩطѾ̮˵ص˼⣬꽭ǸպǿߣߺŻߺ֮ġ֮¼ҾסģȻȵط
˵⣬Ǻܶһ⴦󶴵ˣͬɻ¼ǹˣһٵصƭǡ
ʤѩ߽ȥ֮󣬶ʱȴ֣ԼˣҴס
󶴿Сȥ֮󣬿ռȴòƺܴ󣬶ҵ·ǧһԾӹֱ̣ܻͭͨ¡
·ߣڣһʮĶѨѨУҫۣһɫĳڵϣ鲼һΡ
ν֮Уһ̳̳֮ϣһ污š
ʤѩһָţĵطҲ޳һ˸˾̾ѧǱʮʽڡ
ţ
۾ٴ۾ȥۣȴо󶴵ĲͬѰ
ڣ֣˿˿ΧĽϣļ̨֮⣬оˣѨɽеľ̨꣬£
̨֮ϣֱۣ֮ͰأʱȾ⡣
ˣ𶴣֮ԲɽׯǳԿ󶴶ӣ϶ĳ湦󶴵Ŀʯ֮ӶΪãһ󶴣ֱɽ꣬վ轣֮Դڴһգֻ¿ɵ֮ͨ
ֻϧû⹦ղЩʯɽ¾ȴ֡պĿܡµǡ
нǧһһ˸ź⣬ͷҲֱ
ЩƷÿһļֵҲֻۣɢĽ㹻£һҪͬһʱ䣬ϵڣǵĽҲ˵Ҫסʹ򽣴ģ壬Ҫ˵ʮ꣬һʱ̣Ҳͨܳܵġ
ڵǵǵΪ־֮ǿҲͨҿʹҴʱԶ˵ľļ̳֮УҲֲ죬ͱض֧ŲסȻȥ
ãȻǲ򵥰


ʮ˼ 


599 Ǻ
ٴʱ䣬ûʲôķ֣ʤѩǳǣʤѩҲû
ȴһ룬ºһͬǰϺ£μϾʿޡ
ԣһ£漴ЦЦͷӦ
ôõĽӽ¼ңӴ¼Ļأʤѩ׳֦ٺò
²⣬һʤѩԼμӺᣬϿԼʵһΣ֮ԼΪԼջǽ𽣡
Ȼƾ׸ҲֻװɵЦЦ˻裬˲֮ԵȴƳĪѡ
߳ɽׯʱ˿֣Ųú
һߣһ˼
ɽׯ֮УջȻҲź
ջǣڵջڣõһƷҩԸ¼棬ǰĴµǰµ֮һǽ𽣣ֵ
ǽ𽣣ȻʱӲʲôãţȻܳΪµ֮һܷ֮ԶеϾʿ
ңڵỷڣ˺ܶĵ˼룬ҶҵġСϴħµġ֮µġ֮ɡɵġ֮Ǻӵͫ⣬ȵȡ
ʤѩġʱߺۡ˳ԾҲɶĿһ£е۽硣
Ϊʤѩ̫ģֱûзԣ˵۱ᣬʤѩһ֮ǣ˽
ҲΪᣬԸι¼λĹʾ֮أջĶࡣ
źҲΪˡ
Ȼɹ˲ι¼λĹʵػᣬ˵Ŀģȴ̽顰պռŲҰĹϵԼԼʦ֮пܴڵϵ
ǣһĿȴδɡ
ι𶴣ȫ̶ʤѩͬټ¼ܼӣȻ𶴣˶˸⣬Щȴһá
ȻЩʧ
ҲֻҪʤѩֺùϵܻлᡣ
һξܻЩջѾǳԤˡ
㣬̽¼֮صȻҪϾʿ޻ûпʼм仹ҵʱ䣬Ѱҵһˮ֮أˮʹõǲܳһ˿ˮ֮ľ
֮ôһǸսɽׯ̫δܻʲôõĽѭ򽥽ȴᡣ
Ȼ̫УƵ˲ɡ
ҲΪϾʿޡ
Сˡ
ʳǷޣޱ߳ޣұ֤Լһܳߡ
ϾʿޣѾŽ룬ʱϾţңɢ޵ӹͬѹ
һ󣬶ʤѩħ£˾ϣӦӦܣЩ֡
Ҫ˵Ͼ˺ֹ˿ڸǾֱơ
£ȣ˴еǰλڣϾСơ
ԣ֣ƾԼʱʵǿлᣬɱǰʮǣȷΣ䣬ٻӦһơ
ԣȻص֮󣬾뿪Ѱһˮ֮أհˮϵľš
ʱٲμϾʿޣžͽü࣬ٴζʤѩδûһƴ֮
һǰ壬ǰҲûлᡣ

ɽׯص֮һαŲȴư֣ˣؽͣȥ֮أʲôɽʤˮȪ
տʼʱȫϢ̰ͼģҲͨɽɽˮˮش˵죬ϸһŶ֪ǲǱԶﴫ黯˵
ҪȥˣҪʧ
ԣˣӴ˽𣬲ѰҵķΧգ֮󣬻һȷеϢڽ֮أһСΪ򣬱ʮ֮⣬һɽ
ɽ߿ƣ䶥Ʋѩѩ塣
ѩ嶥䣬ȴһԲȴů紺ÿҹǵӳͬȺԾΪ죬˳֮ΪǺ
ƬǺ棬˵޵ĹѨ»һĹĹŴ챦в֮ˣǰѰϧһ
кܶˣȥ֮󣬴ӴҲûг
ǺҲ˱˳֮Ϊһյء
ҪĲڿӵеıأȻ飬ȷƬˮȷв֮󣬵¶æǰ֮أѰǺϵȴһԲ֮ҹʹˮ
ȥư֣ӵˣҪǲظ棬ƳµˣҲ֪Ĺһرˮ££ڼû˴ţҲûǿ
ǣư֣ӣѩձˣԸڴڼ䣬һаȶ滮չԼ֮ٽһյ峿뿪󣬳ޱ߳ǣֱ֮أǸΪСȥ
죬뿪֮أ뽭ң˳ŵ˵ָ㣬ǴƧһ֮еıСȥ
ԽңԽǺ䣬ԭӦÿͣƬشȴǲ㰨ѩѩɽ֮һС֮⣬СʮּªֻʮССľݣһСңдŰɫ֣򡣡
ڣ۽ǲ½õƽ񣬻ųͷ¨һƤľһֻ۾Ǻͬĺɫ߽ò䱸
ⷬȷʣСľѾܾûӦСˣУë۽ǣѰߣǰѩɽѰʢֻѲڣûгֹˡ
ҲȻȻǺôĴ˵ǰֺ䶯һѰ˻ڣʧܶö֮ǺڣӵбصĴ˵Ȼƣ˵ˣһ澰ˣѾֻǹۿһ¾ɫѡ
ʱţǺбĴ˵ȻѾƣô˵Ȼ٣˵˱ˣ֪˾ԽԽ٣ѩɽǺĴ˵Ȼǵ
ҲѰôãһ֪Ϣˣ˵̰ͼǰҰҪԭ


600 
ڣûпջҲûоջ
ǰУЩѰ߷׷ȥʧ֮ʹ˻ķйջջҲȫ䣬ɴˡ
˵ĵطе̣Ȼ򲻴󣬵Ҳмʮ˿ڣͷһССӻ̣Щߣ֮ũС
߽ӻ̡
´һۣӻ̲һļªǼƬľΧɵСľ巿ռ仹˼ҵé
ӻڱԵһСڣ˻ҳżֽݣͰͣɿݿݵǹÿյˮʱ䶼Ϊ㣬Ӧú˹Ʒ˼ֱÿ
ӻ̵ϰ壬һͷ˯ڹľֱ֮ù֮žѣ軨ۿһæһ㣬վǿصλ͹٣֪ҪЩʲô
üͷһЩܡ
ӻڣһЩͷԵͨ⣬ƶǸͨõģҪõϵƷˣҲ̽һ£ɽĵ·ѡ
߹ƺܾûţò׿һˣ۾¶ľϲУۻ軨һգĿһתȻϲӻ̵Ľ䣬һ̳ɫϾƣʱһָҾҪ̳ưɡ
һӺϵмĿУ߳ӻ̣һ̳Ͼƣתѩɽȥ
󣬱ԭ񣬿뿪ıӰָָ㣬۷׷ס
кܶ˵֪ӻȻΨһ̳ƸˣǾʮֲ˼飬̾˹ˣ踣졣
˵ƹ̳ƣڱڣжαȽϴĹµġ
ʮǰһ˵ıˣѩɽ£ھ͵ˣƹ˼ңǣΨһĴ򣬿һۣҡҡͷˡ
գǸˣǲζọ̈̄״¡
֮ǰžƹ񣬲֣ӱһɫĴ󻨣͸ƹΪ֮
ȻΪ̫أվζǽɫ󻨣͸ƹ
򣬵ʱ䶯һΪǶɫ󻨣ʮ֣ȫˣûϳֻ֪亮쳣һʲô˲˸ܿ
˶ʱʶ仨ĲͬѰֻǸѾˣҲûܴĿ仨ľƹ仨Ҳе޲ߡ
елʱοѾժģֻ¹˼죬ܳһ㣬༸Ҳͻήлʱֻ³ΪһƷˡ
Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ãȲҳԣҲ֪ɶȻ˶֪仨ЩһȴҿỨǮȥһȫ֪õĶ
ǣһ˵ȴһĪĶ֮棬֮ϧ
գΨһλʶ˵һ仰ôéٿҲɫ䣬ҵһɴ֮·
Ǿǣơ
Ȼȫ֪仨ãǲΣֻҪ֮ɾƣֻ¾ܽ⹦Чһ꣬꣬꣬ʮ꣬пܣԶһ仨ıڣҪǿˡ
绨ڵ˲óƣܻ˻ġ
ǣһЩϡҩģƹʹ˰֧ѩΣһƬǣһ̳Ͼơ
ʹǣ˾֮ȴû˶飬ǣƹʧķ֣ʧȥһ黨һʧ뱲ӻŻİ֧ѩΣһƬǣĶȥա
̳ƣҲһֱԼӻڣϧڼûһУҲнˣ˵ˣЩӻǣ̳һڣǼʮꡣ
ڷӻλã˻ϡ棬ˣʮȥڣ˲ٿϡ棬Цƹöˣģ̳ưڷŵλãһ£䵽ȥմ˻ҳƹҲò
һ˸ӲṺ̳ˣʱˣСڵˣ¡
û뵽죬һĪСӣĽƹӻ꣬ʲôû򣬾Ͱ̳ˣƹһ˲ʹ˲ɸ̾ʱת˴ˡ
ƹĿУ˸ƺ󣬻ѯȥѩɽôߣףһǺرȥģɷ׷׿̾һ󷽵ģϧһѰȥġ
ȻѾˣ¹棬汲ഫ֪·߹ȥգܴԭ·߻ģѾ֮٣ǽ꣬Ǻ˼ˡ
ʮǰǸѩɽϣһˣҲ֮һ


601 ѩҰ
룬һ·Ŵӱӻ̳Ͼƣѩɽ
ԽߣԽԽ䣬пʼƮѩ
ֵڣоȻѩƮ䣬ʵڲһ顣
ѩɽȵطȴȫԳ˱󣬱Ҳһ˼ԼҲûߡ
ãأһ󣬳ççѩҲ
տʼܻеʣԽԽȻţ·ĹУȫüȻһƬߣߣԺ롣
ĹȴߵĹУ֪ԶתתһȦһȦڱһů
ڣʱ֣ǰһ߿Ƶ޷壬޷֮԰һƬжΣȴ΢͸ǰһ
ѩ壬ڵˡ
ڷһ˿ϲãȻó̳ӻϾƣ򿪺ɫľ̳һڡ
һص㣬˲ǻȻ꣬о˶Ҫ
ƵĿڸУȻ¼ɽׯȵְ㺮𣬻Ҫأ棬һ˵ζʹѾ븹ɱֲɢ
ˡ
Ȼڣһϣ˲ɢĺ⣬ڵȻתһȦһȦ󣬾Ȼһֹֹס
ڵĵֵͬҰɿתûΪ߻ħһʱ󾪣Ҫֹͣķ
ȴ֣ķֹͣھӿ£ӿ죬ȫܿƣһɹɵɿδܣȻΪϽӣڵĵڷ׳Ȼȫӿ˵֮С
Ƿ̶ȵת岢ûиеԵĸɣҲûиеʲô쳣϶ҪʮżˣҲҪǿֹͣˡ
ֻǣڷת֮ʮȦ֮ɾɢ翪ڵĵָ
ȫŷ֣ڣĪһ˿˿ɫĵһ˿ζĵμռڵһǣȲڣҪҲѸų⿪
·Ĵڣ֮ǰеҪһ𣬲ͬһ֣߼Ѽڡ
ŵһ˿Ĵڣȴ֣ͬһ㣬ôҲˣͱĵʹָĸоȫͬ

̾ϢһҲɫʲôԼĵǸǻ
Ǹǻǻ㲻ʲô޷Ҳֻʱȥܡ
ƣ϶̳ϾйأȻƽʱû飬ƫƫںһ̳ɫϾ֮ȴıʡ
ʱɫʲô£̳ƣҲҺˣ֪ΪʲôһƫƧСһ̳ͨϾƣȻЧֱţ˳Ծ
ٴ˰Σûмʲôףŷſģˣɫ磬ֱӳѩɽ֮ȥ
һ·֮ϣѩ̰䣬ţżмֻѩȸּʳĭһƬ
ûйǣֱ϶УߵɽؼһƬףĴ˼֮ʣȻռŵ磬϶Ȼһͬ
м϶罭Ѱˣŭǧתһּ׳۵ĸо

ûзӦڵոƽûãٴһһּ˷ܵĸоȻƽʱԾֻ࣬ڸոҾ֮ʱ
ʱͣ½ŲϸǴӺδ
ϧ϶ɽ仨ȣżţȴϪˮʯ棬ȴС
ٹԼһյʱ֣ڣȻһͣͬƿգȻֹУȻӿֳһ˿źʧо
ʧƬ̣жȻ߽ףô
յΪΧԲֻһڣʣڣһЩͨǼûеӣҲûͣѩɽɽ۵١
ʣܳܵϺȴټˣԲǷˣֻĳһټңһʱ˸ɽۣѩٺ˸ؼį亮ŵ⾳ڴ˰ɽǡ
ֻǣڵʲôˣȻѵ֮أѡ˼ӵش˵ֽɵĵطУ˻ǲһ˿棬ˣòƲ򵥰
ֻҪɽ˵ܼˡ
뵽ˣȻһЦͷȻʲôȵ˷嶥Ȼһز˵ĿʱŮףһ֪ˡ
Ųɿ켱˼֣ɴʩչҲΧѩˣһ·ͬϣԶͬɽ֮ϣһѩߣڳŷ嶥λòǰУԽԽ죬ӽ嶥
Ƭʱֺ󣬡
һ̤ѩ죬ͣһƬ׳ĺ֮ǰ羵ûҹûм˵ԾȺʳ׳۳˲Ϊ֮һ
˵еǺ󣬵ɫ֮ȴ˲Ϊ֮԰Ρ
ɫĺ棬߷ѩɽۣ֮һƬף䣬ô⣬׵ĿȻ˸оȴǣܵѩ壬̹ǣں֮ϣȴ˿˿ͬ
²⣬֮ףʲôԴһɽڣȻ죬ֻ˲֪Ϊضѡ
עĻЩܣѰǸ˵Ӱȴ֣ҰһƬտ˺棬ǼͰѩ𣬲ûκԵڵûпκĺۼ
˵ˣǸղӺζ
ղӴ˶ǵ֮ˣȥ˺η
ԼΪ̫ռŲ˻ʮֲɣԼ˾뿪
ĿȻĿһ˿ʹӸɽ뿪ѩģֻɽһ·˸ոյѾҪɽҲػԼ棬ϵ÷һӰ
ȻûнӡΪˣѩ֮ϣͲʾۼһȷ˼ǣڣ˶ߡ
ǰǺ֮һٺѩ֮ϣһССƽͣشѩһЩһ飬ȴйʲôＷѹĺۼǵ֮£߲á


602 Ůϣ
Ȼɵ㣬һ˲Ʈϸϸ۲졣
ȻǶᣬ㱼ŵһɵ㣬Ȼ΢ȴѲıӡ
޵֮ˣΪһľ磬ʹͨͨͨ˶٣УԶʤˣȻҲһ֡
ˣŵ˲ŵĶ
ǸŮӡ
һǳǳ΢Цû뵽嶥ϵ֮ˣȻһλŮӣҿζλŮӣȽᣬܷǳƯ
ˣֻ㣬֮ܵóֽۣ츳ЩζֻʺŮӣƯŮӡ
Ȼûм֮ǰҲҿ϶˵һء˵һλϸҲпͿĨۣһˣҪԸͿۣҲûпܡ
ֻǣǸԸԼĲ²⣬ΪųζܲһۣŮӵ㡣
꣬أʮֺš
ȻѾ뿪ԼҲûɴҲͲֻҪѩϣмһ졣
ĿǺϣѰһݾ֮ء
Ȼ޵֮˲庮䣬ǧѩɽ֮಻ʲôǣϾǴһͨ˹ģϰѰһܷѩĸ塣
Ͼڴ˴ʱ䲻̣ܶʮ££֮ʹõˮ֮ܳɹˮϵľȻԴϲǰ뿪ϾμϾʿޡ
ܣҲҪڴ˶һЩʱ䣬ʱվֻƾ˵صɷδزȫԼеˮ֮ľǵʿ޿ǰϦûиŻ뿪
һȦȻ汻һȽϺõıܷ֮أһƬѩ£Լ߰ʮҵķΧһǺ֮ϣѩбγһбȻûʲôѩɽ֮ĵδڣѲ
ˣȻĿֱ꣬ƮȥƬں֮ϵѩ֮ǰƣƬ̣ʹһԲԼɵССʯɹ
ȥ֮󣬷ѩȴʮůʯΪʣΪ˲һܰСѡ
յҲûȥѩУĿ׼ȵҹٺúÿһǺ澰ʱپʽ
ۣȻϲķ֣֮ǰһֱƿûʲôֻУȻ쳣ĻԾ
˿˿Ǻˮɫǵ㣬Ƥëףٽ֫ٺԸоΧ类ˮΧƣرʪˬѲȻ΢΢ǰһ
ʱһһֹȥʱ
ȻȻȴǸо̫¸ɽ³ɽۣؽڰҹ
ߵѩڣͷԶۣһһһֶص
һٸͷռĺ棬ȻǰȻһһĨεľޡ
ɫĺˮҹ䣬Ȼ任ɫͬһƬǺӣ浹ӳǿյ㡣з磬΢ʱ˸һһţͬԾԾˮ棬⡣
ˮΣǹҫۣյò˼䣬ʤ
һʱжȻһһ˼ϣˣӦڴˣӦڴ˵ĳ嶯һĸоʼصļ䡣
ǣľΣ
ȻعϲȴԼһϲղųֶľ˲ʧӰ٣룬ԣ޷ظղһĻ
źѣףÿһһˣһ𺳣Ǹʱ׸ľģϧԼơ
һβܣˣΪۣȻʤգ׼ûĸоֱ꣬Ҳ޷˲ľĴš
ͬʱϲġ
ϲǣȻûԲ֮ҹԼҲûʹˮ򣬵һμʱǺ͸Լ˹ӡ񣬲Ҳɹľ֮š
Ȼʧܣ˵õģֻҪȵԲ֮ҹԼľԲȱһʹˮ򣬾ͼпܣʤǰˮϵľӴ˶ţ
һʱ䣬ڲ֮ߣԲ֮ҹо졣֮˵Ǿ죬ǰ죬Ϊ֪ʮһԲ֮ʱνʮ°룬һȱ״̬
ʹˮҪԲ֮ʱԲɲָʮ֮ڣԲӣȻѡʮʮ壬ҲǣҪڴˣȴŰ˾ҵʱ䣬ʱٿľǷԲڣſҪҪʹˮ
Ȼʱ仹磬ʣʱ䣬Ҳķţһˣõβһ쳣
ҹǹ棬ȻΪľչһͣƺʮʺɸоõ޲׺
ƽʱοʱװ׵ĿԼǰȻջۣǺõĿʼ
ΨһϧûɵҲûмǸٵŮӣ·Լɽ֮ͺȻʧˣٲ֡
ʱһζţգѹ죬˵ھ죬ҲǱ£ʮԲӡ
һ׼ľϲŭƽ״̬ˮҲóֱߣ׼͵ȴҹ٣ٽҪһ
ʱţҹ٣ϲǣ칫ҲδƮѩһ羵͸һһӳں棬صĸоٴγļ䡣
ûеǿңԸһǿҵ𺳡
Ǹûᡣ
óˮ׼һܵʱ򣬺Ȼϡһ𡭡


603 Ů£
ֹһ羪κˣһֶͷ˾ǧѩĸоƽ
ϧȻȴ˲ľüòˮ֪λǰ˷ˡ
ǺҹԼҲٻظղŵľʱʹˮֻǿշѱ
һŭò׵ȵһᣬ칫ҲԼҲ׼㣬ֱʱ˺ͣԴﵽ۷壬ȴû뵽;˳֣˲һ׼ȫ׷ѣѪ
תͷ뿴˭˲ʶȤԼĺ£׼ǳһ
ȻһתͷһȴɺȻһ˲סˣиıŭ˲丧ƽޱȿռŰ
ҹ¹£»ɴҫǺǹҴܣþ
ʱɵǺģȴһŮ貨һϮ£רעһŹ١
˫ʮָ紺񣬷ɿζӨ͸һҵɳ䣬ɢãأܺ棬ѩΪ֮ͬ衣
ȣȻֻһӰԸһòʳ˼̻ĸо
ʣһǵˡ
ֻǻ㱼䣬ȴƾе죬ּǲ
֪ƮѾ뿪ѩǺϣźǸٵŮҴոԼʱķŭɢѩȥٲš
Ǹ죬ԼҪѰٵǸˣֻϧһֱûҵû뵽ٴγ֣һֱȾĳ
ƺΪ׺¹ѩѩתǹ⣬ͬǿʱĳȣһʱú塣
ʱ䶼ƺֹ
Ȼת͵һѣȻ֣Լڵ·һ˸һ˵ϵ깲
ǺŮȻڵͬˮһ㣬ͬһ˸һˣĴѴ壬жԶתҴﵽһ־Ժгľ硣
⡭
һʱ۾漣
ڣ£δţҲֻһЩңһû뵽Լʵ֣һҹһ˶е֮У
˭
Ӻζ
ղŵģʲôΪԼ޵Ǻϣٽ󣿡
һ˲䣬ͷʣҪ֪𰸡
ףͻȻǺϵİŮҲԼĻԵ֮һ֮ǺΪͻľʹˮֻһ
УĥľķǺΪԼҪͻľ֮ʱǲҪһ㣿ɹĻǲǻһ㣿
ͻƳɹ󣬻õľǲҲǿһ㣬߳һ֣
֪𰸣ףȻԵԲܷŹŮһҪʶ
ҪڴǺ٣ǽӵжԼĪĺô
ĿǰȴҴ϶Է٣ֻ˳ı仯ģһظ
ѾˣȻûĿԼǰܲ統һͻȻʧԣֱһˣתǰȥݻλٸˡ
ڴʱ֮ڻعͷ·ӦĴڣͷһۡ
ɴ棬¶һ˫ˮķĿ峺ɣ䣬鵭ȻȻһɴȻʵȷϣһˡ
ңȵǣʶ죬¼ɽׯͻȻ֮һһңҶҵĴˣҶɡ
Ҷɣ˳ơŮֻ֪ӵ˫ѼȴţҲһ˸Īѵգƽʱڱǰʩչ
ҲΪλڵһۿıӰʱоϤˣԭԼһˣȻûй̸ȴϾ棬йʶĻᡣ
ŮҶɣһһˣ󶥼⼶֮һȴ£ƾᣬΪлμӽʿޣȴΨһһûгʿϵĽ궥֡
˵װߣҲ߲˳̶ȣ͸ıĻᶼܷŹֻ˵ˣһиȤ
ֻҹѡڴ˵ȸ߾֮أѩźһ֮įͿɼƽʱǴԸμӺᣬҲֻһɡ
ƽʱ˵һѰһźѰһأѰһ壬Ѱһ֣жԣͣ¶һˣįһˣһˡ
֮ˣ֮ԹֲǶڵ׷󣬶ڵϲҶɣԾ֮һżմȾҲֻǾһ֣˲ٴʧ
Լ뿪ǽϣһǵһ뿪ϵǾ˵ǰ֪طһֱˣԼֻײǲ䣬֮صһ͡
˵ԼԼĵŵ
˲䣬Ѿɢŭ𣬸ȥӰ٣һ˿ԾΡ


604 ʥ
Ҷ
΢Цӭȥ
ȻԼŵ˶ԷĺǸ⣬˽ʶ֮ģȻᵡֱҶɿڴк
ţ㣿
Σ·ڼˣҶ˫ü΢ڵ˵ͷȴû˵ʲôֱӱȥˡ
̤棬ɣ¹£·ӣԽȥԽԶһ̣Ҳɵóˡ
ֱԷӰŲһ̾Ϣ
ϧŮƺ䣬ϲ˽̸ʹѩ¼֮أԼԷˣԼкҲᣬһ˿Ĳ
ɸΪ棬ϣ˵֣ȴûһˣܸ֮ӡ
˰ΣŲҡͷϧûʵԷղŵʲôӣǲǻ
ź֪ԷʲôӣʲôʱԼܽʱ򣬱°빦ЧľҲа
ȻԷѾ뿪ҲˣֻźȥصѩԲƽ
˽һʱŻָ΢һ㣬һ¸ղҶĺ棬̾Ϣһ
Ҳ֪Ǹ̾Եʶûа취Էʧ˻Ե

ʱ䣬ÿ춼˼æ꣬һϣڵȴҶٴαٳ֣һ죬ȴûмӰ
Ϊٳʱҹѩʱٴ糱ˮһԽԽ죬ԽԽ߰ʹǳһȣֱĳȡ
״ˣҲҳɣ֪ʱޣͽ¹֮£ɿ죬дﵽһڵļ
Ŀǰֻһֻ̾Ƥë
̾Ҳʮ־
ʮ־Ȼʽˣʵ۾϶Ȳԭĳ̾ԣĿǰһֱڵһǻ
ûˮϵľҲͱͨƷķһ㣬ȴҲȥһڣǾȫͬˡ
ϣһڣûκΰƷķ֮ᲢۣܵһڣǾˣԶаƷķܷӳƷķ
ϧûˮϵľԭ޵ھͷǳѣҪ˵ڣǲܵ顣
û뵽Ҷİ£ȻнӴһڵĿܣǳϲ֮ջûľ£ֱǲ˼漣
ʱš
գۣǰʱ䡣
Ҷɴÿ죬һΣʱ죬ʱ죬֮ǰһһֱģδ֡
ڼ䣬ٴĴΣĴΣץʱ䣬֮󣬸Ͻ˹Ȼɿ죬ѾͻƵһڵļޡ
ڵȴҶɵĵγ֣֪һΣֻҪҶɵټûб仯ԼͻԭеĽûľ£ɵһڡ
¹ˮ
ܿ죬ҹ
紵˿˿ѩٴƮ䣬¹£Ծס
ȻһϮ£ٴƮԶԶ䵽룬ַ¹٣
Ͻ£Ŀ˹ķһȦһȦת쵽жεʱȻһڵˮϵȻǣ·ĳֽһ׳ࡣ
ƣ
ڣһ죬򴨹麣ˮϵƺһͻʲô谭漴֫ٺоԼڣԭеˮϵʲô仯ø󣬸鶯·ˡ
Ҳ˼ɡ
һڣ޳ɣһ̣ھϲĿ⣬罣һľ⣬һţڶѩʯϣĽۡ

վᣬٻһҶɣлİ
ȻܶԷΪ˰ԼԼܲлԷϼɲ飬Ҳտڣõ¡
ϾȻǸһԲ֮ҹٰԼһΡ
һΣʱҲˣŻŸոͻƣץᣬлûлʽʶ
ǴΣ˲Ƽˮ꣬ǲμӵûʲô飬æύһȻ״
Ҷ
һ£ٴƮǺ棬ǹ粻ֱҶɡ
㻹ûߣ
ڣһҶû뿪٣վˮ棬ȴȥһλƮƮӣƮ
ʵ֪֪ԼԱ͵ȴһֱƣҲ֪ԷȻҲᣬĵ
һûд㺮ֱӿʵҶһֱģǺεȹ쳣·ǳϲ
ţ㶮
ˮĿתһȦҶԿԲԣջǵ˵ͷڵΪ¥ѧʥһף¥һټ
¥ѧʥ
һ£û뵽⾹Ȼ¥֮һ¥ľѧ;նɴ󱯵ѧ
ҶҶҵӣҶǽһңҶڵ֮һϣо裬ϣȴ¥ųƽһһ㣬ҶҲ硣
ȴû뵽Ҷɣ¥ʥڴѩź֮ϣֻǳѧȻ˹֮˵֮ϡ
һλţϧûõϣδĽ󶥼֮£ʢһҲδ֪


605 ľ
ɽ֮ʱŹʥʱûôע⣬Ϊʱ¥ӣӡࡣ
ȻټҲףǵʱԹˣ͡ĿӡǺӽսʧ֮ɱȴϡ
ҶֻκɱʽȻͬȻҲ֮
Ҳ׵֮ǰΪθоԷʥ֮ʱԼͨٶȡ
ʥһһ֮Уг֣ʹǶӳ֮Ҳ˶Ī
ԣӵлٽЧΪ档
ǲ֪ʥǰǷԨԴҶɲ¥ӣӴʥҲֻǳѧöʣҲʲ
¥ġӡһ˵֪һЩء
ЩȴǺˣ֮Ǹľ뿪ǺǰϾ£μӽҪʼϾʿޡ
֪ʱѵãΣȻЩ˼̲סڵҶһ֮飬ٹ£Բ֮ҹҵõһöˮӵһθľĻᣬڴǺϣһˮ֮ľҪİæ֪ɷʩԮ֣ڵҹڴ˺֮ϣһʥĳʤм
ţ
Ҷ΢һĿתһȦ૵ˮϵľʥǺŶˡ
ˮĿһܣĿ΢תڿڵԣҲһܰ쵽Բ֮ҹұΪһʥ
ʲô󣿡
Щ⣬Լ˰£ȻþܾԴһ˿棬ѯʵ
Ҷأ˵̽һ£Ǻףܣ

ӦΪ֪ǺƵأȻˮҲ̺ĪգȻԭЩǰѰǿߣᶼڴ˵أǱȥ
ȻҶɿڣԼգǴӦҪԼˮϵľ֮ʵºһ̽أҶһ룬֪ǿھðգҲʵʣüջǴӦˡ
ǣ˸Է룬صԼס
ӣҶǴԼһΣǺϣʥҲŹȻᣬȻͻƵһ֮󣬺ͽչнɲи
һʮҵʱһζգֵۣ֮ڡ
Ȼ棬ǳֵĹԣںϿգͬӣأǺڣһƬɣʤա
˸ǳԾͬһֻһֻ۾
ҹɫµǺҲۣ̬һ˵ĸоܾýҹررףر
ȻһһףӰӸ֮أǺ֮Уں
Ӱ磬һ㱡ɴ֮У䣬ȴ£ǱˣǽһңҶҵĲˣŮҶɡ
ӰɢأһηߣվڰŮ
ʼɣ
֪ʱӰݾֱܾӿڵͷ漴Ӧ»й٣ϥ֮ϣ£ʼġʥ

һһȻǺĺˮҲ֮ͬҶۣƮ֮ϣ沨ȴ³
״֪ʱ٣ǺòҶɻһλᣬܾǲڽҹ࣬ԼϴһѪ׼ڴҲԸ
ˣҲٵ׼ãľ޲ѴﵽԲȱľأֻȸˮϵ֮ľӶһ˿ˮϵľʵ
ͬϥݹ׾Բ絶䣬һ֣ӻУͳԲ
ԲһӤȭͷСͨ徧Ө͸ʰɫ˿˿ˮڲתɢ˿˿ض¡
ʣˮ࣬Ҳʣһθ֮ãʮɹӾĸرˮ򣬻ӵһθĻᡣ
һߣ⣬洦ˮ֮ϡ
һöˮ·Сȴͨ͸ɫİɫˮֻǵ۾֮ʱԼɼһǰȻ·ģȴӵصĹܡ
öˮ򣬲ˮ򣬾Ȼԣ·ܣռ䶼۵ģļ·ȴָһա
򣬴˵֮Уǧ֮ǰһڼžرѧͼžĪϵҲǴ˵Уܰ˸ľ֮
ˣҪǺ֮ҪҶɵʥõƶԼ׼һȻھĸرˮ
һû֪һرգڼžеõȴ˰һͼžûлʹõģžر


606 ϣ
Ȼ֪ǣ漰žڸ֮գһǣϣѰѡ
ʹùһʹþӡԣܽѣǽ⿪žڸ֮գŵԣʹһκΣҲûʲôͬ
ˣһξʲôҲôˡ
⣬Ҳӵһöˮ򣬾вСֻҪѰټͻˮϵľԭ֮һ
ûɲ˴⣬㣬Ͱöֻһλˮõ
ڣѰҶɵġʥټǺȻƣǸľļõشһΣаٷ֮ʮϵİգԸһ˿ˮϵľ
ֻǣˮϵľǿӣȴʱö֪

Ҷɵʥϥ۾˫ָץһԲ֮С
㱼䣬ľ飬һ䣬ͬ󺣣󳱣һһżָ߷壬һԾɽＫޣٺȻ䣬齦
һڣ簲ΪȵĶƺȵľһ̣ģҲ֮Ȼ
תԶתٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ⱼȴʮƽȣһ˿߻ħ֮ࡣ
֣ץˮͬʱٲԥ֪ʱ٣ֱӡ⿪ˮһεʹûᡣ
䣡
ɢݣɫˮУЩʣˮϵһһûĪǰγһֲĻ
žľУͬȻƿһߣһˣԶĺڰʱտʼԶ˲ѵǰһĳֱ˫УȻһ֮Īĸп
ĳǧתһʱ䣬Уȴȫˮأˮ̬
ϽӣϱУһ˿һ˿ֱΪˮϸ߿ա
߿ˮۣţۻ׹䣬Ϊưô꣬䵽֮ΪɢΪѩ
Һ̬̬̬һ֮׶ʱڡ
ڴʱףˮһЩѰ⡣
⻹ǽ
֪ˮֻԼˮ֮һЩˮҲ޵ķŴˮϵľԼڵԻֱӳֳˮϵԼ⡣
Щ⣬ǷǳģƬģǶݵġ
Һãһ󷨱
ˮ򣬹Ȼܰ˸ˮϵľʵԲߣɹҲܵͣԸߵˣһʣɹһξʹˮϵľ
ԣȻҲ㲻㲻ϳ׿ˣһδˮУ͸һ˿ˮϵľ̸
ʱУһҲûȵˮݻ̽һҲɢڰ׷һѪ͹
һоֲһˡ
ȻûãˮûˮϵѾѸٱ䵭ȻһӰ񣬵ȴȫ޷γɾĸܣγɸߵȼľ
ڴʱһֻյ͸ɫ
ˮˮȴɢաһѣΪһ飬䵽£Դʧ䣬޸ܵĻᡣ
һöرʹ˻ȥ
ȴͬţҲûʹĸоΪϽ֮󣬸ղľеЩ񣬱ģҪʧʱȻֱҸӸӣӴ
͸ɫϣͬӳǧ̬ˮ̬вϱ仯ʾ
ʺϵǸžڵķô׸һ˿ͼžľβͬˮϵûжϵûˮϵľġ
ˮһоͶһ
ˮͬԿףͬţԿײϣڰˮеˮϵ񣬹̵Узӣ˱ˮҪǿϰٱӰٱˮϵ̬
УȻ޶ĸĴ֣ˮԻ¡
¡һһ׽˹
£˼£ָС
£Ҳ˵ˮеԡ
ΪˮУղصʣõ󣬽Թˮ
ڣӰתˮɫֺ֣ɫɫЩˮڱ䣬һ룬޵Ԩ¶֮飻Щˮȴ峹͸һۿϲãˣжĪ
ˮ֮ԴһˮҲ֮ףؼ
ʱ仺ȥͷƣǺϣһ˿˿ˮϵиӦͬʱУγһöɫ
У۾ϳҶɵңβоХ֮ʱͷһ
ҲһȻһһ˿ĸд߲˵򡭡


607 £
Ȼ׹ܾǱεĺˮ¶˲û
۾
۾ͷƽͷȴǰӿɼһӿĴ󳱣䣬ǧ׻飬󣬽ŭϡ
Ȼ֮һ˹
УȻĸп´£ˣ䣬ǺϺϣҲǴһѡ
䣡
ת˲䣬ڵУȻһǣȻһʰ͸ɫĵѸתˮһε
ԭ̳ϾƲֵ͸峹ˣ㵽һߡ
תڵľʹȴܲˣΪеһֳ졣
˵ǰȻҲλеƷȴȴǻ۾˲һ鶯ĸоӿȣ޾
Ȼվһ֣ܵˮϵ۳ɵɫʱѣըɢˮ飬һööֵͬȻƷ˲䶴ΧɽʯѩԲס
ҶһϣҪվ𣬼״˫ü΢ٽ֣һԳˮȫ·ɻأڰб»ΪһЩˮƮɢУΪһ塣
㡭
Ҫ˵ʲôһУ˵ƶٱ䣬˱ÿ飬Ʈ翣Уȴ۳һˮâתŵµǺһ
ৣ
ǺͬȻѿһ죬ˮԶ߷ֿ¶ĵĺף棬ȻƺŲһĹâ
⣿
ҶɵĻҭڿУͷ˼ؿǵѷ죬ϧˮƺܿӣٴΰѷ첹ϣеˮҲ֮ʧΪһˮ档
ɹˣ
գҶɻǵ˵ͷϲ
лҶ
û˵ֻҶɱȭ΢Цһ
Ҷʴӱе˼̾ϢһȻɹˡ
ȻǽһҵĵӣҲ֪ľжôһĿǰ֪ľģֻʤѩһˣڣֶһ
ҲһĨĽΪףľûľ֮ǰһ˵Ϊжٲͬ
˵һˣһûдƷ־磬ľҲûãȻǿ󣬵ǲɻȱ
һӵľͿƷţͻƷʱҲһ壬ԣܴƷţ־ͻƷ˵ľȴǱزٵһż
ڣھ̤ż
Ȼտʼ򣬾粻ܸܺߣǣֻҪţʱջۣܲտô
Ȼϲȴ˵ľ򣬺ͺ׷ַʽ֣ӦǺ׷ɣľȻҲһãȴԶȲȻγɵľ
˵ͷҲһ˿ź
Ҷ˵ľ˾ĳ֮󣬻ͷ䣬ضʧγɵĶľ֮
ľһ˸ոܴ䣬󳹴򣬶ɷ𣻻ңľľǿҵϵĹǼֱĪ⣬ӵŲ˼
Ҳ˵ľľйҪԵɺϣѰҵ֮ϵĹѶȼ
һҵܷӳŹٷ֮٣ٷ֮ٵ
ľйҪĳľŽǿиݵһЩƤëҲԶľþǿ󣬶ҷӲŹʵҲͰٷ֮ʮʮ
ˡ
й֪ҪӵˮϵľӶˮټǺɹȻҲаȴʧ֮⣬䣬Ǳ򣬺ҲǺǿ
ҲףľԼܵõʹֶΣǿһ˿֮ϵľǼѣҲͲ̫ܿˡ
֪Լ˿̣ѾţǣֻҪ޿ȥܿͻƵһڣٵ۷塣
һֱھŲԲʸĵڶ
ȻҪõڶŲУһѾ칦Ͳܻڶţûôõãֻܵȴ´εĻˡ
ҲĿǰŵһڣŲԲţȻһʱ
ʹֻһѾСκľаգսʤѨ۷壬һİ벽һս
ҪǣƷǽ뷨ԿףûеƷڵ죬ûһʤ㣻˵ƷȻǻԵãһ˿΢Ļᡣ
ˣ˵
ҡҡͷֹס⣬ڵ֮ûҶ֮ǰĳԼĳϢգ֮ͬһʱ̣ڴ˴㣬һͬ̽Ǻ֮أ
Ҳá
ҶɶؿۣĿһӶһչΣ٣ȥˣֺһһʧӰ١
Ҳصѩϸϸظ򵽵⡰䡱ľ
ûģˮϵľˮδ롱Ǹһľ䡱
һУȫԵɺϣõʹˮҶɣ԰ŵһʥ
Ǻˮڻ֮£һ˿䡱٣֪޳һ󳱣䡣
ֻ֮Ƿܽߵľأܴ
ʱһһȥܿ죬һҹʱȥʵ֣֮˳ľ֮һתԼر仯
ĵһһˣ糱ˮһ˸߹һˣҲͬն
ĿǰΪֹҲ˵һ֮󣬻һȥĵߡ
ʱ˶ԵУ߶һƾͬˮ಻һ˸߹һˣϳǿĵˣҲܱ塣
ʵȴǲ뵱ûľ֮ʱͬնˡ
һգۣʱȥҲ׹⡰䡱ľһҹ׼ʱ䣬ǺϣȴҪֶҶɵĳŵһ𣬲̽һǺİأ
̽Ʊһ̽Ȼ֪Σգ岻ݴǡ
ͷ¶ȻǰԲʮࡣ
ûеȶãҶһϮ£ƮƮɣԶûй٣ȴһܾӨ̵Ķ̵ѡ


608 Ϲŵһ
ˡ
¶һ˿΢Ц
Ƭ̣ҶѾɽߣһۣ˵׼ʱûˡ
Ǻǡ
ЦЦĿֱ֮תһۣȴɫĶ̵ѣͬһشɣͨ徧Ө͸滹żƬҶ
棬ƺˮˮУԼּβɫӰڻζ
ѣ
ɫԴһ˿죬漴㷴Ӧ֪ΣգҶҲдԷ˸ϰõĹ٣ʰԼϤĶ̵ѡ
ԴʮӣӦǰ֪Щʲô
ǣǺҲѰ֮ˣһãΪ˽Ϊ˵ش˵ٵģҲûǺбأҶƾʲôȷţƶǺأ
ӦҶɵģȻ֪ΣգҲò
ǲ֪ҶɵϢʲôǺףرǴΪ˲һԻԵ
ҡҡͷЩҶϸѾ˵ˡȻԸ˵ǿҲá˾ϢһѾ׼ֱӿڵҶɣ
ߣ
ҶҲûж໰ֱһͳǺȥв֪ʱһö۴Сıӡ
ö۰СıӣѵĲЩƣӨӨɢһŵΣˮǰȻԶ߷ֿ¶һпյش
ˮ顣
Щ⣬û뵽Ҷɻ׼˴˵챦ڽǺף׼
ϧûЯ˵챦ΪֻΪľɴûҪǱǺһ̽أֻһǿˮ֣Ҳ֮ǱС
һ·£˶Ϊ֮ʹ߻谵߶ĿʮɷԲܿ
ȴˮûκ㣬ƺԴڣݺ壬׺ףƮƮҡҡͬʴסǰߣĿǰ
ѩ嶥ѩ죬쳣
ǺףȻˮ糣ů⣬ֻԽǱˮѹԽ󣬶ףҶбˮ飬ǲЩѹʹˡ
ΪҲѨʿһߴƷָոľʵǣȫ߶ֵˮѹ£ǻֵܼסҶɣС
һɡɡɡ
ҶɵǱˮҵʱܵˮѹѾһֲĳ̶ȣҶеıˮ飬â̹࣬ſķΧҲ֮СĿǰѾһˣҲûжռ䡣
ۿٹһʱ䣬־Ҫ֮飬ҶҲҪ¶ںˮˮѹǰ
ûбˮ飬еѹ޴߶ޣоһ֨֨죬ҪѣëУЩѪЩܲס
١
ѾԼˣ˵زܲڰ;ϡ
Ҷɵҡ㣬źǱȥ״Ҳҵ֮һǰ߶ȼѹʱһᣬ漴Ҳһββȥ
ʲô
Ȼɫһ䣬ڿ׵ʱ򣬲ŷֺӰӰӰζҡͷڱۣܵ˵ȻһȻɫ˿˵ͷ˹
һУסӣȻǷǿߣֻҲڷ
ҶȻ˿סҶɻӶеı̵ӣһƬ⣬˲Щɫ˿̡һ죬״һɿĴ̱ǽζЩɫ˿ðһ̣ʱʹ˻ȥ
γ޹Ľһӣʱһɳնʮ˿ӷ϶˹ȥ
ʱϸһƣŷЩɫ˿ȻһֵĶﴥ룬滹һСС̣Բͣʹȥ಻䶯һУҪ˻裬Ŀ֮
ǰצħ㣬ߣ
Ҷɼ˵Ҳû뵽˺׻ǱֲĹ
ѹЩ֮ǰǰ˴Ѱ̽ǿߣһڷףΣմֻһְɡ
ģܶߣȻֻצħȴ׷ᣬ³һڵīڵ˵ߡ
ī̵ĻУֻͷһͷĿѣī̾Ȼж
״֪߲ˣʱһԺ֮Уľ˲˿ѣȥȻһе޹Ľź׷ž޴ӰһĽ
ͣ
·Ծ޹ĽΪһźâ˲ֻצħ֮ӹ
һƺߣԭ˲Ⱦһẓ́һ󲨷Ծ׵ɳȼæܹ˰Σŷֺ׽ָƽԭѾѻһֻ޴ĺɫӰ뱻һնʮƯںˮ֮УϢζ
ߡ
ҶɶЩüϽܿ⴦棬Զȥ
ǺƲֻԲǺȴþˣֻϰ﷽ԲĿǰ֮СһǶѣҳǺܣԶ
˶׷ˣȻѾ¶Ҫһ̽棬Ȼա
ס
˽һʱֽ˼ֻ۵󣬽һƬʯش


609 Ϲŵ
Ƭʯشԣ޴ʯ飬ֵĻơ
ʯ룬Լһ̳״ɫУȻҶˣȴɶȻͷһݣ˼ȵĺ⡣
Ϊʯشܱߣ˼߸ʬǣЩʬѪ⣬ѱˮֻʣһЩӲĹɳͺΧ¶һģ
˵أף
ҡҡͷʾòҪ˵ء
ʣҲ֪Щˣ϶Ѱˣʯشô˵ؾԾǺĲر֮أԲŴȥûһġ
Ҷԣ˵ͷյ߰ɣȥطתһȦûзٻ
ЩģûпҲܸоƬʯشĲͬѰҲûмһҪڴȥȻ˾Ի޴Σա
ߡ
ƹʯشǰ˶ãǰֳһƬ⣬һȻһ±ǰ±֮ϣһƬ֮ϣɫͨĹӣͬպĵһ㣬⡣
ѪƷҩ
Ҷ˶۾һȻѪ䶥ҩֵҲ
Ҫǣ˵ţǰûз֣ѪûˣȻ˴˵ء
˵ҩȻڴ˵ر˾Ҫǰժ
׻ǼһСģһҶɣǰȴһƾƬΧȥ
ȻƾȻ졣
ˮһٷ֣һȻһܣſھͳҧȻһɫΧûʲôֻϲīɫƵߡ

״˶ʱһЦһ̽׵ͼ߶ѣҲ൱ѨڣҶѨڣѨ۷֣ҲͲˡ
ҶһӣеĴѣʱɳһ̹⣬һš
һ̣˷ɹĺߣʱһȻһѪɢмһѪ
ֱճףŤŤûˡ
״֪ΣȥһЦٲԥǰһ˲ժţһţøҶɣϾ̽˺ջһҲӦõġ
ҶȴЩⲻȥҪ£ǿ£ֻԼȻз֣ջĻһݡ
״ȻҲŤҪ뿪Ƭشǰȥ
һ·ǺܱߣȻҲ˼ĵطգαȫûзֵڶĵطûʲôʺϲر֮أգΣֻûصƬʯش
ͱһǺףбأͲƬʯشˡ
ֻȻҲз֣ȥҲصڵأԲŷ׷ڴ
ҶɣԴ˵Ҳһ֪ԣصʯشҴֻ¶ҲҪڴԳΧһʱϸ˼Բߣṵ̂ð
ǧǺѰģֺǶı֮ˣȻҪô߱飬ҪôڷƬʯشһĪա
ƫƫףпܣӵΪۼģƬһʯش˵ȻγɣҲûš
Ǿ֪ƬطѰҲžҲ̸ܲһֱΧţȴԼ򿪴ųɡ
ԡ
Ȼ뵽ʲôʳжָ˫Ŀ֮ǰƽƽһĨǰһâ˲ƽƽǰʯС
ţ
Ҷɼ״һ˫Ŀ̹⣬ȴ뵽ʲôһֱˣض
ǣ
Ҷɻڴӣȴ֪ħ֮ͫٴۣǰʯشʱѾȻͬ
˿鳤ʯһɢϹ⣬Ϲ⽻һγһŴʯشȫΧУֻϹʮ֣Ǵһռ䣬޷
˿Ƴ󲿷۷ħͫҲ޷㡣
ңϹ֮⣬֣ȻҶϣƬط򵥡
ʯشΧʯ֮⣬ЩʯͷƶڷŶ£ʵֻǱġ
ʵϣЩʯͷÿһ鶼ͬѰӵŲͬãɢͬĹ⻪ڵĴһγһֲɱ
κȥᱻӰ죬ӶͷԾʹ۲Ϣֹͣأܵħͷĵվͻ
󣬲Сʯ󡱣һϹžʧСԻ󡱣Ƕ֮ˣ־֮ˣ򣬽еˣԴлų
⣬ΪȻ֮ȴħͫķ֣ǧ£ԻǾþǺ׵İˢЩʯڵλƶ˼֣ԻУͶһ
ǸСʱʱ֣ץסʱǻ˲УҪôǿӳңҪôڷΪһݹǡ
ֻǼȻҷҶˣôܴŹģʹȥ
Ƚȥԡ
ڵԼħͫһģϾʱհԻڣԿɽˣҪǣ죬㲻УҲһգлų㣬Ҷɾˡ
ҲãҪСġ
״֪ԼԻ죬ҶҲԵ˵ͷͬ飬ֻȴԺһݵġ
УǾ˳ûѰҪһᣬ˿ɾûˡ
գȻðգ


610 Ϲŵ
ԣҲ˵ͷ
ҲûôɵΪһ翵ıԼ
˵Ŀǰ֪ص٣֪мֵǵıҲԼȥġ
Ͼڣһоͻл᣻ûˣǿıҲǿ̸ȥ
˴Ѱ֮ñҶɵ飬ȻԸԼСΣգעǲ΢΢һů
ȻƼˮ꣬ĹϵӦԼһʥԼľԼһ̽Ǻ֮أԭΡ
ⷬΪðգһʯҲֵˡ
ңû⣬һʱ֮ڣұس
һҶɣʾ˵һߣԼҪȥˣͬʱ˵
Ҷɵ˵ͷĿһѾΪһ⣬ʯ룬ʧ
״Ҷɶʱһ׸ղ˵Ƿ
˳һʱ֮ڳ˳أ
ҶɲȥæҡҡͷԺе۾һգգǸԻķڴٿӰ

˲䣬ħͫѾޣǰ̹ŨͬʵʣƬʯش˲òͬ
ɫ⻪ڿнɴɫΪʢڱһؽ磬ûһ©֮
ǣȴԼһ׵㣬һţ˲ǧ֮һ˲䡣
ǧ֮һ˲䣬ץסӰޣһɲǼ˸ѥļٶȣӰһӳǴ׵֮أʧʯشв
ʯش֮پһɹصĳԼԺһʹĸоԳܣǰҲػ֪ǰԻѾõԵʡ
ϧΨһڣ˴ЧѾ˷Զ˵ǿȻʹ࣬ǿܳܡ
֪ʱҴץʱ䵽ǴĴĻɫ̳ȴԼģҲֻѪɢһ·ߡ
ˣǿ̲ʣݣʯشĴǴɫ̳ȥ
ʱŷ֣濴棬ȴƲӰ죬ǰɫ̳һ
ⰵɫ̳濴濴ʵСķ״ĽǸһֻģޣȸ꣬ɫͬкгаףԵʮֹ졣
ĿҲ϶ǿ⴦ڵģ봦һ鰵ɫСɫʯ
ʯ֮ϣһֵâͼ
һڣֻǣôأ
ܵԺԽԽҵʹȻһʱûҵ뱦֮ķǿΣ˸֮󣬾˰ɫ̳֮ϡ
һ·Ҳôһ˳ǰʱһУһˮһӡ
ǿ֣ҪôܹҪôɢ˳ִ̳֮
ֻ֮ϣһССѪۣûעⱻһСˮлƵģһסѨû󰭡
ɫ̳֮ϣپһᣬʱ˴˵أǰԻ󷨣Ӱ첻ˣͷеľʹҲָ
ƺģҲνĿţֲ֮˵Ź
΢΢һЦԼûв´ǱصڣҲţֻҪܵлᣬ̤뱦صĴš
Ҳ˵ΣյģֻƬʯشܳܰȫִ˵أ㹻ʱ䣬оôͻƼִ̳ıڡ
ϸĸͼ֣ʹ˵еϹʥЩϵģ׻Ϸȸ䣬û´ԾϹʥɡ
ֻǣССɫʯʲô
ʱ仹磬Ҳżϸǿ鰵ɫʯ飬͸⻬۵ģǱϵâͼŲһĹʡ
ţ
Ȼһһֻȥ
¡¡죬ͬ䣬һɫ˲ɫʯ֮С
䣡
ɫʯһһââ󼯽âǵش˲䣬һǽٽţǵڶĸ
һֱƲգϣâʱɫʯָֻԭ
ɫʧӰ٣ͬţ뺣ް
жͺá
ͷһϲȻûԸڣı仯²⣬ҪõǸâͼʹ߸Ƕͬʱܴ򿪱ڡ
ֻ˼Σʲôĵ߶ֻǰ룬Ǻһǣ㲻ɫ̳ҲǺ޷죬ƾȥԣûвֱ仯
²⣬Ǻ޹ƷйأƷԽߣâǽԽ࣬ƷԽͣǽԽ٣ٵĵ޹ϵȻղ룬Ҳޱ仯һ̶ֱһ״
ۿһʱΣֻðճȻҶɽ˹ͬȥʯӡ
Ҷɽ֮󣬿ֻޣٿɫʯ۾һĲ²֮ҲȲȥԣ磬ֻĸ㲻Ҫ˵߸ȫ
濿ֻҪƷϽϵĹпܣ⣬ôܣ
½ƷϽϵĹܹûмȫЩ֮У˵ǲóܣһʱҲᡣ
ֻΪһĵһͷѾѪһľСֻǵƷ½׶ѣͿɼһߣƷϽ׹жôס


611 Ϲŵģ
޵磬ĿǰܴﵽƷϽ׵Ĺ֪Ҳͳڵڹ쾭Լµڹ䡱ѡ
Ī˵ʱڣµĵӲܳǺϣܣҶɣҲѺúõһλᣬøȫİˡ
ֻ취ˡ
֪õעʯȫâ󣬲̫ܣҶüͷ˫壬ڼ̳ϸⲽѰƽ֮
ˡ
Ȼ۾һ뵽һ취
ȻУעһ˿Կܲܵâ󡣡
뵽ϥ£ɫʯǰ۾Ȼĳ죬˫̧磬ʳжָȫ׼Լ̫ѨĬ˿ھ
Ƭ֮һ˿˿һƵľʶ˫ֶָ֮ϣȻԽԽӨ͸ɫ̽
оʱˣʱŭ˫Ŀһȣȥ
˫ǰһָʵʻľ˲罣ͬʱ뵽ǰɫʯ֮С
һ̣ҶĿɿڴ־ϲĿע£ɫʯۿɼٶȻǸ봦â߸һһεգۣ߸ѾȫųĿɫâ

һ̣̳ҶϷĺˮ֮ҷɫʯݣȻԭ֮Ϣ¶һڰͨ
ˣ
Ȼĳɹˣ
ҶɶһۣӴϲû뵽ǿʯиӦȴ޷򿪵Ķþȴһ˲ɹֳڡ
Ҳףⷬ˵ײʵҲǿԵʡ
һˣ϶û򵥣Ҷ룬ܻľȾһ˿ӡϢⷬЧеġ
ͨǴϲǲҴ⣬˭֪ǸԻͨУǲǻʲôΣգ
һֱۣһֻѽȥȷûʲô쳣״һǰһ󣬷׷С
뿪֮ԭļ̳̮Ȼ󳹵ίΪࡣ
ȥԲ֮ڣԭʮ۵ƬʯشԼشƼ̳ȫʧҲˡ
ǺףһƬЩ΢ĵصҲʲô쳣ˡ
Ҷɽ밵ͨȴ֪ЩԽԽ
ţȻһȴҶȡˮ飬Ȩҹ
ˮ飬ɲһ챦ˮбˮ˺Ϣңںڰ֮ҲΪ֮ãϾâʹĵصף಻ɢ
ֻǹâڰ֮ͨУԵЩ̵̲ģʮˣһƬڣ̹ȻЩɭܺùʲôûС
ԽߣͨԽǿΧ޵ĵȫһЩϹޣ̬¶ԵðȻͬѰ
ҶСһ·ϣҲûʲôΣգ˽ʱŵյ㣬һЩʯǰ
⴦ʯţͨīɫ滹ҶһĻƣСҩ񸮡ĸ֣ڣҳȻܾûˡ
ҩ񸮣
ҶɶЩ죬˶뵽Ǻףбأմ˵һǱѰһϵһҲ֡
ǣ֣ЩʧǣôҲû뵽񸮣ս񸮣Ȼһҩ񸮡
ҩǸɶϵ
棬ǧǰĳҩǰľǧʱ⣬ֲֻʲôҩƵʲôҩҲȫΪ࣬ʧˡ
һ񸮣Ȼж棬Ҳ࣬Ҷ룬ûʲôá
Щ
òҵһأȴǸûжٹϵҩҲһ飬ǧٿ࣬ðΣգԵɺ֮²ŵȥһڹⲻȥ
ȻҩҲܱûǿȥ浽λҩǰĶ߿滹ûʲôĶ棬Ųһˡ
߰ɣ
һʯŶʱ֨ѽʹ򿪣Ȼûʲô档
һҳ˳ſʱҺзһ䣬ҳ㱼Ҹɢûϡ
ȥɣ
һſνҩţСľݣʹǧʱȥСľݾȻãûг׸࣬档
ϸһ˲ŷ֣Сľ֮ϣһ㱡Ĺֱǣܿͳʴʱֹͬͣһ㣬ѹܱڡ
϶λҩǰľӴˡ
ҶɶһۣȻ֮ǰһҩżʱЩźϾһλǰĵʱ浽ǰǲһЩڴͼ
ҶǼ䣬ұǼ䡣
ԼмСݼϣڸݷʲôȫƾԵһЦĬ
ŲұǼСݣҲû赲ǣȻǲǱľݲܳʱֻ˵Ľ룬ȴĬġ
ͷһ棬࣬һ֮ǰ˾סӣһҲǧµӣһһһΣҲͿ
ҩ˼ҵԷ˿ҶȥģӦ鷿Ҫҩ϶мǼˡ
۾΢в²⡣


612 ν
Ŀ⻷ܣѰſܴڵı
˵أѵãȻ˴ƼªϾһλҩǰסĶԷУһҲҲ
ʵҲ֤Ĳ²ûд

ܣңǼΪªıڣȻһ֮Сľ֮ϣڷżֻ֮ͭ⣬Ȼ
Ҳǣ֮ˣǷʳϢʱȻԷʵʱֻãá
֮ԷҪңҲǷҪһѣԱʱ֮衣
Ͼ˯ߣȻ޵֮Ѿ٣ܲ⣬ǣǱϾҲǴӷ˽ȻΪ٣յϰȴĨȥ
ҲǡˣңǺܶˣϰ߷һЩƷĵطȻ˴Ҳʲô֮
ȻĿɨ䣬۾εοѰ֮£ֿħͫ˲˷֡
һʷڿǼӵ񻨳¾ľ֮ϣһɫľԼĳƼӣͨ޹⣬ûлƣЩͬѰ
ͷ
ҡͷȻĿ޷͸ľ棬뵽棬ĸܺεţǿĵġ
ľȻҲطȴԵЩˡ
Ͼľ齣ΨһĴǸͷڴͷУΨһЩƷ
˵УбһǸľ֮С
Ȼ˹ȥһ֣Ǹɫľַ˲¶Цݡ
ж
û⣬˺һľ·ŻϣȻʮಽ룬һУһʱ˦
ž
һ졣
ľӦѿʱ⣬һһϣҫ˵ĿõһɲǣɻӱۣסǰĿ⡣
Ƭ̣Ÿо߻ָ
±ۣûʲô֪Լ龪һ»ź棬˹ȥ
ľ֮Уطһһ
ɫͨ͸ڷ裬β˴գС֡
ɡ

ֻһۣҿ϶һеϡ䣬ضоƷϧɣȴЩ˷ˡ
һǰһ̶ָеޡ
һѶ̽
ɫĶܹ̽Լ߶೤㳤ͬˮʯ棬βһԲιҼͬһֻӣͬɫΪֻǸһЩҾӨ͸üƷĺƳɣۼ
ѽֻһۣ˲ɳȥͬһξо˼顣
·ֻӦУ˼䲻Ӧš
ϸȥڽڲ̵ͬϸС֣ȴǡ֡֡
ν
ǵۣ֣˵һС
УһһԶ󲿷ƷƷҪˣֱ׷һȥضֲѪᣬڣȴ䵽
Ϲҩ񶴸ȻͬΣʹΪǰصŽȻӲͬΣԶڣЩͨɱȡ
ҡҡͷҲɿЦ
˵ǻۣ˲²ⲻ͸
һңȷ޿ûκ֮
ղŵһۿŴҲüͨһͨľƷ΢һЩĴ˼ң˯Ķľ
ǣһľϣһϸпİһֻͨľԹȥɫľȴǼϡ
һ֣ԥһһٴηɫľУȻֱͷװԼĴ䣬һǸ֮⣬ſռ˵Ұݣٲ쿴˰ΣȷκƷ֮˳ȥ
֮ǸΣΪϾַ֮˯Ҫͷ£ȻǼΪİ֮ʹȥҲԸ
ϧȴȥڹˣȻЩЩǸΡ
һ潲ϡиܽ䷢֣óȥ»ӷǵĹʣԣȴѵõĻ
£Զֻۣ˭Զѡ
Щ£ʹˣһҲǶԵģЩ£ΪԼˣһЩУȴʮĻ£֮ǡ
ҮҮᣬ˭˵壿

̤ҩǼ֮ãȻϣ󷿣Ϊ˵ԭ˵ҩڵأҲһУĵط
ãտģ޶ֻ룬һ޴ĹŶͨڣԶһȥΡأһɽ
춦
Ʒ¯
һ̣ͫ˸⼸īС֣˲䲻һһϡ֮
ֻϧһֻ¯ʺΪҲֻж֮ˣ޼֮
֨ѽһһߵķ䣬Ҳ֮󿪣һɫӰ΢Ц˳
ȻɣȺǱˣǸղֱ𣬸ԽһӵġŮҶɡ
ֿտգƺûõʲôӣֻȴš
ٿβסЦݣ֪ȻҲջܲԼ֮¡
ֻǣȴû浽׵õʲôҶҲûѯĬö٣ùüȫƾԼԵʣ֮䣬ѵΡ
ֻм䣬ҲҪһҩҪͬ򣬹ͬĵط


613 Ʒ
֪ԷǸո߳Ҳһԣ˼ۣ볯м޴Ρ¯˹ȥ
춦
Ҷɳŵ˵Ŷ˵´¯֮һֻȴ䲻ǧǰʧˣԭ䵽˴˵С
Ŷ֪ߣȴǺ
Դһ˿棬ѯʵ
֮˽û治࣬϶ûмѧԨԴҶòѧϹȷ֪ࡣ
ߣһΪɽӶ˵ϣɽ֮ʱԹͨɽǵΪãмǿļӳá
һߣΪǳ컯ԿǳϹŰʥ֮ͼ֮ʱҹǳ֮ڶУƳĵҩƷ鵤ļ߲١
ҶɿһۣҲûֱ˵ЩϹţȴ䡣
Ŷ߲춦أʲôã
۾һ΢΢һЦȴԸгԾû뵽һҲ˶챦ֻɽӶǳ컯֣֪ǲܹͨɽԼǳ֮Ծ
Ϲ˼ƷӵŲ˼ܣ˿֮ǰԼõöǱν϶Ҳв˼ˡ
ˣǰʮ־޴ΡأΪĲ춦Ҳһ˿档
춦
ҶԴһ˿׷䣬ջ˵˶ĩȴҲСݴУΪصһߡ
ϣһ鼫Ϊ޴̺֮ʱϵᷢãӶƳĵҩƷԶѰмСĸʣƳһ˿鵤
ԭˣ
뵽ˣǲɫ΢΢һ뵽ԼеǴصأԷ
Էһʯ̾ͣɵȡ°빦Ч
߲춦ǲҲֻ֮˵ҲЧ
Ͼһߵ¯Է֮أҲ֪ԼĲ²Ƿȷ
ټϣ˴˿̣δͷﵽһ£߲춦ҩеΪ֮ҲǿΪУȻԿڡ
ټϣֲĲ²Ϊ٣߲춦ûЧǾЦ󷽣Ѿ޴ۻһ߲õĵֲǰ׷ѹЦ
ҡҡͷʱڵˣԣǶϸҩУӦֹֻһƷңЩʲôʱ벩춦һ䷽١
Ҳá
ҶɵͷҲͬ飬ת
Ƭ֮˹ͬҩǣһССҩҲҩУ춦⣬Ψһ֮
Ͼʲôʯĥճ֮ҪôǵλƽϢĥҩãȴ˵
ҩ񣬿ܾҩ˼ңƳһЩϡ鵤
ڽ֮ǰ棬ʹ鵤϶ҲµţʧЧɢԻΪ
ڣΧı֣˾֪ⷬǣ࣬ҩ񵱳ѡڴ˽®ΪԼܶＫأ˴֮⣬ƣҲضּʱŵķ֣ԼƳĵҩʹǧȥɱʧйء
ûжԥҲҩʲôΣգҶɵĿʾ£ǰҩСŴ򿪡
涫࣬һЩʦУһݵҩ
ҩУֻöƿȻÿһöȴԲͬΣʾʷŵĵ裬϶ҲѰ鵤
ҲǣҩϹŵƳĵҩзƷ
˵񵤣ԵɺϣҪͬϡҩϣпƾͣ˵⼸öƿ棬мỳɡ
һֻƿ
ֻҶɼұֻ
һУֻƿȫУͷϸ
һöƿͨʽɫɢճһ⣬ϸ䵽УȻ΢΢һȴǼΪء
ҡҡ涣죬ȴܼȻҩ࣬Ҳ
һ£ĻڴֽţܷĨȥȻһΣһ죬ƿʱ򿪣ãƺһ쵤ҩ
һۿȥɫҩ⣬ȴһ˿ζɼˣȻճ˵Ӱӣ˺֡
ڱǶᣬãȻһ㣬ûٶ࿴ֱӵתƿתƿһƣССĺ֡


614 񽣷ɵ
꣡
Īǣ
۾ٿȻһ뵽ϹŴ˵Уһ鵤λдδ˵
˵ֵҩͨƣ֮ʱҪÿǣ͸֣ʵ׼ȷΪͨɫֵҩһ֣жɶ𵤣
ֻҪǳֻһڣϢоֻҪʱ䲻ãɶ𵤣ܾȻһ
˵ֵҩȻֻдδ˵ںܶĿУȺܶഫ˵еĴ˵鵤󣬸Ҫ
Ϊֽ𵤣ÿһһ
ϣʲô˵ģ
ƿУ
굤ҲνĶɶ𵤣ģǿǵڶӵţֻҪ޵֮ˣû˲ۺ죬¸ٴĴۣҲҪõ
Ȼǵңûмʶִ˵еĻ𵤵ģʵѾ˾ųɵĲ²⣬ʣһɣֻûеõ֤ʵѡ
ǿסеļȻϹŵˣҩĵҩȻÿһƿԲͬΣǲ֪ƿֽЩʲô
ƿУϸϸܷãΨһ˿ɢ򿪵ڶƿ
ƿһƿͬͨ죬ͬȼյĻһ㣬Ŀ֮ƿǽϴ«װģɫ죬һóΧ¶˲ʮȵĿֲҩ
ƿףͬżС֡
ѻ굤
һִ˵еҩͬλдδ˵˵֮󣬵ҩ֮类˺ѵʹ־ǿˣֲסʹȥģֱӷٳɻҽҲûС
˵һּԵͬҲһּĵҩ
ֻЩֲ֮ѻ굤ҲͲ֮ܳΪδ˵鵤ˡ
ãмĶ֣ѻꡣ
˵ֵҩһܰȥʹһΪΪģķΪˣҲ˵˲һĶãããʮðá
Ȼһη򵥣һΪȻʹϾԳܡ
ܶˣ׷߾磬Ϸãǻʹġ
ܲס̰ˣ鵤ڶҩ
־ǿˣֵҩȴڲɵΪһͽΪߣ˲ʹ˵Уǿߣܰ쵽顣
ǿߣ֮ԼķʹһһɹǿߣڷҲܵϴ񣬴ӶӵһĶõ
˵Щǿǿߣһǧãһãڣǧ򴦣ֻҪ֮ܵ޴ԣ޴ڡ
Ȼ־磬˵һ㣬ֻΪ⣬ӽ˵лâڵĿֲ棬пܰ쵽սڵˣҲһļãʮãǧ򻯣ǰ첻ġ
ѻ굤ԭʵͺ״㵤Ч࣬ԣ鵤ʱüͷҲǲһݣЩڴԴһ˿
ҩƿ󣬴Ͼֻһɫеĵҩ

һʮ꣬Ʒ
ٵĵҩ𡭡
һ£ʶ㣬֮ǰ²⣬ɴʱöƿ֣Ҳ΢΢һЩ
ƷǱͨ鵤Ǵδ˵˵ֱ˱
ĵҩѾ漸öˣҾУҲЩؿ֮УǼҪ£Ƕ϶ϲᶯõġ
Ҫ˵Ǳ֮УԿģҩ
Ȼֻʮ꣬޵֮ˣϰ꣬ǧ˵ʮеʱ򣬾ǲֵһᡣ
ЩͻƹؿڣȴԪֻλŻ粻ӣʱӰ˵˵ڲ֮¸һдۣҲԸ⻻ȡ
˵öҩҶЩԪоõ˿Ҳʮѣʲôڸпȴһö޼֮
޼ۣ֣Ѿ˵һС
ҲΪֹΨһһֱֵش
һ΢ƽϢһ¼ǵ飬תͷһߵҶɣҲ˫ֲͬ飬Լ
ʣҲףУ϶ҲвѷɫڳϡڣȻ顣
Ȳеƿٿ˼ۣ̲סͬʱ̾һֶһۣȻ֣ոշöƿʱϲõȻ޴棬еƿᣬȴޱ֮أǾһ˿ɵ
Ƕرȴûӵ֮ƥʵǵܣ
Ȼ˲ĶԷΪ˵ȥϾû˻ôǣͺĳһƶˣһҹȻԼӱ棬Ȼȫûƽɣһ̼ȼȴֵǣı飬һģһġ
Ҷеöƿֱǣδ˵鵤Сƾţ˵鵤񽣷ɵţƷѨһö
δ˵鵤Сƾ԰ˣѨ֮ڣһС磬ѨڽѨڣѨڽѨڣѨڽѨ۷塭
ֻҪΪﵽˣһ鵤ˮɣûκƿģֱͻƾ磡
ԶޣҪǿöࡣ
Ҫ֪ЩΪܿ˶㣬ȴ޷ͻƣһƿ꣬ʮ꣬ϰһӣСƾһоͲ⡣
ֱ޵鵤
񽣷ɵʹѨ˵
񽣷ɵͨҩ̥ͬǣһ已̥һҹ֮Ϊ֣ӵ⽣浤ҩֵ


615 Ѩ
ʸߵˣֵҩãЩߡ
ΪѾʮ־ˣ꣬о磬һ񽣷ɵȻıʣҲǿ˶١
һΪҪͷ𣬵ڰװ׻ķʮ£һ᲻˴ʱ䣬ܲǶ˵
ڻṳ֮̂·Ѿ̤֮·ʱ䲢ûжãֲģֵҩȴڲɵ޼֮
ڸԭûʲôϣǣһͨ޵֮ŵԿףǶԿס
ǻʹһʲôҲᣬûʲôˣһٳ޵Ķ֮һǰ;ޱȣӵһ
ֵҩļֵԶ
õģЩʲߣȴֿ̤֮ŵƽߣЩǿߣŻҪԡ
ѾһҪηݺ͵λȴܸš
ʱҲͳ˼ʲȴΪٳϵ׽ˣʱֵҩ϶ֵ޴ǵȤ
ԣֵҩûʲôֵˡ
ǰ©޺壬Ϊӵ֮һѾãܴﵽ⾳磬ʮֲס
һ񽣷ɵȻϾܱһʣӦѩ콣壬ҪǧٱֹһΪҲᾡԷȥֻܴͷ
Ȼٶٿ죬пܶʱھ׷ɲȥô
һ壬ѾΪϤı䡣
Ҳֺͨҩʣӵмı׶ˣǾǣռޡ
ʵͻߵˣ֮·϶û޵ģһϣ
񽣷ɵһѨкڣѨ۷Ǽѣ벽ͬΣͻƷǸһ˿ϣֿܶޡ
ΪˣȻΪ񽣷ɵȻ죬Ҳơ
ֵҩ޶˸һ˵ʣעͨҩ֮ģͬС
ıҲǲУҪͨҩѭ򽥽ȴһͣܳ׸ģǻһˡ
ԣȻž޴ãȴҲž޴ԡ
Ǿǣ˷ˣȻԸıʣǰ죬ɾţȴܿͻƿΪϾӵУˣ˵׵߾磬Ѩ۷壬벽Ǽѡ
ĿǰѾѨǿߣֻҪȥѨ۷壬벽ѡ
㻻һʣɾţҲز֮·ִ£κһˣȥɵġ
ȻҲ˵ֵҩûá
ãպ˵ĺˣӵˣҪֵҩأʱȻֲһˡ
ң֣־ڷ˵񽣷ɵǼߣЩһҲʹﵽԪ˵ܸıʣͻѨѨڣڣֵҩǺε
ʹܽ뷨ɿһ䣬죬ԵҲѨڣ۷壬벽Ҳû뷨
һˣСܵõһŵȫ㾡Դϧһдۣмˣܳɷ
ԣţܶ˸ںƣֻ˵׷󣬲һѡ
ȻҲ֪ԼʣɾͷĻἫãǲȥ
Ϊǰ·յ㣬ֻҪѭ򽥽ȥܴﵽǵͷĻϵżȴǲòԽһޡ

˵񽣷ɵãֵֵӣôһֵҩƷѨȴǶֵˡ
Ѩ
֣Ƕ꣬׹Ѿãû뵽֮꣬һö
Ϊսʱڣ͹һ鵤СѨѨȽһӴƷѨĿǰе۷壬Ʒ
СѨ伫Ϊ֮ǴҲǻѾ޴ۣջá
СѨҲͶƷƷѨ˹ãƷƷƷƷȴǲܰ쵽ġ
Ѩ
Ҳ˵ܵõöѨѨƷףһӾܴƷƷѨԽˣΪǰ˴ţҲָӵƷѨĶš
񽣷ɵֱӸıʲֵͬҩֻԭеĻϽûʲô޺ͺ֢Ȼֵ
οһ޵ͨУĵҩֵ񽣷ɵֲ˵鵤
鵤뱦֮䣬Ȼ಻һλףУȴ֮
ͺѨ۷壬뷨֮Ĳ࣬Ʒڱ֮ĵȽһأƺ࣬ȫͬն
ԹСѨ֮޴ӵ֮һĵ֪ŴѨ
ӵŴѨһãʵˣ֮Ѩ۷壬벽мĸá
Ҳ֪д뷨Ҷɿ϶Ҳ⣬һЩǿ֪ˣ뷽跨õΪѨֹ־ʿãڷʿ浤һ
浤ƷԽߣȻԽ浤õƷһۡ
Ϊϣ׾ʵҲ֮㵤ͷְ취浤Ʒһֻʱܲס׻֮浤ըѣɻ
ԣͻ֮ǰ浤ƷԽߣԽ̣ͻڣâڵĻʾԽ
˿ܰ浤κһƷǵҩҩ߹ڷǿУ޼۵ģȻ
ԣöѨҶҲһŹ˭ܵõҪǽЭ̹ˡ


616 
ʼ۷֮ɣ
ܣǾ߲춦ԼƿҩУκֵ֮Ҳ׼ൢ飬ֱӿڵ
ȴ룬ͬ
״ֲͬʱһ漴һЦϬ
Ǳ㿪ʼɣ
գҶȵ˵ͷͷİ
á
ҶˣöҩƿͬʱǾ߲춦ԹۣȻһۡ
ղ˵Ҫ䣬ʱٷ⣬ȴֲЩ
Ʒǲ춦鵤Ǽֵ֮˵κһ֣˵ļᣬѪۺ졣
һҲŲ£һҲ᲻øԷ
ƫƫȴǹ֣ͬз䣬һ漰ȡᣬԼЭˡ
ôȡô䣬һ⡣
춦֮һԴﵥһߣȰҩзɡ
գҶɿǰΡĴ󶦣
Ҳá
Ŀһ˵ͷҲûʲôԥͬ
ΪҶһҲԥڳɣ֪ӦȡЩЩ
κһۣǣȴڱ֮٣ֻܰҪԵȺȡ
ҪģܶԷҲҪҪһ˫ͬϿɵķ䷽Ȼˮ𣬱ɳУǾͲˡ
˱ǹͬ̽ǺףõأӦôϲ£һ˴֣ƴǷһ¡
ҿɡ
ԥãڻҶȿڡ
ŵõѪ֮ʱҵţֻţǰԣջһݡ
ڼȻмѣҿҸѡһݵΪѡȡЭֻҪ̫࣬Ҷû⡣
á
ԣҲǵͷԥشӦ
ΪҲеõĽ֮
Ҷɵ飬Ƕбò࣬Ȼ᲻Ӧ
ղŵļѪȻҲ󣬵⼸ҩǰʲô
ΪˣȴһѡȨǵõǧٱĺôܾܾˡ
Ҷɣ棬ȴȻܱǫ̬ȣΪԣ˵ֵ˴ΰһ̽Ǻ֮أֵˡ
ĿһǲԸռ˱ˣҶɿ塣
ӵѡȡȨѨ֮ģǱ㿴ɡ
ԣȴ󿪿ڵɣҲܶռҶıˡѡһΣѡΪһ֡ڶ֣Ǳ㵹ѡһΣѡѭ˭Ҳռ˭ıˡ
ҶԣĿעϣƬ̣ѩϣųһʶĿ΢Цͬٻʢڵá
ûٶ˵һ֣һУѾڲ֮С
һ£˻֮䣬ࡣ
˵֮ǰֻһ׮ףڣһ˺֮У˻ʶ˶ԷƷԼ֮䣬ѱôвͬ
һǰһƿԥһָװдѨİɫƿڵһƷѡƷѨ
á
ԤϣҶɲû˿ɣͷӦ
ȻҲԴѨʮֿ󣬵ȻӦѡ֮Ȼᷴڡ
Һͬרע޵֮ˣԶԴѨĿԳ
ͬҵĴˣΪߣȻҲҪûҪǸز
⣬գ顣
ԣһƷѨ岻
һҲͽѨ۷嵽벽֮ˣˣóһöȻЩʹǻܳܵס
ĿһתָѨӦһɫƿ
Ҿѡöɡ
ͬΪƷļֵ޼˵һֻǿҪ˵ѡ
ҶԲҪõƷȻѡһöһöȻѡȻòţп϶Щ߲㣬ҪƷ
ҲԴóȥһֵͬƷڼķչöҩֵȻҲ޿ɹ
Ҷɵѡ̾һ˵ͷûз
֪ΪѡԭǳԼ棬Ǹ˵ʧ
𵱳ھĸҲһֵ֮ʢʱ˷ѡԭ
ŻңƲӣһвжϴ֮
ڹؽʱ̣ܷЧĵҩͼֵش
ھĸ֮ϵ֮ǧҶͳͬɺϵģ߶ͬʮꡣ
ǧҶ糤ĵطȴǣƣÿ˷ʱ䶼һࡣ
Ѩ·ãֻһ룬ʮꣻѨϣܴﵽʮꡣֱʮ꣬ʲô磬һͨҲˡ
ԣС
ǧҶ˺ĳİɹۣһλ֣Ǳˣֵֻߣ򣬶ûпܡ
ӼֵԣҶɵѡûгԁ
ǣӸ˶ԣΪ˼棬һѵõĻᡣ
öװдѨİƿУѾ㣬΢һֵҶӣڶ֣ȣ
á
ҶҲûƴǣһָǾ߲춦˶ΪƷֵߣҶãǣڰ˴֮һţ϶޼
ɻؿԺ⡣
ȴҶ͵Ҷ棬ĳλϣΪﵽƿޣ֪ɽҶҡ
֮ʱᰮɣżһףɽһҡ
һֱиϣϣܳλӢӣػţûɵԸΪ೤֮ףϧҶҵӶ಻Фϣϣ츳ܳΪڵӣڵû⣬Ϊϣǰ˴֮ףѶȴһĴ󡣡

˵¶һ˿Цݡ
ԣѾȻ
뽫߲춦׸ţȡһһ֮λ

ѽ¾Ϊ룬ȴһԼǷ㣡
ԣҲ֪˵ʲôˣȻҶԼѡҲûʲô취
ȻԲ춦ЩģȻҶѨøԼԼֲȻ߲춦ж
ңͻȻ뵽ţһλѣǱͬ󷽣ִһţ֡ɴ
Ҳߵ䵽УлУŹأ
ңܷĵطҲʵܱԼֻܲܵǿᷴԡ
Ҫѡڶƿҩȴ룬Ҷҡҡͷ춦̫ʣµҩȻҲȴûһܱȵù춦ģɣʣƿҩѡƿһƿңǵջҲͲ
һѡ
һ£ЩԾˣʧҶɵ
Ҷɵ˵ͷʵҲԁ룬춦һƿҩŻƿҩڲ춦ֵֻƿҩһ΢еռ˵ˣԣѡɣҪ˼ɡ
ðɡ
һ룬ǣȻҶɼȻڣȻҲͲԥöԷйⲻȥ
Ҿѡɡ
գһָʣƿҩУ𵤣񽣷ɵѻ굤УһƿСƾȴҶɡ
𵤣Ǳ֮񽣷ɵܶԱãѻ굤ûҪҪһԣΨСƾ񶼿ﵽѨ۷ˣôʵڲҶɣá
ΪףҶרעˣ̫ģһƿȽʹࡣ
дƾǸˣԼãֻҪΪˣˮͻƣмֵ֮
񽣷ɵѻ굤ƸûãΪԼáԲϲһֱڸƧ֮ǱޣҲΣգ𵤣ҲǺܴûԼߡ
Уɡ
գϣȻźϾԴϲ
ĸƿȫԼ֮УҶߵ޴ĺɫ춦ǰһ˿
Ƭ֮󣬲춦ƾշȻ󼱾תԽԽСձһֻӤȭͷСľСһɫ˿ߴס˫˩Լ䡣
һǱзȤͬΡ
һЦܣ׼뿪ϣȻǶ΢΢һɫ΢ȣڵǻһط
ʲôط
Ҷɾȵʵ
ڴʱҲŵһ㣬ǶˣǴӴ󷽴΢ףʲôѵǻ©ʲôط
ǹ㣬в²⣬ĿһתѾЦһ˵ˣҩ԰ҩ԰һλҩʦ֮أôûпԼҩ԰
ֻû뵽ǧȥҩ԰֮УȻҩδݣɢǿҵ
ߣȥ
ҶҲ˹һ˲˷ڵ
˵ѭζǣһεСţ򿪣˲䣬һ֮棬ǰһƬСС԰ӣܶҩήлˣ䴦ȴһ赭֦Ҷ罣š
ŨǴɢ


617 Ӱ
ʲô
ȻŲǺۣ˶ף϶ǱѰϾܱҩ˼֮Եҩ԰֮еģǧȥҩήȥΨһ棬Ȼ䲻ͬѰĵط
ף㿴
ȻҶһһָ
տʼҲûע⵽ҶɵףʱҲָķȥ漴ɵһ
ҩ԰ԭӦ˸ϡҩ϶ήȥ
ҶɸտʼΪȻڲŷ֣ҩǱǿɵܵ£ҩ޹
ðԵ꣡
һ̣Ҷɣɫ΢䣬ϸȻֲͬ
罣ɫɣȻһϡ䣬ֻٴﵽƷ۷壬пܣƷ͵ҩ
Ʒ͵ȡ
Ȼ䣬ɫȻһ뵽һ
սɴִͬ;һƷ͵ҩﻯλɴ˸һϡΪ컯֮ɰͻƷ
컯ȴʧ
ҩ棬ζҩѲժһգʧ˼䣬޴Ѱˡ
ζҩֱǣǵռѰҵĵһζҩƷ͵ȣﻯλ
ζһζеؽͬƷ͵ȣһζǺʹϹ֮ʱΪѰҩ֮һߴƷеȣΪ˥ݡ
ǰƲͬѰֻ¾ͨĪǣǴУѾʧٵƷ͵ҩؽƸͻƷҩ컯ҩ֮һ
ǣǻ׬ˡ
ĪģĶȻ
ܲ
ǰȻҲ־ͻƷʹԼҲףǲһϣã˵֮һڷ֮һĻᶼûС
гһ죬ܴ컯ҩɴΪƳ컯Ҳһļʣ˰ԼҲͻƷ
Ȼӵ컯һͻƳɹ˲ټʡ
ǣǻϹ䣬ǿͻƷ֮ЧȻҲ⡣
ֻ֮ǰҲ֪ҩжѰ
ȻһﻯλҩȴһͷûУҲûȥѰңΪ֪Ǽܡ
ڣǰпܣֵǵڶζҩζţѰһζҩпϹ䣬ǿҩ֮һ컯ķɣ
ӵ컯ǲǾͻƷһٳΪ䣬Ϊ𾴣֮һ
ֻǣǰҩǲϹ컯ζҩ֮һؽȷҲûжٰգֻ²⡣
ҩ԰УһҩʹɵӣҲ֪ԼõҶֻ᲻룿
ԼҪָöҶɸʲôĴۣĶԸ˳
뵽Ҷɣɫԥ
Ȼҿ϶ֻҪǧ֮һļʣͲŹ
ΪףܸͻƷ֮ж󣬶־ڽ׷˵ļֵ޿ɹ
ҶɸܵĿ⣬һۣ˲䣬˼
΢΢һЦֱӿʵҪ
š
һû뵽ôֱףȻκȦӣһʱ΢Щ
Ȿ˼Ȼʸڷϣʧۣ֮ʱͻ֮Ī
֪ҪʲôĴۣſϽøңֻҪĳܰ쵽֮£ض߾ȫϧһдۡ
ŶȻĪѾ֪ĳ
ԣҶ΢΢һЩ֮⣬΢΢һЦʵ
²⣬ȷĳõ֮Ҷֱӿڡ
ûа컯ζҩ֮һ˵һȷϣʵҲһ˽档
˵ˣõܾͼΪѣΪ˷Ŀ򣬻ɳܡ
˵ۿܾҪСܶ࣬ȷǣֱԼõԺֲҶһЩ컯ʱ̣һҲǲܡ
ǰǣҪ䵽Լ
Ҷɼ״һתĿͣƬ̣ǲµ롣
Ҳûһ룬ȻȻһЦڿڵɣȻּΪ֮ԭӦùãֻһв
һ٣żڵȻˣֱõ㶫Ȼɲ״ļֵأֿ϶ҲɳԿġ
⡭
Ҷһ˵ΪˣЩԥ˼ת
ԷȷȻѣԼҲ취쵽
ڶԷûָֻ˵ҩļֵԼŸôˡ
ˣԼҲۡ
ˣǺŪ˼ңƾҶƲͬԼҲܰڽͻƾ磬ҲӰ졣
ҪǣĿΪֹҩǲǴеĵؽȷֻǲ²⡣
ǣ޼۵ģԼΪˣٶҲΪ
أ
ʱһΪ
ҶҲżһԾȣƬ̣ûӣһЦҪһֱ벻Ǳˣȹ㣬ŪļֵٸҲɡ
ôУ
ҶǲԸԼΪѣʱиж
˵ԼֱֵӹԼԼˣˣǸɴû棬Ҷɲڳ˴ǶԼΡ
ˣ˲䶨˼һ˲˶ߡ
ǲǵؽԼҪȼֵĶҶɣϾԼǺףȻЩջ˴󷽣ԼܹģƾС
뵽ˣһУ˼һУǾ߸ղҴ֮Ϸֵɫľʱġ
䳯Ҷɵ˹ȥҶǸղ֮ãȻ˵ʶԷղŵջ񣬵һʱҲ벻ʲôҶﻹеֵһʺҶ֮ˣһȽʺŮӣﾡֵ
Ŷ
ҶɸտʼͳһƽͨɫľЩ֣ĻȴɻȻȴҲһ˿档
ʲôȻ˵ҪǣȻأ
ҲûԥֱֽӹȻһۣĿ⣬һģľӦһһ⣬˲

ʹĿҶɻûĶ㲻һľϡ
Ͼ־ˣǿǿڣȴӦôۣҶɻǺָܿϸȥʱľһһ
ν
ǹɫһ˲䣬Ҷɵ۾ˣ۾εĳһ˿֮ɫ
Ľ
ֵĦǹ۾һգգΪ˵йأϲ֮ˡ
ŵѣԭͼƣҲ֮ͨߣܴοš
ųơŮҲʼ٣ѸȻİ
ǱνۼֻҪŮӣûмܴƵÿ۾˵һ˵һϼѵƷ
ãˡ
ƾҶɵһ۱ɼǵļֵȷϲ֮ΣҲܾ̾
ҵȷ˵䶼󣬶ʺŮӣҲûʲôãȡҲ㲻
룬ǲռ˴ˣϾһ껹֪ʲôƷֵ󣬿Ҳܳǰ룬Ȼ֣ӻͳһöᣬ˦Ӹ
ⱾҸղ鷿֮һ׵ƷоΪӰ񹦣ҿںϽа壬ҲﵽƷΣҲǲܡ
Ӱ񹦣
һӹһ漴۾Ӱ񹦣ӰǺεϵĹһᣬԼٶȣضٴδﵽӰӰӰĲΣԶԭİƷ


618 µһ
ĿǰӰļٶȣʵѾﵽӰΣԭİƷ롣
ٿսлõ˫ƷѥټϱؼĿǰļٶȣܴﵽӰѾԶԶĳԭİƷӰ
ˣӰ¯࣬һ¥ﵽӰӰΣϾǣĵƷǧ
Ϊв̺塣
ĵƷ̺ٶȰģҲǵƷƷ֮䣬Ȼֻףȴرԭ
Ŀǰ
ΪԽԽߣԵĵԽԽǿǣϼҪϾʿޣ徳ޣ
Ϊ͵ҲӦ׽⣬ûƣˡ
ٲõһЩ̨ϣ߶Զܲߵ徳ޣ˵
˵ؽڣܵõһ̺һ˿ٶȰĵƷоİ޿ɹ̨֮ϣҲߵøΪɡ
ֻϧҶѰģԼ
ľܾҶɵ۾Ŀ峺ˮһƬϣȷΪԼռˡ
һ룬ȷû취ȷǲǾǴ˵еĵؽǣȻԴϲԿ׬ˡ
ǣԼȷˣȷҪⱾӰ񹦣Ϊ·
һ룬գͷⱾ֮УȭҶ֣һҾ֮ûҶպκҪֻҪΥģĳ֮£һϦ
á
ԣҶҲųʶĿЦݣûоܾͷӦȻõͱνҲΪԼ׬ˡ
ȻһƷоⶫûʲôãлǻϲӶࡣ
漴С߽ҩ԰óһһ𣬷һƷ֮Уȷʧջش䣬۾¶һ˿Цݡ
߰ɣ
һܣȷû©㣬뿪ҩȻѭԭ·Ǻص硣
һܣľؾãĿ㳬ﵽϾʿ޿ʼʱѾá
׼ҶɸǣǰϺ£μʮһȵϾʿޣҲ޵磬һ̨
룬ҶȻһ䣬£ȻҲȻȤҪһǰȥ
Ȼûбμӣȴȥս˾һ£ϵѾֲͨʲôȻûܾ
һҶŮһ·УҲ£Ȼ᲻Ӧ
˹ͬ뿪ǺشһӣϺµķжȥ׼֮ڵ֮ǰϵϺμⳡ޵ѵһʢᡣ

½Ѽ߼ʡ
ޱߴ󺣣ǹɳĮɽ޾ѩ
½ɹֶϣĲݡ
У䣬ֱΪ֮꣬Լڶûжپǧɽڡ
ټССĶţСڣССҡ
ʿޣпᣬҲѵһ
಻ã֮У󶥼ţ칤ɽаɽһһаڴˡ
ÿʮһȵʿޣͬűսҸ
ϾԼвԼ򵥣ΪӵеССȻҲ಻ʤĶţȴֻһ
ϾΨһţλϺɽ£ҲǺųµһµķʥء
ףаϾһڤǳԴ£ϧһ֮ǰսУѾ䣬첻ˡ
ڤȻȥΪϾһڣɲСڸ֡
˵ڤ֮ϯӣһޱտСУСǶɡ˵Ҳʮ꣬ѴﵽѨΪ֮¡
ᣬȴ¼磬ݴ£ʹﵽԪʹϺжġնƼһֱɽڱչأԡ
ͻȻðִϯӴȨʼܶ˲ܶѨ۷ʦֶ£ķڷ
ǶС֮Ҳ
ټڣ֣壬Ͼأ罭һأʤѩȶ콾Ͼأ罭ңϣ󺣣Ͻûж֣
УעԼɵģǴ˵УΪصħ֮Ǹط
ȻֲԣȴֲطϾ֮СȴȶᲢۣȻ˲öԸ
еˣԸгĸ֣ҲԸħ֮߳ĵԿ
ΪȻսʤˣҲȥôħ֮ʤˣõıħ֮˵ĳԼ׷ɱ
Ҫô䣬˸ңҪôУҪôûе³

ϾȻֻһţСӶ䲻ͬԼвԼ򵥡
Ϊطƶ񤣬򣬵ԸҪôǨƣҪô˲Ųˣû䡣
ˣֻһڣһŻҲټκһһ޷࿹⣬
αʿ޵ĵһˣضţֻǵ˭Ŀǰ˵
вֻλ۾ʮ¥ˣ¥ţһΣвĿףû⣬ӦҲ¥ժá
Լ˹עģǶľѡ

ҹˮ䣬ͷ
졣
һջУҶɸһݣڶӣڴϢ
ϥڴϣһУǾдšӰ񹦡ĵƷо䵽С


619 
Ҷɶǰ·Ϣ
ٶȼ죬ȻϺвС룬ԼСʱ䣬ڻǽϺ
ÿҹʹԼķУҲȥչؿƷоӰ񹦡
Ӱ񹦣ģǽԼӰӣüµٶĨȥ̺壬̺һ˿Ӱ֮塣
֮ǰһӰȻֻǰƷû̺壬ǡǡҲӰйء
ףӰŰƷҪף͸һ˿Ӱ֮壬ܵõףΪƷĶ
ʮʱ䣬ҹ򣬰飬УȻ
򶨵⣬ҪڵִϺ֮ǰӰ֮еӰ֮Ӱ֮Уֻһ˿Ҳܶս𵽼İá
⣬ȣҪŪףӰӰ֮Ĳ
˲𣬲ͬȥ죬ڻͨΪһΪʺԼ
Ӱǽ÷ٶȣ߻£Խ죬γɵĲӰԽ࣬һؾ磬ǵһӰڶؾ磬ǵڶӰ
һֱأҲ۷壬زӰ
Ӱ񹦣ǡǡ෵
Ӱ񹦣׷ĲǲӰĶ٣ӰԼıб˵ӽʧҪٶȣֱš
ҲƷо֮
һӰһӰƲأԯޣΥ
ʵǡǡ෵
ΪףӰʵӰ߾ѡ
䣬ٿ죬ӰޣֶָأӰʵҲӰӵġ
ֻЩ˿õЩ˿ЩΪˣѾӰѾƲˣԲŲӰĴ
ԣӰûӰӰҲǲӰԽ಻ԽãҪģǽںϣγһµ
֮ǰΪӰӰֱھӰʮӰһӰ
Ҳпܣ豹棬вӰһ壬Ȼ鵭ʧӰľתҪԼںϳ̶ȣԺΪˡ

۾עеĵоǰ·ǧٸԾɶӰ
ЩӰͬʱ鵭ʧ
ʮÿؼӰ񣬶飬Ҳ·ӰУõʲôʲôµĸ
һҹȥ
֨ѽ
ƿͬһҹҶɣƿţͼҲͬһʱ䣬ŶһЦоõԷһҹ֮Уµջ
ģӰ񹦣Ҷɣ׼ͬʥ¥֮һѡ
߰ɣ
Ҳûоǰֱ̨һԾӶ¥֮ϷȻų΢ֵϻûʲô֮ʣѾ뿪СǣϺµķȥ
;УԽƮ죬Խ飬һζ
󣬼ʹ߶ѥҲûʹñؼȼҲԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ӰԽԽ࣬ߵ˵
ǣ˵֮ȴ࣬ԽԽԽԽ۲첻
һ·ͬеҶɣޱȡ
ûϵһƷоӸȻĸɹ֮УҲţΪҪԼƾʱٶȣòʮ֮ã͵ϺµĴˡ
Һʱ仹磬ż
뿪Ǻ֮ʱʱ䲻ȥһң£˻ʮʱ䣬ż
·֮Уʱü죬һƺȴּΪʵ
ΪҲ֮ţٶȸԽԽ죬ҪǿٶȣҶɸϲ
ֹ죬ڣһ죬ǰһѾ˴½϶ˣǰˮһߣããŸϰ衣
紵Ŀضʱ
ٷȥһѹѹľ޴󺣵У·ͨأ˿ȵ֮飬Ĥݡ
ϺҲ顣
ɽڵأҲ°˴֮һµĵڵˡ
£
֮УΨһһԷΪ̵˳ͶƣɣϺһơ
ϺҶҲ֣;ֵʿԽԽ࣬ԽԽࡣ
ȻһЩҲΪμʮһȵϾʿ޶
Щ˻ֻӰǽ̶Ƭ̼䣬ҶˣͿʮ
ЩˣҲμӣЯѣЩˣǴΧһºеʢģ٣θɫ˶С
ǵϺ֮󣬾ͻһСǰ֮еȻУȴ֮ǳʢ١


620 ɽ
ҶɻȺУ˼ϤӰԽ
ȺˣһĸʮĿҪôǿͷҪôǷ緶ĵطμȻӹ֡
˷ֱǡ¥ӦӦֵܣǰġš˾ϣԼһҵĲӣѩаħ¡
ǽؿǰһСȻܿʮˣС밶УźĴȥ
Ҷϵ
ҲżֻҪͬ£ûмĻô
ңħ£˾ϵ˼ȻѾˣʤѩǺӣ£ԵȣЩ֮ǰڽʿдռɣͷĶʮʤߣֻµѾˡ
㻹ûģ϶ҲòԶ֮ڣ˾ͻٴξ룬ʱǼʱ
ڰߵһᣬܿ죬ͬʮˣһСе
С۵ˮ֮ͬźɳ۶ȥϿһİˡ
Լһ̶ӵʱ䣬͵˵ߣһ֪ɮӭҶɣԼͬμϾʿޣ򴿴۹ˣһͬӭ˵졣
̤˵еķʥҶɵ˵˼Ҳ죬֪ɮߣߴܵĻ
紵ľҡһų̺ӭһС
СΪ򣬾ȻһͨסĴ඼ǷˣȻҲЩջߣסޡأ򣬱ضµĸ֮һסģ㲻ȫǣҲǸеϸɼҺ׼ҵӵ˵ȣǧ꣬ڴ˾䣬ŽγС
·˳ʥ֮أ˴οͣŵӲﲻҲҪЪţɽΪʱҲһĺõط˴˵ؾȻ٣˺쳾ǧ
ʹһЩµӣżҲɽһЩճƷιһвһķ顣
ҶɵμϾʿ޵ĵӣȻס֪ɮĴ£Ҳ棬ֱӳһСʱڵɽĽ¡
ͷɽߴֱƶˣƣһɼ֮̾
ķʥˡ
ҶĿһУûжԣС
ɽµɽϣûˣֻһ·С
ңǧ귢չҲǻ֮أ;ש̵أһ·ϣƽ룬ԾɨƬҶ
һ·ϣгһľ
һƬסݣС
ֱٹСʱɽڣƶ˽¡
ǰһ̶ң֣⽣ҡ
Աߣɮߣׯ࣬һͬʯˣˣ˫ƺʮ˾䣺ӷ𡣡
֪ɮ͵Ϊ⽣ңƽ°ݻĵӻˣҪڴ⽣ʾأβͬѰǱ֮Դɶλãλɡ
ɮһ񣬼ȥ
˷ĿȥܿԶɽֳ֮ǽߺǽַ˸󳪣ɽʱ˲֪٣˲Ϊ֮ľҲһ壬ﳾȥ
·һ֮أʥ뷲֮Ĳࡣ
µ֮ˣҲ°˴󶥼֮УΨһԷΪ̷ķʥڡ
Ҷɵȣһˣֻ˼ӣڴһ˿˷ܡ
Եľȴκ˶ӣΪطǵһ
ǵڶΡ
̼֮ǰովɥ֮ʹ뿪ڣһ·¶ޣ̣Ѱһߵ֮أ꣬칤ɽҲ¡
ϧʱδ쳾δΪɾܾ˵֮Եڣ޷ڣҪȥ
ʱʧҪɥʧһϣֱ󣬲ΪһԱ񣬳Ϊ󶥷֮һݵλ뵱ǸŰ糾°ʦ΢ĩ꣬ͬնˡ
ڣǸ߸ϵ޵ˣеĶǿߣʸμٰ޵綥ᣬϾʿޣҪµ˷Ϊϱӭ
ǰһжͬˣ̶꣬ȴ࣬һΣһȴԶȥһ硣
̾ϢһŲɷŻ
ˣ˷ܵ飬ǰ棬˶û֪ɮҲǰ·ûзֻһֱߵҶɣ̾Ϣʱ˫üһһ̾Ϣ֮ɫָֻƽԥһûпڶʡ
һ·Уڣɽ˲䣬һ𶥺ǽ಻ȺУǧεΪ׳ۣĲΪ֮סϢ
⣬°֮һ𣿡
ֹ⼸ˣ֮⣬ʵҲûнȥ֪ɮĴ£߽µĴţׯĵ¥ַ̨һɫ࣬ׯϣ˭Ҳû˵һ·ƫȥ


621 ľԺʮ˺
Ժ½Ӵ˵ĵطƽҲûôס
󵽵ˣĿģμϾʿ޵ģ䵽һԺΪľԺҶЩֻ˹Ŀˣ䵽һԺΪĦڭԺ
ľԺȽСҲȽ徲רŵɮźճӺʳû˴ӣŽҲȽϣʺϸսǰ׼
ĦڭԺͬǳԭ׼ҵǾסĵطҲȽϼªΪ˹Ӧס޵⣬ȫڿ˳Ŀʹá
ˣ˹ˣԶԶĳµԤϣȻϾһֻһٶսߣˣֻǧֹ
ң⻹ûյ㣬Ϊʱ仹û˵ﲻ󵽵׻ᵽˣûеףعƣǧеġ
һȻµһڣԺǧأҲãһʱѼ˶Ŀз˲˼˹һ
ҶŮԣûгΪ˹ˣԾӶ࣬ŮԽ١
ΪŮҪ飬ĦڭԺҲһΪԭĦڭԺԺֿԺסԿˣԺסŮԿˡ
Ҷɾ;סĦڭԺһӣ֪ɮɲ޾ףϾҲδŰ֮ĵģԼҶһλñȽϺãҲȽϸɾ࣬ﰲȫӡ
ΪЩһģԺԺ֮䣬ҲûнֹţֻľԺҪ̲ʣȻ˴ţܰӦԽս
ȽҶɵǰսˣ䵽ԺԺȷѾס֪֮ɮŴˣľԺڡ
ľԺһ¹ŵԺ䣬ԺмɽˮһбȽĿ˵Űžס
ľԺУһжʮļӣһΪ磬Էһ䡣
ס£¾͸ſڲӭɮֻҪܰ쵽һ֮ȴ·֪ɮʹ˸ףȥˡ
ԼǼӣʮˣһ֣Ԣ⼫ѡ
һЦҲû⣬ֱ˽ȥ
沢󣬵齣ξУɨøɸɾһȾ
ԺУԺһţмһľľϻһ̽δ֡
Ҳܿ侫İ֮ЩµӾסĵطͬĴɼ
ǽϹһֻԼȴй⣻ǰһܣӰټңм𾭡
ܿͱ𴦲ͬ켫ģԱߵĵͼϣڷһƿƿУһǳ׵Ļ䣬ţȻ
Ȼǹ;סĵطǷ£һϷջҲȲˡ
һЦȻס޵ĵطǺ⣬ϺõĿͷסǱȽģϾ˲ԼŰ
Ҳǣ˲μʮһϾʿ޵ģϾָĶǿߡ
Уܾһҳϣδķ
£ΪϾһڣЩδϾؽȨƵĺҲҹൡȻͬ

ûйشҲûȥй䣬֮󣬾֮ϣֱϥĿвһ⣬Ҳԭĸӳڵĵ͵ƽ͡
ǰԭԼԼʧԼнգ࣬ûҲûнԼ
£ΣԼҲڳڴ꣬ɽΣһã裬ò뿪
ԣЩԵ˲УûϣҲһա

Ŀȴûע⵽˽ʱмѾס˵ķ䣬΢΢һ£Ȼס
Ȼʮˣôͱʾ֮ǰѾʮĸ˾סľԺˣұضǸ򶦶ӢſܣƺڷУ˳
һ̲壬֪˭ֱʡ
ȻԺ֮⣬Ųһ֪ɮٴδӣľԺ
ľԺſڣɮߣˣʮһȻԺţǽ롣
֪ɮߵɮҪľƣһźɫСʮţһźɫСֶʮ
Ϊǿŵķˡ
ˣһ¿֣һ±Ұɢζ
֪ɮ˴ʮźţʮţҲڵ䷿䣬Ҫǽ룬Ȼұߵĺ±꣬һ˦жʮŵƣһָʮ˺ŷʮҲϲһһ䣬ҾҪʮ˺ţ
ʲô
⻹ǵһҪ󣬻֪ɮûо飬һʱס֪Ǻá


622 
֪ɮһʱЩ֪룬֪ôش
±ЩͷˣôУţ˺ŷһҲУҲģֻҪּ
ԱߣסЦתȥ˼عͷ
⻹вʲô
¾ٰϾʿ޶꣬£ͷһء
޵ѿƺ쳾£Ȼʲô񰡹֮ģŵļ٣ŵ˵ôûʣֱ׳ģʵûмˡ
ƻ֪ɮⱲӣҲͷһġ
ЩڣΪʲôҪ񣬴˿ίòУֲҵǺֻ꣬õƵӷʩǸ䷿䣬ʱʱסˡ
Ŷ
һĿ䵽ϣƶʱ䣬ôס䣬Ԩ㲻ܣºôĹأھҪѷ任һ䣬䷿е˸ҺԸᡭ
⡭
źǿӲԵвݾܾ֪ɮᣬֻһɮˣô飿
һߣЩȥˣعͷһǺֵ꣬ܣˣοΪһɮˣҲ
ƫҪ
˭֪Ǻһִֵӣʹ꿪ڣҲɿڣһץס֪ɮڣǿ䷿˺
úˣĳѾˣҪһ䣿
ͬһԺӣҲԶԺֳôĶ޵֮˶Ŀ˭۹۰϶Ȼ
Ǻµĵһ𣬲˾ʹӴ̽ͷۿ֡
һӷ߳ģǺţҪǸİ˺ŷһûأһһӣֻǴ˿ɫȴе䡣
ǽ¸˻ֿˣ
֪ĸУȻһЦ
ϳǸ˺ŷ߳ͷӣ˳ֻƮƮǻص˷ԺоסĶǸ֣ûֱܷǸ˭
ߣ
һߣȴǸҪĺ±ꡣ
˿̣ŴӰ˺ŷ߳Ǹصӣȴеڣлһ˿ɵȴû˼
¸󣬺Ͻһ壬Ҳû¹˭
Ǻǡ
ĺŷУȻҲһЦûǰǰװŪƮ֪һĵŮֻһ˻ɧʮֹŹ֡
Ͻ壬ˮңɽԼңʯң˵һҲǳ˼ѵõӣֻ棬ʯгĵӣȻ˲еʧˡ
ţ
ʮ˼䷿У϶Ҳ˲֪±ģŮӵĻе㾪ȣ΢߿һۡ
Ͼ򣬽󣬽ңϣ󺣣Ͻħ֮һߴ
ʤѩħ£˾ϣӦӦܣЩ֡
ĸ¸󣬳¸¸󣬺Ͱ¸
ǸЩĻӣǽ¸һΪ͵ĵӣҲ¸ĶӣһΪʮָ޺ȴСЦص֮ơ
Щ³çӵĺ꣬ȻҲͷ֮УϽ֮У߳ĵӡ
ʯ޲ƻ꽣£еĹ壬ʯԨҲô
ҲǣܴӸ֮ӱòμϾʿ޵ĵӣһǼ򵥵ģΣδ̨֮ǰ˭С
˭Ȼ҄aңĳ㣿
Ԩû뵽ԼȻһƣУвм֮⣬һʱǵͨ졣
ԭͶеη壬ʱøıìͷηһŮӣȻŭʦ֮⡣
Ǻǡ
Ůĵٴֱںĵף鹫ӺôƢѽū£鹫Ӿܷģūٲǡ
ū
֣˶ʱһݡ
֮أһɰ֣С컨ŮݴʣȴС˶ȥòӶһªĴڡ
ͷһ˼УܾŰȴҲһżƷԳֶβж£η塣
֣ūʦūĪ
СԺУһλŮӣ˵γԾ
˹սˣȻĦڭԺԺ˿ս֮ˣȴֱ˴ˡ
ϾܹҲһٶˣҲԺסûҪֿ
޵֮ҲںЩԶԺУһλŮӣ˵Ҳκ档


623 ſ
Ͼʿޣ͸ˣʲôţˡ
ĿǰڳϽ֮һҵӣ³ལԨ¸ˣЦص֮أ׹ȴЫĶߣ컨Ůʦū
ټ֪ѾסԺֺŷĽһˣʤѩԼʮλĸ֣һϾʿޣһ㲻ϼ죬й֮ΪȺͣӢű
ԨȻϽҲеλȴԶԶ绨ˮңɽԼ塣
ĵλϽһУڵǰ嶼ȥ
ΪˮҲԼңԶкüλ֮ӳƫֻ⼸꣬ƲӣһԨҲʣӲĵز
ϽݹˣΪ⼸ʳڵĵûУ˵ģ̧úܸߣţΨҶϰߡ
ֻҲɵȻҲز֪ϽϾвġ
ϽһĶֵϣˮܳλ˵ǰʧķ裬壬ȥμսδأ֪
ˮңֻҪλûлκˡ
Լңҵ֮ͨףͲԼһһǹñ֮ףȻͻˣҵӣҲ̫ΪһϽȻǺߡ
ϾϽҲͲ߷֮һ߷֮һ򶼲һСطǸԿλֲʥ컨ŮʦūȻδս˼֡
ԷĻıǲһȻֺֺǼ䣬ڹȥȴôҲĨӣ˵ڡ
Ҳе㼱ǣһתٴζáת־ʦūǲ𣬵ǣˣܲһǲɡ
ϾҲܸǶţ˵һٶУҲʮ֮ϣϰٸ϶Ҫη֮Ϲֺء
뵽һתߣвŮȻ㲻ٿڣǱˡСУŷʮ˺ŷеأҾҪ䷿֮һˡ
˵꣬صǻ֪ɮȻ²ôû䷿˺
Сɮ⡭
֪ɮãȻʧ룬֪ìͷתԼͷϣһĶˡ
ˣԨʣҶԻʦūôȴת۷һµɮЩмҲֵÿ֣˭Ҳܣ뿴ô顣
ڴʱһֱУŸոմûãͱķ粨ѣһɤҪţʮ˺ŷ˶Ի֪ɮ޷쵽ֲΥɫֻΨΨŵŵ±Щϲ
ƿ˳üֻһѾµһɨһŻ֪ɮĺˣڵ˵Ҫһ䣿
ǱүҪΡ
òˣ˵Ͼ֪κһ֣Ԩʱ
ҲǰпܸʦūȶţһԱԼ۷ĶˣоԼĻˡ
Ŀϴһ£ʵסĸ䣬ô⣬ֻ̫ˣɫ̫ˣЩϲ
һ£ڵɣ㲻˵ţʮ˺ҪѡһȥŷˣԸȻԴϲʵڲԸҽҵʮ˺ŷ㡣
ֻһ䷿ѣŪһ粨ȻҲԸƽ޹ʵĸ˸䣬ȴԸڴ֮ǰƽʣΪһ֪ɮҲΪ
Ԩüͷһ壬ʱбһ۵棿
ǧȷ
ؿڵ
ûŵᣬԶС£ȻϣȻ۵񣬵γֲһαװֶΣ治ֵô£»СС»ˡ
һҵԼˣԨ㣬һԵѯʶѡ
ΪѾ˵ˣŷڵԸԸԸ⣬ԸסţԸҲһʮ˺ŵɵѾﵱ̥ˡ
о޲ȫĿⶼעϣ󣬳ŷǱȥԱߣ΢΢ԥ£ץסȴûץסѾߵԶˡ
üͷ΢΢壬ȴҡͷ̾һû˵ʲôˡ
ˣǿֲ´󣬷׷׿ԨȥķҲŷУסһʲô
׻˵֪֪ˣսŷеĿˣһأ˵Դӽȥ󣬾û֪ɮҪŴβܣ˻ɣǲ˵˼֢Ⱦزü˵ġ
Ԩߵŷ֮£Ŵգ澲һƬаϲ˹ȻʶȤԼˣȻ˺£Ϣҷˡ
̧ƣ׼ŷĴǡ飬飬顭ȥˣţٿš
ԭأüͷøˣһ˿ԤС
ˣȴûָӦɷ׷Цģڷ䣬߽ԺУŷǰһĻͬΪһǸŷе˾ͻ߳
ȻûϵȻһݵǣɼžôﵽʱͬ׹ȻһȻһƴɳĴŵĺԨ
ţ޷֮ͬһֻƲ顱һͱķɶɫ˲ת԰ףۡһ³һѪ
ֱʱŷУһĮ𣺡ٸ
ֻ֣ٲԣŷ»ָţˣȴɫ䣬֪˶Ÿ֣ȻȻԨ죬ôҲѨΪϽ֮һ
ȻһƷɳֱܺӻУɳȥ
ŷеˣ£


624 ǧ
ɫһ±üΪѿ
ȻԤϣҲû뵽˾䣬ԷһԲϣֱӳ֣涼û¶ͽ˴ˡ
ηɳͬһֻףֻһ͵ǺǰɽУ뻳Уһͻصԭء
ڵϣͷһףֻֽ˿Ȼûеƣûʮ£Ҳָˡ
úݵֶΡ
һԭ紺˲ˣǵһ
Ԩ˵㣬˲ֱӶ֣飬ʵϽ֮Ϊɸҳ棬Ҳʥһս
ʲô
ԣٴһ
ʥȻϽһһ˵ˣѹ˷ɣ
˻Ȼֲ
Ͻ壬һУ˵ԨֻǱеſԴȱǲʥȴ߷ʵӥ۳ƣˡ
ɽԼһĵһˣҲϽڵһһ֣λ֮ߣʤѩڽĵλһС֡򡰾ʿ֮ơ
֡˵ѧʿȴ˵ĳֵĺ
Ԩ֮ΪѣһΪܳãɺɡ
ɺɣ¼޵ɽԼһļԺƣԺɺΨһһӣǲʥ
˵Ĺϵ֪
ԭһ²⣬û뵽Ȼģ˿ԨſԴҲûԭģΪǧ·;һλս޲ʤʵǿıڲ࣬벻ſѡ
˲ɸס˺Ϣ
ŷеλˣԷͬΣƲ磬һоͻʯһܳĵӣɼΪ
ʥӹ֣ʵҲԶ廨ͷһԨɱȣڲʥսϽһ˶ŷеظ֣ؽһ춯صķ֮սǲ֪ŷеˣ֪˲ʥͷҲҳӦս
һʱ棬ľԺУš
Щ⣬û뵽һ䣬Ȼǳǿս
ŷУǸĮʥĻֹϢڣǶضٴȴǺ޾ɫһЦ
ҵ˭˴󵨣Ұǧл䣬ȻʥıףǾͲˣҿ㻹ǿλһ㣬£磬Ѿһʬˡ
ôĿ
ʥȻŭһȣãȻ㲻֣Ǳֲˡһȭˣ¾ʹա
䣬һֻȻ̧ȻʳָһһͷȻһӡ
һɫȭʱƿնʵХֱ֮ŷ֮ڵӡȥ
մ֣
ɫ˸۾һһȭϷŹһ˿һҪһȭУʶϽһ˵ķɡ
ȴɫȭŭˣŷǰȴֱӴֽȴûҡ֣УȴȻһƺߣȭѴ뷿ڡ
ƿջڳ˼ûвģһȭŷĴ鶼£ʥڵһȭֱ뷿Уȴ˴ֺֽһµģڳˣȴòϣˣûı¡
ȻǸȵǣ˵Ӧԡ
һȭ죬ţоȻٴ霼ƺţ뺣ǡ顱Ȼһ죬ƶԷ˺Ӱ졣
ȻΪʱǸٴɵģ䵭Įޱ仯
Ͻ֮ףҲôȻˣҲһаɣ
䣬ŷУ׹ٴζȻһһ̣͡һХһ˸żºƴֱӺ鴰һĴʮźŷǰʥ
ʥ״΢ȴ޾ɫȭͷһգһһȭ
飡
һ죬ɢһ澵Ȼѣصı֮ȻʮϸСĺâֳңͬʱʥȫѨ
һƲȻģֻɽɣ̾ڳûмӹ֣ȻһߣΪ˳һ
ңӾǣһɲǸӣɱУڽڽ֮һ˲һʮӹ죬ϣʤ
Ȼ֪һ˲˲ʥֺһУصɱУͿʥôӦˡ
ʥһ֪ܡ
ƾ֣ȫ⣬ıܻڵϣһʮϸĽâ϶ȫеϣʱ򣬾һ޻·ˡ
ԣĿ֮£Ҳ
һȻ鵭Ϊ粻ת
һ̣顭һϸ΢죬нâϣȻͬнʥתӰΧһȦֵɫнâȫ飬ΪԪʧؼ䡣
һһãʤܣ
һ̣ڳˣɵ̾˳֮Ӧ֮ݣҲΪʥŷλ˵һ̾ǧ
ǧҪΪһ鴰ΪʥʵģΪľǻߣΪһ⽣ɱһ
ϧ˲ʥʵһ޹
˵ʵ֮ˣɱƵòʥ˴£Ҳǿ󣬾£


625 ĳ
УͻȻš
˵Ԩ³ȫɾȡԹˡ
Ϊʦūʥǧ򶥼֣ȴ֮ǰôҲû뵽ġ
֮ǰӦԨΪвʱûע⣬Թȥˡ
С˲ŷ֣ŷУ˶һɢˣһ£ϥǰһŽɢһɼį⣬ѩ˪
һʯͷǿıӰ˾ȻоĴڡ
ǧС
ǸԳưǧеˣʥԳһУʤضǿ
һһƬֽƬƾշסڣǰһʧŷٴλָ֮ǰļžû˸С
ǧУܶ˶û֣Խ쿪ʼԴ˿̿ʼǱؽޱȵľηݣΪ磬һǿߵ硣
ʥɫ˱䣬ͷĬ
Ƭ̺ˡ
˵꣬ܣֱڶʮŷУûỻ֮¡
ֻ֮ǰһۣĿ䡣
Ȼ壬뿪ıӰĿ˼
ûпȴԼʥһȭȻһڲλȴɱһиһϸϸĻڣֻ̫΢Сû˿
Ҳ˵һеĶԾϽһĲʥȻ˰С
˵һСۣʥһͱȲڵذˣһϣȷ˰У޿ʵ
ԣҲڴˣף˵ǿֻзŭϢˣȥ
ڲʥ뿪ŷĿ⣬ͱøӾ죬𺳣һ˿˼ˡ
˭ǿ󣬾ȻϽһսƽֻ֣֮ǰǧ֣ôһ˵û˵˲š
Ͼ򣬸콾ǣֻҪǳ߳һԼ֡
˵ʵǿϾ߹˲̫ȫû˵֡

һƵ̾Ϣ
Ȼ֮ǰǸ¸ݵٴƮƮ֪ڣȴֵһ𾪵Ϣ
ʮǰϾ֮ף߰棬桯ӵĵӣڳôֻΪȴýѵԼݣֻӵġ޺쳾ȷǵһʹ伣Ҳǿϧ
У˵꣬һ˿Ϣ
ȻոϢľԺУȴڷˡ
ʲôŷеˣ½ͰǧУȻǶʮǰϾ֮׵ӵͽܣ
ôܣĵΪβõѧѵ츳ȵ츳Ӿˣӽܳ𣿡
ԴӶʮǰ徳һս֮󣬾ʹʧû뵽һӣٴλصϾʿޣժڣصǿ̨ˣٴλյ𣿡
Ͼʿޣÿʮ꣬һףףͱδʮУ޵г䵱һ
һʮ꣬徳ʿ޵ĿǡߺߺУҲֻˣǸףʮˣڶѣֻɽܳͬ
ϾʿޣʮǰһףǵʱǸųǿһ߰е˳ơ桱ӡ
ݴһ뻯ѧ޺쳾磬˾Ϊǵ֮֮
ֻһ£ͻȻʧͬһ棬ɻ
ǸϾ°ڵһ㶼ûĶ֣ǸϾ֮ĵʹ½õ֮棬Ҳûмʤùġ
һ֣޻쳾ֿնɣֿڤ
˶˵죬Ͼʿ޵İ桱ӣֿնɡڤ
ϧǣʮ֮ǰϾףֿնɡڤڲμϾʿ޺󣬾ͻ򣬿ޱչˣԵ徳ޣûߺ֮С
棬ȴǴϾμ˵ʱ徳ޣȡõΣǵ
Ķ콾
ڣͻȻ꽣ͰǧУȻĵӣһ£ܶ˵ɻӭж⡣
ȻɲΪʲôҪýһܣϽ֮ײʥһսʤڶȴһΪʮ顣
˺ɣսȥʥһǰǧеĶ֡
ҲͻȻף֮ǰʥһΪλͻȻϢģԸټ׷ȥˣΪףټ׷ֻ󣬷ȫ˰ǧе

һ粨ͻȻƽϢֿɿ˷׷׻ط
ƽȴ˼ճֵ⼸ˣжǿ
˲źȻ֣УʵӦֻĴ󶥼֣ǻһ
УΪǿһ
Ϊʼգû¶棬ֻƾ仰ȴ˵Ŀ⣬һж˳Ļߡ
һָ˽¸˻֣ԨмɵӶͷ׼ˡ컨Ůʦū
ʦū֮ԨֶһתŷĿˣǳҡ桱ӵͽܣ꽣ͰǧС
ڶ仰ָ˰ǧеݣ˶²硣һĪչʱ
ףǧп϶ǸոճģûüչʾԼΪȴһٵϢڳ˶졣
ңڳ֮ˣ֣ǰǧУʥʦūˣһϾص֮ӣӢš
ˣ׷ǲǾסľԺжȷ˵˵Ϊʵ̫ǿˣǿ󵽣Ѿأģ˵һий٣˵׷
һ֣ͱƽ
ֻǿϧȻԸ¶棬ʱ˿϶ҲҲֻܵϾʿ
ţȻͿ϶ʼįʱֻҪ˳ֵı֣Ҳܲ²ͻȻ粨Ժηʥ

ľԺУڰҲ߻ط£û˼֮¡
˲ʥǧеһսͷӽˡ
һʥͷͬΣüƣ޾Եʤ㡣
ټһǧУʵڲʥ֮ϣΪɵ
аУ֪˶ϾеĶ֣Щ֮ܺܳǰʤѩǶСеȡ
ЩҲһ֮ǰİǧУûû͵ⳡʢᣬһˣͻȻɱأ
㣬Ͼ֮ˣΪԵμӵģ˭ֲµ׼ֵж١
Ʃ統꣬Ͼţպã֮ʱϾ򣬶ûһĶ֣ʹֿնɡڤҲв
գȴûгΪϾףûзڤľһսΪʱǡأܿһս
գҲһ㣬͵ؼ룬μӵоʿޣΪһ֮ףμ徳ޣųΪߺ֮һ
һʮ꣬徳֮׷ֱǣףḡϾڤа䣬оá
գڤа䣬ḡˣδܲμ֮徳ޣΪ¡
һʮһ徳֮ޣؽǹϵΪ붦ʢһ죬ϧǿȱϯδУһ徳޵ĹâЩ
ˣһ죬ָǿ֮һ˳Ծ

һĽŲȻֻˣȻȹ棬
һ̣ľԺĴȻ󿪣һȺɮֳ־ͭмӵһɮߣȻ̤ľԺš
ղڴµˣȫҳ

һʯǧˣʮĸ˲俪һ룬߰ˣ̽ͷԺС
ɮʱɫһ䣬Щɵصĳõɮ֮һɣ
ãʦˣ
Щ˲䷴ӦǱղ֮£ԲżҴҸִˡ
±ϾǷʥأ°֮һַʢᣬɲܲɭϡ
ղ֪ɮԨ죬ԺΧ֮ԽԽ࣬ԼҪһѪͻʱػӭɮ˲ˣ֪Լֳֹӣæ롣
һʱûǽȰܣΪǼˣڲ֪ԭȥĳõɮȥˡ
鲻ˣµĳãרƹɣǶڶ⣬ֶһϿ˽ݣַ֮
ֵʿʢ֮ʱʥԨǧУȣľԺ£㶯µɮˣ֮ˣֻ½춼ˡ
ЩֻЩȴ̷֪֮أͬܣǣɫ쳣ѿ
νĳߣֳƽߡ
Ϊ·ڣ´£ȡ䡢˵ʱô˳ߣʷأܽר֮ʵý֮ơ


626 粨
ǽֹǶýԼеĵطǽߡ
µУߵĵλϵģΪߣֹǷŷá
ֽģ룬Ѵɷ
µľȸߴڣ޷𣬱ػߣԽΪΪĿ꣬ղܴﵽĳң׵ľ硣
µĵµһ£̾𣬶ǹߣֻгģ̤֮·
µĽߣ볣ΪһЩ˽ϷʹõһƬľӣвġ
µĽߣ⣬жġ
һƬľƳɣԴ󣬳Լߴ֣֣һһ֣ı档
Сߴķ֣Լ֣һ磬ͬı档
м䣬ľťҪֽ䷨Լʾ֮¡
¹ĴߣֵͬҲǲͬʽǱǴ˵еν䣬˵ĳߡ
ĳ߽ԹڷĳãԷĳãʵǸƶѡ
ƣӦǼԺ߽ããõȣƹڼ͵ĵطһµĳãҲƹ¹淨ͣԺһЩ˵Ϊгͷ
µӣԱֻҪڣκΪĳùϽץУ
ĳã¸ÿеĵλǳߣҲǳҪ
ĳõɮҲǳش¼漰ǻǲġ
һҲ˵µԡ
һ׹ϾʿٿĵڣڣµĳüͷأһҪ֤İȫҪ֤ʿ޵ٿԶκһ紵ݶС
ʱԨʥȣڲμӴ޵ʮסľԺ£벻ǵעͷŭѡ

Ժʮع󣬵ǧ䣬ڶ࣬ͽµһڵķɡ
ĳΪԺ֮һλڰԼ޺ö֮ϣ֮ס
ĳõΪɮһԺҶɮʦܣ£ʣλֱɮ֮һ
ɮף죬أգ飬壬ɣ򡭡ȣʮΪС
ֱǽڱߵĴڡ
ֱɮĿǰֻһˣҾݴʧ֪
ǱǿһλҲΨһķǿߣ۷壬Ҷɮ
ҶֻĽзڱڣķУʵǽСҲ˳֮Ϊʦ
ʦµһˣҲ½һˣݴ׷۷ٶ꣬˲ǺȻʧ٣֪ڣпͻ׾Ϊ½ǧĵһλ׼棬Ƴ½ͻڵĴš
ϧʹµӣѰʮ꣬Ҳټ
ܶ˲²⣬ĿܣѾˣֻµĵӲţҲܽܣ仹ϡ
ʦ֮£λӣֱΪػɮҶɮɮɮصɮʥɮرɮ
УɮӢţڶʮǰ򼩲һħͷͬھֱɮ
ֹʮ꣬ߴɮУʵߵĵʥɮ֪ΪΣȻ£ʧΪʱ䶯µһţֱɮ塣
һսµʮֱɮĵصɮΪֹһսҲ˵˵ʥǵﱻ٣һΪϣΪһˣڲؾճд𾭣ٲ¡
׳ҲʹһΣĪһǰ´ֵҶɮƶ飬ڷһΧ죬
µֱɮӴ˽ģһˣ˷ˣĵֱɮѾֻλˡ
ֱɮУεҶɮִ´֮λģĴɮĵػɮ
λִĳãرؾԺһбȽϳڵķֱɮΡ
£һĳУִƴȨʹģҲνɮ꼣ϣɡ
Ϊɮ֮һɵĵλɼһ㣬ȻԳ棬һ粨ȻС

˵ģȻҲ˻ɡ
ȻɵλߣԨʥǧеȣ㶼Ǹš
ǼˣҪôӵĳǧΪܣҪôΪǿᣬݾˡ
ˣֱǣǵô
ֻ²á
ûг䶨֮ǰ˭ҲҿڣȻƿ˴û
һ£ɫ࣬絶̵ķߵǸԭصĻ֪ɮǰڣ飬Ȼû˳ָϰɣ
ǡ
֪ɮҵһָʮţʮţ˺ţԼʮ˺ŷĿˣˡ
˵꣬ûκͼӴףղŷ£ԭԭձƵظһ顣
ȻִĳãʢΪֱɮȻҶ
һɫĵķɣ֮Ŀʱָĵڶʮŷ䣺ʩʩиղŲµİʩʩʩʦʩһɣ
ǣҪѽ
Ȼ˺ŷУһµĻ߳ɫ΢䣬в䡣
˭Ҳһǳ֮꣬в죬ĳõ˹ʣȻҪͷһ󣬻˭Ҳܲˡ


627 һ

ŷУһöٴ𣬲ȴһ˿
Ϊµһڣ²֪ж٣صǿ˸һĺܴ󣬸Ƣһ󡣡
ҪǳڴأԼɡ
ֻѱ֮ǰϷԨǸؿµĽҵһţ컨Ůʦū
δƮջͬʱҲԳͶ¹صս
䲻£Ͼдв룬׷Ҳ֮һ
ڣȴֱԵԼڴϣҪԼ߳ǲܣҪµļнķӴ֮ϡ롱ȴЩЩΪЩˡ
̲סЦҲ
Ҫ֪֮ƣϾһò绨ŮӣֻǺű˻ٵò˷ɫ֮ѡ
ټϣ˭Ҳ֪ڷڴϸʲôʲô·Ǹɴû·
һЩҪҪץȴǴٵץżȻʲôÿ򲻸ģʱɾʹˡ
¼ȻųƽߣĽģ䣬Ϊ˴֮ˣȴԼҲ˽֮һǾЦˡ
ţʦʩ
ɮΪ׵Ļ½ɮɣüͷ΢壬˵£Թ͸ƫУҪλҲһʣȷΥ棬Ե¹ʹûУҲԩλʦʩҪһѣǾͲҪִַݻˡ
ߣ
ԣʦūһ£Ȼٲ˵ԳĬԿµִ
λʩأҲǺʦʩһ˼ô
ĿɨӹΧԺӣȻʮͬʱ򿪣߳վǰģֻһˣҲʲϡ
֮ףԨʥȣһԲδ
ɫ࣬㳲ŭֻǵ˵
ڣŷУһƬţֻһߴȻǧҲʡ
Ĭһ£ʮŷУʥԶԽĵ
ɴʦʥŹ¹أֻСԽǳԱģ¶δͳɴ¹ʣżģһʥϽԣ壬лµĴ
ɽգһһ
Ȼǡʿʥ֮ǰһܵ˵ԨûҪ߽µĴѯʵ˼
Ǹ³ˡ
ҪԺеģ޲Ǹľ콾ҪôĳѾõĴҪôҪǿӲĶ֣ץ˵ǻ᲻ᷴ㲻ᣬҲˣֻ°С
׷ڲ£ȴֹͳͷϾʿ޾еش󵱿ڣֻ˾ִۣܡ
ǣΨһķδ飬֪٣һս֣֮ڵһڤɥһսУάϵʱ
ʱʾҪ˾Ʋӣ˼̳ˡ
á
ʥ⣬˱ΪɻԥΪѣû뵽ȻһڴӦ˲ʥҪ
˷׷⣬Ϊǲ֧ȫʱ򣬷ɵһȴֲһŷ׷¶ɫ
µ𾴣Ҳࡣ
ʩҪСɮ⣬СɮΪִɵɮ֮һãﲻˡСɮ첻²Ҫ˱µСɮ޼Ҳǵġ
ȻʩˣϽԼңңֵȷǧ壬Ҫ˵һ涼Ҳ˵ȥ
ɡ
һ٣ĿΨһվԺеĻ껨ӹȻɨŷŷʮ˺ŷͣڶʮŷĴϡ
ɮ·ǡһҪôֱӳȥˣʱٷͲˣʱСɮ֡
λڼôСɮɣӣΪҲѨ۷壬λ֮ϡ
ʩʩƶɮһƣܽ£Сɮ̾ߣմ£Сɮһ絣£Σ
УλҪСɮһĳˡ
ţ
ľԺˣЩ죬û뵽ɾȻһ
Ȼеɮִĳã϶ʵˣֻУǰʮ֮УԺ֮ˣҲûһǼ򵥵ġ
˵ǶǼ֮֮ͣǸΪܳһСˡ
˵ǵʵȫжߣҿԣʥǧλ򶥼֮콾ʵһǿ֮¡
˵Ϊڷ֮£ڣҲÿһԽףԽս
ڷȴȻ˵ֻҪ˸һƣ¾ʹ˰ݣȴЩЦΪڹʾΪǽˡ
ʮŷУһ£ȻʥҲûϵɻһ취
һ£ֱӸߣȻϽԼҵĴҲ𣬵Ҳ֪һòҲû²ưոݣ׹
ˣ˵һƣѵĽ취
Ŷ԰ģţ˵ӷһƣʮưƣȫʩΪ֮£սʤʲô££ȻԷ˵һƣ⣬ûзϡ
á
ճһ£Ӧ˷ɵҪ
ʩأ
ʥӦڳ֮䣬ɫ䣬תŷеİ°ꡣ
ʼɼȻ˰ΣһͬʯŷӲ
ԡ
ʥǧоѴӦɵսһʱ䣬ȫԺȺ鼤ܣ˴ӷ߳뿴ɮ֮һķɣжΪһưѲʥͰǧн
߿ʥͰǧеֲֵס¶ɮ֮һķɵһ֮
ʮ˺ŷеҲߵǰŴ򿪵ǵ϶⿴ȥûҪ˼


628 
á
ɮɵͷ΢ЦׯϣĿͣһҲŭĿȴȻһĸоźͶʮŴڣʩʩȻڣ֪λʩһλԣ
ɣ
Ƭ̣գʮŷУʥ峹Զ
Ҳ֪ͷȽʧܣȽЦʤǰܣһӦս߶еõĦĻᣬȻҲһ
ֻޱ֪ҪǧᵭĮˣԶҪͷǼǲܵ飬ͽΣԼڣӦŲ¡
Ͼ¼˵ףȷΪԨģǧвǹ
Ԩ˲棬Ͻ׹òӣ˱ĺ⽫ϽĲʥȻܵ顣
ңҪǣԼʵҪ·ɡ
෴Ҫһ£ҲȺ֪ϽСʥȴƽһսȻ⣬һ濴ҲδزһսԼ
ԣ޾սսȻڡ
ǾʩԺаɣȻȭۣ˵ŴǾСɮˣ
˫ֺʮüĿϢްƺһؿռ䣬ɢһ˿˿ζȻһ徻ȱ֮⣬Ȼ˵
Ҳãһ˽£ʥȻ
Ż֨ѽһڣʮŷĴŴڴ򿪣ʥһϮƮƮĿش߳ɶʮվá
ʩСˣСɮһƣΪơ
䣬ƮƮһƴƺûʲôҲûʲô׼£ϢƣͨϰһЩׯڰʽһһĳ
ǣһ֮ԭһֱɫɣĲʥȻɫ䣬ɫȻʱһģǷ緫
һ̣١һ˫ȭգһȻȭϵһȭ
䣡
֮ϣƷӿССľԺУٿ֮䣬Ȼƺһ˿
һɫǿڲʥһĻۣȻķɮˡ
ϽԼңǧش
䣡
һƵĺ죬ʯɽɳԺ׼ֵˣͷȻһ˿ףȻȻɫһ´䣬׷׳ȥ
飡
һӺ󣬵ɢȲ֪ϸȥʱ
ȴƳУһƽվʥм䣬һ޴ĿӶ
ǣʥ˺˼վڿӶԵһƬңʯ̵أ°Ҳմƻ࣬Ǳ߸һ˿Ѫ
Ȼһƣûôܡ
ɣƽüĿվеҲջأƺûжҲûгʲô
˫ֺʮĲʥһ䣺ӷ𣡡
ֻʥ˷ֱ粻ʤٿɣʤ֡
Ϊ˿̣վ֮أһƬƽɣأûֺܵƺһһֱڱǣ弤١
ԣƽȶŵˣһΪݣվ·һȴԭβ䣬ȻӸ£
ԱȽºۼѿһƣʥ˵㰵ɮ֮һķɣˡ
ۣ
ʥŵɫͦ⣬ΪԼȻһƣܿ콫ȥҽѪ³Է㾡ȫһƣ϶Ҫˡ
Ȼһ̧ۿȥʱ׻ɫȻһס
ôܣ
Ȼվ·ǰϴĻɮɣڣʥһЩӿѪѹ£ޱįĵĳˣƾá
£ȴ޾ͳޡ
ԭƵᣬƺֺֻҡͷʩҴҲͬСɣСɮһƣռ˵˺Ͷѣ׵ضδнվ档
գͷϽԼңȻǧ壬СɮǰԣʩֻҪܽСɮһƣ¾ʹ˰ݣȻʩѾƣСɮʹڴٲ׷ʩȥɡ
ţ
ʥû뵽ԷʤˣȻһŹԼ
̧ۣӵؿ˶ԷһۣȻˣԷһʼûҪԼô֮ԱԼˣһ֮ԼΪԼµԼ¹أñ˽󲻸Խ
һƣ׻Լ
һԣĨ飬ȴʾµĿݣֻ˾η
û뵽ȸͷȴȸˣԷˡ
һڼǼƣöԷȫû뵽ԼȻµɮ֮һʥȻЦջסˣؿ˶ԷһۣƺҪѶԷС
ȻһȭлɸɮĿʥϽ壬ز֮
˵գҲԭشȥһĨǵѪǿţ߻ضʮŷ䣬Ȼ顱һŽգϢ
˽Ĭһʱ֪˵ʲôá
еգš
뵽ɮ϶ΪˣҲû뵽˵˵ز
ûʥһӮҲû뵽ܵ˳ףĿ
һ֮Ҳ绮ãȻ޴룬ȻԼ˶ҡ
Ͻһ˲ʥӲ¶ԷһƣԼЩڼڸһǶŵǣ´ڵһɮǰʲô
ѵԼͶŵ֮Ĳࣿ
Ȼ˻ɥҲиˣΪʥȻܽ·һƣԾ
ڿԷƽʥȻˣɽ˷ǺһʾԶеΪͬ˲ɲĿΪ֮𺶡
˾ǰˣһսʢڵӣҲ·ڣҲˣ·֮һӴ˾η
˵ɵ֮ĿѾﵽ


629 
Ȼ뵽һ⡣
֮ǰ˵ҪʥǧиһƣڲʥѾսܣǧпɻûпʼһսӻǲӣ
ӣĿ֮£Ӧе飬ؽڶ˵ĳЦ
ӣǧеʵҲʥ٣ôһӮˣʱȲÿ
һϽһ֮ףһȴǶʮǰϾס桱ӵͽܣݽǲСȴµһɮ֮һսֵʤܸ˹ġ
ʩ룡
һսʤϽһĿףȴ޶ٻɫƽһ˿
վԭأɮ޷Զת΢΢תͷŷķ򣬺ʮ˵ɴĬһ̣Ҳû˸Сˡ
һϮͨɮ֮£ŵȴ۲ŽĪ
ߣ
ȻŷУһߣǧеĪ𣬡ɮȻ鴫
䣬׹һŷУͬȻһִգһ⣬ƻ򷨿ɱϮף伲硣
罣
վԭأգƾ˵һ˫ƺʮͷ΢Ц
ʩĸͽһѾ۷ʱʩõĿɲǽ
ˣ
ſȻһ£˲䣬һͬһöɫַȻײŷзɳǵ֮ϡ
һ̣飡
һ죡
ľԺУȻһ˶ס۾һ̣磬˵졣
âɢȥٿʱȴŷ䣬ɾŲϢվԭصķ֮ϣȴ֪ʱһѪۡ
ţ
Եţ
Ĭ
ȻǾԶĳĬ
˶ûϵ
֮ǰ˵ǣʥǧиһƣ¾ʹ˽
ʥҲӦԼˣϧܶ顣
ڣǧȴƣȷȻһط棬ֱƴȥɮˣȷС
ͬһ֮Լͬ
ɲִ֮£ȻҲһУǣû뵽ģǧеһУı仯ģһ߶Ӱļν
һʱһεĽѾǰ
ջǸӦˣǲִһ£ܹҪȴ̫ûȫܹϱǵһѪۡ
һ˵˭ʤ˭ˣϾǧʤ֮䣬õ͵Ϯ
ϣȴȷǷɰˣһƼգ澡ʧ
˶ûϵǣȻһһգɮˣȻԾɱŰ͵ɫȲֲգϵĵ˵ͷ
ƶɮˣʩһʩչĲ罣ӦǸӰ罣ɣʵʵ飬ȷһϹ潣
ƶɮˣմ£ʹ˽ҹʩʩɰϢˡӷ𣡡
˵꣬ת㳯ȥȻҲͷһۣҲûȥϵĽۣǣ߶֮ϣȻһ㵭Ľ⡣
һ̣ٿһϵĽۣȻʧӰ٣·ڹ
۾һĻȻĪǿ£һɮˣʵ˵ֻ𾪲ѡ
µľη
Ȼ֮ǰɲδȫȻȿ֣ܰǧһǼ٣˵ֺ
ڣȴ˰ˣȴûΪ˶а߳ŭǴȵֱŵת뿪
뿪֮ǰ̾һǧеĽ֮߳˲̾д֮ͬʱҲĺøٿ
֮ǰԺĲ죬һ˲ʧӰ١

뿪ˣһĳɮ֮뿪
ľԺУٴλָ˼ž
һصĲƣֻ˶ţղŷһĻ
ʮŷ䣬ŷ䣬Ȼɥ
ʵһսģǶµľηͺøУҲǶһսľʺתƽкãǺȻԼղųֵλʤǰܣԼսĴڡ
ǲʥǰǧеĸӰ罣޵жľѧûһԼһսʤ£һƻһ£ľԺеĴ󲿷ˣؽܱ
붥ֵʵ

ʮ˺ŷУҲջͷ
ѸղһĻ۵׵ͬ̾ڲʥͰǧеʵʤǰܣǳ뿪͵Ϯʤϵһ㣬ǵʵõ˳ϡ
УҲһ˿ȸС
ʥͰǧУȻڸԵ콾ϾҲǰǰʮʵÿ
ˣϸǿˣǲһܻʤ
ղʹʧܣʧȥμ徳ʿ޵壬Եصءд壬񲻵һȫλԼĻᡣ
ܿܣҲ뷨Ҫһλᡣ
ܴʧ


630 
д壬֮أҲһд֮ڡ
˵ǧ۵й챦Уңÿһλʥʣǰ봫д壬ԼһĸԼĹڣ̽ھ
֮ڴˡ
տʼǲ˿ŵģֻĶӣнвĻᡣ
Ϊһδ䣬ʥʣ⿪ڣжй⹱ףڸʿȡôʤʮöǮˣлᣬУһԻԵ
ĿǰΪֹμʷޣޣܹҲֻջöǮʮö֣úԶ
Ͼʿȡÿɹ۵ΣҲζţԵ徳ޣʱܴʮöǮò봫дĻᡣ
дʮһţ徳ʿ޵ٿʱһǡǡ徳ʿ޽֮ûá
Կ˵⴫д壬½ŵһʢᣬܶඥǿߣУõµϣãףʦãС
ʢᣬȱϯ
ԣΪԼĽǲȱϯⳡ޵һʢᣬҪϧһдۣϾʿȡÿɹ۵Σɹ徳ޣȡٳöǮ
лᡣ
ҪһУȣҪӵдܲʥǧе˵ʵҲսʤҲͲ˵ˡ
ԣص֮ٴβһĴԼȡϾʿʽʼ֮ǰһ¥
ĿǰӰںϵӰذ£ƷչļٶһһУڼѲڴ󲿷ˡ
棬󴫳еĵƷѧ֮һǰĵӵǿ
µǶСпµϾѧ䡷֮⣬ķһϣ˴ˡ
ڹһϣԴ̰壬пܴﵽƷͼžǣľδȫ֮ǰԶ޷ӳ½ںʽѴﵽȺ۵ĵز
ԣһȻҪﳤ̣ܶóһǿķ֧ӰתþǿٶȺܣϿԷգȡʤ
ӰںӰذ֮γɵµѾʺٽԭ֣Ϊﵽ߰Ӱ֮ٶٿ죬ӰʧԽԽ
µֱӱΪӰǽӰ񹦰ǰ֣Ҳɾ󣬱еһص㡣

Ҳ˳صԼУԺԻŸղս
겻ѣҲ̼ܵ˶Ŭ̬ץʱȡڰºϾʿϣȡøߵΣⶼˡ
СʱԺٴδŲɮܲʯϣѵ룬һʱԭѾƽ£һսģˡ
ڶ賿
նϼµĽ֮ϣʾǧ
ɮΣ󣬸ĵ½̻Իͣ񾳡
һҹƣۣȣȻûͻһؾ磬Ҳ˿ɹ۵Ľչ
ľ֮ȻУٶҪƽȣٵöˡ
⣬Ӧþľðɡ
ţ
׼ƿţԺʿչչʱȴȻȻһˮɢԺٿȻһɳ֣ſļ
ӣλŮʩ⣬ȥ
Сɳ⹧غ
Ŷ
ųȥüʵλŮʩɱ
Сɳֵ˵Ҷһ֪
ԭˡ
ԣ˲׹Ҷɡ
˵أֻҶһ֪סľԺʮ˺ţ֮⣬ҲûбˣټСɳ˵ŮʩҶҶɲżˡ
Щɻ󣬲֪Լʲô£ѣȻԺ⣬Լܲһ
Сɳֹ˹֣лˣȥǣԱ㣡
õģӣѴСɮǡ
˵գСɳְ˰֣ٴγһȻæ˳ȥȻҪæ
״ͷһЦҲʰʲôֱӹϷţȻߵľԺſڣȻҶһϮ£¹ӣվ΢΢һЦֱٻʢ
ڿϳˣû뵽ľԺͦϣҸ˻ͨ鷳
Ҷ״ƱԹ˵ɫڣȻûľί
һЦʵҲ͵һΣˣŵɮҲͲΪˡԺоסĶǲμսĸ֣ÿҪץʱѰ˴ţҶɣ˻ӭȻڴС
Ǻǡ
ҶһЦҲû˵ʲôڵˣ㿪ЦˣһһµģϾµһڣҲһǵһʤûĦһԺûġ
š
ԥһ£ջǵͷӦҲãûȥµ̨Ҳսʱеס
ȻҪͬףڴʱĻҶɳһ£Լսǰɵ״̬һյøӽҪ
ҶɼȻѣҪȻܾܾ
߰ɣ
˲ȥΪвϤǵڶҲûнԺ
һ룬ץסһ·ɮ£Ҫһ򵼹һҲùЩطǲĵطЩط棬ֵһۡ
Ȼ˵ĿˣܶѰʮ򵼣ֻҪڴһк
ɮ·ɿܻȥܿһСɮ۹⡣
λʩСɮ
Сһĵӣλ΢ҲȻδãɱ˻úöԣҶˣҲ˶
ͷǰ·ɿص£ΪԺʮعģȻԺ
÷ֱΪĳãҲ׳ƵĽãǵʦ޺ãҲǴɮϰеĵطڷֱһɮΪĳϡãϰȭš󷨵ȵĵطǷгϣȭһ
ԺֱԺ֤ԺԺҩԺԺĦԺԺټʮ֮׵Ĳؾ󣬱£ʮҪˡ
ҶɣƵƵͷ
Ȼ׹ھķֹЩԺȴǲ̫ϤСһһ֪滹ôི


631 ǧħ
Ľ˵ҶɣҲڽЩԺľֹµĸһŵ˽⡣
Բ˵ĳѾʶˣƹܽɵĵطã޺ýУϰȭ
ԺָֹԲͬ
֤Ժɮз𷨵ĵط֤ԺΪڷи衣ԺѧֻΪƽʥ͵һط
ãڸһЩǹؽյĵطõӱؽɣ书ĳˮ׼ߣҲ͡
ҩԺϰҽԺ꣬ԺоűֵһᣬҲԺ֮׵ڣΪҲ˾ηĵطǴĦԺ
ĦԺһа˸ϯλųǴĦ˴ɮܽеģΪΪɮ£ɮһ׷Ҳ塣
ÿһµӽܽĦԺΪĿꡣӴĦԺɮ£ҲΪǿ֮ˣȨ
޺ģУԺӦԺǴĦɮ֮һֻƹܸԺĦԺȻȡѪҺв䣬λ֮
ʮ֮׵ĲؾԲ˵ղһе伮ͷѧĵطҲѧʥ֮һ
ؾףʹ±µӣҲҪƾΪףܽжһеĽ֮һ䱸ɭϡ
ؾرʦĴ˶ĵֱɮ֮һΪ֮Բ˵
һȥһΪĵֱصɮؾУ겻գеü
ֱɮλסڲؾУӡ
Ҫ֪¾ǴĦԺʥɮѳ֮󣬶δ裬ڴĦ˴ɮûһλֱȫǷֱӣͿɼؾڵĵλ
ϾĦԺû˿裬ؾȴµĴصأһȥ˼ˮ³󣬴дʳǧ꣬һ塣

ҶɣУľԺʼһ·ɴأһӰ߲ʯ··࣬ɮдľģеش˳Ծ
Ǳ֣˵Уʯǧ̣󲿷ֻܽΧΧһСƬ֣صأԿѧѧǲöġ
˵滹һãɮĽ࣬Ҳ˽룬ֻԼżƾ
˱֣ɽɽţʤءԼɼҫԱʯʨһԣư磬ˡ
Ѿʶûȥֱƹһ߶С
ִ۱ԶԶһ¥󣬸߸ߴһƬŨ֮ȣǾʮ֮׵Ĳؾ󣬲˲ý룬һͻиɮֹȻźҲӲֱ뿪
ѩͤԺӹ¥¶̨¬µزصʦȵȡ
һ·ۻҶɲ½֮ΰȫԽ𡢻ơɫΪ˵̵Ǻʯ̻Իͣׯϡ
¬ʦɭ࣬һƬƺߡ
ЩԥҶͷϣסߴ٣ԥһ£ջӲͷƤߡ
һߣһߵӣҶʵڲģǧħ£аħɮͽӷڵڣƽձɭɭֻĿԱͷӣ´󲿷ݵӶԸ
ǧħ֮󣬵һƬ򣬽ãӵ֣ͨſͿԽĵطһ㲻·ҪһԶ·ӺҶﲻѰˣӦòẦ£·Ҳ޷
ţ
Ҷɲգգ۾û뵽󴳣ǾȻӽµĽ֮һǧħ£طֱֻ֪ͬѰ⵹һȤ
Ҳ֪ǵȵطӲĵط϶иɮػµӣǾѿġȻ϶ȲؾĽɭϣҲС
һ̣ȻʹҶɵΪ֮ȵطҲоһɭ⣬ƺľйգǼ˵󣬵ǲ¡
ΪµӣӦֵط൱ԣǿηηӣҶɸߣֻѾתˣɼطȷͬѰЩаԡ
ٹһ̣ȻԼ䣬ԶԶһڸֱ罣ƶˣܸߵУ飬ԶԶȥȻʮ֮࣬һֱͨƼ䡣
ϣ֣ЦȻ˵֮Զȴ˲䡣
ҲΧɷΧһԼĽҫȻѹħˣ֪֮Ҳǽȥġ
ǸľҶɣæƹǱߣǰһڸˣвŲһظӡ
˰ΣŻָЦˣ߹ǧħ££㵽ǵĿĵˡ
˼ǰ·ûôɭˣʮֻգǰ󣬾Ȼߵµյ㣬޾󺣡
һһƬ¸£溣ǧɣԼСֱͨ򼸸Сؾ˵ˡ
תĿڿ壬һѪ조֣·ǼƤͷĻɮ£ͷɢĿ£溮絶ˮ棬ƽ
һȥûа㣬ϸ۲죬ܷ֣ʵǵֻڲ壬һө֮⣬Ʈҡƺʱᱻȴһֱǿš
̾ˣʥ֮أҲз֮ˡ
Ȼ֮ͨˣĳãôһҲͰˣʹһЩҲԲܷ䵽Ȼҵĵطܷ絶˪´ĥܾ꣬ĥ
ʹŻȥ϶ҲһϢʹȻҲԻָԭĶʢʱڡ
֪Щˣ׷ʲôĴֵ˴£ҲףôҲڰ˷䵽ȵط
ȵطģ⼸ˣҲԲֻԭеĵλͬСɡ
ϾܹܵĵطҲݣֻһ֮󣬾̾Ϣһһߣ£һƬش
С˵ãӵֵȵشˡ



632 
ãһãڿտҲֻмš
ڵϣѰ·ĵӣϲ˾Լģһȥãֻǵöٵѡ
ģԼĶף̸βѴ
Ҷɵ˸룬ֽûɮߣȻƽʱ˲ࡣ
ʵУǴƫֻã˵ޱȣϸһƣҲһЩ֮ǾǽڣdַӡﵽնȥЧ
µţѩ޳̣һһέɣȻǷֻ¿϶Ҳһ׮
Ϊµһڣе⣬ҲΪ
֪ãֻƣڴ˼ֻ¿϶ٶȴǣֻµӣʶѣԼʱ䣬Ҫһᣬһ
ȻڻʱһǴʱǰҶ£ҲΪڲ࣬˵ء˵زûʲôƣֻҪչʱһҲͲһʱ
ãУԼСʱһЩصĵá
÷̹ʺڻ֮ɫ岼ֲƣУһһСͭӣҵͬǳУۻ֮С
ЦŽ͵˱ӵȻûһһͭӣҲ٣һǧһͭӣɮղء

һָһͨ˼ˮ״СĹͭӣָľĵǽӣµʦޣ̣һƪհ۾Կϣһǧһٰʮ֣ƣҫǧ
Ҷ֮ȥͷͭӣȻӴƥ̧ͷһһƬԿּȭͷСֻȴû˵ƣҫǧĸо
Ŀ⣬ԶʤˣֻҲ
״֪ǲţ΢΢һЦҫ˼ˣӲǷһѰʱǿģֻе̾ģŻ֮һһ䣬ֶŹʿԶѰ̾ʱõĸҪҪöࡣ
˵꣬ϥ£ͷӣ˫Ŀţһʱ¶԰ڣǧʮ˾㡣ʱʳʱ³ֲʳУεѣʳ²ϴѣ
Ҷɼ״Ҳ˺棬һԹۿȻֻСһĵӣҲ͸ɮƽѣ˱ԣһҲģׯϣһõɮζ
ȻȷǲΪµһڣһλɮҲõĵĽڣ費͡
ңǷʱӵȻͬͷӣһʱȻ֮䣬Ҷɷ֣еһģȻͬǧ⻪飬һ硱֡
󣬡ǡҡšִεڵ磬ͻȻյƣһʱҫУ磬ͬͣǧӣ֮ζѣй
⻹ӵӣȻͬΣȻûʲôĹܣȷһɡ
һ£ҶȷϣԹȻˡ
Ҳȫƪ꣬ӵкα仯Ҳûֹһһȥ
ʱȥգ۰ʱһƪվ̵β
ᣬӣŮˣߣڴ˾ľʵȣֶܳУΪ˵丣ʤˡ
һΪλӰ¶磬Ӧǹۡ˵Ǿѣᡣ𣬱ᣬģһ˰ޣŷ˵ԴϲܷС
ˣ
һƪվ꣬Ȼ֮䣬ӵŹͷĽӣɲǼţһһַһңҫýӾȻһʥ֮С
ͬʱǧӵУԶһɲǼӾ꣬ϴȥ
ҶɾȻо˲һ壬һֱˮĿУ嶼·˼֣ڶͷȻɢȥֻ౾ʣϾࡣ
⡭
Ҷɾþûлعֻ֪֮һͨɱȣֻ¾һ챦ȷʥأǾԼġ

ͻȻѣղȻҲգʱ䣬һ²ɫ䣬ˣǧʢգͨɮǲܵ˵ĵģҰˣ±гϸ쿴ǿߡ
ţ
ԣüͷû뵽㡣
뵽ӵ⣬Ҳף˴ˣΪǲźʤǹһ۽ӵ죬ܷйⲻȥ
ץˡ
һ˲һֻץסȻһַֻסҶɵļһ˲ӳ߰˵ӰȻһ̲Ӱһ˲ʧˣѾӵʧ

ûзӦϷǰӰٶȿ۾塣
ʱܹٶȣһʱŵ۴Уæ۾ٿǸо棬絶һᵽɤӿڡ
ʱӦּһػ֣ڣȥָ̧ͷһƣŷԾ˵ٶȣԶȥֻһգۼ䣬ͲӰвһ
ڴʱһɽͷͷӵķһۣȻɮ£ɿٶȲֱͣУ쿴˰Σ쳣ҡͷ֣̾ӵôĪĸͣһСײĳӣǧ죿
һɮҲɻصӦðֻͣ²֪ǧĹؽǱˣ֪ӵı仯ˣҲʲô£ͷȥúòһǣʵڲҲˣô˵ԶֻһȻ϶Ҫһ½նٵģȴ޷
ţ߰ɣ
ĹһۣȷʵûʲôˣһչɮۣٴǷȥת۲Ӱ
Զɽۣ˲ͷ亹૵գӷСɮǷˣͷʦĲҡ
ֵصҲ֮ʧ˵»ǣǺ棬Ҳ˷䣬ûʲôغǣαһҪ˵𷣣
ҡͷеģʦ̵˵ķ֮֪ܸģĪɡ˭˷Ϊͷʵ䣬ɳһҪԺ¼õġ
š
ԣҡҡͷȴ治֪˵ʲôˡ
漴ЦʩҲģҲ֮ʧ˵ֻһûжͷҲͷȥɽ԰ˮ£Сɮܵ
ðɡ
գҲֲֻһƿݸȻˣƿ嵤㣬ǵ⳥޶ܵͷвⵤҩʺ޵֮˳ʣպҲĪãˡ
ôҵ
ǵƿʾӨ׹⣬֪еҩҲȻҪȴЩңص
ţô¸ʲôС
ҶɴֱУҲǵ㲻ܣǱҪѰĪպħţԵ
ҲңСɮ˾ˡ
ԣʱһæ£漴ӦҶɵȰ֮ʣЩڨڨƿ嵤֣̲ססĦԵð֡
ȻϾᣬﲻĵ߾磬Щɮ£ƾͻƽ࣬ٹ챦Ҳ޷ˡ
߰ɣҼλʩȥһʣµ֣յг̲ͽλʩպңȥ۵˺һǣСɮ
ţ
д㣬ȴû˵漴ֺСУҶһд֣յг̾ʹ˽


633 ƺ
Ҳ׹ʵԺ֮һԺ
ееɮ󣬶Ժ𻯣ǻͲԺС
ԣԺ󣬾֣һȥнǧдеľô˵ƾһ˿ɭ֮
֣֮󣬺ɽźЩͬ
ʯСϣƺǾԶǰһЩɮܶЩּģˡ
˵ɴԭǣн֮һһЩϵѧ뿪
ֻЩҶɵ˵ľ˵ԹڴǳһЩ漰һЩԪ֮
ԶˣûжٰûãҲ뿪ˡ
ƻţɽǰСз֣СлȥҶɣȴûصԼסլԺƵִһߣɽȥ
Ѿν̨֮ڣڣȻ²֮ϡ
壬ʮңһʮָߴɽ壬ͱֱ죬ɽ߷壬ֻǱվ
˴߲㣬ԵѡַʱѡƽһЩ壬岢ûбڸɮǡ
иɮڴɽ۴Ӷڣ÷Ӷɾһ˼ҵ
֮ϣҲкܶżǽ̨з£ȵʤ
һΣͽϾʿڵӱս̨˴֮۵ƺ
ƺҲ֮ϵĵһʤȣмһͰƽأԲԼµԴһһ˾ңƽΪһϰ
Աߵľ֮ϣµһɮŷ̵һīд֣ǧ겻١
˵֮ûаѱ̨ڣǽڴˣһΪ˴羰ڣҸ徲û˴š
ͨ˾ΧۣҲϲʡ鷳Ҳ̫ף
ҲΪеӱŵͨӵޣӶڵʥƽͣ갲̨֣裬ѵķ
Ϊ¾֮УûеԶܸһȥҶ׷֮󣬾ͷ뿪ǰȥ
ٶȺ֮죬ȫ·֮£һ·ɿسˣֻӰ
ʮ·̣˲Сʱҵʱ䣬͵յ㡣
ͷȻһΰȣƣʯڣֻпһĵط΢ƽƾʿṦʵǡ
ԶԶȥһصʯֱ֮ͨɽʥԹ¸߾
ҶûжֱӷϣֹԼһʱңڵɽ
Ȼ滷ȣɴ̣Űǣһ棬һڣ֮ϣԼʮҵľ룬һīд֣罣絶һƲһģݺᣬ̸
Ҷһ;ǰƺڷԺжܵһҵĳ弤ɺȻ
µһɮŷ𣬾˵Ϊߴ׾ƺżȻͬΣ֮ܡ
ƺ֮ϣʱѾС̨ͬʯΪ̺̺мһĵ֣Աչʾͬ
Χ棬ʮϯλ϶Ǹ죬еϯͨӣֻվŹۿˡ
̨һģšĺţΪС̨ĽǻƣΧмһ
м̨Ϊһ̨ƿ϶Ҫı̨֮ϷֳʤϾһ֮ʱһ̨
̨ܵˣ١
Ϊʱ仹ûƺϣûˣȿеף֪ȶĵطҲ׼׼ȥ
ȻǶŭХңȻһĸо·ͷȻһ
ǣ
ƹƺıﱳ棬ֻ֮£ŭ˷޼ʣһƬȻѵߡ
ʱǲŲɻȻԭɽ壬Ǳֻǣɽ֮ʱҲ֮ȴûʱ˵˼ң˹죬ĪƬ򣬻ʲôͬѰĵط
Ҷɡ
ϾˣڵţҲԶڶϾأֻѩձõ£˵أμϾʿޡ
Ҫ۶Ͼظµ˽⣬϶ûгشңҶҵҶ˽ö࣬˽
Ҷɿһۣҡҡͷʾ֪漴뵽ʲôȴֲɫһڵҼǵã游˵Ϲһţ֪٣Ҳ˵йأ
Ŷ
ԣˣæߴٵ˵
ҶȴҡҡͷҲǵòǺˣֻǺ˵½ǰûƽȣǾ췭ظɽХиָ㣬˵ǵȣҪȴ˵ֻףűͰȡ
ǣ
²⣬һָƬŭ˷еĺɫ˵


634 ׵
Ҷɽ͵νף˵½ĴأһģΪɳ˵һƬͣЪɳӡκУҲֱɳϯصףΪݹǣա
ѩСȺߡ˵£֮˼͵»Ҫ¼ٶȣ˵Ѫⷲ¾ǽҲ˲ѣ漫µĸߺ飬ûܻŴ
֮أһںۣҹɢħһп
˵ͨ½ͨǧǰһ壬Ӵ˺۳½ɱɱϾΪһƬ棬һŷɱһҳ򣬴Ӵ˲ల¡
Ĵ긽˵һط綴缲絶йŹХ꣬κһ˿ͻͷʹ̣Уᱻ˲ɱĩĪҽ
Ĵ׵أϹ䣬ɲСƻڷֱѹвģҹҪµ֮򣬲ܱƽ
ֻǣħ£ڸһɴ󣬹ͬѹµĶ飬ҲһΪһѹһȴȥѹħƬֲȣʱйӺɿֲѡ
ԭˡ
ԣȴһ׹ΪʲôΧɱʱ򣬰ڳȡڱһ֮⣬һڣҲбǱ¡
ڱ٣ʱ껹ûȥ
Ψһڣ£ʱµĴ֣Ҷʦֵİҳ飬ȴħʱȡ֮Ҳδعħ󣬶ջرڣԭãҪѹ
Ȼֻڣͬ⣬ڽޱƫֻ³а߱в̫󣬿϶ҲˣΣպвˡ
ֻǿϧ
΢̾Ϣһ
û뵽Ϲ䣬顣½ʷǧǰħ֮ңԶ֮ǰ֮Ĺ£һ
ǰ³Ķ飬ǿѹڽֻʣҳҪҵļˣ
ֻǲ֪֪ǲ֪֪ǲӦԵֶΣ
ǣǳħ棬֮֮䣬һٵ٣

΢΢̾Ϣһ֮ҲȻ
Ȼ漰һ½˵飬ڻһССѨܹı˵ġ
Ȼֻ֮ǽڴˣо͵ѹ˼֪ܲ˵صı仯ˡ
Ȼ֪ܰڴ˾ٰϾʿޣȻʱڣᷭʲôˡ
ʹֹգҲ°ҳڴѹһб䶯ǧɮҲʱԮʱٿΣ١
Ҳǲ½ĨȥΣҲף̸
µһɮŷû취飬ҪѹһССѨô
־вѡ

ʶ¹ϽоǧʱţµһڵϺ嫡
֪ǧħµȽ֮أ̾ԹһڵʵĵطãԼӵڣӵ죬á
ڹۿ֮ԼҶɴĴ׵ص֮ӾʱȣʱҴ
ԣ֪ƺ̨ĲԼ֮Ǿûоֱһص£Էֿ
ҶȥĦڭԺľԺ
ʮʱ䣬ûչأһΪԼ׼ʱ´Ѩô˻ᣬԼѨƷףƷƷ
ʱ̨սϣʤ㣬֡

һʱȥ
չŴ£ֻżѼ֣ҶҲûٹţ֪ץʱŬ
ľԺУסˣʣµˣתȥʲôԺӣ֪Ҳùʡ
һνʱʶǼˣˣ˭ЩһһŶʣҲȥ
˵һǳССķ粨󣬲ʥԨȣǽܵѵ֪¹ɭϣ֮Ҳͱð࣬˭Ҳû¡
ľԺУѵõİҲץʱ䣬ŬһԼĶȡϾʿʽʼ֮ǰռڽĴϣһˣ徳
չⶫ䣬תҹ
һ̣Ҵͷ¹⣬ľԺʯ̳ɵĵذϣһԡ
΢紵֦ѾҡΣڵͶ°߲ĴӰ
ʮ˺ŷУȻ۾΢΢һЦ
ͻˣ
ڣת⣬ӿݣƺӺ˲뵽һµľ硣
һڣ
ǰǺ֮ǰΪûľศúǼѡ
ʹٿ̿࣬ҲûаָоᣬӲƾŴ˹ûзǣֻܵһڡ
ֱǺԣˮټҶɵʥǿͻƵһڣҲ˼ޡ
ûľѳɴ
ֱգˮ٣֪ƴӺ򵽳ľҲ֮죬һﵽһںΡ
ڣŹȥҵʱ䣬ڳͻľϣϲߵŬһٽĵһ㣬ѽһڣΪ˼
ڣеûľʱͨƷķҲûʲôαӻɫˡ
иоԼһƺƺܰ泱ش󳱵һܱ˼ΰء
ǵƷİء
϶ǿʱ
ڣҲף䣬ֻҪͬƷǿߣƷµĹԼܵƣʤȻһ֡
ǵƷ
ȳɣʱڣҲ˳ƽһ۷壬ǱֻзôѨһٽѨΪƷ׸Լˣ
뵽
Ȧ漴֣ӴУһƿ
Ѩ


635 Ʒ
ƿʾӨֺ⡣
о飬ҲԥֱӴľ浹һ̴ľɫҩſ븹У漴Ŀ
ʼʱ޸оƬ̣ˡһȻһ˲֫ٺڵ
ƷһηñƷʵĵҩȻȻͬҩ֮ǿ֮֮ǰùһεСѨǿ˲֪ٱ
һ죬һء
Ӳס仯Լյʱ䣬Ȼ۾ͬһţȻһڼž
ӵķУͬһ㱡һЩη϶еĻҳ޴һ˲ɢ
ţʧҳ䣬˵污һ㡣
ȴûйЩЩϲԼĵﲿλ
ֻԭѪľб仯׳࣬ұøϸ壬Өʵʵĸо
ΧѪŨ֬ɢһɶص
ȻҪĲЩ
СѨʱ֮УγɵĵڶѨΧ޾ϸâ롣
ڣЩϸâȻһ˲Сϸȥͬϣ׺ǧǳһһƺǧء
ǳ컯֮ƷѨ
ѨȻֻһţȻƷѨֱһףԭƷ۷壬Ʒµȡ
ֻһƷȴʵķԾ֮
ûԭǿСѨһֱƷΪƷƷ֮ǰǴƷµȽΪƷϵȣͬһ׽֮ڣԽȽס
ǿλףѶȻزͬ
ǣףƷѨĲףԼϡ٣һƷѾ֮ңˡ
ĴֻƷѨܴﵽƷѨģ޼
Ŀǰ֪ӵƷѨģҲͷѩѣ̫ϳϡףԼ㣬һǧ˿Ӧѩ˶ѡ
·Ŵ½˴ţӵƷѨߣҲʮٶ޷ﵽ˵
Ҳ˵һٴԭ̤޵ʱʽͨӣΪ޵磬ΪһСȺ֮һϣƾƷѨһ̤뷨ļʡ
⣬Ϊɹġ
Ŀڲ죬ܵڵٶȣ΢¶Цݡ
˵֮ǰÿһϢ䣬µĵֻʮ֮һеȣάͨսпɣμӴսɻЩǿ׽⡣
ڣڵĵֱ˽һﵽʮһĸʡ
Ҳ˵ڣֻҪýУԺеȱΣˡ
ڳÿһʱµĵҲؽҪġ
Ϊû㹻ĵ֧ţᷨҲǵ޻̸֮ΪȷɹƾҪգΪˡ
ʱȻҲûͻƳɹĿܡ
ԣ޵ڿഫԽѨƷ׸ߵˣͻƷĸԽǸйأһҪԭҲΪÿʱÿµĲͬ
ѨƷԽߵˣֳ֧صʱԽķƷҲԽߣЩѨƷ׵͵ġ
һ̣кȻȸϲ־Ȼޱȡ
˭뵽Ǹӳȥįڣ֮⣬ֱ󣬲űʦ֮Ϊӵгһգܴﵽȸ߶ȣ
Ƶʱпʵ˶жԣ̤ԪѣҪ˵ɾѨ
ѨɾͲˣ˵޵ţƷѨѨڵľ磬Խϵľˡ
Щʱˣ֪һĻʹĲѣ֮ӡ
ΪѾԽǵĲΣԭһǿĶ֮ˣһ죬һأн
֮仯˥֮ɰܣ˭Ҳ˵׼˭Ҳ˵塣

ŸոͻƷѨ˼ȦȻͬ
˵֮ǰֻǻϪٶн
ڣȴǿ;Ϊչһǧ
ΪѨƷʵĲͬٶȸ죬תҲߣٶԭȣȻصĲ
ٶȣҲһ£ܴڵһڣ׵һ۷壬Ϊһ¥
Ƶ˳ڶжΣǺڣ˳ͻƵѨ۷壬ʶ벽ˡ
ʱΪ޵磬ΪһСȺˡ
ΪһλѨ۷壬ǰ벽һЩССңǾ峤һְλˣΪǿߣʵʵڵһġ
ʹڷ칤ɽаɽĶУҲһ֮ʵȨϣߺˣһˡ
ȴǼвá
ٶȣҪ˲佫ڣڣҲһʵ顣
ֻһڵһڣͲ໨˽һʱ䣬лȵƷԽԽѣ˵һڵһ۷壬Ҫٻһ¡
һ۷嵽ڣҪ¡
ͻкڣҪ꣬һʱ䣬пܡ
ң⻹ǿˣǰûϵʱ䣬뽫ƶ㣬Ҫ˵кڡ
ԣҲˣϾʿ޿ʼڼҪģôеֶΣõΣߵӦÿǵġ
ԣѨѾ˳Ҳһƿʱ޷ͻƵ£ְĿ⣬֮ǰ¼ɽׯµӮǽ𽣡
Լ֮ǰǰǺʱڱ·õǺƣкҶǺѰʱõѪˡ
ЩĿǰϣпʱڣԼӦսֶεһЩƷ



636 ɫ
̳ƣ䲻֪Ҳ֪Բ
ڸѩ·;Уһʱ𣬺һڣ漴оԴԴͬ󺣣ٶȿþˣ߻ħ
ΪǾûٵٶȵġ
ǣʮȦ֮Զͣ
ΨһأԴĪһ˿ɫ䣬ĵμ޷Ҳںϡ
ֱľת͸֮ɫƺˡ
˿Ĳ
ΪƷʣȻõƷĵҪҪһЩ
Ҫ֪䣬ƷĴˣƷĵһѾǶ£һ˿ĵܹల£ֵˡ
ͨƾ󲻾ǿԵĳͿԽȫںϣתɳʵ
ȻںϣֻƷףȳߡ
ò̳Ƶ⡣
Ȼ֪ʣ»߰ʱ䣬ʱڣ̳Ͼ꣬ȫת
Ȼʱ򲻳Ӧ֮һΣͷɵܾǾݡ
Ҫǣû׼ͻ˱䣬Щǡ
̳ƾһֱţҲûá
ڣȥôʱ䣬̳ϾҲʲô֢ǿھҺתĴ׵ҲһֱֻûʲôΣ
Էģ󵨵ȥãתˡ
⣬ѪѵõļѪƷ׵ҩȻ󣬵Ҳ԰پͣһԼѪ֮
սУıʱãǿ
ǽ𽣣ܲӳȴްգҲֻǱԿ̬
УȻãֶһӦսĵơ
ɣҲûʲôûʲôʧ
뵽
һ۴ɫʱ仹磬ϼʹǰ죬ҲȥԲ
ִӴһһɫ̳Ŀڣһڡ
䣡
˲䣬֮ǰйĸоٴͷ
ǣɣתԼʱת֮ڵǹ촿׺һ֡
ţתݵҲƺܵȾñ䣬ࡣ
ٺڣһޣ֪̲Լʱ£óһѪţ̷ȥ
֮ϣɫһš
תֹۣ졣
죬һ̷̳־ƣתһ߷ѪѪ
żʱҲ¼ɽׯвӮǽȡǰϸϸ棬Ŵ߶䱾ָܻǰ֮Ժ£ܵĵ˽ķɡ
ʱš
֮һ̳Ͼȫ꣬ڵǹɴҲ࣬ԼһֻӰС
ֹ֮ʱһţڵ䣬ƲԼռ˵ﲿλ֮һҵλá
ÿҹȴԶתһתϸϸ˿ȴһ˵ĸо
״ֱ°̳ϵ֮󣬲еģ֮ǰôʱ䣬ɵҲû춯һ£Ȼ㣬ڲ״̬
˴߶ԵеϣԴȻ˷ܲѣֱһ̳Ͼƶ꣬ŰݣЩδ
ڣȻɫͬʱתֱϡɫͬȻţͬʱУ졣
ɫ´񵤣˿쾫ںϣγɵ٣ȴ
Ϊֻзϵǿߣ쾫ףһһ֡
ɫȻľָֻò
ӿ罭ӣҰֹ֮ʱȴϳ֮
İɫ˱֮У̳֮µĵ
ȴԶں˿쾫ɫڲ֪Ī⣬һĸо
ɵͬʱתе磬֣һһһ֣Ҷá
һ֣ǻȫ޷ãֻżȻй©۾һ
öѪѪ⣬ͬ˲Сı仯
˵¾㱸ֻǷ磬ȴϾʿ޵ʽˡ
ٹһգڣϾʿʽʼ
һգľԺʮ˺ŷУһδӱչص״̬гѣվ۾ͬ磬ͬʱһ
УȻżɫһĹʡ


637 սʼ
죬Ͼʿ޵ʽʼ
ԺУһľűƿͬǲμϾʿ޵ˡͬչʮգһͬʱŶ𣬳ԺС
ǻӣеĳս⣬ţһǧɽɨе̨ĺơ
еȴηηԥԥ˵ĿӣǶԼʵȲţ塣
ʥԨȼˣԲС
վȺУͬȺʹһʱֳһЩСķ粨ʱڸǲǵķɣˣȻдյ
ʮ˺ŷУ״Ҳ¶Ŀ΢֮˲ͻָԭĵ͵Ҳһ˿쳣
Ŷм䡣
ĵע⣬Ͼ桱֣ڽڿе󲿷ʶϾϾǺ֮㣬˴û˵
Ҫǣڵһ죬ԨıʱȻӦѷø޹ǣ˿
ȻǣһֻǣǲԸ϶ѡ
ԴˣҲֻЦһЦ⣬һֵƽ
վȺ֮ĿĵĲʥԨȼˣȻ΢΢һüͷˣûг
ţ컨Ůʦū
ؽͣϾס桱ӵͽܣһ˪ۡǧС
ԼǸ֪֣ȴһָĪ⣬ˡ
ʦūǧûгΪȻûмǣƾӰȺ֮УҲһۿ
Ǹˣע⣬ϧʱʮļŶǳУȴûǸˡ
Ȼڡ
ʦūǧУҲȥˡ
ŷ䣬ŷ䣬Ǳʦūǧסķ䣬Ȼȥ¥գǰ뿪ˣ档
״˼һתҲ׹ǲԸ棬ǰ뿪ˡ
ǧ°д£Ϊ档
ʦūһϲվģҲڣЩˡ
ǸˣȻϴξû¶棬βڣҲͺ
ʵ⼸ˣҲ͹ȥˣȻ֪Ͼʿ޿ʼӣǰȥ۲ֳ黷
ʥ״һҲ߰ɣ
õģ硣
Ԩϴһ£õ͵ˣȻһѣʮĿȴŰӡ
ȻҲףﲻϽ
Ͻңţû˸һԸ
ϴΣٶʦūϡ桱ӵͽܰǧУԷһк˳ȥӴȻףʱľԺУˣĵ
Ҳôߵʮ죬ҲȫˣҺͲԼҵ鵤ֻ˿̣ԾڴϣԵμϾʿޡ
ʱΪǵС£ȴʧȥ˲μϾʿ޵Ļᣬ޶޲ˡ

ʥԨȶˣǶߣķӶȥ
״ʱһȺˣͬȥ
״Ҳһ֣һȺˣͬ˹ȥ
ԺлѾûˣҲɳȴԺߣվһذ׵ŮӣüѩֳѣѾֱʮûġŮҶ˭
Ҷ
Ųһ٣漴
߰ɡ
ҶЦӯӯģȻüĿȻȴûָоҲûʲôֱ˵
š
գҲûж˵ʲô˶ԶԭֻʣˣҲ£ֱӲһ䣬ͬ׷ʥ֮󣬳ķӶȥ
ѾһΣ·Եİ
ټʵ㲻·ҲûϵΪ𣬴ʱУɼݹ⣬зĹâһɫĹâӸԲͬԺзͬһۡ
ʣҲ֪ضϾʿٿĵطɡ

¶ûһЩΪˣϲȥ
ܶǧ˵عսˣԼϲɽ壬ʱˡ
ģΪߵͬȥ
ûģ·ʿȥ
Щ˺ģȻҲˣЩԼϵ÷嶥ȻԸˣܴһˣͱɽ£ֻܸɵ۵Ŀš
Ҳµı⣬䶷ޣʺ̫˹ۿнʢ£һʲôˣܹۿġ
ûһΪ嶼ϲȥͶʸ
޵飬ﾺ棬ǿʳ
һ㣬ҲʵǸ߷塣

Ҷ˵壬Ȼڻ£һĹ򣬾׷ǰ漸ˣȻٹƬ֮ʮ˾һ塣
ҹո¹һ꣬ƺϴϴͬһ飬Ƕ嶥
Ʈ̣¸ʣīʵĶ֣ƺҲ֮ܵͬ£ɢɹԡ
紵գЩѾǰȹ㣬Щȴǵһ׳۾̲סһ̾
Ҷ;ֿս֮ˣвս֮רŵϯλս֮ˣԼѡһ̨ۿԼϲʿս̨£ѾΧˡ
ҶɣȻ׼ȵȵȣһ̨ȥĸ̨


638 
ܣͬ޹꣬Դ󺣣ĴľдУձⳡһϴԵرɾˬ
ɽ¼䣬Ȫȣ𣬻ɾ˼䡣
˿̣ƺ֮ϣεضĸߴ̨ġϻٵߣΧ࣬ȴսʽʼ༤˷ܣڴ
ߵһƬ«֮£ѾˣĿһתȺУһ۾Ϳһ°İꡣ
ϥŽ˪¶ɢһ˲ơ
ߵˣλӣҿ
ʣҲף֮ǰʥйһ֣ӶΪ֮Ȼòӵġ桱ӵͽܣһ˪ۡǧС
ڽϵһ򣬳֮⣬ϵؽ磬˴һ˶ʮ֣ǧעĿҲɫһλ
֮⣬һȹŮһʦҲȽעĿ
ǵһ۱գĿת
Ͼ򣬽ϡ󡢽ң󺣣Ͻħ֮
ϣǵӽ϶ڽؽ磬ʤѩħ£˾ϣӦӦܵˡ
ǸоעӣعͷһͷվȺߣʱɳһЦʤѩ֣ʾȥ
״ЦЦҲ߹ȥһλ£пգˡ
֮˴һʮӡ
У࣬ףϣɫ·ֻǴΡ
ȻЩˣԽĸ󣬳¸󣬰¸¸¸ֻɢޣг
ʮУһװֵ¸ЦصΪɫģǹ£Ψհ
֮أҲ٣жʮһ
һۣĿͣס
һºЦüһĨɫֻ΢΢һɲɽʣ˲עĿ
ܵϵƣԲ֮ǰİǧУʥȶ֣й֮
Ǵ˴ϾʿһС
һ˲˶塣
һˣֻһۣͲ³
һ֮Ũ
ɴƺˣһ˫۾ȴˮˣ㿴һۣһɫڻĸо
ʣҲףǺųƽҹֲţ컨ŮʦūŮӡ
ֻ˵ò٣ԹɴҲǲ뱻ָָɡ
ı飬ƺЩɴҲб⡣
֮أȻǶµĵӾӶ࣬£㶼ᣬͷĿʹڴսǰɲ̾롣
ˣҲû˲۵ȥǡ
ɫģаˡ
ɮ£ɮ£ˡ
м仹Χһˣǹ£һϮɫɮۣ㳾ȾȺУȴһСУùݣ֮תһرʡ
ͽգʹżµɮ¾Ҳֻǵͷ˵ԵЩ졣
Ŀ΢㼴³ݡ
һɫɮ֮һһֱںɽչأֱڤ֮󣬲űƳΪϯӣкܶ˲ȴҲûһӸҲˡ
ķǽСǶɡ
ϣܵ˲Ϣ΢΢һݣǶСУֻѾµĲѧˡ
ҲΨ䣬ʣΧڶɮ£ɮ£롣
ᣬףǶСУǱϾʿޣǿµĶ֮һһʵزʤѩǧУԼüгʵĽ֮¡
ҸƱǰ壬пǰֱӵǶҲûпܡ
Ͼʿ˲żüãʥԨǧУʦūȣǸĲ׵Ķ֣ӣԼҪԵģʤѩüгʵĽ꣬ԼǶСˡ
ǰĶ֡
ľӰҩлõӰؾںϣԼӰʹǿҲη塣
ʤѩǶɣؽΣδؾеκһˡ

ĿƿϽԼ°Ÿħһɨꡣ
ϽǳΪҲͲʥԨֵһԣȻɨ귢֣ȺУһѩ׽ʿɫɴıŮȺʵСܲڲʥ֮¡
ǾȣϸһֲֹԼϽеĶʮ֣ʥԨͷߣЩȣü֮һĨɵ֮ɫ
û˸ҳѩɴŮ·ϣʲôħη塣
ǣ
գգ۾ԾȣȻ֮ǰĴУ˵ϽʥԨ֮⣬һǡ
뵽һţ֮ǰսϽ壬Ϊ֮׵ˮ峤֮ŮԶǰսӴ䲻š
˶ˣҲΪѾ䣬ԲʥܺϣΪϽһ
ʥ⣬ЩɵĪǣˮŮֻˣһ£ֻǣûвμϽʿޣõʸ񣬽Ͼʿ޵أ
º档
ΣҲףһС
ͬʱĿһɨһϣħ֮˲Ҫ̫࣬Ȼһ죬ûаգһܴǰǰ壬Σա
ǵǰ壬϶òǮģԣ֪֪ˣսһأҲΣյطĵӣǺܹעġ
ֻǵĿɨȥʱ򣬻ǲһ漴תΪ㵡
ħ֮򣬿յģֻڽ䴦һˡ
һۣĿ£סϸȥܷϣð̣ƺ÷Ҳס˳档
ٶʮλͬ鵽ĸǽʮΨһ򣬾Ȼֻһ˲μӣֵӣҲ΢΢ס
ħ֮ĵӣ濴㲻
ҡҡͷʾš


639 
Ͼ򣬲μӴ˴Ͼʿ޵֣һһʮλ
¹̨һ̨ɴʮˡ
Ȼ϶˻ֿգֿһֵʤߣֱÿ̨ǰλ
̨ÿʤߣʮˣٲμǰʮǰʮǰ壬ǰľ
ܶ˹ĲʥԨǧЩֻᱻ䵽̨òҪ
Ҳиˣ׸ôܹ࣬Ҳôõ£ֻϣҪͬһ̨⬼̫࣬Ǿһᶼûˡ
ȻˣĵϾʿޣЩʲô
ʱ̡
ƺ֮ϣ죬λۣݲϵɮˣߵһ̨վ
ϳǱĳýɮ֮ףϣ޺ģС
˵ֱɮ֮⣬ϣģеλֱɮˣڵʵȨˣλȨء
һ棬Ҳ¶Ͼʿ޵ӡ
λʩ
̨ķϸɮڣֻƽɨһ̨ˣصϾʿޣʮһȣΪ޵ʢ£СΪλٰ죬ʤ֣̿Һ֮
˵ģҶ˵һ½
ϾʿޣһһʮλݼŲμӣֻҪܽǰʮߣһССĽܽǰʮߣҲμ徳ʿޣʱ򣬲޵ʢ¡
ÿһʱĴ棬Ҳ徳о
ֻϾֻҪܳΪǰǰˣмĸʣ봫СϾףһλУҫ޷
ԣλŬɣ
棬ƶɮһ±¶λʤߵĽ
ǰʮÿ˽ԿɻüƷ鵤һö
޵ϵҩ֮һ԰Ѩռ䣬΢Լ޵
ǰʮÿλʩµӵͬ£ؾһ㣬ĦСʱֻܵõʲô˿λԵ
ÿ˻öǮƷһ
öǮƷоһ򡣡
ڶǮöͨ鱦һ顣
һǮöμƷһߡ

귨ɮߵ̨¶ʱ󻩡
Ȼ֪Ͼʿ޵Ľܼ򵥣Ҳû뵽˵ز
˵࣬ࡣ
Щ򵥡
Ϊ鵤ǮֻйԼܹҲû
Ҫ˵Ͼʿ޸ĶȴҪ֮ǰǷޣޣҪǿö࣬öˡ
˵ǰʮõ˱һһ޵磬ҲǼΪϡ鵤һֻзǿ߲ӵС
ȴóȻҲµĴ֮һ
ƽʱǾܵġ
ҪȴǣֻҪܽǰʮܻýһϽأؾĹ١²ѧʲôֻԺóȥһ˵Ҳӡ
ҪǣǵȻţǽȥһá
µĲؾʲôطǿѧ֮һҲ˵һӶĵطȳڵ˵νҲ֮ʯԹ
ںֻܶϾСңСŵ˵ȴпţʵһλᡣ
Ͼô㣬ԼҵѧۣôҲܱȵ°֮һ£нĻᣬû˲
ǰǮĽˣ֮֮ǰ֣Ҫ߳٣Ҳϲ١
ҲȻϾԽѶԽϾǰɱȸһˣй֮Ǯʮ
ܳΪö
ǰǷֱģĵöɳƾˡ
һöǮͿԶһһƷ
ö
һ˵ļֵ
ҪģֵԳΪʥأдԿס
˵µĲؾƵĽ룬µʱͬҷܽؿ⣬ļغͶѧߴС
ôд͸˶һƽ̨
ΪǶûκνƵģֻҪлԵǵƷѧпõ
ҪģдУǿµĹڣĹڣзط
ô˴У˵ͻƾ磬±ǳΪҲ֮һļʡ
ڴ֮ǰźܶԼףԼһӣֻ¶ûгΪĻᣬѨڣѨ۷壬͵ͷ
Ǯںܶ־ڸһͻƷ˵Ǿݴһλᡣ
¾ЩţڵϯӡǶɡȻҲеƷϵĹн봫дĻᣬҲһ
Ϊͨ²ľѧֻҪۿһۣҲ򵽺ܶѧܶණ˵׷Ͷһݻᡣ
˽ؾ󣬺Ǯǰÿ˿ԻһƷΪһС壬һСţмڼĴڡ
¾ǶЩţһŰƷҲǾԲܺӵջ
ϾһŹܾͶ༸ܳˣɹѡؾͶ࣬Ҳһŵĵ֮һ
ϾԽϣ˭ǿʢǱ˭Ӹָ࣬࣬Ʒŵȼ࣬ⴢ࡭
һУ
ǰеƷоͨ鱦μƷĽΪ֮ɻȻզࡣ
ΪƷо˵ʲôͨ鱦ʹμƷȴǲòľ޴壬Խ޵һȷѪꡣ
ǺƷЩţҲûмԵϡ䱦


640 
Ʒоһ㶼ӵĳְġ
ȶڣóĸͨоһ֮
̺İ壬Ҳʮ⡣
Ҫ֪ԭӰƷ¯࣬ҲޣܴﵽƷĲΣҲͬϵˮƽ
ԴҶҩ鷿дǲᡶӰ񹦡оͻͽں֮һ˿ڵƷͷɼһŵƷоҪԡ
ֻҪܽеİ͸ںϽԼѧУһƷΣֵȻԶ
Ȼںϰ壬ûôףܶ˼ʹõƷоһҲһãһԲϣҲ츳㣬Եδ
ǡһŸӰʮϣں϶ʮָߵоǷǳģҲǻԵɺϣⷬ컯
Ʒоӵ壬ΪһСɵطΪ
ڶһĽŸ˳Ծ
ڶĽöǮ֮⣬һͨ鱦
֮ͨһָ˲컯ĵزܵ㻯ԣ֮£ܽĳ㻯֮ͨ
νͨ鱦һλǿߵ֮ȻγԼԣӵףط
ʱӵĺô
ֻ֮ͨѰżд£Ҳڸ󶥼У֮Ŵ棬ƽʱʹ͡
ãϼѣһҲס
֮ͨŷһͨ鱦ϧڴĦԺֻдĦ˴ɮ
˱˵һ¶ܣȻֱӱɮɱ顣
֮ʵǿһǱʹˣǧѡܽ룻Ҳδûԭ
ǽڶ飬µڶ𱦣Ƿ޵磬ǰ
ͨ鱦Ȼ϶ԶԶϾ׾ǿҲˣӵһһСӴѹ˺䶯
ͨ鱦񣬸Ķѡ
ʵǿĶӣ˲ð⣬ڱصãеսһ˲ʮϡ
һƷ˽Щˡ
ȻõҲ֪Լ϶ûлᣬǰҲ֪Ҳȥá
μƷ
ս֮йһᣬͷѹ֮УֹһδμƷС󡱡
󣬴ֱӱ칤ɽ벽Ķǿߣڷߣ۸ߴɹһ˵
ףΪڷӳ棬ĳļ۸ֻߣѪûпܡ
ȶͲһЩСţСңͨӣմȾֵġ
һδǸǻ
Ϊû㹻ʵҲܱסֻ޾鷳
˵ȻףϾʿϣ¶֮һ¸ĽȴԲ˸
ΪμƷһ㶼Ƕһ޶ģһض½֪
Ͼʿϻÿ׵ģضһ˵δùùҲδظá
Ȼضȫµ׷ɱ£Ҳ֮
ԣμƷļֵǲһģǿԹȻĶȻҲҪбµõֲܡ
ܳΪϾʿ֮׵ģһǳΪ˺Ķ֣ǵĶ˵ѶȣҲҪ
ǳԽ󲿷ݱĶڣ޼ƷһЩ߶УĴڣ޵еġ

ΪȻ䶯
нֱ̨֮վ̨սʼ
Ȼеӳǩ̨λΣԼսС
ҲǰȻһµֵǩͲУһץץһǩתһţʮһ
˲ף˵ڵ̨кǶʮһ
ͬ鵽̨кһʮ֮Ասֱʤɼǰϣʸ񣬲μһ̨Ľ
Ҳǰʮǰʮǰ壬ǰһ֮λ
Ƚ̨ǰ壬͵Ŀꡣ
ܿ죬ǩϣЩһƬȻз䵽֣Щȴϲɫ̨иֲࡣ
עĿһԼ̨У֮ǰ;۵ĸ֣ܳΪԼĶ֡
ţ컨Ůʦū
¸ˣЦصѨΪ
ԼǸ֪أпϽΪףˮıѩɴŮ
Уţ컨ŮʦūǽһһĶֱ֣ӽһصıѩɴŮӣһ
Цһ£Լ治ôһӾΪţҲǱˡ
ҵУǱǣûһʤѩüгʵĽˣµϯӡǶССԼħ֮غˣûֱ˵ǲеĴҡ


641 
Ȼ̨ϣҲûֻ֣ˣȴֵһѡ
лˣҲ֮һ罭ʿʤĸ֣ڰ˵ķɡɣʮһĺɽʮ£ʮ׾ˡ
ʵȻҲ㲻ƣεϾʿޣǵĵ·϶ߵͷˡ
̨ǰǱȻȥģõΣҲǰʮ˲ǰʮǰʮǰٵӡ
ʵ˵ǰʮǰʮȻǿϣЩˡ
˲μϾʿ޵ľ󲿷˵ܴﵽǰʮǰʮĳɼѾЦοˣ¾ֻ˸ǰ٣˵ȥҲˡ
ΪμϾʿޣǱ¡

ӹ̨λμȻֳôս漴ʼ
һ̨ģǽĵ֮һзİأʹõʽﲻʽʮǡҲǿ
Ķ֣нǧ¥ǽĸ֮һ¸ϯӣ񹦣תǿ˴˸൱
󣬻ǽǧ¥ʤһڵһʮϻʤİհܡ
ǧ¥֮ϽһʿһԶƣʤһӣȡһʤҲһ֡
иֽ١
ЦԼ֣ʱһֵӣȻ㣬һ͵̨֮ϡ
Ƕϸϸ۾΢Цţȴһֿ÷ĸо
Ķ֣ǽһͨӣ֣Ѿɫһ䣬̨ϣԷۿԼû֣ȴжȻһ
գڲл˲䣬ȴһ֣æ䣡

̨£һ㶣ֻȻֺֺЦҲûʲô
Ͼ⣬һ֮ףֲôýеģûоߵʵһ
ֻǽһЩ츳еԵĵӣڽϣȻҲ㲻ϾȻϲ̨棬һԻȶ֣ȻЩܲסڶԷѹ£ֱ䣬Ҳֲʲô
Ȼˣ״̬֣пܻʤ
յʹߣҲһˣֱӵǿ
սһһּȥҶɶվ̨֮£ۿ
һ߰صȴԼϳ̨˵ʱʱһ۱㿴ʤĶҲתͷ̨ȴ༸̨ϣҲܿ˷ֳʤ
һ̨֮ϾϽ֮һĲʥȻһͱ̨֮սʤûмĶ֣ܶҲֱ䣬ʥߣʤҲࡣ
սǵһȥˣʤˣȥȴкãսʤϴ
ҲһǾǣڼʵҲҪޣֱֲȥΪֹ
õĻ֣΢һЩսʤԽ࣬Խߡ
ֻһ˶ôΪޣͼп϶֣ȥˣòʧ
Ҫǣޣ״̬ģǼģʵвãڶԷһһֵĳս£ܿͻʧܣʱ򣬲ȡû֣ΪЦ
̨ϣĶ֣Ҳֻһʤ󣬾̨ûս򣬾ΪףȺҲи֣һһֱվ̨ϣܿ컨ŮʦūԼѩ±ɴŮ
Ȼ̨£ҲΨˣ֣Ϊʱûɽ¶ˮûзϣҲ࿴һۡ
һ̨ʥսֽ֣ʤһ̨֣ûмȥ
֮дʱ̨ǿ̨мˣԾԾҪ̨ȥУ϶ͷǧһһĺĿһֱڲʥϣòʥټȥԸһͺͻ
ڰǧеʵ̣Ȼٴ⡣
սޣʤּ֣һƽˣֶʤˣΪǷֿսҲ֣ʤܼһ֡
ʮʤܼ֡ʮʤܼ֡
Խ棬һֶܳΪεĹؽԶڶ˵ÿֱģֻ֣Ҳôá
̨ϣĿǰûģǱˣԽҵüгʵĽˡ
ñһ˫ƣƵƽһͽԷ̨¶ʵǿþˣκζ֣һ֮С
УԽ֣櫺ָ
櫺ָڽ˴ǰĶʮУҲϣ£ȴֲһС
ʱӱ˵УҲ֪֣¥ϯӣһΪɲ⣬ݴʹʦūܶĶ֡
ֻ¥ƽʱ˳ᢣ࿿Ǽƣ书ĵط治࣬ˣΪθ̫˽⡣
ڣֳֻɽһǣզ࣬Ծ
գȡʮʤ̨£Ҳи֣һĻȴҲֻüûǰսһ··սɻʮĻ֣Ŀǰ޵һ
ĺ̨ϣǶСҲǰϳûа̻˫ƺʮվɱ˹һ̨ûƵķ
Ƕ֮𾪸·֡
Ҳȡʮʤϣʮ֡
ʱţڣ̨ϣ߳е֣ʮһţսڶʮߺţģȻպ˷ɡɡ
ͬԽ֮һ


642 â
ɡɡ¥ʮУǰķҵĵӣ˳ơŮһԦĪ⣬̾Ϊֹ
ϧһ˵Ĳôá
Ȼ֪УǷɡȻûҪ׷Ĵ㡣
ҧ촽־ǿĿִᶨ˵Ȼ֪Ķ֣ûô䣬Ҳ㲻Ҫңóȫʵһս
á
̨֮ϣվ̨һǣŶһ£˵Ůӣԥ˵
ҲóԷĽʵмʶ֮ǰɽϱƴ֮ʤѩһսʵֵ쾡£ȼˣû˸һʤ
ܸʤѩǰдѷѽˣǼ򵥣
ԣɡȻʵ࣬ȻȻִҪһսǾͳȫⳡ̨ϣĹ⻪ɡ
ʹˣҲơ
ȻԼʵʵ뵱ʤѩһսʱ֮ı仯ȫΪȫɡûһ˿ᡣ
ʹһЩʵ뵱ʤѩһսʱƽɣûҪ̫ѿϾҲǽͬ·֮һ
룡
ԣ˺һĿ̾⣬ڵ
á
ɡɼ״Ŀʱһ֪࣬ȫ֣Լκλᡣ
ҲԥһʼֱӾȫԸ
ֱӴͳһɫСӣһꡱʱһĺХУȻˮһһֻͨɫƤˮޡ
èޣ
״ֻ֣΢䱸Ҳ¶εĵɫ
ɡ뺫һսʱٻֻèޣԶ޷սʤȻţԷƾԼһֻèޣӮԼ
ĵơ
ţУҲܶ࣬ҷɡɲһˣ֪飬ҪƾԼҪõİ취Ǳܹһ޵ļǿߣȻʵϣһݻᡣ
̵֮ķҪԼһսҲǶѡ
ɡһָʱءһèһԾצֱӳ
״ƽһָһƬĻɨ˹ȥ
Ȼ󣬺ԤҪеκ޶£ĻһȻɨһգղŻڰУҫޣȻˮһᶯʧˡ
ޣ
ѾʶȻ죬̨ˣɲûмèޣһ¶ɫ۷׷ס
è޹֮Ҳεǣɫƽĳʱ̣һ壬Ȼ΢΢һʱ¶һ˿΢Ц
ҵˡ
Ȼתͷһָ͡Уʱѿһڷ죬һֻצСèҪľ͵Ϯȴû뵽ȻתһͰԴڵմƣʱһţС¶˼ΪԻľɫ
һҪȥ
ʱĹѵʱֻè޾ʹٶȿԼ츳ٴζУҲѡ
Ϊ׼ֱһַӡΧգè޷գֻ׸
ɡҲʡ͵ĵƣèΣʱһͬһƣһ֣ʮɫӰĳ
ǡ컨ҵһٶ֮
ƷҲͬѰСɽ˫ơ̺쾢һУ϶ûôܡ
ǰ֮һȻԦޣҲûôȡ
ʶٶ⹦ڷɡɵƷȻô⣬ǣ£ƾɡɵһװƷ컨ȫ׷ٶȵġ
ûбֵ̫ǿƣʤһߵֱܹɡɵĵɽ˫֮ƾֳֻè޹ȥ
ɡȻèǰ󽻻ƣڱȴ֣ƣڱԼΪèޣ޷κв׷ǲͽκΣգսʮкڲãɡһͣҡͷ˲ˣ۷ˣʲô¡
Ǻǡ
ɡ֣ͣҲ漴ͣ˹è޵֣ʵûȫȻֻèͳ꣬ϷŪһ¶Էѡ
ɡɼ΢ЦɫͲһΣҲ֪֪֮ٴȥֻңȡ裬ջè޺ֱһߣ̨ȥ
Խڳʧܡ
ˣһʤһ֡
ų̂룬Ҫ㹻ǮҪǰǰǰá
ΪǰǮҲöĿǰöܹҲöʮöĽ봫дĻᣬúԶ徳ϣʵûаգܽǰ³öϵǮ
ԣڵϾʿϣһЩ֣һõǮͶ༸ö徳ޣҪ࣬ҲаһЩ
ԣθĻȡ֣Ȼݴ
̨࣬ҲͺͲʥǧһˮƽҪǰЩ˾ǲò̤ܵʯϣʵûˣȻսǾս
еԸΧͬΪû˵֣Ȼʤһ֮󣬾͸̨֮ޣЩӣȻ˲̨ս
ΪսʤһŮӲʲô£ҶԷһԦʦٶȡʤҲδ¶һȻ⿴ᡣ
û뵽Ҳ̨ڽԻȻǣʮ˵Ĳ̨һһսܣֵʮɵӣգ˲۵ʮʤȡʮĳ߻֣¶޷ӵķâ


643 ۹
Ϊ̨ǶСеĵڶʮ֣ʮ߻֣Ҳͽһ֡
ʤһ׷ƽʤʤںߵһˣףǶɡ
ˣ˲ŻȻ׵桱Ǹ֮ʵȻǶɣȶһϸ£Ķ֣ûǰס
˱ҲЩˣиֿȥ׼֡
ʮŽ֮ƵʦūͻȻ˸ʲôʦūԳΪҵһˡ
һȻҲСӡ
СܵܣʵŶҺú桫
ʦūƮƮ̨һ֮Ϊ׵Ĵ֮ɫϣȴ˵ķ˶ˣòٿĿˣ̲ס۾һ
ģϣǼõģСΡ֮ƣֻ´Ļ治
磬Լֻ¾⣬ģûм
š
Ŀ¶ʦūϣȻľԺУĳõĵӽϴȥץŮӣ£Ƕִ֮ķ񣬸ǾԶ֮Щϲ
ȻڶԷҵͷϣȻҲη壬ףֻҪ̤ʤ֮·ЩǿߣΣܲ㲻Ҳϵġ
ȻˣսսһĶսҲñףԼĿɲֻʵҲԼֶ֮һõ˵սøһЩһЩҲʡ˲
ʼɡ
ûж˵ϻֱӿڵͬʱ΢΢ǰһʦ롭
ߣܵǸ˶ò˼ϲ
ʦūԼж˲Щˣһü̬ŭһݷ£̨²ٹսˣ̲סһɧ֮⣬̨ȥͽӵڻУ
ֻŮһһһһУϲŭϲһ˵Ķˣ̲ס⣬һɿӵĳ嶯
Ȼȴ˿Ҵ⣬Ϊ˶Էղⷬٶǿ⣬
ȻΪʦūͬʱţȴϢ̤ӰΣֱ硣
һƣϢȻ⴫
ߣô
˵ʦūһЩֶΣ۹˾񹦣ĪɻΪָɻΪƿɻΪȣܣ֮Ϊֱʤ
Ϊ죬һУȴ總֮ʲô취Գȥֱȥ
ǳƵ㻯⡣
״ȻԸմǵԼϣӰ˲һ˾⻬ȥܹһȣͬʱбУһˮ򴨣㹥˹ȥ
֪ѰѾԶԸʦūȶ֣ԼĿǰѧУ۹ҲǼں֮пɿһãȻҴš
йΣͼžʽںˮиľУĿǰǿĹֶ֮һԷǵС
ɲı֮иһеķ֮ܣ˲ֱʦūǰӽܱܿɫһ˲΢䡣
תۣתһɫԳЦСܵǺ飬ֻ׽׽ô֡
˵Ż۾ȴǼΪ֣֮ɫȻ䣬˫紩ߣʮµӡȻ֮£ȻƮ硣
УԼԼƮʮֻɫСȻȻںһγһֻɫǰıȻײȥ
һĻˣ亮⣬Ȼһ˲пֻɫķѣȴһ˲䣬ɫٴںһ𣬶ƺǱ亮⣬Ȼøˡ
ϣһص¶ͬУ˸⣬¶
ס
һ²ضʦūŰĵУѧżƷ۹˾пˣ۹˾֮¡
ڣʦūȴƳԼں֮УԼˮ򴨵Ȼƺܱ۹˾գøǿ󣬸ʵ⡣
תһ룬Ҳ˹
Լˮں֮Уͼžͺһ˿֮⣬Ȼˮиʹõĺˮ澫ΪףͬΪ
ʦū۹˾϶ʮֲ֮ܣԵɺ֮£ͱɹգչ׳󣬳Ϊ˶ԿԼ
е˼
ԭֻǶʦū˾Զ֮սپȡһʤ֮󣬾ͼһ֣ڣȴȻϸһ۹˾仯뷨
ǧ
ٴһУɫƽҷ磬̨֮ϣ·һȻ˲͵ʦūǰһӳá
ܵһƵʦūٴɫ΢䣬ͻȻЩˡ


644 ʮǿ
ԼΪʲôҪһʱ棬ףʯͷϡ
ʵҪǿܶ࣬ܶ࣬ˣ޷ܵĵز
أҲ޷
ɴµݣ˲һ࣬ԭǹװ֮ݣ˲ʧת۹˾ˣһֻֻɫȻ˲ٴںһγһֻɫ
ͬʱʦūɫȴһ˲Ұףͬʧȥ˹Ѫɫøɿ͸Ǻˡ
ɴţֻµ´ʱ󲿷ѾȻУ˱ˡ
ţ
΢΢һ㿴Լĳɫ⣬˲ͷɫϣɫ˲䴩УȻɫ顱һ΢΢ֿһ˲ķѡ
Ľ֮ƣҲͬɢΪһ̻ʧ
ƺǼޡ
۾΢УʦūȻЩûдﵽ۹˾ļޣǲҪʹһлʦūļʱһеʦūȴһ˲䳯ԶƮȥæ𡭡ˣ䡭

һʱ̨֮£ڽԻȻ
˭Ҳû뵽ʦūûȫȻˣˣĶС
Ҫ֪ǽң뻪󶥷ĶţȻΪ˾Զ֮Ϊ֮ǿֶ֮ݣȴǲòġ
ڣеľûг֣û˲ʦūģ⣬ֱ˼ֱԼĶ䡣
ʵʵʦūȻ⻰ڴ֮ͥ£Ը䣬һ֮ҲͲΪ
Ȼ֪ʦūûȫ۹˾ӦûһؾδչҲûʾȻ䣬Ҳֻкˣƽһȭˣ
ߣ
һУʦūɴµɫָ糣ƺһ˲ɿݷζ
Ҫ⣬Ժǻϵġ
˵һ˾ֱƮ̨ˣٻһʤѾʮʤʮ߻̨֣һġǶСС
ʮĳ
̨£һûսˣĿ⣬˷׷ҡͷܹ񣬲Ը̨ȥŰ
п̨֮һ컨Ůʦū׵ʧˣȥǸȡ衣
¾ʣµŶţϽɴŮӣԼ¸ٸҲֻ΢ۣ漴ͱĿ񣬲̨ս
£뿴ֵˣˣȻҲսһƬš
գΣҲֻ³ȱսңȻԵ²нкţкûа취˱ܵģһ˱ܣԶ䣬лãʤĹǲһġ

̨֮ϣսһһּȥܿ죬ѩ±ɴŮͻָ˼ʦūҲе֣ȥȡʤʤ˲ٻ֡
Ҳս˼֣ڣҲûĶ֣ϵģҲܿ䣬գֻ˶ʮ߷̨֣սҲӽֹ
ǰξ˳
Զʮ߻֣һʦūԶʮ֣ڶϽŮˮͫԶʮ֣¸ˡЦԶʮһ֣ġ
ڵȲǽʮһĺɽҲʮ£ʮ׾Լ֮ǰսķİأǧ¥ˣµĵ֮һ֮ףպС
ɽ£׾İأǧ¥ЩĶ֣ϾҲ㲻ʲôˣȻƴɱҲͻʮ֣еֻĸֻ֣սʤĳĻʧܡ
УԺɽԸߣʮ֣ʮ֣׾٣ֻ֣
̨ʱĽȥǰҲֱ˳
һ̨
ԲʥǧУȹŮĿػҵӡĿӡǺӣԼ֮һʤɹʮǿ
УԲʥǧߡ
ǧջʮĻ֣һʥʮ֣ڶ
ʮŻ֣Ǻʮ֣ʮ֡
̨
ҽ¥ӻħ֮غӣеһ
غӣǶʮ߻֣֮¡
ʤߣֱǽʦ֣ʵҲʮָǿʮһֵ֣ܶ壬ȻҲǰ壬һʮ˻֡
ֻһһˣ֮ףС
ĺ̨
ûгϣеǣϯӡǶСС͡ʤѩȻ˸ѷѽ⣬ͬеһʮŻ֣֮⡣
ӱɼڣ˲Ծ
ֺͻ֮һƽ֣˳Ծˡ
˵Ļ֣ȻĿǰ̨ߵ֣Ҳ˵ھʱıʿ޵Ĳеһ
ĺ̨Ƚϳʵģǻˣħ£˾ϣ㶼ʤĺ̨ǿ
Ҫǣ˾㶼Խͬ˲ɵ۾΢ֲһ̾Ϣ̾Ȼţţֽ󣬹Ȼ
һϾʿޣɳƵǶռͷʤѩħ£˾ϣӦӦֵܣȻƥԼǺС©һռ֮һ˳Ծ
һˣҲû⣬ȻЩмԨʵǲõһĺ̨壬ǿǰʮǿ
һǰʮξ;˳Ƕʮǿٳǩ׽˺ɱʤǰʮǰԼǰľˡ


645 ʮǿս
һʱܿȥʹֻܹһٶ˲Ϊһִ˼ʮԹ۵ɿýζʱҲúܿ죬תѵ
ʮǿ֮սֻеȵٿʼ
ս࣬Ψһǣһֺǿǿײ񻪳غӣʤѩǶ֣ҲֻżȻһ£˭Ҳû֣׼ʵڲ㾫ʡ
֣ǿǿս֮£϶пܻᳬʱ϶ʵĻ𻨣Ŵ̼
ֶףһֻѡľӢ϶ľսʤʤʮˣǰʮҳ̶ȣǱȻһˡ
ϣܶڷУ۶ʮǿˣһ϶ʤѩǶɣпܶñϾ֮λˡ
Σħ֮غӣǶ֮һΪǵĻûʤѩǶɣ˶ǵζֽ͡
ˣʥǧеȣȻҲ֣϶ܸʤѩǶɣغᲢۣҲһǰΣǰûǵķˡ
ʤѩǶɣغӵˣֱȽ۵ģҲ˵ߡ
ͻȻ̨һͳΪ۵Ŀꡣ
Ϊ䱾Ȼսʤˡ컨ŮʦūȽһһĶ֣ѩ±ɴŮ¸ˡЦ̨սֻ˫˫˱ܣʵ֮ǿɴ˿ɼһ㡣
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ̨ĵһʵ˳Ծ
֮ǰǾԲ˼ġ
֮ǰΪʦū϶ҲǻſףٲãҲϽɴŮ֮ɲ
ͻȻɱͬһƥ϶ΪĶ֮һ
⣬мˣͬ⣬ۣ˳Ծ۷׷ףΪ˿н۵Ķ
硰ĿӡǺӣԽңȻڽʵϾҹӣʵѾʲôˣȻҲɱǰʮֹʵҲĽȻĽѡ
⻹мˣ罭ȹŮʦֵ֣Ҳʵ֮ǿ˲Ŀ
󣬶ʮǿУռռ˽֮һ˳Ծ
£ռĸ֮һͬռ˴ͷ
˶ǰʮ֮һˣȡǰһͷܲۡ
ħֻ֮һˣʵȴӮ˵𾴣ͬǶ֮һС

ʱˮתۼ䣬һʱȥˡ
һϣʲôҲû
һռսγɵƣͣһ޲׺
⣬Ҳͬʱк֮
ףԼĿǰǿ⹥һϣȷơ
ʦūȽҶʱвƵУ֧׾ףԼڹһϣȷ̫̫ˣϱʦūǿĶ֣֮
ֻ֮ƣҲûôоɣȻԵɺϣ˻ˮ򴨣ǧУǴǽӵ߽׻üмϵΪ߶Ļ֮ϡ
ͨں֮Уȴûô˳ˡ
ֻҲһʦū˼֣֪еûй¶ˣȻСơ
ֻһоҲСãԶ㲻ϳɾͣûִһУЩź
ȻҲ֪ʵףԵɣʱԵɺϣһһϦ֮ɾ͵ġ
Ҳ޿κεͬʱҲֻеȴʱҲһεսУٴδں֮УʱĹֶξ͸ˡ
ףնҫ֮ϡ
һ˵أִ˵صֶ࣬ȻһҹܶϲˣѾҵ˰취Ѵ˽ϣȻڴϢһҹ㲻ȷֳʤͲɽˡ
Ϊһ޵ʢ֮һЩҲ˿ЦãȴҲпԭ

ʱתۣԱ࣬ܿ죬սڶ߸١
ٹƬ̣ӹ𣬳ǩٴοʼһΣÿ֣ܷǰʮĻᣬڴּܶ˸ǳҹߡ
ȻЩ˵˭Ǻɨעǲܱ赲ŲǸġ
ȻҲһһЩ˵ԸֱüŶ˻ǰջֶǩ
һʮžĿǰʮˣʮˣֻгǩʮսʤȡ̭ʧȥǰʮǿĻᡣ
Ŀ⣬ڳʮˣֱǣʤѩǶɺУ˲ŵһǶʮŻ֡
Σǽһħ֮غӣԼ桱ˡ
ͬУǶʮ߻֡
ˣֱǣһ˪ۡǧеĶʮĻ֣ʿʥĶʮ֣컨ŮʦūĶʮ֣ѩ±ɴŮʮ֣¸ˡЦʮһ֡
ǣʮиУΪԽϵĺʦ֣ͬҲ˶ʮһ֣ΪĶʮһȡգ»ȡ˻Ϊʮʦ֣ʮһ
ˣʮһһѡǩţѡȡ֣վǰʮ


646 Ӵǧ
ܿ죬ǩ
һšʤѩ֮ףմʦ
š¡ǶСУ󡰽¥ֵܡ
š¥ʮ˺šĿӡǺӡ
ĺħ֮ˣʮźȹŮ
Ž桱Ͻ֮һʯ³ལԨ
š桱ͽܣһ˪ۡǧУĴֱ֮һС
ߺšʿʥս֮С
˺Žš컨Ůʦūʮһźʦ֡
źѩ±ɴŮʮħ¡
ʮŽ¸ˣЦʮĺš˾ϡ

ʮѡִޱ飬ٵǺͽ֮ɫȻԼʮ㡣
ʮһʮʮˣţִ٣ûжġ
ֻȼˣĿ˸Ȼʤ㡣
պУֵܣĿӡǺӣȹŮ֮ɮϵĶ̫ǿǻûκʤ㣬Ҳʮʮ֮
ʣļлģȻʮһŵ֣󡰺컨ŮʦūϣȻ󣬵Ҳһƴ
ħ£Уϣ֮һ
Ķ֣ͻȻûһ˿Ϣ
ħµʵҲͬСɣڽڡʤѩһ֮£ټĳѩŮ񡱣һֱ֣Ϊһգһˡ
˵п̣ܶš
ˣ˾ϣһֱǼ£ʵҲħ֮¡
Ķ֣ǽ¸ˣЦǰʮļ֮һ˾ıõδûӮĻᡣ
һˣϽ֮һҵӡ³ལԨ˶ûжģȴԼʮ㡣
ϾϽ֮һˣʵϽ˲ʥǰսټȫ޵ˮС㣬κˡ
ΪսʱҲڱսûпսʤʦūһĽΪֻһʤ
ټϵľԺУҪʱֻһ˲ҶײԼȻ϶϶ʮһӡ
ԭΪԼȫ޻ᣬû뵽Ȼһȫͨˣ£Ļˣ˵нǰʮĻᣬζû뵽ġ
սбһ̣˷ܵòԭҪǻصϽӵţһĤݣ𾴣
ϾʿǰʮǺε쵱ΣҲЦѡ
ǰʮĽȻǿԽһ½زؾҲޱĶ
ԣһҪսܣ뵽⣬۴վȺǸ۵İ꣬һĨĺ⡭
һԣʥվߣսбʱҲһ˿⡣
ԼĶֲ⣬֮׵У»֣Ͻһǰ㲻ʲôˡ
ֻǣԼ֣ܵȴЩ壬ƺûô򵥡
ⱾͲԼսҲûΪԨлǰʮĿ΢һûЩʲôֻĿ⣬ȴȻӹȺ˲Զһۡ
ȴûб¶ʲôֻǵһЦͷѾȺ̨µҶɻ˻֣ʾõģԼʤ
һĻԨУŭ˲ա
ʲô⵱ڣȻ˼ŮüĿ飬ѵΪԼΪĶֲɣֱǲ֪
뵽ˣԨкʢ˼ҪʲôֶΣܣ澡ʧΪЦˡ

ʼ
Ųһ£һʤѩǶɣ׷Ծ̨
ǵĶ֣պк͡¥ֵܣͬԾ̨
ͬʤѩǶСеڣɫ䶼ЩɥֻȽƽ֪Լذܣ˫ƺʮɱָɮȣ
Ϊǰʮ֮ÿϳģǶ֣սһŹ
ĦһǵĹУҲǶԼ˵ܴʲôӶΪء
ҲǺܶˣԶϾǧܵҪۿⳡ޵ʢҪԭ
ȻȫΪ˿֣ĻΪ˿۽磬ԼЩֵĹ֮УͨԼĵ
ԣǰʮ̨֮ѳֻʣһ
ǰʮˣնսбڶ̨ϣ׽˺ɱÿζԣһ
ǰʮ֮ʣ̨ҲȥֻмһʱǰʮսϽСʱҲǷУһһһһ֣˴һˡ
ΪǰʮսضӼңҫۣ˵Ȼ˳ֹ˴ʧˣҲ뿴Ҳ뿴߶òģѧʲô
ʤѩһϮ£ͷվ̨֮ϣֱƮƮɣ˿òĿת
վΪ֮ʧɫպȻֱ֮ףƽʱҲԲǰȴɵȻʧɫ类ȥй⻪
ɡ
ʤѩûʲô΢һ֣ʾպ롣
պҲ֪Լֻ֣ûгֵĻᣬüĿһӷʩƶɮ͵ˡ
˵꣬˫ƺʮȻ䣬£һɮƮԼ䣬Ȼһȼķӻࡣ
Ӵǧơ
Ͼ֮ףȻڽһǰʧɫΪ˲֡
̤ǰ벽պһƻ棬ĻӣƺҲ֮һͬƣպеƾڰнһ𣬾Ȼʮѹأʤѩѹ˹ȥ
Ʒ
ϳƣʮѧ֮һʤѩȴûκξηɫֻ΢΢һЦҹʮơ
ת磬˿һתۣܹպеӴǧƣһѹʳжָ䣬һνպеĻɮ죬漴ƮȻˣ΢Ц
ԭأĿ佣ۣȻɬһЦ˫ƺʮˡ
ϣɫׯƽѣȻһ˿֮ǰδй⣬ԱϣƮȻ̨Ȼǳʧܡ
ˣʤѩȡʤǰʮǿ
Ȼ֣֮⣬ֻһУ֮׵һҽܣȴ̨һƬȻ
Ҫ֪֮ףɲͨˣǧУѡΪ͵ļˣ˵ʵǿҲߡ
ˣʤѩ£ɼֲһС
ⲻ˵̫ʤѩ̫ǿ
øʢĵһˣȻͬΣļ£η壬ָеΪС
ʤѩֳʤĵڣ̨ϣͬתۣʤ֡
ǶСһϮ°ɮۣͬˣվԶֵ缲ĲΧȻƣ۾δ
ֻϲֳһ˿һ»⻪·УƵֵϣƬ̣˵ĹƱ㻺ٹƬ̣ӣҲ᲻㣬֪УɫȻֻеͷ䡣
ǶСһ֣ϵǹ»ʧǲŻָжһȻƣ̨
ˣǶСеڶɱǰʮ֮


647 ƻ꽣
ʤѩǶɷױʤ³֮󣬵ڶֵģ̨
Żʮ˺šĿӡǺӡ
ĺźˣʮźšȹŮ
˵ϣУĿӡǺӺ͡ȹŮ׷װ
ǲŬҲǲʤǵĶ֣ʵ̫ǿ̫ǿˣǿǸûһʤϣˡ
Ǻڽ̨֮ϣʵġ֮ۡԼݺ֮ԻȾ콾෢ӲãˣֻУ̨
ˣʤѩǶС֮󣬻غˣɱǰʮ֮УǺӣ׷ʧܣֻһµʮһڶʮ֮
ǰʮѾֻʣһҡ
նȻһӽ
ӹ죬ˣٴԾ̨ԡ
桱Ͻʯ³ལԨ
桱ͽܣһ˪ۡǧУĴֱ֮һС
ǰĳ޿㲻ͬ˶ףҪ˵Ͼʿ޴ȣʲô̵ܷĵطǵ֣Ԩһ
Ȼһ˪ۡǧжУʤûʲô㣬Ԩһȴʤΰ롣
һȻΪԨСȻϾѣϾϽ֮һʵСҼҴƻ꽣֮ܣС
ڶҲΪ֮ǰһֱ죬桱֣Ҳڴ֮ǰû˵ܴϾ
ˣЩΪߵգǿʵôͬ
ˣԨģһһ룬һҲѹ˭ЩûսͬǿԨ϶ذܡ
Щˣȴʶʦūһս֧ϰܣȻ֪ʵûбô֧ټԽĵӣ֪ʵжôһˣҲԲ١
ˣ¶ľ֣ʤ
̨ϵ˵µһͶҪˡ
һԨ֣γĳŶ˵СӣɣԶ䣬һһ棬ôǱ̨
Ǻǡ
ԣ΢΢һЦڵ鹫ˣսӮδ֪ʤĳһ鹫֮
ãԼѡģˣֲҡ
Ԩ۾кһ䣬ѾȻ̤޲ʩչ̨ͬȻһ߲âγɱ״̤һš
һ̣һգۣԨ͵ǰٶȾȻþˡ
ã
̨֧ˣ˲侪ЩǣŷԼСϽİ蹫ӡ
Ͻ֮һʯҵļҴ޲̤֮λ֮Ϊ仯棬ٶȾˣȻ鴫
δǰԨ֣һ֣Ǿ֮һ
ʯҼҴƻ꽣һʽʵ
ͣ
ҫԨеĳһɫһһĳߣ·ţֱǰ
һķâֱ͸꣬ƺҪ˺ѣȼյ
ԨеɫҲǷƷʯҵĽ֮һȻֻλƷϵȣҲǲΪһ꽣ꡣ
ȻҼƷϾƷҲһԼУһ̫ϳУһ꽣ĳѾһƷˡ
Ƕƻ꽣ҵӶԣһ꽣ЩʱͨƷҪãҪβμϾʿ¹ش󣬹غ棬ҼҲὫ
ý
ȻеؽΪһشֱӵأʧȥʶɥʧʸĳûг֣΢΢һתζȻ黯ȻͱܹһƵһԨ棬ͬʱлϾ̾һ䡣
Ȼһһĳ̾䵽ԨĶУھ̡
Сˣû뵽һС䣬Ȼӵвѷɫ޲Ķ
ԨȻΪ˿ϾԶңײǿóںӰӰذ´ӰͬΣͷȻһ𣬵١
һ𣡡
Ԩеĳһ񣬶Ȼ컨һһţ̨ӲҪûб֮ء
ڵµʱô
ʵԨʵУĲʲôһҵľƻ꽣ԹܹΣȴֱӳнԨܣʱľʽ֮һȴҲò
ʮ
һѾһ̨֮ϣǧѾһб̨پȥ֪Ҳʱ¶㱾ˡ
ȻתٶԽԽ죬УȻ𻩻һĳ͸ɫͷ·һ˵һˣŶԨѹ
֮еĳ콣׷Ȼɢ
Ԩɫ䣬ãȥȻһ̣¶Ȼǲţ顱һֱӵɶ³һѪ̨
һشܣ
֮ǰвĻ䵽ϣԽĽôҲ벻ԼһΪȻסһơ
̨£Ϊһ˵Ľ֣ȴ˸ɴ̨ҲһƬȻ̶
һߣų̂һµĲʥ۾һ˲𣬶̨ϵ˼


648 ѩа
ûԨܣֻǲʥҲû뵽ܵô죬ôɴ࣬ô⧲ȫڳʶ֮ڡ
Ԩ˭Ͼ˵ֻǿǰʮ֮УҲ˭׽ܵġ
Ҫ˵һ֮䣬޵ֿ֮Ļܣʵڳˣֻһܴ֮ﵽ
һ֮ˣȴ޲ǸĵһӣҸΪգܵͬѰӿһЩƵĶǿߣǣҲ˵ʤ㡣
ӦȫûдﵽŶԡ
˵ʹЩʵֶΣҲԴﲻϾ
Ͼ⣬һ֮˵ʤѩǶɣȾʥΪϽһҲԼﵽּ
ΪȻ԰һ֪֮еģϾǰ壬԰첻ҲǰʮܹõһΡ
˵֮ǰòˣСҲûеĽӣ桱ȻпʤѩǶɵȶһʵϽһǿ
ôܣ
ֻ˵ȥκһλӣҲ顣
ʵǰǣЧģһֿܡ
ǾǣԵĵȼѹƣ

ֻǿ֣ȡʤֻΪԾԵʵѹȵԨܷһȡʤ
ʥܿһĶ
˵ʵԱȼʤѩǶɣϾǿߣţһֿܣš
Ϊ׳ʵأǾǣȼѹƣܵȼѹƣҲпЧ
ȼѹƣʥţΪԨѨڵΪѨǿߣʵҲóҲѨΪԨǿ
ǾֻǼܵĵȼѹƣ
ԨĹʯҵļҴķͬһ𹦡аƷǰԵңһİƷֻбѹƵķݡ
ҪѹǶԷģǵƷоƷ
ôܡ
ϣںʳﻹеƷĴڣ
ϾֻһţӵеƷҪ˵ǵĵμӣǶɣһƽԨܣʥеж֡
ΪǶСУıϵص䣬ƷϽ׹䡷Ԩġͬһ𹦡ǾԵĵȼѹơ
ǣҲµӣ²˲֪
ԼŵͷϣҲܼðڵĵս˵ͨ
ԣųµӵĿܣеƷ
ʥ뵽һԼĲ²⣬һӱø̨ϵĽʣԺһ˿η塣
ΪеƷֻһܣߴŵĵ֮һֻǲ֪ΪԵʣ²μϾʿޡ
죬û

ֹʥһ˿⣬⼸ӣʶˣҲ˹֮ʱص࣬³ݲͬѰһЩ˵񣬶ʱù
ԭΪһѰͨɢޣû뵽ܻͷʣ⧲
̨ϣʹûһֱȥ֪пܱ˿
ΪµƷǼ֣ôԵֻҪϹӣ࿴ΣȻµóݡ
μϾʿ֮ǰ׼ֻҪμ̨ᱩ¶ʵݣҲηʲô
ݣΪ˽ӽ¼ңȻ˸׼ƾ¼ҵǿܲԼݣأҲһʱ䣬ò
ҪǣĿǰһѣһ塣
Ҳڰе¼ңһݣҲ޴˱Ҫ
ΪֻҪ˽һ϶֪ͨԼһ٣㣬ɿ
Ϊһ岼ǧγɵ鱨϶һܹȵġ
һϾʿϣ¶ݣҲûʲôҪ
ĿǰҲֻǲ²⣬û³Ҳ⣬ɵñȥ¶ѡ
ǺǣȤԽԽȤˣ
һߣĽ¥µӻķ򣬺ٺһЦȻֵ˵
Ƕɺеһ䣺ӷ𡱣Ҳû˵ʲô
ʤѩ۾һƺȤһЩҲûпڡ
ħ֮ĺˣȫڲʵĺɫ۲֮£ı鶼ڵʲôġ

ˡ
ܱ룬սʤսʤˣսȥ
ˣֽǰʮǧУûб滻ɹ˸еϧ
ϣһ˽֣˱ϣȻ˥뵽ǲϣǰʮڶ˲߸ѡ
ûϡ
ֱַ̨֣
ߺţʿʥս֮С
˺ţ컨Ůʦūʮһźʦ֡
Ǻս
ûУʥʦūӮսʹУʦʵԲҲû£϶У׷װ³ûгϡ
漴ٴݣҲǣĿǰĵսǰʮĹ
ǺʮĻᡣ
һ̨ϽѩɴŮʮŽ󶥼ңҵӡѩаħ¡
ʮ̨¸ˣЦʮĺš˾ϡ
ӵսҲڴķ֮ս
ħ£˾ϣӽĶӣܷ̣Ǽ˵Ľ֣ǣ˵ġ
죬˷׷Ծ̨վԶһʱüΪš


649 ѩ֮ŭ
ܶһʱԥ֪ҪȿħѩŮսȿ붾սϾ˫ʵ࣬ҿ϶ͬʡ
󲿷˿ǵ˾ˣսپʣҲÿ
ħѩŮһаһĿϣ϶ҲҪѡһ˴󲿷ˣͬһʱ̣Χһ̨֮¡
Ƕֻ̨мһ̨˲Χ£Լսйصѣ˶ȣԵЩ䣬̨ϵɫЩÿ
ܺòÿսҪ
ǾܴܲǰʮĹؽһս˶ܷġ

ʼɣ
ѩ±ɴŮһ˫Ŀ亮ǳԽҶη壬ؿ˵Ͻˮָ̣ͫ
ħ£룡
˵㣬ʩһսſʼ
ѩ±ɴŮֵ֪ĲҴ⣬һµ˲䳡ϾȻͬʱӰһʵ糯ħ¹˹ȥ
ͬʱ˫ʮָ·𴩻һһʱ̻䣬Ͻˮġ򻨷ɿ
ߣС
ħΪҵϯӣȻ֪Ͻˮ򻨷ɿж಻֪η壬ֻһЦһʱһƬĶɳе̻
飬飬顭
һ췢̻ڰײըһѤĻ𻨣һ̨һ꣬Ŀѣԣ̾Լѡûǿ̨϶ûôʵıˡ

ѩŮŲΣӰʹϽһŽڰƷƷ֮ĶӰת֮䣬̨֮ϵӰԽԽ࣬ԽԽ࣬Ȼﵽʮ֮ࡣ
ȻΣһһĻɳһȴɫԵԼĺâȻǷƷ
򻨷ɿĵڶأ
ħЦһԴأһ֣һϸ룬籩һһ˲ͽС
˲˼һĻˣһЩȴûըͬһУҲ䶯³һѷ
ǵø󣬼ħ³
ֶΡ
ħ֪ѩɴŮʵĲˣ֣ϾһЩ֮£Լ϶ˡ
ܹһأǰʮԼԵ
ݷôãΪȵĽһ죬Լڴ˰;ϡ
۾һƶʱǣɫ⻷޶ԣֻһţȻͬʱʮ⣬ֱһֱѩɴŮǰ
ɫ⻷ȻƺԿԽʱռľ룬ﵽ˼Ч
ƿգ
սѱϣȻҲŹȴùĦĻᣬҲһ̨֮¡
ΪѩɴŮһŮӲѡΪ˵Ĳ˾ϣҪʤһȨֻȡһ£Ȼѡһš
ǣ֮ǰħ·״İͱ״İʱȻҲ̾вԼħɫ⻷ֵһ˲䣬ĺ󱳣ȻɶȻһһ˿ϸϸܵĺ⡣
ɫ⻷Կ£
ңԼ䣬Ǿ⻷Щ졣
˼תħ²죬ֻǾ֪»Ǻһ֮һֻǳɾԶܵܡ
ԣħ¼ĻᲢ࣬ҲǼΣȻˣԼɫ⻷죬һǼ֮м
뵽⣬Ȼ֮Ժһ뵽һĻ
ɽϣ˲ͼʱ򣬴һãΨħ£ʱտʼʱҲûʲô෢ֱֻȻһһţ޶죬˳Ծ
ڿͼϣ򵽵ģӦþʩչƿˡ
ͬڵܶŲ˼ܣƷײǺܸߣȴԶȵܻӭҲϡ١
ŷƿգȻԹᴩգ˲ƣ˵˵ݹ죬𾪡
ѩɴŮʵûǰ򵥡
Ϊħ´һⳡսѽʱȻ֮䣬ѩɴŮϣزһѪ⡣
һǳ죬죬ѾԴһ˿ɫħɫ⻷Ҫ죬Ҫء
ɫâһţǧһ˲䣬ѩɴŮٶȾȻһ㣬Ͳ֮⹥ͬʱһӣķ·ɳһףħ¹˹ȥ
ϽˮѪԼ׷
׷вħȼĵӣʩѪ׷Ǿȫͬնˡ
Ǵ·ɫˮѵˮħµɫһӱüΪԴһ˿ɵԥƬ̣֣СһɫСС
͸ģľƿ֮ƺҺڻζ֮£һξӨ飬δ䣬ޣ롣
ܶˣûмİ
ԽĴ󲿷ˣһ˲ȫɫ䣬æȥͬʱŵغѩŮ֮ŭ


650 ѩָ
ң˵һ뵽Ĵʣ϶ǰ
ȻųưһңҲаܵõ˳ϣǧ꣬ǿֲļ֣ŽγһΪֵ
ڰˣǺ䶯µҶɻ롣
ҪҶɻ룬Ѿ常Ϻǲ׷ɱ֮£ɼӰ졣
ͬʱҶɻ룬ҲΨһȥǰʮİ
ߣС֮ǰħʹùİֲͬħµ£ܷӳ޴
壬СꡱǣѤöĿȡ
Щʲôǿֻ㵨ľǾɥģӦǺ֣Ҵʧ粻˼䣬ҵӣҲû˼ˡ
֣СѪһʹУûκҩܹȻ
Ϊ˵о綾ϻһһ·ʺһİߺۣ˳ԾĪʧˡ
ڶ֣Ǵ˿̣ħʹģССİѩŮ֮ŭ
ŭ޳
ǱѩŮ֮ŭ˵õдգ˵һֱŭûΥֻ
һ֣Сe㡱˵һöССķ҅e֣û˼ǧǰͼ棬ҲְֻĴ˵
ǣְ˭ҲûϵѾ䣬ħϣȻţڶıѩŮ֮ŭ˳Ȼ϶紫˵񣬵϶ҲСơ
ڣΪ˶ԸˮͫȻöѩŮ֮ŭȡ˳
̨һʱסϢµĺУҲʱ׼֣֮ⷢ
Ϊ֮˿ƣһܱʩҲ޷ջأһУĺġ
ֻϾʿޣ̨ˮͫͬСɣ˲֪ȻҲȻ̨Ϸ

ħȡССİɫ֮ɫֳһ˿ᣬգһҧһ֣˰գһϡ
ৡৡৡ
Ȼ֮䣬ɫͬѿǧٷ϶׹ţһĿİ׹˷
֮նֳһŤĲƣѩɴŮɫһЩ׹⣬ͷ·ڻһ㣬ֻðСĭվʧ١
Ѫؼӳ֣ɲ׷ħ׳ɫǰ޷֮ͱڡ
棬ѩɴŮһĻɴµıҲһӱԥƬ̣ȻһҧָԼ沿Ѩλָƿš
һ̣ѩɴŮۿɼٶȱ죬ʹɴؿ沿·һź֣ƣһʱٴα
ѩָ
ͣһһ֣˲һָ
һָתţͬһССӵͷ˲䴩Խ׹谭ħµǰüġ
飡
Ȼһʧȥħµ֧ţϿеɫѸֱԭʵϾģӿеˤħ»С
棬ȴСһѺۣ˿ޱʹ
ٶ༸ɫ񣬾Ҫ׻ȥҲԸԭˡ
ħееѺ۵İɫ񣬼ʹֺڡ
û뵽Ǵˡ
ȻٰСģѩɴŮʵԴ֮⣬ֹ󼲵Լ沿ѨָĳϹŽҪǣȻһŲӵƷĵƷָѩָ
ѩָݴĵƷΪսָױ治ȫ䵽Ʒеĵزʮ󣬼ֵ
Ͻˮ֮Уû˵ָĴڣҪͱ֪ˡ
ڿ϶ѩɴŮõⲻܹԼʵãֻܹ֣˿Լ˰ɡ
ջرѩŮ֮ų̆Ųԣñ˿ľޱȡ
ˣѩɴŮʤɹǰʮ
һ̨˾ϵսȻ˾ǼưٳʵҲͣ˵˾ϵͷõˮ©˾޼ƿʩϿ壬ʧܡ
ʤʮǿǰʮǿһȫռ޻ᡣ
ʮһûгɹȫʧܣԵǰʮ²ؾһ飬Ȼǲѡ
ʤˣȴĺϢ
ΪǽսΣ٣õһޱȵĻᣬֻҪյõλȥ֮󣬸˵ʵƱؼ籩ǣ޵ǰҲһӹ
ٴϢһ죬ڶʱٴ塣
˶֪ͷϷ١
ÿϾʿޣҲֵʱ
Ϊʱ̣νʮǿսϾףۣ̽о
пףƱؽ½޵紫һˣĿ̣¾޵ʷУҲȱٵһʡ
һ˳ѽݾٵˣҲ޷Ŀɲѡ
ҪǣһһμƷԼöǮн봫дʸⲻܲۺ졣
Ҳףʵ׾һڣϾʸƺŵģҲôȼ˶ѣˣֻܿ֡
ֻһЩףǲ֮ƣҲ֮ǵλ֮
Ϊÿ׵ˣļ壬ɣҲԶӰ죬ɺӡ
ʤѩ¼ңǶɣ£ҽ¥ˣħ֮һȡʤңţ򣬶ؽǣλ


651 λս
Ͼʿ޵λսһֶӮùƽҲࡣ
Ͼǿǿײһ־ҪˢЩ˾Ͳ̫ƽ
ڣÿ˶Ҫ˷ֱսһΣʤܳԼ
ϾףҪսʤʸ񣬰ٰۣʤ̽ʤ
ս԰ܣȻҪ䵽ĩβĵزһʤʤλ󣬲

ĿǰǰʮʸĵУռλֱʤѩҲռλֱǻʦū
ֻһλǡһ˪ۡǧУһλЦص
һλ¡ϯǶСУħ֮һλغˡǧ۹ӡ
λϽֱѩɴŮӡˮͫԼϽ֮סʿʥ
Ͼ򣬽󣬽ңϽռʤߡϣ󺣣ħ֮Ĵֻһ˽Ŀǰ·硣
˶ףģǰ壬ǰһ
ǰʮҲ˵ȥܸһҲֻȻӡ
ǻصԼĵ򣬻ҫһϾ½סģҲǰ壬ǰ
ȻһΣؽд棬
һһʮšΪУҲ徳棬򣬴½ϣסģҲֻһǾϾ׵֡
ܴ˴˥ģҲֻϾ׵֡
ȻУҲ徳棬ЩˣҲһᱻ˼סΪûõһӡ
Ͼ徳棬ܶҲֻùĳһڶΡ
֮һʱûжõһֻǶ̫ǿǱʵ㡣
ϾһЩʱĳһݺᣬλĶŸ֣ʱһռΪһʱѻ
ǵ˼˳ޡ

ӹ죬Ͼʿʮǿλսʽʼ
ǳǩս֣һΣ˱㶼ǺˣϾ۳磬Ҫһսǿûʲô
ȻҲ˵ûС
Ʃһʵϣһһǿߣǿ϶ú޻֮˻ʧȥģ淢ʧҲûпܣξͽ䡣
һˣһϵȫߣսʤƣսʤһԼ޷սʤĶ֣һλҲûпܡ
Ͼƣģս⣬ҲǾʤֹؽ֮һ
ȻּʣԽСѡ
ϾڳУѾûߣԼľƿأǷǳֲģӮϲŭȻҲ߲ز
鵽˰˺ǩʤѩţǶĺţţħ֮ĺˡǧ۹ӡߺš
ˣֱһʮš
һʦū
ֱ̨һƬȻ
˭Ҳû뵽һ󶥼űҪϡ
Ȼǳ£һսӮҲܾǷ˾ֻһܽǰ壬Ҳȷʲô˿ĵ¡
ʮƽһ㲨ӣֺӣξһƣƮ̨վһǣؿһߡ
ʦūһϮ¿·һһŤˮ̨ŶĽȥ߱գգ۾磬ūҿɲĶ֣Ȼ֣Թ˼СŮһ㣬һЩ
Ż
̨²ˣʦūⷢǵĵˣһתͷ㵱³
Ȼڴ˿̨̣䡣
ƺ޹һ׸ģʦūߵߣȻȻ֣һֻֻɫƮצȫѨȥҪһͽס
Ȼվ̫Сƻˡ
˵ûСƻȻҲһϳǰϷֻΪûһԴ⣬ų˻֣ȡʤ㡣
ֻǡվС˻ʵ
״ǣֻ¶һ˿ǳǳģЦݣҲû˵ʲôȻһˣʱͬһ̫ȻҵĹâȻ֮ǰħ·ѩŮ֮ŭʱְ׹⣬ҪңҪֲ
һ̣·ѩһӣʦūЩɫƬֲ֮£һɢ֨֨ҽһ̨һʱͬĺ
ʦūɫ䣬кɫһ˲شۡһ³һѪɫףæȥ
Ȼȴֻᡣ
ңô˱ô
ָ
ˡһХֻƮͬһתųϼ⣬һָ̨ϿգһԵĽָۣХţת׷һʦū
ء
һĻҲ֪ʦū漱ǼټȻһ˲۰ᣬ磬ͬһطģα˺֣ūˣĩҲÿ
һ˵һ߼ææҵٴٻʮֻɫںһ赲Ǽǳָ
ȻǼǳָǿԵһ˲ֻںϳɵɫʦūǱ߷Ӷȥ磬ףƲƺҪһָɱ
ȻһʦūĻȻ֪û龡Ǽ⣬ǲԥһ˲ɫ仯£һ֣ǵʦūĳָɢߵֶΣ²Ϊɣ
ʦū׼ӡٻֵû뵽Ȼľһ㶡
һ֮󣬺ܿͷӦϲɫ̨æлл磬лл硭
ý󶥼֮һڻ¾Ȼֲ˼غϣȻ˿϶ףʦūûȫҲûȫ־ǰĸ֣һ䡣
Խҵĳü꣬ʵ֮ǿΪ֮ʵڹŽ񺱼ٶԿ֮ġ


652 Ҷѩ
ȼˣֻûĶ֡
ӵоʵˣĻη壬Ȥս⡣
ս
ڶսźŻ
ûκɣ֪У䣬һʤĿǰͻеһ
ڴսս䣬˶ģֲ
ǿһսֻ»㾡ȫҲǺĶ֣ҪôˣҪôĹأӰ״̬սһΪġ
ԣɴ䣬ܱ־״̬õӦԽսõܻһЩȻ˳ޡ
ǶɶԲʥ
ʥǺǶɶսɫѿ̨󣬿һ۶һ°ɮ۵ǶСУӳ˳飬ԥƬ̣Ҳǵս
һ仰Ȼ
ȼķսпԭϾûһϣĶ֣õѡ
ʥͬ
ϽһȻͻͬһ֮ףһ֮ףɸ߶ˡ
ˣʱǶɶսȻռ࣬ãϱõ£Ҳûһ˿սʤǶɣӶøһ
ֻǣȴȻȻֹͷˣԳвǶɡ
ˣһʱ۷׷ףбӲģҲаȡȨ䣬֪ʱʶġ
һսȻҲҲǧ֮һĻᣬսʤǶɣӶøߵ
ģȴղҰܶ飬սɥʧ
صǣǶȶһսΣҪƾƴȫµģֻ״̬˶顣
ԭܹսʤĶ֣Ҳʧȥ˻ᣬ˷̣ʱǸЦ
ʥ̳̣һʱԸܱ˼ЦҲҪԼѵ״̬Ӧһ֣ԣò˵ΪûдͣǺһزġ
ΣʥѡʧܣԶɥʧ˾һĻᡣ
ԣûܻõһѡ񣬷ǻ۵ġ
Ƕɻһʤͬеһ
ĳ
ʤѩˮͫ
ˮͫգ˼۾û֮⣬ȻҲˣˣ̨һƬ
˭Ҳû뵽һĳսֱ䣬ȻҲ֮УҲûôӵİɡˣһô
ֻܱŽսӾʣǿǿײʱ˼ȴȥȻ峡һս١
桱ԡһ˪ۡǧС
桱һƥ֮ܶǰû֣սʤ컨ŮʦūԼ³ལԨ˲֡
ҽһ֪ҲйٴľɽᣬᣬȻʱж̣ȻܸʤѩƴжܣʵɣûСˡ
һ˪ۡǧУϾ֮һ桱ӵͽܣһΪҲõ֤֮𺳡
˶ϣһĴˣһ½ĺ˭ܻʤȻΪ˹עĽ㡣
Ȼƫ̹
󲿷ΪȻкʤѩԾвܵľʱʤѩ϶֡
ƾǧеʵ˵һʤʤѩŹоûκ⣬УУʤѩҲδõˣǿðǧеľӶࡣ
ȻҲһСˣΪʦū׻ܣֻĿǰ¶Ҳȫʵһսб
̨£֣ɫҲһ˲֪Ͼʿǿһ֡
һعȥǰ֮λûκοܡ
ǧпɲʦūԨܱȣʦūȻ죬ʤȴξˣ֮ǰδչ¶񹦣пܶԼӰ졣
ԨᣬеĻһʵôҸоãˣսʤ˲һɾ͸С
ǧУȴǵľԺУвˣʥ¡
ʱʹõиӰ罣˺ӡ
ԣԲκСһʧܵĿܣ˵ãҪչ¶һЩʵˡ
˴㣬ɫһ޷ʵϲŭͬʱӰչһ飬ֱƮ̨վһ
һߣǧкޱ飬ɫ信һϮѩҲԾ̨վһˡ
Զһһף㶼ޱ飬·ĺ
桱Ļţ桱֣˵һУŲ絶ǧУǺʤѩ˪£͸һصţį֮⡣
ˣվһһսƱؼҵĻ𻨡

ˣԶ̨ɣ
Ȼһµİǧ俪ڣԴһ˿ɳƣ£סһֻ۾˵Ҳͬ飬ѪҺ̡
üһһս֪ʤ˭ʤ˭ܣδ֮أ
ãȻ֪ôǰĳȫ㣡
Ǳ䵭Įǧһ֣͡һͳеĳ
һͬѩĳ⻬羵һ˿ߺۣ澹ӳ˵Ӱɢɭĺ⡣
ƷҶѩգΪһο棡
еǱѩٿȻһĿĹֱۣؿڳ伲⣬Ȼ˲ĿѼ
ÿĽ٣
һĻֹ̨ϵ΢ݣ̨ˣҲǷ׷׿øεһ˲һ䣬ͬҪеԼĿ
ϣõһˣ˿ҲɽĿעڰǧеһ֮ϣĿ΢ɫ


653 鼶
ǧһȻǶвСв
ʮǰ桱ӵͽܣȻͬΡ
Ȼ̨֮ϣһȻܵмµٶȣȴûжٺ¡
ٶȣġ
ԣֱʩչӰֻһͱܹһȻͬٲ𻰣ͬ޹ĽͼžĽУԴԴĹ˳ȥ
ȻȻ¶˵Ʒ޹ĽҲûвҴŵıҪˡ
ϰǧĶ֣ºƷԵУǶԶֵĲأҲǶԼĲء
Ȼ˵ǧ˾ʤʤѩֻ˵ʱͨд裬ʤ޹ؽҪһսʤһսɵĽزͬ
ҸҪǣʱʤѩõģҲһƷǼƷڰǧгеҶѩԶԶԶһ
ƷƷȻ֧穣ôһսֱ֮һƷǧеƷԹˣȻɲ顣
ԣǣĶսȻдҪȫԸ
ңó޹ĽʵΪһعá

ĽУȻλеƷľȫۣ԰ǧмĽ⣬ȥǽ·硣
һߣٶȣܿǧеĴ󲿷ݽУֲܵ£һѰһᡣ
ǧУýٶһʼӵ˼һһ磬Ѹ׵磬ȴֳ͵ıֱš
ңȻ׷ҲСҲһŶİƷ̺һ˿Σʮйȥ˾Ȼ뽺֮ơ
һ죬Է׷ϣֻܲͽ͵ķŹҲԷ
һߣȴʹֻżܴһҲгòֳӦЩżȻĽ
ʮйȥǧڲͷˡ
ֻ𣬸Ҳһս
ãԸ
֮ģԣȻȻһͣվԭأֳ޹Ľû㡣
ãҵġ
ǧм״ʹľУҲһ˿ϲɫ
һζȥǧлûʲôð취ͻȻ߶ٶٴδйϣ
ǰǧΪֵӵĶ֣ԲԸʩչϾЩ⣬һʩչ彫ٰʱϵʱ䡣
ʩչڽ֮ˣսʤһ˳սȫ䣬ʲô塣
ԣȻԸΪһˣӦõ˳Լû뵽ȻϹ
ЩõĲ²⣬Ǻ潻սĿģֻµˣܺùһжԷ
ңҲԼʵоԵš
սʤʦūԨҲȫϡ
ץסᣬһ̨
֪ʱѵãܶԷʲôıǧжսپ˴һͣ߶ҶѩԼľС
Ӱ罣
գľԺУǧԸɺеһٴηУһĿİ׹⣬׹磬ֱĿڶȴС
ʵĽУʵڽӰУԷȥǵ׹֮ʱŻἤ
շɺУûпһеİ㣬ڣȻôޱ
һߣһȻûܣҲûȥؿڷİ׹⣬ǺȻһ̧޹ĽŵصһӰȻ
ͣ
˸𣬵صһν⣬漴ɢڴʱǧУȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ܶкһȴȻ֣ǵӵİ׹⣬ȻȻ٣ĿڳҸǣŴ̶ķ֮
һ˻Ȼ׹ˡ
ǧһУȻʵʵ֪һ¶϶Ϊİ׹УӰʵʵһȴˣ˵ľӰУ׹ʵ
İյյԶԴһ£ʤ֣ûκصء
ʵʵ顣
˻𷨿ɺеһʱŻȻףԭʵһֱģбҪʱʱԱʵʵҲʱ顣
ȻŽҲɮ֮һеˡ
ΪҪһܣһսʤѾʱ򣬽һĻ龰ˡ
׹磬ѸٻۿǷӦȻӲֱӹᴩĿڣȻ׹ɳɻصǧϣʾҶѩӡ
УأѪĳߵûз
Ӱ˵ǰȻһһֱ飬Ȼ顱һըγһѺɫܿɢ
֪ʱ壬Ȼ˻Ӱ

һĻǫ̃˹սǣԼڸսİǧУһ㶣ȫû뵽
ǧУķӦ˹ã߱ԼǻӰأ
һתȴӭ棬һƹ⣬ӯӯ綹ֱԼλϮֻһ㣬Ҫĺ󾱣ǧһΣ
ֶΣ
ǧмæŲһܹһͷǲһ˿ϸϸܵ亹ȴûй͵Ϯдһ˿ͣ޵
ȻٽƭˣȻҲܹٻƭģֻǸ˵ѡ
УҲֲˡ
ңȻԿٽѾΪ˶֡
ֽȻԼһֲǻۣ˳ޡ
һ˿ⲻһ׽սľˣ֪¸Ӽѣǰɵ̬һʧУȴ壬Ծһ˿ֵ˷ս⡣
һ˿˪ðȻѸȫ˫ۡ
ֻе˷֮ʱŻ֡
˫ۣ˪֮۵˲䣬ͬһ㾧Щ죬ƺԷǧĸֹâ
һĻ̨¼¸ɮ˲ɫһ䣬һӹս̨վ˼ؾ鼶ǣ
ЩһĻˣ鼶֣ҲȻһݣȻڿھ
ףΪʲô桱ӵͽܣȴõýˡ


654 
ǧ磬ǧǧ򣬲˳ֻҪʱ䲻ֹ޾
Уʸ̤޵һ;һǣЩ̤֮;ˣļҲر
Уʺõˣһͱȱ˿٣õˣܵõԴõˣСиָ㣬׵õᡭ
ܷɱһѪ·ҪԼ
УĲܾʵĲͬ
ͬݣܾͬΪʵĲͬӴҪһȫͬĵ·
ЩˣһŹֻҪ죬һ£ЩˣܷѾ˼ϼ꼸ʮʱ䣬һ޷ͻơ
޳ʺõˣһֱĽͳ̣
֮УҲв𣬾콾ţһţţţͨţƷʣƷʣƷʣƷʣƷʡ
һ˵ƷʵˣҲͱͨǿһ㣬ϣ̤޵֮·Ŭ˵бҲ߲˶Զ
ǣõĳĵҩݻпܸĻˣҶҩлõ񽣷ɵһ֡
ֻԵģϾˣŶ롣
ż˵ģܳŲ㣬㲻лͻƻԪģһ
ƷʣϣͻƵԪԪҲ͵ˣͻƻԪڶѣҪ˵ڡ
ƷͻƻԪֻ࣬Ҫû̫ıʣÿƷʵĴڣа˾ųҵϣͻƻԪԪкڣ۷壬ͻѨһս
ƷеˣͻƵѨģҲǧһ
ʴﵽƷϵˣѨ࣬Ҳܴ󣬼߳ϵİաԸţʳڵĵӣ˿ӡ
ΪÿƷʵĵӣٶܳһѨڸ˵ӵ̣ǿмĻ֮һ
ǼƷǼޡ
޵磬ǧʷУƷʵҲв٣ѨǴгǻԶƲš
Ϊʹͨţʵˡ
νʣǾǳ˲츳֮⣬ͣѪ壬ǣ
УΪ

ħµĸ£мģǺ壬µȵ塣
ʻ֣µĺ壬ӵȵԸһӦš
ŮϾ飬Ϻеȵ壬еȵҲ㼫Ʒ
֣ͳ£ﵽż𣬶ڶУҲϡ
գĳɾҲûʧ£ȵʱŵӶҪһЩ
ʱø峤󾪶һ壬콣ԭǿΪӵӦѩ飬콣壬Ǹ˲ãǼƷ壬ڶż
콣ڼƷУ⣬ӦѩʣӦ޽ӽڸ콾һ
ҲѹôӱԶͬյһͻѨ½
֣Ʒʽ񾳽ģ˵ǰ޹˺ߣҲǹŽУ˸޷ģµġ

޵ձһʣӵеģɾͶ̫С
ûӵеˣʴﵽƷҲٶȱȱ˿һЩɾͿ϶ӵеĴڣΪûӵԡ
ͺһܳɳһСĲ㣬ʹɳٶٿ죬Ҳô޷ܻ̣һЩʳġ
ʵá
˵壬ѪһϵĴС
ѪһʣȺһ壬ֻ汲ʱֹĳ־Ĵڣ󱲣лõͻ־磬ͬʱӵ
һ壬ӵеġ֮һѪ
ͬʱĳɳ㣬Ҳȱ˸ܱ࣬һӣҲǼĳɳ
ѪûƿģֻҪʱԴĶͻٰθߵһĵزմļ޾磬򼸺ͣ
Ƿ֣Լ汲Уֹһλλٷϵǿߣ󱲵ӵѪŨȣͻĵӾǿһЩ
ҲһЩ
ͻƿҲࡣ
ȻʱţϷϢѪἫ̯ʧޣ»عͨ塣
һλٿԸ׾ǿʮ֮ڵĵӣָƷʵĸʣҪ˴öࡣ
˻â棬Ǹ¡
Ǵãǰٴ˥в
磬ڻǧ壬壬ǻâµѪǵĳɳͱȳ˸߳࣬ѨĸʣҲԶͨ塣
ؾޣʹǻâµѪҲܵѹơ
ǰͻƷ¶ףں󱲵УҲʹﵽѨûôˡ
ؾ޽⿪ǵѪõţп˲ӿִͻףһ
ǣѪɲ䣬Ϊ츳
Ϊǲǡ
ߣֲ˵ǵǡ
Ʋͬ嶼һġ

νǣһԼڣĳһعӣط죬ӵ˽ӽһ
ǽعǡ
죬£ʮѣû˳ɹ˳ɹҲǲĿǰ½ϣû˼ǳ֡
ǣȴ
ǧǰ½һʮСţ׼ҡ
һ̱֮ҹ׼һӤǡ׵罻ӣľӤķ䣬ĸ׵
ȻǾܽȥȴӤȻɴϢ糣󣬱˱󣬻ϵðһһ̡
̣ʮղɢ
ӤΪ֮ﳤ󣬴С˽֣֮Ҳ¶˺ͳ˲һĵطÿ֮ҹУһ޶˸֮âʱƷܡ
һλ·֣ΪӣӴˣ׼ҵһǧΪɿ죬󣬽ʮ꣬ͻƷٹʮ꣬׾ӴâĴţɡ
ΪɿܣҲ˱˳Ǳǣ֮ҹ׵壬ʣȻӵһκѼĻԵ
һ۹ǣ˴׵羫Ϊ׹ǣϵֱˮһ·ͻƵ׺ڣɣֱӽ׻âҲûпܡ
ԣǵǿֻ֮ǣҲʱδޣͻ׾
ڣʹӵǣҲ͵ͷˣͻ׼ܣҲ˷ˡ


655 ޹
Ϊ䣬һ׷ռĿ꣬ǿɼռĿꡣ
һĽʣۺ쵽޵顣

к֣ܶΪγԭ֮ͬʱ죬б𣬵мأ׹ǣǣħǣǵȡܶ֡
콣ǣҲһ֡
һֶ츳Ӧѩ콣壬˿˵ϡϣй֮
ϰ޵ȺУһӵ콣ǣ޽ţ𽣷ֱһǧûƿ
䣬ҲǲѧϰĽ
ҸҪǣһͨĽǵУҲܷӳ˵ڽԶѰô󲿷ݽʿ
ǲ
ȻȻ죬Ȼϡ٣Ȼ䣬žͲֵǮˡ
ǵĳ֣ʵѣʱ˺ͣȱһɣһҲܳһеģǧҲѼһ
ȻҲǶһǿҲм֣֮յأһΪ졢ء顢弶ǣٶȻһЩƷء
ȻͼķǣҲһƷҪǿǣܶһЩķǣѾһЩƷ塣
鼶ǣҪöˣÿһ֣ԱһּƷ壬Ŀǰǧ¶콣ǣһ鼶ǡ
ڸǣؼǺ켶ǣ½ϼǴ˵ҲǳֹһΣ֮ǰλϵ׹ǣһǡ
ؼǻû˵ҲУֹһΣ½ûС
켶ǣƭ磬Ҳ֣ܳҲ磬пܴڡ
ˣǱض׾âϴڵţ¾ƣҲ޲ǵġ

ǣҪӦ⹦ĵܷӳЧá
콣ߣֻϰ֮ʱܴʣչһǧ
ϰǹϰϰǿľѧܷӳҲѰˡ
ԣ˸̾޿κΡ
ʮϵĹǵĳɳȱ˸ѡ
ԣŻȻ׵Ϊʲô桱յĵӣõѧˡ
Ϊӵ츳ĵӣýĶѧǲǱ
ܶ˶õ桱ʱǰһŵ˷ܣ˿ɬΡ
ΪԼһһУûҵƫƫҵһӵж⽣츳ˣԿ
ǧһǿҵ϶Ҫϲ񣬵ȴʳ֮ζֿ֮ϧ
գǲԸһŹˣһʱҲʺĴˣһ취ԼıԽʹУȻǧе˳һ׵Ľ֡
ϾͨĽڰǧеҲɢĹâ
ο桱ӵĵǲ־˵ͨ¸ı˽УܽԭʽѷɫǧŴĵ֮ϡ
ȴǱ޷ġ

Ǽ֣ű¶ԼĿǰƣǧֻսپ
Ͼ߶ǣȻǿ󣬵ҲľʹűҲˡ
ŲһƮǧеҶѩٴεһΣʹͬˡ
Ľһһ磬۶޷壬ֻղȻ׹һƬУԼ˸һεΧ˹޿ɱܡ
罣
һΣǧʩչĿ罣ԼΪĸӰ罣ˣٶȺﵽ˼ޣһУǷˡ
콣ǵĿ¶
ǧеĽ٣Ҳࡣ
ԭ࣬ڣȻ֧穣ʹӰѾӽƷĲΣȫܿ
ҸҪǡ
ԻӰԻǧУܹһʱΣʱźȻ֣ǧǲ㾧Ө֮ⲻ˸Ȼſ塣
˽ǣȻ۾ǿ£
ͷɸ̾Ȼ콣ǣ˵ȫλģԼĻá
Ҳá
ȻãһΣҲ˺ʤģǧеʵеѹҲеƾеĳ졣
ս£ͻơ
ûд߶ѥһʼͰԼļٶȱ¶Ŀһת깦Ȼͬʹ޹ĽһһٵǧеҶѩڰཻ
飬飬飬飬顭
һһǣѸף˵Ľ⣬ڰвײһǷɽ
ԼĽ뼼ɷӵ˼£ͼžУͼžںʮ־ȻӲӲǧе罣˸൱
ƾĽȫ޷˽ǵİǧᲢ۵ģ깦һоֲһˡ
ʶУͬˮƲտʼʱʮֻأԽԽ죬ԽԽ졭
һЩؾ·ı仯ĳһ˲䣬ʶеľȻһԾȻһƬֱͻƵ깦ڶأﵽ˲𵴼
𵴼깦ɱԭһصˮ𵴼Ҫǿ̫ˡ
һһ˲䣬оԼʶްθߣԿǧд̹ÿһ㣬ģԷǿĽ٣Ȼǰ
Ǿǿ󣬴Чˡ
ԣĽٺȫ޷ǧȡ
ڣܿԷÿһȻ׼㣬ֱӻС
ÿһоס˰ǧеĽ࣬һÿһλУǧеĽٶһ٣̶ѹҪѪԽû
ľ͸׿ԷĽ㣬˲ѭǧеĽԽԽȻ̨µ˶ܿóĽⲻٳ
ߣ
ǧһû뵽ȻܽӵסԿƵ罣ͷһ˿أսپĴ㣬ֻʱˡ
ΪֻãʹشˣٶȲУǾͱȾ
֪ȥ罣Ҳ޷ʲôá
Է֪ʲôֶΣÿһζܿԼĽ򣬼̶ԵĹòԿƵĽĻһֵ
޹
һΣȻһĽԽʹУʹʦѧǿĹʽ֮һ
޹̥ԡ桱ӵ޺쳾罣ȡ޶֣䵶֮٣޹ȡ쳾֣䵶֮棬֮֮۾Ī⣡
еҶѩһһ⣬·쳾ɣġ
ǽɸӦüɣȴȷǵУóһԵеˣ粻嵽׸ðǽķʽֵѹѪ
ҲҲƿضԷĵ򣬶ʩչ깦ĺǲ֢Ҳ¶һʹƣ
ֻ㣬ǶԷ֮󣬽Ѿܸȥ̶Ƭ̼䣬ա
Уܼȥˡ
۾һѾѸٽⳡս
ǧʵǿǣ޷ԿĵزοԷнǣԼûеƣ
ٴһˮ޺ۣһ̧֮е޹ĽңңİǧУһ˲乴Ժеƾ⡣
ʹºǣĻ޹ĽһҪñǣ˽ȻԹͨԺеƳŵľ⣬С
ҲʹøѥһֱɰǧзԭΪĵҲûб¶



656 ǧ۹
̨һȺ˴ɻ󲻽⣬ΪκȻˣվԭأɰǧвϳֱֳָֻŶԷ
վ̨ϵİǧУܾͽزͬˡ
Ȼãˣúܲһ
أԸоΣգֻܲߣҿеҶѩת޹仯Ϊ
ʱ
ˣ
Ȼһͬٿ֮£̨һ
̶ֲĽϲɢܱߵ̨棬ȻҲܲסֽи֧飬Ѻۡ
е޹Ľһ˲һĿĳ磬ֱİǧй˹ȥ
пܣǣ⣿
һ̣ǧֻоĶھݵ콣ǣܵѹƣ˲һƶйʱľ⹥Ѿǰ
˾ΣҰǧУκˣĺ𣬸ƣ
䣡
һҧٴηһпɲĹ·״ĽϵȻ˿˿Ƶس˹ȥľ⹥
ʹܵѹƣİ಻ô䡣
Ȼһжͽ͡
̳һ·ʱռ䣬ƺ羭죬֮ռ˲䱻⣬Ȼʵʡ
ǧзЩɫ״ȫȻƺһ𣬱һ˶ĺɫ
ĽӰȴΨһһֻۣһ͵˰ǧеǰֻһƣ
ǧʹҲղסеҶѩҶѩһԶԶص˳ȥ
ˣ峡һһԽϣ桱ӵͽܣǧУܣ
ʤ

ڲս֮󣬰ǧţգǿЦһ߹ȥʰԼĽЩǵ̨
ߺҲȥԼľУ̨ϿյǶɫνɢһһֵʧС
Ųһ£ǿ̨ҲһЦ
ʹ깦޹Ľ⣬ǧУһ¾ʧĴ󣬲ץʱָһֻµսͻᴦˡ
˵Ҳûƣȼսһ̽䣬ԷԼһ㣬Լѵֵ
οҲףԽϵĶԽǿǧУҲӵнϺõʣûĶ֣ںء
뵽ˣֶ룬ָԼľ
ֻϧʿ޻ʤҩС굤ʹ񵤶ʯ׿зõˣָܹҩʮֺҲûи࣬ȻԸӿٵĻָġ
ԺҪ౸һЩԷһ
ֻ£Ȼʱ

һս˵Щ֮⣬硰һ˪ۡǧоȻˡ桱ôҴоȣҲˣΪ˱Ͼʿһƥ
Ͼ󲿷սԤ֮УҲûжʧ
ܿһ콣뾫棬ʮֺ˴񫣬̾С
ֻϢСʱڶսٴοʼ
һʤѩԾ֪У䡣
ڶԾʦūΪ֮ǰ̨Ѿʦū䣬ٻһʤĿǰѾﵽʤĵز
Ծʥ׻ʤʥܡ
ĳԾˮͫʤ
峡ǶɶԾǧУǶʤ
һ֣ûκڣʤĶʤ˸ðܵĶˣʥˮͫǧеȣ֪У̽ԵĽ˼УҲ䣬˴ò²𣬺޼飬Ҳ졣
ܿ죬սٴοʼ
һΣڣǿǿײٴݡ
һûʲô㣬Ծȡʤ
ȻеʵڽһؿԳưԣĿǰʮУʵӦĩġ
ǧжսʤȻڻ¡
ȻԷҲʣŬҪռȻֻǽӰһԽԷϿ壬ûʲôʽ
Է׷Ҳ׷ֻбķݣʲôȤ䣬ʣҲֻнһ
ڶԲʥʤ
ǶɶˮͫǶʤ
ĳľʸ̨߳£Ҳ۾һ
ʤѩħ֮غˣǧ۹ӡ
ţڵ־ϣȷ֮⣬Ҳ֮С
ϾսĴ󶥼֣ǰϵļʣ͡
ڵֲϣҲˡ
һǽһˣȻŶ̶̼꣬ȴն˶޷Ĺâ
һȴĪħ֮Ψһӣǧ۹ӡţҲսекڣ˲Ŵģţ֪ĹһĪ⣬ѷ
սײĻ𻨣˭ջʤһʱǣ̨˵ġ
֧ʤѩΪǽһ¼ҵĺ󱲣о츳һΪ춯أ˵ǱпܶȡھҲΪ
ħ֮ĵӣڼûʲô˽ħ֮֮ڵ⣬ֻǴӱ˿Ĵ˵ȻԶһ㡣
Ҳ֧Ϊħ֮򣬶ǹĪĴڣһһ궼ѳһӣȴȻ߳һμϾʿޣȻмġ
ʤѩʵǿҲⲻҪܡ
ֻǹ˵˵˭Ҳ˵˭˵˶ľ֣ʤѩ˭ʤ˭ʤѩһһһһ壬в˸ȥעգһ
վһ̨֮£Ŀ˸Ȼûȥμ˵ĶעҲںʵĶԱȣ²˭ʤ˭


657 ޾
ӹʤѩͬʱԾ̨Զ
롭
ʤѩһϮ£溬΢ЦһҲսǰĽš
ߡһ飬֮£һ۾˸ŵ֮ɫ࣬ħʮֹ졣
Ĭһ£ŵ¼ң£˵Ͼʹ£ҲĹ塣
ʤѩüͷ֪˵ʲôûмŶ֣ȥ
ȴ˼¼һһˣ˵ʿ¼µϣã֪٣ĳһԣǲʵ
ʤѩԣܵ˿е֮⣬üͷ΢һ£漴ɹȻЦֳħ֮򣬿ЩƲ¼ҵӡ޷̨֮һԱ֪
һ䣬һУ˲һ׹Ž֡
֮һͷλֱ˸⻪ԲǷԽʿ֮ϻõͷƷ̽ѩ
ý
עĿʤѩеĽ׹ŽĿ˸һ˦ҲãǾԣħ֮޾ζ
䣬֮ϣǲĺۣ޷緭ƺʲôصħޣҪ
ͬʱһɫ壬ϳ֣һȦһȦУϵƣʱұ󣬾Ȼ̨
޾
棬ʤѩԣɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀ˸£ҲͻָԭϹŴ˵Уħ洫Ųȱħ֮ħϵǳˡ
̫ˣ
˻һ䣬ٿȻһ̤һΣͿԽʮɵľ룬ʤѩǰ顱һһƣͬһɺ˲佫ʤѩΧ
ħ޹ȭ
ʤѩһ۱ϳ˶Էʹȭ޾һŶİƷȭΪ壬һһʱð
ֲ֪룬ûŲ׾һ֣Ȼ¼ڹͬʱľ֮
ֲĺ˲ɢʤѩеķ̽ѩһʱʮĿ⣬ӭħ޹ȭһ˲佫ɢ
飡
˻ɳȥĺɢ࣬࣬һϸϸѪۣشʱŭ
Сˡ
һߣԲ֪ʤѩľ飬ܴ֮󣬲٣ŭЦһһֱе漴ſȻһȻһĳ
֮һ˵ֻ֣ʣɿݵĹͷɢճżƬ⣬ɭ޿ɲ
һ֮иԼкɫʮֹâһͬطΪĿ飬˲ӡʤѩֽҪַȥ
ħ֮󶥼Ʒ֮һķħƣ
ʤѩϳ֪ʹһŶƷ
žҪħ޹ȭߣѶȸǿһɹҲħ޹ȭ
ԸӲӣŲתʩչʤѩƮƮһߣܿһƣͬʱеķ̽ѩؾʽ֮һҹʮơٴʹ
һΣɷ̽ѩʹĽҹʮƣɱȵһʩչĽҹʮҪǿ󣬿µöˡ
ֲĽɢպȻ˿˿ƣ֮ͬиȫ£Ȼǰң޿ɱܣȻһȺ֮С
ȻʤѩȻҲС˺˵һ֮
ķħƣٽʤѩǰ֮ʱٶٿȻһȻȻмĺɫʮ֣ͬУϮи˲ʤѩҹ꽣ڰײ
֮ͬ䣬Ȼһգֲ𵴲飬顭ʤѩ˸˳϶ݳһ˿Ѫɫ
Ӳƴһʽ˾ǲ£ͬʱˣ
޹
˼״ŭһ֮ٴγʤѩ̵۾УŹĹâ˫ͬʱɫߣڰһ״ңңʤѩ¡
ǲˣ
ʤѩ״̾һҡҡͷ֪ĸ֣ٲʹȫֻԼΣա
캮
˲ޣʤѩ£ԭĺ˲ᣬȻ˱һĹ壬ϣγһ׵ģ
Σȴϰθߣеķ̽ѩɲĽ⡣
ʽҹ⣡
ɫɫڰнײ£һ鱬ͬʱ𣬲ʱѾʤѩǰɾ롣
ֻҪһգ۵Ĺ򣬱ܵǰ
β˭ŵ
ʤѩ״壬еķ̽ѩ裬ʽһһУͬˮʹһγһпֲں֮УŶĺ˹ȥ
Ȼ˭Ҳûϵ˵ıƺʢһ
֪Ǽ⵶ʤѩˣǲУʤѩעǰ࣬ɱУʵ˳һɲǣͲ׼ǰڷ
ƣ
ڵһƻӳͬгһ޴ĺɫ޻ģǻȴһֲϺڼ̣˸ɭâ˲佫ʤѩнȫڽȥȻɸɾ
ٺ٣ϵˡ
˭֪ڴʱʤѩϣͻȻ¶һЦݣȻŲܿȥ
뿪һ˲䣬Ȼ󣬵֮ϣһſֲĴ˲𣬽еǶ޴ɫ޻һסԽԽԽԽ
ʤѩһȭɫ޻ͺһһ飬ΪһϺ˲ʧӰ١
˾бƣԪˣһ˲ɫѩףȻں˿ȴܿóܵĺһ˲Сɡ
ǣ޵
׹ڵأһ˫۾ŶʤѩǲŭȻţʤѩȻľȻһſµ
ɱһĵˣҪǣԼĵԶ䵽УԷץס㣬һ˲Լɵĵ
һиýˣ𡣡
ʤѩɫ˵Ҳоѹ˶ԷԷ壬Լûô
ԣץסᣬݺ뿪
ȼн𣡡
ͬһȼʤѩϵƣ漴ԽԽԽԽ󡣵ʱеķ̽ѩһпɲĹ
ʽӽǳ
һĳӣƣмǳ䣬˸һ˲䵽˺˵ǰ߶ԿӣҲˡ
һ˲佫ֵ̨ĳ۷һսվʤѩʤ
ܡ
̨ϣʤѩȴ޻֮ɫһսҲĶ࣬Ͻһ£ֻӰս
ʵʵȫ⣬ʤδ
̨£͵һߵĺˣɫź۴ڲһֻֻ·۾״Ĵ̿ȸȻ򿪣ÿһֻ۾棬˸һССĳ棬ͬ𣬿Ϊɲ
գ˻һ֪뵽ʲôһ֣ʱЩëճɵĹ۾ͬһʱϣ·
ǧĺ棬Ҳ漴ʧ
һߣת뿪


658 ϣ
˼ȰܣȻҲͳƶΪʤѩʤ
ˣֵĳ۷һսڽ
ȴԸδУΪʤѩ˵սľ
ʹţǶСüӻҲ۾΢գϸϸ˼һսһнԼ˵ʵԱȣ⡣
ʤѩ״̨һˣûзĹע

ʤѩߺ̨һս١
Ҳǽһս컨Ůʦūԡһ˪ۡǧС
˵ʵⱾҲһˮƽսǰ˵սͱ޹ˡ
Ȼʦūġ۹˾ǧе罣Ӱ罣ǿȴʤѩһս۷о
˿Ȼζкվǰǧʤһһʦūʤ
ʦūʵȻǿ󣬵ǧе콣Ǹǿ
ĽȻľƣʦūҲԼʹʦūʹһֶΣҲزҰܵĽ
Űǧлʤֵ峡֮
˻ȥϢһ׼ٿʼ֡
ΪڵսǿȲѰÿһսҪķѴǻۣսȻЩ
Ҳ˻ζĿռ䡣
սһΪ죬һ֡
죬Ͼʿ޾ʽʱϾףԼǰǰξͽ
ʱһСȺˣ䶯µʱ
֮λЩѾһֹһˣȴ޻ˡ
Ҳǰǰ壬лȡһ¡
ĿǰȫʤɼģҲȼˣʤѩǶɣ
ɼе֮⣬ˡǰʧܣϧ
֮һһǴȫʤоֻǵ˭Ŀǰû˲µ׼
²ģ֮٣ǧһ
ˣΪʤѩǶ֮һ

ɲô룬صľԺ󣬾ʼչȡս֮ǰѽ߶ĵľȫ
ǰսĵ˶ôǿҲǱ˲Ͽлȡһԭ
գ϶һˡ
ʣµĶ֣һһֲ׼ܴǰ塣
ܽܵġ
ʤѩǶɣ𣬲ʥˮͫ
֣ûһֵܴ⡣
ԣҪֶ룬Źһᡣ

ڶգն
Ϣһˣڣƣս֮ʼ
ǳǩӹ죬ڣյһֵһսˮͫʤ⡣
ȻܸʤѩûΪʵС
෴һսǿ
ЩоһսʤѩļޣҲеûб¶˸Ҵ⡣
ԣˮͫʧܣҲе顣
һֵڶüӻԡЦصջʤ
˻ų̂Զ䣬ûԤ֮⡣
Ȼ֪Ƕ֣Ըȡ裬ļˣԼţûо˼
ܿ쿪ʼ۷֣ʤѩԡһ˪ۡǧС
˻Ϊһû뵽ս֮󣬰ǧƺеһս֪УȻҲˣ˴ʧ
䣬ôǰ˵Ҳûȥָ
ʵˣʤѩ£ǧʵǿҲʤѩͦУսս岻
Զڰǧе䣬ǲ̶Ȼĳսܿ쿪ʼ
¡ǶСУԽҡ컨Ůʦū
һս
ʦūս䣬Ѿû˶־
֮ǰҶһȻʧܣϾûʧȥ
ӶǧУҪô䣬ҪôսܣΪֹûһʤʿе
Ƕɣ֪Ƕ֣ҲںʲôӲӵˣƹˤֱ䣬ٴһ˴۾
ĳ˵һˮ֮ͫ仹΢УʣȫһԶܣ˴ʧԵ峡ҲЩ
˾һ΢
Ϊ峡һս桱ԡʿʥ
һǱϣԾһȴǿߣϽ֮ס
֮䣬ؽʵĻ𻨣˭ʤ˭Ŀǰ֮硣
ǶЩ֪ľԺУʥԨйһڵˣףһսֻ²ͬΡ
ټ˲ʥıܣ³ལԨԵʮǿʥ׼ᣬֻ²飬һӸơ
һս콣ǵİǧжܻܣǧеʵڲʥ֮ϣ˶һսĽеģˣ֪֧˭
ֻвʥıܣ³ལԨսһ˷ܣԱ߲ϵعĶԼı֣Ҫݺݵһ٣Ҫôš
ʥԣޱ飬Ҳû˵ʲôԨей֪ȥûС
Ųеڣʥһߣ׷Ծ̨еһӽ
̨£ҶɣԨȣʥйصˣҲɽ׷Լйصѡڴǵı


659 £
˶ۣʥĿ˸Ȼ΢ЦߵһףδܾˣӰսԶ䣬Σ
ǺǣΪʲôǲԹԶأ
Ŀ䵽ĶŵϣжĲмʤŰıܡ
ǸСˣʲô뷨ϡ
ʥȴǸαӣһӵıƣȴƫƫװ棬ҪԷԶ䣬Ȼ˵øʩƵģΪԷã˲ݡ
ʥԣ۵޵ĺһš
ŶЩˣýȰߵúԶЩˣȰһ߲ȥһ֣Ӯº漸֣սһʤҪʧȥ漸Ļᣬαأ
ѾԷ˵ȥˣֱӰڿʽҪսսαطϻʼɣ
ãҵģ
ԣʥĿУ͸һ˿ɭɱʱӣȴĺ
һϣٲ໰̤һף˸׹⣬ֱӱ㳯ؿȻıѾãһԲϣ
״ɫ΢ƣܹԷǿԲʥʵʵͬһ
֮˸ƾ綾߳ͬ
Ʒපצ
úá
ʥ״¶һ˿мЦӼ֣ĵİ׹ǿˣڲ˸ʵʣȻӿٶȣ˹
飡
һ쳹̨죬ǧ֮һ˲䣬˵ƾֱֱغһ

ƣ׻кð΢죬˺߼綼顣
۲ʥҲûкܶ٣ͬб֮ϣһ˿첻ˣԼΪΣȻˡ
Сˡ
ʥ״Ŀ˸£Ȼƣ㲽̤ۻ
״ͬԳපצӭȭգཻʮǣ̨֮µ˿òɰ
ʤڹƷߣԶʤʥҴġʥĴķ
ʥʤƷƷߣҵġѾ̺һ˿Ʒ壬ĳපצ
ֻǲԼҵ̺װ廹ȫڰƷƷ֮䣬һƷȴֲܸĵƷƷᲢۣһʱ˸൱
˶ףⲻǿϷ̽Էĵϸսû١
ٶԻƣ֮˭Ҳκβ˭ڣʥȳˣص̨һߣĿɭŶֻʹһᣬڷü
Ǻǡ
ȻһЦ֪Ҹղ˼ˣʥȡʤȫƾֵ¼£ƾϵĹӮ˱˵ġ
ãԹˣ
һ£ʥǳ׵׵ŭˣҲָղºģһ˿˿ɫ׺գѪѪܣ˲ޱɲ

ŭһһ̤ףȻе̡ڲ춯ͬʱһĳУһڲǴ󣬳˻صĿƻ
ǲԼҵΪȡʤʥǲϧˣ
˿ʥʩչط̾
ȻʹΪϽһˣǣϾʿϣʥĵλΡ
򲻹ʤѩ򲻹µǶСУ򲻹֮һĻҲ򲻹ħ֮𡭡
ǣھһ֮ǰûзУСҲǵͷϣȡʤϽһ󴫳ȥֻ¾Ҫȫˡ
ԣһսʤҪƯƯʤ˵һ˵ǰ٣ǰΣҪһ
ֻϧ䣬δ¶ԸϱˣǧУʦūˮͫȶ֣ʩչлһ
֪ǰģ׵ڡ
ɹЦһΪ⡣
һ˿ͫ˫֮ͫУϹһţ˲䣬ͽʥʩչ֮Ƶһ䣬һ˸СԲ㣬䶯죬ץסᣬͺƵ
һˣʥҲǰϻצӵĠǣֵһˡ
Աˣеѣңȴδ̫ˣ
Ӱ
ৣ
һ˲䣬ͿӰٶһ˲ޣ˻㱼䣬˿УˮУУʧӰ١
һ̣Ѿڲʥǰֱۻһƣֱһָ䡣
ۣ
˲䣬·¾Ƶʥڣһžױ˽Ӳԭأһ۵ɫѸٱС䵭ա顱һԶըһɿµķ籩
Сܡ
ɢȥһã·ú߳ĲʥʧǵĴ֮߳ϣըµ˺ۣȴʧǣȫȻû֮ǰŵʡ
ôƵҵôܡҲţ
Ȼ䣬ʥ쳤Хһɱ֮ǰʩչҪɲϢϢ춥ϵķơ
һצ޵Ŀ֮֡
ҪҪɹŭˡŭ֣
Ȼһͺȣʥȫĵһ㣬ȻһĳУʱ쳹һԽֱ
һɫҡͷβצҡ룬ֱײɽ伲磬Ҫײײɽӣ
ĿһĻ̨µ޲ʧ꾪
˸һ˵
Ͻ壬иĹ£ɽԼңԹűһ˵Լӵɽǰһ
֮ǰɽһߣڲţǺԼ淢ֵⱾ֡
Լ棬֮󣬲ŷң׳󣬳ΪϽ֮һ
֣Ҳ˲ԼĲ֮ܣǱǿ£


660 ¶
˵Լҵ־ѧʵڰ˴ŵĵƷ֮й֮
ԼҺе⣬ֻ֣ΣܴﲻƷĲΡ
һ⣬ֵʣ˴ŵĴ󲿷ݵƷܱͨȵġ
ڣ˾ȻڲʥУһ˿ϵӰӣȻȫƼªϾϡ
Ҳ˵һƵѾ˾󲿷ݵİƷӽƷĳ̶ˡ
Ȼ޲֪֮ǰСϽ֮ס
ȻԺһգľԺвʥ͸ŷ䴰ңǧеһƣȻҲ֣ȴûжϣ֡
ȻһյĽ֣δرǰˡ
뵽ˣ˰֪֮ףȻûһ򵥵ģĩβϽףҲһ
̨֮ϣĸоȱ˸ԡ
һƣ׵ظоԼתĹȻҲڲʥһƵ˲䣬ͣһ˲
ڹƷ½סֻʱ˿ֱ̣ӱǹɿµѹɢ֯ˡ
ȻһŴ˵еľѧ
ȻûȥϽߵĴ˵Ҳû˵
֮ǰΪ˽򶥼ӵҲ򵥲ѯһĸ־ʥ֣֮һ
ȻҲ֮֡ƺţһƺšʿռ֮ϡ
ģ˲Լ棬ʥǱɼһ㡣
Ʊϼһ죬̫࣬δûжõһĻᡣ
ϧˡ
̾ϢһȻһӵĶ֣Լ֮ǰҲЩСƶԷˡ
ɲΪϧԷͶˮñӮõʤá
ԿѳʱҲԥһȣһȫתһڵĳ·ˮ翪բ壬Լйһ˲ͻԼ˫ơ
˫ƣʱһ㰵֮ɫмпɲϢڲ
ĿɫĲʥɫƽ
ȻԵѹˣұԹѹ㣡
Ѿ¶Ҳں౩¶һˡ
ذ
¡
̨֮ϣٿ֮䣬Ȼ˳ˮȻɫ˫ƣʥɫʱڰײһ
˿΢Ǻ죬һˡ
۲ʥ־ɫȻͬΣһʱһǽ΢֮󣬼롣
ڴʱڶǽٴεɫٴһ壬ɫҲ࣬ྡྷ˥߳ϡ
ڴʱٴδ
ǰγˣʥֶӦԵúɣռϷ磬ӿ
ٿ֮䣬·ˮᣬһ˲䣬ɫûУգûֻ˼£ͻΪССˮݣӰ
ʥȻɫ԰ףһɿɲһ˲õɶǲǲŵı飺ôܣôƵҵ֡ذʲô
ʧǣһʱţԼѾƣһУһ֮µİ벽мˣȻһڱǰʧ֡
ҺԣԷĹƷףԼ
ĴսʤԽܡ
һֱ԰Ϊ֪Ҵ֣أ˹ϵȻʹԼңҲд󲿷ݵӲţǴСֵ֪ȷʮֲ
г֮һŹҲͬУûж֣ǿߣµĶ֪
ҲˣϽһһ˵ĳƺ
ڣʵǿһһյӣһƣͽԼԼΪֻɢƫƫӣ֮ǰԼĴڡ
ͺһǧ̣һԼĲƸΪ٣СҲûԼᲢۣԼĤݡ
ȴȻһ죬ԼſֵؤгֵǸ룬Ȼ޼֮ԼеʲģȻֲ֮ϵһɣִ޷ܡ
ûе㲻ˡ
̨֮£˵ı졣
ʥܣ˵֮⡣
ǲʥʩչԼҴǿ֮ɸһܣȴ˲˾мʶˣ۾΢˼
֮ǰսʩչʱǾѾв²⡣
ǸʱҲֻʩչһСݣ̬ԣɲҿ϶
ڣ̨֮Ƕسвʥذʱı飬Ѿ۾ʵʵݡ
ϯ̨ϣµǼɮɮҲһͬվĿ˸˸̨߶һţӷλʩʩչģĪˣ
ԱߵȻ֪λɮ޵ķʸ
һǿ϶ϳ˶ԷʩչŹڹģֻҲǼ򵥵ôˡ
һʱ䣬ƺϣ˱죬һɹϢ
߹֮˾Ӳ߷ֿóһ
Ŀⶼ߶ƶһʱ侹ȻĿΪƺġ
ţʤѩǶСУüӻ಻ͬʱ˹
ʤѩ⣬ϲ
ǶСеһ䡰ӷ𡱣ûйı顣
üӻ΢΢һЦ˳ǣ벻һϾʿޣȻӲԶǧǰμӣȤȤ
ǲ֪λѣʵΣսԽڴˡ
һ¶һĺˡǧ۹ӡΧ˵ɧ̧ۣĬĬش߻صһۣ۾̵⣬һš

ʥȰܣٻһʤĿǰѾʤĵز
ûй˵뷨Ȼ¶ûȥ
̨۷׷׺Ŀһ粻ֱߵҶãĬ˼սĵʧ
ҶΧ˵ֹۣ
ͷ˼ģն˶촽û˵ڡ
ֻ΢΢һЦһݣǰ˴֮һĵӣʲôԱ򼵶ʣĽ
ѣֻҪû䣬㲻κα仯
ģ䣬Ϊݣȥκں
ཻ֪֮ģԼʵݣֻҪģϵģһУν
һս֮󣬷еԽˡ
սԵģĸ֣һǧУͱƳľ⣻һʥֱƳ۷徳
ԵĶ֣һһǿҲ֪Լߵ
ĿǰֻһһΪˡ
֮Χʧ


661 ָ
Ȼ¶Ŀǰûλ֪ݣֻв²⡣
ҲȥԶˡ
Ͼ󣬵ڶ࣬ȶˣûм
ͣԱһһգųźܿ
ֻǣҪʱ䣬ҲҪ죬ʽ
ʱڣ˻ֻǡ桱
ңʿޣҲû˭涨ŵĵӣͲܿ羳μӣ飬дţˡ
ԣôҲûָʲôһ˿ѡ

ʥһսյһֱᡣ
ڶսʼ
˷ܼǾɥʧʰ飬ȴڶս١
ڶֵһսʦū
ʦūûϳɻʤ
ڶֵڶʥԾʤѩ
֪ǷһսԲʥ̫Ҳ֪ʤѩĶ֣ʥֱ䣬ʤѩսٻһʤﵽʤĳɼ
ڶֵǶɶԾ
ͬľͬĽԶ䣬ǶֱӻʤͬΪʤ֮һ
ڶֵĳǧжԾ⵹һʼҵս
ǧв֪Ѿˣս˺ʤģһûֱ䣬뻪һ
ϧʹ콣ǵɲǻָĶ֣ʮУǧ䣬ٻһʤͬʤս
ڶһս
һĶ֣ˮͫѩ±ɴŮͬϽϽ֮׵ˮҡ
ʵˮͫвڲʥ֮ϡ
Ϊ˵ȥ֮ǰϽ֮ףλӡˮͫʥ֮ԳΪϽ֮ףȥ֮ϽȺףġ
ڴ֮ǰˮ֮ͫϽǴһ֡
ͽ̣
е֮ˮͫͬʱԾ̨
һѩ·ɫɴıŮĿ⳯һƳ֮󣬲ûһԤϵֱ䣬ͬѡ˱ˮһս
롭
Ҳҵ֪ⳬԽ˲ʥˮŮֻûô򵥣Ǵ˵еˮѪ˵£һʩչʵɱɲС
֪룬ˮͫףսʤʥҲһ׵¡
뿪֮ǰսʤʥҲǧ֮󣻶λԷȻһ˿ϣѲֻ³ԼҲƽ֡
ǰӣȴɽˣϽġ֡޹ɵľԴ
ҾͲˣСģ
䣬ˮͫٲϻֱӴ߶Ѫǰأǳ죬죬Ϻɫâһš
ʱϢڽǹһͷ֮һ֣һƬɫƷ䣬ԶҪսپ
ףֱȫԸѭ򽥽ԷһжӲ£˵ȡʤ
Ǻǣúá
ʶħµһսûзȻС򻨷ɿԥȫ߶ʱٴͬˮһ˲ǹˮͫй֮
ƷС
¿˱ˮͫԲɸеϢһͣ򻨷ɿʱܵӰ죬мַ϶
üͷһȻһЦȻһ֣һɳ飬ֱӴӷ϶Ȼһ̻ȫһ紮Ǯһ㣬εΪ׳ۡ
һ˦֣б̻ʱΪɢڵˮֻʵĺãȻȫԸ
ã
棬ˮ֮ͫɫ仯£Ȼһȣֱգһţһָ̧֣ʱһֲâһ㳯üļɶ
ͷ԰ʤ֣սʤħ¡ѩŮ֮ŭǼصƷָѩָ
ûѩֱָóӭȥڰպȻ㣬΢΢һ㽫ǼָɢԼҲ
̺һ˿ѩĵƷָУȻСѹħ»ܡ
ħĹɲθҲԹ£ǰ
ħµΪ˺ȣǲսԱΪ͵һѨڣսܷӳʵۡ
ѨڣѨ۷ΪʱˮͫδһָȥıѩŮ֮ŭܣһսȻһˡ
ȴûжںΪľ֮󣬵һһˣ糱䣬һ֮󣬻Եذ
һֿǶɣʤѩȣû׽ˮͫһУԡ
ΪĿǰѾܵӵذѨΪˮͫѩָָȻǶ֡
⻹Ǽޣ˵İ߿ԵӼʮء
ӦģҪӦΪҲΪֲһڵһأһڵӶأһڵأһ۷ء
ĿǰҲһذΣҪﵽʮأֻҪڣʷ϶ûмܴﵽѳ̶ȼֱ˷ָ
ȻһɹҲ޼ֵܵ˵Ѩ۷ʱӲһҲûпˡ
ûô࣬ˮͫѩָûжںΪȻǿ󣬵ıѩȴʺ
ĸģ֮ǰˮͫյָʮֺǵʲôȻǿ
ħҲ㽭һ֣ʤѩˡ
ʩչҵڶǿİѩŮ֮ŭɻʧܡ
ΪϺȣıѩŮ֮ŭҲ紫˵ǰǿ⣬ҲΪָԭ
ûָħδػܡ
侫ǿ֮ˮҵġѪ֮ϣǣƺغʩչҪġ
ԼѧϡȼΣͷʵֻ½Ҫǿˡ
ʽָȻ쳣
Ҳ϶ˮͫĿҪֻǵƷеѩָ֮ϣ飬ܴ
ϧ


662 ǧͫϣ
û˵ĳ˿ֱһʩչҵӲãˮͫˡ
ʣⶼΪָԭ
Ҫǣǰ漸֣ս١
ѧָԺ漸󶥼֣аգȫ޻ᣬȻĶ
ʱЩʱˮͫѾоҲʱ򣬽ⳡսˡ
ǿϧʵԶԶ㣬ܷǱѰĿǰ壬ǰĶУȴֲֵһˡ
˸һ
ԣչԶѩŮٶȣ޹Ľһˮ򴨹˹ȥ
ΣѩŮϣæʩչĹղòЦ䣬̨
ٻһʤȴûжٵ֮ɫѩɴŲ̊΢΢ת˼ŴнָĿԡ
ʱǻᣬΪˮͫս֣һսڿʼ
û˶ٵʱ䣬һս졣
ս
һʤѩԾʦū
ʦūսʤѩԶʤ
ڶǧжԾˮͫ
һ
ǧеʵʤʥˮͫʵҲȲʥʤһһʱ൱
󣬻ǰǧе콣ʤһѹʩչˮͫһǧһʮ֮󣬷Żʤ
̨֮µ˿ýζȻʤѩֵȼ۷һսҲһսˣС
ܶΧ۵ˣһЩС
սԾʥʣʥʤ
»ʵǿЦپһ˿ϵĲʥǶ֣һʮУ㲻òܣȡһĳɼ
Ϊֹսûʤһ
˵ԵĶ֣Ƚǿʤѩ𣬻Ƕɣʥȡɼһ㣬Ҳʵȷейϵ
ȻѹԵʵ˭ܻʤȻҲԼˡ
ʱҲʵһ֡
ĳ۷һսٴοʼһս
Ծ
˭ܻʤһʱ۷׷ס
ˣǸ𣬱Ͼ𣬿Ǵħ֮гģ֮ǰĴ֮һ
ȻҲһƥĿǰ˱һŶ⹦һžûиǿֶΡ
Ըˣԣϡǧ۹ӡʤ㲻
ûй˵̨ۣϲʼ֮ǧ۹ӡͬʱһԾ̨ӡ
ɫأһθо֡
ʣΪֹϵǿһ֣Ҳսѵһս
ʤǸҲû̫ա
ΪȻʤѩһս֪ĴֶΣȫ߳ɵİտսʤҲȷûֶûʩչ
Уһսʤˡ
ΣһսҪģսʤмǰĿܣȻҲŸǰ塣
ΪĶ֣һһǿʤѩǶɣ˵ʵ
սʤʣˣȻ˵
ҲһսʤʮŽȻ˿⡣

룡
̨֮ϣ紵ɭ̹ǡ
ԥֱӴ߶۷εɫγһ֣Ըзɣ΢һ̧֣ĺ
վһ۾ȫǼʵĺɫУ̴·϶֮ðһֹɭĸо
̵۾סȻɭһЦˣң㻹䡣£Ҫ䣬ֻ¶ûôˡ
ӣҲ֪ȷʵڳ󲿷ˣȴԸ
һЦΪ˵вڵƹָ̣
ָ̣ܺã
ˡЦΪʤѩһսԴ䣬ʱģݣȻЩп
ǺãҾͺúáָ̡һ㡣
⽫ָ̡ҧüأ䣬Ȼ䣬һ̧֣˲䣬Ǻ۴УɳĻ䡣
Щ侲ȼţϸֻ侹ȻһɣƯ࣬ٲʮٶ䡣

˫ǰһƣʱ䣬뻯Ϊ㣬ֶȫ¡
ϰٶ䣬̨յһƬɭ̨ƺΪһƬĹ
ȻֲһĻɫûжٱ仯ֻ˫ӣǴʮ
գۼ䣬ܣ˻֮⣬ȻֲһɫͬľӨ飬ֱΪࡢࡢɫ˸ɫϼ⣬ʻӳˡ
ŹѲãȴĿǰΪֹΪǿһŷƷʮ
˵Źǵսʱ롰൶Ѻѣ޻ڡѩ÷һ⡱ǧȣһɵһɫ񣬵õĽ
ΪõⱾţҲ˲СۣңšʮҲûʧֻһУ㹻󲿷ݰƷµĹ
ǶƷԻơ
ȻһΣȴЩ֮⡣
Щ滯ɵĻ䣬ڿ֮ȻûĻ֮ڣȴɫ֮Ͼȼĵȴڼٵš
ã
ֻ˲䣬ԣȻɵʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ǵƷҲǵɡ
䣬ɰƷĵҲɵƷĵ䣬ʲôܵסԷ
֪⿿֧̫ãҲףȻԼΪƷѨĻָٶѾʮֲֿǣҪά̶ֳȵķ֣Ҳһ¡
οۼʶûһţ֮¡
Լ뿿ʱ䣬ֻһٷԼ޻֮
ȥˣ
˲䳷ȥķ֣һֱӴӼɫķ϶֮䴩Խ˹ȥȻٶȣϷйλս
Ц߶޾˲ŭ˷꣬ٶȣҲˡ
˫ƴ궯һ治ϷɳƮ
һʱ֮䣬̨֮ϣǧյƣһ沼գܵʱ򣬲òһǧСġ
Ȼֶȼյֻ棬һճ壬ʱƾͲǷʤֱˡ
ǣŻ࣬ĿռԽԽСԽԽѡ
ʱϵԷΪսʤԼǾҪֶΣѹԼռ䣬Լûܣֻһս
ȻǰսҲףĳ֮һ
ΪٶȣֶΣȻݾһ£Ӱƣ˸ɸɾʱڣ벻ƳЩɫİ취
һʹսŵҲĶ֡
ô죿
һʱ֮䣬΢š˫ĿԺ뼫˼


663 ǧͫУ
գһǰ취İ취
ԱķʽܵȫƵԶ
ȻһĵٶȾ٣γһƬʱȫĿյأʩչս
ֻǺҲɵϣ˽ߣԭʩչɣ֮£ֻ۾һǺ
ףҪЩ棬ֻȽˣԽԽá
Ȼ޾ٶ࣬Ҳסġ
ҵ̨֮ϱ鲼ֻ棬䣬Ҳòˡ
ֻһⳡսΣԣΣʮ
޴ڵɫ棬ʱһٶʮģȻвͿ³
ѥ
ɣٹ˲أѥȫ
ѥϵٶȣһ˲߳ɣﵽ˼Ӱεĵز
͡͡
ܻ飬ʩչɿԴЩ϶дӹһЩƣС
ţ
棬۾һЩصСˣԭٶȣǼޣⲢ
䣬һ³ֳĹâһɫεӰٶȣȻҲһ˲ȻɱȲϿ˸ѥҲ˶Զ
׷ղ
̨£˺ȻϳϹ沽˵ԽŲգٶױȡ
ӵиѥǿٶȵ챦ٶһϣܻơ
Ҳаħ֮ĵӣȻӵǿ󵽿µĹȻҲԼ١
ȫԸˣ
֪Ķ֣ݵһ˽̾һȻһתģʱͶһӲӵС
С֮ϣһɫţͷӰ

ԥȫעɫС֮Уһ̣Сţڿնһ˲ʮΪһӲӵľͳ䡱һͳ·ĺȥ
ǧ伲ɽ
֮ɫ棬ٲͣԭأȫһƵóߵɶ
̨ģһ˲ࡣ
Ƚ𽣣
̨£ԹۿսʤѩȻ۾һվЩ𾪵غ
һߣһ¿ۣüгʵĽ¥ӣʿҲ۾ȻһУ૵ص𽣣
˼ˡ
ֵЦָУƺסʲô֮ϣһʱƺտյľ󣬱ϵ̫˼֡
ңʱ̨´󲿷ˣΧ̨֮۷սûмע⵽ûпࡣ

ţ
ֹʤѩ̨ϣͷѹͻͽ𽣣һʱҲЩ⡣
һаƵһӭϣų߶ǴƿǱͻͽᲢۣǧһƱ㳯ȥҪ顣
ʤѩһսʹùŰƷȭħ޹ȭͬƷħƣ
ȻһĻˡ
ƲھƣȻǱͻͽ𽣣һ̣ɲ𣬽˿ƺճѹ˻ȴһ˲Ȼ顣
ƺһǱݳһ˿Ѫ۾¶˼ɫ
ǿҾͲˣ
ƣ
޾µһƷĳгһ޴ĺɫ޻ȻԴΪģ»Ľɫ޽ٴνһ
̨֮ϣһ
һ̣ɫ䣬˲ķѣΪһźɢ
ֻһΣɫ޽Ҳּ࣬Ѻۡ
δʤ׷Ѿ˺ͷ
۾˸ǿҵķŭɫ̵˫֮УȻԷɳһںɫĻ棬ںɫĻڰȻںϣȻ˽ɫ޽·
һ̡
꣡
ڣѾЩȵȽ𽣣ڰһɶɻصģȴʱڣҲ޷߶ˡ
ϧˣ
̾һջȽ𽣣Ҳ֪Ȼʱ䣬ɹһЩƿش߶Ƚ֮ȴ޷ȫӳ
ǿҲֻܴﵽĳɣĳɣҲ㹻ˡ
Ǻεȴڣǿħ֮һ߳ǿӣҲιŻ˽𽣣Ƚ𽣣ȫʢʱڣõο¡
ʣ𽣣Ӻ棬ˡ
ϧҲ֪¼ôãѰƾһ֮ݻԵϣܵõ𽣣Ѿ֮ңպ˵Ҫ黹¼ҡ
ȻһһŵҲǡҪ𽣺ú֮ȻԹ黹¼ңֻǴۣȻҲ϶ѡ
еһ𽣣̾һ
Ƚ𽣴ǿԴ߶߽𽣣ٶ鶯֪ΪΣȴôҲ޷ʩչ¾ǿһ¶
Ҳ֪϶Լô˷Ŷ롣˱𽣣Ӧаֲͬʹ֮ǵõ״˸ԭʱڵ
ֻһҲ˲ӸղⳡսУ˾棬̨Ͽյ汻ӵһգǺ𾭴Ҳ˲᲻صһЩơ
Խսʤ˼õĿˡ


664 ǧͫ£
Сӣò˵ɹҵˣ
𣬿澡ɨ𵡾۾ȴ¶ں飬ֻǶŶһ˿˵
ţҪսսαطϻ
֪Էʲô˼ȴ˿⡣
֪˲ǣ¾ȽȥƷл棬ҲԲСƶԷֺҲ̫ηԷ
ǿҲء
˭ʤ˭˵
٣١
ĻػЦǳţ»СӣһУұ׼ǼһϾͷģֻûʤѩһоûʹڣСӣңһľѧ
ľѧʲô
һĪظеһ䣬ȴ֪𵽵׻ʲôѧûʩչ
ħ޹ȭķħƣƣ׷ղ޾֮⣬ѵʲôЩֲľѧ
̨µĺܶˣҲɫ΢䡣
û뵽ʤѩһսȻɻûƳĵƣѧʲô
ĶԻ̨֮µʤѩҲɵһ۾ض̨ϵ֮Уٴһ˿صս⡣
ȻһսʤˣȻֱɲ˵һСĻ
ͷԸовʣҪʩչʲôֻͷַˣڣȴ˵ҪʩչʤѩҲ˺֮ģʲôѧ
ɡ
Ȼ׶ԷҪʩչʲôֲľѧսе׶ΣҲԷһ仰ȻֻҪЦ󷽣ΪЦˡ
ͫĨɫĹ⻪Χ˲ʪ࣬ͬ󺣡
ΣԼѼƮĪֻ֮ɣʱȴͬǧɽ򺣣ԿԽ
ţ
𿴼ϵı仯ںڲ֮գӹһ˿΢΢Ĳ죬漴ǲЦľû뵽СӣȻľط͸ֵˡ
䣬Ȼһۣһٵ۶
ʱıڳģ۳ۣɲһĻʱ֡
һ̵ֻֻ۾Ƕ֮ϣ׳ѪɫģͬʬɽѪһĺ죬۾ΧǴɫëͬȸʱģֻԵøӿֲӻۡ
ֻҪһۣ㲻ɵͷۻĿѣԣ־Ծ
Ҫ۵֮Եˡ
ֲɫ۾ۣһʱλ̨̨˵ۡ
ǧͫ
Ȼ̨һƲסϳǲƵĿֻ֮ɫ·Ϊšǧͫʲô˲õĿֲһ㡣
ʤѩȶӣ״Ҳɵ۾Ȼһ
޽ɣǧͫ
ʤѩı飬һӱأһ˿Ȼ
һ۵ĻĿⶢ̨һ۾ȴǱһĹʡ
ֻ૵û뵽Ŵеħ֮лѧᡣ£СӣΣˣֻǿϧеǱǽ𽣣
ģȻЩֻֻҲ΢пϧƺ֮ǰʩչǱȽ𽣣ϤҲܸȤ
ˣһ˲Ϊ̨֮ϵսѾ˽ذܣţһҶɣɵΪȣ̨һѣϧսأκ˶;֣Ҳֻɿš
һĻ֮ͬһͬʱȴľ¡
֪ԷûʩչսپܴʩǸãֱӴ߶޳̶ȵϢתľһο

ĳһƣİͬǧӰм仹ſɲĺʮ־еİ־ںһ۷ֺˮ澫ĿֲһҲȫһˡ
ٺ٣úã
ƺ֪ľĿ£ҲҵȻ䣬˫У̹һ̣һĻˡ
֮ϣһԶԹ۾ȻͬȻ󣬽ţ澹Ȼһڵ˿ߣ˿ƣȫֶ
Щ˿һӴȻĪıʴȻͬˡ
˿ߣͬ˿ĳΧգۼ䣬ȻҪ̨С
ţ
еܵһصļ¶ٿԼǿһƣȻϢͱʴͬȻ֪Щɫ˿ߣǷ
һͬʱȻ֮ϣһţ
Ȼ㲻ԸµҲֻʩչ֮ҪϺóһʱ䣬Ҳ˲ˡ
Ϲȼ
ʶ֮УȻͬһ棬ڲȼգһϸ˿޷˵ͶУŻΪҽ
գ֮䣬н֮һľΪϸ˿Ͷ֮С
һ̣ϢѨںΣѨ۷壬Ѩ۷壬벽
ֱΪ벽ʱֹּͣ
ˣʱϢҲǿúˣޱ飬һֻ֡
УֲͬĹʣڲת̶ںһ
һεɫˮһɫĻ棬һССɫ
䣬ˮ澫۳˲غϣһɿɲ˲֡
ʶдĿɲʹһƣǹɿɲʱΪһССɫ򣬲ϳǰתкɫϸ˿У̶ڻ
ȻɫԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬һ˼ٶȣغһǧֻ۾ɵϡ
ҪܣȻȴζţ·һǿֹ
ֻüǿһɫĻ֣һֲ̣ĳڶһɫӰ̳УԶԶ׷ɿȥ۾Уǲŵı顣
̨£Ҳһ˲侪


665 ףϣ
ʤˣȻʤˡ
սȻǸ桱ʤսʤħ֮򣬲ˡǧͫôܣ
˵ͨΧ֮ˣʤѩȶӣ۾Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ҲóʩչһУܴ󣬹ʹĳű
սûҲҪˣʵˣ϶ܲμս
μӣҲǱذ֮֡
Ҳøǰûָˡ
ˣܽǰߣ֮ӣֵĽĶ
ֻǺòߵһܻʤʤѩǶɣţҲɵͬʵпܣһǰġ
ֻǿϧս֮ǰ𣬵ѡ
ǰѾȷֻʤѩǶɣ֮ˡ

̨֮ϣɫֻеԺһ飬Ҳһ󼱾ƣ֮УӻΣҪء
ڴʱһ׹Ӷϣһѽ䱧סһŮӵ
ǿۣӭıҶɵǵĿ⣬ǿЦЦһ̣Ҳ޷֧ظһ˹ȥ
ʱʤ١
Ҷȫûʱ£Ҳ˲ٿʣսֱһΣͱصľԺ
ԺĺҲˣ˶أѯҶҪҪʲôֱӱԷˡ
ʮ˺ŷ֮Ҷɽ֮ϣϣûпƿԥһ£ͳһɫƿ浹һӨĵҩ˿ĿڣУһ
漴ڴأĲĿЩ֣Щǣȴһ˿սʤǿеϲ
ɵϣǰѾˣֺαطΪôһʤȥֵ
صɴµӣ֪ΪκȻЩͨ죬æתͷȥҶ࿴

ʤսܣȻյսûг׽
Ҷļƣæ뿪ˣҲûһ뿪
Ϊ⾫һսջһҪս˲룬޲óһٶʮ۾̨Χʵʵ
Ϊһսǽֵĳսһ֣ҪҲʵս
˵սǰ
ΪһսŵǰصϯӣСǶɣԽҽ¥콾ʿ
һΪѨΪһΪѨ۷Ϊ
Ȼ˭СǣΪǶСֻѨڣֻΪʱֻ̣вʮ꣬ˣ͵Ķʮϡ
УпɹؽƷ䡷ǱϾʿޣпܶùھĵһţ
¼ʹǽһʢʤѩԼճ콾Ļ֮һ
ĿǰΪֹʮǿУ־սѾǰ֣ʤѩǶɣˣ˭ٶܹһ
Ҳ˵ˣûһĻᡣ
ټϽһսˣֻԵľսһֻо
죬Ƕ뻪һս˭ʤ˭;Ͼ׵Ŀһ
ΪֻһҲͻøڶһҲԵˡ
ǻǶʤһʱڴ
µӣԼһЩ޳ĸɮǣ˴ʱžľҲ΢һ۾Բŵµһ̨ϷŹһ˿ϸڡ
ֻϧһսڻڴ˲ѵȴҲˡ

ʱ֮ϵսѾڶս½ӷ嶥ع飬ľԺУ
֮еű۵ѣ̧ͷһɫȻѽƻ衣
æһ𣬵һԶˣ
Ҷɼǵŷ£ʱҲһһɫЩȷصս˸ջѿʱ˰ɣ
ô˵Ҵһսˡ
һµȻڴΧǶ뻪Ǿһսʮʹϧ
Ҷɺ޺޵һָԴѽⶼʲôʱˣսԼ壬Ҫġ
ţš
ػش£Ŀ⶯˶Ȼʲôһ˫ץסҶɵ֣ˣҶ㿴սǶɺӮǽǸӮ
ҶһӺҺбɴڵС
ץʹˡ
ŭƴƼȴһˤȥס磬ü˼˰ΣŵҲְ֪ɣʤĻᣬ۾֪ˡ
ţ
ŷӦҶɵİæ֮£ȥȴɹ˫ϸȥȴˣ˸߲ң𾪲֮ȻҲһս
˰Σ۾һ૵䣬𽣡һսսµǶСлʤѹ֣ѹ֡
ѹ֣ƺ˼ֺʹϧ
Ȼ˶еۣԴһսڣֻǣʱѾȥȴû취ص֮ǰ¼֤Ǿһսľˡ


666 ףУ
ʱţתҹ
ȥ
һսĴͷʩչȼһӾȼ̫࣬ʶ飬Ų֧ء
ʵ˵ϵƲ󣬵ģȴһʱһָܻ˵ġ
ңƣһǽ߾ʱơ
мС굤񵤣ҲԸԭˣΪǰʹõˣԶָڣֱӽ֮һһȼյˣָѶȶʱ
ǣʲô˵еɵҩпһ¸ԭ
⣬Ҫǣ˾ֱʧ֮һΪʩչȼ֮Ҳһڡ
൱ͨԪʿʵ״̬Ҫһҵʱ䣬̨ҲǱ䡣
ûʲô漣֣죬ƾʱ״̬Ǳٲսˡ
۾ʼ˼һսʱס
òʵȫħ֮Ķ֣ȻС
޾Ʒ̻棬ʩչſֲǧͫɵ֡
һΣǽ𽣣۷״̬ѥǿкһľȵƣȫһ¶¶˳ȥ
֮£ʩչ˱ȼʤҲʱ״̬
ˣһսȻʤˣʵ˵ֵûǲֵá
Ҳף¶𣬲ʩչЩ䣬ʵϵĶ֣Ҳһһġ
ңˣٻлָĻᡣ
죬սһֽһֻ֣ԼϢʱ䶼ûˡ
ǽȫһЩ
ֻǣӦÿǵģôָ״̬μս
ԼҪμӣʲôֶΣ󶥼ʤˡ
״ָ̬μӱЦˡ
ǼʹָܻһսԼѾǵƾûеµֶΣֻ´Ҫԣʱ򣬻ʤϣҲã
ʱ򣬻ۻָƣҲƽ˷ѡ
Ϊʹǿ󣬹һ֮Լ״̬Ҳָ֮ʱ
һУ͸ֵˡ
ĿǰǣҪҪָָܻܲ
ΪȻĿǰأһҩƣǣǡɣȴһȴԽһѣй֮
ΪֵҩͷֻʣһҲ˲ָҪ˵СС״̬ˡ
ԼҶɣҩлõĴδ˵鵤굤
˵һֻʱͷã˵ʵڵģСС֮ϣЩ˷ˡ
ֵҪͷûд˲ָĿܣȻҲͲȥμ
ͻһǰûκָˡ
ˣҪǵģֵֵãһĵҩȥһǰΡ
ǣֵֵãһľҩȥһǰεĻᣡ
ΪȫָҲпսȫ䣬ջڵģͷû굤Ľһ
ǣлǰıʤգö굤Ų˷ѡ
ǣ֣Ƕɣʤѩûһ֮ûһ֮£Ҫ˵бʤգ̸
ԣʤֶΣȻö굤ŵΪá
Ҳ
ĿһȻٴ뵽֮ǰ̨ϣսϽѩɴŮӡˮͫʱԷͷʩָ
ʩչָ֮սʤħ¡ԼҲов
ָȻԺͱӣһһڶЧ
ʵͺʤѩǶɣ಻Զȫ£ʩչȼָмĸʣٻһʤɹǰ
ԡ

ֻˮͫУָҲ
ˣֻжһˣǰ͵ĵĽҲܴʹľ
˼תգֱɮڱ̨˵Ļٴߡ
Ͼʿޣÿ˻öǮƷһ
öǮƷоһ򡣡
ڶǮöͨ鱦һ顣
һǮöμƷһߡ

һ룬û굤ȴвСĸʣõڶ
ĽöǮһƷ
Ǯ˵ʵƷڣΪ°˴󶥼֮һ˵ʵİƷѾˣҪ
ֵһʺԼģֱǰϹݽ
ǰĽȴȻͬ
ǮӵöҵڶĽֱ𻻳˵Ʒоͨ鱦һ顣
ƷоѾӵһѾ󶥼ƷӰںϣȻоӰһ˿ƷӰӣٶȴ
ٵõһٽںϣ򹥻ʵȻԶһûʲôõİƷˡ
ԣֻһ㣬Ķѡ
ͨ鱦񣬸˵ǱȵƷоҪĶ
ȻͨȴнҰģһǿߵȻи򣬽׷ĸһ֡
ȻĶޱȡ


667 ף£
⣬²ƽЩֻһöǮ˶һĵľˡ
Ϊصشд壬ҪʮöǮĿǰΪֹܹŻö
ʹϾʿ޵ݵõöҲööȱڡ
ǣȴұ֤Լڽ徳ϣһܻöϵǮǵȷգʵ̫ˡ
һϾʿޣ־ôࡣ
ʤѩǶɣȡǿвԼĶ֡
徳ޣֻĶֽҪʮλжʮλ
ֲεսɲұ֤ԼдǰǰĻᡣ
ǰʮǰʮҪС
ұ֤ʹ徳ʿ޵ĽڵϾʿ޻࣬ǮֵĸҲߣǰʮǰʮˣҲ޷޵öϵǮ
ǾдĻᡣ
ԣΪһᣬһö굤ֲʲôˡ
Ͼǿ䣬Ĵ֮һܽ棬ͻƷмĴٽãֻҪ־ڸһˣ˭ܷ
ΣϾʿϣõǮﵽöдıǮȱڣҪСˡ
öֻöʿԽ󣬽Խ࣬ǮݼΧԽϵĸʣôʮöĻᡣ
ܻööǮȱڣǼ࣬ʱа˳ϵĻᣬչҪ󣬽д塣
ԣöͲö֮ġ
ֻһöǮ֮ܾǽȻͬĽ֡
ˣһԥ鶼˼֮˾һҧһֻ֣Դһֻͨɫĺεƿ
ƿеһɼ˵Ľɫҩȥ¡
˲䣬һ͸Ƕ롣
Ҳ֪ǲǴоֻһоθһƬ̹
״̬Ҳࡣ
Ҳ𵤿Ǿ𵤣״ֱ̬ǴСãɱţ̫˷ˡ
𵽵ЧҲʮ־˵ġ
Ȼ
ȻЩʹһΣûԥֱһſڣ˿Уһҧ飬Ȼ۾
ƬʱֹȻҩϯ죬Χ˲ֲɫ˰С
ϵƽڽԭ״̬ĻԪϢ˻Ԫڣ۷壬Ѩڣڣֱ۷ʱڵĺΪ
ң𵤼ȻǾ֮ֹƣͬԻָЧֻգ֮䣬ʶеľͻָ糣ҸӵЧ
ֻգ֮䣬ͻָϵϢǿˡ
һս϶۷״̬սʹĽ룬ɻнĳϵҩǰװ˷ѵˣɼ⻹𵤵󣬲Ǿҩ
ϾǾһĵҩ
ȻЩϧȴڡ
ȥһµʱˡ

ҹɫУȴǷҫմǧ
¿ͷԺУס˸ǰμϾʿ޵ĸ֣ʹҹҲǿ޲׺ûм˻һߡ
һǲҪҲǲ˷Ǹʱ䡣
˵һʱõĻָԶˣҾǿ׳ܵõ֮ЧֶΪ
ԺʮţһŮӵķ䡣
֮ǰ˲֪ס˭Ǿ⼸ַսԺʮסŮӵȴѾ˲֪˲ˡ
ΪȻǴǰʮǿ֮һģϽˮҵӣӡˮͫ
ƽʱȴ˸ȥţԺʮŷУԼֵĵƹ⣬ȴûκһƬž
ͥԺ֮УӰ涣¹ˮ
ʱһһֹȥȻڴеˮͫһϮɴɶȻƮһ˫ˮĿ⣬˼Ȼˣβα˹磬Со
ǺǡǰݷˮӣǾ߶ˣ
䣬Ȼľ΢΢һˮͫУȻѾһ޳ĺӰ
ҡҷ֮£˾Ԫ˫ֻ֣վԾһķƣ˲۾һȴ˭
ֻǣˮͫݣȴ΢΢𣬺شһ˿죺Ȼָƣ
Ȼ˴У⡣
ֻǣ˾Ȼʮ󶥼֮һҵĿǰΪֹĸȫʤս֮һȴҲھȡ
ΪսսһսȻʤˡͷΪ˶ԸԷǧͫԼҲ˺Ľ֮ԡ
ô̶̵ʱڣͻָҸƽЩͬѰˡ
ˮͫҲɴһ˿⡣
СֶΣһᡣ
Ȼ߶ԷԼ֮˶̵ʱڣָһ𵤣굤Ϊۡ
Ҳ£ֱӿڵˮҹãʵðĳҲȲѡĳõϵһ֪ˮԸڡκδֻۣҪĳõóƴǣ
Ŷ
ˮͫһ̶˲׹۾漴һ˿⣬ڵõҵ߻ָ
ˮͫĻɢһɿɲɱеգһࡣ
˲ֹͣ


668 ߻ָ
߻ָ
ϸ׽֣֪Ӧָ֡
߻ֺ꣬Ե
֮УƷһֲңȻһʮֲָ
ֻǣˮͫʱı飬ԲԸڣüͷ΢塣
Ȼ֮ǰ㹻׼ֻû뵽ˮͫûп¶˾ǧ֮Į顣
̾һڵˮʵΪѣԸڣĳҲǿѣȥǡ
˵꣬תߡ
ȷҲˣˮͫ˽֮ҲʲôаħСֶвˮͫ߻ָָ
ȻǿȣҲֶвۻҲֻ뿪ˮͫô
ˣԭҲֻǱһԵ̬ãʵڲɣҲû취
ֻ죬ҪŬһսˡ
ΪʹûָƾʵҲɵʤ㣬һǡһҵļʣǰ𵤣Ҳˡ

˭֪ƿԭ·ʱˮͫɫɴµӣһˮĿıӰ֮ϣȻ뵽ʲôȴȻ
ţ
ɻػعͷٴοѩɴŮڵˮﻹָ𣿡
ûС
ˮͫĿ䵽ϣƬ֮ڵõ߻ָָҲûпܡֻǰǣҪӦһ
ʲô
ԣһȴǴϲ
·תΪȫ޻ᣬû뵽ˮͫȻͻȻת⣬ָת徵Ļᡣ
ڣڣֻҪڣлᡣ
ڣҲֱֻ뿪ˡ
ˮͫĿ£ԥΣջǿڵҿȽ㣬ϾʿϸһֻҪһȥ̽һط
ʲôط
ٴοʵûбˮͫľϲͷԡ
˵ȻףԽߣΣȻҲԽ
ˮֱͫӽؼڣ֮УӵĵطȻѰ֮ء
ˮͫƺĹǣ΢΢һЦڵģҵʵ̫ĴϵİգȫȻҲûΣգȻҲýˡԣԸԸ⣬Լ

ˮͫ˻֪Ǹط϶ʮֲͬѰ
ֻ߻ַǵõɡˮͫҲ˵ˣȫӣ̫ϵİգȫ
ңˮͫҲ᲻ϧԼ֪Ǻ֮أҲðǸգȻʵᣬԼȻӱա
һգҲֵðˡ
á
գһҧǵͷ
ȻشдʤһؾΣյĵǣõϾʿǰټսĽʵӦһȲ
ʱȥ̽ǸؾҲһЩҲֻɵİգȵʱ򣬾߳ɣ˳ɣء
ȻҲ֪еֹˣԸȥ룬տʵʲôʱ򣿡
ˮͫ΢΢һЦϾʿ޽֮ھص㣬ʱһ֪ͨ㣬ģ徳ʿ֮бǣϾʱҲҪȥμӵġ
Ҳǡ
һЦҲͳ׵ͷӦ
Ϊ徳ʿޣʼʱͬϾʿ޽º͸Ԥ㹻ʱ䡣
ҳˮͫ˵ҲҪȥμ徳ʿޣϾȻϣҲǰʮ֮һвμ徳ʿ޵ʸ
ΪʲôϾʿ޺徳ʿ֮䣬ʱ䶼ôʣһΪ˸Ԥ׼ʱ䣬Щ˵ٳ̳̣һ¥
ҲΪ徳ʿ޻֮䣬ԶϺģҪͬʱϵһʹٿٶȣҲҪٵʱ䡣
һȻҪԤ㹻ʱ䣬ʸμȴĵӣȱϯ
ͬȤȥۿ˵ʢĵӣлϵĳʱڣǿǰķ١
徳ʿޣĵص㣬ĳĳڣֱĶǣµһ۶ǣ

ˮֱ֮ͫӹඥڣûš
һħ֮ģȷõ֮󣬱ضΥŵԣҪһȥ̽Ǹδ֪֮ء֮漴ϥڵϣߵǰһָĶͷ
û㣬Ҳûп֣ǾôɶԷһָ㵽ͷ
ңˮͫȷûʲô֮⣬ָ䵽ͷһ̣ˮͫǸָ֮ϣɢǿҵĽ⣬漴۾оһĿھԼʶ
û̫ʱ䣬һοھ㴫ɡ
οھȴ㹻£ʹʱľɸоеƣҪײ򣬻Ҫʱ䣬ңֻ򵥵ĽʩչһҹĲʱ䣬Ӧ㹻
ʩչ˹ඥ֮ˮͫƺеһĿ
վһۣ漴ԥûٶϻֱһʹصԼľԺУصԼ䡣
֪ʱֱӱչѧϰ߻ָľ
ڴӦˮͫ£ѳŵȻΥûħ֮ģҲһΪǸĿġ


669 ۷һս
һصϢڲתϸϸͨĲͬá
оԼϴ߶߻ָĿھڵĵʱһζ۵·ߣڲת˼ѨȻÿѨУһ
ůģͬһСС̫Ѩɢԣƽʱ֮ʱ
ƺ̺޾Ȼ߶ȼʱĸܻҪңҪԵҺ֢ƺҲСࡣ
ճϢ
ͣչ¶˼
ܾã߻ָȫӦֻһݣзǳСһݡ
ΪѨʮľܹİŸѨλ
УʮľʮһѨλųѨʮ˸ȫΪѨ
УܳƵϴѨģֻһ˸
ոգ֣ˮͫڸԼ߻̼Ѩһ˴Ѩ֮УƺֻһСΣδӦġ
Լף߻Ȼʮֲֻһƪʮ֮һҡ
ǻˮͫ˽ֻԼʮ֮һȷᡣ
ȻֻѨܵɲɴ̼ȫһ˴Ѩ֮ʵԼһս
ԼʤѩǶɣȣµһûˣǽս
һƪʮ֮һĲо˾ˣȻ棬߻жǿ
ָǲǻ߻ö֪ˡ

ʱתۣһҹʱѹȥ
Ȼ˵ȫ߻ҲԿ϶ԼٿǿսʩչԼˡ
ǵȴսʼջرˡ
ȻѾ˹Ĵۣǰ֮λǿ϶һġ
գҲϾʿޣʽǰʮʱ

֮ϣٴλһá
ֻһΣȴ޺̨һ¹Ϊı䡣
ΪЩѾǰЩ˷ʩлҳǩĹ
ÿսֻٰһһֵ޹ķʽгǩսˡ
֮սһǰǧж
ǧȻʵȫһֲֿıСüµʹ̼Ȼǧͫ£ջǲʧܣٻһʤ
ڶʦū
Ϊ֮ǰ̨ʱʦūйһսԻֱ䣬ʦūʤ
Ͻ֮һɽԼʿʥսϽ֮һˮӡˮͫ
ĿһսϽڲһ֮
ġӡһϽ֮ײʥʤһʱ֮ΪĿĽ㡣
̨֮ϣʥʩ֣Ȼˮͫġ򻨷ɿѩָҲǳصģɻʤ
ֱ󣬲ʥʩչϣԸѹһʩչָ߻ָʤһջǼѵػһʤ
ĴҲСǾһʮȥ߰ˣúϢһ£ֻһսѴˡ
ĳǶɶʤѩ
Ȼǽգһ۷Ծ
Ƕ뻪֮䣬ѾйһսսȻûĿãҲ˵ˣǶСлʤ
Ȼͷƺʲôһֵĳɫ𽣣սɱͬһ̫һ˲ӡ
ǶСиӲƷϽ׵ġ䡷˵䣬ΪĹˡ
¾ǰ˴ţ˳ڵġ쾭Ҳûһ֮ȡ
ġƷ˵ҲԶѷ䡷ӣ߸һģƷ½ƷϽ֮Ĳ࣬ͨƷĵƷ֮Ĳࡣ
ԣǶСбˡ䡷ĵع֮»츳ȺɲòʧܣʹʧһǣɥʧʤѩȾһĻᡣ
Ϊһս˶أ˶ΪûϳĻᡣ
ԻѵһĶԾȷǶʤѩ֮䡣
û뵽սĳֵ۷һҲǣѽյľսǰˡ
ǶСһϮ°ɮ£վ̨֮ϣʤѩͬƮһʱ֮䣬̨˵Ŀ⡣
ϵ̫ƺûйʡ
ʣǣһսս̨ϣһĲڸɮɫ΢Щ
̧۾̨ϣȴһսĽ
˵һսǶʤ±Ͼ֮סϾһڣٵĻᣬҲǲġ
ǣΨһķǿʧ٣סսԭ콾һϯΪħʱ¸Ҫһսǲ˥䡣
°˴󶥼֮һϾᵹ
ʤѩʤ󣬺òȡһһĳɼ
ʮ꣬Ͼʿ޵ĿףһԽһϺȴûһڽ
ǣҲһ
˵Ӣţֽ
ʮòһһ̸γֽ˵ȥоǱ衣


670 
ʱһһֹȥȥʱ䣬̨ϵ˻һƺʯ˭ҲûȶֵĴ㡣
̨µˣ˭Ҳа㲻ͷĸо۾һգգ̨ϣ´κһ˿ϸڡ
Ǳ˽ôãǿ϶ŭӳˡ
̨ϵˣȴûһɫ
˵ûɫǸͷ
ڸ֣ǻŵĿݣҪôһֵġ
ңܼ֤۷һս˶һ˵飬ǽŻڴ˼
ҲվȺУûпⱩ¶Լʵָʵ˻ΪҶߣ˶ԶԶġ
ҲֵˣĿ⾼̨ϣ˼һսʤ
ȻʹĿһսʼǰҲ˵׼յ˭ʤ˭ʤѩǶɡ
紵Ƕɺе°ɮۡ
üĿ˫ƺʮ̨ƴã鰲ꡣ
£һ°׹⻪ǹⴹ䣬֮Уĵ񣬲˼䡣
ʤѩƷ̽ѩƮϢƮ¸ߣϢ¶ԡ
·վ£˼ϣƺʱⳤһֹŹֵָо
һ̨̣ϵˣȻƺʧ˵ĸ֪֮УĿǼҪΪѾ˷ȥˡ
ǡ
̨֮µ˴ʧɫ֪У˵һ䵭ƺҪȥ
Щ˲ԣЩȴ֪˼ı֡
ѾܵĿռ䣬سΪһ壬Ȼ֪
ͬ壬ǵΰѾڷǿߵˡ
ˣһҲֻѨ۷壬һѨڣͶʮ꣬ȳɾͣ⡭
һЩʮϰ꣬ƺѨƿͻƵˣε
棬оʱ
ҲֻһԸıһսĽ֡
ңԶһֻݻƵķҶ˳磬ս䵽Զŵм䣬һ˲ƣ
ۣ
ûκηӦ·һѹƬҶ˲飬ʤѩʱͬʱˡ
ְν֣ʤѩƶͬ˲һ˲ǶСеĶ棬һȣʽʱ֡
ˮ˻أ
ûκԥ־ǾС
ټƷ̽ѩһ̨֮ϣ̵Ľ⣬ͬһĺˮ˲佫ǶСаС
Ȼʱ˿̵ǶɣȻδ˫ʮָȴ·һ㣬˲ӡ
ˣ
۾ɽգΣȴһ˲תγ쫷֮ۡ
֮Ȼһ˲ʮγһ³ӣĽ̽⵲⡣
°׻̽ⲻϽžĻ֮Ȼǽ̽⣬°׻޷ռϷ֣һʱ뽩֡
״ʤѩ۾һҲ֪ƾֶΣʤǶɣ롣
ºԥһ£ʱϱһڱӵ죬ϳ˿˿ϰɫĵ𻨣̶ϵƣʱڽ
ȼѪ
ȼн޵ʤѩȻһһĻʣ̨µ˿۾󾦣һ¶ŵı顣
¼ңǵһңһ֮ңδؾǼޡ
ȼѪ֮ʤѩϵ࣬һ̣ٴ֮ľתʢ䣬ľһ˲ɺ״ֱ֮ɫ
ʤѩΧγһƬĿ
ֳ֮䣬ʤѩʵٴμɡ
ʽҹ⣡
ʽʩչʤѩתеķ̽ѩһĿĽ⣬֮ƣϵؽ˻ǶСΧ°׻֮ϡ
һ˲䣬ʢǻۼһ̣ɫҪ͸¹⻪еǶСеı֮ϡ
ڴʱǶСڵһ۾
ֻǰתʤѩ̾ϢһȻȱĳƣػǱ̽һķ̽ѩ֮ϡ
䣡
мĽʤѩ÷ľĺ˲飬һ˲ˣɫЩѿؿеı
ֻƷ̽ѩ֮ϣѾһɫ⻪ͬճڽ֮ϣϵĽʹ޷ȥƺǸ֮һ
еԸƣ
Ȼ֮ȥʤѩҲð׷ѹǶСУʵ
ǶСûп˵˵ͷ
Ȼ
ʤѩ̾Ը綾ȻʴҵҲ޷ڵ䣬ƷϽ׾ѧ֮һʤѩ


671 ʱΪ
̨֮£ʤѩԣҲǲһ󾪺
ԸڷУָԸ֮
ԽԸԽǿֻҪ岻Ը֮ͼһճ
ѹּʹʤѩ¼ҶƷ˷̽ѩϵɫ
ΪǾǶСеԸ֮¾˺ƵĵƷϽ׹Ҳѹƣѽ
οˣûʱͬĹ
Ⱥ֮Ҳǲɵÿ˫Ŀһеһ֣ϯӣȻʵӦûû׷ġֿնɡڤҲԶˡ
ԡ䡷еĵ˼ɵ
ͨѾЧˡǶɣȷһֵӵĶ֡
ȻˣҲ˽ˡ
ʤѩ﷽䣬ʽʩչֱһ䣬ӻгһɫһӣڰС
˲䣬ɫ֮ϣҫ۵Ľ⡣
Ľɫ壬ͬһ⻪ҫ֮Ͻ磬š
һ̣գ⵹ָһǶСУʤѩеķ̽ѩһƺҲâΪʧɫ
ر꽣
̨µˣŵ¶ɫ֮ʱʤѩѾٴγˡ
ֻһָĽɫ⣬ͬɽһ㣬ǶСȥ磬伲ס
˵已һСɽܴһֻҲ˲٣Ϊҽ
һ̣ǶСҲѵõ¶һ˿֣֮ɫ
˫ƺʮһα۾ȻһȦһȦΡ
ЩΣ߲ɫԽԽԽڹ⻪Խʢ࣬ȣƣ̣࣬ϡ͵صЩܶɫǰ档
飬飬飡
һ̣缲Ĺ˶ĤǶСβܱߵɫȦȴϱɢһ㣬ڶ㣬㣬Ĳ㡭
գʱ֣ɫ⣬ȦȫȻ㣬ɫҲɢ˴룬ƴٴ뽩֡

ǶСûſڣ֮УȴȻһȻ𳪣һ̣ŷתһȻĪֲ쳣ľ޴˲佫ܱ߽һ
ɫɶأǶС˫ۣһ̣˫֣һİӡȽȽʤѩߡ
ӡ
һ̣ʤѩֳ꽣ɫһ±ޱ֣أ꽣ûԤеЧҲʱء
һУǲӮˡ
̾ϢһʤѩȻһ˫ֵ꽣̽ѩϰա
ȴҲͬʱ۾˫ʮָһγһŽ״
һ̣ˣ
ʤѩڣһȻƺһ𱻷ӡǧĹͻȻѡ
һɲĽ⣬֮ȻԽԽԽԽͷγһɲĳ׽⡣
УԼʱתռ
ʤѩ۾
һ̣࣬ͬ䷲oһУͷǵ׽⣬ȻС˫ָ֮ϣͬһСߣ˸
Ȼ˭óǴɽٺĿɲ
Ƕɣ̾һ̽һϹżõһν⣬ΪǿĿǰҲֻܴ߶
Ȼʹֻн֮ϡҲʩչֻǣԹڵ䣬ĳò²ߡ
ǶɣǵһĳóһеˣҲǵһʶһˡй㻹վţҰܣˣʤ
䣬ϵĳ׽ٴβǴȻ󻺻ǶСУͬʱɫ֣쳣ػ˳ضɷʱΪʱս⣬ն
Уһ˲䷢һƺĻնǶСУ۾״¶һ˿֮ɫ
һ˫ּߣ֮ϣȻ޾İɫ⻪
ɫ⻪£ҫһƬ͸ǧС޺Ӱĵ˼䡣
ּ䣬ǶСǰ˸ӡͬʱɳڵһӡ֮ϣɫһ죬ſŻȴӲǽһѪѹ˺䣬ȻʩչУҲǸС
ҲǾ˵ġ
ӡͬʱһһɿֲķϢ˲ɨ˷
ͷ̲סһ𣬼ʹЩѨ۷壬벽ǿߣһҪѪĸо
һ̣޴󻯵İӡʤѩĳ׽⣬ںȻһ
̨һƵĺ죬˲ʯɽɾľɵһ̨˲Ϊ۳


672 ս
̨£˶Ŵͣȵúϲ£졣
½һ̨ʹõģ֪սԱʵǿԽõľʲôͨϣǼʯľ
ľٶˣµطӳ֣Ƿǿս𻵡
ڣʤѩǶһս̨֮ϣһ֮£̨Ȼ˲߹˲⡣
ʵڿɵ˵۾
ˣû˼ȥע̨ǺսʤĽ
̳ɢȥһƬǽķУһ˾վһ£忡ѩʤѩ˭
ǶСУȴ˳ʮԶվڷ֮⣬ƽϵ°ɮۣһȾ
Ȼֻ룬˱㿴ʤ
ȻվڷĵʤѩԻʤ
˳̨ΧǶСУȴʧˡ
˲ǱߵѪǶСгʤѩЦЦ˵ͷȻȻ뿪ûаʧһƵᡣ
·μӵĲһ۷Ծ弸ѲμӵСá
ʤѩߺԭƽɫҲȻȻһ䣬ȻۡһһѪɫһ˲԰ס
ȻʤˣҲǿѹƣƷϽ׾ѧͬΣͬС
Ī˵ӡԸƣҲͬΡʤѩΪսʤǶɣʹԼѹƣ꽣ǿд߶ĳؾеһ⡣
⽣󣬵֢ȴҲǼأֽ׶ܳܵ˵ġ
һλǿµĽ⣬ҾһλĽǿߣ侹Ȼ̺ʱռ˫ذ塣
ְ壬˵ѨǷУֻҲֻ޽ӽڵĶ棬ʸ
ǶС½󶥼֮һ䣬Ͼȫʧ̺ʱռĽ֮£Ҳ㲻ԩ
ʤѩһսҲǵƾ¶Ԫˡ
սʤǶɣһнֵá
ΪĿǰΪֹϾʮǿɱûаܼģֻˣʤѩ
֣Ƕɣʤѩţսһ漣
ϣʤѩԾĻˣԣսʤǶһսʤѩڵһѾȵġ
ǵ֮Ͼһ徳֮һ
ºߣ̨ʩչֶΣʵһصʱս⣬ȡһµĳƺţһĳƺš
𡱡
Դ֮ʤѩٲֹһҲûٳƺϾǱǽ
ԽΪ𣬰£Ǵ˿ʤѩȻﵽ˶㡣
ΪڶսԱΪݵĶ

ʤѩǶһս֮Ϊ̨٣Ϣ˽ʱ
ɮڽԱ£ɿõľ޴ľʵˣڶ࣬һʱ֮һոµµľ̨Ȼ´ǰ
漴ǩʼս
峡Ծ
һ۷սٴ
һǱһǽţʿ
˭վȻ˹ע
ȻһδܣǺʤѩһΪֹΨһȫʤսˡ
˶֪һսѾľ޴ֻ½ϳѣһսҲûʲôˡ
Ȼܹһʤսȴʵδ
ǣǶһս˼ʶĿɲʵʹδˣֻɲĶ֣ԶһսЩȤȱȱ
Ȼһ̨վ棬̨µˣȴһƬ󻩡
ȫӵΪпܲˣһʱĿȻԼ۾
ιӲŵİɣˣ̨ȡ裬ʲô壿
˾֮࣬
ûΪһҹ֮䣬ȫָá
˶ΪӲŵģֻƾ壬ͱһսʤϣ֮ǰĶţһսǲԼʲô
Ϊȫûʤϣ
ֻмˣ۾죬ԡ
ΪʱȫûӲŵӰɫƽ̶ˮһ˿ֻ뵣ǣǼУһ£˲һĲ²⡣
Īǣһҹ֮䣬ȫԭ
Ȼ˶ãⲻ̫ܡ
Ȼһ뵽䣬漣飬ҲͲȻ
ǣǼȻ뵽ݵˡ
ǸݵˣЩ֮ҲͲΪˡ
һսʥ֮䣬ʩչԶĹƺƷ׵ȼȫѹϽһ˲ʥ˶ݣ˼Ļɡ
һʼɲʵݣֻǵ˵ڵӡʱЩ˲ŻȻʩչıǵƷѹֲʥղУܡ
Ǻ棬Լʵʤˮͫ˶ĺ棬ﵽһ㡣
ºвȥʣʲôˮϵΪĵƷ֪˴֮һһŵƷ½׹ʱʱʩչعϡ
˴ţ֮һĵӣᣬʮ꣬ԣʸлѧϰڹġ
ܿ죬ʵݣˮʯ˵Ĳ̽
ԣʵ󶥷ӣԱսСӳԱ֮һΨһҴļ֮һ
򹦵ѧϰһ㣬һӰ֡ĳƺţսȴƺΪ𡱡
ԣӰ֡ƺţڻԪʱһͨƺţӰֻڲԱ֪
Ѩƺţἰ
Ըˣ׽սõǸţҲǡ𡱣ϾǸ㣬࣬
ʤѩһڽ˳֮Ϊ
ʹǿҲϾΪӰޣǰͷ˽֣½
ϾʿϣսʤǶɣһս¶ǿĽ츳š𡱣ȴ˹ϵĳƺţӰ켰½
⣬ҲӰһĳƺš
ʤѩ
һʱ֮䣬̨֮£ʵݵۣȻ
Ƭ̣˿񣬱㲻һˡ
ԭսĹ֮һѨΪ󷽣죬ǿǾһдʵͣҲˡ
ʵݣˣʤѩҶɣҲ۾΢
Ȼ֮ǰ²⣬ȻЩԾ
˼θӣΪʲôҪԶڶμӶʿȴܵϾЩһսҪ


673 Ԫ¼
̨֮ϡ
һ£üгʵ˻վԼ۾Ҳ΢΢һգ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ƣȫˣ
üʵЩš
ҲκһˣҲһսصĺ֢һҹ֮ʧӰ٣·ڹ
мֹʲô˽顣

شɫǱ൱ľɵ
ϾԷΪɲʲôƲ磬ԼΪֹϵǿһˡ
֮ǰϵǿв
ߣ
һȻЦˡ
ҿһսȷʡ
Ȼֵ˵
ȻҲָһսָʲô˼ȻԼһսҡ
ȻһսսֻҲ뻪Ŀ
ֻȴףȻᵽһս˼
ҲģΪֻ֪ҪȥԷᱩ¶ԼĿģʱˮͼɡ
˵ɷϣʵǿսʤҲң
˵ֻǾţҪʲô
һ䣬ȴ˫üһţһ
ֻǣʵһǰɲ
ûֶΣȰϽ䣬ٴһս󣬻棬̫ˡҲΪΪһսδսҲʲô
Ǻǣԭˡ
׶Է˵ʲôˣֻǶҪȻܴӦ
һѼĻ굤ô۴ˮͫŪ߻ָһսѾǱűʤľģôΪһ仰Զ䡣
ˣǺЦһ𻰣ֻǷʵأ
ԣɫʱһ䣺Ǳ㲻Ҫˣ̨֮ϣʧ֣һ˵㣬ҪԸ
в
һЦøϻֱӿڵáˣǱɣ
һУٴ֮
漴һȦ͸ɫ֣ܣԷһ
̧ͷŶĻ˵
̿ˡɻãȻԼҪֲñˣ
Цһ֪ȰҲٷϻֱһȵУ
һ̣̤ƣֱһȭ
ȭȻªȴƴһ޻صš
Ȼһȭֻһ½ţܹȥ漴ڵҲҲһаɣ
䣬ڵʱޣȻȻһ˹ȥ
ӡ˵ƾڰкȻײȻɲ
ӻ˻Σ
ɫ΢죬ǲΪ⣬Ȼ䣬һδƽһƺһ˺һڽ仯ȥ

һϳʩչĹ϶еİ֮
Ϊ⣬ֻЦһֻУ仹ü
䣬λζȻ䣬һΪˣ˵Ӱͬһ󷨣ԼУת

漴ȻƣУоŵ죬ͬСмֽһγһĺ컨
˾ϳƷΪƣǽ¥ľѧ֮һ
Ҳҵ֪һƵĲͬѰҴ⡣
˲ľ𣬼ӳ֮£ʢһȻ
ųˮһΣȻоذ֮£ƺδͷһذֻǻơ
ˣһƵɡ
ĪǵذĳΣ
ذǿ൱һ۷ľˣΪҪ¡
û뵽⼸ϵĴսȻǰĺۼ
ɴҲǸ򵽣ǰ˵ĹȻûϣ˶ս֮ͻȻͻơ
֮䣬Ҳ׻ýףͻƿ
ֻΣ̫
кܶˣܻûüͻƣˣҲǲ١
Ըôˣࡣ
мˣȴУջ񣬽ɿ죬ԶʵЩ֮Ĵ̼ġ
ʱμʮսһһգһһѣˮʯˮɣһССջ񣬽ƶһ۷ĵز
ɣһϲĽҲʵǿһ֡
Իʤģ֡
뻪һսĴ̼ܵѹԱƣʤһս͡
һ̣˵ڰٴཻһΣӿµ쫷ŵŵңһ岽ɫһ˲
ذ
Щŵؿڵû뵽Ȼڵ񾳵ءó汾£޷ķˣ
䣬˲֮ϣǧվۡ
ΣȴڲϰθߣӢ֮ϣֳһ˿
ƷоԪ¼
¥Ͼѧ˵һŲ㣬Ϊֹ¥Уˣһֻܴﵽ㡣ν¥¥ֻۣ߲㡣
֮ǰУǺȻ˵ڰ˲㣬߾ھŲ㣬ֻһ֮ң
һʱ̨£ڽԻȻȻ֪Ԫ¼Ŀ¡


674 ǰ޹
飬飬飡
ٻƣڻ֮ϣֹй
ֻ鷢ˣȻƾϺڻϣȻϣֻǲһЩ⣬ͽĹȫȥ
ı˿Ʋļƣͬѥɧ𲻵κЧ
⡭
һ̣ҲǲЩˡ
Ȼ֪Լﵽһ۷徳жذƽһѨӣô£ѷ飬֧ء
㲻Ҳˡ
ֻ⻪ȴȫ⣬ֶûĹٹϣȴȫЧӡ
Ԫ¼Ȼǿ󣬹仹ûϡ
ƷоȻͬΣ
ǵһ֪仹֮ǽ¥һѧţ⻹ǻļޡ
Ȼ
Ƭ֮󣬻ֹͣ˹ΣȻ׳Լ֮һͷ
֮ϣϺ˸֮ͬУһУĿؼ䣬¶ΣնĮϢڸ˼䡣
Ԫȭ
ŶɫĮͬһֻڽűߵϣȻһȭ
һȭҷԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ܱ߳⻷ƣγһ״ȻѾȭ⾫ꡣ
ҵľȫתذ£ٽһ
ۣ
ͷһ𣬱һѪŲһ죬߰˲ŷվȣȴԸе֮һѪڡ
ֻһһЩ΢ˡ
Ȼ̧ͷĻȴǻȻ£ܲһܵӣͷٴ΢΢һ
ղܣȴȫһǣ뿴ʩչԪ¼湦Ļǿʲô̶ȣ𺳡
ֹ⹥Ҳһ屶ȻһȭԼԼˡ
ȻһŴϹŵطӳȫԵģУ
ȻˣҲǸöˡ
ܵԪ¼ǿͿ£֣һΣ޹Ľ˲֣һּ䣬ͬ㳯׷״ȥ
ʮ־ںͼžһк
С
мһЦܣһȭ
˲ǹ飬޹Ľһ˷ɻأһ㲽ص̨֮һ̤Ѿٴαƽһȭ
ʲôһ𣿡
⣬಻ȻʹˣڻԪȭǰԱϷ磬òϵˣѪڣѾ̨ԵۿˣҪȥ
ڴʱ΢ЦһݣŻ˲䣬ͷ˹ȥ漴޹ĽٴζһΣȴȫһˡ
֮ϣ͡죬İɫϸâɣֻգۼ䣬ͽУɲĽ̨֮֮˺һѺۡ
⣡
һ̣ȻһԼʶеľ⣬丽޹Ľ֮ϣŰѻ̨࣬׼һ̨
ǺǣһУûз㣿
عǺ⣬һЦ֮ϺһϵƣȻһȻٴࡣ
ھŲԪ¼ǵһʶҲ֪˵һǲң
̨˾𾪵ĿУһƣֻƣȻɳס̹һ
ꡭֲ𣬻֮ϣðĿỊ̇Ȼƣȴɼʯ˿
޹Ľ̺֮ľ⣬ڼģһʹ
һ̡
֣
̺֮ľ⣬ĥ֮࣬ƶʱƣ֮ϣٴһʢȻȻ˦һӡ
һ̣Ļھ޹ĽҲòסһȻֱ˦ͨһ̨·ʮ⣬Ծɲѣ⻪ƺһ˿ԣҲȫĥˡ
ƷϾֻƷҲԹΪƷһͨľ
ڻУ޹Ľǳ׻ˡ
ž
š
̨£һƬ˿һ⣬˵ĻͷһΣһɿ£еٸо
⻹ͽսĽлʤ˦ߣ⻪Ȼǿȵز
ǶһսûбֵսĪΪ֪У׾죬һսڱصõĻʩչֶΡ
ھŲԪ¼ֻһ͵۷Բǰ޹ˡ
һΪ¥ʷ޳Ԫ¼ɾ֮һˣôǿҲͲΪˡ
ʩչ˵ֶ֮һľ⣬ƣͽ飬ĴҲġ
ǵһΣľⱻ˸ͽȥ⣬ȻǿҲţǣղյƷƷ϶ûôס
ֻǣǼ裬ⱻƣʶһʹŲ̨²ϲ޹ĽмʹһĪãȻ
ûˣ˵Ѿ䣬ֻ
֮սֻҪһнΪ
ⲻͼУ򵽵֮
һУĲǡ
̨£˿ӲԭأΪѾʧȥ˶ǣȴֶȻ۾ȻĻ΢΢һЦ


675 ̫
Цˡ
ȻЦˡ
һ̨̣ٴסǿԱĻǲ΢Ϊʤȯյ˿̵ЦݣĿ

һٴ̤ǰһ˫ȭ˸ǣسһ£Ҫ˲ֳʤ̨
֪˿̿Ԫ¼ھصĻжǿûмȻǿߣʤѩýֻҪϰܡ
ȻԸӲӣŲһӰѥʱͬʱ̶ȣ˷·һĨй⣬˲䳯˶ܹһȭ
漴֪һζıǲеģһһУһʱɳģһͷССĺɫţͷӰ
Ǳǵ˽֮һȽ𽣣
ԽҲƣҪԴ˽֮ŻԪ¼Ŀɲһȣ˭ʤ˭
ڿһӣ漴ͲǴǳСɽһŰԵƣѹȥֱ滪Ԫȭ
䣡
һѵصľ𣬸ո޸ûǫ̃һΡ֨֨ҡƺҪѡ
ͷסˣˣҲ̨£޲һɫп˴˿̷Ĺ֮ǿ󣬾Ȼٴγͨ
ߣн𽣣ΪûУ
ܵȽ̺Ȼ֪Ϲӵֲ˼ͨƾԼԪȭδռϷ硣
˻۾һ֮£Ȼִһ̣һ·һĿɲϢ˲С
һһ˲֣֮ӳȽ𽣻ҪǿͻգģȴԿԼҲһС״ب֮С
켫
һȣȻ䣬ɫСţ˲ȼգȻһ٣Ƚ𽣹
һ䣬ȻûϵԷҲһͬĽ𽣣ƺƷױȽ𽣵Ʒ׻ߣʱɴ󺧡
뵽մ˵ǶһսʱҲʹùһֵͬĽ𽣣ʱûзӦ
ֵز֪ӵеģȻҲһǽ֮һҿģֻºȻʧѾãѲ֪ٵĵһ𽣣̫𽣣
ջأȴˡ
ڰкȻཻƬ̺Ƚ𽣱һСΪһ⣬·ɻУȴѾܵСĴˡ
־ŭûϵʧ֮һ֮׾Ȼ˻С
ѹֶԷһСطʿȻӵȿµʵֻ޳ǵھŲԪ¼֮⣬̫𽣣Ҳһԭ
ûа취ˡ
̾һôʩչȼΪʩչ֮󣬳Լһ굤ʣսôͿֱˡ
ʵԶԶĳȼֶΣֻһսԲ£̸ζ
ԣһҧ˲˾һ֮ɫ֮󣬱ɣ˲ȫ
ϵƲ˲䳬˶Ļѹ֮⡣
һȣһУڣ˲֮أ绯ΪһƬ𺣡
ʮɫڶͬߣ̨ΧУŶĻȥ
߽׻ü֮һ
ʵ֮ٴʩչҲǿ࣬۳Ը㣬ܻı仯Ҳʮء
ǣ˿ʩչȼʵһ˼̶ȵŻüӵ˿µκֶ֮¡
ţе˼ˡ
̨ĺɫ٣һȻһָ̧ü֮䣬ǵʣȻ˸Ȼһֻ𣬵ǹ⣬в
ƣҲٴξԪ壬߶ھŲ۷ĲΣ֮У͸ϣһöӣ˸ɢһϹ⡣
漴ٴδ߶̫𽣣Ϊһ콣⣬¡
Զ̨ͺȻпѣٴһΪУǸܵɫͬʱҲǲٴΰû뵽⻪Ҳһűط
üĵǵʣȻγɣطγɵĶӡǣȻԽԪ˲ޣԼҪɷĴ
ʱʵﵽһΪ۷ʱȻҲܾ£˲һǰȥ
飬飬顭
һƶҵһٱ˺飬˲䵮ٲɫ԰׼֣Ʋɵ֮ƣƶ
һǲˣһȼ֮Ȼһս˵ʤ
һҧȻѾȷԼһսҲͲںټӲһˣĿһ֮£ʳжָ˲Լ֮ϵ¡
漴ֻоͷ֮УѨ˲һɿɲںϽʩչȼУʵһʱٴμ
ǲˮָͫ𣿡
̨¿һĻ˵ķ׷׾㾡ȫԼǿһǿɲĹ
۳𣬺ˮ澫˲һȻ󷢳ɲ⡣
֮УɫҲͬʱתУƺĳЩ֪ת䡣
һ̣һɫƾȻȽȽ˲뻪̫𽣽һ
һµɫҰףۡһһѪԶԶ׷˿ȥ̨Եûгȥ
Ľ˲һѣ˸ֱӵɳȥʮɣֱӵ̨Ե۾Уǲ֮ɫ
ô䣬ⲻܣ
ȣ뷢ţ״Ʒǲ֮⡣
̨£Ҳһ˲


676 սβ
ܻвϣ˾ˣ㾡ȫ£
ǱĴӵлԼ̫𽣣ʱǱ̫𽣣Ѿȫ޹ãưܣ·һѷöʱһֲۣɻͷһۡ
Ž֮ջػУţһȥ׼ϢһӦԽս
֮ǰ緢ȣʱεΧ߶һ̡
Ȼ۾һȴֲ֪ʱһµʤѩȻӭȥܿߣƬ֮˵͵Ͷһ󣬻ɫ䣬֪ʤѩ˵ʲôƽ
Ƭ̣˾쳣ĿȻͳǱССĽ𽣣ݸʤѩʤѩֽӹһлɻػУҲ߻ԭλ
һʱ䣬ž˶ЩԼ۾
Ȼ˿̽ѾԵЩаܣǺʣǰ¶Ǿ˵ģĽģ޴һرɽ˭ӵУ
û뵽ȻΪ仰ͽʤѩ
ܿ죬뵽һ˵ڲɻȻ򣺡ԣѹҾǱЩ죬ǽ¼ҵĵ˽֮һ̫𽣣ԭˣ
ҲǣϾ¼֮˵Ѿã¼һֱѰңȴû˿û뵽֮һȻ䵽˻УѹʵֻҲ֮
ţӦˡûʤѩûɽֻҲ˲СĳŵȻ㱻ϳ¼ңҲû׽ȥġ
һҲͷҲ϶˿ɽлйأû¼ҳֻºѻָԭ״Իãʤѩһһ޴Ĵֻۣǲ֪Ǿ޴ĴЩʲô
˵ĺ棬Ҳ뵽֮ǰսУҲʹһͬķɽͻʩչ̫𽣼ơ
˲뵽һ׷ɽ֮ʱֺΪʲôҲӵһ
һ֪ǵս֮һ¼ҵӹôƷҲֹһֱȺߡ
˶ʱֺЦ汲ǲҲҷţҲΪʲô֪˽Уʤѩû׷أ
ǵȻ֪ʤѩû׷أֻʱûĶΪû뵽¼ΪҪʲôء
ԵĿǰΪֹ𽣣ɻУûб¼׷ء

ʤѩ뻪̸һĻͬʱҲС
ûʲô뷨ֻ΢΢һЦԸһΪ׷һΪЩۣû˭Կ˭Կ˵
ܵͬˮһȥ֪εĺ֢϶ǴûҪӿҪ£ʱҲЩˡ
ϽҸطϢֱһ·߲˵ķˣһսʤˣҲΪ˵Ц
ҺΪûϴһʡ
ɼ߹ȥԼص޹ĽȻߵһƧ֮¡
޹ĽȻˣϾôãи飬ôģ룬Ҳǲ
ȻѰµĽĵ·Ҳüޡ
ȻϾʿ˼ѣ徳ʿޣһԺһĽûУҲϳսˣΪܱ֤Ρ
ˣ֮ڣҪŪһﵽƷϵΪԼı徳ʿ֮·ŻߵƽЩԶЩ
޹ĽƷҲЩˡ
Ժ˼תȴҲûţִӴͳһƿҩУȻʼĿָ壬ͬʱһĬĬȴһսĿʼ
Ȼƾʱ壬ǿٷһ굤ȻǱϳˡ
굤֮ܹһҲֻѾõһǿɱǰٷһЩֵ
Ͼÿһ굤һ
õһǱ⼴ʹ徳ޣɴղشдʸ
ʸ˷һĵҩΪٽһȻԸ⡣
ˣ뻪һսʱ󱻱ŶŴ߶ȼ߻ָѾûϳ׼󼸳ս꣬㣬ûйһϾʿ֮С
ϾѾ˻ǶСеһʴսʣµļȻԸ
ȻϳԲμսǶĦЩģҲź
ϾǰѾһõĳɼˣ֮ǰҲǱȷˣûԼʧ
죬ϾʿʽӣսҲ͵˸÷ʱȱϯ
֪ʱҶҲߣ˹ˣҲûдš
̨ٴλٻµСȻһεûȫٻһ£ܿãսڿʼ
ʤѩ󻪳
״̬ͷҲʩչһֲȻ֢ҲС١
Ǳˣǿƴһ£ʤѩֱ֣ҡҡͷһս
ˣʤѩٻһʤﵽ˰ʤһĿǰΪֹΨȫʤˡ
˶֪һˣ飬ģҲûм̨Ĵ㣬ʤѩѾȷϾһ
Ҫֵģǵڶĵȸζѡ
ΪսʤĿǰѾ϶ǵֻҪϳʣȻԶȨ䣬ȵġ
漴߳ʼ
ǶɶԾ
һʾ׵սǶɺе䣬ǧͫ˴۽硣
ͷǶɺиʤһʤ
ƺЩ״̬֡
ǧͫҲԶһոһսʱʮУ⻹ǶСĽ˲ɴ۾
ʵǶɣӦҲɣĪǶͷбҪʵɣ
˵Ļɣܾǰˣ٣ǶСҲͬʤֻʣһǾǸһս
ѾȷսǶСȻԶʤҲʤõڶΡ
ڰ˳Ƕɶ
ȻûϣֱսǶɻʤȷ˵ڶ
ھųʤѩ
ȻٴսʤѩսʤսݣΪ֮ĵһ
ˣϾ֮λʽһʱ䣬ӪУһȻظߡ
ϺӪǱߣЩʿԣȻû뵽ǶɾȻʤѩЩʡ
Ȼѳʵǰ˭Ҳ޷ı䣬գҲֻн˰۵
ңµĺǱϾƹŷΪĸߣԶ˸׽ֽˣ󲿷ˣƽֻͣеʧѡ
ʮ󻪳
ĿǰΪֹҲͬҲ˵ĵ壬սо˭ǵģ˭壬Ϳһս
ȫʢ֮ʣոʹñӦսܡ
Ȼȴ˲첻ѡ
һ㡣
һ㡣


677 ħ
Ҳ֪ǲĲ״̬ΪʲôԭȻ˻ҰܵЩң˰ʮоͰ
ȫ֮ǰսʱӣǷаҲûԭĮԵ·ȫһˡ
ȻΪϢڼ䣬̷һö˵ҩָһΪɣʧҵڡ
ˣȴǾ˴һ۾
ȻޱȣȴһҲûʧһս˲һĵطܾýЩ֣ܲԾ
սҲͰˣսҲ޾ʣƺȫӦ
ӦȫᷢŶԣ㾫״̬ٲãҲһкǧﵽ̶ֳȰɣǣ
Ȼ䣬ӹһһĲ룬漴ָϽҡҡͷԺͷ
ޣôܣôͻȻͲҲҿйذɡ
û˼⣬ȻܾﲻԣսȻѾսܣҲûбҪȥϾⲻԼս
뻪һս˵սҲȫջõõ
ǵʮ֮
ʮһսǻ԰ǧС
⣬ǧɻʤܡ
ʮսˮͫʦūˮͫʤʦūսܡ
ʮˮͫԻˮͫʤٰܡ
ˣսīѳɶ֣ʮĽ֡
ʮĳʦūʥһʦūʹ񹦣ӳ۹˾֮ϣԾʧ˲ʥ֮£Ұճ
һĿһҲǽһСߣ
ʥսǧС
һյϽ֮ףԼֵȸ־ѧһ˿ϣһϾ׵ӵͽܣýӵ콣ǣʾˣһѧ罣Ӱ罣˾档
˴ѷѽ⣬ʤѲ⣬ͷǧʩչһſֲıѧʵͻȻնʮк󣬲ʥжܣǧջһʤ˪֮
ˣϾʿ޳׽ǰʮǰʮȫ䶨˳
ʮڶʮֱΪ
ʮһʦ֣Խϣʮѩаħ£Խ󣻵ʮУ֮ףʮ˾ϣԽ󣻵ʮ֮һ
ʮ¥ֵܣԽ󣻵ʮպУ֮ףʮĿӡǺӣԽ󣻵ʮŮԽϣڶʮ³ལԨϽ
ʮˣڶʮʮһÿ˻һöƷ鵤
ǵΣͷϷǰʮĽ
ϾʿޣʮֱΪʮЦԽ¸󣬿ӵһν²ؾһĦʱĻᡣ
ھ컨ŮʦūԽңͬһνؾһĦĻᡣ
ڰʿʥϽͬϡ
һ˪ۡǧУԽϣͬĻᡣ
ȻЩʣôҲǰʮӵǰ徳ʿ޵Ļᣬ˻Ǳȴ˵ıЩ̨һƣˡ

ģʿǮöƷһ
壬ǧ۹ӡ𣬽ͬϡ
ӡˮͫϽͬöǮزһ
ǮǵţڰƷͬǸһöؾڶƣǿԽУѡһֻҪľ⴫ɡ
ǽͷϷǰ
һȻϾףʤѩѾĳˡʤѩȻǮöμƷһߡ
ͬǮǵţμƷһö¡ؿ⡱ʤѩ¿Գִˣµصءؿ⣬ѡȡһԼϲĴμƷ
ȶȻмΪأ˴󶥼ŵ̺һűٶֻƽʱû¾ͲʹͶѣѡʲôȫʤѩԼˡ
ڶϯӡСǶɣõĽΪǮöͨ鱦һ顣ĽȫţͬĽһ˵
ǵǮöƷоһ
õöǮ˲еǮ䵽öֻ֮öӵн봫дĻˣԴˣȻϲѡ
һƷоһΪϡҲѡ
ƣǰɫǽؾ֮ڶ㣬һҪ١
ҲȻ£׼Ҹʱ䣬ȥԼĽһˣ˵ܴԼĳһʵ
Խ˸߲ң׼ȥ˲䣬Ȼ䣬ԶɽȻһ¡¡죬ţһ޴ĢƳա
˲䣬¸ɮɫǲȻһ䣬뵽ʲô˲ʧɫãǧħ򣡡
ǧħ
ɻ˲䣬Զӵ򣬴ӳһĽӣȻŹ⻪ķϰգǧħķȥգεΪ׳ۡ
ʲôˣ
һʱԼĶ䡣


678 
ʲôˣ
ô£
һʱ䣬֮ϣ˾ʧ룬ɢӡ
˭ûϵ°˴󶥼֮һµһʤأȻгһգᶸȻ˾ޱ䣬ҾͷϾʿ޸ոսһȺսԱڳ£Ƥ֮ס
˵ɺϣɺϣ
ɺϣǾ˹Ϊʱ֮׼ҹ԰˴֮һȵɫʵǸ˾ÿ¡
˰ô˵ùҲƫƫһڴ˵صʱ޶˾ⳡ粨֮С
ˣȴǸоһᵽıζɵһüͷ壬硣
ЩԱȽϼᶨˣվߴԶȥֻʱºɽʱһƬ̹ԭĸӰв֣һӰдȥ੡Ц֮ڶ
ħǧħеħųˣ
һ̣һ⡱ء
һƬѹѹħһЩֱģͷƤ飬ֻµȣһֻ뿪˵ء
ˣȴǶȻԾ𣬳ǧħķٸȥɮΪס
һļ٣ɮƮΪһƹ⣬ºɽķԾȥٶȿգѼ
ǷϣУλɮ
λ벽Ѿȥɮ£ΪһҲûһԼݹ⣬Ǳ߼ӶһʱǺӱ;ߵγʳɷȡ
ȻǶԣ˵صĹսԱ˭ӣӲˡ
ǵļңĵطػƬصİȫǵΣοǧħ£Σ¾սҲ޷˵ϣֹЩħ
ͬʱԺ֮Уɫ⣬׷׷𣬳źɽǧħķȥ
Ȼڵڸɮ˸һٶȸ죬ϵʱҲ硣
һĻ԰ڸɮ棬Ӧûʲôˡ
Ȼڴʱ
˽µĵ棬Ȼ¡¡ţһƬɽХȻı棬ƺҲͬʱ˱ʡ
ǣķ򣿡
һæִҶɵļͷ֮ϣԼһ·У֮
վڸ߸ߵ֮£·ֻʱƽ͵Īı仯һ޴ĺɫУƾɣԽԽԽԽ
ĺˮƺſգγһ޴ޱȵĺڶ˿˿ƵĺɫħвԽԽŨԽԽŨ˷ܵħЦ
ˮеˮݺ࣬ϯ߿գûɵһ룬ͱ޴˺˺ɷ飬Ѫˮ£Ⱦ˺档
ʱڶɫӣ˿òȻľͷƤ顣
ŭ˷ڶһɾ޴ޱȵײ壬ƺɽƵ߷֮һʱܵǺڶ֮С
ãӣ
ֹҶƬХͬҲкܶˣԣ쿴һĻɫ±У˲ɢӣ֮ٴҳһƬ
ţ
ȻȴûߣĿⶨǸγɵľ޴ڶΪоһƺǺڶɵȻͬһѹ֮⡣
Ȼ
źڶԽԽǹܲסˣȻ䣬һӺڶжȻȻԾ棬סء֮һƬ⣬ס˺档
γɵٶȶȻһȻʼպϣ洫˾ޱȵƺԵסҹϴ
Ȼʲôһգʼ˻̡
Ҳ֮ʧ·ڹһ㡣
˾긦ƼҶϰյĽ⣬ϸһ̲סָ̧쿴µ֮飡
Ȼ
ϿУƷƺһƬ飬ɢźƺƷ⣬ѹĺڶסҲ֮ƽ
źǣƬֻаţŲɣƺ
ȻƾŽӦ˲ܽĺڶƽǹֶѹ㣬ֻս֡
ȻʹˣɢˣҲɵһ̶һЦ
ѽôˣԹűд˵µ£ӡһƬ壬ŷɱһҳ飬˵ѹӡ˺ۣϺ̫֮ƽ
Ȼнڴˣˣǲõġ
˻һ˶ʱפ㣬ЩʲôģԱߵ˶ʡ
ԱߵҲ˱ĿĸоһʱΪ⣬βĽ׵鱦Ĵ˵˳˷׷̶̾лѡ
һ󲿷֪Ե֮ۼ齫γɵĺڶԽѹԽСԽѹԽСȻפ㲻ǰ׷վԭأ
ѵһ˻ԵݴһҪѵ۸
۾һһȻ뵽ʲôȴǶȻɫһ䣬æһҶԣǿߣ
ôˣ
ҶҲɻʵ
ʹ󲿷˵Ĺ۸һ˵ؼȻн֣Ĳˣʱúùۿһ£ֻº
Ҫ˵ȿߡ
ȻȴԽ״ҶȻ׵׷ʲô£վǵ˵ͷһļȺ֮·Ӷȥ


679 
˲뿪ûãϿձ
һһѪɫĸߴӰȻһȻϿգȻŷ籩Ͽҳŷı顣
ʲôˣ
˭
һʱ֮䣬֮ϵٴδ󻩣˶һ𾪣û뵽£Ȼ˸Ҳǵȷ籩ȥ
ǲʲô
ȻˣȻܶס籩ѹڲǰ˾𾪡
˵жߵΪֻ±һİ벽Ҳ˳̶Ȱɡ
ϿգƺҲַ֪߲ƣתٶȻٴμ٣ȻһƬӰ׿ò
ء
֮쳹أϿգķ⣬ʢ֡
ѪʵǿȻҲһ죬̶Ҳ޷ƵòϳΧȥۿҲסΣҪѹ䵽֮Уڶɡ
ڴʱˡٺ١һЦȻһ˫ۣ˫֮£ȻȻһ޴ޱȵᣬɢֲħ
ħӿǽ⣬ȻδӴ˶סҲûк˰֡
ڰ֮Уңңǰҳ飬һҧȻһ֣ӻͳһѪĵƿһ۴СȺ쵤ҩһС
öѪɫҩ֮ѪƴǣǼʹ࣬µײסŤţѪͬһƤŤǹġ
ȴܲˣȻһ̧ͷһ˫ͬͫƵͨ۾̲סһţȻԺ޵ĸо
ţ¸¡һЦ˶ȻһֻƣȻǰһץ
һޱȵĿֲצûаѪ⣬׹ɭɭɢħҳץȥ
Ҫʲô
֮ϵˣһĿɿڴԼǰ
ѵŶ
һ˵ûǱϾһʹֻʣһ룬ҲɲͨƷܱȣʱȫ˿ܣҪ˵ѹȡߡ
ǴʱֵΣ֮ʱѹʹ䲻ѹСһȡߣֻ˲ٴθԭԽԽԽԽħͨٴοϺѲ
ѵ³Ϊȫ񹫵У
Ҳһ㣬µ֮µһڵľ˱˵δȡߣܣѵµ׷ٺͱ
²ܲŲʡ
˵£֮ʢ֮ʱѷɫλֱɮȻһʧȥսλ±֮ڣõӳ֮˵ʵ඼ڷһս
ټϻֱɮֱӣɮսɮ
ܴ˭˵δؾǷһλǿߣҲδӵùȥ
οţҲܷȡµ֮ܣ´£һʧܵˣһɹֻ´Ӵ˽°˴󶥼ŵ׷ɱݲֹ
ǿûطҲû˴߶ˡ
ټϴµ֪һӭľǲݣߴöòˣóʲôã
˵ľɣȴĵĽҪȡߣ׹ħצǵأɢſֲħñ飬ȻҲܵѹƣץ֮²⽥
ã¸ɮ
˷Ӧ˳ȥҪ֪ͨոմӴ˵سߵڸɮ
ϧһһȥʱҪ϶ٲ˵ɵǣ˿˸ովǧħ֮䣬еʵĸɮǧħķȥˣһʱ뵽ʱ
˾ץסᣬ˵ϲû֣ڼǴ˶֣һʱѡ
㣡
ڣԥ˲䣬ٴηһѪ쵤ҩƾȻٴαһء
Ȼһȭ飡һ¡𣬶ڲ˲ӵѹΪҳƴСĽ飬תţ뵽Ѫ˵Уһץ𣬳Զٻȥ
׷
ϵ׷ȥضͬʱȻʧȥ˽ѹԭѾСֻʣɷԲٴȻһǣȻ󼱾ٶȾȻǰʮ
á
˾ѹԵʱ򣬶Ȼһɾ£ȻȻ𣬳ھ޶ٷȥ
Ӧˣæʹ˵أݹͣڰգɫ԰ף긦
ˣʵ㣬ӦһģȴһʱЯţһȥ
Ҫʩչܵʱ򣬲ŷϱӳһɿѹȻ޷߶֣ɲ

Ҳ롭
ʱһƬǺ𣬶֮ףȴ˷ѼĹЦͬһħſѪڣڶѪ⡣
ڣ壬ڶɡ
Ӵɽ壬ȻʧӰ٣ͬڹͬʱһħӰзں棬¸¡Цڶ
ҴˣҲҶһɫ˫ŷķټݹ⳯˷Ӷݣһֻ޵ȡ
ЩħڵȴʲôûΧֻǲںڶϿһɿֲѹӺڶ
ĳȻг֡
ȳΧħ֣ǰ䣬ڵȴ߾һ
ô
ڴʱһźƳ⣬ƺɽˮʵĺɮȻں֮ϡ
ԭؿտҲ壬ǷҲл𣬺ɮһѩ׳ü϶ɼɫ棬ͬһССĺܵճ֣ȼյܵնһģ
壬֣ӷ𣡡
ˣ
˫һϣ⣬ͬһ˷ӵȥнӴĺӰ˲䷢֨֨֨֨ļȻ󻯳һɢ
ĺ棬ۺϣźڶ룬ǸֵĿֲΧ˹ȥ


680 ӡ
¸£СУƾҲ֣
䣬л˲һɨɢһ˶ޱȵĺɫͷ­Ӻڶ̽ͷֻһһɺƺƵħ˷ɨ
ϸȥǾһͷഥĴ㡣
ֻͷϣֻ۾գͫɫһа̣Ȼͬˮһ͸ɢŹħա
˿ĶɫͫͽضŰеɮӰ۾¶ΪԻļЦ֮ɫ
൱ڷڵħ
һ̣ǼʶĺɮҲǲɺݺһ̶ͷ£۾¶˾֮ɫ
ֻҪػ۲;䣡
ءȡ䡢ˡ
ɮȻ˫ۣ޾Ĵȱ֮ɫϣɢ⣬ǳԽһɫʥ⣬ȴһ˿ҡ
ҵȼ֮Ϊӡ
䣬ɮ¿ʼ޶ȼҵ
ҵһ״ĶСϰգƮǳֻ۾ľ޴Ϸ
Ȼɮ䣬ӦúȱԸķ⣬ȴڴʱŻһеľȻȻһ˿ԥ
϶
۾У״¶˾ֽӵɫѺڶ
ȻǺڶϾ֮γɵխռ϶ѰħͨǺܼ򵥣ֱӴԽɡ
һڼǿߣ̫ǿһǿдܿռ䲻ȣֱӱռ˺飬ֻѹʵͨ
ʱ˿̣ٹ˲ЩһʱڶγɵĿռѷ죬Ҳ֮ҡΣв֮ƴ
ͼħЩռ֮һʱ׷ױΪ顣
ҴһЩħһʱɾ״һʱ׷Ҵܣ֮ϴ
Ȼûã˻ؾͱռѷ˺Ϊ촷ۣһϸ߿գҵ֮һգȴַ׷׻Ϊ̡
һʱʮħƬ̼ʹ˷ɻɢ䡣
򣡡
ɮʱнѾҵȼ£Ϊһ޴ޱȵĽӡ
ֻʣϰȴʹ֮ɫϷһ˿õѺĻϲ
ͷһ֣˾ͳ׻⣬ɢ䡣
µĽ⣬Ȼһǣ˲ʮڶסҵںϣϳŵ¸Ƕȥ
ǵĽ⣬䣬һꡣ
֮У˲̵ĵ

У¶ֲ֮ɫȻһжͽ͡
Žҵĳ֣ܵĿռͨ˲䳹ױ顣
һмħ൱෨ڵĶǿߣҲֵռĿռ֮ʱ˺˲䡰䡱һΪѪ⣬·ɢ
һŨصϢѪζ˲˷Բ棬µɡ
һ죬һλɢûü˼䣬һ˼Ѫζͳʦδڿռͨб¸ɮɵˡ
ȻĴǣɮĳ䡣
ոսУʧȥһδֵ£һشĴֱɮУһεĴ֣Ϊǿĵػɮڲ䣬ֻȫһηħ֮
סʦ֡
һȻ˵Ȼںһλɫģȱ֮ɫɮҴҸϵȻʱȴʹ
ֻϧٶ죬ǺһԾξ͵˴˵أվһ
֮ϣʱѾָƽԭеĺڶȺħʧֻħƮںϿգʧȥ죬ֲܣֲȥһʱԭز֨֨ҽС
ԭĿռѷ죬ڶϷʱѾһ޴ޱȵĽɫθǣǵĳȼա
ǾǺҵ𣬽ǵػɮһӵԸ𣬳׻ΪӡڶǡֻҪ²һֱڴˣѹ˷ӡ

һʹγı¸ĺɮŵºϵĽӡԼΧƯʣħȻ¶޾Ľ֮ɫ
ħµؽ磬
նƣ
䣬Ȼһƻһ·һľ޴ƣ˲伲ӹ棬˲亣涼Ϊһ޴Ĺ֣еǰħȫߣ˲ȫΪɢ
Ǽƻʣħһɨɮۺᣬڿжŵ½ӡķ򣬰˼ݣһһһԾ˲䳯źɽǧħķȥ
˭ҵҪɨħգһϴ磬ǧ̫ƽ


һ̾ϢϣһƤͷĻɮ££һҳ¶һԵİ
ϱʮ۴ֵľ޴ɫƣƣΣüҲһöɫ񶤣ȴ粻ңԶϿգҲǲ¶һ˿ᡣ
ػۣǺαأǺοࣿ
һ̾ĿӳԶңꡣ
ȴǺĴЦЦЦţ۾ȴǲɵĴỨĴŵ棬ϵһʱ죬·𷢳һ
ԶһۣĿ£סĹ꣬ȴǴɽ£һһŲæɽ仺


681 ʥɮħ
Ҷû뿪Զ֪ٴηʡ
վһ΢ȫһľ룬ڱҳȻһץߣԭΪȫʧȥ˽ѹٴοȻڶȫɣ˶ǲ
ıʣĿɿڴ
ӱܲˣΪѪеɱ
һֻǿµڣӺڶȴһɮ򣬺ڶʧɮȴҲ⣬ɷӡ
⡭
ҶתͷҿԿԼ
֪ⷬʣ
ɵɡ
ڱ˶ͣԭؿ֣Ϊ԰ȫʱֻ뵽˲ԣǰ֪ôǡɱܹһٵһĻ
Ǻǡ
ЦؿһۣڵҶѵΪֹ㻹ãһУֻһ𣿡
ҶһĪǣ˵

ͷشǣֻ¸⣬һµı
һ٣ɫ˵
ұֻ¼£Ȼܸ˴֮һ֣˵Ϊʱ򣬵Ҳ˭ܲһŵġ
š
ҶɱϾǱˣһ˼ܿҲ˹Ȼ
ԣ㿴ͲµԷһкֻ֣ǳǰҳ飬岢԰ȫ
˵ͷҶ⣬ɻصֻǶԷҪʲôأŹִ߶ˣ޷óȥۣϣƽµ׷ɱֻκһеǻ۵ˣмȥ޴°ɣ
Ǻǣ˭֪أҲԷطԴ߶ء
֪ΪΣͷһȻ뵽˵ڣʥзҳ䣬
䣬ƺǿһǿٵ䣬ڱһ߹٣Ū׺١
ִµڱ⣬ѵҲǵõµؾ
ԺУ˼תϵһ
ֻԾЩף˭˸˴󵨣Ȼͬʱ󶥼ű⣬ѵǲڵı
ҡҡͷԺе˼˦ɢԾ޷еķ磬飬ǣ浽ģֻǼΪֲܣڵʵǲҪǣΪá
Ȼһ֮֡
£Щ벽ȥͷۣһҪԼ֣ҲǵԼ㹻ʵԱ֮
߰ɣȥǧħԤе֮£ֻûô򵥡ԷĿģܲǶ飬ȻǿΪ˷ضͼıȻӦò˼򵥲ǡ
ţ
Ҷٴһ㶣漴ɫɴ䣬˵ǧħǱߣʲ
߰ɣȻҲףǧħˣʲôоԤУұ»Сһֻ¾Ϳˡ
ɫҲǼأ˵
á
һҶûٷϻֱһƣʹٵĳɽȥ
ϣü
аصȻҶûʲôĹϵϾͬϾһʲôԤϵıʣֻ»ᲨϾ½
ΪҶҵӣһ½֮ˣԲԸġ

ºɽϡ
£ߵλĻɮǰȻһ£ͷħ¾ȼ٣ˡ
ţ
ɮǶĵ֣һվȻԵüΪߴ
øɾ۾ϵۣ·ղһĻΪޱ飬ŵ¹ڵصĺˣĿͷһɫıһӶŻڵʹеĵػʹǺ£
ħħ¡
ͷ̧һ£Ȼ֮Ϻ޵ǱʮȴԵùһ˿
ܺãԭǸС֣ζʲô˹
ɮ۾һǾȻ¶һ˿ĪЦ⣬ǶǸħϤȴɲʵ
ˡ⡭
һ٣ٴε˵ħħҲ٣ղžħȡ˶飬ػɮѾϵͬھ
ߣ
һɮɫȻеѿգȴ̾һ֮վݱˣʦܣôǺαأ
ҡҡͷڣϵİ֮ɫʧøɸɾȻС֣أҲҵƳԪ˰ɣʼ汾ƣ
ǡ
ԻһҲҶ໰ִСͳһҹããĶذŻɮΧʮһӡ
ʱмסǿߵĻԪȻ׷״ϡ
ȥλɮϵЩɫ񶤵ʱȴɮһЦˣЩѱܴ
䣬ȴȻ˫ſһ
ʱ͡
һ죬̶һööɫľ⡣
˲䣬ɮϻָѪɫԭƤͷѸٱǣתۼ䣬Ѿһǿ׳ýĹˡ
һ̧ʳָ֮һöĺһ֮£ʱһ׻ɫ·ϡ
ԭͷҲµĺڷ
ת֮䣬ʹһܣнľɮˣһλһһĪʱĸħߡ
һУеǱɫо䵽УǿʵУͺͲһ㡣
ѶذпֽۣУбȸСֶιȻףϹűҲŪ֡
˵ˣȨĺ񣬻ͷСһݻ񣬴Ͳعˣȫߣͻܲħأһ֡
ǡ
ΥȻ֪ͷħ֪ԼԸԼõĻȸʧ϶һ̣죬ʵǿߣﻹΥֻùԹԵĳǡ
ߡ
һ߹һЦվ԰ѵĻϲһХ֮ơ̶һΣȻֱӳ֮·ݶȥǧɸߵͬֱǧħķȥˡ
֣Ȼ̨֮Ϲʵ
ĿʣµЩܽɮһӶдһ˿Į߹ȥһɫذ׽ϵһһնϣһǣų߷ٶȥ
ЩõĲǻԪϾǿߵĻԪѼҲֻһߡ
ЩϲͨһƷذ㿰á
пЦħԤϣȸ϶ᱻħߣһ̵ˮֻϧɻȥ̵ҲҪϽȻҵУʵǡ
ħͷ˴˴󹦣ȥ֮󣬽Ҳٲ˵ģ˵ñܵõ޾ĵ壬أʵ


682 ƶɮʥ
ǧħ¡
ϵ˴ģʿ޵ķϣģλɮ
Ͼɽжξ룬ټǧħԶºɽԼʹٶٿ죬Ӧһȥɳһ
ʱ֮ڣһֱչأٳʹϾʿʢûȥԹ۵⼸λɮǧħľͽˡ
ϵ˵صģԺֱΪ֤ԺԺӦԺϲҩԺԺ
¹ԺʮϾʿޣ˵Ժδ
ڵģӦ˲Ŷԡ
ԺһԺĦԺʵֻһͳƣΪĦԺ˴ɮǾѡλΪߵķֱӵΣĦԺڷֱһˡ
ĿǰΪֹڷֱһɮΪģҲε޺˴ĦԺʵ޺ļΡ
߲˵޺ɴĦԺļΡ
ΪǴĦ˴ɮ֮ף֮·ֱһɮż޺
ֻƽʱĦԺûʲô£ֻϰ书ʱһԷƽʱִģ޺á
ݣǺܶʱ򶼴³ĳɮ֮׷ϣѷһ롣
Ϊ۵λϲɮ֮ףĳǵɮжΣлᡣ
һһԺλ֮ߣȻܱȡ
ƽʱɮ֣ȻûݣʵѾִĳãĳƹɹԶ֮ʱǰ¶ѡ
ڷĺͷϣλɮһ߸
ȸϵǧħµģʣԺӦϲ
Ȼʹԣϰիʷ𣬵ɮǧħ£ԭأƵǧħȻжΪأбħ֣ӿȻצţ˷ȥ
;һЩĵͼɮˣ˲䱻ʳɾѪһǿݹǡ
ħ֣੡Цţвӿɽµķ˴򲻶Ͽ
ӷ
ɮУԺӦǻƢһʱ˫ĿԲ˴󵨣һٻҷŽأųħк˼䣬ƣ
䣬ӦɮһȦһţһɫ⳯ǰɳתԽԽԽԽΪһֻ޴ޱȵĽɫƣƺƵĳǰһѹ
¡
˲䣬ڽǰħ˲䷢һҽУɢ
ɮҲǲҵ뷲˳ͳһͬʱ֣һʱ죬Уħ׷ײҽű
ʣµҲвҿ׷֨֨ţɢ
Զ¸ɮ˸
ĳɮλĦ˴ɮλͬʱϵʮϰγսӵսɮɮֳ߳ͭһ֣˲ǽһƬһħա
ۿɮһ֣¸ɮռϷ磬ģУϵ֮ʿ޵ĸɮڸ;Уźõ״ת䣬ħǳ¡
Ȼڴʱ
һɫ⻪ʮλɫܵˣǧħſڡȻղžǴƻǧħʹ˵
Ϊ׵һˣһ޵ӣһͷ޴İͷͺӥĿһɨͿڴһ֣ɱݲ
ǡ
ں˲ӦһȻű򵶻򽣣ǹذһ볯ɮ
Щ⹥ħӦɮսɮ˲׷нرһʱ֮䣬նʱһ䡣
ħͽҶ
ڴʱģϣеλɮǡڴʱϵĻһȱĳǣҲɵñŭ
˵ͬʱսţħƻ£˲Ϊ˱
ţ
ںУͺӥɫ΢΢һ䣬漴һЦԶе壬ϰˣʱˣѵҪҴţſұǺҵλ𣿡
ɮһ֮䣬ͼԶĺĻУЦ磬ôأӥ񹦿ǾǳСҵȲĦһ£ѧϰһΣڲˣ
ʲôɱ
䣬ʮͬʱ롣
һۣͼԵɭˣʵǿɮܵǷֱɮʮλڴˣЩͽɮֻ˲Ҫȫ
ЩҲʧأΪ±Ͼ¶֮һεӴ
˵ķֱɮѾӽʮλһѨ۷壬벽ʵи߰λǸøԺϰĶһһĶ֮£һٲ飬оһҪ¡
Ҳи֣Ǳ֮ǰͺӥˣԼ³ȺеѪӡ
ÿһ֣Ǻڹ죬ħϣſֲѪ֮
ͺӥ˵ס޺ģѪӵסĳɮ֮׷ϣѪ˵ס˰С
ȭƾɮΪȻһȡʤ·硣
֪Լʵɮд󺧡
Ȼٳ֪Լʵжǿ˵½ǿǵİ벽ǿ߾˫ʮ֮£һ¾ͳλ
Щ˵ǴðģΪ֮ǰȫϢΪʲôҪͻȻ¶֣
ɮԽԽпֻţɮΣգһʱ׷׼Ӵ˹ͼش˾֡
վ·ֱɮǿѲڣۿҪ·磬һɱ˶ãҪȫû
Ȼλȴȫ⣬ڸλֱɮսԽԽ£Ȼ෨ֱɮռϷ磬ˣȴ֧穣
ҺôʱλֱɮɱԼĶ֣ճʼսţΧˣ·硣
Ǻǡ
ڴʱһͳЦм䣬һɫ멵ˣƾճ֣һӾսȦм䣬˵Ĺû䵽ϣͻ˿ȥմߡ
סְɣ
һ˫ӣʮƿշɳսȦ롣
˲۵ңͬʱеһĪϮ顭ʮ죬һ˲ɢߣǡк˵һߣµӵһߡ
編ģУϵ¸ɮƲסһߡ
ȻȴΪ˵ʵǣһ𾪣ǺˣŵشȺնƣ¾ѧǴĦԺѧϰôܣ㵽˭
˭
λֱɮĺʣ˾һ£漴ȻһЦ֣¶һϤףͷ֮ϣн֣ȻҲһλɮˡ
ʮǰһݣƶɮʥλʦֶ
⡭
ģУϵɮ׻ȡ


683 
ʥʦ壬ôܣ
Ҳгɣƽ˵βҲΪġ
˿̣ȴһ¶ţʧǵı飬·ǰһĻ
Ϊϵ͵ĵӣǵŵŵŶԷֺ¶Ϥףһ˹ı顣
ʹǧˣʶ㣬һĻǳ׵߸ǵۣǲԼ۾
ǵʥʦ棿ôܣ
ʥʦ治ѾôͻȻֻˣ
ңЩʲôϵѵһģ
ɮվЩǰĺɮˣ۾м𾪣⣬ҲɻãȻִ֮һʹޣӡ
ϾովЩˣɱǲ֪ʦ֣ʦܣѣڣվЩǰģȴ־Ϊ־Ŀµֱɮһˡ
ܽܣһʱУһƬĬ˶ûٿ˵
ֻз紵ʬ֮ϲƮ죬һɴ̱ζͷƣֱŻȴֲܰ뿪ֻüǿš

ڴʱһͳȱ̾ϢȻڳ
Ȼ˲ŷ֪ʱһɮȻͳ˳Уվµǰ飬Ŷĺɮˣصʦ֣ȥαع
رʦ塣
ˣڷֱɮһ̶ϲɷ׷˿һߣóһ
Եʥһʱ֪ǺãʦųҲɷ׷ɳһɴ⡣
ţ
ɮʥǸͻȻĳɮĿ΢ݣ̶ȻһЦʦܣﲻֹǵļңҲҵʥļңôѵǴãҵʥܻһ𣿡
ɮҲ߷Сĵرҡҡͷһγص̾һʮ겻ʦֻһĽƢûļңڣӦѾˡ
ô
ɮʥӺȻĿǳɮ˼ǣʦܲӭʦһô
ɮĿڵЩ״ҵɮһӶƽ۾һĨʹŶĺɮˣǰӭôʦԲкԼʦź󱲵ֶλ£ӭ
ãܺã
ɮʥȻ쳤ЦЦʯƣ̶ͷɮӡ
ʮ겻ʥúõʦ¾ɣû뵽ʮ꣬оûʦֵλˡˣҲãһ˰ˣٶ֣ҲͲθˡ
䣬֮ϣһڵħϹֻǹģУֺһ˿˿ɫķ⡣
ڴʱɮȻĿ䣬ңԶ
Ȼޱ䣬ںϿյĽ鱻ȡʧڶ֮Уһʱ󿪣аħӿ
һΧԵɭޱȣۿҪɿֲ˼ѡ
ڴʱһɮϣ⣬ħԼΪӡԶסȴҲ꣬ؼһһɢ
ǺɮɢɮȻ˻еסʦ֡
һ볯Ǳ߷ɶݶȥ֧ԮȻȴɮʥסˡ
ʧĺɮһĨ΢ɲʹϧڣʹϧںܿʧ٣ųɮٺЦرʦ㻹ȥȵػǸͺ¿ô
㣬ǡ
ɮĿתصɮʥϣĿһ˿Ҳʧ
΢΢ţָŶĺɮˣص½飬ʦ뿴𣬽ǲҪٵǧµһ

ɮʥԥ֮ɫһ֮ţžһЦ˵Ȼû˻ӭңŻкáο
Ȼٺ١һЦת䣬ζص𼱣Ǹտʼأ
ţ
ɮǲԣţȻ뵽ʲôĿⶸȻ·ȥȻɫ䣺ǲҪųɡҲ֪ʲôˣҲóⲻʦʲô
¸¸¡ôʦܾôڴʦһ
ڳ˻ûзӦͼԶ·һЦ
ţһ˴֮ϣͬ۵糸һ㳯߷ٶ֮죬ȻڳĿֻܼ²ǷʤƷ
ʦ
һʱ֮䣬ڳµ޲ɫ䣬¶˼ֵı飬·뵽ʲô׵Ĺ׷׳ɮ
ɮߣ۾֮¶˿̹ǵİʹޣ૵ʦӲТҪΪŻˣ
䣬͵¶˼֮ɫȻһƽǴɢһ˿ɫ飬߿գΧһ˶ԲȦµĺɮʥշߣЩȫΧУȻ⻯š
󣡡
һȣɮ˲Ľ⣬ȻڽڽڰθߣϵĳһһʧȻգ֮Ϊһʵӣ۾УһƬ֮ɫĻиղһ࣬۵ӡ
µӣҲٲԥ˲ת̤գ֮䣬һ޴ķ󣬽кΧм䡣
ĴȻǺɮʥߣرɮ


684 ɮ
սһ
ͬʱܵӦ£ɽȻҫһŽ
ϸȥȴԴͷȻǵرɮ
һ⣬ȼԼԼΪģ˷ӿȥ
⣬ǵͷһ˿ɫ飬Ȼһһ˿飬γһĽɫڵ㣬Ӷȥ
Ȼ󣬾Ժʮ󣬸һڵ㣬˴˺ӦкϢȴǳ׷Խʹħ
һ̣رɮһˡ
µӵɽɽһ𣬽뵽֮УΪһݣΪԴԴյ֮Ȫ
Ѿ뷨ֻһ֮ңĵرɮһϷĹ⣬ʹ˵۾
վģ磬ȻѾֻһˡ
ϵƣѾ˴󲿷ͨܵļޣֻ²ȸղǸͻȻ֮ðмվ棬Ʋǿһĺɮʥߣɿɫһ䡣
漴ʥЦˣ󣬲ֻʹ
䣬ϾȻҲ漴ȼһͬǿҵķ⣬Ȼ󣬾ȻһȻ룬õرɮϵƲһ
ɮʥϵϢȴڷǿ

ԶҶѾϵǧħ⣬µһȺ˶ţиϢԨµĶڡ
˾֪ƾԼʵȥﲻæֻҡ
һ䣬ֻĿȴĳǱȥ㿴
Ȼ˵տʼ֮УźɮʥͻȻ֣ȴ˲һɮرĵȴóоƽȡ
ʱͻȻ֣ƽ⡣
ЩµӶߵĳƺ˸ǲ˾κˣ׵ôҲԼĶ䡣
ƣ˵߷еĵɮѾ𣬶ʮǰΪһħͷͬھӢţôͻȻ֣Ϊ˶Էʲôħ
૵صʲôǲ֪ıˡ
Ȼµӣ֮ǰ˶µһڱϾһЩ˽⣬ڴ߷Ȼٴš
ν߷𣬱ʦյߴӣʦʧٲ֮󣬳Ϊ˽µ
ΪػۣҶƣص£ʥر
УػǻҲһε´ס֡
ȴڸոգػɮΪӡڶӡԶʧ䡣
࣬ҶɮΪػ֮ǰһ´ס֣ȴǰսУֳڱҳ飬˴Χ죬׳塣
ĵɮӢţ˵Ϊһħͷͬھߴֱɮ֮ˣʱ޵ɻһƬϧ֮Ϊ׳ٶлѡ
ɮ˶ɮ֮һִĳá
صɮʮǰΪֹʦܵʥڣһսΪʧΪˣؾճд𾭣¡
ʥɮʮǰ֪ιʣͻȻţ֪١
رɮߴɮСһ֪ΪΣȴ˥ϵ죬˥࣬һ࣬ԱʦرΪȴҲУɲȵһ
ڣʮ֮õĵʥɮͻȻ֣һ־ǴһȺΧԼţǧħ
˵ĵɮȴΪһλӺݻߣٶȴȺ˵ʲôħ˵һص۾ôҲ޷Լ۾
еЩɸ˵ܣ˵Ĺȥ²͸ֻܾ̬ķչ

ǧħ¡
رʥĿȨǵرɮɽãϢӺϣڶӵ֧֣
ȻڴʱߵƺٺһЦҲ˽˲ԶһٴռϷ硣
µرڶµӵ֧ԮɽвС
ʱĴӵķ뵽УرɮϵĹâٴһǣɮ࿹⡣
ͬʱһֻӷӣԶԶڰգͲȻһķ֮Щĺˣ׷׻ΪѪˮڷ
ŷӡ
õرõ
֮£ɮʥߵƣķӣ޲˲۾һ䣬Ȼ֪ӵĿ¡
漴˶һۣ˲˶ۣɵʥԵرȴٰʥǳ𣬳Űеͭӷӭȥ֡
ȻڴʱһŭӵĳХȻһ·ǳ羭죬Ծգ۾ͿԽ룬Ͽա
һѹУ漴¶һĺɮӰϿգһ𲻶תͭСӣɢɫϹ⻪ҫҲʥһƬ
գŵʥ͵Цʦʦܣþòɽ̵
ţͺ¿
һʱ֮䣬͵رԿȨĺɮʥˣͫ͵һһţ̶սڶ𣬾ȻƾԼǿס˵رԼڶµӴѹ
һʱٴսС
ߵƣȴɵжȻһţȻһ˿ȴ֮⡣
߷У˵ػΪ˲ȨףΪߣˡ
Ҷǿһʦ֮磬ŷΪʦյһδס֡
صɮǸϺˣǾ֪ܻ֮ͬ꣬һֱأֹʥڣʥȥһΪɳųҲ顣
ɮеĵʥź磬ɮеʱ֮ˣһš
ͬʱ䣬ʱĹٶ죬ΪҲǿΪУʧʦ֮⣬ΪΪ֮ˡ
ɮֹһ
رĻһŴȱ֮ģʹճ࣬ᣬȴ˥죬Ϊƺ쳾ɣ飬ɮУʺеһλ
ȴߴɮУɮ˵һλ
Ϊ̫κγ֮Լǰ֣һλӽʳ֮ʱһ׷ڵϣҪȥһʱη֮绢űǲƹĳãһ̷ɡ
˵УţڵµĲǼס֣ʦδʧ֮ǰµҲʦλĳ
ļʦʦܣΪסݵĵҶػۣܹ˵̡
ʥΪµ֮ʱȻҲΡ
ʥкãһ֮츳ˣǶãҲĴ
ƣȴΪһ£ηʹΪδ֮£ʮγɵоȴ޷Ĩ
һʱ֮䣬ٴ˼žԵЩ졣


685 Ѫħ
ڣǵȿеĿ־塣
һ뵽ԼʵλôԼǰʧӣһͦˣǿЦðóˡ
һ٣ҧгݵصʮǰ㽫ҴϷ񶤣ϻԪ˶ʮꡣʮ갡һܹжٸʮꡣڳˣһʤ˽˳𣡡
ԶɮĻҶЩͷˡ
ʲôɮǱɮµģôܣ
˵ͬһţʹֵܣҲܻΪܳɡǰһĻô¡
ȻɮĻȴǵɻһͬʱ԰еߣҲЩʹ
ߡ
ɮһĿ絶ϹιƣΪµӣΪͻΪȻ͵ؾзӡһѪħ͵͵еġѪ󷨡Ҳ磬ȴ˼ڸģ䱾
˵ȻϵƣҲһﵽһֲĵزϸ¶һɲͬѰ˵ϡ
磬ԡѪħߡݣħţҴ°ӷͯѪ湦ɣȴС¶ߣµӲ㾹ɱڣҵĶ䡣
ʮǰаɽһսҽһаӡ뵱ɱЧȡʦ飬ҹ˼֮ͬ꣬һѪħһս˫˫ͬھȫ
֮Ҳֻ˷񶤣ϻԪ£ûΪĹʵָȻû뵽
˵ǰ죬еͭɫСӸӼתءķ۾Ȼһգǹħ࣬ų壬кʿõرʦ𣬴˳˺ޣ졣
ʥƣƶɮΪĴ󣬳ծɱοеӢ꣬Լػʦֵ֮顣
˵꣬һ˲뵽򻯽֮У߶ӣҲΪһݣӵĸĵ߳ȥ

״۵һЦȥеĿ־壬һȥһ߻ӭУͬʱ㻹ΪǶʮǰ𣿶ʮǰаɽǵرΪ󣬼ϱѪ湦ǡɳ˵⣬ҲΪܣܴ˶ʮܴ裡
Ҫл㣬㣬÷ӡ¶ʮڣ£ҵѪ湦Ҳľ磬ﵽһѪĵز
㻹Ϊɱ֮ΪѾԶԶ㣬˵ħѪħ𣬱Ѫħĵһˣɣһս׽ԩ𡣡
䣬ȻһһҹɵСͳУһ˻һѪɫ磬ͳɮĽӹȥ
бȸ
棬ɮ۾͵ضһ£ЩǱɫСĳ֣ܿɫͱſһ
ˣ
ϣȻǴ󣬹⻪ţڿеתˮӾģһһ𣬻ΪֲĹߵƹȥ

ԶֽС
ҶؿһĻ֣Св˵ӷҪհ۾ܴ߶ôɮȴҪֻһӾԶ
ӰΣͷܶڴӣˡڵɮΪ˵һѾ㹻ˡҡ
һ٣ҶɣСִ֮һǷϵͨһ֮У̺֮ǰػɮΪӡҲǼӳִ䣬⣬ɷӡƾʵʵһġ
ţִ䣿
ҶԼԼƺ˵ֲ̫
͵Ϊ°˴󶥼֮һеصΪ䡷˵˰ɣ
Ҷɵͷ䡯ƷϽ׹֮һһһĸѧȻִֻ֪䣬ָʲôϵ
䡷ʵһͳƣͺ͡쾭ɡһƪһµġ䡷Ҳһزء
ֱǶС󲿷ݵֱɮлϰԼֻסֲҲ֮ǰǸħǰŷԴ߾ѧ
ǳ֮⣬ֻм˽⣬䡷Уһزأִ䡣
ִ䣬˵ѧ硣Ȼֻܹȴһǻȱںḻޱȣϣ̲еĴǻۡȱһгӵԹ
˵һ䡮˷ŵķǻ⡣ڶ䡮Ħᱦ飬ȡ֮֮ߡԸ޲㡣
䡮䡯徻ʥȥһзϡ
һ䡮ˡԸ֮ʾֻѭ򽥽СնɾһУﵽľ硣
ִ֮УȻͨȴ˷ڵİǧŷž壬˵ֻҪһ飬͵˷ʮֽ̡е侫ĵزֱӾܽɷԿϵط
ԭˣ
ŴԣҶ׹ҲһЩ̾ͬʱĿ࿴
ȻӵܣҶұϾֻһСطļ壬ڽȻƵӴ󣬵ϾŴ½ȴֲʲôˡ
Ͼ°˴֮һһЩܼϣ϶ʤһ˲࣬˴֮Ҫײ춦ͼһ֮ġ
漴Ǹпû뵽ɮȻѪħħ˵ϹħŴ£Ϊħűʱĸħ䲻û뵽շתȻ뵽У˴У

ҲͷĿ˸ԶսһߵɮȻСѪħߡ֮°ӷͯϰħʵ񼫡ҵʱΪеɮȻΪһħͷͬھ¶Ϊû뵽л顣ҵϣɮ֣ܵһٽɱȥΪ£Ϊسһ
ţҲϣɮʤ
Ҷ˵˵ţҲǽضǱߵսȻУҲޱȽŵǣϣɮܻʤҲϣһսҪ´̫˺
ϾΪ°˴֮һһ£ǣϵģɲֹһţ½ľơ
οҹͻȻֵЩˣһʵǿأеһɽ¥еĲиˡ
û˵һ붢սȴ˲䣬ֱ䡣
һߣۼ֣һֱֲµĵʥرҲ̲סͬʱˡ


686 ﻯ
ʥȡıһԱףɫһɢǿĻ֮
ʥ״˫֮˲һ䣬ð£һУǣĵرɮ
رɮʹȴͷϵһ˿ɫ顣
ҲǷƷСԴ顱ȡģƶɡ
һ˿Դ飬Ҫһ˿񣬼ʹ¼ҴҵһԴ顱Ҳ˽İʱ⣬γɣر
ֻ˫趯ͷϵԴһſųҫ۵Ĺ⻪⻪γһɫȦӣ䵽ɮʥͷϣβһתʱܵ谭ʵӲƽİ˳ɡ
һȫʢ״̬µĵرȨʹʵѷʥ˿ҲϷ硣
ƣ
رɮģеƾеĵһƷ
Ʒ磬ֱͨǱ仯ģǧĪ⡣
ڵرɮʹ£ƷһֻΪ򣬷豹ĸоÿһĳʮѰһ˵ϣȴ˲о
Ǻɮʥȼĸ֣ɻһڣһԵĸо
ɮʥϾ˵ʦ֮µһ֣δɾͷʵԳ鵤൱һķˣֻûһ
¼䣬ܵסİ벽ָ֣±ǵرɮ಻⡣
Ⱥնƣ
ʩչģ֮ϵĴȺնơ
ԭǴĦԺĲ֮أĦԺҲסһѡ
ƷĪ˵һסֵĶع
ֻû뵽Ϊʥ츳̫ɫʦȻƷҲ
ȻιĦԺһʱ䣬ʩչȺնȴ˿ֱ̻˸оĪ⣬ޱȡ
ÿһƣӵпٵأɻĵ
ȭʥʤΪߣƷǿرɮʤ±ؽ磬һһ˿Դ飬Ҳ˵ʥɮϴ˫μƷףһʱϷ硣
һߣĳҲߵƴòɿ
ɮִƹŷӣ֮һȻӲϽӵķ⣬Ǵ߶ʹָӵ޶ȡ
ÿһƣӱ㷢һˡȻ𣬷
߶ѪħߵƣȴɻһܵĪɢ֮Σ
ϾַרΪаħ裬ûѪħҲӶĿƻԣʱȴӰˡ
ҲƲ硣
һаȻ䡷ֻϰڶѪħȴȷһһа֮аϣһʵ˵Զڵ֮ϣҲʤ١
֮еıбȸһʵӳʮɣʹɮйŷ֣Ҳ·硣
ַʥ弶
һ½ļޣμƷϡ쳣
¼ʹɮʥĶ֣˿ʹõҲֻһμƷġסƷ֮ϣνİ뱦
뱦ǼޣΪЩǴϹŴΪԵʣһս𣬻ʱţֱӱΪ֮ʱʧܣƷ׵䡣
ЩȻûȫܣҲͨ뱦ɱȡ
Щս䣬ȴӵбһܵģСб
ʱţʧԣû˱֮ȴǱԭģСű
ǰձĹ񷽷죬ȴΪԭûгɹֻӵһݱܣ߸ֻвϴﵽΣѾµƷֻдμƷģС鱦
ЩУ鱦ֵͣЩһЩļƷ
Աű֮ΪԵ㹻¸עԣ߻Եɺֱӻѱԣ˱δû»ָܵһ졣
ֻ̫̣ʷҲûмܴﵽҪֻԵǿֱڵڶ
ϣõϲӵеģȴǱб
ΪֱȻΪĳԭ䣬ȴӵһݵıԶԶһеļƷ벽
˵û֮⣬ôͨ
ԣܵõһıһ˵ʵǡ
˿бȸǰһıֻǺһս٣û仯һֻ൱ڷȸ
ɲģǻԪһնϣȻļֵ
սһߵĵرռϷ磬һȴǺ˵ߵռϷ磬սһʱ뽺š
Ȼʥϣȴ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʥ·磬һҲż¶һĪ⣬ڵȴʲô
Ϸ磬ȴҲŴܵԻȸԡѪԪơϽýһɢ٣Ҳڵȴʲô
ر߶һ˿Դ飬ȻռϷ磬ʥϾΪԶǿȻڽںˣһʱҲκβ
߶ӣָԽħƷնơһʱҲֻǿ֧Ųܣȴ޷֧ԮرۿⳡսҪ־սķ롣
ڴʱ
¸£µͺ¿ǣƺ˻ҡݹħĴˣǲң
һɤȻ𣬻䣬ԶһֲӰն·һѪ硣Ѫɫϣð׹ǵͼ
˫֮£һ˫ᣬо࣬ħ
ݹħԶ죬ʮǰʧİ׹ɽħ
һĻǧħʥƴѷʤĵرɮʱһ㵣̶ɫޱѿ
ɫһӾͱޱȳޣͷϵѪӰħͷղ֮ȡ֮飬סģ
Ǳôʹɣ֣վʹɨƽ£µһڴӴ˳Σ
սϿգݹħһգͣվڵɮϿգһмؿ
ոշùšѪǵɫһЩĲ԰ףһаɫһݹ죬˿ˡ
ãܺã
ɮȻʹһȻһ˫ۣȻһɲ졣
һ̣һţͷĽӾȻСȻ͡һΪһ⣬Ͷ뵽֮У˲븹
ﻯ
һ̣֮ΪеĵʥƣݹħԶ죬һĵرģϣеȸɮһĻ޲ɫһ䡣
ʥƣݹħǸеǣһ˿η塣
رģϣеȸɮȴ޲һʹ·ԸţҲš
ʦ֡
رɮһҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫҪͬһʱ򣬺ȻԶģһ߸ߴ¥֮Уһ΢̾Ϣ
ʦ֣ʹ٣ֺαظˣ
ŻһƺƷ⣬¥֮Ȼ˲Ϊһ⣬սģֳһλݿҳɮ


687 ؾɮ
λɮüĿûκƿԣһ£Ǽʮûϴһ㣬ѳ¾ɵÿԭɫ
սϿգƱǵĵɮȴûϲ¶һ˿˵ıʹ
һʹһʱﵽڵսɴӽһΪҲҪˮɶˡǺαأǺο࡭
صʦ֣
ˣ»ǺһϾ¶˲˼ɫ
ʥУ޷ţһ˿š
رԼرڶ෨ֱɮֱСӣȴ޲һ¶ϲĪɫ
ΪϳʮǰΪʥڣűʥȥһΪؾĵصɮ
ȻʱٳȻϿտյûκΪֻһ֣ףΪֻ²ûбȥо
ڷ˾ĵɮ˳֣ҲĪһȻЦˡ
ʦܣΪָˣ
š
ɮ˵ͷ̾Ϣһڲؾʮ겻գһתһĵãΪҲֲ֧˶á
תϾȫֻϰ벿˾ָܻΪɹҲֻһս֮ˡ
ɮ˵ͷ΢Ц㹻ˣһսʦֵٴβЯ֣°ɡ
á
صɮ˵һݣ˱䵽ߣĿƽضŶġݹħԶʩɣƶɮΪĶ֡
ת֮䣬ֳĽ֡
ԶѪˣؾɮٴμ룬ҶɵҲǿĿϾӡ
Ѫ˵ĳ֣˲⣬ֻǴΪѷϵĵصɮȻٴλָΪȻ˲μӴսЩȡ
ǾľѾ㹻ˣҲһ
Ѿĵɮ֣һ˶еʲôħص»ָһΪʲô
ݹħɫ΢΢һ䡣
Լ֪Լ£ղΪȡ飬ǿзöѪǵɵĺ֢ѾأʱһΪʮһ
֮ͻȻ֣Ϊֲ£һ¶Էûսʱֻǿš
صɮͻȻ֣Ը
ɽֲ£Լߣ϶ܣһãʵԼʮУͻᱻصɮɱ
´ס򼺶ɲüĿĵصɮ˷Ź˿ֻֻʣ³ޡ
οԱ߻һ̷߹֮һӡﻯķҲӵԼԼΪУƶѵ˼˲һ
޵һ׼ɢޣԵɺϵõһ׹澭زɳƼףм䲻֪˶ٴɱ
ڳΪһڣδɲô׵
۾һת˲Ѿ⣬Ȼһ̧֣жʱɳһУŲԶĺɮʥȥ
ʥ֣ｻˣ֮ҲֻʹԸ˿̲ոջĵӦ߰˳ɰհɣ
ţ
ɻ󲻽⣬ȴʥ˫ĿһȻһ̧֣žĴһƹ⡣
˲Զֽ⣬зɳҳý飬ģ˲ӳյһƬơ
飡
һ̣Ⱥһɧ˭ҲûϵݹħȻոպò׵ֵĶ齻˵ʥһ룬ȴҲ׹
ǷǷ߲
ȻҲµӣѾѪħһΪѲڿݹħûһ湦ӰӣȻˣȻȡʱҲ쵽˴ķɡ
ֻеʥɮһΪ׿ȻҲһħŵֻڼȴԡ䡷Ϊ߶飬Ǻʲ
һپٴת
һΣȴҪʥԸƶԸرݹħԵصɮԲֹۡ
˼죬ص£رɮֳֶĺɮʥ۾¶˿̹ǵʹޣǷһҪ˱ԭ·ء
֣
ɮһ֣һ̧֣оͷһòӹ⻪ͬ£ֻһգʹúɮʥһԣŵŵüͷ΢΢һ塣
û뵽ﻯʵôǿǲʡ¡
ɮʥһ˿⡣
Ȼаҳ֣֪˿̿ݹħ״̬ǵصµĶ֡
ֻҪսܣصټж֣ԼԻĵֵΪĵص֣ҲǱذɡ
Ǵܿˣû뵽ص¾Ȼָʵ
˿ʱĿݹħֻҲӣѶӸԼԵĿԼѾ·˰ɣ
νﻯʹĳһԼΪϵԹű븹Уݵγɼٵ̬ȫϣ˲䷢ӳ൱ڷǿߵʵ
ʵȶάʱʵͻ뼱˥ڣҴҲ޷۷ڶ˽֮;
ͬʱǼ븹еԹűҲӴ˻ȥԾʧΪһˡ
˾ٴ۲ν󣬲ҲȲѡ
Ȼ֮ǰ֪صɮȻָΪʵȻƾ˵ʵҪҲܱס£ֻǴʱȻˡ
֣رص¶һۣҲͬʱ˹


688 ٽ
Ѿ˴ۣ˲ܲʹȻˣǾŬ¶Էˣ֮
򣬵ʱ˸ȫ׷ˡ
ȭ
رˡ䡷еһ׾ѧƣֻǶ帺ֻ֮ǰԸʹá
ǧָ
صɮҲʹһоѧһָָ֮ƺһССֱ̫ӴĿݹħҪȼɻҽ
Ѿȫ֣ɮʥ١ȻһȻһ֣еİҳ׷գһӡϡ
黤壡
䣬黯Ϊһӣ令С
ɮǿ󹥻䵽֮ϣֻýһɢȴûнӻƣȻⴿֻһ룬ҲһﻯĴ׺ġ
ɮʥҲܣɮһȻֵǾ޴ķ֮ȴ֮³һںѪһ󷭹
Ŀһ̧Զƣݹħ·磬ʥ۾һת˲Ѿ˼ƽϡ
ٹУȻݹħһͬ飺һʥƣǺúͬŽͲ㣬Ȼʥɽˡ
䣬һȳѾȻߣٶ֮죬Ȼȫʢʱʵ֮¡
׹Ƕݷ
ߡ
һߣʥȻڹ۲Ķ򣬼ݹħѾߣºԥһתΪһСۣѾС
ʦҲˣ֮㣬ʱǻһɽģǾ͵Ⱥðɡ
䣬ͬ׵缤ٶ֮죬Ȼʤ߶˰׹ǶݷĿݹħȻ֮
ת֮䣬ʥѾŽۣӳϰ֮ң԰ѵһ

Ļȫû뵽˻ͻȻѣһֱȥ鼤һرص˸һǹʱûѪʱɢ
ۡһһںѪֱӴе
ܷ뿪
ݹħʥѷ׷ߣص¸ʩУһ˵ƹ
رɮҲ߶Ʒ
ΣͷһھѪǰıбȸ֮ϣȻ
ȸâţ˲䱩һƴСסɮһŰһСһߡ
ȴȡٴΡۡһһѪԶԶ׷ɿȥ
ۿرصٴι֪ٲ߾߲ˡ
ٱץסֻ¾Ͳʮ꣬ʮֱ꣬ɱ˼ˡ
ٹ˲æ߶ѪħеһѪݷ˻һѪԶԶس֮ȥ
ڱбȸոյֲ죬ȻۣΪҲ˲ôˣֻʹԺһء
뿪֮󣬵׷֮Ҳ֪ȸ֣һȫ߶طΪԶڶԷ׼нҲͣ
Щˣ֪ʱѾߡ
ΪսҲûз֣㷢Ҳ޷ֹ
֪Է֮⣬Ŵ뿪ʥȾסԼˣѾ뿪ҲһΡ
ʱҲ˲Щˡ
սңһƬưܣزм
ȻսĻ°ȻرصɮУǲ¶һ˿ˡ
һս֮ϣԭ߸ºɽһ־ǧħʱѾȫħͷɢҪʱ׷ػɱΪ˼䡣
֮ϣ֫бۣʬ£Ѫ֮ζ˱ǡ
Щʬ壬к˵ģҲɮлмֱɮɮвɸأ̶еʹ
ǷֱɮǿֱӣµĲƸδĶ
ʱôܽܡ
ҾһսҲ޷ͻܱܲסڵΪ˵ʵ
߷֮һӡԾʧԺһƷҲڼһ
ټϵصɮȻָΪղһսѾŬ
ǶԷߵÿ죬صɮָֻֻ¾һսҲʧս
£Ŀǰܰڵ̨սȻʣµرһˡ
뵱ʦڵʱߴֱɮͬڣʱǺεھȻ䵽ưܳ˻
Ƕףʥƣݹħߣ϶ֻһʱ˵ʲôʱͻ
ʱʵ£ʲôȥǵĵڶν
ɮһ˼£ɵ˲гأؿڳѹһʯ
ɮϾҲǳˣ֪ʱ˻ѾãкʿǺܿ
ɮܿһϵз
һǲеɽ׷ɱǧħɢȥħҪħȫɱ׷أŹһֻΣϵͨ񣬸ݵ֮ĵؽ硣
ϽϾʿ޵н꣬ԱڣȻʱ֮ڣرɽţڴ˵ԭеĻؽǧħ½ƣǿϣٲκͨӿ
ҲҪһرص˾ڽļУһ߼ˣһһѡֱӣȥ̵
Щֱӣڽʱ䣬һ;һһز󷨡󡱣Ҫһεʥ˵֮ǰϤӵпɿһսս
󣬼Ƿ¸ӣһת帺߱ԴӰǽֹϰġ
һΪ󣬵̫ʱ䣬к𷨡
ҲΪֱ׶ˣдĵӣܵõյģ·ΪȻ֪ʮֲʱ򣬶Ƿġ
ʱΪ˶Կʥ˿ܴһ٣Ҳֻöˡ
󣬾ǵرصҲףֱǿҲֻǸֶΣؽҪˡ˾ͬһ󷨣С޼󡱡
֮һǼѣҲʮ־޴󣬵а벽ӣܰڳܶԸһķǿߡ
ʱɵرصλƵֱɮ֮󣬿
ʥƣݹ˲пɣһԴҲǳ
⻹һ飬Ǿ´סֵػٶȺ̬֮
Ծɮʧȥ׻ĵ̳´ס֮λ
ΨһгΪĵرһȫ֮ȡͻ֮
㲻ܣΪҲҪߵһ޵ĲΣһٵ֮ʱлԳаҳ鱦ĵʥܡ
˲лᣬ޼󣬿аһĵƣΪĿݹħԼõ飬ʵĵʥ𲻾
ص£Ҫǰתȡڴ֮ǰȫָΪ
֮ʥٴξر˳⣬Ҳڳʧȥֱɮ쵼һѡǺõġ
·֮˲䶯Ա˶ǲ˳ȥһսǲʬ壬ǼǱݣи
ҲΪȥ׷ɱɢǧħħȡʱڽ׷ػɱŻ˼䡣
Ҳһ㣬ǸϽϵϾʿлǰʮĵӣǳָƽؾȡȻͳ£رɽţжʱڵϢ¡
սҶɶش߳ǰưܳҲǲĬȻĬĬ뿪
һ֮ʤѩˮͫϾʿ޻ýĵӣ׷߽ؾ¹涨ʱڣһԼѡĹȻ뿪
Ϊݱ¶ȥûп
ǲƷȻҲû죬
Ȼ˸죬ŵȴģ°ŵĽֱµĽ޺дˡ
ʤѩˮͫȷ׷°ŵС뿪֮һսĵӣһưܵĻɫСסֵУĽϡ
˵ϳ۵еǱбȸӵд˵Ѳӹԡ
Ӽ״ҴţĬĬ˳ȥ˳ִϷš
һƬĬΨдķҶƮ䣬ʾŹȥĽ


ʮż йŴ


689 
µǳѾȥա
¶ݷɽμϾʿ޵ĵ½뿪ǰΧ۵ԱҲ׷׷ԼŻ
йϾʿ޵һЩϸڣԼһзǳұ䣬Ҳͽ
ʤѩСǶɣʿǧ۹ӡȣӡˮͫһ˪ۡǧУʿʥ컨ŮʦūЦȵȣȵȡ
ϾʿϴŹʵʿȫ˼ס
Щ֣һʱΪȴʣ䶯ϱ
ǰļλʤѩǶɵ˵֣붫ģĮȵأһƬ̾
ִʱҲ˲ʶĵӵһ󾪺
Ȼ֪ʵˣҲû뵽ϢȻȥϾμⳡʿޣһȡôߵΡ
һʱ֮䣬֮УΪ֪ŵӣԴΪżҲû˻˵ӻĻˡ
ͬʱ
²ұϢҲЩ;Ͼʿʤߵ֣һ𴫱ϱ˵ۡ
ֵĺɮʥߵƣݹħˣǿʵΪ𾪺һƬϾźҵĵǡ
Ƿ׷׼ԿϾⲻ֪ʱֵһ
֮顱ʧ䣬ǧħ٣ٿסֵػϢǴ÷зߴһʱҲΪעǲʹ߽һ̽ȴɽ⡣
һʱ޵ٶӿһӿ粨
ս֮ƽһ޵磬ٶ粨֮Уһ伴٣꽫
ϧǣºȥѰҺɮʥߵƣԼݹħټȴǷ·˼һ㣬Ҳûг֣֪ȥ˺δ
ʹߴŵһʱҲҳ
ʱȥҲֻΪһ̸ѹڸĿڵһʯʱҲ԰Ὺ

ϣϽˮʥء컨ĸһçϵɽΪˮɽ
ˮɽļɽ֮һب糤ԣ߰ǧﳤҲнǧһնɽ
ɽϽĸĵش뿪γһȻķֽ㣬ԣֱ˳֮Ϊ˼ȥ·춨ܹ֮޸ġ
ɽгżи޵֮˾з˸޷Խ
Ϊг˾иָ߽޳û֮⣬Щطվ쳣Գʣ񲻶ɣΪ֮ˣȻ˵
ȻһգƧɽ֮£ȴԶԶһһŮˡ
УһϮ£һѹľòݣü䣬ϢԨȴһֳζ
ŮѩɴԼò
һͷ˿٣ֱ£һˮֻ۾Ҳ֪һλǵĴˡ
Ǵɽ뿪Լˮͫ
ԴϾʿ޽Ժһ䣬ڻʤ߽ؾ꽱֮Ҷɵһ˴뿪
´֮ӦԼˮͫһ˵ǴصأԼҶɣһʱȴЩѡ
ҶһǰȥȴӵգΣ
ټϼʹͬ⣬ΪˮͫĿ꣬ڣҲԾӱ˽һʱ
ȻҶɱϾѩı飬˲׹һЦһǡ
ɽһξ䣬Լǰ뷨Щˡ
ˣȻҪԼ׷֮Уеʱ㲻ȥ鷳鷳ƫƫ㡣
һ֮٣°˴֮һҲ񲻵ΣοһССҵӡ
ԣᶨȡ춦ǰŻһ뷨һΪʹҶҵõһŵıӻ
ҲΪҪһ׷ЩŵĽŲ̫Զ

Ҫ֮ĬƬ̣ղòϣ˵ǶԵġ
ڤԨħ桱ķӡƿ޹ʧԴ󲿷ݣٵܾ֡ݹʥ֡ڣʥȵ¼ʼ͸о޵һǱص侪ˣƺڽʲôֲı
ʱ䣬ǽ¼ҳغˣʯϿ޵Ľѥظ֣ţһұ䣬ף޵磬Ȼ̫ƽ
ƽʱûֻΪԼλβѡ
ڣΪǣʵоǹɷ籩Ӽǧ򱶣ԷôãһҪ
ʱ򣬱˵޵ͨˣֻ±ǰ˴󶥼ţ⣬ȫҪڷ籩֮С
Ŷ˵ܱرοҶһطҵӡԣŴʱ籩û֮ǰһʵ׼һЩܣûлġ
ˣûȰҶɡ
ԥƬ̣ڿڵãȥһ·Сġ⣬ĳһλѣȥлɴá
š
Ҷ˲ףʺǼٵģȥ᲻ϰߣ׹ɸλᱻżǸԼǰһѣв΢ж
Ǵʵ˭лŮ
ԣûʲôһ˵ȴʲôɸµģ΢һλŮӣɴȥǼȻʶˡ
ţ
Ҷɻ˵ȴѾڵˣҪˣһ·ءºǼ
º󣬾徳ʿٿʱ򣬵ַǱ𴦣ǡ
˭ô˵أպô徳룬·㣬ǣµһء
Ȼ˴徳ޣȻμӵ࣬һֻʮ徳ܹҲʮˡȴκһʿ޸Ӻ䶯ӼģʱԹ۵˿϶Ҳࡣ
ԣʱˮͫȻϾʿǰʮĵӣ϶ǻȥμӵģõǷȱöǮʳдء
˭֪ĻҶ룬ȴҡҡͷ
ˣ˴֮䣬ʵȱʧȻûбʿޣȥҲûʲô壬ƽһˣƽ˷Ѽʱ䡣
ţ
ɻؿû뵽Ȼ˵ȥ
ȴҶɫ֣صصҴɹΪųϺ󣬾ɽһ֮ؽбչأһʱأ벽ء
š
ʵЩԾû뵽Ҷһһϲ֮ˣȻͻȻ˵Ҫֱӱչأһͻ벽磬Ȼء
ʵԾСҶɣһʱֹ
ϵı飬ҶɺȻȻһЦһ۵ģʱҲܾãҾ벽ҲûжôңԶľ룬ټΪʥأ渨ĵҩǡ
ҳɹչأ꣬һ꣬ضɹʱһϣٴμʱѾɹͻء
Ǻǡ
Ȼ֪Ҷ˵Цᶨ֪Ѿ¶˾ģҲͲȰ
գһͷãڴټɾͰ벽Ҿɲ˷Ҳ㡣
ãһΪأ
أ
˻ΪģȻһۣ໥뿪
ˮͫУȥˮͫеǴؾҶɣȴֱӴԽŵķȥ
һɽˮԶֻҪĲɢٻ֮ڡ


690 
һ·ʮա
һգһֱ˵˼ʲôˮͫգգ۾ЦôԼλŮߣ᲻ˣ
һŴӳ˼оѣζһЦֵ̯̯ûе£¡
ʲô£
ˮͫٴʵЩɰʵ׵˼
ֵؿˮͫһۡ
ˮͫҲһľӣĳЩͳʶҶɺ񣬹°壬ദֻ⼸ղͬȴʵȻ
ҶɣȵӣһȷֵཻԶƽαװʧ
ʮ
Ȼ֣ǻش
ԭˡ
ˮͫ˵ͷû˵
ʮϾʿȡǰĽһƷо
µĲؾУ˵ƷоеƷȭоƷоƷṦоһСĵƷо
һ֮߰ࡣ
⼸ֵƷо֮УȻǾĵƷоһںϽϰУͼпɱףΪƷҵĴڣֱһ졣
ջûܾܾġ
ϧıǵƷҲǲоǻʵĵƷ½׹֮ϵľ䡣Ʒо㲻ˡ
ֵпޣΪˮݣͻһк
գԥ֮£뵽ԼѾӽƷٿǣĿǰǷȱҪǹͷ档
ԿֲҪǹ棬ԽԽ÷ƿɳˣѡȡⱾʮо
ײоеĽ⣬ȻͼžЩơ
ȡ̣ӡ֤ҲԼͲͼžľԼĽƷĲΣֲԼĶ̰塣
ԶƷоҲʮġ
йںľ飬ˮһ·Ѿôʮ롰ͼžĽڻͨ߰˰ˣֻǷʵˡ
Ŀǰʱںվֻǿ̸ҪɣҪʵսС
ͱӰҲںϹвӰӰںи·ʮ죬ŽɳΡ
ںϲܿ·Կʵսɱˮͫ̽ǴؾõĻ֮һ
ˣ
ۿѾˮɽ֮£ԥڳʵѾžڵؾҲԶ˰ɣ
ˮͫ
ڿԸңҪȥĵʲôطʲôΣգҪʲô˰ɣҲи׼õʱΣգæң¡
Ȼ㲻ʣҲġ
ˮͫ΢΢һЦ֪˴˵ػ̲סʣԸûԥֱӽҪȥĵط˵˳ҽԼ֪һκг
ԭҪȥģˮɽһŹִַܷ֮˵Ҳ֮䡣
ǰսڼ䣬·ˮɽ䷢һͷϡıܣǽȻԶ
һս֮û뵽ͷܻеͣȻƤܵ÷ɿ죬˲֮£һʯˮͫ
ǴʯصüΪأǴλԵɺϣƾˮͫԼҲ޷ҲҲǸطġ
Էʯ֮ҲһϲԼ֪Լ˵ĴĳϹż
̽ԵĹ£շѾţ֮Щˣڴͨһʯ
õĽǵһƪھڸġ߻ָھ
μھ֮ʱһˮͫȻҲھ󣬵ϲϰ֮£ȥڶʯȴƾһ֮ͭٸĶ֡
ֻܰ˼ʱΪߣѰҵ֣ٹ˵һ̽ء
ʱҹȥʾƪؿھȤû뷨
뵽̨֮ϵľ˱֣ʵ֣ܴͨʯѰҵ߻ָĺھŶ˼ؾԼͬ̽ؾ
ˮͫĹ۲죬ʯһһǲƵģ֪ιʡ
ãֱʯֻһ൱Ѩ۷ĺȭٸʵʱ߶ѪҲǺòͨ
ΪǺȭٸֵʵԶֹͨѨ۷ô򵥣ȻƺҲͨĳЩȭ
ڵڶ׻ʯŴ൱ڰ벽ͭٸĪ⣬ƾһ֮Ƕ֣Եʱֻм˼бѪˡ
ĪĵʯŶûȻ޷ʲôֻ¿ܱȵڶ׻ʯҪµö࣬ͷԿ̵ͼһֻɫȸ
䣬׻ȸӦǹ˵ޣҲࡣ
Ȼ׻ȸãǻٵһӦþǵĵʯˡ
ֻǵ׷ʲôԵʣˮͫҲ²ѡ

ˮ֮ͫҲǺ棬۾΢˵ǵڶʯ棬пܱǡ߻ָĺָ
ֹˮͫõָ֮ҲиоָֻеһСݡ
һСݾǿܵõָţʹԼϾʿвк󣬵徳ʿϣȴһ˴һ
ָͬʮӡ
֮ǰΪˮͫԼģڣԼȴҲȤҪúôһʣʯˡ

ˮͫսȭٸľ飬ȭٸûֻƴٶߣϿͭٸͬ
ȥ֪սʤͭٸĹؽ
ȴˮͫ˵ͭٸжҶǼĹŽҵĲ²⣬϶ƷĽһһ£ҲҪˣȣҪֹ˵ȻŻ
š
˵ͷȻʱûнȥҲõͭٸĿ¡
ˮͫ˸취Ȳȥȥɽµġ򡯣Ūƺ޿׽ȥ˵Ǻ޿ǺزúڻɰƶɣܷһƷĹȻò󣬵ʤޣؽʱ̵һЧõġ
򣬺޿ף
һ㶣Ȼ۾һȴЩɻ󣬡ˮɽ£ʿĳ򣿡
Ȼеģ
ˮͫԴ˵Ȼ·΢΢һЦתתƻʱ֣ڵһƫƧɽС
ɽȵײһģ󣬵ȴ¶һɷ֮ĺɫС
Сſڵʯϣֻ͹ޣ۾Ա߱šѪɫ֡


691 ޼
Ǵ˴ˣǽȥɡ
ˮͫͷЦ˵ͷȥ
ţ
۾һԶĺɫСһۣо˴ƺƵء
˼˵ټϼȻˮͫȻܺԼҲûԥֱӸϡ
һСƬ֮ǰԼɷоŨˡ
ǰʯϵ̵ֻޣҪʯл۾ͨ죬˶ɡ
ţڿǣ
һСУĸоĿעӡ
Ŀ΢ƣ㷢֣򿴼ĵһһʯǽ£ż׺ݵĳªʿ
е»űǴͱԼ˴ſڽ˵Ŀ޼ɵԼˮͫת˼Ȧ
˿һ۱գ毺ãɴɸоòڵˮͫȴ԰࣬һɧ̿ˮ
мˣͷӶƺƷͷʲôһЦٴδˮͫˣǲ⡣
Ŀ΢˵׼ʱˮͫȴȻһ£ùǣЩǴ˵صĵͷߣרŴɽַԵģϻ鷳Ҳ͸۷װˣʵһ¾ͺá
䣬ˮͫӿһѨʿǿƣ˲䣬Ǽªʿ㲻ɫһ䣬Ҳˣηĵͷ
ˮ̧ͫǾҲûж࿴һۡ
ˮͫһգͷһۣЦЦ
۾΢֪˼û˵ʲôתϵ
СȷһǳСС
Ϊ˵ؿˮɽԵʣûʲôͨ˻ڴ˵أԾĶ붼ߣһ϶ɷΪԲ͡
Ҳףˮɽ̽գûеʵڴ̻ʿҲŻԪΪǻԪкڡ
ȻѨڸһС
ԣղˮͫһųƣܵѨʿ϶еͷ߲Ųò½ͷϵЦһη
֮⣬ڵĽҲеҪƾɣ࣬ƺЩͷˡ
һӣשʯ߷ȫ߽ĽͺһСࡣ
ȸСȫʿҪõĵ̣һӦС
ҩ̣̣ҩ꣬ϵ꣬רʿԼ̯һСʯ㳡ʱ̶һСȺʿ̯ЩԼɽд򵽵Ʒ
ȥͷġ̡Ҫĺ޿ףҪ۲ͣдǮ𣿡
ţ
ԣЩ⣬룬ȷصǮûУǮв٣Ӧÿ֧ɣ
˵ԴӽѨԺ󣬺ܶණǵǮԹˡ
ܶϡƷҪǮףѲٴǮϵıǮǴǸʯϿбɱĽ߾ѵġ
λ߾ԲиֶһѣƷǮнǧƷǮҲϰ򣬶ͨʿ˵ȻһƸ
ƽʱ治עػ۲Ƹʱˮͫһ˵ƾֻˡ
ԣˮͫ۾һǮȻòǮҲֻƷĺ޿׶ѣбǮƷƷĿס
׵ȻƷԽԽã˵Խף²ԥߴˮͫϽ·һ·ûֱͣͷȥ
Ƭ̺ѵÿһ΢ЩĺɫŵС
߽ţһСӭ˹λͣҪЩʲôǵи׶УʺʿʹõףʺϻԪʿʹõۼףʺѨʿʹõĺ޼ף֪Ҫһ֣
ϳ˵ĺ޿ס
ˮͫԥֱӿ˵
Сɫһ䣬ɫøˡ
漰޿׵ĽףҪƹ̸Եȣ
˵꣬һԵľ£ȡյ֮ܶƬ̺͸һ߹
һüĿϿ޵˵ƣȴĲ򵥡
ں߻֮ؿһ̣ߣûʵǿ롣
Լ飬ֲ׼Ҳùע
Цعû㹰֣ѽһһᣬ˵һϲȸڴУԭй͵ˣ죬˵
á
Ҳûԥֱȥ˺ã˼һüϸӣڷʮ˸ںڹס
һָݺڼףˮͫ˵λǳź޼׶֪ߣˣ۸Ǳˣۣ
ˮͫ߹ȥ˼ۣߵ棬ں֮УԼ˸Ϲĺ޿ףֱӽô
߶ʱһЦ⣬ĴָλͣȻ۹ߣǱɵ֮йߵߡ޼סȺ޼׻һƷбѨ߽׵ҲץƣҪҲߣܵǮףֻܱǮһʮƷǮһʮ򣬾۱ʮ򡣡
ˮͫûκԥһͷãҪˡ
˵꣬һڣǰСǰÿװһƷǮһǧһöƷǮ൱öƷպʮ


692 ʯ
߼бǮҺȻƷǮȫƷǮ֮ϵЦݸŨˡ
ȻȻһöƷǮǵȼöƷǮеʱöƷǮȴǶһһöƷǮġ
ΪԽϣֵԽ϶ף¶ͬȼ۸ȴǼѡ
ܶʱ򣬼Ӽ۶һܶһɹ
ԣ߿ˮͫԽԽ˳ۣˮͫ˷ԸѾ޼װᵽǰЦŵӭ´
ˮͫҲûпһץһ޼ף뵽֮У뿪̡
ǲϡһΪֵؽ磬һڿ׳ȥ̫עĿͽ鷳
ҲΪ̫̫أʮӰжۡ
޵磬ıضҪʱ򣬷ûгġ
ԭҲܼ򵥡
޵߶Ǹȥĸˣһɷǵվǰ׷ͰףһӴӷ׵ףͷ·㣬Ц磿
ҲΪ׵ʵԲǺܴ
޵߶ƽˣǵĻ߷ԶһʵãҪʱٻӰǵжٶȡ
һףȻˣվﲻ˴򣬵һӣܻЧʡ
Ҫ֪޵߲Ѱˣͨ˹Ƶף޵Уиְ취Ƴ
ٸ߼ףԷþ񹥻ƼֻҪһѷЩ׹ƣɱ
ֶһֻڷ˾ʢУ޵Ҳ˻ãһʱ֮衣
ˮͫ߰벽ͭٸҪõһ£Ϊķ
֮߳ûֱӳźȥ
ȴûз֣ߺ߿ȥıӰȻٺһЦͶƷǮϵĲƸٰ
ʶĦָһöŽ䣬кȻâһһ֣֮ǰд˵ĻС֡
ߵǵϢֻҪĳɡ
ǡ
СǶ·תӺÿһ˳ȥ
ʱСбмˣĸˮͫӰ׷ȥ

ڸǣ
һͨ쳹壬ޱǿֶߡ
ǼӰȻΣ㲻ʶ̽
ߣ
ˮͫһɫЩ䡣
ĵظ˵˵ûΣգŸճ򣬾׷ⲻǴʲô
ȻǲʶȤǾֲˡ
䣬һѾʧԭء
Ƭ֮Ļʶ̽еǼӰѾʧȻǱˡ
ЦЦҲû˵ʲôȻ뿪ûеĹ
⼸Ҳ޷ˮͫҲܳΪϽһϾʿޣǰĶˡ
ٴ뿪ҲûСβˡ
뿪֮ûãе߾͵֪˺ȫϢһĿ˸£ŲòеУС㡣
ˣҲҵݣںˣһˡ
ûȥ׷

ǼС鷳֮ˮͫһ·˳˳ˮֱˮɽûʲôΣա
ˮͫĴ·;ԽԽƧֱҲӰǰһ޼ʵĴɽçӣ֮ȻʲôƵء
˶Ƿˣʹҹ赲ǵĽŲ˫Ŀ۾˸ŵ⻪ܿһ
˳ҹɫããɽ֮С

СʱڣʹСĽǾɽһЩޣˣһȭɳȭͷɳһ͸һֻӥѪĭ
βӣ뿪Ƭ򣬽һƬʯµش
ҹ֮־ɱоգڣҹʱ֣ˮͫһʮխƧĵط
ˮͫ·ǻʮ꣬Ҳδҵõط
¹£ô˵һƬףƺκﶼûУȻҰޣ̫ȵط
ʯһɵٱڣ˽һʱڣŷˮ֮ͫʯ
ʯʯ֮£ǰ󣬷ֱˮͫĵһʯԼ֮ûдȥĵڶ׻ʯԼûȥĵȸʯ
ΨһıǣʯһӦΪΪѵĵʯʯȴǡǡʮֵĻٵˣ˰ߣֻһƬлϱڡ
ô࣬ȥԵڶʯ˵ڶԲ˵ٺ棬뿴ǵʯҲȥ

Ҳͬĵ˵ͷ˵ˮͫĵһʯȥ
Ȼ߽ȴͬʱɫһ䡣
ԭӦôųͨĵһʯȻٴνգʯϵʯƺ֮УǶŵɫľʯ˸ŵ⡣
⡭
ˮͫаǵԼʱʯǴ򿪵ģôָԭˣ
ߵһ࣬ˮͫתת飬֨һβһڣ˲֣һͨǰ
߽˲ƻͨͨڶ֮Ĺؿڣһ߻˸ŵڹĺȭٸĴ
ŲȭٸУƺ̻ͷ­΢΢һת֨תȭٸͷ漴㳯ˮͫ߿
ԭˣ
ˮͫ۾ǰԼ
ǵãԼߺȭٸ󣬶Է̱ԭأҲ漴һȥ
뿪һʱ䣬ƺԶԭˣʲô
ѵʯٸĹܲɣ
ԭͱģҪӣҪϣҪأҪǿ


693 ת
ôࡣ
״ȻҲù棬ڵһȭٸˮܾͫʮֺ棬Ϊûᣬû뵽Ҳܺսһһºȭٸʵ
Ա߿ţһ
á
ˮͫѾһΣȻЩҲû֡
Ȼܸʵòϡ
Ϊһߺȭٸûеõ߻ָ֮ǰҲսʤ
ȻеѣѾһ֮ǰˣˮͫսĴ߻߻ָؼʵ
սһΣţһ⣬ͽȡʤ
ʵߵö࣬սܵĺȭٸֻҪʮоܽſ¡
֪ȭٸսˮͫ˵һߣ˸ۿ
޼׶ûȡһѾƮǾߺȭٸǰ
Ǹеİ˵Ŀȭٸеɫ泹׵ȼһ̣̤Ѿһֳ̤ȭһ͵ľ
еʵ
һЦ˼򵥽ӲһȭȻܽΣֻҪ룬Ӱܹȭߺȭٸú޻֮
ûôߺȭٸöԽڶʯеͭٸиֱ۵˽⣬ԾӲӲһǣΡ
飡
Ҳһȭ߶ˮ
һ̣һһٸȭͷڿײ
䣡
һ죬֨֨
ȭٸһҲȻԭش˸סе̹һоۣӣǡ顱һƴ͵һȭ
ֻȭȻһʹ
ȻʵǷһ߸ȭٸӲƴվǳ˵Ų΢΢һһжྡྷ
ȴ¶Цݡ
ֻһȭѾ±ֻȭٸڵԼĳң棬ԣǻ۵Ӱ죬ҪʹʵԽֻȭٸŰ
Ȼ
ʱ򣬼ݵʱ䣬ûгѹԵʵɶʵΧźȭٸϳȭһպôĹؽڲλ
¸¸¡顭
ߺȭٸһûио֫ؽϵܵȭϮҲԵˣûʹУٶҲԸ
ڣʮȭԼһȭ÷ʯǽϡ
ȭٸ֮һ죬ȭٸصˤ۾е̻һð֮󣬳
Ť˼£ͳſ²һѷ
һᣬˮͫѾ
֪ʵǿҲû뵽ôǿ
ͷȭٸǾһȻûнս֮ǰʵԶڣûеõ߻ָҲûôɡ
׵֪ûõʵֻɶ
Ȼ֪ǰ棬һֱʵȭٸֻһȭĳɣֻ֪¸ȵ˵
ʵͷȭٸʵѾ͸Ҳûʲô̽ˣźȻһȭ
ȭٸ֮ͣһߣΪѾû뵽
Ȼ
֨һʯ룬ש䣬Ȼһ̨̨֮ϣһɫӡ
ת飡
âתˮͫæ˹ȥʰһģȴһɼǿҵĻϵϢҫ˷
ģоһȡ
ˮۣͫȵǳڣҪϲγɵӣһ챦
һλӵÿջϵٶٻɣұֱëոΪ㲻ܣϣɰγ𶾣ӿϵ
ͷ׼ڼޣתɲôǻߣ֮ã˷Ǯǣ
ȻˮͫڸһؾҪ̽ʯżҲû˵͸һջ񲻵á
תֻܺȭٸõģȻˮͫҲһ֣ܵϾͬȻҲ̣ܶǵǰһ
ŰɣǴ򴩵ڶʯʱһ䡭
ˮͫ޽ٵ˵ȻöȻ󣬵ȻʲôԶԶƪؾ
ڵֻС£ֵǣʯȻԶָһܵڶΣҲнȻѷһҲʯУֻ߻ָһ֡
ԣҲûŤֱӽ봢䣬Ȼ˼һ£Ҳͷ˵˿ǵڶʯеٸҲδؾһܵõ߻ָĺھˡ
漴ҰοٳֹΪǲƪʯӦûвСļʳֺĿǰҲֻԿˡ
ˮͫҲֻе˵ͷţȴ򿴰ɡ
Ҳûİ취
ܲܰ;ϣҲȥԣ˭֪أ
οȻǳ߻ָĺھ֮ս߻ָ׻ʯеĽҲ̫򵥣˲ܷ
˶²⣬ǵһδͨأʯĽãὥ
ȻͲһҲûҲܸպþˮͫǴãʯҲһ֮Ҫ˵
ţϢһ£Ȼڶʯ
ûжԥֱԭϥ£Ϣ
ȻһսûöٵˮͫڶʯͭٸĲǲԸ⣬ʨӲȫοˮͫ˵Σ֮ء
вСգҲҪΪָȫʢ״̬˵
ĵǵƷѨİ£Ҫܿ츴ԭһ״̬Ȼˮͫһ𣬿˵ڶʯ
ʯֽа׻ڶſҲǵһֵֻİ׻ɷݺᣬ۾ǳɫ
һ°׻۾ŶϢͭٸ˽룬˲۾һ˸ŵĺ⣬


694 սͭٸ
ˮͫս㾡ȫҲûսʤͭٸˣҰܵúǱ
վſڣ˰Σ˭Ҳû̫⡣
ȻսʤһĺȭٸȽϼ򵥣ȷͭٸУܵȫһ
ٶȣ޵У
ڵһһֻңȲ޼ףһ˵
á
ˮͫͷӦҲһһԼʵжߡ
ͬ棬һΪֻһˣһԶȽѣ˵˲ң˵ҹ˲ƣڱʵʮһźܿܡ
ֻһͭٸȫһˡ
һ죬жʱֳһڣϵǳĳڽʿޣʤѩһսǱ
Ʒϵºǡ
޹Ľѻ٣ȻΪôã˸飬ûҲֻܵװսȻҴ⣬ֻȡºǳԵС
ҲʮֲǱټǧ⣬Ҳûô׻ȥ֧һͭٸһˡ
ˮͫ״ҲûԥһУǱŽɳʣС
ܹһΣȻܴ⵽׼ֿȭǾͭٸսԺģս֣۾ֻһ£˾ͬʱȥԲסһͭٸս
һѵõģͭٸȻеڴš
һԱߵˮͫеºһΣҫ㺮ǣСˡϡ
Ҳǡ
䣬̤̤
˽ŲͬʱƶȻһһңͬʱӶгŷкȥ
ͭٸУ˳һ˲ͬʱƶˣһһңӭˮͫĽ⡣
ǵֱۣе̧ڵĹŽһʮ֣ҫ۵Ǻۣˮͫӭ͸µɱ
ɢǵϡ
۾һԥһһȥܹһ
ˮͫ״ͬʱұߡ
ͭٸһ£Ͼǻеǻۻǻеԥһ֮ߵĽٸֱֿߵĽٸұߵĽٸˮͫͬʱ˹ȥ
ٴ̧ɫĹŽĽŷһΣȴһֻһˡ
ǵĽࡣ
ٴκһȻһȻһأȻǴͭٸֱ»˽ȥеºȻһ񣬱һͬįǿ
Ʒоʮ
ҹǺӣ
Ǻҫ磬ͭٸײʮΣȻվСͭٸķ
һѪⷲûп£ʱѱ鲼ʮ͸СĲ
ͭٸȴá
ºֻϼҫһƬĻ𻨣漴ϻһ۶£ͭٸе̼ʱ˫ֳֽȻһһӴƥĺɫ⣬ն
һ±УֱֻҪһΪֱӱ
ͷһ֮£ٴһִͭٸºٴҫ𣬲аֱϥؽڣ㲿λ
ȻĽͭٸȻٴһת֨֨ڻеǰѺɫŽٴȻһȻȻһΪȫ´
ٸȻʩչ
һû뵽һĻĽԲǷƷΣͷòջعеºǳһᣬס⡣

öĴ죬˱һٱõֱʯſڣͣ£ֻѾ飬ļ᲻
ͷһƣеǾƷ֮ϣǱСȱڣ˸ŷĹâȻǱͭٸкɫŽն
ЦãһƷϵȻһ߽ٸֵĵ߱һԣҪ޵ݡ
ǾͭٸڸӦѾԶڵλ֮󣬻һеĺ⼱£Ȼָֻԭĳֽʽվԭر
ЦųһȥˮͫұǾͭٸȥ֮ҲǲУǾͭٸҲһйĪĽˮͫܲὣȥȴһ͡ͷѪŽ
һ˻ԭأɫҲ˲þѩס
ϴȻҲսܣƺͭٸûôǿѵһˣǵӦСӦˣôǵҲ֮
ô򣿡
ˮͫҲǲһɥ
ԭΪһеĺȭٸô򵥣֣аٷְٵİմͨأû뵽ֻڶأС鷳
еǱɫŽҲǷƷˡ
ȻˮͫУҲӦһƷٿνʱýȴĽ֮ʾɫС֡
񡱡
Ŀһ˼
ϽһһϻѵõƷзλƷ͵ȣϻλƷеȣӦþ֮һˡ
û뵽䵽ˮͫУֻУҲˮԵʡ


695 ͨ
ˣϢһ£
˹ȥڵ
Ҳֻˡ
ˮͫҲ˵ͷ֪ʱ״̬սߵһߣһ䴦ӻͳһСҩƿ˺ͷ·¶һ磬ЩѪɫҩȥ
ҩ۸˿ڣѪ˲ֹסֻҪϢʱͻȫԭһ̺۶¡
ǻˮҵĶҩɢҩһ֣ʮҲˮͫˮҺĵӣлõһСƿѰˮҵӣҲûеġ
תͷȥû͵
Ȼæϧˮͫ˵ĵطʺ֣ҲֻܽˮͫԼҲʲôˣƬ̼
ֱˮͫعͷ·Լ΢΢һЦкȻЩøС
߹ȥԱߣڵȻղֻ̽ûȫͭٸƺϴսĻǿ󣬿ȫԸˡ
Ҳ˵ͷпҴˣû뵽ͭٸȻв׵Ľˮƽֻ²ڸŵĶ֮ˡȫԸǵȷǵĶ֡
ʲô뷨𣿡
ˮͫʵ˵꣬Դһ˿ڴؿ
ϾˣǰͭٸģĿǰѹأȻϣ
ԣ˸£漴΢΢һ򵥣һ
һ
ˮͫʵ˵ȹͬΧһߣȽٻͷȥһߣ
ͷˮͫǹߣֻһߣƱҲ֣ʱͶԶʲô𣿡
ֻأֻһߣȻսʤϣʤˣڼ䣬ƱҲᱻһͭٸնɱɣ
ɻ뷨ƺʮִϸһȴʮ޴
˶ԸһߣȻû⣬ǣһͭٸҲɵǣֻҪ뵽ǵĹΧ֮ڣǵˣʱͬʱǶԶĽ֡
ͭٸһֿ֮ǣǵĹƸͣǿȴûֻ֮··硣
Ц˵Ĳ˵ģҲ˼
ţ
ˮͫɻ͵Ǵһʱȸ԰һͭٸʯǣ֮γԶľ룬Ȼһ߻ɻһ룬۷غֹĶ֡ڵڶͭٸӦߵĶʱڣҪγһɱȽһ߽ܻعͷԸһߡ
һܽǾٴηֿٸʵȻǿ󣬵ȴûǣֻҪٷֿǱȻٴ׷һɱе֮£ҾͲһֻ߲Ҫһ߹ˣʣǾߣͺýˡ
ˡ
ˮͫԣڲ۾һƣã취

뵽
ˮͫоѾȬ룬Ӱս֮Ȳģһԡ
ٵһʱģֵסˮͫУֻõͷӦ
漴ٴγһۣȻͬʱһͭٸȥ
һһңͭٸȻֿԳ׷ȥ
ˮͫʯǡ
ڴʱˮͫһУǾ޼׶ʱ֣֮ϣֻһ˫۾
ŲһǶãȴǴͭٸĽٹϣҲֻҫһƬĻ𻨣ȴ޷ʱڹ޼׵ķ
ʱ䣬ˮͫ˲߶ؾѪȻʩչ߻ָرط֮£ʵһʱ
ͣͣ
ֱӵͭٸϥؽڲλһΣͭٸҲסϥؽһ󡰸¸¡𣬾ͳϵ
ʱͭٸеĺڽ౬һĿڹ⣬һνˮͫͷ¡
޼ףӴεĽ⣬˲䡰͡һ·ţƤߵֶȥ
ˮͫ߶˷黨ףʩչṦܹһֻҲҪ棬ķˡ
ǿĽУ
ˮͫоŷԼСͭٸһеĹɲʲô˶ʩչģֻһ˲ﵽ˵ƷĲΡ
Һãڴʱڽһͭٸ䣬һ֮ԭسһµĵӰԻǾͭٸ
ȴԼٶȣأգ۾͵ˮͫ࣬һʱ䣬ȼ߻ָͬʱ߶һʱƴǡ
ͣ
һڵºǣͬ˼ҫһҫ۵ںۣһ̣͡һͭٸؽڡ
ͭٸһս˲һͣȻڴʱƣһͬһλá
һ۷ԥķذ糱ˮˣؽеĻ֮ϣƾ͸룬ǻرϾǿ˲һѲ
ॣ
һ죬ͭٸеĺڽѾڵأʧȥ
Ȼǧһ˲䣬һͭٸȻѾһɢµӰԻûӰȻԼ棬Ͼûʵôǿܲһɢ
ͭٸеĺ⼱£Щɻ
漴ͷӦ˹ȻһתͶסǽˮͫΧһͭٸͣȻӿһ̣ξȻԲڴ߶˱ؼٶȵ˲ǽǵһߡ
еĵߺڽΪâһֱʺٶȿþˡ
ϧˡ
û뵽ͭٸӦٶ˿٣е⣬ǿֽһ

еº˲䷢һ֮ϣȻһָ״Сȱڡ
һͣ󳯺󵹷ɶһѪں䣬ˡ

ˮͫһҪԮ
ڴʱԵǾͭٸȻеѾ䣬ȻʱкڹһȻ̧һֱۣΪһֻ۴ȭͷˮͫͷȥ
ȻֹýһʧȥҲȭ
Сģ
״˲ԼȻһ˦֣һ̫һţһ̣Ѿˮͫͷ
һĽ⵹ɶأٶȱȥʱ졣
ֻͭٸȭͷվҲƫһ㷽ֻˮͫĶһѪɽ棬ˮͫȻѣе¡
ɣ
һȻٴһʢѪȻڴʱͻĲ㣬һʱʢеķŽ֮һȻصͷͭٸѡ
һҲͭٸŤ˼£ͷһᣬͨһأ£ðһŤĵ𻨣ò
ˮͫٳ¼ˡ
һͷһͷͭٸʵȫ£߰У漴ͬʱһġ
һҲȻͷͭٸҲضеĺ⳹Ϩ𣬵ڶʯͨأ


696 ƷطӰ
ˮͫˣֻеһͬʱһƨ˵ϡ
һЦЦУȴָеһԵĳ졣
һս˵ѣڶۺϣûô׽ֻͭٸ
ˣҲˣºǰ٣ˮͫǾ׳ױϣͬʱʩչһ֮ڣûʲôսΪۡ
ʱڣҪսȸʯѾǸ֮ˣûö굤˲˵ƻָ
Ȼǲܵ飬ϴ֮ԸһΪ徳ʿϴղҪʮöǮȲѡ
һΣ徳ʿ޻µʱ䣬ʱúܣȻܰѼĻ굤˷ȵط
Ҳ˿ջûУ˵ջ񻹼
ǾǣڽڶأȻѺͲףԽˣԽǸеͳ죬ˮͫ˵ˡ
ڶ׻ʯŹ֮ãֱȷԼȫûһ˿ᣬȥ
ͽ⣬ѾȲ뿴ڶʯеĽʲôˡǣ˼ΪҪõġ߻ָھ
潵䣬ƽ̨
ƽ̨֮ϣƮһɫţԶԶӰΣۼ
ţ
ˮͫĻɴϲ
ƷͿȷ߻ָ޹أȻţ߻ָھĿԾʹˡ
ȥ
Ȼˣǿһˮͫеʯеĸ̨֮ࡣ
ûȥֻǶˮͫȥʲôǷ߻ָھ
š
ˮͫҲӹȲһƮϸ̨ţǱ
Ȼֻһۣȴӹһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
ţ
Ȼûʲô壬ֻˮͫɫ֪Բ߻ָĺھˣҲһʧ
ʲôţ
ˮͫѯʵ
Ȼ߻ָţţڶʯУӵеƷܱȡ߻ָй֮
ԣʹҪǱţⱾţֻҲ򵥡
СӰ֡
ˮͫɫŵݸֱʧȥ˴ۿ
ϾˣǱ߻ָھֲǣֻɨһɫϵ֣ô򿪡
ȻӹȻֵɫķҳ֮ϣ׭żϵ壬ȻǡӰ֡ɫ֣ÿһУǳ˸ޱȡ
һ򿪵һҳֻ˼У̲סȫһ
Ʒطȫֻеһ
Ʒط
ˮͫһæȥۿ
˼ۣеʧʧȥβסľϲȻǵƷطǵƷˮǿĹѪҲ׼ƷⱾӰ֣ȻǵƷţ
ʣ䣬ÿһƷɹƽʱһֻа˴󶥼ŵӲл
¾ǰ˴ŵĵӣ¾ͣ츳ľ˾׵ĵزҲûлġ
ˮͫȻϽ֮һˮǿϣҲҲһƷģڣȴõһƷط
ȻֻǲоҲɹˡ
ӵд˲оֻҪȫգȫпܸһ徳ʿϴǰʮǰʮǰʮ壬Ҳȫûлᡣ
ҪС徳ʿϵǰʮǰʮ塣
徳ǰʮǰʮ壬ÿһǰǰĵĵλ¾徳ǰĸ֣ѽǰʮ
Ϊô࣬徳ǰ壬ܹһжʮˡ
ˮͫĿǰʵȫȫѪ߻ָҲϾʿ޵ĵѡ
⻹Ƿõ£Ͼʿޣ徳ʿУʵĩβģߵĵľĵˮݴöࡣ
Ͼʿ޵ĵľڰˣǰʮȥ
ľֻбԽϲϾϱҪǿ󣬸Ҫöࡣ
˵ֻ˵š
ϾĿǰֻһţµ˥֮ʱֵܴ㣬һǿ߶ûС
˵ϣֿնɡڤҲս
ò˵ڵʵǰڵףԭԶԶţ¥ڣҲѳ١
һӵ󶥼ţֱǶ꣬ǧɽĳڣɽ
󶥼У꣬ڣڰ˴жǰУгһֱǵһڶĶţҲãʱǰʱҲǰ塣
ҲʵѷһЩš׵ͻȻͻƣһȻѾϣԽꡣ
ʿ޵ľ֮пᣬ
ۣ칤ɽаɽһ㲻ڶ칤ɽǧʱУа˳ϣǰ֮ףаɽΪµһаڣҲûеǰ塣
ʢ֮ʱаɽеڶûʱҲǵĵ塣
µһţµһаڣ֮û¹Ļ
΢һЩʳͰ˴֮һ¥ȻѷһҲԶֻһŵϾֻӵһŵı
ԣ徳ʿУԶᣬΪңԴ֮ҲԶΪƽͣҲΪ򵥵Ķϱ
ˮͫϾҪڽ徳ʿУǰʮ㼫ס
ǰʮǼѣʮ
ǰʮ壬ֻ˵мССĸʣܲܳɣû˸ҴƱ


697 ٸ
Ȿţøˮͫûȥ
ϾѾйһĵƷټƷӰͼںϳɹĵƷʮؾȻãԲˮͫҪ
ټϴ˴αΪˮͫضĳŵӦ˾Ҫ
Ȼûеõ߻ָĺھЩʧܵõⱾҲ㲻
ĳЩ潲طվǳ֮ơ
Ͼһ˲ԵʹñطùһξҪϢܳһʱ䣬ܳ־ԵʵĵƷţֵҪԶȱطҪߡ
ۻһѡһĵƷһǿıطͬһǰգ˵ѡ񣬱ضǲƷ
ͺñȣһ˱ʵǻԪڣʹñطҲһ˲ԪڣԪ۷սǿ϶ܳ־á
õһƷɹ֮ʵѾһԪǿߡ
ȻʵʱȲϱ֮ʱ˵ܳӵлԪڵʵʵȶûκκ֢
ҪǣƷߵпռ䣬ٶȡ
ϾƷ̺ľ壬֮·ֱָ֮
ƷͻƷĸҲǧ֮һ
һӵһƷͻƷɹĸʣȴټʮ
ǲࡣ

ʱ䣬ˮͫҲûȥڶʯлָ
Ǽ̺ԼȡԵʯеٸʱ޻֮
ˮͫõǲӰ֮֡ѾȲʼĹ
չãֻҪȥһ죬ܳգΪԼʵ֮һ
ʱսȻ
Ȼսʤͭٸ֮󣬰׻ʯĺѾ򿪣ʯӰԼɼֻҪ룬ʱǰȥһۡ
˶ûмн롣
ڶʯѾ㾡ǵȫˣʯѶԲ˵
óȻǰȥֻ²˵ĺ棬ֱӴʧȥˡ
ԣϢһ£ʹñؾĺ֢ٽȥһԡ
ֻǣ֮ˮָͫɣҲ಻סԼĺ棬ŷ֮ǰ档
ۿȶĴţһֱŲȥһֲֿļ尾
ڣ˰ȥˡ
һۣڣ죬ߵʯǰְֻȸ˫ʯĴŻ򿪡
˽ȥ
һǳʯ֮һڶҪһЩ
ˮͫҲûĵط˵ĿǰΪֹ˶һлһ֪һƬհס
ڽ֮ǰѾεĲ²浽ʲôٸǻָͭٸǻָ߽׵ٸ
˽ʯʱ𰸽Ȼȴǲͬʱһ㶡
տʯУֻǽϣһЩϵĻƣһڶʯࡣ
룬ŵλãһתɫİսٸȼҲûκ
ʲôٸ
һۣԷеɻȭٸٸʲôͣ
˶ࡣ
ʲôٸֻҪû׶Ըࡣ
˿֮ǰ׼޼ףЩˡ
Ҳһ߾㹻ȻѾٵսٸֻҪٶܣ׷㹻Զһ˸ǴռˣҲݵķܽϿ塣
ȥԣ
ڵ
Ȼָֻʵ̫ܵӰ졣
ΪֻҪӵеܴ߶ٶȲֻΪֻȫʢʱڵɣʱ̡
ҲҪֱȥսٸһսȥѡ
ãҪСġ
ˮͫҲûʲôΣգϾٸûֻҪûûа취һƾٶȣނҲӵóҲ̫ġ
ţġ
˵ͷһݣѾǾ߰սٸڵĵطȥȫתӰ˲˻һĲӰٶȿ˲ĿѼ
ˮͫ۾¶̾ɫ
Ȼû뵽ˡ
۽Ǿ߰սٸʮ֮ʱȻ֮䣬սٸȻ˫Ŀ۾УһɫĽ⣬һţֱ;ʶ
ãǾսٸ
һ̣ɫ䣬Ҳ룬һתȥ
˵ٶȣôٶȣ
ֻüת漴Ժоʹһ̹Ǿʹɫ˲ľʶһֻ˲䱻˺ѣѪܵģһɿµľ籩Ժбը˿

֮䣬һ຿ɫף˲䷭أһգֱʹ˹ȥ
ˮͫæϣոտͬҲһɫˮͫľֻһನ˲εڵأԲѡ
ܲද֮Ǿ߰սٸеɫȥһشͬһʯŲ䡣

ȥСʱ֮ˮͫת
Ǿ߾սٸٴη񹥻˲䣬˹˲ֱһ˾սٸĹΧŲɫס
ղǾ߰սٸһ񹥻Ǿʶ˲䣬ֲֿľʹ˲о
ԭΪǷǳ򵥵һأڲŷ֣˵ֻˣʮٸǧ߾սٸҲһġ
Ϊ˶٣һû
Ϊľ񹥻һģ˵ĹԵӣÿ˵ľǿȿû취һֻܿԼӲ
Ҳ˵˶һֻһ˵ľǿܵĹ֮ܿܣκˣֻͬܿ࣬ﲻκæ
û뵽ؾȻ˱̬ٸ޿κΣֻеȻȥɣ
á
ˮͫҲûа취ֻôӦ

뿪ʯص׻ԲɱĻ䡣
ԺиղһĻϻطţȻݣȴƸоǧһ㣬ǰʹ࣬û볢ܵڶΡ
οʹԶԶ壬Ǿ߰սٸǿ󣬸˵Ԥ
²⣬Ǿ߾սٸ־ֻ´ﵽ˳׷ĵزȻƾԶѰ˵ľǲ˲һġ
൱ڳ׷ľ־⻹ô򣿡
ҲɿЦԺУ۴
Ȼǰ˺ûǰɢ
Ҿ˺ΣɵӰµġ
û뵽취⾫񹥻֮ǰٽȥٴΣһġ


698 ٴս
֮߰ˮͫܵǾ߷ٸɵľ˺ųָ
ڼ䣬˭ҲûٽʯϾ޷ⷨľ־㾫ָ۷ʱڣҲá
ˣúϢȽָ۷״̬˵
ڷٸĿǰҪҪҳһ취ľ񹥻ߣǿԼľ
һ֣пܣڷٸ£Źȥ

֮
ˮͫʩչɵ״̬ʧ
һ죬һΥصԼϵĸоǰ
ٽȥһˣ
ˮͫͬʱվ𣬶һۣ˵
ΣǷֿ
á
ˮͫ˵ͷӦû

ӽһµʱ䣬һڵȴƵĻָһҲûţ˼ԼãԼԷ񹥻İ취
ң첻ˡ
ֻҪ뷨ͻа취취һ뷨͡
ʮ˼ˮֿͫһԵİ취ֻǵûãҪ顣
ڣ˾Ҫһһвˡ
ϾǵʱѾ࣬;Уʮ죬սһڶû̫ʱ䣬ڵڶʯˣϢ˽һ¡
ˣǵʱ䣬Ҳʮ첻һϡ
⻹ҪԤʳʱ䣬ǵʱ䣬Ҳһ¡
ˣƸһָǱȲǰһԡ
֮ԷֿҲΪٸĹһϺһȺϣЧһġ
ˮͫȻһѷĳȥЧԣһһԣ˭İ취ãܺ˵нͷٸİ취
ˮ֪ͫԼϣԵһϡ
ȴӴȡһöɫĵƿеһɫ쵤ҩһ죬һȥ
ˣ
˲䣬棬һɫ֣ʶУ˲֮һҡ
״۾΢΢һϳսУҪѾ޶ɹпܻõĶ鵤֮һ񵤡
Ĺñǣʱһ˾ǿȣʱ䲻һ̶ӡ
ˣΪǿһЩؽʱֱ̣ǷΪʤ룬񵤣ˣҲھбмһöʮɹ
ȻɹȽϸԣʱû뵽һ죬ûжһû뵽ĵҩˮͫȻһ
սУջҲǲСջɹǰ򼶣ȻѼ񵤡
ˮͫԭľѨ۷壬ʱ̷񵤺ľһǿ˷ڵĵزԣһݣǳǾ߾ٸȥ
Ǿ߾ٸʮɷΧ֮ʱ䣡˲䣬Ǿ߾ٸеһεɫˮͫɨ
վʯſڣǾ߾ٸʮɣڰȫ룬ʱҲ϶ܲ
ЩŵضŴĻ˲䣬ȴˮͫȻһطͷһֻ޴ɫӰ
ӰĻ֧֧ɢľ⣬Կɫj
Ȼֻһ̣ˮͫƺһɶǱһ˿Ѫ
ɫӰ·쫷˲Ұܣ㣬âˮͫѾԶԶˤʯſڵĵϣһʧܣ
õҩǿ񾳽磬ҲǶ֣е˰ɣ
ҲһΣǾ߾ٸ񣬱ø˼֡
⾫ٸȻҲֻǳ׷ľľƺʵӾйԡ
ˮͫҩǿľ̫鸡һЩǶ֡
ˮͫιһ˵ҩ俿ǽһǣһǰȥڵΣ
á
ˮͫɫ԰ףȻ취ûʩУһξֻܴҪϢüˡ
һη񵤣Ȼò󣬵ľǿࡣٸĹĹǲġ
һΣȽϴΣҪС࣬Ϣ죬ָܻ
ڣҲֻܸɿţȴɹˡ

ھٸʮվΣվ֮⣬ʯ󷽣ΪˮͫѾɵΣѾû»ָֹ״̬ľٸЩء
ȻԽжЩģǲұ֤Ͼˮͫһܣ߾ٸƺԼеĻҪǿ
ԣӽСģһ˿⡣
ˣ
ԭվƬ̣״̬ȫΪ۷״̬
һ̣һ˲Į۾ͨʶоһ˲䳱ˮһһªŽײȥ
깦⣡
ûǴ깦ǿԼʶе˿⣬һ˲䱬ֲľԿǾ߷ٸľ񹥻
ֻҪԼܿǰԼʱžǷֳʤʱˡ
깦ϴ񣬴⣬һ̣ľǿȣԦΪԦҵӡ
ڣ깦߶⣬һ˲оԺбһǿ⣬ƺǺӣն

˫֪ʱ۾ѾһƬ̤һ˫ַӡȻȻǰһƶȥ
һɫ͸ŽüмɳԽԽֱǾ߾ٸ
Ѿ̤Σյؽ׼طأǺȻѡ


699 
̤뾫ٸʮɷΧһ̣Ǿٸ˲˷Ӧһ̤һ
漴е̻ٴεȼһֲľٴγѹ˿ѷɫڸղˮͫǲй֮
Ž񲨰ײ漴Ž񣬺ܿ㽫пһ޴ĿӣٶȲٸȥ
Ǿ߾ٸƺЩֲǻƺͣȻܿ£˫֣ʣľ۵һγһ޴İɫƶƣǰ
Žǰ飬ٸľ־˲ɣϵҲ֮һ
Ϸ
һĻˮͫǲɴϲټһһٽȥ
ڴʱǾ߾ٸиӦȻ̼ܵͷ­λȻȻ
漴ˮͫۼһɫԲ飬ͷ­֣תһɫ硣
ɨٸâǣ̶ſһ£Ȼ³һѪɫ档
Ѫɫס̳ľ꣬ꡭֲտϴⲻסȻڻڣ䵭
ԺУʱɲʹһƺߣǿסɫȴһ˲ò԰ףֽ͸
ļǿĹǿȣղѾ깦ǿн񹥻˼³̶ȣʱʶһƬհס
˷Ӱڲ˸΢⣬ƽʱǿʵľʶȻһ
Ȼ깦Ӱǿǿȣʱľ񾳽ҲԴﲻڵĲΡ
Ǿ߾ٸܵѹƣ·磬ռ֮󣬲֧ܡ
ۣ
Ȼ䣬³һѪųľһ˲䳹飬ǶѪɫ֮С
̶Ѫɫûκ赲͡һȻջһѪɫߣ̳·Ȼһ·壬ü֮С
һ̣һѪɫ棬Ȼ뵽ľʶ֮С
漴ѪɫĽ룬һɱŰɱ¾Ϣ˲䴫ȫ¡
ľʶֻ֧Ѩ۷弶ľ棬˿̱ɳƻǿ󷨵һ壬˲ıڿʼȣ̶ȻֱļҪը
ڴʱʶеöӰȻ̼ܵȻתءһƬ
â䣬ʶþôõķӰڽһ˿ĳΣʱȻһɿֲĽ־ǶѪɫһǡ
ѪɫԲʱܣľʶһսƬ֮󣬷Ӱ֮ϵĽ־ѷһɢ
ӰĹâҲȻһĹ࣬ʱڣҲ޷Ϊսˡ
Ѫɫʧȥ֣ٴľʶһƻ֮ŪľʶǧٿףǽһƬ
Ŵʤϲõ飬ʤɻصٸüġ
ڷӰĽ־ѹ֮󣬱̲סٴһѪ
Ѫɫʧȥѹƣľʶдҵʱһ𣬾־һңڼֲסȥ

Զˮͫһ󾪺æ߷Χ֮ȥȴ̣һѾ׵أ˹ȥ
۾գһԲѾ亹͸ɫǰδеĲ԰ףһ˿Ѫɫ
ӦֵϢѾʧǾ߾ٸͷһѪɫ滯ΪһѪӡǣͷ
ԭأ±ԭֹʽһ
ɵڵϵȴ֪ԼľʶУʱѾһƬưܣ˵ģǿ׶һ©ķࡣ
ľ磬ܵǰδеشֻ¶ʱڣҲβˡ

ڶʯС
գ΢ָһʶһоǲϵغţɱɱۡ
ˮͫǵؿִӵȡһˮңһˮ촽ϣ̰ڣ۾
ǰһĻƺûԺɢȥ۾УһƬѪɫľʬɽѪɱӯ
ͷֿʼʹ
ȻľʶҲԶָٶȼֱ̫ˣţô׶ʱ䣬ָʻʮ֮һ
ٶȣҲٹ꣬ʮָ꣬״̬
ھڴʱʶϿķӰܵӦȻâѾ࣬ǲȻһһɫɳɢݵľʶС
Щɫ뾫ʶһ˲䣬ֻʶһƬԭѪɫƻƺ࣬žʶܴľʹҲ֣ڻָ˼ѡ

ˮͫеѪɫڵȥ˼֣Ųɵǵغ
ȻҲ˴ˣյʱѻָ
ȴΪ˾ٸȫ뵽ľʶⴴˣȫǵܱȡ
Ͼս֮ǰһ񵤡
񵤡ȻûȡʤǱϾľһ֮ڴﵽ˷ڵĵزֻǾ߾ٸѷһȴ̫
ս֮ʱľȻܵѹƣƲء
ǴѨ۷ʵȥսڵľٸһٸķˣһ£ֻûи꣬Իָˡ
뵽ģȴΪܵصƣˮͫһв
Ȼ˵´һʼһס
ǣһ·н飬ۿΪصƣˮͫоͲһѹں޲ѡ
û¡
̧ͷˮͫǵ˫ۣ΢΢һů
һ̣ƿʲô˼飬۾ȴȻסˡ
ֻ֪ʱˮͫȻѾժϵɴ¶һѩһ޵գףɻˣٿԶɽѩ׾Ӧ˼䡣
㣿
ſʣȴʲڣˮͫ¶һ˿ײĺΣæתͷȥȥԡδӦúϢɡ
˵꣬æתŻææӳȥˡ
ؿֱӰʧŲ̧ͷһڶ񷶥һ΢̾Ϣ
ոգˮͫ뿪˲ѾӹԼľʶˣһ˲һ̶䵽ȵס
ưܣţ㣬ݴʶݴ˿ʶ˵ǲҲ̶һ㲻Ϊ
˵֮ǰľʶһƬǺ澫ɫˮǵ㡣
ˮϿķӰվлΣȻչҲű仯һɫ飬ڵ΢һ㽣״
һУõġ
ڣľʶһƾɵķ䣬ⶼǿ׶ĻɫϵӿȾʶʧӰ٣ͬڹ
ԭ·С׵ľˮʱҲѾ׸ɺԣ¶˼̣ªʯ١
ͷ΢΢תķӰһ⣬ʱľʶûпٵ˻ҪһƬֻ±һƬڰҲָˡ
ƻأûôأСͷٸʵ
Էľʶƻôã̶ȣƣûи߰꣬Լľָԭ״
һö굤Ҳ̫Ч
Ϊ굤Ȼǿ󣬵Ǿ鵤ھҲһĴٽãָʶ¡
굤ҩǿҲͼٸһĻָʱ䣬Ҫһӻָ۷״̬Ρ
һԼؽԵ徳ʿޡ
ûˣʶѾԽ䵽޵Ԩ
ѵǿʤȡǰĴˣ


700 ˮ
ܿ죬ʹԼ뷨
ڳֽ֮ǰûԤ֪ʤܡ
ڳľ棬ȻΪˮͫһףȫԼҪġ
ңҲ˵ȫûջ
һ߻ָָϾʿǰ֮ƷоʮһöǮԼ˴սʯһصöϵת顭
Щÿһǵ
һǼֵǶΪֵ
ô㣬Եʱ˵ֵõġ
ֻǽ֮䣬Ԥ֮ڶѡ
ҡ
˼ôָԼľˣԸ徳ʿʱŲˮͫѾһҩ࣬Լ
ˮͫһۣһ
֪ʱԷѴɴ۾һѾ˲ףһЦȻ˺ܶࡣ
Ƭ̣ˮͫѾߵǰ֪ĴߣȻɽҰһ㵭̵ҩ࣬òƻ
˱ˮӣڻָһЧã£Ҳùһ㡣
ˮͫ볯ǰһƣ˵
ţлˡ
Ҳûпӹ룬ףھͽһҩȫꡣ
˵ʵûнκʳȫˮͫιһЩˮάЩˡ
ҩڼ̣һ븹һȵϢӵ̶֫һϢ΢΢ζľʶӿȥ
ǹɵϢľʶ˲ɢݵЩ׶֮⣬ģȴǴЩ׶ڻ޸š
Ӧ˱䣬Ҳǲ΢΢档
޸˵ӣɲǷֻǶҩһ
ˮͫȻдԼ£飬Ƿôˡ
˵ԼˣǣԼҲӦĻر˴²ԣ㲻ԼԼҲ޷
ڴ˾٣Ƕĸ
ͫա
ûѯˮͫˮ飬ǽһ΢Ц˵Ȼʶܴ
ˮͫƵصСʱżõһסʮֶ޵֮дʳŽֻ϶ѵãʧ
ҴСԳպܸȤ֮󣬼ʹгֻҪգһϲԼгգһЩСԵġ⡮ˮ࡯һ֡
̧ͷһۣüΪ档
ˮͫٴ΢΢һ죬ʱɴ
΢΢ͷ˵һɣڼŵУԵɺϵõһıˮѾʮöӡЩ½ʹ˾жʮʱ䣬һÿһԣֱָ
ͷˣ͹ˡ
ûƴǣҲû˵¶ʮˮȫԼˣҲֲܳԼľʶơ
ʮӣһһҩ֮ҩЧǷӵޣֻҲԼĻ̵ָ֮һϡ
棬Ǿ˵ġ
Ȼ֪˾٣ضԼǷˮͫԳҪôܾܾ
Ͼ߰ʱָƣôҲȲ˵ġ
˵߰ʱЩʲôֻ»ӰٶȣͲò취
Ƿˮͫ飬ֻٻ
νлʮˮӼֵ֮ˮͫһȫԼˣֻҲԻá
һԺҲ޷ˮˣĴ۲ν
ȻҪݶܵ·¡
ʱ䣬ţˮͫż뵽ʲôӣҲٽȥһԣֶȴºࡣ
ÿγȻʧܣҲأһͻָ
ȴҲûнʯһֱĬĬ䡷еġˮ編ȡջָƣȬ
ϾܼӿһٶȾͼӿһ֡
һʮգһζš
ÿһգˮͫڹ̶ʱ䣬һˮࡣ֮ľʶָúܿ죬գ׶һ㱡ĹĤ
һϲĽ⼸׶ֻҪپʱ޲ָ
׶ҲӦС˺ֻܶ࣬гķȥָܻȫ
ֻľͬһƬûһ˿·Դ˵ʹˮӼֵˣھĻָƺҲ
ָֻܻʶĤڣѾޱȿϲĳɾ͡
ڶʮ졣
һ죬ˮͫӵеıˮȫΪҩϣľʶУԭճʮСС׶ȫʧԭضһǳһĤڡ
Ȼܶطʮִ仯ȴϲ쳣
ΪʶĲȫѾԷûˡ
𵤶һ©ľʶûôǣһľʶָľȴ⡣
뵱һսʩչȼ֢Ҫһ£Ƿô˵ҩָġ
֮ǰľʶ굤ľ֮ܲܲãٻָʱ䡣ֻǵתɾȴѡ
ʯ⣬һԥջǴӴͳװ굤Ľɫƿοƿеһ굤һ̣㽫̷ȥ
漴Ŀ
ƬʱֺϣٴӿһǿľϢ
ϢܣγһɾϵĻҳɽдҶˡ
ţ
һԣˮͫһߣؿһĻ
֮ǰʱˮͫ㷢֣ӦһһսʩչطأڶϾȻԺͻһսսʤ
ڣʶʧڣʶһֲȫȴֻˡ
ԭһжǵҩ֮
ˮͫ۾ڷڵϵĽɫƿһʱ˼
ƿУѾֻʣһҩˣôȻֵҩ˵Ҳޱ
ֻǣȽڼ徳ʿ˵һҩֲʲôˡ

ʱţ׼粻š
Լһʱڳغһ۾
һ̣۾ʯ͸һرĹ⻪Եôҫۣô
׻ָˣұ۷״̬ʱԼʤһ
һԼľ־һ٣ԼʶеľȻСɡ
ƺʶ˴̼ǱõȻ
źǣʹһ굤ԼʶΧıûȫָȻҪһʱ䣬ѭ򽥽Ĺ̡
ңֻҪϻʱ䣬Զ޸˵ֻҪӰԼսС
ʮˡ徳ʿʽʼдԼʮ죬ȥҪԤĸ·ʱ䣬ʣʱѾˡ
һǲ
һʱԥС
֮ǰʱѾָ۷״̬ҲԲǰȥԡ
ΪһεĸܣѾ̹ģԸپܵڶΡ
Ҳûٵõڶζʮˮָͷû굤ԭĻᡣ
ƿеĻ굤ѾֻʣһǰԼ˷ѵˣôҲԸԡ
پʶٴشõһ굤Ҳ޲
һؽȱϯ徳ޣòʳشдĻᡣ
ֻǣ⼸뵽һ취취ɹʻСԥԭ
ŵϽʣһĵƿһʱԾ
ˮͫЩѾ׷ˣΪԼʱڣսʤȸʯǾ߷ٸĻᣬԸɴȥԡ
Եİ취Ѿȫһһһ飬ܵõһƷطӰ֡Ѿ㣬²սʤʯٸҲԿˡ


701 â
ˣƴһƴ
Ƭ֮¶˾ģʵڲУߡ
뷨ȥѯˮͫˮͫȴûзκãϡ
ΪԵʯѾûκˣֱԣܴͨأȥһ۵ʯĿصĽƷҲҪˣֱܴȡߡ
֮Ҳû˵ʲôϢһ졣
Լĸ״̬ȫָ۷״̬֮ˮͫһǰһٴ߽˵ʯȸʯ
һΣˮͫͣսٸ
ˮͫİ취Ҳʮֺ棬ȻãҲⱧһ˿ڴ
ϾţһεĲҰܣްյ̡
һİգ
һ߽ٸʮɷΧȻ˫Ŀ֮˸߲ʹ⻪ǰУ۳һϽɫ췽ӡ
ӡ棬˸ʣϼ裬һɫ׵绷ƣɢһѹʮΨҶϢ
ӡ
һΣΪ˶Կ⾫ٸȻþ̼˫Ŀӡ·ݴۣν
⣬ҲһգԸǾ߾ٸԭ
Ϊӡ쳣أ⣬а취ԿǾ߾ٸ
Ȼ
һΣ룬Ǿ߾ٸٴλһȼ𣬱һ񹥻
Ȼʱӡȴˣ涸ȻϹһһֲľ˲סǾ߾ٸ
ʶеľԿֲٶţһɣɣɣĳɡ
ɾҲǿϲġ
Ǿ߾ٸӦܵķһ񲨷ȻھӡϹǰȴ·Ӥǰһ
֨
Ϣ󣬾ٸ⳹ǡͷ­λԲʱ飬ɢΪһ̳
ٸһ̶ίȥΪһѷ
飬ƺʧȥ֧ţûκιԡ
Ȼö飬ԼԴȪ֮ڣܷ൱ڷǿһľ飬ԲǷϧӡȥܱȡ
ܿ͹˲ЩΪžٸʧܣʶеľٴνӽɺԡ
֮ľӡ̶̼Ϣ䣬ȻͽʶӴľĵøɸɾ丵βʣ
ԺУٴδһʹĸоȻϴΣҲʹ
ҵæǿʹ˫ַӡȻ۵ǰϽӡ֮ϡ
ӡȻһȻ󼱾СΪһϹ⣬˫ۡ
ɫһףӡĿ˲䣬һѪǰһڣʲôҲ
һ£վæ˫ĿƬ̡
㾰ֻʱģϣͳһԪУȻæϥ£Ŀָ
ʱ֮۾ѾָȻЩɬȴûǰ۾ڵĸоˡ
ŷ֪ʱˮͫѾߣһźУɫӵؿ
ϲ㣬ĳɹˣ
ţ
̧ͷˮͫһۣĹϲαٿźУĪǣ
ˮͫȻЦսͨؽһμƷŽСâ
â
ɻ
ȴˮͫһƣֱӽźƵУ˵棬Լɡ
ûԥֽӹưס棬һƣʱԶ򿪣¶һӵͭŽ
ͭŽɫ弣߰ߣ֮һööǮ֪⣬ⰻȻԲ֪˶ˡ
Ȼ˾ʹСǾʹش
ֽ֣νʣϣ
˲䣬һâ𣬱˵ĺɢֻһδ˵µʯ֮ϣ˲߷ֿһĿֲۣʮɣľ
÷ĹŽ
״ɴϲֻһ̹ǣսƣƺҲȾ֮ɫë
â
Ŀ䣬λâ֣ҵֻ̣ӳȤȻϹ׭ģȻǳƴ
Īǣ
Ȼ뵽һ£Ȼƣ۵˲۳һɫķ֡
ֽ֣һڿǳɫֵ˲䣬âһ£൱ڰƷ۳ɵķ֣Ȼ¡ȻһͬѲиһ޴Ŀӡ
Ȼָרƻ֣˽ԣǾ֮
˲۾뵽պ˽֣κ˵ķֻҪﵽƷѵס徳ʿ޻ȡöǮİգִࡣ
Ȼ˵ս֮ϣֲһУʤģкܶء
ʣԶһ˵֮أһ˵ķһͬ裬Ǻ̫ˡ
˴˽ֱսϡ
磬Ϊʵһ˲ҵսâļֵ
μƷ֮
սʣŻعźУԥһ£ˮͫ
˵ˮ֮ͫǰ˵ܴأ۵صĽʲôУŽļֵ̫شˣҴ˵ˮͫԼǰԼһ׶Լʵڲռ˹صı
ˮ֪ͫ뷨΢΢һЦȻ˫һҾЦϲӣϲŽ绢徳ʿϣһŹʣΪϾ
ţ
һ£ˮͫԣԾǱʾǰ˵ĻŽȻŵԣ˽С
һ£ûԥ޹Ľջ٣ȷҪһýԼʵˮͫзҲѷɫâ٣ջ£봢֮С
漴һУжһųӣݸˮͫȴǽ֮ǰһͨؽǿŻϵ䱦ת͸ˮͫ
ˮͫУ֪޷ƴǣҲ£˽Դϲ


702 ˷
ͨѷ֣ˮͫõƷطӰ֡Լϵת顱ôμƷâ˭ҲС
Բɣ˶ˮͫĳŵ
ȻûԸõ߻ָݣ춨֮ԵǿӰ֣ת飬âڣջѾԶδؾ߻ָĺˡ
ֻ˵ǻԵδ˵˵ظû߻ָĺھ
ʯ˾ֻżȻõ߻ָһݲоԷڵһΪȻ˵ͻں漸أ
ȻˮͫҲûġ
ĵһĻ굤ˮͫʧȥһ޼ףһľ鵤񵤡ΪĵʮˮӣҲʧء
ʧֲʲôˡ
һۣ˭Ҳ֪ʯеĹٸʲôʱָҲʯ˵ĸ뷨ʱҲڴ˵ؾˡ
徳޿ʼڼǱ֮ڵ֮ǰϵǡ
ԣһ˿棬˲̤ʯʯʯ֮ǰ
ʯǲˣǰûлˮְͫǵʯϵ˫ʱʯ¸¡򿪣һƬĻҳ
ˮͫüһ䣬ҳɨɢ
ù˰Σȷһǰһ󣬳ֽ䣬ʯС
Ȼ֪һѾȥӦʲôΣգһ򣬾һ
˵죬ԲŸСĽ˿⡣
Уǰһ󷽵ĵŴһֻ׹ٸɵϲ˻ҳԲ֪ķ˶ˡ
ңһĸƣƺЧãȥôãҲûһ˿ָļ
ҿһۣǰ㻹ãֻн׹ٸڵĵطɱһݣطԱһɿֲľƺڶ⣬׵׵ƻˡ
ף
˿˼ۣȻһ֮ʯ֮ϣһ޴ѺۣһмһԶ̣ϸȻµĺۼһֲֻצצۡ
ǣ
߽һȻ֪ȥƾ£צ֮УȻɢ˿˿ŰֲϢƺ˿˿ɫħ
˲΢
ʯȻǱһֻ֪ʲôצԶ٣ѹֽ׹ٸܸԭʯһ٣ʯĸƱ㲻Ч˰ɣȻǵǿһ̽׹ٸ
Щʧǹצ޵ǿֲҲԲһ׹ٸɶź
漴һЦҲǲףʹ׹ٸƾ˵ʵĵ϶Ҫսսʤû˿ϣ
ôһ룬ֺܶˡ
߰ɣ
ٴ˼ۣȷûֱ֣ӿ˵
á
ˮͫҲͷһۣȻûͣЯ뿪˹ŵȻֱˮɽתŴ½вǶȥ

ǡ
µһǣǷ
¸ظ챦˾޼֣ϳǻۣµһ
ˮͫʮյ·̣һգҫ糾߽ʱЩп
ˮͫ˵һνµһǣȴô򵥣̫ļ䡣
СңʱȴǸײ常ţ
Ǹʱ߽ж˾һƬɫֱ常Ϻɳɱ׷ɱ밧ɽУ׹żþӡһУſʼı䡣
ҲͻƣڳӦɽУ췣Ϻɱɹ츸ס
뿪ʱ˵ӽԺҲûһˡ࣬һˣҲգ
ʱΪԶ
ֻǰƲԾԣ˭Ҳû޳ӳȥ棬һ·󣬷˽Ͼʿ϶Źʵġ
ʱǱįԱĹâɣǺεȵķ̣Ǻεȵı
ʱ꣬ٻش˵أȻΪ˲μ徳ʿޣ޵һ̨
뵽нգǵҲôɣ
ֻϧûм裬һй㶼̡پɵأĺЩѰЩ¾ڳС
һҿջס£ҹʱ֣ȻƴӿջԾ£˲ʧӰ
Ƭ̺ٴϽֵǰ
Ȼ̫಻£Ҳá
ҪǣĸףǸʳͨеġ۹彫ѪǸһһˣһĴڣҹ飬ݾ󣬵ָָ´£ŻѪΪ۹ܷ裬ϻ꣬պս
ҲһӶ
μȻΣҲٿһ۸һӾסĵط
ֻǣվǰһ̧ͷȴȻס
ǰĸܣ˳Ե
ڣǰĺʯʨڣȴգ߲ͭϣ˻ҳƺûд򿪹ˡ
£֩
ɴ㵣꣬µѪȻͱģˣ׷ʲô£


703 ǰ
ʱһһֹȥվǰһ
ټڣʱûκεƹ⣬κһƬţ·һƬ
ɣȴѾбƣ˪ܵĺۼûбȡߣӦ˾η˰ɣ
ĬĬ롣
ֱһҹ紵ŶȻ̧ͷ۾֮кһ˲˾һݣͬһֻƮƮľͳз˽ȥ
ڣɵƻԻͣҲ
˿̼ȻļˣҲûʲôˡ
ôһ̽һ׷˺£Ҳ뿴Լףվסĵط
󣬸ǸоˣһһͥԺǰûκסĺۼЩطҰݣɰѸˡ
ֱԺۼķһͰԺУһƾɵ߷ڣɵһյСС͵ơ
ӦǾסĵطΪԺֲĻԵݹڰСĵƹͼҲѹûз
ţȻˣ
۾΢УԭҪֱԺȥȴһתǼƹСԺƮÿһӶʮɵľ룬֣е˻ֻΪˡ
ٶȣգ۹򣬾ʹﵽСԺ֮ǰһһ֮˫һҽ𹴣ͷȴȥӴУӰ
һˣڲΡΡĸ͵ͣűͲǺܴȴǰ˼ʮꡣ
ͣվ˼һƺҪȥˮ
̧ͷȻͷƫһ£Ƽ˵̲סһʧ˳Ϲܼң
УλͲϵˣȻȥϹܼҡ
һʱ䣬ɻ뵽꣬صǵգŽգֻһϹܼҡϰɽʱ߳ʺ䣬Ȱȥ͵óͷֻûա
ڣΨһоеůˣҲԼ̫УԱԼĶһϻ硱ɣıɱˡ
ӦɽϣԼĹ餣ϵӦɽԼĶ帴ֻΪʲôָ
е𾪺ɻ󣬵һϹܼҡڣ֪Ҫ㣬Ȼڵ˺Ȼ̧ͷ̽ͷ˭˭ɲǶСܹ֮ҴĵطһשһߣʹƴϰɽϹͷҲӦ
Ĭһ£иж
ԭɢһˣػ
Ҳ˶ˣһЩû˹עҲ˸оЦ˾
ԥһ£ڣǲƮ䵽֮ǰ˰ΣȻʮһϹܼңң
㣬ǣ
Ϲܼҵ۾ǻǵģǣҲô
۾Ȼǰ˵֮ǰһ°Ӱصָָ㡭ǣСү
Ȼǰˣݴ󷽣ٷûеµӣַǣ־ǿǰʣȴԶܸı䡣
ŵ壬ҡ
㣬Сү
˲ΡΡĴӷܳǰ
Ǹ׵꣬ڶñһͷˣټ͸ֻ䡣һ㲻ľϲͼ
û㣬Сү㣬ڻˡūþãþãΪԶҲȲˣ
ȥȥգֻѾߵ̫࣬˺þãš
ˣһᣬǰζӳ¡
ȻкܶҪʣʱȴʲڡֻĬĬذӶ£ͷ˴ֲڸɿݵƣϣȻϱӲȴǰů
ʮҲů
㣬СүˣҲ׳ˣãã
鶯촽˵˰죬ŷӦæݣүʲʣūȥ㵹ˮ
һסذһ̫ʦϣͷ֣صص壬ʡܸҽЩ꣬ô𣿡
ţ
˵ѾûˣȻᣬȴôҲһԼӡ˰Σڲˣ⣬ȴһ̧𣬷·һһ£ȻŴ⣬૵صôģ
ããܼүūһҲͲˣҲڶԵүࡣȻүˣū͸ү˵˵
ǵУʾ֮ɫƵؽһܵ


704 ϺԺ
ԭ֮꣬Ͼƺϵδ䡣
һҹ˻УһöϢ飬˵һ죬Ҵ˾ͽúţ˵ܾһ
֮ܡϺ¶֮ϹܼҾѾϵôһ졣֮⣬ɴ̿׷ɱ֮󣬾͸Ϲܼ䡣
ǣһҹ̷¹Ϣ飬ͬ
ϺɳĴ̿ͻΪǷԾҲû̫֤࣬ȷѾûϢȷѾ֮󣬾ͽӵ˳⣬ݲᡣ
ҵ˵ʬ壬ҲΪѾ䱸˹餣Ӧɽ
ֱ뿪֮գϢЧʧȥŷԼһľ֮С
ΪѪĴܼңϰɽҲһͨˣõ𿪹餻ûʲôģص⣬һСԺס
ֻʱȥϺҲɱ˶˵ǱӦԼֶλһ£ҲΪţ÷з
ձʥʣҲţŭ֮£ʥּȡλţֻĺպչѫ֮£ǱԭլԺ
ֻǣҵӣһ£ȴǷֱȨ֮£ܿɢ
ټѹûʯңܿ챻һЩŪķѣҸ֧һݲƲɢߡ
ʱһûţϾЩ֧̰լԺɲԸ뿪
ֻǾʱַһ¡
һҹһҵӣ͵롰ϺϸܣȡһЩ䱦ȻլУҵӽ̽Ҳɥ
֮˷ϾסԺУҹ̹֮áȥˣΪߣһһȥ˵Ѻֱֹ
𡰾Ϻ췣̣֮ҷĵ㺮ҲͣԼҲͬ³׷ȥˣټһլԺء
ֻϹܼһ֮飬סԺСլУңСˡ
ΪֹĴţҲûһЩ۵˸ҴУԽԽԽԽţҰݶߣԺɳտⷬģ
Ϣ飿լԺֹ
֮һΪʲôϹܼҾȻԭΪһϹ챦
˵ֹϢ飬ڵڵӵ֮ܣ˶ݵıּ״̬ϢϾͬߣһºԶʮ졣
ֹϢҲƵʹãһöϢֻһΣ˼󣬱˵ǹʬٻǾͲǼˡ
Լʹ֪汦Ҳ˸õġ
ȻõһöҲףҲ͡ϾΪʳºպչѫˣлԵõһöû뵽Ȼʹ͸λϹܼҡ
ϹܼĹһ棬Ҹҵô챦ҲȻˡ
ҶĸҲʮֻϲϾܣǳ֮⣬Լ׽֮һˡ
ţҲʹԼĸף˶վˣԶǵġ
ֻǣɽⷬģΪլԺֹƫƫǡϺסլԺɫֱе죬˼
Уǲʲôܣ
ֱΪֻûô򵥡
Щҹλأ˼£ʵҲûɹΪʲôϵºͷȤһˣֻ̣Ϊλ̳ȨͶԼ֮⣬Ͼɱ
Ϊʲôԭ򣬸ıŵһϵķ
뵽ˣϽʵ壬нȥϵԺ𣿡
ûнж壬ΪԷ䡣ǣ飬Ҳ˽Լоõһš
ûС
룬ҡҡͷСүǧȥʵūҲ͵͵۲Σ棬ÿҹŨصʱ򣬵ȷйֿХҿƮǣūҲҿЩһֱסԺ֮Уǲҿ̫
ԭˣȥ
ȰסˣټϹܼȻҲеʵվһͨˣΪҲ͵Ų㣬ԪѨڵĴܱȡ
˼Ȱֻһ۾ūСүȥūһѻˣѲںգСүᣬܼСүңūһѾˣūǰٷСүһء
ˣűǡ
뵽ˣԥһݣѾΪƮգ۳šϺסϺԺƮȥ


705 ħ
ʱٶȣ̶룬գۼ
ܿ죬һûʵɫԺ֮ǰ
ϺԺ壬Ϻǰסĵط
ƮŻͤмɽˮһɣٻ
ֻǴʱطᣬӲݴԭֲܣһһήȥΪࡣ֮ϳܲȥԭ¡
ЩĿ꣬һֱƮԺһʮָ߹Ļĸ¥
С󡱡
ϾסĵطȻһլԺƽʱĵطլԺߵ¥󡪡
ǰһƬȻϹܼ˵һһ˵أһϢֶܵ¶Ե⺮䡣
Ҳ΢ݡ
˵عȻͬѰ
˵ЩլԺеˣҲͲǴ˵ˡ
ǣϳһ֣̤
֨ѽһصľŻ򿪣žҹУԵ̶Щ־塣
Ϊ̤롣
һ¥¥¥¥ûʲô
ߵһ¥ûʱޣ
ĴһۣŴգҹ紵Уôз
и֣һƣһ˨߲¥źȻǰ
أء
һ򿪣ʱһ˳Хۻ
װŪ
״мһߣȻһָһ˲ȼ˸¥ԭδȼ򣬵ƹ
Ȼһ̣޴ķٴ˳ΪһֻٴϨ𣬸޷ȼ೤ʱ䡣
״ֱӿħͫ۾ΪһԵ̾ͫ¥ɨ˹ȥ
ˣ¥֮ڣܡ
ǽϣĹŻһź񵭽ëĻʯΣǧ̴ľľϰڷһƽ¯
ʹȥټã¯УƾζȻǡϺȼ¯
÷ȥڲκ쳣ǿˡħͫȫһˡ
׵ؿ¥֮ϣһɫ󣬲˸Ϸֻ֮а֮˸ƺ
ħ󣡡
һۣϳ󷨵
˵һЩа֮ˣԼסס֮ڣһ󷨡ôʹӤѪ͡
ճڴ֮ʵߵûἫ죬£΢ĸıһ˵ʣʹӽ塣ħ֣˵һС
£ΪԼħˣȻ޷ȴ
ЩΪħֻҲǴŪˡ
Ϊ˹Ũһ̶ȣħѰһȻƲסħӶڴ˵أ⡣
ʲô£۳һ˲ͽħճɻҽ˲ֹϢֹħҲױƻУƺȻһ壬ʲôƣϢ˲룬⡣
ӵģȴʲôħ󣬶Żص
ȻҲ˽أֻͻȻΪذϿ̻ħ󣬴˵Ҳûܴ룬Թȥ꣬˵ؾȻܱԭûб͵ߡ
ʲôƷϵ֮Դ
뵽˴ٲԥһ̤֮УȻһӣŻ߷ֿ¶һ衣
Уöεľʯɢ̵Ĺ⻪ô˵أͬɭǳ
ֻһۣ̲ס۾͵һƵغħ

үˣû°ɣ
̤㿴һģǵȴϹܼҡ
˿ֹȫ߳ǷһٶʮģֻЩǣͷһۡ
û¡
۾صһ£ֵԺﲻֹĴˣ룬ʱԽȥ
ûˣ
һŵı飬ʵСү浽׷ʲô£
һУȻо͸ֳöɫξ壬֮ᴫֹĴԣУΪһħ󣬺öʯ
ʲô
ϹܼȻʶ㣬վɵˣһЩ䱦棬˽úҪһЩ޵еı˽⣬ȻͲˡ
ڵΪħ޵һʮϡٵľʯаһȾܱɱаħͷײϣԴ䣬ħʿΪԵ챦֮һ
öħƷʶΪ쳣һһλħʿУֱѡ
үôֶ
ϹܼҲ۾ֱ૵صƯŵ龧ʯֱֻ
ȴˣ֮£⡣
ħҲΪõħʼűŤԣһ̲жײϵħͷ
һУҪˣȻ˽һУֻǰ£һ糾̣Ҳֵһ㡣


706 аӢ
ͣ˰Σڿڵ壬Ҫˡ
ԶʱˣүҪȥ𣿡
ˣﲻӦôĵط
ҡҡͷħ룬ӴȡƿǰûʲôãԪԵüĵҩݸߡ
壬Щҩƿ¡ŬлᣬͻƻԪһԪμ棬һСС⡣
㡭
˭֪ϹܼȴûнӣСүȥүѾˣүȥūȥźүһӡ
ҩƿӲУҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ޵絶⽣ӰȻѾƽֺαΪȥ绳걼пգǻٻġ
˵꣬ٲͣתۻΪһҹ⣬ʧӰ
׷죬ֹסֻܻΪһ̾ϢįصԼڵСԺ
Ҳ֪صջ֮£ƻһҹδ
ֳöħ۾һƺ׷˼֮С
û䣬û̫Ĳ
뿪һգѲµ
ڶ塰ϡεõöħֱɺǰģģͬ¡
ǰţҹֻʣ廳
ҹ֮նǰԵϴȥ顣
Ӵˣֻλӣ޵綦ſ֮һ

ڶһ磬ˮͫƿţһ𣬹һǡ
֪ҹȥ£Ҳ֪һҹ̣Ҳ⡣
徳޻ʱ䣬ǰȻڴ˾סһʱ䣬ʱٲ£ϴλҲûþʹҴȥûܹµһǵķҲʹӦ
ڴϣ˳Ħ࣬Ӻꡣͷֵ̿õǣһַ
ڽϣ˿˲ٴӴ½ػĶ֣Լء칤ɽаɽ꣬ţ¥
˴żʳۣظ֣ҵӣɢޡ
һʱ䣬УƽΪϵرЩԹһԲ֡
Щеĸ֣ǰԼޣʤ
Ϊ徳ʿ޿ʼڼʳִʱѲߣЩ˵ѹƣû̫
ˮͫһ·һЩ̣ʱ֣ҲЩˣǶ࣬ϵһľ¥¥ȥ
һ¥Ϊʱѽ㣬һ¥ˣСֱӽΪߵ¥ҪһƣСˣ
˵Ұ¾ǲκˮ紵СƣҲһ⾳
Եһ룬Ȼ¥ݿٴ߽ӣһռһǣƲ˺˵һ£ˮͫԾȣ
˵ûУаɽϸ·䣬źֶΣټһȺţаɽķ̳а䣿
Ҳ˵ˡҾźֹа䣬׽֧аĳϵȫɱ֮ǰаɽ㷢ӢӢºаɽɽаħгֽ䡣
ֽаɽļλ䣬ߵôаɽƷаŽ˵
İźôӣаףڤС֮һĴڣаɽһɽߡǧ״ӡǧû̳аɽȵû뵽սһۣڵġߡǧﵱսаɽ˴ңҲͲΪˡ
ǰǰǧﲻѹţа̳аɽ϶û⡣βͬǧսǰҲûָ̳ˡȻҶ֪Ŀ϶ĵа䣬סԸźǧǿΪܵõȫڻԴӶܳܵջ󣿡
ûоźҲа˺߰һֻܹаãʦսսӦóΪһδ֮һĶ콾ȴɥ֮Ȯ֪ӵ
ţҲ˵ˣźټһȺ˷䣬ҹаأа侯Ӧ˾ź°ɡˣҲˣӶݲûа취ȥаɽĴλˡ
ºаɽӢ۴ᣬǧľֽٰ䣬ӷΪаɽɽʢ£ǲɴһҪ
ãʱͬȥ֮꣬Ȼܿһλɲˡһȥ
ãû⡣õʱ徳ʿ޽ƵʱӦûкܶϵɡֻǲ֪һֽᣬ᲻ʲôⷢ


707 ͨ壬̨
аɽźǧģа䣬ֽ䣿
˵ýζһԣˮͫҲǲüͷһ塣
ǧģаȵ֣ȻİټһаɽǸǴ˶Ĥ
ʣΪ°˴󶥼֮һаɽһֱһĴڣ±˳֮ΪµһڡһаɽаһɣҲǰ˴УΨһаɡ
ţǧаڵڶʱڣڵǻ칤ɽڣ
ߡǧսаɽаɽеһǧɣȻԭ׵¥
˵סҲսǵס֡ʦп˼䣬ȻϣãֻҪûмʬ壬ϣ
ĿǰȻû䣬ɵ
Ͼ˭Ҳ²׼λµһˣʦǲѾѾͻ׾ɹ
ǰаգǺߣ£ʣһԾϣΪµһš
ϾʵΣ̶ߣֵסһλ׾ǿߵĹһλףԵ߸һС
аɽȴĿǰ֪УȷȷʵʵʧȥǿĶţаɽû䲻ɱ⣬Ҳû˸Сɡ
Ϊаɽɽߡǧλ벽ʮλѨ֣ңһǧ̨ؽۼȫԴƸ
һаɽٳһλаɽʵǻԾԭλ
ֻǣǰ֮λɷǧĵӣƷ桱а̳Сֻǣǧһоͱòȷˡ
аϾǺ󱲣ʵռϷ磬аɽļλ̫ϳϣȴٹ̣ӵпµ
һλڵǿѹţǲȤκ
Ϊ˭ʵǿ󣬶ǷǧĶ֣ǿŤתֻԼͬҷ
ڣǧʹſȫԴ֮
˵֮λأܿƣǽջ󣬾ûܹ
ԣ˫ջһκһ޵Կ⣬ЩƴȨʵǿĸ̫ϳϣȻ޶ԡ
аɽ֮䣬ʵڱСϢˮͫȻеԾȴȴκ⡣
Ψһ¶˼ǣ˽а䣬϶һ֮
ս֣ҲԿʵǿԳȼ㣬ıǣ֮ţȻڳţִ
źûһνɱ߲亦ֻºĳֽ䲢ǰƽֻҪδֻаһٳ֣ضаɽȨ
аʵȻѷɫźǧһǣֻҲûԶ
սϣѴﵽѨ壬ڣֻѽ벽ƾսϻõľ޴Ƹջ񣬼ϾʣֻʵѷɫźǧĶ١
Ψһģ֧߶ѣһ
ϾͣôҲܺ;Ӫõǧȡ
һս˭ʤ˭Ҳ²𰸣ֻĿԴˡ

徳ʿޣֻܹʮ˲μӡ
ϱУ徳ʮˣӦʮʳΪٰߣеȨ
ʽμӶޣǰʮĻʳ֮⣬ʳӵȨԲսԱӦʮˡ
ʮˣʤʮף徳ʿޣʱ䲻̫
죬һܣȻֳʤˣºаɽٰĳֽ䣬һνϳʱ䡣
徳ʿ޺ʳأд忪ʱ䡣
д忪ʱԼΪһ£ˣʹӴдгаɽʱҲ´ࡣȻźҲǿǵ㣬ԲŰѡֽ䡱ʱ䰲º
Ҳμ徳ʿޣʳشдгԼҲȥ
аˣĪЩ죬һ˿ļɵ
ڵսϣڶħȪУаħǧΪУаһΪŹ֣͸
ԣȻĿǰ˵ܶ˶ΪǧռţܾãĽܵƺܶ˵۾
Һãʱ仹磬żԼӴд˵
뵽ˣҲͲ£ˮͫҴҳ꣬йһ£˵ˣصջ漴ŲٴԼĹ
徳ʿԽԽȻʯһУõһμƷŽʵǣǣԲұ֤һ
ԣʱ䣬ҪһԼĸ
ǵƷ½׹һʱʹã׹һ۷ĲΣذٳսʱǿʱ
ֻʱ̫̣ʱڣٴͻƵڶڣ˴¿ʱβܣԺ˵ֻҪճȼɡ
ûб仯ʱҲûʲôֻͬҪǿԼӰٶȣӷ
ĿǰҪǿĲݣǡǡͼžͼʮںϣĿǰΪֹֻںϵʣµʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ƵĽ
ټǽ𽣣ԼյõֵĴμƷâȽϾʿʱʵɴǡ
һʱ䲻ϵѨ۷ֽһ׷Щ֮ӣһ֣Ҳĵ֮ڡ
ټȼ⣬ľһ֮߻ָʵĿǰѾﵽһ۷̶ȣţԼʹܽǰǰ壬٣ǰʮٲ˵ġ
ʱתۼţһգڣ徳ʿʽʼ
һ磬ͱˮͫ⣬һϵɽ壬ͨϡ
徳ʿޣʺ̳ܣڶľٰ죬ǺµķһƵ˳⡣
ͨ嶥̨ޣʤս


708 콾ϣ
ʱ˿̣ͨϣѾڶ֡
½˷ŵӣ׷׻һá徳ʿǰʮˣҲһһȴǩսĿʼ
ս֮ˣ筲˷
ͨϣӰᤣǹսߣģ֮ϾʿʱֻҪսԱࡣ
徳ʿ޵Ӱ
ܶŸ߲㣬ڹս̨ϣȴʮһ޵ʢ¡
ˮ̨֮ͫĿһɨϽǣһ
ʤѩǶɣǧУʥȣϾʿʤˣ
ȻϾʿʤʮӵλˡ
ˮͫ״Ҳ˹ȥλ֮ʤѩЦ˵˵ͷǶɣʥʦūȣȻҲ죬ǻӭɫ
ϾʿϣǶ֣ȴǴϾսľϾ徳еݵλ
ԣʱ˿̣ĵ϶ǵʿһֹ衣
ڽʿսбֵʵԽǿԽߣԽۣԽˡ
˲սİˣĿһɨλĺ󷽿̨ϣħ£˾ϣֵܣǺӣԨ˵Ӱ
Ȼϵͣûвսʸ񣬵ʢᣬҲ
ֻһս֮ˣЩ걲ıƴУҲջԼĸ
ԴˣֵʮֵȻ֪ǻҲûʲôֵıˡ
ǿˣ
Ŀ΢ɨĿʤѩǶɣǧеӹÿ˵ƣǿҲˡ
ȻֹˮͫнЩˣϾʿ޵ĽҲн
УʤѩǶɣˣ
ʤѩϣһ׹⣬罣ֲתʮֿ£ǶɺУϵ֮ŨˣƺҪ˻ȥΪޡ
üĵĳɫѪɢһǿϢ֮ĵȻһ֮УԵΪǡ
ˣв磬ͬԽ֮ǰֻǽûԡ
漴ֿս̨
սֱ̨ӦģǶʿޣʿޣʿޣԼоʿʤĶ֡
ȱǶֱǹͣǿƵһ졣
˻ǲٰ
Ŀ⣬ڶʿ޵ս̨ɨĿ΢΢һ̶¶һ˿΢Ц
Ȼ˼ľˡ
Ӧѩ飬ͫʫ˪Ԫ˼
λ
Ҫ֪ʿޣʿУΪпǿһףһΣȴһ˽ռ֮һ࣬Ͳòˡ
꣬ڣûô
Ҫ֪ţǱյҪǿöˣһҲʵǿơ
ǵĵӣҲűʿ޵Ĵǰѳ֣һ죬ȴƵ˹
ĩβռ࣬β꣬ڵӡ
УӦѩĽ룬֮⡣
ʵͽɿ죬츳ͬʱţʵȴһԶ֮ǰʵɿ죬Ҳ
սʱԼδĶ֣ս֮ʱֻʮɹһƷ˿סһݽͨơ
Ʒѩǿ󣬲Զ
ʱһ£ϻ䣬ѩʹվڶʿʤʮУҲǳͣȺ
ӦʦҲˣˣֻҲ˰ɣ
תͷʿ޺濴ȥ뿴Ӧѩ飬Լͫʫ˪Ԫ˼ȼˣ󣬻ûϤĵǰս
ȻһȥʱϤӰ
봨ȱɪǧģŮɢƺ񣬡൶Ѻѣһ⡱ǧ޻ڡѩ÷ȵȵȵȡ
⣬ǰϽһʱġڰԴȻҲС
û뵽쾹Ȼͬʱ˷ֱϺӦѩ飬ˣʮϲȻûϹȥкǳǱߵ˵ͷ
ǼӣϾʿ޵ս̨֮ϣ֪Ļʲô֪ģ׷׷ѽ𾪵
ʦôϾʿ޵ս̨ϣ
ѵμϾʿ޵ľսɹʤǰʮôܣ
Ȼ֪ʵ˵⻰ģĶӵһˣ봨
봨ȱɪǧģŮɢƺ񡭡ˣƶӣʵǿμսʹ˵һܽǰʮҲмĻᡣ
ϧ佥ûʸֻΪսԱ
봨ɪģƺȣһĵӡ
Ѿ붥ӷ룬ԭĶӵһˡҺսϣڡ봨˳λΪһӡ
Ϊ˴ֺ̫עʱ£ԶϾʿϱ䣬һٴǰʮĴ¶֪
ֻϾʿʤս̨Ͽ˳Ծ̲סʵ
徳ʿֻʮµĵӣѾʮˣͣԲܲμӡ


709 콾У
Ǻǡ
봨⣬һֿòʮͨٿȴʣЦݵˣȻ˵ʦСλʦˡλȥҪŶӰֻҪһˡ

봨ɵۡ
˵ڵĶӵڶ޲ߡɪ
ȻΪڶඥΪǿһУҲ
˳ƵģȴΪ۹⣬޲ߡһ㡱֣һ䡰޲ߡѾ˵һС
ϿɵĶз̵ġ
Ȼ˵ǾʹмֿܣΪĶӵһˡ
˵봨ôںӵһϾͣΪºòʲôĽʮ붥ݣҲһλʵȨϣ߸¡
ԣںеܳ޼֮飬ֻǻе㲻̫ţƾһ󱲵ӣôѡ
ĸߴ󣬼ֺж濴ûκĻɵ
ϾʿϽǰʮôӵһҲա
ɪģƺȣҲͬͣǰսȻͣȴ˵ʢᡣ
ǣλλӽ붫ǰʮټϾǰʮһλΧǲģʮ֮һ
սǲݴ
ȺУֻС൶Ѻѣһ⡱ǧ޻ڡѩ÷ȣȽϤܴϴǰʮǸ߸ϵĵҲеΪԾ
ɽ֮ʱǻڲУڣ̶һʱ䲻ȴô࣬ǲѡ
ǸģΪˣͬʱҲ̾ǰˣ̨Ǽ緢˵ӣǾ͸оԼô꣬ȫǰ׻ˡ
ǻԾǸǧѩ÷ʵΪǿѺѣܴһǰʮǰʮǰʮǲ룬ǰȫûܡ

սȺУڶ󶥷Ӷĳ𾪣ʵҲԶս̨ߣʱӵĳеȡ
Ӧѩܽǰʮþȡ
Ϊ콣壬һΪ͵ţ֮£ټа벽ġ콣ˡԭ׻׻̵벻ǿѡ
ս֮ʵͬôһ㲻Լ
ȻҲջ
ܴϾǰʮӦѩܴ붫ǰʮ֡
ֻǣѾΪһʱ䲻ܼأȻֵø˵顣
ͫȻһ죬ͫȴһλʦټ츳ӵ̶̼ͫ꣬ѾԽӣֱ׷ӦѩһЩ֮ӡ
ΧȻܣǲˡ
ֻǺǣҲս˶ѡ
Ӧѩ飬ͫ⣬ʫ˪Ԫ˼ͳ˵۾ˡ
ʫ˪ԭҲƶһУᣬպöʮţȴǡûг徳ʿ޵ޣܲμӡ
ֻʵӦͣƯһֻɫȻˡ
ڤѪ
˵һѨʵ꣬пͻƷ
ȻʺСѡ
ڣϵѹȻҲѴﵽѨ۷徳硣
ټͬΪѨ۷徳ʫ˪֣Ѩ۷ΧһˣܴӶôпľӱΪǰʮҲͲˡ
һˣȸᵶԪ˼ȻҲܴ붫ǰʮ̫˼ˡ
ͬһţƽʱΪ͵ֻͨСȣһˣаؿʧ٣ٳʱˣٴ
ɵȵڴʱ˼µٴγ֣ͻ˻Ԫһ˵۾ԵڶʮĳɼƽĻ
һˣϴ͸ʧ٣ˣؽʱ̣ȴͻȻ֣һˣעѾܾˡ
ֻЩ꣬伣ΪߣҲͽûаϡ
ȵʱȻٴγ֣ҺȻԶǰʮҫĿɼ徳ʿ޵̨
ƾҲʵˣ
š
΢УһζһΧûô˷ܣֻǲ֪µս᲻лᣬһϳ̣
ᣬҲԷϵܡ
ϧһ£ÿδ˶ǻͷβʱˣ䳡ʱƽڣڤԨʱˣֻΣҲ⡣
Ծϧ
ҡҡͷĿԪ˼ƿ򶫾ʤӡ
ĿǰЩʱ򣬸Ͻ۲һʣľĶ֣սԼҲиס
ˣڳڵӣӣһһλ֪ظ֡
УעģʣǡһҶ֪ҶԼ񵶹ӡаˡ
ֵӵĶ֣ǡһҶ֪Ҷǡ񵶹ӡаǳѾãӦѩ±֮ϡ
ֻҲûвμӹһ徳ʿޣףڤˣһ죬ǴŹâ֮ա
оҶơȻΪƷս֮һýʮɹһƷһϹŴף᰽
֪һʱȥ⡰᰽ʲô̶ˡ
Ϊڴʦ֣Ϊŵϯ֮һҶܲӡ
аͬС
ʦ֣š񵶹ӡϰġߵտ쳣սýʮɹһƷ鵤ġԪ׵һصͼף޵
һ޵Ҳнĵֻ±øӿˡ
һս̨𣬱Ī⣬оҶаӦѩ֮ӣҲԪ˼Ǹ֪֣˲²ⲻ͸
⼸ˣˣȴͨࡣ
Ȼܽ붫ǰʮһҲûͨߣʱ۹вģȻԲƣû̫ϣɨһ۱ӹ
ȻҲųоûصĸֻ֣ħͫһ㲻ῴ˶ѡ
Ŀ⣬֮ɨս̨Ǳߡ
ʿʤǰʮ֡
칤ɽаɽ󶥼ɴڴˣ֣ͬҺӡ


710 콾£
ʮǿ֮УһۿģḡѪˡ
ḡ칤ɽϯӣᣬȴѾӵ˾Ϊ
ʮ֮ǰͲμӹһʿޣҺȻ֮׵
ʱŲʮ߰ͣȴףڤᲢۡ
⣬Եһ徳ʿޣֻʱĴͻᴫ£λߺ֮УҵλԲ͡
ʮȥףڤȶʧȥʸȴֻжʮ߰꣬ٲμһ죬ǺεȾ˵ʵ
һÿʿһҲһβμ徳ʿ޵ʸ
Ϊʮʱǡӵ˿֮ƥʵͻᣬ򣬼һʮ꣬ܶ˾ѾʮޣȨٲμӡ
ףڤõЩţˡ
ȴһǡʮʱӵǴλᣬҺȻӵʵ
һ֮ףһΣٴβμӣҴսвж󣬲Զ
оḡǴ˴Σ徳ʿϣϵ֣Խ˾ҶаʤѩǶЩˡ
Ϊ˴ѹʵ̫ˡ
ϣƺ˿ۼһ£ѣЦ棬ʮһСŮʤߣ뿪һξ룬·Ը
ʵǲԸǲңЩӣû˵塣
һˣаɽһĽܳӣӡѪġ
ڴˣҲȽϤ
ʱͼˣ˵аɽĵ֮һ츳ֻ֮ܳаһ֮¡ͣȴа仹Ҫöࡣ
Ȼа徳ʿûһΪаɽ䣬ˣ䲻
ҲΪμӹһޣһΣǡù꣬ûʸ
Ȼа֣ӦǱḡҪ˾㤵Ŀ´ڡ
а䲻֣Ѫľһ죬аɽʤУǿĴڡ
ڳϣҲףӦѩˣ֮ǰ
Ӧѩ飬ռĳɷݣȻһġ
ֻһ֮ʮֲ
һΣаɽսѪһѪɫΪǿƥ˸еֲѹȻḡ١
ΨһϧͷѪħָѾսȥʧȥ֣ԵЩį
ˣҲһСȽḡѪˣȴЩˣһӹա
Ͼʮ֮һ
ĿǰϾʮǿΨһ⣬ġǧ۹ӡûϾһΣпֻо˲ս
һҲȻ𱻱ħħʹڶĵػʹ󣬶Ҽù⡣
ȳ˱ʮǡơѾΪ޵ĹУҹȻ徳ʿϳֻ֣µȴģͲǸŵĺɱˡ
û֮⣬ϸһ룬ȴ֮С
֮󣬽Ǳ
ֻһţڱս̨ʮǿУֿ˼ϤӰ
ɴʣҶɣ
ɴʣΪ˾ͽм֮⣬һǿ˵ӣڱս̨⣬սһٴڴᣬǸеһĪϲ
ЩģǸո𲻹£˵Ҫͻư벽ȻصҶɣȻҲŵӣǣҺȻʤ֮һʸμ徳ʿޡ
֮ǰûвμӹʿޣλʸģ
һ룬漴ҲףֻУˡ
ҶɵʵӹɣǺ£ֵõ͡νʵǣʵѾȫһ߸֡
ټϱȱţһҶϲ춦ųϵλǵʵȴûΣһͨӵݣһŵӣμ徳ʿޡ
һõóĸֶ֣һҶɣǵμ徳ʿޣټһΣ룬ҲʹӦ
ͻȻ徳ʿϣԱʤݲսҪԭ
һڱż¼ʶġ
ʱԷŵʮݣսսܣȥ֮ͷŬûþͻѨҲѨΪ
Ǵﵽ˵
Ϊˣ˵ҪС࣬գֻҪǰеĵӣһɴˣҲͬ
УҲŵӣֻˣһɢ֮ˣΪ
ʮǿټʳȨһʮˣͬһ̨ͶһĿӡ
ʳ˾ߣ¥ص̸ǽգߣҸ֣롱ɣɢš΢΢һЦĽů
Ȩϼӣ
һϵж֣ûһ֮
ʳӡħӡ˾ߣ¥ص̸ǽԼ״ӣ롱ˣΪӡ
˾ߣа䣬ḡӦѩһҴҴ֮һʵ֮ǿڳϯӡһҶ֪Ҷϯӡ񵶹ӡа֮¡
սУջʮɹһƷסһֻϹޣĸ桱ɳʵǡ
¥ص̸ǽ¥ԭĴӳСС׷֮ͽӹ˳СС׷ȵݵλټϱͳ͵ʵܿӱ
գߣһʦãһȴʦֶȻᣬȴҲɱǰʮ˵һ۾
ġ롱ɣ΢΢һЦĽůǶ̨ϣľ֡
츳֮ɫЩŵĶ֮¡
Ľů΢ЦԻ֮˷ʤ
롱ɼҴġӰ͡Ԧ۽磬ôʶ
ʱɣûͻѨôȥѴﵽѨڡ
ֻѲֹԦĵ㣬һʮһǲȱһʮܴﵽ߽
ڣֻѾ߾磬ܴﵽһ٣һǧˣ
һ֣Ȼܲӡ
ʳӵеȨһʳĴ֮ףףΪغ벽ǿߣСѧԨԴʮǿ
һʳ֮һš񡱣ǳ˷ףʳһУ˾ߵĶڡ
ˣȻȨоս̨Ҳ˲С
һ̨ͨΧս̨ζУϾһδʮһս֣ѾȫУֻһ£ս
һ


711 ˽
̨ģսӣһλۣצѮߡ
Ҳİ벽Ķ֣ʳĻ壬ƾ˾ơ
ӰԹʱҲΪ֣û뵽һ徳ʿޣҲ֡
һҲףƾ˾Ƶλߣʳ֡
ĵλʥʣԼʥ֮µһ֣塱˾졣
ԣ徳ʿޣ֣
Ͼ徳ʿޣȻ޵ʢ£Ȼ޷ʥʡ
塰˾죬˵ƹܼ˾ƽʱæֻڽʱֹһΣĻ󣬺ٳ֡
徳ʿޣȻҲΪ֡
פսλߣʸݹܷڣټͿ๦ߵġƾ˾֣кʲ
˾û̫ϻϵĿ⵭һɨͬʱŲһЦֱӿ˵
ӭλ½콾۶Ҫ˵һս򡣡
һ̨̨ͬʱУһһˣҲһӦսʤ߳ɥʧʸ񡣡
һ֣ʮһˣѡʮˣһֿգֱӽ
ڶ֣ʮˣֱսѡǰʮʮǱ徳ʿޣĸֻ֣Ҫǰʮ÷
ȻΪǰǿǿײ鷢ÿʧ֮󣬻һսᡣ
Ϊʤʮˣϵλ̨սʤȻȡɹһʧܣͳɥʧʸѡҶûУ
ˡ
̨µ˺ȻȻ򲢲ѡ
ֶԾǰʮȻٽиսΪԷʵսȡ֮
Ȼȡٴʧܣȡ裬ҪԼİˡ
սȷ˶ǰʮû飬ʱŻλսҲս
徳棬ǴЩо
ʮǰʮվǣʮǰ߰棬ԼʮǰʢߺǴЩо
Ȼʮǰһ죬ΪӦսڶ࣬Բųʮ˵Ӵ顣
󲿷ʱ򣬻ᳬʮˣ߰ˣʮһ֮䡣
Ҳ˵ֻҪܽǰʮкܸߵļʣΪеһˣʱǰʮע˴ֻ֮ǾҪսѡ
Ͼ˭֪ԽǰԽߣԽ㣬ƵλԽ硣
ʮǰߺ֪ʢģҲ֮׵ġףԼߺ֮׵ġպöѡ
ˣȻ֪ͬڶ࣬˭޷
Ȼ˶֪Ϊڴ֮ףѶжߡ
ԺܶˣֻҪܽ봫У㹻⡣
ڸˣжΪ֪ȸƵĳϣƾǵʵ
Ϊ徳ʿǰʮĳɼμһʢᣬѾС
Ȼ˶ֻҪлᣬû˻
˵߹ʺˣȥءֻǵȻʣСԲƶѡ
ǽ
̨вսѾ׹򣬡ƾ˾ɤӣҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ڵţϷҪ˵ĻҲǴģʿ޵Ĵ潱
Ȼ˾ƵĻս̨ϵеӣͬʱ̧۾в¶һ˿С
ʹ֪Լûʸ񣬻̫õĵӣܱͬеļ
ˣֻΪΧߣսʸûУɵ˷ޱȣ޲̧ͷ̨ϵġƾ˾ȥʲô
徳ʿ޵Ľ˶֪Ĵƺţ½֮⣬ҪģиֱţһЩصı
˵ûֵܵջ
֮ȣ徳ʿ֮ǰСѡΣһޣһʿޣõĽԶԶ֮ȣשʯ֮Ĳ
ƾ˾ûеҵθڣֱӽǰʮܻõĽ˳
ǰʮÿ˽Ǯö⣬ѡһƷ¼Ʒҩһꡣ
봫棬÷֮ˣ˸Իõ֮⣬ǮöһöӾݸۡһͼһ
ǰԷţǮöȺһöݸۡһһνĻᣬѡһƷƷףƷ¸ر
ţǮöһöݵۡһмһ淴֮һСԿ⣬Ϊޡ
ڶţǮöһöݵۡһμƷһߣ߼һ
һţǮöһöݵۡһƷһƷоиɻúټһǧ¾ӱ֮Ȩ
ž
һļž
̨£ԡƾ˾нвսӣ߹սˣ޲Ŀɿڴֻÿڸϻ𣬺޲һѽнȫץԼС

ǰδеķ
һ徳ʿ޵Ľ˵Խﵽļޡ
˵Ǯӣϸλƣۡʹʳǵӡ
ֻĸƷоƷμƷƷټ֮ȨĿɿڴоֹͣϢ
ļƷټ֮Ȩǲһ㡣
ӣһʳĽɣʥεӵбµղ󳼣ûȨ
ڣֻҪΪһӵʸ񣬶Һͱ˲һȨõġ
ֻҪҪʱʵʩ
ļƷһֻзǿ߲ӵУ½ûжټ
ڣȻһΪսŸ˵ġ
ʳһΣǳ˴Ѫֻó˷ˣҲδû£˼
ֻ֪ˣ˻ǲֹԼ٣ѡ
ƾ˾ؿ˵ı飬뵽ԼʥЩʱͬ𾪵Աڴ˿¶ı飬Ȼͬܡ
ã΢΢һЦһֵˣʮһȣ徳ʿޣʽʼ
ҳǩֱ̨ս
䣬¸ִ̨£ѾֳǩͲ΢Ц̨֮¡


712 ս
״ʮһսߣһһߵ̨֮£Ǽִ֮ǰָԴǩͲ֮ȡһöǩȻվһߡ
Ϊʱ֪еǩǶ٣Ҳûʲôرı飬ֻЩźڴ
Ϊ˶ףһֻ֣ܹʮһˣǧ۹ӡûԵһעһֿգֱӽ
Ȼǿ˵򲻴һ֣ؽ
ںܶ˵һͷһԺӵջ
Ͼܲμһֱ֣ӽʱõԼ״̬˵ȵսһ֮ƣ֮սϱռơ
ԣֻ˱鵭Ȼ⡣
ˣЩڴǼִ£ȴֻֿյһˡ
Ȼûǵȶá
ܿ죬սֻֿԱѾ
һеǩʮ˺ţһǰĺơ
Ǽִ¹Ķս
һžҶսĺǳ
аսźĸ
껿գսʮߺü
ĺŲʥսʮһżǧ

ʮ˺սʮź׽ƽ
ʮһŻֿգֱӽ
΢üͷ
׽ƽһû˵֡
ûпӦһ칤ɽӣֻǺܿϧҲԷ칤ɽУݵλԼ
һսעʧܡ
һԸǣû뵽Сǲ
Ͼǰʮĩβ徳ʿȻҲǱ̭û뵽ȻŹ˵һ֣Ȼǿֿս
ֻԵ
ҲûʲôĽ뷨
Ͼ㻨һֱӽԵڶ־ʤѡĸǿĶ֣Լָսʹͨһ֣ҲӦԵڶֵս
ʹͨڶ֣Եֵĸս϶Ҳֲס
Աȥֻǳ¶ѡ
ʹܼ֣Ҳָһ֣࣬ǻܡ
ĿЩصȺɨһȦҶаḡѪģʤѩǶɣɴʣ˾ߣ̸ǽɵȡ
һû̫ǿĶ֣ǿ϶ġ
һ徳ʿޣӵ˶ඥ֣Ҳоѹ
ǰʮеѣǰǰǻԵãֻܾһˡ
һǣĿǰѾöǮֻöܴʮö֮
ֻҪܽ徳ʿǰʮÿٻöǮֻҪܽ봫УÿٶöǮ
ԣ봫棬ĿǰĿꡣ
ֻҪ֮ܽսԴʳشдʸ
ʸ񣬾ݱ赲
һ˲۾ðľ⣬ٶԣصȴսĿʼ

Ȼûȶá
˶徳ʿ޵ĽҲĶޱȣȲˣãսʽʼ졣
һ̨Ҷǳ˷׷̨
ǳо˾ߣϼӵȰ֮⣬ʣµ֮һʳһλ֮ӡ
С츳ĿǰҲѾѨڣǡǳؽʳҲǾøʢһλ֡
ϧ˾Ҷ
ҶһϮ£˳Ⱦվ̨֮ϣʯӲһ˿顣
ûаνֻ˻֣ܿǳ㱶ѹˣĽжһһ顣
գҶһвǳֱ̨ɸе˼飬ͷԣγѪ
Զ֣ǲ࣬ѹ
Ȼƾһо˵ӣսҶλϯӵǼֱ뵱Ȼ飬ǳҲܵķڷ
ڶ̨аĸ
ĸаɽһĵӣʵȻҲ̫͡
λɱϾƵʦ֣ԷûаΣУ㽫̨
ĸͨ죬ȥ
аʤʮǿ֮һ
̨껿գսʮߺü
껿ҲӣҲ̨ͬУа֮⣬붫ʿǰʮĸ֮һ
üŵӣʵߡ
ľ϶ûгսʸ񣬿ϧŶʵȱȻҲҶɶһˡ
ԣ׵ŵüֻ֣ʮУ
⻹Ķֲֶ֣껿յΪڶȻ徳ʿϣҲζѣʤһ֣㲻
ڶ
ĳʥսǧ
ʥȻϾʤѩǶɣȶ콾ѹģ徳ʿϣһĹâ
ϾϽ֮ףʹó͡ϡ֮󣬿սУڻǽִܣɹʮǿ
սûʲô֣ýķ׷׽ýҲ׷ܣܿ죬ʮĳԾ׽ƽ
𣬡ৡһһ±ӣˢ̨ս롣
˱׽ƽ칤ɽ洫֮һºšֿ콣˵ʹһּ콣ܽӵסĿ콣
³Ѿע
Ͼս̨ϣʱûսϾӣ۾Ҳ㶼¶õĹâ
Ҳ˲ǿս𣬻һսˣȻ֪һСĸ֡
Ȼ߰У׽ƽĿ콣㱻ͼžȥһ̨ʤɹʮǿ
ֱʧܣ׽ƽȻûлع۾¶˼֮ɫϧ˾ǰˣֻ߲Ѷȥ
һսûâûжȼ߻ָȣɵѹ֡
ʵ֮ĵ
ֻҲףΪһû̫ǿֵԵʣһ֣ܻʤɹˣ඼һ־ֻûǰˡ
սһѹһ֡
üʹǿҲɵһʤصϾս̨ϥָĵĵͬʱۿʣս


713 Ԧ
ܿ죬ʮǿʤ
ʤѩҶаӦѩ飬ɴḡЩˣû⣬ȫʤΪʮǿ֮һ
ֻм΢ùһ˲һ֣սʧܣԵʮǿ
Щ棬ŵ֮һһϾĵĻսܣ¥գߣһҲǿĶ֣ͬսܡ
⻹ʦū׾ĽůˣҲôãҪôǿĸ֣սܣҪôԼٳӲɫһʧ󣬲̭
Ҷаһˡ
ܿ죬ڶֳǩʼ
һΣ鵽һϤĶ֣Ѫġ
λ֮ϣеףӦѩ֮¡аɽа֮⣬һ֡
ûʼһս֮졣
ɣųһ֣š롱ѧԨԴʾһΪҵһӡ
಻á
̨ϣйһһսǰأǧ赡һֻۣǵʱûգֻЦЦӦпһǰȥһֻۣûܳС
˵ĺˬǸ˼̵ӡ
Ʒὣأϵĵʮӣ롱ɣҵһ֡
һսעǼѷֵһս
Ȼ
һվ̨һµġƷὣأ۾оͲ¶˷֮ɫֵԦжô棬ĳҪһۣ
棬һ£ɣʯһֻǵԸ
䣡
˵սһ
صƷὣôĵƷֽ䣻ɵԦȻǵƷоԶ̺Ľһ㲻Ʒὣ֮¡
һעƾУʷǳһս
͡
ѩصν֪ʱȻ˾һƷԶԭƷ۷塣
ȻΪǣΪĶ֮һȻһƷ
νʹѾãϤԸٸԻۣ˾ƷȣȻǡ
ϸ꣬˿ؽϺ
ƷὣҲʶһΣһټȴصĽбǿ࣬Զս֮ʱࡣ
һҲȻսʱػûͻѨڣͻѨڣѨ۷岻ԶΪ֮һأΪ٣
ԴʱҲѾΪѨڸ֣һƷὣ˼ͻƣٶȣԣ
ϧһĶ֣롱ɡ
ɵĽΪ֮̾𶯵ĽһټȻٶͻƣﵽһû뵽ĳ̶ȡ
ֻƶҵļҴӰٴתܹصƷὣȻһУͷ϶ʱһССĺɫŽ
ɫŽһ漴ʧ
һ̣ȻһΪʮһȣʮɫɽͬʱϿգͬʱ¡
ֲĽХȻ
Ԧأһʮ
ɾԲȫһʮս㷭̣ʱһʮжǿ󣬲Զ
ĳ棬ö࿴Ҳܲ³
ȻûãȻصƷὣ쳣ϧȻѾɵɵԦڵһٶʮϣϧܣԵǰʮ
ɳɹһǰʮȻᡣ
ȻҲ˵ɽǰʮλѾȵˣ滹бսܱܲסλã˵
أһȻսܣսϣܻһλʮǿ֣лǰʮ
һлֻݶһ׼
ֻǴҲ֪ʵǰʮģͼˡ
һѾʧܵģʵ뿿սĻᣬǰʮҲϼѡ
ѻǲѣǻһݻᡣ
ܶˣҲûаĿһ̫ʱ䣬Ϊսһһʡ
ڶ̨
ḡԻ
ʣһλûôˣֱӽҺȻ˿Ķ֮һ
У䣬ܵûһ
ˣܣԵǰʮǿ
ḡɹΪʮǿѡ֮һ
̨
ʤѩʳȨ֮һϼӡ
ͬĽ֣ϼȻʳĴ֮һУͲʲôˣټϵĶ֣ʵ̫ǿϾһУϼӾͰ
ںܶ˵ʤѩ£У㲻
ܶˣͬȾʵĶ֣һжֲأҲ£ԵҲûʲô˳
ڶ˺ܿϳ
һ̨
ǶɶԪ˼
עһսϧûгϣԪ˼ͷβ磬ŹǶУʰ³ʧȥʸǶʤ
ͻϼӵ˲ͬǹʧܣûȫ
óһʵûõȻţʹʵȫʧܣ磬ȴùͺ档
УԪ˼ˣΪɵˡ
ܾãǹⱣЩʲôû徳ʿʩչĿģҲ֪Ҳ²
徳ʿڼҲû̽ѯֻżĿŶԷɨһۣûʲô쳣֮Żعۿս
ڶ̨˾߶Բʥ
˾ʤ
̨Ҷ껿ա
ͬҶʤ껿ȻеʵһػʹȫǾҶĶ֣˶ʮУ̨
̨
Ѫģа԰ǧС


714 ʮǿ
һ̨
ԼʱһѪµаɽĵѪģһ˾ͻΪһѪ⣬̨
״֮Ŀһ漴ҲǲŲæһֻ̨ͬȴѪԵɿࡣ
ȻֻһϣѾȫ泬ԽѪġ
аɽһƳаûĶ֡
ֻѪȻôΪ
Ŀһһ£ľһЦ֪㣬һͨʵӣʱȡɲŽǰʮңȴе
ŶѪҪ˵Щʲô
üͷ΢壬ɫʵ
Ѫɫһת˵ǶҲ߯ûˣ֪ڶԲȥϾ𣿡
Ȼ˵ϾŪ˸ϾֻϾǰʮȲϡԻԹԷص̨£Ӯһ֣ôӡ
ţѪǣҪԶˣ
ЩЦҲ֪Էš
ȴûʲô뷨
Ѫĵ˼άͣǰҲμӳʱȴ֪ԼѾˣ񵱳ͬһμӳӦѩˣҲײͬˡ
󣬵ˣܽ
ûϾвĵӣȴȫŭˣ̨ϵѪŭĿӡ
Ѫһ仰ֹҲѶϾеȫ˽ȥ
һ˵߯ûһ˵Ͼǰʮ
һʱ֮䣬̨֮Ⱥ鼤ӿһȺϾӣǲɷ׷״úһϾǰʵ

ʼɣ
ٷϻֱӿ˵
ڤ粻飬Ǿͱֱˣ
״Ѫһ䣬֪޷ȰԶ䡣
Ǹɴ಻˵һչ˻ΪһѪɫ⣬ϳʮӰͬʱȥ
;УȻγһѪɫһѾ
У
״Ҳ̫⣬һѾÿͬʱһУȽѾ֣ţСۿɼٶȲǴȻǧֱ̬ӭѪеľѪ
С
ǿȽ𽣵ĲͬΣѪıȴһмȻһˣȻĲӰУʧ
һʱա
ƷӰ
ӰѪĵȻŹʣڳҲ
ûʱ˿̣ٴʩչӰӳȴԳ˳ʱʮ
ЩѪϣҲ˿๦õ˼ĽѾһ˿ƷӰˡ
һЦ
˲䣬ѪĵӰٴγ֣һ߲ӰȻһʵѪţеľѪһľ磬ֱͷ

õ
״ҲͫȻһϳһĿ¡
Ҳûκη֮ɫһѪҲ޷սʤҲ֮ˡ
ɽѹ
Ƚ֮ϣʢȽǴһŰСЮ֮ƣֻһ
䣡
ɢ飬ѪġۡһһѪֽš
ôܣ
һŭ𣬶Ȼһ㣬ٴ籩𣬾Ȼݰ㼱תŷϰգȻƴʢ£ţͬһ
նһ
һ̣һƥ·̨һΪľ޴ɫâֱӴеľѪ֮ѵңңնȽ𽣡

һ죬ȽҲס˿ɲĹһɻУâȻܵش
âٶȲնƿնѵأֱ˺ɽӣ
̨£˶ɫʶģǲΪĲѡ
ʱһЦӰչ˲˷ͬһ̣쳹̨ϿգһֻƣȻǵѪɫâ
һƣѲĹ죬âѣȻһһɢڰա
Ѫĵ̨һƵľѪ۾ʧǣԲţƾһֻƾͽסԼǿһ
𣬽ԼƷƷѪһơ
̨£ˣͬ𾪲ѡ
ֻˣֵ˲䣬㲻ɾ
ԶĶս̨ϣӦѩ鿴һĻ۾иǲɱһʡ
ȻҲȻ֪ʱֻѾﵽһ۷ĲˣڶڣҲֻһ֮ң
õŲһҵʱ䣬˽ƾˣѪİܵһ㲻ԩ
գ಻ţвϣѪĶһʵǾǣˣҰܵúܲңԼѾǿһ¡
սܣֻܱһ㣬ͶԷĲ࣬һ㣬֮֮
ģܵ˼Ĵ̨ʱǵĵģֱѪɫƣҲࡣ
Ȼ˽һأӴ֮һ겻񣬴Ӵ˴޵ŵİг
һأҲܱԭߵøԶ
ΣѪսܣʤѾʽʮǿ֮һ
ֻҪ̨ȴ˵սֳʤˡ


715 ͨ콣ϣ
սͬʣҲûʧ
ڶ̨ʦ֡񵶹ӡа
ʳ
֮Уԡ˾츳ǳɫΪҲߡĴ֮סϼӡ֮ϣʳӪħӡ˾֮ĵһˣ
ϡ񵶹ӡаȴĲҡ
еޣ˦ǧӰա
β˵飬ųһ⣬һ֮ϣս
ǣаֻǰεʣһӡ
ͣ
һڵĹһţһ̣е޺ȻжΪءֻкβĻϡ
һ룬ֱ׹أ顱һ졣
Ӱʱһɢơ
˾ϱɫͼʱ񵶹ӡаٴһӵһɫĵɳֱֱӹԵһ˿ʱ˿ĭɢ㡣
䣡
ϺѪɫ֪Ƕ֣æһ˵һߣɫ˵

״񵶹ӡаһЦֱ̨Ҳܲû
ɫ֮ڲɱȻ̨ͬһսʧܡ
һߣ̨
Ͼǿǿײʿԡһ˪ۡǧС
Ͼ֮ϣѾսһǧвлսܡ
գǻеģǧУȴֻߡ
ʱѹ˵ʵв̶ͬȵ
ҿΪһսԼܲܽʮǿֵĹؽһս԰ǧбǿʵûз
ϧûгԤϡ
ǧжѾſֲıΪ֮ǣȻһܳʱڣǾһ
֮󣬰ǧеʵʹʤѩ֣Ϊ֮ݣĿơ
ÿһ̳˪һ׹һâƿգؽԱиܵĵ棬Ȼһ㵭˪
һ˪۵Ҳԭͬʱ콣ǣҲڴʱӵ¡
ϧԽ
Ȼʧȥ̫𽣣һϣѷڰǧУڱΪϣȴѹǧࡣ
Ԫ¼ʩչƣָӰʹãʮУǧеĽԽԽԽԽ
գڵʮ֮ϣһڱʩչƣԿеַȥнʧܡ
ˣаԽʮǿѡ֮һʣ»ûԵģֻʣ°ˡ
ˣֱӦѩ飬ͫʫ˪о¥ӣ̸ǽŵӣɴʣԼϽˮӡˮͫһŵǰսԭŮҶɡ
ˣעֻ˽ʮǿ
һʱ䣬ս̣սļȥҲֳʤ
һ̨ӡǧʫ˪¥صӡѩ̸ǽ
ΪһͷѨ۷徳ڤѪʫ˪ռ˼ıˣԶһ֮յĲҿ£Ȼսʤ¥ʵߵص̸ǽΪʮǿ֮һ
ڶ̨ҵҶɣŵӡ֡ɴ
ΪɴͲսҴѽףټڷͬţϵڣ˴ò²𣬴С
ʮйɴԼҶɵĶ֣䣬ѼսȥʸҶɣԼ˳̨
ˣɴʧȥʸҶɳɹֱ֮ǰû뵽ġ
μ徳ʿޣҳΪʮǿ֮һܽôжˡ
̨Ͻˮӡˮͫŵӣ񡱷ʡ
һսĴ󣬲սȥֻǺܿԡ
֮УΨһϲĴڣսߣ˵Ҷûм֮ǰһ֮У˾ͽм֮ĵһˡ
š˾ͽмʾͳʵһ֣ЩҲĴ
ٶ֮ƣţСӰ֮硱׷¡ȳƺ
С׷¡һŶƷ̺һ˿Ʒİ塣
ˮͫʯУȻõƷطӰ֣ʵǣʼ֮ʱȻǷʵĶ֡
ʩչ˱Ѫ͡߻ָ֮ջǺòףսʤ˷ʣȡⳡʤ
˵սһսҲǱĿһս漴
һΪŵĺӣһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬Էˣ׵״ӣͫ
ͬŲٸ꣬Ŷսһ츳һɽ


716 ͨ콣£
˵˭ܻʤû˵׼
жɲһ˿ڴ
Ӧѩʵ֪Բڴʱôͫأ
Ī⣬ӵͫԼŮڳΪ׵ĵӲ֮ڵΪֵʲô磿
֪˲ܱãȻͬΪ󶥷ӣ˭Ϊʮǿ֮һʤߡ
˭Ϊʮǿ֮һԼȴȫһ
ӦѩĮעᱻ̫ܶ˭һն֮ΨԼĽ
ͫȻ治˵ͬĽʦ׵ĴڣܷȻֹ׹Լ𷨵ʦ
ԣһսȻɺϣһϣȴ޿ɱ⡣
עһ޵¶޹ļս

룡
룡
̨֮ϣһ£ϻݱ䵭ĮӦѩ飬ɫ˵
ͫһϮͨĲȹżӣֻǣǹɶصʣʱԴݣԵˡ
˫ͫˮĹ׾ƵӳǳţغӴ
ԼԼ棬һ˿ɫͬس֮ʱһĨ⣬Ȼصüȴôۣɺӡ
ͫ
һݡ
ȻͬӣҲǣ칤ɽܲӦ޷ͫڱ߿ֵвʱ򣬾һɫ˲죬ͫȻת˲ֻ֮һƬã
󣬹߿ӴĵطͳϰߣȻЩϰǧ֮һ˲䣬ֻΪ棬˲Χȫ£˲佫ȼ˻ҽ
Ļҽԭض̶ʱ䣬ֻʣһ߿ݹǣɫĿݹǣ滹ǵɫƺǳսµĺۼ
һݹǶΪɢͬһ㡣
һĻԼоһɺ⣬ͷ˲ܵŵװ塣
ȻͫһˣԷǿӦøˡ
ֹǿ˵ĪǿȴֻĻš
δֲ֪ġ
ͫʲôʣŮӵ⣬ʶôУͷһλġвԣҲ˾Ķ֡
Ϊͫĵˣͷ۵Ĵ֮һ
һҲ׼ͫ󣬶ͽȻͫʣ˵ǰ޹˺ߣֻҲǶʱΨһӵ֪
ֻײ˵ͫԼᣬˣҲ²ⲻѡ
ϱˣҴģͫ׻ʤ
ĶֻͬÿǳӦѩ飬һսĽ֣ͱԤˡ

̨ϣͬĶ֣һ֮󣬳еգ˲ͱý
һ˲˲̨ϣϷŹһ˿һ
칤ɽϯḡϯӾҶϯаЩŵ֮ӣӦöеȤȴҲڴʱԼͬ۾ɫ
̨ϣ۾йâ˸
εķ磬̨֮ϣӦѩһ£Ʈأ˶ܽδʣȴһ˿˿ıۣڲɣ
ÿһۣһ˿⡣
ۣɢΣյϢԽԽ࣬ԽԽǿӦѩ飬ϵɫɱ䣬ȴһͨ廨ƹ˵Ľơ
ͨ콣
΢΢һ
ϳսʱӦѩһμӾĸ󣬻۾µΨһһƷֵȻҲߴϰɹ
ʱСѨ˵ƷҲļǮʮɹѡ
ͫȿǳĶ֣Ӧѩ龹Ȼûгһöֵƣʲô
ڴʱӦѩͫҲ˲һı仯
һֻ֡
죬أм䣬ȻһϺۣȻϺѸһ˿˿ɫͳϺ֮УͫԼۡ
һ˲䣬ۣУȻһģĸо·Ҳ塣
𹴸߿ɫ
һ̣һѹסͷ𾪣Ȼϳͫʱٻжôǿ
Ӧǲģǳʼ״̬ͽ칤ɽ洫ӣ벽Ѩġ彣߿ճ˻ҽ
ʱ˿̣ȻȻѾӵ˿ƿɫ˫ͫȴκα仯
ֻ˵ʵõ˼
Ȼǿ¶֣˵ġ
ԼƬ֮ͫȷ˹
һ飬˾ͶȻϣеɫ۳һֻȭͷС滹Źϰ߲ļ׹ǻƣԵޱȡ
ȭ


717 ؼ
һȭûʲô֮ûв֣ԽˣԽ̨µɫء
Ϊʲôȭȥʱ谭ڣ谭пȭԽ죬ԽʱɵĿԽǿ
谭ȫڣǾ˵һȭĵ˿µĵزѾȫʱ䣬ռ䣬γϢ
Ӧѩȴ޵ηɫ
ɫĮֵͨ콣ֻһʱһĽͷ·ҵͫȭϮ
ɫȭײɫȭ΢΢һƲңң
Ӧѩһıʱ漴ɫȭļı۽Ҳ˲٣ϵƶʱ֡
һΪ֮һλ콾ӵӦѩ飬Ȼ·磡
̨˵ĿУǲ˼顣
̨ϵӦѩ飬Ҳɵеһʣһ˿ݡ
ʦõĵƺͨǳԽ쾫Ĵڰ
쾫Ƿڲܴȡĸ߼ԶѰ˷ǿߣܴмȡָ߼
ҲһŴ񵤣΢ȡһ˿Ȼγһɫʮֲ
Ӧѩȴ˵ͫȭȭ֮ɫȻǳԽ쾫Ĵڡ
Ȼܲ𾪣һʱ뵽ͫ˫ͫΪӵһͫԲųΪ׵״ӡ
ҲΪֵͫѨʱԽĿɲ
ֻˣʦԲʦ䣡
һЦӦѩѵõ¶ı飬Ȼһ˾ȻһգһɿֲƣʼӦѩϵ
һ
̨˾ĿУӦѩһϮ£ͬһתٶȴﵽһٶȣ˾ȻȻʧӰ
һ̣һɿֲĽƣ˲˺ͫȭǳԽ쾫ɫҲ޷赲ؽƣ֧顣
漴ƲͣͫȥҪһս
״ֳͫʣȻһ˫ͫУȻһ£
繳оȻųԡ
¼ҹŻǧ
һ̣ͫ˫ͫеǹ£ȻͫȻ˲һΪʮʮΪ٣ٻΪǧŵķӦѩ鼱ӭȥ
ؼ
ƵӦѩ飬³һɬۣһ˿𾪣漴ϻĽƸǿԸٶȣͫȥ
ͻͽƣкȻ㡣
һ죬ӦѩԱʱٶȵɶأϴһ˿԰ףŶͫ۾У졣
ͫҲùȻӦӦѩһ֮ԣҲһ޴ĸ
ֻʱ죬Ȼſڣۡһ³һѪ³֮Ѫ֮󣬾Ǻࡣ
Ӧʦһ֮ȻͫԶԶ
ͫɫǵģʹˣһϮƮǰ㵭ǿ
ͫɲġӦʦҲٽһС¼꣡
䣬ϵɫɢȴ˫ַ趯Ȼһϱһֱ֮ǰһЩȻ֡
ͫ˫ֳǰһţֹâţ͸һ㣬УȻĪƮϸꡣ
˿
Ȼؼû뵽سϾȻžѧڸ㡣
ӦѩУ¶ƶɫȻϳ˴˿ͫʩչŵǺ
̨£۷׷ףܶȴһͷˮ˵ؼĸ֣֪ǿ󵽺εȵز
۾һв²⡣
˵ǧǰ½ϣһʮǿĽɣؽ̡
ؽ̵ĹģʵԶµļžڣǵʱµһɡ
ʱؽ̣½ǿڵķǿߣʮ׼棬
ؽ̽ǽӽâĿֲ
ؽȴһ飬Īѣڲ߽⡣𱦵䣬ؼҲ˷ֱߣ䲻
ش䣬ؽ̸ѳûڼĻҰУžڵ칤ɽţڣЩɣ𡭡Ҳûм˼ǵؽ̵Ĵˡ
ؼȴǱ˽ֵһ߹żλڰڵڹ֮¡
ûѰؼ䣬ϧʱֵ̫ɢΪʱ̫ãûѰټ
ֻʮǰи˵ĶףõһؼĲо
Ϊ״ûеʹù˵֪٣ΪֻǴԡ
룬ûʹùȴĵӣͫʩչ˳
һ뵽ؼ˵Ҫ֮壬Լǿ˲ʩչҲȻ
Ȼ츳ݺᣬϾǸӣؼȲоеĵƷͫͲͬˡ
ϣһŮӣʴ׸ʺϡ
ҪǣӵһͫԶˣܽӵ쾡£޵ĵز
ΪؼȫѧģҲֻһУȻ˿ֻѾ۾ð⣬뽫Χɱȡˡ
ȻҲΪŵģһ𷨵ˣûм˸ðִйء
ȻȡûãҲȻ
Ӷԣԭͬһʦֻ֣ŶԷͻƷ˾㶼ֻԳơ
ϵĵӣȻʦãʦֶһ
޵УǿΪνƺҲֻǿԼʵѡ
ͬһˣűȴһͻƻԪѨܷͷóƺԷΪʦ֣ʦԷʦãʦֶͬĵ
֮ʱգͫΪ׵ЩĽˣڵһο˶ԷǿͷĽҲò¡
ʱ˿̣ͫȻӦѩ飬òȫԸֶʵˣò˾̾
⻹ǸǰУǸֻһͨˣǾ֮Ϊ޵츳ͨŮС


718 Ԫʼͫ
Ӧʦüʶ
ʶʽͫɫǵģһ˿Ժ
£Űҹ㣬һϮɱ
״ӦѩһЦؼҲ䡣
䣬Ӧѩڣ˻ĳ֮Ũɫ˲佫Χӡ
̨һ˲һɫξ֮УܶŨˮ
Ӧѩֵ֮Ǳͨ콣Ҳڴʱųһĺ⣬һصľ޽ơ

̨£˾Ȼϳžѧ
ϾӶԣʶʹ湦Ϊʤ˿Ȼİ
Һԣֻһ۷壬Ӧѩ鷢ȴҪǿ࣬Ƕڣ
̫黯Σ
һȣӦѩͨ콣ӶɫʵʣֱǰȥУȻһƺһͨ˳Ž⣬ͫɫ³ȥ
Ʒ̫ݽ˾ʽ֮ĩһУ
¡
һصľ죬̨Ȼһһ̣Ӧѩƺһ
ͫͬùɫ԰ףŵŵš߰˲վΣǰӦѩ飬һƬء
ӦʦʵͫȻˣһУֳʤ
䣬ͫ˫ֻ裬һƬĲӰһǶɫˮһ۾УȻͬתɫС
ܵ磬սȥ
۾ȥͼһƬãͬ˲䣬ʱ䣬ռ䶼û壬˵񶼲Ϊ֮壬ͷһѣ
漴ɫ⣬˫ͫɳͬһƣͳӦѩɴ̶
ãͫǣԪʼͫ
Ӧѩ״۾һ䣬Ȼϳͫ
һ̣ɫһαޱ࣬һ˿أȻһ֣һУȻɳһֻŲʵķС
зϰգһ̣Զ򿪣ðһĻ⡣
ˢȥ˲ײ⣬һ̽΢һ⻹ûɢδǰһ壬գۼѾӦѩüĲλۿҪС
ڴʱӦѩһͻȻð˴ĺ⣬һ˲ü𣬱䡣
ƬѩƮһ̣Ӧѩٴλӳеͨ콣
һ޵Ľ⣬·سĵһ磬Ȼͫ⣬һ̣ɢͫѪ
ǣʲô
е⳹ͬڹȻһ޹Ҳˡ
ȴܲ࣬Щ˻ƵӦѩ飬ŵʵ
Ĭһ£Ӧѩ鷽Żص⡭ѩ
⣬ѩѩ
˼䣬ͫȻһЦͫܵòԩллӦʦ֮
䣬һֱ̨Ȼˡ
̨£ȴǾþõһƬž֮
ܶ඼ûһ˳
˵֮ǰսֻ˾ޣ˴ʱ˿̵սѾʧ𾪵ԷԼĿˡ
׶ţǶҪԼ۾ǲǳ
˵ȭ̫ݽܽܵĶؼȶĳ֣Ҳ֮С
ԪʼͫŲʷУԼӦѩ̳һȴ𾪣Լ°ͣ
ϹŽѩ

Ԫʼͫؼ䣬һʮϡУӦôĵ塣
˵ֵ壬ȫһ˫۾֮ϣû۾ʵͫʣֵһᡣ
˫۾ĵʣҲ޵磬Ķš
ΪԪʼͫ˵ǼȡԴ֮еһ˿۶ɵһͫ
ͫӵֲ˼Ϊ޵˶ΪһеĻһԴͷһйĿʼ
Ҳ˵Ǵ
ӵͫˣκƿ˵ԪӻԪѨ´ѨӷףֻҪ絽ˣضͻƣع򣬶ֹ
˵һʮʡ
Ϊ˵ڣյѾͨ쾫һࡣ
ֻе˻â磬ǿӴıԴ֮һ
ҼʹâҲˣܽӴֶˣΪǵʧԶʱڣڡ
Ǹ߾ޣµȾ磬ܴܲǧУʵԼڵĵһ˵
ˣΪʲôͫһͨʣܱ׿УΪͽܡ
һжΪͫҲǡԪʼͫ
˿ٵϣҲΪԡԪʼͫ治䣬ͻһ˿ͫ壬ӿ٣ƿһ·ͻͽ
̾Ľ̲֮࣬סһϧ
Ǵ½޷֧һ·ͻȥֻһܴﵽһĶ㣬׶ֻǵУâҲյ㡣
£磬飬٣ɵȾ磬Ҳǲܡ
ܿϧǰ򣬷㣬Ҳʹﵽ׾
ǲʲҲعޣ֧Ų߾ѡ
ͫ𾪵ʣӦѩʩչһһУȴͬ𺳺һ˿̰
Ϊͫǹ̶ģûܶߡ
Ӧѩʩչһһʽȴ䣬˶лʹúѧģһõԼʵƱرǡ
鱦˺У󽣵֮һʧѾõһʽ⣬ѩ


719 ѩ
鱦һָϹʱӵԵıʮϰԳƲϹ飬Ҫǧ꣬ǧʷ
˾źУ֮һ
鱦еʱǿеʱŴĿ϶вΪ֪⣬˾źУһ֡
˾źУ˵Ϲʱڣһλз˵¡
֮ľ¾꣬˾źУѹˣӶΪһʱĴ档
˺е÷꣬ǧ£Ҳ˷ļС;ӵУ΢ߵһЩаħƵɱ⣬ֱӽһСʹãȻûʲôȴɻ٣ˡ
ؽʱӳֵһ¶ԷɱҲǲġ
ȻЩܣȻֻǷ˾źеһСݹܣлûܣƾֻгΪ˲ʱоóġ
ʣһֵϡر֮ϡ
Ͼ鱦󣬳һһõ֮һҪĻԵǿֲġ
رҲǵսϣ֮ʱʳ³ģʱƷʬʴΨŲʷУӦѩ
ʱҲϲΪû뵽ձϳȻǹر֮һ˾źУҲǲɴΪ졣
׵ķ˾źǴӺζ֪д˻ԵȴûܱסҲ
Ӧѩһ֮٣ȴջ챦ҲǻԵˡ
ʱȴһҲ˵ӦѩԵԴˣֻ΢ĽҲμʡ
Ͼи˵ԵЩԵõˣӦѩҲлᣬǲ
ӦѩʹһУԾ
󽣵ԹഫʧѾá
˵Ϲ֮ʱ޺У޵ߵʱһĪչּλǿĽͣԽףһƮѩҶ죬޵ߣһһɱ졣
γ磬ƽͰֵľ档
Щ棬ǿλ֮Ϊ񡱡ŴĽ˹淶ͳΪ󽣵ֻҪѧһ֣Ժ£ٶ֡
ܿϧֽ̫ǿˣǿʣ֪ΪΣֽߣٲꡣ
ѧϰ󽣵ҪߵˣٵúʵĴˡģ꼸괫ȥȻϡ裬󽥽ʧ
ʱΪоͼž󣬶һһѽۿһľϹ󽣵
һѩ쳾ţǧ﹦٣ǧֻأ
һֽһ޳ɣݴ֮ʱƮѩ˲϶֮Χ˲Ϊߵ
κޣһУ˲Ϊ轵ʵΪ⡣
ڶֽ⣬Ҫǧ쳾ĥ䣬󱯴ϲһ֮ɡ
һɹ֮ʱ֮У̺쳾޾ջ󣬻һ˲˵顣
ʹǾǿˣҲѵֵĽУڲ֪䣬˵òס
ֽһźܴĳͷκ˶Եֵ
ֽԸΪת٣ӵص֮
ֱֽӽþֻأֱڷ
ֽ֮ʱҶƮɣѪֱ֮꣬Ϊпᣬµһֽ
ֽʧ֮󣬼ʹֻһЩ⣬ͷѪȻ˵һĽˡ
̼ǵõս֮ʱԷʩչӵѩһ˿΢ɽѩͲ㱻ȺΧһЩ϶̰
ʦҲһλٻʵȨֻδܻڡ
ҲͻȻһֱӦѩ鶼ޱأսϣԾʳʱӦѩҲʩչһУһһͷ벽ڼʳΪ롣
ʱ;죬ֻû뵽󽣵ϡ
ϰɹֻֽƽǰʩչ˲Ų֪ѡ
ǶͫԪʼֻͫҲƲӦѩѩ

ۺ죬ʣ̰Ŀ֮£Ȼû˸ҹȻͫӦѩ⡣
ҪǣһǷǿߵĵӣһҲһ콾κһ˳£ǣĲȻŭƱϲ鵽ס
ǰҲ˵
ӵλǿߣ£аɽֱʧȥԼķǿߺǿ֮ȴһۿɼ
ƶţ칤ɽڣòŵΣƽȵλ֮
ͨŵӣϣȻۺ˵ʵҲò˼ֻؿ̨Ժ᲻ᶯʲô˼ȴ˵һˡ
ֻȻڵͫӦѩ飬ҲͨܶԸ˵Ĵڡ
ǵΪѾﵽѨ۷ֻ֮һǰ벽ټǿʵƽԽս䣬Ƿ֣мˣκεأ
ҲǸҹȻ徳ʿϣʩչԪʼͫԼѩɡ
ͫӦѩһս徳ʿޣһսĻ
ʮǿߵȷֱǣˣϯӣ񵶹ӡаϯӡһҶ֪Ҷˣֱǡһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ǧʫ˪
һˣİϻḡ
ϾˣʤѩСǶɣʿӡˮͫ
һˣŮҶɡ
оˣħӡ˾ߣ롱ɡ
ʣζϾӮҡ
ǿ߱ӵĸʤΪ֣Ͼ˳֮Ϊ֮أ֮ϾȻҲʤһһˣȴ˲ɴ۾Լ۾
Ծģʣ
ֻʣİϻḡһʤȻḡʵ֪пܶ徳һ칤ɽаɽ洫ӣȴȫûȴš
Ȼ˲²⣬ǿ֮һ֮һ徳ʿޣֵܿҲаɽ˴ңܶʵǿĵûгϯ徳ʿйء
˻ǿ˴ѹúܲңͬŵı˵ҵһˡ
ΨһʤĵӣǱɵӵĽҵӡŮҶɣ˵һ⡣
ûҶɳ֣䵽ͺͺȥ˾ɨء
ںôҲһҲǱȫһ档
ǿΨһĶҲΪ˵Ҳ̫졣
෴Ҷɵʵ˲ɵ̾ΪǳѾսŴʦ֮⣬ǿˡ
оʤһʳ˾ߣһȴҵɡ
Ǻһѡ˿羳սȻӦʤȻЩҪˡ
ڵʮֻʱģ쿪ʼҪһĸսѾʧܵʮˣǰʮԽеսֻҪʤȡ֮
Ȼʧܣͳû˻ᡣ
Ȼսʱڣܽз̵Ķ֮٣Ͼڵһʤģʵ̫ٱ˴ȥĿԲ
ȻҲȫûУϾһǿǿսһ˱䣬ڶٽսԱ˻һλᡣ
˼ʹѾӵʮǿˣҲԵģϾ컹пܵȥģ뱣סʮǿ֮Ҫսʤпܡ
Իȥ֮ҲҪú׼ĸս
еӶɢȥˣȴûߣʤѩˮͫȱ˱ȭһ֮󣬾վԭص
ȻûãӦѩ飬ʫ˪ͫѺѵĲս򲻲սӣһ֮󣬾ǲһЦ
֮ͬ꣬ڴ˱¶ɡ
ֻԪ˼һվȺ󷽣ɫԵЩģûǰ
ĿһɨȻ֣ս̨ɴʣҶˣҲǳԼ
߽ʣŵӣһۣͷĶϾս̨ȻԣҲ
һʱ֮䣬ߵÿյϾս̨ߣٴλһѵӣΪ׳ۣòʱûгĸӣ¶죬ƵƵעӡ
ǻط˵ɡ
״һ֣漴ʹˣ뿪ͨ壬صԼӵĿջҪһСԺ֮漴˾һãбҲҳ


720 Ե
һɣ봨ɪƶӣļ򣬹䣬ȥˡ
ʣģҲѺѣѩ÷ǧӦѩ飬ɴȼˡ
Ѻѣѩ÷ǧ̾ʵ֮ߣӦѩ飬ɴȣƺлҪ˵ҲʶȤǰǡ
ԺУֻʣ¸ϵΪܵӦѩ飬ʫ˪ͫɴҶɵˡ
ǷʣȻ̫죬ΪǸɴҶһģûߣҲԺС
ǸӦѩ飬ʫ˪ͫһԼڽľҲ˵һԼ漴ߵɴǰһӨн
ʲô
ɴһۣ𾪵ĸϽϣΧһۣ۾¶һ˿š
һߣǵؽģ
Ц˵˾䡰̽աȴûἰλַɴҲȤֻǽرǸУ۾¶˷ܵɫ
ֻһˣµһ߼Ʒ춦ѰһҩҾΪ㿪¯컯ˡ
ţ˥ô
Ҳǵãɴ컯ζҩƷµȣؽƷµȣﻯλƷеȣ˥ݡ
У˥ΪϡУֵҪҩ֮ϡ
ΪȫϣȴԵɺϣõҩҲ컯ͻƷҲȫ޿ܡ
һ£ɴ˷һҩ˥ݵĿҲʹࡣ
ϾֻҪѰһҩƾʱɴˮƽܽ춦Ƴɹ컯ĸʣࡣ
һҩҲѰģҲһ¡ҵҰɣΣֻҪҩ룬һΪƳ컯
á
˵ͷȻҲ֪ϣãϾһϣ
˵ǰͻļ޽ӽޣڣһ߻ᣬֻҪһ߻ᣬͲ
߻Ⱥ˿˽Ȼ棬˭Ҳûпڶʡ
Ϊؽ컯Ϣʵ̫ˣﶯģɴҲûпڸǵ뷨봢䣬һʹŷʣҶȥˡ
״Ӧѩ飬ʫ˪ͫȣ䣬ɫѾ磬Ҳ׷׸뿪
Լʿȫһ֮󣬾ͷ׷뿪СԺصԼĿջϢ׼Ӧյĸսޡ
˼Žһսĵʧ֮Ҳɵöսڴ
ʿ޵ĽȥԵĶҲһһǿ󣬵һͳԦԪʼͫѩȣʺ͵֪Щʲô

ڶһ磬ٴλ̨ͨ޶ٴοʼ
̨Ѿֻʣһյĸսޣͽʣµ̨֮ϾС
ʮյʤߣһŽóľǰȴű˵ս
սĹܼ򵥣ÿʧߣһսʮǿĻᣬһʧܣͳʧȥʸԾܺѡȡ֡
ʤȡֱ֮ų̂սȫʧȥʸ񣬸սŽ
սߣܾܾܾʧܡ
Ȼǵܶ˿ѡͬһ֣ͬڳսڱս߼ƽսҲһأսս״̬ѣȨҪϢһʱһʱ֮ս
սߣ顣
ȻʵǿҪһʱϢʱ䣬ֱӽսʳҲǲܵģΪǾԸ
ʮһ֣ʤֻʮˣʮ˲ʧܣ鷳Ҫսʮԣʵвܷ顣
Щ֪ʵ㣬̨ս
ʹЩң벩һλģΪʵ̫Ҳܿٴαֵ̭ӵսҲȼѡ
ЩУѪģǧУʥͫʵˣлᡣ
˵п˳ɹ̣սʤֵģпܾǳǼ֮䡣
̨սʼ󣬾Ծ̨սʤʮ֮һ
һӣսʮ֮֮һˮͫܿϧСˮͫʵ
ƷطӰһӺܿʧܣˮͫһʱϢʱ䡣
ڶ̨ģһӣܳãȻҲŵĵ֮һ
֮ǰսϵĶǽΪǿĶ֣˰ܵòʲԸ
ʱȻҪĻᣬֻǺܿϧĶֻûиκλᣬ߰Уͱ̨һתȥ
ʱ˿̣˲ãʤʮˣûһ򵥵ģʹ֮ǰڸԵˣȻҲǺӡ
̨ͬĽ֣͵ģֶû˼סУͰ̨ȥȥ
ڣĳϳ
ʦūɡ
컨ŮʦūϾҲǶ֣ڽҸǼ뻪徳ʿϣȴĬĬע⵽
ȻвʣɲһҵĵӣǰûôҲûôϣϲһ
Ĺɹ˾񹦣ȷϧɣȴеߡ
Ӱһ˲䴦·磬ٴʹһʮʮڵĽΧʱŸܵеĲ࣬ʵ䣬ʧȥʸ
ʱɿȥգۣսͽʮΪʵϴ󣬵ĿǰΪֹ̨ĻǼб³ֵþһЩҲͼʮУеĻûУսģһҲޡ
ģЩʵ΢ģ̨ʮ˵ʵǿ̨֪֮Ҳȡ裬ɴˣ̨عս
̨£лսӵһʵģѾֻʣˡ
ѪģͫʥǧС
ʣϼӣأĽůЩ֣֮ǰ̨һ£Ҳ޲Ұճʸ
ˣ˵Ŀ⣬һʱһʣµˡ
ܷսɹҪ˵ıˡ
ڣһѪ£޵аɽĵӣӡѪģһΪһѪ⣬̨
ĿһȻһָָһЩȵĶ֣ʫ˪һսɣս㣡

̨£ͬʱһ󾪺̨ϼˣҲ
ʫ˪ΪʵԲټһͷѨ۷裬ռ˴ˣôȻַսĵ޼û뵽һΣѪȴĿϡ
ʫ˪һ£״֪޿ɱܣֻεվͷãҽս
˵꣬Ծ̨Ѫһһң
еһӽ


721 ⷭת

ûκԥʫ˪̨ѪһεʣһǺĵһзѪɫ䵶ͳС
һΣѪɫӰʫ˪˹
һΣһսľѪܵشƣԲʹãξͻһѡ
ΪѩƷʾھѪ֮£һһƷµѪĻ˴ۣҹһչġ
ƷʵıѪܸ㵽ҲɼĲݡ
ǰƾݣʹһƷֻѪľʮϣʦŴڣԲһֱû
γžѪɴ໻һѳѪƷȻǡ
ʫ˪״ҵȻ֣жʱһŰԲӣɢĹ⻪
ĹлõرԦ飡
Ԧһʫ˪Գ˲һı仯
һ֣˲ǰһһֻУȻɳһֻ
ͨ͸ͷ󣬹ȻͬǱɣֻǳ֮˸ŵ⣬뵣ǵĹâĳ֮䣬ʫۼ
ⲻһֻһƷ
˵һ֣ɢһǿµϢ̽׺ڣ൱ʿеѨ۷徳硣
ۿɼ˿˿ƵİɫߣԦϣȻٷʫ˪ϡ
ʫ˪ϵһʱǣҲòͬˡ

Ȼ˫ַɿһɫ˿ߣɫһѪĹ
ͣ
һѲɫ˿ߣ˲䱻Ѫĵѩնϣʫ˪ɫһףԺһԵý
ȥ
һָ裬ڤѪͻȻͨ죬۾˸ĺ⣬ų򣬷ɿ쳯ѪĹ˹ȥһƬǷۡ
ƬǻһķĩѪĵȻЩ룬һȣԻ֮С
壡
䣬еѩȻһ𣬷һǺȻȻһڹ䵽ϡ
Ѫе֮ɫѸɢȥһһǾгֻڤѪ˹
Ȼ⣬Ƚʫ˪裬һȥʫ˪Ҳͳûϻֵһˡ
Ȼʫ˪ȻҲߡ
ԭ󶥷֮һЩ꣬ڤѪ󣬸Ϊǣ˵ʤĶӣҲûмλˡ
ֻΣң۾ֳ֮ɫȻһ˫֣λðһ
˲䣬һƬɫǿհĹâѪͷѪĳУֻһãȻһĿռ䣬̨֮ϡ
ܾͬǳλðĹâһһݺύ֯ϴÿһȴɢſֲΣգԲǷ
ǻþֵˣ
ѪһŭߣȻ䣬ϷǿҵѪ⣬һܼܵλÿռ䣬ֲ֧סֻƬʱ䣬㼴Ȼ˺ѡ
漴μ֮ǰһսʹùǾɱһնһٴγ֣
һƥĵתţʫ˪
ʫ˪ϱɫһ貨ˮ̨ϿվȻмֻ񣬺ȻѧİƷ
ֻǣٶٿ죬Ҳ첻Ѫĵĵ
һ̣顱һԵ̨һѪӿʱ˹ȥؿһ޴ĵۣѪȻ
״æһס̨ϵѪŭĿӡ
ȻѪȴĮһЦƵüôӢ۾еʦ㱨Ǿɣڴٴһս
ߣ
һ֪ʱʱֻҪԷסޣսĻᡣ
æʫ˪ǰѨͳһֹѪҩۣȴЩˣĿߵӦѩ顣
Ӧѩ״֪˼˵ͷҲûԥʲôʫ˪һʧ
Ƭ̺˵ͷһɣ֪ʫ˪Ѿˣû֮ݣмĵ˵ͷ
ʫ˪ȹԼһսϣҲжԼˣǲԼʦ㣬µġ
ʫ˪û£Ȼġ
ӦѩҡҡͷʾҪһ룬ҲףӦѩ˵ʫ˪Ҳʦ㣬֮ͬУЩС£ֵһᡣ
ӦѩĹϵݶʱԻؼһʱʱٴ̨֮ϵѪģ۾дһ˿
ٶŭһŭʱҲ˵Ѿˡ
ȻҪսΪµսߣѾ̨ϡ
һ£ϱ޵ڶװΡ
һ޶ɫǳǳͫ·ﶼĵĵȻʳ
ϸȴܿóǷݶеִ֣ǿڲͬļǿһһֱĶʡ
ʹˮ裬಻ܸı㡣
ͫǸССͨŮΪһλǿߴ˵ĴڣԼŵʦ㱻˻Ѫ̨ɲŭɫͫģһɫȴ
̨ɫƽڵս㣬Ӧս
ûжһ仰ֻ˵һս㣬Ӧս
ѪĿ̨ͫ뵽֮ǰͫӦѩǾһսҲͫ΢΢һϵɢȻһЦŽˣһϵģһȺСġ
Ҳãԣһλˣ̳ܵʲôĵӣ

תŴƬˣɵ
ѪǣзӣеѩųһƬ貵ĺ⣬Ȼ·ƬƬѩͫ˹ȥ
Ȼ
ֻͫǵؿһۣͫĨɫѸһ̣Ĩɫһ£ͫȻһӡ
ͣ
뵶ཻһ̣ѪеѩȻϴϰߡ
ѪĻԵʱеѩҹô۲ŹƷȻϰߴһʧȻΪ̡
̶Ƭ̣ѪоֻʣһɵĹͷ
⣬ôܣ
ѪʧǣûзӦվԭأͫû˿飬һɫѸ𣬰ȭͷȻһȭӳ
͡һ졣
ѪƺһѪ·һֻƵĲõɶؿڵ·ɢĺĴɢգۼ׹ڵأ顱һ죬һѳ
û㣬û˶࿴һֻۣаɽӣµǣæɳ𣬼æɽ
ոʤƬ̣գʧܣʤ븺ôףת졣
̨һƬžڴѪеѩ統칤ɽܲ彣߿һΪɻҵʱҲͫ΢΢һ
ϴλֻѪ⣬οһƷͫͫƺԽԽǿˡ
ˣͫͫģŭ
һ칤ɽܲˣһΣ徳ʿϣͬˡ
ŭʵǣ֮ǰӦѩһս۷״̬Ȼ˭ʤ˭˵
漴ֲһ
ͫʤѪʧܣʹʧȥһֱͫˣʤģȻм֣ӦûͫĶ֡
ˣڱˣ᲻
Ȼ
Ȼ֣ʥǧУֱ̨սûսͫϾֻͫͫͽһƷΪɻҵˣеĴ϶ܴ
˷ֱսˣҲȫʧܣʱ֮һ̨
徳ʿޣǰʮڳȷ
ԭʮ˲䣬ֻһ˸Ǳ󶥷ӡǧʫ˪һ󶥷ӣŮͫ


722 λսʼ
Ůͫ𣬱˸Ĵºš
ǰֻһĬĬСһҲû˸СŮ
һɫӵĿ־壬ܶ˻ḡаҶЩʵĿ־塣
սսڶյսȫһ磬ٽеֵʮǿλս
һҹ޻
ڶա
ٴ϶죬ڶ궥ӣٴͬʱ̨ͨʮǿλսʽʼ
ʮˣʮһһ֣ʤΡ
ʮսȫʤߣΪ徳ʿ޵һ
ʮһʤΪڶʮʤʤơ
أһЦ
򣬺Ͼʿ޵ĹʵûʲôͬҲͬ⣬Ψƽľ˵Σûκ˻顣
ʮսƺܶ࣬ÿÿ죬ֻμսɣ죬ΣԲӡ
ЩˣΪ֪ʵ⣬ԻԶ䣬Ҫеսʵûжٳ
ƾ˾λսʼһִ³ǰгһǩͲʮֲ֧һǩ
ʮˣȫǰȡһ֧ǩ˻ԭλ
ǩϣǵĺ롣
һߺţʤѩʮţˮͫţͫ˺ţҶɾźţǶʮһţḡʮţҶһš
һ֮սҶа
ৡৡ
ӰԷ·ʯٶȣȺͬʱ̨
֮ˣһϮ£信ɣͬһƬգƬΪ֮ճ
һӳƣǱˣǳһϯӣһҶ֪Ҷ
һˣһۣһ
ɣʨͷĿɢŵ⣬һϯӣ񵶹ӡа
˶һۣаһУ漴ɹЦ
Ҷһսˣû뵽徳ʿϵȵᣬǵһսܺãһսֱҵʤ
ȻھҶаһֱô
ֻһֱ˵ͷͷҾҶʤһȻʡ
ҶɫģаƣҲֻǵǱɣ
ãӻķڷġ
аҶһԼĿʱŭ˵
䣬˲ε֣ɫĳԲһ߷
궥֮һƷ㵶
״ҶҲϻͬνʣһƣȻĹӳʶ·һ𣬷һԽ
ƷȻ֮һ
ͬʱҲǳŮԴڸҶĳ
˳ֽԣеս

ڣֲƬ̣аȴƼžһӣһɫĵ⣬ֱľҶȥ
棬ӳüһƬұ̡
ȻһҶȴֻǵȻһúá
䣬еȻӳʮĿĽ⣬УҶĳҶ֮
ཻؽƺ˲һƬĺڰ
Ĺ򱻴ƣ̨£ֻ˫ĿһʹƺضȻת
һƬУȻһХаĮаɫη·һſ磬ָָ˹
ǧǧն
аյðŴŵ⣬еı㵶һֲĻߣ˺ѿ
ǧٵ⣬ڿֻΪһն˿ռ䡣
һɫĹߣһţٶ˹֮죬˹֮ܲ׽
һɣ
ҶҲһֳǱȴûһηɫ
ĿǵɫĹ߶ƶ漴еȻ׹ţ˲ʮɴСƺƵһѹ
ǳڹƷϽס쾭еһױȣƽʱʹá
첻аУ׶һ
˻
һɲĿ˺أĻһ˲䱻˺ѡ
һ̣ɫ̨Ͽգ̨˲ɺͬʱ˳վȣɫ̨ϡ
̶ཻƺһаҶճϵĽ⣬Ҳ˼֡
ã
״һ۵ġ񵶹ӡаԣһһš
һ̣Ȼ߶б񳤵·ҪǮעУ񳤵š
һ̣аеı񳤵ųһĿ⣬ȻһӶ
Уһ͡˺ٶȿ쵽£Ȼת˺ɫ
ڱ֮УֻһֲϢڹߣһţûзӦ͵˾ҶǰƺҪ˲佫һ롣
аĳߵ
״һ£信ɵĳڴӾҶеһ¶һ˿֣֮ɫ
Ȼֽ֣Ȼһ˫ĿϾȻðƬƬİ׹⣬ͬһ̫ȼ
ڶط֮һʴ
һ̣ҶеȻٴΰ׹ţʤȫʢ֮ʱһȻһֲĽ⣬˲ǰаǵڹ֮ǰ
쾭Ȼ̫ƪڶնޣ
ۣ
ɫɫߺȻײаȻɫһףۡһһѪͬһֻߵķݣȥ
ҶҲܣ׶Ȼһ죬ɫۡ͡һ䣬°ڵȷֱ֮˺ѣͬ׷ɡ
ŵŵšҪ̨Ȼһг̨֮ϣץֹסΣҲή˲١
ȻʩչǿУ˱ʴӰ죬Ҳν
Ҳͬףа֮һս֮ս֮ʱΣһ˵ģΪһ͵ڶڶ͵µ͵ģ
һ֮֮ң
ϣаֵģûмˣΪǰΣ뾡һ
Ǵֻǵʤߣ˶ȥȡʤ˭ȥע
ΪԼΪ˳ڣһսʤ

š
㾲ӣڣ̨һߣɫ԰׵а̧ͷеı㵶̹Ѿɢ٣˾ҶΣڲһ
ҶӳСʵһսûнˣһΣӻٴγֵս㡣
䣬һǵѪƲֱ̨תȥ
ȻԼʱ羣Ҷһս
аֱȥҶҲɰһһսȻʤˣҲʤþգʤô̼
аҲûбطҲʩչսȥϡ
ԲаΪʲôʱԣһ¡
ԺԺ£аԺ᲻ٴսԼֻҪʤһսҪսࡣ
ԣһսȻջʤҲ֪еļѣȻʲôı顣
΢ϢһµϢָһ֮漴ҲԾ̨ѳˡ
һսˮͫĺŻ֮չ


723 һ
ûйϻͬʱԾ̨
ΪͬΪϾӣϾʿʱйһս֪Էˮ׼ɡ
һսԸоȣΪˮͫʵ࣬Ͼʿʱĳɡ
ˮͫʩչƷطӰ֣һæңգǿΪսʤˮͫʤ
ɣӦѩ顣
һ£ͨȴͷɣʹԲһɷ֮ת
˫Ŀؼ䣬нϴθڶ̨ս֮ʱǿࡣ
ӦѩһϮۣ˿ʴ£İϻһ˿˿Ľ⣬γɣͬ⡣
룡
룡
ûа;Ҷսʱôϻɫأֿ̧ڵ
ӦѩȴɣֻǱ΢֣ôһ˿ͬ£˵һ֡
漴⣬ͬʱ
ǧ֮һ˲䣬˵Ľ㽻֯һ
ɵıСѩ롱УһѺķɽ
νɽ裬ɱ˵ıԣͨȻҲֹһ֣ȴǺջģûзɽôת⡣
ǱԲͬǱͲɽֻǷɽֶʱȽ⣬ȷȽϺжѡ
ӦѩıѩһƷƷУѵõƷȻͬΡ
ѩһ̨ϵ¶ʱʮȣѩ纮ǣ쵽˲ĿѼҲѷɫɵѩ١
̫齣
Ӧѩָһָѩϻ֮ȻڿлһֲİɫӰɵѩɽȥ
ɲԲ΁ԭأ˫Ŀʮָ·𷱻Ƶһš
ͷϿգǱɫŽʱһš
شԦһأգ

һĽѩɽӦѩѩڰнһײһĻ𻨣ȻһɻضԷͷ
Ӧѩ˫΢΢𣺡ý
һֽ̣֣һ˻Ϊһɫ磬ֱӹȥ
ɽҪȫƣ㣬ķѩɲǷɽȻҲʹֱܲӽԷսñǿ
״֪ԷԼжϲٿطɽԼһֲ
ȴûʲôǵɫӦѩǰ֮ʱŲŲæһ˾ͷ·ƽƽƳʮɾ룬һߡ
ԭֻһӰӦѩ鵽˲䣬·ĭһ飬ɢ
˵ľٴ
ʲô
Ӧѩ˫΢΢һЩ
ûмҵӰԴˣᣬȻ֪ŹĲͬΡ
ǰɵӰȻҪ֮ǰǿ˲֪ٱٶȿ˲١
ӦѩҲ֮ȡ
ƽ
ץסᣬĿһȻ˫ֺʮȻȻһ֡
ͷֹǱɫŽʱȻһȻʧһ̣ѾӦѩüĲλ
˪ӳü
ֹӦѩ飬̨µһ̶оüȻһۣ֪һĿ¡
а̾ζԵӦѩ飬ˣֻһѾԷֳʤˡ
Ȼ
Ȼһ䲻⣬ٶȼ죬ȻﵽλƵĵزɵӰ֮ͬǲܹӦѩķ
ֻĿһ΢΢һˣһƣɫŽӰȻͳ˽֮
漴̧һģļһӽһţɷĺɫӰȻȻһȻһɢ׹ڵء
ͨ콣
ʱƼ֪ʱӦѩŵֻУѾһöƹӵĽƣͨ콣
û뵽ͨԭֹܵʹãƻԡֻһɵķɽѩ룬پʧȥԣ벹ˡ
ԶԼķɽԷһöһģȻ˲飬ڵأԼϵʱֹҲɫһףһѪӿͷ³
ɽǱ֮뾫ѪмϵƽȻ֮ʹָɱ޲⣬Զ
һ˻䣬ܵƣҲԶͨ־ͬܵһЩˣѻָ
ɼæϥ£Ҳ̨֮ϣǿȥӦԼཻķɽȴƽʱױƿصѩ룬ʱϵȻޣҸӦԷϢΪɫٴһס
һսˣûʲôҪѩܴʧɾʹˡ
Ѫ
Ȼһҧ⣬ȻһھѪ÷㣬Χ˲佫һϮȾ죬ȴȫȻˡ
ɽգ
һȣڣԶڹŽٴһ˶
üĲһСѳɫԽԽ԰ףӦģϢҲ֮˥
ӦѩʱҪֻ֣Ҫһɱذܡ
һĻ֪ΪΣӦѩȴͣԭأɫһ˿أɣûгֹԼķɽȡϵ
Ҳ֪˶ą̃£׵ţֻֻһ˲
Ȼ
ˣ
һ죬ڣǵڵصĺڽѩ룬ڲƵط˫һȦڽ·ǧľʯڷɻǰ
ٴһھѪںڽϣڽʱâţԭӦѩͨ콣ԣ»Ҹʢ
þѪ˴ιڽֻû꣬Իָ۷ˡ
Ӧѩ˫΢ȴվԭһʩΪ
ڣ˫ۡ
񣬲ƽʱЩ˿˿ھѪҲش
̧ͷӵؿ˶ӦѩһۣҲûȻ˵ӦղţΪʲô֣
ȻҲףղǷٶжΣա
һ˿ֻѾˣֱӵ̨ˡ
֮ս˿Ѿûڡ
ӦѩûôֿɵõʤûзϣԼʩΪٻԼıҴ߶˽طԼʱʵѾԶѰ
Ȼֻһ˲ĲãʱԼҲﵽһ۷ʱ
ûԹôǿ
Ӧѩ鿴һۣѩһУһ˿ӡ
ӦѩӲ֮Σҿ״̬ѣôһսҪȥô
Ǻǣ
ԣȻȻ¶ֵЦݡ
ŵӣȻͬ
Ӧѩ飬ȻһսӦѾ˵ġ˴ʱȴһԣ
Ϊһһûʩչʮĥһ˪δã꣬ɹΪڽε徳ʿϴʣû뵽ʦδԭΪûлʩչһˣ
ӦȻᣬȻ֪ذܣһһԣ֪ӦԸĳᡣ
۾ȻǰδеƱˣŶӦѩ飬۾дһ˿Σһ˿
ղήɫȫʧĺ˿Ҳʧֹͬ
ӦѩеķѩϣٴĿ峺ǳ
Ϊʲôأ
һЦǱ棬һЦȴ̨£˶ʧȥɫ
ǷǳǿһҸҪʶʶɣ
˵꣬㲽΢ǰ̧еķѩǰһʽȴǰѷ߶˼¡
ȿȣãлӦĳᡣһΣһսĳ䡣
ٴοӹһ˿죬ƺѾѹֲסڵƣϵս⣬ȴԽԽŨԽԽŨ
ûվѾָȫʢ״̬ĺڽѩϥǰһ
һҲ
Ȼһ̣ϣųһͨ쳹أµĽơϵķƣһ
̨£ѾУ۾
ѵѾһĪǡ
˼δϡ
̨ϣѾ峹شԦءһ١Ӧָ̣
䣬ϣֳһʥ⡣
һֱֹϥϵĺɫŽˡȻһȻ𣬲һٶȣһΪΪģķΪˣ˻ʮʮʮ
ʮɫبգɭȻͬʱбָӦѩ顣


724 ͨ
һ̨̣Ͽյƺ˲޾İɫͷʮ֧ɫ֮ϣнһεõ
ֲĽƣһɽѹ£֮£赲
һӦѩ飬Ҳ΢΢ɫ
ý
һȻһһöͨ͸ƣ֮С
öƣͨ͸̾Өһ׵ӰֱֳԼԼһ
ң޽ɡ
Ӧѩ˫ַɿشһӡӡ⣬֮У˲䣬֮еǾӰȻʵһЩȻȻԳ
Ȼһ˿ֲĽɢ
Ӱֽһɨ
¡
޾Ŀֲ⣬·ԭϵļ⣬ɷٱɨȥ
ߺȻ㣬أƺһ˲䷢̮綼顣
ңⲻһֻþʵ˵Ĺ̫ǿˣ˷֮£޵еĵز
ǿĹͬʱ㣬ĳ
һĿֲɣӦѩͬʱԺˡ
ͷķɽѩ뱯һɻ䣬ױϡúüֻ꣬Ҳ޷ųʹˡ
ӦѩҲûжܡ
һѾԽ󲿷ݵĽӲһУעҲܵˡɫ԰ס
ȻǿţǱߣǲһ˿Ѫ
ȻųеİӰľ壬Ҳһ־޴ĸ
ˡ
ƽѣԳ˵һ䣬վɫӵسֳƣͬ˵ӦѩһȭȻ漴Ծ̨ٲͷ
ֱ뿪ͨ壬Ȼǲ׼սˣᴫ֮ʸ
ȻһսˣҲ޻ᣬֻԼصķɽһսأѾûκ飬μ徳ʿޡ
ʵ㶥⣬ߵһѾҡ
࣬͵һ¶ǰһ̨֮оԲʤΣ٣û˻֡
ңҲһս
徳ʿ޵ĽȻ뿪ˣҲ͵סֻǿϧˡƾʱĳɼֻºѴչʳдʸ񣬱ϾǰʮֻöǮ
ҵǮܴʮö֮
ⲻҪܵ飬Ϊ۾ѾεرӦѩеöˡ
ϳöơ
ͨƣӦѩս֮󣬰ʹ͸Ӧѩ֮һҾġ
ʱõɹʮƷѥһףϹش깦һ
ӦѩõĽɹʮƷ˿һͨһö
õԡ깦Ϊء
ӦѩãȻҲԽͨΪͬʱҲء
̸Ӧѩ˵֮ѡǰĵطģΪ⽣֮ͨУһЩȤĶ
һιȻУջ
ʱûջʲôϾ˽ѯʡ
ˣӦѩȻ˼⽣ͨаɫֽӰķ
ҿʽǽ̲ͨصİӰӵеǼΪֲֻ൱ͨ߳ʵһ
һ֪ǲǰӰļޡ
ǣҲͰˣǣӦѩǼ񵽱ˡ
Ȼڸ߲ĴǣзӡһʽֻлԵ򣬲ءڿȴˡ
Ȼڸ߲㶼ۣûϳöͨļֵ
ʱֻ֪öƾԵӦѩĺУڼҲҪԺڲʹˡ
Щ޹ء
Ӧѩܵõһϲ
һΪӣӦѩĵλͽٴߣ徳ʿϣȡõθߡ
ӵ󽣵֮һѩе飬Ҳûôˡ
֪ôһöƣû벽ʵˣٴ⣬鷳ӦҲࡣ
Ȼδܵסȫˣܵס߰˳ɣǲġ
⣬ҲǽգӦѩûʩչѩȴ⽣ͨסһҪˡ

ˣӦѩʤѾֻʣʮˡ
ȴûС뿪ɣʵû㣬һٲԦյ㡣
ֻҪһԦĵأһǧҴԦ̥ǵı仯
ʱʹǷʤһ㷨
Ϊǧѳɴ󣬵ʱҰĽ⣬һˣ˵ӦսԵеҲС
˾ˣҲû̫עΪѡ뿪עضʮеĵһʮˣֻҪʣµˡ
ĳϾǰġԶȴͬͬŵĺʦã˺šͫŮͫ
Ϊ⽫һľսֻ̨֮ͫһ񣬾ȻԶ뿪ˡ
սʤ
һĻ̨µĺܶ˲˶ףҪһսͫʵδ١
츳Ԫʼ֮ͫټĶص䡰ؼʵõ˵ĳϡ
ȴսˣúܶ˴ʧ׷׹벻㣬
ͫȴûκλӦػصλ£˽һ󣬲òͣһ
վ̨ϵҲûϵĻΣæҲ̨ȴҲһΡ
ףͫ˾٣뱨ˡ
һûսʤԼԻֱӷɺӦѩһܾˣӰս
ҲΪʱԼηѣǿȨǿ칤ɽܲȥΪ˻ǳ鷳λŽ¡
ҲΪ£лԵף֮Ϊͽһͨˣ徳ʿȽȽһǡ
˵ãûҲһͨũŮĸ磬ҲûнѨĻᡣ
ԴˣȻںȴ޷ֹͫľֻô׵ģϡͿӮ˵һ
˹һᣬӦҲֻЪˣϾ̨ûй涨ֱ䣬֮ͣ󣬵峡漴
źšŮҶɣʮšʤѩ
˱ͬΪϾӣͬ󣬲ҶȴսʤѩѳΪϾһԵʱ˿Цãȴ޷ıʵ
֪ԼȻʵпɣʤѩǰκʤ㣬ҶҲ̹Ȼ䡣
ˣ峡ԱѪĽճ̨µ˲һ
ҶɼȻ䣬ҲûǿҪҪٴһ䣬һսھҶаһսĸ߳浽
ʮһţϾۣСǶɣʮţʳһһˣӡħӡ˾ߡ


725 ᰽
ǶСһϮ°ɮۣüĿȲʤ಻ǰܣɫƽ飬΢Ц̨
ǹܴ䣬ףһҲûдսǰĽӡ
ʳӡħӡ˾һ£ᣬϵۻӴȻ֮ս֮ʱ˳Ľ
ǻһ磬·𡰳塱һ̨ģƣԱǶСУǿ˲֪١
̨ЩʳĵӣʱһƣǶСߣȴȡ
˶ħӡ˾߶ŶĹͷСУȻһЦ˵У˵һϯӣ֪֮һǰ涴ѨڤΣ
Ƕɺԣ˫ü˶̧ͷŶ״ƵЦƼġħӡ˾ߣȻ˫ֺʮһ䰢ӷ˵СɮĩѧȻǱȲʦŵġ
˳֮ΪСʵΪָ֮ǰһֱտ
տزս֮ʱȻҲ͸ƣʱѲһֱտڲˡ
Ǻǡ
ǶɵĻ˾߶ʱмһЦ
ʦֵ棬Ҳ˾ĳɵһ֣һʮСУ˵ʵ濴㣬ֱ̨ʡñӶදһֽţ
ǶɫϲСɮǧһսˡ
ãܺã
˾ŭЦȻһԾϺɫתһƣһоصĹͳǶСй˹ȥ
Ȼ˲ʶôǱǧһ׹޼ɣ
֣
һȣһֻǵأƺƵĺɫħ֣ͳǶСץȥ̨ƺһ֮¡
·ָ
ǶСм״壬ɫƽһֻȥָ޾ǰɫ⻪Ȼ۳һָһָ˳ȥ
飡
һ춯صľ죬Ƕɺƺһ˺˾Ҳɵɶƻ֣ĺȻһɫ׶ɢ
Сˡ
˾ɫ΢ףŶǶСеɫȻˣҲòõֶˡ
ħ࣡
䣬Ȼ˫־ٹͷȻһ֡
˲䣬һͷͷ۵ľ޴ħ࣬ͷԺֶϰաħ˫ǣϣħӿ
һʱ֮䣬Ϣĵӣֵסѹһˣɫ԰ףҿ
ڣ
ǶСм״ɫԼࡣ
ֻȻĿ˫ֺʮܲȴд
֪Уڵô
棬˾߿Цһ¶ħ֮ԴԴϵعͺֱ۱ǣһǿվǶС
ն
ۿǶСУҪһƣ룬
ڴʱǶɺϣ׹⣬׹⾻ƺƵ۳һ޴ӡ顣
ϹâţȻɷӡһֻ֣ȻǰƳָ׸ǰСĽɫӰг˲ħ࣬Ȼ˾ߵһƻɣ̶߽⡣
һ̣ƵǶСУƷ
˾ûϵ˾䣬ɫ΢ףһƷϽ׾ѧ䣡
ߣֻеƷ
䣬˾ɫ࣬ӿ񱩵ɫֳ֮࣬ʳΨһİ벿Ʒϻľ
Ȼϻľֻа벿ǶСҲȫҲȫ䣬һΣ൱Ȼ˭Ҳκβ˭
ħ֮
ڣ˾ߴ߶ǿУ˲ѣһǶȫ
ǣѰСһɫȻȻſڣһ¡
һɫ漴гЯصϢǶɡ
ǶСУ߶ӯɫתȻ󻺻֣һֻɫӡʤѩһսӡ
ɫӡǴ˾߻ĺɫһһ춯صĴ󱬣գǶСкɫһס
˾ߣֱӿڽѪɶǿʤ֣֮ȴһĿȻ
ȻûȫܣսȥҲֻͬĽ
գ˾䣬һսϾµǶСлʤȡõһʤ
һսʮḡһžҶһĿս
һ칤ɽϯӣ˳ơİϻһǳڵĶţšһҶ֪
˵޶徳ʿ޵һڶվսһȴǰ˽ּ
ḡһ£˫üбɣֻʮ꣬ȴû˸С
һףڤĶţȻ̶ֻ̼꣬ȴȴк֮ƣ׺ȻͻƷҲһһ˵˭˵
֮УһͨڣмɢĹĹ
˱սУõ֮һƷҹ
ҹԶѰƷɱȣϡ٣ҹŽһǧҵʷ˵ش֮ǰģضϵ
ļֵһ㲻ͨĴμƷͣĳЩй֮
ҶһϮ£ȻŽ鵭ĮʹУȴҲ޵ȼ˿˿ս⡣
˵аһսֻƾеһսռϷ磬̫ڴ
ḡ֮䣬ȴһһ֮ᣬҲ֮֮
һֱ칤ɽѹһʹ칤ɽֻһţȴɽ޶ɣ칤ɽǵʵѹڣǰڵһ
£аɽǿʢʱҲ칤ɽ൱칤ɽϯ볤ϯӣȻڰо˼
˭ʤһѹԷţһ򲽽ʮ֮ǿܾǸڵԡ
ʱǵʤȻҲŵʵ

ӰΣվǾҶȿڡ
ĿŶǸ·СŮһݵŮȴҲӹһ˿ǳǳؼɵһǿѹ񣬰ν֣˵ĳһսѾӣյóԸ
ְɣ
棬СŮḡԣЦҶҲһŵϯӣû־ѽġ˵⼸꣬һֱдսȥǾ᰽֪ôˣҵʶʶ
᰽
ҶͫȻһ漴еɫĳҲʶҹǲ紫ǰɲ
ḡԣʱٴοЦһ٣ҹ֮ϵĹƺʢ˼֡
ڵԸӦ룬Ǿɣȳ֡
Ҷϵɫԣɫһ䣬ãǾĳͲˣ
ֻһţȻ£ȻתȻӰһɾ춯أηĿֲƣ˲ɡ
˲ս֣һǰն
ǰУʮɫϸӰŮȴһնϡ
ǳڹ쾭һȻ̫ƪеĵһһɣ
Ҷֹһʩչ˳ڹ쾭һҲԶаһսȻʱк֣δȫһΣȴ۷塣
һƣ²˲ɫһߵаҲ΢΢һݣ̶ɫѿ˼֡
һսȻ֣ûиѹ
漴ЦҲûȫȻСˡ֪Ķ֣ҵѹֶΣϡ
٣ĿԴɣ


726 ҹ
̨ϡ
Ҷ⾪춯صһḡҲɫ΢࣬Ȼһ٣ҹ˲ȴֶһɫ顣
˲
˫һһ֣˲ɫĻ䣬һȥĥҶĽơ
֮Ļ䣬һǰ̣˲ֲȻƣҶĽƣҲɵһһĥڵִʮߵĵطòֹ
ҶһȻḡǰȴǰˡ
ΪѾǰͲɱУˡ
Ǻǣ
Ȼ
ԼĻѾĥ˾ҶĽƣḡȻŹõĻᣬһ֣ٴĻ䣬Ʈ򾣿Ҷ;һһը˿˿ֲĿ
һճ²ҲҪˡ
Ҷ״һȻŲˣ·һֱۣȥ
ڶ֮һӰۡ
죬ḡ۽ᷱٶȸ죬һһʻǰ̣𣬷·޾գҶֻûӽȥһһ¡
Ҷ֮
ҶһһܵʻȻͳȥԼܱ߱ըӰ
۾һתҶḡͣҪԳ
Ȼ״ḡȴһУ΢΢һЦʥ꣬־
ɫУʽ仯ΪɫȻɢƮҶǰ
ҶȻ֪ͬѰ䲻ãǳֽһնþ紵Ȼã·õģȻն֮
࿴ۣ˲һԣԴһΣȻ֮
ʱҶ־ʲô˼һʱ䲻ɾŭӣȻһȣСҽģ
䣬ٽ֣ȻųһĿİɫ⻪Ȼ
ȻӴЩɫ˲佫ɢղŽնƵǰȴ·С󣬲һ
ӴСˣıЩаֶΣǰŪˣ¼¡
ḡ״΢΢һЦҲΪ⣬ûһУܶԸԳڳĶŵӡ
ʽһתȻʥѾջشУȴг˸ղеҹ
ȻˣͽҵֶΡ
䣬һ̧ҹϰգת滺ӿȻһĳ߳״ɢ˺ббľҶ
е飿
״Ҷһҵμתһȣ쾭ڶʽնޣٴγ֡
ó뾣Ҷȫһڰн㣬Ӱ˼֣˳ԾǣҶȻȴ˵ø죬·𲻵Уɶء
Ҷɫѿ˼֡
ȻʹͬΪƷȻȻԶԶḡĸҹ
Ȼˣֻһˡ
Ȼһ䣬˲ͳһųĵһס
˲ſȻǰȼʣһӴǧơ
һУ˲䣬еһƶˣΪһ׵Ľ£ֱḡš
᰽
ḡ״һϲƻȻûʧ
̣
ḡһһҹ˲䱬һǿڹһȻ᰽з˽ȥ
Ҷ״ɫ԰ףһٵ
䣬Ӵ룬˲䣬ͣǧƣһ˲ȫΪ飬£ͬһֽꡣ
̨ΧУ̨⣬ƹ⾪ƣɳһ׷ױɫɺˡ
ܣ
ḡ״Ҳ¶һ˿֣֮ɫȻſһ£һھѪͷ֮ϣҹЩƺȻһȻһѪơ
ȶҹƺĳЩ֪仯ˡһȻȻΪߴСͬһںڵܣḡǰ
֮ϣһ죬ĽӲûһ俪ҹḡ
ֻ⣬ǽһսҲûʲôͷˡ
ḡ״ȻʱƣȴԲͷɲϼ½᰽ľҶ˵ȻƻĹƷ
ȻҪ󣬾ĳȻʧġ
Ҷ״ƫͷḡһۣȻһҧٴȻһߵ˲ٴðŰ׹⣬Ȼһǿд߶ʴ
׹ƺƵƺȼգҶϵϢһʱ
漴ǵϹͷ᰽֮УȻһȣ
һȣ᰽֮УаƣټȻƺƶһſ壬ЩȻһ
ͷȻƬܼɭȻ˸⡣
ŵĲϹ룬˹һ㣬ڣһԽ쳹˵ĶĤС
˻ӦطƱɫһɫӶ콵Яǧʯ֮ƣɨµḡ
ḡ״۾¶һ˿ȤɫȻջ˸ҹУһȻˣҲһ칤ɽͨ󷨵
䣬еĸҹȻð˴Ŵŵĺɫ档
ḡϣͬȼɫĻ档
Żһ𣬻澹Ȼ˰֮ɫһ·ͬСһγһԺںɫСӡ
칤ɽڹƷнͨ󷨵һǿһʽӡ˼䡣
һΣʩչһʽģ칤ɽǷֲܣӥϡ壬֮ѹʱǷֲ£ǧ׷ꡱŷ綼ɫ䣬Ƿˡ
һΣḡʩչһʽӡȻʤһգӴƺǼӳ˸ҹ֮ԭһӡضΪ֮㤵Ϣ
һ̣ͷգͬʱֲƣΪµĵӣɷ׷׺ˣֻĵǽ飬һɫ䡣
ս̨ϣһЩڸ߲㣬ǿߣ಻ɷ׷ױɫɫѿ
һΪ칤ɽһλֲ㣬һҲΪһսļҳ̶ȣǵʣԼϳǷֵܵһʽ
ǣڳоųɾϵˣǲܣ
𰸣궼Ųܡ
̨ϣɫѾ£ḡӡҲƿնϣڰպȻײضһ˲ʧɫ
̨һ˲ķѣĴֱΪ촷ۡ
ƺߣҶḡͬʱɶǣҶֱӵ̨֮⣬ͷḡȴǿ̺䷭ڵѪ칤沽תһ£̨ͣΧ֮ڡ
価Ű䣬Ѫ̨֮ľҶֿͬɫиҹоƾɼֵḡ˾ʧ
֮У֮⡣
Ȼܾˣ̨սվḡʤһսֻ½֮컹ټսˣҲûмˡ
칤ɽϯӣİϻḡȻ鴫


727 ĸ
ж𾪣ܲܽܣ֮һսȫ콫еڶֵľ
ȻʳִǻҪæһΪ̨𻵣Ǳҹ޽һ̨
ǰ²ûһ£˵ڴ̨֮սˣжǿ󣬶
ǿ߶ս̨ǾȻֱը飬ǵı̬
һսʤḡҶ£ʵ֮
ҲˣضǴ֮һ
ɢȥˣһҹ޻
ڶգսٴοʼ
һսϯаϾˮˮͫ
㵶תߵʩչʹˮͫʵȫҲֵʮУܣҰܵķڷԹԡ
ڶսɡ
ΪԶȨ˶ڳˣϾġʿȡʤ
սӣһǧ˿Ӧѩߺš
ͬΪӣҲʢӣһսҲ˲˵Ĺע
ԣעҪʧˡ
վ̨һӦʦ㣡
ӦѩҲһ䣺ʦܡ
˱֪һս㻹ܽȥֻҲҪ²ˡ
Ȼ飬ֻдһʤɲȭ֮һԻж
ĲȭӦѩ˸ӣ˸Ӧѩ̨һƬлʤһƬ顣
˭ҲûٺЩֱ̨ȴһ̨
ս˺ͫԾźҶɡ
һƾУʵսգͫԪʼͫʤ֮ͫҶɵһĿؼսͫʤ
峡ʮʤѩʮһǶɺС
ϾӣϾʿʱսһ֪֪ס
ȻһΣΪΣǶûֱ䣬Ҳȫ֣գǵвʤѩ
ϾǶʤѩ󣬻õһμƷʵǡ
գϾʿϵһĻʤѩʩչһ˳ضɷʱΪʹˡ䡱ǶСУҲòʧܣΰܱ
Ҳǵڶֵһսʳӣӡ˾Լ칤ɽϯӡİϻḡ֮䡣
ûκɣʹ˾ʵȫҲǡİϻḡĶ֡
ԷûжյõƷҹǾʥ飬Ͱ˾Ūڹ֮УʮУ˾߲Ұܶˣḡٻһʤ
ˣλսĵڶֽλսֿʼ
һսһžҶˮͫҶʤ
ڶսаĺŻаʤ
սɣߺɲڣԶʤ
սӦѩ飬԰˺ֱͫӽͫ䣬Ӧѩʤ
սźҶɣʮһǶɣǶʤ
սʮʤѩʮ˾ߣʤѩʤ
սʮḡԶаһսݡ
һսаʩչһصǿǳÿһͷһͷޣֲ
ܿϧϵĶ̫ǿ󣬾ҶսʤȴҶҰḡ£аȻҲ⡣
ջǼֵʮУնܣҲ˴һĿ࿴
֪֮ǰʵûоȫҶɫҲѿһЩ
֮ǰȻûб¶᰽аҲûʩչصȻʤ֮Ȼܲı䣬ҶʤûӼѡ
Ҳϳ׵аս֮󣬰ѫõĽ֮һصף޵
˵һǿ޵Ļ֮ȫϰɹаʵδḡ٣ԣĿǰû˵ز޳˶ʮ֡
Ҳ˲Сˡ
ḡаս֮󣬵־ͼһ֣Ҳ֮ʼ
λս֡
һսϯӡһҶ֪ҶϾ¥ӡʿ
ȻֵúۣʵҲϾʿʱôˡ쾭ľҶ֡
᰽δҶѾսʤ˶֣ٻһʤҰܡ
ڶսӡ񵶹ӡаԡ롱ɡ
Ȩаɻʤ
սϾˮˮͫ콾Ӧѩ顣
ˮͫʵȻֲӦѩǰ콾֮һʵڸ涼㶥⣬ڶʮһϣˮͫܣӦѩʤ
սԾźšŮҶɡ
˻һۣҶ֪ʵ֪УƤҪҲԲȭʤӦˡ
ȭʤΪҶɻӦѩһӣȴ˸
״ΣӣһЦ
Ҷȴί̨̨֮ʱۺԹĿһۡ
ٴαԿЦ
ʵһսĽĲǺ⣬ԲŻڶһļ˭֪Ҷɲƣʤ˾ʤˣˮҲаΣ
̨£һΧȺڷ׷ױʾܽܣһ޵̨˸
˲䣬޵һʯͷ֦ͣ׷׳Ҳǳˣɱܹֱ̨ƽϢŭ
սӣŮͫϾ콾ʤѩ⡣
ʹͫԪʼͫǿؼٹϣҲвʤѩʱ⽣⣬ʤѩȡʤսֻͫС
սϾϯǶСУ칤ɽϯӡİϻḡϯ֮Ľ
ǶɱϾᣬʵҲԶ޷׷ڤḡڤҪԴοǶɡ
ޣǶɺҲֻϰܣḡٻһʤĿǰȫʤս
սҲǽһսʳӡ˾ߣԳϯӡһҶ֪Ҷ˾ߺȻһֵֻ棬᲻ɴݣݵأܣȷþҶҲһæҡ
ϳΪĸ棬˾սõĽ֮һǿ
Ҷ᰽ǧ߷£ֻҲ޴ӣձǿûӲ˾ޱȣֻϰܡ
ˣֵսȫٴλϢһ
ˣԽսҲýζЩʮ㣬츳ԸߵģǴһսУǳо۽󿪡
ȻӦѩ飬ҶɵĲڴС
Ҳڴս
Ҫսڲӣȴûм˯ţץʱ䣬ƣǿʵŹһ˿һĻᣬȴŵڶĵ
תۣһҹȥ⣬ͨ嶥ٴӭֵ˳
գ˭ʤ˭˭ΪӮң۷׷ףսٴοʼ
λս֣һսϯӣһҶҶң롱ɡ
һ߹սɲڣҶ׻ʤ
ڶսϯӡ񵶹ӡа콾һǧ˿Ӧѩ顣
սϣӦѩ˵һգҪúаߵһս徳ʿϣڳ档
̨Ŀӣжһ˿⡣


728 ޵
Ȼôһ죡
аȻЦ۶һµӦѩ飬ֿ˿Ͼս̨ķ򣺡ΪǸ꣬˵Ҫһսһһ񵶣վȻû˻һսӻΪᷢ
û뵽Ҳô죬Ȼ徳ʿϣӵһսʸ񡣡
˵ʵҺܾȣҲ͡
Ӧѩ飬ҵŮˣΣһһҫٻԶʤһͨӵݡ
ԣ̨ϻȻһµŮҲɴһ˿ɫ
аΪ仰۵ģ
ǺǡӦôûϵģһʶ֮Ĳ࣬ʱ˵ͻıˡ
аΪ⣬ٺЦ˵
ȻȻɫһ䣺㲻ҪʶҵߵôգԸ
䣬Ȼһţ̶𣬷ְγı񳤵
㵶һ޵Ļߣһ˼ĽǶȣȻһţ쵽ĿѼӦѩ黹ûзӦѾǰ
ۿֻҪһ£Ӧѩͱһ룬һΪ
һ̣ӦѩȴͻȻʧˡ
һ̣ѾаȴһźλӰ
͵ϮҲı֮һô
Ļ
һԽĽӦѩ鱳İϻ˲俪һѩĳϻɳڰһȻͻΪһֲĽ⣬аġ
á
аһУȴҲŭҲ϶ȻһһƬ˲仯ΪһۣܵӣӦѩ齣֮ǰ
һĽƷѩȻ̲ƬγɵĻס
궥ۻ
𵶣
ֱѩɶأаŻع֮ϣһ˿аȵЦ⡣
㿴ߵĿ
䣬һףеı㵶ȻϰգȻһ˲תֲĵܵĿռ˳һڶϳע롣
ն
аٴһȣֺȻУȻðŴŵİâǺڶ֮Уסתı㵶ĵõӦѩһն¡
꣡
㵶ǰգ˲·һնķѣֲĵƺն칤ɽҷһʮɴСĿֲɫâ
Ӧѩ״ɫ΢Ȼٴһӣѩ·ɻؽϻãȴٴȡööƣͨ콣
ս
ббһӣͨ콣֮ðһϹ⣬˲佫֮ĿռһΪ롣
̨֮ϣȻƺγĿռ䣬ͳԷָ
аһնϹĻȴôҲ޷ͻ룬·һʱգӦѩ飬ȴһ硣
ʲô
аʶ㣬Ҳ΢΢һ㶡
û˵һöƣܵĿռ˲ָأһȴҾͲţһо޷ָռ䡣
䣬㵶ٴμаϳ˿ֲ⣬·ˮһڶ𣬽
Ȼȼ
һ̣㵶֮ϣֲĵٴαǣɫԽԽԽԽܵգƺ
ƣ
ǧǧն
ֱһ˲ǧٴΣ㵶Ҳһ˲նǧٴΣǧٴεһնǰɫĻ֮ϡ
˲ֻꡱһŵĿֲ˺𣬱ɫĵһûǰȻѣٴԼţ磬ºΪһ塣
ˣҰܣ
а״¶ϲ֮ɫһЦҪʤ׷Ӧѩܣȡⳡʤ
ûܷ츳ܳŮķģԼӶĽ֮ģί¼ޡ
õģʵǲпġ
ؽ
ӦѩϵĿռ䱻ƣҲΪ⣬ɫһ˿ֻǷһеͨ콣ٴһâǰһ
һ̣а͸оǰһ˵ӣڶ԰ߣȴ·ߡ
νĽؽ𣿽ضϺ·ĽȻ
аУҲɵ¶һ˿̾ȴΣģ֪ƾֶΣսʤӦѩģаɫһ䣬˲ı˵
޵⣬𣡡
аͷϿգֲĵ⣬˲һͷͻ״̨¶Ӧѩһ
춯صǽضϵĵ·ɲƣٴγ֡
аЦ
Ӧѩ飬Ҳ԰ˣԭһУֻ׼ḡһʤû뵽ҲܱƳһС
⣬У
תתһç״קź¡¡ĿֲӦѩѹ
ͷʮɳҡͷβʮĵһ˿ľѣǽɥ
ӦѩȴǳˣֻĿͷϵĵƬ̣漴ԭˣˣ
ͨ콣־
һֳڣ˲ͨ콣֮ϣ⻪ţһޱȵգаͷϷȻȻһײ
¡
ֲ̨һ̣ΰޱȣ޼᲻ݣſĵͷ·©Ƥ򣬼ٵ˥ȥ
аɫҲǲһףܵƵķɣڸ˲᲻صһЩСˡ
Ȼ˵ˣСˣ
а״ɫϨӦѩ˼ٲֻʤ
ظ״̬֮ʵӳ󣬸ޱȵ޵⣬һһ֣ԱӦѩһһ
ʮкаеȫʹһ飬ʱӦѩʹѩ
׷ѩȴɱаΣеġسɴܣܵһܲС
ѩÿһƬѩһ⣬ÿһ⣬һɱš
գûУ䣬һƬѩӹգѪһ֣аϣ˲һǳǳѪۣȻת˲ţŭޱȡ
ŭûõģһ̣һöд̳˲ۼľࡣ
Ų֪ʱٴηѩϻӦѩ飬а޷ţȴܲţֻܿɬϰܡ
̨֮£һĻͬԼ۾һĺ֮㣬ȻսʤԭĶ֮һʵԽܡ
ʵҲûԤϵֽ
Ȼ뵽ӦѩǿҲû뵽ǿֵز
ḡҶаڳˣǿƵӣ֮һȻӦѩĽ£һ˲䣬Ӧѩ鴴һ˵

а̨Ӧѩ鿴̨𺳻ȺȴҲûʲôı飬ԶϷս̨һۣҲת̨ʱ춯أȥʱҲֻơ
սˮͫսͫսҶɶ˾ߣսһһּȥ


729 콾콾
սУˮͫԲ˵ʤ
˶ԸԵʵ֪һʯ֮ͬ꣬ҲûսϢʲôģˮͫŹ˼ΣҲֱˡ
ҲûǫʲôģΪ徳ʿޱʵΪ̨ϣãᣬҲȫûǸҪ
ΪʹˣˮͫҲǰһյĳɼɿܻܲ룬ƽ˷Ļᡣ
ˮͫҲ㣬㹥˼¾䣬˷
ڶͫսȴ˴۾
ܶΪһϾġʿȡʤϾϾҲǰĳɼĸ֡
ȴһ֮ǰС⼸ſʼϱһ
ȴͫʤȻʵͫȴԪʼͫСؼ֮⣬һĵһ㲻ؼ֮¡
գߣͫʤ
ȻϣʵգֻóԼ׾
Ƕڱ˶ԣ˵ȴڳˣΪ˽֮ͫˣȴö⡣
ã⻹ͫûбֲֿɫԭΪֲ̫ˣһȫ˵һμ徳ʿ޵ֻ֣ҲûмͫĶ֡
Ҳһʤ㡣
Ϊǿ˲䣬һ˷ٻɷɻҵʱͫһʲôҲͨ˶ѣڣȴѾѨڣʵǡ
һ˿ֲĻ棬ԴͫȴԶԶسԽͫǵһʲô
ȻֻͨԪʼͫǵֻصĻġ
²⣬ͫڳˣҲʵǿḡҶʤѩȼˣ΢һ¶ѣˣҪܣ
ҲΪ̫ԵԿƣ̨ϣֲսͫҲܱ
գսʤҲ˼ޣյΣڴ֮УҲ̫ߡ
Ҷɶ˾ߡ
Ҷȡνȷ˴ʧɫ𾪲ѡ
ϾһѼƷĳ֣ǼΪ𺳵ģ¶Ľ̰顣
ǳһЩڵĶ֣ҲȲѡ
ЩһԼ֪Ҷ¼ŵĵӣƺǱѰһӴŵ֧֡
ټϽҶҵЩҲֻʱϨ˼
˳⣬Ҷһ䵥ñҵᣬǾ˵ˡ
ҵǣҶɶһЩȤһֱŵĵվһټ徳ʿϣĿڶ࣬κһϸСĶ˵۾
ȻҲû˸С˼Ҵ⡣
ֱӸŵĵһڣչ;Уеĳϻڲ࣬ŵҲҲᡣ
ȵţΪ°˴󶥼֮һǰȫޱȣ˵ƷһҲûܴ⡣
ҲչسʵǣҲ޾ڱ˵۲ˡ
ϾƷҲûУһЩ϶һѣû˸Ҵǵ⣬ΪǸʵס
ҼʹʹֶΰɱˣõǵҲ֮
ϾһѼƷѳΪŵı־Ʒһг֣˭ɱŪþ֪
²ɱģֻǴӱеõǸҲܵģΪУ֪ĸŵƷ㻹ãҪеǸ
½ϣʱûмˣܳŭһŵŭġ
ͷ棬Ҳϲſóʹá
Ʒϡ֮쳣һͻ˵ע⣬ôҲΡټǿ˵ľ͸ĵģ
ĵòײ࣬ƻƷףòʧ
Ϊ˶һţǼֵ顣

ҶֱֳνɫĽϣӳϣ串һɫɴ¶ĵطȴҲԵøˡ
ȻһѶӳĲս˾ȴҲһĸ֡
ħ֮ħ࣬˾ߵķѾ˾
ټһսĽƷƷף˵ڳУ˫֣ҲԲΪġ
Ҷɵıνѹߣ˾ߵĹҶȴס
գڵʮ֮ϣҶɱ˾һֱ֣Ӻ̨ʧܡ
һսһЩˣټʹν֮ʱȫ۵Ŀ⣬ܲӦսȻûôֻ֣ǲݲ³ܼء
˶սɵһսΪԷڣֱʤʤȣѾ䶨顣
սȫĴֵ߳Ķײٴγ֡
Ͼףʤѩ콾İϻḡ
һǽЩð죬ˣһȴƵӵһײһڱ˶ḡ뾣ҶһսĹע
Ϊḡ뾣Ҷһս˵ƶ֮֮սḡʤѩ֮䣬¾֮Ĳɱ֮ս
˭ʤ˭սʤˣƵӸʤһѹˡ
һʱȫ˺Ϣֹ۾һ˲˲̨ϣִŵս˫һκһϸڡ
ḡʤѩ
̨£ʮ֮һУĿҲ̨ϣһսͱһ档
ʤѩʵ̾ĴڣԷյǼǿֲ⣬ô˶κζԿĶ֮С
ḡһͬΣյ泲Ѩȫ
ô˽ȥֻǰ˸ˣḡʼգǱΪǿһ
֮սһһ֮
ȻҶˣڳУҲΪֻʤѩһˣḡһһ
ԼȻԼʵΪţҲΪĿǰԼӦû߱ḡһµʵٹ꣬һϣ
ȫϢĵȴУӰһʻ£òʮСŮһʤѩڻվߵ̨ϡ
ʱһ˲侲ֹйâͬʱֻгϵ̨м䣬âţһʱʹ˵۾


730 诹
Сֵܣ㻹ĳȤýأǺú׽׽
Ŷһ£ѩӰḡʥ飬۾иֳһ˿ֵĹâ˵
ȻʤѩȴȫȻУֻǡǺһֱӰγķ̽ѩָḡɣ
ɫĽƣͷλʤѩУ⻪תĵһƬ䡣
ǺǣȲѽ
ḡԣٴνЦһ£̶ɫһ࣬ڵҲգǾķڷ̨ɣ
䣬һеʥѾֱӷϸ߿գһƬɫĹ⻪
ʥ飬־
ʤѩɫͷȻһƬɫ⻪Ȼ壬Ҳӹһ˿ء
徳ʿϵǿ֣ģ
Ų΢΢˰벽ȻһгƷķ̽ѩųһƬĽ⣬ͷǿɫԲ鼱ȥ
ʽһնɽ
ֲĽк·һƬâ뵽ɫ⻪֮С
ȻĺȻȴûг֣ɫɫ⻪ڵĿռ֮ȴȻһ̶ͣɢʤѩ⼫һȻʹ޹
֮
״ʤѩϺһ¼ڹǴޡ
ͬʱľҲʼ֣ĺ⿪ʼԲʮɷΧԽԽԽԽŨŨҵĺ⣬̨С
ܵУһЩεˮӣ¶״Ȼγһſϸı
ľ
棬ḡһĻЦһֹС
䣬ͬʱһӴƣƣͬããҹҫǳֻһ˲ͽܵĺȫɢѹȵʤѩı塣
ʤѩʱڲ΢΢ɫ߽׵ľ
֪ϴѵõĴУʤѩҲûһҵ˼ֱʡȥе̽һ˲ȫ
ȼнȼѪ
ͬʱʩչʤѩΧĺһ˲仯棬ȼϿʼ˸˿˿𻨣ɫĵ𻨣ƾȴ̺˿ɲΣա
һʱʤѩɫЩ԰ףȻͬʱʩչĸԲС
ӦģʱʤѩϣҲǼҺܿ쳬ḡγһɺضµѹһɽ㣬ḡܵڰҹһѹȣɢ
Щ˼
״ḡȴûκܵ˼۾¶һ˿˷ܣ˲ʥ飬һĳ
诹
ḡϸ׵֮Уһ˿ϸСˮ̶ˮ󣬾Ȼת֮ƣֱʤѩ˲佫ʤѩԼѹȳɢɢһ¿ֲϢֱʤѩ
诹
ʤѩ΢΢һ㶣漴㲻ɵɫһ䡣
ǰһϢḡսϣ֮ʱõһƷҹһ̺һ˿ˮϵţ诹
ֻһֱḡûʹãʤѩΪûѧᣬѧҲôҲͽˡ
ʱԣ֪¡
ͬһγɵǧУʱƾշָʤѩʤѩţУֻ±˲˵ʬ޴档
κУҲ˲䱻ɷĩ
֮赲
ʤѩҲͨˣ״ֻ֮΢һ漴ɫͱЩ
꽣
һȣʤѩһһɫʱϰգԶ̯ðĽɫ⡣
һɫ⣬飬ɢնΪ֮㤵ϢֱˮгȥտʼʱûеĽɫܿͱûʧӰ١
۵һ̶ȣൽԼڣḡʩչǿֲɫˮУҲɳ˱ļɢ
ף
ḡ״۾֮һţһرСˡ
ȻⲨ诹Ը㣬ֻͨѹһˡ
䣬˲ȥ诹ɫбʹɢıԵʱһȥ̵Ȼ˲Ȼ󱻽ɫⶴɢøɸɾ
Ľɫ⣬̨ϵգḡܶ顣
ߣС
ḡһȻһ֣˲һĳ
ɷѪȼơ
һѪɫĹƣɢſֲĻ棬ͬһѪɫֻһͽн⵲УȻһӣ⵹ɶʤѩ̶ȻǽʤѩԼʤѩ
ţ
ʤѩĻüͷһ壬ƶ䣬ѱܹн⡣
̧ͷһƣɫ̺֮Ľɫ⣬Ѿһɢ룬ʣҲ֪࣬ƾֶΣѾʤḡԼҲͽ
ýˣ
ḡ״Ų˲ΪһڹߣֱʤѩƮͬʱƿٽӡѾǶ칤ɽڴ󷨣ͨ󷨡
ͨ󷨵һڤͱʬ
ڵĹ棬γһͷŽߵĹűýһԾ˲ʮɵľ룬ʤѩǰ
ɫ۾УѪâſĴڣɼݣ
Ųת
ʤѩ״ʩչ£շתŲ䣬ȴɰѲͷɫű׷٣ʱͷ΢ݡ
ǵƷͨ󷨻ޣΪ̬ȴҲӵ޵ԡ
ȥˣ
ʤѩ״ֱʩչǿǼĿǰΪֹȫƿصĿֲ⣬˲䣬ˣʤѩڣһǺȻʡ
һɲĽ⣬֣֮ԽԽߣԽԽߣͬһͨ쳹صĹңң˶ḡ
ʱ⽣⣬ٴγ֣һΣԱϴζԾǶʱǿ١
ȻҲֻбڽʤѩĽҲġ
ţ
ǵ⣬ḡҲɵöȻͣ˽Ų˫΢еһ˿ɵ֮⡣
ڤĺڱ˲һ㣬ֱӴӿķѣΪ˷ɻҡ


731 ̥
Ʒ飬⽣⡭
̨˵۾ж¶֮ɫѾʶһεǶɣˮͫϾǿˡ
¹ӵĽԽԽˣʹսһΣСɮҲԶԶ
Ƕҡͷ̾еҲûʲôįɫϾʤѩҲµ콾ϣ衣
ḡ˿̱˶̸ܵ˿ǿ󣬱ϾǳУΨһֱ˽ˡ
ҵȷСˡ
һ̣ḡһЦɫҲȻʧޱȵĳ侲һμˣǲһ
Ҫ֪սУΣյʱڣḡҲû¶ݡ
ƶӣڵϯӡһҶ֪ҶʱḡҲû¶ݡ
ʤѩʩչһĪ֮ḡɫȻޱ֣أ·ٴС
ǾֻУ΢һЩˡ
䣬ḡһȣ
ӡ
ˣ
˲䣬ҹ֣һӣڵ͸ϸ߿գת˸ССţһ򿪣ųһһڹ⡣
ڹһγһһСɵѪڴӡ֮ǰʤѩǵֲ⻺ӡȥ
ն
ͬʱʤѩͷǵҲ׳ͣһɫľͽӰңң·ḡһ
ܵգ·𶹸һ˲䱻һ롣
лδ£̨Ȼǡһ죬мΪ֣ƫƫȴһ˿Ҳû𣬷Ϊ̨ҲɿһͬδκӰ졣
ʱڿ̨¿ȥͻ̨֣ᷢ£ѾȻһʮɵĿֲѺۣҲӣƾ֮
׾޽ѪӡڰкȻײضȻһþûлָɫ
˶ֻá䡱һ죬·ײֲĳ˲佫ýͬ紵ߣңҳЩϵļʯĥѪȴûһ˸ָҲûһںЩ
Ƕ׷̧ͷ̨ȴ̨֮ϣ̾þδɢ
ãӰٴֶ֮ԼԼȻֻǸ˭Ҳûе̨
⣿
һĻ˼һ˲ʧԼ۾
Ĺ˵ֻֿͨǿͼԵֵ
ڣ籩ĵʤѩḡˣȻ˭Ҳûбɣվ̨֮ϣңңš
һĻñǹս̨ߴļλʳҲ
ߡƾ˾Ƹɫ΢΢һ飬۾ӹһ˿ӵı顣
ĸֻ֣ѾвԼĴˡ˵ĹҲ˵ٷ֮һܽ¡
ԼѾʲôͣʲôͣ
뵽һĻƾ˾УͲٴӹһ˿ļɵ
ˣٹʮ꣬ǲ޵֮УҪ
Ҫʮֻ꣬ٹ꣬ˣѾûһԼܿ˵Ĵڰɡ
Ϊʳ˵ġƾ˾ƣҲһɬ
֮ţ콾Ϊʲôǳʳһţһң
Ǳ㹻ǿټϺҲ˳ɫܴǧ꣬ʢò˥Ȼ
Ȼɵ˾Ҳ֪ˣ׶˵Ĵڡ
ḡ˵µһţ칤ɽ
ʳĻ壬Ҷµһδļ̳ˣ칤ɽ͸ҽǧУʳΪ칤ɽս
㿪սʳҲδӮ
ʳȻ½һʳ¸ڶ࣬ǧ
ЩĶǰȴֵһɹ
˼ɵģʥʣ֮ˣɾͷԲӵ˴Ųʵѡ
һ壬ƿصЩʳĵ֮ڡ
ˣǿʱӶѡ
ʤѩҲ򵥡
һ¼ңȻңʳУʲôȻ࣬ҲԲ١
¼ұ󣬻һˡ
ˣ¼εĴ̤Ỷһߺ֮ףպá
Ȼʧͣûʹȥ϶Ƕʲôطʲô
һڣʥʲ壬ǣԷһʳΪУʥʲܳˣûһõĶ֡
ʱƳʹطΪԷĶ췭ظ
ԣ˾Ȼ𾪣ɵ˵ʳɳٶȣȴҲΣֻܿǼȥ
̨ϣսȻûֹ
һḡŶʤѩɫ֣أʤѩȻĳЩ꣬ǿˣȻԱҵһòҲʵ
ⲻǽһʽ£ḡ䡣Ӳ£Ǻǡ
Ц£ȴЩ䡣
ϸͻ֣ᷢḡ࣬һͷ֪ʱѾʧеĸҹ֮ϣҲһǳǳѺۡ
ƷһЩμƷĴڣȻʤѩһ֮£һƣ
̨£һЩۼˣһĻ󻩡
ٿʤѩȴ֣ղͷǵͽ⣬֪ʱѾʧɫЩ԰ףǱߣһ˿ֵѪ
ҪǣһֱȻղһḡһͷնϣȴǻˣҲù
ܱḡصöࡣ
ãһʽ
ҲһȻڸˣƽţ漴ȡһصɫĽ⣬֮ңָġİϻḡ
һʤ
ã
ḡĿʤѩȡĵɫ֮ӹһۣ۾иһĨأ૵ȻһϹŽ̥ǣ̥
Ͼʿ̨ѡĽȻϹŽ̥
ʤѩϾףϾ׵ĽʱһߴμƷգʤѩȴѡȡöֻһصĵ⣬ļֵ
ḡĻ̨Ҳ˲仩Ȼ
̥ʲô˲˽⣬˽ˣȴ۾һ˲ͨ졣
˵ǧǰµһʦһֻ뽣ʱû칤ɽʱ½ʦеĴ˵½ֹʦү
ƵһСǧ̺Ӵ˵꣬ͿԼ꣬ҲԽԽԽԽǿ
Σ
ڶС֮ʱȡ˵صֲڤ˵һնһȶ˲串ӴʳһۼڵĶͬԶС
ǧڲԶߣ֪٣˴˵ǿֱӺ绯ʧ˼硣
Ǳ˶־ͼɵһʱû˸Σ󣬴˽ʱλⷨĸ֣һӡӡص㣬ȴǴ½ܣ顣
ҲȥѰҹټûһɹ֮䲻
νİǲִֻһߣûгɵǱոյõѽĲϣһΣ뿪
ѽû֣ܽнֻܽн̥ΪֻԼи״δδĥûƳһ̬
ΪʱʹõϣһƷģСĸֱ̥˱֮Ϊ̥
˽Ϊûôƣֻ䱾ֵǮˣֵҲ޿ɹ
ҪǣϾǲһƷȻȫûг͵һ˵ϾµƷǧ˼䣬ҲͲôӡ
ڣһ˵Ѿ绯һ򱻷ӡδ֪ŵأΨһؽߣȻֵǷ
û뵽Ȼµı⣬һʤѩϾʿ޵һĽȡ˳˼䡣
˵ʵȻڻȫûƷһ˵ļֵֻ¸ͨμƷɱȡ
ƷҲδرˣȻʵԣ϶缫ƷˣʤѩȻܽ±ȡҲˡ


732 ϶ʽ
ҲãҲʶһ£ḡѧ
ḡһУѾ΢ĸҹΪһڹ⣬ɻ䡣
ʤѩΪ徳ʿޣҲ߸ԶʩչһеĻᡣû뵽ҶûľʽȻƳ
϶ʽ
䣬ḡ΢̧˺һһָ죬һָأһɿֲϢʼӡ
ͷϷһ޴ͼ˲両֣ǧḡһ䡣
ʲôʽ
̨£˶ףû˼һС
ڹϯϵʳλԼ벽ġƾ˾ƣȴǲһ˲ɫ䣬˲վǲ֮ɫ
ⲻܣ
칤ɽôܰôǿľѧ̸һӣḡһѨӣѧϰ˾ľѧ
˵ǲţһЩ칤ɽӣ״Ҳ㲻һɫ㶣ǲ֮ɫ
칤ɽڹͨ󷨣޵磬ĵƷ񹦣λеƷнס
֮ͨУһΪ߾һΪڤ֮ǰḡʩչͱʬӡС
˾ֻҪ칤ɽһλһЩѫˣлᴫڣԵ칤ɽֲӥϡ壬ŻһУҲֻѧеࡣ
ӥһеĽʽӡ
ڶС칤칤ɽһĻԣȡڤΪռ󲿷ݵӣϣϰֻѧϰĳ̶ǳһѡ
ȻĶ϶ǲ⴫ģֻ칤ɽһЩС
ӵʼܹϰ˾ͼ٣һǴ˵񹦣⴫Ҳûмǿ츳򷨵ʵ͵Ժľѧ
ûУ˵ȫûˣ칤ɽһЩ̫ϳϣλÿ˶ϰһͨ󷨡
ǵ̫ϳϣǵλϰĳ̶ȣҲ͵ľΪ칤ɽеİ壬Ų⴫
칤ɽã칤ɽմȨļλ칤ɽ̫ϳϣҲûʸϰ
ͨ󷨵ͨ齣ֻһʽֽͨһ
˵һգһɽӵĪĪ⡣
ͨ󷨵ƣһʽֽ϶ơ
϶֮УһԪʼڶеǷһֱ϶ÿһУֲ쳣˵ֻзܹϰɹһƵ϶ʽûзϵʵѧᡣ
ͨһл˵Ի飬ս޴󣬵Ǻ֢Ҳء
ݴǰ޵һλħͷɱ飬˸ҹܣǧѪǿгƷޣһͻƵڡ
ЩɱУȻеʱ칤ɽɽĶŮ칤ɽɽѸ󣬲ȻŭɽѰħͷһս
ʱǷڵ칤ɽɽʩչ⻯ٻһϣ˲ħͷѹɱ
ԼҲһΪϣΪһˣص칤ɽû󣬾գΪ칤ɽʱһ¡
ԣȻӵпֲͬʱҲӵпֲĺ֢һ㲻һͷû˻ãͨ󷨵϶ƣ칤ɽĶ书
ڣḡһ칤ɽӣȻ칤ɽϯӣȻܵʩչ϶ʽһУѹôʳĹִ˴ʿ޵ġƾ˾˴ʧɫš
УʤѩḡʩչǼ϶ʽȻʲôƷҲ֪ضʮֲ
ǣ˲ҲҵǹĽ⣬ٴγ֣·ˮһе̥֮ϣҲʲôʽôͨͨģǰһӡ
ˣ
ضȻѣһ̣ʤѩӳһִͬƣһ޵Ľ⣬ͬռ䣬ب֮ͳ֣˸ŰϵĹâһ˲͵ḡǰ
ʱ飬ռʧȥһ֮£
ʱḡҲڶˡ
ָָص˫ƣȻһϣһָϣһָ£м䣬һɲɫ˸˿˿𻨣ŻֲϢǰһӡ
Ϣؾţ

Ұˣķڷ
ã̳Уһ΢ɳƵ
ʤѩһ³ǰʱȴ˵Ǳ̣ȥһƬ°Ҳѵ֧飬ǵѪԡ
ḡҲù˿Ļ֮вϳѪǰһʮɵӣӱԵ֩һѣ滹нݳ
ֱ̨ӳײˣûѣûбɢֱͬĨȥֱӲˡ
Ȼһɵĺ֢ǿɲġ
Σʣƴһǣվʩչ϶ʽḡʤһΪ٣ϵ·ܵƣҲԶʤѩ
վĵ̸һЩʤѩ̥ǿнԭֻܴ߶Ľ⣬߶˽ɵ
վ̥һıʱʤѩõһѱߴ˵еǧѽ˵ˡ
˾ǰˣûκνڡ
ο֮ḡʲôûУɴһ㣬Ҳɼ˸¡
̨֮⣬ǳؼ˶ͣһ仰Ҳ˵
±ʶʤѩḡЩˣʱҲĵ𺳣һɫҪǶսģһЦʧ䡣
һУﻹȥսˣֻ½սûˣҲһ·裬ûм˻Ƕսɡ
ΪһеѾʧȥģûսԷ
ʤѩת뿪ḡŶԷ뿪ıӰ۾УȴҲûκϲ˵ɫĬƬ̣Ҳ֮һ߿

ѾˣɸоղŶսľ޴ɫף˫ȷ
ԭ̨ڣﻹֱ̨ӾڳǰḡʤĽһ£ȻȽŷ뿪ˡ
ʣµˣԭҪսҲȥˣһΣϼ̨𻵸أΪػƻˣûһʱֻԴɹ
˸ɴתȥˣϢһʱ׼һ
ɢȥ뿪֮ʱɲ𺶶ηŸղһսԼУԼеκһˣܴʱѾ˰ɡ
һ˶ḡʤѩ˵ʵ֮ǿľ


733 ѩ
ʱ̨֮´ɣսȥ
˿ʤѩḡһսļսȻҲϾʣʣȴ֮ǰ۷һսȥԶ˿Щ˯᲻
ȵǶ뾣Ҷϳ̨µ΢һЩ
ܾ´УۿһԾ
ϾۣԳϯ
˵ʤѩḡ¾֮ôǶ뾣ҶһպʤѩһһҲḡһ֮¡
˵ľսͬĿ
롪
롪
̨֮ϣһµľҶɫ࣬һ˿˵ŭ
ۿʤѩḡһսȻƳԼûƳľʽȻԼҲûȫ˵ԼһϾ˶磿
Ϊ¶֮һڵϯӣҶȻ̫أʣȴҲԲȫں
Ϊⲻֹϵ棬Ҳϵ¶ڵ
ԣ֪һĶ֣Ͼʤѩһ֮⣬ڶǶСУ۾Уһ˿˿ɷۣ첻ɢ
Ǻ
ȻȻȻʣҶָǶɣһ־ǿҶƮɵĻҶһƬһƬͬ裬ɱϢ
ǶСҲ˿壬ԸƻӶ䣬һɫƷҶȫ⡣
֮󣬼ҶòǶɣҶһ䣬תܴƬƬԪҲ漴֣һεĽߵֱֱǶؿڡ
ӷ𣡡
Ƕɼ״֮ӿܷ˫һϣ˲佫ҶĽУȻһѹ
е㱾¡
Ҷ״ɫһ֪ҲǸСĶ֣˲֣ʴʩչȼİ׹⣬ͬȼգҶϵϢһʱʢ
һɣ
쾭еĽٴγ֣ѩ׵ӣڽ֮УضµϢ
ӡ
ǶҲҵ䡷ȫתƣһǣִһӡŵƺƵƣڿлΪһȻȥ
ҽ
һսҲϲң̨֮ϣ𣬽ƹԣһʱ˭Ҳκβ˭գѹС
ǶƽľҶȴЩͲסˡ
йȥսʤһ˵ӣʤѩḡղһսҶȻһˣٲɣ᰽ٴη콣¡
Ƕɺм״֪ûֱ棬һȦһȦɫΣн⵲⡣
ȻɫȻҲǿ󣬵ͺξҶɲֻ᰽һֶΣ콣µ˲䣬Ҷ˲䷢˳쾭е֮һһն
˲䣬һ޴İɫɶ˲佫ѱ콣ҡҡ׹ɫ
һ̣ǶС֮£ʱһǳǳѪۣԺˡ
ƶɮˡ
״ǶûսֱɢȥȫȻƣǰľҶһݣ˵
ʶࡣ
Ҷ״ҲûٿǶɣһ̨ǶСУ뿪ȻҲ֮뿪
˼һսĽȻ⣬ղžҶ״̬ȴЩľƺΪʤѩḡһսƣЩͬˡ
ýп֣һɫЩѿʱȴǿЩʱ
Ϊս½С
ֿʼ
һսʤѩɣûʲô˵ģʤѩֱӲսʤ
ڶսǶɶа̷ھҶ֮ǶСٰа
Ȼǿ󣬵ϾͲΪƶӾ
ټϣȻС䡷ȵƷϽ׾ѧͬаҲͬΡ
ķֽҲƽȻȲ䣬ҲͲסаֶΣǰսѷѽ֮аʩչ޵Ƕɾ͹ϰܡ
սˮͫͫͫԪʼͫˮͫĸʽ㣬ջʤ
սҶɣҶʵȻǼܲסԪ¼쳣ӰѸپףȻҲǿֵϰʽջܡ
սҶӦѩ顣
һ֮ս
˴۾鷢óϯӣһҶ֪Ҷڷˡ᰽Ľɱ֮ǰֳֽͨƵӦѩ顣
ӦѩʩչѩѹסҶĳ쾭󣬱˽ͨеǵӰ
Ӱֳ־޽һն£ҶܲѪˡ
ϯӣܣ
ˣ̨йսѾ𾪵һ˵
аǾҶ׷װһ֮ϣ˵ȥȻδжඪˣ٣ȴǱض顣
ټ꣬ڵȶ¶ڡڵϯӣһĶϣΣһ䶯ġ
ȻսӦѩٳΪʲôͨӣλһ𾪵Ըӡ
Ӧѩ龭һսҲ׳£ѩƺԶ
ԭĳƺţһǧ˿ûˡ
徳ʿ޵ˣȻûг׽ȴѾȴȵĽһĴУֻ»Բ͡
ͬʱҶаȣȻḡӦѩ£ǵʵͬõ˵ĳϡ
Ҷаȵţߣͬǰȷ˴֮
ǵսаһӣ
ոһӦѩ飬Ѿ˴⣬һεǲֻʲô漣ĿԴ
ҲϵĵһֵӣҪĶ֡
ϯӣС
ͬʱҲǽձֵһ˲ɵһ۾ϴֺ


734 â
̨֮ϡ
һۣɫаϯӣ½ġаվɫЩؿһһߵԼǰġ
ܸһӦѩ飬ѾĪĳ裬ٰܸһҪûˡ
˵ΪҶսܣºù˲٣ϾҶǹϵıǿĸ֡
ˣ˲òӦѩĿֲʵȷǲ磬Խʵ
ڴ֮ǰֻһûϵСѡ
Ȼйͬսִ񣬵ʱȥаѾޣ˵ǰûУҲϡ
ȻҲѾΪΪϾǿֻⷴаãϾ˶ѡ
һδɵСУܳΪϾڶһСҲܳΪϾǰڶǶСж£Σ
ϾҲḡòΪ֮̾ʤѩֵһ¶ѡ
֮ˣУϡ
ȻЩϣаҲ̫СǣϾովΪСӦѩܹһǾ𼸷־Ӧǰ΢Ķ֡
ֻ뷨аȴڽսУĳ˿
ΪȻսʤǶɣ֪Ͼ֮ʱǶɲûн֣Ϊ뻪һսˣò˳ս
ȻǸʱҲͺǶƽɫʱ˿̵Ȼֻ˶̶ҵʱ䣬ȴѾȫͬˡ
ʱǱʱսʱڿɱȡ
ʼ
һ£аʱ̤ǰһһ˾ֱȥ
ƶ;Уһ飬Ʒ㵶ѾʣɫĵһĻߣֱȥ
ߵ
Ļ΢΢죬Цһ¡
β²аʱе뷨ǿԼûʲôսپڱǰһǿıѡ
ֻϧעʧˡ
ѾСɵӰʩչη·Ȼӿʧаһʱնڿմ˸һգվֱӣɵɨܡ
ٶȵӰ⻹һ徳ʿʩչһʱ֮䣬ֹ̨ϵаһ㵣š
̨µΧȺڣҲͬһ𾪣ȻѣԼ۾
ٶȣֻѾԺ͸߽װ벽ǿ˰ɣ
벽ֻһͨȼȼ֮УҲʵǿĲ
װ벽ָһЩѨ۷ǿߣո̤벽֮ԼڵѨӯԶԶûдﵽޡ
ǳװ벽֮
װ벽ǽ
һЩư벽ǿߣȻЩս벽ǿߴͬһ磬Ǵﵽ˾ʮ꣬ʮꡣ
ʱڣҲȫ޽ڵѳӯѨ޿ɽ֮£ѹȻȴо޴ı仯
ԭѾ˸֣Ȼࡣ
ټʱϰĸֵҲо޴˵ֲεİ벽ǿߣ֮װ벽Ҫǿöࡣ
ȫʵһزʵʻҲ޷ѹĳ̶ȣһΣнװ벽ļޡ
һˣ׻λʮλװ벽ǿߡ
нװ벽ǿߣַΣѹĳ̶֣Ϊװ벽Һװ벽Լľװ벽
װ벽ѨѾʵʣͬ壬򷨵תˡ
һͻ֮ޣɹǷǿߡ
ȻǸƿںܶ˶ԣȻһȴ֮ңεİ벽ǿߣѾӵһݷǿߵʵˡ
нװ벽֮ϣи߽ףͶװ벽
߽װ벽Ѿ鵤Ѩӹ̬ԣΧһȦɫӰȻȶȴȷܸоǾǸ߽װ벽塣
ȼİ벽ѾҪɾͰ벽ʮ꣬ʮ˲ܴﵽѾһЩʵ콣콣ˡԭ棬칤ɽڷӵȣǸ߽װ벽ǿߡ
ǵʵԶͨ벽һ֣նɱͨ벽ͬ£ǵĶ֡
ڶװ벽˵Ѿ̤һл׷ǺЩ߽װ벽һ˾͵ͷںϳɹġ
ڳɾͷ֮ǰһʱ֮ڣûгںϣȴѾںϽ֮Уʱڣű֮Ϊװ벽
ȻʱڿܺܳҲп̣ܺܶһĶװ벽󶼱سɷҪôͻʧܣɣҪôںϳɹһ졣
ΣҲ޵磬£ǿһСˣ޵磬߽װ벽ǿ߻ʮλװ벽ǿߣһֻƶù
ʱЩȴٶȣԺ콣ˣڷЩ߽װ벽ǿʱٶȣ˶𺳡
ߣ
һаɫһ۱
Ȼ˫Ŀٿطɳϵ磬ɨ˷ܱ˲価۵ס
ҵˣ
һȣ޵ٴʩչһնаͷϷһֻͻͼΣ쳤Х
⣬
һߣӰܿаĵһûüתͱаٴ֮ʱܶʱһ𵴣ռԶֲƣӰųٴΣȴԺһѣ
ΣȻǿ󣬾ȻӰ쵽Լľ
΢죬Ҳȫ޾ɫ
Ȼаһȷǿ󣬵ľȴΪǿ깦һʩչֻǼ΢𵴣ԺеĻȫһգʶٴλָ
һ޵ͶҲˡôҲҸ÷ʱˣ
һӰٴʩչָһһ͹ӵͭŽʱУһӣͼžںϼʮں֮Уʱʩչ
ɽӣ
ɫŽʱ³һޱȷɫâֻһ͵аǰݺֱա
ʲôȻЧ
аһ֮󣬻ûϹֱЧԷֿǿһ㣬Ҳ˶΢ܵһӰ죬Σ΢΢һ֮󣬾ͺûƵġ
ҶԷķҲеľҵһѳȥͬʱϿǰ
ȻɫâٶȺ֮죬Ȼ󲿷ݣСݣ令
Ϊƾ߽ǣܶԼĻЧã˶Ŀ࣬ŵ鷢ˡ
һ˲䱻֫⣬ѡ
ɫâ֮أ˲һͲа۶һѪͬʱȵ۾
̨£һƬž


735 
㾹Ȼ˵ңҪ
һʹʹͲţа˫Ŀ˲ˡ
ΪֵһСɫһϳȻ͸һ̵ĽѵûнԷΣԷȴֱһˡ
ȻֻͨƤ֮ˣȽȴܽܵġ
̨洫Цһ˲
֣ʥ⽣
һ˲䣬аϣɢų˿ֲĹââգһ˲۳һ콣ճһ¡
ڹֽһʥ⽣
ϣһ껿գҲʩչԶԸס
ڣаʩչ֪ǿ˶٣Ҳɲ˶١
Ȼûá
Եٶѹ£ٴģܵգʧ
ʹаٴοǶϵۣ֮˲׽ĺۼָʹ޽Ļն£ȴΪһһ֮䣬˲ʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ѾʩչֶΡ
Ƚ𽣣
һӣâȽ𽣳֣һ˲Ǵ󣬻ΪһŰ״ľ޽Ϸ
Ȼһ죬磬Ƚ𽣻ɻأеǾ콣ʧ
ʱ䣬ڹ˺νԼµٶȣϾĹаǱâÿһγ֣ͱضиаķһΡ
֮ٶȷȫ汻ѹƣַסâаòǱ䣬ǲźͲʡ
ٲźͲҲûãĹܱһһ⣬ĹȴûЧķֶΡ
ѹƣ䣬ֻǳ顣
ų̂µһƬȻҲą̂
ʱЩˣѾʩչģȻһμƷҺȻһר˻ļƷμƷ
һ֣ʱ˲ɻȻ
˶óһļֵ
ʵ˵ԭаƽ֣âͶаγѹĽͬʱͬޱȡ
Уһλƾһ֮ͻƷףΪˣҲһ֡
û뵽ǳһѩӦѩ飬аҶ˾
ֳһһ֮ѹа޷֮ò䡣
ǺεˣţǺεȲҵ顭
ܶмȫѹƣʲô󿹺⣿
һңпͼɵͬʱҲòһʵ⡣
磬󷨵һðӦѩ飬ͫЩ㣬ԭڵβĩָ޵Уһĵλ

ûȥ˼ô룬;һս˶ĿȻͬ
λ֮֮󣬾ͼȴһս
˵аյ㣬иĸҪս
֮ˣҲ̫࣬ûκսʤİգḡʤѩ羣ҶԼͬʦӦѩ顭
ڻаûκνɫ
Ǹıһǫͽ̬ȣԴÿһҪԵĶ֡
һ֣Ҳǵֿʼ
ͬʱһս֮Ҳʽ̨ϵļλ߾ο¼봫ܹǼˡ
˶ЩţⲻϵԼž޴Ľ
Ͼǰʮͽ봫֮ҲǽȻͬġ
֣һսʤѩԻ
Ͼǰ֪ʵԱȣ֪Уñȣֱ̨¾䡣
ʤѩḡһս˶ǿʵû˶ڻ䣬κγЦͷ̵뷨
ΪϳܽҲͬ
ڶս롱ɶսϯӣСǶɡ
ɲڣǶɻʤ
ͬʱһսȱϯױȷʧȥʸ񣬽ʹڳУҲвμκһսʸֱĩλ֮żսС
Ҳ˵徳ʿޣһȷǵʮҲһΪ롱ɡ
ӦõĽʳҲ취͵УֻǵͲ͵õɽӲܣⶼҪ˿ǵ顣
ս
սѩӦѩ飬ʳӡħӡ˾ߡ
Ȼ˾ߵħĸҲѲ³˿鲼̨˾γУӦѩӦԶֻһ
һնǧ˿һ
գ˰˽˾Ѫˣǫ̀䡣
ˣѩ֮ʢḡʤѩˣ֮ơ
ӦѩҲﵽ㡣
սϾӣӡˮͫԱһҴӣŮҶɡ
һսƷطӰ֣ˮֳּͫƷνҶս˸൱գֳּƷҶɸʢһսʤˮͫʤ
սаһ˵ӣŮͫ
һսûٳʲô⣬аܸӣӦѩֱٰܸͫӿһĨ˲ӣһսø棬ȫʵ˼ޡ
ȻͫԪʼͫҲǿؼҲȷգǰܸ˳нʮ꣬Ϊ̶Զġа
аһûȫûһӰ¡
Ȼֻһ˵ӣôһ߲ǡ
սḡˮͫ
ʧܣѾˮͫʶˣȻԼΪʯһоƷطӰ֣ʵǣʵϾˡ
ʵǲ½Ķ콾档
ɱǰʮѾǲУǰǰʮҲѡ
ԣӿʼĵ䣬ʣڵĽƽѾնΪƽĵӦԽÿһս͵ĥԼˮƽ
ḡûκ뷨ֱдͷʡˣֱ䣬̨
ˣˮͫҲų˴УԴˣȻЩźҲò
յһսȷϾĵӣ롰ʿ֮䡣
ȻʵǰҲûнվ̫̫ࡣ
һԱȣȻ
Ȼ̨ûսУȷԼȫ޻֮󣬻ˬ䣬Ͼʿһսûշת
ͬĶսҲʤ٣ûС
ҲһʮεĵλȻϾģΣ徳ʿϣѡȡĴչʮϣӦҲûжٻᡣ
ôĩβļˣɶЩš
һսĽڴһĻ٣ƾ˾ߵ̨ǰһƣһ޴Ļ
Ļ֮£һԲת̣ʮһֳ˰˸̶ȣƾ˾һҡԲת̷תٶģ塣
̨£˶ŵĵɴ۾ȴͣµһ̡
תͣ£Ǳ徳ʿޣմ֣ôĩβĻˮͫҶɵˣȻޱȽš
˵⣬Ĳ⣿
ʮã˶ΧȻĩλҲá
ϧõģʵվǲпġ
ת̽һָ֮ͣ£Ȼһдġš֡
ΪţϹţ֣ǼΪһ֡
һĻЩһ¶Цݡ
ˮͫҶɵȣȴ˲оȫʧصϣһ


736 սҶ
ƾ˾ƿת֣ͣҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ߵ̨ϣ̨µ˴֣ʼһھš壬־ŹоƷ۳ŵһԾŶ򹲷־ء
徳ʿϻþֵģָ˵ģȻ˲ҡΣúսɣڴǵı֣
˵꣬˾ƾ̨˲ΣҲɢȥ
һҹ޻Ȼ
徳ʿ޽еڶ죬һ죬һʼҶɣˮͫˣͶǰ档
Ҹս֮󣬾԰ܶʤΪ֣ȷԵ֮
˷ֱλеʮʮһԼʮ
ֻһҲûгֵġ롱ɣȻףеʮ
ҲǱ徳ʿ޵Ĵ֮
ΪҶȷԼܽУսҲͶ˼⣬գ˾Ƚʤ˰ܵսΪʿ޴֮ĩšħΪ֮һ
˾֮󣬵ڶսģӡŮͫʤ߰ܵսλдĩλڶšͫ
ͬΪ֮һ
ǶʤܣһսͬΪϾĵӣ
ȻӦսʤһλ
ϧϾʿϣǶվûϣ徳ʿϣǶɰܸаȴսʤаԶ
ȻʮУžٶȣһרĶȥǶСеɫ⻤֣ջʤ
ǶСǵƷϽ׵䣬ҲԵֵĿֲʵòϰܡ
Ƕɰܸ֮ճɼȷʤܣ߲ͣйоأλеšΪĵ
ٺ󣬱ǵĽ
ϯӣа֮ǰ֮УѾֱܸ˾ҶḡӦѩ飬ˣҲֻʣһսǾԡʤѩ
ܿϧʤѩḡòʹзܲʤаḡʵƲаʹٲʣʤѩһս֮ҲֻǲҰճ
ʤѩûʹֱ̥Ӿʱ⽣⣬а壬ɻʤ
ˣ徳ʿޣҲȷǾϯӣа
֮ǰģΪǰһûܡ
ʵǲпģ徳ʿϣϯӣаû취սʤҶḡȺܸӣɳƳ衣
ټϺðһʤѩμֱ»Ҳ̶á
ڱ˶ԣǰ㲻ԣʣ⽫һԶΪЦ֡
ϧаƣŭı䲻
ֻ˵һðˣֱ̫ǿˣǿЩƶӣǲݱĳ̶ȡ
󣬳лҪǰģֻʤѩḡҶӦѩ飬ˡ
Уֵһ۵սǾҶʤѩʤѩӦѩ飬ӦѩϾҶӦѩḡս
ȻҲսҪ
ʹʵƿսʤаҲԽսûʲô̫İա
ûģĶ֣ʵ̫ǿһһǿֱǿס
ҶİϻḡԼʤѩ
ÿһһ徳ʿϣһһĶ֡
սʤһס
ȻҲսɻһһȥֻǽΣѾҪˡ
˵ܽ徳ʿǰ壬Ѿһ֮ǰ붼Ρ
徳ǰ壬ǮöȺһݣݸۡһһνĻᡣ
˵ʳشд׼żԿѾ룬ģһҲϾʿʱϧһС
ֻҪܽǰĵĽһģҲ׼ǰĻǵʵ𶼲
֮ĵһսӦѩḡ֮죬ֻǺܿϧӦѩʵǿḡӷͬСɡ
ֵġ϶ʽμ徳ʿ޵˵һԿԽż
ӦѩʩչѩͷŽͨе͸ӰͬʱйգҲѵḡǼǾУ϶ʽ
ʹˣҲ˹Ŀ࿴ˣΪ󲿷ˣḡһжƲѾϰܡ
Ӧѩ飬һˣˣ԰
ٴһ㣬ʱٳһ㣬һսĽҲ˵
û˾ǰˣӦѩ鵹Ҳƽ̨ͣȥҲûκʧɫ
ḡĿؿıӰһֻ̨ۣͬҲӹһ˿𾪡
Լ˴Σ΢ƣսʤ֡
ٹʮ꣬Ҫôã꣬ԼѾȫǴ˵Ķ֡
󣬶˸ʲôĹ̥
ڶսϾҶ󶥼ͣһ̣Ȼ㡣
̨һ£ƣ˵ġҶҲɸеһѹ
ѹԡаӵеġ
ȻУҶʵԶаһġ
˵ʵĻǿ
ȻһʼҶͱµٶȣԼԽǿƿ
쾭תð˿˿׹⣬׹зơеȻһһɲĺۼȫ͹
һɣ
һС
ͫһӰʩչ˲䳯ԶȥܿһУͬʱʩչذһƣĽơ
ϧڵġ쾭ƷױߵĶţҶ쾭ʱ䣬ҲԶΪ磬Ϊöࡣ
ƣ
֣һƳһֻư׹ƣźƺƵѹڰкȻײ
һ죬Ѿ޳ĵҲԶԶǾҶĶ֣ڣæâȻɳ͡һ죬һɨԷš
ںϽ֮һڤ
ʴ
ԥҶ߶˱ط׹ʢֳֳ֣Ŀ⣬һȻһ鵭ȻҲһ㣬Ȼʧ֮С
ٴγ֮ʱһն£Ȼϣð˿˿棬ɲ
ȼ
״Ҳòʩչؼâϣһâ˲¶ٶȱǡ
âڰкȻཻһֳִ̣μƷռһˣһΣâȴ޷ȥҶϵİ棬ͬʱܾܼͬʱ˷ȥ
᰽ٵǧ
״ҶһһУ˲ͳǾһס
˲ſƻΪ£̨ɷԲ
β˸ܿһһ޷ȫܿòʩչǽ𽣣Ϊް嵲Ϸݱһʱ
Ƚ𽣻ɵŰ壬Ҳֵд벿ݣ޷ֲֿһɶأСɻ֮С
ҶѾһУһֲ죬һΣܲû⣬ӽһƮ̨
Ҷʤ
ܡ


737 һս
ϲеĻҳת߻صԼλϲһ˿ʧ֮ɫ
˵սĽʵԤ֮ڻڼֲμӣֻΪӡ֤ԼʵͬʱѰķѡ
ս˵ùߡ
ƽʱƾУոһߵĶּΪѵãҲ޷þˡڣȻѵõĻᣬȻŹ
ңղ뾣ҶһսҲûȫ
һ߻ָЩƣûжá
ȻΪԼʱ뾣Ҷ֮仹һ΢Сľ룬ɴ׾ĵ֮ĽһģûҪ¶̫ࡣ
ȻЩֶΣϾʿ޵ĵӿ٣ϾԼʵ
徳ʿϵĴ󲿷ݵӶԣһİ֣ǿԽ٣ԺΣʱİҲԽ
ԺսҲӡ֤Լ뷨ںʤܡ
սȥ
սѩӦѩ飬ԡʤѩ
һһ콾һϾףղŸḡƴܾˣ˵սɳǾʾף˲̲Ŀ
Ӧѩѩشɱ⣬һѩƮɣ˲ͽ̨һƬѩ
ʤѩʱ⽣⣬նУ֮أų֣Ӧѩ鲻òˡ
״ӦѩĿⲻ䣬һУͨٴγ֣һУ͸ӰȻַһֱʤѩ
ֲĽֱͨսʤѩҲòݱ档
ʤѩг꽣콣£͸ӰնǵһĥַȻȲӰĽУʤ࣬ĥ
һ˲䣬գʮС
ڴʱӦѩټͨ콣Ľ³֣أϣգն𡭡
һĽ̺ſɲ˲佫սַת
ܿϧڴʱʤѩҲȡƣϹ̥ս֣һնֲɫקһֲĽֱۣӦѩ
ӦѩĽʱ˱ܣι󣬲һ𷴹ȴǴǰ
ʤѩԽԽսԽ£֮κκ䣬ӦѩѩЧ΢
ʮйȻʣӦѩ黹ڲ֧ܣ̨
ˣյսҲȫգҲĳս١
ͬʱҲ徳ʿеΣŽ
һʱ䣬˶Щڴѡ
ڶգնٴλͨ壬̨
սٴοʼ
һսԾḡ
ʹСḡʵ¶Էûʩչ϶ʽƾ踡Լ诹ĴƱƳ
գһйԾѾս۷壬ѾսȥֻҪˣ̨䡣
ԴˣḡٻһʤĿǰΪֹḡʮսȫƶӡҶаǺ㣬硰ʤѩѩӦѩ飬ȫ¡
徳ʿʵ飬κ顣
ͬʱһսḡҲȷԼķţ𡱡
ġָľеĸȴǷʤѩĽ𣬸ķţ֮ף徳һ
徳֮λ󣬱ǵڶᡣ
ĿǰΪֹֻоҶʤѩʤս
ȻҶʤѩǷһս羣ҶԾӦѩ飬ʤѩԾ
ӦѩǰܸḡʤѩˣܸḡҶˣǽһսʤܣҲضԵ֮
һսʤѩ뾣Ҷ֮չ
վ̨ͬİʤѩͬĽȻ
˽㣬翴ɫ磬̨ϿղϽ
ֲĽò˲ò׷˱ܣ۾
ٶʱսѾʤѩ̥֣֮ϣѪ
ҶҲܣȻǱһ£ưܣΡ
գĬãҶеɳƵصҰˣ㣬Ǹ֡
䣬ۡɫȻתףתͷһһѪЩ̨
ʱ˲ʶλڵľ콾սˡ
ȻԱḡһս˿ѾԤĽ֣һĻǰʱǻԼ۾ԼĶ䡣
ƶӾҶܸϾһӣа֮һƥ䡣
Ҷ䣬ͬһǵȽȽ
һս֮ʤѩض£֮֮ţʵ顣
Ҳḡһ֮¶ѡ
һ֮£֮ϡ
޵統֮Ķš
ǻһḡţһ죬Ƶӿ˵ȫīҲ̶á
ҶаսܾͲ˵ˣʤѩӦѩ飬˵˵һ죬˵ӵķԽԽء
ʱҲĹͷսҶԾӦѩ飬Ծʤѩ
ϵ֮Ĳ㣬Լ֮Ľ棬˭ʤ˭һʱ˵ڴ
ȿʼģϵ֮Ĳ㣬ϯӣҶ㣬ѩӦѩ顣
˽Ĺ˭ʤ˭ͽñ徳ʿ޵֮̽λ
ʣ͵Ľͬǰ֮λκ˶ضģһսҲ൱ҡ
ܿϧ֪ǲʤѩһսҶһ㰵ˣӦѩѩͽͨƣȷѵ
գҶʹ߳쾭ʩչ᰽ǰӦѩλ֣֮ٻһܡ
ˣʧȥǰĻᣬ޵һʱΪ֮ĿţգڴȻĻ
ȻǰĵλãڱˣҲǷǳߵһȴʣ»Ŀʼ
󣬾һսԾʤѩ
ҲϾʿϣδɵһս󶥼콾ڴ˿̣ٴĿ⽻㡣
ȫˣĿҲڴ


738 
ͬʱ̨Զ
ʤѩȻЦֵܣһսˣֻһֱԸǴΣֻһ֣ΣӦ֮ϵĵһζսɣ
ԣ˵ְڳһʽ¹ָ̣
ָ̲ҵдѣɣ
ʤѩ״Ҳ΢΢һЦӭڵ
ҾͲˡ
ҲǫãʤѩʵжǿڽʱҪǿöࡣ
ԭΪԼѾ죬Աʤѩ֪Էûöࡣ
Ƕŵ츳
Ҳη壬ţԼŬκһˣպĳɾͣҲδؾκһˡ
Ųڵһ̤һ˱˲ʤѩ
Ʋ;УһӣâѾʣһâ֣âǵХ˲ֱϮʤѩ硣
úá
״ʤѩĿⲻֱӽ⣬ͬʱһӣ̽ѩͬʱӳһҫ۵Ľ⣬һڿкȻײ
ڤ
һĽϢ˲ڽഥ֮ɢȻںϽ֮һ
ĿǰںϵģҲǰ彣ڤһʤѩ費ֻнһȻ˲䱻
һ̣ǰۿҪѪ
ȻһĻʤѩȴϲ΢΢һЦӦ
䣬ӿ˲ޣ޺Уһ˲ʧһգڰգȻǰá
Уʤѩ
棬ҹˣ
佣һ⣬һȴǴԽԽǿԽԽǿһ̫ҫۣŴĿĻ򣬺նֱؿڡ
һ±УҲˡ
״֪Ȼƺһ깦ʩչǿûԼΧĿռ䣬һ˲ռɶͬһβ㣬ٴһѱܹһС
⣡
һǿޱȵĽ⣬ʼ֡
ԣ֣޹Ľܳؾ⸽幥ƺ޹ĽϵĽӰ죬âȻҲȴƾԼ⡣
â޹Ľ֪ǿ˶ٱâؾⷢĹȻ޹ĽؾⷢĹǿö࣬Ҳµöࡣ
˻˻죬âһβߣ˲һѾֱʤѩķΧ
һֲĽ˻һ˲˺ֱϮʤѩʺ
죬ݣ׼գ
ãƴ⣬ĳδ˭
״ʤѩɴֱɢΧĺľ˫ֺʮһŽ״
˲䣬ˡһڷһȻʱ⽣ٴγ֡
󣬽⻯Σһ޴İɫŽնֱֹӳľ⹥ȥһ˲ͽ롣
âϣȻâҲɷһϵâࡣ
ȻǸ֡
һ
һֱʤѩ˶ԵУ֪ǿ󣬵ᣬǲܲĿֲʱȻ֪ˡ
ʤѩʱ⽣⣬ȻԼľ⻹ҪǿΡ
ԼľڶʱٻüͻƣƺǶԷĶ֡
Ȼˡ
˲佫߶ޣľذâ֮ϣâ˲һһ̣ɫâ´ʢҸʤ
ʮ־
ƽתʮ־ͬĽ»˹һһʽЯſֲĳϢһؽһء
ʤѩ״Ҳҵͳ̥һӡ
ɫĽâڿн㣬ضȻһ٣ȻʤѩԷɳ
ʤѩֻ˳ȴ˳ʮಽ
ٿʱսƣѣâϣâ΢Ǽ۶ϣ֪̥Ŀ¡
ƷģȻͬΡ
̾ϢһֻǸոձƳһΣ̥ԶԼâ֪ԼеǼƷģгһգҲƳһжǿ
еǼƷģʣʯ׿лõǼ컯磬λƷнףһ㲻ʤѩе̥
촦й֮
뽫ƳֻһΣҲǧѡ
Ϊ粮ֵȼ񽳣Ѿˣ¾ͨһЩʦҲָҪ붯ΪҲܡ
ܣ˭ֻ֪᲻Ϊ̰е컯ֱӽ̰ĬΪأ
ʱֹʧˣɱ֮
˹ĵ֪ٴΣԼû㹻ʵ֮ǰȻûȥ컯ðȻó
ңʹ½ΪʦƷģƳĸʣҲĳɡ
ʦɹʸǲһɡ
ƷģʦУųϣһ
Ϊ컯ƷеģٻĳɵļʣһƷ
ҲųǻԵɺϣλʦվտʱ˺ᣬмСĸʣһƷ
ȻƷĳƷǼޣǧ궼һΣչϣǡ
Ҿ㲻ܣҲһƷƷĸҲ͡
Ȼ֪ʦΪԼһأҲļݣпܳʦĴأ
ԣʱţòϣȴԺ½˵
ҵƷϸƳƷƷĸʸǴ

ս˶ƣԽԽ˷ܣԽԽѸ١
ΪǴս˾㶼򣬸оһսԼĵΪ־һ㡣
кھˣ˿һߣ϶΢Ц
ȻһսȻЩյû¶˵ĿѾﵽǾд衣
д裬ҲԷֳʤ
֪ԼվʤѩһΪǱʤѩĶ֣գҲ̹Ȼ䡣
һսУȡĽѵԼ飬Ѿ󣬲С
䣬ʤѩʤˣ徳ʿޣĻ
ʮ˵Ҳȷ
һ徳֮ףȻ칤ɽϯӣİϻḡ
徳ʿ޵ĽķţҲ״ӡİϻˡ𡱣λ֮ס
󣬱ڶϾ¼ʤѩ
ʤѩʮһʤһܣֻḡһˣΪ徳ʿ޵ĵڶ֮λ
λ֮š𡱡
ڶһ֮ͬ⣬ӡһǧ˿Ӧѩ飬ϣһսʤƵӣΪ徳ʿһƥ
Ҳǡ
ӦѩšѩʮʤܵսΪ֮ף¡
ԭϯӣһҶ֪Ҷڵġ
ܶ˶õˣԭǣǽḡһ֮µĶͣܶ˶Ϊḡһ̡
ϧһ徳ʿ޵Ļͣȴ»üλڵ
ڣҲߡ
Ҷۣһӣš𡱣λ֮ĩ
ϯӣа
ߣϯӣǶɡ
ڰˣˣΨһ״ӣ󶥷֮һͫͫ
ھţҲһλʳӣħӡ˾ߣڷšħ
ˣΣǶʤߣǱ徳ʿϣӮҡ
ʣˣӵʮʮҶɣˮͫɣҲһݽȴԶԶǰ˵ٹˡ
ʱҲûٰĿϡ
Ȼ˵һ죬һأд棬Ͳ봫棬ֻһҲ֮
ʵĲпᡣ
ʱƾ˾ҡʮҲҲһٹ⣬ٹ¡
ҡǰˣҲĩġħ˾ߣҲҪһ֮ɽΪĶ
Σ徳ʿ޶ѾĶս˶ľƣ
㵽żʱ򣬷Ž
ʮ˶̨£ˡ롱Ȼûг֣ʮһȱ붢̨ġƾ˾ơ


739 Ǭɾ
ϲǣ
һվ̨֮Ⱥõĸ콾ƾ˾ƵУҲζӳ£ޱȸӡ
ڣԡӡ̬ǣǷŽ
Ҳٹ꣬λҪվ棬Щס
⣬Щ棬δλһλ׼ʥʣҼ̳ˡ
ģҲһ£ΪԼĴڡ
ԣȻĿǰΪֹŸ߸ϵ̬ȴ֪Щ˳ԽҲʱѡ
ﵽԼ󼰵ľ硣
Ʃḡ⣬δµһڣ칤ɽѨ磬͵ô϶ʽؾѧ̳ˣ˭ţ
ҶаǶɵȣ϶ҲǼ̳һڵĴڡ
¾ĻҶɣɵˣ̳һ壬ǧ壬Ƕǰ϶飬δزܿһδ
ԣȻվ̨ϣƾ˾ƣȴһҲСǣΪҲǴ徳ʿ߳ʱҲ˸ʮѡ
ʱҫ۵ҲôԶûһȺӢͣ콾Ƽ
Եʮĺܻûнĩɸߡ
һ˾ƻعֵΧ۵ȺѾһ㲻ͷƣԼЩˡ
ô컹ԼǷŽҲʮ˵ȥҲһٵɡ
ʱļԼ²μӹһ徳ʿޣҲһҫ
ûٶʲô˾ֱӿ˵ȣʮ¥ӻʮһšҶɣʮϾˮˮͫʮɣȡ
ԣֻǰǰȻڡ
˵ĽһֱǮöһöͭԽѡȡһƷµĲҩ
󣬱ֵš
µӡǶɡӡͫʳӡ˾ߡ̨콱
ǶСУͫħӷ׷̨ӡƾ˾нӹöǮһöɫһŵԿףԼһСӡ
Ƕеĺɫͫɫ˾ߵɫ˸ͬ
֮⣬һΣԿʹ͸ǵӾۡһǱСӣ͵һͼ޷Լѡ
Ȼ⣬ҲԻཻԼԸˣ֮кޡ
˵ͷһǶһȻ飬ͫһۣ⽫봢䣬Ȼôںֻ˾ߣͷһۣ۾¶һ˿ϲ⡣
ʣǶɣͫǻȱˣҸǵⱾҲ㾫
˾ߣȻĩϾʳĽԸĽõġ
Ȼֻһͼƾ˾ƣȴõǱӽмĳ̶ȡ
ʹĻӵܣƽʱҪһҲҪѲٵĻǻûô׬ȡġ
ƽ׵õһȻˡ
˶ֻǿθˣȻǰźǰĵλǽȻһġ
˵Ľõġ
а壬ģڵӾҶ̨
Ż£һ۵аһµԼȻľҶ׷̨
ǰǰĵĽֱǣԷţǮöȺһöݸۡһһνĻᣬѡһƷƷףƷ¸ر
ϣƾ˾һУǰ̣ͭиöһĽɫǮ
ǮԲڷǮһߣǮ
⣬öǮ֮⣬һöɫȺһϵθƵԿףһöӵнһĻᡣ
Ҷаˣױһ֣ԼǰеĶȻת̨
¶һ˿΢ЦʮöǮڴ룬һһö
ӦñҪشдʱ˰ɡ֪忪ʱ䣬һ죿
ǮǿصԿףͬڴд棬ǮҲдõģԶһһЩƷԺ˻Ὣ֮תõġ
һЩģ뾡취չ򵽡
ǣҲԼеıǮ˻ߣ˴ԿףȻӵлԵ
ˣЩҪǮˣǻ۵ģҪôһǿ߳ŵҪôұǷǳıǮпܡ
˶ԷöԷһݡ
ԵʱЩ˽أĿǰ˵ѾԿ׵˿϶лᣬЩֻöȴдܻˣʱҲпܽС
ȻĴۣȴеˡ
ҲΪʲôϾʿϣԸһ굤ҲҪȡԼչǸ˽ԭΪΪԼôӣôĳ룬һ㹻Ǯ
ҺڣոպùҶһöʡȥҲѵһ衣
شдģ϶һ
Ҷа֮󣬽ǰķš
վ̨ϵġƾ˾ƣɫҲ֣һЩ
ӣѩӦѩ飬̨ȡĽ
һΣأƾ˾ӦѩķŶ˳Ȼǵõĳϡ
Ҫ֪ʹ֮ǰ˾ߣаҶȣܳδĳɾҲԲСֻõԸڵȡϾûô֣ء
ڣǰǱȫͬˣϾǰκһ죬Ϊ֮ӣһʱǿ˵һΣġ
һ£ϻӦѩ飬̨ӹƽ¡
ȫı鶼ûʲô仯޼˷ܣ·ֻȻ
ȫˣһĿⶼעϡ
˶ֻ֪һ콾ĵӣԽʽ£½еĶ콾óײͬˡ
ʲôͬҲǺԡ
ٹ꣬꣬Ǿ֪ˡ
ΪʱȻͬˣҲֻ̬˵ʽȥ׷Ѱλոͬˡ
ӦѩĽȻҪöֻ࣬Ǯö
ҳ֮⣬͸ۡҲӲ˺һöݸۡһмһ
õмԶ˾õǱӽмĵͼɱȡ
Ȿмʮ˾õǲʹӽмϾмһٱҲȲһ
ڶϾ¼ҵӣʤѩ
һʮ꣬Ķ壬պãҲڴ¡
ڣʮȥȻٴһλ¼ҵվ徳֮ۡ
ʮǰˡףֻڶΪߺ֮ס
ʮʤѩˡİϻḡֻͬλ徳ڶ֮һ𡱡
ôʶĳ棬ôͬ緢
¼ңССһС壬ڽ֮½Ǹ󶥼ţҲδȳɼ
˵¼°˴󶥼ţ˶֮Աǡ
Щ¼ҵ徳ʿȡõĳɼȴа˴Ŷ޹⣬Բλࡣ
¼֮һ¡
ʤѩĽֱǮöһöݵۡһμƷһߣ߼һ
ĶǵţڴμƷһöɫؿһΣѡһ
߼ͬ
⣬⣬ؿ⣬ǴŸֲͬĵط
ȼͣϵĵطʹҲ˵ڣ󳼶л룻⣬ֻ޵֮˲ʸ̤ĵطڷŵģ޵˲ʹõı
ؿ⣬ȴֻȼˣʸ̤ĵطڷŵģʳǧռĶÿһֵǣϡޱȡ
̤ģ٣̤ؿģǧûмˡ
ڣʤѩȴһλᣬȻޱȡ
ĽҲûã˭ǣ޷ȡʤѩأ徳ڶ֮λԳеҫ
ڵһḡ̨֣ʱһ˲䣬ȫеĿ⣬ȫעϡ
ƺصĹâϡ
ױȡ
˸֣˵ش˿̣ḡдա
Ŀ¡
Ǵ˿ӵеķ⡣
⣬ḡδسɷΪµһڵļ̳ˣ֮
칤ɽδɽ̶֣ȴǳɾպ½Ϊһ˵ĻᣬѵȻĿɳŹ
õĽͳġƾ˾ƣֶǲġ
ǮöۡһƷоټ֮ȨҪģһƷһ
Ʒ
£ָĶڱĽ죬ƷÿһڸУκһ˵Ǻ䶯޵Ĵ¡
ĿǰΪֹܹҲͼƷһȫҩ񶴸зֵģһǸ춦һҶеıν
һ֪ĵƷϡ֮
ȻʹʳƷҲûжټûпɹḡѡĻᣬֱӱϣ͵ǰ
һâתİžžһǬ֣һգƺµ⣬Уá
ǬɾʳµĶ֮һû뵽ʹ͸ḡˡ
ϵĵ֣ƾ˾ƶûֵȼֻӵһμƷꡱΪĳ
ԣǵöͭʱҲɵ¶ԣãĽ͵ḡǰôᡣ
Ŀ֮£Ҳ̰īΪУʥµûκˣΥ
ΪʳĻ壬Ҳң


740 
ǳܽƷḡԼһȻ
ʹǼǬɾҲֻǳʼ֮ʱ۾΢΢һ˿⣬漴ȥӹн֮һתʹ̨
ˣ徳ʿ޳׽ܽΣһĻԶйսС
ʮվǣ߰棬ߺ
һʮ꣬Ѿﵽ۷壬һʮ꣬˭վۣ֮
ʮʱ䣬ߺѾΪ˴˵ʮվǣ߰棬ѳΪһ֮ۡ
ʱĳ֣ɹǰʱţڴ̨֮ϳľˣߵøԶ

ͨϽȥ̨ϹսҲɢȥ
ɴ߹
֮ǰɴߵһߣ˵Ȼˣҵ˥ݣҡ
䣬ɴʣҶɵˣȥˡ
ǲ׼μӽĴйŴ忪һûôǮҲΪһΣȫûҲһҶɣʮǿȴԵ֮С
ŵĴӳϾôӣλȥ˿϶Ҫһѵġ
ɴҲЦصģΪűͲսΪţѲǵһηƹͱû
ԴˣҲΡ
Լɱǰ壬ȴû취ŵĵҲɱǰ壬ǰʮܣɴȥҲûʲôð취
Ѱ˥ݵ飬ȻҲ룬ȴ֪ûôҵ
ԣ飬ҲֻпԵˡ
Ҷ֮ǰȴõöͭһ£ΪˣȿãҲԵԺת
ԣҲ˵ͷûж˵ʲô
ƾҶɵĹϵ춦νѨӰȡЩ⽻һƷҩݣ˭Ҳ̫ϡ
ƵҲûôں
صջϢһڶһ磬ˮͫˣȥһ⣬˸ȡһƷȲҩ֮󣬱ֿˡ
ˮͫȻؿջȴվԭأ
һҪǰȡļȫ룬аҶˣҪǰ⣬ȡһƷʤѩḡˣҪؿ⡣
ʤѩҪȡİ۽μƷһߣḡƷǬɾȻţƷоȴҪԼѡ
ֵȼĶȻҲǴؿ⣬ԣſڷֿ򣬵ʱȻ˴ǽ롣
аҶˣ˵ĽǼٵģĽҲûãרڵһڶ˵ĽȾָġ
ֻóƣŵ󣬱һ˹Ǵʹ෽һƧ¥ſŴľʿפأвٻǻԪǿߡ
ԽԽϢԼУаҶˣӦѨĴڣڰ¥
ʣǴ˵еĵط⣬Ҳͨ˽ڡ
ƣȴͨ衣
ػֻһ£С
ϾͣӵƣҲɵӣȻ뵽ոս徳ʿޡ
ȻףǰˣǾԵﲻĴڡ
˵Ժ󣬾ǵݵλʵҲ׺ɨǡһ֣û˭סǡ
ƽŻ򿪣֨ѽУͷĴֻһʱÿֻЯһƷ֮˱ֱӽ롣
֮󣬴¹ϣ˶һۣ볯ǰȥ
ڿһˣտյһƬţƺûκ˴ڡ
˶֪϶ǲܵ顣
ǺεҪڣѡֻһһ˼ӣ߲϶жǿҹػǰأֱѡһȥȻû˻
Υ϶˻ֹˡ
ǰȥݣȻͨ¥ڡ
ҲǣһĴҲһŻѣȻܷʲô߼ıϲ㡣
ߣҶаұߡ
Ȼ·ͬķ䶼һֻʶģ˻ǷֳӪ
ԴˣҲûô⣬ֱӽ¥֮󣬾ͱǰһĻԻۡ
һƳɵĹ̨У·ʵĸƷƷƷУȻμƷͼƷ϶ûеģҲǷؿУܳ·⡣
һߣ˹ȥ
̨еĶ֮࣬УҲÿһͷСǷ
УƷռɻ࣬ƷԼɣƷֻһɲˣҲ㹻ˡ
磬ƷƷƷʮϡٵģȴӵʮӽʮ
뵱սϣ̵Ȩ棬Ϊ˽м׳мһбͳƷѩ佣ͻ
ʱޱȣЩʧء
֪ڶ֮УӵƷģҲ޼ֻôļˡ
Ͼʿ֮ʱ޹ĽҲֻﵽƷ𣬻û취ŪһƷ
ֱˮͫʯһμƷâ
Ǵ⣬ˣӵһƷ
⣬Щˮ̨·ŵʮɫһܲͬƷѡʲô顭
⣬ʳǿ˰ɡ
ѾڸӵܻеƷһ֮Уô°˴󶥼ţֻûκһ֮ȡ
ʱ˿̣ȷһ۵ĸо
ʱҶаҲûдкһߣͬ
˵ҶȻаı㵶ﵽƷ𣬶ƷеļƷ
ټѸޱϣͨǸֱӿЩӵ;
Ȼ͸ֻѡƷҲغԵѡһƷҪǿöࡣ
ʣӵдμƷ˴ҲǱͬ뷨
ΪһƷĸѥо˸ҪԣһΣȻҲûѡѡһƷƷ


741 绤
йŴ忪ڼѡһܸõԼеֱʵƷǵ֮
һ·ǰߣǰĹ̨ƷһɨȥǹꪸṳӦоС
κ޵߽ҲԼı͸ϡֻ࣬ôȼ
ʣҲǷһȻԶû󣬵ȴΪ̫ϡ٣۸Ӹ߲µԭ
Ϊϣ˶׷̫Ż
һѷʣµƷ֣ȣһˡ
ˣʹʳ֮УЩƷһЩķҲûж١
ʥʸ˵ĽŻǣѡƷһҪѡȴֻѡƷµԭ
ΪƷ͸ʵϡ֮
УҲܴǺʹμƷͼƷһʳؿ֮У˲ѡ
Ʒۣ
ȻǰһһϢΪǿӡһˮ֮С
ߣһССĻᣬ֣̽죬ִ˿˿֮ɫԵϡ
ʣȫڶƷУۣŵϺš
ܿϧҪʹҪҲѡֱ
ҡҡͷǰߣһֿһʹתĹŽ
Ʒϼϡնɽϼ
һƷȣ
զ࣬ĿУֵȼӦû߰˼˫ʮ֮
⻹ֻƷƷȻû㡣
ˣʱţץʱѰԼҪ𱻾Ҷаˡ
ҲµӦҲҪѰҵͬ͵γһ־ϵ˭õ־˭ġ
ҲƷƷֱ̨ƷרѰƷƷ
ƷֻһɨżȻһһƷȹǺܿǿԼתͷѰҶȥ
ڣ˼Ʒ
һһĳСڤһסѴѡƷƷеȣֵҲơ
ڶһɫȣ߶һɢһֵ
һƷϵȸСߵȡеʮֺһעȻһȣǰޣֻҪΪûг벽ҪС
һֻʹߴΣʹһһһ䣬ߴι󣬾ͳɷƷҲʮֲˡ
ȴһŮʹõ·С޺¡ͨ͸ͬһƬϼ˼䣬ϣ֣ɴ
ҪСƴķΪֻҪעܵסκθ߽װ벽֮µĹ
Ը߽װ벽ǿߣҲܵλƷȡ
ܿϧǣⲻʹõƷȻעʵãôҲȥһŮ·ϵģֱԹ¿ȥ
ļƷеȵģȴǰ˲һ
Ѿߵͨͷһˮ֮пģڽ䣬һСһĶײпգܻ
Ȼ״̬£׵磬ȫԶԶȥһ׵γɵĹӡ
Ʒȷ绤ֳƵ绡֣һ˲󣬽˱УγһԷ򡣡
ţ
۾
״ļֵ
ȻֻһƷѾ޽ӽƷҴγһ׵簲ȫУ޾׵籣֮һ¡
¾Ǹ߽װ벽ǿߣҲѹΧȦڣС
ܣֻҲҪ׸
˴ֵһá
˵ҪǷ֮ãȴδزڹǣϴģ޳ͷ۵ķ޵ʱ
һַųЩֻҪҳ˲ܱɷɻңɳһΪǿķ͹˫ϵ
ȻҲ㣬ǱǣԶܷܱ˲ݻ١
Ҫǣ绤ڲȫģԶ̹Ȼһ̶乥ܴڡ
ʱӱܲãֻӲǾΣˡ
ˣҲĨ绤ļֵһ֣ѡֱӽߡ
ڴʱһֱֻ˹ȥֱٺһЦ˼绤ȿˡ
㡭
һתͷȥ²΢
Ȼûܸһʱ򣬾ҶаҲѾһߣ˹
ղִƵߡ绤ģһаЦġа˿һ⡣
е绤˿˿˸ȴܶıκ˺
Ȼûг׷Ŵ֮ǰֻһûйֻн߶Żγɿɲ
ٿһߵľҶѾѡԼзһСƵף֮ϣһ⣬ȻҲһķ
ֻаֿտգȻûԼģʲǡù䵽һߣǰġ绤˲۾һȽץ֡


742 Լ
ĳȷֵġ
˫üһǰһɫЩ˵
˭ͻȻغ̫绤ԵҲʮʵã봫йŴУܷ
Ǻǣ˵Щ𣿹ﶼ˵ˣ˭õ˭ġ
˭֪аȴֻǲмһЦûа绤Ĵ㣬һ˿һĲ֮鶼ûС
ţ
΢ŭһתȴ˲⣬ЦҲãֹϯӣ绤Ҳûþðɡ
ţ
ĻֹаҶ΢΢һһ鿴
ɲôƢˣʱȴ˵ôĻ˲ܡ
аΪݣʱ̲סЦס绤תͷߣ֮ǰǷ֮һɨ⣬ֻ˵Ŀ⡣
ȻĽһ仰ȴֲ˲һ٣ɫЩӲתͷʵ˵ʲô
ȴа֪ǰܸвǲǣʵ˵㣬һϯӣһͨӶ򲻹Ƕ˶ˡ
ţ
а绤֣ʱ֨죬ɫڵСӣɸ˵һ飿
˵һΣʮ֮ڣұذ㣬Ųţ
ãܺá
仰аɫƽֻƽ֮Уһ˿
ʮ֮ڰңܾûôŵĻˣ
ҳеСʵ̫Դ󣬿Ҫ֪ôдΪʤһΣӮˣһֻЩ⣬֪һרƻĴμƷѣһΡ
һΣʮ֮ڣұذ㡣
˭֪һ仰û˵꣬һ仰ȴһȻ۾˵ʲô
ȴаƽڵʮ֮ڲܰ㣬ҵǱμƷâ㡣
˵Ŀ棿
аð˵ĹâȻ̤ǰһҪյıǰ
һһٵصɷһԼȳûջصĵ
Ȼ档
Ļش𣬸̲סһ˲дϲ̲ס쳤Ц
ӣ֮ʱС塱֮ƣŽ𣬵аУֱ徳ʿٿ֮ǰⶼһСѡ
ֱ̨֮ϣ潫ܣŲʵƺûһ
аǰԼʧܣΪ䲻⣬һԭϡ
ˣһսսʤҲǻ˾ţ֮УȻʧаûʲôʤ㣬ֱ䣬ܻҪá
һսУΪ䣬ЩƣаûʩչʹˣҲΪĵ׶ʵϡ
ԭΪ徳ʿ޽ˣûʲôᣬû뵽һԼ˶Էȷֵġ绤ԷȻͿˣ˵ʮ֮ҪԼܣҪǱμƷâ͸Լ
ǱâжаһԹȻףǱһֱҲȵý
ȻòˣȥһͬȼƷһӵУȻʵǡ
ǴҪҪǣȻ˵ʮоܻʮУ̲ס۽ߵľҶʵʤһҲ˵ʮ֮ڱʤɣ
Ҷյȴ֮ϵġ
ãһ徳ʿϣʤѩӦѩ̬ˣҶǰ֮λ
Ĵڣ飬һССӣȻʮҪԼ
á
ԥһӦ۾Ȳڡ
ӦжжӵĲҲжԼõһμƷâĿϲһһֱҪһսĨԼڡ
ȻĻľҶȴ΢һĨ֮ɫ
Ȼͬʮ֮ڻаǣãô顣
ʮ֮ڲܻаͽĴμƷâֶԼ˭˭ɵӣ
ֻǣɵԲǡ
Ҷת˼ô⡣
Ҫ֪ȻҲƷμƷһξ롣
õâǱרƻĶԣʹҲضʵǣʤӦѩ飬Ҳǲܵ顣
ֶԼҲЩĶǣΪʲôȴôԼƽĶԼ
ǣͼ
Ȼаϲ֮վһֻӵˣҲ侲Ųɿ٣СӣｫұܴȥֻЦǣӦòܺĴӦֶԼɣҪʲô
Ȼ
΢΢һЦҲǲ³ԭֱһָаץյǼŵ绷Ƶķ绤ˣͽ绤ҡ
ԭǴ绤⡣
аҶһۣаȻЦãû⣬Ҿ͸ˡ
ģĲɵӡ
ʮ֮ڻԼ˵յʤΪأҲаЩ˼ɣδػģϾʵ
ܳΪ֮ĩ˵תԼҲȫûпܡ
Ҫʮ֮ڻԼΡ
ңԷһμƷԼⲻյõһƷ߼ֵһһغòãģаԻںһӡ
ԣĻȻ֮ô˵ΪǱԼԼɣһĿģԼеġ绤֮ϡ
Ϊʮܻ֮ԼǼμƷâʮ̰ЦһȻܣҴ𰸵ʮˬ졣
ҶĶԼ֮ҲɻȻ򣬿һаеġ绤ȻЩڣΪʲôղŲԼһõˣ
ԼõҲ˿ĶԶĶ󣬾Լˡ
ӮһμƷĶעɲ
ҲаӮ˹ԼŻʲôۣлˡ
Ͼа޵ֲýȻ󣬵ҲӲʲô䵽ԼУǲǾ䡣
ҶѾţʲôĴۣܴалƷаЦãܺãСԼȻˣһҪһ̵Ľѵ
Լ䶨˵ȴǾսĺõط
Ȼʵǿ󣬵ҲԲʳأоս뷨۾һתаҶһƣֵСӣڻʹ󶷳㣬ɱ˲ǰѧУҲҾͷԼأ
Ȼ㡣
ɫ䣬ص
״аЦһһҶȥȻֱȥ󶷳ȴˡ
վԭأĿ⳯һȴһɡ
еġ绤ѾаȡߣôԼӵһεѡʸܲƽô˷ѡ
ôʣµʱѾˣаѾڵȴԼԼȥֻƬʱҪ÷зˣôԼָѡȡһʲôأ
뵽ҡҡͷȻ𣬸ղǴһ߹аҶһߣȴûп
ҲǱ߾ʲô֮䣬аҶ˺أԼôӦùȥһ
뵽ˣ;ٲǱ˹ȥһ̨һ̨ϸ쿴


743 󶷳
տʼʱȽʧ
ϾаҶûϵĶҲδؿϣȻаҲߵߣġ绤
ô
Ȼ֮䣬˼һȻ˫һһ㵭Ļɫâ
˫֮ͫУȻһ˿һʣƺø峹͸
ٿǰ̨еĸֱͽȻͬˡ
ʣת
Ϊ֮ͫһͫ
սʱڣѾ˵㾳磬
ʱΪǳͫò
ʱ佥ΪԽļͫڳţڽɾ磬۷
֮ͫ磬ħͫڣ۹ΪɫΪɫڶӡͫΪɫΪɫͫΪɫΪĵɫ
ľѰͫΪƣתΪϣӵи಻˼
ǣڣֻǵڵļͫѾ㹻ˡ
ƹתǰ磬Ȼòͬ
̨еһ֮ϣתâͬһӾ磬ƺÿһӦӦеȻܿƽʱĶ
߳Ȼͣ˽ŲڽһԲι̨ǰͣ͸֮еһƷ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ƭ֮ץ̨ǼƷеĻƹ⣬ʱѾˣҲͲͣȥ
һ·϶û·ſһʱһףеöɫͷ˹ȥ
ѾѡһΣöɫͲʹˣȻԭ
鷳Ӹһ֮Ȼҵ֮ˡ
ʹһ·漴еĶ봢䣬תųϷȥ
һ¶̨֮ء
̨һ̨أֶͨ졣
ʹле˶֪Ĵڣȴûκ˸鷳
ܶʱǻõĴڡ

ôˣܲ
Щףúƽֶνͷŵ̨
˫һˣ˭ʤ˭ջȨʽȻЩֲڣܺùֱѪͻܾˡ
̨ҲͽһЩ˽ԹˣҲᵽ̨ǩԼ̨ս
ʤ
Ȼ޴ȻһЩǳһЩľֻĶ漰֮
ַʽȴһڡ
ҲϲƽʱܲѪͲпᣬʱ򣬼ʹû˽̨̨ĻҲһһĶĶ˹ۿע
һܳʱ䱣󶷳棬׬ȡ
̨֮УŸֶսˣޣޡ
ʱΪ˴̼ץһȺŲ֮̊ʱֻżΪ¶·ץѪ죬ΧȴѪڣС
˶Ĳйһ֣ۿֶĶһַйƽʱȴ򲻸飬˾ռߡ
̨ϣÿ첻ʮˣЦ̨֮Ѫ߰ߣȴ״̼˵˷ܺͷ
ֻа˵ЩȻֻСơ
̨ϵЩˣսȻƵϲңȴʵûʲôԡ
ѰУȻд̼ǣƿһ۶˷ʱ䡣
Ͼ޵֮Щмġ
̨֮ʤʮٳˣУҲһͨûʲôһоܻɱȻ᲻ʲôȤ
аڵȴĵҲˡ
볡У˲һŨصѪζЩȳ뵲ס
ǰռعȴ弣߰ߣζŨ˱ǵ󶷳ЩüվԶ̨µаվû˵ʲôֱ˹ȥ
һȥŷ֣֪ʱԱߵλϣȻһȺΧ֮ˣǸڻǵĵӡ
гһ£ϥŽϢ˪䣣˵ظľҶˡ
껿գأˮͫ˾ߣʦū
ȵȡ
ô
һ㶣תͷаȥȴԷʱɺȻһЦڵСӣû뵽ȻĸģǶģôģʮлаôҿ۽磡

аĻڵӶʱ̲סһЦԾ죬ţԳһ񣬿
ʮУлпܣʮУΰɣ
ԣȻʶаһս֪ʵף󲿷ݶаĿһ
Ϊսʤаʵȴûţʮ֮սʤа
ټⳡսȻǣһƷ绤һμƷâĶעЩ徳ʿ޽ûȥˣĵˣȻŹ֡
аųϢƬ̣Щ˾ŵζȫɱˡ
һҲ˲ףаôҪš
ͬʱףа֮԰ܸʵУʧ֮⡣
һսҪˡ
ֻǣȴûȻҿڣóһμƷעֲɵӣûһģҿڣ
аûΪԼ׻ʵ
뵽ˣȴһЦҲãսΪаӣøҲ˵
ûй̨¹սЩˣֱһݣ̨аɣаһߵ
ȻԸ
ŴԣаһЦҲͬһԾ̨վһߡ
ĿһתȴǺȻȻǶս̨ĹأעҪȽɳĲбܵŶʤֱȡҵ绤ѾȽȥˣأâǲҲó
ţ
ԣ΢΢һ
漴а¶Цݣ˲׹
ԷôƽʱĶĹأȥʧһʮ֮Լ͸ȡʤ
ûâʵаΪʤҲһ
ԷѵƶԼʧȥâͲĶ֣
ΪԼâʤһΣֶֻΣû˽ûצϻһ
ֻҪעʧԼˡ
뵽ˣԥһ֣͡һɫĹŽΪһ磬̨߷˲ûԶǽ֮Уֻ¶һ
âȥǣԿʼ˰ɣ
Ŷаصв˿ʧȥİɥʧ䡣
̨ϣаĻһ漴˲оͲɴϲ
ԭֻ뼷һû뵽Է˵ֱӵɶע˶ǽϡ
һԸһû˽ΪʤûʲôԼӦȫ֣һҲԼʮ֮ʤ˶ԼӵֶΡ
̨֮£Χ֮ˣеĽֿȭаԵУǲͬʱһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ɵ𣿡
наúýһȻʮ֮ʤǸЦкٴȡʤѶȴԶצǸûҪӮ𣿡
ֹΧˣһ㵣Ƚ˽ľҶʦūˣǲһ㶣ΪʲôĴ¡
ʹԼʵʮţˣֿɲʲôͨˣµϯӣа
ôδ̫д˰ɣ
˵ΧУֻһϵı黹Ƚƽһ˿Ц⡣
ˮͫ˵ڳˣΪ˽֮ˣϾйµͬգʮ˽⣬֪ȫްյ顣
ȻΪӵȻһսǾͱһս߰˳ɵİա
Ȼóâע
һԼֻҪĿԴͺˡ
Ȼˮͫͬףʲôգʮ֮ھͻаȴֱˣ֪ްյ¡


744 ʮУϣ
ɣ
а̤ǰһһƣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ŶԺѾԼʮ֮ڵϹԼģâΧ˾𺳵ı鳡ˡ
Խ룬аϵЦԽʢ󼸺ֹ
кһȴٲϻֱһӰʩչΪһĲӰ˲۽аߡ
ûâֱ֣ббһС
ƣɫâ̶϶Ϊһֱаʺһ
죬ױȵĿ졣
ǿ徳ʿʱʱʧȥ˽ǿɫâһĿֲһƵ̨µ˼Ϣ
漴ҪһƵаܸ
ûϵû˽ȻܷһǿֲĹԼӦһ㣬ֻһ£ԼǲҲҪˡ
ĺֱʺаվǳˣ䣬³֣һУ
漴תͬУֻһʮɵؾһζͬ˲Сһ㡣
ֻһգ֮䣬Ѿ̨һߣܹһơ
سɴ
ֻǣովӰһţϵ漴ǣȴǱؼȼѾȻ߶ɫһתٴλ¡
һΣȴ߽УںϽеУžߣȻʩչ
Ȼûâ֣ںΪһʩչʽžߣȴаһ˲磬ֻʣĮĸо
ߣ
һߣаڷӦ˹һζܣ֮ϣ˲ųֲ⣬ˮһ˲佫
ְε㵶ᡱһʣ漴˲ǧٴΣ϶Ϊһһ˲ƽն¡
ȼǧǧն
ɲΪ߶ŽУаؼȫ߶ǧǧնڰкȻײ
䣡
һɲһδˣֻϵĹâ˲䰵Ȼһѣֳһ˿Ѫ
аңŵŵš岽һš
ʲôһƽȥҵı񵶺ǧǧնôܣҲţ
䣬аٴһȴǱȼĵڶؾ磬ȼ˲ġ
ɫ԰ף˫ֳֵ۾֮Уֹһµķâű㵶֣һԲȦȻ󻺻ն¡
䣬𣡡
ţ
ܵһ̺֮ĿֲʵҪǣʹ徳ʿϣҲûаʩչУȻаĵ֮һ
״ҲҵһӰʩչܿ
ǣ֮УһԼԼȴԼԿռ֮գӰȻʩչ
ܿռ䲻ϱͣԭأܵǿֲһԽԽ
ٵˣ
˲߻ָ㣬ǣ˫纮ǣһ޴İΣȻ˫м䡣

̶˫һӴӺ·һתľݣһ˲аı㵶֮ϡ
һ˲䱻ƣƳɢȻаĵ⣬Ҳࡣ
ʱ߽׻üл䣬ʵԽǿʽ߽׻üҲӦǿ࣬ԭıѲ֮ܳΪͨ
ԣΪ
ֻϧʹǳҲסаһ
ǵ£µһǵУʽ̺ն޵Ŀֲ쳣ĳҲǱһն
ҵǣȻûеסаһײаĵгһ˿
Χյз϶з϶Ӱٴʩչ
ৣһ͸ʧ˲䣬ǶȻΪһӰ籩ˣͬʱһʮĹͬʱ֣ںϻΪһĻаС
߽׻üеһʽ
ڵҲͨͬԳ֮Ϊǿ˲֪ʮ
аԴУȴֻһЦգնΪ㵶һɿֲϢһţĳ˲䱻һնл˲ɢ
δЪնΧĵϣܵĵ棬˲仩һΪ룬Ŀ꣬ѳһ޴ѷ졣
̨ǹ߻ͼ޵භ̨ƽʱûи߽޵ǰڷȻϼ̣аǿ˵ȴˡ
̨ͨаһ˲նͬһѣһѷӵõǣ̨ҡ
ǹȴǣ֮ƽ羵ɼ棬澹Ȼһ˿ɫĺ˸ϸһ飬Ȼ˾塣
һ֮˹
˻
̨Χ۵ˣһɵһΪаʵ𾪡
նһĻڳȻҲваֻһ˿˿ನͽ龧廯ȴʲô˶ܰ쵽ġ
ѵ̨УʱаЦ״ħеı㵶תɢһɻصİ˿Եֵ
ӱܵһߵЦ㻹ܵȥѾǵˣסֻеĻᣬڹԹ䣬âҲҿԿǷһ
ǣôҲδأ
ȴ˵һߵɫأվԶаȴκη֮ɫ
ʧȥâʵȷܵһӰ죬ȻҲҪõüԵУֻǣⲻԭ
ԭ붯һеģȻʧܣǾԸ
˵꣬Ȼ۾һɿֲϢʼӣܱΧ۵ˣǲɫһ䡣
ʲô
аҲüΪ֣Ϊʱ˿̣ϣȻӳ⣬һƬȻһ޴ĻͷֱӶ󶷳񷶥һԽԽ֮ơ
аȴѷųԴʱֻǿţߵԲѣҿ㻹ʲôͣô࣬һУҲᣡ
䣬㵶ַɳתΪһֲͬƼϵĻԡ
޵޵⣬


745 ʮУУ
գرɫ
ͬһа޵ʱ˿̣аʩչлȴ徳ʿʩչһʽУҪǿ֪ٱ¶ٱ
Ȼǰ޵Ŀ
ֻǽ֮ǰаûн޵һ徳ʿսİ޵ʽ޳߰ʽҲ֮ǣ۷塣
еٴһսĵ֮һ
ϧˣĻԶԶ޷˿Ƶȡ
аĵͣϵҲʵƬȻβϵأ˫Ŀź챦ʯɢľ
𡭡
һͺ𣬻֮һ䡰ӡԭıУȻϣаİ޵Ȼײ
һ˲̨Ȼһ漴˲¿ήΪ࣬Ҳֲס
ƺУ˿ֻ΢΢ҡ¡
аͷǵҡͷβʮ㣬ȴһ֮£һ˲ͱ
ǳΣͷа˲ʹⲼһɫķ֡
ֻ֣ڻǰСԻǿƥĳ޷ֵ
аִټ䲼µķֽ֣ͬһֵֻ˰Ϣʱ䣬Ҳֲס˲䱻˺˷顣
һ̣аͬǱһڵȻУ˺ݺݵس󵹷ɶһʱޱȲ԰ס
ڰգͷһѪǺȻ֮ɫ
ôܣʲôʽ
Ʒ㵶Ƿһϵı̹⳹Ծʧ
ԭһĵϣ˵ڵİߵ㣬ĿľѼ
ˣؿҲѣͬ¶ڵ
Ǳʵǿ󣬼ֻ֣֮һѾҲQˡ
һУаܡ
һУƷ㵶٣ûгʱԼһЩ޲ֻԻָ
̨£˶𾪵ĿһĻԼ۾
ʲôʽΪʲôûмʹù
ѵ˵ʹ徳ʿϣҲûʹóȫֶ𣿡
徳ʿʹһУֻ¾Ͳǰ壬пܴǰģǰɣ
ҶҲɵöȻվ𾪵һĻ
һսʱûʹȫ֪һֲʽ
ڣа֮ľֻе˵УУаͰˣҰܵôס
е𾪡
ҪǣһУĵʣԼаλԴֻԼҲֵס
ȽܹԼ۾
ȻпԴʵ
ŻţʵȻ˽ܣɵɵһߵϣ֪аٿήΪ̨ϣһϯ£Ȼʱ˿̣ȴûٸС
ʹʲôҲ˵˿ϵһɰԵƥƣѹ˼Ϣ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ޷Цʲôʮ֮ڻаĻˣʮУһʼóȹֻһУаҪҰܡ
⵽һʲô̥
ӵسΪϤˮͫҲɸе𾪡
Ȼʤ֪ʤףʤöԷ޵ֵ֮
˶ΪһսѾʱȻ䣬ȣȡͿȣȻ˶䡣
һתͷȥ
ȴԭڵأһа֪ʱȻ߰ϣѪĺۼԭӢϣҲֲ֮⡣
ֻ˫ԼؿʮѨֹסƵӣ¶̹ǵĳޣڵСӣҳС㣬գ̨ϵģһ㣡
䣬ֻȻǰƲе½ǰ߰ѪһĨ˲䣬֮£Ȼһ˿˿ԽԽ졣
ʲô
ɻʵˣá
ֻоҶ뵽ʲô۾͵һ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ̨֮еиǴһ˿
Ҳɻ˹ȥ
ΪʩչӡһоѾԽսû뵽ΪԼһаȻս֮
ҿģֻ֮еǵ⣬ǱѰ
ֻǴʱ˿̵Ȼ˿ɫ
ˮͣаʲôƱҪܶԷõ绤
ĿĿУͼа֮ϵǵ⣬һ޵ȣȻһȻаϣһƴĺɫСͼΡ
ǰѺɫСͬߴ壬򵥵ֻһۣһֲĸо

аĿ֮£һץȻֱץԼ֮ϡ
ؿǰѺɫСͼΣȻ͹󳹵аһаУа߶һ˲䱩ǡ
һųĿֲϵƣֱն죬󶷳һ̶ɪɪƺ˲Ҫ
ʲô
񣬱ޱȵ֣أʹӡ챦ʱ˿̣ҲɸӦвɲ
ԷץסǱɫʵʣӦֻһڣƣȴԶãƷμƷû
¾ǼƷ༰ʮ֮һ
ƣĪǱ֮ܣ
֮꣬һƷߣС컯˵һնлյĪǾǴ˵ԭͣ


746 ʮУ£
ȣȡ
ų쳤а쳤ЦһУ
䣬ѾǷ֮У˫һǰһͬʱס쳤ĵȻȻһһ¡
˲䣬һɻصϢ󶷳
ɫ꣬£ͷһ޿ɵֿ˲Ҫĸо
֮һ˹
ң⻹ıߡ
ʱ˿̣ЩˣˣаʱʩչģǼڱߣ컯˽컯һƵӡڣ
ʣаӡ
߶컯ֽһƵӡаڵģ꣬Ҳбˣֻܱڵġֽϡ
ΪʲôҪôʱҲµ߰˰ˡ
ٿƯڰеаʱͶǲɱ΢΢һ䣬𾴾ηһЩ
ʣֻеаѡΪһ̳ʱϲŻ᲻ϧһдȥĳɳ
Ѵڱߡ컯һƵӡаڣŤתһΣ
ֱССĵӣôҲܵġ
Ǳȷ˳Ϊһŵһ̳ˣЩţҲܻĴȥ
ḡѨͱͨ󷨵϶ƣͱѾѡΪ칤ɽһ̳ˣԲܵõڡ
ͬʱ϶Ƕһر֮һ
ӵдʽƷḡԱķ֣ܶв֮١
аڣӡһֲҲ϶аı
д˵ڣͨ£ֻҲҪܵˡ
֮£˵ɱаģȻ١
ı֮УƽʱаȻǲóġ
徳ʿϣúܲңսܣֻ˸ҲᶯһС
ʱ˿̣ǱҲΪһսϵһμƷĹаȴһŭ֮£ʩչ˳Ҫһٻɱȡâ
Ҷ֮ڿаų״֮ʱһʱͷӦΪԼϣ϶Ҳгʩչһر֮
ֻҶʱû֮ʱȻᶯһУҲĵơ
徳ʿϣҶӦѩһս¹˭֣δ֪
ҲͲڵĵģǰ֮ˡ

ȻʱûнӴֵȼĶϾҲһˡ
ĿаԾնϣһնµǿֲֻ˲䣬׹ⲻаԼ
пܣаıС
û뵽ΪԼȻôı֮Уڴ˵˳Ҳ֪Ǹ˵޴
һˣпΪһ˲
۾
óһΪתʤô
棡
΢ͷס۽ǣ۾һУ漴߶˲ȫӿ˫֮ͫУûһֱ
⻹ʵһޱ޹˼ɵȫ߶
ȻһҲҵӡ߶˲䣬һȫͷϿտֲеƣϳ֡
ӡ췣
촽΢³˸֣Ȼۿ˫ͫ˲ޱȵӨ
漴֮ͫϣӳĨƵķߣͬ⣬һš
һ̨̣ϿյаȻһɫһף˫֮ϣѪ߶Ȼ֣аղסеĵ
յַֿ֮Ǿ޴ĺɫδ£Ϊʧȥ֧֮ڰɢ
ֲĵɱ˷ӣһ˲ɨ󶷳
󶷳Уͬһʮķ꣬񷶥֮ҵĸֵƾߣΣһ˲䱻ݵ䣬漴˲Ϊ촷ۡ
ʮĸ֧񷶥Բʯ˺ϱõҲԿӡɫһ˲䣬Ҳ漴͵һϰȻ䡣
֧󶷳񷶥ʱʧȥ֧ţ֨֨
ֲУ¹սˣʱһң޵
ãߣҪˡ
ߡ
ε𾪣εţæػæųڴȥ
Ļ˫֮еĻƹڽغһ۾Ҳ¶΢΢֮С
ȻԼþӡĽ˲аĵûл¾ڰɢ
ȻƾʱĿֲֻ±ҲҪһ˲䱻Ϊ촷ۡ
֮ǿ˾ò˼鰡
ҵǣ󲿷ݵıߣȥӡʹص׵ħˡ
Ȼȼı߶༸ߣкаԵľֻݱ棬Ȼһãʱ֮Σˡ
ӡǿҲһޣǾʱû취Էʲôв
ʣʱ˿̣аһȴнӽ
ֻǷӡһĶ컯ĵ⡣
Ҳɰզ࣬е¡
аҶḡͱѡĴż̳ˣȻԳ²⡣
徳ʿϣǱģֻǳѡ
ΣգܱҪƽʱҪǿö࣬µöࡣ
гһգϣҪһ򱶵Сģκδ⡣Ϊκһ⣬ܾĿʼ
ܵʶһ飬Ҳ֪ղһУԼȫһ˲䱬֢Ҳصģ˵ز˾
ܵͷԽԽǿңʯ飬¡
ٲ߶ԼڲĵһǻΪһӰǽڣһѽԼâγ봢䡣
漴ٴһͳȺⱼӵ󶷳²ǰһУһ׵绷Ƶλ־뵽С
ٲԥһͳ󶷳ĳڴȥ
ɵڵأ֪аȴǸùˡ
ղȻΪ˼ɶԷû֣ȥһԼаȴǸܵ顣
ţԼȣ˾ġ
Ȼ
һµĳϯӡҶڳ쵶ڰձʱ֪á
һǳ˵ڵصа漴λһ⣬Ա˸ٶȣ𣬲Ƭ̣ͳԽ˴ˡ
ٹƬ̣ѾͬУ˼ͬʱһͳ󶷳
ǳû֮󣬾øʢǵһصأʱҲֲ֧סȻ

ϹǾһ𾪺ĪҶˣȴûͣӦԽԽΧȺֱӾμ˷ʧգ۲Ӱ


747 
Ƭ֮һǻصջ
ûоκˣֱ뷿УŴ֮ͳǼĶӮġ绤쿴
ΪˣȥˣʩչӡаʩչĶ컯ԼʱѾһˡ
Ȼһۣ㵽֣һһƷҲֵ
ŴԽеϲɫԽŨ
绤ȻǱѰֻ΢һͲǴĵ绡죬ʹǴ߶Ҳɸе˫ƴһʹ֮С
ǿйԤϡ
˼ɵջпռޣ¶𻵣ֻŴһͭӴС֡
ˣҲԿʮֲ
óĳһƣ绤Ҳ΢΢һ漴ָ
еһ˿ֲĵ˲ԼĳƣڳҪľһң׼⼰ʱֻҪˡ
˿ʹԼȫһֻҲԴ绤֡Ǹ߽װ벽Ĵڣʮ֮ڣҲ޿ܹСȫ߶װ벽ĹҲܵסһ
װ벽Ѿ½ϵļλǿ֮⣬ǿĴˡ
ģҲ͵´սλɮʥӵʵ
رص£ƵˣҲӵи߽װ벽ҵʵ
Ȼɮ̷ӡﻯʱڣȴӵ׷սڴС
˵ʹбȸһʱҲܱӽװ벽սͬ¡
ֻĻȸȴʧĿºпµУӵֵȼǵпһλ߽װ벽˲һλӵװ벽ս
ֻбȶȼƷҪϡУƷϡбԲ˵ǱǶװ벽ǿҲѵõģԺԲơ
绤ĿһȴһתȡһƷϸ
һ͵ӣɫ棬ֱһһ죬Щˣȴһ˿˿õϢϲ
죬Ʒرʩչʹ֮
֮УõĵڶƷõǡ绤绤а֮һߣŷ⡰족
ս˵ã丨˵ĳЩⳡȴܷӳһЧ
ν봫дصأȻ˵ӵд϶Ҳա
ҪǣһͬУͬʱĳУ϶̰֮ġ
ıΣֻһԱΣգͬ¡
ӵ⶷죬ȷĳصأֲñ󷢾Ϳʹ⶷죬ǴصΧóһ
֮˼ʹ빥ƻҲҪһʱ䣬һСʱ䣬Թȵǡ
Ȼף⶷Ȼܲû󣬵ϾһƷر޷סЩ֮ӶãǣֻҪһȻпܷӳɰٱ档
ʱҲһ֮ȣ棬ȴǽȻͬء
ҪǡΣ֮ʱˣȴûаȫص㣬Χߣȴ㱻˰Χʹ⶷죬ʩչһȴ΢һʱˣ뿪
Ҳ֣ȫһ
ʱ򣬿һƷǿжֻҪȫĳûκһƷǷƷ죬ҶаˣǾָƷսòԶûѡȴ
ͬʱõ绤һ֮Уǳֵ
뵽ˣһ̧֣˫ɫҲ봢Ŀ⣬ȴҲɴһ˿衣
֮Уȫûϵ˹ıʣǫ̀аƴһս
ȻõģҲûиۡ
Ǿǣʩ̷ʶеľҲٴһգҴ߶ȼ߻ָĺ֢ҲҪȻʹ˴йŴ壬Ҳˡ
аնᰮĵ˵ŭǼٵģֱӰɱԷ绤Ĵ㡣
սʤ˳嶯һԶĶķʽӮ绤
ԭҲܼ򵥣Ǿаݲ
аǺҲϯӣ°˴󶥼֮һһļ̳ˡ
ˣɱˣʹ绤Ҳʹá
Ϊһʹã֪ˣ˶֪ɱа϶Ҫ޾׷ɱ
ʹʵѾﵽѨڣǱѰѨ۷ҲûжԶҲⲻһŵȫ׷ɱ
οаȥпķڳ֣ʱ֣κεֿأֻ·һ
ҲΪа绤£ҶҲ֪
ܽһɱƷ;޷¶棬õûõҲûʲô
а̳ˣҶȴҲǳڼ̳ˣɱ󶥼ŵļ̳ˣˣҲͬʱ󶥼ŵıŭ
ԣܰȫû绤ʹõģֻжĶһ·
ңаջûп׳һμƷջ󣬴Ӧ˶ĶɹӮ绤
ڣ˶֪ƷǴаӮģȴûκˣָΪǹӮģаҲûʱ˵
ǣ绤Ӯˣȴû뵽аϣһԼȻȻ˵֮⡣
һս˵ԪˣָҪһʱ䡣
һ㣬ֵǲֵãȴ˵
ƽʱȻûʲô󰭣һ£Ȼָ
ڴд忪ڼʱûˣϽƻָȫȻ޷ӦԴдпֵܳĸΣա
һ룬ף÷һ굤ܻĿǰľ
ʱڣѳ׻ָԭ״
굤Ѿֻʣһ˵һξĻᣬΣὫڴ˴ģԿֻʣµʱǰеĸҩ̣ԼᣬûԼָˣҩˡ
УȻԴϲ
ûУǾֻ취ˡ
뵽ˣҲҵֱϥĿȳô˹֮ˣУٴѰҰ취
ת֮䣬һʱȥаٴһս飬Ǵ÷зֻչˣȴŴ£ûᡣ
ǣڶ賿ٴۣ۾ȴ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
һҹĳɹЧȣò
ȻҲȫЧ棬ʣʱ䣬ͳ׻ָƣ췽̷
˿Ǳﲻˡ
뵽ˣĿһٲԥƿţ׼ȥײײȴû뵽ճţˮͫʫ˪֮ˣǶ


748 𽻻
ʼЩ֣һʣ֪ԼμһΪᡱڵġ
𽻻ᣬʲô
Щ׵ʵǾˮͫʫ˪һͣ׹
ԭ𽻻ᣬָμӹ徳ʿ޵ʮˣмǰ˷֯һξۻᣬۻ֮УԻͨޣ
ҪȴǣȴǽЩжǮͨۻ򽻻ķʽȥҲЩԼǮ㣬ȴҪ봫йŴһᡣ
ԣǮڣͷϷǡ𽻻ᡱĻ
ĽֻΪģϸ֦ĩڶѣҪ
ȻҾˣܴ𽻻ϣһһЩԼΪõıġ
ϾμӴ˽ʮˣÿһǸڻ֮ӣͨûʸġЩϣ϶һ˲߱ıԵġ
óĶȻǷ
Ǯỷڣ漰봫йŴ֮ǱضȻ죬ֱ
һ˵пĳЩƽʱ޷ȡĶģҪĻָ״̬;ĵҩпϡ
ԴˣҲûϵôɣȥû뵽˯ͷϸһҲȻ
μ徳ʿ޵ˣǰ߰ˣǮġ
ǶǮȻҲУйŴʹãھ֣ܽһĳЩǽйŴ֮УǸƵġ
ϾйŴʷƾã˭Ҳ֪жΣգҶȻ֪һЩʵͱֶԽ࣬ȻҲǻԽġ
ȥˣлٶǮҲûʹõġ
ȻʣʱڣúõһԼʵΪ˶ףʱ䣬һӸȥǾͻȡһЩܶսĸرҩҲһġ
ļʮˣǮ϶ǲġ
Щˣ϶Ҳ˺ĵ׿϶ҲҪ봫йŴһ̽ġһչиǮӦ֮١
ΪЩǮǿ֧ĴۣҲضǾ˵ġ
ƽʱһöǮֻܶһһƷʱ򣬿϶Ǹвͨģûо˱ܶһɹ
ˮͫʫ˪˵еǮ϶Ǵղʮġ
ȻˣҲףԼûʲôһȫʣµǮˣǮзù罫ھͶһȥŴйŴ忪˱ǮֵߵʱҲܶһһЩԼı
ˣ˻ȥ֮ٺúñչһʱ䣬δĳɾͣδؾͻЩܽ봫йŴĸڵӵġ
һȻҲ𽻻ᱧмģһϢǰѰҪһͬμӡ
Ŵ֮Ҳ˲𽻻һʲôڣֵȷȻû˿ԥȻӦ
Ҿ𽻻ϣûҪƷֻǰȥʶһ¸ڵóıҲһ£Ȼǲܾġ
Ӧ֮˵жȥ
ˮͫ˵𽻻ᣬ룬һСɸ󡱵ڣɸĵؿ֮оٰġ
ɸԭһҶǮׯǵؿ⣬ǴǮڣȻְȫ
֪˭ôı£Ȼһ֮ɸ֮˽ؿ֮еǮȫתߣһ˸Ǿٰ콻ĵص㡣
Щˮͫʫ˪˵Ȼġ
ŴСʱɸڵ߸ߴ¥ѾȻĿſʮɸǰά
ֻ֤ݣȷǲμ徳ʿ޵ʮһ֮󣬲ŵԷС
ȻҲǲЩͨ˻ȥϾᣬ˵ȻĶ쳣Աȴʵġ
ʮˣ۳Ѿ뿪ˣûɣʣҲδһͻȫμӵġ
գвμӽģҲʮˡ
ЩˣȻҲЩ˵Ƚǵա
ϾȼĽᣬʮټģȻһżҪ󣬲Ҫ޷ġ
ˮͫʫ˪ˣһ;Ϣ֪˼٣ЩɸҲˣֻһۣȷϣǷ˽ȥͨ衣
֮Ȼһɸǰ·֮ٿԺһЩİƧĵصڣһ·У½ҹ͵Ĺ
Ƭ̣һʮƻԻͣĵѾǰ
˿̣֮УѾڶףʤѩǶɣǧУʥʦūϾӣϤڳ
⣬һսشаȻҲˡ
ѹƣڴһˣɫЩ԰ףֻ衣
аصڴĶһͷ˽ˣȴǲͶһԹĿ⡣
ζû뵽ʩչӡڵǵ컯Ȼκβ˷ɳˣʧ˷绤
֮ڣ޴ܣ׳Ϊ˳ЦĶⷬȴζûġ
ֻȻг𣬵ʱ˿̣ȳϣȻҲ˵ʱаջѹеŭǿתͷ̨ϵȴѾʼҪȵʲôʱ򣿡
һ£ȻľҶԱߣаķӦҲǸӦʲôͬͷһۣǰȴЩĪζ漴عͷ˭Ҳ֪Щʲôġ
а𣬳ȴһվЩЦصֹӻԴֳ˵Ҳˣٵһ㣬һ󣬲û룬𽻻ʼֹӿΣ
ƽӺݻһͷȴ徳ʿϣоʮ֮һ˾
ȻϵͣȴʳһλүãȻҲʮֲģ˴֮Уվоⳡᣬȴǣ֮ˡ
ֻȻҲֻڷУаעҪΪһڼ̳˵Ĵڣȴֻ֮õġ
ߣ
а˻һ۳УҲ֪ȷ˻û룬˶ͶĿ⣬֪һսվɥʧ٣Ȼʹޡ
ôٴĿԡ
˾״һʱˮͫʫ˪ˣһλˣҲûǱаı飬ȴ𽻻Ŀ
ͬʱ˾ҵⳡᣬҲףΪʲô˻ôͣһ֮һǮׯԼĵؿճøΪء
ȴΪǻʼ֮˿ڣһǮׯˣȻҵͽỹҾܾˡ
ʱ佥ȥڣḡѪģ껿գصˣҲϤ˱ӣԼɣ˲ˣ߰˰ˡ
𽻻ᣬҲʽʼ


749 
һ죬̨һƽȻ
漴һλͷϡĽ»ߣ̨΢ЦܵҺãӭμ˾ֵ֯ⳡ𽻻ᣬϷǴ˴νļʦϯʦء
ŴҲȵòͷˣϷҲͲٵʱ䣬ãֱӽһڣۡ
ΪⳡϸߣԵ̨ģٶҪʮƷǮϵıʲôҪĻóõһԣϷۣõӵģ·ϳ
ȻϷ۲ҲݲۣһڣɾģʱʲôƷҽԿóֵޡ
ֻʱΣʮƷǮΪףңƷǮΪûƷǮģóǮǮϷһ
ʱްʱɣ
˵꣬ߵһߣмɸµӣһ󣬻˽ȥ漴ᣱ£˼˰Σȴûһ˶
ʱޣһɣһʼĶʦƽֻΪۣǲġЩҪõĶóһǮǵ²¾ĵģϿ졣
䣬һ£ġħ˾ȴվȳȥ
Ƭ̣㼴Ӱٴ߳棬Ȼһ˲ٱǮмƷΪʸ̨
״һɶࡣ
漴˽ȥʼҼʦͷʮõģҶ֪жأΪ֮ˣȻ׿ͷġ
֮£ٶȾͱÿܿ죬ʮӣ˰󣬵ǳеĸˣеľɥȴɫһ㡣
״ȴҲɳ
˵ϱǮҲ㲻٣ƷǮǧ֮ޣƷǮϰ򣬶Ǵʯ׿лɱλ߾ϵġ
ֻЩǮĿ޴󣬵ƽʱǷ𽻻ϣȴԾЩΪЩƷҪʮϰǮġ
һЩǧۣҲûпܡ
ԣΪ봫дһЩ׼ҪĵԼҪҩֻӵǧƷǮȴδ㹻ġ
һԼҲ׼һЩԼԺòϣʱûʲôõƷóȥһǮõ¿ʲôĶ֮ȴڲƸֵġ
һ֮ҲżűһŶǼ䰵ȥȴǾ̽ԼĴУϸ̽
˵ɳزɺԼĴ䣬ԴЩʲôƷȴԼҲȫġ
һ㣬ȴǲɴһ
ŷ֣ԼУʲôУ˵һЩڸûõƷһЩڲõĵҩв٣Ӱ˵ʤ״
ֻһ㣬㷢ԼУƷ߰˼ȴãռط˷ѿռ䡣
һһǵ֮
һҲͿʼԼĴΪ󣬿϶õƷŵ߿ռ䡣
ȽпܻõƷŵмռ䡣
ڸûãҲԺҲлϵƷȴǶ˺ߡ
ֻ󣬻ʣ¼ȴҲ֪;Ǵӱϵõġ
룬ЩƷҲֵ֪ҲֵʲôǮͷŵĽ䣬Ժǵ;֪ǵʹ÷ټƽϲ١
һ㣬ȴǷԼ֮ﻹͦ࣬߶ʱڻòϵģڽҪǮȴǿԽȫһȥȡһЩԼõƷ
ţ̧ͷȴǷ֣ʱǹȥСʱ
ҪһƷĵӣ඼ȥһˣʫ˪ˮͫˣĿУҲȥһˣԼһЩòϵƷһ˳ȥû˼ɫɫСӡ
ɫӣǲμӵһڣͼġ֤ɫӣȡá
ںɫӣȴѹỷڵľ֤ܵõɫӣ֤ȡƷضʮ󣬼۸϶ڰƷǮϵġ
˼һתȴףΪǽԼӵеǮķȥԲû⼸ɫӡ
뵽ˣҲԥȴֱǶȥ


ǰ棬ֻˣܿ͵ȵ߽ȥλͷ΢Цһ˵
ҲûпǰһŽ֮ãһ̧֣ȡһѵƷһԵŷڻǰڵɣȫȫֱӶһɱǮ
õġ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽ôˬ졣
ĿȡһƷӹ۾һͼҩӹв¶һ˿ĪĹ֮ɫתͷһۡ
ȴԷɫֻ֮ûعͷ۲ʣµƷ
Ŀ⿴ſţһ̣۾䵽⼸Ʒϣ۾ȴǲ˲Բ
ǣδ˵鵤ѻ굤ʹ˵鵤񽣷ɵ
ǣƷа
һ߲ѹסе𾪺ͼƬ̣öɫƵݸٵݸһɫƷĺԼƷܶһıǮӻ⣿
򿪣һۣ漴¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷ鷳ˡ
漴߳صλȴ
֮ûãܿ죬߾ٴγҲɴһ˿Цݡ
ߵ̨ϣҴڵܺãʶ̫ྪϲ䱦ţ䶼֣Ųôʧ
𽻻ڶڣģʽʼ
һƷ


750 ɢ
ŻȻгһתĳǹ
ǹ֮ϣ˸һĺâһͷ쳣
Ҳ໰ֱӿڵǹâƷλƷȣǹĳɶΧռ䣬СΧԷж
ƷâǹļۣʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһǧ
Ż˵ȺУǹĸֶʱ䶯ʹãҲת͸ʦʦã˺âǹļ۸һ·ܿʮż
գâǹʮǧߡ
ڶƷһɫƬѩ湭ΪƮѩ𹭡λƷеȣһȡֵ֮ܿͻʮʮߡ
ƷļƷ
ɵٶȷɿȥܳڳϵģƷҪȻҲƷеļƷƷһûС
ȻƷټμƷƷּ𣬵Ȼܳ֡
УҲܳ׾֮ϡ
ǺâǹƮѩ𹭣֮ֱԹֻǿű˾ۡ
ϲȻд׷󣬵棬һЩƷţһƷ£һЩϡʯиϡŹ֮׷׳֣һĻĻ߳
ûᣬֱƬֳ̨̣һƷϵջڣǧǰĳҵĴ֮һڳѪȼһʮɳ̵β棬Ϊջ桱
ļۣʮƷǮÿμӼۣõǧ
öջڣʣϲ͵ϮðеļƷʹʹðʣҲһ󹥻ֶ֮һҪѧʲôַ
գöջڱһۣʮƷǮ
ûоֻۣǿһĻȴЩ΢ЦΪƷϵջڡȡμӾĵƷ֮һǵӽ߾ʰȡƷ֮һ
Ʒų̂ʸֱƽ۶һλؼʦƷϵĵһƷû뵽ջʮıǮ
һеıǮٿԣ˼֣ҲЩڴڶƷļ۸
ΪĵģûȺܾãĵڶƷ֮֡
Ʒ룬ͬһְͬǣְ֮ǰĳǼƷϵջڡҪ󣬻Ҫǿࡣ
˵ħƶɣһеˣ˲׹̶ңһּΪµİ
߾УЩаİҲɴ˿Կһʲôˣһ޵ȵսУûʹóЩȻΣԤϡ
ȻҲΪԷûС޷Уմ֮£ʧݣɱеһӦƷǮȫ
룬Ǳջڸ׷ƷҼֵҲҪߵöࡣ
δйŴ忪ڼӵҲܿ죬룬ĳʮϵۡ
ǰֻһɣȻҶڵѹֻΪѹϳֵƷͶǼֵıвڴǮ֡
ԣǰᣬȻҲ㼤ңջûг۸ıֱ֣ԼСʱ֮ģڳ׽
ֻ˿ˮ΢ϢƬ̣漴ɫһ࣬ڵ棬𽻻ᣬڣҲѹڣʽʼ
ѹ֮Ʒ㶼ǸλȡıȽ֮ƷÿһԼֵǣ˼ѼЩƷֱԱǮģҿɿۡЩȴֱָﻻະ֣ڳλʩ֮ͿԳ꾺ۡ򣬺ҾǲᾺϣͬᱻϳᣬάֽеǰλõ·ìܡ
£쿪ʼɣ
£Ⱥһ֮˵ȵòͷҲǶԽѹڴԾã̲ס˵
״˫üһǷ֮һۣ漴ҲٵֱӿʼѹĵһƷġ
״ˮͫʫ˪ˣ㶼ɾһ漴ֱӣ˫Ŀض̨ϣȴŵһѹƷĳ֡
ѹڣһƷƷһӰʮ䡷ȷţһ޳ɣͨؽȷñǮļۣһƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
䣡
̺һ˿ȷӰʮ䣬һЩ֮ˣʱ۾
Ӱʮż۸Ȼһٶʮ򣬷ֹħ˾ߡ
ڶƷƷ鵤ɢһƿһƿЧ˲ָٷ֮ʮͬһ˲ָһѨ۷ȫļۣһһʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
ţ
ԣ˲һ̨ϻȡһ׾ƿ۾˲侫š
ɢȻֻǼƷ鵤ȴ˲ָоģ֮
ȻһٶǮЩС󣬵ǾϧһдһҪ¡
ϧֹһ֪ɢڳˣһЩͨĵӣ׷׿ھ첱Ӵ֡
ֲסƿɢڱصãջԾԵļ۸һʮƷǮѹȥȡƿɢ
һõ֣£˲оһֱ֮͸ʶаһսĵľԷɿٶȻָš
Ƭ̹򣬱ָȫٴλָԭȣĸо


751 
ڷôɢָаһսĽһյľǱڽС
ֵĵļƷҲѵһı㶼ĳ˽ӽۣҪ֮ֻǵţûг֡
ֱƷгﻻƷ
ƷƷڤ֡һöϹһλϵǿۣ߱һ򣬱ӵвĽΪֱռִĽ˵һ
֮Բ˵ԣҪǮֻһ
ˣ˭еƷоƷΪƷ֮ԹһߣٲӶʮƷǮƷߣⲹʮƷǮɳɽ
˻
̨ϻʦһϯ̨²˶ʱɻȻ
һöʱĽ֣ȻһƷоӼʮǮļ۸񣬻ʨӴ󿪿ڣ·ͷô
˵Ʒож󣬾У˿ϸһô
ֻһһƽȽǻࡣ
ЩȻбϾм¶˼ĿȻĶ
ֻǵƷоѵãЩȻö֡ûеƷоȴǲҪ󣬷׷ױء
ڴʱһȴվһƷоԪӶʮƷǮһڤ֡
˵֮ˣһ£ۣǱˣǱ徳ʿ޵Ĵһḡ
˭Ҳû뵽ȻҲԾۣ޵ģɲǽ
Ȼὣ⽣֣ЧֻЧ϶ûбǽܴĶࡣ
̨ϵʦɲô࣬Ը֣˵ͷ漴ḡһӣһɫСƽһɫĲƹŲ֮ϣƽƽ̨Ϸȥʦһѽס
ȴǸɫСһۣȷϱǮû漴ŷǱŲᣬۣ΢üͷ漴۾̸ʲô
ûƬ̣ٴ۾ḡ˵ͷãͬ⽻ɽöڤ֣ˡ
˵꣬һУһӨоƽƽ̨·ḡһѽס
һȴǴһöɫҬӵ콣֣˿˿ƵڤתԵǹӺͲ
ۣḡ¶һ˿ϲɫ漴ٴ£ɫָ糣
ʦҲ֮ȻʱǽƷʱֿʼ˵Ʒľġ
ȴûйעʣļǿŸղһĻ˼
ḡӵһƷоһ㲻ԤϣΪֻ徳ʿϣõһĽбƷо
ȻⲿóȥġԪӦн֮һ
Ȼ֪һƷоһʲôҲǷƷֻЩоԱ󣬶칤ɽѾȷһ̳ˣͲʲôˡ
ȻһоԼʹãóһһЩֵȤƷӦ֮顣
ֻǣһһöڤ֡ʲôȻӵвЧָȤڽߵøԶ˶ԣһЩͲȱİ
ǣҲ־պ޽ߴãȴˡ
ҡҡͷϸ˼£˼˭ܽڤ֡Ϲ֮óһ
Ȼò죬ȴȷǼΪ֮
Ҫıǣּֽϡ٣һʧȥҲ
ΪֻϹŽǿߣܴ֮νġ֡ϹʱȥʱĽǿ಻һ֣伣ٲ档
ǴµĽ֣һöһöܾǧʱ仹Ľ֣ÿһöʮֲκһлԵõԼŶԡ
óһƷһҪôʶֵֽͼ
ڶ֡
֪⽣ֵ󣬾ͲẰôߵļ۸ȻԷԽ֣İ
Ǿֻеڶԭˣ˼ȻҪһƷоֻԼ޵Ĺδθˡ
Ǵ˱ضǰ˴ŵĶӣͲǰ˴󶥼ŵĵӣѡ
ԣֶΣѵõƷƷȴ޵һı֤УδһУߵ·ҲжԶ
Դһʱ棬ȡδǸ۹ⳤԶ֮
Ӧĳ˵Сӣɢ޵ӣõö֣ѵֻᣬȴǻһ˵Ĺδɾͣδػ͡

ڰƷƷȷҷ绤һԣɸݴ˵ͣԶչӳհֱۡʿһȫܿס󲿷ƷĹμƷʱҲԹơ
ļۣһʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
ھƷƷ󣬡Ѫʯһ飬֮ʹüѪӳ֮ĳɣ뻤ףʹ׷ܴ
ﲻԱǮֻһԽ࣬ΪҪƷʣƷ͵ȡܴﵽƷߵȣʯԸٶһǮ
ʮƷƷرһöܣ֮ܣ˲ͷһƬΧ֮֡ĸߵͣڸǲͬΧ߿ɴʮ﷽Բ治ӰʹͫҲЧ
ʱ飬Χ֮֮СⳡҲԴƳԷ󡣡
ļۣһٰʮƷǮÿμӼۣõ򣡡
ʮһƷδ˵鵤ѻ굤һö֮˲գ˺꣬һΪﵽ֮Ч֮ʱ̺ʹ࣬־ߣ鲻Ҫ֡
˵ԱǮۣѻ굤ֻһڶʱڣָ״̬ҩҩطԿɣֵõѻ굤в㣬֮ﲹ䡣
Ȼ֮ԶԶԽѻ굤ֵҲֱ֮ǮڣӻԾۣ
ʮƷƷеаһɱǮɶһһЩϡ䣬Ʒ׿ʯҩֻҪֵ൱ɣ
ʮƷ

ɵĽУֵƷһһеڰ˼ƷƷȷҷ绤ۡٴαʳӣħ˾ߡ
ھȴǱʤѩߡ
ؿ֮УٵõʲôƷǽڽʿϵĽǱƷ̽ѩ˳֮һѪʯԷҪʮǮ
ʮƷһȴ˲۾һԼĶ죬ϣֻܱһ


752 
Ʒر顱水ǻʦԣһϡ챦书˳ġ
ÿѰ֮£һŶۣĳЩ֮أ˱ȴܷ൱á
ƩЩżΪ˲˷֣᲼ڸǣѰڶҲȻƻضˡ
д飬ֻҪתܣö֣ѰٱȻ࣬Ҳһ
ԣҪģȴ֮ܡ
õر족ܲûȻҲǻһ֡
ֻǣҲƾնƾõƷر족ǽҲڸǸ﷽ԲٶЩˡ
д飬ͷŴĶ˲ʮٱϣǷΧҲǲͬնġ
һڼḡҶһŵĶ콾ҲǽŲһʱġ
ֻ֮ǰĶ죬Ըһ콾пɣḡҶЩ콾ֻ»ӻ־ȥġ
ԴȻ־ڱصãϧһдۡ
ҵǣ˲ûҪﻻۣʽģһĻˡ
ϾﻻδôɾжԷҪֻ֮ǱƴǮҲδػκˡ
ԣһδֱӳ֣Ҳһֱڵȴ
ܿ죬һٰʮƷǮļ۾ͱԽʮʮ򡭡
תۼ䣬ͨУֻеСܵƷر顱Ȼߵٰʮҵۣɷһ˵
ң˶⡰顱ļֵʹףҲûϻС족ر֮ƥ䣬ٰʮǵߣ˴˴߾Ѿˡ
ϾǸŵĶӣϲƸҲ޾ġ
֪ʲôΪһöʵսĸر͸ƷǮĴۣҲκ˶ܽܵġ
ԣ䣬֪ѾβʱҲͲԥȻۡ
գٶʮۣöֻͨѰġ顱һõ֣̲ס볢һֻϧ˵վȴǲжҲϲ
зȥĴһһ̧֣˴У漴ٴξ۾Ĺۿʣµ
áɢ顱ԽᣬԽڴ
ᣬȴˡȻٱǮȴҲȫֵõġ
ϾǮٶ࣬Ҳ죬ԼʵӽԴйŴһеİգȴǼֵġ
ֻǽʮһƷ͵ʮƷȴ֮
δ˵鵤ѻ굤ҶǺҩз֮ǷֻﵽһĶõ
ֻǴùΣҲûҵʱá
Ҳ֪ﲻ˶ϣԴֻ¶һȴȡøҩ
ϾھͷֻڴйŴ忪ǰͻָԼȫʵȴǵ֮ġ
ԣԣﲻǮһָܻ״̬ҩطֵȴνٲȻҲ˱˵һ䶯ġ
Ͼӵġѻ굤Բںóһ˶ֵȼҩȴ֮ͣ޷ġ
οȻеʹֻ࣬׾ǿ߲ܴﵽľ硣
ȴƾһöδ˵鵤п˲Ķ
ԣʦۿʼһȴǳ׺䶯ʤѩḡȣ̲סۡ
ֻվ˶Ҫ֮ָ״̬ҩǶκ˶Խõġ
Ͼ˵Լʲôʱõϣõı޵֮Ӳͨһļֵ
֮ǰõöɢǼƷҩֵ֮ѻ굤̫ԶҪѻ굤ͬȼ鵤ҩȴ˭֧ġ
ԣʤѩḡĿۣȴҲҡͷΪõóģҲͺ͡ɢһȼֵȴ̫ࡣ
ԸñǮۣҲǲԸġ
֮Ըóѻ굤ϡΪһһЩȡɢĶҩ
Ҳͼ󣬲ֻʱָʵٻһݣйŴʹãʹ֮һݳɹġ
֮Ȼ˷ȴѵõ֮вϴʦصĴߴ٣ǲҡͷҲΡ
ڣϡҲóѻ굤˶˳ĶһƷ⡣״ЩòƷ˲ɷмˣȴĿ¶˸ԥ
ʦ׼û˾ľʹ˷˼Ʒ֮ʱڣһŮȻЩԥ𣺡һ鴫ֻҪ֮ˮ֮УңˮԶȪӵ湦Чһ£ȫůģƣָ״̬ȻҲвСЧġ
ֻǴȴһƷʶƾһѻ굤ȴǲ֮ġ֪㻹ʲôƷΪͷǴ⣬׮ײпܳɹ
ʲô
һֹš
ıҲֻڴ˵ʲôʱۼ˶ɧ׷̧ͷȥ
ȴ֮ˣһ£׿ףˮΪΪǣʮĴһ
˲ǱˣȻʳ֮һ˾
Ҳ֣ó˱ģֻݲ
˾ֹʳ֮ף׸һλһֲү
츳Ҳ㲻ʳһǽڡħ˾֮ˡ
壬żԵҲ
ⱦԼżȻõ丸ֻͣӴڱ֮ȡãⶼ˹ĵ⣬ֻģȻóһ鱦һѻ굤
мȴ˼뵽ʲô
š˾ĸףǷˣȻǰ˴󶥼֮һڵһλŮϡ
ֻĸձʮ˾ûþ徣˾СֻѾ˵ź³һβУȾͷ֢֮ʱоͷѣ丸ҽ޲ߡ
丸ۣһлһ뱦񣬿Ϊѹͷ֮Żʹ
ֻ뱦ĹЧ꣬˵һݣɵ飬֮ϴ裬˫
¾ǻʹ֮УҲûм֮ȵģ˾õ뱦֮״ΪƣֻԲʱͷ֮Сʱл⣬ȴǲ
˾ܵѻ굤һΪҲпܼʹκҲ˵һ
ѹԥΣճڣͷ࣬˭Ҳóȱȡһöδ˵鵤ġ


753 عⷵյ
дΪ𶯣ʱдȴλʦأﴫѯҪҪһԸһóʲôͷ
һʱҲɳ
Ȼ֪˵뱦ж˾˵ģǼһϡ챦˵޼֮Ϊġ
Ͼָܻ״̬ĵҩǼֵһֻһƷ
뱦ȴԴԴݲ缫Ʒ鵤ЧͼӰʤڿԷʹá
Ҳܳ춼ʩչȼԼǱֻͷҪʱ̲Żʹá
һƽʱõʱȻԽ˱ݳҺռҪʱóӦ
һһݣһʮݣʮһٶʮݣǲ֪ҺܱʱЧǶãֻڳȫˡ
ֻḡʤѩҶȸŵ콾ӣŴԣɺϢ΢΢٣֪ж
ףȻǲģóѻ굤ܸպܽͷ֮࣬ǾԲó˵챦нġ
ƾһѻ굤Ҳȷֵֵ֮ģټһҲԶԶ
ԽֻԥƬ֮˲⣬һﴫ̨ϵؼʦȥ
Ƭ̨̺ϵʦһ漴Цݣ̨վġ˾˾ѻ굤Ըٶһöѻ굤һö˵鵤񽣷ɵ뱦񣬲֪۸Ƿ⣿
ţʲô
ʹ֪뱦ʮ󣬵˻û뵽ѻ굤˾Ȼܿ
һöѻ굤Ѿ㹻ˣû뵽˵˻һöֻΪͷһöĴ˵鵤񽣷ɵ
ѻ굤ֻǴδ˵鵤Ȼ󣬵󶥼ŵӣҲûл֡
˵鵤ǾֻǴ˵ˣƩ硰СѨƩ硰񽣷ɵƩ硰ĵÿһ칦Ч鵤ȻҲܵ˵֮
СѨѾ̵ѨӲһƷɼֵ
񽣷ɵֱӸ˵ʣһҹӷϲΪš
ĵǵ֪֮ģͻѨΪĵҩʥأУÿʮ꣬ҲƳһ
˵ڱĽ죬˵鵤Ѿ޼֮
СѨ񽣷ɵͻѨаĵǸŲϧһдĶ
ڣ˾Ȼһ˵鵤Ϊͷһ˾е뱦Ҳ˵֮ˡ
˭
ҳλ˵鵤ˡ
ֻϧͷڳ˭˭ܡ鵤Ѳվֻûܲ³ݡ
Ȼ̨ϵλʼҼʦʦزڴС
ֻȻ֪ݣȴҲ׵ȴŵĵӣڳֻһ֪ܣһй¶Ȼ֪⡣
ʱδ֮ܳŭ
ϾȻǻʳǰĶʦʳһȨֶŵĴеӣһŭɱȣȴ΢ˡ
ԣȻͬ𾪣ȴҲй¶ʵݡ
̨£˾ҲЩ΢𾪡
ݣ˵鵤ֶҲǿ״ġô⻹һΣлӴ˵鵤Ļᡣ
Ȼ˵ʵ˵ûжãҲܷϹޣΪһ⽣塣״˵Ŀֲֵ
Ըó˵һأкܶˣͷ۵ıѡ⣬Ǽֵ
ʹѻ굤Чдڣأͷ֮ҲԻһת
ԣֻ΢ԥһ˲漴͵˵ͷڵɽ
˾˻һв˶ʱ¶һ˿ʧɫ
ֻˣȴҲһ
˽ڹ

Ϊڣʱ˾ûףǵȴȻǼ档
ѻ굤֮󣬵ʮƷа֮
ʯ׿лɱλ߾õļΪһһƷе۸ҪԶԶջں벻ٵġ
Ҳ뻻ϡȣȻֵȼʹҲûжٵġ
󣬴ԱǮʽ˳ȥֻİٰʮƷǮһʱǡ
ټջڣ룬ֱӶһʼҼʦ֮õıǮ
۳ΪɢƷر顱ȥİپʮϵıǮûС׬һ㣬ٴγһǧ
ֻȻҲϡôɢЩҩرеĿĻѾﵽȴֻ㿴û׳֡
û㹻Ķ֮⻨һǧƷǮˡ
ֱһδ˵鵤عⷵյĳ֣۹⣬ٴγ


754 Ů˾
δ˵鵤عⷵյǾ鵤
Ψһã˽֮ʱ΢һʱٶȣʱ֮ڣѾʧȥ˷£عⷵգӵƬ̵
ֵҩ˵ߣҲߡ
Ϊ˾ҷ֮Ϲؽܱ֮ƻ޷ת࣬ԡ뱣ȫ󲿷ȻҲá
˵ʮޣҼʹȫ˷ˣҲôһʱմ˻Ҫģ˵Ҳûʲô
˵Ըӡ
Ϊ֮϶кܶܶδԸɣȻعⷵյṩʱ䲻࣬ȴϾôһʱ
һʱ֮ڣѰת˽Ը´С
һʱ
٣ñѱˣһ
ΪСһжˣԸΪ֮ϧһдۣȻ϶д֮ˡ
һҲöû̫칦Ч鵤ȴдδ˵ԭ򡭡ĳЩսǺõģļֵѷɫڴĴ˵鵤
Ȼڳˣֹһܿļֵ
ȻܶڼԼʵǿ󣬲գ˭Ҳ޷֤һҼĴйŴ壬˭Ҳ֪ʲôΣս٣ԣ׼һݾֶΣǺõġ
ԣʦۿʼһǳ׷֮˷
ʮ򣡡
򣡡
ʮ򣡡
İ򡭡
˭İʮ򣡡
ǺǣİʮҲã򣡡

عⷵյľۣһʱ˾һΣȫ֮ˣֻҪǮԣģв뾺ۡ
ҶаḡʤѩӦѩ飬Ƕɣ˾Щ봫йŴģǾ۵رףÿ˶öδ˵鵤ڱصá
ҲξۣҲ뽫µģֻ󲻵òǮȺ˳׷ˡ
򣡡
ǾҶľۡ
ʮ򣡡
аıۡ
߰򣡡
ḡıۡ
˰򣡡
󣬡ħ˾һһ𺳵ļ۸
ȫһƬĬ˶ûٿۡ
۸쭵˰˶֪ǸղЩʧ̬ˡ
ǾҶḡˣŻȻ˰һöδ˵鵤˵׵׵ˡ
⻹Ǿת鵤ֻ岻ٵ¶ϼʱƵҩѣΪҵһԾĵеıǮ
䶨˶Ӹտöعⷵյĳ嶯˹գ˵˾¡عⷵյĽ׽֮𽻻ҲͲӽβ
˵βǽΪһҪĻڣҲǴ󲿷˵ĿģǮĽڡ
ûв룬ΪȻϻһöǮȴ׼ڴ˽Ͻ佻׳ȥ
Ը⣬϶дѵԸ⡣
ˮͫʫ˪ˣֻһööǮģҲ֪Լ˴йŴ壬ɴະۣ׸ˣһԼҪ鵤
봫йŴ˻ΣգǽԼеıǮһȥȥչأҲʱ򣬳ɾͻڱͷһء
ȻҲ˭Ҳ˵飬лᣬûԸŹȻԵģʵΣҲ׷
ˮͫʫ˪˻бǮ⣬ḡҶˣϵǮҲǴиࡣ
ûȫ׳ȥǿϲƷŻῪڣҲԽ׳ȥ˼ö
һգڳ˵Ǯһֻ
ЩϣһöûУȫ˳ȥȴнһСˣ˳ʮö׼ʸ
ȻЩһǮģ˼ΪĴֵֵۣûг֮ǰ˭Ҳ˵׼
ˣһ̣ҲֻԸԸ֮˵ûֵֵ֡
һȥǮˣ׬һϡ챦ȴԶʧȥ˽봫дĻԵ۶һʮöǮģȴ˽شдĻᡣ
ܴӴдУõӦĴкͱǿ϶Ǵ׬׬
УǾֻһɶ
ⱾһĲûǸıԼǸˡ
Ǯ֮󣬾ǸʼʦԵɽڣһ㲻ʲôرΪ̨ģ֮ǰѾóˡ
㻹ʣڸеģҲǱ߽϶ѣֵһᡣ
Ǯһ󲿷˾ȥˣģֻһСˡ
ԴˣҲûᣬͬûͣˮͫʫ˪˸к뿪
뿪֮󣬲û߶ԶֻڹڵȺ˰ΣƬ֮һµӹһңһŰɫߡ
ǷֹݱʶƣҪҪԸԸǾԼˡ
ˣȻûԥֱֽϣȻٵȴ˰ΣµȻطȴѾһǵŮӣǱˣʳ֮ף˾
˾ûиߣһǲмҲûҪ
Ϊ𽻻ϣ˶֪Ҫ뱦ѻ굤Ҷ֪ݣѻ굤ȻҲ⣬벻ûʲô
ֻΣʵûϵй֮ԵŮӣȻСʹͷ֮ǴȷȷˣĿ
ΪԷ鵭ԶһƬȻı顣
Ǳͷ֮ݵĹϵֻʹݣԵſŵԸ˰ɡ
˾ϣһ˿һָоûУͬһˮһȪԶİԶĵȻ
УȻӹһֵͷ˾츳˽ܳʳΪ˾һ֮¡
ͷ֮Ӱ쵽ҲܱģͲǡħ˾ߣλ˾˰ɣ
ҡҡͷⶼӦùܵ顣
ΣֻΪһѻ굤ڴҲ޽
λѻ굤ˣ
ڴʱһͺȻ𣬱ŴŴһĸܡ
һ̧ͷ˵ĲǱˣǡ˾
װɡ
״˵ͷһУǰ棬˲ƿһһס
ɫǸƿװľѻ굤ɫģװһö˵鵤񽣷ɵ
˾״ĿϵİɫһӶ漴Ҳû˵ʲô֣óƿοƿۣ漴˵ͷ
ûȷѻ굤һ񽣷ɵ
䣬ִӻһԲα񣬵ݸҪ뱦ʱܴĪҲ֪ʲô죬ˡ
鱦һ֣˲˾ϣͷ·һŻƹ⡣ƹУԼԼһ̳һŵ⡣
ֽӽֻб֮ϣůƺŵ
һ뵽һֱ˾¶Ⱥֻ¾º㣬ҲɫΣҺôߣҲû˿ó
ۣȷ˱û٣漴봢䣺û⡣˾룬ˣ
䣬Ѿ߳ҡ
һ£͸ˮվöƿԶȥıӰ˼


755 д忪ϣ
õȡԼӦõıǮԼѺ׼öѻ굤ҲûжֱӾתȥˡ
ſһˮͫʫ˪ûг֣ƺɸĵ½У֪ҪЩʲôƷ
ԥһ£뵽еǼƷ漴һ˲жԲߡ
ֱһָ֣ڿлһֽ
ֽ缴һֻƴף泯ߣˮͫʫ˪˵Ȼؿջˡ
һصջ˷ţһӣǰϣʱƾճһѵƷ
ЩƷһһֻƿһöͨԲ淺ŨӤȭ飬ҪһȻǴ˾жһĻɫ뱦
öƿֱװıѻ굤񽣷ɵ
˶Ϊ˶һһ֧ȥ˽ӽֵ֮ҩֻʣһǱҪ򲻻ᶯˡ
ֽջش䣬ʣ
Ǳᣬջ
ᣬһĵƷ񣬻һƿɢ
һƷɢѾڷˣЧҲûһʮƷǮ׻ָ۷塣
û֪١
뵽öƺװŨİɫ飬ģ΢һ
˲䣬İɫƺ˹ͬһɫ֮ϣ˿˿Ƶİɫ٣ٶȻӿ졣
һϢ֮䣬УѾһƬɣβǿ
ĳгȥջ
һЩ˲ԣ׷״С֣ӷָָܳ㣬ΪŻˡ
״֪Ϊ˳ۼ֮أ鲻˹ͷȷĹܣԺеǻᡣ
˲佫ΪΧ˲ۿɼٶȼ٣ϳе͸ӿ
¥µ˻û׹ͷ˳һͻȻʧӰˣɷ׷ĪΪԼۻˡ
¥һЩ˵Ƭ̣״֣ЩҲɢˡ
¥У͸Բ飬ȴǲϲɫ
治ͬѰٶǮȫֵá
˵ղţ߶ǧ֮һѾ䣬ջȫ߶С
⣬ûԭ򣬲Ȼ飬Ͳ͸ǣǳ׳һöʯˡ
٣Խ͸ȫ߳Ӧþ͸Ͼ
࣬ɫͻתȫӦóʻҰ֮ɫҲˡ
ҪҸᣬѰһȣʱܷЧá
뵽ˣһͣͱӽ˴֮Уڶ֮ԡ
ȻʱûѾƷرͬʱò˵ˡ
ſһƷҲҪһƷ
룬һУȡ峿ֵ̣ͭЩˮȥȻ֣Сǿɫ뱦õˮ֮ͭС
һĻˡ
Ҳգע֮£ֻɫ뱦У˲оӿһůĻƹ⣬ӳշ֮أͭжǹת
ۿɼƺ룬ҡͷβˮߣſڣ³һһڵĻɫ
ЩɫˮУˮƺı仯峺΢ƣ͸ƣͬʯһɫɢһ㡣

ֻһоѪٶȱ˼֣ԭаһսǿȼ߻ָӶͿյ壬Ҳָ֮˼֡
ȻȲ󣬵ȷܸоڻֱָ£Ч
뵽ˣЦ⣬һ֣˳̲סϸ
Ȼ˾˵ƺҪһ²ܻһȪҲżȻָ־ͺá£ȿ֮
ţ鱦ô򵥡
˾˵˿鱦żûӰʲôҲò򵥡
ãȪ֮ܣǴĸӹܣҲǱӰ֮
Ȼ˾ӵлͫҲܱ˾鱦й۲쵽ĶҪ࣬Ҳ鱦ֵ
ָأ˶ν⣿
뵽ˣԥ߶ӿ˫Ŀ˲ɫĹ⣬һš
֮Ȼ˱֮УͬĹӰ˷ˣ޷ޣ˫־죬ƺʲô
һ̣Ӱð̹⣬˸
ֻһ̣дֲĴʹƺʲôÿĶ˫еһɢĿʹķһӴΧ̣ͭˮһء
еʧеĹӰҲ֮ʧͬڹղֻһĻþ
ֻǣǻþ
˫ʹ˽һʱ΢ָȴҲħͫ뱦еܣԲĲ²⡣
ղʲôһļַĳܵĵֻĳϹŲĴ֮ܣ
⣬ȥȴôҲ޷֣ⱦͨ͸Ͼһ˿Ӱ߶ʲôӰУ
ţ϶Ϊô񣬻Ϥ
˾żӰ϶ǸֱͫӿƵġֻӰضʱĳг֣ҲʱħͫͲֺ֢ˡ
ֻҲ֪ʾӰʲôʱܣҲֻ̽ˡ
£仯ȪĹܣõһȪָԼص״̬Ҫ
ţţȥջڵ꣬һƷ̣ϴɾ֮ʢˮ뱦УȻս˴䡣
һһݣȵйŴ忪֮ʱԼãȻʱ䲻תȫҲӦмЧ˰ɡ
£Ϊ˾ָƣȥеҩ󣬹˼ƷġѪȻЧ϶ûжǿҲʤޣڷ֮Ǻĳɡ
ϧеѪҲ࣬Ȼȫˡ
ˣ˼˺ҩԱйŴ֮ãŻصջȴպ󴫳йŴĿ


756 д忪£
ֻûȵд˳ڶգһƷˮͫʫ˪ˣȴˡ
徳ʿ޳׽Ƕ̻˼գȻûʲô飬ҲҪϻظŻң׼չأ˴ջˡ
Ȼ徳ʿǲûȡô֮Ҳǲơ
ǣʱǮȥһı㹻ܳһʱˣܴӿǵٶȡ
Ҳټ֮ʱǾͶΪ벽߾ˡ
ЩޱĶ
ϾǮҪŽ봫д֮ãɲܹȫ޹˼ɵȫһƷ
Ȼܽ봫д壬ֻҪԵ̫ɾͿ϶ԶԶǵġ
ûΪһʱ䣬ҲǣҪ봫дܵأҲûʱǡԣھ¥нһˣʹһٱϯˮͫʫ˪ˣ뿪ˡ
ˮͫʫ˪˷׷뿪ʱУǰΧ徳ʿ޵ڶս֮ˣҲ½뿪ˡ
Ͼ徳ʿѾҲûʲôֿɿ
˵һʢѾ˽д岻ֵܹڣЩ뵽Ҫеаɽᣬȴǰаɽ
Щˣȴаɽֽ䲻ʲôȤϸŻҲҪ£Աֱ뿪ˣȥȥ
ÿˣÿ˵飬һֱſ˵֡
ԣ󴫳йŴ忪⼸ʱ䣬ǵǷƽ˾Ҳࡣ
˴ʮöǮӵнԿ׵ĵӣŸ׼ˣ׷뿪ģҪ£ҲҪһйŴ忪ʢֻϧǶעʧˡ
Ϊ֮һ̫ҵʱȴֱӰ˻ʹӵʮöǮߣҲ⣬ȫڴˡ
ţһ͹⻪£ʧӰ١
ЩȴŹۿд忪ʢˣȫ֪ǵ䣬ҪῴʲôйŴĿһʧ뿪

˴ͷؽѣолعŷԼѲǸûʵĻʹһݼŵڡ
ľ棬ͬһɫĻѹͷȻκǳ
ƺһ޴ޱߵƽԭƽԭͷ޾ĺҹκƷ
Ψǰɵĵطһ·بʹڵľ޴ӣӿͷײȴ͸⡣
ǣ
Ӧѩ˶еһĺ⣬ֱͷ
ΪйŴĻԵ˭֪ﶼ֪˻ݼţ˭Ҳ֪Լʱʲôط
Ȼдţдʳǣ
ʱ˿̣˸Ҹǣ˴ǣǿ϶˵һưѶԷ
ȻҲ㲻Сܱ߼˭û˽϶ûһƬŹֵƽԭûƽԭĵǾ޴󰼿ӡ
¸¡
ڴʱһЦһ̣һλڳеĿˣȻ֣վ˵ǰ
һȺ֪ߵغСӣΪйŴʲôƵءȷڶඥУûΣգΪʳ˶ɵӣǽ룬ȫԼĵӽ𣿡
봫дĸڵӣܴеõԵֻôȼȴĬĬţߣɥʧΪзϣӴ˱ˣǻҪȥ𣿡
ʲôˣ
ԹˣȻֵĺߣҲǲɳһ
Ϊߵĳ֣Ϣڳˣ˵ΪһСȺˣһλǰҲδûа취࿹һ
ߵĳ֣ڳˣȴûһܸӦĵ
һȻⲻ𾪵Ըӣ󱳷
ߵĳ̫ˣ̫ˡ֮ߣֻ¾Բһķ伣ֻ硣
ߵ˭ղʲô⣬ֻڳˣûһܵסһС
ûз֮㶼֪ĳ֣ηǿֲ֮
״󴫳У˵칤ɽϯӣḡϯӣҶȣͫȻһһ
ǰ˭Ϊλ
վе֮ˣ˶ߡ
ҲǱʱ˿̣ܳˣǵˣȻʳͱˡ
Ҫ֪˵ģǰھӢδļ̳һôͬʱ£ֻѷʳﻹܴǧ꣬ʼһ
ԣϸһ˼ڷȻϢ죬ȴյϢȻûе⡣
ۼˣ֮£һСȦνߣȻۣȴϣϸȥǽ߾һڿնĽһּϢ
ĪǣǴ˵صģػ
ٺ٣û뵽ʵȻУȴǲҲδûʸ봫д崳һ
ԣһЦûٹŻˣһָǾ޴ƥӵдɣ
䣬ٲ໰ȴͷǹ찼Ӽжȥ
˼״Ȼ˼תδȥѾжҲòΣϡ
Ƭ֮ԱߣһʱһɫŹ֣
֮ߣ֪ǧɣһнŵ׷ĸоȴɫŹֵԵɡ
ֻ֮ףȻһСɽ壬ͺͨƽСɽһģһƽ̵ܲأۣûһʥصӡ
Ҫǣûκ˼·Ѿãһ壬ЩУȴƫƫһյյƻͬѰ˾㤲һĶ
һȫûȮ͵ĻĴ壬ÿһҵȴеƹҲ֮ǰЩȴһ˿˼·ĳһʱ̣ͻȻ뿪еĵƹⶼδȴҲûл
뿪еĵƻҲһֱǧ꣬ʼ


757 ֮
⣬ʥأд𣿡
ֹһУʣȴû˸ʳ
֮ߣʵȴһֱػĵط˵صأǿ󣬿һػʳǿǻʳһһһΧʳǧʢ
֮һ壬Ҳػǿ֮ˣƹʳǿɰϵǱҪʥʶָӲǡ
Ϊǣһϵֻάʳǧȴںһʥ˭
Ҳ˵ЧҵģԼػʳְȴĳһʥʸˡ
Ҳһ峬Ȼ⣬ʵǿÿ£ȴ֮⣬֪һҪԭΪһ壬˵ػʳûгִΣǾһȺ֮ˣʳĸ䣬ֻʳһ⵽ΣǲŻ֣Ľһ⣬άϵʳת
ˣ֮˵ﲻǴд壬ֻ¶ûˡ
ֻǣӸߴǧɣǸֵСǴ˵еʥأд壬Ҫνȥ
ƺǸӦ˵ɻ󣬺ȻһЦȥȥںڣüʮöǮҾͿ뿪⻹һݼ۸񲻷Ƶĸ䱦
ôǺûû˳
Һò״ʮöǮ˳û˻˵ġ
ǣʲôЦǧɸ߿գͷȻֱȥǿЦҪȥǾѨǿߣ¾ǷǿˣֻҲҪһȫƾˤ࣬Ȼ£ʳдķϰɡ
Īǣʳı⣬Ϊ˰Щ½ĳһΪ콾ȫȻʳǧأ̣
ֻҲ˵ͨʳΪ˿Ӻ콾ģЩ˵УӴдֵ߳õԵӶµˣôȥôȥģ
ߣҾͲʳƭǣ
ȺУһġа⼸ΪôӣʱȻһ̤һȻ˾ȵĿУȻֱߵ֮ǰȻ˫һţͷһݣȻľһݶȥΪһСС㣬ٵȥ
⣿
˶Īû뵽аĸôô޾ɫˣҲ
ֻǺߣӹһ˿쳣ûж˵ʲôֻ˵ôûУûҪ˳ģ
УھվʮöǮҿʹ뿪ģԸԸ⣬ʮϢ֮ڣȥûôʱ䣬ĥ䣡
ʮϢаûеִصףҲ֪ȥʲôܽ봫д廹ֱӻˤһ̯ࡣ
Ǿʹ뿪򲻿ܵġ
мɫԥŲ΢΢һ
˼״۾һĨм֮ɫû˵ʲôֱӿʼʮţˣߣ壬ģ
״ȺмԸȽϼˣһҧ۾һգŵµǸļŹŴ׹ȥϷ죬ƺһ˲䵹תҵ쳹˶Ĥ
ߣ
ӦѩһۣҲ໰ֱ¡
Ҷ˾ߣḡǶɣͫȣͬʱ¡
ʤѩѪģϼӵȣ¡
ۿʮϢתۼڣʣµļˣ󲿷Ѿ£Ҳԥãں˿һ֮ʱЩͬһҧ۾һգһ㼿ı飬ȥ
ʱаֻһľ룬֮ߣ
֮һµĺߡ֮״ٺ١һЦһĨĪĹâһȻûһ˱סȫȥˣ
ϣһºǻȫϷڴ˵ȴǡ
˵꣬һתȻʹʧͬûгֹ˭Ҳ֪ȥ

ХǱ糹׹ԽԽ죬ȴֶȻֹͬͣ
ǧɸ߿һԾ£ʧصĸоÿһ˶зš
ʹ츳νܳθ߾ԸμͣʣҲǵһԽˣ̲ס۾ױϣڰо͡Ĵв
ڵڶݶӵȴûһ۾ϸĸΧķ磬ԼĿ⾼ضԾµа
ͬţʳ˶ΪӦֻһ顣
ģ˵ԼǣңԸԸ⣬ȫˡ
Ͼ֮ףҪǾȥȥһʣǴдջΣ˵Ѿ˼ŪʮöǮԿףȴдĴŶûȥҲӡ
ҪǣΪչȫǮŻҲ׷ŹǵģʱٵģǱѿˡ
ԣǲҪһ
һȴǸԴˣǱ۾һֻͨˣȴȫ̽һж۲У
ֻ·аѾµСûжԶˣֱӵȥа¿϶һһһӱˤһ
ҵǣһĻûз
аСϿʮ֮ʱȻһ͸ĵɫĻ·ͬһԲĻĴС
аϣζȻһȻϷɳʮƵĹâΧĹĻαһˮ󺣣ѹʧĿȨֻصϡ
Ȼʹ˵ʧˣȵٿʱѾȻȵվ˻Ĵһʯʹ㳡֮ϣɫãȻܡ
漴Ӧѩ˷׷׸ϵͬһĻٴβÿ϶ɳһЩƹ㣬漴˱ʮˮ飬ˮ棬ʮȻ˾ֻһᣬ֮ǰʧصĸоȥҲָ
һ̣ǰһֻһ֮Լǻع񣬺ȻѾڰԹ㳡֮ϣԱһĪа
ˣȫˣ
һܣ˱徳ʿޣŸѱضʮöǮĶ콾˴νģһһʮöǮĸڶӣԼλʳȨֶΣͽʳӡ
аҶ˾ߣḡӦѩ飬Ƕɣͫʤѩ
ǾλԼӵ㹻Ǯġ
Ѫģأ껿գǧУĽůԼչʮöǮԱ
ϼӣʳӣȴȨʸͽĻԱ
ϼӵˣû⣬ϾʳأȻⷢһǮһԼ˽ϾдʮſһΣԵȫΪãʳԲô󷽡
Ѫģأ껿ˣܴչʮöǮǲţаɽ꣬˴ҲǶĵӣͬ֡
ֻǣǧв֪ʲôֶΣȻҲܽĽůһֱôעˣȻҲܴչʮöǮȴ˴۾
ڡʿƾһ¥ֻû滪չʮöǮ뵽ʤѩһ漴ȻԸȴʹ˽˵˽֮׵̫𽣣֪ʤѩضǴӦʲôŵ
ڿҲӵʮöϵǮ뵽ʧȥ̫𽣣ǻȻףֻ¾ǵʤѩӦĳŵչǮ봫д塣
һν붥еĻᣬһ̫֮𽣣ѡʲôѾԶ׼
ֻǣҶҪô
⴫д忴ĲܱҲ﷽Բ֪̽ٴΣҪ˵ʲôУֻ˶š
ҪǣûһߣЩҪѰң
һƽСɽ壬ЩνĶУʲôط
ɻ˲䣬ȴǰգȻ޶˸ֳһн֣һš
УԵ


758 ֲɱ
УԵ
ʲô˼ѵָѰҵ⴫дִеķ
ֻ֣Ҳ̫ͳˣ̫ģˣ˶̫ס
ŽУҪһĳв˺ӦǡϣֻҪż
ƮѲ⣬ȴۣĻԵβŻԻ
ֹһ󣬼˿ͨͨСɽ壬һԻ
һһ۾ܿ׵Сɽ壬ô֮УԼصĻԵأ
á
ϧʱ˵أҲûнֳʧ֮ҲûָǰУһȫֻܿԼ
ˣɣ˷ʱ䣬֪ȥҲǡɴأ
һԥƬ̣վͲס˵شдɵǱǾͲԼô
ȻеõԵǿ϶Ҳԡ
뷨˵߳ʯ󱣻ķΧһһŲԶСȥ
һ˶ʱҲȫɧˡ
Ͼؾǰ˭Ҳ಻ס֮ǰΪ⴫деĻԵѰңڣһǰ˳ȥҵȴַûʧ
ȺԼˣֺ⴫деĻԵȱ˴
Ǹ뿪ˣͬһܿ죬мҲɺݺһȭͷʲôҪ죬ꡣҾͲҵˣ
һ߳
˵ʹءĿǰҶ֪ѰһԵֻҪȥͶһϡͬһ壬ʲôǲܵġ
˵꣬һ߳Ĵ塣
߳
Ŵ˵ʲôŲڴСʳķԴأи챦ǲΪģȻ϶ȡˣ˵ʲô©֮أҲˣ
״Ӧѩ˶һۣڵ˵ͷҲ߰ɣ
ȻǼЩçײˣϾ⴫дɲлԵΣգôţҲûʲôãȥһԡ
ҶȥѰԵǸǻǻԵΣգͿԼˣ
˵꣬Ҳ˳ȥԷֿ
򴫳д֮Ӧѩȴ򴫳д֮
ڣӶȥˣΪ֮׵ḡҶ˼״ò˰֣ľ˸ɢȥѰҶԼһݻԵ
ϾСȻ󣬵﷽Բⷿݾټ䡣
ڳ֮ˣʮôһҲ缸ʮˮһƬУ´ࡣ
һԵֻһ˴ҲͬʱȥԶǸѰԵҲֻḡҶ˵Լˣ
ߣ
ڣ˶˳ȥʯ˶ʧһգԼһºڴ
ֻǵʱǲǻ˶ص˵أô뿪ȴδ֪֮ˡ
Ҵʱ־ΪԼǣһУضԵƵճɾ۷壬߳йŴ壬Ӵһ֪£˾ʱ
ȴûжˣע⵽Σա

Сڴеʯϡ
֣ںʹ⣬ȻͬĻڵҪȴŨö֪࣬ȣִڵŨȣǴ
Զһĵط࣬˴мһС壬ΧֻмʯɽԼһС
С֮ϣ糱ж󣬹ƾСˮԴԴء
ʱȻ̽Ǽʯɽʱ򣬵֮ǿеЩԵԼЩԵδ
ͬʱҲûзſԼġ
ףУֹδ֪Σ˼ɵͬʱԱĵˣͬ費
ⱳĵˣȻ˵δ֪ΣǺͬ࣬ڴδ֮ʱЩ˿ల£һҪĴͬһһгͻֻѪͻƲķ
ɲϽ磬飬¾ǰ˴ţҲû̫õԼЧ⴫йŴĸ콾ɲЩҲֻܵһݲ¡
ǴдĲпᣬȷ֤ݣ֤ĳĳĳɱ򣬰ڻ̫׷
ԣǻãҲɱ¾ĵñԼϲʱ򣬿ܾΣյʱ̡
̣һߡ

С¿Ȼ󣬵УǸоӵвСķΧ
ʯǰһֱǰӿȥСУǺᶫϱʱڴд֮ϣŴ嶫ͷȥ
ţȻǰһʳӵӰ
һΪ׳լԺǰլԺţϿͭǰһҡͷԵССʯʨۣݲݷȫͬ
⴫длԵլԺֻ¾֮һ
Ȼϲߵ֮ǰŶ֮ʱ˲䣬һͭΪֻѾޣʳӵ˫ҧϡ
һҽУɫҰף쵹ˣȻɱδֹͣ
˵һԿһСʯʨ֮䣬ͷʯʨȻͬʱſڣ³һų̵Ļ棬һ̣꣬ҽжûзһȻΪ˻ҽ
ûжԶңңһĻȻֻ˼׵֮У޶ðһֲĺһֱȫⶳþöûлع
ŽãһˣеĴڶûȷϢҷ˵ӵı˵⴫дежΣգпᡣ
һżᶨ֮ģֵֺΣжܼȥ
֪
ԥһ£ҧûԥǰߣլջ
ȥҲΪûдУףǿȴ壬ƲסԼģҲһ̤£ٲ
լͻأһʯݲݷۣ֮ǻԵֻ½ȥѲ֪Ҳֲ
ˣլʲô˲֪ΣգղʳӵѾ˵һУȻصĸޡ


759 ʥԪ
֮
ߵӶͷһͰʯһССĹ㳡㳡ˣһССƽ̨ƽ̨ˣʯ泯졣
ÿͷʯУһöʯ顣
봫йŴʮˣмеѾ룬еȴѾ䣬ûκһ
ڱ˶ѰһԵʱȰд峹һ飬ÿһ䷿ÿһʯ·ӰȴûóȻκһ䷿֮С
;˼ЦĪĪǻЩ˵ĳЦһ̹ȻԣգȻҵ۲졣
ģҲһЩɡ
ħͫУٷʮطмգһ̤룬С
Ʃһ˼ҵˮУˮеˮǧ꣬Ȼ̼ףɢһȪ֮㡣
ֻΪһĲףΪ׵ƺаһڿҪˮеˮʣֻ»ؾҪ˲䷢ˮ˴
ڴһ֮ϣҵļ䳲Ϊͨ䳲ǾˣΪһֲĽÿһɱͨ벽
¾Ƕװ벽ǿˣȫ޷֮£ҲпУдĶ
磬һ䷿ݺ棬һСƬҩԣǲر֮ذɣⷿݣǰһҩ̣ҩԺ֣ǧ꣬滹һСƬҩ
ΪǧҩԽвժԱߵһС˲ͻᱻÿһƬҶᷢһɱУ֮ǧС

֡
գΪԽӵбĵطԽΣա෴Щ۵ĵطԽплԵĴС
Ʃ磬УҲûп˶
֮ǰ·֮ʱһһ곤צħֵľ֮ǰֻˮϢһ£Īи򣬾Ȼһ׾
ֻҪƬռʱŷֲ֪ʱƬռͬһռϣȫˡ
˻ҵȻܿȴоһ⣬ǣǸ˵ĵϣȴһƬİ׹⣬ԽԽ·ǳ
һΣһֻŵϵһʯд˼ʣȻ顱һʯһֺȻȻһ⽫Ǹ֣Ǹ˾ƾʧȥټ
Ҳģ«ʱȴôʯ޶ȻԵѾҲֻп̾ڣض㣬ȴûʲôˡ
УԵ
ģЩ˸ֵ˼ҲҪȥܣܱܿһվΣջ񵽷˶Ĺʵ
졣
ڴôطһһ߹Ҳһãߵ嶫㳡ƽ̨ȻͷоĪĳһĸо
ʯ̨Īʯ̨Χʯеʯڷ⡣
ǰʯ꣬䡱һ˲䣬ʯͬ˹Ȼһ̣ʯ̨תһʧӦȻʹһƬصĿռ䡣
ռУɽԲԣçç񣬾㶼ŤģͣȱΡ
ȻУȴӦʽַͬÿһʽ·ǳӵſֲ
֪ĻԵˣҲм䣬򣬽ģһŵƷȱѧĳΣе
صĹΪʥԪ֣Ϊÿһصģһʽרؾַ
ַһɣһڱϣ˲ĳһݾֹͣתͣѪȻӰ˹
ƽʱãʱͻȻôһ£Ҳʤзתء
мصַ·ǳʹԣҲ㻨ʱ䣬ųգȵյһ죬Ѿȥʮ֮á
Ȼûһ£ȻȻʧֻһתٴλصĿռ䣬ʯȴѾӰ
֪ԵѾֻʣҵʱ䣬úðգѰһԵȻϲ£ôǮֻһŵƷַвʵġ
ֻǻԵûôѰ죬һãʱ佥ȥתֹ졣
ȻʲôԼôãֻһʯ̨˸ӦĪǣǴ˵ػԵѾ
ǴдȻ˹ϣأӦֹˣĪԼԵ㣬ǣԼҴ˷
Ȼ̧ͷǼʯɽԼһƬޱȵ
мдУһˣϲסɽˮ֮ôЩʯɽûǰµĴдأ
뵽ˣ˲伤Ŀǰû˳ʯɽȥȻû뵽˵㣬⣬ҲĻᡣ
ԥһ£һʯɽȥ


760 ʯͼ
Ȼһ߳Сȴķ֣ǼʯɽƺֻܽȴƺԶͬľ롣
߶ãǼʯɽ֮⼸ĵط
ɻܿͷӦǻ⴫д⣬ȻһȻ֪ģĴСҿ϶ֻ䲻С
пܣֹԼһߣдΧܶһͻ
һд壬Уȥ򵥣ҪֻҲûôס
˭Ǵӻ߳Ļ仹û뻯ĵزǣӵʦ͵Ļ߷䣬䡷Իļʶȴֻ˼
ʶֶֻ֮Ҫϸ۲һܿͷ
Сʱ䣬߳˻󣬶һǼʯɽʱǰ
ʱף֮ǰһֱԭ̤ʵôߣдΧ﷽Բġ
һͨȻྶͥ
Ѿʱ䣬Ȼԥֱ㳯Ǽʯɽȥ֮ڸϵһʯɽʯɽ֮Ȼһ®ڡ
ˣȻǴϲ
ףɽˮ
ʿˣϲƧɽˮĸΪұĥԼ֮ļãʯɽӦһˣȻֲܳ®Ĵڣֻ¾ʲôǿڴ˵֮ʱ
Ȼˣпܾ´лرڡ
ȻҲף˴дǧĸ̫ˣвǿߣùĸ֪١
ЩˣҲ˻ֻᷢܣʯɽһ̽®Ҫ˵һ֣ԼţЩȻˣ϶ȥڵĴУӵеƷɨһգֻҪԼ޴®Уһݴдڵġ
뷨׼®ȥ
һΣٴη󷨵ĺۼ
ʯɽ֮ʵǶȥʱȴԼԽ볯ǱߣԽԽԶϸ֮˼۵ʯѡ
ЩʯѣһһĹ켣ڷųϸ֣ᷢΪЩʯѣʯɽϵѣʯҲûʲô̫Ĳͬ
Ӹ߿ոˣȴԶΧЩΪ۷ͨʯѣЩʯѰһضĹ켣ϵ
һ˾ʯѵ״ҲԾȻȻһССľŹԡ
󷨼ԣȻûжѡ
Ҳڱ˶ԣȫ֮ͨҪȥʯɽֻ²Ǽ򵥵£лض󷨣ȻδжྫŹʯȴҲжѡ
ΪдУԴд壬ȻΪ˺ıеģʳһЩǿߣλʥʡ
ǽŴУǶǰ˵һ־ǶԺ˵һּ˭ԵܵõЩУӶΪʳ
ǵȻ벻ǧʳ˻Ὣ˿ţ󷨣ȻһѶȣȴȫƽ⣬Ȼаţȴ˵Ľ롣
ٴλСʱȥŹʯڣһǰ赲һСССǰֱͨǰĲ®
ûд⣬ǵýŴһ죬ЩжңԼʹһС·ƽҲǴһǧСģС
һ·϶ʲô仯ڿ®ʱŷ֣˲®ܱߵΧʮŨԶԶϴдڣȴй֮
ȻŹʯ󣬲ֹֹ󷨣Ҳо֮ЧЧǳ
Ѱȵϼʮ꣬ҲܴﵽٵЧ˵޵ߣʺĻŨȵĻУΪҲԶȱ˸һ
ѹִ˻ѡһСʯɽΪаգʯɽñȴд˾סڴ
ˣȻΪŨȱطߣΪ®пܴڵĶҲûԥתʮԶ̧ƣƿȲ®ڵľš
®ƿľź龰һۿ֪һССţһʯһС¯ЩƽƷ˵Ψһ⣬Ӧñʯ֮ϵ̵һͼ֮ϡ
Ƿͼֽ̻ʽȻƼ򵥣ʮ׾һȥȴ˲о·ӭҫۣ׹Ŀ
ӦһСȻ˲®Ȼв֮֮ǰߣûлȥͼֻͼҲʲô֮ɣ
ţ֣ϵֽͼ


761 
ָһʯͼ˲䡰䡱һͼӿʶһһֽۣСˣһһʽȴΪش̳еĽ
΢һˣֻ¾ͻ˲䱻Щͼ񼷱ҲΪһˡ
ҵǣڳˣھӡĴ̼£ر죬ԶһѨڣ˴벽Եǿסˡ
һһ֮
㻨ҹʱ֣ԺеĳֽͼŽʧʯͼҲΪıܡ
Ȼֻǳ˽⣬볹գ͸֮ڻͨûô׵飬ֻ»Ҫʱϰ
ҲʯͼΪʲôû˻ȥˣǲ룬ǲܡ
ʯ֮ϣһĽڣһӦΣ˲˵Уٴﵽ˶װ벽Σߡ
Ȼڴ˾סģһλ⽣ˣĽֻʣһ˿ϣжװ벽ӽڡ
ˣֻҲǷǿߣҼпܣǷڻ۷Ķǿߡ
Ҫ֪Ϊһ˷ѶȾͿʼÿһС֮ѷɫ֮ǰش󾳽֮Ĳ࣬ȻƿûѨͻƷô󣬵ѵʱ䣬ȴһҲ١
ܶһʹŴ֧ŵԴ£ӷͻڣҲҪʮʮϵʱ䣬ӷڵڣûʮʮϺѰ쵽
Ŀǰ޵磬ʹԴȱҲʮڷھ磬ˣƾ޺ʱĻۣǿڡ
ܴﵽΪģȴ޼޵綼ûмˡ
ڷ۷壬Լһİ벽׾޵磬ҲֻдеʧʮġҶɮһ˴ﵽ
Ѿ۷壬ڳ׾ƿλڶȷǷڣԣ磬ֽش½˵ѾǴ˵еĴ˵ļ޾硣
󲿷ֶԣνķ֮ޣ֮ǰȴֲֵһᡣ
Ϊںܶ˶ԣʹδ䣬ͻƷ࣬ͻףһòΣƿΪ׾壬ת׾ŵһһԼķ
̣ʵΣޱȣܶڵһڻ
ʹŹһףһһΣգһһ£ֹҿ궼ȼһգԣ׾½֮ϣļ֮±Ϲ֮ʱǿ߱ߣ׾ǿߣҲ޼
Ϊһأ̫ˣͻƷǿߣףҲǰٲһοֻʮλ½ˡ
׾Ǵ˵еĴ˵еĹ£Ϲ䣬żг֣Ҳһֽ֮е벽ףѾµһˣܼˡ
˷֮ⷽޣײǡ
ɾͷ֮ôѣͻƷ̫ѣΪͻƷҪĵԴ̫࣬ܶˣûݼѼͻƵʶѡ
Щð֮һͻƷʣ԰ڼ̳ˣֻҪ츳̫ЩԴĶѻ£мߵĸʣɹ뷨
ʧܵģ޼
ԣɾͷûеôѣڻ㹻ͻƷʺͻףȴУôýõģһ𣬻ɢ
ھ֮µģһЩϣҲ𲻵κãΪǲǶ𣬾꣬ܲסġ

ʯͼĹжǿʯͼȻӣϸ֮£ҲȷܸܵĲ볹ʯͼֻûôס
ˣȫ˽֮ǳһЩʯͼ֮ԺȻȻ֪ʯͼ֡

ǴʯͼͼˣһλĽǿߣԽ޼ֻһͻףȥֻϧشޣվ䣬ȻɻֻʯͼĴС
֡ʳĶǿУҲǰĴڡ
µ⻯Ȼ򵥡
ȴǵĹ֮УԿΪ
ĥУ֣ʽУƼ򵥣ʵǧ򻯣ӵ޾ĿܡÿһֲܻͬĽУԲȵɣԷʽΪΡ
ԣⲻһŴԹΪĽУԿΪ
һǧ˿ơԲΪģ֩˿γɵ˿ߣԷʽϻԷٶȣضԷĹսԷĽлȥ
ڶ֮˲ļһռ侵Ľ⣬Ȼ󽫶ԷĹסôһ˲һ˲ʤ֮
ںġѩ֮ġɹԪȽУ޲ˣԽüɷӵԱԼĹƾҲֵܵѰ
ʣȻûնصĿֲȴ֮Уһܽڻͨеɣֻ½Ȼǡ
Щɣֹ뽣κʽóʱһһʽĪܣսҲؽǡ
£Դﵽȳ̶ȣʱһЩУףԼʱѾ࣬Ҫֶ룬δйŴ֮Уջ񷢾
ϸһ£ΧûٷκƷֱȥˣûڴ˲µõĽС
˵һʯɽڶʯɽȥȻǵʯɽ


762 ֽ
ȻʯɽȴǰδйĴۡ
ڶʯɽɽһССʯʹȻģȴۼֻοͬһռ䣬ƶˣ֡
֣һΣƾ裬ȻҲ޷֪ⲻͨķֻһͿռ䷨
ֻϧԴ˲ͨҲ̫˽ռ壬Ȼǧ֮һĻᣬǰʯ
ڣףԵδ˴УӦС
Ȼָо翣ޱ߼ʣĸӦ
Ҳ֪⴫д弫򵥣ǣغˣЩƲڵĶȴȷӰ˵һһһһã˻ԵˣȻ֡
ЩۿɼɼʹǧȴҲԶôһ
Ҳֱͣʯɽȥ
ףЩ£ȷҪһߵľģЩ£ȴҪ÷ľΪЩãΪ˸õĻá
۳봫йŴǰ죬ڴеεʱ䣬ټʯռвʥԪ֡ʮ죬Ѿȥʮ졣
ڵһʯɽϣֻҹʱ䣬Ҳ˵ʱ䣬Ѿһ룬Ҳʮˡ
̫ܰʱ˷Щ翵ϣҪץʣ²ʱ䣬÷ӵ

ʯɽٴθеʧ
һΣǰһƬޣͷɽ壬ʲôҲ
ҿ϶ɽϣ϶Ҳжǿ
ǿʹĿ߶ħͫҲֻͷϿһƬεģͿˡ
ף˵ͬԵ
Եֶţʵڣ˵ûУʱߣеظܵ˵УȴôҲղסĺۼץסĸţǿ󣬷Զ
һСڣ˷˴ʱ䣬뿪йŴ壬Ѿֻдʮʱˡ
ȥƬһ̽ˡ
뵽ˣûԥһתֱǱڸǵСݶȥ
Ƭ֮ͷ·Ͷֱ֣ûããС
һ֮к͸о˫֮һңʮ֮߰ˣһ˫ȥǰһΣҲֻһƬģӰӡ
СȴŨó棬˵治ףйŴ֮ϣΪλһƬڡ
ԽˣԽе˵صĲͬѰ˵йŴ󣬵Ϊ֮
˵أҲҴ⣬֮ܵеĲͬѰ֮ٶȣ˱С
΢ɢһЩȥȴڴ˵أܵӰ죬ɨӵķΧСʮֻԲɡ
ĻУɵľ룬ûС
ɴջؾ룬Ȼһжʱһɫתİ׹ӡ
лǮµǼƷر飡
Ҳûԥߵе֮ܣ˲䣬ܵͬͬŵζ׷׷سӿϤûеöɫԲС
ɫԲеԽԽŨ󼸺˪̬ΧĿռ䣬ʱ˲٣˲٣Ȼʣûȫ⣬Ҳ֮ǰʮǧ
飬һϡ˵ȻҲЧνȻûȥֻǡ
Ŀ⳯Ĵһ£Ȼһе˲жϣ֮ƶֹʱԶһЩĵطֳӿ˹ۿٹã˵Ҫָ
Ŀ⣬ȴЦһ£ΪŸղŴһƬȥģߣڷԼʵѾԶ಻ʮɵľ롣
룬Ҳһ۵ٶȾܴﵽ
Ҫǣ֮ߣƾȥһʯţֱ쵽֮ϣֻȴûнӴˮٿյģм仹ɵľ롣
ȴǣʯţȴֲģֻһ룬ȥʮɣƺмˡ
һˣںϿգȱȫʱ˿̣Ŷ֮ϣȻͣһҺɫֽƺɢصϢ˲Ͽ
ǣֽ
˵ִţ˵һЩˣֽΪ˷УִһЩصյ㡣
Щյ㣬ҲΪϣ֮ء
վҲûԥֱӾͳǸʯȥأܱߵٴ˹ٴһƬɣȴ֪յ㣬һ·ٶȲֱ֮ϡ
֮ϣһ󺮷紵˲ʱȴһ漴ǰҺɫֽȻɢ⣬˿ܡ
漴㤵һĻǰֽ֮УƷɳֻЯֲһһֻСֽˣܱתһȦ漴֮ͣǰ
кɫֽˣһָȻֱָֽ֮ϣƺȥ
״Ŀ˸һ£Ȼδ֪ôһݿ־壬ֵ֮ʱҲֻһԥ粽ֽվȡ
ֻСֽҲɻشͷǰƺڵС
漴ɫֽսİ£ƿնȥֱȥֻһֽͨŵСվУȻƺȣҲûκ鸡ĸоͺ洬޶
⻹֣Ȼ֪ܣֻǲ֪ʱգǷһ̽ף
뵽ˣĿ΢ֽϷҲȥµĺ棬΢˫ĿĿ
Ϊףڵִյ֮ǰӦ˿ݵģִյ֮󣬻ʲôʣ޷²⣬ǸǻҲȫ޷Ԥ֪
Ҳһص쾳ҲһնΣһˣ򵥡
һгδ֪
δ֪˺棬Ҳ˾ÿ־ġ


763 龳
Ҳ֪˶ãв緽ֱо͹죬ֽȻһ٣ȻȻͣ
ʱϵķȻҲʧ٣һƬžۣͿȻѾλãֽͣٵķǰȻһ߲ʵģתŵˮС
ģͺͺв࣬ں֮ϣںϷԼʮ֮
ڰֽͶһݣȻ⣬Ͷ֮ʧ
״ͫһµڰֽˣֻ¾ҪѧҲ֮С
ѵˮ״УǴ˵ܵĿڡ
Ҳûԥ̫ãˣӲֻ΢Ƭ̺һ㣬˰𣬻һİİ׹⣬ͬȥֱͶ˰ˮ״е롣
ۣ
·һʯӣͶ󺣣һ΢죬ˣʹϷʧӰ١
Ǹˮ״УҲʧ֮СۡһȻըɢͬڡ
ֽ֮ȼ˺ɫĴ𣬻ƺһֻˣȻֽһʹ˻ΪǵĽɫ㣬ȼճ˻ҽ

һת֮ȻѹоѾ̤ʵأŲһɳһ
ǰ˴һ»ʯǰѲԭĺ֮ϣҲ֪˺δ
ʯڣżֱ׵ʿ飬ȴɫУ¶ֲϢ
ʯ֮һɫСңҶ֮ϿС֡
е
е
ɫС֣ȴɶȻһɣϢ
Сֿûʲô⣬Ա֮أʳ֮أд塣ٽϴ˴ֵɫС֣еҪ˵мûʲôҲš
д忪ôãҲеõٻԵû˵д֮Удеĵط
ԣӦǴдܣֻ¾дġ
Ե鲼Ĵ򣬷һһӣΪƫƷĴиͼ
ĴбأȴϿգ
ҺԣÿһˣϣлԵеġǽֽضĳֹպ÷ˣպýˣݻԵ
Ҳ˾͵ſС˴е
ף˵дģôд帱ضΣܲɱ⴦еûһʵֻԽ롣
ֻſǼλףֳֳǹеİʿ֪Ѱ
ǼʿǻȴԲһ衣
ǵô˴ſ񣬺޲룬дһնֻ¾ͻּһδûԵҪɴ˴ˡ
ȻҲһΣѾⲻԸ
˴˴촫оͰǰߣֻһӶԭԼΪðһΣգʲô
ֻǸϲı󶯣Σջ᲻Σѣ׼֮һ
Ŀ˼ſֵܳĸֺԼƲ߰ٸʵڣСʱֺѾһĶԲߣٲԥһ̤ϡ
飡
˲һӰٸ׼ȼһߣʣһߣˣʤȻ
ֻⰵٸǻۣȴȻֲܣһٸʱһߺȻҲͬʱˣȻؼףޱȱأٶȾҲþˡ
и߽װ벽ٶȣ
߸߽װ벽ʿã
һ̣ͷĺ⼱ľ񣬶Ϊŵ״̬
ȫʩչ۷徳ӰٺɵĴ߶˸ѥмٹܣǿܹȥ߰ٸΧվ
Ҫ֪߽װ벽磬䣬˷֮⣬ΪһС˴ڡ
칤ɽλɽ𻷡壬ڷӡѣǸ߽װ벽Ϊ
콣콣ˡԭ棬Ǹ߽װ벽Ϊ
µߴɮ˺ɮʥˣദ磬мλܻ߽װ벽ֻнװ벽еľ׶Ρ
ʣʹЩˣҲ޵磬һһĶڡ
һ£°˴֮һˣ´סֵҶɮҲ͸߽װ벽
˴ţһϣҲ硣
һ˸߽װ벽ֹ֮ʵˣ޵磬Ҳǵλ¡ȨһʱĶڣȴֻŵٸ
е죬𾪡
ңٶȣѰںӰӰټȫ߶ѥٶȣҲһĸ߽װ벽
ʹߵأȻֻ˲ͻᱻ߰ʿɱ
Ƭ̣Ҳеѹ߰ʿٶ˿棬ǿʱԵ
׼һᣬУĹ⻪ضȻȻһȡ
âʢһʽصĽУһһ߰ʿϥ䴦һһԣ
ڴʱһ߰ٸҲ״ŲæⶸȻʢȻһƣȻȫұ߱Ǿ߰ٸһɫâ˲佫Ǿ߰ٸ
ӡʯ
֮ͫڶͫӡͫȫһ̣ľﵽ˼ޣ·ˮһӿˣע˫ۡ
˫֮еԽԽʢԽԽĪԣһ㱡ĻʣȻұǾ߰ٸϳ֣쵽ֹؽڣؽڣϥؽڣǰغ󱳣Ȼ˲СķٶȾȻһ
磡
ٴһһΣâϰ׹ӿɲĽһȫǾ߰ʿѣβһ٣ζٴ죬صȥ
ŽУǿһʽȻЧ


764 μƷ
Сʱ֮ͷɵڵصİٸԾǲɵһļ£ƣĸоӿͷ
Сʱ֮УһʵӵޣѧֵʥԪ֣಻裬뽣֮УټϷӡ֮ͫܣ׼ᣬ߰ٸһһɱ
ˣԼҲ۵ùǺһʮȥߣûʱĿޣѻָ
ҵǣڽͷٸԽ봫еĴˡ
ɲûд⣬ٸֻǵһأ˭֪֮󣬻ûΣһ⣬ҲһּĹˡ
Ҳûͣ˴˴ҽ룬ǲЦ
޵֮ˣУʧͽȡ֮ģǿţ֮ҲֻΪһ
οţҪһЩԵҪȱ˸Ŭ͡
ϥڵأͳظĵҩУĿϢԼһʱ֮ԾѾָĳɣһս֮ŲԥƣƾɳƣʯŻƿ
˲䣬Ͳ΢΢ΪǰһĿռ䡣
ʯ󣬵棬ȴʣ߱žƮڰУһĹâţĴҴܣϷͯ
žɢϢȴľ
Щ֮⣬ϸһڴһǣĻƽ䣬ƽ䶼󣬾СɣװĲ֪ʲô
˫ħͫϸ۲˰ΣûзʲôΣգŻ̤С
һУ͸ܵŨ
ŨҪҺ壬¶ļһӴЩʶ˺ܾõˣͻȻǰһٷʢĲȣʱȲ̻
֮ϴһĴУȫǧëͬһʱſ̰ģܵϵس֮ק
²˹״̬£಻תȫѨ֮УȻ󲻶תµĵֲ֮ǰĵĲ㡣
ƬӣĵȻٴλָһɻ࣬ٶȣֻ²һ죬ĵͽָ۷״̬ʤ
˵󲻼򵥣
Ŀ˸¶⡣
ʳĴнأȻǱѰֻ˵˵صһһֱڴ˵֮һڵӣֻ²꣬ͻԪ֮ʮɾѨʮɾѨ۷壬벽
ϧǣ˵֮еǻ̫ãһֱйԲɵġ
Լ˴һ򿪣ֻҪʧϣȵԼȥûʮϣԻָԭ״̬
⴫ʯԱһϡ챦ջ֮ܣֻϧʳûκܹռУôһʯҲûȡߡ
Ծ̾ϢЩźҲûô̰Ĳ㡣
ʯȻ󣬵վֻǶԻЩʱѾѨھ磬Ѩ۷Ҳֻһ֮ң
ֻҪжΣ˳ͻѨ۷֮󣬾ˮĥ
ŨȣһĴٽЧЧȴǺܴ󣬸Ƿɡ
ԣҲֻ΢̾Ϣһ£ͲɰĿ⣬䵽ʯ߻ƽ֮ϡ
߽߻ƽ䣬ͬССװУһңž·ĻƣЩͷˡ
һ֣žʱзֿ类джϣΪأûκһ˿谭
ҲǣΪͨǰ죬ǰûʲôġ
˸һʱ䲼˫ƣԶȻһֻ֣˲һģ߱ͬʱĿ
˸ȻеΣղûг֣汦гֵģһѽõĻͭǮұ߱гֵģȴǱǮһߵɷ飬˸˿¡
Ǯη£
˲һ󼤶ǰ汦֮ǰ
ʮöӲӣͭɫԲڷǮʷУһöһö룬Ǯ֮ϣߣʣ֮õǮɡ
ֻһҲаϣһö飬پʮöϵǮ
ʣһǳ˵ֻ֣ǮͼֵƣóȥܻĲƸ
Ͼд岢ֻһΣһʮû˻ᣬһʮ꣬κң¾壬ҲӶ࣬ܽȥõıض۵ġ
Ȼû㣬ΪǮڴдУܽ÷ԭֻʣһöò󣬵ʮöȫһˡ
һ֮еǼ˿£ıΪһμƷرų֮һԱʳ֮󣬾һֱ֪٣룬Ȼڴ˴
η£ɳ֮˿귽֯ɣˮ֣ˣֻҪҪ¼ֹܷסһ¾ǼƷҲ
ǣԷӵ׼ıƷǾ˵ˡ
Ȼˣηǿ󣬵ϾܷסȫԷûбסҪ֣׽նɱġ
ˣµãҲʮǿ
ϾƷ˷һƷڸ߲㣬Ҳûм
μƷҪ˵½ﵽһķĿǰ֪ģҲη£֮һ


765 ľؾָ
һ֣Ǿ߻ƽֱ˴УǾ߻ƽгʷŵη£һ֣
ηб˵ɳ֮˿֯ɣȻ١
ɳ֮䣬һʮıϣֻ߿յɽ֮һ¶Ըߣп
ֳµ˿ȴ͵֮һ·һޱȵ£˵ǣ꣬֯һ
£Ҳһ
΢ץץ·ȻųһţУһſԶָԭ״չȥһ·״
η£Сģշ磬ӴߵضСȫסظͺλãȻֱۺͷȴڱΧˣҲΪߴ޾ıͱ
һ죬âʣһâһغâһ¼ţ̵η֮ϡ
Ȼ˾鷢ˡ
ʹâķһȻҲû̴ܴη·ֺؿڲλһССİ׵㡣ʱĹȥ׵ԽԽԽԽʧޣԭɫһֺΧطûʲôͬ
η£
ϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ȼûȫ߶âٵ£ˣֻ䱾ķҲǱѰϾһμƷԷƵĴμƷش󲿷ݵĴμƷ֮ϡ
âڴ˵سԱҿ϶˵ԣƷĹܱη·סֻʵ顣
ڴμƷ˵ǹߵʵʵԶηµ˺üףƷ
ӦĶ̰֮һҲһֱԼǿһ棬ֲη£ʣսȻҲǼΪɹ۵ġ
ԭһܱ˺ǿһĳ˵ѾһԾΪǿ֮һ
ȱȻԥ£ãȻۡ
ηᱡԸЩоĴڡ
һ㱡˿£ȴӵпɲķֺͨײͬһ㶼ӱѿҲӰٶȣ˳ǻȥۣҲһ¡
Ȼϣӵһơ
󣬽Ǿ߿յĻƽҲ봢ſвϷЩš
һ߸㣬ɫͬڰת裬ХԵòֺ
ץһȴ֣Щƫƫܵ÷ɿ죬˵ǱٶȣѾ㹻ˣôһӦΣգǵٶȻᶸʮҲ󼰵Ĵڡ
Ŀһȴ˶ߣʯͷһССʯʯʣһССĿڣ·Ƿʲôĵط
߹ȥŷǸڣԲڷģȻոȡǮ״ࡣ
ԥһ˲ִӴУͳһö˽ȥ
һȥ˲䣬͸оеöžУһöٶ΢½Ȼ󣬵Լʮ֮һģ
״ϲȻЩʹǮʧȥһԵȡʮö˽ȥ
˲䣬һһöžȻ״׼˲һȥһ̣ͽöĹžС
ɢУѾһöɫ˹Ϣʯ
ʯ֮ϣĸССɫ׭֣ͬ
ؾ
ؾ
΢һ㶣򿪣ֻУʱɳУŷ֣һż侫ǿķ֮Ԫ壬
Ȼϣ޵ǿΪûʲôؾǿǿڣսڵԪ䱾ʱ΢ͬ
Ҳ˵ԪһˮˮĳɷݣҲкܶ࣬޷գкĳɷݡ
ؾܽˮȥкĳɷݣֻרĳɷݣҪǣܽƷõɸһ׶ε쾫
ԣһõ˷ؾѨ磬ܽԪֻз˲յ쾫ƷʴӦģսҲ϶ɱ
ΣؾһãԻȥκ
Ҳ˵ϲ壬Ӷʤǿ߻򹦷ؾ˲佫仯ȥһݣԣҲһսĹ
ʣһŶطǴĹսãҲԺӡ
ˣ۾ŴϿУɲ㣬ȻĶˡ
ֻĵһ˼ֵʣأǲһһ
뵽ˣûԥոյֵʮöǮ۳ոõʮöʣµһԵȫʯ֮
죬ǮոʧУȻͬʱһ㶣סһ˲
һ˲ĹΣٴһڿдӰλָٴζöž
һöɫһöɫһöɫ
ž֮ϣֱС֣ϻľģ½գָָ
ؾ½գָϻľ
ǰ߻ĽܷΧ֮ڣõöɫž֮ϱע壬ȴɵûȻһ㣬ˤ
ϻľƷн׹ȱʳΨһеĵƷϹ
ⲿʹʳؿ֮УҲֻһ壬ľģ֪١룬ڴˣȻõʧѾõĵľ
һʱ֣绯֣
ʣϻľľǴĹһ棬ƵĶַ
绯֣˵һС
öž½պָҲͬΣһǿԶ˷ʧĽԽΧһСƬռ䣬÷Բʮ֮ڣΪԼĽأԼе򣬴ѹˣԼ
һţȴһŷǳˣǳǿָ
ָָ֮һָСȻ֮𣬶Ѫ֣һ
Ҳ˵һŲĽָǿȴԶ
ľžһʱɴԭأΪԼΪԼĻԵҲΪöžǿȴͬʱɿϧϧԼǮžȴò
漴һЦջѾ̫̰֮࣬ˣķؾɣԼʵؽһʵķԾ


766 뿪
ʱ䣬Ҳûȥ⴫еУչµõžԼõؼһڻͨƳ³¡
ÿնµãÿնһµء
磬̫䣬ֽתʮȥ
ȴŴ£⴫ееԶҪŨö࣬ȵطֻͱٵöࡣ
ģѾ绯ֺ½طСɣؾָȴһôҲ޷š
ʥԪֺͻɹʱڻͨת䣬ı仯ʵҲһһأÿһ춼нÿһ춼ǽ
ڴ֮ǰһֱԼΪǹǷֶΣԽԽƿɳ£Ϊ
ǣһ˴д֮УḻʵķԾ
ʣȻ̶ʮʱ䣬ԣȴһͻͽʱڣΪûӶ٣ʵȴ˾޴
⣬ȫջֻǶ֮ڵһɾ͡
ջҪؼȫɣڻ֮ͨ󣬲ܻá
ʱԵеֶα仯ؽḻΣܹתӦֶΣҲǿ

ҹҹ
½ңԶϣһΡΡɽҹɫ£ų⡣
¸
ɽ֮Ʋʻһ̵ĴǧŻ֦ǧơ
ÿһƣúϵҹҡҡдŰ˵£
õԸ֮ɽǧ꣬Ȼʱ˿̣֮ϣȴɢϺ֮һ˿һ˿ڰУһͷ״
ͷۣһѪ˫ͫߵԲ£һʱ䣬ƺۣضɫ¹ⶼһѪɫ
Ŀ˸૵¸£Ҫʼˣаɽ뱾գָһˡҵͽǧñʧ
ŻԶһɫ۵Ӱÿһ̤˫գǴ磬˽ǰȻһߵˡ
ǰΣһתȥ
ǵ㣬ҹİһҹˣһҹֹȥˡ
ڰĿռ䣬ͳٲš
ƺֻһͨĹû⣬Ҳûᡣ
ôĴɽֻۣȴʲôòͬˡ

չڴееһȻӦܱȻһȻ󴫳еУһǿĳ뿪ʱѵЩؿһڿе㣬һ̣һ𣬾ͱ˴е
һ̣Ѿ³Ͽգһҽֽƾճ֣ߡ
漴ֽʧ·صд⣬Ǹʯ֮ϣŷˣѾһòˡ
Ŀһɨ
ȺУḡҶаӦѩ飬˾ߣǶɣͫʤѩȣȫڳȻһ˳£ֻ¶á
ÿϵϢòͬˣ죬ǿ
ٳԱһɨʣµˣȴͬˡ
봫дģȥλ֮ˣʮˣԼչǮʳģЩˣһʮһˡ
Ѫģأ껿գǧУĽůϼӣԼʳӡ
Ǵʱ˿̣ʮһ棬վģȻֻˣѪģأǧУĽů
ˣʧ٣֪Ǵûнûüϻء
ںߣΪԶ˻Щȴûֻܻһܡ
Զ˴˴йŴС
ⲻ֪ˣֻ򱯰
޾Ĵۣý봫дʸǱעĿеĽӣĽĶ
ڣȴУΪдһǵʬҲΪĶǺεȵı
ԭˣڳΪ˲ҡ
̿ɣ껿գϾšʿʳĴ֮һĳϼӣҲȫһδд֮Уȴ˲ɿ̾
̫̾࣬ʯ֮ϣâȻһһ̣һͷĿѣĸоٴδֻһڣʱȻѾڴйŴ֮Уǻص֮ϡ
һڳеĿˣվǰƺڴˣȴǵĵ
Ŀ⳯Ⱥһɨȥʱʮˣʱʮˣߵ鲻䣬ƺϣ˳ʮˣ۾ȴһ
ϲǣ˳ɴдضá
˻Ƶٴȴһ˲عʵ֪˴δд֮Уȷˡ
˶һȻʧҲиˣȴϲӶࡣ
Ȼδд֮УǶУջû˷αĻԵ


ڶʮ ޾ҹ


767 аɽ
°˴󶥼֮һųơаԴħ֮ڡаɽ½ϲλ
λãɳ磬֮ɽϿ½Ͻλʥɽ¾֮һ
аɽɽڵأһͨ촣أһھ޷壬䷽Բ֪ǧ
ɽжĶޣأ£ܲͨɽ·ˣֻ¸ոտͻữһ߿ݹǡ
ƽʱ򣬴˵˼һʱ䣬֪ΪΣаɽ£ȴ˴޵֮ˡ
Σȴаɽſʱ̣Ǻһӿ룬ȥ֡
ʣ֣Ǻ䴫µаɽֽ䡱ֻÿһаɽɽ֮ʱŻеʢ
޵磬ʮ궼ԼһΡ
޵Щǿ˵ٶ˾ռߵ飬һЩʵǿģ궼¡
ԣ޵УĳһŸ飬Ƿǳģÿһγ֣ʹһλϵķ䣬Ҳһλµķĵ
ⲻֹڸǸмӰ죬޵磬ǵ𼶵ġ
ǹʣаɽߡǧսаɽȺףҪѡһλµļ̳ˣ¹㷢Ӣ޵֮˹񣬾ȫע𶯡
޵֮ˣаɽɽ֮£ȴ֮аɽֽ䡱ٿ
ߴţӣǰ񣬼֤һʱ̡

Դд֮ûоԷֱ֮Ըǰаɽι۳ֽģԼһ𣬻ƥУȺ飬׷׸аɽ
ЩԸǰаɽģȻɢԲᡣ
аɽֽǼʮѵһʢ£ܼ֤Ҳһ
Դдʮˣȴֻȼ򼱻ţҪ뿪󲿷ˣǻͬУϵ裬ֳ׷׳аɽķȥ
ȻҲ֮һ
Ӧѩ飬ͫʤѩһ˲缲Уʱ䣬Խִ˷ĵ̣ٹգڸϵаɽ¡
ʱ˿̣аɽſʽгֽӣѾûмˡ
аɽ£˴˷޵֮ˣУиаɽĸţ£аڴиһЩϢֵŵӣɢޣ֮ͨˡ
Щ˻аɽ£ȻⲻϢɣ˵ʲôĶС
˲²аɽֽ䣬а᲻ңǧǲ˳ɽ֮λƴȨǻʣ㣬ȵȡ
˵ĵطннĵطзһ·ѾѪͻ
ңһˣҪô󶥼ӣҪôǽһ֮ˣϢΪɲ˿Ƕ̲ɧţһ·ͨ裬ɽ¡
ɽ£ȻаɽӷͨƬ̣һµӹ˽аɽؽ硣
ǶԴŵӲе޷ݣûнӵаӢ֮ˣȴֻɽµСеȴգȴаɽɽſʱ򣬲ܽ룬ǰ
޲ɣҲ˸ҶǲԵͷӦµӳаɽȥ
аɽؽ֮ܵ˲ͬ
ɭš
Īĺ䡣
˼ʶ㣬ǵһ̤ɭ֮ء
аɽؽΧ˼
ȻаɽӣҲΧ֣һȻϣаɽ֮ͨû·ûΪͨҴֻ·һ
һ·ϣ˼ֲޣˮͰֵĽҶߣ÷ڷһСĺЫӣʮ׳Ķ򼡭
аɽֻһֳ֣һöɫƣЩ޼׷ױãҿ
ȻöƣͿҩۣѱЩϤд֮ˣǶҹɷͨ
ȻûöƣҲ׻ɱЩޣϾˣǷˡ
ЩȻ£ʵһᣬҲͻƽ׵̽ңƾ˵ʵֱɽɱǿҲ̽ڣƹֻͫһˣԽɨ
һǾаɽˣаɽаɽʹ˱ˣݲǱҪҲ˲֮£Ȼȫƾаɽӿ·
Խߣ;Խǻߣһ·ĴſֲŰ׶Ϣ
ȻаɽУ֪ι˶ٶޣ£Щɽ深ɣ̷ʵ֪õٱü¡
ѪֲϢƱǶˡ
죬Ӱ
ǼʵˣҶԼᶨֻ֮¿ĻҲɵͷƤ飬зеĿ־塣
ڣǿʵļˣȻЩ⣬ֱ̤ҶУƬ֮ǰɫڲһ䣬һ޷壬ֱƶˣǰ
λ·аɽЦŽ͵λղаɽΧ˷壬аɽɽڡ
µһаڣ
޷壬ʹڣɽڣҲǰµɽûһд˷ΰ׳ֱۣ춼ͱƣ治֪жߡ
аɽɽڵôȻͬΣ
Ҳɵð̾
ɷ㣬ȻԳڵصġǧɽΪʤ۹棬Ȼڵĺ߷ΪԺƴׯϣڵŵһ
Ҫȴֻûһɽаɽȡ
ǰ۵һؽƣɽ𣬱аɽµһ󣬲ƾշֳһ̽룬ӭȴһ޴ĺɫʯ
ʯƴ޾£ԶѪͿĨ֣аɽ
һۿȥ;ˣаȻ
ѪԷͬѰֻҲڼѪųѪǣҲ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ڣ൱෨ǿߣǸǿߡ
Ҳ֪һаɽɱȻǿѪͿĨʯ֮ϣĿĵĴ֡
ֻǾһۣһʬɽѪֱͷĸо˵ԣҲͷ΢΢һݣæתϢ֮ƽ
һۣɿ˶Էеľ
߰ɣ
аɽµԼˣһĻҲγԾһ£Ƕָٴοڵ漴ʽɽ
һΣѾԽ˻ɽƣ;ûʲôΣˣ֮ǰĸֶ޶Ҳ
˵س˵ʯЩɭɭطȻһЩʤ羰ư磬һûаɽħߵɭа
Ҳָֻͨطɽ֮ϣֽʼ֣ԺɫΪżкɫٴγ⼸Ұ˸еһ
аɽڵˣһλλ£һСƬСɽӰаɽʽӣʼ֣Ϣɭ۾ж͸а޶˾з
ˣ紳һֲа


768 
аɽӣݸߵΪͬӵ͵ηֱΪ£££ɫ
аɽ͵Ӽӵķɫ
ΪӣΪ΢߶
ΪмӣΪͶڻԪϣѨ
Ϊ߼ԼһЩڳϡ
翴˽аɽӣԳɫΪ
ⲢΪаɽûɫΪаɽߵģаɽмϵĵӡ
Ǵɫ·ԺܶΪаɽֻгɫһɫ
Ʃ硰ӡѪģ߳һѪɫݺºе֡
ḡʤѩӦѩ飬Щ콾ѪҲһ߶⡣
˽аɽġ̡ȴһаɽͨӣԲмһɫӷΡ
ȻҲ⡣
ƩаɽϯӡƷ桱а䣬ʼնһɫ
ݣ½ɫ´ࡣ
Դӳһ·ȥһɫװȴδı䣬Ҳγһصķ
ݵλҲû˾ʹΪѡ
ԣ˽аɽؽ磬ɫӳȺӵ߹Ҳȡ
ΪȻɫаɽаɽ͵ȵӺ͸ߵȵӼҲɫһࡣ
ٵĿǰΪֹĺɫҲ̺а
ɫӣĿǰΪֹһûг֡

̽˴аɽؽ磬ͽƽرȭˡ
һаɽµӹ˴һŸ󣬰ס£漴˵˼аɽĽ͸˳
ˣһ˷ֵһż䣬Ҳͨˣȴ
аɽֽٿʱ仹м죬⼸УҲ£ɴﰲĵȴ
ô˵أȾ㶼ɽеЩŹ֣еһɽ¥ϢϢ
ǲаɽеΪ쳣֪Ҫʷ
ʱκһС¶ѪͻΪ鷳˶ûгȥй˼
˰ĴŸУչ׼ֱֽĿʼ
ͷˮ֮ŸҲùӵţһӦ¾ȫҲ֮Ȼס£ֵС
ǳô˻ᣬѴйŴѧȴûյؼؾָ͡óо
Ȼ⼸žѧҲûз£ͬоͬ
ʱһζֽٿʱʱһ죬Ÿ֮У䣬͵شӱչѣȻָ͡صһָ
裬һţ
һ̣ʯİľֱӱиһǡ
ľи⻬羵кɢж
Ȼǲ죬ָڳš
ֻҪڼһգָܽɣΪԼһơ
ʱָḻĶֶΣֻҲ
뵽ˣǲֳһ˿Цݡ
տޣڲһá
漴ϵЦֲɵȥ
ʱ䣬ָȻţǱؾȴʵף֪ΪΣôԣԸڵԪȻʲôһֵˡ
ŹȻǱѰֻף¿ʱδֻȻˡ
аɽѾ죬Ÿ֮Ҳչôãľƣֱ֪ˣ
ţƿţ˳ȥ㿴ĶΣǷʲôϢ

ͬʱаɽ
һڴ
ڣһһ۵ߣشһڻ֮ǰ
⹴ǣɫɭĻ棬ճһ׹ӵ״һаɭѲӡȻࡣ
ֻϵϢȴÿ£ԶԶسһа벽ĽޣȻǱѰ
аɽ֮һ̸ܻӥ޾̣߽װ벽磬£ΪаɽƷ֮һа֡
˵֣ĿǰΪֹûܴа֮
ȻҲΪûЩǿߵԭһλԲ˵
ˣҲ˵Ŀ¡
̸аɽִ֮аɽ֮ڣӹκΥаɽ̸̶ĿǰΪֹû˸Υ
̸аɽһʮǿƵƽʱԣһ֮ʱһҪ£Ķ󣬶ض̸޾̡
Ҫǣ䱾ʵҲޱȿ£аɽڣѾȥķǿߡߡǧ޾̵ʵٿǰ
˵һҲδûš
Ϊ̸̫ˣаɽ֮У̸󣬺ڵһ
˿̣ܻӥ޾̣ʯǷڻ񽹾ȴڻϣҲ֪ЩʲôϵϢϲԽԵɭĪ
Ȼһһȫڻ֮еӰ޾̵󣬵ϥأ˫ֹһöɫͼ
޾ƺϣһֱڵˣ״Ȼͷһץͼ򿪿ۣʱҲ̲ס֮飬Ц
ãܺãСӣȻûϷʧ
֮ҵ


769 
󹲷ΪԺʮ֣֮аɽҲΪ
Ϊ̸ƶΪ졢ˡޡ
ֻϵĳƺ϶һ̸ƶԼλ͵һаɽԵλߣ
ʱ£ֻŽҪͷŻһ£Ťת֡
аɽ֯ϵΪҪֻԼλɽ֮¡
ǷֹܾݣµԺȨλ֮࣬Ҳаɽֿȵ
λλһֱ˳֮ΪаɽŴϡ
֮аɽͨһϣ󻤷ǺͳȻ֮ϵ̫ϳϡ
ڴС
а̸һ̷ɣƶƽʽλȨء
̸ܻӥ޾̣аɽǰĶƶŮᣬȻͬаڲɺӵһλڡ
̸аɽɽġ̵ƶаɽɽ۵һ󡱡
һʮһ㣬߲㣬ǸͨǶһʵĵطڰھŲ㣬ǳȡʵڣʮΪ⣬ʮһ㣬ȴ⿪ţƶ˽˾
ҹ
ʱ˿̣ƽʱаɽΪֵƶ󣬴ʱҲǼžеӾ㶼뿪ֵصĸλаɽִ£ϣ׷ʰؼҡ
ﰵػƶ󣬳֮⣬طϨ˵ƻ𣬲һ˿š
㡣
һž޴˯ĻƽΣԵž޴ķ˵
չ죬֮ϣʵغɫƤë̺ŵ˱Ƕ룬˲Խԡ
ƤԲͬΣ˾޴رһ޵ĺɫֱѤ˼㣬ǶѲ³ֻ½ϣѾĶޣ㻢ĻƤ
㻢ʹΪϡ٣ɱһֻһֻƫʵǿ󣬳㻢ٶ෨۷ʵɱס
ܽɹɱëƤģ͸򵥣֮ˣҲǷ۷壬ǰ벽׾ĸˡ
ʣƾʵȻǲԵֻ㻢ģǾֻаɽǰŴֻǱռС
ˣ˱ܱ˽ܺռУͨʹãҲԷӺˡ
ʱ˿̣ÿһëûƽԱȵľ޴㻢֮ϣһЦٻ⣬Ŀ⣬ɫˣһŰߵ˻У·һֻСèһš
ɫ£նׯޣһµķ˳ۣճǻģ˼ֱ˼䣬·
ǼϾͫܵγ޾ˮ
һˣӦϣָƼӢ
ʱ˿̣һλŮӣȴһӵĻУѩ׵Ĵȴӷ˳бֱů㣬ٻţ鲻ԽѪ
ȴƺ֮¡
֪λĺõþˣ޳ͦΣ͹£ž˵ԣ鲻ԽʿˮŮӣƽʱаɽǰׯţ߹޵ƶŮᣬ֪θ롣
˫޳ֱһ𼸺˿϶ĳȣ΢΢䶯ţһֻСɶµ㣬ȴ̤һɫͷ֮ϡ
ͷ˸ǧɫĽ⣬ͬһֻʺߣԵޱȣԲͨߡ
ӣǻƽ֮£̽һֻͷŷ˳Ůӵĳ㣬ֻ˭Ҳ֪һŻƽ֮£Ȼľһɲ
ж΢ϤһЩˣһ޴Ļƽͷ̾ϵóΪ֮еߣɱɣ޳۷ڵһ֮ʽߡ
ʽߣ벽ڣҲ൱еİ벽ǿߡ
һͷߣȻһŮ£ΪһĴڣŮĿ£ǿɼһߡ
λаɽڼλɽԼ̸޾̵Ķڣһͷ벽ڵ߽ȴһλͷߣ˻С
һĻ˾壬޷⣬š
˵ݣָǿʲôزµʲôط
ʲôͣаɽĴͷ֮һƶͶͱ¶˽ı飬ƺξߢ
ʲôˣʵø߽װ벽ġŮᣬԸʳΪӹ
ǰ¶һĨףǸ߸ɽ壬̽һֻȥ
˵Ŀ⣬ȴڻпƾķϣǶһöУƺʲôþûн򿪡


770 
á
ӲڻعУУſ߰˵ľɫŮӣڵû뵽ϹȻǣ衯ϡͳ˴Ϊаɽɽλã±Ǯ
Ǻǡ
ԣеŮӽЦмصʲôϡҲһɽ׷ĸʶѡȻаɽҲ֮һֻΣǧҲ֮豾ͲֻһаɽСûΪɽȴǰȡң֧аɽɽ֮λǿЦ
̾һɣҲܶˡСһɣЩڣţռϡһ䵽Уֻ˲ɿɲӰ죬Żڶġ
ɫŮԣЦһ£û˵
ǰһɿƲ࣬ʵͻƷڴ˶ԾϣãܶһɵͻƳɹʣƷϡ
Ʃ˵һƴգܴչͻƷļʣһλ裬ҪģɺɣԲͬһ
ֵȼĶ˰˴󶥼ţҲռ
ҾǶڰ˴󶥼˵˵ȱҲһһĶרΪսԴֻһμ̳ҪͻƷʱŻõĶ
ǧͻƷλȻģҲΪ˰ͻƷĸƷ֮һ
ڣûгΪɽûͻƷȴýһλ͸ᣬֻΪȡֻ֧֣Ĳԡ
ݴۣȻЩ󣬵ϸһɹջ񵽵ģһλɱȣ
ʱƾаɽٶռĸֶԴ߳ϵļֱͻƷʹʧȥһɣɻҵİա
κ˵ҰͻƷǾԲݺӵĸʣΪˣǰһݸԼĴۣкβɣ

ӿڵϹḷ́ҲȷвСֻû뵽Ͳаɽˣ֧Ĵ㣬ȴǴˮƯˡ
ɫŮԣֳǧֻͣϸķԸϸҪ֧˭֧˭ʲôǧģʲô裬ﶼֵһᡣ
֪ġ
΢΢һЦļʾο
ǧıа˳ϵİգ˳̳аɽŸҷӢֻû뵽Ǳߵˣһֻ±޾˰ɣ

ֳɫ޾һֱѳɽڵȨӴǧҪΪһаɽ谭Ȼһɽ״ӣ״ѱǧĸߣϴһıףסһʱӣѾˡ
谭һ谭̸޾̡
ǧһֱΪаɽڣпаɽһɽλģȥǸɽ״ӣʮִƴȨβ󲻵޾̡
ԣȥȡ޾̵֧֣Ҫĵ˿£ɽڸϣû£޾̣ų⣬ֻؽԼλ
ʱֻҪԼ֮棬һϵˣͬʱ֧ǧļλмĿܣ̳аɽɽ֮λ
ʱ򣬼ʹ޾̷Ҳ޲Ϊȡúǧһ֧֣ǣ˵λϸͬʱ˵ͣǲһ˿ܡ
ӵλϸһε̸ܻ֧ƶȴһվߣ߱Ϊаɽһɽ
ͻȻǼҲޣת֧ǲܵġ
ԡ
Циıʳǧļ̳һаɽκ⡣ֻǡһ˵ĶΪؽ
Ŀ΢ñһ£аɽڣܹʸаɽɽ֮λģֻܹôˣλɽټаɽ״ӡ
ڣ״ȥ֮һ㣬һŮӣʵǿվЩȻҲ߱ɽĻᣬǧĲôĵ£㡣
ˣһǾǣ̸޾̣Լһλһֱʹ磬ҲǼٵĸɽ¡
˵λ£һʲôˣʹҵ鱨ȻҲ֪꣬ϣˣ
£
˻ǾɫŮƶᣬеĳĬηŻͷȻˡ
£һаɽɽĶӣֻǴСಡͨм̳аɽʣԲѡ˷ǧ
£һ鲡֮Ϊаɽɽ֮һֻһֱںɽٳаɽת
һֱȻҶ֪аɽڹɽʵȨɽǧģλ£ʵһֱǱġ
ǧʵҲΪ֪ԷĴڣһΪӣⲻܼ̳УһûпܣԴʶغѵϸΪγֽ䣬һ򲻳Ҳ֣
ҲһλȤĴڰ
ԣǱ֮Ϊϸ硱İӣЦһ£΢ǣηŵڽ֮ǰһнпܡƩ磬ᣬҲ֪ˣΪĿİɣ
ϸ粻Ϊȡѵ
Цһ裬Уȷ󣬵ڱУȴֵһᡣ
ǣ
ɫŮɻʵɫ仹һ˿ڴ
ϸĪΪҶǡ
뵽ˣͷȻԵüȽڴ
Ҫ֧һˣ
һˣ˭
Լˣһʱ䣬ŮӵݺƣæؿڣԼʧ̬æʵ
߳а䣡

û뵽֣˶ΪаѾǧĸߣŵû뵽ʱ˿̣ȴ˵֡
ɫŮҲֻɻ£漴ҲΪʲôֻǡ
ֽϣһȫ֧аλֻǡ
ֻʲô
ӶƺҲѵõģ΢Цʵ
ɫŮԥһ£ջǲòʹ֧֣ƾаһӵҲɽ֮λĪϸаţ
Ͳˡ
˭֪һӣɫһɲ˵ذԵͶϡ
ƫƫɫŮԣȴһٴδǡ
˭Ҳ֪¥йسֽʹ˶¸֮עҪ˵
ǸĴڣĻ
ܻ


771 ˥
аɽԶһСɽɽ
ɽһССĸ¥˼羰
˴аɽɽ֮һµľ
ΪаɽɽʼһֱܾӴ˵أǰ֣аɽκδ£ҲûҼ
ȻҲ˶
ϾΪаɽɽ֮һΣݵλҪ
ǣǧǴԭӦ֮λ˵ԼãȥԷǧ˼ҸӼ𾴣¸㡣
λʱ¹ɽΪµ˽أ˲룬ɽܲһʮֲֿɽκ˸ôɽرǧ˳ɷ顣
ԣɽȻǸаɽļɽ֮һλأûжԶƽʱȴ˼û˸Ҵǧﲼµɽ
ҹ
½ͷһƬİɴ
ɽУС¥УһӣǣüŴ⣬ʲô
ӣһаɽɽĶӣ¡
˳ģһüëͬ£ۡ
һ˫۾ºͶ顣
һҲλߵְԵơ
һͨˣͨͨΪಡϸɢһ˿˿ɫЩҰܡ
ٹգǲӦþͳ˰ɡһ죬κҵľ֮塭ҽһٳƷƿʱ򣬳ֽϡ
ǺǣһȺС󡣡
ӵ˵š
Զȴͬһռ䣬аɽڵķ׷ӣһҲûиŵġ
һˣھУȴ⣬
ÿҹ˲ݵǿȥһʱ䣬Ҿʧܡ
䣬߳¥˳һƫƧСźɽȥ
ԽߣܾԽǻܵĵؽľ񣬲ľ޶˿ݻƣԽݻƵԽ
һƬߣľֻʣһѶʯɫҲܸɿݺĸо
磬ͬһƬĿռ䡣
ռУȴһ국ɫСݣҲûô棬ͻأš
ҲΧľ˱ܣʯ飬ҲһһѸɿݣʲô쳣ֱ
ʯΪƽ˭Ҳ޷˵һʯͷǲڴʱ˵أֳϣȴиܵܵϵЩʯ飬ȫʧȥ꣬ıһһ
˥ݣ׽ĳΪгһգĳˣһܽͻƷǧģ޾̣аʲôȫĳһ֮С
аɽɽ֮λֵ
֮ǰԸҲǲܵ򣬸֮ʱʹĳǿԵɽ֮λû˸飬һȥֻµ¾ҪȨûʵѹƣĳЩС֮֡
һ財֮ȴ˥ݵĳ׳죬ҲҾתһһʱɽʲôֻҪܳɾͷκˣҵĶ֡
ǧҪƾ˵֧־ͳΪɽȴ֪ھԵǰһУ̸
ЦЦ
ǧΪŪƽ⣬ܽĳԶڴ˵ô˵ǱңЦ£Ҫǧı֮һֱΪﰲֲ˥ݣڣʱˣ

תһȦȻϢ
Ʃ籾аɽֽ䣬ڶ˲ٴ
Ʃ칤ɽһλɽɽ֮ɵ֮һΪɽ˴μ徳ʿ޵ǶСȫȨϺţ¥ȵȣҲжǿ֤һʢ䡣
ʳĴǵĵڶǿߣ塱ųơ˾죬սڼ䣬ʳμ֮ս޵ĺպչ֮һ
ڵʱֻλ벽μΧ죬һλǡ˾죬һλɮҶȴֱս
԰벽֮ڵʱֲҵսУɴʵ
󣬳Ӧѩ飬ͫЩμ徳ʿ޲Ÿպøϣǰֵ⣬Ҳɳһλͷ̫ϳϡμӡ
Ҳ֮УΨһֵķǿߡ
μսһսУڷиˣҲ⣬Ѿǧཫɱһλһλ벽䣬ս֮ҿ
ʵǿվֻ½ߡǧȷڵǿ߶սȻҲܴᡣ
⼸ʱ䣬һֱˣ⣬β֪ԭȻǰμаɽĳֽ䣬ɳǶаɽΪӺˡ
Ͼڣټʳɶûзϯġ
׵ĳ֣Ȼаɽʢӭһ㷣Ͼûзһ⣬ǿɲܲģ״Ҫµġ
ֻ֪״˴γɽߣҪǰаɽμӳֽ䣬˳ѡ
ͽܸպþаɽҲһ
֮룬Ǳоġ
ֻһλǿߵĴڣúܶµǣԴˣҲ֪һɽ֮󣬾ʹаɽΪ׼ġӭ󡱣Ӽֻͫһǰȥݼһ¡
ˣаɽ˲ΪһЩҲԸҵҪԴףʾľη
ԴˣȻþܾΪ׾ֻܾöԷи룬̹Ȼ֮˼档
ԴˣȻǸ˵ġ
Ϊ˵칤ɽλʹ֮ое㵣ǣΪλ칤ɽɽǡڷӡѣйɥ֮ġ𻷡塣
칤ɽΪµһڣаɽһҲһλɽֱǵһɽڷӡѣ͵ڶɽ𻷡塣
Ķӣ彣߿ͫУͫðĪյøɸɾ
˳˺ޣκ˶ܽܣƾĻӣ¸ˡ
ֻԼͫȺڣô˷Ѳö֪Ҳڣݵλȹ廹ߣ¶ԷҲ


772 ҹ
ʹδƾʱʵӡ£Ȼδǡ𻷡Ķ֣ӵҲδѡ
𻷡壬Ϊ칤ɽɽ֮һ͡ڷӡͬΪ߽װ벽֮
Ҫ˵ʵ˭ǿһЩʤΪߣʱȴ칤ɽʵս϶ҪԶڹ塣
¼ʹΪ߿£λ칤ɽɽ֮һҲδؼξ£ڡ
߿Ĵڣһ裬ʹ룬ҲԲΣʲôǸҪ̬
ˣһΣϵʱͫδֱ죬ҲҪ뾡취ɱ
ԣӲڵ֮ΪֻҲԸΪ£ʹ˶칤ɽλɽ֮һ
Ͼ˵ʵҪģҪģ󣬻վһµһš
˵Ϊ׵ĹϵѾǽϾ˸ðգ󷽣֮̽أɳƶ޵мĹס
ڣټ칤ɽĬ˴ѾҹΪˡ
ǣϾɱ֮У壬û׷ŹǣԲԸԸǶԷԸԸ֡
֮ǰһֱûлᣬϣţֻҪҵᣬֽ
ֻˮͣʹԸھһŵĸɽϣԷҪвԼ˵Ҳֻƴһսˡ
ӡ
뵽ˣȴֲɵ΢첽صŸȴǽշţ漴ִӴͳһ
һӦ͸ˮֻǴʱ˿̣ˮУ޶˶˵ɫ˿ߣеĴеϸ롣
עĿЩɫ˿ߣÿһɫ˿ߣһɫ˿Խ࣬˵˽Խࡣ
УΪɱ߿ҲΪʹþӡǣ浽ĸ࣬ε
Щ֣ɫһڹ죬֯һȻûз
ҿ϶гһգܲȫ֮ʱ䷢
ʵԴӵɽ£׹ºڻ£ű֮еõӡ壬;ôǲ
ֻǣϹ֮
˵Զ֮ʱ֮ϣһо֤һִ£һ˽̻һ绽꣬һ׵磬һƹֻأһ׹޼䡭һλƿ̷
У̷֮񣬸κΥ򣬶ҪΣ
һҲͰˣ̷֮ͣЩ˸޷в
ǣгһգִµλ´̷֪֮ͥϣ˱һս
ҲǳսԶͥ䣬Ŵȫ䲻̷֮ķӡҲգʧ
ӡλǴ壬ͷǳɲˡ
̱طһʩ̷˭Ҫܵعķ
ǰ֪Ծþӡ䣬Ҳ˽⵽һЩԽԽʹãԼʵ
ǣд֮ʱʱʹصĺҲ˲ˡ
ԣУԡӥϡͱˣŲòʩչӡʩչӡҲ浽Σ֮ʱòΪ
ԣʱȥʩչӡĴһδӣԺܻǻ޷⣬Աʹþӡ
ôһȫȫʱ̣ʱʲôֲĳͷԼҲ
ףһ浽һ죬ľΣյʱ̣ԣܲûǾá
Ȼֹڵƣܿӻһĵԣ浽ԽǲϣϹ塣
ΪϹ壬ƾʵʱ˿̣򲻿ǹĶ֣Ƕþӡ޶;
⣬ȴϣܵġ
ϣֽϣͶԼְɡ˻һ˽ᣬԼ뿪ص֮ϱչһʱ䣬Լͻư벽ҲҲ˼Ķ֡
Լʵе
ĿǰѨڵΪʵսѾһİ벽ʹнװ벽еٮٮߣпܻʤ
߽װ벽ڴУӵǻ۵ĸ߽װ벽ûôսʤ
йŴеſܣȻҲǸ߽װ벽ֻҪûǻۣ뵽취
֣ΪһڸλȨأΪ֮յؼ֮£Ȼ߸߽װ벽Ŀȫͬ
ٶ༸ĿܣҲûһλŵĸÿ¡
ΪٽһѨ۷壬װ벽ƾʵδؾͲ빴ĸ߽װ벽һս
ԣĿǰΪֹʵǵ֮
ڸһõԪҺнװ벽֮ȴһξ룬ôҲ޷ġҪʱ䣬һһĥ
Щ˿ܾУɹһûﵽ۷ĵز
ԣĿǰҪȴﵽѨ۷˵ɡ
ҪﵽѨ۷壬Ҫеڶңпܡ
ʱڽϾʿʱͻƵһ۷ȹͻƵڶζһξ룬Ҫ˵ʱڴﵽڡ
ҪһʱĻۡ
ٸߵľ磬Ҳһһˮĥ޳ɡ
е򣬲պٶôֲıڵŬԼʵΪҪ
ˣٴߵǰϥ£׼ԼȡͻƵڶڣ̤Ѩ۷֮
ֻǣ˼׼ʱȴɵöȻͷһĿһȻһȥλˣҹĳβһ
ĻŵŻ޷ԿţһһڶеӰ߳վǰ
˹ȻеͣϷҹǰѰһ𡣡
㣿
ˣĿǾ㵣Ȼһ˿𾪣ôҲаɽˣѵ˴ʲôıʲɣ
ɫ£¶ĿȻգڴйŴ֮⣬˽Ŵ壬뿪λغˣ˵е֮


773 ࣨϣ
ˣּˡ
ȫһڳ֮е֮ɳƶأЦ⣺㲻汾Ϊζ𣿡
ΪΣ
ʱҲӦ˹֮ʳһϣˣҪĶܣһ˸ûлӴ
ڣȴѵһаɽĳֽ䣬ܾ֮ﲻɣһиȵ鷢ˡ
Ȼ
ʵҲİˣн飬ú̸һ̸
ãǰ
ʱҲָ򶨣ƽһ̴ľξ;ںͬʱһ֮򿪵Ŵʱٴιرա
Ѹٻָ˰
ԼҲһˣƽĺˣǰڿ˵ˣ

˭֪֮һ֣Զϵһײ߶ʱƾպƹȥǰ
һֻȥڲ֮ףֻգۼ䣬װˮĲǾ͡ཹཡ𶯣һɵ׵ˮƺֻбһ㣬ڸ棬ȴֲ磬ֻںһ緶Χ֮ڣʡ
֮ȪˮУûȡԱŸĲҶǷһ֣Լ֮УȡһֻСĽɫժƬҶһƬһֻɲ豭УųˮһݵǰݵľȪƽûжܺȵģ
Ŀ֮ȡɫӹ
ǲһϣ֦ϽĲҶѾˣҲʮƬӣƬƲ࣬ȴѾѵˡ
ӹˮͷһɫĲҶɸ֮Уɢݳһɵ㣬δ
ˮУо֣ףƾ֮ƣȪˡ
лǰ
ҲҪֱӳƾͿԽˣط˼ԽӹһڣʱеƱ㣬⴫һ΢ɬȴζ˼һ³У԰Ρ
ǣ֮ãԼڣһԭҪһʱͻƵڶڣǹ£Ȼӿ˲ٶȡ
ҲĲˮΪٶȽӿϣﵽΣڣʲôˡ
ֻҲף϶򵥣ȻҲ䲻ϡȪ
ûж룬ܵôһؿڸ㲻ҲֱһʣµĲˮȫ£ƬɫҶڣҲû˷ѡ
һȻţĵͬʱҲܷŴʮ౶֮жʱһֱ͸θ͸֫о¶˲١
Ȼϡ衣
֪ѵãҲںεأǰֱϥĿϢת
һԵ֮ȴ֣з¶һ˿֮ɫ
ҲżôƽԱߣһһڵеĲˮһ߾صȴ
ȥСʱȻĿðһɫ˻Ȼ۾еʣƺҲȻ˼֡
֮ȺΧʱվ泯֮ʩһлǰ
ֻΪ֮ĺһݼˣ¡ء
֮һЦȴҲûƴǣȻҲΪƬҶֵһ
ղŰʱףղһƬҶж
ԭﵽһ۷廹ûжõȻڸղϢسǰһؾ磬Ѳһ֮ң
Ҳ˵һɫˮͻһС㾳硣
ȻһС㾳粢󣬵ʲôǿǵƷõƷһˮͻһСؾ磬ɫ裬жϡУ󣬲Զ
ԭҪ²ͻƵڶڣҿ϶ֻҪԼٴһ£ͻƵھˮɡ
ʱ䣬ڣԼһܴƿͻƶڣ֮νġ񡱣⣬ȴò˵쳣һǼᡣ
ҲףԷ϶ҪȻܴʱаɽϣҹԼһֻһܣ
Ȼ뵽ڽ֮ʱһһλǿߣں֮䶨µԼˡ
ں׼һ֮˽⵽һЩ¼ҵԼռ帲࣬ںԼ˭ܲ塰պõȥԼݣסĵط硣
ķʽҲˣǾǣÿ죬ҩ̣һɢ۸ǣһɫͷ
Ĵɢ棬ѼϢ׵ĺɫͷ֮УȻҲںѰϢ
ֻǣΪϾʿ޵飬ܿ뿪˽£Ҳͽư֣Ӵ졣
ֻһֱûʲôϢҲΪ¿û˿Ҳ¡
ڣ֮ͻȻֻһܣаɽϣĳشıʣʣǡɱһ̽ʹϱȥ
֮ҵԼҪֻʣԼһһֱ׷ѰǸйأ¼ңصλħպã
ûںΪ¼֮Уֹһλһλħ¼ǿߣʮǰѾʧٵߺ֮ףպãҲ󣬺պһλǿߡ
պãʮǰһô緢֣֣·һŽ⣬󣬸ǹâɡ
ɾһˣȴΪħȵİλħ֮һϢȻΪ𾪣ҲӰ쵽ʳȶںײҪ¼ңҲҪѯ¼ռܡ
ΪֻҪЩܣҲȷõݣԼʧٵʮ꣬ȥ
ȥ
ʮ꣬Щʲô
ΪһҵĲţ죬ҫۣԭܴ¼ҷΪλ۷֮ʱ̤ʲôħ֯ħȡһǵİλħ֮һ
ʲôô
¼Уְʲôɫ
¼ҶУֻãỶˣ
Ѿõݣʱ˿̣ҲѾаɽҪ߸аɽĴУõһر
֮һڣв͵һһɺԼ׵𣬼ơ
ʲôҲаɽĿģȻҪ߸аɽĴУ
ΪʲôҪôôֻʲô
Ȼ֪뵽´ʱֱֵʣɮʥ˵ƣħȵħʹ֣Ϊ˰ҳ顣
ѵ
뵽Ȼһ


774 ࣨ£
ļαʣ֣ħȣƺһͨħ֯ڽһʮֿµļƻ
ƻпǣ浽½
ʼڣʥܾˣΪԵʮֹ죬ϴڣʥзֵǾ䣬ڣʥˣͼıģڱŪ׺ٵĲٿ֮
ţ֮䡣
ǺɮʥߵƣλݹħΪĿģŪ֮⣬Ҫһ㣬ƺҲȡֵİҳ֮Ʒߣ顣
ڣֵаɽ
£аɽ޵磬һһĶš
ţʹ棬Ҳǰеģ¡
û£벻аɽңʲô
ڣ֪ÿܾħȵİ˴ħ֮һΪĿģǵ߸аɽôͲò뵽ЩħȵĳԱΪ
˵ڣʥֻܾħȣ΢Сӣɮʥ۵ƣݹħԾħȵм֮һ
ڣֶһպã½Ĵڡ
һˣƽ޹Ϊ˵߸аɽ߸аɽϾӰ̫ôʲôǲòأ
ǾֻһĿģĿľ޷ɡ
аɽпǿӣȴ޷ƾֶͨõģҲֻǵڱƷߣаˣ
аȣ˵ǲԵ֮ħϵǣڤ꣬ƶɵĴ汦
ķŪ׺٣µĶ飬Ҫ߳һƷףҲһЩ
ҪƿаȣͱǵĶ䷨ʹõаȣҲԲᱻĵˣԺ͹
ԣҪȫݵĵõаȣһЩ飬õаɽĴ䷨ʮҪ顣
⴫䷨ӡÿһļλаŽ֮УֻеõаŽſƾӡǣ򿪷ӡòаȵĴ䷨
ǣɻˡ
֪аŽУӡаɽĿطʹõ䷨ãΪаɽڱаȣͲаɽڰ
Ǳаȣߴŵ߼һѹʳص׵ħ
õаȣܽʳʹصײпܣ򣬹ƾһ䷨кã
ǣǵĿĸͲڴˡ
뵽ڣʥѳĿ䣬ȻãԷҪģҲаɽڱǣЩڱ䷨
䷨Ǿƾ˿䷨ЩڱһЩ벻顣
ֻһŵ䣬Ҳ²ʲô
£аɽ£Ȼ룬Է᲻ҪͬʱѼ˴ŵп䷨Ȼ䣬ⱦӳ֮󣬴Ӷһʲô춯صĴأ
ⱦ󣬺ʣֻһܣǾǣųħ棡
һˣѹħģֹǰ˴ıʳĻʹ
ΪʹһͱԷʹڱǣҲûҡʹѹȡʥʵ飬пܴ򿪷ӡڡ
ûӵаڵĿرطкãԷֲƾղ˼н⿪ӡ
һֱѹټʥҹڴ֮˭Ŀӡأ
ʥҲôɵ˻ʹ֮Уӡ
κһӽֻܲϾʥʣҲһλңһλǿߡ
ֻǣɻɻ󣬵ǣĲУȴԽԽǿҡ
Ȼ֪ԼĲ²⣬Բ˵ȴоֹܲһһŵС£漰½˴󶥼ţʳҲ⡣
ԣĿ⿴֮
ҲԼܽʣԼҳ𰸡
Ȼ֮ûʧ
˵ĻΪ𾪣еһĵĿ־塣
ԴӴһĴڿʼʵѾǰһ𡣲¸㣬ѵΪһдĿҪõĳ𣿡
֮ԳΪѰ㣬鿴һǷʸǺѣ
ԭˡ
֮ԣŲɻȻ
ʱ֣дȻʳ߽أһ忴ܲ٣֮ҲʱסǣԷһ
ʮӣ봫д壬ȴ֮һһʹܰ쵽
Ǻεºܣ֮أ
Ҫ֪ƽʥʣ֮һ涼ǳ֮ѣϾһһʳ֮
ֻ֮𱣻ʳʥʣȴǿټ֮Լ뿪ʹ
ҲˣȻʳͷƽʱȴлһ档
ڣһλ˵ӣ봫йŴ壬ûκѶȣ֮ȴƾճ֣ȻĿġ⣬ˣ֮ԵֻΪȼԼһѡ
ڿԼѾﵽҪȻڽҹԼУԼ̸
֮˵ƾʵЩ»֪ʱ򡣲ڴ˿һλڴˣҪİæԣҵ㡣һǽһЩʣҲΪ֮ԼдһĽ֡ҲΪһǹڵ̫ϳϣסΪҾ֣ܽƾһڴ˵صԱҲ޷֤ȫɹģ̫ϳϡ׵İæ¾ʮþȣκˡ
ԭˣǰҹѰĳΪĳΪĳǰǰֻһΪǰֱԼѰǰһأ
֮ԣһЦ
һ֪СֵԵݣͽܣŽԵҲΪֱڸԺпĲڲ£һֵ֣ܲıˣݾߡ˴ǣߴţΪ㣬ҲΪءҲͱϾƾݣֱӿӭ󣬵СֵܱӣλͫһҪݼһ»ȴײС¡
˵һ£΢ЦҪҲǣСֵܱʹӦһĺΣܽеؽĵزСæСֵһܾġ
ԣɳĬ
֮һƶؿҲߴ١
ȻûƬ̣ɫ̧ͷһ֣صصãԸΪǰ̫ϳϡ
֪¹ش󣬲ʧ¹½İȫ
һССѨûа취а̫࣬ǣæһ£ȴܾܾ֮ͣҲþܾ
ãǱ֪Ǿ˵ˣҹʱȻǱӭ󣬶ŵǸʱСֵѾ֪سϣûе⣬Բˣ
䣬Ӱһ뿪֮ΣѾȻȻѾȥ


775 
֮ߺԭأþû
ҹ֮ĵĴ
ǰһֱΪ½ССȴѢ֣֮ϣάָƽһɷǧֻ֮ɻˡ
ȴʵû뵽ԭʢıôһĶңӡ
Ҳһ쫷磬ɨ½еĴڡ
ڤԨУǮ֣ӡƿʧԣţڣʥħ֮֯ˣط
徳ʿϣַ´䣬ǧħ٣ٿ´סֵػӡʧ
ڣֵµһаڣаɽ
һ˭أ
ҲڣҲħȵ룬֮Իûбֻʱδѡ
ʱһֻڣʳһҲ㲻
½Ķңڵ
һεĶңڶ⣬Զս޵Ӱ죬Ҫǿ󣬻Ҫµöࡣ
ΪһãҲ㸲֮
뵽꣬ս䣬ֵħȵħıгģһʱ
뵽ʱԼǰڤԨԭΪֻһͨȴû뵽ͻȻаħ֣Ϸӡƿʧȴ¡
Уַһϵֹıʣ뵽񣬱Ϊ֮İ˴ţһһ⣬Ͳò硣
Ҳͬʱף֮ҹΪʲô
Ǳߣƽע̫ߣһһʱڶš
ƾ֮ʵǱڵӭȻѣ֮֮ˣȴסеġס
Ͼ׿ɲͨˣһλʵʵķǿߡ
ƾһ쳣Ϊ֮е⣬ֹǾͲˡ
ֱӽɱҲˡ
ܽΣֻҪһս֮Ĵա
Ϊһս֮Լݣжʱ밵֣ϼˣԷһ鷳ʹʤҲἱ˥
ԣ֮Լ
һһССӣƽע٣Ǳ룬Ȼ򵥡
Ҳ֮䣬һݽڣȻΪڽ󣬾һںҹԼǡϾ˽ӣϣ˫׽һ֡
ټϵ㣬ҲҪһ㣬ǱǣպûӣԹĽӭס
ֻҪײ֣֮ȻϢǱС
һһмƻʵ֡
뵽ˣɺȻվ֪£֣Ǳòˡ
ԭҲܼ򵥣һΪ±ϢϢأ˵ںѲռ֮£Ϊֶ˷ָ
ֻ˵ħȵĳԱ½ӰҲ̫
Ҫǣ֮УˣԼʦ֮Ĺϵ
ǰ󣬻廹ǵһ壬λϣһĸ
ʦãȻһĶŮ
þ
ʮǰҡӳ¶Ů֮Ѳ丸׸λߣձʱ콣ߣȥλ
һ䣬㣬Ϊ߷֮ĩ콣𣬳Ϊ߷֮ס
Ҳܷλɳģû󣬴ֻ֪콣浤ٻ壬屻
ҲܶɱҶŮȻӰ̫
ҪǣȥʱһȺ֧ҵĴڣΪ˱סãЭ
λɱӤãȻŭЩҵĻᷴѣ֧ҲẮģԱؽӰ쵽֮λ
ԣҲĬӻ塣
λϸΪ࣬˱ӦûͻȻȥûüã
εΪѩѣǳ콣壬ȴҲ޳ԹԸܰãҲ֮֮ɳ
ǣ콣帲֮ǰݳԹȴôҲ޷Ĩȥ
У֣һһɡ
û˻ȥãҲûˣҼ壬䷢չв콣ͳλ
һʱȥɳҲ֪£Ҳͽܡ
ʮʱԸһȴټͷ
ʱǸͨ塱ֻ֮˲֪˲ʹ½ʱļ󶥼
Уͨ塱ã͡һʱ֮콾Ϊ̳ѡ
ֻǣǰ£ôýµ
ټѩѼλûж꣬ᣬҲû¡
ͨ塱õʱ֮ʱżн󣬾˵ʱͬո𣬻ûгΪպõĽ¼һġ
̶ʱ䣬Я£޵磬Ϊµ£þ
ûã徳ʿϣ£Ϊߺ֮ףãʱȴûвμ徳ʿޣֻĬĬߡ
ãڳΪպ֮ûãȻͻȻʧʧˡ
ʦãĻ䣬ԭԸصǸһţȴͻȻص壬ʹ
µġͨ塱ãʹ伣Ϊһδ˵
ߺ֮½֪ԽԽʢ
ûвμ徳ʿޣٲμʲôսڡպʧ٣ͻصӵãΪ֪ȥ
Ҳǵһ֪Լʦš


776 ᣨϣ
ԭˣ
ԭм仹ô飡
֮ˣм仹ô顣
ΪʲôԼʱ˶ڻص̬ȣȾ𾴣λȻȴų⣬Ը
ԭȻһ壬ֻǺ䣬ʱ콣Ѫƶҡ׻񣬳һӳѲ֮ʱȡ֮λ
ǿʢһʱĻһҲʹį˾е㣬ֻһŮ
콣ȨΪ֮ף˶ڻĺˣȻҿһԶ
ԼʦãʮȻôټͷ
Եʱããڽͬĳɫ߿츳Ůɫˣͬѩϻۡ
Ҳǲ¡
ȻԼûв´Լʦ֮УҵǱ¡ֹŽǵպûûгʱ彣͸ãΪ֮
ֻǺþʧÿѰҲãѻص󣬴Ӵ˱Ų嶼£ΪһĴڡ
ԣΪͽһӣǿʢ״
һɻ󾡽⡣
ʦ뷿֮еֹŽΪǰѻģΪγΪбһǿʢ
ͬʱֲˣԼʦãԼöáơ
ʱǿ鿴ͨƣȴܶ˾⣬еİ׷Ϊ˾ȹƹ̸ĴȨ棬ҲΪȻɫ
ȷԼӵְλҺƵ֣Ϊ
ʱ⣬һ߷֮ĩĻ壬һöΪλȻ׷ϾȣִȨ̸Ȩɫڣˡ
ʦãöɫƣ֮ĸҡӳ񣬵ʱġơ
֮ĸѲ֮ϣҲ䵽õУֽ
öƣȻûǺŵãϾλȻ̫
ϣԼ̵Ȩ棬ŻȾ𺶣Ӵ˶̬ȽȻͬ
ϾȻڻû䣬öƵ壬ȴԲͬ
ˣ˻λͣȴ⣬֮Ѫƶҡ׻ֲնɱһӳĺˡ
ԻȻû䣬ȴҲ˸衣
ϾУ˲ҿȴҲ̫Ϊ˭Ҳ֪ôġ
壬ǵҲˣһ뷨ǺͲˡ
ϧǣʹʦҲ֪ʶõʱ򣬶ԷʵѾһˣλˣѾ¡
õλˣǱһ塰ռ塱峤չŮ
λռٹ˳ơǵʱռչ۵ĶŮ飬Сýιˣ˾֪㵹˶ٺܡ
۸߼ߣϱЩӢţһԵλҹ£˵ʱδġպãΪӢһģٯٯ֮ʱ͸¶˼һ׼׷չϢ
Ӵˣ麣䡣
Ϊ˵õ׼պü⻶ãǼڵչȣ˵ҪƸȢ顣
ֻռѸ˽룬ΪƽϢ丸֮ŭҹþ췹ܴһСȥһѾע޿ɸģ丸ת⣬á
ֻҹ²֪ôΪȢΪ˶ȡռ׼׷չԻĵȴڴСһһعȣڡ
ڵСһУýȥҹ±£ڼǧѰȴڽ󣬿ԽܣʹһĻ
ԼİˣλһľӣպãһλһŮվһôƥ䣬ǰԼԲλࡣ
λһİŮӣǱˣǺʶõ֮ʦͨ塱á
ϧǣʦã֪õĿһģҲȵҹܻվָ֤ȴԷҧһڣ˵ʶ֪ļ˭Ұ֣Լ
ȻΪ棬ϾһֱֵľǷ棬֮Ĵڣֲ֪֮ҹµĴڣһʱȻɻ󣬵ȴѡá
ϧû뵽ǣҹ£ַ˵ֻΪǰ˴֮һ˵ݲŸһΪ˱ٻ
ָ췢ģĵԾΪҹ¡
ҹõ
ǣҹҪԷýȡΪøӤиʽʱԷȴٰƴǣҹڻɣҲ¶Ŀ
ҹֽŽþ̣佫Ǽڵչȣı׷չ
׷չΪռռԸ¶ɥĲ񣬾ŻչȣŰɱռϰڡ
ҹ½ܵӳȴ׷ϣлҹĿұ䣬Ȼӡ
գҹ±ɥĲ£ͬԼŮһ
գҹڸĹȹȵձѩãϴ±ڣʥµŽ˴һμ硣
λصϸռҴߣҹ¡
ѯʹ˵֣ûи֮ʱһ˫ŮѰˣҽ±ѩ˵ĳ֮ա
ѩձãŸգӸգѰõӰҪΪĸ
ֻǣҲ֪ԼҪѰҵˣȻԼס
һ棬ʦͨ塱ãһֱ֪Щ飬ֱôħʧ٣Ҳͻص
ཻʱ䲢ֻǷչ֮


777 ᣨ£
ϾòһŮӣԸȽϴͳ
ȻڵʱսһĿ¼Ҵӣպãֻд֮ʱʽ֮
ΪȻǿûֶΣҹ±Ѱ
һ⣬ļƻ޼գΪռ£ã˷ֱֿʧ٣˭Ҳ֪ȥཻʱ䣬ܹż¡
ϾҹУºò뿪ҹѰ֮ʱձѩûֱҹ±֮󣬲ſʼ
м䣬ûصÿʼܹ£Ȼģһлûзչһز
ҹûѰһнȴͬ
ǣʵǣΪռ׷չ˼ֵãЯҹ·չȣռţֽԼŮҹ£Ѫȡ
ǿ֮סҹµҲȴ̼̳ԼһŮѾԼ׵ĺڰ˫֮¡
ǣˣɵɱҲĺ
չȵĴȼҹռңϰڣ˵Ҵͱץסǵչۣһ⡣
֮£ףһ˲֮䣬ܶǰͷţ⿪֪滹ô顣
󣬻壬ң¼ңռңħȣħãǧģֽ䣬аȣ֮ףͫа䣬塭
һ֣ԺйһγһͼѾףԼʲôˡ

죬һֱƽ˾ȥһӵӭûʲô·ˡ
һ죬ա
֮ʱаɽ׼õĳֽ䣬ʽ
ɽŴ֮ǰź̺һֱ쵽ɽ£Ӹ߿¿ͷ·һдֱӽаɽϲ켪˲١
󿪣֮ǰһֱɽĸڹ֮ˣ׷롣
аɽһ˲˰ٱֹ
ɽ֮ǰȴһӶɫаɽӷεˣάûһݵλϲȥ
ڶߣֻΧڴ⣬ңңۿĵʢ䡣
ȻͫӦѩЩڵĶӣڴС
ʱаɽɽһʮԲͿ̨ΪģǰںʳĴ
ͫӦѩˣȻվڡλһλãǷǳǰλˣΪ֮Уһ칤ɽڵһλá
ҲΪλǰǰڿ϶ĩλλá
Ȼǿʢ칤ɽҲһֱǰڵһ̨мλãΪ˱ʾʳ𾴺ӵмλãһøʳǰĴԱ˾죬Ҳʳ塣
һϮɫۣŽɫƣϴһߣݣԼɼһѪɷ֮ϲסɢ˸еأѹ֡
˾죬ʳڶʥʵĵһ֣ƹʳĺڰ֯˾
κιԱҷ£ֻҪ䵽ϣԹƽƣ˾֮ƺ
þλѪ飬Щ֮ˣֺ£ԲŲ˸ĳƺš
һΣ׵ܵܣһλү˾ǲȥץԷܲţŹҧˣ˾һŭ֮£ֳ֣Ŷ룬ڼն̨ϣ׿ܵʮ״ӵն
һĻʳԱģԴʳ̰֮˾ųɣһУλʳ˾˾Ĺ͡
װ벽Ҳȷʸ˵ľηĤݡ
һλãǿߣһϮۣеɣϢƽһɽܿɽӴء
ɫǱĿ񣬵˭Ҳ޷Ĵڡ
Ϊǽ죬İڼʳУΨһķǿߡ
ͫӦѩӣȻվγһСС˸ڿ
ƣԼܱɨӹĿ⣬עмġ˾춼ࡣ
һλãͬλȨأΪ칤ɽɽ֮һ𻷡塣
һЩ޵ӣɫۣɫ࣬˫ֲϰһԽ𻷡
ǶԽ𻷱ĳ䶥֮һƷ𻷡칤ɽպĶ֮һ
ʹ칤ɽȶڣǧϻۣƷҲûжټ
Ϊ칤ɽɽ֮һӵһƷȴʵڲǶô¡
ֻǼʹڼƷУǶ𻷣ҲǷλнףԶͨ½׼Ʒ
˲ãͫˣȴǸо̫ʦеĹ壬ʱ̧ͷ˴Ī⣬˲΢
Ļǻվ㲻ǳϲԣǰзĳڣֻ´ʱѾ˳ˡ
Ҳ΢΢ġ
Ժ֪ʱǰȫġ
ͫõġǷǿ׵Ψһͽ岻ҶԸԼֻ¾ˡ
γֽԼҪСһ㣬һˣܱܿԷ׼ᣬְɱ
²ЩʱĿ⣬⼸ŵĴλ֮ȥ
λ֮ϣһߣһģĹŽ˿˿磬һʮֲ
ϳˣǴ˴γڵĴ
ڷΪɣɣڳڴʮ֮ãڳеҪȻܲϤ
ߣǳڽ֮һڶСĽĽ˵֮䣬ɽһʣնɱħǺպһλǿߡ
ҶλһӣһĳϣСϡҲһλ߽װ벽ǿߡ
Ϊ´Ƕɡ
Ȼ󱲣˴Ǵǰû顣
ΪŴһˡ
ģΪ¥һߡ
˶ڵĳ֮һλߣڴʱ˿̣Ȼں󣬷ߣע⡣
ע⵽̨֮󣬲Զһͬľ޴ʯ̨ʯ̨֮ϣżаɽҪ


778 ֽ
⼸ҪмģΪϢˡ
һˣȫڣһüëȴѩףͬһ㣬Ϣƴɭҳţ˫֮ϴһס
Ŀӥһɲŭʡ
˲Ǳˣаɽλɽ֮һźǧģҲǴ˴аֽķˡ
⣬ֽʽᣬΪаɽʮɽӶõаɽƽ̷аŽ
аɽԴһٳƷ֮Ϊ޵һλǿߡ
ǧҲ࣬һЩİ
λİòοȴһʮֶصʣ˲ɳԡ
۾ºͶ飬һλͨˡ
ɫĳ£ɸɾʵҲʮͨʲô֮ϣȴá
Ϊಡɢ˿˿ɫЩҰܣͫҲԻɫ
ⲢʱиŮӣȥ·һʯ
аɽǧֻһֱӲаɽһλɽҲһаɽɽĶӣ¡
ֻĳֻ֣һ׺һ
Ȼмλ֮һаɽ֮УӵԲ࣬ˣۼ
ˣһһۣ⹴ǣɭ棬ճ׹ӣϢɭѲ⣬Ǳˣаɽ֮һ̸ܻӥ޾̡
磬߽װ벽
վˣ졢Ӧаɽ֮Լ
һˣһϮɫ˳ۣβס縡һһ޲飬ʾȻ
ֻ£ׯȴ˵ǲţаɽǸǰĵӣĿ⣬ʱϣ᲻뿪
һ̲ס˼ۡ
ϣʲôȣһ˳Եȥ԰Ρ
аɽ֮ƶŮᣬͬĸ߽װ벽ֻΪѷܻӥ޾һ
վˣϢͬͬӴ
ˣԣĵ˵͵
һλ޵ûг֣֪ںη
Ÿˣûгֵİ޵ԾаɽУĿǰڵǿϵһɽǧģǸ߽װ벽硣
Ϊ͡
ڶɽ£нװ벽۷壬ҲǿļˣǸ߽װ벽Ʃվ޾Ǹ߽װ벽ڡ
ûгֵλ޵Ǹ߽װ벽ڡ
ˣ֮Уǿλλɽ֮£λȨصĴڡ
аɽ߲㼸ȫ룬ʱҲߵѡļʱ̡
ڴʱԶΣһˣվڽ£оΣɱ
̨֮ϣаɽ߲㣬޾̺ͷᣬλɽǧĺ£಻ͬʱվˣصͷ
ǣ
˾ȣ˷Ӧн֮ˣӦаɽһĵ޵룬˫нηֻ½ˣӦаɽ֮ˡ
аɽ󻤷ǴλаɽɽԼԶΡ
аɽڵһΪһаɽɽԸλս󻤷ȱһֻʣλֱһεԼƶ
Ȼηܿƽ̨֮£Ȼδ򿪣뷢Էߣͬʱ߳һһŮ
ߣ׷ͯüüۼƺԶЦ⣬Ȼаɽһ̸Цᡱľꡣ
ϸһιȣƣһϮѣûжЦݣȴ˲Һӡ
һεƶš಻͡ЦᡱľһаɽУĿǰΪֹǿλսǸ߽װ벽۷֮
ֻһܴﵽװ벽
ǵʵ֮ڵλɽԼ֮ҪǿһȻλǶǹ
ΪףȻѲ£аɽֽʢ£϶Ҫǵģһǹ񣬶Ҳһ塣
Ϊаɽɽ˼Ĺ֮ˡ
ǣΨһķס
ҲҪһǣȻ󻤷Ѳ£˭ȡ˵֧֣Ǽаɽɽ֮λ
ǡźǧģǡ£ֻɽ֮λûʲô뷨̸޾̣ƶᣬҲòͬʱʩ񣬲ҵ
Ϊ˵̫ǿˡ
ҪǣȨλ̸޾̣Լƶᣬֱһģͬڰʦȱ׽һЩ
߲ȫףԭղŲİ޵Ƿλɽ֮ǰȥλǰˡ
еµӰŻƽ̫ʦΣԲ̨ǰ˵ʲõȥλλɽ֮ǰûκ顣
ֽ䣬ҲҪʽٿ
һӶӵаɽµӣųƣվԲο̨·ճνָ죬һȻ
аħһȻУڶ
¶棬䣬Ĵ


779 аħ
аħλҲƽʱаɽڸ߲µĵط
ֻԴаɽߡǧսѾãһȴͬǧҪλаɽʮɽȻãԲ˳ᱻ˳Ц
յļаħһɨȥţŵƽʣ̣Եøϲ죬ΪӵĲͬ
ͨ죬˶ȫˣλʽʼ
һǼ档
̨֮ϣаɽλɽźǧģ·׷վǰһ޶ǰ
аɽڳϣӣȫվ𣬸ųС
ɵһɽźǧֳһɫĲᣬغϣĪ֪ɽɽΡΡӿ򴨡аɽʮսغաһ޾ڲһգǧڴϼ죬񡭡ԸһаΡ
ԸΪټҴڡͽ֤ͬǧţа
ǧ֣СʱУ˲һ˿Ϊʥʱ̣κ˲Ҵţƻаɽļλ䣬ǻµġ
аɽӣҲһϢֱǧ꣬һͬݣһƣ
ǧľͽнɫĲ¾뵽޶С
޶һ棬ת˲ͻΪһʧ֣иֶһһϸ죬ʧڰв
ǡ족ҲǸʱĵһʵ곣̸Ķû⡣
ȼһ²죬׷һͣǵΰ󹦼Լ̬˵αţ󡭡ǱδͼףԸ
ʵͨĻڣǣκ˽λȴֱԺܶû˯ȴҲҴš
ֻ֮󣬾ġ䡱ˡ
ν䣬˽аɽλġаħһڣһֽƽ̷ɱ䡣
ڣԪϣƩаɽڣֻСЦᡱľ͡š಻ʸ񣬸ǧľн䡣
ֻҪʽӹƽ̷ڱ䣬ٴۣӡʽ̳һаɽɽκ顣
ǴϯȺۣʾͬϲ
ЩźңҲҪʾף
ʱǧľͿݳڵĸɽˡ
ǣ֮ǰһΪҪҲΪŵĻڡ
Ǿǣ֮ǰһʵĻڡ
νʣָûʸ̳֮λԼ˶ָս
û⣬Ľ߸
ڣȴ׳⣬ҲǸһȨģͻʱ̡
Ϊһʣִãѯ̳ڼ䣬ΪΣƷΣΣûʧңʧТʧʣʧ塭ȵȵĵط
УͺѼ̳֮λ
Ȼû˷λʹλ̳Щ⣬һҲ»СС»ޣʻڣҲֻ߸
˷ԣ˶֮λ뷨һڣǱѻڡ
Ϊһڣװѱ˒ȥ
Ȼǿ̳ˣҲҪгеԷŭ׼һãܾǱȫս
ʱͻ̳ݣҲͲһˡ
ǵһû⣬ڶʣţȺۣû⣬ûζȣû
һʣǶԷȫ濪սûȥκϾһڣĹ
һԼгͻҲڵһ֮䱬ڶʣ٣ǳ١
Ϊܸκһŵļλ⣬Ǵ£κҸ棬ǲݡ
ֲֻȱڣΪں󣬾ʾǵͬ⣬˹ģһףζС
ʣڲĻڡ
ѯʵǣɴ˼λڣǷ˲֮֮λ
һڣû̳ܽһڣױͻʱ̣ΪֻҪбҲ뵱һڣҲõĻᡣ
ֻҪ˱̬ͬ⣬λ˲ۣۣǻᡣ
ȻҲкܶˣƽЩۣλȥҲˣһ֮ϣΪԷصǿ
Էֱ֧ɾûкֵ֧ܶλˣֻλͣʵͣΪѡ
ԺʣʻڣǧļλаɽʱпֱܳĵطĿǰһ糣ûʲô˱̬ķԡ
Ȼû˷ԣʤڣһвǼѡ
ã˴ǧľֽٰ䣬ûеɡ
֪Ȼ֪պöаɽټϻһ֪᲻ֵġƷ桱а䣬λ䣬ô˳ǹ¡
żϣɡźǧģΪףаɽ߲㣬룬뵽аħ֮С
ʻڣڼаħʦħ¾С
һڣܽڵĹԱ㼱ˣаɽֻ˸Լʳ
Ҳǲ˭һţֻܽУ嵽˭аɽܣơ
һЩССң׷ױų⣬ֻȴ
Ͼ⼫аħϹŽܲܿռޡ
ڶа߲㣬ټϰںʳĹԱѾǳ֮࣬˰ڸ߲㣬һЩǿߣټһЩҵȨˣ˶ûʸȥ
ңߣΪǶڣ
ףͫͫѩӦѩ飬ڴС
һһƽȥҲǲ˷λá
ڼаɽӵĴ£˽뵽аħͼ⼫аħǼ򵥡
⻹ǵһΣ˽뵽аɽµһаڵġ
аħ彨ΪڣɫɫΪɫΪ
Եı棬Ϊһǽڣǽһ޴ʻ񣬻УһڣԡڳеħӰһͷͻͻ¸Ķơ
аɽʦаˣ벽׾Ķǿߣǧǰպĸ֡
һִаɽǧµһаڣΪ֮һǰС
µΪһͷ۷ޣϻУѾǧǰͷϻҲµĶ֮һ
·һž޴ĺɫΣаɽΣڻûʸȥ
֮һѺɫŽɢ˿˿а֮
Ǿаɽƽ̷ƷаŽҲаɽִƷ֮ףλмƷ۷壬޽ӽ뱦Ҳаɽɽ
ڶļƷ̸ܻӥ޾ֵа֣λмƷƷ̸רԭһ̸Цᡱľꡣ
ľλƷ㴫޾̡
ļƷΪƶֵġޡΪһƷµλƷ֮ĩ
Ȼ֮ܳΪƷ䲻ĵط
˵䣬ûκһƷͨġ
Ҫ֪ʹаɽɽźǧĺ͡£ҲûгмƷġ
ɽĵλ֮£֮аɽµĹأƷֻΪ״аɽΪ壬ɽȴǶ֮Դ
Ϊ˲ʹԼңλɽ֮Ȩܼ̳֮λȻܵƽ̷ʵ
ܣʵ͵ãӰƽλβ󲻵֮ơ
ԣаɽ洫Ʒŷֱƽ̣ԼֱִƣλɽӵеģҲǸһμƷѣҪԼá
Ž֮ԣһ֮ϣзһӡ
ǾŷӡֻǴ˿̣Ȼû˸ҶǷӡ˶ڷڲ輸֮ϣȴµˡ


780 
аɽɹΪƷнķСаĵ䡱һ
⡰аĵ䡱һֱղʮĽУ͸ͻƷԴһΪаɽҪԴ
ûƽӡȥ⣬ȡκζƶᣬҲܡ
а취ӵھŲֱͨʮһ㣬ȴܽʮ㣬Ϊаɽеڣֻӵŷӡܴ򿪴ţУñء
ԣƽ̷ӡͺŷһʣҪԣȴǿˣΪԴ򿪽⣬ȡһԴ
ʽ֮û˷ԣаɽ󻤷Цᡱľ͡š಻ͻŷƽ̷ӡΪźǧļᣬҲʽаɽʮɽ
ʱܳƽ̷ӡ⣬ȡɱ䣬аĵ䡷ԼӦĺԴ
ֻǣл᲻ʲôʣǾ˵ˡ
ĿǰΪֹеһлǰաźǧĵľ籾ߣϵЦҲԽԽʢѾԼϽһʱ̡

뼫аħ֮аɽһȺˣһЩȺʦħ֮¡
Щаɽ֮ĹԱ򿿽һЩϾֻΪԱܲȥ
ջĿ⣬̧ͷܱɨһۡ
ֻڵĴУʮԲԲֱͨ񸡹࣬צȱۣһָìɫ־壬Եü׶
һɭаĺ
Ǽаħ𣬹治
վԭأĿһ
ףⳡλ䲻˳У±Ȼ䣬ԻǿһЩĺãϾ˭Ҳȷ»ᷢʲô顣
ףΣգҲܼʱԮһԼһڲ࣬Ҫõöࡣ
ϾʵȻҲ㲻ȳϣƼ߽װ벽֪жλһѨڣѨ۷嶼ûԻ
ǰʽʼ
̳󻷽ڣһڼ棬ڶڽʣڴȺۣͨ£ĿǰѾеΪؽĻڣҲǵڶڣʡ
һƬžû˸Ҷ˵׵̸ھʵĵһڣʡ
֣λ֮ʱҵҵѿˣӡƷ׿ԺգھңʦТ岻ȱɳаȨ飿
Σû˳źֳһĨ΢Ц
˳ʹһˡ
ԭΪ׳һڣΪϾ롰̸޾̲ϣȴû뵽ûһؿԼԼء
ΪʲôѵҲ֪޷ֹԼռ̳֮λΪԼʾ
ǧвһĨԵá
һԣվǵ̸ܻӥ޾ֳ̣һ˿ĪЦݣ֪ʲôȴһԲ
ܿ죬ڶʵ
ʣڶΪʡ
֣ȡԶֺõıͣŴ
һڣʲô⣬һ㶼ֻ߸
ڲϣаɽΪУʹĲͬǧаɽҲؽڷѣవֱ֧ˣλȴϸ档
ԸǴɣûκһţһֶˣٲֶˣȻȫ޵ĹС
ԵڶʣǧҲܿء
˵ʣҲؽһʡ
ʡ
ʣλߵ²ļ汸˾ŷһʾͲκ⡣
ΪûзӦȻûɡ
²㣬һؾͼпַܳߣѹ£λ仹ԼУѹ£ͼпܱ;̡
Ͼаɽ̳д䣬ڳģࡣ
ǣһʱһؽȴ⡣
ֻһаɽѾսûһλѹšڵаɽϿ̫ƽһƬȴѰӿ
һأֻûô׹
źǧģҲΪֳһ˿أĿ⣬ɨڳаɽĸ߲㣬Լһλɽ׍¡
ûж࿴ƺƶǻ֧Լûκνš
Ŀ⣬Щ˵ͷȥЩˣȴ̹Ȼӣƽһ˿쳣
áźǧвɰһ¡
ǰû׼˲СգԼҲֽٰˡ
ڼȻֽٰ䣬ȻѾ˵оˣȳϸԼѿ
μλʹЩССۣҲӦòԼ˳λΪаɽһɽˡ
źǧųһ˿ЦݣԺѾ񣬵Լ˳λɹ֮Ҫδͣͨˡ
Դ֮ԼźͷӴ¡
֮󣬳Ϊһ𷨵ǿߣ޵۷塣
гδʱаɽ󻤷֮һġЦᡱľ꣬һɫŲᣬ̨
̯аɽʮߴӣźǧģͷǫˣԸаΣλΪаɽʮɽµӣ飿
һüžӦ
ǧϵЦԽԽʢ
׷߶ľ״ȺƬ̣˳ٴׯһ飬Ŀɨ̨ˣɱŵʮߴӣźǧļаɽʮµӿ飿
ڶ飬̨ɼžӦ
ǧĸоĿҪѾųĿЦݣ΢ֻ̧һʣʹϸ̨λĽʽ
ڴʱЦᡱľĵʣ˳
ɱŵʮߴӣźǧļаɽʮµӿ飿
üžΪԼȻˣǧѾ׼̨ϣЦݽ˳֮ʱһӴ֮⴫
ң飡
ŻȻһ漴޲׷׺Ȼ̧ͷаħ֮ȥ
ͼһˣ롣
ɫ䣬絶丫̣һڳǹⳤǹ˻һͷɢɫǹ߲ѪɫԲǷ
һ˲䣬˾ϳ˵ݣȻѾźǧĻˣӶݶȥ֪ٵаɽһ״ӣƷ桱а䣡
Ȼֻˣ
ҿӣƾΪһ¥ϢѲ⣬˼̽ףľ
аͷڣҴǧĵļλ䣬߲ơ
һʱ䣬˶ͷƤһ飬һɽ¥Ϣһÿһ·
һµġƷ桱а䣬ôųǹǰ֮һɱ⣬Ȼ𾪡
ʱǿˣ
ΪߵεȲˣ
λаգǧϣаɽλ
û֪𰸡
֪һ籩γɡ
ͻ޿ɱ⣬


781 
а䣬㾹һ
һ£ǹа䣬һһλȺģ׼λᣬΪаɽʮδɽġźǧģһ˫Ӷɱ
ԤϹֱ硰ܻӥ޾ֹ̳ؽġŮҲԼ
뵽ˣӦ֮ߡ
ֻû뵽Լ͵Ϯˣ㵱ɱӣƷ桱аҸҵڽͣԼλ䡣
ָƣѵ֪ʱ
֧а߲㣬ѱԼȫһ飬ʱƾһС֧֣ԼմȨΪһ֮Ĵ棿
ǣĻˡ
ΣʹажôǣźǧУʱɻǲըˡ
ŭջһʱвȼ
Ȼаһ¼ҹܷˣʱ̣˹ֻͬҪһ֣Լûа취֮ͬǰ˳̳֮λҪõѪֶΡ
һʹֶΣУԼ߱λߣǱһɱа䣬ʣͻᵱ²п飬Įֱˣ֮ǰ񲻷
ԣǧȻԸܣ뿴аʱ
ô׼ôʱ䣬㷢ӢǰǧУΪ˷⣬аɽɽ֮λñ˿ҫΡ
Ӷɾͷ¡
ڣҪͷаȴͻȻع飬ԼļλʹԼϳֽɱҲһԼԸܵĽ֡
ʵڸǧС
һ̣ǧֻԼΪʲôʱûһ㣬Ȼûһٽа䵱ɱһؼף˿ȥݱɽεľ档
ɱ˶Էⳡλ䣬ͳһЦԲ˳һģ١
ɱԷаﵷԼļλ䣬ǧ֮ܽ£ͬһʱ鼫Ϊӣɫ쵹תɱԽԽʢ˼
ΪʲôܻΪβһ
ڣ߽źǧǰʮɣаվһЦŶġźǧģڵ
û⣬ļƻķ䣬ߣʰɣΣգа䣬ҪǰҴĿ˿ĳƾһˣҲΪаɽһɽֱЦ£
ãܺã
ԣźǧУɱٴδʢŶа䣬صа䣬£һˡ֮һϵִԲ򣬽գ˵ãҲֻѪ岽ˣ
һȰ˵βǰƣҪƴƣ㣿ִһƽ
ȻʹߣٹǧĻǲԸƻԼ
򲻵ѣԸа䣬ֻҪԷ˺һԼ˳λδزһպһᷢ
ֻǺȻаռȻͲ˳⡣
ֻȻȻһǰ¶ǰһ˸ǹ⣬ʮԝףЦſڵǰаĳûдսʹ͸аĳⱦؼסֻѾ˰ɣܻ¶Ŀ
ˣаĳҹаĳ֮أ͵ϮһڸɽȻ˲֮£һ󱲵ֱ֣Ц󷽡
ҹаĳһսʤаĳаɽ֮λøҲδɡСо֮£аĳȴضҪ㳢ѣ
ؼףԭˣãܺã
źǧ֪Ȱ˵޹аѶһʱɱʢаؿЩƵǼؼף֪Լ٣ͷޣǲɵͷСӵһĪΪԼΪףɿĳһս
һ⣬գʹ٣Ȼ㲻֪ôĳҲҪ㵱ɱЧȡû֧֮ˣΪ㻹ϴ˰ӵ𣿡
аԣɫһʱøӱ䡣
ǧģõʧ׼֮ˣΪñѵΪһУľգ
Ҳ᲻أ
ţ
ԣǧɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀ޵һɨͼаɽӣĿ˸ԥʱһ
֪аԣѾԼɥȻ̳࿿ǣвܷڣЩ֮ǰ֧Լĵ£ҲδؾûзԼĿܡ
ֻսپǵ뷨ˡ
뵽ˣźǧһݣϻ˵а䣬ϴһսδʤղڴ˼аħУһƽԾʤ֮λĳáʤԶ˳аɽٴλΣ
ֻУȴЦ
ʲôƽԾǽڡҪ˿һǧĵǱаһӸߣ̳֮λ˳
գܷаߣ±ԣֻҪԼװһʧ֣ܽаɱҲû˵ʲôˡ
ȻһЩӰ죬ܱаԼϵףƻԼļλҪǿöࡣ
а䣬ϸһĨĪЦ⣬ƺ֪ǧʲô뷨ЦǧģԸְɣ˿ź֣ûôڣ
䣬źѾٲ໰Ȼ̤ǰһһƻ
źаɽڹаĵ䡷ĵڶСУһµƷкƣо⡣
źˣ£ʱȻĴɱ⣬Ȼǵһʱ߶ԼΪǿĺƣһĳ
ƾƿգ಻ʧɫһһƣͬŸӡǰͬʱаؿڡ
һӡУʹаսؼס˴Ҳ⡣
˾𾪵һĻˡ
Ʒ桱а״ܣŲһͬһӭȥ
ʮһﳵѵأ
¡
ѪɫǧķĺڰкȻײͬʱһһʽȻƽ֣ʤ
ʲôôܣ
źǧһʱ㵵˼ĶǻɺͲš
Ȼ֪Ʒ桱а츳ˣʵǿ󣬵ҲѨ۷徳磬벽
ԼǳΪ벽֪꣬мףнף߽ΣĿǰǸ߽װ벽ڡ
ԭΪֵһȻԷ£ҿƲԼ١
Ըš
ʵȻǿȵزˣ
ʧૣסҡͷ
а״ȴһЦͣаĳΪǣĿǰѾнװ벽ڣ㣬Ҳѷһˡ
ϱаĳεʮ񹦣գаĳҪ㵱Աǰͽʯ׷Ѫ֮𣡡


782 
ʲôﵽнװ벽ˣпܣ
źǧʧȫԼĶ䣬аı֮ûôںˡ
һӣҲʮ꣬츳ǿһЩٶȿһЩǰҲѨ۷壬ﵽװ벽
̶£Լ͵Ϯ˵£Ϊȴ˷ȻѨ۷װ벽ֱӽнװ벽Σݽ̫ˡ
װ벽нװ벽֮Ĳ𣬾ڵ̶ȡ
װ벽ոսȫڸո̤벽Ĵţнװ벽ȴҪеȫһ飬䲻ѹ
һɣΪװ벽ڡ
ĵɣΪװ벽ڡ
ߵųɣΪװ벽ڡ
ʮΪװ벽۷塣
ʮ֮󣬵ıʻᷢʵı仯ʵʱ͵ѾΪнװ벽ˡ
ҪСĹ̡
Ҫװ벽ĵȫнװ벽ĵҪѹ̣Ҫ˵Լġ
ҪǣҪһأգȻʱڣ˵ز
Ͼȫһ飬ҪļΪ˵Ԫ
һˣڣѨ۷壬мҪ¹ĻۣмչٵԪܴﵽһ
ԪǾ˵ġ
뽫ЩԪɵĵȫһ飬ҲҪԭ屶ڴ˵ԪС
Ϊѹ༷ͬˮһƴĺ࣬һѹҲֻСһӴСС
ѹ̵ļѣҲǺܶһڳװ벽ԭҪĵĺԪʵ̫ھˣܶһҲԴչ
䣬ϾǷ˾Ӷࡣ
һЩ츳ͨװ벽ʱѾӣûǸʱȥѹ
Ը䳹һ飬ûкԼԪգѰ쵽
ǣһЩ̺ļƷ鵤Ѱҵһ̺Ԫأѹȴܼ̣ˣҪһҲǺܼѵġ
ܶˣʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʮ궼£а侹Ȼֻ¾ˣȻܲǧ죬𾪣š
಻ţѾʵ
а״һЦøϻֱӳ֣һ̤Ȼȷ˹
ڰ
Ż֮ϣһƬڣɫ֮УȴȽȽһƬͬһȻƣֱֱػ˴ԭصġźǧġ
ͬȻ֮ȴǼ˵Ĺ·ӺڰͻȻתΪ˰硣
еһʱǰһڣ漴Ȼף˫һʹЩܲȴ̼ɼһǺεȵĿ¡
źǧҲྪѣ漴ɱʢ
ãܺãһ͸ˡ
䣬۹޷ԵǶԴ׵üëٿ֮ҲȾһĨɫһɫӡ
ʮعƣ
һ£ǧٴһĳ
ͬʱ˫ɫףȻҲͬʱһ⣬뵽ʽ֮У۷ĺƣĳܡ
˽ɫףǷǡźǧеĴμƷ֡һ߶ܼӳȭ
һµġƷ桱аˣҲ΢һ£ȻûͬӴ
ܣӿͬ
УǧĹسظԵüֲ
֮У֮֮ȴ
Ȼ湦Եġʮѧû֣ȴʩչŹ
ʱ˿ټȴ֣֮ǰսϣаžѧҪԭҪµö࣬ǿö࣬ãһͷƤ顣
а˵˹ѾһݰΣѹʩչʮһڶħȪжԸаħǧʱȻͬоࡣ
ʽЩͬˡ
֪аϣ׷ʲôı仯Щɫ֮УܵһЩаħǧеħо
Щħе£ɽЩùܶɭ
У⡱һЩõԤС
ǰĵǣڳΪʵ
аȫаħǧħŹħٴףµƣֻ¾һЩƷѧ֮ˡ
ѹţһѰҡźǧĸ
Ϊһ棬ģֻ·湦İɣ
ֻȳϣ޷룬ҲֻܺͫӦѩȸںһվһ߾ۿţ˺һξ룬³ʧ꼰㡣
ڣа䷢ĺڰ֮ƣ߶˻ôμƷ֡ӳܵǧĵĻڰкȻײ
ȻһȻ𶯣ƺҲά֡
ϹϲͬѰΪаɽصأȻƾ٣һֱ󷨱Բֻεһ£ָֻƽ
Уȴƾտɾ޴ͬɽײ
ΪԵһЩˣˣվסɶѪȴֻһྡྷˡ
Χˣսĵаǧˣܵƾжֲ
ǣֻǸƺһȴٴγϡ
а䲻ϴ߶ʮʽǧĵĻڰնԺ䣬һһ¡¡𶯡
һЩΪˣѾվסò˳
ֻЩʵǿ֮ˣǿվȣһǣŵضųеľƣȴ


783 һ֮ϣ
ȻаʮѾǳǿ󣬵ϾΪѷڡźǧһ
нװ벽ڣ͸߽װ벽ڣɲֻһС磬رм仹лҺȽ׶Ρ
ȻʵǣھԵʵϣȻǧԴ·硣
ԣʮйȥԿаѾ֧穣ϵˡ
ǧļ״ϵ֮ɫŨƸͣһһУ籩꣬айȥ
а䲻ϵˣһһſڵơ
ƣаֻͣգǧıܽܣɱ
ɱа䣬ڽΣļλ仹ܼУܵаɽɽ֮λ
ȻΪǶȨλڸͲܣȻΣ޷ҡ֮λ
ƾȻһЩ˿϶ᷴҲиˣ׷档
ϾⱾһǿʳ磬ŷ
ڴаɽӶԣ˭ΪҪһλǿĴڣǸӡ
ԡźǧģսʤƷ桱а䣬ԭ̳ˣҲⷽ棬ջһ׷ߡ
֮λʹԲ˳ܵȵ
ֻǣۼΣվ棬һµġƷ桱аϣȴûκξ̾ɫһֱ̹Ȼ俴һֱںˣ֮䣬Ȼ⣬࣬ƺ
ýˡ
УźǧЩͷ
ĴǼʮ֮ڽа䣬ϵԽãԽ
ϾԽ֣֤а֮ĲԽСаƫᣬʮѾȵزʤֻʱ⡣
ǧĲ־档
ˣӽУѾĵļޡ
ɱУһٽƷ桱аɱԴԽԽľ档
۷壬ǧֳһֻӰͨڣ屾Ŀһֻ֣һƣһֳű
˿̣ƴŹʣ֮ϣֵ
壬ָ
֮ϣаɽ߲㾪ȡ
аĵ䡷Ϊаɽ߹λеƷн׵ĲΣעĲͬΡ
ʹֻһҲصȽ֮֡
ߵĵȽף壬ħ࣬ҲǴ˵еĶָ
ָжֻ֣һֱû˵壬Ϊû۷塣
ǣ߼¼ȴаɽڣһλ޴˹ջĺħ࣬ʮֻ֣ųʮָǶָ֮еǿߡ
źǧĴʱٻָֻܹ֣Ի͵ĲΣԶԶܸһλаɽ
ˣҲʮֲˡ
ϾλɽǷڵǿߣ޺ܻ꣬ʮָӰ
УΪǿģҲͻʮֻ֣󲿷ݣֻ֣߰ڸˣָ޷
ǧһ߽װ벽ȻܽΣһָֻӰѾʮֲˡ
ĳɣ
һȣǧĻƱǣ˫΢ȻȻһϣٷֿһĶ
䱳ƣƺҲõٻͬаؿڡ
ɱУ
״Ʒ桱аһЦֻᣬ㡣
䣬ŲһУȻ˱ܣ˫㲻ˣվסͬʱ˫ţж֣
ʮҵᣬħ࣡
Ż󣬾ȻظֳһֻڵĹӽࡣ
ӽһſڣʱӡ
ЩӣһſͬΣУƥƿ·򽣴գһʱ볯ġźǧĴ
ӣ롰źǧķƣԼڰкȻײ޴ĺУٴξһ𣬼ʹ󷨱Ծмʯֲס򿿵ýϽܵȻίΪһ೾
ӣ˷ڸ߲״ɫ䣬׷׳֣µӡ
ߣһµġףǲһ΢̾һһĻɫһ·һĻǰ
ʱЩⷽĺɫӣһһ׹̶ô壬޷ƻĻվȫʧΪһɫɢ
ߣС׳֣ȻˣеĵطϾʵ㣬ǶԵһʱԵֵ׷ˣذĴѪ
һУаΪ˶ԸΧˣǲǳʧ꼰㣬ɫᣬǳŶġźǧĶȥ˻ãֻˣû
еΣȫһˡ
޴ĺ󣬡źǧɫ͵һףƣڽǧϰٵһ壬ֻǼƬʱ䣬漴
ĺɫӣХͬɫ籩һ˲佫źǧİƣڽξͲһɫ˼ֲ԰ס
ʱ˿̣ĶָӰǳʧ
źһȣμһܵĽĻȻ𣬵סкɫӣӰȴϾգɫȫʧܵİɫĻҲ֮
ź״Ҳ̲סۡһ³һѪ
ֻһУȻԭϷ磬˲䵹ת·磬˲Сˡ
ǿ֮ƵתʹóɱеľźȻǡƷ桱аĶ֣һĻôеĲˣɵɴ۾һĻ
˸ǡ˻һһš
ǧ˶꣬а˶ꣿȻսУһСԼӽʮˣһĻʵ̫˵ʶ
ǲԭ֧ǧĵаɽӣҲɷһʧ


784 һ֮У

źǧĲɾǵѪɫһ˲
Ϊ͡ߡǧһаʵҲĵӱ
ʱ̣Ȼڴ֮ͥ£ټ֤λٹȺǰܸһλԼӱ飿
аʵ֮죬ٶ֮ҲеΣ
ףԼ͵Ϯа䣬ɱ֧ĳϺ͵ӣ֮Ѿƺɽһ޷⡣
ȻˣղžԼѶԷ£Ҳ˶ãԼͲĶˡ
ȻۣԸܣȴʵֻнܡ
УɱǷӿ˫Ŀ֮У˸ų֮â
ҵģа䣬Ȫ֮£úڽյ³ç
Żǧ˫Ȼһʮָǰ
һѪâʮָۣһɱŰϢǧϳ֣ԽԽֲ
¡¡йսԱ޲ɫ䣬ܵв׷׳ܣԸǣⳡ粨
Ľ⣡ˣ
Ǽаɽ߲㣬ǲɷ׷״󻩣ɫȻһɫ
аɽµһаڣµӾеаħͽʹǣҲвԸȾָĽӡаɽ㡣
Щ෴ɻأԶһ㹦
ǣЩҪôĴ̫ҪôʩչĺֲƩʱ˿ǧʩչ⡰Ľ⡱ʵӦýѪ󷨡
νѪ󷨣ڣʵʮѨ
ЩѨڣ޲̲ſֲ˸޷֮ȡáһȡã³
ЩʹãһѨ̫أѪܣ˲壻٣˼ꡣ
ԹڽѨˣҪôǷӣҪôǵҪͷϧƴһѾκδˡ
Ȼʱ˿̵ġźǧģ֮һ
Ľ⣬˼壬ǽĴѨҲѨֱΪһüģֳӡѨڶǣԻѨ̫̫
ѨѨ䲻˵մ֮Ҳʲô³ʱ˿̣ǧʩչĽǽĴѨǱصǿһ
ʽʮ𡣡
䣬ЩѪɫâ۳һı
߳ʣȻУӰһţһ̣ռϷġƷ桱аԴȻһۣ漴һӹϺѪ󵹷˳ȥ
ϸʱУȻƿһڴѪǰͨ͸Ѫ丵γԼԼõԱߵࡣ
ƫһ֣аضɡ
ˣһȻ˼֮Чƿɲ
Ȼһǿٴתаһˣδ˵˲Ҳʧȥս
Ľ⣬Ϊаɽ߽֮һʩչҲûмԸܡ
ǧۣǣڵѨ֮УѪ״ɲȴЦа䣬ôĽζɣȻʩչ˽Ҳ԰ˣ¾Ȫȥڰɣ
䣬ǿѹ֢Ҫһ˽аĸ֮ԼǶаɽ֮·谭
ֻǴʱ˿̣أһĻа侹ȻĨһǵѪĭӵȷС踱ˣȻĽΪֻһӵнĪˣ˭֮ӣ
䣬һֻ̧𣬰ǰ˿֮ϡ
ۿɼƣȻһ֮ǹ֮ɫůס˿ڡ
ǿֲڰѪƣȻۿɼٶȸԭ
Ϣ֮ȻѾҲһ˿˺ۣ·ղһĻǴ
ʲôôܣ
һ£ֹаġźǧģǴйսŸ߲㣬಻һüо˲Ծ
ǰôأǧķʩչһ˵аɱǰƣҲǶʱ޸ġ
а䣬ȴˡ
ǵ˵棬ؽؿڴͬȥһ㣬ʲô˾ûֶΣʥħһ
ԣǲǹ֮аħ֮
ͻȻ˴󻩣ƺʲôɫ֣ɪɪ
ԣһаȥȻղŹʥĹâѾʧ¶аƵݡ
һֻưѾֻʣһ߿ݹǣѪⷭʺɫѸõòӡ
һ˿˿аħ֮治ɢȶһۿɼʲôķţааħ
˵аħ𣬼ʹصƣֻҪаħ֮ǣҲָܺܿԭѹʱڻֲָơ
ĪǣΪ˶Ըźǧģаɽɽ֮λаѾͶͶаħΪԷµһԱ
У˵ı鶼
аɽǲţԽܣӣϣдž֮âеĸ˿˿ɱ⡣
аħ֮ͽ˵ö֮
аɽȻµһаڣϾҲ֮һоԶƽʱ¿΢ҲĴڡ
Ϊаħܵ߸½Ĵڡഫж棬̸棬̸ηչ̸δ
ԣһаħ֮ͽţͬɱԲ̶Էȥ
ֻǣааħ֮ͽȴһЩ˱ֻɣΪղţֻһƬ֮ǡ
ȻаƵ䣬аɽһЩֲаźǧĶʩչĽֽаδûС
Ȼ뵽ղа˵ˣһȻӦ˹
ԣⲻаħ֮Ӧаʦߡǧڣµһ֮⡣
а״ʦ˭ǿǴ½˴ŵ֮һ÷ڵĶǿߣߡǧ
аڶܷӡһֽϷӡı
ҶڣҲӡһʩӵıֶΡ
а䣬ͬΪ״֮һҶĸڼ̳ˣ˭˵ϣûһı֮
Զ׼ȻаҶˣ϶иʩӵĽֶΣаϣӦͬС
ҾҶа˵ʦΪҲڣа״ʦǿǷڵĶǿߡ
ʦ֮аҶ˵ʦҪǿһؾ硣
ԣаʦµı֮⣬ӵ˿֡
ֻǣȻˣѾʹù֮⣬ʲôֶΣǴĵѨġźǧĵĶأ
˲⣬볯аȥ
漴ȴЦһ޶ɭࡣ漴ֻ̧õƣ΢΢һӣһХʱ˶Ĥ
ˡˡˡ
ֻоԼȻӿ죬漴˼Ȼʼ·ģʲôɲ
ţΪģԲᶨģȻһԼ˿Ƶĸо·ʲôɲԼ

һ˷ҽУһ̵ĹâϷݶȫڴſվġƷ桱аϡ
а˫ۣʱҲͬˮһɫ죬ء
һħ


785 һ֮£
˫Ŀһעӵǧĵϡ
ʱͼǧġһҲһҽУ˵˼άƺѾңȻãȻأ¶أȫ޷أаߣ
аȡһֻѩߣһġ
žһ죬·ϴӰٳ߸¥£ǧĵԴһ֮£·õϣİ׵һء
漴ǧĻ£·һƲ顱һڴĺʯϣҲͬ顱һĿڡ
ʲôа
ΪʲôҸо࣬аõʲô򣬾Ȼȡ֮Ϊã
ΨˣɫüΪأҲһЩѿ
ΪǳУΨûбаӰ֮ˣǣǡǡϳ˴ֹ

аɽڱ䣬аĵ䡷Уǿµطһ̳˲ᴫ
طаɽɽһϰľаҲǡаĵ䡷ݡ
аɽУϰаĵģҲʮʮˣ಻ϰǵһĵеڶģҪһݵλϰģ̳ˣûбˡ
ǡźǧģҲǡаĵ䡱ڶĺ
аɽλ̫ϻЦᡱľ͡š಻Ҳǵľݡ
ӵʼר
˭Ҳû뵽մ֮ͥ£ԭΪذܣҿ¼֮صġƷ桱а䣬ȻпȾаһܣڻɱԭĵһɽźǧġ
Ƚʵת쵽Ըӵĵز
뵽徳ʿϣһġḡҲǰչ¶칤ɽרһ϶ʽѧ˺ȻҲͲжˡ
ḡǰôаҲѡ̳ˣôڡߡǧս֮ǰѾǰôҲͲǶô˾ȵˡ
ֻ֮ǰû뵽һ棬Բѡ
˵аɽΪаֲһʩչֻҪ㹻ԿƱԼΪǿεĶ֡
㹻ǿ󣬱һ֮ˣһ֮ˣһ֮ˣһ֮ˣҲδزȫƣȫججȫʧȥԼʶͬʬ⣬ʩ׸
󣬡źǧľаպ޷һ
һλаɽɽλȨأµҪ̳аɽĴλȻô׵֤ǻ֮λıǰԩͬʱȴҲ̵Ըӡ
һۣʹ䡣
ϧ߱Ȩ֮ģȴûʵͼҵһգΡ
ϴаڼ䣬Ҫͷ͵Ϯʧ֣ˣûó潻ս¹˭ֻδ֪
Ҳ֪ԭа䣬ѱôǿˣǿֻĳ̶ȡ
õʮš͡
ʣһսƷ桱аؽ¡
ֻҪɾʦ֮λҲ֮ң

źǧսһţ漴Ȼһʱҡ
ԭ֧ǧĵļλԼһµӣʱȻɫ䡣
ЩԤϵãȻŵĨͣƺӳ˵ء
һȴֲ֪ʱаħſڣȻվһλߣ⹴ǣ˫۴ŵЦƺͰף˭˭⣬޷ɹ
ǡ̸޾̣ʲô֧踱ɽôվаһߣѵͶаҪֹӳ𣿡
һʱ֮䣬Щ֧֡źǧĵͽӣһɫפǰȲӲֲԸ뿪
˶ףһʣа䳹аɽλ֮ʱǵ֮ա
ڲӣ¸Ӳˡ
ҲӲ̸ſڣ˭ӵõһʱЩ
еգҲù
Щû֮ˣã֪ηչ
ڽ֮ǰ˶û뵽ǿһתת
ǧռϷ磬аʩչʮתٵǧʩչ㽫а䵱ɱ
ȴֱа䲻״ʦ𣬷ǿһ⣬һõʦǰ״аĵ
ԭҪ̳֮λġźǧľսȽ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϡ
һӣڣµӲͷƤվаǰָа䣬һӣûгΪԻɱΪ֮һˣõң£ϳͲ
ˣȻǡźǧĵңۼӲɴ⵹а䣬ȻǾûк³
Ͼ֧аĳϵӣȫźǧɱһա
˵ǧаλһµЩǧģ֮ͻϮֶԶ׷߾ˣ˭Ҳš
λµҪ֮һ
֧еôģҲǿˣ˻ǿлɱǧ֮󣬴ʱа䣬ҲӦõǿ֮ĩ
ϾҲûôʩչģԱ˶ԣƿֲԼԣҲܴ
аǧĺУʮһǿʩչܹյĿĸһ
ʱ˿ֻ̣һѨܽɱ
ϾźǧҲ룬һλø߽װ벽ֱʵ֪ٱ
һаؿڵѪ˶һ˵áߡǧı⻯ȥ
ţʹˣƣȻаɾ޴Ӱ죬ǣղһ˲䣬ʧȥľѪĵĵûôָ
ԣȻŹõĻᡣ
ȴ֮󣬶Լչ㣬Ѿ죬ܽһЩҰļ֣֮
ʱ򣬼ʹλ߲ԭģҲɱ֮ܳΪĹ
ֻϧȻСа䡣
˵ֹǣ֮ǰаɽˣڸ߲㣬ȫС֮ǰǧĵɥ֮ȮһϳţǱӴܵ콾ӡ
λµĻԷֻЦЦôҵȲ˵֮ǰǧķң͵Ϯҵء˵аĳҲ̸ĵ£ӴУҹܵаĳͷϣ
µ˵Ȼʱ˿̣Ȼ顱һصʯ׷ɣһֻʾһ½µ븹С
Ķ˼£漴µȴǺȻֱһͷͻȻֵĲУûԩ
ʽߣ
ȺУɧһ£һЩ̾ȣ˵
Ͼʵ̫ҲǴ󲿷ܽļ޾磬û뵽ڴ˴֡
аɽӶԣͷʽߣȴİΪ˶֪ǡƶŮ˽г


786 ͻ
˭Ҳû뵽µչаķԣΪаɽ֮һƶŮᾹȻֱָʹͷʽߣһڽµȥ
ֶΣѪȲб
˭Ҳʼϲ
аȴԤϣֻǳһվ˾ġŮṰЦҸлħˡ
ؿ
ɫ˳۵ƶһһЦƺ
Ť³Уźǧĵʬǰмʬ塣
漴ЦųһһµġƷ桱а俪ڵӦģȻҲҪǴӦ˵ɡ
ΪаɽִȨ֮һŮķʮҪ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ʱ˿̣ȻֱԳ£Ȼ϶аλ
һʱ䣬ڳˣ⣬޲еʮ졣
ڴ֮ǰ˿ɶ֪źǧ˴ǮͨλƶڣƶȴͶа䡣
λźǧĻǱ˾޴ۣ£һλѡ
λѣȴͶĵˡ
γֽǰľź˵ķ̡
ټ̸޾̵ĶҲڡƷ桱аһߵĳԱһʱ䣬˺ܶܲܡ
ȫ˽м䵽׷ЩʲôΪʲôʵȨȻͶа䣬ѵֻΪаһѡļ̳
ԣûš
аɽɽ֮һǧжȨ֮ģǵʵλֲǧĵͶ٣ܾȫų
л顣
Ȼ뵽а˵ġħ֣ʶˣʱɵɫһ䣬ûæŤͷĴ¼ʲôֲĴڡ
Ȼħ֣УĲɿΣаӦħʲôۣҲޱȺ棬һʮֲĸо
žžž
Ȼһƣ˳
û뵽û뵽һӣȻ踱ɽʵ˾ȡ
һҡͷ°ۣɫᣬһ޺аɽǧ֮⣬һɽһˣаɽͬεĵڶɽ¡
֮ˣ֮ʱֻһ߳ʱȫ˵Ŀ⡣
ȴǧĵʬǰͷ鿴£ʱʵʵ˼аɽˣֻǡ
˵һ٣ȴǺȻһЦ˵ֻǣʹǧĪ꣬Ҳ̸̶⵱ڻɱһλɽΪаɽǵ˽蹫̣ڴ󲻾ҡ
˵ɫתһöȴģžһ죺ղħɷҽһ£ô£
գȻ̡
˭Ҳû뵽Ϊֻǧаָ֮ʤǧˡ
аʤѾϿм̳аɽǰһЩˣҲ˳Ȼ
ʱһעһɽȴͻȻ˳аеָ
ҡᵽˡħ֡
βô˺Ϣһϣеһɽ
ûΪʱ˵أеʱָ̣а䣬ΪԷɱǧ֮¡
ֻС£ºڲɣô֮ͥ£Ȼָ
ֻⷬܣһԷҲǧһɵĳԱֻ˶֪ⲻܡ
£͡źǧģһֱϣ֮ǰҲûжٽ
ͬΪаɽɽ֮һȨཻǧռöˣȻûʲôռ˵дΪѲԭ򣬵ҲǧȨ̫ǿʲôһץҪɡ
Ҫ˵²ǧģǲܵġԴʱ˿̣ΪǧıɱΪͷ
ǾֻСǧͬһɣ֮λˡ
ûֹԿ϶Ʒ桱а伸оųɾϵļʣֱӼλΪǱ˾޻ᡣ
ֻ˻ɵǡһԶаɽȨģԸ̫࣬һλ֮ʱȨġ£ΪνգͻȻ˲ǵľٶ
ѵܱǧ֧߸ڣǣΪǧĸߣаնԸа
û˾ܡ
µʷ
ΪСಡϼд²Ųò˳аɽȨ֮⡣
ǧһɽλãҲְʵûʲôʵȨ
Ϊаɽʮ֮λø˷ǧΪ˶žڿڣǧ˼ҺԺ
Լλ֮󣬲һɽ֮λʹһɽΪɽ󣬷ֹСš
£ûʲô
ϣҲû˾ãܱȵùһɽźǧġ
źǧҲڱаɱºεºܣа
¶ɫ벻ԭ
УȴǽŵúϢˣһƬž
˶תͷվǧʬ֮ϵġƷ桱а䣬Ҫλشµ⡣
ҪǣĿǰ̬֧а䣬аɽУʣĸ߲㣬ֻʣλ̫ϻԼλ
ôҲռţı¿Ӹˡ
ţ
һµġƷ桱а䣬ЩӲתͷվһߵġ£ȻһЦҲаĳ֮λ
Ǻǣкβɣ
Ŀⲻ䣬΢Цаɽɽ֮λĳøʦʦĳ棬ջаɽɽ֮λкβɣкδ
ţ
ԣƷ桱аһ˲ɭһ˿֮âЩ̾һŵ˶С㰡˸ɽ
˸ɽĸҧüأɫ֮䣬һ˿֮ɫϾʤȯա
Ϊ֧֣ʧܡ
Ҫǣ󣬻վһλλڶ̶ʱͻнװ벽еǧĸ𣬲аɽĴλ
ֻǣⷬȻдֻۣǵȴۣԣȴֲֵһᡣ
ΪԷҪģǿаɽڱаȡĿطѣаȣͲаɽԼкӰ죿
㸴¼һݸԼҲЩʲôܵõһλֻ֧֣һ룬˷ܵû
ҪǣԼ˸գаɽʲôʲôЩԼһС塣
ҲšԼ߿ռ䣬磬ϸߵ۷塣
Ǻǡ
˸ɽ֣еһ


787 Ӫ
ΪԼС壬Լαóаɽɽ֮λ
ʱԼ׵ĳԼλһаɽɽ˳ȵֺαؽգҪһСȥ
Ǿˡ
Ϊ壬ʮǰԼòλãȫԼĶ֣Էɽһʮꡣ
ʱУǺεʹࣿ
⡰˸ɽ֣ͬһѵݺݵظĿڡ
ҫǳ衣
Ҳˡ
뵽ҹԼԼݣѾ׳졣
ȻΪҩЧ̫ǿȫһֻܷһƬССҶӣʱ֮ڣȫԼʡ
ǣдݣԼϣ
ҹ̷µһСƬҶ֮ҶԼоԼľ֮壬Ѿ˼ı仯
ԭһƬͬڵľһݣ˥ݵ˥֮кͣӶȻԼڵĴԱԼԪա
ֻһҹԼΪȻһĿǰѾﵽ߽װ벽ڣѾ׷ǧġ
ٹգҲܳ˦Է¡
ʹˣҲ㹻ˡ
뵽ˣĿްĪĹâõĻᣬҲĻᡭһΣԼ޿ܡ
ǧ¶ԷĿľԼ
뵽ˣȻһȣа䣬ҪҶ㣬ڻɱаɽɽˣͼıаɽȨкı˵ĳ㣡
˵꣬ĿһתȻղվڸ̨֮Ϊǧļ̫ϻ֮һһ̸Цᡱľ꣬վһߵġš಻ԴǿеصλǧΪаɽɽ֮һȴӵڻɱˡ
ҪǣԷаħħ֣Ǵ½֮ϣһаħ֯ħȵҪа侹ȻаħͼаȨλǷӦĳһ֣ͬ´ӣ
ţ
Ŵԣվڸ̨֮ϣĿ÷һĻұġЦᡱľ꣬͡š಻ȫɫ죬һۡ
ȻЦᡱľ굱߳׍󣬵ͷ˵ľҲ̸ִ֪µ۷δӦ˽ɱӦý̸ȻأγɷԲ
һ֮ڣͬţ˥֮ҲԶˡ
ǧдҲӦõڽɱһȫ޷֮¡ʹÿס̸󼴿ɣαص˶ֱ֣ûһ̳˷緶
а䣬úýһУаɽҰļȾָȻЦᣬʹƴȫҲаɽʮ
ٱ䣬
̫ϻ֮һġЦᡱľ̬վˡ׍µһ󻩣еգԽϣ
˶оϮ
ԭ֧֡źǧĵͽǧսĻ̻̣˿̿תȫɴϲ
ȻԭǧһֱԸǰֲʲôޣǧս¹һˣȱ֮
ʱת֧£ͻΪµһͽ
ʱԷѹа䣬ɹλһаɽ֮λԼˣΪһߣҲȨҲ˵һ
Ͼ̫ãûʲôţȻԸԼЩˣǣҪˣȻղסаɽ
һǾлᡣ
Ҫǣ̫ϻ֮һ߽װ벽۷壬붥װ벽Ҳһ֮ң̫ϻЦᡱľ꣬Ҳվһߡ
˿˻ᣬȻŹȱȵĺʱ
ˣʱλµԼִ£ӣȫӿˡµ󣬾һʱٴ뽩֣
һ棬ԭ״ӣһ̳ˣƷ桱а䣬Լ̸ᣬͷµƶӡ
еűվа䣬ȴֻԭǧӪͽûеڱ̬ġ̸޾̡
һߣȴһӣ£Լ̫ϻ֮һġЦᡱľ꣬ټλµԼԭǧµִ£ӡ
źǧļȻ˴λȨ׼Ȼ£аɽڵľˡ
ټεһɽλվãͽ鼰ţϣߣȻһٴԭĹ¾ս˲żüá
ռϷ磬Ϊʤȯ״ӣƷ桱аߣԴ·硣
ҶԷĸ߲ս棬֮аҲ˿
Ͼһ̫ϻЦᡱľ꣬ͻ˲֪ꡣ
Ȼûаĵ䡱ĵľҲ˵ľټӸ߽װ벽۷壬׼װ벽Ϊ
ʵھʣǵаɽڸֵһˡ
վڡһˣԶԸнװ벽ڣԼ߽װ벽ڵа䣬Լġƶˡ
ֻлͷš಻Լ̸޾̣ûм̬
ˣȻӪǿƣеľƣȴȻһƬ˷룬˭Ҳ˵׼ĽΡ


788 ħ
ţ
û뵽Ҹ̫ϻ֮һġЦᡱľͻȻվ˶ԷǱߣаһʱЩŷӦԼ֮ǰ˵˻
λʾ֮⣬ϾʶԷֶѲκ룬һֺֻöԷõаɽɽ֮λԷҪ֮˫ַϡ
ܾʹ˽ôˣӴ˵Ϸּ¾ӣպΪһƽϣǰе֮һĴڣҲûпܡ
аҰһܴ󣬲ȻҲںѪУѡð֮踣ڤӦѩȸ콾ȴ԰аħǧռΪУаһ뵽Ĺ֮С
ͲǸ˺һаɽɽԶļޡ
ҪǷݵأ۰һ磬Ͻ磬½ļޣ׷İ֮λ
ֻڽһѹء
ԭĵһɽźǧ͵ϮעҪ̳еаɽ֮λȻ˲
ţʵԭΪǧģ¼λȵ˰ɡ
û뵽ؽʱ̣ȴðһ¡
ңڵһ֣̫ϻľ꣬Ҳվ˶ԷǱߡ
а䣬һʱЩͷۣЩջ
ĿضŶġº͡Цᡱľ꣬ûȥݣעĿЦᡱľ꣬ڵľҪаĳ𣿡
Цᡱľԣɫ䣺а䣬Ҫƶĳ˵顣аɽаħȾָ˵㷽ᡮħ̸޴ľԸа֧֮λȾ
Ļû˵˼˭
Ǿ˵һаĸħȾôͲܼ̳֮ܲλˣܻܲ뿪аɽˡ
ħ½жǿ󣬶ʣڰ˴ŶԣԼڣǵĽء
κһǣ˶ܷŹǡ
еˣѾͶħȣҲ˵аһʱ˴˿̴
аɫ
ȻöԷȥ飬öԷյļλ䡣
գ˭֪պֳʲôʣ
ԼʱˣʹؼΪҲסһ
ؼףҲƷȷȻǿ󣬵޷ȫסһλ߽װ벽һ
ԼȻأʹʱʹȶطҲʩչץᣬӳаɽ
ȻԼҲûãѪڶ࣬Լóֻ¾Լڡ
ԣаɽ˴֮ʣȴλµԼ𾪵ȴµݡħȵħλȨصĶ
κԼƣԪ鵤ԼһмأԼµĶ̶ʱڣƾҽԼнװ벽ڵľ硣
һȽףǺεȵֶΣʵ
ԼУȻǸмĤݵġ
λģµĶԸΪ֮ЧİԼ۷壬뿪˽硣
ԣȻñȥԼĹȥΪһ˵ãпй©ܡ
ȻλʮĽ˶ԣκմȾħȵĴڣȴʮ⣬Բ̵Ĵڡ
һԼ˵Ϊаɽɽ׷ɱͲˡ
ҲֻһаɽʱֻҲûԼ֮
ԣֻһ취ǾǿŤתƣɱ£ľ꣬ǿаɽɽ֮λʱһҧҲҵᲹˡ
ܲǿлɱԼλаɽɽ
ֻϧˡ
뷨ãλȴ־¡
ˣľ˻һȻ䣬֮һ·ʯһɤϹڵ¿ͣñԳֲˡ
䣬α£зߣֱӻɱʹ졭
䣬Ȼ䣬֮ƿһԲ
δɫâսɫĻ䣬ӿƮ¡
һӰһһ̤
սг֣ǧ⣬ʣǷ֮֮Ӻݣʹڳ˵۾
ƺȻһﶼͬʱ⡣
ȵڻָߣͼһۣͷߣ˫ֵˣ֪ʱѾ䵽ˡЦᡱľߣһֱֱֻ֣˶Էʺ
ѪӶԷʺвѩ׵֮ϵ¡
˾ȴһѪȣпᣬһֶصУĵײһ
ħˣ
Ȼ䣬ˣԤϣаɽ֮һġƶᣬȻȻͨһ˵ǰɫ˳
·ԼʲôƴȨһ
ƶ֮ҲгƬ˹£ͷ­ͣɫһ˵Ҳнˣռ˴ƶ󽫽һϵԱѹѹһء

һĻֹаɽӣȫ֮ڱĸԱϣҲһ۾ŵؿһĻ
ʲôаɽ֮һȻ¹򣿡
аɽƶ󣬾Ȼн֮һˣͶλصˡ˵˭кĪа˵ħ
һʱ䣬ڳ˸ľ˾㤣˺һԶһС򣬷·ʲôħ


789 
·ͷߵˣʮ߹󲻷
ˣȴħЫ׷˱ܣһɫ
ǰУڴ칤ɽɽ֮һġ𻷡壬ǱߵĽĽ޺ޣϣŵ³ϣ³ϡȵȡ
֮ˣ޲¶һƬɫ
Ӧ칤ɽ𻷡壬һ˲ڴǿһвԣܵĴ㡣
Ϊһһ𻷣Ҳ֮еת
лɫâɢƴһбʣ
һߵĳڴĽ޺ޣҲüͷ޵סҵ޺񽣣šڴӣ˵ǺϡһƬγ˱׼мİˡ
ֻߣΪ׵ġףƺ˵ĳ֣ϣŲæһӣһƬ紵
Ӧѩ飬ͫˣʱԣ͵˴űߣͬʱһů
úôҪҶвԣг롣
ԣһ漴ǻǵܶվΣȻһ˭Ҳûҿ˵ͬյ˱֮ϡ
ĳ棬ǿײġ
ȻĿǰʵһо㲻ȶƼĳϣȴǲһ֪ߵͺҲ֣ôĶ֪
аɽɽ֮һ߽װ벽ڵġźǧģˡ
һССİ֮ϣ޷֮
аɽһ֣߽װ벽۷̫ϻЦᡱľ꣬һƻɱӦӦһ¡
ɴ˿ɼڵķ籩ģжΣա
ĿǰƲһԿ֣ܱ
и߸ӶţƩ硰ףƩ硭
뵽ˣĿ⣬޵ɨһ۽ԭأԼȴվԭλһ£Բɣ̫ϳϡףԼվŵͺߡ
׽Ǽˣͺߣȴһֱţû뿪
ȳϣʱһĻǳϣƫƫҲĬĴڣûн롣
ȻҲǸصˡ
аɽÿֻˣ˱Ǹ룬ΪҼ֮һ
ֻǺȻһҼʵ͵վĺܷݣȻҲǼٵġ
ǲһαװ
ʱ˿̣ԴģһĿɲƣʵˣò˳ģվ⡣
ǣͷƤñͣ۵ĺߣȴվֱǽڴ籬죬һ׳˶࣬ƽɡ
ԭɽ˺У˭Ҳעⲻ
ڿտյֻʮվ˵ĴڣԵüۣˣҲɾתͷһۣ۾¶ɫ
漴ͻعͷȥûٿǻ߬Լľʺơ
£Ѫøˡ

аɽ̫ϻЦᡱľ껹ûгȥ
ŵһĻ۾ԲϵʧȥԽԽ˥ϣϢԽԽ
㣬㡭
ָˣΡΡ˵ʲôȴû˵
Ϊǰˣ״ֻһЦһF롱漴Ƴ
꣡
ЦᡱľĲӣͬľͷһ۶ϣϢ׶Ͼò
˼״һ֮ɫһ˦֣㽫ʬ壬·һ˳ȥײڴһǣءһ졣
漴֣Իͳһѩ׵˿˲ȾѪָתˡ
㣡
ڣ˻Ȼ㶼ʧ޴ĺ֮С
ħ
˾ɫԺˣ֮䣬һζֱӱŵʧ
һͻɱаɽ̫ϻһ֣׼װ벽ġЦᡱľ꣬һĻʵ̫ģڳϣҲʧ
˵˭˾˵ʵ
˵һĻԭΪЦᡱľûз˴һ־Ƕɱ֣ǣ׼װ벽ʵжǿ󣬲˵
ʹδ͡δȾ֪죬ΣգҲһвԣܡ
ǰȴΣնûиоܣֱӾͱһƻɱһ¶˵ʵʵ˸еľ
˶ţʹԵУЦᡱľҲԲĶ֣Ǵ˵ʵ׵ʲôľأ
Ƕװ벽ķ
Ϊ֮ǰû˵޵绹һĶ֣δδš
ݵ֮󣬴ڣһƬš
˶ضˣȲ·߲ˡ
ħ
ֱаһħٴδ˵еĳš
ˣаеһʱĲǾϲǻҡ
漴뵽ʲôֱ㣬ҲѧŮᣬ΢΢˹һݡ
һĻñͷڵаɽˣٴλȻ
һаɽӣǸɫ
ȻվڡŮһȺˣҲ룬ֱһߡµһɫ۾壬Ǻµ˼㡣
վĵġ£ʱҲ˫۴ͣһʱµĺ֮С
û뵽а䱳Ȼˣһһǿһֱ֣ӽ̫ϻЦᡱľɱɱ׼װ벽ɱ
һԼ򲻿ǶԷĶ֡
ôô죿ǹͶǹˣһ
ֻǣͶѳɶ֣ԷĻ
Լ֮ǰıһУȴ˼ʮĻᣬľʧȥ
ֻһл᣿
Լ˵ʵǶԷĶ֣¾аɽ߲ȫͶһˣ˺ֻҲԷһɱġ
Ծзս£ʵ̫ˣûз⣬νķһҲֻע
עҪһк壿
ȼװͶԷܱסһСȻʧȥ˼̳аɽĻᣬպرǧܹӲдš
һʱת±ϾǳסˣƶʣµһСͬʱͶҲû˿ϲ⡣
Ŀ⣬ȴڴתѰת
ȻĿ䵽һɫӰ֮ϣȻ֮䣬һ
ƴһˣ
Ҳʧܾվ˶ԷĶ棬ʹͶҲ·Ӷ࣬Ǻβһƴ
οԼҲȫ޻ᡣ
뵽ǵɫӰףԼһĶԣܽ˳ɱа䣬һ˳ļ̳дλһսõ˵ͬ
Ͼ֮䣬澳ͷаɽԼǸһˣͬɱħһλħԼݣλǡ
˭Լڣǣ
뵽ˣٲԥһ˲еųη֮ģű۴쿴ҿ쿴ааħڻɱ̫ϻ˳˺ޣܲаɽӣٹšնɱаСˣħȵħţ
ܶаɽĹĴڣȫټ˹ȥһʱۼ˾͸ˣƸʢ
УԲܸıǵĸֻ֣֮ǣ½ļ仰ȴñа䣬һɣһ¶ɫһߡ
ȴĿת۾Ȼ䵽˵ԾվİڴΪ׵ġ˾죬ף𻷡ϣ
سϣ˾үһ֣ĳɱаС˺ħȵħԷΣаɽһҲǸλš˽ղݻ°
ҪǣȻħ֣Ϸλ뿪й©Ϣ
뱣аϴλҲλ֣ͬնݳѡλŽᣬֻܱԷƣ˭Ҳ²аɽ
䣬аħУڵ⣬һƬ󻩡
űߵˣһ漴Ӧиǲ¶һƬɫ
ûѣǻûӦڲףԭԼΪֻһֵĹս֮٣ͻȻһĪķ粨
ղ֣˵бԷСնɱڴ˵Ŀܡ
һʱΣǸڴ硰𻷡壬Ľ޺ޣꡰϡˣҲǲɫһ䡣
ǵĿɫеġ£վͬһİˣվ֮ǰ̫ϳϣףɫһʱɲ
ֻһˣɫ죬һЦûпֺһ˫ֱۣԹۣ֪ʲô⡣
һɫۣŽɫƣϴһߣţǱˣǴ˴аɽֽ䣬ʳڴ˵Ĺˣ塰˾졣
ģȲƺݣսӣȴƺ׼аɽԼˣ̬ȹģһʱ˴󲻽⡣
Ļһ
ѵԼĲ֮٣ûԸ֣
Ȼо䣬һĳȵס
ޱߺڰ


790 պ
ֹǡ£칤ɽɽ𻷡壬ڽ֮һĽ޺ޣꡰϡˣ״Ҳһ
ʳġ˾춼Ը֣ڳˣмˣе뵨ֲĴڶϣ
ƫƫ˾̬ȼŹ֣һ㲻άֹƽʳ˾˾ӦУɵ
ֻǣҺڴֵĶ󣬲⡰˾죬̫ϳס
ԣȻ˳⣬ʿܴ˻ǽϣĿ⣬վ֮׵ꡣ
Ը֣Ȼ뵨ϡ
ײʣڳаڵˣܸɣԸԴ֮Ϊų
˶ף´˾٣ǿԼǷûʤ㣬Դϴˡ
аɽӣǰڴŽһһ֣а䣬ΧɱˣѲлĻᣬҲ˻档
Ȼֻ̣ǣ˻治ò֡
Ȼаɽ䣬пܱһ硣
֮һаɽħȽˣ˵ƿˣպڣҪԵĶֶһ
͵ʵһɣֵʵȴһɡ
ɵԱȣ˳Σö˵
οħȱ˵ö֮ĶаɽɽȥպԼˣ뿪аɽ˵ۣ
ǿǰڴаɽ֦ͬ
ȻСϣǻгͻħ֮Ĵ¼ϣȴǱҪŽһĵġ
µС˼Ȼɶ񣬵Ҳȷֻһ·ߡ
Ҫǣ˶ףȻǿ󣬵䷨ֻܹô࡭˵ԷǶװ벽š
ҪĪֶһİǻΪЧС
ԣԷȻɲ⣬ʵǿһͻɱаɽ̫ϻԼߣһλʵķ
ֻҪ붯׳֣˶ţ˭жǿԼһӮ
Ǵ˿̵˼һףȴĴ𰸡
űߣͫӦѩˣҲվԭصġ˹ȥ
ʵУѴ𰸡
ֻǴʱ˿̣ǻǲܵ˸Ⱦ뿴ѡ񡭡
аɽˣ硰£λµдаɽڣڵӣǽϣȫǱߣдſ
еգһʱŵϢ
а䣬һȺˣҲס
Ҳͬף׳֣ԼϣãԷԹۣԼʤ㼸ǰٷ֮٣һʱҲס˺Ϣ񽹼
Ȼһ졣
ͨ
аɽߣΪ׵ġ£ڿֲѹ֮£ڡ˾Թ۾ľ£֪ľݣٹ˲
һϮֱۣһãڹڵأһ˻ߺسԮ֣аɽм²ͬм
ǰԮ֣
һĻ˻ھ㵣˷Ӧ졣
µ̹£һߺ
аɽӣһ̶ɫ죬ǿǰһƬаɽ߲㣬ȻһҧҲƬĹڵء
ǰԮ֣
ǰڰ֮꣬аɽ
ǰ²аɽ

УԷθ
˵о֮ӣ˵ģȷʵ
аɽڰȱһӴֻʣڡаɽֱͶħȣ²ԣȷһ£ھ
ǶڶԣҲǺ£ǴŻĿʼ
״һֱĬǵΰɫӰ΢΢һ
̤ǰһϵĲɣϢͬתɲǼȴûȥܹڵصЩаɽ߲͵ӣǿʮİӣȻڵµѣþò
þòף
΢Цţתףһոֵİɫ˿ȻѣһغһаɫƬٴһ𣬾ͷ·ɢȥֱʧ
ţʲô
׶ˣд󲿷аɽӣԼڴ޲ͬʱһϲ
׳棬ԼߵڶһλаⳤϣԼаɽųϵӣϰˣа䣬ƶᣬԼһСȺϺзһ벻Ӯѡ
ֻǣʲô
֮߳󣬲ǳְаɽԸˣȴкԷȻҲ΢Цԣƺʶҹϵǳ
״дϲġ£д䣬ǲ˲һ׹ߡ
ҲԷ߸ɴֻҪԹۣմ£аɽǧҵػ١ԼҲǾ֮ء
ֻǣ׽һ仰ȴǷϲϲת
ǰþòʮ˰ɣһɺãպã
׻˵µĲɣһ˿ı
ţã
˻һýԾһʱš
ֹаɽˣǰڴ硰𻷡壬Ľ޺޵ˣĿɿڴԼĶ䡣
ʲôãĸãպã
¼ҵã
ⰵˣɱаɽ̫ϻİˣ¼Ǹʧʮ꣬ħġպãеߺ֮ף
һ̣У׹ԺȫȫһƬհס
иһˣʧ̬۾ǰˣһϮʤѩɫѩףԼ۾ʲô˾Ǵ󲮣
ŽѩӰʣȻǱ徳ʿϣŹʣڡḡһ֮£⡰𡱣һǰаɽμӳֽģ¼һһˡ
ԭʤѩ
ʹţͱ˼һģ
ȻҲû뵽ײУɱаɽ̫ϳϣҪȺħˣȻ¼ʧжʱĴ
һ̣֮ӣԼɣ㾡ˮϴ塣


791 ʮ֮ս
˶ǰˣôش
Ȼ׺֣Ϊߺ֮׵ġպã˲š
պʧѾãµʲôʱħȵħһֶײУͻɱһλаɽ̫ϻ
ǰɲ˰
ʤѩǽضˣԸŹһ˿һԴȷԷݡ
Ըţֺħͷ˵еħħ¼ʧѾõļ¼ҵİ꽾պá
˭֪ԷҲûпһۣĿУֻһϮ£վġףڵǰþò
䣬ʲô˫Ŀбһž⣬ٴεڵʮ겻־Ȼǿϲɺأ
ţ
˻һڳܶ˵һ˲ٴδ󻩡
˴ȻԳݣ
ֻһܣǡպãߺ֮ף롰һ콾
󲮣㣿
ʤѩΡΡصɫ԰ѩ
һ̣ܵĴ֮أƽĳһʱͬ⣬ƽ
ҡ
ʤѩڻعͷһ˫һӣһۣ漴ƺϳ΢Ц˵ͷ漴Ȼ֣ժԼϵߡ
ժϵİߵһ̣аħƺȻһԭɭħȻù
һݰ
׷£Բɣ죬мһӢ·Ĺմʦֹ̣һֲܼһʧɫʱŵЦ
һ˫۾̶£ƺɽˮǧ꣬վһۣԵֹϣš
ֹʤѩ˶ˡ
վűߵͫӦѩҲ⡣
ǻûпӡ
ȻЩ׹Ϊʲô˳֮Ϊռһ¡ҹ¿һģΪ۷
ΪʲôԼʦãڽҲ
ʵһħӣŮӣֻҲᶯģơ
вֵܳĴڣһ˿һܸĶվһվɢĹâ۾ʧ
ǡպеߺ֮ףѾʧʮĴڡ
ٴγ֣ע䶯µķ糱
㡭㡭ⲻܣܡʤѩţŰ㲻ҵĴ󲮣ǡٵģǼٵġ
ͻȻ䣬Ⱥзһźʤѩ˳ȥġ
һѩһ˶ȴʧȥеķȣһΪҲʧӰ١ƽʱɭ֣Ҳƽء
ոһС·ֻʮȻ̲סһ֦鵹һ£ѩ׵˲Ⱦۺڡ
ּ֪ͬǰܣƶĥƣʯ̳ɵɽȾʺĺۼ
׵ԽԽСԽԽСɼ
ʤѩǲԸ۾ʵ״ֱӿ񱼶ȥˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥպܷлָ
˶֪ʱڣ϶Ƿˡ
Ŀ˾һĻԭеĽȻ˺аħʤѩеһʱԵԭͣҹӵţ飬ʧ
һ̣Ҳһˡ

һΣպ¶һ˿顣
΢΢̾ϢһȻٴεͷ̧ͷ˷֪ʱٴΰǷߴȥ
ն¼㣬Ҳˣĳ
û˵ȥĿⷴһһֵķٴλָ֮ǰɱ˵ķ緶ϵϢĮתͷһվĻףڵ
ʮ겻ףգҪֹĳ𣿡
״׺ȻҲ̾ϢһãǺαأǺοࣿ
ߣ
˭֪պԣֻһЦغƺƣصЩ֪֮Щʲô½һƾǱʵܴգ˽硣
Ҫңڣֻ뿪˽磬뷪ȥ׷ߵľ硣⣬ֻнħ棬죬ǲпܰ쵽£
Ŀ⣬Ϊ͵֮ޣйν£άƽȴ֪ңزʣһ㷲ʲôֻҪͻƽ磬ʱ½ӭνġˡ塣
㣡
ԣ¶һ˿ƣû˵ȥ֪Ȱ˵Ҳá
ͬ˵Ƕࡣ
ؿڵνɡʮ֮ǰһսδʤʮ֮һξ֮սʤתͷߣܣѪȣһɣ

ԣöȻЦ׷
Ȼ̧֣һۻÿ£ֱɳʯ¡¡𶯵⣬һȦͬһɫ⻷
ָ֣ġףڴЦףĳһܾˡ
ʮ֮ǰҶ۷һսոԳΪ֮ףһΪʤĳһգĳҪɾ˷㣬ǲǻͬķɣ
Ը˵̫խʩչǻطɣ
ԣҲһתȻҲպãһݣѾһֻɫ񣬾ȻԾ˵ƶֱһתʮ֮ɽ۸ȥ
պԥһ£ĿڴվļһӶգٲԥһݣҲ֮׷ȥ
˵ӰʧԽԽԶգ۾ͱСڵ㣬Զɽʧ
ߺУȴһƬţ漴׻Ȼ


792 ս
ʮ֮ǰ⣬Ʒۣ徳ʿĻ
һսУ룬¡
һ֮ףӣףһ¼콾ߺ֮ȣպá
˵ķţһΪһΪպ죬յƺˣʱǵٹ⣬Լɵĺ䶯
ʮ겻ǴΪϣ漴ȴѾһ˵
֮Գɷǧź
ڣʧʮ֮õġպȻٴγ֣һ־ͻɱһλ׼װ벽
Ϊֵֽ˺εȵĵز
֪ѾͻƷԸһսһУԼġ
ʱ˿̣ʮǰ츳ͬ׶ٵߺ֮ףպãľֵ
Ƕװ벽ҲѾͻ˷
ҪǧųһλҶҪ֮۰Դпͳһλµķ
ڣǡҲԼأǿʲô
ѵǿħȻĲ
һ뵽ˣ뵽ԭǰںʳרħȾȻҲ˵ħȣе߸½֮ܣ
뵽ˣ˺Ȼһ˲з
ҪǣȻ˶ʱȷպõʲô磬ֻɱľֶΣҲ֪ʹǷҲʤͨ
ûõڵʵжֲ
Ҫ֪Цᡱľ꣬ǿаɽִֵһˣ߽װ벽۷壬׼װ벽Ϊ
£һ֮Уһ¶
ȡɣԾľ
˵ʹԵУЦᡱľҲɲһж֡
ʵ뷨ڵġ׶ϣʤϣӮĪ⣡
ʮǰףףպãƷ۷ֵû뵽ջٻ֮ڡ
Ҽ֮ʱͳɵˡ
ؾۣһ׾ʮǰƷһսգֽ˭ʤ˭
ؽ𾪴½һսٰڵӣȻһڣҲȥһʢ
ҪǣպþȻΪħȵħһ𾪴½Ϣ˶ϣĽʤǰܣ
ʤˣ롣
ˣҲҪۼλߺ֮׵Ľ֡

ڵӸȥ룬аħǰʱʣȣ඼аɽӣһ¿ࡣ
аɽûȥΪڵӸΪ
аɽ˭ܵȨ˭ʤԴǲģҲᡣ
аɽӲͬ
ǴʱѾֳμɣպߣ֮ʧȥ˵вȨ֮սؽٴο
ʤߣȻٹ⣬պΪаɽȨһɣҪ÷磬Ҫꡣ
һʧܣҲԤϣǼֻҪôɱҪôΪʷ˵һ³
ÿ˶ǣУ벻վλѡ
ԣغˣûţû档
¡롰պһսǰ֮۷һսҲûȥģȥᡣ
Ҳ
̫ϳףȻδһʤʱսҪ˵ʧܣӲš
ȥ￴ȴʲô
ۣǷһ֮սܲ֡
ʱ˵أƾʵԸһλ߽װ벽ҲδóδûŤתƣıһЩʲôȻڴ˵أ֤һߵս
ͫӦѩˣͬʱȥۣߵսûȤ
˶ԣһʦ𣬱ȻϵΣпԭߡ
һֻ۷ȤаɽȨûʲôô
ܼ֤һ۷֮սδزܶԼӰ죬һʵķ
֮սʮֺģҲѵһΣȻŹ
οһˣ̫ϳϣȻҲʤΪϵԼˡ
⣬һˣҲЩۿֵİڵ֮УٶӰ
˾һֱվڡ׺Ҽ
ٶȣ糸һ㣬ȻڳٶȶҪһֻ֣ǼԾʧӰͬͶԶççȺɽ֮С
һĻֻ˿ڴ˶ԣʶʲôҵļȻһСġ
ֻ΢΢һ漴׹һЦûж໰Ȼаɽߡ
Ƭۣ֮˲ۼһڵӣԼǿߡ
Ƭ֮漴껲ʻһΪɫһΪɫսõضɽҡ޹⡣
аɽߣҲܵһЩӰ죬żִҡεľӲһᡣǱһսսж༤ң
Ҳ˵ʵжߡ
պþȻ·磬ͬչʾ˳սùս֮ʵڵһ۾֪ǲ²ⲻ顣
պãȻƾħȵǿҲռ㹻Դټĳ׿ʣѡ
䣬һ𷨵ǿߣǿߣϧȴħȵĳԱΪ¡
ĿǷųħ棬ϣϽ硣
ħ»䣬ȴͬš
Ŀ˽һĳ̶ȡ

ɽǱߣѣ޹⣬ʱаɽߣҲûϾȥᡣ
Ϊףսȥͷ·ͷϵķӡ򿪣ͷʧȥͷѹǵʯʱȺħ裬սٿ
ڴڵˣȻһ㣬ͬʱӦ˹
ʱ˿̣Ѿֻʣа䣬ᣬ޾̣Լᣬ޾ƶӵȡɳ֮Ϊ׳һɡ
Լһߣаɽɽ֮һ£λµԼųаɽӵɵģϳһɡ
Ȼлûаɽһλ̫ϻš಻Լڴ칤ɽɽ𻷡壬ڡĽ޺޵ȡмһɡ
ԼĪ⣬ѱ˼ʳ塰˾죬Īһɡ
˫عƽ⣬ʱ˿̣˫ݶԷ
˭϶ץסõĻᣬȺۣɱ֣ضаɽλ
Ȼ
ԭһĳȵף׹汻򶯣Ȼĳ֣ˡպúһĶʱٴλԾ
ʵȻֽ٣ֻԼ޵ˣȲԷа䣬ᣬ޾ǣվһ
аɽռаɽͽľųϣԶаһ˿ɱȡ
Ҫǣռݣ
аɽƶᣬ̸޾̣ȻͶа䡣
ڣȴֱĿɽʵħȵħ֮һպãЩˣͳ˺Ķ
׳֣أЩ֮ˣҲϣ϶Թۡ
Ȼٴκվűߵ칤ɽ𻷡壬ڳĽ޺޵ˣĿ˸ֻص˵Уվˡµ
һǿٴơ
ǿǿ߸ʤѾԼ
ڻаɽӣܲѹֲ´˷ܵ»۵УһǣعۿһĻ


793 赸
û˿ԭһߣĪʳ˾죬ڡվµףȴ仯һ¡
漴ŵж֮ʣˣ֪١
Ƭ̺һɫаɽӷɫ԰ף£סͷĹӣִӵ룬ߵ˴ƵġƷ桱аһߡ
ͬʱһϢа䣬ᣬԼ޾˶С
ԭǿƣήҵ˼˲һ𣬾Ȼٴηų⻪
аһһЦ£аɽɽ֮λɸаĳһսʤаĳԸ˫ַ㴦ãܣ͵ԲãȺǰˣΣ

ԼռϷ磬쳤Ца䣬Ϊĳ˽Դа츳ˣĳ쵹аɣĳҪʲôʦΪΪ
˵߳һ쫷磬޶֮γɡ
а䣬ɫĮֱ֣ĹųǹУԴȫԸ
״ҲҵŲ΢ţƹǹ˫һϣȻһһõİɫָγɣƺˮ˸
аɽڹаĵ쵶ʽ
ȻҪ鵶аһս֪һս֮ش󣬺Ȼ˶ҪȫԸһս֮λ֮
˭ʤ˭˳̳аɽȨ
±ҪôֻҪһ£аǱ߱ضܿ䡭
̫ˣʮ꣬ΪһգȻԸŹҪһˣ˶͡
а䣬Ҳȫûаʮǰͱ˳֮ΪаɽڶɽУһսҲ־ڱصá
ˣɽ۵׺ãһ۷֮սɴ˶
аɽ츳ڵͽ״ӣƷ桱а䣬аɽڶɽ߽װ벽ڵġ¡
˽Ϊаɽɽλ
ڣаȶˣžһһгǹǹƷ桱ʱ綾˲
һˮ״ĺɫǹЯž˵һ˲ļĿģ
ǹУͬһߣ֣·ɫǹ⣬ǹӰɽ飬ɱӿ
֮䣬ƺֻʣǹӰҲ
аľѩһǹٴγ֡
ϡźǧʱа䶼ûжƷǹȫƾڶԵСʱ֪սʧȻſȫԸһҪ˲ɱ£ռȨ
״Ҳɫ΢漴ͱΪЦ
ֻˣգڡ
䣬ٲԥ˫һƣóʱһһ
һ͸粨Ŀֲɨֱˣӵ޾
쵶ʽһУŭ
ǹ鵶ڰн㣬ǳ󺣣Ľֲ֮ȻһƺҪ
а䣬ˣΪһ٣漴ٴӭϣΪԷֶʵľ
ʱ˿̣ȴ˭ҲûɣƱһսж
״ƺ˵ߣѾ֣ҲֻǸɿš
аһɫ˳ۣ˰˵аɽƶᣬڡպ뿪֮վ
ʱĿȻȻһЦ߳Ӫָ
һȺආ˸뱾һս
״Ƭ̣һվ棬ɫصص̣
ˣ۾࣬һɷƣҲһСɫ
֮޵
ˣʹΪаɽ֮һŮҲɫ΢΢仯һ˿ء
漴һЦܺã֮УֻǸ߽װ벽ڣȷʸ뱾һսɣ
ָ̣
޵֪ʵᣬҲϻֱȳ֣һ֣ǰ޵߹޽ơ
һһɫӰĳڰһСɽģƾˣ澪졣
״ƶЦһ⣬΢ת˾ͷ·һ㣬нӰΣһһȫܿ޵Щ
ͬʱָ߲֮ɫת漴Ϊһ󣬳µİ޵ٻȥԽԽ
ָ֮ϣƺſȼ
ƻָ
״µİ޵ɫ䣬̲رܿȻνġƻָʮּɵС
漴ҲӲƴ޽ƣΪֻʱ䣬սʤ
ƶҲΪ⣬ʲôУ⡰ƻָԷԴϷ磬
ĿսţۿƣٿҪҪУֳʤǰ֧Ԯ
޵ƶսһһʱƺҲѷʤ״µһۣ漴Ҳͬʱ߳
ԷӪУĿǰʣΨһһ֣Ϊ׵һ˿ڵܻӥ޾̣ĴаɽΪУҪаħΪа䣬һ𣿡
˳üȻλҲֻ·ϣ̸ͬһսˣ
ߣ
ԣվԶġ̸޾̣ɫ仯˼ΣƺͨʲôһЦʤΪ߿ܣĿǰʤδأаɽҪ˵ôȻ󵽵˭аɽһȺС˵㡣
ɣ
һۣҲ̤֮ĳλʵʲôˣ
˵꣬һʱ䣬¶ֻɫ۵ƣаɭȻĳѾ˫ƣֻλһս
״ʣλ༴ֱǸ߽װ벽ڵнװ벽ڵ˵Լнװ벽ڵĵһۣٲԥ̤һͬ޾̳֡
УԸ߽װ벽ʵǿ֮Уһֻһİ޵֮¡
ˣʵҲС
촺֡ɷָԼˮ䡱޵󹦷ʱһʩչƾˡ
ѷһнװ벽˵ͬʱʩչһʱ䣬ʽ裬ͬͬɫϡ̸޾̵ĳ־ѧһս
һʱ䣬аħУֳݣսüң¶ԡƷ桱а䣻޵ԡƶ᣻ս̸޾̡
µаɽӣҲ׽˺ɱ
аǱߵаɽӣҪٵöֻܹ࣬һǶԷűĵӶ֣ۿֻ̼䡣
ؽʱ̣״һڣٻһͷ裬Ƿһ̵λµĻƽߣ벽ʽߣս
˲䣬Щͼһͷ޵Ķ֣߼߼С
ټʽӴһɨʮ˱ɣɲʵаɽͼĲ
һʱ䣬аǱߵаɽӼ״ʱ׳磬β淴ɱ
ڶ࣬ռƵߵӣ˲أһͷʽԼаɽӵĶ֣׷׳˱ܣҲ̶á
һʱ䣬ǵǹɣӰң϶ֶϱ۵ĲҽУаɽɽ
ʥׯϵаɽλ䣬һͷβս
Ȼͣаɽĸڹӣһãֻþ˱ܣÿսԸϽȥ
һĻҲһз𣬸еĪ
˭뵽һ¡صĳֽ䣬Ϊ޵ѵõʢ£ȴݱ˽֮״ֱš⻹°֮һаɽ
һԼΪڵӵݶоһȡ
ʱ˿̣ǵһξãҲˣڷУȷǳȻ⣬ʥ
һ֮֮ΣҲ᲻ϧһдۡ
ٴʢֲ˵ҡ
Ϊ˵̰ǧµһаڣڵһ׳
΢ϣֵһᡣ


794 ɱ
ʱƺڴһֹгѪɫѪɫɫ
ЩӶֱ飬Ϊڵаɽ߲ˡ
ڵ֮վаɽһλ̫ϻš಻ڷһĻĻҾֻŹȵֲסƵҲдŭ
ǸȨλαػаɽǧҵ
а֮սȥܣ밢޵֮սںΧ̸ǧ꺱ڷҵһĻҲᡣ
ǣƶٻԼ裬ʽɱеͼаɽӣѪȶҵһĻȴֱ۾ͨ졣
ֲָһ밢޵һսġŮᣬŵص̶㡭
ȻָֻһЦᡣ
״š಻ҲƲסĵķŭһٹȣһߡ
˲䣬һߣһԲεĺɫʱ߹մ֮ӿͷڵŰɱİ裬ʽһ١
漴һ˦ֱӳ֣ɱͷʽߣµڶаɽӡ
ֻǾʱһӰʽЩаɽзɳȴһаɽɫӷΣɫ԰׵ˡ
ֻڰգһ־ʹһɫĽ⣬š಻ɱһ»ȥ漴ԾǰֱӲмؿڵţĶң
ʲô
š಻аɽڣƢơŹˣɽҲҪӣʲôʱ
һʱ䣬ֱӱˣеɫ߹գһɫ壬ֱˣжһЩӡ
Ҫ֪аɽԭˡЦᡱľ֮⣬ڶǿߡ
ڡЦᡱľǵһ֣߽װ벽۷ľ磬аɽУڶ롣
ڣȴһӣȻҲ֪սֱ
Ȼ˲мһЦֻһ֣ŷЩɫ壬ȻȫɢûжɷֺӰ졣
ʲô
ںһ˲䣬سӰٴγ֣в֪ʱһɫĹŽһ֣һŵĽ⣬ն
ЩŽ⣬īһһǳм͸ŨŨϢĲ
ǣ񽣷
һʱ䣬ɫ䣬ϵһ¶֮ɫȻϳŽ֡
ɲ֮䣬ҲСԷ֪аɽڣһλӣ˱Ǳ˼ðʱƶЩʱ
˵Ľ⣬ø߽װ벽۷ĴڣܵΣգв
߾
״Ҳҵ鲼ȫɫ㣬ɫӿγһͷ޴ߵצس˹ȥ
С
Ȼ˸мһˣ񽣷ڹ⴩󣬼أͽٻĳɫ˺⣬ɫƲҪƾ졣
ã
š಻״ʧɫҲ˲õ±ŰЩаɽеͼӣһݣƮչǷϰա
һԥһҧƵϣȻֳ⣬Ȼ⸲֮ЩƷɿ쵭ȥգ۾Ȼָһ
ȴһóаɽڱ䣬аĵ䡷еĵľ񹦣
ɫȣȻۿɼ˲䣬仯һ֧Ө͸ɫȣ֮ˣһֲקβâ߳ˮգգ۱سǰ
е˼ˡ
΢һ㣬۾ٿȻſ˫۱һƬ֮ɫǧǳΪһƬǿա
һۿʽкɫŽٴһ㡣
ͣ
ƴĺɫ価ȥβһյ֧ʯȻ·𶹸һ㣬һֱһе
ãλѣһ֮аɽܶɹ֮٣мպ֮ˣаɽһҪֻҪܼƴǣ
̶̼УſʵȻԶԶ˵Ķ֡
Էʵֲ֮񽣷֮ľȻĺ֪Լһˣ򲻿֧ţİҲòԮ
ԣԥһ£ۣҲԹۡ
ڽ֮һĽ޺ޣꡰϡһۣͬʱԾس֮սв˽ȥ
ǺȻһδĽѳԼϵ޺񽣣ˢһ⹥˹ȥǡǡسŷһ⡣
ꡰϡ಻ãžһƹѧƷ֮һơ
˼룬Ŷٸɲ٣мһۣλѽ֮಻ֻҪղպк񱨡
ǰˡ
Ľ롰ϡˣɫϾʱû˼ϻٴγ֣нƣسӰƷ벽
ż״дϲ漴Ľһ߽װ벽϶سӰŷսƽ֣һʱѷʤ
սһʱ뽺ţķսǻнˣѷʤ
ֻдУΪš಻ﱻسӰסͷޡʽߡƣڴɱķ
аɽеͽ׵˲أ޵֮˷
Щ˼֪ӲҲ·һʼɢӣ˾Ȼżаħ֮ȥаɽһʱǴҡ
ʽ߹ɲֵңܿĴսʱڵǵЩڵҲˣ״ãҲ׷׳ȥ
״۾һԥ
ǰⳡ棬ҲԤ벻˵ƽʱаɽаɭɭʱ˼˶˱Ҳ
ʱһͷޣڴе׷ɱԼͬ࣬Ϊͬڵ֮һаɽӣͷߵŰ֮£û취֯Чĵֿǲϧ֮ġ
ȻͷޣʽߵĶ֣ǣסһ˲ǰõġ
ֻǾԥǲҪ֣аɽڵһȵʱ򣬺ȻȻһһֱǿҰ޶סΣС
һͷͿΣͷڣλ칤ɽɽ𻷡壬ְæаɽڵӣаɽ̫ϻšĺУҲš
ʱһƬңΣϾ˵£ĳԼ߿ƺ⡣
״ͷһ㣬ȻӦã
ұ䣬ôһˡ
칤ɽɽ𻷹壬ԼԼͫɱ֮
֮ǰڵʱ򣬶ԷΡ
ڡΪպ뿪ȥۣڴ˵ء
Լеð֣ѩӦѩ飬ͫͫҲ׷ǰս
УʣӣȻֻʣԼһˡ
𻷡壬ǿᣬ֪£ע⵽ΪɱҲõʲôϵĿһٽɱȻ޻аħڵս
ʱ򣬼ʹ֪ŵĶҲ׷鲻ʲô׷ϡ
úݵļƻɱңҲûôף
״ٹ˲ôп޵аɽӣԼԱҲϾпȥܱˡ
ºԥֱһת˳ȥҪݱܷâѰᡣ


795 ڤ
ֵ磬ټʵǿ
ԴӰںϽӰ֮ѾһЩͨĵƷ֮£ˣһӣٶȾȻȡ𻷡ƺԿһߡ
һ˵ţֻתתӼ䣬ȻͶԶһ֣ʧ
𻷡β׷ȥȻûзӰĴѰңҲûпӰһʱôŭ
ŭһ̧㣬һɫɨͰѸһСƬָƽȻȻģ˴õĻᣬһΣδؾеڶΡ
ĴתܴɱһĴѰӰѰɱ֮Աɱ֮
ȴ֪Զһ֮£Ŀ⳯ıӰۣȻ΢΢һЦԴͳһźɫߡ
ͨͬʣУȴ̫֮ƽǻǧǮ򣬺ȴûʲôõϵķٻ֡
ҲûʲôЧãǿԸʶݣΪ߸һŲͬס
ʱ빴һλ칤ɽɽϣǺʵʱ칤ɽȫ濪ս
Ͼһλ칤ɽɽϵش
칤ɽϲ鵽ףĲݡ
Ȼߣ鷳ǾݱһʱԷ治ݣҲ
ʱ򣬹־ֶֻܹԷԼˡ
֣Ļóһˮģ漴ͷǺɫִϡ
ָ棬漴ڻСϷ죬ܲ͸硣
һӣԻʩչһˮۣˮеԼȻѾȫİһףӸ䣬ɫԺڣʮֹ°
ǼΪʶ֮ˣȻûпϵóԼ
ΨһԼϴɫˣԷעԼãȻϵó
Ҳûֻ뽫һˮȻǷע⡣
룬á𻷡ȥȥһ׷ԼӰʱ˳ȥڵһ߸ոаɽʬһ˲ͽϵĳɫ¡
ٽԼİɫ£ջش䣬ŴϳɫͷȻһаɽͨӡ
߳ʩʩȻ߻ص˴
ֻû뵽ǣһصΪɫȻҲΪһȺµӹĶ󣬶ԼߣȻơ
֪Լղżȡʬ壬Ȼаɽƶµİѱ֮һ
һɫԲȦеġ֣˵һС
벻սҲˡ
ΪԷֻҪֱСֵƶӾɱ粵
ǰЩͶµƶͰˣ֪һ㣬һʱȻΣС
ҵǣʽǰ赲λӣΣջ̫
ټʵһȺͼУȻ磬Ա㹻
Ϊ̫˵ע⣬΢һЩʵֻûͱ˲ΪһЩŹʺڴ˶ãȻЩ֧穡
ʱ˿̣Ŀ΢ɨȻ֣Ⱥһֱûڴŵ³Ϻ¥³ϣֱǽС͡ơģƺڿȥʽɱһߵĵͼӣһۣͬʱһһݣȻǰеʽ˹ȥ
һнװ벽۷Ĵͬʱ֣ȻֱӾͻɱͷ׼׵۷ޣʽߣҲǣ󲿷ݾ˴ʧˣҲ޷ɱͨаɽӡ
ǷڶаɽӼˣȻ񣬿ǣסͷͷ۾ʽߣʱ
ΣһʧǺȻղŸڽ󣬶ɱаߵаɽʱ˫Ŀ죬ͬп׷׳Χٹ
һа䷽ӣʱƧСۣм֧ţƵƵΣƺʱ㸲֮
״Ȼ־¾
һ־࣬һȭԼаɽӣһĳԼϵġְƣսȦΧȥ
տʼʱܶ˻ʶλղųֺаһɵӣ׷
Ȧ⣬ֳˡְƣֲʶˡ
һᣬͷһݣڳݳȦ⣬ȻĿһתװߵаɽӣװģаɵаɽӹȥ
аɽһϱ˺ѵ䣬ԥһ£ǵͶЧƶӣûг
һаɽУһʱ
ֲɱˣֻǲ뱻ɱѣʶ֣Ŀȴܴ
һ΢΢һ
Ϊ֪սȦΧȻȦ뵽Ȧ
Ա߲ԶǴڵĴҪս֮һƷ桱аԡ¡
ҲûʲôΣգаɽӣֲܶվһ߹սע⣬һߺҳ֣һĿ⣬ȴɳսȦеġƷ桱а롰¿ȥ
ȴôʱ䣬Ѵ𣬴ʱһһǧ֮Ҳƽ
ֻһۣҲز

аеƷ泤ǹ㣬̣¾һʽһʽԾԸӣǧǹӰ
Ȼ˾ʽǾþѹ´š塱֮Ƶġ£аһʱЩˡ
ŤͷһԼⷽˡƶߣռϷ磬սţԶʱڷֳʤ
ʽǱߣ¥ϳֵסԼߵĵȴ·磬˵
һŭаڲٲ׾˲ǹ˫ȻһϣʹóһµĹ
ƣ
ƲаɽڵƷպôħȵıȡ͸ģ˵ΪʺĽƷ
һǵصĺɫӰЯ֮һʱ䣬аƴʢȻѹˡһ
״Ȼ־¾ҲȻת˴򷨣һݣ΢˰벽ȴһ֣ӴȡһöɢžӨ֮⣬ɫ׵ССᦡ
ᦳɫ֮ΣѪɫ˿ߣͬһɢŹѪɫϢ
Ʒ桱а״ͫɶȻһϳΪµĳرڤᦡ
һᦻӳǧ֮Ҷٻ񣬿аֵһ㲻ͨƷ֮¡


796 ľԿľ
ȡڤᦡ̲֮סЦа䣬¶֮ɫֱӳ֮һӡ
ҰС˲ӭǣգȴСѪɫƣҲƺ˹ɢŹɭϢ
飡
šµһȣǻҰ׾֮ϣȻͬˮӿֵĺɫС
ЩɫСεҲûбʵ̫࣬һҲгɰǧͷ
ЩɫСͬʱڤ֮ӿ֨֨ЦŶġƷ桱аӿȥ
Ʒ桱а״ƺڴӳʼлعһߡ
˲䣬ƴޣɫӰԽԽȻ·һƬ֮ƣкɫСȫС
飬飬飬顭
һкɫСڽӴǺɫӰ˲䣬ȫɨһգ֨֨ѽѽĲҽУɻ
¼״ȴûκγԾ֮ɫһЦĿаǱٻЩɫС
ȻʱȥаӰǿվҲʱ
ڤᦹȻһرСɱƺԴԴӿȻԽԽ࣬ԽԽ࣬չǧͷ
ɫСצ飬ȳǸ˶ῴͷƤ飬з䡣
ЩɫСվơƷ桱аܱߵĻ֣漴ӿߡһʱ䣬类ǧɫֽ˰Χһɫ
飡
Ȼ䣬ɫ֮УһХ漴һӰ
ӰһɫȻʱȴǱ֮ϣƳС飬Ǳɶɡʱа䣬ָӾˡ
ȫûĲƣһ˫۾֪ʱѾȫ˰ɫɫ֮Уƺɫͬһ㣬һ۾;ɭȻɲ֮
ľۣ֮
ΪаɽȼߵľֻĻĵһؾ磬еڶؾ硰ۡؾ硰ġؾ硰ǧһꡱ
ΪаɽߵȼȻûôס
ܶаɽɽʱ䣬ܿš
ڶأûʮϵʱ䣬Ѱ쵽
أҪọ̃ҲҪһ츳
ڵصġǧһꡱ˵ǿľ߾硣
˾һȥĿӣ֮ڣܰ﷽Բ˲ڱۻΪһܣūۡ
ľаɽɽڶصģв١
صģʮһ
صģаɽɽӦܹҲֻ˶ѡ
аõ⡰ʱӦọ̀Ͼġߡǧ࣬ǧҪ϶֮ǰ
ǣ̣Ҳûʮ֮á
Ȼܽڶ۵ľ磬ѾԾһ˵
츳㹻ޡ
һ˲䣬а˫ͫУɫĹʢ
̹Уƺһһ򳤻̣ͬǧ磬һ˵켣
áڤᦡٻЩɫСһӴЩ̹⣬Ȼһͬ㿾֨֨ĲҽУ˲ɢ
漴ɫĹ⣬ڡߣζʱһ٣ЩԿΣɫҲò԰ƺһһֵĶʧ
ۣ
аɽӿ澪ȺȻ˵һ䣬սȦеġ£ȻΪ
ոյһɽźǧģһĿľܲסѵɱ˰죬ոտϣĵڶɽҲҪ֮
ֻǣ˶ûϵǣΣƺܾ֮ġ£ȻһЦмߣа䣬Ϊֻľ𣿡
䣬һӣеڤᦼСΪһͻҰСᦣɻصĴ֮Уʧ
漴˫֮УҲͬð̹ͬ⻪
ֻ̹⻪а䲻ͬǣһһ֣չţлһ˿Өɫ
ľ㾳磬ģ
棬а䲻˼ؿһĻˣǲͬ𾪵Լ۾
ʲô˸ɽҲѧ˿ľһǵؾ磬ľĿľõ˴ؾꣿ
ѹ˾ȣ㶼Լеս
Ͼľаɽڷ䣬аĵ䡱еĵֻһ״
аľ˲ξ죬ϾʦаɽһɽڵĴ֣ߡǧ
аǰôľ˵Щ˹أҲȻ
Ͼȷаɽһ̳˵ݣô˵ЩΥ档˶ʹľֻһЩ죬һҲȻ
ǣӶ꣬˳֮Ϊ塱ĵڶɽҲᣬǾ˸еˡ
ԭΪԴӡߡǧսսѾֻСƷ桱аһ˻ʹаɽؾľ
û뵽һҲʹãҾ绹ڡƷ桱а֮ϡ
ֻ˵һµôʱԶа֮ϣϼʮꡣ
һЩԽתÿˣһ˼ڲɵûȻһʱá
Ʒ桱аʦаɽɽߡǧܵôľ˲֡
ǡµĸ˭ͬҲаɽɽһһаɽɽߡǧʦ֡
һλ϶Ҳǻľġ
ֻû뵽˷ǧ֮󣬾Ȼ͵͵ؾڸԼĶ¡
ǣΪΥŹ²ûм̳аɽɽλԸûʸѧϰ
ｫаĵ䡱ݣ˽ԴڸĶ£Υ档
ֻһֱ¶ûǰʹù⡰ľ˲֪ȻҲȥ׷¡
ʱ˿̣ԡƷ桱аʩչġľڶ㣬ۣ֪֮ǿ󣬽ʮɱκ˶˽ֲܸ
˵˴С˿ľܣȴᡣ
ԣףƾԼŶĶ֡ȻԸҲֻΥʹľâԹԹƷ桱аƣԷһֲ
Ȼ
µĿľһа䷢֮⣬Ȼʼһһ󽥽бͬļ
Ͼа츳ߣܲסµôطѾӽʮ꣬ʱ¸ãҲĹ裬Ľ߾磬Ȼѹаһ
ͬĹʣȻǾߵռţһʱ䣬а侹ȻٴαѹƣʱԼĿ֮ɣȻ󱻶Է֮ա
һ¿ס꣬а³
뵽ˣɫһԥ漴еԺԽԽγľȻһҧҲ˲ú
Ȼһ֣ӻͳһɫСƿеһԲĺɫҩ۾һգһţһͷȥ


797 
ࡣ
ʿˮ漴գ֮䣬Ʒ桱аϵĺǣԿֲٶ
Ǻɫĵҩ֪Ȼڶʱڣʵһ֮ࡣ
Сֵ
˼״ɾǼ˵ȵҩ
ɫĵҩȻħȷ̲һֿ͵ҩҲͷ֮áһ£ʱڣʵǣ֢ҲΪأٲ
Ʒ桱а䱻µصĿľѹƣҲ֪ľĿ£Լһ߿ܣ²ٿء
֮£Ųò²ߣͳñǸԷһСֵȥ
û뵽õ֮ա
ֻǴʱ˿̷̣СֵεȺΣ֮Ҳ˲ˡ
ҪڶԷĹ»˵
¡СֵƷа䣬ƿǣֻǵڶصĿȻѹˡѾصĿнаƵļ
һĻá²ɴ󺧣֪ǶԷõҩ֮ãԷƴˡ
һԥڲأȻһۣһɫ𣬷·֮зڶ֮桰Ʒ桱аӰ
£ΣҲʹԼɱﵣ丸֡ӡһ
ԡаĵ䡱׺ɵУԼĶΣա
ҲԼһ֮󣬱˶ĶӲԷ׺ĿľΪ˷һ
аڱӡС컯аڱӡһһһرֶΡ
һֱʩչΪ֪Լĺ֣¶ʧܣڣԱݡʱаýɵҩСֵһкʵҲֻбȣʹֶˡ

ڡƷ桱а롰սҴ֮ʱ⼸սţҲֳʤ
ȷֳʤģǡƶ밢޵֮䡣
ƶЦٻ⣬Ŀ⣬šƻָԷʵעߣֻߣвС
ʱۼһҪսǷаգȻȷ¡СֵȽɵҩ롰ƴ᲻΢
ˡ
ȻһͦҲ˲Ϸˣ޵һգ۾һȻһɫޡ֮ϣĳɫۣ˸ŰĹâ
аɽƷ֮һƷµޡ
һϷ˳۵ƶᣬһⳤޣжȻꡱ֮漴޺âţΪһųӰİ޵ߡ
߼״֪ԷѶ񣬶ʱ΢طת漴תһһڰ֮תһŴΣʵһʱǡ
޽ģѩ߻꣡
μˣ˫ȴţ̺Լȫܵһƣܴݷ嵹ɽ

⸲ǣƾţ뺣޲һ漴ɫ
һг䶨޵˫͹ضŶձ޶ġƶᣬð󼸸ŵ㣬㡭
漴һʱ裬ɣԳһһɫǣ·ҧĺۼ조顱һصԵȥϢȫޡ
аɽ֮ףΪߵİ޵ߣ
ƶ״мؿһۣ漴ٲԥζֱһˣͳšƷ桱а롰µǴսȥ԰а䣬Զһֿ丸·ӡǵ

һ档
裬ޡʽߡԱš¥ơλϵ֮ʣƶӣҲڶаɽӵĶ֣˵
ơλϣҲʽ߼¾аɽӣ漴Ҵˣ˵⣬ȻŵȥˣԽԽԶ
Ȼ·磬ϾǺһսķΣһͼӽоգȻֺ֧ܳһʱ䡣
ս̸޾̶ĺΧ
ҲǸ߽װ벽ֻ֮ȡ̸޾ѷλʵҲнװ벽֮
λȨأѧԲ٣Լаɽڹаĵ䡱еһصķаķʵǿ
ֺս̸޾һˣԭռϷ磬н̸޾ѹ֮
ǣսòֻͣҲ⼸սıʣȻɱ޵ʽߣȴŵĳߣ뿪⣬ʧ٣֪䡭
еս˷룬ԽԽң˭Ҳ֪ƻʱҲٹ˲ò׾ˡ
۾һȻһݣ˳Ȧ⣬׷Цҵģֲˡ
䣬һ䣬ɲ֮䣬ָ֮ڣ֪ʱһɭȻܣðɭ׹Ļɫ֣治ȼգȴܸ˿ȶ֮Уɭ䡣
аɽƷ֮а֣ƷеĻ꣬ɱΡ
ã
״ɫһۣƲס׷׳ȥ
ֻǣӵõô
̸޾һй֣ɲ֮䣬ֺţɲǱ󣬻Ϊһ־޴İ׹ǻ֣ٶ˵ѹ
˲ŭʹ⣬ȻǴ߶˷ûá
Ұ׵ĻϵĲʹʱ漴ԭֻ߿ݹǡ
ϵƤ⣬ͷ䣬ȫʧڷ
ֻһһ࣬ΪߵӵһһĻҲɻ˫۷ֱȻܵŹ࣬սˡ
µаɽ̶̰գֻʣһˡ
һߣٻƷа֡ɻɱ˵ġ̸󡱸޾̣ɭĿһ棬δһۣһԥû׷ȥͬתšƷ桱а롰µս߶
ͬһа°ܣʹʤҲֲ˺á
෴аսʤʹսܣֻҪպҲرá
ԡƶ롰̸޾̣Լֺ󣬵һҪԸģˣǰƷ桱а䣬ضȨռϷ磡


798 һɢ
һս
š಻߶ȣ롰Ľ޺ޣϡǧ¥һΧسˡһȻɽֲ£ѽѷ֡
ֹУ۹·˷
Ȼע⼸սŵľǾ۵ס
ۼƬ֮䣬ǡƶ߶ޣɱ޵ţ̸޾̣Ȼɱ˵һҴ棬ǱԶ
ᣬ޾ͬʱа䣬˵սŲ˹ȥ߶ռϷ磬ٴΣ
ϸղʽŰ˷䱻š¥ơλߡһ߶ʽ߹£֮аɽӡ
ƶˣһʱƱã𲻲⡣
˵ɫǲͬʱһ䡣
ǶףƷ桱а䣬ƶᣬ̸޾ˣˡ£һҪֵˣԲƴˣ
š಻ﵱȴԪתҲƺ߶
Ӱأ
еɫȣױ˾ӨɫɫЯɽ֮ӰֱһСɽس˵ͷ£ƾˡ
żʹһСɽǰҲһϡ
Ľ޺ɫ࣬ء
ɫһţͬһ㳱죬ȻǶ˳ڵĶűط
ƱǣһԾ˫սζȻת
ĳһ̣֮쳹ڣһɭĽ˫ּ޺񽣼䶸Ȼͬѩǧɽ˸£ǧѩ顣
ڹƷϽ׹쾭ڶϸһƪذ½֮һ񽣡
˵Ľͬ˳һ̣ǶسˣҲǲɫ΢΢һ䡣
޵ذ½΢ôһЩԥ
ͬʱϡĹҲ
£Ȼһ˫ƣ߶һ¡
¡
˫Ƽ䣬һƬϺ·һմеҪ籡ص
궥Ʒ֮һƣ
Ϻ֮ڣƺеһգЯֲҪָ䵮
س¡¡𶯣գָâ޿赲ͬʷĴƣֹ
󶥼֣ͬʱУƾˡ
سˣ˫֮һ˿ɫҵǰһҪ赲һȴˣҪȱ棬ıʤ
ֻϧˣ񽣷ıһǰˣ˲Լ
һžΪ޵֮Уһʧȥ֮ģƱңܲԶӡ
Ȼ
سĺɫУʽȻ֮ǰûвƸƴһЩƺܸ㡣
ǣڡš಻Ľ޺ޣϡǧ¥˵Ϲ֮£ȴ·ʧȥ侫񣬷·ֽϻһ

ȣӰӰس˵ĺɫŽڰУһʱ֪˶ٴΡ
Ƭ֮󣬲Ӱɢس조ŻһѪ˶ֻһι˲Сˡ
Уɫһ֪뵽ʲô̶о֮ɫһǽŷ֮ƣֱӳ˴֮ţ漴ٲͣɽ·ɱȥ׼һ򣬾Ŀ֮£ηսսĪĪˡ
һĻš಻Ľ޺ޣϡǧ¥ˣǲһ
ǻ¶ԷӲƴϾƽĶۣʵʵ˺һսҲδһʤ㡣
Ҳ֪ʲô֮񽣷ޣΪҲڶװ벽
һ𶥼֮ǰȻû˵ȴͻȻ֣а䣬ᣬ޾̵ͶħȵĳԱֻ¶Ҳħеϵ
ˣڻһš಻˲ԼڷڷڵϢϢһתͳšƷ桱а롰Ǳߵսȥ
״һۣ˵ЩԸĽ޺ޣϡǧ¥ҲֻǿԵϢһȻתΣͬǱȥ
˵Ѿаɽ¡šһɣնҵĹϵһаƣƱаɽĪĵˣΪǡ
һ¡šǵƣȴ൱ڶаɽл֮ʹǵݵλԣݶ飬Ҳġ
ԣѾչˣǲԹۣɱ˽»ɱаɽɽλ
Ȼ֣Ǿֻһ嵽ˡ
ʱ˿̣šĽϡˣ;δǱᣬаµǴսţšƶԼ̸޾̵ļ룬ȴѾˡ
һ˲а䲼µĲ㾫֮
ԷܴľʱԶֹа³һѪ󵹷ɶ
ֻǴʱ˿̣ǡɸϿΣԷٸġƶ롰̸
˼״аʲôʧȻһۣ漴ᶨ˼ԥһ߽Ʒаͬʱһ
ۣ
ոոаսýƣġ£뵽д˲ұ䣬ȷʱѾˡ
ڹа֮ʱѾɢһɶ佫Էˣһƣ֮ʧȥˡ
ɫҰףûһɫޣ㡰žһۣһۣ׳ϡ
һ´Ŵֻۣɶ룬һɫаɽ߼ӷεǰ
һ̸̣޾̵аֹ
ǰɭɭĻ׹֣Ϊһɭ׹⣬ֻһԡº͸룬ǰ͸ƿһѪܵĴ󶴡
µ࣬Ȼһ֮£׷飬ʧò
һۣǧı㣬ƻȴǰټãѰһᣬҲĹ裬н
ֻϧǵֲ飬ԴˣǧΰͼɢһΡ
ɰ
϶ġšһҰУվˣؿšµʬӭ
ʶסɫȻ
̶ŭزһУ߶ƶԼ̸޾̣˵ġƷ桱а乥ȥ
󣬡Ľ롰ϡһĻüͷ΢壬ԥ룬ͬǰȥ


799 ʢ
սһ춯صĴԾ
š಻Ľ޺ޣϡǧ¥ˣսƷġƶ̸͡޾̣ռϷ硣
ϾУֻš಻һˣʵǿᣬ޾̶ࡣ
Ǹ߽װ벽۷壬ӽװ벽Σ޾̣߽װ벽Ҷѡ
ԽߣÿһС֮ĲԽҲһ㵽ʮ֮Ĳ࣬Ȳϸ߽װ벽ڵ߽װ벽֮ƿһСء
Ҫ˵仹һ߽װ벽۷塭
ԣ֮ʵ࣬˵رҲΪ
޾̣ǡšĵӱ֣ǿ롰š಻һս
Ҫ˵šߣ֣Ľ޺޺͡ϡǧ¥Ҳӹ֣սһ޾̣ȫûʲô⡣
ΨһǣǶԷУһǿļƷޡ͡а֡
áš಻ȸ֣Щɵţ޷ȫ֣ʵеġĽ޺޺͡ϡǧ¥ˣȻ˵
Ϊڸ߲㣬ȻҲ׼ƷĿ£ֻΧΪаɽڶϧۣԼȥƴ
һʱ˫ֲ£ǡšһԣԷ˵սȦԽѹԽС޾ʵȫҲǲˡ
սֽѾˣûʲôʣ˵ֻʱ⡣
ܱܲסҲ˵
ϾʹӵƷš಻ˣҲͨˡȻƷڸŵսԱвڣǵݵλŪһƷμƷС˼
Ʃ硰š಻еɫȣһμƷСԪȡʹڴμƷУҲڼȣܲѷɫͨµȼƷ١
Ľ޺е޺񽣣ͬˣҲһμƷֻȽԵֻͣǴμƷеȣˣҲС
֣š಻ʵԷ࣬ټе޾е̫Զƶ롰̸޾̴ԽԽǾԽԽǱ
ΨһϣƷ桱а䣬СֵʵǣԲһλµĺֶ֡
һ˲佫弸ȫݻ٣ɸԭ
а䵱˹ȥ֪
ǡƶ롰̸޾аضʤ׷»ɷʱδԶˡ
ԣƶ롰޾̸Ͳָʱս
ԷûսҲ˵ˡ
£˵עߵսϣûע⵽ղűƶһ޳ϵġµһֻϱۣڵϣһаɽӵǰ
аɽӣɫԺڣԵЩŹ֡
Ŀ⣬䵽ֻϱһָϣһöͨʰɫָ
⣬öָǡµöˡ
Ϊаɽɽ֮һԼĸΪ֮һµĴ˶ԴжҪ󣬾Ϳˡ
ˣֻһԥûעߣֳڿƲסһιһӰȻڱ˱˵ߡ
΢΢һУ±ֻϱۣ㻯Ϊһڹ⣬ʧ
Ȼֳˡ
Ŀ´һۣûע⵽ȻԼϸŵߣʱһЦ
漴ٲԥսĽһѾߵȺУ˳ڷٶȥ
Ｋаħ֮ٲأζȻ٣ΪһӰԿɲٶȣаɽ£ٶȥ
ٶ֮죬ȻһЩ߽װ벽֮¡
һĻͬ׼еһЩаɽӿһ㵣״ΪͻȻӵٶȡ
һ֮ҲͲ룬Ͼʱ˿̣аɽĴ䣬Ѿͷ
˭Ҳû뵽úһֽ䣬һ˲ҵڶ
ֻħһĵطע⵽ֳľٶҲû̫׷׳˷Ͷȥ
ֳӰֻȺеһٶ΢һ㣬ģ͸ӵҲһģһģע⡣
ֻǣͻȻٵһĻڱֻЩ֣׷Ѱ칤ɽɽ𻷡УȴɶȻһ
ӰôСӸղߵӰǰ񣿡
Īǣأ
һݣҲβ׷ȥȴǸոߵôҲԤ벻ıˡ
û뵽ԼСݸװѾӹ˶Է׷ɱļһЩԼٶȡ
ֵٶȣˡ𻷡ע⡣
뵽֮ǰڼаħУΪĿɲٶȣҪԿһߡ
䣬ٶȵˣԲ࣬ڣȻܳԣһ۾Ϳݣ׷ȥ
һĻȻҲһЩ˿ЩЩɧ
Ͼһλ칤ɽɽݵλһװİĵӱӰȻȫͬն
Ͼ칤ɽɽҪʲôû˿Ԥ⣬Ҳȥ档
ˣȥֻһ֣Ҳûȥ׷ϡ
װİºǰ칤ɽɽ֮һ𻷡ںһǰһ󣬼գۼ䣬ͱаɽŸԶȺɽ֮зɱȥ
ڴʱۣءһһ޴Ģơ
һɫӰеڿУɫӰѾңңƺ
ףһսԡҲ̫⣬ش֮ƣ糵ֹ޿赲֮ĳЮ֮ƣս㣡
ɫӰûȥаɽֱۣӻΪһɫСͶ뼫аħС
ӼаħгҸ¸ЮһһŮӰһ£信Ѿ˴ġƷ桱а˭
ŮߣʱҲԲѡһϷ˳ۣմȾѪȻǸո롰š˼Ҵս·磬ۿҪġƶᡣ
ɫӰЮӰֱһ䣬ʧԶȺɽУʧ
ߺۣһδ֪ƺһ̾Ϣ
̾ϢصȺ壬һսĻɵʹȴʱڸܸƽ
ۣƽǡߡǧﲼµɴҲ䣬ûзκá
ˣаɽۣҪ˵Ѫɺӣʬ
µһааɽһڶУνء
ɽźǧģս
̳ˡƷ桱а䱻ȷħħȵħ֮һʵΪ¼ʧټġպЮֶߡ
аɽƶ˴ͬħȵħߡ
һ̸޾̣ƴУ֮£ض
аɽ˵޵ʮȥţֻʣһе
Ҳ긦δָܻ
аɽ߶սһѶˡ
аɽս̫ϻЦᡱľ걻һлɱ
аɽõóȥĸ֣Ȼֻʣˣֱִĵһ֣š಻ԼҴӡ̸޾
µһаڣûˣƿ̾
µӣҲ٣ǧмС룬ؽٹ⣬ûʱ䣬ܡ
µһڣ֮аɽΪڶһսѸûȥĴɣ棬¸ҡ
δ޵磬׽Σû˿塣
һλħ˹ʵˡ
ħȣӵиħаλǵӵкε۸صʵ


800 ѩ
аɽۣ֮ʱ½޾ѩ
δ붬˴ѩ
ããҰһ࣬ıɽĿףɫ
˵̺ǣ֪һɽ֮ףȻһСС䣬֪ӣ˼
ҹѩԽˡ
ëƴѩƬҹʱһ顢һ䣬޾ԭͻϥĺѩټӺһ㣬ˣһȥֻҪ
ѩĵط˴ѩҲټ
ãã磬ʹҹҲܿķ⣬ѩ֮ϣɭţһƬף˸䡣
ɭʪĵŨصֱ˵ı꣬˶޲ðԼٲ쬵ĺε˼ѿݵİܲݶϡ죬ֱϡ
ƹҲٽˣ֪㵽ĸݶ
СɽвһЩͨոϢԿҹ˴ѩƶǶ˯ʡֻͣɽһˮ߼ƽоȻŵơ
ڣһ꣬ϥڴϣ˫ƽϥ͵£׻һͨ졣
˺Ķȴڱһ濾һ㡣
ƶĺ飬ϴ׵Ϲ䣬͵ԵøĴĿġǰԶƽһЩֵƺʣƺƤʡ
˿̣ⱾѾʵͼ񣬺ͼ
û֪˿ǰδеĵһ飬вɥ֮
ԺУ˿һѵĻǰ̣һʧһҹ棬ħ񣬻սɱڶץġ
һ˱ʯȥһ֮˱Сһ⵶λεĵɽʱʧٱȥѪ죬һ˱һʯĥ֮ĥ⽴Ȼĥֹ
ֻϢֱͣҡΣԳֳ֡
ͬʱӦЩģϲϱõĸɫ򾪿֣η񡭡
ǺɫȴԾɼΪ㣬ҧȻɫѾ԰׵˼㣬ƺʱȴûз
رģرģرġ
вϵظ⼸֣ʱһһֹȥΣյıԵͬеСۣƺʱ㸲ټãȴȻԾڼ֡
һʱ󣬸ֻ޷УһӰʧ·ֹһ㡣
Żָƽǰĺɫž֮Ͽһۣƣ֮ɫ
ħԭǴܲ飬Ҫдģ־ܰ쵽ΣгɵҲһõ
Ȼ꾹Ȼסһʱ䣬ʵš
֮ȴκϲ֮ɫ΢΢üʧˣ£ڶʮʧ˰ɣ벻⵶ħѶɣһʱ䣬ȻǿŹһ㡣
Ŀתкɫâ¶ټȥֻҾҪħ֣ɥΪһˣ־ңɥղһ£Щͻزˡ
ߣ
һǿԴһ˿ļ£һħֻһʱѧɣڶظħҲͻһ룬صĵħѾȥһˣԶԶûдɣֻ»ҪٶӰꡣ
ʮħһαһκʱһαһμѡǰħѾ֪ʮħѧȫֻȥҶʱ䣬پֻͨһӶδܴﵽɡ
ɵΪɣٳѩ£ֻʲôأ
ֻһͨɽ壬ȴƼ򵥣ء
ǡʮħҲδţδţȻһŸΪ֪Ķа
˵뽫ʮħȫ޳ɣ׿ڡҽħδﵽѵѨ۷壬벽Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
Ҳģֻпȫѧȫһ˱ʱһز
վܴﵽģʱҲҾⷽ磬ǧһͻڵ档

ȻЦЦӶƣéݶϵéݲ𶯣ѩ䣬ƫƫȴּΪ֣Բɣᴫ̫ԶСɽеͨ񣬾Ȼûһ
Ƭ֮󣬺һߣһ˱˾ţʧܡҪٻ꣬ҲҪʱ̡
½ڼҵȲˣ
䣬ȻٴϥֳղŵĻþУɫһһرòֲ򾪾壬֣̿򱯰
ң粻ֲ֣԰ܡ
УֲϵһƪأʮһľƽϵɫҲúͻࡣ
״Ǵϲʤ׷Ըûᡣ
ħʱ֮ţ֣壬£ϲֲ֣԰ܡ
żȻƽķԭΪֻһƪͨĶû뵽ʮħЧûƽķֻһħԶɹɣ
Ƭ̣ٴۣϵϢȻٴŨ˼֣ɫϢһһأƣԿֲ֮С


801 ʮħ
һٴۣϵϢˣɫҲƺһ֡
û㣬һֱԼڵƣֱɫ
ţ
Ȼչվǰһ۴Ļѩ
ţѩˣĶҪϺٰ
Ŀ΢ڡ͡һ˵ƻ𣬷ڶʱһƬڰ
ԾдѩһƬԺ֮С
գһ
΢΢Цţٴ߻ش齣ٴǰ޲׺һҹδߡ

ڶգ峿׼ʱ
ǰɫŸո΢΢ףѩ֪ʱѾͣ
ƿӣһ崰룬ʲõ˲ܸоһ㣬üͷûһ£ֻǾעŴĻѩ
һҹⱾѹĻѩǼ˺һ㣬һƬס
ɾХţϯɽоҵĲһЩСҲڴ˵£鲻Ը𴲣𱳰ȻŴ嶫ͷһԺȥ
ԺΪԺǰĻѩȻѾɨһ飬ЩСˣʱûȸԾһС
ԶľС
Ҳ֪վ˶ãȻһɫװȻҲţķ֮ҲǼνġԺȥ
һԺһȺСùãȴĽ١
꣬ʩһ񣺡Ϻã
ͯ࣬ŮⲻͬѰһĻں꿴ȴƽϰߡ
˻֣ʾ˲ö񣬶ϵĽ̰ڽ
Ҫ⡢ġ͡
һһԸճʼҪ޾ջ󣬵ص㲻ͬ곤ְͬͬλͬҪӴܵջҲͲͬ
˽ЩջΪʮ࣬ܳΪʮħͷҪԼĵһལնʮħһĶˡ
飬ģֻΪɫȮɫԻаΪĩ·
ʿڣᣬҲȻҹԼħ֮ʱȻͬڵĶƺҲЩͬѰ
ƫƫЩСȴΪŷһ۾
屾⺮֮һƫƧ۵С壬ڴ֮ǰδһѧãȻҲûзӻ߽ѧ
Դǰ˱µĵЩС˽ʦ֪ʶزΪƬСɽж˶
˱µĽڣͨΨһͨ
Ļġ
ǹʣܶˣ峵飬ȴ̤а;һ쳾˲䱻ܵľɫʮ꺮ʥͣ׳Ժ󣬴Ӵ˳ɫȨٲܻͷ
ԣ˶飬Ҫ޷ǣֻзǲᣬܱպ;ɥ³ֻ飬ģ⣬޷ǵˣȡĶˡ
ˣʦսǵģʮħ֮ʮħܿƴʮħ˴ʮħǲĵعǰԶգ̤ãã硣
ǣӡ
Сһش
ֻһСر飬ԣɾһֻ֣ӣʳལʲôʮħЩ
΢΢һЦѹѹС£һۣСҲһڴɵõ˵ͷٴοмСͯ˵
κ⣬ʣǶԵġҪҷʣƺһúܺãҪѧϰ
ͯ굱һɫ˵ʮħͷǧ򻯣ʵ˵ףܲı仯̰ϲŭ־塣Ʃ˵ʮħһΪħνۡǡࡢ⡣
ţУ־󣬱˻̰ͼڸ̰֮ͼ»ѣ̰ͼĿɫǲ̴
̴ģһ֮ǰҪնܿʼһѧ
ԭˡ
һСýζȻҲһЩɲ˵ġ
Ǻ״۾һ飬ν͵ñȽ꾡С۾ʣƺѧ˶
ʱлῴĿлϻɣֻη裬лŵ㡭Щ֮񣬶֮ħѲЩ󣬾ͿԭԼ
ݹŹ۽ΪۣΪ̰ͼЩڸ֮֮˱ԣа·ĥ־ǣΪһѹء
ӽ̻壡
һС۾׷
Ҳϴǣ˽ڶħħΪħΪħŮ֣ħɫħѣħħŮɫħʥͣʮħ顭
Ϊħͷʦǵģն˵һħħ֮ϸˣ
һƪƪв˵ЩСҲֱ磬Ȼĸģһͨ죬кɢаȡ
ЩС粻βеԳ֮ɫУãȻͬһ
״еϲɫŨˣĿ¶⣬ۣҲϥϥС֮ʱɢа
ϣЩҲ֮ɽŵףһƬա
ɽӣʹҲԭֻΪûжᡣ˭Ҳû뵽һƫƧ͵Сɽ壬رòͬˡ

Զǧ֮⣬аɽ¡
ĳаɽӣԶɱ칤ɽɽ𻷡弲׷ᡣ
һ׷һӣܿаɽؽ磬һƬããԶŵɽ
ħȵħպãЮа䣬ᣬ༲һ߿ٶȥͬûϵǰѾһȻվѾȺʱˡ


802 Ծ߽װ벽
ӣ
Ҳ֪˶ãҲ֪˶Զ
ֻ֪ĵĵòʱڲͣת
ȻӲˣ̹Ȼԡ
Ȼû̫ãƬʱֺͬһƣһ˿ȵ칤ɽɽ𻷡弲϶
վԭأȻͣһ㶣漴ɹЦ
Сô֪ӲˣӣҪԹԵڱףԱ֮𣿡
ǵȺڴˣδҪ㱨˭ɱ˭һء
˴˿̣֪زˣɴҲݣֱһ֣ĨȥߣԼԭ·
аɽӵĳɫ·һƬȥۼ
ףԷǿݣ׷һ·ǧﲻֹ
ʱֹѵǿ֮ĩ𻷡ֺγˡ
ţȻĵһЩΪһЩʱҲδرԼõõʱ϶ҲƣȻ֮ǰٶȽʱܸ׷ˡ
ҲģڸղŹ廹δ׷һ̣ͷһЩʱջݵˮ
֮󣬴˿ڵĵڿٻָţ֮ѰʱҪ
ţֻҪһʱ䣬ָܺܿ۷״̬
㲻ܣս£ĵָٶǶԷɻٵʤ
򲻵ѣǲ빴һս˱һγԵ˼Ŷ棬һۣɫ޵ӡ𻷡壬΢ؿ˵Ҫ𣿡

Ļ廹Ϊں£ʱЦЦᶼˡ
ЦЦţֱ䣬¡
·Ծ֮ӿĿ磬źƮһŷѩвһ
Ϊ㣬ĳĳһһӣ湴ĳ˺㻹빴ĳŹ㣬ÿ𣿡

һ̾Ȼ֪ˣ浽ʱЩ΢΢ơ
ٰãղܱһս
ҺãʱҲǵǸ޷֮ͨˡ
һŴ콾֮һеġ𡱣ʵȻλµһڵĸҪ˵׻ɱҲЦ
ɣ
ٷϻ֪һսĲɱ⣬ɴҲ£ֱ˺һ漴ڳһصƣĹ年˹ָ
ߣСӣ㻹񡣱һ˲츳ĸǶȥˣ칤ɽֽܳӾʤҲûܷڱС
ΪΪ֮һ㲻˷ˣΪΪݺûе𣿴ˣ카ĳͽ㾴ͣԺΪ裬Ϊ
䣬𻷡һһţµĿҶһʱ׷𣬶һݣȻһȭ
ûаΪʹˣҲֻһ˵ùȥ
ΪµһڵĸʵжǿԶôܰһӷ
ڸոյ徳ʿϣǰĺΣڹԲ󱲣һѡ
Ҳٸʮʮ꣬δЩһĶ֣ڣûгɳ콾ţҲֻ°ܽһ
״ҵӰһչ˾ͼٳƮȥͬʱһ޹ǣһ󴺷紵պûȥһྡྷ
ţ
棬ʶ嵹ξȡ
޹һַȴɫһ漴¶𾪵ɫ
ǣʳĴ绯֣ôܣϻľеʧʳԼҲᣬģ
漴Ͼ¶Ȼر飺ðԭǽ봫дõġݴдУʳռйϻľȻҲֻ֣һֱû˵õ䴫жѣأһй˶ûеԵ
ܺãܺãĳ͸ɱˡֹ濡ɱ𣬸Ҫϻľ֮
˵̲꣬סٴδЦһ㲻Ϊ񹦶ǣЦüΪͲ
ȻʹһŶַʣĿǰ봫дܹҲûжʱ䣬ʹܽⴺ绯ᣬҲСҵľ硣
˾磬ѷŵƷѧȫһ㲻
ˣΪܻܲɱģϲԼõһŶ
Ҫ֪ڣʳ֦ͬҲֻǱϵġȻҲӿ
ʳ칤ɽ
ΪʳǵȨ칤ɽȴǽȨȨȨĳЩʱ򣬿ͬ棬ȴжʳ½Ϊǿʢ칤ɽȴ½ǿš
ǿʢǿ֮䣬кȻҲж
˭Ҳ⣬ԶԷ˽һ㣬Ҫ˵ǰնԷĸ󷨣Ҳʳϻľ칤ɽͨ󷨡
зΪУһ̣иʤİѻˡ
СӣղŲСţһУ֪칤ɽ
䣬ٴϣһΣ࣬칤ɽһŶצƷУħ֡
ֻ˫ֱ죬ȴַɭ˫צ˺춼ƺҪĻ㱻˺һ롣
ħֵʹ칤ɽУҲһһ
״ɫࡣ
Ȼ˵ոûжõĴ绯֣Ǵ۷徳Ĵ绯֣Ҳͺħ൱
ڣֲ֪꣬ȻѴﵽ
ԼΪԷڹҲԶѷڶԷһսЩΣˡ
ҲȻ壬չͬӭȥ
ȻѡڴӭУȻȫ㣬޻äĿġ


803 ϣ
飬飬飡
ҵĽսƬУӰ·䣬Ͻ֡
ƬĹľ׷׵£һƬﳾ
֪ΪԶԷ֮ߣѰٻᡣʹһ־ַҲǡô칤ɽɽ壬ҲƣڱռϷ硣
ս;Ȼɫ䣺СӣȻе㱾£ѹָſ񡣡
Ϊֹˡħ֮ʽ죡
ĺƣѸٷڣ󳹵ױ˺ɫһĳƹֱ춼ſ
״ɫһݣ֪һʽѰҵһ䣬񵵼϶ٿȻһ죬һָ
һָ˲䣬һİ׺⣬ͬƿգһᡰ˻졣
йŵؾѧ֮һָ
һ̣һӨָ빴巢ƾڰս㣬ƺһˣһЩˡ
ΪϾȲõ칤ɽָ䲻ѷڹʩչľѧħ֡ľȴȹħҪѷɫ̫ˡ
ԣһжȻƣ΢ȥһݾǲɻһһЩѪڸЩλ
ɫȴûκεǺµɫƽ
漴ٲԥһһ̳ٿȻĴе·ա
âⰻȻ
ʯлõǱμƷâ
Ӱ
Ȼ֮䣬·һɲ֮䣬ֳʮ߰˸
ÿһУһͬʱ̳Ȼû⡣
ǡ֮Уһǹ֮У磬Ӱʵ
ʵ΢ѷɫôһֵģȻУһзǻ֮ΨһһɱС
𻷡Ҳ֮״һЦС
䣬ţмССУ漴Ѹʲô
һ̣дǼ䣬ȻһץšȻһһںΰĹƣͺնٿһɨȻʮ߰˵Ӱһɨգֻ¶
һ£ǱһУɫʱһס
Сӣֻ㱾£ʱ˵أ֮ˡٽӹĳһƣħʽ֮ʽħ죡
ŻӰȻҲһ˲ʮ߰˵ӰЩӰƺԷɿٶ࣬ԽԽ࣬Խࡣ
󣬲Ƭ̣֮ĵϣȻ飬ǧɫӰƺ塣
Уվˡ
ռƺһ˲䣬СȻ󲻶ϵѹվĿռ䣬һ˲䣬ǧħӰΧ
ռ䵱ȻСǹ廯Ӱ̫ˡ
ӰԽԽ࣬Գɱٶӣ󣬾ƺܴĿռ䣬ڼһתĴ
״˫ĿâϳһеȻӲڴԴС
ѩ֮ģ
Ȼһгâ֮ϣȻӿƬ⣬ѩÿһӰ֮ϡ
һ̣ΧӵĲӰȻһϣȻӿֳһ㱡˪ƺͬʱһ㡣ӰӵٶȣȻһ
еѩ֮ģӻԷΪƽʱòϣҲ
ʱ˿̣ȴЧ˺ܶ๥ж顣
һ̣еɫâ˸һ£˲䣬ӰУûüڵġš˳
һ·һ⣬һţһ̣ȻƮ˰Уѳˡ𻷡ĲӰΧ
ţ
ӰУһӰȻһߣΧӰ˲ͬʱһ𣬶ɢ
м䣬¶һۣĿ޵ġ𻷡Ӱ
еУȻܴӱħ֮веǱҲʮֲˣ
ƾˣǾȲġҪˣСӣף𻷣˫裡
ǰ漸У徹Ȼڲʵûж
ǿҲ칤ɽĶȴǡ𻷡ĳ
ĳ죬ȻеһԽ𻷡
ǲҲܳΪ칤ɽɽ֮һ̡
ۼóâȻҲԥâҪǿ󣬻ҪµöļƷ𻷡
˫һö𻷣һײһƬĻ𻨣Ȼһ֣Ұ
һ˲䣬ܣ·Ȼʳһƽ
ǹǽ𻷷ɿգٶ̫죬γɵĲӰþòɢȻŽ𻷵ķӣڿһĻƽȦΧС
Ȧҷٺ££Ĵ֮ء


804 £
״ͷһݣƺ֪Σգٹ˲أ˫㡣
漴£ѥһٶȴ˷·Ϊһ޵ĵ⣬Ҫ𻷹Χ
ôĹ
Цһ˫һģǺ£ĽɫȻٶٴμӿ˽һ׷
ƷȻѲ
һҲ֪һԽ𻷵Ŀ¡
˵ʹűˣЩ֪𻷣Ȼ¶һݣʣʹûĸУȴ½ĵһˡ
˵򵥣û˻š
֮£ֻὣ棬ԻеĵĽɹԪĽöͬʱοűһجˡ
ɹԪĽȻǧʵҲټϴμƷâǿ󡭡
ǣԸгֽһ㵱ϡ
ŵâҲϲƺܵˣ֮Уһۣһʹ
âȻΪμƷ𻷸ǼƷȻֻףֵȴر
μƷмʮϰټƷȴǼһһ
±ĶţƩаɽҲӵƷһƽ̷аŽ
ʣµΪУǴ֮ڸ˶ռ
аɽ̫ϻҲֻӵдμƷ
ԿһƷ޵磬жϡС
Ϊ칤ɽɽ֮һӵ
ˣڵĴ󲿷ݸҲδӵмƷġ
ӵдֵȼģʮ칤ɽ֮⣬ֻΪ칤ɽµһڡ
ڣļƷΪ֮ռµķ֮һһСѡ
ԣ𻷹壬ӵԼһԼƷԴ˶Ϊĳ
ˣĴμƷ뼫ƷײֶϵǶԷĶַ𻷷ǣ벻ԿҲѡ
ǡ֮ǰڴйŵ֮УõˡɹԪַ
ֻһ£ֹâػɣһ˫ֱۣ϶ҲҪˡ
ҵǣվܵԷʵĿ£ֲɱ˶Է칤ɽһԥǾľС
ͷٲԥȻһ֣ӴͳһöԲҰɫͬʯӣȻ˾һ¡

˲䣬ͬ䳶£Ұʯ֮Уͬ׷ʯ棬̶
ǽӰУѸţ̶ɢ֡
ʲô
ʲô
𻷡һЦҪȻǰһƬããʲôҲ壬ɫȻһ䡣
һ˫ͫͫͬгܱ֮ߵȻ䵭䵭ܿӰ
칤ɽĶͬõġһͫ
ֻϧһͫεǿ󣬸ող̫ŨأԲűһۿ
ʱĹȥеԽԽŨ濴Ӱ
ӵСһͫĹ壬ҲģΧһɷΧӰʮģ

֪ȻΪʲôոﻹգתۼ֡ҲȻ壬ЦһȻٴһ˦֡
أء
УٴλΪ⣬ַɳУ־弱и˵Ӱ죬ֿԿŽɹĺۼĲ֮ء
ȻһԼɱӰ
ٸȥʱȴȻ֣ӰѾֻʣһӰͲ֪ȥ˺δ
ԭóʱԻ֮УٲʮӰ
𻷡忴ģҪöԷĻӰѡ
ˣɲ¶ɫһСӣʲôıƣգɱ㡣
צ
Ȼ֮䣬ʩչһſֲĹ˫ץһӣһ˴ͬϵĲˣϯǰ
ŹΪ칤ɽڹͨеĵƪֻ칤ɽϵĴڿ
𻷺ħ֣ŵƷצҪǿ
Ҳĵƣ칤ɽĲ֮ܣΪһԻΪʺ칤ɽĹ
ɲ֮䣬ȫ£ð⣬УһȦһȦӡ
֣ƺɲ֮䣬ΪһƬ𺣡
𺣳ܵŨȻڣܱ֮һȴѿ
ŨҲڱλ֮
칤ɽ֮µһһ칤ɽ֮˿ɱȡ
һϣΪţûκ˻顣
ԣػ֮칤ɽҲڵһ
±ͬΪóػ֮ţҲԶв
Ϊ칤ɽĿػ֮԰ԵƣţȴԾΪص㣬Ȼв
ʱ𻷡Χð棬ȻΧһɨ⡣
̶Ƭ̼䣬Ҳӵȥ
ԣ廹Ǻܿ췢߶һ𣬻ֻӰһɨ⡣
ˣֻһЦû¶Ծʲôµʲô֪ʱֶһСС졣
죬һһ죬ףϢõǼƷر졣
쵥ֵޣһ顱رʹãȴЧãֵһһڶԱġ
Ȼ
һ֣޾ӿ˲ϵĻ棬漴ɳɾӳȼյĴ֡
ʯ߳ɣ֮һƬӰ
ͬʱ˷֣ںϽղŻûɢ֮øΪˡ
İϢ˵ľƺӰ죬ɢ̫Զ
ĻУ俴ˡ塱ڵĵطһۡ
ûлɱԷԷС𻷡ȼƷ͡צȶ񹦣Ҳеδ¶
ϧһдۣþӡɵİգܽ𻷡Զ⴦С
ԥһ˲Ǿߡ
һǶþӡ̫ء
֪һɫȫʲô򲻵ѣԸԡ
ڶҲǴʱʵڲ˾칤ɽȻȫԵС
Ȼ岻칤ɽһλɽɽĵλѾҪˣһ칤ɽܷβܣɲɱһӵܹ߿ܱȵġ
߿칤ɽ˲˵ʲôΪȡ
ΪˣѾ˾޴Ĵۣλļ֤֮£´Ĩ¡
һˣ󱬷ڴսҲȫûпܡ
֮ƣһɸİӣʱڶΪǡ
ܱһʱͱһʱ
岻֪ôҪץסԼţȲѣҲֻʹɱ֣Ծˡ
£ȷһһɡ
뵽ˣٲԥһչΪӰȻȥǶӰ
ȵ岻ƺצþ߳ʱȻ֣ӰѲ
׷ʮҲҲ˿ټŭܱʮֵȫ꣬վѾʧˡ
޺޵ԶȺɽһۣ֪ȥηҲ޴׷Ѱֻһˡ
ݺһ㣬СһټĳֻˡӹһΣ´μ棬ĳؽʬΣԱ֮𣡡
˵꣬ȥ
֮أԭһԲɵİӣɼһ֮жôֲǿ
ϧһĻѾ
ǷݻȻҲȫһû
ʱ￪ˡ
һƧ֮أ˰գȷû׷һɽϥ£ͳմӼаħм񵽵ֻϱۣ׼µĴ򿪣ЩʲôƷ
Ǵ˴Σаɽ֮Уջ
ľҲܲϲ棬Ȳ


805 ⾪ϲϣ
ȡֻϱ֮󣬶вһŨŨѪþòɢ
״üͷ漴һֱ֣һӣȼһϻ𣬽ϱ۷ٳɻҽҽУһöĺС侲š
ǵ࣬ʿؤС潸һһ߳Ƥңûʲôÿ
Ҳֻܻʱţڵص׸ʴɿݹǣһ棬ȼճɷɻҡ
Ȼǰµֱֻۣ϶չŮӣĹţն¹ֵͷ
һֻ˵ֱֵۣǰȴҲһĲֵֻǱһ棬ճɷɻңֻĴ䡣
ȵó۳µճɻҽ֮󣬶еѪɢࡣ
ֹƬ̣׸оζˣһ֣½µöʰȡ˾⿪ϵĽơ
ڣǿƽһλ߽װ벽ǿµľƣֱǳ˵Σ˵һѨڣǶװ벽԰쵽
ڣöϵľƣͷ·һ㱡Ĥһһ壬㼴ˡ
漴оöʲôƺɢˣ֪Ǿǡµľơ
漴ٲԥһ˲䣬ʯйâҫۣһѶٿأƮ䣬ڵ֮ϡ
׼һƤ̺Щû䵽մȾһۻ³ȫ룬ƽǿƤ̺֮ϡ
ɫâתӳ˵ĿϸһȻһŵĸӵеĶ֮࣬Ʒ֮ߣֱλ۾
һ齣ƣʮƿθɫʽͬĸ鵤ľ£أ࣬ڣɫĹžһڰ޹⣬·йâϵڹżס
֮⣬Ʒ߰˱ƷƷһ
ҪǣЩͷϷҪǣ滹һɫӲɣĳһɢžӨ֮⣬ҰɫССᦣݣʯ
һɫݣһ鰵ʯΪ⣬ע⡣
֮⣬ʣµĶͨһ̣һʯΣѷ˴һǡ
ЩӦǡƽʱ֮һ࣬ûôϸֱӽӻԭû㴦
ЩûʲôãֻǰóЩмֵȴǿ齣ƿʼ
𣬴
溮ΪѷһˣֻնղסΪ֮ϣɢһɭ˹ֻֿ˲Ҫһ˪ܡ
棬һס֣֪ŵͼһ
ʽҲЩ֣·£ȹȹͼţǼʱŮ£ӣӦŮ
ʵڲףаɽɽ֮һ£ôôֵƷ
Ҳû˵½ĳʹùֵơ
һԥǽӻԭ
ﲻ֪֪ãģ֣Щص溮ԣزͨơ
Ȼ֪ǴӺδҲ֪öƱضʮֲƫ½û˵
ȻֵƣӵУ϶䴫˵棬֪ܲ
Ȼ棬ҪôԶ֮ҪôͲ½С
ˣʱǽţԺ˵׵Ļᣬʱ˵һáƽʱҲռٿռ䣬ǡ
ӻش֮󣬵ڶƷЩ鵤һһ
аɽɽ֮һռ鵤ȻǷ
ʮƿ鵤͵ĶƷ鵤ĵȼΪƷСΪƷ
֮⣬ƿ鵤Ϊ⣬Ϊƿ֮ϣƵǿҵƿһʽƣһϣԵüΪڲͬȻǷ
ЩƷƷ鵤ȻҲ󣬵ݵλҲδŪ
ֻһۣ־ͽ£һЩ鵤
ƿҩȴӣСһƿʱɫ鵤˳
ŨŨ˲ʯУܵҰݶƱҡ·鵤ΪУɸɾŰݡ
һӣһвžֹ
ʱпգϸϸ
ֻ鵤ɢŵĽƹâоСߣڿնֻǱ鵤֮С
΢΢һڵȻһ֮ڵĸо˿µ
ҩ뵤ƿУת棬īС֣
ԭֵҩ
һŲɻȻ
̶ǼȾϲֹļ
ѾΪϡٵһִδ˵鵤
˵ô˵иƩģͨһôԽӵһ˿֮ޣݳܱ
鵤ܵһöǺ֮ңһ¼ö治֪ʲôʺˡ
Ҳ֪ǡǴõģӦԼͻƶװ벽ʱãȴװױ
뼰ˣ棬ת֣һƿ
ƿϣξһֻסƿУʢŵһɫɢŨ鵤
鵤֮ϣһȦһȦͬˮϸһȻͷĿѣĸо
Ϊһһ㣬Ȼͷˣ͸оͷѣܡ
һöδ˵鵤
ܿԻκֵ
һˣڻ˴ֵд˵ڣͿԽ仯ȥӣΪУǼΪϡһ鵤
Ȼ󲿷ˣûĻᣬҲ֪⡰´ĵõҪ⼫ã
ûϸ룬Щ֮Ҫôã¡
£ҪģȿʣµƷ˵
ǣĿ⣬䵽Щݣʯ֮ϡ
ɫСݣǿ鰵ʯ


806 ⾪ϲ£
Ԫػ޸Ҷ¾󣬷ͭ
һƷݣʯǰͶûеƷ
Ҳ˵󲿷ݶƷϵĶ
ȻƷеȵƷϵ֮䣬ƷҲм꣬Ҳֻ֮һı
ϾƷȵĶ̫ˡ
˵һƷ൱ѧͽյĵͼϣƷǻԪʹõмϣƷѾǴ󲿷Ѩպʹõĸ߼ˡ
Ʒиߵȣ쳣ƷȻҪ˵
ƷǺͷͬľ磬ЩûУƷȴѰ
ģеɫСݡ
˲ɫңͺһ죬ûʲôȴƺڲݵģӵ֮ƣ˼Ϊ⡣
տʼûϳ漴ͳҩһ
Ŀ䵽һݵʱһ۾Ȼ
ǰҩͼ֮ϣһֵСݵģԱߣƷеҩ˥ʮһ֣ʹ۾
Ʒеҩ
ֻѰƷеҩҲͰˣȻѾǷǿ߶ѵһĶݣǣûʲôá
ɵ˥ֳǰڣȴɶȻһ
Ѱ٣Ϊûлᣬû뵽ɴķԸڶߣ˥ѾԼǰ
⻹ǽΣáµĴ䣬ӵеϲ
ݾϲʱԳȣҲЩⲻסԼļ
˥ݣټҩзֵƷµҩؽԼսʱڷֵﻯλ
ȻĻԵɺϣһ·ͻƷǿҩ컯ľ롣
ֻҪҩʣµĸҩݣɴĵλͣŵĴ֮ḻ׿Բ㡣
Ҳ˵ֻҪҪʱԴ˥ţɴæ컯ˡ
һɹ벽֮ƾ˵߳ϵİգһ̤뷨
Ȼʣǰٷ֮٣ܻ;һЩӳɹʵİ취ǡ
˵ˣ˵߳ɣֻҪһɵİգ֪˶֮ͣϧһдҲҪȥԡ
߳ɣѾһܸߵˡ
ˣŻ˼Գ֡
ãŽƽ
΢һ飬ֽҩ֮ϵͼԱΣȷԼûп´ö۵ĻɫСݣȻƷеҩ˥֮û֮ǰļ
ҩȷۣ컯Ҳô׵顣
˵컯ڱһͨʦƸƷ鵤ҲвСʧܼʣȻ˵
˵ûڲϵĶȱƱǶͻƷʵϡԣѳ̶Ȼǳͨ˵
ԣȻɴ츳ˣһִǿӡ
ʹƳƷҲһ׵顣
ڻû컯֮ǰһУ˵ڸˣΪʱ硣
һ룬Ȼ֣ף˥һߣȻ˺ȥһƬҶӡ
֮ǰ̫ϲûע⵽ڶԱҩϵͼŷͼϵ˥ݣһƬҶ
Լֵ꣬ȴϡһЩֻƬ롣
ұƬСҶ֮ϱ˺ʣССȱڣȻЩۡ
룬һƬ˺µ˥Ҷ϶Ǳ·õˡ
˵֪ΪҪ˹Ź֮ݣá
Ϊ壬йأҲ˵һ
ҵǣȻõ˥еһƬʣƬȴܺõıû˷ѡ
ȻΪʱϵһη̫࣬ԲֻԷһСƬ
ֽ죬ûеȻд˻Ե
ȻľЩԼһεĵΪңϵʱ֮׼ȷԼôһˡ
䲻֪Ϊӵ˶ݣǣһжҪˡ
ڣС
ҲΪͻƷһ
뵽ˣٴνСһһóһУװԸõıҩԣʹҩʧ
ʱ򣬸ȥһˡ
Ŀ˸ڽķѾһŵķ롣
аɽ֮Ǵһˣչһʱ䣬úùһЩʱѧΪѨ۷壬лᣬҪһ벽
ڣȻ˥֣϶ҪȥţҩɴȴĴ֮ٿ
ʱ̣ԼԸţٵرչҲһ
ȴҩɣԷһ
Ҫʱ׼߻û㹻İգҪһʱ䣬ԼȻȽΪ۷ĵزԱʱл컯ٿ
ȻڡպδףҲʱ򣬴ձѩãȴһ¼ǵĸףռ丸Ρչ۾ȳˡ
ȳչ֮󣬻һ£Ҫǻһ˸Ĺȣһžۣһ֮ˡ
ʱӦ飬δԲɣգպñɱôܣĶӣȷħݣ¶ûݵڿ
ԣʹֲʣλ顱ռС㣬ҹ£ҲԺЦȪˡ
ԺձѩãҪظȣǵĸɥǴǵ⹫չۻعչȣռ壿߸Լػⶼòĵ顣
ΪһȨԼһУֻȴܰ⡣
ˣһУȵȵȳչ˵
ȻλռȻһϾ˵⹫裬ҲҲձ˷һɡ
ˣЩ£뿼̫࣬ǽԼȥɡ
ܽΣ衣
˼뼰ˣĿٵӹʣһЩ漴һһ
ЩУȻкܶྪϲ˥ݣЩֵ޾Ķȴûּ֮ˡ
ԼͻƷ౦ӽƷرġڤᦡµĳֵӽͨƷĴڣ˵ҲֻһЩı
ԼȥаҲͻƷҲһıѡ
ȻԼòЩûмֵȥ߶һܻܶĶ
Ȼж󣬶ȲϷ˥ݶ塣
Ȼ֮⣬ЩССϲġ
Ʃ磬֮ǰֵǿ鰵ʯһϡҲǡ´УһֿʯСħͭ
֡ħͭħͭһƷߵȿʯֵ֮Բ˵
һƷĵ컯ټ⡰ħͭԺΪﵽѰҵ㹻ʸʦһٲ˵ġ
ϾһֺĶϣȻϲ
֮⣬´еľžҲǷȻǼƷİо
ľоɫֱ࣬ǵƷо貨ӰƷоؾ𣻵Ʒоʮһħ۽Ʒȭоȭ
УȭоûɶãоֵҲ󣬵ҲԽһ
ҪģеǾͽо
ȻѾںһ֣ٶںһ֣ͽȻٴδ
ȻںѶȣӦӡ
ͻư벽֮еʱ䣬ҲȻ˵
ǼɫżףһƷףΪ޹ⰵף֪ΪΣûԼȻҡ
һǼɫӳ´Уĳڤᦡ֮⣬ǿһΪһƷ
˽ֵֻѷĴμƷâһȻҲǼֵ


807 ϣ
ľƷоǼƷ޹ⰵףǼƷǼ֮
Ȼûһ˥ݶҪȣǺҲѼһ
ǵļֲֵһ˵˥ݣΪ˥ݣ컯һζҩѰ˵ƾͻƷĳɹ߳ɡ
壬޼۵ġ
ȻҲ˵ЩͲҪ
ǡڤᦡľƷоƷס޹ⰵסƷʯħͭμƷ鵤ȵȡϡƷ
Ϊ°˴󶥼֮һаɽĸɽ֮һΪаɽɽһռ˶ı
ԣǵļֵȲ˥ݣκһóȥŵ޵磬ֻ¶Ҫ䶯µᡣ
һ룬ǰһƷ˶ԣԶɼĶ
ڣȴΪֻڶеһͷͿУղصĶ֮ḻֱ֮󣬼ֵ֮ˡ
ԼãǵļֵҲ޿ɹĨɱġ
ֻ£ǷǹõʱΪиҪҪ
ˣ˭֪᲻ϻȥתռ峤ɱԷԼĳ£¡
ԣȻͻ˥ݣǰһУѰҡ֡ɴѰ컯ˡ
£Ȼʱ
ԼΪŵѨڣѨ۷嶼ʱû컯ǰᣬҲҪﵽнװ벽۷壬Ǹ߽װ벽
ΪԽߣ뷨ƿԽ컯ͻƷĸʣȻԽߡ
Ȼ˷ȱȻҪʱòźá
ԣ²
˵ҪҲ컯ҲһһϦ֮£⡣
ؾɴõ˥ݣҲͿ¯Ҫһİ˵
¼вãҲв绺һһ˽󣬰ձѩ˵⹫丸Ρչ۾ȳ˵
аɽ󣬾ȳչۣЯһڣĹȣ˽ǰµĳŵ
ʱ䣬ţѰɴİ
ңȻ·;֮аɽֱӸţмһۣҪȻһ˽Ĺȣš
ǣӽĹȣȴҲ򱱶С
ʱӸĹȳֻҪһ·ֱһ·;ܴﵽŵڵأɽ
㣬һ˳ĻҲͶൢһµĹ
лǱȽġ
ʱ䣬ȫȵ
ҪǣҲ֪ɴȵóﻯλٵõؽĿǰ϶Ѿ컯֮˵ҿ϶ܲһҵ˥ݣһϣ
Ще˵ֻҪһϣͲеġ
ȥȥʵӰɴоһ£û̫
·ĹУǿǱԼΪһѨ۷壬벽
ͬʱʱ䣬ҲǰʱԴйŴ֮ϰõȫһ飬ﵽ֮
ڣֻǲݲһ飬ǿţеķؾŵĳ̶ȡ
ˣգ롰𻷡һսҲǱ
ţͬȾΪ磬ʵս֮𻷡壬ֻ߲͡
ʱٴ壬ڤ粻飬֣ҲͲҪˣҲûôĹǡ
֮Լ֮еĸƷٷű֮ڶٴϢôһʱ
ԼΪָ۷ʱڲԥأһݣΪһ⣬μٵسʳ֮ضȥ

λڷĽأɽһš
ãڴ˾ۼЪһƣ˫š
˵ȴҲøʢҪ
һգУɺʱһַǷһ֮У̫ù͵ľװӣЩʲô
˵ûУ֮ǰаɽ䣬ǳֽϣźǧģµȺңս
аɽһɵ㣬Ѿ˴ŵʢˡ
ǰǰҲ˵ˡ˵ǸźǧİаӢȺۻаɽ׼гֽ䣬ǻڣȴ˷ԡ
˵һаɽɽǧͽܣԭӵеһ̳ȨġƷ桯аͻȻɱɱǧһֲɱ׼ض֮λֻǺֱаɽһɽ´ڷѣ
ҪϢǣаɽһ֡Цᡯľ걻һ˵ˣΪħȵİλħ֮һʵ֮
һ˽ָڴߣæ꣬С㣬ǿ֪λħʲôݣ
˶ܣûע⵽ǵĽ̸ŲɵλħȵħԭҲǴһ˵֣ǱضţȴҲ϶˵
˭֣˵ǵȷ̫ѵλħʲôµﲻɣ
˷׷壬Ȼ֪𰸣ͬʱߴ١
λ֡״¶⣬һȦ΢ЦȻȻλħߺ֮ף¼ҵļպá
˵ħ߻ħͶħȣΪ˴ħ֮һλȨءξʹа䣬ضλ֪ʲôıģ
ʲôպãΪħȵħôܣ
ûϢʱ𾪣ɻɡ
Ϣ֮ͨˣҲɳͬţĳҲ˵ˣҲֹãаɽᣬ֮׵ġҲ֣Ϊֹãһսǡ׼һˡպãűסаɽǧҵ
ѾͻƷܸսһֻѷһλպҲͬΰܶ˶˵Ҳͻ˷ħԼĶ֡ħȣǿ£
ǰǰ
ǰ˵˸߲ҵˣÿҲѽ׷һʱɳĬ
˶֪׷ļѣܹôλҶǰ˴ŷѾһλ
ڣһħ֯Ҳ˷壬ȫͬˡ
£ڼ仯ЩƧӴ˴ˣȻܵı仯ƺоЩľ
ȻʱĹȥаɽս䶨һЩϢҲ÷з
ʱ䣬Ľ֮أһƫƧҲۣ˵аۣͬˡ
Աߣһľ֮ϣһλ꣬ܵ˽ȻͬͬȺһɲͬѰڳ˵ʡ
ţҲֻۣżƳǼһۣעĬĬغȲ衣


808 £
ЩЪϢƬ̣ڰס̸Ц
аɽ±ٲңûʲôϵһʱ˵鴦̾Ϣ䣬Ƭ˸߲
һΣ˵ȴйаɽ±ĺ
аɽ䣬аɽɽȺƶᱻ˾ߣ̸޾ۿȥض
֮⣬̫ϻЦᡯľʮȥ߾ţֻʣһλҴ棬µҲ˲Ʋ֮
˭Ҳû뵽һսܼ̳֮λĸɽսԭ̳ˡƷ桯а乴ħߣ󣬾ϡһλ̫ϻš಻Σаɽʮ֮λ̷аŽ
⣬аɽƷаŽƽ̡š֮⣬ƶеһƷµޱߡƷ̸޾أаɽʹ͸εġ̸ҲԭΨһҴ
֮⣬ƶһǿݴɽλһʱûкʵѡڶ೤ѡεʽѡλǿݴаɽ߲㣬ǳ״Ѫһš
һЩ׽ᣬ޾̵˰Σһ˵ӣţȥݣʼȨݴִ£ͼϵݣʼԾ
ϯаȥ಻ﵱڽаɽݳʮ״󣬽ԭͺעĿһվӣҲƫУ󻹴ڶаɽӣԿ裬ʽߵһĵӣӡѪΪһεϯӡһѪаɽȻӭһ֮ʵʻµࡣ
ʱаɽޱȴи߶սûмʵһǧɣΪ˰֮ĩٲµһаڵʢ
ͦδ٣ɾƤ˵аɽָܺܿҳԽΪ˴֮еٮٮߡ
ȻһУаɽܲ˳δͦˡ߲һ£ҲһֿʼҲ˵һ
ţϣҪһ겻ɣ

ϰ壬ˣ
ĬĬؽܱǼаɽ龡նףоǺ˵˵ȥû⣬Ƿȥظ֪֪ĿҲô㡣
վͳöǮ׼ȥ
ڴʱǼУһ˵һ仰ȴͻȻһͣ
ˡ
Ǹ˹أȻӣ˵꣬˵ûУ˵պЮаɽƶᣬаߵ·ϣ̫ƽһλߣȺڰ;롮պսһ
𣬽ô˵˵
Ȥ̲סߴ٣ٴѯʵ
Ȼаɽ֮ϢȻ÷з½֪ƫƧСҲ̸ۡΪ̫󣬸ڲסζϢ
ڵգ뿪аɽ֮Щ˸ʲôȴ̫ˣҲһ
Ȼŵеù˫䣬ʹֻҪ΢΢һǾԶ߰˱һֲֺ
˹Ƭ̣Ͳס˵ߴ٣ֽСһҶ֮ż˵ȥ
ֻ˿ȺλߣҲ֪ʲôһΪǿÿ£²ǷֻҲԶˡ
ѾΪֵġպã˵Ϊһս롮״սһģҲͨܶԸ˵ģأǲΣ
˶Ҫ漴˽־ȻϣλߣȻˣӶݶȥ
˵һ٣ֵ˵λߣǶĳһִΣҲ˵ģ˫أԶȥ飬ҾͲ֪ˡ
ԭˣ
Щɲ֪òŵʱ򣬰ȴ˼䣬ƺ뵽Щʲô΢΢һЦ
漴ԥֱӽöǮľϣһѾƮȥ
ôˣŲ죬˵Ĵ֮ϣ϶Ҫ˼һ
ͥŲƺÿһڱ֮ļ϶Զ˲˷ֺ֮ľ롣
ôȴûбһ֮ܿϣ˳ȾˮûմϰΡ
˲֮䣬Ѿ֣һͳԶȥٶȾȻþˣԲһλˡ
λ꣬ȻǴаɽ뿪ɡ
뿪аɽ֮칤ɽɽ𻷡һս֮󣬾Ͳ伣һ·ߵĽأù벻׷ѰŻָ˱Ŀһ·С
磬ЪţȴǡаɽĺϢҲǲһꡣ
°˴󶥼֮һԭĵĶڣһսȻˣ˸̾
Ҫǣԭлᵱļλǿߣ硰źǧģ£Ʒ桱аˣҪôߣҪôս
ǻ㣬ȴȴװױ˱ˣñѼ̫ϻš಻Σ
Ѿûжºûȴǰһλ
֮ǰûκһˣ뵽аɽⳡֽ䣬ݱ˽ֵģȻ˴˵֮⡣
һ룬ҲȻ
аɽ߲һսī೤ִͽӣһܷڣΡ
ҲֻΪ̫ϻġš಻ǿܱţػаɽһʱˡ
ֻҪаɽɹΣѰӰˣšȻͻжΡ
ԣ޶࣬ЩȨѽѽûκ塣
Ǻаɽǧҵһһ٣Ҳδػ棬
ֻû뵽ǣպ뿪֮󣬾Ȼ˴սһҲʤܾˡ
΢һ룬Ѿףպõˣֻ¾ǼһҼȴʳһ֮ĺߣλ۷ˡ
ǴӴսʼԺһֱ
ԭ֮ûг֣غˡպõıؾ֮·ϡ
⣬Ҳ֣֣δزܳá
ֻ뵽˵ݣЩ׹
֮սǾ֮սò롣
ΧҲ̫࣬Щ²Уԣغˡպõıؾ֮·ϣȴ
Ȼܶӵŷа汻ظš
뵽ˡףϾ롰պʶһʹɱ֣һսȥҲԲŶڰ·
ֻǣʵǿ˶صġպҲֻǴƽ֣ܾ˶ѡ
˫ѶȥƶҪٵˣʱڲ֣ʹˣҲľˡ
¾ĵķǿߣҲǷǿߣͨ벽ɱȵġ
֮״̬µġպһսʵ֮ǿѾ
ʳػߵʵȻܲ̾δɷҲͨˡ
ţֻҪ½ʲģ֮ضٴγ֣պδûټ֮գҲûжٸˡ
ǳаɽ֮䣬ջʲô½ֻʲô֮֡
ֻ֪ĿǰҪһ£ǴٳһԲ˽Ϸ˵Ը
ţ컯´䵽֮ǰһƣ̤Ϸ֮λΪ½ΪһС֮һ
ǰ֮·һȲţԶš
Ҫ˵ƿһð¡
ڣƷݣﻯλؽ˥ݡۣϣ
ֻҪɴƳ˵еƷ컯δķǿУδûһϯ֮ء
뵽ˣвɸһ֣һŸϽ˽ռ֮£Ȼǰš
˳֮ٶٴμӿ˼֣ҹϢͣ۵糸
תۣСʱȥ
ڣһ죬ٻؽǸٸнĵطޱ߳ǡ


809 
ޱ߳ǡ
ȥھңǧɣ羵ʯͷ
ǽƺУ䶥
ߣͷŶĦ࣬ͷᤴһۿͷ
ǽһǣޱ߳ǡҲҳ֮ףΪΪ貵һ顣
ڶ飬¼ٿɽᣬʶޣʯ׿żƷģ컯ɱħһλ
õɽƬĵڶ飬ɽƬһʶһİ֮̽һںףӶ֪һҵ£˽꽭¼λĿһУļպõһУѪ˫֣
󡭡Ǻᣬȣ𽣣ʶʤѩ콾
̤˵Ͼʿ޵̨Ӷһһߵ֮һ¡
һеһУòͬ
վǸ޴ĳŶ֮£Ŀ⣬Ҳɱпǧ
ֵܣӣˣ
ѩʱ䲻֪һпɺã
ڴ˵ؽĵһַչεȵزˣ
˵ޣĪͶλؼʦﶫˣֱôˣ֪ɻסϰߣɻڸУ

һеһУʶͷȲ޲һ˫򣬷ɻ˽һС
ȻϣȴһɴݵƵ
Ҳû֪ͨձãư֣ӵǰӭӣ˳̤С
к·˳Ϥĵ·һ·ڵأٱȥ

ٱ֣λڳޱ߳ļֵ֮һ
ҹٱָͨͨС
Ϊҹǰٱһ̣󡱣ޱ߳Уڶָӡ
һ·֮ϣ죬֮ŵƽʣһϲ
ϲ֮УλڽжεһϺڹŸſڸǻ֮ϲˮйͨ
ֵָĴϲʱλޱ߳ǵܲҲٰʮŻȤĻ¡
֮Уһ꣬˳ʩʩȻߵĿӹſڻ۲ɢڶȺ۾в񣬷Դһ˿ϲ⡣
Ŵѱˮйͨľ΢΢һЦɴҲţֱͨһƧСһֻиڸ߹ʿ֪Сš
Ƭ֮˳תݣ¥һŸ󣬰һͭ塣
Ƭ̣ŵŵšһ¥УһæòɿĻ꣬ǸӦʲôȻһ漴ɫһϲ뵽ʲôæе齻һ̺ƹ񣬵Ӵһ¡
˵꣬Ҳƹʲô飬æתŶ¥ȥĿɿڴƹ
ЩСŮͬı顣
ƴһΪ˿ͣϿҪʱһȱϯһȴԱ
ôˣֻеһС룬Ȼ˦ֶȥһλƹɲƽ硭
β²⣬λƴӣУţҲð
ȻлɣֻýӹĹһƬУϹϾļʢ
ţǸΪɣĿɿڴһĻˡ
ԭΪֻ뿪Ƭ̣ܿƴӣֱӲ˲˵
Ƭָ̣ʢʽļλܣ´ӣչӣС㣬ȻͬʱϻأȻзֿ¥ϸȥ
Աʧݾͷλʼߣһʱͷˮ֪׷ʲô顣
ƽʱҵλܣͬһʱص󣬲¥֮ϸȥټƴӣλܶȥˣ£
¥
Ȼ뵽ʲôɾȵһ
Ϊ˶֪ȻԽһ¥㲻˷ӼĹ˿ͣǣλϰȴĵ߲⿪š
ǵ¥˵λܣҲȥ
ΪֻһˣĴϰ壬λصġӡһСƽʱˣҲ롣
ãλɣλմС㣬벼ãֱʣˡ
ƽʱλºͣ˵ǷʲôҲ˵ʲô𼸾䣬ٺ»¡
һˣƹأϵ¥ƽҵãΪ˶ྫܸɣһ⣬ǾϢֻбƸһ³
һΣһλλȨأҵ˵ĸƹֻ¥һۣλֱ֪죬ӴˣҲû˸ϵ¥
գλ£Ȼͬʱۼ¥ĪǣĴϰ壬λ˵УĪ⣬ħһġӡˣ
漴ЩƹŮͬʱɫ˭Ҳٶȥ
Ϊ뵽ǸأСĿһµ¥ˣ³
ĻĴϰ壬λĪġӡ飬ǸҴ
òźһݲ£ʹٺ棬ҲԸΪɣˣǿǱʹĳͷ
ԣ˶Сֻһֺֹ֮ܿȷæµԼ飬˽
Ҵ¥ϵĶҪı֤ʢĳɹλϰ塱Уºõӳ


¥
ư֣ӣձѩãֱǼѾûеյż䣬漴һ꣬΢Цϣǡ
ǣˣ
˵ı飬ǹȻǾϲȻ󣬱۾׷ͨ졣
ͬʱʲôͬʱȭһǰȥ׵İҾһݣϲص磬ڻˣ
һ̣ʮĿԣǧһоڲС


810 
Ϊ׵̫ʦϣĿư֣ӵһתȻ۾¶һ˿ɫһ˿΢ϲ⡣
ǣͻѨˣ
⻰ҪǶױߵλư֣Ӷ˵ġ
һֱƣ¶ˣƺΪ츳ԵԲ㣬ֻ֮ʱûģͫձѩЩ֮׷ͻѨ
ƫƫǣһֱڻԪ磬Խס
û뵽һ࣬⽭֮أճתǾȻԼԶͻƳѨ⻹һ֮ϲ
һϲʱ䣬֮̽ϵĳӣҲڴ鵤ҩĸ£׳Ѩڡ
ȻʹΪѨʵҲڶѨ֮еףôҲһλѨǿ߲ǡ
ΪԶͨԪӿԱġ
ǵġ
Ѿư֣¶һ˿ϲɫȻҲЩϲԼʱĳɾ͡
ԭûзɸ봫Ϊ˸һϲȻĿĴﵽжЩСС㡣
ͬʱţ츳Ϊ֮£ȴһԶԶ˦ͬʦҲ΢ôһ£Ѿˡ
漴뵽ʲôͬʱһ֣ҾЦϲ磬֮һķţ¡
ȻǶѾ֪徳ʿĽ
֮ȷһգʹ¡ʹ䣬˽Ҫ˵ǿעˡ
Ȼûǰ徳ʿĽ֪û뵽ܴ˸ΣȻΪˡ
ֻһֱü棬ҲûйֱȻ⣬Ҫ֮£ǹ徳ʿȡõĺóɼ
ǺǣǺǡ
˰֣ʾǶöҲûڴ֮϶˵Ժصҿ¥»ڶȺǿҵ֮ôֹôǵϣչʲôزˣ
ǲ㣬ҵ
ѩһЦƤص
һת֪ȻʱģɫΪ⣬ݸ磬ʹޱ߳Ѿָټܲһݵ㡣
ټһЩָĿǰչѸͣѾгΪļ̻֮һλ¡ս𡣡
ٹ꣬ԽΪģܷ䣬Ѹٱ鲼ĿĿ
ǺǣһŲǣ
ЦǺǵؽӹʱֻ㿴һۣе飬֧¼Ȼ֪о츳ԲɵΪǵĳɼеľ
ֽϣӻӣãܺãǶûекܴΪǣǵľӪ£Ҳϣ٣˵ؽǾӪȻûܺã
˼˼䣬뵽ʲôһ֣гһ䣬ҴռһЩԴȥ䵱ĻԴɣЩʱգҲˡ
˵꣬ͽö˹ȥ
ֽӹΪ׼ǵģû¾ơ
Ծ΢΢һ̽漴ϲ¶ޱȵľϲ֮ɫ˶ϡݣʯҩţһƷоã̫ˣ
䣬ھϲ֮ɫصһֱ෢չһЩеͽ̵ǲ򶥽׷չӵеĶԴʵ̫ˣóЩǼʱꡣ
ЩСܱ֤ð꣬󣬱ؽһ¥ͨպ󣬹Ŀ࿴
ʲôʲôȻ۹һ޵ϳ¾ϲˣ
״ư֣ձѩãҲɺ׷״ӳнӹ䣬漴Ҳһ¶ɫ
ⴢ棬òϵһЩݣʯţҩرȫС
棬ͷȻյõģ´еһЩԴʮƿУϣƷ鵤
ϲ˵ֻ߰ƿƷ鵤ͼֵˡ
ΪѨ۷ûжԶЩ鵤ֵ󣬵ѸͷչеȴǴͨ·Ҫ֮һ
Ȼƿδ˵鵤ȴˣûнǡ
һǴʵóȻ֣һûչ̻ԣǻǸ˲ҪĿӺ͵⣻
ҲǴͷ̫󣬻ϡƷһ֣ܱ˲³õĻˡ
Ҫǣƿ鵤мֵʹѨ۷Ҳһ֮ңƿ鵤мõġ
ԣҪ֮ãܽóΪչһЩӡ
Щ֮ǸŵıУҲûмΪһ̻ͨ۵Ļϣ˵гһգõǵĻᡣ
ʹˣֻЩƷ鵤Ʒ鵤ıˣڰ˴󶥼УҲڶԴ֮һ
һ̻ͨᣬóЩΪ֮ѾԴ֪ˡ
мƿԴٽΪ鵤׼Ǵձѩưֳ˵ġ
˱ǩ˲ͬԣ˷䣬ųӻõģⲻġ
Ȼ˶Щǩ֪͸֮󣬶¶˼Ϊм֮ɫ˭Ҳûж˵ʲôֲ鿴ʣµƷ
ʮƷݣʯҲǼΪ֮
ԼòϣҲƲۣ˴ﵽƷħͭ˥ݣƷ£ǡ
Щ˺ԣȴһʾ˵ĲƸ
ҲϣҪѾ˼ҪõĶ࣬ϾչԽãԽ׳ӵеĲƸԽܷ࣬ϣٽķչ
ȻЩƷ棬ĻЩǾƷȭоȭǼƷף޹ⰵףԼǱƷ
˴μƷâԼòϣ͸Уʵǿѩ
޹ⰵףֵǣǼõķ֮͸֮еĳӡ
ϲҲҪһֱ֮ԷΪϧõ
ǾƷȭоȭ͸Կ£ַΪձ
ţƷȭоԴַŵ˵ʺϵ
ֻҪ͸ưʲôЩͷۡ
԰ҩЩƷֵ
˶ˣҲܶһʲôҲ
룬ǾƷо貨ӰĿһ֮󣬾ͽƷо͸
ʹҩˣ׷ں֮ܶϡ
ǿҲǵʵɱӣԵõưҲǼΪϲǱţ֡
ЩﶼǴаɽɽеõ˵Ĳ²⣬Ҫ鷳͸Լõλѡ
ǿǵʵҲԼߵȻۡ
µĳǼҰײᦣƷرڤᦡΪ̫ۣԼϡ
ֶǲǵĺãȻΪǴǻˡ
ԺлᣬԼһ֣һЩԼõıɡ
ϲ֮Ƭ̣ưӣԸȥ
ǿóλ˿һķչ֮⣬ƺҪձѩ˵ΪǼģԼڣ䣬˽̸
ӸտʼЩĪưֶʹʹɫ׹䣬һ̵ˡ
˵һӵôඥԴ´õĴ󲿣֮ǰһЩղأôģһȫǡ
ΰЩԴһ¥ͳеĴ¡
Ǽ޹ⰵףҲϲý֪˴˱ףԼǣҲıⳡϵвԼһЩùֶˡ
˶ҪҪæ¥ŸУʱֻʣձѩ˶ѡ
˴ʱҲеԾ֪ƺлҪ˵ʱһԼ³Щʲôڴ


811 
磿
ѩЩʵ˫СߣϿЩʲôȺڴִһ˿
Ȼûй˵
ֻǣ΢Ц֣ѩ֮Ҳûعȣǵĸˡ
ģ
ȷĻձѩһ˲㶼˷ѡ
ʹڹ֮ʱȣ翴һԸǸŵĵط
ԼĸһڹУΪŮһ˿ǸκͻжĸŨŨĵġ
Ͼпһˣʣĸһ棬ֽŽϣ㡣
Ȼ뿪֮ʱΪձѩȷģչʾԼӵһԶ룬֮ؾͲòӿͷ֮Էתơ
顣
ԣ֮ʵҪعȿһ
ֻһֱҪôæս¹˥ǲ᣻Ҫôæµ徳ʿޣǲԸţ谭ǰ;־ֲᡣ
ֻǣʱ佥뵽֮ǰԼĸ֮ʱĸ׵˵֮Ԫԣϣ֮ǰܻȥһۡ
пܣǸ˵ͷܹЦȪ޺ȥ
һֱĸ׵λˣ鰵ã˽֮أ̽ԷϢֻнչҲƬë۽ǣ׷ٵԷټ
аҲһֱڵȴĻع飬ǳŵܲǵԼĸˡ
û뵽˵ع֮ڣȻмȸּһݰĸжΪ׵ؼǵԼĸ׵ĳŵеˣȻԳ֡
ѩĵشǱϣɰĺơ
һַç׾ձ˻ҲɵЦֵлл磬ʲôʱȥȲȥĸϴˣ
ѩ˻Ϊǳ˳ŵɲĿŭһԼĸ磬ֻǲ룬ֻЦЦΪ⡣
һͶֻڴ֮ǰǻһҪ
ʲô飿
£ѩҲˣ֪Ҫ˵ģʲô顣
ȳǵ⹫丸Ρչۣ

Ŵ֮ǰһֱԼ⹫ɴձѩȻ
̶ֲ֮һ˲䣬ͬʱ˫Ŀͨ졣
磬⹫˼һţôĿ࣬ǸɺޣһǼһҪΪĸ׺⹫𡭡
ѩ˫۴ᣬձֱӺ޺һȭ磬⹫ǿȥѾȲˣ
֪Ϣʱɵĳ嶯ҲʮǵУҲ˳;棬ջصŸһ糾ͣϢһµ飬ֱӵ˵ͷãھʹȥһžۡ
ߣ
䣬̤Ÿձѩ̸ϣӰ۵糸ܿ뿪Ÿһž˵ĵ·ɳ۶С

Ƭ֮ձѩöˣһ·ת۾͵˵ں״СɽٹƬ֮ڣϤĳӳǰ
žɽ֣ƧϹȣһٲ齦
⹫
ձѩˣһ·ۣ΢ľһĻʵڿʲôεӣһ֣ʵ
ٲ֮С
һЦָָǵľ޴ٲ漴Ҳ˵ľ㵣ֱһչͳǵٲֱȥ
ձѩ״в˼飬ĻǾԲỳɣҲһչβ׷ȥ˲ͬûٲ֮С
ۡ
죬ûٲ֮ˣǰһǰһ˶ʯʯڹҳƣɭʪһ·Уڣ˴֮ǰڵǼʯ֮ǰ
ʯţʱʯγ֣һߣͷ޴ͨ壬ͷɢںУλռѵõ걱һλǿߣ丸Ρչ˭
⹫
Ȼϲλ˵ݣǿѣȻһĪ
֪λض˵ռļȻ׵굽׷ʲô飬⹫ĥǲ˲ͬʱ˹ȥ
⹫⹫
лں׸˵֮ʱȫ޶ȥˣǻ΢΢һ漴ǸӦʲô̧ͷؿ񱼶á
㣬ǡ
˻Ʋϵ𣬵ǿձѩһȻɫһȻĪǣǡѩ
⹫
ձѩҲϵĶرסߣү۵һĻ۽ҲĪ΢΢ʪ
ǵؾۣĺһ˳ȥ
ţ̫ãͻ³ġ
Ȼ
ʯ֮Уһ漴͵͵Ľ̸֮Ƭ̣ԡһһϹҫչ۵ĺʱжϣΪ롣
⹫ȳȥɣ绹أ
磬ѵλС֮ûֻҪϷպָܻһؽ۱մ˶
ţȳȥɣ
ͳûãӰһλ׷ߣ߳Ѩ
̫һ̣ߵӺȻȻһͣס˽Ųǵ˫ĿУһһˮʪա
ʮڵû뵽ؼյһ̡Уٸн
˫ᣬΪʮһ¼⣬˫۴ʹչԭҲмˮ
վһԣţȻҲɲһ˿Ľ
һҵң˿̣žۣأ
ȻΪ֮ңգǹһˣ
˿һ潲Ȳռ˴˿̵Ҹɣ


812 ع
ã߲ƺع̰лعͷǸһЦˣˡлľϷⱲû
ǰˡ
ȻȷԼȳ˶Էʮ֮࣬ϾԷΪձѩףݶζԾӵġ
˵꣬ҲΪãžһ˿Ҳֻǻ
΢΢һЦӹһ鹧һҲûʩӡ
״߰ͷĿһ£΢ӦЩĹߣһֱ᲻ֹ˼ӡ
Ȼ
ЩλػںףûмˣǵһȻֻһΣȴԶӡ̡
ڣǴ˾һһžۣݶ飬ȥ֣ԷӹԣƷһˣҲ̾
ֻЩֵǣλЩһֱչλˣȴ֣ѵ֪ǰ˵£
⣬ֻҪһ˿ٲʯΣ϶Ӧģֱڣѩնɲֻ֣һ͡
Ȼɻ΢΢һЦλǰˣĿǰѻٳˡ
һ٣ּǰ֮ٲʯҲûκδڵıҪˣزһǰϢ֪ͨ˶Էǰصġ
ձѩãһͷˮĿֵˡ
ǲ֪ں״ʯΣһ飬Ϊһ֪Լ⹫ϢԴȣȻǿ˵ġһλǰе죬Ծ
չۣûн͵˼
һЦʶȤĶû⡣
߰ɣ
ʯУѾձѩԼĸ׻ҴϢ֪εȿ£̵ĶԴŭڡ
ʱΣȻЩȲֻ뾡ɵǴĹȣԼŮһ棬Լһ˲У۹뻨ʱȥһˡ
Ȼȴҡҡͷǰ˼Ů֮飬ϷҲ뿴ĸףձⷬģȻ֪ۡ
Ȼسǣǰϴһʳһ㣬Ϳҩ࣬ҹĹȣزǰ֮ģΣ
ձѩȻҲмԼĸףҲ֪һλ˲Ÿմгҹ·ҲͷԱȰ⹫һ̣ƺһˣٶҲܸ죬һʱ䣬ܿܲ𣿡
ţ
˵չ룬ٵͷ˿ԼһƵ·۳ҲӦûǿ˵ͷҲã˵Ķĥ󿳲񹤣ҵȷҹ¿Ϊӡ
ߣ
ձãһһңҲϵ۳ˣ磬ٵޱ߳Ǹϻء
غڲ࣬ҲȻΪùǱᴩһΪϣðٶҲСʱ˾ͻصޱ߳ǡ
׼ԡͰҩ飬ȫձ˰죬ȴ¥ż䣬ٴλư֣ˡ
ԼձѩԶһ˵Ϣ֪ƣ¶ˣ˵½ڴ󣬲ʵޣǸͻȻԼҪķﶫ˵Ϣ
ƣ¶˿У֪һкãûʲôⷢﶫҲһֻʱЩؾٶ˲⣬ΣľٶҲͷ
ޣԷΪԣﶫˡ
ֻҪûΣ£ڣмĳ߶ȣƳ¶Լա
ԺٹЩ񣬶ư֣´вþ
ٹһʱ䣬󳹵֮Ҳѡһأһ˻ƽʱֻҪһڴմ־ͺã޵֮ˣΪȡ
ԴˣưȻڴӦֻг´ЩΪȻ
ֻǼȻķԸȻҲᷴȤҵһ飬ʵڲУֱưֻڴţڽͺá
Ȼм˼Ҳǲס
ֻ´־ڴˣҲѾѨΪһΣգҲвˡ
˵´ҲһˣȻƿس߶ȡһڣˣʡ֪
ʱˣǱүҲʰòˣȥһ棬ûжģ漴͸뿪ȺڴС
Ȼûãϴȥһ۹ͷҲ·ҲˣҲͿҩֱ࣬ƻһ˵ռ
չۣڣõ£˳
˶һۣһΣûκγɣͬʱ߰ɣǾϻظȣϣü
֮ڣ˵ϷԸԼʱ֮󣬵˭˵أǰʲô⣬νã϶Ҫʹ
⣬ȻҲ뿴ġ
ˣ˳ޱ֮߳һ·򱱣ӶСչδɻҪð֣ˣΪöѨΪٶȻ
תۼʮȥչΪöҩǱᴩļ˿Ѹٽ̣ģȻָһ˿жȻٶû˿죬ҲȵѰˡ
һþͿ΢٣ڣٹգĹȽ
ձѩãռչۣϢɼһЩٶȸ죬


813 ĸ
ع֮·Ȼѡ˵뿪Ǽԭ
֮⣬ҪصĹȣٴӸȥ
һҵıסһټôɣǾͲǻعȣˡ
ο֮Уһȫϵ峤ڡΪ¹δػȴܸܿԲֱˤ÷ǡ
ԣ˴ˣԭĵ·һ·ǰУգڴǼԭƬվ»صԭձѩһĵط
˻δѨʱܴ߳
Ҫ˵ʵȫǣһЩޣ赲סǵĽŲ
Ϥĵطǰ
ͱǧУֱƶˡ
֮£һƬС֡
֮һ¶ӳеСݡ
ձѩãڼƬСʱüΪСݣԥ漴Ų٣۾ͨ죬ֱӲˣֱСݱȥһʱ˲кˡ
״һЦҲΪ⣬֪ǽӣȴƲסĵĵǺԲ˾ٶҲ
ȻҲ˵˵أСݣЩǶԾǵ˫ۣһ˿飬һ˿Ȼ
ձýѣ˽ȥ
״֪һž۵ʱ̣ԼһˣšתʱͿռһĿڣԼ֮⣬һСľݶ
ľݼªʱ䲻˾סҲɨЩطСݣҳ»һССķ壬Ҳǻҳ
һĻȴֻůٸн
ǰȥɢϵĻҳժ£У漴֨ѽһƿľСţ˽ȥ
һȥɨ㣬ҳ漴ڴ֮£
⴮С壬ǵΪ˸Ӵձݣѩ͹ġϲ֮һ¾ӽɣù͸һֱڴͷ
ֻǺ뿪ʱժ£⡣
з紵ľɵļ׷壬ͻᷢણણણડöȴһίĺҡ
˰Σ߳νȻߵ˵Լˤµĵص㡣
̧ͷͷ٣ɲ̣⡣
ʱ䲻ԭ׹ˤϵһЩһƬһƬ١
Ȼ̾˿Щٸн
Լڣʥȣմˤɷ飬ЩҲнյġˡ
ˣˣйƶ·ã
ǸСѩԼڲԶɽУõ˴ؼõ۳
Ϊ۳Լǹƶһ߽׻üеĵһ֣
Լ˵ת۵㣬һ㲻
磬˹ʱ㸲ΣաСɽʱȻ࣬ȴѳѵõһļ䡣
Զ
ãּǰƬ֮󣬲֪Ѿɽȶϣ۳𣬺ͷִ֮ʯǰ
ʯʷΣܱӳУʯڣȴѿˡ
ѱա
߹ȥϣĿʯڡ
һοʯڣĸвͬ
һУһУϥҫŰâзת
ǴҲ֪˭ڴˡ
꣬϶һλǿߣ˵أڴɽסһʱ䡣˴֮Ƕ۳ȥ
Ҳ֪λǿߣ˭źεݣεٹ⣬εΪ϶Ҳһ򵥵ˡ
ǰֻǼ򵥵ڣٶǰʯڣʹѾȾƷȻãʯϵ̵ĴҲûԼô򵥡
ǰãԼ粻ô飬ΪǣʶҲ֮ǣȴãʯڷһַתĸо
УȻһͼڻУԭĽȻͬ֮ƺȫԼĵƷ֮¡
Īǣ
Ȼ뵽Īǵ꣬Լģԡͼıࡣ
ľ裬Լûѧ
ֻеԼΪгɣ۹ǣܿصǷͼʶԡͼԼǰ򵥡
ѵ
ԼİƷȻﵽ˵ƷϵĹ
˼뼰ˣȻ
עĿͼУһѨλͬ棬ŹŲһºȻڵӦһһһһһһ
Ƭ̣·һƬǿתӵþˣǷͼȻ·һ𣬱Ժ
ԽУԽĥԽ£ԽͬΡ
ֻǣϸƷƬ̣Ȼֲ̾˿
ϧԼѾȾǼԵܹ档
Ȼˮ壬淴ɵľͲǶΪѪ壬ȫѶˡ
ǣܵõһкֹ乲ĸ񹦣пܣֹͬʱɡ
ֻϧ񹦣δţֵƷʹ䲻ͻܺƽͬʱģƷҲҪŹһС
ѾĵƷķ䣬ȥܽһͻĶأ
ĿǰҲֻܵһؽˣѷͲ
ԼѾ˾磬ȡ̣ԣһ֣Ҳֻܵһȴòˡ
ԼܣձѩҲܡ
һֱԥܲѰһŸƷ׹ǵΪ
ϧƷѣﵽƷȴǳ˵ΣΪʸ񲢲
Ҳ˶ӦѩһΪ´󹦣ڹĻ
ԣһƷϹͼǲܵ飬պҲһôĵƷ
һ»ãҲ֪Ҫȶ꣬ڵõľ棬ǡ
֮Ҳʲô鷳ֳɹ
ΨһɵǣѩһֱģҲˮһĹóȻ˴֪ûʲô󻼣
в֪ܲʹ࣬ʲʺϣ
ʱ򣬹ԽǿԽãԽʺԼԽá
УҲֻձߵľǴַţһͣԹá
ѩУҲֻպлᣬıһڹƷ½סĻˡ
ڴ˵
˵ؼžһҸոžۣ϶кܶ໰ģܶҪ
ɴ಻Ҫǣʯʯ̨֮ϣԴйŴеõ
еķؾ֮ǰһֱŶ룬ʱȻ뵽Լӡ´еõǼҲǻκֵ
̷¼ؾʲô
뵽
һ֣һ̯һö׵ĵƿʱ֡
ƿûԥֱһ֣˿С
Ϣ֫ٺȫŲæһؾؾҩ֮⡣
Ȼ֮ǰôĽͬһΣͬˮɣķؾԭͰ֮٣һ·裬ܿ죬֮
һͲ֪ʱ֮ţֱɫĹ
ʯ⣬ѰҲѩڴ˵ط˵ϷҪһ档


814 Ը
ãҸȥϷˡ
Ȼտʼ׹ʱλϷ˶Լ̬Ȳãϸߡգһʱ֮ء
뿪֮ʱǽԼһ˫ŮȫȨиһ뿪չˡ
ΣݽУڼ磬ȴֲɸж
ԣʱգػظȣΣҪȥλϷһ档֮ǰΪһžۣкܶ໰ҪܶԳҪ
ʱֽ˽ᣬԴʱλϷˣŻѩѰԼǰ
ǱȥɣһǸжǾñҲǶиԼһֽ
ûйĽУƽһԶŮأ˶Ϊ˺Լһ°˴󶥼֮һĵӣΪ㶼ͻѨҲ½ûµµ
õģ磬
֪ΪΣλоѩ࣬ǰû޼ɡ
üɲм䷢ʲô飬϶Ǹղһǳžйء
ûʣҲʡ
Ը⣬ѩվ֪ԸҲԵ
Щ飬ǿ󣬲ǿ
Ϊǿ󣬿ܾ˫Ϊѣʹ졣
ʱ̣ѩ϶Ҳ֡û˵Ȼǲ˵Լˣֲܲ˵мᡣ
ʱ̣ԼǲҪѹĺá
ĬĬţ˭Ҳûٿ˵
֮һƬĬֻԵķ磬ںХһ˴ʱ顣
飬Ǻټģа类һʯͷѹš
֪ղŵ׷ʲô飬ΪѩἸʱģǰһֱܻãܰ˵ģôҲ֮Ĭôá
ж˲֪õʱ䣬ȥ֮·ȻޱϤ
ĬĬţϤ·Ƭ̣صɽ£УǼС⡣
߽ǰѩƺЩջǹţˣ
ӣ
ڣһɬձѩ
ˡ
ԣ˵ͷҲûԥŶ룬߽ڡ
ѩ룬˳ֹϷš
Ŀ⳯Ĵһ΢΢һ
ڡ
һɫۣȻΪϣƵλүӣףĿ⾼һԲ
Աߵ֮ϣϷԶڴˣϸһƤԼ֮ʱֿӿݣŧģƺۣСĲɣֻһۼ
ձվ齱ߣжһҩ룬ͷ룬Ҳֻ̧ͷһۣ漴ְܿͷȥ۾ƺЩء
ɲַŻ𱬵ձӣղһǷЩʲô
оյ쳣У΢΢һƺЩʲô
Ҳôֻ̽΢΢ǰϵϷһ񣺡˰ãʹر
ãܺá
Ϸ˶֮ϣΨһõıǶ˫Ŀʱһ̲ס˼֡
ѯ˵ѾҵǸħӰˣأ³ʲô
ԣ֪֪˵ħ˽ԴġպãҲԥֱӿڵħǧָǰһսܣֱǿ߻ˣӶȥ֪١
һ٣ּ˰˸֣ѣڽ
ãܺã̫˰
˵ĻеģϷ˺ȻЦЦô棬ЦЦ󶼲Ǻѩæȥ±Ż
֮ݶþãδڡ
ڣҲû˿˵һƬţֱյʱֺ
Ϸڵͷ´û뵽Ҳ³˵ΪĿˡ
лл㡣ʱ̣ܸϻϢ֪ȫشһԶŮѰĸףչۣź˵⾪ϲ£԰뿪ˡ
ĻУŨŨ⣬һ޷ƣ
ͷ֮ޣͬʯѹôꡣȻ󣬻ûмǸ˵ͷ֪ѣұȫ׷ɱһĻԸпĪͷʯһȥƺ˼ꡣ
ףعⷵյıˡ
֮ǰѾеԼԪֹڴϲˢ󱯣Ȼοǣļ˱仯ʵӴ
ԣףϵʱգֻ²᳤ˡ
ѡ֪һǣϷ£Ҳһӵ¡ΪʧţҲźߣ̡̫
ҲΪ޶ǰһһ㣬ж˽кޣߵðȻߵѣǣҡ
⣬ҲһֽѰɣ
롣
ӣȴ˶ԸֲַһԶŮɲģؼҸ֮û
ҲûʲôñģǸ͸һö𽣣Ȩл͸ɡ޹շǷֺ˽ȣûأ
˵̧꣬ͷĿʾ⣬ձ״ҩ룬֮£һúõĽУس˹
ûнӣǿϷˣϿҵصϷˣáպĿģĳĳҲû˵һһ򲻸ܣ˻ջȥɣǴѩҲһΪ
˭֪ϷԣȴȻŭޣôǸĶҶŮϣմȾϢ
ҪǸ޹ϵԶмĻᡣԶ¼ҳκεĹϵ⣬ҲҵģԴңԨʼ
ԣʱĬȻ
׹ΪʲôϷ˲Ͻνġ𽣡ԼĶŮԭǲ˽ϵ丸ס
Ȼ֮ǰϷ˴ûи߹ǣڹ꣬ϴ̽ʵҲ˼ֻ֣һֱţûеõ֤ʵѡ
ڣϷʱ޶֪࣬뽫ЩܴĹȥ˵ձѩҲȨ֪ǵ˭ϲ˵֪֪ȴǱҪġ
ˣȻղһ棬ϷѾеһжǴʱͱ仯Ҳһжйء
ɻԥʱױһֱĬӲڵչۣȻҲڵ°ɣһ˵ֻһһֻ𽣣Ҳǵ֮ġѵҪһңһֱж𣿡
⻰Щ˵ˣԣĿһǰձѩֻҲ˵ͷҲԥؽӹⷽУڵǺãͺոлϷ˴ˡ
ûʲôʾ뻳У˳ȥϷţһСǵʱ⡣
ȴصԼǼСľݣ֮£ͳУ򿪡
һ˲䣬ĿУʷһϽɫλε𽣣ֻһۣ⣬ӭ
۾
Ȼв²⣬ӡ𽣡ȼУ²⣬ǲɳһ̶еľϲ
һ֣ӴУͳͬĽ𽣣ŷһ
ֻһţʾͬ
ǰߣǽƵɫһϽ֮ɫԵࡣ
ңǶصĽѨڵеһľԼ𽣵ǿ
Զ׼ܱ꣬պأȡҹ£𽣣϶ʮֲֻ±֮ǰ¼ҵõġȡߡ𽣻Ҫֲǿöࡣ
һȻ
𽣣Ϊ¼ʧ֮У˽Ľ𽣡
˽֮У۴˽ǰ
۹˽֮һƿ֮


815 
ûϵϷ˸ģȻ𽣡
⻹Щˣһı
ҲЩϲ
ϾһıѿۣƩƷȵڽʯ֮ǰõ䱦˷ޱȡ
ʯӵ˸ǿ󣬸һЩĴμƷâƷȵҲͶˣֱһ֣ŵ͸ѩ
ûѩҲ޷򵥵ؽ⹫ȳ
ԣ֮˵ҪԣԵġ
ãȻ¼һЩûãƷٸߣҲܿϡ
һѽߵ⣬һƽء
ǰһ޴ɽʯʨֳʨʯձѩżȻֵġ
ϲ˵أڴʯ֮ԣ£ʱҪԽɽʯգǺʲ
ͳ𽣣עһ˿漴֮ϣâǣһʱƺӯӯ
䳯ǰʯһӡ
͡
Хһ̣ٽٵɫ飬Ⱥ˲䶴ʯ
Щʯ֮ԾͷϰףٴһƬ֣ɢ
߽һֻǿʨʯʱѴģмСף䳲
һСףСģһֱһģ̳ģΧκʯĺۼֱӱһޡ
ԶҶϵ֣զࡣ
˽֮Уǿ𽣣ȻͬΣֻ˰Ч
Լȫ߶ע֮УɺεȿµĽ
Ѿˡ
֪˽޴Ѿ㹻ûбҪԸʹ𽣡
Ͼ˽Ⱥʵһ潣ֻҪ߶ԼὫɢһȥ˵˲伤ǧ
ǹģȻһɨһƬ
˻˼޹
ȻһÿһҪĵĵҲǿֲģҪǿĵ֧֡
ȻԸãҲ˴ȴĵʽֳ֧־ս
ջش䣬Сغãǿʨʯǰһ֡
ǰʨڵصɫʯʱϢΪһѷĩ
𽣵֮ˣʱֹǱģҲͬΪޡֻû濴ѡ
ЩϲЩȻ֮࣬뵽ʤѩ˵˽¼ʧ꣬ԭʧ䣬䵽ǵļպõϣֱˡ
ѹֱҲҲ䣬Ϸ˵УϷһֱ˻ᵽ֮У˭ҵ
ҵõˡ
һ¼ʧ̫
̫𽣣ԭڡʿУһʤѩ
¼ֻʧ֪䡣
ڣҲѳ֣һ˵Ĺ½𽣣֪δ
ҵһ𽣣½𽣣ǵ˽Ѿ롣
ȻͬһУٻ֮ʱ˵ܱȫأ
뵽⣬ЦЦҲֻ֪롣
˵¼ҲܰеİѽóǿϣҪĴۣҲǰģδֵá
Ҫǣ¼ұϳһħȵħ֪ߺеһ̤ỶҲħȵˣΪʮ
ϵ쵼˶ģ¼һ֪жͶħȣǵжԵĹϵ¼ҵõ⵴˽еĺĽûпܡ
Ҳֻ룬ʱ˼ЩĿת˼ձѩãһ£ܵȥ
ڹУĸˣһȥչȣǼȥͨ޵ߣһ·ֱ۷У
˰죬ֻпЦ
ã޷ǽĶԤֻ̾һԼѡˡ
ԼȻУŸţѰɴһҩζҪͣ졣
ȵ֮ûûнԼҲֻܸȥһˡ

Խʱ䣬ʹľУڴйŵصõ
ķؾָָϻľ֮绯֣½աʥԪ֡
кţеĴ绯ֺͻȣѾﵽСɵز
ؾ֮ǰһֱ޷ţֱ뵽ӡϵõļɹ
ʱȻǳȴ侳磬һؾʱˡ
ͬʱҲŷؾһڹ뿴ܲƾؾֵȫںϡ
Ӷʹľ磬ֱͻƣڣﵽѨ۷֮
һҲ˼ؾԭ򣬲ܲܳɹҪԲ֪
תۣʱһζ
УǷʳؾڣһ죬һССγɡ
תһԪͶУֺֻ֣ܿɫ࣬ࡣ
ȷǾһٵԪҲֻܲһԪг֣ա
࣬ٶֻԭٷ֮һȴף˺
Ϊ֣ԼڵĵЩյԪĽ룬Ҳһһþӽ̷񵤣γɵһССɫģ
ٶȣ
֣ʹֵԼΪҲڷǡ
аɽϣ֮ǱȪ֮û죬ΪѾˮɣͻƵڡ
ڣȥ̶ʱ䣬ȴ֣ԭܻҪµϣͻƵڶڣѾԽԽ
ٶȣһϡ
һֱչأҲֻҵʱ䣬˳ͻƵڶڣѨ۷֮봫˵еİ벽Ҳһ֮ң
Ҫǰŵ顣
ֱ죬һ飬ļƻҲж
ǼһجģǾǣһžۣ֪ˡպϢĵ糿ѩ֮ŷ֣ԼĸףλʹһӵĸףѾõֹͣ˺Ϣ
ȻһĻԤϣμ״ձѩܣʹԺϢ档
֪ͨϢģλ֪ŮƺҲһ˲࣬ȴȻֽŲǣϹ֪ϢȥϷһ峤չۡ
ʱ̶ʱ䣬ƺѾóһá
ɽӼªһдӼ򣬾ײѩüԼİİ²üɣһҲӰ˵صıϢ
ձѩ֮ϣ泯Լĸ׵Ĺ餣ס鶯
ԴˣҲֻԣ߹ȥǼʾİο


816 
֮
ͨĻǰƽλռСҹ£һѴ֮Уȼճһѻҽ
֣ȥ
޽ҹ棬ֻܻһ
պǼԭڴ
ֱգûдɥĸıлعձҹ£̾һҪȥ𣿡
ǵģ磬ټˣ
һµѩĸ׵Ĺǻ̳۾ЩģѾƽࡣ
Щᣬգֻܻ
Ҫǻչȣĸڼɽ֮ϡһĹأжںˮΪж־ķŮڸɽΪڹ
ͬʱҲҪչȼһЩˣͬʱռ壬պԵټ
ԣǳĬ̶˵ͷһ·ء
ףԼֹҲûֹ
չҪԼŮչȼݣԼŮչȣ쾭顣
˵ֻһˣռʲôϵʱڣҲ˵ڡ
οҲعȼ̳ռԸҲһ£ٿʱ뽭ķµķš
ڿ࣬˽Բѣܶӱһ£ҲǺ¡
ͬʱձѩͻѨʱڣдķչ
˵ռмҴ׷չΪһ׼Ϊ֮һڲ׷ʮʽ
˻عȣչΪϣ屦׷չƱش֮֡һҲ㸣ԵδδزܳΪһۣ¡
Ȼʱ̫̣һֱ𣬿ܾǺܳʱ䲻ټˡ
ֹһ㣬ձѩҲͬʱס
˴λعչȣȵ游ϣռǺлһʱЩˡ
ŨŨĲᣬȴҲòݱ
һȥټ֪ڡ
Ϊӣıǵһ
ոյɽµʱձٰ㿴˳ۣѩҪ
ʱˣܹƶѡ
ǵİ£ҵ۳ʹ׹ƶתΪؼʵǡ
ʱǣ˭뵽żȻ׹¶ӣıһˡ
ǲŵ߳⸡ȣķ
ǲŵ֪ԼݣĸĳޡҲ֪ԼĸףȻһλ
ǵԼ޳Ѩ̤սһʱΪܹ֪֮ٻֵʱ⡣
Ϊҵ˱ΪѾ游չۡԼ̳ռĴУпܵõ׷չ
һһеĻǴòģʹֱҲܻ
𲻾֮ǰؽ󣬻ǴƷƷ壬ȭȭס
ǹȻо֮ǵĶݣ㾡Ӷ
ټˡ
ʣڡ
ҲòԷɢǵ游չ۵Ĵ£һ·򱱣ԽԽԶӰûĲݲУʧӰ
Ҳ
ټ
ûгڣҲóڣΪһУѾУУͱһɲ֮䡣
ҲûԥˣǻһԾâϻĽ֮߻ĵɽķݶȥ
ռһѱϣʱټĻᡣ
ڣҲҪȥԼˣǰţɴϸѯ컯һˡ

һº
½ϻ߷Ľ磬˽Գ֮Ϊ߻ġ
˴һͨ޷壬ഫϹ䣬ɽ廯һ𺣡
꣬潥Ϩصףγɻʱл緢ࡣԵɽ񣬳ƺ˵Ϊɽ
ɽ֮ϣʽ֮ɫȴӳ̨ͤ¥׵ʿϻ⣬
ɽϣ֮Ƶ
˵أΪ°˴󶥼֮һһڣڵء
ɽ϶ʿ˽һֻеһɾټ
Ȼһգȴһ׹⣬Ӷ߶ٶȼ죬âտʼʱ￪⣬գѱƽʮ
һۣ׹ѾͶɽɽ£һӰһϮʤѩ£ֿտգü۵Ȼվڵɽɽ£ɽ֮ϵ̨ͤвɱĿʡ
һ쳹ԺӶĤ󶥷ڵɴ󿪷֮ţ
Ȼ֮ʱ䣬Ѵϱ
徳ʿϣȫû콾һţΪ衣
ȴ֮Уһλš𡱡
һǱš
ʱһ˫Ӣ콾ǼԺյһ
Ѳԭ׵ССɣǿȳڣ칤ɽȣҪƸʢһĶţû£аɽ
һɵͷ
ԣţ󶥷ӵݣ˲䣬Ժ֮УһƬڣ
Ƭ֮󣬽Ų٣ӣٳɽӭĵ


817 
վԭأĿⲻȴ
ȻûƬ̣Ǽ£ᱳӣѸϵƵض
ɽ´СУɺͳʹͬΪڵӣ಻Ӧ˷
Ϊ׵ĵӣһʮĵü꣬ü˵İһмơ
ôͷôĿԺĳߡ棬𣬿ɸ뵶ĳһս
ţ
ԣԸ⡣
ֻǰ򣬱˼Ϊ˳롣
ȴ룬ֻһأ衣
ԳơĳߡİȻ꣬һھȻָơü˿ս⣬תһ룬׹
Լڣ⣬ٲԭĬĬһС
ǰԼԼ̤ʯսʤ֮ӶȡԼһˣµѪˡ
뵽ˣͲɺЦ
徳ʿᣬʲôԺĳߡ棬ûõȴս徳ʿǰԼ
ǶԼʵ̫ţԵһ̶ȣ˫ʵĶԱˣ
תһ룬׹
ֻ±ŵĲһҪսʤ֮Ĵ㣬ŵɽ£Լ϶Ҫżֱ棬ɱ֡
һԼֻ֣ҪԼϳŹʮжʮУųȥͿ˵Լһս롰֮еսʮغϣʤ
ץסᣬԼһһУ˵ȥ͸ˣʤ𡱣ʮ֮ڣɽ±һһУ
²ܸսʤȣҲԺĬĬҪǿöˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ŵһξãԭҲһָۡ
ûеʱ򣬺ܶ˶ų뾡ַϧһдۣˣŪĻƩʱĳߡ桭
ܾǻ֮ȥ֮鷳
һЩҪˣķһһԼ϶塣ֻҪһӵӦˣȻ˳
Ҳ֣սΪ֣սʤ֣Ȼȡ֮һʧܣҲΪ˳Ĵۡ
ǰԼֻһССӣҲûҪսʤӶ
ɽ£һССԺӶսʱźȻԭʱͬգյҲԭŰ˹裬³ĴڣС޵ˡ
ʱѾΪһʱĴ棬۷ġߺķգ֮
ҲףֻһڵʱܻеߺһλһһУҲ¡
ǳķգֻת˹ɱΪսɾԼ
ȴҸշΪܶˣһ಻ɵá
뵽ˣһЦȴҲֱһ䣬֣ɣĳŸͽĸУ
ã˵ġ
ü״ϲһĨ޵ϲɫΪıóѡ
ʦʦ˺Ȼһ䣬һĨѩ׵ĺâʷɳ·һ磬ȻһƷĳѩ硣
ָ̣
䣬üֱֵ΢ɲǼһʮŵʽʽˣһγ˿ֲĵˣһ˻ĽӲ¡
з
״Ҳ̾һ䣬۾΢С
û뵽ѱĵü꣬ȻĲŵ֮꣬УһͨѹģսԼ

뵽ˣһЦ
ϧϵԼеģԼ
һУҲܱȡʤҲ˵һԼ
Ϊ磬˵УȴȻķ˾鷳ֶ֣ȴʵ˲ȥ
ˣҲָһһתɾһ֮䣬˾ڵ֮ǰʧ
ǵüһ㵵˲䣬һӰ֮Уֻһ֡
꣡
˴ʧʧɫһĻһֻѩ׵ƣѾ˵üѩ絶֮ϡüȴŵŵšʮ߰˲һУпտգԼȻѾԼС
⣬пܣ
һаܱĵü꣬Լ۾ʧǣվһ˫ֲס
˼˵һϧУûӳѩһʵϧˡ
һ̾һ˦֣еѩʱһһ漴ʧ
ٿ֮ʱȻ֣ѾǵüĽ£ȵԭͲһ㣬ֱûֱ
һĻ˴󺧣֪Լ롰֮е콾ӣжɫҲ廰
ڴʱһЦһˣɽ£δѴ
ӣµ񲻶£ΪڱСط𣬾ͿӢǰΪΪӼЦˡ
ɽѿѵĸ߲ţԣ룬ĳ
𽣡ƽ
ˣͫһû뵽ȻһŸ߲㡣
һ֮£⣬η壬󣬻ɽȥ
ŵӣһֱԶ֮ŸҾȥ𱦵ֻѡĳߡ棬һظɽ


818 
ţȳΪ°˴󶥼֮һ½ǿɣڣȻҲϸķֹ֯֯ϵ
֮аɽ
ţķ˾Ժνֹϸµһš
ԺĵλϵͣǸһЩĸˣûʲôڸС
ķ˾λߣŵм˾˾ҩ˾ͽ˾λߣΪǿ֯
˾˼飬һϰڽĵط
طԱǼŵĻ֯˵û˾Ҳûš
ϾƵҩţ̫ϡˣƶҩпͻƷʵҩţϡ֮
ֻǴһЩʦͱ˵̵Ϸһգƿ˭ϸġ
ǣΪԼı˾ڣŲ񣬲ߴԵҩԴƽ
ƳĴ˵鵤ĵĿǰ֪ѲƳɹƷ컯⣬ͻƷĵҩ
ʹĶţʮҲܳ¯һԼӲá
£ȴҪ⼸Žÿһٶ꣬Լһɼۡ
Ϊ˾壬ŵԷչߣάŵĺƽչһȺҪʦɵţΪ°˴󶥼֮һҵλ͡
һ漣
ԣ˾˵ţǿ
֯ڣ߽װ벽ǿߣλеͽװ벽ԼʮλѨ۷壬ʮλ֮ࡣ
ʵ͵ģҲѨΪȻûʸ˾
ҪСŵȣʵսβۣǣΪԴԴϵĶ鵤ӦŵĶΪʵȰ˴κһŲ
ĳЩΪ磬ŵĸ߽ΪߣȰ˴ߴҪһЩ
Ʃ缴ʹ˹ϵµһ칤ɽҲһ޽ĹӦ鵤˷
ˮ¥̨ȵ£ΪάԼĵλͱ֤ԼвŶԼȻǲͶ룬ȹӦ
ԣ˾˿ֲĹģһЩͼŵʵ
˾֮£ڶ˾ʣ˵
żȻһоΪţ˾ĵλö˵
оԺеҩԺԴԴϵشӸѼҩԴҩоԺеĽԺƵĵҩһȥǻǿĵ¯ݣкԺΪṩһճƷʦԼһСԺ͵¯Ůͼʮλͯӷ
Ψһ񣬱оҩ
˵ľԺ߰˳ɣΪһ˾񣬿ɼ֮
ȻҲţҲΪǵĴڣΪŴԴԴϵķ룬֧˾ķչԼԺ档
˾һ˾˾˼飬Ȼսɣ̷һ˾
У۷ֹΣ˾ĵλǲݺӣŵĽ˾ȻҲ⡣
ǣΪ˾ƳЩҩ漰ļֵ̫ˣΪб˽Һ˽ͨУŵĽ˾̷ΪϿƼϡ
һ˾λҲͬСɣϽΧߴ֮ϣκһ䵽ǵϣҪһƤ
Ҫ֤˾תȻҲҪųһ֮
ŵĽ˾Ȼ࣬߶սߣȴδ˾٣˾˾󶥽װ벽ǿ֮һ˳֮Ϊذξ壬ŵǿ֮һ
ǿߣڵһλģȻΪġǧɡŮڶǿߣŵ̫ϳϣأΨһһλ޽ӽ񾳵Ķʦ
ĵλλ˾˾ذξ
󣬲ֵ˾˾˾˾ԼķԺЩͷ
ոձɽǰӭλˣ𽣡ƽǽ˾Ĵ֮һλ磬ʵߣ˵Ǹ߽װ벽֮
ʹ˾УĵλҲǰλ
ԣӭӣȻеһԾͲ⣬²ɰһ䱸
˵ȻΪ֮һֳ󣬵λߣ֪ĵһ߲ӭ޿ɺǡ
ǣȻʵǿλٸߣվֻŵһӣϳ˾֮һġ𽣡ӭӣһ߼ִ¾Ϳɡ
Īǣųʲôˣ
Ż֮ȥʣƽص˵ɽ
һϵɽͲԡ
һЩɫ˸Լĵָָ㣬һЩˣڰԼ֪ĿΪΣֲ̫ӡ
ô£
ҡҡͷ𽣡ƽԼһͷס֮󣬶ʱҲͲסˣֱԿڣҪŵĵӣ֡ɴ
Ȼû뵽ǣҪȴƽܾˡ
Էһ΢ЦǸظʵڲɣڵĵӣ֡ɴ˾˾һ¯鵤ոҪʱ̣֪ĵܴţһ֮ڣ޷ˡ
״֪졣
֡ɴȻ츳ˣԭϯӣ˾ͽм֮гΪһӵƣƽḨһЩ鵤֡
пܡ
ôǿҲӦûʲô˾˾һʲô鵤պʱһ²ܳأҲδ̫˰ɣ
;ܳأ˾˾Ĵڣܳʲô⣿
ҪһССʱ԰շ򣬿ƻɣճѣӦûʲô̫⡣
ԣǡ𽣡ƽ˵ѣ֡ɴĿǰ顣
ߣˣöԷԼԲŹ˵š
뵽ˣУӹһоţɴ컯ֻûôף˳ˡ
ģϾ컯ʵ̫ҪҲԼͻƷϣڣʧ
Ŀһתػһ£ʵǡŮҶҶأͣͻˣûǰ֪ͨ
ҶҶͬйܳһʱ䣬֮ĺѣҶһ¿ͣӦòʲô˰ɣ
ѡҧúأΪʶҶɿɲһ죬֪Ҳѧϰ
֮ԻţǼԸò춦һѡ
ƽ˵Ҳ͸Ұٷ֮ȷԷڷԼɱԼˣУ϶ǳʲôԼ֪ıʡ
Ȼ𽣡ƽԣɫɲ䣬΢΢ЦҪʧˣҶϻ֮Ѿչأչǰ»˵˴βͻư벽֮ءʱڣҲԵüˣ
ţ
â΢΢ԣȴһԥ
ԭͨҶɣɴĿǰʲôǲʲô鵤ڣҶҲ֮ǰƲ⣬ҿ϶ų¡
ǣƽԣȴҶɵϾʿ޽֮ҶԼֱ֮ʱ˵ĻһģһƽӦò޵ķʸȻ֪ô
ѵҶıչأɴҲǸպԼòɶ
ˣԺղɽ֮ʱһϵ쳣֣Ǿã̫ɺϣһУ
มһҲʣǡӰ֮硯ʷ繫ӣʦҲйһЩһǣӦòΪɣ
ǲ˼
˭֪ڲġ𽣡ƽ΢ЦܾˣǸصӣǰ˼Դ߰λӣɽһȥˡȥĵطȽԶƻҪһ֮ˡ
Ŷԭˣ
Ŵԣ۾һ
˵ɴֻ⣬ҶڱչôʲҲոһڱչĸˣԼһܼ
ڣĸУɴ˵ڱչͣҶڱչͬ޷أҲͬڱչġӰ֮硱ʣʦȴպǰ
ɣһҲţĸһɺ֮¡
Ҳֻ֪һˣȻƽ˵ţʲʲôġ
ЦЦҲᣬֻǵźˣĳ·ţԭݷüλˣǲԸˡ
û˥ɽɴǽڡ·ѡΪյĲͬѰ
ԣһ٣ֵĳ·羰ϲÿһرһʤżźκò׾ţŵɽڲͬΪصһɽĳŽסգһµɽ澰֪ɷ񣿡
ţ
𽣡ƽ֮Уɫһ漴Ц΢ЦͽǸոճ¯֮һţ£֮ӭ޲ɡֻƫƧСأչ˲ܣ˹͡
ססΪֹκβǲԸһŷɡĳн˾һҪ»Ϣһ£չĳ٣һʤΣ
ãǱ鷳ˡ
˵ͷ״ϲ
ˣĳȸˡ
˸뿪˳ΪϷš뿪֮ʱ˫֮Уâһţͷ˿ͷڵӰһۣЦһת뿪
ڣڶԷߺ˲ǰĿ֮У˸Ĺâ
治ϣ֮УȤ
ûΪ֪ʱ϶˼ӣ»Ҫͷֱװһƣ۵ӣڴϣ˯


819 ҹ̽
ȻǼװ˯ɲ˯
Ⱦ磬Է˯ȳ˱رĻʵѾпޡȻ޵еʱȻѡʳѲΪ˿ڸ֮ȴҪ
ΪʵԶκηˣӪ
˯Ϊ̫ʱ䣬Ӱȣʵһ㵽˻Ԫʿϣͺȥˡ
Ҵǿڤ˯ߣЧԶȵ˯ĺôҪöˡĵʱ٣ָľڡ
ԣȻװ˯ߣʵУ
ϵתؾΪһ͸СУͬڵǼֵ
һʱķؾ޴󡣴ӸĹ񣬹·һµʱ䣬ʵûзؾ
һʱĹȥķؾĵԽ࣬ҲԽ졣
ĿǰؾѾﵽСж֮ԭȻΪڽγɵıȫգתɫ
ɫȥһӴֻʣɹɫʹɫ
ΪҲ֮ˮǴߣֱ˶۷壬жβһ֮ң
أֻҪٹһգһ˿ڴɫ˳ؽͻڣΪҲͽһٴѨڣѨ۷֮
һ½ߵǰС
Ѩ۷壬Ѩڣȫͬһ
һǴ½ۣ֮һֻһ֡
Ѩ۷֮Ͻˡ
ΪѨ۷嵽벽ǽССԪںܶ˵ֻһʱ⡣
ֻҪܴﵽѨ۷徳ˣϼʱ䣬벽֮
ʱİ벽Ҳǳװ벽
Ҫӳװ벽нװ벽ȴûôףм仹ž޴Ĳࡣ
̣Ҫֵȫϡ
ϻҪ޺ܳһʱ䣬пܿнװ벽֮
ڸĸ߽װ벽Ͷװ벽ȻҪʱĻۣǸǿ󲻵õġ

Уʱ÷ɿ죬תҹ
Ȼڼе˫ĽŲеͳ
Сӻûô
£¸ղ̽ˣޡ
ˣķ˹ȥɡȻҲ̽鲻ʲôΪһ˯ûһȽϺá
ǣ£ʡˡ
Ƭ̺һ˫Ųȥһ˫Ųȴǰ
һӣӣʱ䵽ˣȥĴԣСĸͽ
ԣװѣ˯ۣڵͽɣ
ǣӣԵȡ
ǵԶȥˣƬ̺󣬽ŲٴӣŸ׼ˣͷ̨£ȡһ¡ʳϺ󣬿ֻҪԭأϴ
˵꣬ͼƺһӰʲô漴ȥ
Ǻǡ
ЦƿľţȻŵ£һ̡
֮ϣһлأȴ£硣
⣬Ա߻һС׷һССľƺ׼õ쳣ʢѰһ˵Ĳʳ
ĿУȻ˽䣬Ϸš
ڴ͵͵۲һ£ȷû˼ӣһһʱ֡
ߵ֮ԣ뷹Уһһ̵سԣǷ˻Ǿƺûκε쳣
üͷ壬Щ̫š
ѵҵĴղˣ˹Ҫȷжϣ
ֻǣȴζûô򵥡
뵽ˣȻһһУǱ͸Լġҩϸ鿴
ˣ֣һ㶾ҩȻԶЩҩʵȫõġ
ǣԷͲΪҪȡŵֻһЩ˻˯ҩۣȫá
ԣҪҩ鿴ûʲôϢ˻ԣ˯ѵġ
һȻ
Ƭ֮ҩ֮Ϸ˼֣ǱȽϡ٣ƫŵģ˾ô۽磬̾Ϊֹ黨ݣ㶼ֹЧ
һ֣ΪɫܡеĻۣɹɣ뷹УɫζҲûκθá
ɫܵĻۣȴɢһϢ˻ԣ˯ѣֱ˳֮Ϊ˯ɡ
ЩԴҩ˯ߡ
һҩЧ΢أȴʹһ֮ˣ˲ԣ˯ѣҹκ֪
֪ɫܻģûмΪ˵ϽĳСزһֹֻ
½طȴټ֪ɫܵģȻûмˡ
ҩ˹ز֪֮㣬¼ҩУҲֻΪΪҩżȻȥһϽ˵ֻԼûۼ
ˣǽ¼Ϊһ̸ܣУԹ˽
ȴɣǡñ
ɫܻۣ
˵ȫ֪µʲôȻߡ
ڣȻ֪пܱ˶ֻҪһ㣬ϸһ㣬վῴó
ȻûãڷУһЩϸ΢ģɫķĩ
ֻĩɢúܿұСһУԱϣſ쳣ͨԣȻҲûκá
ΪⲢһִĶҩ
Ȼˡ
˫üһݣԼ²ûŹȻЩʲôԼ֪顣
˲Լ̽ⷢЩǲԼֵ顣
˯һһ
˲ûҪɱԼ˼ȻҲԼҩ֪ʶΪţԲŸʲôɫܵĻۣ϶ΪԼԲ
ǣһԼ
ԷΪ֪ȴԼṩ˷㡣
ֻҪԷΪԼһҹǻ˯֮УԼһҹжΪ
Ϊû˻Ϊһ˯˵ˣܲʲô
һӣЩеһͱս˴У׼ʱٵ
ʣһС룬ȴװǳԵʣµӣŵ⣬Ƭ̾ͱߡ
װ˯ӿȻܿ˯š
ĽŲ¾ƴֽ˿һЦһСӣ黫ƹҲӲҵָɽ
漴ԶȥҲоܼԼĿ⣬Ҳ֮ʧˣƺѲٵԼ
״ûֵĸʱ
ȵɫڣϡĵƹҲε֮ܰŵһЦĿؿܡ
ͳһ׺ɫҹϣֻ¶۾룬һ֣гһֽС˶ŷһ
ֽӭ󣬾ȻԼģڴ֮ϣϱӣȻһˡ
ֶΣǻĸ߼öѡ
ֽˣǶôĻҲ;ĹһֻϧҲȱ㣬Ǿǣܽ۲죬Ҳڵƻ£Ρ
ûеƣ˾㲻۲죬Ҳڷ⿴ܽ
ȿ֮һ˯ӰȻܿȥ
Ĵ򿪺ǽһȴķ˳ȥ׼һ򣬺ܿҹɫУʧӰ


820 ʥԺ
ҹˮ
һߣҹɫһӣֱԶ㡣
ţΪ°˴󶥼֮һʹҹҲǧһС
ʮ£лԵߣһһۣѿȫòΪЩ£ͬ棬ĳһĳһʱС
ܿȫò޼ֻűŵԵ
ʮһΪ㴨ɫǾҹ£ΪΪ죬ǰԾţΪǧɽ񾶣ΪϼΪƪΪϪʮΪŶַ⡣
һ㴨ɫָһɽΪ㴨羰£ֲÿ＾һƬεΪ׳ۣ˳ơ㴨ɫ
̫ϳϡص֮˲룬Լʹ˳ӦڵܶҲֻԶԶһ޷ü澰
ڶҹ£ָĴһž˵йڴ˷ɣɾ
ÿҹ˺ˮˣӳ£ʤա
ʱ֮ܿϣȺ֮裬˵ҲΪ˾̲ס·ȥ
Ȼ˽ͣΪԱߵ¹ӳ䣬γɺϵӰҡӰȻ֮衣
ֻǺܶˣԸǰǸŶѡ
Ծҹ£Ҳڣһʤ
ҹ֮ʱŵӣȺӣڴ˺ᡣ˵еһȵĵѡҲѡ˴˾ϾУô˺һ塣
֮һǧ塣
͵ɽĳȸﲻͬ˷Ȼ쳣䣬⣬ͬ޴һиݶɣǧ磬ҲΪһۣ֮
죬Ծţǧɽ񾶣ϼȣ˵
ͨ޷壬һȴͬ˵ƣǺΧһһ¯ӣص¯ʮ
Ծȴ˵źɽһȪÿļǧ㣬ԾϪϣһʯţεΪ׳ۣаԾ֮ơ
ǧɽָ壬һƬܴ֣Ժ֮СͨУļĹţ˳档
ϼָϿգʦԼҹҩγɵһƬγɵϼۡ
ʱʱŭʨϼεҲǺѼ
ƪϪŶֱַ˵һȵʢ֮ʱŵգϿγ澰ģ
һأϪҹ̣ƲϪ
Ŷַ⣬ָĹ㳡Ŷ㳡ŶݴľŴŶķƷ
ž߹Ŷÿһ߶о󲿷ǼƷֻʱţһЩٻʧֽŴģżƷϵĵҲ߶ѡ
⻹Ҷɸոϵһ߲춦ȻƷƷв٣ܴﵽƷģȴɲֻߡ
ʮʤδеģͬ
ǱصһţŵһֱѾãûлü
벻գлᣬȴǳҹΣľҲڹ֮ϣҪ̽ŵ׷˺εȱʣЩ
ɴȥ֮ʱԤϵ֮䣬ǰԼľ
ǵӣǡ˾ͽмǿţɴĴѷһ㳤ϣй֮
ԼһҩСԺһרŵĵػңңÿ³ԴӻԼλŮλҩͯʹ
ԣɴľͨӾһ𣬶ԺƫҲʮеĹϪڵء
ػŨңƳĵҩƷҲߡ
ټϪΣȡȪǷ㣬ûȾƷѡ
֮ʱʱҲõȪҩе֮ء
ϪڵأĶСԺ߼䣬߾ֱ֣ΪԺԺԺ㾦ԺԺԺȵȡ
߼СԺŵУǰߵĵӣһ
ɴеģȻڵһΪϪΣǼռĹ㣬þµţġʥԺ

ڵԺͷǰŵ֮ʥԺһβСľ롣
ξУֻСƫƧ֮ضУһԣԺȺ¥پž󴩹˾Ŷ㳡Ž֮
˴˵أСˣΪȺΪ֮ˡ
ңͨ쳹ĸǿǰӦһֶԷټ
ϱҹҹȻĴߵ˲࣬һ·оգһʱ֮ڳʱһңνʮ֮һϪڵء
һ֮ǰۿͼϪȻͬ졣
СϪϷ£ͬдԱֲ̣߱ƲϣϪֳ֮һƬ
У߼ģһ͸죬ɫͥԺУ֣׺
֮䣬ֻз룬ͳ˺ܴһξ룬ɻӰ죬˽ýϺãԺӵľһһһƬͬһԺ֮Уס˲֪ʮӣû㷽ͺˡ
Ҳһ䣬߼ԺˣգɢŲһ
ͫһʱµʥԺڵˣֻǲ֪ɴǷУ˾˵ȥ˾˾鵤ʱˡ
ΣΪһ̽ʵࡣ
ԥһ·λֹ֮۲һΧĶȻ߼Ժм䣬һѱֵļѵ·ǰУʥԺڵķȥ


821 
СģԼʱ֣ĵʥԺ⣬;ûбһ˷
ʥԺ֮һ֮ĳǰ
һʱ쳣
ӣ磬мҲǣһװﰵ崦ڵĹģ
Ҫǣ˵Ϊĵش˵Ѱһ㻤Ҳѵֵеޡ
ԣԣЩҪãǱɴǼɴ
ԼԼΧļʽУóǺԣɳۣȴܣעĶ󣬴ʥԺ֮С
ľٶ۾һ
ΪлͱˡûˣЩҲûбҪˡ
ֵȴǣЩӵȴˣڵˣѰζˡ
ʣĸоûд
֮УȻĳЩԼ֪ıʡʣܻܿԼɴԼ컯йء
֮Ĳ²⣬ԭܼ򵥡
һǸԼйأŵӶԴԼʱǰ顣˾֮һ˾Ĵ֮еġ𽣡ƽԼ̬Ҳ֡
һҪԭҲǣЩƺϣԼ鵽ʲô˵粻ϣԼʲô
ɴҶɣʣȺ裬Ѳ²⣬ЩˣΪ˱ԼϤĵӼ棬Ӷ̽鵽ǵϢǽͷ
ԭʲôʡ
ԼɴҶɣʣȣģֻԼɴ컯һ¡ŶԼ̬ȵģֻһԭ
ԣҪôɴ˼棻ҪôɱϾϢԴ֪Լ¡
ֻҪɴʥԺУԼмĻᡣ
ֻҪһоͻס
뵽ˣٲԥСʥԺתһȦЩڰڵı֮
һ˵ͷ˲䣬һλ˷·һ͸ˮˣձܹЩڰڣһʥԺԺڡ
һԺڣȻͬ
ƺΪʥԺڣù󷨣ʥԺ֮Уȴɸɾʲô쳣Ҳ
ȻʥԺʱ򣬾뵽⣬ԺΪ֮ʥԺУȫ޲֮أԻо֮ʹԺеطŨ
ĵطһտɵ£һͿԵֵʮꡣ
ʱвãʱһǲֱر
һҲȻ
츳пܼ̳λĵһ֡ɴľ
ʣ˵ͨӣŵǰУȥ֡ɴ֮ˣס϶ҲʥԺԺеľ󷨣ҲЧﵽ屶˲
ڶģܴﵽ߰˱Ҳûࡣ
Ȼ֮Ч϶ҲʥԺ֮йأ˵ؼпŵĵ֮һˣһӵʥԺҲὨ
أŵ̫ϳϵľҲйܴ֮ﵽһȼʮĸʣȫܵ顣
ȻЩûʲôϵҲľֻΪӺͳˣûôȥȻĸ
λȥ徳ʿǰ֮ƣȥ϶ҪʱĴҲδؾͲɴ١
ĳЩ˵ɴֻǵӣһһУĿǰѾԽ˾ˣڡѩӦѩһˣۣΨ磬ĴôҲɴ١
СǰнÿÿӳԺǽӰ֮УԶ̽ʥԺڵļӣڣԼƬʱֺԽһɽڿʥԺУһССĵңŵƻ
⣬ŮȴУԼԼԿһiӰһ¯ǰæµʲôƵ㣬ӵƮ֮С
϶ûˣ
Ȼɴʶãйһλ֮飬ͬʱڵ̽ճǧͬУ֮ĸ飬ѾԽԽﵽһľ硣
ԣʹཻжֺ̣ܶû棬һۣϳǡ֡ɴӰɡ
ȻǾ֤ԼĲ²ûдΨһ⣬Ա̺ŮǱУɴһˡ
Ŀת˼Ƭ̣˷̲ס΢΢һЦ

Ƭʱֺ
һӰһŮȴֺӰѾ
˳Ծһۣһǰһٿһ
ڴʱŵһ㣬˶ʱһҪԵڵء
ڴʱһ紵ʱסΣȵأûˤûŪ˿
һŮһæſУֻǡָհֳڣӺȻһǵϮ
ƺһ˫һգ漴Ҳ²֪أһӰסƽڵء
ӰһЦȻɡ
ƾʱ֣ԸԪڵŮֵ
ߵǰô
ڣǸiӰʱһ٣ȴû糣һ󾪴ڣص˭
ҡ
ӵ
ڣŮһ£漴ֻǵ
ƿ⣬˿磬ͬһƬֽƬһһƮ¯ǰǸò˼ŮӣһЦþòּˡ
Ůϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ؿǰӵãصǰþòҾ֪һҵģȻˣҵþã


822 Ա̰
ҵþá
򵥵ļ֣ڴʱ˿̣ȴһζС
һ̣ļˣҲɷһ˿ɴգӿһζ
һʱګڣþԡ
á
ɴһЦԶΪͣɣ
á
ҲɴĻһЦá
ɴǣ£ңһصţ˿ģĲ֮Уֱ¡
ɴ֣Եȡ
漴ߵһԣȪˮһ̵ڵΪŵز裬糢ɻϿζ
á
Ӧһӽյһ
²䲻̣¶ȸպá΢ɬƬ֮ȴһ㣬Ƕˣþòɢ
Ҳʶһ֮Ҳ˫Ŀѿڶò裡
лޡ
ɴ΢΢һЦӹʣµĲյŵһԣٳһݸߣǰңʲôҪ£
ûҪ±㲻𣿡
ڡ
漴ЦĿ޵ƳƳԺǼ̽ʵŵ׷˺£ΪλһҪܵӣ

ԣɴǳĬһ£漴Цһڵ˵ɴԼСģй¶ܣµǸҲأɽңҲûô׼ɣ

ͷȴǰֹǲ׼Ǹûл
һ˵ԼҪɴȸԼ˵ɴڸ˾˾Ҫһ²ܳء
ҶɴһϢ˵ҶҲڱչأɰ벽ء
ʷʺ˵Ϣֱ֪ѾڣִһҪһ²ܻ
Σ֮ܶҪ˭ٶҪһ֮
֪ܵȷеϢһҲν
𽣡ƽ˵ģֻһԺһ£Ľһ£һ£˭֪أ
ԣŻ뷽跨Լҹ̽ţʥԺɴˡ
ϣȻûкʲô˾˾ʲô鵤Լһ˴ʥԺΧһȦ˼ӣͬ
˵Ҳ̫׼ȷ֮˹ɱĶĿڱ谭˼ĻᣬӶͬһµֻԼ֮У¶档
ɴԣȻεЦһ漴ŽԵɶ渵
ԭԵͬУðյõƷ͵ȳﻯλɴ֮
ǲ²⵽黨п˵Ŀӣ漰컯ɴһֱСϢõﻯλϢ
徳ʿ޺ɴֵõѰĵڶζ컯ҩؽ
֪Ƴ컯ĻԽ󣬱˿ӵĿԾԽ࣬ͬҽ¸֪£ѡԼо
ֻǣûв©ǽ
ɴ̫͹ڵʦԶݺϹŵ׷һСˣǳųﻯλ͵ؽлƳɹ컯ǶͻƷмƷĹö
Ǿõֶ黨ݣ컯񻰣뵽ʧϹŵҩ֣ԭǾһϵĳɾ͸УŨŨС
ԣһ֪ɴУӵ컯ҩֻһζֻ˭ҲҪ
ֻһζҲ˷
Ϊǵһ϶㹻Ŀӡ
ɴΪ㣬ԲЩϢ
Сģȴ˵Ļɣ߰ҩΪߣÿоĵ飬һһ¼ȻͨԼ
ǴЩ¼֮У˿˿ܣȻһ̽
վɴ̫ĻˣһӦеϺʹƣڻ˳
ǼŸ߲㣬޵ҩȻϸǼŸ߲ʣٰյɴǼ֣˵ҩԼģܽǼŸ߲㡣
Ÿ߲ˣʼΪдǡ
ֱɴϸ˵ҩǼŸ߲ţ漴͸ˡ
ҩɴԼģƾĵ˼ЮŶʮֲ֮Ǽ߲ţȫҪ꼫ƷݿСҪһ󲿷ݣȴпܡ
ĸԸȫϣΪŵĵδǣҲʮпܡ
ݣȻԼģǱ˼Ĵġ
ͷˡ
ɴһˣ䵥ȴɵ
ĶҪѶȲ󣬵Ǳ˵Ķķ⣬Ҫȴ޿ܡ
ľģ͸ˣ˵ľǱ˵ģȻǼĴ⣬Ҳ˵û֧Ȩûеõ֮ͬǰκ˶һָ
ԣؾܾˣίһ䶼ûС
ǼŸ߲ȻʣƷҩټŵıУûмꡣ
οպû컯ζҩ֮Ǿ͸ܷ
ѹУΪѾԹˣɴΪŶĶ飬ͽĲҩϡ
ӲҲУΪɴݣŵĵףδ̳˵ѡ֮һǧɡŮļӣҲΨһһӡ
ݣû֮ǰ˭ҶӲ
һ֪񣬳ǸӳţȻ¾ǵ֮ء
ֻǣӳţƾŵǿҲǽ·ٲά裬޾׷ɱ֮Уʹ
ƫƫŮ֪̽ǸϢ֮ǳ˽Ŀģ˵ϱԼˣҲֻ˼ɴôϹĸ߱ˡ
ԭж
һˣƾǵݵλɴҩҲǵġ
˵⸱̫ϳǼкüǻֵġ
ˣѸ£޳ֶܵΣıԼµϵĶ
ȥΪЦݹΪ֪

һҲ֪ϢˣľٶֹܻҲŤһλǿߡ
ǼʹֹǣȫϢȫ¶֪ˣ˶֪ϣպҲù˵ʹ಻
˱Ϊ棬ǣǿ˲ݣҲȫûܡ
ԣϢõݣֲˣǸã
£Ǳ˵ϢϱˣűɴĻᣬй¶ĻᣬѰ취
Ǽû뵽ǣϢûй¶ȥݵԼȥ
ΪݵģȻҪٰƴǺӣɴ棬пܸɴʵ˼档
޹ȻټӿٶȣıݣŪ˵
ʱ򣬾ҪأҲ޴Ҫˡ
ֻû뵽Ȼ죬ҹ̽ţʥԺ֮УټɴһС
ԭˡ
ͷǰ


823 ֻ
ûɴ֪ҲҪĽ˹߰ߡ
˭뵽ƽźʳӵͨŮȻǱ˲µߡ֪̽һЩ˿ȥ˵̰
֮ԻˣΪɴ̫Ҳ̫ϲеԵõһҩʼʵѾһֱ컯ַӳɹʵİ취
ֵõؽȻеøԸڿ죬ڱ˿ߡ
Ͼû˭Ե޹ʣͻȻĪĶһֵҩӦȤһϹʧ˵ĵҩ
ܲ²óҲ֡
ɴԼĵҲΪ˰ɹƳ컯ڴ丶޴Ŭһͣûи˵Ҳ²ó
Եɴһֱ˵ԼСģǸʱֹҡҡͷɲˣһ˵ҪʵҲܼ򵥣ѡ񣬵ֲ̽١
û϶Цʵ²ûв´㣬Ҫ¡ɲµõǼʲôҪ£

ɴһ漴뵽ʲôͫȻɫޱߵؼѵ

һЦǿ϶ɴĲ²⣬漴Ҳ֪ɴļ飬һ죬ֱѾӴУͳһССĺУݵɴǰ
컯ĵζҩ˥ݡ㿴ݿɶԣ

ɴʱѾʵڲ֪ʲôԼ
ղǼŸֶ߲εʱѾȫһж׵⣬ֻǸɢŵĺС
˥찡û뵽㾹ȻгһգԽҩ롣̫ˣ컯ˣ
֣СؽӹУƺЩţ򿪣¶ȱ˰ҶɢһɵĵɫСݣͳһö龵ϸоƬ֮ڲٴһ𾪵̧ͷ
˥ݣ찡û뵽ܽҵ̫ˣ̫ˣ
˷֮ԱԶڸյõ˥ʱ
˷ܣΪпƳϹű컯֤һλĵ˷ܣ֮꣬Ȼܿʧı֣ıĴ¼У㹻˷ܵơ
ԭûбϣܽҩ룬ȻһֱҲһѡ
ͺ֪ǰ·ѣԻȰ¸ǰһһϣ
ܵõڶҩؽѾ㹻ȣھȻѰҪһζ˥ݣ͸;ϲˡ
ҩۣľܳ컯Ǻεȵ컯
˵ıҩҲǼսͿ顣
ΣֻҪ̣Զĵ޴Ӱ죬˵ʵķԾᡣ
Ī˵Ʒݵ󣬶һһҪꡣ
ǣ꣬պʧѾõƷ컯ҩ
ĻᣬĪ˵ɴͷһΣźܶ೤˵ֻ¶δĻᡣ
ԣܲܲ˷ܣ
ֻǣ˷˷ţȻɴ뵽ʲôȻɫֲһĬĬУȻֽƻߡ
ǣ
״Ϊʲôոռ˥ݣ˷˹תͷֽеݻߡ
ɴͷɴӦúð籣ζҩȴ벻δְ鷳ñ˶ҩ졣绹ϽΣ诵𣿡
ԣһ漴ʧЦָɴЦȻˣɵϣ˭û˭ĳĳֲԼ
ɴȫһߵˣȫɹҲߡ
ԥһ£ƩԸ⣬ɴԳ棬ҵʦǧɡŮ̫ϳϡأǼǳңҲԶɴֻҪɴӦԸΪɴһΣĳɹʸ
ЦһٴεοûɴֻҪóҩȥֻ¿ƵƷķϣҲԸһεģ£ĸʦƵһ컯ջأ
ԣŲ棬Щʧɴһ漴ɹЦ
ɴΪηЦ
ڣЦϣϵɫҲǰδе档ɴĿ⾼Ƭʱֺһһ٣˵ҲҪΪ¯
ţ
ɴ
ȴؿڵʼգֻ㣡
Уޱȵİ
磬һ˿
򵥵ľŸ֣һ仰ǵǾ䡰ֻ㡱ɴĶУȴ˲һɢҲԥᡣ
̶֣һůעļ䣬¡
á
ڣɴٴ֣ϵǸȡ˻ȥɫҲǰδе֣࣬سŵɴΪ¯ֻҪɴҩȻ磬ɴȥƳ¯컯Ȩ硣
ôࡣ
˵ô֣أЦ
ȻУҲޱ¯ҩĽˣ޾ʲôءɴصС
ޱɴͷһһ֮ӣתƿͷȥ֣صͷǣ磬֪ˡ
봢䣬ûж˵һڸղж¡
ֻǹƬ̣ƺֲٴκʵŶˣղź˵Щҩа취֪ʲô취𣿡
ԣҲջظղŵڵԣʵ²ѣĿǰѡ񣬵һѡ񣬿к󻼣ɻһЩ鷳鷳󣻵ڶʵɹʸ󣬵ǣҪ棬ҵһȷϰٷ֮ٿţҴ˽Ȩ֮ˡ
Ŷ
ɴԣҲɱ˺ģѯʵ˵ʲôк󻼵İ취ʲôûк󻼵أ
һָɴǰҡҡЦ˵к󻼵ġ
ɴҲӣֱӵʵܼ򵥣ղ˵Щʲô
ɴԣ¶˼֮ɫһʱỹûҡҡͷ
ڵ´¹ȥϲ֪Ҳ֪
ɴ۾һ˵
ͷ룬ЩǣֻҪ֮ȻͿԶǵжǾǽ¹ȥ˵Ĺע˱˵ĹעЩȻҲͲˡ
⣿
ɴס
취Ǵδһ֮ǰû뵽㣬ֻΪܡ
ҲΪ취ŵȱͬԣǾǣʹһȺ̰Σȴ̰Ⱥ
Ҳ˵кֵ˼ˡ
ֹк󻼣ҼֱǺ
һ֪ɴгﻯλ͵ؽȶҩֻ޲ǼŸ߲Ŀǰ޻ؾٶЩ˿й֮޲ֶθҪҵö࣬ʲôֶζõó
ԣ취ǰǺȡ
ɴҲֻһ֮漴ͺܿ׹ң⻹粻˵ءڶû󻼵أ
ԣס˶Ц˼΢΢һЦ˵ڶֶΣʵ֮ǰѾ˵ˣ͵һ취вͬʵͬ
Ŷ
ɴͫһ˼


824 Ѩ۷
Ȼڶ취ǣҵһŸ߲㣬Ҫ㿰Σ˽ƴȨģ˽¡½ֱΪֹȵҩһ꣬Ǽ˱˼Ҳֻܵˡһб㰲ȫݣֻˣ̫Ұ
ڣȻҲԥǲҵˡ
Ȼû뵽ɴһȴǲ۾æ취ãûʲô󻼡ǵģûһ˰ɣ
һ٣һЦ˵ǣοܲ´ˡ˵ŻһλĴλȨأִ˽ɴʮ죬ȥ׼ܰɣ
˭
ȻʵȾϲ⡣
ԣɴȴüһ䣬Цеص㣬Ҫȥ˼ҴӦˣпˣԼ㡣ԺĵŰɣʱȻ֪ˣ
Ŷ
ɴı飬ɵúɲѡ
ĪŻһλĴպϣɴر죬ģ
Ȼá
¾£ʱһͷƤǣ̰ͼеҩǾ鷳ˡ
ȻԷλȨأִ˽ˣһ̰ģ֮£
ʱ򣬿ɾͲһѹôˡ
Ϊܲѹƻ˵ܣ֮ƴսҲǳܹܵģټͬһڣǣƺͽ飬ʱҩδؾˡ
ԣЩģֻҲɴ۹⣬򲻻ƭԼ
Ҳûж˵ֱһڴӦһеȵ֮˵ɡ
棬ȷţá
УԼԸǿдɴѵҩ˵ʱԼ˷£м˸Լ鷳أ
ȻԸźõҲûԼôأ
ԣֻһЦ˺ܿ˾ɴȥϵελŴ
ֻǣɴ붯λأȻҪȷλʱˣٿǷټ
ɣ˷緶˴󲻼򵥡
ŵӣϲ֪ҲǼҲ£ǲ²
ȻвµһȴЩţֻܾʹ˰ס˵
ʱһȻ
ĶƣٴȥȴɴϵŸ߲㴫
ͬʱ֮ʱΪһɴԼ˴ǰǴŵζҩ˥ݵ
ϾԷֻ֪ҩΪ޷컯̰ȴܲΪˣͦգϧһУǻᡣ
֪ҩۣпƳͻƷϹű컯ֻ̰䣬Ҳûмܳ컯ջˡ
ԣĺô˴ǰֻû˵ɴҲû͸¶컯ĵҩ˥ݵ
һת˽Ļᡣ

뿪ˣĻصԺͷϸ˰Σȷڲ࣬һƴ롣
صͷֳ֮ȥĿ£һ߼תؾɫȡ⼸ʱ֮ڣΪѨ۷֮
ʱʹɴ󲻳ɣѣƾڵΪʹ޷սʤ֮ɴܣвСʤˡ
ԣʲô飬ҪδʤǰܣǺ·һްһؿȴɴǱߵĽ
Ƭ֮󣬺Ȼʶ֮УԤ˿
ɲֻǺϢȻӴڴǰϸ۲˰Σڻ˯֮УһЦȥ
ʱ䣬һֱˡ
żܱйһ£ŵʤɣϾԼ£˵ľҪһʤ
ҲȥԶ޹ʿźɽɴʥԺڵأ˵ǣԼʲôʡ
ÿҹҲȥԹ˺󣬱ڿͷ֮л˯ѣƻԡ
ʵУһֱĬĬؾŹڣʱ󣬳ɹһɫתΪеɫˮϵ֮磬˳ͻڶжξ硣
ΪҲˮǴߣˮɣȻȻأͻѨ۷֮
ӴˣǰֻѾ̤޵ۣ֮޼Ķװ벽Ǽλˣսһ߶֮
ǲ
ľ磬һЩССУǿߣ̳ߵݣڰ˴󶥼ţʳĶУҲʵȨϣųϣһ
пܣһΪȨպյĴڡ
ȻҪһ֮УΪߵλĴڣȴҪﵽ벽֮
սǹˣΪȴûдﵽ
أѨ۷ѳɣΪ벽Ҳûжѵˡ
ֻҪʱ䣬ת㹻Ԫ벽֮Ҳǲ֮ң
οӵҩвСļɴƳͻƷϹű컯
һɹ̤ƷƿǻΪ½𺶵Ķڡ
ʱߵ˴½۷壬ͬλڣѾûвˡ
λǵӣӵĴڣ뵽нһأ

ȻͻѨ۷壬ûɣ۹ŵʤ⣬ϼβ룬ؾ׼ʱ䣬Ǵɵɫȫתա
һɹʹδܴ벽ӴԪ٣Ҳ벽·;һϣﵽ߰˳ɡ
⣬ʡ֪ʱ䣬ֱһ󱦲ء
Уתۣʱһζ
û뵽ɴһˣҪʱôáȻЩδðٰҹǰźɽʥԺѯɴǼڿͷĵȴ
ɴҲԼʧ
Ȼȴվлرġ
ڰϣһҩͯӵĿԺóһö˵ǰ
˭
ʵ
ҩͯȻǧɣ


825 ǧ
ǧɡλļλ֮һڣǧɡŮ
𺳡
Ȼ֮ǰѾ²⣬˿ǲе𾪣һ˿Īĳ羴ļ
ȻĿǰΪҲѾﵽѨ۷֮벽ûжԶδҲϣΪһķ
ǣ޵еиٹ̣Ҳ½ÿһ˲ӡ
Ǻļ۷壬϶ÿһλ½δı½˺
Ȼķʣҩͯ¶мȻ˱£˭˸Գǧɣ
䣬ŨŨԺͽԣȴһҲſ
Ϊſʱ
ǰȻʦǧǧ򣬷Ҳнʮλܱ˳֮Ϊǧɡָҳ֮Ϊǧɡģмˣ
ûУֻһˣǾһ͵츳ͬܳ𾪵ĺˮ׼ҵӣŮ

ûκ˸衣
ڰУһֱӺͿǼڣҩֵͯʱȫһͷȥͷڹ꣬ľֲ֣̿
ֱǽҩͯĴ£˿Ժ߳Զ롣
ȴκζǼڣžѹŲǱʹ֮ˣ𽣡ƽסĵطȥ䱨档
𽣡ƽϢҲǾ˰Σþò
ãһ֣ǼȥԼԺһľƵĸǰ
ԥãڼֽϷֱдһ֣뼸ֻҸµԲͲڣſ
ʱ⡱ֻŸֱȥɢͶ˷ʧ
뿪ıӰ𽣡ƽüͷɲ⣬ӹһ˿˼顣
СӣεºܣȻܱ٣Īǣ궥ҩйأ
Ȼ뵽ʲôȻһȣˣ
Ƭ̣ȭ룺´ˣ
ƽüͷʵ֮ڣʥԺеʲô쳣ٶ
ţ
룬һڵÿֻڵ֮ҩооһ㲢ֻ֮ǰԺһرµʱΪûʲôҲûмˣ
ˣô磬ˣȫˣ
ίһϣȫãȻʧ룬вεİûڡ
ڲõǵĴԣΪԿݲʣµһζҩƳ컯£ȴ˲磬ı²ܣȻ˶סɴ֮·һ֪ϣ
ֹâ˸ʱݾʱʱָе
գֻܳ̾һ૵ϣǼλа취ɡȻֻʲôҲˣԿһλ
ֻһ뵽һ㣬㲻סҡͷ
¸ĵӣҲû뷨ƾ䣬Ҳл·
ǿз
ȥ
ͬʱ
Ÿ⼸ݻԺУͬмߣİ漴ü˫ʧ߶ЩʲôûһˣҶԴչЩʲôζ
ûˣʹܡ
Ͼ˵󲻴˵ССͿϲ㣬ôˡ
ڣҲֻˡ
أ²δʲôصĺֶֻڣ˵ֲ֮ˣһˡնŵֹڣҲΣͬʱѵһ»
ǵٺ»ǵݵλԣȴȫʲôҲͲˡ
һ룬ֿࡣ
ֻǶʹʧݵĻᣬʹѡ
ˣԼı²ܣҲֲñˡ
Ҳֻܰȴûʲô취ˡ

Ժͷһ·ǰҩͯͷǰ·ͷҲأںһΡ
һ·ǰУǰҩֳֽͯɫһ·֮ϣ˶ͶĿ⣬ǽɫʱһ˿𾪺ͳݡ
ԺԺԺ־žŶ㳡ҹ̽ɴľסϪ
Сͯûֱͣƹǰ
ǰƫƧˣƶϣɽĵ·
žҪȥģֻ²ʲôͨĵطŵҪŴ
Ȼ
ƹϪ֮پ죬Ȼ½䡣
գҩͯһɫ֮ͭУ֮УѾŮӣھȴ
Ůӣͬ£һ׿ɽ߾ݽ֮ϡϴ԰ٻй˫Ŀдſϣ̽ӣ߽еĿ
߲ǱˣһΪǿ֮һġǧɡŮ벽ʦ
һˣƻвȴ㲻ѷɫ
ͬһ¾飬վϸòξʣȴ֮ˣһһһ־ĸоĿס
һ˵ҲϵһһŴζ
ζ˳ԡ
ζʵˣ߱£Ҳ֪ʶӢſܣ콾ʵŮǿ߲٣дʵģȴΨŮһˡ
ЩʵˣȻǱˣŵףΪ֡ɴҲ˽Сʥ֡
ֻš˾ͽмСʥ֡ĳƺҲͽ
أΪʵģһλʥ֡վ¡¼䣬вСǼ̳һѡ
Ц֣Ȼ˵ɣ˰ɣûƭ㣬ʦݺ͵λһ׽֮ˣٷ֮ٿš
ȻֻǼӣȷʸΪԼ
һ׿Ȼǰȴ¶ı飬׽֮ϣͬһλǧɡŮɫ΢Ŀв䡣
ûбʲôǿɫ΢صν󶥷徳ʿ֮һš𡯣ɴƷҩˣ
ûлԣҲãֱӿڣͱˣһʢ˵ĸо
ԣȴұֵаֲ֮Ůһ񣬲صͷǵģĩѧݼ
ߣ
Ůһöвɵһ
ڵܵʲôֻտڰ׻붯ŵΪ컯˺£
˼ǣ
üʵη壬̹̹ػش
ֻвɵð֣ǵõɴԣòҪӵе컯ҩ˵ȥ˿ΪκѾ֪ˣѵɴѾǰˣ
ֻΪʲôأɴӦòһ֮ˣǣɴ֮ʱһ¾ţթġ
²ĹȻûɴ˵ͷͶһǸεȻҲǶԴ¼ΪǸ
ͲóĻ֮ˣʻԼʦǿĴڣ÷Ĵڣֻԣһѹ˭аգǰ
ɴܣձ¶˳ԼʦҲҪıҩӣԵҲһ
֮ϵʱҲ뷨


826 һҪ
Ŵ£ǳԾŭȴһ뷨
ѳɷ컯ٺãҲûʲôã͸󱲣ĳͻ
Ϊһ֮ƣ£򲻻ġ
οмּһλ԰ĵӡ
ǵԼĵ¶Լ£ڶǽԸܡ
Ҫ֪ɴȻֻһӣҲֻǿᣬһ°ε̫ߣȨ֮ơ
УǽɴԼļ̳ġ
ԣȻζҩ⣬ֻȻҲ˰װױŹһûᡣ
һһơ
ֻһȻҪ۷ǰλν콾ĸԸΪЧ
ķʣһŵʦÿһλۣݵλȼƵ鵤Ĳͬвͬĳֱ׼
Ρ
ŵе붯ģŵһĴڣδļ̳ˣǧɡŮΨһӣƵģȻϹʧ컯ҪĵѶȿ֪
˵꣬¶һ˿Ϸ֮ɫڵ˵ҪݣѶȣӦøʲôĴأ

ôһ˵ڷӦ˹¶һ˿֮ɫ
ŷ֣Ϊһֱ̫ɴѣΪѰæ쾭壬ȴʦݣŵĵλȻû꣬£ȷá
˵Уչʾ˵Σζҩȫɴ̰ī
Լ飬ĸԸɴӦõı޹ء
˰æӦ
һҵԵţŵĵʦûôģ붯ҲҪ㸶óӦĴۡ
ԣ˼ȵȣһġ
ʦʦʦԼΪΪֶΣɣȻ͵ر
ڣɴƵľѪʧ컯
Ҫ꣬ãȻҲһǮܴ򷢵ġ
ټϻɴﱸʣµĴҩвһЩݣټɴԼأ¯ȫûа취İã޳ʹһУʹɴ
ԣҲ粵ֱӿʵ۱ǣֻҪ֧ȻвӦ
Ҳ˵ٵǮٱǮ¼һЩҩ֮ĶˣΪԣЩۡ
ֱѯʶԷҪʲôֻҪ֧Ȼġ
ɾһλҪʲôۣأκһ޵ߣκһţס
ԣ˵ֻɴһεһεĽȴԾˣ˷
ԣм۵ģ˵ɾ͵ķȴ޼۵ġ
Ŀǰ½ʦȻҪѰҵһλ԰컯ĵʦȴûмˡ⼸ˣֻ¶֮С
޷һҪͷϣʹɴҲˡ
ɴ֮䣬ϾнڣҪ۲̫ݣǱˣǱ꣬ƾڵңδ֧
ԣֱҲһֻҪ˿ҪۣȻҪ̸Ļᣬ컯пó
ԣĿǰΨһģǲ֪λǧɡŮеĵ׼۵Ƕˣ
Ǻǣ
ֱ֣ɰˡ
ü΢̧ڵСɴ컯ΪɹʣҽԼļƷջ𶦣Գ֣Ϊ㿴¯СĻ֣ǲԡ
þȣһز˼飻ͽܣ֡ɴ̧ͷһȵؿԼʦãȻ
û뵽ԼʦŮԸΪԼṩǿİ
ǺֹǶ棬ɵİգڲ˵ʮʮҲа˾ųɣɹʴˡ
ԭѲ²⡣
һɴǿվŴڣǿҲǿʦǧɡŮ
Ҫ֪Ǳ˳֮ΪڣΨ벽ʦ֮Ĵڣ񾳣Ҳһ֮ң
æɴֵܳĴ뷨Ĳ㣬ȻܵԲȫ
һͬҪԭȻϽԼרջ𶦡
ǿڣƷ֮һλרñ
ô˶ƵǷҩٷ֮ٻɹ
鼶ҩٿɳɹʣƳ鵤ĸʣ֮һ
ƱȻ󽵣Ҳɵĳɹʡ
ƳԱĸʣҲаٷ֮ʮ̬֮
ջ𶦣޵ļƷ֮һλмƷϵȣ뱦Ҳֻһ֮ңŵĴаɽаŽλ൱
аŽȴԶջ𶦡
ԭö˵ܼ򵥡
һаŽȻǿ󣬵Ϊʹô̫٣ΪаɽɽԳֵĻ᲻̫࣬õаŽĻ١
аŽȻǿ󣬸ֻһ塣
ջ𶦲ͬǧɡŮճ
гļƷ鵤δ˵鵤˵鵤Ѿ֪ж١޵˴󹺣ͻƷСʵĴ˵鵤ĵǴӴ˶
ԣջʢǶߡ
аŽȻǿ󣬵ϻиǽ֮
һаŽȻջ𶦡
а벽ʦ԰æ޵ʢĶ֮컯˵ǴδйʧҲŰ˾ųɵĳɹʣƾˡ
ȴãûѵͣոջһɷĻͻȻ˺ģԸæԸ趦
ֻ£ⲻȸһڱ壬ȴء
Ȼ
ǧɡŮǰĻһǰ࣬ΪҪ
ֻɴˣһͬͬʱһ𾪵Լʱβ¶˳ЦҲҪӦһ
ʲô
Ѿľˣûη⿪ڵ
֪ûô˵ĺ£ȻӦ֤˽ԶڰŮԤϣΪ⣬һᣬҲᣬǾһˡ
ֻû뵽ǡ
ΪŮȻٺмۡ
ٴᵽʱͭף֮ϵλǧɡŮȴ¶˼Ϊ֣֮ɫĿⶢסڵгһգѣΪںδڽк£ϻأǧԮ
ضĿֻࣺһҪܴӦ
ܣ֮£׼ܣɴӦʲôҲֻܱǸˣ
⣿
ҪҪ󣬲ֹɴҲЩסˡ
û뵽ģȻһҪ
ʦ
ɴ̲סЩУųųصЩףΪʲôԼʦһֵҪ


827 Ѫ
ҪȴֲΪԼΪš
Ϊ°˴֮һ㷺ΪƣڶŽǣϵǲܳš
һѣֻҪϾǱػ
ں£˭вŵĴأ
ŮȻ˵ŻΣգʹֻδ֮˵Ҳ̫ͬΡ
ΪףΪŵĴڹδΣʯΣգǾԲһҪġ
ĪǣѾӦǰ֪δᷢһ
ΪڣȻҲչ˲Ťת
סˡ
뵽֮ǰ֮䣬аɽ֮ң󶥼ţѾȺּ㸲֮޵磬ƺһ˲˷Ʈҡʱڡ
֮ǰĺƽǼ
ֻǵѵһܾһ磬ֻҩΪţҲ³
Լڵţأ
¡ǲҲΣ
ԼʦﻹԼʦֽãгһգѣǣֻЩʲô
Լǵ
һ뵽ˣͲļ٣Ƴ컯󣬸СܳΪΣٶһ˿ֿ֮ɡ
뵽ˣٲԥһͷãŵ
ֻ֣ǧ˵ֵ塣
ʲôȵԼͻƷǿأ
˷ʵԼػԼػģδһţֻӦ֮塣
¾Ůղᣬ֮ɴҶɵ֮˾ţҲԲβܵġ
ԣӦúܾȻ侲ûһ˿֮ɫ
ףǧɡŮòһ
û뵽Ӧôʹ죬Ȼ
漴һԱվźŵԼͽɴնȥкȻðһ뷨
ҲһθԶһͷĳŵҪҪι̵ðٱأ
һòһ

£ɴ֪ʱͻ뷨
˵ӦŮһҪ󣬲̫ݵ¡
ΨһѵģֻҪݡ
û뵽Ů˵ģȻֻʱǰӪһΣ
ȻӦޱʹ죬ڡ
Ҫ˵Ǹ棬ΨһȽģҪʲôطʲô飬뿪ţǰԮ
ʱ£Ȼá
ʲôҪ£Ҫһʱ䣬߸պԼѣһʱѣȴòֻѡţܻԹ
ǣκ飬иջеõҪʧȥ
ŸشۣԼ컯ȴʲô븶еǲ
ԣΪѣһӦ
Ϊɾͷܻ֮ӵĶͶ࣬Σʱ̣ҪȵģҲɴҶɵ֮ڵţΪѶֻΪŵ
ûвˣ
ң²⣬ʹǧɡŮӦΣҲܾڡ
һλڣأٿԿ϶Ŷʱǲµġ
Ƴ컯½Ϊ֮ǰǲµġ
ԣҲ̫ģھҪʲôЩġ
ңΪԳ⣬տƾ⡰ǧɡŮΪԼܻ᲻ŵ֮ʱڷħ֮ġ
ʾֻҪɴһԼʲôںηһҹ̣žԮϨ˰Ůǡ
νħ֮ģǣȴ漰ԼԲĳ̶ȡ
һĲͻȱݡ
Ϊ͵ʱвãȵԺΪˣҪͻƿ֮ʱпܾħϡ
һǽʧܣ˲У
ħ֮Ҳ޵һرеԣһΪϸߣǰ;ԶˣԣܻΥ
ᣬѾ󶥷ӣѨ۷Ϊδϣ׷Ȼ¡
Ů׷ģ¾ʹ̶̸ɡ
Ǽ̰ͼҩˣȻᡣ
÷ڣǧɡŮУУ˭Ҵҩݵ⣿
ֻ¼β˶ʲôΣա
ԣҲɷģֻ֪Ҫ⣬컯֮£ȵֻܵɵһˡ
ѯʹɴŮ֪˵ҩۣʮϡҩҲӦоУѰҡ
ƷɴǰŮʵǵһΣûаٷ֮ٵİա
ԣΪʧӳɹʣҪһһЩʱ䣬óһѵѰһЩɹʵƷԼԼ̬
Լڰ֮󣬵ľԲȱ׼뱸Ҳ޲Żʽ¯
ʽ֮ʱ⣬һ֮ڣȥҲ׼ȽΪнװ벽֮
Ȼ컯Ǳˣһήͳɹʡ
ԣҪһҲܳɵҲͲ׼ͣȥˡ
˵ţΪ̽ŷ˺£͸ɴͷ˥ݽ컯
֪ǻҪʱ׼͵ɵһ֮õʱ䣬ҲԼڣǷʲôΣԴȻſһ
ʵţĪ˵ǵԼʦһˣڷڣǷʲôΣ
ԼǼλѣ൶Ѻѣǧʫ˪ȣǷʲôΣգ
ԣҪȻţȷ֮һطٵرչء
ȡһʱ֮ڣԼΪӸսѨ۷֮ͻƣΪһλнװ벽Ĵڡ
Ϊ˵ѴﵽѨ۷壬װ벽кЩ룬˵нװ벽
˵ֻҪʱ䣬ܴﵽڣǷȱľʱ䡣
һ֮컯ƳɹȴΪϣ˿ţΣյ顣
²֪ٿڷ֮ͻƵˣΪ˶񣬲ϧۣ޾
УֻҲ⡣
ʱ򣬼ʹΪǣҲԵֵϴ󳱡
ˣڵ֮ʱһڷ£õ飬ҲܽΣ͡
ˣȻоʱЩΪзؾڣֿԳϵֵнǾãвСϣ
ҲҪҸȫĵطչصҪԭ֮һ
ȵط˵Ҳ㰲ȫϾǿ;ӣ㷽㡣ѱԼʱִȻһľӰΪĽס
ԼţһжϤĳĳ׷ɣȻѡ
ǣſڣ׼׵ġǧɡŮԱߵġ֡ݱ׼һ֮
ȴ룬ڴʱǧɡȴһֵҪ
һ¡
סڵ˵ϣһɴǩµѪţóѪ֮飬˺٣ǻԼΪ
һ٣עĿ¶ʣ㲻ţھͿԴҩȥұ֤Ϊ㡣
ʲô
һʱס
ɴҲȫûԤ뵽ʣһʱɼˣеصʦ
ǰŮֻҡҡͷ
һ˫ĿضϿЩʲôһʱ


828 ع
ȰʦɴõǵЩʲô
֮У˫Ŀֻ۾һķӦĴ𰸡
ãĪ˵ֻǹһ˲
ڶˣĿڽ׵ġǧɡŮһӶһǽ϶ҡͷʾǧҪɴȻЦˡ
á
һ֮˻Ҳô֮У˫˫Ŀ
˺
˵һ֮һ֣ʱԼУһﱻС
һѪɫʹôãɢǱǵսɴ³ﻯλΪдµѪ֮顣
Ѫ֮飬ûκãֻ֤ͱ֤ɴеﻯλӵоԵȨﻯλС
гһգﻯλ⣬ɴ븺⳥ͬһݸ
гһգɴȥݱű⣬дҲ˳ű֮Уȡߣκ˲Υ
ɴѪĶԼ˸֤Լ飬Υ
Ҳ˵ֻһֽѪ֮飬Ϳ֤ʱƳ컯УٲãҲйϵ
ûˣ֮ܽĨȥ
ʧȥѪ֮飬Ҳ޷֤еҩǳС
ʱ򱦵ɣҪԼˣҲֻţ
ΪòӦ֤ݣţΪ°˴󶥼ţ˵ȥĻȻһѨȨйöࡣ
ʱǧ࣬ƳƷ컯Уֻ·Ҫ˳ЦӣħΪˡ
Ҳû˻֧ͬ
½ԵС
ʱ˿̣ȴֳһҪѪ֮飬˫ֳַߣһ׵İŮԱߵɴ΢΢һЦ
漴һͣ
һõĴ󣬲ֽƬѪ֮飬ֵܵס˴˲롣
漴ٴһ
ͣ
Ѫ֮飬ٴһ漴ڲʼ飬ΪһƬϸ߿գһһŻ棬˲ȼյ
ˣҳƮ£ģԭֻң˭ٴҲֽܽѪ֮鸴ԭ
Ҳ˵ӽֻ֮ҪŲԸ⣬ͲӵжҩȨһֻԼ
һĻоþ
ɴġֿںһĻΪһطȻȻըһꡣ
û˵ۿУһ߾Ө
׵ĻȻЦѵõسЦ꣬صͷ
ܺãɴûпˣȷһúӣĵع̹ѵãѵá
£ôекӣѾˡжҰŮʮ꣬˵Ҳ㡣
ЦĿɴϸתһתɫת࣬ɫȻҲģȻǣҲ㡣
ղ㲻Ը˺ֽѪ֮飬ҾԻֹɴ㣬Ϊֵá
ڣ֤ļֵ֮ˣұ㡣
£ȫԸһ֮ұٰ֤컯ڣȥˡ
ǡ
ԣ΢Цɴ֣ٲͣ˳Ȼ뿪ˡ
뿪֮󣬰ŮһЦɴֱͨ죬ˣŲһЦصɴӽᵽҵסɣһоȷ֮
ɴص˵ͷһ٣뵽ʲôٴοڵ⣬ԽӵҲˣȥ˰ɣ
ʦ
ɴʱԺȻ
Ů״ʱ֪ˣһЦɵӣʲôأȥӵݣȻҪʽӵݡ
˵ɫһ࣬ڵɴ£Ϊʦ㣬ԸΪҰŮ£һʽӣ

Ӵ󱯵ϲû뵽ϲͻȻ
ɴһ֮ӭ׽֮ϰŮĹЦĿ⣬ʱӦæ̨ףһϥ顱һصعȥϲɫڵԸ⡣
˵꣬Ҳβסĵľϲŵİʦ֮ٴ֣صߵŸͷ
һΣŮûֱֹ꣬һЦˣҲݹˣɣʦͽ֮Եʽ£ԺҡǧɡŮŵΨһ״ˣúѧҪҵ
ǣʦ
ɴվ𣬹ɵվ󣬸˴
ŮҲֹһܵظŵӵķ̣΢˫ۣ΢΢ͷЩʲô
Ƭ̣ӸղŵĴ󱯴ϲ龳лָɴЩʲô̲סʵʦոΪʲôһҪ˺ȥѪ֮飬һҪΪģ˺˺ʲôͬ𣿡
ŮԣۣĿһӶһԺɲ׵ӣһЦ
ͬĳЩûʲôͬΪ
ɴ⣬Цһ£ŽͣҪ˵ͬǾǣȷ˶Էһ֮ˣȷǳžӣˡ
ˣֵͶʣѾΪ컯Ϸ֮
ˣպѣߣҰ֮֮λʱͻһǿˣ
⡭
ɴû뵽ԼʦȻǳ̽ĿģΪ˿һƷΣΪҪ˺ȥʲôѪ֮顣
ֻû뵽վȻ˶ѡ
뵽ˣ֪ΪԼԲ˾һȨȫŵϣɴУͲһ΢ů
µλ绪ŮӣǧɡŮ۾΢УȥķҲþԡ
˵ɣȻûô򵥣ģɴһѡ
һΪţһ֮ҲԽԽԶˣߵһ𣬲Լ󣬶һ¡
ԣɴѰѹأһƷԷȻûʧ
컯Ⱥľ޴ջǰȻýȨˣĴʧԵɼԡ
ֻһ㣬Ѿ㹻ͣãͷŻ֣صĳŵ֤ãϧһдۡ
£ҪԼһЩѪóһЩѾõΪҲϧ
һУѾ뿪Ŵɽ¶ȥعŵȻ֪

ʱ֮ɽ¡
һϮ£ƮȻɣһ¾ȥ֮󣬻ɣعŵȷС
Ѫ֮˺٣޺ڡ
ɴҲŰŮһ֮ˣԲ˺Ȼء
ԣһУֻһ֮ˡ
ϣܳɹɣ
Ψһϧֻ֮УûмҶɣҲ֪ôˡ
Щû̫ͣãͱնȥ
ȻҶɶŬȡմﵽ벽֮һ֮޵ܵӦñȱŬЩǡ
뵽漴ٲͣ۵糸һ·ݣӰչ¡
һ·ŶϷڵķλ۶ȥ


829 ɿ˲ʶ
һº
ݶϣΧɽ
һµһˣٴվɽĽ¡
ͷƾ棬ǧݣɸпǧ
ʱôãԼֻˣҲ࣬ռҵĶԹõ컯ҩΪ徳ʿϵľ콾֮һһ֮ɾͷ
һеһУôĲ˼飬ôλ롣
뿪֮ǰ벻
̶ʱ䣬һѾôһ
һʣٹ⣬Яķţعš
Լʲôݣ޷ֵԺУͬǹһˣɽ£μ
Žʶư֣ӣϾ飬£Ӧѩŵӡ
ʱۣЩˣѾ˵
ЩˣȴΪ½Ϊ𶯣Ľ֡
ƩӦѩ飬Լ
Ϊ뿪ԲŸ
磬ٶ˶ʣٷ֣༰⴦ĸ塣
ӣˣʹˣˣ֮˼ڡ
ƽûжٲҲûôḻһŵӣǴ߳ȹԼֵļʱ䣬ճΪµ֡
ѾϤϰ
λȻͬпǧûе̫ãһ㳯ڲȥ
ӰûɽʱԭһƬɽʱ»Ծ
ͬһ۾ɫʡ
һʱϸ·Ϊ˳Ľؾɫڴﵽҵĵز벽Ҳһ
ңΪĽҲŶӰĸٶȣѴﵽһ˼ĵزֻһѾ￪⡣
ԣɽ󣬶ڲˣ죬Ѩ۷ĶֶԣȴϢ顣
ܿ죬Ķϣ޾Ĳӿһһ죬쳹

Ŀ¶֮ɫƺҲ֮ӿͬС˻齦衣
ٶȸˣθѾûɽɫУӰ
Ƭ̣һһĻڽ뵽ڲ
ɽʣʡ

ڶӴϢһһɽ֮ϴȥڰлݹ⣬λãһԼ뿪֮ʱ
濴һжûж仯
ֻ֪һѾȫͬˡ
ûֱͣһŻķȥ
λ˵ǵʵĵʲôһֻǹⲻ룬ԼװͿѡ
뿪ԽãʱԽãǣҵʲô
û˵󣬿еӡʵ˳ɶʦӰ
˵ǵţǵԼʦ᲻ʲôΣգһ֪ˡպֵϢұ׺֮Ⱥ˺ʲô飬᲻벻һУȥ
ȻĵףʵҲһֵĵġ
޵磬ѾЩ˿£аɽȺңϾѧճɳĵطΣϣ¡
ԣ˵󣬼Ϊʢʱ򣬲λһ徳ʿϣŴ콾УһţռˣǧδС
ǣƶʢδδزΣ֪ڣʥܾˣ
ڣʥܾȻȺˣ˭֪֮УǲǻħȵԱأڣʥܾСආɵƻޡ
һλȨأʵ֮ˣ֮۵ʥ۵ƣаɽ֮ƶᣬ̸޾̣̳аȡ
ǽǻԵġ
ԣܲǣ£аɽӦǱˣûУССϺֻĴɣȴˮ£֪Ŀ
ԣҪ˼еĻڣһΪ˱֤ʱߣһҲҪ֤ʦİȫ
Ҳ뿴ܾܲصĴɣƽһڵΣ
ⲻǶǧͨĪɵ飬ҲӦѩ飬ʦãһ֮ء
ԣ֮ôУûֱͣķȥ뿴ԼʦûΣգǷѾ֪պõϢ״̬ô
ãȻҪ뷽跨⡣
ֻû뵽ǣص£Ϥɽʱˡ
Ȼµסˡ
ԷԴǵظ߷֮һĵؽ磬֮ˣδͨý룡
ʲô֮ˣδͨý룿
ָָԼıӣָָɽϣտЦãʲôˣǿ֪ʲôˣ˭ǣҪɽ£ɽģ
µӣһۣ漴һˣһӵؿСӣҪˣ⼸Ϸȥģûһ٣ҲаʮѾöˡ
ǣ
һָԼӣָָһͬ飬һصǣǾǻļӣո½ġʦܣ½ջơ
壬ǣܱΪӵģһֻаˣɽڣɽޣԣ뿿ɻģŶûУ

Եվԭأµӣ٩٩̸ΪӶΪʦܶ˷ܡ
Ĳ뵱ǣԼǻõΨһʽӣҲǵһλʽӡ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱʼʦþȻһɽţĻ壬ƺҲԼû䣬㣬
ǡ
ʲôʱԼʽӣõΨһˣǿνĽȴҪӵ⣬˵ʲô֮ˣδͨýģ
ǣѵĲ֪Լ˭ڸǣӦʲôı飿
ĬĬ֣ӴȡһöƣסƸ߸߾𣬷м䡣
øƾ
Ӹƿڴһ̣۾ȻԲƺԼۻˣ࣬ٿֿڣȷö֮ϣǸһĻ֣رۡ
öơǣʦֵĻ
ž
һ̣ӣһͷԵæȥУ϶ޱȵĲ޵ݵɫ
Ϊʦ֣Ȼǵ浲⣬ý룬һϲֱǡ
żֵ塣
ҡҡͷҲΪ⣬ƣһֱӳɽ֮ϼ۶롣
µӣ㿴㣬ҿңȻ۾һȥӰޱȵ˷ܼ
Ǹտ˭ʦ֣ʦֻˣ̫ˣ
ǰǰսѳֶΪ֮һһ£ǻ¶ˣҪ˲֪٣ʦֻǰ˸ڣǵһʦֵˣã
˷ܵ㵸ƣ۳ݵı顣
ȻѾԼż
̲֪ԼѳΪ棬͵ġһںܶŵǵż


830 
껪š
Ҳһɲ䣬ЩԭǱ֣綥ӰڵӰϵһЩʱţΪ裬Ҫôִ£ҪôŵһܣҪôɴ壬Ϊĸӹ
ɻԾ̨ϵģѾԽԽ١
Щȥս˲У³ңѲ֪ȥ
ĵӻһһһһ䣬ѲԭȺˡ
дøпᡣ
ʱ䲻һоѾȫͬ
ʶ®ɽĿֻԵڴɽС
˿̣õдա
ԼΪÿʱÿ̶ڱ仯Ըܲԡ
˿һϲӣһǴƷʣΪֽޣ½
䣬жٵĴ棬ٵĹ£
ԣ֪֪Ǽ¶ͯѾɳΪĲ
Ӧѩ飬ոռûõͫΪ֪ΪڶӵĽ޵Ĵ档
һλڣ𺳣ȻŸոտʼһΡ

֪ӵĶԻһ·У;
һ·ͨ裬ϤɽܿصϤͭǰ
һλﲻͬǳ˴ɨ
ڣ㺮һȾȻǾ˴ɨʰ
룬Ҳ϶֪ʦյǼӡ
֪ΪΣȻеᡣ
ǰֻԼʦˣµţȴҲһ
ڣڶ˱ˡ
Ȼ࣬ǾãЩʲô
вܶռʦʧȱɡ
˻壬ֹʦԸҲԼ
ԸʦĲģȻҲֻнңҪ󣬹ͽ
һУֻϣܿʦϷĵЦա
Ȼ֪ΪԼ֮ʱ䣬ʦΪλȻ˼ӡ
壬վòͬȻʧȥʦͽ˵Ķռ䣬ҲûԭĹ¼ģһ˿һ˿ů
ٲԭʦͽסһ壬¼ҹˣ챻ģ
ʱ˭뵽Ըˣ类䣬ûԸĻ壬ȻҲ߷еģѡ
ϧǰ˶ûԸ벻ͬڵĻ壬˵ӣͷ룬ȴԸ
գҲֻ˰˸ӡ
ңоԼʦһǸ鷳ˣȻԸʢֻҲʦͽ֮顣
֮Իͽܸԭ򣬲ͽܣԼʦʦá
ǲʤţҼţԲԻӣӰգ
ˣӦֱͽԼһҲǽмӣʽӣԽԽˡ
ӡŲ࡭Լʦǵֶδһǵסɣ
͵Цһ̣ƽһЩ
ͷһοǿϤңɷĴ֣㺮ʱһ̣ǲ˼ǧ
ʦ
૵صɿĽŲ˴˴ȴȻһ
ӣˡ
õ£뻹
ռĹδػ붯̫ϳϡףֶԸպ
֮롰֮ϵ¼Ʋߣպô˴ΣδػܵңˣưܶӣǱ֪١
һеһУڰϵϵ̫󣬵ȴǲȱٵһ
ˣȴƫƫԼʦյɡ
Է֪»ԼͽܲУڸʲôӦ
Է֪֮˶ӣưܶݣԼҲĪĹϵԼ״ӣָʲôĿȥ֮أ
ʹ˿̵һٻľ޴ػش˴ӦǸ߸ˣ½硣
ǣȴȫûһ緢콾оվͭǰֻʣһ֮ǰվڴǰһУĽ羴Ŀ⣬Լʦһ̡
һأ˵ʦţҵĸмѧյʱ̡
ʹʱãһѾͬҲ¡
УʦӰһĸߴ
ʦĴڣһԼݡ
СѧʦͯϸĻη
ȻصҪʦһлԡ
꣬ľվЩͬԭ¸ңӼ㣬ڳе
ԣһĿ΢漴ٲԥŶ롣

֨¡ʯſ߽ŵ
һ룬Ȼһŵվͬبű˪һӰݶĿںȻһҵʹվΡ
ռŵͭϿռš
һλŮӣȻصԣˣٲȻһˡ
Ȼ˿̣磬ǰҵһŻһ磬ɽӽ
ӵ£ȴɢе
Ůӵϣɢһɵ֮⣬þòӰԽԽãתƣʼһ
Ҳ֪վ˶ãҲ֪վá
ʦ
ʵȻһϥͨһعڵء
һ̣ʲôʲôȰ˵ȫдǡ
һ仰˵ֻокۣۣǰδеľʹδԹʹ
ǰ֮ˣȹͬǿе£ϵ顣
ǣһ̣˾ľΪȴһֿնľĸо
һ̣ʣҲףԼʦѾ֪õһϢҲ֪еǰ˵Ҳû˵

ȻҲ֪˶ã֮УǾӰڻתͷ
ϤݣϣȴյͬԱȫߡ
ǰİͽ֪ȡ˾޴ĳɹϣȴ˿ϲõı顣
ˡ
ǿ뼷һ΢Ц˼Σܳɹڣתͷȥ̾˿
ͺã㡣
ʦԼ׾ˣǣҴ˶󡭡
ֻǿϧǶʱ⡣
˵ţҲ֪˵˵Լ
ռţֻԼ͵͵һѩ䣬ûв廰ҲҲ廰
㿴
ȻһָǰҵǷ
УһƬϿһ
ӰУվһŮӣ˵ʲôȴӦ
ֻһɢһꡣ
ŮӾվڻ£ճյؿţƿ޷ǿޣЦЦȴա
ʦã׵һʫڻ뻨ֻﻨ


831 Ӱ䶯
̶̵һ仰ֻʮ֣ûʲô̫ĺ壬һ̣ȴȻޱȵı
Ժй龳һŮӣվ԰£Իϧٻȴʼԡ
ֻһˣૣչ¶Զ֪ʱͷ
һˣįҪٻҪΪ飬ûһѣˣ߼ʹУʱ˿̣Ҳߡ
ǸǼį¶ʲô̶ȣ
εȹ
̧ͷʦıӰܵһʧ͹¶Ȼһ˲ࡣ
ͽûӦûлͷ
ֻǳճյǷŻʫ䡣
һ̣ףʦľҪʱڻָֻѡ
֪ԼʦڣҪĲȰοԼһˡ
ֻеԼӹȥӰ߳˵Ȱ˵Ч
ԣҪԼӦһʱ䡣
ڼ䣬Լ뷽跨Ĵʹƽľֵָʶ֮ǰǸ£绪˽֪ġͨ塱õķɡ
ԣĵ˳ȥ˳Լʦ˵š
⣬ء

ƬʱصԼСݡ
ͭһСݣҲɨøɸɾ
ȻЩӣɨסķݣҲʱɨʹҳ
ˣͷԸпοһЩ룬ҲмʦʦܣҲǼ顣
ûгڸղŵ̫á
Ϊףûκ塣
ǰ޵ʱ䣬ʦľİ취
ͷǧٸʦõӣֱһһƷ
ĪһȻһ֣ۡһӳʯҿǽһʯʱ룬žһԵڵء
һ죬еɶȻһ
ŷֿɵڵصʯɫˮУ侲
յԼ̫ͬѰ
κʱټ飬ԼҲܵȻ֮ƺЩˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʦ
뵽һãȻԼʦ˱仯ûͲнʦ
Ȼ֮ǰ֮ǰ֮ǰԼʦʱֺڣľȫûˡ
һ˿ڡ
֪һĻϴаɽ˵ʲôҲߡ
ƴŷɣƴźʹþ̷ԼҲ֣ҲҪԶİ¡
ֻϧʱһȥٲϺף֮ͬʱ֣Ըͬһ˵ʱˡ
ңҲˣԼлԵõаɽɽµĴ䣬õе˥ݣлƳϹű컯
ӶΪͨ򷨵Ĵš
ԣһһģĪǰһһԵ컯
ԼǴûܳˣɱǾ͵ԼͻƷԶ֣һһؽɱ
ţʱգҲ̫Զˡ
һкâԡ
ҳɾͷ֮գ֮ʱ
۾ϥʯ֮ϣ˼Žƽ
µԣȴı䡣
ĵװµԣҲǴأɵһԣݻڣ

صϢӵഫܿ£ӣ˷ܲѡ
ǵĿڶഫܿ죬ִ޴𶯡
һЩϣִ£Ҳ׷׾ϲظ壬һ棬Ϊϲ
ʱ˿̵Ļ壬Ҳԭ¼ţɽΧһȺˣвһЩ߲㡣
ϧصԼʯ֮󣬺ܿչأʱڣܳ
ЩһĿŵӺͳϣִ£㶼ѣҲֻܽɢ뿪ء
֮
ڳأɾܾЩ˵ԻɽһƫƧС·µ÷֣֪ȴߵ߷̶֮ʯڡ
ΧһȺˣԼճʯĳһȻҲһ˿棬˹ȥȺ֮Ŀ⳯ڱʯ֮ȥ
Ȳ鿴ģȻνڵӰ
ʮӡ
Ŀ΢һΪ׼Ԫ磻ڶգ׼Ԫ磻׼Ԫ硭ڰ˪ʮ۷塭ʮϼʮжΡ
Ǻǣ
Цһɸ̾ѡ
ڵӰǰʮԼһʶһû˵ƶĵӡ
ʮӣһҲˡ
ң񵥺ͼ֮ǰڵӰԱȣҲԿóһ𰸣Խʢˡ
ڵӰ񣬵һϽ컪ǰ벽Ԫ磬׼ԪԵһ
ڣֱ׼Ԫ磬ֱǰ벽Ԫ۷塣
Ҳ˵ڵһ죬ڵӰһġϽ컪ҲŸģܸ͡
һʮϼΪҲʮжΣڵӰʮ䣬Ų˲سΡ
һʮжΣһ˲ΣɼΪϵĲ𣬼ֱر
˿š׵ͻƷƴʢҪĵӴ
ټϺ󱲵ŲӦѩ飬ͫƵټձѩ֮˶ϡ
ͻѨĵӣֱʮܺͣ벻ʢѡ
һڵӰϣҲ͸ˡ
ͻƻԪڣ棬ֻ³ֻԪ֡
ֿڵӰڿ˼Ϥ֡
ڵӰһһǧ񾩣׼Ѩ硭ڵӰϺ⽣Ͼ飬벽Ѩ硭ڵӰʮ壬Ͻ컪Ԫ۷塭
֮⣬İ֡
ŵһ񾩣ƷƬ
֮ǰڵӰǰ壬Ҳ˼ʱȥҲӰ벽Ѩ׼Ѩ磬Ȼûͻơ
ǰߺļˣ硰紵ѩ裬˭˲ʶƷɡ쵶ޡѪָ̣ӡȣȺͻѨ
ȻԭǻȻ˸ڵӰ
ףȴЦֻΪǰˣ˶Ӱ
ˣ
ֻһˣԭ̤ĿȱУųʲôڵӰһ
ǺͬʱŵϾ飬ڵǰΪҲﵽ˰벽Ѩ̾ƾʣҲһֵ̫顣
ԭڵһġϽ컪Ȼ̫ۣ˼ʱ䣬ڰ˸ԪڣҲ㲻ˡ
ˣȴҪô䣬Ҫôʱ䣬粻ȥıִ£Сط£ڵӰˡ
ڵӰϣԭǳļġ񡱸һʮġӰǧľɵȣȴ㶼ڤԨһУʮֿϧ
ڸһ֮ġָӡͻѨΪӡ֮Բͬꡣ
ȥ˹١
ſ˶Ӱ
Ҳעһ񵥡
Ϊ⣬ԼҲϡ
ֻǾڼ
һŲ̾һ䣬޳


832 ͨϣ
ս֮ʱĶӰֻܹжʮ
ڵӰϵĶ콾һһͻѨ붥Ӱ񡣶ӰʱҲչʮˡ
ʱ˿̣ٿּʱ䲻ⶥӰ仯֮磬ѾԼ㶼ϲˡ
һ£ʮλƾˣԭϣһࡣ
ⶥӰ񣬿ɲʲô˶ܽģٶ׼Ѩĸ֣Ҫ츳ͻףܽ롣
ң׼Ѩֻǵףܹûмˡ
ϰģѨһӣʮ£ͣͻƵѨģʣĸţ֮ӡ
ֱӷһδš
Ҫ֪һĿڰ֮ĩţ¥Щ۵һס
ʱ˿ֻ̣Ӱ񣬱ԿѾϣոһգԽԽǿơ
ʢľͷ趼費ס
һӶһִ֮࣬ϵ£ռ۵һ˳Ծ𺳡
ʱйǿʢľ󣬼ֱǷ츲صı仯
뵽ǰ˴УΨһӵ˫ţҲͲˡҲֻ΢һ£漴ҲΪԼΪӶԺ
Ŀƶ¿ȥ鿴
ȣڵһλģȻڣ󶥷ӰһˣѩӦѩ顣
⣬Ԥϡ
֮ԭĶӰһˣΪס
Դ֮󣬾̫ϳϣλƽȻ˳С
ģΪӰڶġҺ
ϧǣսУ׳ȻҲǺӦѩһִʮ֮һ
ֻǣӦѩƽǣȴԶسƬϣ̾Ϣ
Һ󣬼̳жӰһģ˳λġ봨
봨Ϊ콣ӣԭΪ콣֮ףϧӦѩϣΪӰһȻ˺
ңӰڶҲȻ
ӰҲǡͫͫ
޵磬Ǿأ׹֣𡰱봨ǿ֪٣ֱ徳ʿϻõ壬ڰ˵ĺóɼ£һ漣
ݹʷˡһ죬δйǿʢʱ
봨Ȼʵƶ˶ļ֮һϧǣͽϣѾҪӽʮޣǱԶˡ
ԣȻʵɲȴòλͣǰøλˡ
Ӱģ봨壬ȱɪǧģߣŮɢƺ񡭡ԭǰĶ֡
Ȼ˲ˣʵûн֮ͣǰߡ
ͻǶӰ׵ڣҲֻӵλ
ڰϣɱ˸ΣҲǵĲ
ûжͣĿƣһϤӳܿϧȴǴڴİм䣬ֻܿɨ裬ͣ١
Ӱڰˣ൶Ѻѡ
ӵʮһǧʫ˪
ӵʮ壬紵ѩ衣
ӵʮˣ˭˲ʶƷɡ
ӵڶʮˮǧѩ
ӵڶʮ쵶ޡѪ̡
ӵʮ츫ʥۡձ
ӵʮ壬ڰԴ
ӵʮһȸᵶԪ˼
ӵʮģָӡ
ӵʮ߷ȭ顣
ӵʮģ紵Ӧá
ӵʮ壬ɽ³ǡ

ʮ棬Ϥֻ֣вһ롣
ʣµĴ֣⼸½ģȻʱûвǼλƶӵĵλأʱҲԶˡ
ֻǣ棬ûпư֣ӵ֡
أͻѨʱ̫̣أûü棬ǼᣬȻҲûн붥ӰϣȻĩβҪ֡
ⶼǳ£ż
źǣһĶӰ棬̫֣ѾôʧҲܳˡ
ع̶̼꣬Ķӡ
ԭһҺ䣬ص㣬
ԭӰƽ̶䣬ڣڻ衣
ԭӰߣܾ֡䣬ڣס
ԭӣݹʥ֡ڣʥ䣬ص㣬ӰԹڣ֮֡
ԭӣһ⡱ǧ䣬ڣ׷ѡ
ԭӣ޻ڡѩ÷䣬ڣ׷ѡ

һĿĵ֣Ϊ硰ݹʥ֡ڣʥֿѣ硰һ⡱ǧ޻ڡѩ÷ЩǴеż硰Һƽ̶ȵȡ
һ̶֣꣬Ծ̨ϵЩ֣һңΪĴڡ
˺ͬʱЩˣ˭ǵǵء
һ̣Ȼ
޵޵ǲ޵
ǣ·ϵģȴ֪ۿݹǣ𣬵¿գգܳɹģмˣ
ҲгһգԼҲΪǲ֪еһλ
Ǿֻиս񳯣ʹԼź
뵽ˣһٲͣת뿪
ڴʱת۾漴ޱ𾪣ſͼ˫ָڴǰᡰꡱһ˲һʧӰ
ֱߺӲŷӦ˲ͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ش찡ǲҸղſ˭ˣǡλˣʯǰǾȻûһ˲
ʲôļٵģ㲻ƭǵİɣ
˻ɣ֮ţΪǸûпûио
ղΧһȺˣд⼸¼ĵӣ˭֪˭ҲûлͷŵĵӴҲʶҲϲԲֳ档
Ҳɻ󣬵Ҳˣ֮ǰǾ񣬲ţûҺڿѵˣ
˵ǰѻػ壬찡ղǾȻûв̫ˡ
һЩ˺ڵôض㣬ŲѣΪûܼʶλʦ֣Ȼպڲѡ
ϧӰ죬ЩȴҲˡ
Ҳͻ룬ڻ£ҪɽǱܵüһһȥ

֪ߺһĻ֪Ҳ֪ӦǺεȱ顣
Լս󣬵һμ棬ʦЦԣͻѨϰڹͻѨڣ۷壬лʶԼܴﵽ߾磬
ʱҲҪմٹ⣬ΪˣΪϲá
ڣǿ˵һһҲûпܣԼʦȴǷģ޳
޳Ҳ޳
ʱȴѾ¡


833 ͨУ
һ֮ء
ڵӵĸͬһʱֻ̣ܴʮս֮ˡҪУͱ뿿ƾʵС
һ£ÿֻһνĻᡣ
һһ˲㣬ÿһ޵ʵܴͬ򵽵ڶʮģڵвĴڣܴǰʮģڵеٮٮߡ
ڸߵĲΣҪߵʵʮʮ㣬ֻҪǰʮǰʵ
ʮԺ󣬿ܾҪϵʵˡ
ʮʮ㣬Ҫĩβʵ
ʮʮ㣬Ҫεʵ
ʮʮ㣬ҪӸ߶ս
ʮʮ㣬Ҫǰʵ
ھʮһٲ㣬ǶӰףҲδؼһܴͨ
ߵĵһ˲㣬ݴԪޣҲ൱編Ĵڡ
˵ΪֻԪҿⱻ࣬ҲһѨĵսʤҲҪ벽ϵս
ңҪսž˵սһϣ
һ㣬ݴֻϣżȻƾһЩͨ΢ǿͨУû
ӣܴ򵽵һٲģѳһ
Уһδϣ¶콾δض£޵硣
˵ڡϯ֮ʱ򵽹һ߲㣬뿪ǰϣʮ겻ع顣
Ȼϣ֮ʱͨգԵһ
Уһ߲Ϊ߼¼ܴƣ߳һ
ǰս֮ǰԻԪսߴ򵽹ʮ㡣
ֻǣڵʮһ㣬ս״̬ѣֻƽװƷ˲˳ȥʮֿϧ
ԼҲûмʶʮһ֮ΣҪ˵һ˲ˡ
֮ȻͻѨʵǣȴûٴһǾòҪҲǲͷ
λǰձչأ֣ĵԽԽ࣬һɲȶ
Ҫƽȶ״̬ΪԺɸֵ׼бҪ׶νԼһؾ硣
뵽֮ȴ뵽˵ڴʱõƷطƬ
һ顰ƬպһδɽӡǮɱõջ
ҲһδеõİƷƬ岻
ΣƬõ٣Ƭȴ֪ϡУǱʼͣΪֹҲܹռö
öƬһһжѣҪ˵ˡ
˵ΪӰ֮λҪһƷֻ²ѡ
ǣǡһ̽˼
ΪټãһٲϵѶȣһֱڵӣǵ
˵ڲҪҲ뿴ǻǣô֮һ˲㣬жôֲһʱȴǰ
ȴҪٴһ̽Ծ˵һأȴһصˡ

ѽʱ
Ŀҫǽɫ֮ϣοһȦһȦĽ⡣
ǰĺʯ㳡ϣɺÿһۼڶںͶӣһ쳤ӣ̧ͷϷʯʾƣȴű˵ʧܣԼ롣
ȺУŮվһһƣͬȺڶĿ⣬ٲȻ˵ġ
վȺǰԶÿһ룬ǰΧУٲȻǹ¡
˵ΪƽʱͷѪ
ʱ˿̣ȴһĸԸȴںŮӵĿУǳݺͼһ˿
ǧģŮɢƺ
Ӱǰʮ
֮ǰǾѾ󶥷ǰеٮٮߡ
ȻӦѩ飬ͫȵͻ𣬺ϣǵ΢µ˼ҲɱǰʮΡ
ƽʱһ˶ѣûϵ죬һμ˾֪ιʣ
ˣվȺ֮Уһһ£ͤͤһߺɫ٣ʶߣһЦ绨紺ˣֻһ仨ţĿ
һһȣʽȻͬȴͬ˾ʤա
ڴʱȻͷϵʯʾһʺ˲ɫŶһƣش߳
ʧı飬Ȼûʲôջ
ʵؿһĸӾתȥ
ģƺ˶һۣĵ˵ͷһС
ʱһӰһȻԱٶȣУ漴Ӱ
ΪǴӺ󷽶ٶ̫죬һ˿Ŀ
ֱͶУͷʯʾٴһɫʮ»Ϊʺʮٴλرա
˴󻩣һ£٣ɵģ̧㣬Ҳɽԭء
ջؽŲޱ飬˻صƺߡ
˸˫ۣȻҲûʲô顣
ͼߵĻƺͷ˼֮󣬻ƺ˵ͷ
漴ǾȻȺһˣλøļˡ
ǣ򱧱Թۣע֪֮ʲô˼
һͷˮǽŵı飬˸ɱϸϸһ룬ҲȻ
ԭλҪλ֮˰кùӳˣ֪˭˴󵨣ǲˡ
ǣǣ
λﶼ֣һһȭҲҪ
Ȼλλãʲôݣ춼Ҫᡣ
۷׷ףһߣ·λõĻҪߣͬܣΪֺˣתʼǲϳıߡ
һ˷ܱһӣ˵ս
Ǿ⣬һ롣Ƚȥ˶ʵߵһ֪ǲϤʶģ϶ҵǸλλõˡ죬Ǿλ
˵ͷȻԿҪһ޷ˣÿÿ±ֻһλᣬջա
֣ڵĻɲ
뵽ҪҳǸˣǲǰ¶л󣬻λ˵ϼ仰˵ܴӴ˴ߣһӳǧҲҪ˵ֻӳһʱˡ
ԣȺ鼤ߣ˷׷׾ٱۺӦһʱ㳡֮ϣȺӿ͵˳ӿǰȥһһ顣
һˣҵˡ
Զƶˣˣû뵽һĻ
һۣȴûп˵ȻĬǵľٶ
˸˷ܣɶɸǼһȴøӼˣ޲ھͰƵȫҪҳǸλ֮ˣƶλʹ֮ǰʾ͡


834 ͨ£
ģƺλãһŵģǱˣǸûõ
ո֮⣬վȺ֮
Ͼǰ˳̫ˣûվҲԸĴͱ۶ۡ
ԣҲûпǰ˴ӵǰĵģƺˣһֺֻ󣬻ˣȻҲûп
ûãžٴο
һӴ߳սλÿճһˡ
ݵλʱ䱦ȻܵȴŶӡ
ֻ㳡֮ϣڣӣнǧˣһһţֻµһҲȲ
ⴳǸƾ£ƾɵ£ҲϵӵһּһƣǰֻǳʱҲƾɲܴ
Ҳûж룬ֱһӰԽڶڵӣӣֱ֮Уһ
Ϊٶ̫죬ߵˣȻģ
ͬΪͣҲֻһͨλ֮٣ûϵԼģĺͻƺλӵλãȻҲʲôθС
ؾ֪ҲΪ⣬ȴǻһ֡
ԣ֮кȫѹֱӳǰһݣ˲䡰ৡһƣϤĳʱٴγ֡
һСռУܻɵģʰ˽״Ρ
ǰһһֻྦ׻֣һҪսޣҽ׶໢һֻ
ɱʱޣһʱ
ɱ໢ȻԽһ㡣
ŲڣŰɱ˳໢Ҫ˵ˡ
һʱȫҪ
ৣ
ֻһ֣ƶ䣬ǿֱ˺໢һѾڵڶ㡣
ǵ㣬㣬ڰ˲㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㣬ڶʮ㣡
ÿһ㣬סһϢʱ䡣
ƾڵʵʮ֮£ϡʮ֮ϣҲ̫Ѷȣǵʮһٲϣ΢ЩӶѡ
ЩƵǣֱ򵽵ʮ㣬˫ƼɿտҲһƷƬûпҪ˵ҪǰƷطƬˡ
תһ룬ҲȻ
һʮ㣬ΪΣκƬ䡣
ʮʮ㣬ÿʮ㣬Ҳٷ֮һļʣһƬ
ʣʲôҲʮ顣
ֱʮ֮󣬵ʲŻҲֻʮ֮һǷʮʣƽʮһʮʮ壬ʮˣʮŵȣҲǲƷƬġ
ȻŲߣʻԽԽߣʮ֮ÿʮ֮һļʣʮ֮ÿͱصһ飬Ȼͬ
ԣҲû̫ʧһϳ塣
ƾڵʵѨ۷壬սһЩ߽װ벽ǿߣʵԸһЩͨڵĵطȻûκѶȡ
һ·Ϸʮ㣬ڻżһ֣Ҳһн֣ӵһʮ㣬һӣҴ󲿷ʱ䣬ڵȴع޸֡
ԣٶȣȻЩš
翴һ׹⣬ֱ߰ٶȣ·ɻһ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ㡭
ڱ˿ޱȵعޣڴ£ȻֲϢܿ죬ֻƬ̹׹⣬Ȼͱƽ˰ʮ㣬󲿷󶥷Ӷսļڡ
˻
һĻ˲˻һͷҪҧˡ
ǵȻ֪еѶȣҲ֪˵زʲôǻǲԸš
Ϊģƺ£Χ㳡ˣܽ
һ۾񣬹עҵʯʾֲ仯²ʲôʱǰΧʣȻע
ͿһĻ
˾۾ԲˣԼ۾
Ⱥ֮⣬һʼɫȽϵȻġǧģŮɢƺˣɫҲɱˣɫޱȡ
ǶԼʵΪ
ʵǵݵλͨƷѲȱιΪһ󱲽򼸿Ƭѡ
ֱӴطŴɣ¶ԷѾΪͬڵҲ⡣
д򵽵ƬǾͲڴˡ
ΪƬͿԽ׺ˣȻΥ档ȻƬȥȡҲ˭˶ԵģȻһҪ
Уʲô顣
ʹǵʵΪ߰ʮûʲô⣬ߣҲˣߵļޣҲܴﵽʮ㣬һҪһ
˵ͷʮǼޣѵʷǰģ򵽵һٲ㲻ɣ
Ǵʱ˿̣йͬʡ
شһ˿ɵ
ʵȴδ˵λӣպУʵǿ
֮ǰҲûʾرɵС
Ҫǣոǰһ·Ǵײ㿪ʼҲ˵ǶʱģպֻһˣƹǣǵӰ
Է˭Ϊʵ˳Ծ
Ĵڣ֮ΪʲôҲҪҪ˵ҲΪ󱲴Ƭǲôɡ
ǣ˼룬Ҳ벻𰸡
ʱϨ鷳˼ɵԭأֻΪ˼һ棬ͿԷǺηʥ
գܴʲôζѣ
УĵԼԼһ²⣬ʵֻ£ջҪһ¼
Դӡȥ֮Ѿжãû˴Ϲһٲˣ
գˣл
ˣĿԴȺڴ˵ȺʱҲˡ
ʵڿͻʮ󣬴˾ϨҶԷ鷳˼Ҫ˵Χʡʮ㣬˵Ķˣ亹û嶯
ʮ㣬Ҳ亹ɾ
ǵ׹ƽʮ㡭ֻһͷҿ񣬹ˣûʲôֲȱţ
ֻʣηͳݡ
Ŀһʱȫž
ڣһ·ʮ΢һ㡣
ΪǰޣѾٷһпˣ΢˵ӦԵʵ


835 һ
ڣʮ㡣
ֵİ˽Ϳռ֮Уų֮ͷϴֻĿʳʬ񣬺Ȼ֡
ʳʬ̽׳ޣ൱еѨǿߣһͷ֮࣬൱ڱѨΧѶȲڴ󲿷Ѩڡ
еԪޣ㼶ͬҪôӵƷףҪôӵ
Ʃ磬ԭһ֮Уǰģһͷҽ׶ޣྦҲ൱ڵ
ڶ㣬ͽΪ˻ҽ׼ޣ൱е۷塣
㣬Ϊ׼ƽף൱ڰ벽Ԫ
Ĳ㣬ΪĻƽ׳ޣ൱ڻԪڡ
㣬㣬߲㣬˲㣬һֱʮ㣬һ·ϵӣƽһƷƷƷƷֱƷε
Уһ㣬ʮԪޣ൱еĻԪǿߡ
еԪޣ˵ʮһ֮ȴһ䣬ӵĲƷף
ʮһΪһֻҽ׶ޣʮΪֻʮΪֻʮŲ㣬ʮֻҽ׼ޡ
˶ʮ㣬Ϊ֮һ䡣
عΪƽƷޣǮ»Ϊһֻ൱еĻԪǿߡ
ʮһ㣬ʮһֻҽ׼ޡ
ʮ㣬ƽװƷޡ
ʮ㣬ƽ׾Ʒޡ
ʮ㣬׼̽ޡ
ʮ㣬̽׳ޡ
ʮ㣬̽ޡ
ʮһ㣬ͷ̽׳ޡʮ㣬ͷ̽׳ޡʮ㣬ͷ̽׳ޡʮŲ㣬ʮͷ̽׳ޡ
ʮ㣬̽׺ޣʮһ㣬ͷ̽ޡʮŲ㣬ʮͷ̽ޡ
ơ
Եʮ㣬Եľͷʳʬ
ǵ͵ߣͷʳʬ񣬿ܾͻæңɾˡ
ϧǣƫƫϲȺս
źУǻǼΪóȺսĶźںͼžӵƷ彣оʮںϳɵµʽ޴
ĻóȺټٶȣиֲĶַ϶С
ԣԾ磬ȫѹĶ֣Ȼٶ࣬ҲֻǶһֽš
ȻƬ̹򣬵âһƬٿ֮䣬ͷ̽׳ڵԪޣʳʬ񣬱ȫһȻ֮ϳһѺۡ
գͬʱһ͡촫ͷʳʬͬһʱɢΪԪܵԪռС
һʮ߲㣡
̹֣ǰģǰֻͷľ綾Ԫ䣬ͬ̽׳ھ硣
עǵĲҡ
Ӱ˸ܿо綾ԪΧâɫ⣬ͬǺ֮Ǽͷ綾ԪͻΪ̹ɢ
ڵʮ˲㣡
󣬾ǵʮŲ㣬ڰʮ㣡
ڰʮ㣬һͷ˸Żͭâнʨﵽ̽׺ڣҲ൱еѨǿߡ
ͷнʨǹ룬ȭˣķһ
ϾΪ߳нʨ٣Ҹֶֹβ֮ǻۣһͷܱȡ
գڵʮϣһб֮䶳סȭ·ΪһȭͬʱͷнʨҸ¡
ȭӣֱ͸ڸٷǳƤ
һйȻЧͷнʨ˹ҡͷ˦
ֻǹʼʩգĴ֮ϣһʮȭػͬһ͸սɢΪһŽʧ
΢ǣǰʮŲ㣬˵Ϻã߰ʮ㣬ȻֻöƷƬҶҪġ
һΣͷнʨʧԭءһһ죬һöɫƬ
һȻԼҪġƬ
ϣ¶һ˿ϲɫ
⡰Ƭǻòף˰ʮ㣬Ÿһöһ
أãʹȫͨҲһöҲʮ顣
ջжȻǰöƬûʲôãȥ͸ˣҲһ
ҪǣҪƬƾһˣȻѡ
ÿ첻֪սôڵӣһ˴ʮ㣬Ȼûĸߣܲס˼ҴĴࡣ
ִ󣬴Ĵֶ࣬۵ʱ䳤Ļܶϣ϶ҲһƬƬ
ֻƬܶ˲֪ʲôãҲԸѧһֱòȥҲû򣬾ϡ
ԸôҪİƷƬȥǶһƬ˲յ١
һʲôƬҪҪǣҪһһġţֻҪöƬ
öͬģǰöƬܹҲֻöƬһöĲȻеԶ
ԣҲֻٽ´ˡ
ҵǣͨزߣְƷƬĸԽԽߵġ
Ȼ
Ҳ֪ǲǷ̩Ϊǰ̫Ժá
ʮ󣬵ƷƬʴԣһһϴȥڰʮ㣬ھʮ㣬ָһöƷƬ
ȻƬҲʤޡ
ȥһֵһġ
ԣܵ϶СڣڽСʱļս֮ڴ˾ʮŲ㣬һٲĹؿֻһ
ھʮŲعޣȻʮͷ̽׺ޣ
ÿһͷ൱еѨǿߡ
ʮͷһΧһˣѨ۷壬Ҳɸеһ˿Ҳ֮ǰ⡣


836 
ͣ
һ̣أӰ˲ʩչޣλһƵ̣ʮͷвߡ
ʮͷǿһЩΧ˻֮ѰޱȴӲûƬ½ǡ
漴гһСɵɫ𽣡
һעǱϽС֮С
˲䡣
͡
ϽС֮ϣâţ
漴ٵХ·һ潣˲佫һͷУ滹Ա⼸ͷ
һ˲䣬ֲһĻˡ
ͷѴﵽ̽׺ڵǷ磬Ҳһ֡
𽣵ǿ£ȴһ˲䱻ޣһ𽣴˷ȫ룬󶴳ͷûзһͻΪһŽ⣬ʧ
Ա⼸ͷ΢ýһЩģҲɷ׷ˣԪޣж಻ޡ
ͼˡ
𽣵
Ȼ֪ö𽣵ǿϾһʵսʹõ
߶һɵӳе޾ľϲ
һһͷ̽׺ڵͱޣ߼ͷˣԪģٶȴ
漴˼ɣռҲ±˷֡
ǣ۾һתٴμӴ˼ֵע룬֮ϣĹעǴʢ漴Խܼ꣬һ˲˽Ϳռ䡣
̶ƬʱһѾʧڵھʮŲĿռ䣬ڵһٲ㡣
һƬʵⶸȻ֣漴ʹâм䣬һֻȻȻ֣ͷһֻǣʹâǴɢ
ʻɫ׳˶ţһ֪ΪˣҪԶղнʨ
ͷޣȻһͷ亱ǿĻϬʥϬ
׼ڼޣ൱еİ벽磬ҾǼ򵥵İ벽
һ̣ǶԼ൱ŵҲɫ΢Դаַɡ
һٲˣ治֪һ㣬ҪڼԪޣʱָѹ
ò׵һξյֻô룬ζܷ
ο벽ֲûսʤ
ʯɱͷʹֻǿܣҲþͱʥϬ϶١
ȴҲǵˡ

⡣
ֻǹȥԼʱһȺսˣѾһϲͣĿ͵Ǹͣڵһٲ֮ϵİ׵㡣
һٲ㣡
źҲҶԷ鷳뷨ֻʣԵ𺶡
ʱУ½˳ȴҲһ˽ȥҲһ뿪
˶㳡֮ϣиˣϢ˷ֻΪĿ⴫ԵһĻ
ڵλʦ֣ȻʵԭΪܴ򵽰ʮ㣬㲻û뵽Ȼһ·裬ûͣãһ·˵һٲ㣡
ǰǰһٲ㣬ǿһͷ׼ڼޣУܴ򵽵һٲģûмˡһλʦ֣ѵֻһλһ𣿡
˳Ĭ˵
ڲ²˵ݣЩд𰸣ֻǲ֤ʵ
ΪһУڸûǿߣղ˶ûпҲһλڳϣһʱ𣬲˽𺳵һĻ
˵硣ȴû˻˵ʵʱĹȥҲӲ²˵ݣ˲²ܴܲһٲ㡣
Ͼ򵽵һٲ㣬ʹһٲ㣬ͬĸ
һֻ˵ԷŰ벽֮޵еʵһȴǷ֮޵еʵˡ
ߣȻֻ֮ȴ֮вУ಻Զѡ
һСˣȴ֮˴ͨһٲԥģֻͨصʱ䣬Լܴ򵽵Ĳ
˶һ˲׳٣һһһһ壬ǲ漴ֱЦ
գҲɵñֻͣܰĿٴλϣȴ˵ĽĬĬؼʱ䡣
һӺ
ӡ
Ȼ۾һ漴Ȼ̣һٲ㣬ͨˣ
λʦ֣Ѿϵһһˣ

ȫĬ
Ȼܻͨһٲ㣬û뵽ȻֻӲͳɹͨأʵڴԤϣҲ˵֪
Ҳλʦֽջܴһ漣ͨһ˹أҲ˵һ
ųųص
֮ǰ϶ûš
һ̣ǰδУŵٶѸͨصһٲ㣬ȴɳĬҲֵܷĿܡ
ʹܣЩ΢ţȴȷֿܡ
֮ǰ˸ܳĽ
Ⱥ֮ǰģƺˣǰ׹ƵһٲĹؿڵһٲʱҲɶȻһվֱΡ
漴һۣУΡ
һ˿𺳡
ڼƾԼʵȫԸҲл򵽵һٲ㣬Ҫͨأȴûô򵥣ôٶȡ
ˣȴֻӲ
һ̣ʣʾԷԶʤ˵ʵˣһᣬ̶ָеĬȻ
ǰˣ֮֮ӣף֮µĵģˣڣѾλ󱲣ǡ
ͣԭĽӡϣ㲻ǰҲһգǻᱻԽ˦ԽԶԶ׿Ӱ˰ɡ
һۣ渴ӣ˼ԣգȻûԭصȴȥֱӼ粢磬뿪ˡ
Ѿµп֮˭ʵ粻ƫƫ⼸쵽뵽һոջڣõȴод𰸡
ȻڽԽǣе꣬ǣҲԲ֮ˡ
ĳ֣ǵġ
һȥѾͬʱʱڱչأ벽֮ˡ
еȻ֪ĳ֣ıһЩӵľ
˿̣Ѿڵһ֮УԵģȻͷ̽۷ޡ
ڻ롣


837 
ڻ룬һ룬綾ٶȼޣֻһͷҲʮѲ
Ҫ˵ͷΧһͷסȥ·ʹʱٶȣȻҲɸеһ˿
⣬޷ֹʤ֮ġ
ȴƷѥѾȻ漴ٶȴһγͷڻ룬ôΧ޷Ӱ
ǣˡ
ȻڻķҲǿƾҲ׻ǣڵס콣Ĳ䡣
ڣʮ֮ϼӴע£𽣵Ľһμǧ֮ࡣ
ǧͬʱһͷ룬ϵķĥս
һͷڻ뻯Ϊڹʧ漴ǵڶͷͷͷ
ֻҪһͷˣͼˣȻķһ˵һĲ㡣
ĵҲһ˲СģʹƷѨĲϲ䣬Ȼʧ˽ӽ֮ࡣ
ɸ̾Ȼһٲ֮ûô״򴩵ġ
ԼƷѨٵľЩƷƷѨĴڣʹʵ㹻һ·ҲҪأ
һĲ㣬ͷ̽۷ޣÿһͷΪóþ
һͷ޵綼Ķ׵߸һţһȣҪ˵ͷһ֡
ֻϧģеԪɣûʲôֵΣգȴҲá
ϧǣ
˵µģʲô͵ޣʣþ޾СΪԼþ
ԣƻͫܿҵͷ漴һһնɱ
ǿþһƣǱʵηױսʤ
ͷ֮þȻƣ˳뵽һ㡣
һأعΪͷ̽۷ޣպߡ
պһʮֿµĶֻҪ֮أԲݲ̡
ֻҪһ³Ķ˲ܽһͷˮţպߣߡ
ϧеԪպߣ綾ԣȻɿ£ȴǲսʤ
ٶȻǿ磬Ȼ߶˸ѥȫӰٶȲܵó
ֻҪҵᣬɱҲѡ
ΣǸԷָȻˮиƣ㻨Сʱ֮󣬲˳ͷպһһɱ˳һ㡣
ţǵһ߲㡣
ڣʱ֮ɹɱһ߲еİͷ̽۷ޣһΣȻһ㣬һ˲㡣
ɫâŹâʧǣȻûԼǰĿռУκع޵Ӱ
⣿
Ҳɲˣй졣
ѵһ˲㣬ֻһտǣǹ
ʵ򵽵һ߹أһ˹ؾԶͨ
ֻȴ˴⣬֪˵ؾô򵥡
һ˼򵥣Ҳֵֻ򵽵һ߲ˡ
˵ʱףû۷֮ʱûڽɷսҲϾһͨѨֿɱȡ
ڵһ˲߱飬ͱһ˲㣬񲻵Σա
ңԹžдԣһ˲㣬ڵģһͷޣҲ൱еķǿߡ
ȻֻԪޣʵ࣬ҲޣԶЩ̽۷壬߰׵޿ɱȡ
Ȼ
״̬ߵޣɢһ˲ռУʱеһ˿΢΢쳣
ܵĿռ䣬ƺ΢΢ζкϢ
Ȼеһµļ£Լ
⻹һζ޼ڣһ󷽣ȻҲһ棬ǲŲƷתƵ˰ڷµĽ֮УղŽɱ
˵ʼգˣֶûжһ¡
ҪǣʱֹһˣɢĿƣҲһɢˡ
һ˶ԶƣһԣʱǱű֮ģͽȻͬˡ
һΣҲ׼ȻҲʲôº˵˼
˫ָ˫Ŀ֮ǰƽƽһĨʱһĨ̹֣ǰĿռ䣬ԭʱȻͬˡ
һȻ˲ͬ
ܵĿռ䣬ɫУһεĴԼ£
ģһֻɫ͸ľ޴֩룬֣ɲԼħͫʶ֮ܣķֲˡ
ڣ֩ӵл֮ܣܼ
һ֯ɹסӵͨ쳹֮ܣҲֻгޡ
һ̣ҲɺȻľ
û뵽УһصعޣȻһͷ֩
ѹܴһ˲ģôϡ١
ʵΪ֩Ĵ˵󣬾޵磬֮أǾԵĽɴڡ
ӵеĻ֮ܣͲݿռ֯ƿֲ
һ㷨ڣһʱ죬ֻ¶пޡ
˵һͷɲޣҲǵһΣܵޱȾ޴Σա
֪ⲻһͷԪûɵޣʵϣͲھ⡣
ӶѨʵ棿
ڣҲûһֻᡣ
ǣʱҲһλͨѨ۷ǿߣʵ߽װ벽
ֶȫδûвװ벽淨ս
ͷ֩ˣӵп֮ܣһսһġ
ԣͷ֩ĴںҲԥĳŲһܹɱ
ΣȴĵƵ֯ȱڴΧʱ䣬ôһ˲
һ˲ǸıʤĹؽ


838 ģ
ʱһһֹȥ
ʱ˿̣ϵģǱƴĺ
֩Ҫʱ֯ԲʳʱԽã֯ԽԽܼԽõ޷Ӷݣֻе
ȻȻҲ־͸
ȣҪԼ״ָ̬۷УãҲҪֵս״̬
Ϊôʱսǰ漸ʮ㼸Ѵ֮˺һЩͼޣֻĶʮ㣬Ԫ
ʹƷѨĲٶȣҲԶԶ޷ظ
Ҫͷ༶һսȫʢ״̬Ķ֣
ԣ֩֯ʱ䣬֣ӴϾƿС
ƿУװĲǱݳɵˮ
ƽʱûᣬҲöãʱ˿̣Ϊȫʢ״̬ͷڣҲǲϧˡ
ˮڣڵĵʱۿɼٶȻָţһɣɣɡ
ֻǶ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬֮ǰսɵƣ۾ѾʧһգĵĵҲȫָ
ʱ˿̣ڣĻа֮ǰսƣ̬
ˮЧˡ
ݳɵˮʹýطɵ״̬һƣ֢֮Ȼڻ¡ʱã鰵Ͷѡ
ֵ˹ؽʱ̣ǰһȴҲ˲ˡ
ܳһʱ䣬׼а
Ϊȡһ֮ͻƵнװ벽Ȼ޷̷컯ҩЧӵ״̬ʹͻƷʴ
컯ƲףĲϸǿ˵ѰҲûʱȥģΪ£ǿз
̫˷ˡ
ԣȻˣȻ԰ΪҪڡ
ڣʱڣȻʲôֲսҲûҪõˮĵط
ˣŲġ
ƿˮµʱ䣬֣ȻԴԴϵкοϧ
״̬Ļ£ֲ֮ǡ
Ѩ磬һͷ༶սֻɲ˭еģʮѵá
Ҹڴ˾磬ǰᷨǿṩͻƷƿľĵãȻԸ
̷ˮ״ָ̬ܲһ̣˾ӡǺйȫ߶۷塣
ڵһչ¶ǰֲˮɫϢʼ֣һȦһȦͬк𺳡
ɱ
ڣ֩֯ɵһ˲Ҳиһ˲ȺȻ˹˷
͡
˫ʮָãɣһָ缲ƿգ׷׳ǵ֩ȥ
֩¶м֮ɫֻһһСɫʱָ֣Ȼſһ̣ȻʧӰ٣ֱ˸С
֩ϣûκ״
״ɵһ
ָָ˵Զ̹Уǿļ֮һԴйŴõȻֻСɾ磬ҲѰɱȡ
̺һ֡֮ܣǿƥȻʱ˿̣ٷеָȻֱӱԷУȴȫ쳣
ޣȻǱѰʹֻķޣҲԶѰѨӿɱȡ
ңһͣȻҲ֣ۼ֩¶ɫȴֲɶȻһЦ
Ϊָ֩УҪĵָܵ
ĵָĽ״һţǹ֩Ȼǹ֩еĴڵ㡣
ͣ
ֲ˺쳣ԶѰƣָԷƣԣҲ˵ר˷ʵҲԿһַ
һȫ֮֩ûзʱĴڵ㣬ͬʱƣһʹӼ͵Χ
һУ֩õɱУʱ⡣
֩Ӧʱִŭ֩͵ϣȻ¶˼ΪԻı顣
һһ͸ȻһһֵγͺͱƽޱȵˮϣȻֳһ
㳡ǼΪֲģϧԭεγҲ鿴ѡ
ڴʱвɺȻһΪ֩еĺ⡣
еĺ۳ɹȻһ䣬˲䣬͸е˿ɲɱ⣬е֪һ£Լ㣬Ǳɡ
ǣҲ룬˫㣬ѥ֮漴ಡһƽƽƿȥһ˲䣬ѹ֮£Ȼ˲һٶȡ
֩ĵڶι
ǣֻܲѹեԼļٶȣ·׹˽ͿռвƣܿЩ⣬ʱˣܼܲļҪᵽɤۡ
м֮գڶܹˣϵܣĵģҲǾҵġ
˵̤·񣬼ûһ̣ͷŵ
ǾҵģǣŲƣȴ֣֩еĺ⣬ҲԽԽԽԽϡ衣
вһϲֽ֪ɰĹ֩϶Ҳֲ˶ãĸŨˡ
ȻǾ޴ģֺ֩ĵģƺȴܣǾܡ
ǣžܵļģĹԽԽԽԽɫĹҲԽԽ󶼵ޣվʧ١
һɢͣסΣ紭Ϣȴһʱ䣬ͷ̶֩ͣƬ̼䣬ȻСʮ֮һ
ɴϲ֪ԷĵĸΪֲһϿϣ
ǣϷˮģ֩ĸֹǹצȫ
ֱ֩һ̶ȣȻһվסˡ
漴ЦһУٴγǱ𽣡
֮ǰãΪ˱ͷ֩вУڣȴǸýⳡսʱˡ
ӿһޱطϴ̼ʹ侫Խ׳֮ϡ
ûһʱ̣ϵϹҫۣͷ·ȼһգǴĿϹ⣬Խ˶Է֩ѹ
֩Ҳ֪ãʱһٶȶݻС
Ȼڴʱò׵ȵһᣬ룿
֮ʣĵһȫע֮ϣ漴Ծ⽫߷
¡
ͬձը֮ϷֲĲ漴ǧɫɶ飬Žɿؽͷ֩С
Ҫǣ˿Щɫǿ󣬶ÿһһ⡣
Ǳȳˣ˿ҲǺޱʹһɱУЧҲġ
𽣼Ӿϣǧɫϵش̻֮֩ϣͬһĵ𻨡
֩ǿһϼ׼ʯѰѻƣڲϹ֮£಻
ҪǣΪϵĴΧնһҲû취ӳ֮ܣעڡ
ʱֹȥһϣɫģһȣֻڣʶڣǿտҲǰδе
һ£㵱ȴסˣ̧ͷǰս⸲ǵһС
һ̣ʱɾ¶һ˿ϲɫƣʱҲѹֲס糱ˮһӿͨһҲֲסһƨڵء
Ȼѣǣȴûаְû֮ɫϲ⡣
Ϊԭأͷ֩ѾʧֳһöɫƣƲһָС硣Уȴ˸Ϲ⣬ƺǷ


839 壩
֩󣬵ĲǰƷƬȻһöƣЩˡ
˭ҲףһöƷƬżֵΣһöٴǡ
öɫƣȴ˭лġ
أĸһۿ֪
ϢƬ֮󣬴ϢȣǰʰȡöɫƣŵУϸһ
öƣʵɫŹϻƣȴһҡ֡
ǶһƣǸ߽׶һƣ
һ̣Ҳɴϲ
ΪȻټȴ
һƣõһƷ͹ѫֵҹһֻؼѫߣлõʹһö
ɫǸ߽׶һƣһöƣԶһڵκһţƷϽףףǰƷĵƷŲо
˵ֻҪеĶܶһ
Ƶķʮϡ٣һֻһЩϣشѫ֮󣬲ŵõʹ͵ģԼãˣҲһΡ
ǣӽԼõƣǧѵġ
Ϊƣһĸȼ͵ĻҼм̼߽׵ϼиߵĺ켶
ҼñȽСֻܶһƷµš
ƺٳ֣Ҳû⣬ΪƷµţʵֻҪ󱲵ƾԼʵõ
һǰƷţ̼ƾͿԶһֵԸߣԲϼ
ϼһȻżǻᷢȥһöϾÿһʱ䣬мλ϶һЩ󹦣õʹҲ֡
ĺ켶һǾ͸ټˣһ궼δػᷢȥһΡ
ΪִƣֹԶһڵκţҪˮ³һۣҲᱻ
Ҳ˵켶һƣܶһڵţܶһڹǰеκһأ֮
ֻ˵˵֪ӵе˶ûС
ҲͰŵһ֣ÿγ֣µĹͣԣҲǾ춯صġ
켶һ룬û뵽ͨһ㣬ĲѰƷƬֱӸһöɫһơ
дƣҪʲôֱȥһһšǡ
˵ҪһЩţҲѡ
ⷴʡٵˡ
ԭ㣬ȴչʮöƣȥұ˶һһЩƬƬһһڣȻô
һҲȻ
ܴͨһ˲ģ޼
һ˲عޣһͷڣһ߲㣬ǿ˲֪١
ͨһؿľȻһöƷƬһöƷƬǲأ
ԺȻǶʵͨȫؿĽ
κˣֻҪ£õһöɫһƣɡ
ԣȻ֪ԼľٶҪ𺳺ܴһȺˣ䶯ȺʱҲںôˡ
ͨջһöϼһƣԸѾ㣬ҲͲҪټˡ
ԣ˰˽ͿռĴͻأһֱӴʧٴγֵʱ򣬺ȻѾһڴˡ
ţ˳ȥ

ȥʱӰֱԽˣֱӴ룬û˿ģ
ʹһЩϣǲɵ÷׷׷̶֮һĽ𺳵
˵鷳ȺԶֿһ·ȥ
ûκ˸赲뿪ĵ·ϣĿУһʼЩ죬ͷһĸ漴˹һЦ
Ҳûκεѹĸо
Ⱥ߹һ˫˫ȣ𺳣ĽĿ⣬ȴƽһ˿
ǰǰĳ棬϶еƮƮȻе⣬㡣
ڵʶ˸ߵľ磬˸ĳ棬ǧ˵עĿУʲô
˵ϲŭ֣޹أǽҲԲ˱˵ֱ飬˵ֱ飬Ҳı䲻ʲô
ǰǺˣԼһ֮䡣
עֻԼѡõһ
ڼ߳ȺһɲȻһȻһʮöɫİƷƬ׷׷ɳȺϿɢȥ
漴ȻЦһȻ١
һΣȻѾԭʧ
ڶڵӣȴɷ׷׳Ծ漴ϲӳʮöƷƬ
ȻϵóǺû뵽ƽʱѵһǶԣİƷƬӳɼ
ʵǲ֪Ŀ꣬Ϊ˵õȫ
ûеõϼһ֮ǰȻܽԼ͸մ򵽵аƷƬȫӳȥҪ˽õʣµƬء
ڣȻѾ˶һʮöƬһжһʲôã
˵УһĲֵ
˵ЩƬԴڵӶԣҲǣһöǧһŹ׵㡣
ǵ㹱׵㣬ھսԶϰɹǰֵɹķ֮һļʮ׵㣬ʵҲʲôˡ
ҷḻҲҪǵ㹱׵ȥһʲôƷҲһʲôƷ
ԣʡ鷳֮ãɴȫɢ˳ȥҲԵɡ
֮뿪㳡֮һ·УƬ֮Ѿ
ظ𾴶пĿУֳϼһƣֻǶһһƫŵİƷšȻǺ⣬Ƭ̾ͱõ֡
õ֮Ҳûֱͣת뿪ص˻塣
ص֮չأԼʯ֮Уеţϸز


840 һº
ԼСʱ̧ͷüͷ
Ȼ֪Ȿſʮֲõ֣һͨȫƪ֮Ƿ֣ԼСŰƷš
ֹǲֱ̬ҪǳǮ
šһΪ߲㾳磬һ㣬ŵһͳơ
ڴ֮ǰгȻ㾳硣
Уͣߡ
ҪϵҪĴ嵤ҲͨĴ嵤Ҫ鼶ƷĴ嵤ܶԴٽŹЧá
⣬ֻһҪ
õĴ嵤ƷԽߣЧԽãѵʱԽ͡
鼶Ʒ嵤ҪƷʸߵȻáǣֻ鼶ƷĴ嵤Ѿ۸񲻷ƣֻһҲͰˣһڵҲõó
ҪڴķãڳϣֻҲЩԲġ
ңˣӦһһ鼶Ʒ嵤㣬Ҫһ㣬ҲҪϵʱ䡣
ڶ㣬ʱ䱶Ҫϡ
һꡣ
Ĳꡣ
ꡣ
ϡ
߲ѾʱɵģҪԵҪ߽׵ĵҩ
ƷףҲҪﵽ鼶ƷЧá
ȻǰϵķôҩѲԣ˵鼶ƷãƷֻҲȫܲ˿Чˡ
鼶ƷҩѾһڵӳܲĴڣ鼶ƷҪ˵
ƷĴ嵤һ۸Ӹ߲£˵һ꣬ϸ£Ҳ԰ѴİڵӣһЩڳϳƲ
Ҫӿٶȣʹø߼鼶Ʒ嵤¾ҲҪˡ
ϿһλаɽɽȫƸһԴԴϵĸǮʱڣΪǡ
Щģʱ䡣
ҪʮϣܰһŰƷ֮һδһɣŻʲôã
ʮ֮ԼֻѳΪˣǿȣѳԽһ幦
ʱʹӰ죬Ҳ΢΢ˣֵûôʱ;ȥ
ԣԼҪģǸʱ䡣
ܸɣԼӵиǿǣܸ죬ȶʹ÷ؾգԼڵһɵӶؽװ벽֮нװ벽
Ͼֻһʱ䣬һУŸϻأ㻨һ¡
ʱ䣬ѾԽԽˡ
ˣʮʱ䣬ǾԵȲģôֻУøƷ׵ĵҩǿжˡ
뵽ˣʹҷҲɸеһۡ
ңЩƸԼģҧһҧҲõó
ұǣҪͽȫ߾磬ܲЧϾֻҪиǾǿ
һǿٶȾͻӿ졣
ٶһ죬Ϊ̶ʱ䣬Ƕ׬ġ
ԣΪ̤нװ벽ȻҪϧۡһͻ֮׶εһССͶʲôһжܵõر
ԣûԥ漴ٴƹضȥǰŵ컻
ѯһ£Ϊ˴֮һĶһ컻ȻӦӦУԴ嵤ѰҩȻҲеġ
ңеģ㶼һЩ߶˻ɫ
Ȼ۸ҲҪ΢ȱ𴦹ôһ㡣
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ҲΪһԹ򵽴ĸƷ嵤Ҳ˲ôˣ컻Ȼѡ
ҩûʱȥңҲһЩ϶û컻棬Ҳߴ࣬װ˷ʱ䡣
ѯһ´嵤Ʒ֮ļ۸
鼶Ļ֡
鼶ƷĴ嵤ԱȽϱˣһöŹ׵㣬һƿʮһǧİŹ׵㡣
鵤Ʒֱ̫ͣӣֱҪƷ
鼶ƷĴ嵤۸ҪȴƷĹöˡ
鼶Ʒļ۸ǴƷ࣬һһƿǧٹ׵㣬ֻܼʮ졣
һÿһ㣬ʮһǧŹ׵㣬һ㣬ʮ죬ܹҪʮƿԼʮŹ׵㡣
⣬ֻͼġ
Ϊ鼶ƷĴ嵤ʮҲδ߾磬ʮ껨ٶŹ׵㣬޳һŰƷţȻȡ
ˣֱѯʸߵġ
鵤ִµҲҵֱӾͽƷƷļ۸
鼶Ʒ嵤һһǧŹ׵㣬ҪһҪʮŹ׵㡣
鼶Ʒ嵤һǧŹ׵㣬һҪһٰʮŹ׵㡣
ֵȼĴ嵤꣬Ϳɽ߾硣
ԴˣЩ㣬ѯִ£컻УиߵȼĴ嵤УȫҪˡ
жҪ١
ִ¿񣬶ʱˣôôöԷµĸо
Ʒ㣬ǲֻмƷ
˭Ʒ嵤Գ
Ʒ֮ϣǴδ˵ʹ˵
˴δ˵˵ۣ˵ֵȼĵҩǸܳ컻еġ
½Ҳҵ
ֻżһöһۣмС
Ʒ嵤컻һЩҲֻܹ࣬ƿ
⻹°˴󶥼֮һеĴ
ʹˣƿҩҲ쳣ʹżҲһ
û˵ҪƿȫҪӲġ
ҼƷƷļ۸񣬼ֱһһأ֮һ֣Ѿ˵һС
һƷ嵤ЧƷ嵤ʮֵҲֱӷʮŹ׵һ
ȫҪ
ҩִ£Իɵ񣬿
ȫҪˡ
ԣ۾һԥĳһǮ
ȻҲզڼƷ嵤İ󣬲ôҲǼˣ֪մϼƷֵģûб˵Ļ
ЩƷ鵤ʮһӽһҲûпܡ
⻹Ϊ嵤Ƚϴڣʿһ޵ԵͣҲ٣ۼӦߵԭ
Ȼ۸ߡ
ˣһƿƷ嵤Ҫ۾ʮŹ׵㣬ƿһܹŹ׵㡣
ʣΪƿҩܹµʱ䣬ͻ˰ĴۣҲûмԸɵİɣ
Ϊ˸Ͻȣѹʱ䣬ֱȫ¡
ң̫һЩºҩִ£ǰ½أΪչּƷ嵤
ԸǧŹ׵һҵһŹ׵Ķ
ʱҩִµʱˣԿһ۹⣬æͷһɺ¡
ԼʱȻɫãϾԸ۸񣬲Ȼ󵥣ֻ¾Ҫܵˡ
ֱƿҩͻص˻ԼʯУֱһſڣ̷µһö嵤ʼһ֮
ãеһԵҩڻĸ֮Ѹȫ
漴ܣĹ⣬ѪһڣܵصĽ֮вϵ
ǣȻ֮£ǿ
ԭҪ²ɵһ㣬ٶȣҲ죬첻ܴɡ
ǼƷ嵤ĲͬˣƷҪ£ƷһֱӵƷʮ࣬ųʵЧãǵĹЧǿõҩĺ֢ҲӦļࡣ
Ψһϧֵҩ컻Ҳֻƿºȫϣ֪ҩִ£Ϊռ١
ʵڲУҲֻܼһЩƷ鵤ˡ
ʱΪϽȣֱȫüƷ嵤ʳ
̷ҩתţɫΪǷɿ졣
ԭҪϵʱ䣬ܽɫȫգתϡ
ڵĽȣֻҪ£Խһɣٶȵֱһࡣ
һ˾ϲķ֣Ķǿˣÿ켸ǲ߲ݡ
ʱһһȥգѵһº


841 ˵Ľ
һµʱ䣬˵˵̡̲
ÿ춼ڽ˵һµʱ䣬㹻ܶ飻ǳ岻ǰ˵һµʱ䣬ֻǵָһ˲
Ȼԣһ£ȴǷ츲صı仯
һµʱ䣬򵽵ƿ鼶Ʒ嵤ƿ룻һµʱ䣬ƷطȻ˵Ĳ㣬ĵز
ʣƿĴ嵤꣬أܽ׵㡣
Ȼǰ֮˿죬ԭ
һȻΪһѨ۷ǿߣһƷţһԪĵӣţѶǽȻͬġ
ͺһѧ壬ҪȥƽһƪűģһѧӣȥƽһƪűģٶȻر
ڶҲΪ󷲹ǰھƿȽȽ״ͨ
ټһʼõģ鼶ƷֵȽ׵Ĵ嵤ҩЧ̫ǿ֮ʼʱûпҩԣҩЧܵõ̶ȵķӡ
ԣ˿ٵƽĲ㡣
󣬹ƾͻȽˡ
һ嵤̫࣬ҩԣڷõģ鼶Ʒ嵤Ժҵ߽׵Ĵ嵤ȻҩЧͻԽԽԽԽȻԽԽ
ҲΪһԽڣԽ
˵ǰлֻƾԼһǻ;ŬϽˡ
ˣȻܿˡ
һĲ㣬ԭҪʱ飬ѹ˶ʮ౶
һԭҪ£ֻ죬ڶҪֻ꣬죬ʮ죬Ĳ㣬Ҳʮʱѡ
鼶Ʒ嵤ЧȻҲԲһۡ
Ƚ鼶ƷĴ嵤˺ֹʮ౶٣ǰʮ౶ӽһٱۣȻҲ͵Ч
Ҳ˵ðʮ౶ļ۸ȡʮ౶Ч
ʱԽȱԣ⼸ʮĲۣҲֵˡ
ǲ֪ҩִµһٶ򶨽ҩִûиٵµĻԴ
Ȼһ£ƣֻƷ嵤ٶȻ½
ܹĺôȻԸصǰĹ٣ˣãбҪһҩִ²С
֪ǲϬǵȷǸպɡ
ţҪҪȥһ컻ѰҩִٴһߵʱҩִȴպõϰҪ
ԣҲ֪һµʱ䣬϶ΪԼҵµļƷ嵤ȻʱԼ
ˣԥʹѸϢǰԼ
Ƭ֮ҩִ¾һϲĸϵӴͳƿͬĵҩƵǰ΢ЦӣҲһ£ͣ㣬ӸңԼһЩŵĴУͳģǵ˲ˣ㣬ƿҪϸ͹ˡ
ãܺã
ԭеĵһɨգùǰƿҩϸ鿴
ſţҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ԭţԼֻһµĵҩˣû뵽ҩִ¹Ȼе㱾£ȻܴӸһЩңУԻƿ
ƿƷ嵤㹻ʹ£ԭƿ룬ĸڣΪҩˡ
ĸԺ취ȥԶһЩţԻġ
ִˡ
ȷÿһƿҩ޴ȷʵǼƷ嵤ҲûԥֱӶֳŵһǧŹ׵ļ۸ִ֧İٶʮŹ׵㡣
ԭµһ׵㶨𣬸պþٶʮ
һҷ񣬶̶һҵʱ䣬Ȼ֧˰˰ٶŹ׵㣬ӽǧ
ǧ򼶵ĸֻĵҩʹҲɸеһЩۡ
Ϊ˸ٵ߲㣬ҲܲôˣʹۣҧҧҲ֧ȥϻһлı顣
ûôŹ׵㣬Բһ֮ǰڣñǮġ
ұǮļֵﶼۣ֧ΪƵƷǮ֮õƿҩҩִ£Ҳϲεȥ
ҲӦûϲ
ԣƷ嵤ٰ󶼲ϧΪȱʱ䡣
ҩִ¶ԣȻֻ
һöƷ嵤컻ۼŹ׵һ
м䣬Ȼž޶ʵ۸಻򣬶򣬾
һ࣬ƿʮһٶǮҩִòΪеģֻܻһЩɣҲʮ
˽½ײͬ
˽½ףԼ飬ӣ౼æȥΪѰҩȻԼһˣ֧࣬һЩѰҵҩˡ
Ǹ۸Ҳܰ
һƿ󣬾ٶȥһЩ֧ٿԾ׬ٶ
ҩִȻһʲٷʣнһ£׬ȡһٶŹ׵ñ
ߺѯղգ
գȥԶĵطΪѰҸĵҩʱ䣬ܾͻһˡ
ϾôԶ·һʮַʱˣҪɢ˷Ѱңʱ
ҲӦĸ֮ڣʣµʮƿҩ֮ǰһѵһҩϣʹ˻زҲ˰Ӹ
ԥһ˲ǵ˵ͷӦ
ĸµͻ߲㣬ȻˣôϧȥչҩҲӦ֮顣
ȻҲ֪ҩִܴıȡȻΪģȱĲǽǮһ֮ڣʱ̡
ԣȻӦҩִ¡
ңǵܵҩԽԽأȻŻίҩִ£ȥУŻңѯûиƷ׵Ĵ嵤ۡ
Уܶټ۸Ҫ
Ʒ֮ϣǾֻдδ˵ʹ˵ˡ
ֵҩ۸ǰ޷񣬵ҲԱȼƷ嵤Ҫߵö࣬Ҫǣˣܼ۸ޣҪ
ҩִһȻϲ漴ֿ
ΪʹҲףֵȼĵҩɲǮչġ
еʱмУʹٸߵļ۸ûлҲû˿ˡ
Ҵδ˵鵤ʹ˵鵤ʹЩңţղһҲǵ֮֮ضġ
ֵȼĵҩһңŵĵ֮ڣ浽ΣĹͷһû˻
գҩִ£ҲƱֻŵΪ
ܣΪռһܣҲûκΰ취ֻԼƷ嵤Ϊ
ԴˣҲԤϣǿֻһᡣ
Ҳչδ˵鵤ĻʮâܻһϣͻƵ߲ƿʱ򣬿ܸҪֵȼĵҩһ䡣
ĲܣҲûа취ֻҩִ¶ྡˡ
֧ĶŻҩִȥٴαչأ̷һƷ嵤
ʱ⣬׾Թ϶תۼš
һºһ죬ʯУϣȻҫһҵ⣬þòɢ


842 ޵
ϲ¶һ˿Цݡ
۾һĵ¶ļͬʱëһţֽЩȫ֮С
漴¶Ƥ֮£ȻһĨ֮ɫ֡
һָָһн˵ƣһ׺۶¶
磬ָ׿ͨһעȴǷ絶һƷҪȴԼֺ
㣬еľ硣
µʱȥһƿƷ嵤ȫ̤꣬㾳磬ǣѪǣ޲ñԭǿˡ
ƺҲõһЩؿɵĵӦӣҲһ֮ϲ
ҪǣǵĲǿתɫٶԽԽ죬Ѿɫת߳ϣۿٹһ£Ϳȫתϡ
ʱ²ʱ̤װ벽֮Ǹ磬ҲûжԶˡ
֮ڣͻƳװ벽Ψһǣʣǵʱ䣬нװ벽ȴûôˡ
Ͼнװ벽װ벽ȣм仹ž޴Ĳġ
ͷȻֱɽǰ·ĿǰҪ񣬻Ƚ߲㣬Ȼɫȫת˵
ģºٿǡ
뵽ˣ漴ԥһԼǴɢվдһȭ
Ȼȭƽնս֮ʱȭ֮ʱżǻõ
һȭȻܸо
ȣԼȭٸˣȭˣأз׾Х֮ǿĲͬ
һɲͬڵԼ֮УߣƽʱоһͷͿܳΪĵݡ
ϲ֮࣬Ҳס
һУǰȽϿٵԭ򣬽һڣͽ׵㣬Щ췽̷ˣô׵顣
ȻϣٶȽϿ죬ںܴ󸶳¡
ڣԼƷ嵤ѾһĿҩԣңǱܼ߰˰ˣʣɣǱؽڱ߽䣬ѱġ
ңΪķ˼Ʒ嵤ҵ߽׵ĵҩάҩЧЧҲϼѡʹԺ֮·һ谭
˽ô־ս׼ûĸ£ͻƵ㡣
һ㣬߲㣬˵
ǲǴ⿿ܽ׵ģҪԵԣбڸǿ󣬸ĵҩ֧֡
⣬Ǽġ
ԣҲֻгģ
γأ죬ϢһգϾ֮һһۡһֱܿҶ϶ʵķɣҲǱҪġ
Ⱦ״ָ̬۷֮ټչأһͦһ߽ʣµɫ÷ؾȫת˵
һװ벽ֽһ
ֻһγأȴûԤϵһأ˼µϢܲ
޵磬ĪһַƮҡķΧС
մŻչص̶ʱ֮У޵֮У˼£ƺţġ
һոջɽ֮ʱ¥زصЩӡƿȫɣĪʧ
¥¥ŭ׷ɱϲ¡
¹ȥϢͺʯ󺣣ЩӡƿͻȻԶʧһ㡣
һ֮ǰŮˣ֪ΪΣȻо綾Σ
֮ʣɽһ꣬ʱڣڵӣҲ׳
£Ĳرصأ¥һգһӰ
ȵӷ֣Уȴǲرص֮е屦ʧΨ֮컯֮ʧ
ļ£ǰ֮ǰ칤ɽһ䣬һλ̫ϳϣżӣѳţʧ
Ȼλ̫ϳϣ֮ǰ칤ɽɽԳ֣ڹɽɱȴһҪ֮
ºǼҪ֮ϣλӣҲһλ֪١
һ£֮ǰȻҲйأɽУȻһҲ֪
Ǿǣ¥صЩӡƿʧ֮󵱳ڤԨȻһݷӡƿҲĪʧԣʧӰ١
ҲǷণĻ̻̣׷¡
ϧ¥һЩӡƿ޹ʧ٣޺ۼ£̵ȨԳ֣һྫҹ飬κν

̶̰ʱ֮ڣ´ס֮顱ʧ䡣
ٵаɽңһλ̫ϻλɽе׷ױɱʢһʱаɽΪ޵ĩ
¥ʣķӡƿʧԣжΣ컯֮ʧԼ칤ɽ֮ңҪ֮˴
һϵۻtҵľ֮ƺһߣڴš
޵磬ԭķʢƺһӵĩ
˴УΪֹֻһڣƫӱ߻ĵؽ磬ûгʲô쳣
ܾãⲻǱǰƽ
˭֪ڵţǲҲбʷڰֻһ
ҿ֮Ȼֲûбҿ֮ǰ˸оļ¡
ʣٿԿ϶һ㣬ǾǣӡħЩӡƿһȫʧˡ
Щƿ˴򿪣ħĲںϣʹûһԼҲħ
ܾã޵һ쳹صĴ䣬Խ֮ħϯ£һǾơ
ֻҪ޵֮У˭㲻Ʊرȥ
ԭûЩʱ䣬׼ȳΪ˵
ڿⳡħԼûҪңҪ١
Ҳһ֮ڣͻȫ汬ķ籩١
ʱֻѨ۷֮ԱⳡУԼ֮ˣ
ԣĿһʱȣԤɼڣֱӱΪա
֮󣬲ܾ״̬Σٴλصʯң˵εĳʱչء
һ߼̷Ʒ嵤һתؾʣɫȫתĳ
ʯ֮У֪¡
޵ηƮҡʼŴ£һģֻ;
ܿ죬ʮ󣬱ԤϵûҪһЩڽʣµɫȫתϣΪĵ
һ˹ڳ죬ž֮
ȻһͻƣﵽڶΣĶ۷壬Ҳһ֮ң
ͻƵڵʱأ׳װ벽֮ʱ
룬ʮѾֿɼƺڲԶ֮ˡ
һ죬ٴγأΪûֵתٶһģһɽǸС
ǰȻᣬֻѭ򽥽һһӡ
޵ڼܵȣҲûʱȡ
ţǲҪ취ȥһЩֵķʱȻһµĳ֣ļƻ


843 ʦ
Ȼ֮У󲿷ʱڱչ
ǣֻҪɻһһεȥʦӵĹ㺮鿴ʦ״̬ͬʱҲס˼ʰЦյİ취
ֻ಻Ч
һգ룬Ȼʣʦɿĺӣ˵֮ÿѩӣѩѩӣӳȤʮ׳ۣ
磬һһξȻعͷĿ۾ûУֻѩȴ֪ӣҲѩͬڡ
εõʦĻӦǴϲ
ԭֻ˳һᣬʦȤȻʦɽһˣ˼侰ɫ뷨
ҲĿʳ鸹ҲǾ£ʰء
ǣԼҪ
Ȱʦһɽ֮£˼ķ羰кӣһ˵˳ϵҩĮɳݣɳһļ紺⣬칤ɽĽƺµ쳪µľ֮һ
Ҳọ́أʱ׿ʣΪҪƭ㣬ǲЩ£
뷨ȻΪеĹնԭ֮Ե
ֻգõȻһ£ֺܿȥ
ȻȥɣҪúһ롣
˻ֻ֣ȥ
ʦһɫ֪ʦԼ˵ˡ
ֻҪӦôˮǧɽǧԼһ߹ǣһҪʰЦա
Ȼûϵصʯңչأһγʱȴ֪һ𾪵Ϣ
ʦãһŸȻԼһˣǰȻɽ֪ˡ
ʦǷţɴס
ͽ
ƪĸϤľ֣ǰ·Լʦд֮ʱģüʣһһ٣ԥȻӡ
֪ȰοΪʦǹʲͿ࣬ѾĻ貢ͬΣΪʦһ֡
Ȼ˼£ΪΪʦ˽£ǣ㣬ܵɵ֮¡ʣΪʦȥѰһʡ۴Ƿ񣬴Ϊɵأᶼٻطˡ
ͽǣ಻˸УգɽˮԶԵʱټ֮ڡ
һ£һ洫£ĸ󣬶ʢһʱȻ˥гɰܣ䣬Ҳòԭ򣬵㣬ʢΪʦ
ʱһʱδԵȻʦͽ벻ͽˣкκڣİӣ˻һԽ󣬽̳У֮ԸʦϲТ֮
һȥΪʦ飬ͽˡߵ伮䡷ѽ㣬պҪˣоҲΪʦҲһֱڰп㣬ԵʱԻټ
ףͽ˳ģճɵΪʦʹԶҲһֱף㵤ɣʦͽ֮飬¡
ã֡

ʦ
ûϵֻʦĽһȰο֮ȻʦԼɽȥѻ֮Լ
һ¿գǣңҲͷˡ
һȥܼܲãʳʲô
ҲԼҲ֪ʳĴʲôжˣʵĴʲô
ֻ׿һ䣬ֻΪһ䣬֤ʵһζѣİ
Ȼֺοࣿ
ȻݺݵԼһ͡
ΪͻȻ˵⣬ԭΪԼʦ֪֮ģòôǷϣĽȴҪġ
һ뵽󣬿ܴӴҲԼʦӰһ̣ȻкݺһʹͬһֻУľˣ¼ˡ

Ȼһŭеֽ顱һըΪмĴҷɣ衣
ʦҲһ˽ǲܵ޵ġ޵Ĵ࣬ħΪûһ֮ءһˣһŮӣĴߣ
ңһҵģһᣡ
һ̣ԼʦҲѰˣ½콾֮һףպõ˷šͨ塱
ԵĮֺܿڣǰ¶棬û߶ãô
ڵδػףö١
ֻЩֻ֪Լʦһˣֺܾûɽһˣڷ޵磬ºܲܲġ
һ̣ݺݷģΣ̤ǧɽˮұ½ÿһ䣬ҲҪʦһ
ʲôʲôǧ괫УЩθɣ
ֻҪҵʦ˵ʲôһ֮¾λøҲ
һҵ㡣
ԥһݣʲôûʰҲûʲôʰ˭ûдкֱҲ뿪һ̤˺ƺ޵֮С
֪ʦȥˣ֪ҵʦӰֻҪȴ̽պõϢͺˡ
ֻҪ֪պȥģԼʦпܣҲҵȥʱټʦӰ
һ·ѯʣҲһ·׷ѰԼʦȥϧãʦõϢ֮٣ֻһЩ׽Ӱ
¶ޣҹߣһ·Ѱȥ׽Ⱦ˪˫۱Уգֹȥһ¡


844 аħ
Ȼһ֮УҲվȲɽţԳʱչأһһ
ټϵڶֵɫȫϣҲ޷÷ؾתΪľһƺǰţ
ۼҪͻƳװ벽֪Ҫá
ʱ䣬Ѿȥ£һ֮ԼԽԽˡ
Ŀ꣬װ벽յ㣬㡭ΪǧɡŮҪǣһ֮ڣͻƵнװ벽ȥȡ
ʱ䣬չأǲġ
һɽ֮УʵֹʦǷգҲ뷨ҪѰһԵǷа취ʱ֮ͻнװ벽
ֻǣһ·Ӷϵշתұ飬ĹãȻ˵ѰʦӰһϢҲ
ͷ·ɽʹ丵뺣ʧҲҲˣϢ㡣
УҲֻһЩ׽ӰɵϢ׷ȥͷҪôһգҪôϢǼٵġ
ͷ㲽Խ
̶ʱ䣬һ˫㣬ȻСݶϣʦûҼȴ˼޵粻Ϣ
չصʱ䣬޵УмаħѸ
֮أԳơа̡ߣɱ˷ŻӲƱ޿ײ롣
ͷӡ˵һħΪи߽װ벽ľ磬һֱ伣֪٣֪ΪΣٶȳ
ҳ֮󣬻ʲôа̡ºǾۼһĸ֣Ҫʲôʹɱʮ֮ڣĪơ
̡а̡֮ûã֮أҲһ֯Ϊ൶šڵӾ㾫޵һڳѪΪɱ㡣
൶ˡһڻѪû˾ѪսߣȫʬһѪ⾡ȥֻһŲƤͷƤ顣
൶ˡ£ͯӣ겻ȴоΪšѪͯӡ֮أһǷণѪƯ֡
ȻⲻǸոտʼ
֮أСѪɽׯа𣬶֮أ֯ʥ١ȼǾޱͻȻһҹð
ϣ򣬽ʮ֮أһҹݣһԷٵͷš
Թ˲Ͼ˵˶ͷ˲ͷ
ټϰ˴󶥼УѷɽԪħȵħɮʥ۵ƵٴһսаɽʵԱпɣѡ
޵磬Ŀǰ˴֮
Ϊĵ̣а֣ĵأǷһƬ̡
Ȼ಻ʱƽѡ
ʳؾɣ̫á
ʥ꽥ϣ˽꣬Ŀǰãôϲٲ֮ʱʥϾٻ֮£ֻΪ֣ﻹ˵
ʳҲֻǿĽǣվ಻ʢǽֽһͱơ
֮ǰһŵϢأһ˾ͻȻһ֣Ĩɱ˸Сׯˣ»Ȼ
ʳŭɳפɱ˾פأ£Ϣ֮ŭ
Ȼı²أϢй˾λ֣ҹɱӪ֮Уʩ̣˳ɾʿŪƾ׸вɱ䴦һ
һҹӪʬҰѪɺӣ˺ŵġѪɫұ䡱
Ҽʿѣһ⣬ȫѡ
ϢʳʥŭоĿ޹⣬ټ֣ٴΧ££ˡָɱ
ɱУʥ˾ʮΪ񹲷ߣزݡ
ڳŵһ֣˾λаħֲʳ֮صа֮֯ˣõʥʴͼ׿⣬ͣ޲Ը
ϢȻ𶯣֪ΪΪ޵֣ɱ£˾ô󹦡
Ȼ˾ڵ£ɣͨΧˣûͻϮŪ˲أò˱ʮ֮⡣
Щĸ֣Ȼ֮ܣȴ̰ѫŽᣬһɥ
Щ֮ϵˣλΪҪõʥʲ⣬ʳߵСҼλÿųףнװ벽ս
ǽҲһ޽¡
һ˾ȻĿǰΪֹΡ
ʥʵĸɱһαһη񣬸µĸǰ̣ﲻȴ˴ͷ˻ɢͷȴ˿ʢ
ؽ䣬꽥ʢаħ
ʹ䣬һЩɽˣʳ˶ʢٴɽͷ
һ·Ҳɽ壬ڴͷʬ壬״ң޿״Ҳ˫Ŀࡣ


845 ټʤѩ
żЩɽˣҲȫնɱһ·Ҳնɱ˲Ϊҽ֮
֮վʱ
һˣҲܾݴ½ĽٷˣҲֻ˳նԼһˡ
ˣһ·Ҳնɱ˲ʮ·аˣһСƬش̫ƽ
֮Լİѡ
һգ˵ʥɽΧһǿİŮӳ֡
뵽ǿ󣬰¶֣пܾԼʦãֱʥɽȥ
ȻʦûѰɽٹĴׯʬأˮ࣬С
״пƸһΣһЩŮӣȫ㣬²壬Ǳ֮նɱ

һ˲䣬˫Ŀٺ̵ĸܵΡ
ǰᵹ齣ľĴٵطðŹỤ̃Щɽ궫ɱ˺ַŻջׯ
Ũ̵ĺۼȼãЩˣ뿪Զ
ͷŭԥβ׷ȥѰۼֱϳȺɽˣѶ˵
һΪйͷŭ𣬶ҲǴΪ񱨳ʹȺ󵨷˻޴޷ٺ˵뷨
ֻƬʱ֮˳źۼ׾Ѱɽ֮УһɽկկϿգƮһֻɫ죬棬һͷһ֪ɽѡ
ԥֱ۽
ȻĽӽ˫Ŀȴ¶һ˿죬ҲͣᣬֵףôкŨһѪζ
Īǣ
կϿƮĻɫ죬üУҲδ̫һ㣡
ƾѨ۷Ϊѷɫһ߽װ벽սȻܶһȺɽ˵еη壬Ըо쳣֮ҲǺԥֱһݣӰչûãͷ·һ̣Ʈɽկ֮ϡ
һϵɽկе쳣ĿĹˣȻ
һͷͷͷʬ壬ɵڵأķѣѪҺȾɽկѪȵģԸá
ǵȫһʺ˱
ɽկͷмʮɽڱȴͬһʱнȻűȥͷ­ȻǸ˵Ľټ죬ʵǿ
⣬һˣ
뿴˭֣֮пҲ޵֮ˡ
ˣ˺֮ģҲֱͣһɽկöȥ
һ·֮ϣȻѪҺʬأЩɽձȴȫ޷ӦǱһնɱڷ
ȻĽ
ʹҲܴЩ˵ϣʵ֮ƽ֮˸ύ֮ģһ·С
Ƭ֮͵һſϷŻͷĴ˫Ŀһɨȴɵ΢һü
Ҵ棬ǡǡ෴ȫ⣬һƤµӣɵڵأͷ­һԣ˫ĿԲǲʡ
ߣһֻƽ𱭣Ҳһ룬Ƶڵ֮ϣƺɢ˿˿㡣
ߣˣɵʮɽˣԱվǰģͬʱһ֮ˣȴʧѲ֪Ӱ
һ
һ̾Ϣֱǰ
֮УиոӶĲƱһأɢĴȾѪ
Щһ£޶Ϊ˲ϧկĲƱҲֻܵƾʰȡ
ϧλɱǵʹǿߣȴмһˣ࿴һۣȡֺ
Щư֮Ϊ޵綥ʿ֮һȻҲۣܿ΢΢һü֮󣬱Ҳ뿪
һ룬ûȥ׷֮ˣЩɽˣֻҪеֻ˭βܣܼȻãҲûʲô
ĿǰΪֹ񣬻ѰʦΪ
һԥֳ֮ʥɽУѰԼʦټ
һ·֮ϣּɱһյķѣȻֹһˣЩɽ˵Ϊеŭ֮ͬʿڽų֮١
һΣһɽկ֮УһнȴԾ΢΢û͸ɽƮϣһ˿ע֮Уά
ת漴ߵݡ
ɽҲΪߣףҲǶԼΪţһֱ࣬Ը顣
ȴû뵽˵ķȻƫһ磬ֻǽˣȻŰ
ɽתȴһı飬ϴУħħ
üֱӡžһһǶ⣬΢ѹ
漴Ŵе֪ߵĿȻһλһµӣƫƫаħһ㣬ȫӵеһƮʮԶ
ЩɽˣΪǿߣһ棬ֱӾͱɵˣȫǱ˷·²һ㣬һһػɱȫûа㷴֮
ΪԭӹһǵĴΪ൱ڻԪڵһλǿߣɽӥҲ˵һ֮УֱӾͽͷ­롣
ֶ֮ң֮ɲɼһߡ
ɽԼֶβпڣԡаħ֮
ȷ˵ʵ֮ǿֶ֮ңһ㲻ЩɽˣЩͨУȷ͡ħûʲô
£ˣʵǿý
һ˲ԺУһ˵ӰԻɣĪ
аɽһ˸ֶм־ô飬ôɣպҲʥɽˣ壬ǡɱԼ
ɽ˵ȴּΪơ
Ϊɽļؽۣ뵽һˣһ£ùݣýʵ޵һ֮УҲһĶڡ
䣬Щϵģ˵٣Ϥһˣȴֻһˡ
ˣ˳֮Ϊ콾ҹӣ츳Ҹպϲ£ýƽʱϰ߼Ϊơ
ֻһ콾û¸ɣĴɱһЩɽܣҲȫһ޵֮еĶָ顣
´ýΪԸ˶ˣû֤ݣȻҲΪôɣպ
ԣһƽɽ˳׻ɱû̫࣬Ҳûпȥ׷Ѱ˵ټ
ɰԼԭĴ㣬Ĵ׷ѰԼʦټܿĳկģʥɽɽ˵ĿУһаħ֣ԽԽ㡣
⡰аħȻָýˡ
վûѰʦ䣬ȴһ죬һɽկУĿλаħɱɽ˵һĻ
˵һ˲䣬Ͳһ㶣Ϊȫû뵽
аɽһ֮󣬳ܲԼħħ֮һϢɽ֪ٵĽ¼徳ʿޣ֮Уڶġʤѩ


846 
û뵽ȻҲڴ˴ĹλаħȻָľ
Ȼ֮ǰԤϣԾԭأһʱס
ʦûҵȴ⿴̽аһĻ
ʱһصĽʣֱƣôҲĨˣϲˡ
ΪʱʤѩɢһŨصϢţָоҲûԭ緢ĸо
ϸһ룬Ҳ׹
ȻʤѩûдǳĴлظ
ڵΣһԱȴȶƺԼĶϴģֻӽɱͽУѰһ˿İȣֻϴˢ¼ҵ
ǴɽկУʮͽǰ벽Ķ֣Ƭ̣ǰʤѩţ˸㽫зͽɨһա
սʣ׼תȥʱȴǲԽʤѩ
һʤѩƺû
ֱٺһŲһ漴ͣ½Ųعͷһɣ飬Դһ˿ȵվһϵ
㣿
ƬΣƺϳˣһԥ˹
ʱſ壬°ϲ磬ƺѾܾûˣɫݰܣҲܾûϴ
ϤϢϳ֮ǰ£½ŵĶ⽣ͣеĵڶ𣬽
ĬȻӣþ
ڣȻʤѩҲ֮Ҹ¼ҲԸλʤѩ۸ȴôҲ񲻵ȥģüͷʵ㡭ôģˣ
ŶǺǡ
ʤѩԵЦһ£ȴûʵã֮أһаħ֯ма̣׼ȥǵϳԭһˣܻǵΧȻ£ȴҲ鷳
˵ţĿ⵭Ȼֵܿģĳȥһ˼壬̾ļа̣Ϊ壬Ϊȶǧˮȡ
ţа̣
ԣüͷ΢塣
֣Ȼû˵ɽһδӱ˿֡
а̣Ƕ֮أΪǿа֯
ͷӣ߽װ벽磬ǰ˴ų֣ûǵĶ֣ѹܲһʱ
µĻʹɱʮҲ㲻Ǽ
ǻʹʹɺ磬ʹʮģһһĶ֣Ϊٴﵽװ벽ǼаУʵڼͷӵĶ
ɱʮȻѷˣҲѨڵѨڵս
ѹּа̺жϣֻҪ˴ûг֣Īƣͷչü졣
Ĵڣǰ˴ţҲҪͷ۵ĴڣʤѩȻ뵥ǹƥȥ̶ѨȻʵףǣ˭֪Էʲôıƣ˶ڣڵжԵĵϣʤѩʹʤֻҲǲʤ
ֻҲ룬Ȼͬˡ
ʤѩһˣսʤλ߽װ벽ļͷӣԸʲôʹɱʮҲѴ֮
֣³ӵзȥã⼫а̣ȻҲ⡣
ֵֻǣΪʤѩôЩаħ
ЩţʱҲܣһӣȴҪ⼫а̣ǶԼʵΪţЩаȴ޵ˡ

ԥ
ǲԸ³һΪǧıƽ
Уȴа̣ΪѰͻнװ벽ԼѰԼʦͨ塱á
·ϣ˳Ϊ֮νҪΪ˵ǰһˣȴ֪˻᲻պôԼʦĻ档
Ը⣿
ʤѩԥҲǿתͷȥ
㲻ԸĳҲһȥƽ˼ħɽ
䵭Щаħ֮ˣ˵ö֮ɱħұ˸֮£һҵĵӣҲ֪õΪ˲ϧ˶ԹۣҲο㻹Ǵӡ
ɱǧɽˣаħһˡ⼫а̣ܱʮ̫ƽžƾĳһˣҲӡ֮׼а̸Ϣɣ
ţ
ԣͷȻһת
Ȼ뵽ʤѩȻõֶӣպüȻѾ¶棬˵ͻ¼֮ϵʤѩΪ¼ҵǿӣ˵ͻᱻùע
ʤѩ˵֪õټ֪õټ˵ܷԼʦӰ
ʦҲ̽ѯõϢȥûãȻãʱҲʲôΣգϣԼҲϣ̽ϢһʩԮ֡
ҪǣĿǰҪѰʦҲĿģ֪һЩνϢҲ׽Ӱ档
ԣʤѩ˵ΪЧһ취
ңѰҽн׷֮·⿿ĴҲǰ첻ģʤѩһ·壬һΪ񣬶ϣӴԼʦϢҲԴӲϵսУѰԼĽ֮·
ңҪǣЩаħ̣϶Ѽ˴ĶԴսʤǣǣҲܵõһЩֵİ취ٶٴα
һпһʱ֮ڣ̤нװ벽֮
һ֮£Ϊβ
ˣһԥڻǵ˵ͷȥ
ţ
ֱתȥϣʤѩȴû뵽ͻȻת⡣
һȻҲվü򵥺ʹ죬ˣҲ¶һ˿ϲɫתһƽ֮٣
û׷ΪͻȻı⣬ֱӶЦٲͣͬʱһתΪ⣬Ŷ֮أаħ֯а̡ϳɽ۶ȥ


847 а
֮
½ݶϣش볤֮䣬һ޴ܵشɽˮܲ
˵أΪڤ󡱣Բǧ̡
ڤ룬ȴһ޷壬ֱ죬Ϊɽڵľɽ֮һ
ֻ֮ǰɽһаħ֮ͽռݣ֮ɽҲǸΪɽ
̾ɽǹа֮ǰոȴѸϯһأ˲ǵͳңţһ򾡡
ϣһʱণѹ£̱أʮСţС𣬻˼а̵ĸӹ
ˣڴŵľԮȻڷɽ궯ʱ֮ڣֻҪаֺ̲ǵ棬Ŀǰڹ֮С
Ϳ˶һصգڤΧɼа̵ǳȡ˰Ӷᣬһʱ˼¡
а̣ΪʵǿƣһʱԱҲţɱӣֱ޶
һ죬ȴˣӱֱӽڤķΧȻһۣ򸽽һ弫ɽλãȻֱڤ֮жȥ
һش⼫аݱη֮绢
ܲסʱˣһˣֳһ˿ϣͷһҲջʶأشǡ
ش֮˲侪ѣڲסҡͷȴǲҪȥΪɽסģһȺ˲¹ͷħͷ
ǣûӦλãֱӷȥֱڤ
һĻֱסҡͷ־£Լ˼ɽϢΪڣȴ޷ջء
գҲֻеľʵֱ̾ڵˣǲ֪ôҪһЩҪһɽˡ
ʱ䣬ֹʤѩˣҪɽȥаŶ
ЩɽˣһСֱɽ涼ûмţڤ·ʧ٣ֱˣһݣ˼ɽȴɽЩа̵ħ˵Ķ֣׷
ʹ·ˣһҲûмˡ
ҲҲϸʤѩϢԭ򣬿ϧվܲסǵֶΣֻһԻ¶ѹò¶ʵ顣
ԼҲ֣Ϊβ֪͸߶Էʵ飬ȴ֪Ļ֮ͫǾǿߣԵֿҪ˵һͨˡ
Ѿ御˵Ȱ˲Ҳûʲô취
ΨһǣǺ˵¶Ϣа̵˽ǣֻ
ûһЩˣܲסа̵Ķ̱ƹȥʱֺ緢֮ȴĵñ˭죬¶ϢԼ˸֪Ϣˡ
ʱһұɱʲô¡
ܶҪӣϧΧѱа̷κӵˣܸΪǿңΪ̷ֲһܣȫǣ
ʶа̵Ŀֲֶ֮󣬴ӴҲû˸ˣֻϣаѾ׬㹻࣬ܿһЩ
⣬ҲõԸѣʵԼҲףʵ֡

ڤʤѩ֪еĵǺͿ־塣
֪Ҳ᲻Ϊ⡣
ΪǣЩһʵͿԴ󣬲֪ߵغ񣬽ڤ󣬲Ϊ񣬶Ϊϧȴڷν͡
ʤѩˣʥɽһ·ϣղϵļ۱Уڸϵڤ֮⣬·ߣȻٲԥڤ֮С
һ·֮ϣ̶ݲð£Сȳ޹ѸãлһЩ֪ʲôҶƬɢŵĳζ
ͨ˱˵ͨУ߲ϼֻ¾Ҫ֮УʧӰ٣Ƭ֮ҲΪеһ߿ݹǡ
ʤѩˣεΪǳ뻯ֻ׹עһ˿·ɣ֮䣬Ѿȥ￪⣬̤µ档
һӺ󣬵µڽʧʵǰһɫĴɽкɫɽ壬γħһľǼɽ
ǰɽҲǱش񣬸ͺһЩͼɡ
֣ΪڣͼΪԽɽ
˵䱻а̸գ׶ͨȴûʵǵ
ʤѩΪ˲жϣ޶аȻԥԾ֮󣬾ͬʱżɽ֮ϼȥ
˵ٶȺ֮죬գѵɽڣѾּа̵Χ̽
ǲΪܴڤΧûаŷڵɽΪһ½аȻ˰ظҪ
һʤѩӰȵʲôˣ˴󵨣ȻҴҼʥ̣Ҫ𣿡
Żּɫװĳֵӣ׶һ֪Ǽа̵аͽ
͡
Ȼʤѩˣûд𻰣θǼֵӼ״һӵ
ǣ£ȴֻп
һ̣ҽУ쳹ɽӰѾԸٶȣɽ
Ǽа̵ķԱѾ˲ķѣѪ䣬漴ڷ
˸ָûжһ£ЩڵͨӣͲǵĶ֡
Ϯ
һ£ɽһ岻Ĵ𣬶һ̻𣬴ļа̵ӴĴΧС
βͣǰ󱬿һһѪٶļа̵ӣֹһ˲
ڣƬʱ֣˾ɱ˼а̵̳λá
޴ɽ֮£ѸλɱʮԱɫĮűɽʤѩˣֵ֣ɽһ


848 ʹ
ֹɱ⣡
λӣУֳһĨеǰһᣬ䵲ʤѩǰ
һλӣͬһᣬ̤ǰһ䲢סȥ·
ȻʤѩһԲŻһۣʱϬͬʱǰһݶȥȻӳһȭ
¡
ǵһγ֣ȭͷЮӾ磬絶ǿûӴ˸оĿľ
á
ɱʮĳԱҲǷ֮һ֪˲룬ɫ֮£Ҳ˲ѯǵֱͬӺϣ˫ֻ裬еĳڿһŵ
Ȼ
ۡ˲佻ӣֱӱ
䣬䣡
ͷֱӴӵзɳԶԶ׵ȥ
ѪȾ˵棬еĳҲͨҲӲסʤѩһȭֱ֮ӱҳƬͬɢһء
Ѩڶսʤѩλ֣һһжӲ¡
ߡ
ʤѩβͣҲϵµʬףһԾԾ˼а̵Ĵţ˼аĵش
Ȼ˴˴ӿļа̵Ӹˣ飬һϢˣûһߡ
ܾסڼаģٶǻԪϵСͷĿҲвѨڵĴͷĿʱԴһֵսɱɭȻΧסʤѩ
ҴҼʥ̳ߣ
Ϊ֮ˣһǹĿѮߣһѵⳤϼأ˸ɭķâԲǷֻҲﵽƷ
󣬻ֵ֮ˣǰ·ϣһѪɫСͼ
ɱʮλѾʤѩµĳԱʣʮˣȫˡ
λλߣǼаɱʮеϴСµ͡ΪѨ۷壬ҲɱʮУΨһһλӵѨ۷徳Ķǿߡ
ĵСħʹ¶⵶棬ҲŵϺš
ţ
״ʤѩһֱǰеڲɵͣ
ͣǲòͣ
ʮѨϵĶ⵶ǰ滹Ų֪ٻԪѨڵļаСͷĿͷĿ
ݣʹڼʵҲ᲻ΪһУܽȺ𣬴Ӷȥġ
ʤѩڵȥѰǼͷӾǡ
Ԥķ룬סаеһЩи߲㣬ʤѩûǵԣͷӣͬжϵа֯
ֻҪʤѩ˼ͷӣʣµ˾ͲΪˡ
ƾ˵սһѨ۷壬ȴʵʵӵи߽װ벽սһװ벽۷壬ʵսֻ߲͡
ԣʣЩˣҲ͸ʲôˡ
Ȼ䲻⡣
ʤѩһҪԽǣֱӴ뼫а̵ĺǣʮɱߣ״һЦȴ˲һֳ֣ǰ档
ʤѩͣסΣɫ信ޱȣתͷһۣڵȽЩޣûа취ˡ
״Ŀͬ΢䣬ȻˣǾȰǽ˵ɣ
˵䣬ͬʱ齣ǰȥʮɱߡ
ȻڴʱЦȴȻ֪ߵغδɵСӣȻҼʥڷǴԲѣ
Ц漴ͷһλ޳ǿߣ֪ӺδͻȻ֣Ȼֱ£ǰ
ˣˣһ£аȿһ̵ʼǶнٿŴССĸֱʯ⻪˸ݻ
ϵϢȻﵽװ벽۷ҡ
һˣǡǡ෴һɫ£ʼ򵥣һټ򵥲
ǱǾͬһ齣ƬǿаһҲнκνâĸо
ǣϵϢȴͬǿᵶߣΪ¡ΪϵϢȻﵽнװ벽ڡ
ʤѩ״ɵöȻͫһ漴ֲȻһЦ
ܺãǸ棬඼ˡ
ʣڴʱ˿̣һһƣ򳤽ǿߣǶҲ֪Ǿøʢļа󻤷ʹ
ʹߡʮģʹߡɺ硣
ǣУ˲Ƕֻгװ벽ľΪһȻһѴװ벽۷壬һȴнװ벽ڵʵ
󣬻߸ɴʵ
ʱŵңҲ˲أֱӱȫƣǶʤѩǰ
һƬ֮䣬ԭǶʮһȺԪѨСͷĿĳ棬ٴαĪ˶ʮ˸ĻԪѨаͷĿ
գһʱý


849 ͷ
˾棬ʤѩˣȴ治ɫ¶΢Ц
һָǰ浲סȥ·ǰĻʹԼɱʮеʮˣʤѩڵң˭ɱȥɣ
á
ʤѩԣ۾һԥͷôˡ
䣬ٲͣͬʱһΪһ׹⣬գ۱ǻʹǰһһɱж֡
ǣ
ԭأʤѩˣˣȻԵõط֣ȻûǷģôλŵĻʹˣγܵ衣
ܺãգɽ
ʹߡʮģʤѩʹߡɺ磬
߽ɻ
ʮȻһ󳤽Ǳ۵ĺʶһΪһ裬ڰٿȻһȻ˲ɢһߣһ޴Ľʤѩȫ¡
ʹߵɺ磬ͬϵǱ̵ʣһˮգؼһʱһĨǳ֮ɫ
⼲ǣһţֱüġ
Ķ֡
ʤѩη壬һЦ˫ּģûгֱӾͽʹߡɺеȫס·ʤѩΪ򵥣ָһ
һ⣬ǳգ˲γһֻһͽʹߡʮĴ̳ĽȫɢȻͣв
һУΪﵽнװ벽ڵġʹߡʮģܱ
һһͷ­ʹ˹䣬˫ԲĲšǣһ˼ʹֹͣаʹ֮һĻʹߣ䣡

һߣʹ䣬ʹߵɺ緢Ǳ̵֮ϵĽٿŴСʯȻͬʱһȻ󡰺䡱һǧһ˲䣬ͬʱը
ã
һĻͫһС
û뵽Է̵֮ϣЩݻıʯԭΪֻװ֮ãȻбը֮ܡ
ʹߵɱУ򲻵ѣá
Ͼһʹãʱػ٣˷һΣͲˡ
Ͼ߽װ벽Ķ֣ǰһΪ費ܿ죬㷴Ӧ˫黮Уһ澧ӨԲٿȻΡ
ۣ
ʯը֮ܣִ֮γɵľܣվ޷˽֮ʱıըֵ֮Ϣ󣬱㡰顱һͬʱѡ
ʹ¶ЦݣΪɵʱ
ȴȻһЦΪ⣬һתȻ˶ȻһһţԱλãӲһαըನ
Ȼ̳ɢȥһ·ըãȴ¶⡣
չ㣬˿˵ģ
ţǣ
ʹ߾㵣ɻı顣
δѣһֶֻȻֻһһɹһ̣ͷ­ּͬң۾Բǲ֮ɫ
аʹߵڶλʹߵɺ磬ͬɡ
ԭЩͬҪΧʤѩɱʮгԱһĻ޲ɵͬʱһû뵽̶Ƭ̣λʹߣȻȺɡ
ǣ£Ʒϵķ£
ϳϣ¶ЩâȻһܵסʹǿֲһʮֲ
һߵʤѩ˵ľҲɵûعͷһۣͫһ˿⡣
ûͷֵʹһģڴйŴ壬йŵУõǼμƷ£ų֮һʳ֮󣬾һֱ֪ٵġη¡
η£μƷ˵ΪμƷ۷֮ûм֮
˵ʹǼʮűʯıըǸǿֲĳֻҲȫ¡
ԴӵõμƷ֮һֱϣֻһֱҲûû뵽վȻССļа̣ΪһССĳװ벽Ĵڣ¶˳
Ҳÿϧ
Ϊηµȷɱ֮һףֻҪΣգᶯ£գҲ֮⣬η£Ȼδһ϶ҲҪˡ
λ߽װ벽ļͷӣδܰæˡ
Ҫǣֳλûгֵļͷӣʮλɱʮеõ֣ڶԪѨǿߣҲһɲСս
ڣΪμƷµĴڣɹһɱ٣ȻöԷ˲䣬˲佫նɱʡ˲ٵ顣
ǣʲôˣ
ʣµɱʮгԱһĻ޲ĵ㺮ɫ
ǵΪʹԶԶ磬ƽʱӴˣȻ֪ǵĿ¡
ڣˣȴǵĻʹ£һָֻʹͻɱһλнװ벽
һȻһʼЩǱǲΪ䲻⣬һɱ٣Ҳһֻƣͻɱһλʹߡ
⵽ħô˿£ֱ
ǵʵҲѨ۷嵽װ벽ҵʵսȴѨ۷ͳװ벽еġ
һɱнװ벽Ļʹߺͳװ벽ʹߣˣٶ߽װ벽ս
ľˣɷ׷׳ȥȻԼҲħͷ޷ѣҲ֪£ʱ򣬱˸
˳˳ˮʱãһ·磬Ҳǡ
Ȼʤѩô׷Źǣͬʱϣٲԥɱ䡣
ɱʮеĳԱʹȫ赲ʤѩλ콾Ķ֣Ƶ֮£Ƭ̣㳡ʬ壬һƬǽ壬ѪȾʯ档
ԶЩʣļа̵ӣ˶Żĳ棬ҲܲסеĿ־壬һХҲԭִͣ˷ɽ±ȥɢӡ
˵̶Ƭ̼䣬һսֱЩа̵ͽ׵ӵĵ
һĻʤѩû׷ȥˡ
ʵǿվֻˣ޷Χаɽ
ͷҲֻ׶ͺãЩѪȵģȻŹЩСޣҪܣҲȥһһץء
ĿǰǻҪһУͷӣûн
ţһս϶˼аλаǿĸ֣ͷӣ֡
Ȼûãʤѩ̤ʯף̳ʱڣһȣȻ֡
һɫۣͷֵ󺺣ǽһĻɵ˲˫Ŀͨ죬ʤѩĿѣС
һɿµѪζϣ˲㳡


850 ع
Ȼ˿ֲƵĹͷǿߣʤѩ϶û¶˿ɫ
෴ˣʤѩˣȴͬʱЦˣΪ֪γж
ʤѩתͷԼ˽ˡȥѰһ£ɽǷ񻹹ѺһЩͨƽ񣬽ǷˣýǵĲرص㣬Ҳһ򾡣ñԺҲ޷ɽΪ񡣡
á
ԣҲԥ˵ͷֱתȥ
ʤѩΣգҲǼͷӵĶ֡
ԷΪߣʤѩѰǿߣǣϣμƷͷǿţϣıһҲûаɣ
ԣ߸һ
ҲףμƷжʤѩΪһҵĵӣõμƷҲΪ¼ңΪμϾʿ޻ð֮λ徳ʿ޻ð֮λ
ݵλɲһܻõģͷǿҲļ
ԣҪ˵ʤѩսʤһҰ߽װ벽Ц
תߣȻǼͷӣԸоӣը˷ΣȻһǰСȻӱĴڣˡ
ϺճȻһն£һʱ¡¡𶯣ʯɳɣʧɫ
߽װ벽ȫһɼһߡ
ȻһӰһȴԱٶȣڳ֮¡
ֻĿ⵭ȻһУ˲һֵĵɫ⣬֮ϣܵ棬һʱᡣ
Ķң
ʤѩһתеĵɫȻȻ󻺻ǰһӡ
ˣ
ֲĽⶸȻԵ֮ȻΪһĽ⣬¶ϣżͷӷһӭȥ
ֲս˲졣
ȻһĻȴһЦֱһżа̵ĺ񱼶롣
ͷҪ׷ϣϧʤѩӣ޷Ըֻ߳ŭʤѩ˵
ʤѩʵȴԶԽԽľ
󣬲ʮй·磬ֹʤѩʵǽصɫ⣬Ҳܵ޴Σա
ľѣðһСӣȻ˿ֲʵ
Ҫǣͼֹͣʵˣӵر
ǽصɫ⣬򵥣ѳԽͨһ溮֮ս֫ٺ
ƾ߽װ벽ΪҲԵֵԽԽԽԽѡ
һк

ʤѩģǽصɫ⣬ȻٴһһɫԿֲ֮ƣƿ˼ͷӵһȻĲ
ѪӿжһأƵļа߽̽װ벽ļ棬ȻԵǻĲʺţɡ
а̣
ʤѩĿ΢һУ֮ЯĴеǱɫ𣬶һۣŸղߵķ򣬺Ӷȥϡ

һ·;ûʲôżУҲһ֮У׷ױ˳
ڣһ佨øûʵĴǰĿ΢ɨȻֵǰһڵڣƺǵع
һֱУʲôΣա
Ȼǰ˿ֲսعԼΪҪЩĳԱɼش˴û뿪
ǣַЩ˱ȫڷûһܵסĽŲƬ̡
ڣһ·ǰУ߹һͭ޵Ƶһ޴ҡ
֮еĳʱ˫Ŀࡣ
λͨƽ񣬱ڴ˴еıڵƶǣŪеŮͷɢȫ൐Ǳ޺ۣѪǱЩа˵˷йĶ
еˣʬ׷룬ȫѪ״ޱȣƺǱشԴ
еˣݹᾣҲ֪ûкúóԹһٷһǣ˫ĿĮȻţҲûκηӦһûʲô
⴦ңȻǼа̵ȡѰĵĵطֲá
һ̣ţƺһɻ
ԭԼʤѩǰа̸еһ˿ΪѣΪеĿЩͻ
˿̣ЩͷɢֻΪԼû£ųڶϵĶ
һˣ½ĿǰƮҡľأа̣ǷҲ˲бûԣ
Щͨںιʲôʱ޵ߣȡֵĶ󣬼ֱȶԴ磬ˣҲ֮ܳΪˣ
һ̣˫ĿɭޱȣԼղֻ֣̫ˡ
ɱ
ĬĬ߹һңգͷųдĳԱǣʹЩԱػʱҲûκɫʣǲš
գʮ˳ȥصʬףȷ˵þȣŷĿްЦһɽǽٺı顣
ˣĬĬվУգõϵıУԼһҵˡ
˵ţȥ
һıһսᣬǣҲֻĬĬߣ˵ɣ
ĬЩִˣҲΪֻĬĬš
ȵǵȴȲǵ飬ĨǵĹȥ


851 Ԫˮ
գųʹ飬һѻ𣬽عһա
ת뿪ĵطԶ
ĴתһתڣǸԻ͵Ĵ󹬵У˼ı䡣
סĿɲֱӻһնӿͽȫնΪء
򿪱䣬𼫶а̵ĲƸ
ǸճûжãȻСҲ٣Ȼа̵ĲƸûж٣ǰڱ䣬ƷǮһʮң䣬һ
һƷǮͨУһʾ޶ƸУһˣϱǮͳǧ򣬶һƷ
ƷǮҲа
һƷǮҲͲôˡ
ңУղصһЩţƷףҲаƷá
ףȴֻһƷָоС޼ָһ֮ϲ
һԣ򿪵ĸ䡣
ĸ䣬װһЩƷذףƷıףмȽֵһԪ𲧣һö̶ȡ
ЩƷûһǳƷġ
Ȼʹڼаȴ֮УƷҲǿģУҲʹ͸£ǵʵܴⱦУװ׷á
һ䣬򿪣һۣȴһ㶡
˵⼫а̵ĲƸǰĸ䣬û̫֮⣬еʧ
ϾȫĲƸ»һЩǿ߸ˣһ䣬ȴȷе֮⡣
ΪУŵĶ࣬ȻһСһЩӾ»ı䡣
֮󣬱Уȴ룬ʮӨ͸ˮ
һŨصֻǺϢһڣоëڻ͸壬֡
ǱˣϲôҲʶ㣬ȻûмʶƷȴ˵ⶫ
Ԫˮ
һ䣬ʮˮ޵УŴ󲿷ˣһӶѵһԪˮ
ԪˮͨƷ޵УһʮϡͨȼƷǮҪ󣬿˵мУ޼֮
ΪʹǮһҲԸ㻻䣬ض
ΪƷ֮䣬£ʱпܵһϡԴ
̺ż侫ӴԪֱӹ޵գұֱԪҪٵö࣬ΪҲ⣬öࡣ
Ԫˮһ弶ƷƷƷƷԼ߲εļƷ
ô˵ʹһöͼεĴƷԪˮ̺ԪҲ֪Ҫǧ֮꣬أмСɣ෢֣ҿɴ档
һȼԪˮԹһλѨǿߣһ࣬¾Ѩ۷ǿߣһƷԪˮҲɹʮ衣
ңٶȣʮʱ˵ġ
ʹôƷԪˮʮ죬ٿ൱һѨ۷ǿߣѰһµã⣬ǲ࣬ҲԪˮ޵磬˷Ϊʥԭ
˵Ϲ֮ʱǱԪˮΪȼۻҵģԪ
ƷԶԪԪ㣬ƩһöƷԪöƷԪöö
Ʒֵ
ֻؾ䣬½ϵԪԽԽϡ½֪ԪҲϡ
ɳЩԪˮҲӿǿ߹Ϸһգϡ
Ͼ½޵߲֪һҪĵԪˮֵġ
ǧЩԪпɳԪˮһգµԪûôγɣ͵£ԪˮԽԽԽԽϡ٣󼸺ɼ
ڵ޵ˣֱ֪ҲԽԽ٣޵ĵȼۻңҲͱڵĵǮǮ
ȻϿܸûеǮǮƷ
ĶӣӴİؽ϶࣬ԪˮƷû˵ϳ
Ԫˮģ͸췽ҹ̷ˡ
ԣִ޵ߣΪȲϹ֮ʱؾԭһҪĸֶΣҲһҪԭ
ϧгһգ·ִĿɹյµԪԺ޵ߣԪˮһƷֻԽ֪Խ٣ָ
ԪˮҲὥ½
ȴû뵽ڶϣҲֻһλ߽װ벽ļа̣ر֮УȻôһСԪˮжʮ
ȻɫʸнϲЩˮ֮Уһݣʯʻɫ״ģǵ㡣
ʾһԪˮƷʲθߣƣֻܶµȵĴƷԪˮ
ʹˣһԪˮҲǼϡ֮ˣԹһλѨ۷徳ǿߣƵʱϡ
ܴﵽЧԶԶƽޣٿ൱Ѱһ룬ʱĲϿޣЧѰٶȵıƾˡ
֪ǼͷӣǴЩԪˮпԼ̽ãпܣûĳСңǸСҵĲرУżȻõġ
ϾԪˮȻ󣬵ҲųһЩϹż壬һЩ
һЩżУпЩƷ֣ϾʱЩƷϡô֣׻ʹõĴڡ
ֻҪһϹżҲҵʮϰٸ
ΣڶʤѩˣףԼ˷ˡ
ЩԪˮãǳ۸ˣǼֵġ
ĿǰҪٶ֮Ԫˮʱ
ȻܽȥۣʱֲǮֻǿϧһ룬϶ҪָʤѩģʣʮҲֻҡ
ĿǰΪȫʣµɫΪѾƽ޽ӽڳװ벽Ԫˮһ֮ڣ̤Ǹ
ǣʣµǼԪˮȴ޷ƽнװ벽ĵزҪ˵Ŀ꣬ǳнװ벽㡣
컯ΪԽߣɹԽнװ벽㣬ȴյ㡣
нװ벽ڣڵΪ컯ͻƷĸʣȻ
Ȼ뽫ɹƽҪӵнװ벽ڵΪڵΪˡ
һ֮Լ߸ҵʱ䣬ϣµԪˮҪ
۾ȻһҲа̼ȻӵԪˮϡƷа̣˵Ҳֵȼıأ
ûУ֮ɣƩһЩҩ
ԼʤѩһԪˮһ߼ħȥʰ⼸аħܲҵԪˮҲԱѰԼʦһã
뵽ˣ΢΢Ц˲д󶨣Լ֮Ŀ꣬˷
ǡڴʱʤѩˣԼͷָժµĴ䣬Ǳɫ
˭˽ʼ˷䡣
գͷӽָеĶһΪ˸һ룬ԪˮҲһʮɫ뱦ƷУһָԴϲ


852 ¶
֮ʤѩһۣ˶Էе˼漴Ե˵ͷ
漴һЩľ񣬽ΧȻͬʱ𣬽񹬵ٻһա
ʹЩа̵ԱˣǣֻҪȫ٣أҲԻΪХһ˰ɣ
һʱڣһأصðҲһ󹦵¡

ܻ֮Уڱļ񹬵֮ǰʤѩŤͷֵܣаѻ٣ֵη
ĿһźԥаΪ񣬵£ֻһа̡ţ¹ӵУҲǺĳһ뷨ɣ
ţ
ʤѩ۾Ƭ̣ȻʤѩЦܺã˼ǡǡϣһҲ¶ˡ
£
΢ЦţתͷϷ򣬵ȻˣѾǽģӦþ֮˰ɣ
ʤѩĿҲɭȻȻ֮أɽϵѪȵɽׯ׼ѡһ
ɽȣɽҺܲϲȻˣǾȥѪɣҲֻôʱѣһ
ʤѩԣҲԥһܺãȻˣǾ͡
䣬ȻһѾϷεȥ
״ȻһЦҲͬһΪһɫ⣬ȥ
ߺаȼյһ޶ȣ漴ȻһȻһ̳
֮֮أͳ׺䶯˶֪˼а̸ϢЩײڶԣǻ裬׽š
֮أ㻶ʮգ˶ûдͻȻľϲлعȻ֪˭˼а̣Ȼѡ
ֻڤΧʤѩٵСׯһ¹·ľȴǼа̸Ϣ
ǲţ̶ģڤķ򣺡ĪǣʿϺС´ед£
˵꣬һӹڤ򣬲ϿͷôҲֱͷѪ

ȻһĻ뿪֮صʤѩˣȴһ֪
ǰ·֮֮أǧ֮ңѰˣûһأѴﵽ
˺εٶȣѰգʹ޵УҲһһĶ֣ٶȺֹѰڰٱǧ
ǹʣֻ˰ʱ䣬˱Ѿ֮ĿǰѾ֮ϣ֪ĸɽѪķȥ
ɽ֮أĸɽ֮һֱǧɣɽһ
ɽжɽˮڶյأʱѪȺĳޣմ֮Ѫɽ
ǣһ֮أȴϸոа֮֯һѪΪžݵأ󷨣նأǱòɱ
Ȼһ죬ɽ£ȴ꣬ɽ֮󣬽Ųֱͣӵɽ
ѹ裬ס˫лаǰȫȻá
ֱѪĸֳѪѪΧȻǵĶ֡
󣬽գɱϸɽɽۣѪ߲㣬ͬѪһλнװ벽۷ĶǿߣѪԯٹţȫɱ
󣬽ѪصвƸϯһգٷһѴ𣬽ѪפأħѪ챤һѻճ˻ҽ
ˣ֮أа֮֯һѪգϢ磬ϡ
֮أһа֯ɽׯ֮󣬲ɽ
뵽֮أġа̡ڰ֮ǰո⵽Ϣ뵽ոոѪģݴҲ꣬˳֮Ϊ¶顱
ɽׯ߲㣬ľ壬æҹٻԱҸ߼Ƹ˼ħ֣æפɽţǧɱֻȰ¶ǰ
Ȼûá
ʹ׼Ԥϵ˰¶ڽѪ֮Ҳɽׯȫ׼ǣɱⲻɽׯĽ
֮λ֮꣬ȷҹ䣬ͻȻɱϡ
һ֮УܿɱУд󣬶ȫȻãʱ֮ɽׯ£ͬǼλƸȭħ֣ȫһա
̶ϼа̣Ѫ֮һаɽׯҲȫ𣬱
ֻǵһЩСආ˳ȥҲٲ¶棬֮أһʱڡ
£Ҳ𡰰¶顱Ϣ׷ײ²⣬λǿߣʵģ
˴󶥼ţͷۣаȻڶ̶һҵʱڣȫʣĸаħĻ̡̻
ˣɲͨ˰
۷׷֮ʣһҹԭ׼ǰ֮أƵʤѩˣȻͣԭأȻһƧĹȣչء
ΪʮĲϷôƷԪˮԼԤϵǰ졣
ѾܵͻƳװ벽ƿǰˡ


853 װ벽
ҹףˮ
½ϣһɽȣһ¿ٳļªʯ֮С
ʤѩһǣ
ʤѩѴﵽװ벽ǳװ벽ңʮղϵԪˮҲǿӽװ벽۷壬ͻнװ벽һξ롣
ΣǴΪͻȻֹг̣ͬʱǡøȻһƫƧɽУһҲʲôΣգܺùһ
ȴǵĵȷȷʵʵظܵͻƳװ벽
ڽ֮ʱѾͻƵѨ۷֮󣬾ؾʣµɫΪӷɿ죬ɽѰʦ֮ʱɫѾȫϡ
Ϊ磬ѾﵽѨ۷Σװ벽ûжԶ
ϺһµѰʦ֮ãȻΪûֵգٶȻڽ
һ£پսԼԪˮڣװ벽ƿԤڵûҪϼ쵽
ܵʤѩԱ޵ĺϢаҲֱһ֣ӴͳһöѾսԪˮġ
漴ۣʶ룬һƾ⣬ӦһӴԪ֮ԴʱԾϳ۶ȥ
˲䣬ƺӦһ޴Ԫ֮ţͬһСɢůĹâ˲
ľ˼һͶȥ˲͸о˾޴Ԫʹ⣬ȡ
ٲԥֱתĳ޴ɫľСʽתԪˮеľԪתΪԼ
ȻǵһԪˮеʹˣǸоһĸʳоͷ·˲ιһȫ£ȫϰ̣˳˳Ծ
ò̾˵ǺãѹϹ֮ʱǿ߱
ԲһЩֻҪųԪˮ˵ΪôҲܲȥ
ִȴУΪԪͿݽߣٶԶǰټԪˮΪȿɣһգ⣬ҲܵõԴԼΪ
ԪˮڣȻҲܵ˹֮ʱֺ죬оˡ
ʱһһֹȥתѾȥһʱҡ
ȻһԵʤѩһ۾ܵ쳣
Ϊʯ֮УԪȻ粨յöԪˮҲȻԪԲ˼ٶȣ֮ӿ롣
ʯ֮Уһ˲һƬԪ
ǣҪͻˣ
ʤѩҲͻƳװ벽龰һĻȻİ״Ҳֹֻ΢΢Цţɴֹͣȴ
Ȼûá
ͻȻУöֻһ룬Ӧû֧ĴƷԪˮȻȻһȻ顱һȻը
һŻҰɫʯۣ£ɢһأȴҲûԭӨ󣬳Եĸоˡ
ȻԪ̶̼ʱ֮Уһˣǹ졣
һöƷԪˮ㹻Ϊʮࡣ
ӼаɽϴӶϸϵϣŻѪɽׯʱ䣬ٵ˵أʤѩˣһҲѶʮʱѣһ»Զ
Ҳ˵ʮʱ䣬Ԫˮ֮ǰʮ죬ĵȷģԿ죬ҲǾңŻĵһö
ԣǰѾĵԪˮԭٿ֧ڶʮˣڶʮ컹ࡣ
ڣյ죬СԪˮȻֱӱȡһգըѳΪĩˡ
Ҳ
Ϊ޵ͻ֮ʱһ˲ҪԪǼӴġ
ҲǴ޵ߣΪͻʱƿ߱ҩԼһЩͻƳɹʵһҪԭš
ͻƵľԽߣƿԽǿҪԪҲԽӴ
ʱֻǴӻԪͻƵԪڣߴӻԪڣͻƵԪڣһƷԪˮƸж仯
ǣǴѨ۷ͻƵװ벽мĲʮִˡ
ˣ˲հƷԪˮҲ
ˣ
ܵĵǸƷԪˮըѣܵԪȻ簧ոɶƿȻʵ̵ƣҲ룬һУ֮УһµĴƷԪˮֳС
žĲӿ룬ܵԪٴαñϵɫ»ָ
ڶƷԪˮɫҲӰɫ䵭ңʾԪԼٶȱգ
ڡ
ֹԼһʱ֮еĵڶöƷԪˮҲ˽룬Ȼ֮䣬࣡һ죬ƺʲôȻ򴩡
漴ֲɫ֮ϣӿͬŭ˲ϯʯҡ
ˡԪɫС㣬ӿе£ڼϣȻ˲ʧ˽ȥ
һԣʤѩһӣɢϮɫҲվȣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻЩֲɫĳ֣ûãһֱڱչеڻ۾˫֮У⻪һš
֮ܵе״̬Ҳ΢΢һЦ
Ȼɹˡ
ڣװ벽
һ̣Ҳɰٸн
տʼ̤޵磬֪֮ʱ˳֮Ϊ壬˱뵽нգҲܳΪ˾޵Ϊ۷һСȺ벽֮
һ벽ֻǳװ벽ҲǽȻͬ͹ȥױ仯ˡ
һӣյǸԪѾʣѵĴƷԪˮͱջ˴УʤѩȭһлΪĳء
ˡ
ʤѩϸ˰ΣЦЦϲֵܣһװ벽ӴԾţ뷨ֽ֮һ
Ǻǡ
ʤѩ΢΢һЦĳȷǸ֮£֣ؾнװ벽ѲԶĳԶԶֺαȡЦ
ȡЦ
ʤѩɫ޵·ԶԵĻǿЩСԴȱ˿ӽװ벽۷壬ʶһһ仯Ѩһ·׷ˣٶȿԶĳöˡ
ĳҲڼ츳һȣȴܾԲѲ磬ò̾һ
ҡҡͷԽϣͻԽѣְٳ߸ͷȻоǰѣĳֻβ׷ƿСȻоǰ١Σʼջǲһزǡ
û£ڵܾã޵缴ӭһ䣬꽫ڴ֮ǰƱزڴ䵽֮ʱӵԱʵԲŲϧһдۣ벽֮
ҽΪװ벽ָǾͻнװ벽Զżʹ٣֣Ƿ֣Ա֮൶šʥ١ȼǾޱǵĩգҲõˡ
佫ô
ʤѩԣУȴһĨɫ漴ٶԣЦãֵܶˣħʲô൶ţʥ٣ȼǾޱߣһ
Ϣһҹͳɣ
˵ͷָһߣսװ벽ҲҪȹԼΪӦµһҹ޻
ڶһ磬ٴǶȥֱӱϣ½֮أ˵֮У൶ŵڵأ൶ɳĮжȥ


854 ൶ɳĮ
൶򡱣Ǵ֮أ൶ɳĮһ򣬺Ͷġĵ򡱣ġƵ򡱣ġ򡱣Ƴ൶
ϵ˹ҲϰˣȡˮƽΪӣΪ൶ɳĮȻȻȡ൶Ҳá
棬ȡˮƽͳ൶ϵҲ̫࣬ʵϵԭ񣬱డʲôģȫȻûаֹϵ
ڰǰ൶ʵҲһ㷱еȼ򣬲Դӳ൶ɳĮ֮Уһ൶̡֮󣬳൶ϵˣҪôɱҪôˡ
ڣϻҴˣ˵٣ļϣǵŵľ
Ƶľ죬ɳûСĿջǲƵӡһɻľżһ紵ּɳ裬Ҳû
Ȼһ죬ȴͻȻһͲǱӵİˣͻȻ١
Ƿ糾͵ģǸ˲̵·;һȴɹ£ѩããĮɳһҲƥ䣬롣
һȥԽˮ磬ɳĮҹӡ
˵ǰƺҸƼЪЪţϲƵľȴɾһ
İ˵һ൶ϵˣӵöˡû㸲൶̣ǵĹ
İ˵֣Ҳûйϵ½Ĵаħޣֻһһ𣬿϶ȴϽ֮ҡ
˵İ˶һ٣ŵȻпᣬһȴʵǾǶϣʢ˿򣬽һ̣˿ڣٰ򡣵֮أȴǱ鴦ɳ˶ϡ٣Ҫ˵Σ϶ǶԼΣȴ
˵Ҳɸ̾һ̾Ϣ޹˵ǿԽΣȺ󣬵Ҳ˵ϰ˿ڣ͹ǧˣһУǳ൶а񣬶ǽգΪ˵ؾ񱨳ô
Ҳֻˡ
İ˵˵ͷٲԥ൶֮С
ӭĿɳԶķУƺ͸ѪζֵֹģȴϰߣΪ⡣
κοɳ籩ξң޷ֽһɣ漣ģϷɳϯܣȴƽ˾㳾Ⱦ
Ҳѹ֣һ·Ⱦ糾֮ϣȻְܱѩ
ħһֶΣѰֻ¾ҲѧǣҪɾһϮѩֻ¹Ƭ̣ҲۺһƬһ·üûʲôˡ
Ҳһأ˶¾ɵԭ򣬲ˣǴ˵ȱˮַɳ꣬ûǸࡣ
տʼ˶ϰߣö֮ҲֻӦ˵صĻˣҲûа취顣
ԶѰˣ֮һ·򱱶У;Щɳûɴ˴ͻķϵľüͷ΢΢
а֮һˡ꣬һ˲
İˣпһһ鲻֪ﴵľ壬ʱһξԶžһҵһǽ
ǽ£ƱǸȣֱӡ顱һί˰أΪһ»
üͷ壬գҲֻ
ף
ȻİˣĿ𣬿ǰĿ΢΢𣺡ȻһջƺӪҵ
ţ
ȥȻǰԶһбݣǰһ֧ľ𣬰üΣʹɳô󣬾ȻǿĲչʾĴڡ
ɫĲĸдббǳһڴ֣߻Сջ
ĸ򵥣ֻƾŤģ΢һģдҲϵá
ߣȥЪһЪȿϾߣ൶̵Ͻˡ൶Ѫߡϵ·ء൶򣬿ɾֻʣççɳʲôҲˣ
á
꣬ƿڵľţ߽ջ֮С
Ȼջ֮ȴһ㶡
ջ֮Уͣɳסʹªޱȣȴʰʮָɾ
ֻľüľƴնɣùΨһصǣ̨֮ûоƱ֮УҲûпˡ
ǣмľ֮ϣȴһ̳Ͼƣֻ롣
еϾ˺һķУ˵ıǻ˵
һӶޱȡ
ǶܵˣһɲͬѰϢ
˵ǵ֣ջ֮У߰ʮλ֣Ҳ˵ǷֺΪ˸е˿ǡ
ǣʱ˿̣ɳϯСոʰɾûõĿջջȴһ˶ƫƫϣȴǰ֪˵ĵѾǰƣꡭ
ʰջأ˭裿ջԭˣȥ
ɫһԽ䱸㶼ûмȥ¥úò̽һջܡ
ڴʱȻ⡭
໣
һصĲҽƺڲԶ
İһ˶ȻŶڲҽ˲䣬ͻΪһ̣Ʈ⣬ֱǲҽзȥ
İˣȴûжȻͣԭأŲҲͣסˣվԭأĶ
Ȼİ˳ȥ֮Ϊ淢ʲô£ҲӦϽصջֻ޷϶Ҳδֻ
ǣʲôҲûС
İӳȥ֮󣬳ʼʱһӶأƶȻžʲôҲ
ˣͻȻʧһ㣬ûһ˿һټ¾һ˿Ҳ
λ˵ɫɳ
۾֮У˸ķâһһ˸ĳͳСֳֳţҲ˳ȥ


855 ߻Сջ
⣬ͬء
ڵ磬ů紺ף⣬ֻһǽ֮ȴٴλصɳңϯĶ磬ٲĹˣλһҽбİˣȴʧӰ
־ţɳԱһƬɫУСƺʧȥֻʣµλֽһˣվ
ɳڶȴһ㲻˸о֣Ȼһֱĵĺֱ͸
ֽǰ˼Ȼһǽͣ½Ų
ɵĺʵǽ£ȻһССĳɫģϣһѪɫ䵶֮ϣνδѪͬ飬Եа
СһʱɭȻ
ٺ٣൶ô벻ǻûȥ㣬ǾȻǰϢڴСˣ
ֽȻһЦƾõֶΣҲԸˣǵĳ൶ԳһܣֻµһЩͨӣͲ˶ѡ
λֽ꣬ȻǺʤѩһ·ϣ֮أʮգڸϵ൶ɳĮԵ൶Դ˽൶ɳĮΪ൶а̣ոͻƳװ벽ûõ
ֻǣҲû뵽൶а̾Ȼǰ֪Ϣ˴˴¼ƲߣʤѩֿȻǰڴ˽ĸ֮
һ룬ҲȻ
ʤѩǰڶ֮أּɽжһأĪƵļа̣һ򾡣а̽Ϊߴ߽װ벽ļ棬ϡ
µĻʹɱʮ˵һȫ䣬ûһ֮С
ֻһҲͰˣ൶̿϶ʲô
ʤѩϣŽΪϵаѪɽׯ
͵ڶ֮رǸļа̣Լ֮صа൶һ²ģмĹͬ㡣
ʤѩȺа̡ѪɽׯֻҪû⣬ɵҲܿóϣϣ£
ԣΪԱҲ˵Ƶʱ䣬ʤѩпܳڳ൶ɳĮԣ൶棬¼ƲߣʤѩǷֿơ
ֻǣΨһɻǣƾʤѩʵ³൶Ҳһ˲ͱɱʧȥϢ
һģһλһܡ
·ƾʤѩװ벽۷壬ѾһЩ߽װ벽۷Ŀֲս㲻УҲܷһ㶯ǡ
ڣ˲ʤѩҲʧԭȴȫκδ򶷺ۼҲûκδȴΪΣ
Ҫ˵൶ͻ˷һʤѩɱȫȻţȻУ֪ıʡ
üͷ΢壬𼴽Ҫĳ൶˵ʣеļµԭ
գҡҡͷĿ⳯Ĵһ£ѪɫС죬ȷûзκ쳣۾΢Ȼתġ߻Сջ
ҲգҾͲţб£һ˲ʤѩʧȥжʧ
ƾΪԱ࣬϶Ƿʲô飬ԲŲҴǱ𣬼ȻˣǲҪ߻Сջôôʲô϶Ҳаɣ
ţһ߽߻СջһΣȴҲ˿⡣
ջУɾһƬûκľϵľƣҲɢһΣȴδĿעӹֺ
ܲеâҲעⲻתԵɭȻ졣
ĿĴɨһ£һȷʵûʲô⣬Ȼת¥¥λá
¥ͷһССԲţȥȥ·
Բ֮ϣϵһ
֮ϣһľƣԼɢ
ľϣ̵С֣رԶ

رԶ
ǰ˸֣þòڣһЦҵҪǳ൶Ūʲôӡ
һƣһƷ˳ǿľӦ飬ȷûʲô⣬һͨľơ
ּȻҲľƵѣʧˡ
һ߳ȻҲֱһӽ˶¥
Ȼǰľȴ΢΢һ
ջĶ¥һ¥ҲûʲôͬͬļľͬĿտյ˵ɱ֣һֻҰһֻҲ
ȻɳĮԵһһ̵Ŀջ֮УȻֻҰһֻӣҲֵİɡ
ڣʲôûС
ȻҲ˵ȫͬ
ΪĿһɨȻݽǣһŻ
ŻЩͷˣ֮ذڷһľϣҲûʲô쳣
߹ȥһȻĿעסˡ
Ż֮ϣĸīС֣Ҷݣ
֮£ûȻһۣʮ꾡Ѱͼ


856 Ҷ
رͼ
ȻЦף֮ǰҵǿľϵİ˸֣ʲô˼ˡ
֪ӲܲǶ֣üƽǷֿȻʩգȥҳ൶̵鷳𣿡
¸һһŲ֪ٵĲرͼһſͷ֧ƱǰѰΪС⻹д뷨أ
۾֮У˸Ĺâǰľ̯֮ŵͼôһ˲ȻΪʲôԷҪʤѩǰֿˡ
űͼһõܾѰȻҲпܽǵ㸲Σڵ˴ԼȴҪϥñͼȥ֣ԼųηΪȴǲʡ
ԣԷҲûô˵õⱦأǹ塣
룬ֻһˣõⱦͼΪ̰ͼһ˻߼棬ȴֹ˵ǣȴзųһˣǲǻɹӶ֮䣬϶
һ˼϶֮Ʋƣ¼֮£˵൶̻ᣬ¶رͼɱʤѩˡ
ң˭֪ʤѩͻȻʧǲҲһջ󣬻һݱͼأ
ȻƾΪ֣ôܸһȥֱʧһûü
ǵֻ᲻̹Ȼ棬֮ڣضֻԼһȥѰ
˵򵥵һƣмȴıôѡ񣬶пܻ֮϶ӶӣֵģΪжпܡ

űͼǼٵأ
ԷѴ֮ŪһżٲرͼʲôҲûзѣͰ˵ĻƽŪ÷ֱǲŽб¡
ΪһżٲرͼжԷļƣǲЦ
ԣ֪ǼƣҲȷŲرͼǲģûʤѩΪ֮Ŀɳǣ
۾΢΢
Ϊһ㣬ԥΪó൶治ô֪һͨһǼٵıͼȻֻ˸ͬ飬ݣ
ԣűͼҲпܻһĲرͼˣ
Ҷݣ
׽ĸ֣ԼԼãԼ֡
Ȼɫһ۾һһ֣оͳһҩλҩ˹ز͸ġҩ
ٽ䷭ֱӷҳ档
ٷ˼ҳ֮ڣڵҳϣһͣסָ
Ȼ̯Լǰ
ҩ֮ϣһаҶҩݣʹͼҲܸܵһķâֱüģüģһʹ
ͼ棬ż̵ʮֽܡ
Ŀ⣬ٵɨӵЩ档
ҶݣƷеݣڼ뼫֮أһҶ˰ʼܳ׳죬ΪҶΡ
棬˰ҶݵĸֳʱڣһΣҶʱȳʱڣԲժãÿһƬҶǿߣбѪӦ
Ҷ֮ʱΪڶγʱڣһãбӦ
Ҷ֮ʱΪ̬֮󣬲ߣбѪͣӦͣǽߣһ֮
һõһֻ̬꣬ҶΣҲһͨǿߣһԾΪ½һĽǿߡ
ҶҪ˵һ£߳ʱ䣬ֻҪ;䣬ԿԳΪ½⽣ߡ
ҶΣһֱֻǴ˵֮󣬿ܽӴĽ棬ѾǴ½⽣ݡ
һǿľ⣬ʹҲƾ⽣ܳһʱ䡣
ɱУǺųƳڤ˲ɱˣǧȡͷ˵㣬ʮﻹܰ쵽ģǿ
ԣҶݣ޵УһϡĶݣƷеȵƷף뵱Ѱҵ컯ҩй֮
Ͼ컯ζҩﻯλؽֻƷ͵ҩ˥ԸһףͰҶݵͬ
ҩһ꣬ʵۼֵԶҶݡ
ΪҩΪΪ컯ҩϡļֵֻеһ꣬ãԶҶݵİٷ֮һǧ֮һ
½ΧڣҶݣ֪нǿһõݡ
½֪ţһ֪൶ɳĮУһҶݵĻһ˲ġ
ǲ
Ŀ⣬ҩ֮ջأľ֮ϵǷƹͼͼһǣҲһСһŵİҶݣҶƬչ罣ӵмͨị̄S
忴ȥһİҶīһȻ棬صĸо
ǰҶô
ȻСʱڳУ곤ߣ˵һ˵
˵ٶǰĳأһ꼴׳İҶݣʱûвժ䳹׳죬֪ΪΣȴȥҶݵϢҲʹû
д˵֮ǰʵֻһѰҰҶݵĲͼˣȥѰ
ǣϢ©ƾļФˣܱס˱ͼգ壬ͱһգŲرͼҲ֪١
ҶݵĲرͼֳֹΣֻǾһֺ֣ܿʧҲûϢˡ
Īǣ
ţȻüͷ΢壬뵽˷ְҶݵĵط򡣶һ򣬲ĳ൶ɳĮô
ĪǣҶݣĲ֮أǳ൶ɳĮ֮еĳһء
뵽˵֮УҶݣֻڼ뼫֮൶ɳĮȻ伫֮أǺϣֻǷȱһ֮ڡ
ѵ൶ɳĮ֮Уһ֮أ˷֣պ佻㣿
ǰλǿߡļ屻𣬺˾ŰҶݵĲرͼҲʧշת֣֮ȴû˵ѰİҶݡ
ĪǣŲرͼǴ˿̰ǰţŲرͼȴ˳൶а̽൶У
ΪҪѪУȰԼʤѩסԼһҵȻýűͼͣø
õűͼԼأͲĶȥѰҹ
˼أ֪ԭأþûж


857 ȥ¥
վԭط㶵ͬʱȻٿһӰһ£ȻǸոȥĪʧġʤѩ˭
ǣ
¥վǰľϵĹͼȻȵҶݣ

ڱѣû¶ɫҲûһҪڸűͼ˽̵뷨һЦݵѯʤѩأոȥΪһϢޣͻȻʧ
ʤѩԣ¶һ˿ŹֵɫȻ˵ոҼҵĶ壬β׷ȥȴշֲһĻӰ᲻ţ
պã
Ȼ֪ʤѩԵĶ˭ܱ¼ҶӳƺΪ壬ҲֻǸžޣųƽŵġպ˰ɡ
ֻǣʤѩȻ˵ոռˣʧġպãĪЦ
Ǿ仰Ǿ㤣ġպãȻֻһĻӰ
˭ܽպװƼٻ棬˭ޱȵ֪ǵӶպõշʤѩأ
ǣʵȫһڱ֯ĵĻԣֻΪ˽Լղʧԭʵʼգûмʲôٵպ
Ҳ˲ʧջΪ˲ԼһԲŹ˵ء
֮󣬾Ȼһ㾪ȵıҲûУֻ΢΢һЦԭˣȻüƲߡ
ûѯʤѩǲļġ塱¸ղֻһĻӰҲûûеõƷΪͲɹʤѩ
ʤѩٿľûİҶݵͼȻһ˲䣬Ҳ˶ԷƣȴҲûѯʣǲǻƷ߸ɴԼٻ뷨
һЦɾˬʣεЦݡ
ãʤѩջЦݣ˵Ҷݣ˵Ǹţ˵ǰһλǿߣڴ֮أһδ׳εİҶݣȴβԶûժ׳졣
΢ЦţĻȥϧй¶ȴɥһСͬħѡǰµŰҶݵͼҲӴʧ
ʤѩǰľϵŲͼ۾΢ĪǣλǿѰݹͼĻ˵ٶȥҶݣ˵Ѿ׳Ҳһ
пܡ
˶һۣ൶Դ֮϶ǣȴƫԸ
ͼãҲ֪١ʱˡ൶һأµɱȴɷŹ
ʤѩڽϣ¶΢ЦԣǵļƻԾɲ䣬ȵ൶Ѫߣ൶а˳·ȥѰһҶݣҵȻãܣҲûκʧ
ˡ
̶Ƭ̼䣬߻Сջз¼ѾԺλ´˼Ƶĳ൶ڴˣǵľֻ¿϶ҪѪɣ
ǧ಼µĶƣԷУ͵ĶˣǵĿģ൶а̵ı뷨ȴûһı䣬Ӽ趨
൶һУǰʯͷԼĽţ׷һ

һһ𣬶ʱ潫ŹӱͼľϾֱԼĴС
߰ɣ
ڵһĻʤѩҲûб¶κ飬Ҳ΢Цͷãߡ
ûֱͣ߻Сջ漴ֱӽ൶ɳĮų൶а̵ڵأ൶Ѫߵķжȥ
ӭɳХɳϯ𣬶ǧ߸ߣγɳĮ籩
Ȼ˿ֲȻ֮䵽ʤѩǰȴƽأηֺ
ɳһȾΡȾ磬ɳѾֹǰֺˡ
һ·֮ϣɳççһƬκδׯҲһ˿ɫš
൶ɳĮ֮󣬱ɳð֣ȫǹɳЯɳĮжеɷͬ̿壬潣֮ϣѹȡá൶֮
·ҲգգѾӽ൶Ѫߵڵأ;һƬɳĮʯĵأżܼһ˿ѱ⣬ɳĮкеֲ
ʹ˶ӵȻУǿؼԼԿ˵顣
ʤѩ֮죬ʱ䣬߹ǧ֮أѳ൶ɳĮ
ֵǣ൶Сӣ֪Ȼ¼Ʋߣû;ѻǵǰŹ֡
һ·ƽ˾˹ɳһӰҲ˵̶ɳ񣬱൶ͽҲȫӰȫޡ
̶ɳûҲϾ˵Ѿ൶аգֻ±ԭеһЩ̶ɳҲѱ൶аɱһգɳµ̶ȻҲ߽൶ɳĮ
൶̵Ҳ֣Щ쳣ˣѵǴԼ˵˳൶Ѫߣǵϳ֮ټһʤ
а̣Ѫɽׯȶס֣ƾһССĳ൶ֹ̣ʤѩϴ֮٣
ԭõİ취ǲ壬ǧɳ֮Уõƣչѻ˷ʤֻԶȥ
Բ֪˶еһյ쳣ȴ֪Ǻԭ
ֱһյ磬ʤѩĿһڿǰ棬һ޴ĳɫɳɳȻʹɳĮ֮У಻ͱɳڸǡ
ټɳȻһˣĵģͷ·һƬ
ʤѩѰãȻ˼еĳ൶ͽ֪٣ƺһҹ֮䣬ȫǨͽȥȻȥ¥ˡ
⣿
ʤѩ֪ʲôԭˣϧȴ޿κΣ·һȭڿմ
Էսƾ˵ʵȻֱֺܷϣɱһǡ
Էսӣããɳ緽򣬲ǣʲôȥѰҳ൶а̵䣿
൶һţЩ˵֮⣬һ̣սˣЦ
ֻǣֲòǴ˾ٵĴΪ֪֣֮ȴƫƫҪӲȫûǲ޴
Իʱ൶а̵Ӧ֮һǰߣݱܷâ
ʤѩʵǿҲ൶ˣȻ޷񣬵ֲһֱڴ˵أˣпͲסӣֻ뿪
ǳ൶̣ͿԵԱ棬ܷչ
죬һƲɣһƣһΣȴǿճǼƣʤѩվǳ൶Ѫ֮ϣһʱãȻ


858 
ô죿
ʤѩһʱЩò⡣
Ǽ׷ɱȥ൶а̲ݣǾʹߣȥѰҰҶݿܵĲر㣿ֻʹ˶Уна̣ʥٺȼǾޱ
׷
գ˻˾
ν񾡣Ȼ֪һѶȣ˻ɱа̵ϢԷһ׼жԽѣ൶аһʹУҲпܱܶս
Ҳǻ
൶ɳĮãã޼ʣ˭Ҳ֪δֲϤ˵صĵΣпܾͱӳȥֻ޹
ǣһ£;ϣɲǵ磬ȥôҿ϶ǲҲѧ൶а̣һأ
ԣ֪ѣҲС
ʤѩˣܹ۲һ£ȻѰҳһпܵķ򣬼۶ȥ
Ȼȴ֪ȥûã൶Ѫ֮£һεĵ򿪣渲ǵĻɳ£Ȼһ塣
֮һĶ漴֣һȺ˴
Ϊ׵ģһѪɫ۵Ŀߣۣȴ㶼һоͯӣǴ˵еĳ൶ԣ൶棬ԼµĴѪͯӡ
һ˫ε۾ضʤѩʧķ漴Цһһֵܾ䣬һ˻ط֪ͨٴת¡
ЦԷʵǿվƭˡ
νΣյĵطȫĵطʤѩ֪ǣ㱻൶ˣһ
Էû뿪൶ѪߣǾͲѪ֮ףһʮصİУֻʤѩһȥֳ
ˣոռ˵أ϶뵽ǾȻͣ൶ѪߣԶ֮ڣпܻǰ൶ɳĮѰ
յأڳ൶Ѫߣңڵ
ǡ
һӦǣ൶ϰٵѪӰ׷൶ɳĮĴѰһƧ֮ز䵱ߡ
ǵ̽Χжʮ֮ԶֻҪʤѩϻأϾͻᱻǷ֣Ȼ֪ͨȥ൶ǣȻֿ˻س൶Ѫߵصס
һֻҪΣʤѩֻܰ׷ѹûģ൶ɳĮȥѰа̵鷳
ǳ൶̣ȴԱһأΪơ
аʲô³ǹʲô£
Ƿϣʤѩ˵Ժ󣬵չԵǼĵ½ǳ൶̵ķֲء
˵ǻмʤѩˡ

ʤѩһ·۶ȥ;ֵһЩ˿죬һ
Щ˵ĺۼҲʧҲѰ
ʱȥ̫ԶɳѾкۼ񣿻ǶԷ²µɱֻ֮ҵ
գ˷Ӧԣ϶ǳ൶Ⲽµɱ֮󣬲ȻĻôɣպþһ·ָǵˣȴԽԽԶ
Էпܻڳ൶Ѫڣ
˶Ǳˣһת䣬׹Լ˼пܱ൶а̸ˣˡ
һۣ˻Ȼһתֳų൶Ѫߵķж
൶Ѫ߶ʮﷶΧʱȻЩµ̷̽ǵټȻϱȥ
ʤѩ¸ϵ൶ѪߣȻٴ뿪һʧӰ١
״ʤѩüͷ΢壺ĪǣˣǹȻ뿪
˭Ҳûע⵽Ŀ⳯ĳص΢΢һƳȻ֮ǰڵϹµؽӡѾΪĨȥˡ
˻
һЦжƣϣԾһޱʧر飬ʤѩ߰ɣƶԷȷȥطһҡ
ʤѩϸ̽һ£Բһ漴ۣͬټãĬ֪ʲô֣ô⡣
ˣҲװޱʧر飬˵ͷãģȥҡ
ٴǶȥٶޱȣգʱ䣬ʧӰ١
뿪֮󣬳൶һˣٴƿذ壬ӰгʤѩӰü˵ǽߣջͽ޹޹
ȥʱڣֻǲٻˣǿԷĴ󵨵סȥûʮ£ǲңʹҲһΡ
һΣǵӦúľòȥ˰ɣ
Ӣ
˹Ц˵ʵȻǼɵģ˵̣һڳ൶̵ӣȴ޲ӣЦʮ
Ȼг൶а̵ĵӣԾϯƱյףħͷȥ֮ʱȻɫӰө֣˳൶ѪߵĿ߶ӭ洨Ϣڶ൶а̵ӣ¶Ц
ɱ
漴ԥ£һһңһֱɱ磬ȫ޷ĳ൶а̵֮Уʱâ˸£ûһ֮С
ħͷôˣôܣǲǱǵļƲƭ뿪𣿡
һڳ൶а̵ĵӣʤѩһ£ͬɫʹʱһŵĵ㺮ŵغ
൶Ѫڵ֮У൶ĴѪͯҲǱʤѩˣڽһɱµڶ൶̵ʱһʱĿΪ֮࣬ͬʱһ⡱ʶ˲á
ôǻģȻȥңȺ˵̽ۿȥ𣬻ΪʲôûѶϢ
൶ôҲû뵽֮ǰΪûע⣬ΪѾȥΣ֪Լߺ˻ط൶ѪߣƾʤѩֶΣôֲܷЩڻɳĳ൶̽
ֻҪͨ쳹һգҰ֮Уˣδ̬ʵߵͣһĿȻ
ƾʤѩʵֻҪ֪ص㣬γЩӣ׾٣˵ʵԷûзӦ㱻һһϢȻس൶Ѫߡ
ЩߣʤѩȥϢȻ޷൶֪һĻ
֪ӲˣҲûӣ൶ɫһСӣ˰ҶͼϷŹҵȡȻˣǱƴһս¹˭ֻδ֪أ
ŵϤƣ൶棬ĴѪͯӣһɱУڶĳ൶а̵ӣɱʤѩˣȻûá
ʤѩ״ֻǷֳһˣԸʣ³൶а̵ӣʤѩȴֱӱ൶棬ĴѪͯӡ
ʮУʤУ൶һãĴѪͯӣʤѩһʱ䣬Լȴһ֮ĺˣ䲻Ϊ
ȻôԼһֽ϶߽⣬ΪˮȥֻҪԼţлᣬ½Ƚոʢ
ɽڣûա
ʤѩôᣬ״̥ȻһɿֲĽ⣬ϸ֡
漴ĵɫ⣬ͬʱֻ֣һˣĴѪͯӣֱӾͷ­䣬Եڵأøɴޱȡ
ãӡ
൶״ӣʤѩѾ׷ϣе̥һ൶еĻѪҪֵȴԷǿĽ⹥
ͣ
еĻѪ̥Ķ֣ꡱһֱӴѿΪʮϰٿѪɫƬ
ʤѩе̥ѾֱӲ˳൶࣬ĺ͸
㣬㡭
൶ǲŵر飬һָָֻʤѩ֮Եһ棬ʹ䡣
ų൶䣬ߣҲг൶ͽ׽ѳ൶ڵ°еĲƸ֮˷У˵ػ
һصĳ൶а̣ڹӲд֮ڻӸ³ʹ˻ҷ
һأʹ˾ƽ


859 
վһͻɳ֮ϣңԭֺ׳۵ĳ൶ѪߣһһίΪ࣬ɳȥٹһ£ͻ᳹ױĻɳǣҲ粻ԭټ
ʤѩԡ
֮ˣ棬ٸߴΰĽҲֻܱûʷķɳУϸȥң˭ܲҵһ˿
ʱȥգҲֻܳίΪ˼𣬻ż̾ǣ򳹵״˵ʧ
żζһ£
Ӧ֮Գ൶а̻ע³ûнյʤѩҲģ
˲̫ĸ̾ʤѩҲҪ
ԣĿ൶Ѫߣ׻֮һ뿪ԭء
һΣȴֱУǼ㰴աҶͼϵ·ߣȥѰһ´˵еҶݡ
ҵȻãܣҲģ˲ڴϻ̫ʱ䡣
Ҷͼ֮ϱʾյص㣬Ϊ൶ɳĮһΪȡĵط
뵽˵УҶݣֻڼ뼫֮أ˲֡
ȣ˼飬϶вͬѰ֮˵Ǽ뼫㣬Ҳпܡ
Ȼû˵֣ҲΪʲô൶ɳĮԵһطⲻǰͼԳ൶ɳĮģһ·С
һߣ߰졣
ڣһգѾԶԶ൶ɳĮıԵɫĵ棬Ǳɳʯһγɵ׳ۡ
൶ɳĮ֮Ϊӹӻġëء꺮紵Σ
˵һˮն˳ϾܻΪ飬¶¶ʮȣڴ棬Եط㣬ȴԿ˼
ЩȶûʲôϵˣֻΪѰǴ˵еİҶݶѡ
ȻͼϣȻʾȾڳ൶ɳĮıԵͼֻʾһŷҪҲֻһָ׸ǳ̵ľ룬ʵλþٹ
ټççɳУȥתƣûʲôﵱ֪꣬Ⱦ⸽ˣȴ֪ȥȡ
˲Ŀ൶ɳĮԵطҲûʲôͬȣȣǸӵֵɽȣλȴأ
գ֮£ֻһһһң˴мһ㣬߷ȥҳѰ˻ϡ
У͸ٶܽΣ֮˱뿪
鶨֮ҲԥԷֿʤѩң˸ų൶ɳĮĵߣһ·ǰѰңɽȣ˾Щĵطض˹ȥϸѰ
ƾ˵ٶȣأգ۹꣬Ȼ;Ϊ־ȡĵط飬գһʱ䣬˻˸Եأصԭλá
֮˲һЦεһ̯֡
ʣֻǵı飬Ҳ֪һˣض޹ˡ
ϢһҹڶգٴǰУһξܽΣ֮ڴ˻ϡ
һΣ߳˰ȻĽһһã;ɽȵǲټȽҲУûһܸ˵Ҷݵ
գ֮ٴλصԼĵص㣬ӿЦ㶼ףһԼˣҪôǱ൶ˣˣŲرͼǼٵģϸûʲôȣҶݵȵ
ڶҪôǱͼΪ棬׺ɣȥ˭֪൶ɳĮıԵûȥѹһݣ
Ⱦпܻڳ൶ɳĮ֮ڻѾڳ൶ɳĮķΧûоʶ˸֮ܰطһ顣
ʮʱ䣬ľǰװ˷ˡ
ȻвʣԼõʱ䣬գǻǾäĿѰȥֱ뿪ǰа̣ʥٺȼǾޱ֮ࡣ
Ȼû뵽ǡ
ǽҪ뿪ʱ򣬶ȻԱһ޴ǵأ;ľɰʯ𣬶һգ¶һһðɭһȴǺɽȡ
ǣȣ
ʤѩˣȻ۾ֻϢ١
Ȼ˴ûмȵʵģΪֲ㱻ߣɽھ൶ɳĮϰĵطֻǵһۣ˾ͿԿ϶Ǳŵͼʾɡ
֮˿϶ΪΪԱ߱־һ֣ҹ֮ŭ֮ף㣬ȡ
ߣ
޾ĿƣʤѩһҪٽͼϵָʾֱӾͳǸͺ⽻ҫɽȣ۶ȥ
̶Ƭ̼䣬һζգۣѾվΧվһ߷ϣ¸漴ҲΪȻ澰𺳡


860 ɷ
ǰɽȣƺԹ񹤣Ȼиһһۣ۴ƺǧޡ
۴죬˿˿棬Ͽձһ㣬Ƹһ㣬졣
һ֮һСݣӵ罣һҶ̾Өʮֲ
ǰҶݣ
ʤѩԼ۾ô򵥣͵õ˰Ҷݣӵд˱ͼˣӦͰժȥˣǣ
û˼֮¡
뵽ˣ˶Ҵ⣬ҶһۣȷûΣ֮С֮ǰ
Ȼһǰоͬ
ڹ֮ʱоһ룬˲䣬ֻڵĵһڣȻڿʧҲӣһţ˲оƺһźɫΧΧʲôҲʲôҲо
޵԰µ󷨱;Ȼˡ
ǵĽ룬ͼ֮УиӦȻһҵĺ֮磬ȻͷɫĹ飬һͷɢɢǿҵɷϢʤѩƮ
ǣɷ飿
ţʤѩ֪Щɫʵ˹Ź֮أҲ򵥲ȥ
Ʈ飬һͷͷƮͷƮʤѩ
ʤѩȻԣЩ飬ػҶݵĿֲ֮һûЩ飬Ҷͱ˲ժߣ졣
ϣ
µ񣬺òҵȣ֮ңһ籩ġ
ˣʤѩֻҼֲ꣬Ǳɳڵص׵ȣ뿪
ǣȻϧò׵Ļᣬô뿪˻ԵҪǣ˾㶼ǽһߣҶݣǵջ̫ˡ
ӭͷ飬ȻڵڿʧһһӾͳգҴ⣬ֱһ֣˴μƷâһһͷٴȥ
ƾʱʵȫ֣֮âķһֻѰнװ벽ĶǿߣҲҪԵͷˡ
ǣһĻˡ
Ľδϵͷ飬ȻƺǰӦһ㣬ڽм˲䣬Ȼһ֣ȻһĽ࣬һӶȻУΪһ塣
ֻ֮
һĻܲԾ
鲻ֶûʵ壬һ÷ֻ֮Ǿͼɲˡ͵ڣʤѩʲôУ
ζ˺⼸ͷɷ飿˵ᱻ⼸ͷɷɱ
ʱ˿̣һ˲䣬ͷ飬ǣǡǴȻſڣ³ɫš
΢ŵһ㣬˲оҪʧɫյϢرȫëףȻ·޹ǰ㳯ǰһ
ӽɾϻľ֮绯֡
ʱ˳ʱ䣬Ȼһֱ޵ģǷؾŹǣļžѧҲûлķϣȻڻʱ
ԣԭСɾĴ绯֣ѴǣһʹʱһǿҵľӿҪЩɢ
ǣЩȻͬʵһ㣬绯ֵͣȻҲֺ
ӽɾĴ绯ǺãǴ򣬳
ʣҲ֪һʴϣж¡
ԣ´󺧣ɫѥ֮Űͼͬʱ𣬶κȻһΣԿ쵽ĿѼٶȣֻһͱܿʮɾ룬һξ롣
Ȼ಻ȡһϢʱѣΪһ֮£ȻǺǡ³ʵٴλƮ
ٶȣ˵³УضţʱܣҲûˣֻ׸
ˡ
ĿٵسһһƳҲʤѩͬ˹ϲã֮ɢĿɱء
ƺ֪ΣգʤѩϣһبĽ⣬ȻܵĿռ䣬¶˲½ʮߣȻԱ
ЩɫţˣƺסΣãһһƮ׹ʤѩ䣬УöɫĽ⡰̥ȻһĨ˪
ʱ⽣⣬ƣ
·ʱ䱻һĽ⣬һš
һΣʤѩһͷϣͷܲҲûղһһͻ˲Զֿһº£Ρ
Ƿ֨һҽУ˱ܿߣϵƺɢһЩ
ʱ⽣⣬Ч
״һߵҲһ񣬶ʱ׹Щ飬վǶйֶߵġ
һЩ̺ĹǾܲˡ
ԣףȻڲɱǣվǵͬĹʮΰ˴Σܽһͷ
̺Ĺ
뵽ˣ۾Ҳˣ漴еâƶȻһ䣬ԭֱֱȥâˣ̺һıоУȻһͷһ㡣
ͷһ٣ٴηΪ룬Ȼغһ𣬿ǰһĻһģһ
ز˲ͬΪһͷ飬ƺһ㱡ı˪ʹĶɱԭ˰֡
Ȼۼ˵ֹȷǲЧá
ȻĿǰûǿ󣬵أֻҪϵضʩĹӳʱ䣬ҲȽսʱˡ
Уȷ죬̶Ƭ̣ڵѾʧʮ֮
ⲻŸտʼսϢѣٶȥһ㲻ʤѩͻΪһˣ޻֮
УʹʽÿһеģѰʱ߰˱ʮ
Ҳ˵һ֮ڣʤѩ֣ܽҶݣȴǵģֻ
ԣץˡ
۾һ䣬ٳıζһ֣һи֮⡣


861 ϵԪ
һ֮У˻֮еı˪壬߽׻ü֮йǿģˮиеи塣
һһ˪֮ܵĿռ䣬΢΢ѣֵһ
ͷɷ飬һȻܵһ˲ٴηֿںϵٶȣȴʮֹϣ΢ɼѺۡ
Ч
״Ȼϲһͷɷ֮У࣬һâ㣬ͷɷ顣
â֮ϣ˪壬и壬еĻ壬ѩ֮еĳٻ壬׷ʹ֣ȴǼʮеļ壬ɷЧǿ
һһͷɷ飬ϵ̹Ҫ֮һ彣֮󣬵һͷɷȻǵڶͷͷ
գڣֻʣƽһҵʱ𽣣һԵʤѩҲǡڴʱԼǰĶ֣ȻعͷӾһЦ
ǰΪûнӴԵ׹һҵ֮Ҳͺˡ
ˣʤѩǲҴ⣬Ϊ˭Ҳҿ϶Щɷ飬һ˳ӽҶˡ
Ȼǳ档
ʤѩͼԼʮ֮ʱ򣬱
ͼ֮УƮڵϿմĳɫͻȻһ󼱾ķ֮󣬴УȻҲͷͬСĹ飬һΣȴǻɫġ
ɫι飬ģһģһüëӶУ˲Цûи飬ֱһģһˡ
ңϵĻϢԶѰȻȸղŵɷǿ
˻ǧ顣
ãȻûô򵥡
ʤѩЦղһĻţֻҪҵƽ֮ʹǿҲؽ֮ޡ
״ҲһЦη壬̬԰
׾ٵõкοɹ֮Ϲأңһһ롣
á
ʤѩֻشһ֣漴ٲԥһһңͬʱǰͷ飬սƬ̺󣬾ͷ㣬Ǿǣ庮䡣
ղţü壬ɱͷɷ飻Σȴֱ˪ʺϣÿһнʽ֮У˱֮ѩ֮ĵ壬ȻȸղŷһЩ£Ǻܿɱͷ顣
û뵽ǣɱͷ֮ϣȻһָ׸ǴСĳɫʯƮ䣬֮£һȴɴϲ
ȻеĻϵ΢֮ǰҲûмƷʹ˵еĳƷǺϡ
Ծʯ
ؿǧ磬컯ϡ֮Ԫʯһ֡
ԪʯҲһ࣬ҲƷ֮֡
ͨķ࣬ԪˮԪˮ
Ԫˮ˵֮ǰյһ֣Ԫˮʺκι岻˿Σգڣͨһ־ʯ
ǣԪˮ֮ϣһָΪϡΪϡٺͺģԪˮ
ǱǴ˿յɫʯԪˮԪԾʯ
Ծʯ̺ԲͬлϵԪˮϵ޾ϵԪľϵ޾ϵ޾ȵȷֱ𣬻иΪϡٺĺڰԪԪϵԪϵԪȱƷ֡
ҪͨԪˮףֻҪԪḻ֮أмСĿܣҪϡٵԾʯյϵԪǱˡ
ΪһҪͬԪңĻϵԪɹ
֮䣬ԪӲȻҲࡣ
һԣյԪԪཻӣľˮϵУֻǷٵĲͬ
ԪֻнʺԼһУһԪ֮Уʺ߱ģʮ֮һٷ֮һ
ľų࣬Ҫһųȥ
ԣҲЧʵ£Ԫˮôϡصԭ
ΪֱԪȥʣѰԼʹԪͻ˴ʱ䣬޷һһҲ޷޶ȵΪ
ԪˮֱͬգȻֻҪһתḶܻ́ΪԼڵʵԪ̱ٶȻҲ
ǣһ㣬ԪˮʹˣҲɲԪˮߵô
Ϊܼ׼ģԪսڣҪһתḶ́ʮԼһˮȴһ̣Ҳʡԡ
ϵԪڣȻǴޱȣǧ£ѱǧһ˿ĻϵԪ
ԪֱھһȦܱ߿ɹʹõĵңƷʣܻУѹĵ֮ϣֱʡһѹĹ̡
һ̣ܴı仯Զ׼ģеʱ䡣
һˣͬڷ̶ܳһһԪʯһԪʯнȣһ죬һء
Ȼݳ޵ֱñԪˮģʮϡ٣ҲͻʱĹؽʱ̣ʹһ飬ƽʱ˴󷽡
һҪԭ򣬾Ծʯϡ١
ˮᣬʺԼԵԪʯǸǺޱȡ
ҪԪʯҪǧУĳطһֱͬһԪ֮£мССĸʣһԪ
ҪͬһֻĳһֵԪͺǧУҲܱ任пʹеľжϣȻѵá
Ԫʯͬһ飬ֵܼҪԶͨԪˮʮһٱһδܻһ顣
Ȼ٣мСССĸʣΪͬһص㣬ԪĹУͻ仯ĳЩ򣬾ûγʧܣγ˸ϡкϡԪϵϵڰϵϵȻѵá
Ԫˮǧ飬δյһ飬ȻֹʿҲʿУٵһ֣һ޳ɣҲ󣬳
ԣȻһ㣬дͨԪˮλʿսͷǳɲˡ


862 ݵ
УöɫľʯȻ㶼ָֻ׸ǰС̺ĻϵҲȽ΢
ʣĻϵԪˮɣֻǻûг׳ͣһİƷԼƷԪˮѷһ
ˣöƷϵԪʮֹأԶԶͬԴƷԪˮһöֵԼԴƷԪˮ屶
ǳƷƷϵԪǼֵǸߴԴƷԪˮʮˡ
еԵöƷϵԪֵԼ൱ʮöԴƷԪˮļֵ
ҪС
ֻҪһ£֮ǰõǶʮöԴƷԪˮʮöָʤѩʣʮԹ»࣬һҵʱ䡣
ʮöһʮ죬£ӽꡣ
ֵʮ־˵ġ
Ȼ˵ĿǰеҪˮϵϵԪˮû̫ã˵ˡ
ĪˣǰҲһʱĻϵȻֻǰƷҲʮֲ
һĹȵ֮·֣Լ֮ǰĴ֮ʵ侫裬滹һȫµľͼס
ȫµľͼף֮ȻȫеĵƷ֮¡
ʱΪ˹պˣ޷棬޷Դ˹öƷϵԪȴܽЧܷӵ󻯣ٶȱ
Ȼͨ϶ҪѣѪ
ɾڣָպһſԽκֵתɱϹؾؾ
ؾͿԽöƷϵԪɵĴյתҪ
һȻǡ
Ȼ̿϶΢鷳һ㣬ҲʱһЩ
յԪˮʣ࣬һ£ͽϡ
ȻֺʤѩѪɽׯԼ֮൶а̵аħ֯ȴûǵĲرУµԪˮټ
Ҳ֪ԪˮϹ£ѾΪϡ٣ϻӰ
УҲЩصأ֮ǰǿĹѨ£аżȻ֮ңǣȴÿһаħպöܵõּƷ
ԣºʤѩ̣õ٣ǴƷԪˮȴֻм񱦿зֵһΡ
һЩƷԪˮȫ֮֮ͽٴνƿ״̬ٶһδ󽵡
Ҫ뱣ٶȣȡһʱ֮ڣͻнװ벽ȻҪϧһдۣŬŬѰһΪıˡ
ϵԪˮȻ鷳һЩֻҪؾܽתͲ
ȻʹͨԪˮٶȻȽһЩϾһͽתʱ䣬ǣԻٶҪ
ȻȽ˷һЩϾϵԪˮΪʺϻϵߣˮϵ
ǣȽʧϵԪ˵Ϊǿ߶˵Ҫ顣
ĸʣ˵ƷĻϵԪˮǸصĶҲۡ
ֻȻõƷϵԪˮȽ˷ܣϾǴ֮УȻͷ飬ɲþһȫ
ԣڲϵԪʱֱӽս֮漴ʤѩǱߡ
ȴҲǡڴʱҲͬԼԵͷ飬ٶһ㲻ǡɵǣԣͷǧ飬ҲһͷһƷϵԪˮ
ʤѩȻտʼһ£Ͼ
֮Ϊ¼ҵĶүСʶ㣬ѧԨԴȻҲúܶೣ˲֪ĳʶ
֮ǰδʶ˼аеõԪˮǰ࣬һ룬˲׹
ʹҲǲɴϲϽӣ֪ҲõĻϵԪˮ֮˲ɵһЦ
漴ҲɸܵԼڣڶսһյĵ֪ԼˣУֵܼʱ䣬಻ʮϢ
Ҳɫ˲䣬ԭϲɫɫء
ʱ䲻ˣͼУΣգǾˡ
ô죿
˶ӣǣֻԥһ˲˾ͬʱ˳Ŀ겻ǹ⣬ȻǽߵͼеҶݡ
һϢʤѩͼ
Ϣɫ䣬ֻ絶Ϊʧ޷ʩչ޷赲ʵʵɷ硣
ʶԶˣһƷҾ绹ͣϻһμƷη¡͡
η¸ǵĵطãûеĵط˲䱻иѪۣɼ׹ǡ
ʤѩҲзȴܴﵽμƷȼ
еҲƺʮֲ˵Ҳܼһʱ䣬ңʹǿͷҲ亹ʳϪ
Ȼû˳ֻɷһηѶˡ
ףΪʲôλǿûгҶ֮ʱˣԭδؾҪȵ䳹׳죬ǸûͣժҶݡ
ЩõҶͼˣܣһûüͱ˻ɱͼᣬȻժ˰Ҷݡ
Ǽʹң˵õͼҵ˵أ˴˰Ҷݣһǿ仹δ׳죬ҲǽǼͷ飬ǰˣɴѣŽ˲˴˵ء
һԭЦǾǣʤѩһѰգҲȵڡ
һƿϵĻɳʤѩҲֻܿճֱͼ뱦ſڿֶ顣
Ǹ൶棬õ˱ͼ֮ԿϽ͸ʤѩ뿪Եһԭǣ϶ҲҲȵڣ֪ŰҶͼ٣Ҳ˷ѡ
ż飬ʤѩǴͷΪѰұص뷨ѰұصĹвѣȻ̵ְ
ȳУֵݣֲѴ֮κȫ
ΣˣʤѩȻŸ磬ֱﴳȥӲҪһ̣Ҷݸߡ
ȻѾ˺ģ뻢ѨɵûӣȻһеġ
룬漴ַֹ֣̹ܵи꣬ܵһ۰ʹʤѩкȻ
ѹǸߣǿߣȣժǰҶݡ
ֻʮͷ飬ÿһͷٶнװ벽۷壬߽װ벽ʵһ˾ѾǶ֡
ܣ㣬ȣܲʹֻ࣬бڴˡ
ǣʤѩ½ѵһľ콾Զǳ񣬾Ȼܶʹ࣬ڵϢ˲䣬Ѩ۵롣
ǿμƷ£ܵʹСһԥһץҶݣ漴һɿֲ⣬īС֮ɢɽɳڣͬʱ𶯣
ߡ
ٹ˲ȫ깦ȼҪһԿη·һǣ˸ͳɽ֮⡣
ʤѩ׷˲һͷ亹ӿЦһѣһڵأ̶ֻƬ̼䣬˳Ḷ֣́ȴõġ
ԼյҶݣһߵʤѩͬʱ۾


863 
ϢƬ̣˸ͳһҩ£彥ָڵ˷Ҷݵʱˡ
ֻһ꣬ҶȴаƬǹͬӵеİҶݵͼǹͬѰ֣ͬͬõ˵õһЩ͹еġ
˵ʤѩδشӦ
ʤѩӦҲģˣ֮ȻѣҶȻ󣬵УȻûʤѩ
ˣֱӿʤѩ΢Цʵһһ룬ûɣ
ûС
ʤѩҲЦˣһ˼ȴȻĳһ飬֪ûȤһ
Ŷ
ΪǶ԰Ҷݵķ䷽ʲôȥȴԽԽȣʤѩȷ
ʤѩصͷԥصȷ
Ŀ΢ڵͷãҾͳȫֵļ֮顣
˵ֱ꣬ӽİҶݷһУС𣬶һ֣ԴУöͬСֻʽͬĽɫС
𽣣һβһţͷ֮ǰӺ֮ϲµջõ֮һȽ𽣡
һк֮ӰȻҲǴӺϵõһ𽣣߽𽣡
𽣣ǵ˽֮һڶİСеǱȽ𽣣һдɽʵһɶõ
ֻʵ𽣶İҲԽԽСˣΪ˳װ벽󣬲˵ȫûã٣ҲǺܴ
ǣգõҶݺû뵽ʤѩȻ˵ԸԼӦõǰҶݣȣ𽣹黹¼ҡ
˾٣ԣȻռıˡ
ϾֻԽԽС𽣣ȡһʵƷݣ˭Ҳ֪ѡ
ʤѩȻᣬһĸԸ֮õӣȻܲӦֵû
̼ǵõʤѩ͵˽ʱ׿¼Ҳ𽣹黹¼ҡ׷أСıܡ
ͬʱŵõ¼ҵһ죬һ𽣣ԶһһŵȻ
¼ŵҶݣԷ׬˻ǿˡʣȻʤѩԸ⻻ûеӦ
ҵǣʤѩ֪õ¼ҵǽ𽣵ϢȻ𽣽ǰҶݣͱ뿼ǣΪѣδԸһˡ
ȣ߽𽣣ԽԽСһ𽣣ȴ¼ҵãϷˣΪ˸жձѩãͬʱȳ丸ԽǱĶ𽣡͡
𽣡ҪԶȺߣǹʣܽ¼ҡ
ڶ֮ڣ⻹һ֮һͨʱСţ֮⣬ƽʱ¶ǰġ
Ѿعչȣռ崫к׼ѩãʱ仹û֪ӵ𽣵Ϣһɱﵡ
ǹʣʤѩ֪ȻᣬʤѩᣬɵҲ黹¼ҡ
ΪһԭȻͬʱ䲻̣Ҳֻɱаħ𽣲ͬ𽣣ܾͲ׬Կˡ
ȽڰҶݣʱ𽣣Ͼ𽣣սĴ
˽黹ûеĳ̶ȣȻ޳Ҳ黹¼ңϾ˽Ǵ¼ã¼ʧ֮һҲû
𽣵ݽʤѩǰʤѩӹһϲõУϸ˰Σȷǵ¼ҵӮߵ𽣣ʱһ
С봢УĿڵ֣лˡ
ҡҡͷ΢Цûж˵ʲô
ʤѩǷȻǾԼ׬ˣ֮ѣ֮һôıݣȻף˭׬˭
˸ԵõԼҪ֮ȻǽԴϲԭؾһᣬϢ˰Σڻָ˴жٲɣ򶫱ȥ
ϣϣأĴа̾Ѿƽֻʣаʥ٣ȼǾޱԼ£˾ˡ
񾡣ȻѾĸʣҲ𣬻سһ̫ƽ

֮أǰ·ңԶҪϡ
µʱ䣬Ҳ
·Ϣʱ䣬һ߼մƷԪˮԪиٶȵĵһߣʼţʼյһƬҶݽҶ֮ϵĽ⣬ԴʶеǿӰԴٽγɱɽӳˡ


864 꽣
ҹͨҪ¶⣬ʮһƧɽȡ
ʤѩһߣ
ʱ⽥ţתѹȥʱȻеʤѩһɵ¹⣬滪ĿһƮѲ⣬棬о
ԭĹΪ¼ҶƷ֮ʱӦϺ˪ʱⷬ澰ȴӵС
ȻֹʤѩҲԼĻŹ֮ǿ󣬺ʣӦԶƷҲӽƷĲΡ
и˵ܣڴ˵㣬֪ʤѩкⲻ׽̩֮Ȼ̽
һʱоеĴƷԪˮڵѾӯˮټӵʱͣ
ν֮һһۣһζڷܿޣұ̫һøԶֱӾͻϡ
ǹʣʵͬʱҲΪķ¿ռ䣬һ޵ߣӦ顣
ԺİԼʱ䣬ΪҪģ⣬Ǽʹ֮ǰڱչأ֮ʱҲżһ»绯ֵȴйŵеõĵΪԭ
ڣȻἱȥǼŽɵĴеǿ˿ɫʱ仹ֱ֣֮ӴУͳǷаҶݵĺС
Уһ˪ûԥָһƬҶһȡʮ֮һĽҶֱ֣֮УȻУ۾
ˣ
ڣ˲䣬ΪһϢͬһب˪˲ӿľʶ
Ҷݣ׶ΣЧͬҶΪͽ̬ҩЧֻбγѪϵҶΪм̬бϵҲǹ˵Ӧ
ͨһ˵˽һ˾ǽˡ
Ҷ֮ʱҩЧǿΪ̬бѪӦͣӦ⣬ʣصģһЧá
âǿҲΪμƷ֪һԼͻƷһμƷ;벻ķˡ
ھðҶݣԼϵʱ֮ڣȻսͳԶȴǴ˷ѡ
۽磬ʶðҶȽһԼһıҲҪƷ𣬿ϧĿǰǿıҲֻμƷǹȻ˷ѡ
Ҫ޶ȵطҶݵļֵȻֻܵȣȵԼӵмƷı˵ǺȻ֮ڣ԰쵽顣
ƷǴײˣһǿţҲӵ£аɽͻƷӵһƷȻףֻ²ڶ
ǣֻҪûͻƷõһƷǾϼѣΪųɾŵļƷڶڸţ򶥼ǿߵУһ䣬ҲͨȾָġ
ĶҪǿҵɱԸΪ֮Ϊ֮Ѫģ֪
ԣطĻϹǿߵĹѨпܵõһµļƷЩǺѵ֡
Ҿ㵽֣ҲδؾҪ֣޽һ͵ı硰𻷡еǶԽ𻷣ȻͬΪƷкã
ֲý
ǹʣ֮ڣٽ׷֮ǰԵûеõƷĻᡣ
ȻˣôʱҶѩأԺ׷֮ãҪôֻ˷ҩâںϣǺȻҪġ
޵ڼ˭֪ܲܵȵ׷õƷ֮ʱ䲻ˣãڿջɽȴҪǲΪ
ԣԸݻбĽУ㹦ܣԼʶеķӰȡսɹ޵֮ʱΪһҲɱﵡ
ʵõӰѾȥ˺ܳһʱ䣬һֱþ䲻֪˶ٱʣǳɳΣ
öӰʶ֮ѹгֻǣӰǿ󣬳񣬼ʹˣֻԾ߽ͣȴûг׳Ρ
仹ʮǣʮѪ⽻ڣͰɷɽ׶Σ֪ãԱֻȡ
Ͻ꣬Ҳǲܵģʱ䣬һݵľ⣬ڷӰ֮ϣĳ䣬ӵ˽âͽ⡣
ӰԽĪ⣬ڴһܡ
ԣְҶݣһֱʮǽ׶Σǵʱܷľ⣬ؽǣΪĶֶ֮һ
𽣣޷ǧܣǿ붼ĺ

뾫ʶ˲һɫӦǣǿɫС
ǿɫ顱һб仯ɫһЩȴƺСһЩһָΪǿĸоӯͷ
Ľ⣬ɽҶƬУǼ䣬һһǿɫ֮ϣӰһʱ𣬾һַƮҡ֮С
ʶʹ췭ظȴǿʹҧأʶȫھʶֻǿɫۿ
нʧСʱ֮нȫʧӦеľʶǿɫѾտտл⣬ԼԼγһСŷɽ״


865 ʥ
СŷɽֻԼһָխӨɢâ֮⼴ʹʶռ䣬Ҳ괫һʹС
һɽ֮ϵһƽ⣬ָˣǰʮɴһһָ
ͣ
âǡ
ָ⣬ƶȻһӨӨĽ⣬ֻһ䶯һ̣ԶʮɴȻһ٣漴Ȼ
ҳеʤѩ̧ͷԶľĿֻһ٣漴һߵ
ĹȣֻˣԵ޹ʵȻ֣Ǿֻпˡ
Īǡ
̽ѯĿЦһЦ̽ǷӰ꽣ļһΣٱȫ֣˲˷Ӱ꽣֮ϵнâ
һ̣ϣһ͸Ĳһţһָָһָ˲һͬһٲɳԶһСɽ
һ̣ǵСɽϣ޴漴ʤѩ𺳵ĿУСɽӵײֱί٣Ϊɳ
ķѣʯɣֱʧͬΪΪ΢Сۼɼ΢ӡ
⣿
һֹ̣ʤѩԼҲΪԼһָе𾪲ѡ
ԤӰ꽣ܳ񣬵Ҳû뵽ᳬôࡣ
ֹ޴󣬼ֱһöСͺ˵
Ӱ꽣ѾܴﵽԤڣ⻹ֻ˰ҶһƬҶ֮ϣʮ֮һҵĽҶ֮ȫϣôﵽεȿµĵز
ֻ±ǵзǿߣһ費֮£ҲҪһ˰ɣ
ɱﵣвھͳȵպðҶݵĽ⽫Ϊǿ󣬸ΪԵһɱ
Ȼ
ܻչʾʤѩʱףȻûв´˰ҶеŲôɲƻЧ
Ȼ֪ʹõİҶݣʤѩζ֪һ׬ˡ
ֻһƬҶʮ֮һʧƬȡ¼𽣣˿̾˵׼׬ǿˡ
ǸĿ⣬Ȼ룬һеʤѩûΪ֮ǰеһ˿أ
Σʤѩһֻ֮ЦЦȴûԼ£û˶˵Ĺϵ˿ļ϶
ֻҡҡͷûж˵ʲô漴ٴαĿ⣬ֱԹԵ
һĻҲûжʲôȻʤѩ⣬ֺαô飿
˵һУҲȫΪҶݵ֮ǰʮֿɲҶݲǽȴ˵ʱ䡣
ƣֻеʱðҶݵĽȥǷӰ꽣ܷ츲صı仯һ죬Ҳڴ

ʱ䣬һһȥʤѩɽԽ룬ҹޣ붫֮ԽԽ
תۣ뿪ѹʮ죬ۿҵʱ䣬ܸϵа֮һʥٵڵأʥɽ
ʮʱ䣬ʤѩһ߸·һдƷԪˮ֣˵Ϊǽչɿ죬Ѿﵽװ벽۷壬ʤѩͻнװ벽Ҳֻһ֮ң
֮ڣ˾ͽ½ͻƣװ벽ڣʤѩ򽫿װ벽ƿ̤нװ벽Ĵš
Ϊ֮⣬꽣֮·Ҳʮ˳һиһСƬҶзãһƬĽҶԹʮ졣
ʮʱ䣬պýһƬݳȫʼյڶƬҶ֮ϵĽ⣬ʶеķӰǳ׷ΪͣӨȻ忴ӨϾϵĽ⣬ȴϵһʱǿࡣ
ڵȫ߶Ӱ꽣±޷ֹֻƾϸŵĽ⣬Ҳ˲ƽһСɽ
ܵ䳹׳ͣԻֻܴﵽ˵еĳգҹβ飬һɱڰٲǧ֮ˡ
ûÿǼֲиţҲûӰ꽣ÿֻǰͰڸϵ˶֮أһ޴İɫɽ֮¡
˵أǶ½а֮һʥٵڵأʥɽ

ʥ٣а֮һʥ֮ΪһΪǿĶ֣ԺšʿΪ˼Ϊ°ϲ£һʥۣ˵ʮͷޡסƳɣ쳣ݳ
ʿʩΪٴﵽ߽װ벽ڣʥ٣֮⣬֡
ħ塱壬һƷġħ塱Ȼɱ֮£óɱյ˲ξУڷ
ħ塱壬Ϊнװ벽ڣʵսнװ벽۷塣
֮⣬̫ϳϣ͡ǧһ뻯ʮֲףΪװ벽ڣһ̫ϳϡɲ棬ҲһλŮӣΪѨ۷壬ʵսҲгװ벽ս
Ĵ󶥼֯İʥ٣ȻʮֲƿΧԲǧأ޲ͷһʱȻʢ˸ҷ


866 Ǿޱʮ
һа̣ȼǾޱͰʥͬ
Ĳͬţͽ߰ˣȫŮӣһûС
Ҳ˵ȫһŮ֯ɵš
ȼǾޱĽСɫǾޱз֮ʵǿ֮ˣΪﵽ߽װ벽ڡ
£ǿ֣һǸɫǾޱ̣Ϊﵽнװ벽ڡ
һˣȼǾޱ֮УǿһǾޱʮĶӳҲ׳ƵĵһɫǾޱسΪΪװ벽ڡ
ȼǾޱ֮⣬»ӢӣģɡɫǾޱسǾޱʮǷֱԵһڶֱʮˡЩΪš
ǾޱһɫǾޱسڶɫǾޱԣɫǾޱ꣬ɫǾޱޱʮɫǾޱѩ¡
ʮˣȻ˵һɫǾޱسΪﵽ˳װ벽˶ֻѨڵѨ۷徳磬޵ڶλ벽
ʮˣѾãóһ׺ϻ󷨣һһλ߽װ벽
ԣ濴֮У԰ʥٽǿΪʥٵΪǿȼǾޱĽɫǾޱ
벽ҲȼǾޱΪʥٵİ벽λȼǾޱֻ֮λ
ʵսУȴȫŮ޵ΪȼǾޱʤһһԴ˭ʤ˭˵
ǹʣʤѩɱ׼ŵ鷳ȴнһڣҲǰʥ٣׼Ƚ˰ʥ٣ǰȥǸȼǾޱ
ȻҪԭʵΪʥٵ̳λãȼǾޱѡַԲһʥڵİʥɽ붫Ҫ
ƽʱȻǶʺλҪ壬λʮҪȼǾޱڵλãǾޱɽׯȴƫƧ࣬ڶ֮ǣʥɽһյľ롣
ʤѩ֮ؽ붫϶Ҫʥɽʥǿʤѩֻǵ鷳ǿ֮ǿ
ηչʤѩ˴ʱʵһССİʥ٣ʵڲǻ¡
ʥʿʩԲʤѩκһ˵Ķ֣ˣʥٵĵӣҲԸһˡ
ʥ٣ӦѶȡ
ǺȻ˳൶һ£ʤѩ֪Լʢ⣬ڼ̽ϼ̣Ѫɽׯаֵ֮ƽ൶š
ڣǸɵҲ֪ҪͼһĿ꣬϶λİʥٺȼǾޱҪ˵ûһ׼ԱֶΣ˭Ҳš
ǹʣɽ֮ʱʮֽ̬ȣûиһ˿ɣΪ·;֮Уʱ塣
ǣһ·֮ϣƽ˾ʲôݽ׶û
ֱһа̾ɽţһͨɽԷ֪ǵ߸ûǷ
ֻߣ統ĳ൶һ㣬֪УܶսҪôҪôڵ£Ӧսпô
ֻǣô
ȻѾĲ룬˴˴ܲΪԷпѾȫתֱ뿪ζҪɽ鿴һ£Էֺ͵൶һ£ֻǲڵ£תأ
׻˵Σյĵطȫĵط˭Ҳ֪ʥٵô룬ǹʣʤѩһ·ϡ
Ȼϵɽǰһûֺ뾫£ľ޴ɫ㽨Ҳɵôסˡ
סģǽ֮Ⱦ޴İſֱ֮ϣֱƶмǺ׸羫£ǧ١
˴סģԤпտյһ˵񲢲෴֮£ѹŵģȴȺǧˡ
ǧˣֳӪȫһ£ؿһö״Լнǧˣһ֪ȫǰʥٵĵӡ
ұߣһ£һöǾޱȫΪŮӡֻǰվһſʮ˾ڣɫвͬȻϺڰңɫС
ЩȻǰʥӦеĵӣװΣֻҪɵϣһҲܿóЩˣȫǶһа̣ȼǾޱĵӡ
ǰģǵƣǾޱʮ
ͷߣһ£Լʮ壬òϱ־ϢΪǿ󣬲Ҳ֪ؾνǾޱһɫǾޱسװ벽ھ硣
мλãһЩɫӰˣʱƴСͽȫһɫſֻţм䣬ȴһ˸ܣˣֻǿţվ֧棬ҲдԼˡ
ʥһǧӣȼǾޱ߰ͽټŲ֪Ӻδʱƴճ֧ƶ飬Լһǧˣӽǧ
һС֡
Ȼ˾ģЩ֣ЩΪΣȻһˣ
ʤѩϣûһۣһ֮ȴǺȻףԷȷԼϰ㣬֪Լؽɱڡ
ԣӦԣ˼ƲߣȴԼ룬Ч൶Ų԰ıܶսǴֱǿǿ֣ٹЮһǵСһ֧ǧ˵㼯֮ԼɱҲҪԼ޹
룬һļƲߣ
ʤѩվǰǽӽʮλİ벽ĸ֣֪Ǿǰʥٵ̫ϳϣԼȼǾޱĽǾޱһټλСԣҲﵽ˳װ벽ĲΡ
һʮλ벽Ȼгкڣֻˡ
ƣȴ㹻ƴ󣬽ֻΪԸԼˣǿǡ
λ߽װ벽ټǾޱʮڿƣԵУҲһλ߽װ벽൱ڣʤѩһҪλ߽װ벽λнװ벽Լλװ벽ѨԪߵͽ׵ӡ
һսЩˡ
ȻһĻʤѩȴЦˡ
ǲηգֻЦϣʡһ£ʡȥѰ֮ʡȥֻ֮࣬һá


867 
ΣգǺΣ֮ˣ
ȻΪʥԼȼǾޱ֣һҪԵĸּӣѶȿ϶˱
ֻҪһ룬ʤѩֻǳװ벽ʵʤѩǿһЩӽнװ벽Ҳûͻơ
Ȼ˵ʵս߽װ벽һһԷ߽װ벽սټλнװ벽λװ벽ԼԪѨ
˵ʵ˵ԪԼͽѨԺԲƣǹֻ߽װ벽սԼλнףλװ벽һɲСս
һսΣˡ
λнףλףԼѨҲһλ߽װ벽սĻҲ˵һսһҪλ߽װ벽һѶȣ治һĴ
⣬ȻҲǰʥʿʩԼȼǾޱɫǾޱ̡
ΪԱܼƴճ˹λ߽װ벽սʤѩλ߽װ벽Ķ֡

ԣʤѩȻҲʤѩˡ
׼ʱڴг󣬵ȴʤѩĵȻһ·ϣ̽ǵһһ֪
ԣʤѩɽ֮ʱǾѾ׼ãݴֻͣʤѩһ
ΪʱʤѩľԼʵΪ磬ٴԱŽ˼ܲ־Ͳֱ֣ãɸ
վ֮һλһѩۣģºͿ㣬һ㲻һλһͨʿİʥʿʩ𻺻ϣ˴˸ף΢Ц
λʩĳ֪ʱλ׻˵ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬλ޳ԹβʹһЦ𣬴ҵùҹŹһΣ
Ļ򵥣˼ȴ¡
һ䲻֪ʱˣҲ˵ʥ٣ʹΪʤѩˣֱϵαΪһʱ֮٣
ڶԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬ˵ʤѩִʥԼȼǾޱΪѣôţҲ᲻ϧһдס
ֻƴճݣһ۾ܿףʹʤѩ֮ͨܣ죬λ߽װ벽ս£Ҳһһ
Ŀܣǽʥ٣ȼǾޱа̣а̣ǣΪһʱ֮ģԼαأ
һ䣬򵥣ǾǣʥԼȼǾޱΪѣܾʹߣҿһЦ𣬸һɣ˫ܵԱȫ
Ȼõ飬ܿϧʤѩ롣
ˣԷĻ֮ʤѩֻ˫һУаħ֮˵ö֮ΪһгЩ޴ͨʱҪЩݱ֮һ
Ļ飬ȴ絶ֱࡣ
⻰˲öġʿʩɫһ䣬ͬʱԣһŮԣҲɫһ䣬ɫ
Ȼˣû̸ˡ
ʩһ̾˶ϵİ멣ԭΪмλˣû뵽ʱҲ޴ÿ¡
һԵĳŮЦǰΪһʱ֮壬ȴԼʹΪٸߣ츳ǿǰ;ٹкãգԲǰ߲ʬ
øǆˣսɣ
ս
ǰʥٵĵԼȼǾޱĵӣǧˣôվһƳ
ʹʤѩΪ𼫶̣Ѫɽׯ൶ŵаɶ£ȴһ㲻壬¶мЦԾԾԡ
գһʱǧ˼ɱ⣬ֱƶɫ
һ̣ʣ̸в֮󣬾һѪɱ
ɱ
ڣʥٵʿʩ´Ҳøʤѩ¡
ȻսˣУǶԼⷽġ
ҪǣԷ˸ӣþôλϰһԾŶ˸Υ磬ܵ˵涥ײˣѾֱ˵̡
һ֣ĽǧʥͽӿߴֱɱʤѩˣһʱѩεΪ׳ۣԶһȥһɫ
һԣŮӣҲνĶһа̣ȼǾޱ֮ɫǾޱҲָͬһָɱ
߰ٳǾޱͽټڡɫǾޱسµǾޱʮƣͬʤѩˣһʱ졣
ž㶯мЩССҵĵӣȻܸɵš
ĹЮ֮£Ҳֻв鲻ԸسǰȥеĴ󵶣ҪΪµһӣǧеһ
ټȻվͬ۷壬ֻһİʥȼǾޱȾŴ벽ս
һʱ䣬ʥɽϣƱɫɱ𣬴սѾʽ졣


868 ɱ
ʤѩһĻ΢΢һЦ鿴ƺܷɣɫ΢ЩһЩ
һεսԶ֮ǰĳսۣǸ𼫶а̣Ѫɽׯ൶ţûһսѡ
ҲǺ顣
ǵһζԸа̣Էֻһ߽װ벽ҲǼˣĻʹɱʮֵһᡣ
ƾ˵ʵֶ֮ܿʤ˳µ¡
ѪɽׯҲǸƣԸĸֻֻһ߽װ벽͵µڶԱ
ǶԸ൶鷳һЩ鷳Ҳ鷳ʵǿǵĿճǼ˷һЩʱ䡣
ڣʥٺȼǾޱȻһ𣬶һЮ˲ǵССɣʵһʱǣȻǽѶȴ
˶Ǻѵˣ෴ţʵͬ൶һĿճǼƣɴʹýѿ֮ƣλսȴ򷨣˷Ҫͷۡ
ڣȻԵĸֶһЩҲͨˣܱ书һۡܽа̣һؾͱؽȫƽʣµģҲֻһλõ£˾ѡ
ְɣ
ڣѾϯʤѩǰ˾ʱĲսĬţһչͻΪ⣬ֱӳ֮˼ȥһ˶Կһߡ
󣬶ԸڶİʥͽʤѩңԸɡɫǾޱسǾޱʮԼ߰Ǿޱš
ͬʱʤѩУḁ̂ͬʱ֡
˶ٲԥ֪һսǱѰãҶԷоŴֻǹսû³ڲȽЩආ¾ˣԶֱӷ˴С
֮
޾ĺâеâ֮ӿɭɭ˲佫ǰʮλʥٸַⶳ漴ޱ߽ȴȻ׼ʱķӰ꽣⡣
Ȼĵ֮һ֮ǰ׼ãʥ٣ȼǾޱ֣ܵѹȻҪŶԷ˲䣬ȽԷһԱ˵
Ȼǰʮλʥٸ֣ٶǰʥеСӳжӳӳһѨڣڑ۷ʵ
ʮ˻ȡһսȻʮ־ˡ
ϧ̫С
ʮ̫ˣǰʱǸ뷢УȴĪһȻԭأ϶һ㱡ı˪
ȵǷãæ˵ƿ˪ָʱɱо͵ˡ
ٵɫĽͬյ˲Щ޷İʥٵȺУһʱ䣬ڰʥٵӣʮ˲
ʵǿһЩģ֮ǰʱһۣΪԼӸǹһģѣҲԳֲֿĹһܱƣѪ˶ء
ֻһԭ磬ɱ⾪İʥӪͱһɱˣǰ˺ˣмǰ壬ĿƣȻҲֻǰ壬һʱҡ
żм߲ȽѣĿںţνնɱ˼ͷ֮ˣҲȴֵɽơ
˷ӿٽ㱻ЩһŲڽ£㳡һʱң˴ͷɱȥҲˡ
ղŲǵһжѣڶǴУ漴ϡ
󣡡
еâͬǵɫâ뵽Щ̤İʥٵȺС
źеļ𽣷ϴμƷķƼӳ
ֻһУƬѪ𣬳ƬȺ£ʮλʥٵӣһ£ס¸ȴܿ챻˲ȵΪһ̯Ѫࡣ
ˣˡ
޵磬һǿʳ磬ٶʲôãһȺѨ˴ĵӣסʵսѾﵽ߽װ벽
һˣһѽɻʥǧ˾š
һߣʤѩı֣֮ѷɫֻԵøӾޡ

ʤѩϺӿ¼ڹޣϷľдμƷ̥һԿֲ
Ƭı˪˲ǰǾޱʮ
Ǿޱʮսﵽ˸߽װ벽𣬿ϧʤѩͨĸ߽װ벽
ʵʵԶ߽ͨװ벽ֻ´ﵽ˸߽װ벽۷壬޽ӽڶװ벽ĲΡ
ˣһȺʵƣʵսҲͲųװ벽Ĵڣֱѹˣһ˲ʹﵽѹЧ
ʥʩȼǾޱˣ֪ʤѩʵսһʼЩΧʤѩˣ뷨
һֱ֣ȫΧи߲Ҳȫ³Ĵ߽װ벽սʤѩΪ
һʤѩǣעҪʧڲ
ΪǰǾޱʮﱻⶳס֮ʤѩɱв֡
ֻһ˲һɫȼǾޱĵӸʶʲôʶһ̣˻ǾɥڲѪһĻˡ
꽣
ɫڰգֱӴ򿪣һ̣ԿϵĽɫ壬һһŶĿ⻪Ϊǧܶ
⽣⣬ֹٵǧգرɫ
Ѫи𣬳ƬȼǾޱӵ£֮ϣɫϵĽ㣬ԴԴϵ£ȼǾޱӵ£ҽڶ
ǣ
ȼǾޱĵӶˣľˡ
ǾޱʮɵƣûͱһɱˣƲƣӳɫǾޱسԸˡ
һʱ֮䣬ڶȼǾޱĵɫ䣬볯ȥȻˡ


869 £ϣ
ɫƣ£һѪ֮䣬ȻѪ
һ˲䣬ֹǾޱʮеĳԱ˱ܲͨӣһ֮£˲ˡ
ݴۣǲصġ
ر꽣жǿ󣬱˲֪ѾʶΣ֪ܲ
ڵʤѩɲǵʤѩͨϾʿޣ徳ʿ޵Ĵĥֹʵ֮ǷҲľ
ʱʩչ꽣ѾԶԶ䱾Щһλ߽װ벽Ҳ΢һܵˡ
ϧȻƾƣݿһλ߽װ벽ȴϾĸ߽װ벽
Էһɢû׼ûһʱ֮Կ꽣֮˲Ҳ¡
ˣһĻȼǾ΢ĵ˵ľη֮绢ģȴ֮С
󷽣ԭ΢Цֻ׼ʤѩԽߣȫɱȥİʥȼǾޱ޲ɫ䣬һʱɫ࣬кڲ
ѾǸ߿ʤѩһۣԲŲҶһ֮ԿˣҪ֮ƣЮһصССڻҡ
գֵȷ͹ˣʤѩʵ
ȵսϣȻɽʤѩסţ¡
Ҫǣ÷գʧһͽ£ֻҪһʱ䣬Ȼջ
ϧ뷨õģʵǲпġ
ΪûһʼȫԸϳĺµӱԷԴݿɵĹǧûнʤѩʧ˽ʮ֮һ
ǲصġ
ʹǲǷǳںµӵǣϾҲǺòСʧܳܵķΧ֮ڣܻɱʤѩǾֵá
ģԷȴȫȻˣսȴʹǣҲɸеۣͺڡ
Ϊ⻹ֻǵһ棬ȥԶֻЩӣѲȫû³̶Ϣпܳ׳Ϊʷ
ǼʹǣҲ֮ܳʹ
ϣһϣ¾ȥˡ
֪ǰ̴ˮƯµӸʤѩ˵Ķ֣סĶԷ뷨ƣʱ˶ֻౣһЩԼµʵԷ׷״漴ȹϡ
ʿʩʥ֣ħ塱壬͡ǧɲ棬ͬʱҪֹǵɱ¾Ϊǰͽ
һߣȼǾ΢ɫǾޱҲԼһߵ֣ɫǾޱ̣ҴġɫǾޱسˣϹʤѩҪһˣͬʱΧɱʤѩ
ʱҲ˿֣ȫȫԸһƵ˲ɱо죬գɺ磬ɷ졣
ô
״Ŀ䵽İʥλ֣ɫ䣬ǾսĻһξ룬Ͻһ̧һм
˲䣬ƣǵ㣬Ľ£һٴλɱ˽ʥ²֡
ʥЩͽĽ£Ǹһ㣬׷䣬Ϊһ߾ʬ壬û˿֮
ʱʥ̫ϳˣڸϵһĻĿѡ
ͽҶ


У죬ʵǿȵսĵģȻΪߴ߽װ벽ڵġʿʩ
ֻһ̧֣Ȼ䣬׹罣׷ëȻĳ񹦡
󣬸ħ塱壬̫ϳϡ͡ǧɲˣҲѸϵһС
ħ塱һŮӣű¶ļãһöͭ壬ϰ벿Ϊڣ°벿Ϊ
ͭԿֵ֣֣һɭɢ
ȻǼ亱Ϲħģÿһ֣̺һħǧ彻֯һӵеħжôֲ
ĳƷħ壬Ȼʮֲ
ֻһҡͭ壬ȻһֵͳսֱӱһˣȻƿضȼߣµͨʥٵӣȴȫӰ졣
ȻڵѪҲһϣ漴ȻȻͬտĿˮһ㡣
һɱŰɱ֮⣬Ȼͷ
ƷħȻʮֲΪͿսʤңҲ̫Сˡ
һЦһ˲ʶз㽣һţֶ죬һӾ͸ħ
棬ħ塱û뵽˱䣬ʱܵɣһһףûһѪ³
ʱ̫ϳϣ͡ǧǧ굶ɲɲָҲ漴ͬʱϰʥʿʩʩչİ񹦣һʱ·硣
ȴȻ壬ȻһеâɲǴ漴һ
𷼻
һУŴںͼžʮԼŵõĵƷоʮһħ۽󽣷Ŵһں֮С
֮ǰļ󣬼ڤʽһɱС
˲䣬ͬһš
ϴһʱˡ͡ǧǧ굶漴ǡɲɲָѩһɲǻˡʿʩ𷢳İƾİƵøɸɾ
͡ǧϾֻǳװ벽磬ƣʱܵɣһѪ³ˡ

һˣɲǲ硣
ֻѨ۷徳磬ȻҲǿгװ벽սϾûﵽװ벽
һ߲࣬ͳ㡣
һǳɳֻһʹĶͷ
һðʥĴ֮һΪ̫ϳ֮һġɲ棬Ͳɻһ漴ۡһͷ­ѣʬԵڵأò
һĴֺΧ֮⣬ҽһУʱɲ١


870 ££
СӸһҪɱ㣬ɱ㣡һǧж
һĻʥʩβŭ˫Ŀ࣬ԭŵ˲ʧһƬ
ͨȥʮϰνʧ٣ҲССһʱָܻ
̫ϳ֮һȴڸ֮ʹ޵һλѨ۷壬ȴӵгװ벽սĺ֣ûôס

˲䣬⣬Ǽʥ۶Ȼһпѣ漴֯µĳǧëһƬƬŴĿ⣬һ㣬׷׳
ǡʿʩı֮һ򲻵ѣã벻Ϊ˶ԸȻʹ˳
Ǽֻװÿİʥ£ȻһϡеĹر
ֻϧҪôĶףôĴۣ·ȴֻʹһΣһ֮ȻϣȻʧء
ԣʥ£֮һҲɱﵣ򲻵ѣͷá
ʤѩʵɲֱɱʿʩ֪ʱٲȫԸֻ½죬ǲλ֣Ҫ޵ǵһ𣬱ʷżˡ
ԣٹ˲ò˽Ҳֻۣʥ£Ҫڴ˵ˡ
ͬʱ·УΪﵽнװ벽ڣʵսȴнװ벽۷ġħ塱壬Ҳ֪ãǿѹƣȻһеħ壬ӵ֮ͭϣȻһŲʹ⡣
ǲʹ⣬ǴԿ̵ĺɫħ֮Ʈݶ֮ڰջһγһشŵĹ⻷߲֮磬Ӷ
ħ֮УҲɱ֮һħĹ⻷
һУȴǺĹ⻷һסװ벽ҲӣҪסϢ
ս֮ϣ˲Ϣ֣һɲǣп֣֮ο˲Ϣ
Ƕװ벽Ҳ͸߽װ벽߶εս붥װ벽һľ롣
ԣһйȥħ塱¶пЦѾ³
󷽣һλ̫ϳϡ͡ǧ֮󣬻˵һԣѹзڵѪֻаԺȻ
һλˣΪҲǿ٣ȻܷĹֱ˺Ȼš
ʵһһλ̫ϳϡɲ汻һõˣתӡ
漴ʿʩ𣬸ħ塱ֲϧֿۣ˻ᣬҲ漴ȻһѹһСɽȻ
ѩȻʢ绨
һУнװ벽ҲҪһɥ
ȻһĻȴҲ壬ˣһúãδ䣬Ȼ˷Ѿһ²м䡣
нһһȻ䣬һ޴İɫԲȦĽͣԲȦм䲻־âȻΪһ޴ԲųĿĹ⻪
棬
ǧЯɲɱһͬ٣Ҫɸӡ
һ̣ײڰɫ֮ϣǧ˲۷أЯ¾磬һӲǧʥٵȺС
ã
ܣ
ȻѾˡ
ѪԭҪԸľɱ֮Уһ̳¾Լµǿ£һӱܲİʥٵӱƸڷѪ졣
һϰλʥٵ˲˵ĸֻ࣬³١
ȻһĻ𾪣ʹΪλȺǰİʥʩ𣬸壬̫ϳǧȻҲһĹΧС
֪Լһжô£һʱ䣬ʩмֱɱǧ顣
ȴֲòóԼһֶΣסԼ˵ʱʱ죬˲䣬ʿʩϣȻһɫļƣͬǼӵս£Щİǰ
廨ħĹ⻷ǧĵɽҲò;ջأתΪԿ𹥻Ա
Σһ¾⡣
ң⻹㣬˲һ˸Ѿ˰ʥٵĸħ塱Ͽա
仹ûüӦ澪ͲŵĿУеâֻһݣʹʺ룬͸

˫ֶסҲٿزסеħ壬һԵڵأ񽥽Ϣȫޣڷ
еĹͭ壬Ҳ֮䣬ˤڵϣһ죬е߲ʹ⻷ʱɢ
һᣬյסһУǱİʥʿʩ̫ϳϡ͡ǧȻһĻ۾Ǿ壬ǲţ漴һ󺰣
ϧ̫ˣѾˡ
˶һۣȻȻԼͬתͳӳ֪ȥҲֶԵУֻӳ׷ɱС
ǣϷŹǡ
棬ֻǰףȻףǵʿʩҲʤѩˣбҪĿꡣ
棬ˣǶצֻҪ߲պؿɾȻߡ
ƷӰڣҲܵĽԤ
Ȼһ׷ϵģȻǲװ벽̫ϳϡ͡ǧٶȣֵܵùѾһ㶥װ벽
ֻϢ׷һն£䲻ʣں޵Уͷ­䣬Ѫһأһ
ʿʩҲûӳԶͱ׷ϣ֪ܲˣʩعͷƴˣ
ٴȼĿѪ⣬һֲƣ춯ء
ϧûλ¸ֵǣƣƾһˣĶ֣֮һ䣬͡Ѫ
ʿʩ˫ĿԲɣƲԼôϧգƲá
ͼҵһգͷ­һߣˣվ䵽³ɱ̾
ʿʩһʥͽǴ󻩣˵û˵ģɢӣֻɱ˿ħԶһ㡣
ϧŹЩˣÿһմѪǹʿӰһ·׷ɱ
գѪɺӣʬأȻ˵ͽɽȥдĽ£߰˰λʥٵӣõɽϡ
ˣа֮һʥ٣
ЩûģҲֻʣһЩСèСɲʲô
ûиǣͷҲγƣʥ֣ó
߹ȥʰʥʩָϵĴ䣬«ϵĴȡ£Ȼڵصİʥٸħ塱Ʒħ塱Ҳ
ԼãҲһʲƸ
תͷһߣ־ôЩʱ䣬ʤѩҲս
λȼǾޱĵɽȥǵĽɫǾޱǸɫǾޱ̣սǾޱʮȫ䣬һߡ
ˣڶа̣ȼǾޱǳ׳ƽ
ʤѩʰһʥٵıһɨգֻʱǰȼǾޱǵıҲһˡ
ٷһѴ𣬰а֮أ׷ȼճ˻ҽ
Ŷа̵ĸʤѩ֮Ҳ״£˶֪ô֣Ĵɨаħ˼
һʱʤѩ֮½徳ʿʱ֪˶٣˹֮ԡ˫򡰰˫ͷ
˫˫ʳ֮أʹ֮С
һУ˻֪
΢Ϣһʱ˾ȻȻ㣬һۣ漴Цһɽȥ
Ŀ꣬Ȼ½һаħŰ֮أҲһ̡
£˾


ڶʮһ ׺ɣ


871 
Զ֮أһ·ϣ辭⺮ֱ档
Ȼ·һ۶򶫣ûжԶ̫ƽǣ̫ƽΪţ
۶ֱʥɽ·ߣֱ¡
ʤѩˣڵ渽ʱȴֵʤѩʥɽһ·ȴҪ۶򶫣Ȼһˡ
Իص֮ͨõţΪⱾ幦ǰ컻һƿƷ嵤
ƿ嵤ѷ꣬ί컻λҩִ³ѰҵҩԸΪ˶ึһݵĴΪλҩִºشӦˡ
ҲȻ̶һڣΪذƿƷ嵤ܶܳһʱ䡣
ʹƿ֮ǰƿܹҲʮƿһƿʮܹҲֻһʮ
һһҲܹӦʱҡ
ڣ뿪µʱѹȥӵеļƷ嵤Ҳȫꡣ
֮ǰִԣһ˿ȥñȽϾãʱڲܻӵеļƷ嵤֮ǰίһҩ
Ƕʱ䣬ʦûͻȻ뿪ɽϣǷݵҩȻѵ֡
⼸£ߣһѰʦӰһʤѩϱ£Ĵ˳аħ˵ΪǣϻеļƷ嵤ȴȫϡ
ң⼸֮УʤѩЩаţҲǵС
ǵĲرУҲһݿɹĵҩȻȫмƷ嵤󣬵ƷҲв٣ƷҲмƿ
ǿ
ڵȴ۷ƿм䣬Ϊû˺ҩͶ룬㾳Ҳ޷ͻȥˡ
ԣξ棬ûжԶʤѩһһ߼··һ㡣
ҹ̣ӱޣȸϻȥȡҩ
ԴˣʤѩȻ޷ֻܾдӦҪ˾ڴ˷ֱ
һ·ϣ֮󣬻ص
ִûлΪѰĵҩȴѾϣϧ֮ǰڣûյ
֮ǰѾ뵽ܻдһ£ڣڻκһλϽԿɣʱȡҲ㹻ıǮ
˷ִԽҩ˻һλյϣȡ֮һʱǮͣ뿪
һ·֮ϣ򿪴䣬ȻִƿµļƷ嵤
һƿʮƿʮԹӦʱ֮ã֮ڣҲΪƷ嵤ˡ
ƿ꣬϶ܽ㣬ֻ¾߲Ҳ̫ԶܴܲﵽҲֻʱ⡣
ϲǣηִµĴУƿָҪļƷ嵤⣬ȻһĵƿֻһҩֵȴԶƿƷ嵤ϡ
Ϊһƿ棬ŵģǷִ»˺ܴۣһԵɺ֮²Ūֵһδ˵
ΪȼƷ嵤ҪһڣִмУûлᵽֵģΪܾȻΪҵ
֮ǰ뿪ʱȻаȥѰһ£ϾźüƷ嵤ЧԽԽͻƿҪĵҩƷԽԽá
ִ֮Ҳǲ¶ɫֱϣ
û뵽ʱȥȻҵ⵹һ֮ϲ
δ˵֪һֱĵѾˡ
಻죬ֻҪδ˵׵ܽ㡣
ֻǵ߲㣬ȴǵҩ֮ͻƵģҲֻԵˡ
һ߷üƷ嵤һ߼½ģȥ
֮һҹԸʱ´
˲䣬һصů֫ٺһʱ֮һžı죬֮£֮һš
֪Ѿɹͻ㣬
һ㣬Ҳ磬ֻһ㡣
ȻҲͻƵһ㣬Ҳֻһһˡ
һ·ϣϣڣʮ֮ʥɽѰʤѩźţ£Ѿյʤѩ
漴ûнǣֱ뿪ϡ
½һҲһа֯˾ʳϣԼǧ֮ġ¿һյأ֮ϡ
һգ˳ɹִ¿ɽ֮£ûƬ̣㿴˴Զɽ֮Уһ¸أ·ӥյľ޴£ģֻǧɸߡ
Ŵ£һļ߳ҵʱ䣬
ʱľΪ֮أųƲ˸ҽӽ
ǣʳһаȴ̾ϣһ㲻Ӱ졣
˾ʵҲȫ֮ǰʤѩЩʲôа̣Ѫɽׯ൶ܱȣͬʱԵİʥٺȼǾޱʵҲԶԶ˾
Ϊ˾˾Ȼ˵һλװ벽ǿߣΪ֮ǿޱױȡ
£󻤷ĴգʮλִʹҲǰ벽սƿֲ
ûзֻ¹ƾһ˾ʵ֮ԵǼڿ⡣
ʹˣûз˾ҲӴʳľӶ߱飬޿κεҪԭ֮һ
ȻʥҲŷַӢۣǰȥ˾ȴһֱûԸˡ


872 ¾
½ϣ뺣Լǧһ֮أС¾硱
¾磬ƧѰûҵټǹĴ˵ȴһֱ
ţ˹¾磬ΪϹʱһһ¾ʦ¾
¾Ϲ֮ʱպĶǿ֮һ۷֮ʱΪﵽ׺ڣ̤Ǵ˵еĻâҲֻһ֮ң
¾꣬Ըؼһ䣬ԽԽϡԱΪһƬڴĹ¾磬δʧ
¾кˣҲ֮һֱסڹ¾֮Уδй¾ڵӣ
ǧȥȻ¾ĴһֱһΪû¾ɳĵӣҲһֱֻһš
½УǸƣǿ߱Ĺ¾磬Ҳǲˡ

¾磬Ȼѱ½ǲȴڡ
֮⣬ƾãΪʱ仯¾־òĺԽԽ࣬˼죬ͬǰΪɡ
¾ǲĵؼף¾Ϊһɣųƾ¾Ʒ¾Ϊߣųƾ¾Ϊߣųƾ档
ֹ¾磬һߣͳ
Уһ˽ܵ飬Ϊ֮ףʣİǰΪϱڣΪڡ汱ڡ
УԽΪ¾콣Ϊ߹汱ΪŹ½
ƽཻ£ȴ壬ѹԷһͷΪһ쵼ߣһͳ棬ɴ˿δе׳٣ΪһΨһˡ
ɽУλϱУһ캣ƺ羰Ϊع㣬ǾɽУΪʺ֮ء
ȻƺԨ·㣬ӵһΪԵˣƽʱڴ˵ģϱ棬Ϊ͵
ʱ
紵ҹո¹һ꣬캣ƺͬһ飬Ƕھ߷嶥ܾһƬͰɽͬȺס
ȺɽľдУձⳡһϴԵرɾˬ
ɽ¼䣬ˮȣ𣬻ɾ˼䡣
ʱ˿̣캣ƺ֮ϣΪ羰ʺϸص˽С
˲پӣϱɵƽ̣׷˷壬캣ƺһȻ
ڵӣռ캣ƺ֮԰Ϊ汱ڵӣռ캣ƺ֮ԺΪ
ɸϰٽ̸μ
Ȼ˿̣Уһڰ̫ͼ֮ϣȴ꣬ڱд衣
꣬ӣʽȻͬԵúȺȴȻб
п汱ڵߣһīɫ£ؿһССĽɫ̫ͼݿʣ˫¸ߣͦ罣շתŲ䣬һһڳ¾Ȼɢ֮⣬һĵ⻪ҫ۾
ʣֱ֮أâ¶һʹ۵ĸоڱϣ϶Υͣв
ʣϣȴȻ·Ӧ˵ģϵ̫
һ꣬ȴȻͬ
һɫ£忡ͬԺ֮УȴºͣʹڱȶУһֱ΢Ц·Уγ
Σֱˮһһ䣬Ը֮Уĵˮˮ£
ϣûԣһʤĸоһһʽȻӦвУÿһУơ
ûмһʽӦԶīĹ
ȻһһأһһᣬһһȴƺһֶصУԹ۵ϱɵУһ˵ĺг
Թ֮ˣҲʲ꣬ӯԪ飬شϣǾϱڵĶ֡
ȻǼ״֮ҲǲĿ¶˼һţԼ˿̣һУʲô
˲Ƭ̣ӵͷˣһϽ˫Ŀ亹乶£ǲٿ
īսȻƺһֿµħǲУͣ½ŲϰС
Ȼȴ˶Ȼ֡ʲô취ʲô䣬һʽӲκһʽ֮УݳһУ֡
⡭
Ȼīٽһ¡һ죬У쳡֣޷תγһ̫ԲΣǽµĺڰ̫ͼӦ
ۣīվУλںɫۣλһߣڰɫۡ
֮䣬أ΢һ˲
һ̣壬ϿеǸڰ̫ͼΣȻɢī꣬ɢнһӶЦ

Ԫᣡ
ߵһ뿪캣ƺģϱһʯ֮Էֱ
īᣬΪǹ֮ãнȴ˿ʤ֮ģÿζҪҹأڵĹ¾콣
Ԫԣȴƺ⣬һЦѣԲӡΪȴΪǾӣ޽֮ˡΪ˱ֺһֶΣҵ׷󣬶д֣оҵİá
ðɣ˵㡭
īƺҲ֪Ķӣپжһģ۾ϱ˶ϰˮģ
ҪȥϰЩԹΪɱֻδóɣҲ
ǿϧˡ
̾Ϣһ˵ӣǳԡ¾ΪľһҲܸﵽ֮ϧ
˵ȴһ٣ҡҡͷ˵ᣬڴͬ꣬ÿڴ˱׺ƺԽԽĬ֮󡣡
ΪηţҾƺоǵĽ⣬ȻںΪһ壬صı仯о𣿡
ţ
һ˵ԳԪᣬҲɻ
Ƭ̺ɹƶЦ۾˵ˣһһֻͨȽĳǣ㶯Ҿ㹥أԽȻͬԻȱ©
ǵıȶƴɱһǵĽںһ𣬱˴ֲȱݡ
ע⣬رض飻أƹ֮ܽһӵ¡һϣƺ⣬ȴϣĸӦѾ˺һİ壡
˺һţ
īԣ¶˼Ȼйâƺ˼ʲô۾ԽԽ
ã΢Ц𣬵ˣһΣĿǰͻƼޣ˺һ֮ʱͻƷڣҲûпܡ
á
ԣҲվ΢΢һЦһһ׽˺һ֮һãǾһ԰ɡ
ƲԪһˡ
һУ˵ڵӣǱڵżһЩСҪҲӦܾ


873 潣
Աˣ֮͡
ͬѣԪôܾܾǰʶ֮õıʦأ
Ե˲ٴ캣ƺģٽȻ׼һ·ŵоܷ࣬ٴγ˽֮硭

һ캣ƺ֮һɣнǧ֮룬ɹǣỤ̃ƬƬ
֮£ಢһͷ߹ڣ뷢԰ףɷǣǾ֮ס𡱰ڡ
һߣһߴֲۣԼͨһƬףǰѰũ
Ȼվ±ߣȴԨͣţȴݣвѷԱߡ𡱰ڵƣǾ汱֮ס档
վһ࣬ۿڶϱ轣żһҪŤתս֮ܡ
ϧڶԶˣȴ㶼
Ȼ˵Ŀ䵽ٴīϣߣ֮ס𡱰ڣвӹһ˿͡
Ŀбӣȴһ˵ֵ֣ڵӳȻ˲ţᣬѴﵽٶȣò˼꣬ϰɹϼ󣬾Ź½󣬳Ϊһˡ
Ǻǡ
һԣߣ汱֮ס棬ȴ˫Ŀ΢Уע̫ͼϵˣӹһ˿׾Ĳ
Ź½ΪҾ汱߽һɣƱسΪҾһˡڶ޷ϰɹεºܣдͣ
Ȼ츳ˣϾᣬΪ㣬һǿ˰ԵǿĽϣΪˣ򽣴壬߻ħ
ҿǲҪðգͨ˱ڽ˵ɣ
ڽ
Ŵԣߣ֮ס𡱰ڣ΢΢漴ɫҲɳ
ڽΪҹ¾֮ףɹȡһɹҲ˵򽣵߱ͻƷʸ񡣡
ʱǧһ컯Ҳֻнˣֵý佻𣿡
ǡ
汱֮ԣƤײһ漴ȴ¶һ΢Ц˵컯֮һֻͨ˽ĵӲʸáĳȻΪ֮ףҲܽ˵˽ռһͣɹͨڽĳȻѵ佻ͻƷұڸӷ׳󡣡
ԣһԵġ𡱰ڣ΢Դһ˿ؿһۡ棬յͷֵؽᱲˣҲڴˡҿ⺢ӾͲĵɡԵҲɽ˱߹¾콣ڣһлͻƷ֮Ҳǲ˶
¾콣
ԣ֮ĿⶸȻһӹһ˿ײľ⡣
뵽ʲô漴ؿȥЦȻȻǰˣȻк츳Ӿˣûеȫ֧֣ǵ۷塣
ЩŹ֣ԱϣҲûлͷȥڵı飬û˵
֮װڼ״Ҳֹֻͬרעضǰۿһīһ֮ıȽ
Ƭ֮ϱӵУȽ˵ͷգٴ͵һΣһ˿֮ĸоȻ
һĺڰ̫һţȻݣȴڳ˵顣
˰壬̫Σ⡭
֮£֮װ֮̾ɫΪ˵ʾ޲ѡ
֮ȴ䣬ǡһû˵ʲôһ䣬Ȼֱӳһ·ٿգɵľֱȥˡ

ҹ
汱פأһƬݳĹ۵֮У汱ڡĸݺĴ֣ڵһ֮ǰ
ҹˮϸһ콣Щƣ۵īصԼ䣬׼ϢȻһͯߵŶ룬˵ֱȥסһ
ţ
ԣīȻ׵ʲô£ǳһӦ漴ԸǽͯԺȡһˮóһɾ˿Уʪ֮У˾֣ͯ˳ȥ
תתƹƬ޴ĹȺգ˾Ȼһªľݣ汱֮ף渺ֶվһк׵߻ǰ
Ϥıڵӣֻ˭Ҳ벻þ汱֮ףס֮ؾȻһ˼ªСľݣһЩİ趼ޡ
ס֮ֻ汱еĴ²Ӷ硣
һ㣬ѿߵĳѾϰˣҲΪֱ֣˽ȥҾһݣ
ţˣ
һµۣȴǾʦ緶ı֮棬ǰݷǳ̫ͬһҫ۵ӣȻһȣ֪
ţ
īһ㶣ԥƬ̣ǲ̧ͷӲָ̡֪
Ҷײ
أһָǰ񣬵滭֮ǰ񣿡
ν棬Ȼǹ¾ĴʼˣҲϹŹ¾ڵĴʼ棬ʦ¾
Ȼ¾һΪ֮еľһֻΪɹĹͬʼ棬ȴǹ¾ڴʼ¾
ڹ¾Уһֱơ
ȻŴԣīȴǲٴһ㶣Ϊ֮ʱƽʱʲô䣬ƽʱ򣬲ûҪ滭ͱҪݵĹء
ȻԸټжΪ֮ȴһԴΪ˹󷽣˺Ƶ棬кøУȻЩףȴǻȥ
ֻ˱ȭ̧ͷʧ֮Ը̹ܽ𷣣ֻǳգ캣ƺʦʵڲ֪δָ
ߣ֪ڸģ
ԣ֮ϣ⸡һ˿֮ɫ
ѵ޵֮ˣ޵ģɼԪԲһӣ캣ƺ֮ϣȻ͸Ը˰壬֪¼Σգɢ߻ħĲֱɥʮ꣬˲ϧ֪
ԭָ£֪ˡ
ŻȻɵͷϴص


874 һ֮Լ
ϴȴ֪ԼԪ֮䲻ΪԸϾ֮£һɺϣŸһ˿˺һİΡ
ﵽһˮɣȻ˵Σա
ĺѣаж
Ϊף˵Ĳûд֪жپž֮Ҳ˺һ壬ӶͻƷ֮ϧʧˡ
پǿߣڴ˾գɼ
ɥ߻ħߣҲԾ
ϱڣ˾ߣҲָܹˡ
ˣÿһ츳ɣżȻ£һ˿˰壬Ӷ컯ͻƷΪʦ
Уһˣˣδǰľ棬ˡ
һ꣬ǰͷһֻλʦɼϡ١
⣬Ѿǹ¾Уһˡ
Ҳλ֮۸ԶԶϾһڡ
İǰһľһʷΪϱڣ˵ʱľ棬Ѿһͳ¾磬ٴֵ¾ڳưϹŵĻԻ͡
ԣϱڵöǷΪǶװ벽
ֻ˰ߣʸ̳еͳõ컯ӶΪʦ
İ汱ÿ꣬Żᵮһλڣİ꣬ŵһλ
ϡ٣ĳԪᣬŻ˱ӡ
ˣ£ȻϣµӺøԶڵδ֮ǰԸ˰壬ӶĲֱɡ
ԣԸǶһЩոһЩԺ󣬲ȥ˺һľ磬ΪԺ̤뷨ûԸӾʹ˷ϵ
ֻǣԪͬϾ汱˵³ç嶯ǽյ޴
뵽ΪԼã룬ԼΣգажǵͷĽܽѵûн˵
ңı֮£òʮ֣صرʾԺ޾԰գԸ˺һ֮صʱԲų˾硣
״ӹһĨľ⣬Źڵصī꣬⣬ͷһЦ
Ц֮˼ֻһƵı飬˫ַˣɡҲ˵˵ҪԪʲôΣա
Ͼ˺һǱѰԺȻǸڻС
˶Ҿ콾δ˵ϣİҾϱһͳ¾һͳϣ£֪
ǣӽġ
ͷشӿһůϱһͳ¾һͳһɺ׳־лɡ
š
ȴ֪е뷨Ÿվһ˳ü۵īһתǾһٸһ档
˳һ£ֵ֮У㣬ҷɾǧݣˣ츳ʵΪɫȻĬԣ䵭µϣǧݣҷɾˣȻҲ㲻츳Բ㣬ΪԶ
һ٣һ۳ı飬ּʴˣ⽫֮λǰ㡣Źأ˳λ̳֮⣬ӣҪõΣ˺һ֮ͨڽܵõ컯ͻƷ֮Ϊ޷ڡ
ΪŹ涨ȻΪҲ޷ģҲ޷µ֮ڡϾ컯ͬСɣǽΨһ;µһҪο˵ڽһţ쳣
¶𾪵ɫӹһ˿ЦȴװһͰص˺һ֮ʱԶԣΪǰ潣ֻҪͨҾ˳£Ϊ㿪ڱ⣬Ψһһ컯㣬ͻƷ֮Σ
潣컯֮λ
ԣǾ֣׵ıим𾪣æӲң
ΪڵӣȻ˭˶ף潣壬ڱڵӶԣλ
һͨ˽ܴģ̽ΪԺͻƷ¼ʵĻ
Ҫǣ˽һƣ֮
Ҳ˵Ǿ汱̳˲ܽܵĿˣһͨʽȷ汱ڼ̳˵ݣõ컯ͻƷĸʣڰ˾ųϡ
һʽͻƷΪȻǰ϶顣
ԣ潣ھ汱ڣ͵λԭû뵽棬ȻԼǰŽǶصĶ١
ˣһʱȻ֣վǰλˣ棬ҲǸмֻ˶˵£û޻ڡ
濴ųɫϹһ˿΢Ц˵ǫ飬Ӧõģ츳Ϊʱգֻǳ֮¡Уܸһͳϱ¾硣
ˣдƴǣҲƴǣΪڵӵΡȥ׼ɡһ֮ҾͻΪ㿪潣ֻͨһ̡
ǡ
ݣ֪޷ܾգͷӦҪ󣬴Ӧȥ֮һһú׼ȴһº󣬴潣Ŀ֮ա
ͬʱΪмǰģԼһһͨõ컯ͻƷȡΪΪλȫԽ棬ԼҲһֱΪʦ
ֻҪһգԼԸԶΪߣΪµĵӡ
ԣװãջһ˳µԣ˵һжͨ潣˵
ųȥıӰ죬ڡͶһĨصӰԵüЩһа졣
̧ͷͷ¹⣬ٺЦȴû˿
뿪סһ·ԼȥĳҲ˼ء
潣ǷȻҲûô򵥣ΣأʮһʵԼûȫ׼ʱ룬˵ΣԷǳ
Ḷ́˺һ磬ȥȻмİճɹͨʱȥֻ²ɣпܻС
治᲻֪һ㣬ȴԼû׼õʱҪ潣Լ롣
׼ԼȴΪǶԼأֻ뵽һºҪеľ潣ǲ˼أŲҲóһЩ
ȴη壬
Ҳһµʱ䣬Լ˺һ֮ɹ˰塣
ʱ򣬽潣ԼİգҲ͸󼸷֡


875 ֮Σ
뷨Ų𽥼ӿ죬תԺתԼľݡ
ȻɫһŤͷһԣһľݻŵƣӳĴ䣬ԼԼһ꣬ʰװó
һɲͬڱ˵ĺʣǱˣǳʦ֮һŶèҷɾ
ţ˽ȥһʰװĵҷɾֵصɾʦܣôˣҪԶô
㰡ʦ֡
̧ͷīһЦڲõĳһŲŲʾ
һ£΢΢һЦ˵ǰŵǰӵһ˵Ϣ֮ǰϲȺɽ֮Уûǹ¾½֮ռͨٴδ򿪣ԼԼ˴߳
װأΪǿ󣬸ǹ¾֮ˣп֮˴ӿռ룬ǰȥһ鱨Ϊ棬ɸرԲߣ龪һ㵱ɽһ
ţ
ϢīµӳһԼᶨҲüͷ΢壬૵ռͨһδôǧҹ¾Ƨ⣬ʳ£Ǽ淨ͨ죬µĹ¾磬ǧʱ⣬ҲԽԽȶˣռֵͨĴԽԽƵھȻ˽롣Խӣ¾٣ǻص½һ죬ǳˡ
ǰ
ŶèҷɾȻΪľګԸڳĬԣΪҲԶȴر£汱ɽУΪƳռ鱨̽һˡ
ᣬȴѽʵȨΪ˾汱֮һõĸ
ι¾ϲȺɽ࣬Ϊͽ룬汱˼Ǿǰ飬ȻǶΪأ̽鱨Ҳʮַġ
ˣ˸Ŷè
˽˵èоȴǾŶһ֮Ȼͬ
ʱʦֳĻҲ̾ϢһӵԽӣԭǺ£ǧ֮ǰҹ¾δѣƣһػ½Ȼǣڡ
˵һ٣ŵѣһΪǾһһΪܹ֮࣬ҺƲӣĿǰȻֻоһɣһλǿߡһ׻ع½½ưȻã½ֵʱֶǣУǺ룬ʱҾ汱δԱ֮ȻҪ̽飬׼
ԭˡ
֮Ҳ֪ΪǰҪ£Ͼǣ浽¾δˣ漰ŰΣ
Ͼ¾һǧ꣬¾ҲȣռͨƵƵ֣Ͳò˼·ȻǵһҪ¡
ҲĵЦվļǺãʦȥأһ·СģעⰲȫϢʱرʦֵȾƣ
ţʦַġ
ҷɾ𳤽ץңתȥ
ԣȻʦ׼ˣȥҴǱһ£ϾΪҪ£мΣգͬѰʦܻҪ׼ȫǡ
ҷɾԣŲһ٣عͷ˳һۣڰЦʦܰ£ʦֻģ׼ʦҲ׼ˡҶҲʰˣͲൢһᣬȥҸˣʦҸ֧һɡ
˵ٴЦЦϵһɫƺЦοʦܾ񫷸ˣȻƣǹҲʵ̫࣬ҲЩƶ嵭ˮ͹֭ࡣ
ҰҾƣЩˣѵлɽǺƾԾƾɣȻһ
ԣȻ֪Ѽ鱨ʮǿҪȴȾһ
ҷɾųı飬̲סٴιһЦģʦȻ֪½Ҫɽ֮ȻΪأҵҷɾΪ˺һپƶµʦ־ܷġ
ˣֽ̣
˵꣬ҷɾһݣΪһڵ裬ֱӳž汱壬ɳ۶£ת۲Ӱ
ȥıӰҡҡͷʦʵûʲô취µȷʮַġ
˼ͷԼľȥһҹ޻

ڵҷɾߺ󣬾ϱڵӣάűƽ֪¾ǽ֡
Ϊ汱ڵ֮УߵĴڣɳȥ캣ƺϰʱо汱ڵӲ⽣󷨡
߲ܣ¡ʹھ֮УҲһʱ
Ԫδÿÿ캣ƺ֮ϱΪǼ죬ѷѽ⣬Ϊһʱ̳֮Խõҵ𾴡
ڷϱ֮Ĺϵȴֵܡ
ѣûԪϳ˺һ֮磬Ĳ졣
ֻǰУȴ˽ᣬҹʱ֣ŵӶɽ֮ٻص캣ƺ˺һ֮壬Ƿɿ죬һǧ
ˣ˺һ֮ϾûôգȻţϾв㣬ֻǰУӲ¶ǰ
Ծϱڵӣ˭Ҳ֪һ֮ڳ˺һ֮壬СɣΪѷ˶ѡ
Щ֪ضȲѣھϱ֮ؽʢ
Ԫᶼϲ֮ˣԻǾȵյһգйǣµһ֮ڣѾֻ߰ʱˡ
˻Ǿһȡ
ʱţתۣ뱱ڵӡŶèҷɾ̽ѰɽϢѹӽһ£μӾ潣ʱҲԽԽ
һա
汱֮ڣӣųΧһ⽣֮Ȼһ
һֻ룬룬ڵ֮ϣһȲһʱ⿪
һԲͲȻ£ڴм䣬ڽ⽣ĳǰ
ֽӹ򿪣ֻһССֽ˼ۣȻ˫Ŀһ͵վ
ѣ֣Σ


876 
ѣ֣Σ
̶ʮ֣ȴƲͶޣֻһۣ˾ɫ䡣
֪²ãȻ֮ǰɽпռֵͨϢ٣һֹ̫ˡ
ֵĲǿռͨȻ¾Ѿʼ٣ȳ״ĵطɽ
ѱǴ£漰¾еÿһˣİ˸֣𾪵ġ
֣Σ
Ҳ˵֮ǰ˵Կռͨн¾磬ȷ£ҪĻǣ˶Ƿˣһλӵзھ硣
ĿǰĹ¾磬ǧܹ꣬ҲһλǿߣһǾ֮
һϱڣĿǰ޷սڡ
ƫƫλͣϵȴûзս򣬶ʵҲ֮ĩľһ
һãܾһӴ˾ͽʧڹ¾磬Ȼͬڣʱ˿̣˴£ڳϱڵӶԣȻ޷ӡ
֪ͨ
֪ºԥվһȺĪʦʦãμźɽ֮ӵľȥ
ʲô
Ƭ֮󣬱ľ֮Уһֻɸ붸Ȼѣļˮıɫ䣬Ȼ˵
ֽϣɫ䣬漴ҧȥ֪ͨһ̴¡
ǡ
Ҳ֪£һ˲ܶ⣬Ժԥɽȥգʧ

ҹϱڵĵƻȼһҹϨ
ڶգ汱ڵľ潣ǰУīɫ£бڵӵע£߽нӿ
ڴ֮У𡱰ڣһɫĽ׽ǰӣɫصᣬ佫٣¼ȨԭΪʦ꣬ȹ̣Žˡ¾콣㣬ڣˡ
Խͽ콣˽Сɣɳء
ǣʦ
ڡ𡱰֮ǰԪ𾪣Ǽӹף뵽ʲôȴɫ䣬æվףͷ߹ڣɷǵڣʦҪȥ
𡱰ɫأĿңԶ佫ڵӵҷɾϢһڵأٵȣΪ
ȻѾãϾͬԴ򲻿ɼͬŵӾʹɥʦѾ̶һ缴гٵȣԮһͬʱѾ˴Ѹһǰϳ˵һ
л֪Ǵȥһȥأ㳯ʦѾ봫нμӱڽҲҪմ콣ֳأгɴ˹¾콣֮ʱһս֮
ǲܻطϱĵӣҪǵͷˡ֪ǺѣǿлᣬͰϱںɣϴĶԹ޹ءϱѵʱҲˣ¾綼棬кαҪڴŻ֮
ǣʦ
ԣ֪¹ش󣬲ֻܾܾ뵽ȥ𡱰пܽҪΣգԪ᲻˫Ŀ죬ͬȥȴ֪ԼʵǶԷĶֻ֣Ϻȡ
գǿסˣеɫףعȥ
ǧһΣһ֮С
ԪվͷҲأʰһ֮ڽأ콣֣ܽ˪и¾콣Ľ⣬ȡѧɡ
ڶһ磬ϱŵ쵼ˣ𡱰ڣ棬͸߰ɫӣ۵糸һ·ڵأٵ֮۶ȥ
ͬʱһֻǧŸ룬Ծ汱ھݵ֮ϣ𣬳ŶΨһӵзľһɽٷȥգ۳ΪһСڵ㡣

֮󣬾ɽڵأһ޴ʯյɽϿգǿߣλƾ˵ߴ£͡
ͣһһӣ̤նʮţ߹ŹߣһϮɫۣݻ
ǧ⣬Ӻͬģϴһͭߡ
ϵϢ˾Ԩ纣һʯɽ˭Ҳ޷Ŀƿ
ԣȴηһ绪ɫ˳Ůӣǻ𣬷ʤѩ޶ׯԭӦŮһʱȴСˣԵӵĲ
ʱаɽڲ࣬δһϵóɫ˳Ůӣֻ˭Ҳİ
֮ǰаɽ֮һƶᡣ
Դаɽ䣬ħȵħ֮һպô֮󣬾ʹӴ䲻֪١
ڣȴĪһȫϵϢҲԶȵаɽ֮ʱǿ࣬붥װ벽Ҳֻһ֮ң
ȻͻȻйأС˰İӣ֪ݱѾԶ׼
һһߴ֮һպã¼ҴʧнʮħȰ˲ħ֮һ
˳ƣһħ
˱׻ܣֱʳ֮ˣʧӰ٣û뵽ʱͻȻ֣ҺȻԶ½Ķ֮ϣޱȣоԶĹ¾֮С
ҪǣϵϢȻҲȫָ̬һɢһɷǿ߲еĿֲѹ
֣Ҳ飬ȴ֪Ȼʧȥ֮λȴͬһаɽ֪ٵġƷ桱а䣬ˣ
Ʒ桱а䲢ûгڴ˵أȻѾõһ𣬵ħȵħ֮һڹ¾磬ֻ¾żȻ϶ĳı
˿̣ڡպú͡ŮĶ棬¾Ķǿߣಢмһˣľ
һɫۣϢԨƺȻҲһλǿߡ
¾磬֮һˣ۷徳硣
ڶԷ۷壬߽װ벽װ벽һսǽĪ⣬ƿء
Σ˭֪һս¾磬ĿֲӰ졣


877 Ǳʮʽ
¾ǴһսĽ֮С
ߡˡüŶİӣ˵µĴ㲻ϧһдۣǹ¾ΪʹʤֻҲδֵʲôã
ʲô
һۣͷߣһġպã̤գŶķˣһ䣬мһ˵صѡ񣬵һѡ񣬳ħȣڶѡ
ûʲô飬˭óе飬һ£Ϊþλ¾Ĵһ˲ͱŭ͸
ڹ¾꣬һ˵ģʱܹĻ
һµѿǳԶҹ¾ˣˣҲµһս½ϵĶ֮һΪ
Ǿɣ
һ죬һӴƣ˲ϵĴ֣ʹͬڷľˣɸеϢһϡ
⣡
֪ǰδĸ֣ҲɫȻһ߽绨ġŮᣬվԵ
סλһᣬ˾߽װ벽ȻһΧԷˣǲʤ
á
е֣أ𡱰ڣ汱棬ͬʱɫһݣ֪Ǿˣһսû̫ա
ƫƫչ¾˵ģȴǡǡһս
ң˶Ƿ磬Ȼպôﵽ˷ڣ˲۷壬ಢ
ֻҪ΢һʱ䣬ƾ˵ʵǶװ벽磬ֶԸһλ߽װ벽ġŮᣬȻֵ
ʱ򣬽˷ᣬϳƣΧպһˣһλ۷壬λװ벽֮£δû뷨ڵһս֮
֣
һۣڣ𡱰ڣ汱ȳ֣һѳһͨĳȻһһй¾˹ȥ
μƷϼԼƷ¾һʽǧ
ͬһϼ˸˼䣬ۼһգĹȣա
Ȼµ֮ȴǾԵΣա
һĻ𡱰ڣ汱Ҳ
һӣһεɫʱʣȻϿգͷһ֮󣬾ȻһΪߣ߻ΪʮģʮĻʮˣ
̶ֻƬ̼䣬ͷϿգȻȻ飬һٶɫָȻǶġŮᡣ
شƷн׽¾콣
ʹǱҲʮֲΪǧˮĽͬһμƷ
汱ĽΪء
ʹģͨϻȦһȦһȦȦСȦʲôһ㣬ǽȴǽ
汱ڹŹ½ȻΪ磬ʹŹ½ľ裬ˣűһģһĳΧΧһССԲȦͬһݽס
Ź½һ㲻Ĺ¾ڵĹ¾콣֮£ĳЩй֮
󶥼֣ͬʱ֣Χһˣ㡰ŮȫΪǣһʱҲ׽⣬·硣
һߣȴһģ
¾ǿ֮ˣΨһķǿߣ۷壬˸ƽʹ¾ͬһƤ򲻶ϹϵѹԽԽʢ
ñƾһ˫ƣһһƣնΪ֮ݣ֪Щڼӳ˹¾ĵ֮ж¡
ϧԷڵġպãȴȫ·磬ǱѹŴ
պûɢǧ⣬һֱ֣۾ʹָ󲻶죬·һˮֱۣ˵֮ɫ
ָ
һָͷ·һССָ̫ţȼĿĽ⣬һ㣬ƽƷȫƣһС磬Ϊסһʱ䣬û뵽߸һ
ĹԻĹ¾֮ϣһʮ湦ȫΪɫǹ룬ˮˣÿһܱ
ֹ֮Դûг½ϣӳ˿µ
ƽ޵Ĺ¾Ϲǿ¾ĵƷǾȻõԶ׼ôʱչ¶ŽƷףֻھƽ޵Ĺ¾֮ϡ
⣬ȻǺȻŵģ½ϣû˵һ˴еĵƷʶûһţŹаϵҲûһ֮
ôպõŽǴӺζǺʱѧᣬܷӳֲ
ټǱʮʽеʽ÷۷ĶǿߣƽȻȫĶ֣ѹŴ
̶Ƭ̣ƽȫ·磬ۿҪܡ
ɫҲ̲סǻûн𣿡
һߣΣգŮȻ·磬ȴ֣Ӳסˣվ಻ס󼱵סȥϡ
á
Сġ
ڣ棬ҲսΣٹ˲ʲôֱսȦպùȥҪԮ
Ȼȴľ
ʹװ벽սһߵսȻûж仯պֻǵмһЦƳɽɫһȦһӣһȻ޾ͽ˸񿪣ƾ˵ʵȻӤֿܵ֡
ã
˿Σգȴûкõİ취ˣãȴᡣ
սУڣһ𡱰ڣץסᣬΪƣͬһ쵶Ȼһ
ৣ
ţȻڵξͶסˣͷ£һϸϸѪۡ
漴Ѫѣžһһ룬ѪһأϢȫޡ
һУ¾Ĵ֮һɡ

һĻ汱棬ɫ䣬Ȼ˵ηηٲȫֻ֣ʮߣżһС
һƽѹһʱҪһԡպã֧穡
ŭתͷ棬Ҫǳ⣬ᣬٺһЦһȦһƣǱʮʽڶʽȻ
ž
һֱӱأһѪ³ɫײ԰ס
ڵˡ
ӦȻһһţһؿڣһѽɫؿڹᴩִһߴѪУӿ

ؿڵĽһߵİӣӣڣ۾һգȥ
һǿߣȻ䣬𾪴ֳ¾֡


878 £˾
¾ǧ֮أ½⡣
¿ڣһأ׻Ʋϵľ޴ɽ֮¡
ʤѩңԶ޷壬ɫҲɴһ˿̾
Ȼݾ֮һ˵ΰǧԶǼаɽ൶ѪߵЩܱͨȡ
ǰ
ԣʤѩҲɸ̾˾½ߴа֮ףֻ̳ڵأͿɿؽĲͬ
˵˵ţЦֵܣһսɷǱѰ˾У˵λΪߴﶥװ벽˾˾µ󻤷и߽װ벽Ϊڼа̽൶֮¡󶥼֮⣬о㶼ﵽнװ벽ĴգԼʮλװ벽ִʹ
ǿƿֲаȫҲδؾһȵ˾ǿ󡣼Ҷи߽װ벽սһλװ벽λ߽װ벽ټλнװ벽ʮλװ벽ӴսʤϣֻҲĳɣϸ˵ܻɣ
Σգֵܿȷ׼ôһǿǾͻڴˣǰ;ͣ
ԣһ漴Цֵ̫ܿСˡȻֵܲ£ĳ̰֮
˵ǲһЦĿ죬ңĳɰѾСˣ¼ʹɣţҽӲ֮ˣֻûô䣬һù󵽵˭˵ˡ
Ǻǣãܺã
ʤѩԣ̲סЦ
վ½һ󶥼а̵̳ɽ£ȴ㲻ӿɺ飬νռѣûбǷС
ɽ
գֻǶһۣͬʱһԾΪ⣬Ȼֱ̬֮ϣҪһаڣ˾

֮ϣʱһ羰
·أɽȴһƬ޴Բƽأƽ֮ϣһƬݻĹͭΪΪ̸ܵν飬̤ƻһ
һаħ̣ƻͻĽ
ʱ˿̣֮ϣȴһһףȻ£ɢƽ̨֮ʱʱһ㱡ķ󷨳֣˸⣬Щ֮࣬ȴ֡
ԶԶȥ֮ϣͬ׺䣬쾪ضľ
ֻе嶥ŷһƬԲλֵм䣬ȴǷƽ˾˿׵ҲޣϸһȥȴƬħ֮򣬲˼䡣
ʱ˿̣ʤѩĵڷµ˾̽ȻҲͷ˵ӰͨѸװãٵĽ¶顱Ϣȥ
ӵϢ֮Ƭ޴ݻĹ֮ϣǾ
漴ĽŲ𣬺ܿ죬һӶ£ؿһ˾ӣʹӹĴ׷ӿڹǰƽ̨㳡֮ϣгΡ
Ƭ޴ĽȺУһҲݻ˿̽Уʮλ֣һã¡
УһѳΣ֮ϣһˡ
һɫۣ֮žλƣϴһߣݣԼɼһѪɷ֮ϲסΧɢ˸еѹ֣ء
ʣ˱˾ڣһ֣Ī˾˾ΪֹȻ˾ѱʳͨȴ˼Ŀ֪
˾ڲԱҲ֪ĳֻ֪Ϊޱȣװ벽սǿÿ£һλļø߽װ벽ĴڣΪԸ˾ΣлС
Уһλ߽װ벽
˿ֲʵų˾Ӵ֯һڶ̶֮ڣ𳬹ʮλİ벽ǿߣ쵼һɶԿʳˣν¡
֮£һһңСһЩİΡ
֮ϣһɫ۵ߣвסһĳɫСϵϢͬ˾Ϣֲ
˱˾ĵڶ˳ơ𻤷ֻ֪ɣΪΪ߽װ벽ڣ֪ͬ
ĳеǱལȴ¿ΧĶֶеĴڡ
һˣһˮɫۣȻһŮӣһ֧գΪϢͬ˼顣
Ϊ˪޶Ķħͷʳļ˾˾ƷˮΡȴˮ֮Уûоʹû䣬һµˮǰˮΣ֪١
˭Ҳû뵽λš˪Ȼδ½³˾£Ϊ󻤷֮һΪͬΪ߽װ벽µĶ֣֪
ֻˣԺɨ¾Ҫ˵֮£ĴգԼʮλִʹİ벽ǿߡ
ĴңʮλִʹͬҸһ룬ȻĮϢŶɭ˸е
Щˣۼڴˣ֪ȻǽӵʤѩɽϢڴ˻ۣӦ֮߶ˡ
ʤѩ֪ǻûеɽϣ˾ΪǶ𶯣ȫ۶Ըķ֪Ǹøеܳľ


879 
֪֪նǻɽ
Ϊɽ֮ǰʵԤϹĽ֣ϣǸƣܲǲɱ򣬶赲ǽħľġ
ʱȥ֮ϣ˶ʤѩҲӦĴʩ
֮ϣ˾˾Ŀˮ̧ͷ·һۣ´ţ𻤷׻գִʹֻ˫ˡȫУʹѡԷսˣСȫԸ֮
ǡ
ͽȥɣ
ԣš˪ֻǵشӦһ𻤷ߣȴ˷ܣ
漴һ֣кİȥȻȲҪʤѩһսˡ
󱲡
״һˮɫ۵ġš˪ȴδкһȥЦų쳤۵߳ȥЦһʤѩΪŴ֮ҽǰ壬ǵУµĸ߽װ벽Ѿλ
ΪᣬͿŰɱҲ̫С½ĶˡҲãȥǰӼֳɣţ裬ʹЩ£Ҳõ߰˰ˣ⣬ͼˡ
˵ţԭص߷ӣֱƳѾʤѩˣսһŲһ֣ʣµİˣ˳ȥ
״׵λĿ߳Ӱȴһ˿临ӵı顣
ôãòײŴ˾棬óûչ׳ΪλľѰ֣ħ£ҲɲҲˣϧ˴õľ棡

˵ˣȴһЦȻϧʮλ벽ͻýħĻᡣݴۣҲء
˵Ϊϣ˾УǿսҲ˾УΨһпʤѩԿĶ֡
ȻûнȥսȻһη֣˲䣬ǰĽʯש֮£Ȼ¶һĶڡ
վеĳһۣ漴ӹһ˿ȻһȻֱͶǺУʧ
뿪֮ûãȻʼ¡¡漴صףʼˡ
⡭

һѾţ֮ٱֶΣǿЩ䳸ף¶
ϴ£ʤѩвԣȻ棬һλ벽ǿߣǰΧһΪߣǴ°˴벽ս˾˾֮ǰΧʤѩǿߵĳ𻤷ˡ
ں󷽣ˮɫ۵һ߽װ벽š˪Ҳ֮߳벽ǿߣظ
ۼһսҪ˭Ҳû뵽Ҫ˪Ҳ֮߳ʱûãȻһ¡¡صס
һĻֹ㳡ϣڶжӶ˾Ǿˣո߳˾˾ʤѩĳ𻤷׻ʮˣҲˡ
ǣ
ô£ΪλͻȻû˾أǻôôû
ԣ
ɫ䣬Ҳ˲ʤѩȫȥ鿴ٵԭʱΪ׵󻤷𻤷ˣ׻š˪ҲɫȻһ䡣
ԣ
𻤷ֻǾȣΪͻȻû˼ڵġš˪ȴɫȻһ뵽ʲôһӣλΪһ֮⣬ֻһ͵˳ûϿա
˾
ȻȻһ֣һȻƥƾ·ĺˮٵϿգϧûκηӦ
ٳûǵ˾Ƕװ벽ľ֣ĴڣôԤȸ֪Σգȫ£
٣ƾװ벽սҲԲû˲ٵķΧס٣˲һ˿һ
ڣ٣Ҳ֣ŵƾǰδа㶯Ҳޣôһλװ벽ͣ
ѵľôãֱûôܣ
ûš
뵽֮ǰΪ˾˾һĹǣɷʱȻԼֻ󻤷ȴΧʤѩ
˵а˳ɰգɱʤѩס˾ҵ
ֻ󻤷ݰգԾͲɣĳɣпܱ˸ƣ˾ټҵʹ˻һ
Ϊ˾˾벻㣬ȴƫƫˡ
֮ǰ뵽밵󻤷ΧʤѩˣȵֳһԵҲûй໳ɡ
ڣȴͻȻ٣ǵ˾ȴҲʧ˵ⲻһı˭ţ
Ǳˣ˾ΧʤѩסĽŲԤߵʱ䡣
٣ߵһʽѡȻǾ˳뿪ͨ׷ȥƴʱ㻹ά𣿡
Ҳ˵ףǶӣλ˾Ѿǣڶˣ
濴ãȻ޴룬֪Եλ𻤷Цһ˵
Ļȴһףϣ˾ӣһ󻩡
Ϊöװ벽֮һԲλװ벽ȴսˣڶӣһλѪӦеΪ
ʵڣǣ㶼ǶԷΧʤѩӻ׷Ų֮һӶѡ
֣ڳˣ˲ĺǵʿһʱήҡ


880 
ʲô
š˪Ļֹô˾еͼԱȫ󻩣һĻ̻̣˾һλ𻤷ߣҲɫ䡣
ȻΪ濴飬һ˲¶Ŀֲƣ״˿жôŭ
˾ôôռϷľ棬ΪҪͻȻ
벻ס
ϣֹ˾ԱҲ벻ס
Ȼʤѩ𼫶а̣Ѫɽׯ൶ţֵİʥٺȼǾޱҲסǣʵ
Ҳֻ˵Է̫
𼫶а̣ѪɽׯȣԷֻһλ߽װ벽ս괫֮һʧҲʲôܽܵ¡
Ψһ룬µģʥٺȼǾޱһս
߽װ벽ԼǾޱʮһλ߽װ벽ܱһλ߽װ벽һսĴ߽װ벽춨սۡ
һսʵºҲףΪʥٺȼǾޱ˴ѡ
̫͹ʤѩʵȻ֪ǲСǰǵһ֡ǲ½Χɱ׼һսٳսԱȫ
̫СûһϳȫԸʤѩȽǵ²֣Ǿޱʮﻹûзãƾͱɢ
գԵģҲֻλ߽װ벽ѣһ˶һλ
һսȻʤˣҲֻܱ˲඼ʤ߽ͨװ벽սȴ˵޵еĴڡ
ƾ˾ʵһλףλ߽ףλнףʮλס
˹ֲݣֻҪһλ߽סһˣȫΧһˣ¶ǿ϶ҲҪ˲Χһˣ˾սʤļʿ֪
ڣ˾ǿսȻսӣһ˺ò׽ûҵͣʵڲһλ˾Ӧøɵ顣
ôм䶼޾Ĺ졣
Ϊʣƾһ֮δؾͲʤѩһս
ټϻд£ӦôռƵǣΪҪӣ
˾˾ô룬ʣΪͻȻٶϷԭռϷ˾һһ˼Σյľء
ڣϵսֻʣ߽װ벽λнףʮλס
սȻ㲻ǣʤѩֵİʥ٣ȼǾޱδؾͲһսǹͬ
Ҫǣʹʤˣ϶Ҳǲʤ
֮УܻһС룬ֻ֮һʮ֮һʮ顣
һıսڳˣҲ󻤷Ĵлʮλʵﵽװ벽ִʹпɥ
Ȼڳ˲д󻩣ϸ¶ų֮ɫ
·ѻ٣Ψһɽĵ·ֱʤѩռݣҪɽҲûлᣬˣƣһʱתֱ£ήҵ˼㡣
һĻ˿ԵĴţʤѩҲףλ˾˾Ȼսˡ
ȻȫΪʲôԭΪһ֮սȻһӼ˲ֹһ
ǣȻ˾˾ߣ˻ᣬȴǼΪ
˵ʧȥ˻ɱ˾˾Ȼ׵ĻᣬЩ˾ԱͬͬŹ
ˣһۣͬʱϣʤѩҡ
ɱ
ʤѩԳˣҲ˾߽ս֮һ𻤷ߡ
һˮɫۣյһ󻤷׻˪

ʤѩһ֣̥
ɫ̥֮ϣʱð޾ıͬ䣬һӾ˳𻤷Լ˾Ա
Ҳҵ־âӰһʽӰѾӵ쾡֮ء
һʱ䣬Σ⡣
һΣ⣬ǰĶ֣߽װ벽۷ġš˪գִʹʹ˾ͨԱ
֮ǿƣȫ֪һսʹԷʵߵ˾˾ڣ˵ѹһ´󽵣ǣһսԲס
ĿǰҪԵģ߽װ벽нףʮףҲһɲСս
ʮ벽ս𵱳ϰʥ٣ȼǾޱҪǿϲ١
Ͼֻ󻤷ͱȵԵʥٺȼǾޱսǿ
𻤷߿Ǹ߽װ벽ڣ׻˪ҲǸ߽װ벽۷壬˵սԶǵİʥʩȼǾޱɱȡ
ʥʿʩ𣬲߽װ벽ڣѾǰʥȼǾޱ֮еǿ֡
ʹʵ֮˾󻤷֮ڶġš˪Ҫһء
ȼǾޱ֮ɫǾޱŸ߽װ벽ڡ
еκһˣǡš˪Ķ֣Ҫ˵ʵߴ߽װ벽ڵġ𻤷ˡ
ټʣµĴգʮλִʹĴУѾӽ߽װ벽ﵽнװ벽۷塣
ʮһ֣սҲԱƽλ߽װ벽
ټ˾ֲ֣ʤѩԸʥ٣ȼǾޱһȰǵмսĻᣬһսԾΣ֡
Ĺ˲侪˷еˣʱʶǰţ·սΨһѡ
һսĽ֮С
ɱ
״𻤷ߣɫͨ죬濴ֻѾߡ
˾˾޹ߣѾͷŭڣСȻǿȻȷ浱Ĳɡ
ߣ
Цſڵף֣Ĵգʮλִʹʹ˾ڣҲԽ֪СɱڴˣαҪ˼˾ȥ
ڵҲˣֻ֣ҿɲԸΪϵ⣬Ҫˣأ
ԣš˪ɫһ仯漴ҲͷҲԣʹ˾ڣҲλ֪С裬ְɣҿڣʮʲôΪ
ʧġ
״𻤷̲סЦֱһԼ¶һſӿݣ˺۵
ֲǣͷȻһ֣ɢŵ֮ɫʳ֮Ужﷸ־

˭Ҳû뵽˾󻤷֮ף𻤷ߣȻʳĻ֮һ
ڵ֣Щͨ˾Уһ¶֮ɫ漴ֲɴϲ۾ϣ
˵֣ɽѪȾֲ
Щھе˾˵һλ֣ټϡš˪ڣʹʤѩʵٸߣǺΣ


881 ǧӰ
ţڣ
ŴԣʤѩҲһ漴ޱ
֣ܺܶͨû˵޵֮УȴǴ
ΪˣһСϵ·һλ칤ɽǧУΪӣҼ񰮣ֶرҩӦɳƵ¡
̰ͼɫ˼ʦ컯֮ңԼʦΨһŮǧɱʦལߡ
󣬴˱칤ɽר׷ɱ
ˣʵݾ֮ף칤ɽͽ칤ɽͨϣǰʮĴڡ
Ҳд̶̼ͣ꣬Ȼ칤ɽ׷ɱĳԱɱ˴룬칤ɽΧգԳƳ棬½Ĵܣټᣬ޶
󣬱ʳ󹩷ֲ׽Σ̣뾹Ȼûȥڴ˳֣Ϊ˾󻤷֮һ
ȻΪ˼˲ܣ츳ȷߣҪȻλ칤ɽҲ
칤ɽ²̶꣬ʹһ֪ͨˣһԾΪһλ벽ǿߣ칤ɽĶ֮һ߾磬ƽļޡ
ΪϳԲŸ˶Ŀ
һˣȻޱȿµģֻҪʱ䣬޵ĳɳȥοлʦǧУ칤ɽ֮һལ
ڣ뿪칤ɽ칤ɽ׷ɱĴӴܣѾʮ꣬ΪȻӸѹе߽װ벽ڣƽװ벽ĵزΡ
ֵȴǣʳĻΣרŹѺ޵Ķħͷûѡ
ɲǷʲôΣεȵطܱȣܲдʳҹأ֮еᱻ·סһΪ
ܴӳʱģ
μ˾Ϊ˾󻤷֮һģ
ƫƫ˾֯ҲЩ֣󻤷һʳеĴһȴǼ˾ˮ
ˣʳйϵһڻΣһˮΣѹʳԡ
һˣȻ򵥡
ʹʤѩҲòԴ޶ԴʥȼǾޱ֮ʱɐ⡣
ȻҲ¾ǡ

ɱ
𻤷ȳ֣һģ£˲ȼֲһصζ
ǳ칤ɽ֮һһ߶ڽľ񹦡Ȼͬױȡ
±칤ɽڲŽΪ˶Ŀ
ʱȻأޣƺһպһ죬еǱ糤ɫСμƷལමȻα䳤
漴ֱ쵽ԼһɳȻһ
˲䣬һɳĳ콣һţʤѩȥ֮ϣʱѿһ޴ĵط죬Ǿ׺ǧԲѵļ棬Ȼһ֮£ֱ
һе֮ɲ
콣ֱӳʤѩҪ߽Ĺȳ˾Ա
뽫һٻɱ¡
һߣš˪״ҲϹۣͬ֡
ΪҲףʱ֣ٳֵĻᶼûˡ
Ϊ˱Ǿжٳ
˪
ֻϣȻӿ޾˪֮
˪֮ϷԲɣţʮɣɣֱʮ
Ͽգȫĺ˪֡
Ʒ˪ˮУ˹뻯ľ磬ڵһЩͨĵƷ½׹
޾˪ţӶһУֻ˲Ҫ˱ΪеĿܡ
ɱɱ档
˹ƣʤѩȴܣЦһˣ
ٶ֮죬ѾԶԶĳŵĹٶȣӰһʩչ֮Թǰţգִʹȴ˸Ѩϵ˾Ա֮С
һɲǼ䣬㳡֮ϣƺȻʮϰٸӰ
ЩӰһгֽȻ̳
͡ХЩ˾ԱȻΪҲҲʹﵽѨ۷֮ǴʱĶ֣Ӧ͵ֿ
ʱһ֣һӰҲ漴¡
Щȫ˫ֶסʺ龪֣Ѫӿֵһ¶ܣһ֮С
ʤѩǱߣס˳𻤷ĳٺһ˦֣ȻӴУٴһ
Լ㳤ģʮ֡
֮࣬ȻСһŵĽεݼͬص
֮ͬ໹ͬСӵӰһ
ͣ
еֳ̥ڹֽȻһ̡
ͬȻƣֵһĻˡ
ʤѩǰȻ޾ɫĽӰһһ飬ʵʵֱֵ˼㡣
Щ˾ӣҪܣȴôӰַΧڡ
ȥһһ̣ȴȻһͷĿڴѾһڶ̽
̽Ŀں漴ֻɢ·ֻǻþ
ʵġ
ǣʲô
Щ龪㵣ţ񽥽ɢֻһһȥͨ졣
ӰǼٵģܵˣȴʵ飬ò
һĻλȺǰġڣҲɴסһʱֵֻæңûʲôð취
ƬƬ˾ӵ£ŭڡ
Сӣʲôס֣
ŻеལǹâţȻѶŭϧһдۣҲҪɱʤѩסЩ˾ӡ
գִʹǰУҲع
漴Ҳһ֣ڣʤѩҪЩ⵽¾˾ӡ
һʢŭ֮µĳ𻤷ټнװ벽װ벽֮ƣʹʤѩеǱӰֽһʼȷɱһֲ
վѲڣǽ·硣


882 Ʒ԰Ʒ
·ʤѩɫȴƽеĺӰֽϻ裬ڰлۡ
ϣƺ˲ǧٺڽ֣Ī⣬ÿһγܴһ
ȻЩʱԡ𻤷ڣԼգִʹȶֶԣʲô˺Ƕڹͨ˾ԱԣǳǧϰٵӰ齣ɾֲĴ
ʱȥµԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽľ
䡰𻤷ʵԸ߳ʤѩһԱ߻ڶ벽ȫԸȻҲʤѩܵһˣȴɲֹµ
һӰᴩһӰ˺ѣһӰ漴¡
Ѫųɻ䣬֮¡
ԽԽľ
ԽԽǻɢ
Ӱ
ڣһЩ˾ԱҲ಻סĵĿ־ˣβӣҲҸʤѩս
ʤѩһ£ҹӣһʱʱʤѩУȴֲħ
˭ӣն⣡
״Ȼ֪ȥܳĲҰܺ裬һʱŭеལһӣʮɫɳ㽫ȳܵļʮλ˾Անɱڵء
Ⱥ֮һ£漴
˾Լˣ㻹Ҫﵱս𣿡
ߣǶֻԼ棬ǵ
һĳ֣ڵΪûֹЩеͽ˾ԱܣǸˡ
ЩһһسԶȥŲӣҡ
Ȼ漴նɱһӳǴսķΧ·ȥ
Щɽˣø˾ԱϣȻðűնɱķգϾһֻ֮
漴˳ɽӶȥʹɱҲɱɱɾˡ
ߵսִǱߵɧҡ
ڡš棬սͬɵһƬʬ˾Ա漴Ҳһͬ˷ȥҲҼħսˡ
ܵԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽɢ
ϣֻʣ󻤷ĴգʮλִʹԼᶨԱڸʤѩ
ɣ
ڣһλ˾߲ԱˣʤѩǱߴ֮Ҳ󣬻꽣˲һɵĽ⣬ʼĽϳ֡
еâƺһɫˮֻһͶһִʹࡣ
ٺһ벽ڵִʹܲһϣ߲ʬ
գ
״š˪ɫȻһա֮ϣ˲ɢֲı˪һɨ
ÿµĺ˪
״Ҳɸܵѹ⡰š˪ĺ˪ȷͬСɡ
츳ɫҪȻҲһɢ֮Ϊ½˾ηĸ߽װ벽ǿߡ
Ҫǣˮ֣֮ԱϺȴһ컯
ˮ֮꣬÷ˣһûûҹҪȻͲˮ֮еĺϮ
գˮекһգĺ˪Ǹһ¥ԭķ룬ԶͨƷܱȡ
˵˰ƷļޣһŰƷĺ˪¯࣬뻯ӽƷ½׹ĵز
һ漣
ϧǣ
ǶһǰƷǿߣ˲ռϷ磬ѹ
ƫƫ֮һ󣬸ҵõڹھ
ĵƷ½׹Զ˪
˪뻯ĳ̶ȣѳԭ룬ӽƷ½ףϾĵƷ½ףҲ޷ĵƷ½׹ȡ
죡
ڣʱ˻ĳһȻƥԶ˪ĺ˪ˮϵעĽ֮С
ذ𳤺ӣ
žž죬ĵذ漴һɭȻз·һɫӣ롰š˪ձڰײ
ͣ
һ漴ԭأβ
š˪ȴɫһ˳ʮѾһ˿Ѫ֮γɵıѣ飬Ϊһرɢڵء
˪Ųϵϣ¶ǲ֮ɫ
ôܣ
ø߽װ벽۷徳磬װ벽ڣ˲С硣
֮ͻƳװ벽ڣʱգʹôƷԪˮЧװ벽ڵľ粢㹮̡
ͨٸ£Ҳδܴﵽ˵ز
ǣʹٿ죬װ벽ڣ߽װ벽۷壬мǻнף߽
˪ΪԱ߳࣬ڵƴϣȻһװ벽ꡣ
һʱܹţɫޱѿ
ᡣ
˪ԭأϴ˴ûᣬŲ˲ƶ˻ΪӰգλִʹ֮䡣
á
ȵš˪Ӧǳˡ
УֻƬ˸ĺ⣬ȥԮԶҽ漴
಻ʮɵľ룬˵ݣӰֻ˸ΣѵЩգִʹǰλнװ벽λװ벽ûз֮£סĽٷֺ
ֻ˼ν˱ȫнԵڷ
ӹн֮Żһ˿ѪĽж졣
СӸ
ſŽļȫһʱ˫Ŀ㲽̤һĲϱƽ
նɽӣ
еգȻһ٣汬ǿҵĺ˪Ͽգ¾罵
漴ȻըһһıЯſֲϢֱϮȫҪ
ľɱ֮УҲƣ֮赲Ҳֻ취ˡ
Ȼ
˿ֲһȴ鲻䣬Цһ֮϶Ȼɫһ漴ٶȾȻٴδеâһŨ⣬һ̳
æ㣬˪˲佫ǰӰᣬ漴һջ飬ǡ
Ӱȴ֪ãȴѳˡ
ͣ
һӰ֣ɫһ˲䶴ʺתͷǲţиӵɫ
ȻϵϢʧеҲڵأʺ˵һ仰ֱ
˾󻤷֮һ׻˪
˪һǰԾеâ£ʣļλѨҲȫһһնɱ۷ΣʤѩǱߵսȦ
֧穣ڣļ룬ֻǶ̶Ƭ̼䣬գִʹˡ
ʣˣһã֪ȥתӡ
ǣʤѩʱҲٱȫ֣λζ䣬סΣ˼ͬһʱ䣬Ա
Уʱֻʣһˡ
һĻһЦȻеལҲЩСС
䣬ལ֮ϣһ£˲ԼʺҪ
ڵأ˰̵ϣҲ֪ǿЦ򵹵ķȴ֪⣬ĵأ
֮ڣҲһĿʼ
֮ף칤ɽ칤ţ


883 𶯻ʳ
һϻʣ˾̷ӣҲ˲ˡ
ǶһۣԭʧӰ٣μӣ˷ȥҪʤѩ׷ɱ
״ֻǵһЦβֻһߵʤѩ
ʤѩʼҲ⣬һӣеĺɫֽ֮ϣȻӳ߰ʮɫӰɫӰһź漴ܿ׷Щߵ˾ӡ
Ǻ͸ǰ͸
ܵĲֹЩѾֻ֮࣬һӳ죬ϧվֻһõԸ
Ѫӿʤѩսʬ壬һʱɫҲЩȻ
Ȼ˾ˣϾһʻ̶Ƭ̼䣬֣֮һɱ˾Աɰǧ
Уֻ֣벽磬ʮˡ
ò˵һɷǳǿϧʤѩ޵磬һļ֮һЩõҲԩ
ֽһһɱ޷пĸܡ
һ뵽˾Աµƽ񣬻˾ϵ£ÿϼճ۵Ѫ
У΢һЩ
΢Ϣһֽ˾ıϴһգ漴һѴ𣬽ʣ˾ջ١
ˣһأŭԹΪ֮׵˾೹׸
ΨһźһΣΪ˾˾ߣⳡĻеȱ
ǣ˾ϾѾˣ˾һ٣½ߴаʱ֮ãڱ
һλ˾˾ѣˣһЩССߣΪǣٷʲôˡ
˲֪ǰγ˾ϢŴ˾ͨԱ룬ɢ˷Ȼ󲨡
ǵһδͥʥӣרΪˣٿһᣬֶ˵Ľ͡
Ͼ˾ճɣһ֣Ĩɱ¸Сׯڷ
漴ʳɳһħ£ųơѪɫұ䡱
ҲΪһս˾Ϊʳͷĸ󻼣ʥŭٴεǲٹ¡ͬʱ¡ָɱ
ɱУʥʥܣ˭˾ڶаħʳ֮صа֮֯ˣʥԴͼ׿⣬͡
޲Ը
ϧȻָɱǿߵĶɱ£ȴ޲ϡ
ʥɳĴٴβҰܣʥʱŭûʲô취ɱһαһη
ϧɱеĽȻǣģȴһֱûȥ
ڣ˾ʳĸǵвԽԽ󣬾ʥʿǷҪʱ˳ɹ串Ȼʥմãگʤѩˡ
٣ʮ֮󣬸ʶǡʹ˼£״ͷ͡
ϢȻʹеĳ˷𶯣Ľѡ
ʤѩˣһУȴȻ֪
뿪ºһˣ漴һƧɽȣ˽Լа֮Ѫɽׯ൶ţʥ٣ȼǾޱԼ˾бȫó׼з䡣
֮䣬ֻ߽̣ڸһа̣аʱǰıһ
Ϊ漸ڣδмʲôرƷҲֻ㿴һۣʱûз䣬ֱ𱣹˵ĴС
ڣھ˽ҲҪֵȻûٸŵĵ϶ҪóͬһþԵĹ
ȣһѪɽׯС
ƶѪɽׯбҲͿһаᲢۣ߸䣬ĸƷǮһʮ˸һ
壬䣬ֱţûʲô֮ʤڶ࣬ȥһÿҲܵõ߰ǮͷϷ
Щţûһʤѩۣ֮ҲͲ⣬ֵʼ䣬һ䡣
֮Уľ֮ڡ
УƷţһƷо
Ʒŷֱһָһ
ָСʥָս֮Ϊָйоأʤأǿһۣ㲻һҲһջ
һС置׹һ潲ٻ鸽ʱڿʵ
涾ʱҪնЫߣ֩Ķʤѩϸֱһߡ
һƷоСˮ΢ȴһˮϵо
Ȿˮ΢֪֮ǴӺεֱӱҪ׼һܲܶ䣬һ
֮⣬ƷֱһѵɫذףһСĳ칭
ذСˮ࣬칭Сǲɶõ
ʤѩ˴μƷˮذͳȴǷۣ׼ɱǮǸҪƷ
ƷǷƷ϶һʱǮԻƷ
Ȼ߸֮УţһƷоƷ֮⣬һЩƷҲƷƷϽ׹Ҳ㲻
գ̶Ʒоˮ΢ΪоЩƷģӦģˮذͳ㶼ʤѩ
ģƷţʥָʤѩһǻǮ֮Ҳν࣬һЩƷҲ䡣
Щ֮漴ִԳ൶ţʥ٣ԼȼǾޱڻõڶ౦
ò˵ΪӵеƷԶѪɽׯǸֲر䣬һʮһ֮ࡣ
вƷʤѩȶ֣Ҳɿǰһ΢ġ
ʮһ֮У߸װűǮԼһЩôֵǮƷʹˣ߸֮УҲʮ򣬵İƷǮ
ڰˣУװǸԼʮ
УΪƷƷƷһֱֻһնѪƷµһڻħѣƷеһöɷ׷࣬ͬΪƷе
ЩҲȫִ򿪵ʮʮһ䡣
ʮ屦УȫţƷ½ףƷнףƷϽףƷףƷƷоԼٱ
ħ̣ڶ̶ʱڣ޵˶ĸţȻвƷ׽ϵߣϾҲвϡرʤѩǰ
ȻʤѩȤģȴһҲޡ
Ҳ֪ʹǿվ̱һԵǿİ˴֮һһҲǧҵĹӣѧȻЩССɿɱȡ
ˣЩҲֵƣȫɱǮǧеģƷԲ˵
ʮһеĶʤѩȤġ
޲ϣаӰħЫĽڵһö޲ϣǳƤţƷϣīʯһ飬һ顣
Ľҩݣ컨һꡣ
֮⣬д̽׶޲ϣݣ׿ʯ


884 ħٸ
ȻЩԶʤѩ˵ķۣ϶ҲҪĶˡ
ЩƷڵĽײϣȴǾԲױģΪⶫʹ˵Ҳѵһϡ䱦
Ϊޣ˷ǿߣƷϣҲ൱ڷģǶмеĺöƽ򲻵
ǣϻһƷе컯һƷߵħͭ׼һλʦƳһġ
Ʒ½ĸ󷨵޷Ⱦָ
ʹ½֮⣬Ŵ֮УҲֻһЩǿߣ׼ڣӵбձ
˵һһʮսһǿı˵õ׾âӵ͡
ǣ½ûڵǿߣҪ˵֮ϵĻâһ
һҲǿĻᣬȻ
ȻƱûô׵飬ҪҵһλʦҪ붯λʦԸ㣬Ҫ׼㹻ĶϣҲҪƷеϣȻ޷ϵƷ
ҼˣҲгɹʵģһʧܣҪȻڲ˵лѳȥĴۣϡϣҲȫϣʧء
ˣһ½Уϡ٣˺У
ǡǡƷеģ񣬾һɹʵġ
Ȼֻһ飬ƷҲֻƷнףƱʱҪƷƷļֵȴԶԶһƷߵࡣ
ԭӵ컯ħͭҵʦɹҲ͵ÿȴܴƳɹļʣԼһɳɹʡ
ƷھŴݣҲǶȻŹ
ڵıУֵȼƷѾ֮ϲ
ͬģʤѩԣͬޱȡ
ΪУͬҲһƷģǾ̥
̥ʵӦýĸǱϹʦһΣȻƷףӦǱ
ⱦͨƷƷƷ
ʤѩ֮ѡ̥ΪֻΪ⣬ǴμƷɱȡ
гһգҲһλʦ뽫´죬ͬԷ֮ֻһ飬˭ɻãͿԼѡˡ
⣬ƷеϣīʯҲһϡϣ估񣬵ϲʿ˵ֵȴʤ
䡣
ƷټϻдӰʥٸħ塱Ʒħ壬һ˷ֵ
նѪħ壻ʤѩڻħѣɷ׷ࡣ
Ϸ棬һջʤѩīʯǳƤʤѩħЫڵôƷݣ޲ϣΪϵĿΨһһƷ컨зָʤѩ
Ķݲһ¼ֱֵӶ԰֡
һԴϲ˶׬һʱ
һεջҲ֮Уǿһڣ˾
൶ţʥ٣ȼǾޱڣõĸֱֻܹװʮһ䣬ֻ˾һڣ߸䣬ֱɲ
֮ȴֱ̾ϧΪʵǿ˾˾ߣǰԴ˴Ʒ࣬мֵģȴ޼
ȾĸıǮĸ䣬ƷǮֵҪԶƷǮ֮£һ
УǴŴţ϶˾Լĸң޶һ౾
УΪƷϽ׵Ʒף⻹߱ƷţһƷоһƷо
ƷƷţȻԼʤѩķۣƷоȴ۾һС
ƷоΪնؽһʮǿԵİν˵۷壬һγٶȿÿն¡
Ȼ϶һŵ˵˼ʵ֮ʱն¹⡣
¹ⶼһնν֮ʱٶȣѾ¹⣬նؽ塣
˵ȻһǿޱȣֵκһȥоϰؽһɹԼĽв˼Ӱ졣
˵ǽ˲һ̨ףҲš
һƷоЩر
оСħٸһȽϾ̵ֱ֣߸
һŽ˶ʱ䲻жҪҵһֱȽϡеħӣԴ仯Уſɹ
һɹҲǿ
ħٸͿٻһħٳһĿٻ߰ʮǷǿߣһٻʮϰ롣
Щٻħ٣˲֣䲻⣬˲䣬ͰԼסˡ
ٻħ٣յħƷʺ͵Ƚ׶ȣƷԽϡУȽԽߵħӣٻħ٣ȻԽǿԽѡ
ǿħ٣ǿߣҲδزס˲
ȻҵֵȽ׵ħٹ֣ȻҲûô׵飬һжҪԵ
ͨϵӣһɹܷӵҲǲСģֻҪԼʵǿܷӲݺӵ
ҪǣħٸԼʵǶǣĶĵط
ڴս֮ʱһܳ䲻⣬ͻȻһסʤֻ֮
һԶһ߸࣬ɷӼãԶסˣȽһˣͲ뱻ΧΣգƣڱ
˵һּǿĿǳŵҲǵһμҪ˵ʤѩһŷǳĿڴйŴеõĻҪǿöࡣ
ȻѶҲǿöࡣ
Σ˲ʵǣôű⣬ҲΨⱾ˲ֲһĶ̰壬ʵ
˶
ȻնؽļֵҲͬСɣѡ񣬻Ҫı䣬ûֵӵƷˡ


885 ұ
䣬װĿĸֱƷƷƷһԼ߰ʮԶڡ
ȻЩ棬ƷƷΪϾƷǴײˣȻһЩ̫࣬һʮ㲻
֯ȻҲǳ
Ȼһǡš˪ǼգģļҲԶ༸ˡ
ҪǵģƷ֮⣬Уһԡ𻤷õĴμƷལ
ǿµһڣ칤ɽĶʹ칤ɽĶ֮УལҲǰʮλĶ
Ϊ칤ɽµһţͬʱҲµһڡ
ӵеļƷԶڵģ£аɽЩεģļƷ㲻
칤ɽһڣپĿܸࡣ
ǵĸ֮һ𻷡УһƷ𻷡һڷУ
һеɵ㾦ʡһһ鴸֮ҲԵʹá
Ϊǵھ۷֣칤ԪյļƷȻ࣬˵׼С
칤ɽĵ̣Ǳ޷ġ
ҲΪ˶ļƷǰʮȻûмμƷལܼǰʮ壬Ѿļֵ
˵˵ƷлõμƷ𣬾ֻиڵĶǿߣһЩ콾ᣬսͱһõǻܳ۵ġ
ļֵԶԶƷ䲻ƷҲ಻Զˡ
¾ʤѩ½ϵľ콾괫ǰҲԲӵһѣҴ໹ǽãƽǾûᡣ
ĴμƷâʯ̽
ʤѩȴϾʿް׺徳ʿް۵ĽμƷ̥Ͼʿް֮֮ǰսԼ˾ӣóǱӰֽǧӰ徳ʿڶõĽ
ǧӰμƷһӳܲǧӰƼٻ棬Լ棬ɼ٣˲ת
Ҳ˵ЩӰȿԵޣڣҲ˲佫תΪʵĽ壬ɱΣȻһĴμƷ
ʤѩ֮ѡμƷΪ֮ǰõĴμƷ̥ʵ˵ףһϴɵģߣۿƷʣȻԶǧӰȴԲĴμƷ
ˣϾʿ޶ðʱѡ̥ΪʣʹУѡǧӰȴΪʵǣȷҪһϵ
ǧӰһܼ󷢻ʵʵ
ڣһμƷǰɫСȴôܷӵúãδâʤѩǧӰ
ˣη䣬Ȼһ⡣
ǲûżԽ⣬˵ǵԽǷûзᣬȸ֮鿴ȥ
߸䣬ϡ޲ϣʯݣҩ
޲׷껢ǰߣ汩ܵƤһţڵһţƷµݰ߲һ꣬ƷеĽ硱һö
Ʒ߽ϣһ顣
ȫ֮󣬼ʹʤѩҲɸ̾˾ȻǲĴ֣Ҳ֪˶ССţ޵˶챦⻹˾˾ǰߵĺûߣǵջֻ¸ࡣ
漴ҲʧЦ
Ϊ˾˾Īߣ˲׵Ľ˾½ಿλĴȻƾ˵ʵڶԸڣԼš˪ͬʱҪһλװ벽ɥģ˻ǶԷ˵
̫̰ˣջѵ֮£˾˾ûߣĻ飬ã
ҲΪˣʹսѾȥһ죬һ޴δ⡣
ǾǣΪ˾ӦôռϷ磬ǵλ˾ȴĪսأ˵Ӵһҵ²Ӧ÷һλ۵ϡ
൶ʥȼǾޱЩСڣ߽װ벽սҸһսһλװ벽ӦǲŶԡ
˾˾ѾߣҲֻܷУʱԵõˡ
۷顣
ǶĵģǱƷоնؽƷоħٸƷһμƷԼ߸֮еĴƷ޲ϣƷݣƷǿƷ߽١
˵ÿһǼֵ֮ƷпޣܶһЩǮÿһĶ
ջǴҵģǲܶռУѵһ֮
ƷоնؽʤѩƷоħٸ
μƷལƷ׷껢ǣ汩Ƥڵȫʤѩ
Ʒµݰ߲ݣƷеĹȫʤѩһƷߵ١Ʒƽ֡


886 뾩
գֱ֮ΪƷоˮ΢һƷоħٸһƷšʥָһƷնѪһѣƷħһߣμƷལһ
ƷƷ޲ǳƤƷߵ١һ顣
ģǮǧ򣬸ʤȥһǮ֮ֵһᡣ
ʤѩ֮ֱΪƷоնؽһƷšһƷڻħѣƷɷ׷࣬ƷˮذͳڣһżƷ
Ʒ޲׷껢ǰߣƷ޲汩ƤڵһţƷ޲ħЫڵһţƷµݡ߲ݡһ꣬Ʒµ黨컨һ꣬ƷеĹһöƷеīʯȵȣȵȡ
ټϴƷͱǮԼӼаֵõĸƷ
գ˵ջ񣬴ﵽĿĳ̶ȣ˵һϦҲΪ
Ȼڻа֮˾ʹԲ쿴һɴʱһ£ŷЩаŵĲƸǳԼ
Ҳʮ顣
Ͼ½ϣǿΪһλ߽װ벽ǿߣѾﵽ˴½۷壬ȴװ벽ԼķǿߣܵС
ɶװ벽ķǿߣмˣ
ԣ߽װ벽ļޣһλǿߣþһռĲƸȻԶԶ˵
±ǳɰǧѨԪǿߣвƸۣҲȲһλ߽װ벽
ϾǾ̫ͣܽӴıޣԽϣǼֵԽġ
ͺͳǧͨһܲҹ׬ȡ΢뻹ֲһλĸֻ̣һͷʱ׬ȡĲƸ
ڣɲֹӵһλ߽װ벽аλϡ
Уһλװ벽ʣµнװ벽װ벽ʮλЩˣԻֻӶĵССֲ֪
ˣӵôľ޴ƸҲͲΪˡ
ֻϧԼûõ٣󶼱Լʤѩˡ
õƷУӣԼдõģ˵ҲǱƷоˮ΢ƷоħٸƷƷߵ٣ԼǰѴ˾󻤷֮һ𻤷еõĴμƷལ
Ʒоˮ΢֮Уʹˮϵһ
ʱգȫպˮ֮ؽǡ
һΪ֮ΪȻҲ֮ǣȻһݺӵĶš
һƷоħٸΪҪ
Ȼû뵽ʲô;ȥŪϡеħӣҲûʽоǼˣҲ֪Ȿожô
䣬ƷоȻϡϾǧҲвٱеָȣǱȽͨġ
࣬ȴǾԵϡѵһ
پ̤޵ħٸĵһоҲ˵ĵһƷо
˵ᣬʶǳûлڶопԭ
˵Ϊ֮һ󶥷ӰǰĺĵӣҲû˵Ǿ;żȻˡ
ֻ˵оʮ󣬼ʹڸУҲǾټڵġ
ټϣԴйŴ֮УõϹŽǿߣġȻֻСɣѾ֣Ƶʹá
Ȼǿ󣬲ܳƵǰо͸֤ʵˡħٸļֵ
Ѿ룬ʤѩֱ֮󣬸õȥ߶һһϡеħӣⱾħٸɹ
һɹأֲܼĶ̰壬ս
ҲķѣҲҪȡͬʤѩķУⱾħٸķȨ
ǴμƷལ
Ϊµһڡ칤ɽУǰʮĶ֮һļֵö˵˿ʯõǱâ֮¡
ֻǴ˽Ͼ칤ɽ֮ǱҪʱ˺칤ɽʲôǣ
ǹʳݲãҲΪһ֮һ
ҪǣལâԽȻͬһӽϹšɽĳΣһȴĽø죬ͬϣܷӳͬ
ȻƷϣ١
ƱĳɹʣҲһֲɶõĶġ
˸ܼ뵽컯ħͭƵǱУƳɾͱƷʣԭƷΪƷƷΪƷҲûпܡ
٣һϡпʯܴһļͶȣﵽ಻ĵزһƳɹƷȻҪԭһСأֵԶ
ӵ㹻ϣԼҵʦԸΪ֮ǰûκãȻʱҲֻоĴУϢһʱˡ
ȵ׼һвϣҵһλʦԸΪһֵڴ
ƷȻҲ󣬵ȴʱá
ҲĪ˵ΪʱѴﵽ޵Ϊ۷һС֮һͨеıУҲûʲôˡ
ȻȻЩãҵһɱǮҲֵǧǧ
ǧǧƷǮҲһʾ޴ĲƸԹĶܶʱƷ
ˣ˼ôʱߴа̾Լʱûʲô£ҲҲʦӰգǰ˲ԶʳһˣֵĸֱͨԼòϵģͨͨһЩԵɱǮһԼҪƷ
ǰǣ
һǱΪʳĵ۶ʳΪַ֮ء
ҲΨпܳԵҪֵһȻһЩƫƧСط¾ֻۣҲûܳԵµģͬʱЩƫƧСطҲδҪĸ߽Դ
ȻΪǾĴС
¿;ǲԶƾĽų̣գһգɵȻԶǰǳۣԽʱԽ٣Ȼõġ
Ҫһ㣬Ҳǣ˺ʤѩԼ½ߴа̣ˮ
ɽһѰͻнװ벽ѰԼʦͨ塱á
װ벽ڣʱǧɡŮһ֮ԼѾֻж̶ĸʱ䣬нװ벽ڣңңڣҪ˵۷塣
ҪټȥҪǰŸ·ʱ䣬ʱ㣬Ҳ£¡
ʱ䣬ӳװ벽нװ벽ڣڣǻΣʱڣܶȻõһʾ޴ܸıһ˵ĻԵ
ôʱ䣬ҵһܸıһ˵ĻԵ˵쿪࣬Ҳˡ
ڣԼаõʮöƷԪˮѾȫϣҲֻöƷĻϵԪ֧һʱ䣬ˮн
һöƷĻϵԪҲϣٶȽ󽵣ǰôٵԶԶнװ벽ڣٶͽһأȻӲܡ
ԣԴ½ǣȻпӵԴ
ȻҲΪ㼯ĺ˻ĵĶǿߣϢͨ
ҲԴԼʦӰʱϢţжʦĵվԭаҲʱ̽ʦˡ
ǰ˵Ը
һ֮£ҲѰԼͻƵĻԵټѰʦҲǣȻǷȥɡ
Ŀĵغ󣬱׼ڴ˷ֵʤѩȻҲı⣬˵Ҫͬһ̣ȵٷֿ
ҪƷҲͬһ֣ͨá
ͻнװ벽ڼͬҪԴ
ˣֻж̶̼·̣ͬȥǰϵԴԳۣԼ֮ٷֵ
ʤѩĻȻҲܾϾͬУܺùµһˡ
ûоֱӽƷպú漴Ƿ򣬼۶ȥ
Ҳ֪ΪǸ˾ټа̵ϢѾ˷ǣʥʽگ뾩ʮպ
Ȼ֪ϢҲ˳ŷǶȥǺʥʵȴһ֮¡


887 ˲ħϣ
½⣬Լʮ֮һռع󣬽ݻľ޴ɫׯԺ
⴦ׯԺΪׯռӵ֮أɽкϪȪľһ棬ǴȫֱֲһСС
ȻԶʮǰ⴦ׯԺʱټãľ񣬸ʱ̧ŸϡĻʯׯ
ƫƫȴûκ֪⴦ׯ˭
ʮ֮߰ǰׯ׽ɹ֮нȫǲɢʧͬڹ
ټׯճά϶ҲҪ˴ʮȥȴû˵йһˡ
죬ɡ
ׯڴ󲿷ݵʱУǴڿռ״̬żȻеƻ𴫳˻ɣ浽û˾סǲһׯ
ʹǾסׯľҲûκ˼ׯ˾ס͵͵ȥ̽һЩҹׯˣҲûлˡ
в·޵ǿߣҲΪУǴӴ伣ͬڹһ㣬ʧӰ١
ڣׯΪǸ֪һأأû˸׽롣
Ȼһҹׯȴƻͨ浽ȼ޴ճׯģһƬͨ
ԼɼдĺӰɢׯԺܣ䡣
ĴǾ޴֮ϣһߴӰͷڣаɫƣϴһߡ
һѪɷ֮ԶԶɢȥе˶еѹֺͳء
ʤѩڴˣֻ±ϵó˱ǵаɽ֮ʱֹһλǿߣʳ塱˾죬ʥʵĵڶ֣ƿʳڰ֯˾
˾ߵЩҴ˾ԱڴˣҲϵóһߣƳۣǱˣʤѩɱ£˾ʱλδսӣĪԻٻҵˣ˾˾һλװ벽Ķǿߡ
ȻͻأںһһĪıоȴ˵ĿС
˭Ҳûϵʳڶƹ̷¶ļ˾˾Ȼ⣬һôݻׯԺ
ǿɲѪ˽ԼƵġ˾Ӧ顣
ɸûõΪʲôʳġ˾죬ȻΪ˷ʳĵһа˾ˣ
ڱҪʱǺòγɹģ˾һѪֶʤѩͣ
ʱ˿̣˾Ѿ׸˾߲㣬λߵ˾˾һҴ棬ȫʤѩ¡
˾ͨԱѣʣڶ̶ʱһʳĶҷʧӰ١
˾˾Ҳûз֮
һ½װ벽ûмˣ˾˾ʳڶȨ˾˾˾죬һҲ˵ùȥˡ
Ϊ˾죬Ȼһλװ벽ǿߡ
ҲԽΪʲôʳıɾ£ȴϢǰ©˾ɸֵӪдɱһͨǰ¶פȫɱһգ¡
˾ܵӦֻ߲֪ȴǰй©ⲻ˾ͣΪλ˾죬֮ˡ
һɱаħ֯˾һڽħŵķ¶˾ְ¾ǿߣһѻѾӪո⡣
ì֮ȴޱȣɺ֪ġ˾˾˾Ƿ׽Ȼͬ
Ϊ˾˾ǡ˾죬˾˾˾ʥɳĴܴ졣
˾ոСŷչ죬Ѹ٣ʳаʵ
ܽͣΪ˾еҪ߲㣬󻤷еġ𻤷ڣ׻˪㶼ʳ֮еˡ
ڣΪʳ֮еĴն
ʳĻ֮ѣܡ
¡һλø߽װ벽ǿߣڴ·񶤣ƣдʳ£һλΪȫĸ߽װ벽Ҳ൱һͨˡ
һͨˡ
ԣӲˣȴ˾ϣֻһͣǾǡڣǱ˾ͷųȥġ
һλš˪򵥡
Ǳ˾׽ǹڼ˾ˮΡ
ܽ롰˾ĵ̣ڡ˾ļ֮½һλаħߣԡ˾쵣ʳһ֯˾˾ûܹ
ԣֻͬһ͡
š˪ȲǱ˾ߣҲԼӳǱ˾ץ룬ȻһݽųΪ¡
ԡ˾ݣҪвԷаħ֯˾ΪЧͣҡˡš˪Ĺ츴
󻤷ˣĴգʮִʹǰ벽Ϊֻн׺ͳףҲͨ׶ʱ޵˵ġ
Աһ¼а̣Ѫɽׯ֯ȻҲжǿ򣬵޵ĸ֣Ҳһλнװ벽װ벽ϼˣСèСֻ
Щδص˾ʲôʱһӳʮ˾λ벽֡벽ֲǴײˣ붼Ҫ롣
ЩȫΣ˾ץаħΪ롰˾ԼΪЧңܵõɡ
ô˲õаħ˾һܵõʮʮλ벽£Ҳںֵˡ
󻤷ˣĴգʮλִʹ˵ȫд󲿷ݣ϶ʳλ˾ڵΪƿЩʳĵڶȨµļ˾˾˾죬ΪҪô
һߴʳͷ£أһһԿʳΪΣ
òµҲ䷢չϣδزʳ⣬Ϊȴڶ̶ʱԸ买ֶͣ
ò˵˾ľٶĪ⣬Կߡ
ҹӳ˾˱ʤѩ¾ȴĪ⴦ׯԺ֪׸óƺΪ˾˾ʳ塰˾к


888 ˲ħ£
Լ簵͡
ص˾˾Ҳʳĵڶ塰˾죬ɫۣͷߣվڶ֮ϣңģһ
紵ǣ졣
ƺڵȴЩʲôƺڴЩʲô
Ҳ֪˶ãֻ֪Ѿкܳһʱ䣬Ȼ
žڰ˹ϿգȻһεĹââԽԽȻΪһԲȦԲȦУǧǵ壬һ⴫ģ
ˣ
˾״Ǹϵ֮£һ˫۾ȴ¶һ˿ϲɫ漴ٲԥһݣȻֱƯεϿա
εϿգһֱյһöɫơ
ɲǼ䣬⻪ţƺ޴Ĳγʮɸߡ
ȵĿĹâһţ沨ƽ˾ӰѾʧƺֹ
ׯλãЩڲĺӰȴһֲ֣ɧ밵
ׯеҲһƬһƬϨճ׹һƬڰ
ƺڴ֮ǰҹׯɺʹ󲿷ʱһ˼һƬռš

һʮصĵط
ããƺһƬܣȴһаɽ壬ֱζɢаգƺһЩʲô
ɽ֮ϣһʮ־޴ţֱΪǬ㡢ޡ롢ҡ
˴ţϹŰԡ
УǬΪ죬ΪأΪɽΪΪףΪ磬ΪˮΪ
Ҳ˵˴ţֱȻ졢ءɽס硢ˮ
ͬʱַţϹʥͶطλʱڵȵ˼ӦסڡĿ㡢ɡ֡Ȼһ
Ȼһɽ֮ϣǸΪ𡱵ķţȻ
漴Ȼ䣬˸УһɫۣߵӰȻ֡
䲻Ǳˣʳ⣬ׯ̤봫˴˾˾˾졣
ƺģĿܴ⳯һۣȴֳԼɽ֮ϣʱȻǼ޶ɿЦһ
ǳסе㼱ˡ
ѵĻᣬмˣ͵ӣҪȱȫ˲
ţҲûж˵ʲôֱϥ£Ŀ
ûжá
Ȼɽ֮ϣһҲȻ漴ַŴһĿĹ⻪ֵɽ֮ϣȻҲһӰ
˹ģһð׹ǵѪ磬ͫаĸо
Ҫǣ£һ᲻Ķо࣬ħ
֮ʱμӹϾʿ޵ĸڲֻ࣬ϵóǵϿգ֮ʱҶ֮ҳ顱ף޵ʧʮ겻ġݹħԶ졣
ɽ֮ϣĿһɨֻɽˣʱһ漴ȻЦĳ֮ˣ˱ĳҪһЩ¸£
Զ쳣ͬҰĥڶУȻһаӿѪڵĸо
ȻһĻɽ֮ϵġ˾죬ȴһЦһ۶ġݹħԶ죬ڵԱó׾ӵֶΣħƺδزؾһɲ÷ĵط
ãܺá
ԣɽ֮ϵġݹħԶ죬һѪͫɭɭضһһߵġ˾졣
ٺЦһ˵˾үѵǣһɢޣıȵϼҴҵλȨصʳ壬ٺ٣ٺ١
ȻʱֹҲ֪ⷬȴĶԡ˾Ƕᡰħƺ֮ظеηŲơ
˵˲䣬Ȼʣɽ֮ϣһĹâ
ɽɽ塣
ˮĿɽ塣
Ӱͬʱ֡
Уɽɽϣһλɫ멵ˣɽ֮ĺۣ¶һЩĵס
ͷ֮ϣ¶н̣Ȼһλɮˡ
ɮʥס֡ʦ£ߴ֮һ츳ߵһλҲʵǿһλ
пܽס֣ΪһĴڣȴʮǰĪ£ɱʮλºĵӡ
ΪţԼʦֱ֣ɮĵصɮɷˣﱻ٣ʧӰ١
£ǵ䶯һʱĴ飬°δ֮ұ֮һԸ˶ᣬȴ£޵е֮һ
´䣬ƹܰҳ飬Կλֱɮȫߣ֪١
ڣҲҺȻռһɽ壬˵֮ҲǳĬһԲɽϣȴЩʲô
һߣˮĿɽϣϹһǳһλǿ׳ýߣϵϢ϶߹һһĪ档
ס֣ʦ£ߴ֮ơ
Ӣţʮǰ򼩲һħͷͬھʱ޵һϧ
û뵽´䣬ഫûֻ´Ѫħűɮץ£һǼʮꡣ
Ͼʿʱ˾ȳͺɮʥݹħԶ죬£ȡ߰ҳ飬ǧħǧĶڣ׻
գص¸ֽ趥ӣﻯʱӵսǿǣסһʱƽ
ˣҲʧأʵһʱ˵ʮ궼ģƷɽʱûд磬űסš
۵ƺͺɮݹħԶһ֪ͬ٣û뵽Ҳ
֮ĿԵġݹħԶ͡˾һۣЦħ˾˵öԣ˵ؿħƺλ飬ϵħ渴գ㻹ͣá
˵һ٣ٴ΢Цŭطˣ֪ģڻûйˣ㻹ôδز߳֡
ߡ
ԣݹħԶɫѿЩԣߵƿԵطˣҲη壬ķվֻһĬ
ʱ佥ţħƺ֮ϣ˷ӿһΣյʱ֣һɽ֮ϣ˶


889 ħ
Ǵ硱ɽ塣
һɫһɫ˳۵ӰȻڵ˵ǰ
ƽϢ¶ĿȻֺɴ˴Լһ˾ˡ
ķĿŭƽɨȵһۣ漴Բ۾ĬȻɽ֮鿴һ˿쳣
ź۷Ůӵĳ֣ħƺɽ֮ϣǺɮʥ۵ƣ֮ǰгͻġ˾죬ݹħԶ죬ȻǲͬʱɫһݣɫЩ
ں۷ŮӳûãȻ족Ǭɽ壬ءɽ壬ͬʱâ漴Ӱͬʱ֣ڳ˾һ
족Ǭɽ֮ϣֵһλߣͷڣһߣֻ¶һ˫۾
ʹˣֻҪ˫۾һۣҲ鲻ԽΪ˫۾У¶飬׵־
ʹֻһͨˣ֪ΪҲܴӴ˵ϣоƴȨɱָо
ǾԵһλˡ
ءֵɽ֮ϣֵһӣָ֮ϴһöָһߣԵĶţβ
ϲûκαȻһ֣һ񽣣ģκˣɵΪ֮ĿаСơ
˵ĳ֣˲䣬ͰħƺɽĹâԶȥ
ˣδɽ֮ˣʹΪһʱۣ֮ʱȴҲɵȻʧɫ
ոûõĺ۷ŮӣԼ֮ǰġ˾죬ݹħԶ죬۵ʥ۵ƵˣȻҲһͬվ𣬹Ϊ׵һ
֮
ɣ
ԣ족ֵǬɽ֮һӣ˱оһȻĪϮ
ʹ˽Ƕװ벽ǿߣ½Ϊ۷һСȺˣڴһ֮£ǸеԵֿɷ׷ֱӣֺȻ
磡
Ҳֻзľǿߣпӵͣһӣλװ벽ǿͬʱ
ΪɲЩͬ磬ԶԶͨ벽ܱȵġ
λصɽ֮Ȼһλǿߡ
½ȥԼʥʾˣмˣӵд˵Ⱦ磿
סֿҶɮӰаɽɽߡǧս½ʣµķܹҲֻλ
ͻȻðһµķף½ķһλ
ڵ޵磬ǿҲֻȿˡ
һʱ˼ǧɰв²ߵݣĪǣһڵԼ٣
ֻǣȻ߳ڴˣȴͷߣԸϳݣҲȥ̽ܡ
ʵֹɽ֮ɽ֮λˣɽ֮λ۷ŮӣԼɽ֮˾죬γûд߻Ǹɴ
ˡ˾ѱʶĴڣʹߣҲһۿԱ֮⡣
ˣɶݼΪ֮ˣû˸ȥ̽ǵܡ
´ʱûдʾ˵ĺ۵ʥ۵ƣݹħԶ죬ʵĴǰ¶ݣǵĿ
޵Уթƭûг̬
ˣûһǼ򵥵Ȼ¸ǴСħƼĵط˳飬и˵ļƽϣԵĴ㡣
ǣȫͬһʱ˵أɼ˵ضǵҪԡ
һγλװ벽ټһλϵǿߣһŵɽ壬ڴˣһĻֻ𾪵Ըӣеˡ
ȻһĻȴڴ˵ݣ޵缸û֪£λҪôһҪôһҪôԶаħҪôǴڸɮ
ˣһΪ£յͼıʲô
ˣܲܳԱ˳ţܵͷ⡣
ԣҪ˵ûʲôܣıֻ˵ȥš
Ҫ˵ЩУ˴£㽫串ĺɮʥ۵ƣݹħԶˣԼҪ߸ʳ˾ˡ
λݵλԶ֮ϣĪˣ
ȴȻ⵱ȻҲǵĵһξۻᣬо
ɽ֮λأŰߵߣĿһӶ漴ڵʼɣ⣬ħ棡
ԣˣƺԤϣȴһ졣
СݹħԶħħûеǲҪٵһȣ
ߡħĿϣһӶ漴ҡҡͷħҪ£ڴһɹǶħһͣԱλ飬ݲμӡ
ѵ룬㿪ʼɣ
ǡ
״ݹħĿɫƺ˽ĵħħӹһۣ۾ӹһĨޡ
漴˵Ĭȴߵٴοʼ


890 ۷
ħĿ⣬ɨһۣ漴ͬһ۵ĵɮʼʵߣȿʼɣ
ǡ
ԣǰŵĵɮλħĿ£ȴƸеһ޴ѹ
˵Ҹ¥ħߡ֮Ѿ֣Ǿᡣ
䣬һӣжʱһĽɫᣬǰһӡ
ɫ£ħһữΪһ⣬ʱ뵽ϡ
򿪿ۣ۾¶һ˿֮ɫͷ˵ȷħߵĽ֮ɵò̱ȷѫɣ
˵꣬һӣǾɫٴǰããƺֱĴۿҪƺ֮УʧӰ١
ڴʱħƺ֮ףһ󼱾緭ӿһɫӰȻ֣һţʱǾɫ븹С
漴ɫϹ⻪գǰ֮ϣд֡
ơȡ¥ڱħߡ֮ɶȣɹħѫʮ򡣡
ܹѫʮ򡣡
ǰгֵ壬۵У¶һ˿޵ϲɫ漴ͷһﲻ
ħЦЦĿһɽ֮ϵġݹħԶ죺Ҳ˵˵
Ѿɡ
ԣҡɽ֮ġݹħԶ죬һͫ¶һ˿⣺ḺڱҳѾ֣ĿǰڵʥɮС

˵ͷħ۾ɽɽ֮һ£ͷ̵ֽĺɮʥʥ齻ɣŴ£Ҳ˴ùѫҲһݡ
ǡ
ԣģɫɽɽ֮ɮʥ¶ִӻһͣ漴һס
ҳ飬ɢƺƷ⣬ֱӳħƺȥ󣬼ħƺеҲһڡ
һĻۡݹħԶ죬۵ƣǡ˾죬۷Ůӵȵȡ߸ϵضħҲɵͫ΢
գǵħ̾Ϣһ˾Ϊ֮Ʒߡ顯ˡȻֻаҳҲ֮
ˣҲͬı顣
Ȼ֮𣬵λ֮ߣеĲƸ֮Ӵ󣬶ڱһƷҲ԰еС
֪ҪʹǳµĵʥҲҽ֮ΪУֻýеĲʣ˵ȣȾָ֡
ħƺ֮УһεڵøӾң漴Ӱٴγ֣ǰҳС
Ƭ̺帡֡
ݹħȡڱҳ顯Լ֮ɶȣ˳ɡħѫʮ򡣡
ݹħܹѫʮ򡣡
һĻɶֻ˰˳ɣԼƫƫΪԼõֻн֮ȴûʵʵıԹѫԷ۵ӹһ˿
ſݹħܹʮĹѫиӹһ˿Ľ̰
ʱ˵أȻʲô춯ֻǿѹе̰񣬱ƽؼȴ
ħħƺϿոֵ壬ĿڡݹħһӶ漴ɨԱߵĺɮʥЦʵݹ˵Ѿɣƫƫδµڱ֮Ӧˣɣùѫƽ֡
ǡ
״ɮʥҲԥ漴һ֣ٴνһħƺ漴帡֡
ʥơڱ顯֮ħѫ򡣡
ʥܹѫʮ򡣵ܹѫʮ򡣡
״ɮʥ۵ƣУӹһ˿ϲɫ
˲˽ħѫǵֻ֮ԼףЩѫ֮ףжħ¶ٹͲŻ
ΪݹħȡʱаæգݹħֻȡҳĽĹͣȴָˡ
ԣֱӽ֮ϣһ˵õѫҲ֮ϲΪⱾͲǵ
Ȼ
ħ״¶Ц⣬ɽɽ֮ϵĺɮʥĹѫѾָˣȻеˣǷأ
ԣɮʥȻ֪ѯԼĽȡ
Ҳԥбв֮
䣬һ֣Ʒ׷ɶȻһ̱ᡣ
ű֮Ѿ֣ΪʽС
Ӱ֣̱븹У漴д帡֡
ʥȡڱ֮ɶȣɹħѫʮ򡣡
ʥܹѫʮ򡣡

аɽڱаȡ֮Ѿڴˡ
˾죬һӣһ߳̾׷ɶΪһ⣬ħƺġ
Ӱ֣һڽ̾븹Уɫ帡ա
ȡаɽڱаȡ֮ɶȣɹħѫʮ򡣡
ܹѫʮ򡣡
ڱŪ׺١֮䣬Ѿڴˣա
ɽ֮۷Ůӣһӣһصıɫҳƽɶħƺġ
Ӱһγ֣䱡ҳָ֡
衣ȡڱŪ׺١֮ɶȣɹħѫʮ򡣡
ܹѫʮ򡣡
ţ
ǰֱ˾ֹһֱûʲô飬Ͼ˷ֹͬΪȡⷨѶȵĲͬõħѫҲм졣
򵥵¥Ϊʵȡ¥ڱħߡֻ֮õѫʮ
ݹħԶ죬ΪȡõǳƷȻֻаߣǣùѫҲжʮȻռ˴ˣҲܡ
ڣһ׵ΪιѫȻ֮ǰˣڻóƷġݹħԶ֮£һ¾Щ
ǣԷõܹѫȻߴʮ򣬼ֱš
ǿɶʮףҪѶۣܻһ㹦ѫ
޲ǻ˲֪꣬ŰлܵʮѫڵһˣһͻʮǳԾͬʱҲ⣬𶯺ͻɡ
һ뿴۷ŮӣԳơ衱ŮӣкøкͼɵͬʱҲһ˿֮̽⡣


891 ̱
Ȼ˶ඥǿߵĿ⣬۷Ůȴɫƽž޲ֻǾһɶصķϣĿ
ݵͰȻԭʣ޶ࡣ
ħһҲ˳Ϩ˼ֻý
֮ǰȻԴӡͻƷһ˫ڷ֮Ʋɵڸڵһơ
ȻԼδˣ͸¶Ļҵ뷨ȴСŵ
ȥλ̽޹һλʹѾӴĺĻܣõ˿ĽҳȴӰԹĪʹǵ񹦿һ񡣡
һΪλʹ²⣬Ϊֻʱ˾̫ĸ߲㣬Բѹ£ȷħõµĿҳ˵
󷨵ǰܴ죬Ѿ˷ǰİ̽Ҳֻʣλǰʮ˽ȥݽʮѫǻô
ûˡ
Ŵԣգ޲ͷȥȻı粵ʲôգĬ
ҪҲΪǺ۷ŮӣĪ⣬֪˶ǿߵĵ⣬Ȼ̹Ȼ֮ݡ
ֻȺʹݣ˶ף̣м֮ˣӡ
ħ֮У˲ħȨˣ˲ħУҲ¡
һݶӣȻضħΪ׵쵼ˡħȣҲǵָ½ɣߣǱС
ڶݶӣǷλħħ۷ŮӺͻħλδʵѴǰߺ֮ףպá
ۣպ롰һս·磬ʾս¡
ط֮£ɽˮλħ
ʱħڣħվڷħһߣħδ̬˼ʹвʣħѾڣħǲһλǰ£ûԸˣħ
Ϊ˭Ҳ֪λһۣ˳֮£صģһĿʲô
ͺ˶֪ضħһ
Ϊġһħãò֮£ˣȻʵݶǷͬСɣһ¶ֻ½
ħ˵֪ʵݣħȴʵʵķǿߡ
½ǿҲô࣬ʹ½׷ġպãˣ½ϵķǿߣҲ;λ
λ棬պòǣΪ˶֪֮ȱϯħ
ôʣ°λʥʲܣΪħıΪʹص׵ħ棬ԼԼԡ
ôʣˣλǸŵһλҲ̫ϳһ
ײܣΪ½ŽħħȣѶ꣬Բ
ʣˣһˣֻ¶ˣǵġ
֪Խ٣Խ˾ء
ԽأԽ˾ÿ£η塣
ˣħһڣ˽ԳĬ˵ȻĬ˺۷ŮӵĹѫֵ
һĻڸϸ;еȻ֪
֪ضһ̶еĻɡ
Ϊ۷Ůóġ䡱ҳҲһǴӡݹʥ֡ڣʥеõġ
ڣλħȴ˵Ҳ˵õһҳһں۷Ů֮ǰ
ˣȻħȵʹ֮һšס
Īǣڣʥħȵλʹô
ħл˵ڵİߣֻһڣʮλ
ȥѾȷġܾ֡ݹʥ֡ڣʥˡп֪߲㷢֣γһСݡ
ڵԲȫ
ǻɺϣȺףԼ߲ʰγ˴벿ݡ
ڵѱգƮҡ˰ɣ
㼴ʹˣݹʥ֡ڣʥõġסҲУƫƫλ۷ŮӣȻϢٵõһҳ
ǴõģʲôʱĿ󣬾Ȼõҳ
ţĺˡ
Ϊ󶥷֮һȴҲ֪֮ڣʲôɼڷ˳Ůӵǿ󣬺ء
ڵİߣûбγɾ
ħҲԣĿǰλߣذûб֣ڷŮһλλأ
Щˣǲʱһͻ
Щˣֻ¾ͳΪǡ
緢ղһ٣ֻ¾֮Ŀֲˡ
ƫƫһȺڴ˾ۻᣬһóһڱ֮ͼΪΣϸ˼֣ĺ
뵽޵࣬ţбʷһ๴
˸оһɲıϮ

ʥƣݹħԶ죬˾죬۷ŮˣȺ󶼽Լύ
Уֻλħ͵ħδύԼˡ
Ȼħȣ԰˲ħΪûֻļħ
ȻضħԼλδħպãͬҲԼ
Ȼ
ħߣĿһһӹɨħӰ漴ЦˣҶˣҲֵϷԼˡ
䣬Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ֱһ֣Ʒֱһ˦ǰħƺ
ȣתƷ칤ɽڱ̹Ŵ֮Լķӡƿʮ߾ߡ
ЩƷһɢŵĳ߳ᣬʮöɢŵϹָСƿȫħƺ֮УʱӰ֣һ£ָ֣
պáȡ칤ɽڱ̹Ŵ֮ɶȣɹħѫʮ򡣡
⹦ѫڤԨţȡӡƿʮֻѫʮ򡣡
պãܹѫʮ򡣡
˻
ħƺƯ壬ڳˣͬʱɫһ䣬𺶡
ȡڵһڣ칤ɽڱ̹Ŵ֮ýʮѫ۷Ůӵͬ˲⡣
ϾȻ˫򣬵Ͼǳ칤ɽΡȻᲢֻۣ˵Ǳ
칤ɽȴʵʵһֱλаۣ֮µһڡ
ȡ֮Ѷȿ֪ȻϢɡ
ټְȡ˶ʮħķӡƿħ˲֮ٵʮѫҲ̫⡣
ֻǣܹѫȻߴʮֻ򣬾ͻư֮Ȼ˾óԾ
պõħ˶ٹͣΪʲôȻն˸߶Ĺѫ
ܽ˻㹻ĲϣͻƷ֮ҲͲˡ
һ̣˼˵ӿ϶ǼٵģҲֻʣĽͶʼ
һλڣԭǵĺ󱲣ʵۣȴԳΪǰȴҴһ⡣
۰֡


892 
̶֣ѹͷһʯ
侳԰ῪԷ
ȻͬΪħȰ˴ħ֮һʵ˸зֹսѣʱΪС
ֹϵעǼǺֻӣʲôݣ
һԹܱ˸ܲݡ
ԣͬΪ˲ħ˵¼֪֮٣֪Ϊħ˶ٹѫ
ÿ£ħУǾܣ⴫ͺԼҲ֪Լݣ֮һ
˶Ĭ˶ԣ˸ԡ

պõĹ֮󣬽ţ͵ߣҲħԼ
һ֣ʱٴͳһѵƷ
УһᣬٺʮֻСƿȫһ˦֣뵽ħƺ롣
ӿ帡֣
ħȡóڱɱ֮ɶȣɹħѫʮ򡣡
⹦ѫڸţȡħƿʮֻħѫʮ򡣡
ħܹѫٶʮ򡣡
˻
壬ˣɵɴ۾۾¶һĨĲ˼֮ɫ
ͬΪħ࣬òײŻʮѫѾòˣ֪ʹ۲Żá
ǣħһԾͻóʮѫǵܹܺͣѫǴﵽٶ
һֻ±ޱȣʵǿĵħħãܹѫҲһȻӽվû
ħһˣ˵ܺ͡
ⲻò˳ԾҲе𺶡
漴ҲȻ
Ͼħħʵʵ֯ߣƿߣùѫȻһЩ
ټΪԶڳˡ
Ӹŵ֮أǷӡʮֻӡƿȫҳȡߴأȴЩţͣԶв
УҲֻСħã˶ʮֻӡƿѾֶͨ졣
õĶʮֻӡƿԱһ£಻ħеһСݶѣֻռ˴Լ֮һı
ħֶΡ
Ϊħȵ֯ߣʵƿߣħȻҲҪԼ̱лȡѫ
Ҳɴ˿ħѫжѹ֮ͣϧһдҲҪõˡ
ˣˡ
ħĿ⣬һߣĬĵħ
ʵղţӦǵħ֮ǰϽġ
ϾǵħӦǰħλһ֮ϣӦںΪѹᡣ
ֻǸղţԷװɵ㶣ӲǵȵΪ䳡òȿʼжһЩ
ʱԼѾɣȻٳĬħȴľٶ
ȻħУضħӦǼϤĪģֻԼ֪ǶԶԷݣҲȫ˽⣬ֻиڶԷʵŻ۵һ
Σύ˵ʵҲδûл̽ףһԷϸ뷨
ħԼӦģǰ֮һĳڣҲһδصڰ֮칤ɽٵĶţɽɸɫΪ
ȡǵڱɱĽ֮ǻ˲С
ħӦģȴǰһڣڱ컯Ľ֮ͬ򵥣ҪԷǲʵ
ħʣˣҲȫħ
ħһ˶Ī⣬֪Ҳ֪ʵΪĵħе档
λ飬ȴҲףΪʵħ֮£˸еľɵ
ʱõĻᣬȻŹ˲Ŀ
׳ˡ
״ħλ¿ЦЦȻ߿飬ܿóЦ
ЦϣȻһ֡

һ֣ʱһٶƷɳ۵һȻǼڱ컯Ľ֮
ʮƷȻȫǷӡƿ
˵޵磬죬λħ֮ƿ༸еķӡƿˡ
ȻλħҪöࡣ
˵ħ˻пԭϾλڻħ֮ϣֶγħҲӦ
ȻҲһΪ˵һ˵ħ˾ʮֲ˼飬ˡ

ħ£һͳ½հǿ߱Ʒѹ
ڸ˵£սʳصףð˴ѹ
ˣħ֮ԲӿΣ½
ʣǿߣһλͷǹ֮ˣһħȣħĻǹһΪţڼʳһݣ˽أԷٴںϣعΣˡ
ԣʹصףӡĲħһҪ꣬ȴһֳ˾Ųݡ
Ųݣֻһڣֱָ˶ʮķݣڤԨ̤Ỷȡߴ
ʮߴתơ
ʮֻӡƿûӹȡߵ³˵Ҳ䵽ˡպõϡ
ڣħЩȻֻһţŵзӡƿ֮ͣС
Ҫ֪ڼʳ˶һΪʮģеĶе٣ڼʳһ𣬾ŴܹӦþһٰ˵ٷм䡣
Ψˣħǿ󵽱̬꣬ŲгƷӡںһ
ڣ˻ħħеľʮݣʣģˣħһ롣
һٶݵƷͬʱħƺģӰ֣һ£һƺ㷭˰֮ãֲٴ֣
ħȡڱ컯֮ɶȣɹħѫʮ򡣡
⹦ѫڸţȡħƿʮֻħѫʮ򡣡
ħܹѫʮ򡣡

һ̣ħ˷壬ȫž
һﲻֻǴŶڵɽ֮ϵˡ
Ϊ׵ߣħҲɫһشǻһۣӹһĨļɵ
ʣһ̣ħĹѫѾ
ķͷҲ
һλʮɹ֮ǰʮ򣬾ͳΪЦ
Ҫ˵ԷûӦʵͿֲıûš
ֻǣ˭
һ̣Уͬʱͬʡ
ڵħݣ


893 ƿѣħ
棬ȴɵȥʡ
Ǹ˵ܣԸ⹫Լݵ˹ԸĹ̽пܽû̽ΪɥҲǲܡ
ħڲ࣬һҲ㿴ˣħ͵ħ֮䣬˴žͼɵ˼ڣˣд˸ۻ˼
ŵħƷԼʮֻƿȫħƺ룬Ӱɣܿ죬ħƺ֮
һֻ޴ĽɫܣӰʵ׷ƺϿգһ˫۾һ㣬ͨĹĿľ
Ҫʼˣ
״λɽ֮ߴħͬʱվĿ˸˸ٹ˲нţҲڴ
ħռ䣬ƺȻüž
һɽϢƺɽ壬ÿһƬҶ֮䣬ÿһʻ֮ϡ
ڵȵһ졣
ħߡҲٹ˲õħѫ飬Ŀֻɫܣ֣Ȼɫضһݣӭʥʹ
ˡ
Ǿ޴ƺҪѹƺľ޴󸣬ԾȻҲһ漴Ȼһ£˵⻪ͬʱɳɽϵˡ
ǸԷһɽ塣ȴͬʱɽ塣
˼״ɫȻԥȻһץ˼ƷֱץУһۣ漴¶ϲɫ
лʥʹ
һͬǾ޴ΰȻǽ³İ˵⻪ǶΪҪ
˻ħõɡħߴ֮⣬ߵһһ
⣬ôϧΣգð֮踣ҲҪħ๦ͣȡѫԭ
ΪеЩƷ½Ӧ֮ֵǶһȥȡΪ¸ٴۣҲϧ
ˣҪĶѶ֤֡ΰһ̰ɣ
ǡ
ɽ֮ϣߴħΪߴ﷨ĿֲǿߡħĪ⣬յġħֻߡħ۷Ůӣħ˾ȡ
һסϢȴ
޴״һһģħƺƺƺ֮
漴ٵ⣬ͬʱϸ߿գȻһ顱һħħˣòռзӡƿȫѣϵĽ鿪
¸¡ء
ֵХȻһӰ֣Ȼ󿴵Ա߸ĵӰʱϲ¸¡ֽţ䶯ţںһ
ںϵӰԽԽ࣬ǵӰҲԽգӰںϣħƺϿգֳһ޴ޱȵɫͷɢ޾Ű£ѪȵϢ
¸£ڸˣ
һϹȻ漴ˣеһԿĿѹȻϮ
ʹУΪﵽħܲħ֮µĵħˣһʱ䣬ɫ䣬ϥȥ
ħħɽħħˣҪ˵
һڵأһɫȻ֮ɫ
ǣѹ
Ҳѹ𾪣½֮ϣûڵǿߣھؼޣܴﵽ۷ģûжˡ
ħֻǹǸգڵѹȻѹϾӵڵʵԸָںϣºһ
ʵ׸жǿ
ħ汻ӡ֮ʱ۷ʵϴʦ
ڱӡһǧ긴ǲܴǸ˵еĽޣâƿ
޵磬ԪΪͼĵӣֵһ᣻ѨǿǸ֣ĶǿҲʲô
Ψдﵽܱ˳֮Ϊʦ
ԷǿߣֳƷڣǿƥеޣڡ
ʦ֮ϣǴ˵еʦڡ
Ȼ½дڣϹʱڣвǿߣܴƿϾ硣
ײյ㡣
˵Ϊʦ۷ΪϴʦĻâ֮ųͻƷ˵ļޣԴգâأӿռ
һ㾳磬˳֮ΪҲ׳Ƶǿߡ
˵ڣ½Ѿ񣬵Ϲг֣֮½Ϲʱڣδ֮ǰҲ˵롣
ֻ񣬴˴򣬴û˵̤
أâǧ٣

Ȼһ㣬âǿߣĴﵽ𣬲ǧ٣ȴǴš
Ȼ½磬ûгâǿߣĴ˵
ǿߣԪǧϣõһЩϡǧ꣬ꡣƾõʱ⣬ںܶͨ˶ԣҲǼƲˡ
ڴ֮ǰֻһ£ڣħֻںϣȻ׾ѹƷӡһǲӵлâʵ˵һ
ѹּضħķսǿߣħѹ£Ҳɪɪ㷴Ҳޣ˵ܳΪ½һλӴâǿߡ
²ܴﵽҲܴǸ˵еľˡ
УɸӾηһ㷴͵ִ


894 
Ϊâ֮֮ˣһҲû
пܴﵽ־Ĵڳ֣ٽִһȨ£ʱ˿̣Ҳȫǫ
ضλħȷӣԴΰݣӭħ٣ɸյĵһΨħݺᣡ
Ψħݺᣡ
ԣλħҲ̷ӦԼͬģͬʱΰݣ澴η𾴵ɫ
ãܺã渴գҲǵĹ͡жҪȰݹͣˡ
УɫͷЦ漴ɫһ·ˣο泹׸գһ̣֮ǣܵõҪĽ
ǣлħ棬ħǧһͳ
˽ǲɴϲٴγϿյħݵ
Զ׼ħҪõĽԷʲôƽ֮
Ȼ˵ݣʵ͵ĵƣݹħˣ޵УҲǺպ˵ȡҲˡ
ȴȺħаħ֯½ܡ
ǸԸֺϧΪ½ˣΪģȻҲΪħ渴գħ渴£ﵽԼƽﵽܴﵽԸ
ЩԸȻҲǾ˵ģȻҲλһ㶼ϥΪһǧǰӡ
ܺãɣ
ɫͷУ̻𼱾˸£漴һȻһɿɲ紵𣬷ڵصˣȻǲ
ոںһ𣬻ȹ̣֮塣ͨҲԳܱǿЩ꣬Ҳǿǰҵһ֮ҲŲ˶ã¡
ǹʣҪ罫ƻɣӡȫգȻǾ֮ʱ
˵ɫͷϵ̹⣬һ󼱾ζɫһ䣬Ҳû˵ʲôһݣ˻Ϊһɫ⣬Ȼħƺ֮׼Ӷȥ
Уֻµһ仰ˣξۻ˽Ҹ£һ֮ڣҪ
ǡ
ԣ˵ɫѿһЩ̧ͷһƣɫͷѾʧӰոոѹϣǼԶĿɲѹҲɢҲ
ԭأֻһƬƺããޱߡ
ɽ壬ϣУبŲ䡣
Ҳ߰ɣ
״ߴħ֮һɽħʥɮصһ֮ڣɲ೤ء
䣬ٲͣͬһڵɽ֮ϣϹһٴʧӰȻô뿪
Ҳˡ
˾иոԽ³Ʒµݣ˭Ҳʲô顣
ͬһɽ֮ϣ⻪һҲȻɽ֮ʧ
״ɽ֮ϣħ֮У޵Ĺâһ漴ָֻƽ
һ֣ʣˣڵˣɢ˰ɣɹºٻᣬţʱҶῴ޵磬츲صı仯ġ
ǵʱˣ
䣬Ҳٲͣ㲽һ̤ɽ֮ϣͷһĿĹââɢħɫӰȻҲʧ
״ˣ뷨㶼һԲԼµĴɽϣͬʱһ⻪
⻪˵ӰҲʧ
˵ؿżţƺӿ˷廷ȴһ˵ӰƺǴûгֹ
سبŹ¼ţ

½ϡ
·أԡ
Ȼһ̹⣬Ͽռ䣬Ȼһͼʧ
·֮ϣֻһ̵ĴһǧŻ
Ż֮ϣǧƣдһ˫˫ȫǸʮկŮڴԸʱҵĹƣƮԭʱȴĪһɹա
ⱾõԸ֮ʱ˿̣ȴڶȻ䣬ɢͨħ
֮ףһɫᴩŻȫ漴ǧŻܵʲô̼֦ҡҶֲ죬ƺħĿ޽С
һҹɽµĴկû˯ţ˶ֵĿ޽С
еˣ͵͵ӴͿɽϣһƣɭɭ˸е䡣
󶯾˰ʱ֮ãŽž
ڶգԸ嶥Żɾ˵ĴԣͲߣҰ磬޲塣
Ӵ֮ҲûŮҵԸ嶥ȥŻԸ
һҹĹ죬ȴֹ
ÿҹ³֮ʱŻйŹֶĺٹãԸļկУ;ˣ󣬸ǳկǨűס
ϣԸ巽ԲҲû˸ҿ
ԭһƬ͵ԸشӴ˱˽أ֮ڣһƬţ·û

һУһν뵽ǵȴ֪
ʱ˿̣ǣʤѩҲʥʣگϢ죬뵽֮ǰ˵ָɱҲûжˡ
˴µǣŻʱ䣬⻹ǲĽ˾ʥʹ涨ʮ֮ڣ߰ʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ȻҲܸɵţʲôҲ
Ҫ֪ʥʵټ֮£Ǵ񣬿ǰѵߴаеЩòϵıȫһȥԼɹʹõ
飬Ϊ漰ڶ࣬شֻ·һһ£ƻҪֿС
ǹʣʤѩˣһջֻϢһڶգ͸Էֿ
ʤѩ˸ԷȥԼõıԼһԼȤƷ


895 һָ
ǶһʮֻԻɵĹŸռĶ߲㣬ԲͬΡ
߹˼ۣ漴˽ȥ
ԼʹھУҲһС۵ĻҲͨӦҪ
ҲĴѯʣڴһҾȫ£Ҳɣ߽ȥ漴һһŮȥ
ŮԽӴ˾ˣ۾ʮֲ
Ȼ󵵴ηǷһǲӴеͨƽΪǸֵг۵Ķܿһû˵
һ룬ʹſֻͨһϮͨ£ǷʣȴôҲ˵ġ
һۣͽͨƽֿ˼һͿصʹӣкҪСū񣬶Ϊ
Ŷ
ؿһòĶϵȵŮһۣ΢ЦһҪۣ⻹빺һЩܶ԰벽Ϊõĵҩ֪ûУ

ŮȻԤϹֻ¾ǷˣҲû뵽ﵽȲΡ
һھҪ벽ƷɾܴͨĲΣǲʣҪǰ벽Ʒ۵ģֻҲ͵ȥ
ˣŮ˲һŵǸĿˣȼƷҪƹ̸С
ðɡ
״Ҳ֣֪ʮ顣
κһ̣ͨ澣ֻ¶ûȨޣСһЩĵֻ̣µԣδи̸ʸ
ƲϣԼʧ
ˣ֮ϣƬ̺󣬹ȻһͷƤñɫµߣͳŮӷ֮һЦʵᣬһھȻҪ򵽰벽ϵƷȻ֪ӵҪЩʲôƷϷҲһǷ֮
ԣһЦڵƹȿ⼸ƷǷԸչ˵
˵꣬һ֣ʱмĲ֮ϣͶʵƷһʮֲ
ţǣ
Ŀ䵽ڳǼƷϣֻһۣʱĿסˣɫʮּ
ǣƷ¸
һɫдȴһ߻֮ɫľ޸˼ۣҲŲ۾ϸΣڻعֽ⼸Ʒһһһۣ漴վһȭƷ¸ƷѣƷ׷²Ʒ򻨱ޡһƷ͵ģƷ
ˣȫƷãʵ֪ЩҪȫۣԸȫ£֤һļǮ
ܺã
ԣ΢΢Ц
óļƷʵڱУ㲻ʲôеȡ
ΪƷµʤѩˣ࿴ۣ࣬˷֣ÿ˶ֵʮϰټ
Ʒ࣬мټһһٶóЩţһëѡ
ƷԼƷȻĴС
֮ԲһͽҪƷȫȡΪ˿λƹԼЩƷķӦ
ϲҪȫ£ͱƴ֣ԳΪ˦һط
෴ԷȱֳȴΪѵɫǺԣﲻҪĵط
ƷƷԲ£Ҫ˵
УֵȼƷʤҪ۵ܹһټͬεıҪ˵
ȻѴǷ۵뷨κһһȫ£ǣһûУҲ֮ġ
һҲףôƷһֻȥһǵܱǹƲ࣬⻹ЩƷеİ취
ǹʣȻҪѰ㹻㹻ЩƷĵ̣ڿ۹ⲻӦԤڡ
ˣҲӣֱʵƹЩƷۣ⣬ĳҲʣȫȼƷԵ¶٣
ţ
ֻһ˼漴ƹܿ׹ʲô˼
ԣʼۣʼֲֻۣʼۡ
ʼһǶЩƷļ۸ƣ۸̫ͣԹֻʽ׶ɡ
Ǳصĵڶ˼ص㣬Щ۸񣬷϶ԷĹƣôԣԷУӦûдƷѯǵθڶ󣬾뿴ǳԵ¶١
λƹһʱҲΪ
뷨ƽƷȻԽͼ۽ԽãҲ׬ȡĲۡ
вͨ
ԷҲһλмңˣһƷղõƷȻҲС
ԣԷóƷֻͶʯ·ĴͷЩ
ǰͷСһʱͷСʧֻµǵϰͷ˼С
۸̫ߣֻһ˵̫࣬ǵ̣ǿˣ
ҲǰǾǣԹƶԷУжټȼƷٻ˵˵һڳ¾û⡣
˵ȫ£ԷóƷ̫࣬ûǸǵʱ򣬾Цˡ
ͷ˵ӣҲҪȫ⡣
Ҫǣʹʱ޶ȳµĲҲҪǲҪһȡôƷҪҪһʽתͨ
ΪһƹȻֻǰ棬ȻƷ̴ܸϺûͬʱ׬ȡ󡣵ҲֻһЩǳԶ棬ʱȡ̫࣬ϵдʽ𶼺Ĺ⣬Ҳ˵Ժܳһʱ䣬Ƕֻֻ
⣬Ȼһ̣еķʽ
ͨͬʱñ֤ʱһĴʽӦԸΣһһƹ񣬸еͷԡ
ˣֻһܿͽ鶼йһ飬֣صָ
ƷֵȣԸʮƷǮһߡЩƷֵѷɫֻ࣬ܳʮ֮䡣
һܼһһʮ򣬹ӿΣ
˵꣬һŵضʱϿʲôȺǣֺڴ
ԣ˵ͷԸ⣬漴¶һ˿΢Ц
ʵ߳ļ۸񣬸ееԾ֪ƽƷƷǾ۸ģЩƷļ۸ϣ΢ϸһɡ
Щ̱е
Ҳ˵ǿ۳Լ۵ĳɱͻѹʱ䣬׬ģ֮
ۣǹͣǹˡ
뵽ǵȴóƷлȻҲƣ΢Цأ
һԥ漴¶˾ģȻһָֻӿ֮ǰ۸⣬óȼ۵Ʒǣ⣬ȫˡ
ǸָˬЦˡ
һһһʮƷǮһָԲһǾֻпܣһǧˡ
ǲƴ֣û졣
˵꣬Ҳԥһ֣ʱǰĲ֮ϣֶĿһѵƷһнټ
һĻߺԱŮһ𺶣治֮ɫ


896 
Ƭ̺¥£ϼһ˿ϲɫҲԴһ˿ź
ϲɫǣȻǷֱóļֵһǧƷ˵۸񻹱ԭָɡ
ȻôҲе׬ǲҪѴʱ侫һҪõƷƺͿԴ
˵۸߰
ЩֶǲģʹҲûǸʱ;ԸһȥЩ۸Ѿۼ۵Ͷˡ
Ȼе׬ͷϾʮ΢۳ĳɱûж档
Ҳ׶Է뷨ҪһóĶ̫ˣҵȽƷ඼ǳƽʱԴ۵ġ
һεõֵȼƷܴḻĻԴ֪Ҳӿ
һʧ󣬾ܴƷϣõӱĻ
ȻȴǺ£Ͼʡ£ܵõϸߵļ۸ȻһãֶΪ
ǹʣʮˬغʽףȡԼʮƷʮƷԼţ޲ϣߴаղصһЩеͽ׿ʯҩݵȵȡ
ܼ۴ճһǧƷǮǱ
źȴǣѯУǷ򵽴ٽ벽Ϊٶȣֱ벽Сĵҩ֮ʱԷȴҡͷʾûֵȼƷ
ûа벽ϵƷûֱͻСΪƷ
ʵֵȼƽͲοϡģٶȺı
Ҫ֪ѨϣٶȺֱһСĵҩмУҪ˵벽ϡ
벽ȻҲֳĸĲΣʮСΣǣÿһ㣬ѨһΪҪѲ֪٣벽֮ϣķǿߡ
ϣ벽ĸǿߣ֪Щһڰ벽磬ҲԶ֮
ƫƫһλȨأһΪһ֮˽ܣһۣ֮һܻĲƸжɲ
Σǲˣ˰벽۷壬һ׷Ϊ¸ٴۣҲϧ
˿ֲεΪҩж
ǸѾԽ˵ҩﱾӦеļǮΪϡΪԶѰѨΪ򾳽絤ҩǮʮٱǧ
ԭҲܼ򵥣ǾǣͨĲƸѾû˼ֵΪ˻ȡֻһСĵҩҲϧ
ƫƫǵĲƸֶÿɲӻڶʳڳ˵Ρ
͸Щҩҩϡ̶ȣһ־ͱߣܴһ̸ĴС
żУҲǻ˺óһʱ䣬׼õϣ׬ȡͷ󣬶Щƽġ
ԣҲɳĬ֪ȷЩǿѡ
Ѩĵҩ󱳾Ū٣ϧ벽ʵδҲֻаĪˡ
ԴˣҲʾ⣬¥ʱϱһ˿ź
ƹУҲһ
ԣٹգʥʵİʥ٣ԵʱбƼ˷۹ĸڴ࣬ʤ
ЩˣʥףٵģҪף٣Ȼӵƥݺ͵λĹƷ
ЩʱƷ׼ˣҲֱûѰӵ㹻ֵıҪµһȥѰңȥ
ЩƽȻǲġ
Ӧ˶ô˻ᣬУһĶᣬᣬһǽ꣬еĶᣬӦ
ʱϣ챦ϡ䣬
ڣңеϡ֮ƽض䱦׷׳֣ա
ϣȻп֣ܳҪҪֿ벽磬ٶȵĵҩ
ԣλƹƼʱϹȥһ
ֱԣΪǡʥ֮٣ϣƸ㹻ֻ³ЩΪĵҩиϡУ
ѰѵһĴμƷƷףϣҩݣʯƷог֡
ϡеٵҩļƷƬƷģͻƷʵıҲпܳ֡
ԣȻʮ⣬̶ָеʮָˣлƹ֮ԼһǧƷǮ֮¥ȥѰҵڶԹĶ̸
ϣһȴôˣڵţ߱˼ʲô
ƹԵ֮ģܲ񱦸еǳѵһĶᣬȻҪμӡ
һȻΪЩͻƾٶȵĵҩԴˣȻҪĿ꣬²ϧۣҲϧ
ȼεϣֱȻпܳ֡
ѾֻиţңſһԪˮҲǲС
ڶȻΪ
û벽ΪĶ鵤ϿֵܳƷҲʮĶۺġ
μƷ˵мƷ϶ҪŬȥһбƬͻʵŹ
ЩǶһ޵˼ΪҪģѾ˴μƷ컯ȻҪ߼ı͸ʡ
Ͼ컯ȻܴΪĸʣ˵һнСĸʣʧܡ
ʱϡеıɲٴӵУܵõһȫ֧֣ȻΨһһνĻͱװɥ͡
Ȼǲʧ֮ء
ˣܶһ֣Ҫһֻ֣һ˿ٷ֮һǧ֮һ֮һĻᣬҲŹ
ΪҲһ˿Ǹı˵Ŀʼ
ǰʹЩҲ룬롣
һδôĲƸȥ᣻ҲǼʹôƸȥᣬĽҲпǱɱ˽ٻƿҲɥ
ڣ㹻Ϊ㹻Ǯƣ㹻ĵȥЩ
ҪǣڼͻƷĵڣƫƫʱûжãȱЩ
ܴսļƷƬΪĵҩֻͻƷıŹ
ھٰⳡᣬҲİϻһǵĹǱ
֮ԻˣȻΪ˵֣μӹ
սĻ֮ʱŻǨһʱսҲ
ǸᣬᣬģķֲǱ¥øڵӻǨǰ죬йһᡣ
ǳϣӦѩ飬ձѩвμӣõٱ
޹Ľˮ澫ˮȼСѨȣ±ĵõæ
ǳϣֹõЩƷиģ类칤ɽɽ֮һڷߵĴμƷ󡱣Լ֣һλطߵģǧҶȡ
ԣʵΡ
ҵ뿪ĸ֮ʱʱǳἸ󸱸֮һ컨ӡ±ٻˣʱص⡣
ֻһֱٽ̣ᣬ¸ˡ
ƹһᣬȻ뵽֮ҪٿһеĳᣬǴΣҲ΢΢Ķ
һΣսһ֮أĶҲǸڵӣԱȻ󣬵ʵĶûжټ
ʱȻ󣬵ڴʱȼҲͲֵһˡ
һΣ½㶥ĳᣬֵƷȻǳսʱеᣬƴ󣬸¡أֵıҲߡ
⣬Ҫġ


897 ޶Ƹ
ҲΨֵȼƷܶڵЧԵս
ңԵõħٸ֮һֱŵƷоеʮֺ棬ûطȥѰħٸĹӡ
ڣⳡᣬ˵ͻԼҪϡйӣһãҲԼǰһħٸ
⣬ҲףΪʥʣѶԼʤѩټ֮
һԭ򣬲ǸϲҲ֪ͨǡԼİ١
ϲӣһ߽¸ԼĳأһټʳԵаħ˾ʿȻ˫ϲţϲɺأʢ¡
⣬ټʤѩҲԱֳҸʳԵ³
Դ˸£ʳĵλ̩ɽɶҡģκʳԵˣûʲô³
ʥʾȻѾ٣Դǲ֪
紫ԣ꽥ϣ˽꣬Щ꣬ãôϲٻ֮£֪١
ԴˣҲֻҡҡͷʥʵ£޹أԷǿҲ޵飬ȻͻڵƲãʹǷǿߣҲûʲôӰ졣
ǹʣ֮İٵΣֻҪ浽ԷڲμӣõԼӦеʹͣԷͲΡ
Ͼô˵ʤѩʳĹ
ģ޹ء
֮УֻҪǣúһΪ֮󣬲μеһ׼
һҲĴתת˴ϢǲԼʦõ١
Ͼʳ½һʳǣµһ۾
ɫ˵Ȼۣ޵еİ˴ţзֲǡ
Դ˵ϢͨʦгڸϢôУܾ״Ϣĵط

ǹʣٹܴ£ỹ磬мʱ䡣
ĿǰһҪ񣬻ǳô˻ᣬеЩԴɵȼ۵ıǮ˵
ȻᣬʹܲμӣòӦıǮҲ޲
ߣʹõóǮȲЩƴֵǿߣʹĶıǮǰҲĲź
ǣĴйƲ̺ţ߽ȥһʡ
СչȻĽõߴаڵĸ¼ԴţԼòϵƷְ˴̣ȫ˳ȥ
գһջﵽǧ߰ƷǮʤѩֱӴڱеõƷǮƷǮ֣Ѿǧ
һ˸е𺶺ͳԾ֣ǵȷ㼯½˷ľ޼̣һֳɰ˼ңĳԲ¡
һҲȻ
ߴаڣÿһһи߽װ벽һڱŪһǧƷǮֵƷ϶¡
ڼһ𣬾ǽӽһڣ˶԰֣һǧҲ˵ùȥ
ϾȼջһЩƷ̫ˡ
ƩһһͨƷټֵ򣬶Ʒʮ򣻶ƷͶʮߵﵽʮ
ʤѩһջƷټƷټ
ֻЩƷƽۼһʮƷƽһ㣬һټƷͼֵǧټƷҲֵǧİ
Щͳǧ
ټϸţݣʯ޲ϣһЩʤѩòϵƷ鵤챦ȣǧ򣬲¡
ЩԼһƷʮƷһμƷƷоƷоƷоƷƷǳƤƷ٣ȵȵȵȡ
ЩصģмС
˵ʤѩõĻֻЩƷȥļ۸񣬾Զ֮ǰȥǽǧƷܺ͡
Ǹߵȱļֵ
˺棬ÿһСȽ׵ԾżǮɱʮϰٱ
޵ǿ߲ƸȻǳʽһ㣬ĽǵĽ
ԽˣӵеĲƸԽ࣬Խˣٶ࣬вƸۼƻֻܿһףССһ״
ʵǲпģȴҲʵġ
ԣ޵Уô磬Ϊ˲ϧĶΪԽ棬Խˡ
֮ǰģʧȥģһǴﵽߵľ磬ɱʮϰٱķ۹
ˣЩ֣ȻԾҲֻ΢Ծ
Ϊ磬ֻһǧĲƸʵĿˡ
ңиϲģΪܶһıǮԽ֮࣬ƷԽ࣬Խ󣬵ҲԽߡ
ȻֻǮȥμֻ۵ʸûУ򲻵κԼҪĶЦ
ǹʣȻֵϲġ
ͻصԼѡĿջĬĬϢչشͳһöָ׸ǴСĻ쾧ʯģĿ
˵֮˼еҪһЩ벽ΪٶȣֱͻСĵҩȻҲΪ֮ǰӼаջʮöԪˮѾȫϡ
ʮöԪˮһöܹһѨ۷Լʮ࣬ʮöӦ֧һ죬Ҳҵʱ䡣
ڣңͽһա
һȻΪ֮ǰͻư벽֮ʱһӣ̶ʱõһöԪˮ֮࣬ƽȻ١
ҲΪΪͻƣߣÿҪյԪԽ޴ƽһöʮ죬ڣ˾죬߰죬һöƷԪˮͽϡ
ǹʣǰʮöԪˮѾһöʣңҲûˡ
ǧɡŮһ֮ԼѾֻĸ£ĸ²ʱˡ
ڴ֮ǰͻнװ벽нװ벽۷壬ٶȵԪˮûˣڶڣﵽôߵľ硣
ƫƫϵԪˮ˵ֵأһöƷ൱ʮöƷԪˮ
ֻǼֵָܱյʱ䡣
ϾǻֻǰƷĻϵԪҲ΢Ҫ飬൱һöƷͨԪΨһͬģֻ洢ԪͨԪǸΪΪǿĻϵԪѡ
ˣöƷϵԪܹӦʱңٹʮ죬Ҳˡ
ˣٶȵƷʹԪˮҲܲȥǰǣѰͻ֮ĸ뷨
Ψһֵҵǡ
ȻöϵƷԪˮܱյʱ䲻̫ǵʼʹ֮ȴٶȣԶѰ
Ͼ
ϵԪ洢ģǼΪĻϵԪﵽ쾫ĵز
⣬Ƿڣġ
֮ġΪһǧٶȼ죬ôƷԪˮ֮ʱʮ
Ծʯļֵ


898 ԡͼ
ΪֱգջϵԪ̺ĴϵĴΪ磬ۿɼٶȣš
÷ؾɵĴյȫתҪ
Ȼһʱ䣬ٶȣԶôƷԪˮʱһ죬ܵƽʹԪˮ߰졣
µʱ䣬Եʱҡ
⣬ٶȻǾ˵ġ
ˣΪԼٶȣųװ벽ڶȥۿٹ߰ңͻƳɹʣµĻϵԪڳװ벽ڸһﵽв㡣
û㹻ĻϵԪڶ̶һ֮ڣֱװ벽۷壬нװ벽ڡ
ʣµʱ䣬ﵽнװ벽۷壬߽װ벽磬ûпܡ
ΨһϧǣˣԪҲǡһƷϵԺܺõϵԪ˿ٶȡ
ϵԪǡûⲿһж˵ز
ԣһжǻԵϧԵ̡̫
ԣΪܹԤڵʱ֮ڣﵽнװ벽磬żԴȱʧƷԪˮͻϵԪˮʧٶȡ

ŻԪƣʶ룬һ˿˿һƼ˴⣬ĻϵԪ·ǣзٻ۶
ڴ˹УȥգЩԪԶ֮зӿƺڣһԪУԶЩϵԪͶ
⣬ȻĻϵ
ȴǰĴձѩһڣظԸ֮ʱعŶڹŶʯڷ֮·ֵġ
ľͬͬ۽粻ͬҲȻһ
һģǽԡǳ
һſǳ徭ڹ΢
Ϊзֵµľͼףٴ֮ͷ֣ԭĴȻһУȴ
⣬ѷĵƷ½׹й֮
ɼ
ˣҲٽаƷˣ̥ԭ桰ȴֲԭġװ汾汾
򲻹λͼǿߣμ򻯣ֱӷһαʱΪԡͼ
żпǵƷϹĽԡͼԽԽеʹľԣҲʱ䣬Žš
УкܴϵԪĹ͡
ûЩϵԪУڲصľϵԪգȻȻܸľ磬ֻŹûôɹ
⣬֮ǰѾܳһεʱġ汾ԭ򣬲ȻŸѡ
ԽˣԽòҪɴƷ½׵ȣתרŸΪǿصĻϵ𹦵뷨ˡ
漴Լֽ뷨ˡ
ϾˮϵѾô꣬һԼ֮ǰ۵ôŬȫ׷Ѳ˵ҪǣºпܾҪ컯ͻƷ硣
ô̵ʱڣ任ʧ
ɸȣľпʱͻƷ֮ʱȫȫ⣬ͻʧܡ
⣬Ըܵġ
һ귢ŹȻ޴˹ΪڣֻܽջϵԪĹߣȴֱΪˡ
ˣɸܵŹǿԽԽ԰Σ̵ĸܵô
ֻ
Щģ·ϸСһڵĻԪϵرգҲʼ˸һĽ⡣
⣬ûƽôҫۣһְɫ
漴ڵһѨλͬʱͬǳ
֮ůģϵԪӴԪԴԴϻ۳µЩǳҫۣһƬһֻ̫һĸо
·Գأؾһ֮С
ָоǿ
侫ǳ֮Уһȼһͬҵţÿһ˿֮·һȭܴյĸо
ⲻǻ񣬶ʵʵظܵһ
Ҫһʻݣ˵Ƿֻ֮˵ǣԸ֮
Ը
ֱʱܾ֮㶼һʹУȻѹյĻϵԪѵޡ
òоѣʹͲᣬ÷ؾԴԴϵתΪˮϵֱһоԼΪ־˼֡
װ벽ڣѾûжԶ
ȵʤѩٻ빬֮ʱѾﵽǸˡ
ԽˣҲԽصƽʱٶȥϾʹûϵԪٶʹôƷԪˮ߰˱ʹôƷˮϵԪˮֱԪٶȵı
Ҳ˵ʹûϵԪٶĶʮ౶һ൱ǰʮ죬飬ûгԹãԹ˭ܻصȥ
ǹʣҲԽڴϾеöƷϵԪ֧ʱ̫ˡ

ʱһһȥתѹ졣
֮У󲿷ʱ䣬ڿջбĿŷһٶȡ
ʱ䣬ĴתתѰ˴̽ԼʦϢϧؽһЩר鱨ĵطȥռ
ϧʦã뿪󣬾ƾʧһ㣬ɸĲѣʱҲҲûʲô취
УΪʥʵټ֮գѾԽٽˡ
ʱһҲоװ벽ڵľ磬Ѿڳ֣Ҳգ϶ͻǸˡ
ϵԪˮҲǾ޴ġ
ö֮еĵһöѾһգڶöĻϵԪҲĽ룬ֻвһС룬ָܼա
Ҳ˵ͻƳװ벽ھʱڶöƷϵԪҲҪպһա
һϾֻʣһš
һţܹʱ䣬Ҳֻյʱѡ
ϾΪԽߣԽҪԪȴԽ޴ԭܹһѨ۷壬յİƷϵԪϣ㲻
ͻнװ벽ʱ١
һ죬ᣬеǳӡ
Ͼʥʵİ٣պУôᣬ϶Ҳͬһ죬Ҳܾǰһ죬Ҫǰʱ䡣
Уʥʵٵʼˣʲô˲μӣʲôã
ǰһУһܴʲôöûģɴ౻˾ߣʱ̫ȣûʱȥѰĹƷҪ
ԣѡʥʵİٵʼ֮ǰվУһΪôмȸУҪ⻻ĵһҡ
Ҳиһûĵ򱻱ߣһ죬ǳһƷ˷ᣬϣŵϡ
˵˾٣һãѡǱ⣬ڴ˶ԣȻġ
һ죬УͳˮĦ࣬ȥһ㣬飬ѹѹһƬ
ΪڽҹУվʥʵİ٣ףٵȨ󣬸ڴʵ̫ˣϻͷʹ
˵֮䣬⣬ǵжԣʥʰ٣ƽΣʱ˵ȥǻʳ֮Ӧе⡣
Ʃʳʲôش䣬Ϊ½һ۹ʳҲҪʹμӵģӶ
浽ս˺Ƥʱ
Ȼ»ʱ
ΪУһʱ̫ˣϽ֣ƽʱĸȻͽزͬˣʤһ徳ʿǾеʱ
Ͼ徳ʿޣֻ޵֮˻룬Ҷһݵλû㹻Ϊͨ壬̨ϲȥ
ʥʵĴ٣Ȼͨ˲ܵ䣬ǲҪ롣
йٸڣҼһҲʵƣ죬̣壬ѫ񣬼ʹѡʽٵ䣬Ҳףʥǧ꣬䷶ĸж
Ϊ鲻ͬ£ǣʳҪôԶҪôȵط´ƽʥʵ¡
Ϊʳģʥʽ£֮ǣȻһ
ʤѩÿջȴ࣬ʲôʥף٣Ҫģֻһͬǰȥμеⳡᡣ


899 񱦸
ͬǣʢ£ʤѩȻ֪ܲ
պã⼸ʱ䣬ҲһֵԴ󲿷ݳ۸ǵĸ̣Ӷ˴ʵĲƸ
ΪЩԼӦõһݲϲŻãԣʤѩУûõıԶ
Ʃ磬ΪʤѩѾߴμƷԽ˾ջġڵǱμƷལ
ΪμƷҲƷ׷껢ǣ汩Ƥڵȵȣϡϡ
Ʃ磬ΪõƷߵ֡Ʒµݰ߲ݣƷеĹȵϡȣҲȫʤѩ
ۼֵãȻʤѩ
ϡг̶ȣй֮
ҲΪˣЩǡǡΪ̫ϡҪãȥۣʤѩУƷнʮϡʤ
һЩûãԳ˼ԼԵȽϡõŵģȫ˳ȥ
һƷƷϵļֵԶһƷƷͨƷܱȡ
ǹʣʱʤѩӵеıǮԶöġ
ӵ˴ĲƸͬʱʤѩҲǰʽͻнװ벽ھ磬ͬеĴƷԪˮöϵƷԪˮͬϡ
һͬѰͻΪ֮ԼһЩͻƷ֮
˵û컯ֳɵĻԵ֣¼Ȼƴ󣬵ȻܰһͻƷ֮Ȼô꣬¼ңҲû
ǹʣһУֻԼŬȥѰңȥץȡ
ˣһ½Ŀ⣬ǣǿ֮ĵĳᣬȻ
ΪͬټãֶһҿջʱμᣬȻǽͬС
һպ˻òμʥʵİ䣬ҲҪһͬǰȥģȻֿ

һĵص㣬ģܲ񱦸
ῪʼһʱǴϼѾߣԽǽӽ񱦸ǰԽ࣬켷һǽˡ
ңʤѩǳˣ˶ȻȻһɹźۼطֿȺǰȥ
ѹѹǰȺУնˣߵȻ磬ΧͨȺȫһһӾ˵ע⡣
ֻϧ˷˳׿ѰʹҲ˵ʲôֻðѵĻĬȻǰС
ŶеٶȣƬ̣˾͵񱦸ĸۼһֱʮƵİ˽Ǻɫ¥߸ߴܲ˸̾ǿ
ˣҲԽ˿ʵȻôඥǿߣҲòôඥ﹩˾ġ
˽ǰ󣬸ݻ߸ϡ
õһɫǶľָ׿ôһСƬԵֵǮҪ˵һʮ¥ǳľˡ
˵ûôƸʹУҲŪõôľŪõҲҪŪõϡо޴ĳľľġ
⣬ѵĵطҲʵ
䶥ϣǵĶһɫߣʰɫϦ·˵Ľ⣬ҫ˵ҲһƬ졣
񱦸ڴųĶ飬һۿͷȻμȺ
ȻʤѩȴȻ֣ڴڼܣܶŵ˶ӣȴֹòͷɥ뿪һƺͻ֮ɫ
ʤѩһۣһոմǰ汻ܻӣʵλ壬ΪβȥĪ񱦸󣬻ʲôҪǣ
İɣ
ӣܲһúʵһԼʤѩĶʣҪ̧ͷʲĻȥ
˿ĭŵ˵꣬ԳЦЦ
Ҳǣᣬ˭ĵطǣ˿ڲ˵ڣҲ߰ǧôˣֻҪȥ񱦸ϰٴζ⡣
˵Цһʤѩɫٴε뿴ֵ̫ˣ񱦸ôطҪдôˣȻܣˣֻб֤ӵһݣ㱦ǮĴܽ棬ͨˣɻ첻صġ
˵һȺڴѹصһӺˣЩǼߣûʸһʱ֪ˣֲεҲȷЩͨܿ˵ģֻܵȽ˵һ˵Ȥ£ĳЩˡ
˵̾˿ȻȻ⣬黹еƣʤѩƣһįس·ȥܿ켷ӵȺʧ
״ʤѩɾ㶼ԣıӰȴ˭Ҳûȥס
һҲȷǣ񱦸ռȻڶУҲһҲŽǰǰʮǣ˿ں֮࣬뿴ִֵĲ֪ûⳡ
ǹʣȻȴܿ
ԼȻ񱦸ݼ𣬵ˣһǱһҽڣǽ¼ҵĶӣ徳ʿڶҪȻѡ
Ǳųɳ֪òֵԼ˵ڴȴ㶼üͷ
ǲԸŶӽ룬ʵ⻨ʱ̫ˣ˶ͨˣϻôʱ䣬ŶӵȺ볡ôĵȥ
ԸչҹҲȲһʱġ
ǹʣûȥŶӣϸһ£һʱųɳ֮⣬һҪͨ
Ÿĺ»ȴϡֻ࣬ߵǰûκ̲飬ֱ˽ȥʡ˲ٹ
ţ
Ļ۾һ뵽ʲôȻһ֣жʱһɢŵɫ
֮ϣҫһ¥Ǳǵͼ
֮߱һǱ
д˿ǵиŻݺƾ˿ֱͨͨ롣
ߡ
һʤѩ漴ǱԲͨߵͨ˹ȥ


900 
٣ɵ棡
˿һĻɳЦƺ֮ǰݣԸŶӣȥǹͨձϻͷ֮ˡ
Щˣ𱻸ϻùǣ֮ǰŵĶӻ㣬Ҫţ֪ôһأڵóӶˡ
Щ˿ʤѩˣȻʲϾͨһҲʲôϣ¸ûаֵǮΡ
ˣ뼷ͨԴż˰ɣ
Χ֪Ϊ֮ǰвˣųɳӹͨȥȴ֪Ҫ߹ͨ룬ҪӵͭԱʸ
ͭҪ󣬲ܲǷָһѴﵽʮƷǮʸõ
֮ͭϣиΪͽ𿨣ԼϵϽ𿨺ֻȼŷͳȥĺڽ𿨡
ҪҪһѴﵽһǮϣۼһǧʮȻۼƣһǧǮԲͨѵġ
ڸߵϽ£ҪۼѴﵽһƷǮ𿨵棬ĿĶ
Ͻ𿨣Ǵ˵еĴڣ˵Ὺ½ʱټãܳϽ𿨵ˣҲûмˣһһ
ڽ𿨹أǶļһΪݣֻݡ
ݲˣۼѴﵽʮڣʮڣҲδصڽ𿨣ݵ˵ˣûỨһöǮҲܵڽ𿨡
ݺ͵λ
ԣֻΪﵽϣֻǸԼһĶʸõĺڽ𿨡
Ҳ˶ᱻڽ𿨣Ҫһ⣬ȻʹԸͣ˼ҲδԸء
ԣڽ𿨵ϡٿ˼Ҽʹ£һҲμȵȡ
ˣָֿ¶Ĵٵÿ
һҲδؿЩŻݺȨҲôʱ䣬μᡣ
˺ڽһֱֻһ˵гֺڽ𿨵Ĵڳֻ֣һλҲԴᣬȼﵽʲô̶ȣǼֱǻ档
˵ϡٵԵɴ˵ڽ𿨣¾ϽϴڳֵĸʣҲʮֵ͵ġһᣬģҲͭȼĹˡ
𼶣żһλϽ𼶳֣Ѿܸߡ
ˣԵ֪㳣ʶ֪ĿֲʵͱˣԽ֪µÿһŹĹغϡԣȻΪʤѩһʮˣõóֵȼĹ
Ȼɵ۵ǣʤѩ߽ͨǰʼҲ»衣
ָһһöҫŵǱǰʱ˵ɫùذʤѩ˽ȥ
һɵ۵ĺۼ
ֱ˵Ӱʧͨ֮ǰЩǵˣһʱֻƤۣ޵ݣмҲĽ
ǿһĿóֿκ̣ᣬܾŻݡ
ֻ˰ٷ֮ʮ֣ǾЩһɵֱ֣;ˣѹһС
һһǮƷֻҪ֧ʮ򣬽ʡʮһһǧǮƷǾŰ򣬽ʡһֵߣһˣֱҪ̫ռˡ
ۻ򼵶ʵߣʤѩ˳ͨһֱ߽񱦸ĵһ㣬רŵŮȺڹͨ󣬹ؽʤѩ¥ȥ
𾴵еҸڶĹȨʮ¥ĹСһ
ŮЦȻָ̧شʤѩֱ񱦸ĵʮȥ
ŶʮС᣿
ʵɫҲһ
ùȻãû̫ˣĽˣʡȥ֮ǰŶôʱ֮ʱŮĶԻ΢һ棬ʵ
ǵġ
Ůͷ΢ЦᣬڱھŲ㣬СǱģΪߵռзԲɣǧͬʱȻֻµ
񱦸һΪʮ㡣Ųϣǲ⿪ŵģֻҪʱ򣬱ǱԽãһǰڶǰ⻹һο
ΪǵԣȻΪλ˲ͬȼλ֤ʸ룬ϱǮʮ򣬻һ֮ˣ
ͭΪǰϯλһţԼһǧϯͭϯλ
ģǸھŲĵʮСһĽ𼶹ǵʮһĴһʮ㣬ֻϽ𼶺ͺڽ𼶹ţͨǽȥģǱ֮УΪŮҲǧһģûмˡ
˵ŮҲ¶һ˿Ľ
ȻܽϽ𼶺䣬ͺڽ䣬ǽӴͽӵ˵ĲΣԶ½ǧͨ˵Ҳһƽƣһò
Ůòʾ㶼֮ѡ˽ҲܹϸѵȻֻܽӴڶȻʤѩһۣЩԸϲĽ𼶺Ͻ𼶹еˡ
ǺЩݻ󣬶ǹֻЩŮףݣȷڲͬ
һЩСϸڣܿó֮λľ޴ࡣ
ˣԳΪǵϽ𼶹Ҳǽˡ
һЦ


901 
ǰᣬ϶Я˼ǧڵıǮһƷƷࡣ
˶ıǮһϣ˵׵ģϽҲпܡ
ȻҲֻǿܡ
ϾᣬȻ½ģΪʢҲǶһᣬϾ˭Ҳû֪浽׻ЩʲôƷ
һᱻҲֻΪӹעȶ׼ͷǲôߵ˭Ҳ֪
ԣտϼƷ߿ˣȴûˣѴﲻǧڣҲǼп֮¡
һҲֻˡ
ˣҲʮ־ˣΪ𿨹ᣬҲʮĿĴڡ
򵥵һǣĲͬṺƷʱŻݵĶҲǲͬ
еöǱۿ۶Ǿۣͼͭۿ۶ͣǾŰۣ߼Ľ𿨣ߵöˣǰۡ
ߵϽ𿨣ۡ
ݺ͵λĺڽ𿨣ۡ
ҪСɵĲ࣬εᣬһɣܾ֮𣬱пĲĶΪĲۣܾܰѶԷѹҲű
ǲࡣ
Ҳ˶ΪĹͻԭ򣬿ϧҪΪȴûмܰ쵽
ʤѩһҪΪϽ𿨼ͻӵаŻݵĽ𿨣˻ǱҪ㵽ֵģΪһ˽ͻʡࡣ
ŮĴ죬ʤѩˣȻʮ¥һССİ䣬ȻªԱúѹѹҪǿöˣϾǵᣬ˶ߣû˴š
ҪǣԼݣñ˿Լģʡȥ鷳
뵽ͷϷиߵĵʮһ㣬ʮңͬĹܣҸз󷨣ߺʶĿ̽ͺҲЩĽ
Ȼ˲ƽЩ֣ͬȵ£Լѡ˿϶ǵԼŰȻѡøߵĸ߻ˡ
ˣҲˣֻһĳֻû˴ţƷֵڴ顣
˽ССİоصȴصȴĿʼ
˵ʶǳˣ͸䣬ɨ䵽µԼܱȵĶ
ǺԵĸܵµɲϵڽȺԴԴ˵ȻӸտʼɣĳɣѸ࣬ܿͽӽ߳ɣ˳ɡ
ңߵۿҪ˶ʱ䣬˵ˡ
ңߵϣҲʱнŲʱʱ٣ʱȴ̣ԽҲ٣ܼ
ܽʮģ˵ϵĹѹ
ôһ֣⻹ʵĶᣬĿںš
ʤѩⳡڴʢ˼֣ϾôඥԴóƷȴһЩͼɫǧҲҪһ٣ǵ˲ǣֵͼĴˡ
ЩûʲôϵֻҪǽҪһЩʲôɡʱ䣬ڱĿ񣬾ĿʼͬʱҲԼ顣
˵뿪½ǰμӵһˡ
ڴ֮£ҪǰţɴǧɡŮһʱ䣬ƳƷ컯ͻƷ֮
ҪôͻƳɹҪôʧܡ
ɹһΪ۽罫پڴˣʲôᣬʲôμƷ鵤Ҳۡ
ڣн˷ʱģǣʱ򣬲пܣһ׺飬ԱǷУ
ʱ򣬼١
Ͼ磬ʲô˲ͣҪʲôÿڣ͸¶һϾͻףǷ
Ϊ˶ףһλһλǷһ飬ȱסһıҪҪöࡣ
ҪǣлȻһλϣλǿ߲ԴС˹ıЩͽᷨ˲롭
ˣԼϣǿߣȻ㣬ض˵ùȥĴͶǿһǵ
ԣȵһͻƷƷƷţϣ鵤ֳһѵüһεƷӦоС
ϡ弶пܣҪǷѾ˼ȥѰҲܵõ
ûͻƷ˵뿪½ΪٴѰڶö컯ѰͻƵĻᡣ
ҪѰᣬѰͻƷĽޣֻ뿪½ǰӹָ࣬ḻԵľŴݡ
ǹʣ浽ʱ½̫ãˣһУº컯Ľ
ǳǰܣ뿪
Ȼڴ֮ǰ϶Ὣһδ֮¾˽ᣬռ£ԼԼʦõ顣
Щԭйǣ˵ֵ𣬻ΪԼĿŬˣҲһһ
ư֣ӣӦѩ飬ɴˮͫҶɣձѩȵȵȵȡ
ǣϵ
ǹʣһʱ֮䣬Ժ뵽˺ܶܶ࣬вᣬϧźҪ⡭
գ˼˼Щһ
뿪ЩйˣãǣΣҪ߳½һΣȻ޷ʶ磬޷ʶǧľʡ
ȵͻƷȷԼûǸԵٻ½ѰЩĵ˺¡
ǣжһҪȥһˣƽŲź
ʱȥȻ죬ʽٿ


902 𺳿
ӭλᣬǱˣ±ٻ֧֣
ʧ֮һӰȻھ޴Ļƽ̨֮ϣͬͻȻ֡
ѩȻһλŮӡ
ʮ¥СУʤѩͬʱѣ۾
ף
̨վ۾Ůӣɫ΢һһϳˡ
֮ϣϵһС컨컨öС壬ǱˣȻ֮ǰսйһ֮ԵŹǱλ󸱻᳤֮һ컨ӡ±ٻ
û뵽һѵһᣬȻҲ֣Уλ֮ߣ֮
ϸһ룬ҲȻ
һΪ㹻ߣ˵ڴ
Ůӣֲ֣Ȼ׼˵ľա
һ㣬ҲǣսĻսֲعܲǵϣҲͲԵ֡
±ٻ֮Ϊòһ¾˺ܶȴòͷˣǾ۾һ漴Ҳϳ̨˵ݡ
ףȻǡ컨ӡ±ٻ¸᳤ᣬȻҵʧ
Ȼ컨ӡ±ٻ֣ǣʶ߻ڵģһʱ˾Щȡ
һ£˵Ȥˡ
Ϊ˶ףһλߵĸ᳤ֵᣬٵҲͲȥ
ôҾôˣأҶСŮӷϻˣ֮˵ֱ˵򡣡
컨ӡ±ٻǱŴŴģΪ
ɨһ۵飬ѹѹһƬӰٿ¥Ĺ䣬۾УҲӹһ˿ڴ
漴ȡ촽˵
ᣬΣҲ׶Ρ
˶΢΢һЦͷʾ⣬Цܣһ׶ΣƷǮģڶ׶ΣƷǮģ׶ΣҲѹƷʱ䣬ֻƷǮıۡ
˵̶꣬һ仰˲ɧǣ漴˰ֹ֣˵ɧңЦ˵Ȼܻ˾ñôЩ顣ϾƷǮһƷƷһƷ
˵һ٣ٴ˵ҷģᣬΪģ̫󣬱ڶ࣬ȻҲ֮ͬ
ƷǮߣǵһεƷڶξƷȻҪһЩƷǮ᲻ļֵξƷǼϡУв٣ǿߣҪĶĶǱỨ˲ʱ䣬޶Ϊ˻ѵĴۣ˵ж߰
ǹʣ׶εľƷֻƷϵıǮۡȻ
˵Ŀ΢࣬ɨ˶еˣǡһʱɣֻƷƷɴֻƷԵԱߵĳһ̨ȥӦıǮ
öƷһöƷöƷһöƷͯڣ۸Ҳһһϣôί
ᣬСŮڴҲҾԱ֤֤ܲĵƷԱֵ֤ĶԲôʧ

һ£Ȼ˶Щš
컨ӡ±ٻȻļԴ󵽣ֵƷñϹģеȺʮ¥ʮһ¥𿨹ʮ¥Ͻ𿨺ͺڽ𿨹⣬治һĴ
е˼Ҳú
˵ǣƷʧܲĵƾһδ֪ˡ
ԣ˼ָʱʸμЩƷĵģֻһˣˣ۵ʸûˡ
Ҫ֪ܽģͨڼģҪôݣҪô۲ƣȷӵٳʮϵıǮŵԻһλϯλ
ڣ±ٻ˼ȴ˵Щˣܾǰ˳ûгֵĻᣬȴô˲
Ⱥ鼤ߣ컨ӡ±ٻȴƶЩԤϣţֻ΢΢һЦڵŴʱ˲ţֻҪϵһƷźܶ˾Ͷˡ
漴Ҳ໰ֱһ֣ʱԱߣһ¡¡𶯣Ƭ̺һߴˮ̨ǰ
ˮ̨м䣬һ͸֣УһֻСɵĴɫ׾ƿ
һ׶ΣһƷ˵ҩ֮һĵСѨһö
ļۣһƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򡣡
˻
һʱž
˵֮ǰ˻š컨ӡ±ٻĻһƷһȫˣѻȸ
ûпɣһƷǴ˵鵤һǿѨƷСѨ
˿ʼ۾ҲɶȻͫһеһ˿졣
ΪСѨİ
˵ΪϤ
ǵսĻ֮ʱеǳĸᣬѹἶƷ֮һڣѹἶƷȴȻ˵һλ
ңǡ컨ӡ±ٻУͣӵĵһ׶Ρ
ôܣ
Ƕⳡй㹻ߵڴһĻ֣ǲɱͷЩεġ
СѨѾʮɹļҹУ£۸񣬿νд
ѨѾƷΣСѨȻãҲͲҪġ
Ƕãǧľߣȴǻʵ֣ƾͺ͵ھĸ󿴵ⵤҩֵһ
ƷѨߣ㹻ֻ²ϧκδۣҲҪ¡
컨ӡ±ٻһƷͶɵ𺳳棬ҲԣֱӿڵСѨƷѨ߷֮лʵһѨƷƷѨЧ
׽֮ʱҲͣǰһԼϵһӦıǮȻ۸񲻻ʧǡ
ڣĿʼ
컨ӡ±ٻһ䣬Уռ£һ̶ַг𺳡


903 
һһʮ򣡡
һٶʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
򡭡
ʮ򣡡
̶Ƭ̼䣬öСѨı۱ٶƷǮۿûֹЪͷ
˱ۣһһļӣʮߵģʮ򣬵
ƣ˳Ծ
Ȼ˶ףһ׶εһƷóƷΪΪ˷Ϊһȼյã״򿪾档
׶εƷܼ󣬵ܲס̫סģ֪ԸΪʻѵĴжߣû˳ۡ
ǹʣһֱУܶ¶Цƿԡ
֮ǰ컨ӡ±ٻĻж˵κܶǰֻܶ˳۵ʸûУڿʵ
֮ǰţһˡ
Ҳ˳׵һεᵵεжߣȻѾò䣬һƷѨ꣬ù
ǹʣЩǼΪ˵ƷѨֻҲŹ
գּҵľ۹󣬴˵ǰţһ֮ͭϣưĳʮߡ
۸Ҳ״˱ա
컨ӡ±ٻ΢Ц׳ɹ漴˿͸֣ȡɫƿߵǰס
컨ӡ±ٻԴȴᣬЦݵؿˣڵãһƷСѨԲɹлҶ֧֡ǵڶƷһƷն˼ļۣʮÿμӼۣõһҾۣ
Ż̨ٴ𶯣Ƭ̺ˮ̨֮ϣ͸Уһɫĳƺ˼棬һն֮
ϣһ׶εڶƷֵˮȻֵ飬ȻԶԶϵһƷġСѨ
ΪѾ˾˼׼ն˼Ž˵Ȥʮĸ߼ߡ
ƷƷţͰ޺һļʮÿμӼ۲õڡ
ĲϽУƽʱѵһϡﾡԳ֡
ƷףرƷţƷ鵤ϡҩģϡʯƤ޹Ѫȵȵȵȡ
ЩƷÿһļֵʮߵģĵһٶ򣬼ʹԱȲϵһƷСѨ𺳣ҲѵһĶ
գЩԱߣҼ۸񣬳˺ܶ˵Ԥ룬զࡣ
ЩƷʹ󣬵ʤѩУȻۡ
ǵ۽磬ΪԽĸǣϴߴаڵıһıǵķۣǹֻǵţڡ
ܿ죬ŴԼʮƷľϣһ׶ĸ߳ҲѹƷʼ֡
ʣѹƷǼ۸ϵı
һѹƷر顯һöʱ꣬ѹһа˼ħסļۣһһʮƷǮÿμӼۣõ򣡡
ڶѹƷƷеޡһԭǰһλǿߣаڡԭı䲻һ޻ӳѹѿռ䣬ƿƷµףƷ·һ޿ƣ
ļۣһʮƷǮÿμӼۣõ򣡡
ѹƷƷݣݡһ꣬ȻֻλƷףֵһЩƷ֮£֮һЩȣһܴ֮ԴٶȣļۣһٰʮƷǮÿμӼۣõʮ򣡡
˻
š컨ӡ±ٻһһѹƷһʱУȻǷ֮
ʮ¥֮ϵЩ䣬Ҳɧ
ʣѹƷᾫ׼òײųＯģȻҲŵᣬһ׶εѹƷ
ۼֵǿ϶ѷСѨȴҲȥκһڳ󲿷˷
ʮ¥СУʤѩĿ΢һǱƷǿۣǼرƷݣݣȴ㶼ʹǣҲһãɶ˼
컨ӡ±ٻһĿʼ漴һƷ顱ıۣ㼱£һһʮ򣬺ܿһٰʮ򣬽ӽ


904 
⣬Բһʼ
۸һٰʮ򣬺ܿǷ΢һЩҲʮʮļӣ쭵ʮ򣬲ڻ
ʮ¥Уɫ΢΢һ
е죬˵ȴûʲôãӦ
뵽ԣȻѹһа˼ѹħ뵽½쳣б޻Ժõš
ԣԥһ£Եıһ¼ۣʮ򡣡
û뵽˺Ժ뷨Ҳһֻضʹãʵ򾳽ûʲôӰ죬Բӱʵıò󣬲ֵΪ˻̫౦Ǯ
ʮǼޡ
ǹʣ֮᳡Ȼһ֮ã˿ڡ
컨ӡ±ٻεؿһ᳡һۣȷ˼Ӽۣ֪ҲൽˣǹʵҲԥֱӿڵʮ¥ʮ˺Źˣʮ򣬻ûټӼ۵ģһ
ž
ڣһȷ׮ףԵŮߵһƷ漴΢Ц˵ϲʮ˺ŹˣĳɹбŮΪƷ
䣬ſڵǵڶѹƷޣӻԾӼۣ
һ֣ȡ͸һɫıӣһǽں׵ϣ컨ӡ±ٻ΢΢һЦҲעֱһӡ
ž
ը죬˲ѳһƬĲƣɢ
ɫƷ֮ϣɲ֮䣬ٿԵֵѰƷƷףֱѿһһѷ졣
գǡһѿ¶ɪɪһֵ
ȥɡ
컨ӡ±ٻܵŵ³΢Цؿ̨ˡ
һ£ڽԻȻ
Ȼ֪Ʒ䲻˭Ҳû뵽ޣȻ
עһһƷ׸ѣ䡰Ѽס˾֡
˶սһͳޣһѶԷ´ƣֱӻɢսΣԶ
⻹ǲע£һעֻܷӳܣһƷȱƷףֻ¶סޡ
д˱ֻ֣ս˲Ҫһ֮ࡣ
ǹʣ컨ӡ±ٻתͷ̨˲һʮıգ۱㱻Խһʮһٰʮʮ
գ˱޺Ȼĳʮĸ߼ۣʮ¥źŰ䣬һλߡ
˱޵ļ۸ֻѷڵһƷСѨʮ򣬵ҲΪӽˣԶѰƷļ۸˳Ծ
ѹƷҲճ̡
ҲеȤϾ⡰ݡõһЩȣȻȲ̫󣬱ϾֻƷףûƷʤʤö֡
ʹκһƷٱǧ򱶵ֵͨƷֻҪܹöֵ֣㲻
Ҵ˲ģ޵ٶһһ㣬ע˲ݵļֵ
˲һģ۸ͬ˲ζȵĳ̶ȣʮʮǣ쭵ٰʮĸ߼ۣƽš
ٶƷǮʵڲʲôҲһμۣǷ͸ղһʹû˳ۡ
ԣҲԸ⻨ƷǮ¡
ڴʱʤѩȴ֮Ŀڣһ۾򣬶ʱپʮͣ˿Уʤѩһۣԥһ£գûٺˡ
Ǵ˲ݲֵҲΪ˲ݱ
һΪϾ󣬶˵ֵпޣһݣѿ̥ǰЧҲΪʤѩĹϵΪСìܡ
ȻʤѩʾȤȻԸһ֡
ûпڣʾ˻ã˺һһʮ˭֪ʤѩȫƣһʮȫȻ
գ˲ݱʤѩ£С
ˣһ׶Ʒȫꡣ
ȻѹƷûһ۸񳬹СѨƷƷݣرҲ˶ƽټϵһĴ˵鵤
ֻһ׶εԶѰѹʱˡ
⻹ֻǿʼ滹и߽׸ܵĵڶ׶ΣҲɵڴˡ
̨ϣ컨ӡ±ٻһ׶ԲɹϢһʱ䣬ҽƷǮһƷǮʱ䣬һʱֺ󣬵ڶ׶ʽʼ󣬱̨Ӱ

ʮ¥ᣬʤѩڵķڡ
Ϣʱ䣬ţ򿪣ȻһŮʤѩĵȫ͵
ʤѩûгͳǱ䰴һ֧
ܼʮ
֧ɹ֮ǱѾܽӽһǧˣϾǵϣͻɹ²Ʒ
ȻɹļֵѷڱǮҲ˶٣ϣӽİˡ
һʤѩˣֻҪһһҼֵƷܳɹĽ𿨻Ա
Ϊ֮Ʒһɰۣ֮Ķ˶ˡ
Ů뿪ǽʤѩĵݵݽȥԼĵ飬ϸ
ͨʵɫУһ͸Ĺǵĺ⡣
˺һ̼ľͷ˲ͨ࣬һⴿĸоԾȻ
ԭΪֻһʱûõرڿʮƷǮǻֵͦ
׼ͷпеʱٺúоһö飬ȴֳʱһߵʤѩǺԥǱݵһɫľС
ľУŵһһָɫСݣɢŵ
ʤѩ״ۣҲȻҲԥֱһͷ̷ȥ漴Ŀ
ûãͷһƮƺ˼֣̫ԣϾҩЧûôǿ
ѹ֮΢΢һЦ˵ͷͳһװǮӵϡ
״ҲŤֱӽӹҲȥֱ봢֮С
ʵƷǮʤѩһһ㣬ν
˱ϾĶ滹иصƷ۸ܾͲ򣬲һֱ֧ʤѩǮҲͽܡ
ϾΪʡһɶıǮѾܲˡ
ӹǮ֮ѯЧΣʤѩԣĿܰΣۣͷһЧޣϾֻһƷݣָܲЧΣиݣǺѡ
ԣҲͷʾͬ
ڵľʶԣܲЧĶѾʮַǷЧѣƷǮҲϡ
ֻϧҪʱڵõݻܣϾƷݲǴײˣҪϡѼȵļƷݡ
ԺлᣬȥŴ֮ԣﷲ࣬Ҳҵݣõһٶȡ
ٲ˵һʱܿȥܿ죬ڶ׶ε


905 Ͻ
ŶһǮ˴عλ컨ӡ±ٻֳ֣ƺղ̨һױݣɫָֻɾڣ洺硣
ܺãôҾôˣڶ׶ʽʼ
Ҳ£ֱ֣ӽܵڶ׶ΣƷǮף֮ǰѾȷ׼򣬾Ͳٶ׸ԡ
ڣһƷƷо񹦡һļۣʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򡣡
Ʒо˻
±ٻԣ˽̧ͷһ
Ȼ¡̨ٴ𣬸̨Ͽգ͸룬һ޽֮ϵĵɫţɫѹŵһ㣬ԴɢһɷǷŵĸо
ȻǵƷоڶ׶ο֣ûʧ
˶ףƷо󣬸οиΪϡĹо
һ׶ΣһƷţôûȣֵƷоýΡ
ôˣ϶Ҫͷ
ҹÿһ˵Ҫԣ׸ԣ˶ףǵ֮Ҳ޵߶Զϡ
ܵõһƷоôѣڳţԶûлӴƷˣܴⲿƷоУӴһЩΨЩųĸ߲㣬лӴĵƷ塣
Ȼ϶ûĵƷ󣬵ˣҲ˷ˡ
Ҫǣ˶ףܽ뱾Ĺںϣʹ̥ǣ˵лὫĹƷĴڡ
ƷǿܴгһңǧĴڣΪ̵
ˣ壬ֵġ
û뵽ԸóȻŹ
ˣ컨ӡ±ٻĿʼһⲿƷо񹦡ıۣˮǴߣһʮԾ˽
Ҫ֪ڴ֮ĵģɲ֮ǰƷǮƷ
һöƷöƷ
Ҳ˵Ʒо񹦡Ļ׼ۣƷǮڣۣ߳ѾﵽңԶ֮ǰһ׶оƷ
˴˵ҩСѨ
Ҳ⣬ΪСѨվֻһˣһֻһѨƷף֮ӻ޷ʹá
ãֵԶⲿΪһڱġ񹦡
ЩңңܲƸλﵽˣȱһʹǴĴй˳۶ǲһ˫ͨ졣
һٶʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
һٰʮ򣡡
򣡡

ľۣѸٴﵽʮʱȫ񻶵Ⱥ΢ЩӦ
һ㣬Ȼ뵽һ仰ܾһǧƷǮȥһƸҲͿˡ
˲ɴӸտʼȣŭսٿȻ类һˮѣЩ侲
뵽ΪһѼȫƸĳȥֵֵ󱨼۵˲١
գһλƴ֣Ҳ֮Ĵڣʮһ¥һλ𿨹ˣʮƷǮߡ
ƷǮһǧٶ׵һ֡
һƷĳȫһƬһΣûתңЩ塣
ΪֹףΪ֮ǰ±ٻ˵ôƶһκܶˣעֻǹ֣ΪֵƷûз˸ܾĵ
棬ûг̫á
˵Ϊˣĸ᳤컨ӡ±ٻ䳡̫á
ûжలο˵֣Ϊ֪ʲôЧ
ȻڶƷһԭǣ˲ָֻ顣
ˮ̨͸֮УֳһԼ۴Сʽɫƽɫ֡
ƷͽлһöԽһ˵ĵԣתΪеκһУ˹˽֮Ѱãʶô˹пȫתΪϵǡ
ļۣʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
תԵ
һ£ȫٴκȻ
ȻĲͬΣû뵽ֻǸյڶ׶ΣƷоƷϡ䡣
˹͵Ʒо񹦡һ񹦻Ҫ򣬲пܴϰ˹ֻҪ£ЧͼӰ
ٶʲ⣬Ƕÿǵˣ˲컨ӡ±ٻһ䣬ĵ˳һϯ
ʮ¥䣬ʤѩҲԸв졣
ȻҲףлڵȫתΪϵܻʹԼսʱڱһء
ԳԶĪ˵Ƕʤѩ˵ȴǱ״
Ϊ磬Ī˵֮Ҫ˺һ塣
˺һ壬ȻɣȻ޳ã챦ǿתδܲ
ȻǶᣬǰ벽磬δпܳĶ˵˹״
Щ磬˵û֮Ҫȥһη˵˹ȴϡ䱦
ھ׷ѾǵĿǣսȴʵʵڿüġ
ʤѩûгۣ۵ȴǴڣʮƷǮߡ
Ʒ
ļƷ
ʮƷ
ɵĽУֵʮƷȻδضд񹦻л󣬵Ҳȥһĸ߳
ʤѩδ֮˵ʹ⣬ǵ²Ǽ裬ȴҪűǮԾõƷǹʶδٳ֡
ֱʮһƷĳ֡
Ϲ֣Ͻٹһö磬󣬽Уֱʱ֮Ϊ١
ǰ߽⣬ٲöϽٹ֣ҲǱòײѰֻ¶ûд༸öһöһö
ٹ֣һжֲ֮˽֮ɹΪҪأԺκһûԴϽٵĿطΧ
ļ۶ʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
Ͻٹ֣
᳡Уڶ컨ӡ±ٻĻЩڣ˵ִٵơ
뵽Ѿٶֻ꣬δػֲɹֲĹҲһʮַ£öʮѵõٹ֣û̫˵Ȥ
ֻԾԼĳطǼһǿˣ۾һĶ뵽ֲɹҪʱվãδЧҲԥ
գٹֱȣҲýӶʮʮ򣬾ͻӣۿЩ˵ȵòͣߴ±ٻϽⳡϽһ
ûҪʮһΣʮڶ
컨ӡ±ٻҲû뵽ϡ־Ȼ³һҲȻ
Ͼϣĸֱţ˶УһöӵĹƺ٣ȻЩ֮⣬Ⱥ鼤ߣҲ뵽ȷʵĲʲô۸񣬱ҲϽ䴸һ
ʮ¥֮ϣʮ˺ŰУ۾ȴڴϽٹֳֵһ˲䣬㲻۾һȻֱ


906 ֵ
Ŀ磬̨ϣˮ̨͸֮УֵһϽɫɢ֮ι֣˸˸
Ҫ˵֮ôǰᣬһΪԪˮͻϵԪȫϣ貹µΪֶΡ
ȻΪѰһֿԽʤѩ˾֮УѰõĵƷоħٸɹϡˡ
ʣ˿̨ϳֵϽ֣ҪѰҵĹ֮һ
ħٸʽ̫ͨһҪһֱȽϡеĹӣԴ壬ΪС
սУݴϢģʩչٵܣɱˡ
˵ʮϡУΪյĹƷʺ͵ȽײͬħٸҲͬ
ʣ˿̨ϳٹ֣磬д֮ƣһصĹ֣ȫܷҪ
һԴڴϽϢսʩųεϽУһֻ֣»ûнӽҪƬ
ˣöϽٹ֣Ȼڱصá
ңĴ˹֣ͱȱ˾ģüһơ
ǾǣֻҪֱԴҪԼԴ󻹵ǲҪʱ̫ãȴûֵó
˷Ѵʱ侫ʧһʶԴھһŷ
Ϊʡȥ֮˹ֶʧܵ⡣
ԺʣУŹ֣ûбеȱݣֻҪûȫȥڻһ˿Ϣܽգ֮Уʩչħٸ
ģŹ֣Իûĵزɢž˵Ϣ
Ȼ˯꣬Ĺ֣ˣѾȥȻҲһֳ
ĵֱ˷֣ˡ
һ˽ǧĶ̻˵ǵƣԶʮƷǮܱģ£ǹʣ˵ֵԲڡ
ңڱ˵ʮƷǮһƷ˵ʮƷǮһϡеĹ֣Ѿȫ׬ˣû˱ˡ
ˣ컨ӡ±ٻıۿҪҪ˲䣬һʮ¥ᴫʮ򣡡
ž
˶ûԤϵѾҪɹĶ˸ͷӼۣǽԲɰĿͶʮ¥ʮ˺Źᣬ治֪ʲôˡ
ǰһ׶ΣѹƷʮ˺ŰߣĿ겻
˵δ֣˿ְ̣Ŀ׼Ͻ֣ѵϽ֣ʲôⲻɣ
Ȼ֪ΪһоҪĴ֮ǰʮĻߣɫЩ
һֲϡֲʦ֮ڵļ壬պϷһСеֲ壬˹֣ΪоͿǷֲɹ
˱˾òֵĶȴԸ⻨ʮƷǮȥģΪţֲɹ
û뵽ۿҪĳɹаϲûϵȴͷȴֺ֦ڡ
޺޵ؿһʮ¥ʮ˺ŵİᣬȴҲ֪ܳΪģûмˡ
οǰ˰˳ֵԣݲҲΡ
ˣҪõ˹ֻ֣й󣬼ۣѹԷˡ
˵ֻҪֲɹһ곤ɵϽٵļֵԶʮƷǮˡ
ˣֺ˼μۣʮһ򣬵ʮ
ȻκǶգȻ̾һˡ
˿ŹȻ󣬵ҲֵѼǮȥģ˵оʲôֲоȫû˴ۡ
Ȼе㲻ʣֻˡ
ԣ֣ʮɹĵ֣ڡ컨ӡ±ٻɹһŮ֮ݹǮĲĿʼоϽֵϢ
һԣʤѩֳϽ֣¶΢ЦӣȻҲףΪΣҲţһʱᾲżŵģ˭Ҳûп˵
µỹڼȻֵһȴĶˡ
ȫᣬ仹űһƣȴ˼ȫϣ۾еǿιֻ֣Ծӽȥͻᷢŵİ
һЩȫգħٸСˡ
ֻǴʱУԱʤѩڣȻھǹʴȷϴ󣬶ȷʵӵħٸõϢ󣬾Ͳٶ࿴һͣӽ˴պá
Żعͷʤѩ΢΢һЦ漴Ŀ⾼עᡣ


907 ߲
ȫϽٹֵϢʱ̨ʵֳּĶ鼶ҩӶֵ࣬Ƶʼߡ
֮ǰȣΪͻѨ磬׼Ķħ۵ȣڴϳĴΡ
û񵱳һһŵ򣬶ʮģһΣٿһġ
Ȼֵҩˣ϶ĳˡҲ֪չã˶ٵ鵤һóǮ
ЩƷͻѨĲƷܶ˶Ҫõ
ˣԵԲǸˣĳңš
ҲΨЩңţŻһҪĶħ۵ȿΪµ֮ãҲΪճǷǳһƷ
⣬̻Ըȫ£׬ȡһЩۡ
ǹʣҩҲüǳ㣬żֵȻҲǧƷǮһţһ࣬۸ҲǼɹ۵ġ
ֵҩ֮⣬ϻٴγƷһΪСƱΪƷµһΪϡȭףСźâΪƷе߽ԱԸ߼ߡ
׶ΣƷƷȣҲϲ̨ˣͳֵƷ
⣬ϡѼĶһƷסҹᡱһƷƷоաһƷȷо˼ּϡٺļƷ鵤ȵȵȵȡ
Ŀĸ߽Ʒõձżȵĳ̶ȣʮ¥ʮһ¥¥Ĺ䣬ҲƵƵ𼶹ʲô־ġ
ʮ¥Ϊֹû˿֮⣬¥ᣬ͵ˣɣĹĳƷ
ȻܲܳɹÿԼĵˡ
ʣǸѵĲ
ֻЩ˵ûʲôȽشĿ꣬һΪĵҩһħٸĹ֡
ڵڶĿѾɣôҪģ벽ѨΪ򾳽ĵҩˡ
ˡ
֮ǰ˶ԼԤڻĿ꣬Ȳ˵ԤںĿܲɣԣΪ;Լ˼ıʱ任Ŀģ֪
μᣬһʱпܸԤڱĵطΪһнпܡ
ڣűڶ׶εĽӽβֵƷҲһһڣڶ׶ѹʱڵ
һʱ䣬ͿһԼȤƷ
δ˵ҩ߲
컨ӡ±ٻվˮ̨֮ԣָ͸гֵһСƿ΢Цܡ
δ˵ҩ߲һֲĵľѪԪ񣬿޲ƣԾȣͻ֮ʱܴﵽõ״̬ͻƳɹʣ
ڿʼĵһţļۣʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
ţȻǴ˵ҩ
Ҳüͷ΢壬̶۾΢΢һ
ڴ˵İ
泲Ѩ˳ع飬ʱаɽϯӣƷ桱а䣬õĽǣɹһ򣬺ؼסһߣδ˵ҩ߲š
У˶ݵģɱǼؼסԼδ˵鵤߲ˡ
ؼסԲ˵ӵд˼ףʹаӹһɱ٣Ȼʱˡ
߲ҲΪ
Ϊ鼶ҩУڴ˵ҩ֮µ鵤ٿûͨõʮѡ
书ܣȴҲ׿δ˵Ƚס
Ʒ桱аڱչ֮Уаɽɽ֮һźǧĴ͵Ϯɱˣȥȴ˳ߣܿظȫʢʱڣعаɽضɽλ
˵߲ޡ
ָܻڶصƣ˵Ǿ鵤֮һ书ҲֶʱһҲͻƾļʣ˵ʮֺ
ǰаô߲ҲĽºҲȥһԷһϧȴ޽
ΪּĴδ˵鵤аҪսôĹѫҲܵõʹ͡
û뵽ڣϣȻһԳ
һҪ¡
һ̣ʣҩŵټϱǮ࣬Ҳںһģ˵컨ӡ±ٻһĿʼԥҲ˾ĵĴм䡣
֮⣬˺ԣҲʮֵҩƽ򲻵ġ
˵һҩǶһ
ˣһʼһ߲ᣬ˻ȣӽĳ̶ȡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
һ򣡡

Ϣ˲䣬һ߲ļ۸񣬱ͻ˰ƷǮ֮ޣҼ۸ԷɿٶȳϷǡ
һʮ򣡡
򣡡
ʮ򣡡
գͷڵҲ֪ȥܼ۸ߣһģֱӿʮһ˲סڳˡ
ڣһԼӼһ򣬶ԭ䶨µ׼ۣʵզࡣ
һʱĵģǸֲƵʮ˺Źᣬ޵ģϾû˳ˡ
߲ãʮҲ˭õóġ
Ҫǣ˵ֲֻһ滹һؾͲ˰ɣ
Ǳ뷨ʱֹͣ˾֮ģȴ
컨ӡ±ٻȷӦҲԺһʮ¥ʮ˺Űᣬ漴Цݣ΢ЦڵʮһΣʮڶΣΣɽϲʮ˺Ź
ž
Сɵ£ʮ¥ᣬҲһصɿαϡ
Ůƿװĵһ߲Ҳ¶Цݣ˿ۣȷǻʵ߲ɣ漴֮Ľ봢С
˵ٶܹһ߲һ㲻úˣö׬ġ
ʱΪĹƷڣеǱҲ֮ΪۼѴﵽһǧ֮ΪĽ𼶹
ŻݶҲ֮˰ۣԭ˰ٷ֮壬ָʡȥ˲ٱǮ


908 ƴ
˶ûԤϵǣΪó߲һ˶Ϊڶˣ˼˺ܶࡣ
ǵڶľһʼ˲ﵽȻ۸Լʮϰܿƽļ۸
һԣĸˣǼϢ䣬ͳԭıʮİٶʮĿɲۣʮһ¥һλƴֵĽ𼶹ߡ
۸˵һ׶ĳĴ˵鵤СѨ
һ룬ʵҲ⡣
һǾһһȴֻһѨƷʡ
ѨƷԽߣ˵ٶԽ죬ȷܴﵽĸģȴȫ˵Ѩȼ츳ŬԼԴĶȵȡ
ûˣûˡ
ĸҪԶ
ҩ࣬ȻִΣ£Уϣδ˵Լ˵ߵȡߵȣָϡг̶ȣȴָ˵̶ȣգҪЧġ
Ч죬߲²Ǵ˵Ҳһ㴫˵鵤ֵü
Щ˵鵤ʹƷϸߣþޣȴδ˵鵤һЩļƷ鵤Ҳпܡ
˵ˣͬĵҩֻʮߣȴİٶʮʮƷǮĲ࣬ɲһС
λ𼶹Ȼõڶö߲ĵף϶Ӷڵˡ
֪һöֻҪʮ϶ҲѧѧһμӼһ£ʡȥ鷳
ϧʲôУûкҩԣΪ߲Ҳֻܳˡ
Ȼ߲Ҳڶ׶ѹƷ֮һѣһһ
˵ϻи粻Ԥ֮ڵ߲ǵһһͲܲ˼ȸоϲָзˡ
Ϊڶ׶ѹƷ֮Ȼһδ˵鵤عⷵյ
һоϤڵûµĶ鵤
ɣƽʱѵһĴδ˵鵤ᣬǲǾĺʹײһһһֳֵġ
عⷵյûǵϣֹһֶҩֻһβʱڲųֵģħӡ˾԰˰ƷǮļǮߡ
ʱҲĶȴߵ̫࣬ηˣû뵽֡
ͬǣѵ˵ߣᣬҲʲôϵ
ȻӦϡĴδ˵鵤ܷͬϡҪ˵мûʲô飬˭Ҳš
Ȼûʲôϵֻ֪һعⷵյǰһΣһҪȡ
̨ϣ컨ӡ±ٻڸ߽ܴ˵
عⷵյδ˵֮ܽˣһ¼ʹѾֻҪʱعⷵգӵƬ̵
˵ЦЦֵҩҪ˵ȻҪ˵ߣȴֵȷصãĳضʱڣʤһϡ䱦
ǹʣ˵ҲۣȫҶȰļۣһÿμӼ۲õʮڿʼģ
컨ӡ±ٻƺһֶصħÿ˵ľ񶼲˲һ𣬼۾
ԣҲ֪عⷵյ̶ȣԾȻ˾鵤߲֮ŵѹᵹڶλ
һƷǮĿۣҲǶԴ˵Ŀء
ϧھ˶ԣһƷǮѾǲ֮ܳޣ⣬Ǹտʼļ۶ѡ
ֻֻӵаʮƷǮĵ߲󶼱ĵİٶۣعⷵյǱ߲鵤ļ۸жɲ
ǹʣϣһֻǮۡ
õҲֻʹĳһѪˡ
һʮ򣡡
٣
壡
İ٣

ֻգۼ䣬عⷵյļ۸񣬱㳬߲߼۸񣬶һڷ
ԣ˶ʱʱ򣬶ʱһֻмʱһʱ鵤ܶ£ҵµĸ֮
ΪˣǿԲϧһС
֪ڴ˵۸ȴûв뾺ġ
Ϊףڲ룬ѣȵƽٳ֡
ʮ򣡡
򣡡

۸ʮʱڽߡ
ȻعⷵյãվǾ鵤ֻһ˵һѰҸѡܾʲôֱӽȻء
ǹʣٶƷǮʱЩ˾ԥˣЩˣȣŸտʼ䷢
ٰʮ򣡡
߰򣡡
۸߰򣬾Ѿپųϣھ۵ģֻˣˣҲＫˡ
Ȼ۸߰ʮ򣬻ھ۵ģѾֻˣʣˣҲͬʱ˳ˣвô˵ֵǸˡ
ھĵˣһһͭϯλ֮ϵӥˣһʮһ¥һ𼶹ˣһŮӡ
һ
żʹ۸Ѿӽϴ𽻻ɽ۸ɲˣҲ΢΢ü
Ҫĳ˰ϵˣϴεļ۸Ҳδ֪
ǰ˴ʱȻѡ
ڣϵıǮǧƣ߰˰ƷǮȴֲôˡ
ǲƸλĲͬµĿ۹Ҳͬ
ð˰ƷǮȡһĻᣬԥ
ǣοڣһڣֱĨƽ˺𽻻Ĳࣺ˰򣡡


909 Ǿޱɽ
˰
ⲻǰֽǰ˰ƷǮһöƷǮ൱öƷһսɹ˴ŵŹ׵㣬ࡣ
ƷǮۣ˰ƷǧƷ
⻹ǱԿ߼۸û뵽ȻֻΪһöδ˵鵤ֱ˳ű
ԣֹĺܶ˱סͭλϵӥˣʮһ¥Ľ𼶹еŮӣü
ߣ
ӥ俴ʮ¥ʮ˺Űһۣ۶δۡ
ʮһ¥һݻĽ𼶹ڣһˮȹľŮӣɫЦЦĿƺ¥׵ʯ壬ʮ¥ڵİ䡣
૵˻ǸӣȴҲȤΪ˭ܱ˰סƵġ
Ȼ뵽֮ǰΪ߲һԿڼӼһ򣬽סõڶö߲ĳɽ۸ʮ֮޵
һΣ˴ˣԱȵڶöͽļ۸ߵһö߲˾ܾ
ڣƺظ֮ǰڿûеڶöعⷵյԥһԼӼۼʮסˣҲ̫Сˡ
ˣֻЦһ֮Ͳ˿̻ؿڱһߵļ۸񣺡˰ʮ򣡡
һȺӡ
˵֮ǰıۣ˾Ƿ˲࣬λʮһ¥𼶹ıۣͬˤһص
һӰѼ۸̧˰λŮһԼӼʮǷ˲ࡣ
ǰһ˿룬˱۲˰̫ӥӣ˿̳ײˣģ˭Ҳóܲˬ
ʱ˭ҲûҲûչעڹע鵤ɽ۸
᲻ͻƾŰ򣬻᲻᣿
˶룬ں档
۸ÿһ˵˵ǺܶһҲ׬ȡĲƸܶ˼ҲûмڣУҲһֶѡ
ʮ¥ʮ˺ŹУʤѩЦЦ֣㾺ˡ
Ǻǡ
Цһ¡
ȻŮӵıۣҲԳһҪ˵ʹ治ᡣ
֮ǰ۸϶ˣڣϾǰ
ˮŮΪǹ⿪߼ˣʵ鷳ͷһһεļӼ۶ѡԲδںղǲ׬ʮ
󿪼ۿİٶʮͬ򣬾ʮһҲʲôˣΪһж̶ѡ
£ˡ
ˣʤѩĵ٩ֻЦЦڵǾͿٰܸɡһǧöعⷵյҾͲҪˡ
˵꣬ٴαһ۸񣺡Ű򣡡
üž
ѻȸ
˵֮ǰϣΪһöعⷵյĳ˰ۣѾɷˣһ
ʱıۣѾ˦һأǧ۸Ȼŵһ˵°͡
عⷵյҪ߼۸ʵ˰ҲͲˣٶ࣬ǿġ
ȻҲȫԼ뷨ˣ뷨ֵͬҲͲͬ
Űٶʮ򣡡
һΣʮһ¥УλˮŮЩԥˣֲ
û뵽֮ǰ治ǹƣ˰˰ʵǵޣΪԼ۰˰ʮܳɹѹƶ֣öعⷵյĵ֡
û뵽ԷȻĲɫӣҪǲ֪׼ۣ
˾ŰʵѾе㲻ҪˣŲԷͷԥţһļ۸񣺡Űٶʮ򣡡
ļۣҲʮʮϼӣֻС˶ʮѡ
ҪԷ
ٸͲҪˣٶǮͲֵˡ
໨ʮҲôںССһ¶ѡ
ǣԥٴδŰʮ򣡡
һҲ˿ڡ
ʮһ¥УˮŮӺÿüͷһδڣȻѾˡ
һԣһͬİŮӣĳüŮЦܽΣˣ˸㡮ʥáѽ
ɴ˵ʲôأ
СܽŮüİŮӵǾһö鵤ʲôϵԷ֪ʲôˣҲ֪ԷʲôˣҾü۸Ѿޣˣ˶ѡ
Ǻǡ
ŮЦЦһ۾У¶һĨЦ⣬һѻʲôϣʥá˭ҲԷûﰡ
Ůһ֪ŮǹΣе΢΢Ĳ
ȻֻҪҪĶûòµģʱ£ᣬ½һСطһγ֣Ȼڡ
ԺҲǻټʱء
ٿڣ漴˵һĵ
ˮŮӲٿڣҲŰʮ壬Ȼûдﵽǧ򣬵𺳵Ϣ
ǹʣ˳֣գöعⷵյԾŰʮۣɹ£ٴһöδ˵鵤
ʱʮʮ˺ŰᣬΪ֣ҴδζǶŽҪȥԸԳҲˣ˵Ĳͬʱǵݡ
ϧ˵ߣʶӣֵͬƣʱ֪֮ǰûԸô
ˣڶѹڶƷ䶨ֻʣһ
˶̨ϣ컨ӡ±ٻ֣漴ˮ̨ϣ͸Уһʺɫĳ֡
͹׾ϵƣǾޱ岻ɢĺΡ
μƷǾޱɽһ


910 󿪲Ȩ
ڳ𣿡
ʺŽֵ˲䣬Ҳɵ΢һЩ̨ǱǾޱŽĿ˸
֮ǰǰƷƹ׿˵
Ϊʷʥٵ٣ϣƸ㹻ҪΪĵҩлƽʱ
ƷƷܸǲ
пܣָһĴμƷļƷα
Ȼ
˵֮ǰһ׶ΣƷƷµеΪڶ׶ΣƷеȸߵƷΪ
ڶ׶εβѹỷڣеһμƷ̨
ݺ͵λҲǲòأΪ֮֮ĵġ
Ϊ񣬼ʹǿҲμƷѣǾޱɽƷףϵκһ
֪˽֮ʯеõǱâΣ
ĽбȽϣǿǲֲ٣ɫ
ӵеâԷרƻƣǾޱɽȴȻȻһԵԱȽϿˮϵϵľϵϵ
۷ͽǿȣѷâ۹˲䱬ȴڣʤһ
Ȼ˽ལЩƣΪལͬڻϵ
ལСͣԶ̹ΪʹãǾޱɽȴǲͬһԵ
ΪâལͬƷ׵ǾޱɽȻٳ֡
Ȼʹոջֻ߲ǧ»عⷵյʣıǮԶ࣬ȴ˷һμƷϣΪҲеغϡ
иҪҲڴĵ׶Ρ
ͬһԭǣһŮʹõʽݻϵʻɲһ˸õ
ƷٸߣҲһο䲢âལɫ
֣˲֡
μƷֳڵһ˲䣬ͺȻڣɱȸղ߲ͻعⷵյʱɵĶˡ
ϾҩһƷȴһֱʹã˲ԼսƷ
ƽˣһӶûмһδμƷллõȻŹ
컨ӡ±ٻԳԵ˵˽Ʒףļۺ󣬳һʧأм˷ﲻ
գļһʮĴμƷǾޱɽʮһ¥Źһλؽ𼶹ʮߡ
ǵľĸֹͬһμƷѹһƷС󡱡
ǱμƷֻĳɹ
ȲǾޱɽΪ
һǳԱ̫٣ǰڵһӵеɹޡ
ҲΪ칤ɽ벽Ķǿߣڷӳ֣˸Ȼ۸Ͳİ
ҲǺҪһ㣬ű˻ʹãƷߣֵȴ
ȴǳŵļ֮һ˵ڱ֮ҲΪ
һͬƷףͬʹ࣬۸񣬿ҲĴģ
ѹƷ꣬ٴνһʱֵʱڡ
ôʱڣ־ڵ׶ˣǰһ̨ԼƷƷǮȫһҪƷ
Ϊ컨ӡ±ٻԣ׶ᣬֻƷǮıۣƷƷһŲ룬ⷢҡ
ʤѩҲμӵ׶ᣬϣƷƷǮ࣬Ʒȴ޼ȲѣҲֻȥһӦƷǮ
ңΪѾǽ𼶹Ĺϵ¿ԲԶ֣һŮѯʹҪһ֮󣬾ΪǰףУʡǲ¡
ˣȻΪʱûиʤѩȴҲƷһؽ𼶹Ĵ¶ԴˣҲʮ⡣
һʱ֮󣬶һ걦Ǯ˻صλ컨ӡ±ٻٴγ֣׶ʽʼ
һƷ۾һȤ
ħ𾧿ȨһħƷϵǼϡеĻϵ֮ʱϼѸϡ
˿ĳɢżȻ֣֪ɣؽϢڱᡣᶥʦֳ̽ħ棬ƴԼǧ㹻һСҿ֮á
˾̺ӴĻϵϧΪʱ䲻ʱ̫̣ͬʱǴصĻϵԪ⣬ԲγɵƷϵħ𾧣Ǵ˵еĻϵԪ
ˡ
컨ӡ±ٻĿһתЩħ̺ĻϵͬˣֻԶࡣܽ⣬ܵõһħԴ𾧣ǿֵڻϵԪ١
һ𾧿ĿȨжҪˣشļۣһƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
ˣ
컨ӡ±ٻһʱȫȻ
˭뵽׶εƷֻ²Ƿ˭Ҳû뵽һȻһ׻ĿȨ
⿪Ȩ˵ããһЩȱͲԴСңȷǲɶõڳ˶ԣֻ¾ЩȰߡ
ҪôǸˣҪô𾧿ûȤ
󲿷˶ǳԼĵرһ𾧿ĿȨʲô


911 
ûȤûȤ
УһЩǣǡϴᣬϹǲԵʲôöһЩ֮
۾һ漴뵽ʲôѯʵ¸᳤ħ𾧿ڵأںη
ʳ˻ԭ
ţأħ𾧿պþڣãǣҲ̫Զظпɡ
ǵפػʮǧԶǲܴĽ֮ڣħ𾧿ٺãҲҪġ
ԣܶҲ뵽ʱͬʱ״˽ڣͬʱһǡ컨ӡ±ٻ
Ȼ˲ᣬ컨ӡ±ٻ벻˵ȻʣͲܲԤԻشˡΪ漰˻᲻Ὺھġ
ɫΪѣǸصǳǸصڲ˵ȥֻеȾ˾ĳɹˣŻ˽¸֪
˵͵ⲢλΪѣ֪𾧿һֲƶԴ˵ȥƾ£ҲʳѰģֻܴµĸߴһ򡣡
˵ڶĳأȽƫԶλκһλļ嶼кܳһξ룬˸治߸λصҲһģΪ뿪ǻ𾧿ƱҪֳһˣǰӣܺܳʱ䣬ܻ
Ȼ
˵һ٣ֲЦ⣬Ҳλɢ޻Ὣ𾧿ǣ಻Ըʱ侫ȥԼɣóλԭ򡣡

ٴοڵ˴Ѿһλ󷨴ʦһڱκͱ˾ѷֺͽ룬ֻгͳƲܴ򿪽룬ȷ밲ȫ
ͬҲҪλ˽԰Ѵħ𾧿ĵصˣΪᷢѪ䣬һй©֣ú
ԣǸλԼص֪ˣСŮڴ˿Ա֤ⷽλֿɢǷǲй©ֵġ
Ϊ֪صƫԶ俪Ѷȴħ𾧿ֵڴ˳ŵ˭Ը´ħ𾧿ỹḽһͷرԷ졣
ˣȻһЩֵһЩֻҪԸ⻨ʱ;϶вС׬ͷġ
ˣϻ˵Ϥ߸λʣµľֻоĳɹ߲Ȩ֪Ը⾺ĵģȻӭԸģҲǿ󡣡
ڣʼɣ
Ŵԣ˿ʼĿ˸Щԥ
ʣ˵֮ǰһƷϵļֵ󣬵ǣһڵǧ֮Զ֮ңļֵ󽵵ˡ
ȻڶĿȨĶҲҪѶȺֵֵˡ
ԥ֮һЩպôƿʱʧȥԴнѰһάּ巢չȥĲҵ⴦ħȴǳֵǡʱ
ˣǺԥʼһħ𾧵󿪲Ȩ֡
˵ԭĵطûжҪиõ֮أǾǨħ𾧿Ҳδԡ
ܺñûκβҵɽյĺá
ˣȻȣħĿȨǽ۸ȥ
һ򣡡
һһ򣡡
һ򣡡
һһʮ򣡡

ΪξĵıǮȫƷǮԭ򣬴Ҿĵ˺ܶࡣ
ϾһƷƷһƷܶһƷ
Ҳ˵мÿһ򣬾Ҫ֧ƷǮ˵ǶʮƷǮڼʮʮƷڼӡ
һνеúˣϰƷǮ
Խм۸ȴɻһʮĵزӽһʮ
ˣЩˡ
ϾһʮƷǮǧƷһĲƸ
ħ𾧿ʯ󣬱ϾҪѴȥɣʱҪʮꡣ
ֻǽĵص۸ˣһԻǧƷǮռħмֵϣ⣬˭˭
Ҳɵӣ˾ͽӽˣٶ࣬Щֵˡ
˽м۱ü۸üʱʮ¥֮ϣʮ˺ŰУɫҲԥ
˵һʿѼǧƷǮȥһƷĿȨǲòᡣ
ƫƫƷǼϡУǻϵԪʧƷħ𾧡
ħ𾧵γԭʵͻϵԪм֮ԪŨ֮أǻ˳ɰǧĹڵصγɻ𾧿
ͬĵطڣħ𾧿γ֮Ԫ̫ϡԶڻϵԪ֮ء
ЩϵԪ֮УʣǹʣγɵĲǴĻϵԪֻǿϵħ𾧡
Ƕڱ˶ԡ
ӵзؾջҽųȥȴδزܽħ𾧣ɸһ׵ĵͽ׻Ԫ
ܣѾԹջԪٶһǧ˵ħ𾧿Ҳκ鵤ҩҪá
ΪʱѾ࣬ƷУδؾͻȤҩôһħ𾧿ҲҲûеڶλˡ
뵽ˣ˼ٵһԼĿǰӵеıǮ
ߴаڱеĶʤѩ֮󣬿۳һЩȽмֵΪ󣬻ԼõĶƷбȫһա
õıǮǧ߰
ʤѩֱӴڱеõıǮ򣬼ǧƷ
ⲢϵвƸ
ʯ׿֮Уɱħȵλ߾ĴУȡƷǮǧƷǮֱ
½ȥһЩȴջһЩ
ں޼ףȥʮ򣬵һߣǰʮˣҲͿ򣬼ˮͫʮҲʮѡ
𽻻ϣһЩƷջڣƷǮʮƷǮʮаƷǮİٰʮ
һٶʮ
ټϹɢȥһʮȥٶʮ򣬻½½ư֣ڽӪ᰺ÿһʱ䣬͹࡭ȵȵȵȡ
ⳡ֮ǰеıǮܹӦǧƷһƷԼƷ౦ﲻڡ
ƷֻۣǸͷһƷƷ㣬ǧƷ
ʣһĵ֣ʹʤѩҽڣҲ̫Զˡ
εϣһĴΣĵļƷֱǵһر顱ļʮƷۣʮǧƷ
ڶϽٹ֣ʮƷۣʮǧƷ
δ˵鵤߲ļʮƷʱѽ𿨻Աʵ֧۸ΪپʮǧƷ
ļδ˵鵤عⷵյɽǾŰʮƷ𿨰ۣʵ֧˰ǧƷ
ļƷһ֧ȥԼһǧƷҲ˵ϣдԼǧ˰ƷǮңȫƷǮһǧһʮƷ
Ⲣ֧ȥ֡
ϻһЩҪʱԵѺȥܻؼƷֻǽ𼶹һԾƷۼ㣬һ֧Ľǣһǧʮ
ǹʣһʮһħ𾧿ĿȨƲǣʮַ
ؾħᴿգɴĻϵһʮֵ̫ˡ
ûãħ𾧿תȥҲͿʮ򣬶һǧԾ˫ա
ôһ㣬ʱᶨԥԼıۡ
һʮ򣡡


912 ֥
ٴοۣ˶һ
ΪرۣΪӳۣҲΪŴδ˵鵤ǧƷǮû뵽һħ𾧿ҲȤ
⵽ʲôˣҲ̫㷺һɣ
Ǵ˿̣Уܶе²ۡ
Ȼҵǣħ𾧿ܶ˲ȤԼ־ӰҲֵÿ֡
Ǽλ־ھħ𾧿Ȩ֮С峤ٴγ֣ȴһ˹ĸо
ģͲרһһ㣬ͣһ㣬ʲôһʿҪһħ𾧵ĿȨʲôã
Ȼʶʮ˺ŰеʿľֻҲ֪ᡣ
ٿǮʹ÷ʽʲôӣݣ飬Ŵδ˵鵤ôҲǸŻ׼ӣԴҶĬӦλλߣҸԣŵӣӵܡ
Ϊһڸ߲㣬ˣǾԲñǮֱ伫ġ
˰ʤѩĳۣҲͷϣ
νֻҪ۸Ǹ߳Ԥ̫࣬¡
Ǽλ֮С峤ϣвʣȻȽϷŭĹ򣬻ֻٱμ۸
ԥǼ۸ϼӸ
գ˲ףҲԸвǶ֣ηħ𾧿ĿȨͱһʮƷǮļ۸ɹ¡
ħ𾧿Ȩûãһ¸߼ִ£߽ʤѩڵİᣬһɫơ
öɫƣǴǴħ𾧿Χ󷨵ƣֻгƵˣУ򣬳ǿ;
ǿҲûô򵥡
һ֪ħ𾧿ľλã᲻˵ȥȻƣλִ˿ʿ˵ȥΪ¹Ѫ䣬һй©ܣͲú
ᣬΪ½һĶᣬӵе󷨴ʦµ󷨽ƣôô
ֻûзΪͨʿûͻᱻ֮˰ɡ
Ҳе֤˿ȫԭ
ȻЩҲǱԸȥĴħ𾧿Ȩԭ򣬲ȻΣնִߵĶ϶ûжʽġ
¸߼ִ£ö֮⣬һССľӣУֻһֽ
ֽϣǴڵأ滹һªĵͼ
˵ص㣬ͼҵǴħ𾧿ټ򵥲
ȻЩֻһܲ쿴ĶΪ͹Ķ¹ƣ¸߼ִܴ򿪣򿪾޷ԭˣ϶һۿ֪ûô
ľУ鿴һĵַͱĵͼԺȷҲ֮漴һ֣㽫ȼɻҽȷͼᱻڶ˿
̧ͷ¸߼ִ£ʱǰħ𾧿ƻҪبʱ䣬嵽ʱ䣬Ҫʮ쵽һԺ󡣡
ס
¸߼ִЦݣ˵ͷʲô֮ɫ
ٴεϣҽħ𾧿֮ǰﲻҪʲô⡣
Сס
¸߼ִٴεͷصһᱣ֤飬빫ġڵħ𾧿ʱڿɻңԸȫ⸶ıǮ֧ΥԼʧ
˱á
˵ͷģ֪Լǰ֮ǰ϶ҹأҲͲٲĴˡ
𿨰֧һʮǧƷǮȻ֣ʤѩĳ֣еǱȻΪϽ𼶵Ĺˡ
Ҳ˵ǰǰſܹѾѳһƷǮ
һ˺ŵ֣֮ǰû뵽ôʹ𼶣ʹӽ𼶽ߵϽ𼶡
΢һ㣬С
֮ǰѴﵽƷǮϡ
ûãʮ飬ʤѩʮݡ
Ѵﵽٶ򣬼ԭģѾƽǧ򼶡
Ͻٹ֣ʮƷƷǾʮƷֱӽ𼶹
߲ʮƷƷһǧ߰ʮ򣻻عⷵյŰʮƷƷǧ߰ʮ
һܹѾﵽǧ򣬽ӽǧ
ڣֻһʮƷǮħ𾧿ĿȨһʮƷֵܼǧƷ
ʹ۳ۿ۵ĽۼѣҲһڣֱӽΪϽ𼶹Ҳ˳µˡ
Ӵ֮ѣ԰Żݽ㣬ǴĻ㡣
Ҳͨܳɹߵĵȼˣϵĺڽ𿨣Ȼ۵ŻݣΪûܡ
ˣҲʮˡ
ΪʹʣһǧƷǮܹ򵽵ĶֵҪϸһȽˡ
˻֣¸߼ִȥãöɫ봢Уۿʣµᡣ
¸߼ִ£ǱʼŵϽɫâҲ֪ڽнɫǸЩϹϾسһ£˳ִϷš
һʤѩһ֮£һ
һλż򵥣ȴʵŮ߽ǳʤѩ΢΢һЦһɲٻţ漴֡
һȺʹѸٽ룬ֽΪ˻Σϸ߹ɫ̺ܵƵ°ڷϼʵĹϹˮһװΡ
ֻ˲䣬ԭª䣬ͱøߵࡣ
ȥֻŮڲ࣬ٿˮ֮ϰڷŵľƿɢŵıɫƣЩԲͨˮСԣʤѩҲ۾
ǲûִǣȴû뵽ֻǸոսΪϽ𼶹ûзԸΪǸ˸õĴ
ȻΪѶãҲƲԷȻֱӽһͨᣬóݻϽ𼶰ᣬ˰᷿Сһ֮⣬ģѾ޶ˡ
Ƕķ֮룬˼֮δ˼
˸̾˲䣬Ҳɵٴθ̾һĲƴֻ֣ЩϹˮͶѰ˼ܵģȴṩϽ𼶹ǲͬ
ͬʱ˿ŮȻһͨŮһʣһ㲻ڸŵĶӣ档
֮ǰŮ˵ģרŷϽϹĶŮˣǧһʲô˶ܵġ
һԱȣ֮ǰŮѾ䲻һ룬ֱܿȻûжԱȾû˺
ֻվĿһķ羰˾ܶࡣ
Ȼʤѩǳɫ֮ˣҲҪԼΪһ¾ӣ˭ûиŮ뿪ҪҲΪԷɢϢ̫ˣ˼
ı仯ǵһħ𾧿Ȩɹ֮󣬵׶εᣬҲɵļȥ
Ʒ֣ļƷȻһμƷСһɵĻͷƺһʮƷǮߡ
߼ƷһƷеݣ𽻨ϴĵҩʣ޸ˣʣһʮƷǮߡ
ʮƷһμƷĶС˻һٰʮƷǮߡ
ʮƷһȱԼ֮ĵƷбСǱ˴һϹŶⷢ֡
ȻȱϾǵƷţѰƷƷоɱȣΪĵƷֻȱ˴󲿷ݡ
˹һˣ˺ϢȣձĵٶʮƷǮۡ
ʮ߼
ʮ˼
ĲϽУⳡᣬҲβѨ۷徳¾ΪĵҩΣ벽Ϊ򾳽ĵҩȴһδ
Щʧѵİ
Ȼĵ飬Ͻٹ֣߲عⷵյЩϡرҩȴҪġ
ҪģΪԼƷ
е㷳ƵʱһƷĳ֣Ȼǰһ
Ʒߵ֥һöǧϡÿĥãԴһоڵľ缰Ϊ
Ѩ²ܷʳȻܲסӴҩѪѨѨ۷ѣٿһ󾳽Ϊǰ벽Ͼ磬Ҳ΢Ϊ÷ãһС粻ڻ£ԷЧ
֥Ķѹ֮ǰһƷļۣһʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
ˡ
һ̣Ŀ˸˸ӿǿҵĻϲڱصõͷ


913 Ů
֥֥һ֣˵䴫ţû뵽гһգ׼
ϹŴ˵֥֮ݣ¾ǧԣ֮Σȡ
µΪеΪˣϵΪ
νޣĴơ
ʶֱַΪ֥֥Լ֥ࡣ
֥һΪ֮Σţ࣬򡢼Ȯ֡Ʒʸõģǵڶȵ֥ԻΣӵԡ
ƷߣΪ֮Σ֮ʱ˵壬ʹ棬ͨݣ˲ϢǧʮԲ
κһ֣Ǽϡٶģÿһֵ꣬ǡ
ʹ֥УҲǧ֡
γԭͬЩɫΪϣΪ֥֮壬һǧЩɫΪ࣬Ϊ޳֥֥Ϊ磬߶ԣ֥еƷ
⣬֥֮٣Ԫ֥ת˶׻֥֮֮ܳ壬ȵȡ
˿̣ǰģһöԼƴСͨ죬ɢϼ⣬γһͷ״֥
⣬ǰˣһСͻ𣬹ճһС״ҪƷ֥ǰࡣ
ϧ仹ûȫΣͱ˲׽Ȼǧ󣬴öֻ֥¾ҪγƷĳ֥ˡ
Ȼˣö֥ļֵҲǲԶģֱ˺Ϣһϡ
ʮ¥ʮһ¥ʮ¥ٹУЩ𼶣Ͻ𼶹Ҳв˫ĿȣϢ٣ƿĿ⡣
ʲô󣬳ӳתʣµģֻ±Ϊսȼˡ
ΪĶܽѨڵѨ۷֮䣬Ӳһؾ磻ǰ벽ϣҲвСֱһС硣
Ķ֮Ϊ˭˵
УȻĲ󣬵λߣΪҲͲȥ
ǣЩУȴּܳλĴڣǹʣˣպôѨڵ벽֮䣬֥ġ
Ҳעˣļ۸񣬱ؽһϡ۵ĳ̶ȡ
֪ˣҲܷ浽ɽˮĵز˭Ըһ׮ûԵ
ȻһʮƷǮ۵׼ۣܺҲһʮ˲֥̾ڲڴ󲿷˶ԣԲ֮ġ
ˣ컨ӡ±ٻ溬΢Ц˵֮Ȼ֪Цݳջͬħ˻ǲһȱۣƺһ֣֥Ͳǵˡ
һʮһ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
һʮ򣡡
̶̼Ϣ䣬ö֥Ľмۣηһʮ򣬶һͬٶȣ
һٰʮ򣡡
Ȼʮһ¥Ǹ֮ǰعⷵյĽ𼶹УλˮŮӵٴδֱʮɵúϢΪ֮һϡ
ݣʵҲ̫ٵۣ˲糱˸޷󼰵ۣʧᣬֻһļӡ
ڣֱӼӼʮ򣬵ͬʮƷǮ⻹ֻһμӼ۵ĽʵѪ
Ϊ˿ǹˮӵġĳۣҲֻлϲԼҪѪˡ
ǣǮԸ⺰پͺ٣ֽܲס˵ͣҲֻдݺѪ̣һٰʮϼӡ
ۿҪһپʮʱʮһ¥ǸУٴδλˮŮӵ򣡡

ž
š
һ̣УһֶŮ˹ĳ嶯ҺúþĲУʲôԾʽǰܲܺúˣˣ
ʮ¥ʮ˺ŹУȻ֥ڱصãȴûʱȥΪ֪٣Ҳֻƣȴ˥ֵ߰ġ
ˣùȵһʡ鷳
ǣλŮӵĳۣȴҲ΢һ΢΢Щü
ֹһˣö֥Ȥкܶ˺ͬ˼ö֥ڱصáһƴģֻǸ˵ĲƸˡ
жЩǡ
ϾϱǮ࣬ȴǾԵף˵¥ϾмλұߣҪʱѰˡ
ö֥ҲóϾԼһ֮ʣʵѲ࣬ʵûʱȥѰҵڶİ취
һֻܵ¿ǷҪʤѩ㣬һȥһƷȡƷǮ뾺ˡ
ȻǾҪѪĽˣ򲻵ѣô
£Ҳֻһһȿʲô۸ˡ

ʮһ¥ǼˮȹľŮڵĽ𼶹䡣
İŮӿˮȹŮӲϵǾۣ̲סЦЦܽΪѴﵽ߽װ벽ڣֻһ߽ܽװ벽ڣöȻʵӦòģһµʱ䣬Ϊ˼Ҫ
ûʲôҾ뿴Ǹ˻᲻پ۶ѣ
㡭
ŮˮŮӵ˼΢Ц
Ȼ֥ܶ˶ҪǺԣ֮ǰŮعⷵյʮ¥꣬ȻҲһλ벽ǿߡ
Ǯ㸻ԣ۾ҲϹֶԽǶᶢö֥Ϊʡʱ䡣
ˮŮӲϸö̧֥ۣȻԼģΪ˸鷳ѡ
ŮӼ״Ц֮ǰ˵Ƶᣬʵƭҵİɡɹõ鵤ǽɹãҲһЩˡСеõùˡ
ߡ
ˮŮһתͷŰŮӣɴ£ҶΪǼƷ˵ɶءʥŮͷܽɰ㲻壬ڴ˶£úÿⳡϷٵǼƷһϸ£
ˮŮӳ֮ΪʥŮİŮӹɴ΢ЦãҾ;λǧѵһľһҲ˭ݵĵһŮ
ڴ֮
ˮŮӵӦһ漴ٲ˳ɵ֮ϼһμۣԥٴֱӿڵһʮ򣡡


914 ĵ
ٶʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ÿΣԥгļ۸һʱˮŮӾͺԥֱӲ
˽мһʮһͽٶʮ򣻱˽ٶʮһͽʮ򣻱˽ʮһͽʮǺ˶
ⲻģ۷ͱˡ
һûг֣˷ŭˡ
ʮһ¥һ𼶹ͬľʮ˺ʮٺʮ˽źʮѭ
Σ˳ԲˣϢģ˳˾
ˣҲȫˮŮľ۷ʽѹúƢʹö֥ٿҲλˮŮӿˡ
һǲѵޣҲˮŮӵĳ۷ʽƺޣΣò˳
ʱļ۸񣬺ȻѾٶʮƷǮȫƷǮǾǧ򣬾Եһ֣һЩСҰܻ۵вƸ֮ܺ͡
ʹһЩңңҲԲľ۷
Ϊǻܻ۵ֵıǮԽ󣬿ҲԽճ֧Ҳһʮֲֿ֡
Ѱǧȫһ֥ڰͿգضϼԺķչö֥ҲһѨϵΪѡ
˶һ㾳һ㾳磬ԼӰ󣬵һͼ򳬼ԣѨϵĴڲ֪٣ʵڷΪһ˸˴Ĵۡ
ǸĳţҲһ
Ͷ붼ҪرģͶͻرɱǺʣĽǲͨ
󲿷˵˳ö֥ľԵϡϡ
ȻżˣĵˮŮӾһ£վܿܣû
ʱ̨ϣ޾ߣ컨ӡ±ٻѾڵ׼ⳡѹ֮ǰһƷˣ׼չѹỷˡ
ڴʱʮ¥ʮ˺ŹỺƮʮ򡣡
컨ӡ±ٻ΢΢һ֮ǰҲΪö֥ļ۸ѾޣӦòоˣŴֹ
ڻںۣΪߣȻּɡ
ˣѸٸЦ⣬ֹ˺Ķ΢Цس߿ڵʮ¥ʮ˺Źʮ򣬻ûиߵģ
ûзӦٴιľö֥ǰѵһߴƷߵȣǶԷãĳļ۸ġ
ᣬ˸ֱƷ߽׵֥Ҳǵһμһλûֻᣬɾ˵ˣҲδڣС
ʹһΣܲܰסȫԼһ룬ѨڵѨ۷һ󾳽磬ҲѨڷãȻѨڣѨڷãȻѨ۷壻Ѩ۷ãܽ벽硣
¾ǰ벽ˣҲвСļʣһС磬װ벽ڷãװ벽ڻڣװ벽ڷãװ벽۷нװ벽ڣнװ벽ڷˣвСֱһС磬ﵽнװ벽ڻڡ
Чı԰벽ЧһѵãҲٿһ𣿡
ʣ컨ӡ±ٻĻ˶˹ƻϧ˵ȷɬΪֵΪһö֥̫Ĳ
ΪЩˣǳļѹƷھͰвȫö֥֮ϣѹỷڣûʲôˡ
ˣӦȣҲһˣڼһμۡ
ˮŮӣܿٴΰѹֻȻ¡컨ӡ±ٻٶĹƻҲ޼¡
ˣֻʣˮŮ˾ۡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ¥ʮ˺Űڣ΢΢üͷ
ʵ֥Ȼ󣬵ҲӦ絽ˣŮӲ֪ΪΣȻϷѾ󳬳Ԥ㡣
ΪʱȣҲѰãԷˡ
׷ᣬʮһ¥Ǽ𼶹УˮŮҲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ȻˣĺҪٸѻ𣡡
˵꣬ٴκһμۣʮ򣡡ڳһ׵ļʽ
ԱߣŮӹָףȻԱһˮУˮŮӣܽɱԷŶ۸񣬿ɾЩˣټӣԷҪˣ񲻰ѡԼȥˣ
˵ԼȥʱԵЩůԲָԼǮԼ£һõĶ⡣
ˮŮӱѩȻ˼ǹЦһһԳļ޵ġ
У¶һǿţȻɫᶨ˿ҲҵԼ·϶һһ㡣
ʮ¥ᣬüͷٴκݺһ塣
Ůӣƺȥһ㣬ѵΪ֮ǰعⷵյҲΪС£Լȥɡ
Ȼһλ˵ΨСŮҲۣ޿κΰ
ʤѩתͷЦԷ㾺ˣյĵ׼Ҫ֧Ԯһ
תͷİɣٹҾѰ
˵ҡҡͷʱҪİ򣬻Ѳסҡֻ뿴Էĵ߶ѡ
˵ԥֱ۵ٰʮ򣡡
Ȼ׼һĺȥˣֱ۶ʮ򣬽ԷİĹؿϱƣǲǻȥ
ᣬͷ
ᣬ໨һʮ£Ҳֵ
ˮŮӣҲûйپʮۣڶ
İ򣡡
üͷݺһ£һֻ֡ò£׼ˡ
İƷǮܼѾﵽһƷպһԲֻ֣һʹﵽϽ𼶹ż
⻹òԸ߼ȥչƷţ֥Ȼ벽Ͼĵҩ϶Щġ
ټһǣֻҪϳ۸ҳһ
ЩûᾺգʹ߼ۣҲ۳֡
ȻҾ֪۸ǲĵġ
ʮһ¥УˮŮЦһİۺƺе⣬ȻټӼۣʹֹˡ
һĻУȴ
һΣ˲Թǵı׷״
ʵΪһŮѹôãô˱ԷѹһƢûУжЩŭġ
սʤȻԿѪĴսʤֲԼԿʲôֻҪˮŮ¾ͺá
һ룬УһƬ֮
ˮŮӲٿۣ컨ӡ±ٻҲ֪ȷѾԶԶӦĳļޣҲģҲͲن£ֱ䴸֥İһΣڶΣΣϲʮ¥ʮ˺Źɽ
һ޷ڵĿܡ
ʮ¥ʮ˺ŹУҲɺݺݵһȻİЩ˷ѣԣȴֵõġ
ΪԣʱǻᣬΪ˶ึһЩǮߴаڵҲûʲôÿϧġ
һĻҵľģҲ˶Щ컨ӡ±ٻƺҲ֪˵ľЩƣݳһʱ䡣
ԾбǮˣֶԽѹڴˣɳô˻ᣬϽһ̨ǰȥһһЩǮѺһԻȡӦıǮӦԽľ
һʱ֮ѹʽʼ
ѹƷĳİƷҲһƷۣļѹƷԶ
ʹܼһڣҲԶˡ
жЩ٣ԭΪԼǮ׹ܹˣòٴץʱ䣬ȥһһƷоԼϵıǮ÷ӯЩġ
һʱܿȥڣƹ컨ӡ±ٻٴ̨һ̨͵ؿڵлҵ֧񰮣ᣬѹᣬʽʼһƷ
Ļ̨֮ϣˮת
͸֮Уšžǡһ죬һöкȻֳһöƺ۴Сһɫĵҩ˵ǰ
ҩ֮Уƺӳһ£֮ԣ˿˿ƵĽɫ棬ԵüأȻ
ǣ
öҩһ˲䣬Уһ˲վ
ͻƷʵĴ˵鵤ĵ
ʲô
ֲķˣһ˲ϯ
ʮ¥ʮһ¥ʮ¥ٹУ𾪶ֿϲĵ˵鵤֮ףѨʿõı
һЩ˽ĵˣΧ˵һѯ漴Ҳɵ𾪵۾û뵽ƽûлĶ鵤ȻĻǰ֡
ʮ¥ʮ˺ŹУʤѩҲɺȻֱ۾¶һ˿ı顣
ȻˣҲû뵽ⳡᣬᣬȻѰһĵ⻹֮顣
ʤѩ飬ʱһ֮⣬һǿҵ


915 ӿ
ʮһ¥ˮŮڵĽ𼶹УҲԳһ
漴һ˲ųԳЦһ½ȻҲĶ鵤֣λأ
˵꣬ŮӡʥŮɴԱߵŮӣܽǲܿҩͻκξģö鵤ͲҪСþ˰ɣ
Ǻǡ
ŮӡɹáܽؿһǰŮӣ˵ûһö鵤ʹĳֻҲô׵ɣϾһܿδеڶء
ŮӡʥŮɴ΢΢üˣܽҪʲôֱ˵ɣ֪ҾͻƷѾԶˣͲҪν̽ˡȻʥҲԼĶ鵤һ鵤Ͷһݰգҿǲ׷ģֻҪݣ㾡ܿڡ
ŮӡɹáܽԣչЦܺãȻˣҷҲףҲңֻҪһʥʥˮҾˡ
Ůӹɴԣʱһ䣬ЩȻʥˮ㻹Ǹ˵
漴뵽ʲôйãʥˮʥˮֻһΣ´Ҳûлˡʥɵúúñܣˡ
˵ֻ֣꣬޹ǵ˰С֮ϣŵתһεɫľӨˮ飬֣װһӨСƿУݸŮӣŮӣֺȻһ֣ü˵㻰
Ȼ
ŮӿŮеǸӨСƿ۾Ҳ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫԥص
ŮŽӨСƿݸлһ˿ʹ֮ɫ
ȻʥˮҲǼģΪʥĶˣҲûлôݵλһҲܵõζѡ
ڷһγȥȻЩᡣ
ŮӽӹӨСƿסС봢УһЦչյܽ˵㻰ΥԼġ
˵ٺһЦ㱻˰;غĲɹɲܹȻţûҵĲ룬һ½Ĳö鵤ûκġ
ϣˡ
ŮӹɴҲ֪ö鵤Ȼ½ڶ־ڷĳǿᣬԵĵطԶʤ½ĵ׻΢΢Щ԰ģȱǮĲ¡
ΨһǣԱλͬطġɹáܽᣬڶԷ˵ö˵鵤İվʹˡ

컨ӡ±ٻȻҲ֪öҩ˵ĳжûмſʼģ˹ͺͿǵʱ䡣
ʵĪ˵ˣԼĵͬ𾪺ͿϧҲ֪ƾݺͲöĵѣȻҲ롣
һûȻĵһ˿СС֪˿̫΢Сֵ׷ŷˡ
ˣε֪ϣȻһĵһһʱķ֮󣬺ܿ˳š
˶ڿ˼Ŷ鵤ĿܣԼΪҪĴۣ˼ת
ĵ
Ϲ񵤣컯֮⣬һܶ԰벽ͻƷӵĪĵҩŵĲ֮ܡ
֪µһţҪƳһöĵҪټĴۡ
ʹȫ֮ÿʮ꣬Ҳһ
ֵҩֹҪԼź󱲣ߴţͬҪ󹺣ضۣŹֻӵսԱһϣߴţֶԸš
ʱֻ¶סˡ
ԣڲŴЭ飬ڹϣ֧ۣŸƣÿ깩һƽűƽȵľ档
ֵҩҲҪߴţʶһĶûУҪ˵ҩǼܵ飬ǹʱζû뵽
⻹ǵһΣĵĵһΡ
ͻƷĶ鵤ĵȻڴ½ǰƽʱлõֶҩˣܲ
ȻΪôΪֶͨΣȥŪĵֻҪ֪ʵģǻʵĵֵ˲ϧһдȥȡ
ʹ֪ͻƷĸʲǰٷ֮٣ҲͶһɵļʣˣֻҪһ룬Լп֮꣬һļʳ½ϵķ˷
֮ǰЩ߲عⷵյ֥ȶͬ
߲Ǿعⷵյ֥硭
ûһĵΪͨ½ϾԿס
˵ЩңңԸ⻨ȫ֮֮ȥ߲عⷵյ֥ҩΪͻƷҩһԸ⡣
Ϊһ壬һ̫Ҫˡ
֮ǰٴٲңֻҪһܳһһжǳɱٱǧĻ
Ϊǧ壬˴ƥȻ಻Ρ
컯ҩѰĵΨһȻʲߣȴܱûκϣǿϰٱǧ򱶡
սϣϯӣϣµľţֿնɡڤŵðʹһĵΪֲ
֮⣬û˵˭ܵõ˴ʹ鵤ֻгΪ̳ˣҪ֮ʱлõ
Դ˵ļֵ˵ΨһҪ˼ģҪĴۣܲóЩۣȥȡöĵ
̨ϣ컨ӡ±ٻѾлظ٣Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ץס˻˼𶯵˲䣬һѹƷ˵ҩ֮һĵľĿʼ
ļۣƷǮÿμӼۣõʮ
ƷǮļۣÿμӼ۲ʮ򣬺ʣһƽʱ𺶣Ӷȴ֡
һ̣ȴ赲ס˿Ϊ顣
ʮ򣡡
УһˣȻǰŵͭվ𣬳˱˱ȭԭϻԭңϣһ棬˳ԭм
Ȼ˻һһƬɵϺԲеĿ⣬ûֱٴο۵ʮ򣬺Ǻǣԭʲô˵ңҪˣ
ң
˲мЦ˵İʾֱӿڽ۸ѹƾЩСС壬Ҳóѹˡĵǰǰ˴ⶼûãǸƾ°ɣ
˵꣬۵ٰʮ򣡡
򣡡
ʮ¥һؿԼļ۸ѾеıǮעһò£Ҳûжˡ


916 Ͻ˫
ļ۸ҲͻƷʵĵҩڳΣñ˴һЦ֮
벽һСؾƷߵ֥ĳİۣȻеۣ˹
ʣĵļ۸񣬱ֻ֥߲ܸ֮ͣ߳ܶࡣ
ʮһ¥һƴֵĽ𼶹ԥʮۣƿ˴¶һŰ̺ܲӣ˸оɷ
ǡħ±䣬ã˽׸߽װ벽ѾãȻҲⳡϣ˴ĵ鷳ˡ
ħ±䣬ݺ½һǿˣɢ֮еľ߽װ벽ھ磬һ־鵶뻯ʹһЩ֣Ǵ˵Ķ֡
˵͸˵֮ģһϹؾȣһμƷġɷѪħʵǣбǸ߽װ벽۷壬δǴ˶֡
Ҫǣɱأ˵һСɽ壬Ϊһͯڲѷ˵һ䡰лӣɱȫ壬һɥĲǧ˲Ұ½
а˴ŵĶڸеŭȥۣ˵ʬڴڹ֮ϣܾ紵ɹ裬ֱ֮󣬲˷֣ܵǸڵű
Ŵŭɳɶⳤϴ׷ɱɱһ׷ɱ֪֮٣ʧ˽ʮ֮ãû뵽Ȼٴγ֡
а񣬿ϵĶã˸ҵߣºɱ֮죬ض䱦
ҲǵһЩСϣֻҪд˿ϵĶû˸Ҹ۵ԭ
ЩᣬͼһЩҪҲǸŭԣΪ᲻ҸΧɱᣬϴһգ߲Ҳɱǵĸĸ޶ҲŹɥĲ֮
˴οĵǵ̷ƻû߳ǣ͵⵽˵ɱĵҲ϶ס
һЩĵС岻˲䵨ľЩ
˳Щʣ˳ȴֲĿŵλħ
¡ħ±䣬ȴ˶ᡣ
ֻʮһ¥ˮŮڵĹᣬ֮ͬǰŮӵԵͳγֵһ͸ֻڣʮ򣡡
֮УƵ޵ħ±ĵģҲƶԼڱʮۺں
·ǾͲʮƷǮʮͨͭѡ
ܺá
һԣԶǼ䳨Ĺ䣬ħ±ǱѪˮŮڵİ飬ɭɭصһ䣬ֳ˫ɷüһ£ȴپˡ
Ȼ˶óеķŭʹ㣬ھ棬ˮŮڵİ֮ߴ˵سǵ·Ͼߡ
ϧĵʵ̫ƽȻ˵һ㣬ʱͻƷĻǰ¸ƺܶҲŬһġ
һ˿ڣȻǳʮ¥һϽ𼶹ᣬһϵٰʮ򣡡
İ򣡡
ʮ¥һϽ𼶹Уһ߿Եȿȣѵ֣ҲһţҾˣù˼ݡ
ƽѵһϽ𼶹λҶھĴĵͨ˸һ˲õԤС
ϸоǳЩϤҪݵλ֮ߣ־Կʾ˵Ȼɫһ䣬뵽һ֡
ǡಡ˾ͽ
ಡ
֮ͷλ
λÿһλĪǴʹ޵磬Ҳӵм
ĸףϾ֮һϧţλүҲȺ棬ֻλѡ
ಡ˾ͽ֮һ
Ѫಡ˾ͽǵλү
УѪھУಡ˾ͽȴಡѲ볯þӾʦٳû뵽˴ξȻᾪʮ¥һϽ𼶹С
ȻһĹǡಡ˾ͽһأǰڵǸĪǣ
Ȼһ𣬼ֱеţһֻС
ǡѪĪҲӾиϵˣ
һ룬ʥʵİٵ٣ʹ;Ͷ٣أѪھУҲǲˡ
ֻû뵽Ķ֮ʱȻûоκˣһȻⳡѡ
ʮ¥أǷҲȻ˿ˣֻ֮ǰһֱûгԲŲ˲
䣬ʳϽ𼶹䣬ָЩʲô
һʱ䣬˼ҵˣЩףգĵ䲻ˡ
˶ЩǿĪƩ硰ಡ˾ͽս°ˣãΪȴǻʵнװ벽۷塣
ĵöĵ˵ܸһ׷һȥӳꡣ
ȻԵֿջ󣬱ῴʲô֮ֻ»᲻ϧһд۵˾
ѪѪʢУʳΨһܸ˾쿹һ
ǵõ˵ͻƷƾټϾȨֻϻ꣬ٳ±ʳ߾
һˣƥǧʹǲٷ
öĵͬء
ټϻڰЩ֮ǰۺȻ֮ԭңңһٲҿڡ


917 ʤѩĺ
˻ڲ²⣬ʮ¥УǰڵǸӣȻٴδԭ˾үҲˣһᣬҲнʮû˰ɣԴϾȥǣصԽˡ
һУǸԵԣٴŵˣˣżתתû뵽æѪҲڴˡһᣬһᣡ
ǡ
ѪЦһ漴ֲ޿ϧصϻ֪꣬ΪδͻȻͬʱ߾ĳеѹҪöĵһ棬Ȼǿø˾ү˵ͻƷһͺء
ߣϻ裬ĲԭһսûаǴʹѽʥһʹǰףأһȴǺõҲʥնǵǼʹô
ˣ˾үģĳһգϽһһԭ
Ҳǡ
ಡ˾ͽϵٴ𣺡үǹ֮ʯʮ̫ƽϾߺĿյѵá࣬һͬ飬ȴѲ齣֮꣬˸̾
˵ɫãǲءһ˵Ϊ˹Ҵ£෴Ӧүǡֻ˵ˣЩ̰뾡һ꣬Ҿȫƾʵ˵Σ
á
ѪĹУһ죬漴˵˳Ĭ
ˣȴѷڡ
ǹȻûв´ˣȻ˫һǡѪһǡಡ˾ͽ
ѪһһУ˸оѪ֮磬¹ϣʮ㡣
ಡ˾ͽҲ̴棬ǰػ棬֮£Ц̸˵˵Լ̰಻Ե˱һֶصѺζۡ
Լ롰ѪĵҲԵûмҹ壬˵ˡ
֮ˣзɣͷλȻûͨ
ִġѪңಡǽǽһλүϾо֮磬˳֮Ϊ彫ǧڴĲ԰ǧ۳磬ȥ٣ԡ
ܵǵķɣУһЩ˺Ȼ˵
Ϊ˽棬ڴ֮ʱһˣȴ˼ҹ𢣬ԲΪŬ
ʲôݣĵϾֻһöģǵ
ûĵҲһ£дһöĵҲδǸ
ͺ͡ѪͻƷȻϻ꣬ھУʥʣ˯ðô
ʱʲô䣬˵׼ˡ
ȻеˣһУ֮У⸣֮˲Ϊǵݣͷǵľ
شУһߣȻԼ˵ô̹Ȼ˸ûɷ
ǣ֮սٴδ졣
һΣȻʮһ¥ˮŮӹд͸ˮȴֺݺ
İһʮ򣡡
ʱ۸Ѿ֥ʱɽ۸ˣģʽ⻹ոտʼ
ȻһΣʤѩĶˮŮӰдڶοۣİʮ򣡡
һͼӼʮڱص֮ģ𾪡
ᣬȺ飬ݣϽٹ֣߲عⷵյƷߵ֥ȣö˵鵤ĵ
˲ɷ׷ССһУʲôˣȻ˵˲Ƹ
⾺ĵвƸȫһЩСţҵܺˣģԻԶûɽˮĵزӡ
ʤѩھģĵͬĶһµȻĬûٿں۵Ĵˡ
һĵɣɻҪʺãʲĿһɶƫƫȷԼǸʲˡ
ȻʤѩҪȻ֮һߣϸ飬Щʴĸܡ
ʤѩһ·иɣһ£Լ컯ͻƷļѾܴ󣬶ȻΪҵĹӣȴʲôҲûУԶԼСöࡣ
ǹԼõĵʤѩõȴѩ̿˭ԸҪԿ֪
ȻҪǣʹԭͻƷľ鵤ǰҲѱֲĶϾһɻһɡ
ԭȴǣΪ֣ʣƷǮѾˡ
Ȼм򣬿ͦ࣬ףֶ鵤ɲСѨִ˵鵤ɱȣĳļ۸һ˽Բۡ
ԣпܣϵбǮģˣøʤѩȱֵ֮飬ҲԼ׵Ļᡣ
û£Ҳмʽ׷£ʤѩҲɵĻѣԼ֮ǰ
뵽ͳĬʤѩ˾ۣƵ


918 ˮ
İʮ򣡡
İʮ򣡡
İٰʮ򣡡
Ѫಡ˾ͽʮһ¥ŮӰڵİŮӹɴ׷׳ۣʤѩη壬ȻǵĻϼ϶ʮ򣬺ۡ
һʮ򣡡
ٶʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
Ѫಡ˾ͽΪ裬Ҳʮʮļӡ
һʮȴǰŮӡʥŮɴġ
֪ȥ뾺ʮ¥ʮ˺ŰλˣȻʣҲʼѧʤѩһļӼۣǲܼӹʤѩ
˵ּӼ۷ʽȫɳĬ
ʹܶ˶ϣõĵҲҪǲǸ¡ں۵ˣԶڱص֮ģǼӼ۵ķʽ
򣡡
ʤѩȻڣûһ˿仯·𺰳ĲƷǮһ޹ʹ֡
һĻٴ𺳵Ըӣʹͬʮ˺ŰеҲɵһ
ûһǧʤѩʮʮƷǮӳȥȴƽһνܲе𺳡
ԣҲʾʤѩľġ
öĵĵٱǮֻҪУһὫ£ϧ
֪ŽǧƷǮ˾޶ĲƸඥҵܺͣǱҲԸ㾡һһ֮ûжٻᡣ
Ծɲöĵյ㣬ԣȻԸ
СѺǣöĵԱҲҪ޷ãֻܱǸˡѪ漴ԥ۵һʮ򣡡
ಡ˾ͽҲ漴ϣٶʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ʮһ¥ˮŮڵĹУŮӹɴҧгݵغ֣Щ׸ղˮŮӾĻعⷵյʱϲƵαˡ
ѹֺ֥ˮŮҪ°ӣʵ־ķʽû²˵п϶һʹˣҲܰɡ
ۣʤѩıɲ䣬ǹ߳ĳ۷ʽȻӼʮֱӽ߰ľۡ
һΣУ˺ܾá
ǱöĵڱصõġѪಡ˾ͽˣҲЩԲˡ
һʱֹʮ¥ǼϽ𼶹УѪ֮ȻӢ۳꣬䣬챾ĸԸԱ˼ǱһμӼۣΣټӡ
˵֣꣬غ߰һʮ򣡡
Ȼ۸񣬼ʹҲǰ۵ġ
ಡ˾ͽҲĬ˺ܾãٴοڣȻˣˣ޶࣬Ҳٿˡ
һ⣬ܲܲսˣұҲһμ۰ɣ߰ʮ򣬲ٶˡ
˵꣬Ҳ漴ȥȻһμӼʮ򣬲ܲ£ѾһĽɹȻԹ
˵˳Ǽž
˶ʮһ¥ˮŮڵĹᣬԼŲƵʮ¥ʮ˺Ź䣬뿴ǺηӦ
߰ʮ򣡡
ûʧʹĵѪŮӹɴǲҧҧ֡
Ҳټʮʮļˡ
֮ǰĺղžӦú۰˰ģڣλأʥŮҲֻڡಡ˾ͽ󺰼ϣССļһʮ
ʮöĵ۵С֣޷ֻ޲һһļӡ
ǣʤѩڶ˰򣡡
ûκαƽ÷·һ̶ˮıۣſ񣬰ˣһֺУ·𿴲ס
һ̣ʮһ¥ˮŮӵĹУŮӹɴҲɲһɱ˵ĳ嶯ǶɵıܣֻѾԼʧ̬ˡ
Ϣ˼գһԼҲе𾪵֣Ű򣡡
ˣ
ԱߵˮŮӣŮӵһʧ̬̲סЦɴãɱ˵ĿŶȻԸǼƷ˳ҵľֻΪöĵҲ㣬ĳֵһأ
š
Ůӹɴɫ£漴ŮܽһЦлѣģСγţ㹻̲Ųᱻ½һСطļССԱȥģҵҪܼӶã
Ǻǣ𣿡
ŮܽŴԣ΢΢һЦûٶ˵ʲôҲٿڣ֮֮ˡ
£ȻΪŮӹɴĺۣһɧ˷Ρ
һԼӼһƷǮŰƷܼѾƷβСӴƲ
ʮ¥Ͻ𼶹УѪಡ˾ͽ֣Ҳǲһ漴̾һϨ˼
ǣʮ¥ʮ˺ŹУȴ촫ȻûбŮŵ
ʤѩļ۸ٴȻһ漴ƺһ쫷磬֮չ
ΪʤѩĺȻǡһǧ򣡡
þõļž֮Ҳû˿ڣһоʹ˳䶨
컨ӡ±ٻ飬Ҳûһòֱ䴸ȷʤѩɹһǧƷǮö亱Ĵ˵鵤ĵ
ʮһ¥ˮŮڵĹУŮɫ
ڳʧܵɫƽ˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
һΣˮŮӣҲûٿڳΪҲû뵽ǸطǣȻҲгһգһϣڱϳԱ
ԳĵһΣܲ˼̣
ˣȡĵ¸УȻʮ¥ʮ˺Űеʤѩȥ
ڼžдʱֺڻˣſ컨ӡ±ٻ̧֣˵ڶѹƷĿġ
Ʒˮ֣


919 Ƭ
Ʒˮ֣
컨ӡ±ٻ˱̧ͷȥȻ̨֮ϣǸˮ̨͸Уһֻĵɫ֡
ɫĽ֮ϣžĻƣһʮֲϸȥĿƺҪУ󺣵ĸо
ƷͲҲûʲôˡ
컨ӡ±ٻĽ֮˲ˣǰһλˮϵǿʹõĶˡ
ˮϵϵˣд֣ܷ
ˮ֣ļҲǾˣһʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ
żдμƷۣƷ֮٣Ͼ½ҲͶʮ
ЩƷ౻ҴŻʳգÿһ۶һˣսԵĴڣǲóȥ۵ġ
ɴ˿ɼܼһμƷжѵá
һƷһ벽ĸ֣˲ս
ǹʣ컨ӡ±ٻĿʼһٴηڣղΪĵ䳡ľ棬ٴδơ
ʮ¥ʮ˺ŰС
ȻҲˮֵľģ״ȤǼƷҲһҲûᡣ
ʱյŮĵʤѩϲףϲ鵤мʽΪһʦ
ԴˣʤѩԣҲֻЦЦд򿪣ȷˡĵα漴ͽ˴Уͷ
˵꣬˶٣ֵһĵҲֻмСʽɹġ֮·ضԶмһҲסҲ󣬻ֵȽ˾Ҳ˵һ
˵꣬ɫȻ⣬Ҳ֪Щʲô
ʤѩӣЦЦҲû˵ʲô
ȴǰϣĵıǮѾԼеļޡ
֮ǰӵгǧƷǮȫƷҲһǧİٶ
һϵеľıۣǧƷǮѸˮعⷵյڶ׶νѾֻʣһǧһʮƷˡ
󣬵׶οʼȺħ𾧿Ȩһʮ򣬽𿨰ۣ֧һʮߵ
Ʒߵ֥ɽİƷ
ʱѾΪϽ𿨣ᾺĵƷһ԰֧֧ƷǮΪٶʮƷ
ڣʣıǮѲһǧֻ߰ͷˡ
Ͻ𼶹Ķ԰ۼ㣬Ҳ൱ڰ˰ٰʮңǲ㾺һöĵġ
ԣҲа𺳡
ĵȻֻһɵļʣȴȻĳһǧƷǮֱۣԼʣµбǮһ˵ġ
ͬҲʶܶѨ۷߰벽һûκһ˿׷ϣǶȻ֪һܽ鵤ҩֻ˲䶼Ҫ񣬲ϧҲҪõ֣ǶҲϧ
˶ͻƷӵſµĿִԼûлõ컯֮ǰҲЩͬˡ
ˣףӵ컯Ϣй©ȥ롣
һĵҲһɵɵļʣ˷񣻶컯أǿзǳļʣֱӽ׷
ĵСļʣͷǵ֪Ʒʸãʸߵġ컯ֵȥġ
ǹʣ֮ţõ˵˿ԥʱ䣬̷硣
ȻУǻǸ˵գʧ
⣬Բݼġ
⣬Ŀ⣬¥
Ѫಡ˾ͽ
䡣
֮ǰûϵڴܼԼͬʱԼĸڣȫʱ£ݵҲֻʣˡ
Ѫر߽ಡͿ๦ߣ㶼ϵ֮ˡлᣬǲһǡ
аΪǵĿУٴ׵֣һʱȻΡ
ʱԼ׵ӰԼʱţȴĵٷˣѣͻȻͷ

¥£ƷˮֵľĻڼˣ˭ԸȻ졣
һΣʤѩҲδƺ̫ͬϲ״ı
գ˱ʮһ¥һŽ𼶹ߣɽۣȻҲûʧߴʮ
Ȼĵһǧ򣬵Ҳ㹻ˡ
ĵǳҩ˵Ȼ˼ƷʵҪл磬һƷҲͲʲôˡ
һûмƷķǿߣֵԶƷİ벽ġ
ǹʣۼֵƷȷĵĵ˶ڱصãĳ˻Ǽʮһļӣʶļޣĸ߼ۡ
ˣһƷֻĳĵҵļ۸ҲͲ˾ˡ
ŵڶѹƷĳ䶨漴ѹƷҲ̨
ϹűƬһ顣
ļۣһٰʮƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
̨ϵģȻһСĴָƺư׵ƬǴʲô֮ѿġ
ǣСһСƬղżƷˮָ˵ĸо˵ԨƺһСڰƬ˵ĸоȴǷѵ
·ֻǶһۣüĶ֮оʹеԳܵĸо
컨ӡ±ٻ˸ޱȣȫû뵽ϣֹ˴˵鵤ĵּƷڣи󣬸ıƬ֡
Ϲű½еı֮УҲڶһ˵һλǿһսײͬʱѣʧ٣ֻʣһЩƬ˼䡣
ڣóĵһС飬һƬҺȻ̺ĵǿ֮вλ


920 ϼ
Ժʣһ˲䶯
˼ƿԼĿ⣬һĿתǿССıƬ۾޲óȥһ˿һƣһһƣ
ԵĶϿڣ޲оʮҹпʲôͬѰĶ
ʵΪ̫
ȻƬȲıôܾ죬һ鱦ƬҲδؼһƷܴʵ
ЩƬУƷϣȴǿ϶ûеġ
磬һöһ涼ԿͨġģܹͨأɽХѣӵв˼ܡ
Ʒȴûڡķ룬޷ģغӦɽ
ͺͷҪ֮ѨȴȻֻǼԦԼսѣߵĲΣһ죬һأȫͬ
ʱЩ˾ܴӱƬϣ͸֮أЩˣ̱ƬĶԣܽ䷢ӳƷӲԴȻ䱦
Ȼʵڷ򲻳İֻһƳɱģÿһ޲ϡģֻǱƬ۽µĲϣͼֵ顣
Ȼôڱǻᱻܼеġ
Ƭͬã껹飬Դ⣬ֻˡ
Դû⣬ӵȻҲû⣬ҲĶ
ϧȻӵеģ£עӣڰԼͻƷѰıƬΪá
ԣöƬûпھģʤѩҲûпھģƺĵĵ㣬۸һ·ٰ߰ʮƷǮߡ
ļѹƷ̨
ᣬ׶Σÿ׶ΣһС׶εѹỷڡһڶ׶εѹỷڣѹƷһ׶ΣѹỷڣȴѹƷ
ԣǵڶѹƷ
Ʒ½ϼļۣƷǮÿμӼۣõһ򣡡
̨ˮ̨͸еģȻһɢ߲ϼ⣬ȭͷͷ⣬ײƽ׶
֮ϣһȻ·ʽ֮ɫƬȻƺһģ
ͷβ̬Ҳơ
ǲϼֵƷģܹƳɳƷģĳ֣Ȼ˲˵ķ
˵ƬֻһС鱦ƬȻãϾޡ
ƷĲϼֵͽȻһˡ
ϼΪƷģмļʣƳһıƷƳɵֻƷƷֵҲԶһ鱦Ƭࡣ
ȻҲ˵˭ƷľһƳƩе컯ҲƷʱȴûа취ƳɱһҪ䣬ɹļʡ
ΪƱһȱ٣ʦĹףҲռ൱ıأʦˮƽ¾ǸһƷģƷģҲƵóϵûС
ˮƽˣȻȻƱУѴۣʦԳ֣ɹҲǰٷ֮ٵģпʧܡ
һʧܣϼȫ٣иԭĿܣʣһСݣҲˣƱĲףҲ䱦ôϡٵҪԭ
ȻƷȻϡ٣ǧܷô飬ΪʦӵģҲ޷ҵȥơ
ҵʦȥƣʧܵļҲǼġ
ԣǧ乲ıȻֻаڵڱЩϹģǧȴµı
ǱĲ׵á
ˣӵһƷģҲ˵룬ܳɹƳһƷֵҲ޿ɹġ
ϾƷƵļƷһ԰ʹߵҪƣܸõķϾϲһƴУƷƳɵļƷֵԶͨƷģǲࡣ
Դһֹȫ䶯ʮ¥ʮ˺ŰУʤѩҲɫ죬ΪĶ
ȻҲû뵽ٽβȻŪһƷĵƷ
ԵɺϣõһƷģǼ䲻ףԼǰ˴֮ѰʦƳԼı
ԣǿɹʵ񣬾ΪţгһջöԼר
ʤѩҲһƷƳɵİƷܽаƷֻܽгΣǾ̥
̥ǳµһʦ첻꣬ûƳɹȻµı֮һ
ڣֻһ齣̥ʤѩ±ѰΪԼרˣҲ˶ݣе𺳡
ԣȻƷĵ󣬲ɴΪĶ
һƷãҲұ֤ٷְٵĳɹʣѰһ飬ںϣƳһǿı
ٲãҲɳɹʣϾƱϣܱһ
ʮһ¥ˮŮڵİУϼĳ֣ˮŮӡɹáܽŮӡʥŮɴͬʱȻ۾һȻֱ
˶һۣͬʱͷˡ
ȻǳȴģʣƷ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôôõϼõ֮кôʣǴеĿġ
˲䣬뵽ʱ˿̣ѳɸľָ֣һתͷȥһɵζм䱬
ξ𶯣ļѹƷľģҲڿʼ


921 ˮԴϣ
һ򣡡
ٶʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
ٰʮ򣡡
ϼļ۸ԷɿٶȳܿٶԲɶֹٶȳ
ʤѩҲԺ˼μۡ
ԣѾӵһƷģֵȼƷûӶࡣһΣǵıۣҲûãã˺֮С
ʵΪƷĵļֵ̫ˣܶһûлοпƳƷֵôóѹ׵ıȥ
һƷƳһΪκһ֮ڵİ˴ţҲȱֵȼıõ֪֮
Ȼ˴Ųûбȥѹħвᶯеޡ
ǹʣϼȻ˵ľвһЩŵĵӺͳϣΪǡʥף٣ʷᣬû뵽˶ƷȻ̲ס˾
Լã׻ؼţҲһʹѫһԾܳΪŵĺҲʲôܵ顣
ô棬۵ıֻۣĸ
һʮ¥δϽ𼶹ʮһ¥ǸˮŮڵİᣬȻͬʱǻƺ̧ΪС
һĻʵ˿þȵţΪʲô
ʱҲ׹ԭʮһ¥ˮŮڵİУֹһˣڡѹָղĻعⷵյʱһʤѩĵʱһ
һ룬У֥뾺ݵҲͬ˲ɻȻ
ԭᣬλ˾ģѹôĵͲƸһҲޣˣҲͲˡ
۸İٶʱٶ΢˥ֻ˥ҪĵԱǼˡ
ʤѩˮŮӣŮӣʮ¥Ͻ𼶹ˡ
򣡡
۸̧ʱʮ¥ʮ˺ŹУһ̾ˡ
ף⻹ޣһƷĳʮۣһƬҲĳ߰ٶһҲһƷרƷĲϼȻҲܵ͵ȥ
лһƷǼֵ͸ˡ
Ȼֻ˵лᣬϾ½ϣʦѲ档
ƱҲǹһƷľͿԣҪĸƷϣԼ붯ʦƵȣҪķѲСԴ
ЩҲǳɱ
ǹʣƷģܵڱļֵȻϼóᣬԼ˽ضˣҸ֪
ʮ򣡡
ˮŮӺʱŮӵĺۺԥĽٰʮͣȻϼڱصãҲ֪Ϊ˿Ʒ
ƷȻ󣬵ҲֻмƷûʦԼзһӣҲֻһ϶ѡ
ȻƷĵ޼֮תΪʵʵսҲֻһϡ
ǹʣˣЩԥģ֮˲ϧ۵ľģֻǿǰȴΪһ֪ƳɱʲƷȥķԼ̫ıǮ
ǣȷԼнƳɱȻᾺ˵͡
ֻ½ϣûʦţ
˲ֻ֪пϷķݡ
ʱʤѩҲ̾һ˳ⳡ
ƷˮҲĳʮ򣬶ǻǳƷƷϼ˵ƳһƷƷ϶ҲҪȥƣԼƹУҪķһЩϵġ
ЩķѣҲһС֡
ˣ۸񳬹ʵܼѾԶԶһƷļֵˣȻǳƳɱΪȥҲͲʲôˡ
ѾӵһƷģһǱϹŵһʦ粮ƳɳεƷģδĲϣƳɳƷı
ǹʣֻҪԼеģȥѰ߽ײϸɣȴȥѰƷģȡĻᡣ
ῼ£߾Ͳֵˡ
ϾջһǧĵʹңҲһȥ˼һ룬ȻΪĵ϶ֵãôƷǮ˵ʹǼٵġ
Ҫǣĵܰܰٱ֤һܽʧܣȻҪԤһݱǮԱѰƿƷ
ȻԺδ˿׬ǮĻᣬߴаѾ𣬶ʱڣҲ⼸аȥˡ
ʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
۸ʮʱѾԶԶһƷӦеļֵϾֻһδĲϡ
ʮ¥صϽ𼶹Ҳҡҡͷᡣ
ֻʣʮһ¥ˮŮӰУԼľ
߰򣡡
ˮŮӡɹáܽص漴ֿԱ߶ţ治õİŮӡʥŮɴɴҪһֱȥôȥ˭ĵǴĳѪɲһ¡αһҪﶷأ
ŮӵѵԸԶôǣСǸм
˵꣬ɫڱ۵߰ٶʮ򣡡
ˮŮܽƿԡ
ȻԸ֮ᣬ֪Ʒĵĳ֣뽫侺ĵ֡
ΪԼڵһλӽʦĴڣвСļʣƷģƳҪı
ͨһʦ˵ľҪ󣬽ƳͣһѪʹԼϢͨӦ
˲޷õõġ
ֱ󣬵ȻΣҲСһ٣Ҳ֮ˣ˵бס
һһƳһöٶ࣬ͳԲˡ
ԣ˼ΪʥŮֻҲûᣬ붯λ׼ʦ֣ԶƷģȻ⡣
ŮڵʥȻûʦǵȴһλʵʦвСĽ顣
붯棬붯λʦһֻҲֿɵ֮¡
вɸнԣԸѵõƷŮУȻ˾ңá
߰ʮ򣡡
Ȼ޷˶ֻ֣мྺ۸һ·ٶ˰ٶ򣬶ƺԲޣûֹ˼
ˣϢҴһ£ֻǷӡ
ƷȻ󣬵ҲóƷôļֵȥһδܳΪԭϰɣ


922 ˮԴ£
Ը⻨ǮȥۣͱʾǶƷļΪں
ǵУϼֵֺαز֣ôֽܲȥ
Ϊ±Ǳ˵£൱ֶͣѣΪģûгֵĻᡣ
˰ٶʮ򣡡
˰ٶ˵ľۣһЩϾ˶ԣ˰ٶҲһʲСˡ
Ȼ˶Ʒľڱصõͷվ֮ǰһʮһļӣǲǾģǳ䵱ԩͷ
˰ʮ򣡡
۸գŰٶʮʱˮŮӡɹáܽڲ̾һˣõҲɵļʣƳһõֻҪöλʦ߰˳ɵļʣҾͲˣټӣҳԿˡ
˵꣬ˮŮӣʹ˷ᣬ˳˾
һգϼͱŮӡʥŮɴԾŰٶʮƷǮ۾ĵ֡
ĵ֮ȻѽǧƷǮȻǼ˷ܵģȻܻŰٶõһƷԣ׬˵顣
Ůǿɢ߲ϼ⣬̽ˮŮӰڵİᣬ佻˰Ůӹɴ֮Ҳɵ¶΢Ц֧ӦıǮ֮󣬳ˮŮ׵˴Σлܽˡɴ֪ܽãܱĵҲǾŰٶܸöġ
ǺǣǾ͵Ƿһɡ
ˮŮܽЦ漴ͳǸˮƿֵϾ֮ǰ͸һʥϡʥˮȴûĵǼĵϾƷѡ
Ǻǡ
ԣ뵽ղˮŮթһʥˮ£ŮǵȻʵӣҲеۣŤŤͷȥղһ˿мʧӰˡ
ļѹƷľѾɹĻᣬһѹƷҲǱһƷϹ湦ˮԴһ̨
͸УڴǰģһţƤ׾⣬˿˿˵ζг֡
컨ӡ±ٻվ̨֮ϣ΢ЦˣڣϹ湦ˮԴǱһϹŶλΪɶȣڶ˲ơ
Ϊ˴ЩƣʧʮλѨ۷壬λ벽Ķ֣ΪңŵõⱾţˮԴ
õ֮󣬾жƽһСݣһżĹԽˮԲͬĹڻΪһγɼˮԴ壬춯صľ񹦡
˹ľƷֻֻ֪֪ѾһСݣ³̶ȣһĵƷ֮£й֮
ʱޣ˹ûܱȫƽ⣬ƽŵǿ˹󣬼пܴﵽƷнףƷϽϣֵ޿ɹ
̨£ʱһɧ
ƷнףƷϽ׹ֻа˴󶥼ţӵеľ񹦣˴󶥼УҲûмӵУǵƷ½׹
ĸһŵõⱾţ˵һɳ죬δγɲѷڰ˴󶥼ţй֮Ĵ½ھŴ󳬼Ҳǲܵ顣
ѹὫһţŵѹ󣬵λ˴˵鵤ĵƷˮ֣ƬƬƷģϼ֮ϡ
ʵⱾţǳĲͬڷΡ
硰컨ӡ±ٻԣǵϹŶԭ½˴󶥼⣬þòƷŵĴ˵ҲͿԴơ
δؾǵһ˷ֵİ˴֮ĵƷţǣȴǵһƳ˾ĵĵƷš
Ҳס
ⱾˮԴǿᣬóġⱾƷţ϶Ϊ֪ȱݺҪ󣬲ȻٶıǮҲûʸ뾺ĵġ
ȻУʣѯʳ컨ӡȻЦɫҲɴһ˿ɬ
Ҳ֪ˣ˵ףû˻μӾĵģʵΪһƷţӰʵ̫ˡ
ǰ˴ĵƷţԴǧ꣬ôⱾˮԴ޼֮֮Ӧģ˸˽£Σպͷ꣬ͬԳܵġ
ԣֻ˵ȱݣЩǿߣͳţ˵ӣıţǲпܱסŻӻԾġ
ǣ컨ӡ±ٻ˒ͷڲڵⱾţȻ󣬲Ҳ⡣
һ
һ̨ºѹѹεˣڵⱾţȫĹŷдֹŷ֣ʧǧ꣬ķʦûܽÿ
ľǿߣҲǷ˺ôľԵɺϣõһϹŷģǿ⿪ʮ֮һݣǼƾҲ޷ȥˣ͵£Ȿŵļֵ

һ٣ּڵⱾˮԴˮԴ塣ˣʲôҪⱾˮԴֻзϳԭ޵ĹתҵƷڰƷϵĹںϣνġˮԴ塯
ˮϵİƷ̫ѣ磬ԲһһϦ顣ԭĲˮϵĹҪϳԭĹˮϵĹڽȥʮĿһǼ仮顣
ԣŹֻʺԭˮϵϵʿٻʱ䣬ȥһ֮ӦţɹˮԴ
󣡡
컨ӡ±ٻʹˮԴΪˮϵƷ⣬ƷףɵˮԴҲܺƷĳ̶ȣǰƷôɵˮԴҲͿԴﵽƷ½׵ĳ̶ȡ
ˮ𹦷ܴﵽƷ½ףƷн׵ĲΣɵˮԴпܴﵽƷнףƷϽ׵ĲΡ
ԣ֮ǰ˵ģⱾţпܴﵽƷнףƷϽףһ²⣬Ϊ˭Ҳûȥ֤ʵǲǻܱߣûܱ֤
ˣʹǽͨƷĳ̶ȣҲֵˣԣкȱݺҪֻҪɹҲϹŹļֵ
Աᣬ֮󣬲Ž䶨ΪһѹƷǿǵ⣬ͼֵױȡ
һ٣ٴεǵܴˣһҲԽ⿪ⱾˮԴȫģҲڿⱾˮԴʱ鸽ǿһСݡ
һСݣҲ޷ˮԴеõʵˡǹʣֻһСݣҲԲһĵƷой֮
ⱾϹţˮԴļۣƷǮÿμӼۣõʮڣĿʼ
¥£ԭڴ𾪺Ϳˣ컨ӡ±ٻĻȴڵͷһͷˮԭ


923 
Ҳס
һ޷ʹѺ鷳ţһֽţжԶ
ţֻҪ츳ˣΪˣˮɣһľ磬ʵ
Ȿţֳֻȱݣ
ġ
һŲȫ¾㡰컨ӡ±ٻŵֻҪţᣬͻὫһСݣͬ͸
ǣʲôã
ֶͨ죬˱Ķᣬ붯ľ֣Ҳֻʮ֮һһ֪ûˮݡ
ˣѽʣµɹһš
ΨһмֵģҲһСݡ
ʹһСݣ˭֪λνľ֣׼׼ǲȷģ
Ȼ޷ĲݣǰģҲˣһ˭ɵȥ߻ħǼпܵ顣
ҲҪһ㣬֪ǷȷţΣأƷŵͷƻвԸðա
ˡ
ʹⱾȱҲ֪ٵţ˭Ҳ֪ܷɹ˵ڴ֮ǰҪϳԼ֮ǰй˭ҲԸ顣
ÿزҪѴʱ䣬ڷޣ޾Դ
Щ֣ȫһĻһδţô޴飬˭ȥɣ
ȷⱾˮԴȷǵƷţλǿģȷģԸðһա
ǣһнԲȷ£ȴûԸԼеһУȥġ
ĶˣҲδؾжߣһĴˣǽ϶ʹһͻˡ
ˣꡰ컨ӡ±ٻĻ˷˲䳡ûһ˾ۣá컨ӡ±ٻһΡ
Ҳȷţ϶ֻʱģΪȻ붯λˣֻʮ֮һԽˣԽ˾ⱾŵĲͬΡ
ԣԿ϶ⱾţһţΨһѶȾǣǱˮϵϵˣҪϹޣڴ˶ԣԽܣͲȥĵġ
ǣܻѾˮϵϵʿⱾȤȻ½֮һȴ½
ǰ˴ţϻǷԼ࣬ڰеǧңԼһЩϹ⴫ɡ
ЩˣǾ½ƶߣ±ٻţЩУоˣаⱾ֮顣
һ϶ͻĶ˱һԵ뷨ϾƷŵĳ֣̫ϡˣȻľģܲĵƷûȺͷڣģǿ϶ĵóȥġ
ƷǮҲԲļ۸񣬰컨ӡ±ٻƣⱾţͣҲĳ߰˰ۡ
Ȼ
û
ᣬеǿߣ֮࣬ڴϻ꣬ʹ
һЩУˮϵϵˮϵȻǱϵˮҲһУ
᳡֮У֮УΪˮϵڳ̬ϵҲһǧˣһǧУĶߡ
ǣȻտʼ᳡һԵΣʱĽȥ̽ţһ۸񣺡һʮ򣡡
˼Ӽۣٶʮ򣡡
Ȼ˼ӼۣⱾţϾ˻ĻǣǼӼʱûԵرľģҲԵʮԥü۸ǵúÿ˶ʮʮļӣٳּʮļ۸
İһӣ󣬵ӣһƷľģһֵȦӡ
һƷӦǱóƷȴĳʹ˶ţɽӦۣĹپ۷ȴʵƥ䲻Ʒŵݰ
ʮ¥ʮ˺ŰУⱾų̨֮ʱı飬ȴȻһ䣬漴ޱȵĿϲ
У˼˷֮⣬һ˫ֽսѾʾⱾЩصϹţʾ˷ͬѰȤ
Աߵʤѩı飬Щ֣ôĪֶⱾţҲ뷨
ȻıϵĹƺгڱϵǹʶⱾţûбֳʲôصȤ
ڵȴ黶ϲȻʳڡ
š
ӦһҲûϾ³־ģʤѩҲ֪˵ҲûбҪС
Ҳԡ
ʤѩ΢һ漴Цڹպˮϵ˵ⱾţҲΪΪ˴żŲƷУˮϵģҲ͸պֻһڡ
ֻǣʹõⱾţˮڣִȥһƥ䣬ںһĹأĻϵɲң
ȻˮԴҪƷĹںһеƷ½׹ˮϵˣһͬƷĻϵȴܡ
һƷҲֻܷӳƷĹãϣҲƷ½ףȫûҪΪȥһŹ˷Ѵʱ侫˵ʹ޳ˮԴƷֻҲƷ½ףαأοࣿ
΢΢һЦûзʤѩĻȻΪӵˮϵⱾˮԴȴ֪ʵл
ΪܲʺϣⱾˡ


924 ڱص
ʤѩ⣬ȥ͡
ʤѩȴ֪ӵһŵƷˮϵ֮⣬⻹һƷʵѷڣгĻϵԡͼ
ԣڳ˶ԣõⱾϹţˮԴʹǷҲԸ֮Ϊ֮һģҲ͵Ʒ½׳̶ȡ
ΪƷˮϵţѰңҪƷ½׵ˮϵţͻûˡ
ʹһƷ½ˮϵţǽɵŪ½ϣڻϵƷѰϵǸ췽ҹ̷
ʣˡ
ΪǡǡһԴͬأӵֲ˼鴦ϵԡͼ
˹ڸĶ֮ϵĻ񣬶һһͨİƷϵ֮УǻԵɺϣٽȣؼͼҲܵõع
ԭԡͼϾⱾƷ׺֮ϣϳᵼ³֮ʱȣֻ־е㲻ʡ
ǣʹûϵԪԡͼʱĸо԰Ρ
ںˣ߿Թ棬һٽ׳ˮͬޣʹԺ׷ɹʸ
ˣˮԴĳ֣ǳĹǣıԥķ˲ʧܽ߼֮һܷӵõľ磬ֶΪ
ˮԴ˼飬ǵ߳ںһԳһĹһ㾳磬ԭֻǵƷ½׵Ĺȴ˵ƷнףƷϽףȻǷԾʽġ
ҪǣԺ뿪½ǰ˴ݣҲûлõˮϵš
ŪƷн׵ˮϵţɵƷ߽׵ˮԴƷ߽׵ˮϵţɵƷ׵ˮԴ
ֻһףҲףŪƷ½׵ˮϵףõƷн׾ѣŪƷнҲпܣõƷ߽׾ѡ
ŪƷ߽ףпܣƷţƾŴݣҲûмɣҪ˵õ
ǹʣţжȻ
򵥵ıȷһöǮöǮöǮܵһöƷǮ
һöƷǮöƷǮֵһöƷǮ٣
öƷһöƷ϶ǵȼ۵ģöƷһöƷҪᡣ
ԽϣԽࡣ
ԣĿǰ˿ˮԴĿȴֻ½ȴ֪ˮϵţ½ϡ٣ȴδûС
Ǵ͹Ȿŵļֵ
ȻҲΪ֪Լûлǰ⼸ݣʹлᣬҲŪϵţԲŽ͹
ɲͬлΪˣˣǰ˴ݣ϶ʮס
ʵٶȣδʹھŴУ϶ҲһѰͬƷ׵ĸƷţ˵ѣϣȴˡ
ԣⱾţļֵȻʮ֮ߣ֮δ֮Σǿ߱Ĺ磬ġ
ͬ˹Ҳõĸȵ¡
Ͼ磬Ȼڴ֮ǰͻȻ任ȻԻǰ̣⣬ȴڸĸǽʹȹ̣ǿ
ͺͽһӣԭĵػ߿Գ¥ĸ߶ȣһգѾĲ࣬㽨ųɣֻҲΣյһʹﵽػܵļޡ
ʱΪ˳׽ɵ㣬ڽ¥ǰϦԸĵػƷؽһΪ˰ѵػøΣϸãʱִ̫٣ûи㹻Ļͼʱ䣬ĽȴδǺõģֻ¥һ³
ػĻϣһͬĲϣӹ̺ȴᶯҡôػĳֻȴĽΣա
ңΪ֮Ӧģ㽨¥ֵܳΣպѣҲ˶󽵵͡
ԣǼƷĺô
ҪһǣͻƷ;֮һϹű컯һֱҩб̺һЩƳɵ˷¡
ַں˵ҩУһ£Ҳ˲ܵ䷨ֻһ˲ҲͻƷмİ
ڶ;ѰһŻ̺طϹŵ伮򣬳͸ҲмСһ˿ᣬɾͷ֮
İϻḡõġ诹֮һ
ڣϳֵһƷˮԴȴǱȲ诹ǿ󣬸ö̺š
ΪˮԴԺ壬ˮ֮ںϣгͻлٽ֮ЧһɣȻ
ǹʣˮԴһ˲䣬ףⱾţ֮£ؽ
ȽԡͼĲʣҲӰ쵽ĳɹʣֻɹʸߣΣոС
Ӧģ޹Ʒףʹлᣬͽ׵ţںϳн׻߽ףܷ
ˣⱾˮԴıۣﵽٶ򣬼۸ԽԽ֮ʱ̲סۣʮ򣡡
һӼӼʮȻһ漴
б뾺ĵˣ޲üͷһ壺ʮ¥ʮ˺Űᣡ
һⳡῪʼʮ¥ʮ˺Űһ˶ټƷв֮ֺĽ
Ȼ֪вֹһˣˣͬʱĶϾһᣬһ˵ͷϡ
һ뵽ԷϱǮ񣬶ҾȻڻûл꣬ףл֣̿ȴֲޡ
һ̣־ھⱾˮԴ֮Ŵжĺжߣ
ûа취ᣬƴĲҲǵλȨǮơ
ԷֻҪܳǸߵǮƣҲ޿κΣΪеᣬһǼ۸ߵãΥҲȥˣٲԸҲֻάΪȥĸ
ȻˣٳɹˮԴļʴ಻סеһ֮ģӼ̧ۣ
Ȼĺٴʮ򣡡
þš


925 ħٸϣ
ʮ򣡡
߰򣡡
߰ٶʮ򣡡
˰򣡡
ٴοĿķģʽ˼ӼʮͼӼʮ򣻱˼Ӽ۶ʮͼӼ۰ʮ
ǽ˱ֲϼӣһܶС֮ͲòЩԥˣҲ׿ڣᡣ
ȻⱾˮԴʮѵãͬѣȻˣֺαػĴۣȥⱾš
ңõ֣ҲδǸǿ죬ڴѹԼûг׳ɳ֮ǰⷴһҲ˵һ
ԣ뾺ĵˣ˳ξģЩ뾺ĵˣҲΪû㹻ıǮò˱ᡣ
գȻĵģʣԱȽϼ㣬߶ⱾϹ湦ȷʮָȤĴڣǸڴм
ϵбǮģȻʣµƷֻ߰
ʹӵϽ𿨣Ķ԰㣬Ҳֻ൱ӵа˰ٰʮңٸ߾ͽвˡԣʵһҲӽɽˮĵز
ǵ˵ĺۣ˰ʮʱȴǺԥ˾Űۡ
ʤѩǮ
ʤѩҲûԥֱ˵ֻҪУҪ٣˲Ķ漴ڣȫںôۡ
ϧǣⱾˮԴȻ˶϶һĳۣϾӵȱݣŰʵѵޡ
۸Ѿ˺ܶ˵ޡ
ǹʣ˴ʱں۵ˣѾֻ࣬дèСèֻ
۸һǧʱҲ˺ۣɹ¡
ˣᣬԲգӮңʣʤѩˡ
Ƿֱ飬ݣϽٹ֣һħ𾧿Ȩ߲عⷵյĵһƷ֥һöԼϹ湦ˮԴһ
ջش
ȻգԼǧ޿ӻһգҲǷʤѩƷǮľծ
ֻ㣬ǽǮǽǮʤѩûеһ¡
ΪףֻҪ뻹óһԵֵù۸ֻƷǮֵ֣ϵ䱦ѡ
ҲԼ𣬶ʤѩͬỹ
ǹʣ˭û£ڹУӹŮϵˮԴ汾ԼһСݰҳ֮ʤѩˣ漴ûٶֱ뿪ᣬصԼӵĿջ֮С
ջ֮󣬸ط䣬˷ֱһ
ķ֮С
һ֣ǰһſƷ޲һϡ䱦
һǼرһţѹа徻ֻ꣬£ʱûжôֱڴһǡ
ڶ߲֮ʱãʱò֮Ĳڴһǡ
عⷵյͬ
ڵļϽٹ֣˳һ¹ܷ֮ǱƷоħٸ
ڵħ𾧿Ŀƣʱᡣ
󣬾ҪƷߵ֥ԼǱϹ湦ˮԴ汾뱾
Ʒߵ֥һԥ漴ָ֣ϣССһƬƬһ󣬱㽫ϸۣˮ̷Ǹ֮С
˲䣬·һŻٲԥֱӱĿϥ˹ԡͼȫתڣǧǳһɫ𣬳ճ棬Ե׳֡
һĻĿ˹еԼȴ֪ȥƬʱֺų³һ۾ڣ¶һ˿ϲɫ
֥ȻƷߵװ벽ˣȻá
ֻǸոջµһСƬΪ磬ǰһСȻһСƲԣֻҪܾоǾ޴ʤˡ
Ϊǰһյʱ䣬ҲѸܵʲôͬ
Բһ׵ظ֪ԼڽһˣԼ֥ȫĥãЧԶ
Ҳװ벽۷壬нװ벽ڵĵز
ԭҪղܴﵽĳװ벽ڣƿɶһЩٷһ֥ͻ֮ھˡ
֮£ɲ֮Ȼ֥ҩЧǿ󣬵ȴһ̷̫࣬ȻܲסǿҩҲԳܡ
ǹʣգ˼̷ֱ֥ӳͻƳװ벽ڵ뷨һߣǱˮԴ
ûƬ̣¶һ˿ϲɫ
ȣǱԭġˮԴţ֮󣬹Ȼ硰컨ӡ±ٻԣ涼Ϲŷд
һɫ֣ͬڷ⣬ͨˣֻ¿һۣҪͷĿѣΪǿ󣬾֮ͨˣҲȫ͸
Щ֣ƺ̺ǧǾ֮ˣֻ⡣
֪ΪΣܾãЩ֣ȻԼһȴһֻҪһӴ˲ĸо
ĸо㯣Щš
漴뵽ԼġԡͼҲǳϮԷŹ֮šˮԴЩһС
뵽һ£͵֣ͳһ
ȴһöͭƬͭƬ֮ϣһں֮ϣһƬ£ѣȴ鰲꣬Цݡ
ףϾ˵ʮǰһλֵĺУҪӲģ˵зԣӦǷˡ
ʱϾպսһ£ô˵ģҪҵУǹֱӾܾˡ
ǺлǰͭƬΪͭƬһİĵ㵱ӵġϾҲ󻹴ԼĶӣҲ
һֵϺģԡͼˮԴ
뵽ЩȻһ뷨Ժһ̲סһ۾Ȼһ


926 ħٸ£
еЩĳԨԴ˵ȴʵڡ
ȻҲ̫ƣֶǷţ༰ĴڣƩ֮Ͼ͵ĳͭƬһŹϺѹȥʮꡣ
ԡͼǵԸĹȵʯˮԴȴһϹŶзֵĵ
Щݣ㣵ĵطǸо֮䣬ĳϵ
Σֵĸ֪ⱾˮԴ⣬ȴãڡ
벻ЩҲʱˡˮԴ汾ǱİױзģԼ֪ݣƣؽȴͬ㣵ġ
ȻҲЩ֮ǰĴŵ˸еġ
ǲ֪٣óȻ£ûȥ֣֮汾֮ȴ©֮Ǻֱ롣
߻ħ٣跢ЩǿԤ顣
һҲңԼԡͼӵسͭƬܸ֪⣬óȻ˹ֻҲͱ˵³һ
֪ŵĸĲ⣬޷⣬Բд㣵ţǹˡ
ǰߣֻ˵Ǻߣһ룬ĺ
Ҳԭ᲻ԼõֵžôߣֲԸԼǼ˳߼ۣȴѧˮԴһ
һһС뱾ᣬڱǰ棬Ҳгһգţɾһ֣Ҳ˵һ
Σһжֻǲ²⣬Ҳ޷ʹ˶ʲôǴ𡣶Ҿ˵ˣԷֻҪ粵һ䣬˵˭Ҳ޷Ρ
ԣҲ׼ʹ¼ƽϣΪóⱾôһˡ
Ȿţ˵һǧ¾ǧǧ࣬ҲԻԥ¡
Ϊԣʵ̫Ҫˡ
Ȼ˹Ŀǰˮϵƽ⣬վã羫ˮϵҲԶԶϵ
ԡͼȻǳϮϾķѾãƷֽϵͣȲǿȻڻϵԪˮİ£ֺ࣬ܿȫת˸
һѾԽԽ󣬶ˮԴиǰᣬǾ߾൱ƽ⡣һȽԡͼ൱ľųɡ
⣬ʹӵлϵԪˮϡ٣꼴ûԻǰ첻ġ
ҵǣӵطؾתϵ
һֱӽתΪԡͼټԡͼʱ䣬һ༸죬ˮƽ⣬ˮԴһĳˡ
ȻʱˮԴⱾϹţһţѾõϽٹ֣ǿԳһ
Ǿ֮ǰʤѩ˾УõĵƷоħٸˡ
뵽ٶԥֱӽˮԴ汾뱾ȫ봢У汾£ȻΪҪʱ
뱾ȴ뵽ΪˮԴ飬𼫴𶯣һЩŻ죬´뱾ΣͷһãЩ˿϶͵ʴѻ𣬷ǻ
뵽ˣ΢΢һЦ漴һóһš
ųʰɫֵĺӰƣʮֿ¡
֮һϵ壬˲ǰ
ħٸ磬յּܷͬӲֱͬӵеԣֲ֮ܵϹ֣֮ɺ£Ī衣
漴滹оһϵΪʺħٸյĹ֮˷Ϲ֣֮Խħٸӵ£һѪһһꡣ
ֹ٣ʮټϧ޵Ѳ档
˵Ѫ֮һ˲ǧ̣˾Ѫһգֻʣһ߿տƤң˲˵Ϊһˣٱ˾꣬˲ʬ⣬ΪٿƵĿܣʹĪ⡣
ϹΪΪаϹʱھͱܻһգһöû£Ϲ٣ҲֻܳΪ˵ܼӰ
棬ǿĹ֣֣ովĵϽٹ֣ҲֵöϽӣȻ˵ʮλ
ȻϽϵͣȴҲǽΪʺ˹һ֣ɴһ¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻʮƷǮһö֣Ҳûʺħٸļֹ֮һǰ٣㲻
ڣ͵ʵһʱˡ
뵽ˣٷƬţԴȫϣȷԼѾȫԺ֮󣬾ٲԥһ֣öϽٹ֡
Ͻ֣ԼһָнǣɢϵϢһֺ֮⣬ӯУ𺳡
֮ǰ̨ϣоԣڵԼУŷ֣һú޹ӣȴһּΣյĸо
ħٸѾ֮ķȻ塣
治ɫĬĬ۾漴һ˲ĳ֣еϽٹȡȥ
տʼʱϽٹֻ޷ӦܳѾãϤȡԴ֮ӴȣһɸǿӿȥϽٹһϳǵ߲ġ
漴һֲУȻϽٹ֮ϲȥ˳ĵ͹Ѩӿĵֲ


927 ʥٵϣ
ֲϽɫϽٹֵɫ߷ƣͬ
Ͻ֮У̺ǿҵһС٣ָֻ׸ôȴۣĲϼȡԽԽ࣬ɫʢҲ֮ԽԽ
һȻһֱۣڵաħٸ֮صĴ߻֮˲ʩչ
ͣ
ڵĵӴǽعԴ漴һĸоУҲһϹ٣Ժƺӳʼصһиܣʷȥ֮
Ĭһ
˲䣬һϽɫĹ٣ֱۣߣƺͬ
٣ʵܴϸ΢ۣÿһƬÿһҶ˵ʸУ˵ʵͻɵģȻͬ

һ֣˲䣬Ͻɫֱۣǰϯȥܿ콫ǰһǸϡ
ϣ
һ֣ϽȻмս
漴ֻꡱһջУҲĴջʹõΣȻҲͨľǼʯİľ
ʱľһֵָһ֮£Ȼ˲ѣѿڴƣʾϽһյĿ¡
գ
۾һҲΪϽǿе𾪡
һϽٹֻ֣ǸոտʼգյĹԴǧ֮һƶûУܴ߷Ĺ֮Ҳ΢΢ԶԶûɵʱ
ǹʣԭֻǷָʹãû뵽ȴԤϡ
еǿˡ
Сĳڣ˿ɲǵȵϽٹֳϣܴ߻Ͻ٣ֻ¸ӿ¡
ȻϽԴҲһһϦܰ쵽飬ΪÿһҲȡƣҪһ֮󣬲ȫϣӳս
㼴ʹˣֻҪȡ죬ܴʹħٸĸսУҲһСˡ
Ͼ൱ˣһȻʹһЩӰ죬ֻʹĵԶ
ǽȡһϽٹֵԴоȡѾﵽͣٶЩܲס֮Ҳգתʼʹķ
Ƭ֮ĵõתǰһŹżǶ֡
һ𣡡
˲䣬ΣϽȴϷɳǴǹżܽŵͻȻ֣һŲסȻȻһ
˻
·𲼿鱻˺ѵŹżܣ˲ѣ类֫⣬һأĿˡ
һΣ
ĿҲٴ͵һ¡
⣬ħٸһ÷ѣ⻹÷дȥ
ŵ⡰ħٸĸ÷֮ǳˡ
ǽʱ䣬ҲûȥһڿջмչԴħٸһԷؾĵתΪԡͼĻϵʱڣʹƽ⡣
ֻˮϵƽ֮ؿʼǾϹŵˮԴ
ȻҲԻϵԪˮԡͼ
һΣԡͼȴٽԡͼĵתΪĵҪĵתΪԡͼĵˡ
ɰ̾ϧ֪ˣͲýɵĽԡͼתȻھҪʡȥһڳˡ
ڣȴֽҪѾתɵתؽԡͼм̣Ȼʱ࣬˷Ѵʱ䡣
˭Ҳ񲻵飬Ҳûа취ֻ
Ͼԡͼ֮ǰҲ֪ϣȻˮԴϹ湦ܵˮ𣬽ԡͼڶΪһ
֪Ȼô䣬ǧ֪Ҳֻܽʵ
ҵǣԡͼʱϾ˷ѵʱҲ̫࣬зؾڣһжǿصģ໨Ѽʱѡ
ǣչؿջ֮УŴ£һջϲˡ
֮ɹȡʮƵϽٹԴտʼʱȻţϤ֮ԽԽ죬ԽԽ졣
һֻмƣڶʮƣϾͻʮˡ
ʮƵϽٹԴһγɰСָɫ٣ӯӯ
ʱٳԣ㷢֣ħٸ֮ǣѾﵽĵزο
ǶԷʩչ˷ϴ˷ס
Ȼ⧲֮£϶ҪһϣķѣѪء


928 ʥٵ£
ħٸɾϲ֮⣬⣬յĲ֮УˮϵҲڽƽ⡣
ڷؾβת£ĻϵȻûдﵽ׿ˮཻڣƽĵزʱѾԶˡ
ٹգͿԳˮԴ
ǣյ֪Ƿ˷ϲ¾ˬֻϵԪĹУż̷һСƬ֥ĥɵϸۣٶȴǡ
һԭΪ輸ղͻƵĳװ벽ҲǰﵽΪʽ׳װ벽ڣһ֮ǰȶĿ꣬нװ벽ڣҲֻСˡ
лϵԪˮ֥ĸ£ȵһ֮Լ׵ʱ϶ͻнװ벽ڣڣȶĿ꣬ǰݺһ󲽡

յʱȥʥڣҲڵ
һ죬컹ûһ̣ʤѩסĿջ֮Уԡ棬ʢװڣȥ
ֱԼСʱ֮ʤѩһ£ͷڣ壬£øɸɾű⣬ͷһЦͷǰ·뿪ջ
ջ֮⣬һͷȺʹʤѩ֮󣬳£ʵʵʲôʲôҲˡ

ֻ̺һԭͷһߣʱһȣӱ޶ꤡĴʹȥ
ʻͲٽʤѩˣ̣һ·ǰۣ;ʣֱ̳ʾһɫƣŷС
ʱɫ;ڸƽʣľ׺ޣװװʮַӡ
·ϣ洦ɼʢװĸ죬ɫ࣬һϣȺٵʽʼ
񲿹ԱڽƷ񵥣ø᳡Եһׯ£Ϲ
һ̷Ը֮󣬱Թȥ
ʤѩȻʮֲϰķڣ뵽ʳ½ϵˣֻֻͣȴ
ң޵֮ˣȴʱ򲻻ЩԱģԱĿһʱø졣
Ҳ֪˶ãڴͨ죬񻨳𣬱˽룬ʤѩϯ
ȵǳȥŷȻʥʣǱһСϯλۿʱٵ䣬ֱ֮аٹȻڣʥæһͿûʱӼˡ
ֱʱ֣ʥٵŸһ䣬˰ٹᣬԼʥʽӼʤѩʱ̡
һµ̵Ĵ£ʤѩҴţ¥иԱһһģԹɫΪӳġ
ӹ죬ٹ٣볯ĹҴţҴšмƽῪգųҶڣֵ롣
мǵ»ʵ۳ѲĵطֻǴʱȻ̤ϡ
ٹ٣ˮ£ȴӼֱ𣬲ν룬ңʤѩĹ֮ߵҴ
һͨȽڵĳ֮󣬲̨˺ʤѩ֣Ը
ʤѩŵԴӰٹ֮߳ȺУعݣȫ֮󣬲һȴʮɣ
ʤѩվ̧ͷȥ
ɡ֮һųΣһϽۣͷڵߣϣһݣֻܸܵ޾ϣָƼɱơ
ϺȨƸУͨ˵ܲģȴʵڵĶ
ֻ·һɽ壬·ֻҪһ̧֣ܽضѹ¡
ʤѩˣǰ벽Ķ֣£ҲûмܷǵУڴǰ಻ɸеһС
·еһҶۣ˳һ˳һüˣƪὫƷ
⻹ˣһθܵ˿µƣڡףԼǿǰ˶ûиܹơ
֪Ϊǿ߹еȨ֮ںһ𣬲Ÿָо
ʥ䣬ʥȻɢƣ˾ηȻ쵼£ͳδ½
׵ȣͬΪȴѹˣʤѩʱԼƣ˸оƽͨͰס
ɢԼʱκһλͬʤѩָܵо


929 Ⱥ
Ȩ֮һ˹
ȻֻǶͨڶԣʤѩԼᶨгɵ߶ԣȻҲоƵĿ£ȴ˶η壬ʧȥƽĴݡ
ɱ˽ΪƽľȴʥʵĿڡ
ȻžôƬ֮ǸϽ۵ߣڵ˵ͷ͵ؿһ۲վ֮µʤѩˣ΢Цڵ
֮ǰߴаΪ£Ծµ˾Ϊ磬կѪɱӪԶ̣аʳѪɫұ䣬𶯡
ңжλ彣ʿ̽նȺаɨ̣Ѫɽׯ൶ţʥ٣ȼǾޱȣǵƽ˾֮һ棬ʵ²֮ѫ
֮ǰ˾Ϊ£ѪɫҰ֮ʱʱɱ֣ܾ˾аħԴͼͣڣõ˶ŵԵʱˡ
ǣָڱʰ֮ʱպ˾ҹڽ𶯣˫ϲš
ʣʾԭǵ֮⣬ӦһֻҪΥ飬㣹񣬶õóģǾܿڣ޶ǵԸ޲Ӧʣ
˻
һ֮УһƬȻ֮
ʥʵĴ˻˵˵üأǰδеĴ󷽡
ֻҪΥ飬㣹񣬶ʥģӦ޲Ӧʡ
Ҳ˵ֻһ仰ֱǼֵǡ
Ҫʥʴһٰſ϶Ǻܼ򵥵£ΪȲ飬ҲΥ񣬸ʥ׾پܰ쵽
֪ΪһٰѾԽԸＰʤѩôס
ƣҪҲҪΪҪ󣬹ʥһŵ棬ֵǮҲûмֵˡ
ǮƸλͨ˵ȻһɼĶʤѩǰ;ԶδضչƵľ˵ȴǺֵġ
ȻҲҪ鱦±ǱǮҲ˷ˡ
⣬ǿҪĻкܶࡣ
磬⣬ѡһЩʵҪʥΪǰһ£ͻƷʱṩһЩЩ޼۵ġ
Ϊ䣬붯һλǿΪǰ£һһλȨյķǿߣжѣǲܡ
һλ磬ϡ֮ܺӵĹϵû˻ġ
Ͼһλ̫ѣʹһλǿߣҪһķҲûжٳɹʣΪҪģǶеʹ
Կ˵ʥ仰һ֧ƱǰûйԺҲδػС
ҲʤѩΪպøٵĴϲӣЯ˾ʳӦеϵϲѸմãܻ١
ȻʥʵĻʤѩȴɶһۣ漴ǰһ빪˵лʥ¡ȻΪӦаħ֮ΪΪ˱ʥһŵ˽ģˣܣʥջس
棡
ʤѩĻش𣬲ֹͷ׵ʥʣҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬
ܺãѵѵãȻԽˣԽý͡ʽһջصĵˣһҪɣˣҲʾйͣйطԣǲƴǣ˭
ŴԣʤѩٴζһۣգʤѩһȻˣлʥ¡һ޵֮ʿ֮ﲢ뵽ʥʰ٣Ī
ŹŴʥʣÿڣشϲ֮գذ䲼һЩ֮ⷸ˵Ļᣬͬ졣
ʳʥ쵼£壬ĺƽżС಻һ㸲ǡ٣ԣΨһ󣬾ʥһʳѱʮϵﷸʹؼĻжʥʸӰͬʱԵó͢ҲЩѾ۵һᣬˣܸܵʥʵؽͶͬ졣
ף
ʤѩ˻˵нڣϾԳԾʥʣԼЩؿһۡ
˭Ҳû뵽ʤѩһò׵ĻᣬȴҪʲô£ͷһЩѾʮϵﷸʲôͬ죬˸е¡
ôȲʧЩʲôܲʰµĺʾԼؽȣֻûһʥʲԸɡ
Ψһʧʤѩһһλһŵĺûѡ
ʱ֮׵һӰȻվͷ޵ƣʷأһǧ߰ǰзＯȺ֮ǽ¶£иһλܳݣΪ̸
֣˰ǰȷǣʼƽҵǴ£ﷸʰţų֮Ρ
£д֮٣ǹʣգʥʰ٣ַа˾ǡڴʱǴ֮ס
˫ϲţԶʤӦд֮٣񣬶жʥʵ££
˵֮ˣһϮۣϣɢŨصƣվ֮׵ģʣʳʥ֮µһˣ塰˾졣
ƹܼ˾̵ִҪ֮һĻȻӰ
ˣ֮˲ôһɧ漴˽ڶڵأʥԸʥʰ٣ַ˾˫ϲţʥʣ£ٹ֣ͬͬϲͬ죡
ʥ£ٹ֣ͬͬϲͬ죡
ʥ£ٹ֣ͬͬϲͬ죡

һһӰѹѹһƬһĻ˵򣬶ҹ涨ֻʮǰﷸҲ˵ʮڷﷸǲڴ֮еġ
һЩ̷ܵˣ˵ĻᣬЩˣҲ޹ͷţһá
ˣһĻҲ÷Ϊʤѩһ£ȡԼ
ˣʥһմãͷӦ˴£ãʤѩ׼ˡ
Աϣֳ޵㲻ĽرȴΪԸʵοġ
Ȼ֮Եʼˣޱ֮۳һöִһΣзʮڣĻĹˣԴ֮ʻЭ㡣
࿤أگգؽ£Ը˶
лʥ¡ּ
ʤѩԣһ߳¡ع¡
ڳ֮ˣ಻ͬʱУʥʥɽꡣ


930 Ĺ
ʥʼ״Ļοһ֣жʱһöơ
ĿΣȻһָһϽɫ˲ƹע֮ϣģ֮ϣֳһֵýɢĪϡ
Ⱥ
һۣһͷһӣӵڵصʤѩУ漴ˣ˱ִ١
ֻʹһΣ꼴ޣҲʲôΣʾɡ
ǡ
ʤѩӹ۾¶һ˿صĹâû˵ʲôȥ
ʥʵ۾ˣʤѩѾ˵ԼҪ󣬲ΪԼı˽ȴΪοأҪʲô
ԣһԥһ£뵽ʤѩѾڣԼҲƴǣȷһ£Ƿλʥʲܰ쵽ɡ
ϥ£ڵȻʥȻ޸Ҳӡ˵Ҫ󣬲һ룬ʥʻָҸƺţĹ׼ҵȺ˼ݣ
ţʲô
տʼʥʻûзӦŷӦɶȻ˫Ŀһ鶸Ȼü˵ʲô˵ĸףҪָƺţ׼˼ݣ
ǡ
Ȼش䲢ûһ˿Żη壬׵ʥʣĿ㡣
Ͼԭˣԭˣ
Ȼ׵ʥʣЦʯƣô¡¡𶯡
ٹ٣޲ݡ
˲ؿһۣʤѩҲ¶һ˿ֵı飬Ȼû뵽ڵǰ꣬Ȼ£ȴӢŵ֮һϾ֮ӡ
뵽ʮǰĴ˵Ӧɽϣ췣ɱϺϣԳϾ֮ӣʧ֪٣ԭ
Ȼ󣬳Ϊ󶥷֮һɰ벽ʤѩһߴа̣£丸Ͼ
˸Ȫ֪ܺЦȪ
ȺУ˵⸴ӣһ˱֮׵ġ˾죬ĿⶸȻһ䣬עϣһϢϸ֡
ˣվڡ˾棬һΪѪһΪಡ˾ͽ
˲ְλΣǷʥʵİ٣ǶòԲפر߹صġѪѲµġಡ˾ͽնһ֮Уվڰٹλ
˿ԽԽϤȻòвͬᣬϸܿóһ㡰ϾӰӡ
˲鶸Ȼ𶯣޲˫˫߳һ漴뵽ʲô˻ȥ鼤ʵϾ㸸ף
ǡ
λүѯʣǿԼĿ⣬УҲ΢΢һ𣬹ػش
ãá
Աϣٲԥֱ룬ͬʱ۶ϷʥʵʥʣͿ๦ߣ£ϻ꣬һ֮
򡮾ϺϲФıλڣڣָҫĹĿɼʥʶʡ
ʥʶʣ
ԣˡ˾ˣᳯ٣ͬʱһ
ΪϾȥϺϾȻıλɱܼϰɽɱϾΨһĶӣ
ϱɱ˶˵ǱӦԼֶλһ£ҲΪţ÷зղŵʥŭʥּȡλţһȨ
պһ壬ʹû䣬ûþɢֻʣ¾һլ
û뵽գλħʿ֮УȻһλǡϾĶ˻ʳ֮УʥʽӼͺ⡣
ڣλħ֮ʿһҪ£ͬ죻һͬΪԼǣȴҪָţ޸Ĺ
һʣ£һТ֮ġ
ˣٹٹ£ʥ֣Ҳ˫Ŀ΢΢ʪյͷܺã±׼ˡѽگ٣ָϾշţţΡ񲿻ξѣĹմˡ
ǡ
߳ʥʵķԸдּ⣬ʱϲǲһݣлʥ¡
ΪӦ֮£óʴǵһ£һ޸Ĺǲ˽ģοԺޱ˴ǰؿ⣬ѡƷǴӦõĽ
ˣ°ɣ
ǡ
ʤѩһۣ˶ԷеϲӦһʥʴµȺͻָŵʥּ˳ʯס


931 ؿ
ʵʥʵĳŵȻĶ̫⡣
ΪЩȻʨӴ󿪿ڣʥҲһӦΪµĳŵ
ΪۻʣһԣֻҪ̫ݣ϶˰쵽
ǣȴǵıġ
ʥʷָɱŵȴ˽ҪģҲӦõõģƴǡ
ʳ󱦿⣬⣬⣬ԼҪҲؿ⡣
ȼֻͣһЩͨҲл룻ϽҪֻ޵߲̤룬ŵҲһЩ޵챦
ؿͬʥԼղرĵطֻл̤룬һҪͬһ塣
ϴʤѩһĻᣬؿ⣬ѡһμƷԼһ߼
μƷ֮һǧӰǴؿлá
ؿУɲֹֻдμƷƷӵеģıҲС
ȻȡıҪߵȨޣʤѩһ˽ȥƷ˵ؿδУУҲܾ͸ǵġ
ҪּıҪؿĵ²㣬ҪߵȨޣʤѩõĳŵֻǽؿͨ㣬ѡƷѡ
ˣҲ˷ܵļˣΪݴлһεʤѩԣʹֻؿͨ㣬ҲӵٽʮμƷԼϡ챦
κһʵ
ǣ˳ʯ׵ʤѩһƫŸԵƬ̣һ̣˹ȥ
ʤѩ֪˾Ǵǰؿ֮ˣҲԥתȥ
Խعգʹ࣬һƧĵطһ۵İɫĴһˣտյȴ˴һĪΣС
˵صʤѩһͷʱףؿڵˡ
ϸ۲˰Σǿʲô⣬ʶȥӦȴܸӦǿ󵽿µʶʱԼˡ
ͨŵʯ֮£ƺҲ˿µɱƣ˴·ҴĻֻ»ûǰҪʬɱʣˡ
ңʤѩǰʥʵĿ͵ģԣǻһ洿ƣڰһȻУ
𣬺ɫŵĴţ򿪣ʤѩ˵ʶҲ֮ȥòٷˡ
״ʤѩˣŲһڻ̵ʾ£ɫŵĴš
뿪󣬲ûиϣ˵ڵ֮ǰŴˣֻͨ㣬һѡƷĻᣬѡ֮뿪Ļߣĵɱ
ԣʤѩһܵеɭȻ֮⣬Ȼףǿ²㣬̰ƷֻЩػŵˣͻˡ
ǻ̼ѾԼľ棬ҲͲᣬֱӾԭرĿȴѡƷٴ뿪
ȥһʹ⣬ؿȴǵһܵȷȻͬʣɭ࣬䱦ҲԶ⡣
ǻ̵ľ֮󣬲ûоֱӽڵ֮У˲䣬Źرգ糹׸
ǰģһССĺڰռ䣬ûʲôҲûκδ˵еı֣һãȻѾ˵һεʤѩȴǼ죬ֻһơ
ۣ
˲䣬ڰâ˽µĵ棬Ȼˡ
ʤѩǰУƬʱֺһܱյʵʵܱտռ䣬Χûκγڣֻǽһͨ
ͭʵǽϣ¶еɭʸˣ֮ϣɢŴĿ⣬ι˾綾
ʱȴ˭Ҳû˼ȥΧЩʸֻҪǲҶЩʸǲᷢģֻһԵĻضѡ
˵Ŀ⣬Ѿȫ䵽ͭУе룬İˮС֮С
ЩˮС֮Уڷ˸ָıÿһŵ磬ɲᣬѪսȴİټ֮ࡣ
ؿһʥռĶֻͨһ㣬ҲԻλ˵۾
ƷμƷδ˵鵤Ʒоϡʯݣ޲ϣһЩʤѩвֵƷ
·һССı㣬עô⵹ø˵أĿ֪۾΢΢һ
ʤѩϤ˵صĳֻһк漴һȥҪץʱ䣬ȥѡҪƷˡ
״Ҳѡһߣͬһһˮ񿴹ȥѰԼı
һˮ֮Уŵһ˫ɫĹЬЬߣһͻСĳ򣬹ۿԱߵĽܣȻһԸħѥƷе
Ʒе֮УϾƷֻǵס
ԼħѥȴͨƷеļֵȥΪǺѥһƷֻǼӸ߽ףҼӳɵٶȸ졣
ĸѥֻƷѾ
⼲ħѥΪƷеĸѥ֪߳ƷףȻҪԶԶʤ֮
ֻһ̲סֱӾѡȡһ
뵽Խ󣬳ֵƷֻԽ󣬶ѡ˲ܽ²֮⣬ͨѡֻʹԽ󿴿˵


932 ɷ
ȻδؾͻֱѡĴμƷȥҲҪ಻ǡ
ƷеѥȻȴȻϴμƷġ
ǰߣһ·ֿϡ
һֻĹӣƷףµĽϣȴдšӡ֣ȻһרԾĿֲħӣһ߶Եͣɴ벻ˣһˡ
ƩֿһƷϵȵĻף¡˿һһĴɣǾˣһܴؽͻϵɵ˺
ҪǣᱡۣϣзãӰ촩κж˶֮һ
ϧǣѾ˴μƷη£Ȼȴϡ
ֿϡŹֵƷȵ룬һ찵һ꣬˲佫һλɸӡ
һصᾧӡһͷڵ꣬ʮǿ֮ͬ
ļƷݣ󣬶޲ϣ֪
ǴμƷҲ
һһѵӣǧƵѣɫĵ֮ϣ
˵ǧһ£ССص̶̵һСεϣȻı漼ĵ̼߰˰ֻϣûǧֻҲ˶ˡ
ԱߵĽ֮ϣ˵һǧƵѵ֮һһǵϵĽǧֻͬʱͬ˹תߵʹ
߻ǣǹͬʱǷܷ࣬ԸοģƵǿá
Ҳ˵ⲻһͬҲһ˹ܵѡ
ϧͨɣԴֻܷͬΪĶֻǴʱ仹磬Ҫˮ뷨ûѡöǧƵѡ
ڶμƷһѵ
ͨ尵ϣϣĻƣԵþ¶ӣϣһ˺ѲĿɷˮִ̨ﵽ˾磬Բɾüķ
޵ϹһλǿߵĲ˵λǿ۷ʱڣһӳ˲佫һɽһ룬ֻ߽һʹ˸ĵ
һɷϧʺȻ󣬵ûǧƵѴôֱԹǡ
¹ۿȥ
ʱһһֹȥϰټʽıǰۻӹֻ㿴һ۱ֻмͣһ²ϸۿԱߵĽܡ
Ȼ۾һһ
˵һʵʮƷܺͣһСС죬ֳȻɫÿһɫ棬ɫһʮ档
ʮСС֮УһֻССɫԲ̣Բ֮ϣСףͬǶҫҹա
ԱߵĽܱһ
ɷ󣬾֮ɷ֮κһ룬׹Уǧɷ֮Ͻɱֱƣڷ
˳԰˰ټǰһλʦ֣֮˶棬żȻ빬Уһλʥղأꡣ
ļ飬ٿʮСС죬Լ֮Уƺ岼ɱɫԲ̣һ
Լ֮ǰոϣ¹һħ𾧿ĿȨȻ˵Ѿǲһͷ󷨣ţڱΣΪͷ
Ͼᣬɲ󷽵óһĶ죬ΪһѾǵĻ𾧿
һõɷ죬ȥʩ֮һڣǴħ𾧿ĹǷ٣ֻûмܴýȥ
ħؿĵмƻãĵףħ𾧿İȫʵͦӵģȻҲҪûе֮ǰκ⣬Ḻ
˿󲢲һ֣˷֣Ȼתᡣ
˵ŵ֮˵淢Ѫģ֤й¶ᣬҲΪܣ˶ӣﶯģһ򣬾һ
ԷûķģֻۣԼˣĻ죬밵ͼħ𾧿棬ڳְ֮ȥᣬⶼǲܵ顣
˲⣬޷ġ
Ϊħ𾧿Ҫţʧԣɷ죬ֵǡúôʱڡ
νɷеʮĿ֮һ£ǣɱ
ɷʮĿǣֻɷΪԲɷ
ҲˣһǶӦһö죬Ÿպʮ졣
ʦͨƵºӴ֮УǿһУ΢ʦ
еǿգҫһ˿Ϊһ˿棬ҪģֻеʮĿš
ҲǶӦɷʮĿǣ΢̫ͬꡢ츮̫̰ǡšࡢɷƾ
ʮĿǣֱеʮλеǣǣǣʹ̵ҪʣӰΪˡ
ɷΪȻɱǿУһ壬ܡ
ԣֻһ˼֮ԥһ֣䵽ˮ֮ϣȥ
һ̣ꡱˮ֮ϣѣһ֣ͽʮС죬ԼֻɫԲ̣ҲɷҪ֮ɷʽѡһƷ
ҪѰҪĵڶƷˡ


933 ħʥ
ȥһûãֿһǰһ֮
һűƿ໨Ƶ򣬺ƽ棬ΧĻƣȴ·һּ侫µĸо
ҪĲЩźɫԲ򣬼ʹˮ֣Ҳɴһֿµĸо֪Σա
ǣ
Ŀ⳯ȥ䵽ܱ֮ϣܿ죬֪˴Ϊɵһ
ħʥഫԶţ׻ڵһλʦżȻƳƷţϣʣһš
ŴƷһըӵлصǷǿߣ⧲߾Ե͵£пըˡ
ΨһźΪһƷ꼴ûұը֮ʱֵңίãǺ˺ѡ
ը˷ǿߵ
ϵݣҲзˡ
֪жǿ󣬱˵ըˣͨƷܶһ˺㲻
ܶʱʤѩ֣һе֮ӣӵдμƷĶһλһսԷķƲˡ
ǲࡣ
ħʥ򣬱ըȴըһλˣ󣬿
ȻֻһƷҪԴ
ˣΣͷҲܾһҪʵֵԶ
ʵüֵһμƷΪμƷǺõߵʵﲻκȴΣʱѵı֮
ԣȻֻ֪ʹһΣ޵ӿз֮ࡣ
ºҪǰţȡԼƵ컯δزʲô⡣
ǵʱӵһħʥĵҲӦһ𳬳ѰΣա
ǹʣûԥȻ֪϶дĶ﹩ѡ񣬵Ǻԥһ֣¡
˲䣬ˮ̨ķӦƣһ֣ǿħʥȡ˳õУ˼ۡ
õУ£ȫһһԵƷ
ֻϸڵ֮ϣһɻϢ֪ܱըıԴССһźɫԲȴǿ߶ըˣһֳֻװ벽ͻֱӱըʬ޴棬ҷ
ǹʣȻҴ⣬ϸƬ̣ȷûܵײǲԶ֮СͳһУС
ڽܣֵޣԼƽʱЯɵĳԷһ
һ֮Žջش䣬̲סһ
ﾡ꣬ûһǱ֮࣬ȴΪ⣬ҲɴٿֱӻͷǱɻѡʤѩ˻ֵ֣һȥſڵ㡣
ѡˣ
ʤѩԣعͷЩʵ
˵ͷˡ
˵꣬Ҳֱͣ˳ȥؿſڵȴʤѩ
ûãʤѩҲ˶һۣδѯʶԷѡһЦ֮󣬾͸Աָλ̣漴£߳ʹصջ
صջ֮óؿȡϸһᣬСջвǸϹɷ󣬲ط̫Сûгɹ
Ҳɥ֪һǻԣҲΪԼֶλ
ǳƷ죬Լһ󷨻ˣԼͽøֲȥ췽ҹ̷
ֹѾƺõ츨ԼֻҪ׼λȥãзȻҪԭࡣ
Ҳ죬̱һ㲼ԭЩϣҪвֶΣܲ󷨣Ʒ죬̣ȴʡȥʱ䣬⺺ԣȻǺ߸á
ʧ֮Ƭֱ̣ҹɫѹĿ˸ȴ˼µʱ䰲
ʱ䣬뿪ţع󣬹·㻨ȥһ£ͨڴ¡
ʦͻȻȥ֪٣׷Ѱңȴã٣ֹȥ¡
ʤѩһ·±ϣжߣĴħ̣ٻ¡
ôʱѾȥ˸£ھŸ£ҲûжԶˡ
һ֮ڣʱʵ޶࣬໹£ĸ²ͱнװ벽ǳڻǺ۷嶼ãڴ֮ǰҪﵽнװ벽
ڣΪոͻƳװ벽ûжã۷廹һξ룬Ҫ˵нװ벽ڡ
ԭٶȣûʲôգĸڣͻС硣
ڣϾ֥ԼʣһŵİƷϵԪȴоԵİգڣͻнװ벽ڡ
ֻºһ֮Լһ£ܲٽһʤ׷һ·ͻƵнװ벽ڣҲȫްա
һУҪһ£ԼǷлˡ
²Щʱ
ֻҪڣûинװ벽ܲ˵ģֻҪܴﵽ磬ʵѾҪԣܷһ̫ѹ
ڣǽ֮£ǰµħ𾧿ڵأĳ֤һʱˡ
ɹҲºֹͻнװ벽ڣ۷嶼ڻ¡
֤ʧܣҲʧһ·ʱ䣬ԼҪߣڴ·ҪԽһЩҲν
뵽⣬һȻһ֣жʱһöɫơ
ƣǿħ𾧿ơ
ħ𾧿ĵַдһֽӡһľУһ۾ֻȥַ˵Լ߲㣬ֻһ֪ˡ
뵽ˣԺжʱֵǸԼǷªĵͼ
Ұϵ棡


934 ǰҹ
ʮһ֣ǵдľСֽݡ
ȻԣϵͼȴҵǴص㡣
Ұϵ֣һĻϢΪü
Ȼûһƾ֣֪Ǵħ𾧿֮أֻ²Ѱĵطһδؽȥ
Ҳλִ˿ɢޣԸԼ˿ɣᣬֽóҪԭ
ΪпܣǴɲףֱ׶ˣȻˡ
ϾϸˮҪԶһԵø׬Ǯ
һȴ⣬ͨ˽Ҳ濿׬Ǯд㡣෴ƣܷأչأԱ˷ֺʹš
һ¡
ĿǰǰϵʱߣһЩСҪ
ĿֻǶеɫƿ˼ۣ漴һֽ֣ȴԥĵ
ʥٵҲһ䣬˵Ľѵ֣ʤѩǵĿıѴﵽ֮ԻȥΪʦΪʹ֮Уʥ
ʤѩϣʥʴ£ԵֵаħʥٵĴϲӣ˲ʾ¡أǣж£ʷᡣ
ټϻС˾԰ǻԼٹٸϣº׾ͱʥʴӦϾÒ
һλλ߶ԣʲôԼһٵȴܱж£м㣬ԶǣʷĶ
ԣʤѩԣȻʥ⣬ⲻʤѩ󣬶ӭĺôϲ˼ֱӴӦ
ʤѩִǰΣּųʮϵﷸ
ڴ£ȻԸ֣һΣг֣Ͼ֪ԭ򣬶ⱾҲһ£Ȼʥʺôϲ˼֣Ͼ
ҲóԷԣÿԼʱʱ̫нװ벽˼̫Щûʧ㱡
Ż˼ңӦʤѩǸµʱðֵΣС
ǣȻҲΪʥ޸Ĺ׼Һ˼󡣶ʥֵ鼫֮ʱȫ̴ӦһֱӽϾ֮λи
Ȼ֮λӦõġ
ǰĶ塰ϺϴĨɱĴڣԼ̳λ֮λѱõĻҪȵգ
޵ˣλѲںʱҲֻ޸Ĺ׼ݵ󣬶ڼ̳λ֮£ȴһδᡣ
ȻʥʴͶҲʲô£֮λϾ֮ǰƴһõҫҲûбҪ˷
ûдλҲʲôȱʧ̳֮λҲʲôӰ죬Ҳ׻ʳ
ҲþֱܾĬ
ˣ̳֮λȻҪһʽ£ΪͬŵλүѪಡ˾ͽ˵ԾУһְ졣
ٵ֮׼Ҫ뾩ǰ߹صġѪΪ׼ʱ䣬Ȼþܾ
ںԼͬΪ֮һλүҲһиУЩԼҲ֪ӺΰҲ͵ͷӦ
ĹҲҪʱ䣬ɨͬҪһչ
ԣĵ֮Լ֮񣬱պȵټ뿪ȥ޾ʥҲ֪޵ˣһүݶԼġ
ԣʤѩĵڿջһħٸԼתϵԴﵽˮƽ⣬ˮԴȴպĵ䡣
ʤѩȴм죬֪æЩʲôԻصջ֮УҲ֪ȥ
Ϊһоʹƽƽֻ֮󣬵Լĸףͻ뿪ǰķϵ棬ħ𾧿֮ȱչأнװ벽֮
󣬱ǰţȡԼǴƷ컯
룬ڶնûһҹǣͱһµ¼Ӱʳ½޻ʹ˽٣
޽٣֮ңƿƪ¡

ҹУţƻ
Ƕ֮أȻһƬռعľ޴ׯ԰ļѾãׯ԰˴Ӳ¶棬ʹϢ֮ͨҲ鲻ׯ԰˵κϢ
̰ͼ˵λõس̼֣ᰵȡ뾡һа취뽫ׯ԰ΪУвıׯ԰ˣնһһ汩С
꣬˵رϷ֮ΪׯسҲٰ򵽴˵ˡ
Щаˣ¾ǹΪ׹ݣ޵֮ˣ޲⣬³ҡ
Ȼ˭Ҳûϵһҹ˳֮ΪׯĵصףһƬʮ־޴Ŀشȴһľۻᣬٿ


935 ħ
ׯصףȻ˿ٳһƬ޴۶ش·ʯ£һɭ岼ޱȹܵĸо
Ҫǣ۶֮УŸɭĹâ޺죬˲
۶ؽ룬һΪٳѪأѪģѪγһɲ
Ѫ룬аʯ̨˿ʯ̨ϣȴʯ̨һŸ죬ȴϢǿĴڳ֡
ʯ̨԰֮УֱΪǬ㡢ޡ롢ңˣҲ԰ԷλĿƺڵȴʲô
ʱֵˣֱλλԼλλĴλ
λ֮ϣǣȻһɫۣߵˣȻռʹ֮Уʤѩ˵ȡȺġ˾졣
壬ƣȥʥ֮⣬ȴǷ֮׵ĵһ֣ƹܼ˾ǰơ
˭Ҳû뵽ʹ֮Уһ֮£֮ϡ
ҹ䣬ȴֵسɭصףԣݣڰʯ̨֮Уֻ£϶㲻ϡ
λ֮ˣģһ׹õѪ磬ֻһۣòͷƤ顣
Σ˫ᣬ״ħĹˣ֮䣬ȡ߶Զ޹ħݹħԶ졣
һſκ˶Ҵײκ¶˽ҹƺҲ֪أѵõı࣬һﲻĬϣдڴķ
ޣǱˣҲħƺֵĺɮʥ۵ƣ°˴󶥼֮һҲ֪Ϊǿߣµһˣס֣ʦӡ
䣬µֱɮѾ޼ҼʹҲ˻򲡣ģûмˡ
ʣʥƣ֮һһޱޱȿ֡
ϵϢϴβμħƺ֮ᣬǿ˼֣һ֣ϣҲֳڴ֮ɫͬڵȴʲôĿʼ
£۰һմҹȴͬʱۼһׯ԰ĵ£ıۻᣬȴûдκηı֮£ضˡ
ڴ֮£ض
һƬĬ֮ʱ̷λλλǬλͬʱǿߣͬʱ
λ֮ڷ˳Ӱ˴ԼȻһˡ
֮λۣ֮ͷߣӺţͬһλߡ
λ֮һ£޴ִһöָϴɫߣһ񽣴
Ǭλ֮۽ڣ棬ϣֻһ֣·۶ȫǱ߻۵ĸо
ͷһξ۵룬õˣ㲻ɵóһ
Уλ֮ݹħԶ죬ǲɾʲôѵһĻħҲٻôѵѵã
˵ǵľȺͻɵı飬ΪԸ˵ĻȴһЩ̣λվڵħλ֮ϵİˣתͷһۡ
Ŷԭ֣ôĳżȱϯһ»飬ֺô
˵仰ʱȻһɾ춯أĿֲϢȻɢλʯ̨֮ݹħԶ졣
ԶȻҲ㶥֣һΪɲ⣬ڴʱ԰ɢϢȴȻ˫ϥһǡžաһҲվסͨһڵأ¶ɫ
֪ãæ࿹ǹȴԽԽǿԽԽǿѹʹ򵹣ɲϾƤ֮϶ǡƺҪʱѵһЩëУ̲סѪ
ԺУֻо¡¡һͷˣʶ磬գڴʱСһֻϡ
ôôǿ󣿡
֪ԼԴǣŭλħݹħԶڲ
Ϊǿٸߣװ벽ķǵ
λ˵ǰûκηĳӤ·ԷֻҪټǿһϢ˲ܽѹͬѹһֻ΢Ƥ
ֻǣҹҪħǰΪԷƼ֣ǰһȴû뵽Էأû˷
ʹǬλħڴˣҲ˿ں˵žͷţֹԡݹħԶһˣನҲȫС
ˣͬɻȻɫ䣬ʹΪɲǬλħλħȻüͷһ壬ò˹࿹
ʹˣˣҲ۷׷׹Ķ޷ɫƳħƣײķѹ
۶Ǿ˵ǣλħƹҲʤ㡣
һĻУ㲻ɺȻ


936 ھʤѩ
˱ϾʮֲǺܿסƣ漴һۣͬʱһ˹
䣡
ʮӴƣͬʱ𣬺Ȼһײڽ˷Ȼƻʯ̨֮ϵġݹħԶŵõš
ˣǰ֮ǰƣǻ
ղȫԿѹ֮ʱʲôʱһɣʱɡۡһһںѪɫή٣Ҳκβ
˵ƱضħϻˣҲǲɳһʹĵʯ̨֮λڷ˳Ůӣ಻Ȼǡ
һ˿ѪǱĨȥ
ˣ˸Ϊңƽ棬ֻһ˲ͬʱɢɫЩήңϾǳˣԻĿ˹ͳҩУźܿסơ
ˡ
Ļħλ۽ˣ۾в¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʯ̨֮λˣҹħŵҪӣ㻹ǿһЩҪѴ˵ص̽ħ
ٺ١
ħôħҲλˣ۾û¶˿ɫ俴һȻ˹Ϣˣ漴ҲΪ⣬ЦҲãȻǬڣ㿪ʼɣ
Ǭ磬ɽˮ
ǰħڵĲͬƺֱ԰Լ֮Ϊȴ֪
ʱ˿̣λħҲеħȴڲ⣬ֱӱԼʯ̨֮ϣУȴû¶˿֮ɫ
ȻλħʵݣԼ˶֪֮꣬ô֪ͨ̽ÿµľǶԷûأ߸ǲмء
ħȵħպã¼һμʮǰߺ֮һߺ֮ף롰
ţʱһս£Ϊߺ֮ףȴڲ֮Ī֪٣ʱѳ˾һħ
һսպ̫ϳϡһս¶ʵǾˣһĪ粨
ֱؾѻˣٴݣħڵĴ󲿷ˣ಻֪ȥֻһ֪
ҹħٻᣬλħȻ֣һ֣죬˷֮ϵĵһڶħˡ
ˣʹٲޣٲʣȴҲҰô
Ϊܿʱ
Ķ֮ҲǡݹħԶ죬ȻҲǶװ벽֮꣬Ϊˣڱǰһ޼ɵǰȴһֻ϶㲻ϡ
ǲࡣ
˴ħٴλۣ˵ݣѾ֪ϤǾǵħպãħ˾죬ħ󡰿ݹħԶ죬Լߣڰλħɽɮʥˮ۵ơ
ԭɮʥ磬֮츳ˣڶħ˵Ľμ룬ħǿ𣬽չ¶˷ͬһʵԼ̣ǵӦµ
ԭڰħҲǵˣ˵ڶ
ʥŵߡ
ŵڰˡ
Ȼ˵ǵʵͲ֮ϵġݹħԶ죬ԭ
ԵĿǰΪֹ˴ħ֮УֻһǬ֮ߣڶĵ֮ˣĵ֮ڷ˳ŮӣԲ֪֪ˡ
ʣѾ¶ʵݣȻһλڣ¼ҵϴպһȣķֻڵǬ֮ϣҲֻѷһɼǵĲ
ˣҶ룬Ҳʽʼˣ
Ǭ֮ĿɨһˣûԽݵ뷨ǵȴƬ̣ȷ˶ָ˹ʹûȫָٶ˿˵Ҳӣֱӿڵ
ԣۣĿµڵһλǬ֮ˣȴļָʾ
Ǭ֮Ŀ֮պõϣ΢ЦΣһΪϲϣû뵽ջǰǸˣҲȡ˺Ҫĳɹ׼ʱϻأϲɺءħأ֪ϢضһǴ󹦡
Ǻǣ
˲֪Ǭָ֮ʲôպȴ֪Ҳή΢ЦҲѡ
˵ÿ˭óеͽ˲ɸִеĵʲôΪʲôħ涼ӣҪظһ
˽Դ̽˻ܣµȻ֪û˿ڶʣǼȴǬָ֮ʾ
Ȼ
Ǭ֮Ҳûڴ϶˵˵˻֮󣬻һתֵشҶ֪Ϊ¡
û˰ڱ֮Ҳȡ˽ħһߣҲҪһƷôãǱ˼ʮСд˳ɹϲɺء
棬Ǳ󹦳ԭ£ͨʹȱʧĵھħʤѩ
ŻƣʱУ߳һλʤѩӰһϮۣ㳾Ⱦɳһ°˪
䲻Ǳˣռ仹ʹܲ⣬ǰؿ⣬ȡýصջŷֿõġʤѩ˭
ʵݣȻħȴµĵһʹߣͨʹʲô񣬽ΪھϢڴˣ֪һޱȡ
ʲôҪ
ΣڽɣǷʹеһĻĻйأ
ң˵ھǵʯ׿ӣնɱϵõһʲƸԸպóֿȱڣȴʤѩϡ
ħȣ˴ħʮÿһʵˣ죬û뵽ʤѩһ󱲣ȻΪеʮ֮һݣ֮պΪħȰ˴ħ֮һͬ𾪣ϧ
ʲôʱ룬һֱߣΪ£ʲôܣ


937 ϣ
ϧʱڴ˵أȻ϶𾪵Ըӣ̶еƭͺڣʹࡣ
ҲûпһĻʱ˰ƽ͵ľ
ֻȻʤѩʾĿѾﵽһգҪʱʤѩҲزˡ
֪һУ֪θ룿
ʤѩ˵غȴûж˵ʲôֻǾվѪԣգһﲻֻǾĬصȴš
Ͽʲôɫˣģô߹°һˣʱȴٳ࣬ڰû
һϮ֮ϣƺҲӳĳһĨѪɫѪȾЩ졣
ʯ̨ϣڿʤѩıвͬ
Щ֪⣬֮УԱ鵭ȻҲеĸ֪£û뵽һһþŴ콾֮һĽ𣬾ȻҲ֯ˣһΪ
Щ˱𾪺ɻ󣬻вš
һСˣȻʤѩҲͬԸ𾪣ȴûʲô仯²ѣһ˵ı顣
飬˼Σʣʤѩһ󱲣ȻлμҪĻ飬ǰħͬУû¶˿ɫ֪񾭴кη塣
ˣɵöˣ߿һۣжۣϼ֡
״Ǭ֮ɫ䣬˵ıֿУ飬һ֣ڵˣһҲˣǽյĻ飬ʽʼɣ
⣬˵һ£
˵꣬תͷԼ·ʯ̨֮ϵĵˣڻ˵
á
֮Ҳλˣվڵ⣬ŴҶ֪֪ҲΪνҹȺڴˡ
ûǵǧƣһ׷󣬶ڽҹλ֮С
⣺ư󣬽ȥ˽̣£һͳ䣡
¡
˶̶һףڲһ𾪵ԸӣΪЩ˾㶼ˡ
û뵽˿˵ȴ˵Ȼ⼸ħԼʤѩԣɫ䣬ƺ֪
ˣǬ֮ɣ
˵꣬λˣһ㳯׵Ǭ֮˵
ܺã
״ߣҲǰħһˣǬ֮ͬվһӣʱǰУȻƯżƷ
żƷа˼һҳƤᣬһЩļм˼еʯ飬ͬ
һȻһɢǿҽĲý顣
µ֮ҳ飡
Ȼ֪Ϊ˲ǵһμһοԲɵ΢㣬޲ٿϸһ㡣
ȻʹݣƷҲӵױȵ˵ջ
˼ǾƷƺǼ֮
Ȼ
ߣǬ֮һָǰ˼ƯڿеҳῪڵ˼Ʒһŷӡʥı֮һȡһɣư˱ͷųʥʱˣ
һתȻԭƵħ棬ʥ棬Ȼһһдһˡ
µʱ١
ԣˣҲ㲻ɫһ̺࣬һԵʤѩҲɫ΢䣬һϸ΢ı仯
ˣһ֣ңңһУƯһȡߣϸĶ˰ΣţȻģԼУǬ֮
Ǭ֮ŰУʣҳ飬Լһżڱ֮ҳҲɵȻһЦһ֣Ʒ¸ץС
ˣϣǸʱȷԼصĽ֮һлھָƣ½ʥ֮ʱ˾ְͬʱƽӦİڱһٳɹʧ
ǣ
ŴԣˣҲ֪¹ش󣬲ЦʹһŲκ˷ġպãԼзԣıġݹħԶ죬Ҳɵɫһ࣬Ӧ
˶֪һɹǴʲôһʧܣȺǵʲô
ɹΪʥӣ𷨵ڣߵ׾Ҳ̸ʧܣǵȴǵģȫ֮˵׷ɱ޾Ѱ£ǵ֮أǧ
ɣΪһͳ֮ҫǰ·ޣ
ܣ·֮ȮӲգԺֻںڰС
ʱǬ֮ſʤѩĿУҲɴһ˿ͣһ˿͡
ǴҪִΨд֮ϵƳʹⱦʥѹһԽ⣬˴ơ
ǡ
ԣʤѩͷһ֣жһö糤һСںХռʹ֮УʥʴµȺ
˭Ҳû뵽ȺΪʥʴ£ǧеԨطǽ⿪ʳħҪ
״һѾ׼ϣߣҲǬ̲֮ס־緢˵ܺã˴һɹҶʥ湦ѫϣºһʡʱйѫɶһԼҪ֮ƷţƷģֱӦоУ
ڽڱ֮㹻ֶΣԼץһȫУϽԣһ׼ڽգҶȥ׼ɣ
ʱ֮󣬳ʹʥ棬ϯ£
ǣ
Ŵԣɫ죬һΪļˣҲˡ
ħ棬ȻҪƳѹİ˴˴һ⣬س֮ͣȫԳûץȡ䵽Уǿǻʵıֵ
Ǭ֮Ҳ˵ˣ˭ֵľ˭ģϽȻðˣ޲ĶʤѩҲӹһ˿һŵĿֲâ
漴˸ɢȥһСңоȷһʧʱ佥ȥʱһš


938 У
Լʱ̵ׯصף֮ܶУѪ֮ϣżʯңͬһʱ򿪡
漴о͸ȷһʧľˣٴξ룬ÿȫһƵĺۣ滹ŶñҲһںڰС
߰ɣ
Ϊ׵Ǭ֮֮ϣ½һССͼǱǻϵı־ɨһˣȴͷܶصףһ˴δĵطȥ
˼״ҲĬһﲻֻǾظӰǱȥ
Ƭ֮һ¿쳣ʯǰǬ֮һ֣һģǣʱʯѣʯ䣬澹Ȼ¶һͰСɵš
֮ϣŷͼǬ֮ϰŪ£źȻȻ¶һڰļŵʯ
ǣ
¶֮ɫ̲סʵ
Ǭ֮ԣͣһ£Żͷ¶һ˿ɫȻش𣺡ʱһ꣬ľŴͨģһֱͨʹص׵ĺڰͨ
˻
Ŵԣλ֪ûʲô飬ˣǲһ̶ֶħȵеȿֲһеֶ˼ְա
Ҫ֪ͨһͨףͨһֱͨʹص׵ͨȴ¡
֪ʹʲôط˵ܣػɭ֮Ҳˡ
ǿлǵصףĽƱƽ˵صͨȥһֻӣòɲֽΧס
ԣԸ⣬ȫֹһߣǿдƣûеڶ;ʹ
ڣȻʹƤ£ϢڳһͨҪôоָ㣬ĳ˲ذ취Ҫôʳ֮Уħȵļϸ
룬ϸȻǡ˾죬ʳʥ֮ʵǿ󣬵λ֮ˡ
ҲϾʹλ˾˾ĿƷΧԣֻǰߡ
ĳ֪˵İ취ӲƳһСĽƣʧЧǬ֮ڳ
Σڳǻʹ࣬Ҳᾪ̫ˣɹļʴ
˳Ĭţû˵һһǬ֮ǰȥ
磬ضȻԵĺҹ
ղѾҹĴһƬڰϾ¹ƹ⡣
ʱƺȻᣬͣ¹ƹⶼޣһųǣѸٳޱǱȥ
ԭӦǧǳ֮ҫ۵ޱǣѸӼԻͣҡҡ׹Ȼֻ˲һϢʱ䡣
һĻɢ½һЩ֣޲ɫǿżľǣͷеһɼֲΣ
Ȼǧ㣬ܣȴ˭ҲƲⲻʲô飬ֻ֪ؽ䣬һݵĿ±꣬Ϯ

ǵصףҲ֪˶ʱħһˣڣһƬɢ޴Ļǰ
ĻʹĵصףҲħĽڡ
˿̣Ӧñʹ󣬾ȻȱݣüѪɫʯͨΧȻѹסһСƬķĻ˺һССȱڣպÿһ˽롣
ٺ١
Ļ༸ˣµıЩǬ֮ȱڵȴһ˿ȣЦ˼ͷ룬ֱӼĻ֮У漴ʧ
״˶һۣٲͬʱϣܿʧ˹Ļ֮С
Ƭ̣ͨʧһ޴ĵ硣
磬ͨͨԻͣȫӦûŵĵصףƺϷʹС棬ֻǸӾƸӿ¡
һͭķλγһΣƺޣ̺ѹ֮⡣
Щͭ룬һ޴ף֮ϣܲ飬֮壬֮ۻģÿһ֮У޾⻪˸ƺ̺ؼ£ľ
֮ϵķģֻһؽƣҪĽƣȴƯڽϿգԷλſİ˼ÿһʣɢļ£Ǿеķǿߣ಻ɸеݵϢ
˼ֱһѶᾡ컯ɫŵһɫ٣ҳƣĽɫҳһѻڣа˸ǵĹŴһ׹Уյľɽһֻת޾ĳɫŶԼһɫħͷħɭɭаȣԼһѽǳݳĽɫųߡ
ǰڱ
һĻ˵¹ȺħȰ˴ħԼʤѩһˣ޲ͫ׶Ϣ٣Щ˸Ͳסֱð̰â
½ţڣȴֻǧꡣ
˴ţ˳Ƶģǵİ˴Լ˴Ҫȴûۼ˴ŵԼллԽӴİ˴ڱ
ڱ飬ڱ컯ڱŪ׺٣칤ɽڱ̹ŴڱɱڱаɽڱаȣԼ¥ڱħߡ
˴ÿһĶ컯ҲǱɫŵԼڵڱɱҲǱ޾׹ΧƣĿľɽаɽǱɫȣ칤ɽĺɫ޴ļɢϢΪˡ
ΪڵıֻƷڣӵеıȴƷƷϡ
ڵڱǡǡǰڵһǰ˼ΨһƷԲܷô˵ķâ
ǽİâԴ̵۾Զȥܸܵһɱصľɱѹþʵ˼ˣ޲ɵɫһףŵŵš˼۵һ³һѪ
ðˣ޲Ȼ
֮ǵһ˹
⻹û˴߶£˴߶жǿ
һĻ˲ûĿƣڴ


939 £
뵽ǰЩǰ˴ţ֮µĴڣһеУжǿʵǵķжߣ
Ǿ֮еĵһˣǬ֮ǰǰ˴ҲĿ˸Ųһɫ
ˣ
֣ټߣָڽϿյǰ˼˵˾Ϊڷӡʥİ˼¸԰ȡõܾ⣬ƿϼӳֵĽƣԶߣܲץסץסһȫԼ˵ıˣ
ڴ֮ǰҪ֮£ȴǽʥ棬̰ͼڽ֮ʱȫֱӿӱ˽֮ʱ˭¶ɲҪϷ飡
Ȼ
Ǭ֮Ŀ˸òЦŻش
պãʤѩȣȴûκα飬ȻȻƣҲԳǴʱ
٣
״Ǭ֮һЦعͷȥǷ·ǳһеĹɵĴЦ֪ܣʹĽʦָģӦͼ飬Ӧޣһ壬
ֻ֪󣬲ֹˣܻиһͭ洩ǳۣռ½ˣػʹ
ǧ֮УоžŰʮһۣЩۣһͭԿϹƣһ飬ΪһС飻Сһһ󣬲ʹµ󡣡
û֪ʹʵһͱʹԴˣټԴԴˣǧ⣬ĸԴѹʥð˴֮ء
ֻҪʳڲԶ޷ƳԣҪʥӲ϶ǲеģҪҪôʳҪôֻҪȡѴ󷨣
ЦʥʣΪԼӢ䣬ΪֻҪһɴ£ǧţȴ֪ԾĹĿʼ
ˣʼɣݷλ׼⣻ͬʱ
˵Ǭ֮Ȼתͷһˣʤѩָָ˼룬һɫƾƺʥּĶǾҲΪдĴڣܽʹԼʳĹ⣬ȫӳϣʥö˴Ǹ֮ѣ
ǽⱦ֮ʱҪеĽƣſѹƣټϰ˴һƣʥԽ⣡
ǣ
ԣʤѩĿ˸£漴ȻӦǣʲôҲû˵ͳģȴ˵Ŀʼ
״ˣҲٲҵԼӦı·ȻĬ˿ھǬָ֮
һһ۵Ǭ֮֮վ֮·Ŀ⳯еĶ˼֮󣬺ȻȻһ֣Ȼ೶ԼеŶ飬˾Ȼһ͡
ʱиӦĶȻһ𣬽š
˳ڴ׼ŰտھͬʱⱦץȡʱһĻˡ
УϽŵ飬ȻаҳһžһȻѸȼգСϵĽѸ
ĿɿڴԵıУǰҳ飬ܿ컯ΪһѻҽյӰ٣ֻҳ飬漴Ҳһ˻Ǭ֮С
ǣ
˻⣬Ϊ׵Ǭ֮ԼȥǰҳĶ飬ٿѾȥһİ˴Ȼ޺һ֣ǼٵģǱƭˣʥӡֻ۷
ٵģôܣ
ʹˣֿܣҲû뵽󣬾ȻҲǼٵġ
Ǭ֮˵Ǽٵģ߼ҲǼٵģ
ɢǿĲν⣿
һۣˣȻͬʱһ֣һǿϿյǼȥ
ǳֵģҲʹμƷԼƷѣǶıΣ
ȴȻ෴
ǼֱӺһײɢâײ߼֮ȻѣΪɫĹâɢ
ȻˣǼٵ󷨣˼ҲȫǼٵģ˸ˣİ˼ϵһѹӡ˰˼αװϣܵƭѣ
Ǽٵģİ˴Լӡʥĵط
һʱˣȸзŭͷǿɻ
ȻĸˣҲгһգǰħ棬ȴڰֻûôҵ


940 Ǻɽ
Ȼûô򵥣
üȴɼ侲Ȼ뵽ħش£ô򵥣
ӡħˣħ궼ֳϰٷݣ˴ŸԴߣӡʹصף򵥵Ѱ⿪ǾͲˡ
ֻ˵ףµͷԲŭ
ܿ죬ֲתһ롣
ȻһжǼٵģħӡ֮ħǼٵģ˴ҲǼٵģҲǼٵģһжǹʲ
ƫƫǰ˴ϳһѹˣİ˴ڴˣֽΣ
뵽˴ٴλȣղš
Ͻңֿң
Ǭ֮Ҳ뵽£ĿһȻһ֣
俪ڣţʥӡ֮أ̫ԶȻ޷ʹȻԼȻĴ󣬿϶˲Զֻʱûѣ
ң
˵һ٣ǹﲼµ󣬰˴α٣϶ϷʹϽѰ⿪ӡʥһǵ鷳ʹˡ
ʱ룬ٶѰң
ǣ
ԣˣҲ׷׷Ӧ׷ɢ˷ȥѰ˿
Ǭ֮״Ŀ˸£ȻҲɵţͬǰȥжһ·ɵָ̣ڲ
Ѱ̣
аߣʥʣҲ㱾£ʲ󣬵ֹǶأ
дڣѰ̣һյʱ֣Ǳܷķӡ֮ء
ϣһִ֣óһīСӣ򿪣Ȼһ·ָϸɫë
ĳʲôµһëȴʳָȻ⻪Ծ쵽һǿɲϢ
⾹Ȼħ浱ս֮ʱһëȴû뵽ȻܱǬ֮õʱóѰ֮ϣ˲䣬Ѱ̹âǣָٵתÿӰ
Ƭ֮ѰٿȻһ漴ָ볯򣬲תȴأԶѡ
ҵˣ
״Ǭ֮ȻһЦֱӷٻذˣֱ̣ӳǰ·жȥ
ಣ
Ȼǰֵʯոտʯжʱļʸÿһʸ糤ì˸ŴĿ⣬ι˾綾
˵ͨˣЩߣǿߣһмìûп£ֻҲҪ˲ˡ
ҿǰļˣͨˣ񣬴糤ìĳ䣬Ѿ˲侪漴ҪôˣҪôֱӳ֣䣬ƣгĳì䡣
Ƭ֮ʯ֮޳ìǬ֮һߣСƾҲ赲ǵļƻô
䣬ٴγʯȥһΣȴκ쳣
ⲻǵһѡ
߲߲ʯȻȻݣðܵĻ⣬һ˲ˡ
¿ʱȴ֮£һ޴Ŀն׺ȻһĻͺȼױƷֻҪ˲Ǽʯ壬ʯݣеװ˲䷢ףȫȼգµĳͿֲ溣ɡ
ߣ
״ǰǬ֮ȻһߣȻһ֡
֣
һֻ֣ȻǴ󣬾Ȼڶ̶Ϣ䣬ȴСȻһȣһɿµɫʱص»ûгȼտδγɾ޴ըĻ棬Ȼһ˲ѹ
ǶܱߵʯڣɷǼƺҪһѹѣɼǬ֮һƵĿ¡
Ϩ𣬻һǽھסˣֱǰȥ
֪Ǭֱ֮ʣˣм˲˿ڿˮ溧Ȼһ𾪡
ʹͬħȣҲ˭⼸˵ʵ֪Ŷѣ֪Ǭ֮Ϊͨ죬пܣڡպ֮ϣʵ֣ȴǵһΡ
Сţ¶ɲΪ͹ϵĸֶΣ𾪡
༸ˣҲΪģͨӡ֮صʯԳֻذһǿĴǰ棬üġ
Ȼ·;ֻأʱ漰ذŹ󣬵Ǭ֮Ļ£ֻ˲һʱ䣬˾ͽ⣬߳ʯһ󣬸ĵ硣
֮ϣ㣬ɫʯ״緱ǵ㣬壬ϵһ㣬мʮš
ص֮£ΣģǺˮȻ
룬һ˸޾ĴǧӦǳӦɽӦ֮ϵѹһ߸Ǿħ
һѽ
ɽܼܼͷһëͨ˴ȴϸոǬ֮óǸǧ֮һС˵ġ
ħϴϿγħƣʹдѹƣĥɲԽԽ࣬γɿֲ
ϽɫϣڵأȻֻ˲ܱƣ˵ء
ǰľʱʹˣټʶ㣬ԼᶨҲһ˲ҡЩԳ֡
ʹһ򶨣ղŻΣǬ֮Ҳ˫ĿȻһ𼫴СС
·ǰһǰչ¶˳һ㷨Ϊ֮ǰȴ׺֮һһ


941 Զᱦ
Ľ֮ˣ
ʣȻǴ˵еİ˴
ֺɻΪ˵صȷֻȻ嫿£Ǵ˵˵صİ˴ŵȴһ
һԾ֪ˡ
ԣǬ֮һЦҲӴ˵شлعһڣֱӾһ֣ٴƯǰҳ飬Ͽһ

ҳ飬òý⣬ƣϸ߿գת
Ŀתǰҳ飬֪Ǭ֮ν⣿ֻˣв²⣬ҲȷֻסϢš
Ȼ
ƺӦʲôʢ֮һǿʮֹȻһ˸سǷȥ
˼״¶ʧæ׷ϣֻ׷һ룬Ͳͣ½Ų۾¶֮ɫ
ΪﵽϿպ󣬾ͲٷɶתһƬƬĽ⣬ڵһ鿴ƽǵش֮ϡ
ǣ鿴ƽǵشǰҳĽ֮£Ȼڻ¶Ÿʯ
ʯ룬ȻһСһɷԲСʯң
ʯ֮Ȼ򿪣Ҳɳòӽ⡣
һĶ飬ȻܵǬ֮ӳĶڰнţ۾Ҳκζƣ˵غȻһƬͣƺʥء
˾ȴƬ֮󣬽ʧǰģȻһҳĽɫҳҳ֮ϲķ֣洫֮ɼһĿĽӰΧ
󳪣Щ֮ǰУֻûд˿ôǲĽӰȴ³֣Ȼһ
ɹˣģ
һĻˣ޲ϲȻףһζһ϶Ǽٵġںһ֮Ķ飬ɢĿֲѹʹЩ½ǿߣ޲һеϢͣ彩Ӳȷϴ١
ַĴѰңţ˼ҲһֶͬΣڵ£
ǣ
Ǭ֮ķԸˣȻûһıΪ֪˶ĳٰվŹԵضλ߼ֻҪһʱ䣬Ȼһһ
Ȼ
Ǵ߶߼Ĵ߶֮ûãߴ֮ϣҲͬ춯֣漴һžƵʯ׷ÿŸʯм䣬պվһССҡ
֮Уһʧڱ
˴ʰ˸λƯھŸʯϿգмǵһ塣
ĽǽţЩϽһƺͬʱ֣ϵħø
ͬʱΪ˴ĸԸ֣룬һƾճ֣ƺԭԲ޾գֻе˴֣Ż֮ͬ֡
ƷһֻҵĽɫᣬ˾ʣʾӨ֮ɫԼǲҲĺġ
ʹ۶ˣʹǻ⸱֮ϣѹħ
ˣ
ڳˣģ
ʼɣ
Ǭ֮û¶֮ɫ˵Ļڵ
ǡ
ɫһݣ뵽ʱȷǸ˵ʱҵ˵ػһʱ䣬ڱֻһʱ䣬ٲץʹеĸֱضȺ۶ʱȻδؾ£鷳ȴǱضٲ˵ġ
Ҫٱ
˸ݷλվһʯм䣬ͷ֮ǰڱ
ʤѩ״ɫҲ£ֳɫ֣أ֮¡
֣
˾ѵ룬Ǭ֮ԥֱӿڣͬʱһ˫֣ʮָԼٶȣһµַϿյĶϣһ
飬ƺҪĲ֮ƣ׹С
ˣǬ֮Ѿ֣ȻҲ԰ԼõĽ֮ӡϿյı֮ϣϣܽƿ֣
һ֣ɫâͬʱ𣬽ϿƯİ˴ͬʱһҡϵķдӡӦƺҪӦǵָ׹С
ڴʱȻ䣬ƺڴ󱻴󣬡ˡһȻ
漴¿ռ䣬ɼ֮ǰزĽɫ˿ߣĽռЩɫ˿ߣ֯һŽɫƺǳɽӣ¡
˴ȻҪľŸ֮ϣΧĽɫ˿࣬żͬʱԴԴϵطַȹЩɫ˿ߣӹ̴
Щɫ˿֮߳ʱԭ˽ɹֶΣ˲ȫʧܣ⵽ɡ
ʵļˣʱܲסɵáۡһſһѪɫ԰ס
ٿرǴ˴ͬʱųһĿĹâƺƿأ³󣬷ѹˡ
µѹ·ɽ㸲ͬʱѹ£ʹʵзǿߣɿޱȵ֮ѹ£Ҳ·Ӥһ㣬һͬʱѪ⣬б֮С
ã
״Ϊ׵Ǭ֮òһҧ߶Ӵ˵ȶͷϵһ߲ɴ𣺡ʤѩˣ
ǡ
״վھм䣬֮£һµʤѩҲ˵ΣգԥȻеϿһӣͬʱ˫ʮָ·𷱻һһɫӡ֮ϣͬʱдһ⡱֡
˲䣬գΪ֮뵽Ǿɫľ֮ϡ
ɫ棬ʱһһϽɫĹϡ⡱֣漴ӦôҲܴ򿪵ĽɫᣬʱԶ̯תһһĿĽ⣬ΪһƪǧֵĽģ䣬ֱ
ѹһ˲䶸Ȼ߽⣬˴ʧȥ֧֮ţʱһܵĽͬʱһѹ
ʱ򣡡
״Ǭ֮һŭ뷢ţ̶ȵĴ߶ڵһɹϽɫĵԴ·ҪעϿյƷ֮С
ǶƺҪȴֿǹϽɫĵƬ֮ڲһΪһҳͨͨĽ飬ӿ׹䣬ּ䡣
Ǭ֮һץס飬ۣ̲סЦʹ۸ǣɼ˷ܷ񣬿ɼڵõرƷ飬ж˷ܡ
һĻˣͬʱۺ죬ҲӴԼͬʱٶ߽Ͽձķ֮ƿصԼС


942 ħ֣䣨һ
ҷ⣡
ű֮£ɮʥϴ߶ھϿյԲƺܵӦʱ۵λã
ɮʥ״ϲӼȵش߶ָϣŵڱԼӡΪԼ˽˱
ȻָʱʮϣƺǸܵЧ
԰˴Ľͬһʱʧʱòٿ֮Ȼʮּ򵥡
ǣָӡԼӡ֮ȴƺ֪˶⣬֮жʱһųĹâƺһССӤӰ
ŭУСֲϻʱܳϼʣһĿĺ⣬·д
£ͬɮʥʥ󾪣æ˹࿹ǳΣȴƫһƣٴһۿҪ١
ɮʥɫ󺧣Ҳ˲òݴ˶æһ¿ʹ˱ܿŶһ
ȻҲҵᣬȻһݣӤӰض֮УֱƿգΪһ⣬Զʧ
ɮʥԭأܿһ֮ŷӦһͷѾΪһ㣬ۿ֪׷ˣɫһһףûڽӣȴ޿κΡ
һߡ
ƷŪ׺֮£۵ʹֶΣʮָԾһڣĿ֮䡣
ͷϿգǷɫ٣ʱȻҲڿƣΧǵͺɮʥһ֮ͬջԼʱ䷢ˡ
Ū׺֮ϣȻһ죬粼˺ѣһӽ۵ƵĶĤ顣
漴Ū׺ڵعϿռתһɫĿ罫ֻһ˸ʹʧ
۵ƸϽס䣬عͷŪ׺ѾʧӰ٣һ࣬ɫڣȴûκΰ취
ȻЩԣôƿصġ
ʹѾ˰ڸԵĲٿ֮ٿ֮˵Ϊˡ
ʱǿƲٿһ»УҪ꣬ƿأȴô򵥵£пܼķ
һķͨҪɵһģοЩûдﵽĴڡ
ҪɹƿһҪôоʵǿѹƣҪôҪʱӦ飬һǼŻ˳Ϊߵר
˼֮У˴ǧ֪¹ؽƣרӡʱˣ˵ȫûпܣѶȺܴ
Ǭ֮֮׳ɹԭ
һΪʵǿȻûб¶Ϊ˶ΪǷϵĴڣȡȻʥƵࡣ
ҲһҪԭǾ֮ǰѾõµǰҳ飬ʱˣʹȻȻʹֶΣĥһЩµĽƣӡһ˿ԼϢ
㣬Ҳһ㣬Ǿǣ˿ϢȻδǰҳ飬һѹȴࡣ
һ벻ᷴһ룬ܵһӰ죬ҪƵģҲֻаҳѡ
߱һǣѶȻѰࡣ
ҲΪʲô֮ʱ˶µĶûԼѡȡ
ǲ룬ĵλʵòá
Ϊ˲ħһˣʸѡȡϵıаɽڱаȣ칤ɽڱ̹Ŵڱ컯ԼΨһƷɱ
⼸ÿһȻµĶҪǿҪȶ࣬һգ֮ҲԶǶɱȡ
ûУǿѡƫƫѡȡĶ飬ǲܣΪɹƿҳļʴö࣬Ҳࡣ
ʮ֣һ֡
ѡȡǼƷƷΪɹҲɣѡȡ飬߰˳ϵİճɹȡᣬȻԶ
ԣһñ飬ʥƵ˵Ķȡ֮·ȴ㶼ʧܣԸղŻ⵽ķɣܵǿͬһЩˡ
ȻЩ˲أҲû˵ǵĸҪȴǣԶʧȥѵõĶȡĻᡣ
Ǭ֮ʱ˲ˣԹԵеĶ飬ˣҲץʱ䣬ϧһдۣŬԼҪݵıԼӡ
Ʒ컯֮¡
һµĵ֮ɫȻ˫ϴһɫķӡ뵽ϿյĶ컯֮УȻ·ˮȻС
Ƭ̺󣬵֮һȻֳǱɫŵʱӡǬ֮ǵʥƣȫɫ䣬š
¾Ǭ֮ƾʵΪҲҶԣԼƷ컯ɹʲɣҼʹ˳ɹҲؼޱȡ
ڸոƷǰԱĺɮʥ۵ƾ͸˵ˣǣһ˿һĳɹʶûС
֮Ϊô׵õǶ컯Ҫ֪ǿڱ˴Ʒ֮һƷУҲУǰڱ֮Уӵļ֮һ
ҪӰ֮еĶ컯ǳǬ֮еĶ鲻֪١
˰Ȼͬʱֲüͷ壬Ժһ˲뵽¡
ǵ֮ʵԶǬ֮Բôףԭ
ԼʵΪŵǬ֮һͷų뷨һֲ뷨ѸԺ
һ˲䣬ȻǰֳֳԼĻ˵ˣһʱ侹еЩ֣̿һɼļɵͷ𣬱һ˿˿̹ǵĺ⡣


943 ħ֣䣨
˵Ļɵ߽ǰʱǬ֮µȴɶЦݣһеس˴кѣñ£Ķ컯֣ܵһ£ֻʵɱ˰ɣϷպ󣬶δ͵ܵĶˣ
˵۾Уǹάȴ⡣
Ǻǣֻǽһѣ
ԣѾ߽ߵĵ֮ЦţһǫӣƺǬ֮е˼
ֻǣ֮£֮ϣȴӹһ˿⣬Ϊڵû˿壬ԣⷬǸûŵġ
ȻҲûš
ٺ١
ԣǬ֮ٺЦû˵˾ʹ˼žԸ֣ۿ˵ձ
칤ɽڱ̹Ŵ֮¡
˾ոս⿪ӡûüԴԼӡ̹Ŵƺ֪ΣգʱԶðڹ⣬һ½ɡ
ڹ⣬·׷˾ɫ䣬ò˹࿹һ󶶶̹ŴҵյֱӻΪһڹâʧڵعϿղ
״˾ɫڣ޺һ㣬ڹɢ
̹ŴѾߣ׷Ѿˣ̹Ŵʧķ򣬰ûڲѣ̾ȴûκΰ취
¥ڱħ֮¡
ݹħԶҧħӿǴ߶˽ϽϢע뵽ͷħ֮УͼѹչС
Ϣһħߣͱһǿ󵽿µĽɫâס
ɫâ赲ĵ룬ҷݹħԶ赲סڡۡһ³һѪɫή٣˳ȥ㵱ħеķ֮ɱ
ͷһҧ⣬һɸǿڵ𣬲ǿסɷ֮ǽɫħߣѾಡһֱӷߣʧӰˡ

ݹħԶ쿴һĻ޺޵˦һ֣׷ȴΪ
аɽڱа֮¡
ڷ˳Ůӵֵʮ࣬ɫаȣһ⣬лƺͬʱ˹һɭɲϢ¿ռ䡣
ۿԼ֮Ҫаȳ׻˵ƿش˾˾Ͳˡ
ͷڷ˳Ůһҧԥһ˲͵شͳһСƿ򿪵һѪĵҩУϢǣһ˲侹Ȼڷ͵طһѽϿǱаץС
ץеаȼ練𶯣ǿֲλʱʵѾӽĶǿҲץסۿҪѡ
ʱһֱһԹ۵Ǭλħһۣ͵ͬʱ֣еĶͶ컯һɫаѹһ˲
һ˲Ĺ򣬺ڷ˳Ůץסᣬȣָ̧˲ŵӣҧһڡ
漴һκɫмһɷ֮Ѫ䵽еа֮ϡ
˲䣬ˡ
ɫѪҺһӴаȣȻȻ˽ȥûκ赲ϰ·аȾһֱڵȴѪһ㡣
ԭаϾɢаҵѪ룬˲ʧָƽУֵľһʮƽɫħͷȡ
ɹˣ
Ȼӡʲôط
Ѿʧܵĵʥƣ˾죬ݹħԶˣһĻ޲۾ɫѿ۾мҶʣȴǲ˼֮ɫ
ԭΪڳˣ֮༸ˣӦöһܳɹϾղԳԹ֪Ҫʱƿһжѡ
û뵽ڳ֮ĵ֮ɹõһһǰ˴еƷ֮һβۺ죿
뵽֮ĳɹԼͷγǵѪйأҪģǬλħͷԼյֵıһ֮ȻаѷߣĵȵõʩչֶΡ
ոձʧܣǬλħɶûгְæ˵ɭһЩһۣĬ
һʱЩ䡣
ʱڷ˳Ůȴ˲üˣոյ뾫Ѫǿеаһ˿΢ǿҡ
һ䳹ѪʧаԻߡ
ڵأطһֳаȣߵǬλħǰʮֳϿҵǵл˵һǽ֮лᣬк񱨡
ԣǬֻЦЦ֮ͣҳݡҲǷ㹻£ȻæҲûġ
ҲǰˣͬˣõһֱʵǣǽļƻҲһЩ
Դˣڷ˳ŮȻܣٴαʾ˸лϲεߵһߣеõа
һߣձʧܵĵʥƣ˾죬ݹħԶˣȴɵٴζһۣ۾һ˿֮ɫ
Լ˵˶ܻһǽʵǣȴûаԼˣֻĵ֮ϵԶһۿɼ
УһѺۡ
˲ħ֮Уһػʵǿ㶼ﵽӵзʵ
ˣѾֳûбʱǶǶ֣ڸ
ֻǾһ£нףڶԷУԼˣֻǴѣѣպлᣬδزһŰԼ߿Ӧñȡůǡ
ֵħĹؽʱ̣ȻʱӣֻǸĬؽԼ뷨ȴһﲻֻһˡ
ʧܣ˳ɹֻʣһˣպá
ͷϿƯģǰڱ֮е֮ĵһҲ½һ޶Ʒɱܳɹô
ֹǵʥˣǬڷ˳ŮӣҲǱǬ֮Ϊ衱λŮӣҲһ̧ͷպõķ˸˼ͬ


944 ħ֣䣨
һԣɱ֮£һϮɫۣ޷Զ˸˫ʮָһһɫָôɱҪλ

öûõָɱĽڲϽ죬ˣϯֲĽ֮һؽ
ϵİ֮ɢõӰҲУԶԶȥ￴ЩС
ԶԹ۵İˣ޲Ȼ
ʹǬӵǿʵħԼȥɹʿҲһɣɱΪ½޵Ϊ׵ĵһǿ֮
ҪշһƷƷޱѣҪı˳ɹʻɡƷǸһ֮ǰ붼û
˵ʹҲǿ룬û㸶ж
ԵѡҪı֮ʱ󲿷˶ѡ˼򵥣Ʒ׵һЩģҪҲһȴ˵УĮȻȡߡ
ʱЦǸûɹɡڿӣȴƺǴ⼴ɣΪã
Ĳ̣
뵽պñһ棬֮ʲôϷпܣ˲˼㷣ζ
˾㶼Ŀתõһһϣгϵı֣ȴҲųܳɹ¼ʹǬѾõҲ⡣
һУɱ̫ǿˣ̫ˣպܳɹȻܴħȵıʵϲǣ˵ˡ
룬öûᣬ˿ֻ̣һһ⣬ȫȫؾȫշɱ
Ϊ¶˵ʹһ챦ɱֵҲ޿ɹġ
һƷԻãڻһƷսķǼֱ˵ǴﵽĿĵز
սԽǬΪħħһˣΪ½һˣͳ½ûпܵ顣
ԣܷ
˿̣۹ͣϵļͷ֮ɢĵɲѵЩۣȻȴһֻ˫ֻ裬һһرҪسϴȥϣʹշŽʹΪԼı
գ
Ȼһҧɢֲ֮⣬·ȼһУԿǽ
ǹʽɫʺ죬ȴֳŸصķУлϵһԣ̺Žϵ˺ѷһ֣˺Ѱ뿪зͷǱɱ̬ơ
ʱãһվâɣʹԶԹۼ˵۾
̽ħ
һĻ˾죬ݹħԶȣǲԣϲôʱʩչŹ
Ǭλħȴ޲һݣĿʱԽһգգضôʱֵֽ࣬·ֹλɼɵ
̽ħ
˲ɾ׽ǬλħðĪ֣漴Ǿ㲻ء
Īǣ֣Ǵ˿ʩչֹ칦Ȼͬʱڻԣֱδš
¼ڹǰƷġڴ֮ǰ¼ҵӣǰʩչģҲŰƷġ
һǼԹ˽ϵƷҲûд˿̡պʩչֹ칦ǿ棡
߸һΡ
أšպϵֹʱԶȺ֮⣬һµġʤѩͬԼðֹ࣬ͫҲӹһĨɡ
̽񹦣
૵صʶ֣оҲͬðһƽɫĻ棬ֻɫȡպʩչ֮ʱҪ࣬ϳһ䣬ͬһСС
Сƣ϶ҲԶʩչʱ򣬵Ծһֹʺɫʡ
ȻֹֹպûᣬֶΪ¼һɫӣ½֮ľ콾ʤѩͬҲѧˣ
һУԭ¼ĹŹֻǡպöУ⴫ģ
ڴˣȻȻؽ׺ܶǰһֱ˽顣
Ʃ磬֮ǰͬеʱ䣬δս֮УʤѩԽԽ٣ٶãڽߴа̵ĹУ¶һŸǿ󹦷ӡ
ʱ⣬ڿν̽ħˡ

һ֣ѹɱϾɱƷȴѶû˱ִƣѴԭ
Ȼǲһ˲£ɱͱרƷĿֲܣͬ˿һ㳯˷ȥ·𻯳ɳǧİɫСҪһнһգ𾪣
һʼ¡պƾˣҲٴαѹƣ·硣
䣬õĻҲмƽƳգ¼ĿѪۣһ縶Ϸ
ȴ壬ϵҲ֮ԽԽǿԽԽǿгƸ߿գֱ֮С
ֻһֻƣеĽɫĻ䣬һһƮɢȥɢ⣬
Ʊƺ˲õĽ֮ɫȻһץͳͷϿյǱɱǿץȥ
ɱƺӦΣ˲䷢һԽֲĽͬˮһʶоȻһɵİɫٲ֣ңֱõͷ
ã
Թ۵˶оɲƣľʱȴһȻһǼ˲䷭ת·һƬƶ䣬ֱӳǽٲӭȥ
˾ӹȥǰ۰֮泯ϣȴֳһƬ죬ʳ޾ϼ⣬Բһۣͨһķ
һƺĲһһ˷֮ʣ׵סɱɱһ
ۣ
ԶǬλħ޲۾˾֮ɫȻʶպö꣬ȴû֪ۣȻһķ
ҺȻһμƷ֮һ
ۣǼףη£


945 ħ֣䣨ģ
رֱһһһ£ǴμƷڼƷϵķϹʱڻڹڣ϶ˡ
Ǽײۣһϡ䱦ηʳͲ֪٣û뵽ʳĴнأдżȻõһֱʮְҲλȫ
֮Ǽף칤ɽ֮һҲǧΨһһλʦżɡ
˵ϣǾâ֮󣬿Զȡ֮Ϯ򴩴ߵһ˺Ǽɢ˱ؽˡ
һۡأ֮˵ӳ֮ôܹһֶ˼ڡ
νѿǡȡ⡣
һֿ֮˺ǶԷĹ۵ķ̫ԶѴķ
ʧѾãͲӰ˭Ҳû뵽պú˵õմϣĴߣȴӲӡ
ȻУϵһϮۣһͨѣǽգܿϡ챦ֻ»ڡ

ãƽʱȻǱ˳ۣΪۺ죬˿̣ԵĺȻһƷ½ϵĵһ
赲˵һҲļˡ
ֻš
˻
ֲ˺ɱױϽɣ֮ھȻɳǵâһһӵ״Ȼһײ
½Уϡ汦֮һۣʱѣ漴ΪƬƬɢϵĲҲװֱٲš
ˣ½μƷѻһеηº칤ɽ֮ϷǼǼףغʹۣȴҲܼˡ
ԶԹ۵İˣһϧ͵пϧһϡ¾ɱĽٵҲ̾ƷĿ¡
һܳһı֣£кǵ֣
һ뵽ˣ֪˽ǷԵõ˻ǲ˲ޱȻȣŲһ㵱ȥᡣ
Աһ£±֮ǰǬ֮еõĶ飬컯Լ֮еõаȣҪȡɱǰҲȻ޹⣬Կ⡣
ô˶ΪտԼ֮ûվڽ֮£һʱͷƤӲͣס˽Ų
˵ȥ˹ϵֻ˲ѣܲܿɱĽ˵
ֻǣ𾪵һĻˣ
ۣסɱľɱһ֮ץȥһֻУȴȻֳһصİ̷š
֣ȻֱӴǽ籩޾ֲ˺Ӵɱı塣
漴еǰ̷ŹâһɫһӿɱܵĽ籩Ȼ
Ƭ֮һȻƮƮ£ǰ
ֻһӣһͨѩףĳ׹ŽͳǰһϵĻƱƺҪͬƶ䣬Ӱ
ɱڵڱȻˣ
ôܣɱƷֻǬ֣ҲûаգƾպһˣȻܳɹ
ԣһոеǸ̷֡ǷŵʲôȻ˿£ѹһƷҲܵõһķţǲǣ
𾪣˲ɣĽ
ʣɱġպã˾Īоһɿɲѹ˳һ
Ǭλħǿͷ𺳣ûͬһˣµ۾Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫٴοպʱ۾оһ˿ɵ
Ǭ֮µɫˮסжֲɽһ֮бתɫյֵƷ컯ҲȻԼǰ
ֻǣеĳͻûвպû߽ǰļˣ΢ȻһЦһ֣ѩ׹Ž˴С
漴̯̯֣˵Ҳôλǣ
ţ
һĻǬ֮ͫһ£գȻӲôһ˲
˱ϾǷǳˣܿ죬ǴлظǬ֮һЦҲеĶſֳġպñȥûУֵܵĿֲʵе𾪶ѣֵܶµһδ£ڴ˹ϲˣ
ϲϲ
༸˷ӦҲæǰϲоǹάȴȫǸӣаϲ⡣
һԵĵ֮״ҲеĶ컯봢У˺һȴһﲻ˼ƺʲô


946 ħ֣䣨壩
ˣ½ǿҲɣҪһ󷨣󣬳׸ơ
ĵʤѩеΪ⣬ӡһһƳ
ѹİ˴֮ļ˴ħеʹøֶȡߣ½˴ţⱦʧġ
漴ƳڱɱǬڱ顱֮ڱ컯֮Ҳλڷ˳Ůаɽڱаȡ
칤ɽ¥ţڱ˶棬ʥƣݹħԶ죬˾ȡʧܣԷߣڤڤ֪١
ļ֮ϣӡиŵĶӡǣһпܣֱӷɻظפأ½ļⱦǲеҡ
ȡɹˣȻǻϲأеı֣ȡʧܵˣ˼θӣľѳۣ޸ĵأҲֻĬĬ
Ƭ̣ͷǿϢ״Ǭ֮ɫһ䣬ڵãƷ֮Ѿʹ춯ˣʥ棬󣡡
ǣ
״ˣҲɫ£ʤѩһ˺˼Ϊ̫֮ͣ⣬ˣݷλȫȡԼȫǴμƷƷ
ˣȡԼյõĴɢǿѹͬʱ׼ĵħ
˳棬ԵУɽӣջƣ
֮Ϊ׵Ǭ֮ĿڤڤдǣƬ̣еĶһһƬ֮ȥˣԼб֮Ӧ
˼ټ֮ˣһһľۣһʱ䣬ƴѹֱѹûд֧нһϽ֮ѣ򿪡
ĽɫȻ˸Ҫ⣬ûԴԴϵעվҲֻһЩرֵܵļӼƷμƷϹ
ͣ͡
һϽѣһɫı˼Ĺâĥ˲䣬еħһ㶯һָ
ֻһָ˲䣬ֲĺɫâ漴µѹ츲أ¹ɿֲѹ֮£ױҲ档
ɵʯ飬׷׳׹䣬ͬһɲĴ𣬱˴ħԼʤѩȾˣͻ֮ǰҲɷ׷ױɫȡ˹࿹
ϽĶѼӿ죬ص׵ɸߵĺȪϿյǺӣһſ֮أһʱһƬŨ˾ŵĺڰ
ǣ
׼֪ħд䣬ԽľˣһĻҲһĺֻһͷϮ
۲ܼʶȻҲ֮û磬ſȥԶֻоһƬڰУһ߳صӰֱһɸĺڰ֮ϮʹǿԣҲоϢ
Ҫ֪УˣѾǷӵսˣѹжǿ
˺ϢѣԲǿ̧ۣбɢ΢⣬㿴Ǿ߱ƽڵص׵ľ޴ħʬֱһ԰̵۾һŹֵı顣
ϽֱȫɢΪϻɢ޴ħʬ̧ͷ˿ϣתͷһվǱߣľˣɺȻһЦ
¸£ܺãⱾ棬Ǿд󹦣µġ
һ˻ƺ͹Ϣ·硣Ҳھδ˵ԵЩİر顣
漴ȻһЦȣһһ磬Ȼôվ
ǡվ
һֱɽһվֱӽعѣԭֻĵع׳ܲħȫ顣
߰ɣ¸£òõ˱ʱˣ
ҹҪ䣬Ѫɺӣ˶סһգסӡǧ꣬ӦøĴۣ
¡
糹ױʯ׷׶䣬˼״ԭԥȫʧ۾Ҳ¶һ˿ķӦǣ
֮˸ǵ޴ħӰݳ棬Ȼǳʹһ԰
԰Χͭγͣĵرãʱȫʧȥá
ǵ棬ŷָղſģǸ˳ѹУͬһɽ޴ӰѾʧǰȴһ̳ۣͷɫ۵ӥӡ
飡
ӥһֻ֣˲䣬ģһŲתɫţֻ΢΢һֲķѹֱӽ˷ͭһ飬Ϊ촷ۣøճڵϵľˣһĻҲ޲ɺȻе𾪺Ϳֲ
ħʵǷǰҲӤһɣ
ղţı壬ڵ磬ǸȻʺֻԽǿԽⷽСصѹƣΣܷӵʵԲνܹ⡣
ǻⱻӡǧĻԹͬʱؽŲһֳֽ꣬׵ӿ˵ذΧбָ԰ͻȻֵʮˡ
ʲôˣ֪˵ʹû׼˽ʹأ
Ϊ׵ĻԸ㲻԰ĳֵľ޴ؿӣΪĪڴ˵صʮˣȴû뵽һĻһʱŭӣһбָʮˣɫ

Ī˵ոƷħ棬վľˣҲûһǻĻڶڡ
УǬ֮ɫ߳ȳħһݣȻʥˣЩ֪ߵغ֮ʥ֣ȫɣ
ҲãȥɣҲñ濴ǵʵ
ħԣе̹˸һ£漴Ȼ˳һԴؿڵ
ǣһ
ԣǬ֮һ˷ܵص
ϣת˵Ϣȴħʱǫ͹ȻͬɱȻĮӺ䵭ǣȻڸոոʥ֮ǰ

һǻոоҪԸ˹漴;ؿԼеĽ꣬ȻϢΪһ̯ˮ
漴оϢѣһͷԼ°벿ӣӽŵϣڻƵιһ㡣
㣬ǡ
ָǰ첻ԣǿһͷͿԼҵȫˣȻһͬʯȻȫϢΪѪˮ
Ǭ֮һδ԰ؽ磬ͳΪһƬأǣûаվߣ


947 
⡭
ֹߴħվһԣ²ѵʤѩҲɿ˫ĿȻһӹһĨؼɵ
ȻʶλǬħѾãҲ֪ӵ˹ĪֶΣȻϢһ˲ôʥ
νʥʳרԱԼȫҪ֮һڰеһ壬ʥʳǿĻ
Щ˴Сʱ𣬱㱻츳ԣһ棬Ҳδһѡÿһѡߣʣе֮ӡ
ҪǣǶʳԵĹС㱻ЧʳηһΣͷһκαѣη㲻ǰ˼
ˣսµģΪ޾Ϊٵ飬һƣʥһ˿ɵǧˣʮǿ
ǣʥѨڵĻλصǬ֮ǰȻһֱӱǬֵ֮ĹɱǣȻûа㷴Ӧʱ䡣
ʲôʵʲôֶΣ
һʱ䣬԰֮УĲҡҷ֣һƬԡ
ãܺã
ȻһƣתλΪһӥӵħ档
ֻžΪ׵ǬħЦһ࣬С꣬ʵԽǿˣɶһˡ
ʥޣʥָз
Ǭ֮ԣʱݣϲɫص
ܺãԶ֮ˣйͣйطȱֽһСආﱾöҩ͸ˣ
䣬ȻһĨָһɫСָָ棬һ鷽ĺɫʯһȦȦ֮ϣԿоֻҹԵЩɭɲ
ָԭѪеģ±˴ǰϷӡȴûнָȥָԣϷɹīɫâʱһֻѪСƿƿշɳΪ׵Ǭ֮ǰȥ
лʥ棡
Ȼ֪öƿװʣħóʹ͸µĶһǷƷ
ңⲻ׷ħ棬Ըⱳ½ҲһҪħӪҪԭǾΪ֪ħܸûеģҪġ
ûгΪģħϣͻƷĻ᣻ʹͻƷģҲգ磬ǱõⷽСء
ô󣬴ǧÿһ򣬶ڵ粻֪Ҫǿ󣬹ٱ
ǲǵ㽣һӳΪһССķǣԶ½һС硣
֮У޵ǵСӴӳ𣬾Ϊػ㣬عԲֻҪһ꣬Ԫټ򵥲飬ѨǣҲûжƿԡ
˵Ѩ𲽣ֻ͵ȸ֣еȸ־׾棬ĸ֣ǳԽףӳ뻯
Щһ½ԶҲ޷ΪĴڵġ
ԣΪ׷ǵ룬Ϊ׷ǵԸǲԸһС
ˣҲ޲̰ؿǬ֮еѪСƿ޸ղԼôû뵽ȳ֣ȥʥôһûøǬ֮
Ҳףħǰֻܷס۾΢ѾԽжˡ
ԭǲòжҪҪԸģ½ǿĻʳлôһ㸺θУʧӰ٣ֻṦ͵ļС
Ƕԣ֮ˣ޲糾ݽ棬ΨԼ֮·ķ
Ϊ⣬һʳ°Ѫ̻̲գǶԣʲôҪֻҪƿշ飬ɾͷ׾ߵ磬ʹ׼磬Ҳֵá
һĶ֣ƥУͼСܺ͡
˺棬Ǭ֮õħ͵ʲôҩǬ֮ԼͬˣСؿħһۣŸһὫƿο
ʱһƬѪ֮УγһȭͷĺƣУнҫ
ʥ
ʶˣʹû׼ȴĳֹŲп̲ס۾һʱøˣ޲õ֡
ʥɲ½νЩƷ鵤Ǵδ˵鵤˵鵤һƷ
˵÷ߵѪ裬ȫ̥ǣӵһ˿ʥ֮дʥ֮ԺͻκƿҪ࣬ࡣ
˵޵޲񼶵ҩϧʧֻһЩϹżмأû뵽гһգǾ׼
޵˵ʲôѣȻͻƾ磬ÿһС綼ޱȣʧܣ߻ħ󾳽˵
½ǰһؿʲôǷĹؿ½ϼûƾԼͻƳɹҪ˵ϵ׾â
һſԼСͻƾʱƿ谭ıڴˣܲۺ죬ܲʣ׷ۿħ棬޲Ҳһš
Ҳ֪ⲻܣȻħûпǵֻǵصˣϻ£ֻҪǼ´󹦣Ȼеõʹ͵ʱڣʳ
ǡ
һ빪У漴ī۵ħ£һʹģҲʥճϢĵطȥ
һѪķ籩١


948 ֮䣨ϣ
ҹžҹԭӦһƽ
ҹĿУһ˲Ϣ
ڵĻУڳȺǽгǣֱޱ½ҡ
½ϣڲһصɽ֮
һλɰɴŮӣңطɫأУˮʣһֿеĸо
ǣĪǡ
Զ֪˵ЩʲôüȴƺԤеʲôڷ
½һٱֱͨƵľ޴ɽС
һ뷢԰׵ߣһʯǰʲôȻһ𣬸ӦʲôȻ۾վ˫Ŀ֮Уɫιâһš
ΪĳһĸоƺĳЩϹŵĶڱѣǣ
ңңһӱñѩ˿ɲĺ⡣
ʲô˴󵨣ĸð֮ô½˵Ķ桭
½ϣаɽŴ֮ڡ
аɽš಻֮ڣǰƯһ̵Ļ棬ĺɢһһصϢķڡ
Ϊʵ֮ڽ侳ȻԽԭĸ߽װ벽۷壬ͻ˶װ벽ҺȻﵽ˼ٵľ磬ɵҲһ뷨ʵ
аɽ֮Źȥãȴ˾˵ĽѰʵ϶ĳЩķҲ϶ĳЩԳܵʹࡣ
ң˼ʵȻһʱսҲֻάһʱʱˣֻ㣬һΪǾˮ׼ʹۣ
ȻĿеġš಻Ȼ͵۾ǰܾͣͬȸһ֮ࡣ
ڤаɽ߰Ĳ屦ñΪѸȻкľǱǰ͸֧ܵĴۣĳάִ˷ٵ粻꣬аɽٷϴˣûӦս֧ţĳ֪²ΪҲòô
ֻҪаɽȫضɹ֮꣬ڣһ㿰εļλߣʱ;ƿݣ಻ﶼԹ޻ڣһе
ֻǣڤһδй࣬ǸӦʲôѵ½֮ϣַĳʣ
ʵվһӦ࣬ˣ챦ڤĹǰʹٳٶҲ֪½ϣ϶ĳ񣬵ֲ顣
һ˲أĿΣȻڤ棬λϣ̶ɽ֮£ڴҹϧۣĴǲ֣ѰҶ󷨵Ӱô㣬ѿһսаɽ
ֻϧⷬٶѰܱаɽһʱ䣬ҪԵĶ֣߲˵Ҳ½жţǿҪԵĸ֣ǰ󣬱ܶԸ˵ġ
һȷѪ꣬ԶȻûɶƻ컹Ҫÿɲñңһһ٣ܱܣûܶ㡣
ͬʱֹ⼸ڸӦ쳣Σյ٣ţڣ꣬ϳһЩΪǿĸ֣иӦ쳣
һУûõλþǸֻ֮ң¥Ӧϸ

⣬ʮ֮һɽУһ׾ռɽˮׯ԰
ׯ԰̨ͤ¥鿣ɽţ£һԴ֮ࡣ
˴½˴󶥼֮һ¥
¥װΣɼº;ɣղƵ¥
¥ڣһɽɽ֮ϣһƺƺ֮ϣһһƣһ컨
һ£Ŷǣ˫΢ߵӣ΢㣬һƣһͻһһ̾ɽ
˵У˵İݣҹնΪ䶼Ϊðм֡
Ȼһ֣ץ֮ϵһ̺ȣȻһţ֮ϣɫϸߴ˷ϳ֣Ȼֳ´֮ơ
ãǣ
ɫ䣬ԭɫײ͵̧ͷʮǷ򣺡ʳѣԮ
䣬һ䣬˾Ȼʹƽ̨ϿȻʧͬڹһ㡣
ʯ̨֮ϣδȴδƣԼʱ컨һŵء
ҹ⴦ŵأ˼԰ҲĪẒ̇˿⣬ڲ֮£ڽ١


949 ֮䣨У
ҹ
һҹܶߣܶľܶĪӳ˯оѣһãȻ֪ʲô£ȴ֪ҪҪ·
΢ƽر䣬֡
ʹ֮С
ʥʾס޹֮УڳߣΧ飬ػʵʵʥ
ЩʥͨʥСӳһÿѨڵʵжӳѨϣӳΪѨڡ
УλʳҹػÿѨ۷壬벽ս
ʥ޹еķܣ˵½ǿǰǲġ
ǣʥʡʡ˾պ۱һλĴڣҺȻλзڣʹ½ľǿУʵΡ
ԣʵҪûܽġ
ǣΪΪʳӣԲΪ˰ȫҪ˵ʵʵھһݵ޹Χ˶ĸֻ
ʥӽ̣ղѲߵĲͨʥּʥǲҪѲְ֮ģרְ֮еǿߺһЩݽΪرˡ
ټλʹ˵رӦǹκΣյ׷
ǣʥʲôˣһλǿߣκͨ˶
ǣ쳣ʱֻûӣ£һа·һʹ֮йȫ霼ͬͻȻޣһ˵ûС
ƣٵسڵʥ޹ٴ⣬ҲھɶȻۣ˭
¸£
ȻһƺԶƮȴֶȻ޹֮Уʵϵ͵Ļ˲һԣֱԵѪ
ˣͨͨ½һ׹ڵأʶȫޣͬʬ
ţЩˣð˿˿Ƽ䣬һȺ˵Ӱ֣ǻӥӵħ棬ħȵİ˲ħԼʤѩʮˡ
ʥʵѯʣΪ׵ӥħٺЦ֪СϼҲʱ˭
ΪףϷҲһϾҹĳسӣҲĳһͳ½֮ա
˵꣬һתǬ֮˵С꣬λʥʣ˭
ǣ
Ǭ֮վ֮ϰʥʣЦλǧǰͼΰԣһͳ½ѹһпֵĸħħ桯Ӧۣ
ʥ潵٣ССʥʣ¹ӭӣ
ʲô
ȻԤϣʹ֮нأͨ˸ӲֻȻûһܳԤټйǼž϶ʥʾ֪²
䣬ûûио£ϢʹأǣԷľԶľ磬ԷֶΣѾﵽλʥʶĵزܡ
䣬˭£˭ͣ±Ǵ˵еµһˣλʧѾõʦҲδ͡
ǣѹʹ֮ףǧǰݺ޵У֣һ˷̵ĸħħ桱Ӧۣȴܡ
Ϊħ桱Ӧۣǧǰľ磬ͳԽ˵ʱ½ɵļޣʱ½˴ŵĶǿߣȫǷ
У۷壬Լ벽ס
ɼЩǿߣټְֳ˴ɲ㲻ħһ֮УľжߣΪжǿ
֮ԳɹΪعѹƣ˲ܳɹѣҲѪĴۣӡħˣѪˣеͲڽ併ѹʹ֮ס
һս֮ңȻˣħ桱Ӧ۵Ϊ
½νļޣǿߣȻһλ׾档Ϊ׾УҲͣǿʱӽ벽â
Ķǿߣж£˵һССʹǰ˲ȫڴˣҲδǴһ֮С
ôܣ㲻Ǳӡڻʹصǧ꣬ô꣬ӡҲһֱδɶа˴ԼʹѹôƵ˴
¸¡ôС㲻»ãһ£ǧǰӡ֮ǧѹ֮ޣҲǵ˸úʳһµʱˡ
ϻ˵ʥؿԿףٽͷ­
˵꣬ȻһУٴθ̵Ĺ򣬹תƺȴ˵Ŀ⣬ƺ磬һС
ħħ򣿡
һĻʹٻܣӹ޵ʥ꣬ϾһϹűʼǣ֪ħӦһŶصֶΣĪ⣬ӵ޿ƥеܡ


950 ֮䣨£
һӣɫ䣬æ֮𣬰ڳʽ
ʹƽʱٸ߸ϣ䲻ʱҲɱɫ
ϻĹ
һ˲䣬ӿֲɫֳ֮࣬о֣ʳİ벿Ʒϻľеݡ
ϻľΪƷн׹Ϊȱʧ²ȫʳֻа벿ˣ벿ƷµʥʣҲԶ˵
ֻ֮һһɫׯϻ࣬ȻǰΪһܣɫصضŶġħ桱Ӧۡ
Ȼħ桱ӦۼĻΪ⣬ֻһ֡
ৣ
̹򻺻ʥǰľܵסνľ̹ǰϢͬڹһ㡣
漴ԶɢΪϹʧ
̹ƲֹʥʵؿӡȥĻʥ˾պֳŭ֮ɫ
ħͷȻҲ޳֣
ʮʽɽǧˮʽ
䣬һ̧֣ӿγһƬ׳ɽͼɽͼУһӣ̧һֱԾͼΪٲħӦۿϮȥ
ϻľмصǾʽ֮һ˵ѾһĵƷϽ׹ǡ
ħ桱ӦһЦС죬֪֮ߣ֮󣡡
Ҳãվ⾮֮ܣĹӦʲôӣ
ħʽ
һ︦ϣħ桱Ӧ΢̧лīߣīһ󻯳һīɫ䵶һ£
ͣ
ӿӣֱӱ飬ˮĽ䣬һʥʵؿڣ֮£ٴμæٻľܣһ޽ӽμƷķʥ£Ȼ䲻ŵĿ£һ룬Ȼ˺ѣ
һʥʣ½϶պĶǿߣ֣ǿߣλġħ桱Ӧǰһס
⵽ǺεȾ˵ʵ
һ£ֹʥǰǾŵı飬ǡħ桱Ӧ֮󣬹սǬպã֮ȾˣҲɫ䣬۾аһ˿ɵ
һ֮һλǿһ룬ڵʵҪ֪ħ治ոûлָ۷ʱ۷֮ʱж£
˵ʥʣһϣ½ִķҲǴһս֮аɣ
ѹ֣˳ΪӦ޵У޵аǧǰǿ߱ʱڣڶඥֶ֣˵ֽĩµǡ
뵽ǰԽǿͳһ½ϣԽߣǵİҲԽǿУӿ𼤶֮飬ӿһĨ졣
˶֪ʥʵ½ӭһޱ䣬ޱԴͷ۹ƽ֣Ҫơ
ҹ֮ʳ

ڵҹУʥ˾պ۵ڷɽѪҺڵ̿һɺͼۡ
֮Уɢ߾һ˿˿ɢݶƮܵĿУɢ˷
Ȼ֮к״ƶ£ȫףأ֪ҹĲͬѰŭꡣ
漴ʹ֮УĴ֮ϵǧսӣ޷ڳһЩʲôŭ
ȥǾһ׸ҥ
һϹŴϹս裬Ϊ䡱
ٲⱻϬף̱ӡ
캱ƣʸ׹ʿȡ
Уˡ
Ԯġ
ʱ׹ŭɱԭҰ
ƽԭ·Զ
ЮعĲ͡
ϼ䣬ոǿⲻ衣
飬ӻΪۣ

ƺս裬֮䣬䣬½ܵЩطĪݣǧɵؿӣףЩطɽͷѣʯ
ЩطĵһкЩطչûĺҹ硣
һз֮ʹ֮Уħ桱ӦۿûԼһʥʬ壬ֻǵԸԼ󳼣ҳʥԼؿԿס󡭡
˵꣬תͷЦЦǬ֮Լĵ֮ʱˣλҿǵĿ𣿡
Լǰʹصֹˣڣõ˱ŵԣǽܳɹʱˣ
ǡ
Ŵԣħ桱ӦǬλħĬһ£漴ٲԥ׷ƿԼϵĺۣԼѹϵߡ
ǰģһЩģԴӰԼһλüĿüɰӰ
Ŀһ˲˲ɾϻ۾Ůۣ

̶£˵գһԭأʹѸǹѾãϲ²ݵ⼸λħҲɱɫޱȽӲԭء
˭Ҳû뵽ħȵİ˴ħλȻǳʥ֮⣬ʳˣϻϻ۾ԼķŮķŮۣ
ѹһʱ䣬ϻ꣬춯ƵƵ߾ѪеͬѰ
ڣһ¶˴ħеλȻʳˣǾȻǱʳ꣬ڵصףϻսħ棬һ˲߽ʳͳΡ
Ϊħ桱Ӧ۾ȻǽʳӦƽˣΪЭѳعĻر
ݽʵھˡ
ȺУˣ˵е𾪣Ҳȫû뵽Ȼʱдˣӵսȴϣ˸еͷ
ʳˣǾһнԽ͵ͨˡ
һˣɫȴúѿΪȻɱʥʣ֪ļƻʳϷ֣Ǭλħȴּ
Ϊԭļƻǻɱʥʺ̳УΪ¼ʥʣͳʳΪħ
⣬Ҳһλһ֮£֮ϵүȴԼĹȣȥһаħ֯Ϊ߸Լ׵ԭ
ˣǱˣʳġ塱˾죬˾˾ҲʳѾȥʥ֮⣬ǿ
ʱħ桱ӦŵĽУȴȻû


951 ҹɱ
ʥ棡
̲סվһ˵
ţ
ħ桱ӦתͷĿ˸˸ôС壬Աİţ
ң
˾𿴱âɣλ֪߳ٵľħǰȴҲòһӤ
ֻصʥ֮ǰӦ
ĻûиҼ˵ȥΪѾоһɳɽƣȻѹ£ǿ綥װ벽ǰҲƺʱ㸲Сۣһ
ˡ
ãһգ˾ɫףͨһڵأѾһ˿Ѫˮ
ħ桱ӦĿ䣬ϣֻб룬ûжҪĻᡣסһ£㻹Զա
˾ɫףһǺڣȴǳˡ
Ϊһүһ֮£֮ϣӦĿȨ޾ĴڣֻΪ̰Ÿһȴ˺ѣʥʹȻ䣬ĹȣҲӴ˲ˡ
ֻϧʲôУûкҩԸԡ
ߣʹûҲˣʳɻǻḲ𣬶˱һҲδ֪
գ֮У⣬֮һУûʲô˵׼
ֻǣʹˣպҹҹƣ£ܹԼĵһأ˵ˡ

μݣ˴ħԷɳʹ˷ȥѰʥԼʳؿԿףи𴦾ʳҴĻݣնݳһ󻼡
ǣҹУǣȻŴԺ֮У⽣ӰȻһƬѪɫ
ҹˣȻ֪֮Уʧȥͷ­ȴǣȴ֪Ϊʲôԭ
Ѫɺ֮Уһλλƽո߸ϵĻݣ׷ױ˴˯оѣȻ͵ظɱ壬һҹ㵡
֮󣬽ֵĸɱĿ꣬ͱسǣЩʳ֮ʯүԼ
һ󽫣ҲѨЩֵĶ֣вٸֻԺ˽˻ʿͣҲ׷ʾͱ׷ɱ
ȸУڣʬƬעһ֮ҹ
ɱУˣȻҲ⣬߾ݰװ֮λǱˣʳλƹܾдȨġѪԼԹ֮ǿµġಡ˾ͽ
˵ʳĿ֮ˣһȻڱ߽֮ȴһȻȴʳʵļࡣ
һһ䣬Ǽ̡Ͼ֮󣬿ʳڽɽڽҹͬʱϮ
ȸһŶСԺܵլԺȫͬƧ壬ȴֶһ֮⡣
˵زǱ𴦣Ȼǡಡ˾ͽھס
ǡಡ˾ͽûǮŴԺҲʥûʹ͹õĵطֻϲ˴ճҲ߶ͥ壬Ҳֵ徲
ֻǽҹһ˴룬ֳֵһͶԲ⿳ɱЩͨ˵͸׼ĸֵĶ֣һ˯У͵Ѫ֮С
ɱԺಡ˾ͽ޾֮ʱһϵȻ𣺡ιɱϷˡ
Ȫ֮£Ϸǰǡ
䣬ֻһ죬кֻظ췭վĵȻѿ¶һڴ󶴣ΪǳӦʱ˵ȥ
Ҳж֣һԣԾ˵أѰȫصվ
ڴʱܵԺǽͬʱ򿪣һ󡰿տգտաʸǵصس֣Եֺֿ
ã
˴󾪣ӵӭ꣬޾û֮һϢתȣ˲ͱУȻʮ֮С
֮£˸ɭļ⵶е飬£һ¾ͱһ͸ò
д̿ͣһ֮£˲ȫȫڴˡ
ǣಡ˾ͽ˭ҪȡڰʹһٺЦȻšಡǻ۽ʹСĿܣҲȫİţ⾩סҲǲͬѰ
ֻǣԸЩͨʿãԸô
ڰתһӰѪɫ磬ð׹ǣаɭɭͲࡣ
ϣɭЦ⣬촽˸ܵаͲ̡
ݹħԶ죿
һĻ֮Уಡ˾ͽϵһ£ٴδϷܸод䣬ȴ֪ԴͷڣԭħȣôȡϷѵǵħѾ
µòͷӹȻе͡
ݹħԶһû뵽ಡ˾ͽֻĳԼϣһ¾Ͳ³ô࣬Ҫ֪ڻʹе飬Ӧûûд˾ȻͲµħգ𾪡
漴Цͣ벻أͷɣͷǱͲϺһأ
䣬ҲǰڵؿӣԼʱר˻ʸǽ棬ֱӳһչȻշбб򡰶ಡ˾ͽľ

ڰգһħһѹǲͨľʷݵĸ¥ڰУһƺߣ͡ǽƿٴβϴݹħԶɢ
ֻಡһֱݶ룬ڵġݹħԶ죬ȴɵɫ䣬޺޵һǽϣû뵽СӻеͣߣԤϵȡôֻΪϰߣԱһ
ڡݹħԶ޺޵Уֻݵǽ֮ϣһֽѾժ䣬һųϻǵѪ֪Ǳһĳ˵ġಡ˾ͽ
ֻӰãȻټ޴棬ݹħԶѾǧټƣƿȻɶڣ뵽ڲͨʱ˲𣬽û
ಡ˾ͽԼ֮֮ͨͨУܲҩһ˴룬ͻᴥأȫȼȻըͨը١
ݹħԶһǱسصصʱˣѾģббǻҳѪһħȻССĵص֮У˴

޺޵һƣݹħԶû뵽ԼԳ֣ɱһλ޸֮ߣȻҲʧܡ
뵽ԼǰһǡѪơԼ֮˵ƺߣһЦߣ˱İѪƣǶ֣ҲգҪһħĽͷˣһգɥһʱӳΣ
ЦϣӳһԲһ±棬ûΪ𺣣


952 ɣϣ
ͬʱ
ڲಡ˾ͽϮͬһ̣ڽ֣Ѫھס֮ͬҲ˴ɱ¼
˾ǣѪʵǿףϮĳװ벽ûü־ͱɱûκηˡ
ֱһ˸һϮ£ͷн̣ǱˣѳĵʥɮҲħȵİħ
Ŀ¶ЦɱѪˣһԼʿ룬Щ˾ǡѪЩò׷ֵӣһ츳ˣԼᶨһֻв֡
ЩˣںɮʥĹ֮£ȴƳѩֻܿʣˡ
˵ɮʥѪǰѪǰ֪УһۣȻͬʱһҧ壬ںɮʥԤеԵ˲䣬ˣͬʱԱ
ǡѪЩھУϸѡòײѡ̣רŻȫģʵȻ
ʱͬһʱԱֲĳ˲˷ͬŴͬʱж¿֪
ͬĢƳһ˲ð죬ǱըķԼѪⷲһ˲䱬ըĲҡ

Ѫֻһ䣬˾ͬƱƷ㴬ɶžʹһһɺѪ
ɮʥȴӲһΪøҲΪĿĶȴǡѪԶǾ߿ըʱҲߡ
˵ը׵壬æֵҲˡ
̳ɢֻһǱ·ã¶ͺͺһֱۡ
ϣ˺ֲܲȾը֮Ѫ飬ͬѪ̳ľ
ʱﻹ˵һͬըɵġѪϲۺƶ
һĻѪʹؽһ˵֣漴Ϻµʮʬ壬һҧٲԥ˴֮ӳѪ


¥¥ѩʱ硱ϣǣӴʶ֮£˲͸ӦǴһƬ֮УĴɱ¾üͷ塣
һ
૵صɫ£ȻʵǿһʱȴҲ
漴ĿĴʹԭ͵ı֮Уغ͵ǣϣʹ֮δıʣʥ˾պڣӦò˲ðɣֵܵһ˲
ȻȻ˵Ϊ֪һλǿߴڣټϻֽӦе
ղɽׯ֮Уȴֵĵȷȷװ׵ظܵؽǹɿֲǹַǿߣҲеľ־塣
ˣ֪ʹ֮Уһλ򣬸һ½Ϊǿػɸеļ£һԴ½ƵҲһθеȻ
֮꣬ǵһΡ
ǰ
䣬Ĵɱʹٲ̣ҲվӦǴΪء
֮Ȼʳһʧʹ⣬ȴעĴ󶯵²Ϳ̿Ӵ˶¡
һϮ£һϮƣֻһƮʧӰ١
ټǣԣҲǼϢʱѡ
ȻϵʹȴĪظеһǿļϮ˲䲻ɱɫæԾʹĿȴ˲ԭء
һԵı䣬ӿԺ
ʹλƽǼʾ˵¥˿ҲֻоһƬհףʲôҲ˵
ԭӦõƻԻͣͻִͣʹ˿̾ȻһƬİ磬ţһƬڰϢޡ
һĻȥԭбϲ֣ϣֻʣţһƬš
ĵ㾰
Ļܣ˿ݰܵĻҺɫԺǽ¥ߺȫʧȥԭӦеɫʣͬ˳ʺ鶯
磬һˮ
ͷӿ죬˲ףԼԤвǿѨ磬ʹȷҲˣǴ£Լǰÿһɱֻһȥͷ
ȻȻ֪ˣλ¥һҧһݣ˻Ϊһɫ磬ʥ˾պӵ޹ȥ
Ȼʹ䣬ʥ˾պ۱ϾǷǿߣǱʵԸߵķڣ䣬ӦҲΪֿһ
ֻҪԼܼʱȥ֣һʣУסʳ
Ϊ¥Ȼʹʥ˾պ۵޹λ䲻˵ʮϤҲ˽⣬ֱӱϺ÷򣬳ＱӶȥ
Ϣ䣬ٴԭء
عŮʬ壬мżλ¹ʳλߵ֮һ
¹࣬¹¹¹¹¹
ʳĹȼһ£Ϊߣ¹ʳҲʮˣߵĽ¹ֻˡ
ȴһλ
Ȼ֮ǰͷ˲⣬ҿЩ¹̬ϢֱӱȻûκηӦʱͷģͿ֪˵ж¡
ڽ뵽޹ĿĲ࣬˲Ŀѣ̶ָеһĺ⣬ֱļ䡣
ʥ˾պȷǼˡ
ģʬ塣
ֳʥʣʥ޹࣬ĽۣȻϣͼԼʦֱʡ
ʱһУʧȥ塣
ǣ
漴Ϳһī۵ӥӣֶվ޹ģƺڵȴЩʲôֻ˵ڵȴ
Աߣһµġʤѩûȥ
˴ħ񣬶һˣΪûоʱ˴˵أ̷ħ桱Ӧۡ
ˣ
¥Ǿŭǣλӥħ棬ڻתͷ漴¥ǱӦŶǵݣȴ¶һ˿ź֮ɫ
ϧˣҹ½һҪλ
Ҳȳ㿪ɡֻ֣Լһ˵أҪѡ
䣬ħӦ̧һֻ֣ħħ򣬺Ȼ֡
㣬ǡ
ӥħӣٿɵʥʵʬ¥һ뵽࣬˲²ӥӵʵݣһ³䵽ȵףҲ֪Լҹ⡣
ˣɫɫ˵¡
ĳܣȻħͷ£ĳȶԲסˡȻ֪ס㣬ĳҪǻ֮ʯ㲻̤˵һ
䣬һ֣жʱһ̺ȣĳƷ̺콭ɽȡ
½񣬵ʮ


953 ɣ£
磬оǿߣ޹ŽƷףãֶ¼֮ס
ڣϹţǧ˰߸ʽƷΪҪ˳Ҳмӷ֣ȫƷ׶ۡ
ǧ˰߸ʽУѾ٣ʧ䣬ԭʧߣԼнɡ
ԻΪֵߣһֻǧŰߡ
ǧŰߣΪŴУ䵽ݣƽҲİپߡеԽ϶࣬еռȽ١
У½ˮƽֻеƫ£ûʦټϸֲĩ
½ֻ߸ʽλ񣬼ʧߣɻԾϵֻһʮߡ
ˣһ˴ֻ½ƷףãԼԣ۶Ρ
УеǱƷᣬ½ǰʮʽǵʮš
칤ɽǵ³ϣҲǡӥϡ壬еӥצ½ϣǰһٶʮʽһһʮˡ
ٶ߸ʽУǰʮǰһٶʮǷǳߵˡ
Щǵ׵Ĵڡ
½ףִ滹ʧĸ˾а벽˾ߣƷʮһߣƷʮߣƷһپߣƷľߡ
ԣҲ˵ǰ˽Ϊ벽дߣʧߣھǰʮţΪƷִʮʧ߾ߣʮһΪμƷƷִʮžߣʧʮľߣһģΪƷִʮߣʧʮľߡ
Ʒ壬ֱڶִߣʧߡ
УᣬƷȴǰʮֻΪһλϹŷǿߵʢԲǰʮ
֮⣬ľƷҲλǰһ٣ͨƷ
ߣ࣬ΪƷμƷƷͰ벽
۳˾߰벽ǰʮļƷҲڸڼƷ֮ǰߣԿ¥ֵ̺콭ɽȣж಻ֽжǿ
ֳֻּ̤Ʒ̺콭ɽȣɫ£Ȼ¿£ݲݱ١
һ̤е̺콭ɽȣȻſͬ˹
ϵͼɽˮ㶼ۣһȴʵ磬ͬʱ£ħӦۣһɶص˺֮⣬ܡ
¥ڹƷ½׹ʫʫΪʽֽʽ־ޣʽǱĲã
ǡ
һĻħӦ۲мһЦС㻹ûʶ֮Ĳ࣬ųϡ
һ̤£ǧϣ촷ۡ
䣬мȥܣеħħ򡱣Ĺʢһ¾Ǵ󣬳ɽȥ
һ¥輫Ʒ̺콭ɽȷľɱһƣ
Ȼˡ
һ̾Ϣ¥Ԥϵˣ֪ҹԼ⣬˺Էһ¶УȾʹ֮£ȴҲ˳ѰĿֲܡ
췭ظ˴ɫݻͷͯףʥʱ
ӣȻƾշ裬̺콭ɽһɳ̺콭ɽƺһ֮ţ޾ӣһ򿪣ʱȫ裬Ʈ衣
ÿһӣһɱ
ǧӣ۳ɺЯɱ¥־һ빥ġħ桱Ӧۡ
һ̣Ѳ˵Уֻ󺨳죬ʹһαѧһʽһΪǻޡ
е˼
һĻġħ桱Ӧۣ۾¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫɫǵģһ֣ӣͬһȫʧӰ٣ƺûгֹ
˲֮һһأһ
ˣ¥ͫһ֪ԼǶԷĶ֣ٲԥμתе̺콭ɽȴһʽ
ʽǰãã
Աϣϰе̺콭ɽȣȻϵǧͬȻͬʱģʧ
Ʒ̺콭ɽһӱͨ죬ȻըΪĽ꣬ȻΪһʽɱľС
һУȴ½ǰʮһƷۣν
ǣһĻħ桱ӦһЦٲԥһ֣Ѹٳһ̹⵶ֻһӣͣ
֣תգնֵͬ档
¥һʽȴȫա
󣬡¥ȻһȻӲԭأ֮ϣһߵĺߣ֡
㡭
ŭĿԲɣֻšħ桱Ӧ˵һ֣漴ȻԵǻ֮ϣһѪȪʱʾĲʡ
һʮ󷨵ǿ֮һ¥¥ѩʱʥ˾պ֮󣬳Ϊħ֮ҹڶλķ
ƺҲֱܵˣ˲ƶ䣬飬ǣһ˲ҹ
ˣƺܵ󷨵Ⱥ䣬ͬʱһص򾩶Ƿһгļ¶ƺҲ֪½֮Ҽٴ٣
һΣ۸½ĻңǷֹ˭Ҳ֪


954 ´
Ƕˮջ
ԱĿУʶգ֪緢һС
лϵԪĻϵԪԴԴϵڣսԡͼĹһȦһȦתڵĻϵҲ֮Խ׳ˮϵļ
Ҳٹһգܳƽ⣬Կʼ֮ѹţˮԴˡ
ʱʵؽٴδһϲĽ
죬ʱһһֹȥĺҹԽ죬еĻϵԪҲԽԽ΢һöϵԪҲõͷ
Ҫ˶ãͻľ׻ΪһͨʯͷΪ촷ˡ
˴㹻⣬ˣԤʱ䵽ʱԱչԶյʶҲһһ򿪡
漴͸ӦУڱɱ¾Ͳҽ
ǣ
̲סһü˲侪ѣԭħٸ뷨Աߵâһݣ˴֮ϡ
һ֮ϣͲԡ
ǣһħ֮УмסĵطȻɱֻǱĿʶһӦϾֻʣһƬѪɫ
ʲôˣ
ɫʱޱأȻ֪ӦãҹʥʵİٵȻռףʽѽҲиֻݡ
˵㲻ܸƽظ赽ҹҲֵᷢľ
ƽǸͻ¿ȻһҲͬͻȻȫʧһ㡣
ȻоԣԤед·
¹ʳʹᣬҲòǰ̽һ׷˺¡
һ̽飬ʱ䲻ɴһ
ץסһŰĺ´̿ͣǿһʣ֪ҹ׷˺ֲıʡ
һҹ֮䣬˴ʳӡǧǿߣħӦۣȻƽ¾¡
Ȼ´̿ҲħһССĴ̲Ա֪࣬Ҳ޷Ҳܲ³˸ֶΣħӦ۷ų
Ȼƾ˴Լʳķӡһֱ꣬¸ֽƵħ棬ʵǿҲӳ
ʱŪ嵽˭úֶνħ棬ǵ֮ôǵĴ䡣
ȻֻǸտʼ뷨õһλ̲߲㣬þʶ֮̽õ鱨ȴһ˲з
ԭֹħһɱʥ˾պۣʹֻɱǰ֧Ԯ°˴֮һ¥¥ѩʱ
󷨵ǰħ´ħȼгԱʮ˴ħȫǣɱʳﰵĸء
ڲߣֻԼҲ߲ˡ
뵽ˣȻ鱨ʵ´̲߲ǲԼħˡսȴûһ߲㣬Ԯģһ˲䶯ҡˡ
֪´̲鱨д֮ԲԸϣֻΪֲ̫̫˼ԼԸвԸŶѡ
ҲԼᶨ֮ˣһ˲¾֪ƾʱԼħȵİ˴ħδشùҪ˵ǸƷħӦˡ
ԣϣɱ⴦Űд̲Ա֮ԥֱתӳ
֪ڲߣħȽɱھֻ֮¾ٵЩʥٵǵĸڵӣԼɢˡ
ǵĸţֻ¾ħȵĵӰأƾԼʵӵóȥһ𣬲бס֮Ȱ˴֪߾Ľ취֮ԼټȥܾԼһ
ԣ뵽ˣӿٶȣǿ֮дʹޣʹµ뷨磬Ƕţȥգ۲

һҹ֮䡣
ʥʵİٵϲ£һ컹û꣬ϲת
ħʥ⣬
ǵ˾壬һ⣬ȫаʳʥ˾պۣ˾֮⣬󶥼֣ƾ˾ơ
˲μӵӰԹѡΣ֣徳ʿޣ֡
˵ʳȴʥ˾պۣԼڶ֣˾˾塰˾죬պգʵҲǿ
ǿڶħȵħҲǡպõʱȴûκη֮Էһ˴롣
һǧˣȫѣһ⡣
ƾ˾죬ڶ˾еһԱʳϻʳͷŮϷ֣ħʽ¶ǰ
𾪵ģĪڱߵϻ۾ߵķŮۣȻħȵһ͵λħ½Ϊ֮𾪺Ŀþʧ
ҹʳڶ˾ѱ䣬¶ħݣʳѪ̴ӷܲƴ£ѣಡ˾ͽµıͨżȻӳ󳼣һ⡣
ʳʽ
ͳ½ǧ֮õҲߵβ
һҹʥ˾պʳħӦ۳ϢһϢҲͬˡ
¥¥ѩʱӦ֮䣬æȥԮͬġħ桱Ӧնɱʬ¥һʱ䣬޵磬Ƿণ´ҡ


955 ϯ
ǶŵȻ˲ħȴ̲Աػǡ
ЩħȵĴ̲ԱһڶͷñסĿ޷ϾݡܸоÿһϢʮǿҲѨ
в٣Ѩڻڸ֣Ѩ۷ӣѾвٲ֪дңҪĸڳԱڳڣԸ
ЩУҲ֣ˣ˫ţìܻһ̶ȣ˴ͷ˳档
һʹЩħȵĴ̲ԱʵվһʮˣڻڳſڵĸڵӣԼɢ˸֣ȴ½١
ٸһ뷢棬ƾʮλħȵĴ̲ԱεֵסȺп÷ڴʱ¶ݣûֱӳ֣ǳңֱ˫սĿ϶ȻѳǶȥ
뿪ǵȴûио԰ȫܸоһ˫۾ڶԼâڱعͷȴʲôûУտյһƬ
Ǳˣ϶Լ֪⣬ᣬΪԼʶԲƭԼȻԼ֪ˣǾ;ˣд
һٶȣһĳǰȥȴʱͷ̽󷽵ҳǸߡ
ԣǸˣҲʮֲ򵥣ʵѾﵽװ벽ڣǾװ벽۷壬ҲûжԶ
ʵԶֹװ벽ٴﵽ˸߽װ벽ĳ̶ȣȴɷֲˣԼ˵ʵˮ׼֮£֮ϡ
˾ˡ
޵磬дΪдͣȴ¶棬ȥֻҲûмˡ
˼뼰ˣٲԥͻȻŲ񱼣һͻٶȺֹʮһӽ˦һξ롣
һ£û뵽ͻȻ٣ӦҲܿͬ٣ٴ׷
֪Ļ󣬲ͷȻһ٣ȻǰȻһգƫУҲڲУϣãһգҶȥ
֮ˣԥͬϡ
˷Σ֪֮˲ûж⣬ȴƺֱԼͷΪ档ڱʮ֮ڣ֮׽Բأֱһ֮ͣ½Ųʤѩɣ֪㣡
󣬷żţӰҲûκλشƺֻԻ
ȻĻȴֻǵһЦתͷʮһ֪زк壿Ȼһ·Ҫԣβ׷ɱҵİա
˵ǰʱƶһ䣬ȴͻת˷Ӧ
žûκζУĳߣ˸ҹİ
ˣȻ㲻ĳͲˣǡ
ûκ˻Ӧ˵Ȼתٴתȥ
Ȼ֮ʱһ̾Ϣ漴֮󣬻תһһϮѩͷڣʣһºƣʶ˼µġʤѩ˭
֮ɫУһ˿Ǹ⣬ڵ㡭ôôȷңǱˣ
ǣ
ڳ֣ɫû˿⣬ֻһ˿ʧ
Ŷʤѩûйͬ磬εյظоֻһЦħȵͨʹڼΪھħ棬´󹦵ġʤѩ˭ܶĳ˽⣬ȴһֱ׷׺ĳ󣬼Ȳ֣ȴֲԸ
ʤѩԣ忡ѩıϣһ˿Ȼţֲһ˿֮ɫ
ЦԭѾ֪ˡ
Цҹ˴£֮ĳ֪ӡħ桯Ӧ۵󣬷ơռǧ࣬ʹʥʴ£ĳ͸֪ԣֻʱ򣬻ûлɵ϶ѡΪĳ㣬Ϊأ£˽
˵ȻһתһҹȥĳδŵЯǰͷ̽ħ⣬ʥ䣬ʳһϢ˵ĳ벻к˲룬´󹦵ô
ǰ
ʤѩ鷴Ȼȴִһ˿Ȼ
ϲϲƱǱԭ֪һĳݱؽ£άǰǸαߣĹϵҲؽ˲תȻȥ̽ЩϢȻҲܴӴ̲Щ¼Աϣ֪ĳݣԭûʲôֵİ
˵һЦԳƽֻͣû뵽ô죬ôѸٶѡңǡǡ׷ɱģң䣬컯Ūˣ˭޷Ѱ
ԣԭֻ߰˳ţʱױʧһҲ׹ȵס
ҹ֮ǰĳв֪ý¼ҵĶӣΪθİɳħ֪˾٣ʹ´ң㸲֪жˣ˶ʧʧ
ʤѩԣٴγĬãŲɵĳĳԼѵĿԣܸ˵˵˴ǶȻʲôȻˣ߰ɣΣཻһĳչʽѶĳʵ²֣
ԣ˫Ŀ΢УʣΪ֣һĳǳЦ
˵һЦҾˣĳ治Ķ֣һĽ£ĳҲ顣
ʤѩԣϣû˿⣬죬´ټǵˣ
˵꣬תȥʾ֣뿪
ԣĬһ£ҲЩ⡣
漴ٲԥֱתȥӰʩչ£һգ۱ӳʮ
ֱоһ׷ʤѩȷʵû׷Ųһ̾ϢԭϵǿҲ֮˸į
䱾ˣκ
һ̾ϢһУȴע޿ء


956 ķطһ
ͣפһƬҰ֮ǰ·ԼѾ֮ԶҲ׷׷ˡ
ǣҲͲŸ·Ϣһ߻¡
һ˼ʤѩཻĵεΣӰţһһǰŷ֣֮䣬ʵԤס
¼ңһպãʹ˾裻ֳһ̤Ỷͬħʮ֮һ
һ¼һţħճȾţµĵӣԴº֪飬Ҳδ
ԼȻĽύλ¼ҶӣʱȻнӽ¼ңһҲҰ˼ڣʵҲδûǷɣΪ㵹ԭ
ֻϧǰ£ΣټʤѩԼħԶܱ½һһΪߴа̵ʱԤеԡ
ߴаȻɶ񣬵̫٣ء
Ҽʹɣһ֮ɣʿԸ⣬½аħһ򾡡һδ˼δʱ䡣
ʤѩȴԶϼаʼϣ̶һ·ߴа£ųɾˡ˫ĺպʥ˾պע⵽Ӷٻ뾩ʥʵĻᡣ
ֻǸʱֻʶĵ׾Щ֣֪ʲôԭ
ҹɱһħȴ̲Աʱǿ֪ļϢȴһ˲佫Щ
һЩɻҲ֮⿪
ռ䣬ʤѩ֮ϣʥҪ£ʱ򣬱롰ʤѩزʶʳڶ֣˾죬Ȼ˵ٳʥʵͬ⣬һɡ
䣬Ӵ̲߲У֪λʳڶֵ塰˾죬ȻħȵӦҺȻ߾ӵħʱһб㼴ס
ⱾһӦϵĹ£ʤѩ飬˾ٳɣʹʥʲỳɣҲѷԡ
ϾֻҪû뵽ħ֮£˭Ҳ֮׵֮£ᷴο£ӱϿǶʥʴء
ԣһʵԤı
ɣȻߴа̵ĵڿһУʵǱ˵Ĳ߻һжǱ˵ȦףԼһֱڹ˱еǹѡ
߽̺пܶǼٵģħȹĶңȻʤѩ߽̣лᱻʥټڱݼ֮ʱ£õħ档
һУԵݣߴаֻ̣߸ƷԼδ֪ԼãǳˣȴͰǸˡ
һУһһĿģʤѩлʥʣõħ棬¡
һ֮ף֮ǰԼǳֵ޵ǣ
ֻһֱΪʤѩĹƭģԸȥϸԭѡ
ڿѳɣԼоȻ˰ס
൱ʹ࣬ʱͷڵأһУδѹµԼ常ܾмԼĸףһʱҲ˿̡
ΪϺϣǳ̰ͼλҲûйҪƭһͰڸ⣬ɱִɱ
ڣԼ۹⿴ˣȻƭ£һֱĽύΪ䣬Ƿ֮ˡ
ƽѵһ֪ѣȴⱳѣʹ࣬øأʹ
һʱ䣬ң쳣ĿʻΪͬ
ƽʲôۣϣ͵£ܿȥ
βͬϾһƷ˿뵽ʥʣ¥󷨵֮ӶԼйأǸѵ
ħ桱Ӧ۳һʱ٣޶Сſʹӣһҹ֮䣬˺ֹǧ٣ֻ±ˣҲݡ
ϾֻһʹŮɣǧҪ˵һҲмǧˡ
⣬ǿʼ
ѣѸϯ½ڶ⣬½м壬ƽ񣬶ҪУһɲĻҡ
뵽һУһʱʹ಻ѣ֮С
Ȼ£ͷβ֪飬ʤѩ֣ߴа̣ɡ˫֮뾩ᣬʥʴͼԭϲ¡
һҹתУ׵Ц

쳤˻ڣ˲ϣ˫ճ죬һ˫УػںޣȻĻ䣬ʶ뷨
ڴʱϺɱһߣѪǱشǷ򼲱
ʿһһξǿ缲磬ԶǷߣһ·׷ɱҪ׷ϣɱ
ߵ˲䣬ĿϵϺۣһ˲䲻ɴ󾪣Ϊϳˡ
ߣȻϣʤѩĹĵʳ֮һಡ˾ͽ
ϣûĿֻʱʶò
ʥʴͼٹȺУ˻ϳֵġಡ˾ͽԼѪˣȻʶò
Ҳˣͬʱʥ˾պ˾պ۲ŴӦ֮Ĺ׼Һ˽ݣҽԭѰţת̸̳С
Ҳʥټ֮ûȥȴȴһҪԭ
Ϊڵȴʳ޼Լ׵Ĺ֮ǰȥݣִɡѪಡ˾ͽֵģ
û뵽ԭļг̣Լ񣬻ûüУʳͱ˴г̣Ҳ겻ˡ
ûлݸףԼ̳֮λǣಡ˾ͽ׷ɱ˴ȴܼȡ
ԣȻĻǿಡ˾ͽ´̿͵׷ɱ£ŲԣۿҪнµһ˲䣬μһ˲ӭȥŭһӸҶ
֣âӿ
һ̣̿ͻûüಡ˾ͽͲס治ŵģԵеıҲॡһ׹ڵأò
ಡ˾ͽ̧ͷʱһ漴ϲ˿Ц
ӣû£̫ˣȻͷһ£ֻϧʳֻǡ
˵ɫҲɳĬȥ
ԣով¡ಡ˾ͽϲҲ֮ΪɢиԾΡ
ûԼҲҹһУᷢ
ಡ޶ġಡ˾ͽҲᱻ׷ɱǱӣбԼһȵһɣ
һУԼ֮ʣಡ˾ͽģֻҲȫѣл޶ʹӣཻ
ԼǶಡ֮һڣֻ֮Ҳûжúûˡ
΢紵һ֮⣬֪ʱ¶ǰףһʱıӣҹȥǣȴûдκεĹϣ
ǸŨе⣬Ϯͷ


957 ķط
ȿȡ
Ȼಡ˾ͽּһϵѸٱó죬ǡǡˣʾʱ޶ࡣ
عⷵգյ㣬Ѱһ
ֻı仯˭˵һ¡
ү
æסֱۣ۶ǻں޺ھΡ
ಡ˾ͽǲ֪뷨ϣҡҡͷӣ㡣Ĺܣûг̬˭Ҳ˵׼ǷƤ£ڲصһʲôĿ
˵꣬˶٣ҲһЦοʥǰ㲢δͬҵȣвٳУʤѩȰ˵ʥʶ
ˣ˵ҵسʶһӣҲڼȴҲվۣһ֮
ǡ
ٽͣಡ˾ͽȴҡҡ֣ˣѾɣⲻһ֮£ǹغȫ¡ʳȻǲˣ˴д棬ȻǧǰǵԴη֮֮ģӡǧ֮ܣͬ飬㡭
ǵϣ֮һ
úôֲǺЩһôûСϷѾˣ㻹ᣬǰ;ܶʱڳɾͷܰ½һ١
ԣ˱Σ֮£ѾǶ½õĽ
ǡ
ꡰಡ֮ԣҲף˵ʲôûôಡԣûκôֻŬȡմﵽ΢Сһ߻ᣬΣ
ǰͻƷȻȫްգڣħ𾧿˳õŰƵ컯ȴвСĿܣڶʱڣͻƷ
ʱ򣬻½ֿħ֮Ҫս֮һ
뵽ˣ˲ᶨԥ֣صͷŵǣүһճɾͷΪħǰ֮һ
ŶǺǡ
ಡ˾ͽĳŵһЦ
ȻʵҲţôΪΪ½ϵ߼ޣô״ﵽ˵һвǿԡ
һϯָܻ־Ŀ꣬Ǻ¡
ǿ£ɥ־ʧ꣬ʵһ½ûκôˡ
ˡ
ڵȻ̿ͣǲ׷ɱǵͷ֮һиǿĸֹ˵Ѿһȫǻǿ߰ɡ
Ϸ˲ֶɾ¡㸸סϾǰΨһѪе˽½˵һΡϷʹҲҪ͵ȫ֮أǿ߰ɣ
ǡ
Ȼ֪ಡ˾ͽתƻ⣬ӹԴ¹𣬵Ծ΢΢һůͷһۣҲõȷˣȻЩѾ׷δزɸǿĸֹ
Ҳԥһͷǣүһǰɡ
״ಡ˾ͽȻ֪ٶȣ֪ƾʱԣԼһǾ޿ܡ
ˣţʡ˶µȰ˵ʱ䣬Լڲ࣬ʹսﲻʲôԼӦΣվһЩǼƣȴҪǿһЩ
Ҳԥ˵ͷãˣǾ鷳ֶˡ
үˡ
˵꣬һֻ֣סಡ˾ͽۣȻһҲֻ֮֮Уšಡ˾ͽͬһ㳯ǰȥ
Ҳ֪ȥಡ˾ͽҲûоĿ꣬뵽뿪ԼԭķǶ޻Ұϵ棬Ҳ;С
ʱ֮Ѿ״ӽƻ裬Ҳ֪ֻ֪ϻĲݴĳ򷶳룬˼
뵽˵ؿѾ׷ϣҲͲ΢
Ȼʵˣǿʱ֮ãټסһˣһֱͬһʽһ÷ಡٶ̫ܺͿѪòһ绤ֵǰ
ֻҪˣ۵ʱ
һͣ;ܻһƬǰȻһƬѹѹķͷ֪ĸʯѲƣϲĿԭסҲѰͦڴ˴ˡ
Ȼ˼һǰֻķ֮ϣӰԶмضţһɱ֮
ˣһ߰ɫۣͷ棬ǱˣȻѳʳħȵİ˲ħ֮һħ˾졣
һˣɫۣԷ裬һѪԵϢǱˣʳಡ˾ͽ֮⣬һˣѪ
ԶҲһ׷һӣյ˴˴
˾Ƕװ벽֮ܡ˾ʵԸһҲ߲ȥѪߣס
ƣһΪ˾ոձħ桱Ӧŭ֮ʳüֵȥ룬Ϊ˱סħȵĵλԼŲԶǧ׷˴
ҲΪѪ֮ǰѾӦԹһɮʥĴɱˣʱ֮ϣѪһʵʮǹԵֵ˾أֻܱѡ


958 ķط
˾죬Ҫ˾飬նɱ˿𣿡
ѪѪϣԴηķŭ֮ɫġ˾죬˵
ٺ٣ٺ١
ߵġ˾죬Ц˵档Ȼ˾û߻ͷ·ĵմ˴֮أ
ôҲδأ
Ѫ״֪²ΥһսѾڱУҲԥ
ƾҲǸ֮ˣһ޷˵˾죬֡۹ĵ䣬ɫƳ죬ЯȻƣġ˾ȥ
ƷƷоѪƣ
״һĻ˾ȴֻЦȻϳѪõƷ
һ漴ϣҲе츳еʵˡѪƣҲ½ɶõһžѧܵõط˲ٿ๦
ֻǡ
˵Ȼһ٣ЦȻͬΪѪȴ˾ֻҪ㲻˾Ҳ͸벻ʳؿ⣬ò֮
ͬ壬ؿԱûƣԣƷɲǰĵƷоɱȡ
ʶһ£ƷоƷƷĲ𣡽аɣϻģǧҶƣ
һȣҲ֣ͬ˲ţһƻӳ
š˾һƻӳ˲һơ
һǧ٣Ҷڿ֦ɢҶ˲ѳǧأڸ˺ƺգ漴ЯçšѪĶ
ƾཻʵһֲԷټ֮ǰ˴ɱܹˡ
ԣһཻ˸֣ʱ˺ͶһߵġѪĶ֣ʱٴܵشѪɳ
þಡ˾ͽϵۼ֤һĻ
ѪѪˣಡ۽֮ɫͬΪʳ˶֮һȻؿšѪ
ֻڵԼѾǿ֮ĩ֮ôܾȵˡѪ
ңͬУһڲࡣ
״ڣҲԥһ䣬һݺĳƿշɳУţеĴμƷâ
һгһ鲻ԣѾӶϣŶġ˾켲ɱȥ
֮
Уʱıۣͬѣһʱס˾Ǻεˣʹս֮Уһ֣֪Σա
ţȻߡ
תͷһһ漴һǴϲ
ףȻ©֮㣬ãһ򾡣ҲʡñΣֻõһͷһಡ͵콾رʥǰֵܷĹҪһ֡
Ȼֻһۣϳ͡ಡ˾ͽݣ˵ĵûʲôη֮ɫϲ
Ҳǡ
롰Ѫಡ˾ͽͬڻʳȻǵĿ֪֮ϴ
Ȼ죬μӹǻ˾֮һϴ
ͷڡħ桱ӦǰҲЩڱ
Ȼʵȴ񣬵˾ת׼ȶԸȴ֣УҪѲʮ
ϻľ绯֣
;һΣ޹ǣܹ˾湥ֱϮؿڣԴдѧؼ֮һ绯֡
ƣư齣磬һʱ䣬âʩչʽʩչ绯֣սȻѹסλʳڶ֡
ȻһĻ˾ȴ۴֮ɫ۾¶֮ɫôܣôʳڹϻľеʧַ
޹ֺ𾪡
ʳڹΪȱƷн׹ϻľ˽֪
ϹʱڣŹǲȱģֻǧ꣬䵽Īʧȥֻľؿ֮Уɹѧϰ
ľǵһķϻĹؼܣƷǧҶƣԼ߾ֻһܹģ
ǣϻľУʧ٣֮һǴ˿̣ʩչľ绯֡
ϻľеľһŶصʹ޹ǣ룬ֻҪĹһ绯ֱֱ۽ı塣
طȻʮǿ󣬡˾һȴҲֻûмʵӡ
û뵽ȴһϼȻȵԸӡ
漴뵽ʲô۾˲
Ŷˣȥصأд塣ϻʧĵľǴ֮еõҲãձñȥ¶Ӧһطϻʹ
Ѿʳˣȴ޳ܣ˵Ҫϻʹһʱ䣬ֹѾ˵һߣֻΪսġѪಡ˾ͽΪ죬е߳ܡ


959 ķطģ
ȻΪˣȴҲ֪ʵǿ롣
˵Ҫȥ绯ţҲǲܵ顣
ˣɰΪȴƣǰæвɰȴҲûκΰ취ֻܸɿš
ոս֮Уƽӣսɱѹơ˾죬Ҳһ˿
ҲȻһЩʵҲҪڡ˾죬վǴڵӣǱ徳ʿǰĶ콾
˵ܷʲô漣Ҳǲܵ顣
ȻһĻȴǾ㲻Ϊ֮ɫһ䣬иոڴǰʵû顣
񽣷
ֻ˾ʽתһߣ֪ʱһī
īͨ尵޹⣬ȴ·һһߣײγһī״Ȼһ
һݺᣬҹǳ͸ŨŨɱ֮Ҫһٽɱ
ȻҲ֪ƾʵȫѹ̸ܣɱȡ绯֡š
ԣɴóƣܣһóڰԶսġѪಡ˾ͽˣɼġ
״ͫһҲеΣգд󺧣æˡ
ףǱĽһ㣬ҲҪˣҪ˵ֱӻˡ
򵥡
½ա
״ҵһ죬֣ģһɫ¡
»ڰգһƬɫԣܵĿռ侹Ȼ类桰˾Ĺʱӡ
ռط
״˾۾¶һ˿֮ɫ漴һЦֶλͦ࣬ǵС㣡
䣬˫ͫȻҲһƬΪһƬҹգȻ˲佣Ⱪǣһ
ͣ
òӪĿռ֮˲䱻ƣͷĿռط½գڶԷʽǰû˿ֿ֮
ʲô
״ٴβɴ󾪣˼תȻãǰһĻЩϤ
񽣷
૵صһߺˣһ߼ٻݣԺйȥĸʽһ֡һ֡ݣӷҳȻסˡ
ԺУ֮ǰаɽ֮ʱֵһĻٴγǰ
ʱ
аɽӣƷ桱аǵĸаɽɽ֮λ֣Ӫ׽ɱаħ֮Уһʱҡ
ս֣¶ԡƷ桱а䣬аɽ֮һ޵ԡƶ᣻ս̸޾̡
µаɽӣҲ׽˺ɱۼս뽩֡
ڴʱƶٻ裬ʽߣսһʱߵаɽ¾˲أս˲䡣
аɽ̫ϻ֮һҲݴаɽɽġš಻״ŭ
˫ȨȴܿɱֱаɽҵһԺ֣߳ȴ˵סˣ
ʱаɽһ֡Цᡱľаɽϵս߽װ벽۷ʵȻǸͻȻ˶֡
Ǹˣʱʹõģνġ񽣷
߽װ벽۷ġš಻Ƕ֣ۿҪΣͷʵ֮£ڳսڶɸ֣ѹ¾ƣסаɽһ
Ǹ˵ǿȴ𾪣û֪ݡ
һ룬ʱʳǰģڳǰλʳ壬˾졣
ʱУȴزڳ뵽գԼʩչ񽣷
ȻһףΪεգ˾첻аɽ߲ԮʩԮ֣ʧˡ
ԭǱ仯òûаһɣֳ֣󡰻׸һв롣
ϵħħݣһлȻ򣬴¡
ͼħȣһֱ⼸£˾죬αĿѣ֪˶¡
˾У޶ħͷܷųΪЧ
ʳһ֮£֮ϣٳ裬ȴԲ⣬ͼıȡλʳȴҲûԼһ˽
ˣϧ
뵽ˣһѾףƾʵʵԼ²Ī񽣷֣Ͼֽ̫ˣÿһÿһʽɱţԵֵ
Ƕ֣ûпԷİ취
ʽһΣܹԷĹٲԥһ֣ϢĴУһűƿ컨ƵԲ
Ӱ
ӰͻȻӿ죬˻γʮӰÿһֳâ̳ҡ˾ߣȻȻ壬һλεľ޴ڡ
˭Ҳûע⵽һԲϢڽڸ£ˡ˾ǰ


960 ķط壩
Բ򣬳ֵϢֱ˾ǰʱ˾췽ž
ϾǶװ벽ľ֣ȻûпԲ򣬵֣ˡδȾĹܣΣպɱжضеĸ֪
ǣ˲о˿ɲĺ⣬ٽûоܹģ̲ס㤴С
֪ãμˣΪԷһ֮ϲܡ
Ȼˡ
ļƻôãﱸôãӰߣ·һб;գΪħʥ򷢻ӳ
ûЮӰ֮ͳģǱʳؿ֮У֮һ
һΪϹɷ̣ڶߣſ۵ħʥ
򣬵ԶţһλʦżɣһţÿһŽӵлصĿֲϣֻһţգ䵽ϡ
˵һըը˷ǿߣɼ
Ȼûзûв£һλǿ֪Σ٣ƾһλǿǿֲֶΣֻ취ħʥ򣬸ﲻǰըˡ
ǼʹħʥըǿҲޡ
һԵģϾǷǿߣֻһλװ벽װ벽ķǿߣϾ֮ʵ
˾ûвͼֱħʥٽŸ֪ΣգҪѾˡ
˽룬ֲħʥһλڴ£ֻ¶ҪˣҪ˵һװ벽
ˣֻݺύĵ׽ӰԼһתе֮ڣǿԲȻһ٣ȻȻ渡ֳѺۡ
䣡
һ쾪쳹صľ죬š˾һŭӵġ֣ͬʱ쳹ҹա
һ޴ںɫĢƣֱ֮˷Բ֮ڵвľ飬涼翪˼ʮӡ
ħʥ֮ǰαˣͬʱдѪಡ˾ͽȻԣҲֶ֪ΣڶΣǰ뿪롣
˾һֱæսһ㣬ȻֻҲ羯ڣѾˡ
ȥʱ֣Ʋɢ¶ԭĻ֮ء
صѪಡ˾ͽߵһͬĿȥʹ֪Ҳһզ࣬Ҫ˵δ˿ֲһĻġѪಡ˾ͽˡ
ֻԭĻŷأѾٿ¶µɭɭ׹ǡ
˾챾ˣָͬϵĴ䣬ȫըٵһβʣһ˿⣬鲼ƬȻȫǿħʥһ˲䱬ըĸ£˻ҽ
ֲı׼Ϸǿʹõģû뵽ǰóȴΪ˶Ըʳ壬˾졣
˾ֻҲûϵűؿУҲοħʥȴ˻Լס
Ȫֻ֪Ҳںɡ
һҰۣʹսᣬһ࣬ıˮ
ͼҵһգǿ֮·Ρ
Ӧܵͨգ˺ѣȻʳǣȴҲԼ֮ǿ̡
ȴҲʳԼӵı֮¡
ҲһһģĪǰӦ
Ӵ֮ϿʥʣҲԼıԼɡ
ԶǿֲӣԣĬá
գǡಡ˾ͽһԣˣŵֶǣ
ԣһҲɴӳĬоѣЦһ£Ҳû飬漴شħʥ򣡡
ħʥԭˡ
ԣǡಡ˾ͽǡѪտʼʱһȻû뵽漴˾ͷӦ˹Ц
Цᶼ˳Цǣƣסԣģȴǿޱȡ
Ȼûмħʥ򣬵ΪʳͷλүȻܽȥؿ⣬ȴؿеһЩйš
ħʥȻС
˵ħʥ򣬵ǡ˾죬һλħϽɻģΪȡʥʣصϣȻǵմã͡
ʥʵõ֮Ҳûʲôá
Ƿǿߣ֮ʹ֮ڸƣпޣ¾иֳ֮вЦ
ڣһħʥ˺˵ģҲǵ˾죬Ҳʳ֮ζ֮ϧΪȡѫԭ֮һɡ
ʥְ˼£ӽؿ⣬գȴȡߡ
á˾ԼϵıըԼ֮£Ī˵ɺϣҲֻأӦˬ
Цϣ˶ӣȻͬʱͨһڵء
λүǣ
һȫû뵽д˱ʣæȥ
ϣȴؾֱܾߵ֮վ
ಡ˾ͽɫص㲻ҪóԾҪԽܡǴ˹һǸл˵ľ֮֮ΪҲҪԭȴǸл㣬ʳɱĶͽȴһ׮Ը
أʥȪ飬ҲẬЦŰɣ
⡭
޴룬һʱֲǣֲǣֻվԭء
ȿȣ
ͻȻಡ˾ͽٴһԣɫʺѪȴɲǲ԰ֽ
ϵϢ˥֮֮ʱϨ
Ѫ״󾪣æһһңסȻѪһжͬǣƣһѪӿͷһģˤ
Ȼˣֿôõʱ䣬˾ѵ;ƿݣͷˣ롰˾սǣңͬʱ䡣
ħʥը˾죬Ǵϲ󱯣ϿЦ֮£һԪڱɢͬʱߵľͷ
˻һһһ£ɡಡ˾ͽ˵
ӣʱ䲻ˣԭ뵽ñˣע·ʱ̣ΪУӣ
ֻ£ǻǣҡһûʳδڣǿϣ


961 Ĺŵ棬Զؿ
ϣδ
૵ص׽ʣԡ
ಡ˾ͽ͡Ѫ״һЦȻͬʱһ֣ˣʥϣ㻹ûȥΪ׼ؼ飬ܵ񡣡
֮ǰѾӦģڣȻʶʱףȻԵڴֽʳһλ񣬱㲻ɷϣ
˵Ŀ⾼ڶҲ̸һ£ȴܼ԰쵽ġԸǵļᣬΪʳһλ
⣿
ãȻȫûϵڴʱ˿̣ȻȻҪе
ѴӦ˵Ҫһְ죬ԾеģֻǡʳʥʶѲڣ֮λʲôеıҪô
ҡ
ܣҰݷأӲݴ
֮䣬ǰٹټ֤ͬ죬Ҫ̨ڼƣ򣬺ңͽӡͨ£䣬һһĴ¡
ڡ˵̨ƣһ֦һ񶼿ôе
ң˵ơ
ǵĿ⣬ѪĿ⿴ע֮Ŀһ䣬Ȼֶһ˲ţĪҲѧжڷ׽ڣк򣬽ӡȻϽܴҰɽ棬ίˣ
һæ޴⡣
Ǿͺá
ѪԭҲֻװװӣԣһЦǾͲҪ֮ˣش䣬¼ȨҲûа취顣
ԣԱߵġಡ˾ͽҲЦǰֶǡ֪Ϊǵ룬ʱ˵أѵ;ƿ֮㲻ִд£Ҳ˶ãźȥβһԸ޺ߣ
ҡ
˵һ٣ּ㿴˵أɽӹ֤ڴǻʤ̨ӡȲôᣬ֮ϣ˭ܷλΪûʸ̳д֮λأ
ԣҲɶȻһɼ֮顣
ǰ˵ȻʲôҲûУΪ֤ɽӹʳͬʱᣬ˭ܹ٣Լʲôܽܵģ
ңԸܾǻź޶գȫǵ˼ҲԼһǸ롣
Ͼܲ룬֣Ӵ˳ΪʷΪĶ
Լϣ֣øãԼĸףҲ˼סɣ
뵽ˣٲԥȻһֱֱعڡѪ͡ಡ˾ͽǰֶҲһеƾλү
ãܺã
Ȼѵ;ƿݣع֪֮ⷵʱ޶ˣڻ֮ϣĴΰݡ
Ϊ㣬֦֯ڣ¡صߵ֮󣬡Ѫ͡ಡ˾ͽ֣صؽһö͵̺õġ֮¡͵ǰ
ӹϸֻһöͭСӡ岻ͼΪʳĻӡֻӡ
ӡ뵽ԼҲһöٸнСٴγ˴ΰݡ
ȻþòŻӦɻ̧ͷȴλүݰ꣬ɫϲزڻ֮ϣԼл۾ȴѾõرϣ˺Ϣ
һֺգ׹µƽߣͬʾʳβ
ģһʱ֪ΪΣʯأֻȴû˱ˡ
֪λүȻ˲ұ䣬˫˫ǰȴϲöֵġ
ǣҲҪͰȥ̣Ͼƣһ׻
ģء
ԭأǸʽܾãܾãֱҹ׽٣һҹѻͷϿշɹͻȻѡ
ĬĬٴλүһۣ漴˫ڵٳһӣ˲˽ȥһ֮ٲԥת۶ȥ
Ѫ˾׷ɱһ·򱱣Ϊľڱ߽ĸڱӪ֮С
֮ʱҲʶһ·ȥصУ;УҲűȥġ
û뵽վǻزȥˡ
һף֮ãΪֻһѰĻؾȴľӪ
ಡ˾ͽһҵҵһΪʳͣԶǣΪԼһӣҲ
û뵽֮ʱȴ뿪ǿʮĹֻ֮ҲʣһĶһ
Ŀ꣬ء
һ£ףʵҪѾģҪϧһдۣﵽнװ벽֮Ȼб߻ģǰţȡԼƵ컯չͻƷ֮
һɷɲǡħ桱Ӧ۵Ķ֣ҲҪڣһħ»̫ƽ
ڴ֮ǰҪǰԼϻؽĵõħ𾧿˵أһֱƻ֮Уͻнװ벽߾Ļʯ
ԣһ·򱱣ҹ̣ǲ߲ݣ¶򱱶УҲǷǷǣ
ԭҪһµ·̣òʮʱʽﵽ
;ԽԽǻǧﲻ˿̣գԺͼµĵͼڶһƫƧҰ֮ϣУһʮƧ档
ڵ֮ԣһʯ֮ϣַ񻭳һССӡǡ
ûˡ
һʱ䣬׿϶ԼûߴԼĵǴħ𾧿ڵأҰϵ棡
ûеͼָ治ҵɼĻƧ塭ΧǧﷶΧûκδׯ̣񶼾
ٲԥһݣֱֱسȥĽӽһ͸ˮ״Ķסȥ·±
ǣֻ΢΢һ֣гһơ
ڽӴΧ֮ʱʱ΢΢⣬ԶһŻ谭ֱԾ˽ȥ漴ٴηǵ͸ˮ״ĶָֻܿԭȻ
֪˵أӵпƵˣ֪˵һ亱ħ𾧿ѰÿڣС


962 չ׼
ɢӰҲ֮ʧӰ٣·ûгֹ
Ұżţɽ紵һ̣꼸ǧ궼˼
ϵ֮еֻնȻһʹһ˿ɫȻд͸
ǣϵвĵ⣬γɵĵΪ
ɴһ𺳡
Ҫ֪Ȼûпʩչڶδ֪ΣķӦǿһݻû뵽ϵеĵȴް취ֱӱա
ң幦Ѿ˵ڣȻһֱ֪ﵽ߲㣬Ҳ߾ԲҪԵ׼ˣҲʮǿˡ
ƽ˵һƵ±ĸֵҲļϹγѪۡ
ϵУһ΢ɼĵˡ
뵽ϵ֮ɲ²⣬˵ؼпϹĳλ⵶ǿҪôսһն䣬żҪôڴӣԵżȻһ죬նò
ˣܽʹ˵Ϊ죻ҲΨϹŵǿߣΪˡ
ԴˣҲ޷룬ֻһ漴΢תʮеĻ֮ǽź࣬콵䡣
֮Уľľˮˮ˻𣬻˽
ʮȻǰƷΪ˽ԣǿֵóܴ˷ϵеĵ֮ǡ
֮£Խ£ԽǺڰ
ӵкҹĹܣν
תͷȥֻұѷ绯ҳ״ԸְವɫԼɼһ޴ĵۣبУʯڵ˿ڣңֻǧɳľ
ǶôֶΣô˾ʵ
Բ²⣬ֻֻ̾廳
ʹǧ֮꣬Уɴ޴ֲѹƺҪᾡ컯ɱǧ飬ʵ˸е𺳣̶ԼС
ţ굽Ǻεȿֲǿߣһ˿ֲĵֻۣ·ǿ߶ûͣҲ׾ӽâڵǿ
Щʷĳʧ٣ҲҲˡ
ȻҵǣΪǧ꣬ʯڵ֮ȻдƵѹѾɢ࣬Ŷɶв
Ȼ˵룬ֻ»ûڣҪ˲䱻籡ĵɷ˰ɡ
⣬Ϲǿߵʵ
ҲΪ֮𶯶
Ҳ֪˶ãڣ潥ףﵽײ⣬Ƭֻ̹¾Ϸнǧɾ롣
ǧһ޴µ֣ƽطӣʹʵֻҲҪСʱ䣬壬ȴҪֻ࣬һ̶ѡ
ˣҲľˡ
ﵶײħ֮ͫҾʯɸ죬ɶߣ̺һɶصĲԹ֮⣬ȴûмԵħ𾧿󶴡
֪Ȼᱦó;ûԻƵĵ˵رҪڣֻһʱûҵѡ
ģֻҪǰߣ˶ã϶ҵħ𾧿ڡ
£һΪҪ£Ǳǣϵ֮Уؿ֮УĵһϹɷ
˵ĵڣ֣ϵΧõ󷨲ǵУֻƷ׻治ִͣ
½֣ⶫ߻ģɲҴ⣬˭֪ħȵ˻᲻ҵ˴չ;˴룬ǿɺĪ
ԣΪԷһҲΪȷպչ֮ʱİȫҪɷԱһ
ãҲûʲôôֻ֮Ҫûб˻Իʱʹã뿪ʱһֽţȡؾͺˡ
ԣ뵽ͳؿеõɷ̣ȡ졣
ֳ̣ڷϵײϿˣڣɷ֮ϣȻһǵâ΢ǳϣ˸
˲ףҵѵĲصˣ̲֮Ӧ
ҲûԥڵʯѳһԲȦȻĴ˼ɷ̴ڵķҵʮĴڵ㣬죬ΧһС͵ıá
һʮȫ£ʱһ۷·һ𣬱˴˽ӣһε֮֮γɣسײÿһÿһ߷Բ뱣ķΧ
ôߵˣһ룬乥ǹ⻯
ͣȻýȻҲƲϹ
ܵʥʿۣ֮ؿ⣬ȻһǾ֮ɷȻҲˡ
߻֮ǰµʯȦλã̧Ŀȷʮ֮󣬾ͲԥڵһԼİӣȻɷСȥ
ɷ֮ܵٴһȻȻûܵУʧ
̺û̵ľ޴ˡ
û̵ɷ󣬹ȻҲеԣ˷ƽĻᣬǿ̣侹ȻԶûֻд֮ʱŻḡ֣ҲԶǹֻʮܴﵽġ
һв֮֮Ҳеƣ
壬顣
ҲףʦԲβ󣬴ȫɷƳ̲һ
ԼһЩ֮ɷǲΣֱ췽ҹ̷±һ㶥ʦҲ
ҲɷΪϡٵԭ
ΪһЩĴƳʵ̫ϡˣУҲΪڻҵ֮⴫
ʦûֻһЩеͽ׵С󷨣ȥЩûжֵֻʤޡ
Ĵ󣬴ǿܰ쵽ġ
ǰԼĳɹҲһЦ
ɷڣ᲼õ⣬رֻҪԷʵѴԼڣԼıչء
ǣٲԥתͷһȥ
֮ǰ֮ʱֵⷢһССʯ϶ʯ϶ܵ洫һǿҵĻϵϢϴϸ΢΢ĺ˸
֮ǰΪæŲ̽飬⵶֮׾ôطѾˣֻһ쳣Ҫ˵ûв²⣬ǲܵ顣
ˣƶǴʯ϶Ӧþͨħ𾧿ڡ
ʯ϶֮дĺͻϢħ𾧿¶һСĹâͻ
ôţȻֱǴʯ϶λȥ
Ľų̣Ƭ̹򣬱صǴ˸źʯ϶֮£һƣʱһ紵ʯ϶֮һЩ䳾ʯȫɨ⣬˳һͨųȥ


963 ͻͽ
ʯ϶Ȼ֣ǰһЩ͵ɽڣɫɽ֮ϣǣ׺żŵɫָ׸ǴСͨ͸ˮʯ
⣬ӦνƷϵħˣ
߽΢΢һ٣ʱٶһ¶϶࣬Ϊɶģõһ
һʱֲࡣ
ǰ벿ȷ͸Ͼˮ벿ݣȴһ˿Ұɫǰ벿ݽȻͬƺʯ飬ԻûȫȫֻƷ
ħ𾧣Ϊ֮أϵԪ㣬ԲγɵͨʯҲϵԪĳΡ
ΪԪԭħ𾧵ļֵ֮ĻϵʯԵƣҲΪʲôõһħ𾧿ԼɣҪóԭ
ȻħҲƷϣĻϵԪһȣֵȻرֵᷢһĻϵԪ˵óԼڲֻ¶Ҫͷ˶磬ֱ
¸ŵĸ߲㣬ʶ㣬˸ֱ֪һϵԪҪôԹԽӵȨҪôƷַӱ𣬸ܻȥ
ƥ˵ľ
ϵԪļֵ̫ˣ˭ֻҪһ֣ҪĶΪ֮ΪƴҲϧ
֣һſʯ¶ħ𾧣ЩħȻȫȲĻϵԪϾƷҲӵһ˿Ļϵܡ
ܵõħ𾧣ֱпٳһ󶴣ֱħ𾧿֮еħĽԡͼٶȣؽ
ٶȴĽԡͼԭûޱȵˮԴҲ֮ˮǴߣﵽһ˼ĵز
ҲôĶҪ߼ħ𾧿ԭ
ǸʱûеõˮԴôħ𾧿ҲԡͼĻϵתˮϵ
һٶҲǱǡ
ڣˮԴħ𾧿ɵĻϵתֱʹãһศɣٽöˣֵȻԶ
ʯڱ¶ħȫ֮Щԥˡ
רҵĲɿˣ֪οɿ󣬸ûЩɿĹߡ
ҲѰˣﵽ㣬һ˫ƣֻ±ɱȵǿд˫ڣٿ󶴵ٶȣѰڵԴԴֻ»Ƽ䣬ܿٳһ޴Ŀ󶴣Щͨ˲֪ǿȥˡ
ɿ󶴷ǱѰһҪ׼ڵ㣬Ҫ֪̽ڸֵȷ֮زһɿ󶴣ҲһӲܵʱû⣬չʱˣʱ鷳ʹˡ
ԣҲ취ȷԼİȫżѰҸ֮أɿ
Ƭ֮󣬻Ǳ뵽һǰ취İ취ǾǣһϵԪܾ֮أֱõٳһ󶴣Ȼӹһ󷨣Ϳ濪ˡ
뵽֪ʱȵҲͲԥֱӱĿƬ̣ȷһûϵԪӯ֮أֱӳ
ɳƬ̣ͿٳһʮɷԲԼɵľ޴ӶУ΢һ׵ķװã˽ȥ
Ƚ֮ǰԼµʮħȫǰĵ£ڣȻִħ𾧵ĺۼЩħ𾧣еѾȫɣ鳹ױ͸ɫҲеĻǳ״̬һ鳤״ĻҺʯĻϵԪӲȫá
ЩûйϵֻҪڴ˵תԡͼħ𾧿ĻܣԡͼȻȥеʣֻеľ⡣
Ŀ£תԡͼٴһɫܵħ𾧿ʯʱǣһƵ˿ߣϳϥӿȥ
ǧɫ˿ߣеۿеģȴγ˳ϵٶȣһ¼
ͬʱϱõʮħ𾧿ʯԼ󶴱ħ𾧻һ֮󣬸񴦵һЩħ𾧣ͬܵǣɢһƻϵ뵽֮С
ԡͼҵԶеľųٶȣﵽһĵز
ΨһϧԽħ𾧿ǣٶԽʱԽÿյĻϵܣﲻףһ󶴣ֻһʱ䣬֮ػ
Ȼٶȣٴδ󽵣صʱ
ԣֻȡ֮ڵħ𾧿ʯͲˡ
ңʮĳ;棬ʣһСϵԪѾϣԡͼĵҲ֮ǰʽﵽĵز
֮ǰѾʽʼˮԴֻǽչ
ˮԴ˵򵥣Ҳȫ汾еķԭӦӦƿˮڣּ֮ˮԴţƿʵڲУˮֵ壬ںϣľս
Ҵ˵Įû֮ػҲıţʵһʱ½һ޹ϵβˮԴֻǽչ
˳ɹˮԴ壬ԽҲǶʱڼģҪֻһһ
ģǲʹħ𾧿ÿһٻһԡͼƷߵ֥ʹͬʱƽֻౣƽ⡣
ʵԼٶȳųװ벽۷ǰȻˮԴضԶΪȼҲڽӽнװ벽ˡ
⣬ʣһ޴Ľ
ۼ䣬¹ȥ


964 Դ
һգһħʯ֮бչش֮ϣȻһϢ
һɫ𣬳ȼܴ𣻹ûãûֳˮڵ࣬ƺࡣ
ǣ
ھ䣬Ȼ䣬ˮײ͵һƺʲôƿˡ
漴͵Ԫ񱼶ֱӹעΪһŻϵԪħ𾧿ʯṩĻϵԪԼƷߵ֥ȵİ£ڳɹͻװ벽۷塣
ֻһﵽнװ벽ڡ
һŻϵԪѾϣʣģҲǴ֥Լ޾ħ𾧿ˡ
ȻЩԴ֮ڣͻнװ벽ڣڶ⣬ǿҲûܣֻҪﵽнװ벽۷壬߽װ벽Щѡ
ǣʱ֮ڣָǿ֮ĻԵȻûа취
ʹˣҲǳˣѾԤڡ
Ҫ֪Ԥڣһ֮ڣͻнװ벽ھ㹻ڱشڶвСĸʣ²ͻнװ벽۷壬Ҳûʲôźġ
ֻǣһ׷˵ܴﵽ߽װ벽ȥͻķȻãֻⷬ뷨Ҳֻ꼻һ֣ѣҲ֪ʵֲˡ
ֻǡ
뷨ȴû뵽һ⣬ⷬ룬˿ڴʵ
һ죬ٴһħ𾧻֮һ¼һħ𾧿󶴣ⷢˡ
ƣӦʯֵһ֮£˵ͨʯ¾ħ𾧣Ҳ˲һ룬һ󶴣ַӵ顣
죬⴦µħ𾧿ʱȴ˴ۡ
һ£ûǰĿڣ˻ʹ
ذοղѵʯͿɫʯ֮ڣģȻһޱȾ·澫һʯмˮ
Դ
һĻʱһ죬漴Ӧ˹ʲô˲ɶ𣬱ÿϲѡ
Դ
ȥذ˰ΣȷԼһʱпյ뷨ûв´
龫ƷĳʯǱ޵磬лϵʿĶԴ
˵ħǻϵԪδɰ棬дƷԴǻϵԪľ棬Ʒ
һǧŻϵԪУҲδܵһԴһöԴ֮У̺ĻϵܣһŴƷϵԪһٱһǧ
Ҫ˵֮ǰյ֣ûг׳͵İƷϵԪˣԵơ
˵ħ𾧿֮УмСĸʣ죬һ鼫ԴֵУһֱûۼʶ
û뵽ΣȻۿھġ
⻹ǰһε֮¡
֪ħ𾧿ļ۸񣬽һԴ֪Դϡ󶴣֪ʲô飿
أǵ֪ħ𾧿УھһԴҲܽԼھ
ֻ˶֪ħ𾧿УԴĸʣֻǴ˵
ᣬҲû⣬ˣμӾ֮ʱҲὫؿǽУ󷴵
ž޴˷ܣСοΧʯԴȡ˳ּȥ
֪ħ𾧿УǷԴһǶһ޶ֻһͷ
һ޶İҲ󣬵ħ𾧿ɽΪĸء
뷨ڿĶһλϸģҽһٻһԴʱڶˡ
Ҳ֪ԴӲ̶ȳûô׻ٻģȻϸĽţһڣС죬գȴʧˡ
ûѰڶµԴ
ˣҲ㹻ˡ
ΪֻһԴ֪ʱʱ䡣
һ룬һдƷĻϵԪٶȴӣԴƷʱȻϵԪãΡ
Ѿ㹻İգͻнװ벽ڣ΢Сļʣͻнװ벽۷塣
Ѱڶ飬㹻İգԼ޵֮ǰͻнװ벽۷壬вСĸʣ߽װ벽ڣŷ컯
ⷬ뷨ϢҲΪ٣ΪĶ
Ϊ˶ףнװ벽ͻȻҲܳɹվȱܴӸ߽ף׽룬͵ˮɣûʲô֢ԺĽҲ˳ࡣ
ʹУʹĶҲ֪Լⷬ뷨жôס
ʣʱ䱾Ͳ࣬ħ𾧿֮УܷһԴѾֵƱۣ¡ٷֵڶ飬飬࣬ڳ˵Ρ
ԣûͶڿжУǿյֵĸƷԴصǿԴĵزϥմ˵صĻϵԪܡ
ԡͼһȦһȦתϵ֮ܿڵħ𾧻ܣĵԴ֮УҲɢݳһưʵʵԪս֮С
ٶȣ˲䱩һأٶȣƲ£ͻнװ벽ڣһº
ٶȣ֮ǰ붼롣
ȻҲ仹֥ԭ
ռΪԣܿڵĻϵԡͼҹΪҲΪϵԵ֥Ϊ
һศɣֻΪˮԴĻʯٽˮԴΪҲɿ죬ٶȣȻﵽһĿֲ硣
ʱţգۣٹȥʱ䡣
һ죬һУھһԴƷʸߣ̺ĻϵӾƷԴٶȣٴαһСء
һ֮һ±չ֮ھĵʮħ𾧿֮УϢһǣ߳⣬ȻǰһڣֱӶȭͷĿ׶
нװ벽ڣɣ


965 ʱ
һ֮ԼȥʮңԤĿ꣬ԭٶȣҪһ
һͻңԼΪԱԼڵõƵ컯ʱ׼ʸ
ʱţתۣһʱȥ
һУŴ£һǰħ𾧿󶴵ľϵܣھ򵽵ĵڶԴϵԡͼ
䣬Ǽ֥Ʒ½׹
ħ𾧿󶴼ԴԴϵĻϵ֧֣ĽԡͼȻٶȷɿ죻ټʹ֥ȻҲ
ټзؾʣᴿ磬ԼˮԴĴе͡
һศɣΪ磬Ҳ֮
һµʱ䣬ͻнװ벽ڣԼнװ벽ھ磬Ŀǰнװ벽۷嶼һ
뿪֮ǰԤ뵽ġ
ʱΪʹþһʱ䣬Ҳʹﵽнװ벽ڣһδܳɹڣнװ벽۷嶼һ
мĲ࣬ȻǾ޴ġ
Ȼ˿ٵٶȣѵĴҲǾ޴ġ
İƷǮҲһƷۣµƷߵ֥Ѿһգֻʣָ׸ǴôһСƬ໹֧߰ʱ䡣
̲Դħ𾧿󶴣ҲһգֵܱħԪܣһա
ңһ֮Уħ𾧿Уַ˵ĿԴȻûи࣬Щôٵʱнװ벽ڵҪԭ
ԣϣܿٹͻΪⲿԴһգֻʣһСƬ֥ԼһԴ
ⲿ֮ҵʱڣȫϡ
ˣɾ͹ȻϲˣҲǾ޴
Ȼ˵ֻҪܿΪ磬¸ٶۣҲνģֻۣЩϧѡ
һ£ǰ߰죬ƾҪһ֮ڵʱֻºͻ߽װ벽Ҫ˵ס
ȻҲ֪ЩҲͲٶ룬ܱԤڸﵽнװ벽ڣѵھ磬ԶԶԼ㣬Ѿˡ
һ£ȴټڴƫƧ֮ˡ
˴ȫȻȫû˴ţһһСħ𾧿صñȽûбֻ֣ܼһЩΪ磬ǣȴ˱Ҫ뿪ʱˡ
ϾǧɡŮԼһ֮ڣһ֮Ҫϵţȡ컯һ֮ų
һųʱ컯ɣƽ׶һ¸·ʱ䣬
ΪԷһܸһ֮ǰţȡ컯̷ֱͻơ
ʱͻƵ˷ЩҲûʲô취ˡ
ԣѾڴ˵ؼ죬ûпֵܷ壬Դͬʱ׼ˡ
û֣Ҫأƶǰܲȡ컯׷
ֻǣȴû뵽ʱչûн⿪󷨣뿪ϵ棬һ֮䣬ȴͻȻ١

ԭ֮ϡ
ʧӰǰţżˣ·ؿһɫġ̡֣ɫţͬèϷһ㣬׷š
ǰļӰŮϴŵ·Ҳǧٹ֣ϸһȻд¥ɫ۵ŮӣԼɫ·칤ɽӣԼһɫ۵Ůӡ
ģȻŵӡ
ˣϢѨΪһ󱲵УҲ̳˿̣⼸¡ַ̡ε׷ɱ֮ʱȴһɫޱȣɫ԰ףʪ͸ȻҲ֪˶õʱˡ
ˣԷҲԽԽۿ֮Ҫһһƽ
ȻǰһĵϿһ߷棬ףչص֮أϵ档
ǰɫŮӣͷһԽԽļˣȻȻ֮ɫҲ
䣬Ȼһ˿ྡྷһԾǷϵ׵Ͽ֮ȥ
߽㣬𡭡
칤ɽеӣԼɫ۵ŵӣһʱûӦԮǲɴʧɫ
Ǽ´̲ԱҲ֮⣬һû뵽˵ظպóôһƬ棬Ҳû뵽¥ȻôۿѲ˶ֱ֣һԾҲԸ
йýģ潻ǵ񣬷κΰ˴ŵĵӣҪôܣҪôֱӻɱŹһ
ǹʣȻͬ飬ԲɫһһˣΪ֮ˣӿٶȣͬʱ۴ǶȥˣϽסʣ˵˿ɱȻŵ˱˶ˡ
ǣ
ԣ⼸³Աͬʱɫһ࣬ӿ˽ŲۿҪ׷ǰˡ
״뵽䵽⼸´̲ԱеĲ״еʱ磬칤ɽµӣԼŵӣһۣȻͬʱһҧȻҲٲԥͬʱڷ֮Уȥ
ˣˡ
Ǽ´̲ԱɿϵץȥȴֻץסƬ½ǣ֮㣬˿ȴ֮ʧӰ١
´̲ԱŲһ٣ͣסԼҲҪȥ̽ͷȥ
ֻף˴ŵȫʧӰƶͬʱˤ÷ǣԻˡ
˴ض㣬ڲѣȴҲûκΰ취
ħȵĽƶУץһİڵӣȻȱ֪䣬ʬ׽ԿİڵҪǿö࣬Ҳ
ڣӦǵļˣȴѼӣˣüβ߳ŭ
㡭
Ȼһ̲Աŭָһ̲ͬ飺Ԭ˵ҪϷˣСƤһ˽Ҫ𣿡
ңô𣿡
СԬĴ̲ԱʱЩˣĿصϴⲻԣʱҶͬ˵ģ˵֮ڳ⣬ôȫֵһͷϡ£Ҳ֮ǰûԤϵģԲԣ飬ҲӦǴһͬš
ǿʶ㡭
һˣҪ粵
һ⡣
ڴʱΪ׵Ĵ̲죬ŭüһŭȵˣҪˣ鷳Ūò⼸һˣǴǳϵҪץˣ
˫üԭⲽҲеͷۡ
༸̲Ա״ʱҲ˵ˣҪҲͬʱͣס˻ͷͷһʱԸӡ
ţ
ΣȻΪ׵Ĵ̲죬´һ˶û뵽ȴ֮е
濴ߣӦҲѲˣǼڵǻҪץľͷȥͣһģǸã
ҵ׼һЩʯɢһӺѰˣ
ǣ
̲ԱŵºᣬԲʲôƵصķϵе㲻ԸȴΥֻܵ˵ͷһͷȥѰ
Ƭ֮󣬼ؾۣò֮󣬼һһץסβȻ˫һȥԨ֮нȥ


966 ƽ
Ȼüû뵽鷢ˡ
ϵ֮еͬʱһȻɢȻֲɫ磬˹ʵԵͣ粻Ĵ̲Ա˲ϱγǧٵۡ
⣬ֻǸտʼ
󣬵ײȻƺʮĸ㣬ͬʱϸȥɫȻͬʳȻϵȸɫˣѿ״
УͻȻһɫâƿնȥֻһһ̲Ա±նϣһ˲촷ۡ
ʹధȻûһɫâһͽʺ׶

˾ǸոȥĴ̲ԱȻ֮ǰλԬȻû뵽·ϵ棬ȴȵùһ
Ȼ𾪺ϧҲûʱֻͶԼһϲ£һɫâƿշͬȳ޾ǳ˸
̶̼Ϣ䣬ѨڵĴ̲죬ȫڷȫ˳촷ۣһѪⶼʣ£ʧӰ١
⣬ԣǴ浶ҪѰڵӵĴ̲Աû뵽ġ

ϵײһ±ٿ֮УĿڶѲ˰ΣȻʵ¥칤ɽڵӣôҰϵ֮У
û·ϵڵӣһûȥȫö˶˵ǰһ죬־ϲȻû뵽Լܻš
ԼȥǧΪضǣĪɻ׹Уš
ǰ
һˣΪһ㣬ΪٵطӦûоԼǻ⣬ȴ⣬֪޲
ûǾǰ˴ŵӣ̣Ƴ꣬µӣ¥洫ߣ
һһָˣټҽܣ˵
칤ɽĵ̣칤ɽĵƳŵ꣬¥洫ߡ
Ϊ㲻ǸմѪսɽˣűħǲ̲Ա׷ɱۿҪڷ¥߲裬½˿ֻͱ׽ȫѺͻħܲȥˡ
Ǿڼ˿еѪսɽ֮ˣֶ̿е߲һϸһڣһӰڻǰ
ǣҵӣߣ
ţǣ
ʹһµ¥ߣҲľګƺʧȥ꣬ȫû˵һ仰Ĵ㡣
Ȼ΢΢ʳ֣ʱǻһ칤ɽеӣԼŮĿУɫ仯ִʵ
ţǰ
ʱע⵽ǰ칤ɽе̶Լĳƺǰʲô˼
ĿһתȻһ֣ǰһԾһգŷ֣ˣδ˻ҳټ쿪ЩطۺһƬ粻ɫ
Լһϣ磬ۻңʹǼϤԼ֮ˣһԼĿͷңڻңҲϵԼɡ
ѹ֡
뵽ˣʱһЦڵԵһ¡
˵꣬תȥ
ûãϴһһºҷٻһոµİɫۣͷϲһɫ֦Եڣȴֱһɳ֮ɢ
ѿôˣû뵽ոһʮ壬Ȼͱ˷绪׳ṫӣ仯Ҳδ̫ˡ
սгǰ칤ɽӣһΣá
ֻ¥ߣӰΣȻ͵һݣ˵УҲͲס˫鶯ֱӷʹ
磬㣬㣿
ٽһӰԼ㯣ʧ䣬ʱ̣Ծ꣬ϣһ㣬ڳѹ󣬷ʹ޵һ̡
ˣȫ±Ƶ˼㣬ʲôȴû˸Ҵš
ṫӣȻû֮ǰһظУ·ǿܡܴӴ̲ԱоԼˣһôᣬƫƫһһ˸ˣǵﲻġ
ûˣģûˡ
һֻȥԥԭأ˰Σڻ˻Ůӵı
֪ϣ˺£ֻڵı飬֪ʱ䣬ùֻˣѴﵽıԵ
ڣżȻԼһʱͷţҲпԭ飬ٺĳҲʱƿеλˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãڣʹ޹һߣڷӦæѹĻתȥĲһϵۣתͷһʱ䣬ʧ֮½ı˵˳
ƽ١
£˵ĵһӦǺƽ١
û뿪̶µʱڣ½һƽ٣ǧ֮û˲ҵıʲ
֪ģħͼıͷħ棬²ƣŪߴа̣ʤѩ߽̣ʥʽͣٻ뾩
漴ʥʵİٵϣЮԵʤѩҪ£õǱʳħħģʥʳɹ˵ʤѩ
ʹôټǧħڸţǱ˴ϸһЩϸ˴ŵ֮ʹ֮ȫ
ħȰ˴ħ̴˰˴֮ټĵƳʳһħ桱Ӧʽ
һҹʥ˾պۣɡ
漴¥¥ѩʱ硱ж̵ΣҹԮͬħ棬䡣
һҹ󷨵½߲ܵش⣬ֻǿʼ


967 Ԯ
漴ħ桱Ӧɱʳ壬󳼡
һҹ䣬⵽Ѫϴھǣ壬ȫɱ޶С⡣
˳ϴ󳼣Ҳͬѣű
һҹ֮䣬˼̡Ѫһγɺƣɢάʮա
סеһЩӣÿɻŵһŨŨѪζ
ʳ׸𣬱ϻŮͬʱϷ֣߹ƳһһңʳϷΪ롣
ϵĴ½ףһʳ׸𣬴Ӵ˳Ϊʷ̡
󣬡ħ桱Ӧٴγ֣¥߲һ򾡣¥Ӻͳϣ⣬һ١
漴ЩҴߣҲȫħȰ䲼׷ɱ³ԱΧ׷ɱ˲أѣʮһ
̶֮䣬½İ˴󶥼֮һʹ˸𣬴½˴󶥼ȥһʣڣҲΣѡ
ߴŸ߲̣Ȼ׾ʦߴŵ쵼ߣ½սҲһĪչһİ취
Ҫǣ˴ţԿħ棬ڰ˴֣ʱİ죬ʵҲԶڵĵĩ벽ףڶкüˣڡ
ڶûмˣҪᷨ۷壬벽ס
ڱŵƷƷŪ׺٣칤ɽƷ̹ŴԼ¥ƷħߣԷ֮⣬ļȫ䵽ħС
У¥ڱħ߷֮Ϊ¥¥ѩʱ硱ɣ¥Ҳ֪֮٣˭Ҳ֪ȥ
ԣڱһ棬ֻħȴлƷһƷԶյıƷףռţڼ䲻ơ
λϵס֣ʦ֣½㾡֮ҲԵֿħ桱Ӧһ֮
ֻҪԸ⣬ɱڣھҪٸˡ
ϧʦʧʮ꣬ӽһӣǷǸ⣬Ҫ˵Ȼ֡
Ҿ֣һλ۷壬ҲԶԶһλ׺ڵĶ֣һˣҲһλǿ߶ѣ塣
ԣڽἯԿƾλѾȱȫļοһλ׺ڣ»ǿᱦħȵĶ֣
ˣ½ˣףߴţҲ޿κΣеģɽеģǲԱѰ֮أɽš
һʱ䣬޵ণֿģûмˡ
ۿ½Ҫ㸲ֻҪħ桱ӦһؾߴҲ⡭
֪ΪΣʳ¥֮ħȵŽŲȻûֹͣշһЩССħ桱Ӧȴû¶棬Ҳδϰɱڣǧ֮
ڵʱ棬ǣֻҪħ桱Ӧ۳棬ڸ³Ȼ޷ת
˭Ҳұšħ桱Ӧۻһֱֵ뷨ֻܸ·޵磬೾ɰľأһƬذ
˲²⣬ħ桱ӦۿǸոƷ⣬ûг׻ָԲŲߴ֡
Ҳ˰ħȵӦϢ˵ǡħ桱ӦѰһѹŽĿǰѾͷħȶڴ飬ŵģûмˣ޵磬ʱһʱƽ
Ƿýˡ
ⶼǰǰ飬ʮǰƷʧġħ桱Ӧۣٴ¶棬һ¶棬ֱӷߵҪߴڣͶ򣬱һڣȮ
֮ϣһҪͶ޶һڵģȻš
ϵ⼸ӣǸϢǲԱֻû뵽պħȵĴ̲Сӣһ·׷ɱˣزУƣ
ҲڣвǶֵ£Ըܾħȸֿڣ׷·ϵ棬űȡ
Щ׷ɱǵĴ̲СӣȻ⣬ɷһһɱ
ţ
ԣȻǲɵȻһ
Ȼ֪չ£޵ؽ䣬ֻû뵽ңԵֿ
ħ桱Ӧ۲Ƿֱǰɽţֻ·ἤڵֿ֮ġ
ڣȴһߴűضҡһ޷ֵŸһͶίס߻ѡȻףһţͶɺɣһؽ硣
оδңֻǡħ桱Ӧϣİɡ
δȺĵһսǣèϷԵ֣ȴ̬
һҪͶ޶ʱֻһµģȻǰĴ½һɣš
˵һ£ǰǰҲ˵ʱ䣬ֻаˡ
ţ·Ҫһµʱ䣬£¶ޣѸϵǡ
ҹ̣ϵƾһнװ벽ڵССӣ򲻹ο׾ڵħĶ֣
ԾϵҲֻǶսһʬѡ
ǣȴֱϵ
ʣһĹˣɴʣҶɣǧ˿ƵĹϵܿǸ𲻹ܡ
Ƶ컯ûг׳ͣʱŸͻƷϣҲ֮һɥʧ
֪У֪бǻȡǲɺȻվ𣬵һʱ˾ǰأ̣һ·ţԮ
޷ıŸˣ¾ȲˣҲҪ֮ɴҶɣʵˣԣҪȡԼƵ컯
һԼͻƷȻǲУϾѾһ˿롰ħ桱Ӧ۶Կĵԣʱ̲ݻܸڡħ桱֮ǰϵ
Ȱ˵ǰߣʵȴת֣Ȼò顣
뵽ˣ˵ԭίȻҪ˼ִԼ񣬶Լ׼ȥ


968 Ϊ
ӣû뵽ӵϿ֮ʱղҰһӣȻ徳ʿǰĶ콾֮һġ
һʱУĤݣĽȵ
ĳԮٶףȴҲ𾴣׷׵ͷӦ
Ψߣۿ΢죬ǲᡣ
˵ͥƣֻ٣ʦҲѾ˳ħУ˵˶Ϊ¥ӣҲǷʱϨ
òһʾɣ֮ܵˣԷȴҪȥ
ֻǣȻᣬô꣬ѳ󣬲ǵǸ֮Уپ裬ȻȻҪҧԾǺڼ׵ӡ
ϣѾԼΣ֡
¥жϾҪ취һϽһˣֻҪлᣬҪοħ֮λ
֮ǰûа취򲻵ѣҲѡ·ϵ档
ûŮǵ֮УµķŮߡ
䱻¥洫ӷ׷Ϊӣ츳ˣֿϳԿͣʵɿ졣ڷ׷֮չ¶˵츳¥ϲͣûãͽΪһε洫ӣΪ¥֮ףҲѨΪˡ
磬أ
ˣȻᣬǿ̲ᣬ浣ǵس˵
ãİɣ
˵ͷͷתȥ
ʱһȴͻȻ𣬵
ţ
ɻ̧ͷȥ֮ˣһɫۣճ޳ѩɵļƣȻŵĵӣꡣ
֣Ϥڵ֣ȴİ
֪ļˣɴʣѾս˾ͽмŵӣ˵УΪμ⣬ɫһСȺˡ
ԣȻû˵֣Ҳ֪¥УҲӦǼΪɫȻᱻǲɣȡԮ
ֻǿı飬Ԯ֮·˳죬ٿڵһĿȻ
Ȼ
ֻҧҧ촽ȻȻȻص磬ȥ
ͶĲĿ⣬ɫ㣬ڵɣ˾Ԯɾ޷Կħ棬Թ˲ϾΪڣԸɳһһ䣬ʧܡ
ħٱţֻвµʱ䣬£ѰԮǲ֮¡ѰҲȷ˵ˮнͽ
곤󣬳ɳһ겻֪Ը֮ˡǹʣҾȥŹ
Ҳһͬڣ磬һȥ
αأ
̲סһ̾ѿĿ־
ʵֺγ֪ȥˣܸıʲôŸˣѲɱ⣬˭Ҳı䲻ˣλȥûκô
ƫƫŶԷˮһ㣬Ȼȴ͵Ŀ⣬ߣȴӲ޷ھֻܾܻƵһ̾Ϣαأ
ȻĻشȴնء
кë̩ɽͬͬ͵
ã
գվǴӦ֪ƾʵ޷ڰ֮ڸϻϵҲͳΪһƬˡ
ҲԥڶԷɵĿ£һУԷ漴һݣֱӲŴڵ㣬Ʈ˷ϵ棬Ȼŵķ򣬼۶ȥ
֮񣬻мڲ࣬㣬˿̣ȴȫȻ˲һС
֪ʱƾԼٶȣ֮ڸϵҲֻЩǿοǿԴһˣ٣ֻ󿴵Ҳһա
ǹǿˮԴˮתһ߶ӰʩչʱӰڵһӾʮϰɣƬ̼뿪·̣һǧﲻ⡣
һٶȻȻĴ˲٣Ѿнװ벽ھ磬ʵټʹһЩҩܱٶȲ
ǹʣ̶ʮգҹۣ˲ʮľ룬ŵӰ
뵽ʱ䣬ֻҪԼ˵Ÿ߲㣬㹻еӳţݱܰȫ֮סһҲм㲽ͣԥֱɽ
Ȼû뵽շɽĵؽ磬ɽƺȻһӴƥѹն漴һλλ£ĵӣΧġ
ʲôˣɽ
ţ
״ɲȻ漴һ룬ֲ׹ȻʧЦ
ȻҲ֪⼸ձض٣ǹ׼˻ڴ󣬸ǲµӣҹػɽҪ֮ϣһбʣС
Ⱥ³ŵӣͻڵ󶥷Ԯţλʦ·
Ȼû뵽һλа̺۵ӣȴһָЦ˭֪ħͻɽɾ㲻Ԯ˭ʱţȻ϶ħϸװ磬ѽ£
ʱңʮλŵӣһʱֳ֮ɫͬ飬׷ֳֳڳһԲƣС
״Ȼ
ļǣԶʮԮû뵽ɽţûɽûħ棬ȺŵĻɽӸ赲ɽ¡
⻹һ׮ǧš
뵽ɿеŮꡣ


969 
УŮ꿴ⷬҲǲһ㵣漴ɫ΢ѿȻû뵽һĻ
Щߣ˴νڵͬʦֵܵ棬ȴı䣬һͦ˳ı䣬Ϊ׵İ̺ӿڵÿ˵꣬⣬㲻ʶ𣿡
гӵ֣Էʱɫһ䣬ֿϴɫۣһĨη֮ɫ
֪뵽ʲôһԥֱܿ˼㣬｣һָȵޣ˭֪Ǽ٣Σʱ̣ŵӾͬͬ裬ŵӾɽη֮ˣʱ̣㲻ɽϣȴɽ»طҪôħ˼ϸЮ֣Ҫôɴħ˼ϸٰ硭ˡʦܲɱħˣʦ֮мһȷα֮ԻǸ
˵꣬һ֣ŵӣһΧϣǲɽˡ
״ɫֻ΢һ㶣漴ͱ䡣
Ѿԣ׹̰ͼ컯ɽˡ
⣬ѵͷЩŸ߲㻹˼˼ǡ֪ô˵ˡ
ٺ١
һԣЦҪλйĵʦ㣬δЩʦܵˣǷԿڰеŸ߲㡣
״һãȻ̬ȫû뵽һĻ
֪컯飬ȴʵʵװ׵֪λʦģˣ١
λ⣬һλϵͽܣֹһμĿ˵ϲǣȻ˵ħ˼ϸΣʹٴ棬˿Ҳмˡ
ǡ
ɫ΢죬ָŸˣѾߵ㣬ȴһʱ֪δ
ϣ
Ȼ¶ȴҵȴֱΧˡʮλ»ɽӣһԥһ۰ΧȦеˣȴڸƣò
ٴЦȴûгֵ˼
˵нװ벽ʵһǰҲȺ˵ͨŵӿɱȣҪ˵µʵѾҪࡣ
ʹԷٶһʮֻҪԸ⣬Ҳ˲޻أȫû
֮û֣뿴е±ڵŵӣ֮ʱ׸ȥ
ɶŹ񡣡
һĻŮɫ죬Щ˼ؿһɫȻЦֵӣŲ΢ɫ漴Ҳü
ǣ̫Ӧˡ
ʹޱߣҲֻ³⼸֣漴ٲԥһݣֱӻϣֳѩȭֱ÷֣ͻֻƬ̣ǼʮŻɽӱȫɵڵϣһ
ʹǸһţʵǿİ⣬Ҳļ֮С
ҲףŵӣҾڵУҲٮٮߣǽΪɫļ֮һ䲻ɴʣҲС
֣ѨڣڸϣŲˣҪᵤǿꡣ
ȻЩֵ̲Χɱ£ԵֿԸ⼸ʵԪкڣѨڵ⣬ڵӣȴм֮赭д
ȻȻ赭дҲʵüȫˣȴûôǹ˼ʦ֮飬ûֻ֣ǷסǵѨλʱɥʧͶվ˵ǡ
е·ȫڵغƮߣһǸسǸʦ֣Цˡ걣ֻ֤Ҫûе£ڣܵסʦּ֮·롪
˵꣬һͷҪһҾأʾȷʮֲ˲ܵһ棬ΪһŵӣҲ޹⡣
޷߰ɣ
Ҳ±ûжϵҲܲЩ̰ĸ߲ͷϣǴǧɡŮһִܷ񿹺˵ʩǣʱȻЩ¡
ЩˣǵõһЩϢֻҪɴվԼߣҪ̰ͼȾָ컯ˣʲô³
˵꣬
״ɳһ߳ʮɺ󣬲żæϣಽظ
߳Զͷһ۵ϵˣøУΪߣʮϢѨԽ⣬ǲһѿشӵһµʵʦ֣ô죿
ô죬ͨ棬Ȼ˴ӺСӣҲŹǵġ

Ѿ߳Զκ飬һ·ĿбӣǰȻ߳Ȼǰһˡ
漴ϣһλߣʮλӢӣ·ϣĿⲻƵض
ˣ֮⣬Ƚеϣô


970 һ֮
ԣĿһѾ²⣬вЦ
ϣȴûκηӦ뿴ӦԣŸ߲֮ķӦ
ɽ·˴£Ÿ߲㲻ûκθ֪ôȴû˳ֹһ鷢
Ȼ£Ҳ£Ÿִ߲ҪΪѣҲǺù
ꣿ
棬ߣҲûϵ˵ؾȻһλŵӣȻûеõɽ˵ı棬ֻ֪һǰ
Ȼϳ굤ӵݣǣɫһ֮ȴ¶һ˿⣬ǰһ˭ʱصأɱ⣡
ǡ
¾ӢӣԶͽһˣλϡ֮󣬾ȫԥٵֽӿɱУŵһλӡ
ңǿ¡
Ů״һ˿ԥ֮󣬲ͷһۣȴһҧٴγЩŵȥ
в֪ʱһ߳̽죬ϸСꡱС׭һƷ꽣
꽣֣ͻŵռϷ磬ֻǣⷬûάֶá
Ǻ³ϿµӰԲκελӣʱһߣȻЩ
ΪλߣȻҲԼ£ȻʵѰӶȻǸ֣ǶݼӢȴԲ
ǣȻԸȴҲòƤһԾȻЦУһī̳ﵶһͳŵӽս꿳ȥ
쪣֪ΣգͷȴѲ
ʱһֱԱԹ۵ȴȻһţһ̤֮ϵһʯʱ缲Ȼһ³еĳ֮ϣƫһ
عһԾսȦǲһ亹Ǻ¡
Ҳû뵽Į֮ʱûȺֵ̲£ǧصţȴҪԼ֮ڵĳ֮֡
Σͷ֮ʱȻ֣һСʯӾԼԼѡ
ɻͷͶһмر飬漴һѿؿԼŵĳϣ˾֮һ˾˾൶
˾ֱΪɡ
У˾λͣ˾λһֲ࣬˾жҩĸ֣˾˾ʵǿΪ֮һذξ塣
˾ֻػ˾ĴڣȻҲۺУĵӸ֣˶ڽ˾Ϊȴ˾Ϊһ
λ˾˾൶Ҳߣ߽װ벽۷ʵ޽ӽװ벽ǰȫԸµһȻסһССʯӡ
һĻ˾𺳣š
ģǵ꣬Ȼ֪츳ˣʵ죬Ҳû뵽ôˣô졣
𺳵ģλ൶Լ
ʵʹУǰʮ֮У˾˾Īͷû뵽Լһλ߽װ벽۷սСϣȻһ
ղһǱֱӽһϣм˵ĻģԸ֣Ҳ˰˷һͬˣԵֵסһ
ղһʯȴеһȻĪξֱӽı𿪣һʹȻֱѳѪڡ
æյ󳷣յֺֻ󳷣󰵰Ħ˼£ŻʹҲ⳯ˡ
еţֱģȻʮλ˾Ӣӣλ൶ĵ
Ϊŵս൶һܣ߸ϵĹ󣬳ǰģҲԸΪ֮׷棬ϧҪԭ
գһλ󱲣ȫһԿԿʯȻһСʯӶסȴá൶Ŀеĵλ½
ôܣ
Ǽٵģ
һˡ߸ղһǣУҲĺĵҪɱŵӡ
һλλµľӢӣɷ׷ýڰѴǣȴԼţһʱɷ׷״ԭأ֪룬֪ǸýǸˡ
߽װ벽۷϶ӵĶ֣ԼȻ͸˵ԷҲǶװ벽ڵսԼ˲һȺСȻ˽ǳӢʵԼúܣԼˣ̳һһȺɱִֶѡ
˾ӢţǶЦ
Զվǣ߳һֱ֮һȴ֪
ԼһţңоԵİգҲûнλν˾˾
ǵ˾ҲɫһŸ߲㣬Ȼսܸߣõҩݶľ磬ȣϵСģδܴùҪᣬʱսֺֹװ벽ô򵥡
ڳװ벽ʱپи߽װ벽սڣнװ벽ڣнװ벽۷嶼ֻһ֮ңڵս˵֮޵֣ٶװ벽£Ǻͬˣж֡


971 ټ
һţƼ򵥣ʵ˺ܾãȻס
ȻһֱڱԹۣܲۿգһֱڰ׼൶һ䣬Ѿ˷ӦֱѾܾõһţֱ˳ȥ
һʯӣ˲ȴһٶɵڵ
ôϣҪս𣿡
ľģҲ֪Ҳһλ˾˾Ķ֣οԷ£ʮλӢӡ
ЩӢȻʵߣҲѨڵѨڵʵʹƽշõҩ࣬鸡վʮһΧǲСġ
ѲðգѾ֣»Ǿĺãҹζ࣬˭֪ħ桱ӦǷʱʱǰʱҵԮ񲻳һЦ
ͻƷڼôݣʱҲе㼱еģϾ컯ȶ̫ҪһѹҲ뿴ǧɡŮǷԼԼɴ˸ĳɹΣҶɱչټãǷɹѾƹأ
һеһУдȥ̽ѯȻܾôʱȥħδ罫Щõ顣
ߡ
һȻʣȴҲô൶һʱԥ֣ȴ벻ʲô⡣
ʱɽͷ֮ϣһƣƮ£䵽м䣬Ȼһλˡ
ֳһöɫƣһ漴ʾ⣬ڵӣʦ
⡭
ԣ൶Լһ˾ӣǸԥ֮ɫɫ䡣
Ȼǽû뵽·֮꣬λŮѾ֪ǰôȻ׼Լ˵һСٶֻ¶ûѹԷķۡ
вһʱΪڣȻҾȾҾ塣
ǣŰֵöȴֲΥ˾ԥĿ򡰳൶Լȴ·һͷ񱼶
п񺰣ҸʲôҸʲôҲ֪ôˣ
ȻȻ룬Ϊ˵ߣʵǿ֮ˣҲһִֻӲͷƤһ֣С
룡
״˸ûйǣǶȥ֮ų΢΢һӣ롪
͡
״ѵõ¶һ˿΢Ц֪Ȼ֣ǲλ൶վ˭ƶֵ˺ˡ
ҲΪ⣬ĿǰԶԿħ潵٣Լõ컯ͻƷΪһЩϸ֦ĩڣԼŭ֮£Ҳֵ̫ƽϡ
ˣһ·ɽ£УԺžŶ㳡ȣһǵŴ׽֮ϵǧɡŮ
ʹôõʱ䣬һǧɡŮһʵı飬бڽ֮ϣš
ʹ֪աħ桱Ӧ۾Ϳɱż֮ϣȴûгӦеĵǺͼУ·ˮʤա
Υˣ
ûеɫسһվֱĿ䵽ϣƺϿһЩʲô
Υˡ
бڽ֮ϵĿ׿Ȼ̨ǰ֮µĿ΢Ȼ˵ͻнװ벽ˡ
׼ȷ˵Ǹͻнװ벽۷塭
΢΢һЦֻ֪һۣǧɡŮͲ࿴ԼһΪΪֻнװ벽ڣǰǰڷϵʱ
²ϵļۺʣµһСƬ֥ʹԴȫϣΪҲҹ˳ͻнװ벽۷塣
ֻΪ绹̣Ϣϴʱнװ벽ڣʱнװ벽۷壬ҲΪ档
ܺá
ڽ֮ϵһ˿ɫȻҲһ˿죬û뵽Ϊ졣
һ֮ǰѨ۷֮װ벽һξ룬ڣһʱ䲻ȻȻֱͻнװ벽۷壬߽װ벽Ҳֻһ֮ң
һʲôĽֻ룬˳Ծ
ǧɡŮҲףһУ϶ǳ˲ٳʹ࣬õĳЩнĳɾ͡
ΣվԼϻأҴﵽԼĿ͵ĵޣ߳٣ѾЩǳ⡣
΢ֱһЩڵܻҴﵽ磬һ꣬δȡ
Ŀż˵ʵϵĵ׼֮ǰɽµһЩţһЩܣվй©һЩϢɵţбǸ
ˡ
ԣȻ֪˵ʲô££ԤϣﵽǧɡŮϡ
ҲףһƱƷʹ󶥼ģǿҲҪأ׼׼ȻҲỨһʱ䡣
׼ȻжһЩеŸ߲㣬Ȼ뵽
ټǰʱ䣬ǧɡŮʽʼͻȻչأײµӼ棬İͽ֮ף֡ɴҲչأдҩģһЩϡ޿󣬶ʱĸȫǧɡŮıչشȻף²⵽һˡ
ֻҪĴ̽ʹٽվǶ²ס˵֮ڣټ֮ǰ𽣡ƽ飬֪ﻯλԼؽ飬ϸһ룬Ͳ뵽컯ȥ
ǣֲ
컯ûгɣǧɡŮûг׳أвˣöȥڣǧɡŮѳأҪôɹҪôʧܣûеڶܡ
˲ҡǧɡѯʣȴΪֻҪ˱ԭˣûǰ죬֮ѳΪ컯ǿȴЧգֻڱлΪļ֮һ
ǣؿڣħ桱ӦʱϮΪԱҪ߶սʱʹΥ壬ơǧɡΪ˼ŴΣʱ̣Ҳֻ¸ַô˵ֶԵˡ
ϧǺõģΪ˳һλ˾ĸ˾ֻû뵽ʵȴ鱨̫ңԶˡ
ø߽װ벽۷ġ൶Ȼ֣ðвٿŴ˵ˣΪڣǧɡŮϵһţʱӣԺŴ¾뷨Ҳҵˡ
Ͼδɷʹٶ࣬ʵǿҲһλǿߵĶ֡


972 㲻ϧ㲻η
ҩƶƷ컯
֪⣬ǧɡŮҲûвҴţίߣֱһ˦֣ӳһֻɫƿ䵽ǰ
컯
һ𣬼æֽӹ򿪣Ȼֻһöɫףƺǳתص浤ҩ
δãһ㣬ֱϮǶˣ
컯
öɫҩز˼飬ϸ漴׽֮ϵǧɡŮ
ǧɡŮ״ıһҲ죬Ϊ˭ˣûͻƷ֮ǰͻȻõһ˵ҩⷬģġ
ȸоϲȴֻɣûʧĪˡ
Ȼġ
΢Цһʱ⣬׼ԼĶҩĲ֣վɹҲ
˵˴Ŀ˸˸˵ģ˱ǱΪǿߣҲĶöҩκһţôģֵ壬ף
ԣʱһݣץöɫҩ̧ͷ֣صס
ȻġǧɡŮȻͲȥȻֱӸʧܣ߾ܲгŵһ취ûС
ȥһλǿ߽棬ʹȥϣôϣôϵӮ
ԷҩԷ棬ڶԷֱԼԽҩԼУһм裬ɣȻûκô
ֻǣҲףһҩкεȼֵ
˵ˣӵһ컯߰˳ɵļʣֱͻƷﵽ磬߾磬һԾΪĶ֮һλȨǷ츲صı仯
˭Ľģ
κһţִ֮ţ˵ֵΪҪ
һö컯пͳһλµķ
һλµķһųĸһǿ˥ĸϣִڵսʧٻһλµķԴŴͷ
Ųʹ˸
ǣգǾгŵ۶ǶţޱȼֵĵҩľϺ
ٺ١
ǧɡŮ̹̬ȣԴһ˿֮ɫ
˵˵ģеʱ򣬱뽫ҩ£͸ɴ͸ڼλﵽװ벽ĳϣ˾пܣһλ
һ⣬漴ɿЦ֪ǧɿ϶лû˵ꡣ
Ȼ
ǧɡŮһ£Ľű飬ЦջǾԼ˵ҩ㣬㵱ɹͻƷΪһ
ԣвһȻ֪Լ죬Ͼ¹ش󣬻ǲЩǡ
ĳԲһɹͻƷ£ĪպŵֻҪܼƴǡ

ԣȻЦˡ
ЦϣɫɣαصպڣҪϣܰ쵽
ǣ
ԣɫһ࣬Ȼ֪ʲôҪ󣬵֪ǰ컯ĴۣܡǧɡŮҪʲôжΪѣֻҪֻҪһΪȥΪ쵽
һ
ǧɡŮ׼ԼҪʱϣҲشһĨ֮ɫ
Ϊħȵ߹ʳǳ׸ڰҲȥһֵˣ
˵վҲɴһ˿ı֮ɫ
ŴѶʮߴ䲻ܾٱʣվҡΣ⣬ԱҪҪˣ
һڻҵҶʼȻҶգԣҪ뿪֮ʱ߼ˣ⼸ˣǱڵδδ˵ϣ֮ڣֻҪ㲻ǾͲκ飬ɸҳŵ
ǡ
ԣɫһݣ֪ΪΣȻейµζ
ǰԼƵ컯ΪǱ󱲵ӣӦ֮壬ǣԼ˴ΣһЩŹ뿪ģ༸ټӰ첻
Ȱ˵Ǩͼ棬ͼָȻá
ֻǣû뵽ûڣ˵ϣ̧ͷڽ׵ǧɡŮɻؿ˵Īµӣһ뿪ݱһʱ
ݱܣǺǺǺǺǡ
Ȼ׽֮ϵġǧɡŮԳԵЦЦϣֲɴһ˿롣
ݱܣ󣬵ʵǿУҲ߾룬Է븲˭һҵصȥһ
ο
˵һ٣ͳٴο˵˭뿪ΪȻŹҵˣڻкδڵ壿
ԣеĲԤԽУ뿪
ȻЦˣ֮ǰı֮һɨ⣬⡣
뿪뿪ˣãߵǼλͽһˣܹ𣿡
ԣĬˡ
ܣ漴𺳡
ףΪǧɡŮԸɽţǡħ桱Ӧ۾ս̰֪ɹ
ף£ձؽȫûħ桱Ӧʢŭ֮£ػȫ׷ɱһŵϡ
ŵĻҵҲ׸
ţսˣգսˣŸ߲սˣħ桱Ӧ۷󶯸ɸ꣬ȥѰҼǰ뿪©֮㣬ͽһ鵽սһҲҲͲݲ¡
Ŀ⣬·һĿϡ
һգǧɡŮȴΪòڴ˵أħʯٵߣѾУֱľġ
־ģһλǿ߿˵ɵ𺳣ȶֲޱܵʹĸо
Ϊ޵֮ˣԽףΪԽߣԽڣʵԽϧԽԽη
ǶԸʱΪģֻǱһ˿ϣ¸Ҷֿԣ
һһ٣ڶҪҲһҪ󡣡
Ϊħ㲻ϧͶս½һ̫ƽҲдЩӣһؽŵϣ
á
ԣĬ󿪿ڣһŵǧ


973 չѩ
ûŵҲһҪŵ
ΪҪǿôҪҲҪô
Ϊ壬ܴεأֻҪΪǿߣһΣ㲻ɱˣ˱ɱ㡣
ħ֮ң½ĺƽ٣ħ治κһ޵ߣ밲ա
Լһʱܶùţѣʦʦأ
ЩģˣгһգħһһɱܰĴڰѪȷ磬޶
ǣܣ
ԣΪ˻Ϊ֮飬ǸжΪ󱲣Ը֮£Ϊ䣬һĺ飬ҪӦ
֣سŵģֻҪһϢд棬κһ˿ᣬ᲻ϧͶսΪ½ҲΪ޵ߣһ·
δţ´Ǵ½ۣ֮
ã
еľģǧɡŮһĽ֣Цúܿ
ϣ̬¶ƣһֵˣѾѡˣǽһͬ뿪УҲҪסˣʹһͬ뿪ɣҲΪţѪ
ȥɣףͻ˳Ͳˣ
ǣء
ͷ漴ͷһ۽֮ϣ׿ľŮӣŮӣȴ½µİ˴֮һ
ϧԽֻ֮һ棬һˡ
ཻ࣬¹ϵĮһ̣ģǲɺݺˡ
һۣҪõذΣݼУȻŵĴ£ͷҲأ߳ͭ
һ𣬾㡣

ȻѰд꣬һƫѾڵȴˡ
ЩУļ˶С
һ£ĺŵһӡ֡ɴɢصġӰ֮硱ʣòɣµġŮҶɣϣȴһɶʵġʦ
һˣ⣬ȻǸ·Ҳһ·صŵŮꡣ
ˣȫ֮ˣȻҲǵЩ˸ϵ裬ҪǣЩˣ츳ˣδǱ޴֮ˡ
Ȼǣ㱻˺Ҳиδеڴ
֪ڴ˵ȴʲôҲ֪δʲôŰǺġ
ʹٲᣬʹĸŹϧվǱ˵֪֮δؽţһһĴ¡
ţνĵ塣
ԣȻԸȻʹ࣬ˣǸټ꣬һˣܴ뿪һ·ۣʧӰ١
ţû֪ǵ뿪˻ڽűսȴպħ桱Ӧ۵ĵ
һ뿪

պ󣬾Լǧĳѩ׷ɣ˼˺ȻѾϢλ½޾ѩ
Զ½Ķģħȵ׷ɱԱҲô׷㹻˶ʱڴԼͻƷ֮á
Ͼͻ֮ʱɴţм˻ȻƣֻҪûħħΪ塣
οһ״ӷϵȡ졣
дڣһֻ֣¸ûǵĴڣֱ뿪ˣɷǿ󣬱ϾǵС
ԼڴѰһƫƧ֮أʹפ£һʮֵͰѩɽССĶбչ컯ͻƷ׼
˵컯֣Ϊ̣֮ǰһֱ;ҲǴԼ
ĿǰͻƵľʱäĿã˵ʧܣ˷Ѵûᡣ
ٵһȣԼ㹻˵
ǰǵ֪£ڣ޾ѩټϸ֮ʱѾɷ̲ȥѰ˴
ԣϢȾ΢һЩΪ߸Զ·
ʱͷǧ·ԶļˣҲлɣΪ֪Ǳ߿ٲұʣ˶û飬ֻڲݲ˼䣬͸ضѨ
ҹʱ֣һ£ɫЩ˵ɴ߽ѨһСӵݸ˵ǰ͸ġ
ʲô
⣬ӹ򿪣漴Ͳסˡ
СУһ۴Сһɫĵҩ
ҩ֮Уӳһ£Աߴ˿˿ƽ棬Եض档
ĵ
סˣ漴ֲɼҲȻɫġ֡ɴ
֡ɴ͵Ŵĵ֮һһöУͻƷ֮ãһö͸ˡ
ԣɫʱɸ


974 
ĵڴ˵ҩȻİ
սϯӣֿնɡڤһ޾ǰ;ΪۣõĽУһĵ
֮ǰϣֹһöգʤѩһǧƷҲǶǧƷǮļ۸ߵͻƷ缸ʵĴ˵鵤
֮£Ϊµһ˵ҩ
ϣΪǫʤѩҲΪǮûв뾺ʧۣ֮Ϊ֮ϧ˺һӡ
ȴû뵽гһգԼҪͻƷʱֵõһһǱֱͣĴ¡
ֵҩʹµһţҲҪټۣʮһҪӦԼҪ׸ţԸκ⴫
ᣬΨһ⡣
ڣȥ֪ԭУվҲ֪˶Ĵۣõʱ䡣
һźӣͻƷ֮á
һȻԸɴ͸
Ϊʲô
ʹҪöҩȻĶڴǲ̧ͷѯɴ
ܽӣҲҽӡ
Ĳ
дĵټƷ컯а˾ųϵļʣͻƷֻҪ̫õƷǱȻ
ȻҪȴܲ
ǧŴöҩ֮һıħشⵤҩպ󣬼ҲΪ죬ٶʱڣǲµĵҩɡ
ԣҲ޵磬еöĵ֮һ
壬ֵ˵жء
ִ֮ʱκһһ˿˿ΪʵĶ޼֮
ȴɴֳֶһǶĶ£
һУŵĸо
ţû˹Ŀ࿴Դʸ񣬳һ㣬εԭ
ɴش
ڵ˵˵ԭ򡣡
һѿʲߣرнվ硣˵ʵӵƷ컯ͻƷĸʣʵҲǿ߳ɡ
ʣνߣ컯ȴʧܣǰװ˷ѴһᣬһĵӻᣬȲ˷컯Ϊһǿߡ
ԣɫĬȴֲòͬ˵е
ȷʲУ˳Ϊ壬֮⣬ʦ֣壬ʱֻ»һԪûдﵽķСӡ
ԣȻףʹ׼Ů˵ͨʣ²ϧһдۣٷ컯ͻƷɹĸʣʵҲ˳ɡ
˳ɣʣƺܸߡ
ʵжɶĿܻʧܣʧܣȴ֮ܳء
ܽһԸ໨ʱ䣬׼ҲԸ˷ѴΨһĻᡣ
ԣڵȣԼΪ繮̣ʱ
ڣʣṩһݻԵͻƷɹļʴ
ڶ
ɴ˵˵ĵڶ㿼ǡ
˵˷컯ΪһĿǣͬҲͶʣһδܳɹһλĵһλȻΪǿߵ飬Ͷʣֵõġ
ԣΪǲŻԱ𲻺˼£ǰΪý飬ΪŻᣬҲһ֮ܳ飡
ٴγĬ漴ɫһٲԥֽСиϣ뻳У֣صվ𣬳һ£ɫɴһ
ܾܾҲܾ˷ݺ⣬ɴģֻҪպɾͷ֮£֮£ֻ֮Ҫһ߻ᣬţ𡣡
ȻģҲǡ
ɴԣ׵ϣڲ¶һЦݡ
˵漴ٴ΢΢һתȥˡ
ķѩ赲ڴ֮⣬ȴǸܵĺ⡣
Уȴȫǻϲ
մ£֮⣬ȴ֮У֮ϲ
ô˵ҩɾͷиաҲţͶʣ
ɾͷҲһᣬһնͶʵ顣
һᣬһܣ
뵽ˣ˲ᶨ
컯ֵĵд޵ͻƷĶҩݻڳ׼׼Ѱһ֮ʲôֵĵأ
ʱɳ©ȥ޺ۡ
޵磬ȴѷظ
Ȼչѩ֮Уǣ֪ħ桱Ӧµͨ뺾⼸죬ʣŵӣô̵ס
ʹ˵صشƫƧ˼ϢҲǻǲĵһ˳ܣϵԶһĵطʹһ糾棬Ҳں
һգ̽ŵЮһѩԵ˽ѩɫһƬȻ
ɣţ𣡡
̶ֻ֣ȻŴԣѩ֮У⼸ˣͬʱһ漴ɴľȻվһһԼչصѩȥһԲ
ߵ;ȴײһѩʯһ£
ΪһλѨ۷֣ƽʱε񣬱˵һѩʯ赹ΣյĴֻУҲѶ˿谭
ɼϢĳ֮ء
Ӱ֮硱ԭձ֣ȻһȻꡱһеɸɷ飬ˮһأȵĲϣȴ粻
漴߻ԼڵѩֱӡžһŽգʹ˱չأٲ
Ůͨһֱأ²֪ǱߣһʺīѪҺ
ΨмûãŹϵƼǰܵġŮҶɣ΢һ㣬Ҳɵɫ࣬һ˫ƣȻս
һ죬޵ңʳ¥֮½ţʹ˸
Ȼ֮УʣǶԲѩ֮еȺŵӣ¸˵콵جģ
Ϣʱã漴ɫ㣬ԥصԼѩʼ˱չأ׼֮ڣԷ컯öҩͻƷ
ʱ룬ٵȥˡ
˭֪һͨ뺵ģһţڵأ
ɲ룬ԼûгɾͷԼڵţͳ׸
УЩʻģɰģеݣʹ˱ңʹʧıֻ֣±⼸λŵӸ
ң㲻ţγû֪ѣ
Ǹܺܵȥ
ܶһʱҲ㲻һվħ桱ӦۻǻһһȥӡǧԹޣٵȥٵȥ
ƲûƸ۵ľģƼɵɾΰĴڣ
ԣԼѩ֮У׼֮ΣҪͻƷ
⼸ˣҲ漴ױչأ֪ĽҪʱʱȥ̽Ϣ˶ѳ׽״̬ͻƣء
ɹǸ֮ʱ
ոһգѩ޾ת󡭡


975 
һգչڵѩ֮С
̷컯ĵֵҩ׼ͻƷ׼ȻȫȣˮҰ̿ƻ
һʱ䣬ҡԮ׹Ϣʼر
ãȻۡһһѪֱӳԵڵأȥƬ̣ѹ
ѹǿֱǰϵѪһӣЦ
ǣ߻ħô
пɬ֪ԼվżһЩʱδǿͽԡͼˮݣͻ˱䡣
⻹ǣԼˮԴľ粻
ûв壬ǿֹƽʱʲô仯һҪͷ⡣
ҪǳԼͻƷ֮ʱ
ȻҼȥˡ
üȻ뿪Ѩ棬ѩǶŽգ˱չزƶʱں
״Ҳԥֱת뿪ѩ档
ϸתһȦȷܵûб˴Ҳ˿Դ룬ŵ˱չ֮һ·У޾ѩĸߣ󼲳۶ȥ
ðѩִһһ޼ʣεڣƯ޾ļž֮ϡ
ڸһͰСɽϥԱۿ˷תҹҹԲ
պ󣬺Ȼ֮£ð̣һ漴ðգֱӼ³ಲǱ޾֮УŴ̹ǱǱ
еĹߣԶûаԽԽڰ뼡ıֱƱڸ˼һ㡣
ҹҲ⣬ټϼ͵־ǿסʹûӡ
Ҳ֪˶ãվǱ֮ףҲ֪˵뺣жԶ⺣׵ж
Ѱˣ˵룬ƹˮѹ¶ȣܽѹͶѱ
Ͼһλٽ߽װ벽Ķǿߣټ幦ǿ󣬶Ҵ˵رϾ뺣ûжԶǳ̲ǿ
վǱ뺣ף˸ֹ½ˮݺ͸ֵɽӹȡ
׵磬ʵ½ҲûʲôɽϿȣӦоУֻ޷һˮ棬Եеѡ
ħͫĵ⳯ǰȥڣǰٴγһ·ݰССݣʮܼ
״ǿΪ޴ˮѹµ岻ʣתǰȥ
Ƭ̺Ƭð֮أֵ죬ҽ֪Լ²⺮ףȷһɽ𣬲֪ʲôʱͻᱬ
Σ֮أֱ֮һɽһλǿˣֻҲҪȻɫֱȥҾ
ȴ⺣׻ɽ֮УҪĶ
Ǿˮ⡣
ΪˮɶӦɽѸףԼһֱڼѰҵĻϵ塣
ˮݣศصĺ׻ɽ
֮ǰںϣȻˮϵ⣬ûлҲ޷ѰˮԴ֮ƽ⡣
ȥһɽҲֻܸϵ壬ȴԵõˮݵ֡
Դ˵أǧҪ֮ء
뵽ˣٲԥֱӾ͵ϥĿ󺣵һһǰǺ׻ɽ֮ıźͼңĬĬˮԴĸתɺͷʽ
Ҳ֪˶ãܺҲܺܶݡ
һֱĿˮϵеȻֻһ̹ͷƤһ飬˲侪ѣȴǰĺף˾޴ı仯
֪ʱ׻ɽ׼鲼׸·磬ϳӣγһĻ׳۶ֿµĺ׻ɽ
ص֮£¡¡׵һһ治϶ۿըѡ
вҽ֮ӿγһǣ˲䱻ˮᣬΪҺɫʯ׹档
ǣҪ𣿲ãΣգ
һ˲䣬͸֮ܵҲǡʱڵˮԴԶתһ֮ķʽһ𣬲ų⣬ٵִ
ˮԴˮԴҪ׺һγ
ͷϲ۾֪ѵã֪ΣգȴǸԸͣԭأعעԶĻɽ춯ĬĬظˮԴ塣
ֱꡱһ泹ѿһĻϺǧɸߣγһȪںϿͣפյʱ֣Ż䡣
֪ΣѾٽǿ̲ᣬһת㣬֮ϼȥ
󷽣𺣳ױγһƬͨ˳ϳ׷ˮ¶ڼһЩ˲ͱȻɷɻʧ
ǿľʹת㹦֪һ㵭ȴִΣ£ԭþòͻƵ߲㣬ֱͱƣ뵽߾硣
˵ĻԵɣǰֱͻƣ߲㣬ȴҪԴʱĴۻҪԵǡлᡣ
ھĻԵ
߲㣬Ҳǿǿķʹ˸¶ȵĺУҲֲܱҡǰУٶȲ
Ƭ̺󣬵Ȼһ棬ͷϿյǶĢƣҲ֮䣬Ȼ亣棬ˮ죬ǧɿ˻
ؾ䣬һ˹
ȻԶԿ⡣
Զͣһ߷֮ϣңɲӿҽĺ׻ɽһ̣漴۾ϥþò
ǰ췭츲춼յͨ죬ȴٲ࿴һۣȫˮԴת֮С


976 ˮԴ
ڣͻĽԡͼٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬ⱼȴڹꡣ
߻ַȴĴҲﲿλĺ£γһ̫ͼģ
̫ͼǺɫѡ
е̫ͼһһңγһԲȦٷɢȥɢ֫ٺ
һ̣Ȼһңһй壬Ŀĸоƺ磬ˣָơ
ָоһδй
Ҳ֪ȥã֪һһ»һꡣ
ڣȴ˷츲صı仯
Ϊ̶˲䣬θߣΪˮϵת䣬ˮգˮԴ׽뵽ڻͨľء
ԭнװ벽۷壬һڸͻûã߽װ벽һξ룬컯ĵ֮ǰûϣͻơ
ڣ̶˲䣬Ϊ磬ȴֱͻƵ˸߽װ벽ڣһ
߽װ벽ڣ߽װ벽ڣ߽װ벽۷塭
װ벽
һֱװ벽ڣΪŽֹͣҲ˵̶Ƭ̼䣬ΪֱĸС磬ֱǲ顣
ûд꣬ʱ䣬Ѱ쵽
ϾΪ磬ԽͻԽ˸߽װ벽ϣÿһС磬ֻ¶Ѩʱһ󾳽绹ѡ
ڣ̶ֻƬ̣Ͱ쵽ǰϰ꣬һ궼׳١
һ޿״ĿС
ڣѾ״̬תΪҺ̬ȻִҺ̬תΪ״Ȼɫ΢е飬Ʋȶȴȷܸоʢ
ǲ֪һӣ鵤硣
鵤ָĳΡ
˿ڵĵУʵʣΧһȦǳǳİɫӰԶԶȥһŰɫĵ裬ϵת
ΧĵҲ֮Χ£ȥϣǴﵽװ벽ˡ
߽װ벽Ϊ鵤ɣװ벽Ƿ֡
һ˿˿ˮϵиŵ裬سתе̫Ȼҫ֡
˵ʱΪѾԭһСˣ콣콣ˡԭ棬칤ɽڷӵȡ
˶ֻǸ߽װ벽۷弶ǿߣڻѾͻƶװ벽࣬Ҳͺƽ
Ҳ˵ö̶̼꣬Ǽʮܴﵽľ磬ʹ֮ͻƷٳغҲǺͬȵĵλˡ
ⲻܲ˵Ǿ޴Ĳࡣ
һ꣬ӵķ屻ܣڵ֮һ˹м侭˶࣬վﵽһһŬֵã˻ر
ǣո־ͻƵĸо˳ԣ˻ζ˾ãʹٶྭʮ飬Ҳֵá
ֻ泩õسУֱ
ҲǾ˲ٵļ飬ûһΣ泩о
Ҳ⡣
Ͼԭнװ벽۷壬߽װ벽Ҳֻһ֮ңڣˮԴϹŹǳ֮ԭ֮
˵ǰոţǿʽţڣ򳹵̤˰ãȻ˵ԲȱȴҲӽɡ
һ־޴Ľ
ټϣƷ½׵Ľԡͼʮֲںһ𣬸ǳعˮԴƷףʹﵽƷнףߡ
һƷ׽һӦˮǲ֪˶ôǿҶı仯һеһУϳ˽˾ŵ漣
ȻΪﵽװ벽֮ҲͣҪ˵ƾһθһιֱӽ磬ǲܡ
ʣĺô֮ȴ
Ⱦǣĸޱʵ˵ԭˮԴˮݣ棬ܶ谭ĻھǼʵޱȵĻڴ֮ϣһи¥ã⡣
ΣΪĸС֮࣬һԶװ벽̷֮컯ֵҩͼߵĳɹʣڸ˵
Ѿ˷ĳΣֻҪԲԼİ壬ԼĵƷʣ漴пʱһɳ죬֮
֪˺һѵõĸᣬȻȴϾϴڣʱһ̷ֵҩ׷֮ʱ
ԣȻ֪˵ز˻Ҳû󷨼ӳ֣ѵãҲŻ˸պʱ̤˴ȻȻֱִӴƿҩȻԥͬʱ򿪣һͬԼС
ǳǰܣڴһ٣


977 ʦʦ
ŵҩ컯ɫףǳأ
ĵɫڲ£Աߴ˿˿ƽ棬ͬޱȡ
һͬʱУ˲䣬оͬһһ漴ܿ컯ζȻͬĸأĺУȻĵһ
䣡
ԭѾˮĵһΪǿҺע룬仯ͬ󺣱ƽٴη
ǿűѽʵ鵤ܵҼΧӰһģȻҪɢļ
Ȼ˾棬ȴû¶κεǻη뷨ʶɵҩֱ뵽ԼԡͼУȻֽ佥һ
컯Уʱһ˿˿һǳ·壬׽
컯ҩļ룬Ѿһηתɫһ˿˿һƷ·ǳ˸״
ĵҩ뵽ԡͼĵ֮У֮ڻһ
Щɫ棬ȼԡͼøӴ⣬ͬʱɫ棬һѼĽɫСˣÿһɫСˣһ̬ķӡ
ԡ𣬸ĽӰ˲ֻһֱĿ˹еԼӦ
ϣĿǵһĳ֣Ȼĵҩļ룬ԡͼֵԹġ
漴컯ҩѹ˽ԡͼӴˮϵͬˮ
ɽ֮ϣֻһȴ˿񳱱ӿƺ֮ĺƸʢ
壬һɫռţһǽɫĽԡͼռţ߻ȴںϡ
ˮڻһʱֵ̳Ѿΰ룬׳󡣶Χл࣬Ư¸һεӣͬ
̽ҫⰵ棬ͬС
Ҳ֪ȥʱ䡣
ֻ֪ǳ»غ˸
Ȼֻһ𣬻۾˫֮ͫУһһâͬʱǰͬι⽣ǰһʯ촷ۡ
ɫãȻȴֳϲȻ뵽ʲôæٴαۣ
ֻ
ڣλһöΰ룬ӰСĵ裬תÿһתΧһԪ·һһ̧㣬ƥΰ档
ǣͣ
ϲ۾ȻоԼĿ⣬˼֣ʮĺ򣬶͸ˮӵµĸˮݡ
ǾԲġ
ţ
˼ΣȻһ̧֣һĳ
֮ϣ˲һ˳ӿ֮漴һεƣգʮһ£ƽĺĳһ޴ĳӡ
ת˲䣬εƣȴת˽֮ɫ޾棬һ˲䣬ڵĺˮٴһգһֱϰȥ𺳶׳۵ľ޴Բش
ȥСʱˮٴε룬ƬشѾ㹻𺳡
̧ƣⲻǴ߶ֵһδκƷ̺һ˿ˮ壬ȴ֮ƣȻ̲סشЦ
ЦЦţֻȻͣᣬۿ
޵֮˲֪һԸͻƷһֻѨ۷壬벽磬ôա
Ӵˣ̤޵ʸûУޣһֻ̾
ʹʣûмҲ̸
ŻңԴԵ㣬һڻԪ۷壬Ԫṳ̂룬˸С
ԭҲֻһʲߣ˵ϵӵˣԪѣҪ˵Ѩ
գȴߵƷƷһ̤۷徳硣
ԣǺңǺεȴ棿
Խʼĵλʽ̤½۷һС֮УͰѹʵʳʥʣԼǧ½ĶͬС
ûĶ֡
磬һֱ˵еģʦ硣
ʦʦԸ⣬Ծʹ߳󣬿ɣԳһʦˡ⣬ȻǶһȴԶҲﲻ
˵ˣȴҲ֪ͻƷһ·˶ĥѣ˶Դٴж˵Ľ
Ʃ縡µɽõԡͼ湦нյ
ƩѾŮ֮ǰͽɴ͸һĵȻգҲǹܴɣҲûл˾
ΪͻƳɹ֪һ·жҡ
ȷţû컯һͻƷɹļʶûУûĵҲ߳ɵİգĳɿʧܡ
ûнԡͼû߶УûʱиˮԴ壬ˮԴɣЯʹһڵأҲ̤һ
˵ףһжǻԵлУȱһҲڵȴģҪٵģʧܡ


978 Ⱥƻ
ˣף֮ϣǰһжѡ
ڸղͻƵ˲䣬оʹ˵ﾡͷͷУεĽƣֹ½дڣϽƺ漰˷Ĳݡ
ȻŸս˵ԶûﵽޣǸоˡ
ÿһλսķһ̣о·ı˸аɡ
֮䣬ڤڤ֮Уʹڵķ򣬽ֹǵļ̽
ԣڳɾͷʵͻͽﵽһĿֲ磬Ҳ䣬νѨǿȴҲǷһ֮еɣȴܸе
Ϊħ桱Ӧ۵Ĵڣ½뵽ˮȣһʮΣյľأǰҲ˵䣬ʥ˾պۣ¥ŰŮ
ЩˣһΪǿɾͷ磬յؼ࡭
ڵʦӦǰҲһ֮С
ߵĲ𣬾ͺѨͷ֮ǵ蹵һ
ϾѨͻƷĿܣףֱӶ˵·طˡ
Ȼ½ǧҲһףǺʲⷽأѵޡ
ħ桱Ӧ֮ԻܴڣΪ⣬طδ任֮ǰⷽأڽ֮ǰѾﵽ磬Բڵǿʵפ䡣
ˣ϶ҲܵعѹƣֻǿʵѹһзҪ˵µĴڡ
ԣͻƷʵǣҲֻһʱˡ
ħ棬ԻһĪչ
䣬˭ܼ;ܹطƣͻƵڣпܣһȺ俹һ
ڣǱۡ
Ŀǰ½ٵĿɱء
һȺѨڵħ棬½ˣǲһڻңγ
뵽ˣȴĿⶸȻһ
ȻףʹԼͻƷҲȫǡħ桱Ӧ۵Ķ֡
ʣѳɷʱڣ˵֮ڣδٽһĻᣬԣҲȫƾħΪΪ
Ȼǧ࣬ͻʲô
һζأֻ򲻻֣վܿ
ߣĴнˣҽĴħµȴܴӻʱĵ
ԣ򲻹ħ棬Ըħµô
ħô֣һħϻ۾ħպãħŮۣħݹħԶ죬ħɮʥڰħħɮơ
λħħ˾ѾУֻλ
۳λڰеģֻһˣǱǵڶħ֮
֮ޱȣȥ˵ˣټϻаλħµʮףȵȡȴԿɱ֮
ЩˣȻûСħ桱ӦΣ󣬵ǣĴȺ׷ɱŵӣҴӣմѪȡ
Ϊħ桱Ӧ۵צ޵ҳ״˿ϣ
ܽһһȻδʱħ桱Ӧ۵Σʣ΢һ޵Ĵ𣬰˷ħеĿɱ״
ʱֻࡰħ桱ӦһˣǿֻҪʱ̹עĶ򣬵ʱˣ޹뿪ٻ
Ȼܳ׽ħ֮ٿԶʱڣһ޵ȴת
ԣЩħǵ֮
ǰֻǰ벽֮Զǰ˲ħĶ֣ҲֻȻƻ
ڣͬ˷սֻҪѰһϺδز˲ħһս
ԣƻѾճ̡
֮ƺΪȺƻ
ڣǻس̣һڵӱչصѩƻ֪ǣĴڳԱ־֮ʿСӣִƻʱ̵ˡ
뵽ٲͣͷһͻƷ֮أ漴תһתǴ磬ֱӻһɫâʧ
ٶȺ֮죬Ӱٶ屶
Сʱ䣬ͻصѩڵأԤ壬漴мѩУһһء

ԤΪԷһ׼֮Σչеˣȴ͵һһѡ
Ԥûã˾һһѣȻЩɻ󣬻ǺܿС
ϵϢʱһ漴ȫЩϲɴűıˣϲ磬ͻƷˣ
š
ͷҲûҲ
ǽ˽ƻִеҪͱϡ
Ȼ˷ͻƷΪɲʱ޲ϲĽ˼һתȴ֪컯ֵҩȻ̶ͻƷЩ֮⣬ʵһȴ֮С
ǹʣ˲ɻ󣬽Զʾϲ˷ܡ
ȻʹٳȻľٺõĽ飬ڱͬ䣬ʻԲǵȻǰһͻƷҲ޷ﵽһ־磬УǲôһССļʡ
Ȼ֮飬ܿɢӰʲôҲᡣ
УһͻƷԼҲͬġ
̸֮漴͸ǵ뷨ǾǲһֱӦ漴Ⱥƻĸϸһһˡ
ǳ˼漴ǲ۾
գ˱ʾһ֧뷨Ըɢǰڣ֣ʮ֧СӣǱ½أѰħȵķֲ͸֡
ùģֱӸ
򲻹ģѸϵȻ󼯺ϸ֣һٶ֮
֮뾡һа취ϧһֶΣƱȫؼħȵĸֺͷֲáħ桱Ӧ۳ΪϹӣֲнţҲ޷½ƿء
Ȼ󣬵ȴħӦ۵ת
ԣƻȺƻҲԳ֮Ϊƻ
ѩдʱˣƻķߡ


979 ֮
ȶ˾Ͳԥ
򵥵öһ¸ҪǰţԼ֮ϵķʽ֮˾Ȼ뿪ѩȻѩſڷֵ𣬸ǰԼҪչѰԸȺƻ־Ըߡ
ѾͻƷˣһʱıչأʵҲо
Ȼûһ̶̬գֱͻƷʵҲǲ
ҲףܱأΪǱ޴󣬽ܼ̳ţ·Ȼߡ
һʱչأʵǿܣɴҶɣˣȺͻư벽֮
У֡ɴӰ֮硱ˣŴ鵤ҩԼֲиŬ£ΪҲѷֱﵽװ벽ںڡ
֮УʵǿҶɣڱչʱã徳ʿǰֱűչزΪȻѾﵽнװ벽ڣΪ֮еĵһˣʵ˾ȡ
ʵˣʦʵΪѨжΡ
ӡ䡱꣬ԭʵѨ۷壬һʱչأҲŴĴ̼ȻҲͻƴﵽѨڳΣ̫ࡣ
˵ʵϷȻԳеԭһ̶ԱΣҲԸİ񽻵ͷϵԭ
ʹ˷ֱδлټ
˶ţһټ
һȥǷӿ˴޵縴ϣʱ̣ǳصһ̣ʽʼ

ģ飬Į
ݺӢ޾
Ҷɣɴʣˣ΢ɲ㣬뵽ݴʱտʼۣҲûκ˵ע⡣
˭֪ˣһʲôķ籩
ģزˣӦĺ٣ͬǾ½壬һֱֿӦûĲʱϽͣһ΢ɲ뵽ȺƻжУ֧Ѹ׳
Ϊǵļ룬˵֪Ⱥƻ飬һоȼ𣬳ʼȴ˲Ϊԭ֮ơ
ӣѩӦѩ飬ͫͫ봨ȱɪǧģŮɢƺ񡭡ȵȵȵȡ
ӰϣһϵˣӦĺ٣ȺƻСӣǱ½Ĵɱħȵķֲ͸֡
ǰеЩˣ⻹֮ˣ硰൶Ѻѣǧʫ˪紵ѩ裬˭˲ʶƷɣڰԴ쵶ޡѪ̣߷ȭȵȣҲС
ѩձ˿ӦûչȣѧΪչŬʶĶӣͦΪ½һ
󣬶һ꣬Ҳʮӣ˵뵽Ⱥ
һϯӣаһվߣʮ洫ӣһ֧Сӣж
ɽһʱĳڣҲɴ
ϯӡҶ˺󣬴ʮڵӣ½棬ɺڡĿںţҲ֧СӣȺ
£Ƕɣǣʮ¸ɮͶӣֳ֧Сӣ½ϡ
аɽɸֵ㣬ϦаɽϯӡӡѪģҧʮλаɽҴĺĵӣǱħȵ
칤ɽǴ½һҲǱҲ
һΣ칤ɽһ洫ӳ˽룬徳ʿУг֮ףḡԴ죬ֳĸСӣǱԭ
⣬Ѿ¥ĵߣ״Ҳټ˼¥֮սҴ¥ӣΨһһ֧Сӣͬѡ
ټӻɢޣԼ˵ļ룬ЩŵĳϺ͸߲㣬Գ֡
һʱ֮䣬·ӿ½𣬲һΣеͷöģȴǴ½ڣħԼ
̶̰ʱ䣬ɵħȷֲ٣ȺСӰлɱΧɱħȸ֣
½Ϊ֮һ
ио޵ĩս٣һƬڰˣͬһյССƣһ񣬿ϣ
ˣȺƻУ½׽˷ʱ̡
õķؾǽֻҪħ棬η뷨нˣҽǿΧˣܿ죬ħϵĴֲȫ١
ħȲòת밵һʱ࣬Ҳ޼ɵš
ȻҲħȸֳ֣ʮ˲ħԳ֣Ҳɱ߲㡣
ǣν֮ԭѾѻ𣬲Ϊӵ˷
ò׿ϣЩӵֻ֮ͬģøˣħ桱ӦۣȻҲһֱ˴õľʹãǣԭµʱ䣬˲̡
ٴηҪ½ҴţһȫͶһһ̤ϸܲ䳹״ݻ١
ķ꣬١
½ȻؽħֲȡÿϲչʣֻҪħһûκһܹԵסʹ֣Ҳħһ˵Ķ֡
½ٴΪ֮һйһΣ֮ǰӱۣˣͶ뷨
˷ԣȻ޳ɡ


980 ѩ
һ仰һʮɡ
뷨ȻħȻں˵
˵ֻҪܱ֤շ½Ϊã׷ߣۡ
ΪֻҪʵڣûĶ֣ͽ׷ţҪж٣ٲ٣ûá
ˣֻڶ޶ȴţս
飬Ҳûʲôð취ΪĿֻţֲڹģûκ̹Ȼ֮
Ǵ˽ǧĴڴɣԼòµĴûҵʹ͡
ħıȴûʲô취Էû˵̤һڣҲ˵κһڶûܣû˸Ĵҡ
ħӦǵ뷨ԾԵƳһıǿļƲҲ˿á
½

˵ȻҲϢ
ڴˣҲΣǣȴ
СɳħСӣ½Ѱңһħȵķֲ͸֣Ȼùվ½ڵӵ滷ࡣ
Ȼǡħ桱Ӧۣ˶ް취ǳħľġ

½ϣаɽ£һǧﴦһʯɽ
ʯɽģһ⿪٣ªʯУɴҶɣʣˣٴξۼһ
ʯģһʯʯ֮ϣһϸĵͼ
ʵָָͼ࣬һ˸ɫŵĵطڵµõϢħһϴķֲһֱȽΣֱֲ٣ǲſʼһЩǵ鱨Ա֪̽
ȷ𣬾ЩԱ֪
̧ͷʵҪ
ȷݾߣһֲпٴǱ£´ҵɾˡȷʵΪս׼Ͼ֪֪ˣս
ȷ
һµġӰ֮硱ʵͷʮֿ϶صͬʱһЩɣ֪϶и֣ΪǴֲܣҶȫ룬ֻ֪⴦ֲͬѰħ߼ļֲ֮һ
ţҲ޷룬ǵȷǱѰˡ
ԣȴû¶ʲôɫ˵ͷ
ҲףӰ֮硱Ϊԭ޵츳һӣʵ֮Բ˵ԭѾﵽװ벽ڡ
һʱĲսƴɱϵɬȥ˳еŴ˵ĳȣԭزҲŵɢࡣ
ڣһսˣΪҲ֮˳װ벽ڣװ벽۷嶼ֻһ֮ң
乥ֶΣʹʵѹ֮ͬ£δʤ
ԣΪʮ԰ȻǱǴħȵķֲǺͷֲĵλͬΡ
˵鱨ɡ
ЩȺСӣȻûʲô¼ûԼ鱨š
ǣΪħȫԵУЩŻңʱԸħ˺Ҳּȴݻǵ
ԣܶ鱨Щһ֪֮̽ͨһݸȺСӵġ
鱨ϱأһС壬׷һħȳԱֵģߣɷһˣȷϢα֮󣬲ͨʽġ
ԣֻȷһȷٲԥ
ٿ飬ʲôʱνѵ󻯵𣬸ֹϢ©
ڣžһλħڣҲʲô⣬Լ㲻֪˵ľΪһսҪ򡣡
Ŀɨһۣ漴⣬Ϊֹ˲ǰ˻ܣӦսپҹͶ֣һػΧӳħֲಿҺһ룬Ϊûɣ
ûС
ԣ⣬Ȼе㲻ʣǵͷش
һʱĺףԼʵһΣֻ֣Ҫûзڣûʲô顣
ħǿҲôλܸպϣԣǻֻܼ˷ų©֮㣬Ĵͷ˽
˵еĴͷһ˽ʸߣһΪԷһΪһԭҲһʲôҲͨ
ٶȼʺ
ˣѶǾϳҶȥϢ׼һ°ɣʱϣʱһ̳ʱϵص㣬ܹ
ǡ
ͬʱӦһ䣬漴ԥԷ׷ɢȥҲصԼĶѨĿϵһսȴûл̫ʱȥ˼
˵ħǿļλħʣսѹѾ˼ȥս룬ԡħ桱Ӧ۵ĵڶ޵ͷϣֲ
ֻȻΪʦһλ׾ʦԻԶԶ㡣
ʵռŵ£˼ãǺް취һֻ̾ܵȴתˡ
ʱɿȥתҹʱѵʮʱͬһʱУȻһۺγɵĬ໰ֱһͳŵͼ֮ϣ־Ǹطѩ򼲳۶ȥ


981 ʮ
ҹĻµİѩڶȻ
֪ˣԶԶһСֻΪͨ
˶ԣ֪С֮¾һħǿķֲ֮һȴԽԽɭ졣
ϸ֮̽£ܿೣ޷Ķ
һµս˵üǿޱȣ˵һССİѩ򣬾ǸĳҲȻη塣
һ𷨵ǿڣǽ˵⣬ԶԿĶ֣ڣҲԱݡ
һӣߵһӣΪֹûһ˳£Сӣ⵽һЩĥѣ˲ˡ
ԣʾ£˺ԥֱǱ˰ѩ֮УȻŵͼ֮ϣ̽ħȷֲɫķΧȥ
Ƭ̺˾ѩϣΨһɽһ¥ߵľͶķ֮ԣһߣ۲в˽
ɫķнɫ֮ƣ̻Իͣⰵѩƽͨĸָ롣
֪ˣҲֻΪķΪսǧԲܽɺͲ֪ķϸˣȴ֪ķ治Ǽ
ĲԴС֧ŵģħţ֮Ӷ
Ϊһħȴϵķֲ֮һķ֮УصĲƸǺܶͨһӣҲĿֲ֡
һж˶û塣
һССݻħڸķֲʮദջʤ
ЩʣħȴطӶЩҵתһЩ黹Щȴѱǳ׸ճΪжԴ
ԣڽɫķ֮п̲صľ޴Ƹȼ˲⣬ֻǹ۲˰Σȷ˴һûб֮ǰ龪֮ŷ
Ŀⶢɴȼ˿һۣƣ֮ǰƻж
䣬ԥֱӴӰ˳֣һӣһ˸˸ĳУ䣬ͬһ¡
ǰɫķſڿڽʵ̽ӵһЩħȳԱ˲㱻УȻҽжûзһ㼴ҷ
ΪͻƷʵѲЩܱͨȣ벽£û߳һУʹǰ벽Ķ벽Ҳ֮С
ʵľ޴࣬ƽʽģڲԱûзӦһһֱɱ˽ɫķ
һµġӰ֮硱εһ̯֣˼˵ұ׼ں룬ʵҲ߸ʲôæﲻϡ
ȻһΣȤı飬ǰԸһݣɱѪ·һ·ȥ
ɴҶɣˣλĴɫķΧ룬ֻҪӳͲһ񾡡
ɱ
ֶΣȻЩħȵĵͼӿɱȣգۼ䣬ʹӴŴɱһ·ѪƯ֣˼ˡ
Ҫֻ֪ħһֲѣǵķֲ鲼½緱ǣֹǧ
һˣǼֱ̫£Ҳܡ
һݻٵĸֲַħڸķֲһСҲͼˣһʽʴġ
һķֲʮ˵ʮˣƿһЩƿһء
ܳʮ˵ģֻͣ㣬ȻˣɼֲķǱѰ
֪Ǵˣ˷ֲ֮Уħȵĸ߲㣬Ҳһ㣬вСĿܣħڡ
˷ܣ⻹һħȷֲ֮зпܳڣħֻܹаλʮλϸԼˣʣˣҲͶʮλ
ħȵķֲгɰǧʮȻȫҸ˻ܷܲɢֲģֻжüķֲʸ
⴦ֲ˾Ųʮħȣһصָˡ
뵽ˣٸ죬âһӳâǣһ赲Ӱȫ£ٶȲֱͣµĵصȥ
;ϵˣʵԽԽǿ治һЩԪ棬αװҲѨڡ
棬ѨڣߵģﵽѨкΪѨ۷嶼һλʵԾ
ЩȻɲ赲ĽŲվǶ̫ڣɫķɧ˵Ĵӵص׳Щǰ棬Ȼһӥǳüɫ信ˡ
ţ
棬ĽŲͬʱͣסˡ
˿ףЩ죬ȴһʱ벻
ǳ˫üԼֻصӥǣȻɫȻһԺУǰһĻ㻮Ժһ˵ݣصòغһ
㣬ڤԨУ̤ɱڵӣʮ֮һľɵģ㣡
ţǣ
ӥһտʼûзӦ˵ڤԨڵӣȴȻɫһ䣬뵽ʲô漴Ц
ԭ㣬븲֮ڲԶڤԨУûаһȥҵʧߣΣ㻹ӵô
ڤԨУʱֻһССڵӡ
һʮ֮һİľɣԼͨڵӣԪף߿ɶһִ̽ħ񣬽һαװɡ̤ỶĿСеļˣ¶ְɱ
û뵽Ǵ¼ʧټòӰȻڴħ֣ܲҳǰ


982 ϶ϣ
֡
꣬ڤԨУһͨڵӵʮ֮һİľɣԼڵӣԪף߿ľһִȴΪ̤Ỷӥƭ
˵Ǵ̳֮ϷӡһֻԶаħӡɶȰɱؼ̳ʨޣֻԶаħǰɱɱѿС
ʱʵеͣͷʨޣȻһͷ̽ޣ൱൱еѨǿߣɳǿ
ڸŬĿҪͷʨ޻ɱʱͻ
ʨ޻֪УȻӲһΪһŻ⣬ӥӴȥСŮ¿ɶķ򼲱ȥȻȻɱ¿ɶ򿪰ΧȦһǣȻܡ
ʱ¿ɶܲۿҪ䡣
ڵ֮һ߿ãϣֱѪ֮СŮ¿ɶǰʨ޵Ŀֲ
ǣȴû뵽ʨޣⱲµ顣
µǣȵСŮ¿ɶǰԼŴ¶Ȼһ˭ҲûϵľٶĶһˮУһ̡
ۣ
߿ֱǲŵı顣
ֻǿʼ
漴
һֱºͶţαװɡ̤Ỷӥӣȴ֮˵ĴʨޣȴֱгȻһݣ̴˼֮ףʮ֮һľɵࡣ
˲䣬漴ժԼαװ̤ỶƤߣɶͷߣһ
£ȴԶУһֱӥӱ𣬵һֱ䡣
ڣû뵽ȴڴ˵ؼ

뵽˴ŭ֣ٲԥһݣеâ㻯ΪһƥâֱӶӥǽӵࡣ
СƾҲҵĶԡ
ӥǽӼȶֲм֪ѾͻʵбӣҪ
ǣûϵһĻǣΪܴĳȴֱࡣ
תĶƺûĻƥĺŭһҲͬһɴֱֽӱ顣
һ
㡭
ӥǽĲʣɱ飬ͬ˹һ㣬ָָȴվһĻ˵
һ̣齣ˣӥǽ֮УʱһѪֱԵȥϢȫޡ
ͷ俴ӥǽӵʬһۣ漴һŽ߿һڵӰľɻģ߲͡
˵䣬ٲӥǽӣֱת뿪ŵһ㼲ȥ
صףȻһȺŶѾڵȴĵ
ΪˣһۣΪףߣ׼˪ףŲȺ⣬һ޵ߣһѧ
ϢȴԨ纣ɲ⡣
ͫ׶Ȼһ漴۾¶һ˿Ȼ
Ȼ㣬̤Ỷ
ĻУûо죬ûлɣƺԤϣǿ˪֮ˣ룬ȴĿ΢΢һ¶һ˿⡣
㣬ûмǴ󶥷ٳ֮һҵյĳɾֻͣǽգôҴ˽òͷô
ˣ
¶⣺ȻҲ㲩ôǣҲߺ֮һ֮£ʱǱʮꡣƾһСõһʵҲĿˣɱ㣬ʮУ
ʮУǺǣ
һ̣ЦЦϣ϶Ȼһɿɲƣֱ紹֮ƣ֮٣һɲǣ¶ķڵĽħȵӣȫС
Щʵ΢һЩħȵӣʱһ¶֮ɫһûзڱѪֱ̣ӡͨͨԵڵء
ʵǿģҲֻ类ѨڵĶǿߣϢҲɪɪһ¶ŵĿ־ɫ
ôܣǣ
̤Ỷȫŵɫ䣺ƣǣпܷĿֲƣ
Ȼʵǿʮǰߺеһ޵ܳʮλ֮һľ磬ǸĪ⣬Ȼﵽнװ벽ھ硣
ʵ£Ҳûмˡ
ǣʵǰнװ벽ȴӤЦһ
ãߣ
ȫûԤϵһ󱲣ȻôʱͻƷ磬ǿԼһ׷Ѱȴ޷̤֮
֪Ķ֣̤Ỷһλε֮Ȼڴ˵صһ롣
ǣ᣿
ʵ뿪ڤԨ֮ǰͶлɣӥӿð䣬ʵ˭֪٣
棬ߣ˿һĿԴ⣬жϴ
Ǽ٣ӥӣֻ¶Ҳ롰̤Ỷеµӥӣһ£ִ´ѡ
֮ǰһֱҲᣬڣħȵķֲ֮£ȼλӥӣȷΪħȵĳԱص׼ˡ̤Ỷһв²ȫ棬𰸺֮
Ȼûð䡰̤Ỷӥӣǡ̤Ỷ£һ
̤ỶˣҲħȵĸ߲㣬һĶϲ֪մ˶ٰ߰ѪծУڤԨǼ£˶캦顣
ˣɱ
£
ɱڵӰľ֮ڤԨ׷ɱ֮ޣɽ֮ۻˡޡ֮ԹԼΪ徫ӢӵܣȴħΪ֮ǣִޣʵ࣬к½޵ߡ
¼ù뿪


983 ϶£
ɱ
һ̣ɱӿһζħеĳԱʹ֮Уеâһӣųһ֮֮ǰնɱӥӻǿҿƥĽŶġ̤Ỷն˹ȥ

桰̤Ỷɫ䣬֪Ƿĸ֣еֿ˼
ܷųճˮֱѹһЩΪ͵ħȵӣסҪ˵
һƷʢΪнװ벽ǿߣҲԵֿ
֪Ӳˣ¶۱ɫһЦǷǿߣҲֻǸոͻƣỶδ㣬ưɣ
Ԫƣ
ֻһƮͻʹգĪɵֵԽԽǵ޵ʽԪƣ
ƷԳƷֻ´ﵽ˵ƷΣ¼ӵУֻ¾ħشġ
ˣޡ޽ԪƵ֣ɫɱ޶죬йܡ
ڣҵȻѱʶƣﻹҪʲôء
ͷҲûգûأֱʹԼɱﵡ
Ȼ˿ֲһƣȴֻǲмһЦеâٲģֻ;Ση
ͣ
ɽһԪƣߣȴֱӱһи롣ƲֱӴӡ̤Ỷü䣬¸ֿ
䣡
̤ŵı飬ԵüһѪߣֱӷֿȻ壬ʱΪ룬Ŀ
ֿʬУֻ۾𾪣ʣֻŵȸȻû뵽ʵȻﵽ˵زнװ벽ڵǿߣȻҲһ֮С
һ޵磬ߺ֮һ̤Ỷ
һαƣվҲӲصƲá
ȴ֪֮ʱУ֮£һ˿ڣ
Žվԭأԡ
̤꣬Ỷǳݣ𾴵Ķĸ߷塭ڣʱףԷȻѲԼһ֮У±棬Īǡ
̤ỶħȷֲĳԱȻҲӲһ׵³ǵʵ̤Ỷ磬ȻĶ֡
ͳͳʱɺɺٵķʲŸϵصףʬأһƬǽ壬ûаı顣
Ȼ飬Ѽˣϰˡ
ʰһ£㡣
飬ȻޱɪһûнǿУľɵ˱ѩ޵Ŀ⣬ֻį
ԡ̤Ỷʱѹʱԡħ桱ӦۣǰԼҲǣ㷴֮ûУ
һɽһɽߣ죬ˣԶʱ
ɪ߳¶ķӰ֮硱һ£ΪͻȻ䡣
һħȷֲӦһͦ˵
ҲûІ£ֻǵ˵ͷΪÿθ³ѾϰߣҲͲνֲˡ
ʱпգһ±ħȸ֡
һۣͿУǾ߱һΪ룬״Ҳ̶ĵġ̤Ỷ֪ͷ̲סһ¡

ûеȺܾá
ػɴҶɣˣʵʲôҲûΪûˣܴԼ˵Ľ»
صƬ̣ͿѾ˶ʱΧ
ʣֻı飬֪һѾǵȴջʵʱ̡
Ƭ̺һ𾪵ķʣڽħȸңԼɱЩħȸϵĲƸȫռõǰֳһ

߲
ö䱦
ɴˣɿһ㶡
㶱ϣ֮Ȼ
Ͼ֮ǰЩСֲС㣬ħһصܲռ˶ʣ֮С
Ǹһʱһֻࡣ
漴˾ͿʼƷЩ֮պ黹ԼЩ֮УЩԹʹãʵԱõΪħҵ
֮һֱֶûвеȻĿһִ޾䱦Уһʳ
һɣǡһɫмɫƵ쳤ʱǰ֮ϣš϶ϸС׭֣˷졣
Ʒ
һʵﵽ֮ʵҪһѸõıˣǱμƷâѾȫطʵ
ֻǼƷվûôңټһֱҲûĸ֣Ҳһֱ
û뵽գȻħܲĵ²رУһƷ
һ̣վһ˿˷֪˱ħȴӸޣ׼ħ桱Ӧ۵ģ̲סֽһӡ
ৡ
һֲɫ˸иصķâһǰɫķǰʯֵʱһ·ǵ蹵һľ޴ѷ졣
һɽӶϣ췭ظ
սһЦо֮âǿĵطһɵս
磬һɿƲ࣬ʵѾޱȿˡ
ϾϣÿһС磬ޱȣرսĹߡ
ҪˣǷ˰ɣ֮ԭķʽͻؼҡ
ǡ
༸˴Ӧһͬ϶ǿ󣬵ȴûһ̰֮ɫȻ漴ĬĬ
ף
βʱ˺Ȼһףγһݵǰ
һܣ߶һöǮԲڷһ֣棬Ǵдġʮ֡
ʽ͵Ǵӡ̤Ỷѵģʲô
ûмⶫֻ²⣬״ȴĿ΢΢һ
뵽ʲôһ֣϶ȴ֣Ӵȡһ
һͬһܣ߶һöǮΪ֣ȴһдġš֡
ֲ߳ͬһģһȻͬһϵеƷ
ȻЦ
ʮϡ̤ỶѾħȣϵĵڶλˡ
˲ʶΪȻİǱħȣʮԵ
һ̤ỶݣȻٲܣ¡Ȼħȣʮ֮һֻĩȻףȴǵ˽¼ҵ档
⣬Ȼû˿ϵ
Ϊף¼ңǡ̤ỶǱλܣǿ֪ٱĸ磬պá
ħȣ˴ħ֮һҺȻλеѾ뷨ϴڣ
ֲ̤ỶһС漴ȥҲһɢ


984 תֱ
ħܲԴ֮һѻ𣬽ĶķΪ˻ҽҲ׶ħȼõĿܡ
漴ȥص֮ǰǸʯɽݵ㡣
Ȼ˵غһȥʹϢȴ˲ǵĺɢһգ漴ɫޱء
ħ桱Ӧʽأĵһ£ٴͶʱ䡣һҪõ𰸵ţڵϵһţаɽ
ʱ䣬
ʱ䣬аɽûлظߴ𸴵Ĵ𰸲Ǿڳ̤аɽаɽһС¾һ
ѪɱѾ½ԣеһС
ŬɱħȵķֲΧɱǵĸ֣ħһ˭ҲǶ֡
½ƣǼתֱ£뵽նʱ
˶ڵȴȴаɽĻظ

ˣҲû뿪
ǾʹаɽܽĵطΪ˸죬õаɽľƣԭء
аɽһΪԭ̸ǽ𻷡ΪףһСڶӣ׼ɽ
һСɽϣ׼ֿͬ
ȺˣаɽΨһһλװ벽š಻ΪףԼмӣԸʯ٣ҲԸڶӣͶб־ᡣ
һСˣ³εİ޵Ϊףηħƣϳڣ׼ħ桱ӦͶϡ
ȻһСҪͶˣħ桱Ӧ۵ǰħ桱ӦȴֻĮؿһۣ˵ģҪǾͶȻǾͶкνǵıҪȫɱˣ
һ֣һ£ѵȺڲħȸ֣˲ٵһСаɽȫɱ
һʱ䣬ѪƯ֣ħ֮ϣһŵѪ
Ͷ°޵ˣǲŵı飬ԹߺͲʣվǵвڶֱ֣ӱնͷ­ڷ
ǰһǻԹ߳ϣþɢǣȡֵúˣ
Ҳѧš಻һɽϵֿ׳ң
ܣͶԷȴǣֱɱԩޱȣһ

Ͷģ׼ֿģѾߵģûһ
Ͷˣֱӱħ桱Ӧɱʬ׳ιӥȫʬԩޱȡ
ֿģ¡š಻ڤ棬ʱڴﵽ˼ٵ֮ӵһ˿սԡħ桱Ӧ۴ħǲһ̶Ƭ̣ȫ
ߵģҲûʲô³
̸ǽ𻷡һСӣҪ޾ɽȻһ޾ڷ˳۵ľŮӣվ֦֮ϣصȴǡ
ŮУһаɭɭϵħͷɫȣԹ죬
ǣڵƷаȣ
ǽ𻷡ϾǷˣԭ֮ڸаɽ߲֮һ̸ȻܶԼŵڱϤ
ȻΪ˴ȴɫ䣬ޱȾ֣һͷš
ָ֣Ǻڷ˳Ůӣ㣬ǷŮۣ
۹ⲻ۾ͽǣȫΪеһ»ɣ
䣬ڷ˳ŮƮƮһаȡ
ʱУɫаĹţһɵĹ⻪͸ȶ̸ǽ𻷡ڵˣȫΧС
ա
һ֣˲־壬ʵļУ˵꣬޷ģ壬Ϊһɫ뵽ɫ֮С
ɫ֮ϣЩħͷףԾ£ˣƺ˹

аȣһ۵ѾϢȫޣǽ𻷡ڵаɽʣ֣һʣȫŮ۵ȻһЦһת˶ʱΪһʧƺֹ
ԭأֻʣһȺȫʬ·ãʬ֮˿Ѫⶼɱɲʬ壬ڴˣҰ޿ʳ
ʵﵽ߽װ벽̸ǽ𻷡ڷŮλӵнӽսƷĶǰҲһ֮УֵĻᶼûС
ˣ̶գϵһаɽ׸𣬳Ϊμ˳аɽϯӡӡѪģΪţӹһ٣֣Ը
½˴֮һӴʧһڣֻʣҴ棡
޵ʽң
Ψһңɽϵֿġš಻ˣõˡħ桱Ӧ۵ĺףûʬҰҪͶİ޵ԼҪ̸ܵǽ𻷡ȣࡣ
ңҲ˾
Щĺ޼ֵЩڽ


985 ħԾ
Ȼ״Σû˻˸мħ桱
˶еģֻķߺޣԼĵĵǺ޾Ŀ־塣
½ǧڣڣ¥ţаɽȺ
¥ѩʱǧɡŮټʳʥ˾պۣλսڣȫ䡣
ǣһսаɽֿˣɱˣѡͶˣɱˣɽˣҲɱˣһ⡣
ֶΣɳء
һĻаɽλɽ֮λŹȥã
Ȫ֪֪Լޱõţת۾ͳΪһƬ棬֪θ룿
źǧģ£ԭ̸޾̣ѾߵġƷ桱аȵȣȵȡ
ҪаɽϵȨڣаɽˣҪȨ羵£ˮлûκδڵ塣
ңԼڶаɽԲеʹаɽǰҲ˲һֿ֮ûУΪеЦ
Ϊʷϣһʡ
аɽĸҲһǾӣ͵½ʿͷ
֮ǰ¥ĸ˵¥ѩʱԼײħǹϣŵĸ˻Թۣԥ
ôаɽ˵״ڴ̼ʣµڡ
ǳ׾ѣ֪ҪôսҪôûе·ߡ
ʹͶɽ˵ȫڶһͶħ棬˵ж󣬾ܣҲᱳǧ˵֮ȥŵڡ
ȫͶЧսȴǵɻ
ԣ˶ٲھɽŵȴħ桱Ӧ׾¾׳ң֮롰ħ桱Ӧ۽һս
սҲùصɽñǰɱǿö࣬һ׳֮
һ˲õڸ߲ͨʹ
ܿ죬ħ桱Ӧ۵һĿչǰȻϾһڣ¡
аɽ֮ûֱͣӾͷ˵ĵҪʮ֮ڣͶȻаɽ³ǵİ
һ»Ȼ
漴֣ʼȺɽ׼ڴ˴ô󣬼˵롰ħ桱Ӧ۾һս
ѡ˵أֹΪ˼ᶨµֿ֮ģǿǵҪǣе֮㣬ǰô󣬸ʤ㣻ڴغħ桱ӦԶʱݴ͡
һϯ޵꣬٣

ɴˣʹаɽ£аɽϢȻ֪ġ
ʱ̾аɽˣ漴ڣ׼ֶԿħ桱Ӧۣħ桱Ӧۣ漴·Ϣ
漴ȻҲˣڣȫеʿɽ롰ħ桱Ӧ۽һ
Ϣ֪ԼҲ룬ⱾȫʿͬʢᣬɴˣȻŹ
֮޷ԡħ桱ӦۣڣǣͷССҵļ룬޵ǿ󷨵ĸδû롰ħ桱Ӧһս֮
뵽ˣٲԥֱҹ̣Ϻµķ򼲳۶ȥ

аɽϺ£ûжپ롣
ټʵﵽ֮ٶȺֹһ´ˣԱƽ屶ٶȣ¼϶ȥ
߰ʱ䣬ˣ¡
ˮһߣããŸϷ裬һɰ֮
Զ룬ǧȻƺ׳ۡ
Ȼħ桱Ӧ۵ļκα仯ڿеĺŸҲӦսϢڰ衣
ȺԼϵصĵǣȴԸܵսٽУԼĽš
;֮ĸڵӣٸ߲߶ķأһ齣ԼʯڲʲôĴ
սһ£ףǲǳ
ңǧǰרŷΪ˶Ըħ桱߽
һΣΪ˶Ըħ桱Ӧۣٴηӡǳһα˳ڲϧѪ޾Դܣһǰδеĺƴ󣬶
Ȼ˶ףǧǰڸ߲㶥ǿԸ˲ħ桱Ӧۣڱ֣£أſħ桱Ӧ۷ӡ
ǧ󣬸ʵǰֱӸ𣬱ʣµһСȻҵУʹϸССʵҲԲǡħ桱Ӧһ˵Ķ֡
ο»Ӵͬӵλǿڵħȴڡ
ԣ轣󣬿ͲݻҪϧñǧǰӡħʱǿĽ˲һϣ


986 
ʱû׾Ѿ˿£ˣ˲ĴۣŽɱһ
ˣǱˣҪڴ˵롰ħ桱һս´ס֣ơ顱ĵҶʦԼΪǿǿаɽһɽǿߣߡǧ
´סֵҶаɽɽߡǧûսɣʥƵ˴ʱҲȡǰҳ֮顱ֵܽò㸲
аɽкǿȨڶ÷ֱֱֱӱħ桱Ӧһѹûа㷴֮
޵ľ棬Ҳõ˾档
Ͼֻߡǧһˣһǿսڵʵ޵統ĸ󷨵Уǰ壬ǰ֮С
ܸ޵Σȴһεʱøǿңҵöࡣ
ΪһΣ˽ҪԵģڵصױӡǧ꣬Թǧǰӵ׾ʵġħ桱Ӧۡ
ԣ֪Լʵǡħ桱Ӧ۵Ķ֣ŲòԼѸٵŸ׼
ңҲȫ޵Ϊǧ꣬һЩԼĵƣԼɱﵡ
Щǧǰûеġ
׵ļţһ㱻˳֮Ϊµһŵ칤ɽɽɳڣ޳꣬Լںϣ𷨵
𷨵
޵ǿļɱļţ΢ĩֵ֮һѡ
ĴŴڣټϱ¡ɻеص£رɮڣȻûзսҲС
ʱ˺ͣȫռ
ɻܻܡħ桱Ӧֻۣ˵ˣҲûʲôð취ˣֻܾΪѣ

ɽûֱͣɽ
ǣǸŵӣҲܵϸ̲飬ǵħȵļϸ롣
ɽ֮ܣ֮ţɼһߡ
ңǶǻʵİ˴ŵӣűɴҶɣʵˣţֱӾһλоɵĳڳϡ
λڳȷǵݺֱӷУԴ·ǰһСԺ֮С
ʱڣǿۣڶ࣬Զʿʱ
¿ԺޣǿߵҪʱܳһСԺǣѾǶĪˡ
ȻСԺªҲû˵סľԺʡ˴ǼţԿħ桱Ӧ۵ģǰ֣Ըں
ûиǰſԺҪ̣Ҳں
ȷþסص֮˸һҪǰȥݼһĸ߲㡣
ħսΪʣ֮һһΣֹһչصڵľǿߣѩأѾ¡
⣬ײβŶ̫ϳϣףҲѾϵ
⣬ϤȴֱѾõˡ
硰ѩӦѩ飬ͫͫ൶Ѻѣǧʫ˪ڰԴ߷ȭ飬Լӽư֣ӵȡ
ȵȵȵȡ
˵ʶľЩһͬһͬսȵͬڵӣ˴Σ£ڴȻòȥһһݷһ¡
ңҲʱ棬ԼͻƷʵˡ
ȣȥݷ˵ѩѣԼ̫ϳϡ׵ȸ߲㡣
һСɳֵĴ£һǳĵã°Ÿľ
Ͼ֮һһ°ŸľȻǸȰŵСԺɱȣׯϿҹⷿ䣬Žټ䡣
ˣܶײӣҲֻмһסˡ
ϾΪ֮һȻԭĩӣҲǧϣ⻹ŵġ
ǰѨµһΪҲûãͽԴģȫѨϵĸ֣ԶӣԼΪ
һڵһμڵǿߣѩѡ
֮⣬ǿߣ編ڵġף̵Ȩ棬콣콣ˡԭ棬ԭ³ϣ帱ǧ׷ꡱŷ磬ȵȵȵȡ
ѩѣףһϮˮȹɰɴĿ񻣬Ϣɲ⣬ʹΪҲеѹȡ
ǣ֮ϣڷһεĻƳ
Уװ䲻֪Ϊȴ˸оǿ֮δȡϴ
޵紫÷зİڱ֮£ʱףֻ¾ǱԹഫƷŪ׺ˡ
༸ڣµ֮鱻ϻ۾ã֮컯֮ãаɽڱаȱŮ۶ߣڵڱɱҲ䵽ˡպõС
޵Ҵ棬ֻļ칤ɽ̹Ŵŵ¥ħߣԼķŪ׺١
ǣ칤ɽ̹ŴԼеķŪ׺٣ڣȴѱħ桱Ӧ̤Ҳ֪١
ԣн磬ӵеıܺͣѾֻߣֱ칤ɽ̹ŴеķŪ׺ٶѡ
ŵ¥ħߣ˭Ҳ֪ȥڶʱڣֻ±¶档
Ҳţԡħ桱Ӧʱһ޴ơ
Ͼ۸߲սֻ棬ħӵĴлһƷɱߣȴߣһֻƷһƷԶԶħյĴܱȡ
ŵҲǸ֮ǰԸ롰ħ桱Ӧʽ˺Ƥȫ濪սԭ֮һ
ʵΪһ棬ڣơ
µ¥ţаɽһһΪԱΪˮܣţҲòһˡ


987 
ѩ࣬λƽģһλ
λ֮ϣһһ£ɫȻӰţһﲻ
ϣǧƲתϢԣȴ֪ǿ
ԭߺ֮ףף̫ϳϣѩ֮⣬ڵĵڶ
һżڣͬӵĽ
ΪǽǧƾԼͻƷûнκġ
ݳɾͣž񣬳Ϲ֮ʱû
ǣڿ֮˷ϵһΪ˱ΪӴǣȴû뵽𣬸һеһͻƷĴڣһ˫ʢľ
ȻƺʲôĿһĨ΢΢ľ棬漴ͱ˵ЦȻ˵ͷ
һĻУǾȶ𺳵ġ
˭Ҳû뵽һӣȻѾﵽġ׵ͷʾ⣬ôˣ
Ҳûˣûˣáʾģ⻹ǵһΡ
ξ𺳣˻ʱѹסĵ˼ֻԺվе
Ӱڶλ徳ʿ壬֮һ˳ơ𡱣
ʣӱįĻ߳ȴܴһУѲഴ档
Ȼǻ֪λ棬ǵģǸľȡ
ڴ׵ѩѣԼϲ̫ϳϣ֮⣬ڣʮλǿߵӰ
ÿһθ߲㡣
һ࣬һߴϯλֱǵһλһλɫǳۣʣĿֲӰ
߷֮ף콣콣ˡԭ棬װ벽ǿߡ
ڶλһ£ͷһֻ޴ɫ¯Ӱڶɽ壬浤컯޼񷣬װ벽ھ硣
λһ£°·һ޴Ȼĵ֡
ɽ壬ƹҶ߽װ벽۷֮
λλλֱһϮ£ɫҵʥٷһ£Τԣһ£󴦵һɫİٻġ
˾Ǹ߽װ벽磬ʵǿһͶи߽װ벽ڡ
ģɫµİٻģʵΪ߽װ벽жΣǿģɫµʥٷΪ߽װ벽۷徳硣
߸λãȻã룬Ҳ֪߷Ҳڵɽ壬õġ
ֻϧòʧ֪٣ϯλãûĩ
֮⣬мˣվڼλƹҶ󣬾վһˣͬһ£ϢӴ帱ǧ׷ꡱŷ硣
Ȼ⼸ˣΪλʸվҲǸʵȨһ
һ࣬ϯλڵһλģһλ䣬Ϣ׳ӣǱˣ̵ϣٽɱȨ档
ٽɱȨ֮£߰λڳϣֱǡ볤ϡϣ곤ϡԶȵȡ
У곤ϡԶԭڵӣڶӰʮ壬紵ѩүү
ҲǵǸưֵˣμʮӰ񣬽аؿߣµλʥٷ峤ϡ
һȺ˾ۼȻ֮롰ħ桱Ӧһս飬պøһκؼô߲ۡ
Ŀڴڶ߲һӶȻ׵Լ׵һ񣬿ڵ̫ϳϣλԼλϡħսϢϻأŵǲ
ãܺãĿɼΣ
ڴ׵ˮŮӣҲѩȻɴУһ˫ˮĿȴȻ¶⡣
ۣкȻҲ¶һ˿֮ɫһ˿εؾϲ
ͻƷˣ
ʲô
ڣǴ󻩡
콣콣ˡԭ棬浤컯޼񷣬̵ϡٽɱȨ棬Ѿʶ帱ǧ׷ꡱŷȵȣ޲𾪵ԼĶ䡣
ң𣿡
ǵı飬һ㶼֡
УϣͻƷ콣ԭ棬컯޼񷣬Լ̵Ȩ˶ԣⱲҪͻƷһΡ
ڣȴԼУһ֮ǰǹעӣȻߵ˵ǰ棬ΪһҲ󼰵ĸ߶ȡ
𾪣Ȼġ
ͺͼ̣ڴϣҪʩһȴ֪ʵһ̣Ǹǧ򱶣ǼһҲ۲λһָͷĲƸһ
˳֮˸ŵĳ̶ȡ
ǣȴɫ̹ȻΪףΪȻЩԼϣȴͬΪﵽ͡ס
Ҵ˴ε̹ԼͻƷ飬Ҫ
ԣҲ˵ı飬ֱӵȻشǣлԵһͻƣǷڣ
˲䣬һƬţţֻʣ˵۾Լ˲˵Դ
ѩѣԼһġף۾ȴӹȻ˵ı飬̲סУãܺãһӴˣˣ
ûͻƵķΪܣֻҪɾͷܹΣǶڵ¾ƽõħ֮սһòǿļ
Ȼܲϲ
ٴ˵ǰ棬ѹ칤ɽڣ꣬Ϊ޵һţǰ϶顣
ֻһУҪͦһսС
ͦٶ༸λҲǺõģ༸սǿˡ
ĶԴǼ˲ڷӦ˹ţ𺳣Լ֮
˶֪Լƭˡ
ǣܲţɣֻýʵ
ĵף뷨Ͳö֪ˡ
ֻ֪ӽ׻Ҫһˣߵ˵ǰ棬ΪҪ;ηĶ
ӽһ̫ϳϣӰУ֣֮ժȥʧ


988 쳾˼
ͻƷϢ·һ쫷磬ֹӼ磬˸ɼĺ䶯
֮⼸ߵĸڵӿУ̸Ļ⡣
ʣԡħ桱ھ·磬ĶĸڵӶԣ˷棬ͻȻһλǺʵһ¡
ȻһλδؾŤת롰ħ桱ӦһսĽ֣ʱ򣬸պ׳Ϣȴڵĵһ
ٲôήұˡ
˵ĵֿһӻࡣ
Ҳѩѵˣ֪ͻƷ֮û뵽ֱӹȥԭ
Ϊ磬ʱȷҪһϢ಻ϵڵġ
ͬʱ
ʱһλһ⼸һ۲۵جġ
Ϊ֮׵칤ɽڣɡ
ΣǶϣһڶ֮ϣΪ֮ףռǵ͵λ
ڣַǳʱȴӲѹֲǡǡ෴ǻ޲ڣܶ൮λķһֿħ桱ء
ЩǳĸŶһ
Ϊ涼Ϊﻹ˵֮以
Ŷˣλк壿
ΪˣڴʱʱͻƷϢ뷨Σ٣ﵽС
û˻˶󣬸ѹ
Ϊһ£ڵĵλһδߣ׳Ϊ֮ס
ȴ֮ǰμӴ˴λսǣû뵽ġ
⼸죬µľԺ䣬ͻᾭڵǵʦ֣ӷָָ㣬Ľ쳣
·ҲȸһݹʣԾأߵðͦأ
һУǵġ
ǿеʦʱȴѻص֮ǰڳϸǰŵСԺֱӱչȡ״̬ãȴպĴս١
ǿ˵ɱﵣ򲻵ѣᶯáһв죬飬ύǿ
ֻҪ񣬵ʱֶԸħ桱Ӧһ˾㹻
£µ
ͬʱ
ǰܵݼŸλǿ֮󣬼ѾͻƷʵȻٸһλӵݡ
ԣ͡һѯʹȷԸֻһ֮󣬾͸һ̫ͬϳְλ
ְλλȻͬȨͬʱܲ£רҸԴӦȡ֮֮ߡ
Σ϶ûл鷳ǵʱ
˵ǣȨС
ҲˣҲϣõְλ
⣬һ鷨ǿߣ½̫ϳϣȻܾסһСԺУѩֶڿճһʮֿµСԺһ˾ס
ֻǴ£ˡ
֪ʱڵסжš
ǿټǧĸڵӣԼɴ˷ԴԴӿһЩСңСŵԱµס׽⡣
ǵһЩãµԼסɮᣬòմãԼʮ˼һ䡣
Ȼ˵ʱݺʵסһСԺӦҲ˵ʲôлֲᵢܣ޵ΣʱȥƽЩ
ԣȻŪʲôȨ
ͬʱΪŸӦǧɡŮҪչһںˣɴҶɣʵˣģбҪչ˺ǵһС
£ΪиõľסǷֿȻĵ׿϶½⣬٣ȴȥô
ԸɴҶɣʵ˾סԭȰŵСԺУҲ
ֲǲסˣªһЩ޵˵ֻҪӰ޹ؽҪ
⡭
ΪͻƷ̫ϳϵϢϤŵĺѣ׷ӿףء
ѩӦѩ飬൶Ѻѣǧʫ˪ͫͫãڰԴȣ׷ţһһ
ǴΪףأΪˣҲ˼ӣջԼĵӣһȴԼĸߴƵһ˿ʺۺ졣
ΣϣǶһı飬飬Ϊͬʱϲ̫ϳϣպԽԽǿ
˵ɵϣȻܸӦ
֮飬Ҫ¶ԼͻƷһ̣뵽Ȼϡ
һ죬ʶ˶һ飬Щʶ˶ָ㣬ֻһл͵ӣֱӱչŴ಻֪Ϲϵĸڵӡ
һ徲ˣʱҲɿȥգۣ͵ˡħ桱Ӧ´ͨ뺣¾ܲشţһսʱ̡
ħ֮Ĵսڿʼ


989 ǿ
͡
ǰӴ㳡֮ϣѾȫ룬ȡħ桱Ӧ۵ĵ
¶ţ̺һɷϢ
㳡ңһſм䣬š
࣬ڶСңСɵĳϻӡȻǵ࣬ʤӴ󣬼ǧҲһɲС
ʣħԾʤģȴǣţԼʮգƴۣҹͣµĴ漶ǳ
żǳ󣬲̡
СңСŵĴڣֻܴ߹ģĹľҪ³ɱҲֻܶԸһЩħȵආѣĴսȻǡ
ʤʤ
ڰܣٶ࣬Ҳǡħ桱Ӧһ˵Ķֱ֣ӷƾܸ
һսҪ߲ս֮ĶԾ
£һƬѤá
˵Уȴһ
Ƕصη壬˵ĵǣԼĿ־塣
ʣħ桱Ӧ۵ǿģ׾ʵ˾
Ǹаɽʱֶ̫̣ʽ̫ˣܺͶ˶Źֻ´ʱδܾۼݡ
ԽˣԽ˵ħ桱Ӧ۵־ڱصãΪԣҲܲһ㣬ȴȻˣֻ˵Уûа½ѡ
ǣ½н磬ȴ˿ԼΪΪ˷չΪ˽źͻȥǱһս
ϧۣƸ۵һս
վӪ࣬ԱߣɴҶɣʣһСҴ֮ˡ
ȻѾһֶˣǣֻҪڣֻҪһϢƱػᱣ֤ŵİȫ
ɴҶɣʵȣִķҪŲμһսԸԼѾȱϯԸϳ
Ϊʹ𵽵ãҲ΢΢
һΣգʹҲδܾԮʱ
ִ̫֣Ҳ롣𣬵ڡȻȫ޵ħ֮Ծһսǲȱϯ
ʵλһ룬ǽյλãҲġ
𣬾ǧջʤǵĺǣһսУʲô޴ӻشǲı
գֻͬ˼˵Ҫ󣬴ϳȴҪԼߡ
ΪΨԼߣԼ޶ȵرǡ
ڣɴҲģȻһԱһս̨ǵھʣԼˣ䣬һƬģǽŵǧŴԨ
ԣҲֻܽĺ⡣ܲսⳡħԾУȱŵӰ㹻
ģǴҪѡ
֮ңи߲㣬Լǰսȫӡ
ѩѣ̫ϳϡף콣ˡԭ棬컯޼񷣬ƹҶȵȵȵȡ
⣬̵Ȩ棬볤ϡϣ곤ϡԶȵȵȵȣټվڵµġѩӦѩ飬ͫͫȺ󱲵ӡ
һΣսǸ߽װ벽磬㲻ʮˡ
װ벽ͬҲˡ
ټҲˣǱ롰ħ桱һսУУɳǿʵ
Ҳˣʵλڵһĵλһƾ٣ս̨λ룬ֱ桰ħ桱Ӧۡ
ԴˣȻ֪λжΣա
νʵԽǿԽǵʵѾ׳ԽڣȻֻܽսȻվŵ롣
ңΣԽ󣬻ҲԽ
վںηҪԡħ桱Ӧ۵սλʵҪġһսܵԱȫܻħ棬ǾǳȷΪ֮׵λãλн֮ף˭ҲƷˡ
£Σգǻ
ΣΣԹˣѩһˣȻͨһ㡣
࣬ԭһӵڶĳţĮ칤ɽ
칤ɽӣһɫװؿһӰϢǿڵ֮ףǱˣǱ徳ʿޣһḡ
һʱ䲻ױ徳ʿʱǿˣһϢ΢ֳһ˿ļ
ʣʱ䣬˾޴ĽԭڵһĳȻ칤ɽĴֻ֣Ҫ䣬ͻƷǰ϶飬ֻʱѡ
ҲϷսֻ̨ۣ֮վӰ
Ӱ֮ˣһɫѣ䣬ͷѩңɰɴӰһϢﵽװ벽ڡ
칤ɽɽ֮һһɽڷӡѡ
һˣҲİ
ɫ࣬˫ּһԽ𻷣Ǳˣɱ֮칤ɽɽڶλڶɽ𻷡塣
аɽʱ廹ͼɱΪԼĶӱ
ʱ޵٣ȴûпѰĻѾͻƷ붯Ķ֡
ˣֻɨǱһۣ㼴ͷɲϰԼеǶԽ𻷣п϶ζ
ƱǿҲ׷ûκΰ취ַǳʱڣͬ˷֣ǼΪǵһ顣
ˣֻվ࣬ǿһˣվ룬һλߡ
г棬ȼվſգһϢǿᵽ£ֳǿߣҲе𺳣ΣС
ʣϵϢǿֻ˵վλףǱˣĿǰн磬ʵǿļ֮һһ칤ɽڵġ칤Ԫ
Ԫ񣬾𾴣Ԫ񣬸ǵõ칤ɽƷ̹Ŵһսɲ⣬˾η
ճһ칤ɽάµһɵͷ⡣
㼴ˣƾ칤Ԫһˣףѩսƽ֣ʤ
ǷڣԼӵƷ
칤ɽĵλȻ½ֻƽѡ


990 ħ棬ħ
֮ңԭڶڽΪλɽһɣڵս̨Ҳԭڵš
뿪ݹϵȻѶѣϡޡ
ڵս̨֮ϣߴһλ䣬˪ϢƵİŮӣһͬѩ׵ĳ
ŮˣΪԳ޵벽콣
ѽȻȲպԶȥǱƷɱҲ½ϵĶ֮һ
ڱĵ£˵һҲΪ
ʵ콣Ů˵ʵнǰߡ
Ҿݴ˵ѽڵھѧƷϽ׹쾭ɲ̫飬򵽴۷壬ܾ㡣
аɽɽߡǧ︴ȻʵӦý칤ɽ칤Ԫһ֮£нڶ
·ǳڸϣ罣ɽ졣
ɣɲķн߸ʵ¡
УоķɲʵǿÿͶǸ߽װ벽ǿߣǿǶװ벽ڡ
֮еһɣΪڶģǵǰаɽμӹаɽֽġĽ޺ޡ
޺նɱħ޺񽣣ҲһμƷ޽ӽƷʵ֮ǿȻɼһߡ
ʵڳڣǰʮһĩβ֮Ȼڵǿ
Щ֮£ֵҶȳӣǳڵľһͬսⰺȻȫһ£ԵرĿ
칤ɽ࣬ǱµϾһڣµս̨
ս̨ף˶ɮػۣصˣվɫ£һ
УԵ֮֮󣬵ַػۣصλɮͱŲһ߿ȡһŴ䵽֮ǰʵ
⣬ʱΪʥƵȥǻչǱһס޼󡱡
˵ʵȻûܳɹͻƷټϡ޼󡱣ȴٿһλ࿹Щ
Ƿ󷨣޼󡱵ǿ󣬸պҪˡ
ˣֶǰ벽磬͵ĶǸ߽װ벽ǿĵرѾﵽװ벽ڣ󷨣жǿ
ԣµսͬС
ֱɮ֮£ֵԺԼǶΪ׵һӵˡ
Ƕһ°ɮ£ƽ϶ʱɢһʡ
徳ʿ֮ǱҲѾ˸߽װ벽ʵˡ
֮죬ľ
뵽ͻƷȻҲʲôˡ
Ĵ֮⣬ǳ֮ңеĵĶţꡱս̨
ս̨ڣ಻ԶȻڹϵһ򲻴ʹԡħ桱ӦۣҲ֦ͬһپ٣һⲼһ
ս̨ףֽϾվһʣ֪Щʲô
һ£καϣȴʮ׺ͣøС
ֻϵһܴķɫʣϰ߱ʼһӵഫľ˳ޡ
ֽϣھ磬ʵͳŮ൱
ʤڱʤһӵһ벽ĳ콣ϵıȴֻһͨƷʵӦ΢ѷɫڡŮˣ˵λ
֮£ĸϵϣԼԡаΪ׵ӡ
ţУƣⷨλֱǷڵ칤ɽɽ칤Ԫ񣬷ڵĳŮˣھֽϣԼͬΪڵѩѡ
֮£ֵԼ½㶼Ƿڡ
һӶǳڳΣѾﵽںΣ۷壬ڣûжԶѡ
֮£װ벽ʮλ߽װ벽ʮλѨ۷壬װ벽нװ벽Լֻϰλλ
ʣһӴټѸȭĸС壬С㳡ͷӽˡ
߲㣬һãȡħ桱Ӧ۵ĵ˽ţ˷ܣη壬˵ӡ
ʱһһֹȥڣɽ´Ѹ̻漴ʮħһֲӰһīɫ˵Ĵ£·嶥۶
ڷġħ桱Ӧۣˡ
˻δһٻԵĿɲϢͺѹɽ֮Ƿף칤ɽڣˣɺȻɫ
⣬׾ʵ𣿡
ȺУʱһɧ


991 ħ
Щʶغ˳η֮ɫ
ңս̨׵ĸԼףЩ½ķټ϶֪ɽϻǿǳ˲ѹеĿֻţͣ˽Ų
ŻϢĽ٣ħһˣڳ·嶥㳡ϣ˶档
վǰǸһīۣͷɫµӥӣʣǱˣǡħ桱Ӧۣǿߣ׾档
ӡǰ۷ʵڱӡһǧ꣬ΪһֱòԪĲ䣬ȻΪ½ڿٻĿǰѾﵽ׺ڣ۷Ҳֻһ֮ңˡ
󷽣ħĿǰдĸħԼʮ
һۣͷڣ¶ɱᣬȨָоͬ׵Ǭ֮ϻʥ
üĿüɰһɫۣ¶˵֮Ůۡ
һۣͷߣӺŵߺ֮ףħպá
ģһð׹磬ͫɽ֮ݹħԶ졣
һ壬ģͷн̵ɽ֮ɮʥ
һۣǿ׳ýϢϵĿɽ֮۵ơ
ֵǣհ˴ħֻλħ˾죬ѾУ˵ħûµħӦҲλ
У죬𣬷磬ɽˮˣֻһλǱǵֺħҲǴ˵еĵ֮˴ħУǬ֮ĵڶˣʵĪĶǿߡ
ԴˣҲֻɻûж롣
ҲԷҲпܶԷ֮պڶ֮ʲô⣬ûܵ
һǿߣԸŶǺ£ûл
Ҳ̫⣬Ǽλħʮ
˲ǵһοʵİ˲ħʲôӣͬʮҲһ֪⻹ͷһμˣȻ۲ʮϸ
ʮУУֱھŵĽ߾Լʮġ̤Ỷ
ǣʮû˼٣Ȼħò䣬ģħȻвٺģ䡣
ʮУϳˡ
ˣһһ£ڶħȸϢ룬ϰƣɺ׵ġʤѩԭǴµĵһͨʹ
ɱ߾˽߾ȱΪĵھ
һˣȫ壬˶ںĺۺ֮£Ŀ飬аϢԶܸо
䲻Ǳˣǲձɱ̤Ỷ֮ȱĵʮǧ۹ӡ
ԭµĵػʹϾʿԼ֮£ɹ۹ԭʮ̤ỶնɱɹΪʮ֮һĩ
ˣĳֱӻӵϵ
˵֮λкܴĹϵ
һǣ߽ϾʿʱֹǲģǱɱ֮λ
ħУЩ϶Ҳ䣬˲䣬ΪҲ֪ԭ˭ȻҲǷ滻
ЩˣҲں
ʮУ˲Ϣǿ󣬻֮
ҪôںĺУҪôı飬ʵҲͶװ벽Ȼں
˱ҪԵǿ֣ǡħ桱ӦۣԼµǬλħѡ༸λħڡ
ǵĺ󱲡
ڣΪɮ֮һĵʥƵˣֻҪûͻƷҲòıϢ
ҪɱǣҲǼе¡
ǾĲ࣬ĵλ츲صı仯
ֻǣڵʥƵ˶ԣˡ
ħ桱ӦһȺССķҲͬı飬ͬĲмһˣ
Ȼ
վ㳡֮ϣħ桱Ӧ۵һɨ˫Ŀս̨ԼԱߴСС֮Һ쵼ӹɫûκξ̿־壬ֻһЦ
ۼôܺãҲʡñһһѰңһˣ
ĻУ̺ȻţȻûаڡ
ڳôඥţǿߣУҲ߹һѡ
㣿
ʣħ桱ӦĮӵʹ֮ġ
λһλ칤ɽս̨Ϸһ£칤ɽڵľǿߣ칤Ԫԣʱָħ棬ŭȵħͷн硣ǧǰ͵ǰ䣬Ѫ¾ڣ˿գڴ°ɣ
¸¸¸¸¡
ԣħ桱ӦЦѼɤ漴ֱΪЦ
ƾôһڵ֪Сڱǰһֻ磬ˣҪ˵ˣ
˵̤꣬һۻƣȻһɢȻֱѹžѻȸ˶еһɰƺѹǺϢѡ
칤ɽԪɫһٱ䣬գȴֻܳĬ
ֻ£Ȼλһ֣ܵѹȣ˳ܵѹ֪


992 
֨֨
Ȼվս̨·Щľ֧ܾȻʼܲסѹֱɢļ
վս̨׵ĸ̲סɫһ䣬漴ֻܸ˹ǿеֿѹս̨ػסǿס
ܱЩûзǿ߱СţС֮ˣȴ˲䵹˴ù
Ϊ֮ˣֿסǿѹɫǵͨ죬漴ɫ࣬ˡͣ͡ڴڵѪ˲ˡ
еˣֱ͵һᣬʹ˱Ȼڡħ桱Ӧ۵һѹ£ֲ˲˲°ˡ
⡭
һ̣ڣٵӻȻ
ĿһĻʹվս̨֮±ԼţûܵƳˣɫˣҪ˵Щûܱˣ̲סһɫ䣬ĳ˾سȥ
ԭ׳־ԭļǧһѹ£糾
ˣǲڿ壬ԼԷĲࡣ
صĲ࣬뷲˵Ĳֲ࣬˵ġٶٱǧǧ򱶵ˣҲͬˡ
ǵĺˣڸɧһĻ֪ٵȥˡٵȥֱӻɢ˵սʤһսĻᶼС
ԣ칤ԪϣˣԼѩѵˣһۣ໥һ漴⡣
칤Ԫ񵱼һ֣󣡡
¡
˲䣬ɽ͵ǧٵ⣬Щڵص׵Ľι
漴ֹɽɽɽţֱӵ桭
Ľγǳ֮ս桱ʱƸˡ
󣬽ݺᣬ岼׽ħ桱һȺ˽ȥ
һ̣ˡħ桱ӦһˣˣʹѾﵽϻʥպõˣɫһݣ̺ܵľɱ
ȫһˣֻ±ǣҲҪɼûκδĿܡ
ǣħ桱Ӧ˿ֲĽȴֻһЦͫУ볰ֵСǧǰҾǱʲôʲӽѵǻΪǧ󣬱滹𣿡
ƣ
һȣȻ䣬̧УУһ־޴ɫţԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬Ȼ̫ȻϿһס
䣡
ɫ콣ײһ𣬷ըն̮ˣ֮ǹɽص齣磬˲䱬ըʮ֮һ
ȷͬΣҪȻҲܰ۷ħУȻԭ򣬵Ͼס
ټһΣҲ֪ħ桱ӦۿȡǧǰĽѵƽ֮һβģѲǳ󣬶Ǳ˵ǳ
ѡ۶ʮõĽι֮ٱ佣Ҳ֮Ȼôȥ
ղֻǽոתûгγɽԱһʮ֮һ
˿̣ħɫ֮ײʣµĽιڳһγ콣ֱħ桱Ӧ۶
һʱ䣬ѹƣʱ
Ȼ봿һܣ𣬲ള˵ΣǧǰǶǧȻûпܡ
ħ桱Ӧֻһʱû͸ı仯֮һ͸ƾ׺ڵʵƽҲͷһˡ
ǣ˱㹻
ɱ
סħ桱Ӧۣ֪ʱҴʧšħ桱Ӧȫ뽣֮ʣһŭ𣬱㼴ŵӳŽеİ˲ħʮɱ
ʹɱħ棬ܼǿҲһʤ
󣬸ںټϽʹʤʱڣ롰ħ桱Ӧۿ⣬ܣٽˣͱ˿ܡ
ܼЩħԸ󣬽٣˲ûһʤ㡣
õļƻ칤ɽţǿߣ칤ԪǰȥЭӡħ桱Ӧһʱ䣬ɱ˲ħԼʮĻᣬֱֹӱơ
ŮˣЯֽϣ˺սӵƷġպãٶȽնɱɱ칤ɽԪ
ʣλڵġѩѣһλ̫ϳϡףսӵƷϻ۾ͬҪٶȽɱͷǡ
ӵзս֮ҲǷŮۣ½
һʱնɱҲҪסħ֮ˣסʤ
߲սȫס֮ʣ֮ˣƱнʣλħԼʮ
ǿսֻҪԡħ桱Ӧۣʮλװ벽ʮλ벽ֶԸɮʥ۵ƣԼݹħԶλװ벽ͼλ߽װ벽ʵ׾ٵ¡
ֻҪȫ֣һýԿħ桱ӦۣʹʤԱӦú⡣
ԣڣһ£漴ֱȥ
칤ɽš칤Ԫ񣬳ŮˣֽϣѩѵȷսʲãŸԵĶַȥ
˵ȣҲѰ֣սٻɱħʣˣȥԮȸڸ߲㡣
ǣƻõģʵǲпġ
˭Ҳû뵽ıʣȻˡ


993 ұ
칤ɽš칤Ԫ򱻽סħ棬ѩѣ̫ϳϡ׷ӵƷϻ۾ӵзսķŮۡ
սһɳŮˣֽϣͬӭսƷɱġպá
ƻܹɹմսмϣʤ
ϾպħУǬ֮һλ֮һҲսϣħ桱Ӧ⣬ı
һ˶ԷһλڣһɱһһȻλǺʣʤ
ǣ칤ɽš칤ԪԼѩѵȣ׷ԼĶֺֽ
ҪһߣŮˣֽߣȴĪ
ܾ
Ů˲ǷǿߣֻƮƮеĳ콣һϵƾȻΪ֮ѷɫһߵķǿߣ칤Ԫ
ǳǿıط֮һһս
漴á쾭еĽһƪܾʩչ롰պôսһʱȻƽ֡
һĻҲ⡣
һò֪˶ꡭǷڣ۷壬ãȻĿ죬Ҳﵽ۷壬ڻһ֮ң
һ֮ңǵ
ΪԽ棬ԽһСĲ࣬ʱһ󾳽Ĳ໹Ҫ󣬵˷֮ˡ
˵պеɱƷԶеĳ콣ɱȴԭڳڵıպõõֲãȫա
ȴܽӦѹһܡ
˳һ֮ǿ롰պսƽ֣ҲͲʲôֵˡ
ҲǸͬ飬ΪʲôΪսѽҪԭ֮һΪˣûеɱӦ
ʱ㽫ܣҲѵõͬշ
ŮˣǴ˽ˣȻдǡ
ټΪ缸ϣ˺սʤһպãȡеɱǰ϶顣
ǡ
ڴʱ˭ҲûϵͻȻ
һ£󣬱ûǰŮһ֮˺һڳ
漴һһ죬УȻһɫŵ
ǰѹŵԼĳ࣬ͨâһƥݺķᾡ컯
֮Ʒ컯
컯һ֣ϣֲϢɢֳֳһǰ¡
һȻİ˲ħ֮һպãվǰֻ֮ң󱳶ȫ޷ĳŮˡ
¡ŮΪ˵ãԹˣҲûϵһĻ
վһʵˣصĸӦﵽ˳׵ľ磬컯ճоԣ󵶷ϮȻ벻࣬ȴʶ΢һӡ
һ࣬һ
£ۡѪĽֽұۣѣŮƺһŵػعͷ漴Ϳֽϣޱ飬ֳһԼͷ¡
һߣԭĶ֣պãǿ¶Ц⣬ֳɱҲΧ
ǣ
һ˲䣬ԭء
ʹΪ죬ʹһҲûϹֱʣ˲ԭԵƣɱ֡
٣
ԶйעһսڵӣԼԹ۵֮ˣ޲ˣؿͻȻתһĻУǱµɫŵ
ɫŵ޲ɫ԰ףȣЫ¶֮ɫ
ֽϣΪֳڱ컯ⱾӦޱһ顣
Ϊ컯֮˿̳У˲˼飬˾þ㤵һĻ
Ϊ˶֪컯ȴ֮£ħȵڶħҲǵ֮ȡߣΪı
Ҳ˵ƷŶԡ
ΪΣȴֻصУ
ʼûзӦպУʮּȴԤϵɫ˺Ȼһ⡱˲
ԭ֮ǵ֮ѹֽɽİ˲ħȥȥĵħλߣʵ˵ĵڶħȴӰ
ԭǲӰҲûʼգһֱ˵ģһִƴȨ
´󻩣һ޾ֵı飬ϡ
˭Ҳ񲻵ð˴֮һ֮׵ȻˣħλĪĵڶħ컯ҲС
˲䣬ԭӦлĴսһͿء
һλսѱ䣬ʵҽǿ֮һĳҲ͵Ϯ˲ش롰պõİΧȦڵϦ
һߣֻʣ칤ɽţżףԼ𷨵
ֻһħȣȥϻ۾պãԼаɽƷаȣͬӵսķŮۣټһֳƷͬҲ𷨵
𷨵ȫӵбвƷƷʵ󳬹ߵ𷨵Ͼڣ칤ɽɽ칤ԪԼѩѣԼףûбġ
һߣʤȫޣҪ˵ս֮ڣһʵӾˣ綼Ҫġħ桱Ӧˡ


994 ̫
˿̣һʵõ
Ϊʲôʹصף֮£֮߶컯ʱף˼򵥣ƺԷˮһȻȻûʲô谭
ɮʥ۵ƵˣշһƷ֮ѣܱ˫˫ȥ
˵Ϊ֮ǲҲûô󣬱Ͼ컯ƷҪշĲƷѶҲвࡣ
ʵǬ֮ʱ˺ͣǰѾһĶ飬շһġ顱֮ѣòײųɹ
ڱ顱ҲȲĶ컯ƷһշѶȲ಻Եơ
Ϊ֮ǵ֮һͺܺý͡
ΪǶ컯ˣ֮ӡշȻûѣ컯շ
ˣƷױշ
ңǬʥƵˣһĻʱ;òԣͨһ㣬ᵶĵ֮ʱɫ䣬Ļ̿֡
ΪʱѾͨǰλĪ⣬ͷǿĵ֮˭ֻ˭Ҳûеڵ
һ£ͬ¡
Żص޵綯Ҹոտʼʱ򣬳ֹ¼
һջɽʱ¥ղصЩӡƿȫʧԣɣ֪Ǳ˴ħȡߡ
ɽ֮ûãŮ˲֪ΪΣо綾Σ
ǼʵϻʥۣҲǬ֮ɽһսʩչ˼֮òչءڳеǱطӣźж߳ڵƷɱ֮
Ǹйء
һҹĲرصء¥һӰӸϵУȴδʧȥֻǶʧ֮컯Ŀص֮
ʱΪҲħģʵ¥ģʵԼ
ȻôٵĴػܵķ¥Ӷȥȫ޷֣ܴص꣬ңȥ
˾ԼװȻ󻻸ݹ֣˭ỳɵ
˾޷˵ʲôˣĶ컯ҲͿ˳Ķʧ˵Ļɡ
£һ칤ɽһѱ䣬ķӡƿʧԣͬħڵӦ֣һУΪ˽ħ档
ڣһĿɣ޵ΣʱҲͲҪˡ
սУֱӶ֣޷ĳˣ¶Լ֮Ϣֱսּתֱ£˵еĶ־սִԭĴþ棬һӱΣڵϦ
ô죿
һ̣˵ĵ뷨սȥ
֮һѱˣħȣǻôսȥ
ԶҽУعͷһ۵칤ɽš칤Ԫѩѣףȣ޲ɫ䡣
Ϊ䣬սľģĽյʵսʲôʶˣȻһĻԲǵ֮С
ɶ񣬸
һ̣жѱ䣬ȻǺ޵ģҲ֪ȥ
ڴ˵أ˵սʤħ棬ǣ˵ĵӣҪȫڴˡ
һνΪ֮ᣬϾδϣȴǾԲĵġ
ǣȻٶ಻Ըвʣ칤ɽš칤ԪȻҧսڶŵһŭ𣺡ˣ
սֽе˾棬ѾûκٴȥıҪˡ羡ӳһȥûϣ
һϣûˡ
ߣ
ŮˣҲ֪ڴ˵أ֮⣬޵ڶ·
ͬ뿴гڵӣȫ˴ͬһߺȣԸڳϣԼŵȳˡ
ʹʧȥһۣʹԡѪһ̣ѽ֮⡣
ϣܺãڵȷûϵһƥǣȻˣ㲻һֱҳһȸߵ𣬽죬ھʶʶҳ߾ѧ̫ƪ
ھѧƷϽ׹쾭ɣ
ɲ־ͨģ̫飬ƪ򺬻Ȼ̫ϸһܾ
УҲģɲƪеƪ̫顣
ֻȾѪİ֮ϣĵ漴ԽԽԽԽ󣬾ȻһޱȻֺ룬ƺһ׹⡣
ΨһһֻдõһУʱֻնĶϱ֮£ڵ彣콣ʱͬܵ٣ȻԶӶϱѷɳ֮ϡ
һ֣ŮϵϢٱ䣬һޱƺɱĿֲƣ֮ɡ
һ˫ӣرɱ֮ɫʧȥ¶ȣظŶպΪһ֮ͫвСȻһ㱰΢С
漴ֽһ£һ̣ضڲ
̫飬ǰԵնһ
Ҫ
Զһڳڳϣɫ䣬¶֮ɫ
Ľ޺޵۾˲ˣȻ׺ףֻһ͵ս룬޺һӣȻͬʱĴȥȻҲǶĴ򷨡
೤ϣҲ볡УȻǡҶΪ׵ӣǣ⼸λϵѹ£ӲͣסΡ
ȼԼ꣬ȼչȥеļ䣬ȼδһеĿܣֻΪ˵أǣҪĿ𣿡
⼸˵˻гڵӲ۾˲ˣ漴ҶӲͣΣһ࣬쳣ͳӻԶסġ
˵꣬һ֣һгڵӣͻơɲǧ
ɲǧ
гڵӣͷһ֮У۹Ůһĳ漴תͷڡҶĴ£ٳɽ³ȥ


995 еɮ
ߣ
ɱɱɱȥ
гڵѾˣڣҲ̲סĿ־壬ʼһѷسɽ¿񱼶ȥʱΪ˻һλãȻԼ˶֡
Ҵң
·
ˣˡ
ȻĸڵӣһǰҲһˡ
㳡УŸڵͬˮһ㳯ɽȥǣȴҳ֡
һֳ̣Ʒ컯ʹΪȳʹԷѾ͵ϮȥһۣսǸܵ˶ɱ
һ̣ɸе㤣Ī
ǳڵ̫ƪննննδǹŽµһ
૵صһ˫ӣҲȼһֲеս
һ̣֮⣬նһĳܵΣȴҲܵ˷ܡ
ն컯ͬԶĳ֮䣬һսһ

һ̣ѾҲľȴ
ȴҲ̰˼䷱

ĵӳɽ³ȥٱڹӡǿɣеԼıһʱֻ֪ܸŵӳɽ³ȥ
û赲˲ԡ
ϻʥպãŮۣɮʥ۵ƣݹħʮȣȫɱӶĸڵӡ
ħȸ߲һ֣սεȾˣ˲͵³Ƭĸڵӣ̶Ƭ̼䣬ǧ
ɽ£ĺ˳֣ȫħȵĳԱ
̲ʹӰ֣ȫ֣Ҳǧɽĵ·Χסµˮйͨ뽫ڴһټıѾá

һĻڸ߲ۿԼµⱻ¾޶ԡ칤ɽš칤Ԫһ۽бħ棬һ£֪Żʱ̱ʱҪ
ٹ˲ȥħʱ䣬Ϊ֪ҲûãڶѴܣֱɱֳƷɱġպá
ԷڵӵΣģһ־һƬڵӵ£еɱǿҰ׹⣬һʮϰڵ
һУгһѻڣа˸ǵĹŴ칤ɽڱƷ̹Ŵ
ֳִ˴սǣ롰պսһǿսƽ֡
ϾΪø߳磬ȴһ֣һʱ˭Ҳκβ˭ñǣƣڵӵΣͣҲϾȥɱڵӡ
ţѩѼ״ҲڱŪ׺٣һߵϻ۾ȥսһš
ϻ۾ӵƷ飬šѩӵƷŪ׺١£һµãһȴԼڵĴбƿس̶Ȼһ
ټšѩѵΪԶǿϻ۾һʱߵսѩѴռϷ磬ħȵĵһħϻ۾ѹŴȻֹڵӳ֡
׼״һۣ˵˵ͷ˲Ĭء
漴һݣһֳаȵķŮ۸ȥ˴սһ
ʤΪϸߣʵʵڵķŮֻĳЩֶΣǿӵзսȴϾʵķ
ӵаɽڱаȣȴáѹƣɼƷĿ£һʱ֮䣬Ҳκײá
ΪΨһһճķ롰׶ӵһۣȴף񣬾Ǳϸڵܾӳɽȥ˵һ˿֡
ˣĿɨħʣļ֣ɮʥ۵ƣпݹħʤѩˣ˼ǲȰǽиȥɽµķߣڵӴһ·
ڴʱ
Զս̨֮ϣλһµɮºȻͬһʱԾڶһԶɱڵӵͽʥƣԼ°ҳ飬һδסʵػۼġݹħԶȥ
ȻĴס֣ɮԼ˶ɮرص¡
Ǻǣλߣţƶɮˣ˵ȥأ
һĵɮһߺȣµӣɱУħҲ޷ʹȫսҲһԺ
һĵرɮ˫ֺʮͬʱӷɾ֤ᡣµӣҵȽѪսΪ˸ڱһ˿Ѫδɱ֮գǼΪӢ֮ʱ
ɱ
ɱ
µӣֻܴվս̨֮ϣΪ˿ˣǣȴˣ֪ˡ
ţˣû
رصλɮһӳɱʥƣݹħʱȴҵĹǣеĿ֪֮Ѿ־һۿͨ죬׷׸ŵɱ˳ȥ
νҲлüԴȱŭȼ£
գͷųеѡ
µǣ
Զ׷׳ɽ³˵ڣһĻ޲Ȼһв˵ͣ½Ųһ𺳺ؿµӵķЩ˾ͷɱ˻
ǣڴʱһ°ɮۣ֮貵ɮˣȴǰ
ֻüĿͬ߰ɣڴ˵أΪػţڴ˵أȴƽ޼ֵǽ뿪ϣպħ棬ʱʹ³ΪһƬҲο
˵ϸһȦһȦĵ׷⣬ԽԽʢ½ԸΪλͬһκ߰ɣ֮ղźʹħͷɱ
˵䣬ͬһתͷͷɱ˻ȥ
״ڵӴסֻܺῴһɽҰھ¶ӣΨһڵӣӿ֣ħЩħΧȥӰ˻ɶ֪꣬УȴԴԴ
˿̣Щտʮֳª죬ͷɮµıӰִ
һǺͣһĻĿãһԶɫĻƬд˿дŵУԶҲ޷Ĩȥ
漴ǲŲĨһеᣬתͷɽ³ȥ
ղǶ˵ڴ˵أͽɽȥһ˿δѾþңǲԸȥŹ
е˻ţΪһ֮е˻ţΪеĳЩһϧ


996 ޼
ͷʥƣݹħĵɮڰףŭȣʥƣգƶɮ˱Ϊ³ͽΪǴ
漴תһѪġݹħԶ죬ͬŭȣݹħգƶɮȽձһ֤֮𣬺ػʦּ֮ޣ
ҲҪɽ
˵𽲴ȱ𲻶ŭҲҪǶ˭
Եʥյͬʦֵܣȴ˵ĳС
Ӻػɮ°ҳĿݹħȻܷͬŹ
ԣһ㾡ȫ֮ϧһдۣҲҪɱˣ˵ʬУοԩеꡣ
Ȼرصɮ˽Ҫľ
һεʥƣݹħȴ£ʹԭסּ֮ҳ鱻ߣħֵǧħ²㸲£Ƕеĺޣǿ̹ĵġ
ʥߺ󣬵رصµɮ׼йΪҿ̿ϰһ޼󡱣Ϊ˵ȴ졣
񣬼ȻѾ¹׼ĳУȻܷŹ
ԣ˴˿ͷǳͽնɱУȫԸ
Զʥƣݹħˣնɱӵնɱʹ죬Ȼһȣ˲ͷճԼ֮طɫ䡣
Ȼ֪ɮĿУԼ˵ĳ޶ԶԶ༸˵ġ
⼸ʵǿвߣǵģȻǲϧһдҲҪԼˡ
ϧ£ҲߣϾħ滹УϻʥŮۣպã֮ڲࡣ
Щ˶ûߣԼˣħȻǵĵλô
ɱԵʱԱˣʹʱܱסȥҲҪħʰ³ҡ
ԣһ֮࣬Ȼп࣬ҲֻӲͷƤ׼ӭս
һ£ͷн̵ĵʥɮЦƾˣͲҶֵ֣һᣬɣñʦʲôö
۵ҲعͬЦ֪ߵغ񣬼ȻǾ°ɣΪ͵㹦ѫ
ݹħԶû˵ֻת׷ɱͨӣһѪڵʥ֮࣬੡һЦ
󣡡
ٽŵһȣȻͬʱһ÷⣬÷һԲΣȻһ͵һ֣ͽϵĵʥƣԼڲĿݹħȫС
ɱ
ʱ˿̣һﶼǶ࣬˼ۺ죬ֻƴһսѡ
ȭƣ
һ£ĵرɮֺһȭһƣȭƺƵ֮Բ⣬ڷ壬ԷͬѰ
ڴļӳ£ȭ֮䣬кƺƷ𾪡
תֶɴȺ
µĵصɮ˫ֺʮ϶ȻðһɫĻ棬潫ƺģȼգȼգϾȻֳһɫʣ漴ſ˫ģȻǰһġ
һɺƽʱе˻һֻصķ
֮УʵߣΪɮ
ԽﻯĹŷѻ٣ǣһ̣ȴȡһȫǿıһɣȸС
ɫСһ֣˲䱻븹У漴䵤֮ɢһȻ⣬ɮϵϢϱǣʱڣȻﵽڲΡ
һνﻯʹõģǱһνĽӸǿıбȸ
ȸ꣬һıֻΪһս٣󽵣Բû˱ܣȴСı
ԣʹûȸﻯɮ˿̣ʣʵǣʢǣһλ޼ļӳ֣ʵһʱǱ
޼󣡡
ʥƿɢķ⣬һԲȦУǱ㲻ɫһ䡣
ΪԵļλ֮һȻ֪޼Ŀ£֮һҪͬģ˴βʹֻ֮ڴ˵Ƕûϰ
û뵽յΪ˶ԸǣȻóԺڵ󷨣ԼĶԸǣǷ̰
ϵı仯һپ
رɮĶȭƻ˫ͬˣǰǲģΣǱ޿Ľһзơ
صɮʩչǻ࣬ȴ˴𾪣̶ɫһ󷢿ࡣ
²ؾڣһؾ飬תֻа벿ûû뵽ص±ȥΪزؾʮ꣬Ȼžѧɡ
ǳ״ɣܣȻﵽԡһЧصµʵȫָһ֮ĵϣ˼ɵľ
ת˭뵽ǰ뱾˭Ϊûõľ䣬ȻΪָܻΪҪء
ڵƣóǰѻɫСȸһ븹Уǲ۾ɳ
ǲıôֻΪһʱ˻ɣھȻ䵽˶ԷУﻯӶԸԼ뵽ˣ۵һѪ³ɫ԰ף˱ﱻٵķŭΡ
ȻΣǰûʱϸͺڣֻӭսת۾սһԽԽ죬ԽԽǻȣԽԽľ
Ƭ̣˱ȫ·磬ȻҲǵ˵Ķ֡
ԶɮڳΧȻͬɱ˶죬Ըˣ˰пࡣ


997 ײٿ
ɮʥ۵ƣݹħˣɮص£رԡ޼סԴԴϵµЭԼл
˱˵ң߶ѣǳ¡
״ͣԼǰԮĽŲĿս
պ칤ɽŲס
ϻʥѩѹ·硣
׶ԷŮۡ
Ů˶
ħ桱ӦۣɻУһʱѣӣҲûжˡ
ħУĿǰֻʮɱڵӣ漴ҲиŸ߲㳯ȥǲסɱ
ЩУ֣Ʃ콣ˡԭ棬컯޼񷣬ƹҶ̵ϡٽɱȨȡ
칤ɽĵһڷӡѡ
ɲеĵһ죬ڶ죬졭
ԼڵļλֱɮԼУλ鲻Ķⳤϡ
Щ˼ٶʮλʤѩˣȻʵϾӣһһսʤ˶ַӿʱе

Ȼ׺콣ˡ
ֻǳ֮ϣһƬƬǳƺͬʱս֮еĽȻͬʱϻ۶ֳֳһӣ赸
齣
ӶǧԪγһɫֻ֣һ𣬱㼴һ£ߵħʮɱֱѪĭ
Ϊѩ֮⣬ĸ֣콣ԭʵȻǿÿ£齣ѾһĵƷˡ
컯޼״ٺ١һЦôҲϹǰ
棬ǧһ
ֻµĻâͷϵֻɫ¯Ӱƺ˳ĽС
һ̳⣬˴ϡ
һʮܲۡһͷнʱһڴѪһˡ
ǡ컯޼˿ѣнһбת£һ¾ͽͬ£ͷߵħ롣
ѪĽ
գۣʣʮһʱЩˡ
ǸħȻŲкݣԼҲ
νһ㲻Ҳ͵ΪֹԶǰ;ư˴ħеϻʥݹħȣϧȻԸ
ˣħ
취ߴߴ򣬳šպãŮ۵ڵսȥһ֮ԮԼˡ
ǣ߲᲻֪ǵ˼ֱһλǰ
ߣҰɡ
䣬ɫѣһֻŷǰȻ칤ɽɽ֮һһɽڷӡѡ
ã
볷˵״ɫ䣬Ȼ֪λڷӵĿ£һתֳһȥ
ԷǿĲֹΪ񣬲ĸرϾ칤ɽ£Ϊ칤ɽ֮µһˣڷϵжǿ
ʱ򣬼ܱһ˵ʵ
ߣڷӵȴôãԸ
ֻɴµ¶һĨ䣬һĨжʱһöɫһָ̣ͷģ·һֻεתĺȻһ˦
ণ
̶ļһ̣ɫһ磬˲׷Ϻ֮һӶ
£ʾһаȻݡ
䲻ǱˣȻаɽʧ֪ٵġƷ桱а䣬ԭаɽϯӣпܼ̳֮λѡ
û뵽̳аɽɣպþߺɴħȣ̶ʱ䣬ȻҲΪʮ֮һڷӽնסߡ
㣬࣬ȻˣҸܷ뿪ˣ
ڷݱ䣬а¶ĿȻһ֣Ƿɳȥĺɫɻأһ˦ٶȸֵؼƷ桱аıġ
ȻһŭҪһɱ
ֵҲİǵǾĸ󣬾ĵѹƷ֮һμƷ
Ϊ칤ɽɽ֮һȻûǿֻһа䣬ֵ˵ƣֱԵĵԵС
ƾ㡭
Ʒ桱а״֪ѳ룬ɴ಻ˣתڷӣһ֣ȡһͨ䣬ڵĳǹԡ
ȻԷ޵ƶŵĸ֮һѾãʵǿ󣬵ͬΪ콾˭
һսһ

һߣɲһ죬װ벽ڵġüˡЦȨҲһ˵αװ¶ԷĿ
ɫ£ȻһЦȻ㣬ǧĵӡ
䲻ǱˣȻҲ˵һλˣаɽ֮һԭƶŮᡣ
аɽ䣬պô֮󣬾Ͳ֪䣬ԭͬħȣΪħȵʮ֮һ
̶ʱ䣬λ⻹ֻǱϵġ
ħڲȨ䶯ǲңѪ
ܡŮ᳤νĶˣüˡЦȨҲֵΣ̣֮κˣûֵĿܡ
ɱ
üһһǡħȭֱӻġŮᣬħȭǳڵ伮쾭еɲƪһֵؼƷȭ
ŮᣬȻΪͬԳµĶ߳裬ʽߡѾڣս󽵣ü˵Ķ֣һˣʮǱ
ʤѩˣҲԼĶ֣һܳ
һ֪ʱûԼʲˣħ桱ӦʱɽĸڵȴħȵΧס˵·
״ٲԥһХ羪ӣһգ۾ӳԶһգۣѳɽ¡
ৡħϷֲջļƷ϶һ˲䣬ֲĽͬŭϯеǰħȵӶסһ
ǿ֣ڷǰһ֮С
ΧȦ˲䱻һȱڣȻ滹иħȳԱ߾£סԸ
϶ӣһƿ裬˲򿪸ȱڣбɽ²ô綯˵ӣ״޲ɴϲǰҿߣ
ȱһ򿪣Χ㼴ܣӿ˵ӴзסֻһЦ
ʯͷɵ̰ӣɵˮһˮ̣Ǳӿ֮ƣǧƲɵ
ٶʯͷҲ˲ٶѡ
һݣûеס˵ӵȥ·һһʯ֮ϣŸڵӴȱڱ˷ɢȻһԣͷһ˿ĸп
֮ǰܣû˲Ұܡ
ſ񱼶ӵĸڵӣ˺ƺüͷοΪδϣ֮ڣҲбΪЩղһ콾գȴ·Ǳ׷ϵȺǱXͻǱͲ
Щ˱;У˹ñѣɢ޷ԭ֮ˣǧһȥ
պгһգǻգΪԼǱӣΪԼĲһΪԼ̰֪Ƿһ˿ͺڣ
Σδϣ


998 ۵
һֱվɽʯ֮ϣħȵĳԱˣֱȷһ˳ԱѾ˴뿪Żɽϡ
Ȼ̶Ƭ̼䣬嶥ȴǷͻ䡣
ǣ
ǶСд޵书Ըƣֳط⣬ӡһֱֱӡ˶һۣħλ½ʮǧ۹ӡĿ֮ϡ
˲䣬ķ͸ڣˡǧ۹ӡڵһ
ȻΣ֮ʣǧ۹ӡ˫֮ͫУ֮һţҲ߶˼޾ǧͫöǶСһԡ
漴һгһֻɫ޻ӡֱֱزǶĿڡ
ħžƣ
˼ǡ顱һͬʱ£ѪȾ˵棬ǧ۹ӡ۾ԲǲʺͷŭϢཥ˥
Ƕɣ徳ʿϣ֮һȻҲʧȥ˺Ϣ
ֿ̡նɡڤ֮һϯӣ֮뿪ʱͲʮǹ貣緢ʱ
Ȼ֮ʱǿ֮ϣȴһ˿˺ͺڣһƬ꣬ףŵĽ֮ɫ
ƾƲԼĿڣȴܲˣֻ̧ջأǰʮ¶һ˿΢Цͷһᣬ֮Ϣȫޡ
ǹɢƮ֮Уȥ
Ƕʦ֡
µӣһĻ˲˫ͨ죬Χǧ۹ӡʬ壬һµӼƴĿȫǣȫʬȻȴû˹˵һĻ
Ϊҵսߡ
Ůˣ˳ɲ֮ףüˡЦȨ¡
Ʒ桱аߴˣ˵ˡպõͬߣڷӱһˣٿƷ桱аӵһ
ħʮ˲أ콣ԭ棬浤컯޼ڣǧ۹ӡϯӡǶͬھŮսټ߲µ
ʮȥֻʣλҲڿ֧š
ˡƷ桱а͡ʤѩֲܱ֮⣬ˣԵײԶ
ǣ˵ȡشʤߣͬʧء
Ϊ˻ɱλϯӡǶ䣬ɽɣ֮ĩҽԶ䡣
Τ䡣
칤ɽһλⳤϣ䡭
ӣʤ
⣬ֻǿʼ
Ϊսһֱߣڰ˲ħǱߡ
Ůûейȫʢ״̬ϾԷͬӵеƷӵƷ컯
ϴ߶ֽڵϣһŮˣǣҲС˳ŵƷϽ׹Ŀֲ
̫飬鶼ˣһʽУǵУ
·Ӵ䣬ǳӣһˣһ͵ࡣ
һ۶䣬еĳ˳ѪĭԼĺ󳾡
Ů˷·ûиĿܣһ㶼ںֻһ˫˫ۣһһ£ɫĽһһǱֻܶӣײǶ֡
һߣ칤ɽš칤Ԫ롰պôѷѽ⣬һʱѷʤû֮ǡ
ϻ۾еĶ飬Ѿѩſе٣΢Σһ·𶴴ŵĤ鶯ҡ־ϳֵѪȫ
׶ԷŮۣҲǲ·磬ǿƽ֣ϾԷֳа챦аȡײòСģһ˿⣬ֲֻܱܵľ档
濴ƺ䣬ռϷ磬˲ħֻǳ¡
ǣϵĿҴһɨȴǺȻ֣ԶǳѾദ
Ϊû֣˼עħ桱ӦУһһ̧㣬дǹһƷ롣
ԥţȥӡħ桱ӦۣǰսʤŮۣ
һüĿٻɫ·ӣȻߵ޼Χħλħʥƣݹħĵر󣬶Ȼһ֧ᵶһرɮĿڡ
µӣΪᣬӷΣǳеӦսĸ֮һ˭Ҳûаһ¡
һ̳ȴ˲ıսս֡
ۣ
ѪرɮȫעԸڵĵʥħ뵽д˱䣿
վΪˣҷտѾһƷʥɮеĸӦ֮Σյһ˲ǿĶһۡ
ԷĿڵһ΢һ£վıѾõһصشؿڡ
ӸҶ
һĻĿѣٹ˲һݣӶȥһƽµӴ÷˳ȥ
ĺŭһƺ£µڰգѾ飬ϢѸ
ϣȴ¶Цݣ֣Ŵӻͳһöܣ֮ϣһ֣ر׭дġʮġ֡
λ꣬ȻҲһλһλʮû֪ĵʮλ
ݣİ£ʹһ֧ȸëƳɵᵶ˰ٻӣǸһֱһ֣ظоġȸᵶԪ˼бˡ
ԭȻħӣѹٶڳˣŴγ⣬ȴ漣ʵǷ·Ծʽģһת۳ڵӣһתֳɶӣܴμ徳ʿޡ
ԭһжǾ֣һΪõλһȴҪʵݣʹͻעͲɡ
ԭڣʥܾ֡ȣͬħαװֻףȴصýһֱûб֡
γֵ¼ֻ¶ıӰ
һ̣ڲûȥˣˣ֮䡣
ؽʱ̣ڷãһ˲ƽ֣رˣ޼󲻹ơ
ĵʥƣݹħˣ͵ȴᣬ״ʩչؼһ˲Ҫɱصλɮ
սת


999 
һߵս֣Եص£رˣ޼ѹƵʥƣݹħλħʤѾ
ڣΪرԪ˼͵ϮĹؽһȱʧ޼ֱ߽⡣
ĵʥƣݹħˣپѹ֮ȫʧԼĶָȥһλȶȻʤȯա
ʹԪ˼նɱҲı䲻ʲôˡ
Ԫ˼Ķ֣·һźţսеĸڵУ˲ʮ˱еУͬ飬ʦĺġ

Ѫһһص÷
ҽ˷ڹ㳡е߲㣬һʱȫˡ
ʲô
ȻǺܿ췴ӦЩ˱ض͡ȸᵶԪ˼һȫħȰڸڲļϸȵʱʺϣȫ˳һ˲ʮλ߲㣬в벽ľǿߡ
̶Ƭ̼䣬λϣλ칤ɽϣλ곤ϣλڳϣλ·ֱɮԼʮλֵʧȥ
ЩҴĸڸ߲㣬һĻһĿ࣬Щĺǻܻǵӵ֣ܵҲѹԼڵŭ񱬷һЩɱɱȥ
Ͼʵ޴󣬳͵ϮʱҲ˺վΪ˵㣬Щħڸڲ̽ӣһ¶ˡ
˲䣬ѪЩ˸ոתɱڶλǿߣͱڸ߲Գɱ
תۣʮʬ塣
Щʬ壬ȴЩʻв٣Ǹڵʶ֮ˣȻǱɱȴûһ˳ۿͬʱͨ졣
ΪˣЩǴɱͬʦв٣ܾǵѣֵܽá
ɱ
ܴ˴̼ǸعǳҴļλħԼħ֪ԼǶ֣ҲҪڶԷһйԩߡ
رߣرֱ̣ʥƣݹħͬʱȱڴҪΧŵõĵصλɮ
һĻֿѪ֮еĵرصɮһۣ˶ԷеıʹԼȻ
գҲǵȥ
˺Ȼͬʱͷ͵ϥȻ¶ׯ֮ɫ˫ƺʮͬʱءȡ䡭ˡ
һһ٣ÿһƺǧ
ã
ҪȦӵĵʥƣݹħһĻȻͬʱɫ䣬뵽ʲôæҪֿ
ǣǳˡ
ֻصɮϣ޾ȱ֮ɫϣͬʱ⣬Խһɫʥ⣬ޱȵĲң£Ȼͬʱȼ˳Ĺֻ
ֻγɻ棬˰
ҵȼԽ񣡡
ҵȼҲȼ񣡡
¡¡У治׳󳹵׽ûУƻȻȻһֱӱը
¡¡
ҵ𶯣춯ء
ڵʥƣݹħ֣ʣڵĿУλɮͬʱԱԱĳನһ˲佫ûʬ޴棬ֻҽлص

Ҫ
ϧֹͣȻͣ·ס˲ӣûаʣµ
һߣҪֵһĻȴɻȻɫ䣬뵽˵Ϊݹħ߶飬ٿʱ´סֵػɮ˼ܵݱҲһĻӡԼһĻ
ͬ׳ңͬͬȱ
֪ԱĿƳص»ԲѵһλɮرȻһƣһ½ϵĵر뻳УȻˡ
һˣɿ⡣
ˣɡ
޴Ģ𣬰βɢã¶Ѿսʬ壬ǰΣǺǻһʲôҲʣ
ȥ
ˣߴɮߵΨһһλرһϢд棬Ҳʱûλص£ʥƣػۣҶȫ䡣
¸߲㣬û
ټϯӡǶɶ䣬һɳһЩͨӣڹ㳡ϣҲ䣬ȫûûжԶˡ
ۿؿһ۵صµԱĵطҪеĵرǰȥ֧Ԯսʱ۾ٱ䡭
֪ʱѵΪԱһЩصصĽιڣԶǳڿٷ룬һī̳۵ħ̲סЦ
Щ㣬ȫɣ
䣡
һƻӳīɫƾѲһĽ֮ϣڣ󳹵ױɢҲֲ֧סһλ׾ĺ
ǹ⽣꣬˷йĲʣȴҲ޿κΡ
ɽ֮ϵǳ󣬳
ߣ
״֪ûκξԮһ˵ˣ˵ԮԼܲ˵
Ϊħһսû壬ΪûĶ֡
һٲԥҲܲս̨ϵˣЮΨһһλҴĵرɮһݣɽ¼Ӷȥ
⼸ħȼλħսļˣͬħʽһĻʱһɫ䣬Ҳ˲еĶ֣ͬηݣ˷ˡ
Ǻǣߵô
󷨲߳ħӦۣһīۣħϳͷŭ
Ȼǧǰǧ꣬ǧеȻѹڵŭжʢ
Ȼսƣǣħȸֵʬ壬ɫȴޱ
ȫɣ𣡡
һ֣һ̵ľ޴֣űеĸڷӶȥ
ã
߲ȻһƵĿֲҪֿڴʱһȥһۣԡѪİˣȻһڡħ桱Ӧۺ߲м䣬̹
һɾе
ǰ˴ʱή٣ȻһսҲܴᡣʱѴĮĹ˳΢ظһ˿ǣ֣ܵһݣλˣ
䣬̧нתͷֱǲϮ̹۾һĨᶨ
ɽһ
ϣ쾭ɲƪͬʱתֲͬĽϸ֣֧Ųͬʱתƪͬʱʹֽ
˿̣ˡ
ɲƪƪȫΪһ壬һһ̹Ȼײһ
һɲǼžˣȻһ㣬ȻعޣһƬããʲôҲ
ڸ߲ۣȻ漴ӿһ޾˸УʲôҲ˵Я֮ʮ⣬˷ȥգʧ
ħȸ߲һЩ֪޷ĸڵӣԼƽ̨ϵɮڣһȫǻȥÿһǲҪĴ򷨣ȴ죬ֻߡ
ؾ֮ʱָ̣ƽԺѾɰƬ߲棬ʣƽ̨ϵĵӣһʣȫ䡣
ǴħȳԱҲ֮ɣֻһСݣħ桱Ӧ۳һɫְ
ۿһըһƬ£ֿѾ׳鳾ǶʣĳȻһ̾ϢҲһˣϧˡ
Ҳ֪ڿϧЩʲô
䣬ȥɫ֣Ŀ֮ڸ߲ߵķȴѵõĶڴˣûȥ׷


1000 
ʱ֮λһǧصһĹȣһ޴ĵ֮ܶС
δ𣬵δ𡭡
ܶϿգϵһεɫҺ壬䵽һСС͸յ֮С
һյߵһԻԲѵĻɮǰյеҺȫ֮Уһ̾תֻصһұڴ
ûǴ
ˣȻǴ´ҴҳǻɮµΨһɮˣرɮ
䵽ڣǻԲѡ
Ҳ⣬ı̣⼸֮Σͷ΢˾ֵһ£ʹԪ˼ĵƫ֣
ˣҲʣһûжʱûˡ
ÿһʱ䣬ιһʯ飬άϢһԣĬȻһսħӰ죬ԼᵼµĽ
뿪ħ桱Ӧ󣬾ʹһս׽һͿء
˴˴Σ巽ԼСССңɽǲħȣ˲أ˵սĿѾǳʧܡ
ǣһսʧأԪˣպ֯ķ
һս˵½ڵĶ־ûˡ
Ҳףһλѱ䣬һλ䣬༸ˣҲˣ߲ӣ
ҪǣΪ̵߷ǳ󣬶ħ桱ӦˣԽ֮ڣʲôܶԿħ棬ֿԣ
ûˡ
㣬ᣬƣһڵսֻоս⡣
Ҳ룬ԡħ桱Ӧ۵ıȺ͹
˰죬Уֻʣ
ֻһʵ࣬Ҳ׼һ㣬һ㣬лսʤսһ֮䣬ûʲô
ڸ֮ǰΪǳʹħ棬Ҳܽסѹơ֤һδΧ֮󣬼ʹ죬˵ǳ󣬶ԡħ桱ӦۣҲʲôˡ
Ҫǣħ£¡
Щ£ڣҲһ޴в֮ǰ·嶥һսٸ߲㣬Ǳǰɱֵġ
ȻͽЩӣɵƻѾ޷
ϵڵϵĵرһ
Ƕˣжأ

һսĽ·쫷һ㣬޵硣
޵磬һƬš
һսˣɵĺӰ죬޷ϵġ
ڣ¥ţаɽ֮󣬵ĸų˵ǰȻϾһڣ£Ҳλд½ǰĳš
¸ɮر̣֪صԱħħͬʱ䣬Ƕħʮǧ۹ӡͬھ
ЩҴµӣҲġħ桱Ӧۺɱһɶ»ҵըٳһƬ׵ء
Ͼһڣ״޵ʧħ桱Ĩȥ
¸𣬻صϢصǣ֮һֽϴͷͶУ¶֮ݣŮ
ȻӳһݳϺ͵ӣҪսɲУҲжѣҴߣʮһ
ڣǳױУûз֮
½ʳ˴ţʳеʳѾϻ裬Ͷħ棻˴Уڣа
ʣڣͶУڰУʣ΢һЩţֻһ칤ɽԼ
ڣҲд˺͵ȥ칤ɽľŴ֮ԼΤԵȡ
ЩֻǸ߲㣬µĵӣʧɰǧڶԣҲʧء
칤ɽš칤ԪѩѵȣǲֻߵģҲЩˣҪһʱ
գˣƣڽͬģССҰһͿأ칤ڣټһеĳڣ˶ڣʵǿġħ桱Ӧ۵Ķ֣
Уеһģ޵δľ棬ʵڲֹۡ
ȻܣܵشħȣҲһûС
ħ桱Ӧ۲˵ûĶ֡
ħ֮У̵ħ˾ֺ֮󣬵һħǬ֮ϻ۾ˣڶħ֮ҲݴףΪֽϣˣ۱նϣɰϡ
ħպãбõһħŮˡ
ߣڰλħɮʥ۵ƣݹħȫ䣬µֱλɮԱ֮֡
˴ħģһǰϣĿǰʣĶսҲֻλˡ
ŷɥĪİ˴ħֽҲֻʣһ벻֮һˡ
ܴصģħһһ
ʮټϺ¶ĵʮһʮˣˣˡ
Ůᣬ䣻
ʮǧ۹ӡ䣻
ʮȸᵶԪ˼䡭
⣬еһڶʮ
˾ʤѩʮƷ桱аȣҴ棬𣬼֮ࡣ
ħȴһսܴͬأʱԻָ
Ӵʹߺ󱸣ָֻǵ飬Ψȱʧλħֻ²ôòˡ
Ͼ׵ãħȴûôѰˡ
պãϻʥŮۣͬλûһݺʵ򲻿ܵġ
һսڽˣɵӰȴԽԽ㣬ԽԽ㣬̵ʱ֮ڣ½ţңȫ޷⡣
ħ桱ӦȻ̫˿ڣָԪʱ䣬漴·
Ŀ꣬
Ŀǰţ칤ɽ󱣴˽ΪõʵһڴˣħȶɽԱķȫû
ԣħ桱ӦȻΪ֮УвȥˣΪиҪҪ
һսҪ׵춨޵պĸ֣ȫͶΨħ
ʱ䣬̶ֻգ֮ɽӭħ桱Ӧ۵̤
滹Ϳһս


1001 عⷵ
ʱ֪ħ淢µ顣
˷ɢر⴦ܶûӴ֪Ҳֻ顣
ΨһңʣɴҶɣʵȣսֱ仯һʼͱˡ
ȻҲȫڣŽ׶ϾУ㻹һ˿ϣûǧɡŮС
ܶڣǺڰ޹⣬һƬ谵
ȻӦĵرɮϣһްϢʱʱͬƺʱҪϨ
ã
ջس˼Ȼһ͵˵رɮɵʯ̨ǰȥ΢΢һ̽رɮӻ̿Ϣһ٣ǿȴһϢת۾ͱ˿ˡ
رɮˡ
¶һ
ûмãˣҲȻˣ֪ԷΨһҴɮοöԷ
Ӣңõرɮ
뵽ˣһȻʲôһ֣жʱһʵƿ
еһͨףԲϾɢĵҩסرɮıǿףһţ㼴ҩС
ҩڼԶΪҺرɮĸڣãرɮӾȻѸٺתϢҲþ࣬ƣҲ裬ƺ׻ָ˹
ȻȴޱȱΪףⲢΪһҩܳ׵׵õرɮָתǲعⷵնѡ
࣬Ҳӵʱû
ΪõģǱ֮ǰϣؽµһδ˵鵤عⷵյ
δ˵鵤عⷵյûãǾ鵤ȴ֮ܽˣһ
ѾֻҪȥʱعⷵգӵƬ̵
ֵҩʱߣʱȴܷҪã˿̡
ϣҲһʱöҩû뵽ʹõʱ
˿һžΪλһλɮʲôԣʲôԸδˣĸԸؽĶĻعⷵյ¡
عⷵյǴδ˵鵤ȻβˣȴȷӵЧ
رɮ´˵ûã΢΢һ˰ΣȻ˫һȻ۾һ˫γȱ˫ۣʱ䵽վʯ̨ǰϡ
Ҳ֣ƺ֮У֪飬ָƣֻûԼ۵һ̡
Ļжˣ
ʵͬʱӣƺ
æַסСؽ𣬿ʯ£ͷһʯ⣬£ŻشѾĸʱˡ
ĸʱô
رɮ૵صһĿƫףתܶڵķŶһ⣬ûأرһƬڰ
һ֣óһöȭͷСҹ飬ɢ͹Σʯر
ѰƾرɮΪȻҪֻһϢأɢΪչ壬ȻܵһЩ
Сѵˡ
رмس˵ͷ
״̬κԴһЩĶ׽ؿһɢֻԵͷʾм
漴Ĭһ£ʳһ⣺£ˣ
ʳ仰ʱʮֳƺ֪ȴֲòʡ
Ĭһ£գȻģǲòʵ棺ʣɮһˣ࣬ա
رɮԣԾҵĻһ£գǿסˡ
ɫһʱƺ࣬һγĬһյʱ֣һ̾ϢȻôʦӲТûкúչ£ʹһʹ˶Ͼˡ
ص£Ƕɡ
˼֣һʱڻ֮У鱯̾
һʱ֪Ȱοֻõɮж죬棬ֻҪ½һղ
ǺǣСѼˡ
⻰Ȼ֪ǿο֮ԣرɮǳ¶һмٴγĬһᣬлѵľ֮Ȼ֪ʱ޶࣬ĻһɽϺ飬ܸϸ˵˵ô
˵꣬ڴ֪ҲҪһ
״Ȼ޲Ӧʣֻܾõͷ˵һá֡
漴ڵرɮڵʯ̨ԣͳؽرɮܡȸᵶԪ˼һɱ֮ɽϷһϵһһ
صλɮʩչԱҪ޼ΧͽʥƣԼĳпݹħͬھ
ϯӣǶһսħʮǧ۹ӡ˫˫
ħ桱ӦΪ׷ɱڳԱ˳ɾѧɽһ֮롰ħ桱Ӧ۷Ŀֲײ
Ů˵ɣɽϴħȲӣȫըɰ׵أħȸ߲㣬ڡħ桱Ӧ۵ıӻ
˳ˣ߲Լħȸ߲𶯡
ʱ̣٣ȴԽһսĺرɮһ̻㱨صλɮԱλͬھرɮϼбˣн
ȫɹ룬Ŀǰ칤ɽȻֽΪʵд棬ֲ䡰áгο
ֻǣһкã˲ǣƣɫһ󲨶ϵϢڿɢ󾪣æǰһڱģŻ͹ʰ񣬱סɫ
ȿȡ
˼ŲʵСѸղŸķµģǺεȵҩĻжʱû
ƺǶҪʱ䲻ʱ䣬Ա㳤˵
ɮţһʱܣܾȵɮ
ǻعⷵյɣ
رɮ˵ĻЦһϳɫҲȥ롣
͵صĵҩҲһ֮˷£˷ˡҲҿⵤҩĻһЩ飬и
˵һҵĿԣˣβ˽֮ʱһҲ㹻ˣԹ˭Ҳ˭ܸλʦһ𣬴ԡ
¶Ĺâƺ֪һٽ㱰ΣЦ̾̾ɮһߵģȴһˡ
ͻƷʵ֮ң½㣬Ҳŷġ
ɮ˵
һ֣֪رɮʲôҪԼ˵֪ǵرԸܲϸΣһسرɮ
رɮԣ϶ʱ¶һ˿廳ı飬Σų˵ħĴ˵Ҳ٣Ҳ׸ħ֪أ
ԣһҡͷ漴رɮһ׮ء


1002 ǧħ
֪Զ֮ǰһǧǰһֻԶħͷۣ½
˾ɱΣ˼䣬ׯʱС͹ң
գ𹫷ߣʱڵ棬һǳ󣬽ӡָΪһݷݣڸԿܣѹʹص£ϵʹǧ겻˻Ϊѹ
ǣ֪ħľԼݡ
ǧ꣬ϲѯżղףλ㽫½һѶ˵ħʵȻ֮⣬ǧ֮У˰ħһħ򣬡ǧħеһλλħѡ
ǧħ֮УλħʤҲǧ򡣶ǿλħλħҲгǧ򣬶ħҲа
ڸǿվħ٣ֻܹʮÿһ𣬽ӵඥߵʵ
޵֮ΪʦΪʦâΪߣâߵλ׶ΣλߣλߣͶߡ
λߣ൱ʿеĹһ
λߣ൱ʿе޾
ߣ൱ʿе¾
¾ĶߣǷǧ򣬶ûж٣ÿһڸ򣬳ưԼ
Ĵڣж£
¾ߵǿվħжǿᣬ
ħ桱Ӧۣ֮Խ磬ΪǧħеһλħһεĿռͨѯռͨͨһλ棬Ҳڵ硣
УǿΪȽ׵ꡣ
ħȻͬ壬ǿ׳ԼĵȽףҲǵΪΡħ桱Ӧ۸սʱϽׯ͹ȵԭ򣬾Ϊ꣬Լ
ֻ֣ⷽغԭ粻ͬмѹãȥһͻƻâҲλħ뿪ⷽأټڴˡ
ԣѹпͣľٶαûлٴ֮١
ܼ꣬ռꡣ
½ҪĿģΪǧħλħǰ棬ռ磬뵽ͳ磬ⷽλ棬ΪԼߵũȣе壬ȫţȦ
һҪˣͷһȥȻλħⷽ棬ʱפġ
һԴԴΪԴλ棬жҪ
ʵ棬λܶ࣬ܶ඼ռΪϽǧֳأռ䣬ֻһΣǧħǡɷѡ
ǣΪͳߣȻҪһΪūߣ罫ǰ;ԡ
˵ˣһ㣬ƾ׸Լ꣬ҪΪħУʳԼĲϡ
޵߶ԣǾԽܵġ
ԣҪҪӡħ桱ӦۣΪģǱɹѰ㹻Ŀռ侧ʯٴδͨһµͨǧħħͨ
ǴǧħĿռֻͨʹһΣħ桱ӦΪǰ洫֮󣬿ռͨ㲻ظֱӱ߽ˡ
Ҫµħ֪ͨλڵ㡣
ƫƫħ桱Ӧ۴λֱͨӱħ滹ûнռڵ㴫ȥԴӡǧħ򡱣޷繹λͨġ
ΨСħ桱ӦۣдѰҵ㹻Ŀռ侧ʯ磬ͨǧħλͨΪǡСǧħ򡱵Ŀռڵ㡣
λλħȻҲûϵֵǴռͨȻһԵġ
Ϊֻ̽ˡħ桱Ӧһλħǰȴûϵλͨ͹һֱ֮ӱ޷ǲľħ磬ûշȦ
ħ桱ӦۣһʱΪ̫̰ͼ꣬ûλͨߣµλͨûнȱ޵߸Ϸӡˡ
һӡǧꡣ
ԣǧħϵжϣ磬ƽһǧ꣬ûֱݡ
һǧУħ桱ӦȻҲ
λħʹ̰꣬Լľ磬ԣץסһлᣬΪʱţһպõۻ˥ۣѹ֮ɶӡһǧħеĽطԼСĴۣԼϰħʶֱ˳ȥ
ϰħʶûȫҴ棬ڴ;УֱӱĨɱ˰ʮֻʮɹ
ʮħħʶֱӶ˵ʱ½൱һݵλҪϣҲСݣһЩǱ޴󣬽пҪõĶϡ
ǣЩ֮ˣͽۺһ𣬿ħȣʵΪħ׼
еһħʶе֮Ͼ
Ͼ⣬λߣλʳ࣬пܶԽħá
ֻû뵽Ϊ֮ϾһսټȻѪ̫ʢȻһа֮壬ħħʶʧܣܵ˥٣ٽɢڼ
˴ۣ۷䵽ڣòͳʮħʶÿһ쳣󣬡ħ桱Ӧôɢ
ʱ޶࣬ûʱͻһħʶȥѰңʺϵѡԾѡ˸ڵʱպ֮УϾ֮ܣҲĶ壬Ϻϵϡ
ᣬҰģаħһ㼴ɹû⵽ٵֿ
ħ桱ӦȰáϾħ飬ŭһΣϺټħ񣬱ɱġ
һҹһƣʳ֮һѪϾȻ׵ϣ˶޷֮ϡ
ɥΪλ̳ȨȻܳʵã˺ǲɱ׷ɱ밧ɽõӡһĻ
Ӧɽ֮ϣٻ׷ϺϻɷɻңһħħʶҲܵش֮ɢ
ȻڡϺϵħʶ٣ħ桱Ӧۻħʶп½߲㣬Բ˸ڵƵħȵİ̽顣
ϻʥŮۣеé®㼴µġպõȣΪ£Ч
գЩ˺ѰƣڳɹӰ֮еõԱĽ֮ȻʤѩΪȺսӡ˺٣ųħ棬˼䡣
ħ⣬һ棬Ҫ½󣬽ӡİ˴š
һ棬Ϊ˱صǧǰĸޣٴֱӱ˷ӡȴֲòѵȥѰҿԲħͨĿռ侧ʯ뽫ǧħиľħռ磬˵óΪǵľħ԰
ҲΪʲôħ桱ոƷ⣬ûмŶԸ˴ţǼž˺ܳһʱû¶棬ڱչػָԪǰз£ȥѰҿռ侧ʯ
ʱ䣬ٶƵƵȻռ侧ʯѾ֣ڰгﱸͨǧħĿռͨ
⴦ռͨһɹһλħǿµλħλħַ٣½ݣһ˿ϣ
һλħħ桱Ӧۣ½ʿ޲ߣ¾һֻʮֻһֻλħ磬ҲûǵĶ֡
ΪǧħλλħһֲʿƽգȡɱΪǵʳʲġ
޵磬Բ顣
Եֹֹ֮ħʣ༸ڳ֣ҳռͨĵص㣬ݻ٣ֹ佫ǧħһħ½磬ܱʱ̫ƽ
ܶУһƬžΨеرɮ渵
ʮ棬һֲ©ϵıԽԽأԽԽǾʡ
û뵽һħı󣬻ôԶĹԼӿµδ
ҪԵģֹܲһħ棬һΪѪ̵ĸ࣬ǿǿվħ
һЩħȴ޵ģͽǳ׵ȼӿµģΪȦһһ׸ǧԶͳڡ


1003 ·ϣ
һ֪ԭԼĸףȻǡħ桱Ӧħʶѡһߡ
ֻΪ丸һսѪ̫ʢа֮壬ħħʶûгɹܵش죬ٱɢ
Σѡ常Ϻħʶ
Լ׵򣬾ȻΪ䲻Ըħ棬Ӧ߹ħʶֵġϺһɱ
ԼɱˣȻԼĶ塰Ϻϡ
ϣȴҲһִܺߣףȴӯġħ桱Ӧۡ
ԼȻףԼĶ塰Ϻϸ÷ɻǱ˳𡣵ɱˣȴǡħ桱Ӧۣڲң桭
뵽ˣУһŭ𣬶ʱ
ǰԿħ棬ֻΪֶΣ˹ߣԱ档ڲ֪ԭ֮䣬˲֮˽
ֻǣ֮ȻյûѪҺڣ޲ǰȥɱħ棬дһ˿ǻǸôڱ洦Լɥɥʧ󱨳Ļᡣ
ô죿
뵽ˣԺ˼תһʱ䣬ּƲ߷ϴԺӹȴƷ
εط֣ԾԵʵһıƣûκεг
Լӵħ桱Ӧ۵ʵ뱨øֻǿ̸
ӵ롰ħ桱ӦʵЦ
֪ܱƲɱħ桱ӦۻҪòס
ԭܼ򵥣ҪħһսҲҪͬߵʵ
ħڵʵ׺ڣʱţΪڿٻָС
Ϊͳħʶ˽ԽΪСȽף۷塣ʱĲܸߣﵽ벽â
벽âֻڵ׺ڣʵƾһССķڣ׷ϣγԽ
½ϣ۷Ǽޣ벽׶ܺѴﵽ
ȻĹ˭Ҳ޷ġһ˿Ļᡣ
ͬףΪҪ뿪ֻ취
һҪôΪﵽâҲλߵľ磬Զعųȥڶ취ǾҪôͨռͨҲǡħ桱Ӧڹħͨȥ
ǣӵ˻âʵԸһħ滹ֵֺαҪ磿
ûлâʵôܽħĿռͨ뿪
δȫ޻ᣬȴô
ΪΪ˱⡰ħ桱Ӧ۳ɹؽĿռͨǧħдλħλħλ˾λħ͹ū½Ҫ뾡취ħͨ
Ҳ˵ܵ佨ɽ뿪ҪĽƻʹıܵóѡ
Ϊ˵رɮԣףһĹÿռֱͨǧħǺ롣
λħλħλħŵζ½ӿｫΪǵֳ˳ΪȦţɱθΪû꣬ûɵĿɱߣΪҪĹߡ
Щ棬ܾǵĸϣֳãŮаˡ
ԣһĻԲ䷢Ҫ⣬һоͳѭìܡ
Ҫսܣɱħ棬Ҫӵħ໥ʵ
Ҫӵħ໥ʵҪ佨Ŀռͨǰǧ
ǰǧ򣬷ȴҪáħ桱Ӧ۽ĿռͨΪδȴҪֹħ潨ռͨҪݻ٣ƻɡ
ÿռͨ뿪뷨вͨɻâعųƬռӲܣԣҪô취Ҫôֻ
ǲġΪϣűôʵ籾δؾѰҲͻ׾
Ȼʮ΢Сƻĵпܲ
ħͨȴǾԲ佨ɹģǰᡣ
ԸɣħͨһҪݻ٣ܽʳΪʽǧħħ뱾磬Ϳ顣
ֻǣѰͻ׾أãȻ
ȻҲ֪뷨ж棬಻ף½ǧûһ˳ɹͻ׾֮ӣǻƵƵҲͷ۷嵽
ʣô죬ĻҲƲϹھǧţƾЩʴӱˣԳɹƾܳɹ
ǣܡ
뵽ˣҲҡҡͷЦһĪչ
ֻǣΪεرɮҪЩأ̧֣ͷȴϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣


1004 ·£
ܺ棬ΪθЩǰɣ
رɮɻɫЦЦ˵
ͷ
ֱԴӵرɮ˵Щлع
û뵽ħı󣬻ĸԴǧħ̫£ֻһǰ棬Ȼܽһң˿Եֿ
Ĵڣ˵һֻҪٶͷ磬ͳ׻ˡ
ڴ֮ǰ˭Ҳ񲻵۷ľǿߣֵ½ǧ겻ðĸħɣȻֻһħǰ档
ǰ棬ǴǧħУǧʤߵȽ׵ľħԼ
һٵ½ɵľ󣬽˾Ī
Կ϶֪гһգԼΪȦʳ˵ĽϣһԸɱҲ䵽ЩħС
磬ǿƣҲͬӲпĮΪʳľħǷϡŹֵ֡δţδ
رɮɫȻЩͳЦЦſ˵Ľո¡һ㳹֪½ҪٵĿΣˡһ֮³棬ħħͨɹƬ½Ϊħĺ԰壬Ϊħȡʳ
ͷǵر棬֮ǰ޷񣬸֪ħͨ顣
飬һħɹ롣
ˣҲһЩ¡
һֱΪħȻҲūһ½ʿзһ졣
ȴû뵽кأħһɹ½ˣޱȿ¡ǣ֮л漰磬ͱøˡ
֪һķħ⽵٣ƾڲƵ޵磬¼ҲǾ޷ֿġ
ŵر֪ԷһҪģΪ˸ԼЩߣĪǣ
뵽ˣ۾һһ˿Լȷŵڴ
ܴ
ȿȡȻرɮּɫó졣ôãʱȥ֪ʱѾ޶ˡ
ɮ
󼱣æǰٴΪһرɮɫֽתϢָƽȡ
֮⣬ɿţ֪ٲڣԺԶҲпڵĻˡ
ΪԼٵسѣɮĻһҪϸ½ĻᣬҲΨһ
ǣ
˲ɫ֣֪˵ģǣһ׮أȻرɮ֣أ˷·ؽиԼ
ǧǰ֮⣬һ屦ɽӰ֣˳֮Ϊɽ̡
ɽ̣
֣ʱŴ̲ͣס
ôˣ
رɮϣûʲôֵֻʵ
ʱӦԼľٶʧǷףֻñǸЦЦû£ɮ
á
رɮҲɣ˵ɽԶŹսһΪ飬ֳƬ˷˵õȻڱ֮ܡ
һã԰ڱعƣӶͻƷ֮ÿһֲ֣ѪᣬսƬʧ֪䡣
˵ˣȻһ٣Ȼһּۣڵڣȴõһ飬ֻΪ˱޵ҰʿµͿӣԼɽƬضʦλӣ˲֪

һΣŴͣ۾г˾һ˿֮ɫ
رɮ֪ȴ˵ɽ̣һӴΡ
ҪǣϾʹ飬飬ѾںΪһ𣬳ΪһɽƬ
һֱֻ֪֪ԷǷΪһǴӡ족ĶѨ֮еõǵȾǿ߿أֵ֪
ȴԽɽ֮۵ʯжõġ
ǿ¼ػĶ뾡취ûȡ֣
¼ΪƬܵħȵͷ̤ỶΪˣǲ
գȴ޼£õҲɥֱ׷ɱʯ׿ӵĽ߾²Ÿһ䡣
ڣرɮȴƬȻܶݵڱعʿͻƾʱƣͻƷ׾֪ڵ𶯡
˿׷һΪͻƷ׶Ŭǰ̣пɽԴӲȥףȴˮ£лֻܿѡ
ȴû뵽ԭ䣬ûܰͻ֮ֻ˽Բ֪Եõѡ
ڣرɮȴ²֪Ҿӵһ飬Ȼ˽꣬첻ѡ
ѵƬڵرɮϣΪħ潨ռͨ飬ҪƬԼԼͻ׾ħԿ
ҡͷ˲֪Լǳ롣
ɽƬ죬ڣ粻֪˶λףﻹֵõԼ
ɼʹɽƬҲͬҪ˵츳Ŭȱһɡʹɽ챦Ҳ˿ͻƵġ
رȻڵλߣʵǿ󣬵ȴԲһλƹɽƬϡˡ
ô˭أ
ȻףΪʲô족˽ԲƬһֱ߲֮Уûͻ
ƫƫӵɽƬġ족ȴڶʱʵܿﵽ۷壬Ҳʿ˵ķ۷壬ƿ
ֻһͻƳɹΪǧһλ
վʧˣʧ鱨йܣ߲ȫɱ£ΪȻлƣͻڣȴԲһλڵе
Ҳǵս
һжˣΪżȻ֮£õɽƬԲطһ·۷壬Ҫɹͻס
¼ңȻ֪ܣȴɽƬ֪˲뵽ʯУܷӡľһͻڵɽƬ󣬲˷񣬲ϧһдۡ
ڣȻҲһӵһɽƬʱ䳤֮ãΪҲһǱѰΪǸ˶ף챦ֻ֣ҪʲԴֲϡȱ£ͻƸ۷壬ʮϡƽ顣
ڣ˭ΪǷ۷أ𰸺֮
һ̣е̵𶯣ûϵΪϾһڣھȻصܣЩܣһˣһµһˣȴѾʧ˽ʮ֮õµһˡ
ΪΣͻȻʧأ
һУΪУþԿѡ
ţȻرɮɽƬҪܶԼˣһѣΪԼġ
Ȼ
رɮЦЦղŵҲµˣûõ˿ɽƬģҵʦһס֣ʦҲ˳ƺΪҶɮ
·һ绮ʶһд𰸣ˣֻʦΪκȻʧˡ
ţ϶ǽҹرɮ˵ݡ


1005 Ը壬̫ƽ
رɮ׷У渵һ׮µ۾һ˲˲
ʦõɽƬ֮ʼһʱ󱯴ϲָ˵õرֺϢȥ˶ߡΪԸЩŹ֣һʱ䣬߽˭Ҳ֪˵ʲô˶ǲ߻ħ
ǣ£ʦΪȴԽԽ죬ԽԽ졣գȻﵽڡΪ½˾ķǿ֮һûκŵԮֻΪ˲ɣû⴫
ûãӦҲСɣʦڣΪ֮죬𾪣
һ죬Ȼָֻ˵Ҫһ˳ȥһߣһߣꡣ֮ٻȻѾǷ۷壬Ϊ½һˡ
һΣʦڴ¡ºһƮȻȥӴ˲֪١
˶ʦҪôѾͻף½ҪôĳɽѾɣ鼫֡ȴûܲµʦȥ򣬶Ϊ˲ʹ˴ţҲӲ⴫
۾һ˲뵽ʲôæǲʦֽϣЩʲô
رɮԣԴӹȥЩ
̾ؿһ˼άݣ޵½ķ֮һ
һ٣ֵʦµ֮ϸǣҪѰһ֮أչأȡͻ֮ǧܳɾ͵۷ޡ
ֻʦҲ̹ԣӵɽƬͻףҲͬʮּѺΣգɹֻвʮ֮һαչأܾܺãҲԶٳ֡
Ϊ˱ⱻ˷֣ƻʹţҪչصǴص㣬ʮĽƣǷ磬Լܽ룡
ֽдֵֻ

ɻʵû˵֣Ȼⲻʲôĺ٣½ϣʮƫƧ֪һ֡
رɮ̾ϢǰտʼҲһ֪ѯ伮ֲѯʸ컨ҵֻûз磬ȴŶ룬ֻ޹
˵֣صԣΪֹǣҲȷʦǷɹѾ˼䡣
ҲЩ꣬ΪʲôʦʦܵΣҲû취֪ͨʦԭһ´չأʲôĺҲΪ²ȥףһĪƣ赲ǣû̽ʦĴֻܵȻء
ѣзΪָպӣ޵ѽ٣ûʱٵȥˣҵȥֻһʧ
ʦҪôѳɹƮȻ֪٣Ҫôͻʧܣһѻҽع籾ԭʲôǶܽܣϣҲ޵磬Ҫϣ
ԣܳɲɹĶϣҵƣǰףһ̽ʦڣͻƳɹ޵ͻδʦѾȪ֪ٲǱźߣ֪ʦȥ˺δ㹻
ȣȡ
˵ô໰رɮϵϢȥϵһһְ롣
֪Լ޽뿪ʱ̲Զˡ
΢һ֣ժһŽƣΡΡصݵǰ˵˵һʦѾˣɽƬ߰ɣһѾϾҲû˼̳СõƬ˵δлƴޣ֮Ϊ޵磬һ
ˣ
һڣرɮеʳȥͷһᣬʹϢȫޣݳȥƣֻ쵽գ㼴ӲȻ顱һش䡣
ɫƣϵڱĵϣ졣
ɮ
͵վ𣬺æرɮǣѾϵ۾ҲԽ֮ʦ£ߴɮȫһ档
һ׶Ͼ
Щ棬Ϊ˷ӡӡĵػɮΪ˶Կ죬Ϊƣֳֶ飬սӢĵҶɮΪͽϧʩչط˫˫Աĵص¡
֮ǰһĻֻǹδ¹ؾԸһˣУҲֻѰʦ𣬾Ԯĵر

ǧֻأδ׷ֻһԸ޺壬̫ƽ


1006 컨
࣬һͽ͡
βرɮֱԽԽԽԽڲòʵطƣվһ
Ĺɰҹȥˣһνʯϣ˼䡣
һֱĺѻ䣬ڵĹתΣٴλָڰŶһ±Ӳӣֻ۾ɬиǳһԵζ
ûཻ̫ʣǣ̶̼ӴƽûжԸ⿿ĿţΪУ۷һᱮ
ûκһţȡ
ȻҲ˵ţûпɸ飬Ʃ糤ˣΪ˸ڸֶ·֪ƪͬˣȴˣʬǶҲ㡣
Ÿڣ壬зθ顣
ǣΨһ£˲ͬĸо·Լ׽
֣ʰϹĽƣָĦԲĹ¶ȣƺ滹еرɮ£漴ŽСջشС
ô
૵صֺϵرɮ˫ۣȻߵһԣ˫ʮָùߣֱͽھƬ̱γһɣɵľ޿ӡ
رɮ屧УٽڳʯȫȥӽһʯʯϿһ֣µرɮ֮Ĺѧĩ
ѳɷΪرɮܻýǰرɮԶȱԼԶһ޵ССӡ
ڵرɮĹǰΣתȻȻ̤Ŀ귽򣬲½ϵؽ磬Ͻˮ壬컨ѰҺ
ҲףѾʲôҲûˣҲȥҲֻܿһĹʦѾʮ겻ǿǿߣһչʮ꣬ҲӦѳ˰ɡ
һֱأȥѱΪһ߿ݹǡ
ҲҲʦȥ
ȥԶҲ֪𰸣
ңرɮ˵ģ޵磬ϣϣҲˣ޵磬ûκϣˡ
ħħͨһɣǴСڵӣֻ½洦ɼǧˣ˶һ׸
ҡ
뵽ˣȻ֣УһСȱεԲƬģƬ֮ͨ࣬Ҳûʲôˡ
ǣ֪ͬѰ֮ȻῴںһɽƬ
侹ȻӵڱͻƷ֮ܣټ򵥣ª޷ļֵ˵޼֮Ϊһ֪ƬǷҲֲ˺á
һںһɽƬ૵ص˴ţʦĲڣҲһĿܣ׾ɣ
ϣȻСϣ
Ȼͻףħͨѽɣ½ݣȴȥףѰʦҪ
仹ѾͻףȻõ¡ûô
뵽ˣĬһ£Ҳֻеһ̾Ҳֻм£ͼˡ
ΪɽƬΪֻڣ뷨۷嶼֪ŶԶʱͻס
۷ʦõɽƬչغʮ꣬ûͻƳɹأ֪׾ѡ
ȻС
뵽ˣٲԥλζⱼףһձǧ̶գϽˮڵأ컨
ҲΪ컨Ϻ±ûԶһϽһϺмֻ˲һľ롣
ҲףʦȻҪҸƫƧ֮رչأⱻ˴ţҲӦò̫ԶԶһ룬ոպá
컨ˮͫļڵأȴûйȥ뷨
Ŀǰ޵ΣɳƵΣڵϦ·ϣҲ˵ˡħ桱Ӧ۶飬ټڶֶһ죬֪ʱ䲻ˡ
ϣü
૵صһݣ˾Χ컨תѰҵرɮ˵ĺڵء

Ͻˮڵļפ컨һƬĻȺɽǧȺ֮䣬ֱ֯һ
֮УϸɫĻ䣬дСڣƮСʳָ̬ʤա
ǧӵһ𣬲۴ﶬӦĻ俪ţһļįŴ컨
ɫȴפ͡
ٶȺ֮죬컨ֲ̫ȻΧ컨Ѱʱ컨ȦҲûҵرɮ˵ĺڵء
գӦһţ̾Լ޴رɮҲǿѯʵؾ֪ģȻԼѰңǰ׷ѹ
Ȼӣһλصûã֪˺ȷλã漴лˣһݣֱ컨һ߷ȥ
ûãһȺƵɽ嶥ˣһžĺǵ˵ĺˡ
ɿЦѹԼҲһڵݴɽƽԭ֮Ѱȥ˭뵽ȴһǧɸߵľ޷ֱ֮죬ȻѰá
ҵͺãվߣ棬Ȼ֮Ȼ˵ؾʤա
ǧȺӵһˮˣʮƽͺһͨû
ôҲ޷뵽ﾹȻԭס֣µһˣҲʦչس֮ء
һܣȷû˿֮һݣֱӸ֮УȻ󲻶ϳȥѰʦܱչصڡ


1007 
ˮ̹ǣ˶Զˣη䡣
ټˮԴѳɣں׶Ȼηס
ԽԽѣˮƺ㣬̺ȻˢԽ³Խǿƺ˽롣תˮԴֿܼ½
ʱԼѾͻƷֻһ붼ˡ
ǵرɮԵĽˣȻǷܽ롣
ǣҲѹȸǿһЩֻҪתǺܼѵؼź롣
أšһ죬ƺʲôȦӣѹȸжټһ硣
ˮ£ܣȴûκˮļͷϿգһεɫĹĻͷƺ뿪γһƬˮ硣
ͷϷȺߣˮ֮أɳ̵أӳǰԶȻһשʯ͵ڶڡ
룡
˵ȻʲôΣաҼȻѾ֪˵ʦչ֮أΪ˶;֮
һʯţʯ֮ϣһƴСķ棬ƺҪʲôǶܿ
һ뵽رɮ˵ҪƲܽ룬ʱȻһӣнҫرɮǷƣʱС
ƣǰһͣʱʯ֮ϣ˿Ϸ죬һ˿ʣ
Ϸ͹ʯϷİ棬һγԿһЧ
ʱǡһ죬ʯųĿĽ⣬󣬻ҳ䣬ѾõʯŻ߿¶һڵͨ
΢һ˿תʮһɫĹâУǰ롣
ʯɭҲ֪ͨխͣĿɫĹâȴѾħͫԶ֮
ڣǰֹһȻһ޴ĵ֮ܶС
ܶϿգȻ䣬ǶѨУһȸӸߴ󣬷·ֱľʯ赲ǰ
֮⣬ѨУһĿȻ
ʦأ
֣üȥȴѰаס˵ĺۼ
ѵﻹ鲻ɣ
뵽ˣĿĴһ£նھʯ֮ϡ
ʯ⻬Ҳ֪ô׵ģȻʹڴˡʯ֮ϣķһһ棬ӳһƬǺÿһȴдͬһֻ֣θвͬ
ģ
ü˵Զ֣ȫûдķľ䣬ֻЩ֣дǾģȴȫͬһ֣ԵЩ졣
Īǣʦ֮Щģȫȥģ
һͨ˵㣬Ϊ˵ΨһйϵģҲֻµǰס֣µһˡʦˡ
ֻǣΪȴӰĪѾͻƳɹȥ
üЩ̫Լ۶ϡ
ΪԣѾͻƳɹӦͻ˲Ŷԣûл£ֻҪ½Ҳ±ڣҲ֡
˲£Ѿ뿪½뿪֮ǰҲӦøź󱲴кΪһ֮ǻ᲻صˡ
ԣ϶ӦûƬ¿ռ䣬ҪôûгɹĳصصͻƣҪôѾͻʧܣ
ֻǣأĪﻹڣ
һʱҲе޲ߣֻĴߣǲʲôءȻһĿȻûʲô֮ҲûѰҵκһͨطͨ
գֻصǾʯ֮ǰ
ܶУҪ˵쳣Ψһ⣬˵ʮĶֻⷽͣĵʯˡ
ҲΪʯŸƶʦһңӦµĳֻһʱҲڶѡ
ȻټѰֻҪҵǴĻأʣһյ׾ԡ
Ŀ⣬䵽Щ·Ծط档
ҲǴصĻأЩƲۣţ༰ķ֮ϡ
ǣҲûȥʯ֮ǰϥĿⶨضʯ֮ķģŵʦġ
ȻϾ޷֮ˣЩĳʣԽԽǿϾͨƪȫͬһ֣״ǧٹ֣ٳҲʲôõĶ

գһ̾۾ȷԼǿϡˣ۾ɬޱȣǳͬһƪɵĺ
ȻȻ۾ԺУղſǧٷģȴԺвӿ֣ղʱעȫǰʯϣûиоһۣЩı·һǳʶд䡣
ףǣ
䣬Ȼ
ĴУһͭƬȻɢȣԶɳָǰת
ͭƬ֮ϣҫĿĽ⣬ʯϵĻӦͭ͡Ƭ֮ϣǸСٴοʼ˫һӡǰһӡ
¡
ȻͭƬСдӡ˲䣬ʯ֮ϵģȻͬʱһȻ󱬷ĿĻ⣬УʯȻѣ¶һССĶڡ
һ漴ϲȻ׷ʲô£ǺԥһݣһץͭƬһԾڶ֮С


1008 ضݹ
ʯٴιرգָ
ʯ˸ķģҲ֮ûԭ
ʯУѨ֪ֻ֪һֱ³һֱ³ܱ߶һƬϷȥʱ֣ڡͨһ档
ǰһЩ΢Ĺһ֣жʱ飬ҫķ
ֻһۣͲһ̶һ䡣
һԲɼСʯѨıڰ͹ƽðɫʯ񣬻һƪƪġѨУһʯ̨̨֮Լһ֮أһ߸ɱݣȥ֪ʱĿݹǡ
ʦȻôѹһֱ֡ͻףѻص£ڿȻʧˣ
УȻֿܣȻҲУһǻһֿܡǲɵһ󳹹ǵ
ףɮ޵罫ɺεȿµӰ졣
رɮ˵ͻף⽫н磬ĻᣬҲΨһϣ
ڣûгɹͻƣԲħ桱Ӧ۵ľٶԽԽƵ
Ȼħͨ϶ҪɹˣȻ˼еɨƽ޵磬ƾΪ˸˾λλħ
ô죿
Ȼһʱþòˣ·𶼿ݼˣվͬһܡ
󣬾ħ̤֮ʱȴԶϽϽѰԸħķҲãڣȴһϣҲϾˣ
Ĭ
˵ʧңǲܵġ
ˣʧҲûκãֻ취ˡ
ãڣһǿԼƽ
ʦȻѾǶ޵ǰ𾴣ΪµرɮУҪúðһ£ٰʬʹõɢڵأð
뵽ˣɢҵ̧һһʦʬ֮
ߵúÿһ쳣غͼѣϣⲻһΣǰʬǸʦС
ҲףǲܵģΪףҲ²
ҪǣʬȻݱݣѷ绯ŵһģȴ¶Уֱɮܴġ
ֱɮмˣǡóʯһȻˡ
Ȼߵúǣôɾ룬ʮಽǺܿߵˡĬţŵ֮ϣʯϵǾ߿ݹǣ⣬µһˣʦŹǡ
뵽ˣͣ½ŲԶĵطһݣżǰȥ
ɫģŵɫ˿ߣԶԶȥ·һƬƶ䣬ʮֲ
ȻҲһ𱦣סֵĴ֮ĵҶػۣȣֻǴס֣ԶûʸģҾܴıʦߣҲûеڶ滻
ȻģͬĴ棬Ϊǵʦ˭û
ߵ˾ǰϸĴŹǣʱŷ֣ʦȻɣĹǽڣȴֳһ΢֮ɫ
ղԼ¶Ѩʱ⣬ЩǽУһ΢ϵĹâ˸뵽Ұ
ǣ
𾪣죬ĪǷߣ֮ʬǻ
ץʦϵǼģᳶ䣬ʱ¶ʦŹǵȫ״
ѽ
򶨣˿ҲɾΪǰһͨʿʬǡ
ʦͷ£йǽڣȫֳһ˿֮ɫڹǽڣ˵ɫӨɢŵϼ⣬ͬĹǽڣ֣ʮֲ
ž
ǼڵϹǽڣϻеܶʹʦѾɲ֪ãϵĵԾƲɢ˸ϸ΢ĵ𻨣ž죬ʾ
׾
һ̣УֱǷˣʧ䵽Ա
Ȼûм˭ʬ״޵־绮ּϤԣǽڳ״ȴײ
ֻͻ׾״壬䣬Ǳܸգܲ쾰
޵֮һڶԪѨķףâ
޵һΪ壻ڶԪΪԪںϣѨΪҲ׳ƵѨľΪҺҺΪѹһ۷֣ʵǡ
޵徳׾ȴһ̥ǵı仯Ҳ˽ƺΪɷ֮
һ磬Ҫ״壬Ѫ׽ѹǣӶﵽ뷲֮壬֮ĵһ
׾һΪŸСΣһΪڣΪڣŲΪڡڸϣ۷ԲͰ벽â
׳ڣҪ׽ѹǣǽڣľӵиԵ֮ǣһʮѣһãֱӾ׺䶥ˡ
ԿԲ͵ˣǵһ
ҲΪʲô׾ϡ٣ͻƵҪԭ
Ͼж£һľ˲ɽңǿ˲ԣͻףһҪ㹻ĵǡ
ܶ˸״壬»ɽң̤̤һȻûн׵Ŀܡ
ʧ˽ȡ֮ģ͵ˣ̤롣
ڶؽǣˣ㣬޷ֻ֮ڣֱ̫̫࣬ˣ⡣
̫٣ֱûЧ޷ﵽ׽ѹǵЧ̫࣬ͺ˶µһĻһľֱӽ̿ҲûȻˡ
ԣ״壬ֻһһУȻܲϼӴȣֱͻ۷壬벽âӴˣͲκˡ
ڣΪѪһɹӵѪʵ
׺ڣΪ㵤ҪԼķһɹ䣬âҫݣȿԵҲԴ߷˵У޼᲻ݣâһ˲ǧǿգͨ
һ׳ƵĻâҲ֮
һﵽһ磬ؽ޷ȥ򣬳һˡ
Сλ棬ֱӽųȥΪ־磬һ˿һǣ֣Ǹ߲򣬲ѹ䲻̫ƻ
ҲΪʲôеȼΪعĲͬԲŷֳ򣬺֮֡


1009 ׹
ʦڣȻǽȫֵһݻΪɫʣ״ɹѾͻ׳ڵס
ֻǣȻɹûãͷ⣬ҪôԪľߵյ㣻ҪôУʧܣɡ
Ȼںһֿ
ΪԪľӦУôᵹڵأ׼
ҪǣʿԪžӣ˾޴Ĳ࣬ųɷ֮𣬴Ӵ˰֮壬ԪȻӵһɲĵز
ʦȻܸոͻƣԪ£ȴԪľ
ԣͻ׾ûúһ׹У˹׵磬ֱɥֱᵹڣûκ¡
µĻնһ
ʦ׾ǿߣҲ޷ܣֱҲΪʲô׾УôѺͿֲԭ˶Сٲά衣
Ȼ𣬵ǣศɣ֮Уȴ̺һ
ҲΪʲô׵Ĵܿľ괺ֱѿ֦ұԭ׳㡣
Щ˲ĶӴ˵ǣХһ
֮ҽ֮вش
ʿУǾһߣ״壬Ϊģеһʧɣ顣
֮ԼȾʧ䣬Ϊˡ
ȾϲʦȻĳԽǰˣƾһɽƬԼе׾̤ʦ֮УΪ½ǧĵһˣǴһǧ׵Ĵ˵
ʧȴҲͬԴڴˣʦò׳ɹˣӦƹضսħ棬ϳ޵磬ֱɱһƽߣͻף޵
ǣȴڸճɹʱûãȴ䣬޵һ˿ϣơ
ͻϲճɹȴȴ̾
֮ǰֿܶܣҪôѾɹ뿪Ҫôʧܣɻȴû뵽һ
ȳɹˣȴʧˡ
ɹͻ׳ɹǧ괫˵ʧܣȴȴʹӵʵȴҲûзӳֹȣף޼ֵ
Ĭվԭأܾ֮󣬲ٴζ
ʦΣ޵磬һ
ֲ֪ʮ޵ӭħ֮ؿڡ
һ׷мΪ˲ϧգΪ½ǧһƴ˵̤׾ˣǷ;;ηľȴֵѧϰ
ԣˣҪúŹǣǶɮ񾴣ҲǶµһ˵ء
ȻһԵĵ֮ڳһСӣ׼ʦŹԭĽİУúᣬһ鱮ʱʦŹ֮УȻһöͨ尵ϣԲ״пգӨ͸ϻ˸ľӨǡ
֮⣬ϹǵģһССİԲƬһС״ɣԴȻİʦӵеǿɽƬ
ûйЩǽʦŹСãȻһʯݣ̾һعͷϵϹǺɽƬŵǰ
ɽƬϤֻݲݿۣ㽫ȷ봢֮С
öϹǣȴþ죬̲סעĿӡ
ϹǾӨһ೤ƺʦĳǽΪײӶģĦʱеһ΢΢ԸУ֮ӳüģƱ֡
΢΢һһͷĪǣöϹǣʦԭɣͻʱһ׹ֱɣһعͷȴ䣬һأ
д˻ɣûԭɵģΪȻõϹûжãǿľȴܸ֪ϹУƺžµķԼŨص
ЩǱģֻпܾʦһĹڡ
ȻҲ⣬ʦͻʱյ֮ɵľɵһССĹǽ֮С
ĿȥӦûп˲侫оһʹǰƺ˸ǿ̲ʣ֪Ϲڵ֮࣬
䣡
ľǽϹУӦһƬССɫ֪Ǿʦôյ֮Ũɵľ֮
һЩΣԴͻ׾ϣߡ
ϾЩǾ֮º޺һʦ֪ʱĴѴȥʣֻʢڣΪͻʱȥΣյһֱ塣
⻹Ҫġ
ҪǣϹУССɫԶһƬ󣬷·һĽɫǺʢţȫǽɫķԸȻʦһС
һ˲ףʦΪˡ
ɽƬȻֹһƬҲ˵õΪʲô˶ûͻףҲûʲô̫ʵı֡
һԭֻΪʣͷǱѰ
ڣһǣ籾Դ֮䴢
֮Ҳ˵ͨʿڣֻг浤Լõ۳ĵڶѨΪΪĳ
ʦڣȴһȻǣҲʱ֮ͬʱΪ֮ͨʿĵѨο档
壬޷ĥȻʦΪӵ壬ӵɽƬ󣬲Žô죬ֳɹͻף½ǧ괫˵
ҲΪǣ֮ʱ䣬˸Īı仯׵ʹɥĪ䡣
ȻϰʵʦͻƳɹ󣬷׳⡣
ʧܣҲʧڻûг׵ķǰŻʧܡ
ԣǣԷǱѰӵԼ˵̵ʱڣзŹԼӶʹԼ׾
һʱ䣬û뵽ֱʣֱɽˮ·һ塣ֿϣˡ
뵽ˣͫϥ£볢ǲǣϹе


1010 
ϹǺգ˫ĿٴνϹǿռУ˲䣬ɫͳԸĽɫһγǰ
ǣеһƽɫԴע
Դƺ޾ӽɫвϱγһĽɫ˿Ȼڡ
ת볢Խգǣȴɥط֣໥ų⣬ڡ
Ը޷ա
һʮΣδˣҴˣ֮ͻھһȣ߻ħļȻ顣
һֶвͨˣкʦһеĹȻԸȻӴȴΪãҼ̳ա
ҲףϹǿռУķԸȫʦһλ׾ǿߣһķҪിжിҪྫжྫͣȻһĵںϵġ
Щº޺ϾһʮָƷʵ
˵һˮһͣйеͣͻȻһˮᷢʲôǿ϶˲䱬ը
͵ˮУǲϽ𵴣߾ҹҲڵġ
ҪôƮˮϣҪôˮУƽʱల£һԡ
ĵˮʦķ߲ͣڣǿнԼľУҲ޷ͻƾ硣
߶ʱһĵʦķ壬ǻ˲䷢ըʮֲȵаٺһ
ԣܵõʦĹڵĵҲתһ˿ӵԵ
ʦķȻƷɲԵȣȴڣΪԼͻƾ磬Ϊ
ǣȥʦĹ
ֲµӣҲǴĵ
Ϲ˹۳һʽͷڵıˣɻ֮֮𣬸˵µѧˣҲѹֲڡ
۾Ϲǣ֪һʱ֮ڣʱûа취ˡ
һʱأͰԼǰȴǿ޷ʹãȻǼʹһ顣
ǣ޵ΣΣֵ£ÿൢһ̹򣬿ܾиȥ
ȵħħͨһɣƾܽףʱԴҲȫˡ
һ˶Ըħ棬λλλħ½磬һ׾ʵ㿴½ˡ
ԣΨһĻᣬħɹħ֮ͨǰɱħͨݻ٣½һ
취ˣ
뵽ˣվ֪ڴԴС
ãĴһߣһȻʦıչ֮˵ʯڣĴйأ
Ȼ֪Բ󣬵ܻһ֮ϣܣѰҿܲʦĵص㡣
ȻһվǰΪȫȫʦŹ֮ϣֱϹɽƬڲŷ
ף⴦طвãΪʲôеϤ
ɻ󣬴ܣܸоطʲôĵطһʱȴ˵
ûһνضΪʲôΧʱһ˿Ϥоأ
⣬ɻ֣иֻ·ӰƬͷһӹȴץסһ˿
ĿʯڵķŻ֮ӹգĿʯĵʯ̨֮ϡ
ʯ̨
վΣȻԺһһڶףΪԼһ˿Ϥоˡ
һ·ʯ̨Сʽģʮͬʯ̨ΧҲɽʯڣʯ֮ϣһΧмƵķŻ
ǵص㲻Ǳ𴦣ǵ»ĹʱձôȥǴƫƧʯͬɽʯ̨ʯڷ񣬺ʮơ
ΨһĲͬʯ̨ϣһֻ棬Ʒ棬۳
õģǶֻ۳𣬻лʯ̨ʯϵİƷ
ȥŷ֣Ǵ֮Уһͼ´˹ƷҲǵƷ
Īǣ
ԺһжȻӹһ˵ͷгȺͿϲвš
ٴϥ£ӴͳϹǣֽڰգһɵסƾٴαĿһβʹȻĳɽԡͼϹǿռеĽɫ
ɫȪ˲䱻ȻϹǿռ䣬Ϊһɫϸߣû֫ٺ
ЩɫӴתĽԡͼ˲ͬܵ٣׷ͶľѨУʹתٶһʱǣΪ֮
жΣںΣ۷塭
һһҹʱȥɫеĽɫƺ޾ԴԴϡʹôãΪС磬ﵽڵļޣŷڳ棬ǽɫȻûаֱǳļ
֪֮һһۣܹݽȣ̼Ȼ־״̬УͣսԸĽŲ
һӣڰеϹǣٴģɫ·Ȼ֣ɫ·ƺϡһ˿âҲЩ
ⲻգվЩˡâ仯ҵѰ˾ѷ֡дϹǣͻףָտɴ
뵽ˣ̲סЦһɨգǿҵĻϲ֮⡣
֪ͻϵѹһ࣬Ҳ̲סЦͬʱҲ֤ԼղŵĲ²⡣
ĹУʯ̨ԼԡͼģǱˣǰס֣ųµһˣ޵ǧһλ̤׾ʦʦ


1011 û
ڻĹУμʯʱڲ²⣬˭һһС
Ȼ²ⲻĿ꣬Ҳ֪˱ضͬΣҸŹϵУпܣǷλɮ
Ͼλɮıչֻ֮סԵһżȻ̤˴Եˣ֮뿪ʯϵĶҲûлȥ
֮֮Уڲر仯Ȼһͼ幦ȻﵽƷʱףڴ˱չصλŸɮ϶ǱѰҪôҪôΪˡ
ȻзŵӣӴõƷ
ΪˣôǽһУôİȻҪȵڶΪˣܷ֡
ڣˡ
رɮ˵ʦͻ֮һʱȻָҪȥһʱ䣬һ߾ꡣ
ڣû֪ʦȥҲûѰ˿ټ
֪ˣп϶һʱ䣬ʦĹУչղ⸱ԡͼڴ˴ȴԵˡ
ⲻڵڹ䡷Բ⴫ĵ֮ոȻʾʹ˻ɴʯȻɵһҲԭأһȴԵ
ʦʮǰ뿪£Ĵģձãʮʮǰŷʯ֮أȻѰٵټ
⴦ʯ֮У֮Ҳͬһʯ̨ƣʦ֮ɡ
ߣΪˣʯ̨жԣɴ뵽аأԵбչִ֮ĥһʯ̨԰չ¡
ʯ̨ǳͬһ֣֮ʽģȻͬҲѹһ;졣ͬĲðѡ
ϹǺʹйĿ⣬ֲʯʦЩͼھġ
ȻڻĹʯʦΪһʱ½ԡͼľô⺮ףչأ֮أԱȻĹʯҪҪٱöࡣ
ⶴʯµķ𻭣ԼģǷҲʲôأ
һ룬ȻŹЩ𻭾ġ
һУãŻع¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ȼ²ûЩʯͼ;ģһ󲿷ݽĶʦⶴѨͻ׾ʱĸȻ漰ʹУЩһλǧһλͻ׾ʦʮ˼ҹ룬ĥ޵
Щж󣬿ֻ±һ켶ύ
Щͻ׽˳ȻɹҲ
ϾȻõʦµϹǣҲӴգѱԭʦԼֱ״Ҫ㣬ȫöࡣ
˵ͻΣյһԹܣɹҲܶࡣ
ɹ󣬲һɹ
ͻ׾жѣֻǧ콾ǰ̣ȴʦһ˳ɹѺΣա
ˣЩѾʦգʱºʹ࣬ȻС
ϾǴ죬̺һҲֻΪ֮ǿ˼ŵһ
СǷ۷壬Ҳпֱӱջ٣Ϊҽ
Ҫ˵ڲڣΪʦķԸ֮ʣΪѿڣҪʮϰһmͣȴȻ̡
ûз۷壬벽ֱ֮ӳΪ
ǾǴﵽ磬пʧܣʧܼʻС
ڣЩʦʯϵľĺͷȴ˲׵֮׸ߣ˵ʦͻʱѹغϰɹȻࡣ
ԣЩȻʮӣʩչطȫ¼
ԺֹԼãҲԴԼ׽ˣЩɳƵ޼֮ء
¼Щ־ȵķ֣ͻףιܷյЩ֮⣬ʯϣһЩ
Ǻǣʦּ¼ϸۺ¶ɫ
ʯϼ¼Ķ漰´еԼžڵԭ
ҪǣУ񻹿˵Լ׽ԼǿͭƬӰ
⣿
һ̣ǳ𺶶ɵģʯϿκζµڹ֣Ψ澹Ȼǣ浽׵ĹȥȴôҲûϵġ
£ϸȥ
һЩصıڻҲʯΨһһ鲻ǷŻĵطΪڱ߽䣬տʼûпֱȫĶЩʯڷ𻭣ɨһƬ
ڻϣտʼһ߸ߵɽţɽ֮ϣšžڡ֡
£һŸСˣɽǰɫĹԣɽŵı󣬴ֱɢɹâ
һ̣ߴɽţǶĿģ貵ģ·ǧһʱ
ܿ죬һڵӰ֣СһĲӣϣһھŵ֣У칤ɽͨ󷨣гڵĳ쾭
ǣϣйֻ֣ûݡ
ЩСˣƺĶˣһҹһ𣬽飬գȷһµļƻ
һ죬ǴߴɽսЩ֮ǰŵСˣ֪Ӻʱ֣ɫڣֳɽŷ
գǴߴŲ֣ɽǣнȫӰһʾšؾ¥ĹŸ󣬷׷
УоŸΪ֮ˣᵽһᣬϲɫȥ
ûãͼϣһӴĻʳԼ˸Ȼš
УλеͼϱߵһǴϣͷǷգһɮӰУһǰþڡ
ʱۣһ죬һСɮˣڵĲؾ󣬷Ǳ鼮Ȼвҳգؽ淢һͭƬͭƬ֮ϵŰ˸С֣ƹģҶǸ
СɮõͭƬǺ棬ûиڵˣԼ͵͵ûãΪܿ죬Ϊһεס֣ͭƬûжá
һ죬߳ţ;оһսһλ½ڵӣָй棬¶ܼ
һս߽λ˧ʣͭƬ
뿪շתأصԼŸһƬǻ沼½ƣ漴Աʯףȵıչء
һУȻֹȻȴ۾þ޷ع
Ȼ뵽ʲôһ֣УһڵԲУȴһöͭƬ
򣬳ͭƬ


1012 ԾԵԵ
ǵǧǰĵһţžڵС
ʱͨף͸񣬲ΪʹþӡմȾīȫմȾĹд󺦡
ȡʱҲ˳ŵ֮꣬һҪžڻ࣬ڣЩ˽ˡ
ʯڻ֮ϵףǧǰžڵȷ½ΨһĶţλڵࡣ
ʱڻûгͬһЩССң˭޷žȻȣ֮ף֮Դ
˵ΪſԵŵĲˡգЩңؾеһźбȫϷһգǣ˺ʳԼڡ
Ȼ˵ʳڣΪŽģȷĪĹϵ
ҪģڼʳĵƷţǳԼžڣ칤ɽͨ󷨣ڵĳ쾭ԼȵȣĪˡ
Ȼ⣬ԳⱾƷţ͸ˮ³ʯãм٣ȴҪԼˡ
ھãĳԸ˵Χžڣŵ޳ʵżˮ³ʯԴͨӡʯУʹǿʯ˴ڹ
ȻӲԸŮĸΪӣӦ²Ĺ
ǣ鷽һ£ʵһ£ڻǰԼվƭԼġ
ڣˣΧžڣ˸Լе̰֮⣬Ρ
ǸӰȻУһڣħɭ뵽ǧǰʲôƥħͷ󣬲ˣӦþǵ½磬½ġħ桱Ӧˡ
Ϊʱ½µһڣžڵĴڣԡħ桱Ӧ۽ҪִеļƻӦкܴ谭ġ
ԣΪ˳谭ħ桱Ӧ۲һƲߣüžڲؾڵص䣬θڶԼžڵ
գ˴ţԼʥ֣֮˼žڣԼ
Ψһû뵽ģƾǵʱ˴֮ԼʥʣҲǷˡ
ǵõЩţÿһ˺ܸĹʵǡһ֣ٽͱ֮վȻɹӡǧꡣ
һʼʼδǳеʵˡ
͸ħڱ󵷹½µһڸĳŵɣԸԼʱ⡣
˲䣬֮ڣƺɢ࣬е֮еĳֽڳ롣ףʱڣ򲻻Σˡ
ʣ֮þӡµģٲȼü֮Ժ󾡿취
һͭƬͬ⣬Ƿ
Ȿǵ֮ȥѧʱΪƽ͸ġ
˵ͭƬǼʮǰһ·ϺУżȻġ
λϺ˵Եһңɳɸɮǰ;ִУһǧ
ʱ²ʱպڱ߽ϻսһжʵ߲Ҳûгҵе뷨ǣλϺе롣
λϺҲΪ裬ͭƬƮȻȥֻ뿪֮ǰһһԾԵԵĶչ
Ǿ˼ϺͭƬȴ
ΪϺ˵ͭƬһܣܵǴҪһû͸ͭƬеܡͭƬƽľ֮ܣЩս;УҪõĻ顣
صǣսҲֹͣͭƬûãֽʱ䲻ߣԲŽͭƬ
ֻһֱ֪ͭƬľҲ²λ͸ϾͭƬϺе˭
ڣڻ֮һлȻ
û뵽ͭƬ͸׵ģȻλµһˣǰס֣ʦ
ͭƬȴԼžڵľűϵ伮֮һеǲᡶ䡷ҳеһϡ汦Ǳʦһշʱзֵģѹ˲
ҲΪͭƬʦڣŴʣΪϯӣֺܿһס֡
ɽƬסֺŵõģȻҲܱϡ
뵽˵ͭƬǼʮǰһϺ·ż͸ģ뵽رɮ˵ʮǰʦһʱĴ˭֪ټ
֪Уʦһʱ䣬ǴڻĹȣ˴ҲεĽԡͼ
ͭƬƮȻȥһ죬ȻҲ֮ڣܾӻĹ뿪Ƕʱ䡣
ΪµǾõĽͣԾԵԵĶչ
Եģգй²Ͼһ֮Ե£ǶĪϵ
ףΪʲôоر׽ˣΪʲô֮ǰʱĶͨޱͭƬȻʯ֮ϵĻķ仯¶ͨ
ԭĸʼһҾǣֱǣϵԽԽ
ֻһֱ֪ѡ
ԾԵԵԵֶû˵塣
֮õʦһʱ⶯͵ĳͭƬֽͭƬ͸ڸʱĹȣõʦڻĹʱĽԡͼ
ں׵ؾУõʦǣ˿ܽ޳׾
һеһжˣһңĪǣǣһ̿½ֽӰ졣
Ǻǻк˵
ȻףʯͼѶأʦҹҹĶΪ֪Χžڵ£ΣԲŻʯϣԴԼĵġ
Ϊǲǲ⣬ͻףĪΣ
ԣҪȥµĴƽĽᣬΣն󣬲ܳףͻ׾
ȻԲԲľȱݣȵʱһͻ֮ʱؽʱһ£㣬Ǿ³
Ҳʦ츳ֻԵɹˣȴͷɻˣƿɱ̾
Ȼʦ·˴žڵ£ֻһ͡
ԣڵʦͻʱ֪Ҫǿ˶١
ˣЩʯڻϵֻ֮ħ棬һͻף޳ʦ֮ȥ롰ħ桱һսֹǧħĿռڵ㣬Ŵħ½硣
ʱȣ΢һ֮漴ٴϥתԡͼĹϹеĺ嫷


1013 
Ĳ񣬸βػ꣬Ƣ⣬βǣؾΪʶΪλ꣬Ϊ⣬ΪǣΪǾ
ʣţ壬ǣڰϲŭ֡

ԡͼԴΪֻӴ֮ϣһµľͼǸͼǾ衣
һߴ߶ԡͼĵµľͼתһ߲ǣϹеĽɫԸգϢڷ׳
Ҳ֪ȥá
Ȼһ𣬸оԼΪƺ˳ͻĳƿΪٴǿ֡
ڣ
ȻۣĿĹԼһһıյʯУĿĺâ

£ǧꡣ
չʯУһҹԼգϹеĽɫԸ޲׺Ϊʱһߣ֮ѹħ桱Ӧۣʽ̤
һΣȴһա
ȫڣѾѩѣ̫ϳϡ׵Ĵ£ȫתƵ˱𴦣û硰ħ桱Ӧ϶һ㣬ִеֿսߡ
ħ桱Ӧһȭͬ޻֮һ鲻
ǷŭȫµħȷֲȫѰԱǵټһ֣ܳͳܳϱ
⣬Ϊйŭֱӽȫݻ٣Ϊҽ󣬳ΪһƬ׵ء
Ϣ𾪣ǣڡħ桱Ӧ۵ǿʵȴֻóĬ
󣬡ħ桱ӦҲʲôˣָֻͣһǧĶϳڣֹϣҲȫڰߣֻǧɽϣһռŵʯ
ٴܿգħ桱Ӧ¶֮ɫٺЦ˵ֱհڵţҲ״ݻ٣Ƭ߲
Ҳȥ칤ɽˣֱλħȥ󣬳һ칤ɽˣš칤ԪĴ£Ҳȫʧ٣ʧӰ
칤ɽű٣ǣʣĳԱȴȫ޴ıħȵĳԱѲ飬ӴŴ㣬ƾǵпѲõ
ңУԼɴȣȺСӵĹ͡
Ȼû˳ħȵзֲȥϵȫצЩڵ±ҲϹ˼һ롣
ʧ˴צħȻشֹؽʱ̣ͷá
ԣŵǰߣЩһֱŵķֲȴûκϢ
ˣħ桱ӦȻһսУϵȫ˿ɵ½ƿˡ
˭Ҳ֪ȥǣȻδڣʹѾֻөƺһӣǴھǴڣ֮ԭĵ

һصĿռ䣬ܻɣмأֻʮȴһƵССء
ΧðݾͣԵþӨ͸ɾԷͬһ㡣
ΧСɽСɽ֮ϣһ
Ѿ½ķˣȻһСռ䣬Աڴˡ
һҲĵУ죬һ
칤ɽţǿߣ칤ԪЯԼλɽ
ѩЯ̫ϳϡף콣콣ˡԭ棬̸ϡٽɱȨȡ
ɣʱδɲһ죬ҲĿǰΪ֮ˣװ벽ڵġüˡЦȨݴ֮λ
ɲڶ죬Լһһμӻ飬˶Ƕװ벽硣
⣬˵ػϯӣ֡ɴаɽϯӣӡѪģ¥ΨһҴĺĵߣȣӡ
ڣѾѱ꣬ͼ׸𣬼ûкĵ£һȱȫѵ롣
˵޵磬ˡ
Ȼӣȴһɻֺ񹬵칤ɽš칤ԪЦÿϹ汦ɿռ䣬Ȼ󣬵ȴȷΪҵʱ֮ӣħҲҲ˴ʱɳưȫˡ
ǰ
ڴüˡЦȨԣЦЦӵϾѾ磬˴½ͼħӦ۾йĪ֮ܣҲ벻ڴģȻһռ䡣
Ϲ֮ʱоʿǿռ䣬ʦ¾Ĺ¾磬һ
磬ҲһλϹǿΪԪҲһλ۷ǿߣϧ䣬ɿռ䣬ת֣֮䵽С
ڣ޵ΣȻٱ䣬ǽóøʣȫСĿһݱ׷ɱȴǹֶͬԸħ桱Ӧ۵İ취
Ȼħ桱޵Уǣ޵Ϊ棬ȴ뾡һа취Ҫôϳ磬Ҫôɱٴ
֮ȥȻ
Ȼ칤ɽţԼڴ˵Ļѩѣȴ¶εɫ̾ǰʱȫˣ磬Ѿ֪ʲôˣ
ԣһĬ
Ȼǽףһߣʱ޵Ļ֣ڱ֮¡Ǿţţ޵涪Ʊħ桱Ӧ۵ŭ
ģЩˣԼСţСҡ
أǵڶǳùɡ


1014 ϴԪ
ңҪǣ뿪ǵפأŽִ޷룬ڣѾʢŭеġħ桱𵡾˰ɡ
ЩǴǧĶĲƱҲǾڣȴòˣ̤
ò˵һĪıҲʹ
̾Ϣ˵ǰҲ޿κΣǶȫû޵磬ĳûϣˡڣǲǻȴ½ʱ

ԣһݣֱվڵǳڣѾܴԴȫʱϴԪأඥλµķˣ
״칤ɽšٹԪǵͷڵԴȫֻۣԪؿ̡֮
ԣѩѵ˵ͷȷʱˡǰŲдд䣬ڣ¼ȨҲ˲ôˣ
˵һ٣ٴοڵǧԴǰõһݣʣµĻһλķ֪λΣ
ҳڿλ
칤ɽҲλ
ԣڷ׷׻ش𣬻г԰
Ҳȷڳ˶һڵ̣¶š
֮׵칤ڣ֮ȻֶȻһҲǱȲ˵ġ
ȻûǵԴȴûлȥνɿռ䣬ȻҲȫˣȻλµķ
֮׵칤ɽҲˣں
ѩһЦŤͷѾűڴˣϯӣ֡ɴаɽϯӣӡѪģ¥ΨһҴĵӡ籡ߡ
״˳Ĭһ£ϯӣ֡ɴһ߳һ֣оͶһɫâ˸Ĵ䡣
𣬵Ѿ֪ŽԳפصĳԱ֮⣬ǧȫˣٿһλķ
˻
˲ɵһ
Ȼ˶֪ǧɡŮ֪Žʱ򣬻Դȫڣոǽǰ뿪ϯӣ֡ɴȫߡ
Ҳû뵽Ȼ˴󷽣ֱӽȫϡ
Ҫһ£ʧֱܣǧȫˮƯô
նԡ
漴һ뵽֡ɴһУһֱǸ󣬶һλľǿߣҲȻ
ϡħ桱ӦԳֻ֣ħȣҲû˰ɣˣЩԴϣȫġ
ڣȥѾ£Ѿȷѱ䣬ȫħȵ꣬ʣڣ칤ɽǧλ½ķˣһ룬һ롣
Ѿ߸ˡ
ټϵд칤ɽš칤Ԫѩѣ̫ϳϡףԼսʧ˶֪дġ
ⷽ棬һӾӵʮһλֱǿδеʢ
Ȼ¹ڻҲ׺ľĳһƲӣҲµļ̳ˣǣǰ涼˭ܿԺأ
ڶһЩص䣬˵ħĲҿ֪һЩǧħ飬Ǳ˸ӼУ֪ԣŲϧһдۣºľǧۣҲҪλµķ
ʮһλ֣ħһսһϣ
λµķǳûϣֻ׸ˡ
Ͼֲ磬ֻһϹǿ߿ٵСռ䣬вһ滹ǵѣ顣
ǲԼɿռУۿǧ龡¾ʱʹţҲΪеǸΣһܵǲġ
Ҫǣռôס˵ͷ಻ʮ
ڵȫڴ˴нˣֻǶݾסһ»ãЯԴ㹻档һҪռڳڷȥûãռΪɱˡ
ǣǲòѰҰ취ԾͼԭĿǰʱڴ˴ҲΪ֮߶ѡ
ȵµķһɣȻҪɱȥѰħ桱һս
뵽ˣ˲ڴĿаɽϯӣӡѪģԼ¥ĺĵӣ籡ߡ
Ȼ˿ĿĿȴȻ
Ƭ̣ǡӡѪ߳ĿЩ˼ؿ˵Ǹλ뿪ʱӦǰĺ٣ȺСǰɱħȷֲû뵽ô͸֮ʱδЯκԴ̸λʧˣ
״¥ĵӡ籡ҡͷ¥Դȫħߣ߲һӣʱʸȡŲƸԣЩƸѾȫħˡ

Ȼ֪⣬˵˻ǲһʧ
Ͼֵ˷ǳ֮ʱÿһԴͿܶһλµķÿһλµķнʤһ֣ϣһ֡
ǣȴҲֲ֪ˣ¥Ϊ޵һţħƷ⵱ҹͱˣԴתơ
һССӣպ⣬ǡɶһ٣ԣȻûа취¥ЩԴ
ӡѪĸ˵ö࣬ΪӦ٣žаɽμӽħȷֲ
֮ǰаɽúǣȻʲôԴ뿪Ҳû뵽аɽô츲𣬶ûӦ
٣ȺСӣҲӦûӦڣ뵽ȺСڣӦҲаɽϵЩŸ߲һȫɱһʣˡ
ˣ˶˶ǸĻ֣ԴȴУĿǰ䵽ħ桱Ӧ۵УΪħͨĲһݡ
̾Ϣ֮˾Ͳ
Ŀǰڵڣ칤ɣڣóݰԴ˭ΪǿҲлȨġ
ڲƸñţҲóһݰԴȻҲһȨͻȨ٣ǿ϶һҪġ
Ҳδϣ֮ڡ
ǣʣڣаɽ¥ֻʣӣʵҲڣ޿ɽҲòκԴ
£ΰǣ鷳ġ
Դǣ칤ɵڣ𣬱ϾЩԴǧĲƸƽʱ᲻öãοϸһˣ
ǣֵ˴Σ֮ʱȫʧڷȣûչ˸Ѫ
պ󴫳ȥֻҪ¾ǵģнĿǰؽŽᣬҲһ¡
վڳеѪģߣܵ˵Ŀ⣬ɽһκʧ䡣
ףɿռ䣬ȻҲǣȴû˰λȨڸڷʱȫԼ飬ȴɳȡ㡣
ΪЩԴȷǸò׻ģҲδýںò׻ӴԴŽ֮á
ǣѾ˸ıԵ˾ǸĻ֣ܽҲһ죬ڻ½ؽ
Ⱳ޷֮аǳû䣬ǻȥҲǿʢΪһССв˼ҪϾ
ԴˣȻʣֻÿϣһʱһǵĴ


1015 ඥ
һ
ʣصĹؽʱ̣֮϶˭ԼŶλħ棬ǽʶ༸λͶ༸ݻᡣ
գֳɡ
һɣ֧аɽ¥ӣܲУΪڣ֦ͬѾѾѱ겻ڿ֮⣬ڣΣѹؽʱ̣Ӧһپ٣һ
˴θڹඥµķӦýǺӣӦһͬʣ߷Դͬʹá
һɣͬǰǲ
ΪԼԴӦøԼʹã칤ڣͱҪ˽Ƚ⣬һԼ֧ʹá
ɻʣǵڶռΪǰһݣҲǸڵĳϣǷ̫ˣ
ɣȽ⡣
һΪڳͬȷӦûòͬ棻Ŀǰ޵磬ΣҲȷӦڴʱֱ֣˴ˡ
Ȼںˣ˵Ըħ桱ɿռ䶼ȥԼˣ̸ι⸴ݣ
ԣһȫµĽ飬칤ɣڣָһڸһѡгǩ
ȡһһļʣգ˭ܵõ˭ʧܣȫּ⡣
һ˽һ漴ԲĬȻ
ʣڵһɵլʺûгڶɵ̫飬ԵڲѣֻԺãƻŽ᣻ɵ飬˸󻯣ͬʱ־֤˻֮Žơ
Ȼǩˣ϶ϲãȻʧ䣬ܺùԵһС
ֱóȥʹãԵխͬʱڸŵ
аɽ¥ܵõ֣ǵòҲ޷˵ʲôϾԸóԴѾòˡ
һֱûԷİ壬˵
ԴˣаɽϯӡӡѪģ¥ĵӡ籡ߣȻЩʣҲ֪һزѾǼòٺˣҲȫͷ顣
ҲֻڴԼڳǩʽܺһˡ
Ҫ鲻УҲֱܹˣֻԼŬǿҲδͲؽţٴԻ͡
Ȼ·϶ΪѣϣҲʮСͲпᡣϾ˭ܳΪҪôоԵҪôȫƾԼŬġ

Ѷȷ󣬸ھٲԥ֪ʱΣħħͨпʱɹʱҴ
ǣһҹ֮󣬸õĶԴȫһȻںģǰ֮ؽơ
ǰأԭ֮أҲǸʱʹõϴԪأڣֻóڹˡ
󣬾ǰҩֶѪϡԴȫϡͣϴԪ֮С
˲䣬뵸ǣ˱ǣЩڻ˽ǧĶԴһľϴԪҩĿɲ
ͳǩʱ䵽ˡ
ڵȷ
칤ɽʣһˣ칤ɽϯӣ徳ʿһġḡһ̤ϴԪأܸඥԼԪҩϴ񣬵ȴΪһ̡
ڶˣǳϯӣҶ
Ҳûκ⣬о˿֣ΪȻ
ģûв⡣
ǳϯӣԭ̳ˡ
ڳŮɥɲһ조üˡЦȨݴҪͻƷмλ
Ϊ½ǰĶţĺȻڿ϶Ҫһλǿ򣬲Ȼ쵼Ӵĳڵӡ
ԣҶڶ̤ϴԪأͻƷȻ顣
ͻƷȨλҲҪƽһƽɹڲˡ
ϾüˡЦȨһݴְ֮ʹˣԽģ໹мûϽһ̳ˣϵξ޷ж£̫ࡣ
Ҳ֮ȷɡѩӦѩԪأͻ֮١
µѡһǡѩӦѩ飬ǡͫͫ
˼ͬȼ֮ӣһ徳ʿ֮ףһ֮ͬһȻ츳΢ڡѩӦѩ飬ȴ壬ӵԪʼͫ־ʣһɳǰ̲
Ҫǣ̫ϳϡ׵ͽ۵λӦѩһЩԸ⣬ȫΪȡ̶
գ׻ǾԼͫͫѡ˳̶ˡѩӦѩ飬ԼѡΪѡ
Դˣλ߲㣬ףѩѣ֪ʲô飬ϲǡ
ϲǣµӣܶûǫãڲ϶Ǻ¡ǵǣ츳õĵѡ˳һµĳǩʽ֪ǷܹУûУ̫ϧˡ
ǸڶѾ鶨ʵʣֻɸԳǩо
ΪԼҪάԼȶԣȻܴʱԼԼֻܽܡ
λѡѡ
Ӱ֮硱ʣŮҶɵȣһƾϯӡ֡ɴ
ɴΪϲֻȺԼݸְҵԼʦڽˡ
ֲӰԼҵҪ񣬹ƹͷʤָҵҲֻ롣ű٣ٷϴˣʱ̣Ҫ͸ˡ
ˣ뽻ɡӰ֮硱ʣŮҶͻƣΪǶԼʣȴˡ
Ҳףϯ֡ɴһǧɡŮ֮ǰԸҲΪµ
ʣҶɵȣǸŵıʿܳѣгλͻƷ֮ġ
ǹʣܣֽͻƷѡֻ̳Լգ֡ɴΣֻýΪ֪Σܱ
ԣŵѡʹȷŶǺ޲ȥȴͷǣȴǻȥŵۺ첻ѣȴԼŵӡ
ҲףںƤȥҪţͻƷҲ䲻ͷϣɴƣΪβͬȴøһ˵ġ
ĸ̶ȷǽȺ˳һһϴԪأܹඥϴٽҩֻҪʲ̫̫ͻƷǰ϶顣
ֵҪʱ̣ڸѡһˣгǩʽѡʣһ̣칤ɵȴڵӣѾ䣬ֻʣԼаŵӣԶǲһϢ
֪Ǿǽ˵ʱ̣һһأ˭ҲҴ⡣ֻܼڴ˼ͬĵȴųǩʱ̵ĵ
еļ尾Ϊ֪⼸ڵϣ಻ѰͻƷ䵽Լ˵Уȹȫַˮ
һУҲֻܿˡ
ʱ޵޵ҲȷҪһĳɷݵġʱ˿̣ͳ˾˵Ҫ


1016 ǧħ
ڵıѡˡ
칤ɽıѡһʵȨϵĶС仨ԪףʵΪѨ۷壬װ벽һ֮ңĿǰ칤ɽУḡ֮⣬ǿļλĵ֮һ
ıֻнܡ
ȻΪһ㣬ⶼ⡣ֻҪõλүүȻа취װ벽ϴԪأҲ߰˳ҵļͻƷ
ӦǡѪħָ׵ģϧս䣬ḡ֮⣬칤ɽĵڶվûݸԵ
ڵ˳ԭŮ˵һСϸһɫ֮һ
ڳУҲǽھҶĵӣʵΪװ벽ڣװ벽ֻһ֮ң
δƲġ
ɣϡȻмλɫӣգǵŮΪ츳ȾֲգλڳϻǹͬƱͶ
ͼˣȻѾȷõġͫͫԪʼ̫ͫϳϡ׵ͽܣ徳ʿϵ֮һ
ѡΪѡûκ˿˵Ļ
еᣬڷʺҶ֮룬Ͼͬɫ
󣬿ǵ˾̳˵ݡؽҪһǿսţ˾˾ĵλɶҡջѡ˷ʡ
аɽ¥Բ˵аɽȻΨһϯӣӡѪģ¥ΨһҴĵӣ籡ߡ
Դˣȷǩʼ
һһǰȡֽеһ͸Բ򡣴򿪣һдһ֣ǡѡǡ񡱡
õѡֵˣ˲ϲ񣬴дõֵģȴһʱٰʧ䣬Ȼ˲þԣ鱯ࡣ
˻ϲʧ䣬ԹŽȻ
ɹѡϴԪأܸඥϴ޾ԴΪһηģֱ˾˾Ӱ֮硱ʣ󡰻׵ĵӣϹŵ塰Ԫʼ֮ͫͫͫԼаɽϯӣӡѪġ
칤ɽ֮仨Ԫף󱲡ϸԼ¥ĵӡ籡ߵȣȫѡԲᡣ
磬һ׼׵֮һ£֣صġḡȥ£ֻһϮɴ£뱻ػеϴԪأܹඥ
ΪŮӣԱѩΪඥۣںããУһԾϴԪأ˲ʧӰ
֮๾ࡱ޴ɫ·ܵһ㣬ڷ롣
ḡϵϢ֮ǣ·𿴲һ㡣֮УԪҲһ˲ܵγɹ˳߾£
ֲ࣬˾ϲ
ԶԪ֮⣬޴ĺڲĻ֮£һµ칤ɽš칤ԪЦںˣϲӺءʹպһսʲô⣬칤ɽҲˣ
һԣڴüˡЦȨԣҲЦŵϲϲʹˣֿŬձؽʣ칤ɽһ¥
㼪ԡ
һЦǣЦϣ칤ɽţ칤Ԫźܱߣɻ֮磬ͫȴҲ¶ɫ
ඥһ֣ȫϣʮգ⻹ûиǹ̾ʱ䡣֪ħ桯Ӧ۵ħͨеһˣϣü
ϣɣ
ڴüˡЦȨԣҲֻе̾һɫ
ʮգǽӽº
µʱ䣬ħͨ½вڣ㲻֪Ҫϼټǧˡ
Ϊڸ߲㣬Ȼ֪ײӲ֪ܡͨӻΪħ桱Ӧֻһ˶ѣͽһѡ
ֻԼףԷվһǧħԼλλλħ
ħͨһɣħ½磬˵λٶ߰λԷһֻλħеġ
ԣһֶֻ룬ֻɹħ֮ͨǰݻ٣ħ桱Ӧɱһвü
ƫƫΪƿֻţǻȥ˸ڸ߲㣬Բ֪ѹȫѹ⼸С
˿̣УҲֻôˡ

½ǣԭʳĵ۶֮ڡ
գ˴Ѿ׳Ϊħ桱Ӧһ˵
յʹ죬ƪժȥ»һµ֣ǧħ˷·ͼһľʯֱ졣
;סǧħĺԺһ޴ĵ¹С
˿̣¹Уħȸ߲ۣع룬Ѿĸɫϴħء
һµġʤѩһµġƷ桱а䣬ħ֮һķŮۣԼϯӡаȫվڳ⡣
ʤѩƽЩʲôƷ桱аɫᣬԼ촽ɭȻƺ뵽ʲôʹ컭档
ŮԼϯӡаŶĸɫħأ۾лһ˿ɵ


1017 ƻ
һīۣϢɭȻġħ桱Ӧۿǰɫħأ򡰽ʤѩˣڵ׼ô׼˾ȥɣǺľԴ׼ġһУϴħඥǶͻƷֻ֮ǴӴԺ󣬱ħ֮
潨ħͨħ½磬ǰ׼Ѿȫ׼ãֻǻҪλǿǬˣˣ˲űѡСǵҲǵĻԵܲܰգ㿴Լˣ
ǣ
ԣʤѩһݣ漴ٲԥͬʱһԾȥ£Ծħɫħء
һ˲䣬ֲ֣˵ӰʧŨŨУˮ޵˻𣬻Ƶʹ
ϴħඥ޾аħ֮һ˱ؽò䣬ˡ
Լѡ񣬲òΪҲΪɾͷ븶Ĵۡ
һԣڲϻʥ״˹Сıʥˣռ侧ʯѾȫλֻȷ˷һɣʼʥ򡣵ʱ£ǵˡ
ħ桱ӦԣһЦĿͷ޾֮ĳ漴ԣɲǵģԡѪħ˵ġ
ǣǣǡ
ϻʥԡѪħ֮಻ɻһ¶֮ɫ
ٲҶ໰С˼վħһ·ϴħأ۾ӹһ˿źڴ
ǧħ򣬾ħһ㰴λλλ⣬ǿվħȣΪȽס
ԼĵȼУȴԴƺˣгν
λħ֮Ϊħλħ֮Ϊħλħ֮Ϊħֳħ
ħ֮Ϊʥħǿվħ֮Ϊħ
ħ桱Ӧ۵Ķͷ˾һλλħǧħųơԡѪų֮ΪԡѪħ
ϲҵ½֮Բﲻǵģλԡħģֻǽ
ϻʥƨĵϣҲ֪ħԼУ϶Ҳ뷨ȴǲҶ໰
ֶ˼ҴȣҲҺҲϣôĶ֪

ʱţתѾһȥ
ʤѩƷ桱а䣬ŮۣаȣѾȫϴħг
ȫĿȫǣʤѩԭʵݲ˱ЩɭţƷ桱аϵаϢŨˣֱӺ۸壬Ŀˡ
ŮԭԼʧˮͰһֵΧ˸Ǳóޱȣа׻Ϊһħˡ
˲ҲвСļͻƷǣħǰķԸ˭Ҳ
Ҫôӣħ֮ͻƷҪôΥֱӵܾĥֻҪɵס
ϵϢҲǿ˲ֻȫɹħ桱Ӧۼ״Цһӣץǧ֮һºʹѪ죬ħͨӭħ½磡
ǣ
ԣϻʥϵȣ޲ɫһ䣬ɫЩѿһԣֻȥ
Դ֮½뵽һֲħС
û˰ΪԼħ桱Ӧ޼ɵǲµץʿȫѺʹĻ
ιز£͹ԭ˾ĽľˮУٲ͹ΣλǲǾֱڻʳ֮¶֮һȦЩȫȦУ˭ҳֱɱ
ΪΣĪǡ
ֲһĻĻ½Ĵݣܶׯȫգڷ߸ɱۣһʮʮա
Щȫϵʳ֮Уµ𣬺ܶаħ˳ôңѪˮӵȾʺ죬ʬǶѳɸɽƬĺѻɢ
һ޴İ˽μ̨ѾʹǰĹ㳡ϿٶţõĶīĲϸһϡޱȣʯаǣﾧ裬Ѫī
̨룬һȭͷͨ徧Ө͸ƺǧµĿռ侧ʯУɢĿĹâֻʽ۹㳡Χǧ֮꣬Ѫܳ忪ͷĿռƣ򿪿ռͨǧħħ½硣
޵磬ߵΣʱ̡
ʱɿռе칤ɽڣȸڸ֣ƽ
ΪǰϴԪأܹඥġḡҶѩӦѩ飬֡ɴͫͫȣȫأһԽ˷ʦ֮
ȻǵľеֻͣǷڣΪ̡ʱҴ޵ѾΣʱ̣ǵȲˣҲûȣֻǰء
һս١
ڷһʮˣΪﵽѨϵĵӣȫɳ磬Ŵη֮ģ޷˵̬ʹķ򼲳۶ȥ
âƿգڲڻۡ
һս籣棻һн޵·


1018 ħͨѪ֮
ʱ䵽һʱ֣̫ҵʱ
ৣৣৡ
ǧħУ˲ӳһϢǿӰħ桱ӦۣϻʥŮۣպãֽϣʤѩƷ桱а䣬а
һˣϺ²ȫʮԼ̣ʹӰڣ˽ͼ̨Χˮйͨ
ħ桱Ӧһݣ͵˰˽ͼ̨ռλˣһ䣬ֱռݵأˮȰԷλһߣ
ʼ
šħ桱Ӧһ£˲䣬Ѫţֲʹ޵÷ָһĻˡ
һȺȺ˫֣һӴһ𣬷·һǧ򣬺ѹѹƼݣвɫȺħȵĳԱںţ·һȫϵ̨վá
ǧڣ㳡£ܱߵᶼ֪˶ټ䣬ǿɡ
ǧ˽һľȻ͵ı飬ȻЩʱգҲ֪ܹٿܹĥѣܵ˾޴ĥû˰ǵ˿
ħûô෿ӹǾס㽫ͬһȦţԺ˺ڴ֮ͥ£Ŀտʼϰߣͽľ
죬Ѿʧȥ˼ֻ֪ˡǾŲŲǾͣ£һϺ޹ʡ
Ϊ˵Ϊ˵ĽΪ˵ԣѾ׶ˡ
ȴǵģǽţǸµһĻ
ħ桱ӦۼǧѾ룬ʱһЦȻһЦȴޱɭȻ
һֻȥڼ̨ģ˲䣬̨棬·Ѫһ磬ȻͬʱȻɢĿĹ⡣
Ѫ磬ͬʱż̨·ӣȻ㳡Ҳֳ˰˸ݣ漴˽ͼ̨Ͽյİˣͬʱ߶Ƴһ١
䣡
µħӿ˵ڼ̨Ͽջһ𣬲γһڵĹ
ϳȥԽԽߣһҪĻ
Ȼʹ˶Ƿһλصѹ֮ϾԵֿǧ׺󣬾ͽû
ʹͬʱӴ߹׶͵ͨ죬޲ýԼÿһֵȫѹեعƻüԿ⣬θߵǧ׾͵ޣ޷ˡ
ڹ֮䣬ȴ޷񷣬ԵЩС
ڴʱħ桱ӦۺٺһЦһȣ𣡡
˲䣬̨·Ѫţǽ£Ѫ״ͬһʱųĿĹ⣬ȥչ׳
վϵЩƽʿȻͬһʱ䷢ҽУ䵽ĵطȫͬһʱ޺ɫ·
һ̣
šħ桱ӦһȣЩճȾɫ·ˣǿѵƤޣͬһʱ䱬ըѪй鲼ҷɡ
һӣپǧһ뱬ΪѪѪƺǹСɫͨҲɴһ˿Ѫɫ
ڹ˲ٴϳ˽ǧףͣ£Ѽ̡
ٱ
ħ桱ӦĮ˿ϧ㳡ڶෲ˵ֱǿѪ֮
䣡
һΣʮһ뱬ΪһŨɢѪƣŹ㳡Ͽյڹ£ȥȻڹٴǧףֹͣ
Ȼħ桱ӦһߣиͬʱѪ㳡
Զܿ㳡֮ϣȫһʵĿֲѪš
Ѫ̫࣬ʵһѪƣԲʮѪϿգһڹһͷֱϳ죬ƺҪ񷣡
ҪҲҪܣ
ܡ
Щϵ㳡ˣ˲־ֵһĻЩ˲侪ѣͷƤ䣬п־嵽˼㡣
Щ˶ʱҪܣɫķΧܵ硣
ǣػЩħȳԱ׼˭ܳȦӣͻᱻǵɱӻش֮С
Ҫǣ㳡ܣһɲĽͬĻһ㽫ȫȦУȻħȶڴĻԤϣĻǷܣġ
ڹ㳡ϵˣһЩʵʵ΢ķˣʿӵù˿µĽƣʱȫΪϵ⣬׸
šħ桱Ӧÿ˵һ֣ʮͬһʱ䱬㳡ѪƾٴŨһ֣Ѫ罦Ҵϣϣ˼ˣ˲ˣȴӲѣɡ
ʱв˶ĵõŻ£ͬʱˡ

ɱɱɱ
ֲļ㳡𣬵ȴ΢ԽԽ˻ΪѪΪħͨ
ʣˣһĻĻ̼˵Ŀֲ֮£ҲòˡһãȻҲԽԽ
˼ı裬½ǧ겻Ĵ٣˾Ǿ
˭أ
ʹ̨Ͽգһ䵱ħȴֵϻʥŮۣȣҲЩɫĵ㺮
ڸտʼҲδ뵽нһĻʱ˳Ҳˡ
Լ˺ͱ˵֮ȽϣǻѡԼˡ
ΪѾΪ˺͡ħ桱Ӧһϵƣʹٲ̣ٳɣҲǲòӴߵô󲻶ɱмټǧʳ
һ߾鳤壬Ϊ˳Ѫƣʳǣһ̳ΪѪ
׼˽ǧ֮ڣħͨѾ׵ִ񷣬Ϸһǧ״һ˸ŵĽڵ㣬ɢŴĿĹâ
ǾǧħĿռڵӦͨĽӽ˸âٻͿˡֻҪħͨͨ½ǧħõĴͨ㽨ɹ
󣬽ԴԴϵľħ⴦ħͨ½磬˵
ħ桱ӦУѾ¶һ˿ϲɫӴ߾һʣǧһ׼״ħͨоħ½硣
ʱӺи˵ص칤ɽڣڸ֣ڸ˴
ôôôҰ
⿴Ƿ·һ㳡ȫʬʬƬڵȫŭ۾ˡ
漴ڳֱӾһ㳡֮ϣ̨Ϸǰ˸Ӱɱ˹ȥ
ɱɱɱǶǧв֮
ɱ
칤ɽš칤Ԫ񣬳šҶšѩѵȣȻҲǱչصʱգ½ϵֻ²ùҲû뵽ôңộﵽ˾޷ܵĵز
һ̣Ƿŭģʹģ۾Уȼųŭ档
Ҳ˲ʲôƻֱͣӳż̨Ͽյİɱ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪ʱȣáħ桱Ӧٽ㳡ʣǧѪħͨͨʱʹǰڳǿͣ׼ȫս֮ߣȵͷǧħľħһ½磬ȴǵҲǻˡ
ˣһ¾ҲҪֹħͨĹͨ


1019 ȺսȺħ
˲Ϣɱ硣
ȻһĻħ桱ӦȴֻǺٺһЦˣ֪һҵģԤŵˡ
ɱ
һȻ䣬㳡ܱߵݶϣǽں󣬴ڣһ¾װӰֳǿӲװȫר޵߻Ԫ
䣡
Ŵͷһ֮Щ˺ԥһԣ֮˸⣬ֱӽеļʸӭڸ߲͵ǿȥ
͡
Ӱɽ顣
һ̣Щ޵е֮ӣҲɸеͷƤ飬ͷһݣԭ嶯Ѫ࣬ɵһʶس֡
Ȼ֪ûãϣֵܾһЩ
Ⱥ칤ɽš칤Ԫšѩѣ׵ƷԼḡҶλ½ķ
ʮλڴˣôԼⷽûʽսʧһ󲿷֡
ˣ칤ɽš칤Ԫһȣֱʩչڤе־һ޴ϻƵĳھܱ׷Χļʸ¡
ѩҲʾŪ׺һᣬֱӾڰպᱧǰȻһ
ƿէƣһ¶Ȼ֮ǰΧԪȫͬʱһȻ͡һɢ顣
ɫľʷĩ׷Ʈ£ͬһꡣ
ֻԲڰһεɫĺһֻڴɫǰмʸȫУȻ飬ԼͬҲ֮ˡ
ḡҶȣҲǸչͨȷ鳯Լļ֧Ҳ˵¡
ʮλһ֣ж£
ЩԪȻǲ䵽һ֮ڣͷϼ죬ȫҪôھ£Ҫô飬Ҫôˮ룬ӣû˺ڷɹĵκһˡ
һĻȻڡħ桱Ӧ۵Ԥϵ֮С
ֻһЦ̨֮ϵ˿ڵͨѾҪɹбڴѾ㹻֧ţֱסǡֻҪٸһʱ䣬һ֮󣬿ռͨȻͨʱǵڣ
˵꣬һ٣ɫϧһдۣҲҪסһ㣡
ǣ
ԣ΢ԥһ£Ƿ׷׳Լơ漴תߵ⣬ֱ֮зǰʮλȥ
ħպãֳƷɱڷ֮ף칤ɽš칤Ԫ
һսûдһսطʤ
ħŮֳۡƷаȣӵƷŪ׺ٵ֮ѩѡ
ѩѹŴ򣬼ûжٷ֮
ѾͻƷ༱СֳƷѩеķŪ׺һԾɵһأȴռϷ磬ʹ֮һս֮ܡ
˲ħħ֮ҲǬ֮ϻʥֳƷ飬򡰻ףԼߵŮӣҲͻƷġͫͫҪһж
ȻͬΪڣϻʥľѷһӵƷûУͫӵС
һսδʤ赲һʱǿ϶ġ
Ŀģһʱ䣬ȡħ桱Ӧ۳ɹͨ½ǧħ֮ͨħ½磬ʱ򣬾ǵڡ
һγŮһսԪˣȥһۣʵֻ۷ʱڵʮ֮ġ
սЩ֣ĿһһۣϻӣѩӦѩ顣
ʤѩðƬϢȻתˡպýڵħ̽ħߴ֮ᷨףḡ
徳ʿϣ˾Ķ֣գḡһõһ֮λųơ𡱣ʤѩӵڶΪ𡱡
ڣͬΪʵǣٲԼħϢɷһսİٱ
ΪԭļμƷѾΪӲʵˣ˸;УһӣкȻ߱һСС𽣣š
˽¼֮ȻһУ߽ȻѾȫ룬Ҳ֪ǱʧĹ½ǴӺδҵ
Σ߽֣ӳԳԽѰμƷƷսǱǡ
ḡҲ徳ʿʤõĽƷǬɾټ칤ɽһļ̳ˣͻƷϿ϶칤ɽƷ
һʤ븺˭˭һʡ
һߣһµġƷ桱а䣬ϺӿյƷǹĺĹâλζ䣬磬ǱߴᷨУʵλ֡ɴӰ֮硱ʡ
Ҫһжסǡ
ı飬ԲǴסǣʱڽ֡˺ܿ棬սһ𣬼ҵݷᣬҳײһֲı
ав֪ʱһµ̹ת󣬺ȻһƷ
ԭ㵶һƷڽƷԲݺθڡ
ԼԭʹõǱ͸һƷˮ⵶ԼʹõǸΪǿڱ컯
ֳּƷаıʵǡ
ٺЦλζһɣӪУһ£ֳȻġҶ
޵˫赣Ϊ޵󶥼ŵϯӣΪλ൱һҶ֪Ҷ񵶹ӡаǽֵĻ⡣
˱ȲһݶӵġİϻḡҲԶԶŵϯӣͬʱ֣ͬʱ̸ۡǣԼУȴҲʱ֮ġ
˭ǵڶ˭ǵ治˵Ȼ˽Ͼ
ֻһֱаı֣ҪѷڡҶһ֮ǰˣǱ輫徳ʿͬҲˣһֱЩ
ڣͻƷҶҲͻƣµüƷ֣롰Ҷʹһսӡ֤ѣͬʱҲҪ޵УһֱѷڡҶĴ˵
ڱ˵޵˫赣ȻҲָ£ǻһƺֻǣУȴǳ衣
˲УҪΨҶ޵УҪ˵ʲôӱ֮ˡ
߶Ծţ˲սȫ汬㳡Ͽգʮ׽ɱֱ÷Ƽ䣬رɫ
ڷУΨһˣӡѪءȻҪȥȥħͨȴļ̨£ħ½ʮͬʱγһ޴󷨣Χ
Сѣ
Ȼаɽ𣬵ѳɾͷȻаɽǶϱˣҲûġʮ벽ûмλܷС
ҲãȽǣ
뵽ˣ˷ԼӭʮĽػҪȽǽ


1020 ˫
һӴ߱ռϷ硣
⣬ӵʮλħһֻλ
Ȼڱ棬һѷɫħȣֻһƷƷħȴӵľߣлһƷɱ
ڸ߶սϣȴ֮һ
̶ֳȵĴսһλر𣬸Ҫ˵λ˿ɲˡ
˴սһ칤ɽš칤Ԫԡպá
˽ԽĹߵ˼¡칤Ԫʩչͨ󷨣ʮϹ޵Ӱ̹Ŵһ£ն·һѣֳµƻ
ǡպҲС۷սȻȡ칤ԪȽףϣһһĿֲ춴
вתɢǿԶΪڵӺħȳԱղסеճһӰӵģȫӰ졣
˲䣬ٽǧĳ̵ӲԶ˼ǶƬȫԶԭУ·Ͷһ㣬뵽ǳ춴֮УȻһ˲㱻ɹˮ
ϵϢ˲
̽ħҪɴܷǿս˴ڵԼħȳԱֹˣжٳһ򼸼һӾͳõս
УǱڵڱɱŶĿâ£â磬һ£ʹ칤ɽԪʵҲɸе𺳣ò˱ܡ
֮ս칤ɽš칤ԪΪߣԳƷɱħպãȻ·磬ֻǿֲܡ
ڶսħŮۡѩѡ
죬
ħŮۡ󣬳һֻ޴ķӰͷβ걳򢣬Ƿ칦˹ı
Ӱ֣һԾŮƴһӣеǱаɽڱа֮ϣħͷƺͬһʱ˹Ȼſһ¡
࣬࡭
һһа޵һǿ³˲ٶǧ䣬γһһ󣬳ŶġѩѸǶ
һճϣԲʲô£ϾаɽڱаȣͲʲôĹаֶǿ
һУƾǼҵ³
ǣѩΪǰ֮һͬΪڵһаɽڱȻûйע֪ô
죬̾
ϣ˲ֲֿɫЩɫȫע˫ʮָ֮УڻеķŪ׺һ󼱰Ρ
ֲķ磬ˡ
ͬԶ˲Ϣ䵽ǰƽһǧɸߵˮĻŮ֮䣬зɹһһճˮ㱻ߣ˲䣬ɢ
ˣǧת߾ˣ
ѩٰΣŪ׺֮ϳ漴ߵгһɫˣ·һֻƣſ߸޴ָݺݵسķŮ˹ȥ
磬ƾˣķŮȻѾͻƷҳƷ֣Ͼ½˿ֲֶΣɱɫæˡ
һˣƶٶᣬǴڳ׵·磬ֻܱ޷ַ
֮սʱѩѵĶ֣ڣȻͻƷȴ֣ԼսʤѩѣھԵ·硣
ŮһʱɱŭӣֺԽˡ
ʤԽԽ˳ѹ
ȻҪʱڻܣɱҲ̫ܣֻܾϷ硣
һ棬ϻʥԡ׺ͽܡͫͫһ˶󷨵ӵжƷսҲλĶ֣һʱֻ֧ܿţٰ֧穡
ֽϣʵ۱ҪԶʤӦѩ顣
ϧˣս𣬼ʹɻǷΪֳƷ컯ȻֳֻƷѩġѩӦѩһСƽ֣·硣
ɫֱ޵ݣԽԽǱˡ
ʤѩԡḡٴ徳ʿʱδһսһսǴõǵ
ʤѩ̽ħȻΪպãҲСܱ߰׷ΧڵһЩΪԼ׾٣ͬʱת߽ɱƵмܡ
̫ſֲԣأ̫ȴţᶳĵη塣
Ƚ𽣴һѹ£ǽ𽣿籡⣬伲ǣֱԼ۾ֻܲò²ܡ
߽鶯ߣ׻𽣷ѵ½ȴܸı֮սĳʹսƫ򡰽ʤѩһһʱ䣬ӦôƵϷ硣
ǣϾȱĵĽ֮һ𽣣˽ټϣḡѹʤѩǶ徳ʿް֮λǵУ
ֻ˫ֱַһһУоͳһͨڣмɢĹĹƷҹ
ҹһ֣˲ͼתֵ߽һһĹĹ
֣Ǹһͨ˽ǣâתİžžһ֣˲佫ʤѩ̫ŵ֮ȫУȻâһ£һͬӲӵĹϬƥ򡰽ʤѩ
֮ʩǼƷǬɾҲǵ徳ʿϣḡõһõռ
գΪ˶Ըʤѩ״á
ҹǬɾô
ʤѩһĻɫҲΪһ˿񲻱䡣
ֻһӣ߽Ȼһһβνһβͬһ㣬ΪһⳤӣŶġḡƺƵȻȥ
߽һ
Сǰҵ°ܽգҲ⡣
ḡĮֳǬɾȻǰһһɫ⣬ɺ磬ͳǽⳤӽػȥ
칤ɽڹͨ󷨡ͨһ
ͨ󷨣ֻһɼؼ䣬ԪȻǽɫ۶ȥԽԽʢȻͬһգصʤѩĽ𽣳֮ϡ
䣡
һĿɲ𣬽𽣳ɢ𣬡ʤѩƺһǳһɺѪ
һ·磬ˡ
ŶġḡҲȥǵѪзֳһĨܺãͻƷ֮󣬵һˣҼסˣ
һУȡ
䣬ݶ̣϶ȻðִƬƬĳ⡣
棬һһ޴ƺصĺڶǰɢ߱𽣣ȻͬʱһȻη֮ɫģһУ˲飬Ϊ˹Ľӿ롰ʤѩ
һ̽ٷն
һĽɫ齣Ϣشͷٻ㵮ȻЯأһеŶġḡһն£
棬ḡսսеһֳ֮ɫΪܵв
û뵽ʤѩ˾˲ϧۡ
߱ԽǷͬΣΪϡ֮˵ӦҲΪҪ
û뵽Ϊ˶ԸԼȻ䵱ͨһȫˡһ̽ħȻһľ磬һȻͬΡ
Σˣ


1021 ľ
Ϊ徳ʿް֮λ½޵һḡ
ԼˣһݣУ氵žǬɾһȻתһɫĹĻ
ḡУͬһ޴Ľɫ룬СȴҪԼƷǬɾ֮ԡʤѩһǿᵽεȳ̶ȡ
䣡
һ£ḡܱǬɾɵĽɫĻһʱɢͬ⵽һžʯײɶ
ڰգŹ±һ飬Ѫɫ԰ף˴
ǣСˡ
ḡһܣȼҵĻ棬ʲôѡ
૵صʩչһʽҲ޺ˡ
䣬˫ֽӡǰ
һ꣬˫Ŀʱһеʿٵȥƺ걻һ㡣ȴһɺƴ׺Ϣ֮ϻɢ
һ̣һͦվñֱȻͬһһ㣬ǿֿµϢ
һ۾һ˫ıס˶תġʤѩȻȫͬˡ
ǣ
棬ʤѩһ㶣漴뵽ʲôɱЩѿ
ˣ칤ɽУйûЧֻһֽ칤ɽڹͨ󷨡һܴﵽֽһЧ
Ϊ˵ֻһֻٻ鸽սǿ󣬵ĺ֢Ҳء
칤ɽ̣֮򶼲ʩչΪϡ
û뵽ΪԼˣ֪УḡȻڴʱʩչֽ
ǰḡ칤ɽţȻûʸһ
ڣͻƷ칤ɽŵĲѡ칤ɽ칤ԪȻٽͨ󷨡޵Σʱ̡
ͻƷʱ칤ɽžͽ칤ɽڹͨ󷨡ڣپ϶ʽȻҲС
ڣõ⻯洫ġḡȴʤѩоΣˣΪҲȷḡٻһжǿʵ
ǰһ̣ʤȯգ緢һ̣ǿλʤת޵Ĳпᡣ
һ̣˭Ҳ֪Ρ
Ʒ桱аλ֡ɴ͡Ӱ֮硱ʡ
ͻƷ֮аʵܴʮħһ죬ѾһĵƷ½׹
Ҫǣ仹ѧаɽڱ䣬аĵ䡷һݣƷ
ľ
ֻ˫۶Ȼɫˮһɫаɭĵؿ֣ᷨɴͷʡ
طȻаɽʱаɽɽ֮һźǧʩչطҲаĵһݡ
ľǺ칤ɽĻһȼаޱȣһʩչܿ꣬׸ܣֻҪֿľĴڣܱһûκʶֻ֪Ŀܱ
γһֻˣʮ˵Ŀܴݳ޿赲ֱǿޱȡ
ҺãľһԲаܰ쵽ġаɽɽҲûмܴﵽ־磬Ŀǰֻܿһ˵꣬ѹƣй
ˣҲʮֿˡ
Ϊаɽ֮ʱˣпסˡźǧĵ꣬Ȼûκη֮£һ߽ǳֱаѪȵ˶¡
źǧĿаɽɽ֮һʵֽ֪û
ȻƾʱʵɱǧĻпܣףɱûܡ
⣬ǶĿ¡
ڣһжа֪ƾԼʵ޿󷨵Ķ֣һʩչľսپȻǰȥˡ
ǣСɴͷʵʵСǵǻۡ
аɽһ£÷зɴͷʼʹû룬Ҳ٣Ȼ֪ааɽľ֮¡
˼ɫԼɨ˵Ыתͷܹӡ
漴ɴʩչŵƷɹеʮʽа䷢ʩչĻʱ䡣
Ӱ֮硱ʩչɹеѵˮ˷·һ磬а䲻ϷɧԵĹ
ٶȼѵˮٶȸǼһȫʩչ˼ֱȷ绹죬Ӱӻ׽Ӱ֣֮ʵ
˺Χа䣬й޹֮ǲӡ
һʱڣ˿ɱܣδʤа䣬Ҳκβˡ
ҲףŵڹɹƷײаɽڹаĵ䡷Ĵڣа䵱Ϊаɽɽߡǧɾԭֻõаĵһݶѡ
֮ġаĵ䡷ǲȫġ
ǣ֡ɴ롰Ӱ֮硱ʣȻ֮ǰûѧɹΪħ̤ţ֪űΪ֣ǧɡŮɴʵż츳ߵĵӴߡ
һߣΪնɽŵģԣǧɡŮеĲƸȫ˴һߣڹɹȻҲڡ
һģĵƷн׹ɹ
ʣƷˣοܵвһȱƷķڣ
ааĵȷֲֲ̫˼鴦˺һСУŬȫϣԲȫаܣֻǳѡ
ۼ˷ܣѸٽսǲܣаΣҲֻľԼƷǹ
һ·磬֧穣ֻżʩչһοľˣǿֲܣûκȥ֧Ԯˡ


1022 ̤һͨ
аԡҶȻֶһƷǣվЩ̫Դˡ
ҶʵȻͬΪڣս򣬶ս츳ãԱǿһء
ʹΪɲǱƷȻûлǿĽǴ˽Ѿͨ飬ϰߡ
ʱڣóȻܲսƩͬʱġа
һȫʹָһƷһǳε֣İļƷȻޣȴֲǵܷӳ
ԣȴķ֣롰Ҷ֮ľ룬ûΪ͸СԽԽˡ
һУУУУС
Խ򣬡аԽǷŭԽ򣬡аԽƣٴеķŭƣرʧͿ־塣
ͻƷʹüƷǾҶĶ֣Ⱳӣϣ
ˣɥֻӦУҶȴԽԽ˳֣еȻһȦһȦĽۣ֡аȫ£ֱֻнеķݣûκγеĻᡣ
ʤ֣֮һĿȻ
һսʮԡӡѪġ
ȻʮʵҲҲѨڣװ벽Լһнװ벽ĶڣӡѪǽ˷ڡ
ٶҲҧ󣬸οЩϻࡣ
ʮǳӡѪļ״Ŀһ䣬һ֣жʱһͨʺĳȻһƷѪ
ѪԭȵıһƷĳѩϧ徳ʿϣսͫͫʱֱӱԪʼͫȥһѷͭ
ѪĴӴʧȥֶֻܿԵУʴܡ
˴ںУ˳ǩһԽϴԪسΪ֣˴γսȻٿֶԵС
֮ʱ칤ɽŴ칤ɽУѰһƷѪʱʹá
ΪһǿߣʹһƷȻǲϸģҲҪμƷһģǼƷ벽
õĵûôҵаɾͷ֮Ϊ滻ġˮ⵶ѡ
ΪյõԼŵڱ컯ˮ⵶ʧȥãԲ滻͸а
ԣټһ꣬ƷҲмպǼƷģҲһˮ⵶ѡ
ģҪôǽҪôȴûеࡣ
ԣаӡѪȻûôˡ
ʹ칤ɽµһڣóƵֹѣҪôѾ˻ҪôԼʹãʣʮһ
ģܴﵽƷֻʮ֮һܴﵽƷģǰٲһѪѾеٮٮˡ
ڴμƷͼƷ칤ɽв٣ǵ࣬ˣҲֻܴպŸѪá
ҲŵֻҪ޵ܵѴ˴δѣ˶Ҵ棬칤ɽӦȥ֮ضϧһдۣҲҪѪһƷΪ
ԴˣѪȻлҲûʲô
ѪѾԭǱѩǿ֪٣ʹƷҲǼȣ޽ӽμƷԹԡ
ҶĿǰֻʹһƷһѾŵĵӣȻҲǱ֮ܲ⣿
ѪΪ⣬ӳսѷһμƷ
硰ҶõѡȴѡʹȻΪԸʮʺʹöѡ
ˣӡѪûж룬ֳѪͳŷɹʮӭȥ
֪ʱȣħͨʱпܳ׹ͨԼΪΨһһû̫ǿصķܱʮסѪһϳʹǿ

ֻһȣѪѩһݺᷭ˶ȥ
ͣͣͣͣ͡
ӭʮûü֣Լ֮ϣȻһѪߡ
漴پˣͬһʱ۾Բ溧ȻȥʺȴҲԸˡһϢ󣬡ͨͨԵڵأͬʱ
һʮ
ʮͬʱɫŲһͣһȥ
ߵô
ӡѪļ״һЦаɽȻҲûµĴС֮Ҳ㹻ӡ
ȻҲܴӾҿҵаɽд滻а䣬Ϊаɽϯӡ
ԣû뿪һݣеѪת
նһ
磬һ£ܵˣ뽩ӲסˣȻͬһʱ䣬һΪѪҺʮףһͨһ
δɷ뷨֮Ĳֲ࣬ģʮѨϵĶ֣ڸճɷġӡѪ£Ҳ֧Ųغϡ
½ħʮȫ
漴ӡѪüһԶսߴսţ֪ǽԱס޷ʱֻܿԼˡ
Ҳԥһݣ˾ͻΪһѪ磬ŲԶħͨɶȥҪƻֹ䳹׹ͨǧħľħ½硣
Ȼڴʱ䶸
ⵢһСڣǱļ̨Ϸħ桱ӦҲ֪˹ؽʱ̣ڹͷǧħڵѾֻ׾룬ŤͷһԶʮ˿ɵġӡѪģԼ߷ݶۿϵ
ȻԼƽʱһƾֹؽʱ̣ƫƫԼҪȫάħͨĹͨһ˿һķһţܾҪǰ
ɺޣһȺ
𷨵ȫڸ߲סһʮȴһסӡѪķֺ
Ѫʮ֮ʵȴԼ̫
Ѿһǧ꣬һξʧܡһҧ޺һţȻ¶֮ɫȻ˹žžһĴ졣
Ȼ˥ȥԭѾҪָ۷˲׺ڣȻֵڡͽ׳ڡ
һ½С磬ǰڹȴһ˲ڹⱩǣ׾һ˲ڹһ˲ͷǧħĿռڵһ
ڹڹţͷϿЦ
£ħȳԱڸ߲һʱ㲻̧ͷ漴ڹռڵͨһаֲ׳Ƭ֣ѹѹһ𣬺ֹǧͷͷ
Ща·ɽӿɼͷᤴ۾о㲻¶̰˷ܺͲ֮ɫ·𿴵һɿڵĴͣһȲһҪڹ½á
Ӵһף·ڱ˰Ƭգһ˫ѪɭӣÿһֻС½
ϵϢʹ֮ң͸ħͨһ˿Ծڳڸ߲ǵ˹ȵס
ΪϢֻһ˿֮һҲǵ˿ֿԵ˼
·ֻҪһĿ⣬ǱҪȫƾ׸
λħ
һ˲䣬Ǳ֪ˣⲻλλħӵеĿ⣬ֻ൱һߣеĸĿ⡣
λħҲµˣҪһô
һ̣ڸ߲еģֻо޵ľ
ѾԤ½磬ҪٵĿɱͿ¾档
ħȵĵӺ͡ħ桱Ӧ۵ˣȴһ¶ϲɫħͨ׹ͨħڹ½磬ٹƬ̱ȫ½۾һ¶˷֮ɫ
ħȵһڵȴϽħĽ١ӡѪ಻ͣ˷ӵΣԶǹͨصħͨ۾෺һƬãȻ
Ŭôãȫ׷ô˻ѱʳԵˣ
ǣ˻˷ܻʧ䣬׼־͸ʱ򣬶Ȼ䣬⣬֮ߣȻɹһֺ뽣һڹĿռ侧ʯ
漴һӵ嫴磬ʹҵĽô
ŻһӰ·ǧƶ̤һֻõĽɫ⽣ͬǳ۵糸ոջ￪⣬գѱƽʮ
һһѩ˼ϤİӰȻڵ㳡֮ϣ桰ħ桱ӦۣȴѾʧ֮õ˭


1023 նԾ籩
֣ʧµװɣϵϢȴƱͬˡ
أ嫣·һƬδ֪磬˿̽ȴԶס
ǿһЩ
૵صĿ⸴ӣıӰȴ˵ʲôʣϢ
ħȵȴɫ䣬Ϊĳ֣ղǵԽһնħͨĿռ侧ʯϣ˲˾ޱ䡣
ǿȭͷĿռ侧ʯһ˲ܲӨı˲ңȻɢ
ϾǿĿռ侧ʯҲһʯͷռ䷨ǿ󣬵ܵܵסǿһ
ռ侧ʯϣ²һ˸漴ռ侧ʯάֵڹʱһҵҡΣȻħȵӣǧħ½ħĵѵһĻˡ
ħͨȻʼϣ·ȼһ㣬Էɿٶڷ
ЩոսУҪ½磬޾Ѫ⣬Ͻħǣ˷ܵ黹ûɢȥ˲䷢һҽС
īɫ϶ðһỊ̇漴ȼܴ
û˿ռͨĻ֣ǿֲޱȵĿռ䷨£ǿǣҲ˲߽⣬ɻ𣬱ط֮ճޡ
мͷʵǿᣬﵽ˿¾λħ³ЩλħּϢѣգһȼղҽ
ȻβҽУ޷ıǸ
ռ䷨֮ǿֲһҪȻǧħħҲҪҪ߿ռͨܽ½пռͨûУȻͬĸ
Կռ侧ʯһ٣ռͨɢռ֮ϮУЩ½ħһҲƲס·ǧľʯȼţȴڿͷǧ׵ĵطȼճ˻ҽֻһ̳ͬĩյľ
ûһֻħɹ½硣
һĻڴħȵӣħռͨġħ桱Ӧ۵ȣסˡ
漴ŭͳ޵ؿվ棬һȻ·̻һħȼյ۾еĳܻʵʣһ˲ͱǧˡ
ǵں
Ƿǧħľħ½磬ɲѵģҪǵɲ͵ʳõġΪϵʳģ㻹ָҪʳľħʲôø
ſռͨױ٣½ħȫɻһȼճɻҽҲһ漴æһΣ֮һһ
漴Ҳ֪ѩӦѩ飬ͫͫȣڵʱ䣬ȻһֶͻƳɷҲΪǸеˣһһȭ
˿ȴΣĹͷһͨȴɻͲ⣬имܡ
ɻͲǣȥؽһսûܲ롣տʼΪǲҲμһս֮սֱأ
ڿ֣һ²Ȼܡ֣ϢԨƺƺɲһ㣬ڵ칤ɽš칤ԪȻҲֻһƬޣϸĵײɸӳԾ
Ŀǰľ磬׵һˣ
²ô˶صľ磿ڣ۷壿벽ף
ϣȫ붼ģʹˣҲš
Ϊû˵ڶ̶̼ʱ֮ڣӷڣͻС磬һٴﵽڣ۷壬벽ס
֪Ѿͻ׾׳۷壬֪и롣ֻ¾ȷǣ׾ֻ±ҲŰɡ
Ϊ⣬ʵ̫ĵͲʵˣûпܡ
½ϣعƣ֮ӣԵͻ֮һҲͻסǧ䶼ˣֺεºܣܽǧ䶼ûܿļ޾磬ڶ̶ʱ֮ڣ
Ȼǲţȴⲻʵ
ΪĵͲӽʵ
һսУ򿴵ħ桱֪²ΪֻܴŵʱȸᵶԪ˼͵Ϯ˴ĵرɮһ·ӣڵصһܶУ£Ϊˡ
ȻرɮϾ˵̫ˣ͸ֻ࣬һϢϾĵĴμƷ鵤عⷵյűסһϢҲֻʱû
ʱڣرɮܶϢоͰǧħԼռͨľ֮ءʶĿǰ޵ٵΣգԶ֮ǰ
ΪħļƻرɮǰĽǰףѰһʽס֣пõɽƬչͻ׾ʦ
ںףȴʦ䣬ʧһŷ֣ʦڼ֮ǰȻɹͻףȻһϹǣ̺Ϊͻʱյ
һ֣ȼϣΪףһЩΪлᣬڶ̶ʱͻףħ档
ȻֳˣԼ޵ʦŹǵҪȴط֣ԼڻĹʯеõŷŹԡͼʯʦ
ԡͼȴܳɹյʦµǽϹеһ
һ֣ȻǴΪϲ漴ںףʦչصССʯУʦĺ嫷ԼΪһܿͻƷڣֵڣٵ۷壬벽ס
벽׺Ϊ޷дһɽƬɱһӦȻǣʦϹеһ˿ʼԼĹ
һչأӽ¡
µıչʱ֮ڳأʱѾȻͻ׳֮
ҵ˾ʦϹеǷݺ嫷ȻȻûȫֻ꣬ʱ䣬ڴﵽ׳۷֮
˾ʦǽϹеĽɫһգĩʧڴӱչس˯оѡ
ȻһѾǴ󾪣Ϊ㱾ãʱƹ˼ôã޵綼֪ʲôˡ
ԼͼͷΣæƹضȥҵһЩѯʲ֪ʱԭûйȥôãֻ¡
ֻԱչأڲͻƾΪϲг˽ȥȫʱţԲžʱر졣
ȻˣȫУҲδôͻףƹض
ţ˴̽ħ桱Ӧ۷󣬲֪ԭԼڵĹ󣬰ĳڣ칤ɽţȫڰǨʧ֪ˣŲһ
ããڻڣ٣ؽ֮ʱ
ȻȻһµʱ䲻ҲԸе½ľ޴仯ͬꡣ
ȻƧϱ߽ȻĻ̻̣ԭݿֻѾһƬ׵ˡ
Ȼ;һ·ĶǱ̣ʮʮգǧأһ̡
ֱ׾ʿǿʶѰҵһڵضеʿңһѯʲ֪ħ桱Ӧʳǣ̨ͨҪħͨ
£ץǧˣҪպѪ죬ħͨǧħ½磬ԲʳأʮʮյľЩԭ߸ϵʿңҲֻܶڵضҴܹһһ졣
ֲ֮ͷķŭ֮жǿңԲᡣ
һ·ͣ㣬ҹ̣ڸϵҺͷڿڹͨ쳹صӰ֪ɹԶڰ￪⣬һеĿռ侧ʯЩ½ľħһ
Ҳ칤ɽţ칤ԪԼţѩѣ͡ѩӦѩ飬ͫͫһڹʽѣɹۡ
Щ˵򵥣оΣգȴ˵壬ˣȻֹǺɵģΪһ
ħֹͨħ½ֻһͻףôȻҪɱħ棬һ̫ƽԶϾħͨħ½磬Σ½Ŀܡ
ˣħ۷һսˡ
뵽ˣȻתħ棬ϵƿӿ𡣶֮ϣƺӦϵƣȻͻ䣬գͷ˸ۡ
һսһ
籩Ҫˡ


1024 ׶
ΪͻȻ֣һħͨħȸ߲֮սʵѾָͣΪݣγɶŵľ档
ͻ䣬ƺһ˲Ǿޱİޱ𺳵ԶڲϱΪҽħͨһʱ֪˵ʲôá
գšۡһ죬ԭͨ쳹أ·һħͨڴѣױɢ
У½һѿڸ֮ϽħҲȫռ֮Ϊ˻ҽ̻ͬţһʣֲḷ́գͬһ˱γɵľ
ͷϿգǷ߸ϵ֮ϣֲֻλħ˫ۣͬһѪ˫ͫŵµķ۾оŭвʡ
գΪħͨĳױҲʧȥ˼½գڱΰƬյľףҲ֮ȥȥޡ
һ󻼣յֹħͨıҲħڵǧħվ½һ٣վǱʱϵֹ˿
ħͨ٣ȴˡ
ΪףȻʱʧȥǧħвǣֳһλ׾ʦħ桱Ӧڡ
ɽΣ
ֻҪ½лѰҿռ侧ʯħͨʱǧħľħɻ½磬½ɻͬһΣ
Σգһֱߣδʧȥ
ȻΣϵҿΪΪǿҲһ˾ʱٶһ𵽶أ
ħ桱Ӧۿǲ۲۵׾ȻոΪ˳ϯͨħͨһ˲ԼΪȼС磬Ŀǰµڡڣɲڳ˿ԶԿĶ
ûħͨǣƣڳɱڸ֡ڳˣʹ֣Ҳδһ֮С
ʱħͨ٣ǧѪһɥġħ桱ӦָۣʲôֶȥԿأ
뵽ˣеУӹһ۶ήҵϢȫ
Ȼվ߲ǰħ棬ȴǰδеƽһ˿ŨŨս⡣
ûη壬ս⡣


Լȴǧ꣬׼˲֪õħֱͨӱһݻ٣ħ桱Ӧ챯ϵɫâǣ߾ȫȥά֡
ռ侧ʯѣȴ˸վһףȴǸӵд˻֮
طĮ顣ħͨ;ħ½磬ȴܻȥ˽ħռĿռ侧ʯ书һ
ȻҲΪħֻͨǸոսɹȹ̣ط򱣻Ȼһ㣬һжˡ
һǾħѾ½磬ֹҲãħͨط򱣻̨ҪıŰ֮ңһǿҲδܻط֮ٻеľʯ
ֻ˵ʱЩͻףʵֱǣԲԵһĻ
Щ½λħλħһףâʵ½ÿһŽ޵еʵ
Ŀռ䷨£Ҳһϣֵһѡ
̹ų֣վѵֿռ䷨֮ڣͨʧ֮һйƽͷϿǷ޴ħ˫Ҳʧֻµ̻ڲţÿһö̻һͷħӰʾص顣
ħ桱Ӧڷνļ֣תһ˫۾ԹŭسͶɭһƳ
Сӣ涨ὫƤǣþֿ̣ĥʮգͲӦ
Ȼڳˣ˭ĳҲ֪ǻȥռͨɡ
֮ͨǰƻһȺССûзֻû뵽ͷᱻԼϣƻǧơ
ֻᱻס˫Ͷܣ³ҲõȥνİƤǣ꣬ԭ׼ʩӵѡ
ȻˣʧܣԼһߣкβɣ
ʴʣǷб£ս֪
ŶԷһЦ漴ٲԣһУص
ɲ֮䣬㳡֮ϣӿһ˲ΧħȲ½󣬽ЩҴһǧƽ˳ȥ
漴»ۣһһθߣͬ˷ϣֱգ͡ħ桱Ӧƽ룬ڼ̨档
ٴһ֣֣
ʱͨɫма̷ܲļƷ϶ͳСһʱϻţգʾȫͬڷĿֲϢ
ǣ
ʱ½һ߲㣬Լڶħȸ֣Сħ桱Ӧۣź֪ط֣ϵϢӦǷеġ
֮ǰǲ룬ڣӦǡ
׾Ϣ
Ȼħ桱ӦɫɭȻѿصû뵽һСȻܴ½ǧ괫˵ͻ׾ѹָš
ֻǣȻ֪ʲôֶͻƵ׾ƾһСС׳ڣһ۷壬Ȼ½Ϊڣ㣬ҲֻǷ֮䣡
˵꣬һЦ㿴ʲôǲ࣡
䣬ȻһУȻһƣƺǧħӰֵĿֲ˽һ֣ĻȻȻͬĩա
ǣ
˾漴뵽ʲôŵطеΣ


1025 
ʲô
Щһ⣬ãȻȻû˵֡
Σһ˻ǲɺȻɫȻ뵽Щʲôһ˲üΪͿ־塣
ߣ档
½ķֽףǻϣƷ͵߼ƷҲֻаиһߣɢԼħȼλħС
ߣʧӰ
ǣ棬ܶû˵
û˵½û˵һˣȻ֪˵ҵµһڡ칤ɽǶ˵֪øΪϸΪǾǹͬʦ
˵ǧǰ½һλŻ磬ɵʦһֻ뽣λʦС
˷֮Ϊ½һʦʱ칤ɽûгƾ칤ɽˮƽҲ벮ԶѼˮƽ
ȻԸϣʵ
ΪʦеĴ˵½ʦ֮棬Ȼ칤ɽ֮ˣ칤ɽӣ֮ʱذݵģʦĻҪһλλʦ
һСǧһС
ǧ̺Ӵ˵꣬ͿԼ꣬Ҳ֮ԽԽԽԽǿջΣ
֮ʱǼȡ˵صֲӴڤ˵һնһȶ˲串ӴʳһۼĶͬС
ﵽ½۷壬ѰܱȣнĿܡϾѷһԱ˳֮ΪΡ
֮עܾ˼䣬½ɲѪᣬգȴʧ
˴˵ǧڲ󣬾Զߣ֪٣˴˵ǿ绯ʧ˼硣
Ϊ̫ѪɱԱ֮Ϊħ֮ڲ󣬴˽ʱλⷨĸһӡͶһ֮ء
Ǵ֮أΪ½ܣ֪
֮ˣûѰҹ񽣣ܿϧʹ̤½Ҳҵһ˿һټܶ˶ɣǲĳֹҥ
ֻѶ½
ĻԻֻһʱ˲֣¹Ĳô˵󣬾ʧ
λʦǰƵһҲν뽣еİ뽣䵽ʤѩеǱ̥
ֻ̥һΣԶԶûɣҲʹμƷǧԶԷ
󣬴˽̥䵽˴֮һµУϾʿʱʤѩԼεĽѡȡߡ
ڣħ桱Ӧ۳ħ˺ȻгΣ֣Ȼ𺳵Ըӣȶ־塣
Ϊ뵽йĴ˵
һɷ֮һ֣½ģĿֲֻһô䵽ħ桱Ӧеģ
˲⣬֣Ϊֳģ
ҲɶȻͫһܵѹ
ȻûǣʤѩеǱ̥Σ𺳡Ҫ˵Ѿãʧǧ֮õΡˡ
֮𺳣ԽӽѾ
ȻͻףҲ޵еģԷʵֳֻ߲ͣһսüΪѡ
ȻѣǣȴΪڷ֮ʱӵ׾ʵħ棬ڵףѵΪηһս

Ϊ𾪣ǣʵУĿǰ𾪵ģһ£ǴħнгģȻͻ׾ʵ
ʲô
ֶͻ׾ˣ
ôܣ
㳡֮ϣڸ߲㣬ӣħȵļλħʤѩƷ桱аȣ㶼һ˼ı飬Ȼڡħ桱Ӧ۶һƬȻ
ǾȣţΪѩѣ̫ϳϡ׵ȣҲǵһ֪Ϣ
ǶԱ򶨱飬˾͸ý
׾½ǧ궼ûܴƵĴ˵֮ǰոͻƷûãѾ㹻˾ȡħ˵̶ʧҲһ֣ȴѾʵȻš
𾪣֮˿Žŵ׿ۣϽ˸ġ뵽ǹѾѰϢһ˼뷨ȻðԺ
ҲѾͻ׾أ
׾˿µϢѹȣܵħ޾ɫҪǣ̧㣬档Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬׻磬һϢǧ׾Щƶ쵽ˣ
ġͻƵ׾
һ̣ʵˣȺۣħ߲㣬һ𾪵ӶɳĿ⼫临ӡ
Ľв⣬мʣ𺳣ϲиˡ
Ȼлɣħŵķˣȴòʵ
˿Ц૵صѹֶһ֣Ҿ;ͬˣԭͻ׾ֻһֱǷ롣
һǽӿڵúÿ࣬ǸǺôһϲ
һͷɶᡣ
ΪճʱʵҲָоֻ׾̫㤣ħΪ½׾ʵ½ǧͻƳɹʶųܶѡ
ܴޣʲôʲôֶΣǶԣȻϲ¡
Ϊ߲㣬һħ棬Ȼʹͻף϶Ҳֻ׳ڣδħڵĶ֣ħлʤļʺС
еһ׾ʦɶħ桱ӦۣʹУ֧һСʱȴ⡣൱ɸȺһǿļԭήҾľ˲תܣ
ɱ
Ҳ֪˭һʱѾû׷ЩΪħ֮ͨսͲɵͣһս޿ɱ⡣
ûлħͨħ֮Ҳһս
ڣǽһսƳٵ˴˿ֿ̣˵ǰ˴˿̶ѡ
ħ桱ӦĿ¶ɭ⣬ȷɳ̨ڰеڸ߲㣬ٴΰ֮ǰս䣬ٴγԼĶȥ
ս˲䱬̶Ƭ̣پʮҽħʱѾû˹˼Щ
ΨһԸǻɱ֣ȥ
ӡѪڰգĿĹˣȻ֣˶жֻ֣ԼһˣͻȻ¡
֮ǰʮȫˣҪħͨȥݻ٣ȴһͣסˡħ桱ӦۣԼЩʲô
룬ĿһȻתطȥˡ֡ɴӰ֮硱롰Ʒ桱а֮սȦҪ˺Ƚаɽͽ˵
һа䣬߾͵ڽ𷨵սʱ򲻹ԮˣӦԱ֣㹻ʵֻҪħһսҪ̫ܣ߾зΪʤϣ


1026 ħ

Ʒ桱аȻ롰֡ɴԼӰ֮硱Ͼһλ۹·˷Ļ£϶еġ
ӡѪ߷ʶãܣȴ֡ɴԼӰ֮硱ס
ȵӡѪĸϵ뼫䲻ĵزټ˶ֶΣľûһʹó˲·硣
սΪͻȻ֣ټϱͻ׾ʵһʿǡ
ħһߣȴĻ̻̣ʿͣܵӰ졣
һǣʤָ֮
ԭ߲ռϷ磬ʱԭ·ˣҲܷǿִƽˡ˫ֳ֮ʤֻʱ⡣
˻ĲɣΪ˶ףս롰ħ桱Ӧһ
֮䣬ʤħȶܣܣ߲߾ʤٶೡҲǡħ桱һ˵Ķ֡
Ψһܶסħ漸ֻ̣Ҫǲ̫ܣкΧ֣ȥæ߾ͻһ˿ϣ
ԣȻȫսǲòֳһ˿ȥʱ䵽롰ħ桱ӦһߵսϣڴعעǱߵķչ
ĵģȻʹͻףҲδħĶֵ֣ʱ䲻̫
ڴǣȻѾܴô༸ܵ漣ǲпٴһ漣ܳεġħ桱ӦۣΣ֮У
ȻʵҲףжС಻ףǲȥ롣Ϊʤϣ

һߣȻҲ֪Լ縺źεҪκڴܰܣ¶ԷħΣ¶ԷֳΡΣ
ֻҪûһƴȥΪΪ壬Ϊδϣ
ңͻףһλһսʹͷźʦټɲӰûüȥһΣ
ƴƴսսһս޻ڣ
뷨Ȼη壬ħ桱Ӧὣɱһﵽ޵ӰΪһ⣬˲ħӦԡ
˶ΪﶼǶֻ࣬һ֣ɱ
ɱ
ħ桱Ӧ޷Թģ䣬Ŷǵĺ⣬һɱ֮ķһ־ľУħʽ
ֻе̳£ͬĽһγһѸī̹⽣ĳΡī̹⽣գŹħֱɨ
ħһУһ˷ڵľǿߣʥ˾պۣһеĿ¡
ʱûֳûȫ֣ʥ˾պ۾ȫ޷֮һѣһʥ飬һʥӱΪ룬ڷ
ϧʥʣǷڣ
һλ׾۷ľǿߣ㼸ʥǰҲֵһᡣ
ǻ
Уǰɫ϶Ȼһ㱡Ļ⡣Уǳʫȴƻ
ͻ׾󣬲յüҲǻУļֶ׻ü֮һڴ˵ü
ǰֻѧϰ߽׻üһơ
ڣΪѸֱͫ۷ĵزʹ䣬ȻȻЩ׻üİ壬֮ʹóӦʦõģĻ
ڣʦҲ϶ˡ
ħ桱ӦɫһͣʹԴҲϸŵĻǳ
Ȼһߣħʽɵī̹⽣Ըٶɨ϶Ȼڰײ
ͣ
Ǵīħ𣬵һʥʵħʽȴ衣
ֵ϶ϣԭǻֻбһ㣬ħħʽɨǻȴ˲佫ħϵħȼʱԲ׶Χ
ǳӰڻڴ󣬲ײħֵϣ졣˵ܶʲô˺ȥһݾ϶ûġ
С
ħ桱Ӧۿħʽܴ죬ȴΪ⡣һпͣʵվֻ̽µʱˡ
ħо
ٴһߣ½κηʹõľʽڳ֡
еΡ֮ϣħͷӰȻͬʱۿɼٶʵڼ࣬һ٣һǧһʮ򣬰
ϵħͷӰӽʱֹͣһʱħӰգƯħʹħľ
ħ桱ӦһӣħӰʱΪسӿҪһ˲佫ʳ
أ֪һʽѾĽε
һа֮֮˵ص׳ڤԹ顣ڡħ桱Ӧ۽еԹʵȫǣȻһн
һеҪԶ˵ˣֻ˲Ҫħʳ
һȻ뵽ʲôһУжʱɳһֻɫһƷ˳ȥֱħӰ
ƷӭǣܿǳһСֱӵǰصһ˲䣬Ʒƺ㱻ܱ˲ɫ׵磬·һ䡣
ЩΪ̫̫࣬󣬾Ȼͬһɫ䣬֮⿴еǼƷȷ绤ֳƵ绡֡
ʱΪ绡֣롰аһͻͨĶӮ˻ʱÿԷӴá
Ȼ˷ֻƷȣ׵ǿаħĴڣʱѾõȽĴڡ
ǰаħӿҪ嵽ǰʱȴ׵绤˸šһ˲䣬аħĲҽУǵ׵õΪɻҡ
Թаħ䵽绤֮ϣһʱҽ಻һ߾аħͬɶ˻֮ײȥȻ绤֮ϣ˲䱬һѤõĺ컨ÿһ컨һаħɻҽʱľ


1027 ħ
绤ϾֻƷ𣬶ȴΡ
ȻϵЩаħӰþжǿϾǾޣҲֻ̫ҪʱӻһаħӰʱ㹻
ɽȴϲ
Ϊаħ׵ԿƣֱʮԹаħȫ绤ɷɻң绤ϵĵĹ޶СϨ
Ϊһֵͨ绤Щŭаħֱӿеøɸɾβʣһ߼ϡķʹ˻ȴûκ֮ɫ
ΪȥʮԹаħһƷʵڲֵһᣬȡ˳ɹѾĪϲ
ʣԹаħŶĺ⣬ʱȫ׼
籩֮ţ
һȣ˫̯ĳ֮С
ɫСС磬ʼеȻ󲻶˲佻һγһգصľɫ
ȥ
籩㹻С˫ǰһƣ޴ɫϯһеĻ֮⣬˲佫ʣаħȫУȻֱӱеķϵ˺飡
УаħֻҺƬ̣ʧӰ٣ͬûгֹ

ԶһĻġħ桱Ӧۣһ˫۾ֱҪˮ
ûϵԼǿһУεļӳ£Ȼ̶Ƭ̾𵡾ûκ𺦡
Уۼ֮ǰΪͻףҲһڿԼС࣬һԴˡ
뵽ˣˣһ漴бڵٽӱһУܽ£Ͽ㣬뱾һսʵˡħǧѣ
ŻȻȻֱǳһСɽСҲī̳ëҲ˷˵ģֲͷֻǣȻǶ񣬾ȻԻ˱塣
֮ǰīģΪж㣬¶Ļ
״̬ʵʵķӡ
˵ʵǰٷ֮һ٣ޱʱܴﵽٷ֮٣ٷ֮٣ǻ״ֻ̬ƽʱİٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮ㼫ޱҲﲻƽʱʵİٷ֮һ١
⣬ǲࡣ
֮ǰΪΪֱûԵСڣʵü֣Բòñ塣
īɫľ޴ħǷ˰òһ֣˲㳡һƬڵ޲Ȼʧɫ׷׳˱ܣҿħ桱Ӧ֮սֺ
ʹ˳Ҳòգڳˡ
ֹǣħԼµĵӣҲûмħǾ޴·һСɽѹȸеӰҲе𺳣˳һЩ룬ҹݿ
ħ棬Σյģսǿֲġ
˭֪˽ֵನ᲻ֱӽҲһƽˣħΧ˲ճ˽ӽʮĿյΧ
칤ɽڸ߲㣬Լħȵļλħʤѩ֮ս֮ƣͬҹݿߵսȦ
Ϊ׾׾֮սʵ̫İ˭Ҳ֪᲻Ϊʧʱ꼰㣬Ի⳷ĺá
վԭأ˲͵ġħ桱ӦۣǴǰһֻСϣ۾Ҳӹһ˿֮̾ɫ
Ҳûмħı壬⻹ǵһοӴ
ǧħľħ֮Ĳͬ𣿹ֻĴСһֻħѹǧˣв࣬ҲͲΪ档
Ȼڡħ桱ľֲ̾סԡħ桱Ӧ۱ر󷢳ĵһļɵֻ޴ħ֮ϣҲ֮Ǵ󣬱һʯһĽ
£޴ķѹ֮ܵ綸Ȼúڰڰ֮Уһâȴʮ貣ͬǳһ㣬˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ǣ˫УǣȴȻˡ
һʮʮ٣ٻǧǧǳͬһʱ䣬ըѿ
һʱ䣬֮ͫУңϵ£ǰȫǳըѵӰͬĩ޸ƼҪЩըѵǳһߡ
籩µɱֱëըսһΣܵɱ
ԣܿЩǳ
뵽ˣȻۣ׶Ͼ۾ļ񣬶ԾӦܵһСܱ磬ʱžкȴֱ
ˣ
ȻȻһۣе϶㻯һ磬ǰбĶ롰ħ桱Ӧۺݺµһһ
ž
ȻһλеļƷ϶ħĶ֣һ˲䣬ʹѣΪɫƬɢɳ
ƺһǱ̳һ˿Ѫ쵹ɶ
һܣ϶飡
ָħ棬ʾΪǧħħǺƥħѹǧǰʹڸ߲֣ҲԽѹ󸶳޴ۣŽɹӡ
ڸ߲㣬Ҳ˵
ףʹͻףʵħԾȥԶ˵۷֮ʱΪͨħͨΪ󽵣ֻʵҲĿǰԶԸġ
ôôܣ
Էħ治ڳ߲һˣʹӳպʣһˣӵȥأ
ħ棬մͨħͨʧܣԶʧܡʧһſռ侧ʯҡʧһΣٴץෲѪһ죬ܳɹ
ʱ½ħץסʱգǷڣ

ˣεɶʱģȴתܣŤΪʤ޵һıħ档
ڴʱԶӰɱڰգһ궸Ȼһ޾âĳǰһףǰӽ
ڿգƾ޾֮Ϣħ桱ӦеǱУЩ岻סηЩʲôڿЩʲô
ţ
ħ桱Ӧ׷ɱܵȻȴǲɫȻһ䣺ɧĪǡ˵еǱ
һߣ칤ɽš칤ԪôѷѽġպãűˣԼһ˵ǱعŽȴɶȻһ䣺
¾û뵽վǴҵӦ˵Ǵ޴أ
룬ƥâ紹䣬紩գȴգ䵽ڵɺ˵ǰһץסС
һɲǣ¶ǰ˵ɴ۾ȴһɫĹŽĳ࣬޻ƣûκεΣһͨͨĳ
ǣϵϢȴƹ½ڸһ֮ȻͨӵС
Σǧ
ڸ߲У칤ɽš칤ԪǱУһ˲ȺĽ͵̾Ϣ
ħˣ֣ȴ޲ɫ䡣


1028 ħϣ
칤ɽš칤Ԫ̾Ϣħͬʱ۾ŵųеǱɫŽ
ǾΣǧʦǰһ׼棿
ţħ桱ӦгһѾ㹻˾ȡ
ڣȴһѱΪʧǧͬʱ֣޹ֺеˡ
ɻɣǲǴûʧٹһֱĳЩ˵Уֵֻ½̣֮˫˫
۷׷ף²硵ʱԶӰڱǰȻһīһ½˾Щİװꡣ
Уߵݿʣ˫ü罣һī£ؿһССĽɫ̫Եù¸߲ȺͦΡ
ұߵӣͬʣֻȴһ͵ʣֹеһַϡ
һһᣬһһһƳȣһȴƵ֮ˮ˳
ǣ
ɻȴ뵽ո׳ǧʱħһħÿ˵Ļ
¾¾磿
һЩˣ׹¾ʲô˼ŵĳϣȴ޲ɫһ䣬ȻĳԶĴ˵
Īǣ
ǻһۣ˶Էе𺳣ȻЩ²⵽ǧ
˲⣬ѯʣԥһ£˵˳
Ϲ֮ʱµһʦǰԹƧһ֮УֹϵϾȴһ֮Уʶλһѡ
ѣһ롱飬һīװ¾
ܳΪµһʦѣɼҲʮֲڵʱǿֻǲڵ˿ֹǲ˼ֱͨ쳹ذ
ΪȺ󣬶ͻʦ֮Ҳڣʹﵽ׺ڡ
еġ롱Ϊʱӽ۷壬벽â½еĶǿߡ
Ҳһˡ
Уԡ롱Ϊҡ
һּ̼ͥ׳̣һĵļҹ·ȴħɽһ˽ٳ֡
ǵʨӴ󿪿ڣҪóǮŷˡ
Ȼ꾭̣ʵԣȻҲҪȾ̣һ糾ɥʧ֣֮
Ǯںܶ޵߿ʲôֵһᣬУʱȴҪ㾡һ֮Ʋܴ롣
ĸధ󣬺ò״˵Ǯǲ͵ħɽϣõǮȴȻԼŵ˺Ʊ︸
︸֮ĸеһծꡣټǰ︸֮ĹȣվһˣϳңΪ
ҵһˣ֮Ϊͽһѧɳ
ǣ֮ʱżһС㣬һģ˽ȴŮ衣
ŮΪ췹Ů죬һҹ˽µ޽Լһҹ˯뷿УλСӡ
λСѣ±֮һöԾ
֪ȻŭȥλΪʵС֮Լλ޹һһնɱȴذʧȥԴ˷ħħߣɱΪߣɱıߣɱ
òԣ۵ģһ˺պ˳֮Ϊħ
˵ˣȴΪϲθڣ˾˽ʶΪ
ټһšīװ¾˲֮壬꽻鲻ϣΪ̸
񽣣ǧ˫֮ʧȻ˸˸ִ˵Ҳһ˵ֻǲ̫ţ١
Ǹ˵ǣǰֱ֪꣬иԼλѣҲǡīװ¾Լ롱顣
¾ǧ
õ֮ʵǣ¸޼ɵһЩ˲
ټϲͷ̫̫ϡֿšʷ嶥ΧŹ֮ʧ䣬޵統ʱȷѪꡣ
ֱ֮󣬵ʱλʶ֮ʿžʲô֮Դֽӡһ֮أʹʧ硣
ΪȷѪ꣬ķӡҲ֮
ֻǧѰˣɲֻǶԸѡ
¾õǧûãȴֱ
ؽ䣬½ԪϡԱΪϱһƬڴ˵صĸ磬ǱǺպĹ¾硣
ǰĶš¾ڡҲ֮Ǩ¾֮Уʧǵ֮ڣû֪¾ľ䡣
Ĺ䵽еǧȻҲ䲻
˴˵¾ǰֵǱ¾콣Ҳǹ¾ν֮ʵѲǰ׼֮һǧ
ֻΪ˱ע⣬Լ˿ţ¾ȽǺʹѡ˸֣һòʹΪ˹¾ڵ֮
ʱֱӽǧ뵽˹¾Уʹ䴫ȥ˽Ȼ˵֪ű˴˵绯¼
һ⣡
ħ桱ʱûмŶ԰˴Ŷ֣һΪѰҿռ侧ʯռͨ
ҲΪѰŬվȻƾ˿Լħ޿ײ룬ӴϢ磬鵽䣬ȡ֡
ǧֻҲĿ꣬ǧܺһӳ
øղ˵¾վǴ˲ףպÿ϶ȥ¾磬ҶԹ¾Ŀֲƻ
ǰ¾磬Ŀģпܾǳǧȥġ
ֻգȴûгɹ֣ӡǧҴĹ¾С
գ롰ħ桱Ӧڴ˾һʤʱ½¾Ҵߣ֪пܲħĶ֣УһΪ˱¾縲֮𣬶ҲҲΪһϣȻȻزѾõǧ˳׸һ֮
Ȼ
ò½˾ʮİĿǳսԵս칤ɽš칤Ԫѷѽġպʱ۾о㲻¶˳֮ɫ
ãգڣ
Ϊҹ¾縲֮Ϊʦ֮ޣ
Աϣһݣͬʱ칤ɽ롰պõսȦм˶ԿպõսȦ


1029 ħУ
״롰պôѷѽ칤ɽţ칤Ԫü˹ʲôãƾңʹ䲻ʹ֣÷˵ǡ
Ǻܿ죬֪Լˣһ˿ϲ
Ϊһ֣īʾ˷ս׸Ժ䲢սľ֣ұߵԪᣬȻѷһֻжװ벽ڣȴһǿĽ¾콣
¾콣ǹ¾ڵ֮Ҳǧļǵڽ֮
ʣڹ¾صأ콣һʱԪᣬѾ˽޵˴֮ټԺīһ𣬻ϣһڰ콣Ǳǡ
һһ룬ټԭͿǿ͡պսƽֵ칤ɽš칤Ԫһս־Ȼ˲תΪϷ磬պѹƣնɱơ
һʱת
ڣ۸߲㻹ǵӣ𣬶Ҹ֮ǰٱ
ոգħ桱ӦһķɣеļƷ϶ҲΪƬۿСһУҲؽܡ
ڣв˶ֳ֣һǧȻɲħĶ֣֧һʱ䲻⡣
ߣֵļ룬¾ˣڵӳڵԪᣬ൱ս
һвħպãѹ칤ɽ·磬ڼ
սҲʤӶࡣ
һֻҪڸ߲ǰЩ֣ʱʮλһ֣ټ׳ڵδزսʤħ棬Χɱηӡ
뵽ˣƸʢ׷׳ԼĶɱȥƵ뾡֣Ȼȥһߵ

һߣҪս
࣬һܵճԪǧһ֣̺ܵӴ֮
ֻ΢ȡһ˿һ˲䣬ƾԸԭƸһ¥
ý
ǰ΢΢һЩȣȻʱûϳ֣˵ľȴµ
½ܣ⣬·µһʦһ׼ǧҲˡ
ǧýһʤ
˵ֹͣ˲ǵѪƯٶħ桱Ӧ۵Ķ棬ֳһ˿˷֮ɫ
ߣ
ֵǧħ桱Ӧһã漴һЦҲã¾磬Ҳûеõǧû뵽գȴø˫һ̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡
浹Ҫл㡣Ϊ˽һõעɣ
ɫ˿Ϊ仰ев»ģֻЦһҲҪûˣ˵˽Ϊ˽Ϊ˵أ
δɣ¿ڱĽģ
ħ桱Ӧϻ֣ƽ죬Уһֲɫĸ֣ɢž춯أĹâ
ħħ򣡡
ŻһӣȽɫħͷһֻɱ
棬״֪ǸȷɫǱȵУǷֻ¿ɫ򣬱ҪϵĿֲѹӶη֮ģûκζԿ˼
Ϊ׾ǿߣȻ£һαܿ漴ֳǧʩչںϽУתħ桱Ӧ۷ȥ
ڤ
Ϊ׾ǿߣڽȻߵһĿֲ硣
ȻžͼʮһֻǵƷһֻǵƷоߺһУȴӳ˲ѷɫƷ׽
׾ͨƽĽУǵҲܻΪ档Ҫ˵ŽʮֲڸںΪһֱ˴ˡ
ǧ΢΢һΪٶȿ쵽£ֳһâԶһƬǿո֣أ漴Ʊʲô֮˲̮
â֣ǿ
ǧͬˮе磬һ㽫ħ桱Ӧ۷̹г꣬ȻһѾֳħٴһΪɫ㣬ȫޣܿٴȫɢ
ħ֮󣬶桰ħ桱Ӧ۵Ľ֮Ȼħ򲻹еɱС
һ飬һʵ
ٺ٣Сӣڵˣħǻ磡
һеľжȻ֣ڡħ桱Ӧе֮ϣȻֳǺ绯ޱȿֲѹ֮Ϯ
һ̣Ҳɫ΢䣬ȻܵеĿֲ
һǧѣѾ˿ͷ˵ԭ򣬵ħһ׽УԷͬΣֻѾԽ˵Ʒﵽ׼Ʒļ
ǧĹ𣬹Ȼ𺳺Ͷݡ
ֻһͨλħѣпѧ׼ƷĽλλħǲƷ½ףн׽Ҳ֡
ԽˣԽᶨ˽նҪڴ˸ħ棬ֹħͨ֪ħղľ½ǧǧڵڡ
ΪǧħЩħǵʳūȡֵĹߡ
ź֮ţ
ɫ࣬ǧ֮ϣһΪ֧ǿеǧȻһɿž㳡˶𺳵
·ʱⶼûرüįʱⳤӣһ˲
䣡
ֲƣ˲ײһ𣬿롰ħ桱Ӧս֮ڵˣͬһʱ䵹˳ȥѪɫ԰ףһɫֵ˼
ЩˣΪ̫˲
ЩҴˣԼѾùԶȴû뵽ôԶܵôǿҵನ˷׷ȥҲħ֮ͣ
һﲻǾ٣ﲻǾ١
ķݷ׷ױɷ棬롰ħ桱ӦۣͬʱһȻ󳯺󵹷ɶ
˳ʮħ˳ʮһԴ·磬ȴǺ޵ֿ֮
ħӦ۵ɫЩѿ漴ɫȻһתȻЦУȻתӾۼĵطȥ
ã
״ɣ˱ս໥ʤԴ·磬Ҳܿܡ˴ս˿̫ȷܵħУʲô
ҾղһУѾȡѵ׷Զ룬ܿǵսȦܲ
ǣħȴսħԲںԼ˵ǶҲûʲôҲǳΪǿеʳ
Ϊ߲֮һȻŴԼħһսԲòȡ
һսֵİѿؾͱ÷ǳֻܱħǣűߣԭΪп˰
֪ˣȴòתħǰķȥǰһӡΪȴΪԭ
֪޴ģǲǵģȴòȥħ״ЦݸʢˣΪѾ㡣
ͻ׾ΣõǧΣֻҪ㣬ֻ¡


1030 ħ£
ħٶȺ֮죬һգʱ䣬ӹ˽ľ롣һգۣѾٽЩħӽսսȦ
ʱڰ￪⣬ҲҪϢܵħǰ
Ϣֻ֮ħѾһȺٴγ￪ˡ
Щٽĵӣħ׷׸ӦΣ¶֮ɫȥƾǵʵùڵħ棿
ʱڷȸ߲㣬ڰ￪⣬ҳ֮⣬Ա˲סԮ
ħ桱Ӧۼ״ٺЦȻƣīɫƺȻ£ҪΪħһƬؽȫǡ
ۿħӾҪ䲻ֵңһ¾ڴʱȻ
УһߺȻֳ֣һŻֻһɨ
˲䣬ԭЩʧ룬ϾҪɥħӣͬʱƱһʧӰ١
أһ͸ĹĻħӦ۷ֿһ£ȻɢǹĻص£ȴûһħӵʬ塣
ţǣ
ħ桱ӦۿЦݽסЩ˼ŵؿԼƣֿ˿ʧĵطȻЩһǬͼ
˵꣬תһ֣ƺӰû뵽ʳôãЩڿܳˣ
һ壿
һ㶣ǾϲڵӵĵþȣţֲΪħ滰еһ𾪡
ȻڵӲ֪ʳأһĴڣȻİ
ʳǧ꣬Ȼ̣˱ϵʥʵȻ֮⣬һ֧ڰеƽʱǱ֡
Уȴʳһжı
ãȴǺƽʱڣǵʳΣòʱǣʳϣ
һΣǾͻ³ٽ񳯸١Ȼʳ죬ֻٴʧҰĺڰС
һ壬һ֧ĪֻŸ߲֪ǧҲһ˳Σȡ
˵ûһ壬ʳǰͱˣȲڡ
ڣʳħ桱ӦһٸһҲ֮ʧӰ٣ܶǵĴڣڴΣĹؽʱ̣³ɽһɽʹһĴǬͼµڵӾߡ
һ֮Ī⣬ܴ˿ĺڰУΪһ챦Ǭͼ
ⲻȴʤκΪǺͰڱһҪƷԽһռ˲ָΪ磬Ӷһػߡ
Ѱһټ޷Ǭͼǰ
һΣǬͼٵУҲǿԱ
ڣȻճֵλߣ֮һΣʱ̣Ҫħ桱ӦһƸħӾߡ
ǬͼǿϾǱԣ޷׾ǿߵɨӣű䷢ټвء
Ȼ
ħгĿ֮طλ֪֮Ҳ͸ɴ󷽷
Ӱʵһۿݵģһ˦ղʹõŻٴγ֣һâ£˲ħӣǸղűߵЩ
֮ͲٹǣĿֱž޴˵ġħ桱ӦۣɫСħȻҿ½ֱǲ֪ʳ񼫣գħһ壬⣡
䣬һӣǣҲɣ
ŻȻл֣иֳһɫ۵ǿӰ֮£һɫһСЩΪЩΪЩΪϣʾͬ
Щ࣬಻λÿһλϵϢٶѨڣѨ۷Ͱ벽֮ǿȫеκһڣҪ
˻
һĻеĵ޲һһθܵһǿ
ѹںڰУʳչȷͬСɡ
漴ֲϲΪһֻ㲻ѷɫλ
ټΪ׵֮ɢڵϢףԭʳֻʥһ֮ȻҲͻ˷
漴һ£ɻȻ
аɽ֮¼У롰պһսպõһչֳս𾪡
վͻƲãʵȹ̣԰ڡ֣֮롣Уȴһ¡
һλߣȺ;롰պսһȻպûˣӶݶȥ
ȻУλ߻ˡպãԭһǣպøոۺͷġһսġ
λ߷һܾܽˣߡ
ʹˣλߣܽʵġպñȳΪضҲʮֲΪպÿɲͨճɷֻʵսҲδصͨڡ
ԣλߣҲжװ벽۷壬ֱӾǷʵ
һˣ򵥣ʱ޵磬˶²λߵݣ֮ʾڵսһʱɻȻ
ԭ£ѻպõģ
Ҫô¾ѻպʱѾӵзΪڲΪΪһ
ҪôʱǷֻǶװ벽۷壬롰պһսȻˣӶݶأȴƾͻƣڲŽΪΪ
ΣλսȻǣ֮ʱֽı׳֮ģԵһЩֱøӴݲȡ
֮Ӧħ桱Ӧ۵Ļ˸̲סЦڸǡ
ħһ۸߲㻹ǵµӣȴ޲ɫһ䡣ΪԮָеͷۣΪ֮Ȼҿѵ⡰ħ桱ӦΪСħеš
˾㲻͵͵ħ桱Ӧ۵ɫ֪һ꣬١


1031 ɻһ
Ҫ֪֮ȻΪħڵһֻʱ䣬ʱлָ۷壬벽âʵ
һƺһ׾ΪСħͺһСָһ˵ıԷСƨһҲףǸ˴˿ʲô顣
ʲô飬ħ˿̾ʲô顣
û뵽ԼָԷķλڣԷҲ˴һĸָ֣ԼıԼΪСħԳҪʳ
зڵŭٽһưһħ桱ӦɫŴڰе֮һһٵصе˵һ飿
˭ó̺ƥɱ⣬·ʵʣֱָһ۵֮
֮Ļȴݣֻǰͷô˵ôǧħ򣬲ǽ԰λλλ֡һλħ½һСħʲô
ˣһƬȻ
㳡ܱ߱սγɵķش߰ǣһ̣㳡ȴԾĵģħ纮
ĳַ֮û˵ǧħĵλ֣ħ桱ӦΪһλħǧħ򣬵ȷԹ֮ԡСħĳƺš
ǣҲҪ˭˵
һâߣԡħ桱Ӧ׾ڣȻԺںмһˣ˵Сħֻۣ֮һλڣ
ָһλΪСħΣЩĸо
ҪǣȻԸϣ׾ǿȴʵʵڴڵġ
ħ桱Ӧһˣʥʣɱ¥ֱַ̤ţаɽµڡĺպħѾ˵
Уһħ޵еļ
ڣȴ˳ƺһ޵ħΪСħǿҵĶԲȣȻһЦȴֲЦеηֻŵ
ãܺã
ħ桱ӦŭЦĿɨ㳡ϳǧ˫˫ۣȻñλСħ콫Ⱥ֣ȫһһ𣬰ƤȥǣȻһ磬ҧɣ
㣬ɹŭˣ
䣬ϣȻһɳħħֱ񷣬Ȼգһ˲ڰɪɪֻ嵽飬ȫ䵽˹
ǣãܡ
˸֪ԣ׷װȱӡ
֮칤ɽŵ߲㣬֪ϢҲɵɫһ䣬ٹ˲ֵĶս׷׳𻤶ܣߵˣȥ
ߣˣ
Ȼħ桱Ӧۼ״ֻһЦȻһ֣УȻɳһССѪɫâ̡âڰвתԽԽԽԽߣգȻ㳡ΧһѪɫ
ÿһѪɫ֮أ˲仯ޣħӣ˫߲㣬޷ֿ
Ѫɫϴ䣬ʵħӣֱʧΪгɵħֻ߲֧ܿţҲ֧Ų˼Ϣ㻯Ϊһ̯̯Ѫˮ

ȻԶһĲҽУ˼æŤͷһȴȻ뾣ҶսӣаһܲһѪɫ䣬ɲǼ䣬ħ翪ѣȻٵطðѪˮ
ҽУѪһڻȻʧ
źͺڲʵ飬аֻ˲Ϣʱ䣬ѪʧӰ٣ԭֻ¼ˮ⵶ƬԼ
ȻʹƷѪ£Ҳֲ˼Ϣ㼴ƵһЩƬ֤ʲˡ
˲ҲпһĻ߲޲ͷƤ飬ʹǵˣ˿̿аǰĲ״ȴôҲ˷ܲ
νսȻɱ֣˶һλֵ˵ʲôֻỶ衣
аֲ̫̫пˣһǱԼЧҵĶɱģоЩζ
ͽ
Ȼһߣһ롰ѩӦѩսĿԼͽȴ޷Ԯһʱ˲ʮꡣ
ѩӦѩսһݣŶϱ۲һ㳯аĵطȥȴվһ
ֻѪɫͨ쳹أİͽһ콾֣ǰּƽţһվߴ·ˣɻȪ
˴ԭأɫ˺񣬺Ȼֱľګͣšħ桱Ӧ۵ķ۾ʱ֮ɫʱη壬Ȼ뱨ȴͣԭزңһʱ顣
ȻΪһ飬Ҫ
Ǹ𡰱аѪɫǰһƣýСʱǳˡ
Һް
־Ʒ컯ͷĵֿȴվǺ͡аһΪһ̯Ѫˮʧ
ԭֻǰƷ컯ԼһҺޡ֮˶߻졣
Ϊ½˴󶥼֮һˣһҫԻͣΨҶʢ黪վڴ½۷壬˼󡣵գվߴ˷
ΪиߵġΪ˾֮ϸߵľۣԸңħϻ˵ԼͻףԼ½ĸأǿ֮·
գ˺ѣ½ƻԼİͽа֮һ꣬ĩ·
ϧգ̾
Ȼ֮ˣпɺ֮һվΪ۵㣬ȥԶ޷ѡ


1032 ɻ𣨶
ѪɫգһѪɫ£λûһɲ䡣
ЩѪɫ֮ͨͲƶ̨ͬϵƣٶȿ쵽˲ĿѼвҪУȥһƤ򵱳
аϣߣڵӺһԱħȵĴʹӰڣ׷ױѪɫ֣ȻΪѪˮɢ
̶Ƭ̼䣬ǧ֣һϢ˵ٶڲӣħ߲㣬޲Ŀѡ
ߣַΧ
칤ɽš칤Ԫ񿴳ΪΣաȻѪɫ̣һ챦׻ɱȻǷ
ַΧٶٿ죬ǿܸ֪µصӶǰܣʧʱ
ʧ󣬿ɲʧ㶫һΣô򵥣ֱһۼ
棬һͷƤ飬䡣
Ͻħʥ̣
պɫѿͷѪɫ̣۾ҲƵɵ֮ɫȻҲӦΣֻв϶ֿ
ΪѪɫǲֵҵģȻ֮ǰħ桱ӦҲضãֱʱó
ȻΪ֮׼ŭħŸ˲ԼµֻΪ˽Ⱥһ򾡣ղħӣҲǿ׼ͼӲȥġ
պãϻʥŮۣħڸ߲㣬뱣ģϾЩ˶׷ߣĵ֡
ʹħͨͨħ½磬ҲҪƿغū½֡
ʱȫ˲ˣԲŵµ󷨵аϵȣ˫˫дħȵеͼӣ׷ɥ
ãλ̶ϢȻһıȻһߣһ˱Ѫɫͷ£ֿ̬ûüڷ
ˣȻǿ֮һаɽϯӡӡѪġҲǼҪ̳аɽΪһĶ
ȻճɷûܴãջǻޣԼԻδüŵĲʣΪѪɻҳɢ
ߣ
˶ɫ䣬̶ʱ䣬λһλħλеͼʤβĵ㺮һ׷׼ӿŲʥ̵ѪַΧ
ߵô
ħ桱Ӧۼ״ЦֻƻӶѪɫ̲λ뿪ѪַΧˣȫȻɱ̶ʱڣǧλħӣв֡

һߵڸϵħǰ̧ͷѪɫ䣬֪ʱܸЧİ취Чİ취ֱӻɱ߶Ѫɫ̵ġħ桱Ӧۡ
ֻҪɱˡħ桱һȻӭж⡣
˫һ˲޵׺̶˲Ѫϣеǧ֮ϣһƺӦʲôҲ֮һϰĸо
žһʽ¡޵С
Żеǧ֮ϣӿֳĳɽٱãǳﻻƣ鸩ڵصӰĿ
ͷһ⣬۾жֻʣηɫ·֮
һҲȷǱѰ
ΪӼžɮеõ֮Уصһʽǰ֪ΪžֻܹʮһʽӵһʽУڶʽձʽ˲Ϣֱʮһʽδܹ
ֱ֮ǰʦչصضУž׾ǡħ桱ڲǱĶߣԭԼʱɢ
еı仯йӰãһнʽȻžĵʮʽҲ˿ʩչʽ޵С
ʱҲ֪ԭžʮһʽеʮʮȴǰʮһ֮ܺͣΪ̫죬ž˺ȥԼžɮõģֻһȫĽס
ģȻҲԶԶž
ͼžǰʮһֻƷƷ½׵ʽĵʮȴȻǰнУﵽ˵ƷϽףƷ׵
һ֮£
Ǵ˽оȻһλʦʹܵģһ׼档һʽٴηʵķԾѾ׼Ʒ
ں񣬶ԡħ桱ĳޣǧħԹߣһŵǣϵ֣һеһУһﵽ۷塣
ǧ֮ϣ˲ųĿİââ磬ƾŭԣֱӳڲٿطʥ̵ġħ桱Ӧնȥ
һն֮УֲƣѪɫͬУ׷ɢʧʹͷеħʥ̡Ҳܵ޴𶯣ҡΣһЩȡ
ţ
Զħ桱Ӧתͷһ۾Ҳһһ˿𺳣֮ɫ
һСˣǣƻҵĴƣԶûܡ
˵꣬һӣе֮ϣٴӿħӰǧϮ
ħʴ쳪
Уħͳһֱʴȥһ֣ȻһѾԽһʽǻ磬ǳ¡Ҳʴȥһ룬ܡ
ߵٶȺ֮죬˲䣬ǧŭ԰׺磬롰ħ桱Ӧ۷ʴ쳪ڰкȻԺһһ춯صľ죬˶е죬ŵһĻˡ
ֻһΣɫЩ԰ס
ħ桱ӦۣȴȻһʲô˺ѵ죬漴Ѫһ޴ʮɳ˿ڣϣⷭѪע
ңǼ֮ϸСİâֹԭ
ǧžһʽ޵кУɵ콣ħǿħָҲ޷
㾹Ȼ˵ˣ
ħ桱ӦУ¶˼ɫͷ˿Լؿڵ˿ڣ漴ֶŶ۾ӹһ˿
Ȼû뵽㾡߹ʵûϵԷΪһǿһУʴ쳪¡
һ£УһΰѶĶλߣ촽з¶ɭЦ
ȥؿɵľ޴˿ڣһŶЦҲãǧûкúɻǣһΣú棡
ħʴ꣡
ϣеٴһϣħһ־޴ĺ¡֮Уһ޴İצ̬֣
δһɺ춯صѹѹ֮ڣɪɪΪѨµģȫڵأõģպѪ£һ˲㻯ΪѪˮ
ֻһ˲ͳǧˣ
ѨϵģǿܱƶٶҲΪֻǿͷѪ£Զսġħ桱Ӧۣ۾һ¶η֮ɫ


1033 ɻ

޷ڳħȫ޷šħ桱Ӧ裬ɱķͬʱҲףһսֹʹԼ޵Ҳʵ
Լţʲô壿
ټȥˣȻѾΪ׼ҲںʲôֶΣʲôˣ
аޣɫ˼£ڲԥ
¶㣬֣ӡת
ĻڣȻ˫֮дһʹɫĹâۣȻԽԽԽԽƴͫѹ
ɫâȻӲ˫֮а룬ǰΪһ㣬ΪһŲϱõɫâͬһֻˮĸƯ
ɫâֵʱܵվȻֲķ򲨶ƺռӦϢ𺳣η塣
Ϲ䣬˫ۣѪᣬͬھ֮ʹ
ֲֿʹüʹ׼־͵Ҳѵһ˲췢һĲҺ޷Զĳһ˲ѣȻתΪס
׾۷ȻΪϹ⣬˲ͷԪʧ°꣡
ʹ׾ΪԪ˴һ˲ʧԪǸҲͦסڴ˿̵Ȼһꡣ
Ĵǲصģȡõĳɾͣȴοġ
ǰŲϱõɫâٶȴӿ쵽󽥽۳һϽͭӡģͭӡ棬˸ʣ׵绷ƣ
Ϸһ޶׷ƻһѹʮΨҶĿϢ
Ͻͭӡһ֣˲䣬һ͸ĳ·紵͸Ĳƺɨʮħ桱Ӧ۴߶ķʥ̴Ѫɫȫɢ
ȻͷϿյķʥҲܵڵһʱ⣬ΪƬ׹䡣
ħ
ħ桱Ӧȫûϵ˱䣬û뵽֪ʲô۳һϽͭӡֻȻܽԼǧħıħ״ݻ١
һ˲䣬ɫҰףѪ
û֪˷ʥ̶ôҪʹӡΪǱħʥħʶԲܱʧ
ͬʱҲΪʥмĴһħʶԵ˷ӡħ棬ħ룬ȴ©˴˷ʥ̣ѾΪһߴܣȴǰָһħʶʥ̵һħʶ硣
ڣ˱ħһ٣ȻҲܵشһʵ½ɡ
ǧж֮
ħ桱Ӧʧ̬󺰣˼
ΪʹǧǰһսҲֻӡ걻ָһ̣ܵشʹٹ꣬Ҳδָܻ
ΪħƿԾʱָħһ٣ˡҪǣʥǧħеħܻصǧħ򣬷ԶûĿܡ
ܻȥҲôһ˶Ը½޵ˡ
ټϣȥֻҲȲڵķʥǰʹָ⽻ڡ
ΪħͬһħǣϵĶħȥʧһǿرʹϧһħһʧҲҪܵشǽȻͬ
ħʸӿ£ħγһĻ棬Ҫ˺á
ɴʱԲ֮ǰˡ
ӡֶҾȻԻΪʵ壬⣬Աȵʶʱǿ
֣һɿµɱ֮ͬˮΧʮ֮ڣ鶼ķһ־η̬ǿ¡
¾ǡħ桱Ӧڵľǿߣˣ޲ùڴӡǰͷڣΪǴʽײĲ֮ͬĲر𣬲γ˿µѹ֮
Ϊ֮ǰʹþӡƵǣϵԽԽ࣬ЩʹīʱҪĿܣŲҶá
һʱ䣬ѾԽԽѹƾӡʹþӡĴֻԼı⣬Ҳ˺óһʱ䡣ֱա
죬޵Σǧ˾㳡ϱħѪֻΪ˴ͨǧħ½ͨڣһ壬̶Ƭʱ䣬ħıħʥ̵Ѫ⻪£ǧˣڲϵ
ȥ޵磬ȫûϾдСȻԸͲܽܵĺ
ԣȻȻ׼ֶӭУΪǣϸµ𣬵ֻҪħ棬½ϧ
֮ǰͻѨʱӡΪ֮һ䣬ӵ̬תգں˫ͫʹ˫ͫԳ棬ںܵ
ʱΪʹ䷢ǰħ棬òѾ޴ۣ̬ת°ʹз
ӡתʹ࣬û뵽ǣԪ˲꣬һͷڷ˲ףǣӡҲԱ֮ǰǿˡ
˵֮ͫʱǿ٣Ǳ𵱳Ѩ֮ʱǿ˲֪ٱ
תһ룬Ҳס
ӡÿһ󾳽磬ӡܱ֮һ㡣֮ǰԪԪѨӡһξ޴ı仯ֻ󣬱̬תΪͫʱûи
ûиֻûѣԼûан
ھӡسԲѨʱڵľӡܱ⣬ѾڵӡѨ֮Ĳжڵľӡ뵱Ѩʱڵľӡж
ԣ˿ֵľӡѨĻϣֽη츲صı仯ͻƷΪһ䣬ͻΪһ䣬ѹܻΪʵͬʱƾһѡħ桱Ӧ۵ıħݻ١
ħѾٽ˲ó˼һУյľӡ㻯ΪһϹ⣬С
λƯĿֱǰĺħɫһƬ࣬ڣӡն̨
ĻϽͭӡ֮ϣȻɳһƬ⣬лΪһ޴ĸ̨Ǻħպ÷̨֮ϣͼͷϿգһ޴ľ޸£һǺɫħͷ­ն䡣
ȻΪûѪҺħҲһֲ̹⡣
ħϵϢѸ˥䣬ա顱һֱըѣɢ
һͷ֮ϴɵĺɫħ˵ûκһɢԵն̨ȴħȻ䵱һĻһնͷͷ­ʧȥԪ޷ֻۣɢ
Ǿӡ̷ʲôӲӡƲá
ħ桱Ӧɫ䣬ӵٻϽͭӡͬСɣֻв֮ˡ
ɫһţħ桱ӦϣȻһüȶ¶ЦܱƳĽطҲֵԺˣҲΪֹˣ
ħǧأѪ꣬Ѻ
仰Ȼ䣬ϢǣһһصͬȻǧͬħӳ֣һʱ䣬ϵϢüΪ£һ̣½һȡ
ǳԽ׾ӽâѾ½ܵļޡ
Ļ֮ϣȻѳһʮﳤĻڣڴѪ絶¶ڵĿռ䡣̴꣬
꣬ͨ꣬ȻһεεѪ̺꣬ħƯý£ܵԪȻʧͬȻ󽫴˽糹׻Ϊħ硣
ӣȻԼĹתˣѪ£䵽ϣȻһ̣·̺ʲôµƻ
ãħѪ꣬Ӳӣֵֵ
˷Ӧͬʱһ֣Լͷ
֮Ч£ǾһĻˡ
ħѪ£ȻɻϵԪԪĲϱɣ˳ĻԽԽԽԽ͸ɫ漴顱һ׷ը
һܵħϴԪԸٶȱӶᣬڡħ桱Ӧ۵ϡ


1034 ɻģ

ħ桱Ӧһͦǰһںɫ󾨵ģſڷЩѪͬԪ
˿ЩԪѾ˿ɹʹõħƸ
ҲһֻɫͬſڣΧ֮ڣЩѪͬħ
ħɵһ̶ȣħͷϿգȻһͨ쳹أյħӰ
ħӰȴİǸղħͨϿֲֵħڿؾǡħ桱ӦЧҵĶǧħλħ֮һԡѪħˡ
ħ൱໯â֮ϣһľߡ
½ϵˣһڶԶԿҪ˵һˣֻһӰҲ԰ŵĵ㺮
˺ȻЩ׹ħʲôˣҪٻԡѪħӰ½磬ɱֳ־ӡͳһ½ٿħͨ
˽£ҲȻѿ棬·һţȻ
һЩ⧲ˣ˲ͱʢЩ֮ȼɻҽҲҪѨкڲ΢һԱ֮Ҳֻõѡ
ãһ䳹֣˲һûеڶܡ
Ѫ꣬Ѻĵɽһʱ䣬ħӸ߲㣬۾н¶֮ɫ
Ƭ̼䣬Ѫ꣬͵֮ϵģ㲻֪мǧˡ
ħĵӣӽ򣬵ƴԼִֻʣһ벻ˡ
һ޵ĸྫӢȫһѣžĴѣҪ˵֮ǰѾѪǧ
ͷ֮ϣԡѪħӻۼҪѣڴʱһζˣ
ħΪ൱ڹһԡѪħٻɹٴ˽硣סеľӡ漴Ȼһģףħ٣
ŻӡΪһɫȻ֮ϼȥɵһ룬¡ֶ£һɫɫɫɫкɫɫɫ磬׷׽£ħͷħӰ֮ϡ
ǧ׽٣γµķ籩ħʵˣΪϾֻһӰ׽֮£վⲻסȻ
漴һ׵罵£ħӰȻġ䡱һȻΪһɸҵħ籩ɢ
ɢ֮ǰһȾѪɭվ΢΢ſһЩûпκˣֻǶסֳǧͷӡͶһƳ
һ۾ƽɭ䣬·߸ϵľӷһ˿ɱ⡣
ֻݵһƳκιͷȻͬˣħٷ·Ҫһ˲ûϢ
ǿǿסˣȻٴٻ֮磬Żָ
ˣ嵽һĴڵжǿֻǱɢһһƳȻͲ½һЩɥһħж£
Һãûܳɹ½磬Ȼ½ʮλʦҲһġ
һȻħһۣ£أ
ֻҪ䲻ܳɹ磬ʤ£ҪҲб½˵
ȻħӰʧ½޲һħȴֱԳ֮ء
ôô
һ̣ħ桱Ӧ۳׷ħˣʧѾ޵˼㣬ûˣֻʣһˡ
ŷյħڣʵǣٲԣһתֱӳɱ۾оɭ
Ӷֻͨһֳǧȥӣȴ顱һֱӵʮ￪⣬ǱɺѪһ£㱨ϡ
ԭͲǡħ桱Ӧ۵Ķ֣ʵ֮ġħ桱Ӧۣڸâʵ½ѹƲסһ׳ڣֿܹ
ΪĲ࣬һ̣ʾǵ蹵һľ룬ҰܣͷϿյľӡڻ¡
ΪˣڴھӡµˣȴȻǡħ桱Ӧۡ
ֻ¶һɭȻЦı飬һţȻȻľӡץȥҪգʹþͷԸʹǾʹݻ١
ȻҲ֪ӡҪԣ֪ܵĿ£ԸղһƱŭʵȻΪʵ
ʵĿ꣬ȴǻǻռƬռ䣬Ȼץȡľӡ
һӡ֣ǻ٣Уκвͬһˡ
Ȼ״۾ȴû¶֮ɫһƬƽվԭأȻҲû
״ħ桱ӦһĨɻ֮ɫܵظܵ˲ԡӡѾߣܷΪʤһ˿ᡣ
û֪ʹħǧֶŽ˺жΪ˻ԡѪħӰԼһΪȼս룬״ֻ̬֧ϢϢɱΪ϶Ҫ֮֡
ԣץסĻᣬŽڣҪȰľӡ֡
˱֣ţϵ⣬ƾ׸ûκηĻᡣ
ǣõģʵǲпġ
ħԸԳɹöϽͭӡץʱʼǱĴУ漴ȻоԣöϽͭӡһ˲ɢǧĿɫ⡣
ɫ⣬ͬһһϻ˲佫ħ桱Ӧɸӡ
͸Ϊ׾ʦһħǿÿ£ɫӳ֮£ȴûκη֮ͬһֽһ˲䱻ǧǧϸס
漴нٴα仯ΪһϸС֮Ĵߣħ桱Ӧ治֮ɫæתħסЩϣֹѪҺʧͬʱЩ⡣
ѾȻۼһγһͷľ޴Σɫ׵ڲ˸Żذľ޴
Զڣһ֣ɫȻըһ˲ڰƺĩա
㳡ϣһľ죬ȫ˼ͬʱʧϣҲκǰҲһƬڰʲôҲ
վڹ㳡ԵȴĿתضһĻȫˣΨһ˲Ӱ졣
ֻ㳡ħ棬һ˲䣬Ȼɫɫɫɫ׵磬ͬǧɫСߡ
Щ磬֮ĴҴܣͬʱħǿֲħҲһ˲䱻˺ѣȻը΢ĩķ۳

ħһţʵԹ죬ױ׵ը˸ɻ
ķɻѪҺ·ߣһ˲Ͼһۼ
ͬʱв֪ʱһöԲ
ԲħҲ֮顱һѣΪһˮƬһء
ԭԲĺͬõйɢɢУҲ
Ǳѱò԰ѩͷȻգۼָһͷںڡϵƣҲۿɼٶȣѸٸԭ
ԶӡΪһϹ⣬ȽȽġ
ƲϽͭӡ۾в¶һ˿ѣο֮ɫ
ˣˡ
૵صã̧ͷգһʱ֪Щʲô֪Խ磬ӭһԶ̫ƽ


1035 ڣϣ
ħˣǰ۵Ӵɫħ˷ɢͬһɫĹꡣ
꾧ӨһһƮ㳡κһ䣬ս
˶ͬʱסˣԭأá
ͷӴӰѪɫҲѻȥ˲Ѫɫ½ǻΪѪˮԶվԭһɢħӰ۾лε𺳺ͳɣ·𲻸ġ
½һǧ꣬ǧǰŪ½ʬɽѪণƺΪ޵Сħ棬ˣôףô򵥾ͱһɱˣ
֮ǰ֮ǰ˶ʧܵ׼Ȼ֪ʹʧܣҲ赲ħļƻȴòôȥ
ĳɹУԼǰ
һеһֻΪħ桱Ӧµӡʵ̫̫ˡ޵еģû˸һɡ
ǧǰ԰ʦԾżԾɱˣˣű
ǧһȺɱʥ˾պۣ¥Ṳ̊аɽµϴڣպգ
ڣֻһˣɱ½ͷܣһƬħ棬ȴˣôףô򵥡
ϽͭӡʲôΪʲôǿ׳ڷɱʱѽӽâħ棬Ƕô죬ô˼ľٶ
˶һãȻ²ⲻ𰸡
˶УվȷӦ
պڿħ桱Ӧ۷һ˲䣬͸оãһԣȻһݣȻԼĶ칤ɽš칤ԪԼԪ¾ĵӣսȦ⼱ȥ
պһ˲䷴Ӧ˹ãʥˣҿӣ
ħȵӣλħϻʥŮۣƷ桱а䣬ʤѩȣ׷׾ҲԼĶֳ֣Գȥ
ȻҲѾħ桱Ӧۼ֧ս֧Ҳ̮
ħһֻСպãʤѩϻʥŮۣƷ桱аȼλ
һߣȴɻ칤ɽţ칤Ԫţѩѣ֮ף¾ӳḡѩӦѩ飬Ҷͫͫ֡ɴӰ֮硱ʵȡһʮλ
λʮλǴھԵ·硣ټǱ߻һâġħ桱Ӧ۶ܻɱġħһߣûκʤ㡣
ʱӣ˷ӦһһΧɱ
ħȵĸ߲ˣҲˡ֮ǰһ·ʤյħˣһʱԭأЩܲͻȻıĻ硣
ЩԭأЩȴҲܿ췴Ӧæһ˫ۣߺŸʲôʱˣɱ
ɱ
ӣҲһͬӦ˹˲䣬ڣһ壬й¾ӣԪᣬͬʱɱӶȥħˣΪ׵ļλħպãϻʥŮ۵ˡ
ħȵײĵȻΪûͷߣܣպҲ˻
Щħȵĸ߲һѣǱڴ½ĳһԺһȴֽɿֲƻ
˾ǻŻȥǼУ֪մ˶ٰڵӵѪ˲ٰ֪ڵӵޣ
ǰûᣬڻǰ˭Ϸ
ǣҴĵӣֻҪһж֮۾ɱȥ
ڿҰɽҲ˻׷ǵټǣ㳡ѱ˵ĴսΪһƬƽأڶ෿ԺȫЩߵħ˸ûп伣ĵطܲ㱻׷ϣ漴һΧ˿ʼ
칤ɽԪ񣬹¾ӳԪᣬһζˡպãһλһλװ벽۷壬Χպһˡ
ʹֳƷɱսǣκ칤ɽԪҲһƷѷɫ٣Ҫ˶࣬ȫѹպá
һսպøһս·硣ۼħѳɶ֣ȫû˼ӲƴĴ㣬Աߴӡ
һƶ磬ԽԽպап࣬ȫڱ档
һߣѩѣ¶˷Ůۣ⻹֮ܿҲ·磬ɱֻǳ¡
ףͫͫսϻʥḡѩӦѩ飬סˡʤѩҶ֡ɴӰ֮硱ˣסа䡣
ƣɽݵһ㲻
ħ˾ĹһʧȫûмսȥսǸĴ·硣
գƬ̣ǷŮ۱ѩԼ֮ɱ漴ףͫͫҲһӴܣսϻʥɱ
˻˵³Ҳע
ʶħʣĸУԡպһˣʵǿвѩѣ֮ɱ
ףͫͫΧƷ桱а䡣
Χ¡պʵǿΪٻûվܲסȺǣ칤ɽŸеɱ֮һؼ̴ţ
еɱҪ黹ڳڣԭġ
⣬֮ǰսɵֽϣеĶ컯ҲΪ˵սƷ
ѻ٣ӽ֮󣬴½ٲһţ˵컯պδãҪڵͷˡ
󲻵һӣƷ桱а䲽ĺ󳾣ɱλаɽһͽվҲߵյ㡣һˣɳƱ
ۼħȫʤѩԥƬ̣ȻһϵľٶȻȥ˫֣Ͷ
һĻΧġḡѩӦѩסˣҪæĸţҲԴסˡ
ûйģûмôûйġ
һ뵽ħ桱Ӧ۸ħڶ߲ȫ䣬ֻһ˶棬翹ȥҲѱɱˣʱͶһʱɱȴҲ΢Сļʱ˲һɡ
գΪսûгֹͣϾ飬ǾʱѺӡһΪһܣ漴ʹȥ
սΪ࣬ս⣬ܿҲ䶨
ħȵӳߣ˳ϵħȵȫɱ½Ǳ˽ħ֯վɻҲûĿܡ
սĻڵӿʼʰսԱǷħȵҴ棬ͬʱǵĸٽƺˡ
϶˷ܵģâġ
Ϊħ桱Ӧ۵İ޵ȡǰδеʤǰڰ´Ӵ˿ʼ
˽ΨһҪģ廳ߣؽ԰
ƵҪʱ޸ĵҪʱ䲹䣬ʹҪʱϡͣҵĸҪϴơ
ֻҪڣƬ½սԶδǰӻԻͣá


1036 ڣ£֣
Щ飬ɵЩ
ڸ߲зһ壬¾Ҵߣȴͬһʱ䳯վڷ֮ϵȥ۾г˸м⡣
ħ桱Ӧ۸֮һֱվûвμӽΧжû˻ָ
Ϊ˶ףû½ﻹʤĸ֣еµġ
ûͻףǧħħ棬½δϣ
ڣһжˡȻͬɻδƴ½ϣͻǸǧ˵Ĵ˵λɱħ棬ը÷ɻ
һУգû˻˶ʡ
Ϊ½ǧһλ׾½ʦһˡ
ֻҪ羴׷ǾѾ㹻
վ˴½۷塣

ʵɱħķܼ򵥣Ҳðա
ճɹˣΪʤߣվ󣬶ħȴʧܣ
ħʹħؼħǧأΪһ˲âʱ֪ӲƴʹԼӵоӡսҲпʧܡ
ʧܵĺ֮ܳء
ԣһһļƲߡ
ʹþӡҪͷҪͷţôˣµһֶѡ
㶨ħڼʶӡ󣬲ӡСһлᣬһߣԼʹá
һļƲߡ
һᣬӡգһ֮ȴӡԭأȻ󣬱ħץסᣬһץס
ڴ֮ǰѾȡ˵Լž򣬽㳡ϲ֮ǰħǧԹ꣬ȫռȻӡ֮С
ÿһԹ꣬һ
ǧԹ꣬ǧ
ȻЩԹ궼ǿ󣬺ֻܶ޸֮ķˡһ٣ѳɹģһǧ飬һĦ࣬ʮ֮ޱ޼ʡ
Ҫ˵ǧԹۼһж£
γɵ֮жǿ󣬸
ռ㳡ħ桱Ӧ۶γɵԹ֮󣬾Ͱþӡķ֮ͨ򣬲лȫԼǰʹþӡɵӴȫӵ˾ӡķ֮ϡ
Ȼ󣬽ߣ¾ӡɡħ桱Ӧץȡ
Ȼħ桱ӦûѹջȻоЩԣһץס˾ӡ
˲䣬Թһ˲ȫ֮ȫǣħ桱Ӧ۵ϣ˾ӡֲ̺췣֮
ǣһ˲ը죬ǿڣΪ費£ǺܿУױը÷ɻһʬ¡
ǰһԹ߲ʣʧ䱯ڣأ
һˣվƶб£ܵУ಻Ϊһ̳
ңΪ˼ƣԼʹþӡɵӴѣתӡʧȥԪҲȫһ˲ٴΰ׷ڣعഺ
ȴû뵽ˡ
ըѣžĴҲΪʹһľţڱžڵסħ桱Ĳ֮ϣҲʼգӦˬ
ɱˡħ桱Ӧ֮һ˲һľ磬ϲ
˫ۿյģã޽࣬ȴֽһо۵ס
ˡħȸλ߲㣬硰պãϻʥŮ۵ȵһһˡʤѩľͶǸܵħȵӱһһҳɱ˴ʤĸڸ߲㣬ȫԼվķ֮Χһݵı顣
ǣƺʲôûп
ǰ£ħˣսˣ½ħ֮ʹսᡣ
ǧ֮ǰǰû飬ڵĩȴˡأ
ԼԼʹ½ʹȻػ壬ػⷽ磬ΪˣԸϽϽĵ·Ͼ
ħأ
಻ǧħȷ֮һһΪħʹܶ±ӡǧ꣬ٶȳغҲͼԼͳһ£ưһǷѾħͨħ߲ǰӹܡ
ʧܣֺγΪԼȺԼڵŬ
ңħȻˣ˭֪ĳһ죬ǧħвһħһռͨӶ
Ȼǧħйͨ½ͨǾʹϹ֮ʱ϶йֻ˷գϢͨ
ȻһǾͿеڶ
ȻֵܹһǾͿֵܷڶ
ԣʱĻֹ½̫ƽ
ңһμʹǧħҲǧеκһ
֮£иķĻĳһ죬һһǿֻ⣬ͷ½Ŀռڵ㣬ͨӶǿ½磬Ҳǲܵ顣
֮£˭˵һأһ򣬾һ
ңʹƽЩãңԶĵǣֻڣ½һսʧأʳȫֻ칤ɣ
༸ڣҪôֻʣȼӣҪôǸɴ೹׸Ҳؽⳡʤкοף֮£
ڴӽ󣬹ֻʣ칤ɣˡ
ܣаɽҴţҪؽҲ֪ҪѶõ£ôʱ䡣
ҺãվؽĻᣬؽļֵ
δܳһʱ䣬½ƶϢĽ׶Σκαҡ
һ彫æؽʳҿԽѾʧȥϻ꣬һͳһκ谭ʥʶɵ׳١
ԪὫؽϹŹ¾ڣյӣΪµĴ½֮һ
½һͳ칤ɣڣҲæڸϢؽɽţյӣѪ
ţҪæؽţָ
Ϊһķټϻ½һˣΨһһλ׾ʦӴֻ֮±һԾΪµһڣԽ칤ɽڣΪ޵繲
һУûʲôϵΪֻҪδ꣬½ûʲô̫ı仯ٳ֡
ͻףѾԽ½ĽޣȨ֮ûκιϵ
ʱ˿̣Ӧħ濪ٵħͨ뿪ǰǧϽ硣ǡǡ෴ֻȥԼ뿪֮·أ
һ絽յ㣬Ǿյ㡣ν㣬νĲʵҲظһ֤ԼĹ̶ѡ
㣬ͻ˷㣬硰պ㣬Ϊ׷ȨϧһдۣԳԼĸΪۣʹպĳΪףΪâǧǿգУа˿֣
ڵ綼ˣǿΪٸߵľ磬кã
ԣħ棬ػǡǡӦߵĵԼѡߵĵ֤ԼԼֵĵ
ǧ֮䣬ܴڸߵľ磬أЩʲôϵأ
ֵص㣬ʱ䣬ֻԼġ
ؾ
ңҲȫû뿪Ļᡣ
ȻħѰռ侧ʯҲܣȻǧħͨ½Ŀռͨ½δؾûзͨǧͨ
ңͨռͨķܶ࣬ħʹõķ˲ܣажһ֡
Ҳ֮꣬Ѱռڵ㣬Ҫǧ˵Ѫܴͨ½ͨҲδ֪
ֻЩҪʱȥѰңȥҪʱ䣬һЩ
ֻһ죬뿪Ƭأգ׷Ѱߵľ硣
һУⷽزֺ֮
Ȼ뵽˵ڵܶУرɮǰ˵Ļˣǰ;Ҫ뿪½Ҫħħͨ뿪ͶȻûκѶȡ
Ҫ½ȴֹħɹħֽͨݻ١ȴԾ˵·𣿡
ʱԣûκԥֻɫᶨԥҡͷڣ
ǰһΪκºڡ
Ψһ£ڡ
ȫ꣩


걾
Ȿдͽˣ½ĹǳᣬõҲȫԼδľ磬ԺһдһЩƪ⣬ƷУط֪ͨ
걾϶кܶ˵һ¡
201412242017712ʽᣬʱ߸£ӽʱ⡣پʮ򣬽
ʤѩ޾װ֮⣬дʱһС˵һС˵һһٶ֣ȷ⣬Ǳǰ󲿷ʱҶڸ£ϲ㣬ǰԼҾöٻһġ
һһٶƽÿҲСʮֵĸ£ÿһ£ҶĪĽȻЩոһһٶߣʤѩġ
ҴٶȡʤҪĽĵط
˵˵Ȿ顣
һʼдһЩط⣬ΪǵһģҪ෽Э˵ʵڻЩطĹȣѷұ⡣
Ǻ˽˵飬ǶȽ޵߶ԣˡõ𵽻㾦ã϶Ҫգʱ̫ںЩǡǡΥҵĳԡ
˹ֻһָдЩá
趨Իɱȡƹƹһ췣֮Ȼ췣֮ΪװƴĹߣΪһЩûʲô񣬻ɱΪʲܻƹҾЭˡ
Ҹĳþ߶ԽдԽƫߣָֻܰǵıʵӦһо棬ָѾΪһߡ
֮ϧʳ֮ζ
ҵʧܡ
˵ãûƵĽ֮ķ磬ҲǾ鲻ԭԺһڱ֤ƫߵ£ȡһЩ
ַǸҾû⣬Ҿֻȷһˣ˽;޸ġ
⣬޾趨ģһܴ磬ܹݣһݾڵо飬һݣǽ׺ǰľ顣
ֻдݵо飬Դˣ˵Ǹ
ԭж
һ½³ᣬ˵׷ʵһɲ䡣ѾΪ½ۣ½ħҲѷѾǳɹ
дɲдȻûдźԺлƪ;ϡ
Ȿĳɼ˵ʵЩáһԭһݿҲԼķ񲢲ʺĿǰߣվԼȷҪһβ
Ϊվƾ׻ǮҪ档ⱾİȨΪ׷ǳ޳ܵĵҡ޾򡿵ƣȥһͬȫͬϷȴͶţⱾǷˡ
ˣվҪ걾飬ңдҲȷеˣټһЩ⣬Ȿдֹź֮ұǸ
ʵ·վ͸걾£ΪûаѺд꣬һϣʼ˵µһᣬȻĵУϵС֮Ӳϵ¡
֮ԲֱӽΪʹ޵ʱڣһⱾдãһƵĽβ
գҰдģдģ趨õĻϴ󲿷ݾ飬Һд꣬ûʡһ֣ûʡκһ飬ûΪ걾걾
βݣҾóκһС˵Ȼ˵вЩ˾òãǿǲʺⱾ顣
󣬹顣
⣬ݣƣͷѾдã֮ǰæҲΪҪϽվˣеʱ²ʱֻȼͺԼȻڷ
ʽʱӦڰ·ݣٲᳬ·ݣҪվİţʱƷ֪ͨ꣬ߵģҶܸмΪĺܲס
ҹ˼˺ܾãкܴĳԽ֮ǰκһǽʦװⱾҶȫҲǰ漸ĽѵܲӦóֵ⡣
ԣԸ֧ʤѩģڴ»·鷢ʤѩд鲻θڣҲлǵһ·顣
߲·ÿÿ鶼ֻһʱ䣬ԵԵɢлҡ
¡
¹ʤѩ
2017712ա
============================================================
ྫУС˵С˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
============================================================