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үүĲҪΣŮҽĲҪΡ
ǧҪѧ޵ľҲҪѧ
Щɸǰ⣡


1 Уķϲδ
ѧAѧ¥ݽҡ
ഺϢѧǣڽݽڣǻĳǵͷŪԼֻԡ
ֻһڵһŵˣͷڲݸֽŬʲôͷϸϸܵĺ顣
˽20Ƕѧһѧ
175֣˵Ҳһͷɾĺɫ̷಻˵ӢҲٷ
ѧȣȴԵúǳ
ΪѧʹĹڣҲһָԺУ
ԸԽҲЩ壬Сֻ飬á
СѧеʱΪŬùĳɼܱǰé
ǵ˸дѧһжıˣ֪ʶļ͸ӻ츳ҪԾ𽥵¶ˡ
ƴȫſ϶ѧ۶츳ȻЩ֮Ӳһء
ѧı߶ȴҪٷ֮һٶǰٷ֮ٵŬ
ʹҲǺѧŲСĲࡣ
ڽݽڵԽԽңͷϵĺҲԽԽʱ򣬽ſͻȻ߽Ů
Ȼ̫Ǻվǰλȣǵ˳к컨Ҷ
˽֮ԭЩĽ˲䰲һ֮Ҷ˽Ľ̸
վǰǸǽһĶh𣿡
ԹԣƯ˵һУͱΪѧĵУ֮ǰǼλУȻҲǺһȻøʰ·硣
ôƯôῼѧӦȥӰӱ֮ĴѧŶ԰
˼˵Ǵ˵еòǻ۲أ
ôǴĹΣһʲô
ң˭񾭣
վſڵĶhҵ˽֮Ķͷ΢΢һ塣
ո19ƾԼʵ˶ѧĹ̹ϵԼΪĳɼڵһоͱǰ¼ȡˡ
յѧû죬־ѾУ԰
û˵ѧкܶ࣬ûֵѧûмˡ
һ㣬ȻΪhżΪɫò
һͷٲƵڳ󣬱ǡôľ٣̺˫»һСС롣
170ֵߴһ˫ϸĳȣǰ͹̵ģ۴ǸǶͣеĻǴ˵еŮ
ѧۣh۾һɨң̾ͿڵһŵΪʵ̫ˡ
ڣֻһǶŵġ
ߣͷhһ䡣
һŵŮʱǰ˫΢΢һУ¶һ˿Цݡ
h˵Ǹ˰ɣȻǲôû뵽㾹лԼ
ңhϸüëһм˵ⱲӶؿշҲ޸ˣ
ŮⷬʱЦһš
ǰվŵߵǰ͵һϣ˼һʶ˳ȥ
㣬ȥλãǽҪˣ
ǰͻȻֵŮͬѧԵЩ֪롣
Ťͷ˿ܣС˵طǻλ𣿡
Ǿһŵλúá
ŵ촽һ鵽вݸֽϵݣʱ¶һ˿Ц
򵥵΢ֶ㲻ãڵһʵ˷ôõλãԾ㣬Ҹû˵Ľȥɣ
һĮĶhɵеıʣ˵ЩʲôʱͻȻһ£һʶվ
ŮˣֵͿÿɣﰭˣ
ϹѧȻߣǴСԸִϵĿαʼǡ
ûȥλֱ뿪˽ҡ
Ųh΢΢ҡҡͷһ֡
Ƿ


2 ׵ĻԼ
̫ˣ
һ뿪űӵҡҡͷ
˾ȻҲܿ϶ѧѵڵѾſˣ
˭֪ءhһЦֻҪԼҲѧ
ǻȥɣˣҲûʲô˼
ǵģúһµģҲ̫û˰ɣ
ǣ˱˵ˣ̥ҶӶأ
Ů౧Թ뿪˽ݽңΣƺרųģ±ȻҲûıҪˡ
ŮĿȥҲ죬ڵʱ´ʧһʱ䱧Թ֮ĴͬһҵŮɷ׷üͷ塣
Һ󷽵һһȴûϹͣǿſȥĶh¶һȤɫ
е˼⹫ΣȻû
Ŷлǣ
꣡
ȱϵ˵꣬ǰ˵֮ʳָѹס촽¶һ˿ص΢Ц
ʰÿαûȥطֱӻصᡣ
壬ĹһڿΣǴٻؼңڿֻǰؼˡ
֮ǰ﷢£ڴߵʱȭͷҲŭ
һ֮ͻȻĳһȭͷҲ˿Ըֻ֮ˣίҲֻһ
ԴӶh˶ѧѾǳ鷳ˣڴ֮ͥµ軹ǵһΡ
h˼֪Ѷˣּҵ淽ԼҪ
ȻҲͶh飬Լү׿ڶµġ
һУԴڵһԼ
궫ͻȻһղȵʱּҺͶżͬʱղؽ磬ЩķչҶѾ˶кպղҡ
νͬжԩңֶҲס
ҶһƷʵԸִһ֮ʱүӺͶүӴ˸ģ˾ͱӦԷһ¡
үӼһӮԼǶhҪ޸
ҪӵĶүȻʮѻ𣬵ڶҲǸôܳ
ԡ
үֻӲͷƤӦүӵҪΪ˴ºͼ˵ĹϵԽԽıŮh
ǰ֪һүүд˾ٶԵɣҲʮס
ּҵĵУûõһ
˵׷ŮˣôŮӵֶûһ¡
үǿϣⲻ˺ͶүӴģԸɴ˸֣εס˶үӡ
ȻϵhܲôϲûȻ
ѧУε磬棬Ϊ˱Լν뾡취
һƵһʰ˼·뿪ᣬߵѧУſֱӴ򳵻ؼȥˡ
ǶеˣȻҲڶڡ
СʱĹ򣬳˶Ҳʮָߵı֮һ
үүס18ţһߵŷʽϱ
յſڣûŵڵļϸݣҲ֪˭档
ƿһȻϣǴ󲮶Լùˡ
Žŵֹͣùص̶ѳһ˿Цݡ
үүȥҽԺ飬үүһԷ
ţ֪ˡ˵ͷһۺֱ˳¥ȥ¥
СӣԽԽûˣ˳к򡣡̩һԵú
΢΢ҡҡͷ輸ϵıһ˿Ϊ΢Ц
ߣ˵ôʲôҲˣ


3 
˲СʱĹȥҽԺүӱ˾˻ķΰү͵˲
үүǰүӵǰүү֣ż٣һˡ
ţá
үӵĿԵúܴͣŶǰӣ﷢һ
үүģҲѹѡ
ĸڼǰһȥɥӵүӳܲסⷬͻմë
һ˳ԹûڲһΪ֪ᷢʲô顣
ȥÿһܶˣĳ꣬Ͽ¥صԼķ䡣
Ȼûãʹִݵ
ֻ΢˼䣬ᷳ̾˿˷š
ӹóһƿ׾ƣߵ̨ϣԶǵ޺֮⣬Щ͵Ĺһھơ
ȣȣ
֣裬֪һô
ǣǶ֪ʵߵ̫ˡּѾϾҪķˡ
ĨĨǣ۾ЩʪͻȻݺݵһȭ˻ϣ߶š
ּңүһµˣֻ塣
ӺŮѾ׵׵ıͭˡ
ŶǽƵһ߰ˡ
ЩǧĹߣû˿֮⣬еֻǺεĽǮ
ԭΪҵ˵үãǺþ׼ʽּҵ֮ʱȴ˫˫˻ؼҵ·ϡ
һɰʯӲײǵı۳
ʹۼ۽ı۸߼γҲ޷ֵشʮֵײ
˵ҽԺȵĻᶼûУ뿪ΨһĶ
ȥҽԺʬʱүִⲻǰȥҲҪκ˵ͬ
ֻ֪үүҽԺʱԭɲǼ·ֱ࣬ͦҲȥŴڿֻ˵һ仰
ӣԺүүһס
˵𣬲֪ĸʧصײһ⣬͵ҽԺʱѾĿȫǡ
ΪԭүүŲȥҽԺų޷
үӵĿǶԵģһ˵صĴҲմᵱʱǸӵˡ
ԺвֹһεĻһ龰ֱ죬Ǹ棬Ȼ޷ֹסˮ
ˣˣ
ֹһھƣѾЩɢʤſϣˮδε¡
ԼʱͻȻˣ˽һ۾鵽̨
΢΢һİеĶŻ˿ڴ
ôˣˣˮԵΪС
ôŤͷһ
ҡҡͷЦЦûʲôҪ£ֻǿղߵüʲô£㡣
ллˣûʲô¡תͷȥػص
ߵô磬ȷ̫ϧˡڻϣԵЩտ
ˣүһѧֵֻһˣҲְ֡
ϧʵ̫ѧֻЩŶĻֵľЧ档
һ壬ӴĲҵҪά֣ǸѧоĲݡ
㸸׵Ǽ꣬˺ܶ࣬үȴִҪּĲҵ
žƿ뿿ſڻϣô˵֪Щʲô
Щ΢΢һЦִġ
㣬˰ǧΧ£Ϊ׳µġ
΢΢һ㶣û⻰˼ʱ򣬾͸оͷͻȻһơ
ʤһᣬ¥̨ˤȥ
أ
һ¥̨ϣɺѪҺ¿ӿ


4 ĵŮҽ
أ
ű͵˿ײǽϷһ޴죬վſڣŲһȺˣǾŵɫ
ˣǺӸղŴ̨ϵȥˣ
̩ض˽һ˲
ϵүﲻͣķ죬ֲ̧Ƶָ˿ŵķ
һԵıķ״үӳ˲ſڡ
֪ᵹһ¥̨ϣԱ߻һЩľƿƬƬѪҺ»
һĻүӣ͵һ˿ײİˣǰŴˤȥſ߲ͣƶӡ
һԵıķæǰүӣ󲦴˼ȵ绰
ʮӲʱ䣬һ120ȻѾ˶ӳ˼ҽԱδ֪
еһҽԺΪҽԺŴҽտҽ͸Ƚҽʩ
ӲãһҽԺڻĹڶǰéĶҽԺѾҽͽ֢ҡ
ҽһλ׹¥ĲˣҪЭ
һʿĳҽ칫ң˵
ڴļҽ̧ͷȻǸʮĴŮ
һͷ΢Ĳ˳зַͣѪɫԲ㣬Ҳ͸һ˿ƣ֮ɫ
ãھȥ
ӵʿϢʫûж飬̴ӳóһСŻʿ뿪˰칫ҡ
˲һСʿȻʫһͷֹΣλҽ߿175ϡ
ô
һңʫ̴׺Ϳ̨֣ϵʵ
ҽҽ̧ͷһۣϽֵͷԲ˿ڡ
˴¥׹£ͷײ̨ϣ­ڹѴѪ
ټԭ̨ϻѵľƿЩۺһ𣬲ڵֹۣܲʱΣգ⻹ؼĵط
ʲôʫ΢΢һ㶡
㿴λҽָCTɨǵĻԲɨͼֳɫģ
ĻڿСִҽѧоλǴԲʶĵط
ڸܷӦڿٵĽͣ˵˵ʶ˥Ѿû־
仰˵Լ²Ŀǰ˵˵ĵط
ʫһ࣬üͷ΢ĶCTɨǵʾ
ȷʾԲһСɫڿٵ˥ˣ֮ǰĴСѾ֮ҡ
˵ҽ֮ͨǴһλܳҽѧģ֪ҽǷа취ܻһ²Ŀǰҽ˵ʫԭ
һ˼ʫ̵ͷУҲܴ󡣡
Բ˵ܹʲôҪûзĿǰԤƻ10ҽ侲˵
ôһ룬ʫҲúеۺʲôڲȥʩȵĻ˻ĻᶼûС
²˳٣ͨ˵ʫе̨չеСһ20̵ֳϸ롣
ʳָָһ΢Ѿ׼ȷĲԴĲͬλϡ
CTɨĻʾͼһǴʶ֮صͻȻԾֹСơ
Ѩ˲˵ǱܣʱĻͻֱӵ²˳׵
һҽʫƽ˵


5 
죬˵ѪѹڽͣH1NP׼30ע룡
һԵȺͲһƿ͸ҩƿڿʼȡҺ塣
̨ԱߵϣĻʾĸָ궼ڲͣĿٱ仯ЩµݣԻ
ʱ˿̣𽥱ҲԶû˵йɡ
ŸݾҵĲͣ¸ǴҲ𽥵ļ
ѽ15ÿӣԤ
һԵĻʿù֮Ħ£վһʱ
ֻһӲĵͼϵ߾ѾױֱߣҲʾ˴۵ĺɫ֡0ϡ
׼õ̰ǰ͵һͻȻָʮÿӡ
ֻҪһֵͣͻϽֻͣͣڡ0ֵϡ
κҽεҡҡͷժ˿֣˳ʧȥҽѧǶжϣѾ
СʱȣʫϵɫѾԵЩ԰ףͷҲ߳һϸܵĺ顣
һ֮ûѪɫ촽΢΢˶˵ȥ֪ͨ˵ļɡ
һʫ̾˿ժ׺Ϳֺ󣬽Ų鸡뿪˼ҡ
ҽͻʿ̨׵ϸһײصƺҲ뿪ˣʬֱҽԺ֤Ϊֹ
ʱ仺ţҹļֻյӦƣ谵ĵƹԵЩɭ
ʱڵĵƹͻȻԤ׵ƵƵ˸ĿҲ˿˿ɫĵ⡣
ӣһ΢ĻɫͻȻ춼Ǻҷֽš
ǸϵİײҲڿ˺·ɵһ䣬¶Ұ׵ݡ
ʱŵ̨Ͽգһڵ״׶ͻȻƾճһ΢׵
һವĴ׶ֱʧ·ڣͬʱ״Ŀ׶ڻһϸϸɫ⻡
ǵʧͬʱڵĹҲɲǼɢ
ΧеصĴɢֽţڼֱͰķ·ʲôûһ㡣
谵ķڣֻǵɫ⻡ƮϿգŤ仯״
ɫ⻡ƺ׷ǰǵֻôһ˲䣬Ѿǰʧڡ
ҲĿɫ⻡ڿͣһʼɢһɫӹ⻡ϲϵĻӷ
ɫƮɢ⻡ҲڲϵСһƮɣ⻡ʧ˲䣬ͻȻ̽һֻõĴ֡
ַֻ·ֻӰӣûκ壬ȴεĽһɫģջڡ
һ֮
ͻȻƮͻأ̨Ͽգ԰׵ļ£ɫ·ڿٵߡ
һɫᣬһöӵĽָĳʳָϡ
谵ڣƮɵʬ壬һĻҪ˿·ǵų񾭲ɡ
Щɫ·Ƥ𽥵ԭ԰׵ĺѪɫļȴú֮޹
ϸһͻᷢⲢ޹ڴ
ԽԽԽԽǿҲʼ˻ĳ鴤ͲƤ˲Ʋ˵Ĺ
һĹȻڻ죬沿ҲһЩϸ΢ı仯ԭԵ͵ò𽥱øӲ


6 ˭
ϵı仯ĸСʱʧؽ̨ϡ
ʳָĽָҲٶȱһ뵵ĺɫ壬ʧȥټ
ʱȻ֮ǰ࣬Ǹ˵ӡȴǴıˡ
ԭ͵üëʱѾøӲ΢Щбϣ۾Ҳ˿ȣͦ촽ҲԱ
Щϸ΢ı仯ûнһˣȴ׵ĨȥǰǺĸо
⻹ı仯ǰߣ֮ǰֻ175ֵѾ180֣
һҹ֮䣬Ȼ5֮࣡
ǰӲϱ˵м⣬ػЩ΢ĳ꣬Ǿһҹ仯֮ڻ¶˳еΡ
峿Сʿ˼ڣҵĳ棬ɵķһС
ܿĹԱǰʫϣһݵӣȻ첢û뿪ҽԺ
ôʲô飿
һƬҵңʫüͷ
ҽҲ֪һŽҾѾˡСʿһί
ʫüһܵ豸ȻڵϣûмԵ𻵺ۼ
ĿתʫϿ̨ϵԭЩƣɫͻȻһɨգ˫ĿȻһĹâ
۾סĽס
Ƿǳһȴ¶ףһء
ĿٴɨȫһҽԱУʫϷǳȷ߳˱仯͵
ɻ飬ʫߵ̨ϣûܹоһ˵һشķ֡
ָոմļʱȴʱһϣΪָоһ־ӦóϵĶ
Ǿ¶ȣ
ϾȻ¶ȣ
ʫŵĵɴ˫ۣһ١
һָ̰Ƶı·ǳʪϢǺ
ٴؿڣ
찡Ȼˣ
ʫ̲סһ
ϸʱһЩϸ΢ı仯Ҳ˳ʫϲɵӡ
ָմʱյ˫ͻȻ˿
һ˫۾
侲䣬˶ǻ֮⡣
˭
߸շǱ߲ԶСʿ;֮ļǼǵøղ̨ϵǸˣ
˾ȻͻȻ˵˻
֪Ϊʲôǰ˫۾ʫϷû˿ĽţȻղŷһУѾ߸ʮѧϰҽѧۣҽҽ
Сһ㣬첡ֻ˼״̬ڲǻָ˹ѣҪС֡Ťͷ˵һ䣬ʫֿ
ҽʫϣǵһҽԺҽΪ˱͵˵һҽԺǵ𣿡
峺֮һ˿ɻüͷ΢΢˼һ΢΢ҡҡͷ
û£Ϊײͷܻᵼʱʧ䣬Ҳʱ䣬ͻȫˡ
ʫ΢΢һЦͷСʿ˵ȥһػҪ
ǣҽ
СʿӦһæܳңȻҽ˵ֻ˼״̬ǰһлǾ̫졣
һСʱĹѾתһػھֻһˣǽһĸҽ豸
Ĵһæµĵ豸ʫϣͻȻʵ˭


7 ʧ
æͣʫϣ仰жͻȻһ٣һĨǵɫ˲˫ۡ
һɲǣ̾뵽ѨǱܵ顣
Ѩȱݣʫˣλҽ֪ʶҲʮȷ˵һ˾ͻ¼
ڿӦþڶ֮һʧ䣡
ֻʫϸտʼΪֻʧȥһʱļ䣬û뵽ȻԼ˭ѾˣɾѰˡ
һ˵ֻζһֿܣǾʧ䣡
ԼҲ벻𣿡
תͷʫһ˿Ǹ⣬Ȼڻ˹Ƕ˵ʧȥ;ʹȥ治֪ĸһ㡣
ĵ˵ͷ
ģҲʱ䣬ͻᶼġ
ʫ΢΢һЦָŴͷһť˵ʲôҪͰť˹ġ
ʫȥӰһ˿ֵɫȵһ֮ʱͻȻһֳĺ˫΢һ˿
ϡѾ޷о﾿ʲôط
߶˼䣬˫쵽ǰϸϸĴһԳһЦ˼ͨķ˸ֶ磡
һ˿ٵһ򻹲֪Ҫ֮Ҳãֻһ֮մǿµҵ
벻ĵһˣȻ䵽³һΪɢ֮ҲʮȥţӣͷԵĲᰡ
뵽ͻȻ췢һĴЦȴһƬǵı
 ţĹǹҲػ磬ؽ£Ͼɱ
бһ֮ɱ⣬͵ְ˴ͷİť
һĹʫϾͳ˲ڣһƽʵôˣʲôĵط𣿡
ڸоҽ
ǵøղСôƺǰŮˣҲѧ
Ҽǲκˣ֪ҽܲЩ鼮ʲôĸҿҲûʲô¸ɡ
Ȼԣһ˸͹
ʫ΢΢һЦͻȻһţùһңǽϵıڹҵӡ
ҲԿҲָأ
18ţ洫һ൱ŭ
ǵһҽԺô£һ֪ͨ˵Ѿһ֪ͨ˵˻˹ҵֶǻ
ʲôȻˣȫʧˣ
ˣ֪ˣòõģǻոġ
ֻһ֮ɫɳ϶һֲֻ绰
һĹԺ̩³첽߽˱
ô£˵ѾôͻȻֻ˹һؾͼ͵ʵ
ô֪
ûػصղҽԺŴ绰֪ͨģ˵СȻ˹ǳʧȥ˼䡣
ʧȥ䣿ɵˣüͷһ塣
̩εĿһأҡͷʧʧ䣬ɵɵӣôܻΪһ̸
ô죿ԭļƻҪҪı䣿ԵЩǡ
ڻ˵ȥҽԺС
˿ڲ裬ϸĥһ˵ôȥҽԺƽʱСӵĹϵֵĻ㲻ӦòʲôɣҾͲȥ¶ˡ
סһҪ۲Сӵǲǳʧˣ


8 ʶ·򳵾Ͷ
ҲãҾȥҽԺô
һ˼ͷӦֱżݳ뿪ˡ
Сӣ󰡣Ȼû
һ˿׹⣬̩Сѹ͵УƵ֡
ڣʱȤĿŵӣ뿪õʫַ˲󻹸һλʮֹ긾ˡ
ʲôҽ΢Цʵ
˿ˣ
ʫϱ˵߽˸ǰܼǵ˭𣿡
ָָͷϲŵɴЦҡҡͷ
ùѽ㶼ǵˣϳһ˿Цݡ
˼ȫǲˡǸһЦ
ûϵҽԺúõǮ⣬ḶҽԺġ
ؽŽɵĿһۣȻϵı仯ҲЩ棺ҽΪʲôֶӣЩ仯
Ϊ¥ϲСˤʱ򣬵ƿƬϹһЩط΢޸ˣʲôġ
ʫЦŽ䣬ؿ·Žɵӣûж˵ʲôֶһҪúϢ֮󣬾뿪˲
һڣһֱԴڲھʫÿʱ¼ҽ豸⣬Ҳûб
һֱͣؿŵӵټʫùһ߰飬ڶһЩ˽⡣
ԭֵʱֻǧ꣬ǰ㣬δĽ׶ΣҲû
ĻϵӦʮֳŶԣôϡ˳̶ȣҶѸӦĴڡ
ȥҲ벻ֻεҡҡͷʱ׵һߡ
һ˿壬ָȳ˼ӿ࣬ʵϵңϵ˾ѾõĲˡ
ֻΪ绹Ǻ˽⣬Բڲ˼죬ĽӴйϢ
Щ˽⣬ҲһЩӡҽԺҪ뿪ȥʶʶ
ǰʫϾѾϢ˳øһ飬֪ԼѧǶѧһѧ
𴲻·˴ͷİťʫϡ
ҽҵѾõĲ࣬׼Ժˣʮָлʱչˡ
ˣҽ𣬲ô
ʫ΢΢һЦһ˼ͬĳԺҪ󣬱Ͼ⼸ռݣоѾ㹻ˡ
ͬչһЦ˫ͻȻ̧𣬹ֱ˱ȭôҾˡ
ⷬٶʫһЦ˳ǴĶģִͲôкˣټֻҪӻ־Ϳˡ
ԭ
һ˿Ȼɫ˸һûע⣬ѧ˹ŴЩˡ
ˣԺɣʫݸһЦȥ֮󣬼ǵö˽ָҲܸõİӦ
ҽԺ·ϵһжеʮ棬ȻڵҲЩǰʱ򣬻Щ𺳡
ϵ࣬ȻΪݽߣûĵ·ⷢչǻƺҲʮֲأ
Ȼʶضѧ·Ⲣѵֻߵ·ߣһʿĿ˽ȥ
ʦ뵽ѧſڡ
ϣ龰ǿ̫ˣʶ·ҳ⳵Ͷˡ


9 h
ڳ⳵˾ݵĳ˼С·󣬲СʱĹ򣬾Ѿͣ˶ѧſڡ
׼³ͻȻʲôڴһ϶ʱ¶һ˿εЦݣڴȻտҲ
ϣ¶벻Ǯǰ˳⳵Ǿ͵øѡ
⳵˾һĶԱߵüë߸ߵ𣺡Сӣ㲻ûǮɣ
ʦ˼
εЦЦҸմҽԺûǮˡ
ʲô⳵˾ʱһĵù࣬Ƕѧѧ
ǰǶѧʷϵѧæͷ
Ǿͺðˣͬѧ渶һ£Ժٻͬѧͺˡ˾һЦݣʮԼĻǷӦ
һʱͬѧȻеģؼһҲǲˣȥͬѧ
˼ôźõʱһԶԶôѧУˣ
⣬æתͷ⿴ȥ
һλСŮ⳵160ҵߣԲĶ쵰һͷɾ̷ˮĴ۾ģԵúǽСɰ
Ǹ˴ǮûǮˡ˼Դ
Ŷû£СƱһЦ׼ǮͻȻתϣһĹŹɫԭ벡٣ȥˣ
һЦõҡҡͷûûȥݣȽҵǮѰɡ
˸˳ѣ߽У԰˵Ĺ£ƱһĴ͡
˵ˤ󣬳ʧˣʲô˶ǲˣ
ǰˣҲǲˣԲ𰡡ǸһЦղѾ֪Ʊ֣ҲƱ֣벻ˡ
ҽô˵лָĿ𣿡Ʊüͷʵ
֪ҲпܰɣЦҡҡͷ
ʵ˵ʧȥҲһأƱͻȻһЦ˸ʱҲϣԼʧȥ䣬һЩ顣
΢΢һЦֻƱڰο˱߱ĵʱ򣬶һȺĹŮ
мŮǰһľ֮УɵĶ࿴ۡ
h͹˵ŻͻȻһԼϣ޼ɵ´ţʱõĿ˹ȥ
һȴʶĸо
ϸıһ£ͻȻȵķǸȻ
Ǹеһ˵Ĳ죬߾5֮࣬Ȼ񣬵Ҳ̫һˡ
üͷhżý˹ǰͣ˽ŲϸĴһʵ㣬ȥˣ
ûУֻǡ
ŮֱӹȻΪʶԼˣǻ˵һ룬ͱһԵƱˡ
ǰȥ΢Σôͦ˧İɣ
ƱĻhϵ֮ɫŨˣ´һԵʮֲмӡ
Ϊĸߵ㣬Ū˧һ㣬ܺлԼԶǷݸĵΣȴĲıʡ
Ȼʧȥ˼䣬ǲǰ׳գǰŮƺʮֲ˳۵ӣ仹ᵽ֮ŻԼ
ѵΪԼֳìܣ
ͷһת뵽ϾǾϹŶ۾֮ḻ൮ʷûļƾá
׹ףµɲ֮ǰǸ߳磬ݺ޵֣ųƵһֵĲӣ
ȻΪʧһȴѾĿ֮С
ѵһŮң


10 СӲ
hһñ΢Цŵɫ΢΢һͦ˶ƺߴ˼֡
ߣԼΪһںֶҪ޸ңһԸȢ㣬Ϊµ˶û𣿡
Ļ³һ̹ǵĺι˶һȺŮԭЦ׼ֵǣɲǼľ
㣡
ûȻķhһʱſڽ֪࣬˵ʲôźãֻ㶵Ķƺһʶһ
ʲô㣡޸˭ͼ޸˭ʲôϵӽ쿪ʼԼȡ
ĮȻĿһ۶hһĨЦ
˵̫ˣ
һȺŮŷɵʱƱͻȻһЦı۰Ϊż̫
һЦǽĹһ㣬Ťͷ뿪ˡ
ҧгݵĿȥıӰhɫһ粻СȭͷҲ߬Ľģһ޵ӡ
⣬ʲôаŴľŵ˵
ԭȥҴĽݽһѾֶߣΪԭ򣬴Ϊh̫Ư
hĹϵҲ𽥱˴˳֮ĻԼ˵ĿһΪ䲻϶h
Ǽ׼Ĳ磬Ӷ˵ʱȴͻȻϢʧ˶ѧ
һ֪ѧУ˼٣˵ҽԺסԺƣԲûϿΡ
ò׽h׼ĳһ뵽ͻȻ˸Ƶãȫ嶼֪롣
ղ̫ˣ
ƱıQţֻ۾Цгһ졣
ôŮԭй𣿡
ǺһЦƱûɵһá
ֹйڣֱܴ谡ƱͣȭŭĻһ£ѽݽҷϸ˵һ顣
ô˵Ļh˻飿üͷһ壬Ҹղ⣿
˾£Ůʲô˲ģһЫĳ
Ʊһһӵ飬΢΢ʼ磬һÿɷӡ
ι㲻ǿƯ־ÿϧ˰ɣƱɵĶһֻҪ˵ǣ̵ͷߵģ
ȻǣֻǾþˣ̫ˡһЦҡҡͷ
ѽŮһǻˮԶĺáƱһĲмߣҴȥ༶ͬѧ˿ɲУȥʶһ°ɣ
˵ͷҲʶ·ֻܸƱˡ
Aѧ¥ʷϵࡣ
Ʊһ·ƣ˸ǰţ⻹ûţһͻȻӽ˳
һ΢ЩʲôȴԼĳ嶯
ΪǰƱһ̧һ̣ʳָָȻסһöɫķڣͷƱ۾һָ
ºƣƿǰķڣƱָŽһ͵ضһ⣬˵˶ٴˣڽڣһͬѧô죿
˼˼ǸгºƵæǸһڨڨЦݣ೤ˣҲǹģⲻһʱʧ
Ʊûİһۣ˵㼼ͳɣƫƫͬѧǰ֣ҶӶˣ
߽˽ҵƱһɸֵζһ˦еķȻʧȥټֻơһ󣬷Ȼ˽Һǽİϡ
û˿ƫкģ


11 Ա
ⲻһĻȴһһǰСŮƱ
ͨʱӺ鼮ϵ˽⣬ԵϵҲһ󲿷ֶϡƽͨˡ
ǰƱȻѾͨ˵ķ룬Ȼû޷жϾʵǱͨǿ嶤ʵˡ
ҲûǾƾһ˿ľǿҲԶͨˡ
֮ǰȼѾ˳ڹ徳Ľ׶Ρ
еȫЭҲǿ࣬Ϲ徳ǿܣ֮ͨѾǷǳǿᡣ
ͨϢϸıȶԣΪһԱŻҪ뿪ҽԺȥĴʶһ
û뵽ŸջصУ԰֮УƱ͸һСľϲ
һ˦׵ʮĴָСĿ꣬׼ȷȣƱѾǳˡ
½ͬѧ
Ͻ̨Ʊ֣ȫͬѧעվŵ˵
ҿ϶ѾͬѧǰһЩ仯ΪͬѧǰʱˣҽԺ˼졣
ѾõĲˣǶʧһЩ䣬ͬѧЩģˣԽʶһ¡
Ժȡջָ䣡
һ˵꣬Ʊͷƣȫ඼һҵĿһƱû뵽СŮôк
Ʊİ£ֺͬѧʶһڰ༶Ǣʱڽſؿ˿š
ͷһһλĸŮվſڣǰ׳СװǳеȹһͷƺɫĳԺ̳˷٣ǰһƾƮƮڿ۾һԷ·˵ˮۡ
Ҳǰͬѧ
ٺһЦ۾ƱΪŮҲûЩѧٵӡ
ȻˣʦǰĸԱʦѧҵУν̣ԿᡣƱһЦ
һ°칫ҡ
΢̧һ¾վſڵ촽˵
һɵվŵƱɵһĺ󱳣ʦȥأֲ㣬ɵվŸ
Դ˼һЦ߳˽ҡ
¥ݾͷһС칫ڣºֵ˱ݸ
Ѵŵľ˵һ֮˼һ͵ЦЦʧļϵѾκˡ
ƽʱѧϰ棬ʲôҪģʦ鷳
ȻʮָлһƱͻȻ˰칫ſڣ˵ûҴȥԷ˳ϤһΧĻ
Ǿ೤ˡ˵ͷ
ٺ٣Ҷͬѧ֮ͶѡƱˬؿڣ뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ƱУ԰ĴתԹзֳĩ˻ȥᣬֻͨп롣
ôһǽ޷ĵľ
ղڣӣƽʱûϰɣ
һĽӴƱϤ࣬ƺҲ׽
ʲôСѣڼҵѵֱС׼סƱںĻ˻֣ĿһۣôҲ
ǰҲһأζһЦ


12 һ
£Ʊʱ۷Ź⣬ϸĴһͷʮĵ
ڵ壬ǰҪʵܶడһ˵ţƱһĴĴ˼¡
Ȼ֪Ʊ⻹⣬ȴĸоÿһĴ򣬶ϵĹؽӴһЩעⲻ΢СȺ
Ĺĵط࣬ƱеĹâҲԽԽɾȵĽ
ĹǰƺһˣʮЭǶ˺ܾõӣһȫλǳϸµѵ
壬ǴСϸµĵѵǺѶ̶ȵġ
û뵽¥ˤһ£ô
ƱһĲ˼飬ԼҲ¥ȥĳ嶯
ɱʲô⣬ǲˣȻõһôĴδҲ̫һЩһЦ
ǵҲǣһ˿ɾͿˡƱĿһ׵뷨
һƱͻȻת˻⣺ûԺҪʲô
Ժ󣿡
°ͣŴ⣬˼һ΢΢ҡҡͷûأҲǰʲôɣϧڶ벻ˡ
벻볢һһƱջζ
һ΢΢ֱֱʵ
ǰ㣬Ը򣬵ҲȽСôͱ˴򽻵һֱԼǶh۸㣬Ϊ֪ǲᷴġ
ƱƵ˵ܷѾˣǰȫһˣָı䲢
ָָ࣬ƱվҾһλᣬһĻᣬ׵ȥǸųԼ
Ϊʲô͸һԽ壿ͨ˼ʹʮ꣬Ƕʮ꣬ûȷķָܴﵽڵ
ҾãӦȥ󵨵ĳһ
֪ƱлװһԺӣ볢һ¸ı䣬ָȥأ
ڼȫʧȫ׿˹ȥһУʡ鷳¡
ƱٺһЦһ˿֪ҶԼľӰɣ
Ȼˣ˸𱣼ѵҪȥЩɻ
˼࣬ɲȥƱҡҡͷֻһҵĳҲϵװﻹкܶ಻Ϊ֪
üԵЩΪѣǿ϶Ⱦ˸ɣֻǸͨˣôܽȥ
ȫõģƱСһӣбСԸ㶨һеļƣôõֻҪ΢ѵһʱ䣬ͿԷӳܾ˵
ǿʵʱ۾һ
Դ΢Խǰ֮ȫ𲻵á
ԽǹЧķţԽҪ֧ţ뿪㹻ĹֻܱɼһĴڡ
Ҫָǰʵ벻ĿǰǾôȴǺͷ
Ʊ飬˯ͷĸоȻԿƼΪ磬ôһȺ˴ڡ
뵽ϡ鼮￴Щ񻰴˵ȤԽԽŨֶȥܱЩȥ𣿡
ɣƱ沿һӲֻ鹹ģôܴﵽ־أ
֪˵ȷǿԴﵽŴʿ־磬ɻժҶ˵У
˵Ʊһ˿㽡


13 
ժҶɻˣ
΢УƬȻڵϿЩŴʿҲ˽⡣
Ƭеʵļ򻯰档
ڷɵǿȸߵߣﵽԶ˵еĿĲǺѣΪЩ߱ӵ㹻ɱ
ҪɻժҶˣɾȫˡ
ĻҶû˺˵Ҫʹ֮˾ͱҪıǵʡ
뵽һ㣬һӦעĻȻעˡ
ΣҪЩڵʩǿиıԭʡ
ѵЩܹժҶ˵ĸ֣
Ʊô϶ɵʵ
Щĸ֣ɲ·ߵĴײˣġûİһۣƱԵЩƣүүǣҲүү˵ġ
ѵүүҲĸ֣ʱȤ
ͬ˷ܵɫƱɫȴһҲԵЩͷɥ
үүһܽǸľ磬ϧΪ߻ħһ֮²űס
ƱһĳݣҲ֪˵ʲôֻܾһߵȺ
үүѧ츳ʮ־ˣҲүүһϣǸ磬ôȥˣֳ˼λ츳˵ĺ󱲡
ڣүүָǵֻҪܳһλĸ֣žĻԻͣ
˵ƱͻȻҲǰδе£ǸúöСŮֱˡ
ţһԺһͷĴǸţ
ͷԵӣƱһЦ˳һŵ֪ʲô϶뵽С˵ɣ
ͷ
ǾС˵ǸŵԭͣԶҩͰžѧµĴţἰĹʷƱ̻ɡ
ʢʱ쾳ĸֶλ֮࣬ǵİѾ뻯ɱ֮С
ǲ֪ʲôԭſƼʢˣǵƺҲԽԽѣÿһʱڣЩֵ˽죬쾳ĸּѾˡ
쾳磿һ磿ʵ
Ҳ֪ʲôľ磬үү˵ǸˣԱĿΧ书ɽ쾳˴
ƱԵеԺϾ쾳˵ҲֻǸ˵ˣʲô͸˽⡣
˵⣬ġ
ϵ֮һ̾ӡ֤ϵЩν쾳ˣʵͻڵˡ
ԭӦôأЩ˴İɣ˵ͷּʵ
ٺ٣֯бţǻĽ֮ųģȻ˴ģЩһɢɳӣôŽᵽһ顣
ƱҡͷһЦƿߣǻĵһЩҲɳ˵ͻƿ
Ҳ˱һʲôʵ֯
˵֪飬Ҳ֪Ĳˣ⣬ǷԸ뱣ţԸĻҾͲ˵ˡ
ƱֱֱĶ
Ȼͬģȴֵܱ̫ԣװ˼һ󣬲Żĵ˵ͷ
ãǾһһɣ


14 Ǹ֣
賿һ㡣
У԰ֻʣ·ƣĴһƬģе¥ҲȫϨ˵ơ
ʱУ԰С·ϣӰ·ವһٵûһ˵ĺڰ֮С
ӰУ԰ͻһĹǰѾУ԰Ĵš
ӰȻǲȥƻͨĴţԷһתֱܵΧǽ·һԾ
һӰһΧǽֱӷ˹ȥڶӰȴԾ֮һԾ׸ߵΧǽ
վΧǽ⣬·ߵĵƹһգӰ¶®ɽĿƱˡ
ĲҲûһµƱĽ֮˵츳̫ˣû뵽ֻǽһЩļɣѾ׵ĸҵĽŲ
ԴٺһЦҲ֮ǰ̫˰ɣԸһ壬˸ı˵
˵أߣҴȥеĻأԺҪĻҲԵȥƱЦһ⳵ȥֱ֮뿪˶ѧ
Ѿҹ·ϵĳ٣˺ܿĵһĦãмLEDƣʾĸ֡
ŵ֮죬ţΪҼڵϵĳʵ̫ˣǻĹһʵʮۺĿҵ
˳⳵ͷһۺĴãֵʵŵĻزɣģĵضΡ
ȻأΪʲô֯ػὨʺɽô
Ʊ˸۹ֵطܿٵѶҲܼʱĴһЩ⣬ҪܵɽǸϹƻ˶ˡ
ôһ˵ҲеϾ˿ܼķضΣļҲȻǴĽһˡ
߽˵ݣƱȴûа¥㰴ťóһſƬʾһˢ
εһ󣬵ԭİťͻȻȥһµİֻһťʾһͼ
Ʊť͵һֱ¿ٵĽ䡣
ʮӣݾѾͣٶȿŵʱһӴԲε¿ռȻǰ
Ƚ豸Ȼİڷţʹҹ賿һ㣬ȻдĹԱڵĹ
ıŻأţǸӶѡ
Щ͵ƱһЦ˳˹ȥæһ·ȤĴš
һƱһ칫ǰͣţ̴һͳ
˽ȥ칫ںܼ򵥣һװ칫һɳղŻӦ֮ȴûطڵذһ֮ϡ
еߣ΢֣Ķ̷һŹԵʮϣϴһ׿ɵ
˵ĵһۣо΢΢һȻѾɢ֮Ҳʮ΢ǲӦˡ
ǰϣĸӦһ˵ľתȻȽ΢ȷȷʵʵǴڵġ
ȻЩ˻һЩ֮ȻʮִǳҲܲӣһЩüĿ
а뵽ȴû¶˿վƱ
Ǳҹôܵˣ
ͣת½˫ۣһ˿Ĺ
磬ȻѾͻڣﵽںϳھ龳ĵزһתȻǰ֮˵ʵʲô̶ȡ
ʵ쾳ǲ֮Զ


15 ţ
壬ҿҵһѵõĺӣֱһŰƱһ߿ŵ˵һ
½һۣȻһӡ㲻˵ţ½ЩŵģĲ˵ʮͣѾ̫ˡ
ǰҹ˯Ѱأ½˵
ģûƭ㰡Ʊæǰס½ı䣬һĻƣԿ㿴֮ٸʲôԭ򣡡
⺢ӣ½εҡҡͷȻƱҲǺް취ֻôӦ
ߵǰ½ץ˫ָ֣һֱ˼ĹؽڴԽǣ½ıԽȡ
ôأ
а½ת˳ż׵Ĺͷһ·ȥйâ΢ȴûվԭء
ƱǾԲὫ׵Ҫλýİ֮˵˼ļˡ
СӣǲǴСͿʼ壿ʮ½̲סʵ
ڣһԵƱͱ˹ȫǵ֮Цݣô壬û˵ɣǲѵһţ
ҴδΣĸȴƺûκ书½̾һ
ƱһЦϸ˵һľ½Ҳһüëֱ
˵׹¥֮ǰǸûͨˣҽԺס֮󣬾ͱ½˼ʵ
Ʊû˵ǿԱߵ
æ˵ͷȷҽԺҽҲʮֺ棬ϸĲҵ壬û˵оʲô
ţ⵹ʮϡ£ȻҲ˵˱ŵ飬Ҫʽ뱣ţҪһϵеĲԲС
½ע˵ڷڻüһͨԣԺͲ֯ˡ
Ѿ˵ˣԸ뱣šû˿ԥػص
ãôõĵӣʵ̫ϧˣ½ҲԵʮָˡ
ϾĺӣʹѰҲ޼ܹɽţδ϶ǿŵʵ
һϵвԣ½һԱСʱ֮꣬ǰѾȫʧԲԽ˳ͨˡ
ص½İ칫ң½Ѿһ鼮ɫȻװеŷζ
Ǳŵĸֺгľڣ˻еκһֻǴĲ֮ѡ
ݸ½˵콫еݼ£Ķϰˣߡ
Ҫǲ֣ؼֶȻǾܣй͵ѧˡ
书ʽ㵹ǲüȥѧڼҵĹΪҪٵҡ
½Ǳ飬Ʊ˻ص˵ϣûжͻص˶ѧ
͵͵ĻصᣬʮǰǶԾסҹȥĺܲ㡣
ǰһ飬Ȼôһ£½ԴҲȻ顣
۾Ĳ֮࣬ľ룬֮𶼲ݡ


16 ֻ밲Ŀ
ͨԱ֮Ҳ֪Ϊ½ڵϢôˡ
ԭڵϵʮϡ޷֮ͨȫëɲ
ֻͨķʽԶصķȥ̺΢ķţͻӰ֮ȡ
ҪӿмȡȾҪͻƵںڵ΢ֻ΢ǿĸ֪Ӧڵϡ
֮ھ͸ӦĴڣΪ̫֮ǿǿǶɽٺֵꡣ
ʹѾʧ˾󲿷֮ʣĲҲ֮ͨ˿ģֻĳԭڵ֮ܶ
뵽ε̾˿ǰһ죬һɫ֣֮һöӵĺɫָʳָϡ
öָͷ֮󣬼ʹУҲۺĴڡ
ԭһ׹װ֮һ׹װһ߼Ҳֻõöָѡ
ڽָĵȼԶԶķΧԼʹõöָҲûչָ÷ֻ򵥵Ĵ洢
ܹӹ٣˵ҪصĹɽָǽָ꣬Ѿɢˡ
̾˿һָٶʧȻɿýָ洢ȴֻܸӦһСռ䡣
ǿռĴСֻвһһƬյģûκζĵط
һϣʱѾɵĹٹҲˣû˯ǱĿһһֱȥͼݡ
ҪЩ磬ô˽ʷԵΪҪɴѡ˲ͼݡ
ѧͼݹģƴ󣬼ԱȵϻĵĹͼݣռƽ
֮ϸĿһſڵλ÷ֲͼҵʷں˹ȥ
¥BʮܣȫһصĴ飬ķչʷҵ
ȻڻĹڣȻǴӻĵʷѡ˼˴λã¾Ŀ
ʱ仺ţʱͻȻһ˹ȻǺܴ󣬵ͼݷǳɿ
΢΢һԭ΢̷ŴʵˣɵĲУԼ
һЩ죬ΪһȻʶ֮ˣűĶh
Ȼ˭̾ʧȥȤhȻʮƯǺ·ӣҲȥôࡣ
΢е̼СעٶȻص鱾ϡ
hԵ÷ǳüŭ𣬡Ҿ㣬ٲңҪΪеǮͿǰ԰ڣΪҶhʲôˣ
h֪Ƕżҵˣŵ԰
ӵһߣһЦţҿδļ̳ˣһҲûݣ𣿡
ޣĸУҲֵõ̳У
hмһЦŤͷߣһҲټôĵˡ
ȴǲĵĸһ߻ੲݣ߰hǲΪǸּлԼ
˵Ǹɵģôأ
仰˵꣬߹ܵĶh۾һƲ俴˲ԶڴߵĿйâһͣ˽ŲͷҡͷһЦ
˵Ǹ


17 ҵŮ
ӴǴеү
˳ŶhĿһҲڴ߾ʱǻֵĵ٩һ䣬ү˹
ԹԵĿ飬·û˵
Ӵǣͦǻ
Ǽ΢΢һ飬оЩߵǰһǰϣү˵ˣ
̧ͷЩŤһЦҪ椣ҽϾʲô
Сү˵hлԼҲhϽİѻԼȡˣҪ鷳
һЦ¶һڴ
ԭòˣѾȡ˻ԼӽԺŮ˸ûκιϵҪҡ
ҡҡͷϵ֣顣
𣿡תͷ˶h
˭ϵhȴҡҡͷԳһӡ
ˣСүأŲүַŪ㣿
عͷ͵һƸϣ۾ɵĸͭƵģ˵ӡ
ŵͻȻһѾס죬ֱӽˤϡ
һŲ˲ڷμ䣬סĴʹš
ԭΪ绹ȱ˽ûдǣǱ˶Ѿ۵ͷϣǾûĵˡ
ɲǸˣ
ߵ̱ڵصǰһ֣־ס죬ֱӽ˫յôߵ˶hĸǰ
ǵĻԼȥ𣿡
ƽĻУһ˵ĺ⣬ֱֱĿŶhϵѾŵĸһҲҶһ¡
û⸱ģĶhҲЩ£΢΢һСײܡ
Ȼˣǲܾô׵Ľˡ
˿hǿԿڵôүԶµĻԼʹ˻飬Ҳ΢ʽһ㣬ôһ˵ʲô
ԭ鷳
˵ͷ־ŵ˵㶼ˣԼûϵδޣҹԶһ㣬ûУ
ҿ壬Ҿַ㣡Σȸһѵ
䣬͵ץ֣ûôһһȴͻȻһɱļС
죡һֻҲҪˣ
Ļȴòҽе̽ıסͣɴ˫۾ֵҡͷ

һɣˤڵأײײץұۣһ˿Թͷ˳ȥ
ô£
ʱͼѾѧûһ򣬹ԱҲ¥ɢһصΣʱüͷһ塣
תͷһЦûʲôһͬѧм£̫ܵ죬СײΡ
ûһߵԣһŵȫ̧źãϸĵĨȥմϵĻҳղŵȫˡ
վԱߵĶhһһ㶵ģȵԣʼǰǱʱߵԡ
ղŰôˣhװһӡ
˭̧ͷһۣ˵ղǸˣûôֻǰֵĹͷж˶ѣҸ˽ϾûˣСʩͽһ¡
ǰɲģôͻȻ˶ˣ
hĿֱƺҪھܡ
Ҿͦģٲô鷳
ҳ΢΢һЦ
ô
hҲǵһЦת׼뿪ͼݣͣͻȻðһ仰
ǸΪرҲһҪСˡ


18 ٵѧϰ
ô
ǰʷ飬һдһ䣺նݲ紵
˼һУ߳ͼݣûлȥᣬֱӴȥá
ߵʱҲõһźƱһĿƬſƬʽ࣬αװпģ
ֻƱĿϣϽǵǳɫģǳɫġ
Ʊ˵ŵĿƬһΪ߸ȼֱǳȻϣĿǰ߼ˣҲֻǳɫƶѡ
һ·½ķ䣬ʱ½Ծɺһڵ֮ϣĴ
ôʲôҪ𣿡
˫ۣ½ʵ
첻˵͵𣿡˵
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˵ʲôѾ
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½Ҫ󣬵ûʲô̾ʹӦ㻹ӦΪЩϾʱѧϰһ¾ˣɷĹࡣ
һں
½ΪѧϰЩ֪ʶԵʣµʱ򣬷ɸʦԱ˸һݱ档
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ֻǻĹ򣬴Сѧѧе֪ʶͶѾȫա
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ѧϰ֪ʶʱһڣȴΪѾַ졣
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еϷŭˤµϣǻһڣݣ
ƽʱôǮǣؼʱǾЩŪӣǲ̫ûʰǣһƤˣ
ԿŭеϽͷ
˵ǸСµųôͻȻӣָжˣ
ϰ壬Ҳ֪ô˵źáһԥԥ˵
ʲô֪ô˵۾һɣʲôʲôʵʵ˵У
飬ҲһЩ飬ͨһķ
Ǹæ˵ķ˵ǰȷǺܵС£ǰʱƴ¥̨ˤˡ
ҽԺȹ󣬾ͱӣ˵ʧˣǵǰ飬ݶˡ
ʲô£һĨͷһ׹һʲô·Ȱ˸ץ˵


19 ȷһ
һµҲҶ˵ʲôæӦһһ˳ȥ
СӣΪּҵˣû˸Ҷˣҵˣ㲻ҲҪѲƤ
һƨɳϣһڳ˱еơ
Ա˵ĹϵҺڰͨԣⳡȻǻ˳˳ˮǮҲѾ׬
Ϊ֪֮¾ۼһҲǲȡ󰸲СϵĲԣԵҲûͱʲô¨ӣȻҲ鲻ϡ
˱ȫעһҰ˾ļҵṩ˲ıƦǶ׹εĴͷûһǺö
עĹ˾ʵһåŻˣ˭֪˱ȫ
һȺɱڵĿȥ׼֪ôץʱĴλΡ
ŸߵУſڣɫˢͣǰӳʮӡ
ϰȥһˡīһͷëСűǿףҲԹԵ˵
ϰ壿ʶ𣿡ֵĿȺǵƦåˡ
ȻʶˣûǹԹԵĸһˣҲ¡
ߵߣסĸ첲ȥ
ż˵壬ֻͨС죬ҲһʶοУſڣҲִ
һȫ˳СʱĹ򣬳ӾһǰԺ
³ͰнϸĲ鿴һ顣
ʱѧϰѾ˺ܶҪ֪ʶ֪ƼᣬβܸõıԼ
½ڣǽǵȺܶطźͷǰ϶ЩѾ֪ҪЩͻĳ֤ݡ
ߵС죬Ŀסͷǣһ·ûκͷԲ׽ݡ
ˣǶȥɣһ¡
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뵽Ҫ飬һЦ
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´һ˵̻ңһЦСӣ֪㴳ʲô𣿡
ǺǣȴͻȻЦһΪ˭ԭϰ壬ôӱˣӾҪԳͷô
֣кһ˹ƣּҳ˸˲õ
Ҳĳ̫ΪСȻжҶӵһֱۣͰֵֻֽϣȻԼ߰ɣ
һЦװһֱ۵ĹؽڱжѣȴҪԼֽ
һͨ˵ֽѣзϵ³
˵أɫһ
СӣҪ
һСආʱһ־ץסļ
ûлͷֱһײСආϣץ˵ͷһˤǰĲ輸ϡ
һϺõĺľ輸ʱķѣһľ
༸ܵǰۼܾĶһЦ
ãããȻӢ۳꣡ŭЦɭ˵
ϤϰԸһ£⸱ģʱһ׼ºúõĽѵһ
ǰһëһ˶ռݹͣȴû뵽һȭϣʱ˵һԻ˹ȥ
⼸Сආһ֣ʱǰ׷˻ȥ
һΣҲ֪һˣʱװǻƣһߣ
ҷ


20 Ц벽
˶Ҳڴˡ
ֻƾһңȻҺּҳ˺Ƥҵı󣬻иÿҵ룬ɶҪˡ
ֻҪ˿վԸּҲֻСһ׮ˡ
õϰʣµļСආʱԥ׹һ׷óϲŵĹƵߣһ볯˹ȥ
Ҳ뿴˭ҪԼ鷳ڼȻ֪ȻҪˡ
ǰһΣ͵һֵն˵ǰһ˵ĲϣͻȻľ˿Ӷûһɴ˹ȥ
ȫ֮£ԸЩ΢ǿ׳Сආֵѡ
Щ˵Ķĺڹһ
û϶ٹʣСආǻԵĻԣ̱̱תۼѾһء
µʮСһգ۵Ĺͱȫƽŵһֱ̱ɳϡ
㲻ҪϴεҶӲԣǸҲͷ¾ôҹΣ
ɪɪ΢΢һЦµɲ̫ο˵ӡ
ôҹȥҲǲԣͷеϰƷһ£Σ
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ܺáͳһſ˹ȥתſ
ӹпָָϵĵԣУھתҪһǱߵĵԡ
õͬŲ鸡Ų󣬿ʼڵžĲӵĹת˵ԵĻ
ǮѾתȥˣ㿴ĿԲԡ
ǰתĻ֮ϣһ˲䣬ͻȻһņ̀־Ҫ׼ǹ
һĨЦݣҽֱ֮ϣǿ̽һ߷ɣǰǹҲַɵһߡ
ϰ壬Ҫɱ㣬ܵӲһ
Ž渹ڵϵһĳЦôǵ飬ҿɲʲôƢõˡ
𣡱ֵܣҴˣɤӽеԺƾֵܲǲƴǣ
һ߿µߵǰ£ϰô룬Ǽֱٺòˣ
ѵЦЦ˵ЩʲôȴͻȻˣһס°ͣһĨ
һ°̲ͣܿƵһʵĶ
㣡ҳʲô֮Ĵе
ҩĴ϶˵ˣкЦ벽񲣬ûҶṩĽҩ³ң
һЦԺͻȻ˼ǰһӰֻЦ̾ͳħĻ
סˣÿһһνҩٴʲôɵ£򣬺׵ġ
һŭ䣬΢һװݣ뿪ұ
ԸˣȻնݳ׵Ľκķɶɱ˹ʮϸ
µʵ߱ݺʸֻ˶Σҩͷסʱ
ջص᲻ãûƨɣֻһʾƱĵ绰
Ž˵ǱƱƵ˵ˡ
쵽߷⣬ǿҪȥִһЩˣ


21 ðײ
һ·̳Ÿȥá
˻أѾһƬæµ˶ۼڴڣŵĶĻϵϢ
ôˣʲô飿
վƱСʵ
εˣʧְƱ࣬˵
һӶٳʮʣ׼ҪЮųǵԣǰЩʱǵΪڻľڱˡ
ƿ֮УǰЩʱһ鱨ɢǵעҲˣû뵽ǾȻһǹ
˼Ҳˣʵ׼ô죿
ǻӶ׼ִѾƻٳУǾǳɹģ
ؼʣֻҪܹЩʣԸĹӶͿȫʩΪ˼ɡ
˵ͷʵˣ˰ɣֻ˰ɣ
Ȼᣬ㻹¼ĳԱأʵڲҲйˡƱûİһۡ
ҪΪʵĲ֮طǳΣǵڶûȷλãԴǳ֮͸̽ʵλãһϢ˾Ϳˡ
׽ˣԭֻǵȵʹ
ҲǣԱŵ˵ϾǸոռˣҲûʲôսȻǲȥġ
˾½ٶǿһҪԣɳڵС飬ִӪʵ
鱨ԱѾȷʵĲ֮أƽһׯǽͨǺܱԹӶŽʲ
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˺Ʊʵ࣬ڳĽ׶Σ˵ʵҪԸһѾڡ
ͨȣЩ˵ĺʮֵ೤ȻǳԵʡ
ȻտеתΪǱĬ֮£ȴҲܵõ޴ߡ
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˹ȥٴϸĸӦһȷǹŨҵǴ洫ġ
ץסǵıԵֱϵļ͵֮һٶǣ¶·һбб¥ݡ
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֮˷ӦҲ쳣Ѹ٣ǹɣϥһ͵ײС
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ְҵĹӶҵʹӲһԣȭԴ
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ɾһţ֮ʱֽһֵնĲϣ˹ȥ
ӽ˵ؽѣҲ˽ȥƵĵƹ£ʮɫֵŮŮڽ
۾һɨֿһŵӳԿװȫһոµĳƱ
ղŵЩҲź͹Ӷͬ·ֻЩͽ߲ڲ˳ͻ
˿һǮֿ˿ŵһȺˣһʱͷ
û˿ߵ䣬΢һſȥ
߳ſڵʱȺжŵһͻȻһ˹ԵĹӶϣγϵǹ
ϵİȻҾͿǹˣ
ö˵ľȻǸŮˡ
ͻıһȺҲɵˣһ͵Ŀ˳ȥŮˣ֪Щʲô
λС㣬㲻ҲǼ˰ɣѹɤɳƵһЦ
ƨǾ죡תǸŮ˶ʱһȳ⡣
죿
ٺһЦתɣͬ־һһΣǾ͵ûô
һ˵ţһҪǰȥ
𶯣ٹҾͿǹˣŮ˸Ͻһ˻еǹʵһ㣬ͷ£
ããͬ־ģ
εҡҡͷ˫һ춪˫֣ͷȥ
㣡Ů˽йеһˣƤס˫֣
һ㶣ΨΨŵŵĿ˹Ƥ׼ϡ
ʱͷ˫ͻȻǰһӣֱӽƵշײŮϡ
˶ʱһУȴǻصֶŮеǹ˵ҹǽǶ׺ã
ؽˣһЦתٵ뿪˵ؽѡ


22 ׬СǮ
ɿĻԭ·Բʷ׻˹ӶϣȻŴ˵ؽڡ
СĴһܵȷϸû˺һʧ˵ͰΧǽ
תתһӵĹѾվһڿݾǰ档
ղϸ̽ʱѾˣʺеϾҪԱͣʺϴ
һֱ䵽˾ףϸĲغôžڷɿȥ
ת˼սǣܵطϵƱһЩɵĵط
һŲ飬ռҵʱǴؽѡ
ڲ֪Щʲ뿪ǰǸŮˣӺܴ󣬼ƺûˣĵ˳ȴײ˸š
֮ǰ;ôŮ˱ȽΣգղ뿪ʱصеǹеŮһˣûиղô衣
ΪȻڱǲûʲô̶Ʒ˴γԮжҲǴƽ·ѡ
Ů棬һŮϳ鷳ˡ
ȥ֪ͨܲ˵Ѿҵ˱ʣԽһжˡ
̵ļ仰˵꣬תߵһԣͳ绰ʼϵ
Լ˰Сʱʱ䣬һаͳ˴ׯЩʡ
ûʲô
Ʊ˿ǻȥ鿴һղǸŮ˵еɣܲҵʲô
ţ
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˵ӶڿǣͻȻڧ˶˻ˣ߿Ҳˡ
Ʊһ¥ȥһߴ˵ݡ
һĹ˾Ѿ˵ؽڣڵϻԲѵĹӶ
ϸĲ鿴һԭ黹Щôˣɫʱͬ˵֣
˵ˣǸ֣
ǵʤ㼫͡
ƱҲһأϸļһӶ͸һ˿⡣
ÿٶȣ˱ܵʱ䶼ӣ֮˵ʵ൱ߣӶȻôǿ
һҲ˵ͷε²еô򵥣ð㱨һˡ
ΣյĻһҪ׵ƿǵУ
Ҳ׷׵ͷͬǱԶˣȻΣԡ
߼˾ʵͬʱһͲú˵侯ֲҲ׷׳ûʵҪЮѵصؾܿʣĹӶ
Ʊ˻ص˱Żأ½һľҲͽɢˡ
ǾͲҪʱֻ֯һЩĽҪʱ̣ŻҪǵƽʱҶǸ
뿪صصƽǸ߽ׯ
ʦһȥʰ·Ͼ
Ӹ⳵˾һŰԪ󳮣³ɿĽ˴ׯһĹûһ󷵻
ǮⶫǺ⣬Ϊƽʱò̫ĽǮҲûʲôҪĶ
ڱŻѵһڣ˽⵽˵ȻѷǻһЩöڡ
ȻܴﵽЧԼǿԼӿһЩٶȣܱ㻺Ҫõöࡣ
ֻЩܵʶļֵҩ÷ǿҩԣ۲ơ
ҪЩҩģҪѵĽǮҲһ֡
ĿൽˣʹּҼҴҵҲܸ𣬿ּһһ˵ģ塣
ղڵؽʱʱı⣬ҪΪװȫǴֵŷԪ
ԵĹһ£һǧŷԪһǳһڵĻıңһʺƣðײá
ұ¥ҡ
һװСܹĵݸһż鱨档
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ʱûĵСһۣŽӹ˼鱨ϸĿ
ȻʾһʵЩĥ͸ûŪڵûж֮ǰ볹׵ĸַ
ĥ׸ôʱϵֻͻȻǸİĺ롣
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ãϵԵһϾ͵
Сʱ¥VIP׼档
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ЦŽŵҲһĲ˵Ĺͺϵʮǧ
Ǳ߳Ա̸
һߵλãԸԱϲˡ
Сƺȹǲ£Щסˣٶϵܣʲô£ͲҪϸˣֱ˵ǣ
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˼һɻĿ
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˵ͷȷ֪һЩµСܱϾһ顣
ͷһЩǮС⣬׬СǮֲ֪ʲôãϸôã϶ʲô취ɣ
ٱһ¶һĨζЦݡ
ԭϵͶ⣬ôС»õصһ
˿Ц˵
ϸıûУЩһЩĵãϵͶʣϸҶˣ
֪ϵͶ٣
ĩˣСĵһ䡣
һǧҡ˵ͷ˭岻Ҫʲô׬ǮҲģҪֻЩǮܱɸǮ
Ȼе㾪Ȼóһǧ֮࣬Ϊȥ⡣
¶һȻ飬գգ۵İɣǮϸͶʣ϶û⣡


23 żҩ
ǮصѧУᡣ
ԽԽ˽Ҳʼʽλָʵ飬Ͼ̵ܾ
ȻٶȥĹָܻԭʵ
˿ĻסѧУѾЩ̫ˣ̫ѧ˶ӣ˵׼ʲô顣
򿪵ԣѰһⷿϢ˼ķԴ󣬻һ·ͳˡ
Էһ붫ѧԶıСȻ۸񲢲Ǻܹ󣬲ܺͶȽϣһ׵ļ۸Ҳܹͨܵġ
Ų߽СڣĴһСڵ̻Ǹͦģ͵ĲƺľԴͳҲ洦ɼ뿴ȥʮֵ
طסŵǻͦġ
ԷĻ൱ģǸߵСͳ⻷ǮҲ׻
ܿ죬˳ŵ·ԵָʾƣҵǼϵǼⷿϢʮһ
ᰴ˰壬һӣ洫һŵŵŵܲŴ˿
һǳСк˳͸һ˿ۣȴװϵĴһ˿۾
һкֿ˿ⶰǰ11űƣԵЩɻ󣺡﷢ⷿϢ𣿡
ⷿģк´һ
˵ͷ
㿴ɣ̸۸񡣡кЬһ˫Ьǰȥˣҽӵϣԯôƺ
Ь߽ڣһĴһ΢΢Цҽֵ֣
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ֻһĻǧЩˡ
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뿪˻Էֵ˸һסլССǸߵĵ׷һļ׶ⷿԴ24803ҡ
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ųʮȫĸʽߣһĳ嶯ǰ֮ʱĹһҲûһ̶ĵ£ͺһʳ
ȻûԶ۵⿾飬Щ򵥵ĹȻǲڻ¡
ӸĳһЩϣԼһٷ߳ԱñʼǱһЩҩгվϢ
һֹ֮ҩģϹһõļ۸񣬶һЩվҲһЩĺöͿûʶˡ
ͻȻĻʾһͼƬв˵ֶʱͣ
һֲƬϸۻɫӣ滹Ƴ룬൹Ǻ˲βࡣ
ϸıһ˶ָͼƬŴͼƬԳľֲŴͼ
ſţͻȻЦ벻Ȼܿݵľ֥ݣֱΪƣ
ûľ֥ݵݵͣϾѾǵΪһʲôǧҩǰҪһĪչˡ
ڵݵҩ϶һֱӱ³
ԭϹС
һҩĵڵأ΢΢üͷҪҩֻһˡ
˿ʱ䣬ʮ㣬ҪϹȥĻֻķɻֱϹˡ
ϲѯһ¶ֱϹŵĺ࣬жʮַͷྐྵȻѾû˿ϯȥĻֻܵȵڶĺࡣ
ϸ˼һͻȻһ绰ͨ˱Żء
ֻǲʮӵĹǱ߾ͻһ绰˳㻹ѶõĻƱϢֻϡ
ֻʾĻƱϢͷЦЦȻи֯󣬻һܲ飬֮ǰһǸľˡ
㺽ʱҲˣ΢Ѽʰһֱȥ
˵ǻõһͷȲյĻƱȻһɻﵹǿܶΣûʲôֱϹеķɻ
ͷȲڣҵԼλͷȲԵúܿգ¼ʮ˵ĵطȴֻ档
ʹҲ˶ѡ
ĴĴŵԵЩ֣ʱϴһīǽɫڵĺܺá
ɻͷȲձȻǲƱˣǸղıͻȻӵһҪ绰Ҫʱһλ
òպˣҪһλĻȻֻͷȲˡ
ϸĴһȴɻɫŨͨTţп㣬Ҳƽһ˫˶ЬôҲʲôҪӡ
һͨˣȻô
вЩ


24 ٴ
ڱŵİЧʣǺġ
Ѹ٣൱ĸߣĲ˵ͷȲյĴ⣬߲ԶһλŮ
ȻŮϱһīסˣʲô񣬹Ǵ沿а͹µģѾЩˡ
ֻǿ˼ۣתͷȥоϾǵһɻкܶණ÷ǳʡ
ǰС̨ϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ͻȻˣƺǵһɻӣʲôԵú棬˲ͱϲԶĴŮ
ǰûϳƲ֣ǻ켣ȦǣȻûôߵ֪ȡ
ʶˣȴûһ˸С˵ģӴţκӡ
ʲǧԪţɲǵطԵС壬һҵʲ鼰ȫʵۺ񵽼Ȼ
ƹҲŵˣϼ塣
ϼǻᣬ뿪˻Ĺڣں⾭˵Ĵƴڳɾ˽ϼĺպ
һƻع׼ŵͶʷתĹڣڹƴãҵľӪѾʮֳ졣
ǻĹڣһֱûгΪŵͶصأһΣƴŴʽ׼תսڣѰҺʵͶĿ
תۼѾȥ˴£ʱҲ˲ٵĵطصϼĵҲʮ顣
ֻǵĿǰΪֹƻûȷյͶʷ򣬾һ򵥵ĽӴڹڵ廷Щǡ
ؼǣЩԱôϲҲѾԳƵɡ
̰ᣬĶЩԱе
ʱŪľ֥ݺôҩעȫߵϣȻҲ֪ôһŮȻһ·
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ŮĴñ˺ᱡûעֻñʵû۹⡣
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˻ֱӴ򳵵ҩгһұס£ȴڶп
ҩгϹж൱ĳȫصҩ̶ƼڴˣȻҲͼҩġ
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УԭúõĹһҩгϾҩǹͺͺĳҩݾͿԵģҪҩġ
кҩԣǿҩ֮Ҫĵҩһ򵥵顣
Сӣҩİ·ߵһסһģʹҲѿ徿ʲôӡ
ʲôҩô˵ͷӿ˴ǰҩ¨
кܶҩİ˵ǲ֪СҪʲôҩԣ
ҪһЩԺ΢ҩģ𣿡˲ҩ¨ҩģʵ
Ȼˣҩ¨˷óһָ̡ɫĸ㿴ҩģϳɽڳģҩĶǺԵģ϶Ҫ󡣡
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һĻ֪ںˡ
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һС㰡;úԵ΢ɲĴһϵװЦݵ˵
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ҩгһȦ˼ʵҩȥǼľ֥ݵĵطʵһҴ͵ҩӣںԺ򵥾ٰᡣ
ҶˣҩҴһҩģרҵļҩüֵܸߣǵһˣҲңҩıû⣬ڼ۸ʮף
̨ϣһòŵˣװŵľ֥ݣ򵥵Ľһʼ˾ġ
һ۸֪Щ˸֪ľ֥ݵЧã˵ľ֥ݣһ˲ΣҲֻʮ׵ļ۸
۸ԽˣԽģϾϵǮɲǷǳ࣬ҪΪ˽㣬Ȼʡʡˡ
һ̧ۣʮһļ۸£һֽǮһֽľ֥ݡ
ûлصƵֱ꣬Ӹȥ˻˷ضеĺࡣ
صеļҪѡȡҩϣص˴һֻͭʮָߵͭ˫㣬Եʮ־¡
һ죬յһʵҩ˵ڻؼҵ·ʱӭһλЩҵŮˡ
һܣһ߲ͣĻͷ
ںǱӳڣûôǱ
ʱĴ߿죬ջǾͶڶʴУȻطӣܣƲ̫Щ⡣
һֻʮڵʽ𣬵˭ҲСϼȻǵֳĸ·ԱͶüˡ
ֹƵƵ˸ĺѸûϹڱŪЩᷳˣʣµĹ֣Լһĵ뿪˻᳡
λعͶʣ׸䱸һֱڣһ˺޾Ĵһ˳ɢɢģˡ
ϾڻĹǺңûôʶ˸ָȻҲ·ʲô⡣
ǣƫƫͷˡ
ֻ뿪ڲСʱ˴ɱΪ˱һˣǰɲǿŲżȥӵܾܿҪ
ȻӣӵȺ˦ɱ֣ԼİҲ֪ʲôʱ򱻼ˣ˿̵޷ģϵˡ
һ·ʧӴܣԽԽԶ·ԽԽƫ֪ôľһС
谵ĵƹ£߹һӰ̽ٶȣС˳ǽƶҵͷͷסա
ɲûаɱ֣ʲôɫǡ
Ӱ߽ˣƺûע⵽ƵĴڣǶõĶʲôӡ
Ǹ˴߹ʱʶ۽ǵɨһۣһۣסˡ
߽ˣȻǼǰڷɻϣżǸЩɵɵˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ˽ֻһ֮Եͨ;еһƿȷ˲ʲôˡ
µΣ˾ͷ·һͻȻֵľݣû˿ԥתץס֡
ûôһʱͣ˽Ų


25 ɻϵŮ
յһҩڵϵѷҩҲʮϡ٣˵ٵĿ
ʹǵֵҩ䷽ҲƾƳҩϾɸΪ֮ԭҲǼΪҪһ
ƴ֮£뾡취һЩҩԲҩģ˼ŻȥƵҩʱȴͻȻסֱۡ
ǰ˿谵СӣͻȻ뵽˵ϵһĻЩվֵСǣֵط͡
뵽һǸŮˣȻ·ЩۣͷҲңԵһ˳ûͦġ
ŻؼƵҩû˼Ķֱ΢΢ѳǸһЦԲС㣬ҲҪҴˡ
΢΢һ㶣ЩûӦȵͻȻعһȫҧ顣
쵰Ȼ·߳͵С㣡
ιվסߵĽͷһ˦ŭһ
ͷһʱƵɫһȻǸǱδޣͶhͬһŮ
̫ϧˣôŮȻҲǳģѵϵŮѾൽ˷ĵĳ̶ȣֶǣ
жʱһϧϻǱǸһЦתˡ
ι׷ɱңܲܰң
ʱҲûƽôˣֻʵʵ˵ϣܰһѡ
⻰ͣ˽Ųղ֣ôŮôܵڲ¡Ҫ֪ҲΪ·߽ģһû·
ԭɣعͷ΢΢һЦ
Ҿס⸽ﻹͦģǱ߲Զһɳȥﱨþ㡣
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˳ӣ˲ӣһСɳǰȷǷǳ
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һˣĴŮ˵ڣҪ绰ʲôĻǱģ仰˵ߡ
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ͬһЦղҲʶˣԺлټɣһŻȥԷء
ƶʱᣬûܹò˾Ȼ࿴һ۾ÿŻȥԷѵȲһٷ
ղʱЩżֻ浽ɳſڣƷ뱨ˣ黹ǲҪٷȽϺá
Ͼļ屳Ҳкܶ飬ܹ;򽻵ǾҪȥ鷳ǣü˴£ҪһЩ
һֵɫɫһ죬˸ڣһǮûУܲҳԶٷԺһỹġ
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üͷһ壬ʱԵЩԥ
һ̻һģһ
ðɣҿԷ͸ϽȥɣһҲȫ
߽˲ԶСڣʱȴԵЩԥˣ㲻ҪҳԷȥ
ȻǻؼˣؼôԣֵĿһۣȻ˵
֮ǰľٶԥһҲȻˣǰˣĻˣҲ֮ǰıˡ
ϵݣ˲һ͵˰¥սţжʱһ
Сͳŷ޵ǱߵĻѬո࣬ȻϲҲƫĻŷʽװ޺ܺĿζ
벻һװ޵ĲĴһһƨɳϣһŽŲӡ
һķܣŸ߸ЬʱĽŲףղŻûзʱڰȫˣʱʹ糱ˮһϮ
СȻûӹ۾Ӹղ·ƣѾ˶ߣֻʱûѡ
ͦǰŮˣʹǷǳʹȴɱ˺ܺõķȣֻüͷĸһЩóǸܼǿŮˡ
ת䣬ûͶһˮƵĽ˵һŰɣѪɢһЩҰ㰴Ħһ£ûʲô¡
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İɳϣůˮƮɢǷŨŨһʱ䣬ƲɵЩˡ
ֻǸͨŮˣ϶ĽɣиôԼϹһԼҸСҡ
㶳ʱŷ˳ˣɳǰĲ輸һںã򵥵һ
ʢ׷һƵǰ͵ϥһ΢΢Ц϶˰ɣѽǼһ㣬ͳɡ
һӴܣƶͶĹˣǴСܵüҽ̣ǳԵĺš
ȻһףⲢͣƱѧУЩŮҪúܶ࣬˾ú
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Źȥ찡㲻ɻȥϹУһͷȲգˣ
һЦһۡ
ĴˣϸĴǰһԺڷɻϿŮˡ
һǴīŮˣһǰͷң·ҲͰ͵ŮˣҪ˵벻һ顣
εһЦæͷ˼ڷ
֪ӸĲ̫Ҳѹϲˡ̾˿ɫԵЩꡣ
ˣôúõĻᱻ׷ɱأæ˻⡣
ûʲôϵľ֣ͨһЩֶΣﵽǵĿİɣ赭д˵
˵ͷȻƲԸϸ˵Ȼȥ׷ʣϾ˼ҵ˽£ҲֻǸʶѣû쵽ǳ̶ȡ
ܱڴ׷ɱͷǿ϶СģҪ֪ͨ˿ûǸ컯֮Ϯˡ


26 ţС
˳극պӣһëֻصɳϡ
ˣݵҲˣҸɢһѪܿͲˡ
˵ͷһĨߣô󣬿ɻûĽţ벻һΣȻᷢ¡
ԭһ˫۵㣬ȴǴССһһϣһƬƬɢѪ
ëϵˮǡôƲɷһߡ
ָķΧҲ𽥼Сʮӵʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ҽŵĽףһƾһŤ׹ǣİһȦͻȻһ¡
ֻǲһ죬Ť˵׹ǶʱѾԭ
ͻľʹƽгһϲŤһԭȵʹȻʧˡ
ĺѵǴ˵еʦƿѾָ˰˫ţϲʵ
ȻˣֻѧֶѣһǸѧأǱߵĶѧҡͷһЦˮȥ䡣
ϴ𣿡ŽЩߵʵϾڱ˼ϴ裬ǵһΣǰҲھƵѡ
Ȼˡ˵ͷһͰ͵·϶ǲܼˣ߽䷭һóһԼĳ
ƽʱһסҲû·ͽһ°ɡ
ţлл㡣ͨĽӹ·תܽ䣬һš
˵Щʲô߻û˵ڣƾѾʧɵҡͷһЦóһ˫Ьſڡ
ЬſˣʱСĵػ
һתص˷䣬óЩҩݿʼоϾȻҩǾôƣҪϸĿһ
֪ʲôʱѾϴƳ䣬վķſڣڵϣһֵֹĶ񷢴
һͷưڳǣжȥױݷԭȸˮܽأȻȥεζ
ֻһĳΪǴС˵ԵȹӴˣز쳣ͦһ޷յΰ
ȺܳϰıԵĻ˽һ㣬ͻǴ˵еĻƽ
վſڶĿһȫûпܻعһߵߣб˫
֮ǰȷ˼ֱ߲ŷӦƲͷһۣжʱһĨ֮Ĺʡ
Ư򵥵֣ȴʵֱӵĸܡ
ûŮ˲ϲ˿ԼҲ⣬֮̾ɫǸˡ
ЩʲôѽǰһֺֻƵĶƺʵһϸĿ
ҩҩģҩõġ˵
ҩҪЩһ˿ȡ
ĵĴͳҽѧҽĴȻģֻǿɫܺãвӣԲž֡
ţЩëҪڵĵû취ֻܳҩˡЦŽ䡣
ʶһЩҽǵʵǿģҪҪҰܽܣ̽ʵ
ҽѾˣǲ鲻ʲôëֻͨҩȥˣһĹܰѲκõġ΢΢ҡҡͷһ˿Ц
һѾ۵ùǺһ죬ͷ̴ڴǷ
˾ȥ˯ɣϵĿͷбӣ£˵ɡ
ôһ˵ƶʱ˳ˮۣȥ˱ϵĿͷҲֻ΢΢϶ѣƺܷӡ
Ǽоҩ֮ںϵ⣬ƵҩܼϹֻ˷ѲϣõĳҩɶҲûС
ڶһ磬ϴ꣬ƻû𴲣ڴ˯㣬ûȥˣͳˡ
֮ƺֵΣȻǺϤȴ·δһ㣬ִһ˿׽
ѧУһΣֱŻص˼ҡ
һţͷּſڰ˫ЬƵĸ߸ЬѾӰȻѾ뿪ˡ
˫Ь΢΢ЩʧͻȻᣬƺŵһѭֲ߽ϰѾ⿺õʽ͵㣬лһֻ޴Ϻ
ѹڲµֽһоּ
ˣ˾һȥأ˼ˣҲ֪ϲĿζǵô绰Ŷϵ
һ绰룬˸ʮֿɰЦ
ֽûɵһů˲飬ֱ˲˴͡
ò˵Ʋ綥ųȻ֪Σ˵Ѿһˡ
ζʮ޵Եһ޲ڣ⻹ڲ΢£Ǹõʱؿζһɣ
һٴͣķ꣬Ϸĳóһͭ
֮ͭǰίбģרƵҩ
һϸµ˼Ѿ㹻İƳҩȻȷճƷҩΣʧٿԱġ
óЩѾϴɾҩģõϸļӹһͭŵúϡ
Ƚ΢죬˳η˸ַҩģڼ仹ͣÿӽ裬Ÿ˶ǣתС
㻨˽СʱĹŹرúֹʮ֮󣬲Žҿ˶ǡ
һŨʱƮŵϸֳһ˿ЦݣĨĨͷϵĺˮ֪ҩѾˡ
СȡͭײһһĶΪûٿأɵһͱֹˡ
ϸĽǲҩһһС裬վȻϲķʮö֮ࡣ
̥ڴǵĵҩΪҩĵԭҩѾ˷ǳ࣬Ŀǰ˵ǺʺϷõģٿԴӿǿٶȡ
˵ҩȲȡһöȥҪԵҩҩԾж١
һСʱ˫ۣȻЩ㣬ѾǷǳĳɼˡ
ԺöעҩķϢа˼һ˸裬ˬĻص˷䡣
ʱԶڵһ˵ᣬﻹĵ磬λŦԼģٵһ¥С
ˣŮϮ㶼ûˣǾôŮ𣿣һòʮϵ͵һӣŭʢ
Բεȷǵʧְһߵĺװһ
ѾҵϮˣĻָʹˣϣĿ
΢΢Ƴһϵļ滪ûȥ΢УŶ˵ҸŮϷ顣
װͳһļĵ˹ȥģѾˣ˴ӳڵǶѾõˡ


27 ͻȻŮ
ּң
滪ӹ˺װϣϸϸĿԽ棬üͷԽϺ˼˰졣

ԺĽͣӦܹ˥ߣµʱԼװʮϽĽ͵ҲͨһЩֶõԺϸ档
֮Ը䣿϶˱仯滪۾鵽ϵһ֡
ǵģԸϵı仯⣬ϾѾʧȥԭȵļ䣬ϵı仯Щϡ棬ԺʹȡϵݣҲûо
Ҳֻ˵ҽѧϵһ漣ˡװ̿ٵ˽͡
ôͱ֮䣿滪üͷһ
ϸµĵ飬ѾȷСֻʶͨϵҿԳΪѡװܽԵĳ
ܺãҲϣϮκϢ滪˵ͷ´
ںװ뿪֮Ͽã۾֪Щʲô
һʱƽӦĺܿ죬ѧУϿεʱ䣬Ҳѧϰ˴ķ֪ʶ
ӵǿ֧ţѧϰȫûκϰһǧٶڷǰ
ܿ죬ڸѧƵĿǰéɼҲǺõˣΧʦͬѧ׷޵ʿգĿ࿴
ľ޴仯ƱҲԵĸеġ
˿ģȴܲζ
ǴѲк󸣣û뵽Ȼôı仯ſϣһȻĶh
ν˼ҵ飬ûʲôϵںôʲôhƽķ飬ƺһ㶼⡣
ǣǼһô˵Ҳϵδ򰡣֧ԴһߣȻһ쵽ڸŮӴһ𣬰ˣŮĽʲôţ
ǽƱɣ˵ʷϵϵͦƯġһŮе㲻ȷ
ڼŮһߴߴԵʱУ԰ͻȻһĺ֮Ķһ֪ǳܳ
һ̶֨ѽɫƯ֮һ˦βͣ˽ѧ¥ǰŸʽһӳһλŮ
Ȼмûƣƴһɫ£һ˫ɫĸ߸Ь
ժϵĴī¶˾գסһλ·ݸһЦͬѧãʷϵôߣ
ͣ˽ŲһãȻĹˣžָָ֮Լң
ЦĸˣѽҾѽ
ŶŶæӦʷϵڶ¥յ༶ǡ
ллСһӣһͷת¥ݡ
ؿţһģ·ܸܵƵĳɢζ
ſڣ¿εͬѧΧһţ죬Ҳ֮һ⼸£ͬѧѾı޿Ρ
ַͨʽ˵Ƕ鱾ѧ֪ʶԽǸоַʽô޴Խںͬѧ졣
ãһҵſڣűߵһλͬѧ
ƵĵһۣѾˣĿ˰βŻع񣬸еЩæתͷſ㣡
ͬѧĵͻȻ˺عͷһſվŵľȻƣ
ĵһۣ֪Ҫ㣬ԺϣѹڲµСּֽĿ
ѽôҵˣεһЦߵſڡ
ƺ촽һལһĲˣҲҹǲԶҴ绰
ʱѾһƬѻȸŮʱȫĿˣָӵɫ׷
ʱ䣬ʷϵȻѾ˱ɵӰϵơ
еæ˸εס
ҿҲǺæͬѧĵôģɨһ۰ͬѧֱһĺɡ
ⲻ¿ȻҪͬѧһ¸ǲƴڻܹ
ҲܣҪҳԷҪԴ֣ͣʳָһؿڡ
찡첻Үүүʮ٣ҵûȥף١ӦͻȻ뵽˼ǰϹܼ֪ͨ飬ʱһıǸ
үүٰüͷһһתʱЦݣǲдͳԣҲҪȥ
⣬᲻᲻̫ðǼˣǶֵܹģŵ㡣һͷ֪ô£һƣһͷ
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һӣڴʵʲôʱȥ
һһڿҪأ¿ˣٹȥɡЦһǴӦ
ƶʱһЦݣȫͬѧ͵Ŀ⣬˻С֣һЦͬѧټ
ȵ¥ٶȴĺȫʱը˹߰һԵ
ۿôƯŮѣȻû
ǰСӽݲؽ
ѹֶסѧУˣиôƯŮѣסУ಻㰡
û֮ģҽܽܰ
ĤܲסҺըæĶӣһ·ܵ˱꣬ƿˮĹȥ
ȻҶţƱһͻȻӱð˳ŵһˮǺţʱԡ
һʱദڴҶǱŵĳԱƱ֮ĹϵѾߵĺܽƺȻҲ׽ࡣ
аͬѧϹ˵ò׻عЦһҸһż档
һڷɻϣʱҶʶкüλôԶأ
ڶ¥µС˵׷ɱҰæҾͰæȥɳ˳˸ѡ
Ŷԭо֮ƱǻϵĵͷƲƲ죬ѹҪ׷ѧУĪҪ
ʱһĿЦãⶼĸĶ飬Ӿ翴˰ɣʵֺ£˼һСæ˼ôһŮҪ޸㣿
Ҫ㣿Ʊһ䡣
ô֪һԩͻȻӦ˹һֵĶƱôô£
ģУ㱻ƭ
ͻȻɱĻǹƱʱ£ܽˣԽƯŮˣԽƭˣ
񾭣ķ˸ۣˮֲСôױ˵ƭƭ
һ·ֵĻص˽ңʱϿͬѧȻкܶ໰κʦѾ˽ֻ÷㡣
ڿмȥǾ˵׼ˡ
Bѧ¥̹ϵ
˵ûϿһ·Ĵ˽ҡ
ʲôʲô⼸ŮæչԴ
ղѧУһ椣ȥʷϵ˵˹ϵܣҪȥүүףأ׳һ֮Ϣ
ŮһĿʱˢˢתһԵĶh


28 Ҷ
h
޶ԵĶhŵżҪŮ˻ؼˣôôƽ
˭ؼңʲôϵǱҪ˻ģֲһˡhɵҡͷһЦ
ǣڵĻԼûһɸֵζǺεڴĿh
ǣǰŮʱһ塣
һûԼһ컹δޣ澡ʧ
£ʦϾҪˡhͷİ˰֣üһ˿
ӣһڿ׼ʱ¿Σߵ¥ݿڣԶִһĺ
ͬһ֮˦β׼ȷͣǰŻϴ˿
ῪôڼʻϵЦʵ
ţġ˵ͷˣҲ͵͵רҵҲǲȥϾĿ͵ĵز
һῪƸ˵Ľ⿪˰ȫ˸ʻϣɣȥң·϶Ϥ
Ĺҵ͵һȣ΢һתɫܳѾ֨ѽһͷһ̣ʧУ԰
ڸʻϵƣѵ˸߸Ьϥ˸ʻϣ˫ֲͣİŽܡ
΢΢һֵۣ˵ôˣϴûгκôڻۣ
ۣͷԵӣƶʱһЦȻֻΪ߸ЬˣžͺᰡԲҪһ
㲻ˣʱ
Ǵ߸ЬƯҲԵúܳ·Ҳÿһ׽һף˵һһ㶵ġ
Ǹ㲻Ůӣô࣬ΪƯȴһС
Եʮָпˣղȥˣôôò
㲻˵үүҪôȥ˵ѽܲôŰɣһǵһȥأһȻӣһȥ˼ݷã׼УԵò
ƶǶĵ˵ͷܵʮ㣬Ĳٿ·ɿʻһĹ͵˶
ʱԺѾͣ˲ٳвһЩͣɼүӽ֮㷺ıͻǷǳġ
үſӭϹܼң³ʱϲǰԴϴסԺ⻹ǵһλؼҡ
Ҫ˵ʱܳʻҲ˿˫һڣ֮˳
λǣϹܼҶʱɵĿ
ҵѣýүү٣һ΢΢һЦ˵
Ϲܼжʱһ˿ЦĸΪããүѣҲּҵѣ
˸һ¥̨״һ٣ĿʱƵ̨ϣ̧ͷ˿ϿգӶ¥ʼÿһ¥һ͹̨
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Ӷ߽һ¥ʱ͵ĿͶ˹׼ȷ˵ӦǱˡ
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ʱּµҲ˲ԾתһͿȺʮ۵ơ
ûйصĿ̾۽ƵϣϸĴһʱһϵǸŮˣôЩ죿
ǰҲЩ죬ǲ
Ҳһɻ󣬵벻
ֱıУžһˤеĺƱһ͵˵⣬ⲻҵĴС㣬ô
ĸңڳıҲݵλˣʱʵ
ǵȦѾ˱ܣʶˣһҪŪݵġ
ĸңűϼ壬ҵĴСƣǰʱػͶʣѾǶг˷ֹ˾
ôһѣڳıƵݣϾҶǻ켣ύȦˡ
ڳ˾㶼ǶͷĽɫǺϼıһȣǰأǿʲǧԪľްԼ壡
ʱּҲƵݣ˳ȫǾ֮ɫʱһѵɻ
ôʶҴСģ
үӹʮ٣ҴСĵζʲô
ĪǣѾߣ
һ²⣬Ҳµһ㣬ǴĻǵҪıּҵĲƲϼˣǵʵֱǲһ
Ŭһ飬ص϶ЦݣֿȺߵĸǰ
үүʮ٣ôôٲŻѽôʱû㣬үүһֱ߶أ
ݣͲǵˣػΪȥҽԺһΣЩӡĵ˵ͷ绹пΣҲŻġ
һҲ΢΢ͷĿתһԵϣ΢ɲĴŵֱ۴һ
Ӵⲻ𣿰ѽû뵽үӰʮ٣ܶˣȻԵּңּ԰
ⷬع˵еΧıͶʱĿˣɴ˿ɼظղ֮ⲻھơ
ʻҪԵ̫ͻأˣĿ껹ƣǿҴС㡣
̫ˡòһЦӦֳѾǵӦֻ֣˽˵壬ΪѶǴš
ϵЦ΢΢һЦֻҪּǻӭ֮վŶ۰
Ľ棬ɨһۣȴûпүӵӰүүأôû
϶벻ˡ̾˿Դ㸸ĸȥүӾ͵õմֳѾӦˣֻܴ¥鷿
֪ˣȥүүæ˵ͷƾֱ¥ݣȥ˶¥鷿
ôûʲô֣һߣ̿˹
ŶȥıӰһҡҡͷѾͷ򵥣ҵĴС㣬ϸʲô
СӵĹϵأ
Ҳ˵ҿԿ϶Բ˵Ĺϵ΢΢ҡҡͷն˵
ôһ˵̩ҲЩͿˣ֮便ʲôϵһʱ֮Ҳ벻ס
ƽ鷿֮ſڵϹָܼеżҶhСǰݷãΪүӺ٣
ոıͶʱְּҺͶżҵĶԹ֮м˻᲻֪
ͬΪղؽңͷĳƺҲѾԶ


29 Ʒ
ƽ鷿ղһӵүӣ鷿ȻĿİ˸ʽĲƷ
ķһ࣬һһڵСιүӣŵһɲǣүӻǵ˫ͻȻһ˿⡣
ƿ˱ķӣүֱֱĿ
ˣȥɣҸү˵˵һΪѵıķ˰֡
ǣүķŲ;ߣ뿪鷿
үӣǰˡӣүӵԡ
үӲƵץסֲ֣ڵĴֲͣظţ۾ȴƮһԵơ
ҵѣһףĴĦƣ΢΢һЦ
ãáүӺ﷢˼˫ȴͻȻ΢ɲһһСŶѾ
ܵĶɻɫһȴүɻӣһɵģ
һתûʲô鷿žͱķ˿үżҵĶhСˣ¥أ˵үף١
΢΢һ㶣h
ǵģѾˣ¥أķæ˵
ãչһүӣȥ˵ͷͬʱֲźۼһ¿ڴŶʱϢĻ˽ȥ
ҲǵͷһЦ¥
hصشһһɫб˿֯ȹ毺õγ׵չ˳ʩױʮֶ
ɲںЩվȺеĶhʵʲô
үӰʮ٣үүҪ϶żҵ񡣡hͬʮƽػصɻĶ÷ƿҶżҵ
䣬hתˣСһ͸ĲӣһʮƯĻƿ
ԹԣȻǳɻĶƿ
ƿҲֵǧɣ
ۣ൱Ʒ
үӻð
˴ֱʵĺ֮ΧıͶʱһȻ׷׾̾ڶżҵղؽ˵ǮԶǵһλƷ߼ֵĶ
ִɻƷϱ٣үܹʹɼһ
Χ͵ķӦ㲻ôղص飬Ҳ֪ƿˣֵҲ൱İ
յˣ÷ƿȥɣ̲˵Ŀûһ˿Ķҡ̫ˣּң֮
hĿһô˵Ҳּδŵϱ͵ּһ֮ɣ
ôһ˵ܵıͶʱҲǷ׷׵ͷּҺͶżҵԼʱҲţȻվ͵ȻӦõġ
ŶСĪҲһѾһأһЦȻôͻȻ䣬ּҵĻԼˣ
Լү׿ڶµģûн֮ǰҶּδŵϱhޱ飬ϲŭף٣ӦΡ
ǵҵĴˡ˵ͷζĿ˶hһۣȥż˻飬ҲͲ鷳Сһˡ
һ仰ʱֽ͵Ļϻӵ㱬ˡ
ʲôҪ˻飿
֪˭˼
Ӧòүӵ˼үӲѾմ
һղԣæǰߵߵ˵ʲôʲôҪͶż˻飿
ûʲôֻǶС䲻ѧУεı˻顣ΪһЦ
ΪүӱȽӣԲŲ˼ɣûϵھּˣҲûʲô˲˵ġ
ϾǿŤĹϲ𡣡
ŴԽԽ죬΢΢һЦߵߣӿڴͳһСӡ
үף٣˵үϲղأصѡ͸үӣϣүӻϲ
ɷ˵ĽСһ̧ͷһЦ
ʲôҷһСӣӵĴСÿԷ֪ܷʲô
򿪿֪ˣСһལָָӵ
εҡͷһЦӴ˿ʱһĨ̵Ĺâڴĵƹҫ£ӳһöͨºָ
Ȼ֪ʲôⶫ·ɻĿơ
ǿ۵ϵİָƣ˰ֲͬĵַΪȸ
ۣȻ֪ģϾڿǶѧʷϵĸ߲ôܲʶλպյһأ
ֽ˶ʢʱڵĵһṦΰ֮˽¼ĳӰƷԹ˾
һö۴İֵָѾýǮˣֱ޼֮κεõˣΪǮתá
ָϺõƣֻͲ֪ǼˡԶĶhеİָͻȻЦһ
ղңϻ۵ĶhȻһСѧϰ˼Ϊḻļ֪ʶղؽҲС
йâһûü˵ߵƾͿˣ΢΢һЦŶh˵λõǺһ۾ͿָĲ١
ģȻҲģҴûмٻҲû˸ƭҵͷ˵ǿ۵İָһǿǰİָ
Ȼ΢Ц˵ŻǴȴǹιһε磬еıͶĴ˸
ƾΪ֮ĿֱڣԼƵ˽̫ˡ
ƿɲһɵģʹһݺ磬ӵƵˣĿҲʮָˣ
ô˵öָһˡhӦ伫죬ųЦݣҪϲүˣõôһöºеأ
ƾһ㣬ǰ䲻϶h֮Ĳʵ̫ˣȹʶĿĶhȫһͨˡ
ܹ΢ó˵ģҲֻּҵ˶ѣմּҵĹˣ뿪ּңǰ˵һĲֵ
ͻȻôصʵҪܾģƲźۼͻȻһ󣬻ָȥ
Ҿүллˣơ˵ͷеСӣֿ˶h
ż͵ĺҲүˣһԵŰݷöżңҶµĻԼСԺ󲻱ΪԼ˷ˡ
ãѾ͵ҾͲٴˡ
h΢һͷת뿪ּұһĹ򣬶żҵѾʧ˶
ô־¿үӵ׿ڶµģɫԵЩ졣


30 ʽ˻
ƺͶhĳ֣ԵЩѹ֣ȻּüԾգϵı״̬ɲѡ
գԤƵʱҪǰСʱʹҴҽˡ
ȥһүӣ˵˼仰󣬾ͺ뿪ּұ
ȥ·ϣûпǾڸʻϣʲô飬Ҳһʱûл˵쳣İ
Ǹhͦģ˳ƯҲвŻĴҪ˻飿ĬһͻȻ΢΢һЦתͷʵ
ʺԼģõġζ˵һ䣬Ȼ˼ҲԸ㣬ô˼ҵҲͺûʲôϵˡ
ȥ׷һ˵ԸıĿأʼ硣
ΪʲôҪıĿһЦֲǷȢƯвŻŮ˶ȥˣ߲һλ𣿡
Զɲҵķ񡣡
ĩˣּһ䣬Ŀһۣȴֻһۡ
벻ҲǸô컬ˣܳסСſ֨ѽһͣƴ˳ţȥɣү
óֻһ绰֮Ƶֻҵĵ绰һ·עⰲȫµ绰ϵ
ҡҡֻ΢΢һЦ³߽Сš
ֻϵĺ룬΢΢һ̣ȴһ̣һת۵ĹʧããҹɫС
ص˼ңͳ˿ڴĶԭǸֽţչǼдɷּ
ϸһֽӽˮˮˡ
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ڶϣûȥϿΣֱӴ˶żλˮı
ˮҲǶһٺ羰ʮֲڿߣͧҲ׷ͣ
˶żһʣ֪үһ˲ڱڣͷĺͧϣ˵ڽӴһλʮҪĿˡ
֪ȥֱͷȥûѶٹ򣬾ҵ˶żͣˮͷͧ
ΧСͧżҳٳߵĺͧͣ൱Ĵۡ
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һ̶Ŷѯ˼䣬ÿΣһƣүֱ϶¥
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죡үȳһ䣬ֱֱĶô˵ʽڻˣ
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үӵһѵ⣬ܶżҵ˸һͷ亹æͷѵûһٸҿ֨
ڳ޼ңֻһǾִƵ޼ҡ
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үܹô׵ĴӦҪҪԭh˵Ǽ£ҴСȥּҡ
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Ÿ󵰸⣬һӲˣЩӣȻˣҲòЩʾ
ʦɣ첽ȥӹеĴӣ˭հ
Լտ˻ȥһ˲ͷĺ飬Ц
һ˹հĿһ㣬ôŮȻҲһ˹ա
һѣЩʱʱһףһ¡΢΢һЦأҪҪһ𣿡
ңҡͷһЦû˵ʲô߹˼ˣԶԶľͺһ֡
̧һ֪һӦҲǸӸ磬û˼󻹴żء
ߵǰмɨһŵĶˣ˼Ҹûһơ
㣬ôôأߣԷúõףһ
ʮֿ
㲢û飬ɫû˵鷳үѾһˡ
˵Ϧɣһˣ˶һЩ
˿䵭̬ȣΪʮˬʵЦ
Ǵһ¡ص飬Խ¡Խá
Բǻˣһף̫ʺңлүˡû˼һ½ǣ˾׼뿪
վһˣ̽²һŲϢĵ˵ǰ


31 ȭ
ʲô˼
·סɫһֱֱĿ
㣬ôҲ׷ôãôһӶɫҲѿһ١ٶľܾҲЩҲסˡ
ĿһתֿվһԵһЦôСʲôõģܱȵң
ʱ˸ۣԼ¶޹ǹҲˣһͬѧѧȴʣԺ
ȣֱǲ̫ԶˣϽǰʧ֮ǰкӡ̫˶ˣ
ǰѧԺĴŶģǸͷβĻĴܲҪǴȥڻĶۡ
׼ŭʱſŭһĻ˵һһ
㣬ΪϲŶộ㻹ΪԼʲô˲ģ˵ҲһŮˣ
ΪҲ֪ǰʲôУǵ£ѧУ˭֪ү㣬ĸҪļ
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죡ƾʲôңŭ
ӴӴµʹˣҲͰ˦ˣôʲôЦ
֪Լ˵ЩԺҲûлݵˣԾƹˤŮУҲһ
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ͣ°ٶȻûָָ߰㡣һɵĶһЦ
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ޱĿǼˣûж㿪Σڼ๥ʱһವһΣԭһȦ
һʽҹս˷ɵӰͬʱ˼˵ȹϡ
΢΢һ㶣ͬʱһ죬ͷ۶ϵʱһƬ

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ԺͻȻһԼҲÿЦͷҲһѹȻʵûǿҪ۸Ҳûŵ顣
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һЦǰһȣķͬʱȸһǰš
Աһ·Ƹˣö̧һӲһȡ
ףȻܽסҵߣе˼
Ŀһۣ˫ߣٶȺܺõĽϵһתۼ߳ʮȡ
ɴ˿ɼƽʱȷ˿๦ȷ֮ϣҲǸĲϣ̫Ʒʵǲô
غƴ·磬һֱڱķأоЩԾˣжǿˡ
ƽʱѵʱһڴֵľ׮ǶһȾֱӱ޶ϵģ
Ѿ֧ҵĽʮ£ôһ¶ûеӣ
ûʲô°ɣ
ߵʵ
û¡һﻹͦġ
ҡҡͷ
ҲܲҶûȻҲӣǰûʲôʱȥģҲЩ棬ǰǺġ
ǴҽԺ֮ЩԲſʼġں
Ȼĵ˵ͷǱߵѾȵЩͷˣСӣûأƱүʵ
֮ǰĻҲʼϾԷҲӻͦ򵥵ģʵ뻹Ķ֡
йâһСӣٽһ


32 뺷СŮ
ǰţ͵һ̧ȣӿֱ£ȻһХķɼһȵȸղҪ֡
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˽ͻȻУΪѾʮþȵ飬֮ǰˮƽ޷һ
ǣһĻһ֪̾Լش
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ΪĲǹͷĽŽɫ䣬ǸŽѾȻˡ
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ֽС͵ĸ첲Ťϣһ䴦ʱʹС͵ֱӵϥ
ʱϣźϾͳ׼С͵ϵʱͻȻ˼ˣһԵľȺŹϡ
·ߵȻΪᾯΪ̾ȴû˸ǰһ֮С͵ͬæһߡ
һϣһ³ʧ꼰ı顣
ϣ׼סǸС͵һ֮£֮͵Ϯһĺ֮ϣʱ߷˳ȥ
ص˲䣬ϣһжȥײĳݵûʲô˺
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վסǺôĵӣȻҹȻϮ
ϣһȣٶȰڳ˲ļơ
˵С椣ǲǳԴҩˣûӣӦòϰɣû±Щ£һֻ۱һֻ۵ʱ͹ԹԵĵû
һˣתͷϣһۣмһЦкͬ׼ﳤȥ
ϣȻǲü˾ô뿪һºҲٲ˵õһֵ³


33 ĵ¿η
Ǽ˳˹ȥϣһҲ˭ĺ
ܶԶԶ·ˣȻԼϣǶᾯǸеʮģѾкܶóֻһ΢

ǸͻȻعͷ׹һȵСͻȻһֱֱ̧ۣߣ˳ſһĨѾһѳذס
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΢΢̾˿εĽһ
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ǺǣղſǾأǸңѵһ٣ˡڿһЦŴӽ˳
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ﴫһưһ˳
԰ɣҶϦߵɳһѽԺҾͽ㰢ɡ


34 ô
ӣٺһЦߵɳȥ
ҶϦЦ˵ǸеʵģֵѾڴˣܴʵͦ
ٺ٣ѣ϶ǱȲڨڨһЦ
֪䣿ҶϦûʲô̫ȵı飬϶˵İɣȻô򵥾Ͱҵĵϸˡ
ֻܺٺһЦĬˡ
ֳһ⣬ҶϦͻȻ˵һסɣԭֻһСƨˣȥ˹⣬ֱӰɣ
⣬̫ðɣ΢΢һ㶣û뵽ҶϦȻֱס
ǰⲻ̫ɣҶϦߵҲС˵
Ҿûʲôİס¥£Ƕס¥أиˣһЩҲ˸ҶϦһЦ
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жʱһĨȵɫѾȫԿ϶ҶϦ϶Ѿ΢ˣ
е˼аһҪסػԼһס˼ɣ
ҶϦĹжȻûʲôȷĸǲģԥһҲͬ
ЩԥʱִһסҲͦõģһҲиӦһѵŶ
һջǴӦصҶϦǸȤѾ΢ʵȷǲ
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˳Թпյ⣬ҶϦƤĿʼĨͣŮһ֣һԵ۸
ȼŮˣʰҲֱ䵽ͷϣŵ͵ĴʱһѣΡ
òʰɾˣʹҲеһ̫ˡ
ѾжûɹӻˣƺѾ֮˰ɣǻòǸ棬żһһӵʱ
пʱϣ±Ǩǲ׽ȥĳ˸裬ֱӵɳ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬λŮȻû˯𴲴ˣҲǴɳǿϴһ
ҪʲôĻò˹ˡ˯죬˫ĿվſڣĿλŮ
ߣǹȥ㴩Щ·ֱ˷ôõģһ㶼磬ǵѼֱڸĨڰ
ҶϦŵıȻһϵ·һЦ
ԭֻǹ֣ΪĸųţߵСĸɵϣóһѳԿףһ·һܶʱһε
ڳӸϤҲĺûֻǾóͻûƵô硣
ȻλŮǲǮģа뵽򿪼ʻ˳Ҿרְ㼸λŮˣְ˾
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һһҵ̳˹ȥ֪ΪʲôЩͬѧŮ˹֣һ֮ģڵҲᵽˡ
޵ûоͷĻ̼ңԶǵ飬ޱȵľЩʱλŮһδģ
ҲŮһմˣ˲Ůװ꣬Ҳװֻ꣬ҪǾ˺ÿ·ͨͨˢ
󷽵ĳ̶ȣΧеĶһۺ죬СŶʱֶߡ
Ǹ·λŮͷһ𣬸Ūһʱķͣ޽⣬мͷһĹԺ
һƷΣʱǹڣС
ǰľӣǾȻԼ
ҶϦŴͷŶ˸ģĦ°ʮֿĴһĵ˵ͷȻ˿װ²ǿѵݡ
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˴ֻѾŮҲǹ乻ˣһ飬׼ҸضԷȥ
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ͷʱһ߿˹ȥͻȻ֨ѽһͣǰ棬ֻĵ˻ͣߡ
Ծתͷö˾һˡ
ûôùɣһˣжʱһȻץǸŮ졣
ϣһЦ·ߵʱ쿪۵ĸоСΣȻΣѵֻ֣©
ϣҡ˳εԴ˸кˣͬ־ɰ
ǰɰû뵽ֻҰɣϣժĻ˻Ρ
Դʶܵļܺϣ
صֺϸоһϵֶϿŤĺۼأ˵ȷǱǿֶϵġ
ܹͽϾΣȻǲԶϣôҲô׵ķŹ
û뵽մţٴϣҲǰԼȻ
ʱһĿЦͻȻ̧ͷԶһۣһ˿š
ϣ类ɵתͷҲ˹ȥȴʲô·һʲô¶û
ٵͷһѾܵ·ߣһгתۼͳȥԶľ롣
쵰ȻʲôˣҺƽ㣬ץ㣬ҲѲƤϣʱᡣ
Ц˳һгѣٿ죬ٶôܱȵùľһϣƵĽ׷ȥ
֣ôѾڳϵŮ˰Ҳûϳ
ţںŶôعͷһʱﻹӰӣͲ֪ȥˡ
ҶϦۼ⣬һɨѾԶѾһС˵ףгˣгģ
ˣȸȥڸʲôӸʻ˼ʻҲȥ
ʱһͲгһƵŮʵ̫ˣôһ겻ɢӣҪԼǲǱ䣬ô
ʵϣƣʱٶʮˣȻ׷гȻ֪гʱٿԴﵽٹңǿְҵֲ鰡


35 ڶ
аϣһҧ˳һťʱϵľ̸͵һȣתۼʱپѾƽһٴء
￪ٶȣѾǳˣϣʹ˾ƣ׷ɷ壬ǲõĳٵ鷳
·һܵ§һһбܣιһڣιһڣٯٯԵۡ
ͻȻһߴеıܱ͵һʱڵأҪŭͼǰһ˧гѾȥ
ٶȣವһѾʧǰǲԼǲ۾⣬ǵһοгĸƵá
һӵĹһžƣ৵һȥˣһʱݵ÷ͬ৵һ˵ߡ
ôڽ쭳ȻгĿǰʧĳŮһѣ治̫ȫǻǻؼȥɣ
·Ե·Ҳϡ棬һȻ׷һгؼǾȻ׷г֣ܲе治ǻǵһμ
һЩȽѪˣϽͳֻһĻ׼ϣгţ˰
ʱɹ˲Щֻǲ뱻鷳ѡ
ΪôӦûôϣû뵽ŵڶּŮ죬ΨһķΪϲߡ
ܿͷ˲Ծĵط̥Ȼʼðˣָٵתͨг̥ѾȫסˣҲһ̾ͻֱӱ̥
Ĵһɨǰ治ԶһСӽߣһᣬг̺Żһξ룬һ˧ƯƣͣС
խСֻ˲Уǿ϶ģ˿˳С˹ȥ
벻鷢ˣСӵʱһӰͻȻӱ˳ǲѾϡ
һЦݵŮ죬ǳ׷ˣƬִڵľ죬۵εϤ̶ȣǸ˼ûȡ
뵽ε̾˿ͬ־ǳ׵ķˣ˵Ҫôɣ
ȻУϣԥľܾˣشɣһȥ齻ô׵Ļָɡ
й˽ɰһһأôɣѵǿҽ˧ˣ
ͼ֮ͨ飬֮ķʽ˵ϣһ
ٷϻһûץǸˣһϴѲɣ
ϣѾ϶϶⣬Ҳʲôܣͨ˿ɲ֡
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˵ЩʲôȻһ鱦Ĵ͵ƿܳһˣһͷѪıĵ׷˳
ѵΪһһε𣿡
ϣʱһЦӵĿһ
ٰͷöǱ߿أ
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һϣȻһӵѵģû˵ٻȻɻ󣬵ת
һϣʱһͷҲصĶ˵㲻׼ܣԹԵš
˵߰γǹɿĳ鱦˹ȥһС
΢΢һ㶣쵹ɵÿɰһԹԵţֱǷŻɽûز˻ʰԼ
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ҲƣղֻŷɿӴܣԼ֪Ÿĳˮʶ·궼ûС
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ֱʱĲǷҲ֪ǻȥûУղ̫ܵ죬Ǹкһ
ͳֻ׼绰ʱ򣬳⳵תɵϣ·ߵȺȻΧ㡣
ͷһۣͿ·һ˽ٳһŮеǹϵıܵľˡ
ȵٶһŮȻ֮ǰһֱ׷ǸŮ졣
ô뺷ŮҲᱻ˽ٳ֣
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ȻŮ׷óһ·˵׻ǸܲˣҲͦ˵һˣ뵽ͣ˾³ļȺ
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ƵĵϣˣȷֵĽٷΪ˱һӣȻԼ˽ȥ˱ٳֵʡ
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Ϊһֳĵӣͺܺãһ侯ʮֲķһֱûĴأûס
û뵽ξȻһ鱦еʱ򣬱ϣ׷ˡ
ӶҪͼˣܲ˵ģ
ٳֵϣ絹Ǻ򶨣ûͨʧ롣
ϾҲǵüˣʻеģʱϵĺȰ˵ŶԷͬʱƣһһͼͻӶߡ
ȻͼһᷴӶеǹһֱϣԴҲϾӶģںɱһˡ
ľȻʮǹֻˣһǱȽٷţһϣ⣬Χ۵Ⱥڷ⡣
Ƕ˺׼һҲϼ˵汳
ʱӶˣһӣžݺݵؽе֪˭ҿ˵ĵһĵģ
侲һ㣬Ҫ嶯Ͼ͵Ҫһʱ䣡
һ˵ͼסӶ
ʮӣֻʮӵʱ䣡ӣӵһ𣿡
ӶһЦʱһҾֱӿǹ
Χľʱ࿴һۣһ˿εɫҪʱ䣬Ӷֹ߷ϵ
µ֮ȾȳϣҪϾ˼ҵϰֿǸʵȨҪʲô£һԲ˶ߡ
ʱΧ۵ȺһУٰҵİˣ˰
һȺͻϧȺʵ̫ܼȻһʱ޷ȥļмĿյϣӶٳŮĵط
Ȼ˶ǽٷˣӶһֱһ˶ж˺ͻȻܳһˣ˾衣
Ҵ
ͻȻ֮ǰȺУѾ˵ӶǰµİӣһתѾ˴㡣
ⲻ𣿣ӶͻȻһ磬ҵż񰡣ҴСΪӢ
Ӷٳֵϣʱᣬɫǵͨ죬һ˫۾Ķ
ϴҾ֪㲻ʲôˣû뵽ȻӶһˣ


36 ·
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ϣĻӶʱһɻ
һֱŮ׷ץˣ챾ǱߵģҲһֱ׷
ҡͷƲ˵Ĺϵ
ҪлأҪںƴ׷Ҳлˣ
˵˵ּ
Ӷĵ˵ͷΧһۣȥ뿪˵
ӶҲ֪׶༪٣ôྯΧţʹҪҲǼѵ飬·ͻȻɱ˸ɵСӣǿһ
⻰æͷӦĴһ׼ȥҳӣʱĿͻȻʲôˣһæ
ã磡ҸղſǶ¥Ĵз⣬ѵ찲˾ѻ֣
侯ؾרŵľѻ֣ڷǳʱֱӻдͽһ̸ʧܣǴͽҪ˺ƱЩѻ־ͻ̿ǹ
侯ӶˣôһѣҲһæʶĻͷȥ
·ߵĴ¥һжԵúû˵Ӷʱһֱթ
ǵֵʱһжѾˡ
תͷȥ˲䣬Ѿ͵ҳиİһѻױƷŮʽ̽ӶҵһҲɿһֱץŵϣ硣
״һ粽ǰƿϣͬʱһץӶǹֱӲסĿһ͵һ
Ӷ˱վˤͷص˵ϣûзɵץ֣һϥƣһŤ
ǲһĹӶұѾ۶ϣԴ󷢵׼ƴһԵľѾΧ
ÿӣѹŵӶ˾죬һԵŮ΢΢һЦû°ɣͬ־
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ϣĿһʱ仹ûлعֻľȻĵ˵ͷ
ϣѾû£˵ϵİȺ˸ղŵ·ˣǸĴк󣬾ʧȺС
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һЦֻǸͨķ꣬λŮΪûǮطûѡܹķꡣ
ðɣǾ㣬λŮǣ룡һڣ˸ƣŮʱһۡ
ƿͬѧ̸ģ˵Ǻò÷Ҳ֪Ϊʲôۡ
ƿɲ̫׼ŶҶϦߵʱСЦ
ЦЦЩŮ˻ǸҪԼֲЩүӣҲϣֻǾŮɰġ
Զ㣬ȥ֮װ޹ȻòԵúеεģҲǣҪ׬ЩӵܵǮû㵵οǲеġ
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ϰ΢΢һЦƽʱҲвٸҹӸ磬ǵӡһֱǺܺã˸ĸоȴܲû˿ʢ˵ĸо
ϰǹˣҲ̫ϤɣҸ˾ͺˡ
εһЦ˵
Ҳܿĵ˼ˣһĹ򣬲˾һĶϲ˵ٶȻͦġ
˳ԳԺȺȣĵĺǿģһƿƣĸ˺ȵҲºȶˡ
һپ㷹꣬뿪꣬·ɢˬС磬Ҳʮˡ
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˼ҳԷΪʲô⸽ԣ
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ѧУûʲôߵĲΰǸЩСԷģϡˣȵࡣ
ҡͷһЦ˲Ǹӣǰȥ
ף磬ǸδŮ
ľղŵʻͷһ۶棬ɱΰһСܿˣʱ˱档

һ֣ΰʱŬС۾ʵ¿һ
·أǱкüˣһδŮ
Сָָ·ķ
˳Ǹ򿴹ȥΰȻӰһЦεƿ˲Сܣһ˶·߹ȥ
ι·
һЩײ·мӣһǿ˿˶ʱһƿڴ
Ǹˣ
ΰû˵漸СܲˣʱһӵϣָƺǸ˾
һβһ̵Ŀˡ
ΰβһЦӹ·ԶԶľͳ˸кδŮþò
ֱߵ˽ǰſߵļˣһʱųһ亹ԭЩ΢ԴҲ˹
ԭҶСҲһᣬһᣬС㣬һᡣ
²һ٣ΰ̺˼ЩεһЦ˴˸к
ӣֺȶˣ
ҶϦһЦϷʵĿΰ
ûȶ࣬ǸСһ£ģĶѡ
ΰڨڨһЦӡ
ûȶడǸϽȥ˯ɣϷСˣҲϿȥɡ
һ˵кŮ뿪ˡ
٣˵СӴðģ˵ķ𣿡
ΰС۾һᣬĿһۡ


37 ԭѧ
ǺǣҲǴðģѧ
΢΢һЦҲһʲôŮʹ˸ɫתͷ׼뿪
٣ѧȻ˲ʶҵģһǲаˣ
ΰһЦһȥץס죬ϧĴˣҶϦһԣһ̧סֻ㡣
ӣʲô
ҶϦȻСȴС书ΰͨ˿ԶԿģֻ΢΢ʹ˵㾢ΰѾԲˡ
СͺŽ׳ΰһ㶼ܳԿۣϴһĵʹʱһ
ǱߵСһϴ󶼱۸ˣ⻹ˣʱһѷĳ·
ȵߣŷʰΰľȻҶϦʱһڨЦ˵һԣͷĴк
ԭҶŮɰ
԰̫ˣⶼϣֱԵְ
ҶϦûĿǼһۣΰûǺһƣʱΰƵһԡ
ҵѣòҪʲô뷨򣬺Ƕá
ӵĿ˼һۣҶϦżﳤȥ
ʲôǶʶӣ
ͷĿһۣΰͼСܻվ·ߣ֪ڸЩʲô
ΰǸ͵竴үСܺܶ࣬ﻨǮڶѧƾѵһ
㲻м˵
ǼﱳҲѧУɣϾѧУѧУĹأҶУ棬ǻ˵ã
һЦ
ܶˣΰѧУܲǵһˣǴûУ쵼ҲʣΪԭڡ
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磬˵ŮҪ˯ݾҾûǣԼˡʼ硣
𴲻ûãϻǺ˵ģҲӦֽ
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飬Ҳʲô
һٷ꣬¶ǣŮĹϵࡣ
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ܵΧĴĲһͷ󺹣æŮУţһ̵ʧˡ


38 Զ
ߺΰ˻ڳ
ȥղŲǶ˰ɣûʲô
˵ʲô磿
Сܶʱ֪ΰ˵ʲô
Ǹղ˵Ǹ˼СӣȻǼŮסһ𣿡
ΰԼ˵ģҲһŵӡ
˰ɣ磬ⲻܰǼĸϻ˭ܸסһ𣿡
Сͷҡĸ˹Ƶġ
ǸղŶûǳС˵𴲵ʱ˯ҿסһ𰡣
ΰסԼͷһС
磬һǻþ
ҿСӵʲô˲İǾȻסһҵ㣡ѾǸɶ
뵽סһΰԺֲĿĻ棬ʱһ
죬ҪŪҵ㣬ǧܱСӸ̣˰
ΰļǵķԸСǣϽȥ
İɣ磡Ǻܿͻģ
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39 ʳ÷粨
ô㣿ʲô
򷹻û뵽ΰҲˣʱü
㣬ôôĮСǳ˧ôʲôõģҶﻹ𣿡
˲ֻҼۺȻЩֻʱģֻҪŮѣұ֤ʣ
ΰһԹȻΪΪ֣ſ
ԲΰǿģҶûʲôоٺãҲûõģҪ˷ʱˡ
ƽ͵˵ȷǶͦģܲΪ˶ãͺһɡ飬иоС
ΪʲôǰҪҺã
ΰǲġ
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ٸҿǰǰװҪΰǳҪʵҲʵˣҲ١


40 ·ƽ
ҿ㣬ûȥһЦ
ðǮɶԼ׬ģֲȥ͵ȥģҲǮΰߵ˵
ǣǣǣ˭еĽ֮Ҫ˱֪ˣ¸Ҫ֧ˡٵͷһ䡣
ΰһæ˸ƣ꣡С㣡Ѿ뺦ҰҪ͵֪
֪ˣ֪ˣŵӣҾ벻ˣֻҪݣ֤һУϣҪôȥ׷
ٹһЦ˼۾
㶮ë׷ֵĻɫһϲ˵ˣԽǼƷĻɫԽǲǮһ¡ΰҡҡͷ
ǣҪȻҲ궼ֻϲһˡһЦ
ˣˣǸСӡ
ΰ˵Щʲô鵽һ˴У˳æָ˷ٿ
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дˡΰ϶ĵ˵ͷ
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ë곯ԱߵͬʹһɫһС˹ȥǽǵĵ绰һѳˣǿȥĪ
ιǱߵСӣϸҹȥǮøˣëֵﻹһˣʱе
ҿһۣŻëڸ˵𣿡
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ܳһǰʱˣְֻվ⣬༸С춼Ѿ˵ϣ໵ҽš


41 ƵŮ
ô£֣æܵϰֵߣĪĵķϰʵ
Ҳ֪ղǸԷˣӵĹͰȫˣٶȿˣʲôû壬⼸˾ͶѾڵˡϰµ˵
ɣĪɴ˫ۣһŵģҲôӰ
˲òడŮϰ̾˿ŮıζλСֵܰæȻ治֪ô졣
Ѿˣһ͹ˡĪοϰһ£һĹһžѵľͣ˷ſڣλ˽
ô£һλ쿴۵ϵļˣʵ
⼸ÿ춼ҵĵ£ҪձѣͿҵĿˡ
ϰæ˵ǲõвңҵŮ뾯ͬ־һæҪϳЩӣ
š˵ͷͬ´ǼСåҲһȥ¼һ¿ڹռ̫ʱġ
ãҸͬ־ȥһˣѵʰһ£Һܿͻϰ彻һ䣬žһ뿪ˡ
֪ˣ֡ĪһֱϰͳſڣŻͷʼʰϻѹµһٿǮ
һٿǮĪԺӰһʱվɵЩˡ
صе£㵽пʼ֪ȥ˹ã洫һŵ
չ˿ֻҶϦط˽ɳϺҶϦã۵Ĳ̱˵ϣϵĴŴ
أȲ£һ£С㶼ˡһۣͿȼ¶ǵҺ졣
ضʱûİһۣѵĲ£˫ȡ
ˮݸˣҶϦضһ㶣΢Ц֣ǲŽ˹һཹཱུĹȥ
ִһµë߸˲һľüôȥȾˣ
ûȣһ˺ȵġ
Ҳܺôడ㿴ʲôˡҲûʲôر˼ǾŮӲӦúôƶѡ
ҶϦصĶͲôһˣһЦľƢ㻹û̹أҪɵ飬ûס
ҡҡͷҪ˵ͻȻһֱŻϣһڿֻ˯˹ȥ
û˿ɫëɾͣϸĵĽ·նȥˣ߽䡣
º͵ĶŮһһ㶵ģû뵽Ȼһ棬˸ˣͷɱ䣬ȴԼϵˣĻܵ˱ˡ
ϵ·ʰһŮڵϣʰϣһֵ˵ǲȥϢ𣿿ȥϴɣｻҾˡ
ȻǹĵĿǣȴһֲɵĸоŮԹԵ¥ϴȥˡ
˱Ȳ裬һЩ㣬΢΢ҡνŪ˹ȵˮôľƣǵģܺȻҪǿ
ιһЩˮֿʼŤһ߳·һСţȣˣҲҪ·
ųţµĿӶ˿¶ɫ֣Χ֮һҲǰ𾪡
أϦ˭һ£ѾӦˣ죡죡
ԼѾ˷Ӧæ㣬Լܵһ˼ڣʼ¥ϵŮ
ôˣôˣҶϦЬ¥ظȥϴˡ
¥ɣٲȥ·ҪԼǹˡε˵
㻹һĳϵ·ҶϦСҲһ󷺺죬ѾͷǸѰֵֹʱйĵʵû°ɣ
û£û£ʲô£¥ȥɣȥ䡣
˵æܽ䣬һ˹ѹͷ궯Ϣ˼ȦҲƽˣµĹİҲСȥ
¶¶ȲһƿҪĶ࣬ŮһסȻǸСĿ顣
Цһžͷ
侲һ£˳һײſڵˣŷҶϦվſڣҲһ
ͻȻˡؿڣҶϦԹһ䣬һ㶯ûУһΪôˡ
۾ĸҶϦ֣ؿϲͣĻζԴͻȻӿһ뷨֪ҶϦ㣬˭ĸһЩ
ڿʲôע⵽ߣҶϦüëһ
ûʲôҷƤðװſں
ҶϦʱڶزȴ˵Ƥף˵Ϲ
ûҾȥˡҶϦ˵¥ȥˡ
ŵŵŵһ¥ҶϦӣٺһЦҡҡͷص˷䡣
ڶ죬֮ǰ˹ȥһȦ糿ʵĿҪĻ峿ʱе
ÿ峿նʱ򣬶ǿŨʱȻŹĺûᡣ
ʱ˳һͣһ˳ȥѧУˡ
Ů˯ñµһ¥ʱ򣬱ŵһζ۾˲ֻһЩ㣬ʵţ̣иտõ
滹ѹһһһвԾıʼλŮˣǼ˯ɣ
ҶϦùһʱһЦ벻ôÿдĸ鷨һоүүûдĺأ
벻ͦչ˵ġһЦһƬҧȥ
ȻˣǺúչһµһǣ̫ˣð㡣ҶϦűӣ͵˼¡
İʱȵ˫ۡ
ֹأҶϦٺһЦ㻹ǰ·ţһİԼ·źȣȡ
ƬסҶϦ죬Ѿߵͨ죬ͷͳ֪Щʲô
һĿνѾǶӶĹУҵŮһȥʳãһʳãǾͷպ֡
ʱǷ㣬ʳӦһƬֺĲŶԣǽʳȻͬڶ࣬ȴһƬĵģûκ
˽ﶼûУһ㡣
ĿһתͿһĻԴͷʳõһڣһ³ȹŮӾվҲ˵ֻĬĬָ˼ˡ
Ů˾ôվƺһصΧ˸˿һɵĺ⣬Ĵӡ
ʱҲǸŮˣʱҲһ˿棬ǵһοŮ˽ʳóԷϡ¡
ŮѰλȴվûŮ˵ͻȻһŹ⣬ղĸܵŮ˵ͻȻܹһ
½ӵʵʵڵޱȵ


42 ͷ
ʱ򣬰Ůƺоʲôػͷ˹ڿʱҲһ𣬸оڵͻȻһܿƵת
ҲͷһԲǰŮڵ
˵ɲǼ佻㣬ӰŮӵ￴һƬ覵磬û˿ʣֻǿۣʱһĿ
ŮҲ￴һЩһƬǿգ䡢ն˿ĸ顣
һʱ䣬˶˵Уе㲻԰εζ
ʳѧ˾ӣȫ׾ˣһ㲻ʲô״ѵǰһȲɣ
һ飿
ǳȵɲװģһ֪⡣
㼸ҲˣŮһǸŮӲôһ۾͸˼Ҷˡ
ǸŮƯɡ
ҶϦߵߣһǸŮӡ
ĵ
ȫĵ̾Ůӣ֪ΪĹ

һɱĲҽдﴫ˳ǰŮӵʱ˻
ǱߵİŮҲջֵĿһۣȻֿҶϦһۣ֪ղҶϦһ£ֻǲ֪֮ʲôϵ
ѽϦ϶ˣƴϵ⣬һơ
ӶˣĻŹģȻ˶һĻɫݺݵĵһۣҶϦĹĵ˵
ΣʲôʱҳԵˣҲҵĹһĿЦá
ôĻӣҲӡ
ǸʶֻһЩϤĸоһڣ֪Ҫ⣬Ͻߵ֨
͸ǳԵķϣξԭˣ´βôűŮ˿ҶϦٺһЦ
Ǳ߰Ůӽ˴뿪ʳã֮ǰǻͷһۣҲպ˹ȥһ˵ײһ
æֵס۾Էٿȥ˶ˣ
ţԷԷ
ŮӸĸо֣·ʲôĶһ㣬˰죬ûȻҲʱ׵ԺԺл취Ū
㣬һ⣿ʵ
˵ǺǸŮйأ̾ػص
̫ˣǸйء֪Щʲô˵Ľ
ߣҲʶĹĵͷһͳԡ
ֵĿ㣬ְĿתŮŮʱҡҡͷͬͷԷ
ĬĬĳ극˵У԰ɢһʳܵһԶСһ˫Թ۾ضǡ
үҪҪȥʰǼһ
ãԼСӵıǲûУ
鵽ˣǶּңһСļ壬Ŷղ⣬ҲһɣڶлСЩ
Ŷû뵽еҵףֻȻһˣҸʵĻʰĿһĿһۡ
γ̽ûһȻȥǵУſڣȵŮʱһ΢Цӭȥ
ףôûһȻȥֵĿһۡ
ٺ٣֪Ҧ𣿡˸ӡ
ȻҲ֪ҦˣҶϦĿһȻû뵽ȻҲЩš
ȻҲῴӵİһЦݣִӿڴһ飬ѾƱҦڶݳƱ˭ȥҿŶ
ȥˣһֱûƱôŪģҶϦһ§ݺݵһڡ
ȻȥˣƱô𣬲ƱĿһŮ
ƱȻԼģǴ绰ͨŵŪģƱȥĴϼңҲûʲô£Ҳϵǡ
ʵƱû취Ŵ˸绰ǣŵʵۺ񣬲һСʱĹƱѾš
⣬ʱͣλѾûˣɽ˺ɴ˿ɼҦ˵Ǿˡ
ò˸ͣλ˼Ʊ֮һ·ݣ綼Ѿˣϯ
ʮ֮࣬ŸŪƱǰŵĶƱԽĽӽҦˡ
治ǻߵŮǣֳάľ¶нǧ֮࣬ǻ󼶵ʮĽ˵
ǵǵĺҶϦҲΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ĸŮ˲ϣԼܳΪĿĽ㣬ÿŮ˶ҪΪҦǣ츳ŬʱЩȱһɡ
Ҧ˳ûһ㸺ţһֱǾҵҵڹ質úܰϷҲݵ൱νǸ㵽Ķ֡
λһСʱŵȵߵӿʱ䣬̨ϵĵƹһ̨µȫڶʱ
ƹ⻺ľ۽̨ϣȺǽ١
Ŀһڻǽˣһ׳Ҧ˵Ӱ̨м仺ɲǼȫһЩķ˿˻ߵĺš
Ҧ˻̨ܿĹ⣬˻ͲʼԼĳ˵ҡ
һ׸ϣƳȫĹƺв԰Ρ
Ҧ̨ĹǾһܸоٰҵĸݳᣬллλֳǣҲллλûƱֵ֧ǡ
Ϊǵ֧֣˲һ·ߵ죬׸衶氮١׸ڳˣϣҶܵȵ氮ٵһ죡
ˣˣǰ㣡Զ֧㣡
Ҧ˵ʵ˿Ͳûг嵽̨ȥˣʵ˿˲쳹ҹա
氮٣׸裬֪ŮΪʲôе죬͵͵һۣʱ˷ܵĻеӫûע⵽
һ׸ҲƴƣҦ˸Ⱦı£׸輤˵Ĺ
СʱݳգۼѾӽβһ׸裬벻ľϲˣҦ˾ȻҪһλ̨ͬݡ
һϯ̾ˮһˣŻеӫĴ
ͣ˭ϣλ̨һҺϳһ׸衣
ãڿʼ
Ҧ˵һ£̨ϵľ۹̿ʼȺĴƶÿյһطļУΪ˭Ҳ֪᲻ʹͣ¡
ͣ
Ҧһ£λڴѾõĹڶһ˵ϣ˵ס̨ϵĴĻ˭ܹˡ
Ŷ
һľĻϳͷ˧ζʱֳգһʱݳձ߳
ãλ˵Ĺ̨Ҧ˻ͷ˿ĻԼҲ΢΢һ㶣û뵽ʮĹҵôһ˧硣
㰡ԱߵҶϦʱ˵
ʲô֪ʲô
Ǹ˹ڰԺҦһ̨ͬݳҲһĴ⡣
Ҳȥҡҡͷ
ΪʲôһԵҲܺ棬Ƕ˶飬û뵽Ȼȥ
㲻Ǻ°ɣҶϦʱһЦᶥ˶


43 ǵ
Ϊ˶࣬㺦˰ɣشһЦ˼۾
񾭣Һʲôֻǲôǰ¶ֲҪؼǣҲᳪ谡һҡҡͷ
㲻ȥĻҦǺûӡСһƲ
ûӾûӣʲôϵһ㶼Ϊ
ðɣˣŮʱ
ѡеλǲ̨ͬǲҦ˳Ի湻Ϭÿһ䶼̨
ҦС˵ûҵȷǺ£ΪҲᳪ裬ҷˣûƲҦС˼ֻϣøҪˡ
վӹһͲ˵ɣ΢Цŵͷʾһ
ֵܣҶ㣡
˧磬
һٶʱ
һЩղŻĹڣȻԸ̨ĻᣬøЩ˿󣬶ʱת˿ڷ磬ĸ߷ڡ
仯֮쵱ۻңֶĿѣĸоֻܿЦҡҡͷ
ðɣȻλԸôǾѡһ̨ɣ
ҦֻεһЦٰôݳᣬǵһ˾̨ܾͬ롣
ڶ˶һ壬ѡԼʱȫ̼һţôõĻᣬȻ䵽һ
ѡˣҦҲ΢΢鴤һ£֮ǰʵЩԽܡ
Լķ˿Ҧ˻ʮִ󷽵ĺӵһ£һϳһ׸ݳһƬᡣ
ȻݳѾĻˣǺܶЩᣬҦ˵ĸ˸˸ӳǱһζ
Źڵһ˳Ҳ׼ȥҶϦʱ򣬺Ȼرײһ£һˣֱѹ˸ҶϦϡ
Ӵ
ҶϦԤϣʱҲǰһŮʱʧȥƽ⣬ŵ̨ϵȥæһ̣һһҹ˻
Сĵ㣬ɱˤȥˡ
ûûʲô¡ҶϦæĻЩģղʱ򣬴ץסһֻá
ΪҪôһҶϦȫ̱ȥ
һߵҲûõȥƿɫҲһ糺죬ȻҶϦĴҲǷֺܵˡ
㿴Ůɫʱһֵֺĸоǻǹĵʵû°ɣ
ѹйĸоΪýãùĵʱҪһµġ
ûû¡Ůæͬػص
Ҳ߰ɣҶ˳ˡɻĵ˵ͷ˳¥⡣
߳ſûãɫװ˷˿첽˹ãǼСصһ
С㣿˭ɻʵ
ⳡݳˣҦˡһװ΢΢˵
ţԭҦС㣬ΪʲôҪңԵЩ棬Ҧ˲һ֮ԵˣȻ
ҲֻǷȥһװ΢΢һЦǸҡҡͷ
ãҸȥһˣȻȥɣһԼ򳵻ȥˡ
䣬ݵĺ̨ȥ
עⰲȫ
㶣һ䣬ͣ˹ȥغҶϦһıӰҲæȥ
ŮȻصסûȥ˯ڿɳϿ˵ӣһʱԵЩƣȻŻ棬ȴû˵˼ڵϡ
ôˣֵĿһˣôһӣ
ҶϦǿһЦҡҡͷȴû˵
΢΢һ㶣¶һ˿Цãҷ֣ƺϲϰˡ
⻰һڣ˶ʱȫסˣҶϦǾȵĵɴ˫ۣƺЩš
أǵУˣôͻȻϲϰأ
Ҳ֪Դ찢չƵҾͷԺһֱӰַ£ҷָоԽԽǿˡ
һЦֱסϥǣԴ˽ȥ
ҶϦ˴صͷͬЦһˣҺһҲϲϰˡ
ʱסˣŵĶסˣ֪ǳԴʲôҩˡ
ǣͬʱϲ
š
ҶϦһ˵ͷͰ͵Ŀһ˼㡣
ҵ죬Ƿǡ
ҡҡͷ㲻֪˵ʲôȻϵı쳣򶨣ҲѾҳһš
ŮɳһԲи£ʱ仺ţܿһСʱȥˣһСʱȥˣȴûл
ۿѾҹˣ֪ڸʲôŮͬʱЩҦҲѾȥ˰ɣ
ȻˣҦ˵Ҳӹɵģܲܿס˵顣
Ůķҵʱһ죬Ůʱһæװ۾Ŀ˵ӡ
ȵ˫۾̽״һ㣬ȫ¶ɨһߣĿⶨϡ
һķɫӡ
֮󣬷ŮĿתĶԼȻһЦôˣû˯첻ǻҪϿô˯ɣҲҪȥ˯
վס
׼ȥ

Ůͬʱȵ
Ȼͬ˼ȴȫһĽŲʱĻعͷŮı鶼࣬ôˣ
ǸҦ˽ȥʲôˣ۾
Ǹһ죬ǲǶ֪Ȼǻܸʲôеɶͷԡ
죿ûɱ飿
԰죬ܸʲôɻˡ
ϵĴӡôģҶϦʱᣬһָ
ӡ
һ㶣ʱٵʱû뵽ô飬һʱûӦù
ңûӦǲ뷴ӦȻչһЦ
⸱ЦȴеһëȻȻûӦˣô
һûע⣬ղתʱͻȻһ£ʱҲ˺ðɣ
ߣ˭֪ǲ̵ġСӣһӡ
ûУûУҸоԼǱϷһҲŮһʶ˰ɣε̾˿
˱˻ԣǲżһ棬͸ǱҲ̫ʧҦ˴ǵ˰ɣҶϦû˿Ҫļ
ⲻǣʱڡһ£һ˵
㶼ˣŮʱһ𾪵ӡ


44 ȵ̽
ȻˣȻΪʲôܲܵһμϲҰɣҿɻû̶ֳȣҲǺϲ̫ˡ
üĲϲӡ
ΪʲôϵĴӡҶϦһС첻ľ
Σʱûоӣô֪Լϻдӡֱһۿ񷭡
ðɣǸǣղŶʲô
ûʲô٩ɽһû˯һֱڵҰɣͻȻعüͷһʣѵڵңֲСˡ
ң飡˭ˣǸղڿӶѡŮæתͷȥ
תͷһʱĿͣŶƬè󣬡Ǿǿһϣ
ҪܣǾͰƬ
ҶϦһһһ̵ķɱ¥ˡ
΢ĸֻ֣һӰ
ҲϽ¥ȥصԼĹ뷿ﻹһͨͨһ˲ŷӦ˹
԰ǸղŲҦʲôֱȥˣ
һ£ʱĹĵĶ͡
ǰû뵽һҲǿôʵУϴΰ̫˧ˣзҶϦҲԼͷ
ˣˣҿ϶ûʲô£ҪŰϾĸҦ˰ǲҲǺôػǱһԡ
ôһ˵ҲеûɷߵĲ԰ѵһûҰ㣿
ҶϦüһüӡ
УȥˣԺ󲻵죿
·һȥ˵ӡ
㣬ɵ°ŮæȰ
İɣִ֪ģѡ΢΢һЦ߽˸ңʼ
ǲǸҵӣֻҪ̽һ£ʲô֪ˡ
ʱžӣôһĻӡǺԣɵֻ˵ʱǸ
ʱһĻױ䣬þҦڻ·һɫ˿µҦˣĺõľˣ˲˷Ӧ
͵͵һ۸Ծתͷȥ
ʵҦһ˲䣬Ѿˣתͷȥ΢ЦĴ·˲һĵͽӡ
ҦСصҹʲô𣿡òĴһк
ղΪʲǫ̂ҳ𣿡
Ҧ˵ϣһԵúǻ̶̵ȹ˿ǲסԸеĺ˿
ʱһ񺹣ЩſǰŮˣ֮ǰ̨ϵǸ˵Ҧ𣿲ĸɣ
ҦС㣬㻻һƣҪ֪ҿһᡢˡ
¿ˮŬƿߡ
Ǻǣ˵ˣҲǻɱҰްɣ
Ҧ˺һЦһŲ˿ʱ¶ĸˡ
ֱǺεջ󰡣
Щ΢΢ˣ˲ǵһμѣҦΪʲôҪѵĲʲôٶΪڣ;Լܰȫ
벻ͨҦΪʲôҪô΢΢ҡҡͷת׼뿪ˣԲҦС㣬Ҽﻹ飬ÿЩϻȥء
˵׼ߣҦæһ粽󣬡ȵȰҾĶѡ
һ⻰ʱתͷû뵽Ҧ˳̫죬Ȼײ촽Ҳݺݵһ¡
΢΢Ťһͷ˵ʲôĵģǴǣֻǸͨ˶ѡ
ܸղײЩˣҦҲһ촽һ˿Ц⡣
Ϊǵһܾҵˣ֪֮ܲǰûһܾܾҵҪء
ҦСȷǺܴ󣬵ÿһ˶еġ
Цҡҡͷ
˼ҽһαܾˣеԼˣԲŶܺѽ
Ҧ˵
Ļֻ˵ǸˣȫûҪΪҵԵʣġ
˵תߡ
¥غҶϦú˯£׼ȥϴ裬һŤӣ˳
˼Ĵ󣬲ûιȥֻһ͸˿֯˯ۣĺɫԼ˵ĺɫСڼֱĲˡ
㣬ܱܲô欣ǿ˶Ѿܲˡ˸ߵı顣
ǶܲˣǾͶˣǼһ϶ҲܲˣҵҪǲҵľӡһЦǰľ޴ʱһζ
ǣҪһأػһЦ
Ҿʹ󺰾ϦҪһʱҰʱֱһͰ͵ӡ
ŮֱøıƵãѾȫĽ࣬·ߵˣǱҪŵÿ
ƺ˰ɣҪȥˣ˻֣һ˯۵°ڣֵ¥ȥ
ϴ裬ɳϺȿˮ׼ȥ˯۽һ̧ͻȻ¥ݷֱߵ㣬ʱһˮֱ˳ȥ
⸱ֱҪ
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45 ĸо
ʱһͷ󺹣֪ôźãʱͻȻ֣һתӣ˶ʱ档
΢΢һ㶣뿪˵ͻȻһ§סĲӣ޵ĽѾϡ
ʱɴ۾˼ĿŽǰ㣬ֻоƺһʲôڲͣĴ̽Ѱ⡣
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գ
㵹һ㶣ǰȷǹգ˿ûƣ벻ԷȻǵա
νֲЦˣ㻹òĽӹϾ˼ص⣬ҪӣҲܵ˼ҵ档
֪ûʱ䣿
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¶ݲõһЦǹһ˿Ƶζ


46 Ϲ
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Ĺϵ϶ˣС浽ѣڿǺٵġ
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˵ҲŮѣҲǸӣʲôŮûֻһֱûеõ㣬ܲİˡ
׷㣬ҲǼͷӵ˼ҵԻõľ޴ôôҲ£㱾Ҳò绨һˡ
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ںСʱûжҪҸöð
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΢΢һЦϹ׵۾


47 
һ˹˰죬ĴһҲҸطЪЪΧ÷֮ǰǼҲ͸ܿϣһ
˽ȥĵһЩСģҪһʲ裬Ǳһеʱ⡣
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48 Ȫ£ɮ
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Ѿǧ֮ˣƽնŷʵ˲Ȼ֪СʩҪʲôһӦǸСĻԵ
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49 ɱ
ޱߣϣ򡣡
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ղŷһУƺֻĻþˣǰǷƽĹǽϣ֮ǰûʲôͬĵط
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50 ʯͷԴ
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Ȼͬˣ˺ֽܿһ𣬿ʼĴ߶תԽԽ죬ʼԼŬƵʱںͼһƵϡ
ƵԽԽõʱ˵ͻȻԤ׵ľһգۼѾˮڣֱ˴ˡ


52 ŵ
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תٶͻ˵ļ޺ֻԴһը죬ǰʱʧȥСֵĻ档
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ͨѣûйϵܵģ
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G԰ӿûнҰڸ˵ɣ
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ΣֻǸ󰡣ģֻǰӦʶľѣҵ۾û
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һģʱᣬˣѵС㻹䲻ôһҪҪӣ
ӵһۼʼû⸱ģǰɶһࡢʥַŮ񷶶
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ģСʱǸܺöŮӣ˶˵кһ㶼ľԴ˺ҵԸͱԽԽ
˸ʱй޵ĺ˽ӽҾܸܵôһֱȥѶҲԽԽˡ
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ļʱȥǳ׵ķˣүү̸ŮĶʲôѾִˣһ׵ЩظĹء
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һͷӣͻȻһЦϻǺı顣
ԺıˣҪǱֺõģǰġ
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ţһЩ·һЩҹŶһЦָָ輸ϵĶӡ
̫ˣл
ʵЩ棬֪ҲЩӶˣæɳϳ


53 ҩ
ʲôǶ·һԴǿЧ
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ڼĹУЯǹ֧뾯˼ҵǹսһŮؿǹΣĿǰڶһҽԺȣʱûΣա
ųŮƬʱסˣϵŮȻϣ硣
뵽ǰ˵ЦĹֵϣ磬ھȻҽԺδʱԲˣ˿ӣϸĿ˵ӡ
ͨţǰ󾭹˽һϣ磬ﻹǷǳ͵ġ
һŮȥ죬ܶڿĵһߣؽ岻ѣһŮ˵Ļ̫ϧˡ
ټǰʱദĺܺãбҪȥҽԺһˣƳĵҩȻǼǿĵҩ̺ľ⣬ָҲżôġ
ϣؿǹΣҲһŵҩȥĳ˵ˡ
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ãּˡ
ʱһֱû˵վֽԼ
á
˵ͷò֡
ֺϣߵüûܺúõһģ飬ԺлᣬһҪúõľһۡ
Ϲ΢΢һЦ˵
ϣָˣҸʱúþһۣڻȰ½ˡ
˵ͷͬ΢΢һЦ
СֶȻȥˣϣʲôĻʱ֪ͨҡ
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54 Ч
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ҽҲ̩ǹңûж˵ʲôպ뿪˲
οǶ˰ǰҩѾȲˡ
̩׸мİҽ͵ſڣعͷ˵


55 ܰĸо
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ҽȵ𣿡
ʱҽ˵ʧѪ࣬˲λѾ޷ˣѾҪʧܣǰͽȥһҩһ
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ϣ綨ĸоȫһˣҲΪ֮ǰľٶĽ鳨һ϶


56 
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57 
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ָһ˾ͽĶͷһͰ㿴͸顣


58 ս
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59 С
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վԭδһСɵֵһתƵĺ󱳡
۾һСǰѾʧȥټаһ⣬ͷҲصתһȳ
ò˵СɵķӦȷѸޱȣ˵Ļô϶ƵԼˣԥĳ˹
ȲҪԶԶֱۣһתʮȵձȣСɾȻӲĳһƿ


60 ȭ
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˫һֱ̽ץסСɵ·һͦͽֱ赽˵ذϣصһ졣
ֵڱ˻еʱοٵĻָƽ⣬ֵ˵һֹ
СɾпֵȻҲޱȣˤڵϵͬʱ͵һѾͬʱٶȰڳ˷̬
ϧα죬Сɸոյһ̣Ѿ׷Ƶɱ˸ǰ
ȭһûѾݺݵĴСɵ°ϡ
ͬʱֻԭط𣬶С˿ﻹһѪĭ
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û뵽һȻǸôˡ
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һսȻѧУķԺ͵Ҳˡ
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ôǿǿɲǶ֣ûɵȥǰĳ̶ȣϾղСɱһȭKOĳڻûԺɢȥ
ο˪ŮҲǸǵĽɫŭ˼ңʱŮ˫ǿĳԲˡ
˼ĳ֮Ϳʼ˱Ŀһ˼Ŵȥδ²źá
ʱĴһû˿飬ʱЩġ
ôˣȥҼˣܲô
û£ֻѡ
۾ż΢΢һЦա
ʲôҴأôҪ˵仰ʱ䶼ûС
С죬ͲѲдˡ
˵ʱ򣬲ܺͼʻԱ˵ɢʻԱע׳Σյġ
ҿһĶãǳ˳ҲһȪ·Ҳи鰡˵ĵҲô
һЦĹǡ
Σڿأ˵ôĻɵѾͷ
ʱ̱ϡ
ԼһСʱĹѾ˼ſڣǼҲںıǲһլԺԺӵҲ൱Զˡ
зչô꣬ѾǹһĴУĶӵһլԺıڣɼҵʵҲ൱
³֮󣬼ֱߵмĴ֮Уʱ򣬴̫ʦϣѾһλ˺һλߡ
һ긾վһԵŲˮæµš
үү裬һ
һãͿĵĽͬʱƵǰ
үүãĸǺá
΢΢һЦòĴк
ţ㲻òϼ֮ˣֻƺǺǿӣ˵ô
м̫ʦϵߣϸĴһӵ˵


61 Ҳֻ
үүƭɣɵվˡ
Ķ˶ţһԵĵϡ
ɵѾͷû޳ȥأ첲ѾˣүүǰЩˡ
߹һЦ˼һ
үү
ʱߵڵŤ£ܵߵߡ
֪үүңүүҲҪ۹ⰡҿҲǺĸأ
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ЦļС֣ʮֳӡ
Ҿͽ㰢ˣȲ裬㲮ĸݵݴΣ
ʮϵ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼһۼӡ󲻴ǵļͨ˼ҿɱȣԻöһ˽С
лл
һҲԵӳȻĽӹһ裬ᴵһĲҶһڶʱ۾һ
ò裡õˮĲɣˮҲһˮһֶصĸĪɽȪˮ
벻ԲҲһЩ˽⡣
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ҵĲ죬ҵĲԣ룬ԺӦҲˣʹ˸ǡ
Ȼ˵꣬ɾĵͷߡ

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ӵǿʵҲŻٶӵҪһУǮȨƣҵţһ죬ǶҵĽ£
ͷһĹâһĪƣһ漴ʧӰ١
⳵ͣ˳֮³ֱĪҵĵһݷˣﾲصȺš
һĹĪͶŲ̹ˣ˷ˣĪͻȻһ䡣
ս𣿡
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ӳ˼лعĪûͷûβĻʱһ¡
˵ǳսСɵıԣӮ˻ˣ
һ𣿡
ҪûĻΪʲô㿴һƲֵӣ
һˮĪݸ
лл㣡
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սӮˣǸСȻǺҵĲ໹ǺԶȻҵĶ֣ӮңⱲӶǲܵˡ
Ȼֻһ˵Īȴܸ֮ܵеİһ޷ݵĸо
ôˣ֮ǰһˡ
𣿡
Īĸоĺ񣬾Ȼһ˿ϸ΢ı仯ܲ
Ҳɣ̫͵ˣܻᱻƲʵ¶Уƽʱ΢¶һ湦СɾûǸӣսҡ
Ī֪ΪΣǰܾһЩİУǰǸʮ׺ȫһˡ
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ǰҲû취飬ϾԱ̫ˣͲ̫ãæֲ÷ʣܶ׬һЩ
Ī̾˿ε˵
ҾҵķζĺܲͷЧӦӦŶ棬ҲԷ
߳Ա߽Īһˣ˼ĵ˵ͷ


62 ʹ
ʲôõĽ飿
ķǿԺѧϰѧϰؼľҪ֪ȴ죬Ҫñ֪ǵĵ꣬˼ҲŻ
˱ı߳ԣŵңŴӵĪҲ˳·ס겢̫Զ
һ·ŵʱһСͻȻ֨ѽһӱϵС·˳һʧײ˵ϣصһͣ
ҲǲĿһٶȿĺܿ죬ͷѾȥˣһӳͷϵð
ʱ򣬺С·￪˳͵ͣº󣬼ʮÿ˷׷˳ӣײͣСܡ
·ߵ˱뿴֣һƣæӿ˽ŲϽ뿪ڰƴɲܹͨΧ۵ģ˵ԼҲᱻ
˱Ҳ׼ת뿪Ͼǵ£ûҪȥϹ͡
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׷ļʮÿˣһӳеĵ͵һӵıϣȳȵӱôһңʱˤڵء
ЩĵĪֻͷһۣȴü̧ͷһĻʱһ
ǲΰ𣿡
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ӴǸƽȫᣬǾȻôſ񣬺ܲңƫƫͲа
˵꣬ˣһʧȥټܹĻᶼûУõ־ѾС
ָһţһ͵˵ϣҲʹĥĹʹĲ˻š
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Ƥˡ
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İɣһȻͻˣֻ˵Ѫѣ˵ġ
ҡͷһЦղͿϵƣûʲô󰭡
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Ī˵۷ŹĶ
аɣֻЩС죬ұʵ̫˶ѡ
ôֻ֣ڵӰż
ӰǴ඼Чٵģеĸ֣кܶġ
ζ˵
ӮСɣԺѧУûٸսˡĪЦ
ǵδأѧУֻмģٴӮСһⶼûУֻЩ˲ϲѡ
ѧУﻹô˰
Īʱ
Щ㶼ʶ𣿡
ţʶ֮һָӦԼԷĴڡЦЦ
ǵҸ㲻ûͦ˼ģ书Ү
ղŵĽŹȥ֮ĪԵЩ˷ܣϾӰĹ֣ĳԼǰ˭˷
ŽŲһ·ĪһЦ΢΢ҡҡͷ
֮Ůڣ֪ȥˣϴ׼طϢŷֻһδѶϢ
һԭǼĶѶ˼ǽүү˵ûʲô⣬ֻ˼룬ȥ
һҲһѶȥ
ҲûֻǱңҲԺ󾿾ûʵҵ۾ѩģĿԴͿˣ
ڴļصѶϢʱ˿ϥȴôҲв˾ֻε˯ȥˡ
ڶ죬ŸյңͷֺܶѧΧʱЩ֣鱾߹ȥ̽ͷһʱסˡ
ˣȻ˾ͽ㡣
ȥ˵ھôôܵˣ
߶һЩȡ


63 У԰
˭ôǰ༶
ĪʱҲ˽ңҲܹȥһۣʱ˾ͽò޵ˡ
˾ͽ㣬Ҳ֪ôǽҡ
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ʱ˾ͽ˶ѧϢͲֶߣһŮתѧ̴У԰
ڣУ԰ȵĻ⣬˾ͽ㵽飬ƬϢУ԰ϵ贫˷ܼһ
ֻǰĹ򣬾һӵߡ
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ΰһЦһʹߣղһЦǣ˿ڡ
Сһ׮Ǿ֮Ͱˣô˵Ҳʶ
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ΰڨڨһЦԴ
ҪָаɣҲᱻ˴ɹһ㻹֮ûˡ
ҪѧǺܿġ
ɵĿΰһķ⣬ɲһġ
Ȼζˣٲѧ´ξûˣɲôãÿζ·ָġ
ΰžžžظʱһˡ
ҪֵܼĻҵǿԴСɣʱĻһġҪǳԲݿ̫࣬۲Ļҿ̵ͷߵġ
ͷ룬ҪԼĸܵһЩѵİΰ򵥣ǿദһ
գǾллָˣˣġ
ΰ˵վһȳһյĳ˽ҡ
ĳȣûջ񰡣㿴ΰһĹӸ磬ȻָˣǰǴֻб˽ķݡ
ĪΰȥıӰһЦ
˵ҲǶԹԻ̫úõһԺ˵ܸɳһ¡
˵ͷ˵
ĴҪ
ǰΪʲôأҲð
ҧһ𣿡ĪֵĿ
ܳɾҲܻһЦ


64 ɱ
ѧһҲûطȥ׼ȥĪҵĵˣҲ˳·һˡ
·죬һ·Ҳߵͦĵġ
·һСĸĪҪڼ˵ЩʲôʱͻȻһ䣬˲佫Ī˵˾͵һֱӹСſڵĻ
˸ո˵˲䣬Ѿͷ˹ȥĲСΧǽϡ
Сģɱ֣
䣬˹΢̾˷ɵ΢ƿһƿĪԼҲ˳ȥ
͵һѷɵֱû֮Уϸ΢С졣
Ĵ鿴һΧǳˮ˿ûмɱֵټվϵ
߹ȥĪԾһδӡ
ôɱ֣
£ǳġ
Īϵο˼䡣
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ĪЩ֣ɱְҵֻڵӰӾſû뵽ʵоȻҲϡ
ҲǺϴξһΣαϴλҪΣա
ҡҡͷ˵
ɱֻڸ𣿡
ˣҹѾˣɱһУͻߵġ
ĴϸĴһߵǽߣֽѷɵ˳ϸĿһȻϴμķɵͬһӡ
ûŻɣ
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Īʵܺ£ϾɱְҵǰѪȣһͨңôܲ¡
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ѷɵתͷĪԼȥɣǲһˡ
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ڶ죬ȥѧУ·Ҳûзɣ֮ûнɱ֮ǰ׵ķɾˡ
˽ңǰľʱˡ
ΰȻڽһڵϷ˾ͽ㣬ϴᣬǴȥμӵģûʲô˾ͽںò״ᣬô׷Ź
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˽ΰ˵˵ָ磬磡
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ˣҵܰɱйڵûм뿴˭ˡ
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ȥҲ벻ôˡ
Ҳ֪ѧУߵĽˣҲˣҲǺϤ˭أ
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ʲôܰæֱ˵ˡ
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̩һ˿ݡ
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ˡ
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Ժܲλ˿
̩ǰȥ˵
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λϾҽתͷĿһ
ǰþŮһǸˡ
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65 ӿ
ԭСӣǺãҾȳȥˡ
Ҳȥɣ׳
ñ֪Լĵϸ̩ҲȥˣȵǶ뿪һ鲼סǽϵͷ
ϵݿ£ԵʮݣץɿݵֱۣĶһȥ
ĵطڵָƣκҽҪΪ
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ķĶϣȻһϸСϵţ·Ǹһ㡣
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΢΢˿˽˽ɻԵˣ̩æʵ׳ôˣ
Ѿȥˣ׳Ѿˣԭ˼ҵͲ̫ãӦûϰҡ
ε̾˿
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γܵ˵ͷֱֱĿ׳
ȻǾǾִаɣ
׳Ƶĺһڲ裬ЦǺǵ˵


66 ֮
ǲûзΪʲôҪȫ
׳Ļγܲһ
վǵϣܶ飬ûдԣô㻹Υɣ
׳˿ڱеĲҶ̧ͷһγܡ
⣬ܲҡ
ⲻͽˣǾˣвӵĹأ۽Σ˶ϼǹе㲻̫ƽǾ̡
׳ζ˵һ˿⡣
ѾλˣҲǸ⣬ҴѾܸˣһӦú
׳ȻѾˣŻڣֻҪһ¡
γܻû˵꣬ͱ׳ˡ
ϣҳһ̬ȣ汣μһϵ
⣬ܲ롣γæ˰֡
ܰѾˣЩ²̫ô£Ԫ׻޶𣿡
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ҵ壬ԼˣΪξͰȥˣû뵽ȻԺ־˻ҪúøлһԺˡ
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ӣѡƵգ׼ɣ


67 һνӴ߲
ڼЩǵ뷽跨ӼĵӣҲΪδĶռλá
үү˵ͬⳡأ
ƽ˵
үү֪͹СûôȻҲ̸ʲô顣ദһʱ䣬ܻиģǸˣôġ
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Ҳ֪˳ļ壬ʱΪ˼һЩҲǲɱ顣
Ҳô顣
еί
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γҲһȰο
ҾǲԸ޸ǸƣǸĴܲ治֪жŮˣôܺ˽顣
ֻǸŮӣΪʲôصҪѹҵϣѵûңμҾ޷֧ȥ𣿾ûбİ취𣿡
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69 
ܶ촰ʽ˫Զţڶһ󻺻һʱд˾ͽ㣬֮˳
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70 
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ͬ̾˿ƻ顣


71 ŵǧ
⻰Ҳû֪˵ļ࣬Ҳ֪ǣһȦܶûа취
ǰЩˣȻǴ󸻴󣬵ǲ֪һͿܻƲϽΣӴҵĿһҹ֮˲䵹
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ȻƾҵļһǵŮֵ顣
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Ե𣿡ͻȻ˵
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ȻͱǿˣԵֵʱȻǵĹͻߣҷıʻǺܲģôѧУǸӣ
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磬Ҫҵ͸˰
һûû˵˵ŻЩͷˣͲģǼͷвͶÿû취ġ
˶һα׵ߣ˶Ǻͺģţ˭֪Ǳôһˡ
СᰣȻȥɣһʱҲˡ
ΰͷһЦ
磬̫һȥأҪҵ㣿
֣Сָһ궯Ҫΰ㻨Ǯˡ
ϲǻмǧǮ𣿡
ͻˣǵǮﹻŵ찡
ɵѾͷѳԷˣ
ΰӰͳһǮݸᰣǮΰǲֽһνοǸԼû
磬
᰸˵ĽӹǮΰһ¡
磬ˣ´лһ氡
ţ·עⰲȫ
СﻹͦõģҲϲСġ
һͨг۽ǵͻȻһԵ˾ͽ㣬˾ͽҲʱӴ˸к漴ʧ١
ã˾ͽС㡣
ΰ˾ͽߣæ΢ЦŴ˸к
أ
˾ͽֱ˵ʵ
ĸˣ
ΰһɶͷԵӡ
װɵղˣ
˾ͽһ壬˵
˾ͽС㣬Ĳ֪˵˭
֪˻ʲô𣿡
˾ͽСȭͷ
֪
ΰͷҡĺͲ˹һ۾Ķ˾ͽȭͷ
ӣ
˾ͽС㣬Ůôأ
ΰͷٺһЦ
һλᣬٲ˵ȥˣɾͱҲˡ
˾ͽһ꣬߸ЬѾһֻƺҪһ㡣
𣬱Ҹˣղȥϴּˡ
ŶҪ´Է
˾ͽӵļתͷϴּ˹ȥ
˵ĻһҲûǣ֪ôĹ˾ͽôҲ벻⡣
Ƕϴּû뵽Ȼӳˣſڣһ˾Щ飬һҲͿ׼˻ؼˡ
˾ͽһ·ϴּڣһڿǽ˼ʱŲ˹ȥվ˺һŷ񣬾Ȼûзĵ
ǵһο˿Գ˼ֵزȫԼһ֮У̤˾׵ľ硣
˾ͽ㿴˴Լһӵʱ䣬ľԻˣΪ֮ȻĸӦ
ţôҲˣ
ѵҲϴּɲֻϰɣ
˾ͽһ
ʱ˵ͷԭҲϴּˣݰݡ
һ˵꣬תͷߣ˾ͽ˵Ļᡣ
쵰
˾ͽһȭǽϣֻһ̴ӴʯǽĴ˿γһƬ֩Ѻۡ
صΰԶԶæ˹ȥ
Ҹǽһ£ҵĴ
ΰˣæóԼλԼһԵλϡ
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һλ̧۴һ΢΢һЦĸǲм飬Ϊһ磬Ȼ˧ǲûж఺ȻǲܺᲢ۵ġ
ÿһλǼҾǳʵˣȻῴЩûʲôǮˡ
Ǳ¹ָģֻҪ֪Ҹˣĸûʲôϵ
ûϵǻܸʶʲô
ò㶮ڲ⣬ֲں
ΰӵĿһۣˣָ磬ôǱߣǱŮŶడ
Ůʲôĵģ·ǻױƷ
ҡҡͷһƺ
ڸв֪ȥģǻأ
ΰε̾˿
ӣһŮΧߵʱ֪ˣûһܹ
Ҳ̾˿һΡ
ΰڼһ㻹ܴļһˡ
һŮ˹һβƣһ׺ɫְҵװǹ˾ӣȻʣǸĸоǳá
Уֻһ飬Ǿ
λǣ̧ͷһۡ
ָ磬гǧ𡣡
ΰæһ
ΰû˵㻹и簡
Ůӻеĸ߽ű޵ľҺڱһת
ǰϵĴ硣
Ӵƽʱֻб˺ķôھȻб˸ˣ
Ů˵һڼβơ
˶ȥıģ㣬һĸ߰ڻǵһˡ
ΰһĶ˻ȥ
ӣǷǲСһУѵ˻ԼӿֻǱСһ϶ѡ
ӴӴ궼ʮ˰ɣһҲʮˣʱ򿴿˼ң˼㣬ָٷˣῼɫ˥Ůˡ
ҡͷһЦֻǵͷȾơ
ӣҵ𣿡
ŮƳһۣʱһЦʵ̫ˣϲֱȽϳ죬òĴˡ
еͣʵǲ̫Զˣһ۾Ѿų⣬Ȼ˿˧ǲҵ͡


72 粨
ָˣŮˣǲᶮ͵ġ
һǮŮˣǮ㻹֪Щʲô
ΰҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵
ǰҵȷͲҵ뿴ʲôİ׳Ů˻
гǧŵһЦһеĸ߽űһͷʮӡ
ָ磬˼Ҷûﰡ
ΰһԵ
ð۹ֲǲ֪Ůˡôܿϡ
νһЦûǸŮһۣԹԵĺžơ
˳õͦ˧ģӡ󻹿ԣû뵽Ȼӻܴ̫ʧˣĳ㲻ӦϹʲôӴ
̱ĻһԵļŮȥˣرҶϦһƢֱ˹Ů̲ס֣Ҳæ˹
ӴһΪ˭أԭ´С㰡ôˣĴСƢˣ
߹ҶϦЦݣ˿Ҫӡ
ԭҶС㣬һ죬ҵء
Ů˻عͷһ۹ŮһЦ
ӣȻ´СĹֶΰ
ҶϦҡͷһЦ
ǺǣǸˣֻǸСӿЦˡ
ҶϦļ屳Ҳ֪һЩģҶϦǰȻгǧ𣬵Ҳڲ
֪˭𣿡
˭ʲô¡
£ϷҵѣҾͲܲˣղ˵ʲôţ׳Ů˲Ż
ҶϦ΢΢һЦѾ
ҶС㣬㲻ڸҿЦɣѣ
гǧɫһ䣬ʱЩ֧֧
ôѺ
ҶС㣬ⶼᣬûǸ˼Բһ£ʧˡ
гǧ˵ЩʲôԱߵļүһĴɫʱ֪ԡ
Ҳ֪ҶϦƢһǿǻֱӶֵѽ
ŻȥǸŮˣһЦҶϦԼߡ
Ϧô˵Ҳ̫˼ˡ
ңǿǸŮ˲ˬѣΪǸʻʵʲôǸӵ棬˻İˡ
ҶϦм˵ľƱһ˸ɾߵĨĨ졣
ҡͷʧһЦҶϦӻǿɰķ·Сһֲ̧˲°ͣﻹһλµľˮ
㻹ǰԼںͬһˮƽˣֵ̫ˣ
ףôһ˵ҲŶôôɵ
ҶϦֱһƣŮ˹ļһ¶ͷҶϦͻȻҲһֻҡͷЦˡ
һԵļӸ翴Ѿղȫͬˣû뵽ȻҶϦѣƺŮĹϵҲܲ
˾һ˻죬һ֮ʽʼˡ
ʱ򣬻᳡߽һˣݣۿ΢ݣʮӡ
һԵΰʱһײ̧̧°Ǹ˵ķʾһ¡
ָ磬֮ǰ˵ǸˣˣεļԵǿӣײϳκο
𣿡
˵ͷϸĴһ
·磬лһƼǿ˭кֻ΢΢ͷʾ⣬ڻûпڹ
ңƺӣ
ǺǷǳڰͨԣҵԺڵңƯ˼ҵףǸֶΡǳǿӲˣҵϷġ
ΰƺʮ֣ء
ô
ҲЩ档
ʵϰҰܸǿһ仰ͿԸıĸ֣̽ĽڹͷҲһѺ֣˫£ҵνϡ
ΰзųһĪĹʡ
ӣСӵʲôˣô֪ôࣿЩ飬˵û˵
ϡĿӵ
һͨˣָһֻ͵ĹԼСӡ
ΰ΢΢һЦûж˵ʲôԼұһڷ缫ϵӡ
ŵʱ̨ˣ˶̨һܳĽĿˣһͨϻ֮Ὺʼˡ
Ƿ׷׳˫أֿʼ裬ҲύʵһҪʽ
ߣ֧ȥ
վ쵽ǰ΢΢һЦ
ҲǱȥ˰ɣһ鶪ˡ
æҡͷ
ûϵܼ򵥵ģôҽһ¾ͻˡ
һЦ֣ߵصС
ӣ͸оһԲˣûϵôȻ׳һ
ѽֲҪ
һ죬æŤһӡ
ַһ𣿡
һʮֲӡ
ϣ
˵Щ΢΢ֲŲλãһܲʵղһĸЩ
ŶŶԭղŲ˵
ʵҲܽţϾǵһ裬ұϻôˣһʲôɾͶ˶ˡ
ղﻹ֣ôҲҪ˼ƨɣڿԼûᣬϵĸоҲСŻͦġ
ôţɵһѣʱһߣ֣ҲĵĴһ¡
أһ㣬Ҫ
һЦʵһЩ衣
һ֮ͷԼֱⷽûκ츳׳Ҳ˶٣ĿƼǿӲļס˲
һ˿ŲҲûʲô⡣
лл㡣
һ룬ͻȻ˵
ţͻȻ˵ллľֵ
ϵ飬лˡ
Ŷϰһûæأô͵л
ٺһЦ
Ҫæ̸װģѾܿˡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿
ǿҰһûأҵ飬Сһ׮ˣ
װĿ㣬߶ʱһЦᴸһļ
ˣվԼУ㱣֤û˿ǿκβԸ顣
޵滨ģ΢΢һ̾һͽ§˻С
һܿˣǣֻصԣΰ̴˹ƤЦ˵ָ磬ûò
һ˵һ߰һĴָüë΢΢һ˵ķ
ȥȥȥϹʲô磬㲻
ЦһƱһ
ͷϷõķΧ¡ؿʼˡ
óĶǸƷûЩƶɽĺӣԼһЩչ˵Ĺ¹ˡ
һԼĲһΪõĿڱνһõĺ¡
ԭÿĴᶼڶĺǰμӣȻȦҲһʮҪԭ
һƷչǸղصһЩŶֻĶļ۸ȻҲǼΪ߰
ΰҲһԴ֣ʱľһ֣һ۸񣬲ֻҪһֹۣͣղ˵ģһǮ
һƷ˸߳۵ﲻ۸Ҳһ·߸ߡ
ǰӸһԭµ򣬾ȻûһչĲƷȻҲͿµĶ
εҡͷһЦΰ˾ģʱֱԴƵƾˡ


73 ص
һһĲƷ½ĳ˷ܵؿʼһƷ
棬չһƷһִģǹŴƷʽʮֹӣרҶ޷ݡ
˴һ񲼸ŵḷ̌¶һɰָĻλ۶ɣ·ĵһ޹Բ׹
ۣû˿ʵĵط֮ǰչһЩƷȣֱ֮
ұۣȴʮһ棬רҵҪĳɷ֣ͼһл飬ȴûκΰ취ƻ
ʹʲôֶΣ˺ֺһм޷ȡǻɣϺܿûжܹƻ
ҲлԵˣܹϵõһЩҲ˵˭˵ⲻأ
˺мɵһĴǰһòĹҵޣֱ˼ѵüؼ
ļٵİ
㼸ŮҲЩ׷쳤˲뿴ǸӣΰҲһȤӡ
ȴһЦҡҡͷǸûκγӣҲûжƻҲֻ˴ţˡ
Ҫ׼ͷһھƣͻȻһ漴һƺɫ֮ʼʳָӿΧ˶ھ۾Ŀ̨ϣûע⵽֡
źۼĽֲ£ͻȻʧȥ˶öָĿƣȻһҪָغۼʳָ뵺ȴڻۡ
һĹʳָϾͳöɫӽָڽָεһɲǣͻȻһһĪĿ⣬̨ϵ
һʼôһ£ȵ̨ϵٿԼϵĽָؿ˼飬һŵͷͻȻԺ
ѵȻͽָ֮ʲô
ָѾţ֮ҲǾһĥѣڵõֵ֮һȻ޷ýָȫɿԳΪҪı
ǸһֱĴ˵ͽָһӦû߼֮󣬲ܳΪһ޶Ĺװ
õָ֮Ȼ֮һֱѰಿȴʼûκεϢ
ôȥˣõĹװֻнָһö
ԭһΪѴɽٺڵѾԷӳָһЩ֮ĹܣɢȴֻܶûĴ﹦ܡ
ҿռ仹쳣СŲʲôֻʤްˡ
öָǶ˷Ӧô˵пܾǹװ֮һʧ
뵽ʹԣҲɵЩһʱʧ֮£ȻըеľƱ
صһ죬һ˶عͷҲм˿˹
Ůһæתȥֽӡ
ҶϦеʵôˣû°ɣ
ⱭҲ̫ʵˣô˵ˣҪ˰
ΰؿڣ˿
û£û£š
ٺһЦֽһ˲ӣһûע⣬ֶʱ¶˴ҵ֮С
ףָģ
ΰۼ⣬ע⵽ʳָϵĽָǵøղûָôһת۵ĹϾͶһöָ
ŮҲע⵽ˣһ뿴ȫʡ
ָЩ˰ɣǴõİ
ҶϦĴ˹֣ϸĴһŮҲǺͷһ۲
ǿʲôһЦүүҵĽָǰһֱûѡ
첻֪ҪμҾͰѽָϣողóһ¡
ҶϦʱһЦ
ԭصװƵİ
ٺ٣ûʲôǮֻŪŶ̧̧Լˡ
ڨڨһЦӡ
ָȻʽ򵥣ǿʮִִɲĸо϶ܲ򵥣үү˵𣿡
ϸĴһ
үүûϸ˵ֻ˵һİģʱ˺ôһǮ˲ſүүġ
˸ɣ˹ȥ
˺Ū˹ȥʶתʳָϵĽָ۾Ķ̨е
˸ղһ̨³۵ѾһƬȣ۸Ѿǧ֮ߡ
ǰæ뷨ֻһͱˡ
²µʵ·Ѿŵϵȷûܹݻһӡ۶ܡ
ǹķǵըˣҲܹı
ôһȻôĵط϶һЩ˵ע⣬ɲڴ֮ͥõ
ҪãҲԺһᣬĵŪ֣֣ܲܵǴûɹ⡣
ǧ򣡡
һȵӵһŴԭǧļ۸ֱӷ˫һӾ̧ǧĸ߶ȡ
һȻΰ֮ǰᵽǸˣμ
һڣȫʱûƺҶ֪Ǹʲôӣû˸ȥ
ۺǧļ۸ɽ鰽С
Ƶ֮ר˴᳡أžԶеĸӦҲ΢ȥ
һ֮ͷֿԿöָˣ΢΢һָıʱ뵵ĺ
ڼ˶Ѿ˽ָĴڣʱûջؽָǼϣҲ±˿ʲô
Ȼ˰Ҫõöһ˼УϾ˵滰ôҵС
½½չĲƷûһٴﵽĸ߶ȣҲûȤעЩͨĲƷ
ѾȫͻȻֵ֮ϡ
ڵһƺûߵ򣬾Ȼйװ
ЩԣǷɢҲһһӯĵطҲڱԡ
ָһѾҺıѰҵģȻʮأôûϵϣǽָͣĵطѡһء
ȴǴĬĬŵĵ֮ϣϡ֮˵ǹɼķͨķӲʮ֮һ
ڻ᳡ݱĽ֮ʱ¥һڣվڴ棬۾·һˡ
˳߿ȥͻᷢŵ˾Ȼ
ʱȫ񶼼ͻȻֵ֮ϣûע⵽Ȼ˶ôá
վڴͳ绰ƽĲһ롣
ߣһˡ
һ仰˵꣬绰漴Ҷϣ·ɺ޲ɭһЦ
ģΪ˷ֹһЩҪ鷳ֻѡʧˡ
ʮҵʱ䣬¥ĹսǴݵһӰķһ漴ֱϢĴˡ
ʱķڣ⣬Ѿֶһ˵Ӱ
һòʮˣҲ΢ɲ飬ƺʲôص书˵ŮԻ£ļ
үʲôԸ
ǸСӿû
һָ·ŵ
Ҳϣ컹κϢ
âһıӰ˵ͷ
û⣬үˣԲ̫
ܺá
ָָһԷŵСƤ䡣
ȥɣ³֮ȥһܣʱٻ
ϸĿһۣӣһ͸Ѿʧ˷ڡ
뿪֮Ҳ뿪˷䣬֪ȥ


74 ˴
ֳյĸǣҲ𽥽ӽβʱһֱעŰͻȻԱߵļ˶ʱȵ
һе£ˣǴԼȥɡ
ʲô°ȥô
ʵΪѾеˡ
Ҫһ£Ҫȥһ£õˣ˯ɡ
΢΢һЦһ뿪˻᳡
ԭڸղŲǰҲǰ뿪ˣҪ֪ױصȥҲԺȥû
һ·˻᳡ţɨһۣͿ˰ڼڵͬ£ֱһ˹˹Ӱ뿪ˡ
΢һε̾Ϣĸ档
̵Ƽ࣬Ҳĸ
Լȥ˼·ڣһ·ڽתʱܵ·ͻȻһڣ˲ģĺӰ
ͬʱѩ׵ӺӰһͬʱ֣ĵֱӷĸҪ
ûзӦӣӰʱһϲû뵽Ŀô׾ͱˣεǮ̫׬ˣ
ʱһȫ·ûйͷһŤ˲ͱܿնµĵ⡣
ŵʱ󾪣ȻûϵȻ׵ľͱܿǵĹ׼ϻʱѾչ˷
Ų΢һѾһӰԱߣһѾһĵָ䣬̧һײǵӰͬʱҲеĵ
ָתеĵѾƾռжϣֳһ˦ͬʱ˵ļ
죬еĵҲ׷׵ڵأֻ˲ĹѾ˵װ
ûɱ˵˼һܴܲǿʳʲôϢ
뿪ʻ˾ȻϵˣִӱһѶذģһ漴ͬʱʧ
ȻٶޱȣѾ˳˵ļޣɿԲ׽ǵӰֻÿĹҪ˵֮ʱ˵λܻͻȻһãžͻƫԭࡣ
һ棬⼸˵ͦģʱ໨ȥ۲죬һ֮ͷЩİء
ԭ¶Էжϳץסһ˿˵Ķһģ֮󣬾Ȼ
ֻӰͻȻģ˵Ĺһ޷ΣԽǴȥԽľΪʩչѾ˻Ҫտ
֮Ѫи߽׵һɱָûʸѧϰģˣҲѧ˵Ƥëѡ
ȻǶ
˽һһ˿
ҲѪڲˣ
Īʻһ㶣̾ͷӦ˹ֶͬʵԭҲǣΪʲôҪɱ
Ҳִֻ֪·ˣ֪Լˡ
ҡҡͷͬʱ˵
ȻѾ֪ԼˣôǼ׷ɱңҪȥ
˵ͷʮƽ˵
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һɱѪļ˵
ڻУԼҪִУղžڸĿ꣬û뵽Ǵˡ
ҡҡͷָָղųȥķ
ڲǻȥ滹鷳ģΪεһɳ˾ɱ֣Ƕڲͬĵط
ִڼ䣬ǲụϵģⱩ¶мҲ֪ͨˣܻϮġ
ɱ΢һ
ʲôҪɱңüͷһ壬ֱʵ
ѪĹӦףκʱǶ͸¶Ϣοִֻ񣬲֪Ϣ
ҡҡͷ
ðɣȻȥɣǼ˾ͲòˣǻԸңûʲôϵȻǻȥġ
Ҳ֪˲֪ʲôҪϢûжһѾʧããҹɫС
һ߲ͣŵ·ɱһϸ˼ŸղŵǼɱֵıȻϴεķɵвһģǵ֯Ҫǿ֯µĹ
һ֯ʵǲӵģӵԼĴУƾһ
˼ʱһ΢紵һĵ˲Ĩԡ
ǰͻȻֵһˣɫߣɫףɫƤЬɫװ϶һɫСߡ
ֻüô࣬һ飬ĵȥһ̲ѪҺѾ˳
֣
˵֣͵һѪ
벻ĸ֣ȻҲ͵Ϯ
Ǹɱֻ֣Ϊһֶζǿõģ͵ϮʲôһùĵֶΡ
ðɫеУԵʮᡣ
ɱ֣ʱȻյô׼ظղҺǼ˽ֵʱѾ˰ɣ
Ѫĭ϶ʵ
ʵǿҲò͵ϮķаһЩҵڶ͵ϮɱĿꡣ
һЦ˵ʡ
ȻҶҪˣܸܲ˭ҪɱңҲ׹ҪôϡͿˡ
ԽԽС۾Ҳպ
ȻѾҪˣںЩʲô˾һ˰ˣʲôҪ֪ˡ
˲ûлشĻ
һ֮˵Ҫ󣬶ܴӦ𣿡
Բ𣬲ҿԸ㣬ҵ֣ȥ֮Ҫǵ˭ɱ㡭ҽߣǺˣ
ӺһЦһֱۣת뿪ˡ
תһɲǣͻȻԤ׵һİɱͰֱĥʮ֪²̵һը̳ӯȫ
һѾһԱ˳ȥ
Ҳһ˿ȣû뵽ε͵Ϯ˾ȻҲܸӦ˿ٶȾ˷Ӧ
ٶȣѾĿǰУתһˣӸղͻȻȻҲһ˾龳Ѿ˵ĸ֡
Ҳ˿Ȼ½ûеõʲôľѧƾһľ飬޸һЩĹֱܹʹá
οղŻѪ̵͵ѧһʮʵõѾֱʹ˳ʱƾһң֮Ȼ֡
һֱûлͷȴܱܿĹľǾ˵ĸӦȻʩչ֮̾ĸӦ
аһ⣬ζʱӶһãȴǱΪݣôãʼս
׼һ״̬ʱұۣʳָָһһЩ鸡Ľʱָð˳
̵Ķһ鸡һ㲻ʵ·һͻֱɢȥһ㡣
һ΢֮Ľȴ߱ʱ׶࣬̾͵ǰ赲Ҳ޷һƻζѵĽ
ôܣ
͵ػһƣȴѾˣĲѵĺ˼ŵĽؿڡ
ȻûʲôѪ֪ѾˣΪ˿Ѿǰ󶴴ѪҺٻ
㣡ⲻܣҵĵ
վߵг˲ʡߺ޺ɻ벻ףԼһĿ꣬Ϊλܺúõվ
ղŵϵѪѵǼٵĲɣ
ϧѾԶ벻ˣ˫ϥһֱӹڵأϢȫޡ
ߵصʱɫһ䣬ٶ͵һڵɫѪǰ߶һģ
뿪˴·˳Сӣһ·ǽײײǰȥ
ߵĵޱȣ滹մȾ˾綾һȻն壬ǲ䵽ⲽء
ףǵϵľ綾
֪˶ãڳһЩϤӰ벻˭ıܻѵ֡
ϧʱѾ˵ˣɫһƬ࣬һͨһԵڵأͳ׵ʧȥʶ


75 ҽ
ʫϽ°Щ١
ΪҽԺͻ˺üλ˴Ĳһܺߣڽȵֲʫֻһæ
λˣصλ˶סһæһϣֱҹ뿪ҽԺ
ʦļգÿʱһʦĹʾƾ
һҽʦ״ֻʦΪʮֵ͵һ˸֪ʦţ֪ˣʦΪҽ
ֵǶʦҽдա
ŲԽԽӽʦĹʾӣʫϵҲʼóյĻ𽥸ͷʦЦòԺ
ʱ򣬶ײײһӰͻȻԤ׵һͷԵڵأҲû
ҽ߸ĸģʫܲᣬʱʰһ飬С˹ȥ
λ·˵ʱ򣬽·ƵĹһգʫ϶ʱһе˾Ȼ
ʱ沿࣬ڱѪѾ˿״̬ƾҽ飬ʫϼ̾ж˳
о綾֢״û˶оΣϰСʱ֮ڣͻֱ御
ϸΪʲôΪʲôľ綾ʫæķ
ʱΧѾһƬģûа˵ӣʫȻҲҲ˰æ
һٰʮ幫֣ȻȳƣҲǿ֪ʫôһŮӣ廹ãǷǳġ
ֻǰ뱧˼·ʫϵĶͷѾ߳һϸϸܵĺ飬Ϣ̱ļ
ʮΣҲ˲ϵƣôӲһ·ȥ
ƽն̶̵·ȴһӣСһ˫ľ֮ǰʫϰűߣͳԿ׿ٵĴš
һĺԺĴԺӣһеĲöʽĺԺһģһΪʫϵʦСĻϵʱҲѡĲá
ϰ뱧ţʫ۵ڽ׻ԵŪ˷Ĵϡ
ʱԼѾ۵ðǡ
˲ϢĳУСƿеһҩιԼһƿǽҩι
һʺ̾ʵĶһҩҲ˶ӡ
ҩϢļӣʫϿʼϸļȫڲ֪ﻹˣʫİǹȫ·
ģ
ĵһۣʫ鲻Խķһ̾ΪһҽĻģȴǵһμ
һӷʣһݡ
ȻûбըԵļ͹𣬲ܺЩᲢۣϤҽصʫȴףȳƵ¿̺˼Ϊǿı
˻ԴʫǿԼ˹ڿɲоʱ۾ⲻȥӵĽҪλʼͷŵϸ¼顣
ãֻҪһ˿ڣ˿ƺԭȵĲһѾһЩϵĺۼԭȵƶϣ˿ӦòôСŶԡ
ʫϲͨͬҽ۷ҲŸ裬ϣŽһҽʮָһ۾Ϳ˿ڵ쳣
ǿľ綾˿ڸ޷ʲôӰ죬ֻҪһʱ䣬ͻ᳹׵Ļָ̺۶
ĿʫϷֶɵ㣬ȵҽԺʱøˡ
һͨˣɲҹĶ·ϡ
ֻ綾ѾѪ࣬ûнҩ£Ҫǿ𣬾ֻʩչˡ
ʦ˵һĿƣǿʩչΣ˵ԼҲѱ
ҪĹͷȲ֪綾ƣҲ֪綾䷽ҵҩȻҲ޴̸ֻһˡ
ŻԲѡɫʫ˾֮С
Ǿȣǲȣ
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ʮ־ʫϣ˿̧ͷ˲䣬⿴˹ǽϵǸʦĻ
һͷסüĿˣº͵۹⿴һУƽˮȴůĵʹʫһԺһĻĻ䡣
꣬ʦʱಡʦľΣҲ޷졣
һ죬񻹼ǵʮ
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ڲϣѾ˿İʦپΪ֪ÿһξʦͷϵͻơ
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ƾۼʱ̣ʫ˫ۡ
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˫ֻӰһӿ˿˿Ľ⣬ЩЩϸĽ뷢ġ
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ȥ֮ãʮ߸γɵͼزͣƶʮ顣
٣ľ׼ȣӵĲʫԭͱȳ˽Ů˵Ѿͻ˼ޡ
ֱϵ֮ɫȫͣеĶ漴һѪ˳һ֪ſĶϡ


76 ֻش
Ůз˼С
һ书ʮָǿѰ֮Ҫ˺ҲǲܵģŮûʲôģ֮ϴ˯ˡ
ڶ𴲺¥ڼңƺһȥˣǸûл
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Ĺƺʮ˽⣬һ֪׶˵ĴڣҪЩôͱҪӽȻʧˣôܲ˾ͽΪջ
绰һˣö˶˱һȳ΢΢һ㶣ɫеĵ绰ŷһȡ

һ֮һ߲һ߽ķ䡣
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ʮָжʫϺҲֻǼˣʲôرҪõĹϵҽԺʱͷҽȻΪӹȴһҪ
˷˻Ҳ۵ĹǺ治֪һġ
лл㣬ҽ֮ûԺлᣬ౨
Ȼ˹廹ʮܵ˾綾ָֺҪʱ䡣
ˣҽҾɲΪ㱨ҡ
ʫ΢΢һЦע⵽ߵһ˿Ѫ漴뵽Լϵľ綾ӣȻһ˿Զûˣ׵˸ɾ
ҽһ£ʲôϵľ綾
ʮֺ棬־綾嶼סȻʲô򵥵Ļɫʫнҩĸʵ̫ˡ
ýѨطⱾʦĶţ˼ƾʮ߸룬ҽţ֪ʲôԭ򣬲ط
ʫóֱ߲ԶĽ룬һۡ
ԭȻƾ⼸룬ͽϵľ綾ûκνҩҲЩ𾪣ַѾǼˡ
ʦϵѾߵ̶ֳȣ֮
ʦҽѧʮһΪĪϰ书ܹѧĶʮޡ
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ʫϲ԰׵¶һ˿΢ЦЩпĿһľĽ룬ҪЩպá
һվʱǰһðӻ˻Σһƽ
ҽû°ɣ
æĵʵϾʫΪ˾űӵġ


77 ط
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ʫ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
⣬ҽû㿴ôûʲôķӣ
ǲ⣬˵ԼʦҽûʲôβõĲôʫϵӡ
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ʫϽŲһ٣˵
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üͷһ壬˼һ
ҲԺܰһæ⿪ڵİҲ˵أ
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񣬾Ѿȥ꣬ʣµУһط߾磬Ѷȿ֪


78 ˮ¾
ģҲ߾磬Ѿܽ⡣
ʫϵǣʱ΢΢һЦϾط߾磬Ǻųƻ׹ǣٴܲѰɣ
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Ϊ籾ԭҪһȦڵݳﵹһѡͲ֪ϲˡ
Ҧ΢΢һЦ̽˵
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ǰӸģۿߵһŮˣֲҷֻð˲˵ϣԵǽһͣһֱ


86 
㷹֮˳˰ᣬմţͿǱһȺˣͷҦ˱ˡ
ףҲ
Ҧ˿ûһۣĿֱӶϡ
㰡Ҳ̫˰ɣղ·ǼᣬΪأ
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ĲϷǻұ˰ɣҲûʱ䰡ѧУҪϿأ
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87 ţ
ΰܿͻص˼УŮʱ򶼻û˯һΧڿпӡ
ˣȥķˣ
΢΢һЦŽŵʵ
ӴѪȥϣٴһ٣Ե̫ˡ
ƤһŵҪӡ
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첻ȥϣٳ˷һˣǲ²˭
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һ˵꣬ӴС۾ǰɫװ̫˧ˣȫԵĹЧ
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һԹۿĵݺƬʱͣ׷׾ֱ֣һԱȻܹ˷ḻʡ
ϷϷǶ޷飬˵Ȼֻǻ˼ӵĹ򣬾Ѿȫˡ
ˣҲû˶ĳκ飬ѾñݵĲܣˡ
ҦҲһȣȻϵֵܻıȽϺãֱȴҲûģʱжĺּһ
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88 
ҦҲе㱳Ҫ֪Щ鲢Ǻѡ
һľ飬Ҧʼ磬һЦ
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㵹ʮֵȴһţ׷ײ²㱳ʵжǿ󡣡
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ڣҵеţԼ˾ͽصܡ


89 ǵҼ
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90 ҩ
ϸһ룬Ҧ˾˵ҲԣʽˣͰּҸʰˣôϵһԼĵز
ʽˣôԸּȻͺˣȻҲвСּҿɲ֮ǵͬСơ
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93 һ
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94 ˮ
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ŶˣǸ˵ҪŪЩڻܳҪ͵һ㣬һˡ
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Ҷ˵绰жµЧʺ⣬ֻ˵һ䣬ûǲ㣬Ǳ̾Ҫһ
ϺͼŮһڿΣȥͼĥʱ䣬Ȼûʱ򣬵绰ٴ
٣Ѿ͵ˣУſڣһ°ɡ
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УſڣȻ·ͣһA88888ĺɫγͦģҲȱյһͺ⡣
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˵ͷӹ˶ϳԣڿռܴҲǳ΢·һȦҲ⡣


95 
һȦųУ԰ѧԼͣϾѧ￪ѧҲܴܲҶͣУſڣ·ȫˡ
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ʲô㣿Ӳƴ϶ǲеģֳӰ̫ǲȫڸסġ

׼ȥһү͵㶫æУֻҪǻһʱ䣬µĵãͲЩں֮ˡ
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96 ̰Ϻ
еүʮͳˣҲǰʮϵĸ䣬ûëǲܵģʵڲ˵þ͵óˡ
ӿһƬһǧƽĴͣſվڵСǰ˴˳š
һѾͨԽͨõ˷ԸֱӴ˴š
үڿǡ
Ŵ·ˣһγĲƺʯ·˲һܴĻһ̬ӵүӣ̫ʦϡ
үô꣬ʲôûҲ˵ڿȻ˵Ī˲ǾĻˣ
Ļ᳤ݹ٣ĳδԶӭҪ
ү˴ΪģԴҶү
үˣûдкֱ߶ţү
ǸһЦ˸к
λǣ
һԵû˵ү۾˹ȥ
ѣľУҡ
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ԭСһ׮ѣͷӻ˵仰ģúøɣôᣬԺһǰ;
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ˣҲûоĴڣ֮以ƺ⣬˼˵õ顣
κһ󣬶˵ʲô£ڻƺ⣬˵仰û˸Ҳٱû˸ҡ
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ү϶ؼҳԷҪúףһ¡
ǣүȥԸ
ȥ·ϣԼĴ¸˵һʱеĿ࿴û뵽СӾȻôǶı
ǰϼһӲˣһ˻¹ص;ʲô飬˻Ҫ㵽ͷϡ
ҡͷһЦ˵ƻȱ㡣
Ȼ֪Ӷ˻¹صһ·˳˳ˮҲҪһµʱ䣬;ֵСⵢʱ䡣
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Ȼ㵽һ㣬Բ޿֡
ܺã¾Ҫı󶯣Լ뱻ĵز
ĵ˵ͷԽ鷳ҲԽ٣Ͼ¹ɲŲƨɡ
ˣζԸİУ˵˭ǣͷ
ǰˣᣬ׼йϷǵĵ̣ҲߣԲ©˷ǰ֪ˡ
᣿Ϥ֡
ôֺϤһ˵ԭΰ׷ɱʱЩ˾˵ԼǰĳԱ
ԭǣҲְܲ
٣Ҳ֪ⰲ᣿
ĿһЩ鲢ģΪ֪ᡣ
ҵһϱ׷ɱð·ңǴξѾˣֵ˵Ƕǰˡ
ԭˣ³ɺޣҸһˡ
кһ˵


97 뺷ҶϦ
ųصѧУѾˡ
յûãҶϦͱ˹ֵߣҴȥõط
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˵ˣߣ֪ˡ
ûмƶ죬ҶϦ֪ԽԽˣѾûӮϣǺӻˣ˶仵ˡ
뵽ҶϦʱһ۲ԶΰһĪúõǻ
ڼʱ˲ãˮ
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ӺһɫĽγ棬ӵͣĳ͵һ·ɳƯһ˦β뿪˶ѧУš
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˽ȫڸʻһСе
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ҶϦһ˷ܡ
оɢŹâѾȫĵ·ϾȻܳһʮٶȣ
һವĳȫ亹ϦѾͷʵ̫ˣԺ
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ǲ׷˼·ڣɫĳѾʧӰ٣ٶ׷ϣ˼ҲֻĿȥ
ҶϦ߳ļʻͺĶϵһԭҪСʱ·̣ȻӲѹʮӡ
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ҶϦ֮ķ̣һ˸߲ҡ
УԺѾͷٿˣֱײô죿
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ҶϦһЦɽȥ
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˶йҶʵͣɽٶȺܿ죬һĹѾˮǰ
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ԭŴջأתͷ߹λ˵ĽŲ֪һ֣Ϊʮֻ
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ҶϦȻûôȵߵǰʱҲˡ
Ľ㣬ôˣôĵ˾ң
ˣΪ飬ôÿëʱҶҪǿѹƣֻԽԽƵˣҵҲ𽥼Ӿˡ
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ѵĲͲܸǿѹƣֻα겻αķһѹƲסġ
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Ľ̾˿һԵ¶һ˿ЦݵλС˧˭𣿡
ãĽ㣬ҽ
ҶϦ˵ҽһ
濡ҲܺãҲͨ˼ңϦѾͷѣҲˡѾͷеðʧöչ
Ľ΢΢һЦһҶϦ
Ľ㣬˵ʲôأֻѣߵñȽϽѡǴʶģ˳Ļ衣
ѾͷǵҵĻˡ
ĽһҶϦĶͷֵ˵
һȥݲ衣
ȵĽ뿪ָ֮˵Ů˺ܲ򵥣Ȼôﵱϰ壿
ҾͲˣʶĽʱѾϰˣ֮ǰ飬Ҳû
ҶϦҡҡͷҲ֪Ľ㾿ʲô·
˾ңϹذ
תͷĲԣ̾˿
⼸ĽһֱѹڵĹֲڿҲҪѹƲסʱˡʵĽ֪һ죬ûзЩһֱڲͣѰƵķϧûʲôĽչ
ҽ䲻ôҲ֪ĻһԾȽһģϧҲ䡣
ҶϦҲϧ̾˿ȻͬĽԼҽ㡣
壬֣жʱһ
ϰĴط崫µľѧĽһֱ䣬ĪǽܹκϹĲ
˼ʱһ΢֮ʱע⣬΢΢һԴ̷ŴĿλþڲ¥ĺ󷽡
ãǸĽΣգϮ
ҶϦԶʱͷһת̿˲¥ĺ󷽣΢΢ȻҲĶ
һ̣ҶϦ˲ôֵĻ磬ֱӴȥɿ˲¥档
Ҳһȥ¥һƬĲ԰ֲŸָĲҶԶĽڵϣվĶ档
ģô꣬ڻǵȵᣬϵ˻㲻˼ɣĵ˾ңѹһܲװɣ


98 һʩ
ǹȻɵģϱǺǾȻҵ
ΪѹϹˣ˾ңƾǣҲֱޣ
Ĳ˲ǵѪʮ޵Ķˡ
ģҵȷóϹ㣬ЩʱӮɲ˭书߾ͿԵģöදԽ
ǸһЦ
׼˵ʱҶϦܽ˲԰ɫһ䣬ʱĳ˺ǿߣ
ٺ٣Ȼˣͱˣһ°ɣ
ұǸתͷһʱааһЦ²һѾɿĳ˹
ҶϦ붯֣Ѿֱӷϣ޻ڵһƶ˴˹ȥ˼״ʱһЦͬһƶ
˵ƸһϣֱһѪ˳漴֮ԶѹһƬ
ͻıʣڳһʱ䶼סˣ˭Ҳû뵽ȻǸز¶ĸ֣һֱ֮ӷ˶Էһˡ
Сӣ
һϼһ飬ͬʱһʱʮϸС뼤
İŲæ˫һţ󲪷ǰγһ޴ţ붼С
һɫˣ΢΢һЦһ͵ش߶ʮʱʱٶȻҪϱ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽ȻôһһĹʮѾʱһҽдﴫɫ̱
ʰˣҶϦҲ˲ȥôͻȻôֱܵһȷġ
Ľ㣬û°ɣ
û£อЩ𶯣ͺˡ
ǿ¶һ˿ЦݣҶϦС֡
εҪлˣû뵽ѾȻǸز¶ĸ֣ǵģȻĽ㣬Ѿͷ
аĽ㣬ҿҲ֪ôءкܶңȥúúһ²У
ҶϦƳһĹĵ˵
Ľ㣬ϦѣҲҵѣҾͱôˣҰˡ
΢΢һЦʼ
Ƕлˣҿ϶ڽˡ
̾˿ŵزˣһ˿ޡ
ˣĽ㣬ʲô·ôͻȻܵ͵Ϯ㣿
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ǰʦֵܣΪϹֵõʦ洫ʱ͵ϮңȫУһΪʧ
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ĵνִͶ뿪ˣû뵽ôȥˣǾȻ
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ҶϦɻʵ
ܸʲôͼıеľѧΪϵõʦ洫϶Ϊ˵õ书
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ѧǵУɳѹֽʦû书ǣͿ͸ˡ
ҶϦӵĿһۣм˵
Ľ㣬ϹΪ˲ӣԵȫңУ
һϸ˵˶˵̸ʱʵ
ǰıҵԽԽѾѹƲסˣȻƾҵĹ׼ҹŸġ
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ǧټҵҽ뵽Щҽ֪ʧȥˣȻһϢôȥǳŲ˶ˡ
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ҵȷ֪˿ԾϹܲܳɹһܱ֤
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㻹˵ûĽôô
ҶϦ˶ţֵİһ
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ΪʲôҲҪ
ҶϦС죬Ŀ
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ǺðɣȥˣһҪκý򰡣
ҶϦСһ죬һת뿪ʯҡ
İɣһᾡȫġ
ϸڣһȥϵ·ֱ˿Ƶڴϡ
ĬĬ˹죬״̬֮һͬʱĨչĲֻϲŵʱƮ
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ʮָᵯµ̻ɫĵ⣬һĴۻҵķ裬ٶȿһԵĸ
ǸֵĻǿ趯˿˿켣ͨͻᷢƺһɫ֮С
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99 һǹ
˵ٶʩչ뷨Ҫ׼ϵÿһѨλķѵ֮޿֪ʫʩչǾԲܳɹġ
ʫϵķӦٶȣԴﵽʩչ˾׵뷨ĳ̶ȡ
һԾۿģʱǴҲҳһ
ļʶȻ֪˿ʩչ뷨Ƕôѣһ΢ͻᵼģӶһ
ʹͬʱٿʮ룬ʮҪоԾȷĿƲУʩչߵĹҪž޴Ŀ顣
ʹʩչ뷨һӵʱ䣬ͷϾͳϸϸܵĺ顣
óʩչҲ൱ġ
ʱĻţϵĵɫûб䱡ԽԽŨƣȻڲϵٶȡ
ͻȻ䣬һƺߣ漴һ˿Ѫ
ıû˿ı仯۾ҲһֱĶϵ壬ƺûԼı仯
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뷨ʩչ˼£һͺȣȻȫע֮ϣһҫ۵ǹɲǼϵϱ˿
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֪ʩչ뷨̫ڼָûȥǴһ˴ȴ·
ʱϣɫ֮ǰѾ̫࣬һ˿󣬿ⲻ˼ı仯ľϲİ˰ƽȣҲ֮ǰ
ʩ룬ȻĽڵ˳׵κˣ
зỨô꣬ǵȵ˽Ϲһ죬ôֲиĸĲһᡣ
ʱҲʱڵĻָһʱ̾飬ûȥĴָ
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лл㣬ľѾָڳ׵κˣ̫лˡ
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̫ˣû뵽ĳɹˣ⻹ĽôһֱûзҲֲ죬򲻸ˣڵȵһ졣
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ȥɣҪһʱŻϾôʱ䣬ڵҲҪӦһС
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һ˴ľҶϦһҲͣĴ߶ʯڵʱæ˹ȥ
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Ѿ׵ĸԭˣҪлϵ˹Ҳûϣˣ治֪ô
ĸмһЦ
Ľ㣬˵⻰̫ˣԺֻҪҺȼòС
һЦİ˰֡
û⣬ֻҪȲˣʱĽԸݲ衣
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ҶϦҲ˿²ٵˡ
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Ĺ磬ҲѧУˣֱҶϦؼҡ
ָĵʱ䲻ָ綼пܵ䡣
һ·ص˻ԷȻҶϦ֪ôȵϣǿӣҲܿڵʮƣ
һ·ϳû˵ҪϢҶϦǲµСֻǾĿٵķ˼
˼ſڣͣóҶϦ³ȥߵſСϵʱתͷҶϦ˵Щʲôͻ
ͻȻһ˱һɾǰ˺üͨһԵڵء
һ̲ѪҺ̴˿

ͻıʾҶϦһһеǰȥԼĻ۾ɨеķݡ
ѻ֣
ҶϦԺһͷΧûзʲô쳣ѻֵλûҪԶܹôԶô϶һ;ѻǹ
Ϊ˾ϣúķ˴񣬴ƣӾͿԿĳʵѻǹҲѻ
ҶϦϸļһ˿ڣӵӱιǵλ룬ǰ͸˳λþƫ˲һס
ղתͷ˵ӵͻֱ࣬һ
Զľ룬ľȷȣɱ־֮ͨˡ
ӵĴ󴴿һֱѪҶϦҲûʲô취ֻȵѨֹס˿ڸѪܣһѪ·
ͺյһ֨ѽһ̶̥Ħ̷ɿʻ˻ԷֱӳһҽԺȥˡ
飬ҶϦԺ뵽һˣʫϣҲֻʫϲܾˡ
ܽ㣬ϦؿǹڴʧѪУѾҽԺ·ˡ
ûҽԺ·ҶϦѾ˸绰ʫϡ
ʲôôǹģ
ڰ칫ʫһеˮֱӵ˵ϣһŵʵ
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ͽңҶϦץʫϵ֣е˵ܽ㣬һҪѽ
İɣϦһᾡȫȰģ
ʫϵݹһĵ˿֣߽ҡ
Ӣʳ¥ϵİ칫ңһ͵ƿţ˵磬ˣǸսӵϢǹѾ͵˵һҽԺȣ
ʲôôǹģ书ôã˭԰
ŵʵ
ǻѾڵһҽԺˡ
һͻȻ뵽ǰʱǿҩ裬漴̷Ը죡ˣȥһҽԺ
У֪ͨˣɽ׷鸽еŷˣһŹ
ҽԺʱĳѾˣҶϦŮµҲ֪ͨǡ
ѧУϿεŮ֪µϢæϵҽԺ
ãһ£ǲȣ
ǰСʵ
˼ǣ
һɻĶûˣ֪ʲôϵ
ٵѣҽٵĳҲίġ
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ҶϦ̧ͷʵ
ϴίҰæҸŷˣӵϢѪ̿ɳɱ֣ŷ޹û뵽ǻûҵˣپѾˡ
̾˿һӡ
벻ɱֳˣ취ˣȥɲУֻǧǧշĵ
ػоһ
УҵȥҸүү취æ


100 龪һ
Űȥһ¸ɰ֣αˣա
ضԼ˵뿪ҽԺ
һԵͻȻʲôæͳһСƿӣһźɫҩ裬ҩݸ㡣
ϴҵҩ裬Чǳ棬ؼʱ̾ͿһϽ͹ȥ°ɣ
Сҩ裬ôĹЧѵǴ˵еɵҩɣ
ҶϦ꣬ȻԸҩ˽⣬湦Чҩ裬˵ˣ˵Ҳֻڴ˵
˴ǲòһۡ
Ȼ˵ʶǱ׼ʲôʱͻᷴһǶҩ˿»ֱһغ
Ůɵģһתʱ˹ŮǺ
ҿһ£ֱһԵСܵݹһذס
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λؾţûٵİæнգκʱҶкٵ˼
ڣҾ͸֤һҩĹЧ
΢΢һЦ־ӣذֱһʱһ˿ڣѪ˳ָĵ¡
һֹȴҪǸСƿӣҩ˳һЩĩ˿֮ϡ
һĻͬʾһٴ˵ǰݡ
ֱֻϵ˿ڣۿɼٶȷɿϡ
һĹõ˿ھѾϣ̺۶û¡
ҶϦĻһۣû뵽òҩȻôĹЧ˿ڣ˵Ͼֱˡ
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Ľӹµݹҩ裬Щ˼˵
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ҽǼ˵ļͽģǷԸһҪԽϡ
ʫϻͷһۻʿеСƿǿССҩʱһ㶣뵽ϴǿҩ衣
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ʫϵҩ裬׼µʱ̨ϵͻȻ۾һסʫϷŵߵ֡
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εȷûʲô󰭣ΪϵѪһ㣬Ѫе࣬ҶϦѾǰѨֹѪˣԲǺء
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յǹϢʱһ󳩿ĴЦѪ̴ŷɱֹȻһһǹЧʾǸߡ
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֣̫ˣԲźô򵥵⣬һ侲ǾԲֵ᷸ͼĴ󣬿ǸҲʮ⡣
˵
ҵȷǺԴСӳֺǵĺܶƻѾˣһղһѰ
˵ͷһ˿â
֣ԺͽɣӦǵʱˡ
΢΢һЦ
ô룬̫ˣֻҪ׼ˣʱѧ˾ϰࡣ
һЦϻοĸо
ãõҰĶϱ˵
ҲǹһЦ
лᣬ͵úúðգҪȥ֮ǰǸ˾ͽˣСҲͦϲġ
֣ʵĻ˾ͽҰɣ
⣬һŹ
ͷһЦҲ΢ЦѣվǵĽǶȿ⣬ԶǵһλûʲôȼΪҪ


101 
˵ʱ򣬳ȥ̽Ϣ˻ˣ߻㱨һɫ̳
֣ôˣ
˵ĲǸȷû£ɱֻشѣڵһҽԺѾȻˡ
ŭһйϹܼҡ
ϵһѪ̣Ǳô˵
Ϲܼҵ˵ͷߵһԴ˸绰һĹ˻
ѾʾּҵĲ⣬ѪǱͬ˻ؾųɵӶ𣬵ǲ˹ˣͬһĿ꣬ǲٴζˡ
ʲôôˣ
ʱŭ
ǵģѪ̵ĹأҲûʲô취ֻˡ
ϹܼҲΣǻܲ˼Ѫ̵ͷϣһǱ˺˵˶Σգǿһɱ֯
֣ǵ鷿ȥ̸̸е뷨Ҫ˵˵
˵ͷȥ˶¥鷿
ʲô£
֣һֱίбȥ£վǲô㣬ǲӦ齨һѪĶ飬ҪʱԶһ
˼ǣ
ʱ۾һ
Ҫڲ֮أЩڰнΪбҪ齨һ顣
һ
뷨ǲǾôʵʩأҪȥң
΢΢һЦ뷨ǺܲǼƻҪʵУкܳ·ҪߣҪŵùȥһ¶ּҾͻᱻƵͷ˼֮ϡ
֣Ѿˣͨɱ־ʹȥңھܹϸѵ׾ͻ֣ʱھͿһˡ
ֻǸ߽׵ɱ֣ͱҪȥѰˣЩ˱ǹֲУſԶԸһЩĿꡣ
Ҿòףǲһеģھѵ̫ˣѾӵͬˣתвͨ
룬ҡҡͷ
֣ͷǮʹĥںöתҵ֮󣬸ҲʺϵĹҲǵоӵҪ
Ҳм˺ͺӣ㲻ΪԼǣҲܵΪ˿ǰɣֻЩ»ҪְæС
΢΢һЦ࿼ǵ飬ҲͿǵˡ
˵ɣҪôæ
ʽԱҪְæ
ʽ϶û⣬Աҵȥң
ɻĿŶʵ
֪ûԱǱаֿҾĹϵһЩתҵ˵ӦòǺѰɡ
һЦգգ۾
ûʲô⣬ˣԽЩתˣȻͽȥ졣
˵ͷĨĨͷԳһЦ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
һˣʲô˵ҲΪּҵδԶǣ־úοԺڿ԰ѼϵĵӷһЩˡ
ּҸ滮ʱǱҽԺҲѾתػ˶Χ˲ߡ
ڴ꺮ů֮ʣΰż߽˲ﻹһĹ
ָ磬ôҲ֪ͨһɰҸˣ
ΰứ˵ϣֵӶʱѹһϵŮæӡ
Ҫ֪ؿôһѹĸһ𣿣
ҶϦݺݵĵΰţŭ
ָ磬㸣һµģһôŮأҲ᲻öǲǰɣ
ΰ˼Ĩ˰ͱ飬Ц˵
˵ɣСҵʲô£ô򵥰ɣ
ؿڣû˵
ָ磬⻰˵ģ̫ˣǵĸôѵһ²Ӧô飬յ˺
ΰ̾˵ϵС飬ֱð˹ˡ
ˣˣǴС飬Ҳܲϣʲô¾ֱ˵ɡ
һı飬Ͳµһһʲô¡
ȻʲôҲָ۾ָ磬ҪæˣȻҵǰ;ɾûһϣˡ
ΰɫ˵
ô㲻ǵʲô֢֮ɣ
üһ
ָ磬
ΰķ˸ۡ
Ȼʲô֢ɥʲôѵʲô£
΢΢һЦȤĴӡ
ָ磬ǱأһҪ취
ΰŸ
˵ҿܲܰæ
ΰӲ˵ٻҲе
ָ磬ȿƬ
ΰӿڴͳһƬݵС
ӹһʱһЦؿڵ˶еʹŮֵĿһۣӹƬһ֮Ҳ̿Ц
ӣŮˣ˵㻹Ǿ䰡
ָ磬ͱЦˣһ˶ѾٽˣټĻԺﶼˣֱ˯ذˡ
ΰͷһ󰧺
ҿǰɣ汻˵ˣѵܵĶ󲻳ɣ
ʱһֻһ˵ˣû뵽Ȼһߡ
ǰֻǼһѣŮˣ׸ô찡
ָ磬ҵԺӦŮƲǣɲĻٵ
ӣ˵ȢˣǶ࿴ۣҾԲ£Ժô
ΰʹ˵ϣоԺһƬڰҲ
ӣôô˵˼ңı׼˼ҿǱˡ
ŵϵӣЦ˵
ָ磬ģȡЦˣϽ취ɣôŮƣһа취ģȾң
ļҲܲɡ
ǲǼҲȥˡ
ôƷأô
֪һżһ棬ﻹпȥעʲôƷ
һ̾ŮʱһЦ
ӣ۹ˣҵ۹ĹǼܺܲʳɹĻһǸǳƯŮ
ϸ˿Ƭһ˵
ָ磬㿪ʲôЦҲ벻ܳΪʲôŮ
ΰһҪȥӡ
ô֪˼ҲŮʵ˵ɣӣǸŮ˼㣬һܽ㲻ţζӦЦˡ
һЦ
ָ磬Ҹˣģĥˣ취
ΰƽʱŮҲȻԼ˵㣬ǾԲܽԼŮҲô֡
ؼǣǸֹݺܲ򵥣ҲʲôֶΣһļ׷Ҳûʲôùӳԡ
ھɽһҲܶû취ֻ֮취ˡ
ӣңͽֻҪʳɹǸŮûƭ㣬ôϲĻ͸һӦĻͽ
ɫһ˵
ָ磬ҵȻˣȻҲˣ˵˵ʲô
Ǹһʣĵϲ㣬һͬġ
΢΢һЦ˵Ǹ


102 ɱ
һŮأ
İɣǣҿŮ۹û
΢΢һЦݹһĵ
ðɣҾָһΣ
ΰ׳˵һȥı飬һ̱
ǿǼٽﰡ˵ͼҪɩǵģǵõȵ°
ҪۣиڣĺˣҺ֮취㣬ֵܵ£ã
΢΢һЦ
ģָ磬ɷҺüθˣοɱٺˣС˲𰡣
ΰӿỨ
һһĸ㶺ҡͷһСˮƻһһݸӡ
Ӹӹȥͱˡ
ҪӳԣҪأϦȥԡ
ΰֶʱ˻ȥֻ۰Ͱ͵ĿҶϦĿƻһЦĿԡ
ָúϢҾͲˣٹ㡣
¿ˮΰǣС뿪˲
˸ߵſڣͿһͷ߹ǹʵľˣſڣҸվˣһİſڡ
ΰֵĻͷһۣĲȻо˹أôһ£
ϵܺܶ࣬ΰҲȥٸʵףҡҡͷʹС뿪ˡ
ӳĵʲô˰׳Ȼ
һľСʵ
Ҳô֪ôʣֻҪ÷ڵĹͺãһűʣǵְ
ң׳ԵҪˣӦøе
ӳӵĿбӵ˵
ĸүүģ˿Ƕɫ־ˣսһָˡ
ؿĵģĥӲ˺һøүүͬ⽫˹
ϣŮ㵽˺ŻȥҶϦǼҪģɱ֪ûϻٴϮ
ҪȥǱҲľˣҶϦֲֻûؼϢȥˡ
Ҳ˵ˣǿŵҩҲ˵öҩԶԶӲôҪá
ܹ壬Ϊ岢ǺǿԵҩôЧϣɾûôԵˡ
Ͼͱǿˣԭ޴ķľѻǹ˵ϣɲֻһѣǻըӵġ
뿪̿ʼĬĬ˹ڽ޸ؿڵĴ֮ʱһɫָ֣֮˳
΢΢һ㶣ûеָ˼ôָԼð˳
ﻹֵʱͻȻüͷһָϳһĲɲȻûʲôӰ죬Ǹȴǻľۼ
ڵϱʮϡԾָܽŬռЧҲɲǷǳԣҲǽӦŷһ㡣
һŬ˹˽ָİָٶȻһЩĿǰҲʤˡ
εΣΪֶһ˿ȸУֻûĽŵĳ̶ȡ
ȫִǹе͵ϮͿԸõӦˣᷢ
һڵִ󻷾£ʵ̫뵽ҪӿٶȣľԺһʱ뵽˼
ֻкͼһ˵ٶȲŻͬʱߣȥˣһ˴㡣
ĿڲϣĴ֮ʱһ޵ɱϣһ̸Ӧɱȴû۾
ʱ򣬲ĴߣһӰȻǱеĹһĲͳһڣӰ˴Ϣ˲
Ҳڴʱ۾ÿ˺Ӱվڴ߲Զĵط
ҵȵᣬҿڽˣ
Ӱ棬˵
㣿˭ôҪҵ
ϳ˵Σǵһ͵Ϯʹ÷ɵĸ֡
ˣһдֽոġ
񶸱䣬âһֻа׹һѷɵѾͬʱؿ˹ȥ׵ľ룬ѸķɵɲǼѾǰ
һ˵ַ֮ǰûʲôεʵ˺ܶ࣬ɵٶȺͷ֮ǰͬն
һߣɲǼ͹ֲֿ̧ͨƺʵٶȿ磬˲ĹѷɵͱС
ǿʹôصˣǿĲ˼顣
һЩ˵
Ҳÿһ͵Ϯңʵ֪ܶ࣬ôģ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
˿ôôľ룬ͽֽҷɵˣ㻹ǵһ
ͬɳƵһЦ
ˣҲû취̶ȡ
˵Ĳô㲡Ҫɱֵ·ֻҪʲôֶζǿԵģ
˵꣬а׹һգۼĹ򣬾ŰѷɵͬʱеҪλá
һ־ͿԿΪȷǱǰҪ߳࣬Ҳͬʱʹ˶ķɵˡ
ϧ̫Сˣֻһ˲ע˴֮ϣһ˦͵סǰɲǼеķɵľˡ
ô͵һؿڵ˶ʱը˿Ѫ̽ʪؿڵɴ֪²˳٣ûгǿ̺һɤӡ
ɱ֣
ֵľ̳˲ˣ˵ǹһ䡣
˵һҲһ˵һŲ棬һ˲Ҳè˲ĺ档
ʱѾ˲һվֹ֣ɱֻͬﻥϡ
˳ƷΣıƽŷĲеǹ˿ָŲķ˿ĶûУʾǿĿ
ʱһӰشӴһһת̶źӰһһǹͬʱһ֪²á
˳ĺӰһɫ·ˡ
˰ǹӰͬʱѷɵͬʱӲ˳׼ȷĻеǹһӰ˳һƬɫķĩһ
ֻһĹ򣬶ʱ赹ڵء
óӲ̵־ˣɱû·ĹȻһĹȫŵڵء
Ʒˣһ˷֪Ѿǿ֮ĩղŵֵǾŰѷɵ϶ϼˣľ
ȷǲԭľ޴ûлָ٣ֵηɵñͻָǴġ
ŷ˵ǰɱĺˣͻȻһᣬӲֱӹͻȻȻ˺˵Ԥ֮⡣
һĹһ룬һָ˺˵ؿ֮ϡ


103 
ղһͻ롣
룬Ǵط߶εļ֮һﵽ磬ͿȫûκƵø뷨
ȻҪﵽֵزʹȻżߵҪ󣬲ҲзǳҪ
ڵľ磬ǿһƻǿԵģһƷǰɱ֡
һɵ룬ֱӴɱֵؿѨھתҪڣֻһ¾ͽסж
ãô
ܣûеҵѨλΪҾǱѨһ㣿
һŵڵϵɫʱһòҪһӣȴôҲ޷˶ƺ峹׵ʧȥ˿ơ
ղȻûӴ˵ӣһɵ룬ȴǸմ˵ؿڣʮ΢˾Ȼû
ʱصһҲ˽սžͿǰ⸱Ѿ˵ϣɱ־վǰ
ɱǸӣƺҪֳ׵ɱ˹˲һţֱӷ˵ؿڣʱ߷˳ȥ

һպʱѾһķߣֱ߷ˡ
һĻҲֻεһЦˡ
ϾҲΪ˱ʵ̫ˣ˼Ҳ˲ÿֻ̫࣬ȰѾ
һߣȴý⿪ؿڵһֻ͵˿ѪһЦӵ
ղֻǷסѪΪʮ΢ԭɵҲ鸡̲ԲŻᱻһžɢˡ
´ΣҴᣬһȡ
ָɵȴǲڼϾͻԽԽ࣬ȥĺпܾˡ
ɱϧԼСֻҪԼţĻȥϮԷһԷ̻̲գ־ϵĥʹġ
һָжɣһ˴漴ʧããҹɫС
׷СȦף
ȥ׷æֹ
ʵղѾסˣȫܶǱһؿڣָж
ǲ˼Ҹղ̫ļûע⵽һˣǸ
һ㶣ҲӦ˹ʱһ죬һĵǸ
ˣҲǷңôǣҩֻҪˮһ¾ͻ
˰֣ӵɻ˴ϣ˴ͷİť
һĹ򣬾лʿ߽˲󣬶ʱŲһͣɻĿż˵ôˣ﷢ʲô£
ûʲô£ղϮңѾˡؿڵѿˣ鷳ʿС´һ˿ڣһɴлл
ֹסҪڵľˣЩûҪǣ˼ҽԺĻʿֻ˼Ұæһɴѡ
ѹʿ֪ͱɱָˣжʱһΣ벻ĸ˱Ŀ꣬ȻĿ걻˰
·ֹ⣬ڲվһıϣעеĴ
˵飬ڲǾǲҲֻա
֪˼ǺģҲ˼˼ҳȥ
һҹ޻ڶʫϰ࣬˵飬ҽӶã·һƵܽĲ
ô£ôʿ˵ҹϮ㣿
û£ǸɱѾˣҪȣͽƷˣ˵Ҳͦģ֪ҵĶ֣潻֡
΢΢һЦʫϷģôš
Щ˵ʲôˣΪʲôôһֱ㲻ţ
ʫϺܵģûץЩˣգ
֪һɱּˣǴɱҵһһʱ֪˭ģκ֮ҾͻֲЩ˵䡣
ҡҡͷʾԼҲǺ
Ҫô죿
ʫ̾˿ҴҴǡ
ô죬Ȼˣ飬˺˵
һЦʫϵ֣۽Χϸ΢ĶƿԿóȥҲһҹû˯ȷͦġ
ҲֻˣʱҪǿЩ˳롣
ʫҲûа취ֻǸصҽͨһûûʵʵǰﲻʲôæֻܰչˡ
ȥ㲹ӣźúϢҪҶ˿ѿˣ»ָ鷳ˡ
İɣҵ㻹Щ˿ڶʲô⡣
һЦôһ˵ʫҲ岻ͬڳˣָٶʮ־ˡ
ָ֪Ŀ죬ҲҪϢܱĴҶҪðɣ
һۣʫһĿ˴ӵŦۡ
ܴŮĶͻȻһ䣬ЦҽĴӵ˭Ƶģôôѿһ㶼͹ֱ˷ôõġ
ƷɾҪֵĵطҪ͹ʲôҽֲģء
ʫĿһۣû뵽ʱˣ˼Ц
ģҾһ㶼ÿʲôʱпˣһרõƷɣ
ӣʫϵĴһҿЦ˵
ãã˵ҿ϶
ʫǺСһְ˱ͷת뿪˲
ʫ뿪úλ͵˲⣬ΪԵʣֱӱ濴صľ
˵½ˣ֪˭
˵Ҳ˽ͨˣֱ˷ǽ
Сӣ˶ðô͵ǣͷıϮδθ⸱ӣǶ˰
½һλ߽˲һ𱸡
ٺ٣½ǰҲ밡˼ҵģҿǸؼĺù񰡣ɲܸĨڰ
΢΢һЦλߣ֪λǣ
һЩ£ҶѾ㱨ȥڶܸȤϾصؿġ
½ЦһŵӣԷ
һĻ۽Ƕʱ΢һ鴤½ʲôݣҪԷ̵ˣôһˣ
ֻ֮ǿ΢Ц½ʱĵ˵ͷ漴ӻͳһ֤
øʿ֮˶ʱһһ񣬽ž뿪˲
Ƕоˣ֣Ҳʮ㹵ͨһ£ԸԸΪִһЩ񡣡
ЦеĿƺ˵Ļֻһ΢С°ˡ
ˣ˵飬Ƕ֪һҲ֪˭ɵģֻҪԸǣЩ鷳ͳͳ
ϣ㾿ʲôˣ
ߣһɻ󣬱Ͼ߿˵ĻľһΪӴ
ֻҪӦǣ˵һּңǻеļҲܶһë
΢΢һЦƺĵЩУ߹һ㣬һ
ϣ㲻һܵѰĵİɣ
΢΢һ㶣˵ֻˣǱȨ죬񾭴ҲȻΪԵֵм֣


104 Ů
ô˵أôܴѰģ
½һָһ䡣
ûϵ֪˭ȻдʣңҲЩġ
ϵû˿˼˰ֹ½
ڻ͸¶ǵݣֻܸ㣬̸Ѿͨ˻߲ľ飬Ǿվڻ˵һСˡ
ϣȻѾôˣʲôҪҰæأֻһ㹦˰ˣһˣǺܷʱɣ
ɲͷ࣬һ壬ųѪҪȥ
ǵʵȻǳǿϴĵЩǲȥϾЩ̸ڣ˽ǣ֮㣬ʹҲΪѡ
̾˿ҡҡͷ
ʱҪһЩ鷳Ҳֻܰȥţ𼫴ķǵҲܲ
ǷӦ˹ԭ밵һ˲֮Ķ飬רŸһЩع飬аơ
ǣΪʲôңĸֲкܶ𣿡
ΪΣҲϣܺʣǴӼǱЩҪס
Ҳ֪ܽ뱣ŵˣһ㱳ҲǺܴǲûоԵİտŵùǡ
Цſ½һۣ˵Եɡ
Ǿȷŵùң
һЦ
ǼȻˣȻȷſŵù㣬ô˷ʱһأ
ϹһЦĴȵ
ҵÿһʱ䣬ϾʹӦǡ
˼һֻǣϾԼҲǺʣʺǣ顣
ûϵ֪¹ش󣬲ô׾ģֻϣ㾡쿼ֱ֮ϵͿˡ
ĵ˵ͷûָܵӦܵõظѾˡ
úϢǾͲˣϵ
ãߣ½ǰҲߡ
úϢָ
ϵ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ򲡷ȥ½֮ǰһССỤ۾΢΢һգ뿪ˡ
ǸСỤòҲ֪ʲôݣһЩڹķѧؼ֮Ķ
½ϣܾʵܹʤνĹU̷һʼ˼¾ҪҪ֡
Ȩ׵ʱʫ߽˲ﻹһĴ룬һŨʱƮ
ղ˭
룬ʫϲ˲ʵ
ҵһѣ˵ˣĳһҡ
һ۾
㰡ʲô
˲βݼһЩҩģ԰õĵѪ
ʫ΢΢һЦֹҪĶ
ؿˣɡ
ֻðڴͷʫһһڵιźȣÿһʫ϶С촵ˣ֮Żιȡ
Ҳѵõִһϲ˻кôģҪؿûˣǾ޷ܴܵŮιĴ
˺ʱŮҲ˽ϵĿҲȥˣȹΡ
֪ҹȻһɱֵϮŮʱһģû뵽濴أȻɱֳ롣
Ժҿܻ뿪һʱ䣬ЩҪȥһ£ǲҪ̫ңûʲôµġ
Ů˵
뿪һʱ䣬ȥ
ҶϦæʵ
ʱһҲ̫ܲԶЩԼҲ
ҡҡͷ
Ҫȥ𣿡
㵣ĵס֡
ţҪȥҪ׵ĽЩ鷳û̫ѡ񡣡
֣οһЦ
ǰʦĻûú书ȻھͿ԰æˡ
ҶϦͻȻյ˵һ䡣
ûϵѽϦôߣŬҲü
΢΢һЦҶϦ
ڼ˵Żʱ򣬲ֿˣ߽һλŮ죬ϣ硣
Ůͬʱͷһֿۣ͸ζĸоʱεһЦ
٣ôˣ
αǹ¼һЩҪ
ϣ߽һ¹ӡ
ˣȳȥɣ¼
εʼ磬ߵļŮ˵ŮҲֻ뿪֮ʱ˵˾仰
ˣϣܹһЩ꣬ðʱϢ̫ˡ
İɣռܶʱġ
ϣޱĵ˵ͷŮճ߳䣬ϣͶݺݵĵһ
Сӣû뵽Ůô࣬ղЩŮѣ
ϣ磬㿴⻰˵ģôͻȻһζ
һЦ
ղɲôҵİǺô
ϣժñӣİһۡ
һ¹ӣŵ˼С֪ͨͨôźá
һСµӡ
С࣬ǸɱôûһǹС࣬澿װʲô
ϣһûôúŪ
װĶѽȻϴôһˣҾܵҽԺ
Ͱ͵Ŀϣ磬ϾͲдؿɼˡ
ϣ籾ĲȻôŮôһ˵ʱһӵȫˡ
ո֪˵飬ĺõģֱӾʹӵλ˳һ·Ķϰµģһ㶼ֱû£ҲǷ
Ҳ֪ԼôˣͻȻеƲԼ
ĶͷϣͻȻĵ˵
΢΢һ㶣ǰŮһԹӣͻȻ˹ͻȻһЦϣ֣˴ߡ
֪Ϊʲôѽĳ˵ţѾһ϶ˣټӰѾǸ˾ͿԼȥˡ
΢΢һЦ˵
ᣡʲôȥ˭˭Ҳģ
ϣɫһ죬ʱ
ϣӣʱ۾һתӾ￴Щĳ棬һʱƺһ취⡣
뵽ǹһ˿аЦһϣ磬ʱ˶ԼĻһգѾסĺ촽
һķʽǣмӺŷſϣ磬ϣ磬һЦִȥѵˮ˼¡
ôô𣿡
ռ˱˻ԣ̾˼
Ҫûڲأ
ϣҲסˣʱᴸһĴȣղͻȻסֲΪ֪ؿˣ±˿ڣû뵽˳ǡ
ûϵûˡ
ŤͷĴ˿
Ͳ¸ղŵǼŮʱǳԴô죿
һۣϣ粻ĺߵ
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˼һǻƻŮأʲôжѾˣһпѡĻᣡ
Ҫ췹ˣȻҵ˵͸˼ˣǿˣ
ааһЦְϣ˻׼һһϣûзԹԵһͨ


105 ٷ
ӦңԺٳˣָоܣ඼ҪӺһҿɲһָо
ϣ籧һθܵһ˵ĸоԭĽźܡ
İɣҴӦ㣬Ժ󲻻Լˡ
ͷһǣ֣ص˵
𣿡
ϣ̧ͷĿһ⻪ת
ȻɷһԼȳ׷
صĵ˵ͷϣ΢΢˿̧ͷĴһǣ񴥵һ
ˣҪȥϰˣú˰ɣ
𰡣ôͻȥˣ˵˵ǻûô
ߣʲô⣬ռ˼ұˣҲ֪뷨
ϣһñӡ
ôŮ㣬Ҳһˣܰɣټ
ϣĶӵӰĵһЦ
ʱֽӵҦ˵ĵ绰Է֪˺æ˸绰꺮ůһҪˡ
ΪǵĵӰѾﱸĲˣ׼㣬ɲڹϵӡ
죬ԹԵĴҽԺˣÿʫ϶ȣһһŮӹú
ӵͽˣΪʫϸ壬ؿڵѾȫˣڲ˶Ѿ޸
ĽһҲͨ˸߳ܶ࣬һָ궼Զ˵ģʫеֵǻĺɶָ˵屶֮ࡣ
ߵĺɶָȻûһʫҲһ档
Щ鶼ʫ˽ļ飬ûб棬ȫˣɲ͸¶Ϣñռ
ΣͿԳԺ˰ɣ
һЦʵ
ţָһжͨҪǿ࣬ԳԺˡ
ʫϵ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
ڶ˵ŻĿյŮ˽ѾԼ·ʱĿһۡ
ôܽ㣬ѾԳԺ𣿡
ҶϦŵǰؿһ
ǰղһеָ궼ˣͨ˻Ҫ߳ܶأȫָ˽״̬
ʫչһЦ˵
Ҽؿڵ˺ذôõô죿ҿ
ҶϦǲţҪǿؿڿŤĹвСĹεдʱһУƨ
ע⵽ı仯֧Сʵ̫ˣʱһЦҶϦ˿
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һЦ۾һСҶϦ˳߿˹ȥҲ쳣ʱһ
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ᣡôûôõ飿
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ȻѾһʱûˣٴоȻ⣬УһҪľǵָλɮ
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õشжʱһϧʦҲѰĻԵûκǣҵľ뿪¡
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ţ˵ʦȥˣЩһ涼װҸԵҲֻһ֮Եˡ
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ѵһ£һݰݷ棬ĳ顣
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վŮ˵
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΢΢һЦĿ˷һۣͷ뿪¡
֣һŷˣȻͷԵҿǸʦҲϺͿˣֹǵĺô䵽˰ͷϣ
ҶϦƵվ˵
꣡ҪϹ˵
סҶϦֵͣĿһۡ
ҶϦʱķ˸ۣﰵŷأôȥ
ֱӻؼңȥҸطԷ
ϳʱʵ
ţֱȥˮӣĽѾ׼з͵ǹȥˡ
ҶϦЦе˵
Ľô緹ҹȥ
ֵĿһҶϦ
ҸĽ˵飬ĽǺأ㲻ΪƽҲΪĵԭ͵Ϯˡ
ҶϦŤͷ˵
Ľص׼зҽǰҲ˹ûأҲ㡣
ų˺ܿ͵ɽ£һĹ͵ˮſڣͬȻûһˡ
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ҶϦһЦͷ˽ȥ
ҲҡͷһЦΪӭصô֣صЪҵһ죬Щ˼
һţͷҶϦڵϣŵһԹȥСãϽǰǸСԭվſӭ͵Ůӡ
ô£ô赹أ


106 Ŀת
һȦˮ﷢ʮԵˣˮϰԱΨĽϹϡ
ĴһˮǰϷһɵղŽʱ򣬼˸ûע⵽
һݣ̷Ǳɵ
ʽϤϸֻɵĲʣѾϳˣǸɱֹõޱɵ
Ȼѵ鷳
âһһĶˣɱֶԸȻֱѣȶҲһ顣
Ȼɱֲ֪ĽǺֵģһǸո˴һǾò˶ûʲôս
ǰҹϮҵǸɱ֣֪ԸңĿѾתߵˡ
ɫѿָһ󣬾ȻļжǱɵ
ô죬Ҫξǣһɱǵвô죿
㼱еʵ
𼱣취û뵽ɱֶԸңȻĿתƵϡ
ЩӦͿǵģǰǴкĻĽ֣Ӧûôױֵģοڻϡ
һҪһԼؼʱ̿԰ţ޷վԼһߵ
Ժͷת뵽λϣҲʱˣ㹻Լߵˡ
Ҳ취ȾĽ㣬ϹŸոջָɲʱ°
ҶϦҲ˵
İô꣬ڵȬһ죬û뵽ûϼӣͻʡ
ȻϵĲκõģΪ飬Ƿʲô飬ҲԼġ
ǿ϶ҪȵģɱּȻǣӦòҪɱˣֱɱ˾ͿˣҹƻҪҾͷ
һ˵
ţеǲɱǣӦòȡܲ취ҳĽǱλá

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仰ʱע⣬ʵлɵĶ񣬵һֱûȷ֤ݣ¼ȻѾҲֻô󵨵һˡ
ϦһҪע⣬ɱֲ·ƣҪ߾裬ȥһ˾ĽϢǻ֪ͨ
ϸһҶϦ书ߣҲֻܱŮˡ
õģȥɣԼ·ҲҪСġ
ҶϦ˵ͷŸճԺжֿʼˣʵ벻ͨ׸ʲôôĳԹȻҪزɡ
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ҿûʲôǴҲҪ̸ֿ
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ŮҲͬ飬ɱ־϶ҲһЩ˿ģνֻ֣©ǧҲһʧ
ߺԼ˰СʱɽŮӷɿĳɽȥˣŮһ߰˸̨ף͸ɽһ
ͨ˼ˣƻᾪ°ͣôһһɽûõĹŮ͵ˮӵſڡ
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˵Żʱ˹죬ǱҷһЩ˿
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ץĽ˵Ǹɱ֣һǸṦ֡
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ˮӵĺɽзһЩӡϵӡǺǳĽӡӡ֮ļ֮߰ⲻṦʲô
ظҶϦˣԹҲһЩ˽ġ
ôĻȷǸṦ֡
ҶϦһ˵
ô˵ĻɱֺпǴӺɽ뿪ģϾĽˣǰɽĻ׾ͻᱻ˿
һɱֿ϶ѾͼƻҪ˵͵Ϯ˰֮󣬵ڶȵˡ
˼һ۾ʱһ
Ȼôɱֺпܰɿˮѣ˲̽ĵκ˳ҲĽĵϸ֪ո˴Ƚ֡
ȻĻɱΪʲôԸأֻͨˣǸ׵֣
üͷһ壬ɻʵ
ǻ϶ϦһҪ֪ϦɲͨӣǸɱֲһаնԸϦԲŻĿתƵĽߡ
׼ȷİסɱֵȻֲ֣ôӵȻǼˣʱ˴Ľ㣬Ȼͱˡ
ɱĻôļ¼϶¼ɱֵģֻҪϸĹ۲һ¼˵ҳɱֵӡ
ҶϦ۾һʱ˵Ľ
뵽ˣղʱҾѾõ˵صӲ̣ʱеļƵ档
ǱϷһͳһӲ̣Ļ˻ε


107 Ϣ
ɽ֮ͺգɿӢʳȥˣнٶ˿ҶϦҪһЩ
žԿļҲûܱȵϡ
ڳӵļ޷ΧڣӿƵķ·ֽһ㡣
ܿ죬ͺһɲͣ˳ǰ
¥ϣ
򿪳ţſվһˡ
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õ˿϶Ĵ𸴣̿ٵ¥¥İ칫ҵڴ
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ЩŷŲˣ
Բ٣ǰжǳѸ٣ǹ֮󣬿϶˽Ӧǣȥ½أûסǡյСϢ˴ŷ͵ɳˡ
̽򵥵˵һ
ûϵϵˣǼȻң϶׼˺·ôױǶϵġ
˵ͷûй˼ϾֻǸᣬܺѪ֯ܵɱᲢۡ
ˣȥ⼸ַŮһҪã˶ʮСʱٱǡ
ùһֽɿд˼ַȻֽ
٣ַʲôˣ
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ɱ΢΢һЦָĨָĵ档
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οɱֱּ޳֮Ȼϸסָȵĸ˵ǹȫʢʱڣҲùܱϡ
һ̣벻κεİ취գӶ˵ĶԻǲ֮ǣֻΪϹѡ
Ǹ˵ĻӦʶԼļ壬Ҳľɱ֣֮ͻǷ޶ˡ
ˮﾲ˼ţʱз˺¶Ժزš
ͼַͨҳЩ֮ϵҲƽûע⵽Ǵ˿ܷһЩϸ΢ĹŶƽżİ
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һЦıԵЩ̶˵һַǱֱӹҶ˵绰


108 
ˮԲЩԱ֮ǰѾҶϦǶˣǻؼϢȥˣ֮Ҳ뿪ˮӡ
˼УŮڿһԼֻƺٵʲô绰˿ҶϦæӭȥ
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ţһϢˣղǸɱִ绰ˮȥˡ
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õģԣǸɱֲҵĶ֣ʲôС߾֮£Ҳлɳõġ
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ǣǱϾְҵɱְ˭֪ʲôĵ˿ֻɱˣʲôģصķʵ̫ˡ
ҲܵĵӣҲϣһȥǸɱ֡
û취ȥҲȥĽϣȥߴȥɱ̾ͻ˺Ʊ
εҡҡͷҲǱƵġ
ĵĸΣʲô飬ҲûиӦܱһȥúðɣ

УȻɱֲҴȥ϶а취ӣһˣֱӺĽ
ҡҡͷܾ顣
һȥĻĿֻңһĽֻ֣Ҫҽɱ֣һӭжˡ
ȫ֮ߣȻȥӦǸɱְɣ
㿪ʼе˷
ʲôȫ֮ߣʱӦǣǶİɣβ͵Ϯˣûô׵ֵģ˾Ȼߵ֣ұǵɫˣ
ˮâһ
Ůû⸱ģһʱЩزǼеǸʱʵȴŵĴְӣǵһο
˵ǲҲּҸɵ飿
ǣּӦѪ̴ŷɱ֣ɱҺּйϸ֮ǰѾɱһΣ϶һġ
ʮֿ϶˵
ϵץסȻ˵Ļʹ֮˭
˵أ
İɣȻа취ģʹֶܶβܶãҲһַɱ֣ҲԿס
ɭȻһЦŮüһ󷢺
ҪǱߴĸ֣ԶԶĸţǣɱ֪ܲİɣһʲô飬Ҳÿٵ֧Ԯ㡣
ҶϦ
˶಻һãҶԷɱ֣Ҳ˶࣬óľǻսˡ
ҡҡͷ
ʵڲеĻҽиүүɲӣԲʮ֮ȫΧҲѷɣ
Ĺĵ˵
ģǲûʲôôһɱƣֱɱĽô죿ǿȥ˵ģȥΧǸɱֵġ
صıοһ
İɣѾ׼һץסǸɱ֣Ľǰȫġ
һȥĻҲԣװһҲкôģҴ绰͹
ͻȻʲôæһ绰͹һʽķ£ǾӳܣǶľ
ڻԶûеǹĳ̶ȣȻӦ쳣ϷµĻжиĿռˡ
һЩСǹеϷºӲӵҲǲܵġ
ʱ仺ţһξ͵˺ɱԼʱˣ͵˼ңŮİ£ϸĽ´ãһ·
ȥˣǾڼҵĺϢɣ
Ů¶һʮ΢Ц

תʱֽסʱعͷɻĿ㡣
ҪСİһҪȫ
еĶһ䣬һǡ
΢΢һ㶣漴ͻȻתͷҶϦЦ˵㶼һˣ㲻һ𣿡
ղұߵգְߵմȥ
ϵҶϦβûиǰһЦһǣһҪȫ
أأ
ЦеĿһԵء
ᣬҵľţʱף
һЦƲסĵ֮⣬û˵ʱġ
һ
Ůһۣ漴һѾʧڣٶ֮죬ֻҶϦǴӴȥģû߿Ĵš
漴洫һ̶̥Ħͺմɿʻ˻Է
书ʲôʱôˣ
ʶ书ŮЩˡ
ҶϦ˵ǰȫ书ģھȻˡ
֪ѵǴ˵еţ
ͻȻûͷûԵ˵һ䡣
һأ
ҶϦһЦŮɳϡ
Ҳû취ˣֻŰˣ
Сʱ֮˺ߣɱָλá
˳˺ߵһСͤ˵ϣɱֵĵ
עںߵĶϣûע⵽Զһ˫۾ֵĶ
Զĺһ˴̨ϣĿźߵҹ俴һ˺ߡ
ҹ˭û¸ܵû뵽һ³ľȻ
ȻľȽԶǼһ书ɲͣ۾ޱȣһӾϳΡ
϶ʲô飬ûȥǾôĿţֹȥʮӣһϹܼߵ̨ϡ
С㣬ˣǻϢɣ
壬ٵһûµģȥϢɡ
عͷ˵
ǺãϷСעӡ
˵ͷ֪ԼС书Ҳûʲôĵģת뿪̨
ûԶ˿Ҳû˼ȥ۲챻ĵطԺȫǴôĽ򸾵뷨
ʱѾɱԼʱ䣬ȴûг֣Χķ紵ݶĸӦ֮£ûв˽ӽ
һɵɵͤһģѾԽ̨£׼ȥʱͻȻһطɨ˹ȥ
ʮٵķ˹ȥ󷽵ˣﻹ廨ˡ
ԭƮɵΣͻȻһ׹ٶ֮ͷ·˲ʧȥټһ㣬ûκ˵ע⡣
˶һ˹Ȼ̾Ͳˣһ̳ͤ
Ȼˣ
ǰһ̧֣һֹĶ󷽸ŵʮͣ˽Ų
ѾˣǷ˰ɣ
վԭأ侲ĿŶһȺ˵
ٺ٣벻㻹ǸˣȻΪһֻᣬ治֪ǸӢ£ǸóЦİ׳գ
ɱֹһЦĶ
ôҶûϵѾ˵һ˹ˣǲӦȰ˷˵
νһЦָָ󷽵Ľˡ


109 òԩ
û⣬ֻĹ߰ˣҲûɱǣϾҵĿꡣ
ɱɵĻ˻֣󷽵̽⿪ˣóһƿҩ˵ı·һᣬ̿˹
ߣҪǣ
ѹ̳֮󺰵
СֵܣȻû뵽Ȼ㣬ĳǲСֵվ
Ҳ˹һվڶ棬ʱˬʵһЦСֵܣľ֮ĳмֻ±ٱˣ㻹߰ɣҪߣЩסģ
֣Ľ㣬ǲ˵ˣҺ֮ĶԹýգ뿪ɣ͵
΢΢һЦͳ˳Կ׶ˡ
ٺ٣죬û뿪ˡ
ɱְķɵȤĴŵ
˭ܻ뿪ԺȻ
ߵ͵һ𣬽µɳ̲̳һԲȦеɳӶŵԲȦ֮⡣
֣ɱ㣬⽫ɱĵһ̱һµĸ߶ȣ
ɱ۾һʱ̾һ䣬Ȼһһ㡣
Ľ㣬ǿ߰ɣҪһҪչǡ
ߴһ䡣
ĺϻһۣȻǺˣǿֻ׸
ãǾȻȥ㿭
ϵǸˣǹϣȨ̷֮ȥһĹ˷ٵ뿪ˡ
Ҳ߰ɣǰﲻæ
ɱҲú󷽵ȫ뿪Щͨ˰ˣԸĸ֣ˣҲ·һס
ɣҿ㾿жܹʧܣ
ţ֮ǰܸܲң˭Ҫɱң
ֹסɱ֡
Բй棬ǲܸģˣ
ɱһЦһӣʱ׹
ȻѾ˷£ɲҴ⣬ϴҽԺｻֵʱ֪ɱֵΪֽˣӶĶ֣ҲС
һȣ˫һȦеֱͨģһɫŶʱ֮䡣
漴ŵɫһã˲ͻһС֮䲻ͣζȻСЩģ壬Ҳ֮
ֻڵϲųֹû棬ȴʵչǰ˿⸱Σ֪᲻ֱӾ
½µUص书һŴ߶ǿѧʮ־ˣԶѾġ
ûС˵Уؤѧʮƣ
ȻƷʵϲؤС˵УʮѾؤӡһ߹ʩչ˴ϱ
ǰϾĶ֣ѧϰԶˣ˾ƷܿȫоҪ
˵ʱʱ죬ʩչʮƽֻ˲Ϣ֮Ĺһƣŷɵȥ
ɫͷŰ׹ķɵ;ʱһǿɳӱըĽ
ʮƣ
ɱֵ۾ʱһЩȣЩŵӣеĴ߶ľѧûгʩչƷ
ǽʮƣ
˵ͷʵľ飬һľʺϵĹʹãûôѡʹõϵõѧ
Ҫԭ򣬻ǲ˴Ͽ̫쳣Ͼ۹˿ǲ٣һЩ˶ˣһѵ鷳
Ȼǿʵ˵Һ̫ԶˣôʱżûţȻӢ۳꣡
Ҳֻǵɱ֣̫ϧˣľɱ⣬עĵ·Խ
˵úãٽһУ
ɱһЦڰһٵתʱ׹תмٷɳ
ʱ䣬ķɵǵذ
Ǻɱֶ˲䣬Ҳˣһת˫ֶԺ֮͵һţһ˶˲֡
ͻȻʮС͵Χܣͬת
Ȼ޷ýţھ磬ʱڻܴﵽǽ书ȴǿԿﵽŵЧ
һܼĶķɵײ֮ܵϣһ죬ķɵĻĴҷɡ
ȿ߶ʮƵ˵ɱֵĹǳһЩ˽˲һӣɱתξѾ䵽˵ϡ
ʱ˫ٶһϣߵʮʱһٴٶȾۼĵλãΪһһ׶೤ɱ־ͼ
ã
аһɱ֪ղŵɢľѧΪϺʹá
û뵽һãԶƴ֮¾Ȼ֧صͬʱҲץס
ӿл£ɱָ޴ɱܣҲûжȥʩչ֮ĸ߽Ṧֻǿۼһ˫ֽ浲ǰ
ɫûκֱӻɱ֣Ȼһը󣬽ɱֱӻɵʮ׿⡣
ӿʼֵɱ֣һֱվԭûܵɳ̲ͱǿĴɣ¶߰׿ĺɫء
һߣѾգۼվ˵صɱǰ
ʱɱѾѪ죬޴˿Ѿ˰ɫĹǲ磬⻹û̫ɱһغˡ
ȣȣ
ã㼼һòԹ
ðһѪĭɱŬ֧壬ǰվ﷢һģЦ
ɱֱ˵Ѫĭ֪ղŵһѾ׵ĻɱֵอȻ濴ûʲôˣʵڸѾȫƻˡ
ˣܷң˭ҪɱңҲ˶ˣɱֽĹأҲûʲôϵˡ
ƽĿɱֵ
٣ٺ٣Ҫ˵ﲻǲµ˭𣿡
ɱֿѪ˺ϵĺڲ¶һͨӡ
֪ѾڼˣͲµˣֻҪ˵һ飬㳹׵ȷϰˡ
ԭǣŲңȻᷢʹ߿顣
һ֤ʵĵ뷨в˿֪Ļʹֻ˭Ͳ뱻ĵزˡ
ķɵϧھҪʧˡ
ٺ٣Ҳǲʶܲܰһ΢С£
ɱ͵ĿȳһѪĶ
ûдôĿɱֱ֣ɱֵĴϢԽԽ֮ʱĲŵ˵ͷ
˵˵ɡ
ɱ¶һ˿΢ЦӻﻺͳһѪ߰ߵƬ
ãϻһЩȫ͸ˣɵؼϣܴãɵؼȻҲǿԵģֻǲʧ
ü΢΢һĶƬһʱƬԼģȥѪ˵Ƭϵˣʱ˫۾ȵĵɴˡ
Ʊ


110 
Ļɱֶʱһ㶣ɻĿһƺȻһ۾ϳƬеˡ
ʶã
ȻƬеСŮʮӣҺȷƱΪҪõ֮һ
ĵ˵ͷ˿Ƭֿ˿ɱ֡
ԭĴŵˣѹʹһֺ÷ɵȻıΪʲôѡɱ֣
ߣҲǱƵģܾǰҾʹӼܳˣʱ򱴱ŸոճܶȥҹѾǰϼһﳹϴˡ
ȱˣٴȥҹǱϼңҳֵ͵͵˼ǴΣұŵ׷ɱи£ͽˡ
ȥ£ɱԵЩʱֿȳ˼Ѫĭ
Ƽҵ飬Ҳ̫࣬ȻƱҿԴӦ㣬ؼ
һеƬ˵ͷ
ҲǣҲ뱴͵Щ鵱УϾЩϼһﲢûڱ飬ˣֻҪúõĻȥһжˡ
ɱִӿڴͳһСӣĵݸ
еıչƾ֤ȥｫȡ
ܺ㽻֣ҺܸˣҲһ䣬ܱǹҪöˡ
ҪౣأҪԸ˺ܶ࣬ܶ࡭
޽ɱ˵Щ϶仰˵꣬Ѿ׵ĶϵϢ
еƬһ֮󣬲Ż
ͳ绰һ룬һ֮һȺ˸ϵ˺̲
٣ˡ
ţ˰ɣû뵽Ȼһѵĸ磬֮£Ǻɲ׽ˣ
̾˿ָָɳ̲Ѿȥɱֱ֣Ҳ֪ɱֵ֡
һСܣܿʰɳ̲ϵĺۼһĹһ˶뿪ˡ
ֱʱ򣬶ڲԶļŻ¶Ӱųȥĵƹ⣬¶һ˿׽ζ
ͷ飬ص˼УſڼͺգĽҲ˼
ȥһȻһȦ˶ڿ
Ҷʱȫվ
Ҿ֪һеģ
ҶϦһֱ˽Ļ
ҶϦһӣ΢΢һЦһͦСӣ˵İɣѾ׵ˣûʲô󰭡
Ƕлˣû뵽վϣǾ鷳һΣǲ˼
ʮֱǸ˵
Ľ㣬õǸңΪңҲᱻɱֶϣ⸣У֮ڽԴϲ
˰֣ҶϦɳϡ
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æʵҶ꣬ȫУУȫָǰΪҲҪһʱ䡣
һСʤһУˡ
΢΢һЦ
ãӮĺã
һ´ȣ˵ؽе
ȻѾˣҲһ֮ķ򸾾͸ˣϾҲһ죬һ۵ùǺ
һȥ
ߵʱĻһ䣬õ˿϶Ĵ𸴺ǲ뿪˱
ҵɱֱʹûУ
ȵķˣ˻ص˿ʵ
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İɣԸǻûʲôģֻǼڲ飬÷ȥһĸ档
ҶϦ㷢ȻһЦ
ڲѵǣ
΢΢һ㶣ŵסС죬Ŀ
ǵģڲ£û뵽үүĻѾȥܼ飬˲ϷŹңȻ˵ҲҪȥһˡ
Ĳ豭ζ˵
˵ּǵʲͲ˰ɣܲȥͲҪȥ˰ɣ
ס֣ϣķϾˣֳʲôҲ̫ÿ
㣬ұҲȥģⶼǱҵģڻɸĸȥҲйϵ𣬾ԼˣҲ׷Źģ
кһ͵ըеıӡ

У˽ȥһˣϾѧУʱΪסԺ飬úõ˽һ
֪ѹŮҲûж˵ʲôĬĬùһ鲼ʰ˵ϵĲ
Ķͱ˻ҪײУЩ˶ȫ֮飬׵ĸԷǸֵġ
һ֮УȨƸλЩ׽˷Ŀɳ𣬴ӹΪЩᣬüİǱȱȽǡ
ڴô죿
ʰ֮ʵ
ʱȲȥǣһ˺úõĲһǵĵף⿴﾿ʲôֵǷҪŪҲɣ
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ţŮȻûʲôϾڲ飬ûʲô廰ء
Ҷһ죬һ֮ҲͶȥϢˡ
ϴ֮󣬸׼״ֻ̬ͽӵƵĵ绰仰˵ִ·󿪳뿪˱
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ϴʱ򣬾ͷƼõָߵʱ˳ͰԼָ趨һ£Ҫ˼ô鷳
ЬֱӽƵķ䣬ִʱû˯Ǵ˯£ڴͷ顣
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ǿ˵׼һԸңҿмܲס
úõģ˼ҸҪԸ㣿
ǲŮ𣿡
˭ģֻѹϵҪ۹ϵܣǿɶȲ㰡
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ɫ΢죬ߵ
֤һκͱͬ˯ɾ׸С㣬˵аѻס
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û˵㣬úõķʲôģһӦô죿
ҿɲ£Ϊ˵Ķ滰
һӰбӣһЦѵϵ·һ¾˱


111 ݲؽ
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Ȼ˯ѵǽҹ仰Ȼʹһȥ˯ô
޹ĵɴ˫ۡ
԰Ҿ뿴û£֪û¾ͷˣǻȥ˯ɣ
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ðɣһȥ˯ˡ
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ᣬͻ۸ң
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УߵҵȻҪĻˣȻһҷô죿
һЦһ޹ӡ
㣡
ٺһЦתɻ˴ϣһ§˻
ϴ㣬˯ĺأ˶֪ɣ
ţ֪ΪʲôߣҾͺܰģ·ûʲô˺ң˶᳹׵ķ
Ӧһĵ˵
ԳΪһİҲһůƵ㷢˵ӣ΢΢һĺ촽һǡ
ԭֻһ£û뵽ƻӦ飬Ȼ׷ĴĲţ˶ʱһţ˱
Ż˵ӵڵĻ·˲䱻ȼˣһԭʼĳ嶯ʧȥ˿ƣ͵̽˿֯˯ڣʼ
һʱ䣬ش컷⡣
δһ죬Ŵ̫ڵĴҲԶһ峿ʱսҡ
ҵıӣͷѾɵ˴βϻźΣؿϳ˯š
ܵҫ˫ۣڳϢоǰδе΢΢Ťһͷڻ˵Ķͷһǣ·
ƸǺ˱ӣϴ֮󵽳һٷʢͣһ̻ص˷䡣
ʳ˳˯еˣСһᣬһ˫ۣ̾ͿЦݵſڴߣֱĶ
ߵһߣһҹ񣬶ʱߵİͷ˱Ƶ˵ᣬȥҪ·ˡ
һЦͷ˱ӣǹһ˿Цǰһҧȥ
ͻϮ̾һˣһֱ˴Ľ䡣
ߣҿҲˣҲױˣ·ɡ
ᣬ˵
ƶڱϳѱӾĸˣӵʱ򣬴һʺʱ¶˳
ףʲôôˣ
װĽһȥĨʺ죬͵ĴӱͷһſĨʺ֮ϡ
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һЦٶŪ߲ѵƣùɢһ·ʼһʱȻһ֡
Ūʮӵʱ䣬ǰ·˸߰˰ˣ۵һͷҲһĽѡ
Ⱥȵţ̡
˹ȥһƬ˾պ˵㷬ѽҧһڣְѼ嵰һĶƳһ㡣
ƴʱҸСŮһ㣬Ϲ΢ĹػһټͣǳԳҸζ
컹Ҫȥ˾𣿡
һţ̣ƳʣĶһɨ⡣
Ȼˣÿ춼Ҫȥ˾öأҿǸǳڷϽܲã
ƽСԴһڴĿ
֪Ŭˣ
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ҡҡͷһŮǿˣȻİ˵չˣʲô¶Ҫ˵ġ
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֪ԣҲû˵ʲôЦĴһǣ뿪ˣһ֮ſھʹ˹ŵ
Ƹ´Ȳһֱ͸ܵȼһ˺ѵʹȻüͷ壬ȴƲסϲ
ͷһ۴мµĨ̺죬۵һЦת߽ñ䣬ʼ˽·
ֱӿص˻Էһţ𴲵ҶϦ˾ͣ΢΢һЦ磡
ҶϦӹͣ׼ͷŵϣͻȻ͵ֻعͷһᣬƺŵʲôζ
üͷһ壬еͣ漴̧ͷţհѱӴյϡ
ԣϵζԾ͵ζĲʮǧŮϵζ
˲̽ҶϦһ飬ڨڨһЦ
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˸۾Ĵһͨһ̵ܽҡ
ҪݲؽĽడ
ҶϦɵĴż°ͣķһ˼
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쳹ҹδ顣
ҶϦͻȻ˵
ǰôˣֲСӣԼҵط˯ġ
ԣĿҶϦһۡ
ûɵڣ
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æֽ˲죬㲻ĵһҶϦ
ղŰͻǲ£ŵʲôζ
ҶϦصŮʵ
񾭣͵ζ£ʲôζⶹͦģģ
ҲҶϦһۣԹԵĺ˶
ѽԴֻгԳԳԵĴ
ҶϦһӣĿֻȶĴŮˡ
ζŵζҵıǾԲģ
⻰Ůʱȵ̧ͷ
ң
ҶϦĻû˵꣬صĶһ֮󣬲ż˵
һϸķֱһ£ˮζ·ϣǴӰϴģ֪ζʲô𣿣
ŮĿҶϦͷҡø˹Ƶá
Ƿˣ
ҶϦȫܣô͸ֻԵĴŮסһ𣬲̧ͷ
˵մˮζʱûд·Ȼûд·
ûд·ʱȴմζŵζǻ뵽ʲô𣿣
˵ܺͱŮ˯һ𣿡
СС˵ԼĲ룬תͷĿ
ңֻǸϦĻƶϳġ
˻ȥͷ˶
Bingoˣ
ҶϦ˸ָƲ⡣
СӣȻݲؽ


112 ӿ
Ȼ㲻ϣҶϦôһ˵ĺпܡ
ﲻ֪ΪʲôͻȻоЩյģԼҲúܲ˼飬֮ûʲôΪʲô˵ŮˣȻôܣ
ҶϦһʼ׼ѵĹĵһ֮ͻȻûκɣȫûȥָʱҲЩˡ
ΨһһѵľˣƽĺŶ۾Ů֮صתƺʲô
Ůˣôʲô
ȶ΢΢һЦһӡ
ȻͦϲģǿûͰȷʲôϵƺûʲôȥָ˼Ұɣ˵ˣҲϴСˣиŮѲǺô
ǰʲôȥأ
㲻֪ΪΣε̾˿
ҾǾò
ҶϦžһӣһߵӡ
Ů֣ȴȥŮ˹ģ۾ڴôѵ˼˵һҰ㣿
ͻȻһЦǰϵǣ˺һŻ
һ˵ţֲţ㲻ϼһ˼ŮѣҲʲôҰ
㱻ҶϦĸҲЦ΢һ㡣
ǴҶסһٱȱ˵ĹϵҪ׽ɣˮ¥̨ȵµĵȻԶ
ҶϦ޲ðץһ٣ҲΪʲôôߡ
Ҫϲȥ˵㲻˵Ҳ֪㹴ָˡ
һЦֽǰĶ
ң˭ϲһľͷȫǸľԴҿŮĿ϶ҲشԵĻɫ
ҶϦһ˦ԴŮһס
ѿŮĶԻһҲһЦ֪ôԼˣŮǷǳкøеġ
ϾסһôãŮҲƯԸҲǳãûĸ˻᲻ģûõҪô졣
˵κһ磬ԵʵͻԵǿȨôѾվʵ۷壬˵Ļɣû˸˵֡
ʱŮչʣҲǲܵ顣
ڣʵԶԶûԵĵزĿǰ˵ǾԲôģӦЩŮͻĳԲ
ֻôԼʵָһ̶ȣɲ԰ЩŮԼأ
ԼǲĿԹңһЩأ
һڴϻʱ򣬷ͻȻˡ
𣿡

һʱ˿òϦǸСħŮһ·߳˷䡣
ҳԹһˣԣϦأ
ûڿҶϦ
ѽĳˣȻŮ˶ʣܳȥϹ档
СڣЦеĿ˵
ȥѧУˣǳҲȥɣٵˡ
ӣڨڨһЦʱĶӣһʹһ淢
㿴Ǹӣ͵Աץ˸еĲè
һЦʵ
ԣ޽ǵķ˿һЦҡҡͷĪꡣ
ųԭҪȥѧУģ뵽ѧУҪŮʱֲȥˣ뷴Щ֪ʶҲѧòˣȥơ
Ͼŷ飬ʱǶһȽϺãܸ˼³ԸĨŵĲӡ
˾ϣʱһ·ڵת˳ͷֱӳĵ¥ȥ
Ʊļ壬ǰҲһ˽⣬֪ϼƹܵڶսڼ䡣
ʱսڻȼŷ½޴½ûвսõĻᣬ߲ܣ˭һսơ
žʱͻһʮҸ߼ҵȽΪҪչһٵ춨˼ǿʢĸ
˰ٶķչµľƷѾˮƽһЩָƷ
˵ϼѾ漰һĺĲ֣ƿһҵİ
ҲΪˣϼӵǿʢʵΪǲֻǸԣˣӵž߱ǿս˽װ
ȷڶͶʵļƻѾĵضһ¥Ϊǲʹá
ʱѾһɫְҵȹڶܲð칫һļ
еıʣ̫Ѩ׼ϢһʱǰĵͻȻһƵĴڣ˿ˣĸ滪
ָһȷĻԳһ˵òŨŨüëһͷ̷ûκκ룬һʮָɾĸо
滪ƹλ缶֮һϼ壬ԵĿҲûʲô̫رĵط
ƣô
Ů滪϶ʱųһ˿Цݡ
ͦõģ֣廹𣿡
΢΢һЦĻսһЩ
һжã㲻õģ㣬һ뿪嵽˻ģһҪౣС
İɣֲСˣ֪ôչԼġ
ˣкҪ飬߳ЩѾڲЩԱCIA߷ˣһɵѾڼǡ
꺮ů֮滪ɫһ֣ص˵
ôܣôôͲ
һæʵ
Ҳ˵֪µ˼٣ô©ģʵˣҲɲȥˡ
ڸô죿
ҪӿӴǱߵĸ߲㣬һȷˣϾͻתƺļʲѾ˾
滪˶Բߣ˵˳
ãһᰲȥġ
̵˵ͷ
СģעߵˣҲǵҲǱߣǾεˣҪ㽻¡
滪ĵֶһ
֪ˣ֣ǱҪСģԣһҪ뿪Ͼ֮ûҪŲš
ҲܵĸףϾ˻ᣬһʲô飬ûԶڴ˰İȫʵģҲʶһ㣬뾡֤İȫ
İɣְֿɲʳŲ̣Ҫ£ܵıӻ죡
滪ŵıȻһ£һЦŮĸ黹Ƿǳõġ
ٶȽһЩжƵӡ
Ƴĳ˿ָһ˼ĵĿƼѾᵱֵ棬ҲͲ˵иͿƼľٶ
ϼȻǸްԼĺңҪǿԿѻʯǿĹһǰκСģ嶼߹㲻һ
ϼҲܾԴУʹǿᣬҲԲܽ湰á
Щĵļ˿ƼǿͶκһҵĻŷ̫ܣ̫ǵѡ
УΪǵĸȻҲͳΨһѡ
ΪƲŻᱻŽפĵˣһ壬Ҳ׼ǨƵźš


113 ĵ
ȻģƵĴҲȫĻѾ˺üɱ֣·У˵ֵľܲӡ
ҰҲǲСܱ߷ĺܣЩ˼ûнӽƵĻᣬսķΧͻܵ
һԼҲ̫ģϾЩеֻҪҪ㱨˶ٲ֡
ͷۼ֮µʱϵĵ绰һ룬ԭġ
ιܣ¥̨˵һ㣬ûԤԼǲҪ
ɫһϲΪ鷢أû뵽ȻˣĪϬ֪һƣ
ɣ̨˵һԺֻҪֱˡ
ƹҶ˵绰漴ӰͳСӣһױݣûʲôطױˡ
ݺܿ죬ӲѾ߽˰칫ҡ
ڵܲð칫λڴ¥Ķ㣬涼͸شҰǷ羰ϼ֮ѡ
ۣ칫̫ˣ
ŵĸпһߵشţսǵһ
ôˣ첻ϿΣ
һЦߵ˫ֻͷļϡ
ʲôѽЩ綼ѧˣȥŷ̫ˣһ㶼ֻֻˡ
תһЦסƵѾԾĻǸ̵ķ֮ϡ
ᣬǰ칫ң
ƽߵһЦȴûֹ˼
ɶǣûбˡ
һͷǰһգѾס˵ĺ촽
Ҳ˲ʲôˣİ˾ǰֻ벻һеķԼ
ǵѷѽ֮ʱԺͻȻһ飬һ˳ż׵ֱܶ¡
ʲôֱһˣֱˤ˻͵ɳ棬Ǹոն㿪֮ʱһžѴ˹
شϳһСָĵףΧϸܵѺۣ沣ûѣǶ
Ʋûо飬ڹʱϮöΣһʱѾӳ˹ִ˸ָ
ɻĿһۣûüʣͷְ৵һеشɲǼĥɰ״˸ղŵ͸ʸС
ôѵɱֻûߣ
ĿŲϵǸСףĿ׵ĳߴ綼ķֺ漴ԺĹһΧĽ
ڱѧϰȵ֪ʶֻǼӵʱ䣬ѾƳ˵漴˾ѻڵλá
¥бû
ƻԼͷҲصʵ
Уôˣ
ͨıָǼľûڸ
ţҲеġ
ɽ㣬ȥ׷ˣ
оһתͷƷɿĳ˰칫ҡ
ʹҲȥϾͻ
һ˵꣬ƻظһֱӳ嵽¥ϡ
ûȥֱ¥ݡ
ӳҪ׷¥ٶȣӶˣֱ׹ٵһ¥пܡ
һӵʱ䣬ʹӽʮߵ¥µһ¥
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ԵУٶȻȲӵȴԱҪ죬Էһ춯Ѿ˿
˸¥ݵĹսǣһ㣬ɱֶʱʧȥӰ
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Ҷɻļӳ֣ɱǷͬСɣοǱɺϽɵӲң
һУɱ̾ͽһ˶ʧȥƽ⡣
ץסᣬϣһֵ˴˵Ĳϡ
û˿⣬ɱ̻˹ȥ
ɱֱ֣˳¥ݷɿϵ¥Ȼڶ¥̨ϷһõĺɫƤ䡣
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ͳֻơ
ƣĹһ£ץסһɱ֡
ʱƵѾվȳƵıڣ˶ͨļпţ·ͺͨûʲô
ǹȥһˣ˴
Ʊһߵַ漴ת뿪˷䡣
һ֮һ˷¥İ칫ҡ
Ҫ߽ƵʱվһԵڣϢļǰһƵǰ
ޱڣʱ΢΢һ㶡
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æ˵
С㣬Ƿİȫİ˻ǲҪŵĺá
һڵ˵۾һֱû뿪ϡ
ߣղǰѾʬˣʲô
ƶʱһߡ
֮ǰȷˣ칫ĻɱָֿĴģֱһǹˡ
ˣƣҲˣʱҲ̫ǡ
΢΢һЦһΣ˲ѾԽˣֱӵƵǰ
оһŵɫƺô򵥵Խǡ
һվŸʲôȥǸɱֵ·
ĺȳһ
̹ͷ첽뿪ˣǵҲ֪֮
ڼʶʵ֪ҲûʲôˣҪСĻһϣҲ˼ҵĶ֡
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˻ص˰칫ңƹеʵ
û£Ǹɱֹǹеר񶷲ҵĶ֣׵ľƷˡʱ·˺úһС
ЦҡҡͷܵĲ
ƲǺܺã涼ͨ͸شҪ۲λʵ̫ˣھѻ˵֮õ顣
ʱôΪ˲ɹ⣬ҲǵϮ⣬ЩѾȫƳɵķû뵽Ȼᱻɱһǹ
̾˿üͷҲһش
ɱõǹеҿˣǴھİطľѻǹǰ˵ľѻǹҲӦû沣ǣΪֻһСף
ߵ˴ǰɻǸӵĿ׶
ָϴĸо׶ıԵǳ⻬ûκθֵĸоͺӵ˲ڻ˲һ㣬ǽһ
ûӵԲģ
˼⣬鱾ϿȫǱۡ


114 칦
ôˣ
һ飬ƴǰҲϸһס
׺ܹ찡ͨӵµĵȫһԭһǵһμ
ָָף漴Ѹղŵɻ˵˳
ƺİָ˵ףתһȦֹȻ˵һģһƺڳһǱġ
üͷһͻȻʲôʵг𣿡

ʱɻĶƣ֪ʲô˼
ûָһСˣӵгͨ˵ľ⼼ܣ綫ԻΪģڼҹЩˡ
Ƶ˵ͷһ˵
ָǵ书Щ˰ɣ
ʵʵڵģֻǱȽٰˣҲһˣǵǧٹ֣ûжôͳһ
ЩǴһͿֱӼãȱûЧǿİ취ǰЩ֮Ϊ칦ܡ
Ȼŷ޼һˣһŲɵӡ
칦ܣǵӰֻˮǺӡ
˼һ˿һӰһЩӵˡ
࣬칦ǧٹ֣ʲô͵ĶУԶȶϵҪӣûͳһĽ׷ѡ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ô˵Ļûʲô֣
ǵô˵ȻûЩ֣Ǿ֪ǵУҲѭʽˣǽ֮ΪЩǿĸ֣ʵҲǷͬСɡ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷתǸԲĵס
ô˵Ļףпһֺ칦ɵģ
пܣΥĹɣ϶ЩմߣǵһЩһЩƽ顣
Ҳܿ϶ֻô²⡣
Ļ´˲ǳģĿꡣ
һͻȻ˵
Ϊʲôô˵
Ϊʱ⣬˲֪һȴӵ̵ķ˵˵飬֪Ĳԡ
ۺյϢܿͽһ顣
ܵʲôϮ𣿻֪ʲôҪ֣
ϮûУֵǾкܶˣ壬Ͼϼߵһ֪˶ٵˣЩ˶ͲǼأ
ƿЦһʵѾŲ³Ļʹʲôˣȴ˵ϼĵˣӦеѹ
Ļ¾ƾղǼˣԱİȫʱɣʲôҪ֡
һɢ޽ǣĵ˵
кܶ࣬ղŵֻһС֣ʵڲУһԶڹٷ̫ʦһЩɵӰеˡ
չһЦס˵˵
ʲôҪɱ㣬СסˣںʲôӰ첻ӰģЩ¡
ͷһǰĺ촽˵
ǺðɣҴ绰оֳֵæŲһ½ڶеĿȺ˵ҳʲô
С죬ͷһ¡
⣿
ǰǸץΣַ⡣
һЦҧס촽һ¡
ԭһǾͲò˼鷳ˣϽùٷϵͳȫŲ鶫ڵˣǴŷļһҪϲ顣
΢΢һЦ
ʱڰ칫Ų裬ϣеĿǰĻϵĹж̬ͼ
ǣһ㣡ã
ֵŴȣ׼һʱֻͻȻûĿһֻɫһ䣬ʱ˵绰
ãܣôпմ绰ˣ
ããû⣬Ͼȥ飬ЩҲ̫ˣȻڶΪҲ̫Ƿˣ
绰һ˲ӣЦݵĹҶ˵绰۾һǰĵĻʱƿڴһ
ԭ͸ղһͨ绰ѵᣬڼ۸Ѿʼصʧʧ
һӻ⵱ȻˣǿϼĻ֮һ̫ϯCEOҪ۵λ˼ҿɲ˲һǰ㡣
֪ͨˣᣡ
͵ϵĻһ̺źһ仰˵꣬첽߳˰칫ҡ
ϼĵͷϳ飬ҲкùӳԵģͷͽˣһҪúñƵİȫ
û뵽ǧ״δ绰ȻѾŰɱˣǻ˿֪飬оһֵĸ飿
һͨ󣬶дСľַ׷׳ҲʼƵĴ̽Ϣ
ϼʵǿǴ̽Ϣⷽ棬׻ǱȲȫƿضеĹٷֻһĹǱ߾ʹϢ
ڶ죬ڼƣ׼緹ʱ򣬽ӵĵ绰
ܣɳȥ̽ԱѾϢյ߱һСһȺŷһСԺ䣬мʮֿɡ
ã鷳ˡ
ƹҶ˵绰
һѾˣȻҵЩ˵䣬ȥһЩ֮ǰǸɱһͨľɶԸǡ
þȥɣǾͲҪȥˡ
ƣЩ˿ɲһ㾯ԶԸģҸȥǵжڼҵңܿҾͻ
һƵĶͷץ뿪ˣܿͿͺճСĴš
ߺûãҲһ绰
оѾҵǵ䣬ǶȥҪ¶١
о֣ƣĿϣҹĶҲʹ಻ϵСȫҲ˿
Щʵۺ񵽼ļ壬ɲһССľֳܹģȻƴ绰æȻǵþʮֵ
ֳؾǱǲѾˣԮܿ͵һô죿
ſڽһ죬㱨
ǣҵֳٶ֣ˣεжһҪܣ˲֮ˣϽй
˿ˮ±ӵ
ߣȥҪֳָӣ
ܹĵĲüƻ֮ʱѾȿǸС䣬ͷ˲Զﶼûʲôׯڡ
ȥŷ֣ﶼûʲôˣѾҪܶ˶Ѿˡ
һ·ûзŷ˵ӰͣһС͹ݵǰ³˽ȥһǽϵĲ˵űߵλϡ
ϰ壬һ棬Ӹɰ
˿ܴûͺĺмΧܣųһСָָ㡣
ܿˣļھͳ棬ζʵһ㣬ֻ˵ǰ˶ѡ
ʮǮ׼߳С͹ݣȴϰ
Ǯ
΢΢һұ̧˶ԣһѩذ׼ˣȻǰ


115 Ӱ
ûлͷ˭΢΢һ̣ŲһˣȻչһԲ͵ײ͵Ϯ֮˵ؿڡ
һײע֮û˿ıֱײɡ
ֱʱŻתӣŵһľͷеϰ塣
һĨӵϰƺǰһĻˣֱϰ嵹ɶˤӲŷӦ˹
һУϰһذףһֱӳ˹
ͷûתֱһƳϰеذףһƾؿڣĻ˹ȥ
ǵ˭
žȵ˵ϰ壬һЦҲʵ̫ѳЩ͹ݣˮƽ¶ԲЩ˰ɣ
Цʣϰûдһĵʱٶ˹ͬʱлһ
쳷
һ仰䣬͹ݵ¥ƺҲĽŲ
̧һ¥˿ûϰƴľٶ
ϰ쵽ǰ֮ʱһӰ˲ģٳ֮ʱѾϰһֱֵӿϰĲϡ
ֻͨʵǿЩϰ壬ͲĶ֣һСذףûκεʤ㡣
ϰһ˲䣬ץס죬°ʹһ¶һ˿Ȼ顣
ֻϰ°ʹ£ƺץסʲôıԵ΢һһűĸ߷Ƥ߶ʱϰϱ˺
ʧȥαװϰ壬¶ԭŷްס
ȻˣС䣬ͱǰռ˰ɣ
߶һ䣬ߵһ߻ϰߣҲһȽĸ߷ߡ
ָ߷Ƥߣںϵۼʮָ߰˵ĿƼɣϾտĻױȫıһ˵ס
һִֻ͸߰ɱļŻʹֹߣҲֻڱѧϰʱ˵ֶû뵽Ȼļʹ
С͹ı䶯ԶмӵоԱҲˣͨԶ̹۲⹤߿һĻ̾ͻ㱨⡣
ʱڸ·ϣһ˼СΧȦκһߣ
ӵؾǲԱ̿ʼ棬ܿʼƽС͹ݣǵȵǳʱ򣬲͹ûˡ
¥ϰͬǣӵ˸ղų˵źţ̺ԥֱӳˡ
ÿһ˵Ķܿ죬С͹ݵĺ洰˳ȥǽڻ£쳣ؾӵİΧȦγ֮ǰǾѾ˳ȥ
ֻؾӵôЩ˺пܾʹӳ졣
ϧ׷Ҫٶȣ˵û˳Խǰĸǲڵġ
ߵһʮŷˣĸˣЩ˲ûʲô׵ĵط
ݵĶ͸¶ϢȴܲǵЩ˷֮ͨУֱǻȺ
ǰ·ǿ׳ŷˣƺЩ˵ͷ죬ֻͻȻһɲͣ˽Ųʾһ£˶뻮һͣ
ǰźŷ˸ܵһǿѹû뵽Ȼ˱Ƕ죬һסǡ
һʱ䣬Ѿֱоֵ˶ˣһϷˣһЩԱû뵽ԷȻɳ˴ؾ
ȻǵʵͨҪǿܶ࣬һʹģײϣʲô³ƨҲ֪ǿɻûǹĳ̶ȡ
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ûż֣˿˵ǰʱŵһϣǿ˲佫Ŵķѡ
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116 һ
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΢΢һЦû˵תͷ˲輸ϵһӣһߣʱǸġ
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117 ´
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СӣһűĤƵĶóԵľһϡ
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118 һγ
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ڶһ磬ϴϣͺһׯ԰һȦϸĹ۲һׯ԰
ׯ԰ǳ󣬸ִʩӦоУŷңׯ԰Ĳûһ㶫ķȫִƼ
ռʮ֮㣬ׯ԰ֳƬÿһƬѲߵĶڶʮСʱֵء
滪סƬȻǷܵһԱҪƬһ
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ȴϸĴһѲ߶ӣΪڶ󷽵һע⡣
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ɲͨ˿Դﵽˮ׼һĸ֣Ҳ˾ȷĿơ


119 Сţ
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Դѧ˴طһѾԽԽˡ
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˹ʵǿǿͨ˼мֵĵزŻŦԼһͨڰ滪ߵı
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һμڵϵϮ̬ʱøӽţԷڴϹȻϮѾǵľġ
ȥ㱨֮󣬻ķ澭˶ݵоۣһ֧Ŷ鱻ɵŦԼ
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ߣŵǨƣڱУΪߣͻкý
滪Ҳ֪̯ƵʱˣЩ˼ȻеһȻΪĲѾһ޷Ƶĳ̶ȡ
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123 䶨
׻ʲôҲܣֻ֪ŦԼҵĻʾṫ񡣡
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磬磬Ҿûô˵ǲŵǨƣֻǵҵΪһΪʲôҪ棿˽ҵȥͿȥ
ᵱֶҪ֣ôԺǲһ仰Ϳ԰ѲΪУҾǨƺܺãοҶҲû̫ĹУǻػİɣ
ȴȫͬǰ˵˵ᶨվ滪һߡ
ڲǨƻĵ£ѾĺˣҲ˾κθı䡣Ҳ⣬ڽķǵǰ
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滪ӣ侲˵µĲҵ˱СŦԼҶתƵģǿһ°ɣ
ţµ漰ҵӹ˾ǱضǣӴҵ۹аٷ֮ʮĹȨ滪һ˵
ֵܽãֻռٷ֮ߣʣĹɷݴͷƵռаٷ֮ʮһ֮ࡣ
ʣµĹɷݣɢ˵ΪԾͻ׵һֽⲿֹɷһֱڲͣ䶯ġ
˵滪ŮˣѾȫƿŵҲΪʲôܵİɱԭڡ
滪չֵܽùɷݵĽ飬ҪǵȨˣ϶⻰ʱɫһ䡣
滪ҪӲţһ˵𣿣
滪͵һӣָ滪ŭе
ӲţƾҲ䣿ߵ죬Ǵһţ̹һ·ֻҵѣ
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滪һŭߣɨһ˵ҪӲţȫǿչǵĹɷݣһҹ֮һС
ȻǿչᵼʱʧӲĳ滪Ȼǿ԰쵽ģϾӵŰٷ֮ʮĹɷݣʵΪۺڲӵߵľȨ
磬ȥֻƣ˵ûдǹӲţҵģͷӰĹɷݸ㣬ҲϣչЩֵܽá
ɫǵͨ죬ʧȥһеĴǾ޷ܵģֻӲͷƤ˵Ҫôöĺ
ĺԭҲĺǰ󼸴Ϯһ˵Ϊ˹й¶ҵг̰š
ҵãףŵҵҪǴÿǶöǮȥЩҶ˵ˣûʲôˡ
أаҵɴǨƲΪʲôѵΪԼǵǮһ𣿡
۵ҶӵвĹɷݣΪҲ֪ǰĴ㣿ǱɵЩ𣿡
滪վ϶ʱ鲻ԽĴ˸䣬棬ѶóǺúõĿ
ӱ˳һѼܵļϣվ滪ı
Ϊҵļŵվˣ滪ԲǸϵЩϣ¼Ķ༸óҵļ¼
ȻҲǲŵĶ»Ա֮һǾȻгŵĻΪԼıȡ˽滪ѾǺˣƽʱһֻ۱һֻۡ
һΣʵڲˣЩûʣһһҪΪȡˣЩѾȫɾҩˡ
磬̫ˣһֱ֪ڰûؿֻۣû뵽ǣȻҵͶʼƻй¶
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Ŀϵļȫʹļ׵飬ͬΪˣΪҵ棬ǷֺЩֵܽãȴڴĳҵĻܡ
ΣҲ棬ͷΪʲôôƫģֻôһĹɷݣȴٷ֮ʮ壬ҾȲϴ磬ǲ
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ǨƵǾԲͬģҪһУҿ԰ѹɷݳۣ˫ļ۸Ҿ͹ǩ顣
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϶Ҳ̬ˣ֪ǲܶ滪ģֻ˶Ρ
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˶̬ˣҲò˾㣬磬֣ŦԼһԽҷ˵ô
ˣֻͨһŮ˶ѣֻƽٹʲô˾ҵˣЩǮҿȥޣ°뱲Ӻúõ
滪ԥһҡҡͷֻҪǮǮȥúúõģûҪȥƴ׬Ǯˡ
滪Ȼһ̰ˣ֪ܺܵƢԣǮǵҪĻϼˡ
ȻѾ滪˺ƤѾ׵̯ƣȷǸԸ滪ܵܡ
ȻҶ˾ҲûµıҪˣ׷뿪ңԹԵˡ
֣ˣûǵǣһ԰ѲĸЩˣֻ谭ǵĽŲ
ֱ˶ˣǰĸ׵ļ
棬ңķˣҲ֪ĶԲԣôҾҪһ
滪һ̾÷ĿԸһĻΪˣһֱĬóҵ档
Ϊ֪һЩڵ̨˵϶ǸķѵĽ


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滪֪ǣʱׯ԰ĳһ䣬һͨ绰Ⲧ
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绰ͷһ䵭ȻĻظȻ׼һ仰˵ֱӹҶ˵绰
˹ĳԱͻϵŦԼһεжȫȨɲҪʧˣҪһԷԮѾǧҪСġ
ںƵԡ˹ӵһͨ绰Ƕʱһ˿аЦݡ
жŵĺһΣʱҺ˳űڿлһ׵ľҺͼֻһĿС
Ȼڲ֪飬Ϊû˺˵£ׯ԰ձøӽȴǿԿóġ
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ȻõЩϣϸĿһ滪Ҫһˣѵһᣬȥټʶһķ顣
֪ҪȥʱЦǲȥҹܻ棬ӵȫҹܻᣬŮ
ֻҪǮǵ˼ܹܵߴߣǮ˵ãһ롣
滪ûжʲôȨжֻǶҪСģԸܼһŽ𿨣Ŀڴ
ԹڷھһʮʱԿׯ԰һ·ֱȥ١
ŦԼĵشŦԼôٺʲˣһͣĵطȡ˵ֽ͵
ת·ڣһź۵ƹĽ֣·ھŵŨ֬Ůϵˮζ
·洦ɼվŮˣŸʽ¶·ѩ׵Ĵ¶˳һûչޱԸС
֮ѰҿĵģΪϴϮ滪ĺڰǵİܲ
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·ߵһŮŤӿ˹Сִļϣ۾΢΢һԼĲ棬üɫ
ǰЩʱѧ˳õļ˵ѧϰȻЩԡ
֮𣬸ѧϰκεԣƾ֮ͿκһԵı
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ӿڴͳһǧ𣬴³Ůǰ
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ĺã˵һʲƵСѣ뵽Ůǰסĸ첲˹ս·ߵһСϡ


125 һ
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ǿİᣬһоԵͳʱȦǮʱ򣬼ʹǾ죬Ҳġ
Ůע⵽һֱǸҹܻᣬʱЦһ͵ǣһƬŮյǵı
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Ϊϣ˹µĲΣסıûбˣֻԼͼ鸾ЩСܶڱѲߣû˿Ϣ


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ǵŦԼ֪뷨жô棬ˮ𶫺ҪĶ࣬οûмչˡ
һŮˣһƯŮˣνǾٲά衣
ãhƾʺʹԴʶһЩܲѣмŮӣͥҲܲһ㡣
ЩŮշͱӻhƽʱȻҲܵɧţǲûĸҶֶš
ǽȴǸ⣬Ǿֽƭ˳浽һʱѾ׷ҽ뿪ˣʣ
⣬hæװ׼ǣûкýߣһģҲͻĻں
ͼȴʶˣҲû뵽ȻĸǿֱָʹµˣҪǿдȥ
٣ڴϺҲģһ㣬h
һʱһЦݵߵߣǸϤִŵİӣò
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hþò
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ɫƣʮӲʵȻͻȻðµеʮֵĲˬ
ҵѡԲҪȥˡ
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hĿǱŮˣȻʱˣ̸ȥ˻Լ顣
û˵ʲôֻĿ˶hļˣʹ˸ɫһĴ󺺶ʱǰһס˶hֱۡ
hקһϸֱ۱εץһͬһ̤ǰ
룬ǿûҵĻôҾ˵һ飬ҵѣ
Цһ˵
һ仰ֲͬԣֱ˵һ飬ͬʱҲ˶hֱۡ
ֻһץŶh֣󺺻ʱһһ£˽˺üüͷͣ˦֣һʮʹӡ
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仰˵꣬Ŷhʱͣĵط˹ȥ飬Ȼǲöhһ˴򳵻ȥģ˭ֻ֪ᷢʲô¡
ףͷ͵ֻΪhֱͻؼȥ
ү㿴
ʱһ˹˹ʵ
ѵ˾С
ЦһͶhıӰȫһӣ飬Ҳһˡ
̵ͷӦһһņ̀һָ׼ûж׼Ҫλã׼˴ȡ
һ죬ǹȻһӵǹʮŵǸǹ֣Ҳ¶һ˿Цݡ
ɲǵһˣ½սӵʱǹƣڿ˵ָĴģûʧֵʱ
үǹ˲ãÿһνѵˣ˸ܵʹͿֲȴֲ
˱˵ͬʱֲүʲô鷳һĵط
ղŵһǹȷſԴСӴȵļ죬һ̣Сӿ϶ֱӹڵأҵʹ˸޷·
ϵЦݻûȫӾͻȻһ˶ʱеһѣͷĽżȻѾŵˡ
ǹһɲǣȻʧһͳǹֵߣֹסĲӣ΢һֱӽ
ͻת䣬ŵˣһˤڵأһٶȣʵŵòᣬһĿ򡱶֣
ĵһλܳӰǣĺ֮ûĵĹ򳹵׵ȫ硣
ԭжûйһʣȴΪĳ֣ϵжӴ˶һʡ
ͬһ书Ӱĳ棬ҪµĶ࣬ѹһŵҪı顣
㣬ͲĶԱ֣Ҫ֣ҲҪȴԷĵϸ򣬺׳µġ
ЦݿЩɭȻζŵһĵͷ˵
Ӧúң磬δѣõĲɱˣɣ
һӣŵǹ֣ʱڵһ·ߵĳϣ߳ҵİ˽ȥ
ǿֲ֮·һȺ˵Ӷ
˳жǵ˴ʮֵĽ׳켣ֽȻҲʮֵ㡣
ղһӣȻ˾˵ǶʱβǷǳǿ׳ĶˣһӰ
Ŀ⣬ɨһ飬˶ǲĴ˸һߵľԼ
ηηӣĵ˵ͷת߻˶hߣ΢΢һЦ紺棬߰ɣȥ
˸ղŵһۣhʱ˹ĬĬĵ˵ͷһ뿪ˡ
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˳ͻȻﲻǶŦԼ٣֪hס
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ŵָʾһ·˷٣ҹĽֵ
ôŦԼˣ
·˶û˵һʱԵЩΣǶh˳ƣŤͷʵ
һһЩ⣬ǽ鷳
ĴŶhһЦһǵһγأȫǽ𷢱۵ˣͦʵġ
ǰ磬Ȼ˺ܶˣˣҲûʲôʸˣǻͷƤͬ
ղſ㣬ҷѾ׵ıˣǰȫͬˣòԸ񣬻ôõ֣ǰǸ㣬ȫһ
ǻһЩطƣҼֱϳ㡣
hϸĴһڵı仯ܺ棬ϾǰδǸҷϡ
ıȻģϾҿһذ
ҡͷһЦڹŹһ⣬֮ҾȫǲǰˣҲãҿʼһȫµ׵˹ȥһС
ǰҲͦã׵˹ȥһС
h૵ظһߣͻȻԵЩ˸С
ǱȻ֪hָʲô˹ȥųԸͬҲյĻԼ
ˣһŦԼ𣿡
볶ǰĻ⣬ܶȷѾǲˣԼղæת˻⡣
ǰĶ֮һ֤ԼļֵֻǱȡһ΢档
hһתͷŴ⵭ȻһЦȴǲʪȻһŦԼòǱô֡
Ҳε̾˿hΣʱ뵽ͬһ˴ƴơ
˶Ǳ磬һ˹ȻƵܱȶhһ㣬ǿžǿּǿģȴͬļį
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һ㣬ͻĵ෴
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лл㣬ͻȻ֣д鷳ˡ
h΢ûȥС˵˾䣬򿪳ţ첽߽ԺֱſڵʱŻ׿һۡ
ĳͣ·ߣh˻֣ͳԿ״򿪷˽ȥ
hȫңĪ̾˿һŷֱׯ԰
hص˶¥ķ䣬ӴͿԿ¥µΣڴ̨ϣôĿĳ
ֱ뿪ˣֿ˺ܾãĿһ˿Թˣʶô磬Ǹжá
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128 
ٵһϴϣ˹ˣϢȻֵǷꡢ˾֪ĳ̶ȣ˶Ӹ֪Ϣ
ڶ죬ȻҲյϢǱϢעŦԼÿһ˿紵ݶΪǶζżƻֱ䶯
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һֻ׺ݶĺڰЩ˵Ȼһѵ飬ǴϢʾϣ˹ǱϢİɱ˱
ΧСܣûһǸɱֵӰеļ¼ҲɵӰҪһ㣬ɾͲһܹɵˡ
ڽĥϢʱ򣬶߽˷䣬ӿһĪϢ
˵ٵǸϣ˹ɱˣǸϮεİϴ󣿡
һ뷿䣬ֱ˵ĿŽʵȻΪǽ˽ﶯ֣ôĸ֣ȥϣ˹鷳ģ벻мˡ
ҸɵģҲƵ˭
ʼ磬εһЦ֮ǰҲͶڰ飬׼жģԶᣬҲ֡
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ϣ˹ҲʶĺܿģûעЩ顣
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һЦѾˣǸڽĸ֣Ầ£ǰĿ֮һҪʶĸ֡
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ڽ㣡ϣʵôǿ
һԹԵת뿪ˡ
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ȥıӰ߷߲ƽĺһŲһҲȥ뿴Сӵôܸġ
ڱﲢʦְսԱֻѧһЩˣڵһսӵзḻޱȵսսԱ
վһҲûٴеӣٶУ⸱ӼֱЩɵζ
һ㣬һϸؼɵĶһֱΪΪһⲿţΪĵľӢӦļɺ־
ǰˣֱ˱ŵû˿ĹأҲжɣ˿ˣ϶ᶪŵ档
ôˣûôһ޵ģƺǵһμɣ
һЦʵһ㶼ŵӡ
ÿһսǷǳĽ۶˭ȫԸ׼ΪȫǶԶֵһء
һ㣬˳۵һԭˣΪ֮ǰдʱ򣬺ݺݵϷˣһ塣
ڶУǿΪǷǳ޳ܣҲʮֲмһΪֱûһӦþеķȡ
Խ죬Ż¾˵󲻴˵ССѣؼͿôˡ
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˿̵ĽڣͶԱ߻ˣǹսĽ塣
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Ȼ뿴󣬵廹ǾűЩƽϾڶʵǺ˽ġ
ⲻãҲ۸һأöֻظ˵ˣʵ˽ɲͨˣ㿴˾֪ˡ
ҡҡͷһ˵
⻰жʱҲȤȷ֪ǰݺݵŰһжǿ
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һ΢ЦӣеһͺȣȫǼʱһ䶯ӭͳȥ
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һͷ˲˶Ժ
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һԹսĽʱһŲһǰԥһ˻µĶѾȥˡ


130 ķڷ
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ղŵһ˲䣬Ĳ˶ڵͻȻҵתٶȳ˸ղ֮ࡣ
ǿеĴ߶ʶԾĸ൱ģһַŶʱսطղɾá
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Ķֳĸ첲ϴ˿ܲǿѾ׼Ķ־ţԵĥ˶꣬ȻȲһδɵˣ
ɲŵɫҲûףó˵ƣҲȷܷǿС
ӳôˣôһƵã
循㵵ĿŶı仯·ͻȻ䲻ʶһ㡣
û˵۾Ҳ˲ţʮֵ࣬ĸ˵ܹĦͬĸȫһսһ־޴ջ
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ǰĽŲʱһֹǿͣǰӣͷĺδε˳£۾ĶƼתѵģ
һԵĽʱҲǱס˲һ㣬ɫͨ죬Ѿȫ˵ˣʱչֳʵѾ׵Ƕ֮ϡ
ͣ΢΢һЦ˫Ƽһٵת󽥽ɢ˿ٶջڡ
һĻͶ˵Ӷ͹ˣųڣȻջȥǱ˵ˣû˵
ҰˣʵѾҺܶ࣬ķڷ
չȫʱʧϱҲƽȥһɵʮƽ˵
ûܣսʤԼŸղŵһսҲкܴİʱգضܹٳ߸ͷһ
˰֣΢΢һЦ
˵Ĳղһսҵȷܹ࣬һ׮ˣ
ͬͷһЦȻԭϥ£ԹԵĿʼ˹
Ҳٶղŵд裬ҲǺкôģҲҪһĵطúõĲһ¸ղŵջ
תۼ䣬һƬǽĽھͰ뿪ˣҲʼָжˣʣ˴վŵĽˡ
ӳղŷֳʤ𣿡
ڸղ֣ͣûķֳʤҲͶ֮Ĳֻ࣬վŵĽˡ
ˣ׵ˣûκεɱ֣ܵĻᶼ΢΢
˿˵йâͻȻһʢȻĳ֣ͬĶ־
ϣֹȻǴڵģ
ڵľ磬Ȼ֪ҪãֵܵزĳŸעһǿ롣
ֻҪ̿ȥľ磬ͬҲпܵ
ԺϸĻŸղ˵һսϵҲǿʢջˣֻͶˡ


131 ɽ
ص˷䣬ԡһˮ󻺻˽ȥ
Ȼûԡˮȴǵһϸ΢ĲƣһЩɫ־Ƥ͸˳ڽˮ
ղŵһսһ˶ûУȭƴҲյһ̶ȵ𵴣ֻ˲ûΣˡ
ڵÿյ£Ȼˣѡݸˮ裬ĶĽ޸
ǧ̣֮ѨͬҲˣһεС˲⣬ȵ۶ˣҲͿˣǸʱһֶζ̫ˡ
Ͷһսѧдļǿˣת֮ΪͨоȫͷҲԶˡ
д赽ʱ򣬶ǿѾˣͷûٺͶӲƴΪ֪ٻƴȥܵ˶Ȼʮء
ʱˣԶϱ۰򣬺ñȸɳʹ߿飬ǱȻ¡
ԣĹͷʩչĽʮƣֵ˲䣬ͳװѶסˣʵԲ࣬ö˼ӲƴĴ㡣
һʤҲȫ˶ʵνȫİ취
һˮ裬һ·˸ղŵһд裬и֮¾Ȼ˵ʶƺһ֡
žһǱ뿪˷䡣
ߵȵ¥ϣӭģȵĿһ˵ãô˵أ˧ˣ
ڸղŵ˿⻹δ˶ַӯĸоѹĶ˧ˡ
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΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
ı˧˰û۰
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Ŀǰ˵ѾжеĿȫµĹ˾ҵΪŵǨǰ׼
ң
鷿ţ˽ȥ
ˣ
滪̧ͷժ۾æ˵һϺõ衣
ѾյϢٵĽ̸ϣ˹Ѿ˽ˣ֪ʱ䰵ɱ˵Ļ֡
滪˵΢΢һЦȴû˵ֻǵͷƷ㡣
֮ǰŦԼ˸ո꣬ǻΪ⻹ԩҿˣûڹ
˵ʲôˣֶΣصķУ׵İɱϣ˹Ȼﳤȥأ
滪ϸķֱϵ飬ϧǣͷβϵ鶼û˿ı仯
ܣҲ̫ϣ˹Ļ̫࣬ǵŭԹȻ˳ʰˡ
ŦԼôǱ֮ҲĲɹ֮۹۶ˣǻģһҲˣ˳䵱๤Ľɫ
ᴵ˴еĲҶƷһڱɫĲˮһòʱѿڶֻǺһСڣѾдĸо
ô˵Ļ๤һǸˣô׾ٵϣ˹ͽأ
滪һЦָĦһеĸֱʣ֮ǰѾɱϣ˹ˣпܾ
뵽ͻȻ˵Ҫȥһ䣬ʶһŦԼķ飬ѾǲԶˡ
ŦԼôã粻ȥȥƫƫҪȥһţٵĽ̸ˣҪ˵֮ûϵֻûŵġ
¸ûʲôϣ˹ˣ˵Ҳһ£ҪĻץʱ佫ǨƣԽãǵΣҲԽ󡣡
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ѾڴߴǾˣǵַ뾡ֽӣٻһңҲûʲô̫õİ취
ǨƵ£滪ʱüͷ壬ʲôû˼ȥ׷ϣ˹⡣
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滪˵⣬ȷǷǳ鷳ϾߵĶеǩĸļ˳תµĸʲ
ǣ浽ΥΪշɳᵱȨǵʲôһĻҵһŬͻ᳹װ׷ѡ
ᵱӰҲ޴˼ƵҹǽǾͿԳûĽӹŵʲˡ
ϣپƵ꣬߼׷ڣ˹𵶵ɳϣеĺһŭĽƱǽϡ
ϣ˹ͻȻļƻʱˣȻļƻУϣ˹ӲʲôãҲô
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ڸղţѾյ˵ִϣҵЩˣǻĵıųԱ뵽Щϣ˹ʱһЦ
ļǨ¼Ѿһҵ¼ˣǣǿĲġ
Ŷ飡
߶ɳľӢŦԼطҪһĽ˽˭ռϷ磿
ҵļǨʵѾÿпˣⳡռϷ磬Ժĺܶͻ׽ˡ
ҼʹǿҲһѣǿĹһȣһûκεĿɱԡ
Դӳ죬ᵱһƣܹǵĻʵ࣬Ϊ鷳Ҫȥ
һαŵĵ˹⣬ôãһĶˡ
Ϊж쵼ĸ˾ûɢž͸һݺݵֱ˰гϣ˹
Ȼϣ˹ֻǸϧС㣬ȴ˹õɱ¾֮澡ʧԸر
ôȥŵʱ򣬷Ŵˣһ˽ͷһ˿Դϣϼһ˿۾
ܶٲʿˡ
ˣʹǿ˹ҲĴк
ܶٸӺܸߣȴԵ쳣ݣûһǿ׳񣬿ƺʮӣ˹ȴû˶ˡ
λߵˣǺܶˣȻûκε칦ܣԼԨ֪ʶ߼ǿ
ߵУܶپеĵʦʹ˹Ҳǽܹܶٵİнǿʵ


132 սǰ
ܶ΢΢˵ͷǺ˹к˹ҲԺܶٵĵλֵȥ𾴵ġ
ںܶٽ˷߽˰˸߰һɫŮǾɹִߡ
˹Ѿӵ˵ֵָʾЭһжһʮߣһﵽļܵǿȡ
ǵȶûⷢӵˮƽҪսپӣ˿ӵߵ㡣
ܶɳϣʮֿ̰˵ͷ·ǻڷһ㡣
ˣʿһٶսͷİɣʲôġ
ߵ㣬˹Ȼ֪ģؿڱ֤󻽹ЩߣʼϵϷϸĹۿ
̽ӹϣʼϸĿϾǵĴ࣬ÿһĳζǳ˳˼޵Σ
ϼͱţ
ȻǱŵЩˣ˹ҪСˣ˵֧ǳǿǰڱ߾Ͷղľһ
һΣղĺܲң
ܶٶʱһ۾ϵһ˿⡣
˹һζǣȻԸֻһ壬ϼ徹ȻõôӣĪʲôԵɣ
緶ΧڶԺգһֻ֪ǮϢǲ֪ЩˣҲǺ
ϾƽʱڽϸѵûôйȥעϢ
ʻŮ˿ʮֵͨһ˾ְԱһ㣬ԼʮӣƽʱҶϼΪûѡ
ȴû˸ϼΪܣʵǿ˹С
ҪѼźǨƻػĵľڣǼŵһҹ˾мܵоڽУǹڴģɱоԵҪŦԼ
ȻѾҪˣһε¼Ѿķʵǿıҡ
˿̣ҪľǻЩˣΪҪһս֤ǵʵ
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ܶٵ˵ͷֵ˼ҲˣҵѾòôҪֻҪ˱ţֻǸСɫѡ
ԶʱһĬʱ򣬱ϼüͷһ壬еʵʲôʱʼ֣
ϣʮ׼ʱͻϮ
˹ƶõļƻָÿһˣҶص˸Եķ俪ʼ񣬵ʱ䣬ֻҪռƻԼ񼴿ɡ
˶ˣǺܶȴûߣǰЩϣɫԵЩأһ̾˿̧ͷ
ʿڵʲô
˹ܶٵһơ
˹ϣкܶǳص칦ֻһֶѣоô꣬ҶԴԶȴ档
칦ϵ۵ĶֻͣǼúǿǻǱȴһ׿ķһͨ˱ʮֵǿԺ߶Կ
һֱҶΪ޷ȻȽϣǾ˴оҷԼˣķ̶ȵĿǱܡ
࣬Ȼף̺ĻҪǿĶ࣬Ǳܷӵһĳ̶ȣͿԷƿȻ
ܶٺһںƣ˵оѾһʮָĳ̶ȡ
ⷬ˵Ҳһ̲ס̾ڵȷģߵʵһ̶ȣȷǿԲٿ
˹ԵЩȣЩǵһʿǰôʱ䣬ɴûЩۡ
㲻û˵ĻЩȻû㹻֤ݣѾһЩͷһεжǧ򲻿ɴ⣡
һںȸ˱еĺƣܶû˹˵ֱ뿪˷䡣
ڶ죬ѾŦԼϢ˹Ȼŵ˲֪Щ˵ŵ㾿Ѿˣȴһʵ
ڲ֪Щ߾ʲôʱ򷢶ͻϮǿɲͨˣ¹ȫĥŸɴͽȫ䡣
ʱ˿̣ɽ¥ׯ԰գٺʲˣͨˣҲܵׯ԰Ͽյĳѹ
һʱ䣬һֱԶĵطĻ˵һЩȽİһֱĵġ
ͶһսƺûʲôɧѲߵЩϣȴܵһ֮⡣
Ƕǿ߷ĵľ壬ʵЩҲ֪ˣȻĵϸٱȶҪʵȴӹɵġ
ͶɫϾŴϢԷ˴ĵŦԼƺûϢܿŵ˼
һΣԷƺĽһ
֮ǰҲͺܶߴЩҰ·ӵˣȻ̫ܺȽϡ
ǿйһڱ֧ŵĿ֯еԴǣʵ֮ǿǲԶġ
ųԱƱ仯֮ҲԵĸоˣׯ԰ڱóİ֮˵ϸϸһͻʲôĪѡ
ׯ԰Ψһŵˣʣһˣһվɣôôһޱȵӡ
ȷûкµ˼෴ڻһЩ˷ܣߵĵԽԽȤŵĸ࣬׶ԼˣҲ÷ſȫȥ֡
ˣû˿Ĺ˼ˣԳ׵ķſ֣Щ˾жҲսУܹͻҲ˵

һ˹ǰȣڽҪһ˿飬ǱϤ˿һúܲ˼顣
ԭǽӳôп죿
תͷ΢΢һ
ҿôںֹۣܲϲ⼸죬һж
εһЦġ
ԭнӳͶڣһصĹ㿴Ҳһ㶼
΢΢һЦʼ
ϻ㵱Ȼˣô书е˶ˣҲûס㣡
ʹһ󣬰ŭһĲҪ
æһϮϣܺúõıҪܵ˺ϾɹĹؼ
ȻﰵǽɵӣȻô˵ģϣҪ£Ϊ


133 ǰϦ
һս֮󣬾СʱĴˣѾָڵƣΪû֣ϵҲǺء
ھҪˣΪԼʹطΪԭƻԻָĸӿ١
ָ֮Ķû̽չأǼһս࣬ڳȴԹսʱջ
Ҳһջ񣬾ͿΪһսʱͷųǿͷʱһȡ
˱չغѾǵڶ峿ˣյѾפŦԼϢҵ˽
һ߲ƣ֪ͨǣѾ˵ϢҪİ
ͽ˵ҪκεĹĨǣֱ˵˵
ΪƾڵԿ飿
üͷһ΢塣
ǻ˽龿˶ˣʵʲôˮƽ˫ĲҲжϣⲢæ
ҡҡͷİ۶Էʵǿ˵ֻкôûл
ˣҾȥֻҪڹؼʱ־ˣ˵æԼܽˡ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦôһսʲôջûǸʵܿ٣
ջȻеģһǺܴջһβ⣬һʱҵʵٶ
¶һ˿Цݣ˵ûʲôʵ˵ˣɫ
һʵǿȫ̽ĵףô˵Ҷ֣кܴأ治֪һôģ̫ͣ˼ˣ
ᵽһľ̾һ˿Ľ
ҲϣʲôŰɣȻֲǺֱ̬ȣǲ˺ԶͲҪȥˣԼľ
Ҳεҡҡͷ˱ˣûа취顣
ڶĴƼ֮Ȼȥںúչ滪Ҫʱ򣬿Գְæһ¡
ȻûʲôұϾͬţȻҵҪǱ滪ǱŵԱҪʲôΣգҲܼȡ
ȱԱĽűսԵúУڻ԰ɹɹ̫˸С
Ĺһ֮ܵׯ԰С͸߶򳡣һĸ߶
Ȼûָ˵ĸ߶ϷǼܲסĿѾ¯֪࣬˹֮󣬽̵ʱ䣬ľѾŰĲΡ
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һľɥ֪û߶׼úõŰһ뵽Ẓ́ѾŰˡ
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ʮӣյ㷽˶λõĹԱӶеӣʾѾһӥһ˽
ĵļʱȥôõĸ߶򣬻ûдӥû뵽˼̣Ѿ˽ʮ˵ɼ
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ӵˣһҺԶѲߵİԱһĿ
ؼҪģпƺһ죬Ҳܴӥ򡣡
΢΢һЦ˲ͯһ˹˵׾ߡ
ҵ滪ŵļ˯ͳԷʱ伸ڰ칫ҴССˡ
ϲҲƽԣʱŸļнʢ˵滪ǹûģû˭û
ҲǻǱǲŸֱ֮ɳרű滪һˣ£ǲɻȱ
ܣæأ
߽鷿΢΢һЦɳϡ
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ҹɫׯ԰Ĵ·ƶһ˿ȣׯ԰Եøѹ֡
ԱĴѲߣעׯ԰ÿһ䣬κε쳣ȥ飬ȷû֮Ż뿪
ôϢȷ𣿡
泯ׯ԰
ȷĸӦúܴǻǲܵģʱ̼ǿ䱸
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鲻ûпܵģطѹȷҪȽö࣬Ϊֻܱĵȴѹܴ
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ڻʷϣսʤ
⵹ûпܣҲûʲôõİ취ֻܱĴׯ԰ء
Ȼ֪ȱݣȴûнķ
ֻϣЩˣҪЩСϷҪսĻǾķֳʤȥʵ̫ˡ
˵ͷĿĿŴǿա
ԶսͲǵʱ˺ͣǶռƣ£ԭӦսپͼʱˡ
ҵˣ²ǳˣԱֻܴսɾ͸Ǵ൱鷳
ڽͶӦ֮ʱׯ԰һĵطͣһʮ³վ·ߡ
ͷʮĳԱһ˺Ȼ˹жָӣҲʵǿߡ


134 ܣ
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˵ʹȻڱĿУׯ԰ܵķ紵ݶȴܸܵȻʹʶһǶȴǿԼ
ڸղһɲǣķׯ԰ܶ˺ܶǿһϢǿϢȫ΢ϡ
Ϣ⣬໹ʮϢ֮ͨ˵Ҳǿǳ֮࣬ԱˣǵϣٶܵĲ
ʣµЩӵϢΪԻߣľѵսԱʲôֲӵսʿ˽Ĳӡ
ռƻͷж
ǰټׯ԰˹һ˿⣬һӣ˶ʱɢ˿ɿİΧׯ԰
ͨսʿͬȴǷֳ飬һ˹Դ죬һȫվһİ˵ı
׳ͷһըԵļ⿴ʮֵĺˣ·𾫸һ㣬ͷ¹⣬۾һգգĶׯ԰
пҮŻˣǶͱŷĻѪȳ˾Ҫǿ׳ǳ࣬ټϿܣ绢
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ҮŤһ²ӣ˿ֲ֪˻Ϊ׵ˣһĮȻߵׯ԰ſڡ
Ǹˣ˽أ߿
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Үȴûһ㣬ֱŴ˹ȥ¶Ƥһ˿Ľ
վסҾͿǹˣ
һԣ̴γǹ׼˾ʹȵ
䣬ҮͻȻһ𣬵̳һӣ˲ɾתڵһֱײׯ԰Ĵš
Щׯ԰ĴֻͨĸֲƳɣΪ۶ѣôסߵͻϮǿҮǿߡ
һ͵ײ£űķѣ֧ĸƬֵĸ뿪ǹȴǰѾʧȥİӵӰ
ŤͷĴһȦûз˵ټʱԼְæܻң׼ı
֪Ÿһɾ޴˲ĺ֮ϣշֱײңԭŵĵƹҲɲǼϨˡ
ʵ쾯嶼ѾνˣҮײŵһ¾죬Ѿׯ԰ˣ鷿칫滪Ծ̧ͷ
ɿߵ˴ԣ滪ԶԶľͿׯ԰ĴѾûˣϵҲһѷ档
ܲؾţǾˡ
滪΢ң׼绰ʱ򣬶ͻȻΧȴûмӰ
뵽Ī滪ЩҵĽƽϵıӣһȸ˱еŨ裬ĨĨԡ
ҵĳɰܣڴһ٣ˡ
ܷ滪˵һ䣬ʼ˸ļ
ڿ΢΢һ̣滪ĻȻˣղԴܵĹ򰲸Щҵ滪
ϣôǿͻƽͶǵķҾԳ֣һǣνܣжǿ
һľ⣬бɲǼϨٶȻָǰƽ
Ѿ֮ˣǶӵ֪ͨ߶ֻܹԹԵĴԼķڡ
Ǻǣ𣿿ҲҪǰ׼һˡ
һУһվڴߣŲɵĴţ¶һ˿̬Цݡ
ȫ湥ҪĿȫɱһ
д˹Щ΢˷ܵͬʱͻ˷ׯ԰һʱ䣬ׯ԰Ĵ΢ǹ
н֮˵ǹ϶װȽʹǹѹ͵˼ޣͨߵԶһЩǹ졣
ĴѲߵİԱҲ˷ӦԵпϮķʽѾ˶˿̾˶㿪ʽĹҲû˿Ļҡ
ˣȻţȻֱӴĪĳǣ
ڣһЦֱߵ˴ߡ
ȻѾˣҲȥˣͽɣûʲôġ
оһߵ˽ߡ
ӳǷֳһ˴Ž룬һǴׯ԰ͻˡ
ϵĶԽ˶Ա
ǵĵҲ֪ķɢǵʵȻҲͷжɣ
תͷһЦŶ˵
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еǹе˶γϵǲҵĶ̱ӣǹս˰춼ûˣײֻǼӣѾʮ
֪ǹе޴û˻ɵȥӲӵԴҶǶ̱ӵʱƴľʵˡ
ʱʵϵĲཫֱӾʤܶʱֻһаʽпܾͻӴ˵£Ҳվ
ŵĳԱٵſڣʱŵЩҲ˽վ˿Ү
ǾǱŵˣʵȻһûаϣǲҪʧ
Ү򻺻ɨһˣͻȻѿһЦһ˵ˡ
ǰλδ󺺣ǿҲ֪ж£ټߵݣҲ˿ӡ
Ǿˣܲӣ֮˾ͻһأҪɱҪУϤ㣡
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ҽпҮ򣬼ס˭
ͷһЦҽ͵һ棬ҵĶ˶ܵʮԣʮ׷Χ֮ڣѣֱǷһС͵
һĨصĹâ˲鲼˿Үȫ׶ʱɫӣͫҲ˲ʧȥ˹ʹʮ㡣
ǿҮܣȫ


135 ڰ֮
ֽܣȼԸƸָӳɷֵĽȫ׵Ľ
ֻҪҮӴĳֽͿ˲佫ȫΪֽһģһԣԽܵĽȻҲԽãȻĵҲ
ڿҮ仯ĽɺܶɭʿרΪзĺϽֺϽܽԣڸָߵ»жʮı֡
һĻжʱһ֪󺺷ǳļ֣ûܣҮ˾ģû
ܵԷϴǿѹȫһǿƴϲ
ûй˫˲ײһһʱſڵĴӰ˫ֵٶȷǳ죬ͨ˸ǵĶ
ζ֧Ԯȫǽ΢ĸ֣˶Ѿ˾龳ıԵ
ֻҪٽһͿԿʼĵӶһĸ֮
Ȼһ̤ǱѡĳԱÿһǱɴ˿ɼε񣬻ķжôӡ
˶ĸ֣϶һֲǴȫصķֲҪ֪ķֲ߳½ҲֻǸûõĸ֡
½ʱʮֵĲӣûо
ֻе΢۷ĸ֣Ѿ£ܲĲǶԸߵǰᡣ
ܶߵ칦ܣ֮ʱʮֵΣһ˿ûκεף΢ĸ֣ȴǿƾĲĲ쳣
׽ɱʱ򣬶ҲһҮ͵ײһ˶͵ĸ֣Ȼȥʲôӡ
ȭȭ⣬ʵʵڵӲӲ񱩵˴˽ֵĵطɢȵΧ֮˶ԶԶ˿
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ͬǿҵһ𣬿жʱһεĲٶȻָƽ
ղŽʩչĹǴʨ𹦣ľ磬Եƾһ޺𣬾ͿԻУ
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ܵ÷ʽǧٹ֣칦һģһߣǶܵ÷ʽҲԵĲ졣
ͬĸ֣ÿ˶Լóľѧһ˶ͬһֹ
Ҳˣǰ˹ͽڰóµĻ
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һʼ˹ܺã˽ֵʱӳķȻԵ޹ʵġ
ʹûд߶ڵҲڻļ٣ԺӹһͷĿ̼еǹĺɫ֮ϡ
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ʱƣ˹ɫֵԶԶ
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һĴǾͻָ˵ˮ׼޷ʹãǿҲԭ
صİأҲÿһ߽ⷢ


136 ȫ
ͻ֮˲ͬʧȥֻ֮ȻָٶȱȽϻûʲôķԿٻָ
ǽӻһգôָٶȻӳ٣κһߣὫľζںܳһʱڣһͨˡ
˵ʹͨȼܣǼƵʹã츳⣬ͨȼܶʮϡ١
ñһػߣָֻͷȼһƻ磬ȻԼ̣ôԶάС硣
ʹôΧֻǺ׵ܣôľͻӣһʹùȣͻʹڵӻһա
ξȷĿģһ߱ѧ֮һû츳ԣֻڷŬϵȥ
һԿ˹ĿǺεȵľˣ
ڰɢʼΧԼܣŵطı䶯⣬ͬʱܷӳڰԡ
ȷĿȷ˹ɱ¾֮š
Ǿܹ󻯵ĺڰܣȴɲܿٵĻܴܽ˳֮£Զ˹
ΪսȫҲռ˺ܴһ֣ԼʹҲԳսܳʱ䡣
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һӴƽŴӶϴ˳ۼҲͬһʱ̴߶طӵ˼ޡ
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ڳһĴƮ˹û˿Ըٶȣ˶ȫǱѹŴ
ųһ浹Σε̾˿ǽӵŦԼ滪ŵѾ泹ʧܡ
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УȻĻҪںе˹Ϊڳǿߣû˱ݶϻ۵ǺεȵĿ¡


137 ־ȳ
ڵû˷˹ϺȻı顣
ɲΣֱ֮Ӵ߶˽ʮƣ˫һһ֮䣬ĵ˲䱩ǵͷС
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ȴǲܣֱһͷƬ֮Уתۼ䣬;ҵĲ
ҪʮҲȲһˣΪ֪֮ȽҪǿٱ
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˹ۼ˴󲿷ֵĺڰ۵ؿڵסһģǻѾĳһࡣ


138 
˹û˿ͣһת̵ҮߣһѾߵĶʱ׵һԡ
ԿҮϮ˶ȭͷתһƣۻ˲עֱ֮ϣʵʵĶֻȭͷ
ƮƮһƣûʲôӣ˿Үȭͷ֮ʱȴӲҲ̲һš
һĹͷҮǿ׳ұۣһĵǹͷϣĴһࡣ
ĵĺ˼ҮŵĿұۣƺֻһƣͽ˳ģ
жǿû˱ˣǿ֮󣬸Ǵﵽһ˷ָĳ̶ȡ
С͵ĳǹԹǿڶʱӲMP5ǹɨ䣬ǺεȾ˵ǿȡ
ǹеѾʮַĽ죬ڶӲӵҮѾƾܵǿһ㣬Ȼֻĳǹ
Ǿһǿȴһ׵ĻֵضûУôɾˡ
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ͻ䣬ñսһƬıźԱʱ˿ͬǣųԱǾ飬ԱȴǾŵ顣
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ڹ۲УȴȻǿ˼Ƕڲȴûеôǿ
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ܿҮḶ́ɱȸղŴ˹ĳҪ𺳵Ķ࣬ʹߣҲټôĳ档
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⻹ûнԵʣͷͲˣֱӻɷɻҡ
ƵĻ֮ɲֻŻˣĿŵЧ
ȻԶһۣҮļȴûѪ˿ڴһƬɫѿЩѿڶϱ۵˲׵ķס˿ڡ
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141 Ƽת
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146 ֻһ
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Ϊʵ͸߳նٲֹһԲܲϵԿ
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նһЦڵͻȻһܡ
Ҳ˷ԷҪʹˣ֪;һܣԷӣƺʮĵӡ
õİնٵʱǿ֣ٶҲøӿⶼҪĵط̾Ļ칦ܡ
ǾȻһֿŤڵĹйؽǹؽڵķоԵģһ˿Լĸ첲ӲŤ
ڹؽڵԣԾձϰһΪؽڼĲɣĸؽڲλ淽Ϊѵص㣬һƵеĸЧ
նȴȫͻÿһؽڶĴת˿Ӱ켡Ȿ˶ͷ
ֻݵĻȻùкã÷ǳĲ˼飬ĸ񶷸ϣӵֱ绢
ĸ֣һʱ£϶ȭ˲׼ȷĵֵȭƾҲˡ
ڰնٵĹؽڿŤķѾûκ·ȫǲ׽²Էһιĸطܣ͸ϣֱ񼼡
ҲòͣնٵʵѾԽЩŵ΢֣˶ͽܹѹһͷ⣬֮˶ʤ㲻ɡ
Ȼʮصܣ͸񶷽ϵĺܺã۸񶷼㼸Ѿ۷ľ硣
һЦͻȻ̾˼䣬£ʰն٣Ҳûϲٵµģд蹦ģ׼ȥˡ
̽˰նʵĵߣһۻ̴ܱȫʵ޻һƳܰնٵĹֱؿڡ
նɫһϵĿЦ͵Ĺ˫ȭһŤ׷ֻơ
ֻһӴɫʱ䣬һ޿ƥеľǿƮƮϴʹþȫҲ޷赲Ƶƣʱһܿһơ
ɲ֫ͷԼ򵥵ˣõ£ȻԱΪ
ȴûô΢΢һ£һ΢ʱ𣬼ʹĽڣҲš
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ͨһϥ˵ϣ𶯣ʹһСѪ
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ʵܲˣҪôһ㣬ղŵһƣѾ࣬ûжصַƣ֮ڣͻ
һЦƺ˵һܼ򵥵顣
նȴ־ŭ벻ֵʵȻǿڵͷ˼ôʱؿһӡʱߡ
ʲô
̧ͷֵĿʵ
ȵӡʱҲζûˡ
ʼ磬ȻһЦ
㾿ʲôҪɣ
ͷ˼һ󣬰ն˵һĹѾƽǿԶܼįˣԵʮּᶨ
ҵҪܼ򵥣Ͳʿ˵һֻҪѹŵǩ·УûκιֵҪⱾӦ顣
˵ͷԷʮϵҲʡ˺ܶ鷳顣
ֻôҪ󣿡
նɻĿʵ
ȻǺֵܱˣʲôֵҪ󡣡
΢΢һЦ
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ն˵߳˽ûȥǺߵǸڰеĴԣǸӡ
ӲȴʮֵľˣʵؼӲޱȣȴֲָӲǴЩ΢ԣԺܺõĳȭ
벻ͨ浽ʲôĶ˴ӣָһ£̽ӻһϸ죬϶һЩҺɫķĩ״Ʈ˳
һЩģָ΢΢һȻ⾿ʲô
ǦķĩնٰؽǦĥϸۣװǦıؾͺܴ󣬷ĩ״ĶоԣǦװڴԸЧĶȭ
ͦ뷨
ҡͷһЦϵǦۺת뿪˽
ĵǩ˺˳նûˣʲôУϾСڱϣʱ򻹸ˣǻˡ
һûзʲô⣬ùһֽд˼ҩĵ֡
⼸ҩģ֮ͿĨؿڣÿΣͿĨ󻺻ʮӵʱ䣬֮ӡͻʧʵЩҩӦòѡ
˵һת뿪˱һĹ˾ʧӰˡ
ؿµӡնһ˿֮ɫϵĵ绰һ룬Ѹղŷϸ˵һ顣
ҹϻ˻ʢٵ˹ʱһڰķﾲĻָƣ΢ƹһ̨ʱһԵֻͻȻ
˹߳ˡ
ս绰Ǳ߾ʹһͳ
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˹ŵʵ
ҹͻϮ֮󣬽ŦԼҪĹְԱвȣЩѹȫǩ·ˣ
绰ͷЩ
ˣˣ
˹΢΢һ㶣ʵ
˹նٺͲʿˡ
绰ﴫ˵֣˹һ˼ʱɫ΢䣬Щ˶˵վˣһǩļҲζ̾ͿԿʼʲǨƣ
ô֪˭ɵ
˹׷ʵ
һİˣʱûĵϸ϶ģһ㲻д
绰ٵ˵һʧˣŭڵǲ̫ˣҪ̫жֻԼ취ˣ
㲻֪Ǳ߳˱һȥǻԴģ
˹һ䣬˸΢ϣԵЩɭɲ
ߣԼ취ҵоɹǱõȻεжϱ˹ᣬǲ֪ǵʵĿģһ֪Ϊǵķ𣿡
仰˵꣬绰ʱһæȻͷѾҶ˵绰
ڱɣȴȥƴƴֱΣ
׹һ˹к˲ӿһúõֻգۼ͹һ̲Ķ׵һԡ


147 У԰ż
ζԸңʵֵľĳһЩ˵˼Ϊһ鰸ϱ˹ᣬԱǵۺ󣬵õִе鰸ѡ
Ȼƴ󣬵ǻûǿɻĳ̶ȣǼ͹ҵĸ
һС˽˵ֵԸңȴû뵽ӣֱʧһļߣ߲֪˽󣬵ŭ
Ǻܶٲʿܵжĸ˹Ǳ˸ѪͷΪҲһļߣ϶ǲô׷Źġ
ҪԸңȻǲ̫ܵˣһҪоɹ˹õ֣ϢҲṩģĿǰֻ֪
ȻҲø֪£ԲŻ˹Լ⡣
飬صҵʱѾ֮ˡ
һĴ滪ϲӭˡ
ܸ˵ӣӦյϢɣ
΢΢һЦ
ǵģѹѾȫǩ·ˣŵǨھͿ̿ʼֻҪʱ䣬ǾͿԷػġ
滪˿ҲЩõļƻھĲۺڿʵ֣ʹҲ޷ĵϲ֮顣
ܺãôͷܶˣ뿪ŦԼҲ㰲ȫ
ͷһЦʱҲͲٴ滪һ뿪ѹҲСܶࡣ
Ȼˣ֪Ǳ߻ʲôֻϣҪƵĶԷǽźá
Ļ㱨üëʱһ
ô˵ǨƵڽܹĵĳﱸУһʼǨƣǾͿֱӷػģֻҪ滪εˣ죬ΣҲҪ
ɫص˵ԷıƼˣɸǿׯ԰ǵѹǳ֮󣬾İʤҲֻ֮
Ҳʮ˸СʱôҲҪأ֪ͨȥ׼صˡ
˵ͷղǰ㱨ǸųԱתٵ뿪ˣȥ׼ܳĹҪ뿪ᣬ϶ǲܴĵĵġ
һ죬ȫǵĿ֮ˣֻҪգ˼Ҿʱսǻ䣬ʲôڣһ㶼Ҫ
¥鷿÷ţ˽ȥ󲮣ң
İǩ˵Ѿˣ֮ǾͿеĹȥ֪ͨһ֣ʰĶʰһ£ǾҪ뿪ˡ
滪̧ͷģ΢΢һЦ˵
֪ˣ󲮣ͻȥ׼
Ҳдϲڿ뿪ˣʱҲǹĵׯ԰ҳʲôϮ
뿪ģ滪ҲԷһ㣬ȻμǨƸüҼ˿
Ȼ֮䷴Ŀɳ𣬵ĻԸ뿪ģֶҲ˵õͣȥ֮󣬵ýǵĵλһЩˡ
˴滪ͷ˹ģȡ̵ʱڰźе顣
ص˷ȥϴּϵαװĤȻ¿ƼĽᾧ͸ʮ㣬ǸЩûƤڡ
ĵ⣬ׯ԰еֱ˶ڽ׼ŸˣŵҲڰų˵ļƻ
ΪͻȻ֣ǨƵʱǰһ֮࣬ԱԭȶµļƻȫϣµС
һ죬ׯ԰һƬæµƽ͵жɹˣŵҹҲȥˣڶ峿̫ʱѲߵ˶һûͻϮ
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緹һ˻εͥԺǧеɹ̫һ·ӵ³￪˳ȴſڱԱ
ȽϽţѾ˵ˣûҪ飬κ˶뿪ׯ԰ϣ⡣
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·ģҲ֪ڵƱȽϽţε̾˿׼ͷسʱͻȻ˳ϡ
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ڴýѧ飬ӦѧУϿΡ
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Դֳ֪µ˶мӣΪҪˣȻһ𱶸𾴡
֮Ͱˣ˵Ҳȥѧʶһⲻͬķ
˰֣˳ڳϣתͷװȤĴ;ķ羰ʵԼĵ㯡
֪Ϊʲô˵ŮŦԼýѧͶһ̾ͿҪһȥһˣ˵ڵʱŷӦԼ˵ʲô
һɲǣԺһŮЩȵıӰǰһΣͻ˼ҡ
һ̾Ҳ֪ԼﵽЩʲô
ĿƺЩѵӣʱʶȤı죬һ·ĬĬĿ˴ýѧ
ĴѧŨҵഺϢѧ϶ɷһ㵹ͻĵĴѧͬǵֳõķΧ
ҵѧУˣڵߣܹһ𣿡
³ߵѧУһԣΧһ޴Ȫ۵µ˵֪ԭǴѧĵһУĵ
ʱԶŮ˹ǸӽͷĸŮԶԶľС˹ֱ˽ĵĻ
ҲĽİŮӵ˻һԿһĻҲһů΢ЦתͷȥӵĵǺܶġ
㰡
һϤıʱתͷһ˿ȵɫhôˣ
Ȼ㣬Ҿ˵Ӱ񣬸ղ㰬ѣû뵽Ҳڡ
h΢΢һЦ˵ʮɫĶţȿ㣬һ˫ɫϣ¶˻Բ۵Ľֺɫָʮֻÿɰ


148 ˳ع
ĵѣпգ˳תתû뵽ôɣˡ
ŶhЦŻصȴһĪĸо
ʶҵˣ
hֵĿ
ȻʶˣڶҲʶư
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Сֻһhʲô飬һǱߵģС˵˵ģѾ׼뿪ŦԼˡ
ʱЩȵĿһ۶h֪ЩϢӴѣЩļӵܰ
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һǱ罺ˣתͷhʵ
Ҳû˵̫࣬˵ҵܲù滪㲻ڼҰ칫һʱˣǰЩʱŻ·Ϯ
hЩĵ˵ֻﵽ׵ĵ˭ǺѰˣǾֻԼ֪ˡ
ȷһЩ鷳ŦԼΪ˰Ƕɹѹء
˵ͷ֪Ҳ̫࣬ƻĸϢҵĲҪǨƣȫˣҲ׼һ뿪ʱɡ
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ǰĿģΪ˰ңˣȻҲҪһȥġ
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hҡҡͷЩãĶȪĵ񣬲֪Щʲô
ǻȥɣڹϾǳ֮ƣһټļ壬ջҪصģǵĸ
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Щһ̷֮ɢ˿ĸĶУǱŷų˶ҡ
е˸ٵĻ˾ҲԷɢ˵ıڸܵУ˼л
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ֻҪܰȫ뾳ںð죬ϾѾЩĵ⣬ʣµ齻ȥҲһ԰׵
ڳӵм䣬;ϵгȥֳɲͬķֱʣԼСʱǳŦԼһСͷɻ
һ˽˷ɻǾ͵īһСϣ˽ߵãﰲȽĳӰ͵Ϲ˾Ķ˽˷ɻ
ڶʱ˫žѾվ˶ϡ
Ͱźõĳ̰ǽӵڶܲ滪һڻĵžˡ
Ƽ׵һ̣ѾԼ˽滪Ļʧʹ෬ĥѣ˼룬صǵļ硣
ˣˣˣûˣ˼ҿЦˡ
滪ҲһȣôҲôˣûʧֻ̬Ůı
ܣǸòžۣһкܶ໰Ҫ˵ҾȻȥˣʲôµĻԴ绰Ұæ֪ҵĺ롣
һڸ˵žۣ΢ЦŸˡ
Ȼû˵￴˸м֮ѾҪ̫ֻһ񴫵ݣ֪Էʲô
뿪ţûлؼңֱȥ˱ŵפأͶѾȥɺܵûȥһܾôֲˡ
ߵ½İ칫ҵſڣ洫һˬʵĴЦ֮󣬸һȥͱ½һ˹ȥϸ´һ
СӣҾ֪ûпˣμ񣬾Ȼļʮߣл˹Ǹһ̫Ƕֲˣ
ļ½ʮϲ˵
ңֻǽҶѣߵȷʵŦԼ˸ͷ
ǫһЦ
Ͷ˵ˣСӾȻʵѾôǿˣֱǲţǰ㻹ֻǸͨͨ˶ѣû뵽˶̵ʱѾ˵ɱ䣡
½һˬ֮ĴЦƺʵԼʵҪ˵Ķࡣ
ʲô伸£
һԵĽͶ½ĻòеıӶˣ׷׾Ŀ
ǰǲ֪𣿡
½ֵĿһ۽ˣԶôķӦеһ죬ⲻ֪֪ĵϸʱҲᾪ
ôܣһ书ˣȻڼھʹﵽʵǶ޶۵ĺľͷһ㣿
ЦõĿŶ˵
ǰֱ̫˼ˣȫ޷Ҫܴﵽʵ
һ侲ĶҲȫܲʵ΢ţЩɵĿ


149 Ҳβ
Ȼǰû书֮ǰܹˣһغ
֮Īľǿ˷ǳ࣬ȫԱЩͯӹʮţǴѲк󸣰
½Եʮ˷ܣȻҲûҳԭڣʺȴһʵҲŰ˱ţû뵽ô̵ʱڣȻ˵ʵ
̫ˣҵڶûܻعֱǲ˼飡
ſͣЦҡҡͷ
ҲһǼʶˣĪţƽʱЩֻ츳ɣ
ҲεһЦ˺Ƚϴ㣬˱ˣ˳ϲҲ
εԲɹ滪Ѿص˻ģŵǨƹҲڽĽУȥִĳԱȻ˽صˣǺû֮Σ
Դ˴εжʾ⣡Ȼȥ죬ʱһ֪ͨ顣
½գգۣ΢ЦŶ˵
ãôҾȻȥˣµʱ֪ͨһС
˸ȲĻص˼УһʱûŮﻹеģεҡͷһЦԼǸĴܲ
㣬Ϧأһ
򳵵ſڣͳһŰԪ󳮵ݸ˾㶼ˣֱӴ򿪴ŷɿĽݣ߽߱е

ڻЬһɳƵĻӦ֪ôӣæЬܽ˿
㴩˯£޾ɵɳϿŵӣҲûһͷŲϱ䶯Ļ棬ٿ㣬ɫЩ԰ף촽ҲƤ˿ʮֵ㲡
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ɳߣĶͷץʼ
ûʲôȣЩðˣȽ飬ǰˣϢͺˡ
һüͷʱ΢΢壬һȣɤ۶ۡ
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ҩֶܲҩǾҪҩĺãðֻСϢˮͻõġ
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ɲͨĸðѾظðˣټǾڣ屾飬ôǿ
ûĵһĶͷһ˯˯ȥ¶ƽСͿɰСۡ
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ûеʹˮ֮УȺĸоñС΢ĴʹУˣɫڿٵתС
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˿ɫȫǺϸй󣬸ղżֱˣѹػԾˡ
ƣһزͰĲκˣ
ضʱɵĿ˿ˣղĳ٣ֻϮصٶ
ʲô
Σ
ͬʱֻƤԽԽ񣬵ûʲôϵȴϺҪѪһء
ղһ¾磬Ҳظðˣʹκأ
΢һ£˵ԽԽС
ʲô㣬㲻ǻعⷵգʵѾպͿ˰ɣ
æĶͷԼĶͷȻȵķ̡
Ǻߣϲŷյģ
Ѿȥˣÿص֣Ц
Ļ
غɵĿɳߵϵ
ʲôлһ书һĳ̶ȣͿԴӿȡһ
ҡҡͷ΢΢һ쵽صǰһһСʱųġ
غָ׼һ֮ͣʱһ󺰶ʱ¥ݴ
أ
ҶϦһ¥ݴ˹ֱĵؿҪӴָ


150 Ԫ֮˵
ѽϦˣ
űʹָĿҶϦе
ɲģָҪ
ҶϦûİһۡ
ͻıʣҲ΢΢һ㶣ȤĿҶϦΪʲôҪô˵
Ÿ书ͬҲǧ򻯣ǼÿһֶкǿܷųǾ˸߶ȵۣǿģ
ҶϦ˵Ŀǿ׳һôȥ㲻ָᱻըɣ㣬ô㽫ų⣬أ
Ҳǹ
ʱεһЦҲʲôͣһһģְֱСϣ˹ȥ
𣡡
ҶϦֵһУȻŷ㲻һ¶ûУɫĺãȫǰǸˡ
㿴û°ɣ
̯֣΢΢һЦ
⣬ôܣ
ҶϦȵĳͣǰһĻȫѧʶ֮⡣
֮ʱʼڲϵѧϰһۺ;磬ļǧ̣ͽһ׵Ƶķǳḻһ׵ϵ
֮˵һˮ룬½ֻǸոˣʵҲͻͽЩԽͷųĶˡ
ȻȻӵǿ֮Чֻ֮˱ԣ˵ӵеʣƻΪ
ҪˣҲ˵²ſԣһĹһĹǵһ𣬼ֱˮ
ʱ򣬱˵ˣûٱ˵Ѿǲ³ˡ
ȻԼƣǴΥҶϦʮѧ֪ʶû˵
Щ⹦ˣһܳɣ֣ڹķǿͬ鵤ҩ
ϧֳһı䶯ɾʹ伣УΪĹûʲôǿĹԸͨȻû⣬ͬĸ֣ûл֮
ѵǾȻʧڹķ
ҶϦɻ´һôҲֹ˰
ôң
״˫˵
ôģ
ҶϦҲɻʵ
ʲôôģ
˰
԰ʣµľǾԪԪǺöǿ޸κˣԪ㹻ǿ󣬻׹Ҳǲܵ飡
ֵ˵ⲻǺܼ򵥵
԰Ԫ
ҶϦһͷˮ˵ϵˣȫ
԰ʱ򣬼û˵ЩԪ֮˵ĸڣԪ书֮γɵһ־ǿ󹥻
ԽһҶϦɻҡҡͷ
ʵǵѧоеۣ֪ʶƶϳģʿȻĺĻԪ
ֻҪԪĶԺܿĲһԪǾͲô׿ԻָģҪ鵤ҩ䣬͵ûʱ
Ϊ㲻֮ˣڸû취ղͷųԪҲֻƽ͵Ԫܺ޹˼ɵĽڡ
ȻһССظðķѲٵԪʹԶָҲҪ˶õĹ
һû˵Ԫ˵ģ
ҶϦҡҡͷüͷ˼ղŵĻ
ǽ˸ҵģҲǸϹѡ
һЦ˵
ɲʲôϹĻǿǲ˵ķ֣ǸˣһǸǳĸ֣ҪôĴ൱
ҶϦ˵ͷƶ˵ۣұ˵ѧϰˣǵһ˵
û˵
üͷһжʱˣϵ֣ûнӴھˣܹѵڵ۳ɵȻһ㡣
ǰǰܶνĹľʵĴڵԪģ޷ָղѪ
ҶϦͷ˵ȷʴӱһΪ͡
˵ĺܶԣԪĿѻָܼʹָĻȷǻΣ
ĿҶϦһۡ
ǸղŰβǶԪ
һԾŵͻȻһϳһ˿֮ɫ
ǰղŵȷǶԪھеͷ裬֪ôˡ
ͻȻɫһ£ͷһ͵͵ؿڡ
ô죬ô찡Ϧ취
㱧ԴĶҶϦ
ǷˣشԵĴŮˣ
ҶϦʱһͷײ뷨ܹų⣬϶ۺһľ磬ʵθðĶԪ㻹
ͷΣ
һƲĽһͷǶԴС
ʱҲӦ˹ֻ֪Զѣʱɫһ죬ݺݵľһĶ䡣
Ŷһ̵ˣǱӴܵӣŮʱЦıһš
æһһҹһֱڸ߶Ƚ䱸֮У»ص˼Էˣϴ˸裬ڷڴһ磬ڻָ˾״̬
Ůȥ˲ˣһٷʢĴͣףԲ񣬰ȫ
ڼ㲻ͣļв˸ԣһĹѾ˸ָĲȡ
㣬Բ˿ɲָĵԪ
߸¡һѲˣ¿ˮ
һ㣬кôԣ
Це˵
ٺ٣ʵһַԿٻָĵԪ
ͻȻصһЦ˲˵
ʲô
ҶϦһʱˣԪɲ֮ѻָ¾ȻзԻָԪȻ
ٺ٣Źϻ󱯸
һЦ
ֹôû˵
ҶϦʱüͷһ˼˰Ҳ벻ʲô书
ٺ٣һ̩ͨ˫֮ﵽ޸Ԫһֹ
üң΢һ
Ϧ书ʱͰϣ˾ͲúԪˣⲻͦõ
һԵضʱ˵˵
ޣҲŲҪʲôϻ󱯸أ
ҶϦһڣͷһͳԲˡ
ۣ
ҲЦĲ˶˳
ôˣô
ŮǸ飬ضʱеʵƺҶһ˱ڹӡ


151 ﱸӰƬ
أ治Ǽٲ
㺬Цʵ
Ĳʲô˼ѽ
һżӡ
ռǱأ˵ʲôϻ󱯸ʵŮʲô֪˰ɣ
Ҳ̲סˣһЦ
ᣡ
Ҳ˹ʱһۣͷȥߺ
˵⻰ҿɲͬⰡôܽռأ书İֲҺǣ书ΪٶȻܿأ
ʱ
ⲻаҿ˵ֲǲ书󶼲ʲô³ҪԷųȫԼɲʲô书ǧȥ
ҶϦʱüͷͻȻе㵣ΪѸ٣Ϊа书
ɲʲôа˵Щͳ˫޹˫޿˳ءж֮컯Ч
΢Ц˵Ǽʶ˫޹һɾ£ȻΪ֮ȴ¼ֲܣν൱ľˡ
ǴҶֹΪԿپ
ó˵ٻҶϦʱɻʵ
ȻУĻ͸ֱˣֹкܶƵģҪһһҪӡܴﵽΪĳ̶ȡ
ҡҡͷҲƵĹǶǽƫ棬㲻ͳ˵ˣܲܽڶǸ⡣
ȻĲɲħûУЩĹֻҪĶ¯㹻ʶǱʡ
飬ǷΥ£ֻʶԵǷ㹻
书𣿡
ҶϦ˼һͻȻʵ
ȻˣҪǻĻͽѽ
ҡͷЦ
Ůʱɫһ죬İһۡ
;⡰족нˣѵÿڿŵӣһ¹ʱ£ʱֻͻȻȻҦ˵ĵ绰
ιǣôѽ
绰Цʵ
ǵӰǰ㣬һ˭ппվ͵һˣӰǰ׼ѾɵĲˣ׼ġ
绰ͷҦ˺ż˵õϢ֪ѾعⲻϾæ绰ˡ
ǵһϣúõ˾Īȥᣬûļʱ˵ӰĿģ鶼ҪΪȡ
ڰаɣϹȥһˡ
Ҷ˵绰߽˳ŮϴϴŪŪʰղųʣķˡ
ҦȥһˣǳﱸǲӰҪˡ
æµŮǸղŵ˵һ顣
ôҪ׼Ļͦ
㾪ȵ˵
ǩˣҾǵһõǩˣ
ҶϦһЦգգ۵
ҪʲôǩֻҪԸ⣬˶ģ
һЦһİۡ

ط·Կף뿪˻Է
ܾûԼͺˣرиУ׻Լĳʮӵʱ䣬Ѿչ˾¥£ҦһȺ˾Ȼ¥ϣǶ¥¡
ּܶ߶ΧǵܣƲϵԭǾԱٿһ򵥵ķᡣ
ҦС㣬ΪʲôӰһŲ
һּʵ
ǵһڸ·ϣϾͻᵽġ
Ҧ΢΢һЦص
˵εǣȦˣʲôԭʹѡһȦⲿӰأ
һּʵ
ʱ͸¶Ϊ;籾ĴйأΪʺϵѡ
Ҧû˵һŸ˻ش
ʱͺյ˹˾¥£Щּ߸˾ô᲻ʶͺĺʱЩĲб飬еѾ˽Ƕȡ
һ³ӭľһλεĴ۵ƹ⣬ʱһ
ԤڵģӰһѾֳִʲôʣֻӵʱ䣬ΪǻҪȥƬһˡ
Ƭ΢΢һЦֽһ
˵㻹Ƕѧѧ㾿λһκҦСһӰ᣿
·мʵ
ҶѾһ˽⣬ҵȷһѧҲΪһżȻھƵ˵ݺƬˣȻҦСҲڳ
ǸᣬһᾡȫȥݣȡĳôҶĵӰ
ͷ΢ЦһֹʽӦԣڵϼܶ࣬ڲѧˡ
㻹Ǹѧȴܿͺǧ򼶺Ǹ𣿡
һһӰ˸Ӵ򲻵һ⡣
ȷе˵ǸһΪһǮԼġ
ҡҡͷЦŻص
˵һ£ھʲô𣿡
׷ʵ
ˡҲ͸¶
òľܾ˻ش
ָžһƬ׼Ĳ֮ѾȥĸСʱʱҲʮˣҲɢ˸ԻȥϢ
Ҹط
Ҳ׼ȥʱҦһɫְӺ˹
УȥĿɡ
ͷһЦϳֱ뿪Ƭ
ҦСƺǸеͦӣǵɣ
ƬһԱſߵͺգɻʵ
˭֪أ˼ҿͺգ϶򵥣ǻǲҪµĺá
һ˼ʰŵϵĶͷҲ̧ػص
ǰͿҦһ䣬ĵȡ
ȥŦԼʲôҪɣҿߵôкû򡣡
űĿȣҦʵ
Ӧ֪˵ʲôɣ
΢΢һЦҦϵ飬յʲôӡ
Ҳֻ֪࣬ŦԼŴһܣ˵֡
ҦһЦ
ҷҦһͦصģЩǶյϢ
ʱ˵
ҦҿĹŶҪСǣǼ档
Ҧ˵һЦ
ѹ֣ԭǱǵˡ
ʱȻ򣬡ȥŦԼҪǱҽʲǨƣ˵ᵱֲ뿪ǲŻȥһѣƵĽˡ
ң֪ǷͬСɣþͻҪǵİ뿪ᡣ
ҦȴǴĿһۡ
ô˵
֮
Ȼʱж̣ûЩʱ䳤ǵʵȴ˿ǵʱ򣬲˺üҸ߼ҵ
˿ڿȣҦ˹˵һ壬ô벻ֱأҲ㵽ҵʱ򣬳˱ŵĸ⣬ıڶֻͨ˰ɣ
ʱüͷ΢壬Ҧôһ˵ֻôһ壬Ȼû޵һĸ֣̫ˣ


152 
ô˵Ĳɣ
һ˼ı飬Ҧ˶ʱ΢΢һЦ
ôһ˵ҷֻȷʵе֡
˵ͷ
ڶսڼ䣬ᣬǼĺģȴŷޣ֮ڣҵүӿһ൱Զˡ
Ҧ˷˱ӣԴ˵֪һʵǿļ廤ӣ֧һֱŷû뿪
ʲô滪ܵϮ֧ӾȻȥ֧ԮȻŷޣ
üͷ΢壬ļװҪʲôܱá
˵ŷޣԶȼİȫҪĶҪȥػ
Ҧζ˵
飬Щ𣿡
ɵʵ
ЩĺļֻҪǻڣҾӵ޵ĿܣǶɽ𣬶ʲô£һ˵˵ĵλٸߣҲ޵ģĴвǹؼ
ҦصһЦֻҪӵ˴Уһһʱû䣬ҲٶѾ˳ΪִмǱʡ
֪ķĴ𣿡
ʵ
ĲǺ֪ͿƼйأǹ䷽ĴС
Ҧ˺ܿ϶ػص
ƼǵȷпܣĴҪͻۣȻƴ󣬵ǱϾǳ˿ǵ̣ҲֻпƼˡ
΢һ룬ҲͰеĹؼͨˡ
κЩǽ֣оô
ҦЦת˻⡣
Уǰڵʵ֮ͨϣܣֻҪһʱʵͻ׾ٵͻͽһ֮ԶԶϲϵġ
˿ڿȣǵʵᱻ˦ԽԽԶ֮𽥵󡣡
ҵûкֻ߽֣˵ǵʵ򵥣Ҳǧٹ֣öԸϵʱܵģ﷭
ҦΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ȷҾһս񶷷ǳܸ֣ܿŤȫĹؽڣ޷Ԥ⣬ʤʲɡ
Ц˵
ô
ҦЩţѾ΢۷壬Ҫż
ȻĻҪҲп⡣
ĵ˵ͷ
ܵõôߵۣ˵ȷǺˣ
Ҧ˻˵ʵ֪ģûв͸ǽοھҦҵˡ
һ̸̸籾еһЩ飬Ҧͻ˾Ƶ꣬ԼҲ˼С
ûҹѽ
߽ڰĿһʹɳ˹ԭҶϦû¥ȥ˯ϥɳǰĵ̺ϴ
ôط䣿
΢΢һЦߵɳ
˯ˣҾ͵ˣʵôǿҶ˦ԽԽԶˣٲŬҪ˦ʮǧˡ
ҶϦ۾С˵
һŮӣҪôǿʵʲô
Ȥʵһɳ˵̺ϣҶϦһ
֮˲Ϊ׷۷֮ôȻʲôѵǿ尡
ҶϦһۡ
ɵúúõŬˣ棬ɹɲС
ЦҶϦͷ
ᣡҪŪ˼ҵͷ
ҶϦᴷһֱۣʵΪô죬ûʲôؾ
ҵؾ츳ߣһţ
һ˵
ȥأ
ҶϦĹĵ˵
ҪĻǳ֮ԺŬκγݾΪΪ谭һħϡ
΢΢һЦҶϦСԴźڰ˫ۣͻȻһѾ˹ȥĶͷһǡ
ú취ҵİ취ֻǸΪҪǿԼɱ˶ķˡ
ֵһҶϦţЦطȥˡ
ʵǿһȻѵˣҿǰأ˲֪á
ҶϦһ壬Ļ˻СȭͷĿ붨˹
ص󣬲ûпʼﾲ˼ڶŮ˵ӰһһԺҶϦͼ⣬ûһ书
ҪǶܳõߵĻ书ǾԲеģʱһʮʮǺ׾ػȥտήǸʱ򣬿ԼԸ
ǽӴʱ䳤ˣҲͿˣҶϦͼ⣬ļŮʺ䣬ҵۣҲûл۸
ҪǰʵС鷳Ǿ֮ͰˣԽǵľᵽԪӤϣڣһȴǱ鷳ޱȡ
ԺĹ鵤ҩϧÿһֶܹƵģ˵ƣ϶֪ȥҡ
ε̾˿Դȣ׼ͣһʱһصĵҩͻȻԺ
裡
ֵҩʵϲͳϵĵҩɷ֮Ƴģһħڷķ֧ר޲ɲħǷġ
ҪĿľΪͨҲѧڵľǲɲ֮á
ɣĴʱһϽħڵķֲõĶ䷽ڵʱ˵ֵҩȻû˿ôȴ˴ó
һ䷽̴˵ԣʼ˸ҩĵϢϵĶԱҩ֮ʣͼõеҩģһ䷽
һҹʱȥˣҪ䷽ֻҵֶѣдҩ޷ҵ֮û٣ϵҩϾ죬ǲûϤˡ
ʱԺ͸ֳ˵Ӱ
һӰҦˣҦһоԶĹң϶ӵڶĵ伮˵֪Щҩҩҵ
ڶǼҵıҲܲ򵥣Ӽһ书ͿԿˣ̾ǿҦҵĴڣпܺͳҦҲһ
ڵˣʫˣѧϰҽҩĵҲԶˣ˵ҲܰһЩæ
뵽̴һĵҪĸҩԵҩĶһݣȻֱͨʼŮǰæѰһ
ȴ绰ˣǼ
ҪЩʲô
Ͳ쳣ѣҲһҹû˯
ҪһҩǺܶҩԵҩҲʵ֮Ǳ߰æܲ취ҵһЩϡ
΢һ
ҩҩɲܺҵãһãпĲʲôҩǾ綾֮
æһ䣬ҩˣҩСȥӣԹǲʤö١


153 
İɣġ
΢΢һЦӿһů⡣
Ǻðɣһؼ﷭飬˵ҵһЩˣôôöûѧУ
ʵ
ǰʱһˣŻģߵżһЩûü˵һ
ЩǸ˵
ûϵԼҪעⰲȫ
ûж˵ʲôԸ񱾾䣬ҪģҲĬĬķϱֳ
ֽ֮ӵʫϺҦ˵ĵ绰һŮҪʲô׷ױʾȥռⷽϣȻϲѣŮİҩľԵ׶ˡ
ŵһҹҲЩƣĸо򿪷ţҶϦѾڿˣǻطȥˣһԺĴһ̫ȭ
һʼȭл֮ģϾǧ˵̫棬ʹļʶҲǲôŵġ
Դӿ½Uصһ̫ʮʽؼ뷨ͳ׵תˡ
ֻǴԵĿһ飬ͱ̫ȭסˣḻޱȵ飬Ȼ֪˵һУǿͨɵģܿ϶дⱾؼˣһѾ־硣
ⱾؼˣȴǷһССĴǾԼѾﵽ˷豹ľ磬дؼޣһ֮˸Ϳؼеݡ
ʶǳһЩˣܻΪⱾؼȫں
̫ȭڻģȫضӵмΪȻûʲô̫ȭֳֹǴ̫ȭλʦȴʵʵڵľ֡
ؼг˶һЩ⣬صֻм򵥵ʮʽԲŽ̫ʮʽ
ӵһʽ˷ŽһʽƼ򵥵ʮƣȴ̫ʦһ⣬ԽԽ壬ҲԽԽϧ
һʽͿԿ϶̫ȭˣѾ˽ڵıԵΪϵʵ̫ϡһͻڣ
뵽ʱ겻ѣȫû뵽һССĵ֮ϣȻôľž֮ǴطǸˣ̫ȭʦ
ǼѾﵽľ磬ȴΪ󻷾ƣʵܰٳ߸ͷһεԪľ˹Բõһ
ܳ磬һͼǣôп϶ֻʵǿľ֡
̫ȭҪ֮˱ﵽͨľ磬ƾ޷ᵽ̫ȭľ塣
ɴ˿̫ȭ֣Ҳ书Ѿ۷֮ʱ򣬲ڻټ⾪̫֮ʮʽ
ھͨľ绹࣬ڵضţҲҪζҲûдͨȫκһطͷų
֮˲ֻͬϵľ磬ͳԽ˲֪ٱ̫ȭľ岢ûʲôѵĵط
һȫ̫ʮʽֻûϢͨһƬĳ˿ƽڵȴҶϦ֪ʲôʱſڵ̨ϡ
ʲôȭ
չͣҶϦʵ
ղŴ̫ȭ
΢΢һЦ
̫ȭǻô
ҶϦһֵӣǿղ˹ӣȴһŸ֮ѧ
Ƕ˵ѣҪ̫ȭȾ͵õͨľ磬ܶһ޷磬ִӺ̸֮˵أ
΢΢ҡҡͷЦ˵
ѵѾ˰ͨľ磿
ҶϦʱȵĵɴ˫ۣѾʮָľ磬ÿһͨĸ֣ʵɲ⡣
ȻûУҵԱȽϸߣѾһЩ̫ȭİ壬ǰԵһʱΪٶҲӿ١
ȻʧЦ
𣿿Խ̽𣿡
ҶϦʱ۷Źվ
ȻˣѧĻҿʱѽھͽһЩļӺе·ɣȻܷӳ̫ȭǳõҲǺкôġ
ҶϦǰԺںüǣϸĽ̫ʮʽҪ㽲һߣͬʱϵĽҶϦдĵط
糿ܶ˿ʼϰ࣬·ʱֵĿһֵˣľȻ֪ܳʲôӣټ˼Ҳûô⣬һ۾뿪ˡ
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ͬʱһԶťҦ˵αͬʱҲһͬ
ѽ˼ĺúõأ
Ҧ˲һժ˶ĸ߱
꣡˽ٻ
˸ơ
ʲô˽ٻ
Ҧ˶ʱһ㶣ҲڿЦ˭Ҳеû»ʱҽ
ţﴫǹ졣
˵ͷ΢Ķһ£꣬ˣ
䣬ͷȲյžͱ˴ˣͷźɫͷ׵˽϶Ŷһ΢ɨһͷȲˣ뿪ˡ
һ˰΢˱󣬴γһϸǹ
ѹ
űߵĹ㲥ͲͻȻһŵ˯ľԱæͷô¡
һȻϴǹ˶ſڣʱȫһʧӡ
Ȼ˲ֽٷ˺;춷ǶµŶΣٽٷ˵ʱûһ˻ܱĵƽȻҦ⡣
ȻҲһľţȴװģò˵˵ݼʵ̫ˡ
Һãûʲô⣬˷ɻֻΪһˣѾҵˣֻҪԼλϣĿĵغȻûʲôˡ
ٷûͲ˵һ飬ûʲôӦʱִһ䣺֪Ƕ𣿣
ףף
ˣ
һæĻش˵ˣٷһͷһǹǿɾͿˡ
ܺãֻҪϣұ֤ǲһͷ˭ҪӢۣǹӢ壬ֻںƬʵУǲܷģ
ٷ˻˻ǹв˵
磬ǣǹ𣿡
ʱһССͻȻ˳˵֮
˿һģ۾ֱֱĶŽٷǹ
һ˶ʱ޲һӽιȥⶼôʱˣע˼ҵǹǲǹӽˮˣ
ٺ٣Сӣ⵱ȻǹˣҪҪԣһӵ
ٷͷһᣬȤĿһۣǹʱָԴǹŵ⡣
磬ˣǾ飬ĵӰģƽʱ˺ܶߣǹҲùǹǵһμЩ棬
æ˫֣һֺõЦݡ
Ҧϼʱһ鴤ѾЦˣʵжǿ֪һٷ˱˵ǹǿŻڣҲĶ֡
ʱȻϷ˽ٷˣ֪ʲô⣬Ҧ˵ĸûαߣٷ˿һ鶯ļѾЦˡ
úĵӰ˵ʲôʱ򻹻ȥӰԺһ£һĴ㹱һƱ
ٷ˶̴ٵһЦҡҡͷ׼뿪
磬߰Ҷǹоģֻһֱ֪ǹʲô·𣿡
ֽʱѾ޲һǹɵСӣû¸ɣȻ˼ǹһͨϰգǹʲô
ҦѾﲻסˣϽסͣһĳ·æסҦ˵֣ҵ
Сӣǹɲ棡
ٷתͷһͳ˵
ٺ٣磬ҿǹеԣǿ¶ɣȫһֻʮѣͳһʹľʵǹУÿһѵĵ϶бŵġ
۾һŹ⡣
Ӵǣû뵽Сӻ涮ѱ07Ƿ˺ôľŪֵġ
ٷ˾Ľһ
ۣ氡
ϲĽһüͷһ壬磬¶Ȼͦģսʱûʲôƣ̫ˣӦUSP֮İԶǹһɣ


158 Ŀ
СӻͦģҾϲ֣ǿ¶ǹǸ˰ã˵ˣ΢壬ʲôǹ
ٷ˱ӵĿһۣ漴ѿ¶ز䣬ˣСӱϻˣԹԵȽɣ
ȻɵСʽһԻٷ˶ͷȲյѾûʲôˣת׼صա
ڽٷתһɲǣһαѾ˵˽ٷ˵һֵ˽ٷ˵Ĳϣһ̷ֻŽٷ˵ӣ˱ϵĿճϢڡ
һ֮ľٶþ˼
ʲôûĻֻҪϣ˾Ϳȥˣʱʲôң
ݾֵĵٶẦˡ
ݣǵĻһǲسŵô죿
ͷȻһЦﻹиղǸɵӣ
ⷬǰѵסˣʵҲȷˣǵСڱ˵ٷ˲سŵأֻܹԹԵ¾˵ķ䡣
ĹܶӰЩŶҲؼʱ̻ǵԾȣǶֻͨ˶ѣȫָӰһͻȻ䳬˸壬ܸ·ͽ
ڸô죿Ƿɻϣ㱨Ҳûʲôã˵ŭ˶Է̾ͻɱ֡
ݳĬһſʵ
İɣǾʣͽˡ
ҲûָЩܰʲôæٷ˺ٷϵȫ˸ӣѽٷ˽ʵʵ
˽ٷ˵£ִǸͷףҲûǣ΢屳ǰѿ¶Ҳǹһ䣬߳ճϢҵʱѾһٷ˵ӡ
Ƕã
΢΢̼̾ͱˣղŵǸٷȻʮƣټ࣬ȥѾǸٷһģһˡ
ճϢڵ˲ͻȻð˵һ仰һΪٷˣʱŵöɫ
ҲҪţֻԸղŵ񡣡
˾ʧӣʱԭ
Ǳˣ
ؿڣһĴ˶ʱҲ̱ϣڼô˼Σһ˻濸ס
׼ٷȥ
Ҧһ㶼ûкµɫϣͷ¶αʵ
ȻǻȥˣҺЩֲ죬׾¶ˣֻȥǵмˣȻƷǵŷɻ䣬ʱ򽻸ˡ
ҡҡͷֶһ䣺Ǿʹܣȥȥ
ʲôҿһ㶼µӡ
һŬƽ˽ŵ飬תͷҦʵ
ѽͲһЩϵܸžѵɣҿĶģղһӾͰٷ˻ˡ
ҦȻǲʵʵ˵ģֻ˸ں
ǰǰղǸֵ̫˧ˣԭĿ԰˻谡һһֱΪǵӰЧأ
ԶŮӶʱզզĽһ˷ܵӡ
ϾǵӰľ飬Ȼʵˣôܲ˷ܣĽŸʧ֮ʣµֻ޵Ĵ̼ˡ
꣡С㣡ѽٷ𣿡
̻ͷݺݵĵǼŮһۣЩСҲʲôʱ򣬻Ǳ߷գҲǲġ
ôһףŮ̲֨ˣִյһССĿʼ
ϣรɣɲҪǿͷĴǰ;ŸոտʼأɲҪʱӢŰ
ݰ̾һ
ģҶģһƷЩٷ˵ģ
Ҧϣ΢΢һЦ
Ը˰ɣǾ˵ɾȫˣ
ʱ򣬵Ҳûʲô취ˣֻܰϣϡ
ôţͻȻһΣǽٷ˻Ƕֻϣǵϣû˿İ취ȥƿˣʱ˿̣ͻȻ̵ᵽЩʵ顣
ɲݳĸͬܣûʲôĸ̹ˡ
ô룬ɹܲô࣬ҪľǿЩٷ˵мˣһսŵһѪζ
űϲԶһѪһǹһǹֻǴļͷǽٷΪĳ˿ͣǹѵһͷ֮ˡ
Ǳûʲôɣ
ղǸ΢Ľٷ˻ͷһ
Ѿ㶨ˣǱһϷľ飬ǣһͶʵˡ
ģ֮ǰǸص
ܺã⣬ǿð˺ܴķա
˵˵ͷعͷȥһһٷѾλ˶ϵһԣΨһͨŮˣŶʮӣĢͷһڿ۾
С㣬ûʲô⣬Ҳ˺㣬֮ôµҵ㣬ֻϣְְǵĶǣзЩץֵܡ
Ǹٷһߣ˹˵
Ҿǵ̴ˣҺûʲôϵҪвĻӦȥץСӣʲôãԴѾûϵˡ
۾Ťͷ˴⡣
ٺ٣Ǿ֪񲢲ôһ°ɣǺܹ㰡ÿ¶ʱĸŮǮô˵ûϵأ⻰ˣǻĵģ
ٷһЦ
ӦøģѣϾѾûйֻڼһһ졣
ͻȻŤͷ˵
ԭ벻Ǻİ㿷֮ޣǶСľͬ顣
ٷ˼ʵĸпһǻҪСæֻɣ
Žٷ֣غһӰͳֻһ˽ٷ˵׳
ٺ٣İɣֻҪСϣǲһë
ٷЦһصֻһ롣
أôҴ绰ˣ
֮󣬶洫һͳ
ǲ˼һŮֻ
ٷЦ˵
˭
ԳĬһ£ʵ
ҹ͹񣬹Ȼǹ˶£ǰʡ۾֯жУɻһǵĻץʮֵܽȥ
ٷһ˵ҲûʲôֵҪ󣬹黹ǵֵܣŮȻᰲȻĻؼҡ
Ӧ֪ǲܵģô飬涼ģôһ仰ͷǣ
Ͳͷ붼;ܾˡ
ѽѽҿɹܲţҪ취㣬ҪĻɲֹŮһˣзɻٶ˿أ㲻ʬɣ
ٷյһЦǿӲ


159 ɻҲѿ
ٷ˵Ļжʱһû뵽Ůǵ⣬һܷɻԼٶ˿ͱһٳˡ
칫ϵĵ绰һ̺ţû˵һһӵʱ䣬̾ͼȽ˰칫ңŵĿʼ
ܿ죬һĴָʾѾֻźţϿʼԶһźڵλãһĹǾȷһҶյĺ࣬ԭĿĵǾʻ
˺鷳Ҫһʱ䣬һ仰üǱ߷ˣԲȰŪ˵
֪Ѿʼ˼أʱ䡣
ǿɵȲ˶ãǲһֱģӣֻӵʱ䣬ӺòһĴ𰸣ôֻ˵Ǹˣ
ٷ˵겻ͷشֱӹҶ˵绰
ȥûԭƻȽ
ֻӸأٷֱӶǰ˵
ȥɣ˳ϸ
˵ͷȥĽٷ˱˿ճϢңһ˿ɾ鷳ˡ
ţ㡣
˵˵ͷյĳ˿͡
ƿͷȲյţ߽ȥͷȲһƬѻȸ˶ŵĶΪٷ˶Ĳ࣬Ҳֱ治ĸ
ҲҪţһˣȥʻһˣЩٷҪʹȥͻк
˵ͷֱӴͷȲȥ˼ʻա
һʻգû˵͸ʱһعͷ⸱װ磬û˿ľ֮⣬һЦ
ô߶㶨˰ɣ
תͷȥŪ˼ʻϵǱͰťЦ˵
ţ㶨ˣǱҹ֪ͨһҪԤĿĵȽ
ͻȻת䣬һ£ô˽ٷ˵ˣ
ϴ֣ı仯Ҳһת˳Žٷ˵Ļ˵
ھҪԤʱҪ˼ӣҲνڱҲС
˵ͷڼʻϲ趨һĿλã˶Ѳ
ȵһжˣͻȻֵ֣ͻĿǰɻڶѲ״̬ҲҪ˼ʻ
˶һһͷȲڣӽ˿ճϢС
ף㲻ȥ֪ͨôˣǷɻ˭
Ҧɻվ
˲֪ǵͬǱٷ˵ðˣ϶Ǻöղſҽȥһ㾪ȵı鶼ûУҺ㶨ûС
ҡҡͷڷɻĿĵѾıˣʱǶѲ״̬ò˼ʻȥʣµǼ˶ˣȻٻʰ⼸ˡ
΢һַգߵǸվŸĽٷһļǱѾ֪ͨˣںѾıˡ
˻ͷһۣ˵ȴһ飬Ȼ춼ŲˣˣκβλҲˣֻĵķŭ;ȡ
ղļһ£ѾסϵļѨȫ޷ġ
ֲźۼĽٷ˵ͷǰرϵĽٷ˹ȥ̧ͷһۣ˵ȴǰһĨѾʧȥ֪
ԭߵ˸ʱֱִ轣һĴ˽ٷ˵·ǰļѨ㣬ֱӷʹ˹ȥ
ֻν轣齣ٶ̫죬ȫһǳɣԴʲôû壬ֻǰһ˾Ѿʧȥ֪
⣬˿Ͳûзٷ˵쳣˶ԹԵĴԼλϣҳĴҿˣϾǰ滹һٷ˿ǡ
꣡
رһƣŲ˿ûֱͣ˺ľòգھòڣҲٷڿس˿ͣŴĻᣬ˲Ʒˡ
˿Ƕͻı仯ˣ֪ΪʲôٷΪʲôҪɱ
ҲҪ£ͷȲյĳ˿ͣղż˽ٻͳƷ˼ˣҪȥĻֿȲҪֹ滹нٷ˵ͬ
ͷףһֳ˿˵һ֣Ļ˹ȥ
ûĽٷˣмѾ˴˿ӵĴСٷǺп֮ǰǲЩ˷ɻ˳װϺٳ˷ɻлȳ߹ϣ㲢ѡ
ȻѾûнٷˣҲϵףϹϵһӣ׺ǹе˽ȥǰѿ¶û£Ǽ䡣
ߣֽٷ˵װһţ˼ӵĹٷȫһϵҲǸ
صյʱֿѪˣȻϵǹ˲ʱˣǳѪҲ˺һˡ
˵ߣļ㼸£ס˿ڸеѪܣʱֹס˳Ѫϡ
ٷôῪǹ㣿
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һؾαݼٻȥźӣû뵽Щ˽ٻҾ׼Żǣû뵽ʧˡ
ӿһż˿ڣ˵
̫嶯ˣǿǹģ㲻Ӧüų֣һ˵˿ͣҲ̫ǲǣ
ҡҡͷ
˵öԣղǷǣְҵϰ˰ɣΥ飬ȥֹ
һЦ
ˣȱ˵ĴţʣҪ̫ˣȥѷɻ䡣
תͷ׼ߣصֻͻȻʱתͷһۡ
תͷ˹ظɴҲӵ绰һ죬һҪѵ绰˼
ʱһڰǰֵܴȥҽԺ죬Ǿ;Լ˾ȳȥɣ
ս˵绰Ǳ߾ʹ
ǰɣٷѾƷˡ
΢΢һЦص
ʲôٷѾƷˣ̫ˣ
̸˵վ칫ҲϲĻһۣû뵽ɻϾȻôѾƷеķͽ
һ⣬ܷɻʻ֪Ǳٷ˵˶ˣǸɴǽٷ˵ͬ֮û˿ɻɻ֮ǰѾĿĵأĿǰڶѲ
µ˵һ
ϵʻ̨Ǳûʲô취
һ˼̻ص
һս㣬һص˼ʻڣսİ£ϵ˾ʻ̨
Ǿʻشش𣡡
ͲﴫһԱ̰Ŀǰ˵һߣǱ֪Ժϲѯϣܷɻͺ֮һʻĻ
DH9415źϵãذ˵Ĳһһϸ̵˵ȥɻһ԰ȫĵִﾩʻ
֮ǰһʵͲţҲûзŻڵĲ裬һĸ˷ɻĿĵء
ĺܺãDH9415ĿĵѾУԤʮӺִﾩϿգʮ߷ֺʼ䣬ʱһٸνн
Ĳһʱֹͣϵ


160 ľ
ʮӺھʻɳĻָ£˳Ĳٿطɻܵϡ
ʱרڳDH9415źཱུܵϣѾͣʮؾɻһ䣬ؾǾȫװĳ˷ɻѺЩѾƷĽٷˡ
ͷβЩٷ˶֪˭ǣΪǸû
Щؾѯ֪ĳ˿֮ʱ˿Ƿ׷һòؾȴڷɻѾ˵Ӱˡ
ԭڸսʱ򣬾Ѿڳ˿˷ɻ˸֮ˣ֣ܹЩؾע⣬׾پͿġ
ô磿
ϣپƵĸ߼׷ڣҦ˻һ˿֯˯£˸ȤĿɳϵڰŪһǹ
ܲﰡɻϿǺö˶ҵˣҪǱЩסⲻҪȥ¼ڹǲ֪Ҷ⾯п־֢뵽ҪȥҾͺ¡
˵⻰ʱԺϣӰǲһ˿΢Ц
϶ǰ˻£ץȥɣ
ҦѵЬӣ˫ϣǹ͵˳֪˿ɲá
ǹȫһʮѣ֪ЩôŪģǺϡĶ
һֽϸĲǹǹľǹУһֱС
ʵòŴǹ˰ɣ
ҦƲƲ
ȻǲõģǹҲ̫ˣ̫㣬ҿղذ
ŤͷһЦİ˰Ŀ¶ء
ôϲЩǹھǳ̫ûˡ
Ҧ˴˸ǷȤ˵
ǹû˼Ļ㿴Σ
һЦһ飬һĽ轣̳ʣֱĽŴ͸⣬ȫͣӨ
ƯĽ
ҦʱðСǣ轣Ĺʵ̫ˣŮЩĶûеֿ
һӹ轣Ĵȥûǰֱˡ
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ȤĽҦϸĹ轣Ľ
ǵģصȥҵڴҲ̫ˣԲ䣬Ǻʺϴųš
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ʹҪرļɣ𣿡
Ҧ˽ŽɵĿһۡ
һЦûлشҦ˵ĻתͷĴһۣǽǵһ辰˹ֲһֱ۴ϸС
ӹҦ裬һӣǿ̶˿м䱻һضʮֳľͷ
ˣɲҪգŶ
䣬һ轣̻һ⣬Ǹľͷֻľͷڿвϵϸľмʱ׷Ʈ¡
ƣԼӺˢһ½ƤУֽס˿еľͷ
ʱľͷͲǸղǸˣ̳һΩΩФ
Ʈɵǣ趯˿ÿһϸڶĥǡôǳ̬ʱһ˵ʿ̻쾫¡
⣬ⲻԪô
ӹĵҦ˶ʱЩˡ
Ԫ֮ǰݵһ񻰾еǣɫˣԼˡ
˿̾Լ񣬶ɵı͸¶֮𺳣ֱ񣬾ȻΪģ̳ġ
Ԫ룬Ҿɫڹ͵ĺܺãҺϲ
Цһǰӣɨ֮£ʱϵľмȫһһţȫͽ˲輸ϵͰڡ
Ҧ˿ĵ񣬴ʱѾ˵ϣһ̳ǺεȾ˵Ŀ书ϵĻֱɱ񣬷ɱ
ʱѾ˲ЩˣԺصŵȫղ˵Ļ
ϲԪɫ𣿡
ճյĦĵҦСʵ
ţɫǳãֽ̻ľ֣֮ʮ㣬ĺϲ
˵ͷΪⲿӾ񻰾磬ԸĹϾԭʵҲһˣһɣǾˡ
๫ȥ·;ܹ๫ǧҪˣŮڶ࣬๫Ѱ˱ǣްԹԡ
еĵҦͻȻ˾еһ̨ʣԪ뱻ͥٻأò뿪ʱ򣬸๫˵һ仰
̨ʵʱҦ˵ͻ䣬ƺٶȻص˾Ǹһ̴ֳɢ˳
ǰһΣɳϵҦƺԪ룬ֲò뿪˵֮鱻ֵ쾡¡

ָҦںڵĳȻƺҲصУһλ䷲ľŮ
ҦҲĿ˲֪УԽԽ˶ܸܵԷȵĺ
ڣҦ˽޵ĺ촽
һִûйĸоϮҦ˵ͷ΢΢һеĵʱ䵽ɳϡ
ȡţӽ޵ĺ촽ǵ΢յ˫ۣǵԲĶѩ׵ĲҲûŹһһڵţ˯µŦڲ֪б⿪˴롣
ѾʵǶԸʵɽ壬ס˷嶥͹֮ʱҦ˵һͻȻ˹
Ԥ׵ľѣֻɲǼ䣬Ѿȫָѵ״̬
ǰ¶ĴƬɫӰֵĸɽ壬΢΢һЦͻȻƤ͹ҧһ¡

Ҧ˶ʱһ˫۴ĿһͻȻ˹϶ʱҪѪæҵĳ·Ҳɳһǡ
Ժ˸ղ˵һĻҦ˶ʱͷǰ
ҡͷһЦָһҦ˵ͷû뵽ٶŵҦȫһʱѾǸӵ΢ʵĸˣһСŮǰ¶˺ߵ̬
ȣⲿϷûʲôǱȽ˷ܵϷݣ
һ֪Ҧ˺ܺߣתһ⣬뵽һڣȻ⡣
Ҧ˲شֻһҡԴ
ŶûаʲôûϷ
Цһʵ
Ҧҡ˼ͷͻȻסһ£ĵ˵ͷ
ԭϷѽ̫ˣҾøղϵĲأϷӦҲNGİɣ
΢΢һЦ
ˣ
ҦͷҲ̧С˵۵С͵͵ĵһ¡
һ׽ͽҦ˷ԲСģҦĳҲûܳȥʱ̧ͷåſ˼ҵĽţ
ƯСѾһûôƯأ
еСѾ̧ǰϸĹĦһ
å
Ҧ˻ŸճڣѾڷ۵Ľűһ£ʱһ˶Ƕסһ㡣


161 
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һ·۵Ľű·ζ˵˶һʮӡ
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ֻһ£Ѿ޳ܵˮƽҦɳĽ䣬϶ɢһɾ˵ȫȼһ㣬һĵʱƮ˳
Ҧ˵ĽţϸȷŵԼ䣬ǰһ㣬˶Ѿ˹ȥ
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Ҫһƴ˵ϣǸڿ϶Ѿʬ޴˰ɣ
뵽һĻΧ۵˲Ĵ˸һߵĶҲ鲻Խ¿ˮʮָмĿ˵ǰĽͶˡ
ǣ³ǽҪҶˡ


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ȻûжҲǷǳ֮ǿʱҸȷɣоѾ˹ȥ͵һ߿˷š
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˶ֵʱĨ䣬һէ˲ǰһĻֻ΢Ķһ͵˸ǰ
΢һе̻Ӱ˱ڵؿλã˳Ž͸룬Ѩ⣬̱˹ȥ
轣ķϴطһʹǳ뻯
㣡㲻Ҫ֪֪˭ھûܸҶң
ŵһֱӿϴּϣɫֵĿе
ͨ˵ǹѾǿǰһǹˣ˵·ʱŵû
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ظһ֮ǰĻһĨ֮Цݣһе裬˲˸Ѩλ͸룬׷ࡣ
Ȼûɱǽȴ˻ܣΪӽ쿪ʼѾһˣ˵ΰҲˡ
ȻӴʱǲ֪ģֻǱĶ͸Ĵʹŵ̱ڵأɶʱʪһƬһŵζ̴˳
üͷһ壬轣һֱӾס˴˵ֱۣ׷ˤһԵɳϡ
ӽϴּŰ֣˽ȥҦſԡױϣѾЩɢȻʱһ־״̬ˡ
һӣ֪ҩˣҲҩҩ֮͡
Ҫ֪Ҧ˿΢۷ȻΪԵʣսǷǳǿ󣬵ʱȳǿ̫ˡ
ΪĹȽ⣬ЩͽľˣܹԵ־ҩǲôġ


166 ⶾ
ʱһԵԡдˮһԵˮͷڲͣˮҦ˷֮̾ͼͨˮųθҩ
ҩ̫ңĻ޷Լѡͳ绰
¹صԡˮͷ΢һҦҵ·ڻ߳ϴּ䡣
뿪ʱɨһǸˣʱŵľƿҲɳ档
мһЦûǸˣӽҲǳ׵ķһʲôҽǻٻָԭӡ
ΪмҪ磬Ѿ׵ƻˣû޸Ŀܡ
Ҧ˴ϣپƵ꣬ľ˺ڷתҦ˻ˣæӭȥ
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չһϸ룬Դѧ˴طһ룬ϾڵΪܳʱʩչΪֶΡ
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֪ղź˼ҳȥ棬ô֪أ
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ңҲȥϴ裬Ȼһ˯ɣ
գգۣƿȥϴּ䡣
ᣬ˭Ҫһ˯һԼķȥ
Ҧ˶ʱߣ˱ѣСһͨͨ


167 Ѱ
ȵϴҦѾһ˯ӡ
һЦѵԡ˱ѣ˫ĴӱȥҦ˱˻ס֮ʱͻȻȫһ
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ˣˣˣϽ˯ɣ컹кܶϷҪأɲܱèۡ
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ػǽʵļ⣬ҦͻȻһİ΢΢̧ͷͷǰһĹͳ˯ȥˡ
˯Ҧˣһ̣¶һ˿΢Цһɢķ˿Ҳ˯˹ȥ

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ÿ˵һ䣬ѩɫԽĲ԰ףȵ˵֮Ѿûһ˿Ѫɫ
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ǰװߵһǾȡҸһĻᡣ
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168 ˳
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Ҫҳ㱳ǰˣǰҪһϷɹҾͲ׷ΣҲȥļˣĻ
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Աüͷ΢壬һ˼֮󣬶ʱȵĿ˶ӳһۡ
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ԱϻһЩɻͲţϾ˸ۿˣԼûĻǿ϶ŵġ
ӳ˵˵Щ
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һΣһеĻᣬӰǲ֪׸ߵΧǽֻһݾ͹ȥˡ
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׸߰ô
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ǰ֪ηЩôýӴģǿɶ൱Σյ񣬱׼ʱҲɢʱ򡣡
ӳŻһЩľԱ¶һ˿ЦݣЩ˸ǺԼˣҲֵЩˡ
ˣȥѾƵ굱ļ¼ְʱһ𽻸ǾˣȻˣҲͰ˼ʡ鷳
֮󣬼ֿһֳûʲôмֵϢҲ뿪˷䣬֮ʱ߾ƵʱֹͣװޣǸﲻҪκεı仯
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٣ǻˡ
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ţεİƲǽ֣Щ˹ˡ
ӳ˵ͷһСӷ˾ǰǷֳӵ


173 ͷϷ
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ǵģֳǺпܵ顣
˵ͷӳȷŵ˵
Ҫ鷳ЩˣǾɣҲȥϢһϵЩˡ
ƵպЩϣͷ˵
һȻǲ֪ģںҦܵ˱ľȥɷ磬ΪһЩϷ׼ûоĸ棬ĺǸˣһ졣
ϻصƵʱó˰ռϢž籾ϵڣһҲȥϴˡ
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Ҧԡ׼ϴּ䣬ͻȻʵüͷһһġ
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ҡͷһЦȻ˵ĹϵѾһٽ㣬ͻһ㴰ֽҲֵľ룬ҦЩߣû¾붺Ūһ
ڶһ磬ոսĴҦһ˹۾ְѲ˯Ĵ˳һĨߺ졣
ÿ˯ʱֶֻܲʵŪܾ࣬ò˯š
תȥƽ˯ݣҦ΢΢һЦ촽˹ȥûͷ۾Ѿ˿

Ҧ˱ôһţʱľһ
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΢΢һЦղŵһ˲䣬ҲҦ˵òһ£ѹϷʱ򣬻ô˶·ˡ
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ûϵҿ⡣
Цŵ˵ͷͳǸɫС˹ȥ
ٵ֤Щر𰡣֤Щ̫һأ
ӹ֤һЦ˵
ȷǲͬһȽĲţƽʱ참Ƚ٣ǵǲŵİӣһ㾯˵İӡ
Цǻ͸ζȴúüͷ
֪Ҫʲôӣ
ҦŸʵ
ȣҦСһ⣬ǰǲǺһŮȥһǼľƵꣿ
ҲҦʵ
Բ𣬸٣漰ҦСĸ˽ǿԲش𡣡
붼˵
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Ҧһ»Ҫ˵Щʲôĺ㣬ŸЦûϵģⲢʲô˵飬ҵȷǺһλŮȥ˾Ƶ꣬ʲô𣿡
ȻһҦС㣬ô뿪ǸƵģ
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⣬Ҧɫ䣬ȴǿһ£֪Ŀˣ϶Ǻϵйأǣ
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һԵĺҲɫ磬Ϊ֪Ҧ˴ģȻôʣ϶ʲôεĵطֻǲɫһԾš
ҵţΪʱҦС㿴ȷʧȥʶ
˱ʼǱԣһƵƵеĻһӱҦ뿪Ƶ¼񣬰һͣʱǸӵĲϡ
ˣҦСʶ𣿡
ָŻеӣƽעҦˣϸĹ۲ÿһ˿ı仯
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ҦһĻϵҡҡͷ
ʶΪλھƵķǿдҦС㣿
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Ҧһɻ
ҦС뿴μ¼񡣡
ּһƵĻӳȣžͻһڵĻ棬Ҳ˰صǼͷС
ЩҶ֪ʱѾ˹ȥ֪ΪʲôҪôҲ֪ΪʲôҪ뿪
ҦֿһۼصĻ棬ҡҡͷ
ʵӿǸ˵һ۵ʱ򣬾֪Ȼ񣬵ǾԲϴģҲȷȻġ
ϡŹֵˣһʶ˾ȻܵҦС㣬֪ҦСûܵʲô˺
˱ʼǱԡ
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ҲǺҵļֻкһȥ˵ƣ֮ļѹʱ򣬵ʱѾϣپƵԼķˡ
Ҧ˻ص鿴˿쳣
ͨ¼֣ʱһȥλŮѣλϰ嵽ʱѾһ뿪ˣҦС֪ȥ𣿡
һ⡣
ԲҺѩֻǶûͬѧƽʱûгϵҲ֪ȥ
Ҧ治֪ǹװġ
ûϵǻҵġ
΢΢һЦ˵Щʲôʱ򣬻ҵű˴ˣһ˽һߴԷΪҦˣҲʲô
ĵһۣ쾭飬һ۾ͽκͼƵӶԱһ־ȻʮֵǺϡ
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԰ʲôȥˣôôٶûһϰһ¾籾أ죬ֻ˯ˡ
һת̾Ͱ֪Ŀģʱװɻʵ
ûʲôǺȥ˵ƣ֪ΪʲôһİӰ˻Ѿǵڶˡ
Ҧ赭дĸһľ
鿴˵оڳ˫ɣûв廰˼ôĿˡ
̫ΣˣԺɲҪһ˵ܣһʲôô죿
ĵ˵
֪λǣ
ƺûû˵ӣ̲סʵ
Ŷ˸ٽˣǱӰһţ
Ҧ΢΢һЦ
ã١
ͷʾһ¡
һ£ǰ
۾΢Уʵ
ҳȥˣһúùĻ˾ϷݣǾҪᶫȥˣǶϧ
Ц˵
֪ȥ
ǱҲǺϤҿһܸߵĴãһųĴá
üͷһ£˵
лϣҪĻһٸϵġ
վһ֣ϵıʼǱ뿪ˡ
㣬ȥһɣ绹еæأɲܶˡ
Ҧ˶ź΢΢һЦ
Ǻãȥһ㣬ղŻûԱأ
Ц˵ǵҲٳһ㰡Ϸô࣬ɲܿ˶ӡ
˵һ뿪ˣȻҦ˵ľˣǲ˹ܵôϸΪ֪Ҧ˵ıܲ򵥡
ȻҦ˿ô˵ô϶ʲôҪ˵ľˣôɫûУʶȤ뿪ˡ
ȵ˶뿪֮һ˿ɫղ٣ϿǸˡ
ʲô
Ҧһʱûع
Ϸʱ׹¥ˣپǽסǵǸС
΢˫ۣ˵һ顣


177 
֣ôң
Ҧе֣벻ͨôоš
ӦϵǸˣˡ
΢΢һЦ
ʲôȻ
Ҧ˶ʱһϾȻôҪˡ
ȥ϶ҲˣﻳģԱ˰ɡ
һЦҦ˵Դ
˵㵽װôˣ
ҦһЦʵ
ҲûôǰӵҪ׵ƻˣҲûõģⱲֻܵˡ
ȻһҦһЦ
ãͽӦã
Ц֮Ҧ˵¶һ˿ǣǸô죿ڵǳ˾ֵĸˣ²ôӦġ
ûµģ鵽ҵϣҲôȥɣ
΢΢һЦҦ˳Էȥˡ
Ȼ˾ĸ֣ȴ˿壬бں򣬱˵ֻǷ˱˼磬ɱ˼ˣҲʲô¡
ֻҪɱ޹Ȼվһߣοڵĵλ򶫺ֲĵһ֣۵ĶӳǱ˿׺ģ
˳ĸ飬ֵڻһ΢΢ĲȻղź˵˼仰ûô˵ĵϸֵһ˲䣬ȫĺë˲ˡ
һɼΣյĸо˹Ȼû˿֤ݣҲ˵ǸƵеİӣǸȴһָоʮа˾Ÿв˸ϵ
ǶɵֱںưУŴ֤ԼֱĿ¡
㵽Ǵðģĸ֣ʵȴɲ⣬ȥúúõһĵϸˣ
оһ鷢뿪ϣپƵꡣ
һɳֻһС͵ľֲַķΧֻзԲ幫ңԭͣŵĳͨĹγȴһSUV
˴򿪳֮ǰ뿪ĸ顣
磬ˣ
һžôſ߳ӭĸ飬ʱЦŴ˸к
ţ骣Ҫȥ
Ҳ΢΢һЦ
ǰȥƿˮҪҲһƿ
ָָɳı˵
ҾͲˣݱУʱֱӵңҪˡ
ҡҡͷ߽ɳ
۵ɳȴ֧ذھİ´еľ춼ֳ˵ӣټϳ͵켼ܣ˵ǷҲΪ
Թҷ䷸ϰ֮ԭָǿΥ·Ӹʤǵʵǿ󣬱ͨ˷Ƕив
ǹܻҪ⣬ҲҺ͵ĸ֣ԼһЩǿļء
ذǹؼҪڣֹڵһЩΪ
֯һһ⣬Ϊĵİ˹ûĹףݵԣͨ˸֪ǵĴڡ
ãҶˣһƵ
ڣѾƵûƵ΢һ£ȻͨͶӰһߣڶʮĿתĿһƵڸղ΢һ£߼ѾˣЩ˺׾Ĵž
ˣʲôţ
һľϵϼпһۣǸ˼ƭƵ꣬Լȴû뵽ĸ֣ӦãȻ
ҵȻ֪ͼı죬ʵûйɣҲܺˣҪǣƵгֵ֣ȲǸˡ
һЦȻ֪˲ֵͬ飬ָָ϶ӣˣʵǳ£Ϣһƣδܻɷǳµƻ
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֮˴һϵϼУֻŮ˵ϣϾͲòˣΪһ֪ŵϰ壬ѾǹΪ֪ˡ
ˣ֮ǰѾˣòϵͳڲ鲻κεϢǾˣǾװݣڵ֮ȷ˵ݡ
ɫص˵
ûκϢĻڻһڴ룬ЧʿǷǳ͵ģҲǻûʲôϢ˾ѾҲ˵
һüͷ˵
֪ȷѶȣѾ˴ŵĿ꣬ʮа˾žˣ
صһЦǹһĨŵĻȡ
Ŷҵ˵ģ
ҶʱȤ
ҵͻƿƵŮˣҦˣһܳĴǣİȻƵΪ˾󻹽ͻ齵ϣپƵ꣬˵֮ûϵǾԲŵġ
ָĵ˼棬ȥҦ˵ʱȻ̸ֹûʲôԵĵطһжǡǡĵطһ˳£ɲô򶨡
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˵Ȼһ䣬֣ҵֱңǸ˲õĸ֣ҲĶ֣ʵɲļ𡣡
ָڱʼǱһĻ̳Ƭ
ȡЩƬԼĵϷɿĲѯֻҪǻĺϷĹǿ׵Ĳ鵽κһ˵ϣذӵе߼Ȩ
ǵУ˵ĵ͸ģֻҪм¼ɲ飬ôһԲó
һĹͱͶӰĴĻϡ
Ǹѧѧʷϵ
ּ֮ˣ¥׹䣬֮
һϵ飬ذ˳һҽԺƣʱƵҽ˭Щ׾ٵľͳӫĻϡ
ףôһܵĵǶоֵǩ⣿
ڲһźɫļ˵ע

ߵ˰骵󣬵㿪ǷļȨ˺ź룬Լ˺롣
Ȩ֤ͨ
Ļϵһ֤ļ˿
ΪŹоִо־ֳµǲһʱͱ˳ȥΪõԾԺ󲻵Դ˵ж
ܵļ˶һƺܲ򵥵ӡ
磬ô죿
ɫĿļǹǩļü٣Ȼļô˵ˣ϶ͷģһ˽ж˴˿ɾͲ˵ˡ
ҶԷǸƲ磬һʵ׿ĸ֡
飡ļﲢû˵ݺ͵ϸҲпǹʲôʵȨ˸ɡôǹΣֻ󣡡
һ˼һ˾Ҫһ鵽ף


178 ͺ
ذжУȻҪ飬̷ֺС飬רŸң˸ռ鱨չͬʱѾ˷ɻȥ˶
Ȼǲ֪Щ飬ɺҦŬϷУһ֮Ҳûҹǡ
Ϊֱǣ϶ǵòʲô𰸵ģҪ⿪ɻ󣬾ֻпԼȥ顣
߽ܹĸжʱ򣬹㶫Ҳ׼һ¡
ϴκ۾жںƻһ޴Ķ˽永ߴʮԪǽʮֺģǳεİָж
û뵽εץжԷڲǰȻ˽ٻͼȾ黹ǵĻͳԱûʲô
֪º󣬾˶෽˾飬ȫתƵѺڵطĿֹԷٴιǽʲô顣
һܵĲ𣬵ʱץʮﷷӺͽٻͬѺ͵˾ʮܵķطԿǿǸ߶ˡ
̩һͨȴʮֺׯ԰ǹĺ˴زͣѲߡ
쵰ҵĻأ
һɫ֮Ĵ͵һƱǰŭ
ϰ壬ԲȴεҲʧˣٻʱ÷ɻиڣûĿĵؾͱ˿ˣҲûõĻ
ǸСηһ£սսĻ㱨һ
ЩԴôµģôĺ࣬ΪʲôƫƫٳһиֵĺࣿѵĵĸѾൽ춼𣿣ôǹȻԸһͨĸ֣
һŭ𣬶Щ¼ֱʧ֮޲һǹǡ
ǰʱ䱻ľսɵɲֻһڣǽǵʮĹͬƾһˣôһóֵĶ
֮ԻѶ͵ģΪ˵ң˵ǱߵгֻҪͽȥ϶׬ܶǮΪԭЩ˲ͬȫȨ
û뵽û˽ȥںϱؾжˣʧ˾޶ȥжľӢǣûһӵĻܲż
ǱߵôǻڲԭѺأ
ŭŷйһͨ侲һЩ
ʱ䣬һֱַͨʽˣ죬һзˣҲǾϵͳڲĳԱ˵ȴǱһתƵ˾
ϰ巢ˣСæص
תˣ鷳ˣǱ߿ɲͬڹ㶫ǳ֮ǿҪȳǵĻϼˣؼ
üͷ壬ʵ
Ҳ˾㶫ǱѾٸӣѾɾǱֱӽӹˡ
˵λͣȻЩϢŪ֡
У취ˣŪͷǶûкӹˣЩϰŭǾԱ˺ˣȥϵһͺգҪǳְæһˡ
һڻ˾
ϰ壬ͺҪۿɲͰ
Сæ˵
ʱ򻹹ʲôǮٲϿжЩ˿¾ԶزˣĽȷǳ֮ȴΣգû취ͨ⽻ǣֻͺˡ
ŭһҪЩôߵһϽȥϵˣ
СܸϽӦһƨˣ¶һӣϰͻ̲סһǹ
Сʱ֮һСͷɻׯ԰Ͽգһ·ָʾ˼ܵϣԲʷŷˣʮҡ
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ڼװﷷӵĴ£˽˷˸ղŵǸӣһЦݵ˹ȥ˴һܱ
˵鷳ҪѰæ
ɴЦǸ˵ļɫЩε˵˴кʱһѾԹԵɳϣһˮ
˿ǸѪӦֺŷֵĻѪҪö࣬Ǻɫͫȴ¶˵ȴ׳˶Ķ࣬ϵԲʷŵĹĹҡ
ôɣ˵Ƿˮô鷳أ
Ŵùӣֱһؼӡ
ˣǻ̫ˣЩϰ嶼ҵĻ˸ͷֵĻֵʮڣĵľںһֵܱ˽ȥҲʵûа취ˣⲻֵܹæ
̾˿еľһ
ε鷳ְܼ
һھƣüͷ΢΢޴󣬴߾һ鷳飬仹ڻĵĵͷϣŪǾֵģжܲ㡣
ΪⲻֵǿɶԸ鷳ǵЩרҵĸֳС
Цһ£ƿָһơ
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΢΢һ̣ͺչӶǿ뷹ΪģרŸЩϰ޷飬ȻշҲǼ߰ġ
ԭڹ㶫ڣϴȥӪǣʧ֮˻ľľ裬ѾתƵ˾
˵
ʱЦЦĿһ۴ӣҲ᲻ûǮڹ㶫Ļǳֺ׾Ϳ԰ѶŪҪԼˣ͵ʴף˺ͻݵĸˡ
ɲð찡Ҫ֪ǻĵ׶һʡԱģҪȥҲðž޴ķգһ˵ġᡢ˹ЩسǵǶǲӵġ
žƱ˹˵ǵĹأӦúŶԡ
ҵȻףֻ⣬ⲻûа취ˣҵǵ
ЦЩΣҲ֪ǰεж̫ˣʮϰ嶼ҪҲѹܴʵǲˣֵܰæǮ
ֻҪ仰УΪ˺ͻھǵҪȻһ㣬Ϳɣ˵ǸҪٲźʣ
΢΢һЦͻȻһɳǸѪˡ
ˮ̫ˣǽȥҲһȫˣε̫ҵĻԸѡ񲻽ӣȻѣҲû취ˣɣ
Ϳɿһƻ΢΢һЦָ̧ͷ
УǧԪ
ɶʱһʹΪԺܼȥҲòʹͳǮϹأȸһĶ³֧֮һβ
Ȼԣǿˣ
ˬʵһЦžƱһ£ͷһɶǵĺϢɣ˺ܿͻģͿɣ߰ɣ
Сͷɻַܿׯ԰ϿգվڴߣŷɻʧߣɫǸӣʹ飬ҲнѵζζֻдԼˡ


179 ְ
ҹĻ٣ҹҲʽ濪ʼɫɫŮŮ׵߳˼ţǰֳָһ죬Ҳúúõķһ
ưװһֿʼӪҵˣ˵ɷǳӴ
ȻǮˣⲢưɵӪҵֻǻһѣھˡ
ٽҹʱһµR8ͣ˿ſڣһʮ׳˶˳Ĵһֱ˾ưſڵһˡ
ҪҽǮ
ƹһգ׳˶֮ǰ̩ׯ԰ǸѪͿɡ
Ṇ̀һͷȾɫС̫죬ͻȻ˴ʱһˬĻعͷ
ʲôǮ֪Ѿ𣿣һȥûҳ飡
һڶԷϣʮŵתͷȥС̫죬ûǰ˵һ¡
ͿҲûʮƽǰһԤ׵һƾͽǸС̫ȷˣס˵Ĳӣֱ͵صǽϡ
˵ҪҽǮղ˵ʲôҲú˵һ飿
Ϳɺľô־Ǹˣ˵һߵС̫üﻹ֨ʱɿܿˡ
ѾˣĴѾˣûƭ㡣
˫ץסͿɵ֣֧ⲱӣɫǵһƬͨ졣
ʲôǮˣ
Ϳ΢΢һ㶣һһһɷǸˣôģ
ŻȣҲǺ˵Ͽĳӱˣиһ˱е£绹û£ǵڶ챪ˡ
Ϊܱ̫ãץԼĲӾһŻشͿɵ⡣
˭ӹ˿
Ϳɵ˵ͷЩŵСֻܵ;˵һЩ飬ָ֪ʲôܡ
үӹүԼڣɥ縺ӡ
ڴѾһƬͨ죬ˮľ͵
ɥ磿
Ϳüͷʱһ¶һ˿ֵɫʵү˵غǸϼһɣ
ǵģǵģǸү
ǰ˸ֱү֣˿ɲңֻͷӦ
ˣԺ۾㣬СôûҲֻһСˡ
ͿƳһԵˣֱ߽˾ưɡ
ưʱֵʱĺŮ˦Դӻʣ޼ഺͿɶʱüͷ
ߵָ̨й˾Ʊ
Ǵ磬Ҫ
ͿھƱ˵
Ʊʱ΢΢һ㶣ЩɲĿͿɡ
ô˵ˣ㲻ùܡ
˻֣Ϳɴ˾Ʊȥš
Ӵ˧磬һôįһһ
ͿһϢʱһŴʮֱ¶Ů˹ִļ򣬲ͣ΢ĥš
תͷ΢΢һЦͿŮ˵ƨϺݺݵһѣ˼ڵˣп档
Ů˶ʱƲƲ죬ĵ߿ˣѰһ˧Ŀӡ
˵ʲô֣
ɥ¥ϵİһȺСܺžƣһƱĻ̷˾Ʊ
ǵģɥ磬Ǹ˵ľǹ֡
Ʊ϶ػص
֪ˣɣ
ɥ˵ͷ˰֣ϵСžƱһȥˣټİһˡ
һ֮󣬰ŴˣͿ˽
㣡һΪˣ
ſڽˣɥ۾һУվ
ɥȻ㻹ǵҡ
Ϳɴţ΢΢һЦ
ҵȻǵ㣡쵰
ɥһЦͻȻͿɵһȭͿվһûôӲİһȭ
Ҫ㵲һҿˣô꣬㵽ȥˣžȻҲϵңûаҵֵܣ
ɥĺ͵˼Ϳɵؿڡ
ɥҲкܶΣǴοûˣȥ˹⣬˺óһʱˣⲻһؾ
Ϳ΢΢һЦĴɥļ򣬡ˣôغǸϼһ쵽һ𣿡
˵
ɥͿɳϣһɨǰӰ˵ľƿʳɨ˿¶һƬɾĵطóƿơƷ
ơƣʹĴ˼ƿ¡
ˣλ߲
һɥͿʵ
ţλҪ飬Ȼڱغˣ˵Ѿּҵ˽ͷε鵹ǿԺһ
ͿЦЦܿ˴ɥ⡣
ʲôôҪѵѵסϺպĹְɣ
ɥһЦ
ְɣ֣Ϳɵһ˿ǻʱΪֺܲϵȷǴһΪȣ˵õһֵĳƺš
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ڿ׵ȴһüͷͻȻ΢΢ƲͷȥһЩˡ
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ףվ˵󲻵Ҧ˵;ֱ˺ıꡣ
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񲻾һȺˡ


180 
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ҦҲһȺˣȴûʲô쳣
ǸճֵʱҾͷе㲻ԾЩȻ·ƲһӦòܹͳһѵˣǸиķ֮۹·˷Ǳ׼ս̬
üͷ΢ղײǸˣõֻףȴײϵ˲Ͳףһͨսĸ֡
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Ҧһ㶣ϽŤͷǱ߿˹ȥƺ뿴Щߣô󣬵ڶûߵء
𿴹ȥЩ˺Уǻɵġ
ϽҦ˵ͷŤ˻Ҧ˲ÿĿ⣬ô۲ˣǺױֵġ
һǵһμأң֮Ǽߣˣôߵģ
Ҧһ˷ܣսʵ
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ǰѪܣе֣ôôߣѵҪʲô鲻ɣ
ɻһʱĳˣ˳ֱȥأҲʱѹԺ


181 غ
ϣپƵ꣬һ߼׷ˣΧվһȦֶĺװ
ɣôû㣬ΪѾˣû뵽Ȼȥ˹⣬һǿϧһֻҵ˴ɥһˣһһɵġ
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ղǸˣʵǳǿ˼쳣ܣڵĻʧܵĿԲ󣬶Ҳǵϰ廹Ҫڻķչʵϰ帺鲢̫Σա
Ź͹ⷢİֺӸղεĺпΪϰ岻ضǣôǵжŸá
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182 Īʧ
ϣҦϷϸװһʵҪҦҪװ磬ΪûʲôֲǺҪҦһĴǡ
ܵһ·ԳԺȺȣĴйһҲ൱Ŀġ
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183 ˿
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˴Զǰ߿˵

龪ɵʵһ֣˭ˣȻذͼĳԱļѾ㹻֪һЩصˣڱŵˡ
ǻĵһܶ飬Ȩ֮Ҫذ֮ϣϾֻǶڣǶģҪʱ̣Ȩ
ȻҲҪŵĸ߲İС
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˴ʱȴͻȻˣϵƼҪ㣬ϾҪһʱ͵ĳˣסʵǡôҪֵǰһ̣ˣ
˫һֻ֣ͦ̿ʼӳָҲüƤת˲һƬҰֱһҲͣ
͵һȭǴ̶ʱȭѴ͹˳һѾʧȥӰ
˫΢У˲üƣְʱǿЩԤ֮⣬ɲʲô˲񣬱˴˽ͻæҡ
ûתŵķһģƾֱһͻȻֵȭͷȭӵĵطһεĿʱ쮷ɶڵϸһӡۡ
˲ӿףεҲ˲ʧ
ʱΧߵУͲټȫ֪˴ʱںδ֣Ȼвǵıһſ񱩵ˣǵǵĿ֮ʱѾǲټ
˺˵ٶȣѾЩɫ䣬ǶԸǵĻٵĴ£֮ûУ˲ͱ˽
书޼᲻ƣΨ첻ơ
ٶȵһĳ̶ȵʱ򣬼ʹһƬҶҲӵо˵ɱοʵǿĸ֡
ڼĴͼҳ˵֮ʱһ߸ݵİĵ棬۾һɶصĲͷɢ˳
ɲΧĽӵҲ¶һ˿΢ЦȻ۾˵ټͨȴɵ׷ٵ˵м
֮ǰǸֿ⣬ͬʱô侯ļͬʱĨȥֲһٵļ䣬츳ǿľϰĽнֱͨ˵Ĵԡ
ʱһڰ׵ĻӳԺҵĴ趯˿ƶǣͨҲڲͬλվŵͬǡ
һģǸڰ׵Ļ˺ľʧˣգʣһ˵Ӱ
ڳĽ֣ԷʵԽԽ˷ܣ˵һսʵֻͻơ
ʱһ޵ĲͻȻϣȻɲʮֵ΢ǻûĸӦϾѾѵ״̬
ɲĸоʶǳ󣬵ǱʶҪϺܶ࣬Ҳûʶô䣬ԵЩӣȴʵʵڵ塣
ֵһյĴɿɨһΧ̾ע⵽棬΢˫۵ĸݰˡ
һת̾뵽侯쳣ȻҲ̲³ݰ˵ݣԭǸᾫܵߡ
ǹһĨص΢ЦûȥֹӣǼ˳Ľ֣һ̣һҽͻȻ˳Ǵ˽սĵطǴһ档
վǿˣ֮ǰĸݰˣʱѾڵϣ˫ֱͷһҲͣķз˷Ľкǳʹࡣ
Χļ߶ˣ֪ô£ôúõľͻȻĪʧˣ
ǸҲһͻȻƬƿֱһϷߣǿѹס壬һָüλá
ľѾȫˣƺܵʲôǿľ񹥻Ȼ˲ͱƻеԲ񾭡
ҡҡͷվǸ˱һָüģһڵϣҲ֪˻ôһ¡
ģ
ɻʵղһֱڽ֣мûпԱ˳ֹͬȴԤ׵ĵһˣѾǳصķˡ
ɲµ֣ղпȥܱˣ֪ôһ£Īȱ¸ɵ̫࣬Ǵˣ
ҡҡͷһЦ
ʵһղǸݰҪþͼΣ˾ȴû뵽겢ͨ˵꣬һɽٸֵꡣ
ʹ֮мʧǱϾһɽڸֵ꣬ͳ̶Ⱦǳ˿ģǿ¶ӳǿꡣ
˵ľ񲨶һԺ̾ͼ֮ķɣֻһ򵥵ķûз깥ԷԲѾյش̾Ͳ֧ء
ʵǿԴҽ㻹ǵһòµĸ֣û뵽Ȼ̫ϧˣ֣ȫйգ
ûȥ׷ʣͻȻĪһЦ
ҲһЦ˵˼ʵǿᣬȻ뵽Ҫ߷뾯ɣҪʲôԲˣ޷ǾһЩΥ顣
ҲúܿϧԼ㣬ӵǿʵȴЩĻһĪԸǵһеĽ벻׷ߵľ磿벻øǿʵ
ҡͷһЦֱֱĿ˵
ҽһУΪ˻øǿʵôܻĿǰľأ
˹һЦۿ˵ҲȲһʹ˷ΣҲκβǣα׷᣿
ǿδأҲҪҵȷסʣµЩˣûмܵĳҵġ
ͬһЦζĿˡ
ҿҲδذɣҲ㣬أ֪㻹мְסǣ
ɫһ䣬¶һ˿΢Ц
ĻһڣΧļ߶ʱɫ䣬֪˵ʵҪԸǣڳĿܲ˼ˡ
Ļһɣûб˵ӶĻܵĻỹǺܴġ
̵ǴĲŵĻҵȷԷץǣˣɾ͵ôˣ
΢΢һЦ͸һ˿⡣


188 
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һüҶʱ΢΢
˽־磬ȶԻĵĹ䲻û˽⣬ҿȭ汸ȻҲôӦú֮Ĳ𣡡
˵ͷ˵ȻǿҲܲڳȴһأгɵ֣˶ϢƳңͲ°Լ𣿡
仰˶ʱɫһ䣬û뵽ܵ˽Ȼ֮Ѿԡ
ͼ˹ߣ
ϸĴһ΢΢һͻأĿ˵
䣬Ѿл֣趯䣬ɫץ۱鲼еƶռ䣬ȵֻʣһԳˡ
˵Ǿ仰ʱһֱվڲԶǸֵİˣεɿĵһߣͬͺǶʱǣһ
ŰһȦɫâ֣վŵ˶ʱĳ֮Уµһ󷭹Ȼˮһ
ݣ
жʱһ棬Ȼ֪ӵܿԿƴ֮û뵽Ȼݵʹ÷Դһݽ
ڵʵЩ˽£Ҳûʲô취ȥ׷٣ϾǿʶѾʧȥˣ̫أ޷ʶ̽⡣
Զɽٺڸֵǿʶ˵̽׷٣ǸҲ׾ٵ顣
¶һ˿ɫһЦǿͼ˹ıУһεӹ˵˵׷ɱ˺ܶǳѵǱץסģ
𣿼ȻôԸͬ飬ôʹɣ
һЦԭ󿪴صƷȻһ䣬ձ˲ת˹Ƽ͸ľҲù
ֻǽƣ˱仯ĻϾѾ͹Ĵ̣Щ̶ɹɣԭܵļӳ·ǳļӲȴƾ׵ƻˡ
һ̫ľ裬ڽʮƺͻ֮лѾʮֵ磬ղлƷں֮䣬˶ûзӦӲֺ˼ơ
˷ӦʱֻϵĹǴѾȫˣǹɹľһֱֱͨ꣬æ˴ǿеЩĹ쾢
һʱ˵ʮ֮⡣
ƣ
ɲĿһš
벻ȻʶƷ㲻ŷ˰ɣ
Ҳе㾪ȣû뵽һ˾Ȼ֪ƣ΢΢һͻȻ뵽ϣپƵſǸˣʱѿڶĪǣǸѪСڻĳģ
Ȼû˵һ˿ȻɫȴĲ׽ˣжʱˡ
벻Ʒ㹦̶ȣ߶Ʒûʲô⡣
˻ĵ˵ͷҲһ˿仯̺һЩ档
ҿʹȭҲΪһ˿Ǻϲ书ҲйһΪʲô˻һԻǰ̣
һ۾΢УϸĴˣ֪Է⸱£һһȻͬò
ҴСͻ켣ڵƦåֻΪԵɺϣϰһЩ书ǿģȴû뵽Ȼ칦ܣҲ޷Ӵֻһĵ·
ҡͷ̴ٵһЦҪ࣬ѭ򽥽ȫһҲѹӦҪЩԴ
ʵͶЩ壬صõĴԲڲɣѵЩ廹һԴ
ֵʵҪ֪ĸ֣Щҿ֮ʵģĸУ֪Խ鷳
ΪҪĶô׾ͿԵõ𣿼ʹЩ֮УҲǽǵȥڵ飬жٵ𣬻һڡ
һЦ˵˵ЩʲôʱͻȻͷһ󣬡ˣӦԮҾͲˣ´лᣬٺúõĽһ
䣬Ѿʧ˴΢΢һջû׷ȥִҪŴˣǾԲл뿪ģȴûô
һε̾ϢԶż侯ѾҵʵϲΪսľҲޱȷḻĳЩϸڵķҪ
ֵܣû°ɣ
һ޶ŵǸŷˣæʵ
û£Щܵˣһ˿Կƴ֮ȻʹݵļܣֱӴӵˣֻץסһˡ
ָָϵǸԲѵŷˣҡҡͷ˵
˹ȥǸŷ˵°һ˺һᱡƤõָ߷αװߣ¶׺ͼ¼ϵһöӦϡ
ղһ߸ַ֣ǳڶ֮ϣҿ϶Ǻǻһ·ɻģΪ첢ûмôǿˡ
˵ǸңǸ߻ݣҲлȥġ
ȶСӻߣ
ڲ鿴ǸŷĽʱ̧ͷǺͶԽֵģȻԵʵȻȶСӻĪǴбǳ֯
ҿߵҰ·ӣѧѵ֯һʹõǻڵĹ䣬ǲͬǣ书߶ģǵ
ҡҡͷ
⵹ģһǵһ˵߶䣬ûʲô𣿡
ʱȵ̧üҡ
ٴҸղŽֵĹĻͦõģʵҲǳǿ󡣡
ʼ磬ÿ˶Լ·Ҳ˾ǿһµȻʧܸգһɹʵҲԶԶƽ֮ˡ
֪ͨȥ׼ץƵȺ˰ɣģڼƻ˳ɣϲȺҲӦóˣǼȻαװ뾳εοͣ뿪Ҳͬķʽ
΢΢һ˵
˼ǣ
΢΢һЩץס뷨
ôˣҪһ뿪ĻֻжƱĿˣһɻǡ
һ̣ǻͣȥ·Ϊ쳵ӵϰʹ͸ĵһտ˵ĵطʵʩץж
ƻȷʵУ
һԭΪеĵطץ㣬ôһĻЩŪƫƧһЩĵطȥץ׶ˡ


189 Ԫ֮
ץƻûвμӣΪƵȺŷ棬ֻһߣһǻܣ;ܻܿɻңȴûв
з˾Ƶ꣬ʱѾǿӽˣҦˣʱɳϿµʱ־
ˣ
Ҧ˷־΢΢һЦ
ţľôæǳһ£
˸һ½ǡ
ҿŵıˣ˵Ǳ߳⣬϶ϴģƵǴӺԶĵط͵ĵġ
Ҧߵ󣬹ɵĸ˼
ϸǹĲλȻ͵ƵҲǣôĳ棬Ȼܳ׵ϢôɣڼʱֹȺ
˫ƽ̯ɳϣ΢۾Ҧ˵İĦ
Ҳȥμжˣ
һżҦһߺʵ
ȻμˣȻϸҹȥʲôܲǱ߿ϷɣôҲϾҶǱŵˣôҲԹ۰
΢΢һЦǱһǳ߸֣Ȼ͹ϵһ𣬵ҲǱĲá
Ӧûİɣ
Ҧ˶ʱͣʵ
ĻͲʲô⣬ڽ֮ǰֻǶĶ屾ͻϣġ
Цҡҡͷ˵ƺǼ츳֮Ҳ޷ˣĻǲʲôġ
ͬʱʵôΣȻǴӣΪ漰ںõ⣬һþǱ³
߶䣬ȴûֻһµķʽѡ
Щأץס˼
Ҧּ˼
һǸߣͬʱ۸ʮ侯ļ䣬ֲٵĻ䣬͵ϮҵʱԼɣûʲôϣˡ
΢΢һЦиӵͦģȻԹ֮ͨݵķţұǸֲŵʱͬһ˵£֪ܵȥˡ

Ҧ˶ʱһЦǺ񻰹Ǹһڵ궴ȥ
궴ԭ
Ҧô˵ʱǰһǸض˭ڵˣ뵽صĿȺ͸߶ȣӵͣѾǲԶ
Ҧһ˵ʱЦһ֦Ҳû뵽߻ȥ˸һֱڵ
ʱ䣬Ҧ˺úõһЩľ㣬ܵ˰˴볤ȥһȦʶһ˴漣֮һΰ
һ죬ڻص˾Ƶ꣬ոϴ裬ֽӵ˽ĵ绰
ϸ磬ж˳ɣ
˵绰ʱЦʵ
˳ģռƻǰǴһδ޽ɵĹ·ϣǸߵʮ־ǲ˲ԾѾˣǴ󲿶ӵİΧ£һûܵ
һЦʮʹ˵
ҪϲˣȻܵһЩߣץˣҲǴһ
ҲһЦ
ˣϵܣô㣬¡
ع˵
ʲô£
ʱҦϴһ߲ͷһߣɻĿʳָѹס촽˸Ķ
ϴνٻǸ飬㶫㣬ϼ⣬˽±һ¶ĸм֮飬ϾҲǾŮ
Ц˵
˵ҲмҾŮ֪ƺ˰ɣ
һЦڷɻ˵ĻɻصĶߡ
ֵܶƺеᣬҾͲڵ绰˵ˣϵܼ֪Բеˡ
ʱһЦȴûж˵ʲôε¼ΪǣߣֵܶԸ߱Ƚо飬ϣȥǢһ¡
аɣҲǷǳæ˳ȥ㶫Ǳһ档
΢΢һӦ
Ҫȥ㶫
Ҧ˲ͷֵͣʵ
ţϴνٻǼ£ǣϼһЩ⣬ϣҪȥòƱԽԽˣȻ߳ȥ˽һ
˵ͷӹҦëʪͷڲĹУһתɢ˾˵һͰͷˡ
ȥ㶫ǲҪֿˡ
Ҧתͷ͡
ɵѾͷԸһȥߵҲˣмʱôһȥ㶫£˵ҲܲģóԵĶر࣡
Ҧ˵Сӣ΢΢һЦ
˼ҲܳôడȻ˾Ϳûˡ
ҦŤŤЦ
£أķ԰Ŷ
գգ۾һЦеӡ
ᣡ
ҦͻȻͨ죬ܾһһ̵ܵȥˡ
һãֻ˵ĵķ֪֬Ҧ뵽ʲôͻȻͱӡ
óԣȥݵĻƱҲϢȥˡ
ų˯ȥҦˣ΢΢һӸʵɽƵƽ̹Сϣ΢΢һۣӦҦ˵︽
ڻĵѧϵڣ飬Уһ󾳽ǸḶ́Ҳ൱е
У֮ҪϵڵľѪΪԪۣһʼ޵̬Ϊʱ򣬲ŻΪҺ̬Ԫ
Ҫľ磬Ԫעܳ׵ĿĹЧӶԴ洢һ磬ϵǱܡ
ҦڵĵﴦѾۼ˴ԪЩԪУ൱һԪ֮ɣΪûҦ˵ΪҦҿҲ̫Źľ
УҪԪԪ֮ģ϶Ǹ߽׵Ĺг֮ȻҲͨҪĶ࣬ǰһ׶֮ǰһʧȥԪԪ֮
˵ļһЩҲǲǰ๦ԣпܵΪҲ޷
Ϊ֪һ㣬ûвҦ使۵ʻѾʳ֪ζô챧ôŮһֱ޶أ
ϸ̽һ︽ԪҲˣٹһʱ䣬ҦӦþͿԳأ뵽龳֮Уʽ֮
ʱ򣬻ŷ̸ȴǽӵһͨ绰
˵ʲôͻˣȫ˾
üͷ壬˵绰΢΢һ֮ٶȲһ롣


190 仯
ã
绰ͨˣ΢΢һЦ
ôǵĺ㿼ǵôˣ
绰ͷһǳдԵ
ҲͲٶҪˣϾԺҪںϵģֻһСҪæ
˸˵
ʲô£
΢΢һ٣е㾯ζ
Ǻ鷳飬ֻһֵڻˣڱľϣæ̳
˸Ļ˻֡
ľˣǲǷʲôӰɣ
̱ˡ
ȻǣֵֻȥڻһֱھƵжˣûʲôƾʵݣ΢һЩ⽻ѹ뻪Ǳߺܿͻ˵ġ
Ц˵
һȥһµģûʲôѱǳҲ£ϣԺĺĸ졣
Ĭһ˵
ȻǳлԮʱϵ
Ҷ˵绰ĳ˿
Ϊ֪ΣԣصذͺеľӢɳһ󲿷֣ȻִЩӢǣһ״ЩӢҲһ
û뵽ɹɵʱ򣬾ȻӢ˽ȥȻǲӲģȻͨǿܶ࣬ǲʲô鶼ȥ
Ҫ׳֯ǵͨеľӢǣ˵ˣҲôҵģΪͿɵļ룬ͺҲ޷ɵЩǡ
ǸȻʧľƿ൱ʵõܣЩʲô߰ˮҪõöࡣ
һأͷһɶȫǰյɫ
ΪͺյϴͲֻ῿ɱɱ׬Ǯˣǲ˸ĻԼװһɹ
ķҲͱͻתʽıʮսǿҲȲһᾫܵ
Ϣ䣬ͿԻΪѣǶôǿļܣѪеĴﵽԼĿģߵľ硣
Ϳ취ȥһߣһ߿ǺѴ򿪾ġ
죬˼
һߵ˽˻ڣһװ޹ŷʮķ棬ˣվһźװ
ɣεж˳ɣ
غӹһŮĲˮЦǺǵʵ
ȻүĴǿ˺ܶ鷳ɵˣǶѾͻȥˣǱ߶Դ±ʾǳ⣬ɵ˼ǣпյĻүԼһ档
Ϳ΢΢һЦ˿ڲ衣
ҲãϾô⣬ǵȷǸüúõһġ
غ˵ͷҲ¶һ˿˷ܵζϾͿԿƴ½߳ɵĻԴζ֮ĽǮҲᱩǵһΡ
Ȼɲһ仰Ĺ򣬻ҪҪȶүпյʱȥһɣϾô㵽
Ϳɷ˲豭˵ͷ
⵹ʲô⣬Ϲͷܻһ£þûȥ̩ˣҲ˳ȥһ棬ɢɢϿٲ߶߶Ժûлˡ
غĨĨͷһͷգˬʵһЦ
үϵ׳ӹӲʵĺܣԺĺӻأ
Ϳ΢΢һЦά˵䣬ӻͳһֽչ֮һ˵ФǦ軭ģΩΩФʮֱ档
ǣ
ӹŻغһۣɻ̧ͷʵ
һ֣ʵ൱˵ãҿ»Ķ֣ƺǾˣүæһ飬ܲҵ˵ϡ
Ϳɵ˵ͷ˵
ŶȻ㶼ʲǶ֣Ҳ²ôõġ
غüͷ΢ôǿʵȻҲΪ£óȻˣһ˼ҷ֣ɲһܺŪȥġ
Ҳµܣүæһ£ʵѣǾˣûҪȥôһǿĵˡ
Ϳ΢΢һЦΪ˵
ҲãҾµȥôһ˵Ҳһ°
غ˵ͷ󻽹һװϵĻ񽻸
ǵȻҲû뵽ڼƻɵʱһ֣ʧһƻǸϲϱ仯찡
Ϳ̾˿һ˿â
ڶҦϴһ;˺һк뿪˾Ƶֱ꣬˻ź˹ݡ
·ɻûãͽӵ˽ĵ绰
ϸ磬ʲô
绰Цʵ
汻˵ˣϵܣεǴĲץǰˣǿ¶һʣķˡ
εһЦ
ô£Ⱥô˵žͷţ
ɻʵ
ӢǱʽ⽻˵ǷǷнǵĹѾˣǵȷûЩΥֱ֤ݣ÷ˡ
Խһ£̾˿
֪ԭίҲֻεҡҡͷƵЩŷˣȻ֪ͽйϵȴû˼ֱӷ֤ݣϾʲôûɣǹֶѡ
ϴٲֿȺߣͨİ취뾳ˣû;ƵڵȺһ뿪
˵򵥣ȻԶӢĹٷѵȺ˵Ѿ͸ŷ޸߲𣿡
ֵʵ
ʱǻǺŷǱߵƱȻĻҶˣϾȨܶҲһͷˮֻȷˡ
Ҳûʲô취룬һվ⽻ĲϣͲСˡ
Ҷ˵绰䣬Ҧ˵εʼ硣
ҪôԼˣ飬ȥɣ
ҦļһЦ
ûҲܲôǷȥɣ
һЦ˳˻˸ʿֱȥˡ
ڵʿĺоȥԷʱֻһ£ʾһδӶţһİδעĵ绰
磬ֹֺη
㿪֮Ϣʾôһݡ
Ѿźǵ緹Լˡ
˻ֻ΢΢һЦʦֱӴȥֹݡ
ʲôˣ
Ҧ˺Сʵ
ģϴκǱߵľжƻһ󰸣οɵúúõĿһǸʲô
Ц˵
ô
Ҧ˶ʱͷʡĹԱûأҦȻǮƣһ˳ȦƴҲûôЩ顣
ȻˣȻô֯ôж
˵ͷԺȴɻ˵Щ


191 ԭ
ֹһƬ̻ܺõ԰Ĵ˸ֻľֵط˵ǳԷˣ¾ʲôɣҲ˸оһĿ
ſڵӭС£һ·ֱֺη䣬װ޵ĸȫǻĹʽķȫʹ˸ߵľģ洦ɼ辰ͻ黭
ֺηƿԶĴ߾һʵСϪŶ˵ϪˮдеľһµĿβʱһˬ
̫ˡ
Ҧףſ˫վڴϣȤĴľɫ
ȻˣǽӴ͵ĵطܲϵôڻĵϣЩط߶˵ľۻ֮أЩʲôǼƵ궼ȥġ
һЦһҦ˵
ûӣԱѾһϺõ˷ֱһ裬뿪˷䡣
һƷζĲˮһߵȴĵһʱͻȻ΢΢һ۾˷š
ƹȥͬʱҲ˴ˣһòº͵˽ڴͬʱ󻹸һλˣ˷š
ڶ˽ʱʱһЩȣղֻһ˵ĽŲΪֻһˣû뵽Ȼˣ
ˣȻĶ䣬ҽ뷿֮󣬼ʹվǰǲ˵쳣ͺͨһ㡣
һͨˣûԼĽŲֵĶ䡣
Щ鵢һ£С־õˡ
ǰǸ˽ֱ֮ߵǰֱǸһЦ
̫ˣҲǸյã˵ﻷôţǶһҲǺܵ顣
վס֣ҡͷһЦ
ʮͷͣǿȴǸչʮӣʮֺãϻϿʲôƣһ˫۾͸ºˮĹâ
˹ĵһˣһ㶼˵һŮĸˡ
ˣ
кָһԵҦ˽ܵ
ãǡ
ҦվЦ֡
֪˭Ҧˣ
ϲҦ˵֣ܾͿ˵Ůǳϲĸ裬ϴڹݵݳᣬȥֳۿأ
ҵҡ
Ҧò΢Ц
СŮҲû뵽СݣȻһˣСŮһܸ˵ģһǾˣһϲĴǣ
ˬʵһЦ
شҲ
ֵʵ
ǰСŮľˣ㶼Զˣôܲأ
ȻӣָǸ˵λ죬ЩҵİȫչˣܲܺúõĻ컹˵أ
ã
΢΢һЦ߹ȥ֣һ֣ܸȤЩˣ˵ʵܼˣûһĶ֡
˵ûиֵĴڣǱϾǻĵ߻֯űΣһϵĸ֣ݺڱŻĴ඼ˡ
ֻǸ⣬ΨһһͺСʵȴǳǿĳԱƽ£ϼЩ֡
á
΢΢ףס֣ƽӴʱ򣬷·һ΢紵˷䣬˶һƮ
ڣ̺ʮӴȴӵʱʱ̼ȻӦڵʱ˳ƶ
Ҫӿ֮ʱֱѹȥ˵΢һӴɢĲһ磬ƾһ֣ʾǿĿ
ԭΪǸˣԵЩ⣬һ֣ʱҲ˱仯Щɻ𾪡
һˣȻ޼Ϊ˴棬һŲɽƤھҪ̴ʧɫ
ȻʵˣѹֿڷɻƷЩͽĳ
ɿֺ˵ͷ˵
Ǳ͸˵ˣСֿǸ˲ĸ֣ҽŰˣǶӣҲ䷽ľ
Ц˵
ʱ۹Ҳˣ˺ܲ򵥣߾Ȼĸָ棬ֱԵˣǾ̫ˡ
ĸܶù飬Ҳ˿֤ݡ
Ȼĸӣȴεĺܺãû¶˿ºһڼҦ˳ȥϴּʱֽһˣǷɻϼء
֣ôô磿
մϷţؾЦʵ
Ŀɲ磬̫ôСֵôã
¶һֵӣװ˵
Ϊأ뵽Ƕô硣
ͷ
ǡ
Ů˵״ǰһԵЩˣ龰ɺеĲһҲڷɻĲһ
㶵飬ҲЩ㶣˷ɻϵ飬ʱЦ
Ǻ˵ˣڷɻϷȺ˿ڿǰҲһƭȥˡ
ЦŶ˵
ԭѹֿСһɻ󡣡
ҲǹһЦСֲΪǸ˱֮ˣĸŮ˰ɣ
Ǻǡ
ЩΣڿԣеǸӣҲֻӣ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ϊְ⣬ץ˱Ƚ϶ˣҲ˱Ƚ϶ĳңǰץסҵŮͨҪЮңҲһε¼ص°ʧȥ˻
΢΢̾˿֮ҾͶǣֻǰʱѶѣͬʱϵͳ鹹һŮ˺Ͷӣĵװ齨һͥ
ǵģԺ󣬵ûɧҺ衣
Ҳ˵ͷ
ΪҪ鹹ڵ
ֵʵ
ͨҼҪЮҵˣһֱǲǲöԸңֻȥԸҵļˣ鹹ֻҪһ˵ĸӶ˵ȻԸҵĿԾͺܴ󡣡
΢΢һЦҲԻһЩʾǰи׼ֻû뵽һ鷢̫ͻȻȻҲյϢڵĸӶ˵û뵽ǾȻô죬ֱӽٳڵǼܷɻ
Щ˵ȷǹǽˣжУǵʧ൱ء
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ΪˣǲŵȲˣûвĸӵľϢ뵽ҵǰŮŮȥμӽᣬͱץסˡ
ץŮ֣̾˿ڹأûô׵ģƽʱ߰бкܶ࣬׵֡


192 ʮȫ
ĽΪʲôַɻϵһĻԭΪ˱ԼŮξٶϧԼ
ȻΪְԭĸŮܵ˲Ŵͬʱǵ˺ҲǾ޴ģеñʧɣ
ε̾˿ԵЩп
֣ˣҺǴûйֹ㣬ЩΰΪҺίʲô
ĸ׵ļο
ⷬ˵ǶعĿ࿴һŮҲˣһͬӣˣ򸴺
֪ķΪʲôԭµ̱
һʵ
ΪЩͽŰľʱ򣬺󱳼׵𣬵µ̱
£Щ겻ѡ
֪Ƕǰ飿
ʵ
Сֵ˼ǣ
ɻĿ
˼
һŵŹͻȻ˵̱꣬Ϊû񾭵Ĵļ֯𽥵ήѾزǾûҽεϣˡ
Ҿ˼
˵ͷŹϰ֮ˣһЩηĳʶȻ֪ġ
̱ʱҽԺѾ޷ҽΣȽҽԹˣ޷κãŻȻҽ֣ҽ壬ֻһֱҲ
Źֻ˵ЩǴûϣÿҶԸ˵ȲĦּ֯ĻΪ˱һϣ
ĪСʶʲôҽܹκĲ
վȲ̱꣬һֱĲ񿴵ϣλĵļ
ҵʶʲôҽǱһҽ˵ȲȷĺܺãҵǿһԣȰĴ㣬ϾѾ̱ôꡣ
΢΢˵ͷҲûʮİտκ˼ңֻܰѳ˵ǰͷˣø˼ϣ˼ʧʹĥ
ʵҲףϣǱȽСģֻһϢҾͿƲԼ飬С㲻ѹΪˣ۽ʲôҶܸл㡣
ԳһЦֻ˵ѾһѾļҵĶˡ
̫ˣҿɲҵֻǾ֮Ͱˣؼǹġ
˰֣˵ŻʱȥϴּҦ˻ˡ
˿ͷһʱһҦˣ
һУǰ׼ŵҦһ̧ͷһأ΢΢һЦأ
԰԰ôʶҵģ
ؼֱţϲĴͻȻǰֱ͸һ
ǺǣղѾܹˣ˵ȥݳֳݳأ
Ҧ΢΢һЦ
ѽʱƱģһðְйϵ˲һš
ؼ˵ϱһƬͨ졣
ˣأҪôŵҦˣְһֱҪƽģϲġ˷ΣҪ̫ҡ
ŮЦ˵
˼Ҽ
Ҳ֣ŤŤȥġ
ˣһɣ˼ҿǷǳϲĸأ
ҲЦ
Ҧ˵˵ͷЦصıϣ˵ͱͲ˶٣һĹѾĵһ飬ʱһݺݺЦ
˶ˣ֪ͨ˷Աʼϲˣʽʮֵľ£ɫҲǳӵڸУһǶˮ׼һЩνǼƵҪǿ˲֪ٱ
ϵļһɨգЩ̵һһͷСɰѶſڵʱŵһ˱ǵ㡣
˶ʳĺҩĵζһû˿Υ͸У֮һεĸо
ԱҪļʢȴ÷Ա뿪ˣһʢһһ͵ݸ
һӦøǣôܸأ
ƴһ¡
С֣ٷרΪ˸л㣬󣬾ͱˡ
һЦһС
ȻҾͲˣ
΢΢һЦҨһһڣ۾ʱ̲סһ
ζΪ̺ĸҩģǵҩںϵһ𣬻֮¶˵Ǵ洦ٵĹЧ
ֹݵ֮ʮȫ
Ҳ֮ʱЦ˵˵ڻĻѾˣ󲿷ֵĶǹͷ⣬һѣʮȫ
ҪҪĹףҩԵҲҪǷ켫Уȱһ޷ʮȫ
ܿͺһδָԼʢһ롣
⻰Ҫʦˣ϶ҪСֽΪ֮
Ź˵ҲЦ
֪ܲһλʦһЩҩԷҪһ
һҪƵ軹ȱҩƷڶûҵҲʦܹһ֮
û⣬ʦǶˣֹҲģһɲʮȫ
΢΢һЦ
ҽմĹˣлƷ˼ζ
ʧЦ
˵Ļ
Цһ˶ʱЦˡ
ᣬҲЩҩŵɣ
Цʵ
ȷʦ˼ҩŵ䷽ؾڼҳԣȷǾ棬Ҽûʲôë
˵ͷ
Ȼҽҩֶҩĺã԰Ѹҩкһ̶ȵļڵĲҩԣʦҩ䷽һʮѵõġ
ҲΪȻ˵
ʦˣǵİ£˫û֪⣬Ͽʲô쳣ķǳá
мĿһ죬ʮңˣҲŵ޷ڵӡ
һ緹꣬һ̸˵صĳĵʮֻ졣
ˣذ˵һȥתתķ羰
ԱһʱЦŶŮ˵
õģ˽㣬ȥλΰɣ
عɵҦ˳ȥˣ֪׿϶Ҫ̸һЩ£ڱĳѾϰˡ
С֣ϾǱߵѾ֪˰ɣ
Цſǳȥˣתͷʵ
ָӢǱ⽻ʩѹȾ˵ɣ
˿ڲ
±£ǿô򵥡
˵ͷɫ


193 ݺ
յʲôϢɣ
˲豭ᴵ˴ϷĲҶ
ʱյ˴鱨ܵķŷǱе㲻һΪͺյ֯ڿѾ͸˶СڿӢҲǵ档
˵
һǷ֯ѣȻô
һڲ裬üͷһʵ
˽֯ǿҲǺѺ͹һ࿹ģͺվȻ͸ңȷеʵġ
ŷСȻ÷ǾʵǺǿ㲻ҪΪǶһЩСΪǺƽͱƷˡ
ҡҡͷ־ս֮ʱƷֻСʱһǿķǷ֯ȫ԰Ŀǡ
ô˵ĻǱߵһƬˮ
ʱüͷôȷЩһԼͳ֮أ
Ҳû취飬ϾŷǺԶܹ̽һЩ鱨Ѿ˲ˣ飬Ҳûʲô֣ǱߵȹڻҶˡ
̾˿ͺյĸˣݿɿϢԴѾ˺ͽǵЩͷǽӴˣɻɣεĽͽٻض飬ͺйء
ͺգ
һ飬ǵһ˵
֯־ͽͺգѾ͸ŷ޵ĸ߲㣬ĿǰѾ˲СӢʩչ⽻ѹո¶ͷǵһźš
϶ĵ˵ͷ
ô׼ô
תͷ˵
ԲӦ䣬ڵгӴҲǽͷصĿĵأǰѶ˻ȥ϶ԼԵģջǻ취͵ġ
˵ֻҪ취ǵĻڹôҸ㣬Ƕû̫Ĺϵ
ҲãҲȷûҪȥʻˮ
ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ȻҪǹŵ飬ǺСûʲô̫ĹϵҲһл⣬ҪʱҪ֧Ԯаŵġ
һЦ
֪ЩϢı򵥣ȻѾǸƹһʡĹǻûе漰˸߲εĻϢɴ˿պĳɾ;ڴˡ
ȻҲͲˣʲôҪĵطİŰɣ֪ʲôʱʱȥһ˵
ЦЦ
ɣҿڳʱʱ鷳ˡ
һ˵
УǾͽпգ鷳һʦһЩҩԷ⣬Ҫһ
˵ͷ
ȥ˵ھпҲ˵
վ΢΢һЦ߳˷䡣
һûõʱ䣬Žˡ
ڳרĲأֱӹȥģ˾һ۾оףŲŲ
Ц˵
ûϵȥˣҲհһķɡ
ʱһЦ
УȻС־ȥʦúģϵ㡣
˿ֱ˵
Уȥæɣһ򷢴ʱˡ
˵ͷ֮绰ҦˣҦ˾Ѿˡ
ôˣ
Ҧֵʵ
ǴæˣܸǱȣߣҴȥǸʮȫʦҪ˼ҺúѧѧԺͿڼҺˡ
Ҧ˵İǣȥ
˼ҵ־ôĽ̸
ҦһЦסֱۡ
⵹Ҳǣһ˼ҲϽô죿
װüͷһ˼
ǾͲѧ£
ҦһЦ
ôУһأ
ͷҡĺͲ˹һ
һȥоһ£ܲܰʮȫطо
С죬Ҧ
ǻ˰ɣҿɲȵʮȫ˵ȥС
ʱһСµӡ
ᣡ
Ҧ˶ʱһؿڣȲأ㣡
ǣݵʯȹ£뵽Ѿȹˣ
һЦҦһߵ
˱֣߱һĹ˹ݺĳɣûŵӵ㡣
ʱѾ͹˷㣬ʦѾ°Ϣˣʣһ΢ֵӰڳڵоʲô
Ҧ˽ȥСĺһʦ
ǰɣѾ˵ˣǺݺݵİһ
ڵϵӰվתЦ˵
ǸʮͷˣһͷͷӵȽ϶࣬е´ĸоǱ϶Ǻиĳࡣ
ˣĩѧ֮кܶණȥѧأ
΢΢һЦİݸҦˣǰȥ˿ϵĶ
˵ҩԷо̽һЩ⣿
־Це˵һһġ
ֲ̽ҵʦһЩҩԷ⡣
ȥŪŵһĲӣʮλҩлвҲи
ҩҲоһоҩԵĻ볢ԷһЩµĶ׼ҩ
־ҲȤʵ
ǵģҵһŷҩڶҲˣ׼һЩҩҩܻܲԭֹŷ
˵ͷʵ˵
Ǻ󣬹ʱҩģȷѾˡ
˵ͷ־ʵ֪ҪʲôҩԵҩģ
ˣøֽͱʸҡ
Ҧ˵ӹֽͱ֮৵д˸ҩԣݸ־
ŷܲ򵥰
Ŀһ־üͷһ֣ȻгЩҩԣҲǴΪգȻͨҩЩҩֵδš
֪ҩԺд˼ҩĵ֣˼һҡҡͷֽ
мҩԣҲû˵֪ϾûЩҩĵĴڡ
־ҡҡͷЦһ
ǰҲ˵ЩҩԵҩģľҲˡ
Ҳε̾˿ܴȻʲôֵҩĶҵǵķΧͺˣټѷ˵ĵЩҩԵҩġ
ҵһ취˵ԡ
־ͻȻ˵
Ŷʲô취
濴־ʵ
ղѾʮȫ˰ɣ
־һЦеӡ
ȷ֮Ʒ
˵ͷ̾һ
ȻʮȫҩĿǷʮ֣֪㳢˼ҩԣ
־һЦݵʵ
ң˼ǣ
ɻ˵ͻȻӦ˹ʱһľϲ֮ɫ


194 ٲݾƪ
־ֻЦеĿû˵
Īʦ֪зںϲͬҩԣ
ϲʵ
ȷ֪һЩҴһũٲݾȻֻǲбʧ˺ܶݣǡôһƪ£ľںϲͬҩԣԴﵽӹƽ͵Ч
־˵ͷֱԲ˵
ǱˣǾԲ͸¶ũٲݾĿģȻǲûɣҼ֮ΪҩҲʮ͸дкøС
ˣ
ʱдϲû뵽Ȼֵ伮ũٲݾĴҲ˵ȴûΪ治ֻǼ˸ֲҩϢû뵽Ȼҩںôݡ
Ҫ֪жûƵĽҩں⣬ϾЩҩҩʵ̫ӴһŪþͲʧܵ³ǺпΣ
һ;ϣ˸ȥԣ඼ѭϵ
Ȼũϵθأĸ滨ݣҽǵҩһһ¼ڲᣬһϧⱾ˷ֳݣĴ֮£Ѿ֪䵽˺η
־϶ĵ˵ͷԣƪвҩںϵķҲûпܵ顣
ʦҵȷǺƪ£֪βܻȡһβĻ᣿
֣µĿ־˵
ǺǣôţˣôȻԼˣֻҪһСæͿˣܲɣҵǿúܿûʲôϵġ
־΢΢һЦ۾гһߡ
ʦ˵
˵ͷ־ܶθڣһǸദˣ̬ҲǷǳĺá
֪û˵ȸʯ
־ʵ
ȸʯҵȷ˵һַǳĿʯҩҿԼҩĵܣֻǷǳϡ٣Ѿûټȸʯˡ
һ˼˵
ȸʯϣԺлᣬܰ˳ңҿȲǳҲһ죬ҵ
־ĵ˵ͷȸʯĴ֮ǳϡ٣˽죬˸֪ʲô׼ȷ˵;˵ȷǼʶ㡢ʶԨ
ҲΪǶʱҪƵҩ˴ϣоȸʯϸ˵ͼƬֻǴ˶ûۼ
ҵǲұ֤һҵֻҪлᣬһʦѰȸʯ
΢΢˵ͷһ˵
ãֻҪУܲҵǾˡ
־һЦо仰ô˵ʱУʱĪǿ󡣡
ʦ̬ƽͣʧȫȻģ
΢΢һЦ־ѡ
·־ߵ˳һ۵Ľǽߵһϸڣڵڵĵطһ΢΢һ̣ڳһɫĤŵĶ
ǰһСģʱȥ֮ûãϵ˺۾ԶˣѾ졢ͱƪ͸ˡ
ıĤݸ־ʮָиŵЦ
˹˺ıĤһܽҳʮŵӣһӵģ˱Ĥ
չҳɨ˼ۣǰ඼Ǽ˸ҩĵ״һҳᵽҩԵķֻ˵һңҳʧˡ
ˣˣ㲻ѧϰʮȫôһʦ
ҳݸҦˣƵķŽֵЦһ䡣
ᣡ
Ҧ˺ߵһһȻĽȥѧˡ
ԭѧ򵥣ϸ㣬ʵûʲôѵģֻҪһЩؼţͻӪֺúȡ
־һЦкҦ˵ǱߵĮ̇ȥʼְֵĽ
ѧϰҦˣ΢΢һЦҡҡͷߵ˳⣬ľľɫ֪ʲô
ֱҪʱϢĳʦ׷׻׼дϵĿˣ߻˳
ôϸѧΣ
Цеʵ
˲μŶ
ҦѾһΧȹʱϲ̵ôӹҨһ˹
ζܲһѣѧô
һ꣬ʱ˴Ĵָ
ʦͽ
Ҧɫһ죬С˵
õԺܸ߰һǴ˲پߣټóһҲֻǸʱˡ
־ӣһЦôһ䣬Ҧ˵ʱˡ
ˣʱҲˣϸҲæˣ߰ɣԺлϸֽ̡
˷һԵİҦ뿪ֹݡ
˴ʱ仹磬Ҳ͵й䣬ʲôóԵĶСһʱҲɴϳԣ߳Ա߹䣬ڶ˵ʱ⡣
ߵһ͹㳡㳡һ޴ĵڲһϢ˵ŽѾȷҪغһͶʼƻһʽѾ׼λ
滹ᵽϼһλҪĸ˽Ѿִ˹ݣȫ濼ͶʻԱһ׼ϼ徿˭ˣ浹ûᵽ
ǨƵģһŵĻع飬ȻҷǸˣڹڵļ˵ȴԲһϢ֪Ҫ߶ٷ롣
פۿţҦҲͣ˽Ųһӣ߿˵
гôܲҵֶΣûңЩľһҡ
Цҡҡͷ
ԭڵĴ󻷾Ѿһƽ͵״̬ҵĵǰһֻŽƽĳ϶췭ظġ
Ҧҧӣ˵
Ҳû취һĵƱػþϴƣبŲɣҪƽദǸܵ顣
ʼüͷ΢΢һ
ǰǰûڻʲôչȻǨƻõЩٹ̵ļҲǳصģڹٷͬС
Ҧ˵˵ͷЩҵĻҵ鷳Сأ
Ϳҵʵˣ˼ҿŷ۰˰ʱ䣬Ҳǵĵ̫˰ɣ
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մ̵Сͷһ󷭹εҡͷһЦҦſĺ촽ᴵ˴ȴһӵ¶ȣһ˵ĺ촽
Сèԣû˸
˹Ҧ˵Сӣװ˵
ᣡҪ˼ҵıӣͦˣ
ҦһţӵСһɰİ


195 Ϸ̯
˳Ŵһ·й䣬ǰԶĽֵͻȻʼӵƺҶȥ
죬Ҳȥ
Ҧ˸СŮһֽеĺ˷ܣǱС˹ȥ
㣬Сû˶ĵطҪȥ
ЦŸź棬˵˽ֵǱߣŷԭ·߰˺ֵܶС̯ʲôȦȦ״ģӲѡߵģдýġ
ղһ˾ΧǸıϣϰڿĭɵĽ淨
һѹһ߸Ĳ·һ飬ֻҪŴһ·̰壬ͻᵯȥﵽ׵ĸ߶ȾͿԻô󽱡
һսֻҪʮ飡ֻҪʮ飡ﵽ׵Ķ壬ͿԻýĴ󽱣ʯ̵һֻгֵһԪңûҪսһ
ϰһɫУһ̵ʯ
ʮԪͿԲһһԪҵʯֳʱܶڴΪ⶯һȥǮ˴ֿʼ
һԹʮˣû˿ͻ׵ĸ߶ȣ˵Ǵﵽˣ鵯ȥʱ·ǿĵĵԽߣҲԽ

һʮ׳ʵĺȥһ׾ϣ׳ʵؼ߸ߵĳ·һǷǳˡ
ʮǮ˿ĭһץǸӡ
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·һӽСŮ˴һ˻ֱۣһʮϣŮҰ޵ĸо
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Χ۵Ⱥڶʱһ̾Ϣôǿ׳ĺӶҵǾûϣˣʱܶϰܲܵﶥ
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˳һߣҦͯĴ󷢣·ÿһϷ˹ȥеϰ嶼ᣬȦȦӲҵϷǰٷСָĴġ
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񾭴¶ʧȥ˿ƣķ˵ڵĸоֻаأطѾԼˡ


196 ֵ
ȽĿѧѾЩϸ΢ĵط˾ֲƬͿԷȴûʲôõİ취ȥָϸ΢ˣһ¾ǿ
ķʧܣȻǳˣڲȴһ㣬û½
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197 
ڹ㶫úõ˼죬֪ǱѾ˾ʣϷݣҦҲͲؾˣֱɻص˶
ûüʲôؼң˾ڹ㶫úõĲɹһ·ɻǴС˼ҡ
ҦǱ߻ĹҪæĵһ˴һѵĶص˻Է
һƿţͿ˴˯£վڿֱŤˢҶϦ

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һۼһĻأʱѾǾˣ΢΢С죬ôĿʩ룬˵


198 
æһͣڶҲͨˣͷؽڴһЩˣֻҪϢһЩʱ䣬Ȼͻָ
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202 δ̵
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204 
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еλĨ˻Ǹֻ࣬ӦλãĨ˺һ㣬λĨûʲôãȻ˷ѡ
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˼ӣڵϵ۳ԱһǵǱܣǾͿҩ˷õʱ䡣


206 ߻ħ
ڴҩҨһҩȥͿĨһǾ͵ʼ˱չһѾϰģʽ
Ű֮󣬷ҩˣ֮ǰĵãָ֮һֵŰȻҩ
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209 ҵ
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촽Сĺһڳļ书ǲףһ
Ȼû¾ôˣԺ鷳СѶˣϾǸŮӣչ˵ĵطСչһ
۴һЦֵ
ǵȻģǲ˵Ҳô
˰֣Ҳ΢΢һЦ
Ǣһ̸һЩľ飬۴Ѽҵѧתƶ΢һ֪ڴʲô⡣
תصѧʹˣҲ̲ס˫һŹ⣬תƵ˵Ĺּתƣ֮һ͵Ĺ޷˺
ĵѧȻǲЩѧĩ֮ණѧϰ
˼۴ɵ̾
ǧ꣬湦취֮ĹҲδؾͲǰҿСղʩչ书൱
۴˵ͷº͵һЦ
ԴҿɲҵǲŲͬĹȻԼӽ϶ѣվǰļϣҲ书֮󣬲ŸԴ书뷨ɣ
ǫЦ
Сͣܽ书ڻܹͨܺõĽϵһ츳֮Ѿضԣѭǰ˵ĵ·ǽ·ѣһ죬Լĵ·
۴Ŀһۣ˵˵ӦòڼȻھ㹻²ܹղ֮Ҫ˵Լͺá
һģİһ֮£ʱϿ϶и㣬ҲԶһЩʱĹ
˵ͷżЦ
⵹ǲһȷǿԽԼʱ䡣
۴Ҳͷ΢˼һ󣬶ʱ˵һ֮룬֪СܷӦ
˵
΢΢һЦ
źҼҵĹǶǰһżȻĻģ³ûеڶŹ
۴˵Ȼȷûصľ飬Ҳ޷ָСʾˣԺһʱ򣬲֪ɷæһ
һʱˣԭǵļİĹʲôѹأһźϾҪͼһ϶ҪһЩ˽⡣
ȻҲСѰװæֻҪСѴӦҿת汾СѲһգ٣ͿСѵıˡ
۴һ˼ģæ׳һ޷ܾ
֮ǰѾΪ̵棬ȾһתƵŵ㣬ʵŹǱȽϺѵģҲǼҵ߹ˡ
һɲ֪֮ˣ֪תžѧ̲סҪһЩõľѧÿһŶĵط
ҵ˼ûκκôҲһģֻźҲǺ˽⣬ʲôط󷴶ǾͲ̫ˡ
һЦȴǫ˵
СѲص⣬ʣ԰һûʲôģŹȻҲԼĸ߽֮£϶Ǵкôġ
۴һ㣬ɲȥЩ飬ֻ΢΢һЦΣСѿɷӦ
Ȼû⡣
żԥػص
ʱһЦ
ãСѹȻʹ죡
۴һЦղײգҾʹСȥһתΣ
ҲãҲûʲô顣
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
뿪ú󣬼ȥúõĵϢһ⼸ͲҪˣԼȥ˸
˵ȥתȥˣ
һɫ鷿ڣ̷еëʣüͷ΢ʵ
ǵģӦ˸һʱ䣬תơ
վڻľԣһĥЩŲ̃һߵͷ˵
ҪʲôĪ濴СӲɣ
¶һ˿ɻ顣
ǿǱһպҪϾҲǺףԷǷҲа
˵˵ͷȻϣŮ˳˳ˮҪʲô߰ıʡ
ôأСӵȷе㱾£ȻôˣǾȹһӰɣֻһʱ䣬ٺãĶӦҲޡ
̻ĵ˵ͷ
ҲΪʲôֻһʱԭ򡣡
Ҳͬ⸸׵Ĺ۵㣬Ͼֻж̶̵һʱ䣬תƿǼҵѧ˲һûʲôοֻǶ̶̵һʱ䡣
ҵµһң۴棬һ·ϻأкüطеһ⣬Щܹ񣬻Щ汾µġ
żʵľɵܣ˴Լؼµİ˳ϣһֻһ飬۴һӣ̸Ǳ顣
ʽװɫƤʷ棬ĸվĴ֡תơ
ǼҵѧĹȻҲкܶ࣬˵Ӧûʲô
۴ݸϴЦ˵
ÿɷĵ˵ͷûж˵ʲôӹǰϸĴһ󷭿һҳʼ
һʱ䣬ܿپͿٰɣҾ㡣
רעӣ۴Ц˵һùţһھĴ
ӷһҳʱͱžѧˣòŹλˣڵôϡĵطȻܹء
ÿ֮ģзǳǿҵĸӡǣҲΪʲôֱɱ˵ǿԭڡ
ɴŲͬӡǵϵһ𣬳ǸԸȻᵼ³ͻǿڱǲԶġ
ǴתžѧˣȴǽһĴڣ԰κһȻҲЯĸӡǡ
־תЩԽЩİˣǰü۴Ĺĵڡ
ŹĴʼ˲ûʶԼѾεľ磬ȴˣΪľǼߣȻ֪Щʲôı仯
벻ССһ򣬾Ȼ˶ྪž֮Ǵط̫ʮʽǰŶתƣǿһһľѧ
ǵֻǾϵĲ㣬г֧ţƾЩ˵ԣ󾿾ֵز


211 ҹ
缢ƿʵķŶתƵ汾ȻΪΪϵԭ򣬺ܶ๦ʱ޷ᵽⲢв
ʹЩģ¶ĵطҲǿԺȵȥʱп򣬻ߵȵպΪ㹻ʱٽ
ӵǿ˵˵ǼһˣһСʱڽеĹҲʲô⣬缧۴˵ͨĹ˵ô
ļŹڹƽƽ֮⣬ļ书һһľѧõ涼ʧѾã˶Ѿ˼С
ôƽһڹķƾļټнָİٶǿ˶ޱȣһ֪ˡ
۴һӵʱ䣬Ҳ޼ѡ
ȻԽ棬Խѣ˶̵ʱڣѾӵ൱һӵĹѾԾ󲿷˵°ˡ
Լȥ˼СʱĺеؼıĿһʱ䣬ȷѾؼݶֺļ֮ٶ˫ۡ
ôСѾˣ
һԵļ۴Ҳ۾΢΢һЦ
ȻûУžѧǼҵѧȷǷҿ֮ԭϵɻéٿεĲҰܴ󡣡
ҡͷһЦؼ˼۴
ٶ࿴һ
۴ӹؼֵĿһ
ˣ̰ãΪʱ򣬻Ǿβֵ
ᶨҡҡͷ
һ˵ļ۴ǰͷĺøһ֣ϳ˵ľѧͰǰȻܹĿĵ̰ǿĿպضгϢ
ֻǼ۴֪ȻԿɫ쳣ô罫黹ԵɣΪѾؼݣԺȥУһʱ
ȵصʱŮȫΧڿɳϣһţ͸еЩԾƺŮЩһ᲻ĸоƽʱҶϦҲ
ôˣһͷɥģ
ЬЦʵ
û˵ĬĬĿҶϦһۡ
ҿҪ뿪һʱˡ
ҶϦ̾˿̧ͷ˵
뿪һʱ䣿ȥԣ
ֵʵ֪ҶϦҪ˶ʿѧλΪҪȥؿ֮ġ
ǣҪȥʦԹߡ
ҶϦҡҡͷ

һԵɳϣüͷ΢ﲻ𣿷Ҫܵطȥ˵һˣ컹ñë
ⷬ˵ҶϦһЦɫֳ
ʦҪߣҲ֪ҴС͸ʦ֮ŻģҲܲʦĻôʦҲûңο϶ʲô顣
ҶϦε˵
ʲôҪ飬ʦˣҺ˵˵Ժָ
ؿڣһôקӡ
ʦ˺ܺõģеƧ㲻Ҫͻ
ҶϦæ˵
ɵѾͷúõҺʦͻʲôѵһԲϾͺɱô
ʱһͷ
ѽʦˣϦ˵ǺҪˣǲ뿴֮ʲôĵط
һۣ§ҶϦ˵
ǰⶼףͷ
ҲվҶϦߣӵĿһ
ðɣһģҿ˵ǣϢɣϦʦ˵
εҡҡͷط˼ϴ·һȥϴȥˡ
ҹ˾ʱڷﰲͻȻ˫ۣĸ֪ɱȷΧĴˣղһ˲䣬ѾԺһˡ
ηǳѸ٣Ʈ쳣ƻߣʵѸ磬֮ʹԶ˱Ժ
һţѾӴϵ˴ߣԺվһôˣ߻һˣһȻҶϦ
΢΢һ۾˲Զһʱ򣬵ҲͷǸһۣ۵פأڵôʱҲյ˴ľ
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΢΢˼£ֱӴܸ˹ļԱ
ӽԺӵ۳Աͣ˽ŲٶȳפأͷβǶû˿·ڰеӰһںһ
˺ܲ򵥣Ϧôʶģ
ҶϦͷ΢Цʵ
ʦҵѣҴѧѧܡ
ҶϦס˵ã΢΢һЦ
ԭˣɽôˣΪûжٳǲǶеѾ
΢ӦһҶϦϵϢöʱֵĿһۡ
˼ҲкŬʦûĽѡ
ҶϦС
ƭʦʲôӣʦ֪ܲСӣҪʦǼһֱ㣬żûȥ
õһҶϦĶͷЦһ䡣
ʦҪȥܲﰡ
ҶϦĿŵʵ
ȻˣʦҲ׼ڶģڿɽǺǵľСè뿪ʦһ˸û˼
ҡҡͷĿĿһҶϦ
˼Ҳȥɽİ
ҶϦŤӣһ
ʦҲһҪֻǼµʱѾҪʦǰʱɽһΣȴ˶飬Ӽ֮ڶ޷κˣʦҲû취ȥġ
̾˿ḧһҶϦ㷢
ʲôʦˣô
ҶϦһæ̧ͷɲĿŵʵ
Ҳ֪ôһ£֧ŻصУͻ˹ȥһֱڶ
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ˣʦҾ͸ȥ
ҶϦĬһ˵
ɵӣʦ֪᲻ѣԲŻҹ㣬Ҫߣ㵽ʱ᲻á
΢΢һЦʮְ˵
ʦ
ԹĿ˵һۣҶϦƵ̾˿ת׼ȥʰ
ʱһӰͻȻԺҶϦתʱÿһĻʱ΢΢һ㶣֮ڷ￴һ
ôˣ
ҶϦʵ
ˣܲ𣿡
΢΢һЦ
˺ÿĹϦǸѰɣѹָղܲڿӣȴ޷Էλãԭôɫһλſ
Щ´һΪĸһֵĸֶԱߣû뵽Ȼôһˡ
Ϧ㿴˼ңͣΪԶʤ㣬ô˼Ҷѧѧأ
΢΢һЦֵĶҶϦ˵


212 
ʦ
ҶϦתһŽ
ʦ˵ˣ
ôȰһЦʱϦ϶С鷳ɣ
ȻƽʱȷǵƤһЩϻͦġ
΢΢һЦ

ҶϦʱȻʦǰ˵ǵһš
ƶ̣ƽʱڶü֪Сʦкη
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ϦĿǰûаʦȫһ񡣡
Ҳ˹֣ЩӴɽˣڻŹʱڣЩȽǿһǣһִС
СʹǷˣϦûץסԵߣȻи
ʦ̫΢΢̾˿
ʦͻȻˣҽ˵Ծȴʦһ
ҶϦ뽿һͻȻǰʱʩƼϵ˿ڣʱɫһϲ˸߲ҵ˵
ŶСѻͨҽ
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ƶûв´ĻСӦǴطɣ
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ʦ̫֪طˣӦǲˡ
ҲЩȣû뵽þȻֻƾҶϦһ׼ȷĲµǺط
⵹ƶжǵۼطȷл׹ǵ湦ЧûǴĻһطˣӦҽŶԣСǴӺδѧģ
ʦֵ̫ʵ
Ǵӱ𴦵õطģҾ֪ҽѾˡ
ûȫ˵ϾҲ֪ʦ̫ʲô·֪ĽֻҶϦʦôһ򵥵Ϣ
ˣѹ֣ôڴ̽䣬ȴһ޹ԭҽѾˡ
ʦ̫ʱ˸ţ̾˿
˹һҽҲ⡣
Ҳ̾Ϣ
ղϦСѵĴطƺѾ˱Ƚϸľ磬֪ɷΪСͽˣ
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˵ͷԱߵҶϦʱĵЦôɴĴӦȻǿϡ
ûйϵСѿǰȥһƶѾˣܲκãҲֻˣŲֻ˵Сͽдһ٣Ҳûа취顣
ʦ̫мһЦ
Ϧȥʰɣȥ˵һ£ͳɣʦƳʲôԤϵı仯
ʦ̫΢΢һЦҶϦ˵ת˴š
˺ܲСѾͷڳˡ
ʦ̫Ŀ뿪ıӰҶϦͷ΢΢һЦ
ʦ˵ʲôأȥʰ·ˣ
ҶϦߵתͷһ̵ܽ˱ټԺʣһϮ۵ʦ̫վ¹⡣
ķ䣬һšŰ֣Ѿ˷棬ʱ㻹ڳ˯ţȫ֪淢ʲô顣
㣬㡣
գСĺ
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ˣǵ¾ˣǱеȽżϦĴʦˣȥʲô
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ֻһ£۾λεĻ̵΢΢һУڲʮ֣
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ţ֪ˣҲҪСİЩеˣڻûץأ
Ҳĵ˵
İɣһעģ˯ɣ컹Ҫϰأ
΢΢һЦһĶͷ뿪˷䣬˳ִ˷š
Ǳ߱ҲҪȥ֪ͨһߵſڲŷѾˣԭҶϦѾȥˡ
أ˯ɣҪҹҲͻˡ
˽ȥЦ˵
ţ·עⰲȫ
˯֮ҶϦ֮Ժ
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͵֮ȥ׼Ʊʱȴһ⣬ʦ̫ûЯ֤
ʦ̫֮ǰôģ
ͺֵʵ
֤ҵУûɻһĵɳҹġ
ʦ̫΢΢һЦ
ͨ˵û֤ǿ϶ܵǻģɻƱ򲻵ⲢѲʹ˸ɫ˹˱ŵĹϵӵʱѾԤŻƱ
ǰӺ࣬ŻƱ֮ſͺ뿪ˡ
ںһ죬ʱܿ͹ȥˣ˷ɻֻСʱĹߵǾѾ˳ɶ
ӶüɽûзɻֱֻĳɶȻٴӳɶüɽ˴ӻֱӴһ⳵ֱ˶üû˷һʱ䡣
˵ңѾ˶üɽη˳֮󣬳˻࣬Ƿɿʧ˷
˵ĹȻǲͨ˵ɽ·ҶϦӣĸʦ̫ƮݵˣɽּɿתŲƣһ·ͣĸüɽ
ƶĵطˣеªСѲҪ⡣
һžɵǰʦ̫ͣ˽Ųͷ΢΢һЦ
ﻷܲҪһ飬Ҳһʱ䣬Ǹ徻ĺȥ
ʮĴһۣǰѾЩ߲ĺۼּȴʮдľ֣ʾޱȵĹ
ֲ󣬽ȥ֮󣬳ǰԺ⣬Ҳֻʮ䣬ɽгԵĶԼֲɽժģֱһ볾ģ
ʦ̫һӭ˼λεСãǺҶϦвͬѾȵĳˣطɵʿ
ЩСǺʦ̫ãһѷΧ˸ҶϦԱߣȵĽ˺Ҷʦ㣬˺Ҷʦãֻһ
ˣȱˣΣ
ʦ̫ͽǵЦ֣ɫʵ
ʦʦûʲô仯ǻԲѵڴϡ
һС͵͵ĿһŻʦ̫Ļ


213 
鷳Сơ
ʦ̫ǸһЦ
ʦ̫ؿΪˣҲӶϵˡ
΢΢һЦ˰֡
һС˵æ濪ʼ·չ䣬Ǿ͵˺һû䣬ŵһŨŨҩζ
ʩܼ򵥣һľĴһӣûʲôֵһĶˣһɫҰ׵Բѵڴϣϸһӡ
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ڵʦ̫˵ĿҪصĶ࣬澭ϵĲˣڻʣһֻ˵Ǹ󣬻һˣһغˡ
֮أȻԼֵڣ
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صʱҾͷѾ첻ˣȫƾһӲŻģǸһŴ󻹵ֵڡ
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ҺֵһλɮԨԴյһŴ󻹵
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ѹ֣ڵ֮أǰӦˡ
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ˣִֶܼãһ·ܻ϶ʲôҪ
ĵ˵ͷ²˳٣ץʱҪһпܾͳŲȥˣûҩģ
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˵һ䣬ϵС˳ȥһĹֽͱʣֽдҪҩĺͷʦ̫ӹһۣԸСȥȡ
Ϊüƽʱɼղ˲ٵҩģҪÿһҩﶼУܿ죬һѶѵҩľͷ˷ϡ
ܣ̿ʼЩҩģڶڴҩѾ൱Ϥֻ˲ʮӵʱѾǰҩȫϡ
ҩĵʱСҩ¯
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ЦҡҡͷЩСÿ´Сʹھˣô˵ûˣͻȻ˵Щͺġ
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ҶϦ΢΢һ㶣ʼ֪Ҫ۾˺ĻŷӦ˹æӦȥϵ·
Ѩλá
ϿգҶϦæƶѨλϣνѨҲǳ˵ĶۣУϵһҪѨ
ѨλãͿѨλΪԭ㣬жϳѨλڵ׼ȷλãϾ۾Ҳǰʶ鿴ֻˡ
ʹַҲϤȫѨλȻ޷۾ʩ룬֮׼ȷǳ˿Ĳ
չİֲͨһǣ֮£İʱȫϿգһʮŸ̲һ롣
һζȫˣΪڵʵ̫ˣͨȫ޷ָҲֻܾһˡ
Ľȫ¶һǴҪǣĶǽǵķΧȷİѿѨλĵص㡣
һһ˫һɿ趯ɲǼʮŸѾһƬ⣬ٶȿ۸
˵ҶϦˣҲܸٶȣֻܹͨĹָͨٿķ裬˵һͬʱʮŸ룬Ҳһ޴ս
ֻӲĶͷϾѾ߳˶ĺ飬ɼжôĳĵΣҪĻģеƣĸԭڡ
ʮŸ룬ÿһµѨλͬǳҲһһ֮ڣЩƽҪ任ʮѨλѸٶȣʹҲг
⻹Ϊ֮Զ˵Եʣƽ֮ˣְܼӶѾ˲õˣʱҲڻɵûܹһ㡣
ϾżΪǿ֮ˣǷǳټġ
ʩʱӳԭֻǵ⣬ѾһƬɫȫɵתŨս׵ڸˣҲ˿Ӱ
ҶϦŴϵǸ룬ǵ֮ɫվһԾĹۿϳǿһеԲ֪жˡ
濴һֱʵҪޱȷӵĲάĴڡ
뷨Ϊȡ֮Ƽ⾳ڴطѾǷǳ߽׵뷨֮һ϶ǻַ뷨ĸߵͣѾ޽ӽ߽׵뷨
ά˴Сʱ֮ڵͻȻһϣеĶʱ΢΢ͣһ£ԭʵ̾ͳƣŨܵȻĵһЩ
͸ǲ䱡ԼǾ߰塣


214 ͻƣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬һҧ⣬Ѫζǿᾫڵʱʢ˲ĹǱ䱡ٶʵ
΢΢˿ʱļо񣬸ղŵһ㵼¹һǰǰɢˣطҲʧˣʲôȻҲö˵
ʱĻţϿʼϸ΢ƣβΪʧ£ǻطѾ˺ڣҪƼĽ׶ˡ
һ߲ٿʩ룬һ߻ĵźƼʱ̣ҪȫӪ⾳볹׵˺ѿС
Ĭ˼΢֮£ȫ߿ۻ֮˲ͨ˫ֱۣע֮ڡ
ͻȻҲֻ˼¶ѣûг׵˺ѿһεĳԾʧˡ
ʱ΢ǹֱͨ۵˲ǲ޷ɹʩչطһƼַ
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΢˼һһ֮ľǾǳڵᣬֱǿͻƿ
ҪȫһͷţһҪͻƵľǴͨζ
ζҪ磬·ĻѨΪ㣬ϣ֪µĳнѨơ
ӻѨź󱳵ļ׵ߣﶥ­λãٴ֮䣬󵽴ѨǶ
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·ǰһ˿ϣֹͣǱɣû˿ԥһٶȳ
εʧܺ󣬾͸ԽԽǿۿҪ֧ŲסʱͻȻһ΢ĺζڻѨĸͻȻʧˡ
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ʦ̫ʱɫһ䣬ԭº͵ɫʧӰ٣ȡ֮һĺ˪
ţɵģҩҲôױǴˡ
˵ͷ۽һ顣
ΪʦĴûֱź֮ܽࡣ
ʦ̫һ䣬ɱʢĻг֮˵徻̬֮
һԵҶϦû˵֪ʦ˵˭ǵ꺦ôʦҵǸˣʦ
ǸҲˣ£ԭǵǹúܿĵģǺȴΪԼʵ˱ˣҩ
ʧȥһңѰʱ򣬱εʦ̫ˣ̿뿪ʦ̫÷𷨸лս˾¡
ʱǸлҵǶˣûƭͷʦ̫Ȼдŭķȴûµɱֻ֣ǽѵһǸС
ص˾֣ʦ̫ȣһͷ㷢Ӵնϳš
𷨺ŵʱʦ̫޷׵նϷ֮ԾȸһķţԺķˣһš
û뵽ȥ֮ã֮ʱȻǸˣٴȦףǲûˣԭȻֻΪһ
˽ǰʦ̫ܲŭôķ𷨣Ҳ޷ѹзڵɱ


215 ǿ
ϢϵʱѾ߰˵ˣɽҹر𰲾һЩ⣬ûһ˿һԶ
ߵԺı˫ۣŴȻ֣һʱ侹ЩС
һ䷿֨ѽһҶϦ˳˫۾վԺʱ΢΢һЦ
ҴȥԵ㶫ɣһ죬ûʲôӶˡ
ߵǰҶϦЦ˵
ʵ书˵һ첻ԷһڲԷҲʲô飬ҲǹҰɡ
ãҲеء
˫ۣҲЦܺãκһ棬һΪƿͻˣζһͨڶʱͨȻûӣʵȴǴˡ
ͺñһˮԭͨһС׻ȻûǿԽеˮ̼ӿȻǲͬն
˾ֵիãƽʱԷĵط˶ѾԹˣҶϦ˵իˣָ˵㷹ô򵥵ĳ
ǲԻģƽʱԵĶԼֵ߲˺ɽҰˣζԵ޲ڣӼֱһ
Ըϰ߰ɣ
ҶϦĶ棬ֳԴЦеĿԷ
ţͦõİ˶ƽ
΢΢һЦ
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ҶϦС˵
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˰ּ֣һӵĲˡ
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˹ʱ΢΢һЦ
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η˼پ֣δԶӭˡ
ЦͬʱһƵҲӾﴫ˳̾͵쳹ܵĹЦ
̣һʮ꣬㻹Ǹӡ
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ٶ֮죬书֮ǿҶϦɫ䣬ʱȴƵķ꣬һ仰˵ͬʱһɨֱӽϵͬ˿ڴ

ӰʱŭǰȻˣеĶʱצһ䣬ֱӶץ˹ȥ
һ֮£ʧի֮ڣٳ֮ʱѾվԺҶϦի涯˵ˡ
ӰԺһҲһɫӰ׷ʦ̫Ҳϵ˶ʱƷվԺѶľֵӡ
Ϲôû㻹һ˲˹ӡ
ʦ̫˵Ǿ֣ɲ
Ӱ¶Ŀԭһ۵ͷɫ࣬촽ǵϺɫˣ߷
ֻ̣ǾһСõ㣬Ҳˣ֪Ĺ򣬵õ˵õļ洫
̻һЦתͷĿһʦֿ̫һߵСӣҴϷˣѾܶ궼ûˣĵӵǲС
ûʲôŵ㣬ǵӴ󣬴С˼ҾͿɵ󵨡
΢΢һ̣ЦЦĿŷ̻͡
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̻ȶԸʦ̫΢΢һԭְһ΢΢һӲֹס˽Ų书ȻдǱϾûۼ
úã
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۷̻ܣܱܿһƣ˿


216 ̧ͷ
һ̻Ͷʱһ˿裬ȻŹֵһĻҲеľһ뵽ôᣬаԳЦһ̥￪ʼôܱȵ
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һԿһĻʦ̫ҲΪ书ɫҲ˵ģӲƴΪĻôõķϹĶ֣
˽ֵٶʵ̫죬ʦ̫ȥʩԮ֣ҲˣֻĿ˵ƶԵһ𣬷̻ϾҪֵһ˿ЦݣȴԵʱ̼ʧӰ١
һɺȻ˲Ĵһ֮ʱ쳹֣̻⧲֮£ֱһƺɣ֮Ҳһ˿Ѫ
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ƣһŵķ̻ͣ΢΢һЦ
ղź˲˹ͷһƣ̾ͷͷжԲŻ˲䲪һֱ֮ӻȥĵľ綾
Сӣ˹ʦ˭ѵǰĹעˣ
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СӣϷˣϷϷֻʦǺˣ˹֮ٲ֪ôͱϷĺˣ
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ƭһƽʮ깦ʲôƭģõɱһʲô֣ûʦһ񣬶ֲÿκεĺɱңҲ鷳ġ
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ɱңɱңҵͷܵõӵǿ׷ɱҶ꣬ȴﶼ֪
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澭мص书ǷǳĶž׹צҲ⣬רͷǹǣɱ֮༫ң˶㣬˫ָжʯ֮
ıƴ书˿ηϹʽ֮£ǹ˼Ϲжǲ֪ʲô·ľ綾ðա
ϾڵĴҲ΢ﻹڰеһʱ˾綾ʵ½֮ץ˿ɳ֮Ǿǵ˴ùˡ
ڴˣһѾֱӭȥһĨһէֱӳ轣Ϲ˫˺ֵزҲǾԲܺĸɵ轣ġ
Ѿ˵ǵǷ켫ɲǼѾ˷̻͵ȫȻδ͸ĺȴǼȫĺë
ÿǵ⾿ʲô̻Ҳ֪ԲСԲ
ó轣Ը̻Ͷʱ࣬ʹбҲǲµģ෴Ϸˣ˷̻ͣҪ׹צж
̻˱Ƶԭضѣ˴˰죬϶ûʲôԵ˺ۣһת̲µͼԭҪιжѡ
С۾΢΢һת̻ץסһܵĻᣬ˫һ裬˲䱬ʮצӰȻӲıƿĽ⣬ִ뻳У͵һ͵ķĩ
ĩ֮󣬷̻ͿҲһת̾ڿն׼ӳ˵
ɫĩ㲻ΪҶϦˣ㿪ˣЩ˿ɾˣȻ֪ɫĩûжԿ϶Բʲôö
Ȼһըۻʱ͸һ߿֮ʱ𣬾޴ͷֱӴ˳˲ͽǰɫĩһɶ
ͷ֮ܳûʧǶڿķ̻ײ˹ȥϵѶͷŷһһ㡣
ֻʮײľ룬Ѿ׷˷̻ͣȻһײϣڿ޴ֲִٽеķ̻ͶʱݺݵĻɣоһѪ
˿ʼֵ̻ɴܣٵڴܳɰеķ̻ͣмֻǶ̶̵ļʱѣʦ̫⣬ڳͿһĻ
Ͼڴܳʵ̫ˣ仹ںҹ֮УͨɢŵɫԵøۣĳŵ˿ˣȥٲһ·
һͨζȫȫᴩ֮󣬲ʹóԭĽʮûһдڵģһеĹԴġ
ûгĿ޷ʹ˻ʽΪƹǿԲ׵ʹһг


217 
̻ͱɵһ̣׷ȥһУʱ伣ˣҲټĳ˴Ӵܵٶȡ
Ҳȫջ׷˺УȻûץ̻ǸϹȴץˡ
һʼͶ棬ϹֻӴܵʱҲͲסˣϽһ׼·
ϧǣϹ书߳ǺֹһǱˣҲҪö࣬һʤϢ֮£˵书ֱ׾ӵĲһ
Ȼ֪˭ǰҹھҲʲôˣҲ˳ץ˻ȥʦ̫˾ʲô·
˼׷һʼ뷴оƷǣһһķ˾֣ʱ˶ԺֱӽֱӵԺ롣
ǸϹˣһ־͸ʧһҲҲˣץˣ֪ʲô·ʦ̫ʶ𣿡
֣Щϧ˵
ʦ̫ԭΪΪ𾪣Ȼô׵ľͻ˷ϹҪ֪ͷϹ֣ʤҲֻ֮䣬ô˵ĻҲ˵ҲĶ֡
ɷϹһУֱǾ׵һʮ׵ľܳһĻľʵ̫𺳣ŹʮƵĴҲƷȻ
ʲôʱԺﶪˣһ˵ģʦ̫ʱŭӿ۹Ķסһˡ
Ǹ𪣬°룬ĺǱ£˵꣬ʮֵķΡ
μҳɣ㾡Ȼҵƶͱ㣬ʡĴΪˣ
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˳ԺеʱĶסҧ°ͣƺżʹֻ࣬Ҳȭͷֱϵ¹ҫɼ
ߣСǲʶ˽ӣ֮ǰֳңǰʱҵһöȻٴΰ¶֣ɥ
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ĻԺ˶һߵӣ޲ýڵϵĺμҳǧС
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΢һ˼ʱ˹ô˵ĻϹˣ֪ʦ̫Ķ֣Բȥ˰
ʮа˾žˣǸ˵ҵ
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֣ʦ̫˵ʱΪβ֣
Щɻ󣬺μҳȻĶ֣ȴǵ书ͺܵͣ෴ԣ˵书൱ģٱСöߣʦ̫ڣ͵Ϯ֮ǾԿԵֵġ
ʦ̫뿪죬ȴһֱû֣ȴе㲻ϳ
˵˵
ʱμҳɱǸæ˵˸ٵȴиִڣƾ˵϶Ǵ򲻹ģҲûȵʲôᣬǾɽȥ˷ǰæ
ߣԭɽȥʱҲ뿪ȥϦʱʱһ£ǲûҵ֣ǵӣ÷Ϲһ
ʦ̫һ㣬ʱ˸ԭί
Ҳǵ˵ͷвɵһЦ˻˼㣬Ȼʦ̫һǰһɽʱȴ뿪ˡ
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ܼϣɱ˵ĺãٻˡ
ʦ̫ɱʢ޲ýμҳɰƤһйͷ֮ޡ
֪࣬ˣ֪ˣԭһΰɣһȥԺһúõĴ㣬ֲЩɵ˺
μҳͻȻ̧ͷеĿ˵˻ں޵ˮ
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ԭˣȷʵӦõģ֮Ϊһöֻ΢֮ˡ
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ԭǲµģִҪҲûʲô취ǡ˸ղǸϹǿһȥȻôϡͿˡ
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ûϵģòöûϵϦãһĻҲʱϦܶһЩʦ̫ҲԺúõָһϵɻ󡣡
ҶϦ΢΢һЦô˵ˣҾͽҩ裬Ϧķá


218 ɽż
ڶһ磬ľˣ峿ɽּһ֮󣬻صѡһϺõҩģǿһ¯ҩ衣
䷽󻯵ķҩԣһ¯ҩƳʮ֮࣬ţ¶ʮŸҶϦã׼ȥҦ˷á
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İɣҵĹ㻹֪ôҪҿɲô򵥵飬ȥɣһɽˡ
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219 
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һŰ壬ΨһӴͬʱ̿ѪҲڰбײ˿䵽мǰ
ƿԺſڣһ˻˽֮ǰһֱĵĴ棬ֱղ׼֮Ŷ롣

߽Ʊʱˣľګվ֪Щʲô


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ǹͨģα겻αȥһЩҩģܳ׵еľ綾ʲô󻼡
ڴϣ̯İһ˼֪䣬ƱѾϴˣ˼ûгֻһԾĲͷ
˺һǻعһԵƱʱ΢΢һЦϴ
ţϴ˺һˣ߷㣬ûд㣬ʲôأ
ƱԡۣЦʵ
ôܸȫڵĶأϾص̫ˣ໥֮ƽ⣬Ļһƽ⣬ǿɾˡ
ĵ˵ͷ
ҪԼ̫ѹѾˣֻûܿȥϣܰұ˫֮𣬲ԸţֻҪɱıɡ
Ʊվߵߣ˵
Ҫ˵˫֮Ҫгˣٽֱ֮ʲôİɣһ⿪ڵĶأָԭǸɰģ
ǣƱ֣һ£ĵЦҲȾƱһ΢Ц
ſڴϣҪӱʩ롣
ƽ֮ͷƱſľ˲ܡ
ƱԶʱɵſ˴ϣȴεҡͷһЦ
ԡ˰ԡô׼ȷҵѨλ׼ȷλãݲð
Ц˵
Ʊնʱȴûж˵ʲô쵽˸ĬĬĽ⿪ԡ۵Ĵӣֽԡ
ԡտҲƱϴֻһƬԡ۳⻬ļѩ׵ĳԡ۵ȫ覵ĳǰɨ֮¶ʱһš
ȴû˼ȥ컵ķ羰ʱƱļ£ɫ·ѾĴ˿ϵ·Ҫ࣬ѾԿıȽˡ
һ˿ϧֻĸ⻬ļƱʱ΢΢һҲԾļнˡ
úõһŮͱ⸱ģкܣǸƱ·컹ǰһ㣬ȴǻɫ·
İɣһΪӴصģ
˵ƱѾͷĻֻƲĵ˵ͷһ仰Ҳû˵
صڵƣ׼Щһľ綾Ҳû书һۣĿǰ˵ֻҪȽƱڵĶԼɣȰʱӳ˵
һ룬СĽ˱һѨλĹʮŸѾγһƯ÷Ūͼ
Ǻ÷ѩƣطרγʵ뷨ԭĽ˵ãڱԼӸĶһ㣬صĹЧ
ɢƱȫ붼֮ЩͻȻ˸ɫϸ˿Щϸ˿·ʲôһ㡣
ģ÷Ūͼһɹ΢ϴڣอ֮ڵĻӾ綾յĪǣҲʼЩ궯
һ֮Щ綾ȴûʲôӦͣอ֮Уüͷʱ΢ļӴȣȻϣЩӵľ綾ٴδ
ʱĹȥһ˿˿Ũɫ屻˳˳ϣ÷ѩͣԭطš
อлӵľ綾ԽԽ࣬ۼŨɫҲԽԽ󣬵һ̶֮ͻȻΪһŨɫҺƮ
˿ķûʲôӵĵطЧҲȲϻطǳЩӵľ綾ȴǼȺķ
Щ綾ƻһȶ֮вͻʧȥƽ⣬³ȻͲض˵ˣΪ˱һ㣬˵ǽĲٿطӵ˼¡
ֻǶ̶̰Сʱĳ鶾ɫȻһƬɷף̫ȫΪĹ磬΢΢һΣ֪ã̻ջ


222 ԼЧ
ʱ˿̣Ѿ֧ƱڵĻӾ綾ӲҪȥĻһʧֺܾܿͻẦƱɥ̾ͣˣһټ붾ء
ջ֮óһССĲƿ÷ѩеŨɫҺװ˽ȥķסƿڡ
ɱС⼸Һ壬ǿǻʮ־綾֮γɵģҪ۶ֻң»ʬ۱Ҳǲһأȫմ֮е³ʹҲС
˵һεİζƱϵɫ·ԵĵһЩζͦЧģôȥĻο϶ԽЩȫγһЩҩģָҲָտɴ顣
ȵɣԡ۴
СƿӣʱһѾ̱˴ϣɫһƬɷףͷϸϸܵһ㺹顣
ڵصƱæԡۣ´
û°ɣɫôôѿ
˴ϣƱʱǵʵ
û£ǾĹͷˣе΢ͷۣϢһ¾ͺˡ
ЦЦʵͷ۵Ҫѿĸоǵ͵Ĺ֢״Ϊ˲Ʊģװһνӡ
Ʊܽ䣬šһë˳ϸĵĲȥͷϵĺ顣
ôûоһ㣿
ЦЦƱʵ
ţȸղźöˣоڵĶغûôˡ
Ʊ΢΢һЦëͣĲͷĺ顣
ȻˣҵƿǺЧġ
ЩһЦղϵЩɫ·ɰһôĽ͸Ͻʩζˡ
ô·ô˭ϲסĵطﶼûоӵģԼ뿴
ƱһЦҪڵĶأҵָˣ㵽ʱٿҲٰ
ʱ뿴ûôˣû˽ⶾĽڣôԹԵ·أ
װյ˼
ҽȻôʱʲôڲˣ˼Ҷġ
С΢΢һ죬Ʊһ¶ߵͷ
ҲŶʱҾ˵⣬ٸúõļһ塣
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ˣˣ˵㺹ô࣬ϽϢһ¡
Ʊʳָѹס촽˸ơ
ԹԵıˣסƱС֣Լؿ֮ϣ˾ôĶţһĹȻ˯ȥˡ
⻹һ˯˹ȥɼղŸƱ˶ʩչطʱûô
ȻҲһҪԭǾƱУҪҪĶ࣬ϾֻҶϦʦ㣬ƱɾͲһˡ
ԵĻȫİʱ򣬾õŮһԲ͵Ľ̵˱ţԺаæƱĳ֣Ӧ϶ô١
Ʊλȫģ֮ǰǸСӵԺŻȻֽӱ˵ʵΪ̫ŭ
õһŮЩ˵鲻Ӧ÷ϣӦǳúҸĻ䡣
ѣ뾡һзŬĽ⿪ƱϵĶأ¹Ͽֵ˼ȻˣԺǼˣ֮ǰƱһֱչҲֵչˡ
ų˯ŵƱë۾ﲻ֪ʲôʱַỨͻȻ֣ˣҲѡȥ
ĸͻȻȥ䲻Ѿ֧Ųסˣһ˻ʵ̫ˣѾȫû˻ȥ塣
ǿΪ˽⿪ϵĶأȻ۳⸱ӣҲ֮ˣȻһֵжôļᶨΪ۵Ļ˯˹ȥ֪Ǹ˶Ĵۡ
ҲݸƱٶҵ˻ȥ壬ԭ䣬⣬ôŬҪΪһˣҲҪúõػȥ
ĦգƱ֪Щʲô
ڶϣһҹε˯ߣ˹Ӹ붯һ£ͷؿѹһʲô΢΢̧ͷһŷԭƱֱۡ
֪ʲôʱƱҲ˱˯˶ߣֱ۴ؿڣ˯ӡ
ƱĴһ˿ЦݵӣͻȻһůĸƱգʱƱҲ˫ۡ
ˣ
΢΢һЦ
ûأ˯һ
ƱһЦ߼˼§ֱ˫ۣһʱ˯ĵһ֮ǰͲ˯ȥе紵ݶ˾ͻ̾ѹ
ǾͶ˯һɣҲûʲô顣
ֱ۴ƱĲ洩˹ȥı˵ԼҲ˫ۣıĿȥˡ
ֱ͵ʱ˲ǳ׵˹͸˺ʵĴڷ˿˿ƵĹߡ
ƱĶ̷Ц˴ͷĵ绰绰˿ͷ˵ԵĶ
Եʲô
תͷƱʵ
ԡ
ƱıЦŻص۾˿ɰ
뵽һոհһڵĶأһĹ磬ʵ嶼ѵ״̬ǵһЩ嵭ĶԳԣ˳ó׼һѩࡣ
ƱȽǸúúõĲƵҲûʲôöȻص˶Ȼúõ׼ЩҩģƱϸĵһ塣
ȸһضɣڵĶزܵ飬ȰĺãȻһʱϵ΢һЩ֪ʲô⡣
߳Ŷ˵
ţġ
Ʊĺ࣬¶һ˿΢Ц
һСʱ֮Ѿ˻ضĺ࣬ǻ֮ǰʹһ绰ۣǵʱ䣬˳һЩƱҪõҩҲǣǰ׼һ¡
ӵʱ˾ͻص˶˻Ⱥ·ߵͺգƱʱȵĿһۡ
ûɣҵĳ
΢΢һЦ˳ƱȥԼҲ˺
ߵ⼸£Ļͦ书ͻͽСҲ
ƱڳĴһҳô󣬻ǵһôĳأ
ҪϲԺ⳵ȥѧҵĶġ
գգ۾΢΢һЦ
ǲҪˣȥѧУʵ̫ҡˣһʵʵĲаɡ
ƱϽҡҡͷһµӡ
·ѧҪߺԶģǼڲסѧУˡ
Ц˵
һסѧУᰡϿҲͼ·Ĺ򡣡
ƱһۣҲЦ


223 ԭ
ǿɲУڵĶػûأôһ˴һʲô飬Ϲȥ
ʱҡͷǺסһɣⶾҲȽϷһ㡣
Լķˣ
Ʊɻʵ
ȻˣǰģⷿסҲ̫̤ʵ뻹ԼӱȽϺá
Ц˵סȥ֮϶Ƶãʶ
һЦݣƱʱüͷ΢ʶˣ˭أ
˼ſڣ˳ͺչ侶ֱͣ˵³
ķӣ
ƱȻĿǰⶰı
ǰɣסͦġ
΢΢һЦƱ˽ȥ
˼ţſڵĺĤʶϰŪ׼ƱĺĤҲŽ棬Ʊȴ¹ſڵЬϣ˸ʽĸ߸Ь
ƽġ߸ģиָɫҲ൱ǰƯǸǲ˵ˣȫǶĴơ
һ˴ôЬӣ
ƱͻȻûͷûԵһ䡣
ʲôһˣ
ڰŪǸĤʶԶʱعͷһƱָЬһѵĸ߸ЬʱЦһ˵Ȼô࣬˵ЬӶء
˶ǹ񣬾Ϧһ㣬ڴɽģЩƯ·ʲôû̫׷ֻȥʱҲһȥˡ
ö֮ǵЬӾͱôˣЬӻǺõģ·Ƕѳɽ³ǹҵˡ
ˣ
ƱԶʱһ㶣û뵽ⶰȻѾסŮˡ
ǰ㡢غϦǰϦʦˣհӻ˶üȥƺҪμһʲôᣬϦ̫ɢˣʦץȥúõĹܽȥˡ
Ц˵
ԭʦҲ
ƱʱȻĵ˵ͷû֮ǰʱͷĹϵһ㣬ôĻ֮ȻһЩġ
ûʲôִ֮⣬СĴ֮УѾϰΪˣ书ǿЩɳϣһӵұͨɵԼ
ԶסŮˣƱҲû˵ʲôͦģϾ书ǿҿҲͦ񣬶༸Ů˼ֱˡ
Ҫ֪Ʊ뷨ƻжÿŮ˶Ʊô룬ʡȥ鷳°
¼ƱĺĤ˻Ьȥˣӵ뿪ʱƱʲôҲûһ˸ģ·Ьӣϴ¶ûС
Լѡһɣ·Ļǻˣٴȥ֣ʱȥһˡ
΢΢һЦϢһɣȥø㡣
ƱڱﵽĻ˵ͷ
ص뵺һָʱָϣΪļָٶҲԽԽˣƱĸĶһֱúõڽָ
ƱҲʱľǸѾ˵ϢƱҲѾܶûˣһ롣
ж˶߳˷䡣

֣Ʊ˹һɳϡ
һ˽ĶҲ֪ôҵģʱѾĴȥˣܴǵĹϵȽϺãԾίҰѶת㡣
ָָ輸ϵǸСӣʱǸ˸ֻһеıչƾ֤Ϊ˱ȥѶóˡ
չûбĶֻһǰСӣȻƱģȻûдֱӾս˽ָúõı
һˣ
ƱֵĿһۣɲʶʲôĪˣȻô˵ˣô϶ˣŽɵĴǸӣĵһסˡ
һװؼдĸ˶Ŀ飬ɢ
Ѿʧ˽ʮؼǰַмΪĸ߶ַôһֱڲѰⱾؼû뵽ȻСУ͵Ȿؼˣ׸磡
ͷЩƱҲ֪ʲô飬֮ζӳ£ʲôζУֺԼĸ磬Ǹôȴûǹ
Ҳ֪ɲԲѡһڵʱҵת˹
ؼִӺó˼ƬСʱƬгСвͬʱڵļƬƬĻģĵĲ棬ûһգȻ͵ġ
Ƭɬˣһʱ䵽Ƭϣ˵ˮ֪ʲôʱƱѾ棬ЩûйֹһֱڰĵĿ
Ϊֻ͵͵һЩƬһ˵ʱĿţ뵽һ޿棬³Ʊľʹľ
û˵ʲô
̧ͷʵĿʵ
˵Զһˣ۷ʲôıһ㡣
˵
Ʊ±ӣĨȥϵۣƬûʲôرĶˣʣµȫһĴۣдһŰֽϣе붼ա
˭
ǼƬһŵĿ
Ҹ磬ܶǰʹˣʱǶ˵Ǹˣ͵ŵĶڿ鲢˵ô򵥡
Ʊĵ˵ͷ
翴Ҫܶࡣ
ֵ˵
ţҳıȽ뿪ŵʱҲꡣ
ĨһգƱ˵ʱԸҲǾڲᣬܶҶǴӱ˵ģԸͳɼҲ룬ʱ̫ɵˡ
ҲҪˣʱ㻹ֻǸСӣʲôж˵Щ˾ǹڮ磬ġ
΢΢һЦο
ţˡ
Ʊĵ˵ͷ
Щô࣬㣬˸㶼תһ˻ɡ
һЩۣǲ˻ûһڻģǹطУҲǷǳСģʲһط
ЩϼĿɲС۳ʵأ֮࣬Щһ棬ȷ׬˲٣ԼĿȻܸƱôࡣ
û뵽Ҳһҹ֮ͱˣҶеԱˡ
˸ֵı飬ƱһЦ
㣬ΪҽⶾҽƷѡ
ƱЦ˵
Ҳ̫˰ɣҪѶˣȫϸļһȷû⣬ɶԲôҽƷѡ
ĵ˵ͷһ˼ģ
ɵס¥ϵķȥˡ
ƱպɢؼǼƬƵķ˺ȫȥ˶¥


224 ش
΢΢һЦƱЩĽŲ֪ǷһЩⲽ߶ˣԺ飬ǾԺ˵ɣҲܲôˡ
ȥЩˣϾڼԷȻȥ֣úõһ档
վ¥ݿڣ¥Ϻ
ţ֪ˡ
Ʊӷﴫ˳
ҡͷһЦȥˣӳ￪ͺգ˸ֱӵǰפأЩ۽ǺְЩ׼õҩķŽ˺䣬ųȥˡ
ʱСĴӺһѵĶǸƱõģҪųڵĶأҪʱĵһָܻԭ״̬
ǰг𣿡
ŵļ޴Ĵӣ¥Ʊʱסˡ
ǸԵİסŸţôҲܰˣȻЩö԰
һЦ
Ʊһۣͷõ˶׼ᶫֱӾܾˣ㶫˵Сһˣһ书ɲǰġ
ڳæµ׼Ʊһ߲ƴڻʱ洫һʱ΢΢һЦǻˡ
Ʊһæܳ˳ſڵʱҲýˡ
ʦ
Ʊе
ףʲôʱģ
΢΢һ㶣ЦƱ볤ٻؼһ׼ģƱһ㶼ȣҪ֪ʧ֮󣬿ǸƱĹϵҪãҲƱİ²ôӦ˹
ǽ죬ͰһĴġ
ƱЦŻص
ĴϦʱǡɣ
һᵽĴʱϦʦ˶üɽʽĴĵؽ磬Ҳ֪Ʊļ죬ҲĴľڡ
ѽôɣ˰ء
Ʊû˵ʵֻ赭дһ仰ˡ
ڼͱʦˣŹֵģͺɣأͬһģڹоϦҲǣʦץȥˣԿһʱҪˡ
Ц˵ƱҲ˸к
ʱӳ˳һڵӣʱЦȥζϲĿζ
ƱͷһЦ˵ͷתܽ˳
㿴Ʊ˳֮󣬶ʱʵôһ£ǲô׾ܺƹȥģĴôôɾƱ
һһ˻Ʊ˳٣ѾǰѧˣҲʹʲôԭ򣬵Ʊû˵Ϊʲô
ҡҡͷһ۳ߵǰӿڴͳ˵õֽ˹ȥǻطȥˣҪᵽЩ顣
߶߶ӣһǲֺˣ˵ͷһ¥ȥˡ
ֽдģҪǰƱڵŵĽһߣеľ綾û⿪һЩʵû˵⣬඼д档
û뵽ȥ£Ȼô飬̫ˡ
ס죬ֱֽϵһС
ѹְҪûİ±˰ɣ
ҲһȻû뵽ղǸʮֻõŮȻѾΣĹͷ
ڷ˵һỰֱ洫ĺǲһ¥˳ϵĲѾʮȣžѾʳָ󶯡
ǿմ˱Ĺ⣬ƽʱǻû¹ʲôʱԵôʢĴѽ
ƳһЦ˵
ǰԱôãǿǴûܹأ
Ҳһ԰ǻôһһͣǸƱ˼վһЩ޴ĸо
ǸʲôأѱŪò˼ˣԺһˣͥһҪг
˫һ۾ɵԲġ
ѽŶе£
һһµҪӣƱЦ
Էɣһ㣬һȥ֣·Ь֮Ķʱߵ̫æˣʲôûš
˲ԣЦ˵
ţ¸һȥɣúôһ£ôƯһ˶һʵ̫ϧˡ
˿ҲЦ
ڵƱԭҪƯеӤʣϿཱུģȥ˼Ҳʮֱ־һŮټһͷɾ̷Ǳһζ
ǰƱĶѧװЬҲɸЬ֮ͨЬӣ¸ȥ֣˿ɶ൱ģ֪ҪƱʲôӡ
ȥʱ򣬻ǸһʱѾˣתۼѾʱǰصС
뵽΢΢һ̣ųԷƱЦ
Цʲô
ƱܵĲ˲ǣԺʲôմȥ
ûʲô԰ɣ
ЦҡҡͷӲ˷Ʊ
˷ʰ˳֮Ů˳ȥȥˣȥǰ۵פأ׼Ҫúòһ۵ʱӵĵ绰
٣ɳȥ˴Ϣּҵб䡣
绰һͨ̿ٵ˵
ãϾ͹
˵ͷǰ۳Ա˵е飬ѵʱȡҸɡ
ǣӳ
ԱʱӦĿ¥뿪˵ѵҡ
Ӣʳ¥칫ңڰʱھ˾æ飬ϲŻص˲ʮӺҲ첽߽˰칫ҡ
Ǳ߳ʲô
ʵ
ϴΪٵ̫Զֻ֪ǵԼʲô˼棬ǲ֪Ǿ̸ЩʲôǲɹһȽôãش֡
ºˮһڣóԿ״˳룬óһССỤU̺һʼǱԵݸ
ʲô
˹üһʵ
͵ĵһЩ棬Լ¼ݡ
˵ٻһȽϺá
˵ͷûĥ䣬ֱӴỤƵƵļһݷݵĵ㿪һ飬ҪӵĶ̩ˣǱߣֻԶһ㣬ûдĵȥҡ
U¼ƵҲ̩˵ģ󲿷¼ݣǹııּҵĲƲԼ˽Թͨˣ׼ھҪֵ¼
ޱĿűʼǱԣһһļû˿Ҳһԣո˸һˮ
ͻȻһƵļﴫ̩˼
ڶʲôʱˣȻ˵ˣʲôȥˣ
ʮŭӡ


225 ޲
ܣүҲŲ˶ˣûҪôɣϾһˣǵĸװ
̩̾˿ƺΪ΢ʡ
ʲôˣүµڶûҵ˭Ҳ֪ϼһݶǲʱ;Ǻܿʲôûˣ
ŭҪݼҲּһû䣬֪үҪѼ崫ĵʱ㲻˶𣿣
ˣ˵ʲô
̩͸һ˿ŵζ
ʲôûˣֻҺ㣬װʲôװ˺ķڵãǰװʲôˣСôãĺúõģǲһģ
¼ﴫһĴЦ
ޱӣϵϢԽԽĵĿһ̲סŭ
СйŹ֣ȥһΰɱʱֱӾʧӰ٣ҶҲˣ֪ǲѾˡ
̩ҲЩŭˡ
ƨһͨСӣǸɱô飬˶鷳ô㲻һҪǳСϴڼﱻȥǴΣѾˣ
һЦǲԵˣˣҪȥ
ں˵˵Щʲô
̩ŭһͷǱߵ飬һģѾԶҩҲ˶೤ʱˣ˳ǸϹܼң඼ͨˣǸϽˡ
ߣΪͷӻôɵڼǶеĵطѾұˣͲѷֱӲˣ
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226 ˺
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һ㶣һҹ˾Ϊʲô
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һЦôС飬˵ѾǼˡ


229 ȺӢ
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뿪֮׼ֱӿȥҦˣڻ֪ǿɲһ쵽ڰ칫ҡ
á
ȥĵ绰Ҧ˵

ʵ
ҦСڽ԰⾰Ƭ
˵
õģллһ͵
Ҷ˵绰ӵ˸ͷ̳Ž԰ȥˡ
˭ĵ绰
Ҧ˽һͷ߹ߺˮʵ
ģ˵һ͵
΢΢һЦ
Ҧ˵˵ͷպˮǱ߾ֺȥһ龵ͷˣæķ±ӣױʦϽһױȻͶ˽㹤С
ʱҦ˻ûн㣬ԾһԣҦ˲ϵıŸPOSSǴ˵Ҧˣױ֮޲ɷκһƶС
˵ǲӰеĳѾʣµľǺڵļ޸ˣѾû̫ĹϵͿˡ
ҦȴԽԽæˣ桢ƬԼҪӾͺãһŮԱͿסˡ
ԱſһҦڽ񣬿ʱЦ˹
ôˣ
ӹˮҦЦеʵ
Ȼ۵Ĵˡ
һЦ
컬࣬һص˾ûӰˣ⼸춼ȥˣ
һۣҦ
ȥһ˶üɽɽڵ˲ٺö
գգۣһЦ
ôУпܵüɽȥ棿
Ҧ죬ԼæҪȴȥɽôġ
һȥģϦʦضüģǱһˣҾ͹ȥһ£ߵʱ˳ڶüɽϵһȦ
ҡҡͷ
Ϧʦȥ
Ҧ˶ʱȵʵ
ǰ׼μһʲôᣬϦĴʦܵشΪʮһû취£ʦϦȥһʱҪǿΪ
˵ͷ
μʲô᣿ĪǸ
Ҧҧܣüͷ΢˵
ǸʲôǸ
ֵĿҦʵ
ҿ֪ǲμӵʲôᣬû´ĻӦǧÿʮٰһεȺӢᣬĽǳˣÿһζɺȥμӡ
Ҧ˿˿ΧС˵
ǧңȺӢ᣿
ȵüңû˵ǧô塣
ԣǧңҲǷŴ½ңǧ͸½ҵĳƺţ˵һ棬ڸղصĸѧʤ
Ҧ˻˵ЩѧŵشкܶŶʧԼĴУȴ½ҿҵ˵ȺӢܲ𣿡
˼ǣμʲôȺӢᣬпûԼʧľѧ
Ҧ˻˼
ÿȺӢǰԵ½ҵĲؾѡһؼôҲμȺӢԭˡ
Ҧ˿϶ĵ˵ͷ
ǧҾôղ˶ؼǾͲ˰дʲô𣿡
üͷ΢½ЩȤˡ
ȻͨһЩ;ȥлһЩ棬½ôûд˭ܳɹõЩʽ壬ʵϵЩҿԱ⡣
Ҧɫƺ½ҵĿ¡
ô֪ģ
ʵ
үүμӹȺӢᣬ֮ÿʮٰһΣΪ˼һʵֻʮһµ˲μӡ
Ҧ˵˵ͷ˵үүμӵʱѾʮˣһȴҰ½˵Ķֻ֣ʮ꣬үүСʮꡣ
Сʮ꣬ȷ
Ҳĵͷʮǰʱڣһĸֶʱո¶ͷǣ仰˵ʮǰͻһľ磬ԺĻͺãˡ
һֽ룬֮ҲǾ龳ʮ֮ǰܿԪôԺʲôżȻĻͻˣɾҲܵͣϾֹǰĽ
½ҵˣʮ׵Ļ˱ʮҦ˵үү˵ѾĵˣѾǼʮȥˣţΪһһɲĵز
һսүүԪˣȥ־˺ܳһʱ䣬ҲһȳΪҦҵĳ裬үүΪ¾ʹ˷̵İο²
Ҧ̾˿
½֮˵Ҳô׵ĻܶԷȴѶԷˣ˾ʵʧһֵķ緶
ҡҡͷ½Խĺˡ
үүûй½ҵˣϾʮ꣬Ǹˣ书ôǿЩҲģ˭ҵİôġ
Ҧ˺С˵һЦ
߲ߣң
ĿҦˣȥһСΪΧ̫ˣֻܷ㡣
ţߡ
Ҧ˶˶ţŰ͵͵Ц
ǼλȥμʲôȺӢ𣿡
˵ЦһͻȻʵ
϶ȥģȻҲ֪ʲôţǿ϶ᣬССļ嶼ȥμȺӢᣬΪ½һ˲͵żȥ֮༸½ҡ
Ҧ˺ܿ϶ĵͷ˵
½һż
ʵ
ɲμ֮ˣѾ֮ˣﵽҪǲܲμȺӢġ
Ҧ˵½ҵ
ԭżĲͣʮǰܹ֮ģ츳ܲ½ҵ˵ʶ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ½˵۽绹Ǻܸߵģһĸֿ¸ûǵС
أô
˼һʵ
ʱ٣̫æˣϲһʱ֪ʲôʱܿԪ
Ҧ̾˿Դ˵
ٽһ㹤ֲǵǮôƴ
𱸵˵
ѽһУܶʱɼˣ˺ǷǶ࣬Щӣᱻ˵ˣƣַԷû취
Ҧε˵Ŵ۾Ŀ
ʲô취Լѡеġ
ʼ磬һҲȲӡ
˼һΪ
ľ죬Ҧ˺һ
֪࣬ⲻصظҩ
ٺһЦͳһСƿӵ˹ȥ
ûôʲôҩ
Ҧ˽ӹСƿӣɻĿʵ


230 ׳ն
ɵѾͷɲǸԵҩ㸨ҩ
ḧһ¶ͷһܲҦôӡ
ҩŪģ
Ҧ˴Сƿӣȥһ£Сƿȷһص㡣
ʲôŪģԼĺðɣ
װŭӡ
Լģ
ҦµĿҳ˻᲻Ⱑ
ѽ˻ɳ˹ֵģ
˸ε˵
ҩ˵ʲôð
͵͵ⶥһҦЦеʵ
ר¾Ů˵ıرҩ
תͷȥû˵
ᣡ˼Ҹ˵أ
Ҧ˶ʱ
ʮֲͬҩƵģȥΪǣ˼㣬ͻƵ֮ʱʹãѸٵȹ̾硣
С˵һصӡ

Ҧ˶ʱȵĳС죬ϽĿһûע󣬲Сʵģڶüɽڵģ
ǣϦĴʦڵģҲΪˣ㶼ûܻصҾͰˣ뵽ϦҪμȺӢᣬҾǱֱҩ衣
ҡҡͷ˵Ҵҩ͵͵Ÿ㣬ڲҲҪͻˣø㹮Ϊʹá
лл㣬
Ҧ˶ĿͻȻС˵һ䡣
ɵѾͷһлʲôõĸлǸϽͻƵ֮ҾͲڱԼˡ
΢΢һЦͬ˵
㰡å
Ҧ˶ʱˣ֪˵ʲôûͻƵ֮Ӱôż϶Ҫ̲סˡ
ٺ٣ƣʳɫҲǺ鰡
һ˵
ᣡᣡ˵ˣ
ҦһͶ塣
ߣȥԵ㷹ɣʱҲˡ
Ц˵Ҧ˿ʱ䣬˸к󿪳ȥ˲ԶĲԷˡ
ߺҦĵʱ岮ȴıס
֪֪ʲôطȻң
ĳͣүӵıǰȴȥſڼװһվεĶס˴ſڡ
үӾĵط˵Ȳ롣
һװ΢΢Ϲʮò˵
˵ȣ˵𣿣
ζըˣʲôʱּҵ˶˵ȡ
˵ˣ׿ûκ˿ɵĽ롣
Ǹװһӣ΢Ц˵
٣ĸ٣
һԵ̩ɫʵ
ү
װ̻ص
ߣһСʲôʸƹǶĳǲɣ
̩ŭһɫǳѿ
ǲּ֪ҵĵλôԸǾôڿʼﲻɳ룬ǵõٵ׿ϣǲò
װ΢΢һЦ̩˵
ҵҪôǵģ
мһЦ̧ž׼ȥһĶʱӲһںڵǹѾֱĶ׼š
ٵķԸ˵Ƚ룬ǿĺге
װƽ˵۾ûһ˿飬·һһ㡣
΢飬ƺ˵ЩʲôǺװٶ˵һ䣬˿ỳǰһװͻ̿۶İ
ããСгϢˣȻڼﶼôŰ裡ƣ
̩˻ŭ˵һ䣬󿪳ֱԶȥˡ
ҪҪ֪ͨһ
ˣһСĸװ˵
ˣôС£Ҫȥˡ
װҡͷһЦתȥˡ
үǱˣү˵ǡ
ϹܼĿһĻȥүӱ
úãҲ뿴ӣӰҵ飬ּа̳УѾ㹻ˣˣҶʲôϣˡ
үӰ˰֣רĵ޼ǰһ辰
ˣˣ
ͣĴƤΡ
ˣʲôģµҲãվܱڰ֪ʲôʱһĺöˡ
̩ȴûƺղŵһŭҲװģʱѾָƽ
ͷӵļҶȥôļƻ
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˾и룬ѵˣͲܱ𣿡
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̩˵ͷ
˵Уؼ̫ðˣһݾô죿
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ȻҪ򣬵ȻҪȵȻֱһбֲ꣬ȥ㣬Ȼᱩ¶Ŀˡ
̩һЦһ˿⡣
ðɣ¾ͽȥˣûйʲôҪģֱӸҾˣȥôࡣ
˰֣תͷŴ⣬һ˿֪Щʲô
ص˹˾˲Ÿ£˽ϰ壬ܹ˾ǺһĿ׼ͶʮңѾʽύ˺Э顣
ܹ˾
̩ʱһ㶣һʱ仹벻˾ʲô·
ǵģǺܹ˾Ѿȥˣ˾£ҵĲҵǽոճĸ¿Ƽҵ˾Դһҵ񡣡
̴ϼóһļ˹ȥ
ҵţµĹ˾ôúõбʸߵĹ˾кܶ࣬ôҲֲɣ
̩ϸĿļʱüͷ΢Щɻʵ
СӲǺƹϵ岻᲻һ壿
ҲΡ
壿Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˼һ̩Щȷ˵
ͶʴʮڵĿɲǸСĿôҵǣ
ҡҡͷʼվй
ҿǲŽӴһ£ǲʲôè壬ͬûǩĿûжҲûʲô취㵽ǡ
̩һ顣
Ȼô˵ܾʲôףҪˣ
Щԥ
ǸĿ̸ɵĻܴ׬ٵǮΪС⣬ŵòľԱɣһǸûᣬôҲ̫ϧˡ
̩ǾҪȥǸʲô
ðɣҪСģɱʲôȦס
εһ䡣
İɣֲǸճé®ĲôôױˣȽӴһ¿˵
̩һЦϸĿǰǷļǺܹ˾ύĺЭ顣
Ƶİ칫ң绰Ȼһۺ룬̽
㣬ѾϹˡ
ֻ˵һ䣬͹Ҷ˵绰ҡͷһЦļ


231 Ůһ̨Ϸ
Ҧ˿ĵĳ˶緹ֽͻ˽԰绹һҪ㣬Ҳû̫ʱֻķֱˡ
³ʱҦ˸ţ׼³ʱһ죬һѽ˻§һǣֻһֱҦ˿ҪʱŰ˿
ѽᣡ
Ҧͨ죬ˮĴ۾͸Žߡ
֮
Ц˵
ˣ
һ·īŰҦ˴򿪳Ķӡ
ܳһξ󣬲Żعͺջ˻֣ͬ»·׼ȥˡ
΢΢һЦͷ뿪˽԰練Ҳûʲô飬ټﵣƱֱӿȥ˶ѧҲһʱûˣͳչȥ
ѳͣѧУнУ԰ͺճУ԰ĺ䶯̫̫עĿ
ʱǿμϢʱ򣬴Ҷڽ죬ǻҼϿΣֱҵԼĽңͬѧ϶ڣһȴǺþòΰ
ȥָ磬ϡͰⶼûˣ
ΰŵ߹һܱ
ûңôҶ챻ˣ
ϽӵĻЦ˵
ǵȻˣǿһղǸﰡ
ΰҡͷԵקĵ
Ӵ첻ĻˮƽҲǴǰ
ɨһΰΰȹȥҪ˲٣˿Ҳʵ࣬Ĳһֱڼְɣ
ǵȻˣָ˵ЧҪְ
ΰظһžž죬տʼǶʱ䣬̫ѰˣҪţǿˡ
责˭
Ŀһΰӵȫ۵Ц⡣
ۣԺʱʱһƤ񶼵һأʲôʱЦˣ
꣬ϴθָ˵ǸŮˡ
ΰֱһ״
ŶԭѽôǺˣ
ˣǴҽԺʱӵȷһƬŮӿΰҪӴ
ǰɣںһʣһȥָ罻ˣȻͬˣȥָǲ֪ʱж񣡡
ΰĳ˿һĲš

һ˿ŹֵЦ⣬´һΰԺԶĻ棬ʱ̲סЦˡ
ָ磬ʲôأ
ΰһգҲ֪ʲô˶ô֣ܲһ鶼Ǹ⣬Ҿ˵ӵĶȽ϶̣ΰǲҲǾͲö֪ˡ
Ұûʲôһܺල;ϣֻҪȥܻɹʵģʱٽֹԶõط
ϵЦ⣬͵ӵļڵļǰǿǽʵˣǰһطȫǶһʽĶ
̫ˣˣҲתѧѧˣǲһϵǾϵѧ
ΰٺһЦϲ̵ĸ˵
ͦ˼ҶΪתѧˣɵúúϧ˼ҡ
˵ͷЦ˵
ôˣ
ʱƱͬѧ⣬̧ͷվſڵʱ߹ʵ
ⲻǵصܹôѧϰϰɣ
΢΢һЦʵ
˼¶ѣǿԸϵġ
ƱЦ˵
ʵƱܸܲϽȣϾƱˣѾȫԽҲȳǳ࣬ѧϰ˵Сһ׮
Ҫ̫ˣҲ⼸죬峹׺ѧҲ١
Цŵ˵ͷ
ֻǿĿɡڵˣԺ뿪У԰ɾҲûˡ
ƱݸһЦ
֪Ʊǻлָ뿪У԰⼸£һжһͨѧ˵ȫǲģԲŻöôҸ
֮䣿
ΰüȥüͷʱһ
ôˣ
Цʵ
Ҿãһм飡
ΰ˫°ͣ˶ۡ
ѹ㿴˲٣ԭˮ˶ĵˣܲ
ζĴһӣ߳ܲסĿ⣬Ķӡ
ǵûȥֶ
ּһ䣬ƱһԶʱЦĻ֦Ҳ
ƱڿΣȻ˾Ȼȥˣ·һˣڳŷʱҲˡ
ƺĳûڷ˯
ԷʱͻȻζĿһƱˡ
ƱƤ̾ͺ͸ˣֻŵͷٷ֪˵ʲôƤȳǽû˿ı仯һ̩Ȼӡ
̫˰ɣҿˡ
򶨵ļһӲ˵ƱЦŷʵ
ٺ٣̫𣿡
غٺһЦƱȥˡ
̧ͷԣǺˡ
Ҳ̿û뵽ƱȻƤôЦͳˡ
Ʊæͷ̧һ㣬һ̧ͷʱϵЦԭղ̫ͣ϶մ˷ԼȴΪ̫ߣûע⵽һ㡣
Цʲô
ƱˣĶŽŵ
㿴㣬մ˷֪
ְ꣬ƱϵС͡

Ʊ쵽˲Ӹ˫һʶ
ǾͲҪˣϽԷɣ
סЦϽԲ
ǰ۸
Ҳ
ǣʲô۸
ˣʵ
˵ûУ۸˼ңԷҲ۸˼ңⲻ۸˼ô
һһı顣
û㣬û۸ңģһ˯¡
Ʊæ
㿴㣬¸ңȻҪһŮӻ㣬ӣ
رӵĿһۡ
أϽԷ켱ˡ
˿صڶסĻ
ɵñڶأⶼôô
һЦһ˷ŵƱ
ˣ
ƱС˵͵͵һ
˵ǰԸʵǵģ
εҡҡͷһܲ˵ӣ⼸һԺеˣֵһҶϦڲڣӻضüȥˣȻﻹҪʡ
ڼ˳ԷԵĵʱֻһĵ绰߳Ա߽
٣һȷеĴ̽Ϣ֮˵ҪҪһ
绰һֱͨ⣬ɾ˵
ãСʱ֮󣬳
оһҶ˵绰


232 
ôˣʲô𣿡
һߺһʵ
ʲô£һڰЩˣҴȥ
΢΢һЦϽԷɣ˶Щˡ
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İɣ㣬ֲСӣµģʨӲȫĵҲһܻ֮ᷴ
ٺһЦ
֪ˣôǲ֪ߣ
һڣ˸۸
Ҫٹʱ䣬ǾͶˣұ֤ʱһúõָǵġ
üһء
ҲŲҪˣãɣû¸ɰ
æܾܲĿ࣬ҶϦˡ
㲻Ҳû£ȵʮꡢʮ㿴ϦбڵģʱٿԼ̬ӵӣͻڽľˡ
νʼ磬Լʢһ˹ĺ
˵ܱסഺ
һ⻰ʱЩҡˣûĸŮ˲ϣԼԶƯġ
סഺֻС飬ЩصĹפֱʱ򣬻ɢʱ򣬲Ż̬
˵ͷ˵
ǺðɣҲҪɲǵʱҵЦ
¶˾ģնһŮ˵Ȼġ
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ʱһͷػû㶮˼
ߣʱ򲻾Ϳʲô𣡡
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ðɣҲûϵһϻ󱯸ʱʵڲеĻʹһˡ
װε̾˿
ޣ֪ߣ˭Ҫһʲô߰Ĵ󱯸
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ûĵһۣ΢ЦĿƱһ㰡Ҫӡ
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Ʊɵĵ˵ͷ
ˣԣҪȳȥһˣϻٸơ
һںץԿ뿪˳
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ͷҲصغһͺе󽥽ʧС
ޣʲô裡˼һǸƻŮðɣ
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˳İ칫ңһʮӣŴһƽͷȦڵ˽
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ģ٣׿һĳϰ࣬ǱҲǾĳӣ׶ڴ顣
˱裬˹˵
˵˵ɣ׿ʱʲô
ӹ˲豭ᴵ˴ҶŰ׿ʵ
ǣ٣ʱһˮһ˹ת̵ĶǱ߽Ļᣬ̽ٵʱѾ֪ͨˣҪע⣬Ҿˡ
׿æ˵ˮ꣬Ҿ˸ᣬȥһǱߵļΪ˵ٵһЩ飬֪ҲһЩͽʸǶ˵˼䣬ٲҪ֡
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ҡͷһЦŰ׿˵
õģĹУҾͷһ˵һٵرעһװˣʮͷ˺ܸɾǰӣָȺ壬ֺ¡
׿˵ҽŻᣬĵһϤٵҲ͸رĵ֮䣬˺ܶٵ飬᲻书ǰǸʲô֮ġ
ȥǸĳ𣿡
˵ͷʵ
ԴӸһ֮Ǹ˾;ÿζһ棬ţĻͻתٵϣƺٷǳĸȤ
׿̿ٵػص
ûʲôɣȥһζĳ
ʵ
УӴʱ䳤ˣҷÿܶ嶼ᵽĳĻͻġ
׿æص
ܺãɵĲ೤ʱˣ
Цŵ˵ͷһתͻȻʵ⡣
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׿΢΢һ㶣ڨڨһЦ
ôȥҲ˶ˣľôȥ𣿡
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ҲôҲƲסԼÿηʱȫܵҪʵڿס˾ͻڡ
ҡͷһЦ׿̾˿
񫵹ǲܽ䣬ҰˣǲԺ󶼲ˣ
̧ۿһ°׿üͷһ
𣿣ܰҽĶ񫣬ұ֤ԺԲѾˣ
վ׿еĿ
𼤶˵
֣ʾ׿ȶһ
Ȼ˵Ļһĺܲ񫣬͵ǸĽ
һЦˣʩ롣
׿һæĽ⿪£¶˿Щ׳ʵʵѾͿ˵һʳָһ˿ͬʱİҲѾУȵֻصǰʱ򣬽ָѾʧˡ
ɳϰɡ
ߵ˰׿ķβĲ˼룬Բʮ룬񫣬ֻҪ԰׿ԲʩͿˣϾҪܵ񾭵
֮ڰ׿ķβʩ룬Ϊ̺Ѿķβףͷ͵Ȼ׿ʩˣҲٶ໨ôһ˳Ҳķβһ»ָ
צڰ׿Դϣ΢һ߶Ѿֲӿ˳˳Բŵ룬Ľ˰׿Բʼ޸Щ񾭡
һĹƾѾˣƷβʱǰγ룬ֱڰ׿ıһƣһƣð׿ֱһڴȳζŨɫѪҺ
βٻ־ôķͲˣȻҸųЩ־㻹Ҫúõһʱ䣬ǲЩүҲȲ
룬һЦ
л٣һμסģ
׿ֽ˲ͣһƣȻǾˬǷβҲûҪԵĸоˡ
ˣȥǸĳ
İŰ׿һЦ


233 
˿Ͱ׿ȥǸĳ
ĳģǷǳڵСĳһưɵĺʽŽȥװ޵εҲ˻ͦģµҲ洦ɼ
һƬû˲֪ĴھĵϣҲû˸ԴĻǱȽϷĵģҲ˿˵Ҫԭ
ƽʱһ棬䣬ˡ
һЦʧȥټȵ׿ͷĿʱѾˡ
뵽ղƵֶΣ׵ĽʮĶ񫣬׿ԳҡͷһЦײβԴĦģ΢΢ҡҡͷ߽˶ĳĿС
ʱѾϴּڣͳŸ߷ĤԼһӺ˳˿ܣûע⵽ߵı仯΢΢һ̣Ҳ˿˵С
һһ룬ڶĳĴǱ߿һĹ򣬾Ѿĥʮĳ룬ų룬ε˶˹ת̵Ķߡ
ֿһʱİ׿ѾһװĵһǸ˿ʮͷӣ׿ĵʮֳ죬䲻ͻ¶֡
һ֮󣬰׿΢Щļסεɨ䣬ƺʲô˵ӣʱĶͻȻһҪˣҾߡ
ͻĳڶߣ׿ʱһҪ̧ͷһµʱ򣬶ֳǸҪ̧ͷҪֳ쳣ƽʱһͿˡ
׿жʱˣ漴ĴǼǸ˲СʱңǸ뿪˶ĳ
Ҹȥ
׿Ǹ뿪󣬶ٶȳ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ˶ߣЩ顣
ų˾ưɣǸװһֱۣ뿪ˡ
֣ĿСܣһֱ·ߵţ֮̿ˣϳָָ֮ǰı˵Сһ㡣
ǣ١
ǸСȥԶľôţŹдСʱ۹һƫƧĽֵһƾɵľ¥ͣ
ĳͣڲԶֵĹսǴûнĸȥѾƫƧˣϲг̫ԷĻɡ
ȻȥɣԼȥͿˡ
һۣһЦ
Ѵ򳵵ģһٰɡ
ǸСܻͷ˵
ûϵô򳵣ﲻһô
ָһЦ򿪳뿪ˡ
ǸСܿű΢΢һ㶣ҲЦҡҡͷ󽫳˻ȥһʧ˽ֵľͷ
Ӿ¥µӰӽۣվںڰУϸĹ۲һ¥ƺڲǨӣѾˣ󲿷˼ﶼǺڵϹģͰˡ
װȥⶰ¥ٵһֻһ˼ҵĵţеסﶼǺһƬһݣĿյգۼͽӽǴŵƵķ䡣
ϢĴ˴˷ڣʱѾԼԼĴӵĶԻõĶӢȻѲ
ôûʲôµϢ
Ǹ˵ǱߵģӢʽʽкܴĲͬһˡ
ûʲô̫мֵϢǸƺֻ˵ǶǺ˽⣬󲿷ֵĶò֤ʵ֪ĻǼٵġ
ǸװеӢҲ˵ĺܹߵȽġ
ȻǸĳĶѣôܶʲô˽⣬ǻоŻѨ磬;˵Ķڵ壬һǴ
Ǹ⵹ǶԻĵĻͦ˽ģ֪һЩ
˹˵еôҪҪ̽һ£
װЦЦ˵
ţ̽һ°ɣҪٸǸ˽ӴˣѾûʲôϢṩˣһ˰ɡ
˹ǸҲЦǸı꣬²ˣֻҪ£ôġ
л˹ûʲôµĻҾȻȥˡ
װиֱ֮뿪ˣӴµ¥ףװд򿪳ŵʱȥһֵͽȥӽ˺䣬ó֮ŴִӴȻĽ˷䡣
ã˹ðǰţԸҪŵźá
ӷ˳ɳϵǸ΢΢һЦ
˭
˹ɫûʲô仯ŴӷͻȻֵֵ´һ
⣬Լʮͷͣһͷɫľǳ£һǾʹڼҲǴķǳʽ˿ңһǵλͬѰ֮ˡ
˭ҪҪǿ˹˭
ߵɳϣЦ˹֮һ㶼ţΪһǿߣڵ֮ǿѾ˹֮¡
ڻĵȻǿôյϢţôˣ
˹΢ЦʵһڣԵͷʮ㡣
Լã
üͷ٬ͬһЦ
֮ǰҵʱ򣬲ûк֮ǰǰﱣųԱһҴּųԱƺҲ̫·ӣǲ²İ֡
˹΢΢һЦֱ٩٩̸֪ΪʲôҪңĪǿұĲƸȨƣ
һҲǺҪ£ǲ̫࣬д̽Ϣ֪ʲô飿
ҡҡͷ
ŦԼ˽ֹ֪İɣ
˹Цݣɫʼ
ҵȷ֪
˵ͷ
һΣҮˣȥΪңú˾ѾˣҮļߣʹУҲǲɶõĸ֡
˹˵Ǵεʧ˿Ү򣬸߲ŭż߸˽ʣǿʼǵս漰Ƿעʽ֧Ŀ
ʲôϵ
ȻһЦ
Ȼйϵ˿ҮΪʲôĵϸԭ򡣡
˹˵
֮أĪǻ뽫вɣ
΢΢̣¶һ˿΢Ц
Ҳϣȷ뷨ҲֳɣһŽץᣬȡϵܣһϵΪܻص±ȽϼҵĳͻǺ޳ɡ
˹˵Щȡ
ô֪˹Ǵ޳ɵһأǲ޳ɵһ
һЦȤʵ
ңҴǷԵһ
˹΢΢һЦ˵ͷ


234 ͻȻ
ϸĴһ˹˳ǸȽϿʲôԵı仯
ô֪˹ķԷʲôأ
һЦʵ
ǷԷоԱΪļɣźͻķĸֽ飬ֲԷĲ㡣
˹һɤ˵칦ܵͻĵĹʽһоô꣬һЩȤķ֣Ըǹ
֪ܵϵͻĵĹǲߵģһЩŵĹ漰ڵƺܻɣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ɵĴſ˹
ԭҲΪǵоشͻƣԻĵĹͬŰǵоܣ͸¶ˡ
˹Цֱ˵˵
ԭ˹׵˵ʲô뷨𣿡
Ȼĵ˵ͷ۾ɨһۿ˹һĿʱ˹ȥ
ҼȻ˵ȻǲẦ£Ϊһ鶫ҸץңҲõʲôҪЮ飬ûˣǲΪ˽ҶųҪĻܡ
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Ȼ˹ΪʲôҪңһ֯ԸΪӪҶҿ϶ѡ뿪
һЦ
ˣ鲢ķκһԱֻҪּĻܣҵʸ񻹲Ҳø˼С
˹˰ֵ
ζĵ˵ͷûн»硣
֪Σ
˹Ĭһʵ
һȥתģһ˵
һЦûֱӻش𣬡֪˹Ƿ֪һǰʱһѡ
˵ɭǻ˰ɣܱǸҲ֪ǿ֪ܶѾ˻ģɵִȽϴǵٶԶԷҲǱܵġ
˹ǸһЦ
ԭˣˣôȵɣ˴𰸺ϵ
˵ͷ˵
ҵƬҪϵĻֱҡ
˹ҲվӻͳһƬݸ
ãϵ
ӹ֮һۣ˿ڴһҽڹ˾˹ҹ˾ܣȻֻǸ˶Ŀݣʵʱʹá
ߺ󣬿˹ͳ˵绰һʳ;
ܶٲʿղҽӴһˡ
绰ͨ󣬿˹˵˹ٵ
Ŷ˭
ܶʵ飬һ⻰̷ʵ
ʱѣ£Կ϶һʶʵǿ̽ĵףǸǵ
˹ܿ϶˵
Ǳߵˮƣ㻹ǲҪĺãк˵ǵ𣿡
ܶ˼һʵ
Ѿ˵ˣ˵תǵ˼Ͼĸ˵ûʲôʵ˵ˡ
˹΢΢һЦ
ԽˣԽ׳ǿʵǸɲʲô򵥵ǵСһ㣬ɱ󣬻˵˼άܸӡ
ܶ΢΢˵ͷڻһʱɣôעǵ˷㣬Ȼʱһ鷳顣
İɣʿһСµġ
˹æ˵Ҷ˵绰Ŀɳϣ̧ͷ컨壬ʼϸϸ˼˺⡣
¥ű뿪ˣں˯ǸװУûȥʲôֻǸͨ˰ˣܻӰ쵽ʲô
֮ѳֱӶ·ߣֱ뿪ˣװҲֻ˳ĻȻ绰˰æҲڳġ
˲֮װйȻ˹ʹޱȵĲӣ̧ͷͷ͸ʲô͵һײʱӺͷһҵʹ
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˵ڵ˹һ˼ʱôһ£һЦԺȥռ鱨ˣ¾͵Ϊֹһ˹ȥ㣬ĵžͺá
˵绰˹΢΢һ̣뵽ղͻȻ֣֪װп϶ǱˣȻų뿪֮ǰװ˵ĻҲǱ˸һ
򳵻ص˼Ужαװߣ˳ϴ˸裬İȥƱķ䣬ÿеİζֳ֮˯ȥˡ
ڶһ磬ʱѾˣԺһ̫ȭչһǺȥһͣõʱŮҲ׷ˡ
ǵļʱø緹
΢΢һЦ
ŵ緹ζմ˱Ĺ⣬ȻܳԵִү緹ѽ
Це˵ϣСͺһڡ
㣬õģأ
һͷأϽ˵
̣
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ÿһĻʱЦĻ֦Ҳأأ
ְϡҲһ£պһڣˣ
µˮɷ˵ͰѴֵͷϡ
Ǳԩ
һ̾תֶ˼Сˣ߳緹
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պһ࣬ʲôʵ
ʲô£
ֵʵ
㲻˵Ще𣿡
˵
ţǵģȥˣԭǱߵˣϴȥŦԼʱµӣڲҲܻңûʲô˼Ըңȥɡ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
ҪСģӰ˱ȽϺã˭֪ʲôʱڳҪʱ򻹵һ㡣
Ҳ΢΢һЦ
İɣģԷɣǻҪȥѧУء
Ů緹ͿˣʰĲ;ߣշŽϴأֻһȻǱߴģʱʵʲô
ӳһ˵Ҫ㣬˵졣
绰ͷ˵˵
죿ôҵģ
ʱ΢΢һ㶡
˵һѸԾֱҹˡ
绰ͷص
õģ֪ˡ
Ҷ˵绰һ˼ֱӳȥˣ·͵ǰǶûȥͿԺȻվһˣһ챾ˡ
ϸ磬ʲôˣ
ԶʱЦ˵
ֵܣοҪˣȻҲԶĴӹ㶫Ϲˡ
εҡͷһЦ̾˿˵


235 ε
Ժʱ۵ĳԱǳ߸ˣмûܾĿ죬һٴеӡ
Ȼǲ֪ǰӾжǹѹȴ˿٣Ҳˣǲ˿ķɡ
ּĸ֣һ־һ΢Щ񣬺ܿһжӲ
һڽħѵ֮ʱѾˣɲǼǷͻ𣬶ּ
ϸôԶϹ϶ʲôֵɣȥ˵ôվſҲǴ֮
۳Աʹ˸ɫ΢΢һЦ
ҲãǾͽȥ˵ɣ
۵ĳԱÿһλ߽˱˵һ󣬶ԱǷ׷׻صѵȥˣֻ
ֵܵɲ򵥣Ȼ˶֮ǴôһﾫӢ
˿ڲ裬ɤӺЦʵ
ϸҵҲ֪ҵ˰ɣЩǴӱŸֲѡľӢȫȨ쵼ָӣҪʱִһЩ񡣡
ͷһЦ
ԭˣֵڱҲǺӰһﾫӢѵ˵Ļܹӳ൱ǿ󡣡
˼һ˵ǵİæεһЩˣֵܣΪı˽ٳˡ
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Ҫ豭ֶʱһͣ˰УȵĿʵ
£ΪһеңԾʱ뿪һû뵽ôһСĹľͱ°ˣǰһСʱʱ䡣
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컰˼üͷ΢˵
ҾôģԲɺϣһ뿪ľͳµĵ˿϶Ϊڵʱ򲻷㶯֣Բŵȵ뿪֮֡
˵ͷ
ôһ˵ĻҲеôôˣûЩ˵٣жˣĿľʲô
˼һ׳һ⡣
Ŀĺܼ򵥣ӦҪٳģҪЮЭ֪ܲǰǰﶾڵ˽Ǳ
첻˼˵ǴεжûдģȫǹжȷеϢֱӸһ˸ƯĴʤ̡
ֲã϶ûбΪʲôҪô
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
Ϊϴξع̫ˣ˺ܶϢǲסˣεжȫܣûж͸¶ֺץ˺ͻ˷ǳصĵط
΢һ㶫Щж٣ʵΣʱǻûϢһ£Ǿ̷˹ݺ½䣬Ҹҿ϶ǻڹݾڡ
ȷ˻ûתƣ
һʵ
ûҿȷһβǶ˹ٷԼҲ˽°һЩæһ뿪ݡ
ն˵Ե÷ǳš
ȻܰڹݣôץסǵĻҲܴӦòҰɣ
ЦЦĺ˿ڲ衣
ôС£Ȼǲ鷳ֵܵģҼıٳֳֵּԷзǳĸ֣ȻʿӦǾ±ţʱʲôԤ֮ı仯
˵ͷ˵ʵ顣
ŶȻϸ綼ûаҶԸĸ֣ﶾȻҵˣ
ЩȣһɵϴھǸ֣ڵȴԽĵĹ߷Ϊˡ
ȷǸ֣һǸ˲õĹ֡
ɫص˵
Ȼǹ֣Īǻĵˣ
üͷʱɻʵ
еĹֶǻˣܱߵձͺ顢ΡɹЩطй֣ڹŴʱ򣬿ƵĽǳ֮㣬Ͻӽڵ޴
ҡҡͷһǳ㷺ĸֻҪдеѧ϶ԳΪ䣬ӡǱҲһЩǳϵѧɣҲڶࡣ
ԭˣһһֱΪĶǻء
ЦЦ쵹ǳ˼ʶôϸڴô죿
Ȼֵȥһ˹ݣҪǶԸһЩֵܳĸ֣ʣµЩˣͲ鷳ֵˣȻȥԸǵġ
΢΢һЦ
ҵȻûʲô⣬Ҳûʲô飬͸ϸһ˰ɣҲȥʦ
ҲЦʦʮȫ
ҲãҲͦģ߶أиߵǸСֱԲ
һںȸʣµĲ裬Ц
˰Ǻܲ书Ƚ⣬ͽ֮ˣҹ۲죬һԪ֮ΪϾһͻͽĽ׶Ρ
˵ͷϸһǴֱӶȥݰɣֹϾ˳ʲô仯
ãֵȥŰɣȥһˡ
΢΢һЦߵԺ־վ
˵ѵ֣ѵеĶԱͣѸٵվš
Ҫȥһ˹ݣǱ߳˵飬һﶾٳ˹ҪԱǱߵϢǰﶾиִڡ
һڶԱ˵ǸᣬҾֶӹȥʵսǺҪģҲ쳵ӺĶӸһȥɡ
֮ѡӺĶӵĶԱҪΪﻹûͻ֮ĳԱڶӺĶ棬ϣεʣµļ˶ͻƿ
ǣӳ
ӺĶӵĶԱ̳УӦ
ȥʰһ¶Ȼȥݣﰲٺ֮ٺϵˣҶŽȥݵĻƱ
˵ͷת뿪˵ѵңȥƱȻǲҪʲô֤֮ĶȫϵͳڲֱԤλҲǱųԱȨ֮һ
ϸһһȥʰ㶫ȻȥӸˡ
΢΢һЦ
û£ֵܾȥæǡ
˸кȥԼƱ·˼˸ӳһ۳Աͺգ뿪˱
ȥѧȥһ±
ں˵
ֵܹȻǷεĿ꣬ȥҪһŮ飿
ʱЦ
ϸɾˣо綾ұÿϸʩƶǣһȥ֪Ҫ죬ڵĶݲаӣҲҪߡ
ʧһЦҡҡͷ
ԭˣôо綾
ŻȻԭ


236 ٹ
飬ҲûйȥʣϾҲֻһˣò̫ࡣ
̾˿ûϸȥ˵Ҳ˵ͷʶȤûжʡ
ܿǾ͵˶ѧӾֱ˽ѧ¥棬ʱǿμϢһ³ͿڻϺͬѧƱ

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ƱͬѧĵĿģͻȻ¥˺֣תͷһȻͬѧ˸кɿܵ¥¡
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΢΢һЦ
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ΪʲôͻȻȥݰ
ƱЩ֣ö˶˵ôͻȻҪôԶĵطȥ
Ǳߵһѳ˵飬Ҫȥæ⼸¶ܻڵĶػû⿪ȻҪҵˣȻһô죿
һƱСգգ۵
Ŷһûʰ·
ƱߵһЦ
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ţˣ˸˻治㶨ôӵĻϾ綾
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Ʊû˵ֻĵĸ˸ͷЦĲ֪ߡ
ǣֵķ裬ϴҿᵽˣ˵Ժʲô鷳ֵܰæˡ
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ϸĻѵҪæĵطһԹ𣿡
ҡͷһЦƱ֡
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Ц
ϴʱ򣬸˭һѽ
ƱˮһЦĿʵ
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ǰôٷ硢ݼֺõԱڿǲˣ˼ҿȥϷأĵӰ鷳һҲˡ
֧һ˵
߲ߣôԼ˭һĵĵӰ
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Ʊǰ棬ϰ˵ûҪһԣͻȻȺпһϤףգգۣôһϴνĴҷɵǸˡ
ĳ֣ϰ˵ĵˣС˵ʱʱʱľҪһ̨ۣʯҪˡ
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ҪôǮҲûðˣȥʲôͶʰ֮ģһԶúöǮǮأ
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ѽԭǴộǱ
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ڶϣƱ˯ʱֻǸݵ۳Աĵ绰ѾյһЩؼ򲻻ϵġ


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ҡҡͷ΢˼һ˵ҹǿ׼һҪЮɣ̾ͻǿһЩҲھҲ˲ͬ

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ھʱЩ߻һνһҲЯ˴ķ˾ͼ屩ˣѹĿ죬ûʲô¡
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ôֵ֮Ǹ±ȽϺã
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һûлش𣬶Ƿһ䡣


239 Ƽ
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üͷ˵ʱϵļһҪ̣ǷӦĻᣬεҲͻʧˡ


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ϸ̫ˣҶе㲻˼ˡ
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ףǸҲһˣ
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˵ȲʱƱӷ˳ͶˣʱЦŴ˸кȻԣ֧PSG-1ʼϸϸĵ
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ϸĿһƱɫеɻ
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ֵĲ
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ƱС΢죬򶨵ļǹе⼸챻ЩϴȡЦƱѾЩϰˣû֮ǰôˡ


241 жʼ
ˣֵܣ˵֣֪ܲԤһǵʵ
΢һʵ
ʵⶫ˵ܴ󣬲ô׾ͿԤģǹ֣ǹ࣬˵ʵҲпܴ漰ܶصӰ졣
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⻰ǲϾһ˵ʵֻɹֵġ
һͷǱϾܾõˣȻһĲࡣ
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Ҿһ𣬽ϾжƻٺúõĲһ;ʱ۵ĶʮԱҲȫԱȻͨĴ磬ǹľ񣬼ʹͨľ죬Ҳ֪Ǿ򵥡
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һǽϵĹӣͺһȴӴ˳ȥǽ΢һѾɿĳųǰУӰ
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̯˫֣ѾоΣռﲻ˾͵üӴǵĳ𡣡
˵Ĳб䣬ٰյЭˡ
һֱڱû˵ǸˣʱҲͻȻ˵
ҲôΪ
Źתͷ˺־һۣһЦ
ϣҺͼһ뷨ںΣգÿһ죬ǵΣնڼӴһ֣ǹٷʵ˽µ֣С
־ƽĵ˵ͷûһ˿飬ҪôϰӴҪôǾҪ취˽뿪ˡ
λ˼ˣһϰ˵һӴλн꣬ڼӶٶλͲõˣǳһ򶼲ñʧ
Ź΢һףһǵİֺ¶һĨЦ⡣
һǵǲģϰ£жţֻҪ仰С
ͺ־໥һۣϵڻ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʱŹȴɫ΢䣬һʾ˲Ҫ˵΢΢˼º󣬶ʱصĵ˵鷳ˣѾ⣡


242 Ź
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ͺ־֪Ź˵˭һҲԿǵʵŹҪһٸղûӦˡ
İɣΪҲֻˣǰǵʵĺţе˼
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ԭʧ˵иڴˣһֱھغôпܵˣ
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۾΢΢𣬿ŹЦ
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͵ҲûܣʮƵ֮ҲţĵһѾӡС
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˼ɽ÷֣
΢΢죬һȤӡ
½ʱUѧֻ˲ļ֣ѧһǽʮƣһǻƣû̫Ϊ½̸ãһ޳ɡ
Uѧ⣬дѧ伮ܣ½ʶģܲЩѧ
ЩҲоͨ͸Źʽһ¼Ѿϳ书˵ɽ÷֣Ҳ쵱һѧųƿԲһ书ʽ
书ȴǺܹ㣬ΪⱾ书ϰߵҪʮ֮ߣ޶֮˸ҲԿŹֵʵȷʵǿ
һ֮£ϳ˶Էʩչ书ͬʱһݣ֪Է򵥣̶֮⣬ʼصĽ
ڲŻŹ֣ҪĿĻŶԷʱȸȳ֮Źһ档
Ǳ߽Ͷˣͺ־¶ǣҲֲ˰ôǴİƶʱûа취ˡ
ۿ˶ţƹսţֱ˲ԶǸľȥ


243 
ۿҪӽǸľ񣬵Źȴһ㶼żӣǱ߿һۣרӦǰ
ֵһĻҲע⣬˵ŹһӦüȥǣȴһ޶ԡ
Ҫ˵Ǳ˲ˣ·ֲ˵ԼţҲǲŵģȻ˴Ȼ죬Ƕû֣ȫһЩء
ɻʱ򣬴ľǰķľ壬ͻȻصһ죬ը˿ʱľм衣
Ӱվľ棬һӰֱӻľмһָ죬һ˶һ˸ߵı׶ƾճֱ֣ȥ
ǵӰͬʱ̰ڳһƣ˫ȭ䣬һ磬ľмһ衣
仯ֵ˲䣬üͷ΢΢һ壬ȻľӦ˵ϢǶͨ˵Ϣڳֵˣߵӡ
ͷӦ˹ľм΢ɢһʱ˵¶һ˸ߵĲڲĹѾˣȻղŶ˾ǴС
аˣߵϢӦӦһ͵豸
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ͻı仯ϲûʲô֮ɫɲǸճé®ĲȻܱôŵæҡ
ǰͻתۼͺ˿ܿ˼ٷļľƬˮһ㣬ֱΥ˻ɡ
ǰͺ֮䣬չһӦþеʵ˵ͬʱֽ仯ƣһƮƮǰĳ
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һʹƷЩϤһʱֲҿ϶ǲ뵽Ʒ
ʱľͻȻһǿէȻ֮䶼Щľĸоע˫ۣĿǿࡣ
͸Щ赲мľмͱľǵӰܵĿѾȫתһС͵硣
ͨ粻֮ͬƶôľҶľĶҲûκεӰ죬·ֻһӰһ㡣
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΢ڲʮϰٵķڽĳͣЩ𽥱أ˻Ρ
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Щ׷ķУ쵹ҲɵûҪЩڶķӲ²һתһƮɶȥ
ձ任ʱЩҲͬһʱ任˷ٶ֮׷󣬾Ȼһ޷ѵӡ
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ŭһԷȻΪһҪһΪͻƿڣȰˣ΢ŭ֮£ͣ˺˵ĽŲ
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Ӵľʱ鲼ǰЩɫķбݻ٣ղıľмҲɢ֪ȥ
֮ǰľĸ壬ȷɳӭеߣһͣ˵һԣó˺ǸС͵硣
ƺǳ֮ͲƶӸղŵλãһֱǴԭؾתʱƣڳ˱仯
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һӵĹ򣬾ֹ綯Լٶײ˶ӿ߲ŸһӴƺһ֮£̾ͳһǿ
ԽԽ࣬ɢҲԽԽǿܿ¶˼ѵɫͷҲ߳˵εζĺ顣
Էֻһ΢͵磬֮ͣʹ߾ѾĿƣ첻һһֱʹ߶
ﻢµĳ棬мԽǿһӦĴ洢ڲͣΪ
ȥƱػΪǣܵķƣһþп˵³
оһ֪ٵȥˣѾҪ֧ŲסˣԷ̺ǿһ˵׳
ϸ磡˵ϿֱӶϿƣ
촽΢΢ؼ䣬ٶȴ졣


244 
ĴҪͷӦһ£ȴԼͷô򵥵Ķ޷ˡ
еľӿЩԸģǱԽԽǿǿгȡ
Τ˿ѾҪˣȻʵǿ֪ĺжȻķȥԸֱѰ·
ܿղƵǸ˻վľǰЦ
ûʲôֵģ˹һҵĺûмܲУҿо˺þãŴһС
ΤһЦ鲢ͨŷǵɫͫףе㷢࣬ɫڽı䵭ƺղŶõùϵ
һͦģΤԴǱЩ֯߻ҪȻЩȱ㣬˵Ƿǳġ
˹ͷһЦҲһصȦӣȻһЩϵķʽͬ˵ĵϸٶ˽һЩԴʹüܵˣڱȽߡ
ںֵŹ֣ƺʲôͷ¶Ȼӿˣֱһ󷭷ɣȻһʱƵҲЩӦӲϾ
ɽ÷֣ųƾѧʽȻʢ֮ʿ
ҪǱߵ죬ȻǲŹôԼһӿȫľ˲ͳӯۻ֮һ̴ڴ
ϴ֮ϢʱŹ͸оڵΣգ˫ƽкһһ¶ۣڳһַأ²Ӷʱˣ˲ľ롣
ŹˣǶʱһ˿΢ЦϢһգŹֵ־Ҳ漴ſգ˵ŹԭѾȫص׼һ벻ڵϢʱһ͡
һ΢Цʱ죬ֻǱߵһͺȣͷ͹һʱǿжһ˿ѪͬʱҲɿ˿
˵ͬʱֱӲϣվ֮ǰǸλϣ˫־£֮䣬һǿ̻۶ڴʱѾȫ緢ٶȱͨҪ
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ϿƵʱ΢Ѿʼԭ·ǰʩչ书ٶҲǼ죬̫ͼʱ΢ǰһҵľ롣
ά̫ͼͣգۼײ磬Ȼ缫תҪȡ̫ͼڵϧʩչ̫ͼԭһǳȶĽṹƻ״
ˣ̫ͼ֮󣬲ӵʱͻΪһҵ˳ʱŲΧתķʱ룬֮ʱ˼ҵ
£תٶԽԽͬʱ̺ҲʼԽԽȶģڳ˵ɫЩˣ͸¶ǿѾ˺ˡ
Ӧ缴ʧأǰһģһۻٴηֱڣ֮ʱǳȱǵҡ
һ̧Ҳͬʱһ֮βһģʱƬƬѣɷľȻмд磬ֱӳ
һ죬˲ִݶ˴Ƭķ۳
Ųӵʱ䣬ϴһľ죬һǿ֮ʱɢ˿òִڵĻﶼһζ
Ѿפ侯ؾǣ֮һĶɿĴӳգۼʧյĸߴһƬҫ۵ĹâڵҹԵøԡ
ʲô
ǰҲˣ
֪Īʲôʽ
Ѿ˳ľǣе󣬶ʱСĽͷӶ˼䡣
ִ񣡡
һӳ˹̴һͺȣֹ˽Ŀһվľǣӳ΢΢˵ͷߵĵط
ǰ泧Ĳִ仹һЩ룬ЩĲǺټϳĻӣ֮һ㶼û
ֻȻǲ̫˵ע⣬Ͼľ춼ڳִڣԶϵƱȴǿһȻ֪ɳִŶʲôϾоѻǹи߷ֱʵĹѧ׼
书жƱȻģΪʱķѵѾһˣĲ࣬ĳ̶ȣҲֳʵǿ
ִ֪ѾʼսƱҲеľѻǹǸӷɿ˸Ǳ߸˹ȥ
һʮƣƺŵЩͬУ书Ѿﵽһµĸ߶ȣȻţͣǿĹϻ۵ԣ
ŹִʱҲѾӸղŵϢе˹˸߿գʱ̾벻ֻһʱûйעΣȻͳ֣
ˣҲû뵽ҪΪܵĻȻˣߣǸ豸ӦΪɣ
һЦ˵ʱ򣬽ͶҲս֣׷˵󣬺ǽֵļͺ־¶ҲЩϢ˿Ƕ˵ӣƺȽҪǱһЩ
ҾͲˣҵֻίҴΪһȴûиʲô
Źƽ˵񿴲˿Ĳƺԭˡ
ҲûָԼ仰ܱƵö¶ּĹ֣ʵ־һһǿǲΪ˼仰׻ᶯҡġ
ϸ磬뾳Ǹô
΢΢һ̣ƲͷĽʵ
ջĵɷκγ˷ߣ뾳ͼ뾭ȷû󣬲ſж
̸˵˳
뽯ϸĻѾˣִŵģԸľЩǻߣǶڿװڣǷ뻪ľڣɻͼ죬ھҪǻȥһ
̯˫֣΢΢ʼ
Ź۾΢Уûļ˵ʲôߵǱﲻסˣղʩչΤ̳ǰ̤һ󲽣ֱӴľﵽŹǰλãһ֮ң˺ʮ׵ľ롣
Ҫǻȥ飬ܼ򵥣ץסǾˣ
¶һ˿΢ЦΤ۾ٶȴɫ˵ɫ


245 ȫ
ץסǣⲢһѵ飬Ī㻹µ
ָָڳûһӹ֣Ȼ֪˵Ĳվں켸ˣ糱ˮһӿ侯ؾ
˶ѵصսӣʹߺָ֣Ҳûʮİ˵ԼȫˣִǿʹЩҲôʮֵľ
ٺ٣Ȼ˺ܶྯ죬Ҫ뿪ǿģҪǣԶ֣ƾЩˣȻ򲻹һܲ𣿡
ΤһЦͫɫԽԽŨҲʼƵͷʱƮ
ȻǷߣܵͦǿģ֪ĸ֯
ԶԷεĵ⣬Ͷȫӿʱ׼ֵĴ㣬ȴһ٣ûл׵ҡҡͷʾȲҪ嶯
Һ˹ĸ֯ǶߵĹӶ׬ȡһ΢Ӷѡ
ΤһЦȤĴ
ԭôֻܱܺǸĸ㣬ǽӴˣȻǶߵĹӶǾӦúЩԽӣЩǲܽӵġ
˵ͷɫʱ΢΢һûǿ֯ܣ͸ıȡ棬ֻ˵ǷǳĲǣҪ˳Ļüûиı֮ǰ
ƺԼʵţܱǸҲͬˣĵˮȻ׵ģһιļ۸ҺĶҲֻðһˣ
ΤһЦʱ
ܶԷǿӶǶûлˡ
ʮƽ˵һ䣬䣬ͺԤ׵һ̤ǰ˲͵Τǰһƣû˿ĻεֱΤؿڶȥ
ΪߣΤҲٶȼĶȻ죬ǻû޷Ӧĳ̶ȣֻͷһؿڴ̾ͳһſתķţֱֻǰ
߾һ㷽ƱȽϴڿ츳֮ʱͻǶĿƶó֮Ϳʹ
ҪĿˮƽҪߵΪ;磬ʵԲܹĿתѾܲˣĴ߶ˡ
һжԸе㲻ˣΪȫֵͨˮ׼ͻȻֵǸɫţ˿ûбк󳷵Ĵ㣬ڵľ˲лˡ
ԭ͵Ľ澢գۼѾ೤ĻƣóƻڽṹĻƣֻǸոսӴǸţͼֹͣתһɢӰ١
ͻϮΤٻнֵĹֻǶ̶̵һӶѣӦӲϾǸû˿ãҲڳȫȵĵɴ۾
ϾղǸҶȻߵ֮ʹǰ۳ǸСţҲ˿С֮⣬ϾĴС͸ͷûֱӵĹϵ
׾ٵһɢǸţҲΤһ˴۾һλ˹ǺΤʵû뵽ȻᷢǰһĻ
ΤҲһҲû뵽˲ǸŵһҲԴķؼܣרľУֵܹԸҲЧ
Ϊܱû̬ʹܹҲǽĳߴݣûʣ㣬˺þãŸ˷ܵļܣγ˷ŵӡ
⼼˲䱻ƣΤɵĴ֪ôһĹѾٱƽ˵ͻ˷֮ô뼸˲Ϣɴ
һ˲䣬ΤȴͻȻֳһ˪ͽһƬı裬էһΪΤ˶
ԭվں󷽵˹һıϵΤᣬΪ˱轫Τִ֮Ҳֻôˡ
ˣҲǺˣô̵ʱڵҲܹˣһͨĹ֣µֻ޲ߵĿţ벻İ취
ڱֵͬʱҲΤؿϣƵᾢʱӿ̼ͻ˱ıӴΤؿڵƤ
˹ıôһɲǵ谭ѾΤع̷һɹľѾҪڣüͷһķϵ˲ܱ˳
ֻʮɫķ̸Τܣһٵ˲˷ҵļյ˹վŹֵҲ⡣
ʹһз裬ΤжʱһͣΪ϶ᱻƵĺˣϧľٶȴٴγԤ֮⣬˶Ƕ˷еķ򣬶ȴվ˿
һը˲ȫӿϮķж˲䱻˿ͬʱûϸһؾƵ澢ĹΤڡ
һѪΤӦ˿һ˵ǱƴģǱȻۻɵģƵĹ쾢ڽΤڵĶʱڣѾʴؿڵ߹ǡ
Τ˵ͬʱŹֱܿЩҷɵķкǰΤ֮䣬˫ְڳ˼ƣɫصĽֹʤ׷ֱӽΤôһ֡
Źֵ赲ΤһֽؿڣزλöʱһɫâȻڵҪֵĻƲڵľ
ͷ󺹵ӣԼͷ¶Ȼ⻯ƵĹ쾢ôöԸġ
Τû°ɣ
˹ӺϵΤԣæʵ
ûʲô˵ùŹ֣ǰûصһʱ仹ЩѶԸ
Τ΢΢ҡҡͷ۾Ķ·Ҫӿ̽ϧ֪ڵ¶ĸݣǾ˸߷Ĥαװ
֪Τ֪һ㣬᲻һѪ˰죬ʲôӶ֪Ժ󶼲֪ҪӺ𣬵ȷҲǼȽƵ顣
е㲻ǻг˰ɣ
˹ѹΤ˵һߵļͺ־¶ˣҲʼ˼ҲĿǰƲȻռƣǺʵȴûռϷ硣
ڲߣλЩ𣿡
ĶǺܼģ˹Ļûӹʱ΢΢һ̣Щ˵
СֵȻʵҲδЩСǣһҪδؾǣ
Źֵ˵ϵһ¶ʮ顣
ҶһЩѹ׵Ҫ˭֪³
ĵ˵ͷ΢΢һ̣ҿԱ֤ˣҲһˮʱҶø˵³ôľ죬ҾͲǻܲ˲ɣ


246 ִв
в֮ĻʱŹһɫ΢䣬ȻϳǿʵʵǱ˭ﶼǻȥһҲþܰѶԷô
ʱһ͵ʴףԼˣû϶ԷˮǿɾǴĲˡ
Ҫһ㣬ΪѾ˴侯ؾ˶ԣЩ󲿶ӳľǼɵĸԭڣŹֻܱ򶨣˵ɫѾԳ˱仯
ڼ˽ŵʱ򣬲ִĵĴˣһӰϢ˽ֱǸǰصĴľ
Ǹˣ
Ź̾ͲĲԾʱͷҲصķԸǸľʲôΨһĵƣˣھ͵취ˡ
˹ȼ̻ͷһۣͬʱǵֱľĺӰжʱҲһϹȥ
һЦȻҲǵӰһ۾ϳƱдϲ֮£ʱӿٶȷ֮ճצңңָ˵Ρ
ʱڵתһУζΪţӿбǿǽʮƵ֣ڱһʱ
˹ͺ־˸ոתΣôһʱ΢΢һ£ȻûܹӲֵĳ̶ȣһȴûκġ
ôһĹ򣬽ȼ̶ع׷ϣֱӲסǼˣһ˾Ͷ˹Τˣ⵽شΤսѾɡ
Ҳʵɣ׼ΤˣʵӲֻһ͹Ƶ˹ҪʱʱԮ֣˶һˣѹ·硣
ƿѵõԶѧǷӵ쾡£ƻļ䣬͵ľĴӿȻû֮ǰôţ䷢εԣмܵĺǱ
ôһĹƱѾѸٵĴľ񣬾ͳ汻
էһƱװ磬ʱһŬľҪȥ֪ѾˣֻҪٳһʱ䣬ͿԻˣȻʱ䡣
Ҫ£Ǻһġ
Ʊ̵ٵ˵
⻰ͣŬŲΣƱ˵ͷְԴŶһ˵˵㡣
ƱֵĿһǸˣγ˰ϵذף¾ӣ˶ס͵ë
һˣϰ壬Ҳ˽ٳˣȻŰﵱʱݵ㣬ĿڹǾиָ֤֤ͽˣ
һÿס͵ë˵
Ʊ˵ͷûж˵ʲôɾĽǸҲ˳ڻ˴Ӳִĺſ뿪ˣ˽ľƱص˺ڰС
۲һΧĵκӳ¥ݷɿݶϣѡ˸λú̴ó˾ѻǹ׷׼˴Ǹִ䡣
ڳļˣھŹֻûж֣˻ţڵڻľۼսһ
ʱһ΢ĲŹֺȻԤ׵ܿһ϶ʱһĺɫСһףǱٷеӵĵס
ܿӵŹ̧֣ͷֱӿȱĲĿƺֱӴǸĶԶ϶׷Ʊ
ȤȻôľѻ֣ǲ˾ˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷŹ̾˿΢ɲİһ¿ӵĿڴڴֻͱ༭õϢʱϢķ˳ȥ
ڲߣӦЩ˰ɣ
һЦ۾΢΢ƳһǱսȵսš
ΣδΪ˵ǰ˳ֵ׼ʹʧˣʧҲǿڳܷΧ֮ڵġ
ŹִһЦ
ǵ׼ֵͦģʱˣȻôŲæҵȤˣҪǵĵƵʲô
Ͼı˵
ҲµĻٹʮ룬ͻῴˡ
룬ŹһЦ
˵Щʲôʱ򣬶ͻȻ΢΢һ˲ִ洫һϤϤִǳΧˣһΧǽ˿ȻǲʲôԵ޹ܵġ
ҴЩŲƶٶʵͣٶԶˣǾŹ˵ĵˣȰźõĺ֣ѹô޿֡
Ź˵ʮӻĹ򣬲ִĺžֱ˴ˣοɳ˲ˣʮ֮࣬ȵļˣ϶һĳͲ
ˣ
۾һУ̿ЩʲôȫһɫĻڣ²ĵATK-92ͺţӵеǿԺƽһС¥û뵽Щ˾ȻŪ
õѣ̷׷׺ˣȫ˻
֪ʲôôҲͲ˵ʲôϻˣһҲͲˣ´μʱϣܹҪôŲźá
Ź֣һЦ
ϣһǼʱ򣬲ֳ档
ĵ˵ͷûж˵ʲôµѾݲʲôľˣATK-92ǿڳ˶ܲǰǼ󳧷滹кܶͨĹ
ʧȥҪŹ־ͰĿͨȺڵϣѹҪѡһĳΪʱݵ㣬طƫƧͬʱܼȺǸǳĵط
ڣ
ɨһˣŹ΢һףһȺ뿪ˡ
˾ôվȺ뿪ֱЩʧ˲ִΧǽ֮ʱŻ̾˿
ĵİкܶǷȱطȻATK-92˽ûҵĽ𣬷ôͨˣһǵ۶ٵļͥ
εҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ϸ粻𣬰һ裬ûо԰ȫķǻаһʱҲһ˾ܽ⣬ǵĹǰպϢǻûж֮ǰƻЩ
תͷ΢΢һЦοһ䡣
İɣϵܣҿûôֻͻȻпһˡ
ЦŰ˰ֵ
˵⻰ʱƱҲ˽
ղЩ˱ǵ١
ߵߣƱµ˵
ȻЩATK-92ǾԲĵġ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ǲֹղûǱߵݶΧǽ滹ˣЩ˵ŵĶƺ΢Ʊ
Ʊҡҡͷ
Ʊȷ
üͷʱ΢صʵ


247 ڧ
Ʊʽ΢ըȥſģᶥ죬רΪӹսṩ߼㱬ƹЧ
϶ǲ˵ģݲԵĽһĻƴСƱԽըĳ䵽һķΧ
Ҳ˵վŵֻҪмһƱͻܵԵĴ
ը޴СɣرʺЩսȻҲǿֲִѡʮֱݵĶܸ顣
ؼǣƱʹϵĲ죬Ը̽ȫߣ̽ʮֵѣʱҲڱŽ֪ʶʱ򣬲˵ʽ
ƱĻǾ̫Σˣ뾡ǵ٣˳׵ĿƣһʹƱ룡
½һƱʲôʱȺõ˽Ʊ飬ʱд󾪣̼˵
ҪżҲ֪ʮҪֻһˡ
˵ͷ˼һ˵
ҪԳ֣
ֵĿһ֣ҪĸȥңնԷ١
ǸŹǸĸ֣ȥ̽Ļ϶ᱻʱ˿ɾˣΪ˲ݾߣֻһˡ
΢΢һЦ˰ֵ
ȻĻǾ鷳Сȥһˣεܹһ룬Ϊ빦
дϲ֪ʵԳֵĻôվͻˡ
빦ʲôҵǲںֻҪ˳İˣⶫҲǺں
ҡͷһЦһԵƱ˵͸һȥɣʱȻȥҸǰ֮ͻϵʱٿôж
Ҳãôֵһ·СģʲôҪĵطϵǣʮСʱ˴
΢һͷһֺ󣬴һȥˡ
ȵҶߵĲˣǰһ˵ֵܣ֪书ǿЩ˶ǿʽ㻹ҪСģҪ֧Ԯʱվ󣡡
İɣһעģҲȥϢɣʱϵ
ͷһЦĽı۰ָͷʾһ£Ʊٵִͨ뿪ˡ
Źôһ˳룬Ҫ˵һۼǼֱǲܵģ˳Щۼ׵ľʹƱһ·׷˹ȥ
Щ뿪ķǲǳȥԽԽƫսһƬɽﻹдԭһЩɽסѾǨ
ŵϵĺۼ˻˽СʱĹ׷ٵһɽĲʯӽľͻȻͣ˽ŲƱҲ漴סΡ
ȥһʵĹ۲ҰΧҪǸʯȥϢ̫ĻױԷĸַ֡
ͷС˵
ţ֪ˣҪСģԷ߿Ƽܶ࣬˵ʲôİ취Բ̽㡣
Ʊ˵ͷһ̵ͷ뿪ˣߵɽ˹ȥ׼Ѱһʵ㣬ǲ̫ģϾ˽Ķ࣬Ƿǳġ
Ʊߺ󲻾ãϢǱĲʯڣ˳źۼҵһƾɵĳûſھ洫ļҵ
Ҫˣ
ŭһĿŹ֡
ʲôʱҪˣǵĳ𣬿һҲ١
Źƽ˵˿쳣
ߣղŲ˵Ҫǵĳȴ˵ҪԭЭļ۸ѵǳ𣿶˵ͻ⣬Ƕ̫ˣ
ʱŭֿһԵĺ־£Ϻ˵ǲô
Ҳ̫ˣҪ֪Ӹղͬǵĳ𣬵ڿɻûмСʱô˵ͱأ
־Ҳᶨվ˼һߡ
ˣͬǵĳЭ֮ûɣһʧأôǵĳأ
ŹֵһЦɨһ۵ûп˿ԭĳѾòˣλɲҪʲôĵط
㣡
ʱᣬֲٶ˵ʲôô˵εʧܶˣƺҲȷûʲôҪ˼нꡣ
ˣҪΪЩСִˣиҪ񣬲Щµġ
Τؿڣ͵ĿһܲƵĿż˵
ǸˣȻ˼һжӲסҪͬ㵲һ£ӦҲûл˵˰ɣ
⻰ĶԵЩ̶ʱļһ䡣
˵ȷҲôҵʶһ㾿ж
΢΢һͦΤʱһӿֳ΢硣
ˣⶼʲôʱˣǻЩνִôˣǸ̸̸ļƻͰţҪЩСӰĴ¡
Źһߣ͵һ˶ʱһĶĤһʹϢĵľ
ֱʱǲŹΨһһֵܹˣղҲֻڶսĹУû¶Եơ
ϾʵΪŹЩŭ֮ڳ˶ʱҲͲ֨ˣһŹ֣ġ
ԭһżƻѾʧˣȥ϶עʱ̫ʣҾ˸ղôһ֣Ʊػᱻٷתƣ㲻תƣҲǿء
˶ŹֲŻ˵ֱִżƻ²˳٣׼ϰҲ˴ģҪɣɲʧˣ
ֱִżƻϰ˼
Τüͷһ壬ʱŹ֡
ежȫȨʲô⣬һкеҲصģϰǲֵλͷϵġ
Ź΢΢һЦֺ¡
Ȼ仰ҲͷˣֱִżƻĻǻҪ֣ƾ˿ɲǱ߳Ѿȫûˡ
־Ҳ˵ͷ˵
İɣղѾ֪ͨ˺־λǳʱ򣬾ͿԺǻˡ
ŹʮЦ
ƫƧĽЩ˵Ļһֲ͵ˣ˼żƻʲôʱ򣬶΢һʱĶС
һ˳ŵӰִ˲Զһ̨ھԣһƽطתֱӷھĲֻ¶һͷĴƾɳ
õǰˣǲǻˣΪҵѾȫˣ
ŹֻʱһЦʱӲԶӰӳɽֱ˶£գۼĹѾվ˳ưܵΧǽϡ
㣿
Źɫһ䣬ĿѾΧǽϵˡ


248 ³Թ
ŴĴҿǾˣһȻ
ǰ˵֮һЦǽͷ߽˳ǽͷϵĵӰͦǵǺɽϣһϤϤȻ˲ֹǼ
ǣ
Źһ˿ɻɫʶǰˡ
߽ƹµˣԼٵӣʮ־ƽͷͷЩƣ۾Щ֣ߵıұߵҪϲ٣һ΢ɽ
ŴȻǹ˶£ôͽЩ°ܽˣҰһΣҿһ޷
ɽһЦ
ǺǣЩ˰ĳµʤô֪һʷֻʤߣʧǲᱻסġ
ŹֵһЦƽĿǰˣƺղ˵Ѿȫ飬ûжκεӰ졣
Ź֣ܲЩѾ򣬹ȻС˵־ʱҲЩϢģµҵɽ÷֮ʱҲûԼܻ쵽زɣ
һЦŹֵĿʱ
ɽ÷֣ǣɽ
Źֶʱ΢΢һ㶣ɽ÷ʱɫڳһ仯˼ĵ
Ҳ˵ǰ㣬лܵĶⲻǻǵöĳ𣿡
ɽһЦ
ӣô͵겻һˣ
ľȹŹָֻǰǸƽģһ˿һ仯
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ϵһȺˣ˵ĶԻĬôĿţǰҲЩǵԤ֮⣬ʱڹ֮УŹǰǲġ
˵ˣǰͻȻĶɽҲǸƲ磬һʵǿľˣóȻȥĵĹ֣һЩƬɿʵǳ
ٺ٣һҿǵ˶ʮ꣡ʮ꣡ҵȵᣬΪʲô㻹Ҫ㲻Ҫȥִżƻ𣿡
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Ҫͽǰ˺غͨغĿڰͨ೤ĺڵͶϧ߽θ̫غֻԽӴһ߽ſھɵ
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ȻΪ˭ǹ㶫ǵĵ̣κҪﾭÿǵɫƣϰѾܸˣֻѣûΪͨڰʲôȥ׬Ǯ
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˵ǰ˰ɣ˵ϴһȺĹӶȻھҲǰ˴æİɣһȺˣôھô˳ж
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غŪһЩ߽ȻҲԼ·ֳɹģĶ˻սûʲôǹеЧˣʹָ֣ôܼĻҲֻǱӴһ;
Ź֮ǰˣǸʱ򣬾Ѿȫγˣ˵ˣսȫһںͶɽ½̾ͳ˴˶һͷܡ
Ǽλ֣ܼĻǵһʱʩչ˳ڵķϾɻе棬ݱӵ

ɽһ󳩿֮ĴЦӹѳǹһһҵĴͣɨţ书׿ʹǹе׼ľˣŹһԭͲ֣ʱڼ١


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취Һ˹ϣܵĹԶһƣ룬شǵĻ𣡡
Τٵ̽ͷһСĺһԵŹ˵
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Ҫ۲֫жĹ򣬷ֺֽɽ÷ֱֻС׼ףݴɽ÷ĸ֣֮Ϳ׵Ľ˴ж˿顣
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254 ټŮҽ
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ǹˣҽѧǽڿѧĻϵģ֢Ǻѹ˵һҽѧ⣬Ƶʱһ̶ȵʹҲ֪ģⶼǲɱ顣
ʫĽ͵ǲΪҩˣһʱҩ˿ԣڵƾͻøӼѡ
Ҳ֪ǾûбķҰ΢һʵǿ⸱ʹӡ
εҡҡͷ̾˿
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ʱվʫ΢΢һЦͻȻ˵


255 ţС
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ؿڣƬؿڵλöʹ̣ǰƵʱûô۵ģ۵ԽԽˡ
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ܺӴ˻ƵļΪ˷ֹϸɢڵİ֢ȷҪǿȣϸɱףںпܻٶȸ
ʫһСĽ˵һ顣
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ʫ̵˵ͷɿ˳ȥһĹСˡ
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Ʋͷһ·ŵķմæ˹ȥ˷ţָϽصϣ׵¶˸ݵϰ
Ϊͨڣʩ벢û¶ֶΣֻͨͨһ룬ϵѨλȻҪҲʫĲ֮ͬ
ֻǲʮӵĹͰ˳İе룬мҲû¶ʲôĵطǼڸղʫ˵ĻմҲҶ˵ʲôֻеĿ
ô˼ңڻ𣿡
һ߽СʫϣһЦʵ
ףĲˣ̫ˣ׻һĴǧҽЧЩҽվǷչʱ̣ﲻǻҽˮ׼
˼Ҿȵϰ塣
ҽҵֻԶһЩҽˡ
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256 
ʫڲ˼䣬˼һЩ飬һЩԳԵڻָʳҩģʮӺ뿪˲
û·ղŵǸմ׷˳
ô£
عͷʵ
ҵƬԺʲôҪĵطҾУֻҪܰæģаƴǡ
մ˫ֵݹһƬϿҵ˵
΢΢һЦ۾ɨһƬʽǷǳľ£һ̽ĻƣȻһ۾ܿǶȻ̽ƬķѲ˶ٻƽ𣬵Ҳ˵ǰ֮˵ĵβ͡
ãƬҾˣȥ˼Ұɡ
ӹƬ΢΢һЦʫϾֱص˰칫ҡ
¹֮Уͷĵȥɣ˶ãҾͻȥһŷޣʱȥ㣬Ǳߺ˼ҺúõĽѧѧҽľ飬ҽȻйĪ֮ܣҽϵǳƣ˽һ㣬Ҳҽѧ֪ʶ
ϵ뺯ϸһ˵
ţİɣֲСӣ֪ôġ
ʫһЦ˵ĿԼҵĺӳѧһǧµǱ߲úѧϰ֪档
֪ˣҸѰôˡ
ҲЦᰴʫϵʼϸĲ̽ڵĴһȦ⵹ûʲô⣬ӹǱȳҪһЩ
ôҽҵĲоô
ʫЦۣʵ
ܸӰڱҽ߳ǿԽʲô⣬ģ
΢һװģһ˵
̫лҽˣ
һЦʫ뺯
һȵʫ°ˣͻסŷ˼С
ؼҵ;Уͳֻдһҩĵ֣Ȼ󽫶ŷԸһҪЩҩȫռ
ЩҩղŸʫϺʱʱҩ䷽׼һҩʫϴ¹ȥĽȶҪһЩʫǱ߿ס
ҵʱ򣬼ѾϨˣ˿һյƣǶѾ˯ˣһȥϴ˸裬Ҳص˷׼ʼÿռֲиǱ֤Ϊǰᡣ
ûĹǱ߾ͽҪҩĵĶ˹ڼﻨ˰ʱ䣬еҩĶ裬ҩ֡
ôҩģ裬Ϊζôѳԣм˸ʲݵȼζζҩģʹǶһֺóԡ
ʱҲˣʫͻӶʻȥĽڵĺ࣬պ裬ֱӿȥˡ
⼸ʫ϶ûϰ࣬ڼ׼ҪõĶвһϣǰ׼˵ȴʲôֳЦ
ףôˣ
ʫϷ·æ˹ţȴվ⡣
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ʫϽӹ˴ӣֵĿһʵ
裬صظƵģĽǱȽ쳣ӹʱɱ𿸲סǱ˵¹һزģҲûչˡ
΢΢һЦ߽Ѿӣһһ·һһ飬Ҫôȥ
ѽһЩרҵ鼮Ǳ߶õϵģҽԺһЩڣﻹóһЩʵѧأȻ׼һ㡣
ʫЦ˵ôȥҲʹһѽڣɲܱѧˡ
Ƕеӵ𣿴ӵ˰ôӣö𣿡
ֵ˵ǸװӣҲаأһ˵Щͷˣ˵ʫεεŮˣǸϲġ
°רŵĽͷ񰡣ʱ÷æһ¾ͺˡ
ʫ΢΢һЦ
컹㵽ɣǱֱҸʿ͵طˡ
ҡҡͷʫϴŵĴССİĳ˿Ů˾ŮˣһţҲˡ
ҲУǾ鷳ִҽˡ
ʫƤһЦתطȥʰȥˡ
һڷﵽһȦʫסķǸһлֻͣоʮƽңȻҽʮֵĸΪӲκεƷͺ
ôһĻȻΪҽҲڸȺҪڶһױȽϴķӣЩģڵ׷ӣҲڻеĴ
һ׷ʫסµģ֪ʫϵԸȻǸľĴŮرҪǿҲСʱľйأ̫˵
ҪʫֱӼҲ̫ʣڼŮѾܶˣϵûŪһʫϣ񲻸ҳһ࣬ǸҲһͷ
΢΢̾˿ҡҡͷʱôɣʵҲʫϳʲô࣬΢һЩˣԺлᣬٰ¸ˡ
תȦûʲôɣֵȥʫʰ˶ʫϵķ䣬һ̾Ϣ򵥵ڷŵļƷ³·ҲǺܶࡣ
ȻǺȽϵģʫ˳ƯŴҲܽʣȻ·ûʲôĴƣǴ϶ܵ壬Եۡ
뵽Ǿ仰΢΢һЦȻǸ簡
еĶ֮һЦûʲôʫȴ۵ĹǺ屾ƫôʱ䣬Ѿ㺹ˡ
ߣȥԵóԵģ㲹ӣ׼
һЦĨȥʫ϶ͷĺ顣
ʲôóԵѽ
ʫҲЦϢʵ
߾ͶˣҲûȥ˵ĺܲʦĳһ
˸ӣʫϵİ˳ſ뿪С
ͺ·϶գ㿪ʮӲͣͣĵطʫһ˿ɻ֮ɫһСӵڣʲôԷĵط

Ĵһµʫֵʵ
԰ٺ٣֪ˡ
³ʫ߽սȥûԶľͣһլӵſڣϵһԴͭһĹ˹˺ʵľš
ãʼλ
һŷģ·΢Цʵ
һλ
Цſһʫ˵
õģλ
ò˵һԣ߽˴լ


257 ż
λ׼ĲأһԵһ
һ΢΢һЦ뿪ˡ
ףﲻ͵𣿡
ʫֵĿųȥķɻʵ
Ȼˣ˽ˣûв˵ģ׼ʲôͳʲôһͨķ꣬ʲô͵ʲô
Цҡҡͷ
İһû˵أ
ʫһϡı飬֧Դһ
լӱֳ˺öСķ䣬ûŶʮƽң˿ˣҲϲһٺˣĴûκα־֮мϿ̽֡ׯ
һ죬˺ܿͶÿһȶɫζȫ˲һʳָ󶯣֮ǰҲֻ˵ȴûǵһγʡ
ۣĺܺó԰
ʫϳԵ޲ڣӴͷβûͣ
ȻˣһѸҵģŵŵĶ˽ˣҲǵһʦ⴦زĵֹͻҲһĴ
ЦǺǵ˵һ߲ͣļв˸ʫϡ
Ҳһ˳Բôࡣ
ʫůůģЩߵ˵
һ㣬˵¹ҲҪԼóԱʱһҪԱҪѧϰҲҪ̫ƴˣҪݽϡ
˵ţеĶһҲûͣʫϼŲˡ
֪
ʫһЦ
˱߳ԱģССİ͸һƬЦշǳĺá
ʱ򣬰ڵͻȻһߵһתŮ⴫˽
ʫ϶ʱͷ˹ȥֻһŴīĸŮ˽ųԷ΢΢һЦҾͲµ㣬ղ·棬
ˣ
΢΢һ㶣ôпܵˣ
ÿڶҪѽôû߹ôҼǵطҸİɣ
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˵ôһе㲻ǵˡ
˸ʫϽһʫϣҦˣǸܳĴǣ˵𣿡
ȻҦô᲻ʶڻֿȵĴǣû뵽Ȼۼˣ̫ˣ
ʫЦҦòһ֣˸кŮӵһ˿˵ζ
ԹˣҪҪһԵ㣿
һ㲻ԾϽתƻ⡣
ûأողŹæһ죬øϽúõĳԵ㶫
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㻹ûҽһλŮأ
Ҧº۾һЦſʫϡ
ˣҽһ°ɣҽʫϣǵһҽԺڿҽ
ʫϴҪ˵ЦŶҦ˵
ҽ㻹ʶҽѽһΪһ򣬶ʶҽģ˵ԼҲͦ
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ɾʹˣҪʫϣͲʶңΪ͹ٵǼˡ
ҡͷһЦ
ô£
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ʫϿǾΣһڼ׹¥͵ҽԺʱѾ첻ˣʫֻشȻһڶ˰ɱ涾·˹ȥɱʫҲһغˡ
򵥵İ齲һ飬Ҧü΢һĵı顣
ԭǻҪúõĸлҽˡ
ҦȻĵ˵ͷʫ΢΢һЦ
ûʲô˱ҽְҲֻԼְѡ
ʫ˰֣һЦ
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ﲻǲܵ˵𣿡
ɵĿҦˣֵʵ
԰һ˹Ȼǲܵ˵ģҾͲͬѽ
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Ҧ˸æ͵
ԭϴκû
Ȼĵ˵ͷĶһҦˣѾͷȻܣ´εúúýѵһ²С
ҦС΢죬һɨĻ̣Ͻתͷʫ˵ҲһԵɣĲ˶ܲأ
ʫϣٳһɣǿռҦҴСĹ⣬ȻɳԲôĲʽ
΢΢һЦָʫϼˡ
ҪԲô࣬ٳԾͱɸˡ
ʫæ֣Ц˵
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ʫϿһҦˣҦֻ˵ͷԷ䶼һ˿΢죬ƾŮ˵Уʫ֪Ҧ˿ºĹϵһ㣬ֻǼ򵥵ѹϵ
˿ɲУʱûҪô죿
һĪĳ嶯ʫСһţѾˣҪʱŷѾˡ
ûϵѽʱ͵ּɣʡ
ҡͷһЦһԵͷԲ˵ҦͷղΪһƷҦ˵ͷԼȴûзֻŵͷһĳԡ
ּң˵ĺֹŴ⽨Ĵһ
ʫһЦһ˵
԰ַ⽨壬ҲеģλǣǳҦңһϵ۸ӣʵӴļ塣
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ʫ϶ʱĿҦʵ
ȻˣֹҦңкöļأЩ彥ĺִ῿£ܶҲӦִᣬһһƣҲкܶļ壬Ϯ˹ŴĽơ
Ҧ̧ͷЦ˵Ҿһ壬Ȣ˺üأ绨Ĵˡ
ԭӵұ֮
ʫȻĵ˵ͷϳ٩Ŀ
ţţѵô
æСʽĵ˵ͷ
ûʲôõĵطŴЩ檵Ĵٹˣɶû̫ð̫࣬ʱҲͦ۵һأ
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ǲõģ˰ǹ֣أһŸܲ༸һֵĻ¾͸ܲˡ
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ʱ¶һޱȵɫҦһ㶡
㲻Ҫ밡ҿɲ֪
Ҧ˶ʱ΢죬ֵ˵ģΪǸһ书ǷȽϴԲȢ˺üš


258 ʾ
ԭ
Ҳϳѧʫϵӣ˵
ѽ㣡
Ҧ͵͵һţߺˡ
书ȷĺܲطڰҲԷˡ
ʫ΢ЦŴ˸Ҧ˽ΧˣôŪȥⷹҲԲˡ
书ֹڶ֪ʲôزȥˣһûͣ书˵زأ
书Ҧ˶ʱһԺ书н죬ĹһҰҲأЩʲôҽûһܱȵùģ
ţͷ˰ҿɻû޵еĳ̶أ
ʱɤӣ¶һߵ顣
ﶼԼˣͲҪѵӰһװˡ
Ҧ˶һȫߣֵİ˰ֵ
ҵĻǺʫѧأûʫϵĽ̵ûнôߵˮ׼
Ц˵
Ǹʫѧİ
ĵʱ䳤ˣҦ˺ʫ֮ĹϵҲˣҪ˶˵ĹϵգеǢеСңʮֵ֡
Ϲ˵ô΢ĩ̵֮Ǳѧ죬ȫѧɲţˮƽͲ֪˦ˡ
ʫæ˵
˷ʰ˲ֶһ裬˽ⷹ塣
ˣôԷ
Ҧһڲ裬ʵ
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Ц˵
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һڹʵͦ׵ģҲڹ˺óʱ䣬ǻصĵĺá
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ѽҵǻȥһѣҲûҪԺ󶨾ӹ⣬һҲ͹ȥˡ
ʫһЦ
ǰʫϵȽϲȳҪܶ࣬һȥͦ׵ġ
Ҳǵ˵ͷ̾˿
㲻ǻôûʫϿ
ҦֵĿʵ֪жŲмô꣬κˣľǼʮѡ
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΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ʦûܳ׽⣬֪жѣûо԰յʱǲֵġ
ҽʫϵʦҽ壿
Ҧ˼䣬Ȼ۾һ
ţ㻹֪ҽ䣿
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ѽҦҵˣѹ֪ҽ䡣
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
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ʫƽ˵ȻΣлһĨ
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ҦæСĵǸ
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Ҧһ⻰æתͷ˵
İɣⲻмʱأʱҵĹһܹﵽҪġ
ݹһĵ
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Ů˾׶ƸУʫϵĲҦ˵ͬ飬תۼѾղŵǵε׵˾⣬һеĶ
֪ⲻһֱŬϳż˯⣬ʱɶƴ
գգۣЦ˵
Ҧ˵ͻȻ΢΢һ죬˼˵ľϷǶʱ䣬˯ȥϻʹ
뵽ЩҹҦͻȻûɵһůһЦһĪ֪ʲô
ڵׯ˽˳ԷʱʫǰʦסŵĹʾӣǸƫƧլͻȻһӰ
¹£һӰ಺ԽΧǽֱվԺ룬Ŀ˺һŻ̾˿
£һҲкüˣʫѾͷһ˹¿Ļţôأ
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˵˼ѾͷҪȥˣһȥҿɷĲ£һЩһֱбѾͷڿҪһһ˹ˡ
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˫֣һԺﾲվţƺڻŵ飬һʱЩˣֱⲻԶһĺŻع
һŲ˳
ʫϣʦȥϢɣ컹ҪϷɻأ
ʫˡ
극ҦһȻȥˣʫ˵ҪʦĹʾӿϾҪ뿪һ֮ãôʱ䲻ҲЩ᲻ʦ
ţûϵҪǸϲĻסҲС
ʫӦ˵ЩʲôʱͻȻͣס˽Ųһʫϵֱ֣˸ƣʫȻ֣֪Īô϶Ƿʲô
ʱȷǷ˲ԾĵطղլӦһʮ΢ϢϢһţû׼ȷĲ׽Ǹ˲õĸ֣
ʱѾôˣԺȴһôǿĸ֣ò˾裬˵û±ĶǱطһعͻ˵ᡣ
һĹؼǸط̰֮˵ĿӣǧŲ
ҪҶ
촽΢΢أĴʫϣһѾĹʾӣʫϸûзӦֻǰһѾʧȥӰ
һϢʱ䣬ѾԽ˼ʮ׵ľ룬լԺΧǽ
ʱլԺҲͻȻһӰӰȴûдΧǽߣֱݵݶ
û˿ӰûлͷʧҹĻ֮С


259 ΰδ
վΧǽϣۿǵӰԶȥû׷ȥΪ׷ϣΪǵӰ뿪ʱ򣬸һ仰
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仰ǴܵķͳģҲѧļ⣬һ۾ͿӲ۳һߣĶ֮С
ַȻûдܵطʹҲ˵˵Ĺ֮ߣֻһ֮ҪĻƲЩ㷲˽ĵƣʤֻ֮
ӦصĹ֮ˣһ͵ĸ֣ս鶼ǲȱٵģҲ˵һĹ֣;鶼ȱĸ֡
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֪˵ƾѵģѵҽǰѣҿ˵ҲСʮˡ
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ţӣҲʲôˣСһͿˣûҪϡ
΢΢һЦʱѹĵףʫϿ߽Ժ
լĶûʲô仯ʫÿܶɨһΣûסҲһȾӣ˷ʫԻФ˵һͺ뿪ˡ
뿪֮ǰǵӰֻصԺ
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ƵصڿտԺǵӰһ仰ٶʧˣͷ·ûֹһ㡣
Ȼǲ֪ģڶһ磬Կʫ˷ɻ֪ɣŴӻأҵʱŮѾȥѧУʣһˡ
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ȥҽԺİְôˣ
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ڳҽԺǼҽԺڿƺģмڶҽʦְƵĻǷЩߣֻҪְܿٶǮҲ취ġ
Ī˵ְæѾ֪˵ʲôźˣһһǮƵĴүɲϴܹɰƽСåȻ֪Ṧ򣬵ִᣬʹйҲþô
ҽԺһҺܲҽԺƵĻ϶ûʲôģͲõˣõҪⲻȥĻԺҺˣ͵ҽģҪϢŶ
Цתͷ˵۾΢΢գգ
лл㣬
ĪһЦ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ǳйʮ·һ೵ͿֱﳤҽԺǹȥǱߵȳɡ
УſڣĪתԶĹվ߹ȥ
ˣгֱӿȥˣһ㡣
סĪָָ෴ķ·ͣһĳ

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԰һʱˣ㲻֪𣿡
˵ͷֵĿһĪͺڶѧǺܳģ󲿷ֶʶΪǰͣѧУĵ³ҶϦŵܡ
֪ǶʱæҶû˵Щ顣
ĪҡͷһЦͻȻЩ
Ȼܹˣ˵ڵǺܲģһǮӦòӰ쵽ԼΪ˰󷴶ҪԼһܿࡣ
ĬȻĵ˵ͷĪǸТ˳ŮӣƽʱѧУԵЩȺһѧͻϻؼҰæɻһǸʱҲǵæʱ
ˣϳɣ
ͳԿ׵εһָǰڷͺ˵

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Īϵ˰ȫСʵһǸȫʱⲻɾܴˡ
ðɣʱҲԼȥģƺǧӡ
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ǧۣĪһ࣬ﲻ֪ΪʲôͻȻЩĸо͵͵һۿ·Ѿʶǰһ㡣
ְֵĵСĵ죬ЩļƺɲǼ䶼òʵǰź˵õˣݡ
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ȵȣҽԺԭԴ˵ģ
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һӰĴſ˽֮ǰһֱվղŷһĻʵ޿ˣǷˣһ˿Щһ


264 ߵ
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һЦ۾ɨһǰļˣǼҽԺҽվ﷽ΰ
Ҫѣ쾭飬˿ǮҽԺܿ͵ˣҽԺӪҲҪĳɱеıҲһʿЩҪ֧ҽƷòС
Сҽ˵ͷͷǵҲе
ȻǮÿ˶Ӧ飬ѵûиǮֻҪѣɴû˵ǷǵķòǾôǸ˳ȥһ˳ʲô⣬Ǹ˭𣿡
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ͻת䣬ΧҽͻʿסˣĪҲǾˣ֪ʲôֻһͨ绰ΰͱӡ
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265 ֮
ʲôˣǸ˼ʮϾˣԹɫıһһֻͷΰ֮΢˼ۣѾ֪ôһˡ
Ϊˣ⻹ǱȽģ֪û»ȥǵˣô¿϶˵ˣֶΰǳĻ¡
СӣǸҪҪ鷳Ҳס㣡
ߵ˷ΰǰݺݵС˵ȴֿķΧڣò˵»Ƿǳġ
˾ˣҡ
ô˵棬үȻǸһʱ䷽ΰЩ
Ҳ㣬ˣǲ𣬿Ǹ
սһ촽΢˷ΰĻСС˵⻰ûñ˵ȥĻҲ޹⡣
һԼľ˾˶ô˵ˣΰ֪ߵ壬вɵİһʲôǿһСģأȻǣִ񼶵
Բ飬ҪɣĪƵзþСеˣҲǸλˡ
ΰǰЩεЦ
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˵Ǳ߻ҪȥҺŶӣ̫鷳ˣǿʶȤı죬֪ô˵϶ĵ
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ͺϣںĪ̾˿Ī֣ἸʮˣȻᾭĪǷḻ˲֪١
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źӾ΢΢һЦҲ绰ңҪȥѧУҲǡϿεİˡ
⺢ӣһҪǿԴȥԺǸŮΪˣƽʱҲϰȥ鷳ˣԼܽ⻹ǾԼȥ
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ѡҲʲôϵڵʵ˵Ҳȷòʲôϵˣѡһػ㹻һǮĪ̾ͱ˲֮С
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΢΢һЦ˵
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Ī峤̾˿ѩ׵컨壬֪Щʲô
ĪҲһĬͷŸ׵֣Ҳ֪˼ʲôһʱ䲡ڳҲκε
ʱѾص˼ʱҲѧˣҲȥѧУ˹ŮҲͻˡ
˼ŪһЩˣȻЩҩ˳Ʊһҩæµŵʱʹ÷
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ҪԷˣÿģĻܳԵ·ѽ
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Ʊʱһ㶣ֱֱĶߵ۾۾һգգģ·һܡ
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ɿСͷһЦ
Ʊ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôֻ㶵ĵ˵ͷôɵɵĿ
ˣȥԷɣȻ·˶ˡ
ƱĴһǣת˲ķЦһƵ


266 ·
˸кͳȥˣҪȥһǱߵ׼ôˣкܶƻҪԼС
Լֱ֮ȥӢʳ裬ڰ칫ûãͷ˽
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ᵽ϶ʱ¶һ˿΢ЦЩ˶ǾֹͨϵģʵƷȻбϡ
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ܺãǰЩѾȫˣȱģҪúõѵһǣӶʺ;˻кܴѵʱһҪıԭȵĹ۵㡣
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ȻȥƼ죬ƻвĲȷǾ߷ųĻ档
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ˣϧСģǱȻҲȥ飬ǵ׶ͨˣҪץסЩߵβͣ治һ׵顣
һʼҲñŵҪ˿˹˵Щƺһ˲õأҲʹ˽ŵ뷨
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ȻЩУҲȥ˷һ֧ǿĶ飬ȾȥԼߵˣ󻹻ȥɱѵĹӶǡ
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˴˸ӿڴͳһֻСƷһΣɫĹâһɫļͷָŵƷɵķ
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ļñķɭеľȿǲСеĿѧҾ˴ģ㣬óʹ쫷ļܡ
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ǻ¶Ѿһ̶ȺŻᷢı仯ԭҪԻϵм֮󣬲ܲٿĻ棬ɭϵȻӲʹɫ档
һĻԶҲ۽΢΢һڵҲֻմһʱûˣϵǳףҲ޸ġ
ϴҶϦ֮ô׾κˣһΪطտԪҶϦлָһȻΪǸߵʵ̫ǿˡ
˽ɭµ˺ʹҪָҲеѶȣЩҪȥҪһ
һеı仯ǳĿ죬ں֮䣬Ѿν档
ɫɭܻƣΪԼٿصȻԱյ˺ʱûд߶Ǿܷת
Ȼһ̣Ʒɵİħȭ͵ɭǰɫ赲£ħȭ¶ԭģֲ֮ͬ˾ҵĲ
ΧĿɲǼͱŤˣ濴ȥȫһƬģ֪зʲô
̶̵ʮ֮ƷɵıͻȻ΢䣬ѾӦ˸ղŷİħȭʧȥϵ˵ħȭѾɭȥˡ
Ȼ𽥻ָʱɭǰɫȻڣƷɵİħȭѾʧȥټȷǱǻˡ
ٺ٣Ϊһߣ˵ЩҼǿһûĸܱʹϻӦΪԼе
˹ɭɫﴫ˳ûͷʱΧĿû˿Ĳеȫûһ˿һ˷ѡ
Ȼǿ󣬾ȻԿּܣ
ƷؿڣһһѪȻղȥǸѾķٵټǿʩչһħȭܴˡ
飬ҲĴרŵĿѧһΪʺּܣͬϵҲԻⶼܲĺô
ɭ˵ڸһλᣬǾܾѡ񽫻Ƿδ
Բ𡣡
ƷɵһЦֱ΢΢Щ͵ֱֱĿǸɫ˿ɭӰһͬĻشһɹˣϰ߼֯С
Ʒɻ䣬ɭͶˣûаϻȻԷѾȷľܾˣôҲûټֵĵˡ
תɫԲ̣ЩԲ̵ıԵȻǷǳķټԲȼյɫ棬绢
Ʒ΢һ鴤ڵǿ˫Ŀʱһֹɫ


271 £
ڳеһɭ⣬ʱûжǸղűǿ˿ڵյ𵴣ҲҪһʱ䡣
һƷǽˣҲǺֹۣһʱȥȻҪ˵ĺΧĿǰǱذɡ
ͷת֮£ƷѾҪƴ׼ڵ̳ɵתǶʱٴһѪ˿
Ұɫ˫ĿĶŶɭ˲ɾ޴Ĺצٶȱԭ״̬ϵƤȴɫǺһɫ
˫־ͷ·ȥõһֻǰ˵طʮֵĹͱŤ
仯˫֮ƷԭһģзɫԲһһķ˿˫ֺʮһͺȣ۽һܲ
Ұɫɢ˳漴ٵ¥ĿռڣʱƬССĿռһƬХҰ
̶̵ʮʱ䣬¥ѾһƬأɫĴºԤ׵ķ˴צЩצֵ˲Ϳʼ󣬷׷ץļˡ
ɫȻļתţʱﴫһߣŴɫɢ˳˷Χ֡
ò˵ЩɫʮǿЩȻҲѲɫĶ֣һʱ׷ȥٹһЩҰɫҲɫˡ
ƷʹһУɭȥһУǰһֻж̶̵Ӳʱ䣬ǵ¥ָһƬʱ¹͸£ȴѾûƷɵټ
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¶ҡҡͷߣ߹ķʽǳ˽⣬ټ˹䣬ǳǿٴʱһҪСģǧܱϡ
ԭͨĻۣӵƳԷܵЧôǱĲãһ˲žȻΪãǿϧˡ
ɭ͵ĵ˵ͷղϲᣬʱץʱѯ䣬һ֮󣬲ҪҪԳ֡
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һ·ôƷɵһǰһĽ˶ﵽǽĸ¥ԼȴǨƾɷݣû˹ˣ綼Ϣȥˡ
һطƷɻĿǽӿڴͳһֻϸĲ״Ķ˺˹ܿڵķװͷеҺһ
ĨĨǣ׼úõļһڵ֮ʱһʮΣյĸоĺëͷ͵תһߣǱߵ¥սǴһӰվӰôĿ
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Ʒһ˾ȻϢĸ֮ǰȻһȻղ˵Ը⣬Ҳӵ˵˵ʵҪ֮ϡ
֮ǰƷɵƷһ˶㵽ѾȷƷһ˶һߣûʲôɿ֯ڱæ
һˣصˣƱҪһʱϵŵùǰʱˣǿǶԷ侮ʯĺûᡣ
Һܺ棬ǿʵΪʲôҪѡһ˶أһĳɾͻҪߣһ˵飬˶źð¡
վӰĿƷ˵
ƺһЩ˽⣬֪Һ£
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ǵþƬ𣿵ʱҶ˵Ļڻٿһ
ƽ˵
ԭ㣡
ôһ˵Ʒ˵ʱ飬ǸµĹ֣һĴ޹ߡ
ңҲҵĴӪˣҲû뵽Ȼڸ߼ϵʱҼĳ˵ȼˣɺ֮²ŷԭ㡣
ӰһЦ
ѹ֣˵ôôɣԭǵĵͷ
ƷЦһӦǴҵϳİɣڵòĿɲ̫һ
ҲǱò
˵ͷӰеĻ˳վƷǰʮҵĵطͣ˽Ų벻ڸԷ̫ѹȻҶףҪʮ׵ľ˵˲Ϣˡ
Ȼô᣿̫˲ˣ
òƷɶʱȵĵɴ۾ֱǰʵȻһʮͷˣʵȻѾôµĳ̶ȡ
ˣн죬Ҳ벻ЩǵİΪѵĳһ˳ߣվӦĵط
һЦ
˵Щʲô˼
ƷüͷһĿʵ
֪ովܾ룬˵ʵҵһЩ磬һᳬԽǣǰҪĸ֡
ֱ˵˵ϲĨǵȥ˵ôϻǣ㲻ܵʲôԼֻҪʱ򣬴ɣĹյĸԴ
˼Ҳ˵ֻǺͬ˹ϵǷ¼ϵ
Ʒ˼һƽʵ
Ҫѣ
˵ͷЦ˵
ãͬ⡣
䣬Ʒɾֱӵͷͬˡ
ٶ࿼һ
Щʵ
ˣӣʲôͼĻǾԵסģ˵һ֮УҲҪһЩѣЩֻ֯ΪҲϲܵԼˡ
ƷɵһЦ


272 ᾧ
ЩһҲȽᣬʲôʱһúǺúõĽһ¡
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ЩˣɲЩǵˣȫʵǿ֯ڱȫ֧Ԯչٶʮ־ˣ濰Ǹơ
Ʒüͷһ壬Ȼǵ飬ĸôߣҲЩã
Ҳ֯ȴǿ֯
Ц
Ʒ΢΢һ㶣˹˼ܼ򵥣ϵ߿ɲֻ߶ѣҲ൱Ӵһ֧ұ˵ʵֻǿ
ߵֻڣ൱һɢɳΪʵ̫ǿԷͳһһΪһк֯
ȷҲģϧȻ칦ܣڳŵûа취ڹķ
Ʒ̾˿һ˿ʧ䡣
⵹ǾԵģϾԿеͨģֻûҵѣղŵǸɭһҲͬʱ˷ֲͬ
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΢һ㣬ǱϾֻͬѣҪĻǾʽȻͬˣһĻΣʵ̫ߡ
Ʒε̾ϢһôãЩﻹǺġ
Կô֪أҲҿ԰⣬Ҫоһʱ䣬ദһеİ취ҵĳԿǲеġ
Ц˵
ҲɣҲͦģҾùܵĽһ첻ĵ·
ƷҲ΢΢һЦ
ߣȥȫĵط˿ɲôȥһ滹еĵã˵طٸơ
˵ͷƷ뿪˿
ԼһСʱĹ˾פصǶС
ʱһʱ䣬ƺ֮ǰͲҪĵζˣȺ겻ɢԱ
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Ǿ߶һʱˣȷǱȽΣա
ƷҲȻѾ׼óΪ飬ȻҲ̫飬ǰ˵̽ϴᾧĴһΣȷǱȽΣա
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ƷɴʱϿʮֵƽȴѾǷǰֵ⼸ˣȻѵһĸ֡
Ҫ磬ʱǽʱƽʱڣҪȡʲôĽչɾͺˡ
һЦķֶӵĶԱ˵λƷҵѣʱסһʱ䡣
߻˸кķֶӵĶԱ¥ȥˡ
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벻ҪֵܵȻôǵ߸һֱĵĿԭΪⲻǿСëֶΣû뵽ȻĹЧ
룬Ʒɶʱ̾˵
ͨȻǺ˵Ĳ࣬شĹһ˸ѧģûʲôĻӦֻһˡ
룬Ц˵
ǣطǴеʮϡ٣һ˵ߵҪ󶼱ȽϸߣҲֻſط
Ʒидĵ˵ͷ
ˣǰЩʱڹ㶫ҹȥһڰǹٳֵ飬ҼһЩ飬ͨͲ̸ˣ㶫ȥˡ
һŵӣ˵ֵǹЩᾧ⣬֪ڻһᾧ
ҵȷһ飬ڹ㶫һġ
Ʒɵ˵ͷӿڴͳһСӣ׸ǿᾧҲΪŻᱻЩһﶢϵģǸ
һסǸ޲ӣһ˿죬û뵽ƷɾȻôɴľͰᾧԭΪҪ˵仰ġ
֣Ͳᾧ
ŲӣЦЦʵ
ҪкαطôĹ֮ǰʱ򲻾Ϳǿ𣿡
Ʒûֱӻش𣬶Цŷһ䡣
ʵҪ֣ͲضȦӣֵĵͷ˵Ǹղżˣʵ߳ЩҪһϵĻֵĻᶼС
Цŵ˵ͷû˵ƷѾ׵Ľ˺ʵҲϵĳ飬Դ֮ûʲôĵطϲ˴򽻵
޲ﵹöָ״Сľ壬ϸǰ۲һֻԶĸӦһ£ûôĹ۲
Ŀһ飬ڶǰӦһȷ龧ֻͼ龧Ӧ˵龧ʲŸ׼ȷһ㡣
̺Ȼûа취龧Ტ۵ģǶڵôϡ˵龧̺ѾǱȽϴˡ
ᾧֻ֪֪֪Ϣһ飬ҵ֪ġ
ᾧװ޲󽫴ӻƷɡ
ҲڳȻûһ˲ȻֶΣ
Ʒ۾һʱ˹ʵҲǴôڳȻûһ˷ҲǱ
ǺǣںŹһˣĵظȻǲô׷ҵġ
Ц˵
ţöᾧ֮ǰҵȷõ˼öᾧֻûöѣнʵҲΪǼöᾧԵʡ
Ʒɳ˼һ˵Щᾧ̺һʮصƺκһ߶ܹãܺǵԲǺǺϣȴԻת
ᾧȷǿתա
˵ͷ̺һָ߼Щ˵ҲԳΪμ
ƺᾧ˽⣿
ֺĿʵЩǵһ˵
ȷһЩ˽⣬ҵֽᾧ𵽺ܴİҲǿȥѰһᾧ
ͷһЦ˵


273 ƶб
˵ƷȻǺͬģᾧǺٵģĿǰû˵˭ܴķ֣ɢɢ½ռ֡
֮ǰ㷢Щᾧĵط
˼һƷʵ
ŷ޵һСʱΪ˶һ˵׷շת֮µһɽ﷢ֵġ
Ʒϸһ󻺻˵
ŷޣᾧûǴĻҲŷ޷ֵİɣ
üëһЩֵʵ
ڰµһɽǸô˵ģǲд֤Ŀǰֻȷҵᾧŷ޷ֵġ
Ʒɵ˵ͷ˵
㷢ֵǸطµԶ𣿡
ͻȻûͷûԵһ䡣
룬ôһ˵Ļ뵹̫ԶΪŷЩұǰýֱ߾ĻԶ
ϸ˼һƷ˵
һЩģ뷨ú֤һ֪ǲǷҵۣʱʲôжʱͶϢɣȰ˵
˼ĵһͷ뿪ˡ
յſڵʱ򣬿ڴֻͻȻóһȻҦ˴ĵ绰⻹ǵһô˴绰һ֣˵绰
ͻ֮ˣ
绰սͨǱ߾ʹҦ˷ȴֿѹֵ
ʲôʱ򣿡
һҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڸղţΣհкüζʧˣҳһĵҩһͻ
Ҧ˿ĵĵ˵
ңϾ͵
Ҷ˵绰˵ҽͺտ˳һ̵ȥˡ
Ҧ˵סԼһֵʱͰѳͣһҾưɵſڣ³ֱ˱ϵСֵһ·ٵĴк󣬵һСΧǽ⡣
һչѾͬչһɵĻ׸ߵΧǽϢ䵽Сڣ̧ͷһЩĸ¥ֱһ·ֱӴĸ֧ȥ
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Ҧҹ˽ɣ
ժöǣ˭
Ĵ⣬ڶͻڸýͷҦȻҲٽĸ鷳ɴͱ˿һ书Ҫ㿪еߣȻ׾ٵ顣
ˣ
Ҧ˵ļſڣᰴһ塣
һһֻС־ͷɿİק˽ȥһЦǰһҦˣε˵ҪôҿѾܿеĹŶû֪
ôܿѽ
Ҧ΢΢һЦ
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Ťͷ˱ȸղķһЦ
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ǹһ˿΢Ц͵ĽҦ˱ǽϣԴһ̽ͶסҦ˵ӣС죬˵ͷ̾Ĳһ
ӽȵٴӿң˵·ɵõǣƵľ飬ڵַѾˣһĹҦ˾ͻ̣ȫ˽۵ķۺɫ
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˳ӵĵȥҦ˵С죬һﻺ˹ȥ̾ѹҦѾǵҲ˹
ôˣ
֮ҦֵĿ
ڻУˣŸոս֮ȹ̣ողͱ˴¨ӣҪΪ㾳˻ȥǾּˡ
΢΢һЦһҦ˵촽

Ҧ˵¶һ˿жһˣ¿ס嶯һжΪ룬նжʱһĨӨ
ôˣɵѾͷ
ȥ۽ǻǵ飬Ƕ˵ʧȥһβŻô⻹ûʧȥأôᶼˣ
ᣡ
Ҧ˰һȭᴸһؿڡ
Ц漴ȥɵҦ˵ߣ˻У㷢˵ʱһ£ҪܰѾ繮
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ЩѾ׵֮ĸ֣жʮģֻҪһĶ̾ѹƱҦˣĻﶼ˯úܳ
Ϊֻ֪Ҫڣûʲô˺ǣĻȫĸ塣
ڶһ磬ľʱҦ˻ڳ˯ţҦ˵ĶͷСƿӣ˿֮ȴ˵ӣȻ߽ʼ͡
ϴˣմһ׼ʼʱ򣬿еĵﴫһ󱨵ٽֶʱͣ
ݾյ֤ݣϼҵҪˣ̩α֤ȯðթƭʮѱߡ
һ䲥̴ӳߵ˿Уӻϣڲ̩˱ߵƵ˵ͷϴһӾѺ˾
ĿеĲҲ֪ԭίԭǶ˳һҹ˾ӵһʮִĵӣԭ׼һҹ˾ϻ⣬Ƕȴ̰
ҪӴĶˣ˦ǼҺĹ˾ͼͨǷ;ȥļʽջķĿ
û뵽ڼ󹦸ɵʱǵļƻҲ¶ţ⵽˵ľٱڼ鷽ȫ֮£еļƻع֮ڡ
ţԺ˵Ļ֪ûйϵ˵ͻµ֣˵ĽӦòô׵¶Ŷԡ
ϸϸһһ̣¶һ˿Ц⣬ǿүӵϣǾԲģүѾʹʧһӣҲھһı硣
̩³ûרŵҲ֪вÿһǻĵյĽ϶ͽ̵³
ص˵ӣ߽ʼͣһĹһĵľѾˣҦ֮һһٷʢ͡
Ҧֵ֮˰Сʱ뿪Сʱж׷ҦԶˣȻҲע⵽ĳ֡
߹һ֣ͺֱȥˣǸţҪȥһƲС


274 Ŀ
ôпչˣ
ͷļƣʱͷҲصʵ
칫ʱͨ˽ʱ򣬶ᾭſڵ֪ͨûʲôֱŶˣҲֻһˡ
ƣϵǸû
Ц˽ȥʵ
ʲôѽ
Ƽרעǰļʵ
̩췽ߵǸţǵĹ˾α֤ȯոŲŷŵġ
ߵƵ󣬻˵
Ŷ˵Ǽ°ûôעȥˣǰǺһ㱨˵ѾˣҿŶ
ŤͷһЦһǣعͷȥڵϷʼҵˣ棬Ҵӡ㿴
˵ͷߵһԵĴӡԣżֽʱ濪ʼҵһ˾˹˾ϸڡ
ϸĿһʹҲɵһİоƻۣÿһԵȱݣ㲻һ޵׵Ԩ
ƻĿҪЩ˾ǵĿĸıˣҪҪ˵Ĺ˾÷
Լƻҵ˾յ֤ȫϽ˼ԺһͻֱӼٽҷ˵оЩԭЩ˾ģȻòϣǾֱȫɹˡ
Ż˲żüðƻ˭ģ
A4ֽ߻ƵߣһЦ
ƻҲſһ飬Ǹ˵ķڸŵĹˣȫǿҹع˾֮һġ
תӣЦ
Ǹˣ˭
˻ﲻѰζʱסӵ֣Ȥʵ
û˭׷ҶѣҾܾˡ
һЦͷ촽ӡһ¡
ҿƻõĻۣԵ㶴Ҳʮֵ񣬲һˣɫô˼Ҹܾˣ
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û취ϳɫ˺ܶ࣬ҪΪǶ㣬ҾҪǣæˣǻпչҪ֪ʱ׷ҵˣԴŷһֱŵأ
һСӣƽ˵
ԭôְҵÿһˣȻ˵ͱ˼ҹˣҪ֪˿кܶġ
װһ㷲ӣ˵
һӰݼгҵȥǲӰأ
ĿһƣЦ
Ǳȥˣ̫ɶˣе㲻˼
һЦ
ôҿǸĵĵӰԴװ
Ϸʵʵ
ѽܲҪǳԴоСǳԲ
µػص
ԽԽ컬ˣ
һıӣһЦ
һԸ㣬֪ܷ
Цеʵ
ţԸûʲôġ
ƹ˼һ˵ͷ
Ҫ˼ɶɶأ
¶һĨЦ
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ܵɳӵƷɲ𣬶ʱĴҵķɳײ˿ǽϣ֧һѲ
վԭأͷ΢΢Ʈ˼⣬û˿ƶ·ǹǿĲ˵һ΢ˡ
ǺһģӦÿɲھӷ棬˽װһϾ޴ó
˵ѾûЦݣ۹ҲñޱȣҪֵĻ͹ıʵ̫ǿˣǿǸҺǺ
⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
һЦŷֵʵ
ո㲻˵ˣ㱳ھģҴŵ˻ĵĹٷ벻κεĴ𰸣˵ܺǺ𣿡
˵
ԭԭ̫ˣĸ죬ԼҲһҪ΢һС
ҡͷһЦǰһǵʵȷʵǿԺҲһΪھĵֻڻһѡ
ô˵Ļֻһ΢Сѣ
üͷһ壬۹Щơ
΢С
ͻȻЦ۾ŷ˵ĸ֣Ȼ˵ֻһ΢С
䣬Ĩ䣬һâ𣬷֮Ϣ̴ǵâ̵öķȫһƤ
͵һ˫һϣǰĿȻûκεı仯ȴĸо˴
轣Ŀ£˲ͻΪ⣬ֱӴ˷ˡ
ǾҪӽǰһ׵ĵطȴͻȻһǣƺʲôӲ֮ϣۿȴʲôûС
˼ԭߣ
ͷһת˷˵칦ʲôԭǿƿҲǿܡ
ӭ⣬˲;ۼ˴ǰĿΪһ¼ʵĿǽ
һͨ˴ﾭͻһͷײڿ͸ǽϣиĴ˵ǽֿŵǽڡ
Ըͨʵʵ廯Ѿ˷ḻľ飬ǰƽһƣڵѾ˲л˹˻Ƶƾ
ƮƮһǶ͸ǽϣ̺֮ȴѾ˷˵֮С
ǲԵ޹ʵǽڵģƿʵϵĶߵֻҪƻЩ۵ԷȻҲǲơ
רƼᣬԽǼӲĶԽױƾ˺ʵĿǽһ֮£߽⣬Ȼǰǿһ֪ԷķѾƳˡ
һĽٶ˸ɲǼ˷ȫеҪоͷ·𱻴һ㣬ӵһԡ
ǽݻٵһ̣оһԴʹһûô׵ľͱƽ
Ҳ׿ǽ޵еģǰĶֶñŽ¿ǽݻ٣Ȼֻһƶѣһǿһơ
˵սҲʮֵķḻֻɲ֮飬عͷһ֮䣬ǰĿͻȻͺԤ׵ıը˿
ȻǺܴ󣬵ͻıըҲ˾裬೤Ľǰһס˱ըĲ
Ӯ˶ݵĴϢᣬ˫֣ʳָԴߵ̫ѨϣͻȻ˾ĹâĶסΡ
һʼɻһ﾿ڸʲôĪ׼ĿɱԼ
Цͷֻһ̾˶ԷʲôΪͻȻһ΢ıը
ʮֵ΢һݱ˿һȴһʾ˵ԷѾͼڵ壡
һ֪ԲܱԷóѣⲿķǿиֶָοԵԷ˺ڲʮִġ
ҲǴ⣬ߵȻ׺ܶڷǿȴǲ۲۵㣬һ㼸ûʱ
Ϊһ㣬Żʱ䣬֮оһУڵ壬ڲֱӴݻٶ֡
Եɵ̿ӿתۼڲǿڵÿһٶεı˶ԷܵĲٿء
֮󣬷˵жʱ¶һĨֵɫȻҲӦԷĴڣһʮǿԷ˶˿
ŶԷı飬һЦʮֵ⣬Լһ㣬ǲҲһ㡣
ٴӷϵıͿԿǰ»û˿ԼĸӦ
˵ҲǷӦΪѸݣһһоȻʧȥЧ̾ͱ任һּܣһչͻȻεһ졣
һƬ·ǽĶ󴦿ʼһ֮ھͽֶС
ɢŽ֣һ̣Ȼ𣬶ķһǰĿ͵ΪһεУն˹ȥ
˵һã轣ʱӭնǵεУͻȻԤ׵ķһһ
ȻһնǵУȴһĨɻɫԷУ͸ղڱ͵Ϯʱʩչǵֱǲͬն


283 
ǰոƴʱ򣬺ͷ˶Ի֮ʱͱڱ͵ϮһһҲǿ۳УǱ׵Ļˡ
ոһնȴǴĲ˼飬Ҫ֪Ѿγ轣ĸʵһࡣ
轣ն£ǵоȻܼһ²ѣɼʵĳ̶жˣҪ֪轣ĸͣԭĲʾͲڵ֮ϡ
ĸֿĲϣɸϾ֮ںһγɵϣѾǳ㡣
жϣ˵֮ϣ㲻ܳΪĲϣҲָĴڣܺĶԲࡣ
ǰķһ۳ɵĿоȻֵܹ轣һ룬ܻˣҲǸΪ˲ĳɾ͡
ཻʹһҲܳתԵĸı䣬轣Ӧ޼᲻ݵģ۶Էóʲôֵ
ʵǰԷȷֵ轣ֻǶ̶̵һ벻ʱ䣬Ҳȷȷʵʵĵֵˡ
뵽ղŷǰĸı䣬˼һתĿʱ˷ϵǸĽһĶ
ĹˣȻ԰ʵ˶ࣿ
վֱӣ¶һĨĹ
ѾܾùˣһǸߵʱ򣬿ƾİԽնɱһļߡ
˾֣һЦ
Խնɱ֣ܲ򵥡
Щĵ˵ͷ
ҲֵȼķԼߵʵֻܰ磬Ҳܵߵ׷
Ͼ⣬ʵǵһλģʵİؼʱֻ̣ҪɵóĶǲɶõĺö
Ȼһ˾޴ĴۣŴӺϽģҵźܴİڿʱľǷǳǵġ
ʮĿһ֣͸һ˿
УĪֶóף
ɻʵ
ȻһװģȻΪװȻᱻ׳ۡ
Ȼ˵
ȻһΪװ
Щ棬û뵽칦ֵܳʱ䲻ȻѾ˿ʵװ˵ܵоѾվһĸ߶֮ϡ
ȻͺǹһԼıΪʲô߾ͲԼװأ
΢΢˵ͷܱоһ̶ȣװĵǱȻӽ֮ͻøֹʵ
⻰ǲװĸʵȷǻ١
˼ĵ˵ͷһ˿صĹâǲ֪װĸ£ղĹ㾿ܷأ
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ɫһһЩ仯
㱾ʵȻҲǿҲԷôʵĿУԶݵĵֵҵ轣Ƿǳ˵ġ
ᶶһеһˮĽʱһܹ˲佫ӳ̶ֵȣװѹҲǺܴġ
˾Ŀû˵Ҳû˿ı飬ĻûӰ쵽
һʼõװʱܹӳһûڵĴɣܹ֮ӵΪ㱾ʵѾļߵĳ̶ȡ
٩٩̸ԽǿװѹҲԽ󣬷ҲͲվˣҲӦڵװȴɣ
ⷬڣ˵΢ɲһ˵Ļȴ֮ͬǰһǲԲ֪ˣ
Ҳд⣡
һЦе轣ʱٶȻûһƬĻʵʵڸϢʧӰ٣ȡ֮ˮ⾳
ǵĻΧ˶ʱһִĸо·޴ڵĽ⽫׵ĺ˿
оâһٶǰһƽӣ˲һһţļӳ£ٶһУǰĽĻնȥ
ƽĽĻϣһˮĲʱɢ˳ҲֻǶһ󣬽ĻȻεȴû飬Ǽ˵ȫ˹ȥ
һĻ˵Уȫͬɫ
һȻϵ飬ڷһȸղҪСһЩȷϵǼװûȫĻָ
һ˿ɫû뵽ǰһ㱡ĽĻȻôͣȻĿѾСһЩǾȻûвκεЧҲǳԤϡ
Ҫҵ㽣Ļó汾ûϣġ
һЦ轣Ļ̷ɿ˱˹ȥ
˽ֵڣһֱڷ˵ƺֻѣûʲôֱӵĹ
ʱƺЩ֧ӣоһĵĺתܳ˷䣬֪ȥ
ܿĶҲûȥܶԷڿƵųԤϵʵսʵǺǿҲһףҪץסԷҲǱȽϼ򵥵顣
Ҳ˶ӣȻǷŭ±ŵûô˼ȥܱˣԼСѾ첻ˡ
һ˿ɫȻ˴ȫעֵװ֮Уʱ˴۵ɫâ
֮ĿͻȻȫÿһطĿ˲˸档
֮轣ǲ㽣ĻʧҲûӽĻ˳תٵȥϵǼװҲ˲ˡ
תԣĻ澢ȫ¸ӿգۼĹƻǲһչ׷˹ȥ
֮Ķתһ֮׽һƶĽŲʱѾ¥ݣһڷɿߡ
۾һ飬ûд¥׷ȥ˳絽˾ͷϵĴֱӷ˳ȥ
ǽж˼κһ¥һַ˴ڷ˳֮ǰ˴룬ֹ˼ӵĹ򣬶ӰҲ˷˵
ҪܵĻǾԲᶪ¶ܵģһܷӳʵһʱΧһӵǿսߡ
Ƕϵһһ˻治ǵĶ֣пǵӰӶţڱ˴Ȼֲһˡ
ʵȻǿԳźһ
˻ǰ˵
Ҹı⣬ǻϺҺʸ񣡡
ȴҡͷһЦһĨ⡣


284 б˽
ŷ޿ӵзǳǿܺǽкǿԸṩǳİŷ޷Χڣûǰ첻ɵ顣
˿һۣص˵
ǺǣһʼҲ׼Ǻģ룬ƺиõĺֻܱǸˣѾϱ޳ˣ
һЦе轣һξͻһӰŷ˳˹ȥ
һ˿ɵɫε̾˿һչղǸװʱٶȸ֡
ղǿжװװĸѾ˶ˣٴǿд߶Ļ³пܾװҪ׵ˡ
ڷҲûа취ֵʵ̫ǿûװĸϲʤ㣬ȻҲڿϧװȴȻҪ
ǰεľ飬ֱûƵ澢߶轣ʱһĸղŵǵصζǱ಻Ĳ֮⡣
ŬĿ룬װ˺Ĺʵ̫ܣĵֵֵ֮װڳ⡣
һϸŵ΢ǲֵװ϶ʱһƬϸܵƣЩƾ𽥵˿ɢװı档
轣һǶȵĽڷһеֵ֮ǼװڻһɢڵأһصɫƬ
װһ˲䣬һֱƽɫҲʱ䣬ûװ̣ûкֵ
ɲôķӦʱ䣬ȻѾγ轣ΪҪսپѾ˴ľ;ˣҪ̵ʱڽ⡣
˵͵ȡоɹҪһݣȻɵҪɣ֮ҲԼıȡһĸ
оɹܰȫ޶õõϣôľӶᱻһֻ޵еľá
Щ˶벻ľ磬ֻҪܴﵽǽӽ磬ô֧ӶͻΪһֻ൱µľӡ
ʧȥװķˣǰǺ޻֮۳Ŀи޷ֵ轣ķֻǼеĹ򣬾Ѿסˡ
λ߶Ǿ͸˵ˣͲսߵǰߵʸûС
˴ɳϣһе轣ɢеĿڴ˿һСɵU̾͵С
ǰ̨ĵԣϸĿһUеݣһݴϣŲŴ˸绰½ѾɹɵϢ
ãǵֺܿ͵ˣʱǻᱻֱӴߣ뿪ɣ
½ڵ绰˵һ֮漴ʼԸ˿ʼ׼ѶˣЩǿ϶ύͨģЩҲܿƵǡ
Ҷ˵绰ŷ΢΢һЦռ˵ϵһЩɫƬ󣬾ֱ򿪴ȥˡ
·˼æ߸ϣ磬ʱҪȥ
ˣأ
ϣһ㶣æͣʵ
ѾץסˣھǱߵĴ˹ȥǣǴоҵߵϣûȥϱһ£Ǵһ
ӿڴͳ˷˵ǸỤϣ
ҲҪĹͣôܸأ
ϣæһֱҡͷ
ţֲҪЩҲ˷ѡ
ҡͷһЦϣ֣ǸU˹ȥ
úõİһ£һе£ˡ
ϣͷ΢΢һЦȻٵ뿪˺

ϣ뺰һʲôȴֽʻ˶ôĿ뿪ıӰ
վںУſڵģֻͻȻ˼漴תͷԸķΣѾˡ
õģȥ죡
վһжλУȫȨҲöʲô˼ô˵Ǿô
Щˣһ£ʲôʣֱϳ뿪ˡ
ȴûЩһ뿪һ߽˺У԰һͦεľװͿʵӣټϼһŽɫǣʱ˺öѧĿ⡣
ۣ쿴Ǹ˺˧
һŮС˵һ߲ͣ߼λѣָһ𿴹ȥ
İôô˧
ǣľҲͰȻǴУأ
֪ô
һŮʵ
Ȼ֪ˣҰְǰھ۵ģϵһŽɫǣľǴУľΣϾٽˣ
ۣᰡȻѾɽˣ
ôһ˵һȺСŮʱַ˻գᡢӢʶˣھôõǰ;ֱѡϹѡˡ
΢΢һĽЩȫһ飬ûȥЩǼһĬĬţһĹ򣬾˸ղŵ±ǰ
ӴŴ˽ȥһ۾Ϳվϣ硣
٣ôˣ
˹ȥ΢Цʵ
Ѿץˣо߲󣬶ҪĲš
ϣͷһЦ
ô鲻Ӧоָ𣿡
ֵʵ
ǵģе⣬ʱԻⲿ𡣡
ϣҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ
̫ϧˡ
ЦһְƻĺãǴһԺְʱ򣬶һĳɼȴûˡ
ˣղ˵͵ȡоҲˣץסǵ𣿡
ͻȻʲôʱʵ
ǣǱץסǵģҿûôı£Ǹ˽ȡϽ֮ˡ
ϣæղŵ˵һ顣
ԭǸʶ𣿡
ĵ˵ͷʵ
ʶһִŵģһºѼ񣬳֡
ϣ϶ʱ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ȼĵ˵ͷʶȤûʣߵ˱ץķ˺Ͷǰڵһ̽Ѿ˵ڡ
ⲻ֪һһڵĹ˺öദҪอҲȫأ֮Կûʲô£ΪߣʱͨҪǿܶԸ⡣
ͨ˶ܵʹãڵڽıอĻԣ˿ĳ롣
ǿʹܣȴǵ³Ҳֻ·һˣƵշǳ֪ʲô̶ȿԴﵽʲôĿꡣ
뿪˺ûȥѧУֱȥƵĹ˾ɿ¥֮󣬽һƵU̽ƵС
ʲô
ƷеļUֵʵ
㿴һ۾֪ˡ
Ц˵


285 Ҧ
ʲôôأ
ЦU̲˵ϣȡݡ
ĻʾĴĻѧʽԼʵķϵЦݽ¶صɫȻҲϷǳˡ
ǴŪģ
һϣתתΣʵ
ղźǱȥȡϣȥǱþӵ˳ǼˣҲҸһݡ
˵һô
ǳǶ⼶оɹΪĿ֪Ͷ˶ʽ벻ףôҪоĿȻںоо
ɻ˵˵ּоĿ϶оڽУӵеİҲޱȵǿôҲ׵ıȡ
ҲǵڹʲɣϾҶ룬˭ҲΪּоĿںȻҲͱ֤оİȫ
˼ĵ˵ͷ˵
⵹ҲǣЩô֪ⶫںģǱҪȡĶֻ˳˶ѣ
Ҳͬ뷨
Ǿǳģ֮ǰѾʵĺǿ϶Ѿͨ·֪оĿ׼ȷλãԲŻ˺еԡ
ҡҡͷ
ĿоɹֻǲһʵˣһȷʹãǾͿͶģ
ƿĻϵϣ˷ܵ˵
ҵľʵڶʱ䱩ǵһµĸ߶ȣһҵĺܶƻͰҲͿԿʼʵʩˡ
˵ͷЦһЦ
ţһüŵоԺץʱЩвԣò˶೤ʱ䣬ͻһ۵ģϾĿʵѾˡ
Щ˷ܵ˵˾飬Ҳ֪ģʵ÷ǳǿ󣬶ŷ޵ĵλҲʮġ
Ҫɳŵùѡ»Щ֪ΪҿɲʲôĪ鷳
˵ͷ
İɣŵоԺҵţûоһĿ˺֤ǲ뵽еģҵԭ򡣡
¶һĵЦݡ
ˣʱҲˣǳȥԷɡ
˿ֱղȥתһȦһϵʱôȥˣƿ˿ʱ䣬Ҳ鲻ˣҲ͹˵ԣ뿪˹˾¥
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˴һװķǳ˶ʱתͷһۣ΢΢һЦ
Ȼ֪˭ԷôȻҲʧ˼ͬһЦߵҦ˵ԡ
ôˣˣʲôô˰
ӵĺ󱳣΢Ҧ˶Ц˵
㿴ʲô
ҦһЦϷŵһϸ״ĺɫУһ곤Լ׵֥֥ͬȫ¶ŵƣ·𱻶ıһ
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ᣬһҩĵζ
ţ֥ȴ֥зǳֻ֥ںǧϵĸɽϣ걻󣬲ܵص֥
Ҧ˸˵˵
걻ô˵ҩƽͣǿҵ̲Чҩѵǣ
˵˵ţͻȻһŹ⡣
ҪЩҩԵҩһַϵҩģҲǰ˺þãҵʵҩġ
ҦС죬һı顣
̫ˣЩҩģڿǿʼһˡ
Ҧ˵ԴĻϲ˵һԵϼĶƤɵһû˵˼ôվ
ȵҦ˻˵ĲˣϲŻڵС㣬ү֪Ѿɹͻƾ֮󣬾ǧҵĴᣬҦҵҪһ
ְҪȥ
Ҧ˻ںĿʱôһ˵ʱһˮӭʱ׵Ļˡ
ү˼ȻСѾͻ˾磬ôҲȥʶˣԴСԺŻ档
º͵Ц
ҲŸոսûðЩص书ûأҲһռӣȥ»ҦҶɣ
Ҧ˿˵
ûйϵҦҵ治ҪСһ˿ĻүǶȥģСֻǸŹȥһ𿴿ͿˣһҪġ
ҡͷһЦҦ˵˳ɫ
ˣһΪְҪ׼أԭĻҲȥˣҾͷˣʱҾ͸һȥˡ
ؿڣҦһǹһٵĽӡ
ȻҪȥμǧҵĴᣬôҲȥ¶һְˣȻ˷ôõĻ᣿
һһֱŵͻȻЦô֣Ҷͬһ磬˼ҹУôгأ
ҲŽûðܶ书ʽأ˼ҹУҪ¾ˣǲҪЦ
Ҧ˿Ͷ
ûϵʱ仹жã
Цҡͷҡͷ
ϣʱʲôʱ򡣡
ҦҲ֪ʱ䣬ʱתͷվһԵϡ
ڻһµʱ䡣
ϲ˼ػص
һʱ䣬ȫ㹻ˣһģʱһ㼼
΢΢һЦ
𣿡
Ҧ˶ʱ˵ıסͻȻվϣʱڨڨɿ֡
λСֵᣬƺ书ҲǼΪϢ֮ϷҲֻ΢Ĳһ֪ʦкη
ЦſĿƽˮ˿оκεĵ⡣
ϼЦˣҶԼģڻûаݹʦ
˰ֵ
˲𣬲֪СֵǷҲ׼μǧҵĴ᣿
ʵ
ʱǺʱûʱɣ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
ҲȥɣԸһȥ
ҦͻȻ˷ֺܶأ뿴һ֮УûĶأ
ɵѾͷҾҲڵ޵еĳ̶ȰɲСµĸ֣˵ͻðһҸĸأ
һҦ˵ıӣЦ˵
˵⣬ģⷬϵĶУȴǽȻͬζˣҦҴСУȻѾһ޵ֵˡ
˵Ҧ˵жϳ⣬ǲŵģȻҦʵΪԭޣ۹ȴһ㶼ҦҸǸڶࡣ
ôֻ˵һˣǰˣѾһ̶ȣȻҦ˵Ƿ


286 ̽
ȤĴһϸϸĹ۲һԽǿԽǺ棬ѾǸ书ˡ
ʹľ磬ҲֻģĸӦһֻɬ֮ϢϸӦȥȴһȫƾС
˵书Ѿ˷豹ľ磬˵Ѿ̤磬һȫ֮󣬾ͿԽϢ׵Ҳɢֺ
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˵ͷܿ϶˵ӹó˸ղǸװҩĹڲƿŮǰ


293 ·
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һţֿƱǱĸɵģܲҲĸİɣ
ҰȻģǳĴš
ƱһЦ


294 ҩ
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ʵǳǿ󣬵۵ľ鶼ĹԵϵ书һͺʺϣԼûʲô⣬Ҫָ˵Ļ»Щҳ˸о顣
ЩһĴеĿܻ⣬˷ǳϸµ˵ͽ취ļ壬СʼĻڿⶼǶ꣬Ҳǰ취һ׵ġ
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296 ص
ߵһޣͣӿ˲ͻص˵֮תˮһ㣬ʾ˶ǿ󵽼ĿҲǲضá
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ҡҡͷһЦ
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һ̽޹׼ڣʱͻȻһ䣬۾̶סֱۡ


297 
ע⵽飬ʱɫҲ΢΢һ䣬Ϊ϶Ƿ˲ĵطŻͻȻı仯
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302 Ƴ
˼ˣ˵һƳʧܵĻҲͱ˰ɣ
˻Ŀαϣ˵
ʧܵĻǺԵģλߣҲ˵ڶƳĻɣ
һЦ
ҵĻҲ˵ڶλġ
˵˵ͷҲֻ鷢Լϣ˭Ҳܡ
ȻҲ׼ʼʵʩƻˣҩ֮һῪʼƳԴĽ磬ٴңǾ˵ƳɹˣûԺҲںʲôˡ
˵ͷ׼ȥ˽ҩý
ҩҪʹҩ
ֵĿһۡ
Ȼҩ֯רΪ˶Ը߿ģһľҩûʲô̫ôģԲŻרзһȫµҩ
ת˵
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˳ĬһҪſ˵Щʲôȴֹ
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һ̧ͷ˵ǿɲһʽף
ףʲôף
תŷʵ
ܽ⿪ԴĽ磬ҿԸ֪ܡ
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üͷʱ΢΢һ壬˵˼ףȷҩʳһЩ⣬ǱϾûЧ
ΪʲôҪĻ
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ֻҪƳҵĽ磬ҾѾû·ԭ֯ǿ϶زȥˣһҽʧˣȴҵĿ϶·һ
ֱ˵˵ɹˣҲζնҵ·ǸʱֻǣΪԼһ·
·
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ϣȫ֮ǿԷ뿪ǵ֯ҲǺܷģȻ˵ͬΣգһԸһ档
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ҲУǾô죬ʣµ¾ܲƳԷԴĽˣܹȫ⿪ĻͿԼⲻĻʱҲûҪôˡ
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Уҿͬ⣬ʵҲɲͬͬˣİɣܽ⿪Ǹ磬һȫǡ
û˿ԥ̵ͷͬ
ȻѾݾҲͲ˵ʲôˣھͿʼɣ
˵ͷϵҩ˿һֻͲһСƿĵɫҩ˽ȥע˷˵ڡ
ֻǲһӵʱ䣬˵ѾԵĻɢ˿ͫ׶ࡣ
ȻҲΪڷڵѾסˣҪôɵĿһļߣҩûôǿ
ٵһ˼⣬õ˷͵Ŀ϶𸴺˵ͷ֪ҩѾЧˡ
÷ƽѶϣߵͷλã̽һͷĽ˷˵Բ
Բһֱδ˵֮һʹִôĿƼҲûȫԲİظȻʱǳĳ岢ߵҪ̣Ҳûʲô̫о
˵еΪǼԪӤ֮ϣֻǸѣʧȥҲиְ취ΪԼһ˵ʲô¡
ڵϣȴֲһˣû˳֧ţҲǰ˵Բ񾭱һССĽݻ٣ͷըˣҲа취ָ
ȴС̽ѰԲĽṹѰҵǸڵλãʲôֵ·˱һֲı硣
Ҫǵϵʵ̫ˣ֧һ˿ֻ״̬ϳ֮Ϊ
ֵԴ߶еְ취Իȡһ˵ļ䣬ֻҪһ򵥵ķͿˡ
˶˦Դﷱӵ뷨ʼϸĲٿڷ˵ԲĴߣСıܿЩҪԲ֯Ԫ
İأڴѧʱִѧķ֪䲻Ԫ֮临ӵĻѧöѣ洢Ҫλںĸ
һ·ԲλöɨһߣȻûзĲǸ϶Щط΢ҲķӦ
ϸĻһϵۣٿĽӽ˺洢Ҫмȡʹ洢ΪһС
ոյִ򸽽һ΢Ĳͻĳֻһ͸΢ɲһĶȻչǰһطΧ
̲ٿͣ󻺻ĽӽǴݣʱѾ΢֮УǰĶȫǷ˴ԪԪ֮ͨһ֧ӡ
ǰһƬӵԪһ޴ݰЩݾôĺһΧڵԪ
ҪǷݼˣ
һĿǸݡ


303 İ
ʮεĳУʧܸգƵʹСֻҪһǸݵķΧ̾ͻ־ҵӦһַǳľ
۲ƵʣΪٿһ㣬ǸݾͻֱըѣȻǲ˵ˣԪ϶ᱻݻٵһɶ˵۵Ԫ
ͣ̽ĽŲվһڤ˼롣
ʩչߣȻĿƵһĸ߶ȣµĽǳУĿǰΪֹûһܹƭĸӦ
ȤҲһ˵飬һս뿴Լܲܿƭ硣
Ĵ洢Ԫ֮ĸӻѧӦͨϸ΢΢Ĺ۲죬һҪȡĳ䣬Ծͻͷųһ΢ĵԪ֮Ĵߡ
һ˺ʵԪȡ˶Ӧļ䣬ͻⲿϢأЯļ䴫ݸԣӶʹôԻȡӦֵļ䡣
ڷ˵ĺһλõԪһ޴ݸЩзΧԵһԪӡ
紫ݵķΧһ鶼ûеģһղѾ֤ˣеһҪͻݾҵķӦ
һ㣬ղҲѾʶˣݵľ޴仯ᵼ·Բ쳣ʹҲǸ߸ľ棬ͬʱǸݻὫȥء
һҪǿеĽ紫ôݽͻھ޴ѹֱ飬ͷų̺ƻﵽҪļЧ
ԭѾʮεŪˣµƭĸӦѾڲƻԪǰ£⿪ƻ籾
ϸ˼˺һѶһʱ˹صİ״̬۾͵Ѷϣվͷλãһְֻϣվһ˼š
ͨһĻĹԱҲ֪ڸʲôڱŵλòͣЩԱľȥʲôֻܾǱ߿š
Լȥ˰Сʱ֮ã˼ַͻȻһַУЯǿҵĸӡǣ֣µӡǸǼΪŨҡ
ԷΪ弶ߣԾӡⷽĸӦһǳУѹôϢȴڿͬһʱͱݽ˳
ƺҵķͻȻ˷ô˵ĻֻҪʹóи˵ӡǣôͲᵼ½ĸӦӶƭݽ뵽һֱԪ֮С
ڣûиӡǵֻһ֣ǾԪʼһǾģΪǿ֮Զ۵ľ
ΪĴȷǳߣһʧȥָҲǱȽΪԪһǺ⣬ѾüζԪΪƹ
뵽ƽݵķ̿ʼжͷ΢һϸ΢ԪѾӵ˳Ŀ½˷˵ԲһĹ˺ĸ
һһԪСĽӽݵžĽӽۿҪ˸ղԤķΧˣǰٶȣһһž롣
ãȻ
һҲ¶һ˿ϲõı顣
ȻһݶԪĽӽûʲôӦǾԽ˵һľߺԪǰ
ܿ죬Ԫ͵ݵıԵûֱȥıϣһԪԪ棬ͨԪ֮ӣ뵽ݵķΧ
ݵıϷǳıѾ޷ˣѾ΢磬ֻвٿۼʶİء
Խ˱ϣҲĳһϸϸܵĺ飬ɼղҲǷǳŵģɲ֮ǰĽֻǽӽѣҪ磬пܽͻ˶
Ҫһ˿ҪľαڲԪԼƽˡ
ҪϢĽƽ⣬Ŀǰǲ̫ܵģȻڽһ˽꣬ͨиִССĽƣ߲µĽ磬׻ǲܵͬڽƵĴڡ
ֻҪƽʱһôĺԷ˵ǻԵģʧܵ³ǱҲòκõϢ
˼һûǱһȽϺãȻԪԴıϣô͸ɴһ㣬ԪԪȫ
ĵȼ˵ԪĵȼҪ߹ǰýܣȻ΢￴޴ޱȣʵʵУҲֻǸ΢СĶˡ
ΪˣŻ뵽ԪȥЩԪ˵һѵ飬ԪҲԱ˶Ķ
ϸ˼һƻûʲô©ĵطϵĿʼԪݽڲ˳Ԫ֮ӣԪĸڵԪ
Ϊ˱ڼ䣬Ԫһ֣ķΧݽô󣬽ֻ̣ѾһСʱĹ
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ȫ׼ʼƽǰݽ磬Խ쳣оͬĶٶҲԶˣһ֮Ū˽ԭ
ķʽȻźܴ𣬵˵ҪﵽЧһģȻϵҲ΢ƽƵķͽ⿪ķŹͨĵط
ԪʩչЩнķţʣµ·Ҳֻбƽһ;ˣͬǱƽ⣬Ҳʮ΢
һĴ¥Ҫרҵıƿը¥ʱ򣬻ܿƶΧ˺ķΧѹһСľ롣
ֻһѵըҩȥȻը޴Ҳܽ¥ըˣǱըƬ𶯣϶ᲨܹĵطпӰ쵽İȫ
Ҫľǣǿйݽ磬ͬʱҪʱͷŵСķΧ޷ͷŷȻܽ磬һ㻹ûʲô̫ġ
ʮеϸ̽һĽṹѡеĶʮ߸㣬ʮ߸ͷŵڵݽ硣
ĵɢ˶ʮ߹ɣÿһ˼Ĵ״ͣݽӦı߽ϣֻҪٹһľ룬̾ͻзӦ
Σ״̬˵ѣһʮ߹ͬʱŷ˲ԽǵޣֻһɲǵĹ򣬾׼ȷĴݽĶʮ߸ϡ


304 ƽ
ŷޣﵺһӴׯ԰УһͷЩס࿴ʮ־ˣںһλװ޺鷿˵Ż˿ٵﵺٵｻš
ʱͷЩ׵ͻȻԤ׵ͣ׼˶ʱ΢΢һ㶡
үүôˣ
ķ˼ܣòӢλ˶ʱʵ
ûʲôղͻȻһֵĸоƺʲôʧȥһ㡣
ԹԵɻһŻع΢΢һЦ
үүԤһֱǳ׼ǲǼҪʲôˣ
˶ʱüͷ΢ЩɻĿ˵
׵ϣҪС֣үүˣҲҲ˲ˣʱҲǺġ
˰˰֣ĵ˵
Ȼô˵ˣ׵Ҳٶ˵ʲôȫƿﵺİ˹Уǰλ߾һûһ˸Υλߵ˼
ֻΪһԸ֪˵뷨Ƿǳ׼ȷû˿ǰѣҲû˿ùĵ뷨Ȼֻ֪
׵Ϊ˹ĵϵ̳ˣȻ֪үү˹ܹ֪ĵ뷨Ϊ˹һߣӵо칦ܣһһʵߴ弶ߡ
ܹ弶ߣʹҲٵģҲӵǿʵ˹ܴ찣˹壬Ϊֵǿļ֮һռʥﵺ
ĵ׵϶үү˹ǷǳصģҲϣܹƾԼʵѾǿİ˹ܹһ¥ԽԼүүҲһֱ롣
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ĵ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
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ѿڶ΢΢һ֮󣬲ŷʲô鶼ûзԭϢΪܱϽй¶ȴѾԺ谭˵ˡ
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˵ͷһƨɳϣԼһ
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½üһЩɻĿʵһĶǺܶǰΪȫʢʱڣҲûнӴָʹ÷˵Խʲô˽ˣȻԽ˽Ҳ̸ˡ
һƻ˵ǽ磬ʱõԽ࣬ҲԽ̣ԽѱƣҲͬĵͬʱô㣬ҪĿǷǳ˵ġ
΢һԷܹͬʱ¶ʮ߸㣬ҵĹƣ弶ߵУǸߵʵҲǿǰһ࣬ͨ弶߿»ԶԶȲ
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һڲ裬ͷ˵ˣһˣǸߣôԲǷҲ߲µķ磿
˵Ǹж߰ɣûзôӡ
½һʱûع΢΢һЦ


305 
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ӡľǷϵĸ֣ؿ֮󣬶ʱһ


306 ؼ
ʲô𣿡
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ңƱ书ؼĸǱЩ⺺ҪǿĶˣ񽣵ĴȻ׹ˣɴûؼû˵ڻ˭ŶĽѧ
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˵ͷЦ˵
ۣʲôô󷽰ǴϵѧȻˣ
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ʱһͷĴ󺹡
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ػķؼؼϵЩͼͦ˼ģͼϵ֣һ㶼ȫһĸо
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εһЦƱӹؼʼ
˵ŽѧѾʧ˺ܾˣںû˻ʹ书ˣǸѻ治򵥣Ȼܵõؼ
ƱһҲÿؼ
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ۣһϵĹֲȻܵõؼѧҽҲͦģԺ͸Űѧϰҽɣ
ضʱЦ˵
ô򵥣ҵҽҲôѧģԵҪǷǳߵģⱾҲõʮˣҲû͸Ķô򵥾ѧأ
ҡͷһЦһصĶͷ
ˣȲ˵ˣѶʰһ°ɣôվҲа
ʱվֵ㿴ѡһշкܶģǶסڶ¥棬ҪҲסȥɣ
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Цźһ¥ȥˣ΢΢һ
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εİһۣ߻ɳǰ˵̯Ͽʼôһ˶Щˡ
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˵ǷǳѣֻҪһʱ䣬Żܹźųǽһѧؼ񽣡
ƱҲıϣ˰һǱؼƱʱָؼϵľͼһЩ⣬ֻ΢˼һ̽
֪ʲôʱ򣬼Ҳ¥ˣһ书ؼˣҲûдţֻһС죬ǷһЦ
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һƱĿʵⱾ񽣵ؼ漰˴ĵѰ֮˿֪˵Щʲô
붮ȥ˵ˣûһ񾭲ѾǺܺõ³ˡ
ţǰһЩд鼮ȻЩҲ߶߶ģⱾؼһŷԭЩдĻһЩģȫǺߵĶ
˵ͷ˸˹ȥȻǲ˵ǰǾڵߣԼŮҲ̫ˣڻ˵ʱ򣬵ȵһʵʱȻǵġ
ԭǰҲпһЩ鼮ҲҪЩ߶߶Ķ˵ƭ˵ġ
Ʊ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
鼮Ҳȫƭ˵ģ汾ѾҵˣϿЩ鼮Ϲƣ˵ģǵȷš
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ţʱҰҲô˵ģҾûȥЩˣŵĶҩҲһ뿴Щ鼮ܴܲеõʲô
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ͶҩϾ֮ҪǿʵУЩˣֻñʵͣͲǰ
ҡҡͷؼ˵
ˣͬĸ֣ŸֵʵǱȽǿģϾһֶΣ򶷵ʱʤĻҲһЩŵһЩǿתսֵĹЧأ
Ȼ˼Ʊãŵ˫иġ
תս֣ʲôҩô
ŤͷЦ˵
кܶడĿҪŵĵһˣǰȡΪᡣ
Ʊ¶һ˿ı顣
᣿
ɳϵضʱֱӣƱʵ
ֻ
Цʵ

ذһֿۣƱôôֵ֣һ㲻ʲôڰ֮𣿡
ЩͨİޣҪ͸ֶսЩǷӲʲôõġ
ƱЦҡҡͷᣬ֣֮Ϊʵ̫ǿˣֻҪһ֣ǹ·Ҳֻܴۿ޾ȡ
ô·Ȳˣ
ضʱһࡣ
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һԾŵļʱ˵һ䡣
ô
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ţûǴĻżôģ䰵һԲһ׶ϸϸСС֮꣬ʱʮֻȼ溬־綾Уմ֮޾ȡ
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307 
ûϵⶼǶǰϻˣڼҺҲûʲôڣЩ顣
΢΢һЦοһƱ
ǰǶ汲飬ﲻҪʲôҲġ
Ʊ̷һЦ
ţڹѾʧܾˣʹˣҲû˻ֶİʱȥҲһ죬ЩѧΪİɡ
Ʊ˵ͷ̾Ϣһ
Ҳһ˵δؾͲǰˣҲǻзİأ˵Щˣڵ˵һȰ󣿡
ҡͷһЦʱڽڵǿ϶ҪǰģֻǷչķͬˡ
⵹ҲǣִʹͨҲܷӳ޴һ˵ĻȷִԶԶʤǰˡ
ص˵ͷСʱڲ棬ִ
ˣʱˣҶȥϴϴ׼ϢɣҲһʱԺʱ
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ϵȼŮ˸ԵķĵƱķ䣬ѱס˸ϴĲƱ
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Ʊĵ˵ͷ˫쵽ı󣬽ıţһĹͳ˯ȥˡ
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еĵĴһҿʱĿͻȻסˣԶһŴѼñ滹һ̫Ů˴߽˺󻹸ˡ
էһ;죬ϸһҦ˻˭
һЦóֻͨҦ˵ĵ绰ȻûӣŴīŮ˾ʹӰͳֻ˵绰

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ᰡ㣡˼Ҳ˵Ĩǵ˼ң
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ٺ٣ǲȥĻɰ
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һ£ƷɣҵѣʵǺǿŶǾһȥŰµġ
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308 ޻
ãŮܸʶ㣡
ƷЦ֡
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Ҧ˺зȺƷһֿ֣ôͻȻҪȥţ
ΪƷǱϢˣ֪ǸڰţǲҪȥȻôԵ޹ʵȥأ
һЦҦ§˻Ҧ˾ʹŴñӺ̫һ꣬û˿ϳˡ
ף㲻Ǹ
ʱһֱĬĬ۲Ҧ˵ƷɣͻȻ龪û˵꣬ͱˡ
꣡˵˺ܶġ
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Ʒæ˵ͷְһĴָղϳǰŮ˾ȻҦ˵ʱǴһ
Ҧ˿ǣȫӰӸͬ򣬶һõ˴ҵһϿɣû뵽һƷŮˣȻѾˡ
ֻǿܵĶƷɾ֪˵Ĺϵ϶򵥣а̾˿֪жˣ֪ϢĶҪˡ
ˣǼķɻ
Цʵ
Ͼһŵĺ࣬ӦҲ߰ɣ
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СʱѾվ˰ŵĵؽ磬Ҧ˻Ծ˹ƷȥϾƵꡣ
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ƷɲĿһۣ΢΢һЦûж˵ʲô˼пŲ̋Ǳߵ
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˭ң
Ҳһ㶣ԼûгǧԼﵱȻһôܻ˿أ
ǰʵҲЩͷԣʹӲûͻع֪϶ǰڣڸղץסʱ򣬽
û㣬ǵȶĳ˹˵ɡ
ҡҡͷ˰֣߻ǸǸ˵־վһ·һһ


309 꼰
㿴𣿡
žƱһЦԱߵƷɡ
ˣǸڲ򵥣Ȼ̧֮䣬ͽ˿˰ӣǸɾѸٵĿ£ҾȵǣĶȻðûһķӦ
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ڣ˿ƶ˰ﱾȻԴûʲôӦͺ˵ˣڿ϶һʵӦñȰҪǿࡣ
Ǹڲ򵥣ʵͦǿģǸӦҲʲô򵥵бġ
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ӵʱ䣬ĳ˾͹ˣͷǸղվԶǸŰֺˣλŶĹԱһɫĴźװ
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Ʒɫһ䣬׼Щ˺úһ£΢΢һЦסƷɵı۰ҡҡͷ
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ЩȵĿһۣû뵽ĸ֪ܻͦõģ͸ǽҲܸ֪վſڿء
ƺҲǼѣΪʲôҪһˮأ
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310 ̽
Ϊʲôô˵
ȤĴŰԽԽȤˣϸ侲ǳɴ߱ر֮һ˵ȴѾˡ
ߣҲǸСˣܲʺսʵҲǺǿ󣬵Ȼͨ˱èĹ©ֵģЩĸǰȻǰŪˡ
Ȥ˵ﻹĳһȻԻĵҲ˽⣬ĸţ϶ΪһǮɣڶĳӮһСǮҲûͷĸֳרҵĳ̶ȡ
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311 
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314 
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316 
ڶһ磬ƷɺͰ˾ͳһɻз˶һ˶Ҧ˻ڰƬȻҪȥġ
˸绰֪Ҧ·ƬΣ漴뿪˾Ƶ꣬һʿֱӸ·
ڳϵʱҲеİŵͼʮƽķУϸĿһ飬֪·ǰҪҵֵ֮һ
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317 ֱ
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326 Գ
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ֻƶ˲һ׵ľ룬ͷѾ׷ȥ;ֱײ˿ĺ֮ϣȻһը죬ĺ󱳶ʱƤҲ͵һѪֱֱǰ˳ȥ
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329 µϣ
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ؿڵĽƬϣϵĻϵͻȻʼĿɫڿпʼ֣ı߲ͬڿҮԱ
Ȼͬǿޱȣֱҵϣĳ̶ֳϼǿϣʵ˵ƻΪ׼ȷһЩ
ƻϣĿƣƣΧҲȫǱŵˣĵطǻĵĵؽ磬ƻ˺˭ϣﶼʲôо
ĵϵһ¶Ǹкص뿪󣬸٣ҪǸɭʲôط
ϣͺ˵ʱʹ˴ܵĹֱӽ͵Ķߣ΢΢һ㶺Ųһӣװտ˵۶ԱͳֻٵķһϢ
ɰѾܾûн⿪ˣⱼߵĸоǺܾöûˣϣʵôǿɵƻǺֲܿİ
ŤŤӣϣɭȻһЦȫƤѾʼ΢΢ĺ⣬Ʊߵ״̬ǵһοճ˵ԶӦͽű˲Ŷԡ
˼һǵһμǾƻжǿߣ
һЦͷҲصĶ۶Ա˵ȫ˺󣬲Ҫ
ϣϵ֮ǿʹҲòСӦԣ۵ĶԱȻѾ׵֮Ǳû̫ǿһϣʹǿ޴ǸûʲôЧķֶΡ
Ļ۶ԱȻǲȥģµҲĻѾȫûˣﻹܻڣһ£̼ԱٵĿʼ˳ˡ
ô߰ȻҪ棬Ǿһɣ
ϣһЦЩӣ͸ղǸ侲ݵӼֱˣȻͬһˡ
䣬˫͵ľͷϿնʱĻЩǺ쵽΢ڵĳ̶ȣȻ̺ĻϵѾʮֿµĳ̶ȡ
ϣ˫ǰһָٿŻʱٵϮ˹ȥǿϣĿƷΧЩ򸲸˼ûжЧá
µϣɲЩֻҪܹ־УֻҪĲΧԷе˶ھͿˣЩ˷ѵں
ϣֵһ˲䣬صξ̱˿ûһԵĺڰУ΢춯漴ʧӰ١
˴ΧĹʱһ˵۶Աܣȫ͵ĹĶһǿޱȵľʹϱŷ˳һڶԱ̳Ŀٷ˳ȥ
ֻһȫı׵Ľ˶˻򸲸ǵķΧǿٵĻӶе轣ԭһתɫĽ̾ͽ¸ǵˮйͨ
ߵˣͨٵ轣ﵽˮòĳ̶ȣͬһ㣬ܹס޿ײˮȻҲܹסµĻ
ʾͼΪ̵轣ùעƾ轣ѾֵϣĴƬ
̶̵İӲΧĴƬϵ׵Ĵӣӵ׻ӿ֮ϢЩӶǱЩʱγɵģɼȷ൱ǿ
Ҫƻûд֮ǰǲܺȣǿƵ׵γɴƻǹߣԵѹ
ܲȻͿԵֵҵĹĪǻĴ˵еǼѱɣ
ϣлζ轣һ̾
ٺ٣Ȼ֪˵ǼѱҵԳԽЩʷϵɲ㿴Щ
һЦһͿ˵ӿݵĴ󶴣ѾĵϣǰԸǿСߣǷӽսʡ
ĽǿǶĶ֣ȻĶˣԸЩóսĵˣȻһǵķҵķǱȽģ
ٵĹϣһЦѾ鲼˴ĻϵЩƮĻʵʻЩ̽⣬ٶٿ죬ֻҪӽߣͻᱻ
䣬ͻȻԤ׵ĳһһ漴ͱһ룬ϣܲ͸İݵ֮ͣһ֮Ļʱӿ
ɲǼĻַ򣬳ϣĽû⣬κεķ򶼱鲼ſ¶ȵĻ棬ķΧʮ֮ԭҪܵһɱ˵Ϯһ٣ǧһ֮˻ķΧ
ٺ٣ҶԸЩóսĸļܣҪңȵܹܵסĿֻܵľˣҿɵ㣬״̬µңǷǳģ
żæϣܵĻ棬ҡҡͷ˵
ʱҲϣڵĹŹҲˣ˵ʹüܣϣĿǰļߵʵ˵Ҫξͻڵ
ڵϣȴӵ޾һ㣬ģǷΧļܣǰĻ꣬Ǻ磬һ
ϸĸӦһΧֿеʮֵϡϣ϶ȡев䡣
ǰϣһ˿ɻɫ


330 Ǳ
ϣΧȻӿǿĻϵЩǿдڵģǴϣɢģ仰˵ϣӿİڲģȡ
˼ˣյ˵ֻļߵϣڲܻӵǿһڵߺͽڵ֮Ĳһ㣬蹵޷ƽġ
û㹻Ϊ;֧ţڴ˰Ψһ³Ǳûеڶ·ߡ
ϣȴĴ֪ɢȷ޾ƣ·ѾһͨĻϵǸͨԴԴϵĴ͹
㲻ĻҿҪˣ
ɫصϣһЦɲ׵ʱ䣬˫һϣ̱֮ŷһĻʱĻдĻĴҽ
̳֮һƬɫƶһĶһƣŻƵıϸС濪ʼƶƮ
ЩϸСĻ²ã񱩵ļʸʼӻ˳ǵ൱Ĺ㷺Ȼ˷˴ͬʱЩΧ޴ĻҲܵĿռѹ˼¡
ֻߵϣûɥʧǣͨƽʱ˼״ε޶ȵķʵķΧõķʽ
ڱʮֵĳ棬Ĺ磬ʹּ˲Ŀ⣬µ״ֱ̬ǺõĲٺˡ
ټϽֻһˣͱ˹ȥڻĵһԣֻԼϣǺ޹˼ɣԼⶼǵˣܷȥͺˡ
㵽ΧĻܸǣĿռ伫޵ѹһʼĻȣ̶ܼȸҪԶԶĳ
ؼĵطȥע轣ͿԵֵҲ֧ôʱ䣬Ȼǳǿʼջм޵ġ
ҿϣһɵӣƺάڵĻһɲ飬õȥȻӮ𽥵ϣб
һ߲ϵĶܼµĻһԺĿʼת˼Ƴǰľ档
Ȼİ취һ֮ϣƵĻȻǷΧܹ㣬ǿƵľȴм޵ģܵʮ⣬ܿƻƸܵʮ⡣
ĻôҲδ̫ˣȫ顣
ȴܾһ֮Ҫ취ϣֱ£Σյһ뿪Ժ󻹲֪ڻͱʲô¨ӣǸʱץѾ̫ˡ
·֪ʲôϣ·ȫ뿪ӣôϾվԭأ˫ֻǰϷˣһĿһ߲ͣķɿƶһ߽ĸµܼ
ͱŶôãȻԹֵϢ˽ıȽҪȻǹƳˣȫһ˹Ǹ൱˵
ҲΪʲôʱЩǴĲ֮ʱϸҹͣЪܾ֮ǸԭˣûеǸ޵ľ磬Ȼ޷֧ôʱ䡣
ڵϣƾ֮ĽϿ壬һƽ׼ӦĿǰ״Ѱ취Ǵһʱ䶼ûа취Ƴ
ϵ䣬˼Ÿֿԣ߱ϣȫźƤסˣ쳣ͷ·ϣѾѪֱ֮ӻζһ㡣
УûмؼĸʵʱܻγˣȻΪټ˾ۼִ
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ôϢĹȥˣͨȻǲ֪ʵ飬Ϊɱ֮Ϣŭ뿪ˣȴ֪һߡ
ΪʱĶ֮һȻǲһֶߴɱ䣬Եʱһͬĸֿʼ׷ɱ顣
һ췭ظĴս֮ǲòϣȻ鲻Ƕ˵Ķ֣ǷķѾ˵Ƿ켫ľ磬űԴ츳֮ԸϽķ
ץĽ˫˺ͽ⣬鲻ڳֶԸߣҲΪѷ飬ҴӴల£ǰôһʹ
գλʵǿ֮ķ飬Żûг׻ε뿪ˣʧ֪ȥƬ򣬶˵ⶼν飬ֻҪɱߣ˰ȥĶԡ
ԺĻطһ飬һʱЩ겻ѣͻȻ䣬һͷ͵ĻԺλʹùһУױĿЧ
һȻûмȴӱ˵ʱһǱһɽڵĸָƽģʮֵֲͨͬ׵֮лײĦϵıµ׵֮
׵֮ѭվ˽ױĿ
뵽һ㣬뵽˵ϵĺͨͷԭڵӴһŲԭӵԴݻٷԲʮж侪ˣ
ֶʱڱķʽΪѱ䣬һʼܱƣֻǺѧǷ˿ɿغѱ䣬Իͷų޴Ǿ˺˵վĳ֡
ǰϣһԱȣڵϣһСĵĺ˵վڲϵķſɿصѱ䷴Ӧȶͷų޴ȻϣĿƷΧȴ
Ҳ˼ԽһǳпܣϣڲǷĺѱ䷴ӦԿ϶ͺѱ϶޼ʽӦԭ
ʽӦҪһȶԣҪֹʽӦһжϹǴȶķӦ̣ϣ˵ҪԸķȻֻʣ˵ڶ֡
˾оһ̺ԥϣգۼ˵ϣǰ


331 һʤ
ٶ͵Ϯϣ¶һ˿΢Ц·ڳЦĲٿصĻϵɲ֮ǰͨӵмߵ¶Ⱥƻ
Ļղŵһ緢ʱҲ˱ˣȫƾӲΪ˻̺ǿڲ˽ϸ£һӦǸϽ
˽ֵڣҲӲϣĻ棬ҲһЩ˽⣬޷˺е轣һѾǷǳĿ϶ˡ
ƾű鲼ӦȻĶϣܹڵķλոо߸ȫ̱һǿ֮Ļ档
ͬǰһŰĻϯзΧĿռ䣬ȫλĸʮڵĵطһͻȻֵĻӣϣ˿档
ӭĻ棬һ࣬ҽ͵Ĳһµ棬շǰȥڿӻƽеļת񱩵ĽҲͬһʱȫӿ
ԭҵĻУʱһת״壬Żӭȥһӵʱ䣬Ѿ忪ǿĻ
ϣжʱ󾪣ûϵȻԳ忪ĻǰȻһʱûʲôЧֶ
Ȼǲ˷ѵõĻᣬһڿ񱩵תԣƮƮһƣѾʹ˻ƣͬѵˮһӡϣؿڣ֮ľʱ͸ض롣
һУϣȫĻͣûκεףô֮ȻֹͣƤ·ĺ⿪ʼǿ
֮ǰƤ͸ĺֻԼԼĿͷ·һյʵĵƹⱻסĸоǷ·ĵһ㣬ϣϰǿҵĹâ϶ʼ͸˹ߡ
Ѻ۹ĳϣϰǿҵĺЩ϶͸¶˳׳̵ĹߣʱƣЩ߻ڽǿ
һжʱһ⣬·˶ʱɿ˿·ػԲѵĿ֮ʱĽżһ̽˸첲档
ĸԶǣҲ˲ˣϣǳΣգʱпԱڵǿһըĻǿʹҲûܹס
죡Զ
۶ԱǰĴ
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ղһƣĻƾȥϣڵʽӦڵϣǵ͵ܵ˷ɵӣҿӣϣ϶ûа취ֹɵļֻôĵȴĽ١
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վԭصϣĿԶǵĿʹôԶҲܹԷӣղ˳ʱ׼׷ȥģȴεķ֣ڵѾĿˡ
ܣⲻܣֻһƣôƵڵ
ŷɫϣԲܽµֱ˾Ϸˣ˰֮󣬾Ȼ׵ĽˣҲܲ
ʵĲпᣬԸԸܣǲһԽԽʣϣڳ׵ʧȥǣȫǷޱȵɫޱԵдŻ֡

зһʹĺϣһ˿Ŭ͵ڵͼޣȻܻȥôͷĻɣ
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ܲĺ⽥Ľͣϣ·ȴҽһ㣬ȻȣȴپвԣһԺĸӦΪϣڵѾȵĽȥ
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ԭղһ֣ôô͸ϻˣӦڰǸǲŶԡ
Ʒɵ˵ͷոջôôͻˣԭǼ£ɭǰ˵ʵҲϴ׷ҵ棬м൱ѲģټʵҲǳǿöԸ
û£ѾǱˡ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
ʲôʱ£
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332 ٻ
Ȼ֪ʵǿôѾ˶ԷߣٶȻƷЩȣϴǺǰߴԷʵȻǷǳġ
ڸղţǱһ˱׷ٵˣ͸˹ȥ˳ץˣһͶʰˡ
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Ʒɺʵ
ϴ׷ɱĻϣһ޿ǣһǱȽأʵǺǿǹевҲǷǳĴ󣬱һ˳Žˡ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
ʹǹеߣĪǿ򲻳ɣ
Ʒüͷһ壬ϸ˼һͻȻȵĽһ
ȷǽпʶ
ֵĿƷһۣΪʲôôĳԾ
Ҫʹˣû뵽Ȼʹ죡
ƷһЦʮ͵Ŀ˵
ôɣ
ʵ
ֹҪĸ˵в󣬵ţܲǿֻĤǿӵ˶̬Ӿ׽ֲǳͨǹеʹá
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һܹģϾִİս뾶൱֮㣬ӵдķľѻǹĹΧﵽ˿µ幫ңĿǰλû˵ĸ߿Դﵽ˴ĹΧ
һӢԱô˻ģ֪Ϣһʹļףɳִ
Ǹϣǣ˵ʵҲǷǳǿиŵ㣬ǵĴʹԶŷޣҲжţûǴĻ˵ĸˣһӦǽкصˡ
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Ʒɾ֮̾˵ȫһŵӡ
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ȻĵĹ˵սϵоΪ͸Ϊǵȷķ򣬿ԸǵкĴ䣬֣Ը棬˵ʲôǳ͹ķ档
򵥵˵Ҳǹֵ⣬ûʲôԵ㣬һڸ˵ʵȻռƣŶӺȴûʲôôϳһŶӡ
ǰСֶӾһܺõӣÿһ˶磬ȴΪķչƽûԵȱ㣬ҲûԵŵ㣬ʮ˱˾ѹ˵ı
ҲûôʱҴӱ͵ϮһʼͷϵǸŴǹвǱȽϴģǸҲûʲô鷳ģƤһ㣬ȽʹѣЩ鷳ķǸô۵ϣ
΢΢ҡͷһЦղս򵥵˵һ
ϣһ𣿡
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ֶԾ֮䣬ỨѾ޴ȥʵ飬Ҫÿһõ˵ϣСĴȥˣһֵľ硣
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Խһ
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333 ֱѨ
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ⶰǶĻʱĶҲûа취Ϊʵ̫Զˣǵ˸ſܸͨտƣⶰĵǽ磬͸˶һᣬһԶңصĻᡣ
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˵һ䣬ͷǱ˽ȥʹ̽ͷҲôģֻСı˷־ˡ
Ʒɾȵĸ󣬸ղ绰ݣһȻҲˣû뵽߾Ȼôĸ֣֪׵Ŀǰⶰ̽ͷҲһַǳ˲õ
Ǳ˱ڲѭŵƹ⣬˺׾ҵ˵ĵطǸҪӽ·ͻȻһʹ˻һ˷˻𣬴ƺͬһ˷ġ
أȥʰһ£Щһһ쵽Ľл
ڷɭﴫ˻ʱغ
ɭ䣬ԶһӰ˷䣬ɿĵ¥ϣеһȷź󣬷߳һӢ˧ˣǲǰͶ˴һĵ˹Ǹѧߡ
˹ڣЩֿʼˣһȥɣɭƺҲЩˡ
Ц˵۾ʾһ¥ɭķ
٣ƢǲСҺ棬ǵһμôˡ
˹˸΢΢˵ͷðɣȥɣ֪Щһﵽôˣ䷽оģӦûʲôŶԡ
룬˹ڡ
΢΢һЦǰ·ȥ
Ȼһߣʵͨǿ˲֪٣Ƕڵ˹ǱȽ𾴵ģǶȽЩѧߣ֪ʶͬҲһǿ
˳ת¥µ˵ҵʱƷɲһԣ˵Ӷʱжʱ΢΢һ㶣˹ʮֵϤһ˼Ѿ
Ȼ
߶һ䣬üͷ΢΢
˭
ƷСһ䡣
Ǹɫˣ˹ǰõĶоһ԰ӦҲǰ֮һǵĵ飬ӦһоˣǴ͵Ҳⷽйء
΢һ
ô˵ǴεİӦѾƻ˰ɣ
Ʒɵ˵ͷ
Ҫ߶ץ˻ȥһз˵ˣϾȻװ
Ҳ΢΢ͷ
װ
Ʒɵ۾ʱȵĵɴˣΪһߣȻĸֵķÿһ߶Ķ˵ϸװ򵥵ҲûС
Ǽװںҽֵʱʹù֮󳹵׵ˣҴһƬȥоҲоʲô
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ҵڻûװأôǲǺʹһ
ƷȲСʵ
ţʲôţ
ֵĿƷһۡ
ǿԼǿʹߵʵ
ƷȻ˵
ǺܷϣʹǼװ󣬿ˮƽֱܶݵĵֵҵĽ൱׵ģװʹҲźܴľԡ
˵ͷ˵
ʲôԣ
Ʒ׷ʵװһֱǵ;˵ûʲôȷеϢȻʶװȻϢ׼ȷһЩ
Ҳ̫ʱ˵ģ׼ʹҲҪ˵ģ׼ȷ˵װͨõģԵģʹõĴҲƣʱڲʹ̫Ρ
΢΢ҡҡͷҲ֪Ĳ̫ࡣ
ԭǸ˾Ϊʱڶ̫ΣԲǼװ
ƷɻȻĵ˵ͷһʼΪǼװԭΪʹùٵġ
ȷ
΢΢һЦ
ǸҲ򵥣Ȼܸ㵽װĺö
ƷЩĽ˵
Ǹ˵ıȷѾȫˣὫ֪鶼ʵʵĸǡ
Ц˵
ôܣߣôͺ̹Ϻƭ˶֪
Ʒɶʱüͷ΢ҡҡͷ
İɣǲƭǵģΪ⿪Դﱻµľ磬Ѿ׵ˡ
¶һĵЦݡ
ʲôȻ⿪˾磿
Ʒɵ۾ֵɵԲģѾǲ֪ڼֱˣʵʵ̫Ԥ֮⣬ھȻ綼Ƴˡ
Ҳ֪磿
ûֱӻش𣬶ǺĿһƷʵ
Ȼ֪ˣΪҵԴҲ磡
ƷЩ˵ĽץסֱۣӶЩ΢΢
ԴҲо磿
ʱüƷɣƷԼľٶǿ⣬˭ϱһﶼܵģھȻ֪˿ԽȻƲסĵļˣƷĸҲ⡣
ҵԴȷһ磬ǻȥ˵ȻԽ磬ҵ鷳ְһˡ
˿Ʒƽһɿ˽ұ۵֡
ûʲô⣬к֣ܶ⿪˷ԴĽ磬ҲðһյģԴĽ磬Ҳ˵оԵİտԽ
˵ͷ˵
ûϵʱ鷳ȰҿĲеĻҲֻİ취ˡ
Ʒǵ
ҲУȰǰˣԴľ磬ǻȥ˵
˲ֱӵ˸ղŵ˹ȥ¥ݿڣǵҵڣƷҲ󣬷ɿĵߡ
վ¥ݿڵʱһʹ˻ʱִ·˳΢΢һ䣬̷ɿ˳¥ȥˡ


334 ͻı仯
ĵڣϵĴʹ˻Ʒ˳ת¥ݷɿĵ·ҶѾװˣһ޴ʽ
ǰ붼ʮ֮࣬󷽹䴦֪жٷ䣬󲿷ֵķڶʱûʹãʱһ˻˹
ں棡
΢΢һ̷ֱԴ˳Źȥ˺󷽣û߶ԶͼһѾˣȻղĵ˹档
Ʒɸĺ棬ϢĿǼ˵ʲô£ǵʵϾҲҪɭȸҪ໨˼ҪȴԶԼ˺ܶࡣ
͸˿澪˵һĻ
ʮŮִǽ˩һ඼ǳĵſˮﲻʱķʹĺк˻
˵۾ڲͣϷ¶˴۰ףͫƺǱǿעʲôҩʹĵֵڵҩԡ
˹ǰһƺ뿴ЩŮһкͻȻһ˶ǣŴִ˻һ졣
ͻıʲûŵ˹ȻѾǵһμôļǰߣ˿ҪӴʱһӰӷɿԽ˵˹һžͽǸк˿
һ죬˳кԱԭķʽ˻ȥݺݵײǽϣˤڵ֮̾ͱʵ࣬Ȼɻںߺ󣬵ȴû֮ǰô嶯ˡ
ҪѵΣǲŻѧ԰
˹һЦߵ˸ղŵǸкǰýżǸк°ͣζĴһ֮漴ߵ⼸ЩŮһ顣
ûʲô̫⣬ֻҩˣǵʶЩƫԿЩʹˣʱȥͺˡ
֣˹ӿڴͳһ΢͵ĲǣÿŮ϶һ£ƺڳȡǵѪҺ
ʱת¥ͻȻִһĽŲƺĻֹһ˵ӣƷʹһɫ㵽һԵĴš
һĹ˾ɭͬ£ͨһͷĿٵ˹ɭߵˣȻͨ·һǾ˵ӡ
Ӿ뿪ˣ϶¾ӵӡһһ޲ǺͨźܴĲ࣬ϰߺܶһ޷Ĺǰ˾
辸Уǵ˹ʵĵطKS-5ҩѾĲУֻҪһͨˣźܴܿӦǾʹá
ɭһǰ·һ΢Ц˵
ʵǷʱ򣬸ղŻڵϣǱ߻᲻ʲô飬׼ͺشȥӪһ辸ȴͻȻãòͣ˴㣬д辸һҩЧ
辸ΪʵȨɭϹϵҲǴɺϣм仹Ҫ˵˹ǣߴţ˲лʶһʵȨɭȻǺԸ⽻ġ
ϾϵڣԺɭĽ֮·ҲҪߺܹܶ࣬ʵҵȨ󣬱һζſմʵʱ鱨
ҪĶ⣬ؼҩòãϾݾҪʼˣʣµʱ䲻࣬ζҪεͷϣ˹ڵҩʧ
辸һװĸӣͷø߳һأ·˶ŵη֮ʱɱڵˣȻһǳǿֻһ;ЩϤӡ
˺һûпԿ϶ǣûչ棬ĳط϶˵ϢƬȻϤС
ԼֱûлɹֱǺ޸ݵĲ룬Ǳʶŷĵʯ뷨ݾǴļ䡣
ͨȻһ˵ǶЩ˵ĶҪǲܵ飬ֻԺļʵ̫ˣʱҪҵӦļ䣬Ҳһ׵顣
ȻһԪӤ֮ͻ᳹׵ĽԪӤΪʵʻĴڣȡκμ䶼ֻ˲Ĺ򣬸û˼ȥ롣
ڵȻһģڤ˼һûʲôӡ󣬲ղɭ˵ǸǼסˣзǳ辸Уĸ֡
Ƕ⸽ϹĴУȻǶĿˣͳֻϢ˶ȥһ鶫ûˡ
ңعһϢ֤ʵ˶ȷһ辸ĴУͼƬҲԿղŵͬһˡ
ڸϸϢʾ̫ȥ飬Ϊӵķûֹ֪ǲʲôıʩڣͺоһôóȻֺ׾ͻᱩ¶ڵλá
ϾʵҲǷǳǿģΪĹٷ֮һʹǱźǱҲǲһģϾŵޣӳ궼гϵ۾ˡ
ȫͬĸԶŻûͨһЩǻȡһЩϢЩϢҲֻϡ
ʲôô
ֻһһµϢ˹϶һͼƬʱȵĵɴ˫ۣЩŵĿֻĻ
ôһޱȵӣһԵƷɶʱҲĴ˹ĻһŮӵƬƷɿЩ죬֪һŮֻǲֶ֪ѡ
ֻĻʾƬڶѧӣƬϵرҪᣬƺǸոϴѧӣ·ɬվһºߵ΢Цš
Ϣʾ辸һãΪأͶڶѧĿǰڹ˶ʿѧλ
Ȼصĸ磡
ҡҡͷһֱûʹؼ֪Һļﶼоıܺ׳θһүү֪ھԲȥ
û뵽ǰ辸Ȼĸ磬ΪľʵȨĴУ辸˽Ӵ̸۵ʲôȾͻᱻȥ¡
ĳ̶ֳ˵ѾǵͬѹˣΪĹٷǲκνӴģ˾ı⣬κ˽½Ӵ֮Ҫܵ顣
ҴӸղ˵辸ƺҪĹ˹оҩ׼μϾж׼жһٰεͷ
˵ҩ
󣬿ǰһŵŮ辸üͷʱҲһ˿á


335 
辸ǰʮִŮһбſˮŰۣڽߺķʹĵͺ
ĵľҩ󶼱⸱ӣϾΪвμӹЦҪǴȥˣԺ辸ҲͲھˡ
νǿҩKS-5ǰ˱⸱ӣ
תɭ͵˹辸ʵ
˹ڣ辸Уһ°ɡ
ɭ΢΢һЦ˵˹˵
辸УģKS-5ҩKSϵеͺţҩЧǸã涼˳õʵ飬Ѿ֤ûʲôˡ
˹Ц˵
辸Ŀŵ˹ûп˵֪˹϶Ҫ˵͵ƾǰЩˣ˵KS-5һֳɹҩ϶ǰ˶ɵӡ
ҩЧȽǿЧʱ϶̣Щŵ㣬ȶԣȱԵЩ΢ˣֻǷЧʱȽʹѡ
˹Цʹͨ˵ЩܣǰЩʵƷԲŻ辸УӣְҵʹõĻ϶ܿͿȥġ
ҩЧʱжã
ǰŮǣ辸û˿Ĳһ֮żʵ
Ҫ忴ʶǾѵľˣʷǳǿĻֻҪҵʱ䣬ҩеЧͻ᳹׵ķӳ
˹һһŵʱ䡣
ЩѾҩˣ
辸ʵ
Ѿ˾ʱ䣬ҩЧŷ˰ٷ֮ʮңѾܴǿǵʺͷӦ񾭵ȸĻܡ
˹ͳһ΢͵ԣһ֮˵ϸнͳƣΪһоԵѧߣǱеĺϰߡ
ٷ֮ʮЧΪͨ˰ɣܹϸѵľˣЧж٣
辸ûôױƣֱʵ˹ؼڡ
ֲӵľΪȫЧӺӦÿǿٷ֮ʮʮ֮䣬ıΪǱʸѾǿˡ
˹һ΢͵Եݵ辸Уʾ˸ֲͬʵʹҩ֮ܵӰ죬Լʵ
ֱĻԣɲԣĽǡ
辸ϸĲ鿴һ΢͵Ի˹֮󣬺ɭ뿪¥ȥˡ
ٺ٣뿴ʵǿľ˳սϣǽһôΰ׳۵ĳ棬֪зҩ˵ҵĵλõߣ
΢͵ϵϢ˹תͷ˿ǽǵЩʵƷ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Щ֪ǵ˹зЩҩһԽڿַĴ£ڣЩҩ䷽
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ʱɲʲôңҶͬģЩСҾ˰ɣֻǿӵǿľӣ
˹¶һ˿Цݡ
ǰĶԻһԵƷ˸һ
ЩԾҩôЧɭôõ˹ͻĵľһжϣּǿԷʵ飬ôôã
Ʒɻʵ
㿴ĺ͸ȷйҩЧҲɣЩãһûк辸˵ЩÿܻΪصĺ
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Ʒɶʱ˹
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ֻǶ˶ѣ
Ʒɵüͷ
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ҡҡͷŵ˹ڵǸ˵
Ȱ˽ˣǸҩ䷽õ֣ôһ£ҲˣɭҲܲҲͶŹˡ
һ˼Ʒ
ҲãȰ°ɣһ㣬ҪĲˡ
ͷͬϢȰĳ͵˹Ʒһֵͽ޷ĵ˹˹ȥ
ͻȻˣķӦʮֵѸݣ̱˿ͬʱڵ̴߶̳һȦƺҪʲôһ
ĶȻҪ죬һĨһ˲ֳϾһ̣һӵĹǵѾ²䡣
׼ܵͻȻڵȻ޷ˣôŬͳԶУϲŴһʹһˤ˵ϣʧȥ˿ƺ󷭹˺üȦͣ
ûȥǱߵս֣Ʒ֪϶Ķ֣ϣǶСɫˡ
ӻԵĵ˹ϣƷͳ˸ղŵǸ΢͵ԣ󽻵С
һ漰˴ݺͲҲǿĺܶ׼ȥŷǱߵʵҲ鿴һʲô⡣
˭
ڵصѵ̧ͷվƷʵ
ղ˲֣һھҪͬʱֽͽŽڵ˿Ķֻôɵڵء
ҾǵĳɭҪҵˣˣǲӦúܸ𣿡
Ǹ΢͵ԣعͷڵصһЦ
㣡㣡
һʼıӰûϳȵתͷʱһ۾˳ϾΪôйôʲôӶ֪Ѿ̽ˡ
żܿͻĶһž۵ģЩѾҵܿͻֵˡ
Цߵߣ̧ż⣬һžĲ漴ͻ˹ȥȰɣȥɭǰٹ
Щô죿
ƷɿЩŵŮǣüͷ΢΢
һɣˣ˹ġ
΢΢̾˿Ҳûʲôð취ЩӶѾעҩʲô仯Ҳֻܵʱ֪ͨŵ˹ƺˡ
ȵȥ֮辸һѾ뿪ˣɭҲѾװ׼ȥӪϣһˣʱǻ֪ѾսѾǵļſڡ


336 춯
ӵ߳ûϢһľڣ׾ͱָӦ׼ɭͻȻһ٣ͣ
ôˣ٣
ֵĻعվŲɭɻʵϣΣղѾ辸һٲȥĻ¾ˣ
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ضʱһæ˳ɭ߿˹ȥȵľͷӰĳ֣Ʒɶˡ
Ӧǵһμɣ
ɭƽĿųֵû˿Ĳƺʧϣ˺ûκιϵһ㡣
ȷǵһμ档
ǰһ˿⡣
ԽԽˣڲʧ˿Үߣ˿Ǻϣϣ֪ζʲô𣿡
Ŀɭκθ˵
Ҳ֪ζʲôֻ֪ٲֹͣľٶʧĸ֣ԶԶֹô
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
ֻһ䣬ϣǲѾˣ
ɭͬҡҡͷֱ˵ʵ
ϣȷѾˡ
ûκεĳɣֱӳ
̫ˣһж̫ˡ
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ΪʲôֱϣǲˣʿûеĵΪ֪ǲĶ֣ǿ϶صġ
ʲô̫ˣ
üͷһơ
ϣˣ֮䣬Ѿǲݵ³ˡ
ɭƽ˵
Ǻǣѵ֮ǰǻкͽĿ𣿡
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ȻҪ㣬ΪҪĻֺαشµĽ᣿Ҫ֪ɱһ˵ķ֣˵Щ⡣
ɭ˵ͷ
һû֮ʲôĿԡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʵǿڻĹҲǷǳѵõĸ֣ϱʮֵᣬǶδǿأо򲻵ֻܷоͬʱ漰ȫصʽ
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û뵽ԭ黹һôģҴˣǵ˼
ɭûʵĽͣʱһЦԿ϶汻ɺƵϣȴһܵ
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ɭҡҡͷȻת˻⡣
˹Ѿ䵽ҵϣַǷоΣҩˣҪԿƣ򻹲֪оʲô߰ĶΣ硣
˵ͷ֮ûϢûдЩ顣
ô辸أǸղǲѾˣ
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ɭƽҡҡͷͷҲصĶһԸߵ˵ͷͳһ΢͵ԣٵĲһ˿ڴ
һССĶ֪ɭ˸ЩʲôȴѾ˷츲صı仯
Уˣ
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ʲôôСֵģǸ߹ǣκʱҪ̩ɽǰ治ɫ𣿡
̧ͷƽĿž˵
ǲ˵飬ղϴһƵǹ辸У˽ԹҩǿӵսƵ֪Ǵʲôطģʵ֤ˣαġ
ٵİ齻һ
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Եȣһ£ѾʼĿˡ
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辸һô뵽ȥЩ
ĿƵüͷǣ˾ӣѾ辸һ˵ˣһãľľ档
辸ȻǸУڲҲҪʲô£ѵĸɣǿǶнʵȨһ򵥵
û취ˣֻ֪ͨнԭԭĸԼˣˣ֪ͨȥе羫Ӣ̿ʼƵִ֮ǰӰСΧ֮ڡ
һҡҡͷҲûʲô취ֻ֣ܿôԼļˡ
ǣ
һת˳ȥ
ȵ뿪ϵĵ绰ͨнĺ룬Ǳߴȴæû˽
ҲѾ֪ˣˣϾ˼ҵļ£һǲҪκϵĺã辸รɣ
΢΢ҡҡͷط˵绰
ڶм֮ǵõʶ֮һ辸Ҳ֮һ֮£辸ʵҪǿһЩΪ辸ĸʵȨнɡ
ڲʲô辸ǱҪһ㣬ƾԼôЩŬҲǲ辸̫ԶҲõһλʵȨн֧֡
ڲľѾ֪ϲ㲢ûи̫࣬ԵľǹģϣģľĵľӲһıǿս
լҡ
ô飿
һʮŭžһӵҴլﶸȻ䴫˳
׳Ҳ֪ΪʲôƵͻȻͳϣڵķӦǳңٲƵĻ̬ӵء
һվߵߣٵĵ˵
Ƶʵȷ𣿡
ɺһʵ
Ѿרҵļûκαĳɷ֡
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˶ˣϿƵиҳ辸䣬֣Ҳ̸Ϲȥ
ٴηŭһӣǿѹŻ˵
֮ǰҽӵϢ·ͥǰҲˣҲǳ辸Уȥġ
С˵
ʲô
üͷһ壬ɫ


337 
·ͥǰҲˣ
ɳʵ
ǵģյϢȷʵˣеʱоųɵĿ辸УöһΣôһ飬˶أ
ٵ˵ͷ
ʱǺǸйأӵˣ
ɺ˵ϴȥңһҪھ·ͥǰһ֮ǰҵǸ˶Ҵ
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ι϶ΣңЩ˵һ¡
ھ뿪֮󲻾ãɲͨһ绰˰СʱŹҶϣޱϲʲôֻǾɳϣȺŴϢ
ԶڶһߵıȺɭһڶš
׼úһɣҲڻģҲ̸̸飬ߵһЩأ˵ҲԸǻȡһЩ飬ķ˫ܣҲǺܸȤ
žվɭ˵
Ǻǣ䵽ôȻôˣôܹץסǣ
ɭνһЦЩѾ֮⣬ںЩ飬ڵƺʵȽǿһ㰡
ȻʧȥսС飬ʧǡϣĺ֣ɭĿǰȻгߣڣִץһʮߣĿǰҲֻʧѡ
ʵһ֮ͻףĶѲû壬ھԵʵǰٶ˶ϰˣЩ˵УֵܹҵҲֻˡ
ǰȥĳ轣ֻҪ㵹ˣЩ˾ԳŲӵʱ䣬ܣ˵õĻҲܴҵӹһҲ˵
УûвսܵķʵҲҲſǣְɣҿʵʱ䣬˶ٵĳ
ϣŭһƽ˵ŻССսȻǲʧȥǡ
δȫ£ѾȳˣһϴζԸƷһѭȷ˵ԭ򣬲˿ĶͻȻһ𣬱˵ͨˣĶеۡ
۾΢΢һգʱɭͻȻʧ˿УƺҲһ磬׵С
紵۾ЩɬȻע˫Ŀһǿ˫ۣôԾͱ۾һֵ̣轣ͨһҷֱĴ˹ȥ
ĸ֪ȻĻȻ׼ȷİյҵλã֪аգײأ
ɭڿԵЩƮҵķɭٶȾȻȫʢʱڻҪ֣ȫӰƶϸ΢Ҳķڸˡ
һжԸҲЧԸȴԵЩˣĸ֪ԶͬȼߣڵĲлȻܵٵشһ֪ȴҲѰ֮˿Աġ
νձô˵ҲǶɽڸֲȱ꣬޷Ǿһ˿й¶֮ҲЩϵЩҪǿĶࡣ
ܶ߶ǺĿХɿзֱɭƶķλһϸ΢ͷ·ˮϽĸ֪ôعȥ
֣ȶԸˣѵĻţҰɭ˾㡣
վԭأ촽΢΢£ֱӴܸ֪˵һԵƷɡ
һԵƷû˿ľȣʲôһ飬Ϊʵ˵ͷƷһ˫ֿʼ˼ٵı仯ٶȳһ֡
һԭڿɭĽ֣˵ʵԶǣսȻǿģһãﲻʲôæΪɭ׸ʵ
ڿһԵƷѾ߷ܣصҲ׷׵ڵʼʹ˸Ե˶һ䣬ƷɵķͰΧ˹ȥ
ǿûɭһһ뷨ȻֻһˣôȻһӵϣȡ̵ʱڰѶָˣȵɭܾˣǿɾǺҪսˣпܻһЧ
ƷȻǲôɵľôȥһԸ˼ˣȻûɭôҲǽ׵ļߣһ֮£ƷҲ֪ûʲôʤ㡣
Էһӵϣ˿˳ܵһߣ̽׷ܹȣһתۼ䣬Ͼֻһ˾վвϼҹĵĿ緢Х
ƷȻеʵҪԸĳԱ̫ˣҸ˵ԳŲӡ
ɭĻִӷд˳һʮյӡ
ܲܳŹӣҲûʲôգֻҪˣղЩʵ߾ʮҲԲҵĶ֣ԽһսʤյľȨǵϡ
ƽ˵ȲûӰ쵽Ļ˵ĻǺХĿҲڸǲˣɻô
˵ĲʤͿ֮һսˣ
ɭһЦĿͻȻһ˿ɫʣ漴Щ˿ڷɲǼͱȼˣӦǾ֮ԭһĻ棬ǵûб紵𣬷
ļתӿΧγһתֵ֣̺Ļ֮͵һҲ˷ӣʧԭء
ôܣ
ⶸȻ䷢һĻʱɭ󾪣û뵽߶Ŀ磬ȻҲԽõôã˶٣ڷиƶһĹ򣬾ͷѾǰ
ǵСˣȻ鿪ּܵǿҲҪСصߣϵж̺ǲ˽İأ
һЦ轣ѾѸĴ˳ȥɲǼͷסɭȫеҪ
˵һУôսҲ͵Ϊֹˣʣµ鲻໨ѵʰһ²оְˣûɭʣµĺЩˣûһ˿ӹġ
ɭΪ˫ߣȻǲܾô򵥵¾ģʵһļҪǿĶ࣬ѹ׵ֶȻҲǲͻĹ̾ӦԵķ
һ֮Ŀ̱任˷ԭһ򴵵ģܽŷƣܿ׷ɭ
ڣȴǳ׵ĸıˡ


338 ǿɭ
֮ĿͻȻըһ㣬޴ķ̼ͱ˳һǴɭķŷ̾ͼ˺˵ٶȡ
ҲǺ˵ĻȻҲԽˣϧǣĿΪ˹ɭӭĿ磬ٶܵһ̶ȵӰ졣
ܱ֮ǿеӰ죬·ͻȻҲûϵɭһУеʱ򣬷ɭѾԶ˸ղŵĵطֱܵȵһȥˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷȻһЦȫȻ䱬̾͵˿һ׷ȥһѾȫǰ״̬Ȼڶʱڽ˳ת
ڵǿȣ֮ȫǰӰѾʧԭ֮󣬹һԭزŷһ΢ıȻͻϵĸоɼڵٶжôĿ¡
ɭһ֮󣬱˵Ҳƽڵ׼ͷżܳʱһɷǳΣյĸоͻȻ٣ȫë
Դӽ׵ļߺѾܾûйָоˣıԵʱпܶԨĸоʱٴᵽˡ
ɭȥԼֱֱʱεľȹ̾͸ıԭȵĴ㣬˫۵ͫ׶ʱͬʱɫ̾͸ֳε
һɫؿڸһǺںɫС֮ӿֳʮӴЩգۼͽһǰѵɫõ塣
õĻ꣬л飬Ҳз飬Ȼǽ˷ϵܵĲõϴȻСʱɭóļܣȻʲô򵥵Ļɫ
ոձóõҲһ̹Ȱĳǰе轣һĽʱˮкһ˹˲ɭȫ¡

ɭһͺȣõеһʱವһƮǰƮɵĹУõĻʱƬƬţգۼͳһƴСľõ塣
ͱ֮õĻһͻȻһɫĻʹӻӿ˳Ͷһ޴õ壬һ̣õĻٴ䣬ʱĻ꣬ÿһƬͷС
ЩĻû˿ĳɣͼٵת˹ȥļƶĹ켣ղͻϮɭ֮ľ뱾ͲǺԶ
õͻȻϮӻȱٵĹͻϮм䲻ֻж̶̵һ˲ѣ仯ٶȷǳ죬һ϶Ƕ㲻Ϯ
ĿѾǵǷ켫ĿǰΧڣԿƺÿһ˿Ǽ⣬µĿؼʱڷӳļֵ
żڵһ㣬СȲʱϲӿȥ˲ƶȫļ⣬̾һɲͣԭأڵҲɲǼ緢ұۻһΣ轣˲ջǰ
ɫõ֮ǰСʱһʱȱ֮ÿһƬõ廨궼̺൱µֻһ֪֪ԲӲڵ϶Բ
ұĶ轣ϵĿлһһԲȦЩԲȦСһһôĽЩõ廨һȦУԭǰ̬ҲСһԲȦˡ
գзõ廨궼е轣ϵĻȦάǰĴССԲһĻʱɭ۽΢΢һ飬ǵһμԼĵƽ⡣
ַڲ˶תƺ̫ȭ֮Լĵ˲İ취ͶתƲͬʹķûнԷսڣ̫ȭͬҲûǧķжЩõ廨ꡣ
߽֮£ķԲ֮ĽֵȦסǽ˶ֵڿЩʱԽЩȥΪʹá
ɭһǰɫõʱһǰƮƮɵĹĴ˿ͬʱͶ޴õһ̣ͬӰһ쮷ɶõ廨ꡣ
ұһе轣̼ӿȦٶȣÿһȦǰ˦һĹбĻ궼Զ·أӭɭٴζɫõĹ
Ļײһһɿµ̱˳Χǽڶʱȥ·Ϊ̫ȶڻɿһ㣬ôȥ
ײ֮󣬱¹һ˲䣬ιȰһɲǼ͵ͷϵ컨壬컨ķһ֮ٴεɭǰ
ͻĹɭûʲô׼ײ֮󱬷ʵ̫ǿˣǿĸֶһ˲ʧȥ˸֪
һ˲΢Сʱٴ˺ɭ֮ľ룬ЩֻܸҲǾݶԲĶ֣ΣҪ֮ľ롣
Ȼٴαƽɭһ˿΢ľţȻҲܳʱԽʮֵľͨǶ˭ǻĵĹ֣һǳ֡
ŪһĵĹǰһԼĽ񶷼ԸЩǣõİ취룬ϵʹԶ̹ĥֵ־ӶﵽϿֵĿġ
ͱŴ֮ܽÿһԱѧϰ񶷵ʱǶô̵ģⶼѪܵĽѵı顣
ԶԣŵĳԱȻҲܹطѵͽԸߣԶ̹ͣôһʱҪ˫ľ룬ǧܸԷʩչּܵĻᣬͺԤˡ
ȻûнܹⷽѵսʮֵУڼϺ߲ǵһδ򽻵Ѿܽ˷ḻľ飬ԶԸɭʱһֱڲͣ˫֮ľ롣
ɭƶٶȷǳݣټʹõļзǳľɱһֶ˾룬ôֱͻᱻԷϵΪֹԷλϵķûпݽǰֱ޵еĴڡ
ȻǲսϵһȻ˵þĻʲôΣգһߵƷɻڶԸͬߣʱп֧ŲסҲֻץʱ䣬ȡ̵ʱڻɭ
Ĺɭִ֮ҲʲôӦֻ˼ĻӶȭͬʱȭأתʱұ֮ϣ˫ϵ̾ͼӳȥ
һ˴ĵ˵Уɭǵ֮ǿߡ


339 ɽ
ͻĿٹУʶķӦܵڵмӳ֣˵ɭѾ裬һһʱǣѾҪȥʲôӵĵ
һľ磬Ѿ൱ڹеʤУȫƾʶķӦʹóٶȸ죬и׼Ҳ˿˷ѣһַǳѧ硣
ɭȻûȫ̤أµΪѾ̤żҲٹϼ꣬ͿеУӶʵһ̨ףǴﵽ弶Ҳûпܵġ
ٸˣֲִټӭսܵסôҲͲ۵Ķӳˡ
е轣һ֮Ľͬһɭұۣǿޱȵע֮£̾͵ɭֱϸֵɫ轣žһ죬ɭұϡ
֪ɭ̾뷢ֱϵϧǣһжѾ̫ˡ
һʶ轣ͼ˫ؼӳ£ʱһµĽʶ֮ɭȻǿҲܵطǿұеĹͷʱѡ
˺ִҽѧϱΪԹۣĿǰϻûֹ˺Ʒֻн֫һ·
ȻɭΪһǿߣô۵˺Ȼǲûа취ģͿ޸ƣǰ㹻ʱ䣬ؼʱǰǾԲʱġ
˼ҲˣʮָһָȻ߲ٿҪ壬ϵĿƣϵǵʵҲӰģڸֵǰʱһССӰ죬пܴȫһĽ
ڵɭͺܺõӡ֤һ۵㣬ұѾʧȥԭȵƽ⣬Ҳ뵽нгٵƶĻԼͻֱһغˡ
֮ǰǰƶٶ£κε˿ڻǴˣᱻ޵ķŴһС˶ݱ˺
ϳɭұֱ֮ϣһ轣ѾǺһƤУʱԸɭѾҪ轣ˣҪץģԭҲû׼轣ȥոɭ
û轣ʱɭĶ֣ĸ֣ļѾǳ뻯ɭиû˿ķ֮û߳ȫѾʮһѨ
ÿһ£ɭоһȻѨλЩжһҲоǻĹһźѧʣͨѨλĿƣܶ˼顣
ͱڣÿϵһط;ĵüһȵʮһѨλ֮ԼѾȫûа취ڵƺЩ֮ʧȥ˸Ӧһ㡣
ʱɫڴ
ȻʱΪѵͷӦٶȣǾҲεĸӦѵҲڼΪȽ²һ㡣
ڵȻֻƾŵѨĹ򣬾ӲεɭĸӦ˿ֱӱһͨˣɭȣλܱĵ򶨡
ɭľұ仯ûôйȥᣬķɭ϶ʮһѨƶžɭ뿪Ѿݵȡ
κεĸӦҲ֪Ʒɵʲôط߸˽ֵĶʵ̫ˣ¥ϵžıƷɺ˶ȦӴҵʱɭӰ¥ĹսǴ
֣
ƷɴʱѾˣϵ·ͱˣǻһδɵѪɫӦòյʲôشʱлɭ˭ʤ˭ѾһĿȻ
ƷɴʱĸˣĳԱǼĵɫʱһȥٿɭɫʱѿˣɭʧܣǶһǳ޴Ĵ
ûж˵ʲôһֱӽɭӸƷɣ߽ס֮һˣվλãʱƷѾ֪ҪڳˣѾ㹻ˡ
־ܣҶʲô鷳Ҫɾͱˡ
ǰ˵ɭǰ֮Щ߶ĻûһҲϣǺأ֮ǰۼ׵Ļ˿ǡ
ǽսǿǣＸûʲô֮һĻڻںصвϵ֣Ŀ־ǰĹ֡
飬ֻվˣûйӱ
˵УһŽȭ׵߶ʱǰһɨһ۱Ʒɭ쳣ᶨ˵
ã־ҵͦģǵˣҲֵѧϰĵط
˵ͷһ˿΢ЦǻоŻúǰʶʱΪܣϧǲ̺ǻֻۣһζɣ̫ϧˣ
һ仰˵꣬ѾϣûʲôڵļɺʽڸٱĽ̴߷˼£ƾǿޱȵʵӲѹЩĳԱ
ٶȱ죬ǿɵȸǸ߳ȼƷ˶֣ôҲٳˡ
ĸ֣һӵʱ䶼ûгŹȥÿһˣ޲һӴ֮¾׷ɶȥ˴ɵѪҪսپֱ֡
˿񱩵ЩԱûһܹסԭ߾ͲϵƣǿֻΪõǿȥ
ڻĵ书УʮȴһĸƷĴ߶£Ƿӳ˾޴ԸЩ߼ֱֵ
սķǳ죬ƷɶЩ㶣Ȼ֪ʵ˽û뵽Ȼǿزò׶ȦӲŲסЩˣԼЩյ˺
û뵽ͬˣȻһӶûгŹȥֻǶְһƣеĶ־ȫӦɣûһ˿⡣
˵ʲôƷǾԵʵѹƣʵﵽһ̶֮󣬶ԷκεĻڵʽͼıֱӲǿѹķʽӲĻ֡
ֶУɵĴҲǷǳ޴ģʲô취ʲôʽֶһȭΪĸоһҡ
ԸЩߣȻǲȥչǵ뷨ôٽսôȥûеɱЩˣѾǳõԵˡ


340 ¶
̱һصˣƷҲ壬ʵȷԶһأ⻹ҪЩһĻʱ仹ҪһЩ
Ͼɱͻ׽Ȼǻ׽ѶҪܶ࣬ζʵȫڶ֮ϣп顣
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ƷɽɭЩ˶ӵһתʵ
齻˾ͺˣȻȥǵģǵѾˡ
ɭƽ˵ͳ̵ֻĴһ绰СʱĹʹĺ
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ż۶Ա滹һˣǱɹĹԱ
֮ǰ鶼ûУ
΢΢һЦʵ
Ѿ׵ˣ˵ĶԱҲƣҪһʱ䣬Ա˱Ƚأܲô׾ָܻġ
̵ͷ
û£ƵⲻõģȥһƵģָҲʲô⣬ǻȥ̸Ȱߵ⴦á
΢΢˵ͷƷ뿪ˡ
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ϣƷķȥһԵĸʻӿڴͳһƽ֮ʱһɨĻ档
ףⲻɭôϴǸᾧ
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ţɭǼղһɭʱ˳˹ȥܲоʲôԭҲԷƳҲ˵
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ҹѣĶɲôģǾôðɣƽ⻵֮еһûˡ
Ʒȴҡҡͷе㲻̫ƽ£ϾҪۿƼȽԣǵ֮ͷϴǵĺܶ༼Ѿңôġ
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΢΢һЦ
е˵ϰߣλ׷װüֱѾǱĹܣȥðˣҲǲõġ
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ڲ֮ǰҲô£ע⵽ʱѾǴΧĴˡ
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辸飬˴ȥˣ
Ʒһ߿һʵɴСͿôˣһŪõĻɵĺ൱˵ġ
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Ҫǿдأ

͵һ´ȣתͷƷɿٵ˵죡̸ȥҼң
ʲôˣ
ƷһֱӲȵ˵ף̺ŷٵǰҹҲûʲôĿһЩҲûʲô⡣
ҼңҪǿдأ϶Ϊ辸飬ãѵҲܵǣ
ЩǣͻȻҵЩˣ϶ʲôͨľ죬Ƶڲ飬ͨľȫûвֵأôֵһЩصĲš
ЩеˣֶȫѭΨһĿ񣬿ɲںʲôλݣǵҪѲƤ
пܣô飬ļ˿¶Ҫܵǣ
Ʒɵ˵ͷ֪нٶȶʱּӿһ֣ԭҪʮӵ·̣Ǳ̵ҡ
˱ſڣƷɻûüȥѾ˳һץı߿˾ѾȰ˳ȥ
ƷҲͣ˳󣬷ɿĽ˱
Ǿ˭ȻҵҲ֪ǵݰɣ
վصǰǰվԺŮǲõʵ
Ȼ֮ǰȻǰһǵҲѾȷϹˣ˶ûʲô⣬ֻС㣬Ҫȥܵ顣
һˣޱǰһ˵
ͻȻõŮ϶͸ɷţ¸ղżѾǶˣһǾͲʲôˡ
ΪʲôҪأһֱǴһ𣬲᷸ʲôµģ
׷ʵ
ǲ˵ǰ͸¶ֻܸ辸йأǶǾ·ͥٲòˣǷСȥ顣
Ǹ˲˵Ȼغı򵥣ֻܾ·ͥĵȣͲ֮䲢ûʲôϵȻҲںʲô֮⡣
Ҫ飬ǽҲߣ˵ֻŲӱĶѡ
Ҹ磿Ҹôˣ
һ辸֣ضʱɻʵ
辸Уγ鷳ŪõĻԺڲӵǰ;ҲʹӴֹˣܱܲסļ¶һ⡣
Ǹ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵


341 ǿд
ܣҸڲһֱǾְأѾ˴УļǿԼŬģôܻʲô飡
ҡͷһģʱ
ĸ辸СͷǳҪǿ˲֮ҲһֱƴŬǰǰԣԺڲӿ¶첻ȥˣ辸˵һĴ
ǲҪƭ㣬ҲûǸйԶܵƭ棬ǽȥܸ飬ûʲôĻȻܿͷġ
ǸͻȻֱ̧һۣޱ˵ʱ䲻ˣ벻ҪǵĹһ£
һ仰˵֮ͷ΢΢һƫŮˣһһҾ׼ء
ʱ򣬼Ԥ׵һŲƣ˲ͽص֮ǰҪúõıˣûǲκһ˴ﶪʧġ
ļټɢı֮̽סˣȻϵϢ֮ǿҪԶԶĳͨ˵ķ롣
ԭﻹиӣղǿˡ
Ǹ˵ĵ˵ͷ˵ȰûǲҪִ󣬴СֻΪЭ飬ûʲô飬ǿоܾͲܱ֤ˡ
Ҫ㱣֤ʲôˣһҲߡ
ƽ˵ڵĺѾʼ˸תһʵİĳܣȻͣ¸Ŀʼ˻ᡣ
ʵȻ˵Ķ֣ǲҪʲôʧȥǵ飬νˣ谭·ͥİ참ᱻѹ
ʵǸҲһЩɵʱֻŻһˡ
̫Сˣӵʵˣһ㶼ôںνĹǵʵõĽİ취˵ʲôǷϻ
ȻôƫˣǴСڼĹҳ󣬶ĿȾĶҲһЩϰߣͱڵľ档
ˣǲܴߣʲô֤ݣ붼룡
΢΢ҡҡͷ쳣ļᶨ
һϣٽҪӰ쵽ˣ
ٶ̧һ±ǸȻѾʧȥģһ£ϣжļƣһѺ֡
о͵Ǹ˶Ѿ֮ΪߵҪ߳һߣںһֱûжӵǸˡ
ˣ
һͺȣ㼸ȥһֱ˼ſڲͣ
ѾûˣҲû˹ǣ˫һӣ޹ǵİڶӭȥʹԷһϣҲû˿η֮ġ
ȻԸıˣͬʱҲ˺ܶĺôʼմһ塢״̬Уʹ򶷶ʮֵкô
˵Ĺת˲ѡʵǸˣƮƮ£ӰΧȦ͹˳ȥֱǸߵǰ
ĺֲ̹ͨӲӲĺǸ߶һƣûʲôˣ˼һƺϳһ㵭ı˪
һ֮󣬼̳ˣתĹУĸ˵ĹӵʱѾ˻صŮǰ
ʱغ㱻Ʊ˼ԵУƱȻȥң֪ʵǿ֪Ҫǿ١
һƵǸˣͬһ׷ȥʱͻȻԼе㽩Ӳһٻûиǰ˵Ľ࣬ʱͨһԵڵء
յͬӰ죬Ҫ׷ȥҲͣŹ쵹صǸˣŷǸ˵ɫѾһƬɷף϶һ˪
书ǺأȻ溮֮
һֱûǸ˶ʱǰ˺˱ʱ룬֮󣬵֮ϵĺ˪ͽʧˡ
Ŵܹ⿪µĺ۾Ҳ΢΢˵ԷҪôľĹҪôʵԶ֮ϣܶ˵ʲôϢ
ˮԶ˵ģˮһֱ𣬻ͬԽˮ
ͬĵȻĺ溮֮ǶԷԵĹһԽƣʵҪǿĻǸǲ˵ˡ
ʵܲ书ȼҲͣĿǰҵĶ֣Ҳ֦ڣ黹ǴļһЩȽϺá
⿪˺֮ӻǰ˵
ȷ֤ݣκˣ㶼ܴߡ
ŬƽڷڵϢղźǿжһƣȻûˣڵϢǱˣһ˵ĿǰЩǿ
ܺ书ȼϸߣʵĻ̶ҲǺҪģ书ҲҪʵ֧ţһûʲôΪ
鷳ǲˡ
ӿһֱޱҡҡͷ󣬽²һ磬Ѿĳ˼ǰֱƣż˹ȥ
ͨͨһƣƽ棬ûʲôӣǼȴɫ΢䣬ΪһӦУѾȫ£Ӳӣûİ취
ΪŮһô̾ͱǰ֮˴ߣһ̹ĶȫʱһӿӲӲĶһơ
صһ춯һǿҵӶ˽ֵĵط˳վڼŮյӰ죬λζ˺ü
һѪһ׷ɣ˿˿վԭأȻʵԣȷҪ߳
żη˵ĻᣬֱӵصǰƱŬأһ־ץסصĸ첲˵ͬǰ
ʵĸǰƱѾӲʲô̫ˣֽĴ򶷣ǰﲻʲôæֻĿرǸ˴˹ȥ
ʱ䲻ˣǸϽȥ񣬽кܶҪٵˡ
ǯһץأƽ˵˲ڶ̶ȥ
ߣôĵӣûҵͬ⣬˭Ҳܴκһˣ
ʱһ߶ʱԺ洫˹ֻһŭߣĺһ¶һʹɫֻǸɻһޱӡ
˼Ȼĸ֣
Ǹ˶ʱ΢΢ϵһγı飬ɻдЩ˷ܣЩֵӡ
ڻ֮ո£һӰѾȰĴԶ˹գۼĹѾԺӣ˵һƾͶǸ˹ȥ


342 
ƻûнӽǿľѾǶǸûʲôӰ죬͸¶ĿȴǸ˲òСĽС
ҲԶʱüһƻɣǱֱ°ߣŭ֮£ֱңңĴ˹ͬʱҲٵĸ˹
ǰİˣʵֶ֣ȻǲֵģʹʮɵٱĽʮƸǴ߶˼£书һۡ
գۼ䣬˵ƾһ𣬺һǸ书Ҳ书ͬĻ𱬣ʱһƣ֮·һС͵̫һĿ֮Ĺâ
͵ʱ˳ʹǸҲɵͼԱֶʱɿץŵأηɿĺ˿
ͬں˵ʱָצظһ̴߶ǿ̽˻ȫɢͽرڡ
ôĻǶ˸ղŽֵĿ书غпܱˡ
ҲԿ书ǸҪ߳һߣΪڽ֮ʣؾ˹Ǹһֻܱĺжϵľ
ܺã벻Ȼĸ֣
Ǹ˻ص˶ѵߣ΢΢ƽϢһ궯ŵ˵ͷ˵ҽ࣬Ǿ·ͥٲòִй٣ʲôˣ
û°ɣ
·ûĻֱӵͷ˻ﱧŵء
ûʲô£
ҡҡͷЩµıϾֻǸŮӣȻкǿıСûԹʲô࣬ͻȻ飬ʱЩĳֶʱһǿ룬Ҳҵ˿ˡ
㵽˭ѵԼҸ֪𣿡
һ飬˿ӡ
˭ҵļץˣȻ˭֪
ĿһۣصıԸоȻЩŹȣϵļⶼı
ǵȻ֪Ҳּ֪ҵˣ֪ڴѧ飬ǴڵȻıô򵥣ʵݣ
΢΢ҡҡͷץˣȻʲô鶼û飬ǵĽУֻһӵܶѣƽʱûʲôӼһĸѡ
ǴڵȻǵ鱨ֻǼ򵥵ĸصĸıȻӵǿʵ
ҵݣǻʸ֪ҵҵļֱץˣ첻ǵѵҿԺ󻹻в۵˺ҵҵ
һЦ˵ʲô˼ǿץأܺ˵ҲͲԶˡ
ʲôûǵ˵ŪԽԽӡ
΢΢üͷϲﻹİɱ⣬Ȼһ˿ɱ΢ĸӦˡ
𣬸ӦϺٻ⣬һ㶼ʮ׼ȷģȻѾɱ⣬ôͱСӦˣһСģпܾͻ
ϾпܴҹʤҲпʤһ֮䣬ˣһ΢ĻᣬѾԷˣ˭Ҳҵġ
ֱӴ˵ҰŪĸӣҪץˣΪʲôûʽĴ˭ǵȨĪǿҺ۸ɣ
һĻأǻǰȫһž죬ۻ֮͸˵ͷʼ΢Ʈ
Ҫ𣿡
΢΢һϵϢֻǿѾе㾪ȵĳ̶ȣû뵽˲ŶʮͷѾǿʵȻֵزҪֹһ
ʵǿĸ֣仹ôᣬǾԲҪս˵ģڻûֵϸ£óȻսǰ׳յ˼Ϊ
֣ѵȲ𣿡
ɭȻһЦԷΪĴĵߣϻļʱؾͻᱻˣȻʱ϶ҵм䷢˵ˡ
뵽ŭȫһ緢Ѿ˲ʧԭأһ̾ͳǰ˫¶̺ĸ֮˻ûǰѾ۾ˡ
Ȼǽʮƣ
ղ̫Ѹ٣Ǻȷʹõ书һ֣һ̾Ϳ϶еĲ룬֪ȷǻһĸ书
֪ʹõ书ǲҴˣҲ书ȻʮƵۻ֮绢Ч
²һҲڿ˼ƣ˫ɣգۼѾʮУ˲֮ٶȼ죬϶֮ʱǳӴ󣬱˾Ҳ岻ϣֻһżĿš
ǿʵҲЩȣû뵽ﻹôĸ֣ȻĴиˣȻϸ˵ڲھ·ͥˡ
ҲǾˣΪ࿴ᲢǷǳĴҲʮң沿ǺϣЩĸоԼҲʶһ㣬ԹһСӣǿһ沿ĲɣС
ʮҵͣµʵҲǷǳ˲һ£֮ٶԭͻÿһ˿Ľܿɹġ
ҲΪʲô弶ʮټԭ򣬵˸߼ľ֮ÿһ㾳綼֮𣬸ս뾳ߺʮߣ֮Ĳп֮
ͱͨĸսĹȣʵ֪Ҫ߳ٳ
ԽԽصɫͿԿˣ񱩵ĹѾЩˣʵǳǿ»ֻǿֶԵУһγ轣ʵԾһ̨ס
ڵƺǲðγ轣ˣһ£ѾʼЩ֧ǻ书ٳս飬ҪҪ֪߳
֮Ĵ򶷣ûʹκλڵ书ʮƱǴ󿪴ص书ľǿ߶ӳƥľһٻ֣򵥵书ʽͬԷӳ޴
ӲӲĶԴӲĽʮȭȻڻ֧ţԼкֱֻ۶ʼ˷飬Ѫס
Ϊһ֣ζʲôˡ


343 ʵ
෴ӦĶ֪Ѿʼƣˣϵۻĳ̶ȣ඼ǲģӲӲĴ򶷣ԲĶ֡
ʵʵһʼͷĲ࣬̾ͱ任˶Բߣ׼Сɾ书Ըͼʽһʤ
ֻǼеĹ;ķ֣书ĳ̶ȾȻ˿֮£ھʲô̶ȣΪûȫչʾҲ޷ϸ
ǾͶ¶ļУѾΪľսˣ쵱Ĵѧͷо̫ȭ
źųں˻ѧһȭҪżߣͨ߸ûа취͸ѧҲֻǶǣֻɷȮĸо
Ǵղʹõ̫ȭ֪־жֲˣȻѾһ˿̫ȭľ裬áᲢ
ͬǴ󿪴صĽʮƣǱһ⾳ȻԸΪǾͶ˿ԲľȴǽʮԭеĶ
۹׼书ȷһڻͨĹУѧŵ㼯еһ𣬲ĳһ书ļʶ˵Ⲣһѵ⡣
Щ˲֪ĵϸ֪һ󣬶ļɵҲ͸ˣһѧ֣ӵ˵츳ʱգһʵµĳ֡
Ĵ򶷼䣬ڿסǿͽֱ鵽һ̶ȣʽڳסһᣬһֱͻӡ˹
Ȼ෴Ӧ٣æ£˫ǿеֵؿڣһƶѾǿ֮ĩԵֵˣʱ˱ʮƿ͵ľһƻɣоһѪ˳
һȻĻɣϾ¶˾ֵɫһͰΧȻ֪Ķ֣ǻҪȡʱ䡣
˵ĺΧһЦطһ֮ȫһ񱩵緢һ˶֮޵ͷ͵̽˳
ͷϵ죬һɵҲڲϵ۵ûйĳһˣǰͻȻΧһ˦
쵽׳̵ͷʱǰһɨΧ˶ʱһɣǿƥǿԵֵģǾԵʵ࣬ûκζֲ
ס֣
˵ĵֵ;ڻһĨȥǵѪ󣬴Ϣźһ
ⱻһɨɵˣæԷվǵȻѪǴӶϿû̫ܵصƣΪһ
ϾЩ˵Ҳ򵥣Ȼʢŭ֮£ҲûдľɱǰЩˣϾﻹǻģЩ˶кĹٷıŵˣҲʲô͸ʲô
ʲôҲķԺһΣЩ֪ĵ̲˭ġ
ʵĪ⣬Ĳԣϣ¶
ǰһֻ̧ǰؿƽѹСķתȦ̾ѹڶҵ
֮Ϊ֪ȷߵ壬Ȼ֪ıʲôֻ书Ҳ֪һС
ǿʵûκεıҲʲô˶۸ģοбˣ߽ϵһĶǳ·ͥٲòҲòСǸ
ߣֻǸһѵ´εĻͱˣ
һߣɨһǰˣ͸¶ľζѾǲԶ
дţǣ
˵ͷûж˵ʲô̾뿪Ժӣɿû˺ڰ֮УӰ
֮ʮӰĵû˺ڰ֮УоƷɵӰЩ˶۵ĳԱ
ס̬۵ĳԱҲûгֻ֣ڸ䣬ֹԷԮȻ˶ѾˣǵȻҲͽˡ
û°ɣ
ʧˣת˼ˣ̹еʵ
Ƕû£쿴ղźǸ˵ˡ
ҡҡͷץżֱæ˵
ˣȽȥɣǿơ
΢΢һЦص֣һȥˡ
ɳϣȼ˼ϵƣϸĴ̽һɿ˼󣬷ĵĵ˵ͷʾûʲô⡣
ǸղѪѽ
㻹Щġ
ûµģֻٻѪѣ³ûʲô£ٻڣ˺ӵĴֻǺදֵʱอܵ𶯶ѣûʲô󰭵ġ
΢΢һЦѪڳ˿ǱȽأ֮˵Уʲô⣬Ҫֺܶ˵ûʲôϵһϾͻָˡ
ʱע⵽˿ڵĵطһ˿ǳǳѪ͸˳æ߼һ£ŷ˿ڱ˿еѪˡ
һǸһ°ɣһ˿ֱˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷķԣһ˿Ԫٵ޸ǵ˿ڡ
ղŵôһ°ΪʲôЩʲô·ͥˣͻȻҪأ
κ˿֮һ߲ɴһ鵣ǵ
صĸ磬辸ˡ
̾˿
֪
ڵͷ£ô˵æ̧ͷʵ
ҵȷ֪ʱһֳ粢ûпңֻǷһĻȫ
˵ͷ
׳ʲô飿ôص·ͥ˶ˣ
ؽ׷ʵڲ⣬ֲĹ취ֱӹھ·ֻͥҪ˳;Բʲôͷ
εأ辸ΪϾаεͷ˽ºһѧҽףеҩ׼ʿ巽ǿ
򵥵˵ѧñץˣǱߵ֯һѾûˣԾͽ辸ѧҵĽ̸Ƶϡ
ʲôϣ
ضʱһ֪ͷһعôСҲܻᱻֵķԷ˵Ļһôص飬ڵĹߣ
鿴
Ʊһ̨ʼǱԣٵصƵһ֮󣬲ûҵʲôصѶϢûУѾ鲻ˡ
ţҵõϢǱѾȫصϢڵĿֻţҲһλְæڹѾˡ
˵ͷ˵


344 
ֻʵͦǿģټжİæôʱ䣬ϵϢӦҲµĲˣ˵绰һ롣
ղϵƵһεҵֻϡ
򵥵˵һ͹Ҷ˵绰֮һƵļͷ˹ֻݸأʱľƵ㿴ɡ
̽ӹֻŮҲչԴֻϿǶƵеȷ辸ɣĽǶȷǳûκֵûɵĵطŶȻǼߵġ
ô飿
ؿƵ̱ɳϣСڲӳȻԣҲһǴĴ֣صѹ
еĲʮ־޴ģ˵ĺõĻ辸Ժһ˿ϣͨɾĵתõĻⱲҲǻˣѾǺܺõĽˡ
ϾݵʲôΪʲô辸Ϊεľݣϧ޴Ĵۣ
ɻʵ
ϾǴ͵ľϰҪΪչʾҵľʵεľеĹϾٰģ͵ľжУֳܱɫĻδǰ;൱аġ
򵥵ĽϾݵıֻڲӳģȻˣڵӣû˼˵ʲôȻ˵ˡ
ûǴĻؼҲڲʵͦǿģΪʲô辸ҪգؾصİͰͦõ
Щѽ⣬ȷ벻ͨʵô׵ķչõѡ񣬼̫⣬һǵľ
ǲ飬ҲǶ̫࣬صĸСͷǳҪǿڲô꣬ûҪٰһˡ
̾˿Ҳ˵ģǼپͲ֪ˣﲻֹһ˷ǳĳɫһͺһˣģͬǸǳǿĶ֣ҲǴУľΡ
ѵΪһǿĶ֣գ
üͷֳܲѹˣǲôõġ
пܣ˵ǰȻҲƽڲûиԺ辸Ǵ·磬һλʵнȷıʾ֧ġ
΢΢ҡҡͷ辸ӰɣĵʵٵõΪʵȨн֧֣ô̾ͻ辸Ķ֡
˵Ļпܡ
˼һĵ˵ͷǰһֱԼĶ֣ͻȻҪϳԼˣһҲЩĻҵģ辸пܾ£
ؼһˣ龿Ҫô
ͻȻվ˵
ڻؼңҾò̫ãǵһȰɣǱʲôһģʱȲҪ¶ˣں֦ڡ
Ҳվͬʱؼȥ·ͥ˶ˣ϶ô򵥵ľʹˣҪǣ浽ܶ˵档
˵еҲڲҪȥҲҪǱʲôϵڶ辸˵ԽԽãҪôı
Ҳҡͷ˵һϣĹ۵һµġ
ƱһԣǲܰʲôæҲû˵Ѿˣǿɲҡ
İɣҵĲд辸Ǳһ˹ע̬ĽչͰĵڼҵϢˡ
˵ͷصļɳϡ
ţһаڣͷİɣ
§סصļο
ε¼󣬴Ҷ˸˽ΣػŮղŭųڵӣŭֻģڼŮӡǡ
ѾôˣȥϢɣͽˣ컹ȥѧУ鷳࿴һˡ
˿ǽϵʱӣתͷԼ΢΢һЦ
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ɵĵ˵ͷ
ȼŮطϢ֮һĵ뿪ˣһ͵ۻصĵѵڡ
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ˣΧ˹
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ɨһۣǰĳԱû֮ˣʱʵ
Ƕ¥ҽңԼװһ䣬йֻҪʲô̫ӵﶼֱӽС
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ãȥȰǵƺ˵
˵ͷȥ¥ҽңĶԱ
ҽңļԱʱҪæ˰ֹǣˣˣͲҪЩˡ
óİ˳һڴϵĶԱˣ裬۵ĶԱ̹ˣû˻ʵϾǰħѵʱǵ˿ɶκõġ
ܵʵǷǳأֻǿЩ˰ˣֻʹһЩɣԴ˺ҲˣûʲôƵˡ
ǰֻһСʱĹͽ˵ĶԱƺˣʣµֻҪûˡ
ˣ⼸ǾȲҪƳ׵Ļָ֮ٵ¥²μѵ
˵ͷİص˵ѵҡ

ڼˣʱ򵥵ĵһͷһк
һҪæ
żɽ˵
˵
ķôļûбҪ£ǻ˵ϧ
ҴǱջһսƷзѰᾧܹ⵽ᾧĲ֪ûаƽ
ӿڴͳǸ΢͵ݵ˶
ûвƽֻҪƵģǻһ·ֻ·׶ѣһ㶼˵ȽĿƼƽѶȺܴ󡣡
ӹǸϸĲ鿴һ˵
ûϵȷоûƽĿܡ
һ¶ļ΢Ц˵
ãһᾡԿģĶҲǵһνӴ֪Էʲôֽš
˵ͷ˿ڴС
ˣжλװãȰѶλװˣȻԷ׾ͻҵǵλá
ȻʲôæͶ˵
ղѾ˶λźš
һͷƽ˵
ûʲôı飬ⷽĸ֣ȻûоԵİƽǼ򵥵ζλźȴûκε⣬ٶȿ쵽ûвʲôʱ򶯵ֽš
һ£辸¼ĴҶһ㣬ʲôϢĻ֪ͨҡ
һ֮ת뿪˼ҡ


345 ȤȻ
ۻǱ뿪ĵĻص˼Ÿһţ¥ڷļ̾۾Ķôᣬù
ΪͼֻҪӽһΧڵͻԶָӦ뵽Ҳûףֻʱȥˡ
֪֮󣬼ٶȱ۾״̬ڼңҲ԰ĵļˡ
ϴ֮ĵƱķ䣬һȥŷƱû˯ϥڴŬˣͣ
ôڷùأ
ЦŰƱ§˻һĶͷ
ţ쿴ôƴȴһ԰ﲻʲôæоʵ̫ˣûʲôΣУҲˣúúõĿһԼôȥˡ
Ʊ˵ͷؿڵ૵˵
һ飬ǧҪΪļʱŪʲô߻ħ
΢΢һЦƱͷ
Ҳôġ
ƱһЦ̧ͷСЦ
ƱС΢΢һСȥǰڰűҦ˹ʱֵȼѾ˳°˽ȥ
ţҪͻһ磬Ǹòá
Ʊƴһ˿ǣץסߵĴ֣ߵĴϢ
ðɣͷŹˣҪŬѽҿǵȲôˡ
һ˼ӣðżѵĴӦ
֪ܿģԭѾӦͻƵˣŬһʱ䣬϶׵֮ġ
Ʊæĵͷ˵Сɷǿɰ
ˣһطȥˣԹԵ
һƱЦ뿪˷䣬ҪĻƱ϶ûʲô˼ȥԼķ䣬һ춼æҲЩƣˡ
еʱر죬ת۾һҹȥˣڶһ磬ľˣڳ˼㣬Լһͳȥˡ
ȵŮ¥ʱ򣬳ֻõͣѾӰ
ڰôô磿
ϵ࣬ߺȱʵ
֪æӡ
ƱҡҡͷҲ֪æЩʲôܶҲû˵Ҳûȥʡ
һ뿪ҵͺȥŴãڵ˹ҵһ̨΢͵ԣ辸ҪҩϢ׼ȥ˼һҩʲô⡣
Ϻã
¥ܲð칫⣬Ƶ鿴˹ʱЦŴһк
磡𣿡
ҲЦŵ˵ͷ
Ѿˣֱӽȥˡ
΢ЦŻص
ôô͹ˣ
칫һƿͷҲ̧ľʵİ칫ңͨܽˣûˣԸѡǡ
ȻҪ鷳ܲˡ
ЦߵƵ󣬱ݺݵһڡ
һ㣬Ƥˣ
ưһۣʲô鰡
ϴβǴӺʵ�һǴβһѧߣҩһǳ˵һҩԶʱȫλǿĻܡ
ӿڴͳǸ΢͵ԣƵǰץסǸѧߣе˹ҵǸ΢͵ԡ
˹
һ֣ʱеıʣǸ΢͵Կ
֪ˣ
üҶʱ΢΢һ
ţȷʵʶˣоǳΪЩȺŷ޴ССʮ£󶼱ɨسˡ
Ƶ˵ͷ
Ϊʲôһ˲ţеЩҲǲںİɣ
Щֵʵ˹Ϊͨ˿ȷЩܽܣһһصǰЩС˼ˣҲںЩֻҪоĳɹмֵС
ʲôԭҲԴԺ󣬾ûʲôȥҵ˹ˣŷ伣ˣû뵽Ȼڹڱץס
ƻҡҡͷҲֻ˵˹ڵ˹ѣ̫˽⣬Ͼ˹ˣƽʱûκεĽ
˹˶һУ׼ҩ۸׻ûɣͱǸ
Ц˵
˵ľǶǸ辸ɣ
ƶʱ̧ͷЦ
Ҳ֪£
ȵĿһۡ
ȻˣǺ;ĺҲܽأǿʲôҵģ˵ľƷó򣬾еôܲϤأ
ҡͷЦ
Ҳǣôһˡ
ţץס˵˹ǻץסһЩԱһɵ˹ҩ϶ʲô⣬Ҳǣ飬˵׼һı
һҩĳɷֵû⣿
Ļǣ̾Ͳµ뷨
ͷ߲û˲ţֻܰȥоһˣҩõĻ˵ԺͺǸ䷽Ҳ㽻ŵȥо
ͷ˵ƣҪʲôŮ㹻ĳأ˾ﻹǷǳεġ
û⣬ҰϴŷǱߵʵңץʱһֻǷĻͻнˣҪߵȵȣ
Цʵ
ѽû˶ˣϲ˶һºˡ
ааһЦ͵һѽƱԼ֮󣬲ŰƷŵԼϡ
ѽǹ˾㲻Ҫ
ƵȻ֪ҪʲôʱߺС˵
ʲôѵ˻ᴳ𣿡
һЦİһť޴͸شʱˢһȫ˲͸ӣϴƳ֮»ϵ˫ɫ
ܲ㣡
ƽߵĴһεҡҡͷֽԺ㷢˿һͷٲʽĳʱɢ
ǰȥƵ㷢һƺѾܾöûŹϵζˡ
粻ˣеİŶƵ硣
§Ĳӣϵĵ绰齻һҶ˵绰֮󣬾칫ҵĴŴһ죬Ѿ
һ¶ߵ㷢Ѿ׼̾ͻһ̬תۼѾ˿һ
Ʒǰİ칫ϣ˫һѾͬʱ⿪ϵ¿ۣ칫̾һƬ˰Ȼľ


346 ҩı
һ֮СʱڷŹ˽ѵƣټİ칫
ǰιˡ
һƵ㷢һСЦ
ˣľô
Сܸ߶˽ǰ붼룬ھȻôڰ칫һ£ľһ
ʱ򻻸طҲ´ȥĵطòã
ٺһЦͷƵǰ
ᣡ綼ҪȥˣϽɵ顣
ŬİԴ˵
ʲô°ڸɵĲô
һ仰˵ְ꣬Դȥ֣̲סһ󷢲
˴ֵʱ򣬰칫ϵĵͻȻ˵εεһ죬æħצץ¾˰칫Ǳߣ½ǵĻʾһδʼ
ٵ£ƽʼ˿Ԥϵǰ㣬Ǵŷʵҷļ档
Ǳ߷ҩļ棬һǷҩô򵥣żĸá
ʼݣƵɫ𽥵Ҳ˹Ϻ󣬽Ʊ˴ϣſǷʼ
ҩʹõĴרҵȣʼҪ򵥵Ķ࣬пû˿ϰȥ
˵ҩȷǾе˹˵ЩЧǸȴǼΪĿ£ʱǿĸܣ͸֧ǱΪ۵ġ
ʱͨϸĴֳͷܣﵽǿϵͳͼãͨһϸѴƵģƣ˾ͻȻ˥
Ϊʲô޼յԭ򣬲ǲ˾ͲһʱҲȻΪϸѵĴޣ˹оҩƵļ̡
ŷʵǱߵķ棬ҩͨ˷ˣŸ£һأϸѵĴͻﵽޣͻֱ
ҩʹˣֱʱĺľԵ޹ʵɻɼĿֻţʱЩ֮˾ͻΪڣ¶˽иƻ
û뵽ҩȻôĸãǸ˹϶᲻֪ҩȱݣôȻԸ辸ӦúѲ˸ϵˡ
ʼһ˼˵
˹ѾץˣرҪĿʳһЩӦǲѵģ֪ڱҲǺѣ˫Ͷص֯ṫڵǰ
§Ĳ˵һĻǲԵɣҲûʲô취ܲΪԭῪսĽǲ֮ǲ֪辸ô
˵ĲŵȷҲûʲô취ֱܲӴȥ̫ˣ辸ֻһ˵ɵ϶ѣֵô󣬾ǶнҲеˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
㲻׼һѣ
ƺʵ
ΪʲôҪ
ҲֵĿơ
صĸ磬صϣѵܲʩԮô
Ŀһᣬһۡ
֪أ
е㾪ˡ
ȻˣѵӦ˽һ˶˭һ𣬸Щʲô𣿡
죬һؿڣһӡ
ٺ٣ҿʲôûɣ֮װ
Ц§ƣһǡ
˭㣿һɫǣ
ָĶͷһŵı飬ܵ˼Ұ칫ҾͲżмŮ̵ס
ô룿
ааһЦֱ̧ˣȵ˫ϣĳλվ
ҴˣĴˣ
æִѹסһĵ˼еʹ´òã
֪ˣ
Žɵʵ
ģģ
ͷĸСƵãǳϡ
Ǻðɣξԭˣ´ٸһңһúýѵģ
װǳȵĵ˵ͷ
ʱҲൽʮ֣Ƴȥ˸緹ͻ˼źԼһ˿ȥãСʱѾ½İ칫
Сӣһ˲õĴ󹦰
½һƲסЦ⡣
۵һִû뵽һջôһ㣬ץһﾫƻһͼ߽ڲսı
ԱŵĶĿ֮ϻۣȻһյй辸ϢҲ֪ڱƻģץ˵龫ɭˣƻ˾ܵµĻңǸֵף顣
ʵǿҲֵܵϳǧľˣһҩھӴģʹãʲôĺǾľͬʱꡣ
ʱĺпܳܲʧĹٷҲһϳͲصĸ˾ԻܵΪĳͷ
ܻĲ㶯ͻᵼʲôӵϾڵĴ󻷾άȶһع⣬ƱػΪҵЦʱӿɾͻѿˡ
ɶѣҲû뵽һô顣
Цҡҡͷںʲô֮ĶʹǼ뱣ţҲΪñŵѣʲôĳ룬磬ĸԸҲָ
Ҳʵһ֣㹻ǿʵҲ㹻ǿ߽δĳɾһǲ
½Ŀһۣùϵһϡ
δ˭ҲֻҪµãҪδԼʲôźͺãʱҲûôࡣ
Ц˵
⻰Ҳе˴󹦣жĹҺ;ʮֵ⣬ۼȻѾУٸʲôȨҲûʲôá
½ҲЦϵļ˵ԺʲôҪֻͺã˵ѾһˣԺһ½ϸͿˡ
ţԣҶȨⶫҲûʲôȤֻҪʲôҪʱ򣬱ܹһæͺˡ
˵ͷν˵ʲô滰ԵԼһ
½ԸҲ˽⣬֪ںЩҲһͷûٶ˵ʲô
ˣϴҴǸˣĿڹѾ𣿡
ϴκȡϵ飬˳һ䡣
ѾȫгˣҲѾ뿪ߵʱ㲻ڣҸ仰⿪ˣԺлĻȻټġ
½΢΢˵ͷЦ˵


347 King
Ҫ뿪ĻҲûʲôģҲǺܲùġ
̾˿ʵйϢʲôҪرע𣿡
УǺص飬һãпܻĶʱصĲţⲻҪյǣ
⣬½ı
Ŷôأʲô飿
˾񣬺ʵ
ӷõ׼ȷϢ߻֯һŷ޵֯֯ŷ޴ССĹңÿһڶи߹ְӴķǳ¡
½ļһϣһ߿һ˵֯ϵʵѾﵽ˿ԹĹһаĳ̶ȣֻΪǣԲŻ͵¡
ôǿ֯Ȼһһ
ʱɻüͷû뵽Ȼô֯ȻԺа壬Ҫ֪ʵǿĽްԼĹһʵԲʲô˽֯Աġ
һʼϢȷЩɣΪ֯УҲвְλһЩصϢԼ֪ҲǺ
½˵ͷɫǳأݷ˵Ľֽ֯King˼ǹ֯ͳҲKingûмˣֻ˵˶ѡ
King
ظһ飬ҽ֯ôһ֣ȷҲǵģҲӲ˵֯ȷʵǳۺ񣬺пͼıǱѰ
KingϢͨһЩصȷˣŷ޵ȷһǳӴ֯ڲٿأûдĻӦþǷ˿˵Kingˡ
½ֿ˵
֯ȡҩʲô;
ʵ
Ǻܼ򵥣ǲ²һΪооǸҩΪ˿ǱܣڴģѵӣʱھͿԽһͨ˱úǿ󡣡
½һҳϣ˵ھǵоѾȷҩзǳԵȱݣ޷ʵִģԾй¶ȥˣɵӰҲǺڿԿƵķΧڡ
һȻĲˣΪƷһҩϢŷǱߵʵҽ˼飬Ѿ֪ԴʱҲûԵʲô̫ȵĵط
King֯׼ô죿
˼һ
һӴѾŷ޵֯Ҫ˵ûʲôͼı¾СҲŵġ
ڶԸǵ⣬Ժ̸һü޵⡣
½ֱ˵
ʲô⣿
ֵĿ½ʵ
󣬾ڶٰ粩ᣬKing֯׼ڴ֯ƻжƻͷִеǸƻϵҲ֪ʲôֻ˵һƻѡ
½¶һǵɫ
粩һ͵չ飬ʱȫССĹǰμӣһԼɫĻͿƼʱȫһƬȸԾС
ƻжǵĿʲô
粩֪ʲôȴ֪King߽King֯ˣʲôĿġ
ʱҲںʵвμӲĿʱܲҳһЩ˿
½ΪѵҡҡͷϢѾ͸¶˾ͲҲж׼辸渺εİͻȻô飬жָȨ䵽ĵ
ģ
üͻȻ̧ģڿʼһ˿棬ܹƾ޸ĳҵ辸ƵæҵĵزĿҲʲô򵥵
ڱȽϳɫļӰ֮һܲǺ˽⣬ΪһƽҲûôʣҸ˵Ŀԣһʮŵùġ
ᵽģ½ϾȻ¶һ˿ЦݣؼʱȻЦĳĺˡ
˵ȷܲ򵥣ĶѺصʱ粩ıҲʡܶ顣
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵
ǰֹؼʱ򣬵ȷҲҪһһĺʱһʲô飬ȥֲɾͺˡ
½Ҳ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵ǻģʲôҪĵطһἰʱϵȻȥϢϢɣץɭˣ˵ҲǼ򵥵顣
ǰֵʵԽԽǿˣҲøϿԼʵˣôȥĻһ϶ֱǿʵġ
վ΢΢һ˵
Ҳò֮ԺʵΪʲô̫ѵ飬ǧҪΪðն¹һ񡣡
½ҲվеĶһ䡣
˵ֱ֮˾Ĺ˾¥£¥ҵڴŴļ
ԴӾ˾֮Ҳʼæµÿ춼ҪĹ˾漰ĶڷɱǱߵѵص飬ҵϵǺܶࡣ
ʹôһЩҵҲ֪ʵѣȻҪ֪˹˾϶Զġ
٣ôˣ
ŽæеıʣվЦʵ
ǶѣҲô
ЦŰ˰ֵԼһԵɳϣһߵһʵûʲô⣿
ûʲô̫⣬ٵĹϵǵǳãټǰʱ֣ƷɺͰһսǳķḻʵսҲǿһ˺ܶˡ
ЦЦݵļ˵һ˺ʹöû˿ʲôùֻǼ򵥵Сԣеķڷ
˶ߣǸƷǸսţͲˣܲսǿڼⷽ棬϶ܵʹãҲǺܿµġ
Цŵ˵ͷһڲˮ
ʵֻս棬ҲһЩˣǵڳ˵һǷǳ˼ġ
пĵ˵ͷгĿһۣ֪ǴЩ
ǺʵλãǵʵķӣΪĹӦøɵ飬飬ָܹģ;ָܷȥҪʲôԼԶ֡
˵˵
ˣ٣ǰھڽУûдĸʹãʱðһ֮ѡһЩóԱ
ػصȻǲֹһοǹ⡣


348 Z֯
ҲԣЩҪ鷳ˡ
ĻҲúеҲܼһʱʱðúõļһܰ˲ŵļƻƹȥ
̸ʱ򣬰칫ֽһˣѾæƷɣʱЦ
ʲô磬ôĻBOSSˣ
ɳ£ƷЦʵ
Ǳߵˣûʲô⣬ãиҪһ¡
ƷɽҲЦ˵
Ŷʲô⣿
Ʒɵһ裬һʵ
ŷ޴˺֪ܶ꣬û˵King֯Kingˣ
ֱʵ
KingôǺ֯ˣ
֣Ʒɶʱüͷ
ţϴƻһڰӣĻǣKing֯˵ŷǸǳأҲǳ˲õ֯ǾϢҲղǵĺܶ࣬Բ뵽㡣
˵ͷŰ˵һ顣
King֯ŷ޵ʵȷǷǳĲǰǸ֯ͺգǱҲǲ˺ܶ࣬ĵ֯Ѿƿŷ磬ʵǿĿ¡
Ʒɫصĵ˵ͷǺǳ˹ϵе鷳ˣҶKing֯Ҳֻţ֪ϸϢKingˣҸֻ˵ֶѣûʲô˽⡣
ֻİ취ˡ
̾˿΢΢ҡҡͷ
ҪҹKing֯ϢĻҵһ·
Ʒü˼һͻȻ˵
Ŷʲô·
ϲ̧ͷʵ
֪û˵һֺܼ֯򵥣ͽZ
ƷûֱӻصǷʵ
ûУҴû˵֯
ҡҡͷ֯ȷʵû˵һԵҲһͷˮȻû˵֯ˡ
Z֯ȻʵǿģҪϢ̶ȣȴȫеĵһҪһKing֯ϢֻZ֯æˡ
ҵǣ
ƷɵĻûʲôɣ̾׷ʵ
ҲZ֯ķֲҲʶͷˣȥһѰæС
Ʒ˵
ã²˳٣߰ɡ
Ҳվûκεĳɵ뿪˰칫ҡ
Ʒɣ˳Ʒɵָһ·һԢ¥֮Ʒɴһ绰һĹһķǳʱеŮӴӹԢ¥˳ֱͺա
һϳͲŮϵϢǳԣŷ˵ѪͳһͷĺɫȻȾ˵Ҳв˵ѪͳһѪˡ
ޱޱҺܺõѣе鷳ҪZ֯˽ͷһ£Ǵ̽һϢ֪ܷܲ·
ȵǸŮһϳƷתͷʵ
·Ȼû⣬ŵù㣬ҵǾҪʲôϾZֵ֯Ĵۿɲһ㣬ʱˡ
ޱޱһЦһ˵
һKing֯Ϣ֪ޱޱСܴܲ·
ŤͷһЦ¶һѩݡ
King֯
֣ޱޱķӦƷһ̾üͷȻ֯ʵ֪˶мɵ
King֪֯Z֯ûйǵϢ
ܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ˵
Ϣǿ϶еģKing֯Ϣ۸϶ǳĸ߰Ҫ׼òС
ޱޱһŵ˵ͷ
ûϵǮ⣬ֻҪϢС
Цͺշһ뿪˹Ԣ¥ſڡ
ޱޱҲûʲô̫ĵɫϾͺչѾ˵۵λһˣ۸ȻҲǺںġ
һ۵Ľ˳ʯ·һֱߵһҲ۵СưɣдһԲεľϣˡ
ޱޱֱǰƿţ谵ĵƹһӱ䰵һ˵ľưûһһҿ쵹յĵ꣬ԡ
ˡ
ޱޱֱߵ˰̨ǰһſƬڴľƱǰƱӣѾͺͷľ⡣
Щǣ
Ʊ۾ϵĿƬϸıһֿޱޱƷɺʵ
Ҵѡ
ޱޱ˰˰֣赭д˵
Уǽȥɣ
Ʊ·һťᰴһ£ľƹ߷˿¶˺һţһʪķ洵˳Щζ
߰ɡ
ޱޱ˵ͷʾһ£һ̽ڵͨڣڲ֪·ֻܽޱޱ첽ǰȥ̾ʹŹرյŲʱ֪ͷͨڡ
ҾưﲢûпˣղڼﶼܵϢƺиִڡ
ֱͨŻ˵ԼĲ²⡣
ȷûǶǱǰŵZ֯ˡ
ޱޱ˵߼ǰ
Z֯ȻǺСģһͷĵطҪô֡
˵ͷ˵
ȻģZ֯һ鱨ֵ֯ǵ鱨ôܲСıأ
ޱޱЦ˵
ޱޱδ䣬˾ͨĻĿĹâ˲˵˫ۣչǰһĵ¾ưɡ
صĵ¾ưɣ͸ղľȻͬӿȺĿˣ͵Ĺչһֺ
Ŀĵء
˴ԽӵȺޱޱ˰̨ǰڸ̳˿ڡ
ޱޱС㣬ôп
һݵ˹ľƱޱޱòһЦ
ޱޱС϶ʲô򵥵顣
һҲЦŴкޱޱﻹӵ߲͵
û´ĻЩ˽鱨ĵطˡ
¸մкˣЩ˵оʮ־ϢȻһȻʵôǿռ鱨ֹʱ򲢲Ҫǿʵ
Ƕ鱨׵֮һΪ˱ҵİȫаȫҲǱȽܵģûҵı֤޷ġ
˸΢΢һƣ˿
ޱޱСҲһеİɣ
ЦȤĴΧˣǵһθܵʱЩ档
ҲһеģʱҲռһЩ鱨ѡһЩмֵZ֯е鱨൱߰ļ۸Z֯ǮȻǰ鱨мֵС
ޱޱһںƣһЦ
̫ˣӦòֶˡ
ĵ˵ͷ
һ˲õĿ˰ޱޱ
ľƱ˵ĶԻĿһޱޱЦ˵


349 籩
ܵĵ¾ưʹһӵľƱʵҲСǰϸ޲űӵľƱʵԸͨĶʮ󺺣һⶼûС
ˣϣ
ޱޱЦź;Ʊ˸кӦûǱȽӡ
ȤĴϵˣ߸ߵĸӣֵĻڴԵϼ룬ȻϰذһĽսЭȣⷽӦò͡
ޱޱС㣬ιʲôô
Ͻɾ˵ıӵݸƷɣһˬˮ󻹼ȥſޱޱЦʵ
ϣǹҪһЩKing֯鱨֪ûµϢ
ޱޱҲӣЩ鱨ˣ湴ĶǵĻȡ鱨ǵѾƣˣ֮󣬽ôֱӣѾ鱨ԱһĵǱ
ʩչκεֶΣȫûô˼ҶֱֱȥҪôͳ۸Ҫôֱˡ
ˣһЩСһ˷֣ôӴ鱨ȦҲûȥʸû˻Ը鱨˴򽻵
King֯
ϲӵͻȻͣޱޱĿ͸¶һ˿ɻ
ﳣȻKing֯ķɲһܹǵĵǵĴӪŷޣҪʰһˣҲһҵ㡣
King֯û
ޱޱһںƣЦ
һеˣֻҪ˵King֯ģû˲King֯ȻЩû˵ľͲ˵ˣҲ֪ô⡣
ǰϾ֪King֯ϸһˣKing֯ʵĿ£Ȼ˸ҴKing֯飬ЩԾ
Щ̸ˣҲͣ˺Ⱦ飬תͷȵĿһҲܺ棬ҴKing֯ˣǺηʥ
ΪʲôҶôȣ
һЦһԵƷʵ
֪Ҳ뿴ĸɵñȥKing֯ùͷ
ƷҡҡͷЦźһˮ
λҪKing֯飿
Ϸеϸ޲ʵ
ȷңûйKing֯鱨ֻҪеĻ۶ټ۸ͨͨ
˵ͷЦ˵
鱨ȻеģҪʲô鱨Z֯ܰҵֻǿܲܳ۸ˡ
ҡҡͷϵıӲKing֯Σգ鱨ûмҽӽȻȻKing֯鱨۸ĺܹ󡣡
King֯鱨
Ȥʵ
ȻˣKing֯ӵôǿʵǵĶȻҲǺܶģǵ鱨Ҳ֡
Ȼ˵
ţȷе
˵ͷͬӡ
ǰкܶ鱨˵ģѾһȺӢԱˣԶҲˣȡ鱨ĹȻɣʵԶͨеҪΣյĶࡣ
΢΢̾˿King֯һǷ֣˼ɵ˵ǾԲŹκҪǵˡ
ô֪King֯鱨𣿡
üͷ΢Ҳ֪һ֯ۻǺٵģҪһո˵ĸּ֣ܴУͳһ㼫߼ֵ鱨
Ȼˣ鱨˵УԶȱ֣֮ǰĸֲˣߵУһģڻڸKing֯˵Уһþ
Ц˵
Ŷô鷳һˡ
ҲЦŵ˵ͷ˵
ȴûм˵ôЦżžƱʱֵĿһƷɣƷҲ֪ʲôŤͷһԵޱޱ
ֻޱޱɫӰһ֧ƱһŶʮ֧Ʊ˺ݸ˰ϣҲһ֧ƱϵĽֱս˿ڴ
ƷŻȻ˹ԭǹ鱨ҪǮѯʵʱҲҪǮģ˭ֻ֪ĿĵĴйˡ
ӵķһ߸׳׳ļһɫţп㣬ɫпǸˣˡ
ָָӵķһĴŴڵĺơƣǰż϶СʳһԵ񫡣
˭
һֻۣһۣѾȷһ֣һһ򵥵ĸ֣Ѿ֮磬ǸΣҲԶ֮ͬˡ
Ҳ֪鱨ˣ󲿷ֶǲģҼţǸ˵Ž籩ƢǺܼģ鱨ɲҪѹۡ
ϸӣ˵ƺѷ籩һ㣬˵ļ۸һڼۣܱ˵ۣҪôҪô͹ô򵥣ֻܸôˡ
һ˵꣬϶գգۣ뿪ˡ
ˣȻۣͦ˼ġ
Ʒɿŷ籩ıӰҲ¶һ˿Ȥɫ
һˣʵҲЩȻǺԣѭ򽥽飬ʵĽսϣҲеһ֡
ǿ籩ıӰƷɾѾԼо˵Ĳ򵥣ȻһŵԤֵʵҲֲ֪Ǹǵ
ߣȥɡ
ֺһˮ籩˹ȥƷɺޱޱǽվһ˹ȥ
˷籩ߣŷ֣籩ȻǸмˣǺмԶץģһֱķһԡ
ֻǿһۣ֪Ǽ֫ȴַȼߵļ֫ʲô쳣ʹȴǷǳ
ҲڱŻеϢ֪ôһʹõȽײ죬ԽӲϵͳǳķ㡣
֫ļֵǳľ޴󣬲ٲ˽Ѿûʲôˣ֫ȫԵһֻʹãҪеļ۸ҲǸСĿͨȴ
ܹôļ֫籩ȷ׬˲Ǯ
ҪKing֯鱨
˸ߵߣûü˵籩ֱһ˱еơƣͷҲصʵ
Ҫֻҹһ˶ѡ
Цŵ˵ͷ˵
ŻҪ𣿡
籩ĻͷһۣղơƵʱ򣬾Ѿ˰Ǳ˵Ļ֪˹King֯鱨Ҳ͵ĺžƣĵˡ
԰ͷ̫ȫŲıڣ˸ҳţڼҰȵĴűȽϺá
Ц˵
ڣʵܲ
籩һվߵƷɣĵ˵ͷ
Ϣʵ̫ˣʹԷ籩ʵûпȻҲһӣϵļҲʮֵ¸ȻһʵǿĿµˡ


350 
ʵҲǿ鱨һУҲûиִڵġ
ƷɾĿŷ籩˵
籩Ȼһǳķ׳ʵȴ׼ӣе˹ģûôˡ
Ǻǣ΢ĩʵǸֵĻҲᱻ˷ϵһֻˡ
籩ԳһЦԼֵһơƣͷȥҪKing֯鱨
ȻȻΪʲôҪѲѰĵģ
϶ĵ˵ͷ
ãKing֯鱨ʮڡ
籩Ҳīֱӿ˵
ûƷɷӦһԵޱޱѾĽ籩㲻ڿЦɣʮڣֻһϢѣõſּ۸𣿲Ҫѱ˵Ӱ
Ǻǣҷ籩ЦʮھʮڣһǮҲġ
籩ҡҡͷû˿Цɫ
ʮڵĻҲǲС
üͷҪóʮڵǮе鷳ģϾڰңʲôҪǮƵĻʮȻСǮȥڵġ
ֻһԸʲôڵľˣûǸй򡣡
籩ֿ˵û˿ͨڵĿܣ͸ղŵľƱ˵һۣ򣬲͹ûһ㻹۵ء
һ˼ı飬籩һûʲô˵΢΢һЦ˿ھƵôһòôǮ
Ҳ㣬ҵĹ˾ҪǮĵطҲܶ࣬ȷһʱ鲻ôֽ
˵ͷ󷽵ĳϵ
ĻôһַװɣҲҪǮҪӦһ£ɹˣʮھˣҿԸKing֯Ϣ
һ£
üͷ΢΢һܹʮֽ飬Ȼʲô򵥵飬пַǳ鷳˿ܻӰ顣
ͷֱܹӳʮڣԥǮ֧Ͼ˵Ľ׷ʽûκεĸã׽ˣҵĹϵҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
òôǮҲֻԷʲôҪæȥˡ
һ¶ѣֻҪܹɹʮڡ
籩˵ͷͷһھơ
֪ɲ˵
˼һʵ
ȻԣаյĻȥԿ
һŲ϶籩ֵҪȥԸһˣǸǸĸֻ֣־Ǳ˵ģܹӮǼһҾͰKing֯Ϣ㡣
˼ǣֻҪӮǸˣͻϢKing֯Ϣң
һ䡣
ô򵥡
籩϶ĵ˵ͷ
Ǹʲôĸ֣Ȼ鱨һУԼҲǸӣؿ϶֪ҲǷֵȼģʲôֲľ֣ȥ
΢΢һЦһ䡣
ȻȥȻǲȥģ֪ҲзֵȼǸֵʵֻļߵĳ̶ȣҲ൱ڻĸнĸ֡
籩ͷ˵ЩĿһΪΪһˣȻҲ֪֮е飬ӦǱǸڸġ
ԼҲǽĸ֣ǸֻǷһֻ֣طȴûʲô˺ۣӦʵ߳ǡ
˷籩ĻʱһЦ
ôģ
籩һ⻰žƱֶʱ˽Ʊ̷һ֨ѽƺϾҪһ
Ҫôţһ㣬ǲǳģҪ֪King֯Ϣ
º͵һЦİ˰ֵ֪ͬһĸ֣ʵϵĲҲرģһںڵľ磬ֵĸԡ
ⷬ籩žƱֶʱ˿תͷһۿ͸һ˿ɻ;ȣð֮˵û뵽Ȼˣĸ֣
ֲҵֻǻԵɺϣĿһЩˣҿԴӦҪ˵Ǹ֣ҲͦȤġ
ҡͷһЦ˵
ãʵҪԸǸ˿»пܳɹʹȥֻҪܻҾͽ֪йKing֯鶼㣡
ƿǰıӣ籩ֱץǰľƿͷһ˹˵ĹȥĨĨ󷢳һĸпߣҴȥ
û˵ֻЦŵ˵ͷ˸ڷ籩뿪ˡ
Թԣη籩Ҫʲô˲ˣղžȻʮڣⱲ鱨ϲǼһһͷ
ڷ籩뿪֮󣬾ưը˹ȻղżСưҲȽϳ֣Щ˶ռ鱨һѺ֣˭ûôһ־
ô˱ȱȽǣֻҪ˵ĿͣܰѶԻݲµİ˾Ųʮ
ؼǺĻע⵽ûǸ˷籩һֵֻˣȻֵ÷籩ʮȥ˶Ըǵһĸ֣
һҲп
ֵʮڵĴ֣Ҳһ㼶İɣҿǸ˿϶Ҳ򵥣ûղŷ籩еĹâϵˡ
һߵĴģˣͷЦ
ǰּĸ֣Ͳ֪ȥˣôҵˣƾ籩ĵλҵˣֺαصȵڡ
֮ǰ˵ǸЦ˵
ҲǣεˣҪռKing֯ϢҲӦ籩ģϾȶдҲǺΣյģһСģпܰ
ԽԽ˲κ˽׷Ÿղŷ籩̸飬һз籩˶֪ʱѾͺգ뿪ˡ
˵ôĸ֣ƽʱס
һ㿪һʵ
ƽʱƽһԺһֱһסҴûļˣƺֻһһ
ںķ籩ҡҡͷ
⵹Щϡˣһ֣ΪʲôҪһסôƫƧĵط
ѽĿ˵Ƿ籩һɻ顣
ҲǺְҵıǼҸúõļһ֮ãûзκ쳣Ķ
籩ҡҡͷ˵
Ҳûʲôϡİɣ˵ֶϲôһסƫƧĵطҲûʲôͲȥİ
ƷֵĿʵ
Ѿһˣǰиɽ֣ڵĸֶǱŵģĻԽԽˣûĸܿԼһ˵ʮľ硣
ҡҡͷ˱϶ʲô飬Ȼһסֵطģˣ籩ôֵģһֻ֣
Ǽ˵Ҳֻһɺϣģִһʱ򣬵ǼùĳѻˣԲĳ֡
籩̾˿˴⣬ƺô˵⡣


351 ص
ô˵Ļ֮䣬Ҳûʲôˣ
˵ͷ
Ǹռ鱨ѻ˿ӰҲǺܴ󣬷Ͳֻһֻ֣Ǹȡҵ˰ɣ
ԳһЦ籩ͷ˵
ҲǸʲôˣһֻ֣˺ҲͦģϾҲǳģʧȥһֻ֣ʵ϶ܵһ̶ȵӰ졣
ƷҲЩп̾˿
Ӱ϶еģȥ˼ʱ䣬Ѿϰˣ֫ҲƼģװȥ֮ȻܺȫһģһҲѾϰˡ
֣籩ȭͷһ΢ĹؽĦ
Ҳ䣬óǸʹõһ书𣿡
ĻʱĬҶ£˺һֿʵ
ʱҵٶʵ̫ˣ쵽Ҹûʲôӳأֱӱһֻ֣Ϊҹ֣ѡҵ֡
籩ҡҡͷֿǸһ̵ĽѵȴֲܵԵĴ˼ҿô飬ҾȻӳʱ䶼ûУǷ̰
ûʲôʵϲ̫ĻǺǸ˻ˣĹҪɱĻ˷ʲôʱ䡣
˵ͷ˵
ڼ˵ĹͺѾƽȥԺ󣬶ڵĸ¥𽥵ʧˣȡ֮·ߵͰ¥ƽΧʱԼƬũ泤͵߲˺͸ũ
ǰǸ·תȥһԺӣǸ˵ס
˴ʮӺ󣬷籩ָ˷
һֱڼ֣
ƷͻȻʶһ⣬籩־סĵطһֱڼӣȻ֪ôϸ
ҵ߷ֲҪԭΪˡ
籩˵ͷֱӳϵ
仰ʱ䣬ĳѾǸԺӵͣ˲Ÿո³Ժʹ
ԭ㣬һΪ˭ҪôôˣҪ𣿡
һƽԺﻺ͸˳̺һصħ֮ʮֵȫģ᲻һ㾫
˼Ȼ
űϼ˷׷׺һÿ˶һصӣֶԼͬɢĲȻڵֵԷ
һ仰ҲǴֻһ仰Ĺ׵߽˶ԷĹ̾ͱƽ˿
ԭиּ٣˲ԶӭѲҪ
Ժִһ仰ԺӵĴ֨ѽһ˿ſȴûһ˿ţԵЩ졣
ȴûо֣ղоһ΢ĲϣȻԺӵ˴ţֻǲٿһ㼼ɶѡ
ߣǽȥɣ
תͷһЦɫص˵ͷ߽ԺӵĴš
Եȣͳ
ԺһˣǴﴫģһĹͳһˣͷһ򵥵ԺϴŵҲͨĻҲ·ʮֵļӡ
棬еĳˣһľߣֱߵԺľԣһһں֮󣬲ת˵λɣ
ǲȲģ
籩ĿˣԵı仯
֪㲻ȲģҲ֪ˣʮСʱļңҵģͱҽˡ
˿һ۷籩΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
ƷһһȻ˵飬һֲ֣ΧڸټҲ˵ʲôĸ֣һֵпǷǳµġ
֪Щ㣬Ҳû㣬ֻ֪Ķܹʱҵˡ
籩ƽ˵
ǼѾȥ˼꣬Ϊʲôֱҵ
˵ϢʮֵƽͣʹţҲû˿ŭӣƺѣȺȲ죬ʲôѰĳҡ
Ȼ緢ʱ㣬ʵϢһֻ֣Ĵˣ־谭
飬籩жʱһ˿Ѫ˿⼸ҵ书û˿Ľֲܹ˲Ѿˣܣ룬ҵʵдˡ
ԭһĻ൱Ӱ죬ƾڵʵҪҵĻֻǳ˵ΰˡ
Ȼ˵Ļ˲ûп籩˼ֻƽ˵һʵˡ
Ҳ˵ֻ˳ֽѵһ£Ƕ˵ɵӰȴ൱ģЩÿһۣҾͻ뵽Ǹûа취
籩ҲƽٴμˣͻȻԼ鲢ûеôԽˣܻ㣬ôһȥѰңֱҵǸܹΪֹ
ΪʲôԼأ
˵ʵ
Ϊ֪ⱲǲܻˣԲŻȥұæ
籩ҡҡͷ
뷨ôⱲӵȷǲٻˣһǿߣûһǿģ·ѾΪֹˣϣܹҵкܶ࣬Ѿ֮ˡ
Ҳҡͷ˵һ˿źʧȥһųΪǿߵģδѾû˱
ǺǣҲǰɣҲҪۿܣʰǿҪΪǿߵļᶨġ
籩һ˿â
Ҳ֮ĶԹˣʵ˵ˣ֮䲢ûʲô̫Ĺڣֻ˳ֽѵһ·籩ȴ籩ӰӰӴ˲ڼǰ
һ˵µ˺ģߴ˺ҪԶԶĳ˺ǿܻһ˴Ӵʧȥ־֮·ʹ˶Ͼ
µķ籩⣬׻ܵʼԼܲܳΪһǿߣʧȥ˵ֻȥұԼħϡ
Ԥ룬ܻˣô˸籩µӡԾǸ޿ƥеλ˿Ķҡ籩ɻ޷
ˣ˰ɣ
ûټϾȥǿһʵ
˿͸ϵϢʱһͣ㵱껹ҪĶ֪࣬㾿ܻܲأ
籩˵ͷһŻ˵һɣ磬ġ
ҳϣҲһȥ㵱ʱʵֱ֮𣬻仰˵Ǹһ֮ϡ
˿˵


352 ̽
˵ʲô
˵һ仰÷籩ĺȻ伱Ҳһ˿Ѫ˿ȻǸѵֱ죬Ȼġ
ĺˣӲɽҲûлΪһֵġ
Ŀһ۷籩ᴩŴķ籩תͷһԵ˻ûж꣬û뵽Ȼῡܣ֪ΪʲôҪ
ȻΪ鱨籩ļ۸̫ˣҪõĻҪʮڣҿһòôǮڷ籩һѡ񣬾ǻ㣬ôͿȥʮڵİۡ
һЦһ۷籩˵
ʮڣ벻ҾȻԻȡ˾޴ĲƸһԼеˡ
һƽı飬ǿĵӡ
ԣҸдһʤһаʽĻͿʡһǮӮĻҲûʲôʧ͵ʶˡ
˵ǰһʾһԵƷɺޱޱˡ
ҲãҲʶʶڵˣѾʲôزǲѾҪ׷Щϼһ
Ҳûʲôϻ֪һսǲɱģ籩Ѿˣֳʤ籩ǾԲܾô뿪ġ
е
΢Цŵ˵ͷֱȭһ񣬡룡
룡
˵һ˿ɫڵˣ书ǿĻ˶ˣȷѾټˣ󲿷ֵˣеʵβͶѾ̵ȥˣ޲ñǿȥˡ
꿡ܣʵǿȴڣӦǾ仰ƿƿҡԽĻۣԽֳһ˵ʡ
ʸ˵ĸоϵһ㣬ײβϢǿȴ׽ƺǰƺԶߡ
һֱ˵һɲǼˣڸղţ˵һ˿Ȼˣǰ񣬲֪Էʵǿη壬ǳʧ
ǲܶԷʲôԭŹᣬ˵ʵǿΪԣڲ֮䣬ܹסռȡϷ磬ǾԲŹġ
΢һѾʧԭأһ̾Ѿ˵ǰһƳƮƮûʲôľȴǴͷһƮɣԼ仹΢
ʮƣ
˵ٶһ̻صʵǰ̳һֻСơ
˿ֻһ˹ȥѣ˵Уȴһ˹ȥӹΣ⣬һľ磬ǿʹ书εġ
ȷѣҲţһ㣬˿ϰȴƽŲһξ룬·ʼ˵ĹͷֱӶһôƽеλ˳ȥ
ϰһ̶̣֮ӵֱӴǧһ֮ʵסϮ֡
ཻһǿľʱɢ˿˶ûʹȫ֣ĻҪӵʱ䣬ԺӾͻᱻ˲һɶЧ֮ߣרҵĲǨӶϲǡ
˶֮ʱɢҲվԱߵķ籩ԶԶ˵Ժſڣнֵٶȼ죬˵һ⣬˵ĶѾʼ˲׽ļޡ
ǿʵ
ǰζӰ籩˵˼֫Ҳս
˵ʵȷǿ벻ȻԺôãȻǴУû뵽ֵطȻһĸ֣̫ˣ
ƷһҲǿüֱ˵ĸƣֱ仰˼
һԵޱޱʵƷɺͷ籩˺üУеѾȫʧˣκεĶֻдžžȭཻԼΧĴ
鱨˵ְҵԣϸĹ۲Ժӵÿһ䣬ҪʲôͬѰĵطϧ˰죬һѰͨԺûκε
ʹ죡
еһĴЦѾܾöûȫˣֳĸоеԵ˷ܣڵѾȫԾ
ֵڣֻ˽ʮƶԵжѣʹõ书Ȼ·ǿԿ϶һŵȼ͵书Ȼڽʮ»û¶˿İܼ
˵Ϊ࣬ʱȵľ书ĵȼԼսˣǽ˼ӣ˵书ȼҲͣȻĻҪ׵չһѧˡ
뵽ܵĿʱԱ˹ɲǼͳ֮ԣͻת˶ʱһԵɫ
ڼٵսУлԵ书˺еѺͿ£һֲͬԵ书ͻֳͻܹˣѾǺܿµˡ
⣬һսɵлԣⲻǺڴ򶷣Ѱһлͬĸ֮ʱս˲ת
ı仯Ըʵ׵һȻֱΪߵʵΪģսҲǺܹؼһ֡
ʷʤǿӱȱȽǣΪĸߵͳǲ༫󣬷򲢲һܹʲôս˵ΪҪԲ˸ֵȼ书
ԽǸߵȼ书ҲζսпԷӳǿԽսǸߵȼ书֮
ǰսʹлԵ书һżΪµѧΪϾʵ̫ˣԸؾѧ
˵Ҳȥ᲻ԼѧĻ֪ûȥһ֮Ķ֣ܹӵǿԡ
˵ʵͣܰһ书öѾʮѵõˣ˵ȥһ书ˣߵȼľѧΣҲһ㡣
ʱ٣лԺ󣬹ķʽ̳˼ķһʼǿͽ֮ĹշתŲ䣬֮ľܲ
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ֻʮеĹ˾Ȼϳʩչ书ʶǲȻϳʮֺ书ǵֶǴʵеߣȴǺܹۼʩչǵˡ
ⲻһžѧҴû˵һžѧں˽ʮƺͻƣƷһᣬһգû˵˿ͬʱġ
һߵֵĹһɫص˵ôĻлķԼģȻѾӦսУѾʮַ


353 ɴ洢
ַȷԴһžѧҲǽžѧİǰ˵ǻۻǱҪ𾴵ģҲԼûǰ˵İҲ벻
󷽵ĳϵ˵ȷʵʵ
ʵûмתƺ̫ȭŶ书ҲһлԵķϾԽȻ෴书ǲܾô˷õʵġ
˶תƺ̫ȭر֮󣬶лԵķȴ˼İ̶̵ʱھͨžѧлԵķ
ϸ˵лԵķ̫ȭԴģһ¾̫ȭ˶û뵽Ȼ˿֮ķ
ԹȻˣͲ书̶ֳȣԴѧĳΣһñˣĳʰ·磡
̾˿֮󣬹ϵĺ˿
Ѿʧȥս⣬Ҳûбƽͬһ˿վƷɼ˵ǰ
Ȼˣ
籩ŵĿʵ
İȷʵǷǳҲ䣬Ҳֻ֧һУһкұذɡ
ƽĵ˵ͷʧܣ˵ƺûʲôӰ죬ҺλСֵܲûʲôڣûҪĵһʱ޷ֳʲôƽ޹ʶһУҲǼ仮ġ
벻ǿˣҲһ졣
籩һ˿⡣
ڳĲ㣬Ϊһֵıر֮һһܽԼʧܵˣкķΪʤ
˾Ŀŷ籩û˿Ĳʧܣǽ֮ǰıҪ
η籩û˵ôֱֱĿˣƺĻһЩвʱһ˿㯺ƺ⼸ĵʱ⣬Եĸе˲
ǲʺˡ
һ۷籩תͷ˵
ȷлᣬٵŰݷã͵Ϊֹɣ
Цŵͷʾһ뿪ԺӣҲ˳ֱͺպűһСڵ㣬ת߽ԺӣڵˣѾµ̶ֳ𣿡
һƵ̾ϢԺԺٶȻָƽֻľ϶ײߣƺڸǣղ﷢ĲͬѰһĻ
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Ȼҷ籩˵ĻһĭһԲκεķڣȻѾ׿ڳԼˣôҵԼȻҲЧģЩռKing֯鱨ڻ﷢չľݵ㡣
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ȫ棬ЩϢļֵԲʮڣȻҪôȥˣ䵽һͨ˵УЩ鱨û䱾ļֵ
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˵ͷ籩˼ףͬ鱨䵽һʵ˶УԸ鱨ӦĴʩԼĿģ䵽һͨ˵ĶУǾȫûˡ
ΪͨûǸʵȥԼҪ飬֪ʲôҲûа취ֻһ֮ȫӲ鱨á
صһط籩ޱޱһ³ȥˣƷɰѳ˾˾¥£³֮û׼һ𵽹˾¥ȥ
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˼ʻң˳ţոշͺգͻȻ˳ˣǸޱޱһȱɣֱӴӾ֧ȡϾ˼Ҳôæ
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ԭڵ豸ȻҲȽʮֵ㣬ǲܳ׵ķӳҵȥ²ɹһﳹ׵ĸһҵʩչ
򵥵ĽһǰͷĹܡ
ܺãֻҪǶа飬Էȥʲô鷳Ļֱҡ
ĵ˵ͷʵúˣԻüİһӹɵġ
Ǹᾧ̽ǣһҪһʱо漰ļǳĸӣڼϣ˴ˣҲǷֹһżйĿܡ
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ӹоƬһۣ֪̾оƬֵĿһۡ
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ӢһλǳܳĿѧңһоĴ洢оƬģûȫĳ죬ʱʼߣһֵּΪĴ洢ϡ
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̾ĿһöоƬ书ȻʮֵͬҲкܶĶЩ˵ĿƼǱʮֺѧ̬ȡ
ֿɴ洢壬رĻĴ洢ڿͨһķмܣܵ㷨֮ӣųԶ޷ƽ⡣
˵ͷĿеĿϴ洢壬츳ѾЩ
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Ȼǣϲ޷ƽ룬κɶǿǿвģֻǿɴ洢ļ㷨֮ӣȽļҲûϳʱ䣬ܽ롣
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Ⱦ뵽⣬оƬǹͺͺһͭƬӣһЩɫ·ȫͨĵܹȡӡ
Ҫܶȡ˵Ҫô鷳
˵ͷץоƬָͻȻһ˿ɫ⡣


354 ȡ鱨
Ŷܵʹãɫĵ𽥵ĸ˿ɴ洢ƬССоƬɫ·Ҳʼӿ˿˿ϸ΢ĵ⡣
ȻⶼĿһ˻濴ʲô仯ϾоƬʵ̫Сˣָֻ׸ô·飬ʲô
ɫĵ⸲оƬпʼƵ˿˿⣬Щӣ֪ǶڶȡоƬд洢ݡ
Լʮӣܣȫʧ
֣оƬȻûмܣ⵹ͦģŪɴ洢ˣȻ᲻мܣ
üͷȻȡݵ˳ҲЩ⡣
Ҳ̫оƬǽùġ
Ҳ֪ô£ӷ籩õоƬֱӻˣǸʱ֪оƬȻôĶ
Ѿȫȡˣ˵ͦ󵨵ģȻȥռKing֯鱨ҿݵݣKing֯Ѿһˡ
˵ͷûм⣬ϾһĶʶҲǰʣȡϢȫʾ˴ĻϣϸĿ
ЩϢԽԽǾȣû뵽King֯ŷ޾ȻһȻ˵ܶСҵȨѾεĿǵС
ŷ˵ĳڱٿأͳһŷ޸ĻңдŷԪٿؾúȨȫŷŪڹ֮䡣
ӷ籩ռ鱨King֯ĳѾİ꣬ĳһսľӢɣķչ˽ģ
Ҵ鱨мԿڵKing֯ѾǵǸ֯ˣ֯ıиصڲٿأⲿֵѾ˷籩̽ļޣҲ˿Ĵ
ͼȥ󵨵ĳһǻûнӴĵݣѾ磬̿ٵĻص˻ģЩ׷ɱİҲڻģԲͣ
鱨Ҳ֪ˣ½֮䣬һֱŲĵĹ涨һЩǲԽ磬ͻܵȺ׷ɱ籩Ǹˡ
˵籩ΪЭűסһΪˣܻ˻ģҲ޷Щ˵׷ɱ
ڷ籩Ǹ׷ɱߵôôǺڰС˵еѪôãȻҲ˵ѪĴ˵ûִ
ڴ˵УѪһ־⣬ںڰеаʳѪӵǿȻһ㣬Ȼ֮Աǵġ
ߣҲ÷ɽܻ֮½ΪٸԪƣһղһữһg
һϵĵͼǲܻģȫ޻̸֮ΪûѪһֱΪⲻŷ޵񻰰ˡ
Ǵӷ籩ص鱨Уȴпܴڵģֻһֱûнҵߣͨڣ֮У֪˶Ƿǳٵġ
һصǰѾ׵ĿKing֯ݷ籩Ʋ⣬ڵKing죬пܸͲ࣬һǿѪ
ЩϢʱȼԺͨ˵鱨С˵һ㣬֪˻ΪֻǶ׫ѣֻЩ˲֪ЩϢһ֤ʵǶôµ顣
оƬص鱨һKing֯޷չĴּ壬ͨЩ׼޵֮УȻ˰ŵҺȻҲС
鱨ļУΪڵصļȽ͸King֯ͼ͸Щ壬Ƕе˷֣˼еͽ
King֯˵һЩͨļȫûʲôģǵĿ궼Ǹصңӵǿʵļ壬仰˵Ҳӵߵļ塣
ҲӲ֤һʵǾKing֯дʵǿߣȻὫĿ׼Щ壬Щͨļ塣
һʱĳԣڻڵڵKing֯Ŀ׼˸̨أ׼طΪ͸һЩ壬Ȼڵطչ
ŵҾKing͸ˣҲһСĹңϰ䣬ڰŵҲһϾĳµĲҵ
Ȼ鱨ᵽҺϾĳǰڰŵʱϾĳϰӢǣΪ˰飬˳ͻ
ʱҵĴӣô˵ĻѾKing֯͸ˣôϾĳΪµĲҵӢҲѲ˸ϵ
ܹƹϾĳˣҲ֪ҵĸȻὫһսĲҵӢп϶ʲôΪ֪ء
ҵϢҵǸӣϾĳϰӢ
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˵ͷĻ̿ʼ˴ݣļʽ˲ѯȫͬǽεֱӶҪϢ
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ǵļطǳ٣඼ǳϯһЩƻɳϢͷҲһЩƬΣ̸֮ĶʲôõϢ඼г
ʮӵʱ䣬Ϣȫһ飬ӵĸͷʵõ˺ܴ֮ǰȫͬն
ǰһߣΪһеߣʵҲǷǳǿȻȳӵиǿһЩȽ豸޷Ӵġ
Ǹ֮ͲһˣΪո¶ͷǵǣŶ֧ĹķǳĺãЩȽ豸ֻһ绰Ĺȫȫˡ
Щ豸İԶ˵ӵһװ˵ͷԴݵĴԼĽԼҲԻϵľ޴ѹ
Щ˿ƼİʵҲõ˾޴֪ܲƳһЩС͵ĿװϾͿʵ
Զ֮ʵɵһ档
ǰЩѣһ˿ܡ
üͷһЩɵ˵
ŶΪʲô
ȤʵʵӶ˵ֻкôûлпܵĻԸ⾡һпܰ
Ϊϵöɴ洢壬Ϳһ̨΢͵豸ɴ洢ӵкܶصĹܣ洢ֻһѡ
򵥵ĽһЩ̫רҵĶ˵ҲûʲôãϾһĶҲ̫
ãҪʲôͺ˵ֻҪʵаĶӦ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ


355 Ŀ
Ļ˵ͷûдǸԴǵˣҲĺʵԴҶкôҲͲˡ
ˣ⼸ܼ粩ḽĵ·ԼʩҪصĶǸղ鱨ᵽԼӢˣֻҪ⼸˳֣֪ͨҡ
ָĻϵ鱨˵
İɣһʱ̼ظġ
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ЦŰο
ҾҪ磬ʱ侮ʯʱһôǰְֳˣ¶ﲻ˸ˡ
һĵǣСڲӳ󣬶ĿȾ֮£ڲ˽Ķ࣬Ȼսʱһ¶⣬ƽʱûµʱ򣬲ﹴĶǵҲ١
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صļЦ˵ˣʱ䲻ˣʱҲͦ۵ģȥϢɡ
ץסǰˣôˣ
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Щ˶רŵѶרȥˣûǵˣһЩɣЩͲӦõĵˡ
ҡҡͷŮǵ̫⣬Ҳͺǵڸ˹ȥ
ϴصԼķ䣬̫࣬ҲҪúõľһһ˼·©ʲôؼĵطҪľȰKing֯߻жƻ˵
һҹ֮󣬵ڶʱ򣬼ŮѾ緹ȥѧУˣڼŪһ㶫ֻ꣬ص¥ϣʼоݵ
ͨһϵ֪ʶ񲹣ǶԺоЩרҵһЩҲܴſöоˣҪһ·ݣǾȵðоϳ͸
ʱڷоЩϣȰоķȫŪ֪ʧȻԵȥĽҪ顣
һ˹ڷ˼һ֮ǰİֽд˸ҩĵ֣ϲԶһƬֽŵķֽЩʧܵҩ
УҩĸҩҺȻֵǵ򣬲ҩϡȱݵҩҲʮֺЩ׽
ɸΪ֮ԴһطˣҲƾվܱҩĳûôԭϣԴҲûõġ
һķ޸ģʱ򣬵Ϧ͸޴شȾһƬƵʱ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ڳɹˣһŬ
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λĵһߵͨʮ·ڵļط컪ӢټȫûйΪǴŴ´ҡڵĳ
ݶ֮ǰ˵һǰһȥģûһ֣ƺʲôǽףſվʮװıڣְصİתš
ѳͣԶ³ĵѡһ۵λãû˵עʱһݣֱ˳ǽϵ¥ĴһȴèʧҹɫС
ڵһ߼׼ڣڵϸϸĥϺõĿȶû󿪾ѾɢһŨӢ컪£ֻŸţ˶վ⡣
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컪ƺЩͷӣֱ˵˶Ӣ
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Ӣûдһĥȶķȥˣſ컪˵ӣͷеյϢƺڿĵǵϢ
յϢ
컪ʱһͶKing֯ȻܣһڵԼһʱ뵽ⷽ棬һ˷֣Ǽͬѹ
ϢԴʱ˵
ӢһЦȷ۵˺У˿̵ӣȻƺҵĴӲǺӡ


356 ܻ
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ʵǵµĺۼԣƺһ㣬ûĨȥЩۼԱ׵ı˷֡
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컪˵ͷ˵
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ܺãӣκε쳣ΪŹ˾粩ҷӣѾȷǵݣҪŪľǾкĿˡ
Ҷ˵绰ͺȥһ㣬һǷһϢƷɣƷɸһ£ʺִˣֻƷһˡ
˵Ҳˣ۵ĶԱʵƷɻҪһʵȻҪƷɸһߣʵսһǱȲƷɵģҶüȥ
ǱƷյĶź̾Ͷǰ컪齵ľƵꡣ
컪齵ǼƵ꣬ʮ㶼Ѿһ˰ÿһﶼҵıפȺ͹ҲбڶʮСʱֵأֱܼ֮һֱӬɲȥ
ǼƵĶ棬һĦ¥кüĹ㳡ʱⴱ¥ĳһ㣬ȴһ΢ɲżһ¡
ڴ¥ǽӵ֪ͨŸƷɣʱڴ¥һ칫ҵڣһĺɫʱѾ˿Ҳһ޴Զ
򵽵߼ͺŵԶҵĹ۲ʹãȴƷӶ治ʮ֮ľƵꡣ
߷ֱʵľͷƷ׵Ŀ֮˵ÿһϸĽʮ¥һ飬صĲƷɶһզࡣ
۲һ֮ƷִӰóһ̨ķͷСһǽĶ˵Դ֮ƷɰѶϣʼһĵԡ
һӵʱ䣬ϵСͽͻȻתһ£λö׼컪ķ䣬ϵĵƹһ΢˸λͻȻ΢һ¡
һ̣ƷɵĶͻȻ컪˵ľͷ·ǰһ㡣
ã׽ǹȻ
Ʒһ˿˷ܵɫһ¶ĴСִ֮յԶǰʼ۲˶
ж֮ǰ⽫Լװ˹ŷõƷɣڸ߿Ƽ豸Ǻǿģʵľ֮ϣǷǳڵװʵ


357 ͻ
Ʒɿʼ컪ж֮ʱҲӢסľƵ꣬Ʒɱûô߰豸ˡ
ƷȣкǿƣǾʵҪƷɸ߳ܶ࣬Ʒ޷ȥȴһġ
Ҳ̫ĻᱻӢ֣ϾܷĿĸ֣ҲطЩ˻ûʸӴǸĸ֡
Ǳʲô
ͨȫͨҵһʵļλãͳ绰ƷɣСʵ
ʱûʲô컪Ӣƺе㲻·ӰϾĳҵĲҵΪʲôϾܾȻҵĴЩϲӣ
Ʒɽ˵绰ľһͨ˵
ϣô֪ǲϣ
ЩֵʵʱֻûǱ뵽ȥҲ֪컪Ӣʲôϵ
Ҽһͨ绰Ǹ컪ıڴȥģĳƺӦǴڵļ塣
Ʒɻ˵
˵ʲô
ʵ
¼Լһ¿ɡ
Ʒ˵ڻϲһֻ˶öеֻܹͨȥ
ǰӣȵſڵıڽһŮ˴컪ķ컪˷ţһʹ
ޱĿŷţʮ֮ͳһֻߵ˲Զ̨󲦳һ롣
ү
绰һ̹ͨؽе
㣬ʲô£
绰ͷˣڵļ塣
ҺʹһڿӢͷˣ֮ǰռ鱨ӢȷѱĿܣ˵ѾKing֯˽﹵ͨˡ
ٵ˵
ô˵ӢСӵȷ׼ѱˣ

ҹ۲쵽ȷˡ
ܿ϶˵
ٺ٣СӣѶĳ֮󣬵ӵȷǱôȻҪҵ⣬Ҳ³ŻԼθ
һЦ˰㣬˵𣿰ȫ𣿡
İɣү绰ǼܵģסĵطҲȫˣûм豸ȫԿԱϣڷϢ˵ܷ㡣
㹧ػص
ܺã㣬ôˣõľ㣬ºǺҵ⣬ƻͰ֮ǰ֮һӢסһʲôѱ
̾˿ӢҲȲѵľӢĹҲ˲ٴۣڼȻҪҧһڵļҲֻʹˡ
ˣүʱһῴŰġ
̵ͷ˵
ҷģû¾ȹ˰ɣעⱣ컪İȫ
嶣һ䣬͹Ҷ˵绰
ͨƷɵĶ׽ǣ˰ͨ㻰ݣҲŲ³˵绰ݣЩҾȻѾӢò룬Ѿ˸ҡ
ִĹУҵļ׼ð㰵нӢ˵֮ìѾһֲɵ͵ĵزҶȻǲһ˲ŵġ
ܹϾĳ֮ãӢӹɵģһѾҪ˵ҾȻҪˣҲ˵µĹѾ޷ԭˡ
ȥҲֻƲһֿܣǾӢ׼Ҫλˣ仰˵ҲҪռȵ׼ıȡҵλãֻһҺԥķһõ˲š
˼һ߼ӢʱƷɵͻȻִ˹
컪
ƷɵԵЩԾ
ôʲô
ֵʵ
ղžƵ¥ͣһһźɫˣ˸ղҲûע⣬ֱӾȥ˶ʮ¥һݾɱ˺üڣڶʮ¥Ѿˣ
Ʒɽղſٵ˵һ顣
ô
ʱɻжûʼѵⲨ˾Ѿʼڧˣ
Ҳ֪ǸɫˣƺרΪ컪ģҲ֪컪סһ䣬ڸסڻڿͻС
˴룬Աӵķ伯ϡ
ڶౣڵĶͬʱһ仰˶˷ţ̱ӵ
½⿪ǹĻɷǳصĺǹıҲûаǹֻŹӾͳȥе뷨ܼ򵥣ôѵԸһˣ
ʵܲпᣬͻȻֵɫµӣֲһ˵ãմӵʱǿֻɱ˼ڣһšӾͽ˶֡
ǰӵıڣ͵һչ£¶ŵѶ̵ʽִʿʹõ̫˫͵İγ̫̼תǰıȺС
ûйĽ֣ӵÿһ˱ڵҪ֮У˫·֮䣬ɱ¾ЧʾȻߵľˣ̶̵Ĳһӵʱ䣬ͽһͷıȫˡ
һ˵ıɫ䣬֪˲һˣֿ»˼Ьм̰γǹ֧ʱҲ˲ʲôӰ첻Ӱˡ
ҪҵĴʲô飬ҲͲûȥˣصҵ³±滹Ҫҡ
ӵͷڵϣһĻȣ͵ķѾŵذɿĳһߵıȺ;̫ϵĻŵ棬ĸıĽǶȡ
΢ļ¸ĶЧȴǳľˣоյıܿǼڿǹӵӾڵһ˱ȺС
û˿ı仯֮ͬǰһߵıȺҲ׾ٵȫˣվֱӣ˦˦̫ϲѪ󽫵Ĳ˵С
һɫ磬̫̲˿Яļ
ߣӢһ⼸ʱ䶼ѾȲ𣿣
컪ķﴫһߣ󷿼Ŵ˿ֻһڿ컪˳ĴϣһŮſڴһŤһĽǶȡ
ӣıѾȫˡ
컪ߵ󣬹Ĺ˵
֪ˣȺģҿûϣǵϡ
컪˵ͷʼ·մõʱ򣬷űһ˿Ǹźɫµӻ˽
컪
۾ڷתһȦӵ컪۴Ǹ濴Ҳһ幫Ӹģ
Ҿ컪ҪɱңȻҵӶ֪
컪һ˿΢Ц
ʱӵ֮ǰ֪˭ֻ֪ҪɱһŰĹӸ磬ڿûˣ
ͬ¶һ˿ЦݣЦȴǴѪȺͲ̡


358 ʿ
Ժӣ컪û̫ţҲûΪĲֻôЦźʵ˭ɱҵģ
ֻһ˰ˣûбҪ֪ҵݡ
ֿǣЦĺ䡣
𣿼ȻҲûȤ֪ˣ˭ҲҪҲˣҲֻҪ𰸶ѣûеĻҲν
컪ҡͷһЦ˵֮䣬ﴫһ΢ܼŲЩŲ֪˵Ĺ򶼺ܲһ̣ʮɫ˾Ͷס˷ſڡ
ԭвãҾ˵ôղŵЩʵ˵ֻ۷ˣĪ֪Ҫɱ
ӿֵǿУûʲôŵɫЦ컪ʵ
ȻôԼЩϣҿҵĴӣô˵ĲСģ֪Ҫѵ¡
컪ЦҡҡͷȻһ䣬ȵŸʲôɱ
컪һ£Щɫ̻˶ϣý죬һӣʵЩڿԱġ
Щ˶ǿ֣ûҲûǹеǷӳʵҲЩڲ֪ǿ˶١
˼Ҿˣ
ṴǣһĮЦ˫һչ磬ٶ¶̫һûֱӰγ̫ƽչ˫֣͵һȭͷ
һɲǼ䣬ͻȻֳʮ䵭ɫĻ棬Щͷ·ƾճһ㣬Ԥ׵ľ͸ΧźӲϵ
ȥ˵Уһ˼ٻ˲ĵɫ棬ʱִһĨ˫ɫİ̷׷׷ɳȻһ֡
ǵϸСһûںģֻ¶һ˿΢ЦܵĻ̼תİһⶼ浲
ɣ
ֵ˰֮󣬺ƺʧȥˣ飬һͺȵ裡
˵֮ЩɫĻɢŷ˿׷׷Ⱥ֮УٶȲ죬ȴصߣ˶ֱ޿ɱܵĸо
һϢ֮󣬾ֵɫĻ棬û˿ף֮̾ĵ˵ϣѾϢȫޡ
ͻıʣڳȫһɫףǱϾֻ书ͨˣֽĸ֣ҲֻǱͨҪĶѣмֹ
ӿûзŹЩ˵Ĵ㣬Щյ˾ŵʱ򣬿еɫĻһ裬ӵʱ䣬е˶Ϣȫ޵˵ϡ
УҲû©˰㣬˵ΨһһԱܿɫˣĹȻҲûǿ׵ĵزǺôҲһС֡
治ҲȫǷһϵó
ǹһ˿΢Цһ٣ЩɫĻʱ紺鳲һصߣƮһ޺ӡ
ǵһذʬ壬ͨ˼˻Ϊֻħѣ뵽ЩɫĻȻ˿µɱ
㣡ɱ
ʱ컪޷ǰˣŵĵƾȻ׵ľͱ߽ˣϾֻδҴүܵⳡ棬ʱпʼˡ
ǣ
Ӧһһѳϵ·¶˾ݵʮֽʵϰصվ컪ǰźӳ˵㲻ߣ
ҿɴû˵ߡ
ҡͷһЦѾ˾棬ƺżɱ컪ˡ
ܹٿ壬ȴߵݣҲǻĵĹߣ书·ӦǶʿɣ
ȻʵǷǳǿǼʶȴ٣ͨһЩ˿ķԼʹõ̫Ҳ³˶Էݡ
ҵȷձҲȷһĶʿϵĶ벻Ȼ֪һ㣬еĿ࿴
ӵгһ˿ɫû뵽Ȼǰ֮˿ݡ
ڵձҲǳĶ࣬ǶʿȴϵһɣѾ֮ˣһˣҪ̣ơ
⼸ۺԭԶʿһɵԽԽ٣ڵ˽죬Ѿ֪ôһɴˣձı֪ʿ˶Ѿˡ
û뵽ʱһȴһݣ֪еľȡ
Ҳǰһң书͵λǲ֪Щصģ֮ǰܵүӵʶѧϰ˺ܶõĵ伮ɵ֮һ
ʿĴڣҲ￴ģʱмأʿѾһ˵ˣû뵽Ȼľͼһ
жڶʿҲǲɵһЩ˿ɶһЩѾȫɥʧԼħһĿ
մ˵еļأЩʿǰ׸˶孵ػ֮᪴ߣԴΪۣ˿Բٿذ᪴ļܣ֮ͨˣûеߵľ֮ʱǲܶвٿصġ
Ҳˣͼ߶ǿһЩҪﵽʵ廯ľ磬ҲҪﵽ߲УڶиϸµĲٿأҪ߼ľС
ڶ֧УʿǲļڵͼͿԲٿߣǸʿ˵൱Ժա
ͬȵĵͽУǵʵ޿ƥеģһǼֱ޲ߣֻи߽׵߲ܺǽп⡣
Ƕʿ̫̣˱ɹһĴڣ֧»ıһ˲õ
Ȼ֪ǰǶʿߵߵ㣬ղ֮ܶ㿪ЩɫĻ棬Ϊʵǿʲô̶ȣΪӲûרĶԸ
ʮ䵭ɫĻ棬ֿϮڶˣԸֻһѣӽʮ䵭ɫĻͬʱԸһˣԿ϶ûκΰ취Զܹȥġ
ͷϵĺĵĻԶʿµĶ֣ѹǷǳ֮ģϾֿںܾǰԹɱ˼µġ
ٺ٣Ѿ׼ˣǾԣ㵽жǿ
һ̣Ļ纮һι䣬Ϣ䣬¶ƺ
ںܻ渡׼԰㷢Ϯʱ򣬷Ĵ¥һ΢ɲͻȻ۵һĻ컪ûз֣Ǻȴǲˡ


359 ת
쳣ĺӣһܸ֮Ļ̾ͣװתͷһ۴Ƕ¥
˼Ȼ˼Ⱥ˵Ĺϵ̫ˣ˭
һЦӿ컪ʵ
ʲô˭ڼӣ
컪һãȻӣȻԴһ㶼֪飬ֻ˳źӵ߿˶Ƕ¥ϧǷѾʧˣʲôҲû
Ȼˣ
ںӿͬʱƷ̹ԶǰͷӣƬĹâڸȥû뵽ӾȻ˵һ۾Ϳڵλá
ͨҲ˺ӵĻλõı¶Ѿ嶨ˣٵ˸һ֮ƷɾŰ׼ٵ뿪ⶰá
Ҫܣһ
ƺƷɵ뿪ֱһɫ磬ܵĵɫʧһ뿪˷䡣
ô̬ɱ־Ǵģ벻Ӣе㱾£Ȼҵôɱ֣ǻСˣ
뿪֮컪˿˫ֳϥǣڴڵĴŴ죡㣬뿪Ͻȥ˰æ
ȴֵվԭأҲһ£¶һ˿ɫ
ôˣ
컪ֱŰЩɻʵ
Ǻǣ治ٵһЩʱģڿòôˣȿԳ㣬ֿԼ޻Ӣϣһõĺûᡣ
ͻȻЦ컪˫۲һ˿С
˵ʲô
컪һģһ˿⡣
ҽϣֻϧүӿһ㣬ȻҪƴά㣬㣡
гһ˿Ѫ˿ȻʱʮֵƽѾǿŭޱȣֻڽѹеŭѡ
үӣ
컪ЩɻĿŰ㣬ʱ򰢹ôү
ܳıڣӦбҪȥִеģүȴÿµĵ֣֪˶𣿣
ıɭ컪ɭȻ˵
㲻ǰ㣡㾿˭
컪ʱЩع̶԰ݲʡ
ҵȻǰ㣬ֻǲ컪ʶǸ㣬ҵֽ㣬ͬĸֵܣֻΪҵĸ׳΢ԲܹĳΪҵĹӰˣ
ЩʵЦкһ䡣
ⲻܣԲܣ
컪ҡͷ²Ӷʱһˣһ㶼ŰĻ䶼Ըš
ŲŶνˣôãѾϰȫˣ֮ҾͻݽפңֻȨ֮ƣ֮ݾͻᱻҷϳģ
¶һ˿Ц⣬²컪
㣬㲻ҪɱңҲŹģǸ׵˽Ҳûãûܱס㣡
컪ŵĴʵܱȲЩĸ֣Ҳ򲻹ղŵǸĶʿҪԸ컪ȴСһϾֻǸԺֵĶˡ
ôõĻᣬǶԲԼôݷԲЩҳԵĿ࣬ҲԲȥĸףңٺ٣ҵҪټңҺΣ
һЦ͵һѾɿ˵컪ǰ컪ķס컪ĲӣսݺݵĶǽϡ
ңԣŹ㣡
³˼֣컪ɫǵͨ졣
ôһ죬Ҳῴˣ
͵һŤ컪ĲӣһûκεĻڣҲκεĺ󻼡
ֱ컪жһ˿ţȻûȡˣȻ׽ıڰ㣬㣬Ȼͬĸֵܡ
컪ʬӵһԣ߽䣬ϴϴֽ֣ϸһߣӿڴͳһСӣʹùָ߷αװߡ
ϸһ֮ٶ̧ͷ֮ʱѾ׵ı컪ӣ˿
ž΢΢һЦ֣ȥ֮컪ʬˣһذʬףһĹʧ¥䣬֪ȥ
컪飬ƷѾһ֪ˣʰ˶׼뿪ã˵ͣģ׼򿪳ϳ뿪ȴ¶һ˿Ц
Щ߲ˣ
΢΢ҡҡͷеĺɫӵ˳صһ˳ţͷҲص˵ֻһͨİߣûʲô˼ղҲֻǲСĿһĻõƴ𣿡
һ˵ĵͣƷɵĻ֮ͻȻ߳˼ͬɫӣЩһɫ߸ݵӣ͸ղŴɱ컪˲ࡣ
ͨİߣֻǴһԶ˵ǻôϧİУ˵ԼֻͨİߣĪǵǶɵӣ
һӣƷ˵
鷳ȻǷˣɳ񣬹ȻǺܲأ
Ʒε̾˿С
øϻˣֱɱˣеߣ
ǰ˵˷ˣûƷɸո˵ʲôҲνΪڣʲôͲ⡣
䣬һĺѾƷڵλ÷ɿ˹ƷһʧԭأĳӿɾˣͲ̾Ͷһź΢С
ֻܶˣ
ỤƷһ̾豸¼µݣͱһݣʧҲûʲôϵڵҪĿ뿪ļС
дע⣬̴߶ڵɫʱ͸ܣ˫ҲǹһŤ󣬱·צģˣ߷
˼Ȼһߣϣ
ͷǸ΢΢һһȵܵϣԼͬĳŵ̫
ʹ˫ɣľҪձС̫ˣ鼮еļأС̫Ĵʼˣһʿʹ˫ļҲԴġ
·ɵĵ⣬϶ʿĽɣѶ̶̵̫ǵзӳ˾˵ɱ֮£һʱƵƷϵ·ҲСı˺üѺۡ
ôãƷûµʱҲһѧȻߣ÷ȴų˵ĸ


360 Χ
ƷֻΪʴӱȫԼģ˽ĴڸƷлǷǳмģⲻ֪Щɲڵģ羭صʱ䣬ܽľ顣
ЩȻǲܶƷ˵ģƷҲȥ׷Щ⣬Ҳʡ뷽跨ҽˣƷɵʵȻҲԸģϾԼˣʵҲǺаġ
Ըʱ䣬ƷȻڵû߶٣÷棬ȴǵõ˳ĽڱʿͬʱΧܼͿɼһˡ
һҵĻƷץסһᣬöԷһյ컯ֱֱ֮˹ȥڶԷŲΪ뿪ŵʱֱֻȴͻȻӳһء
ǻĹһּɣԴλŲùﵽʱӴķַһλָı֮󣬷һȭΪͨȭ
ͨȭȻڹвʲô߼ѧȴִλļɷӵ˼£ǰ޹˺ߡ
ڸƷɵȻͨȭֻһʱжļɰˣƷҲǸ޶֮ˣϰ˼֮Ҳ˳ѧˡ
һսʱ򣬼ֱг䲻ЧղƷɺǼ˽ֵʱ򣬾ΪһֱŶ֣üζѾ˶ֵ½ǣȴֱǶ˹ȥ
ΪƷɲ˵ʱƷȴһƯķǲҪκˡ
һеӣʱѾǺɵ߰ľ⣬һۿ٣Ѿǿ첻˵ӡ
벻һߣȻȥĵĹ䣿˼
ǸصĿһƷɣȻЩѹ֣ϾʹõߣұҲҵġ
ٺ٣㲻֪黹кܶ࣬ĪǻҪһŪ𣿡
Ʒһ߶ź˵Ĺһߺĳ
ϧҽ컹Ҫ·Ū㾿ʲôˣصʽҺܸȤأ
ʱһͬڸղźӵˣһȰӰͻأĳ˳У̫Ȼ֣һɫĻ̸ŵ˵֮ϣ浶ͳƷɵؿڡ
ֵǸղڶƵɱ컪ˣû뵽ôѾ˹ΧƷɵʱͻȻ룬ʵҪЩһأƷɵѹҲһ
ԺһתƷҲ˲ô࣬ȫ̾ۼ˫ֻؿڣһɫ̾ͳ
һ̣ɫĻ浶ʹɫ棬Ӳ빥ĵطм伸εָ˱ĵطɫĻһֱŵţûƫƹ
ߵˣʹߣɱͨɶˣ˶ԾѵһΪĿļܡ
ѧϰּ֮ǾͿԽͨĿ꣬ͿԶĿдӶȥ˺ܶ׼ʱ䣬⣬ҪĿ꣬׵һ̶ǲеġ
һɫŵĺϣͻȻϮĺӾôƷһ·ɿǰУƷ˫أڷɿˣܿ˾˵ͣıԵش
۽鵽˺󷽵һţƷһȻǰɫ򣬴ƬĻɫŨ̾ɢ˿ȵʧʱѾʧˡ
ȤȻˣ
ӻջȼɫĵһɫĻϨȥȤ˵һ䡣
ڣǸô죿
Զӷɿĸ˹ٿصɫͣʵ
żǻģûҪֵ̫King֯Ȼķ̫С޵ĸˣѵҲ𣿡
ڣһЦǹһ˿Ļȡ
Ǹ컪ô죿ղǽӵϢѾˣҸݴϢƺ컪ѾˣڵǸ컪컪
¼㱨
£
ڣüͷһһЦ˼̫˼ˣķչǳԤ֮ⰡϷԽԽˣ
һȥƷǰŵĳĺɫ˳һ˿ٵ뿪˵ͣ
Ʒɣʲô£
ڼӢֽӵƷɵĵ绰
ҿǵ˴ùˣزҵ£治ɰ
绰ͷƷɵһЦԼһѹֵĿ
ô£ˣ
üͷ컪ﲢûʲôִڣƷɵʵԸǾǴ´ģھȻˣô϶˱Ķ֡
ţһȺʮˣ͵ǵ̸Ҷ֪ǵݣǾȻѾʧ˺ܾõĶʿ
һڵŪڣƷɰпǽϣ΢΢Ϣ˵
ʿ
ʱ΢΢һ㶣ǵһ˵ձʿ˵ձʿĻܹӮƷɣҲ൱
ǵģǴһ˿˵ģǰҲǵݡ
ƷɽʿĴһȻǵõʲô˵⣬ר̹ɱ컪ģǲ֪ǲǸӢˣ֮ǰĹϵЩӣҲ޴Ӳ²⡣
ţȲôˣϽȥ͵ܵ˾ô
ȻƷѾˣҲͲ˵ˣҶ˵绰󣬷Ը˹Ȼ뿪˾Ƶ꣬ϻ˱
һ¥ĿУƷϸĺ˺˵ûʲôصģอյһЩ𵴣֮⵹ûʲôˣڻһ˿
ƷȻûвȴĸ֪ˣһ˵ҲԿƷɵʵһξģΪǸ֪񣬶һġ
˵ǸʿһֵɫĻ棿
Ʒʵ
ȻʹõķǳһҪֵЩ棬ҲǷǳѵ飬ҹҪľ磬ļߣпֵܵ
Ʒɵ˵ͷ
Щеˣȫˣ
ּʵ
ֻҪǵϣǾͻǰһӵʱ䶼ûУҲκε˺ۣǳĹ졣
Ʒ˸ղԶһĻҲЩëǶδ֪ĶһĪĿ־壬Ҳͬˣδ֪ĸʿɱͨ˴ˡ
ڻһ˿Է࣬Ȱ˵
ĵ˵ͷһ˿ɻɫִƷɵ


361 ᪴
ͷһڵ˳˳Ʒɵľ壬һĹͽƷһ˿˳
һ˿֮󣬸һУ̾ͻһ΢ĵɫ棬ڿоҡҷţһصС
ȻѾεĵز
ǰһ˿ҡҷĵɫ棬һ˿׽Ĺâ
Σʲô
ƷɻĿ˿ɻĿ˿˿棬֪˵Щʲô
һִеľ磬ǳĸڵĵǾԲ˻ʲôﵽġ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
־˵һľ磬߽˷ںһǾĳõĹ̻̬Ҫ˷Ѷȥٿء
ÿһĹжӦԣľǽľˮˣ˷ھ֮ʱڵĶӦͻתɸԵľ״̬ǵ
ֱӵĺôҲ˷˿ȥûӦ̬Щ뿪壬ҲγɶӦ̬Ҫ˵Ķٿء
ǰһƵɫĻ棬ͷεƷڵʱһƻ滹״̬һ뿪Ʒɵ壬ڿԷ˵ɫ͡
˵۳Ƶɫ˻ѾǷϵľ磡
ղƷ˵ʱֱΪʿߣòƶҪһΪ᪴ߵĹ׼ԼԻȡٿذ᪴һּܡ
ĻǾ˵˯ձǿ᪴ߣһϵֻǵϵϡ֪Ϊʲô߻ֵط
᪴ߵĴţ֪٣
˼һƷɵ
ҵò࣬ձ񻰴˵У᪴ǵػĻҶҪλػıӡ
Ʒüͷ˵У᪴һа˸ԴÿһԴһȫʢʱڵİ᪴ߣ׵Ļ򣬾ǲ֪ĻǼٵˡ
˸Դֲͬ˼
ĵ˵ͷǿߣ֪Ϊʲô䵽ϣƲ⣬˳ܵش¸޷뿪
һǿ˵ѰһǴȥټ򵥲ˣܻڵϡ
ҲпǵʲôǿҲûпܵ飬ԼҲ飬ϡǾͶһǡ
һһżûڵǣǴĲ磬ĺĳȴһ֣ľе
Ϊ˵õľ飬ʱ㻨˽߰ʱ䣬ǿżûһ˿ϣղŽľǺȡ˳
ľɵĻںμҴоҲнˣĳսɵˡ
һжֻƲ⣬ڻ֪Ϊ᪴ߵǿǲǴڣֻһ׫Ĵ˵Ϊ˼ǿһ񻰡
ûпܵģڽ̵ǰ飬Ϊͳ񣬴һҲʲôù顣
ǽһֶʿʵô
ֿƷʵ
ʵǺǿģ˵ǵǳԣÿһɹĶʿʮֿµĵˣĥ鷽棬Ѿˡ
Ʒɫص˵Ҽǲ֪ôĿԲٿķڵͽ׵ߵУռݵƷǳԣõһľ磬ܺǿ⡣
ܲٿйͷôͨ˶ԴһȴǹһͲڼˣҪԿȷЩ鷳顣
ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ڶʿҲǷǳԣߵϡ٣ûʲô̫в´ˡ
Ʒ̾˿
ǱȻģûһǿƽ޹ʵģҪͬȵĴ۲УҹЩʿҪòٿļܣĴۿ϶ǲСģ򲻻ĥԡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵磬ҲǾֵģΪ˻óƵͱĳЩΪۣ¿ûѵַͣʽżı׶ˡ
ߵԽԽˣȻ˶ʿ֪һɵĿǰյϢƺӢѾЩ·ˣҪ
΢΢˼һüͷ˵
King֯ǿضѰҺͷչÿһǶϵǼ壬󶼻ᱻεĿһ棬ǻǺϵģϷ򵥷ˡ
ƷҲͷͬ
ڿĻƺKing֯Ӣλ֮ǰλãӢõȨ֮ػKing֯ңӴΨǴӣKing֯Ŀ˰ɡ
̾˿ȨѾöʧ˷Ҳ˵ıԡ
֪ºǱ߾ʲôӦҹӦòôͻɵӢͷϣ˵ʲôɣҲôͶӢ֣Ͼڻһϵơ
Ʒɷһ
˵Ĳǻںı粩飬ͷӦò᳹׵˺Ƥ
˵ͷ˼˵ڹؼ黹Ҫˣ취ŪǵĿģϾʲôǵĿ꣬ǲֻǵΪƻƻġ
еֻǴҪʵʩֲжĻȫûҪô£Ŀ궨Ŀ粩ϣֱøըһ¾Ϳˡ
Ʒɾ˵Ĳֲжûô鷳
ڹؼǣǵĿ굽ʲôܰԸǵĻҪ׵öˣϾڴ½žԵơ
˵ͷʼ˼˸ôӢĿġ
һҹôȥˣص˼УϵʱûӢжʱѾʣ޼ˣٲǵʵĿģµʱԿˡ
㼸Ů緹ȼŮȥѧУ֮ȥ۵ĻأڵѵҺͶһ𣬷ŴӸռϢܲʲôͷ
ȵȣղǸʲô
һ룬ͻȻһſٵ˹ȥֵϤУö˻ȥ
ǰý屨һѶûжٵƪֻж̶̵ļ仰ŵҴ컪°ʹѣڴͬʱĵϵˣҲֲһҵɥ֮ʹ


362 Ŀ
ĵϵˣҽֵı𣿡
ʱƷô˽һ۾Ϳ˴ĻʾǸҵϵ˵ƬϾĳֵİ㡣
㣬Ȼҵĵϵˣ
ϢüͷһʱҲЩͷˣһжһһһ֪ϢּΪޣҪ۳ʲôҲ޴̸顣
߿˼ʱһƵڣһмɳ϶һͷˣԵɫӰ˯߲һ
˼Ȼǡ
һЦǹһ˿аĻȡ
ڣֱɱģΪʲô󻹷ˣ
һӣŵϵֵʵ
Сʱɱ˲ǽð취ܶ˻ű˵ôһԺͻ֪ģ㲻򵥣ҵĻԺͻˣ
ԭ˾ϻݵɫǸӣҲеĶʿû뵽⼸Ʒ֮󣬾Ȼȥ׷ܵ㡣
ǲ֪ʲôԭǲûɱ㣬󷴶һԭҪٰ컪ļƻŵнų֡
ţұ
ߣôģ
ҵүڿǰŵһϺý˿ľײģŵǸӣصĺһ
ھƵ꣬ܵ˶ʿͻϮЩ˵ʵ̫ǿ󣬱ȫֵסӾǱǰɱģ϶Ӣˡ
վһû˵˵ҵϹܼңѾʮˣҵĵλһЩϵ˻Ҫߣš
֮̾ͰͼӴ׵ĺϹܼһ㱨һûй֮ǰϹܼϵĻͺܶ࣬Ϊʱֱϵ壬ǰͨϹܼҽתġ
ӢΪKing֯ߣܺҶˣǰţ
һ˿ɱʧȥһӣ谮ӣܹɱ⡣
ǰӢΪЩ飬Ǻܶ鶼ûǣ浽ҵĺ棬Ҳһֻ۱һֻˣû뵽ξȻ컪ͷӶʱЩסˡ
үʱ²̫öԸӢϾǴΪǼϵǽKing֯ĺõʱKing֯ǣӢ˲ɣ
Ϲܼæ˵
ô˵ҾʲڶǣҪн죿Ȼıҵλãֱ磡
ĴһɳһŤ
үνӻ˰үҲǸˣүЩã¸׿Խεðүּȥɣ
˵Ҳе
岢СӣȻԿסеŭתͷʵ㣬ε齻ȥ죬Ǳûʲô⣿
ûʲô⣬ǰҶиһڽܵĻҲʲô鷳ġ
̵˵ͷ˵ɱֱվǳɵϰߣһʱĻЩĲ
ǾͺãǼ֮һɵӢҲٿǸ˻صŵأ𣿡
˵
İɣүүһҵģ
ޱ˵
߻ƻôʵʩʱǱڵ粩ڲϣ֪ÿһҵĲλƷԼϸĽܡ
μӵĹ̫ˣֻ֪ǵжѾüƻˣǲ֪ȷĿ꾿ʲôôǺã
ƷɿĻĿĲλƷʱͷЩЩƷһǼֵǵıҪôǿƼߵƷϾ粩ᣬչһʱûǸһ᲻õöġ
ûϵܻҵһ˿ġ
һϸĲ鿴ЩƷĽܣKing֯гĴڣ߲࣬ѪֺڰⶼûʲôϵǵĿͨƷĿԺܵ͡
룬ʼϸĿЩμչƷֵֹĶеĲλƷȷֻٲϡŹֵĶһע⡣
һľ׶ʽĶǰͷǼӣһԲͷ滹һ˿ϺɫĺۼǷɵҺ壬֪ʲô
ļҲǷǳļ򵥣ֻȵļ仰˵ľ׶걻͢ĸּӳֹʥشںڰеĶħʼ棬ϺɫۼǵħµѪ
һںڰеĶħ̾뵽ѪΪ˵еѪǷǳģֻҪ⣬ͻٵڣһҲò˿ӡ
Ҽﻹᵽ˶ħʼ⼸֣Դ֪King֯пܴѪʱȥһЩص׺ϣ֪Ѫʼһ㹫Ǹ
˵ԭǸ࣬ǵ޵ĴӣȴΪʺޣɱԼ׵ܵǲϵ䣬ü⣬ֻںڰС
ǳѪչľ鳣մȾѪƺǸλѪѪҺĻ֪Ӣ˵Ŀʲôˡ
ҴѾµˣ
Ǹľ׶ͼƬ˼˵
ʲôѵ۵ľ׶
ƷͼƬϸĿÿһͼƬ渽ĽܣĻʱعͷÿŵǰǸͼƬ
ľ׶Ǻۣһ˿ϺɫۼҲ򵥡
һЦ
˼ǣǸѪҺ
Ʒɿһ飬̾ͨ˹ؼĵط
ҲһЩѪϣûмشĻƺѪҺеģѪҺ˵ޱҪá
˵ͷǵѪҺУҪչᣬҲͨоѪķʽ˸ѪѪҺǳѪѪҺ֪ǵջжôľ޴󣿡
˵King֯ĴѪٰ֪粩ϣǵȸѪᣬͼȥ̺ѪҺе
Ʒ˼˵
ôչƷûһرмֵģȻЩͨ˵޼֮ǵУȴֻǲ˶ѡ
˵ͷ˵֮ǰȡõ鱨King֯кпѪڣһҲͲƶˣȵѪҺӵĪջֻǲ֪᲻Ѫ
֮ǰ籩鱨ѪĵӦһǳѵ飬̫һ㡣


363 ᳡
˲͵ߣƽʱ˿࣬ЩϵϢȫͬģҲΪʲôЩ׷ɱ籩һ½߾ͱĪֵĸ
Ȼ˴µĿ꣬ôͺܼˣ۳Ϣ֪ͨ½ߵİʣµͶȥˡ
ϾΪ˵õϢѾǸ˺ܶ࣬Ĳ÷صҲ̫࣬Ȼ߶ͣǲ̫ĲκЩ飬½Ҳûʲô£Ͷȥͺˡ
΢һ㣬ʱע쳣Ķ򣬲ϵĵ棬һܳ飬ԼڵĹãҪġ
˼뿪ۻأ۳ԱǵǷĵģϾѡľӢټжƷԱߣǶеĸ֣˴棬Ӧòʲô⡣
ص˼ʱѾˣΪû˵ģû뵽һţͿڻ·أ·һ룬¶毺õΡ
ôˣ
˿ϣػعͷʱֵʵ˹·
ˣҾͻˣôһ˴ѧУˣ
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ҡҡͷ̾˿˵
Ҫ̫ˣǱߵһֱڹעأʲôģǼǹһ£ڲһԺҸûʲôˡ
΢΢һЦο䣬Ҫȥְɣ
֣
ֵĿһ¶һ˿Ц⣬㲻¹ֵ𣿡
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ٺһЦ
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˷Ҫȥ·ģ˵·ѾˣҲˣҪȥ·˹Źž͵װ
ʵ㴩ҲǷǳ˧ģʱԻһ󣬷һ㡣
һ߹һ˵
ţЩҶôô˵Ҿôǵľͺˡ
ЦҡҡͷϴʲôĲںǸģ˼Ů·⣬ԼǴûһ·
һҼҵ˹ȥ֪Ѿ˼ӣ涼ǳ׵װڷ˼ܵר꣬һ͸
ѾĹˣһ컻һףҶһڲˡ
ס׼أЦһ˵
Ѿ
ŻعϵĴӿһۣţǹˣװôܲأȥǱߵȥ
ð۲ۣȥˮȣ
΢΢һЦ˲ضͷϵϸܺ顣
ۣеߣЩȡ
΢΢ҡҡͷֱЦ˵
˰ɣôȾͲҪˡ
⿪·صϣ¶ķɫ£͹µӡãԺҪһ㣬ȻԲˡ
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ͷЩ忴ȥ˶
ûѽǿͿˣҲֻܹ񫡣
һЦ
ҲУֻڼﴩһ㡣
ػһҡͷ
ڼﴩ˸ҿ𣿡
һЦգգۡ

ߺϽתܽһרĵ꣬ܿȵĿ⣬ϸѡ
Ϊ˴ײͬװؾѡһСʱûʲô۵ĸоɰ˸һСʱڣװִѡ
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һȤȻأżʵ
һˣŶһǾͻؼҺòã
һϸƵĲǰȻһ£ĵЦ
ðɣһˣȥҾҪŲסˡ
Ľӹȥ滻һװһںֹȥʮӣǶ˺ʮ뿪ˡ
ʱһξ͹ȥˣܿ͵ȫٿ粩ʱһȫΧڶǿ˾䣬ƽЩҲ⣬侯;˷ɢڸطϼӷΣĳ֡
Ѿ׼𣿡
۵ĳԱҲ᳡Ϊ粩ᣬлһƬ޴ٿᣬȷ˸μչĹҶ㹻Ŀռ䡣
Ȼֳ˾޴ĵ̣ҲΪֳİ˼Ĳ㣬ͶİҲǷǳľ޴󣬾Эһ˽˱鲼ڸƬפء
Ѿ׼ˣ⼸鵽ϢѾȷҪļƬʱǵصͶĵطͽϹܿˡ
ɱµ̻ص
ܺã
˵ͷһڶ˷硣
ڣ
ûеֳ۵ĻԶ̼ߵϾ豸ڶ࣬ʵҲܵõķӣֳҪõĶࡣ
ʱע⸽ֻļطΧ󣬾ٰ첩⼸죬Ҫ鷳ˡ
˵ͷͷ
ס
Ļһ䣬û
ô⣬֪ˣͨʱദԶĴ·ʽѾϰˡ
Ļ᳡˷ǳĶ࣬ɽ˺ټǲٰĵһ죬οʹطӵ˺ܴ
ֳҲǲ˿ķɣǾ֮óļҪŲ򣬸ǲ˴ķЩɢڸαװȫʵʱų
׻أ
ܵĻ᳡һȻ֪Ӣ˵ĿǸմȾ˸Ѫľ׶ǵһʱûչЩӦòôͶֵġ
Ҵ͵ļƻЩ˻һЩԻ󰲱ߣͨķʽעӶʹͼڸǡ
ȻƻжֻΪڸĿ꣬ҲǲƻֵģϾ˶οͺȺһʲôʣֳѽпƵġ
Ⱥһ˵ڵʵٷʮҲѿסֳѾԿƵķΧˡ
Ĵʱ򣬲ԶһװڻϽ̨󻹸żһһǸ·̬ƣ֪Ǹ򵥵
Ǹ̨˭
ϵ˶
ڶǱ߸ղ׼شʱ򣬻չֳͻȻһǹ졣


364 Ҫ
ǹͬʱ֮ǰעǸһͻȻԤ׵ķϣǸ˵Ĳ棬ϾͱһѪ
⣡жʼˣ
΢˼ޣΧǾʧĶɲǼ·Ľ඼ˣÿһϵı鶼ɼ
˫Ŀ磬ǹ˵߲Զǹλãпܿǹλãݵķλɨ˸пɵĵ㡣
ʱ䣬һչ̨Ĳ淢˿ǹˣһŷǳͨˣۣղſǹ֮ǹ̾ͱûлĿֹ꣬ͣϮ
ϾӢ˵ĿҪңǸ飬ǾͲôµĲжˡ
ǹֵĶȻ죬Ǿˣǹһ˲䣬Ϳ˿ȻըѾʧԭء
֮ǹ֣ǹ׼ת뿪ԭأһתͷĹ򣬾ͷǰѾһ˵Ӱ׼ѯʶԷʲôʱ򣬲һ飬Ѿʧȥ֪
˲ǹǰû˿ҪʻĴ㣬ֱһֵͷŵǹ֣ȥеʱѶҪǰο͵
ûչĳطǳľ޴ɧֻһСѣڰο޶࣬᳡Ҳޱȣǹûдȥ̫Զ
밲һ£
¼ǹ֣һԾչ̨֮ϣͨ˷ɹο͵עղֻǵһвԣΪβİʩǷУҲؾš
䣬·Ϊһ˵ǹıڣʱҲӵϻվſ˵ͷʾһվ˱ڵȥˡ
ûʲô鷢οͳĳ˿ֿʼĴۿֻҪûʲôֲϮЩοͲʲôǸŸԵ顣
ѺɳѶרҽ󣬿ܲ׳һЩõϢ
չ̨ץǹֽ
ǣ
ӹǻԲѵǹ֣ٵ뿪Ļչֳ
ο͵֮ǰǹıҲȻ뿪ֳ֪ȥʲôط˿ȥˣһֱڹעǸˣԲŷһĻ֪˲֪ЩϢ
Ǹ˭𣿡
ͨѯ˶
ղžѾˣ˵⣬жκѫԾһίԱʵȨ߹٣ιһ粩ᣬڵݱ¶ļߣԲŵ͵ĳУֻ˼ڡ
Ǳ̴˼Ҫı档
ԭԾίԱĸ߹٣ѹӢ˻Ŀ궨˶κѫϣЩ˵ϣ³һС£ɲ˵Ĵ£¶˻ڼ򵥲ˡ
׼ȥӴһκѫʱ򣬲ԶһľѾٵ˹òʮֵᣬѾ˴˵ϣ辸ڲĶġ
ҴҸ˹ģһȸκѫһ
׳εİ©
֮ʧְ
С󰡣εҲȫǣϾչֳôչ˲ģղŵҾĺܺãǹ֮һʱѾ˷ӣһȺڵѾĺܺˡ
κѫλи߹ٶ꣬˵¶ʮֵĴĵļȴȺתһȦղչ̨ϽǸˣ⣬һȦûмղǸ˵Ӱ
׳ҸղץӵǸ˰ɣ
һЦʵ
Ǹ˲򵥣Ȼ˿ٵľͶλ˷ڵĵطҼʱƷ˶֣Ǹ򵥵
κѫЦǺǵ˵
ɹĶǺ֣˾⣬һЩزŲ룬ȫǾӢһĽȥǸ˿ܲǾˡ
Ц˵
ףȻǺأβõİȷĺܵλɵòŬȥԺҪȺ˴ˣ
κѫͷһЦ
ǣ׳
̲£˫ţػص
ˣҪô࣬㿴˵ĿⶼˣΪڽѵأ
˰֣κѫЦ˵
Ĺͣ׳һɣǱߵҲŽˡ
̷¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮ôչ˶κѫİΣҳƺԷһΪ׳ΪκѫǰҲǲӳε˾ίŵίԱҪְҲһˡ
Ҳãǽ鷳Сˡ
κѫ΢һ˼Ҳ͸ɴĴӦҲ֪λã˿϶ǻᵣĵģղѾһ϶ǲеڶƵ֡
ĵͷκѫھҲţϾǶ͵ȻƶƾŬҲ˽ĳɾͣһöκѫͣΪԼҲƽԶĸкøС
׳ô˵޵ݣӦñ׳İȫ
ЦŻص
ίԱôٲӭ㣬εĹʧְˣ
ʱ򣬼չֳԱ·ŮŮ˹һʮֹ̬ĸŮŶκѫǸһЦ˸к
˴ԼӣĺܺãʮͷңϴһϸĽ˿۾һʾͷǳĳڡ
ԭίԱ㿴ͷһˣҶѾСĵιˣûù㰡
κѫˣʱƴЦ
ĶˣĿǰҲίԱְͬίԱ֮һڶٿ粩ᣬȻҲǻ˴ĹͬΪίԱ֮һĶκѫȻǲһ֪ġ
ίԱɾĲˣô˵Ҳҵ㵽ô֪ܲͨһأһ˱˵Ļ㱨֪㵽Ҫñ֪ˣҪ˵Ҳ
΢΢һЦ¶ѩ׵ݣʮ»Ľ˿۾
ǶˣͲôˣĵطȥתתɣվҲôá
κѫҲЦͷŲط˹ȥһվ̫ˣѾһЩο͵ע⣬óʼ
ίԱǰ·߱죬Ľĸʼվ֮ңûбǿҲ죬Ҳյķǳá
ڣ۷ʲô飬ԱλίԱȫԲŻһֱ룬ֹʲôⷢ


365 ӿ
ĵܲԶжͨƻʵĸţֲλίԱܸ䣬۵ĸλãǵλöûиıȻһõͣרűҪʹá
Щ˶һ״ţҲ辸ڲӿĵƣΪòİҲǰļҵ׶ˣûʲô˽
辸ʱ£ᰲĹϣȻû侮ʯ㣬ѵõĻᣬúõıһʵҲ׷顣
ղ׼ȥԹ֮ȻʧˣĵıѾ㹻ˣҲڳȥһûʲô
طûʲô쳣
һתƷλһʵ
ûʲôֵעĵط˸ղôһ飬طϮ֪ǽŻô£ǵ˳ɹƻ𣬲ԱѾȫץ񡣡
Ǳ̻Ӧ
ܺãǼ֣Ҫɾ裬ܾЩԾʲôҲ˵
üͷ΢Ԥһ򶼺׼ȷץ׼ڵﲻԾԲŻڻչֳĴߣûʲôԷ֣һЩͷ
ʱ˿̣ڻչֳıλãվѲӵľ;ˣΪЭ˳Уļεľŵ˼£ʱȺصľȫûʲôɫ
첢Ǿˣûо־ԷѪ񣬶˵İֱǹͷˣֻΪͷǹǲŲԸĹˣǳԸ
ǷˣҸղ͵͵εһж٣
һվ¹۲ţʵȴֹĺͱϵͬ졣
٣
һȻҲЩĲɵĸо߸ûڿܷϣȫΧЩŮϣͱĸȥˡ
ߵн֮࣡
ǰ˿ŵС˵
ʲôˣҪ𣿡
µڽһ˵Ļ˻Ŀһߵͬʵ㲻ǿ˰ɣҲǧˣ
ôܣֲϣֶģȷȷʵʵ֮࣬ﻹǾ޶࣬˴󲿷ֶפҲǷص
ǰǸС˵
ԹԣķˣٰᣬȻô֣ѵҪʲô飿
һɻüͷܹϾ죬ȻЩ£ЩԸɷķͷôε⣬ȻǺпץסһЩɵ鱨
أ
һ˵עһչ̨ȥʮֵҲûʲô⣬ֻǿһۺ͵ûʲô顣
ʱչ̨ĺдһءεǰĻҪ󣬼ʹΧУҲķǳ
ʲô
һֵʵ
Ҳ֪ȥɣʲô豸˰ɣ
һҡҡͷתһչ̨˹ȥ
ҲǷˣôܵĻչֳĻʲôʲôƻҪǲ߻ˣôֳܵ϶ȡƻˣ˭û̫ͷ϶
ǰʧһЦ߱˵
ǰ̣ʲôˣҲ֪Ѷˡ
һҲͷ͵˺ܿ͵չ̨棬տҲʲôҲûУοҲߣΪչĶǰ̨̨ǹԱ
ɻĴһ׼ͷȥʱһءִ˹˴ĵطչ̨ͨǹԱĵطҲǸչƷʱŵλá
ȥɣʲôЩķ
һҡҡͷ΢΢һʼ򣬴ͷ˽ȥһҲһ߽չ̨ͨ
˸ոսͨʱͨͻȻԤ׵Ĺԭһ˿ͨͻȻͱһڣһһͳЯǿֵ硣
ֵһ˲䣬ǰͻȻһӰôԤ׵ĳǰһɫµˣͷҲ˷µñͷò
ͻȻֵӰ˶һһ৵һͰγǹָǰӰʵ˭
䣬ǵͻȻֵӰûκεһζʧǿֵĹֵ籾ֵͲ߿յԶǷΧǺܴǸصӰֻһΣѾ˹ߵķΧ
ȵǿֵһһζյʱѾ˳̼Ĩ˵Ĳӣλöû˿ƫžǺһʵ
ڶ̫죬ʵһһ˸
ߣһȺ
Ȼڵͨµƺ׵Ŀǰ¶һ˿΢ЦͶ뿪ͨ
ͨ죬ѾӲˢˢжˣǲûܶѪΪӵĶ̫Ѹ٣Ҳ̫׼ȷжܵͬʱû˵Ĵ
УҪ֪ͨˣһҪȥ
ǿֵľ죬ŲƺҪѹ©ܣʱ򣬲ֵ˻˻©ķβѾ㹻
ûеǿֵ˿䵽˵ϣһ죬صڿһ˵ͨԵʮֵĹɭ䡣
ʱһͬµӳˣһŲǸǿֵϣֵͲ̾ͱȵķ飬ƹҲͬʱϨȥ
ɽ˵ٴˣһҪ󻼣ô۵ĵƹ⣬һʲôô죿
ҡҡͷ̾˿
Ǻǣ־ûʲôϵһЩС°ˣҪϡ
ǰȥͻȻߣһЦ
ɽǻģձǵСһ㣬ֿǺܶģչֳҲˣ߶˴֣ǲò߾裬ʲô
־ɫص˵
ˣĶǸղַٶɱİ
ɽ¶һ˿΢Ц
СһΪӢίУֻǰѣǿɲҪԼȥˣһ¶٣ЩĵĸֿɲǳصģʱǣڣǿɾͲˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ־һ䣬ͷ뿪˺ͨ
ɽվĿһŵ侯ʬף֪ЩʲôһĹҲ뿪ͨһѾ֪ȥ


366 ٴϮ
绹һ֪Щο͵ݱľţûвʲôΣգ𲼷ŵľߵڶ࣬ҲЩչ˲ĵط
ʧͬŵ£Ȼȥûû˷ʲô쳣һоôĵĽţκε쳣
Ǳ߶κѫͬ£˱߱ģĴŸչһСҵչ̨ϣʱڱŴͳ赸ԱǶ̵ֻѣͷϻŲ֪ľ޴ظ
κѫҲص赸Ŀ⣬ʱȤվ￴һκѫͣȻҲǸͣ˽Ųվһ΢Ц
赸ܲǿҵɫ˼ʹҲҪŬԸ
κѫһֽкһԵȻûпʲôǶκѫˣȻǲᲵ˶κѫӣҲһ
ʱ̨ϵһݵԱͻȻһ䣬ɲǼϻʮŨױԿһ仯Ĳ࣬оġ
书Ѿ֮ⷽг̶ȷǳĸߣǸڶκѫϵʱѾ˷ӦһѾ˶κѫǰ
Ʋһ˵֣²һƣѾĺ˵ʮ׿⡣
˺󳷵ͬʱ̨ϵһݵԱһչͻȻǰ˹û˵κѫǰκѫѾĴ˿õԱĴ֮⡣
㿪һģʱͻȻе쳣ǶκѫͻȻжû˿飬ʱ˿϶ҪΪʲôôˡ
ȵعͷʱΪʲôԭκѫʱѾ˫ĿЩ͵վȻܵ˸ղԱӰ졣
ѹָղžǹɲЩŹ֣Ȼ𣿡
˼䣬۾Ķ̨ϱݵЩԱ֮ǰ˳ˣһʧַ֮ɿĻصչ̨ϣĹȻһǴҶΪֻǱݵһ֣Щͷ
ľۼĿļ÷һͺȣĺĳӰ̽ʧ״̬Ķκѫ˹
ףô£ղҺЩ֣
κѫǲӳʱŮҪǿĶ࣬΢΢һԴ̾ʶЩԾ
׳ղϮչ̨ϵǼԱڻ֪ǲͬѾȷǷӣһߣղŶίԱˡ
Ľ̨ϵǰԱߴʼնû뿪ȻѾȷ˶ԷɣЩ˴뿪һӣֱǳ׵ĿΪֹ

ɻüͷھЩ΢΢ѣΣĤҲЩ΢ʹѣΪղűǸߴˣĤʹȻΪĸղŵһͺȣѵͬʱҲһСʹ
һͨߵˣղ˲ͽ׳ίԱˣöλ㶵վԭأһǰҼʱĽλ˿ûǸ˵óѡ
ļ򵥵˵ίԱ֪Щ߰飬ӸλίԱǣҲ˶ֵֹ֪飬Щص鶼רŵȥ
ЩˣӦòԭЩݵԱ˰ɣ
κѫ̨ظԱǣһ˿ɻĹâ
ʱȷǵýץ֮ٽмеĵ飬λ뿪ɣҸоЩԾҪʲôˣûȥ²һж
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ãǾͲﰭˣһҪץЩ⣬ǧҪ̬ø֮ǰʧСķΧڣ
κѫ˵ͷҲǲˣܶжȻǲģʱûκε顣
Ǿ뿪ˣͰСˡ
Ҳ˵ͷĵʮŵùģ˾ܵı£Ȼ뿪˻չֳ
ղŵǿûУ
ֳһĻڲԶ˸ϸϸһܵʱ˷Ӧ֮ǰûзȺԱߵĴڣҪΪߵʵ̫ˡ
ϵϢʮеģߵʵ̫΢ϵϢôǿңټݣŵûмʱķ֡
շ߷ܿλίԱʱ²һٶȸϹȥԮ˵ǷǳңԶ˲䱬㹻Ϲȥˡ
¸նֹסΣΪίԱжˣˮһĶͬʱ˵Ĵ˵˹ķΧж֮ʹҲа̾һ
˵ĻʱܻɱֱĳͻĺȻֳңο;ʧ֮¿϶ߣôʱͻķӦչҲͬҵ״̬
˲ľǷǳȷѡ񣬼ȫλίԱİȫҲûг׵Ľɱֱֹͬǹǽڷһ·Ǳܼѡ˺ˡ
ˣȺ˵ڵ顣
۳Ա̴˻شҲֲΧʱעŸĶôĶȻҲǿ
ô
ʵ
ǳˣӱЩ˶ûʲô⣬ֻı壬ЩԱǵװ̫ţԲȷǵǲǱЩˡ
ٵػص
ûϵȻѾ¶ţȻǲٷŹЩ˵ģֻҪǣȱݽˣȻͻ֪ˡ
˵㣬ûж˵ʲôѾ֪˵˵٣ܱĴϹתĺãֻҪȺ˾Ϳˡ
һȺôõĻȻʧ֣˷ǾĵĲá
Զչ̨󷽣ɫµӣĿǸظչ̨мҡҡͷ
ǰôõĻᣬʹǶֵĻôܻʧܣȻǷһĵˣԼߣͬҲǷܶడ
ǸղͨϮ˾־ɽǲ֪ʲôʱֳЩ겻ɢζ·𵽴ǵӰһ㡣
ˣȻʧˣֻܼһƻˣжʧˣûһɹģżһɹˣҲǺܿͱ˻˿óһɱˡ
־һЦλĺ˿ʧչ̨ĺ󷽡


367 й¶
ʱڽչ̨ЩݵԱЩʲôһŹȵȫ֮󣬲ŻЩ˻ع֮֮ǰûɣֻʱίһˡ
־ɽʧչ̨һ˲䣬ƺһ쳣һת˹ȥȥʱѾʲôûˣû֡
ף
һɻתͷղһɿӵĿ⣬ǿȥʱȴûзʲôЩ֣Ҳô˴εĲеԽԽˡ
ôˣӳ
վһԵע⵽仯ʱСʵ
ûʲôղһ㶯ûзʲô쳣
΢΢ҡҡͷֿչ̨Щ˱ˣȫʱѺɵˣһŹһҪúõĵǧܷ뿪´ͽȥˡ
İɣӳ
˵ͷĿչ̨ƺѾ̨ϵÿһ˶ɨһ顣
չ̨ĽͣԱһлĻĶչ̨ͨǹԱרõͨ
ж
һ£Ѿͨﲼúõ۳ԱǣץסвݵԱڼ䲢ûʲô鷳ֵҲû⡣
һֻǻ㾫ܰˣսԺԲƣҲǶԸκѫͨ˲һ֣۳ԱЩĸ֣Ǿûʲôˡ
һ˵սˮ׼ȻȽϸ߳Ҳֻͨ˵ѣһӵϵ۳ԱҲֻǸɵ۵ķݣַӾͱĽࡣ
תۼ䣬ʱ͵ϣеչ̨Ѥĵƹ⣬Ͱһɫˣ͵οҲǳĶ࣬ڰ˵ʱ׳һЩ
־ɽɱʬѾˣ˶ûţֻĬĬİмǿ˽䱸ʱԱԮ
Ҳ֪ˣϺпֹܲһڻһҪʮֵľ񡣡
վһչ̨Ĳ棬Ŷ˵
Ϊھı֮ϵˣȻҲյϢеľҲôܵļɱˣЩ˵ˮƽѾ֪
ûзʲô쳣Ͱйģ
յ۳ԱǵĻظ˶
˶Աȴļػ棬ҳһ˿Щ˷ǳרҵûھͷֹһ˿һͷĵǵΡ
ǱߴһƵϣӻԿɫµӻпٵһƵѾˣĲٶȣʲôҲΪƶٶ̫١
װƷ˵Щʿǽӽӡ
һ˵ĴŴ磬̾Ʒɺ˵ʿ飬ĪҲ˽յӢίУϮ컪һ˲ж֮У
ɻ²۳ԱǷİţЩʿҲ˽ôͨļӣ˵ûκЧģҪߵķС
ߵʱǱ߶κѫڳ֮Ҳ׼ظȥסϢˣ쾭δɱ¼ҲЩƣˡ
׳ȥɣ
վڶκѫߣ΢΢˵
ûϵһȥ·ߺΣ֪ģİҪǾͲҪ̫ɢˡ
κѫЦҡҡͷҲи˵ıǸͻȻǰһӵıڣͨǾԲķӦٶȺ͵ʶģֻ߲ı¡
ף׳ЩΣжȻӶǻɿʲô˶ûе֮ǰǵʱ־衣
˵ĵһκѫڲ£е˶Ѳ˸ϵɱ辸ҪصĶࡣ
֪ǹѹðɣôͰԭļƻһ·뿪ǵС·
κѫҲû̫ΪģϾݰ۵İȫӵ⣬һı䡣
ãͰԭƻ£
ĵ˵ͷת뿪ȥųˡ
ɽôһ£Ǹκѫƺƻб䣬׼ԭ·߻סˣ
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뿪ˣô죿
ӴĳԶȥˣɽʵ
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־Զ˵ǰһĻʱָı⣬ȵ
ʲô
ɽֿԶ˳־ķ˹ȥ
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ڸղŵĳȥ֮󣬲ӵʱ䣬¥ĺͣһɫĽγӴ¥߳һñӵˣٵ˳֮С뿪ˣͳȥķȫ෴
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ɽʱɻǸñӵӰԽԽϤ
˲ĶκѫǰȥǸˣֻǸˣ
־ðһ˿˷ܵĹâǵļƻûиı䣬ֻǼһؼƻѣȥעĶκѫԭƻõĵ·һջȳ²ֵļƻ
ĻôǵļƻҲͲ޸ˣֱԭĵصзͿˣ
ɽҲ³ϲɫײ֮£ǾȻ˶κѫ١


368 ·
··ʮǰǵʱ־Եĵ·֮һ޽ʮãʱ˿̣·һƬͣǿӰ˶оĿ⡣
ڲḽһƬЦ⣬ĵطԵЩˣ·ЩѾЩƫƧĴһƬżܿһЩ
ĵĴϣһɫĽγڷɿǰ
׳ƻЩðˣֻôһֵĻһʲô⣬ǿܻӦ
ϣκѫƽߵһЩǵתͷκѫ˵·̫ƧˣʲôĻƾǵҪסκѫǷǳѵġ
ȻԷ˼ƻͲܲЩãɳһЩĳһԷжĻĿ϶Ǹ֣ĻҪĶˡ
˵䲻Ļ·ըˣһʱҲᱻ˷֣Ļ£ԷҪʲôֱڷ㲻ˣڲ˵ĵġ
ǵĵǣѾ׼ƻ𣬶ԷӦѾһ·ȥˣ˵ˣҲǴӲģӻûС̶ȣҲ̫ˣһҲ͵Ŀĵˡ
κѫЦҡҡͷƽתͷ˴⣬·ߵĹ߱Ƚϻ谵ԭÿʮ׾еһ·ƣȴǸʮײһѾûԭôˡ
Ϊ˱ϲϵõ磬ԼҪõһЩ豸Щ豸˵˲᳡֮ҪӦԴҲǷǳӴֻܰһЩƫԶطĵʱˡ
ԶκѫĻŵҲû˵ʲôǶǵڲ͸ŶκѫˣӲ֮һֱڶκѫߣȻ׶κѫƢԡ
Ӽʻ˴Լӵʱ䣬ǰ谵ĵƹҫ£·ƺһЩʲôںģ˵·룬ı̽˳٣ӻͣ
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κѫֵʵ
׳ǰĵ·ϰȥ
ڼʻı̻ͷ˵͸ʻıһ³˹ȥ
·ϺŵĶһ޴ļװ䣬װź·ϣǡð·ˡ
ڵһ˿裬ǶǴ±꣬ΣųԱУ·Ϻŵļװ䣬̾͸о˸Σڡ
˻һƣһһϢĳһذףذƽʱͲҪʱ׵ľͿԶ
һǴγ͵ǹһһҵ˷ֿߣ滺װΧ˹ȥ
ңôСĸʲôûҾڶô
Сȥʱ򣬼װĶͻȻһ
һ̧ͷ˹ȥŷּװĶ֪ʲôʱһ棬ǸҲһɫ·˾Ȼһʼûв
ϸϸһ˼̳ûз˵ĴڣΪ˵·⣬Ϊղطû˵Ϣ˿ĸоûС
ܹʱϢһ־Ȼǣ̬дΪ衣
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ذ׵ڣֳذ׻ǰżװ䶥ϵʵ
Ǻǣǲ֪˭ΪܿǾˣǲҪ֪ôġ
װ䶥ϵ˻ڱԵϣȴڲ棬زͣĻζţƺûаڷϡ
ǸӰͬʱһ˫ǹıֱ͵һ٣ǹѾͬʱ׼ǸӰһ۶գۼʮӵ˳ȥ
ǹ˷ǳϸѵ书ǹеǵӦ֣ʮ׵ľڣǹ˵ǵ鷢ҪһֻӬߵĳ򣬾;ұߵĳ
ɾ׼ǹҲûκζ漯װ䶥ϵǸӰԷǶ˹ȥͷβһûֻͻȻʮŵɫĻ档
ЩһֵʱֻǾƮӰΧһٵתӵЩɫĻŸˣ˿û˵ǸӰ
һĻ䣬һͷҲصĽһ쿪׳뿪
䣬ںκѫߵλڣͬèһֱӴӺǰļʻϣ֮һתѾŻһԲͷ֮̿ٵȥˡ
ٺ٣ʱߣ̫𣿡
ǵӰƮƮĴӼװ䶢ɫķ¶ʱһ΢ƶñ֮¶һʮףȥɱ컪ڣҲǶʿһԱ
ڻ࿴һۣһȥͼһʱ䣬öκѫܹߵԶһЩ˵Щ˾׷ˡ

ڣ΢΢һϣ¶һ˿ЦݣʮŵɫĻֻ̼գۼĹ򣬾Ѿڵһ
ڵζʱôֱͦͦĵ˵ϣϢȫޣֱʱǵûиı䣬һΪ׳Ҫƴ顣
ڣսڣԶʹһ̶̥ĦϡԼ·һ𻨣ŶκѫĽγ֪ΪʲôͻȻĸ̥屬ѣƵڵϲ˴Ļǡ
ڳĶκѫڳʧȥ˿Ʋ໬ʱæץϷķ֣ûбһ˦˳ȥ
׳ȥ
ıͷҲص˵һ߿˳ţѾ˿һ˵·ϡ
ڲŸ³ûãһ䵭ɫĻʹԶһɿ˹ӱڵһҲֱֱĵ·ϣɲǼȫޡ
һĻκѫĿö˵ʲôҲ֪µڴʱ϶Ѿˣİˣ򿪳Ż
Ǿʲôˣ
κѫƽĿڣӰԶӰڵƹҫ±ԽԽ
ٺ٣ʲôˣίԱͲöˡ
ڣһЦ˵ǷǳȻǸձˡ
ߣ
ڣƮŵʮ䵭ɫĻ棬κѫüͷ΢ɻʵ֪Щصһ֪ô˵ҲίԱĳԱ֮һЩûۼҲ˵ġ
ίԱһ㶼ţͨĹԱȻһίԱίԱ֮һҵǿʼеˣϧע޷뿪ˡ
ڣ֣ܵĵɫʱһ·֪˵⣬ǴʱҲЩԾԾ


369 
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κѫûʲôŵɫڲЩ꣬ҲѪͽ֮ˣЩϮҲһΣ˸һ־
ǽѾ⵽˼㣬Ҳû˿ĻңΪ֪ҲܰʲôֻоѰҵһߵֻԼ
Ҿ˼ѵұĲ𣿡
ڣЦŶκѫʱһɱȻ
ٺ٣ͽ֮ˣȻҪҵҲûʵˡ
κѫƽ˵ߵ˵ڳߵڵʬԣĿ֮󣬴γһѶذǰѶذ˻
Ȥ֪ίԱҲڲӴģ֪ôʵʣأ
ڣһЦܵĵɫʧͬûгֹһ㣬ȻίԱô£ҾίԱ֣ҲöίԱúõľһ
һúɫ£ڣһ̫ķϣŶκѫյ˹ȥʵȫڶκѫ֮ϣ¶κѫܷ죬ʱ˿̣ŵһè׽ϷŪ
κѫû˵ʱκηϻǶģΨһ֤ԼľʵȻҲ֪غӵĶ֣ƾԷǵɫĻ棬û˿ֵķ
ⲢζκѫҪʹͶԷһ·ѪվҲ
ذתһȦκѫһͷڣǰ׷ΧʱͻȻһͳȥһŲ๴ڣȣͬʱŵذҲڣĲӻ˹ȥ
ѵĲʽľοٵĽˣ˸ֿٷŵ˺ͻɱ˵ļɣκѫܹڣЩϰҲżĹϵ
ûҲֻܰЩļϰˣеĲǻĹľϾӵеĹҲǷǳĶ࣬ЩڲﲢʲôһҲڲϵĸıಫļɡ
Щһ̭ڲѵĸֲɶǱǴɳ֮лڵĲ֣µֻʵõļɡ
ӶκѫʹļЩȻӸλǶ沢û£ʮֵݣͨ˱Ѿǿˡ
벻ίԱʵͦģЩһֱڼѵɣίԱλˣֶܼҵĿʼЩأ
ڣһЦô˿վԭأŶκѫĽŹС棬ǱذҲӰΣֱĨĲӸ
ذ׿ҪƲӵʱڣͻȻһΣһ̫ͺԤ׵ĵذ׵ǰ棬ٶȡͼɣ۴һ˵ҪԽκѫʮηκι
κѫһУڣСȵĽͬͼһӽڣﹴڵأԷ֮Ľ·Ѿģһ飬ڲѵʱĲɾʮֵĸ߳
һΣעҪʧˣôĹһ֮󣬶ԷξȻ˿δվԭأСȾͷ·𱻽˸ֽˮһ㣬ôĶ˵֮ϡ
ٺ٣ȻǶԸһǲһ㣬ֻôӵĻίԱҪ뿪ǲܵ顣
ڣһЦ̫һ̽κѫذ׵˿СϵļҲǹŤ֮󷢳һɸվ̾͵˶κѫŵĽš
κѫֻһɴذ׺ͽͬʱһɴ𶯣Щȵ岽ľ룬ȶΣŶԷеӣɫһЩıˡ
ΪϤĽ·Ȼû˵ַֺԷ߽ĹҲûзʲôվԭزܽ˿еʵ࣬Ƿǳ
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·ϷһĻһ·Ӱ˿һڰˣƷɱˡ
ԭ֮ǰ;ЩԾûа취⣬뵽κѫӶ⵽ɱö˸ۣ˳һ˶κѫĶ
ڶԿ᳡еļ豸ŷ˶κѫȻһҽİϷҡڵȥĿ⣬ԼҲǸһĵ·
һ֪֮ͨƷɣ˳Ŷָһ·϶ԶԶĵڶκѫĺ󷽣жʾƷɲÿĺֻܽԶԶĸŶѣԶκѫıҲûз˸ں档
ȵƷɽӽֳֶκѫĳѾڶȫ֪֮̾ͨһԵӰԶԶĿһС
֮ûǰȣΪݱȽΣΪһߣʱͻȻμӣǵõκѫΣпܻᡣ
ϾڻĵľڣеĲŵĿǰλöûְĻزţڰⲿţΪԼĹ䴫У״зǳҪ߽롣
ΪˣŶһԣѾľ˾ûʲôҲʲô鷳Խ漰κѫίԱͲĲˡ
ΪƷɵϢͣҹʱҲΣټ϶ŵĵطȽԶʵǿڣﶼûзĴڡ
Ʒܸʶ㣡
ƷɾĿŵ·Ϸ֮ʱһȴͻȻһƷ̻ת
ʱ˿̣ԷȻǲûʲô⣬ƾϢĽӽߣĻҲʲô£ƷɴʱУȴҲûȶ֣ⲻ׵ĺ˽Թ
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ĿŴӰﻺ߳ǸˣƷɫصʵ
߳ˣӲǷǳĸߣѾƫˣһ˵һ߾㲻׼ģƷɾ沿쳣
λ˿ûʲô𣬵۾λãȴһɫ˿˿۾λãһѪɫXķţXŵ˹øֻ۾ľ롣
ҵֽƷҲûƷĴΣðƷһ⡣
ԳΪİСӣǹһ˿ȣЦ˵
ıɣ۾˿ټ˿Xţ뵽һˣһ㱻˳Ϊۣ۾˰ɣ
Ʒɻ˵֪˶ԷݣǵûκεķɣеľɫŨˡ


370 µ۾
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Ǻǣ벻һ죬Ҳɴеأ
Цʱ˿̣ЦȴԵЩ졣
ƷɾĿǰСˣûΪԷС˶ԷҪ֪ܽ磬۵ĴѾպգеѾǶˡ
мʵСߣҲгѾõʵǿߣЩһⶼ۵Уû֪ôģ˿˺۶ûС
Źߣηǿߣ۵һʱٵĴܽ磬߶۵š
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츳Щ칦ܣһ̣ܶܣһҪ˶ֵֵʱ䶼ûС
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Ϊǲע⵽ң
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ѵͲ⿪Դľˣ
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ȻǿǷǳгģԲŻرĹע㣬ֻҪԸKingҿԴӦ㣬Ϊ⿪Դľ磬ҲԱ֤ûٸ㲼κεĽ硣
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ȻƷļҲͲǿˣоǿŤĹϲӲǱżҲûʲô˼ҪʱıѣǲҪͬ顣
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ѹҪһ쵽۾һ˫۾ҪǱͨ˿ˣˣֱǴӵӰ߳ħ֡
Ʒʵߣһο۵ĿҲǾĽ²˺һ˭һۼ⸱٣Ҳᱻһġ
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ЦʱЦǸòҪɭжɭټһ㱳ֵĻֲӰûױˣֱϳͿˡ
ۣרһĿİɣ
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̾˿һıΪƷKing֯ΪǷƷƺڻѾһKing֯ÿԸߵ񡣡
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˵ҾãǻǴˣƺƷKing֯ΪУ֪ǲ
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ǣһ˿΢ЦնĴ۾ֱĿƷ˵


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Ʒüͷ΢΢ԵĻɫĻǸղŸûбҪһٶֱӾͿԶʵ뷨ˣֺαضһ١
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˵ٶĻѾûˣȻʱҵңҲKing֯´ͨ˰ɣ
Ʒɻĵ˵ͷǱ˼ѾˣԷ֪King֮֯̾ţ˵Էֻ̽һ£ܲ֯С
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King֯Ĵ֯˵ΪãôֻնݳˣԺΪֵʰľء
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ڶκѫߵĲǷǳԶߵ·ҲȽͨУûʲôӵµ󣬵ȵʱ򣬸һûС
ڣǿĿѾǰг·м䣬״Ƕκѫ뿪ʱߵڴͬʱ˷ﴫ˶ʾ
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һ仰˵꣬û˵齻Ϳˣսһ㶼óʵҲҪʲôֻҪϵֳôһоͶðˡ
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һ̶̥Ħųͣ򿪳ವһ˳ʱ˿̣ټκѫʱǿίԱѾԭǸݲȵˡ
ϵװѾ˲ϡϡĹذڶ滹˿˿ѪҺڻ˳Ų£ѾѪҺȾˣҲһͷӡ
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ڣֻһֱϷˣκѫˣҪÿһλ˶κѫĹ̫ͻڶκѫһǳǳ˿ڡ
ֱϵֳκѫѾ㱻ڣʮΣҲ˵Ѿʮ˿ڣԲŻһѪĿӡ


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˵Ǵ̶ɲǳԶԶҲͱڣ﷢ˣǲ⣬һгӣôվﾲĵ˹ǰѾĹڵصĶκѫ
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ίԱǹ¼ץˡ
΢΢һЦץסκѫ̶ɹȥһۻ֮õĶκѫɫԵĺһЩҲ
ԭ㣡
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ĹڶԷ΢ҲҲҪϣ
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ҪСģԷǹŹ֣һٿһֵɫĻ棬ղźҶԴʱûʹ
κѫס֣С˵
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ǵȻԵ޹ʵĳӵԾִУôļ򵥣ûбɡ
ڣ΢΢ʼ磬һɵЦ
ǽӵӢ񣬻ֱKing֯İڲ
ûжȦӣֱ⡣
ٺ٣֪ϢӢַȻǲܸǶʿʲôģǿصKingǸˣôܺϵأ
ڣҲѣɴ֮ĳˣΪ϶԰ǰĶֶ˵Ҳη壬Ͼǲй¶κܵġ
ԭˣǺҵ˽˶Թǲ̫ģֳ˱ȽϴĶҲһֻ۱һֻۣڲϸƻжԶίԱ֣ǾͲԹˡ
ƽĵ˵ͷôʲõʲô𰸣ȻԷɴĳ˸ãҲ⿪ͷһЩɻ󣬶ǿ϶ҪֵģΣշӣԲ»ڡ
ǺǣţҼʶһʵ
ڣ΢̵ĿһЦݡ
ʱڵϢȫģһ˺ѲصϢΪԶпܣȻڣΪԶһء
˵һֹĵɫ棬Ȱ㻹ǳʩչ´Ͳˡ
ֵӲûʲôѾǸͱ׵ˡ
һŤȫʱһž죬һ΢ӵﴦӿ˳һʱ䣬СϪһͻȻ˺ƵĽӣǿ֮Ϣϯȫ
̱ĶκѫϢȵľȻЩۣǿ֮ܲͣϵҳ˿ֻǻƣѾǿᵽֵز
ڣЦɫǰ׳գղһҲֻΪ˼ֵŭ𣬲Ŀ˶֣ÿһʿʮֿµħѵѾԳ׵ĥˡ
ڶʿϣκεʧΪѾʧȥԣȻҲͲᱻԵжӰ죬ÿһεĳȷѡ񣬾侲Ŀǣʲôһʱ嶯
˿̼ʶչƣڣＸһ˲ٻ˸ղʧɫ棬ǿѾԶԶĳԤϣʱ˿̣ǵѾô֣ôܱסˣ
Ѿţսŵһʱһ߻ͶκѫĳҲͣ
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κѫϾȻҲһֲŭƣڼòͺͶκѫʮֵ񣬿ôһ£ʮֵľѹȸУо̳ͣʵ
֪ȥ
ڱϵһڣ̴򿪳ȥ
ʱͣĵطǰŴŵ꣬һ޼ʵĹ·Ҳ֪ʲôط·Ե·Ҳܻ谵

ǰһϣſ֮³鿴ı˵
ǣ
̵˵ͷǶκѫ֣˳ţڶ˵Уȥһˡ
ʲôӦֱӷס𣿡
ûжüͷһ壬Щõʵ
㲻ǵΪԼǶίԱ˰ɣ
ǺεȵʵȻڳ˵ҲȽСôĿģĻЦһѵ
УˣҲһѣûʲô˼
΢΢һЦ̶˳ǰʵ֪Уʱͣʲô𣿡
֣Ϊʲôһ·ôƽûκε˵ǰѾѾ˲Ŷԡ
ϴɻ飬ʵ
ҾͲ֪ˣûǸѵУϣǣ
ЦŻصɫ˿쳣
û˷ȻǺܺõģղǴӳϽȡһϢϢǴֻϷȥģûֻ֣һֵĴ룬֪ܲܽһ£
һЦóһ̨΢ŵԣʾһϢֻлҵĸ֣ûκȷ֣һҵԶԲϣһִ롣
˵ҸղŲСİֻɣЩַֻ߰ҰŻɣ
΢͵ϵϢͫײ΢һ£ϵı黹糣ûʲôı䡣
һĻӲĵķۣ񲻶Ծʱ֪˿϶ˣɱֵĺǵҲڸǴʵ
Ȼɫ糣ȸղſһңǼҲʼ΢΢ĳߵļһжˣǣղ˵ĸ滰
ƽЦ΢͵ֽһԵľˡ


373 ħ
Ȼıûж֮ܣ෢չ񣬲ֻܲܲĵ뷨һѧķ֧ͬһ㣬Ǿѧ
ĿǰھİͬǾͨóѧרңǰģҲⷽĸ֣ȻûܵĸͨѧΪҲƵ顣
һ˵ĻͨһЩֳʱͫ׷Ŵ۽ǲȻĳ鴤ԼһЩϸ΢
ЩǾ˴ѧо֤ͨñ׼Ȼһǳ׼ȷҲоѵعרҵԱЩǱϾֻ
ǰȻ߱ĵǰɫ糣һĵ沿ϸ΢ıѾ
ǿʵעڹ۲г˵ԣЩϸ΢ıһıȻҲ֪϶ѡ
ѧжϲ֪ԷʲôһͶ϶ǲܱģϾܣѧֻһſѧ
˵Ҫ֪Է뷨ֻҪȷ˶ԷǲѣԼԷĿľˣݣǺܹġ
ôû˵ˣ
ƽ˵
ȻѾ϶ˣ˵ʲôûõˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷƺԩһ㣬Ѵֵĵͷϣ˼Ϊ޴ӱ粵ֻˡ
Ǻǣ㲻װ⸱ӣܵϢֻҪһʱƽѣ㲻˵ǾͲ֪⾿ʲôݣȵǸʱгɾ̫ˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˻֣ߣսеͨѶߣҪϸļ飬ȻϵίԱûʲô
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˹Ѻ󣬺ܿͽˣϵ˶κѫǱߵıڣͨ绰û˽ӡ
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һС˹ǰ㱨һ
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ĵ˵ͷüͷ΢΢Ȼ޷ϵ϶κѫǱߣ˵Բʲôͷ鿴һ¶ίԱϵĶλϵͳھʲôλ
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ת˿һĹ򣬾С˻棡ίԱĶλϵͳѾ״̬ʱ޷ܵźţ
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һ֪Щˣ̰ԭ·߳ϳ
һӵʱ䣬ƺƵĳӾѭԭ뿪ܵ·һ·ѰȥϵϵϣӱĶλϵͳˣ쳣̾
߽˶κѫһڼ֮ʱǱڣҲѾ֣˫սһʼͽ˰Ȼ
ȻηڣǵɫĻ棬ģʨӲȫɲֵ᷸ͼĴΪӶ﷭
͵ķ˲ͨӿȪѨӰһ㣬ԭһ֮Ѿ˲䵽ڣߡ
ĳ˳ӿĿʱһκˣΧĿ类żĺһ㣬˾޴ĺХʮƵȷϸٱ
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ڣͷȫƮ𣬱Ʒ紵Ľһ󻬶ͼסΣ»޷Ӳڵϻۼ
ǿĵˣڣҲû˿ºηɫԶʿ˵ЩѾʧˣǸ֪ʲô־塣
˵ǿֻἤĶ־ҪܣҲҪ˵˵ĵϸ󣬲ŻѰ˼ӳ죬Ϊ˸Ķʿ׼ȷ鱨һζԸ˵ʱʹá
һֱһ̫ڱڣ˳һ̫κѫŰĲΣôдǾǻ֮ˡ
ڣһ㣬һ̾ͳ̫óȫʵӦǰĵˣܵĵɫҲȻǣһ˲ĹͱһɫĻǽǰ
һֱǶɫĻǽϣڲɫĻ;ι˵ģȫ¶ܲɫĻҪҲͻı
ƴ͸Ƕɫǽʱɫиǿ͸ʴ̾ʹ˹ϸȻڿٵڣЩڵ䵽˶ԷɫС
΢΢֮£̳֣һˣֱ˻ǽķΧ֮⡣
ٺ٣û˸濹᪴ߵħ㻹ǵһ
ڣҲǾһ£û뵽ȻĻǽ֮󣬻ĳȻоǽôһ֣ȻۻȣǽյֻǷǳٵһֶѡ
᪴ߣǴ͸Ǹձػ񣿡
΢΢𣬿ڣǰǻСĻǽʵ
֪Ļ٣Ȼ᪴ߵ֪ǶʿΨһǰ᪴ߣ͸ǿǵǣʹӵǿ
ڣһ˿ȣһػѾػձǧ꣬а᪵ĴڣձڸȻֺʧˡ
ǧǰ᪴߾Ѿˣ
ע⵽ڣﻰеҪ׷ʵ
᪴ߵԶǵ󣬿ЦЩ֪ߣΪԼʲô߳ѧڰ᪴ߵǰȫѣ飡
ڣޱȵ˵Ȼ԰᪴ߵѾ׵ʧԼ
ǧʱ䣬ʹǶ˵Ҳһݵʱ䣬ܹӵԪҲԪӤϵߡ
ڣﲻںĻô᪴߿϶ޣֻǲ֪Ϊʲô䵽֮ϣǧʱ䡣
ĿǰȽܹ˵ͨɣҲֻһˣȻľĵط֮ã϶Ѱһ뿪ˡ
ݵֵɫĻ棬ǰ᪴ߴ͸ǵ
Χڣﲻתĵɫ棬۾΢΢
ǰ᪴߶ҳϵĽֻͣǲܲٿûκεĿܡ
̫ǰڣһ˿ɱ⣬κҪӰ֮᪴˶һӹ񣬶ûκε⣡
һ仰˵꣬ڣѾȷ˹µĲⷴգٶȾȻĿ죬ղŹٶȾȻҲ£ԭһĲӰ
ܵĵɫҲɿĳ˳ڣٶȻҪôһ˿һǰһ˲ǰȷǿһĵɫ档
ֻЩ˲ըһɫС߾ʹӻ˳ſҧȥ


374 ѹ
ЩɫĻûɫСߵʱڣ̫ҲһĨĹâ˲նʮٵĵ۸˿
κε߶ڣﵥƾʹ߶˵Ĺֵûģٶ˲˿γ˳ĿС
˫صĴûкˣΪĶκѫ˽ֵĲ˴󣬶һԶ̵Ĵһ˵˶κѫɲܱ֤һܾȵûκѫ
һȻը񱩵˲ͨȫ£һһ޴ͷϴ˳״Сͷſ˾죬ڣҧ˹ȥ
׵Ĵ߶˿񱩵ĽӳĽʮƵȴʼ˻ҪһΪصԣǴʼҲûа취ġ
Ĺһ𣬶ʱһ޴漴һȦۿɼĳʹĴɢ˳˲䵽Χ׵ĵط
һʱ˶κѫǰһתɢĳıӻκѫҲˣ򵥵ɳѾסˡ
ڣǱǱľ޴ˣֱЩɫĻΧƵܣһ𻷵ס˳ǿͣ˽Ų
ҲԿڣʵ֮϶Ǵвģ̵ĲЩĵɫĻѣûЩ棬Ʒɶ򲻹˵Զˡ
սΪȻǲŹؼأղģĿľҪڣʵôǿ
ӸղŵıóһۣǾڣʵԼҲڽң֮ԿǳǿȫΪЩɫĻɵġ
һûʲôЧķֵЩɫ棬Ҳڣʵ̫ǿֻþҪԭΪûа취ԸֵɫĻ棬ҲζֻܱѹŴ
ֵɫĻ沢ûʲôη֮⣬Ҳֻܿɺ͸ʴ¾ƴΪҲ԰ڣڵ
ҪһǣڣֵɫĻƵʹãκʽҪʹãҪԶԶϵӦ֧֣ͺ޸ĸƼһܳ־á
ؼһ㣬ǾڣֵɫĻ棬ûǿĿһӸղŽֵʱѾķǳˡ
һιʱ򣬻ٶҪڣٶȿ죬ҲһοԽͳڣҪݴεĹϾӦֵĴ
ǵڶʱ޷粵ˣԶԶɵڣܵĻȻһʱ޷׷ȥӰһȫٿȫǲͬն
˵ֻȴѾٿˣôΣյʱֻҪһͷЩ̾ͻֱӻص˵ߡ
ڣȴʵϵɫһ׷ڣΣչһȦסڣ塣
ʮĵͣʹõǸĸߴķȴĲٿأ³˺ܶ⡣
ӵһǿķȻںֱȶʱռƣǿַ֣ȴȫΪ׸ܰԵУпܺɥ
ԸԳƿطΧķַԸֻںܶ෨ʩչûϵķֻҪ鷳һˡ
еĳ̶ȻһЩѵʵ𣿡
ʱ˿̣ڣѾȫû˶κѫĴڣеעеϣ̫͵һĦһĻ𻨡
ǲʵͻ֪ˣȻôҲɣ
΢΢ҡҡͷһ飬轣λεĳʣʹô谵ĹâҲڸ轣ŵӨ
ý벻ȻЯϺõĽ
轣ڣƺǳ˷ܣĳɫϿѾǲһѼƷû뵽ĳЩıȻȻǴĹȡ
㲻˽Ķкܶ࣬Խ뻪ĵأһľϧںѾˣ
ȻһЦ轣֣ԸЩɫĻ͸аˣͨʹĸִ轣϶Щɫܹ׸ʴġ
Щİ᪴ʹóҲ轣ȥֵЩѾԴ͸ʹã֪Щ϶Ѿǰˡ
ûйķϻһٶϣ轣ЩηˣóٵĹٶȺ轣ЩӶӴ
ÿһŻոչʱ轣ǽһǲûһܹӣ轣֣ʵٱȸղŻһࡣ
ʵĲ಻ΪϵߣǴڱȶʱܷӳս轣ͲηЩ濿ԼӶ˷Ѵȥ塣
Ľӿ죬ЩɫĻѾĸٶȣڣٶȻҲܿ죬ֻ˲䱬ٶȣĹȣܿԶԶġ
ûжõĹڣĹ¾ѾμˣǿŵɫİæѾɥ轣£ǻֵܵôá
ʵֻô뿪˰᪴ߴ͸ǵǾôһ𣿡
һߴһ˵ô΢ʵֱǶԲҿڲٿ涼еģٹһĹ϶ذɡ
ٺ٣Ϊܴ̫ˣ᪴߾Ϊǵ΢ԲŻ͸ʹ
ڣһЦ﹥˵ûκεãҪʹð᪴Ķʿһǲ׶ֵģǲǿߣ
⻰ʱˣʿȺȻи߽׵ߴڵģڣ˼ЩߵȽӵĶʿѾҪٽ᪴ߵ
ĻôЩʿʵеˣĿǰλãֵɫĻɱǷǳãôʵжǿ
е֮⣬һе轣̻ûʮӰ˲ͽڣߵĻȫ˿轣ҽǰĻһԲֱɨڣؿڡ
֮ûж׼Ҫλ֣ΪҪ׽ʿȥúõ˽һصڲ顣


375 Կ
еĵɫ棬ڣﲢûл񣬶һŤ̫ѾӲͬķ۵ǰȻǸ轣֮ʱס˻Ľ⡣
ڣӦٶ֮죬Ҳһ̾ղʹ̫ļҲ̾Ϊֹһϵʹüɣ֮ǰû
ò˵ǴǧĶʲôȻĵطǾԲ˳ʱ仹ܾò˥ģвûкû֣֮ͬħڵĹһܹԶһ
ڣȻǵס轣Ľ⣬֪һ飬Ǿ轣ʵһղγ轣ʱΪĴ߶ԽһֱǱֱģڣ
ּĸ֣һʧԾսֵڣǳһʧʽѾϣֻΪ˵ס轣Ľ⣬һ¾͸ᡣ
˲ջһ֣轣Ľұһ˳̫˽ȥ󽣼ϵһ£ŽĻζ˲ڣؿߴѨ
һж˲Ϣ֮䣬ղŵĽʮƽٱĸﵽ˼㣬ôʹ轣ǽСɾϸĹ򷢻ӵ˼£߹ͬͬһ˵ϣ˲ʱմҵĸо
ڣһһ˿ŵɫȻû뵽СɹȻҲʹõ˳뻯ղŵϸ΢֮ı仯һ˸ʵѾǵ춨ʤĻ
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ŵڣؿڣȻǰû˿ڣΪʿȻԻĵѧʮ˽ģϾȻձͻ֮ѧʮֵƵڻѧеѨʮֵ
ȻΪ书ͬЩѨλƲһʲôӰ죬ѨôȴһģһģЩѨλһƣÿ˵ķӦͬģκε⡣
ʱ˿̣еߴؿڴѨֱӷڣӿѪҺκ˵ѪҺͨһ⣬ǲ书ĸ֣һġ
ĹſʼʩչɲҪʧ
е轣΢ĲĿڣ˵
ٺ٣Ȼ㶼Ѿʹ湦ô˼׾أ
ڣЦղűɵЩɫʱַ˻ûЩʼնڣߣ뿪̫Զľ롣
˻ΧߣڣƺָֻһЩղűлһ˲䣬һ˲䱻ǹĸоһ㰲ȫжûУ·ʱʧȥ
Ϊԭ̶ܴЩɫĻ棬Ҳߵʱʵ㹻ˣּĸ֣ûеɫİǾԲ˿ġ
һλĻع飬û֮ǰһֱΧڣߣ˼Ȧ֮ͷ׷ڣ۾͹ıɫͫƺһϸСĻڻ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ڻһ˲䣬͸оڣղűյĴѨȫ˿ѪҺֿʼָͨС
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ԭǺܼ򵥣ҵ𣿡
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Ѫһ׸߽׵Ϊ֮ǵɱҪʵõĶ࣬Ҫȿô鷳һŨͬԴﵽԻ˵Ŀġ
˵䣬ξͻȻģܿʼӿֳ˴
ڵĻʹóЧȻ֮ǰ࣬ǹ̿ɾʹͬˣԭֻ֮γɵڵǿеˮӿ˳
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ڣĵطĴڣŴˮ൱Ķӣһӵʱ䣬κѫѾ淢ˡ
ڣͿ˭ҵԷˣ
еһЦ轣ʱ˵⣬Ĵʼɨ˵£ƬΧڣڣûе˵Ĵڡ
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Ϣصĺܺãϴƾ轣ڣҪķλѣʱţѾĲڣķλ轣ɨڣƶķΧѹԽԽС
ôܣƾһԽսǿߣȻˣǲûбƽ⣬ôܻ˿쿴ҵ
ˮĶʿ˿ʶҽսֳ׵Ťת˿Ҳһ˿Ҳ֮ǰƽ
ΪҶҪĶ࣡
һһ䣬Ƶһ˵ĵطе轣ֱһâſһ˵ĵطɨ˹ȥ
轣ոյǴط֮ʱڣӰҲóͷ·ԼһóĽ
һ˿ɫڣ̫̽ǰһĦ󣬵ͻȻȼ˵ɫĻ棬̫˷һ㣬ֱ轣
еֻǷУҲһлܼЧϧˣɲͨıУ
ƽ˵ͻȻ͵Ĺע轣Ľ̷һ·õǿӳ֣轣Ҳʮֵĸһ
ĸɵ轣ټǿעӳֻ֣ǽӴһ˲䣬̾ͽڣ̫гΣҪΪڣԼӭ򻹲ĸ³
ôܣ
ڣһӦٶҲǷǳ֮죬˫һӳ˵ɫѾֶͼ˹ȥ


376 
һû׼ô׵ķŹڣˣ͵һ׷ֱӱܿڣͶɲǻı壬ûԶһ֮Ѿûκвˡ
轣Ҫ̵ڣ֮ʱŨͻȻɢһһ˿ͨһӰȰ˽ĺ󱳾һ˹
һƻĹУƻڲϵıãû֮ǰԷҪƿƵķΧǳĹ㣬ȫ¡
΢΢һ̴ӷ˶ԷٶȺȨ֮͵ĳ轣ηתͬʱѾǸһĳۻ̻֮Ҫ˵ڣ
˲ᱻһƻѪڣ̻ص˱͵Ϯ֮˵ϣ轣û˵⣬̽ȫ¶
ԷƺأһʱҲֵ·Ҫֱӻ֣ܶҪһʱԼй״̬нѳ
ͻȻ͵ϮˣѾɹĽ˷еĽһҲǷƷǹ԰Ĵү轣ƤźâС
²һˣ˹ϵֺ˿˵ٶȳٶȫȥ磬ɼĿѾһǳľ硣
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εе͵һȻһ֮ٶȷǳǿ󣬵Ҳǽֻһ֮һ֮ױ˷ƣεˣȥ֤һ㡣
ΪЩǶûңȴȥƵ˰εϣεѾ˳նˣΪļԵֵһˡ
ٹЦҽεѾˣԶʿҿնʮߵÿһһǿ֪ܳŵڼ
䣬ٵӰͻȻʧˣһֵĹûκεԤף߽۵Ĺâǵмٻƿâ
ûʲôŵɫͷβɫûһתе轣ѾˮһûжƾʽӲٵ嵶
Ȼʢ֮ʿʵֵҶø
ٵӿдѪЦΧĿռϵ𵴣ı˷ĴЦ
ߣ
ûбЩЦӰ죬ֻǾ̶̫ˣźܲȻӿ˺ͷһͳߣǿ̵𵴲ѵЦ
ٵûȥЦڶʱܳʮĻ棬ЩԱڣҪϲ٣˵ʵȷڣ֮ˡ
ն
֮ΧĻ׷Ʈĳ֮ϣܾͻȻ˰˵ĵӰȸղŵƻҪ٣ױȡ
ٶ쵽ûпǴӺζֻЩƮ˳֮ͻȻͳЩӰٶȾȻѾ쵽ֵز
ǰ᪴ߴ͸ǵ𣿡
صĻ֮ѾǵڶμʶˣʹóԱڣҪǿĶ࣬ߵʵһϵġ
վԭûʮִݵĻӶе轣ǺĶȴ˲䲼һ㽣ĻϸĽĻȻʮֵᱡȴĵסϮİ˵Ӱ
ƻʵ죬Ѿﵽ˵ľ磬׻ڣˣʵȻǷͬСɣ
ٵӰӿ֣赭дĽնڿʼܺãŸ˼׵ɱ㣬̫Ȥˣ
ʵֻЩĻҪ˻㡣
ƽĿһ٣˵
ҵʵڲչֳ
ٵȻǷ֮⣬ȴûκα飬ǳĹ죬ƺһһ㣬Щǵ
ԭֻڵϵĻ棬ʱȴͻȻǻϨˣЩȫ˵֮УԭŰ׹ĳʱ˿Ѿ˳ĵУð˿˿İ̡
Ӷһеĳ쵶У̻һĻ⣬ںЩ֮ʹֻĻӶҲɵĵȼɼֻ֮ȷǷǳǿ

ĵͺһٵĶͻȻĻֻǰһ̤Ķƺһ㡣
ȴ΢΢һ̺˵һе轣ǺԤ׵ĵǰ轣յؿ֮ʱһĻǰˡ
ǳĵлƿ֮ʱȼĻ⣬ٵٶȾȻˣٶѾ쵽ԭµĲȻ˵·˸ûƶһ
ķӦ֮ҲܾˣѹֿڣѰҵôѪ˵֮ƽֶεȷǷǳĸ
ٵŤĿдЩ죬֪Ե¼أ׵һûзӵһϣҿһжǿ
Ӹղſʼһеʱپ嵶ڶеʱǰ˵İεʮնѾóʮղŵĵնһѾǵʮĵˣľǵʮ嵶
Ҳ뿴ʮߵжǿ
һЦ·ʹδһ㡣
ߣϣʵһ
һûκεԤףĹȻˡ
֮ͬǰδ֪һ轣鶯֮תһ⣬ڲ浲ٵĵʮ嵶ʮ嵶ûиղʮĵǿҵĻ⣬ȴһ
ʱѾƾѾ޷мʹðε٣ΪεͿԽƵĸʹ߱
ҲΪʲôεֻһеԭΪԲڶİεһʱѾǽ߾ȫˣ۱жǿεӳǻᳬԽһء
ȫ޷ĹʹεʱҲ޷ʱǸʱҪСһȥƴȫôԶҲ޷İε
԰εŻὥĳУΪһָ޷ĽĵһǰĲǿûκεķʹֿǿһĵ
ֵ˵ʮ嵶֮ûκεӳ٣²µһת轣Ѿһͷλõסһµĵ⡣
ѾȫϵȵϢûй¶ֻеǳ֮ɫ·ʲôͿһ㣬Ļ档
ǵȴǿһ־˵ĵزһ֮ǰжʧû㹻ʹãµĵʱ˿
Ϊһ˲жϳǿĹˣǧһ֮ʣȫǽһŤ··һ㣬̽ж˵֮ϣӶӲӵĺ
̫ȭûȴѧϰʽ̫ȭľ裬жİõȫÿһط
ܺãһͿ㾿ܲܽˡ
û뵽µʮô磬ɱʱҲ˿Ϣ˾ͷ·ƾʧ˷
üͷһ壬жʱ˼ޣʱͻȻʧ˵ɲʲôϢƾٵٶȣȫڶûκηʱֱһб
ȻϢʧ֮ͻȻһɫӰ·ռ䶼һ㡣


381 ֮
ںɫĲӰֵһ˲䣬̲һɼΣУΣв֮ǰֻ˵ĸоܵв
Դ书ڣ⻹ĸоһγУɼٵĵʮߵȷѾǿ˿вľ磬пǳڵľ硣
࿼ʲôȻըȫӿŨ֮Щֵ˲ڷת·ͷһת
תҲ˲ת˹ǵɫĲӰ̳ǰ
ǿ
еľʱᵽߵ㣬ɫĲӰȻп˿ռ䣬Ȼ½ĿռȽϱִ򶷵ʱ׾ʹÿռ飬ҲҪǺڵĸ֡
ڵľ˵ǺˣڶԶˣȻ˿ռ䣬ɫĲӰֻΪȫЩ֮˼֮󣬱˺ɫѡ
ĵâȻҲǺͻһɫˣѾɺɫתɺɫľ磬ɼҲǷǳľˡ
ͨ۵һ̶֮󣬷ӳҲɱĵӣ˵ǰ᪴ߴ͸µĻˣǿһϸĻ棬ôҲи޶ȡ
һΣȫеͷ·𳹵׵һ㣬ۻ֮Ҫӵȫ۵е轣֮ϡ
Ȼɫĵâƻ轣ɲܺ轣ĸȣʱ轣ûʲô£סɾͻ군ˡ
õ˴ע轣϶ʱһĿĹâʼ΢Ĳ·ΪעеһԵϲá
ķһ˲䣬תΪ轣עһжգ֮ˣ֮·һ⽣轣һµĹ켣̾ײǵɫĵâ֮ϡ
ռ·ɲǼˣ֮ײһ𣬲û̾ͷը໥ʼɣΪ涼Ѿ˼ޣԻ᲻
ͨĵطȻǿΪб̺ͷǳ٣һʮ۵̱
ֻٵĵâĽâںϵĵطڰ׵Ĺڷ˸ţʱɫһ֣һֻ˰ɫĹˡ
ʮֵۣһҪԶԶĳͬߣΪ⣬Ϊؽָİͱȱ˿١
ټϺͼһٶȺٶȶдȵߣڴʱӳ˼Ҫá
ʹĻ沢ʱ۵Ļ֮϶ҲڲٿأΪ̺˰᪴ߵ־
Ȼ˿־ǳ΢ܲǻֻۣܱıԼˣҲÿһλʹûĶʿǰ᪴ڴЩʱ󸽼ӵһ˿־
ڻķۣ϶Ҳǽ˰᪴ߵһ־Ͼǰ᪴Ļ棬Ƿ˿ȫƿصģҪǿеĿƣҲҪﵽԪӤϵľ硣
Ȼһٿ϶ǲģԲںɫâͰɫ໥ɵǰ᪴ߵ־ԲٿأĽâ϶ͱˡ
ĽâڻȨȻٶЩȫԲһ£ΪɫٶԽԽȶʱҲԽԽ
Ͼÿһ˿̺Լ־ٿȫǵӦ֣Ƚ϶ԣɫâȻҪİɫ⣬û˿Խвٿأһռ˱ˡ
ֻǶ̶̵һʱ䣬˵ȴһôÿһֱ仯ö˵֮ãķչϾǳŶһȥٿɾûôˡ
벻ȻѾ۵̶ֳȣҴ۽磬һûĸ˵۵̶ֳȣھߵҲûм
ͻȻɳƵ֮ǰȫһˣڵ͸һɷζ·Ҫߵ˾ͷһ㡣
һЩ˻Ԥ֮⡣
ҧŬưɫѵԶԶ٣Ͼٲû˼ȥٿغɫâۣЩǰ᪴ߵ־ڲٿء
ٺ٣ҵʱ䲻ˣҲںȥˣʮ˵Ҳֻģһ˼ԼڣͰ͸ɣ
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Щȫ˵âʱԭõĵâͻȻը˿ϰƬѵĺɫƬЩƬŮɢһ㣬׵ĸȫ£ûһ˿˿˷ѡ
Զͷ·â˲ѣγһһСĺɫĻȫһ׼֮ΣҺû˿ƫҪֱӡȥһ
âըѵ˲䣬ֻ΢΢ͣһɲǵĹͼٵ壬Ͳٿ轣Կԭĺɫâ͵â֮ľס
һͻȻı仯ﶼûʲô׼عʱ򣬵âγɵĺɫƬѾǽǰһ˲ͻˡ
ʱ·һɲǼˣͻȻһ΢ֵ˲䣬һصĹ켣ϵζһ̣Ȼըѡ
ӵﴦӵֱһ׳۳֮ϵƬֺ֣˵Ĵͷצˡ
ͨ˼ˣ˵ΪˣΪ֮Ѿȫʵ廯ˣһ˿õӣô
֮סˣͬʱڲͣζâѵĺɫ㣬Ҳڽӽǰһ̣ζ֮
âѵĺɫƬͬˣϾ֮Ļֻ֮һӴĹɫƬֱǶ֮ȻûǶĺҲ˴塣
֮·ľһ㣬ʱ׷һƳлԼһ˿ʹ֮⣬ȻЩɫƬҲĪʹ
кһ֣֮ʱٶӿ˴䵽֮ڣõ֮ʱһ͵Ĺ
һ̣ͼЩǶڵƬı˳ȻٶʮֵĻǵȷ𽥵γһαƿˣ


382 ֮
ۼʼ֮õ˵ۻʼƳڵЩɫâƬжʱ΢΢һϲæӴ
ԴԴϵ֮ڣɫâƬٶȶʱļӿ˴Լӵʱ֮еƬͻȻ΢һɢ˿С
΢΢һ㶣׷ʲôʱǰԶĿͻȻֳһɱӰһͷȻʵĺɫֱϳǾȻǸղŵ١
ʱǰ٣ȫƤѾɱȥѾݿ£ǳĿ£͵ͬһһ㣬Ѿûһ˿Ѫɫ
۾ﻹһ˿âֱһѾǧľ
Ǻǣóܾȡ
΢ٵĿд˳Χʮֵİпôģ
ȷû´ĻʹõʮߵҪ׼еɣ
ĵ˵ͷһеʱȫ˻ȥ֮Ҳһ͵͵۾·һĿһҲֽ˴»ص˵֮С
ڵѾòŽн䱸ˣٲڵ׵ĹˣѪⶼ׼˸ղŵĵʮߵڵѾǵ;ƿݵĹͷ·ҲȲˡ
ʹõʮߵҪ׼ȫ᪴ڻڵ־ƾұǸ޷ֻġ
ϵƤ΢΢һ£һ˿Цû뵽ʮߵܶȥ̫Сˣʮߵܻ㣬һпܴġ
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ƽĿ˵
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ʮ˵ȷǳԽ֮ǰеһУ԰εĸĽҲǰʮʹó˺ҲǷǳİɣ
ĵ˵ͷ츳׿Ķ֣۶ԷаǱһ˿⣬޹غԷ飬ֻΪԷ츳еԵѡ
εһʹãÿһᲪԽ޵ͨʹһѾʮѵˣ˵ʹʮҪĴȻǺܴġ
˿˵İεҺܶѪڿվֻһʧܵĵ书վ;
ıǿ壬Ϊ˻壬һ˵ȷѾ;ˡ
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ʵӦûʲôԻɵģıҲǲСϴڹ·żȻ佻һΣҾͷʵǳľˣڿԶԶô򵥵顣
˵Ǳߵʱһ£ȻѾûʲôˣҲóˡ
Ҷ˵绰֪ͨ۶Աʰһ׼أһǸչ̨մȾѪľ׶Ҳ뿪˲ֳ
صҵʱ򣬼ŮѾȫˣڿˮˣʱ϶¶ϲɫ
ôˣҶܸ˵ӣ
Ц˽ȥ
ǱѾûʲôˣղŽӵ˰ְֵĵ绰·ͥѾˣֻһڲĴ֣ͿԻؼˡ
ʮָ˵˵
ŶôͻȻͷųˣ
ɳϣһƻ
˵Уһ󹦣ӺݺݵĳһЩ鶼籾ҲûɴټϰְһЩϵô»СС»ˡ
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ԭ̫ˣγ֮󣬿Ҳôùġ
˵ͷ˵
Ϊʲôô˵
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ȻôҹȥˣϾҪھȥĴŻᣬݺݵĸԼһ֣֮£ԵЩˣ˵Ĺϵ»š
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Щ鶼Ժ˵ɣȰǰѹضɹȥҪһֱŵĻҲҲὫﰡ
صǿĿǳЦݣɼ辸˵ȷһʮֵҵ顣
˵ҲԣܱҪõĶԣɵĻ
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粩֮ڼϢһڣڻָȫʢʱڵ״̬
ٵһսȻ˵Ӯʤڵ֮⣬ȴֻ֮ʹѾȫĳڵ롣
֮ʹó֮һУʵΪʱѾ޷룬ʱҲʹõıˣԲŻᵤױǿд߶ʹһС
ǿд߶ǶԾˣԴȫκһطӿɵ˺Ѿֻھ˼͹
ͬʱܴʹҲòСĵһ֮ãǽյĴ˶ָ˹Һñ;ͨ͵ܲôĻָһ˵顣
֮УҲûջڼҵ壬ĵ˳ҲоһݵҩҺû뵽ײ֮£ȻĵƳҩҺ䷽
˼ʮֽĲԣȷҩĿԣʹõҩĶϿչ࣬Ҳǳϡ٣ȫԴʹá
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΢΢һЦϢơ
̫ˣô˵ĻҩҲԽˣ
ɫҲһϲҩԿʼģľ˾ʱͿγɺǿս˵Ҳһɶú顣
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ݵһ˹ģҩ̾Ϳˡ
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΢΢˵ͷ˵ҩԽ֮󣬷õİȫԴӣֻǶܵĸʱóһЩȫû⣬ͨѵǿûҪҩȥðա
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˵ͷҶ˵绰
ְ֣ôڱ
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ȫ͵ɱȥֱ͵ѵ֮УҪ￪һֲרݡ
û˿ԥ˵֮ǰѾǹˣڷɱ׵
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ҲûжΪʲôľ֧֣ûлɹֺ
·֮һƣת뿪˰칫ңһĹ͵˵ͣͼĺɫͺպŴͣ˳ٵ뿪Ŵá


384 滪
ٵĸϵڴãһ֮½İ칫滪
һʱû滪ָֻԭʱƣ˿ʮֵĳȣҲٶȻָϲŭɫ״̬¶һ˿΢Ц
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΢΢һЦ첽ߵ滪ߣ滪һ
ϴŦԼһֱ춼ûлһ棬лҵİ̫ʧˣҪ֡
滪ҡҡͷǸһЦ
ܲضǣܲǨƣ˵Ҳһ飬˹֮ҲкܶҪЩҶף鲻ʱǺ顣
ʮֵİοһ滪ڰ칫ߵ½½ϸ磬ôŽҹʲô𣿡
ţҲйأǱǳһСİԲŻ뵽ϵܹæʵҲû취飬ϵǰոæ격飬ǲӦôϵϢġ
½ЩҡͷЦЦ
ЩĻͲ˵ˣ½ϸĪǻҵ˲ɡ
˰֣תͷ۵滪ϣǾܽʲôɡ
ʵҲǺܸӣǵʱǴŦԼʱߵЩżˣһӹ˾һҪĶо˺ܾõĳɹΪ˷ֵֹȡǻֻֽļ
滪˵ͷ˵һļǵʱûдߣͱᵱֻˣǰʱҰ½æȡļΪȱļݣǺܶоƻƳٺܳʱ䣬ʧܴ󡣡
ôʲô
ɴʵѾˣȻˣûгɹȡǷļġ
½ҲȥᣬһεжǺ˳ǷļݷǳҪᵱҲʶļҪԣǲصҲǳŵ˲ûֵʲôô
滪̾˿΢΢ҡҡͷ
ŵֵ𣿡
üͷ΢תͷ滪
ȫˣһȥ˰˸ˣ˻ʱǷǵ书Ѿ׵ķϳˣϻ˲̶ͬȵİˣԺͨ˶ˡ
½ɫص˵һ˿⡣
书ϳˣ
΢΢̧ͷɻʵ
˲ûɱǣǼܵǣϳǵ书󻹽ͻ˻ġ
½ȻƽǽŵȭͷѾ¶ģȻʱǲܻƽġ
½ϸ˼ǣǹôɵģ
侲ʵ
Ǿǹǣ򲻻Ὣ˷˻ǵʵ֮ǲܰȻĴ᳷ġ
½صĵ˵ͷ
ô˵
˼һֱʵǲס߲ģʱ½ˣҲǽϲָ
Ѿҽ˴ЩҶˣֻС£Һ޲ֵǳǷʹ࣬ôҶУָʾǱԵı
½ѹ˵
ԵıԴ
ü΢΢һ
κĴ˱ŵǲܾôβܵģһŵҲǻˣӴΪҵЦ
½ĵ˵ͷ
᲻ǰʱɭ˻йأǲŻоǽһ棿
Ʋ
ҪأɭҲĸˣȫ˻ģεжҲпԼߵ顣
½ҲͬĹ۵㡣
ôжأ
˼һʵο϶жˣϾϴŦԼѾ˽ˣҲˣټϻص˹ڣֺһֽ֣һɹĽȫˡ
ۺЩϢҪǲȥִбƻĻѡ֮һ
жѾƶˣҪγЩķֲѾϸļƻЩֲǾǳڵ飬ȷûзǳĸ֣ȥĻӦ㹻Ըˡ
½˵
ôҪôأһЩߣ
һ½ʵĿǰΪֹһ֪ߵľʽǵ洢ҲǷǳҪϳǵͬʱֲ˺ǵЩѡ
ϵܾͲõˣѾ˰취
½˵ͷӳóһֻװָͷϸĲڵĺɫҺ壬ǱµоɹǳΪ˻ӦþҩĹЧ˰ɣ
˻ĪǿԽߵܻӴ˱һͨˣ
֧ɫҺ壬üͷ΢΢һ
ȷǿкܵҩʹһЩƣĿǰԵĽǿԵļڵܣ弶ʱûа취вԣ֪ûЧ
½϶˵
ԵļڵܣҲˣߵϢ̫ĵİɣϾ˵ļ߿弶ϵȻǷǳٵġ
һ˿ɣû뵽ȻȻƳ˻ֿµҩ˵ҩ±˻Ҫѹ
˵ĺܶԣ˻ԵļµȼڵܣǴӴ˻عͨ˵Ϊ˶Ըǣʽ
½Ŀһۣ˵ҩʹҲô׵ģϾǲվע˻ǻᷴܣҪƷǣڲ˺£ע˻
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΢΢ҡҡͷѳ˵ǰͷȻʱ黹ֲ˺ãǿɾû˼ˡ
Ȼûо˵ҿȷı֤һжȫΪһǰᣬЩвֱӶֻɱǣûҪʲô
½˵ȻܹƷǣҸע˻ˣֻ֮Ҫסһ仰۳ʲôҪΪǰᣬһжԻ˵
ˣβô˹ȥˣҾʹ۹ȥɣ
˵ͷ½仰Ͳٵʲôˡ


385 ̽鱨
ڱŻؽľƻϸ˽һ뿪˻أ滪½ЩʲôͲȥѯˡ
Ͼĺң֮Ĺϵ϶Ǽ򵥵ǣ֮࣬Զͨ˵뵽С
ص˼ͼŮһİţȥۻأһûдܶˣֻǴСֶӣӶһˣһһʮˡ
ļƻϸ˵һһȥᣬֳǰ۵ĶԱǺͶҪǸҵļûأǸγеڸصķֲ
ֱͲ࣬ڸصķֲȻҲкܶפأԱͨˣĳԱ϶ǸսľӢ
кܶܶսܣҲǱʵǿⷽЩӲ㣬ճԱ϶սΪҪ׼
һվֱӵ˷ѳǡ
ѳУҲǱϦĳУȫΪ¶ǣλڱϦݵĶϽǣӵıϣǻеҪ֮һ
ѳĵˮ֮һ᷶ΧڹӦ˴ʵˮķҲʮǿģıӶƻ
ŦԼѳǻǱȽСģϾŦԼĹʴУӱõϸϣ˷ѳǵأҪǸѳĵˮ۰ȫ
ܲŦԼĹʴУǷѳǵԱʵȴ˿Ҫ֮һѳķһʮָߴİˡ
϶ķҲĺиͼƬ߳һʮ֣ظشٹǳĿ࣬һ˼ô׳ʵˣ¾Ѿŵȷˡ
ܹΪѳǵĸˣķȴǺֻܴвʮ꣬¼ʾܹˣȳֹصĹ⣬ܳһʱڶӰ쵽ж
ѾһǰˣڵľôҪԼȥϸĲ鿴һ
һˣȻǲĵģĲ˵ǶԷѳ鸺˵ݣѾֵ㹻ˣεҪ񣬾Ҫ²ԷȻԷʹ˻ҩ
˷ѳǣûмȥֱִزģҵĴ飬¶ţϾѾӪ˼ʮ꣬˭Ҳ֪Ǿж档
ڷѳĽֵʮʮֵУѳεĻʮֵǱĵط
ڱŵϼУڷѳǵܾݵ㣬ڵʮֵϣһֵ϶Ǹָĵ̣ҲǷѳĹģǳ֡
ܾݵȻڰķϣǱһҴó׵Ĺ˾صĳ̶о֪ǲ˶Ŀֶΰˡ
˾ļ߲㣬ȫĸͬʱĹ˾ﻹͬ߷ֲǹͬó׹˾
ڷѳǴ̽Ϣ֣Ϊ˻ؼ鱨ǰǰҲʧ˲Ա˶ķмķŷǳصŰǸǳ̬ˡ
ԭ򵹲ǷǳĸӣֻΪͯʱյһЩŰѣĸͯڶͯԺɹģǸʱķβǷǳǿ׳˵ǷǳС
ڶͯԺĵطķȻܾ裬ôǿ׳ȫΪ츳֮󣬺ɵģӵǿʵҲԵı仯
ע⵽ʱ򣬾Ϊķɱ˵ڶͯԺ۸ˣֻǵͨ°ģķ֮󣬾ɳ˸ֽ׷
Ȼǲ˵ģķЩֵĶ֣ץȥ֮󣬾һѶѵҲһӣֻĸȴûκεĸı䡣
ڷѳǰеһ֮ѡ˵߽˰˹ó޹˾乫˾ڵʮϵľݵ㣬ȻҲ˾⣬ҪǱѳĵˮۡ
ãʲô԰𣿡
߽˹˾΢ɲ´һһĹ˾û̫Ĳǰ̨ȵȣȥȥæµĹԱЩ˵Уʱûпߵټһж
ҴձԶ˾ϵһ¶ó׵ĺ⣬ǵܾǸ𣿡
ߵǰ̨ʮò΢Ц
ԵȣΪϵ
ȵһͨ绰֮ǰ̨С΢΢һЦ˵ղѾȷϹˣҵӵʱ䣬
ǰ̨Сָ˵֮󣬵¥ֹչ˼䣬վһʮֿİ칫ſڡ
칫һݵ˵ȺţͦӥһԾ˫ۣ΢΢һ̴˵ϣܵϢ
΢΢һЦҵһкȻ˰칫ǰϣһ׼ʼҵ̸еļơ
ҵһ˿Ц⣬ЩƤЦⲻЦӣԵЩ죬ǸصķֲյϢֹԵжĴЩ˭沢ûϸ˵
һʱչҵҲǷǳСģʲô⣬ĳ˾֮⣬Ϊ˱⻳ɣǾһ
̸ֻܲó˵ģӲһڣҲὫϳȥǲ˵ǮʲôҪ⡣
˾Ա˵֪˾ϲʵرݣֻҪȡһнˮѡ
Ҿ뿪ˡ
ǰ̨СΪһˮʮòĸ뿪ˡ
ǹ˾ó׻ֻʹ̼ҺһС˾ǿϣҪǺĻǵչҪһԼǧʽ𡣡
ȵλСһ뿪λҵͿˡ
Ǯ⣬ǲںǮҪ֪ǣǵչôҪ֪ǹ˾ƵģҪչȫصĴͻ
΢΢һЦ˰˵
ƣȻûģָ߶˶ƵĲƷҪոķãЩͻһչǵõĻرҲǷǳġ
ҵ˵ͷû뵽Ĺ˾ȻƵģһʱЩûν˵Щ©
շãҪ٣
װüͷһ塣
ټǧ򣡡
ҵʨӴ󿪿ڣⵥ⣬ֻѡ
ټһҲǲܽܣǵĺƶϺõľƷƣÿƿۼ۾ͳǧԪֻҪչЩͻһڵķȫԽܡ
˼һӦҵƲܵҪ


386 жʼ
ԲҲǷǳŹ˾ܹһó˴ʵʽչʾһЩصļ֤ݣǲ׺ġ
ҵһûŵʱһ׽ڡ
ȻǼȻǳĺȻǿ⣬õǵʵӵеʽԶԶ󡣡
΢΢һЦӿڴͳһŷ⣬һ죬ֱӽŷݸλҵ
ʼͿڴʼλҵͳ˱仯һŵĶӣӿڴͳʲôв˾ⶰ¥İȫ
ͳֻһͨŷʱ֪óһЩ϶ѣͽӹеŷ⣬ļʼ
ĵһۣ֪ˣΪŷļȻǹ˾ԼĹ浥Щǰ̨һҪǸĿͻ鿴ʹá
ŷװԼ˾Ĺ浥ҵ̾˾裬ڵܼ˲ûüͷܳƾѾ쵽ǰ
ԭûжֱ۾ôֱֱǰһ죬ȴ·Խ˿ռļ޾һֱ۾Ī쳤һأǻĹеͨȭ֮ľ롣
ûҵӦѾһҵؿڣֱӽĵĻ˹ȥӿڴͳһֻϸעͲҵֱһ룬˴ҵҺ塣
ɫҺעҵֱֻۣҵ̾һ˿ĺ⣬͸ӦҵڵϢڿٵʧ
һӵʱ䣬ҵѾ׵ĵڵܣһͨˣҵλϣ˷ţ뿪˾İ칫ҡ
˰칫ңû߶ãͿǰ̨ŮɻڵţˣֻԵЩȣѾ̸𣿡
ţѾ˳սԺЭ飬Ŀϴ󣬸ղҵѾӵܾĵ绰Ҫ̸֪λƯС㣬ܲΪ·һܾİ칫ң
һЦ
ǰ̨ӴСԵûоרҵѵȻûһ㻳ɣֻûյҵָʾΪҵѾ̸ˡ
Ȼϣܹ˳ĽС
ǰ̨СòкʮֵᣬҳûǺ˧ǰ̨С˵Ƿǳջˡ
Ϥ˴죬һжܷ㣬ҲΪʵͼҹ˾ûʲô˻ɵƶ򣬶Ҳûбɵԭ
ǰ̨СΪ˹˾ҵչǣӦʵһЩ˵쵼෢һЩ
ʲôˣ
ӵ˵λڶ¥İ칫ķڿʼһʮֿЦİ˹ʵ
ʷ˹λձˣҵղ̸ˣĿ޴ڽܲõټҪȫǺͨǵչǵƷ
ҲǸǰ̨С㣬ʱĽһݣԼΪʲô¥칫ԭ
ȻıȽϿЦƺһĪƣһ;ԼǰһͷҲΪʲôԵЩµԭ
Ǵձģ
ӿһеĻɫʮֵԣûκεΡ
ǵģܾҵǷǳҪġ
˵ͷɫ˵ѾӵϸӦϢȻԷҲһߡ
ܾڣ뿪ˣǹ˾ʱձҵ񡣡
ӰѾʼˣ߱˲֪Ƿǳģ˾ֻһӣҵҲеҽԺôӦԷ̸ҵǲܵ顣
ԭ
ҡҡͷ̾˿ȻӿûʲộʲôмģȫǺɵɫʮľ衣
Ȼ˾̬ȣҲ޻˵ˣȻܺҲͲˡ
һ仰˵꣬ת׼뿪ˡ
ķӦЩ֣Ϊˣʱת˵ӵߣһֻһ˲ӵؿ֮ϡ
ʵڶ̾ڽ͵Ϯܹܿ˿˵֮٣Ŀǰ棬ûмܹô̵ľڱܿ͵Ϯ
Ȼǲ֮ڵģһؿ֮ϣֱӾһ˹ȥ
һĻͻȻ׼һУѾֳǰڲֵһ̾۷׵˹ȥ
ʱǰİ칫ҵľͻȻ˿һӴӰֱӳ˳ľмȭһ̽һȭ
ķӦҲǼѸ٣һһףһᾢ̽ӵһԵĽ䣬ǽڻĻȥұ滺˿ƻʵһȭ˵ȭ
˵ȭͷһ֮˿ת۾ѾƴȭȭҲЩȣû뵽ͻȻֵļһһǿ֮⣬һǳǿ
ƽʱôĳΪһȭףһǳᱡȭף˵ȭ֮ϣָûʲô
ˣҲڿڱ˴˵УǶҵ˴𰸣ǶʶԷġ
ķˡ
˵
벻Ȼҵ˵˹
ķͬ˵Ƕֻʳ⣬ȴûлشΪĬʹųˣҲѾ㹻ˣǱ˴˵ϻҪ˵̫࣬ΪһֳʤĽ
ȻѾҵһЩϷɢ˸ֲԺжʱôˣ򻹻᲻Сй¶١
ҡҡͷЦЦ˵
ǰķκ˷ǱŵĳԱƾеȭףκεıźһˡ
˹ƻ֮ˣǰˣʵԲСûǰһֻҪ־ͻֱӳȥǺܽĹ۲
ȻֻһӴ̶̵жƴѾ֪˵㣬ķһߣһ߲һνֻǴĶĴ߻ûٶȺǳǿ
治鶼ֻ˹ĸ֣ҵó̻Ȥģɣҿ龿жǱڰеĸ֡
̼ȻյúȷУһӻķʹӰһԱˣӵ֮ǰԼİװúʵҲܸıʵ


387 ж
ķñ̬֤ԼǿѪϴյıңԾֻһ˶ѡ
ǿ߲Ҫߵо֤ԼǿķϾһߣܻܵİʵĺǿ󣬵ɲǿߡ
ܿͻ֪ҵʵжǿҪúܲң
ղŵĻ̼ЩŭķĶ˵
ƾ˵ûõģҿɣ
ЦЦ˵ԸˣҪ̼ңʤҲаգοҪķ²֮󣬷ϳܣҪȫİѿս档
һķȻûٿԼ˲ͼٳ˹ĸʵ˵ķȷǱ˹ҪǿһЩֻ߼ˣҲΪԭһֱڷѳֵط
һ׿ˣһ˫У˺ˣҲ˺Լǵлǳʱһ
һӳȭȭ˸λεĹڹۻҵĸо䷿űҵ÷飬ò˵ķһеȭ׻ǾƷҲ֪ʲôƳɵġ
ʱҲһһ߶ˣܲ͸磬ķȭͷҲܹ͸ȥֻһԡ
þûˣôͣˣ
ķͣ˹ɵĳЦ
ôһЦķȻٶȥʵĻǶģĻᡣ
ӶŵȭףͻȻӹؽڴһ֮УȭǱУҲ赺ˡ
ץסķ˫Ŀŭһɲǣеĸ߶ӭȥһʱϳأضѵĸӣȴе˫һ֮£뵽ķ˫ֻϡ
ķʵǲôױ˺ģɲͨˣʵͳԽķܶ࣬ʱôŵôûᣬȻһˡ
ضϸ˷ֱķֱֻۣʲôĻᣬһ΢͸һͷ­ķؿһ̽룬ķֱӻ˹ȥ
ô̧ͷһ˵ķˣɭǿߣҲ˵һܽӵ
ͺܼˣ˷ѳǿķʣµһĶץ˳׵ƷЩߺÿһ˶ע˻ҩ
һӵʱ䣬Щӵиָ칦ܵˣͱƽͨˣҲûа취ʹˡ
ЩȻ뿪˰˹˾ľԱ֪ʲô飬ֻԼ飬ټϰ˹˾Ͳó׹˾Աûʲô飬Ǹġ
һСʱʱ䣬ϢͱݵŦԼ̾鼫𶯡
ʲô˵һߣ
һ߲һ˿ŭĹâǰѶԱ̲ܿƵĸ˰Уͽ͵š
ˣɣֲĴҪǣ޹ˡ
һ߲˻֣һεӿڿеԱƽĵڵأæ˳˰칫ҡ
ѳǵֲе߶ܣӴ˱ͨˣǲȷд£
ǰ߲㻹ЩܽʵȻղŹԱĻ㱨Ѿĺˡ
ȷʵʵôҪ飬ôܿЦҲûǸӡ
һ߲˻֣ɫʮֵأȥѳǣһҪˮʯ
֮ԶڻĵıҲյϢþڶıŻأȻҲϢʱһŦԼִҲڡ
ӳɵģ
ʮ־ȵʵ
ȻҲûˡ
˵ͷ
Ȼ֪ӦúѲ˹ϵ򽯳֤һõȷϺ̾Ͱͱսˣһ뵽£ͶʱһѪڣһ죬Ҳôһ㣬Ǹжã
ѳǵֲֻǰһ°ˣᣬȴĳĪƽУ˭Ҳû̸𣬵ӿΣȴԽԽˡ
뿪˷ѳֽ֮ӶĶ˵ķֲЩȻζЩߵʵ˵Ǳɭǿߣ˹ķȲϡ
ԸЩ˵ʱûϺֻܶ࣬ƾѾˣǵЩ߷ֲʵ˵Ѿ̫ˣʱ޸˼ƻ
ԭļƻ׼ʢΧЩ߷ֲһ飬ڿĻѾòЩûˣ׼ֱȥʢˡ
ڵ֮ǰһʢٵ·ϣԱýĵѾõ˲˵Ĺע
һշվǰһЦڳ⳵˾Ĳһһ͸˾ʱͻ˹ȥһ꣬Ѿ˾һţԭͨļƳ̳ʱҵ
ȻѾˣҪúõһ棬ͬʱҲҪĸǣѾˣ
շվʮʿһ·ϣ·мһǹʿһעͣͨеӣﻹڲͣҡţͨĳҪܼ顣
Ƴ̳ͻȻʿûлعӻζˣ˫ҲĻζţĳӣֱֱײ˳ȥ
һΣʮ׾Ѿȥˣʿʱŵæһ˿ӱײʮײŵͬʱܼǹ
ӵĺ󷽴˺ܶ˵ĺЩʿʱˣٿصĳһƮƣ̾͹С·ʧȥӰ
ԷķӦܿ죬ûйãѾ׷һ·ײȴֱɶĽͨˣûãͷ϶ֱӰ
ţѾΧˣܼͣ飬ȻǾͿǹˡ
ȻǱȨĹңʱ򣬾ȻҪȾһ¡
Ƴ̳ٶ̫ˣǳʻ̵Ƶʱ򣬳ײŷ˳ȥڿмתһһ˺ü·Ѿһࡣ
·ͣһһų³ؿڣ٩绰Ĵӱֱ˳ȥ˽賵ӣһīžеԼͷ¶һ˿Цݡ
ܳǻûҪʶһ£ܳж죬ǲǱҵͺջҪ졣
ʻŷ͵һţܳʱһʧ˽ֵϡ
һɫװĸټҴҵ߽˰칫ңһ׼ľ֮󣬴ı鱨Ѿʢٿǿд˹ؿһܳĿǰڸ·Ϸ쭳
ڵһվ⼸ĪŪǽƣеϴֱˮһ㣬κε쳣ǶԷȷ쳣ǿա


388 Ԯ
ϢûµĽչ
һ£żʵ
ϢûʲôĽչ鱨ŵŬϢǱ߷ĺֻܽܵõһЩͨϢؼϢ޷ȡ
ҡҡͷһ˿֮ɫ
ߣһȺ
صĺһCIAЩ֪ͲЩ˸ôҪˣһ̽ܵĸ֣CIAǱߵĽ룬ǲŷЩȥӹˡ
û뵽ȥôõʱ䣬Щ˵õϢûʲôţڶԷѾˣȴ˼ҵĵϸû˿̵ҪЩͨͨϾ·ͥĳ嶯
滹ڽĸ𣿡
ȭͷϣתͷʵ
ǵģǱһֱڽĸ͵ָʾԷʵǿһ˿ץסģѾȫûˣֻ֧ܵԮ
̵˵ͷǹؼ⣬ζԸѾ
ǱܹĸȻǸ˵ģնԷٲǶԸԷĵһĲǹؼһܹ¶ԷôɵһʧͶжָеˡ
ԸѾüˣϾٳһܳڻ;·쭳ɵӰʮֵأѾͨ¼ˣԷжѾŷǳŨصսԡ
βܽ׽ù鰸ôʢٵķܵɣλÿ϶Ҳܵڶྺֵᣬһϵкǳء
̳رжӣľܰ棬жȫץʵһ㣬ҲǵǹĳˣҵҪܵȥ
ͷ˼һ͵һӣĿص˵
ֱӵּܰװֱ˵̬Ѿչһʮеĳ̶ȣ᱾ðװֱº׷ҲǷǳشġ
һ޿ɱ⣬㽫ڵλãҲпΪε¼⵽Ҳðźܴķա
棿⣬ǲЩ̫ã
΢΢һ㶣û뵽ľȻģرжԣܰ棬Ҫ֪װֱõԷһС͵ս
ߣʱпչʲôòãץסһûкùӳԣ㻹Ϊʲôص飿
һѾķǳˣץסôºһȻýץסûг棬ǻڸһ²
ǣȥ죡
Ҳûа취ĻҲֻţȻô˵ˣֻʵȥˡ
´˲ӣ뻪ʢĵһزӣʮԽҰúѾ濪˾Ĵţ󷽵ϣܹĺɫ棬ϵıɼ
ṩ鱨˿̱ľ·Χ׷½أȻƾŸ߳ļʻɲϵݣǴľҲڽĻΧ𽥵СĿǰѾֿϴĸ
õ׼ȷϢ֮ʮܰ̾ĿλǰڿнװֱӵһǰȥΧ󷽵ĺٶȸ˹ȥ
ò˵ΪʢٵĵһʵǷǳǿģ˵ʶǳĸߣǽӵִ֮ЧѾڵһ
ڵ·Ϸɳ۵ٿŷϵ˦һľ죬ҲѾڱΧµ֪ķΧ𽥵ѹٹһͻ·ˡ
ʱͷϴһ޴ͷ촰̧ͷȥܺɫװֱٵĴԶ˹ֻǿһۣϳİ档
Ϊӵǿʽװֱʷеսж˲ɻȱҪɫ֪ǰװֱ̼ӿ˳١
ٵʱ򣬰Ѿչ˹ΪװֱϵеļڵȽļʹԶʮ⣬ҲԷ׼Ĺ
ıΪ˱ֵܳʧ󣬰װֱӲǽӽﷶΧڣſʼ˹
һѾĿ꣡
׼

ͬʱչߵ罻ȷ˹ĿںŵĹԱͬʱеİťֻԵĹҼϣͬʱβͣöֱķ
Զ̵ĹȻǲģڵҪ䵽һɲǣֱӲٿسӱܿ˵Ĺ˲ͱųеĵ
ҵıըȻ·ըĲӣȴǺ𣬷ܱӵ˼ޣڳӵļ޷ΧڣֽһĿơ
ĸ֣ÿһ˶ı£ǶԼĿѾˣֻҪҪٿصĶǶΪƣĽвٿء
ǰֳһؿȡǰʧܵľ飬һֺſʮȫžʾƣһԵĳ󣬻ʮȫѾǳǹдĶ̴
ʻżǰܳٶѾ룬ľ뼸գۼѾˡ
ţŷݺݵײ˹ȥǿĳ£˲˳ȥһӹųӵķߣ˿ǰʻļװ
ڷײž֮󣬳˲ͷһѹ·ߵľ˼ҵıըȻ߶˵ܳվˡ
ڷѹס󿨳ʱ˲һѾ˳ȥһλĵײѾ˳Ųλãֱӻ˳ȥ
ִס˼װıԵһ˦ֱӾ˦˿ļʻң󿨳˾˲һ˳ȥ˴󿨳ķ̲֮ٿŴ󿨳˳ȥ
ŵܰ棬ڴ󿨳Ѿ˽ͨҪϣҲ֮ǰֱӶõйֻܿͻǹɨ䡣
װŵػǹļָװͺţֻܼǹһӵʱڿкǧӵǾһָĻǹ
ڰ˲ϵ£ػǹɨ䲻ͣӵƨںЩ󿨳ļװǳľ޴ӵԿ˺΢΢ġ
װ󿨳ֻǰļװֻŶѣ㱻ҲνҪͷû˾Ϳˣٿſıܿػǹɨ䡣
ʹ󿨳ٵǰ˲ӣͰ˳һťļװֱӶϿһأʧȥһӵۣ󿨳ٶ̾ȥ


389 Χ׷½
ʧȥ˺渺صۣ󿨳ֻһҵٶȣӲǱһʮ룬Զĵط󿨳淢ĺ
ŲǷܳԵס˷̣žѾȵ˵ףţһĴ󿨳ҲڵĺХٶܵ÷ɿ졣
ٶ֮󣬴󿨳Ҳһģǰĸְײʮֵļ̣κεǰĳӣҪƿֱӾôײȥһ̨뺷ѹ·Ӳײһ·
ߴӵ򣬺ļװѾѣһ·֮󣬳ѾظҲǿһֱӴӼʻ˳
·һһȭ˳ֱӳ˼ʻң˵һͨɹֻһټ򵥲ѡ
һֻвʮĸѾ˾ͷǰ·м;ͬդһ㣬εĽ·ڰš
ھĺ棬мʮȫװԲʷʿѾǹڶ׼ԶٶĿСγΪ˰ȫѾʵ˽ͨƣһ·Ӹûˣһ·ϣֻһڷɳۡ
ǰоӣо죬ͷֱҲʱ׷ţΧţİΧȦһ˻ˣûκΰ취Դѹȥ
ֱӽһ׵ķΧָӹ´ʮǹĻ࣬ȫСֻǶ̶̵ļӣѾõòӡ
ζ׷ȥڷ̵·ӵǲܹӲģİʹǶԷʹõĴǹҲʲô˺
ڳײ·ϵ˲䣬һѾײ˿ֱӾԾ˳ȥ뿪γ˲䣬Ҳ̱ڶӵıը˿
ӵǹеַǳĶ࣬гӵҲʲô£Ѿǰһ˿ֻȼŴŹ͵ĳ·ϡ
ըֱ֫˿Ƭֱ˹ȥ˲˼ƬҲЩƬĺβЩƬĽըҲǷǳľ޴
Ȼ书ǿôĲӾӢҲɵóȥȻܱһпõĶ󻯵ıʵ
ƬȻӲӳʿʵͨҪǿǻ޷ֵܼƬֻһʱ䣬кܶѾˡ
ǽİͷȥ˶ƬĹҲҪĻᣬеƬʱİ¼ɨУվǿʿ
˵ǰʱʿûһվŵˣһεĵЩ֣ͷϱһ޴ƬֱУôֱֱĵǰ
ʱĺܿ죬ӵʱ䣬ͷЩʿʱ̧ͷеǹҲ̧ʱȴ˼ףӸղŴǼԵʿ˳ǣġ
ſ£
ֱӶĺ󷽣ָӹٶʱһ߿ĺУȻ޵ҪʱҲòʿѡãϾȻз£ɲܽڿ񵯵Ƭ
ʿǼԵʱѾ㹻ʱ뿪ˣɫԲʷͷȴϢĶǰ˵ٶȶһ㣬ʵԵĳ˸ղŵʿһء
һĸߣͬɢϢͷҲһģһȫǳĴͷϿͺ˫̥һϧ˵òȴȫһ
ϵ⸱磬кڿ͵۹ɱֵʣһװĻͺɱһģһˣ˵϶һƵľʮңȻͨʹõᲴ
Ȼò̫Ǿɢ΢΢⣬ȴһصϤϸıһ̾ˣķϵĽŵȭһģһĲʡ
⻹ҪģҪɱǿޱȣ֪˾ʵķ˹ĸ֣ʵսӳӦñ˹ķǿ
ΪרΪ˶Ը˶ģķ˹ˣû־вʱǵѡıˣ˾ͲһˣǵĿֻɱ֣ȫǲȥġ
˽ŵʱ̣ȴǱκ˶侲ҲǾĥ̫ˣзǳΣյʱҲҪ侲Żл뿪Ļᡣ
ǰأ׷ܲʺϵھȻصĸ֣Ҳֲѡ񳡵ˣ۲ʱѾһһҵ˹
һݣֱǰԾֽ֮࣬ճȭ޼᲻ݵ̲ұۣǰֱӺ˹ȥʱѡսپȥֻ
ײսмʱ䲻ᳬһӣĽѾϿزϵ·Χˮйͨ
˻еʾסҪѹٶȣӶ˫˫ɲǼײ任һƣ̴žž죬ͬʱ˿
һʿᣬǹָһģۻ͸ֱӽʿ˹ȥȴǿʲôŵֻһ죬ʿͲĻ˹ȥ
ȫ
ָӹŵͷһֶ󷽣Ľкżʿ
ʿǵӵûдѾȥֻҪǷ˻սԷͶǣԲʷľȻʵǳǿ󣬵ȴĵơ
Բʾ˵赲ɵ洩󣬲ʮˣץסƷһˣ˵ʵȻǿ󣬵Ҳ֮Ķ֡
оѻ֧Ԯ֧Ԯ
ָӹŵܵһԵľϣͳһԽĺ
ĺע²һŲֱζž˹ȥָӹƷˣͺܼˡ
һԲʷľ˿ɲô򵥵ľͷŹͬһֱֱ˹ϵԲʷѾã¶ļ⡣
һ˵ͬʱ²ȴǹĺˣһĻ˫ȷ˳ȥŵһǹţסǸԲʷ˵˫ȣһĽžС
һȻûжȫһţҲԲС֮ԲΪս϶ô򵥣Ϊ˽Լʹá
书֮ҲǴÿһȭǧ˵һŵˣԲʷľȻҲǿ۽ǻԵĳ鴤һ¡
ȻһŵʹҲЩԲĸо


390 
ʹһţҲûֱܽιȥɼԲʷľƽʱѵҲǷǳĿ£ǿĴûֱܽӻ
ˣһʱ˫͵סȣȻȵǿĽץУû˺ȵ˼
жʱһɻ󣬲˵ڸʲôʱ򣬱ͻȻһΣУһͻȻֵİӣóһͬľֻǶֻ࣬ʮֵӡ
ͻȻֵӣŴ֮ǰһģһֻǸӰһѣʵ棬ȴǱȸղǸ˸ӵǿӽܵʱ򣬲ű֡
Ȼֳйأаĸţдľ;ˣҪʱû˷ǹ¶ĸӦЩʹˣܹӽ˽ľ룬Ҳ˵˵ˡ
ǸˣеľϢȴǷǳƺһ뷨
̶̵ʱ䣬ܾͱΧø֪ȥˣƽʱ򵹻ãԺúõ⼸棬Ҫʱĳˡ
ϾǿˣʿΧҲһ鷳£Ͼڵʵûܹôǹеĳ̶ȡ
ڱǰѾ̵ϵʱȴͻȻһԤ׵ֱ۶ȥֲһŵ棬һץŵȻһֱӽ˦λá
һ̫ͻȻ͵Ϯ˸û뵽£һʱУۿԼľͬڡ
˾벻ϢһȻǴǴͬ飬ȻͬķӦʮֵѸ٣Ӷеľһ£ʲϵľʵ̫ѾͬؿһѪۡ
书ѾĵزͲڹ̶ʽˣκıʽͬʱܷӳӦе书Ѿ۷֮Ԥס
ǹһĨһЦһתһǷٶɨ˵ľ˶ʱɨͷ̾ͷ˳ȥؿյشҲ֧壬ͷʱײһĳϡ
Żһ죬Ĳʱ˿Ҳ̱˵ϣҲսˡ
һеʤûйľòһܾҪ׼Ǳˣ˶֮ȴ׷˹ûںͬˡ
ȻΪΪһĿ꣬յĲпѵͽ̻һ㣬κκʱҪΪһĿ꣬ǳʲô״ⶼǵһ׼
Ҳôķ뿪ٶȴ˲֪һٶȾûʩչṦҲһ˿׷ϵġ
ۼ֮ĲԽԽӾûа취֮£ֻӳеذףͼķ򣬽˶ĵطƹȥ
ɲɵôΪ˶㿪һذףͰԼ͵˶ĵطȥֻ΢һͷͶذ׾ʹͷϾֱ˹ȥǽһļʻҡ
棬һȣžǿᳵײһ·žһ·ȥͷİ⣬һʱ侹Ȼûܹ׷
žһ·ֱײڳ˻ʢٵ·Σ·ϵ׷ȣھЩ鷳ˣΪ·ϵ̫࣬϶·˺ͳӡ
žɫԽҰֱֱĳһ͵ãһ¥ʽֱײ˷飬һʱ֮䣬ڶʱһƬĿ˶ڼɢֳ
Ƭ֮󣬾Ӻ;ѾϵˣͰֻ̳ǿϧһȺصڣѲʮСʱÿһĽ䶼ûзŹȴһͷûҵ
˴֮ٵ뿪˾¥һڣͳ˽ָڵĸ߷αװĤٵĽݸı˹ڴڻһ·ôҡڵ߳˴á
뿪õʱҲĿһװžʧӣ׵ľͨ˷õĹؿһ·Ժ󣬾ôɵ׷
һߵвһƿ׾ƣֽ˼СˣڴߣôŲԶĴãѾڶľ;ˣðΧʵʵһֻӬѷɹȥ
һ죬ʢٴһ죬ǿΣﴳĸ߲㶼ѰۿѾˣϢȴȻûУ·ôͻأĴӴ˼һ
CIAľֳ˹һĽָӱоֵܾλ쵼˿Ѿۼһ칫ǵǰһλβǺܿĺ
½Χ󶯸ɸֻΪһ˶ѣʧ֮󣬾ȻˣǸң˽
һĶƣƢǳõĹܳȴܻӣӴȻ⵽˻¬Ľ˭̫ġ
ܳһԵĲһˣһλǳĳ֣ǵĵȼ弶ҵĸ֣һֶ֣ͨѾ޷Ըˡ
һ˵ˣΪˣЩ˵Уǵһᶨġ
һ֣ΪʲôΪԵ޹ʵܵųĳһƻ󣬾ôԵ޹ʵʧˣѵǳԱ˳ŵû𣿣
ܳûˣű˵
ܳε飬ӦøҪΣǵϢԴӦ˺ͻĵı֮Ķж˶Էˣڱŵǲ˸֣ͬչ˱ж
ʮƽ˵
ôҲǱŵˣ
ܳǰϵɻʵ
ʱûа취ȷϣӦǲʲôǱŵˣӦҲǻزŵˣȻܻᵣ˴Σգǰִƻ񡣡
˵ͷ˵
˼ҶѾ˼ſڣȴ˼ҵĵϸʲô֪߸ҿҲţأʱô˵ղȷе֤ݣǾҵҲܶԻչж
ܳһ⻰ʱ첱Ӵ֣û뵽˰ĽȻԷĵϸ֪ܲߡ
Ȼʱûȷ֤֧ţǸյϣѾ˿ŵжϡ
ûзֻԹԵ˵
ŵжϣѵǶԻķѵʱҲҪô˼˵ΪǸյϣ˿ŵжϣʦˣ
ܳ͵һӣŭվڿЦ


391 ٶȳ
ܳԷݺأԲʲô򵥵CIA˲ôãҲûвԷʵݣǲ
˵ʱҲ˲ʲôڶˣȻCIA˰²кǲʹ죬Ҳòϣĵıܹȷ÷ǳλ
Ҿñ˵ĶԣԷ쳣أҲûлȷеϢΪ飬óȻͻķţȷЩ׵
ʱ˹Ҳվ˱һߣˣҲֻʱһˣ˵ץܲܰԼλñסǸ⡣
ܳǾֵѾƬΧˣֻҪڣһӲȥģһѾǿĶ飬һС
ǿĶ飿Īбǿ˴ô
ܳӵĿһ۾ֵ쵼
Ϊһܸˣһͻ¼㸺ȫҪһ˵ΪҪȫĹһ˵ҪһĽͣô
ܳӣƽһ˵
Ѿֵ֮ǾסģͺҪʵͱ¶˳ȥǹҵĹͻ̴ĽףܳλãǾԲܷġ
Ҳ֪Σ֪ǿȻˣΪһʧļƻ뵽Ȼ˿ܰƤ¾ôˡ
ܳ׹SְɣһɾȫϣֻҪCIAִ˵٣һýıݡ
˹˼һܳ˵
S֣Ҳǳ飬Щʵսɸ֣鵱һЩͽ߿ԱģѪɽĲɱ
ܹӵSĸ֣˵һҪǶôߵȼߣȻҲǺܵͼߣҲļϵߣSļߣԸһ弶ߣͨ˵Ҳʲôѵ⡣
ЩSĸֲŻڰ׹ΪģݲóְʧκεҶͼˣ⵽ǿľѻ
ã˹һΣھ͸ȨȥҪϣʱܸҴϢȥжɣ
ܳյüͷ˼һһ˿ϵɫͷͬ˹顣
һӿȤͷӣȥ԰СĻһܱרҵĻҪãһˣȴǰ׹Sǿߣסڰ׹Ժ
ͳѾ죬ȴһֱûб䣬Ҳ˵ʵȷǷǳǿЩ׹ı£ûֹκεĲ
һߣʮǰһѡSǿߵʱ򣬾Ѿļˣôȥˣ˭Ҳ֪ڵʵжǿ
һ֤Ǿڵеĸ֣ҲûȥսѾ˵ˣͷӾǸеĸ֣Ʊʵһ
׹ͳ칫ڣһİڴǰļɫЩÿεĹ쵼˿˹
ڿ˹ļʱ򣬼װ߽ͳ칫ҡ
Ҷˣɣ
΢΢̧ͷ˹ָָ칫ǰɳ
ͳҪǽȡж
󺺻࿴һۣһֱ˵Ŀ˵
ȡΪʲôǸոյ˶Է٣ǳȴĺʱֻҪټһѾͿһٽץΪʲôʱҪȡ
˹еıʣüͷ˵
ͳΪץѾķ̫ԴǳЧȴһ㶼ûмУץסǲܻͬȼĻرһ㵽Ҳûһۡ
ǰ˵˼˵һ壬һĴѡҪˣǲʱðգԴ˷һȷϣԽȡжսתǵĿꡣ
˲򵥣CIA鱨Ѿȷһ㣬ץסĻջĶԲ١
˹ЩģѾͶôѪʱʵЩΪѡ
ͳڲԥʱǱ뵱ϣôȥǳҪ⣬㲢һˣ㻹ǱһӴ壬Сʧ󡣡
Ǹҡҡͷüͷ΢Ŀͳ˵
ܹͳЩĴʱҲǳ˺ܴΪľͳλܹ֮䷢ʵʩһЩߣͳ̨ˣ˱ˣǵĺҲ͵ͷˡ
ðɣôһΣCIA˰׹S֣ѾˣһܳɹҾͳһж
˫°ͣ˹˼һûа취֮£ֻͬ˶Է飬ȻͳҲǣ浽ܶ˵棬ʱòȨףǸء
ɹϻεıϸĹ۲һ֮ѡһûڼҵıɵľͽ棬úõϴ˸ڿĿɳϾĿϢһϡ
ڶһ磬ϴ֮Щţ̣򿪵ɳϣ߳Ա߿
Уʾڽͷ쭳ڲĻ棬ͬǣŵ󣬾Ӵڴһͷźɫ׵ˡ
Ž˵ǾץķˣĿǰѾ̾УڵȺѯȷǷ
Ǵ֪һ˶Ūһ´ڣЩ˻̫
һţ̣һЦ
Ϣһҹľָֻ˱״̬׼ȥһʢٵĲ׵Ľ֮󣬾׼ϵ˿ʼ׼͵ȡҶʧϡ
ĵشһΪĿ꣬ڿҪӽʱ򣬽һƵڵ˲ͽ沿ĸ߷αװߣ¶ʵס
ˣλ٣Ϻã
ߵ˾ԣЦݵĴ˸к
磡
һʱ仹ûӦҲ˸к
㣡
ʱڼʻλõڻعǰֵȻȫϵͳ֪ͨһҪϼӷشͨʱһ飬ԭЩ˯飬̾ʧˡ
ԭʶҰǾͺðˣԼ³ҪҰ߳ȥ
΢΢һ̣ζĿ˵
ô˵̴˳ţ˳žһ·ȥ
ɽķղôǹˣΪʲôҪһˣ
һֵ˵
˹㲻Ļ˻ԶһãǼʮӾˣܰ涼ûܽôôĶ֣
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392 
ӵĹ򣬾;ӵֽ֪֪ͨٳһ죬ĿǰϷɿʻҲûвڵĶλװãЩ˺׾Ϳҵķλ
֪ͨеڿվȫգɢƬˣȫϣܸܳȥһϢ
֪Ϣ´ָʾ
ĶʼһǳҹδߣӡرжС顢ֲȫװؾ˭Ҳ֪᲻ҹ͵Ϯһҹĵȴûг֣һҹֿ֮ʼƻˡ
һ£ʢٵеķˣг׵İΧһٳֵͨѩԳ糿һķ羰ߡ
ѩ󣬺ܿĸ˼ʮѵĺХ̴˸ÿ䡣
ŵģо죬оˣCIAعΪȫжС飬ʢչȫλĲأҸԱڽӵ½Ŀٸ
ĲҾܿһݣصİΧ£ĳܿײıˣѾ˵һ͹޳Ū׷Աǹҿһըˣǿɵ
кֳܿ˰ӰϵϿպХǿһ㣬͹޳š
͹޳һ·ĺֱһǰͿˣֱֱͬĴӲų˽ȥĲƬһѾӼʻʧˡ
׷ȴεķ֣һʧȥټϰ˵ĳӣܿΧƾôѲ飬޷ټ
ʱѾһطͬķһγɹ˾עľϴˢһ֮ٴͬķ
һʱ䣬һǹһǹʢٵĲǽһ࣬˶ƣڱĸ󣬵ȴһͷûץ
ƻʱıò˳ǣĳͣһнĹ԰һƿե֭ȹ
԰ǳİ̻Ҳķǳãǰʱ֣˲Ǻܶ࣬ڹ԰ߵǳľϣֻһˣһʺӵͷ
ֻһۣȷͷһȻڵӦǺǿ֪ⲢΪԷʵΪʵ̫ǿˣѾѹˡ
˼°ôã̫˼ˣȹ
ȹե֭˹ȥ˵Ķĵϣкһ
һӣȹѾͬʸһ㼤˹ȥʲôﶼԱһȹҲ⡣
ͷȻûпһڳϴһ죬ѾȹסˣڿҧһڣȻһЦζǺܲˣллȹ
ڳȹͷ̧ͷǴӰ׹SѾ˺ܾˣطķλȷ϶ᾭ
ôţĻôƱػᾭʱȻΣžͲ
ȻͬԤϵһ㣬߽԰
ˣԸ¶ҿԷʢͣԱȹζ
һָϵķѽϵչ˿΢΢һЦ
˼ңר̵ңΪҳԶɣ̫ˣ˵ո˵˼ҵĵӲСʵҲʧġ
һЦһڳԵȹ
Ƭûκ˵׷ЩߣҲʧȥټǿǿߵϣһǿߣҪκ˵İ
ƾݶţͷǺֵ𾴵ġ
Դӵҽ׹Ѿʮˣʮûٳ֣Ϊֹһǵһγ֣Ǳŵһλǿĸֵֽ֣졣
˸ȷһλǳǿĸ֣ʹѾȥʮ꣬Ȼûаմʵȷʵǳǿ
ֵ죿
΢΢һ㶣û˵Ǳһλǰ˰ɣʮǰͺͷһܣڹȥʮ֮ãʵҲѾ뵽һµľˡ
ֵ죬ǾԲǵģҲԲǴģЩҲûֵѲĶֵ֣ȥ𾴣ֵȥǡ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦˣȻĵĹϢһ㲻¶ڱܸܵʵǿʮǰҲܹһս
˼ƺš
һЦͷ˼ףֻܺʮǰͷȣѾԶˣɲᱻô׵ŵ
ˣԲף뿪ҿԷߣһ֣пܾ޷뿪ˡ
ҡҡͷһ˿źɫ
÷ߣܻңкη
ȸե֭һף׼ȷʮͰڣû˿ƫ
ˣ԰ɣסҵ֣ҽҵ
䣬ͷѾˣһĺƻˣٶȴǾ벻ϬɣһͿ磬߱ȷٶȻҪ졣
˲䣬־ڳε·һѣǰʱѾһѳǻֳŷʿʹõؽһĿ󽣡
һ˲Ѿ̳صĽУȴ·ֻһëһ㣬о˿ôɵĻ

Ҳ˲һһֱЯ轣ٶȿ죬ٶҲһƮѾ˳Ĩ䣬ͳ轣
̳Ҳ˲ֵ£ĸ֣ûд󣬶һʹһֻһɼ˵ٶȶѾ쵽һ¡
δƵУûоȣľͱƽҲҪˣȻ飬⼸췢£һҪ֣ɲǺԵɾ붯ġ
ò˵ʮǰҪǿһҲ֪һˣһͣĶǲ٣ˣɲҪԴС
ǿߵķȾͲһ㣬˵ĲƺѾûʲô¿׵Ĳ
ҲòϣͷĿǰϵǿĸ֣Ȼֻǽһ˲䣬ѣǸܴһЩϸ֦ĩڵĵطֳƽĶ


393 ǿ
ĸ֣Ҳĸ֣˴һʼѾȫԸ˭ҲûС˭һսʮֵգһþпɥ
˼ңȻϰǻĵĴͳ£ȴǲѭˣ˭ǿһս֮󣬱Լ
ǰһ䣬˵ۻ̴ܱȫս״̬Ѿȫ濪е轣ʼ
һЦĸоҲһģҲһǿߣһįǿߣڰ׹ʮ꣬Ҳûк˶֣ȻҲӵпԺƥеĶ֡
įʮ꣬ӭ˵ڶѪڵսǰ˵ϣܵ˵һ㣬ֻص˵ǸԼ
еĿؽһ㣬һʹִ󽣵ˣʽǴ󿪴صģȴӲʹСɵĹγ˸ֹĽơ
һʱ䶼ƵЩǱЩûм৵һȴǱִŵ轣һʱЩ𵴵
Ȼ轣ǰͷ̲ŵǿ֮еؽȻҲעǿֵ֮ľ裬һҲ÷ɡ
˼ңҲôһˣǺġ
Цһ䡣
ھ˵⻰δҲ̫ˣһиأ
ʮĿѾ˼£ҲΪˣֳĸΪƽÿڽϵʱ򣬴û˻࿴һۣΪʵ̫ͨˡ
ÿ˶һھǶ˵УһʮͨĸЦͷһľӣСһ㡣
ɲ֪ǿߣҪ֣ɲ֮Ʒ֣˳ִһ˻ҩߣһսĳǿߡ
ԷʹóĽУѾؽ޷桢ɲľ磬Ȼʽʮֵļ򵥣ȴǷǳǿ󣬷ҲᱻƵεĺˡ
｣һڿлһԲһȼյĻһ㣬ƮڿУǿ֮ʮһյĥܣĻ֮ѾǵǷ켫ˡ
ܹһߵݣƽ쳣ľ磬˵ľѾǳĸߣٲܵĸӰ졣
Ѿӵܲ͸磬ȴû뵽ȻǿܵγһӵĻȦɲǿռϵߵ̺ͬǳǿ
轣һնȴûնȦ֮ÿһλȦһѣǻٶȼ޲
˼ңòȷӣƾȦסңҲ̫һЩ
˲ֱе轣Ҳ˴һּȵľףȻ濴ƺѾǷ˵ֿȫԳƷ
ȴǾվԭأһҲûȻվǰȴ֣ĸӦУѾʧǰоǰ˵ӡ
ָоǳ֣˾վǰȴôҲ޷Ӧǰ޴ķһʱҲЩת
ﲻ֪ʱѾ̫ȭİ壬ںϹͨѾԽϢʱֻһ°ˡ
Уﲻڸʲô˫ֱһգһɵĻȦγˡ
ȻϵĸоеİָоܵΣգûֻǹøǿ˶ѣĴݴ£һʮȦһѹ˹
ʱѾغˣʮȦͬĹһ㵽ƮܵǾĵģΧѾӷˣһսֻˡ
ڵǰʱʮȦͻȻںһγһƬܴȻ˲ͱҿγ˴Ƭܼ档
ȴһ̣ͻȻһе轣ȻˣЯۻγһ˻У̻𺣾ͱⱻء
ת֮䣬ǻ֮оѾӲһ·
Сͻˣ
һʮֵǿһʱ䶼ЩţΪսоȻôͻˡ
˼ңʵȻڻûͻƣһǿ󣡡
ڣ֮һжϤС
ȤڿȫˣϣһսҪʧ
ǰһˣеؽ֪ôӽֱӳһѶֻ̽ʮֳҪ׼ⲫˡ
ʹõϸ̽һȣʹؽʮֵռˣΪ˺úõĴ쳣ȻԼƷ棬Ӷѡ˱轣̵Ķ̽
⣬ԷҪⲫԸⲻˣֶܸս¶ԷʹԶ̹ĻĵĹֲẦκιҵߡ
۵轣֮ϣһ˲͹˾Žǧ֮ԹһģȻͷҲޱȣҲˣϵ϶Ҫһġ
¹Ѿ˴Ϣ֮ЩˣôһɲǣӵǱ󽣣Ϊ轣ϸǷӳȻ˵ǿ
ղǾŽƾԣӲ轣ϸ˲ԾᱡĻĽڻõУӳҲǷǳǿġ
˼ңƺЩˣʹ˰Σ
һЦ
Ǳߣ͸ղŵɲһ˴һּ֮УɫҲЩÿŵĶ̽ЩȻ϶ּᣬվĵ̫޷ȡ
ˣƺһµĸ߶ȣ˲ֹһ书ֱ仯Ҫóѹ׵Ĺˣ治֡
΢΢Ϣһƽ˵
䣬ξͳ˱仯ͷʱȼǽһͷͷչ⣬ǻֻȼÿһ˿һǶӵоԵĿƺŸ顣
ԭѾεʱȻһҵĸ߶ȣֱӱǵңϵƶĸԸŵı
ԭкУҼʶһ£ǶôС
һĸȤӣ˶е轣һЦ
ɫЩأĻ֮ȻѾƵ飬ͱȴոһ٤Ŀǰûг׵ɣʱʩչҲȲѵ顣
ʱЩҲûʲôˣ˽ֿɲôʱȥǣοּĸ֣κһСϸڱץסˣʱпܷһ


394 ʵ
ˣʵȻǿ󣬵ϻкܶ㲻˽Ķ̫ģǻġ
ӶһеĴ󽣣˭Ҳ뵽һСͷȻ˲һҵǿ׳󺺣ϵƴʱѾʧˡ
ǻоŻСʻ괬ҵȻܽĶԴÿһ֣ƽӹҶǣ﷭顣
ᵯһе轣ǹһ˿΢Ц
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ûж˵ʲôȻϬȻѾ˵ϣȥϵĽѵ˼ҲԵ̫ûˮƽˡ
ܽȻѾһЩأǻûɣʱǲʹõģʵСʹѹ׵Ҳȷܲսʤ֡
ȻCIAѾʾ׹֣˵ֱһǳֵˣǲͷһֱĻ˳ֵġ
ʱ䲻ܹ˷ѣʹ״̬ĵķǳ죬Ȼ㣬Ҳô˷ȥƾġ
ϾӸղŽֵĹУѾͬǿ棬֮£ⳡȥ֣Ҫˡ
ӣȻвϣʵͰǰҲòΪ;ӵǿʵǵֵ죬ǲܾ߱ġ
˫һһŴ󽣣ﻺĽеĴתһԲȦ⻮ĵطжʱһƻɫϸߣϸһԲȦһƵĻϸƾȼ
ȥͷ·ǰͻȻһϸϸĻȦվȦһı飬ͷ϶ϸܵĺ飬һǳģ
жʱ˾裬ԷӣɲΪװģŻ˵ģȻûиܵӴǶԷǿһ
ʵǳȥƵ϶һ΢ֻӴ󵽳ȴָܲӴһǳΣյźˡ
ֻһɣǾڽѹͼƿķΧڣѾһ㣬Ϊûвǿ
ڴ󽣵Ľع鵽ǰʱǰϸϸĻȦͻȻһҫ۵Ļ⣬Ҳֻǻ۶ѣĲǸӵ΢ˡ
ŻߣڳһͷʱǹɻͻȻˣͬʱֱ仯ĻΣֱӴӻдԽ˹һ粽͵ǰ
ȻﱾͺվĲԶһ粽ȴԽʱյĸо·ûʱӳ٣ôͻأĵǰ
ǰֹЩ֣ٶٿ죬ܿǵƶ켣۾ǽԶһƶḶ́ٶ˵ɭҲˣķϵٿصٺãҲûгЧ
ﲻͬٶѾͻһޣûпƶģͷ·ͬһʱڣôطһԭվλãһǰ
ƶٶȣԵʹҲ޷ģٶȻޣͬǳĿ٣ҪЧҪټǿһпܡ
֮Ѿһ㣬ƾٶȵıѾӿռʱ˵ԷʵȷѾߵһľ硣
ȻⲢ˵ʵͲܶ࣬ѧϵΪ෽棬Ǵӵĳһȥжϣڲ£ӳʵ
ȻڱٶȷǳĿֲú£Ϊֶ֪ʱʵûһǲ˺ģİ취ȥ
ֶֻ֣Ҫ֧һʱ䣬ôʱ֣־ͻᱻԼΪϿ壬Ѿǵһˡ
ǣǶʿ٣Ϊ޵ķʵ޷˾޴ѹôˣҲսʤĳΪӮҡ
ȻѾȷʵǶʱڱǣȻĺͶԷȥӲƴʱֻҪλսͺˣϹһʱ䣬ԷȻͻɢ
ȻƶٶʮֵѸ٣ҲƶĹ켣Ȼһװ취ԸĶ֣ܶʱҪ۲ֵж켣ֻҪֳ֪ͺˡ
˫ۣҽһţѾƽеƶһλãһλãĴһնʱˣұնȥȥʮֵľա
ڶ㿪һ轣ͻȻֱߵһβֱӹŶ˴󽣵Ĳ潣ϣȻ䲪轣ವһıֱ
轣һֱķζʱƮƮĵһԣ·ûκĹӰһ㣬ôڰлƮ
һգвû̫ľȣҲûָƾű֮ʵһܽ׵ĻܣԷǧһ֮㿪ı£ԵЩȡ
û뵽ԷȻѡΣյķʽĹ⼸ǵͬڵ裬Ҫ֪ĸ֣Ƿǳץסģһӵһ̾Ϳƾ˴һµľ档
Ȼո˵󣬵еĶ˿轣ɵʱһ󽣶ʱתһǶȣɽų塣
ַһ󽣶ʱԲ˼ٶ׷ն˹ȥٶ֮켸ǽ˹ȥȴûܻӡ
ĽҪʱȴͻȻ΢΢Ʈһ˿˿ľ룬һ˿˿ľ벻ƶΪյĹʱԷıƿЩ΢ľ롣
̫ȭİ֮һǴĽǧõĲǶֵȥ֣öֵֵܶĹ
ֻĻǷǳĳ죬Ҳûа취Ӧõսܹ׵ĶְأôʹվﲻҲûмܹ˺
ΪڶֹһɲǣѾԶ˿ⲢϵʶٿأŶֵĹǣһȫ
ڵȻһ㣬ԲŻ轣ķ֮Ƚܿһξ룬Ž޽ܿһ˿ľ롣
ĿǰҲֻܽӦõ̶ֳȣܵķ̫СҪķǱٿزɣҲǷǳѵõĻᣬʵսкúõ֤һ̫ȭİء


395 ֲĻ
һεĹǧһ֮ʶ˹ȥڶεĹǧһ֮˿ҵڶαȵһζĻҪգÿһȴֶоա
ƺȴеľ裬֪̫ãʮİտԶ㿪ĹǺߵĻɾһǳΣյ״ˡ
Ϊһ֮ǰ̬ѡ˱ܵĴ򷨣пǿĹͼսԣ׼ֱ
Ȼɻ󣬵֪սʱ̫ģ汻ץ˻ᣬϸֵʵԿ˲з̵ľٶ
ĿʹȻʵ˵ǿֻܰеļƻһٽ׵Ļ壡
ż͵ĵһµ棬ٶͻ˲ԭʧֱӳұֵ࣬һ˲䣬Ҳƺ˸ӦʱƮƮƮһλľ롣
ԼڲٿĶ۾ٶȣеȴǿԲֵλã֮ǰǰЩ΢ʱһ仯
һٴγ֣ղһֻ򵥵Ĺǻһ䶯϶ʱ΢ĺ⣬˫ۼٵһ裬˲ն
ֱǴնʵʰĽӰʱǰͺͻȻγһģһĴ󽣣˹
˲ʱͻ̫ȭأͬʱĹһʱֲ֪ܵĸоˣʱ˫ۡ
һĨȻḶ́ǸղǶ̶̵һ˲䣬ǳĸоڵȻܶе轣̷һ
ݺ̧ǰλã轣϶ʱһĨˮӨһϸϸĹĻǰǷ·һԲεӡ
ʹѾǵӦ֣ʱ䣬ʹѾʱ䣬һ޶۵ˣʹôʱ䣬ҲЩĵúᣬοʴӱˡ
轣˲Ͳһ㽣Ļ㽣Ļֵ˶ֵĹҴʼնģȻᱡȴβƵĸо
ӰնĽĻ֮ϣӰֻýĻҵһʧӰмĽӰȴǾþûɢȥΪǱʵĴ󽣡
ӰУֻΪＱٵĹɵĲӰΪٶ̫죬ԿʵĴ󽣣мĽӰȴǴ󽣵ʵ彣ڱĻ赲֮󣬶ʱԳԭ͡
ᵽǰǲ㱡Ļ˼ԣ˫۵ļʱٵէһǼͻȻע˿һ㣬ʮֱֹıͷֱҪ
ֱ仯ùֱ۱Ĵִ֮˫۵ҲڶʱڼŴȻһѹǰİԲιĻʱҵĻζ
һ˿ɫ̼е쳣ִ˫֮ϣֵķʽǵһμʶ·ȫļʱֱ۴һʮֵĹ졣
ǲɷϵǣַʽЧǷǳԵģＯȫ֮󣬾Ȼ˲ͽֱ۵вĻĳ̶ȣɼۼ֮ѾǷͬˡ
ֱۼһɲǣһͺȣֱٶȷ󽣵Ľֱ˹Ļ֮УȻĻֻбһ㣬ĲǷǳԣȷʵǿһĻķ
΢΢һȷĲ˹ĻѾڼ֧ȥ²һŲ˶ʱһ˿ε˲䣬Ĵ󽣾Ѿ׵Ļ˹Ļ
û赲Ĵ󽣣޿ƥеֱӺһն˵ϣʼٸﶼûа취һӿɿ񱩵ϾղΪ˻ƹĻ赲νʹ˳̵
ڹĻȻ䱻ˣǿҲûа취ƿأֻܾôɴ󽣺˵֮ϣһ죬һ޴ѷŽķ˽׵ľ롣
ʮֿĹ־ôͻأĳ˹԰ڣԶĻԺľʱһΪ;еĶǿľ±ֱӷ˿
Ʈ˵û뵽һȻôҲеӦ䲻㣬Ȼܿ˴󽣵ֱӹǽЯȴûüܿ
֮£ֻ˲䱬ǿ壬ӲһﱾҲûа취һ˴˷˵ϣ˵ûʲô˺
һеＯҪӲҲܸˣȻвҲԲ̫ùġ
ӶĹ˿ɫڿʼѿʱȻϣʵѾǰˣȷа취ܿĹ
ܹĸ֣ԲΪ԰ͲȥӶֵʵ˵ˣȥֵܿŵ㣬Ѿܹ˫Ĳ࣬ͬʱ뷽跨ȥֲֲࡣ
ȻѾ֪ˣȻ׾֪ģǿԱܿѾһʵ̾˾ϣ֮ǰսƻ̾ͱˡ
ôȥĻڵĹˣҲ˺ëֱ׿ǰֱ̽ʹǿɱС
ֻĶͻȻ͹һŴ˳·֮ǰӾѾǳĹˣǰһƮͬʱһǿ
ⲢǼ򵥵ǴǿζĹŹ壬︹ǿѹ£˲ͽΧĿռΧ
Ϊ壬ҲܽΧյ״ֻ̬ǵжЩŵζ£ֹ̱ס˺
ﲢǴ㶾鲼ܵʱ򣬽϶ʱһ棬һӣ̻ǵ
һ֣ǾԼֲٶȽȼˣٶ֮켴ʹûзӦùֱӾͱˡ
ȼĻȻʲô򵥵ĻɫΪڻȼһ˲䣬·԰Ѿ˻ҽĵš
ʹûбֱյأɲǼ仯Ϊ˻ҽοǱֱɵ澿Ŷôµĸ¡
һ壬Ƕʱһ˿΢ЦȻʮֵţΪлӳ˿̿ѾֱӻΪ˷ɻңɢ˿С


396 
ܵȼţ뿪Żһ֮⣬Χһ㶼ûܵӰ죬Ϊﻹ޷ĿƣֻܽĽӰѹһҵķΧ
һӵǵʵĻҽͿԿˣһ֮ڵķΧֱӿˣ˲ͱգ󸽽Ŀ˹
ʹһڵĿھҵķţ澿ʲôӦ޷ȷĸӦǷл˵Ϣǿʵ̫ˣѾһĴݡ
ΪѾ𺣵ʱȵĻͻȻһǿ֮Ľָ˿ķ˻ûнӴĺëĳ̶ȡ
𺣱һֱӴмʿ¶һʮֿͨһӰȰ˳ڽĺֱö˵ӰȻˡ
ղűֱӰʱҲǴ󾪣ɲǼѾ˳ǿ϶޷ָµģǻȼٶ̫죬쵽ܿ
ȫ¶ӿͨĹзǴǻһλߣôѾעˣûʲôʱסһ
ʱͬûʲôõİ취ֻǵĽͷŵڣһת֣ղŵѾΣʩչĻʱ䶼ûУʵĻǱҸЧҲ׵Ӧ֮
ǽĻʩչҪʱ䣬Ȼʱ˵ѾǷǳˣĻȼٶȸ죬˲Ϣ֮Ѿ׵ȼֻѡӲˡ
ֽӴ˻һɲǣͷ澹ȻԵȼһֱڼٵת֮У˵˳սڡ
Ҳڿٵ֮Уĵٶ֮죬̶ҲǼֲ˶õģԴע轣֮У쳣һ
Ȼ¶ȷǳ֮ߣվʵԽ۵˼ֻ˲䱻˿󷽵Ļ𺣺ϲٶȺܿ죬ɽݵͨڽ˳
ͻı仯д󾪣ղŶڱˣҲԻȥˣû뵽һĹ򣬶ԷȻôӻ˳
¶жߣû˱иˣ߶˼ȫ⣬ĳ»棬˵һˣһ龫֣ƬҲŲ˶á
ȷʵѾ˳Ҳɲٶʲôˣٶ֮죬ֻľеĴ󽣣𽣱Ӳһ
еĴ󽣣ʷͬ죬ǰĹŶִʽĺϽ죬ֻϽŷ޹ŴʿؽͶѣĹպŴĴ˦֡
һ쳣Ĵ󽣣Ľ£ȴһĺۼؽͺܿܺ񣬹ƻᱻһֱг롣
Ҳﾪһ亹аһգ˴󽣵ֵһ»ʱ䣬²һˣæ˿״̬£ٶȷǳľˣֻһĹѾ˳ʮ׵ľ롣
ٶҲȻٶȸǽٶȴǿ׷ϵģ轣һӣһεĽֱӷŵ㡣
ոһξ룬ûüĽ׷ǰһǡͣ½ŲվεʱҲȥδʱ֮£ֻһεľеĴ󽣡
ҲзǳףܽղѾй˺۵ĵطȥֵԾǲִټеĴ󽣣ǿĻһ󽣵Ľȥֵûκε⣬ٶڴ󽣵Ľһĺۼ
΢΢һ̣Ķֲ˼֮ǰЩһߣʵûʲôȤ֣ܽƵ·ᵽһ߸оĶֵ֣ȥĶԴ
轣΢΢һұӶ£轣ȴ㷢˾ŵȻЩû֮ǰĽ󣬵ʤĿڶ࣬ǵķΧʮֵĹ㷺϶ǲӦġ
Ȼŵһû뵽ǾŵС͵ĽϮûа취ֻεһξеĴ󽣣֮ǰ˺֮ϵ˺ۡ
֪ͼҪնеĴ󽣣ҲǵеĴ󽣱նϣԲŻͼȫеĽûʵȥɡ
Щʵ΢Ķ֣Ҳɵʵʲôּĸ֣ɵʵͲ̫ˣû˴󽣵İͲĶ֣๥ķҪ󽣵İ
ϧҲһ㣬һ£һ¾ҪնĴ󽣣ղź轣ཻʱѾ˴󽣵ĲȻܸ߶ˣǲ轣Ķ֡
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ⶼΪղͿĻ棬ʮ־ˣҴٶҲǿĿ£ڽĻ˵ֻ棬ʱ򱻱ƵæҵʱͻȻôһ棬ҲҪѲƤ
ŻԶԶչýɹĽ˾·ϵķƵʱ䶼ûУֻʮĹеĴ󽣾ѾӦ̡
ıظˣ㣬㣬ÿһλö൱нǲ֮ܺǰ˺۵ӣҲڸ˺ۣн۶ܼڡ
󽣵Ĳʾܸܺ߶ˣҲסô˺ۣټϽ;еĳֵʮ֮ڻ޷ֵȥˣһɾΡ
ﷴӦٶȾˣʱͷһƫ㿪ǵһ˴֮󣬻Դһ
ĴѾƻʱ¶һ˿΢Ц²һѾٵĵǰͬʱϵĻӳ赲ƶ·ߣȽֵһӵʱѾ¶˰
ʱʱ̵̿ĶעۼֻҪһ۵ͷͻӿ칥ƵʣǿС
ڼﳢԹüΣʱĴ˿һʹթͻȻһûбƭͬһХֱӽɢ˿
ѾûˣֻôӵĻҪҿеѰ
һ߲ϵĹһ΢΢Ц


397 
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Сŭһȴ˵ʲôֻϵĵֵĹʧȥ˴֮ԼѾԽԽмĽˡ
ʱԽԽ˳֣ƾе轣ѾȫѹסķչȻϣֻǿ֧˲ӵʱ䣬ͻȻֱС˻ȥٶȻָԭСͷģ
ʧȥ˱ε֮Ķ֣еĹ򣬾Ѿ׵Ʒˡ
ô
סж֮ﱻ˹԰ĳϣɫĶʵ
ģҲɱģһûʲôҺѿɱ䡣
΢΢һЦӿڴͳһҩɫҺ忴ǳޡ
ʲô
һ䣬ȻڶԷע䲻Һ壬ʲôͷ
ѧ˻зĶʱ֤ĹЧǿԽļԼļµȼߣǿɢڵٶȻعͨ˵С
˻еҩ赭д˵
ļ£
üͷ΢΢һԵЩ졣
֪Ѿ׵弶ߣȻ׵ʱ䲻ǺܳʵѾԵĳԽļߣҩûлһδ֪
˵ͷԣֻรˣûеĻһǻһõĻôϲ㣬Ӵͻعͨ˵ƽˡ
ΪΪ⣬ȻѾ䵽ǵҲ޻˵ˡ
ϵûκαߵɫֻƽ˵һ仪ĵ;ı۾Ŷ˵Ľٻǲ
ƽ̾˿֪زͻȻͨˣһ飬ǿ϶ǴõĲ
ȻǱŵȻǲʱĴȥͬ˵ģߣӣһܺɫ˻ֱע䵽ڡ
ӵʱ䣬˻ŻЧˣЧʱļҪĶ࣬ȻԽߵߣ˻ĵֿԽǿ
һԾĹ۲˼ӣ˻弶߲ûãֻЧ޶ѣӦڵûȫɢɢһ֣ʵԼ½ĳҡ
ڵʵҲǴ弶˻ļߣ˵ҲһСĴ
óһСͲֱϳһѪƵͲֽڵϣϳصĴ󽣼
˻Щ弶ϵߣЧǺ޵ģһͨ˿ûʲôϣˣ´λл㣬ϣʵܸһ
˵󲻵۾һضϽѾʧˡ
˼Ӻ˫ۣеŭԶ׼ǳһû񣬻ԷһëͷСϷˣһʵٶȽļ
ߺ󲻾ãCIA˺͵һ˶˹ֳֻʣһ˾ڳϣΧһƬǽսһʮֲֿĳĹ֣Ǳһնĺۼ
ôˣ
ûзټǰȥʵ
ڷĹУƺȫģûһӣæеʵ
ˣҲĶ֡
ﻺ˿ðĹҡͷ˵
ʲôĶ֣
˹һֱŶĻҪ֪ʮǰѾ˰׹λSֵߣʵ֮ǿǲԶģھȻ׿ڳ
ǲҪСǸʵѾȻȼϻһ㣬ʵսǳǿ󣬸ô򵥡
ҡҡͷҳһûץססˣ֪ķѾƳһ˻𣿡
˻ʲô
üͷ΢΢ɻʵ
һֿԽڵɢҩղǸעҩڵɢĳңʵҲļߡ
̾˿
ʲôԭҩĹ˵ЩƻķֲôһͨˣҲʲôֻ֪֪Լ˴ˣǼҲ鲻ʲô
һ䣬ɫķо˻ӰǷǳ޴ģζԺĽսУǵֻҪԷ׽סһͨ˵ĸʽǳĸߡ
˻Ƿʲôȱݣ
˹CIA쵼̾ץס˹ؼĵطȽҩ϶ôģƣʹã͵˴ùˡ
ķһǺ˵弶ϵ߿Դȵĵֿ˻ҩЧҵĹƣ߾Ϳȫ˻
ҡҡͷ˵
弶ֿߡ
˹ͽһЦֱû˵ʲôд弶ߣȥսˣǻںߡ
˵ֻʱó˻ԺǲҿɾͲұ֤ˡ
̾˿
˹ͽҲͬʱ̾˿˼ǶףֻҩĿǰĹЧѣһķʲôĽʱҩЧĿǷǳ֮ߵġ
Ȼȥɣ˰ʱָ֪ͨϽãȻ㱨һɡ
˹ҡҡͷԸȥһȺ뿪ˣʱûжҲ˱ںһ뿪ˡ
뿪˹԰߷αװĤ´ĶϽս˽ָ
Ѿ̽𣿡
ó绰ͨĺ롣
ǵģӳѾŪˣ⼸ӳڸɢ˶Էעǵռ鱨ܽе˳
̸˵Ļش⼸Ĵңǵѹ࣬ܶԭפصɳȥ׷ˣ˱ķ
Уȥǣûض֮Ǿ뿪
Ҷ˵绰һ⳵뿪˹԰
ɢڲͬطľƵҪȥΪϾĵ̣Ļ˼һ𣬺ԷĻɡ
һ䲻۵ľƵ귿ڣ̸ķ䣬ӱϿһϣ⼸ռ鱨
аǷδüߵϣڴŵĵص㣬ԼصΣЩϢѾ۵ĳԱǴһ
鱨ʱûб˷ְɣ
߿ϱʵ
ţǺСģûб˷ټЩȫˡ
΢΢һЦ


398 ƻɹ
ܺãŵĵصȻCIAܲ
ϣŵĵص֮ʱʱüͷ΢΢
CIAܲԷʮСĵıļǴϢӦûоϣԵõôһļҲŪʲô
˵ͷǵҲʶļݵҪԣԽļƵıŵλþCIA֤ﴢҡ
ûýȥİ취
ʵ
ţѾƶ˼ŵķҽ
˵
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̧ͷȤʵ
ѾȷһĿأǸ֤ﴢҰȫһԱÿ춼ȥ֤ﴢѲߣеļغ豸ȷС
¶һ˿΢Ц
ܺãܹ滻ǽȥͻɵĶֻ࣬Ҫʮӵʱ䣬ͿԴļ뿪ˡ
ĵ˵ͷ۳ԱǰµЧʻǷǳߵģʡ˲ٵʱ䡣
һᣬߵӵʱ򻻰࣬ڻ֮ǰͨȥֶԽǵȦȦԣǸʱֵĺʱ򡣡
˵
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˵ͷöƻڼƻʵʩѡȥɣǰѶʰһ£̷֮ˡ
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̵ͷӦһ߳˷ȥ֪ͨ۵ĳԱǣڷо˼ƻ·ͼ
ߵӣŪһƾɵɹȦ潫ؽٵ˳ϣһµĸ߷αװĤαװ˷صӡ
žϸıȶһļͻȻһ壬Ҳ৵һ°֣úͷһҲֻôǣһۼ
뿪֮ǻϵǵġ
˷صƷ֮뿪ˣʻ뿪ſڡ
ͷϵñӣȦһ¹ĳֱӴ·߽˶CIA¥ſڵľûȻǾѾˡ
ڴ¥һ¥ˢ˷صĿ׵ľͽ˷ܵCIA¥ڲ˳żеĵͼֱ֤ﴢң¥Ѿˣְ˻Ѿ°ˡ
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жʱ΢û뵽ƻȻ¨ӣؽȻˣǲ֪һתɤӣɤͱ˻
е㲻ҩˣһøҩߡ
ɳɤӣһ˵
ĲᰡɤӶѾƳˣȥϢһɣİҲֵˡ
߸ļʮ˵
лˣǶͷúõĺһ
װĵ˵ͷȦǰȥ߸˿һıӰ΢΢ʼ磬ֶ뿪ˡ
˿ȵ߸ʧȵһͷֱ֮ͦˣӿ˲ϵ֤ﴢҺһżҵűǷļս˽ָת뿪ˡ
ȥ·ûʲô⣬ϵ֮Ԥĵطͣͷ˲ͬĺ뿪˻ʢ٣ʮСʱ󣬼ͨתѾڶʻˡ
ȻȥúõϢɣȥ顣
ȸϻۻأһȥá
ôͻˣ鶼ˣ
½ڰ칫Ҽʱ򣬶ʱȵĵɴ۾ʱû֪ͨû뵽ȥû죬ȻѾˡ
ţ鶼Ѿˣķֲûȫ꣬Щֲ˶˵̫ˣʹٶҲûʲô壬һҿץһ㡣
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½̷Ӧ˹֪ĸˣʱȤʵ
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½վߵ˲輸ϣһϽϸĹ۲
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˵赭д½ȴܸܵսգʲôʮǰֵܺսƽֵ弶ߣ
ĸ֣˵ץסץסģһ˲Ҫ˵׽ּĸ֣ܲ˼ҵӹһٻ˵ɴҲ֪ڵʵжǿˡ
˻עЧô
½ȽϹģϾ˻оڣû弶ʵ飬ЧΣҲǺܺġ
弶ߣ˻Ѿ˵ֻֿ֮ǱȥĳңʵҲ½ļߣûͼһֱӴԭͣͨˡ
ҡҡͷ
ҲµϾ弶ߺļĲʵ̫ˣһϵģ˻ǵӦʮֵޡ
½˵ͷ¶һ˿Ȼ顣
ҩܲܽиĽ
ֱʵһֱоҩ⣬ڶҩһҲһ˽⡣
Ľ϶ǿԣûвܸĽĶ׵ĳ̶Ȳһѣ˻ȻҲ֪Ĳ࣬˵Ƶķǳѣòײȶͺš
½ҡͷ˵
Ǿ˵ĽʮˣҪȺþ֮ɹʱ˵Ļ˻ֻвļµǡ
˵ͷ½˼Ѿˡ
½ڰ칫ŵʱԶڵһ˵飬ʱȴѾǷҡ


399 ѵɺϣ
ʲôͳȻ˵ҪԸ
һĸ߲㣬ŭ֮һӣ϶ʱһ㽹ڵ״
ǵģͳֱ´һѡ֮ǰںķȥԸʱϵȫ䱸ûеõ֪֮ͨǰκ˲ж
һƷŮ˵ͷޱ϶һļžת뿪˰칫ңһߵ߲㡣
ֱǺ֣
һǷļֱ߲֮ӽļݺݵˤϣΪ棬ȻǵŲʣ֪ķѾƳ˻𣿣
ˣͳϾֻǸͨˣ˻ҲֻӰ죬дشڣǲ̫࣬ϾǸսĲš
һ߹ҡҡͷ˼˵
ô죿
ǰŭʵ
ͳȻڵԴԸѵûа취յԴɲֻǱϿôࡣ
һ߹¶һ˿ζЦݣʼ˽ϲʱ¶һ˿յЦݡ
ƷɾסĵطһЩֵˣȫˣƷɶ˷ӣԼ˼ӵζ˲֪ƷѾǵĴڡ
ȻƷɵʵûǿһ߶꣬˷ǳϰߣ˵ڶͱ˲Ծĵط
ѵǵ鱨ˣ
Էûпƣ谵ķеСе㲻Ŀһʵ
ȻͺյƷɿͶϢȴһֱȷͨƷʲô߶жϣƷɾ˸Ƶãڼûгһ
ѵˣ
ͼеƷɾ㷢ǵļӣҲӦкԼ֯ĳԱϵѵ֯ʲôܵϵʽ֪ġ
Űɣͼ٣ǻʱ䡣
ȭͷָڣ˫￪ʼ˸ɭĹâһȷƷȷʵǺһôһҪԷ
񽻽ϣص˼Уƨɻûȣͽӵ˶ĵ绰Ҳû˵ֻȥһۻء
ʲô
ǰһЩͼƬͼƵµĸ߰һˡ
ڼƷɵˡ
򵥵˵
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üͷ̾뵽Ʒǰ϶ңƷɹȥ֪Ĳ࣬Ҳ֪һͺգھôһʡ
ȷͺյˣƷѾͨȷ˶ԷݣǰͺˣƷɺǲǺ졣
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ΪʲôƷɣԭ֪𣿡
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һҲǺпܵģƷɲûж˵ʲôͺ֯ŷ޵СǻСһΪá
˵ͷҲ˵ͺյ֣ƷɣҲǴˣ˵ȫǴ֯ˣˣKing֯ͺĴ֯
ûһǼ򵥵Ȿ˵ǵʵͬĲСû˻ȥԶԶǲˡ
»ǺǸɣҼǵƷɺ˵Դﱻ˾磬֪ʲô˲õܣô˴µԴﲼ¾磿
ͻȻһ£ʱȷƷɿ֪ʲôܣԷĿҲϾΪɱڵġ
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ܼ˵ж۵ĵƷɼҵĸʲô춯Ļ̽£ץץץĻҲǿԵġ
Żеĺˣĵ˵ͷһ˿âƷѣȻѾˣͲöԷڲˡ
İɣһᰲźõģ
˵ͷǰʾϻлƷɼҸ̽ͷܵļˡ
ûнһȡϢ֮ǰֱӶ˶ֹ֣ݾߣϾԷĿĲһҪɱƷɣʲôĻóȻֻƷ뱻״̬
ãʱˣʲôҪĵطʱϵ
˼뿪ۻء
ڼкúõϢһϣڶһ磬׼ȥƵģǸ׼ŵʱ򣬾ͽӵ½ĵ绰
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˵绰ͺЦʵ
ģϵܣβʲô£Ǵĺ£
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üͷ΢΢һ̧ʱЩȵʵ
½˵ʱ½Щ֣һʲ֪ԭ½Ȼʶֵ죬ֵʵȻǿڱȴǲôܴ
ҪԭΪֵƢʵ̫ˣһըӣŵ˺ദ϶Σµ˲õĸ֡
ֵȥִһ󣬻û뿪˱ţʱ½һ¹Դֵ뿪֮Ҳʧȥϵ
Ҵ˺ܶϵֵ֪뿪˱֮ȥܶطھڶֻǺܶ˶֪ѡ
½˵ͷ˵
ڶ
ʱ̧ͷһȵʵ
ϢܿɿҿȷڶôҪҪȥһ
½Цʵ
ԣҲûʲô飬ҹȥ㣬Ȼһȥġ
ֵҲЩ棬Ҷ˵绰֮̿ȥãӵ½ֵ̳֮ӵĵطˡ
ڵ趨Ŀĵ֮ʱλƺЩϤһʱûֱһ·֮ŻȻ˹·ϴȥһֵ·
ѵǸ־ֵ죿
жʱһֵ뷨ָϽҡҡͷôɺϵ飬˾Ȼصһ𣬿϶ֻǷλһѡ


400 ֵ
ӻͣ·ߣʱ򣬾ɲʵǰԺȴѾֵҹǸ֡
ô飬
ڸʻ½ȤĴԺӣͷϵ飬ʱʵ
ԺǰȷǴKing֯Ϣʱһ˴
˵ͷ˴˳ţԺǰ
Ǹ׼ԺŵʱԺ֨ѽһˣϴǸ֣ôվԺź󣬴һֱһԵ½
þò
˾Ĭ˰Σֵ¶һ˿Ц˵ͷ˸к
죬һѾʮȥˣԴ㵱뿪˱ţôûлȥɰҵˡ
½΢΢һЦֵļ
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ǰǶֲһеһ֣пȫķֲУǵһҲ˵
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½ϸˣֲһǿ𣬷ŵȫķֲҿɾûˡ
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ԭϵҲǱŵˣϴһ֣ðһô֣ԭǱųˣ뿪Щ꣬ŷչͷҲδ
ֵȻһЦʮ͵Ŀһۡ
ֵ죬лǺܺģҿֵӣ½˵ƢʮֵĻ𱬣һԲϾֱӴ֣ŵĸо
һԸǰ˾޴ı仯ܵʲô̼Ǵ󳹴µĸ򣬷ǶȻּ˵
ſ˵ôãɣǺܶ궼ûˣ˰ѹһϲȵ֦ͷһֱУԭϲ¡
վſڵֵ˿½Ժֻóһ׺С¯ߡ
ôˣײ㻹Ű
Ժ½һʯϵĺС¯ߣʱһЦ
ȻˣڱŵЩֻ꣬ܵҵƢ͸ҵײߣΪҪôҿǵ˱Щ˺ܶطײһֱߡ
һˮֵ쿪ʼ˲ҶһƵʱƮɢԺžĿĸо
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½ӣ϶ʱһ˿ݡ
ٺ٣֪ϲȲ裬ضĲҶǵʱˡ
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֪ѣֻѣŻʮû֮һʣ˿֣ڱֵܵżǺܶ࣬򲻻ֻ½һĵѡ
ˣЩûôԸ仯ôɲǰʶֵ찡
峺дһ˿̵Ĳˮ½һζ֮ɻʵ
ĲˮһҲȤĿֵ죬Ҳ֪⣬ʲôԭһƢ쳣ˣȻ⸱ŵӡ
˵飬治֪˻Ƕˣֵ书Ҳűӣ֪˶ΪˣʵʵֻԼ֪
ֵ˲豭̾˿
ô书˲ӣ
½üͷҲеĲ豭ɻʵ
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ʵǰҾѾ뵽һ磬ҲǴǸʱʼ˱仯ƽʱʱҵǳ̫Ĳ·˷ҵһ㡣
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Ȼ£Ҽǵ书ϲûᵽһ㰡
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书ϵȷûᵽʵ书ֻ֮֮϶УǵõؼﲢûмأԻҲżȻ书
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һΪ˲֪
½˵ͷ豭һڲˮ
ﻹһЩݣֻżȥһѣƽʱһ˾һһ˼ô⡣
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ÿ¶һ䣬ޱɱ֮УͬʱṦǣһǲѨ쳣
һֱһԾŵϸ˼һ󣬿ֵʵ
Ѩһȷǻ쳣֣ϵĪ֪ʲô
ֵһԭ׼ˮͣһϲ̧ͷ
֪һڻȷǲһ¡
˵ͷѨÿһʱͻɺȵתһΣ仯ʮεʱ򣬾ͻͬʱѨͣҲᱩǣ֪˵ǲǺһ
ԣϵ֪Щʲô
ֵʮֵļжŵĲ΢΢һЩˮĸ˵ֱǲ˼飬Щ˿ǶƿضѾָƵĳ̶ȡ
ϵܣʲô취ԽĻ졣
½Ҳһ˵
λϸ粻Ҫļ֪һ㣬İ취ҲУֻһЩ鷳ѣҿԿ϶һܹġ
Ц˵ѹѹ֣ʾ԰ꡣ
ʲô취ǲʲôҩıȽңģҿһЩϵȥѰңҲдҩģⶼ⡣
½ֵ컹Ҫżһеӡ
ҪʲôҩģЩҩȻõĲ٣ѰҲǱȽ׵ģ鷳ĵطڵΪܹΪϸˡ
˵
Ϊ
ֵɻʵΪڵ书Ѿʮֵ׿һмǺеֵģ书Ϊ˵Ͳһ鷳ˡ
ڵΪҪһ̨ף뵽һ֮㹻İոϸˣǿж֣һʧܣϸļʾͷǳˡ
˵ͷһ磬ҵİջеģֻҪһʱѣϸһ֧ô꣬Ҳǲʱġ
ʱҵǵȵϵţһ磬ѵʱҲǺܶࡣ
ֵ˵ͷ˼˵


401 Ĳ
ˣÿʱ㶼ôסģ
֪Ϊ֮½תֵ죬˷Ͼֵĸ֣һǷǳ˵ģټΪᱩһأǷɵƻҲǷǳ޴
ҰԼˣԺӵ·һһʱ䣬һ޴ר˴һǳι̵ѺϽԼε
ֵʼ磬ɵ˵ߣҴȥÿҶҪһ졣
ÿ¶ҪڰյĵڶԴһ졣
½̾˿ֵҲȥ˽֮ڱϵķһ¥ݣ˳¥Ⱥȥ
沢ûаװκε豸ֻзǵļҹ飬˵ʵʹֻһĹҲԽµˡ
˳¥ݲȥʮľ룬͵һԼһƽҵĵңҶûȣ滹һ֭˵ѾǷǳιˡ
˽ȥԵĿԸопӿݲƽĵ棬ǽҲǰݽȥȭӡɼֵÿʱ򣬹ȷǷǳĿ¡
ˣÿ¶ﰾһ죬ЩѾϰˡ
ֵ컺תһңǽϵܣѾ˾ϵĴ㣬ҲӦˣûʲô˵ġ
ʺ㣬죬Ӧųɹâڳ˲Ŷԣְյӣôʺȥ
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ʱѾͬˣڵʱϵǵʱϵܲӦųɹâˣЩϼһһ԰ЪϢɣ
ֵһЦ˰Ц
ϸģҽ֮ĵһ¾ǰˣƵĹҶаղֻҪΪ㹻ƿ϶ǲġ
ҲЦ˵֮ǰίϸһʱ䣬Ž׵ʱӦò̫õġ
ûϵϵܲҪżӦѭ򽥽ҪΪҵԭóȻĳͻƣʲô⣬Ҫƴˡ
ֵɵ˵ѾϰˣʹҲûʲô֪ҵκõһ죬ҾѾˣٲ¶ˡ
ڵ˵һͻصԺһ֮½Ҳ͵뿪ˡ
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оˣ
ȤĿŶСװһϸСĵԪ
ѾɹˣͼֽҶѾˡ
ͷҲ̧˵ͬʱĻͻȻһǳӵͼһۻң֪ʲôʲô
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һ㲿װȥװһɫĻ󣬿ֱӿڶϣһ΢͵ʾһѿֵš
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Ǹеϡʵ
ţƷȽϷء
˵ͷһ̾סǸɫװְȥ΢һ¡
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ˡ
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ţѾˣҪǲԶҵЧĶýвˣǰҾѾˡ
ͷ˵һãȻΪʲôһʧӡ
ŶǾͺãֻҪװûУԺͿԲþʹ뿪ʵҲԵõȵ
ȻһЦֻҪʵнУȥʣֻҪܹУƷǱϵģජŵ㣬ʲôϵҡ
뿪ۻأֱӿȥŴãڶ¥칫ҵƣʱ칫ﲢֹһˣĸ滪
ôˣ
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ұ̸飬û뵽Ҳ
ͷһЦ
εѾ½˵ˣ鷳صһᡣ
ȵ滪Ըһ裬֣µĸл
ܲÿһСˣȥҲбŷ˳һˣüϡ
˰ֵһһֱЦŵƣҩĶѾ˵ɱ𣿡
ѾչĶѾ͹ȥˣʣµĻڼչĻ½½ȫ͹ȥϾҩһʱ䣬һڵ֧š
Ƶ˵ͷ
ţǱһԸǽһƵҩߣʱصһЩҲרŵԱȥ𡣡
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Ǵֱѽҩĳ֣ؾʵһڶʱڼţʱŷ޷⣬Ҫͷչһˡ
滪ĿһۣЦǺǵ˵
ĻѣȻѣôҪæĵط岻ݴǵ飬պ󵫷ʲô飬ֻҪ˵һУҲһҪȥұŵˡ
ͬһЦգգ۾
仰ˣԺʲô飬ҾֱϵˣǱߣϵҾ;ϵ
滪˲豭һıӣԲƾһ
̶滪Ѿ˾ˣ˾ͨҵĹϵŷ޵עĹ˾Ϣ滪Ȼ֪ġ
ȻһЩûи滪Щ漰ŵ飬һһʮȫ˸ףϾҲûʲôĵط
ӵбǿıҪһԼĹ˾ڰзչ׳һزԺҲעΪʵۺĴţ滪Ҫʲô


402 ǽ
ӵһμʱ滪֪һ򵥵ˣʸĸоһ㣬ֵʸУϸ
滪˵Ǻܾȵ飬̶꣬ҲִҶ꣬Щ̺һ˫۽𾦣һǰǰǺ޶Σ̾ͻᱻϸ
ȴʼտ͸¾ǽͶˣҲܿһЩϸ˵ʵȲ书滪Ҫǿܶ滪ܿǡ
ǶѾ˽⵽һ̶֮ӵеǳľǻۣʱĥ³ļܣͻĲ٣滪ĵλͨһҲһġ
ЩǰƺǸһ㣬滪εȥŬ޷ԽԽԺʱԼ˼ˣÿʱͻȻѡ
ʱˣ滪ʶˣܹⴧ͸ɴķˣˣֻҪ㲻ȥǾԲ鷳ġ
ڻعʱ䣬滪Ҳ˽⵽ƣ˵ĹϵȻʲô̶ȣ滪ȴץеĻᡣ
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⵹˵滪Ϊ˺ϹϵԸԼıŮΪŮͺϵܺãŽȥ顣
ϣûʲôֵܹ滪ҪŮȥͽģĻҲһ˵ˣͱ滪޳ȥˡ
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ʷ뿪˲úͿƼͿʼ½½뿪ˣְԭǧٹ֣ⲢǹؼؼЩ뿪ͿƼ֮󣬺ܿͶ¹˾Ļ
ֵǣЩ˾кֻܶ࣬ƼһңкܶͬҵĿƼ˾ͲˣƼ˵ĻӦǰ˶ڵԼ˾Ŷԡ
ȴͻȻôĹ˾ͬʱͿƼչƣҿнˮһ⣬ԶԶĳͿƼĴͬڶߵС
޿ɷϣͿƼŷޱĶǾӢЩӢҲûܹƥЩĳ̶ȣЩ˾ͬʱ׼ͿƼ֣Ȼʲôɸ˵ܡ
лأͿƼڹһ⣬һˣôڼͽ˾һصĳ̶ȡ
ʱ뿪ͿƼЩˣǸзҪԱЩһ뿪֮ͿƼзٶ½࣬Ȼжϣȷʵܵ˼Ӱ졣


403 ۸
Ȼչز˵˹ˣǲеʲôˣ
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ģͬȫԩң㲻ͬУԺҲпܱͬУΪǰ·ҲпڱֵģʵǶ̫ˣʱ֪˭
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⻰ȻôŵˣһˣС˾ֱˣ뿴ûʲôŵ˾ͬҵЩ˲ҪĿꡣ
üͷһһеǺ˽⣬Ҳ֪һҵµֻ֣滪Լȥˡ
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ԷȻҴĻߵ̨ǰǾ˵ԷһĹٷ϶ûʲôõġ
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ڹεӴϾǻĵĵؽ磬źֶܶκòãϾͷڶ࣬ǿѹ˵ĻķС
һʱûıҵȺ֮ĻʹҲæĽͷö滪ϸ˼һ󣬻Ǿ˶ǰıȽϺá
Ȼ滪֮ԻôǣҪԭΪԱߣֻҪڣȥѾûʲôˣΪһ˵ʵ㹻Ӧͻ״ˡ
ʵǸ˱Ӳһ磬棬ؽܹ⵹˻ǲ࣬滪ҲǺܷģȻԼŮ˹ա
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ŤԶţһ˿ζ飬ǺϽ죬ǳļ̣һ㲻ǳײŪȴӲˡ
Ϊʲô֪ǱŪģܼ򵥵ĵΪԶŵ濴һӡȻܵǵȷµӡһӹɵġ
Զһ㣬Էи֣ʵԣе˼
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˽ڳŮ˹ƿߣǳ飬ղҲ㱻˵Ϸˡ
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Է֮Ҳע⵽˵ĳ֣һͷ˶ʱˣߵǰ棬ḡĵЦ
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ĿǰǸӣüͷʱ
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٣֪ôʲô˼
ƾ棬ҲԵİϣ˵ЩˣɲὫԼ˰һϡ
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Ҳ˰ɣ˵ͿƼҪΪҵĲҵˣôû˵
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ЦҡҡͷվһԵĳһּۣ˵ѾչͬʱʽͿƼϮ˵ƣȵԺо֮ӦþͿչɹ˰ɣ
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ѹǰʱͿƼô߼ʦְһЩĪС˾˹ȥһȻȥ˺ɵй˾űԭһнˮԭǸĹ
ǰ棬һ˿⡣
ܲã⻰ɾͲˣʲôжǸĹǿʲôûɲҪѪˣֻǰĳ߶ѣûʲôΥĹ
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˵߾ߣĪǷԺҿģ
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ĸУھҪڵ̬ȣϰ˵ǿڵķݣЩˣǳְıڣܲãĹܽ̿ǺⰡ
ǿ׳һۣ˵ûа
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˿ûжŭ෴ϻһ˿ֵЦ⡣
ԭǵĺ飬һûҲʲô˾ôôһӣ
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ĵĺһʱҽһͷĴϣϣ򣡳飬үǿţ
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ҲûҪǵϾͿƼĴ¥ֳҲвС鷳ƽ鷳ɲ鷳ġ
һȺ֮Ѿŵ˵һ԰칫ϵ棬˹ȥ
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ʵĵͭʵǷҲᣬӵЩֱһץͽץһѾͳ·ĵ˫ֱ
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죬һ˦ѾֱԽƵͷɳ˰칫ҵš
ϴͿƼʧҾͲôˡ
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һŵĴֶʱ뿪˳İ칫ң潫ˤ߻صҲһŤŤ¥ȥˣһ·ϻʱаӴӴʹ
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ʱŭĽһȺȻô˶򲻹˼һˣ˼ҵɶûһǶôؼʱͲˣ
үҲ֪ǻṦģֻǶʱ䳤һЩͨѣЩ˱ȣȫ˼Ҷְ
һЩί˵Ѿǿʼˣļ޲ھͽݺݵĴһ١
ҪϻˣȥʦĳһҪһԺôȥˣӴҵ
ݺݵ˵ȴΪ鶯̫󣬶ʱǣ˿ڣҺִﴫ˳
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ǳģƽʱڹĶǣһ㶼漰ϾҶڼΪʿֶҲ
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ǺðɣǾһǸŵپҪֳʲô
Ƶ˵ͷʱࡣ


405 
Ȼŵϰ嶼ͿƼˣȻǲð칫ҾôһģһЩ˹ܿͰѰ칫Ҵɨһɶһɳϡ
һ裬ÿˮϴһߣһ˵һĲˮһкŹɵվ˳
ܣڸղλᵽչˣôûʲôϢ
ᴵ˴иĲҶŵĺ˿ڲ裬滪ߣֻǾĺŲˮûҪ˵˼
ǸŮСɵϰߣֻҪڴ飬滪ʹߣҲ˵仰ģȫһȥƳǿĸҲǱôġ
ģܣչŷ飬ǻûϱԺĴƱյģô⡣
ɳϣƽ˵
֪˭й¶˹˾Ļ𣿡
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ʱΪʱְĸ߼ʦ࣬ǵждͼۣһ˽Щй¶˳ȥǸٽڹǡ
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֪׼ͿƼһҹ˾𣿡
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Ȼ֪Ƽڹ㶫Ǻܺã˵ǳǱӵǿзǲǰȵڼоǵչ沢ĿƼ˾Ӷ˵Ĵơ
˼˵˾ǰڵзɱ̵棬ԽԼǳʱͿԻóɹ
һҹ˾Ȼ浽ڣѵ㶫Ĺ˾չȥ
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Ȼǲܵˣôһҹ˾ڣ˵ӶùģǱҵˣ̨ǳӲڹ㶫ûܹ⵹ǡ
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ҴӴӽھͿʼ̣˸ĸ￪ŵĴ󳱣õʱغеĳжڼٵķչץס˻ᣬܿͻ𣬷չ׳
֪һ򵥵ˣӸղƺ˵̬Ⱦܿóһ˾ܰƽôĴ֣ȻҲǷǳġ
ֻǾ̣ǾӵôԸԤԺо
üͷһЩš
ȻǣֻǾң˳ʽǾͿʼȫ˾磬ھ͹Ŵҵ˴ڡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿ż˵ЩҪҵֱݣҪմ״ʣǺйˣ֮طȫһƬڹ㶫Ѿǵ˿һĵزˡ
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ֵʵ֪ĵĹٷǱϿôкܶѪŴڣרžΪЩĵ档
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˲ţʱûᣬֻҪصţôεĲҲͲ˷ˣƻҪлǣõôһԱԳĴ󽫡
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406 
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ʮˣΧµˮйͨתҲ˸ϡã͸زܿԶĳţǸϽѾ׵Ūˡ
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ţղŵǸСأڵͷڹ֣ҾͰ¥ˣŲţ
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ԭиڴˣѹôš
һǸʦʱ˵ͷ˵ȷѾ֮Ȼһ书һ˫ϣܹԵ󣬶һЩȽ书ܹԵĸı
Ϊ˵ȷǰһЩǲûʲôģʲôĵطĳһǸ
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֪ʲôŭԹ飬ֵô˴󶯸ɸ꣬Ǹӡ
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ΪҵĴүǸӳȥδҲ̫ˣ֪ˣҲֵòʰ
ƵûзĻɴĵ˵ͷ˵
ٺ٣ңʲô鶼ҵţǶҾҲֻڹ㶫ţ˶ĵؽ磬ǵ͵һĺã飬һͲˡ
ҡͷһЦĿɨһվһԵ档
ԴӸղƵ֮һֱûпڣôվһԣ˵ϵİ
֪ҪһʲôĽ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ķ֣ûбҪҲ׵ĶϣȻҵЭ飬ƽʱǽһЩ鷳Ҫͬĸ֣ҪһµģҪ׬Ǯʱûȥ
ܼ򵥣ͿƼ˶ʧֲٻֱΪֹ
赭д˵
ƺЩⲻɣֱΪֹʲô˼һֱ⣬͵һֱֲ
Ƶɫʱĵ˼úף֪Է첻ˣ΢΢̾˿һսǲɱˡ
ߣͿƼôĸ߼ʦЩ뿪˿϶ǲٻˣͿƼ˵ĿĿֵԹô׾ͰĨȥԺŻôڶ㣿
ɫҲ˵еľʱʢʵʵĿʱֱƵ˫ۡ
һսǲɱˣֻҪӮңȻӦκҪ󡣡
Ҳˮֱָ⣬ҲΪĿġ


407 һ˵
Щµˣ˰ɣ
Ȼĵ˵ͷЩжЩͨѧˣΪľǽһЩϲ̨顣
ô˵Ҳ޿ɺǣǮ֣쾭顣
Ƶûʲô˼ɴĳ
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ԭˣղűҴ˻ӦǶˣĸ֣ȷǺܲһˣϷǳˣѾǴ´ˡ
΢΢ͷһЦ
жʱһΪѾԷ͸ˣǵΪֹûܿԷΪʲôѾ˵ˣԷͱ߳˲ֹһ
ʵҲɣΪ˱ɸĹڣǾԼһ±ԵĹʮΪޣָʤ
һһ˼
ҲУҲʡһ򡣡
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ľӣûм˵עĶһ˫ѾϢһƬͨ죬ھӵʱѾѪ˵ֲ
е˼ǴӡĹ򣬿Ѿ۳ϥӦǵһľ磬ҿ㾿ѧ˼ֻ򡣡
ȻһЦʾ˺ˣⲽǰ
˾Ҫʼ֣ΧȺʱĺ˿ˣȻ֪ĵϸƵĹ֪ģҲϽ泯˿
ʱıҲЩ֣һ˿ڴһ˿ǣ·ķǳľһ㡣
ԸǷǳ˽ģͲֻĥĥˣ֮ǰͿƼҲʱΪûǰԤԼݣſڵľҾŴŲý
ֱӴӳģһƾͽϽŸˣߵһԣͷβû˵һ֣ͨе·֮ͻص˳ϡ
ͿƼתһȦûзʲôƸкûһֱһзˣȫһˡ
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ءһը죬ͷ·ڴﶪһһ˶΢΢һΣͻľеͷš
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ͷǸˣŪͷϵһСëЦŴתǸ˽ŴһȺֵվﲻʱЩֵʵ
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汳ȺУһ˽һ
ţɵվŸʲôɥǹǰٽģԸɷģôҲٵǮôܳأƽʱôǵģ
ëָŸղ˵Ǹˣһɸֵӡ
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408 ƿ
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409 
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ʱУһ˾վҵˣǿֵµˣҲǻëȥˣЩǶʶ
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ǿǽϵͶӰľ飬ԼǱߵһЩһʱ벻ʲôԭֻô˵һ䡣
ɥ˵ĶԣСӣȰǻʶһ㣬Ҫٲʹ죬ʱʲô飬ûܹǡ
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ʱվ۾ǸС쵼һˣűϢʱɫһ԰ףЩŵʵ


411 Ԯ
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Щ潥ʵջΪһ̵ָС״Ķǰ΢΢һ֮ʮͻȻʧӰ١
ڱͼپŵƷɣʱ䣬ĸ֪У˷ʵޱȵĻ˹Ȼ֪αͼ٣֪Լ϶ЩĹΧ֮ڡ


414 µĻ
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ǲǲģҲʱ͸һ䡣
ͼٻĽذײȲĶ˵
ܺãѻ˵ˣνĴ򶷣˵֮ǣȻλѾ˾ǾͲԶˡ
Ц˵ջɢѹҲʱٴ麣һص˵֮Уٴα֮ǰǸͨͨģһ
ãоʱǻ֪ͨƷɡ
ͼһۣ˵ͷ󣬿ٵ뿪˷䡣
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˴ӣֱۻؼҵĶ
Ѿʰ뿪ˣĿǰǰ·ϡ
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Ʒ΢΢˿ԭӵõĳͿӣʱҲ˲ȥһ·ˣôһͿɳһ˲ĵ
˵㣬ȻѾǣΪʲô֪ͨǣһЩһԷбרŵĲãô죿
ҡҡͷ
ҵˣû뵽ͺջô飬Ȼһʼʹնݳļƻû׼һš
Ʒɳϣһʧ
ͺ֮ǰ飬ܶҲЩ֯ô˵ģ㻹ԼҪСģʲôҪĵطһҪʱ֪ͨǡ
̾˿Ƕ쳣Ҳ֪£´ٳ⣬ܿҲġ
İɣ֪ˣ´Щ⣬һһ㡣
ƷɿЦһ˵ͷ˵
뿪֮ƷҲʰ˶ʱһסĵطⷿҲģʱֻҪ𻵵Ķ۸⳥һ¾ͺˣҲǺ鷳
ص˼Уϴ֮ʼճƷǱǷǳĵģϾжڣʲô쳣ĻҲԼʱõ֪ܱͨƷɸȷڡ
ʱ䣬Ҫϴεõľѧ񽣣Զ̹ȻнʮƣǽʮʮֵӴ󣬾񣬵ʱҲֹȥ
ԸĵԽԽ࣬Ҳ𽥷һЩʮƲĵطĹȻǿ󣬵ʱҪԵĹ֮ʱʮȴǷǳá
ǻƣҲľԣԴǰʱ俪ʼѾʼ񽣣ŴͽֽҪκİæͿʹǳϬĽ
ȻǾޱȵģͬҲǷǳѣʹһʼʱҲܲ׿ƺڵ
ȻΪڻ֮ͨȴʮָܷûоƣֻǷĹ̺ѣԽǴĽΣվԽ
һĽҪھʮѹۣ󷽲γǿĽмκһѹḶܴ́߷˵ľ
񽣵ĵһȽֲʮϵĻĥһӾĺѾι̶̳ȣؼеļأֻе˾ӳֵĽɫ֮ʱſʽ񽣡
ľͱѰι࣬ʱվͻоĴĥѾҪӽСɵĵزˣӵʱָʮҪȫֳ˵Ľɫ
ĥһͲ֪Ҫ˽Լ˶ʱ䣬񽣵Ĺߣû˽ʮȫ֮ͨ󣬲ʽſ
ͨһ֮󣬾ͻῪʼһָĽϾҲܷӳһЩ书ͷǳǿټ轣֣ԲǷǳż
ʮָĥϣʼʽϰʮתǽмصĿԼǿķʮֵӳĽǳϬ
ʮת̺ѣôյģʹĿһʼϰʮתʱҲЩʧأҺƾǿĿǿ֧
ǿתʮתǲʹ񽣵ģҶԵ֮ʱ˲Ϣ䣬Ҳʱ۽
ĺһ˫ۡ


416 ˵
񽣵Щ󣬼ʹʮƺͻƣҲû⡣
Ҳ˵񽣵ǿ󣬾ѵʮתӳĽ϶ǷǳǿһѾӹɵˡ
ʹûнȥѾܵ˾ʮת֮ʵ̶ȣټļַʮֵڴ
ϢһŻı۾ٶȵֲľʼʮת
һҹʱܿ͹ȥˣһҹֲʮЩ͵ĸо⻹Ϊľʮֵļ̣һˣѾˡ
ĺôٶԶԶڱˣһҹȣк⣬ٹ죬ͿԳĽս֮ˡ
¥ϴһ׼緹ŮŸհѹֻһ룬ġ
ʲô
˵绰һߴżһʵ
սӵܲǱߴϢˡ
˵
ˣѾʲôʱģ
ֵʵȻǲǵģװİæĿоȻԶʱڿ轣һʵʮǿߡ
˵Ϊ鷳ԲģĻû˵ˣֻ˵Ǽſ˵
Ҳֻ֪֪ܰĶ˵һ顣
У֪ͨǱߣۻصĵַɣ͵
΢΢˼һҶ˵绰緹ȵŮ𴲺󣬴һ緹ȻĿͼŮȥѧУ֮תȥۻء
ʱ򣬷Ѿڿˡ
ˡ
˽̻Щӵ˵
ˣþò
˸к÷Ըһ衣
ιЩ
һڲ裬΢һſ˵
ţ˵ˣʲôֱ˵ɣҲǵһδ򽻵ˣҵΪҲ˽⡣
˵ͷƽĿŷ˵
ΪȻŵùģҲæˡ
΢΢һЦ鷳ƾѾѰĿǰϣѰ
Ѱ
üͷ΢΢һ
ǵģͨһЩԼĹ˾Ҳк֣ܶϣܹĹ˾ȡİ
ֱԲ˵֪Ը񣬴ϲĨǣһֱ⡣
ʲô鷳ĪKing֯Ǳߵģ
̾Ͳµ˾ʱҷ鷳ģһ޷ģ۰ŷ޵֯Ҳûʲô֯ˡ
һļǿߣֻҪǱЩ֯׷ɱȫԶȵĹӣֻЩ֯ƶ׷ɱ£Ż·š
King֯ˣ֪Ǵʲô֪ҵľѾ⿪ˣԴǰʱ俪ʼ½½˶ңЩ˵ͷСһЩľ֧
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ˣԽ绹ĸӦû뵽ڻ߽˽磬ȻҲģĸӦЩ档
˵ͷ˼˵ô˼ǣԸҵĹ˾ͬʱҪΪṩӻֹKing֯˶׷ɱ
Ҿ˼
˸ɴ˵
Ҳ֪King֯ʵͬҲ֪ҵĹ˾³ѣˡֱԣֻԼҹ˾Ϊۣƺһõ沢ҺKing֯Ĵ֯϶档
һôʣһЦ
˵ЩҶףֻһ˵ĻðķպKing֯Ǵʮֵĳ⣬һʶһЩʵĶߣƼһĹ˾
֪ô˵ֱ׳֮ǰõ˵ǡ
Ķߣ
üͷһƺЩȤӡ
˵ƺԾرܵ߷ǳȤս˲ҪǵһЩһЩѡƼѡ
˵˵ͷ
˵İɣ
Цһ¾֪ϢǴ˭ġ
ǵģ֮ǰҵȷ취ȺͶϵˡ
ǰûеʲôͻشʲôΪϵǲǻԸΪṩӻ
ȻܹΪṩӻ֯飬ͬʮֵĻӭļ룬ǲЩûʲôζ֯ʶ֮󣬾Ϊ˸涼ܲ
ǻЩǣѡĹ˾Щͬǿʵ֯
ĻҵԸṩһЩ
˼һ˵ͷڷ˵Ʒûʲô̫ĻɣҶԷĻҲʱԽӻҲ޴顣
̫лˣ
˵¶һ˿Ц⣬֮ǰܷЩûףΪӶõϢĹ˾ǳǿƺҪʲôֵļ롣
˶ַսܱȽϸȤͱܵãһõ˿ɴ洢ϡеƷΪԼһװ
֪飬˶Ʒǳ׵ûκλˣԶ˷ſ˵ǲİʵϰ壬κһ˶Ը׷ġ
Ӷ˻֪ǵɣֻҪѽþУʱȫɵģʲôԣκεĹʡ
ֺôᶨ˷˹ľģһ棬ûһǿ֯ڱ֧ţȷЩߣѾԹֿͷɲһˡ
ˣڿ˵˵ˣKing֯Ҫô
΢΢˰֣ʾⷨ˲ôԺҾͶԼˡ
King֯ǿƵ֯һ˱ˣֻһ³Ǿⲻеڶ·ǾԲŹѵĳԱ
һᵽ飬˶ʱЦ
ôԵû˿Ļ᣿
üͷʱ΢΢
King֯һڲ˺иڱ֯ģҲûа취²·ĻҲᵽ˽ز
΢΢˵ͷ
ô׷ɱЩˣѾ֪ˣ
ʵڷ˵УԵİ취⡣
Ѿ֪ˣڻĵأǵжҲ̫ķһ԰ȫһЩģŷ޵ĻѾΧˡ
˵ͷ˿϶˵


417 ϵ֮
ţĵأҪжȷҪǳСģΪﲻڶ࣬ٷʵͬҲǿ޼ɵĶ֣Ⱥ֮ġ
һûʲôɣ۾ʲô֯˻֮󣬶õ͵£ûκһ֯Ҵҡڵİ飬ʵ֮ǿͱˡ
׷𣿡
˼һ֮ʵ
ţȻʱȷǵȷ˸Ѿ˻ģһҿȷϡ
˿϶˵
ȻĻȺͶͨһ£ϾҲٴκӦûʲô̫⣬öȷһԷȻ취Ҫν⡣
˵ͷ
µļڣٴμ˶һβͬǣѾԷ˱仯Ȼò滹ǺʹǰһʸѾȫͬˣ˶Եø

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˵㶼˽˰ɣ
΢΢һЦʵ
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û˵˵˵׳ĵԴǳӴ󣬵Ķûа취Ѿɹˡ
˵Ĳϵ֮۵ȷҺܾǰͿʼдĳ򣬹Ҳȷ˵Ĳ࣬˿ɴ洢İǿ𲽵ʵϵ֮۵Ĺˡ
˵ͷǰĴĻͻȻͳ˵άͼΣάƵĵ򸽽ٸƶİɫ㣬Ǹҷ̫յͨѶԼ־ǡ
̫շźǿҪǽҵʵ֣˵ʲô£ѵҪڵļװúͷ
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ĵĵͼû̫ͣãķŴճ˶ĵͼڴͬʱڶĵͼϻĺɫ㡣
ЩɫĹ㣬ϵ֮Ѿϵļ豸̶ĺɫǵ·ص豸Щƶĺɫƶ豸ֻ֮Ķ
˵һҪһĿǰλãôҾͿԽ˵Ϣ뵽ϵ֮۵ĳڣ
Ļϳ˼һ˵ò⸱òϵ֮ڵͬʱеĺ㶼ʼ˸΢СĻ
ֻһӲʱ䣬һͻȻŴ˳ͳ˽ֵʵʱػ棬һɫķȦһҴߵͷǶ֮ǰҪҵǸˡ
ͨϵ֮۵ԶԱȺͼ򣬿Կٵҵһ˵λãͨпӵ豸ȫλļأϵ֮۵
һܽԵ˵
ǳõһ򣡡
۾΢΢Ź⣬Ƽıȴǲһ㣬ϵ֮۵ܣһ̶ѾߵʶɨˣֻҪʶǵĵطͿֱӿǱ߷
һ߱׼ȷǳߵʶܣͬʶıһޣһĻԺҪʲôͱøӵķˡ
ϵ֮ۻûбĹܣ
Ȥļʵڴϵܸ֮ľϲ
ȻֻĹܣѰضԱλãн׵ĸ߼ܣη˵ǳá
˵ͷȻһʮƽģǴ۾ﲻѿԼҲǷǳ˷ܵģֻһʱϰԸı䣬ͬһ㳲ģˡ
ʲôܣ
Ȥ˴ʱҲǷǳȤġ
ƼͬСĳѱ֯ûͬľӢܹزЩǲȷ顣
ΪĿ꣬ôͨ߶̬ȷжעˣע˶೤ʱ䣬ǸǶȿģȵһϸϢԲ׽
ʾĻУ·ߵһ˱ȷĺɫǣͬʱܱ߶ʱ˺ܶߣЩߴ˵ͷֻ˿Ǹ˵ʱ߲Ż֡
˲ϵƶߵλҲڲͣı仯һ⸱棬ַӾͷĿѣĸо˶ͨˣȻǲġ
ͨԶ׽ռ֪ЩڰעĿ꣬ͬʱעĹ̽зʱֻҪ÷û³ȥ䣬Ϳ֪ûڸˡ
ʾ֮󣬶ͷ˵
ôϵ֮ûʲôȱأ
ϵ֮۹ܵǿкǸˣһǿĳҲȱݵģϾûĶ˻Ķ
̫ȱݵ̸ϣֻеܴ߶ĻӦٶȻǳĿ죬ֻͨӦ˵ǵܣôӦٶȻһЩ뿪ԽԶӦٶԽ
ͷ˵
ǵãʲôǳصȱݡ
Ȼĵ˵ͷȱݵǲܽܣҶ˿ɴ洢壬ԺҲþۻصļڣǿԵɵƶӳĻ
ڿжһû˸𣿡
ϵ֮ǿ÷ҲһˣߵʵԽǿҲζԽȫ
ȻԣΪǴӼص¼ȥжϣпܲµĶѣûʲô⡣
˵ͷǰĻϵĻͻȻһ䣬ٶȻص˶еͼģһС鷽λȦǷĵط
Ȧ˵ص֮󣬻߿ʼСʼЩ豸ӵе¼غ֮󣬶ͨϵ֮ǰĹܣʼеļ¼ϸµķ
ÿһػϵķ˶ȦԵĺɫȦȦܱزͣƶЩߴΧĿ⡣
߶ڷ˵һţû̫ͣʱ䣬ֻǶ϶ӵ˷˵ϣÿһʱ䶼ϡ
˵ߵעŷˣ˵ĴҴһƳŷǳԵ
ĸ
ŻϵļƵ𽥵ʧŷ˵ԱҲһһ¶Щ˶ܱߵͷ׽˻棬Ҳû뵽ȻⱾ£Եȫûһķ֮ġ
Щ㶼ʶ𣿡
żƵع˵ӰתͷվһԵķˡ


418 Ƹ
ܷܲŴһ㣿
ǴӸƶͷ͵·ϽȡͼƬԻ沢ǺЩƵеķ˾붼ȽԶòЩģ
Կ
˵ͷϳֵļȫٴ˸ֲͬǶȵļػڿٵлͼҳһЩȽƬ
һ֮󣬻ϳŲͬǶȵƬֱɸѡͼ񣬶רŽͼƬһ£ʹÿӵ沿ļǿˡ
ֻһʶǴҵĸˣп³ģһ֣ȻֻǱϵݣʵҲһߣʹõľһϸ
ϸĿһָĻһ˵˵ʵǿҺȻûʲôĴȴΣʹKing֯УҲһɶõĸ֡
Ȼɳĸ֣King֯㻹ͦӵġ
΢΢һЦԷɳָ֣ûʲôɫ׷ɱһ˶ǲȥô粻Ҫȥ׷ɱֻǸԷͷѡ
ĻûнӻֻЦЦȴһ˿ǡ
ΪʽĹ˾һԱ̫鷳ʵȴˣKing֯ɳ˸ֶ׷ɱп³ǿʵսɡ
ռ빫˾͸˾޴ʧôʱߣԼҲûˣԶͻʰˡ
ȻûʲôԵɫǺεȵ˾ֻǿ˵۾֪϶ܲƽΪʲôȻǴġ
õģоϻˮڣȻԷɳǿĸ֣ôȻҲͬǿԸǣȻ㣬Ȼ鷳һġ
ķ˵ļһЦ
лл
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Ƿ˲֪ǣͺKing֯ô·ӣԷ粩ϵжǱһƻģ֯϶棬Ա˿ص⣬ﲢʲô⡣
лԺҾԼˣôʲô
ҡͷһЦϸĿ˻еˣʼ˼ҪôԸЩˡ
ˣһ£³ģKing֯ǳķӣִʱ򣬸Χɱ֮ȫˣÿζһ㡣
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ȻKing֯Ϊʲô
ֵĿ˷һۡ
ΪʲôȻΪ³ĵʵǿ󣬶ǻģŷޣԾٴĶƻKing֯Ҳġ
εһЦ
ȻĻڶԸǣһһУǻɺܴӰģ˿̫ܼˣ취С
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ҲͬĹ۵㣬һ֮۾ͻȻһҵһİ취
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΢΢һЦҴȥǸˣؿ³һҲȥģϾǵĿңʱǾ鷳˳ȥǸ˵
һ˫񣡲İ취֪Ǹ˵ľϢʲôʲôط
һʱ÷ȷȿ԰ѿ³һ붫ֿȥ˳㿴ǸƳߡ
ԽϵһСϣλʮֵƫƧ³ĸٴĶҲ֪ġ
˵˵ͷǵҪһʱԶԸǣôԶ붫ǿɾ˱ľأһ㲻ɲ
ģǲװԼġ
¶һĵЦݣһȥɡ
У
ͷ˵ȥʱҪ׼һЩ豸ȻλƫƧҲҵܴܵƣҪһЩ豸ȥһ¡
û⣬ҪʲôֱӺ˵ˣȥ׼ãǾͳ
Ц˵ֵ⣬žͺˣʱһ·һǰúǻ;Ϳˡ
һоͰˣ
˵ͷ¶һ˿мɫ
ڶ磬ʮӵʱ۱ǰϣ˶ɫĴ⣬ͷ˶ֻһСǼ׻ϴ·⣬ûĶˡ
еķɻӵʱ˾ѾվԽϺеϡ
ֻʶ·ˣҪΪǴ·ˡ
һīЦ˵
û⣬Ǹһǵôȥ߾ˡ
˻һ̵ĳȥɳ̲һ㣬ͷϴһñЩײĸо
ںڻվƱʮӺѾ˻ϡ
С֪Ѿˣ˵ǴӶս֮Ϳʼˣ˴ӷåɫɫڰеһȫС򡣡
һ߿;ķ羰һߴ½һǸС
С𣿡
ܸȤʵȫںڰеȻ֪ٵģڵϣǵһ˵
ǰеģƸڶս֮ǰԷ羰ƣǶսʱڻȫݻˣȫһƬͱˣȻҲˡ
˵˵ͷ
ڷ˵겻ӣͽ΢͵ԷǰƸϢͼƬͼƬʾСǰķ羰ǷǳƯ
ǽͼƬͲһˣݲƲϻдʧȥ壬µĶѻԶԼɼһЩžľˡ
˵Ĳȷս羰С
𳵣ֱӵƸ򣬶ǵһƸȽϽĳվǸվȥƸҪһСʱʱ䡣
ԴƸǵļʧ֮ΧҲ𽥵İʱţҲ𽥵Ļûʲô˻ȥ
죬ܿ𳵾ĿվͣŰ˳࿪СֵԽ˿˹ָֻŵѯǷҪ
ЩǴ֪Ƹλã֪ҲȥȥһԼȥȽϺá
˻ЩˣתͷһЦ˳һ˹ȥﲻԶһ⳵С


419 Ů
ĺϰ˼۸һԽҰȻ֪ʲôƳǿܻԣڵ·ϣҲܹٵǰ
ȥһƸҲأ
ڸʻϣֽץűϵķ֣ǿıʹô·ϣҲܹɵסΣƨɸû뿪λһǳƽȵĸо
ǰ˷ɻȻǻ𳵣ԼмתˣţǸ߾Բʧģһһ
ںϣЦ˵
ûʲôϵֻҪܰһѾûˡ
ҲЦղڻѾ۹εļƻҪ׷ɱ˵Щ׷ͬʱҲҪ÷˸Щһȥ
ȻȻҪһַѾļ󣬷King֯ʵ˵һˣ½½˹ѰҷˣַһݵĽ⡣
һоİš
˵ûʲô飬˵ͷɴ˵
ƻûʲô⣬Ҫݣ㲻֪ܲܽܣ
תͷŷʵ
ȫû⣬Ҳ˵ֻƤҶѣڵҪģҾ˵е
ʼ磬Ĭһѡ
ƸѾĵطͬҲͱԽϹٷˣٷȫǲܲʵ״̬ųӷá
ҡƸʵдա
һߴԼһҵŮͷȻܳµǰסҲʲôֻĬĬվһСӻǰ棬ָָ̨ϵһƿ׾ơ
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漸׳ڴƣҲǸŮһһӣһK˵
Ůû˵ĬĬĴӿڴͳһСɫһĶķǻҳĹ̨ϡ
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󺺲һǿɫĶҡҡͷ󣬴Ӻļһƿͬǻҳİ׾ƣĶǸŮŮЩæĽסƿ׾ƣСıڻת뿪Ǽӻꡣ
ңȻϽһƿپƣţ
һѼñϢվڶݶϣ淢һĻʱҡҡͷмĿһӻƵļ󺺣һ˿Ĺâ
΢΢̧ͷ䣬¶һʮϤòȻǰոձΣƷɣ֪ʲôʱѾһѾʧڵͼϵƸ
ʱСĳڴһԽҰԶĽӽС˿ŵ
ʻԽҰĶͻȻ֣һǸɫĻһϢʾڻϡ
ѾյƷɵϢǵˡ
һ֮󣬶˵
ţҲõĲˣǾ׼ɣ
ȻһЦǰưܲС¶һ˿ζɫ
Żմ˻ҳľƿŮٵ˳һС·ܽ·ͷһ䵽ǿƷСתѾûĴţٻͷʱǰһĻȴˣľƿҲһ˵ϡ
һƾ·꺺ӣʱѾѪУĿſڵλãȻѾȥһѾûϢʮֽ׳ӣЦվʬıϡ
ͬʱתͷѾŵŮ
ٺ٣û뵽ȻŮˣ
һЫӵˣʱЦ
û뵽ȻС˵㣬˵㣬ҲպˣܱȥҪðɣ
һˣͬЦ¶һڶĵĴ
ϻϣ
ЫƫͷЦʵ
ʲôȺһϰɣ
һЦͿ絽Ůߣ˫ץסŮĸ첲ֱӽŮ̫ˣʺĵطҲʹպϴպˣ
Ů֨һУЦž׼¥ȥŮµԴͷУͻȻһ˿Ө˳ŷ˿ǻҳĵϽһСŻ
͸ҲͷԿ˿һ˫ɵ۾ʱ۾ǸɵѪе꺺ӣ¶һĨԵİˡ
ʱӵĴͻȻһը죬ͬϵǽڣһɾֱײƬӰͬʱ˽ǴԲʷŷˣһһŷˡ
˻ŶԷͻȻŲһ˱мڸ첲Ů
ˣ˵ľŮ
һǸŮתͷһЦһԵķˡ
ֻû뵽ôһ
ȷһ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ûأôһŮȻԸıʣҪƷɸҿһСɫϽһǲš
̾һ
ƸСȻԭƯǲԽϵĹҵֻǻƯһЩѣԸûʲôصʱ̵ʱʮ׵ľͱݻˡ
֪ʲôʱʼѾӷļӪ洦ɼһ¡СˣµķĹ
ȫûκεеֻǺε淨û㹻ʵȴ绹ҪΣգΪʱпܱǿ°ߣһõ塣
˽С֮̾һЩ˵ע⣬Ϊ˽⼸һ˸֮٣˵ôûм
СϣҸطͣƷɾ͹˻ˣղ俴Ǹһ˵һԵķͻȻһ
˵ǸŮͳһϽӻ껻һƿپƣ
˿Ʒɣֵʵ
ղҵȷǷ˰ɣҽƷɣܸʶ㣡
Ʒɵ˵ͷЦ֣ͷ֡
ҾǷˣԺգ
Ц˵˵ղƷɼǸŮҪܸߣʲôѾû֪ˣֻ֪֯°߹֪ô˳֪ûм
ô֪ģ
ʵ
ΪŷʱһΣӵԽҲҰģԲŻ֪һϢ⣬ûж֪Ϣˡ
ʼ
ߣȥǼӻꡣ
˵ͷתͷƷɵ
˸Ʒɵ󣬺ܿ͵˸ղŮپƵǼƾɵӻꡣ
Ҫʲô첻Ǯֻöʲô
ǸƵĴ󺺣һۣһ˿⡣


420 ѯ
ǸǿĴ󺺣ҡҡͷЦ
ղǲһŮһɫĶ㻻һƿپƣ
ֱ⣬ȫû˼Щ˷ʲôʱ䡣
ʲôˣ
ĻǼƵĴ󺺣̷е˿ˣȫվƵĿ·ֻҪһ仰ԣǾͻ
ֻһ·ˣҪشҵ⣬ҲõֶΣӦòôɣ
һЦǸ̵Ĵ˵
СӣҲҰĵطΪ˼ڣ͸ޣ
һµ˿еŵ̵٣󺺴ӵһѩĿ̱Ѫ
ףѪ񣬾ǿװģѪȳ̶еԲһô򵥡
ڴ󺺳׼ʱһԵķͻȻֶһӣһĲ̲һ룬еǱѾмĶΪء
Ϊһߣڿϵǳ֮ߣװļӳ֣ԶʱĿ轣ɼܿѾĵزˡ
һУζʮֵԣղžͲ˿֮ϣֱĨ󺺵Ĳˡ
ǿԺú˵𣿡
·ûпһЦżʵ
֪ʲô
һ󺺲һ¿˵֪ǰһȺǲĺݽɫһϲãпܾͻɥ
Ҹղʵ⣬Ҳʵڶ飬㲻֪Ļֻȥ֪ˡ
΢΢˵ͷ
𣡱֪֪ĺ
һæ˵˼ҪȥұʵĻѾûκεüֵƸϣûмֵ˳⣬еڶ·ߡ
ôͿ˵ɣҵأ
Цʱչһһǳ飬ٿȥ˺ܶ鷳
ղŵȷһŮһСɫĶһƿپơ
ͷ˵˵ͬʱͣ͵͵ŷˣ·˵ٴλӶȻͷ­ôּˡ
ǿɫĶأ
ֱʵ

æ˹һС룬ó˲ӣŽĶһԶ˳ɫĶǻҳĲ档
ôࣿ
ɻһ飬תͷƷʵ
Ҳ֪ղžͿǸŮóһ顣
ƷҡҡͷҲ֪ôһ¡
֪ǸŮÿͻóһɫĶʱǵָǣʱǻָ˻Ǯ
ǸŵùǺĴ󺺣Żش
ΪʲôҪô
еĺɫĶֶǳͬҲ㹻ǿö֮ɫĶǻԭ͡
Ϊչļ۸񻹲֪ǸŮûǮʱҲͬúɫȥ͵ǮˣҲô⡣
ͷ˵
ļپƶǮһƿ
ĺɫһۼǻҳĸ־ƣʵ
һٿһƿ
ɻĿһСĻشȻ֪ΪʲôͻȻôʡ
ɫǰʲô۸չģ
ʵ

һ˿ĳɡ
ͼƭңҷ˵ٻ׵ģղǱ³
ŪеĺɫͷҲ̧˵
ðɣ˵ÿչʱ򣬶һչģǰʱ˵ˣԸǵļ۸ǵһ顣
ô˵ĻһɫͿԾ׬壬ǲǣ
̧ͷһЦ
ġ
Щ㷲֪Ϊʲôôʡ
ֻЩ˰ɣ
ʵ
ǵģеĶˡ
ͷص
ãЩҾˣǮͲø˰ɣ˼ôǮֻЩֱ̫ˡ
ǸӣŽԼĿڴǸ󺺣ɫʱһʵ
û⣡û⣡Ҫϲȥǣ
󺺸Ͻͣİ֣һŵ顣
õģҲ鷳ģֻҪҾͺãڿԸңǸŮס𣿡
һЦʵ
·ľͷһƾɵӣŮסһҲסǱߣǸеḻ́ˣѾܾûмˡ
ߵ⣬æָ·ͷһ˵
ǾͶлϰˣûʲôˣ
һԶǶӣŴЦһ¡
ᣬ֪ѾûʲôˣϽһкͽӻų뿪ӻ꣬ǼһƵĴȻҲǸһ뿪ˡ
ڴǰŸߣͻȻһ䡣

һŶֱ˽׿⣬һӵĺ棬Ʒɺͷ˾ͱһ£ͬʱӻǰ˻վıϡ
˸ովȵʱһöβðĻȹâֱӾôײǼӻϣһ޴ıըųĻͻҳӻôֱӴݻˡ
ӻ걻ըٵǼ뿪Ĵ󺺣ǵû³鿴Ӵţһ̵뿪Ƿ֮ʲô³鿴ôһˡ
ʲô
ƷɿȼĴɻʵ
׷ɱ˵Ѿˣ㱣ȥܱ߰װЩ豸ҺͷȥЩˣ
˸ƣƷ˾дӵĺĳˣѾִеһԷľ磬ҪظҪΪʲôֻ֪ľûдˡ
ЩĻ죬ǲŽСûãǾȻôֱӹɱ̵ֻĵطԷȻҲûʲô˼ˣֱӾͶ˷̹˻
䡣
Ҳû뵽ǻô죬Ǹô죿
ɫصĶŶȼյĻ棬һ˼ı顣
ʲôأˮڣȰ
һ·˵ļһѾԭʧˣĻͬһ˿ЦݣҲʧԭأ뿪ˡ
ȵٶʱѾһˣôֿտյվ
һ֣ôֻϢѵΪ˾Ϳ԰𣿡
ǹһĨȣЦ˵
ˣ˵˭⿪ľ磬ǿһ
ԲʷӰͻȻӱϵݶԾ˳·ķ˵
ٺ٣пܸ𣿡
˼ЦһмĿݶϵӰ˵


421 
ԲʷǳĮɱ֣˷˵Ļȴǳϵûʲôɫƺ˵ĻشԤ֮һ
ˣΪһˣ֯ǵľ𣿡
һɱ֣ƽĿŷʵһ˿̣۾·һֱ˶ϣЩӡ
Ҳ֯дܳʱ䣬֯Ǻģǣ޴ӣǶڻҲûãһҵ㣡
һɱҲ˵۾ʮֹĵɫ
ҼȻѾ뿪King֯Ȼ˺ڲ˵ЩǲЩ̫ˣ
˵һЦںɱֵвȻߵһȻʱʲôЦķھٶǽƵԶͬҲٻصKing֯ôɵľٶ
ٶ࿼һ𣿡
ɱŤһԴһյ죬һصǹƺɳĮ֮ӥװһ۾ҲŽŵĳ˳
ٺ٣ҲûҿǵĻɣ̬ˣȻѾ׷˵Щķϻ̫Ц𣿡
ŤŤ󣬡ƾˣаնԸĸأһ𽻳ɣʡ˷ҵʱ䡣
Ը㣬㹻ˣһֻԴ˷Ѷѡ
һ֣һ˿ΣյĹâ˿ĶһǹôͻȻ
ȻеĸװɳĮ֮ӥɴָ棬ҲûκοǹԤףǷȴͻȻ䣬Ȼ䷢֮ĹâǰĿģŤ
һ˲䣬ǰһģĿͻȻһöɫͷöͷһ־ԼתķʽǰͻգۼѾſǰ֮ľ롣
ۿҪ͸ŵʱ򣬷˿зһͺȣԭֻģĿͻȻ͸״̬öɫĵͷ͹˿С
Ƿ˲ǿֱӽһſʵʻˣһ̬ӲöͷĶ˿
ȵöͷҲ΢΢˿һɣľᵽߵ㣬ԷȻйŹֵģȻϢͷһöӵ
ܷûпӵǴӵĸλģԿ϶ǰĹǰǹѾϸˣղŸûжá
˵ϻĵطԿٵķӵ֮ߣȻƭּĸ֣ⲻɵ÷˳һ󱳵亹
ʱ򣬶Էõǹе˿ɲΪûʲôвȻԷרΪ׷ɱôϱŵ϶Զ˺ֻ˺̶ȵĴСͬˡ
ղŵһӵڻͣڷ˶ͷǰ幫ֵĵطһֱӽͷˣȻͽ׵ļߣûаտԼԴȥӵСǹҲС
˼ȻԴӽϷӵĪЬӸװ𣿡
ʱһӰȰĸ˵еֱӰֵʱ򣬵лûʲôӦӰȻǸղŶһԵ
εطղŰѵ͵ϮĹȫһöӵǴӵҽŵĽֺͷģһ˲䣬ֺǰֱѿһСڣӵ˳ȥ
ȻԷѾ޳ܵ͵ϮˣȻɵɵķʲôʿֱӱϿٵƶ˳׼͵ϮһǸ˵֮֮
һƿҪǸϵʱվһԵĺ۾ͻأתͷеĽһȻһƿĴ󽣣͵˳ŵеĺ󱳾ȥ
ִҪһڵеĺϣô۾һͻֱӽзֺ
־ȷԼߵĹһ˿죬ѽǣǸдͷβûлعͷ·ǳűǸ۾һֱӽ
ٺ٣͵Ϯ𣿿ϧʧأجΣڲŸոտʼ
ʱֶˣ۾ЦһеĺͻȻ΢˸¡
һ΢ЦһĻʱ֪ԷʲôͼԷʲôڶûиֻܲԷڵЩŹ֣Ŀǰκһ
جΣٺ٣˭˭جΣ˵˻Ϊʱ硣
һЦͷĺˮһ΢ķ紵˿۽ǵ⴦ѾƷɻ˳óνͺ۾Χ
ˣҲη壡
۾͵ͬʱתͷһͬ˵δ䣬ǾŤͬķ˹ȥصǣǶûѡֱȹƷɺͷˡ
˺Ʒͬʱȫֵʵǿǲ˿СοղǸĿʹýϵй˷ʤ
ǻûн֮ǰȴֳ轣ͬʱѾֱ׷Ǹղʹôĺ۾
˺󱳵λãû˿ԥϾԷĸ˲֪ʲôطͺ۾ӣЯ˷̹˻Ǿ˵ڱĵطĿ
ʱսԲӣһԷѰҵôͻɷǳıˣ뵽ʱԥֱӳ轣׼ŶԷɢʱȽˡ
΢ļζ䣬۾ϵ·Ѿѿ˺üطĽƷǳ켣ҽһ㲻ĥ۾·ߡ
۾ĺһƺʲôɫĶڿٵĻͫףٶ̫ˣ쵽ûüʲô
СģйŹ֣еĽƺ޷һ
۾΢΢һѾһߵĶС
յм䣬轣ļñס˺۾Ĵ󽣣ұ͵һק֮󣬽۾ؿڶ©˳һž͵˺۾ǰ
̺ǿһţֱӽ۾ߵշ𣬵ײ·߲Զһõķڡ
ɺ۾ͬʱƷɺͷѾֶǸƷսԶ˲Ӧò˵˶ǲɶս֡
Ȼ˴ûϹֻһϼ䣬ǾѾ˶ص㣬ͽֵص㷢ӵ쾡£֮£ȻֻĹͬ˵
Ʒɱ쳣ֱִۣһ˵ֱۣһֻ漴ϣ޷νӵĺ˵ĸҲɴ׷ź۾·ײ·ߵǶõķ


422 
һ׷ȥ˽ƷҲתϷ˵ĲǽŲոһͻȻ˶
ַ쳣Ҫ֧Ԯ
ǷǳǿҪսʵĻҲǱͨѣκս͵ĸ֣Ǳ˵Ķ֣һжϱиָ档
һ㲻ö˵ҲȥģղŶҵһεĵطڵ԰װһϵе豸Ʒǳû˳ûʲôҪæĵطͷ˶ŵʱ
ڶǱҪæƷȻѡģϾʵǿͬеķҲһӵжɱս
һƷŤתΣ漴ļ䣬Ѿʧ·߸ʵӲݺ棬ֻǶӲĻζ˼£ûϢ
ͷһǰһĽǶõķݣû뵽Ȼڡ
ĿһδŮŮò·Ѿ֪ʲô飬ͷ˵϶ûʲô飬ֵطʵˡ
ǿʳֳַڰһ档
˭
Ǹ׳ͻȻװǽֵĸˣʱɻʵҲҶĸûһǺǵĽɫ
ʱŸոϳⶰӣǷ֮ǰ˵·ͷķӣҲסǸԸıʵߵСݣԱЩǰᣬǸСŮҲͺ֮ˡ
ͷ˻ûö˵ʲôֱ̧־һǹװɳĮ֮ӥѾӵڵˣıһڣ
ǿֱӽһǹɣһȭͷѪûзӦôֱŷ˳ȥײǽ֮صһ˻˫ϥһֱӹ˵ϡ
ֱʱƺЩŵӣֽŸĴ󶴣ƺֹѪҺôţѪҪǮƵӿ
ЫҲǰһоˣǸûԷȻһԲôֱӿսֱǳǵ˼άޡ
һЩطҶ˵ϼ䣬̽̽ڷ绹Էĵף֮ǶǲһԲֱӿսģһǵʲôǲǵʱɾͿ޶ˡ
ԷȻûⷽĹǣһǹлЫУͷβûۿһۣ˵ǰͷ˲ĵˡ
ٺ٣ƷòˣǾ͸ɴһһ˰ɣǸǹĵͽˣһʹ󽣵ĺ۾һսͲǾͽˡ
бۿһ¹ڵϣһѪУͺĻعͷûʲô˵뷨ֵطֵˣʲôö
ǵˣӦǣ
˵ûϵĺ۾Ѿ߸ߵԾеĴ󽣶ʱһǿѹ˵ͷƮһͷǳǿ
ûǵĻĶң
һֱӵ˷˵ǰǿ͸ֱӽǱ˿漴轣һãֱӲ˺۾ǰ
ϵˣ۾ؿھȻûκεѪ󽣻սһģ̽轣ײ˳ηɿ˻ص˵ߡ
壬Ȼࣿ
Щ죬ջ轣һ˿⡣
˻ȥĺ۾ʱѾ޷˵ˣ̫͹轣ǰĵطرıʩ޷赲ޱȵ轣ղһȥѾƻؿҪĵ·
ֻ۾һ˸Ĺâ漴âͽȥԭܶ壬ʱҲʧȥ˶ôվڵһ
㾹Ȼƻ壿
͸һ˿Ϻ
ôѵһƻĪǻཻѲɣ
Цһֱ۾˲һֱӵ˵Ҳ࣬ڵûзӦʱ轣һӶǹұѾӦ䡣
ٶȹȻǳ죬ҲǿҶ÷棬ƺѰ֮ŷǳ𡣡
һߵֵһֵĿ˵
ڸղſϵֱ۵ʱ򣬾Ѿ˶ԷˣǸ۾һĳĻе塣
ǵоڳɹˣKing֯ļƻѾҪʼʵʩ𣿡
ϸĴһͻȻ˵
ʱѾ֫ȫжûа취ƶĵֻ˹һڵϣ֫ͣ˿˿ɫ⣬滹¶ʮ־ϸĵ·ϵͳ
ƻʲôƻ
ֻص˷˵ߣɻŷʵ
ûмЩ˻ڿĽ׶Σǰĵͺ۾һӵеͬǻۣһ幹˸ӾɣѾ߸Ի˵⡣
King֯Ͷ˴з壬;ǳĹ㷺õ;ǴսԱִиˡ
۾ϸĿڵϵĵǰҾ˵King֯ƻǸʱ˵ڿ׶Σû뵽ھȻѾɹˣҿӣӦѾʵõĽ׶Ρ
King֯ʵôǿȻܹзܻˣ
ЩɵĿŵվһĺ۾ʵĻǾ˵King֯ĿƼʵٱʮϣһоɹҲȲǡ
ⲢܻˣڲݵģǱֻ߱򵥵ִղź˵ʱڿƣϵͳ
ҡҡͷʹKing֯ս˷оҲѾǰУƾΩΩФĻԼǿսǵʵѾøӵĿˡ
ǼȻѾ㣬ΪʲôҪֻԸ㣿ֱĸһϲͺ𣿡
Щѽ⣬֪King֯ĺ«﾿ʲôҩ
King֯Ȼǲôĵģô϶ǵĺ壬Ŀǰֻܲ³һҪʵʲԼʵսڶǲռݵ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ռݣʲôã
ֵʵKing֯ǻࡣ
ţռֵݣֲͨԷʽǿս׼ȷĲ׽ֵݺ͸ּܣȻݴͻȥ󷽵оԱԱȽ׼ȷԤֵʵ
˵˵ͷǰһܣڿǵȷôˡ


423 Ů
֪ĹȻ٣ϧǵĸѾ˳ȥֹˣ͵King֯һһĹɣ
Ц
սݣǺǣҴЩսʤʵ̫ˣƾٶȺЩݣһʵ
ҡҡͷKing֯ΪʮֱӵģKing֯еҲǺѣȻͼַͨʽ׽ֵʵֱЦ󷽡
˵ĲֻǶڵһĸֶԣھûôߵ˵ٶȡЩԣһ˵ʵžԵӰ졣
һЦʵǿȻ۽ҲߣûֱӷĻת˵ڵײ߷ĻKing֯ռǱȽϿ׵ġ
ôһ˵ĻҲеһһˡ
Ҳ÷˵ıȽеԵЩ⣬King֯оĳɾҲǲɷϵġ
ȻԷռǵݣҲټעȥˡ
һ£˵һ͵˵ߣе轣ֱֱĲؿ֮УһĽֱӽؿĵ·һݺ
۾ȥʧȥؿںĵĹӦϵͳ̾ͱرˡ
ÿĶղһµĹֵȻԶԶĳǰռݣ˵ĹȻ٣ڸ˵ռݵЩ㡣
ԶһСɽ棬һªɽĸˣ֮ǰ¼￴ĸٷ˵ĸˣʱ˵ͷһֵͷЩ˵Ĵǡ
Ǹ˲һĸ֣ǶʧˣǷľݣʵǿԱӻ˵ĳ̶ȣôأ
һͷһЦп٣ǱǸͷĿĸ磬ֵ˾ǲݵͺ۾ˡ
һ˵ʵȷǲü򵥵жϣһ֮ǰڲʱǾѾȷˣͬҲܲҵʵֻû뵽Ȼһĸ֡
ɽһӰĵͳﴫ˳Ŷһ˿΢ĹߣԿǸʵǷᵽǸֿ³ġ
³Ǹôǿ𣿡
ͿͬʱתͷӰǸˡ
սȻ޷ȷĲԳǸʵԤУʵһǳǿٲ֮£ǿʲô̶ȣǾҪ֪֮ˡ
³˵ͷ˵Ϳһ˵Ҳ֪ȤתͷһС
˵ͺ۾ͷпտһԵ󺺺Ů
ʱЫѾŮ׵һߣеıϣͣ취ͼǸС
ģڣɲܾô˰
Ыһ취Σһ߲ͣһصЩڻһ㻹ûأҸһĵط֪ҲҰ
ȣ
Ȼ˵ǸһʱҲ˵ټЫвͣҡҪ˵ϼѡ
ôҡȥֻӣʱ֪飬͸û֪ˡ
ЦĮĿЫУֲֻͼˣƽʹ޵֮һ
Ϊǣǣô
ЫѾʧȥǣȻ˿
ٺ٣Ǵʱ򣬻ЩӬͷСֱǲ֪ν
ҡҡͷ󺺶ʱûȤתͷһԵǸŮ
Ыжһ֮ŮվĬĬߵ֮ǰڵϵǸ꺺ӵߣĶӣСĨ꺺ӵգԭ˫۶ʱ
ȥ˭
ŮѰľٶɵҲܲµŮĹϵһˣ֪Ǹ˭һԵķˡ
Ҳֻ֪⸽Ҳ˰ɣ⣬Ҳ벻ʲôĽˡ
Ҳֻҡҡͷ
ЩʲôʱŮͻȻߵ֮ǰŵĵطͷҪʲôʱŮӣ֮ǰնϵֻ֡
ֻһֱŵĸװɳĮ֮ӥʱѾŮȻɳĮ֮ӥǳأŮϾǸߣ忴쳣СĸҲǲСġ
ֻŮ˫־ǰɳĮ֮ӥĶŶڵϲͣҡеǸЫУݵĳĬ֮ȻȻĿ۶˰ǹڻһЫжŵͻȻǰһͷȥ˵һײǽ֮ϡ
ŮһǹЫеĺ󱳣ļλÿһ޴ĿԼ˿ڴ¶İɫļ׵еˣ˵ЫˣҪҲʮֵѡ
㣡
ײǽϺЫе˵ϣͷһԣŵĿŮķ򣬼׵ܵش֧ŵʱ仹̣ܿ
Ƣͦģ𣿡
תͷһۣЦ˵
ţֵط棬ѧᱣԼֻΪ˵ҲǱΡ
̾˿ҡҡͷŲһǰһʵСʲô֣
֪ŮĻеǹһתֱӶ׼Դ׵ľͿ۶еİһʱٴ
Ҫ
˾һû뵽ŮȻɷ˵ľͶ˹װɳĮ֮ӥʮǿ󣬾ôڣҲǺѶȥġ
ûʲôŵɫܵĶûУֻͷһƫôܿһӵ
ȻٶȲܱӵ죬ôľڣûпܶ㿪һͻȻϮӵĶŮҪ죬ֻǿŮеĶѾǰһܿǿӵķ
оŻ֮ĲУ֮ĲޣĺܺãİˣǧҪţĶİ˿ǹҲǲԵΪķѾˡ
̤ǰһŮΪʾǳ⣬ֻڱܵĺ֮ķӦѡ
һ֮䣬Ůһǹ˳ͬͷ­һƫͽǿӵ˿ûлʲôҲû˷ʲôʹһǹŮӳҲʮ޵ġ
Ҫȥ˺һˣڵ뱣ԼĻҽĻ
վԭأûټǰˣôվƽĿŮ


424 ܻ
ŮĻȻûмǹǶ׼ǹȴǲûзһͷҲĳס沿˭Ҳ񾿾ʲô˼Ҳ޴Ӳ²뷨
㻹ǵҰɣ
ʱ򣬷󣬻ƶһŮԼòʵҲ̫´̼Ůٴνʧص״̬
Ůͷ΢΢ƫ˷˵ķƺϸĴһ㣬ð֮ĵ˵ͷְͷתķȷˣвΪղչֳʵҪǿڷˡ
ʶҾͺãӦ֪Ҷûжģطʺ棬ΧӵҲˣȥпܳŲã߰ɣǺˣҿ㱣֤
һϿҵ˵
ǣΪʲôҪң
һεĳĬ֮Ů˵ˣܾû˵һ˵϶ģһĵģܹ˼Ҳ޷
һ㣬ûʲôҪģ˺˵ܿԸıʣǷǳõܣҲ֮ǰûʶܵļֵڿԸ㣬ܵļֵ޿ɹ
˵ͷһЦ˵ĺֱӺܸɴ࣬ûһĨǵ˼Ů־ļǿ˽㲻ƭֺҲ޷ˡ
֪ӵУǣЩһΪˣҲǣ
Ů϶˵΢΢ҡҡͷǹֱָͷȫû
磬˲ܸõȥ˱ҵҲǴƼңȥÿһˣֻѡЩֵðˣһҲһ
ֱŮеĹâǳ峺˿սթóΪõˣŻбԸ㣬ûκεô˭ֻأ
ãûк³
ŮƺЩǳļɵô˵ǲܽܡ
㿴ˣһһ֯꣬Դﱻ˲˾磬Ϊ˾磬ҲѾػɣԸҵߡ
֮֮֮ԸңΪҲֻΪͬʱҲṩĶȫɣܸõĶ
ǵģԲǰЩһģһԷģҸΪĿڱȷǷǳĲԸҵ˸ģûа١
Ҳһ˵
Ļ𣿿𣿸еǵȣԸֳϦĵط𣿡
˵ǲҪȥսҪȥʲôֻҪԼķӳ˶ѣûκĻģԸ뿪ҿ԰ʵκ롣
Ůû˵ˣôվ˭Ҳ֪ʲôеǹȴԽԽˣȫ࣬ƺǽ˵
ǣҵûǰˡ
Ůֶ϶˵
ʲô˼
ɻĿһ۷ˣ飬ʷרҵ߱ȽϺá
Ҵ֪ʲôԭ򡣡
˶˵ͷתͷŮʵǲǰǸѾˣ
ǡ
Ůɴĵͷ˵
ˣҿԿһ𣿡
˼ʵ
ԡ
Ů򵥵˵󽫼򴦵·һ㿪¶ǴһɫUͷһĶļǶڣֻĲ¶棬ÿϡ
ʲô
ʵûпȥŮոնһ䱸ʱʲô춯ĻܻܿŮķУǰŬһ
һֿԷ󲿷豸֮ǰŷޱȽϵձ飬ҪӦUԿײſԽûԿ׵Ļǿó豸˻Ҷ
˽һ
ΪʲôҪһ棬ӦԱŸеʱǿȣҲΣˡ
Щɻʵ
һ棬ڵԽԽã̫ǿױ¶λãרŵ豸ҾǵٱЩĵץȥԲŸ豸
ҡҡͷ
ԭǶӦĽUԿأ
ʵֻҪԿף豸ͿˣŮͿ׵ػָԭǿȡ
Կףˣ֪ġ
η˻û˵Ů˵˳
¿ɾѰˣҽԿһ𽻸ˣΪ豸Կ׵²װȥǲʹõġ
¶һ˿ɫôСһԿףҲ֪ô죬˵ȥ˺ü꣬ŮҲԼȥʲôطκһпܵġ
취
ĵ˵ͷ¶һ˿˼ɫһ㿴ܲҵԿף㿴û⣿
Ƕŷ˵ǶǸŮ˵
ģǵѣ
ŮһЩɡ
ҿԱ֤Ķҵѣʲôˡ
϶ĵ˵ͷ
ã
Ů˼һ˵ͷ
һˣеҪæ
֪ͨ˶
ӵĹ򣬶Ʒɾ˹ŸһŮͷת˵ķֱ΢΢һƺеǹƺʲô˿ķеǹվûо
ŮǴҪҵˣڻЩ裬˵Сһ㣬Ҫŵ
촽΢ֱӴƷɺͶˣƷѾʶĴܵĹ򣬵ǶЩĿһۣȻû뵽һ֡
ʲô⣿
˵ͷʾˡ
˽Ůһ󣬶¶һ˿ȻĹâ
˵ǿܻɣ
Ůһۣͷ
Ҳ֪ܻ
ЩĿŶƺû뵽ȻҲ֪ܻ
ȻܻУԳƵģʱһЩȱݣֻԿײܽѾĽˣֻû뵽ڻпܻĴڡ
ƽ˵
ԭܻУԳľ㣬̫ˣ
˾ϲ˵а취ҵӦԿ𣿡
취еģ鷳һˣڸľͺܺð죬ҪԶһЩĻҪһЩǣӴĹˡ
˵ͷŮʵҿԿһǸܻɼһУϢ𣿡
á
Ůͬ΢΢һͷ
һǰȥ֣ӣ¶˴ϵĿֵ֣֮֮ı̳Ļ档


425 Ȫȼٴ
ֻǿ˿ܻʮֵľڣֵ֮ıϾѾʾɼݽҪӴܻһǿ֮ɶ죬ʮֵȽһΪ˽ܻĹ졣
ѾˣھҪܻԿ׵ǵ
ڿֵ֮ıϲһһĻ̴ӶͶӰ˰Уʹ˶ԿĻ棬һɨĵͼָ벻ϵѭɨ䣬ȻڼԿ׵Ϣ
Լһҵʱ䣬ɨʾûѰ
Ҵ豸Խźŷ䵽ܱ߶ʮķΧԿ׺ԲΧʮķΧڣȵһ⸽ͨѶǣſԸٹҵķΧܲҵ
̵Ľһڿֿ֮ٵĲܿһͨѶǣԷźţźֱ˷ԲٹﷶΧڡ
һμʱͳ࣬ԲٹͶʮǲʮֵ⣬˶ģǸŮҲûĵӣһֱվȺš
ˣ
Լȥ˶ʮӣͻȻһĺɫ㣬Ӿʾɫλٶ๫·̣⻹ֱ·̣ҪϵĻ϶ֹôһľ룬ǿɻȥ
ʲôط
ŵͼʵӻʾķλȥǸԿ׵·Уɽ
Աһǵͼ
ŴͶӰĻ棬һĻ棬ƬϿȥｨǳܼдʩȣȷ˷λ֮ٶȵһԽϵĵͼҵǸط
Ȫȼٴ壿
ֵ˵
ǵģʾһǰ½ĴͶȼٴ壬רŹοʹãһʮָ߼Ķȼٴ壬ɷӢι˾ʽ졣
Ȫȼٴļ飬ҪǾȼٴ棬ϸλҪҵ˶ȼٴܽΧȷһ̶ȡ
ãǾһȥȪȼٴ壬Ҳ˳ȥһ档
һ˼һЦ
˵⣬ûг׵Ľ
תͷ˵
ûϵȥЩҲӦûȥǸźˣ·һʰǡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵չʾǿģŮЦʵˣû֣
ǰģ֣롣
Ůҡҡͷ
ãǾͲҪˣȻȥ˻ģǾ͸һĵְɣ֣ҲֺˣͽհɣգСգһҲ
΢΢һЦ̸Ůһ֡
գֲ
ƷһҲЦ
ϴ·ȻȥһˮԴϴһʰһ׼뿪
ʼͷжΪ˱յİȫȥˮԴˣȥ֮ǰúõ豸ʰ
һСʱƸſڼˣʱѾȫһӣͷѾɾˣ˵ͷԺϵҲϴɾˣ¶˰ݺһɫĴ۾һ
Ưһһ¿϶ġ
Ʒ̾һ˵ͷ˵
ڴƷɴĻϴ··Եĺܴ󣬲ֻʱһ¶ѣҲͲȥƽôˡ
ǼˣһŮЩ㣬ǵһŮͬȽϷ㡣
ԽҰϣЦ˵
ѽȷʵǺܲ㣬ŮҪ·ʲô֮ĶǶ֪иŮ˷һ㡣
ƷҲͬĹ۵㣬˱ϸôһŮǲôŪ
˵ͷó绰һ롣
ʰһȻĺൽԽϵȪȼٴ壬͡
ԭͨƱĵ绰һǾƱʣһΪƱܹŵѵʱҲԱ֮ΪƱҲ书չյĻҲ㹻ʵ
ţҾϹȥ
ƱûжΪʲôĻΡ
һ·ʱĻվ㣬ȥ˵ĻƱﵽȪȼٴ壬һֱĻ𳵣ֻҪСʱܵ
Ȫȼٴĸʮ幫ĵطһֻǹģûĹʻôӴΪӭרȪȼٴǵĿ˽ġ
ѾѯˣӶֱӵеĻȻڻСͿͻֱȪȼٴ壬ƱٶȿĻߵҾͿԺȪȼٴ͡
һСʱȥȪȼٴĶʻվ㣬һһڳᣬλ
˶ĻȻԵĵִģһϳ˿Ŵλ˫ֲȻץŴһ䱸ʮӡ
ε񣬷Ҳʼ磬΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʱҲûʲôܺõİ취ϾһƸĵطãʱڿ϶ûа취ģҪһӦḶ́ʱĳ̣ǾҪ˶չ˵ˡ
һЩϺʳһЩƵյǰֻĬĬҡͷ۾һֱЩװʳ￴־ǲλĽ
ҲȰճԣֱӴһƿˮ˹˵ĺ˼ڣһƬ˾ĨһЩѽڵĳ
Եô㣬һ˿ɶСһƿȪˮ֮Сĵĺ
¶һ˿ĵЦ⣬ڵǿҵķʹ޷κζֻпűˣȷûΣ֮󣬲ŻȥԣŻȳΪ˸գⲢûʲôΣա
˳һ㶫ͿʼıĿϢ
ǲ֪ǣϳ֮󣬿³Ҳͬһ𳵣ҾĸǰΪյϣûע⵽
˵³ĵ˴ͻµõݣ֪һ֮Ҳҵȥӽ뿪ԶԶģĿⶼϣһʲô
һֱڿ³ĵշΧ֮ڣֱһ˻𳵣ûзǵټ
֣ΪʲôҪƸһСŮ
ڿ³ĵĶ棬һ֭Щɻ󲻽ʵ
ӷĪǾСŮȽϿ
ڵܵܵıϣĲ²һ¡
ô򵥣ȻҲ֪ǸСŮʲôرģһ·ԲһͨŮӣֻԭʱ֪ˡ
³һЦòַǳ壬ӵкǿֻͣǾѾ㹻˵Ŀ⡣


426 ִ
͵ĸ֣ÿһ¶ڣǾԲû¸ɵġ
ҧŹ֭ܣ³ĿŴ⣬˵ŵЩС׷ʧ΢ĵ
ôһ˵ĻҲеϿ̫ˣһһʵҲ
˵ͷ
ǵļƻҪôţҪһȥȪȼٴ𣿡
ٿſ³ʵ
ȻҪȥǾ͸һȥã˳ҲȥȪȼٴһ棬ϾҲ֪ʤأȻˣôܲһأڼƻʱӦɣ
һЦ³Ĺ˵
⣬ðɣǾ͵ʱ˵ˡ
۽΢΢һ飬ƺ˵Щʲôջû˵ֻǵ˵ͷͬ˿³ĵ뷨Ͼεжɿ³ֻǸһжѡ
ҪĿĵصʱλϣƺЩӣһֱ΢ŤӣЩ
ֵĿһգЩʲôʱ򣬶ͻȻ΢һһ΢ˮεĶ䣬漴һյС¶һ˿Ц⡣
ȥϴּ䣿
΢΢ͷʵ
ǡ
յ˵ͷ
ȥɣڳľͷ߾ϴּ䡣
վӣմȥ˳ᾡͷϴּ䡣
ô֪Ҫȥϴּ䣿
ƷɾĿ
ģһˡ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
ʶĵһ쿪ʼʵڲϵļǿУĽ
пЦһƷҡҡͷ
ʵĽԴڳ֮ԺֻҪȥʵĽǱȻ顣
Ц˵
Ȼô˵ķҲ̫ˣʵЩȥˡ
Ʒ̾˿
ջ۵Ḷ́һھܳԳӵģҪ̫ļˡ
⻰˵ģڶķ˵ġ
ԻĵĻҲ˽
ƷɿŷЦʱ򣬽գ֮ȴûг㶵ĿǰľӣѾʧȥ˽㡣
ң˭
ԴƺֵϵĴͫײͣķŴС̳˺ü飬ǰʼģ𽥵ĳ˴ԴҲʼĸ
ʮܵĸоֻһתŻһת䣬΢΢ĻζһĲȣֱһƨͰϣð춼û
ʱǰͻȻһڰһŮ˵׳˺ڰ֮УЩǾҲԸܵǸŮϾ˵Ĺһ֪ͨŮˡ
ģĿȥŮƺһͷɫĳһһÿķ٣һǴ˼ϣʮ־µķţзŶĿĹ⻪
ӣˡ
һƺӼΪңԶĵط˹ԴͻȻһʹ漴ֽסԴһʮʹģҲһߡ
ǽҧأʱҪĺɣǳϰߣϰ߽Լ¶ǰԾʮֵͷۣǿţԼ
ʹļӾ磬յɫ𽥵Ĳ԰εĺˮ˳ջһεεĵĵϣһʱ䣬Ȼ;ۼһС̲ˮգɼʹʲô̶ȡ
ϹǻǰѺ߰ɣȥǾͿҪˡ
ǰĻһ䣬Ǹʸ߹ŮվһӢǰе˵
ǲ뿪һ뿪ǵߣҲ޷ƿǵˡ
ǸӢȴҡҡͷϵľܾӵ顣
ѾƿصķΧߣʱ϶۵ģôĿһôС˲þô
Ů˵˾ӨˮһεεĽ˵̯ϣʪ˻ë
裡
һյĿд˳гڵʱʶͻȻǰһҲĻٶӡ
þһǻþ
ٵĴŴոؿڣǰһҵɼղŵһ˲䣬жôľңֱȴ˶Ҫˡ
Դ뵽Ƹĺڰ֮غѾܾûˣջΪЩѾԺû뵽ͻȻðֱӽľ񳹵׵ˡ
ôˣ
գԲ˲Ծĵطƺһ㣬·ϻдˮʪĺۼǳĿ٣ʹﲻҲԵ޹һ
䣬ֳˡ
ҡҡͷ򵥵˵һпλһǣͷ˫ȼ䡣
ɻĿ⣬ҡҡͷʾҲ֪ôһ¡
εʼ磬ڶյ˽⻹̫ˣգҲ֪ӺΰֻܵƱˣϾŮӣܹͨϻӷһЩ
ܿ죬𳵾͵Ȫȼٴվ㣬գһ˻𳵣漴һҾƵס
ǰźûãͽӵƱĵ绰֪˵ص֮󣬲ʮӵʱ䣬Ʊһɫ䣬һīô˵ǰ
һŮ
ƷᴵһڣЩĽĿһۣÿμ߶ŲͬŮĽ֮
˴ŵһ׷˺ƷԼסǵһ䣬ջûп䣬Ϊû֤κο֤Լݵļ
ȻԶ˵־Ƶķ޸һ֤ǳļ򵥣׼Щν飬׼Ʊ֮Ʊ÷䣬ȻպƱסһ䷿
գ¼ҹ˾ĳԱһǳŮ⼸鷳չһˡ
ƱߣѾһԵսܸƱ
һ˿ֵɫƱһۣȻΪʲôô·Щ棬ͬʱղҲ̶õĴҲЩɻ󣬲ôǰûʲô
գֺܲ
۾һգƱЦ
ѾǲԼˣҾԼոһ֣ʱȥ֮˸һҲһʽĻˡ
Ц˵
ãҽƱܸʶ㣡
ƱЦŶ֣ȴֻǿһۣĵ˵ͷǲûԼ֡
ȥЩ·Ьʲôòãڵ·̫ˣЩء
ƱҲΣջ֣ЦС˵
պܾûнӴỷˣ˶ĵطڻЩܣʱҪСһЩܵ˾š
촽΢ֱӴƱ


427 ˵ĳ
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ھƵһĴλΣοͶУֶŸַɫȺƱպ˷ֿˣȥˣЩŮĶǸЩõġ
ʱ򣬶ȼٴһͷǼĲƵ꣬ȴһϤס
һͷĺɫ˳һĲʹ۾ϱLVһ۵ĺɫȹǳĹʶĿֻǴ߽Ƶʱ䣬Ѿ˵Ŀ⣬ȻеζȻҲǲԶ
ŮˣϴƷɴȥҵǸޱޱҲǽǴZ֯鱨ĵطҷ籩King֯鱨ջһöɴ洢壬󽻸˶ʹá
ʱޱޱȴȪȼٴ壬鿴е㷴ˡ
ʮһ߼׷ޱޱӵֱ֮ߵ˷ǰн˼·ţһĹ򣬷žͱ˴ˣһվſڣɨһȣޱޱ˷䡣
ˣȻǺͿ³һǵĸˣͿֵһֱһ˾һֱڿ³ĵıϣͷβ˵Ļûм䣬û뵽ھȻ
壬ôţû֪ƺЩŹͷˡ
ޱޱժ۾һЦ߽˷棬ĽLVɳϣھƹԹԵóһƿƣС뱭֮ĺһڡ
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ޱޱεҡҡͷǿɲͨˣ壬ѵΪǻ𣿡
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һһ۵˵ƺڿЦ
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ޱޱʵ
ӦҲʶɣյϢƺ
·ڴͳһƬǰһƣƬֱӻޱޱǰ

ޱޱֻһƬʱ˳ƷɴǸˣһȥZ֯鱨㣬ҵ˷籩ȡKing֯鱨
Ϊһ鱨ԱޱޱΪκ֯鱨Ժ͸֯ϵͬڣKing֯һ𣬵ǲ˵King֯ˡ
ֻΪ˸߼ҵȡһЩ鱨Ҳ˵ֻΪѡ
ʲô˽⣿
΢һͷ۾һĶޱޱ
Ҷ˲Ƿǳ˽⣬ʵǿģֻû뵽ǿ³ĶûаնԸĳ̶ȡ
ƬޱޱϸĿһֽƬͨһƷʶģ֮ʵҲǷǳ磬ҹְҵһ΢һϢ
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ƺͷǳĲ򵥣˵ڱĵط˵ڶڣûƽ˵飬ǹٷǳУҵȦҲкܶǳѣǲ׵͡
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ޱޱһЦĹУ׵ͣѾǳΣյļˣֻһ˵ıȽίѣǻһ˽ˣܻΪʵҲûʲô˵ġ
ΪͷСʵҲǳǿί̽һЩϢڼ۸񣬾ͰǵϹغˡ
ͷ˼һֱ̧ͷ˵
ҪúõĿһϾһҪڶȥĵĻԺӻܲùģȻһʲô鱨Ļ϶ȳ۸ǡ
ޱޱûֱӴӦΣռѾǳˣΪһ棬ּˣȻһǵľҪмѰҵһƽ㣬ȿ׬Ǯֲڵˡ
ޱޱС仰ͺá
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ޱޱεҡҡͷԵLVվιôû³ģ
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һöߵĳޱޱεҡҡͷLV뿪˷䡣
ɳϾĶһ֮󣬿ͻȻԤ׵ͬ뿪˷䣬ƺһжѾмƻһ
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֪һȥҿ³ģߣ
ſ뿪ıӰǸͨŮͻȻ˵һ仰ϤȻǸղ뿪ޱޱû뵽̶̵ʱڣѾȫһˡ
鱨֣ȡ鱨ֶͨװֻǻֶ֮һôҲ֮ˡ
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ҵ߹հ˹գ·ҵһƷ꣬ڵںͼλŮĵ÷ǳĵĿ³ġ
Բҵˣʹĵĺ죬ϣ´λܼ档
³һǸ飬վͼλŮĵſ뿪ǼƷ꣬˱λһβסʧĻŮ
Ϣ̽𣿡
ߵ˷ҵϣ³ͷҲصʵ֪һĸ


428 
ʱûУޱޱǷǳ˽⣬ֻйһ֮ԵȻ˽һϢѣͨһʶģϢô࣬Ѿί鱨ռˡ
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ţޱޱѾڻҵıȽϺõ鱨ԱˣҲȽϹ㣬ȥռ鱨ҲǱȽŵùˡ
³һЦ漴ͻأͣĿҲͣס˽ŲޱޱС㣬Ӧȥռ鱨ǣǸǡ
ûͷûԵ˵һ仰³ּͷβûлͷһۣͬˣ³ĵΪֻӵ̬ȣûκɵĳɷڡ
ڿ³仰˵֮ԶһҵſڣһѼñؿڹһɫӵŮͻȻԤ׵ת෴ķˡ
³ģȻˣʱʵǿˣȥúúøһ鱨ˣû뵽Ȼ¶ţЩأ
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֣³ͻȻ


429 Ѱ
ڶһ硣
˵˲ͣƵʽģҸһЩϲԵĶͿſ߽һһСŮȥ·Ʊա
ƱǺԭûʲô̫Ĳ𣬵յ̫ˡ
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յĵӺܺãȻֻʮ꣬һŮӣΪŷˣѾǺˣͬŮ˵ļֱҪ̫ࡣ
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˰СʱҵĳǩƷɼȫѾ˳ȥ˵ģͷ˷һ飬Ҳ΢һ㣬ٻзܸڶߡ
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پʮţپʮŵο͵ǰ
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棬پʮһοǣһʮߺţ
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вɫһ˿ȵĺۼû뵽ȻޱޱϴθƷɣȻޱޱֻһ֮ԵǶóȡ鱨ŮﻹΪעġ
Ȼ򽻵ʱȽ϶̣ǶޱޱһЩµжϣһǳܸɵŮˣͽĻƿɫŮˣǱһľԣޱޱʵﲻֵһᡣ
ܶʱǿܾܶණϻؿԾɰܣȻޱޱǽЩõĺܺõĵʹжһ㶼ûС
ѽѵݼٵһ棬벻Ȼδ갡
ޱޱͷһЦʱڻģڻĵĻҲǷǳ˽ġ
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֪ޱޱû˫˼̸ֻЦĺ죬û˿쳣ɫ
Ҳ֪Ҫ̽Ů˵ĵϸ̫򵥵ֶȫûõģ鱨һеˣûһʻ᲻أ˾ͱĹ
Ƕޱޱʱ˿ͻȻطлǱһ˿裬鱨ӿɲԵ޹ʵܵĸطȥ棬Ŀִܾʲô


430 ҵԿ
ȥô࣬ޱޱʲôҪȡʲô鱨ֻҪ漰С
ʱһվŵƷҲߵʱȵĿ°ͣû뵽һ˾ȻôǿɽѰһŮ
ŮէһЩ죬ȵŮת˵ʱƷŷǸŮȻʶޱޱʱüͷ
ޱޱǸʲôģҪĶ֪࣬ܶ飬Ҳ֪һʱޱޱֱе̫ɺˡ
Ǵޱޱƺûʲôǲ֪ޱޱǲǺһйˡ
Ʒɻ˼ʱɽѰʽʼҪͬһڽȥȻȡһѰĵͼǰѰĵطС·ֳʮҷЩС·ɽ
˵ͼ֮Ҳʽɢ˿ǱȻûʲôĵģΪз˸ߣƷɣͲҪʲôˣһʵǿߡ
ƱǱߣֻʮ꣬Ȼĺܺãȷʵһδ꣬췽ڳ˵ߣվͱ䵽˸Ʊһ顣
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ҲûзϣҲû˵ʲô飬⣬Ʒʶˣ
ƷɣҺʶʮˣʱǶߵСأû뵽ƷɵʵѾôǿˡ
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Ҫ绰𣿡
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̾˷˵ͼִͨɵرķʽȷԿǲڵر
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һԾѾǰɽҵλúԿ׽ӽ𣿡
һԿ׵Ϸ
Ա־ķλָߵķ˵
һĶӣֱӰ棬͵صĿע·
ֻƺһֵĸоէһȥһڵĺˮ֮ͨĿ϶ﵽ˾ͿԸӦ·ǲʲô
ô˲һӵʱ䣬˷֣ҸӦԿ׵λã·׶λãĶԿ׷һ𡣡
˵̵֮ܣĿӿż֮£̳һͷСĿ׶ŷ˲ܼ׶ڲϵӡ
ʮӵʱ䣬˾ѾһͷСԼ׶ӣɽּĹߣԼĿһɫĶ
ңָǸ׵Ķ΢΢۾ϸĸӦһ¶һˣһſڰɫĵײը˿ɫĶʱ˳ֱֱͨķ
ͨϵķˣѴ֮ľڰнסǸɫĶԭһɫĲһģ
Űɫİص·ߣΧż·˻Ϊҵʲô췽ŵıأʱ¶ĽͼӿŲ뿪ˣҲȥıء
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431 ͻ
⣬ʣµľǼϴ·ҲûʲôرĶˡ
UԿ׺ǰǹĶɽһһףٶʮǸ
߰ɣѾҵˣҪץʱ佫ϵĿܻ⿪ʲôѰͲòμˣ֪ͨ׼ɽ
Ƶպ˿˵
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˵ͷͷһ֮־ѾԶĺ룬׼ڵǾʱȴͻȻˣ
һӰԼٶͻȻһԵϴ˳ǵӰ֮׿һϣڳˣƷɺͷڣȻûһ˷˵Ĵڡ
ӰͻȻ֮һĵɫ߾йڳ˶ڡ
Сģ
һȣȻ֮ĹâǰĿͻȻһ𶯣ͱ˿ʵĿǽֱӽЩɫĲȫ
¹һ˲䣬̷ɢ˿Ʒ·˺˿ֱֻɫĴ׳ֱۣһֱǵͻȻֵĺӰ
ڳ˵УƷɺͷ˵սǿǴʱ̳֣׼ΧӰ
ӰȻ׼߾͸սڿ֮һŤתȻֱӻƷɣƷɵ־ֻһ˿˿ľ룬һ˿룬ƷȴûץסǵӰ
Ʒ֮󣬺ӰһתֱƱķ
ƱղȻһ˺ƷɶһĹ򣬴ʱѾȫعӰ˹ȥһͬĺɫӰֱ˶ȥ
ΪŵڴˣƱڰĹҲǷǳģοѧǱصŮɢ绢ŲϵѾ𽥵Ľӽľˡ
ܼİӰû˿ľţͬʱ𣬴ϸܵĵɫͬǵص˳ȥȻƱİһȫӦٶȿľˡ
˫һ֮󣬾̼ˣӰٶȾͷǳĿ죬ôһ֮˵ľѾӽڡ
ƱһѾ̫ʺʹðˣȻи߶εĽ򣬵ûнӴЩԴʱõѡ񣬾ǰγذ׿ʼս
ǶڽսʱһҲûףղźӰѾʶˣȻڿֱӱܹƷɵһȻ֪ƷɾжǿףղĻ϶û취ܹƷɵһ
ȻⲢ˵ӰʵͱƷҪǿԷ棬˵ӰǷǳģĿиֽǶȵŤתʮֹĸо
ڱϻз˺ƷɣֻҪܹһʱ䣬̾ͻ֧Ԯ뵽ǿԮһԣƱжʱ˲٣һֽղһֱӴγһذס
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ӰͻȻһĵЦ˿ҪӴʱۿҪ̱ӣӰȴͻȻԤ׵һƫƭƱת֮ʱֺԤ׵һ粽
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ӰյǰʲôһֱֵնҲಱվ͸ɴĻ˹ȥӰ˸첲棬ֻԾĹ򣬺Ӱʧ˸ӵɽ·Сϡ
ʵҲһӰĶ֣ӸղźӰչֳյٶȫϵģʹɳĮ֮ӥҲǵӰ
˺ƷֻһתĹվѾԷ°ˣжʱ󾪣ʱ򣬶Ǹողͨĵ绰
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ޱޱԣ˵绰
ձץˣղһӦǸãѰҵԿ׵ʱ򣬾ɵһɲǣͻȻ͵Ϯ߲ûˣǰץˡ
ٵ˵
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ʱһԷץգȴû˺ߵκһˣȻĿĵģطĿѾǲԶˣĳطȥλ÷̸Ϲȥ
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⻹ֲ쳣ôޱޱҲͲרŸ鱨ˡ
һѱץˣҪ̹ȥޱޱС㣬ܱǸܺһˣԺԵټ
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ޱޱֱ֮󣬺ܿҵվԭûжĶһˡ


˶ʱͬʱеʱ򿴼ǵͻȻһ֣ϾղŶֵĹǶѾʶˣڳĳ˭Ҳû˵ǸӰ
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ǰһղŵϸ˵һӰôڿбܹƷɵĹԼǴǸطͻȻðġ
ŷָŵǿתߵǿԱߣһֱǿϸĸӦһȻ淢˷ǳϢ
ղµϢղȷǶϢǳıôĸӦӦҲѷĴڡ
˵ͷüͷ΢΢
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Ʒһʵ䵽ǵʱһ˵ʲôġ
ȻҪȵģÿһ£ԷȻץգ϶ǹȥʱǾôɵɵĳȥжԷ»Էʲôһ񣬶ܻǵĵ
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432 
²˳٣Ƿֳ飬һ飬Һͱһ顣
ͷ˼һپжķ׷յλãֻͨλңҺͱһ·ȥԷʲô壬Ҳ˶һͷԽȥ
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˶ͬ飬̷ֳ飬ֳ׷ٶȥ
ӶʵʱĵͼԷȻһƬĵѾоˣԽɽߣĵξԽӣοҲӵ٣ԷĿĵز϶ϣӵͼϵĺԷѾֱԽɽȥɽһ档
ַƱǿֱƱӣɽּɿĴƱֻϵĿŵͼ޷죬ٶȾȻҪ˿öࡣ
ǴһȥȻԶ·ɸ˵ǰǸѾһľˡ
߷ɿĸ·֮ʱȴ鷳ڸȥ·⵽˷ԷõóĶľ˳
Ƿ˷Ӧ٣һ˾Ϳֱӱˣûм׷ȥĻˣֱһ¿ǽЩܼĶ롣
ķ˲ľûнӴľʱ򣬶ľûʲôǷ˳֮ЩС䵽ϣǿ̾ʹĻһӵĹһŲֱʧȥļ
֮ңƷ˺һ亹ֱðǿûֶ뻹ܹڽ׷ٵ·̣̱С͵׷
Խ˶֣ܲ׼׷ȥʱȴͻȻһ¿˻Եգ⣬Ҳڶˡ
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⣡ǵĿҪȻûԸǣ
ƷɺͷʱҲͬʱӦ˹һۣͬʱصɫ
ٺ٣ˣ֪ǻܲܶǵ׷ɱ
巴վԿһ򾯽ʱһЦͻȻΧﴫ˳
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ǺܲҵϢͺյҪ׵Ľ㣬ûκأִֻܼˣ
䣬Ӱʱ˲Զһ档
ˣ㿨վƷ˵ǰȴ޷ӦϢ˵ǾԲܵ󣬿ȻǸʵǿߣǲȥϢ
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Ʒɫһֱ΢ɲᴥһ·ˣҪСΧǱڵˡ
Ȼֻǵһκͷ˺֮ѾĬϴƸֶԵеʱ֮ĬϾѾ˳һԶһսǷǳʵϡ
ûлͷһֱΧǱߵ쳣Ҳע⵽ˣһʱ뵽˸ղͻȻֵǸӰٴ˳֮ǰͬûвǸӰĴڡ
ͺյͽɣϵķҲKing֯ͽ׷ɱĹУľˣһԲֶԸͽʡ˺ܶ鷳
һЦ΢ǰһĻ̸ϡ
ԭߵһǸˣӦǿ³İɣ
΢΢һУԷȻ˵ˣٲ׹ҲľԴһˡ
ȷǿ³ǼһԳ֣һֱڱǵ
û˿ĳɣˬĳ
Ҳ²ҲǣǵУûһĶ֣ҲͿ³еˣһҪһҵϢǿ³ĳ֣ҲĶ֣һҪһͷˣ
ͻȻЦ
ʵȻ֪жǿǴΪ⿪ĲٿǷǳǿģټһǿ˵Ǽû㡣
³ĵʵ˶һЩ˽⣬ⷽԱ治һĶ֡
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һߵһľͼٵӰҲˣǵĿֻǣûҪɱֻҪ³ܹסһ֮Ϳ뿪ˡ
³ĲĶ֣ҪɱҲô׵ģϸһʱᣬǾͿȥ񱨵ˣǸûҪԸ֮޷ΪڣԸѶȼӴ˶ѡ
Ҳһ˵
ǾôС˰ˣûǵУǾ׸ĸǺܲİ
Ʒʮָп˵һ䣬ͫͻȻһ˿ɫĹâҲʼֳ˵Ļɫ
бҪ֤ʵһʵˣԺûټԣȻСƣ
ͬйâһͻȻһžը죬ĲҲϴ˳ΧĿʱһȦȦͷ·ͻȻˮһ㡣
ʱһӰͻȻӿԵǿ渡˳һûпٵƶƷڿ˺˵ӰһͷŶںɫˣһ˫۾⣬ûκεĲλ¶档
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ӰͻȻ֣ÿʱ΢΢һ
³ҪҵϹȥͽˣ
Ӱ֮˵һ仰һ̳漤ȥڳĿͼٷŭ
ںӰ뿪֮󣬿ͼٶ˱صϢҲ𽥵ıƷ˸ӦˣղڸϢ˾Ӱˡ
Ѿ׷Ǹ㣬ӸղǵĶԻӦþǿ³ˣǸӰͻȻ˵³ҪȻĶ֡
һۿִ֣֮ĺ㲻֪ʲôʱȻѾյĺһʱʱֿȻ˫Ѿʼˡ
³ģôĶ֣
ƷɶʱһЦֱͻȻ͵˿һΣֱȴû֮ǰĴִ󣬶ǽֻ仯˶֮һͬǣ˫ҲͬһʱĴִ
һΣƷɴ߶ȫ˱仯


433 ˫
ȫб仯ƷɣԭĳλҪһ㣬ҲвĵطǾȫеĵط˱仯ͷҲ⡣
¶Ƥڶ˵ɫ۾Ǳ÷·һͫ׶ŵӣͷһСС͹ƺʲôҪһ㡣
͹ڲûг׵ƿǾôƤʹƷɵĶͷһҲּͦǿױϸϸ졣
˵ĻͲλıΣ촽˵ɫȫ˼״ͷ˷ֲ棬ϸֳʱķһͷ·ʲôιһ
Ʒǵһȫı仯Ȼǲģڵıβȫֻ̬һֵͼ̬Ϊɲλͷı仯ûеı仯ǿ
ҲпԭģϾƷڵʵֻļ߶ѣڵҲޣ޷Ӧȫı仯ʹá
ʱƷѡȫ̬ı仯ȻҲĿǵġ
ڳĳͷ˾ǿս⣬ʣµĶǴĸߣսȻҲУֻͨ˵ЩרְսȣǾͲǲһǰˡ
ȫ̬仯ƷɵƶٶȺ͹涼ȵǣȻûе仯ֲĹǿҲûе仯Ȳƶٶȿ죬ʤȫһƽ⡣
ƽҪģϾȥֻ֣ܶҪȵ֧ԮɣͷҪľǾȫķأұ֤İȫ
ƷѾȫԸоһڵ̴ȵĵûװʵ½˷ǳֻּ࣬ĸֵʱȱһѡ
ƽʱսʱ򣬷˵ʵ˿ˣKing֯ôûеģҲ׷ɱʱɳ˿³ּĸˡ
˶ѾȫԸ׼Ҳ֪ڵޱȵĽţó˷˸ղŹõİɫӣóǰι״ǹ
Ȼû˵ǶȴʶǹģKing֯зĶǹǸʱоûнôѾ˶ǹĳΣһǹ˳
ŵľǶǹԭʼͺţȻ֪King֯ûмзֶǹȴǻʵĲƷ
ڵܵԴԴϵע˶ǹУֻǹһžС͵ƹʱǶǹڳܵı־
׼ĶǹʹõܺܣӦҲͱ˵ǹǹųĲͬǹԱ仯ɲͬȻǹƵʱ򣬾Ϊ׼ġ
е߶ǿսÿһڶҲζе߶ܹʹöǹΪֲս⿪
ֻǶǹںзĹУ˲ϵƽĴ洢ǹĲȱݣǾ޷ʱ洢
Ҳ˵һ˶ǹУô뾡ʹãһʱ䣬Щͻǹлţճ׵˷ˡ
һ㣬ǹصһȱ㻹ڲϵƣǾǳܲʱ޷ʹãһԽǹȫĴҲͬһɲó
ȱ㣬ǵһǹʱ򱻷ֵģԵһǹܿͱմݻˣڰƷ϶ǲģʹõġ
UԿ׷ڵһǰǹһ۾ϳһѶǹǵʱҲûȥʣǴKing֯ʧҲ˵
Ҳ˲ôˣڳЩʵǿߣֻŶǹһɱЩ˵ǰǵʵǲġ
ǹ
ע⵽˶ϵʱ΢΢ƲͷһۣʱͿ˶ǰѶǹһ˿ȵɫ
ţ֪ǶǹǵһĲдƷʹһЩ鷳ѡ
˵ͷһգգĶſͼ١
ãǹȻһЩȱݣǿԵģ׼ʱ˵ǻܷΪʤ
һ˿ϲɫǹЩȱݱ治κ⣬ʹߣҲľͱǹС
ѶǹԽյģΪûʲôԱԲøշãдƷһѣ֪µֻԼѡ
Ѷǹ⣬ͬһεвдζǹݻˣûʣĶǹΪڲϷһֱûнչҲʵ洢ΪֹҲûеڶεĶǹ
Ҳ˵ϵѶǹΨһһѶǹˡ
ûйʱ׼ͼѾз˹
Ϳ򽻻һ֮óսͼ̶ŷ˳˹ȥ֮ǰͿ³ƻʱ򣬷˵ʵѾˣԸԶߣȻҪӽ֮󷢻ӽսˡ
ڷ˿ɲһˣվڱϵƷȻǲͼٵóѵģֻ΢΢һѾվ˷˵ǰһӵͼٵĵһι
ҲͬһʱƶƷɵλãֲƷɷĿȱֹʱ͵Ϯߡ
ûֱӷǿŷ˹һЦûȷЦݵĺ壬ԶֻĳˣǺͿ³һĿͿֵܡ
ǿҪԸƷɵģԸŸոճ֣֪ǵĹ¼ֶã
ǹһ˿а΢Цɫصķ˵
·еȷЩˣԷѾʵǿߣǿͼ٣͸¶ܲС
ڸǶߣȻ֪˭ҲûмǴϵͬǲ򵥵׷ɱǵˣȻʲôʵ΢ߡ
ˣֵڼˡ
ǰһٴеķһЦ
ֵ˲ûвٿ壬ֱֳڶԸʵϲ߻ЩãּսоͷӲʲôˡ
һˣֱӾǴʵʽʧȫûбҪľٶKing֯ƴֵ֯Ҳ˷֯Ʋ
ǣ
˴ûͿֵǿһģһݣȴһʶĸоԿ϶ĳһʱ̣һ˵Ƶ
ֵһֱоƽʱȷʵǲô
һЦ


434 ȫ濪
ڴо֯ʶǵǱȽ٣ִˣǲʶˡ
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зĺܶණ֯е˴װӦüЩӡŵߵı־ɣǾֵ˵ı־
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˫ڣԭ˵ľǣһΪһˣû뵽Ȼֵˡ
˶ʱ¶һȻ飬֪ǰ˭ˡ
King֯һصооĿƼˮƽҪԽʮʮ꣬֯õĺܶ߿ƼƷǴоġ
оѧߣӦþ˫ˣ˻Ϊһˣû뵽Ȼֵˣ뵽֮ǰƸ͵Ϯǵ壬ʱ˹
ϴβˣӦþֵˣû뵽ΪоѧߣǾȻǰߣұ¶רְսǰ
뵽˴˴΢΢һǰĿͻȻ΢ɲһ£һĿ̶ſͿ˹ȥļƻסֱʵ
С˿ֵ˵ʵֵֻ˸ûǰͳһɫıϣǽһ㣬˵ĿնǸ棬ֻǼһȦȦ΢
ϣ
üͷһ壬жʱ΢΢һһãȻֵо˫ڣЩʽװôûϣ϶Ѿװݡ
ٺ٣ֵ˵ǿԲûʲôսзЩȴǻԣõĻҲǲܺЩս߱һȡ
һЦ
зĴ󲿷ֲƷΪûսĸ߿ģĿľΪǿǵʵڿȻһЩôġ
ҲһЦŷ˵ʮֵζ
ϻˣڲɵʱ򣬿³ǱѾЩ֧ŲסˣϽǽ˵
˼죬Щżˣ̲סһۿֵķ
û˵ֱ̧ұֱֱָۣ˿ķ򣬲ʲôͻȻһɫߣ߾ͻȻſ˳ȥ
ɫһ飬һ˿ǵȻҲҪɱֻΪ˾һѣֻڿϵһԲ
ʲô˼
ɫͻȻһԾĻ棬ɱĿſֵ
ûʲô˼ֻ˵Сһ㣬ֻǺѣǣ´˵ʲôʱ򣬼Ҫһ㣬ֵƢɲǺܺá
һЦбۿ˿һۡ
һᣬϵĻʱ͵ĸǵڵϴĻʱּСһ
ãô˾ͽǶԸˣǵĿԼ
Ŀ˿ֵһۣһƶͼٵеĻ滺ʵĻϸͶƷ˹ȥ
Ȼ泯ֵķ򣬵˿ԵܲȴǸܵĺûͷͷһƷܵĿ̿ʼƵĲ
ַ·ʽĿ˶̴谭˿ϸķ·ߣֻһСɶѣĵķ漼΢΢ġ
Ʒ˵Ѿõİˣĳӿûϸе쳣ѣʹЩϸķ࣬ͬʱҲͼ˺ܴ鷳
ǿžȷĲܿͼٵΣͬʱԵ˽дĻϸ벢ûзֱʱ򣬻ϸ˿˳޷׼ٿصĿҲܱ֤һԱܿͼٵˡ
̶̵һɲǵĹУͼپЩαĻϸУԭרĶƷɷʱòֳһֵľܿĻϸ롣
ʱǵϲ绢ǿ򷴶ͼٵ׸ǵûаţԽԽæ
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ⶼǴεսȡľͽѵԲһܹյļɣʹʱ˵Ĳǡôֱûʲô޵ĵط
Ƿˣһֲٿļɼֱߣò
ʱһЩоˣھȷĲҪͺܸߣ¿һֲʱ̲ס̾ûа취һоԱıԡ
ȻǱ߶ѾʼˣҲͲҪ̫ˣʱѶ
Цҡҡͷǿ׷ɱ˵ģǶ겻ѣصعɡ
˵˵ǿֵ˶ȴǺ˵ͬʱһǹ˵ǹЩ׼ȷˣΪǹʵ̫ˣȭͷô󣬼ͬһȻڵĳ̶ȡ
һĶȷʵһǹУʱֵϣʮֵĹ죬ǰڹֱܾӰһǹһ
˵ĶĿ죬һͽǹӺժŷ˾Ϳ۶˰
ɫʱкһƬܼĹֱ꣬ӽǰһٶʮȽǷΧڵĶȫУȫɨһĹǰʲô

ĲǷˣҲƷɣǱ޹ǣȥĿͼˣͬʱ䣬̳˳˿ֵܵĹΧ
ƷͬһˣֱӶ˶ıϣһץס˶ۣһԶ˿
ս΢ʱû˰Ļ嶤Ҫһɨ֮£ڷˣƷɲǺܵģӸղһֿ϶а취ġ
ƷȻǲ׵İô򵥵ĹµģǰһӣĿ̷ƾճ֣ξʧŨС
ٺ٣ô򵥾𣿡
һЦеǹʱֹͣ˺ɫߵ£ֻô̶̼ӵɨ䣬ǰһٶʮȽѾһƬ꣬ľȫ׷׵£ѴԵĽ֮ɫ
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ҿһƬ̳ı־ֱӽǹڵת׼Ǹ֮һڴֵĺɫ߶ʱ˳ȥдһƺߡ
һ̣Ũɢ˿¶˶׷һԵķˡ


435 Ⱥ
ʱķˣǰһƬԵ֮ɫȻղһƺ֮Ѿˣ޷γɣʱɫӦ˲̫ء
㿴ûս츳ǽװǷӳսҲǲأ
ٸ˵һȭͷȻ˷ֵȼĸ֣Ĵ
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˻վŵǿŴʱĵȥѵλþңȻǱղһֱײϵģɼٷǵжôǿ
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ֻϵЩ΢ı䣬ǲܵģȽѰֻһô󣬵ȴﵽ˽ٹ
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׼ȷĲ׽Էλãս֮зӵжû˱ЩսˣԷڲŻôɵ
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ʹȫǿ֮ƷȻ޷ֱӿǵڴֵɫߣֻ˴Ĺʵõİ취ǲҪУҪǿеֵҪΪͲôǳˡ
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һߵĿͼˣɫվһԣû˵Ҳûʲô˵ֻҪĿƷɱɱ㲻ɱҲνͺֻ֯ҪƷѣôĵǲ⡣
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̣һʱ˻ྯ䵫ûȶֵʱԶͻȻһ΢ķ
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֮ǰ뿪ʱƷļǵúȫ¶˺Уͷһͷֻ¶ֻ۾
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յĺһ£һʱյڣվһ˹һѣͻһ飬ֱӴĻ˳
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Ͻһץסյ֣С˵
ʱҲǱΡȻվľ޴ߴﵽ׵Ĵ˵벻˿Ҳһѵ顣
տǸĵһۣȴֵİץסֶǳˣһ˿㯵ɫƺڻЩʲô


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ȴͬʱȵĻ࿴һۣΪһСڣǸͻȻֹͣŭ޴ͷ­ת˹һתֱӶסա
յģ֮󣬹ĸ۶ʱһתƺͬ˼Щʲôͻıһʱڳ˶˵Ҷ֪ʱӦøЩʲôźá
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Ŷϱ˿ڵĿͻȻһֻڵϵĿͻȻ׳һЩֱ˹ǰһϵľұըйŭ
һƬҵĻⱬը̰Χס˹Ǿ޴ȻѸٵȼȥ˲͸˹׸ߵ֮һ޴Ļʹ趯˫ۣлͣķ˻
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446 ʵ
Сһ㣡
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Ѿ˺ܶĻҳƻĽԵŤشҲʧȥĹȻűƻģǺܾ֮ǰѾٻˡ
ֻһ˸ߣôôȥģ
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˸ӰȺɽڲ֪澿ʲôҲҴ򿪵ƣʲôĹ
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˳ͨߣҰ𽥵Ŀ潥ʵҵӣƬƬľ޴͸Թʵҵԣ豸п̨֮ࡣ
Щ豸ûȫǴ飬Ȼˣŵľ޴͸ԹܣҲһĴ󶴣ȻŵĶ϶Ѿ˳ǻǾͲ֪ˡ
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ʵҶѾɢ˿ĴĲ鿴һʲô֣ƱһԵһڷʱҺ˹ȥ
һ͵ǸſڣûžŵһɵĸϢϢǳ΢ǰʵҵʱûرȥעⶼûз֡
䲻󣬴Լֻаƽңǵȴѻ˸ָʬ壬Щʬι״ÿһĶһΨһȷһǶࡣ
ʵȻѾ˶꣬ЩʬȴûиõĺһʵȽϸ׸ãһԭ¾ΪЩʬˡ
ʹѾȥˣɿԿЩʬ϶ɢŲ̶ͬȵĵһЩǿһ㣬һЩһ㣬һⶼŽ
߽˷䣬ϸĹ۲һ󣬷ЩʬϾŲ̶ͬȵ˺ۣ˺Ǳʲôҧģž޴Ļںͳݺۡ
аһǸ˿ڣȻ˿ں͸ղſǸ;˵ơ
ѵЩʬ壬ǱǸҧģ
һɻ󣬾۲ЩʬʱƷֺ
Ǹˣ
ƷɵĽк̸ϹȥϣһٶȼǸڵӺ͸ղѾȫһˡ
Ѿ׶СңİɫҺϲϵؿھҵţ۵ĹâҲķǳһ㶼û֮ǰǿģЩӲдӡ
ôˣ
տпڷĹһ˿ɻ
֪ǿڵƺܲõӡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ھʲô
϶ȡˣ
ŹһĪչʱ򣬴ӽʵ֮һֱû˵ĶʱͻȻ˵ˡ
ʲôϣ
ƷתɻĿŶʵ
豸Ȼݻ˴󲿷֣ܶ϶ѾʧˣǻһЩϱӲ̾ҸղҵģɿԶȡ
еһӲ̣֮һߣӲϣӲݱˣղƽ⻨һʱ䡣
涼Щʲô
Ƚ⡣
ϢݲǺܶ࣬ǹһļƻ󲿷ֶʵݣûʲô壬һЩƬα˳ܻá
˿ֵ֮ͶӰܣһĻ̳˵ǰʾһе֣ȻĳԱ¼־
죬1ʵ˽ԪۺϷӦһʧˣüʱע6Լסڵ
1ʵǿҵųⷴӦϳɽżųԣܽ⣬ʵ齫嵽ʧܣ
ܲ˵˴һСŮһԶԽи죬¹ķ˳򣬴ڵϵĽ֪ĻǼٵģ
ǸСŮˣԡ
ѾͨתѾ֤ʵʹXҩСŮľ񣬰1ʵ棬Եĸ1ʵĽ
ʵ鲻˳СŮЩˣʱڿ²ɶԽĸ졣
1ʵ壬ƺСŮȽ׽֣ӦвŶԡ
ɹˣСŮ1ʵԼУ
ЩӵֻƬУѿһЩؼϢѹջǸһֵϤУԭǵʵ1ʵ壬ҲڵĹһʱ䡣
һУ㻹ӡ𣿡
תͷգʵ
ǵˣֻһЩϤĸоǼȫûйĶкܶණǲˡ
ҡҡͷһ˿㯵ɫ
յҷռ䣬ҿǱҩǿĨȥ˺ܶļ䣬ҩϾܰٷְٵЧʱһЩĵյǼĨȥȫ
۲һյ飬˵
ҲôΪģǰ˶ùҩһЩ顣
Ʒɵ˵ͷʾͬĹ۵㡣
ʵһй¶ȥɼĶһֱʵĽ֮һĵӰ幥ĳ棬ĽҲǼпܵġ
ձ֮ȫ̶ҩĿ£1ʵĽӴʼһֱҩӰ½еģܹһ˿Щ΢ļϤУߵʱȽǿҩﲻȫЧ
оǸӲϵϵʱڷǽǵĹͻȻһֵĺ˻ͷһԭǴƬɫҺӹ˳
ֻһӵʱ䲻ѾӹʧˣȻߵľͷĵ˵꽫ĵط
Ϊģֵò䣬ԲŻ
ߵ˷һǣϸĹ۲һ̨̨ǸģѾȫֹͣתˣӻ벹ơ
˱֮ʵΨһĶˡ
ĵ˵ͷ
Ϊʿ¾ɵġ
һ˵


447 Բ
1ʵˣţǾʲôĹҶӡ
ӲУ¼ǸռǵʵԱһʱֻ¼ǵļ仰Ǵһ仰пԿʵҵĻһʵشĹϵ
ЩʵԱ1ʵɱˣʵҲ˱ˡ
Ʒ겻ѵ̾˿
ƾˣֻǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻ裬ҲʵĹгʲôɡ
ҡҡͷתͷ˶㿴һﻹʲôֵռϣռ֮Ǿ뿪ɡ
һСʱһȺ뿪ɽߵʱ߳ɽעֱۣһͨɽϣʯͷ̴ͨͨ׵Ķ
Զɽаɡ
һʯͨת뿪ˡ
ȵǻص˱ʱ򣬿³һѾˣ֪ȥˮҲҲټ̶̵ļСʱ֮󣬾ʣһȺ˻
ǽסһϣǱ߻һЩõķ䣬һٳɽ
ҹɽ߱ȽѣȻ˲ںһ㣬ǴҶûʲôҪ飬ҲûбҪôɽˣúõϢһϡ
ڶһ磬ڶĴɽؾƵʰ֮󣬳ɻֱӷ˺ڻתȥķɻ
ʮ֣һѾٶվ˶ϣͬǣһǻһ˻ǱǴƸȳա
գ͸ƷȥҵĹ˾˰ס£ѧӦִû¾ͶȥߣһҪǮĻ͸Ʒ˵
һ֮Ʒɺͷ˴һ뿪ˣ۵ĻأƱǻص˼С
һʱ鶼ǳĶ࣬ҲǺܾöûкúõϢһˣͼŮһʱҲѵпеʱ䣬Ʊȥ˺ܶĲˣ׼ڼһٷʢĴ͡
֮󣬼ŮѵúһٷϯһƬ֣㽲ѧУȤ£ôЦǰƽ˪ļҲѵõһ˿Цա
㿴㶼ûڼҺһԷˣö˵Ц
һӵĲ˸ֵİһ۵
ҲڼأȷǶһ㣬Ҳûа취ܲôֻȥˡ
εʼ磬ڵİڷ
𣬿ǧһ쵽ڼ˾͵óȥһУһ쵽ڼĶҷϡ
ر˲һĹ۵㣬һЦ
̫æҲУûʱڼȱҲа
㷴
ôˣ
شȤЦ
ȥģ
ϽһӵĲˣֱصĵͷȥСڵĳŷ
ˣʱæ꣬ʱȥúõһ棡
˰֣Ц˵
ѽʱ򿴿ȥ棬ͲҪˣ̫ƽܻ鷢
ͬ顣
̫ƽôˣ
ֵ̧ͷʵ
϶ųˣˣ첻ڶǸţ˹˾֮УµĹ˾⵽˸ֺ͹ӦЩ
ҧſ˵ҵҲСȻص˻ģʱֶ̫ܶΣܰǱƵϵˣȻҲʲô򵥵ĻɫҿһεҪһʱˡ
ԭЩʱһӰˣҪ˵ʲôʧ˼˵ǶǾţһëʱƴһҲܺ˰벽
ĵ˵ͷһ˿ɻɫҵŸսѵŵ鷳ûǲΪЩС鷳ˡ
Ϣһҹúõĥһ񽣵񽣵ĲٿѾԽԽˣսõѾԶˡ
ڶϣ緹֮뿪ˣֱӿͺȥŴãôʱ򣬲ŵԱûпʼϰ࣬ܲȴѾ˰칫
ôˣ˵뿪ȥ𣿡
̧ͷ߽Цʵ
ҪǲǶ˵鷳飿
緹ߵƵİ칫ǰһƵСӡ
˼ҲΪЩС鷳ʲô㰡
§Ц˵һ鶯ŵĺӡ
޲С࣬㲹ӣ˳ȥȥ
˺ӣ¶˱ǵࡣ
̫ˣýû緹أ
ƾϲףڴڵĺࡣ
ԣû˸
Ƶ㷢һ˿ۣƹôһţ滹ķֹ˾ÿҪĹǺܴġ
ÿ꣬Ŵأ
ҡҡͷһߺһ۾ǰĵĻ
ߵһԣֹص˵ʾĵԴťԡ
ôˣ
ֵĿʵ
ȸңʲô
ƽʵ
ûʲôϴµңͨ;ǣŪһǶǵ֤ݣǵʦڳƤأ
Ƶ˵
ȴóڹؾᣬҿ϶ôʵʵţп϶кܶ˵ֶΣֻûиˡ
Ҳȥ˽ô߰飬Ȼôʶ࣬Ҳֻܺúõôһ֪Щǲǵġ
Ҫȥһ˹㶫ˣúõļʶһңʲôƿôš
ȻһЦƺҶ˵ʲôзĵˡ
ʵҲȷˣȻھ綼Щڹ㶫Ҳܴ󣬿˵ǵͷߣûʲôԺԡ
ĶֶKing֯ͺЩԵĴ֯ʵǿ֯ڱ֧ţЩ֯ǲʲôٻķۡ
ǲҪ˰ɣ㶫Ǳ߿ҵĵͷǿѹͷߣǱȥ鷳ˡ
ƵǵĿСҲס˫֡
ʲôطẦһߣʹˣ
ЦҡҡͷһƵС֣ҪЩС⣬ҲûʲôϵìܣֻҪЩ˾УҲƴһģϾҵҲɵ
һ֮뿪ţҲû֪ͨʲôˣֱһȥ˻һݵķɻʱѾˡ
Ҳһҵλ
ͨ˶ĵ绰ת߽˻ϴּ䣬ͳŸ߷αװĤ


448 ֱ
һӺ󣬴ӻϴּ߳УҲûӰ·ôʧϴּʵѾø߷αװĤò׵ĸıˡ
ҵ˼ȻôţҴӹ㶫ֵȥͼȾָŵĶ֮֮ҪŵĻǾϸŵˡ
ַҵ𣿡
óֻٴβͨ˶ĵ绰
ѾҵˣͼѾֻˣҪԮ𣿡
Ǳ̻ص
ˣһСѣһ˾Ϳˡ
һЦҶ˵绰˻ֱӴһ˵ͼб־Ǹ㡣
λƳ̳ǲܽƬģ֮ҪԼ߽ȥ
ϣʦӺӾһ۱ĿںЦ˵
Ϊʲô
۾źӾʵ
ΪƬסĶȨڹֻȨƵ˲ƬӣЩܳˣĴžͻᱻģסҲС
ʦЦŽһ
סˣҲܽȥ
üͷʱ΢΢һ塣
ǵģʵҲ򳵻ȥģǶԼרŵ˾ͨһҪؼأ
ʦԳһЦҡҡͷ
ã֪ˣ︽ĵطͣɡ
΢΢˵ͷлı˫ۡ
ȥ˰µİɣ
ʦĴӺӾһۡ
ǵģҪúôܽȥˡ
һ̣ڼ˵ˣʦҲʶȤûжʣôĬĬĿųԼһСʱĹ򣬳ѾһƬǳߵıΧ
޽ĺÿһȫͬķɽˮõĸޱȣһۿȥһƻֺĸо˾һš
ͣɣ
Ŵɳ۵ķ羰ͻȻ˵
뿪Żһء
ʦɻʵ߲ǱΧǽڣǰŴŵ꣬ͣô졣
õģôͣɣ
΢΢һЦǮŰԪʦˣ
³ȥӰƳ̳ʦεҡҡͷתͷ뿪˱ɽӲ⣬Ȼһ뿪ˡ
ȵ⳵ʦ뿪֮ҹ۲һû֮һѾ˱棬ߴ׵դ˵ϵͬͬ衣
յͼеָʾܿҵҵǶһͨô󣬲ںųڹֻңլۡͿɼһˡ
վס˭
ԶԶ˹Ҵſڵľֺֹ߳ǰĽŲ
ҵˣҪȥͨһ
һЦͣ˽Ų˵
Сӣ͹ȥҪѰģﲻĵط
һͷŵĴһ¶һĵ顣
ͨͨͿԼʲôǿǵģҾҲֻǸŵĶѡ
ûȤ;߶죬˵һͱ͡
ţǽȥͨһ
Ǹ뿪˵ʱ򣬱һȴסȥͨȥˡ
ӵʱ䣬Ǹֻˣϴһ˿ɫȻõ⣬첽˹Ȼʲôû
Ȼյ˴ſڣЦſˡ
ĳСӣȥҽ첻ͣ
ĿѾľ֮ϣȻڵлĽѵһ۵ˣͨʱѾõ⡣
ΪĴľԱȻǲµģõ˼⣬ôֳ飬˸ǲƨɣĴĵ
ЩµˣŻΪ˼ƴΪ֪ǲܻЩƴˣֻҪ淢ˣôɣȻܷļ
ͣ
һЦϵıͻȻһң浱ԼʲôҵҪǲľͽȥˣ
Ҳټ˵ʲôһ粽ѾֱӴ˽ȥֻһҶѣ浱Լҵլ̶ۡѨͨһֻǸӶѡ
ȻƲԳԷƣôҲͲװǻˣֱӿʼӲȥҪʲô취ܶԸԸˣҪǸС
ʲô
ΪͷĴ壬ټڹݾҲһҵլۡרŵķӱԼҵķΧڷػǺܵģҪӲլֳۡľ˹ǰ
ͣҲͣľôֱǰȥҽһ̧ôһ˹ȥҲЩҪ˷йһ£ЩʿȻǲԹ޵ģϾִֻԼְˡ
Ҳ˲ôˣֵֻʱ΢һ㣬ҲЩʿܵģʱȻ˴ȥҽԺơ
ͷһʿһž߷˳ȥһõ;Ǹʿ˺ǺܴʿҲɵˣû뵽ţȻܵҵլۡ¡
ȵǸʿʱѾʿһʹ˹ȥֵܲ£ǲ˺Щͨ˵ġ
֪ͨı̹Ԯ
ѾȥˣǸʿ̴ʧɫͳһԽʼĽк
ʱѾլۡſڣ˻û߽ȥһ긾Ůܻ˵˵ŵĹǸŮѾʼŭ
㲻书׿ˣſҲ׾ʵ̫ˣɵüͷ
ΪʲôȥΪʲô¾ôˣҶӱ˴ʲôӣѵһûгԹֿҪϢʱ©˳ȥҶӻôȥˣ
긾ŮЪ˹Ĵе
ʲôطСеʲôӣ
һ˻˳ֹ˸ŮĽк
ҵˣѵǾͲҵѵΪĹױҶӳ飬ǾôŲʣʲô˼첻ѻ˵һҪˣ
Ůʼˣؽе
ʲôǲŲʣѵǱߵ鲻Ǽڴ𣿷ƾһ֧ʲôŵĶҪ֪ôҲ̫Űˣ֪Էĵϸô˼ңûѾˣ
Ǹ˵ִ˳˵ĻüͷһҲȫǲˣȻһڼԸţôͲôȥˡ


449 ڴ
˴ҲЩ˵ķϻֱһƿլۡĴţôֱ˽ȥԶѾ׷ľһĻʱʧɫµĲܵĸˡ
ŵĴвҵУһž޴ĺľϣϵķλŵһλϡˣȻʱ˿û˵һı飬ƺǳĲˡ
˵࣬һʮĸˣʱҲһı飬վһˣһǸˣʱϳȥµ档
ʱһίվĸ׵ߣһ۸Сڳǰָŭԣֻôίվĸ׺ͳۡ
ʱ˽ʱһ˶תͷȻû뵽ҵլۡȻ˲ֱͨӽҪ֪ЩҵĵϵҪҲþͨһС
أʲôȥˣ˴˽ţǶǲǣ
긾Ůתͷ߽òʮֵİɲܽʲôˣڹݵһĶֵϣþˣҲùԹԵĵͷˡ
Ϲлʲôûһˣ
긾ŮǸɫһŭһ֮תͷķ򣬲Ҫ˵Щʲôֱӻ׷ľǲýˡ
ǺãҶĿˣӦòǺܻӭɣ
΢΢һ̣ĿѲһȦڳеˡ
ȻԼǾ͸Ͽ˵ʲôܱܿ嵽ȻҲһͨˣҲ˭ܴģ㲻õĽֻܸͣһѵˣ
ǸĿһǴûֱӷ˵ݣһ˵ѾǸӵҪˡ
ȻôѾĴӶϵΪ˸Ǻúõ˵һΪԭΪʲôԶĹأ
ааһЦһ˿⡣
ǴӶģ
̾ĿǰڶΨһйڵţʱӶһˣֱӴҵլۡʲôѾǺ֮ˣŵˣ
ҾŵˣιҪҸ˵ǲ֮便Ҫô⣬Լǲʱɵʧһ⳥
ĵ˵ͷǰһȺ˾ͬһЩĿ˵ĸо
Сӣҵĵͷ̸⳥⣬ôɳ񾭲
һҵ˶ʱЦڿһ񾭲
񾭲˭ָҴӶǹأɵСӣǱŵˣϽɣûȤһ񾭲˵ʲô
һҵͬһЦ־Լȥ
ȰˣȻ̸֮ǰ⡣
ϷǸүӣʱͻȻ˵׼뿪
ţүȲҪߣҿɸһɣ
ȴͻȻס˼뿪үӡ
תүӶʱͣ˽ŲϹһ˿ŭΪҵļԭȻǲЩëƤС£ô󱲶ڴ˴ȻҪЩ󱲳ˡ
ҵĺ󱲱˴ͷҼҲǲʹģڶԷһδɵңжʱҲ޷ѹǹŭ
ˣ͹ȥҪʲôûŵ鷳ѾҪллˣȻҪʲôֱǲ֪ν
תү˵
ܸһôҾҪԼֻˣϣÿҪʱڣҿѾǻˣͨ˲ٸ˵ڶλᣡ
ǵЦݣȻôʶ࣬Ҳ˵ʲôˣʱȭͷӲ˵ʲôǶǷϻ
һˣʢô꣬û˸ô˵ǵһ
ү͵һӣŭЦĿеâѾ͸һ˿ɱ⡣
Ȼүô˵ô̬ҲͺȷˣҲһǾԼûһ
ĵ˵ͷתͷֱӿվһԵ棬Ϭʱŵ΢΢һ棬ڶʲôԼɣ˵˵˸ô㣿
ŵˣһûأҴǸӣǼﳤȰ裬ͱȥˣֵõװʲôβǣ
Ȼʶڵӣǿһ˿Īľ壬ڳĶҵˣ˵ʱŵٴν
ţһڹļ壬ΪôûģȻҶ֣ǲ֪ڹһɾͣΪ˹һţ
ϵ긾ŮӵĿһ·˵Īһ㣬ϵǹɰֱֱ
ԼĶӾʲôĸ׵Ҳʲô£ŶֱǼľ飬ʱ˿϶վһߣԶԸŵˣҲÿʲôмΪܡ
ȻǾ֮ܣֻ죬ϻ̫ǲ˽Ķôһʵ͸ѹֹ˶˵Ϳ⸱Уҵĺ·ҲͿ֪ˡ
жȻ˿֮ɫһǿͻĴɢ˳ҾҪԼΪȡһѾǣԼûϧ
䣬ҵ˻ûлعʱƾһӣһĶѾڴڻϸһĸײ֪ʲôʱұߵѾ߸ߵȻղһľˡ
Ϊһĸף̾ĴĶӽΪĸжĴ󡣡
Ŀһĸףƽ˵
ʲôȻҴң
һ긾ŮʱҲ˲ΪʲôմһˣѾȫŭˣ͵һվͳ˹
ž
һӣһ긾Ůϣ긾Ůһֱˤһԡ
֣㻹ܲˣȻڹݵĵͷϴҵˣҪǴ˳ȥҵԺô˰
긾ŮЩûмãڵϴĿ޺ߵն߸ߵһѱһӣҲ֮ǰ˿İˡ
裡
æ˹ȥ׼ӽĸ׷ȴĸһ˿עһȴǶķ˹


450 ȥ˫
΢΢ǰһֱӾס죬ʱŵʧɫ뵽֮ǰڶͷıҾ
ӱץˣ긾ŮҲ˼үӿ֣һµ
ʲôҶӣȻҲŹģ
ʱ긾Ů˼̧ҵͷѹ
ǳ׵ʧˣҪηҵͷҲͲһ˹ˣȻҪúõĸһѵ
棬Լ˵˵Ҫô㣬Ż᳤ԣԺ󲻻ôŰأ
Цſ棬еһЩסڵʱЩҲʮֵľ֡
ſңң
߶˫ȣѳϧ˵ֱǲֵһᣬôҲܴѳ
Ŷҵ뿴ôģ
һЦȭһգһȭʹĶϣʱ˶۵һϺӣѾȫˣǳĳª
£ңɲ
үŭһ뷢ţŵоѾ׵ļŭˡ
ûпүһֻۣû˵۾ֱֱֻǶϵ档
ķʵʵĴڼҪȥ鷳Ҫǹܲס㣬ǹܹҲûϵģһᶼǳˡ
ס֣Ҫʲô
үһ˿ͷҲֻܺˣԼȥһ£ֱӲɢǰϹͷ
ڳҲóȻǰմ긾ŮƣǿɶǿģһȻȺܹͨǵģʱɱ
˵ˣеҲһ飬ڳľкü˿긾Ů浹ùϹһ˿ײϲܿڸȥֱһߵα顣
ҲûиֻԺģұҵĻ飬ڳ˶ǺĵĳԱүҲЩ书Ļ뿪ˣϾҵլۡҲʲô״
˭ϵȻʱڳһʱŭԣǲͷ࣬Ȼ׺úǰôĵ
ĿһۣһֱӰһˤǿĹԶʱһʱĿѣֲ嶫
ڼúõŰɣôҲںһˡ
˵һ䣬ҽһ̧ϥǹؽھͲȥ
󵨣
һͻȻſڴ˽һӰȰ˴ڣͬһ죬׼ȥҽš
ù򣡡
̲˵һ䣬ҽŶʱһߣֱӲĽűǿʱ緢ǸѾҽ΢΢Ťһ·򣬱ܿ͵һȡ
һЦҽŸֱͬӲ˵ҽϣаһ⣬ʱȻ˹ļƲˡ
ʱѾ̫ˣҽűҽôһߣʱʧȥ˿ֱӲϣջҽţϡ
ǲȺȻӵʹţͷһ͹һźϥǹͬʱѵľʹĸֱʧ
źһ֮һɴ˹ȥ
ǵӰ֮һվĶ棬Ŀ
ʦһҪúõĽѵһˣʵ̫ˣȻ飡ԲܷŹ
˽ˣڳ˶ʱһһ˵ƺмڳ֮˵ͻȻֻصϡ
ʦ־ؽָ֣רΪ˱ҵҪҲһֱүߵڣʵÿһ֧ԼĸֻԺֹ˰͵Ϯ
ǰƽͷˣǳĵȻԷղźһΣʵѾİ˾ŲʮˣȻѾ磬ʵҪ
ԷȻҲһ㣬򲻻Ŀͳֳʤˣһֱվﲻͣع
ڳ˶û䣬Ȼǲ֪⣬һԲϵĹĶʦȥѵҪһ˿ʣǰʧܵľ档
ӣ
긾ŮʱһҽУĵߣԲѵ汧˻ϵĻ壬֪˻ΪѾˡ
ղһ£ǳ׵ĽȸˣϥѾԹۣûĿܣ°뱲ֻڴϺ϶ɹˣȻҵװõļ֫ûġ
֫ϾǼ֫ôҲܺԼȣ·ʲôĸǲ˵ˣԶҲָԭˡ
ȻȻа취Ƶģûĵȣٸκõĳ̶ȣΪ˸һĽѵҲ֪ŵĸо
үĶһ¶Ѿұ˾·ǵǲиˣһǷֻܲˡ
֣㻹ܲˣȻŴҶӵȣҪѪ
긾ŮĿţȴûǰ壬Ѿ֪ǾԲĴģʱȥֻ˷۱ԼҲȥ
һѪҵҪôѪģ
һ䣬εѹ긾Ůȫ긾Ůʱͬס˲һ㣬ԭֵͣҲôȻֹ
ˣһߣպô򵥵ĵ㲻᲻ɣ
־ݣҲǾ֣û뵽ͻȻðôһʵµˣȻǶ֣Ҫֵƣæ˵
ĸְɣȰ㻹ǲҪҵ˻ˮ书زҲףǺΪ֮ɣ
Ŀһ־ͬˣ׵ĽӣϾԷ֪ûͬźѣһԺ󱨸ǱȽ鷳ġ
Ǯƣְ֣ҵ£Ҳûа취飬ôҹȥҸһΣ
־ҡҡͷֱֱĿ˵
У㵽ҵˣǸ˴ͨˣȻҪôҹȥ鲻ŪҾǲưոݵģ
긾Ůһ⻰ʱͲˣָ־ıһͨ˲Ͱ־λͬһˡ
˵Сһ㣬үӺ˵ҲǿͿģʲô
־ʱɫһתͷĿ긾Ůһۡ


451 
־ôһ˵긾ŮʱЩĵͷȥʱǰʦүӻ˺ܶ˼ĸ֣ɲָܹʹáġ
۾ת긾Ů˵Щʲô־ʱ־Ѿתͷֿ˵ԶǸ긾ŮҪֵע⡣
ʱԳүӵ֮ˣŮҪôķͼʶ˸ִˣʱһ־˵ҪһĻ̾е˼
־нҵʱ򣬸߿ʮͷô־Ϊҵҵţڰ˺ͣЩүﶼһġ
ʱ־ǰѾзƣ˵Զ־Ҫĸ֣һĶ֣־Բ˵ֳ־ԼĻ
֪һ㣬үʶȤû˵Ǳװƣû뵽긾ŮʱȻ־ӲƴүӶʱкݺݵĵ긾Ů
֪긾Ůʱֲ֪ЩʲôȻûע⵽үӵֻԹԵĵͷǱ߲˵һ顣
ô֪ҵܲܿһ
־첻˵ʱʮֿһ䡣
һҲûʲô⣬εдȣ׾棬Ҫº⳥ŵһʧһưոݵģ
Ŀ־һۣǿѹʱɢ˳ʱ򲻵긾ŮˣڳȫܵϴĿѹһʱɫ
ǲǲ֪л书˴ڣû뵽Ȼȴ书׿δǸδɵСӣ뵽Ȼ˲¶ࡣ
ãһúõȰ˵үӣʱΪֹɣ
־Ҳ΢΢ɫ֪ҵһȺˣҲûа취书ֶɲ̳϶թƭɻȥģ̫ʱ򣬸޷תġ
ʵγΪôˣ϶ֵģҽô鷳Ҳᳵ·ˡ
뵽һ֣չֳʵд󾪣ȻǸԶ֮ϵ׿֣ʵ֮ǿ˼ĵز
̶ȣû˻ɵӣֻҪʲôû˻׵һָ֣Ҫ˵־Ķ֣׵Ļ־Ҳ׵־
һأԷպıͻǳ鷳õǣܲ鷳ʱ򣬾Ҫ鷳һҪ֣һҪĳףǧˮ
նݲ紵־ףһ
Ϊ˲ŻǵͣûмԸ棬־Ҳѵסûʹ̬񻯣˫ʱ˺ͽ⡣
󾯸Ŀһڳҵˣת뿪ҵլۡš
ʦô
ȵ뿪֮үӲſһСʵ
ǵģүӣҿȷ˵ҲĶ֣˽Ҫɱ䣬»ᱻŸϾɱûһܵĳȥ
־ĵ˵ͷʮֵء
ǷᣬҴɱ𣿣
һǿſ˵ղڵʱŵðֶ˵ڵðͷ
޴ںɵƲãҾºץˣôҵѾˣ˭ǣͽǵϷָɾˣ
үһŭ⣬ɸֵĵǸһۣԺǶעһ㣡ˣܹͷ䣬ǧҪһʱ֮ܣøʬ޴³
ǣүӣ
һ˶ʱΨΨŵŵ˵֮УүӻžԵȨģĻû˸Ҳ
ȥ˿ϥϵˣξΣξͰȾˣȻװһ֫ɣ
үӿһ۵ڵص긾Ů̾˿˵ŵ飬ҪúõĿһ£ʱǾ͸ԻȥҰĴţ˭ҲٸʲôҲȲǣ
淢飬Ѿȥôˣߵſڵʱȴֱſڲ֪ʲôʱ˼һžǹʵվýſڶ
һЩ˵·ͼ£֪ⲢͨǾⲿţһǲģֻڽӵϼָʾʱ򣬲ŻӲִ
ʱһģˣǰһһеļƺʲôϢһ㣬ϸĺ˶֮󣬲̧ͷֱֱĿ
ӱͤдУסլݻľӹҪ߽ܵ飬ֱȷûκв֮󣬾ͻὫͷţ
Ǹƽ˵ƺںһĵҲǲһͨ˼̣ŵˣʲô˼
ɲһˣһ׶˵ûʲôá
ƾЩˣ
ĿһվһŵľˣƽЦһǸ١
Ȱ֪Ȥһ㣬ǿɲ￴ŵͨˣκζйͼˣǶȨֱӻУº⣬º˵𣿣
ٵȻһ䣬䣬վŵЩ˾ˢˢľеǹֱֱָͳһǹ˨ʱпܿǹ
£ҵ뿴һˣôһУ˵⼸ССϺɳһǿҲһ˵ұˣ
һЦмĿһǰԲѵľ١
ס֣߰ɣ鲻ǹʡ
ʱү˵־Цæ˳˴ſڣʱаһ⣬һɱһߺſڵǸ˵
ʦѾҵ˽ˣ漰˾Ӹ߲㰲Σ⣬ǲܾôߣҪȥúõĵһС
ٿһ־Ϊ׽ͤһˣȻʶ־ͷŸֵģͤǸôҵˣҲֻô˵ˡ
Ȼ־ͤ˵־ܲʱҲֻȡˡ
ãȻѾ漰˾ӵ飬һȻöʲôǵǰɣ
־ҲԷ̧˾ӵͷȻǲٶ˵ʲôҲҵһָ֣ӵҲǣȥһ仰˵̵ͷߣû˿ԥ
־ܰɣ
ȵ־뿪֮󣬾Ŀ˵


452 
ȷܶԸң
ͷЦһ䡣
ץ
ٸĻֱӻ˵
⻰һڣʿûж֣Ѿˣױֵ˹ݵĵؽ磬Ų˭˭ҵĵ˭͵óĹҪߣҲÿԼûʵ
ȵͻȻˣǸв֪²ˣΪٶ̫ˣҲû뵽»Ҷ֡
һСģǵһģӱȺݺݵһţһɲᣬȻû׼ɱˣҲ˺ù
ʹһƺߣշɳȥüԶصĵ˵ϡ
žأ
촫ûǸѾʿǵھٷɳȥûصʱѾЩʿȫŵˡ
ŵǹʱѾȫצץɿĲһոǿǹַҲǰЩҪĶࡣ
ôĵӣȻҹȻϮӣˣҡ
Щŭͷ𣬶򵨱һ׼úһϣǻ˵һ룬ȴʱ˿һˡ
һֻ־ôͻأĳĲϣһͽ
ҲϲɱˣǵΪѾŭңǹһҪǱҾͽͨͨɱˣҪңҲһٶǣ
Ŀűľ٣ľ˴ʱѾеǹָȴҿǹһͽٵĲˡ
ǵɫͨ죬˫ץ֣Լһ˿Ŀ϶з֮⣬ʣµȫ𺳣ǰʵǿס
ʵҲǿԵˣھҲǰéǾȻĶѾܵһͿˣһǿĴǲС
һ˵֮ҲٺЩ˼ȥһ˦ͽֱӵһȺʿǰҲЩһۣôԹԵˡ
Щ˷˾٣ʹһɫ֮΢΢еǹ˼ҪҪǹ
ѹסǵеǹŲ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ʵԶǵѾͨͿԶԸˣǰһذǹ֧㲿вεĿЦ
οҪҸõĽڻȥˣңǾʲôˣ
֧ӣкʰ˵ϵһ˿ųٵ뿪ңϻؾȥ㱨ˡ
ʱүҲ֪ſڷ飬־ղŷصʱѾһһʮĶ˵ˡ
˵ʲôСӵ˶ֱӴ򣬻вǣ
긾ŮŵĿ־ƺ˵Ļ
ôҪƭ𣿡
־תͷһ׳ͷ긾ŮԽԽ긾ŮˣǿүӵϣҲȥˡ
ںŽֵʱʹЩֶΣһһʮĶ˵аҾͰҲϣ
үͻȻתͷǸ긾Ůкһغȵ
ھЩԾˣֻͨҵϵĽ֣ԷλɳôһǣУʹʲôֶΣڶԷѾòôȥˡ
ĻүӾͱһһʮ֪оദԵİ취ȥûȨͻŵҽһͿء
Ȼεʧܲʲô̫ʧǴ˳ȥϾԺҪڹ㶫ĵؽȥôһǻñ˿Цġ
Щˣ뿪˱ܿͽһƳָ̳ȥ˻ʱѾص˶ͺջؼȥˡ
һĹѾȥ˹ݣ˾ҵˣٶȿ˲ţʵ㹻ǿ󣬾ôסѾǲԶİǱ۵ʲôطˡ
⻹ֻţС԰ˣǰʱȫʢʱڵʵ˵һССң򶼳ܲŭ
֮׼ʰһڼȼŮ˴ѧУʱ򣬵绰ͻȻ½ĵ绰
½ϸ磬ʲô飿
һ˳һЦʵ
ϵܣ˴Ҫһˣп𣿡
½Ǳ˺ܶ࣬ƽʱ˵ʱЦӺܲһ
õģھ͹ȥŰСʱ͵
һ֪ǱʲôﵽˣҲЦҶ˵绰֮뿪˼ͺնʱʻСֱӳø˹ȥ
½İ칫֮ʱѾˣһ½һλ˺һˣû£Ǿôͦصվͷӵ
½ûڰ칫ϣСͷߵɳϣʱ¶һ˿΢Цվ
ʱ˺˵ĿҲеϣĿ͸¶ǿѹʱ΢΢һȻһ
׳Ŷֲ¡
½֮СĽһλˣǸûнܡ
λ£ƺʶλ
΢΢һЦȻԷʵҲܵһЩѹɲΪЩͱþнôôЩʲôûЩСưˡ
½ЩĵĿһۣϲûŭ⣬Ե˿˾ʲôݣľͷյȨˡ
ϴȥִ񣬽˳Ĵ˻ģж֮ıУǳͷҲЩ棬ξرһǼȷ˲
½Ϊ׳˿Ц˵ûʲôЦ⣬ЩƤЦⲻЦӡ
ЩֻЩС°ˣֵһᣬ׳ΪЩСֲ
˰֣һҲںӡ
ǵȷһЩС£ӵǿӦһЩ춯ص飬ĴʱҪ˲š
ʸôƺ
͸¶ѹǿȻ˲ûͷϢĸоѾ̺ĻɽһӴ֣صһ䡣
Խࡣ
ɫƽ˵ֱֱĿĿûһ˿ƫơ
ࣿǣ
ɻĿһ½
˽һˣŵĸ߶սбһ˵ǱеһԱǵȫǴ档
½æһ


453 ֮
Ÿ߶սǣ
жʱһݣаһǿʵŹȻиִڵģֻЩƽʱٴڸصķֲǸҪ
ǰˣû˵˵ĴڣǶǵһ˵ǾǿһˣȻֻǸ˵һ˵жߣѾǲԶˡ
ŵˮµԶԶû̽ŵĵףиСĽʵδǿһزʱǧ¶ʲôţñŶʲô顣
Ȼ£˼ϣôԺ»Ƕвģһ߾裬µҪڱŵܶ顣
ԭ֣ʧǰûǵͷʱҼ𻹲ɣλңʲô飿
˵ͷǱǵһԱҲ̫⣬ʵ˵ĵطȭͷӲҲôˣΪʵ
һϣȿ
ĿһۣΪƴһû뵽ôɴľʹӦóһϼе˹ȥ
˾ͽ㣿
ϼеĵһۣ;ȵĽгһϵƬʾǸƬȻ˾ͽ㡣
˾ͽ㣬ԭ˾ͽʵھѧͶǱߵһֱڶңѾתѧ˶ѧ˵Ϊĳ˵ԵʣǲǾͲ֪ˡ
ƽ˵ȴǳһ˿Цζ
ҲǺҿ˾ͽϸʲôֻ֪˾ͽҵͷСǾʲôҲǺ
һ߿ϣһɻʵ
˾ͽҵͷ֪ĺ˾ͽϻűܣҪӽȻЩȫգǽ񡣡
˵ͷ
һˣΪ
˾еʵ
Ϊ¡
϶ĵ˵ͷû˿Цɫ
˾ͽ㻹ǲˣѵ˵ʱҲűԭ򣿡
Ŀһ˾ͽϣüͷ΢΢
ǾͲ֪ˣ֪ʲôĻԼȥɣټϱڱȫ֧㣬϶ǻҵӦĽ취ġ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
һҪΪǸ˾ͽ㲻Ǹ򵥵һҪСһ㣬ǧҪˡ
׳΢΢һЦһ֮ͻվ½͵⣬˾ô뿪ˣʮӺ½һ˷˰칫ңʱ￴˾ͽϡ
ʾ˾ͽСʱʼѾʾȫԽ˵ĵطǽӴһңңȵĵһ黭ʫʸ踳ڸ涼չֳ˾˵츳
ھͶĸ߲Ȧڣ˾ͽǹϵŮ񣬲ֻòŮ񣬶ĵ˫ܰŮò˵ͬʱӵںѹʱյʱĹӸ綼¶һࡣ
ܹôһŮ񱧻ؼУǶôһˬ飬ôޣ򸴺
뵽֮ǰ˾ͽļ棬һʱ˼УǸʱȻͷ˾ͽʵͦǿģû뵽Ȼŵע⣬ҿ׳ģƺ˾ͽ㻹һ˿ɵ
Ҳ֮ǰһҪСĽˡ
ô˾ͽأ
½ϵɳЦʵ׳뿪ָֻ֮֮ǰʵģ
ţ˾ͽҲʶֻǸʱû֣Ȼô
˵ͷ˾ͽ׵ƬһʱĬ
֪׳Ϊʲôһ𣿡
½Ҳһ˾ͽƬʵ
ţ½ϸ翴֪Щʲô
Ц̧ͷ½Ļһǻл˼
֪Ĳ࣬Ͼ˾ͽǰҲҸģھ飬Ҳֲܣֻ˵һЩѡ
½˵ͷ˵ǰžɳüλſ׼ȥӴ˾ͽ㣬˾ͽ϶ЩſɫǰЩſȴڲ֪бԻˡ
飿
ʱȵüͷѡſ㲻㵽˼㣬ҲǺܲЩ˾ȻԼͬ˾ͽϣ˾ͽ㻹ͦ򵥵ġ
ʱڱڲһ㷴죬ֱӽ˾ͽץúõһձ˷ˡ
½˵
Ϊʲô
ֵʵľ˾ͽʲôĻֱץȷǸ⣬Ͼ˾ͽǿҲǱŵĶ֣ȻҲͲôϸˡ
֪ʲô˾ͽȻǿ󣬵ǻŷɵ˾ͽ㱳ǸĶ֣˾ͽһԶԶ𡣡
½һ˵
˾ͽ㱳ص
ЩԾˣ˾ͽұѾǿˣ˾ͽ㱳ȻŶ׵Ĵݾߡ
ţֻǵƲ⣬ʲôʱȷЩҲֻż˵Ҳһ飬̫ϸĶҲǺ
½˵ͷ˾ͽ棬֪ӡΣ
һŮˣԲǶʮͷĹһһμʱվۻϣǸʱѾˣ书ҲܲһҺ֡
һ˵
ʲô
½ʵɻĶǲģǵһοʲô¶ȤɫƽʱЩ书ؼҲǺӡ
֪½ϸ֪֪֮
һ󣬿½ʵ
֮ʲô
½һȷԼû˵ֶ
ô˵أֻϲŻֵһϢϢˣǳʺհԵ书ֻҪ书·ˣٶȼһǧ
ܵ϶֮ݲһͽ֮;΢һ
ôһ˵Ļҵ֮壬֮ˣ书֮ʱչȷ٣ǧ꺱Ҳֻٵ伮Ͽʵлû˵ʵˡ
½ʱȻĵͷ˵
֮壬ݵĵҲǽӽˡ
˵ͷ˵ʵ˵ȷǺټһֵĻҲֻǳ˵ϣһΣ֮ȴǳһŮ˵ϡ
Ůˣ
½ʱüͷһ壬˵ĪǾ˾ͽ㣿


454 ʵ
½ϸµĲ˾ͽ㡣
˵ͷһ˿ɫʱȥμվۻᣬھۻϾͷʵ⣬ʱΪԼˣû뵽Ȼģ֮Ů
ʳֵĻҲǳ˵ϣһû˵Ů˻֮ġ
½ɻ˵
Ҳûпܣ֮Ů˵ϣûʲô⹦ѹƣǸŮ˾Իʮꡣ
˵ҲǰŮ˾֮壬ûмʱķֻˣôҲֻᱻɱС
˵Ҳеô㿴˾ͽ⸱ӣӦʲô书
֪У½˵Ѿһ˿˿壬Ҳ͵ɫѾʱһϲͨո书Сˣǽıһʦ
˵֮壬½ԼҲʲô˵ͷͷǵȻ֮йһ˽ģʲô;˽ģ½֪Ȥûȥʡ
ÿ˶ԼܣЩǾԲȥ̽ѰģΪһʱ½зǳȻĹϵȽ׽ҵʦЩʾǲʡ
ʱ˾ͽϣûиܵʲôϢֻΪһͽҪϷʱݵĴ߶ǸʱҲŸ֮ܵҲ֮ϢƽʱϢһֱķǳ
΢˼һҡҡͷ
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Ʊѩ̾Ͳ˳
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װģ˵Цһ֦Ҳ
ûж˵ʲôֻǽıסͷǰͻȻĪ·綼ûٿ˺е
´һٴƴЩӵļ̫࣬»ռԴӳʱȽҪ
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һ˵
ÿµӣ𣿡
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ҿɹܲˣԼҪģôϸҲΪǺĽŮ߱ôŰ书Ҳѽ
Ц⣬ص˿ֱ˳
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ˣһ۸ңߣ
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˾Ʊڳÿһ˶һƣⱭƣͿʼ
ƻҪƶ˸ϿѾ书ȡĿǰļ书һµľ磬ڼŮļƻǰ˲ͬ
ŮУΪߵĵˣƽʱ˪ֻжŻ¶ЦݵıɽˣΪ֮Ѿ֮ҼʹͬУҲһСˣѾ˿ŵĳ̶ȡ
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ƵԲָܾһҲڿ죬֪ʱܽÿʱ򣬶ȫԸȥѧһǳο


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ڰһͨѧˣ¼ƣȵĶͦ׼ģĹҲֻô⣬һϵʱɫ̴䣬֪¸ͷԴˡ
ûкܿٶȣһȼȴǺǿСһ֮£ֱշɳ׵ľ룬صˤľذϣһ޴졣
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ȣ
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Űվ¶һ˿ɫһȻû̫ҲһܹͨܵģôĵӻǺܺõġ
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һϰˣٵĿһЩۼŹģ˺ֱ۵İڷλãܿԵ
ͷβһɢӣ̬ͨ˵ϣǾû˿˵һЩϰԵĶûУһԻ˰ΪǸͨѧ
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ɵĿʵ
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µİˣûǽиһ˹ȻģǾҴġ
ôվԭأһĿ˵
ߣ̫磬ǵϾ͵ɲһĸ֣ЩʲôȭͿֵǱģһ֪ˡ
ӵĿһ
һҪһȿˡ
ν˵ͬĿһۻſڵϲİֻΪ쳣ϾͳȺҹķתĻͻȻ
ӵʱ䣬ʹһʮĽŲŲͿԿ˵ʵĲʱ¶һ˿ȵɫתͷһݵĴš
ܽŲôĳ̶ȣ˵书ѾܲˣһˣȻᱻ££ЩɻĿһٵķ
ߣ֪ǵˣҲûˣ
Ŀ⣬Ϊˣʱһ䡣
ҡҡͷתͷ⣬ʱǸŲݻн׵ľ룬˵Ķܿ죬תۼѾ߽ݣûж˵ʲôֻǶעһ۵ϵİ
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һʮȳƵƽͷ꣬ϵļӦǾˣûһ鸡ļ󣬽µĲҲƽȣʵȸղŵİҪǿܶࡣ
飬СӷǳţղһžͰѰ߷ˣҺúõĽѵһ¡
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һž߷ˣ
ЩȵĿһͰһǴӱһͨˣûһļ󣬵ȴһŰѰ߷ɣǾЩˡ
ʵ֪ģܾô򵥵ı˴ܣϾھϸѵ񶷼ɻʮģȻһžͽˣ
´һôҲӣһͨˣſţ۾Ĵʲôô˵Σˡ
һֻй˷豹ˣŻῴͨһִ˵ǷëһĴڣǰˣȻּĸ֣
һ˿ǣٳٵûг֣ȴǵȲˡ
ڸʲôȥѵʲôҶ㶵ţʲô
һͷֱӺҲֻڱϺһȻ϶Ǵ򲻹ģҲȥֱϾղһ߷˰Ҫ磬ɲȥֿԡ
Ҳڼҹģ
˰飬ͻȻôһ䡣
ڼҹǰɡ
ЦȤĵ˵ͷ
ѾˣҲڼҹģֻڻûѾͻƵĵشͺƱһһĸ֡


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ҹȻµĲڼҹѹְĶ֣ҲˣͲˡ
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ЦҡҡͷͰԵ𣬿书˾ǲһܻȫһӵָܵʾֻΪĳԭʱòίȫѡ
Ȼڼҹĸ֣Һ㶯ҲСˣҿĹ򾿾ʲô̶ȣ
һ˿ս⣬Ͳ󣬵һʵȴ˿͸ʱȤҪһ־жǿ
ãȶְɣղǸȶ֣еĻᶼûУֱſˣҲϣҲ
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鵹û֮ˣ㶨еģ׵ĶŭתͷһˣߵĶ棬˫ȭһ˵һ֣룡
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˱ʵʱ׵ȭͷһ޴Ļң쳣ӲĻңȭͷ·ֱȴվԭغĽһȭ
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һ˿ʧ黹ǲ侲ֻǱ΢һ¶ѣȻȥԶʤԼĶȥӲƴǷǳʧܵġ
Ҳ׼ټȥˣ̽Ҳ͵Ϊֹ
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˵ļﲻûи֣ЩͶȽϴˣʮȻǲôУ԰ģĻҪЦϸѧҪűڡ
Щ˾ˣͨһЩֶΣһŪѧѧʱҲŵĶɹʱˡ
ǵ뷨ǲǴʹڲȥһѧУôſ˵ĵ׶ûȻҲΪ̫ˣԲŻЩçײ
ĿĲҪôֻ΢һѵˣҪأʵʵ˵ѾԴСˣԸôһˣȻò̫ġ
ԺҪǵãҪǱˣΪǵˣܿǲ
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Ҳ˵ͷȴûʲôʧɫ෴һȤı顣
ô˸ʲôѵ˴Ҳ˷
¬İһ۸֡
ⲻǺ˼۸Щͨʲô˼ֻˣĸһ㰡
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ͬһ۸֣ʵǿɶǿˣ鶼ҰȥֻѰ·
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ҡҡͷصЦ
üĸֹУǳģ˽Ե˼ĸ֣ȥˣ϶Բ˶ߵġ
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һɸֵı飬ĵĽ̵һ
ʵǿٵĻһĶְ
Щ⣬ɻĿ¬˵
Ƿˣ˰ÿ˽мһ𲻾˶𣿡
¬ҲӦ˹̼˱С
еÿ˽мʱ͵һȥǸ鷳
۾һʱҲڷӦ˹ʱһƵ
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¬ĻûͷԣղŵʧҲȡ˽ѵ׼Ⱥúõĵףõʱٳͬı硣
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гֵĳϣ˸Ӵߵ˸Ͳһġ
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ҲֻͨӴķʽദͺͬѧദķʽһ޶ȵĴ˾ͽǣͬʱӺ˾ͽ֮ϤУ˽һЩϢҪء
һ磬һڿξͿԷѧʱһͻȻܽ˽ңһۺ󣬾ֱߵǰ
ں˾ͽһûһ˵Żվǰʱ̧ͷһۣһ;죬һ˾ͽǸˡ
ô㣿
üͷһʮֲõĿһǸˡ
仰ѧݵ㡣
Ǹ˱ĿһϾϴʵǾԲֵģһϣҽԺˡ
Ƿһһ˵ĪΪҲҶǶ֣
۾һУ¶һ˿ΣյĹâ
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ȻЩһ뵽ټıʱõˣҲ΢΢ֱȻƺһֲںĸо


461 β
Ըҵļ壿
վӸµĿǸˣ˿ʵ
ԣûپô˵ģֻ֪ͨһˡ
ͻȻõһ飬϶ᷢ飬˵һ仰֮̾תˣһ̵ľʧſڡ
ײĲᣬһȺ֪Ķ
һ˿⣬ֻȥ
ЩӵܶȺ˻ǿԵˣҼΪ˼Ůѣ˼ȫҶŪļĶ棬ЩûгԿ֮ǰһ޷ˡ
˾ͽҡҡͷΪ˾ͽҵˣȻǲΪһ̸ģҲǲмȥЩһģôɫοЩ
ѧֻȥһˣһҪһ̵Ľѵ˱˵ӦҲǹ˰ɣ
ĸ鱾˵
˾ͽһۣҡҡͷû˵ͷԹԵĿ鱾Ȼڿ飬Ըо˾ͽϣԼ顣
ʲô飬Ͳö֪ˣϾҲûаʶ˾ͽԺҸ飬һڿһζܿ͵˷ѧʱˡ
Ҫֳ
˾ͽ㿴뿪ıӰ˵һ䡣
İɣԸȺˣֳǾ˵ҲǷһˡ
ͷҲصЦ뿪˽ҡ

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תͷֵĿһ챻һ߷ɵ飬Щݵ鲻ӦúһŶԵôһ˳
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֪ʲôѾǰ˶ϾˣһսѾˣȷǲٺЩ˻һҵ书ûнƷ½
ҡҡͷɻ֪ʲô⼸һֱڵıӼгһȺ֣ԲܶԸġ
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΢΢һ̣ѹٽôţԭǴӼ˰֡
ЩսˣȫǺݽɫǰֵ˿ԱȵģǶ֣Σպܴ󣡡
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书𣿡
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ȻˣȻΪʲôҪ䣿
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΢΢һЦ飬ԹԵת˹ȥ
ɫһ˸ԥǲӦøһȥһȥĻʲô˵ں˶ϾĹϵǲ˳һʰġ
ǣаնԸЩˣôĦǽֵḶ́ǷǳģһսѾʵҪǿܶ࣬һҪָȻһ֮顣
˽սһһ¶˾ģһ͸󣬼ᶨĳһ˹ȥ
ĽŲа̾һ鵹Ҳ޿ɾҩٻܹϵĺȺ˶ϾϵǰĻᣬиȥץסԣԺ·ҲӵһЩ
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㻹ְȻҹ
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ֻǺĹϵȨʱֹϵӽ쿪ʼ޹ϵͬҵҲҪʣҲѵ
˿ԷȻӴ󣬵ֻһʲôĶˣǴûзС
ӴӴˣһ磬תۼƢûѱ㻹ǳɣʱһ𱻴ĲΣ
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Ҵ磬Ҳû˭磬ǸµĻͰһˣ˵ôϻ
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ˣú˵ô࣬޷Ǿһ֣ҪһϴεĳӣҲҵļвң
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СǺ¼屻ԲŲҿԹԵķѧˣ
ЦĺµĻֻҪҵǰͷģҿλôһôǲǺܺ˵
˵֮¬ĺ͸ҲЦ·Ѿ¹ĳ棬ʱп˲١
ƾ⼸ˣ
߸һۣȻǵϵȷǸеһʮǿϢӦöһЩսˣЩôҲĶ֡
ǼеɳˣɲһķǿɶѷоѵĹӶʵͨ˿Աȵģ
ǳŵ˵ͷҲصһӣһϣҷСӣ˳ǸҲϣǺúõһ£
˵ļ嶼ھ̣ӪͬⶼıȽϴ֮Ѿ˹⣬ҲǼҴҵˣּұȻǱڶּҪĶࡣ
ΪĴǼҲܵƽΣڼιȻĴºǾӶսʿȫҵܴš
ھܵɸѡѡһΪβߵĹӶţӶŵ˳Σյѷѵǲݣͨ־еһһսʿ
βߵİ£ѵ˺֣ܶƽʱʱţʼмеЩ֣һЩԼ˽顣
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462 ĸо
һͨ˵˵ί裬һҲ͹ȥˣǶ˵ȴǾԲܵģǴСŵĳʲôʱ˴һ첻һسӣһ춼Ὺġ
Բŵļͥ̾ʹӸԵļһβߵսʿһȲ֪ͨѾȲǰĵˡ
ε鱻֪ˣȥűؽյķգҲҪúõĽѵһСǻûгԹôĿ
屾֦ͬ۳ʲô飬Ƕǹͬ˵ģһССּһûʲôµģǵĶ֡
ǻ߰ɣ̫ˣúǰԺл˵ɣ
Ŷ߸βߵսʿ鲻Щģһ絽С˵
վԶһ㣬úõĿţʵʵʵսľ̫ˣһʵûзӳҾҪúõĽ̽㡣
˺Լȴӭȥ
߸ߵǰλãͬһһ㣬ӰĿ⽫ȫµҪɨһ飬һ˵ĻǵĿһͻͨ巢ˡ
ʲôˣôᱻĿŵ治ɫͬһǰ߸ˡ
߸˵ζʮֵȳƣһǶηǳóŲƶĴ򷨣ͬʱȫļҲô͹ԣⲢ˵ȱ෴һǿ
ⲢԽԽģܶķҵӼάȣӵȴ˿ûм٣Ϊִ֮Ӱ֫ԣϸбļ⣬ߵѡ
ǰЩսʿĺ֣ϵɱҲԿÿ춼ıԵǼ򵥵ճѵսʿÿһ˶ʵսɵĸ֡
־пѵսʿһҲп﷭ΪֻΪĿ꣬ʹʲôֶΣҪʱԲҲϧ
Ȼֻʵʱ̫ĻǸûпɱԵġ
֮ҲûʲôԹǼȻǶ˵ķԸҲûʲô취ˣвҵļˣļɻ֮һһúõĽѵһǼ
Խ߸սʿֱֱĶ˵ϣźĿ˶ʱŵĲĺһ
ǻڵʲôϰ
һеĳжʱû뵽˼еĸ־Ȼʱ߳ŭĴһ
ȴǲ׼ٺЩȥˣЩӵܣõİ취ǳ׵ĴǣǲκεĵԼ
ϵĹǽһž죬˲Ͱθһأ˺͸ղȫ˵ӣ쳣Ŀö˸ܵǿѹ
˱û˿۾ڸܵǿƺ̾Եĸı䣬Ҫ˵ɢ˿˱׼СսΡ
۾ĶȫǸ߶Ƚ䱸ɫϵļͬʱžһ·Ŀʱȫ˳ȥͽϡ
Ϊ󻯵ļСͬʱƶʱ򣬽ϵ·Ҳ̫ķһĳ̶ϼС˲ĸʡ
ⶼβսʿڳڵսܽʵս飬ÿһǾ˴ʵű㷺ʹá
ƣԶԶģǵʵôҪԸң̫Զ
ҡҡͷȻЩսʿʵѾǱȽǿˣûһ˽֮͵ľ磬Ķ֣޹˼ɵʹ书Щһغ϶֧Ų
ѧУҲ׼ĵֳôĶҸǽжҲ뱩¶ԼʵϾҪЩ˶ɱˣǲĻϢ϶ǻй¶ȥġ
һѾ˲˵һսʿߣͬǼ֮ʽôһȭ˵ؿڣǾô򵥵ʽƫƫûа취ֵʹˣǵס
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СӳѣԱȺ৵һذףÿһ˳ذ׵λöͬеĴеĿҲеĴ䣬Ǹƽʱ˳ֵĵط
սʿذףԭյŵɫֱ
ϣҸǶţ
ҧгݵĿɱˣڿ϶ѾǻΪ촷ˡ
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βսʿѵУԶΪ˻֣ܶҪֱӻɱǵսûкܳʱ䣬ѰҵĻͻֱϣȡһЧ
һˣ˵ҪѵһܱȽѧΪûʲôƾʵѵһǸѧǺɵ飬˴ֽʲôģǸѧҽԺ˼¾ͺˡ


463 ɽ
ֻգۼĹβߵսʿѾˣǸֶӳɫ̾ͱˣǵѾôˣβܱȫ
ʵĶ֣ҪǵôܻȥֻлɵĿܣ˿ɾûϣˣβѵĵһҪأǾƲΪˡ
ɲִĵطҲûôӵսֻһտݶѣֻʹҪӣҲûеطӡ
һκˮӷֶӳĶͷĻ䣬ȴ˿ķ񣬾ôĶһһùľԼˡ
ܹпѵβսʿŵĴҳѾŵÿˣƶƶôɵɵվԭء
ٺ٣ôˮƽҲҳۣ
Цһ۾ֱֱĶǸֶӳҽһţѾǸСӳͳ˹ȥһĽȭûʲôӵʽȫһһ۵Ĵ򷨡
ôһһ۵Ĵ򷨣ȴڳļ˶һ󵨺

ֶӳһź˷һͲ嵽ǰǰȭͷȭǳûؿڣȻҪһȭһȭ
ǹһ˿΢ЦôڲӭȥӲǸֶӳһȭͬʱȭͷҲ˷ֶӳϣһһĹͬһʱ
һѪֶӳʮֱ˵ǰѾֵǸĽǶȣȻѾˡ
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һԵķֶӳʱɫһףүˣΣȥ޷ģһݣһǹͿ۶˰
ղŴѾվ˷ֶӳǰԶֻײڣû˿Զ㿪ӵϾӵٶȿԴﵽÿף׵ľ룬ֻҪٷ֮һʱ䡣
˵ٶȻǲܶ˿ӵڵҲУ΢΢һôӲıܿ˵һӵǱӵ죬ֻǱȿǹķֶӳҪѡ
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ԸЩпѵսʿɾûʲôˣЩսʿҲǼҳ㷹飬ô˶˵Ҳڴ϶һʱѡ
ЩˣʵƾЩˣԸҵļ壿
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ǰҽһȣֱӽĽ׹ǲȶˡ

ʱһɱĲҽУڿտﲻͣĻص缶иķ緶ͷһᣬֱʹ˹ȥ
ûô׵ķŹָֽһһ̴ؿڴѨ̼ٶ˹ȥһѹ׹ǵľʹʱҽ
죬Ҿͷһȡ
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¬֧֧˵Ӹ߸ߵ˵ѾǺˣܺãǿĻˡ
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464 
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һ仰˵꣬Σʱֶҽе¬ĺ͸ֵĽ׹ǺһһŲȶˡ
죡
糹ǵһ仰¬ĺ͸ıͣԼʰĲо֣УһҪסԺǵˣǧȥǣҲǵλˡ
һſڵʹĻˣת뿪ݡ
˲ȶϵĽ׹ǣʲôǳеƣϢ¾ͻȬģЩ˵ļ뼸õĹǿҽûʲôġ
ϾҲûʲôŭԹ飬Ҳʲô֣˵׾δɵСëżٻˣЩĴ֮˱ѾǺõĺܶˡ
ǣֻǸһѵǻʶĻǼ˲ʶ࣬ôһʹĽѵǼסԺôˡ
һȺȻǲ֪
˾ͽվڵھĿ־磬ȻһβսʿʵҲǷǳǿˣ֮ͨУսʿ㹻һС͵սˣѾһ׼սСֶӡ
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ŵȫüͷһ壬ɻĿһۣĶʲôУһûǸӺ˼Ҵܣż۸˰ˡ
үû˼Ҷ֣Ǵ˻Ǽȥģȫ˻ˣڻھΡ
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ƱɻĻ࿴һۣôͳ˹Ӷˡ


465 
һЩʵȽǿļ壬ỨǮȥӶ⣬ƺƽʵȫǼӿԽǲƸӴ󣬾ԽҪǿȥ
ϴȱ֮ͽЩ󸻺еķһξͿǵܾãúܶ˶գΪһʱңȥ
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ڵĴһЩʵǿĸ֣ǹӶصսʿԼļ壬Ѿ˾ռߵˣĸûб˸ӵĳԾ
ȻܰٷְȷԿ϶ԲǸҵͨҰ·ѵսʿʵͦǿģһҲǿĹӶˡ
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ƽ˵ȻڰžӪʱȽϳϰֵµʵҲ˿֪ƺһ֧صĶɣ
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Ӣ۽Ƕʱ΢΢һ
ϰ岻ؾţģǸᣬֻҪյĺˣͿȡңľ֮أǽֻǸҵһС
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ڰžӪѾã̸ڣôװ⵹ġ
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Ȼô׾ͱˣϰҲͲȵڣҲͲôԶĹϰˡ
˹һЦ
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ܼ򵥣ҪѻڵؾңԽԽá
赭д˵
ڵأ
Ӣ͵վ۾ںڰһ


466 ӿ
˵ĻӢȻ󲨣Ȼȥڵأڸ̨һҲˣȥڵؿľΪˣĹٷʵжǿ˭ﶼû׵ġ
ѰĵģôھͿˣӢＸԼﻹǺģڵǱ߸ûʲô·
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Ӣûлش𣬲תȥȴٶת˻󻺻ȥȻҼKing֯Ҳ˲ٺôҪ⵹һһ㣬ûʲôԵĻ»ҪʮŬ
ǰ˾һᣬܴõʲôĻ˵ܿԻ㹻ʵӶһƷңֱӷΪ
ʵҪõҲǺܶ࣬ŸԼмϰӦѾᳵ·ˣҪһУ޳ĹӦ
΢΢һЦǮǸʽװ߶԰㵽֣ΨһҪľǶ֣ȥûһ
ô򵥣
Ӣüͷһࡣ
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ֱ˵û˿
ӢʱһӻǲҪ˼ҾȻ˵ôûʣһôɵһʵһĺ
˺ҲһôǾǼֱӣʲôĻ飬ͿԵõҪõĶûôŵ档
ãҴӦˡ
Ӣһ͹ϵĴӦҪһھƷң
һʲôϰĿӦ÷ŵĳԶһ㣬ڵزĺõطƬСط˵ʵһûʲôȤ
˹Цǲ
ͲǧСԳɽһϲһһӡ
Ӣ˵˿ûбԷӰ졣
ã̤ʵزߵȣϰķҺϲϸɣʱһǢʱϰúõİһ°ɣ
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˺һûӵʱ̽һ䣺㻹𣿡
ټĻڣֻһ˵Ļûеڶ˵űߣӢ˻ҵĵƣѾʣһˣǸͲ֪ȥ
ȻѾˣӢȻҲڻֱ뿪ˣûлص칫ңߵһ۵Ľ䣬һڻ水һصİťԱ߶ʱ¶һСš
΢һӢ̾˽ȥСžͺû¶һ˿ۼ
СźһӢϣһ·˵صףһصĵط
ϰ壬пչˣ
һһϴŰɫߡһͷӾӭ
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ŶôãڿԳȥ͸͸𣿡
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ǵģˣһҪպãܾܲʹϵͿһˡ
Ӣ˵ͷټԺӣڿʼȫԱս״̬
ǣ
һ̵ͷӦת뿪ˣһĹϾĳµľ޴ڣĻ˴ĴŰɫߵˡ
Щ˵һⶼɢʮΣյϢһսսʿӢȻڰټôһֻսǿĲӣֶιȻǲС
ˣҵһ죬Ѿ˽꣬ڻҵȵˣ
Ż۹սʿӢ˵еľԽԽˡ
ڶһ磬緹׼Ժչһ½ǵʱֻͻȻˣͳһȻǽĵ绰
ϸ磬ôҴ绰ˣ
˵绰վԺ峿ʿЦʵ
ⲻ²֪ϵƽæµţⲻ˶Բ׼߶ϵһ
ˬʵӵ绰һͷ
ϸͲҪЦˣǻõʲôֱ˵ǡ
Цҡҡͷ
ʲôϵܣεȷеСҪϵܰæǶڶֲϵпյĻ͹һ˰ɣ
Ȼô˵ˣҲͲˡ
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Ҷ˵绰ֱȥ˵³⣬Ϳͺ뿪˱
һȥѽ
ʱ㼸ŮŸո𴲣ϴ¥ͺĺͿɫͺմӵ³⿪˳һ̵ʧ˵·ĹսǴ
֪ڿǸæˣܵ
˸ʢһϡ๾ĺһ롣
ãܿŵµ˱ŵĵ»أսȥͿ˽Ͷվڵӡ
ϸ磬ϸ磬վʲô
ЦŴ˸к
ר̵ϵܣϵڿǴˣܵ
һЦ
ϸ磬ͱЦˡ
Цҡҡͷ
治ǿЦ׳ԽӼϵˣ˵ϵѾԽԽˡ
ԱҲЦһ˳ǰֱߣܿ͹½İ칫ҡ
ǲȥ½ϸ𣿡
ֵʵ
ڰ칫ңں׳һҲҪȥ
ָǰ˵߸׾͵ˣһι˿ͦġ
ôʲô˲ɣ
Ĳ˽˼
ȷ񣬶һǱȽҪȻǾֲ飬ִеĵصڶУǲŻᵽ
˵ͷ϶Ĳ롣
ִеصڶһǲˡ
ҡͷһЦǵǰȥ


467 Ϣ
ŽͶˣһ·ߵһ󷿼䣬涼ǿյģǿܵǽںͽṹ²ӦĵطϾʱȽ٣ܶطϤ
Сˡ
׳ϴμ࣬վһȺ˵ǰ棬˿ʱعͷˣ¶Цݡ
׳
Ҳͷ˸кһЦݡ
ε鷳ٽɣ˵һ;Щˡ
׳˵ͷһԵ½˵
õģ׳ȥ׳һŵӹ
½ӦһָʾһȥȥˣϵܣǶֲҪϾֲִһ񣬵ʱҪ档
û⣬Ҳûʲô顣
ͷһЦߵ½ߡ
ڳ˵У½⣬ֻǶֲˣ˶İףӦöǽǴӾֲ֣ϾǾֲҪֻɾֲɳ
ڶֲ棬û´ĻӦþһ˳ˣϾһ˵ĻֵϼʮͨĺˣҪɶˣ˶˵Ҳ㡣
һ۾ɳ֣󲿷ֶˣҲͺͲȫǶʮңܶ˿ǱȽ۵ġ
жʱһ˿ǣǵһμŴģɳִ񣬲Ȼ½ͻὲ⣬ҲͲȥô࣬վһžˡ
ε漰ͻҵһ׼ھչģһЩʱԭԸչĿĵأΪ
½Լ˵ĴǶ˵ձʷҫһʱΪһǳصɱ֮

ͷʱһݣҲ˵һ˶˵ĵ֪ڵϵ֪жô㷺ˡ
ѵǳ죬һˣõѵʵͬʱҲῪʼÿɱʷ˶Դ󷢣ɱ䣬˼ӵĺ
֮ѵʧˣû֪ȥ˷˴Ƕһһʶƣձ϶ƷĴʧʷĳС
֪Ǻܶ˶ǣôڻģʵԭҲܼ򵥣ǵһ֯飬õ˴ʵһսڶ֡
½Ŵһ飬ҲͶ˵˼䣬֯ܵӰ̫󣬽ʧǣľиԻ˸飬ɻ
ôҪչĴĴˣ
һ˷ܵʵ
ĴڻģҲһֱǱſ
½˵ͷ
½٣һǣΪʲôҪչ˵ΣӦõķղص𣿡
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˵Ĳ˵ǵȷӦ÷ձһǻĵĹǲ֪ʲô;֪ĴǵҪǼ
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ĻΪʲôֱӽҪչƣ
ҵ϶ŷѽ飬ȻҪǾͲҪôģĵĽ˲ˡ
Ϊǹ˼ǵʵǰнʹʲôֶΣԲչձģǻרŵ˹ǲ
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ЩձˣǽͷˣΪǻһ𣿡
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ˣǼڱصãýһչزܳõϢʾܻ˳ûȡ
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ȡпձĻңҲпϾô궼ûܶѾĿ´˵ĴҪõ˺ܶࡣ
½̾˿̫˵Ĳ֪ν֪Σԣһֻ̰ͼôƷҲõôöûóʹù
չʱ䶨ʲôʱ򣿡
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ͶϣչƷһչʱձʹŷûмĸ֣һȷǾͻʱнףʧĹ
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ķƻѾˣʱҸݼƻ£ֳָӣΡ
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⣬ǲЩ̫ã
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ôã߶ͣʵ㹻ָӵְλˡ
½Ц
½٣Ǿֲ񣬶ֲ˴Ըһͺˣôͷλֵܲ͵ĵָأ
ھֲȺ˵УһһСӵ΢΢һЦǰһ˵
񣬸վȥ
ɫһ䣬ʵû˱ˣε֧Ԯ϶һɲϣΪЩģôˣǿǿˡ
ӳϾǾֲ̫鷳ֲˣҲ̫ðɣ˵ǰɣ
ǱȽŵģһȺͬ˵Уֻתͷһ˵һƬ͵
ߣ̫ˣŸ׵ͷﻹĿ
һߣֱǰһϵһֱӳѹ˹ȥ
СˣЩģûʲôϵ
ʱ׳ȴͻȻЦ
ǣ׳
ϵƣ˻صԭλá
Ҳ𲻷ָСжָӣΪСʲôϵΪСֵʵڳ˶ǿȻǵͲ󣬵ʹһϣҲСֵĶ֡
׳ЦǺǵ˵
ôܣ
Ȼҷ׳ĻȺ˵ǲмһ˵ɫ϶϶ʲǫ̂
СһǶŰȻĻǱȻȻ֪֮ˣȭͷӲ˵ƤӣҲȶһ
׳Це˵˵Щıؾ֮·ˣûʲôýѵģ񽯳һȥǿѹƣֻȺӵķС
ãȻ׳ô˵ˣǾһôǿôǾͬжָӣ
ǰһһ˿˷ܵɫ


468 ս
ܹ׳ǰչʾֵĻɲ࣬ץסλᣬԺڱǨ֮·ͻƽ̹࣬Ȼи׵İǻǵֲ׳һ仰
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дҪģǺд裬Ǻ
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΢΢һ㶣˹
ǲ֪ߵغǰǱһԱԸ㣬ôҪǰ֣
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Ҳ˵Ҳȷûʲô˵ģڵĵλͲҪëͷСһʶˣֻһӣһɰʱӿ˳һھֲȫɨһԡ
ڣûһ˿Կסǿȫĵ˵ʮ⣬վ֮˵϶¶һɫ
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ʱֱңղԼ˵ĻʱִԼĳ嶯Ȼ׳ǰôˣȥ֪ˣ϶ûʲôùӳԡ
ɫһײʱȴǸûһȺˣֱӿ˵ǵľ̫ˣҲûʲô˼дһ
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࿴׳һۣ׳˵ͷʱǰһ˵
ʵǿ󲻸ҵֻСɶѡ
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ǰϣҪȶͽѸͺܶ࣬Ҳÿ˵书棬Ǹ֣һ϶ġ
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Ĭһ˵
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׳ʱһ㶣ʵǱȽģϾôʱչ¶˺ֶܶΣϾǸˣҲֻ˵ûۼʵ
ΪǵһԱʵȷǺǿһҳϣ֪ǿǵһʲôĳ̶ȣֻҪһʱ䣬ҿ϶Ըϡ
Ƶ˵Ƕһֻ֪Ǽ˶ȴ֪ǿ󣬾ǵһʲôĵز
δ֪µ飬ͻȻЩңĵˣûĿԻһ̬Ķ֣ʵĽȻ˿١
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˼֮齥ֱʱ֪˲ò࣬ˮɶǰˣȻ罯˵书Ѿɲĵز
òϣǰЩСˡ
˫ȭ͵ſһб֮˫ȭǰڳһƣɫصĿѾȫκεı
ҲóϣΪǵȷҲǿ֯ĸ߶սҪӮң²ô׵顣
һһԡ
ղŵıУ˶ûʹֶΣԱԵʱ˵ʵֻڲ֮䣬˭̫ס
Ǽ࣬սľ˵žԱҪḻĶ࣬ǼӮһԼ
˵Ȼôģǿ뵽ȻһɽڵߣϹҪսľ飬Щ˼Ȳͷ
ɣڲˣҼʶһʵ
ŦԼʱñŵʵҲˣҲһûʲô߶˵սǽ֪࣬˱ŵлƱĸ߶սʱһȤ
Ϊ̽ʵͬʱҲΪ˴̽һԱʵڵʱͷ˳ǿһ֣ӴѹʱϿʼ˿
ǿ
һ֣½ͽ˶ʱ֣û뵽ͣȻ˻治֪ôġ
Ҫ֪ȫûнݾߵģľˮĥĹ򣬵ȻиԸ֮ǰĹڸ㣬Ȼˡ
ǹඥҲżķյģȲ˵ʧһ֣ܹȫ֣̽ҲþܺúõϾûô׾ʹָĲٿصġ
ıս֮Уĸоǿѹ
ϾĶ󲿷ֵѹϣϵ˽ֻǸܵһ˿й¶Ϣѡ


469 
չֳĻ֪Ĳˣ϶ᱻ׵ĻܣһڵҲ̿ʼȫתһɱһЩҲϴ˳
ĳ̶ϣѾҲˡ
ĵ˵ͷ
仰ôô죬˵Ӧô˵ǣ˵⻰˵ȴһӡ
ڳȴûһ˿ȥĻΪ˵ʵȫ߶ҲûκʸȥĻ
ܹͣۻֱǲ˼飡
࿴ϵɫЩӣڵ˽ʮ۳ģҲͶʮͷһ㣬Ǵ̥ͿʼҲͶʮѡ
չֳȴǱҪǿôһʱ䲻Щʧ⣬Ͼ࣬ΪǵһԱʵʣһһĸ߳
Ȼı⣬ĵ˵ͷ
ܹôĵľ»ָս״̬ǱǵĳԱͺúõĽҵаɣ
ȻѾˣҲͲٵȺ򣬱ϾֻдѣҪಫʱ͵ϮʵҪ࣬òĵķʽ
ڳоֲһȺˣҪĳ׵׵Ļ࣬ѾǾԸּıǳԱǲŻķִʱͱʲô¨ӡ
д裬Ȼǲʹ轣ģһγôҲûʲô̫ˣžǱŵĵ̣Ҳҳһѿ轣Ĳĸִ
νͲýˣ⼸ҹѾСɵĵزʮָȫԷ佣ӦʵսѾûκˡ
ֻǾ񽣵߾磬һ룬ǿԽھѹʮŸתԵƥҲֻ书ؼмصľ磬ûһδ֪յס
ΪؼеǴžѧǸǰҲûܽѹʮŸתļҲʮתѣѾʮֵĺˡ
ڿԽɵھѹʮתȻͨʮָͷųȥ˲ϢսУļǿѹʮ߸ת
ȻֻսҪãȫԸÿʵӦõĻѾԽѹʮŸתĽ󲿷ֵҲãԲս֮С
ĸµʱ䣬ʹ񽣵ĳ̶Ѿ˱һĳɹ˵ȥĻȻЩ˶ıɣ
ʳָָ΢΢һһƽĵĴָ̽˳ʹõֻκεԣԽҲεģָֻĿһƲ
εΪʵʵĽжʱˮһĲʵʻ֮͸ˮһϻζĹ
ڳ˶֮ˣȻоҲǷǳ񣬵һָ⽣˻࣬Ͼʵڳ˵Уǿˡ

ָܵ⴫ǵķޱȵϢʱʧ˳
ֻǵĽ಻ôʧɫΪһ֮󣬾ͿԴ߶Զַ̹ͨʽȥԶĴ
ЩţһⶼǽֱӴ߶ȥ֮ҲͲڲٿˣԴ߶֮ǰҪ֮ƿغþͷ
ָĽȴǲһǵǴʳָָϱŷ˳ȴû͸ָԼʮֵӣô΢Ĳţû壬Ҳûջء
ȷǽ
΢΢һЦһ̴߷˳ȥ漴һӣҵĸֻذϣ̶һֵĻۣ۵ıԵǳ룬ȥǴͻеиһ
۽΢΢һҵĵذжӲһģбŷֲĽͳһ滮ģкܶ϶򲻵ֱܲз͵ֲʹá
ҵĸֻذ֮һΪ˷ֹԱ֮ʱٻңЩֻذǿȷǳľˣʹڵ࣬ҲҪĶȫܻٻֵذ塣
Ǹղû˿ӣôһذ̾˿⽣Ϭ̶ȿ֪и˵֮ϣһնεġ
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׳Ȼûϰ䣬Ǳиڶּ࣬ĸߣļʶͣȻֽ֪ζʲô
һ𼸸£û뵽ֵܵʵǿˣȻѾôĽһսǰҪΣˡ
һ˿ӵɫû뵽ô̵ʱûʵѾʵķԾͶȻҲнǺһֱֽ΢΢
Сˣۣҿɲ׳ʱ߻һ˱
΢΢һ̣ޱȵѵ
ɣȻҲҪܻ˲У
۾΢΢һУȴ˿ġ
ǿҲĻ֮Чġ
˵ͷָֽһʱһƽĵָ̽⣬˫΢΢һбڣͻȻѾĳ˳ȥ
ϰͷͻٶȷǳ֮죬ذ϶ϸ΢˺ۣ⻹ǽûнӴذ£ĻµذھҪĹˡ
ͻȻҲҴ⣬Ȼ߶ϰ·ͻȻ˫۵ļǱǣһǿϢ̴ϴ˳
ûںЩһת˫ѾϵĴĻӶٻĽָһʱƣмܣڲй
ϾĽʵ̫ϬˣһСģпܱϣ˸ղŸֻذɲΪȵذ廹ӲȻҲһЩǿǿȵŹ
ĽնһнһУмνӵˮһ㣬ûʲô϶Զս񽣣ӲǱó˽սĸо
ҲֵܹزˣһĻܲܽɹһ⣬־޴仯ʹˣ޴̸
ıƽڲϵĴŲҪʱ¿ʹ˳ûа취Ϊ˱ܿĹҲǲѶΪ֮顣
ñǵĳԱȻһ󱲱ȵ̶ֳȣʵһʧ顣


470 ֮
Χ۵ľֲЩˣһϵı鶼ʮֵĸӣ˷ܣҲнš
˷ܵһ֮Ҳ˵ĸ֣ԽƸǴƨŵѾڳ˵еʧˣεָλҲ䵽
ͣ
һ΢죬Ķͷʱһκˮǰ·Ľֱӻ˿ڽľ޴£·ûʲô赲ãֱӾͱһĿӡ
ɫʱһǺ죬û뵽ȻᱻƵϣȻӦʮֳҲòʵȷ֮ϣһ޿ʵڳ˾ǲ书׳ʱҲѾˡ
ȫ·ƣ¶˽ʵޱȵţȺ죬⼸ôŵʽȷ˴಻Ǳ֮һȻʱ·磬ûз
˫ȻһѾѿһӵ·ʱű˿·Ƭɢ˿¶ϰǿޱȵļ⣬ͭɫļڵƹƵĹ
һղȫͬϢ̴ϴ˳ʱȻȻѹ׵ֶûʹϰļһ󲨶ͻȻһգ֮Ϣ¶ţһϵ
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ȤĴϰֶصϢһǿ幦ڻǧ幦УڽֺΪˡ
нǽڼҵĹ򣬿ʹķ·˼¾ͷ·һεĴһ㣬Զǽս˺
ǴŹͨһϵжصʽ޻ķ֮˼£ͬӵвڽֵķ
ȸȱ㣬ǰڵҪǿ󣬱ϾԽһ͸ϲͬˡ
ķ·Ҫǿֻķ֮һɹҪѶȥȻȻӵһһ
ֺ̫ˣʻûǸȥڣȫѾռǱҲûؼ汾
΢΢һ˵ʼնû˿תƣȻʵѾɵһĳ̶ȣ˿ķġ
һǵһμ֮ĳɹΡ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷֵĽ΢΢һգһûоѹתĽʱӽָ˳ȥ
ܵǹɲôǿĽҲûжֱͦţӲһûѹתĽֻ֮󣬶һ죬ͱ˿
ȻӲһ
ĵ˵ͷҪ֪ĽûоѹתҲ䴩һĸְ壬ʮתѹĽ䴩¥Ļǽڣɲˡ
ѾְķȽϴִǹеڳ˵ʹóѾƤˡ
Ȼֻڳ˵УڸֵеľͲһˣ˵һУǾԲȥӲĽ
һСѣֵ÷ϡ
ֻ֪̽ѣûóٵֻҪʹղĽǾԿסģһлǷǳ֪֮ġ
Ƕ˵ǿ֮ȴѾǽһˣǹ룬ǵһԺķӦ֮һ࣬ȻѾ˵ǹĳ̶ȡ
ǰʱ˽ƾһ㣬ҪĽ̫ˣղŵǵٷ֮һʵûʹó
ıȽվ׳ǰĽͶ˵ʵȻЩ˿ԱģʵԱȣҲǷ͸ˡ
Ѿǹ𣿡
׳ȴǲЩֻǿȻ嵲һʱȤʵ
׳ĳ˵ǰڵȷ˵ǵǹ룬ͨŵǹǿͱ޷˺壬ֻǶͨ˵
΢΢Ʋͷһּĸ˵˵ǵǹˣһƬҶҲԷӳ޴ɱûпɱԡ
ɻժҶԿˣ
׳üͷһչһӡ
ڵȷѾﵽ磬ɻժҶԿˣ
˵ͷдһ˿Ŀÿһ֮˶ﵽľ磬Ҳиֵһˮ룬ĸ֣ϲҪʲôܷӳ޴ɱ
Ҫﵽ磬ǰҪǿޱȵͶʹõǿ󹦷ۻʹҲǰ״
֮ǾڿԴﵽɻժҶ˵ĵزΪޱȵĽӵκζ֮ϣԷӳ޴ɱ
ҶеȤˣ֪˴ɾ磬ʲôЧڴ
ƽվԭޱȵϢͻȻʧˣһƽ͵ӣƽֱһ⣬ȴ֪鲢ôļ򵥡
ϵϢʧˣǳ׵ܹշϢľ羹Ȼڶʮͷ˵ϣڳûܸеȡ
߾裬ȫ䱸ʱͻȻ䶯˿̻Ʈٶȴǿľˣʹ࣬ҲͿһӰѡ
еĽ䱸ᵽߵ㣬ӿֱ֮ϣϬĶǵӰ
񽣱һʹõĲŽһʹãϾһԶĽѧһ˽ĻǱȽ鷳ģԵžѧˣѾиһʮ翵Ĳ
ֲʹζĴƮ·ڶһ㣬ԸӦ˵ʽķӶԵĵƶ֮ͬ
ֻƾǿʹ־磬ȴһײؼ֮ԽĹȵշתŲ֮䣬ĲӰ
Сģ
̲סĽг̫٣Ƕô壬Ҫʱ򷢶ǿɾ̫Σˡ
˿ĶѾǿ磬ԼоУȴǻƵĴƶţƶʮɣ߻˼Ȧ󣬽ָһһȻ˳ȥ
жʱһ֮Ľͷһ飬һӼ׵βȻ


471 ʤ
߶ĽɲǸղ̽ʹõĽڽʮѹתĽѾʹñ׼
ĽеǿɱȻǲԶģһصı飬ͿԲ³ѹжôľ޴ˡ
˫ȭ͵һգǿֱ۴ۣžһȭͷε֮ȭ˳ֱӶһ
ĽǺεȵӺͷ΢һӴ£͸ɾĴ͸ȭͷٶû˿½˹ȥ
Ϊȭͷε΢赲һĽû뵽Ȼûκεã벻µֻ͵һţ֮յıܹһ
Ȼǧһ֮ʣ˱һı磬ǽϻʱһʮҵ˺ۡ
Ȼս˼⣬ֹѪҺţ˿ڼȻѾˣͲԵ޹ʵʧ
һ֣ĴתΣʱһһĽЩܲһ㣬˶Χ˷û˿ıÿռ䡣
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һܼĽ಻һܶùȥˣ֮ʮֵ˽⣬һСģпɥ˴
ʵϣڵȷǴһʮΣյʱ̣ܶĽΧĶܿռʮֵޣûг׵ĽϾ·ǻһЩռ䡣
ʵʵȫ԰ʣЩռȫϵģεıֻΪд裬ҪಫҲûбҪɱ࣬˵ˣϾǱǵһԱɱĨɱġ
ⳡıԣʵһ࣬Ҫ֪ÿһֶôģӮȴ㲻ĸָϼѣЩƽʱǿԼûʲô˿԰ǡ
Ǹʵ֮ϵˣſںදֵĹУȲ˺п̶ȵı෢ӳʵ
ȻܰΧĽȫעǱ˳Ȼûм٣ڵȴǷֲȫˣֻо޴˷ѡ
ΪĹ׼׼ȫλõģֻǶԸһҪڸղŵһɲǼ䣬һ֮̾ջ˸ȫ
ת֮䣬ܹ˴󲿷ֵĽʵǱܲĽѡǿ˾ֲķ֮ô˺
һ֮Ʈѵͣ
ʱȫ¶Ѿ˴СС˺ۣЩ˺ǳѾ˼ı㣬·ɫƤ㣬ǳֻǻ˱Ƥѡ
֣ͣȴǱ۾һվƺڸղŵսӡ
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ʮӵʱ䣬ڳһûгôĿվǱ߸ֱ࣬໺۾ǻָһ
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ܹջǾ̫ˣû˰æһ
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ⳡս֮У˸еֲĵط֮󣬴ҾѾʶһ㣬ʱһݾֺͳݡ
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ǰȻʱҲŬҲȡһǺֵһȣֱөԣʵǲֵһᰡ
ҲһЦֻЦһ˿˿Ŀɬ
ƾ˭һжһ˿ʧеģⲻΪǿľǿܱ飬ֻ֮ˡ
Ҳ֪ͶΪô飬ʹӴ˶ȥ˼ȡǷϣֻһʱпˣҲûж˵ʲôֻǱƽЦŶѡ
ˣıԾ͵ǻȥԺҲúȡܳΪСĳɫ֣ҪģҪɥȻСܹһ㣬Ҳпܵģ
׳ܽһ³´ʣôҽɢȥϢˡ


472 
ɢ֮ͽһһµڶĲˣһ뿪ãص˼С
ָѾûǰô鷳ˣֱϵפѵصĶİ֪ͨˣʣµľаȥˣҲ۵Ŀ֮һ
ϾԺĳԱҪһִÿһζǰźˣô۵ҲʲôĳɾͣһִǿѣҪĿɲ
εţһ߶ս⣬Ҳɳ˲ӽϾ֮ĽɳפǺ顣
棬˻УԴ辸֮Ȼѣ»ص˾ǴʱĹ辸ѾԱų棬ܶҪĹѾύˡ
ڶһ磬ڼ˵緹Ϳųչݵķȥˡ
ݡ
컹ʱ򣬲ſѾʮ滹ɫı۷γһгͣ˲ݵſڡ
ӣſڴʱѾվ˾ˣһŴУյ˧ˣվſڿųӿ֮ɫε׳ѾǿҪԣزκεʧ
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һʿЦĴһк֧Ͳֻ̫࣬һʮ˶ѣ˿̷ĳϣѾȫװʿܵİΧ
һεչѾȫĲã汣ĶܰȫһҿԱ֤Ǿͷİɡ
ĵͷ΢΢һЦĿȴ̲סԷĻͲӣõϢλ͵Ķһǳĸ֣ձصģҪͻķһ𱣻
飡
ʱмһۣͻȻһ죬һȳֱӳԶԶķ˳ȥ
һֻ޳ȴӳ˳ЬһſíһĶӳһʮˣһͷĽɫȻ˾Ŀһеĸ߰飬̾˲˵ע⡣
һ˫ѱɨһվˣгһе飬ϴŵһϮѩ׵ϻһĺɫ֣仹һ޳
һͺͻȣľ֪ձҲǴӻȥƵϸ濪УǳʺձʿʹõƵ˳ʱĸĽڱձʿ
۾ڵ΢΢һ̿˿ڵϵ֣Ȼģһʶֵ˼նգ滹һŵģնѵĴʦ֡
նվȻǾģҲһУ˵ͷ²͡
һ·˯Ļ𣿡
Ĵкʿƺû˵̬ȸеУֻ΢΢һЦ
Ŀĵ𣿡
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˵Ҳܹģȴûֱӻش
ǵģ֯λǶܸˣУ
ʿĽһ˫
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жʱһݣϵɫȴû˿ı仯Ҳһʮƽӣûʲôرֵעĵط
֯ձһټϣȴǸֱóʹ˾ִᣬЯһУһĸ֡
ɻǣ֯һϲûзǳǿϢһӵһ㣬֪ǲĴܾ˲ô򵥵ӡ
ûʲôȤʶЩˣ濴Ū˵Ļǿǵģ
仰˵꣬֯һת߻˳ڣһղŵѾŪһȳţȻǲٴġ
ĴʿǶʱ¶˲õı飬ŵ˾Ȼڻĵϻôֱǲ֪νϸľӼɣȥѵһˡ
ǺиԵһˡ
ȴû¶ʲôԵĲɫĿʿҪõĶˣֻĿһ˿Ĺâƹâֻһʧˣվߵʿжûпĳ
˼У֯ƢС߻ˣ츳ҲȷʵǱȽϾˣе԰ҲǿģĹУİһ°ɣ
ʿǸһЦ֯һ˸к
ûϵҲںЩСµģؼҪ氲ŵɺãر֤ܳκεĲ
ΰ΢΢˰֣Ц˵
У˵ǡ
ʿò˵һ䣬ЦվһԣĿĿʼ÷֡
չᣬܿͿʼˣ᳡ĲǰһһͲɣʱֻһ鸴ѣȵȫͿʽʼչ
ڼ᳡õһȺˣ˭ûע⵽ھ벩ݶһһ¥ϣһӰ֪ʲôʱվ˸¥Ķ㣬һԶԶԶĹš
һ͸˹εչʮֵҪҲ׳ǧʧģŻôĹ۲᳡ȰѲΧĵθ
ϸĹ۲ʱȴûע⵽ԭڳ˯һӰͻȻʧˣΪԶߵĽǶȣԾ쳣Ҳ֪顣
ܿ죬Ͳ쳣еԶһתͿ̨Ĵű˴˿һһͷɫ˳ſڡ
ӡǸղڲſںĶԻǸˣҲձɳˣֻǲ֪ʲôʱȻ̨߹۲죬Ȼֱ
ڸʲô
֯һпűϣбǱնգǳĿԶһ˿ɻ
ֵˣҲǸղע⵽ģڳĿʱ򣬲Զһ˹ȥע⵽Ǳ¥۲ߵķ
ֵĿˣȻöȴû̻ش˻˼ֻǾЩ棬ŵ˾Ȼһⷢ߹۲첩ݵ
ѵ͵ģֻǰȵ͹۲
֯һûʲôӦʱĲ²һ鷳ֻȰ˵ˣû뵽չһ죬͵öˣЩ˻Ƿﰡ
΢΢һΣ֯һѾűϵеĵ˹һ˿ɱ


473 ֯һ
Ȼ˵Ǿ͵ץȥ֮ʺˣ
ߵǰԶ֯һһ˿âһеննʱǺһʣµĲͻȻһ㣬ĳǰһѾֱ˹
ȻƷǳͣǿĳ֯һҪֻһֻնϣ֮ץȥʣϾֻл˲мֵ˿ʲôⶼʲġ
Ȼû˵仰ֱӾͿˣǸӡ
аҡҡͷ²΢һŲǰѳնʱǧһ֮ʶ˿ҪеӣǾô֮յı˹ȥ
ףԭͨ˰˼һľܻһ½ˡ
֯һһ˿ɫȻղһûʹȫǾⷢһҲΪͨͨԶȥȷʵ˿
˵òһʹɣ
ܿһһ˿ζЦݣȻǲη˵ģ찲ŵļƻ֪ձɳһ˹һ໤İȫձ沢û˵˭ʱžġ
˵ķʽԼʹõѾµǰʮа˾ձɳĸ֡
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֯һһ飬оǰ˲ô򵥵ĽɫԴڽû̶֡
˵￴羰𣿡
Цҡҡͷ
羰Ǻǣǿ羰ҲһôɣһԶ㿴ӦǱߵĲݰɣ㿴ľʲôҶҪץȥûʲôĻӦþͻˡ
֯һһ˿߰ĻȣΪʹҪĿľҪİȫκοӰ쵽ȫ飬ȥֹ
ǵĿǡ
΢΢һЦ׼˵ǵĿ궼Ϊ˱Ļǻû˵꣬ǰͻȻһҫ۵ĵ⣬Ļﻹû˵ڣͱͻϮ֯һˡ
Ѿ׼֯һηٶȸӵѸ٣ֱƥһˢ˵ܶѩĹâΧˡ
׼֯һֵ֮һֻкˣһѾվ¥ԵĻϣ׵Ŀһûվȣпֱˤȥ߶ȣʹҲѻ
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۽΢΢һһתѾת˻յһ棬ӶƽеĵȥֻнŻŻλãͷ·Ǻͻ˾ʮȽһ㡣
֯һжʱһΪҪȥʱȴһ˾ôӲٶվ˻ǵ˵֯һж̲סһ˿Ĺâ
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ϣεչʲô飬޷ʽġ
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ǸʿпĵĶʱҲͷһۣǸͷβͨˣû书ҲղŵһжôѣֻЩˡ
֯һЩ˶ڷǳˣܹ֯һҲӦܹҲûʲô⣬ľ뿪¥
չ˳ٿˣʮӵ֮Ͷ濪ˣοͶʱӿ˶Ĺݣι־شĻֵĲƷﲻοͺˣĵüͷȴ


474 ͽ
ʱ䣬˵Ӧûôοͺ˲Ŷԣչûж繫Щοͺ˵ݺûʲô
ȻûпʲôԵ쳣Ļ˶ԽԸѲӵһҪ߾裬ǧ˿Ĵ⣬仯ǴƽͻȻֵġ
ڲȫ䱸ʱ򣬾벩⣬Ƕн֣ԵƷƣһҿȵһʮִ͵ǰһðŵĿȡ
ǻ˵òǲ֪ĸҵˣǰĿǶҲûһ£ôӸղŵĵʼûжһ¡
ڿλãȻ˺ܶ˵עӣôæµ˭ҲûȥܱΪʲô͵һȴȣҶԹԵ죬˭Ҳȥˡ
ע˵ĿΪʱһķǳߴ˽һֱ֮˵˹ȥʱҵĿһαˡ
ΪǸһӣǸյĴҲǷǳ֣ȻǾ·ݣǶʮֵȣΧŵ˶Ŷͳ
ǸսĴӣȴǴһƤݣͷϻһñӣԴһͷñﴹס˰ߵա
⸱˵ǸȲˣԱߵ·˿˶ȣֻҪ࿴һۣԼҲ
ʲôʱģ
˴еĶ棬кԱһϡ
ղŲá
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ϢѾȷˣʱͻᱻߣǵʱܽڽҹ֮ǰŪ֣ϣͲðˣǸʱûο͵ڻǵĽ䱸ﵽ״̬
˺һڷԱıϣһʮˬ
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ȵԺ󣬴һֱû۾ŻתƵ˴˺ȹǱ棬ֻѾָۣǱղǸŪġ
ָʮֵ·̽˱һƺ˵Ͼ쳣ĸ£һӵıڣֱӽӡۼָۣееһγɣܿâȥٶȻ֮ǰľګӡ
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ѵĿص㣬ȷϣ
ȷϣ
ڲݵεĽһȺͨ΢豸ȷλá
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˼̸ĺɢϾ˵ӡ
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ֻգۼĹЩԲѾ˾ͷϿգԲȻը˿һĲ·˿е˶û飬ǵͨѶȴǷ׷ʧ޷ˡ
⻹ֻĦгĵһԲ֮öС͵ķɵִĦгǰ˳ֱӻͣ·ߵľ̾;ҵıըһը˳ʮ׵ĸ߿գص˵ϡ
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УͻϮſڵľߣѾݻ˵һڹſڵĵڶߣ
һܽĵʱ칫ңٵĻ㱨
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Ҫɱģ˵ǺȾˣ˼ǱߣС
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ΪμƻͶ룬ǻǱȽϺѪģϾں˵ôͶֻС˼ˣЩԼǮֻǱ˸Ķѣðײá
ٺ٣ҵСǣһϰɣǵһμʶôȽͺţǷ㰡
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һըֵͬʱҲһʮĴӣܱߵĻѾȫըƬ
ǷľѻǹԷоѻ֣
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Ѿˣмʮͷȷǲڲݣ˺ȥΪ˼ӲĶѾ׷ٵźţ͵˸һݣ1085š
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Ҳתͷ˹ȥֻĵ·ͻȻһ޴Ĳ·߻һת򣬲ֱӲ·ֱӽٵ˰С
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478 ɽ
Žɫߵ켫Ϊ̣֯һɱЩɫߵʿ֮ʱȻʿֱӹͼ֯һֱɱս֮С
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֯һУͷ·һ㣬ӸֹĽǶֱַ޿ɷĸоЩʿǹҲ˿κβ֯һ
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480 
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˵ͷʮָʱʮĽķ˼ʮ͸ϸϸ׶۽ѾһЩǹе
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ѹ˵Ҫʵȷǿħ㱾츳ˣȴѾȡֳɾͣٹʮ꣬书Իһɲľ硣
ߴ̾˿һ׷ֱķķ򣬱һͽС
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ס˴ɻĿһǸߴӡ
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ߴת˿߱˵һԵǸľګˣͷҲص뿪ˡ
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ֻ֮Ҫס˵ʼʹѵͻᱻԴԴȡ֮ȷʵǷǳĹ졣
½һʮָȤӣ˵
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轣ɲһ轣ֻǽһĸ˽ûиӶκεһĽѡ
ѴȴѾ˷ĹܣȻܲǺǿǵĵȷȷǷžеһͨǲܻȡ˵֮ġ
ȻǲؼĪģֻƳģǵûƷĻƷĲ϶޷룬ôһεأ
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ȻһķϹû˿Դ߶ˣΪ߶ҪñԪϵĻ˲ԪкܴĲ࣬ҲΪʲôôྪž֮޷ڵĸԭ
ϸһԺͻȻһ漴аԼһô򵥵⣬ȻҪôͣȻ̫û˼ԴЩ˻ˡ
ȻǷôǸӵͽ׵ĶеͼʹõĵȻǷǷļ򻯰淨ǿȻʹõľҲ˽ڣǷûˣµ߶ʹá
ȻҲǷǿģǿķܸϵϷһҪ߶ҲʮӴģͨķҪһͿԴ߶ˡ
һ򵥵ķûʲôӵĹܣǿ˵֮նɱˣɵŵˣ֮Ҳ᲻ϵʧ
磬ּª֮ķֱ˼óҲǲֵһᣬΪͼķֻи̤·˲Żȥʹã΢һʱ˶мʹ
ڵϣôһȴһȷѪ꣬˴ͷȥһ֮аһ
뵽üͷվ綥˵ĶɽߣȻһʱҲûôͽ׵ĶˣɻȴȻûн⿪
ͽ׵ķԵϵĻҲûпƳģΪȱٱҪĲϣеĲǲƳģͽ׵ĶС
οôãû˵ʲôɻܹƷģĽУΪȱٳѾ˿Ƽչĵ·һ;
ȻҲ书ԼܵȷʽЩС׷ѰĴȻҲͲܷչĴˡ
һֻ£Ȼһͽ׵ķץԴ벻ͨ
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ĶȻҲ˿Ӱ꣬ĿǰΪֹһû˵˿Ȼһǻ޷Ӵֻܸܵѡ
ûм½ţһ˵Ǹ᪴ߣҴӺͶʿֵĹУȷǸܵôĶʿϣһڤڤ֮еڲٿء
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Ȼ׷ټô죬ҶǵĹûˣҲȻᾭϸļ飬ȷᱻֲκ׷װá
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ּĶһձûأ϶ᾭϸļ⣬һ׷װÿûʲôõġ
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ֻǹȥһʱ䣬ȻѾһ켤ҽĺۼǽϵǵףҲкܶƣﱻ飬ȴרǵĸԭ
ЩŶ̺ʷֵڶʹڵǧ꣬Ƕû⵽ٻǧչֵʱķ飬û뵽ȴ˾Ĵˡ
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Ҳ˵ͷĴһȦ
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Ŀ硣
սſڣıӰ󽯳ʹЦ


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ͲˣʱȻԼһǼٵģҲؽǵĹҲûʲôԿģ˵ǲǣ
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λպĴʦȦӻ죬ҲʶЩ˭ñŵǹض汾µˣЩƭӵġ
λʦΧϣСĽ׷ͳЯķŴ󾵵ȼƷʼϸĹ۲󻹴ףҷϸĹ۲һ
˶ʮӵʱ䣬λʦڽ˸Ե֮վ
ǵļȷԪ谵
ȻѾó˽ۣλʦҲͼ򵥵˸ܽᣬϾЩרõʺͼɣ˵ڳҲǺܶ粻Ҫ˷Щֻ࣬Ҫǵó۾ͺˡ


486 ߻
˫ϣҲȷ˵õƷԴϲ֮Ҳ뿪˲ݣԻȥˡ
͵ʵңϸļһزκεĿ׷Ϣ
½һ绰ú˹˺ɫӣȥ˺ʵҽȽļֶΣȷκε⡣
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½ڸʻλϣɵЦ
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պͶӳǧļյĸ츳ܣܶϡŹֵװЩװԸʵмİ
Դӽӻ֮Ѿ׼һصߣպպͶĲƷ˾ĸ߶սѾˣҪսԱѵĹӶ
ЩӶȽսװټ۳ԱѵǵʵͻõһԾڵսŶսѹľ顣
ЩҪ飬ǰҪĻҪյʵٶһоͿƷɵˣϾֱѵյˣⷽ鼸ôʣµÿһˡ
˾ڷɱѵأǱߵԱɰԸˣǰйˣǴĳĿĽˣһɶᱻȥⷽѾȨˣȫ˵㡣
Ͼôĵĳڹѵù˵ģڹ嶤飬˰İæһø֪ĸߡ
ԱڰĿ£ܳڹǱ֮ˣȻЩֻǾͨˣǿҪƾ谬ʵǲ̫׼ġ
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һֱȵϣڽӵ˶Ϣ
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ԾȻΪ˵ΣӣʵҪĻҪѰҵ᪴߾ʲôطлȡһЩаĶ
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ڵʵ򵥵ľ󶼲ò˵ʱõĴˣǸȫܵ顣
ҹ͵͵Ʊķ䣬һŻص˷һ˾ÿڱزٵ飬۷ô飬ֹ
⣬༸ŮҲںŬΪŻķֲܲõƣÿҲжɹģΪǶĺôȿʮЧĻָʹøӵƯ
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ȵĻںָͬһ׵صǹװѾĻ⵽Σգŵõһָ
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ᣬ뵽½˵飬΢΢һȥμ½ҵıᣬ縺ŸҪ񣬶õһȻҪģǰ½ֻһҲǺҪ顣
½ôǿʢ쾳ǿ򼸺嶤飬Ȼڲ쾳ǿߣҪּĸֶˣһ˿ΣԵġ
Ͼͬ쾳ĸ֣ʵҲԵĲģڵľ龳һʵѹЩͬĸ֣쾳ȻҲǿ˳֡
½ּĸôʹȥˣҲŷǳΣգϾڲǰǸˣֻһ˾龳Сѡ
һĹҪܴ߷ڵȴ˿ûУҲ˵޷߶κһַֻ򵥵ĻС
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û֮ǰԱ޶ȵģӦеͻԶ½飬Ҫϸ˼һ


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һΰֺƵ˵һ䣬ΰɫ΢䣬󹧾˻ȥΣյĹâ᲻ôý⿪ġ
ϾΰΪ׷ҦˣڿҦ˺һһȻûа취ôƽϢĵļϾˣٺҲƲ˵˼һֺЩȫһġ

ֺƴһͻȻһЦ
кָ̣
ҲЦſһֺơ
ܲʺѾּҴˡ
ֺƵ˵ͷ
壡
ΰʱŭתͷһֺƣһ˿⡣
ΰ죬ּҴǧ֪꣬ƾʲô𣿡
ֺ΢΢һЦ󻺻˵ǲƾĿˣƾżˣǻһ־ηģһֱĬĬŬÿһּж־ž֮ʹּҴǧ֮á
ңȷһף򴫳˾ԶͶ˴УÿһˣȫӢֻоӢĴУλּ̫ҵľӢˡ
˵ͷ΢΢һΰ졣
㣡
ΰʱվ
ΰ죬ƥеģһУҲֻȻǿһ㲻ŵĻһ˵ľԲԣ
ֺҡҡͷΰ¶һ˿ʧ
ΰĶӣСȻ츳̫ˣּĴۺҲȽ٣󲿷ֵּӵܶòʲô
ֻּӵܲŻᱻɳȥЩӵּܲպ󴫳еıϣΰЩˣȻҲּ֮ˣǶּ˵һ࣬һ٣ûʲô̫Եá
ΰֺҲҪһͬʱ壬֪ΰƢԣߵʱֺҲõУһΰ죬ܹĵڵӣٺòˡ
ôǳʲôͷûʲô̫ĹϵֻҪˣԵҲν
ΪֺƵĴһ뷽跨Ҫΰһסһûᣬӿĵһۣ֪Ҧ˵һ㶼٣ȷһ˲֡
磬ѾʵϢͳ֮ĸֲһǶøӵҲܸĿȻԽϢ
ļصĸҲص΢ǳһ㣬ǴҸƽʱ¶ȫϢϾ˼֪ʵĵףôҲûʲôƿˡ
߽ԺӵʱֺϾȻûиоκ֮˵ϢҦѾȷĵ֪Ѿ֮ô˵ѾϢһ˿˿ûй¶
һҪô˷ǳĿϢĹҪô书Ѿɲľ磬Ϣֻɡ
УһɣʵСΰϾͷԣȻһ㶼ûпҺýֺڳڵĻһ˳ͻΰпܻԴ
ȻڶСǶ֮˵ϵ˶Сӣ˶һ飬һἫӰԺΪĽɱ˵˲̣ܶʱһȱɱҪӲ̡
ϲŭɫʵصֺƵʵּһ˿Աģһкܶ˵ʵҪ˵ԸԴΰˡ
Ȼΰ˼ּ꣬ĳ͵ľӢΪȻǺֺƲ֪ľϸҲýһ׼ȷıȽϣֻ˵ſԱһ
ֺҪΰһһĥһΰӣ֪һɽһɽߣһǽΰ֣Ŀһʵж
ϾΰôҲǽ֮ĸ֣Ȼǳ幥ҲһСˣ֣ôҲ¶ֹܻ
ֺС̣ܲʵ֣Ϳΰһս׻ݱʲô״ˡ
ߣ˵Ĳ֮ˣվҪʵ˵ǾȻһ£ʮΪޣҲӮһаʽӽԺҦԶһ㣡
վŵΰӸµĿһгӡ
ǺǣʮΪ޵дҵûʲôһаʽӴ뿪ˣǲͬġ
Цҡҡͷһ㶼ӡ
ߣ㲻Ҷģûһ֮ˣĶûУôľˣ
ΰаϲʱϣּ䡣
˵棬ȻһҾһɣҪҦҵĻһμӴᣬ¶㹦֤һ£е㲻̫ʡ
˵ʲôͷ˵ĶˣǰԼĵνȥ΢΢վֱߵԺ
ãʮУҵҪôŹȥ
ΰһУ̬һѻ𣬲ֺƾԱߣҲö˵ЩʲôֻܸߵԺ
ʮΪޣȳְɣҿּҶЩѧȵҳֵĻûлٳˡ
һվǰΰ죬̲˵


491 վŲ
ôĿ
ΰʱŭգ˼Ȼ˿ûнʱŭһؿڣ³˫ֻ֮䣬һȻ֮両˳
޴֮
ֺƿһĻʱҡҡͷһ
û̽˵ĵףʹǿָֺս֮õ˵ĹǷǳΣյģȻӳ֮ǿ󣬵ΪĴ٣ܿͻõξء
ǰãΰ컹޷ģʱĿޣԽֲͨתһʱΰжʱΪ˷ܡ
ĹȻǿȻҲ࣬ǸղűôһͣʱҪͼһǿúõĽѵһ
廹Ǻΰ׼ʱе㳤ϾڲٿһСĵĻû˵ˣ˵Լһ˫нƲõĻδ˼
ΰŬ˫֮ۼûгûȥȻ˵ΰȳ֣ͻسŵҶԸΰĶ֣治Ҫʵȷ̫ˡ
һŬľۼһǺϾĵȺֵıΧʱ˶İзЦҦǱߵˣ϶Ц⡣
ɵɵվԭؾۼķʽɵ뵽ǰĽֻϷԭһֱۼۼ˵ʱٸ˷һ
ʵпû˻˾ۼͳ㲡Ҫˣ֮ǱߵȣҲΪ֮ǰ˵ΰȳ֣ûʲô߸ˣ￴
һУ
ۼ˴Լһӵʱ䣬ΰڿסĻ۵ͷһϸܵĺ飬ȻЩҲܴ
²һתѾתҽǰ̤ϣеһߣ۵ʱһӡ״ֱؿڡ
վԭ˿ûжôӲؿڽΰһƣ׼һ࣬ΰ˵ǿĹôؿڽ
ΰľɫɵҡҡͷôֻйһε
ôܣ
ΰŵĿֵͷһӡؿڵƣžȻվǱǿĹһƣһ鶼ûеӡ
Ҫ֪Լڼʱ򣬲ĹһƾͿĶʮִֵľ׮֮׮䣬ȻôѪ֮Ӳ
ֺƿһĻʱҲվȻΰʵ˵ҲֵһᣬֻһûõֶѣΰȻķվŲؿӲΰһеķȴû뵽ġ
ֺƱϳҲؿȥӲΰһƣֽӣȽӣΪԵЩطЩطҲƽʱĵطǳǿ
ؿھͲһˣĵطһ˵࣬ôĸҲǿסģϾڼ̣඼ԶߣҪϼӷġ
һ֮˵ɲλԶǷصģ֫ǵҪְĲλе书棬صĺĶΧתģ̫ȭǿȭˡ
ȴԼ׳ɵĹأվһǿΰһǳؿλȥģҲû˿Ķվԭֶû̧ôؿڽһơ
ʮΪޣ㻹оУǳһƣѾĹеɣ
Ŵɵվŵΰ죬üͷʱ΢΢һ塣
Ϊȫڵλãûе֮ǰҲж϶ԷжǿΰСɫҲǿģǹߵԣԵ
Ȼΰʵﲻֵһᣬΰ쾿ܷܲڶιҲûǰʶھͺˣֻҪ׵һ鿴֪Էʵûء
ôؿӲҵƣ
ΰ˺ϴŷѽ飬ղŷһĻֱǴݻЩ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ΰЩԾӣҲȥô࣬ؿȥӲӱһƣҲǶ˭ôɵģֻΪΰʵʵ̫мȥˡ
Ͼȫ¶ͷųͨĹҪǿ̫ˣֻؿ΢΢ͷһ׵ĵΰһƵ˺塣
ĹǿߣʹҲǾԲҽؿҪ¶Ϊ̺ǿһƣɲΰСɫԱȵϵġ
ֻܷһιĻôαԾ͵ΪֹˣҳֵʸûС
΢΢ҡҡͷһ֮󣬼ΰ컹һɵı飬ʱΰ죬תͷ׼ȥ
վס
ΰͻȻǴӷħ״̬һһ͵ǰס˻صڵ·
ô㻹ٴι
üͷһ壬е㲻õĿΰ죬ʵĶ֣û֪֮ĻԼѰˣּļҲϾֻܱ֮һʱԼܱһ
ڴ߷Ҳô׾ͻңֻͦ˵ϱȽѣ˵ʲô书˵Ҫңҿûô䣡
ΰǺԺһתȻӲһǶǵɡ
ֱǺ֣
ֺһĻʱҲ޹⣬ּҾȻ䲻ˣǲѾ󵽲󣬾Ȼöֲûôǿֻʲô书ѡ
ΰҲֺ˵ĻѾƵϣֻȥˣԲҦ˵ǰôۣ֪ʵ϶ǿҪһ
ˣȵһҪ֪ˣȲҲ֪ˣôȥĻּңҲܻסһӣҪԴͷģ
̾˿εҡҡͷԴϢӵܣһ㶼ûȤٶ˵ˣһȰƹ˵ſڵΰ죬ֱҦ˵ߡ
Сһҳ𣿣
ΰֻǰӰһΣʧȥټʱתͷڣȻѾҦ˵ߣҦͬΰʱǺ
ұ죡Լϣ
ֺҲ̲ȥˣĶӣһƸǹȥˡ


492 ʱ
űŭֺƣΰʱһ㶣ðεĹŵͷһϣŷ¿۲֪ʲôʱѾˣ¶ļ⡣
Ǳ˴µֱӻ˿ģп쳣ƽɼ֮˵ʵ߳Ȼ·׵Ļû˵һƤȿѾǷǳľˡ
ݹڳˣֻղźˣȻֻˣղҪɱֵĻֻҪǰȥһ㣬ֱӽΰ쿪ƶˣһʲôŵ˵
ΰվϵɫһ󼱾ı仯ؿڼҵȻʱҲǺܲƽģĬ˰֮ΰͻȻתܳԺӣ˸ͲӰ
кûдһôˡ
壬ȥ
ΰ죬ֺҲǷǳķŭŭ䲻ֱǸּҶˣǱϾĶӣҲܿΰ£ΰ֮̾ͷԸȥ
ǣү
ͷӦһһ͵Ժſڣ֪ͬȥ
ղΰתʱ˶ΰ·뻮һĻľ󣬿ʱȫˣȻ֮ǰҦѾ˵ʱϾտƾۿһˡ
Сֵ书ȷǵһǳĵزºЩϼһһȶˡ
ҦĴһЦе˵ȻҦѡˣôȻԽǿԽˣҦҺּҲּͬһֱûô鷳£ԼûʲôˣҲ׳֡
ҦǾӪһӴҵ۹ϵĳҺͶʤܶʱʵеķɽʱǾҪȥ
Ǽ˳澭̣ʱּ˱ȽϿ϶࣬ȻʵҲ΢һȻڼսķ棬ҪʵҦͳּҲ֪ٱˡ
ҦһôǿˣҦȻǻϲ쳣ҪжôǿıҲҪǮЩҦ˵ֻС⣬ҦҴȱЩ
ȱǶĸ֣þ߱˳ΪֵǱʣ;Ѿ˵ǿʮʮ꣬ʱΪ϶ӵǿҦҲͻһܹ֧żĸ֡
ȻҦ׻֪žǿĹӶţʵۺĿҲϵУԵ˿ҦңҪԶԶĳ
ЩҦ׶ˣֻ֪Ҧ˸ҦһˣʵǿҲܲǸֵСӡ
ʵȷԶΰ죬ղΰΪôҼЦˣϾûôһֱڼţԵȷǵòĥ£νЩôġ
ֺҡҡͷ̾˿
ж︣ҲҪ̫ģǻɳģһۣһĥ£һǻ׹ģǻô߹ģòŵġ
Ҧװ˰֣İοһ䣬ΰֱ֮өԣȫһģȻҲð˼ΰˡ
ү˵ǣΰȷǻҪһôҾͲˣǺܳȥˣһǰиһƣǳʲô¶ˣɲ˶ô˵ģĥ¹ĥ£ɲ
ֺվǸʶʱˣȻҦ׷ǳΰҪ׷ҦˣǰҲˣ¾ˡ
ã͸ϿȥɣΰǺӵȷҪúõĹ̺ܽĥ£ҾͲˡ
Ҧ׵˵ͷֺһ뿪֮󣬲ЦеĶ˵˰ûеѵãһΪֻСʩû뵽ô㣬ǰѺܶҵĵӶȥ˰
үӹˣҲǻԵɺϲ˽ĳɾ͡
ǫһЦתͷҦһۣ¶һߵЦݡ
Ҧ˵ȷʵô㣬ЩӵֱܺûκεĿɱԣǴСܵĸѵʵǴĲ硣
ããǫǺ£꣬ԽԽˡ
Ҧ׹һЦ΢΢Ʋͷȥļ˵ǽҲҪѧϰмǲղŵǸΰһ֪ҦҶˣȶǴϣ
ǣ
ǼҦҵ˶ʱϻ̳ϿֵĵͷӦ
ҲҦŴ׼μǧҴѡҦˣҦұ;̣ѵóһ֣Ҳûʲôǿö˼
ֵԺգżָһаʽǸм
һ˳˱ȭ΢Ц˵
ָ㲻ңһдд衣
ҲЦŻһȭ
С֣ͲҪǫˣǵʵпյĻǶָУϾȥǧҴᣬҦһҪ⣬ɲ̫ҡ
Ҧ״Ц˵
үӼȻԸˣȻƴǡ
ҲһЦҦҹϵദĺһ㣬Ժĵ·ҲаģؼĻǽڵȥǧҵĴᣬҪҦҵʱȻл˵ҲҦ˼мΪѡ
ˣȥǧҵĴᣬͺһȥɣ߶һҲûʲô̫Ĺϵõ½ܵ
ҦҪһȥμӴ飬ʱЦ

üͷ΢΢һ塣
ÿһᣬ˲μӣССɵˣЩ˻ɽò½ҵӣϾȥĴĺʹɶǳĶˣ½Ϊ˽ӴЩѾ˺ܶ˼Ȼǲע⵽ЩСġ
Ҧ׵˵ͷ
ԭˡ
ޱޱ׵һǿ⣬½ұʵǿļ壬Ǳ˳ΪǧңԴƽƽʵ൱ȻǱȽϿǶЩɢ˺СͲûôˡ
֪εĴʲôʱУ
˼һ֮ʵȻ˵½һ׼УҦĴ壬ȻϢΪͨҲǰ֪Ҳ˵Ҳһʡ
ʱѾˣʮ󣬵ʱдĹǰ½ңʮһεʢᣬҪٴοʼˣ
Ҧһ˿⣬ƺĴǳڴһ
ʮôܿͻˡ
֪ʱ䣬ûк⣬ҶϦѾ֪˴ھҪеϢ
СֿʲôҪ⼸԰鶼һ£һںҪˣϾʮУܲ½ҵǰɣǰһϹȥҲǻǡ
ҦЦеĿʵ
ȷһҪţʲô£ôǾһں׼ʱɣ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ


493 Ҧ
Ҧһľˣʱˣ͸뿪ˣҦȻͬҦףϾߣٻصУлˣȻǽʱһԡ
뿪ĺԺûȥѧУϿΣֱȥ˾˾㱨һ˾ӪѾڷɱѵ
ô˵Ļڹµʱ䣬ĵһӶͿʽóˣ
ɳϣᴵһڱеĲҶһڲ
ڵһнȥǳĸߣлֱ۵ľˣĽ̹ѵ£ǽٶȷǳ죬ѾȫӦ˹Ӷְҵʱִ񡣡
һϲɫ˵ϾѾôһӶŽǶĿ϶ΣƴҲҪã͹ⷬˡ
ܺãһѵĹӶжˣ
˵ͷЦʵ
һǧһپʮˡ
˵û˿ĳɣ춼ڹעɱǱߵѵЩˡ
ţȻѵˣôҪ񣬾Ǳߵϵһʱṩŷ޵ıҵҵʱչ
һ˼˵
ãһȥطĹͨġ
ûκεķԣоһľްԼŶǣߣȫĳͼʽţһ˸ʶ·ûС
ʱһһھǶĲţװĿӦãʽ豸ȫмǲ͸¶ȥ
˵ȻǹӶôװȻǺҪ飬ӵﹺĻһȽԲܵõϣǾľûᱻ֪ϤʱͿǵװмƻš
˵еΪ鷳գṩĳкܶңһЩΪȽĳҲңǶܱǵϢй¶ϾԱʵ̫ˣҲ̫űˡ
˵ͷ뷨ıϡ
ʱԼĿԼߣҪԼ죬ͨĶԴӱ򣬵һҪԼصװսԶԶ˦ˡ
˼˵Ѿ˼˺ܾãǰڵõʱڿˣյĳ֣˵ϼֱ绢ܶϵװڴϵ׷ձ涼ûм
һδķչ·ߣ뿪˹˾һ˻ص˼УһںҪȥ½ҲμӱᣬҲʵһ׼
βμӴڶ࣬ʶ˵УҶϦͼˣҶϦǸȥμӣǸ漧ҵĶȥμӣǺҦҵһ·
ĶǲҪ̫࣬Ҫ׼һЩҩڱʱٻָƣʱۼô֮ߣʮµˣ³ֵļҲǷǳĴ
Լǲ̫ĵģ˱ҪҲܵʲôˣѾ֮ļ£ʮǰͽ쾳ĸ֣ҲԱֶΡ
ƵĵҩҪǸҶϦʹãϾǵʵȻҲǿ󣬵Ǻ˲ɱĻᲢ࣬ٳӿܲǺ⣬ǰ׼һ˵ĵҩǱȽ׵
һڵУûȥѧУһֱڼвϵƵҩӭսǰ״̬ãмʱҶϦ뿪ˣҪʦѾеʦһȥֻǰˡ
һʱ򣬼Ҳص˼ңҺʽҶ½½ĳˣҲ˶ƳĵҩƷս˽ָȥҦˡ
֮ǰǸĺԺ֮ǰǾ˵˳֮ǰＯϣʱҦҵ˶֮󣬴Ҿ̳ǰ½ҡ
ȵʱҦҵĶѾֶĸˣһ˼ңӦñҦ׻Ҫһ㣬ˣӦöӽʮңһϢȽǿ࿴һۡ
үүҵֵܣǲǲμδ֮ǰһֱΪľδҪһΣҦһ书ķ
ˣҦ˹סֱǵĽһ
ԭǸҦ˵үүҦ壬ģ˳Ҧүμǧұᣬ½ҵһŻˣؼ˺һӲǱסһ
ҦμӴʱѾǶʮˣٹһʮ꣬緢׼ڴո¶ͷǣҦҶһΣǰıȷһ˳׵ʮ˳
ǵҪı䣬Ҧ½һ½ʮͽ֮μӱʱҲʮѡ
Ǿǽ˲½ȴͻȻչ˺֮ǰʱȫͬʵǼΪǿʵҦ嶼ˣǼʹֹ˱һҦ͵ֱ̨ϡ
󣬱Ҧ˴ؼҦ壬һʧȥȥͷҦ˵̵ʱиŬչˣڻҦ־ˡ
ȻǻָҦҲ·޷ȥˣ֮ܵأסһ漣ˣҪֱ
ָ˽ҦҲȥʲôˣȻ·޷ȥר־˾·˰뱲ӵĹ򣬽ҦҵľõҦүơ
ЩҦ˸ģû뵽εıᣬҦȻۿʮǰǸĽᣬҦȷѾ⿪ˣȻĻǾԲȥ½֮صġ
λүӡ
ߵݣҦҦ״һк
ãã˵۹ⲻ죬һֱڿôô㣬书ôһȻ鴫
ҦϸĴһпܳΪŮˣ϶úúðѹأȷķǳ㣬ӵܵˣҲʲôëȫ֮⡣
үӹˡ
Ǻǫ飬΢΢һЦ
֣ҽҦ̫ҦβμӴڱ֣ʱ飬ɱΰСһ²̨
վҦһǳȵˣЦ˵
Ҧ̫֣ʱˣҦ˵Ҧһ֮ɫһڶʮһʱѾ֮


494 ϻ굶
ҦңȻʵǳۺ񣬵ָǼۺʵڹҵ棬ȴƲǷǳǿĹңֻ˵ǻ
Ͼھһ飬ҦҲͶ˺ܴӵ˼һʱ䲻㣬ҪһֵʱִּĹҾͲñˡ
ҦҲ취⣬׷Ҧ˵˵Уܶ˶Ը壬ҲЩ˳ƲģǱĹ壬ȴкܶǿļڱ֧š
ΰ죬Ȼֻ˵ӵܣʵҲԣҦ֮Ĭ׷ҦˣΪּ֧ţҦҿصּҵʵΰˡ
һҶͨ׳ʵȡЩѡķʽҦҪΪҦһôȿǵľּʵǿĹңҪԷжôȨơ
ĳ֣÷ҦҵҪ󣬸ʵǳǿ󣬾ûκεȨƣҦҲ⣬ΪҦⷽѾǺǿˣҪһ׳Ȩơ
ҦǸʱĳ٣ҦһڳһǺ츳Ҧ̫俪ʼչֳ˷Ƿ츳Ҳ˳ڶʮһ֮
ʮҦ̫֮Ѿ࣬μǧҴĻҲǱȽƵ֮һϾճ˵ĻһͣԽãʵҲԽǿ󣬵Ȼǲܼڵġ
̫֣
Ҧ̫˵Ҫһ£һЦҦ̫һк
ֵĴǲľ˵һѣʵǳ˵ãһȻ˵ΰСӻҪս֣̫֪ߵغˡ
Ҧ̫Ц˵
һСָһȥμǧҵĴᣬʱϢڼ䣬ҪúõСдһѵһֺǴһҪðպûᡣ
ҦЦе˵ǷǳľǾ˵ıʣŹκοԴĻᡣ
ǮҲûطȥںҦһȥμӴᣬȻץúõдһڴῪʼǰҲǺõģõʱ򷢻ʧ
дһˣֿ֪ɷָһһЩɻĵطȻֲĻҲûйϵԺʱ仹еǻᡣ
Ҧ̫ҲǸˣȻҦ׶ô˵ˣҲ˳Ż˵ˣӡ֤һԼѧҲǰ̽̽ĵףɲΰַֻǿԿһЩߵġ
ָ̲ҵּ̫ȻµĻǾдУıȻһºˡ
˰֣Ц˵
̫ˣղײգڰɣѵĸ֣һЩˡ
Ҧ̫һ˷ܵ˵
磡
Ҧ˽һһۼҦ̫
û£ˣȻ̫£Ҿֹ̫С
Ҧ˵ļҦ̫̫֣룡
ȺԺϾԺռһЩʩչ书Ҳӵķ㣬Ҧ׺ҦֵҲſڣ׼ۿ˵ı䣬ҦӵܸæӰ˹λү
֣Դӽ֮޹ͱ˶ϻ굶ֻд裬ҲͲűˡ
վŵҦ̫΢΢һЦ󷽵ıԼ书
ϻ굶ԭ̫ŵ˵߾磬ֻǵͿԶлǣʩչǳû뵽վȻҼĵ
ͷһЦ
ǵ߾磬ǻʮǧĲ࣬ǰǵľ磬һֱŬҪɵĿꡣ
Ҧ̫ǫ˵
̫˵еǰǵľ磬ȷǱҪ׷ɵģһƷΪʮƣѾСɡ
ȻҦ̫̹˵书ȻҲҴţͬ󷽵˵˳˵ضҦ˵۹⣬ɽҲܿƷϾʮʵ̫ˣ֮˶˵
ʮƣԭľȻƷ
Ҧ̫ʱ¶һ˿ȵ飬û뵽ȻƷҲζѾǵ൱һأΪƷҪǿƶƾʽĻһƷ͡
дʱȭۣ̫ҪСġ
˵ͷһʱ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôҲʱƿȫ֣ʧ飬ɲϣΪСӰ˺ҦҵĹϵ
ֲضǣֵʱĵĳУŵĻҲʧȥд塣
Ҧ̫Ƿǳ̹俴˿һͣȻӵУҲʮĳɫȫΰĻЩҲûпܴôˡ
ã̫У
˵ͷҦ̫Ǻĵģղô˵ֻΪԷһѣеػǱȽϴġ
Сģ
Ҧ̫һʽȻûİγҦ̫ڶϻ굶Ѿ˰꣬ǲĵֵҲǱȽģȫִʩչϻ굶
²˵վţҦ̫ɱΰˣҲû˼ԸǶԸΰ⣬΢΢۾Ҧֵ̫־ҪγС
½Ȼǧңǵ뿪½ҵʱҲûд̫书رֻǴһЩȽ书ʱҲûи̫ľѧ̰á
ѧҲȤȻ۽ܸߣǶʶһѧ˵ҲûʲôοǶϻ굶ѾǸ߽׵ѧ

Ҧ̫һһǰ
ƽ죬ƱԵĽģʱһƾ磬˺һХɼ֮죬֮һƺʣпһСǿ϶ûκġ
ƿҪʱҦּ̫һУֶַ̣һõʽ˳߾ȥãһ˲Ҧ̫ͷĹơ
۽΢΢һҦ̫ĹѾҦ̫Ӧó˫ֵĹϵƽʱ֮ʱӦϰ˫
Ҧ̫Ĺٶȿ죬ٶȸ죬ҽֻһֻ֣͵סҦ̫˫ֵһϵȽֵ˿Ž֮˲³˵λãסõһֵ
ڹʱ򶼶Ҧ̫Ҳ֮˰ˣڼҲҦϲڹķһҲˡ


495 л
վԭûѾĽҦֵ̫λһ¶ûеӣƽûκεĲȻֹ˵ʲô
Ҧ̫ɫһȻһ˿⣬ǴǰףڼеѾ͸۾Ĺ˳ɲǼȫϢʱǡ
ѾɹǰҦ̫˫ֶȻһٵǰ壬ĻӰһ˲ͱ˳˫۶һŻӰжʱһХȻֵٶѾﵽ˴ĳ̶ȡ
۾Ҳ΢΢һ˶ǶҦ̫һɲǼ䱬Ĺеһ˿棬ĹȻ͸ղŵıĲࡣ
ղʾͻȻϮһ˲ı乥ٶȣһ˲ľ㵣ﵽʤĿģȻǸ򵥵һʼѾ˶Բߡ
аԴһûоŵӣҦ̫ͻȻ䱬ôĹҲվԭûκ˲˼
̫һбٶȺǷǳѾﵽһ£ҪٶǿѾǼˡ
ſڹۿ˱Ҧ۾΢΢һȻҦ̫һʮֵ⣬ϾҦҵӵܣ书ֳɾͣοġ
μӴ˹κϵƣǴӴҲڼˣڼӵѧ츳ģǷǳעģȻҲϣЩӵһ;Զһ㡣
һС棬̫ȷɫһһַʽܹʩչⲽأûнֻǵƾֵѾǷǳѵˡ
ҦҲһĵ˵ͷ
֪СһиôӣʽĹٶȷǳĿ죬һ˲ͿԹʮΣΧȫ£ǺѵֵһУڶϻ굶Ҳڸ߼ʽˡ
ҦĸȤĿҪôһзʽ
ҹƵúˣһк͸ղֵ̫̽ɲһС书׿ҲʱâѰ̫
Ҧ׳˼˵һգգĶԺˡ
Ҳô²ġ
ҦͷһЦ˵뷨ıϣΪʹһУҲҪʱ˱ܣ㿪ʽǿĹΧǰʵȴǴʧɫ
Ҧ̫ʽ˲ӵﴦ漴ʹܱȫһ΢ʱﴫ˳ǿƶʱȫ·һҪһ
ʲô
ôܣ
Ҧ׺Ҧͬʱһվȫǲ˼ɫΪ͸ղŴݳƣϵ̶ѾҦ˼ʮˡ
֪ţԷ泬һȣҲˮĥĹ򣬱ջ۵𽥵Ļǿ
ʽԶķҲԶ򣬵ɶɲԸ߾ܻ۵ĸģڹķҲһ˱ȵһӵ˵Ĺ
ǰȴǴ棬̶ȣѾһӵ۵ֱǲ˼漣ѹҦ׺Ҧôˡ
˲ඥķʽǿаͽܻǺˣҲʧܴһ֣ܵĴԼһ붼
ΪǱԼڿƷҲת⣬þµ֮󣬲ܰѹ𽥵ʹָľ硣
ɲҦͷľȣڵ̵֮ƽƣʮּ򵥵ʽûκεĻΣһȴǽʮƵ幥ǿһС
лڣ
һƽƣӴʱҵйĵط˳ƾͳ˳ȥǰγһ͸ͷ״һ֮ʱƾԺ
ɣһʮݣ
Ҧ̫ķʽû˲ֱѡѹķʽһǿ֮ĿлڳӴйγ֮
ã̫ˣ
Ӳӣ
ҦͷʱһѣһɽѰǿ󹥻ɰͷŵòᣬǻָҦ̫ڴҦأɲͱ
һдʲô˵Ļ̶̵ļڿ˵ģ鵤ҩҲܼ֮ڻָڵˣȻǲ֪طֻǳڴĵġ
̫ǿˣ
ǿ֮Ǵľ磬ѾҦ̫۾ֻһ紵ʱǰһڣҪĸоȫ߶ķʽʱҲһң̾ʧȥ˷ʽľ衣
֪Ҧ̫˾²һ룬ʱĿٵĺ˼ͬʱȫעֱۣǰһٵ趯ͼһǿĿлڡ
Ҧ̫ں岽ʱͻȻͣס˽ŲΪѾоǰǿĹˣ紵۾Ҳ˹ڿһ˿϶һʱסˡ
Ŀлڲûʧͷôͣǰɵľ޴ͷڿ΢΢ڶţ͸޴ǣǵĹߣЩ͸ϣһֱС
̫˼ˣ
ֱǷ˼
Ȼ˿԰Ƶֵز
̫ˣƵĽʮƣȻշ磬书˺εȾ磿
Ҧ׺Ҧ循ȵļֱļ飬ַ˼ֱѾǵⷶ룬˵ٱĽʮˣͨƷҲûԽƵⲽصˡ
ʵԶʤң̫ķڷεĴϣҲ˿ˣһѾֵ֮ˣ
Ҧ̫΢΢һ㶣󻺻һĿ˵
һҵϾز˵Ҳſͬľأ˭ʤ˭ҪԹһŻס
Ҳջ˵ƿл͵ʽҲǵһΣǸղҦ̫ѾǱܲȥˣһплڴҦ̫ϣҲ˵³
֮ĿԽǿˣԿתѹʮתޱȵĽƿлȻеҲڿƲס
̫ǫˣ˵һ˿ƥУǾŵģǲμӴ˵УҪ˵ʮµпƥߣǾԲŵģ
Ҧ̫ҡҡͷһЦ
ȻǼʶĸ֣ԼǿĿʶһµľ磬ԭ书ǿ˸صģδ֮·ȼơ
̫̫ĳˣҵҵ
ҲЦ˶һۣһ˹ȥ


496 ׼
̾Ϊֹʵ̾Ϊֹ
Ҧ忴߽ȫ̾ѵɫһ˵š
ĸ磬ڼ˰ɣ
Ҧ׹һЦҦı˵
ʶˣǼʶˣ
Ҧ岻ס˵ǧҵĴ˿½½ʮ½ˣӴһ겻ΪҲûֵܹ½ҵš
ǽһŷ֣ԭϵǺĶ࣬ͱȵ½Ҫӵ½Ȼʮͽ֮Ϊڶʮʱûôǿ
ʶʵ֮Ҧ嶼Ѿ϶ʮµ˵УҲҪǿΪѾȫΡ
Ҿ̫˵ĲεĴᣬһ϶СĪˣǿʵҸ󲻳ĸһɣų
ҦЦеĴԽԽϲжҦ˵۹޲ڣлһֱҦ˵鱧ǣҦ˲ӦôʵľͶѡ
ΪҦļ˵ȻԼΪأҦ˵㣬Ҧҵһĳ룬ҪƾΪҦһɽһǿĺ塣
ҺҦ˵үүҦ壬ȻʧܵӰܶ꣬Ǻںҷѧȥ̣ҦҵľЩΪҦҲ˺͡
Ҧǰ浲ţ˶Ҧ˵ΪҲö˵ʲôվҦҦҵˣûʲôĵط߾һ֮ͨͨˣҦЩǵһؿ϶ǹȥġ
ҦҦֵŹ⿴һ˾ǲҦ˿˵ô㣬ҲҦʩôô˳ۡ
û뵽ιһôһľϲҪ취úõ˩סǣһ˲ſɱˣϾĴУŮҲǲٵģܹҦ˵Ҳࡣ
ϣкܶ࣬нݳɾͣ˵˵ļһҪã츳һҪߣʵҲǺġ
ȻвΪܹȣϾܶ෽Ǽһ޶ģҪһݵĿѾ͵ٵˣ˵ĻҪǫһ㣬ܸ¿ԴĻӡ
Сֻǫ飬ǫһǺ£ҪһžηģϾ̫ˣֻһССĸˡ
Ҧ忴ԽԽϲˣߵ
СְһǴѧģʦУ
Ҧеʵ
ʵҪ˵ʦһʱûʲôָңֻǸؼ󲿷ʱһ˶ĥġ
΢΢һЦ˵ʦ½ҵˣ½ҳһ⣬½Ҹ˳ȥ½ұ䣬ʦҲһҪ⡣
½ҵˣ
ҦҦĿһۣһ˿档
ʦȷʵ½ҵˣҲ㲻˰ɣΪ½Ѿ˳δҲȥģһֱͷһ̣Զһᡣ
˵ͷ
½ҿɲһļ壬ʵҪȥ½ҵĻҲĺԶʦȻ½ңô˵Ǽ»Ǻصģһɲ׵ˡ
Ҧһ˿صɫ
СְɵÿǺˣʵҦҵ£ôδ϶ȵĵһʱѡ½ղصѧʦ˹ϵô½һ᲻гŵͲһˡ
ҦҲһĳ˵
ڵʵǳǿܶһĸҲжܹȵȻǻֻǼʵıɽһǣҲὫʵȫ͸¶ˡ
ҦҲ֪϶һʵǾʵҲ֪ƾһǲܶù½Ȼģ½Ҵǧ꣬Ϊǧң̾һҿԱ⡣
˲˵˵ҦǸ½½Դһս֮½Ҳûгڴҵڣôȥˣ˭Ҳ֪½书˺־硣
⻹ֻ½ϱȽϿµﻹ֪жٷǳµĸأ˵½ҵĲؾ󣬴ӹû˵ʧع֪½ҵʵжôǿ
ؾղľѧرȻҲ뷽跨ǱȥŻ͵ȡرôˣû˵˳ɹ
֪ǵĵģİɣҲ½ӲģϾֻһˣ½ҿһ壬ҿûɵֱӺ½Ĵ˺Ƥ
΢΢һЦͷ˵
ǾͺãǾͺá
ҦֱҾᣬһʱ벻Ϊʦ򱧲ƽʱֱӵ½ңУ½ҵӰǷǳģûǲҪǵĺá
ţ׵ġ
ҦҵҲǹһ㻹ǳģҲû˵ʲôֻǵͷӦǶѡ
½鲻ܲҵ⻹кܶɵ㣬յ˵Ӧôϵľͽ½ϳ½ңǵ½ȴĻᶼûУֱӱ½ҡ
½ᵽ½ղص书ķڤ񹦣书ǻѧʷ书û֮һûһ书ķԺУ½ղصܡ
½֮ˣûһλĻҲǲ֪ڤ񹦵Ĵڵġ
½ÿһ˶ѡӵܳűڤ񹦣½ҲǱѡ֮һǱڤżǳĸߣֻ֮ѡ
츳Է棬ҪΪ˵ʲУ½ùҲ͵ùΪʢ֮ʱһʱ䣬;ʶһǳĸ֡
ദĹУ½Ȼȵķ֣书ķȻ½ҵıڤʮƵĵط½ʮŹ½⣬Ϊֹû
಻еĺ棬½ڿǸˣ͸¶½ӵܵݣû뵽Ǹ־ȻͲˣֱӶ½֣󣬼ǸֵС
书ϳ˴룬½շתص½ңû뵽պͳϻ㱨飬ûõʱͱ½ңĻᶼûУ½ӵܵݡ
з߷߲ƽ½ͨѵİ˱ţôʼû飬һֱڵ鱳࣬ȱһһ»ص½ҵ
ʱˣ


497 ƻ
ĳ½һ˿ϣμӴĻᣬܹõһͿԹĽؾȥıڤ½ҵѧ
ʱ½֮˿϶Ͼ½Ҵǧʱ䣬ϻû书Ȼֻϵ˵Ϊ½Ʊڤ񹦵ˡ
ֻҪ½Ϊɾܾڤ񹦣ʱ½ͿԳжţҪ½˵
ǸʱỹûٰеҺɶڵ׿Խѡ书ķЩһǾѡ书Ӵѹ£ʹ½Ҳøһ
Ϊھٰʱ½ҾѾȷıʾˣһɵڲؾѡһ书ķ½ҵĳŵҲǴ֮͵Ҫԭ
ǧղص书ķ֮࣬κμ庹գʹͬǧ겻£ڲؾҲǱȲ½ҵģǧҵĴɲǴģһڿഫ
½ļƻȻģȻ½ûȷıʾɵӣֻҪһ룬ټ½֮ǰϳԭ֪Ϊ½ҪƼȥűڤˡ
Ȼ½ɣ⣬һñõļֵûУôҲͲʲôϢˣ֮½ѡΪʵĵһ
½˱ڤ񹦵֮ʱѾҪõ书ڵĿǰĻ£书İǷǳģϾѻ۵ͻƽڵ
ΪʣΪĲ㣬ΪĴ󻷾ȥףϡ޷֧ȥ׷ߵľ磡
ںܾ֮ǰϵЩǾѾ⣬֪һֽЩһ׷߾ĸ˵һʧ䡣
ʮ꣬ϰ꣬˵Щˣڵľ磬ʲô˻ҲɵĴﵽԪļܱԶˣȻҲǸ
Щ˵׷ߵľˣ׵һѾУЩ˵ǹ̰ˣղһgѡ
ȥٶٻҲվǾˮһնѡ
˵ˣľԶЩ֣ЩҪͻƵڲһͻƵڣֻǻָΪĵһѣҪܹصĽָ
ָ̲˴ĵҩ͸ϣֻҪܹ˽ָΪԻͻͽģ̵ϡҲֹ
ڽڵ˵ʱֻҪעؾͻƾˣĻۣд綥ĵҩ㲻ֱӷã󷨵İ£ҲзյҩڵĴ
ǣһеǰᶼͻƵڣȻȥЩ飬Ԫ֮ǰ취ͻƵڣУؽָеĶﲻκεæ
ôҪõڤŹΪڤ񹦿һܹЩЯĸӡǣӶ߻ħ
Ȼһʮֲ飬ҲûдӴ˱ɴħͷȥɱߣ˴ֵϣִĹУ顣
һĻͿԼͻƽ֮ǰ㹻̣ڵʱͻ֮ô죬ʱûôԶɽǰ·Ǹʱһİ취
ˣС֣δεͷûʲôҪ书
Ҧ忴ڳ˼Ϊʵ˼ʱѡʲô书ȽϺãʱЦʵ
Ȼʵǳǿ󣬵ǱϾǸˣҦ뵱ȻΪڶ书֪һûʲô̫оҦҾͲһˣΪƹ֮һ֪书ķǷǳĶࡣ
ҦòЩ书ķ½ҵĲؾȴǺпõĳģֻҪһʵĽ飬ʱԼȥþͿˣôһСæͿԻĺøУֶΪ
ѾˣʦѾҸѡʲô书ķˡ
Ц˵
ŶʦѾˣ
Ҧһ˿ȵɫû뵽ʦȻѾָҪ书
书һҪõģδĵһҲȻҪȥȡֻϣʱҪ̫Ķֲźá
˵ͷ
ֻʲôǿʵõĵǱˣЩμӴڶ֪Ҫμӣҿܶ˶ֱӴظȥμӱˣΪ϶ûϣˡ
Ҧ̫һԴЦ˵ҲȷеģѾ¶书ϾͼѾжˣοаصǲʵ
ȻûʣҦ̫Կ϶ղûзӳȫʵԼҲûȫ֣ȻȫҲĶ֣֪һֵʵ֮˵Ĺͬϰߡ
˱䣬ĺôģ֪ò˵һɻǻǰ½һˣϾֻʮһΣȥʶһ̫ϧˣҲԺɼ幵ͨһѵð
ҦҡҡͷܶҺͼȥμӴĿģҪȡһʸ񣬶ȥ취ʶļɣǿɵ
ͬڵɳƻһ½ṩһ޴̨Ϳôˡ
ʱҲҪȥߣ˵ܽʶһЩɵĸ֣ҲΪ½ϵԺ֮·ҲǺкôġ
ҦҲЦ˵
ǣ
ҦЩһʱͷӦҦ׺ҦĻǻǵģϾҦҵԪϼЩСġ
УҶȥʰһ°ɣҪˣǲܸϵ½ң·̻еԶġ
Ҧķ֣վ˵
½ҵ
ͻȻʵڶ֪½ҵľλǰҲûпȥҪȥˣȴַ֪
ʦû˵
ҦЦʵ
ûУû
ҡҡͷ
½ڹݵĴɽȥҪķѴʱ䣬Ͼϵʽ壬ֻһЩ֧˼ڴɽ
Ҧһ˿ɻ󣬲ҲûϸʣϾʦ飬Ҳùʲôͼ򵥵ĸһ½ҵλá
ԭȻڹôԶĵط
΢΢һͷΪ½ʲôĵطû뵽ȻƫƧɽ˸Ǽż


498 
㣬Ҧһ˾͵˶˷ݵķɻ
ݣλڻϵĶϲĳΪʡС
ϡڹϡĴУȻܱ߻ʮֵıڻĸʡ˵ݲһǳʡʡ
ڹݵˮСС˳СͭСϽؼУǭϲݡǭ嶱ݺǭϲݡ
˵óʹǷԴĺ˾ڹݵĴɽŷɥĹƳ棬ƾЩƳ棬һȴݻԭ֡
òڻϲ ԭɽأڵ߶ͣв򱱡бƽ1100ңȫʡòɸΪԭɽءֻͣԭɽؾӶࡣ
Сɽһˮһ֮˵ǻĹΨһûƽԭ֧ŵʡݡ
ŲѯϣԹҲһ˽⣬ȻǺ˵ķԴأҲƬصĴɽһ˿Ȥ
񽣣ɾXXӺ˵żõģ˽ԭ֣°˴Ĺؼ๦ؼ½Ҷûղصģ˵񽣡
ȽУ뿪ԼĪʮĵطһƬɽΪɽصǧҾڷɽһΪŴĴ
֮ԴΪţΪ½ҵ֮˼߶ȫڷɽڷܵڶ书ؼ½ĲƸҲ½ұΣյס
½ʧȥǿ壬ôϾͻᱻŷĸ̵ͷӶʣϾ˶书ؼû˲á
˵ƽֻΪ½ɻǿ壬û˸ʱȥ½ҵĻ룬Ϊ˱ּǿ½֮һֱĬĬڷܿޣ׼ķա
Ȼᣬ½Ҫ׺ϾҲǲʵģǻǿĹٷһǾͱܲȥ½Ҳз֧档
Щ֧˲ûר䣬̴ͨȸַȫ½ҵӰ½ǿڱ֧ţ½ҵķ֧˵ǻ˳˳ˮ
ڸڶԼ½ҷ֧˵ӰЩ֧˾µķչҲ϶½ҵˣȻյ½Ĺܿء
ַͨʽ½Ҽܶĳ֮⣬Ҫʱ򳹵׵볾֮УΪϢ̭ͨ
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ˣ￪ʼǾҪͽɽˣû·óߡ
˷ɻ֮Ҧ忴Ϥ龰ʱЩ겻ѵ˵
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ȻҪ½ҵڵȺֻҪǾˣʱȻ˸͹ġ
ҦһЦ
μӴô࣬½ҾȻ˶
Щɻ󣬿½ҲǻЩģϾǿļ壬ЩδҲ̫ˡ
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Ҧҡҡͷһ˿ԺҦҵʵʹ½ҲòӣǿϣҲһܹڶӵܵĹؼڡ
Ϊ˼ӵԸһУּѾÿһӵܵģǻžΪüӵǿǴС͸ǵʹ
涪˼һǳص飬㲻ᶯɱǻȥһǿ϶ⲻ˵ģľǹؽַˡ
ҦȻҲһģûйزɷԲļҹ棬ҦҲһĲҪľӢ岻ϵ׳Ǵеĸݲð
ȻҦ˵ûãһ˵ǰӳһˣҦһۺͳЯһЯʽԡ
ҦүӣͽҰɣҾͻȫͽȥģμҦҰŵľסǴƾӣϴһģûб仯
ǸȻǶԱһϣ󹧾˵
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Ҧͷ΢΢һЦǶ½ҵһˣȻʮòӣûбֳ·һȵӡ
һ˵ƷУζԴԼƽƽˣǿζԴЩλˣֳһʡ
ȻҦַǳͰ׵ˣȻǶ˶ԣҦӵܵУҦһǳϵˣֶУҲܰҦҷչôˡ
һС¶ѣҦүӲÿô룬ЩͽҰɣ
¶һ˿΢ЦȻҦĿЩܳ
߰ɣһЩĻǻܸϳ
Ҧתͷ˵һȺ˾뿪˻һа뿪˻ֻǿ˲幫·̣һ˾ɽ˳
￪ʼҪͽȥˣȻôûˣ·һǼǵһģ½ڴɽ֮㣬ѹּﲻϡ
һȺͽɽȻӲߣɽﻹԼɼһС·ģϾ½Ҿٰôδᣬ̤·½ңû·Ҳ㹻ȳһ·ˡ
Ȼɽʮֵվ;Щ·ҲʮֵߣμӴ˼ǽ֮ˣʵЩԹι۴ˣҲӦЩ͵ɽ·ˡ
ҦҵһȺμӴ˾Ͳ˵ˣһɫ֮ˣҦˣҲ֮Ҧ׸ǲ˵ˣ꣬ҦҶǶĸ֡
֮УΨһʵЩľҦˣȻҲ֮Ǳ½֮ʵ˲ķǳԺҲ
ȻһҪʵӦЩӵɽ·ҲȷʵЩˣڶڣҦҪҦߵģӹ
ֲҦұۣڻԴԴϵע뵽ҦڣֻĴҦһѣҦͷ·Ʈһ㣬һͿԴݵɽ·ϲϵǰ


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үү۲ۣҪҪͣϢһ
ҦҦ忸סϾȻ֮Ǳ½֮Ϊ˻ˣټôȥˣҲˣ̲סЩġ
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ͬڷӣϹ᱾䱦븽ѰæһԸϹڱк񱨣
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ɽλô۸ӣҸɺͼɽλöһХҲþҵһɽˡ
ٺ٣ӣҪνˣɽôôɾͱҵˣ˵ˣҵˣǹˣϷˣΪϷɵɵĴ˹𣿡
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Ϲ⣡½ҵĶôõģ½֪ˣضɳ׷ɱṦ˵ãҲô׵ѣ
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ϧˣ̻ں½ҵͲ½ҵĶˣȻ˶Ѿˣ˵϶ǲ½ҵ׷ɱġ
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ⷬϹ˵ʮţһķ˼ѪṦ֮ϣΪþǱסһСЩҲֶ׷ɱôȥˣɻĺúõġ
Ϲ⣡ҹ·߶ˣܻһԵģ
һ΢һ˳ԷϹĻԵʮֵĲм
ٺ٣ᣬƢǲСϷΰɣ
̻һЦʧˡ


500 
Сģ
ӵͻȻüȻǵķ̻Ͷеĵ֣ɹ˵У⣬ûǸϹĶ֡
ٺ٣ӣܻһʱܻһ𣿡
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Ϲʵڷ꣬ϴζûѧԣȻαˣעҺ֮仹ȥǸһѡ
˵ڶüɽ飬üͷ̻ĵ׸еӣΪϲ۸֮ˣֱǶϰ֮˵档
ҪСİϹѲһδԺ᲻ϵı鷳ģ㲻£ѣˣɲ˶ô׿书
Ҧæ˵ϣȥϷ̻ˣֲں桢ʵǿǿ£ǻڰྡӱ㣬Ū㲻ð۵Χеѡ
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ṦҲˡ
һ̣һӰͬɽּ˳ͣ˵ǰ֮伫Ϊͻأһֺܵĸо·ӶӦŶԡ
㵽ʲôˣΪδԣ
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ϴھֵʱѾʶĽʮƣԴ̧ͷǵһʶģΪŸӵļɵʵ
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һĻɰڳ˸ˣѲޱȵĹ̻ͣȻẦһˣһֻжʮͷˣһڶüɽʱ˾Ѿܹ˷̻ͣ
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һʱ䣬ڵȫɻ;ȵ顣


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ôǰ棬̻Ҳеˣʱ˵
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̻һЦȻĻеΪȻṦϵĳɾ͵ȷǷǳܺˣ书̫߳࣬ͬһ˻ûʲô֡
ڸղűһƻУ̻ΪСĶѣűס˻ᣬһҪӣûκεİ취Ը
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ű½ңҦҲŻܹ֣Դʱ˿̣һʤȯյ̬εĴᣬʵѾûʲôˡ
ֺøҦҵõ˳δѾעΪһһĴ壬֪ĸɣȻĵӣ
Ľ˵һĵӵʢָտɴ顣
ɾͲ´ˣСֿɲǳԹңҲǳɣܹнĳɾͣǿԼġ
ҦҡҡͷһصЦݡ


502 
ղŻ͹ôûѹķӣҦһ仰־ˣ˾ȻԼûɺͼƾһ˾ʹﵽ˾磿
֣СֵܣԼһȾ磿
ӻ˻Դͼѣѹ
ȻˣôſڴƻƣСֵȷԼһ˽ľ磬һʦֻǶ书ؼѣʣµľûôˡ
ҦͷһЦô̾ģͷ·һȵԼ絽֮ʱҪˡ
˲ã˲ãǿţȻƾһ˾־磬ѵתͯһ˵Ļᣬôܴﵽľ磬Ǵǰ顣
̾˵֪ⷬ²⻹ǽӽʵֻʵԼţҲôһ˵ˡ
Ҳɣ˵Сǰʲô˲õָ֣һ˳˳ˮ
Ҧ׹һЦҦļ˵
ܣ
ҦһĵͷͬһۣͬʱЦ
ҦˣղҦү˵ŮҦˣ
ţûҲˣǸҦѽ
ǣԹԣȻˣڵϿöأƯȵϿҪƯˣ
ͱˣûҦү˵𣬸ղǸҦ˵ѣǿǰѷϹɽܵˣ׷ҦˣɵõԼ书ܾܲ򰡣
ǰһָͷ㣡

ӺҦүӼʱڵڵҲ˻һЩһЩĵӣƽʱҲϷʲôģʱϳҦ˾ǸϴҦˡ
ȻһڵӶѹ˵ǷӼǺεȵΪôҦ嵹һӣϾŮǴǣϲķ˿ȻǶȥˡ
ӵЩƤϹҲסõʵ̫ˣȻһƯŮ˾˵İѲסһŮѣҪ֪ˣ»ʲôõӡ
ɺͳס죡
뵽¹֮󣬷ӶʱһͷһһڵӣŵĲҳ֮ĻعͷЦˣ֣ƽʱɽѧûʲôⲻһıŮеʧ̬ˡ
ⶼʲôˣôҲøϹŰһ⺢Ƕˣд󵱻Ů󵱼ޣŮӺʲôѵģɱѺǶŻˣ
ҦֵĿ˷һۣʲô˵ˣҦѣȻڵһڵҲǲῴ۵ģҲ˳ˮ۵ôһ˵ѡ
ҵ֮ˣҪĹһĺãմȾ̫׳Ϊ
΢΢ҡҡͷ㿴һĹʱЩ֣ǺЯҾģЩʦδȡһھѧѧһʵ̫ˣ
ǵøĸˣ㿴ⷬһ˵ĵŵˣǼڣǰأôʼˡ
ҦҡͷһЦ
ЩСͷһûʲô
ӻͷһۣҲһڵɫʱЦһ䣬ʦôһ˵ѣ˵ˣȺܲܳһʶѧ֮۵˻һأʦǿǵģ
ٺ٣ʦã
ǣҸղžأʦôǵģ
һڵ˿¶Ц⣬ʼ˷ӵƨ
Ҧͤͤվں棬ڵĵǱЦ֣Ȼһ˿Ц⣬ȴڵİο
ղүү˵Ǹ̻͵飬Ҳ֪̻ͽжôĿ£һɽּ׷̻ͶȥȻᵣİΣ
õģСֲô³ç嶯ˣȻ׷ȥ˵϶аնԸǸϹ
Ҧע⵽Ҧеĵ֮⣬ʱοһ䡣
˵ĲǸϹСֵܵĶ֣ղűСֵܴ˳֮СֵֵܶĵӶûУ˵ˡ
ҲһЦ˵һ˿Ľɫвɵİ̾ôûƯŮӣһˣǸжá
һľţһɻİ֮󣬼ֱǲģΪ˵õ˲ţκδ۶ԸЩɲںν棬˲Ųǹؼ
ڼ˵⻰ʱ򣬲ԶּһӰٵµ͵˵ǰȵӰͣ˽Ųʱڿˣ֮ǰ׷ȥ
С֣ôһ˻ˣǸ̻أ
Ҧ忴һ˷أæǰһʵ·̻ˣΪϹǳıأʮֵѲһ˾Ƿʤ³
ˣĹͷʹħ֮аͻȻ࣬һΪҪҽ֣û뵽Ȼתˡ
εҡҡͷ
ʲôϹȻʹħ󷨣
ӾȵĿһû뵽ȻܰѷϹƵ̶ȣΪϹǴ򲻹߻ûģû뵽ǰϹȻܶѡ
ţ׷ʮصʱҾѾϹ
˵ͷڽ׷᲻ӵʱѾɽһͷ̻͸סˣ˷ϹϢ۷Ϲôأ޷̽顣
Сӣ㻹ƴһϷʿûˣϴڶüɽϷҲǺǵľͳˣ㻹ô
׷ԽԽˣ̻Ͷʱʼƿڴ
ϹֻƭȥɣҪڳ¾¶ӲĶ֣㻹ܷһɣ
һЦļ
ϷûеõǾֵһȺϷҲһû˺Ϸ򾿾ʲôޣҪ׷Ųţ
̻εĽеͻȻʶǲ֪ݣæһ䣬ѵ½ҵ˲ɣ
Ľ׷ţͻȻ뵽Ҫȡ½ҵĶ½˵Ļôʱ׷Ҳпԭˡ
Ҳ½ҵˣҲûʲô̫ĳԹǿΪʮֵĲˬѣΪһеǰˣȻרȥ۸Щڳɳˣֱеĳ裡
ɴĳ½ҵˣ˵ûʲô˺Ͼȫ½ҵǿ󱳾˵ˣǾһЩ½Ҳ̫Զ


503 Ṧ
½ҵˣ׷ҲŸ
̻һû뵽ô꣬Ȼᱻһ׷ıͷܣֱһˡ
̻ͣΪرҿɲô뿪ҵѿû书һ㱨ˣֻ·һ
һ㶼ûзŹ̻͵˼ղŶԷȻôвӦ뵽˻³
̻Ͷʱһû뵽ղһʱųĺݻȻڶԷ׷ŵɣϾڽϻô꣬ܲһСȥİɣ
Ųеϣֻ̻һҧӿӶݵٶȣҲӿٶȣɽĸں治ţһ㶼ûбơ
׷£̻ջǱɽͷļ֣û˵£˿ûΪȫʮеĹͽ̻ʹˡ
ô˵ǴðģѾʩչȫ书׹צʩչˣȻĶ֣޷ӦԣǸ
̻зţڵ߶ĸӼˣô߶ʩչ书ֵȻĪĽʮƣһݣ˾ϣ
ԭھ˳еͻȻ仯ֻգ֮䣬Ӧ֮ûֹɼ仯ٶжôĿ죬ֻһ֮䣬仯Ȼ
й־֪̾ϹҪʹʲôƴˣʱһֽñϹһˮ
û뵽̻;Ȼʩչħ֮󣬲ҪƴΪһǰһʱȻķ̻𽥵˦˿
ԲΪ۵ķ̻֮ͣṦӵľˣΪѸݣٶȸһ㣬Ȼ˦˿׷˼ʮ֮ʧ˷̻͵ټ
ڸѰһʵҲ̻͵Ӱֻεķͷҵ˵ǱߵҦһˣֻû뵽ҦȻʶڵš
Ҧ御ʶӣ֮ǰȵʱҦҵ˲ûйȥæҦҲʲôû˵ܹҦ岻飬ʵΪ̻̫ˣҦҲѲĶ֡
С֣ûѧʲôṦ
֮ǰ׷˷̻ͣڷ̻ʩչħ֮󣬾Ȼ׷ϱķ̻ͣҦʱüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ûרѧʲôṦѧ书ﶼиһЩҾƾЩӲ׷Ϲġ
ҡҡͷûѧʲôṦ½书ķؼʱҲûиṦؼһҲûرע⣬ĿǰΪֹֻһṦ˵ķ̻͡
ʲôûרŵṦ
Ӿȵ˵´һʵţȻ˴ƾһ׷Ṧ黯ķ̻ͣƵĲòʩչħ󷨲ŵӳ졣
̫ˣ̫ˣСһ˸ṦԻ׳ǸϹ´Ϲ;Ӳˣ
ҦҲʮֵľȣû뵽ȻûѧϰṦ£׷Ṧ˵ķ̻͡
˵ҦͻȻҦһۣĵʹһɫҦһɫ̾Ҧ˼һ˼֮ĵ˵ͷ
СְṦؼȻ࣬жҲָôķҦþһţʱһԣغܿͿеľ衣
ȻҦҲͬˣҦҲûʲô˼ˣϾҦ˵ѣԺпܾͻŮǰͶһҲʲô
һ˵㽫Ҧ֮ʲôʣ͹Ķ飬ҲǣҦҵĹϵȻԱֵʮѺá
ھ̳Ҧ˵ʲô׼ûǱ仵Ҧж̵㹻ĺôĵطڡ
Ṧ
ɻĿһҦ壬ֿһҦˣʱڰŵʱҦᵽĽ֮ṦķĪǾǴ貨΢
Ѿ֪ˣ貨΢ŶṦķҦղţҲҦϲ书֮һľṦ
Ҧ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
ⲻ̫ðɣϾҦҵĶһˣƺ̫ɣ
¶һ˿Ϊѵɫ
ĲˣôʹأȢˣǾһˣҦҵκ书Ծû˻ġ
Ҧ¶һ˿ֵɫȴʮָ˵ӡ
һԵǰզһа̾ҦȻѪҦҵϲѧͲ࣬Ṧķ貨΢֮һṦԸ˵ʱҪƾΪȡʤ
ṦֻǸֶ֮һǶԵеҪֶΣṦµķ̻ͣͲǽˣŵĺ޼ˣΪҲֻṦ˵ãṦһȣ书Եúƽˡ
ҦҲˣûһ㹻ǿ书ʱ貨΢ҲӲ̫ãʱһ㣬ñ˲ô׷ѡ
ǸͲһˣ书ͷǳľˣһṦôʱ˴򲻹ܾͺѣʹǷ̻Ṧ׿Ҳһ
ո׷˷̻ͣ¶Ķ̰ṦҦ̾Ҫ͸貨΢Ṧķʱ̤Ьٴȫѹĸо
ȻҦ˻貨΢ûȥҪԭ
һΪҦ˱㣬ѧϰĲȫƪ貨΢ֻǰһЩƪ¶ѣһ㣬Ǽ崫书·ֹĵӱ°ߣʳȫƪķ
ҦҵΪӽҦĿģΪ̰ͼҦҵṦķ貨΢ؼֹҦҽʲôѽᣬȻҦңԵ޹ʶһˣҲǲġ
ΪԭһֱûʹҦ貨΢飬û뵽ҦȻҪ书͸ȻҦǿǿ书츳
üֵͺãһ˾ñõĻᶼûУǾ˵Ǹ׵ķˣõļֵûС
ãȻүô˵Ҿȴ֮ˣȷʵҪôһṦһĶֵֽûϵ˷̻ˣṦԵΪҪˡ
΢˼һ͸ɴĴӦҲĬҦ˵һ˵ĻϾԺҦһˣȷҲҦҵһӡ
ȻʵѾˣǰյϢҲûʲôˡ


504 һ·
Ͷһ˲Ҫô˵ˣʵøӵǿ󣬰˽ҲŸӵķİ
һڴӦҦʱԵ÷ǳĸˣ˵ѾĬ˺Ҧ˵ĹϵԺøҲ嶤ˡ
ү˵ǣ
ҲЦӦ
Ҵ绰˰貨΢ķ㸴һݹõˣԣӦúܿⲽľ衣
Ҧ嵹Ǳż˵֮̾ͳ绰
үӣô
û˵꣬Ҧĵ绰Ѿˡ
ôܲأʵȲ뿴ѧ貨΢Ṧ֮ʵֻĶǿ
Ҧһеӣ¶˺Сһ˷Цݡ
֣ҪĲμӴѡ·ϱưСֵѧ貨΢ϻСֵܵĶ𣿿µʱСֵܵﶼɣ
Ӳһ仰Це˵
㻹˵пܵģСһǳǿᣬټóλõ貨΢Щ˿Ӱ
ҦЦ貨΢óСΧڵŲתεٶȿµһ߾磬һ˲Ϳʮĸͬķλ˸ﶼ
ȻⲢ˵貨΢ֻóСΧƶͬҲʺϳıۣԽԼƣ貨΢ƵҪǳߣһǸ޷ġ
ÿһŶ书ҪҲΪʲôǶ书ԭΪ˸޷һͻԶͬ书
֮֮󣬹߾Ϳˮϱˣͨ緢̤ˮγɷͿˮߡ
һ˿ɲˮϳʱıߣΪҪԴԴϵ״߶ˮ֮
ֻҲˮߵķὦǳˮҲ˷ѴʱҪһṦˮƶ
ԽõṦˮϱߵʱķѵԽ٣ˮҲԽСһͿԷǳԵжṦ֮Ĳࡣ
ഫ貨΢Ṧĸ֣һṦﵽľ֣һˮرϰ书ʱȻ书ûжô򣬵ȴṦС
һṦԾһΣԭ»Щˮ̾ϢƽȥһȦȦɢͷ·˵һ
һĻֵӿˣ貨΢֣ʱǸˮϴݲȵߵ̬ı˳
Ҳλֵϲټ֣ṦҲʽĶ貨΢֡
һഫŶṦ䵽ҦҵȻҲʶһ貨΢űƳ֮ṦڿûؼҲ޷һ¡
ҿǻǼ·ɣձϹмһ£ǵĽֱȸղ˰СʱԽɽ·Խߣҿɲ˭棬½ҿΪ׼˴ƾأ
Ҧ׿һɫæ˵
ǻǼ·ɣȡҪϵŴ壬Ȼɽסһ޵ζɲܡ
ҦҲͬˣֿѡڵһˣҿҪǾͺһ߰ɣ˶Ӧ˵ﻹС֣ʲô飬СҲʱܽġ
ҲãǾͶˣһ·ϣСֵ΢Ӧһ£Ӹм
һ˼ͬʵͲҦô˵ֻԼ˼ѣϾô˵Ҳһֹڵǵǰӡ
ǰʵ̫ˣһһǰУԵӦǻ֣˳ĵŴ塣
æ˰˵һǳǫģ
ˣǾͲվһһİɣ
Ҧ΢΢һЦ
Ҫһ˲ڵĶ߱ϾҦҵӵܺѡڵĵӶˣܿĵһȥ
Ҧ֣ҦҦҵ˰
ڶļڵ˻֮󣬸æҦҵ˴СϢ
԰˵ȻҦˣôˣ
ҦҵһʮԺӣϾҦ˿ֿȵĴǣڻѾ÷ˣһ涼죬ΪҦ˴˲ɫ
һΪҦֻǳͨ˼أû뵽ȻǴҦҳģҦҼҴҵôҦ˳Ȧ
ڵһ˶ʱɻʵ
ǺǣԵҲǺүүһߵģ˵ΪһķȻܶĥºͶԼѡȥӵȦһ̬ʲôо
ߵһҦҵ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ԭҾ˵ҦĴŮҪҦҿҲˣҪʲôУôһ˳ܶԭΪ书ԭ򡣡
һڵĵǶʱȻ
˵ķ书ͻƷǳѣǽ֮һؿкܶķ书󣬶ǿﲻôû뵽ȻôͻˣѵΪ쳾ĵԭ򣿡
ҦҵӵܵЩѽ⡣
Ҳȫ˵Ҳüˣ书һֱû̫Ľչʼǿ֮Ĺؿý룬ʶû֮˳ͻƵ֮
ò֪һСϢҦҵӶʱصС˵
ʲôѵǸҦˣ
ϵļ˶ʱ˹߶߶ʵ
ҹʮа˾žԭ򡣡
ǸҦҵƶ˵һǳȷŵӡ
꣡
һҦҵͻȻ˸ƣһǰ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥʱЦЦĻͷһۣʱж˹书ôԶҲܰǵĶԻһ
ͷһЩˣΪһЦתͷ
ˣС֣÷̻ϹˣԺµСһˣϹɲôöԸģܻܿΧ֡
Ҧе˵
İɣϹαұʩչħ󷨣ܸչķķɣҪָǰΪҲ֪Ǻˣ˵ҲΪˣʹһغҲǿܵġ
΢΢һЦ˿ķ̻͵ı
С˵ҲеηϹôصˣпӹСֵ׷ɱҲӲĽƹ죬ĬĬŵĸ䡣
ҦҲЦ˵
ˣڴʲôȻ÷Ϲ½ҵǿ壬ƴű½Ҹ׷ɱķնҪǿ᣿
Ҧ忴ڶм令͵һӣЩʵ


505 
Ҧôʣӵһ˿ԥ˿ԥʧˣٶ֮ûκ˲ֻԼ֪
ǺصģǶˣСָոջһæǵȻûʲôϵϣǲҪţϾҲ̫鷳
С˵ͬʱĹ۲һܵһǳСĽӡ
֣µȷ¹شĻǲҪ˵ĺãϢ¶
ҦһôģʱҲ˹ĶǺĶҲϹԳˡ
ͱ˲˵㻹ʲô˵ġ
ҡͷһЦΪĹϵҲ׽ҦҵˣϣַͨʽӵĽӽԺʲôĻҲһ
СĵӣѵҲ֪𣿡
ҦһԺʵ
ȷֻ֪ˣ⣬ֻҵͽ֪ˣָһˣʤ򣬲ûһ
ӵ˵ͷҲеĵǣҪ˶ӣһ˵©죬ʱӵ鷳Ҿû˵Ȼ󣬵ŵȴһƴСıݡ
ݣ
Ҧһ֣ʱȵĵɴ˫ۣЩĿ˷һۡ
ѵǸֻҪһƬҶӣͿý֮ڶʮµıݣ
ҦҲȵСһ䡣
꣡ǲҪŵĺãȷǱݣҲǻԵɺ²ŵõģȡݿǻҴĻΪ͸½ҡ
æһƣС˵
ĶȻҪ͸½ң
Ҧǲˡ
Ϊ˻ȡ콣ŵ߹ʵǲȱȫģĽ½ұţҲǧټƲ˹ϵģݻȡ²콣
ӽһԭί
ԭѹҪµĸһݣִֶǷǳѵõҩˣ½ңǲ̫Կˣ
Ҧ徭̶꣬ۿʲô飬Ǵ˵ĽǶȳȾҪǵ׻㲻㡣
ԿôأѾˣҵıԼʦȥʱԸҪ콣ռһβμӴʱҾûԸ
̾˿ҡҡͷ˵εĴᣬЩӵʵҺҪõһǲܵ飬书ߵĵ֣Ҳûһϣַֻͨʽ½ҽˣ֪½ܲܿݡ
ʲôѾͨϢô½費Ҫ֪
ҦʱüͷµľǲԷҪäĿȥ׼ʱһ˲Ҫ˷Ѳ˷пˮһա

һ̾˵Ѿ׼ˣ½Ǳʱֳ˵ԣֻϣʱ̸ܹһ̸³׵̸װɣ
ҦҦһۣһ񣬼ȻԲ˵£ȻҲɵɵһĴɰʵףͷŻɵ飬ɲЩɵĳġ
ת˻֮һЩʢնʱֻǺҦ΢һ˵ĺ棬Ҳһ˵ĻɷһȺ
Դ־˷̻֮һ·˲ûʲô鷳Ҫ˵鷳ĻǷɽ֮ڰɽһͷҰ
ȫɽɴҰ԰ιҰҪ͵Ķ࣬ʹһôˣͷҰҲķ˹ͷͦŶͺֱײı˹
ּʱĳ֣ٵĳЯֻৼ⣬ͽҰϸ˺ۣҰȻǰëû
ֲ֪ǣҰתˣһڵЦ˺һӣ˽ɱֻͷҰץȥҰԣӸն׼׷ȥͱһȳ˻
վסʲôӣҹԹԵĻȥã
ĵһԾԾԵĵӣû˵
ǣţ
ӰнһĻص˶վãʱִһ͵͵ЦȻǱֳͬЦһѡ
֣˵˵Щӣһ쵽ôأʲôʱܰ书ãҪܳһСľͺˣҲͲôˣ
Ӻɸֵ̾˿Ҧ߿
ҿӾͲ־ͲˣǵķչԼĺúˣʣµľͿԼȥŬˡ
ҦһЦķӵļ
СʱȥˣһҲ𽥵Ľӽ˷Ŵ壬ԶѾϡԿǵĵƹ⣬˳ɽһſԶԶ̵ɽһͷ
ŷŴĽӽ·ҲԽԽǰμӴļɣеˣĴкеԹۣԹԵĸ·ϢҲûС
쵽ˣиʮӣǾͿԺúõЪϢһˡ
Ҧһ˿ӵɫҪ˵ǣȻǲܵģŴǸıһĵطҲǣοﻹôش顣
̫ˡ
ҦĬĬҦļ򣬵ݹһ
İɣôȥˣѾˣֻͻȻص˷Ŵ壬һʱЩпѡ
ҦҡͷһЦȳ˹ȥ
ʵ˵ǽзŴ壬ǿһС򶼲ˣ½ﾭӪ꣬ͰｨʮƣʩһӦȫȫƬСطԸ㡣
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վſڵһλˣҦ˹ٿŵһȺˣʱǰһ΢Ц˵
ҦӻͳһŵɫԼƴС˵˹ȥ
ԭҦүӣθҦҰŵĵطڴƾӣһֱǰߣʮݾˡ
һϵݣЦָһ·
Ҧ˵ͷкҦҵ˸ȥ
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Ҧ΢΢һЦҦҵ뿪ˣǴһЩɺͼ壬½ҰžסĵطЩɢ˺Сɣ½Ҿ͹˲ôˣֻԼҵطоס
СŵȫһɫһɼĴʯ壬ЩʯиʮֹԵˮƽ߶뻮һ֪˻Ϊǻиģʵ½øַıиġ
иЩʯƽʱ֮һܹôɾиʯ壬ҲҪ֮


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ֻǿһʯıԵ֪Щʯ嶼ΪиģȻһ뻮һȻǿԿвͬĵط
ЩʯıԵи쳣Ȼһе׵ӣЩǴһЩëߣôƽǹµĺۼǺӡ
˵Щʯŵ·ǷǳƽģҲӣʯֵͬʱɰƥһصı۴
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½ǧһֱﷱϢһƬɽĺۼǾͻ֪ˡ
ҦʯϻţҦӵ˷ܵĵ˽вɵһ˿
ʱҲ緢ҪҦõΣͨҦҵһߵľ磬ʾôŪˣûԭĿ꣬һˡ
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Ȼڹһ·Ѿ޷ȥˣҦѡһ·һ԰Ҧǿ·ʵ֤·߶ˣЩĳɾѾ֤һУҦҵĵλԶԶһ־Ϳġ
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ҦЦ˵ǰȥƿ˴ţŲûҲûеӸ½ҵĵͷϺԾûŶûйϵװֻΪۡ
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һĳ˵ҦҵһȺѾȲҪȥһˣϾǺѿ˶֮˼һ𣬱Ͼʵͨ˵ҪԶ
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꣬½½μӴ˶Ѿˣֵﲻȫˣ󲿷ֶɺͼƳֵģҲ˵СȺ塣
ֻϢһ³˶ٷĹ򣬽ֵѾʱֵĶ࣬·ʼ˰С̯λˣЩ˵Ȼ½ҵˣǸϹμӴˡ
½ʮһξٰĴᣬμӵĲֹҪ̨Եˣǹι۵ˣܶ˵ѾԳʮ꣬ǵ书ǷǳĸûͻƵ֮ˡ
ۿֵıҲһֽĺܺõķʽܶƽʱ벻ĵط벻ͨĵطڿֹеʱ򶼿ܻΪʲôϻôۿԭ
߹·ѩΣÿһΪκƵĹʽһ
ؼһݣṦҪĿһ£ǳţ
·ԵС̯ʼ˸ֺ˵ţ˵עϾˣûһ˻ͨˣ书ǺǿҲǸߡ
ҲвõĵطЩ˵۹ⶼܸߣɲһͨͻᱻƵģ̯ܵϵĺܶණͣפۿɺ١
֮ǰѩεǸˣѩεԲȥЧЧҲʮֵޣû˵ôĹЧ
ʱóҲЩҪʱŵˣϣؼʱܹݺݵһʣƽʱʱûҪصĶԸԼ
ֵʯ·ķǳĳԵĹһ£н幫ô·ȫǸʽķݣƽʱ·סĵطʯ·ľͷĵطƽʱûסġ
ֻоִٰʱ򣬻½Ҿмᣬص½ҷ֧˶ϻҲʱסĵطʮһε½ұᣬɺͼ˾ס
˸ʹµķ⣬ʣķݶ½˿ܵģЩפȥҪɷãòߣֻԵȡһһƶѡ
Ͼû˿ܵĻһЩССɵΪסһݴʱͻƾ鷳½Ҿ˳ЩݣһЭá
ʯ·һ·ǰУҲ˸ָĹߣеĴװģէһͺһɹİһеǴŹŴ·²ۣһͷЩϰߡ
˵ûʲôι״˿ǶȥˣڸʱϹֶ˺ܶ࣬˵ǰСϷˡ
ʱһϤӰǰʱһ̾͸ȥ


507 ½
һˣҹȥһˣȹš
һ仰һȺʧˣٶ֮Ҧҵ˸˵
ֵٶȿ̫ˣ⻹ûṦأ֪Ҧҵ貨΢֮һεȿµľ磡
ҦҵһȺ˶ʱ̾˵
ѧһϵΪȷֵӣԺлһҪ̡
Ҧ̫ҲһĽ츳ҦһĵѾǳ͵ľӢˣһǰһС׼׵ĸо
ѽˣȥ˵˵ûָһҲٳ߸ͷһأ
һȺҦӵܶʱһ
˺ܺõģǿдѽʱ϶ָһġ
ҦһЦЦȻ˵
Ȼ֪ҦѾˣǿ϶ûʲôϣˣǵֵסҦ˵ջһʱЩʧ
ȣȥǰ濴ɣҪɵվˣֵӦûԼȥġ
Ҧ̫һͷǰȥһȺæȥ
˵Ⱥ֮Уļ͵һŶñ˵һȻסǸ˵ļ
½磬ôؼһˣ⸱ģֲǹʲô˵顣
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Ǻһ˵ģǵĿǰΪֹԵ鶼ûи߹κˣΪһ˿׵Ľĵܡ
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ָΪװ֮һǴϽģ٣Ȼ޷ı壬˳µĽһԵĶ˽ȥ
ŵڴ򲻿ĽָľҪöֱӣҲҪڵΪ⻹֮ǰѾ˽ָָҲһ˿Ϣ
ҪǿĨȥǰԼµӡǲܵ飬һɽںĸ֣Ϊٶ࣬Ҳһûн𵤴ɵ߿Ժġ
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Ҳʱû϶ëģ׼ҪμεĴᣬһֱУҲǺкôġ
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508 ֵ֮
ڹķһû˵ӦǼҴӱĵطõģǼұĹӦ֪Ŷԡ
½һ˼Ϳ϶ҡҡͷ
ӱĵطõĵģڼҲ˿Բ溮ڹķΪֹҲһɹˣҲ˴˺ܶ⡣
εĵ˵ͷ½û˵ڹķĺ˻֪ˣҲֻһ˶ܶҪԼȥ
ʽбףҲ̫ˣܹɹĻʵȱǿܶģϾȫԼĹͱ˴ڵ¡
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ҶһҲǱȽΣյģһҲߣʲô鶼޷չ˵ϴͻȻбҾڼżʱѹ
ʼ磬Ա˽ͲǱкֻܴôһʰˣ˵ѾΪҵ˺ʵĽֻҪǿ֮ͿԿĺ
һ֮תͷ뿪ˣϾ½ﲻʺϳʱĳ֣Ȼڴ˶࣬ûʲôע⵽ǣС޴ڼƻûʵʩ֮ǰǵõ͵һЩ
ȵת뿪ˣ½ҲһߵС˹ȥϤƹ˼ӣһСլԺǰ֮ͣվ
һĹľž֨ѽһһϸ죬ϸпԿһֻ۾ڽ⿴š
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Ժ½ժñӣǰŹݺӣɵЩ겻ѡ
ȣôûˣ˵ЩʲôЩһ棬ô
½ľ½õֵܣ½Ǽ֮½ҲͱòܴˣסһƽСԺӾͿԿˡ
Ժ򵥵İݷʯӺ͵ӣΨһһƽӳĴҲԿûʲôİڼǼ򵥵ļҾ߶ѣĶҲûˡ
ĺܺã½ȴĲã㣬
ԺһȦ½ۿ΢죬ľ˾½Ҳǳ͵ľӢһʱͷ˫Դ±ϳ½֮½ľĵλҲһǧɡ
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½ľһɵӣУȴͷ¶һʮֲɣϢ
ߣģ½ҵǵֻǧĴУðҷû뵽Ȼϳ½ңλҾҪõ鳹׵ع⣡
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ߣ½ǵУһ᳹׵ĸ࣬Ϊ½ҵˣҲܾӲһǰȫһˣұʹ½ңҲòӣ
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ˣߵЩ꣬Ƕðɣ
ĸĸ½ȭͷ˿Ҳɵһ˿Ρ

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΢΢ҡҡͷ½ľ˵Ҿһҹ̣һһޣҲ˵һҲڼƬĬĬᣬƶ϶ͳɼɡ
½ľ̾˿½ԶϵĴܴ󣬱½һҫ۵ǣȴתۼͱϳ½ңĴǷǳ
⻹Ƕ½ĴĴǰִĨȥˣҲζŴӴ½û˴ڹ֮˶֪½һ½ôһˡ
ǶԶϴ飬ЩһڼУڼϵг󣬶ԼĹгԽκθ飬Լĺӱ˼壬ȥ׵֣öܹġ
λų⣬˼ӵУ֧˶ʮ꣬ջͳɼգ½ĸ֮ĸҲ׷ɷȥֱǰûټһۡ
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ôûйֹ㣬ֻźûټһ棬Ҳ֪ô
½ľ½ļ򣬡˶࣬ȵٳһЩʱҴȥѡλúܺãɽˮɽˮ㡣
лл㣬ľ
Ĩһˮ½˵ʱ½ľʮֵĸм½ľڵĻ¸ĸ˶ûһ֮ء


509 ɽҰ
ȵҹʱ½ľ½ĵسţʱĽֵѾûˣ½ҵˣͶѾˣҲȵڶ죬ʱ򵽴ġ
ʯֵһξ룬˳һصСֱӳɽ˹ȥȻ½书Ǹ˷ϳˣô㻹˻ֻûʲô̫Ľѡ
½ľһֱһĬĬҲûʲô˸йĽôȥˣҲû֪½ľΪ׵˺־ء
˵ɽֻǼС°ˣ˶˳ɽɿǰԼɽȥĻʮӵĹ˲ŵһʮصɽǰ½ľͣ˽Ų
½½ľҲͬʱͣͻȻеһĵʹǰɽһ׼ķĹǰһɫʯŵĸ䡣
ȸ½֣ĸ¬ޥ֮ĹĹֻ֣֮˵䲢ûпȥ
̵ģ֪һģôҶһֱһ㣬Ըͷǳĺǿʹ˼壬ʼûеͷ
½ľǰķĹʱ⣬Ҳǲɵ겻ѡ
ǰȥ½ͨһþõûɽصѹֵĳֱʱ޶Ϊ½ҵĵͷ±½ҵ˷֣Ѿˡ
һѾϳˣûʸصеģοѾϳ͸Ӳܻصˣ½ˣɻǻˡ
֣裬Т
ûʲôĻ½ڸĸķĹǰߵͷһߵӣĹϿٵĿ˲Т½߸֣ԭվ
߰ɣȻ˺٣пܻ˹ģǻǿЩ뿪ȽϺá
½ľĹҲһ½뿪ˡ
˻ص½ľסСԺ½ڷﰲٺã½ľȥһ裬½һ󱭡
λ׼ô죿
æһ֮½ľæʵ½̫½ҪӲĻ㱳ǿ½ҵĵͷ϶ûãҪʰ½ʵ̫ˡ
İɣľѾ˳׼ɲǻģǰϼһ뿪ˣһǺڵģ½ǧǧ򣬾ܾˣ
˼Ȳ裬½ֳһ˿Ѫɫ½ľ΢΢һЦ
ȻĸѾȥ½ǳû˺֮ǣ˼ɵĸ⣬ǿȫȫִԤļƻˡ
ðɣҷģǲΪǱԼҪշܶ鲻ؼһʱ
½ľҲû˵ʲôϾ½˽ⲻˣôȥˣҲûб䡣
̸ŻʱǱҲѾȥ˴ӣϲûϢǴҦ˵ķ˲ûиʲô£ֻѡ
Ҧҵû貨΢ؼ֮ǰҦѾȲȰ֪ؼһִڸϾҦҦ׶Ѿͬ⴫ؼˣǰһѧҲûʲô
ҦΪʵ㣬ѧϰ貨΢ؼޣؼϲûѧȫֻѧ֮һѣ⻹ΪҦŮôʵҦѧϰ貨΢ʸûС
ֻôһݣú棬貨΢ǺųСΧŲṦȻҦϰĻǺ룬һǼΪ˵ġ
֮ǰǿ֮ΪͨĹֱ߱ڹͻֻǲһСʱʱ䣬վʱĶһԵҦ˶һ
գۼھѾû˰˸ʵʻĲӰվŹԵУӰһֱڲϵıãܹ貨΢ϰ߾磬ӰԻûʮĸõ˸޴ӷֱ١
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ȵڷϰһ֮ͣΣҦ˶ʱһƣȸԾǿԣʹҦ˿Ҳò˼飬˵ˣ˶˽⻹ûҦ
貨΢¶ṦѧҿǷҦһ顣
΢΢һЦḧһҦ˵㷢
ҪЩүүǲҪ㻹Ҧʲôġ
Ҧ΢΢һЦ̧ͷ˵
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΢΢ҡҡͷȴûж˵ʲô̫ĶҲҦȥ˵ֻϣҦܹһֱôĿ־ͺãЩӰ˵飬ȻȥҦ֮ദ
һ߷Ҧ׺ҦںŲ裬Ҧ˷ĶʱһЦ
СѾѧǲֳ׵ˣŻСʱȻ쳣ˣѧ貨΢˵Ҳʲôɣ
Ҧ΢΢һʱһţٹϸµĶԻûȥˣϾ֮˽ܻһͷϹҲ̫á
Сֵ츳ѧ貨΢Ȼʲôѵ⣬Ṧ֮ϰҪʴϻ֮⣬Ҫǿ߶ܴﵽѸٱεĿġ
ҦΪ˲˺ܶ࣬ȻûҦ׶ĿС˵ʲô⣬ʻСֶһһٶȿҲǿġ
貨΢δĵһСӦʤȯˣһ֮УӦû˿Ժȼˡ
Ҧ׵˵ͷЦźһڲ衣
ȻҪС֣µһĸֳУͨһ֮ˣһСֵĶ֡
ҦҲЦ豭Ĵ˴תĲҶ
һҦҵķͷǳˣ˿ǸҦ˸Ůѽ
Ҧ֮飬ˣһëҪһëĻǾŵ̫ˣֱ˶ûȥˡ
ڶһ磬ʱʯֵѾ˸ֵڶμӴҲ½½ĵ˷Ŵ壬Щڽֵ԰̯˶ʱַ׷ð˳ƺҪϢһ
һҦҵ˶ʱҲ׷ϴ½רŵźǣһˣʮӵʱ䣬˹
ϰ֮˱ȳǸܳԵģΪǵܸӵǿ󣬵Ȼϰ֮ƽʱҲԲԣƾڵͿάģܹʳʱ򣬻ûм˻ȥܾġ
˳緹ʱſڽһˣҦ̧ͷһʱЦ
ģôˣ
꣬ҦվЦ
Ҫȫؼɱ˵ĶģֻͷһˣؼɾǴˡ
ҦɶʱЦ


510 貨΢
Ҧһ绰ɰҦҵ˸æˣϾ͸һҦṦطһ£Щ˵ٶǮҲһŶؼ
ҦϾҦּô꣬ҲȷǰҦҾӪͰɽΪ˴ѾõҦµһϿɣ飬ҦҾһ֮ջͬˣҦ۹⡣
˭ؼĸȴҦ˺þãղžҦһˣҦҵ˵УֻҦһ˽貨΢ˣʲõĳεĿԱ
С֣һ£˵үүҦɣҲҦ貨΢Ṧϵ߳ɾߡ
ҦЦŸһ
Ŷô˵ⱾؼҪģ
Ҧɿһͬվһ˿⡣
үӣҾҵõүүʶŶṦķʵҡ
䣬˼£һĲӰٶʱѾվҦɵǰ
СӣһҹĹ򣬾ȻѾ貨΢μ汸˵Ĳһţ
Ҧ貨΢Ͻ˼ʮ꣬תŲĲˣѾ貨΢ľ裬裬ǺܶϰһӶ޷յġ
Լˣ貨΢ʮ󣬲𽥵˾裬û뵽ֻһҹĹûеõ汾貨΢ؼ£Ѿˡ
үӹˣҲżжѡ
ǫ˵
˵ˣǰˣһ˻ˣ˵ЩͷҲ˸˳ʱˡ
ҦҡͷһЦӻͳһŵķĶݸ˵貨΢ؼ̰֮ⱾؼٵûеõҦҵ֮ͬǰҲԴˣҦҵˣͬ⣿
ȻҦҵľѧȻҪҦҵͬ⡣
̵˵ͷġ
ãȥѧɣѾȲҪ㾿ʲô̶ˣٹǴٿӣϣ֮ǰܹĶҲһʤ㡣
ҦˬʵһЦ
ǣҾ¥ȥˡ
ӹǱŵؼ˴һк¥ȥˣҲڴ貨΢жô棬ԺųԭֵһṦ
ѽôļһ͸ϵ緹û԰ɣһһɣˣүүһ
ҦкҦ£ҦǹɵĵһȥһµʢһС˵Ҧɵǰ
һʱûˣѾͷԽԽˮˣѹСĸֶˣүү޳һ԰
ҦЦźҦ˵һ죬ҵӦһתͷȥˡ
ǳʱ䣬ûʲôɣ
Ҧһ߳Сˣһһ䡣
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ҦɴһӣĺһСࡣ
ǾͺãǾͺá
Ҧȫĵ˵˼ҵϣ뱲Ӷ׸˼壬Ȼϣʲô顣
߻ص˷غ֮ӱϣõһĽ˿¶ʵʵһװؼĸɷĸ֡貨΢
ؼ֮ǰҳٵɨһ飬ЩҦ˾ѾݣЩҪȥģһʱͱˡ
貨΢ṦǸݾŹԴģóСΧŲƺ㣬ݾŹԵı仯ͣһǧʰֱ仯
Щ仯Ľһ𣬴±仯޾֮ΪԭһṦȻǿѨĴ꣬ʵ顣
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ȻҦѾ貨΢ɣ֮ȫпܱӵǿ󣬸ܷӳ貨΢ԣΪ츳ҪԶԶĳҦɡ
Ѹ죬Ʈ貨΢
޳Σֹڣ
貨΢Ṧ߾棬й֮ͨܣ־磬˵κε˶ڲ֮ء
Сʱʱ䣬ڽⱾ貨΢ؼͷβĿһ飬ؼ֮һ궯ǿʱӿֱӽֽʵؼһм
ʼһĲؼĸԺӹ˵ƮɲӰĲӰԺ֣ЩӰϵۻϣγһ޴ľŹͼ
⸱ͼԺ͵ʱͻȻ˿һĿľʱбһѾ뿪ӡ
Ȼû뿪䣬ǷѾȫӰˣֻХķصļʱ仺ţķԽԽСձ᲻š
ɿӰ·Ѿ׵˿֮УȻкܶļҾӰ裬ƶ£ȴûκεĶǺεȵľˡ
ҦڳĿɿڴˣ䵽ڣѾȥ˽ʱ䣬ʱѾ貨΢̶ֳȣֱǷ˼顣
ʵ˵貨΢Ҫ񽣺̫ȭֶ书ҪΪŲǽھŹԵͼ֮ϣǡö뷨ǳ˽⣬һ󷨴ʦ
貨΢ĸͼ֮ʣµľǿ˶иֱ仯ںˣҪѵ츳츳ߵҲ׷ӳ貨΢ǿ
ۻ̣֮ͼ滹ǾԵרңŲֱרΪһûһ˿˿谭
˷ţʱѾҹʱ֣ٹСʱ½ʮһȵıٿʱ䣬ߵĴߣĿһ˵ʯֵһ˶Щ顣
ʱӰϢĴ·ʯֵ˹ȥȻṦ֣ٱϮķͣҪṦﵽһľ磬ЧղŹȥļӰ
֪ΪΣͻȻ΢΢һܸоʲô鷢ϸʲôĽ²һŲ˲ʧ˴ߡ


511 Ӱħ
貨΢֮ķǳľˣתŲһȫµľ磬ֱٶҲǱĸӵĿ¡
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½ҵĵͷϣȻҹ˹ܳһͶṦ֣Ȼһǲ׼µģڤڤ֮иоƺһЩ
زˣǷǳŵģһֶһ֮󣬲ܴиӦϢȻΪ֮ǰ˶ɽڵԭ
ڻܱڶɽڵǿ֮ôͿ׵Щ˺֮便ᷢһЩʲôϾЩ˶˵ֻͨˣԶԶﲻӰĳ̶ȡ
ʵԽǿˣоԽ飬ǹȥδǳѣΪǿʵѾŤһεܣʱ̸
Ѿûôǿ֮ͦǲһЩѣֻܴģĸӦǾģĸоҲӣѡ̸ȥᷢʲô顣
ѧ貨΢֮ıǿ࣬ʲôΣյĻҪҲʲô⣬ͼһžɵ貨΢ȫҦܹġ
¾ҦɱԿʩչ貨΢Ҳֱɵ۵ģ貨΢ȻȲ˼ľ硣
׷һξǰļӰһͼһСҲһ˽ȥԶĵں档
ǼӰһСԺǰͷʾһֱһݣһԽԺӲ׵Χǽ
ȻǱǷˣôˣʼնûз
Ժ½ʯԱߣ½ľҲţ˶û˯ԺƺڵʲôһȻЩڰҹʱֵʱ͵ˡ
뿪ô꣬㲻Ӧûģ鳤ϻжô𾪺ͷŭӦȻ֪ΪʲôðôķջǳϻѾ㲻ʺεˡ
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֪ˣ½ҵĸ߲㣬һ˶֪½ҾȻôֲڣץ½ˣӰħĳԱһԾ
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˫ֵĵطһǿˣȻһ˫ֱӾͶˣûκεĻڡ
һ֮Ӱħһ½ľȻҲеԲʵһԿŵ½һû뵽Ե½ľ书Ȼ
ѹһľû뵽ľô꣬书ȻѾ˾ء
½һ˿âľ㰲½ҵĺˣȻ˶ʮ꣬ҵЩСˣһͷǿȻûеġ
½죡㲻ҪѪˣ¸ľûκιϵҪֹûʵĽڣ
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Ӱ֮һɢ˿Ժﲻͬķ½˷˹ڶԷɢ˶Σ½ľʱѹҲͬʱס½еķ
Сģ
һ֮½ľƶʱǣԭִƤʱ紵һƤ˲ͱù⻬۽Ƕͷ̾ʧˡ
ֻգۼĹ½ľͱһʮҵ˵ģ͸ղǸ̬ӵӼֱǲͬն仯֮һվû½춼۽΢΢˼¡
½ľĪǿķ
½һ˿ɻ


512 ķ
ķʹ½ңҲǺ˻ѡȥһ书书ԷţҪдʹǻ۲ʱҪֹˮ·ήһе
Ϊʲô½ľ֮ǰһ̬ӵӣΪǿ׵ʱ򣬾Ƿ·˽˳ĺ֮ӡ
ǿķһʼͻὫƽʱȫһ˲չֳǿǿķĿִ֮ŵǷǳǿġ
ǿķ̫Ҳ̫ÿźܶ˶ѡȥ书ǰЩúܶ˶ȴĿǰ½书Ƿǳٵģ½ľһ
Ƥ紵һƤҲһӨĹ󣬿ͬɷķһ㣬һصĹԣڵҹﶼ΢΢ĸо
Ϊ½ʮǰ书漸˷ϳЩǲиŬվ׷½ľЩͬʱڵˣӰħΧ½ľֱӿʼƴˣʹѹ׵Ŀķ
˿ʼҽֵʱԺϢһӰӰվԺ棬֮ǰһֱЩӰȫϢһɶʹôľ룬ҲûзȻ˵
վ澲һʱ֪ΪʲôӦˣԭ½صĵطѵЩӰж֮󣬳һֻн
Ȼ۾ܴ͸ǽںԺţԺԺ潻ֲļֻǸоһԺͳһȺ˽ֵĻ棬ֻͨĻصʹ˻Ļ档
ڵû˰Ļ½½ľ˻ҪܵĽ֣Ϊ½ЩӰħԱĶ֣ȫ½ľһ԰һ½ľ֧Ųס˾ͻܡ
ؼһһֱŵ½첢ûг֣µӰħԱΧ½ˣһȥܵٶȼͳɶ֣ûʲô̵Ļᡣ
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½һԿһֹƾӰħԱϣһʱ䲢ûа취½½ľˣ֮ҪٰˣŴѾ˺ܶɵߣĳ䣬Ҳ׼һˡ
󣡡
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ɣ½죬ֻô㱾𣿱ΪӰħĹж󳤽ԭһ
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½쵭˵·Ⲣһʲô˵顣
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˵ʲô쳤ϻִУʲôʱǾȥֱ˵ɡ
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ȫһ½ִӸ滮һصϢʱƮɢ˳һַǳĹϢ֮ͨϵһ
һ֮ˣΪ峤£ԽԽǿѪ֮ҲӵʢѪǿ֮֮˵Ĺԣһ͵书书Ҳһ
缧ľǺԵĺȻ߶ʱϵȷǻɢΧֻǹԣɻɢѪǻŵ϶еϢ
½ϵϢȴǴѪɢһаϢʮֵ䣬书ģ˽ֻǲһ˿ϢϾһ䡣
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Ҫ½ľһֱ½죬˵һ¾ͻᱻ͵Ϯɹˣ½ֱ֮ӹ½ľΪ½ûʲô̫ǿʵֻҪ½ľˣ½Ҳֻ־ˡ
½ľȻҲ֪һ㣬Ӧ½ʱСģ½ڵ˫СĵûȥֱӽӴʱעֱ֮ϣһãӲ½һơ
ཻʱһ󾢷磬½ľŵŵĻ½Ҳһתص˸ղŹķλ
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½ľۼ΢΢̾˿еƷʱһ䣬̱ùӺ˫ۿؼ䣬һʱ÷ͷ˫ȻǰӲĸ˿


513 
һΧ½ľӰħԱ֮һ½챾ˣֱΪɵ½ľû뵽½ľȻĽҪͷͻȻǿޱȣ־ȻӲ
½巭ת䣬˳һֱӰصʯӴֱ½ľ˹ȥһʯӣһХͷ½ľȥ
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½ľȻϢһҲӣ½ûɵĵһ飬жʱһһ뷨Ϊʲô͵˻ʯӵǰ
˶ֱжΪ٣½ľһ̾ϢӡʯϣʱжһϢĴʯӣмһӡԵͷ·𱻽һ㣬Ȼɡ
½һͷ΢΢ɼľȶȻǲᣬû뵽½ľȻѾֵزϢĴ͸˺ʯӡ
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ʱ·һˣһ룬ͻȻһȻ죬ʯӵ½ľһƽ˫½ֱӺɵ˼׿⣬˽ֲǿֱӽʯըƬ
ܣǰƣ
ܿһѪ½ɫȻûܶصˣʱеľȿҪϵضˣΪϳ½ľʹõƷǴİơ
ڵǿʱʮƾƷû֮һʹʮҲôеڶſڰƱȼƷʹе书жһġ
ǰϰǳѣҲܻʱ䣬ҪʱҪΤƵȻƷһҪƵĵزҪʮĹ
µһλɮ˴֮ǾףһεĽУȻһƴ˽һ޴ͭ¯Դӡ
½ľ̶ܹȣ½һƶӲԶľһƱ½죬Ȼ½ľûңֻǴͨƵƤëѡ
Ҳ½ʮֵľˣû뵽½ľȻ˰ƣֻ˿ķѣͬʱƷ书ֱ޷졣
ƲڽʮֵϬڻ巽涼ʮֵĲףȽСһŹؼ汸ľѧټϿķǿ󱬷½ľӰħĽֵܼڡ
ǰƣҿ޽ʮ꣬˰Ƶľ磬벻һζˣȻ㣡
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514 Ѫӡ
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ѪӡԿѪҺ̺ǿֱ̺еڶʱǿʵǰΪ֪һе½Ҹ߲㣬ûж͸¶
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Ϊûе֮ͨľ磬޷书ȱݣȻҲΪ书ǳ
ֻ̾˿΢΢ҡҡͷ½ЩΪ½ҵӰħˣ½ȻǲעôණģֻҪܿٵս½Ѿ㹻ˡ
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֮ˣֻҪﵽ֮һ㶼޲ֵĻһ꣬อǷǳģֻҪ˲ӣǱʲôˣԪɵ顣
ļԽĻ֮ʱอҲᱻĸǿʱ˱ԪҲڵԪѾɳˡ


515 Ṧ
ڵΪȻûн쾳ʵѾޱƽˣԪԶһ֮ĸ֣Ĵء
Ӱħ֮ȻҲбȼĸ֣ǰҲǳ쾳ĸ֣ЩֱӦƳԪȴһ㶼ûܵľΪĿݽȻ
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ȻǶֲֺɵ˺Ȼǲܸ½֮˵ģҾҲûãҪǿΪϧҩݣĿǰڵ϶ûа취ʵ֡
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ϾҲֻ½ҳͷأǳΪʲô֣ЩνҲûзϡ
ڱ˵ƣȫһˣ˵ӰħѪӡȱݵһ书Ϊٶȷǳ죬ҲûʲôԵȱݣȱɴڣֻصĸ˶ѡ
˵Ƿ֮󣬼½𾪵ɫ֮һɲǵĶʧʱ䣬²һѾֱӵ½ǰ
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Сֵ书ףܹʶ㣬ҲĻ컯
½ľæЦĸ֣Ȼȥͺ٣ҲʲôĵطϾ书ΪԶԶĶ֡
΢΢һЦûж˵ʲôǽƿӻһСƿǸղ½ͷʮɢǸСƿӣ׷ӣСĴƿڣ¶һ϶ÿһᡣ
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ʵʮɢûнⶾ֮ǰǸаģ½ľΪԷһǽЩ˸ʵʵʱʲô⡣
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516 ½Ҹ
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һ񹦣½һû֪ķΧڣû鷢ģڳϻûʲôİţǾͲܹ֪ˡ
Ϊ½ľ½ļƻŻһ˭Ҳ֪ѡ˱ڤ֮󣬳ϻ˻ʲôӦϾǰɴûгֹ
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һٶεĴϣ½ֻʧζѣζõһ֣ںУΪ۰һľ֣һ˿Աġ
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517 Ҧҳ
ǲ̫ñȽϣϾ½½֮Ѿ湫ֹˣһЩСϢ½ΪҲСҲΪ½ܹСֵȡ
½ľ˼һص˵ϾܹͣΪȾˣôֻСֵһû˵ڶˡ
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½¶һ˿Ц⣬ʶˣ˼ֱΪţٶñʵĶ޷ֻܾηıӵ̬
ûн֮ǰҲȷ½ൽжǿϾֳԽҵҲǺģûʲôϡĵطڱῪʼʱ½һֵģʱǾͿԺúõĿһˡ
һЦһƵӣǿʵ飬ʮµ˵УҲԺȼ
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һ½뿪ˣʣ½ľʰԺĶȥиһµʯӣԺӻָԭȵĲá
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үӣǴ书Ķʦ½һ㶼ֱӽ½硣
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֮裬ݸ½һ赭д˵·ǲֻһС°ˣֵһᡣ
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Ҧһרҵˣķգû˱ˣʱΪ˸Ļ㱨ǰڵķǱҪеģû˿ԲͶ
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519 ֫ħ
ʹǶԴԼˣҲûκεĴ
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520 
ʷһж˼ȭ˻˰֫ħĳƺţ
ȽϸȤܹƺŵˣʵȱ뺷ˣʵһϿɣŻὫƺżͷϡ
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ҦҡҡͷҲ֪м˴ﵽ˰֫ħľ硣
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飬ִ˵Ȼܼ򵥣ǧǰȷʵǺ˲õļ


521 Ҧҵһα
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Щѡеһʮ߸öӦ䳡ڵʮ߸̨ʮ̨ȵڱ䳡ڣмһ̨½վŵ̨ڲûб䡣
ĿǳǿȻԶҲͽϵȫһ飬һıУûһǧһһʮһ룬ȴҦ˵ĺʮš
еĺ뷢ŵʱǴ˳ģǰռһηţΪ˱ڲʱѡͬһɵ˽б䡣
ȻһѾȫôҲͼʱʽٿˣȻʱѾӽ磬ڳȫ֮ˣûн֮ҲͨǿϷǳ࣬Ȼǲһٷġ
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Ȼ书ԶʤԷôҲǿԵģһ½ҲûǿҪ󣬱ϾҸ书ͬȻóһ棬̨䣬óó书ˡ
ӹǱҦ˽²ƣ͵λԱߵߵ̨ϣûд̨ȥֱ׷˶ʱƮ𣬾ôӿֱ̨ӷɵ̨֮ϡ
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ǸһĴӣηǳĿ࣬н׸ߣϿŵľŻ󵶣ѾԱȵҦ˵ߣһͷǳ͡
ǵĴȺ̫ãż˵ʱ䡣
Ҧֳֽ˫Ҿ΢΢һ˱׼ļڣʱȻôˣΪЩ죬ﶼ֮ˣȻЩϰֱ˳
ɫ㣬ҵȺһЩʱ䲢ûʲôȻύ֮ʱҿɲ飬ﲻܳԳȥ뾡䣬Ҵ˹
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ģļֲȥˣһᾡġ
ҦһЦȻӣĴƺΪʮֵ峺Ƿǳļᶨ
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пһˣǵĶԻ
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৵һַأһ
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ҦȻ򶷵ľȽ٣ҦʱҲһȺֵܽιУڻĴ·Ǻģ˸ȻǲȥӲƴǾΧߣϵŻѰһᡣ
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һ˾ͽ;ѧһʱ䣬²ΪˣԲȥطѰҰ취ѹҲ׳񣬾Ҫڳ˾ͽ㱳
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ǧһپʮţһӵʱ䣬ٲ̨ΪԶ
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525 
֮ﺰСӣΪǰֵԲֻһ࣬һӣֶȣǳĺЦ
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ҲΪʲô˯˶û˽ԭ򣬸û֪ǧһپʮţûԼĺ룬ϵҦҲʾġ
ĶֵĺúѽȻǸԲСӣ
ҦһǸСӣʱһЦ
ǸСе㲻򵥣ڵȻӰ֣²ôöԸġ
Ҧ׵һı飬ϸĴǸСӡ
书һ㣬ҲǰĶ֣үүͲҪ
ҦЦһĲں޵еģҪ˵һеˣЩѾõĸҲþĶ֣Ǹ׷ļɹķ̻͡
ҽͳٺ٣ʱǸķʦһ֡
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ΧĿ̨϶ʱһƬ۷׷׵һ⣬ǲģͳĿ¹£ǲΪƽֵܹĹ
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˵һƣͳǰζʱһɲͣһ壬ֻŶʯУһȣȫת

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վ̨Ե½ҲУҲΪ̨ϵĶʵ̫Ҳ³ʧ꼰㣬ֻε̨档
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528 ʦ
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530 ඥ֮
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Ҳһ۾ͰѶֵʵ;翴һǸݾжϣ΢һЩƶ϶ѣоϵϢϢǿȻΪǱȽǿģϢͬأֻǱҪ΢һѡ
ϢˣϢҪǳ׵ͷųһεıͲòμˣֱӿԶΪһΪǹϢʵ̫Ӵˣһǰֶľ
½˽ı֮ڳļҲ½˳뿪˱䳡أ׼ȥһ֮μıᡣ


537 ٽ
ڲμӱ˵Ѿ̭˵ʮֵɣѾȫİȫȫĿʼۿ˱Ḷ́ѧϰͲ˵ı䡣
ڲμӱˣǷǳĳأΪ֪һֻ̭ǲ֪ԼߵһѣΪǰѾֵļΪĸ֣Ѿ½ˡ
ǻһͳģͳΪʵ˲ãȻڵһϳʱùһˣʵʶһεǰʮ
֮˵ǰʮǰΪβμӱ˵Уܻŵĸ֣ЩֻǻûԱƳʵĶ֣Բܼȥ
ű𽥵˺ڣЩʵ˱¶ļҲԽԽˣΪֵͬĸѾ𽥵ÿһֶʵ൱ģϵʵ൱
Ҧҵ˳Ҧ̫⣬ѾȫûҦҦײû˶ʧ෴ڵǴĺãΪΪһ˹ϵȻͳ
ںҦҵһȺ˻֮ͳҲ𽥵չֳ飬˵ֻҪкþƺ⣬һж̸ټΪ֮һʶѣԴǾľȫ޻̸ӡ
֮ѧƶ׼̸ñʹֹˣƣʹ֣Ҳһһľѧ¼ܹѧϰּ书ˣָġ
ֻΪѧ书ѾܶˣҲ׼ھ书׼ȡеľ͸򣬽ͻƵ쾳ľ磬ʱѧֻ˱Ľٶȡ
ѧ̺µľգÿһŶѧǿͻƵ쾳ģֻһžͻˣɼЩѧĸ
ѧôĶѧѾҪڶѧʲôˣҪֻǾúõĸᣬȡЩѧĶȻһͻ쾳
ҦȻǲ֪뷨Ϊ߷ڣмȥ̰ͼѵ棬ʱи߿һ㣬ҦҶˣҲȻӵķˡ
뷨ҪǱ֪ˣҲֻЦЦˣԣȻǲȥЩģҲˣҲʲô¡
ͳҦҵҲѾһƬҦҵҲʱͳ̽һЩѧϵĵãȻͳûѧһϲʦϾʦֵĴĦԺʶȻǱҦȺҪġ
һȺһ𻶾ۣҦҦʵʱҲˣ¥ȥϢȥˣԺҦһ˵£Ⱥ˳ҪΪҦҵһҲǲʱˡ
Ⱥ˵УͳĵĻҦ˺Ҧ̫ҦΪǸŮټϻ书ͳȻǺһģҦ̫ΪѧҦȺߵģҲõͳ
ҲĻԵͳ˶ֱСˣ¾ڿܻڱϳΪ֣Ҳû˿֪ʲô˵ʲôֻҪҦ̫ʳģǼܽ
һһϯʤʮĸоƽʱһʵ̫ɻ̫ǳлֺֽյָ֮
һϣҶţû˯⣬˵һ޲˯Сˣڳ˿ɶǽ֮ˣ֮ҲСˡ
ֲ̫ôҶѣֻĵ·ϱһСѣԺ˵ٶȻļӿ죬ʱֿ̫̣̫ǧƴǰ
ͳһ̳ӣٺһЦ
˵ﻰֻҪôһ죬̫κεƴ֮⣡
Ҧ̫Цҡҡͷһںȸ˱е㴼Һ
ڶһ磬Թ½緹֮Ҧһȥ˱䳡
ıǵ̭ʣµѾļ٣ѡ޵ٶҲļӿˣܿѾˡ
εĵ̭̭߰ʮˣʣµ޷ճһԶԵı֣Եֽ󣬻һֿյȥֵı䣬ֱӽ֡
ӵֵ̭ļҳ̶ȻԶԶĳǰ֣ѾǿԻˮͿԻȥˣܶڵһֺ͵ڶˣڵֵ̭Ϸ׷˱䣬ʹֹ˱·̡
ֵ̭ٶȻҪĶֻ࣬ǲĸСʱʱͽˣֻ߰ʮ˽˵̭ڵ̭ʼ֮ǰ̳һȥμӵֿ
ϷɿתһӺѾֹͣתֶĸһ棬һǧһһһš
ֺڳ˷Ǵ˿ĿѾ֪ˣĶҲѡȨͬų̂䣬ֱڿ̨Ͼˡ
ֿյ鵽ЩһѾȷˣڵֵ̭ǲˣڵֵ̭ڻȥô࣬ܽ˵ɡ
ֵıȻˣȴѱȵֻҪʱ䣬СʱŽˣԽǵ˺ڵı䣬֮ĲԽСȻֳʤٶҲȽӵоԵ⣬϶Ҫһֳܷʤ
ٰ̭ʮĸˣܴǧӱ뵽̭⽫İˣʵ书ÿѧһ϶ʼԼ򣬲Щ򵥵ֻ֪ѧͨˡ
ּһٰʮˣɻҪһֿյһֱѭʱֿյŻᱻȡ
ֵֿͲˣһˣ˵ʵҲͦǿģҲ뵽ֵ̭ˣõֿյ˵Ҳûʲô˵ɫ
ֻҪ½˻ڣЩһҲ˲ΪܵѭҲûκλʤĻᣬֻͽ͵ĶμӼֱ䣬һЩʵսľˡ
˵ֵĶս֮½ı͵˽һе̭
ص˴֮ԭҦҵ˻Ҫһúõĺһ٣Ҧ˵Ҫ䣬Ѿ˵ֵ֣ʵԽԽǿˣϢȽϺãָһ¾񣬱ϾǰһѾûϢˡ
Ȼ˵ûʲôҦ˵ݱϾŮѣĻȻҲҪģһȺҲͻȥϢˡ
ֵ̭ܿͿʼˣһ˳緹ȥ˱䳡֮½̾ʽʼһϳ˵Уһǧһһʮһš
˾ȵǣҲǳˣûֱ䡣


538 ֵĸ
α̨ߺ̨Ҧҿ̨ĸֵ̨ĺǧһپʮһţ̨ϵĲб˵ĺ֮ʱȵڵϣûҪ˼
ʱڳ˴ˣǸǧһپʮһžȻӿ̨Ͼֱܿ͵̨֮ϣվ
һΣôеĹˡ
΢΢һ㶣ҡͷһЦվ
ֵ֪ʵȻ̨ȥҲʵһˣǲ֪мְնԸ֣Ÿôҡڵ̨ȥ
ͳҲһ£ֱҦҵ˶Ѿϰ˶Զ䣬û뵽ھȻһηʵˣھȵͬʱҲ´ǡ
ϾỹҪźÿǿЩͨıѾЩƣˣǵһҺеˣȻһӾˡ
СһЩ˸̨˵ЩʲộǲҪĺá
Ҧں涣һ䡣
Цŵ˵ͷɵ˿̨
һЩϳɵˣ絶һ㣬ʮֵһͷ̶̵ƽߴԼһٰʮ֣ʮֵľ׳
ɽ֣Ҳûһ½ˣúͻȻӦӲϾ
ߵ̨ϵʱǸͻȻ˵ʮֵĵͳ
̨֪գ
΢΢һЦ˸кԼǿ϶ҽˣڲμӱˣ֪Ѿûˡ
ո𣬵һֹ֣ȡ
˵ͷ򵥵ҽһ
ԭǸ֣һᡣ
һЦ΢΢˱ȭ
ˣѵ˽ҲѾȲ˰ɣ̨ϵĹڿｹĺܣ뿴֪Ȼսֵˣһʲô³
ƺʵȻأȴû¶ʲôµζ
ȻҪһʵı䣬ϣֵʵܹǴ۽һ
΢΢תͷһۿ̨ϵˣȻʱ˿̣˶쳤˲ӣ׼ƴġ
л˵룡
쵹ʮֵĸɴ࣬仰к˫һĦڳһƣӲҪʹֻƾֿȭԵС
һҲԿȻһ̵ģΪǰı䣬Ҷ֪ʮѾʮָľ磬ͳƶĶ֡
֪һ£ҳֿȭĶԸ˵书һʮŵģȻ˵дǰŪ
ڳ˼ƺ󣬸ϲûӿֳʲô˵ƣͨİһƶѣûʲôصĵطȻѾ׼ˣҲͲټȥˡ
׼𣿡
תͷһ䡣
ʱԡ
˵ͷƽĿŶ治Զĸ졣
ã
е˵ͷһ˵̨ıԵһ俪ʼ
֮Ҫ˵ôԶҲ˱ʱ˵ϾʵѾ֪ʮƸٱİͳҪ书ĸͣαȵĵһ
еĻ䣬ʲôһѾǰٶޱȣϸʲôƱҲûдļ󣬵ٶȾǿĲ˼顣
˫ֲָɵһϴһȻ򵥣ʤڹٶȹ죬㹻ľ޴󣬼ʹĶҲֻ˿дһХ
֮ͨ˿ٶʹĹһ漫ķڸȴˣĹٶȺԶһ֮ˣڹʱȴû¶ȻѾ˿ѹƷĵز
֮˶һѭ򽥽Ḷ́еʱٴһȻḶ́ζ书˲ͬε¾硣
һʼʱΪٶȺĲ㣬ʽѴʵ֫ͿĦνǧһ죬˼һ֮ˣһӶ򲻳һ
ĲϽ岻ϵļǿܹ֮ӳٶȺҲڲϵӣʱ֫ٶѾ㹻ͿĦʱҲܴб֡
ܹһ֮ˣһȭٽĳƴһȭܴǧĿѾȫĳ˳ˣߵ硣
ļ֮˶ĿԽԽϸӳҲӵǿǿʼԵѹƷѧ֮ļա
ʱ򣬴ıԽ죬յ˿ԽֻΪ㹻ǿԲӲĻǿһ谭
ֻѧﵽһĳ̶ȣܸ˳ŷĹ켣ܿӶһ˲ͻƼ޵ٶȣȫѹƱĳ֡
һ˿ٶȾһ̨ףܴﵽغԵ˵ЧҲԴĽʡϾԿҲһɵ顣
ڲѹƹʱķѹƶʱķԽǿٶȺѹƷԽףΪٶȺ̫ʱڵλʱڽӴĿҲԽ
ܹƶʱѹƷͬʱΪٵƶһܲ򵥵飬ΪԶԶҪȭͷǽĴȭͷѹƷƶʱͲһˡ
ڵĸ죬ڳȭʱѾѹƷľ磬ƶȻ٣ûеѹƷĵز֮ƶûΪƶٶȻı
ִѧѾҪÿҪͻڿļٶȣ´Լʮÿ룬һͻٶȣͿڿµı
ͿԶͨɾ޴˺Ϊͻٶȵļ޺Ҳϣǻ޴ըͨ˸޷Ϯ
ҪͻޣǷǳѵģһԴͷڿ׷Ĵߵ֮¾ͻĸţɸź϶Ϊһ֮󣬶Դıɼѹ
Ȼ˵ͻļٶȣһǸﲻôµٶȵģ˵ƶٶȣǹٶҲѴﵽǴ죬ֻǺͿĦ
ҪѹסҲǷǳѵõģȻƶٶȷ沢ǷǳĿ£ǹٶȷȴѾﵽһĸ߶ȣԼ򣬿ѹס
ȽϺǣûдļȴԱҵĹƺЩ̫ܡ
ΪڵϣûмʴﵽǿĹߡ


539 ɱ
磬ȻеߴڵģһȺߣǿޱȣߣԱⶥⷨһ޴ηһ㡣
ʱҪŵرſԶвϵĸ죬Ƿǳѵģû·ֻǿķѡ
ҪѴľȥһ߶عĸǱȲģĴǿ͵ĹӶﵽ˵ʤĿġ
ڵϣҲǹªˣǴӴ书ؼǸûеģнֺź书Ҳֻǰǿѡ
ǿĿǰΪֹֻϿǿҲǳĵһֻǵǿòûǿ
εı䣬û뵽ȻһǿĲ˼ĹߣԵƾ֮ıߵĵزĴ߶
ȸͻȻԾһǷӦʮֵĿ٣̽һʲôزվԭز˲ܵӲ˸Ƶ
еʱ򣬲ûʹôͬǿֻڻ뱩¶ЩƶѣԽеʱԻá
ʹûˣļӳҲĺǿֻûתʱͻͨ״̬еһȱˡ
˵һҲͲʲôˣǵѾɢȫֻûôŵȻѣǶǾž˵Чġ
֮ɫĽ˸ƵֵλֻǷһѣûʲô˵֣˵Ǻ͵ʱͳȣ½Ԭ־ִ򶷵ʱ򣬶Ҳˡ
ڿ̨Ϲۿ˶ʱһƬȻҲûпԤеĻԵЩʧ˵ĶҲ̫СˣȲԱߵ̨
͸춼û˿ķģΣֻԼûʲôĹʵǷǳǿģ˵ֵԸղŵȣ׵ͱһͷţ
ĹҪǴ˵ϣ³ѾǲԶˣûм˵ܹסĹȡ
֮̽ҲЩȣû뵽ƾѾܹӳĹѹ̨һսֻƾһĻҪҲǲܵ顣
Ȼһ޹֮󣬸첢û˿⣬ͳӳʱ򷢻ӳʵѾˣȻȻҲֹȵǰǰæ
ķŲμӱɺͼ壬Ѿ˳׼Ȼǲ֪ʵûбԴʱ˿ѾչֳʵȴǺܶ˶Ѿˡ
һУ̱仯˹·Ťת֮䣬ѾĨһߵĻ˹ȥ˫Ȼ𣬱Ǽ߸ߵ·Ե͹Сɼһ·ľҡ
һȣ˫ļ͵һͣ˫۶ʱӰһ㷢˹ȻûκεХȴѾ˺ӰÿһӰǸֱ۷Ĺ
ٶȺͦģֻȫʵ𣿡
ͻȻһЦʵܲѾǼΪˣΪǿעҪʧˡ
͵һת籩һʱӵﴦϯ˲һɳƾʹϱ˳ûеֻάͳʱһ
˵̺Ķ٣Ĺ̫Ŀռ䣬ֻԳʹõʱӳһЩˣȡһԿԵһ̺˶
һԵԶԶͨߵģҲΪʲôͬڼûжֵԭΪȫ¶ɵ緢ԺͿ̶Ҳͬľˡ
Ӵ籩һת漴Ŀ·תǿųʱӿ֣ƽ帽ĸӲ˿
ʽҲֻʱȴ˿һ͵Զ۾΢΢Ȼ취ôͻ塣
ղûʹʲô񹦣ֻǵʱųȻٵתĵųѣǾ򵥵ľٶҲøʱ˿
ҪΪǳĸߣϳ㣬ƽʱһֱھҲĹؼ֮һ󲿷ֵ߶ǵ˺޴ʱ뵽ȥһʼѾôˡ
Ȼ֪ʲô԰ǿ󣬵ĸ֣޷ȡʤģȫʵĻҽ㻹ЩɣʹȥҲǲܻʤġ
žվĸ죬ƽ˵Ӹղſʼڣûĳ֣ƾ豬Ѿø˱ˣǿʵÿ̨һȺۿ˲ɵüͷֱ
ֵʵȻ򵥣׵䣬ɲĿģȻѾˣҪʶһֵʵǲС
ͬԵúƽĽѾԤ֮Уûʲôõǵģ̨֮ǰѾһеĴ㣬ƽɵ뵽ʦ˵Ļ
βμӴᣬƾ书һˣϾ书ѾнǧûˣֹȵõŹҲǰǰżȻãǵʱûʺ书
ͷ׷һλϵĳ˵ǸʦϷˣҲֹȵ֮һʵѾ޵ıƽ֮ڵ˵ҲһˣֻƽʱΪ˵͵Ϊ֪ˡ
Ǹʱɼ㣬ʱͷĸǷǳʺ书ԲŰ˹ϤĽ̵ô꣬ⷽĽҲȷǳ⡣
ᣬԭΪһƥû뵽εĴôΣգȻ˺üඥ书ˣһӵĹ
˵Ϸ˲ɵ̾˿书ɾ磬ǲЩˣڲûôĵز»Щ˵Ķ֡
ô죬ʦòײһΣҴʮٰһΣֻʮһµ˲μӣһεĻᣬҾҲûлμˡ
һ˿ʧɫ
湦ĴԭһˣڿĻûϣˡ


540 
˽⵽һЩѧ֪ʶ֮󣬸Ҳ书һЩΪ˶עشΨ湦עضԶֻǸĹ߰ˡ
ĹУҲˮɵͻƵ֮һ֮ȫˣڸ洢˶ҲΪʲô֮ʱܲԭ
Ǹ첻붯ǿʵǵûжÿһЩͿٵھת˹ȥ
УʶĿ뵤޷̫࣬ͬ߶ԣڵٵĿ˵ˡ
ļУҲ𽥵ķ湦ĺôǾûĲǳΣʮ־޴ͬʱȴ˲ײʮֵռơ
ںͬŵʦֵдʱ򣬸ǻʤһֻõһЩʦֵǲƾ辳ϵĲ΢ѹһ¸죬ҪȴҲǲ׵ġ
˶Ըߵľ飬εıҲǳģͳĳ֣½ĳ֣ЩŸͷһ
ÿһ˵̶ȣֹȵĳǲ࣬ǽһӵĹɲǿЦģ¾ҵĹ׵ֵġ
ϷҲΪһ㣬ԲŻ᳤̾һԭһɵĻûˣ⼸ˣȫӲġ
ı䣬½ֱ࣬ɣȥ֪ԵҲǲġ
΢΢ҡҡͷϷ˵ͽɫЩѿɵͽֱܵ΢οһ
ʦһԣǱ䣬ϾɱвЩˣʱҲǿԵģһֱ䣬¶ͽԺӰ졣
˼һ˵һϷĻ
Ҳá
Ϸϸ˼һø˵ҲеֱĻ»ԺĹгħıһҲˣûʲô˵ġ
ţʦ㲻ҪˣڻʣºüأҲһͻ½̬Ķ֣˵лٽһ֡
¶һ˿΢Ц
˵ҲԣôǼ
ϷҲЦ￴ѹǱȽϴģֻǿջЦˣ֪Ҳ˵ġ
ʦͽһϷ˾뿪˷䣬ȥϢȥˣҲøúõϢһ׼ӭı䡣
˶û뵽ǣֵı䣬һͳ鵽֪˽󣬸û˿ԥ̾˿̨Լٶһ֮󣬻վûС
ÿ˼ʵ󣬻ٶվ̨ģϾǿ൱һɳϻĸˣСһɣ¶ûĶ֡
վ̨֮󣬸зΧһƺҲرĿ飬ƽʱЩķʽʱĻԺһӰֵĸѾԺ
ľ޴ѹ£Ȼûʽʼ䣬ѾԼԼһҪĸо
ܿˣ˵˼仰֮󣬱Ҳʽʼˣ켱֤ĸ򣬵ȵ˱俪ʼԺȻѡжˡ
ʵϾûж֣ƾӲĽ˿ǿʵһʱչ¶ţһĸ֡
ԺĽЩ鶼һ飬˼ά㱼ֻصʵǰѾվֻǾĿûκεľٶ
еĹâѾԵı˼ǾǸղѾ˸񣬲˵ʱ򲢲мȥ͵Ϯ֣ʹѾ¶
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һ˿мͷص֪ղѾˣǲûгֱӻڵعһٶȰڿһµʽ
˫ǰĻһԲһ˳ʱ룬һʱ룬УָһЩ΢΢仯ӡһӡļʱˮһĻζ
һĪˮʱڸļ
տʼЩɻ󣬲ˮŷӦ˹ǸѪҺڼղŵĹƴ߶ڵѪҺȻ˿ٶ͸棡
Ҫҵ˶϶ӿѪҺԸٶȫԴ㹻ģ֪ʶҲִҽѧ֪ʶ
ǸѪҺٶȣȻԼ˴⻹гһֻǴ׼ͿԿҪĹǺεȵҡ
ȻҪĹҪһЩʱ׼ҲվԭصһҲһʱ˵ˣԸ书ҲǱȽϸȤģýῴһʲôʽ
ɵӣȻҪһУڵʵҪһл̫Σˣ
ԶĿ̨ϣϷ˼˸ʽʱ̾һ
ˣ⺢ҲȣȻ붯һУǾðɣҲʲôµĸʩչһеİҲ˵
һ׺ͷۺ˵
ϷûдֻǱЩĿţйеѾԱñϵİ׺ͷεҡҡͷ
׼˴Լӵʱ䣬ڼѪҺŻͣʱվһȻ׼ȸ춯ˡ
֣һ֮ǰûв򣬲͹֣Щµĸ򣬲֪һʹó᲻⣬ҲǴлȵڵĶ顣
һѪ˿컺˵Ȼڲٿһж˵Щģӣһп϶Ѿ׼ˡ
룡
ûж˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
Ļ䣬Ѿ˲ʧԭأʧĵطʯӡ΢һʱ۳׷Ʈ
ӡĵطȻǱȥģһɲǣֱӱ̤ѹ˷ĩȻӡֻһң˵ҲǼΪ˵ˡ
ģǰһΣһӰĺӰ಺䵯˳һ׼Ӱʱǵģζʱִǰʧˡ
ͬһʱ̣ǵӰֵĺ󱳣һӰ˳һһҵֱϮ࣬һҪǴʵˣ¾ҲøҲҪ˵³


541 ħ
Ȼƶٶȼ죬͸ӦķλڣҪ۸̶֪ȣ»ûܹȣϾ֮Ҫ֮ͨǿĶࡣ
˲Σƶйĸ죬ûתȥǵе˲ͨȲͬʱһ˳ż׵ζ
һеķֻһ˲䣬еٶԶƶٶȣͼͻȻ΢΢һǰ㣬Ȼһ̧ͻȻʧˡ
ٳֵʱѾ˸ĸʱͱעǿһŸ߷˳ȥո߸ߵķ̨֮ϻг˺óһξ룬ֱӻ̨
̨ͣȫǲ˼飬û뵽ôòŻǿĹȻô׾ٵƽˡ
ʵ⵹Ǹˣһ˽⽵ʮƵˣǾԲ͵ϮʹøƷĸֵģΪʮһרŷֹ͵ϮΪβ
ǽʮΨһȹһڴ򶷵ʱ򼸺ʹãһʹóʱǻϾһжʤʱˣȲԶԶֲҪǿ
һʹƷΨһȹʽǿ֪ģ괴ƷˣҲһۣβרˣӶʹһʤβ
Ŭ˼£һֱҪٶվȴÿҪվʱ򣬸һʹ˵嵱УλʮҪģųµá
κһλҪҪľǸԵλҲڸתվ
ոһʵѾˣֻǰѸ˶ѣ޷ãĹʹβһžֱ͸·
ˣⳡ䣬Ѿˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷƽŻŬҪĸ졣
ôܣٶôô죿
һ֮󣬸ĿͻȻһѪ˿
ҵٶȿ죬ֻѡ˶ֶѡ
˵书ܲЧȷг֮ЧҪսʤ߾Ķ֣ƺЩѡ
ҵľ绹ֻܶԸʵ΢һߵĶ֣ǳˣȷǱƵģⳡĲԹл顣
˵ͷƺͻȻͨһ㣬ҲڶЩʲôˣתͷ̨һߵĲУֱ˵˵䡣
䣬ʤ
΢΢ͷʾһ£ʤ
ȻѾʤҲͲٶһڣ;ֱص˿̨ϣһߵĸҲֹȵʦֵܷ˿̨Լûа취˳߻ȥġ
ⳡ仹Ȥ벻ֹȵ˾Ȼ书
£Ҧ͵˵
үϵǸʹõ书
ʱĿ˹֪ĵ书Ͼѧڻû˵ߵ츳ǿ
ܹӳӸ˵Ҳм޵ģЩ˲ڶڵˣҲվһޡ
ͺһܹ洢Ҳż޵ģûܹƾȥݻһǣʹǵȫʢʱڵҲ
֮ǵܹ춯أͶ֮䷢ӳ󺣵Ϊȥ֮Ĺ˷Ŵ
רעߣרעߣ򣬵˺ڣʱһһǣؼǿĹܡ
ߣڵȥؼҪ㹻ǿ󣬲ߣȥؼԽǿԽࡣ
ʱֳ˹ĸߵͲ࣬Ѿ֮ĸȵˣȼߵˣܹӾ޴عˣҲͬˡ
ʹһɵͨȴ԰һɵӵʮٱǳǧ򱶣ʱ򣬼ʹͨĹҲǳĿ¡
ͨз˵һŵߣȫʹĻҲֻͷСˣǻֶɽڵĶʩչͬһȫʩչĻԾۼԲǧеĻϵ
ʵĲ࣬ŵߣʹ÷඼ڴ߶ڱ޷ЧĹּͨ߾Ͳһˣǿ׵Χǿ
˵Ͳòᵽ߲ˣǰڵʱƺԣǿǳѸͣΪмʡȥ˵̡
ߣǰڵʱھ粻ߣعĸҲԵ·ʱٶ΢һЩʱױץסй
ķƾйǵĹһߣϾǳǿ
ļ߾𽥸ʱٶԽԽ죬ȴʼ˱ȽƽķչڣʵķȲǷǳĴ
Ϊǿһ׶֮ҪǷǳѵģһûôĲȥ˺ڵʵȲߡ
˵һߣ˺ھûκεķƾعĸһԷ˵ĹߣûбĻ޷ǿȣҲûа취ǿܡ
ȻֻͬɵĲ֧ͬҲŻֳЩڵΪϡĵطǺѽȥģΪǿҪŵرɲֻҪͿԱġ
ר书ŻЩ棬յ˵书ڵĴ󻷾£Ƿǳģ˺ڼ϶ᱻĸֱȥ
΢ʱҦ˵ˡ
书ʲô˴ģѾɿ֤ˣǾ˵Ⲣԭֵ书Ǵطģǻ߽һĽ֮ʺԭʿ
Ҧ˼ɫĽ֮书Ϊħȡ֮ħ˼Ҳ书ԱúǿԶһ֮ˡ
ħֵҲˣ书󻼲Сôȥѡ
ֵʵ
󻼣ҾͲ֪ˡ
Ҧ΢΢ҡҡͷ


542 澭
˼һ£֯һԲſڽһΪܶľ飬ǵϿģԸӸ߼硣
ħ֮ҷڼ治˶ٵǸҲ֮ڵ˵ǱȵЩˣһżҲȲˡ
ϸĻһ£˵ҵĲ²⣬ħʱǿˣ޷뵤档
ҾͲ̫ˣϾħĲǷǳĹ㷺Ҳʧô꣬Ĳ²ȷģһ书ôǲʧ˾õģһЩԭ򡣡
Ҧ˵ͷĿúеħ书Ͼʹͳ书ྶͥʧҲǺġ
ǿһ޶ȣҪͺˣǵȥעĻҪʱ䣬ʱ˻϶޷ȴģϾޡ
Ҳͬ˵ִƼѾ˷Ը֯ͨƼֶȥΪǿǺ֮ƣǸ֮ôƿصģʱܻ˼
ٶȺ֮ҪӦǿ˵ķӦʶУͻʧص󣬱籼ٶ̫죬ӦʱѾײǽϡ
εĴᵹǱҪʺܶ࣬Ȼô湦취ƺ滹֣첻һ
Ҧ׳˼˵
ţѵһʢĵ
ҦҲһ˿ɫ
ҲʢĩʱһҪʢһЩףдӿ֣ǲϵ湦취Щζһʱĵ
ѾЩ˥ˣҪָǧǰʢ״̬Щˡ
Ҧ΢΢ҡҡͷЩź˵
صǸʱȷѾˣǵҵչ̫ˣƻ̬¿յԽԽ٣ȥ֮˾Ҫ׵ĶϾˡ
ҦҲ̾˿
û֧ţ֮˾޸ĸƼǸܴﵽ߾ģǸž֮ûͻһأﵽڣ֪жôѡ
һУҲĬĬ׼Ķ׼ʱһƽڵƿ˵ڸʲôյ㣬ֻǻָʵһˡ
˼ʱ򣬱䳡ͻȻһеЩ֣ʱ̧ͷ˹ȥ֪Ϊʲǫ̂ͻȻôڴСˡ
ԭղų̋ϣȥߣŮӣŮӶݻǱȽ٣οŮȻ䶯ˡ
ʶһǼһ˾ͽ㣬˶ǾԵʴӱǸҪһ֮˺̫ˡ
˾ͽҵʵǳۺ񣬼ҵĸҲһ㶼˶ǴСͽ˼ʵ֮ͬ˶Ҫ߳һء
û뵽һξȻˡ
˾ͽɫɵվ̨ϣŶһµļЦ
Ҳû뵽˾ͽ
ɫ޲ôվſ˾ͽ㣬һɳϢɢ˳·˼һ㣬ĺҲı˷ǳ࣬˿ƺЩӡ
μӴᵽڣûȥҹҲûȥҹҶϦڵֵʱҶϦͱ̭ˣԻȶټƽʱŬܹ֧ŵѾʴӱĽˡ
⼸Ҫһֱûʲôʱ䣬ҶϦʧ˶ûȥοҶϦ״̬ƺûΪܾͲʲôӰָֻ
ҲҪôˣҶѣҾͽɣͺˣսѧʱ򣬾˵ʵǿʱһֱûлʶһ
˾ͽ㵽Ǵ˾ͽҳģĴг󣬽ȼҪǿ̫ˣͰ˵Ĺϵˡ
ҥҲ˼꣬ǳҪŬС
ҡҡͷǫ˵
ͲҪǫˣҲ̨ͺúõıһǿҪ˵ˣ㵽Ϊֹд裬ɲڱʲôˣ˭֮󶼻Ӱ쵽һֱġ
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˵֮󣬲˵һԣûǱʱ˵ԶϾ˵ʵҪԶˣȻҲ˵½ҵĲˡ
СˣĿľ澭ǳǿһղסʱҪ˳Уʱʲô˾Ͳˡ
˾ͽһЦһι书ȻǴľ澭
澭;񹦣Ȼһѷڵʱ˵Ǿ֣Ѿվֵ۷֮˾ĵԴž书Ǹʱ
ǶԷȺ֮书ǵĺ˳ʱ˽ϵһȷѪ꣬ɺͼ뵽ĹУһʱ佭һƬƮҡ
һֱڲ²˾ͽ϶һżΪĺ书ѹס֮ǿ֮û뵽ȻǾ澭žѧ
ǺȻûо澭󣬲ҲСҲҪСĲźá
˵ͷӦһ
ãСģҿҪˡ
˾ͽ΢΢һЦϵϢʱɲǼͲ˱仯һɼΪɭϢϴ˳񶼱ʮֵĿ£˫ָצΪʱ˫צϴ˳
׹צ
ʱһ֮ǰѾצǲȱȫĹǷ̻ʹģһμʶʱ򣬻ھ
ֻ̻ǵõ˾׹ĲбҲûо澭ǿھ߶Ծ׹צûзӳǾצҲѾǿˡ
צ˾ͽʩչ˶Ӧľ澭ھ߶צԭʱ˳ûйѾɢܡ
Сǰצ澭ɲһѧܹЩ书ˣ˲õıɲܹͨӴġ
Ҧɻʵ
Ȼʶ˾ͽʱҲ̣ûʩչ澭׹צǰǼһʩչүҲʶǹ̻͡
΢΢һЦ


543 ʵ
Ŷ̻;ȻȻԵѧ׹צ书
Ҧ׶ʱҦһЩ˼ʵ
̻ľṦ书ƽƽͬʱڵĶֱȻ򲻹ЩˣҪܵĻҲû׷Ϊһֳ̻͵ѲҲЩ岻Ըԭ
ҪǷ̻͵õһЩľѧ¾Ͳǽˣ϶ӵŰ裬ԶԶôöԸġ
̻͵õĲľ׹צֻһЩƪѣȻʹһЩѾǶˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˾ͽʹĲľ׹צɾ澭߶ԭԭķӳ׹צ
澭ԭһżΪڹӦ书ǿԵģֻþ澭߶Щ书ܷӳǿ
Ҧ˵ͷ˾ͽʱˣпǵɱҪö࣬˾ͽ˾澭ζ˾ͽҺпܵõžѧôǿʢҲָտɴˡ
һǿľѧһ˵ǷͬģǾ澭ҪʲѧҲһûжټӵܹ򣬵ֻҪһ֣ͿȫЯˣȻҲʢˡ
˾ͽʹǿ书Ҳû˿˫һӣ̺ʢ̨ϵʯʱһ㺮˪㺮˪ԼٶӣΧ¶ȶ˲併
һ̣ٻӰѾԼٶײһһʱΧĿеצӰͷƮɵѩ˴򶷵ĳɱ̨ҪʵĶ࣬СΧڵ󶼸ıˡ
ȫ߶˺ļӰͿʼƮѩʮֵΨ̺ǿȴ˲ԻĴ˸
ǿĺ壬һûӦԹľ磬ͬǿչ޷ֿģܿͻʧȥжһ
˾ͽ㵹ǲ¼ĺ֮壬ڵԶһҪʢĶ࣬ټ֮ͬľ澭˵ԸѾռ˺ܴơ
һ㼧ѾڱĹ𽥵ķˣʴӱһ˾ͽдûĺ˽زԿ츳ҲǼߵġ
Ȼ޷ƶԷʱת˲ԣĺһգȫеϣ̾ʧˣеĺڡ
ԭͷųΪӰֵãʱͿռݺܴƣڼȻ˾ͽ㲻Ӱ죬̾ջ˲Ҫ˷ѵʡ˳־ս׼
һ˾ͽҲ˼ı仯צƹĶʱˣеǺɵצӰϵʯ嶼ľץӡۡ
ʵ澭еѧ󣬾澭ֻһڹķûǿĹҪ뷢ӳֹ͵澭мص书
صڹ߾ѧṦȭơȡȷ޷ָצѨܼ˷š񹦡ƻ󷨵ȵȣ
ഫֻҪκһžѧɶ֣統ڽŷɥһλ÷ո֣ͽеľ׹צ˴֮۳ҴĮʮ꺱֣һ˫צǶʯʮֵĺˡ
ڵ˾ͽ㻹ԶԶûдﵽľ磬澭ҪΪ˽ԵѹڵھصЩѧҲֻѡһž׹צ
֮ѡ׹צΪҲ˵Ǹ÷ոֵĴ˵ȻצǳĸȤټҲʮֵĲʱҲ˾צ
Ȼצһʮشȱ㣬֮Ӱ֮˵ľ˺ڣԻʮֵĲбɱǸ÷ո־ˣһ˶ϲֵͷǹǡ
˾ͽûⷽĵģλ÷ոΪûͳľ澭ڹԲ޷ڵӰǣ÷ɱ
˾ͽ㱾˿ľ澭ھڹļӳ£׹צȫûк֮ǣצЯǱų⣬˵ʹá
һôһצ˾ͽ㵱Ȼ̰ãʹ澭ǰҲͿԲ͸ģҪʮʱ˾ͽ㲻ǸˣȻܻôʱĲ
צ˾ͽ㲽ƣһζصļƺЩҪԳŲȥĸоӰĽˣѾ˵̨ıԵۿѾҪȥˡ
һ䵽̨·ͻᱻֱзΪһⱾǱһ
˾ͽ׼ӰѾֱӱ䵽̨·ʱ򣬼ϵͻȻǿȻûţһɳǵĺȴɴɢ˳
ɺֵͬʱͫͻȻ˱仯ԭڵͫ׾Ȼһ㵭İɫʯϵİ˪еƣЩ˪۾Щˡ
˾ͽҲһʱǿûкͿʮֵѣ˿ȥǸģȫһʮֵѡ
ע⵽˼쳣״̬һʱ˹ķΧʼעⱣİȫͬʱƵĲҲ΢һڵȴڿٵľۼ
˾ͽ׼ʱȣȵڵۼһ̶֮ͻȻıǿĹһٽƵ˳̨
˽ֵʱ䲻̫Ȼڵ֮˵ҪĶ࣬޷ͳԼ½˹ඥȣԴһʹó͵취ٵķֳʤ
ȻҲ֪һģڼƲ֮̾취׼ˣȻѾ˵̨ıԵǶʮֵĲʵ˫Եġ
ȻѾ̨ıԵҲζ˾ͽҲӽ̨ıԵֻҪһʵĻᣬ˵λ̾ͻԵôƵһȻͱ˼
ڵĺٴ߶ΪŤתƣѾʹطʱڵĺǿȣΪʲô˾ͽͻȻܵһɳǺԭ
Ȼһƽ죬һɫŨ״ʱڼĿٵתۼһС۳̵ıͳģָһ̱ġ
һɱַÿ̨ϴһƬʱסˣվ̨ϵı
˲˲𣡾Ȼ;ѾܹʵȻǽ˹ؼҲǷǳˣɶһ㰡
վмĬĬս½ݣҲһ˿ޡ


544 ෵
ʵ书еһ־磬ǸϵĴ󾳽磬ֻǶ÷һᣬԽԭ̬ɹ̬־粢ܱ󾳽ͻƣܹǶʵһֿ϶
ҲʵֻûбҪѣ۳ʵ岢ûʲôʹã۳ʵҪķѴѹһƷʵ֡
֮ҪʵбóһѶ̶̵ıΪרŵطֱʹãҲֹؼʱ̣ʹֻʵʽ
ܹʵչֳǿľ磬ֻдﵽ֮У˽ڣڵеԪѹ̮γһŽ𵤣Ϊʵ
ֻǴﵽ˽֮ʹóʵͲô򵥵Ľγɹ̬ѣĽʮƣ֮ͻĻûһԶĽ׷ٹ˵Ĳݡ
仯еıֻǻ˶̶̵һ˲飬ű֮ι£մİ˪ƺӿƶٶȣñƽʱҪĶࡣ
ͻٶ˾ͽһ˫ֵצ̾ͱ仯ˣһɿ˲צӰҪסĹȻŻ
˱ļƺѾη˾ͽ޴ľ׹צűֱӾôȥ˫ûнӴһ˾ͽǸܵʲôһ˫ֽͼܿı
ԶĿ̨ϿеıûʲôҲһص͸̽ѣǽߵ˾ͽȴܸ̺ܳǿ⡣
͸ĺһëһĵװźԲ򶨽յ˺Ȼ֪ʲôصĵطѡеֱ
мٻʽļڱİ¿ʼڲ֪ͽ˾ͽ˵λõ˹ֵ˾ͽ챻Ƶ̨ϡ
ۿ˾ͽڲִٵĶӦ֮ʱ׼˻ᣬлιһУһ𣬱ֶ˾ͽͼٷ˹ȥ
ڴ֮ǰĹѾ˾ͽе·ڱһ˾ͽ·ֻѡ񵹷뿪̨Ѿ˿С
յǱû䵽˾ͽˣֱ䵽̨ıԵڱӴ̨ʯһ˲䣬ֱʧˣ·һֱһ㡣
ֻǱеƬʯ棬ȴ˲һıڹɫĹʣܺƯǿĺȴڳ˶һĲ
Ȼ˾ͽ㻹ûأǿ̨ϵļѾΪⳡǼӮˣϾ˾ͽڰУ޽ĵطҲֻ䵽̨֮ĵطûѡˡ
Ṧ֮пսĶѧһʱݣڿͣΣȻҲǿԽ÷򣬻иű䣬ڿһþŸ
Ǵ˾ͽղŵıʱʹõȻǲЩṦеĶѧҲǴӾ澭ѧģȻ澭ȷǾڹķ书·ͲһǶļˡ
ȻҲͿ̨ϵһ뷨˾ͽ̨ʱҲһڵʱһйղΪ۱ǿҲٶ˵֮Уһʱֵ˻ȥ
ʱͻȻˡ
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϶෵ֻṦɣʹֱ仯
ҦҲվ·ɻ̨˾ͽ˵
෵һṦֻһṦɣżɷǳգһּΪķɣһ̿
ÿδɱʧܵʱ̿ͶαװˣȻڵ˿¾ʱͻȻʹ෵һУ˲䷵ص˵˵ǰϮɱˣǳĿ¡
߾෵һ˲ͷأ˾ͽʹ෵Ȼûдﵽ־磬ҲѾ෵ļɣѾڿ˱
Ȼﲻ˲䷵صЧ˾ͽʱʹһгѾǴĳ֮⣬ټϼղһйȥһʱ仹᲻зΪԱֻ˳з˵
·̨˾ͽ㣬αü䣬ľݺᣬżͳ˹ȥһֱ״̬ȻûмĿ϶ڲʲôʱ
˾ͽճǰξͻȻ͵ҡһ£һѪĪ˳˵΢΢ε˼£һͻȻ˵ӡ
һ˿ɻļûÿ˾ͽΪʲôҲоһɲʣڵͻȻһ󱩶žͷ׷ӿ˵ʼھкҵ
ʲôļ̾͵ϥ¿ʼ˶ŬѹƱߵղűʱõھңͲǺǿ֮һЩ֮󣬶ʱ޷ڼѹĺ
˾ͽҲϥ£ӿȻҲ˹ˣȵĺúõˣͻȻͶʼ˹һ仯ʱÿ̨ϵһͷˮ֪
һս䣡
˾ͽ䣡
ͬʱӼҺ˾ͽҵĿ̨ϴ˳Ȼ˫ļ峤棬ͬҪ
Ȼ֪Լ˵ĺѾѹƲסЩʱпܻᷴɡ
˾ͽ̫֮ʢҪ澭ѹƣƫƫͼ̫ڵ
˫һǰһ⣬ͬʱʼϥ̨˹ѹڵƣ˫ĳﻹ֪ʲô飬ʱĳ׼䣬ӮСɾǴˡ
˫ôһŪǰѸ̨жӮĲиŪͿˣоһӮźãϾղ˫û¶ԵİƣҵоȻǲõġ
ԥһ֮½ҵĲȻò⣬ʱĿ⿴һֱм̨ۿ½ݣ½ݵݹһ˵ͷ
յ½ݵָʾһɤӣžʹ˱ս
Ҽ˾ͽ˾ͽ㣬˫ͬʱɥʧо˫˫̭
һ̨϶ʱһƬȻ


545 
Ľ֮⣬û뵽˾ͽ˾Ȼ˫˫̭ˡ
ϸһ룬оҲǺϺģϾ˶Ѿɥʧսֻ̨˹ˣȻʽıлǵһǰձԭɥʧսΪ䷽оҲԵúˡ
ȻоĽѾˣҺ˾ͽҵĳ̾ͳ̨˾ͽȥһλߣһΪ˾ͽ̨Ͽ˹ѹڵҲ಻סеĽ飬ֱӴӿ̨Ϸɵ˾ͽԱߡ
ȥļүү۴Ǽ߹תƣ̫ͼת˻ڶתϵĲΪһС
۴̨֮ͬҪ漧ѹڱĺжתƹʱȽ⣬ڽжȻŲɱƣҪѹĺƺȴЩ̫ʡ
Ȼ۴ƾۻǿѹƣһĻڵƱػǿĵֿʱڼôһ˵ͻյش͸ˡ
ڼ۴Ű취ʱ򣬿̨һֱŵͻȻվһʧ˿̨ϣֻһӰڿ̨̨״һӰͳ̨ϣվ˼ߡ
ԭСѡ
۴ܵһ裬ڵ˲תȫһʱ򣬶ʱ˿¶һ˿Цݣɫֱý
үӲżҿ԰ѹڵĺ
΢΢һЦվ˼ԣһİס˼ͷǿԴԴע˼ڣ˵һѹƺľ飬һѾҵš
Ŀ£ܿ켧ڱĺͻص˵֮ڣϱҵҲĻָƽһĹ򣬼Ѿ۾󻺻վ
ɵѾͷ֪Ŀĺղôðʩչʽ㿴ⲻֱʱ׵ĶˣȺúõҸ书
ֵĿһۼȴ˵ŹеĻ
֪ˣղżôһʱЩ̲סҪúõдһ£û뵽
չһЦ˵ͷ
һЦʱһţѤĿĹʣÿ̨һȺſ׷׵Ŀ˳ˣԭҲǻЦģһЦôϧЦֻضš
һʱ䣬ŵ׷˾վһԵЩҲֻˣû˸ȥϾ֮ǰʵѾ˻ʮġ
ҲͷתȽϿˣһӾͷ˸ղ̨ϲԾһĻҵҲǸĸ̨֣֮ȴûμȻǼ鷳һС
̨֮˵仰Ĺͽڵѹȥһޱȵӣʵηһ
ǸҼǵûĻӦǼҵļ۴ϵĹϢӦĶתˣȻˣϵ鷳С
һԵ½ݴͷβû˵ֻǱ߾Ŀţڼ۴ϲϵѲӣͣϣСӵܻԶֹչֵһ㣬Ȼ׵ѹƼڵơ
ںͼ˵⻰ƺڤڤ֮һͶ䵽ϣûκεĳɣתͷ۾վڱ䳡̨ϵ½ݡ
ڹ۲½ݶʱ΢΢һ㶣ƺû뵽ȻԲҪ֪쾳֮ڵȫˣԵչʾͺһͨûκε
쾳Ҳζ书Ѿ˷豹ľ磬һһкѧ⣬ӷӵʽķлعĵѭ֮򣬲ҿʼȥЩ
ﵽ֮½ݣĿʼնƽˮģһ㶼û֮ǰ֫ħײеϢǴûб˷ֹĿӣû뵽ξȻʧЧˡ
Ҳֻ΢΢һ㶶ѣͳͷһЦ·ʲôҲûзһ㣬Ҳͷʾһһ˿ɻתͷȥ
ʱ򣬻½ͻĹؼ㣬Ҳ͵ûʲô鷢ղڤڤ֮бעӵĸоһ֣֪½ݣΪڱ䳡Уֻ½в
ڳУ½ݵ书ΪˣҲлʲô˲õĸֻ֣û¶ѣϾ½ɳֱ½һ쾳֣쳣ĸоȻǵһˡ
ȻѾָ˹ʱѹס˱ĺȻҲͲ̫ˣ˵仰֮󣬾͸ż۴ص˼ҵĿ̨ϣȻҲҦҵĿ̨
ȵʱ˾ͽҲڼ峤İæ£ѹסڱֻɫЩãԵЩ԰ףϾղſһѪȻڸܵ𶯡
˾ͽҲ뿪̨֮󣬲жʱһ˼б䣬ᲢûΪСжϣǼȻĽš
Ϊ˾ͽͼ˫˫ֵֿ̭̭֮յʹʧˣΪѾżҪֿһˡ
Сʱı֮󣬾˵ֵ̭յĲμʣһپʮˣ½ٶѡ˵̭Ķ֮˽䵽˽
ڵ˺ڵıᣬʣµļǴɳ֮ʵȻҲЩˮֵ˿ԱģʱҲڼЩ˱ǻȥϢ׼һֵı䡣
ôսȥ³½Ϊ⣬ûм˿Կסģܱһ֣ڵͻĴ
ղô°
ȥ·ϣҦǱ߿ʼߴߴڼ˾ͽΪʲôͻȻͬʱڳĴ󲿷˶һͷˮΪͬʱ߻ħˡ
ûʲôڵ˶ѣ˾ͽǿ뿿澭ĺѹƣڵĺ̫ǿ󣬱ЩƲס
Ҫ˵һһŻȻĵ˵ͷԭǳڵϣͻȻ˫˫߻ħ
صסһ˳Թ֮͸ԻطϢˣȻҪ׼ı䣬ǻطԺﻹǵЩϸڣϽȴϸȥˡ


546 ̻
ҹ˾ʱ֣ľϾϢڵһɰ͵Ϣϴ˳Ϣʼ𽥵΢ƺҪʧļ
ʱĲѾҪͻƵ쾳ıϣٹһʱ䣬ӦþͿ˳쾳ˣǸʱʵֻᱩһأȫڿԱġ
쾳֮Ѿ۳ʶȻֻǵϵĳƺʵʶĵͽ֣类ƺΪʶԭں֮󣬵ҲǾ˾龳۳
˾龳֮ˣѾӵӵĹ۲ľڸ鿴ڵʵⲢĿʶĸӦڸӦйճڵϸԿ΢۵ľ
ھ龳֮УʶǲģֻܸӦڵһ쾳֮ʶͿˣԶͿ˵ʵˣǾǸս쾳ˣʶҲԸΧɵľ롣
һʮףҲʮ׵ľ룬ʶʮ׵ľ룬Ҫ͵ϮͺˣκζֻҪΧûκεĲ֮أᱻ׵Ĳ
ⲢʶҪĹܣʶĿɹ֮ڿԸӦ֮򣬰ѧ𽥵ľ磬Ӷľ磬쾳Ĺؼһ
ֻһпڽ𽥵ĸع򣬶ıʣڵȵľڵȫҺ֮Ҳ͵ںڵһͨ
֮ͨѾԽع򣬽ͷһЩС͵ķΪǿ֮ˣƾһǿٻǿķҲ˵
书ͨߣڹ֮͢Ϊ׻Ȩһ书ʩչ֮䣬ʱ¡¡죬ǿﵽӰĳ̶ȡ
̤Ƕѧ߾ͨе
굽ͨˣһе֣Щһ㶼Ѿмڲμֵһ׼ͻһ磬ȻǶ֪һʲôǺȻͨյ㡣
ֻǺܿϧǣϵϡ߱ͻƵڵǧȥˣеһһľž޵ʼû߳һ
һεջ˵֮УͻƵ쾳ôһ㣬õľ飬ҲǺżͻֻǳˡ
չ壬´Ҫһʱ򣬲ԶͻȻӦһɷǳϤϢϢǰӴϢ˱Ƶʹħ󷨣Ķӡ
̻ͣϢͬʱ̾ԺС
һ˿ɻ󣬷̻ʱӦû˲ǣӸղŸӦϢҲȴˣϢѾõ˿ĵزˣǷϹ깦һغˡ
ʱȻǱŴ壿ǲҪˣ
һߵߣϢĴ˴ܹһһʹӷʧӰ١
ϸĸӦŷ̻ϢķλںԶԶĸţЩǣ̻ϵϢ΢ƶٶȴ˿һ֮˵ӡ
뿪ʯֵʮĵط̻͵ϢһƬɽ֮УɽųƬʯľ޴ݣ½ҵĲֿ⣬Ҳ½ÿξٰ֮ʱƷĵط
ои׼½ҽ챦½֮ЩȻǰ׼õĶ½ҵˣʹʱʲôҲ½ҵ£Ǿûʲôϵˡ

ӰϢǱ˲ֿĸվмǵӰƺʲôһһĶˤ˵ϣһ΢졣
½ҵĲֿ⣬̽ˣûκε⡣
ϵźӰȻ˵ˣǷ̻͵
¹һƣյĹѾһֻɵֻ̱ڵϣʧȥ˵鶯ľͷȻȵʩչħ֮Ѿÿˡ
ǷôС¶첻ãҪһˣ˵ĹȻֻṦѣײʲôĽɫҲȵʱеðˡ
еĺӰмһ
ٺ٣ȵĹҲжǿȻһС޸׷·ţʹħ󷨣Ŷһ٣һĹҲѾϵĲˣǸﰡ
ߵǵӰһɳƵЦ
ˣڰҪȥ˵
ұߵĺӰһ£һ䡣
ɣǽȥ϶ǲģ˵ᾪ½ҵˣǿɾͲðˣ½ҵһЩϹڿɻǲ𡣡
ߵĺӰ̸һ䡣
ǲôӦҵģܾô½ңһҪ
̱ڵصķ̻Ͷʱû˵꣬мĺӰһ˷̻͵ϣٵ̾Ȼֹһҵķ̻ŭ۾촽΢΢ĲţҪ˵ЩʲôǾһ仰˵
ߣ
ס˷̻֮мĺӰʱͷ˺ڰ֮УϢŲֿ￿ӰҲĵĸ˵˵һ˹ȥ
˵ϵϢڲصʮֺãղǷ̻һڸǲϢҲôԶľ뷢˵ϢÿһǿԱ̻͵ĸ֣Ϊʮֵ
ȥıӰ̻Ŭתͷ­ȫɫ屻ƣҲ޷˵ֻܺ޺޵Ŀ˺ڰ֮С
ʱһӰԤ׵ĳ˷̻͵ǰʱ˿̣̻ŵֻܿӰ˫ţһ֮Ťתͷ­̧ͷϿȥ
һıǻڶʱŰƺŬҪ˵Щʲô˲Ǳˣһν׷ļɹҲ޷ǵӰ
ǰˣҲý³̱ڵعӲдɻǸȥĹϷ˼䡣
ޱƳһ̱ڵصķ̻ͣûйᣬֱһ׷ǰ뿪Ӱȥ̻Ťӣʵַ˼ŨرĴϢ
Ѿϵ˴˴̻ԭԹͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ц⽥ϣڲҰ׵¹ҫ£ԵΪɭɲ
ǲƲҵǸˣѾˣֵǺúõĳҵʱζˣ
һ˹¶ڵϣ̻ͻȻЦ嶼һҲʱܷһǻЦˡ


547 ı
ĵĸ½Ҳֿĸһ۾ϳ˵ϵǷ̻ͣȻûпǸòǴϢ̾͸Ӧ˳
ֻǿһۣûŵķ̻ͣǾĹ۲һǰȥķһȥͬû˺ڰ֮С
½ҵĲֿǳ޴ɽＸʯľ޴ӣÿһʯ嶼ʮɼûоĹǲܽЩ޴ʯиġ
ֿĶ˶о޴Ͳֹˮ©ĲֵǷǳļ򵥣ϾʯѾи˰ۿԶԽӣѾܲ͸ˡ
ߵĲֿص½Ҳǳ˿أƽʱֿﶼǷõֲʳũҲûʲô￴أֻʱʱһЩֹ
ϾֿŸ͹ĶȻֻʱһ£ǱҪĿػҪģ½û˸̫ͷ϶
Ӱ˳ɽ괦ӰϢһ·ǰǱ˹ȥ;ܿ˺ü½ҵѲ֮ˣЩ˶һЩˣȻѾ֮ǺӰĹȻǲܱġ
ͬӰһܹ½ҵѲأ˼Ҳܼ򵥣Ǹ⼸ˣ̵ܲʲôöһʲô⣬˱ˣ˾ˡ
½ңһʼûкӡҲ½Ӱ죬ԴʱһζûУһ˿˷ܡ
·ڵʱѾ㣬ȻǸСɣҲŪһݣ֪½ҵĲֿǷ˶ٺö
һıݣʮƬҵҶӣֻҪһƬҶӣһ˴֮˶ʮ£ؼʱ̣ǾĺöȻҪġ
һÿɴĶϸܵģԼͽֵ½⣬û֪Ǵľʲô
Ҳ֪̻Ǵб£·ϾȻ׼ǿҺûе֣ûϣѱݴŴˡ
ݵ׷ĸֿ⣿
һӰڷֿ֮󣬶ʱЩͷˣϾ½ҵĵ̣ʱ¶Ŀ̫ˣһ½Щ쾳ĸ֣һԲ˶ߡ
Ҫֿһôʮ䣬һҹȥСһˣҲûʲôֿأֻҪҵǸĲֿˡ
һӰС˵һ䣬İѲ˲ֿ
ûкһ˸ᣬһ͵һֿĶˣ󾲾ſӰҵӦĲֿ⡣
СѲʮ֮ӰҵǸֿ⣬λɽһСĲֿ⣬һΪصʯ壬ûκεֻǵĽʯѡ
ʵ˱ỨôʱѰҵģֿķΧһֱ½ҵѲزϵѲߣΪ˱ܿЩѲ֮ˣǲòڲΡ
ȻЩѲ֮˵ʵǵﲻֵһᣬѲصĶֳ˺ü֮ľҲȽԶʹͬʱ֣Ҳûаֹˡ
һóȻʧֵĺʮֿµģƬ½֮ǧĴɽǿûӹ½˵׷ɱ
˶˼ʮˣĻеģŲ֮£ҵǸƷĲֿ⣬ôֿĴŵЩΪˡ
ڿҹʱܱͼž֣΢һ㶯ҹﶼᱻ޵ķŴ󣬺׾;ЩѲ֮ˣϾЩѲ֮ȻʵǿǺôҲзǳˡ
ֿĴôôһصʯ壿ҹ
һӰűߣȫȻ˫һ¾ס˴ŵıԵƺҪǿнŸֻ̧Ƿһͳ죬λø˿δǸӰʱܻĵһ䡣
ˣСһ㣬Ҫǵע⡣
һӰæ˵˶ʱĬȻ˼ŸôŪȺصʯš
û취ˣֻˮˡ
֮һӰ̾˿εҡҡͷ
ɣˮǷǳõģִôҲŵõһСƿôܾô׵˷ֵط
һӰֹ̳֮
ǲȻô죬ʱˮܹʴȴţʲô취ϢĽȥ
ǰĺӰһ䣬ʱһƿԣ֪˵Щʲô
ķϹôᱻƵϣ
һӰһ䣬˻ֵˮˮɣõݣǻܵĹ㹻ٻˮˣЩ
ƺ֮УһӰ˵ܹõģ֮˶ʱ˵ˣһ˴ӻͳһڵСƿӣǺڹ¡˵ģʲô
СĴƿǣһζʱƿƮ˳ƿƺǳɵζûκεĳɣʱһűϣƿеһЩҺ壬ȵʯϵγһε״
ôһ£Ȼ˽֮˷Ѱ
κ֮ǺӰ۵һ̽ƿǸϸļһջ˻УɲεԼϣǿǷַӾ군ġ
һЩɫҺۼǸղźӰƿﵽҺ壬ͼЩҺ˳ʯڸʴȥٶȷǳĿ죬һĹѾʯ港ʴһָľ롣
ʱҲˣǵӰǰһȫʱȫӿģɢ˾֮
˫ǵʴĹ״ʯϣȻһǵʴ˵ʯ̱˲ֿǵӰһ͸˽ȥһѷסǿʯ塣
ңݾҵ֮̾ͳˣʱ䲻ˣѲ֮˵пܻᷢ쳣
ǸӰʯûȥסǰʴĿȻܹʱڸһ߽һ׵ķеĲͬ
Ҳ֪ʱȣ̿ʼѰ½Ϊ˷ϢҲڸ͵ĶϷֽдŶӦɺͼϢ
ͬʱѰҵ£ӵʱ䣬ǾѾҵǸֽĴӣ쿴̧ŵǸӡ
ҵˣ
һӰϲĺһ̴ӱĵط
˴ľ֮һ鵭ɫʯͷݾǴʯͷϳģʯͷа˪Ҷ΢΢ζš
ȻǴıݣ
ǰһĻӰȵĵͺһ


548 ȸʯ
ֿûпƣ߷ǳ˵ĿȻܹĶοںڰл΢΢ɢŵ׹ıݡ
ǰֵıݣѾ˲ժģѾϾڱڵҩԣҲ֮ʮ֮ãɼݵ档
ΪĻʮֵ⣬ǿຮ֮ظ޷һĻܿͻϾԳ˲ժˣ˼ıݡ
һŵıݣֵԶԶϾıݣ̺˸ǿҩڲժ֮һʱҩƣͿƳĹԪ
ԪʷֹֻΣЧ֮ǿֱĿɿڴµĴ󻹵ҩЧҪǿյصƣʱȫ
ΪǿҩЧԪÿһγֵʱ򶼻һȷѪ֮꣬ΪⱣ浤ҩѪȵɱ֮С
ڣȻŪһıݣ˵뿪ຮ֮أ̾ͻϾ𣿡
ߵĺӰյӵǰɻͷϸ鿴һ
ҹ·Ǹɫʯͷԭ򣬿ͨʯͷȻɢһɺ⡣
ұߵĺӰϸһȥһ±·ǿɫʯͷָŸոմʱ˻Ҳһñ
ĸ˵ñֻɼʯͷ治һĺ䣬ٲͨ˿ֵܵı֮⡣
˲аҲֽȥһǿ鵭ɫʯͷ֮ǰǸˣǵҪöˣ׼϶עȥģûбŵ
һҲʯͷϸľ˺⣬ƺʯͷԴԴϵṩ֮ϵıݲܰȻĴڣѾϾˡ
ʯͷҲ򵥣һ߰ɣһıݣǿǹʹˡ
϶ϲɫȻջԭһֿ
ҪʯͷҲһ򵥵飬ǿ϶ȥõģҪʱάϵǿܵʯͷϱ֮Ϯ
̫ˣȥҸСһӣʯͷͱһװŴߡ
мǵӰԸһ䣬һ̾ȥһˡ
ֻǹ˲һӣӻûҵǰȥǸ˵ǾϲѾг
쿴ʲô
ȥǸһʯͷһĶϲ̵˻
ǣ
мǸӰԭЩ²ȴȥ߰Ķǿǿʯͷ֮۾ʱԲˣһĨ˲Щȸʯ
ҿҲǿȸʯЩȷùոշһСӵʱ򿴼ģǸ̫Сˣװ鵭ɫʯͷϸĿһӣŷСʯͷ
ſȸʯǸҲĵ˵ҪۼֵĻȸʯļֵǺͱݲµģ˵Ҫ߳һ߲ǣΪȸʯ뵽κһҩҼЩҩĵҩЧ
ȸʯĵطĿǰΪֹûһȷ˵ǱҩģѾȷ֪ڿຮ֮أûдﵽһµȻ£бҩ
ǿȸʯͲͬˣֵĵصƺ漴ģûһ׼ȷı׼ṩȥѰҵһֱȸʯǷǳϡٵģȫǿˡ
ȸʯȷе˵һصĿʯĥķĩȴҩûκεĹЧǿҩĵҩԣʮֵء
֮ԳƺֿʯΪȸʯΪʯһƿȸëɫɫֻڱ棬ʯˣȥٲ㣬Զɫ
һӰӹ˿ȸʯյ΢΢ıǰϸĹ۲һָ״ӿȸʯıһĩտ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ȷǿȸʯǵĻԵˣ
ǵӰʱ˷ܵĵһЦӻһڲȸʯƵİ죬ҸӰѱݺͿȸʯװ뿪
˷ܵļ˲ˣһ½ҷǾȻõ˴ıݺͿȸʯּƷҩ½һ᲻Ķǽ׷ɱģϾϡеĶ½Ҳ̫еġ
ĴҺʵ֮ʱǻ֪ղűˮʴʯѾϢվһӰʯϱʴķ϶ǵĶԻ˸һ
ıݣȻпȸʯ
վſڵİӰǸΪʴʯֱ˻ҲóȻĽֿڣϾ˾ʹ棬׾ͻᷢˡ
ǾſôһĹ򣬾Ȼʮ־ϢһҵıݾȻǴģǷ˿ȸʯ
ǿĹЧ˵ˣڿȸʯڹ㶫ֹݾѾŹˣӦ־ʦпһѰҵȸʯ
־ŲȱũٲݾĴ⣬һҪģڻˣȸʯ˵ϡ
ȸʯԭĸɻ߼͹ģȴһ㶼ĵģȻѾõ˿ȸʯôֻҪ˵ˡ
ʲôص֣ȴǻҪúõ˼һ½ҵĵͷ϶ǿ϶еģ׾ͻᱻ˷ֻ֣ܵ뿪֮Żˡ
˼һ⣬һʧԭأȻﲻ֣ܶҲͲˣҲ϶Ҫ뿪½ҵģȥҲһġ
뿪ú˲ֿһУжԭСĴƶ˱ʴʯ壬ϸĹ۲һѲ֮˷ֲλú󣬷׷뿪˲ֿ⡣
Զ·أǺܿڲֿԶĲݴԱҵ˷̻ͣʱķ̻Ѿȥʱˣʱɱƣһ˿
ҲԺյĹһṦ֣ȴҵһѲ֪Ӳݱߡ
ҪҪʬߣ
һӰͣЩɵĿһ۷̻͵ʬ塣
ˣȻѾˣҲûκεôˣͰɣֿҲҪ·ģ˷̻͵ʬ壬Ҳתһ½˵ߣʱ½ҵȥɣ
һӰҡҡͷεֱû˺ڰ֮УһĹʧӰˡ
˲֪ǣʧ˲ӵʱ䣬һӰʹһߵӰ˳ͬһ۵ϵķ̻ͺһչ͸û˺ڰ֮С
һǰһʯֵΧǰУСıܿ˷Ŵſڿ֮󣬿ٵʧããɽ


549 Ե
Ӱ뿪ŴʱӰڴӲԶ΢ͣһ촽ٵ˼£ż׷ȥ
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ЩҪ뿪һЩʱ䣬ЩŻҲõġ
ӵĴ֮¥ļʱ˿Ҧ׵˴ӷ˳ͬʱĻͳҦˡ
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ҪҪȥһ֣ʲôæҲ԰һ㣿
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Ҧ΢΢һЦһ´ҺصԼķڼϢȥˡ
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ǰ˼ǰ֮Ҳ˳ıܿ˷Ŵſڵããɽһߣ׷ȥٶȱ֮˻Ҫöࡣ
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ұߵĺӰǹϣӦһ˵ıٶȣǰɳһ䣬뿪ŴľԽԽԶˡ
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룬мĺӰþҲ㹻ˣѡһɽĵطʱͣΣǷɢһһҵĵطֻһͶסĺ·
ͣ²ʮʱ䣬һӰĴԶּ䴩˹֮ο˶ʱ۽΢΢鴤һ£ſ쵽˵ƶٶȣ㹻Ǻһˡ
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ε֮ݺͻأͣžĵվһôĺӰ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǧң˲ãȻһˣܹ˾˵ṦǰС½ҵʵ
վڴµĺӰǰһ¹ҫ£¶ݣԭһݿݵߣһͷҰɫĳһ£ʮֵݡ
ҲܲˣȻ̫ͷ϶Ȼǵ½ҵͷϣΪԾ뿪ɣ
һЦбɨһȻƶߣ֪̾˵Ĵ㣬ƺ׼Χ˸½ұš
ߵǸߣһͷĶ̷ܴϵ°͵λãıϱһӰ͸״ѾѲ³ݺͿȸʯǷǰڵС
½ҵȷǸѲĶ֣Ҳ½ҵĸ֣Сޣһ׷δҲ̫һ㣬Ȼ֪ͨ½ҵ֣ǲЩ̫ˣ
мǸһЦһͷҰɫĳͻȻ޷Զ϶ʱһǿƣֱֱѹķ
ǿ֮󣬶ʱ͸ıսԣ׼ԹӲѹϾǿһëͷСӶѣṦϵ츳ɾٸߣʵʵģǴ̥￪ʼҲܱǸӵ
˷׷˹ʼѹʱһЦ󻺻ҡҡͷһɱ˸ǿͻȻϱ˳ֱӽѹֱӷ˻ȥ
˱ǿ֮һ壬ʱĺϵһʱͻ䣬ɻȻţͱһ֮ɫ


550 ֮
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ϧȻͷҵĹȻǲö̷κεĻᣬٶȻתûмʹһž޴ͷʹð˳ǰĶ̷߾ͳ˹ȥ
ĵٶȻҪʹʽĶ̧࣬ͷʹó̷߸κεķӦĿ˶ͷôײϣһѪʱ
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ٵĽӴ򿪲鿴һ֮źۼһĨĿȸʯͱ̾ƾʧˣʱĿտҲһ˶˿֪顣
һкٶȽӰ˰б֮һңֱʱ򣬻Ұ׳߲ſ˵ߣϧѾһ
һתǿޱȵֱ̹ۣͨһƿлڣֱӶ˳Ϯһƣ˵ཻΧʱһ񱩵ϵĿ֦Ҷ̾ͷ׷·ɢ˿
߱һֱĵҲŷ˼֮ľ롣


551 
ֻǶ̶̵Ϣʱ䣬еս־ͷ˾˵ת䡣
̷߱񱩵ĽֱӴ֪ײ˼ôᵹһ£ǲڼսˣҲһˣʧİû
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һĺ֮ȻϢ֮ھͻ˶̷ߣпȥץ˿еİϾļһ֮˨ϣһǰ֧ԮĻҰ׳ߣһжԵôࡣ
ڼϢ֮䷢һʵ̫ˣҰ׳߿һ۶̷ŵķһĨɵҲû뵽Ȼ׼õΧȻ˷ɢԷ˲һˡ
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һֱվԭأ˵ӰҹɫʧӰ֮ʱתͬȥˣڷص·ϣս˽ָĿȸʯͱ˳·Żص˺ղôֻΪ˱նѡ
ϾԷҲĸ֣ʹҲ˵ڽֵʱܰٷְٵı汦İȫԾ͵͵ֽţ˽ָ֮С
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ָ΢΢ǿ鵭ɫʯͷһɴ̹ǵĺʱָ⴫˹Ĵһü΢΢һ̳һ˿ϲζ
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а˼һСķŵһߣùǿȸʯָͬһĩ¶˱·ޱȵɫʡ
ȷǿȸʯдˣ벻ιȻԵõȻǲһˡ
ϲ̵뵽һַ֮Ż˺󽫺յ˽ָ֮УһĻƾЩôңҲҵϡ
صϿʼϢֱʮִҶ½𴲣Ŵӷ˳

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һ磬ڵһ˾ͼĴʯֵϿٵ˹ȥͷڵŷӣĵӵ֣һ˿ɫʮֵ֪Ϊʲô

Ҧ˿⣬Ҳſһֻۣڵһ˴ҴҶʱֵʵ
ͻˣһֱڷϢ
ЦŻعͷӱߣӹҦ˵ꡣ
ûʲô°ɣ
Ҧ˹ĵһ䡣
İɣҲǺúõĻˣʲôġ
ЦҡҡͷΪ˵
֣ڵһľɫ֪Ҵҵĸȥ
һߵҦ׵Ƿ˸ղڵЩԾһСЩɻ˵
˭֪½ҵĵͷϣӦòʲôɡ
ҦҡҡͷҲ֪ڵôˣ϶Ҧ޹أΪǶúõĴڴҲûгȥɹʲô飬뵽΢΢һ٣΢ɲĿһۡ
ҹʱֻȥһأʲô鷢ĻѲ˸ϵģ֪ΪʲôҦָоȻûκε֤ݡ
վһߵģԾ֪ЩʲôҲ϶ᵽȥ˵ģܲԼ˽ҷԼ˰ɡ
緹֮Ҧ˶ʱֺǰһǰȥ䳡׼нĵ̭ʱգǰμӱľɶѾ̭ˣЩǰ뿪½ҡ
ǰ뿪ЩСˣڼҲĽɫ֪ҲûʲôôԲŻǰˣ΢һЩļ壬ǰ뿪ġ
ǰ䳡·ϣҦһҦӵ˵˼䣬Ҧӵܾ˶飬ʯֵȺУһĹʧȥӰ
Ȼע⵽һ㣬ûжʲô֪Ҧע⵽ڵĲͬѰı֣Ȼ취Ū׷ʲô飬˵ʲô䱸ǳ׼ȷյѡ
Щ꾭Ӫ˵ʲô˽֮ʱ϶һʱ취ŪЩ飬ȻѰ˼ܴܲлһЩôԼüм诡
ǰľڼɵ˸䳡ٶԽԽˣβһСʱʱѾȫе˱䳡ڣڸԵλ϶
ֵǣ½ʱȴǱһЩʱҲûǰǸЦӣɫԵЩ½ҵˣ̧һŰɫľ塣
λͬ½ҵĲֿһ⣬ҹǱ½Ҳֿ⣬һЩ½ҵĶЩ֪ˣȻ½ҵĵͷƣֱ½ˣ
̺һ˿⣬½ݵĻһ󺮷ιڳ˶ʱ˹һʱཻͷӶ˽Ȼ˸½ԸеЩ˼顣
Ĳö˵ǰѾһλ½ҵ쾳֣˵½ݾ½Ψһ쾳֣˭Ҳŵģǿĸļ壬Ȼ˸ۻ룿
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ͨȭڻܲ򵥵ӣ˵ɴģɵɾѧȭرӮ˹ȥʱɵҲûȥͨȭڵ鷳˾Щ˼顣
һֵı˽ʮӣֻһ̨ϵʵȽϽӽĥ˶ʮӺŷֳʤҲÿ̨ϵĹǿһкˡ
ֵڶֵϳˣΨһֵעҲ½һ̨ˣһɵˣʵͦǿӣûʲôغֻʵĻ½Ѿǲʵˡ
ȻϣǸȻһ־Уϧվڹ½̫Զˣջûܵеù½࣬½
ֵ˵ֵıˣų̂ϵĲбѾ˿̨˹ĵ̨֮ϣǱͨȭڵĲ֮Ѿˡ
֣»ƺͨȭڡ
̨ͨȭڵĻƺңңı˱ȭк
֣
ҲЦŴк˵ڵ˰˼ȭرִ½ǰһİ˼ȭ֪ڿȭ
ֵϢͨڵȷ˼ȭ٣²ţһⲻҪָһֲҪ²ѧǳ
ƺ΢΢ͷһЦȻӢǿʮֵºͣҲᷳĵһӡ㲻
˵Цˣܹһð˼ȭķɣ֮á
ͬһЦ˵ͷ
׼˰ɣ
˺ˣпһۣõ˵Ŀ϶𸴺ʽʼ˱䡣
֣Сܼް˼ȭȭȭǱھѧĹУѾȭ˳ҿ˼ȭʮֲֿҪСˡ
ƺǹ䣬ʼ֮ǰͰԼ书˵˳
лѣһСĵġ
ͷһЦһڣʾԷԿʼˡ
ƺҲҲ֪ʵ֮ϣһҲ͸дһʤ뷨ǸûеģֻΪ˸һľѧ
ҽأǰ֮һССİԲ΢΢󳷣ͬأ˫ΧϥֺѹϾ٣˼ȭ׼ʽհʽ
İ˼ȭرͷ硢⡢֡β衢ϥȰ˸λ˶ɿ籩һĴõ˱޿ɱܣһ޴мܵĸ֮Уǳľ޴
ƺʽ۾ʱ΢΢һУȻû˼ȭκһ书һľ磬ᵽ汸ĳ̶ȣǰĻƺ֮һ
ǰڳʽ;ûƺϰ˸λһɾ˵ۼãʵûķȣֻЩλǣ˸Ӧѡ
ûйķϻưڳ֮󣬻ƺ˫͵ĵأϥ΢һֱ̱֮ˣҵһ
ǰ֮£ĹƺѾ嵽ǰһζ֮䣬ȭ⡢ϥѾϵķ˹籩Ĺʱ䶼ûУǰ̾ǵصĹϮ˹
΢΢һᣬͬޱȵĽʮʹ˳ļƽ˻ƺĹҲе㾪˼ȭȻһŸȭķʽǳĶء
ͨȫÿһļ⣬϶صƼȭͷ֮󣬹ԿԴⲿⲿʹ˳תֿ֮ԴֱͨȲļ⡣
ϵشݣ˼ȭһʼĹ籩һ㣬Խ湥Խ˵ڲϵۼ֮ǰѭϢ
ȭ
ûʩչȫƺһǿҲƵúʮӲ뿴˼ȭܷӳǿĹ
˺ʮಽ֮ͷֻƺѾûмˣ֮ǰĹȭ޵ĵ͹ȥֻ϶ѣʵбϾ֮ܵ˱ơ
ջƺʵȻ˼ȭѾΪֹˣϼѾޣĿǰġ
׵ľ͵˻ȫİ˼ȭƺҲһ˿ɫȻֻ뿴ܷӵһѡ
֣ԴһȭܽôҲֻˡ
һ˵˺󷽣ƺ˵


557 ȭ
У
ûж˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
ղŻƺѾյİ˼ȭӵ˼£Ȼ˺һëʵûбƳֻ˼ѣ⻹ΪҪ˼ȭز
ͨȭڣ˼ȭϾһŻط֮ҲǺܶ࣬ٺھѧȭҪٵöࡣ
Ҫԭڰ˼ȭһ棬ͨȭûɵĸ֣½˰˼ȭҲζҪԼȥٶŻήͺܶ࣬ҲǺܶûѡ˼ȭԭڡ
ǻƺͬСȭһչֳ˾˵츳һӣʽȭѾʼˡ
֮ͨȭڲùȭ涨ûгһӵ˶Ϊȭ£ûʮ־ʱȭЧᵼˡ
ȭλǰˣܽԼľˮУֲͬ
ȭˣһȭͬʱͻвͬľ˵อȭʮָӣ˸ùˣǷǳľˡ
ȭĹУȴҲǰ˼ΣգΪҪֲͬƳͬʱʹԵУҪҵڵֲͬƽ⣬ɶԵ˵ľ޴˺
Ҫһ㣬ȾҪ׵ƽ⣬ڹûо֮ǰһǺյǸ΢ƽ㣬ʮ׾ͱҵˡ
νһˣ߽ˣȭĹУһСģͻͬʱڵ
𡢷ˮƢľټȫȭȭÿһ㣬һ𺦣νˣʵ˼˵С
ȭĿƪһ仰һʫʮȭİ
֮˷δݸγ뾫ʧ㱣
ȭ״ɵĸ֣ÿһȭֲͬľͣᣬᣬиգֱ͡仯ˣ˵ֵ˵һɾҲѵֲסڶɾ
ÿһɾ֮ǰҪ仯ˣһɽһɵľ糱ϫһ㲻ͣӿ޷סһ˾ͻᵼһȭĴɴ˶
ʱƺҪʹľѧȭҲͨһȭ֮߻Ҫڰ˼ȭ֮ϣڱƺûĿʼȭֻȭܸ١
ܸٵҪҪڵֲͬϢ;ȣΪȭõĻҲδȭһȭֲͬĻƺȻŲȭʮʱ䣬ȴѾȭܸٲĲˡ
Ҳ˵ڻƺ㹻Ĺ΢һʱ䣬ȭͿԻͻͽԵˣͨȭڲûǰˣ½ܹΪ½ඥһƺඥ
ȭĻƺ»αһƥ˲ĺûȭֲˣԶҲ󲻵һȭֲͬǺεȵѲ
վﾲĻƺͻȻӿֲֳͬϢЩϢĻ۵һ𣬲ϵڵۣܿı鼰ȫ
ȭ߶˼ȭ˼ȭȭֲ֮ͬľΪʵޣֻάʮϢʱ䣬Сˣ
ٶȰڿ˰˼ȭĽհʽȭܣƺ˵
룡
Ҳ˵˵أҲоһ˿ͬѰѹȭͰ˼ȭŸ֮ȭϵһ𣬲֪һǿ
ͬ淢һλƺĳȴǺ֮ǰԲһĵط֮ǰܽܺõֱԵһ̲ų׵ıȴǽǰУͽҡһ¡
ⲻͬѰһĻͶǿ鱻ƺȹĵ棬Ȼ̨ϵʯӣܸоʯ·Ѿ˴ݡ
ⷢõȭӳֵĻƺÿһηֲֻͬΪûʽȭԻܽȭ׵ķӳ
˵ȭľ֣һŴպһȭû˿ҡΣ涼û˿ˣǱ˿֮ŷ֣ڲѾ׵Ļ˷ĩ״һȭֱӺе
һȭңнȭ֮Ŀ
Ȼƺٶûбȵһο죬һιȴǱȵһҪµĶֻ࣬ǽ˻ƺĵһȭ͸еһɷǳصľ˳ȭͷӿڡ
ɾвͬľʺ϶ɣһ֮̾ͷɢ߹ɲͬľҴܣͼڵͬϢʼҡ
ҺͷһתӴ̾ʹݻ߹ɲͬľڻƺȭ߶˼ȭٶȷǳĿ죬ȭҲܸͣ˵ȭصļϵһ
һɽһɵĽʺȭϵӿڣɢͬľĴҵӿޱȣ׵ѹЩɢȭǲ롣
һûкˣôվԭزͬӲǽ˻ƺʮϢҵϵĿ񹥣ʮϢһڣƺһԾ
ʵĪ⣬ϣһսֻʤˣ
ʱĻƺɫЩ԰ףȻ£ǿд߶ȭҲѹǳľ޴һʮϢ֮ʱ䣬ܾܿͻ˵
ͨȭڻɣȭȭʦѾˣΪѹƲסڵƣһһƻڲϵļվôһغˡ
ңˣɲһƣͨ˵Ļֱӹˣ֮ȻˣҲ޷ôһֱȥ
֪Ļƺǳѡںʵʱ䣬ûͨȭڵҲ֤İȫ˵һõĺð취
ֻǷȱһЩʱնѣܹȭͰ˼ȭĽûֹһ죬ȻʱջһʵķԾʱĳҪֺúõֽһ
Ҳ΢΢һЦЩһǷǳύġ
˵˵
ƺһЦһк̨ȻȲսô뿪ˡ
ȵƺ̨òҲѾԶʤˣһսҲǺܴģȭǰ˼ȭֵĵط
˺ڣ׼̤쾳ʱҪڻټ֮ȻһͿһͻƵ쾳ľ磬ǸʱʵҲͲǽԱˡ


558 
ͨȭҲһ˲õ˰
ȵص˿̨ϣҦ׶ʱסĵͷ
лƺˣȭһϵ츳ʮ־ˣһǵһ˵;Ѿȭ⣬̫ˣ
ҦҲǲסĵͷޣһɣǿĺ󱲣γʵʢһ˵ĳֻ֣ҪܳɳԱӻꡣ
Ҧ˶Իƺ޲ڣ½ҵ½ݶڻƺҲǷǳȭʦҲǿŰ˼ȭ쾳ȭһϵĳɾͿ˵ڳ֮ߵҲΪ
ƺصͨȭڵĿ̨ϣеǰҲǶı޲ڣֱӮΣҪ˿ͨȭǿʵԼǵľǱһĸһʱӮֻС¶ѡ
̨ıʣĵֱܿȫɣμӵھ̭ĶʮҲѾ˲֮˵;ϢһСʱֱӽеھֵ̭䡣
̶һСʱʱ䣬Ȼû;뿪䳡ҶڸԵλϾţСģǱĿϢһСʱʱܿ͹ȥˡ
̵ת£ʮܿѡˣûйĵʱ䣬ʮ˷ֱֳб䣬һСʱ֮󣬵ھ̭Ҳˣʮ˽˵ʮֵı䡣
½ȻǺĽ˵ʮ֮УĿǰһ֮䵮Ѿûʲôˣ⣬֮˿ӵǿӡ
뵽˺ڵı֮УҵʵҲһ̵֮Ҫǿ࣬Ҫָ̫ãͿԼһֵı䡣
ڴҵһͬ£ʮ֡ʮһһǳɣֵı䣬ֻˡ
һһ½࣬һɵľӣһʮֺСʿһǵۣû˿ľӵģľӾȻһ·оյĴյľսд۾֮С
ս֮ǰ̭Ͳˣǻָ֮ǰѭƣһҪˣܹĻõһͷΣʣĵڶ͵֮չ
ϢһСʱ֮½Լľ˱䳡мǸʮߺ̨֮ϣվ½ݵĶ档
ѾͷҲͲҪű˳ˣǿɵѡҪֵĶ󡣡
½Ŀһˣһ֣һԵĺ첼ʱƮֱӽ̸ȻѾڶˡ
ֺ½ʵǳ˿Ա⣬һѡȨͽСҰɣ
û½࿪ڣվұߵľӾȿ˵ͬʱһĵš
Ȼľӵô£Ǿøְɣҵûʲô֪½ô
΢΢һ㶣Цһվ½ࡣ
ȻûʲôȻҲľӵѡɡ
½ĵ˵ͷ
ãСڴлλˣҵһλսĶ½
ľһָҪսĶ󣬵һ½ࡣ
½ȻЩ⣬͸һ˿ɫȻҶѾ˵ˣȻҲ˵ʲô˵ͷ֮ͬҲһսЩЩûʲô̫Ĳ졣
Ȼ˵һԵһ̨ϣôվ׼˵ı䣬½ҲһߣվһıҲ½ֵģ֮ǰЩ½Ҳˡ
׼˾Ϳʼɣ
½ݵûôĻҪ˵ֻǵ˵һѡ
½룡
ľ΢΢һЦ½һ
֣룡
½Ҳһ
˫ϣľͻȻɫһ࣬ϵĵһ𣬷һ΢Ļ
ζͷoΩoɼ紹oʵةoɣ˫ƿƺϣµĲƽȰڿoʵʮֵķoвۏoǰΩo½࿪ʼת
תȦ֮ʱoľڽֱoڿ۩oϥ౧oµδšתoԲͨͣǿžһʮصУŸǾϤĸо
ȻǰƣɵǴǧĴɣƷȻûʧ
վߵ½ݣ΢΢һ˵
ƣƷִҲкܶϰƷ̫ȭͰ˼ȭЩȭϰֻǲЩӶѣûдڼķȭ
ľʹİƣԲЩƱĻӿԱģİƴȭԲΣͻȭΪֱߵĴͳȭһǷĶѧ
вԲεĲᡢȡڡΪת಻ϣΪϣҪƮ죬УԲţã
Ƹȭ֮ʱײβƮ磬ӰΣհ֮ǰں󣬳ʹָеͷۻԴӦУʵ飬ִײԿΪ֮
֮ԾðЩϤΪƵĲҲߵľŹԵ·ӣ貨΢˴ɵľ磬Ȼһ۾ͿľӲ
ľӣ˭Ӯ
ۿľӻתȦʱһԵ½ݺȻûɵʵ
Ȼ翣ʮѲľûиĹ֧ţӦò½Ķ֡
΢΢һ㶣˵
Ȼơ̫ȭЩһһĶѧǾϰЩѧҲܿԽ̫ĺ蹵ȥԵУԽЩ书ԽҪĹ򣬹ǳʱ򷴶Ӳ
ľ书Ѿǰͷ౻ඥ˹ľӵĶ֣û뵽ľصĻͦ֮ǰȻһɷ罣ߵ󣬹ȻЩ򵥡
½΢΢ҡҡͷ
ⷬЩסˣ֪˵Щʲôܲ˵ȷʵˣ½ҵ棬½ݿǾվǰûǸزԴʱֻʱıˣվһԿ˱䡣
ľӲŲ½߻תȦϥĥ࣬ڵϻĦϵƺڹ۲½Ķûгֵ˼
ôת˼Ȧ֮ľȻûз½ЩסˣȻľӲȳֻ֣ˡ
Ǻॣ
һ½෴һýе̳ϣһ˿ĹһչͶľƮ˹ȥƻʵ죬գۼĹ͵ľӵǰ
ˣôͳֵġ
һĻ½ݶʱ̾˿


559 ţ
½ô˵½ЩˣľʩչİʮֵͨƷǽ˾ŹͼĵƷ
ҵ书Ѱ书ľʵϣʵʵд飬ټֲҵעڹ˵ĳֵĵڹ̫
ľӾûǰָעͳڹʵҲԲȥƾһŵĵҽɷ罣ߵľӵʵѾɼһˡ
½ಢûô룬ȻҲԼԼĸоľӵĲŹľҪǿ࣬ӲӲҲû˿ľ⡣
νһʮˣھԵʵǰƾƻ󣬹ƶˣնᱻԵʵѹû˿Ļ֮
һ½ĳڳʵһ̾ѾľӵǰһǶĳգԿ־ͬһһ㣬ɲǼͿԿ˵ʤ
½һޱȵĳգľû˿ľţɫƽˮν£֪ôľ½ལƵһȻ˳Ĳ档
˵һĻͳˣľӵұ³ϷȻ˲֮Ͳ½ĳ΢΢һתҲ˳Ľ֮ϡ
һĻʱÿд󾪣Ҫ֪һʹĸУͷ·ֱ۵죬ֱͬԣһΪӵֱ۶޷ķԡ
ȥԸеⲢǲܵ飬һ㶼ǸϷˣֵʱһУЩҲƾģе
Ը½ˣǳ˪Լˣ½ɲʲôս֮ˣǱпܶõһ֮һһ书ֱ׷һЩǰˡ
ڳ˶ΪľһԷ֮벻һĻֳˡ
½ľӾȻҿֶԸ棬ȻҲһ˿ŭ⣬ΪǶԷƣΪʵֵһᣬôҿ־ȡеĳ
΢΢ŭ֮£½гһɲǼ˳ʱתҪľӵƳ׵Ľãһ̵ĽѵԺǧҪȥֶԸֵĳ
½෢תʱľӵоһ˾˵ı仯ԭֻǽڽ϶ѣ½תǰһ̣ͬʱʼתһ¡
ȻľӲûбʲô̫ǿǾĽ½еĳȻžһ˺üأ½еֻʣһĽѡ
ͻı仯ڳ˶ʱȵסˣһЩŵĿľӣĿгɻ󣬾ȻԿֻ½еĳֱһ˼顣
½ɲʲôߣʵ֮ǿĿõ飬û뵽Ȼսʱ򣬱һľӻٵеĳֱϴһĶ⡣
ţ࣬СһȻľѾţƵİܽ˻ٵеĳ򵥣治򵥣ɲǴɣ̱һɻҪǿĶࡣ
½ҲһĨ̾ζͷ˵
Ҳ˸ղľһƵİΪҵƷ֮һĵȴǷǳƽǴͨͨ
ͽʮһЩƷ߾磬ǸᲢãһܵ־书㲻Ƕ书
ȻʮƷϰ߾磬һǿɸտᣬ仯Ī⣬ҲƲǵʱ书֮һˡ
Ҳһϰ߾磬Ա֮ĥƴˤλĥܵʱľĥƴˤ෴ţơ
ȻͦģȴʮֵľˣľʹţƣģţڳéݵʱƷ
éȫһľݣ΢һСģͻᱻéһѪۣʮֵķţȴéݵʳԣͷ˳éݵĸһһΣͿɵĽéݳ¶ǡ
ͷǶô۵Ĳλţȴַ֮éݣаˣλ־ǹĦһ㣬ڰдƷţơ
ٹҵţһϣزаˡ
ղľֽ֮ܿ½еĳҪԭΪ½ת˳ʵܾǿټľӼ̷š˳˵ľһ𣬲Ǻܽʵĳ̶ϳ˼ء
ϾʲôܿסͬʱʹľȻҲǺ顣
ţǰƵ߾֮һ֣û뵽ľӾȻѾ˳ȻҲǸԷǷ֮ˣ˿С
г֮½ƺͻȻ˹ԭлеһ˿ŭʱʧӰ٣Ѿ֪ǰֲöԸ
ƣţྡྷľӵֲصĺ
һȻľӣ½۾΢΢һУһ˿â
½ˣֿɶ˲õĸ֣ûһѹ׵Ĺôս
ľҡҡͷʮƽ˵
ãڰƵ֮ߣʮʵ͵һϸ°ɣ
½Ҳ˵ʲôϻľһʺ϶Ķ֣ڳһǿĹӲѹ֮⣬Ҳûʲôõȡʤ취
䣬һǿƾʹ½˳ȻѾȫ߶ڵгȻѾѣҲͰѽֱӶ̨֮⣬ָһһԼԼĽð˳Ȼָ
ľӵӦѾʶˣ֪׼Ӧԣ
Ŀ΢գ½ζʱԭؿٵתʱܣ漴ЩͿʼںţһϢ֮һ޴Ľ
ʹһеٶ½ȻϴεʱûȫʩչʩչĽһɷԲɱϴεķΧҪĶˡ
һεĽâҲϴǰĿγɵʮֱֵͣһ㣬ֻǴ͸ӻԿ۶ɡ
һ½ʵҲϴôļ򵥣ҶһЩ֣ҲãдŸ˼
½ʵȻϴһأľӾȻû˿ݵζҪͨĸּ½ĽͻžҪôӦˡ
΢΢һľϵϢһͻȻ䱩ǣһ˿½ǿ˲ӿ˳


560 
ֵĺԤףߵ½ݶûܷľھȻôǿʱҲЩ
ڳ̨ϵĹڣǾȵĿɿڴˣ˭û뵽ľӾȻһ̶֣˿½࣬Լϵĸо
ɣīϵѵѾɢ𣿡
½ΪƵǿߣȻ֪һЩͬϹģʶôһλܹ֮ôǿĹȻǰʲôߡ
Ҳ½ݵû˵ʲôֻǾⳡԽԽ˼ˣû뵽ʱ̾ȻɱһɹȻ򵥡
ʩչǿľӣչֳİƿɾͲô򵥵ļˣ΢΢һ𣬴˳׿ʼĴӿ˳ȥһĹ򣬵¾ͳһֵľ޴ͼ
ͼԼʮɷԲȻرƽʯ̾͵̨ϻǿķǳľӱ˾վԵġ
ǣƣ
½е㾪ˣƿ˵ǰƵĽװ棬֮ǿҪڰ֮ϣΪľţƾͺ˲ˣû뵽Ȼѧ˸һ书ƣ
̨ϵĺܶطҲһľȻҲϳľʹõƷ֮ǰı䣬ΪľȻԶǲڹԶԶ½࣬ջǻ½
û뵽ʱľӾȻķתʾչֳ˰Ƶţƾһ־ͷϵ½еĳڸչǿĹʩչ˸һİơ
һɣ
صĻ湻ģ
Ȼ浽ľӵԲ򵥣ǹ̵ģ
̨ϵһƬƬ˽֮ڿûٸСľˣѾһԾΪ˺½ͬĸ֣֮Ͼͻһս
СİûãҲǷǳĴ죬ͽ½úõĥһ
Ȼӿһ˿Ц⣬ľӵο˿Ʊͷǳעʩչ˰֮һ㣬翡֡
ڵϰͼķΧڣľƺĴκһطٶ֮죬ʵ΢һ׽ѣһ½ص
½ɫҲϾȻΧţһɾ޴ΣлǽѾоˣľһ֣ȻǾһ
ȻҲȳ֣ǿĽľӣľƶٶȷǳ죬ҺäĿĹֻ˷
ԸЩԶԶûˣȻǿӻģͬĸ֣ʹ½࣬ҲԼҲƴ󣬱ȵľ˭Ĺӵˡ
½վﲻͣתʼάĽûзӣľתʮȦ֮ҲͲڼ۲ˣһѾ½ߡ
Ϊ½һֱתҪҲǺѵģ׼ʱȥǱ󣬵ȵ˵ʱ˵ͱˣľҲɴ಻ȴʱˣôֱӳ˹ȥ
˫໥һĥؿʱȺĶֳһССİԣȫɵģĲϵ΢΢תš
ԲƴСľһĵ½Ļ֮ʱµʱͱ˳
һ޴İ˲䴩͸佣ǿܾȻʹֹͣתôһɲǣľӶʱϲɫһ֣һٵƹ˽ϡ
ÿһĳһ޴İ͸½תԵѾ취ĻܿĽͻᱻľǿбͣˡ
֪²½࣬̾͸ıսԣʩչҲǼΪḻģϾǸ½һеģ½Ǻų½ҵĵһţҲһĵһʵսľȻǲٵġ
еȻһը½ϵƸŶȻһ㣬ĽʱֹͣתÿһƬ궼½Ŀ¼ٵת
һɢ֮󣬼ʮƬʹ˷ľӣһǼΪǿ뽫㱬֮ʹóҲǳѣΪһãпըĵ
½Ҳûа취˲ʹʱҲֻһʱ취ľӵİͼȥһֱվ޴İͼԶҲľӵĶ֡
ò˵һжԸľӵЧǷǳԵģʹľŽаͼӳ֣ҲǿеֵЩٷ꣬һ֮ͼĹΧ
ЩǱ½Ƶģľ׼깥Χʱе궼˲˷ߣľӵķλͼٵ׷˹ȥ
ʵϲ˿ܸľӵٶȣ½ҲǿģֻҪľӵϢЩѣԸղûȷ
˼ʮƬҪ׷ٵľӵķλͼ򵥵ĶˣֻҪϵСΧȦľģʱľӳǿеֵһ;⣬ûκεİ취롣
Ȼľ֪һ㣬ű任˼֮󣬷Щɻ׷ʱͣΣһ죬Ȼһ֮޴İͼ֮˳
һʱ̨ȫİͼ꣬ǿײһ𣬱ŷ˾޴ˣʯ̾͵̨Ҳ֧飬мҷɣ˽սҵĳ̶Ѿֱ׷ͳһվ
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½һû뵽ľӾȻô죬쵽ûü׼һ׼Ͼղŵ㱬Ѿڵĺˡ
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һһ׷ľӵٶȴԶԶĳ½ֻ࣬Ĺ򣬰ͼѾ¸ǵ½Ľ£ľһѾٶȵ½ǰ
ͼĺôľΪģ˵ͼһ㣬ڰͼķΧڣľӵṦǱȷ̻ͻҪĶ࣬ȻҪ׷̻͵Ļľӻ׷ϵģΪóṦͬ
ٴ׷½ԣľûκεĳɣ˫̾΢СİҲͬһʱת


561 
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û뵽ľӾȻ׷ôʱ򶼲ֱ׷Ӷķ˹
뵽ȻһĶֱƵⲽأ½ͷٶӿһ˿ŭ⣬ɫĳһ֮ڵͻȻƽ
ͷ˿һƮɣ½ұۣϡƽûκۣľӾҪֱնȥ
ʱվߵ½ͻȻʧȥӰһ̾͵½ǰһס½̧ұּۣ򵥵ƳһƣѾƵ½ߵľֱӸ˿
ľһ˿ȵɫ½Ȼ֣ǲû˼ֻǽ˵һԣǹҲֻƾѡ
ǿ̨ϵȴǲͬˣǲ֪еʱһվڵеһλ׷ԲԵһ󿪿˵ˡ
½֣Ǻ⣿ĪҪСǵı½Ļϵҵǿ½ֹУЩ½־ʲô硣
׷ߵ̺һ˿ص˲ʹ䳡
ӣ־𣿡
½һ˵һӿֳһǿ֮Ĺ˲ֱӴ½ڣ½ԭƽٶȵɢƺĳ½֮ǰʩչط
һ֮½ҲһѪʱ˳ɫȴǱȸղźöˡ
½Ǻ⣿
Ϊӵλ׷߶ʱһЦ˸Զľ룬ôֱӶ
½ĳû˺ɵˣǽ˷˿ѣһ䣬½ˣ಻ľӵĶ֣ٱȥҲûʲô˼ˣҳ˵ı䣬ôǶҵо𣿡
½ݺһȻȴǽ̨ϵĶͷ΢΢һʱɫЩˡ
¶һ˿Ȥɫ½һں˱䳡ĳԲεı䳡أصĴ𶯣׾ٵ䳡ˡ
½ֲҪŭҲΪС룬Ƕɣ
΢΢һЦվ˶ٶ˻ȥ
Ȼɵ˶ų̂ɵȻûˣϾ½ݿһ½ˣоķǳҵȻ޷˵
ľӣ
ѹ½ʩչط֮½תͷľޱ˵
ľӡ
ԳѾãŰ֫ħײŵ½ݣľҲǲ˿Ĵ⣬½ͻȻ֣Ҳһܹü
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½ݵ˵ͷֱʵ
īʦ档
ľûκεҲǸɴĻشһ䣬½Ȼ˵Ҫ֪ЩϢǺܼ򵥵飬ûıҪ
ʦ棬Ϊඥľīϵɣ
½һ˿
ǰµûһʦ
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ܺãʡԶϵȣҲǳĲټīϵĴԺµľҲؽһϯ֮أúõ
ĵ˵ͷ½˵
ǰĽ̻壡
ľӲûΪ½ݵĿ޾ϲɫֻǹĻһ
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ľӼ仰˵֮½˽һսΪ½ѾܸľӣԵһֻľӺ֮䵮
ӮľӵĻһȻڶľӣ½ֻܳΪ
෴ľӣôľӾǵһҪ½ٽһ䣬ȷ˭ȡõڶ
ӵһĽǺܴģԾǵڶҲǱҪģû˻ĸԸóڶô
˽ı֮½ͽ½һԵ̨ϣһվߣԭȵ̨սʤľӣϢָĵط
½࿴һۣûп˵ʲôֻĿһ֮;ϥ̨ϣʼ˵Ļָڵơ
ղ½ݵ赲½ҪʹһŷǳطˣطΪħնһʵʵڵħܼ򵥣ȴǷǳľ޴
ǵȫ˲Ϣ֮ǿȵѹȻֱ۳һնƼ򵥣ʵʩչǳѣǾҪ˲佫ڵѹһѵˡ
ѹȻǿԾѹҲ֮ǣôһĻû㹻ǿȸס˲ѹǿֱӾͻᵼȫѡ
ҲΪʲôղ½ڵΪ㱬Щʱ򣬻ͻȻ֮ƽϢΪʹħն֮Ѿǿнڵѹˡ
ѹ֮󣬻Ҫֱ۴ǿնѹȻǲܻͷŵģҲסֻһԵȫͷų󻯵Ļھѹ
ʵ͸˺ҲǷǳ޴ģ˶һԴȫͷղ½ͷǵħնұҪһ¶ڶãҪ׵ľһָܻ
һĻƾħնӮľҲûʲô̫ˣΪһȻ֪ûʵǾ͹Ŀǰ¶ʵҲһֵֻ½ͿӮ˵ġ
мڴˣ½Ȩ̨֮֮ϣǿֹ˱ĽУƾžĹǿдɢ½ѹħնط״̬
Ҳ½ʩչˣһĸ֣Ǻ½ͬĸʩչħն½ݾûôܹǿжطʩչ
һѾȻҪϢһСʱ˿żôվ֪ʲôҲûʲô飬˿˲һָĪĸо
ɵľӺ֪᲻ǰĶ֣½඼ˣ½ݳģ½ʵıȲǸľˡ
Ҧڿ̨ȴЩżľͻȻǿʵѧһϵļ츳úܶ˶ΪѾʸĵһˣĶ֡
õģɵӣľӻСֵĶ֣ҪүүΪʲôүү㱣֤Բƭġ
ҦҡͷһЦŮǹңﶼʵҲ֪һ˵ľһˣľӺ½һϣҲֵġ


562 ƽ
ȻҦΪʲôүүôʵȻүү׿˵ĻҲûʲôɵˣֻɻЩģϾľչֳʵҲǷǳǿ
һСʱʱܿ͹ȥˣľӺ½һŲûķǳϢһСʱֻ½Ϊиʱ䣬Ҳñ˿ࡣ
ʱһ½ľӾվ
֣룡
΢΢һЦľһ
룡
ҲЦŻһ񣬽ǰһʲôѾֱӿ̨֮ľ룬ת˲֮ͳľǰԶ
ֺṦ
ľһ֣ղչ¶ṦѾ˼ߵľ磬֮ϵĸоϾṦʩչҪﵽղŵЧҪڰͼǵķΧڣѾΪ֮ˡ
ֵṦҲղŵİ˴۽磬û뵽ᵽĹͷǿĶ֣һǳĵ顣
˵ͷЦ˵
һᵽֻʣֺ½һۣ̫û˼ˣСĳ֣ҲΪ˸һȤѡ
ľӵʮֵ˵俴һòһ㶼
˵ļǣҪûһͲҲδ̫Ȥˡ
ͬһЦʮͬľӵĹ۵㡣
֮ǰսֵʵӦ½֮ϣһβֵĻ½ﲢֵĶ֡
ˣľҲѻתصϡ
ȵĲʵٳӵڶأǼ򵥵һԿԸģҪ֪˭ǿ˭ԱԹһŻи׼ȷĴ𰸡
Цҡҡͷ
ϾֻǱ䣬ɱղܸо½ʹõʽž޴ΣԣҲһܹȻĽڱʹóûʲôҪˡ
ľ˵ͷЩп˵
ϾֻǱ䣬ȵѧһϵĽ⣬Ҫָһǵı͵㵽ΪֹΣ
Ц
ô˵ٺòˣҲΪһ䣬ѴҸһ㡣
ľ̾ͬҲչһ˿Цݡ
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Ȼ֮ǰչֳʵҲͺ½࣬ǲ֪ΪʲôľжľҪԶԶĳ½࣬ԲŻһֱʹ׵Ķ
΢΢ζһ£ľӾѾǰԶµİͼҲԸԳĸλãľӵξͱϵĲӰܽϵ֡
Ǻ֮ǰһ·ľһûֱĴϵ֣ϸ۲ı󶯡
ҲûʲôȻվǱûȴһֱעľͣΣԵͼѾȻĳ֮С
ԭսƾŶԾŹԵ⣬ֱڷľӵĲһľӵĲ׵ƽ⣬ôľӶû˿ʤ㡣
ȻֱӲӲı䣬ľҲĶ֣ʹֱֶΣԸżҪóĵطǣǳ׵ķڷ
ȥԼĪӲʱ䣬ͻȻЦ
ƣǬ𡢿Ϊԣ㡢롢ΪԣǬߡšġһްˡ
Ļﴫ˳ǶľɵӰȴǼΪ޴ģĻдʱľӵͻȻ΢΢ζ˼£ȻǱһ˿
ⲻܣ
ǿԶ֮ľָֻԭƶٶȣ侪ȵȴѾ¶ĵ𶯡
˲֪˵ʲô˼ľȴǷǳģղűЩ֣ƶĹؼڣҲ˵ֻǿôһ֮󣬾Ѿ˰Ƶܡ
һз֣йǬǣ߶Ұ޾š
һЦûж˵ʲôһھ֮ͻȻһʧԭأ̨ϵĹھͷһʮص
ľӵӰƺصһ𣬲ľƶԱ߹һĸ棬ľŬҪ˦ɽһԡ
ÿµˣ
ڸղ˵һλʱ½ݻûʲô̫ԵķӦϾⶫʲô֮أֻҪоܶ˶ȥо
Ȼڿ˰֮̾Ӱεĸľӵһ˾ˣҲ˵ֻôһӵĹȻѾ׵˰Ƶ
ⲻܣ
ȵĪɵһȺˣмӸֱվղ½ݶľӳֵʱȵɼĵļѹ֣Ѿѹֲסĳ̶ȡ
ڳ˭˽Ƶ̶ȣô϶ǷĪˣΪľӾͽܣҲԴڸľӵģī˾ʦҲľӵʦ棡
һĶǰƺͽװİƣߵ˵ӣǸģõľ׿ԽͽܣȻ㾡ȫĽ̵ˣī˻֮ʱĹľӡ
£ɲųһľĺӵܣǾһӵܣȻʩչʱ򣬱ڶ̶һھͳ׵Ŀˡ
ī˺Խ̵ľӣѧĲҲ㻨֮ãʩչѾǷǳĽˣҪ֪ľӱҲǺܾ˵ġ
һǰѾʲôˣһʼû׹Ŀ̨ϵˣҲ˹ǾѾ׿˰ƵѾľӲµĳ̶ˡ
ôܣ
ܣԲܣǿҲôǿ󷨰ɣ
ֱǺţ
һӿ̨ϸﴫ˳˶ǰʵʵͰݲô˿Ļɡ
ưɣ
ǰǲڹŪ飿
Ҳɵ˳Ͼǰһмֱ̫ˣ˱ܵľҽĵš
ⲻܡ
ʱһᶨĴ˳
ǰ̨ҲԵ϶ܰɣ
ϵ̾ҵ־ͬϵѣɫһϲʵ


563 Ӳƴ
˵Ĳܣ˵ơ
˿˵ĻȴΧ˶ʱһ㶡
Ϊʲôܣ书ⲻǺ𣿡
˲ģһʵ
书ǻ׽𣿼ϴ辭𣿡
ȴǲмҡҡͷɵ߾ѧ֮һǸ⴫ģͺֵ׽ϴ辭һ˱˵ѧˣһ涼ϼѡ
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֮ĻΧ˶ʱòһ˻Ŀ˵û뵽¼侹Ȼ˾֮ˣҵȺֱͬөһ㣬ʵ֮𰡣
ţܹʶһǲУԺȥҲ˴ʱˡ
һҲԳһЦҡҡͷ
̨ϵ˾ȣ½ݾȣ½ҲһԾĵԲ˫ۣղŰȵͶ·İƣȻƽˣǰ󻹲һӵʱ䡣
ѵ֮Ĳô
½һʱ䲻Щʣֱ޶۵Ĳʷǰ࣬ԳĽ׶Σûκεǻۿԡ
½ൽԷǳļᶨЩ뷨ֻԺһͱ׵ĸϳԺ
Щ˶֪СҦҵ貨΢ɣ
ҦһЦתͷҦ˵Ҫ۲£ƵĲôܺ貨΢ȣСһ貨΢˼ߵľ磬ڶʱڳ׵ĿľӵĲ
ӦСʣҲ̫һӶʱ䳹׵ĿưƵĲǱϾɵĶѧ֮һɲôġ
ҦҲЦŵ˵ͷ
貨΢ܹô̵ʱڣͨ۲ľӵĲ˰ƵĲСֵʺҲǼΪµġ
Ҧ̾˵
ʵҦ׺Ҧ²һΪ׵Ĳ貨΢Բڼ̵ʱھƽ˰ƵĲ԰ͼ˽⣬Ҳز
ҪȽ貨΢ĸǿ϶ڰ֮ϵģϾǴĶṦ򻹰ѧڣԼһļ
貨΢вŰԣоŹڣײԾŹΪ仯֮óͷĿѣͬ貨΢ɾҲǲͬġ
ͱҦҵҦףͬ貨΢ˣĲҪһˣΪԾŹԵԶҦ֮ϣȻɵ貨΢Ҳӵˡ
ŹΪӹ˫̵Խ
ŶݼУŹأΪŶݼ֮ǲԴȪŶݼ׷Ϊ졢ءˡ̣֮Ψеǲġ
ϾŹ貨΢ȻҲ˲⣬ڿԭĻζ粻һҲᵹ£Ϊ˾Źͼԭ
䳡ֳս˵УҲֻҦҵ֪貨΢һ֪Ѿ貨΢׵ĲˣɵҦ֮ϣҦҵҲҪ°ˡ
Ҫ˵ڳ֮˭𺳣ȻҪֵľˣ˭ֻԶ۶ǽսֻһˣеһɺ˳ż׵һ·µĸоֱëֱ
ôΣŬѣһĽ˦Ҳ˦ֱͬҩһϣʲôʱλһֱڱûκεı仯
֪ȥ²ľӣʱıսȻʩչƵĲӮôԾͲʩչˣֱӿʼò֡
дľӣս̾˱仯ڸƶʱȻһ٣˫һܺãƳɵֱ󣬶ʮֵΡ
ȻǲᱻԻģٶһѾľӵεǰ¶һ˿΢Цһ죬ľӾֱ˹ȥһۻʱעұۣǿľ紵ľϵĵ۶һ졣
α仯ٶ֮죬ľӴʱѾûʲôȵĵطˣʱҪսаͲˣһھƽĲˣѾûȥƴˡ
Ϯ˻˫͵һͻȻһһɣһǿѾ͵ֲľƶԵܵĺӲƴһơ
أ
һ񱩵ľʱɢ˿ͬʱľӵӰҲ˲׷˿һѪǲ˼ɫ
ƣṥζΪСӲƴʵڲǵľٶ
ľӱһɣҦ׶ʱһЦҡҡͷ
ȻǶǽڲԶʤֵĻϣ貨΢ǿС֣˵ĵطѾûˣҪƴСĿǸٱĽʮƣľӣûʤ㡣
ҦҲ˵ͷ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֣̫Ľˣ˳ÿ˵书ҲߵףʡһǸһȣŮѶǹɫ㼶ˣˣ򸴺󣡡
һԵͳҲҡͷԵ˵һֱߵһ̳ӣ͵Ĺһھơ
ҦĿһͳһۣȴû˵ʲôתͷȥľӵı䣬Ȼ֪ӮҲһֱǼŵģʼջЩĵġ
̨ϣһֱɵľغֲס˳˼ǲ˼ɫȻ֪ǽʮƣҲ֪ƷҪ۸һĶ书û뵽ô
ҪǽʮѾкܶûֽˣΪ书ʱҪǿ֮߶һžżߵѧûǿƶʮƸӲ
ǶЩһĸ˵˼ʮ֮Ǳ书·ѾͣۻףǸʱȥ·ͬĽʮƣҲǷӲٵġ
ΪԭԾһкܶ˹Ѿ㹻ҪҲȽ˻ȥ书Ͼ书ǿõģҪĻҪʺ
Ȼ˰ԵƥҸղЩ֪ߵغˣȻֱƴ
оһ˿ľӲ˲ǣ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
书·ͬƱҲ书ֲǫ顣
ЦЦ
ղЩˣȻ˰Ƶڣֵ֮ϣóѹ׵ı£û취ּһսˡ
ľӵ˵ͷɫʱĲͻȻ仯һ£ôһɲǵʱ䣬оĴڡ


564 ֮
оľϸ΢ı仯ʱҲ΢ɲľ⣬кڸղţľʹĳطľʱˡ
Ȼ֪ôҲͬطһ㡣
ͨ书һľˣʹҲʽԱøӵľⶼΪԹķԼ֮ĸ
֮ȻǶ书ķĸ֮Ƕ֮ĸĶͬĿĶһģǾǿʵ
ԴﵽĿĵķкܶ࣬ĵҩ֮ǿ󾳽ĸͬĶ֣Ǽֱǳ׵ѹ
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һľӣȻطɣȻ򵥣
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ֹܣܣľڵʵȻǲʩչģֻ˵İͼԺн׵ǱʣܲܽףҪľŬˡ
֣ϣһΣԱƳʵ˶۽ɣ
Σ羳Ծ쾳ľӻһʱ䣬һ쾳ֵǱ䣬Ļ˿϶ȥᾳ֮䲻ͬĲ졣
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ҡͷһЦڵۻʼӿһǿ֮ƶʱ¸ǵİͼʼڶԿһ
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۴˵ͷһ˿âǼҺĹϵһֱֵĶҲһֱߣû뵽һʱղȻѾôǿˡ
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ںžƵͳҲֱӾˣеľƿб˶֪ĴҺ˳ƿ˳ʪǰ·
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ղʵ̫ˣеʧ̬еʧ̬ˡ
ͳҡҡͷźˬʵĹһЦ
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һ˼£Ϊĸ֪УľӵӰѾ׵ʧˣ⻹ǵһ˿ĸ֪ʧһôľ롣
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֪һûлţǳŵվʱ˿̣ԲӦõӦ֮óȻһľӻʲôƣʱɾͲ˵ˡ
ۻܲÿһռ䣬ֻҪľǰԲĸӦʱƭĸ֪ûа취ƭΪҲһ֡
Ҫƭֻһ취Ǿ֮Уȫǿҵĸǣһ֣˲ܱ֡
޴İͼתľӵİ˸Ӱվڰ˸λͣڱŲͬʽûǰƺ׼ôȥˣʵ֤ľǺĲġ
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ȻʮƵĳûʲôôô绻һַľ÷ȥ̴˫ԣԴ˫Եķ


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ʩչ˫֮ľӣ˫Եʵһ֣ȫʩչĻ̫ͼҪҲһ׵顣
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ֻ׿Խˣһ֮ˣʵʵĽһ书òűȽ׵ֻٶȸӵĻʲô̫á
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ҪͿʩչĽֲܱ䣿
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ʱҲܿ϶С˽ȴûгǺܳԿ鰡û˽İĽٸ߳ʧٵġ
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ǣʮֵķصŷұӼǱʮֵƣ˵ŷҵĴʼղϳԵΪֹһֱղŷҵУҲû֪ľ䡣
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569 
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ѹĴԽ࣬ԽʵھתĴԽֵ࣬ٶȾԽ죬߶ȡھǷܹܽĴԼǷܹƽγɡ
ڸտʼʱ򣬾ѹƲסγɵĽ½ɢ޷ֶԵеϰһʱ֮˽γɵҪ죬֪Žжô
ʵ֪֮ǰһָиָһָҲǵ괴񽣵λʹõһָ
һָΪ֮书ǧʷܼ򵥣Ч׿ӦǿңΪһָϰ֮ɵЧﵽָľ硣
ָľ磬ָܼĵطһεĽǺɨָ˵УȻѸٿǱܣβƼ˵ڹΪڹĻ
߶һָʱ򣬿ֽУʮѨ§ڡߡɨ仯ʵĪ⣬ܡá⡢ա̡֡£鷴ʵ֡ۡ⡢ϥ磬ˣۣٿǰٿ󣬺ˣʩչɡ
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һֱͣľҲǾ֣û뵽֮е񽣾ȻǿȻ˫Եͼֹ佣Ĵ͸
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ڿ̨һȺھȻʧѾõ֮ʱ̨һӪУȴһȺ˼Ѱ񷢳˾ɡ
벻ҶμҶʧžѧǧ꣬ȻгһջܼŽ֮߾ѧķɣ
ӪУһͷڰ׵ߣоȻ˼Ứʱ˿̣ȻЩƲסһ㡣
үү±֮ȥһɣܲܽ񽣵Ľ׻۸ʲôĴۣǶϧ
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ʱ˿ʹóһֱûжҡ쾳ƿȻһ˿ɶ


570 ֮
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ʱ˿̣ڳ֮УΪӽҲľһˣֻķϾȻһ˿ϢϢʮֵУΪʱľҲͨطǿġ
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ľҲǷǳľȣһ˼֮ȻһԼҲŵľãһ֮ܶʲô̶ȣ
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ٵȵȣһеĻȻֹľӡ
΢΢ҡҡͷûκεı顣
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571 
ͻ֮ʵʱһأȻڵûг׵תΪҺ̬ھϣѾĽ쾳С
ĸ쾳ʵطǿн쾳ľȻҪǿĶ࣬ټϱʵҪľӣһ֮ʵҲǷǳµġ
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ʱҲһϾͱ˹ȥ˫ͬʱ˰ͼĴĴ˺һڣʹڴֱ̨Ͽա
ʱλãϵİͼλûҪߣ˲ҪʲôʱϵϢٶȱ仯ˣ±˽ʮǰԵƥϢ
쾳֮е书һ̨ףһµľ磬ȫȻ緢˳Ѿ׹ȻӲֹ˰֮С
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ʯݸߴ࣬ͨɴʯɣκϣ֮ǰ½Ҳֿ⵹Щƣ˴⴦ʯݵʱʯݵĴͻȻĿˡ
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󲻴˵ʲô½ǰȥʯ˼£һϢʱ䣬ʯ·һ޴𶯸УʯĻƶ˿¶·ڽݡ

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쾳ֻһʮԵı־ǾʶˣΪļʶľҲ̲һҪһ쾳ֵʵǿ񣬿ʶ̽жԶͿ԰˾Ųʮƶϳŵʵˡ
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ξٰᣬû뵽Ȼĵõ½Ϣǰֿ½ľĴȥ˫׵ķĹõϢ½ɳһӰħ½츺
½죬½û뿪½ҵʱ˾Щ·ӣֻǰ½ҵ棬˲ûбʲôҵĳͻԹˡ
½ȥһǷֹʲô֣½ŷӣ½ҲһĻᣬϾ½ǵǸ½Ļ½ʵһҲûġ
ɳ½죬½ﻹǱȽϷĵģһ½϶ڽӣû뵽ǣ½Ȼһˣ½춼ûκϢ
Ȼ⼸ӰħһֱڰĴ̽ڵ½жҲأټͻȻ֣½Ӱħٶʵ̫죬սûʲô˷ӰħҲ̽ʲôϢ
ټڵĴѾ½࣬ǻ½ݣ½жҲ̫һ½ݲʲôͷɾͲˡ
½Ȼֱ½ңһűŵ쾳֣ʲôͺ˵ˣϾ½ΪǼ±˳ȥڻĻпҲΪǼ顣
½飬½ŵı쾳֣ʲô쾳ֵǱȽϡٵģܹЩֳǸ˼ӣǼǳҪ
½ͻȻص½ң˺ܱӣ½Ҫܵӣ½˵ʲô飬˵Ǹйء
ϣ½飬ǻҪҪ̽
Ǹ˿½һڳ˼һûʲôϢɵĳʵ
ţ̽ϢбҪ̽ģ˲½߸쾳ĸ֣һҪСģҪ̫󡣡
½ع۾΢΢һе


580 Զƻ
һ˳׼Ҧ˳ȥ֣ʯ϶Щʲôٰſھһˣվ½λŵˡ
ǶγɣҶͬţ½ſйһ֮Ե
ˣ˶ʱ΢΢һЦк
ã֪ʲô飿
ҲЦŴк
㣬ҹȥ
γɼҪ˵⡣
ϣ
ɻüһ̧ǵʶʲô
վһλǰ֮һϣѫ
γ֪ʶ½Ҳŵ˵һҲе׵ġ
ԭǰͶִ·ˡ
ŻȻ򣬿Ǳŵ쾳Ҫˣ̤쾳֮󣬽ӴĲȻǲһˡ
ˣ룡
γɵͷһЦͷǰȥ
ȥȥͻء
Ҧ˵㷢΢΢һЦŶγ뿪ˡ
Ҧ˶µĵ˵ͷ֪׵쾳֮ݵλȻ֮ǰͬˣкܶףӴһûʲôĿܡ
Ҧ˲֪ҪĿɲʲôǻǿţĵڱ֧ţɲʲôܹġ
½¶½֮ٶʱҲͲأֱסһΪͥԷ¥ڣ۵αȴӻҪ߳ü𣬿ɼŵ֮ʢ
ڻͥԷһСԺӣɽˮݵػԣװһӦȫ½λԺͤһ˵顣
ϵܣ
γɴ˽½ʱЦ
½ϸ磬ⲻһ˵ǰҪң̾͸Ϲˡ
ҲһЦһո˻ǰԺ˲Ϣ֮ĹѾ½ߣһ
СֺÿṦоеϤӣӦҦҵ貨΢ɣ
ѫԵһ裬ЦݵĵݸȥʮֵС
ϹȻ۹ˣҦҵ貨΢
ӹ˲豭ͷһЦ
貨΢һμṦʱƺʮǰʱǹ̫ˣ֪ҦҵλôˣⲽѾ˼Ϊľ磬ѵҦλԴڵģ
ѫһ˿䣬ȤĿʵ
˵λҿûмģŲҦ˵үү˴رҲģĳ˴ڡ
ҡҡͷ
ģ
ѫʱȵʵ
ڱῪʼǰ졣
˵ͷ
ţţ
ѫһλ߶һۣжһ˿ζתͷ˵˵ڣûиһ£λҲǱŵˣл־ˣƺһлϾͺá
лϡ
л־˴кл־Цŵ˵ͷȴû˵
лͷʱտôȥˣȻѾ׵쾳Ѿϰ˵̫ĻС㲻Ҫ֡
ѫһԽһ䡣
ԭտлˣʮ塣
ʱ˹
տνտڣΪٿҵ֣ԼҵνעΪߣҵνǿڼտǼտڵ㣬򣬷бտ֮˿ڣô
ҵжȽϿǶԶԵȷЧУĸҲ࣬ʵǿģÿһ֤ôķŸ֣ʵС
л־ֻ΢΢һЦû˵ҲΪ⣬ȻѾ֪˶Էտĸ֣Ȼȥ˵ʲô
½ϸ磬֪ڼƻеΣ
һ裬½ʵ
ƻеĻ˳ⶼҪϵ¶ĵһǵļƻǺܳԶģ½ҵıڤ񹦣Ӧóʿ㲻¹ҲҪóͶĸһ
½Ц˵
ڤ񹦣ҪĻҿԽⱾؼȫдҲסеݡ
üͷ΢΢һ½ΪʲôҪô鷳
ҵȻ֪ϵѾбڤ񹦵书ķһҪĲ½óڤ񹦣ղص书ķ
½΢΢ҡҡͷ
⣬²̫װɣ
ʱüͷ
½ҵ֮½ǧ书Ĳؾ󣬱Ҫ½óȫղص书ķڱ½췴½ҵۺһ췴ƻɲһľˡ
½ҵЩ쾳֣ԸǾ͵Ͷ뼫ѵκһԺ󶼻ĺ󻼡
֪뷨Ҳ½ұȵ췴һ·ϣ½ҾǧĴУӵеʵ֮ۺ½˱˭
½ЦŰ˰֣˵Ҫֻ½ҵĺԼһʵҪ£½ҵĸ߲ŵĸ߲㣬һֵȨ
ͨȨֻƶȣ½ĸԸĽҪأȡŸǿ
ʱ½Ĵ㡣
½ҵʵѾܵƿչȥҲиӹգҪһӴƽ̨ȥչܹǿ½ҵ£Ҳν顣
½Ц˵еĹâ峺ƽͣǵıǿţǿĵֻҪܹõıģô˭ȥٿʲôϵأǵıﵽ˾ͺá
ȻˣǱſһɺǿһ֮ˣɲһء
˵ͷ˼Ȼ׵ģĺҲС
һСѾͲصˣ½ҵʵȻǿ󣬾㽫פ˱Ÿ߲㣬Ҫձţǻһκܳ·Ҫߡ
ѫҡͷһЦ浽Ǹʱ򣬿¾ͲҪĵˣΪǹѾǺܾԺ飬Щˣܻῴһˡ
˵ǡ
ҲǵͷһЦη֪ѾЩ½Һͱ֮䵽ʱʲô飬Ҳڵȥ浽ͷȻֱԺȻԺ˵ˡ
ʱ䣬½߿ܻһЩжСûʲôĻ߶һʱ䣬ʱЩطҪİæ
ѫ˵ͷЦ˵
ж
΢΢һ㶣ͷӦ˹ѵҪϴ½ҵͽ
½ҵͽǿ϶ҪϴģЩֻ½ҸӵĸãҪǲ֪½ҵĸ߲ѾõһΣҪеĹ۲졣
ѫɫк½ҲôöԸġ


581 ǰ·
㱣λ쾳ĸ򣬵ǶԸ½ҵӴʵѫûʲôϾ½ҵĴӪڰеĸ
Ҫһڲ֪½ҾжͶħһ棬Щڸĺڰе˲½Һͱŵͷһ̣ЩǸܰĵ뿪½ҡ
½ҵӦѾڰв̽ڵͽˣ½ϸĳ½ҵſڣЩӦöѾ֪鱨
˵ͷ˵
Ҿǹģ꽫Ҹϳ½ҵˣ϶Ѿ֪ϢҲµĲĻһεĴ½϶Ѳ˸ϵ
½΢һ˿˼Ĺâ
һεĴϣ
ʱüͷ΢΢һһУԶʵȨǸˣ½϶Ѿħ̣ô½Ҵ£ֵ©ɾҪľˡ
׼Ҹϳ˾½࣬ûٿеĻ飬һ粵ĻᶼûиңֱӾͽҸ˳ȥ֮½ࡣ
½һͷ½ҵĳϻƶȺ岻һҲֻ죬ֻǸͳ쳤ϻճˣеȨҪ΢һ㣬Ӧûûô⡣
ȻˣҲܵģȻѾǣһεĴ½࣬ôǾͱصĶԴˡ
üͷһ塣
İɣѾļƻھͿ½߻ʲô仯ˡ
½˵ͷҵĳѾźţǿ϶ѾǴݾˣǽжôš
ãҦңʲôҪĻʱ֪ͨҾС
һһǶ뿪ˣ½԰͵ſڣԶȥ֮һ˷ͥԺеͤ
ôλϣ
֮½ЦʵĿҪǶѫΪ֪л־ǲ׿˵ġ
ɲ⡣
ʱѫûп˵ЩʲôһֱһԵл־ͻȻ˵ĸ֣½ȵʱȴıͣҲûп˵
лͷ˵һȷɲ⣬Ϊ;ͽ׵쾳ԭǡԶˣǶԶԶϣһǲ֪鷢
ѫ۾΢΢ƺЩʲô
ôλϿϵܻ᲻ʲô⣿
½жʱ΢һ£뷨ҪĽӴĺģҲЩĸǣԺܸӷļ뵽ĸ߲ȥȵһؾҪЩǵˡ
ĺǳǿһЩͿ׾ٵķʱ䶼٣ƻǳľˣΪ˽Ҫ뱣ĺǷǳѵġ
½λϻĳԱǣǰע⵽Ǳܣ뱣ŵĸ߲̺·ֻû뵽ȻڱϾֱͻƵ쾳Ϊһ쾳֡
һ𵽵ЧЩ෴̫ʺʵֻñŵĺĸСģΪһˣһǿʵ֮󣬴ƻҲǼ侪˵ġ
᲻УʱǻûпʹĿǰСֻһܲˣԺˣ߲ĿӦûܴ󡣡
ѫһҡҡͷ
ǾͺãǾͺã⺢Ҵŵģʲô⣬ԸһееΡ
½˵ͷ˿
˵ЩΪʱ磬һ½ҵɣϾǵǵǰҪ⣬СֵԺдѵʱȥؼһʱ
ѫҡͷһЦֿʼ½ҵ⡣
뿪˻ͥԷ֮һξ룬м黹ûк½˵ǾǱڤؼ⣬ȥ½˵һ˵ģתһ룬ִ˻ȥĴ㡣
ϾȱŻ˱ڤؼʱһ֮Ȼˣȥ˵ʲôҪ۸֣ſǴȱⶥεս
ҡͷһЦ˻ȥ˻ûԶľ룬ͻȻһĴȻ˵ĿҲǻģ֮ĸоע⵽һĿһֱͣĶ
ȻĿתٶȺܿ죬ͬһĿһֱزϵ벻˵ĿŸԵĲͬ׵쾳֮ڸӦһѾһոµء
ǹһ˿΢ɲЦݣڴ΢΢ζ˼£ߵķѾƫԭĿӣǳһСֵ˹ȥϴ½صĵط½ľļڵֵ
˽ֵ֮ɲǰȥΪǴ죬ȻֵʮֵСϵĴоǵĿҲѾ˽
ţһ֮ͻȻʧӰˣҲκεټʱ򣬾ôʧˣȺеһ۵˶ʱɫһ䣬۾ĴɨҪ·Ӱ
𣿡
ʱһӰϢĵǸ˵ĺ棬ǴŰɫ˿֯۵ʱѾ֪ʲôʱ˵ıϹŵЦݣ˵Ķʵ
Ȼûʲô飬ֻЩȶѣȫļѾڰбĵĽģڵҲȫת
¿˰ɣֻ·ѡ
΢΢ҡҡͷ²һ׼ǰȥ
ϲʹ˵̫ۣĻش̫ʧˡ
΢΢һЦͬҡҡͷȻңôӦ֪˭ҵʵȻҲк쾳֣ɲһǵѡ񡣡
˵ʲôôֻǴ·ѣΪ˸ٸ¡
˽²һ٣ʱסˣѾоһǿ׵ֻҪκε춯ͻܵľһ
ҼȻѾҵ㣬ڼƱȥʲô𣿡
ΪһЦڸܵ˺½һϢѪӡ书ϢӦú½һӰħˣʱôãӦǿҺͱŵĽӴ˰ɣ
ֻǺͱŵ˼һѣǾѾ˿ʼңӦòǽңǽűĳˣҲµĲĻǸ˾½˰ɣ
ӣҲִֻ֪̫ѣҲֻһȵİˣʲôҲʲʲôҪϢ
˵󻺻˵


582 ֮
ڸѡܼ򵥣һһѡһ
Ļñƽգ˲ɽ¥ֲų˽ŵѹȸС
Ȼ¶Ѿ֪ˣҲûʲô˵ˡ
ܵϴɱ˼ѵ¿ˮ֪һʱʲô춯̾ͻֻɱΪӰħһԱ½ҰִĲӣϺʵˡ
˵ûʲôصֶΣ͵ڱչֳʵʾ;ԲĶ֣Ӧò˵֣˵ܵİգӳȥİնûС

ظһ䡣
ѡ
˼ѵ˵ϴǿƣѾѹȵ˵Ҫʹȫ·ߵ߹ȴûһĸоɼƵĿƾϸǵһַǳ̬ĵز
ǰߣֱߵţš
ֱ˵
Ļûκεԥ̧ǰ˹ȥֵű̧ͣϵͭŶʱһƵ
һ֮󣬴žʹһ˿϶¶½ľɻףһİ˳ǰ½ḻ̌þ
˭
Ϣת˳½ľ˫΢е
ģȥ˵
΢΢һֱӴ˿ŵ½ľ
½ľɫŷŵķ϶ĴһЩǸ˽ȥˣ˽ȥ֮һӰҲ˲ŵķ϶һԺ
ȥ֮󣬲Ǹ˶˵ʲôѾһָǸ˵Ѵɫһ͸ɴĵ˵ϣһô˹ȥ
С֣ô͹ˣ
½ľԺţתͷֵʵ۾һ۵ϻԲѵˡ
˸ղһֱڸңҲ˳⸽ҾʹƵ
ת΢΢һЦһͷģ½ľ˵ղҷ书½һģһѪӡ϶ҲӰħˡ
ӰħˣЩ˵עֻصϡ
½ľɫ΢΢һ䣬˵
صģ½ϸںܰȫ½ϸȥ½ҵأӦ֪˰ɣ
ҡͷһЦ
ţѾϢ˵ˣһߵĿеΣա
½ľ̾˿
½ϸҪݾߣЩ˾ôԸ
˵ͷҲõ½ϸİȫλ쾳ĸָţʲôġ
λ쾳֣
⻰½ľʱͷһЩŵʵѵǸߵλߣ
λߣȫ쾳ĸ֣ѾǼһ棬˵ʵ˲á
Ц˵
ǾͺãǾͺá
½ľ˴֣ͷһЦͻȻʲôæ̧ͷ˵ˣûףСҲɹ̤֮ղŶ¸ˣϾС̫ᣬ֮󣬺ѰЩϵһ𡣡
ҶѣҶѣԺ·ܳüŬа
ҡͷһЦ
н£ô꣬ûн쾳ɲǿҾͿԽȥġ
½ľҡҡͷϻԲѵǸʵô죿
ʱȺ½һ𣬸Ҳʮɢ˵ʱ½ϸǱжˣٽ½ҵȥɡ
һ˼˵
ҲãǾô죬ȻӰħжˣҲҪСģʱոͻ쾳Ǻܿܳûʲôٶ
½ľһ䡣
İɣһעġ
΢΢һЦӰʹԺʧӰ٣½ľȻûп뿪ģʱָпҡҡͷĽ̾һ
½ľô꣬ȫ񣬾ΪгһͻƵ쾳ûе;ѾͻƳɹˣϢʱΪǿЦģǲܵ顣
Ҫ˵ʵǿ½ľҲǳϵģϾۼ̼ͰƽӰħڶ֣Ҫ˵;ͽ쾳ȴǲԸŵġ
쾳ǰľɲͬҪʵУڸҪ۵һǳĽ׶Σпгһնʱһͻ쾳ƿ
ûʱ䣬֪쾳ˣΪ½ݶ׿ڳˣҲ˵Ѿ嶤ʵˣ֪½ľʮĽ֮⣬Ҳʵ˵ʲôˡ
ǶһߵˣҲ½ˣ½ľȥʲôֻԵΪ½еˣϾôһǿİ֣½Ӧûɲ١
һ˾һ֮½ľǰһ˵ϻԲѵˣ߽ķ䣬ͳһСƿӶ˵ıһΣ˺½˹صһ
ʮɢİ£ЩҪ½ľӳȥȫܵ飬иȣƾԼһϣûеġ
Ϣ뿪½ľļ֮󣬺ܿͻصʯϣʱĽֵϣﲻȺȫû˲ղŷʲô飬ʮֿĵĹ֣·̯߰Ÿֶļ۸
˳ʯһֱǰߣܿͻصҦҵסӣʱ򣬴ӵһ¥ȴ˺ܶףһǸɵˡ
ǵȺһ¥ҦҵӵĴ߶ЩĽ̸ţϾҦĴ˵еӵܲҪ书˼ʽһҲǷǳӵġ
һȺ˼ſ˽ʱλվЩǰݷõļ֮ˣһĿ
ǰ
ǰ
ЩںʶҲǺϤһЩнĴкĳƺҲǰʵΪϣȻѾ쾳Ȼǵʲõǰˡ
ֻҪ׽ϤˣƺŻһЩ˵ȻҪעƺϵ𣬷һΪС죬ǿɾСʧˡ
ûдֻ˵ͷһ˳¥¥ȥˡ
ûϵ¥¥ݣѾ¥ʱĿѾ˺ܶˣһЩϢϤֻ΢ֱһ£Ѿ֪ڵһˡ
Ȼ֮󣬿ڵѾΧһȦˣڵķӺ͵һˡ
С֣ˣ
Ҧںͷ˵ʲô۽ǵ󣬶ʱЦŴ˸к
˵ͷ΢΢һЦҦߣȻڵıݾУǴʱ˿̼ڵˣȴһ쳣ı鶼ûУǳȻһҦҦҲһ


583 书
Ϊһ֪µߣȻǲΪôС¾¶ʲôģҦҪҦҲˣôҲҦҵˣ˴ˣȻҲзִġ
ǷӼ֮󣬱ʱ÷ǳļһЦվ
СӢ۳꣬ΪδȵĻµһû뵽СѲ˵һȻڱʱͻƵֱ֮ǺŰ
˵
ңҶѣԺ󻹵øŬˮۣ˰
¶һ˿Ц⣬ҡҡͷ
ǶûУ
ӵ˵ͷһĵǣСѾ֮һԾΪ֮һȻû˿иҪѧѧȥҲҪڼȡΪոһ¥
ǣţ
ŷļλڵĸͽʱӦ
ӣֳϣͲҪѵͽˣƽʱѾˣ춼£̸̸ֻ
ҦһЦ˰ڵ˶
Ҧ֣ҦӺùһ˭۸Ҧңڣӿѹ
֮󣬷Ӷʱһ̾
Ŷγԣ
Ҧʱɻʵ
Ȼ½ѾˣҲͲҦˣܶ˻֪½ζʧĽУݡ
ε˵
ʲôݶˣ
ҦǡôıĵľȣһпôȻ·֪һȫǵһ˵ӡ
ѾʧˣһͬʧĻһȸʯ
ӵ˵ͷ˵ں½̸еҲʱ½˵ҪҵЩȡˣʱ̸飬˵½ⲻˣ𣿡
ȷ½ȷЩˡ
ҦҲ˵ͷһ䡣
ǰҪҲЩˣǲǵԶ̸ˣݿѾ½ңܾ˵ڰȥɣ
Щŭ˵
֪ں½̸飬Ƿ½ʲôʧ
ʱһԲһ仰
½˵ʲôʧҪذ뱾ؼѣȫһȱʧص䣬½˵ֻǾ֮ͣ˱ݣѾǷǳгˣڲΪʧˣͰһԲŲʰɣ
εҡҡͷ
ˡֱԣȡʲôؼ
˵ͷʵ
⵹Ҳǲʲôܵ飬֪ͬһĽΪŽǰʱʧ˰벿ǲ취½һȡ°벿ýȱʧص䲹롣
ӵûֱ˵˵˳ҲأҲûʲôġ
ҼŽ
üһ̧Ժ̸ֳŽݣؾ¥һѧؼʱʱҲޣֻܴ¥ĵһſʼÿؼ˹ȥþؼ
СѼ
һʼɻĿһۣͻȻĴȣ֪ˣСǻ˵һ֮󣬽뵽½ҵĲؾɣѹֻŵ
֪Ҳûи˵ȥΪؾղô书ؼҲרȥļģϾͬʱͨ˵书ҪŽ
ҵȷڲؾ¥֮ʮֵĲ
˵ͷŷһЦŽҵǻһʱĿһ飬ھͿԽдһֶ
ʲô
һ⻰ʱվһŹ⣬ֱĶһ֮󣬲ʶԼеʧ̬εһЦæСѣֻҪϽдڣʲôҪ󾡹ᣡ
̫ˣ֮ŻүǺѣôæһǰϵġ
ҡͷһЦ֮ѾˣǾǿڷӺҦʶķϣؼ׼޳͸ˣ˳㻹Ҧһʮֿɿѣνһٶá
ҦĻҦһЦж˼ǰ˴Ĵָ
⣬ô˼أ
ӵЩŤϾҲһʮ־޴ĽڵھѧôûҲЩȥ
ӣͲҪˣǶʶ˼ʮˣȻСڲؾɼڵҲļǾ˳㻹ڣС˵ҲǾ֮Ͱˡ
ҦʵĲһ仰ŷ΢΢һЦ
⣬ðɣСѺҦˣݶ飬ӼԶǣԺ󵫷ʲôҪܴϢң£ǣ
һҧ˵ͷӦȴٶվҦһ
ʹãӣɾˣ
Ҧæվ˷ӣֵ˵
Ӧġ
ҡҡͷһ˵תͷ˵֣֣СѺҦֵİһҪļмǲǣ
ǣʦ
վ˵ΪһεţȻνܷӵĽ̵ǷµĶ飬ԺҲҪġ
ϵʱһؼд˸͹ȥֻҪɡ
Ц˵
Ǿ鷳Сˣ
ӶŹ˹֣ǲɫ
һС°ˣҺһǵؼݣ򻹰ﲻæأ
˰֣΢΢һЦͻȻʲô飬ʱ˷ӣһһ⣬֪ŷ棿
ʲô⣬СѾ˵ǣ֪һ޲
ӴʱʮָмĶȻʲô˵ġ
׸½ҵǿűݣ֪εõģ
ȻѾô˵ˣҲͺ˳
ԭ⣬ʵܼ򵥣ҲǴӱõģݵֻһͨ˰ˣڳҲͽ˵ĶӾͰ֮ڣ˲˶
Զʱ΢΢һЦԼ֪ʲôֻΪ֮˶ϲӹ֮һ滨ݹҪֺһǣû뵽֮ǲŷ֣ǾȻһŵıݡ
ŵıݣ
Ҧ׶ʱȵĵɴ۾Ҫݼ˿ھ̵ͨҦ֮£һԼ档
һŵıݣ
ӿ϶ĵ˵ͷ


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ǺǣʱҼݵʱҲǺҦһľȣ֮⣬Ҳûʶˣõֶ೤˸ۣ˱ݵĲ֮󣬺ܿ͵ҵ
ӵͷһЦ˵֪Ǳ֮ҵǸˣϸѯһݵ飬ֻ֪Ǹڼ֮ؿɿʯģݾǿ﷢ֵģûʲôмֵϢˡ
ʯôڿ
Ҧɻüͷ
ҵĲˣղûҦ˵ףʱʱһ鵭ɫʯͷ֮ϣʯͷ溮ޱȣΪʯͷԭ򣬱뿪֮صʱѾήˣܻ͵ڵ
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ǰǿʯͷҾһȱݻҪϧıϧ֪Сѻн컯Ǿֱ͸СѣҲʡô鷳ҪһȦ͸½ҡ
Ҳϧ̾˿εҡҡͷ
ʧ֪ǸⲻȻʧ˱ݣСֽؾ󣬾Ȼ佫ؼⲻǸô
Ҧһ֣һЦ
Ҧ˵ĺ
ҲǸһЦ⸣У£һһжǻǲҪȥԴĦˡ
һһӴڵһ˸ˣߵʱ⣬һϲɫ
С֣ļ
ȵһ뿪˴ӣҦЦʵ
ȻѾûκε©
Ц˵豭ᴵ˴ˮϵĲҶ
̫ˣ֪ܲһҦңһĻҦҲǶһžѧüӵܶһѡˡ
Ҧ̽ʵ
ȻûˣڵҲʲôģڲؾ˺üŸ߼书ķһȫдҦʣĶߣֻҪһݸھˡ
˿裬Ц˵
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Ҧ׹һЦͬ⣬˵ҦܹŸ߼书ķҦֵָܹĸʾͻӣϾ˶ʺͬһ书ġ
һֻһŸ߼书ǽȴƫƫһȭӵܣϧûֳɵĸ߼ȭؼһܳΪһֵĵӣпܾôûȥ
ܹ׼ֵĸ߼书ķΪҪĵṩӦ书ؼôǵʵȻԽԽǿ󣬼ҲԽԽʢһԵѭ
ˣС֣˲ؾԼҪ书ķûмɲСʧ󣬼¼̫书ؼȴԼҪĶˡ
Ҧһ䡣
İɣүӣԼҪ书ķһͼġ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵
ǾͺãǾͺã
ҦҲĵĵ˵ͷǷǳĵģʲôͷֺֻ֪࣬еĴǡ
ˣλүӣҪ鷳һ顣
˲豭˵ղᵽǸˣϣҦܰҾ˭Ҫ֪Ƭصλã˵Ǳ߷Щʲô
û⣬ͽǰɣҹƼھϢˡ
Ҧ˵ͷֱӴӦϢҦ˵ʲô⣬ҦҾϢͨģﻹӪһʮӴϢ磬ԿٵĲѯصϢ
ãҾȻطˣкܶ书ؼҪĬдһϾ书ķҪдеһЩط»߻ħҵϸĻһ²С
ȹ˱е裬˵
ȥɣżʱǣдҲü
ҦͷһЦ
ʮ֣ǰҦ͵˻ҲߵĲˣҦҦŴӴ¥λƵ˶Цݣƺǳĵӡ
үүأղŲȥ𣿡
Ҧ˿ͷˣȴû˵Ӱʱֵʵ
СкҪ飬ڲؾ˺üŸ߼书ķĬдʱ͸ҦңǾи书ѡˣ
ҦһЦ
ģ
Ҧ̫˶ʱΧ˹ǿûҰĳΪľ֣ܹһЩ书ķѡҲԲ᲻˵ģϾһ书գҲĶ
ο۵ĸ߼书ķһ书ķ
ȻˣѵͷӻˣǿĲɣ
Ҧװ˵
̫ңүǧҪŭ
Ҧ̫æ˵
ϲģͲҪЩˡ
ҦЦҦĺ󱳣СְЩ书ķĬдҦҾͻ˺üŸ߼书ķʱҪʲôֻԼȥͿˣֻ֮¾ԼˣҲﲻʲôæ
һŬ
Ҧ̫µ˵ҦѾΪṩ̫ĶҲǶԲҦһѵⷬ˼ˡ
ˣǰһ³ɣС־ͲôˣЩ书ķĬдˣٺúõףһ
Ҧ˰֣ԣҦһ˵Ҳ׷˵϶ϲ·һˣЩ֮˵ûʲôһŸ߼书ķӵľջˡ
¥ķڣʱѾ˴ϿʼԲϰָ壬ͼ֣ÿһͼ쳣ı棬еľ
ֻһʱ䣬ѾĬдŸ߼书ķдݣһݸҦңһݸڵˣŸ߼书ķҦҵġ
һŸ߼书ķһŽһŵһȭһƷͲҪˣҦѾ˾˫貨΢ѾҦӵǲһӵˡ
ҹʱ֣л˹һѾӱߣдõ书ķ߳˷š
ʱҦҦ׻ûȥϢ¥ĴŲ죬һûһ˵Żķ죬ʱعͷ
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ŵָ壬Ҧ׶ʱһŹ⡣
Ѿдˣһ书ķķҦҵģһǸдʱ͸ڵķӾС
ͷһЦָȫݸѾȲҪ书ķҦס


585 
Ҧ׽ӹ书ķʱͷϸоҲΪֻ뿴ҦҵĶһЩʲô͵书ķҲиס
ڸҦ书ķ֮ǰѾ⿼ǹһˣҦҵĶʺϴ书ķЩƫľѧֻʺһСϾҦһ壬ӵڶ࣬ҲҪչ˵󲿷ֵˡ
ڲؾȻǲֹô书书ķûȫҦңҦû㹻ʵ֮ǰǿ书ķֻҦҴѣǼʢ
ͱڲؾڣһƫŵ书ķΪϻһΪʩչ书Ǿ޴ޱȣĴŷǳ޴ƣټרŵڹ߶绢
ʩչŶϻľ֣ΪָħΪаһںڰ֮ľ֣ʵǳ֮ǿѾվֵ۷ܹ֮һսҲָ
Ϊӱ֮´˶ϻ޴ޱȵ书ҪǴշҲǸ߳ףԴ书ȻҲʩչӦ֡
Ҫѧϰ书ľҪȻ⾳ҲҪﵽλֵľ磬ѧϰŶϻûκεջ񣬻Ϊ̫˵ľ书ˡ
Щ书Ȼͬڶľѧ̫࣬ʺϾûаЩ书͸ҦҵȥֻǼ¼һЩʺϴѧ
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Ҧһ߿еָ壬һ߲ϵкãֵ֮ݸһԵҦ壬˵˵С֣ҦҿǷһ飬ԺʲôҦܰæģ㾡˵һ߾ȫ㣡
ү˵⻰̫ˣֲˡ
ЦŰ˰֡
ǣСôأԺԼˣҲֱ˴ˡ
Ҧ忴һеָ壬һЦ
㿴˾˵ˣСֿɲҪ֣ҵе㼤ˡ
Ҧһ´ȣˬʵĹһЦ
ʱͻȻ΢΢һ̴վ۾͸Զ䲻ʱ΢¡
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ҦҲɻվͬһ򣬲Ӧһ֮󣬷ֲûʲôʱ֪ЩԶˣĹѾӦʲôֻ
Ǳߵɽ棬иڽ֣ЩԶҹȥһǾʹ½ҵĵӦûǱȽϰȫġ
ҡҡͷ˵
ҲãһСģ
ҦҲվһ䣬֪ʵǿֻǹȥĻӦòᷢʲô顣
һͷһʹӴ˳ȥٶȼ죬ûȫʩչҦҲֻǿһģİӰǰһʧˣҦ壬ʲôûعѾʧӰˡ
СԴӽ쾳֮书ԽԽ뻯ˡ
ҦΪп˵һ䡣
ǰ쾳֮ľ磬̫һӣ쾳żûţСȴڶʮͷ;Ѿ̤쾳֪ɷ˶˰
ҦҲһ˵һ˿Ľ
жܹС츳أ˲ţǧҲѳһģҦҲ˴ܹ˲ϹϵҪлǺˣ
ҦһЦҡҡͷ
Ǻӣ츳Ҳܲô书ҪȥС֣Ҳ֮ҿ˵ĸǳʵӦСְ˲æԵʡ
ᵽҦˣҦͬЦ
뿪˴֮һһ㣬ڵ·ԵķӰϢĿٴ󣬺ܿͱܿ˷Ŵſڵ½ܵããɽ֮С
žĽӽǹɽļҲʼԽԽˣȻҲǸӵȷˣڽ貨΢˴ɾص˵ɽ渴ӵĻ˿ͲƶٶȣɿĳĿĵؽӽ
ȵ˸֮һٶ̽ڶֵĲӦֻ֮ĸڽ֣û쾳˼룬ֻǴӦ
ͱԼҪαװһ֮ĸ֣׾ٵ飬ܹƵҲǷǳٵģپ͵쾳ĸ֣ܿ쾳ֵαװ
쾳֮֮˻Ϣ˵Ϊ̬۳Һ̬ϢøӵĻɬΣǸӦ֮ǳˣֵϢ
ڴ˿֮ĸ֣ͷ·ͨһ㣬ûκǿϢֻ֣еϢ֮󣬲ƾϢȥжЩ쾳ֵʵ
Ҳûа취ôԶľ룬ȥһ쾳ֵأĸ֪ǳ񣬵ҲҪһľС
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һǰһ˺ϱĴм䱻һĶϣһ󣬺Ȼһ˵ϣ˴Ƭĳ֦Ҷ
ǾʲôˣȻ½ңĪϴ͵Գɹһ֮󣬽ҵΪ½Ҳˣ
½ҵһλߣĿǰҹµ˵
ϴεĶǲûõ֣Ǳ½ҵûȥˣҲһˡ
һǰһͬ˵
˵˵ƾǣҲ½ڲĹϵ
½ɫһ䣬ϵٶȿȻͬǸٱĽʮƣƱǻĲһǰ㣬½ң˫ƷҲ
ǼȻٴιͲû¸ɣǵȷûõ֣һѾȷϹˣ½ҵһС׷ȥˣǹΪ
ƽ˵û˿˼·ûõ֣ҲӦõġ
ϴɹ˼ʮĸ֣Ȼ˵½ҵһСǼҪѣҲܵñһɰɣ޻̸֮Ϊһţ
߲мһֳӰһɫĶ½ҵˣȫϢƳ֮ˣһʵǺǿӡ
ǲмѣʵˣҲʶһ½ҵλſ½ҵһλ˳ɫӵܡ
ͫ΢΢һں½֮˵ɨһȦλ˺һóʹýʮƣƷٱҪԶԶĳһأʵһȣһ֮ϡ
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586 쾳
бҪƭ㣿
ĺҲֻƽ˵ϴ˽ˣȻвһ½ҵĶʮˣΪǺӣ
ߣ˵ʲô½ңͲˣϴεһúõһɣ
½ҵȴǲԷĻ΢һкϵ½ˣһʱ˰Χγľ档
ԭ½֮ˣҲֻΧİϷ
мǸ˲мһЦ
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½һĴΧϵֲµ©һԱ˵Դϴε֮½ѾΧ޵ȴû뵽ûҵǵټȴˣ
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˵Χ֮£½ߵȫʱҲֳԲĸоֻӲ½߼֮ϵĺɫɴѾʪ͸ˣȻǿѾ³Ѫ
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½ҵ⣬˺غӰһ֮һѪȻ˵ĹʮֵĸҲ޷½ҵһ֮ȫѪߣҲһķ˺üڵӡ
ǺˣҲ½ҵ£
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˭ҲеĲͷ¶β𣿡
˵ҲԲСˣͷϵͷѾ߲ϵûһźɴȴһɫİߣס˰ߵӡ
һģ
ͻȻֵĻɫߣ½һ˶ʱɫȻɫϵƲǿ󣬵½ңȴζʲôΪ½Ҳ쾳ǿߡ
ɫܹ֮䣬ͬʱɣȻʲôߣټϻƲ¶пܾһ쾳ǿߡ
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ܣ㲻ᱻڵΧѾ𣿣
½һ˿΢ɲľţ΢һȻڴ½֮ˡ
ڵЩԴӻҫ֮ûһܹõóֵĸ֣һվȻұ˴ǻҫҲһشȬ֮󣬴һ֪ҫѾʮˡ
ͻȻЦϵȻ䱩ǣֱ˶½ҵˣ˱ǿ֮͵סһϣ²ĺ˼
һµƱѾչֳʵ쾳ĸ֣ڵΧ֮󣬱費ûʵ˷ǳ࣬¶֮󣬾ȻѾ֮
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½߶ԵһսȻ˽ģʹȥô꣬Ǽµӡ
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ڵǰȪڵôΧǣ˵Ȼа֮˾а֮ˣûκεĵɽ
½εҡҡͷȻʵȷҪڵıҪΣҲ½ҵˣǿ֮Ҳ·硣
ʱ˵ʵֵиˣƥڵʵѾԶԶûеôǿȴȪı鷳
ȴǲΪҡҡͷ
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ҵǰˣЩС½ҵĸڶ࣬쾳ĸҲв٣ȻҲЩ쾳֣ǸĻȴЩ鷳ǾͲܹϢȥˡ
ֽöʧȥõźŵӵһԣǹһ˿ЦݣģҲɱǵģǵ½ҽ͹ݰɣ
ղҾѾ˵ˣѾˣ½ڸûбݡ
ƻƻ½̾ϢһǱһ䡣
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ʱ΢΢Ʋͷĺˡ


587 
ģʹΰ˻ȥʱ򣬸Ѿˣ˵Ǳ½ҵһ˴˵ģ书ߣ֮¶Ƕ֡
ʻһ̹Ļشи˵ǿ£Ϣʱ䶼ûгŵһԵĺΰԮǾѾ˴ˡ
ʲô½ҾȻôˣĪǸ쾳ֲɣ
Զʱüͷһ壬ûлɺΰ˵ѣϾҪ˵ҲҸ񻰵Ļԣֻ򲻹һ½ҵˣ˵ȥǵҲûطˡ
ǾͲ֪ˣ˵˲ûе쾳ӣֻʵҪԶԶĳǣǳ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
Ǹʹõʲô书
˵ͷּʵ
˸ǵʱʹõǽʮƣޱȣȸղʹõĻҪĶࡣ
˵˶½һۡ
ʮƣѹ֣Ϣ֮ھͽǴˣҲֻô͵书ʺͻȻϮˡ
˼˵תͷŶ½Ц벻½ҾȻôˣҪûлᣬ컹ʶһ֪½Ǹͷӽ̳ģӦǹඥ˰ɣ
һɺԣ½Ҹûˣ½ҵĶȻҧһڣ˵½֮Ѿ˻ֱſڴƻƣֺڰף
½ɫȻǺһ£űŭ
ߣǸҪ
ɫһܶǲ½ûȥˣҾץǣʱֱ½öҵҪ½ǲǻЩ֮ˣ
䣬ֱӾͶˣһ¶Ѿƴٶ죬ҲǸ;ףһƣǰʱһӿ𣬴ƾճ֣ƾȻ˲½ҵˡ
ãƣ򲻿Ӳӣ
½һ۾ϳ˱ʹõ书ɫʱһ䣬˵ͬʱʾˡ
ԶһҲһ棬ѾڶμʶƵƷˣһμʱڹ㶫ʹãʵǲ˺ܶ࣬ȻƷҲǲñȵġ
ʹƵʱһͬʱӿϣͷ任˼ƣеİɫ̳Ƹ
˳һ·£ֶֻ̣֮໥һĦһ˶Ũ̳֮䡣
ڱʹƣ˿ƣֻһƣǰ̾ǴƬӿ˳һʱּɳʯΧľȫҵĻζ
ûлʲôѾ˿񱩵ƣȻǲƵƵ
ƣƼξӿأǵеƵĿЧ
ݴ괴ƷĸˣΪ˼Ĵ꣬Ϊ˻˺ֺǣɽƽգһʱʧͥ飬λһŭ֮µɽһʮơ
ӿĿÿһƶջһӲĻɢ϶ѻƲ㣬þΥ±أսƺֹ౩ꡣ
ּѾǿǿиıĿѧ֮̾룬ʿ֪ҲΪʣƷӴ˱˳Ϊơ
ƷڱʹóȻûеﵥƵĿЧǶԸ½ѾǴ´ˣӿֳ½֮˾ѾȵǱ
û뵽Ȼʶƣô½ûưɣǺųǧôûаôϲ书¼ȥ˵½ҵƶϣ
һЦĻƣһʱּ˵İɫǱǿ𶯳ģ½ҵһУѪˣǰλ½߸˼Ѫ
Ȼ½ߵʵ֮ѾǿˣǶ˱ʵʵڵ쾳֣Щ쾳ǿѾ΢˵ıԵǼˡ
쾳֮书ʹԶǰľ磬Ϊ书ʽ˫Ѿǲһˣ֮¾ˣֻǵƾʽѡ
쾳ĸ־Ͳͬˣǵ书֮УѾһ˿⣬Ȼܶ쾳ֱûʶ⣬ĹУȷڲϵµĶʵһֱڲϵıǿ
ϻûгֹЩ֮˻Ϊʲôʵ᲻ϵǿʵǾΪ˵ԭ򣬵ȵܵһ̶֮ʵͻһ¥һµͻơ
ͻ磬ôʵԶи߲εĽֻǲϵۼѣʹĴĸӳ֣ȴЧʵ
һܷӳ˲ܵйأʵûиԵͻƣо޴Ҳû취ǿĹˣĶֻǿһܹսʱ䳤̶ѡ
Ѿͻ쾳ĸ֣һ˲ܵҪԶԶĳ½֮˵ģο쾳֮󣬱Ѿȫ̬תΪҺ̬ҲҪ½ҵҪߵĶࡣ
ۺ֮£½ҵȻǱĶ֣˵ˣܹ֮ͻ쾳ˣݹǧʱ䣬Ҳһû˼ˣһֶֻĹ
⼸˾ܹ֮쾳ĸ֣ҲûܹնɱЩ쾳ĸֻ֣ӶݶѣһҲ˳ĲȷЩԶ
ڱһ˹ȥ׼ٲƣ½ҵ˶ȴʧȥ֮ʱһӰԤ׵ĳǰǰǷӿƾ޴ǵӰһ㼷˽
ʲôˣ
ǰһĻҲһжʱһȣһһô컹Ҫô죬ô꣬ôǺ׵ġ
ȫȻ˼㣬ԭѾǿƣʱٶȱ˫һǰĳ֮ǰҪ񱩵Ķʱ糤һӿеﶼ׵Ĵ
ƣȷʵ
ʱһЦȴӿ񱩵д˳ӿΧľײܴ󣬵ȴ쳣Ĵ˵Ķ档
Цû£һ˿ڱ֮µӴƶʱƵӿ˳ͼʮ֮б˳ķȥ


588 
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жʱ󾪣û뵽ʱȻһµĸ֣һԹƵĽ֣˿Ĵ⣬׷ζʱͣһ󳷲ͻص˵ߡ
ԭбЩ֮Ƕűȥʣµǳűĺ˶ȥԱûа취ֻ˻ص˵ԡ
ЩղŽ֮󶼾ûϢһ٣ڵҪֹͣתĸо˵ˣܲܵǸ⡣
ƽĳ£ǽʣĽһһĻɾûЩ˺ˡ
ڱ軯˽֮ǰӿҲ𽥵ɢ˿ٴλָҹ״̬һɫ۵Ӱʱ˵ǰ
˭
ȻǰһʮˣǱ費˿СղŵЩ֮һѪӿ֪֮ǿ
ǰ
½ҵ˱ѾЩˣֻĿűǿѹ˹һ̾ͻὫȫˣ׼ĿʱȴתԵı仯
Ӱ½ҵȻʮֵϤģϾڱչֳ˾˵һУͻľӴսһһͻľ磬ﵽ֮
ǰʲô֣
һУһԵıɻϿԾǵ䣬ʲôõǰʲô˷ϻͯʵʵڵĶʮͷ͡
ǰȻˣڳ쾳֣ʵ֮µˣ䶼ǳƺһǰȻЩǲôϤˣϤ֮Ȼǲôġ
ǰ⼸½֮ˣȻ̸ϺʲôϤˣϳıӰ֮󣬶ʱһһ
ض񣬸ղڱչأǿ˳Źһû뵽ȻһĻ
ͷҲصİ˰֣΢΢һЦ
ǰ⼸˺ϴ½͵ȡ˶һˣǰǣº½ұл
½ǰһ˲Ѫ˵ȻҲ֪ʵ˭ǿ˭Ͼ׵ʱ仹̣ܶţʵǿóġ
½ﻹһϸڣղǲﲻͬѰŹһ˵ղѾڱϿһʱ䣬ûаնԸĻӦǲġ
ǰǰԭ
һֱı裬ͻȻһ䣬̧ͷȵĿʵ
벻ҵ־ȻѾ˳ȥԺҲҪһˣȻʱᱻϳ
ԴһЦ
Ȼ㣬ʮͳɹ쾳ĸ֣ɷˣҲ֮Ļ䣬ʵǵʵֱǲֵһᡣ
ɫصĵ˵ͷִӶ½ұĵһʼѾ֮˴˳ȥںܶ˶ֻ֪֣Ǵû˶ѡ
ôҪ鱨ȻҲ֪ģֻǸղһʱҲȷǰֱʱȷ
ԱļʶȻֵ֪Ŀ֮ƣӵԶεĿʵѾк֤ܶʵһ㡣
ЩֻͨŶѣοڶʮѾ쾳ĸ֣ʵ֮ǿѾЩˣʹǱ裬Ҳ׺֡
ˣ֪¼λҹܵΪ£½ҵ˴֣½ҵĵͷôƺЩ̫ðɣ
ϳһ˿Цݣ̲˵
ǹȻҪ£ֻҪ½ҿϽݣǾʲô¶ûˣҲ˳ɧ½ҡ
˵˱ݵ飬еһЦݵͷ½֮ǰҲңʱΪ£˭ЦڻĲ˵
ǰ˵
½߶ʱ˵ͱһˣǾȻǣ˵½ݣ½ҵ鷳ǰ
ݣ½֮ǰȷʵбݣ
üͷһϷݵ޷죬Ȼ֪ݵģھͺͿȸʯһĽָ־꣬ΪڵҪװһ
ϾݿǴʥҩƵҩҩЧĹԪˣһУһȷѪᣬõʱЩһͨ
ֻƹԪԱݵҪܸߣҪıݣֻڿຮ֮أһ뿪һĹͻήѴŵıݡ
ǰ½֮ǰȷһݣڵ˽ģ׼½һȡڵھѧݴ½ҲֿʱѾЩ˵ͬ͵ˡ
½̽͵ʱ˿̣ȻվһߵģҲҹŵϾ½ҵˣʱһ⣬Աʲô뷨ͷԸ½ǿɾʹ²ˡ
ٺ٣»֪ɣıݣһŵıݣɥʧıݣֻҪõݣпʧõĹԪǿʥҩ
ƺΨ²ң½˵ּ֮һ䣬ֳնʱüΪ΢
ŵıݣ
ð֮ʵ½ߡ
ǰŵıȻҲ֪ôģ͵½ҵʱ򣬱ݵȷǻţֻĲ½ңҿģаԣ书޴
½һƺЩæ˵һж˳
֮˵ԻǷǳģһԣԺأΥ˵ԣָܵĳͷľ߻ħˡ
һԶ޷صˣӦħʱѶҲǼģʱͻܵħջ󣬴Ӷȫңɢ
ԭ
ĵ˵ͷȻЦ˳ϵıȴ˿Ȼ֪еϸԵɣǰ½˺ͱһȴһ֪ô£ָֻܻԷ
ߣһԣ±䱦ǲ̫ˣ
ĿŶǸ½ߣһ˿ĺ⡣
ղѾоˣֻ½֮ϵϢ˱仯Ȼûг׵ıУȴѾоһεѾ
Ҹԣ𣿱ħ
½ߺĻһ䣬һʱ侹ñЩ˵ɫǵЩͨ졣


589 쾳ʵ
½߶ס죬һʱҲ֪λشΪĲ֪ʵҲֻ˻㱨ϢϢڷĵĻɾ͵Լڸˡ
쾳ĸ֣ĵЧǰ澳֮ҪصĶ࣬ΪǵΪߣҲʼ˶ĸ򣬱Ѿ𽥵̺־ʱһӦ飬³ǰ澳ĸҵĶࡣ
һسŵ쾳֣֮ȴûȥɣµӦˣһҹ֮Ϊ͵䵽֮£ôٰѶʧΪֲ˳ҵ
ĳͷκϽΧڵ飬һԣͱҪԵȥִУͻܵĳͷʲôΪֻҪĿ£ûκηĿܡ
ʿǣһ黹ǷǳصģΪһԣζ۸ʲôĴۣȥɣ³ͻޱȡ
½Ϊ֪ݲ½ңԲŻ˸ɴԣǱͲˣ¸ûκεĵȻǲܺ½߶Զĵġ
ӣĲ½ˣǾʹȥΣҸһ
һЦ˹˵
̬ʮɵЩԥҲʵǿ󣬸ͲǴʱֻǿţ¶˿
ʹһҪõģⳤǱһֱڴŸϽûرݣмá
ϳһ˿ԥɫһ̹С˵
ⳤϣħһ㣬ϵ̾ͱ仯ˣԥɫȥеĹâüᶨҲòһˡ
һⲻܣ
նĻӱĿ˵˳ûκأһҪõڽһѾ˵ȥˣҲҪ½ٵõһꡣ
ô˵Ļǲ˿òˣ
ҲޱĿű˵
ûʲô˵ˣţ쾳ҲͲżѣϷͲʵܱȵ쾳ĥ˼ʮ֮õľ飬Щ½ҵˣһҪ£ߵĻǿԵʲôûп
ҡҡͷᶨƵ˵
ǰ
һ⻰½λ߶ʱЩļˣæһ
ҵ뿴쾳ʵǿ˺ֵز
΢΢һڣֹס½ߵĻ۾Ķű˵쾳Ѿ˼ʮ꣬ҲʮֵķḻֽһʵĲ࣬ж󣡡
Ȼǳţ»
趸ȻһЦȫ·˲ǿޱȵһ˲ϯڵ֣ܵľ׷׻ζѣҶƾʮ׿⡣
⣬ڳ˷׷ױɿ񱩵ƵˣҲ⣬Ȼ쾳ĸֺ֮ĸʵżĲࡣ
ûжֻ֣ǰڵѾ˴֪һĿʼǺεȵľˣλ½ҵ߿һжӲͻֱӱˡ
ƵǲƵˣ뿴ƵλǰǺεȵľˣ
ҲһЦϵ֥鿪ڽڸߣһһĴȥֻǶ̶̵һϢƾѾڱ֮ˣƵѹѾñ۽΢΢鴤
СӣϷƣ
ǿ񣬱һȣҽȻһǰᲽһѭٵܻһԲȦջصٶƽƶ
һɿ̼䵮ӿڿжֱӺΪʪϢȻˮѾൽһ˾ȵĳ̶ȣһƣѾʵ
һ˶ڱǰγɣֻǷ˲׵ľ룬Ѿһ޴ţֱ֮ԶȥǷֵĺˡ
һ·ĵطϱһ޴Ĺ֣;еﶼŵ֮ǰѾ·ɢ˿޴ֱ˿Ҳᱻһֱ׷١
쾳ֵһڣʶֵķλֻҪʶܸӦֵλãĹ;ԲգǻһֱŶֱ֣Ϊֹ
ȻҲ̺ܵǿ쾳ֶеʶȻѾΣҲȥʲôܣȻƾ貨΢һԶ㿪ģڲûбҪ
ΪĿľΪ˼һ½쾳֮ʵķȣһ׼ͱӲƴһ֣˭Ĺӵǿᡣ
д⣬վԭزܣһ֮ϴ˳κεĶһ޴ͷֱ̽˳ǰžͳ˹ȥ
޴ϴӿֳͷ·̲һһ㣬˿ͻļҪȥİ衣
ֻһͷ׸ߣ೤ƬƬƬͬһľһ㣬ﵽ쾳֮ģǰҲֻܻһȽģ֮
׵쾳֮ƾĸϸµĸټ϶ԽʮƵļ̌ͷʹҲʵķԾ͵ʩչʱѾͬնˡ
̽ʱȻϵͬǿޱȣܱߵĻȴûܵ˿Ӱ죬ǰϵ֦ûжһ¡
΢Сϸֻҵ£ֻбһע⵽ˣս֮ͱ˺˵Ĺ𾪵ԸӣﻹпչעЩϸڡ
Ǳȴע⵽ˣл͵һЩս˲֪һζʲôȴмΪģ˵ĲٿػҪ֮ϣѾԽĹܳ׵
Ȼһ㣬ڹҲûеĳ̶ȣһ־ϵƣǹغԺܲߵĸԶõ֤ڵһѾԽ˱衣
֪һ󣬱еľʱᵽߵ㣬ҲҶκεСˣֻոս쾳ѣѾ԰ĿƵزǶ֮ľ硣
ܶʺԣôزԵĳһ֮Ϊͻ᳹׵ͣͲǰ֪յΪֹ
Ժת˼ͷ˷ĹѾȻײһ𣬾޴ͷֱſľ죬һͷ֮У漴һ߿֮б˳
쳹֮ʱҲȻһը˿


590 Ԯ
ķ֮ںŽӴ˲ͽŴݻ˿صİɫʱܹȥ;ľһɫݻٵһɶһ˺ϱĴǸɴı𣬷֨֨
ֻǹɢನѣѾ½ߵֱӳ֣쾳ֵʵѾɼһߡ
һʮƣ
ֱӳһȣ벽֮䣬˫ѾһһʱΧܣӿľܵĿģ
ȫʹƵı裬չֳƵΰǿϵƲ㶼ܹ֪жôʵ
Ȼ軹ԶԶϲϵƵĸ֣Ҳǽ쾳ĸ֣Ƶܹӳĳ֮ġ
Ȼ˼£ǿڱӿһһѾɾ޴ƻ֮ܵѾһʮֿµĵزһнֻһϢ֮ھˡ
ƺӿ
һͺȣ˲ͣס˺˵ĽŲ˫չ£ȻǰƳһΰӿֱӽ֮û˽ȥ
һʱ䣬ƬСﵽŨлһŤĳڲϵĴعʱһ֮Ӱɫд˳ƺһƺ﷭һ
սļҳ̶Ѿ½ߵǹսľһˣ뿪˵λѾһܸ֮࣬ܵĿ񱩾֪սжôĿ¡
ÿµʵ
һ½ҵĸµĿƬͣƺ˵
ɲǸ򵥵ĸֻ֣һ˾͸ǱȥȡȪھȫ֮׷ɱչز񽣻ҫԳ׷ɱûɱ
½ɫص˵ʵѾǳǿ󣬾ôȥˣҫѾˣȴͻƵ쾳ʱȥڱĻҪŸϾɱˣ
Ȼ˵Ŀ£
½ҵ˸ɫ䣬û뵽ǸղžȻԵһ˿µĸ֣뵽ղ½ߵĻһʱ˵ĺ󱳶ʪ͸ˣǿǰ⸲˴ƬƺǾ͸еһͷĿѣ
⻹µģͱȣǸĿ£
½΢΢ҡҡͷ˵нʵ˰ʱ䣬Ļʵ˶ʮͷʱֻб֮һ֮һȴѾӵԺ࿹ǿʵ
ǸȷǷǳĿ£;Ȼӵʵδǰ;ֱǲ
½֮˶ʱ׷׵ͷһ˿֮⣬Ͼ֮ˣ˭ʵҲǿ󣬵ſǧ궼ѳһģĽҲĽ顣
˵ŻʱǿޱȵϢԶɿӽϢû˿ʵ˼ôȫſϢٵĳ߸˹
Ǵϣ
½͵ػعͷȥһӦ֮󣬶ʱϲɫ˵
ˣ
Ǹ˿϶Ӳˣ
һ쾳Ϣ½ҵ쾳֣
һʱ½ҵƴλ쾳ֵĳ֣ǵĹ൱ģЩƽʱڱչأÿһǼĶ룬ֻҪ֣ʿȻǡ
⣡
½ҵ˶ܵǿ֮Ϣôоһת֪̾½ҵĸ֧Ԯˡ
ǿ쳷
ͷҲصĴԶĺˣȫȻ˼ޣָؿڳ˲ߴѨѾ˼˲ٶȱǣﵽԭȵ֮ࡣ
Ƶѹ֮£Ҳе˺һϣֵʵѾԵ棬Ȼ۾ŨĶǿʶȴԱһһָơ
ʹĳطʵô
üͷһ壬˱˼½ҵλ쾳ѾͿ쵽ˣ۱ʵжôǿ󣬶λ쾳ĸΧ֧̫ʱ䣬ھѾϣ׼ͻľʮҪΪϲˡ
ڱԾʱȴڵȻһգ˲Ϣ֮ͳ׵Ϣʶ׽ķλԭ׼õľһҲʧȥĿꡣ
ǰ󼫴ķñһʱûܵĹֱһѪ˳ڵʹ˿ϾͨطΪԱǵʵĿơ
ֶΣĳлд裡
³һѪ˵һʹŨＤ˲ʧһϢ֮޶
ֹȥ˼Ϣʱ䣬һ񱩵ľŨȻը˿е˲仯Ϊ˷кȥһĹͻָԭߡ
ֻʱ֣Ѿ֮ǰģˣϵĹĴݺᣬľȫĲ֦Ҷ鲼ܵɽͷڵǸСɽͷѾܱߵɽͷ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ͱĽ֣ڲʱڣȻµɽͷӲȥ׵ĸ߶ȣֱֵǺţһĻԶ½ҵ˿Ķۿֱ
ϣ
ʱ½ͻȻ˵һ䣬ߵ½֮Ҳ׷ԭǸ½ڵ˸һӰһӰҲ˳½ݵĴ½ɡ
һǰһĸ˹½Ҵϵ½һֱ½ؽûнɽܶڣͱȫ֮̾͸ӦǹӴơ
ؼĻʩչĽʮƣǸ߿֮ʹڵθӵɽҲԴԶľ룬½֪̾ͨڱչ½ɣͳ˹
ڻֵλ쾳ֶǺηʥ½Ҳûһ˸ϹǴŴ½һֹʲô仯ʱ쾳ӦҲһЩ
ֻ½ݵԤ֮⣬û뵽ϵ֮󣬾Ȼһֵ쾳֣ȻαõһŽ֮ûõ
վıӰ½ݵһ˿ɫΪʵΪٶȣȻҲ֪쾳֮ʵһʱڣѸٵֵ֮Ĳࡣ
ٶʵ̫ˣղŶֵǹƣΪǸƵ쾳֣û뵽˶֡


591 ½˫
ôһ£ᣬôͱ˶֣
½Եλ½ߣɻɫ˵ڸս֮ӦŬȡڵľ磬ԼõĲ쾳İأӦûܳ˽֣һǺһ쾳ĸֶ֡
شϣģ֮ǰ˺ϴһ͵ͬһˣҽ֪֮ͨ˸˹׼ǻȥʵʱ򣬶ԷͻȻһ쾳֣Ѿʧʮı衣
½̰Ҫ˵һ飬ʱѾǳˣҪٳǿ½ҽݣû뵽ǰڸоߵ̸֮˹ŴӱнǾ
ʲô裿ⲻܣѾ𣿵ڵ񽣻ҫɱ½֪飬ô
½ɶʱüͷҡҡͷ˵
һʼҲȷǾǱ裬ϾпֻǳѣǺʹƣҾ̿϶ǸһǱ裬⣬ٻͬ͵ô衣
½˵ͷ
ȻƣǾͶǲˣǸӦþǱ裬û뵽Ȼû׵֮Ϊһ쾳֣ô˵ĻĻҫǰˡ
½̾˿
ǰΪҫΪֳһ󺦣ȻҲˣڵȥ˰벿ʱΪһжֵõģû뵽Ȼû̫ˡ
½ɵ˵ͷ̾˿
øʵͻͽղŶֵǹƣʵѾһǳµĵز
½ɫصĴŸղ˽ֵƬսűȥ׵ɽͷһ˿ײľ⣬ĳиĻǸվİɫӰˡ
ȱԣĽٶȲ½ݸеҪأһʵͻͽˣڲֻжʮ꣬ʮ꣬˭Ҳ˵׼ʵܵһز˵ͻﵽЩֵĳ̶ȡ
ԭǴˣ˵ǸôӣƬ̶ҡ
½˼ʱԶһѾ½һ˵ǰ΢΢һЦ˵
СѹˣҪлСѵľ֮ˣֵĻǿѾǸĶ֡
½΢΢˱ȭл
ϲô½ҽؾĦѧϰЩϧѧ䣬ҸмܼС²÷ϡ
˰֣ϳЦ⣬΢΢һվ½½ɡ
λҵĴ½ɣһҪȽ֮ѾӲһЩش֮⣬ƽʱڱչؿޡ
½ע⵽Ŀ⣬ʱ΢΢һ
һᣡ
˵ͷִ˸к
һᣡСѵĽѣ;ӵǿʵһһԱ費·磬ٶȼֱҵȺգҵС͵ʱҲֻǳ֮ѡ
½΢΢ų˾⣬ϸĴһЦ˵֮ǰҲֻ½˵һЩ鱨ѣڼˣ⻹ǵһΣЩ档
ֻǻԵɺ϶ѣҪЩǶ֣̽һľźá
ҡͷһЦ
ˣСѣղǸ趯֣ǸʵӦһ˽⣬㿴ʵѾʲôز
½ͻȻһתľʵ
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ղЩ˳ƺΪʹ֮ôżұݣΪһзⳤϵѾرݣǲŻ᲻ϧһд۵뾡취Ѱұݡ
˼ĵ˵ͷ
ǾͲˣħ̵ʹ߿Ѿˣħ̵ʹֻǲ֪ʹ˭ǸⳤϣȻ֪䣬Ȼħ̵һϣʵС趼ҪΪΪѰұݣʵ֮ǿѾ֪ˡ
½ݵһ˿ǵɫ
Ҳ̫ˣˮڣħľҲ½һ飬ֵ飬ŻķҲ²ʵģǵʱֻҪŽһģһ𿹻ħ̾Ϳˡ
½ɰοһ䡣
Ҳ֪ˣֻǺƽһ֣½ҵ˾Ͳ֪Ҫȥ٣뵽ҾЩʹ
½ݵ˵ͷһ˿ʹࡣ
Ҳû취飬Ѿˣûгֹ֣ε˵һҲ½ҵҲٵһλ֡
½ݵĵǣ½ɵԵúֹۡ
ϣ˰ɣ
½һͷ۾źۼɨһ̾˿
εĺƽ֣ܵǰӦǻһ˰ɣ߳ԺʣҪѳɣѾһλ쾳ĸˣҪһλ쾳Ĩɱɲһ׵顣
һ֮ĸ֣ôע⵽ǱкܴĿܽΧɱģֻѾõĻᣬԺҪֿɾͲô򵥵ˡ
һ㣬ղͱ轻ֵĵط֪ˣҪɱһλʵǿ쾳֣صĴǲܵģʹ½ҶҲһ


592 Ϣ
ͱ輤ҵһս˲ˣ֮ʵȽǿ֮ˣԸܵԶɽﴫľ
ħˣ֪˭Ȼǿʵ쾳ֶˡ
ͥԷУѫͥԺϸĸӦԶüͷһ˵
̫Զˣ޷Ӧ
½ҲûϢл־һ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ôԶľȷЩ̫ԶˣڹŸոսָĽ׶ΣȫʢʱڻԶûа취ȥӦ
ţ֪½ҵҲȥˣһϢ½ݵģһϢͲ֪½ҵ˭ˣϢҲǿһ쾳ĸˡ
ѫƽ˵һ˼顣
ȻҸӦǸϢû´ĻǸӦ½ɣ½ݵĸ磬óϣʮ־޴󣬼Ȼ쾳ڽսô½ȥҲϾˡ
½΢΢һЦȻƾ²ͽ˸˾Ųʮ
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ѫҡҡͷһЦĺ˿ڲ衣
˵ǣôǾﾲĵȺ½ҵϢɡ
½ҲһЦѫл־˵Ĳ豭裬һȣû½ҵ˸Ȱˡ
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Ժ½ȥԺӵĴţվŵ˾Ȼ΢΢һ֮ʱЦϵҲǷǱԶɽｻսɣ
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½һʱ仹û˾˭Ͼʱ˵Ǽ飬Ҳδһֶѫл־˵Ǿ൱Ϥˡ
˵㽻ֵǸǱ裿
ѫеĲ豭üͷ
ȷʵѫ˾˵ʮǰʱΪڵȪ񽣻ҫԳ׷ɱǱҫɱڵûʹõҲǵպơ
˵ͷѴ½õϢ˵һ顣
ǾǱûˣĳ书ȷƣû뵽ʮȥˣȻҲ׵쾳ʵΣ
ѫɫصĵ˵ͷȻѾȷЩϢôϾͿԿ϶ǸһǱˣʲôȻѾͱ轻֣ȻҪһʵġ
ʵҵĹƣӦҪ½Ҫ΢һЩ緽û½ݸƵȷǲСҲʹȫĻҪҲ̫ܡ
һ˼ҡҡͷ˵
ܱ裿
ѫʱ΢΢һ㶣һʼΪԼˣϾŽ׵쾳ûм죬˵¶ûȹתһ룬жʱȻˡ
ϾǼΪڶʮͷѾ׵쾳ţ쾳֮书ͻͽҲǺпܵģϾղźͱҲһβ̵ʱ䣬Ҳûκε
ϢʧˣҲΪ½ҵ½ݺ½쾳ָ˹ȥ赣ı쾳Χǰˡ
ϵܣ쾳֮ʵֱడ
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ţȷˣս쾳֮󣬺ܶǰ벻ͨĵ㣬ͻȻһ¾ȫˣȻΪû̫ĽʵȷʵѾ˲١
ûзϣϾҲǱŵһԱʵԽǿԽᱻӣҲܸõñŵΪ
쾳֮󣬵ȷһĽ׶Σ׶ιȥ֮ٶȾͻ𽥵ĽͣԺҪˮĥĹͳ֮ԺŬˡ
ѫ˵ͷ˵ȻѾ˳ƺΪʹôҲͿԿ϶ħ̵ĸ߲ܹѾ׳ˣħ̵ʽڽϵҲԶˡ
ǵĺϼƻҪҪ֪ͨȥԿʼ׼ʩУ
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ʱҪħ̱ϾڻûдĵðͷҲҪݾߣǿʼͷʱִмƻһҪһ򾡡
ѫҡҡͷһ˿ᶨ
˾ħ̵һǻصҦҾסĴӣʱҦҵ綼ѾϢˣϢĽ˷䣬ϥ˴ϿʼϢ
ղźͱ趯֣Ҳʮ־޴ģϾ費һĸ֣쾳˼ʮƸ֣ټ˵ƣԸʮֵĲס
аܹɱ˱裬ʹܹƺΪһصط㹻İտԵɱ裬ֻҪĴ۶˵Ҳеѡ
Ϊ½ҵˣȻǲĺͱģһв϶Ǹˣ½ѧ˱ڤ񹦣ҲԼ
쾳֮Ҳû뵽Ȼôܺһͬĸֽ棬һһĸ֣һս˵ջķᣬһ֮̾Ϳʼչսá
оɵϰߣȡÿһսľ飬ͬʱЧǿʵЧȻǷǳԵģҲܹվ۷֮ˡ
ڶ죬ʱʯϾѾ˿ʼ½½ĳ̯λǰһûɵȴǺЩͬˣϵԵЩѹ֣ƺͷһ
˵û쾳ĸ֣ԶĴɽｻ֣˵ĺǼңǱСɽͷӲȥ׵ĸ߶ȡ
̫ˣ쾳ĸʵȻ˿ֲ֪콻ֵλˣ
أһħ̵ˣȻ֪˭ħ̵ĸּȻǲ˵Ҫ½ˣǺΣգ
˵˵½ȫĻôûмطǰȫˣħ̵ȷѾسѾкöɱϮˡ
ϵ˽Ȼǰռɼ屻һ˴˳


593 ج
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һֱʱŽ˾ޣŸմӷͿҦ弸¥ĿȲ裬ҦҲһţǵĸλүһ衣
ţһ͸ֹУĵãóȴúһ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷߵҦ˵
ҾͲµôҵĽƣӦþСˣһ˭涼ڴħ̵ˡ
Ҧ׹һЦӣҲʲô飬Ҳֱ˵ˡ
ϢѾ½ҵ˷˳Ǹ˵ȷħ̵ˣʹֽб衣
ͷһЦ
ϣ˱֣ҦҲҦҲǳһǵҲǱ½ҪһңȻļǵõڵ顣
÷֪ˣҪʳѰˣϾڵ˿Ǽ㳲׷ɱ裬ڱˣ׵쾳ħ̵ʹӣҪڽбġ
Ҧüͷ΢壬Щǵ˵
ڽôӣڵ񽣻ҫҲʮزĳԹͲɻˣڵҲٵ˰벿Թ޷ˡ
ҦҲһԵͷ˵
ҪҪ֪ͨһڵˣүү
Ҧһʵڵӡǲģٲʲô֮ˡ
֪ͨȻҪ֪ͨģôӦԣͿԼˡ
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ֵ˵ͷ˵
Ǹֽб裬ڼħ̣ʵǱ֮Ѿ˼ˡ
ӳ̾һεҡҡͷһıС
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Դ񽣻ҫ֮󣬵ΪֹûܹͻƵ쾳ʵϻҫ˶ûһʵߵľǰŷˡ
ǷӵʵҫϲϣȻ˵Ѿ뵽֮ı趷ˣһڣƾһ֮ͿԽ¸Ͼɱ
ҫǲҪ˱Թɲô׾ͷµģұڻħ̣¸ݶҪϣڱʴ֮ϣ϶ǲܵ顣
Ҫô죿
ãֲŵʵڿɲҰڵˣȻ𼫴Ŀֻš
ʶǰ˿һûУʦҲһĿޣûʲôʱȥѣһɽҲʵû취ĻֻͶ½ˡ
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½ң˵ɺͼһͶ½ңǺ̵ܿģʱһħľⲻ˻Ҫϵһߣħ̵ƴһ
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з⣬ȻǶҪͶһȥҦҺϾҦҵĿɽҦҺˣس飬Ҳ᲻Ųʵİɣ
ҦҺ
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۴ĸǶ˵ҦҶҪ½Һϲ٣Ȼǰûʲôסĸ֣ڶһǾ˺ļֵֻҪĺҦҺҦҲǻͬġ
ͷ˵
˵Ĳʦˣͷûˣ½ҶԣҦһѡ񣬿ǵҸʱȥҦһˡ
ϵֽĻˣƺҪҦֻ֮ˡ
ȥҦҵĻǲǵ׼һ㶫ϾҦҡ
˼һ˵
Ȼǻڣز٣Ҫ׼Ķͽȥɡ
ӵ˵ͷʮĿһͽܣȻ书ǲһЩ˼ǳĻ磬ŵѡ
ʵһУŵʵһҪǿģһҪýʵģܹʵᣬ뷽跨׳ɵʵʵǿҪõĶ࣬Ȼ־ˡ
û⣬ʦͽȥɣ
һ˿⣬гվ˵ƺѾ뵽ҪʲôҦˡ
Ϊʦģȥɣ
Ӱ˰֣򷢵뿪֮һ˳˼ŴҦô˵¡
ڵ֣ʰһ㶫֮һС뿪ˣһξʧӵʯϡ
ӣ¥
˵ӻ᲻ǣ
ҦŲ裬΢΢һЦ
ҲµĲĻϼһʮа˾ŵ¾ͻǰĿɾֻҦõˡ
Ҧ׶ʱһЦ


594 ޻
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Ҧ֣ϵ߶
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ҦѽÿȺȲ졣
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͵øУҲѵôУȻصҦңһȥأ
ҦҡͷһЦ豭˿ڲ裬졣
ҦѾҪɻڴʱˣҦæµһҲȻģһкҦʵ׳ȴǲʲôˡ
Ľ˵۾΢΢ɨһ
˵ЩˣֽʲôҪ̸
Ҧ˰֣΢΢һЦֱӰᵽ֮ϡ
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Ҧ΢΢һЦûнܣҲûоܾ˵ӦЩѾᳵ·ˣкܶҦңҦҲҪͽǿ诣һתŲĺù
ҪһʵҦĻѾҦ׵貨΢ˣͬľտͬĸ
ҦֲصģȻǲʲôǷֵҪ󣬸ҦʲôѵľأֻһС£Ҧְæѡ
֪Ҧɲô׶Ըģ˽齻飬һ漰Ȼ͵÷ֺˣɲ׾ͻԿġ
䣬ӲҦǸɫС¶һĽ˿ľӣǺǶļ˶ҹѾֵˣװŵĶļֵ֪
ָĴ˽˿ľӵۣͭӻû״򿪣һصѾ˳žƢĸоڳе˶ɵһ𣬾¶˺ɫ
ȵӴ֮һصĺɫ˵ǰûиôͺͺһ仨ںڵ޲֮ϣʹҲû˿ήļ
컨ԼȭͷСһ껨꣬ÿһ궼Բ״ԵЩëǹصǴ仨ϴġ
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ϸıһһ˿ɫѾ֪仨лЩŵɫȻҲЩԲ׼
ҦףҦһûпǶ仨ãֻתͷŷӣŷӽһˡ
仨ȷǱȽϡУʶҦֶûϳ
ЦֻǶɫĻֻԭԭһʱŮ߶Ҫһ䣬ϧȴΪ̫ϧ˿Ը
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ҦҲǾȵĵɴ۾޿һʱΪ䱾ʲôЧΪĦ޵ҪϣֻҪõ޻ͿƳĦ޵
Ħ޵Ĵп˲֪˲ǿնڷһ̵浤ҩȻһ֮˵ûʲô̫ãǶЩŮ˵ȴ֮͵񵤡
ûһŮ˲Ҫפഺ֮ҪפʹʱϵͱҪ֮ҽʱ仹̫٣ʹܹᣬ仯ĳ̶ҲǺ޵ġ
һʮҽ֮ôòܹᣬҲܹصʮңҪضʮգǻܵģ书
ڶʮͷѾ쾳ˣòһֱάڵӣֱǰһ̣ɢʱŻ˥ϵģ
Ȼ߲ںڵòǾŮ߶ǷǳںģϾŮ˵ԣûǸŮ˲ںգʵĸߵ͡
Ħ޵ĹЧֻҪĦ޵òͻԶһ˲䣬һֱκεı仯
Ȼ޻룬һγԭֵʱ򣬿һʮִɧңǶ޻ȴǱ͢ĸֶȥˣû֮С
ϡϡ޻䵽ԭһᣬõ˶һľ֣Щ֮ͨ˿Եõġ
޵һֱһգûиȥҹ滨һλ֣ΪϲŮ˱ʲ̫ãþַҲûܰ˽쾳ֱȥ
һ߾ǽʮʱ䣬㼣̤еطλҲûҵһޣһϢʱЩȥѰ޻˶ʱϨ˼ʵʵļ
λֶûҵ޻Ȼǰͳһ䣬ܲҦҵ˳ԾҦ˸Ѿ˫۷Ź⣬ѾԾĽһȻڼĿҪĳ嶯
Ҧ˲һŮӣ෴Ƿǳģ֪ǰ仨֮˷ӵĴ㡣
ϢҦҴڵģϢǴеڵҲ֪ģϾҦһʼûŷӡ
ڷӺƾڵʵǲֵܵѾ֮ı裬ͱ轻ܹ֮ȻķأʵǿѾǲض˵ˡ
֪Ҧ˵ѣμҦҵӪμӱᣬҲΪҦ˵Եʣ˵Ҧ֮ܵõİΪҦ˵ԭ
ȻҲһ㣬һóĶǶʲôĶǶŮջޣĦ޵Ҫϡ
Ҧҵʵõ֮󣬿϶ܹѰҵĲĦ޵
ȻںҦ̸еͻƿھҦˣֻҪҦˣȻǲԮ֡
һı֪ˣҲǺѾܾ


595 
ǰϣǸ˿ľź޵޻Ҧҧ촽зſĹâٿһгı飬ͻȻЦ˳
СΪЦ
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ûж˵ʲôֻ˵һ䣬ӵɫ̾΢΢һ䣬ŻΪԭȵģ
СѺγԣ
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ȻҲûмޣ޵ļһǼһģ滨絮򣬾ӺζͲö֪ˣǶ޵ӼػǱȽġ
ǶɫĴ󻨶䣬ڱǼᣬޣ٣һһڣкɫǶӵפЧɫǶо綾մ֮УҲ˳Ϊ޻
⣬СѺüʶˡϵѧǳû˵ֻ䣬ޣȻû뵽Ȼǲٻ䣬ͬһ֦ϡ
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ޣȻˬʱԳͻеѣΣ޷ŵڣڳһֱζȴ˿ûиоѣεļⲻ޻
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֪֮޻飬Ϊڹ㶫ʱ򣬵õũٲݾһֲҳоϸļأĻԺΡ
ԭˣСѽû뵽ξȻһٵ޻Ҧң̫ˣҦǧҪ⡣
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ĻҪСҲʶϾ޻̫ˣ˵Ǽʵˣ˿ֶû˵أ
Ҧ˰֣һЦ
ּٻҾͲ׳󣬵ʱҪǸһȥȻ۸ڵͷϣ
ӵ˵ͷһһ˿â
Ļ仨ǿңȻ޻ҲһפЧʱҿƳɵҩ˷ãҲһЧ
ͻȻһЦ
ʲôȻСҪ仨͸Сˣﻹʲô顣
΢΢һ㶣ɫһϲֱӽ˿ľƵǰ
⣬òƲ̫ðɣ
ǹһ˿Цݡ
ƾҺҦֵĹϵ仨ͳȥûʲôģСҪǲ£Ǿ̫ˡ
ӹһЦ
Ȼô˵ҲͲˣԺʲôѽĵطкͿˣܰһ
΢΢˵ͷ˵
С仰ҿɾķˡ
ЦĿҪǻİںҦҵĺΣΪҦҵıԲҦңӵ˾ֱˡ
һ󣬷ӼȻĿѾﵽûʱҲʹͽܵ뿪ˡ
С֣Ӧ˷ӣǾǵںͱˣɲһ򵥵飬Ǳħ̵ʹҲӴ󣬲ôöԸġ
ȵ뿪֮Ҧüͷ΢΢һ˵
ǰħ̣ɲöԸӦǲЩˣ
ҦҲЩĵĿ˵ںһϣôħ̣ѱħ̵˲ҦҵĻҦҵ˿Ҳпܵġ
õģȻ˼ǹ˲Żģħ̵һǣǲԸҲһʵﲻڵæ˵ûʲô𡣡
΢΢һЦ⻹ҪԭҪԭΪ仨
仨
Ҧ΢΢һ㶣ɵĿǸ˿ľĺӣɻʵ㲻˵仨Ǽٵ𣿡
ֻ̽ӵĻȷǺܶ仨ޣժѾһʱˣԹЧѾɥʧﲻԭפЧ
ҡҡͷЦ˵
ʲôȻޣ
Ҧ׶ʱɴ۾һŵĿʵ
Ȼȷٰ޻˵ЩҲģ޻ѾˣĻǶ޵ļֵҲǲ֮µġ
϶ĵ˵ͷ´˽˿ľĺӣóǶ޻仨ҲҵУܷӳԭĹЧñ˵ȥˣ¾ûʲôˡ
˼ǣ仨ƳĦ޵
Ҧɻʵ
Ȼԣүǰõǿȸʯ𣿡
һЦеޡ
԰ԣôͰ¸ˣ˿ȸʯͿĦ޵ʱӽȥ޵ҩԣͬԴﵽԭĹЧ
ҦһĴȣʱϳϲɫ
̫ˣ
Ҧֱʱ׹ԭа⻨ƳĦ޵һĻͿԶڵˣʹԺײ쾳߳һЩҲûϵˡ
Ħ޵ҪһЩĲϣ͵鷳үӷһҦҵȥĴѰһˡ
˵ͷҦ˵С˵
û⣬Ͱҵˡ
ҦڴӦ޻˵Ħ޵ȻҲȽϧȫǿҵõģֻҪ໨һЩʱͲǿԵġ
֪޿ƳĦ޵
Ҧ׸ȤʵǲǶפոȤֻжİա
ʱ˵ϾǰҲûƹĦ޵֪ҩԾΰգóһŻ֪
ҡҡͷ
ûϵೢԼΣܻģ˵Ѿ׵쾳İѾӵľϸŶ˵ʲô⣬Ͼ㱾ƾͷǳľ
Ҧ׹һЦ
⵹ҲǣСֶƵ˽оƵҩҲ˴ġ
ҦҲһЦ˵
һӦλ˼ҵĻһϸĴе޻ڵ˼˿޻棬޻ǴӺζ
ܹ˵פһ̶ѾΥȻ߸иıòҲõıòǽ߱еĻϣǵʵ֧ôȥ
ǵϵ߿ûôʵ޻ĹЧҲѾ˵ϵĻܵҩĵļޣѾﵽҩļ


596 ̯
ҩͨҩĿĲ𣬼ʹͨҩЧҲǷԶԶܲģֻ߲ܳҩ̺İ
ϵЩҩģֻҩģΪܹյ̫ϡ٣ﲻҩļƳĵҩЧȻҲԶԶû鵤ǿˡ
е鵤ʹõҩЧǿҲǸвͬģϾڸͬ˵ʵǷǳģԵͽЧ鵤Ը߽׵߿ǻȫûõġ
˵޸˵鵤ͨ鵤ýڵ߿ٵĻָˣǶǸߣѾﵽ˶ɽڵĶˣͨ鵤ȫЧġ
ޣȻΪժãټϱ治ҩЧѾʧһ֣ǻ͸¶ĵǱˣ˵޲ͨҩģҩ
յޣҲӵ˲˼ĹЧǿƳפĦ޵Ȼ֪Ħ޵˭ĵҩǸ˵Ƿǳġ
Ҳкܶ๦Чҩһʼ֪Щҩʲô͵ĵҩҩЧǿģȻѡѵĴ丨ϣƳ鵤
ܹ׼ȷѰҵҩĹЧʦѾгɵĸˣͨʦֻѭĵƵҩҵĳԲ˷ҩпܵΣա
оʦʱΪȵ⣬յ¯ը֣ҩ̺˴ըҲǷǳֲġ
һ貢ǷǳΪǰҲʦǶŵƵҩջǺܴģϾʵǱߣʲô
ƵϵĵҩȻûʲôˣֻҪҦռĦ޵ʣµĸϣܿͿƳĦ޵ҳɹļʻܸߣ֮ǰҦ˵ĻֻǷܰˡ
֪źܴİգԺͻøӸ»᲻ϵƵҩǸʱܾе㲻˼ˡ
үӣȥһ£ޣǴ˭еġ
һ˶޻˼һͻȻ˵
û⣬ȥ
Ҧ̴ӦȻ֪ҪʲôֻҪ֪Ҧûʲôˣ鶼С¶ѡ
˴ԼСʱңҦҵһ¥Ҧߵ˵˼仰֮̾ת¥ȥˣû˿Ķ
С֣ղѾȥˣ֪õޡ
Ҧ΢΢һЦϸ޵˵
ŶӺζ
ޣ̧ͷһЦ
˵¶ţ޻֮ǰȻһֱڵ̯ϣܶ˶ȥ˶һЦֻ֮Ǹ̯ǿЦĶѣ֪ڵηֱġ
Ҧ׹һЦ
ڵ̯ϣ
ҲȻ˽ϧ֮޻͹İڵ̯ϣ
ȷǵ̯һΰˣȥԶĵ̯϶ڷŵĶҩĺ͸ָĸϣܺñϡ
Ҧ׿϶ĵ˵ͷҦҴ鱨Ƿǳŵģʲô
ãҳȥһ£ΰЩҪ
޻֮Ц뿪¥
ȥǸҪʲô
ҦɻĿ뿪ıӰʵ
ʲôҪǸΰɡ
ҦҡҡͷҲ֪ҪȥʲôҪʳ޻ĲعǸܵ飬еط޻ôͱ̤żˣڡ
뿪˴ӣ˳ʯһ·ǰߣȻҦ˵һûԶľ룬Ϳһλŵ̯ˣһģϴõĻɫۡ
⸱࣬Ҫ˵Լ̯޻ûмŵģһǽƭӵĴ硣
ΰڵ̯棬û̯ߺԼĶôʹ֪ʲôһӡ
ʱһɫӰͻȻǰĵ̯ǰվͶһӰ㶳ΰӰ·
Ҫʲô
ס˹ߣΰŻع̧ĮȻʵһ㶼ûб̯ôζ·һ
Щô
΢΢һµ̯ϵҩĺ͸ϣȻз˲ٺöʱ֪ΰеʵϵģֳ켣ƭӡ
㿴һڸ۸еĶ۸񶼲һֻʶˣҪǻĶм٣㾡ܿ뿪Ҳֺ
ΰƽ˵û˿Ĳƺܲɣ˵ûκε
˼θô
΢΢˵ͷָŵ̯ߵһɫһĶʵ
ĻθҪһм书ؼܻȡǮĻҪİ򡣡
ΰƳһָŵĶޱ˵
۸ǲˡ
˵ͷ
ȻֻǰŵĶûһǼٵģǰǾϻֻʶˣʶҴûаϻ
ΰͬ˵ͷ˵ĶֹҲǺܺãȻܶ˶ΪǼٻ̯ʱ䳤ˣҲк֪֣ܶȻҲͲˡ
һЩҪ㣬ܽĻҾͽеҩĶǮ
һЦֱ˵˵
ƾʲô㣿
ΰҲֱͬӣ̧ͷɴʵ
ҽ
ûнôֱ࣬Ա

ΰ߶һ䣬ͻȻһ䣬ڳ˾ȵɫ
Ҿٰ
˵ͷ
ã㣡
ΰûж˵ʲôϻɴվ̯ڵϵĲһ̯еĶǿ鲼
ƹһС֣һ¥¥Ȼ½ҵ˾ӪģΪӴ˷ʹã⻹Ƿǳġ
ȥ¥ϵѡһİ䣬ΰ˽ȥһ֮˾
ʲô
ΰƺûйĨǵϰߣ˵ʲôֱֱȥϲ˾úֱˬϲ˿¾;Щͻˡ
޻óİɣ
΢΢һЦΰ۾ʵȻΰһޱ߷ӣǷǳ峺ģһּ֪թ֮ˡ
ȷģѾҵˣ֮ǰոձߡ
ΰû˿ɵĳҲںĴΪ쾳֣Ҫ˵в棬ǿ϶ˡ


597 
Ȼΰûȥֳۿᣬ⼸ѾŴ壬ʮͻƵ֮һըԵš
ڿɲȹŴʱϢһϢըʱο⻹ֻڷŴһССĴϢݵٶȻױȵѸˡ
ΰĵһӡǷǳģ˿ûŰӣҲûΪԼʳڶеָ߸ϵĸо
֪޻Ѿˡ
һЦŵǸɫһ˿¶Ľ˿ľӣ˺֮Ƕ޻
⻨ô
ΰʱ¶һ˿ɻ飬ĪǸղʹ˹ģ
Ҳֻ޻ˣҪ͸ҵĶѡ
Ͻô࣬ҲûᵽҦҵˣֻ˵仨͸Լġ
Ҫʵ⣬ǹ޻İɣ
ΰȻѾóǶ޻Ȼʲô˼ˡ
޻ʮֵѵãǰһҲûֶٶ䣬֪һ޻ǴӺζģ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦȻϢļֵһԸ⸶һ㱨꣬Ƕ٣ͿϢ˵ûˡ
޻ҲֻĦ޵ãѾ׵쾳ձѾԱڷǳ״̬ƺ˵޻ûô
ΰɻĿ˵ʹľһ쾳ֵǰҲû˿ĵӣʮƽ٩٩̸жλ֪һ޻ҲѾƳ㹻Ħ޵ˡ
˵Ĳ޻˵ûʲôãֻҪﵽפյЧҪĦ޵ҲֶΡ
ͷһЦ֪޻ϢΪҪ޻һ滨
ޣ
ΰɫʱ΢΢һ䣬Ȼû뵽ĿȻ޵ϡ
ҲµûȻ޻ȽϤܹ֪޵˿ɲࡣ
΢΢һЦһ˿΢ɲùâ
֪ģ
ΰϳ˾ɫֱ˿ĸоܲ
ûʲôҲµĶѡ
ҡҡͷȻһЦҽ޻ڵ̯ϵˣô˵Ҳһˣ԰ɣȻ޻֮˵ֻһп޵ĶˣǶĳЩ˵źġ
˵ĲдͲȱٷʹֿûʲôõĶҲһȷѪᣬֻΪƤұѡ
ΰƺ뵽ʲô飬һ¾ͱõ
޻еʱ䲻ˣҩԶѾʧ˺ܶ࣬ƳĦ޵ĻûפĹЧֻӻ˥϶ѡ
˵ͷϸĴΰ
䷽ʺԳĵı¶˵
ΰȻ̧ͷɫٶȻָƽȷ֪ܣ
ȻҼȻˣ֪ܣĪʲôף
һЦһڲ裬ʵ
Ȼûʲôףֻ֪ܵˣһʮһˣҾһ֪ܵˣǰ˶Ѿˡ
ΰҡҡͷƽĿ˵֪ܣȵȷû֪ܻȥ
Ȼ˿£ҵǸ֪ˡ
Цȫûбסӡ
ޣû´ĻӦǴũٲݾϿļذɣ
ΰûֱ˵ǸܣҡҡͷͻȻת˻⡣
ҵȷǴũٲݾϿļأļ޻ǻ٣һľ綾޻޻Ʒ裬̶ȵľ
˵ͷܻĳˣͷ¶һ˿ϢΰܹһҧǴũٲݾпļأȻǶľ˽⣬˵ͻ֪ܡ
ҲµĲôҵ޻ϢҲȷ㿴ũٲݾһǲƪļ㲢ûпĻ¾ͲôĵҪȥѰ޻ˡ
ΰͻȻһ˿Ц⡣
⻰ô˵
Ų豭ֶʱ΢΢һ٣ֵĿΰʵ
ް޻Ȼһ涾ޱȵĶȴƳޱȵķ裬ֵҩȥֻ֮ҪܹŵùȥԻм̶ȵ٣ľǺȶãٺʲˡ
ΰ˵ͬʱĴȻΪΪƷԼãΪȫżΪǿʵҲΪᣬľҪ䡣
ʷϲʵǿˣǶѧһ츳ԶˣǶȴԶԶʱħ¹˻߻ħ
ʱҪľϵҪʱĸ򣬲һһϦ˵ģԲ˺ܶ˼»Ƶĵطչزĸ̬
˷ĻһȫˣֻҪܿʹ֮·ľΪͿԿٵҲúΪͻͽʱ򣬵޷ֿħջ
ҵ֪ļҲһ֣ԷĹЧȴǱȽĶǿ֮⣬ƺ軹ʲô׵ĵط
˵ͷũٲݾĲƬļصȷϣֻǺݾʧˣҲ֪辿ʲô׵ĵط
ҲͻɷĹЧˣȻ˽ģȻľżĺôȴһ㣬Ҳ޷ıһȱ㣬ǾǾ綾޻
ΰ¶һ˿͵ζʵǿ¶˽С΢֪Ҳһˡ
Īж
Ժһתʶڡ
費жһǾ綾ӵпפ屣żĺôȫ෴֮ңʹеĶ֮УҲǰĴڡ
ΰܿ϶˵
ѵʱûʹϻҩģк͵޵Ķԣ
üͷʱо綾Ȼ֪ģöƵҩȴǹ˵һγԣжĶ֮ʱķƺһԱ޶
ֻҩôҩûôҩЧΪֲͬĲϴһֺЧ֪ΪֹʦǶڼרһĶ
ޱ綾ޱȣԿɲôȥġ
ΰҡҡͷε˵


598 
ô˵Ļڻûܹȥ֮޻Ķԣ
üͷʱҪ裬Ϊ˸ԼʹãǸļŮԼҦ˺ʹõģЩŮǱľ鶼Ǻܶ࣬ȻǱҪöࡣ
Ϊֹ趼ûܽ޻ľ綾Ϊ޻ͷǳϡ٣û̫ȥϵ飬ûн
ΰܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ˵ٻӡ
ôǰʹ÷裬ν綾ģ
ֵʵ
˵⣬ǾͲòᵽһֺܺĲҩˣֲҩΪӣ֪û˵
ΰһЦ
ӣû˵ҩġ
üͷ壬һ˼̾Ϳ϶ûҩģ˵ˣû˵
ҩǿģΪ޻Զĵط׻˵һｵһӳ˿Կ޻Ķ⣬ûʲôá
ΰһһ޻ˣʱо޻ҩ֮ʱͬ޻ľ綾ԣصػȥһˣ޻ԶĵطڷӵĴڡ
һｵһĸһ㶼нⶾĶԭûʲôôﻹҵӣ
˵ͷҽĻʶҲȻ˵ĵ
ⶫڱĵطҲֻ޻ĵطҵڵͷҲûⶫΪû޻ֻΨһһ޻ھС
ΰʼ
ôһ϶֪޻ĵطˣкܶȥƬŷֹ޻ĵط߱Ҳûҵκε˿޻
˵ͷҲûָΰ޻ֻҪṩ仨ϢͿˡ
ҵȷ֪޻ϢҲһ֪޻λõˣ˵˵Ļ޻ĵط¾Զĳˡ
ΰûм˵޻ĵص㣬ǿһЦ
֪ղѾ˵ˣ֪޻ЩˣڶѾˣҲµûĻЩ˶ȱǰɣ
ͷһЦ֪ûô򵥾ܵõ޻λõϢȻҲͲżˡ
Щ˵ȷҼȱǣǵļУҲÿһ˶֪Ϣģһε峤ԺǽпˣֻзˣܵõϢĴС
ΰ˵ͷ
ֻһϢĴУȻ˵ĻܣλӦúܲѰңмΣգǵ峤ҲΪ˱ӵܿǰɣ
һ˼ΰ崫е塣
˵ĺܶԣǸطȷǷǳΣգ޻ҲôˣȻҲһѣǸط޻ԶһЩģûȱٵ̶ȡ
ΰɴĳһ㣬Ͼһ֪޻ϢˣҲ˿֣һǿΪ˲֮ˣΪϢֻһ֪гѡ
ȻܵõϢĴУ峤УӦҲǴﵽ˷Ҫˣ
ʵ
һͲ´ˡ
ΰЦҡҡͷ̾˿˵֪֮ϢΪҵļ壬ھʣһˣҲǴҸ׵Ŀ֪Ϣ
ʲôļȻֻʣһˣ
Ϣ΢΢һ£ܹôϢļ壬ʵ㲻ǷǳǿҲӦǸЩʵļ壬û뵽ǣھȻʣΰһˡ
Ǻǣ岻ֻʣһˣ⸱ǵģ
ΰɬһЦ̧ͷһ˿ʹɫ
ļȷǾܶ˺ܶ飬ڱ⸱ӣĻҪ飬ҲǺļй˰ɣ
ǺεȵĴѾ֪⣬¾ֱ˵˵˳
ȻԾˣֻ˵ֻƬѾҵ˼ڶʮͷѾ׵쾳ˣǷ
ΰĿһۣż˵ҵļУֻ书֮ˣƷйصļӵܣܵõϢĴС
żû䣬ϢѾһֽģһѡضûˣֻѡ񴫸ҡ
ȻҺҲˣһŮǰڼ֣֮ûǱ𣬸Ǳ׷ɥ֮ȮֻĶ˽⸱ģ
˵ΰȦ΢΢ȴûᣬȻڼĿֻϵĲ΢ҵһЩĸӦˡ
ǿ˵ΰʵ㲻жǱͨս֮һѣҪǻǰļ壬ʵûʸ֪޻ܡ
Īǻ֪Ǽ֪޻Ϣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬֪ΰȻҲֻƶΪ֪޻䣬ԲŶǽ׷ɱ
ϢǼǧ֪꣬Ϣ⣬ûй¶һ˿߳ȥԳЩ⣬ǿ϶֪Ϣġ
ΰܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ôΪʲôԭ׷ɱ
ֱʵǱģɲΪһЩ޺޻ʲôĪĳңھҪ޻ΰµ鷳һֵ
⡭
ΰԥһ£Ȼһӻ֪ò˵
˵ԵɵĻҿǰﲻģʵһҪǿһ㣬ϸҲ޵еˣóȻȥһЩǲĵˣֻҿӦûû̶ֳȰɣ
ȻһЦΪ˵
˼ףֻǸԭȽ⣬Ҳȷ֪֮󣬻ܲܰҡ
ΰԥ˵
ԭļֵҲһ㣬޷׵ˣĿ֮Ұɣʱпա
վƽ˵ת׼뿪
ȵȣ
ҪߵſڵʱΰͻȻվס˼뿪
ôôˣ
ûлͷһЦҪʶô̵ʱ䣬˽ҵΪҪ֪ԭ⣬ҿ㣬ʵеӹĸʵ̫͡
֪ҪԸңҸĶ֣ոս֮Ҳǲܵ飬һѡ㣡
ΰͻȻᶨ쳣˵


599 ũ
˼
һЦ󻺻תƽĿΰʵԸңʲôͻȻ֮ת뷨𣿡
Ϊ뵽һ顣
ΰ˵ͷֱֱĿĿ⣬ûκεıܻ䣬ʾĵ̹ڽ֮ǰҴûм㣬ĴȴѾǴŴ壬ľӵһս
ɣľӣ
ʱüͷһ
ɵľӣŵľӺһս֮ˣǸʱŸոսͻ֮ɲϧԪΪľˣڳ֮˶顣
ΰһ˿ɫЩ˵
µģľӶжĻȻҳҲܹͻƵ֮ڱʱǿ϶ûлͻƵģһæҸԸԪΪˡ
˵ͷ󷽵ĳϵ
Ȼ˵ֻһС£˵ȴǿԿƷֶ𱨵ˣȨ֮ѡ㣬ԥ
ΰͬ˵ͷᶨĿ˵
ãȻѡңҲͲ˵ʲôˣʲô飬˵ɣҿܲܰæ
ϣƽĿΰ˵
ҲͲȦˣ֪㿴ũٲݾĲƪ֪ûпũٲݾ
ΰֱͬ˵ʵ
ûУǿǼҳƪҵİѾͦˣһЩ⣬Ҳһῴһũٲݾжô
ҡҡͷ¶һ˿ϧɫ
ֻ֪֮ũ鳢ٲݣ㼣̤黪ĸأֲҩͲϣԽҩҩԷӵ£ַǳĵҩȴ֪ũϵ
ΰһЦȻũٲݾ֮˵ζʲôõⱾ飬ζŴӴ˰ٶ֣پͨĻóַǳĵҩı
ȻһеǰᶼҵЩеҩݣɸΪ֮ûƵҩҩݣõũٲݾҲûʲôõģϾƾ
֪ũϵ
һ⻰ʱȵĿΰһۡ
ũڻĵУһѾ˵Բũ䣬ȴѾû֪ˣҲ˶һƣԼũҩѧһ׿Խס
Ȼô᲻أ
ΰɬһЦ̾˿ũȼҵ棬ǣ书ǴҩҲѧѧĹȴԶʧˡ
ũϣȻȼҵ棿
ľһǴûּ˵ȻҲмĴũϵĶ˿ɻĲôѾǵֻʣΰһˣҲ˵ˡ
һҩѧһ˽ܳ׵ˣµĺ󱲾Ȼ䵽ⲽأò˵һʮֱ飬Ҳѹΰᵽһ㣬һεĿЦˡ
飬ȼҴûж˵Դ֮ǾҲûֵķһֱĬĬԴ
ΰ̾˿˵浱ԴҩȻһŶѧǲûеõУһҲҪԭ򣬾ûԱ
ҩҵǴû˵
ҡҡͷȷû˵һŽҩĶѧ뵽ũǵ͵ΪˣҲˣһںˣǲᵽѧġ
ҩڽ֮ŽѧڻͨմĶѧҪ󱲵ģһ飬ʱȥһˣԴ˾ҲûлҲǴȱǵĿڿഫУ֪洴ҩ顣
ΰεҡҡͷˣǵһˣûѧϰҩգ˵Щ˲֪ٴĴˣԼʽ΢ҲӦˡ
ѵȼҾûٳʲôž޵𣿡
üͷ΢ɻʵ
ȼҿɲʲô壬ĺӲΪԵʣǧķܣҲֻ˶ѣͨˣ书
ΰ˵ȼôĴУ˵ҲǹӲдˣȻһֱ֮˳һž޵ˣܹ帴˵صǺܿϧôȥˣһֱҲǸѡ
ȼҾڱʲôΪʲôũһ뿪֮Ҫ
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ҲѾµ˰ɣȻȼҵũϣôũٲݾȻҲȼˡ
ΰһЦϸĴ۾ʧˣΪ۾һ׵ĺ̶κεĶߣҲû˿Ĳһƽ
ũٲݾһҵᣬѾ֧𣿡
ʵũ֮ũٲݾĪ˳ȥ˵һȫƪܹٶҳľ鱻ֳݣҲû˲Ŵ
еǱũٲݾȼҵ˷ųȥģĪũٲݾʿ죬ǲų飬صҲᱻЩҵġ
ΰһƽ
ԭǱȼҵ˷ųȥģũٲݾ
˵ͷȼҵ⣬Ͼũ뿪ˣũٲݾȻ˵ע⣬ŵʱû˸Ҵ⣬ϾũȻΪ˵͵ҪΪʵȷʵǵһ֮һѾֱƽƿ
дųƣũϺ˶֣ûʲôףǶ־Īĺûܹũǳʲôһ֮䣬ũϲŻᱻȫ񻰣Ϊ书Ѿ͸һľ硣
زǧټƵҵũϣҪũϾһũֶû̧ôһǸˣû죬Ǹ˽ѾȬˣִű˴ԽԽ
ȴôΪһοٵģ֪ũԴҩôҲ˲²⣬ũϹֶο϶Ǻҩѧйء
ҩһУоҩҲĶҩǺҩк̬ܶҲзĩ״ҩũϼȻҩ书Ѿ֮ôпѾ˸ҩԡ
ֻȥˣͿĸıԣǾһȡȫũϵһ֮䡣


600 ũٲݾ
ũϵǿ󣬵Ѿ˴ķǳ棬·Ѿһ㣬ͲѰķˣԲŻũŴһũͬһʱڵķϣһ
һΰʱڣ˺ܶྪž޵ඥѧҲǸʱڱ˴֮ѾѳԽǸĶǣΪ֮˵ʱȲϣΪԽԽϡĻѾǰ
Ծȼļ壬һλũ棬ɳ⸱ޱȵ״̬Ҳ˶̾Ϣ֮̾ƱãûټѰ١
ũٲݾһֱղȼңҲһĴкܺõı޻һڼѡ˽дϢͨ˸֪Ϣ
ΰҡҡͷЩϢ¹ش󣬶һ֪ͻһй¶ķգʹȼҵˣÿһҲֻһ֪Ϣ⣬˿֪ЩϢ
˵ȼһֱղũٲݾһ飬ũٲݾˡ
˵ͷǺεȵĴֻΰֻƬУԼóȷĴ𰸡
˵Ĳũٲݾֻ֮һѣũٲݾľ֣ıû˿й
ΰĿһۣʹ˵ǲѹһ㼴͸
ȼұһľ飬ȻûҲЩϧ
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ǲܣǲңҲмеǰͼȥͨũٲݾ׳һѧϰ˾еҽѧ֮Ȼ뿪˼ȥĴ˵;Բص塣
ΰҡҡͷһ˿ɫһʮ꣬ʮ䣬ƾϵҽλκˣǾΪҽɱ֮Ȼ˻Ҳֻʣһˡ
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üͷʱĸ߳ҽȻҲɱ֮ѵЩ˵Դﶼݺɣ
˶һȻ⣬λȻҽ߳ΪʵȴƽƽҽȻ˲֮˵ĿӣҪλ潻ѧҽ
ΰһЦһ˿ŭץȥĥֻʣƤͷƾżļˣЩ˽ʬɽ£ǹһϣλӻؼҵĻᶼûС
̰֮ʵ̫ڶ࣬ʤûһǿʵʲôᱻ졣
Ҳ̾˿εҡҡͷ磬Щĸΰ֮ϣУκγʵĶúõأͻɱ֮ˡ
λ洳ʱõǼҲû֪λȼҵˣλľȼҵ˸ǲʲôˣֻܼֱ̫үүһ
ΰ˵ȼҾĻңҪ̫үүһʼ˵𡣡
ΰУҲȼҾΪʲôɽӣԭ̫үү˺һȼϢеˣ˺ҰĲСҪ˼ϧũٲݾȥѧؼ
˺˼УҲûлͷʧ˷ִ磬֪ӦüɻһЩ飬ûɵóũٲݾȥ߼ѧؼǷεĳ֣ͬƪµũٲݾóȥ
ʱ䲻̶صҲؾãǶʮһˣȽֶβǹŴеˣԾ˺СǱ֮׷鵽˿
һ¶̾۵ȼҵˣȼҵ˾ܵ˲֯ĹǸ֯ͼǳȷΪҵũٲݾΪȼ˱ĥ
ȼҵ˸Ͳ֪оȻũٲݾĴڣԾ㱻ĥҲ˵ȻǸ֯˿ȼҸӲͷײĲᡣ
һºڷߵҹǸ֯˺֣һҹ֮佫ȼҵ˼ɱ˾ųϣ˺żҴ͵˳ȼĴȼյĴ˺г˻ںޡ
Ǻ޹ޣǸ֯ĶʵȴкģȼҿԿģ֯Ϊ˵õũٲݾȼͱɱˣκδĻᡣ
ӳ˺裬ҲûκҪ˼֪Ǹ֯ˣֻȼҳ׵ĶϾ˴УӮĻǸܻеġ
ΰûȼгˣĸ׾ϢеˣΰΪȼһˣĸױѡֻܰϢ
ϧǸǻǻ㲻ȼҾôãɻǱǸ֯ҵˣֶͨΣǸ֯ٴȼҲ֮˵λá
һսΰǣǸ֯˽ɳˣͽ׷ɱ·ţܵĹУΰӺŮҲĸףľΪ˱ˡ
ΰ޷ܵĻǰĻҪһҪúõĻȥǧҪΪȥ
˵ʱΰ׫סȭͷȭͷĹǽڶˣһȻڼĿԼۿѾˮ
ж᲻ᵯֻδĴΰûסͷİˣˮ˳ĺεδĵ˲豭һ΢
ֻ뱨֪书΢ܶԿЩˣЩ˾ʲô֪Ҿ뱨ôҴûϨ˼
ĬĬΰȻ̧ͷֱֱĿ˵㻹ôᣬѾ׵쾳ֻҪٹʮ꣬ʵԽ뵱ĸУܰұҾͽũٲݾ͸㣡
̫үүôСĵ£ȴɱ׷鵽˿Ǹ׵Ĳȼң²ôöԸġ
ũٲݾΪջ󣬵ȴһ׶ĵˣǸĵϸһ֪Ȼܾôһͷײȥ
֪ûҪھΪұֻҪʵ㹻ǿʱұĵĳޣΪԸ⸶κεĴۣ
ΰȭͷɿˣ˲ϵˮͷ˵
ҾȲǸʱ壬޷֧Ŷ˰ɣ
̾˿ͻȻһ
㿴ˣ
ΰһָֻ
ڽϼĵһۣҾѾˡ
˵ͷ̾˿˵ѡҰ㱨𣬳֪ҵһЩ⣬ҵƷΣԭ򣬿»ΪѾ˰ɣ


601 ǣ
ϵƵȷأһֵҩѹ˺ܾãһɿҵƣοģ
Ĭһ֮ΰ̧ͷʮƽʵ
ϵڱǸ֯׷ɱʱµģȷΣˣѧϰũٲݾȼǰһЩҩ㽫ƿסˡ
ȻǲˣǱ˾ѾвֻҪٶȱǾһغʱˣǸʱ򣬾·ҲȲˡ
ȥȷ˵ӣϢҲȶû˿о
ҡҡͷһ˿ϧҲǴЩ󿴳Ǵ״̬ҵĸӦУѾȵ£ԶԶûʻһĸо
Ӧ
ΰһ˿ɻ书ԶˣȻ֪£˵ˣ쾳ߣҲ˿һӦ˵֮
ָӦҪ֮ǿһ̶֮󣬲һģĸо֮ͱǿǳ࣬Բܲ
ǵģϵ֮ͬĺ֮һѾʮ΢ʱһ֮ϨҲ͵˾ͷ
˵ͷƽĿΰ˵һʶ㣬Ҳһܸһ˵ܹκˣҲꡣ
𣿡
ΰһЦȻû˵ʲôǱѾˣǾĻΪȼҿǴũϵҽҩ֮ûκƣ˵ҽٸҲܱȵũĶ
ȻȼǧĴУ͸¶ũϴ˵ݣÿһ֪ܣҲȻȥѧϰũٲݾݣҽĸȻǲض˵ġ
һ˵ȻȼǵزΰڼĽǾũϵ֣ũϵĴˣ˵ǻĵһҽҩҡ
ҽҩûˣΰеϲûû䣬Ե˵һĻܹڵƣʱ䣬Եòſɷ
ûȥΪȻƤȥӣʵﻹǺܲΪȻģϾԼûκˣжػô
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˵ͷ󷽵ĳΰǰҪôСȥأϾԷͷҲСũϵĴˣũٲݾ
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һ֮ΰŻķԳһЦ˵ĲϸһĻ˵Ҷ꣬һжˣˣ
ũٲݾҩĲǳȷ˵ǵ춨˻ҩһſҩĵܺ÷רŵļҩԵۣϵǳƺȷ
طҽͨ屾Ѩλ֮ĿƣﵽҪҩ弲һϵ书
ҩֶǿڵҩžҶԵĶҩǵ϶һ̶ȵĶԣڷ֮󣬿϶ڻ²ٵĶأһ
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ԴƵĽǶطҪԶũٲݾ֮ϣΪͨط֮󣬶岻κεҲûκεĶá
ǴطҲвõĵطǾҪʩ߱书Ϊ֧ţΪ㣬Ǹ޷ʩչطΪƵģΣ
һ˵ũٲݾͱȴطҪõöˣΪصҩ֮ͨҩʹãһ缲Ƶãʩ߱ûκε˺żҲȽϵ͡
ũٲݾֻҪҩ㹻ͿˣԸκ书ҲһҽطѶȵȷҪࡣ
һҽѧһѧ߶о˵ĹЧЧϿ˵ǲǿ⣬ֻҪܽһ˸ľ磬ԳΪҽѧʥ֡
ҿһ£ĴطǴӺδѧ𣿡
һʱĳĬ֮ΰɳɤӿʵ
ȻȻҶûй˽¶˵»ûʲôģֻϣܹܣطǴҽõĴС
һ˼ΰϾΰѾй¶ϢĿҲȽСƷҲˣҲûˡ
ҲµĲȻǴҽѧģô˵Ļҽ伣ʱ䣬͸Ŵط
ΰϳһ˿Цݣʵ
ҲûмҽҵõطʱҽѾȥüˣطҲԼĲûָ
ҡҡͷ
ԭ㲢ûмҽ˼ңҲѹˣҽҲǲ֪ˡ
ΰ˵ͷϳһ˿Ȼɫ
ҽ飿
üͷ΢΢һ壬˵˵ҽ걻׷ɱ˵ɣ
ԭ֪
µΰЩˣΪʶҽӦҲ֪ҽ飬û뵽Ȼѿھ˵˳⵹Щɻˡ
ҽǰһŮŮڻţҽǸŮҵģҽûж˵ʲôΪǸŮû̫ǿʵȻҲǲܰҽġ
ΰɻֻ΢䡣
ԭˣҽĵǲǸŮֻẦ
ΰ˵ͷ˼һ֮˵£һǸɣϾΪұ𣬵ʱ϶Ҳ鵽ġ


602 
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жʱһֲõԤУ½ΰϢ˵ҲǺҪһϢ
Ҫȼҵũٲݾ͵شҽʵͬһֻĲͬɲ֣ӸԴ˵ʵʾһˡ
ΰֱ˵ˡ
ȻǺηʥΪҪĶȡҽҩѧĸ书
ʱüͷϰŴطʱʵѾ׼һлᣬһΪ屨һ֮û뵽ô͵õϢ
ҾͲˣϾҵʵޣҲ֪ģӵ죬һЩҩһغˣﻹ˵Ȳ衣
ΰԳһЦҵһЩģƺԳʥҩˣô֣Ҳ֪ǲˣʱߵʱżæģҲûϸͦ
ʥҩ
üͷ΢ǵһ˵ȥ˺úõĲһˣ־ǻı̫Ǿ
ƺô֣ǲҾͲˡ
ΰ˵ͷεʼ硣
֪ҽҲǱ֯˵ģ
˼һɻĿΰʵҲڷ⣬Ͼող˵˴طǴҽѧģΰ˵ҽĳҺĳͬһˣųȥ뷨
׷ɱҵ˵Уҽ֣˵ڼ׷䣬ҪҪʬһҲ壬ǾһֱϵȥֱҵΪֹ
ΰ˵ƽûκε쳣ʹҲ˵ѻʵľˡ
ϸĶΰһһʱû˵վĬ
ã֪ˣȥһ˺úõĲһ֯ʱʱһֲȻǵ˺ҽҾ͸гֵıҪˡ
ԼӺڵ˵ͷֱӸΰһŵ
ţƾʺʵһһģϧǿһĵˣҲûϵˣЩ˵Ѿνˣһжˡ
ΰ¶һ˿ѰЦݡ
İɣӦ飬һġ
ƽ˵ȻûʲôģǴ˵ĻŷΰûκεĻɣ˵
뿪Ŵ֮ҲͲٻˣ׼ȥǴӺŮ˵֮أĶɹʱ䣬ЩҲˡ
ΰӻͳһᱡֽƬֽƬǴ񽬴ɵģԵЩֲڣһͼһĴɽĿһֽ֮Ƭݸ
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ӹֽƬϸĿһ֮󣬾ɽ״Щ죬ɽֻм򵥵գһɽͷһһԲεʯͷʲôûˡ
ֽƬϻŵɽǶüɽǸɽͷϵ£һʯͷῪʯͷ֮·ĵطȼǧܣũٲݾ
ΰָֽƬǸ˵
ũٲݾͲ
˹ԭһرͼϵǿǱũٲݾصλá
ũٲݾλãҺֱ任˼λ֮ղطǰũٲݾһֱղȼңûóͬˣȻܻ֮ڵġ
˵ͷΰϳһ˿ˣȻȼػǧܾ˳ȥҲʮֵĲܣϾȼڿɾֻʣһˣһũһǾľˡ
֪ˣʱȥõⱾũٲݾģҵҿԱ֤Բᶪʧû˿ԴҵⱾũٲݾ
ƵеֽƬ֣صĳŵ
ƾʵҪһӦûûģһһССҪ󡣡
ΰ˵ͷ˵
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ΰ˵е󣬲ʲôҪֻһͨˣ˵ûʲôѶȣҲղͽܡ
Ϊʷ׵֮ߣ˵ҪͽܣĽܰż̤ƣ˶õ洫Լһľͽ׵쾳
İɣһҿԴӦ㣬ʱʱһũٲݾеҽȥһûк˴еġ
˵ͷѾҪ˭ũٲݾˣȥ¹Ľڽ޵ʫϣʫϱѧ츳ޣϰĻ²ʲô̫ߵĳɾ͡
ʫϱѧҽģҽѧԻǺܸߵģһԻȥ¹޵ĻͿԿˣǰʫҲѧطֻΪʵ޷ʩչӸ߼طѡ
һСɻǶʫϰܹΪģڿһţȥʱˡ
仰Ҿͷˡ
ΰοĵ˵ͷʵΪ洴ĵ伮еһ˿ģⱾһ츣յ飬ȴΪȼҵʵǿһֱδܹ֮ڡ
һ˵ȼҵкˣũϣûܽũϵ־󣬷͵͵ǧ꣬ڽߵ˰֮Ҳ졣
ô죿
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Ѿ˵ĲˣҾͲڷŴˣϾӣڶ࣬˵оҵĳңһǾ뿪ȽϺá
ΰ·ŵǸӣװǸղڽͷ̯ЩҩģЩֲɼҩݣҩԾԿԷģҲûʲôˣɣ
ϵƣ
ӹǴҩݣüͷһ¡
İɣҪõҩѾƳ˵ҩֻҪһʱһžͺãЩԭҩҶòˣ滹ҪЩ͸㵱ҩɣ
ΰҡҡͷ㲻֪޻λôϢȼڿഫʵҲܱ֤ϾȼҺвûٳʲô֣ȻҲȥ֤ʵһ
ǴطΣգǾֶܽȥ
ʱʵ
Ҳô˵ֻ˵ʵԽǿŻĻҲԽʵ΢ˣȥ֮϶Ǳɵģȼҵ˾֪Ϣ֮Ҳûȥ
ΰ΢΢һЦҡҡͷҸλ֮ҲҪ˼У׵ȥ̽ա


603 ֮
ģҲ³çµġ
˵ͷȻ֪ӲΣǽ֮µĵǷҪȥһˣÿ˵ȥȥģϾҲǲ֮
һʲôӦ˵⣬ǸطƫƧʱǽ첻Ӧеصزˡ
ǸطڹŴʱ򱻳ΪһСҶԱȹ˵ͼ½ĩضһʮ֮һ̶̶ĵײ֮ͨͨһֱߣͿԿ޻ĵطˡ
ΰ˵޻֮صܣȻѾȫиҲһһʮĶ˵˳ҲûʲôҪĵط
Ȼôĵطѹȥһһˣһλȥ򣬶ûҵ޻λá
֮Ҳɵĸп̾ϢһλãǻԵɺϣһӶû취λڡ
ڻĽݱΪĵĺ壬ຣصȵҲķΧڹŴʱĻֺڲһ
ָܳءΪָŹء뼴׶ԭԶͶʲϼ½ָͨܵĵСȡ
ʱķΧλػͶʲ룬磬˹ҹ˽磬ຣϵرܶҲС
ΪڶѧľʷϵԶʷҲǷǳϤִĵͼһ˼ΰ˵λá
Ҫֲľء³غԱ׼صıԵôӸߵܻˮľ޲ҪũҵˮԴ
Ĺˮܲɷֵϵݲֿѧҵжϣ¥Ҳ۷ƹںĵ޲Ǩƶ
ͬʱڵϵأҵ˥ܵ仯Ӱ죬Դʮһȫ𽥱䣬ҲܵǿӰ죬õصóͨϷ˿֮·Уó𽥼٣Ҳ˥䡣
ݿ֤ԪǰʮѳֻĹ̬ʹһ˽ʯóף⣬ٹĺҲó׵б֮С
ڹԪǰңʼ𽥷٣õشҪĵ𽥷չϽ¸ľĻżĽչ
һڿɿʷǰγɹңʼչݼأʱʮСֲʮ˵
年֮ͨǰūһֱ֧˺ʱ򶼻ϽΧѾֻʮСǰ͵ǰѾѳʮС
ĩ꣬໥֮䲻ϼ沢˽γ۷ơʦȼľ棬ϱʱڣٶȱ仯˵ĸ߲̻ңһؿ½󲿵ǿ
ʱ򣬳⣬ǨΪԭҲʮַٵĻ
ΪеһСңʹȫʢʱڣȫҲֻǧ˲פıֻˣҲ㲻һʲôǿ
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ˣʲôҲö֪ˣʥҩȷڵҩһŷǳ裬ܶҩЧǳǿĵҩǴʥҩģµĴ󻹵ǻ˾޴Ĵۺʥҩһֵҩ
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תͷѫһЦʱǿкҪ񽻸ȥģǿŲǵʵҲֻ㹻ʵȥɡ
Ϲˣн죬ͱŵĴкܴϵģֻҪҪңκʱҶ᲻ȥġ
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605 ж
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ҦӰĵĳſڣһճձҦˣʱһЦ
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ֹȥСʱңͥԷеͤһֱﾲĿѫл־ˣͻȻͬʱ˫ۣеľⱬ̣߳ĹâɲǼ佫Ժյһ
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ϣʱˣǸóˡ
һˣ˿ʱǰһС˵


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½Ϣ¡ŵĵϢֵĺӰʵӰħѾһָˣ½飬ҪһƾɽҲǲܵ顣
һĻȴʵĳǰǵسֵĺӰֻһƾͽ׵ɣ˿ܻоȴʵʵڵĸܵǸۻޱȵǸͺһĴڡ
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ߣǿˣȴңΪײȥħ̵ˣħ̵˴Э飬Ҫ½ҵĲؾħ̣˳棬ȴΪ棬ѾΪ½ҵӵܣ
½Ϣ¡мĿ½һתͷһ½飬ϵѾ˵һС
ǳ½ҵ棿ȡ棿ԼãȻħ̵ˣҲ˴书ؼҲ½ҵؼȥǽˣջΪ½ҵĲؾ󣿡
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607 Ѫ
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½Ϣ¡Ц½ڵϢͻȻƽϢϵϢ˲ʧӰ٣ǾվǰԶӦĻ»ΪʲôҲûС
ٽƱˣ֤Ѿ˴ϣ͵½ֹ׷ɱɣ
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飬̳ĺõӰ
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ȻѾ¶ˣ壬Ҳ쳷ˣʱ½߿ɾˡ
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Ӱħ½ҵܲӣô½ƿ£Ѿ˽˵в֪Ϊ˶ټ˵顣
֮ǰ½һֱ½ҵĴϣܶ鶼½ѹȥ⼸꣬ϵλûˣֵ˰֫ħ½λ½ӶʱͲù
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ʰˣ߰ɣһһҪԭصĵصϾˡ
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ҹ˾ʱ֣½ھ˸ղŴģԱָֻ֮һƬƽ͵գʱһӰϢĴӿлڣ뵽һС
ûȥĵƣǵӰôĵڷĹ﷭ʲôƺһʮֵ˹Ӿֱ⡣

ʱ಻ԶһϵͻȻ


608 ѪƵ
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ղŵ˵ӰģȻ˵֮˵ҲѾСˣ͸ԵĲϢ
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λߵһź룬ܶ½һĺߣ½Ǳ½ݵ˻ҪһˣȻ½ҲҪһ
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Ȼǰһλ½ƺûʲô𱰵Ĺ˺ߵòֻ֮ЦЦ۾ȴס˺ǰǸκӡ
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һʼ˵Ѫ񹦣һţóһ֤ݳҲǲôԸţ㷿䷢ѪƵһĸݡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬½˵ȻǹŨŨѪ̼֮ЩָǸӣ½˶Ķ书κһ书㶼ΪʲôҪѡѪ񹦣
ٺ٣ô书ѵѧϸһɣȻ޷һ㣬Ȼеѧؼкã
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½һ˿̣˿̵ɫʧˣ·ûгָֹֻƽɫ
Ѫӡ书̥Ѫ񹦣ķʽȻЩ󣬵Ѫ̷ǳĲ̣ҪɼϺӳѹڷڷӿѪͻᾫѪбҶ
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Ѫ֮Բ̣Ḻ́ɱӤиȡʵϺӳΪֲ˵ʽֵܵļ巴ԡ
ʱѪ񹦵Ǹ֣һӴа̣ΪѪ̣ǵһ˵ѪӽķʽޱȵĲбǲɷϣλѪӽ书ȷѾ˻
ʹļ𼶱ͬʱ֣ҲλѪӽƽ֣½ұչصλͬʱǼΪ𼶸ͬʱ֣˸κβλѪӽ
Ѫֵϴ³׵ɢѪ񹦵Ľͽ׷ɱκп֪Ѫܵ˶ˣѪ񹦵ؼҲ½ҳ׵ķ
֮Խ½ҵ˱Ѫ񹦣Ϊ½ҵ۷徳ִûжϾҲһѻ½Ҳܴǧʱ䣬һֱ졣
ѪôаȻķʽиͣҲǳĲ˵ǲɷϴ书Ҳһž֮½ҺҲ˲ϵȥоѪ񹦣ΪҳѪ񹦾ٵܡ
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ѪӡͬҲȱݣ־㹻ǿѪӡȴǿԻòƵĺôԱѰ֮˻ǿܶࡣ
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ΪѪӡıȽϳɹˣ½Ϣ¡һһ˾½ˣҲǿŽӰħѪӡߵΪӰħһ
½Ϣ¡ΪļӣȻѧ˺ܶѪӡĹؼţʵҲԶһӰħԱҪǿ󣬿ϧ½
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609 Ѫħ
ʵ½ҺʷУûȥѪ񹦣˶øˣѪӡҲһֱŸոоӣûκεĽ
Ϊ½ҵЩǰǷһĵطǾԽѪ񹦣ľͻԽӵķƣеɱҲԽԽǿƺҪһ㡣
ֻҪһʱ䣬ȥѪ񹦵飬ͻƽջָǰӡ
֪Ѫ񹦼ʹǲ򶼻Ӱ쵽˵ԣ½ҵЩǰ̾;а书׵ķҲκȥ򣬳ǵõ˳ϻͬſԡ
½࣬ǵõ˳ϻһͬ⣬Ժ츳ԵֵѪ񹦴Ӱ죬ԲȥѪ񹦣Ϊͻƻһľ顣
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һŽܼ֮䴫˳Ѫɫι½ϣʱ½Ľ˼󲽡


610 
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½½Ҵ˼ʮ꣬书ļʶȻʮģֻǿһ¶ı֪ó书΢΢Ʋͷһ½м˵㻹վԶãñǽֵľˣ
½ȥһԿŰɣ϶Ѫӡжô棬϶Ȼ˵Ĳ񣡡
һЦ½վһȥ֮󣬽һ٣Ѿt֮һ㳯½˹ȥΪ޴ı֮ʱһʮĴӡ
ǼͻƣǸ½ɱˣ
½յһ£촽Ӱħǣ˫һչҹһ࣬ϢԷеĳԱҪǿˣ½Ȼǵһ
䣡
һը죬½Ѿһ


611 ·
˽ֵʱ½ӰħҲͬʱȥƹڽսĶˣűŵĳԱǳ˹ȥ˫ûнӽʱĺڵѾӰħǵ˳˶еıųԱ
Ӱħƽʱѵɱ˺ִ񣬿˵ֲִֻӣֻһļǶѧϰͬʹõİ
͵һ֣ӰħǿûʲôƽͷƵƵֻ֣ҪܻɱʹʲôʽУûгжϡ
ڱųԱҲһˣĵҲöˣֵŶԸĵ˾ûмģƽʱѵͰȥԸЩ书ǿа֮ˡ
½˵˲Զվһ¾Ŀڼҽֵ½࣬ľ磬Ĵãϸǲ֪ȳ˶ٴӡ
书֮ģһ˸ֽˣͷ·һһ㣬ߵƻȫûչΧ˼
½Ѫӡ֮ɢŵѪɫ⵭Ѫɫȴʮֵľ裬ûʲôҪʱǾԲȥЩѪɫġ
½ʱЩսӰħͱųԱУȻϸĹâּͶµ¹һ˿⣬ʧӰ
һĻȻˣ½ȴȫûע⵽עȫڽֵ½ϣϸϸĹâҪʱһӰϢĵǰ
һֱ֮ͨ󣬿Ӷʱһһ㣬һһӾֱӽâӵһߣƣƣö˲ԶĶϡ
Ϣʱ䣬ԭ֦ҶïĴҶӾͿήˣʼµ·ǰһ㡣
ðԵĶԣ
˾ҵĶԣȻ˲ʴһжôǿҵĶԲܰ쵽öﵽ½ϣö˵ģ½̶ȣǿ޷ѹôҵľ綾ġ
һֱ󣬷ǲ룡
½Ҳ˿һ۱ѾήĴ壬Ҳһ£ղžǱеĿΪ½ʵǷǳαרɳ˳Ա½ֹܵ˺
½ӰħǲСθǹĿɶǱųսľԱû뵽Ȼһʱ仹òӰħЩˣ½ҵʵҪˡ
¶һ˿صɫǰһƬսЩεҡҡͷ
Ӱħڵʵǲ½ҿӰħǽ⣬Щ˰ִЧʲڱ֮£ѪӡǴѪм򻯳ģҲǲ
½ҡҡͷҲһ˿صɫ
ڼҽսʱǱѾһǳƫƧɽͷ뿪½нһʮ·;ṦˣʱڻϲôңԶĵط
ﻹһ˶ûУȻȻɵģԵ޹һܵôԶĵطָʾˣѫˡ
ѫյ鱨ҲǷǳֻ֪ҹʮֻħ̵ҪﵽˣҪţµĻ£µĻҲҪȡ鱨
Ŀĵ֮Ĵ۲һɽͷûʲôεĵط˲ԶһᲱ⣬ΧһƬǿյģûв˵ĵط
΢˼һһᲱԱߣϸĴһϵ֨ѽһ͵ϣļ֦ⶼ£˹һãֵǸ֦ϡ
ĵȺ˵ͬʱӽָͳ˸߷αװߣòıһ֦ϣϢԽԽձ˿ˡ
ʱ仺ţҲ𽥵ȥˣᲱµӰҲڲϵƶʱһ΢紵˹һӰϢľͳɽͷϣһŮˡ
Ů˴һϯɫɴȹ沿Ҳһɫɴͷһ߸ߵķ٣һӣ羹Ȼȫ͹ŴŮͬ
΢ĵŮϵҲĴƮɢĵᲱϵŵˣһʮֺŵĻ㣬Ȼ㣬Ǿ˻֮մȾʮֵµš
Ůӵ֮ûʲôٶôĵվ֪ЩʲôȻڵ˹ʱȥ˲ʮӣһ˿ٻ
һ֪һҲˣûתͷȥΪŵᲱɲǲ̫ʵһʲôһ춯˱˵עǿɾˡ
һ֮һķıСˣȻ˽ٶȣܿǸ˾͵ɽ֮ϣʱ΢磬һ
ıһᣬüͷʱΪ֮ǰǸŮϵкԵ𣬲ȻĻ㣬зǳеζˮ
ʦôô磿
Ǹһſڣ˾ͽ㣬ѹˮζôôϤԭ˾ͽϲˮƽʱȥѧУʱҲˮ
ֻǸʱѧУ̫ŮӶˮһʱҲûעϸڣºڷߵСɽͷϣ˾ͽϵˮζͱΪԣǺǸΪʦŮ˶Աע⡣
ʦҲǸû˶ˡ
ŮһЦع˾ͽһۣ˵ڱ˼ҵѾͷ˴ƽ֣
ǵģʦ书Ǻһǳ˾澭治һĶ֡
˾ͽ˵ͷдһ˿ζ
һ˵˱䵽ڵͬʱʧˣ
Ůʵ
ţͽΪ̫֮ЩѹƲסˣˣǸͲ֪ôˡ
˾ͽüͷһ˵
ǸΪôǿƲôǿĺҲǺˣûʲôϡģ⵹Ǽ򵥶ˡ
Ůҡҡͷ̾˿˵
ʦûϵģҶһֱþ澭ĺѹֻ֮ҪҲû
˾ͽ΢΢һЦһɵӡ
ɵӣ֮Ҫôļ򵥣ͲӹЩʮ궼ûлȥˡ
ŮεһЦĿǰо澭ѹ֮壬ʱڻʲô⣬ʱ䳤ǾͲ˵ˡ


612 Ѫ
ɽǰ·ͷȻֱʦԺԺ˵ɣڲüЩ飬ˣʦʲô飿˵ûʲôҪʱҲҪ׵ʦ𣿡
飬˾ͽȻҲЩ䣬æת˻֮˾ʵ
ҲǣڻҪô࣬ȵʱ˵˵ǸʱתҲýʾ֭ȥ취ˡ
ŮЦЦ󻺻ǰһ˾ͽһ˿ӵɫʦҪ˵زܸˣɱ֮
ʲôôѽʦ
˾ͽɻĿŮʵ
ʦ̵澭Ҳʮˣʦʱ㻹һСŮ֪֮ʲôʱʦ˵ʱ㻹ʦ˽ƭӡ
Ů΢΢һЦͻȻ˵˵顣
ѽʦǸʱ˼ҲͱЦ˼ˡ
˾ͽ㲻
ããʦ˵ˣôʦж㲻õĵط
ŮӰ˰֣ϱһ࣬Щصʵ
ʦôͻȻôʣЩʦҵĽ̵֮û
˾ͽֵ˵һ˿ɻ
ʦ书ʱ㲻Ҫôֱ࣬Ϊֹ㶼֪ʦ䣬Ҳ֪ʦδ֪ʦʦҪһж㡣
Ůӵ˵ͷ˾ͽĻشҲ¶һ˿ԵЦ⣬Ȼ˾ͽͽܻǷǳġ
ʦ˵ͽϴ֤Բ⴫֡
˾ͽ˵ͷҲ¶һ˿ȤɫҪ˵ʦ棬ǿ϶Ǽٵģʦо֮ûеõʦ£ҲԶüȥʦ
½ҳһЩ飬ҲһЩ֪ħ̺ܿҪسˣʦȻħˣǺħҲǧ˿ƵĹϵһħ̺֮ǰսʦҲ⡣
΢΢̾˿Ůӻ˵
ʲôʦħйϵ
˾ͽէϢʱȵĺ˰벽С죬ȵ˵
ʦٻݦû˵ɣ
ŮƽĿ˾ͽ˵
ٻݦͽû˵֡
˾ͽϸĻһҡҡͷ˵ȻҲ书ǵڴг󣬾һЩӴԼ˽⣬ǱϾܶʲô鶼š
ʦֵȷǲôѪӵţ㶼š
Ů΢΢һЦûнͽ֪䣬ֻƽļ˵ȥ
ѪӣʦѪӣ
˾ͽ㿪ʼһЩɻ󣬵֣һ¸ǾȵĽ˵Ĳһ˿֡
ʮǰѪӺճһ֮ɨаڣǽĶնɱƮȻȥа֮ˣȻûһ˿赲
ΪʱѪѾһ쾳֣аȫ£Ҳֻһ쾳֣ǸʱƫƫڱչأԵаûһܹ赲Ѫӣɱ˸췭ظ
ӱչгаﻪŶӵʬŭһնɱѪӣΪԼĶӱ
ûãﻪ뿪аڣ̤ѰѪӵ·;УаڵʵҲǿˣϾҲ쾳ߣȻǿĶ࣬Ҳ͵ˡ
ĴϢ֮£ﻪѰҵѪӵıչ֮ҽѪӶ˸ţ˳˼ۺ죬ҪʲôֱӾͿʼ򶷡
һսķǳĲңյĽǶﻪѪ֮䲻֪ȥһֱΪѪȻ뿪սֳҲڱΪزε򲻻ô궼ûһϢġ
ڵѪΪʲôҪֻɱаڣ˵ΪﻪĶӶɱһŮӣŮӵʱٻݦͽԬֻǸʱٻݦʮֵĵ͵ͽԬҲǺܶ˶ʶ
һ˵ӵܣһڽżԬ֮󣬶ʱΪˣ漴չҵ׷ƣԬϲ٬ĶԾܾ֮㲻ᶫ
ĸĶô׾ͷȥϵ˼λڵĸ֣һƫƧĵطסԬ漴һΧԬڶй֮ЩŵĵҲһԬ
뿪ʱûɱԬֻǴͷ֮뿪ˣǷйʱԬֻƬ֪˶˵ݡ
ľƣԬصٻݦ֮󣬽ԭԭĸʦ˵Ҫһ˾һðҹʱ֣ٻݦȥԬʱ򣬲ŷԬѾԶϾ
ⱲһôһͽܵٻݦԬעѪ˵ǱŮ࣬һδ˵ٻݦҲͰԬԼŮԬôˣٻݦβ
Ԭ֮ٻݦ䣬һаڣɽſһֱɱɽϣֻҪǳǰаڵӣһɱնɱ
аڵ˵һŮħͷ˾ɱʮײУľɽȥˣаڻᱻٻݦɱ
նаڵĶٻݦ˳ϵɽſڴȫľ͹ͷȻôаڵɽ֮ϣһյĹ
ʱֵǷзٻݦ֮ǰûʲôһγ˵о⸱֣ѪӵţҲ˵ʱŷɥŮħͷ
˾ͽ飬Ҳʱ˾ۻʱүү˵ģʱֻǵһûʲôֱӵĸܣǸеŮħͷȻվǰҲʵ˾ͽеܲˡ
ȻٻݦӺŮħͷôߣǱϾ˵Ӱٻݦɱ֮أҲеģʵһˣֶᡣ
ȷʵ˵Ѫš
˾ͽеľ֮ɫٻݦûʲôɫ֮飬˭еħͷվǰʱҲᵭȥġ
ţǰүүǼ¡
˾ͽС˵ЩŵĴٻݦٻݦ׵İҲɱˡ
ʱǼµȷǴıȽϹ㣬ҵİô˶ǸٸһλᣬһǻԥɱǸ
Ǽ£ٻݦϵϢȻһ䣬һ֮ɱϱ˳ŵ˾ͽʱˣע⵽һ㣬ٻݦϵɱ¶һ˿Ǹɫʦ⸱ģŵ˰ɣ
ûû
˾ͽȻ˵û£ǻȴôҲ˵ԽԽСҲ˵


613 ɼ
֪ʦΪʲôʵ˰ɣʦ¶̫ľţ޷澭
ٻݦ̾˿ε˵
ʦ
˾ͽҲʶڵΪЩףѪٻݦϾ˵ӰҪ˵һ㶼£ҲǲܵģղŵһжֻʶΪѣĶٻݦʲô뷨
ٻݦ֮ѪϴаڣҲΪΨһ缺ͽԬٻݦһᵭӣôͻȻԴ󷢣ֱɱаڡ
Ҫ֪ʱٻݦ쾳ʱ򣬶ûʲôɼֶͲںһλ쾳ֵǿ󣬸ûһ
ûϵʦ֪ЩʲôеĴԵȷǰʦЩħˣէ֮¶ųˣڿ¶ѾĶ˰ɣ
ٻݦ΢΢һЦҡҡͷʦҪ˵һħ̵ҪسˣһλħҪǿʦҲС
ʦôħ̵ʲôǣأ
˾ͽ㼱еʵٻݦѪϴаڣΪٻݦһʮִŮӣ෴ٻݦߴʮʱ䣬ٻݦƷʮ˽ġ
ղȻҲһǲʶķӦѣ˾ͽĵʵ뷨ĵ˵ٻݦ𾴺ͰҪԶԶһ˿µġ
֮رչأѰĶﻪţ˴սһʵȽϽӽ˶ﻪһΪʱȷǺͶﻪΪһЩҵ˾ħ̵ˡ
ٻݦ̾˿ҡҡͷ
ʲôħ̵˾Ȼˣ
˾ͽ㾪ĵɴ۾ƺʲôϡ顣
ɵӣ㲻Ϊħ̵˶ħ֣˾ɱĲбĹɣ
ٻݦҡҡͷ˵ħ̵ˣȻһΪյӰ죬ȷʵЩбǴ˻ǱȽģֻǿΪЩƫЩĸǣǺûκε𡣡
ΪʲôħһҶôأ½Ѿȫ汸սˣͬҲȥ֪ͨ׼ͬˣһ𿹺ħ̵Ĺ
˾ͽֵ˵
ǶΪǰĶԹһĳޣڵʿһЩĺħвɻޣ
ٻݦε˵ʿΪħйҵɱȻħ̵̧ͷˣȻúħ̾һսˣҪɡ
ʦУ»˶ᰡ
˾ͽ㼱е˵ϣʱսʱٻݦΪħ̵Ķ֣ȻǵɹУǸʱҲģϾ˾ͽң˾ͽǾԲܺħʲôġ
ʱ򣬴˾ͽҲ֪ٻݦΪʲôˣ¾ս֮ǰƲϵõʱ˵Ĺϵ۵˾ͽңϾħ˫飬Ǽ򵥵һͿ˵ġ
ʦҲû취˶о֮Ҳܾôһ֮ڽɼʹʦ书Ѿ쾳Ҳʲôʲôġ
ٻݦεҡҡͷ̾˿
ʦǲʲôֽţ㣬в㣿
˾ͽæʵħ̵ֶ֪һЩģϾִеڣħ̵ͲǵһγˣÿһγֵʱħܻڳһЩķƽͽصΪ
˵ˣҲﲻʲôæʦ֮±ȣҲǸ޷֮ʱ˰˶ҩʱýҩĻֻܻһ£컹Դ󷢣ͻṦɢ
ٻݦҲڱ˵УҲ˿ơ
ħ̻ûʽɽٻݦûнӵħ̵ȥΪһս϶ǲѵģһλ쾳ĸ֣ħ̵⣬ǾԲὫٻݦһԲܲʵġ
οٻݦһѪӵţħ̵ʸǷϣʱһٳ϶벻ĺ䶯ϾѪӵĴŵĺܶᶼᡣ
ô
˾ͽٻݦѾħ̵˿ƣʱһԭֱţʱҲûʲôõİ취԰ٻݦϾħܹ쾳ֵҩ϶ǲô򵥵ģ쾳ֻˡ
ûһ쾳ֵʵǼ򵥵ģ츳ȵȶǳ͵ûЩʣͨ˸Ͳܽ׵쾳ԶԸ쾳ĸ֣ħ̵˿϶֮׾ٵľʲô
ٻݦ˾ͽ̸ڲԶᲱϵһŵ˾;˾ͽЩԾȻϰô书ѹڵ֮ίһǲʲôصδ֪
ڵȻ˾ͽ㱳˾ٻݦ쾳ˣֻٻݦһ˵ĻͺðˣҪȥ㱨һȻһٻݦĵϸˡ
ǼȻٻݦѾǣħ̵ˣħ̵ĸֳûˣǾͲò취ӦһǰˣҪ֪һ쾳ĸֿǺѵõսܹȡǷǳġ
ʹǱź½ǿҲԲ쾳̫࣬Ǻ޲ȫ쾳ֲźá
ĬĬ˼һȨ֮£˾漴΢΢۾˿һϢҲϿʼɢ˳ȥ
˭
Ϣһ֣̾ͱٻݦӦˣԭƽ͵Ϣʱ仯һ֮ĺǵصĸᲱϢϮ£Ჱ֦Ҷ̾ԵĿή
ȥֻҪٹƬ̣Ჱͻʧ
Ѫӣô󶯸ɸ꣬Ҳûʲô⣬ҪصĻҲֲңȻ¶ϢҪº̡
һЦᲱϴ˳һɫӰ಺һ֦Ҷһ̾Ѿվٻݦ˾ͽĲ棬Ǹͷ֮
˾ͽ㾪ȵĿֱǰŷĴڣղŸ˿ĸӦûУٻݦھ˭ʱһã֪ʲô顣
쾳
ٻݦ۾ʱ΢΢ɢӵŨˣڵѾȫ߶ϵɢԽԽ졣
ʲô쾳֣
˾ͽһԾȵס죬û뵽ǰİӣȥҲ󣬶ҲͺӣȻѾһλ쾳ĸ֣
;Ѿ׵쾳ˣΪֹҲ˵һ˶ѣ


614 
Ҫ֪׵쾳ʱǿǾŴˣϾ쾳֣˶ǵһ˵ʷжûм͵ʱͽ׵쾳֪жôѡ
ǰȻֳһλ쾳ĸ֣ٻݦ׿˵ģ˾ͽɲΪʱٻݦʲô˼Ц
ôĶ֣˾ͽﶼе㿪ʼˣĪڵĶѾײһôֵǮĳ̶ˣ
˭
ٻݦûôľȣ˵һλİ쾳֣вǺ棬²ĻǾֻһܹ뿪ˡ
Ӳ˳嶯µԻ˵ĸǣô֮ʲôᡣ
˰֣΢΢һЦǿԳƺΪۣԱţ֮ԻΪ˾ͽСԭ򡣡
Ϊңʲôʱ򱻱Ŷˣ
˾ͽһͷˮʲôȻҲжŵģϾ˾ͽҵҲСԻĵǿȻһ˽⣬û뵽ᱻŵ˶ϡ
ʵҲ뵽ҪȥһϾŵ˴ȱʵսԺܶŶĺӵ˱УĥǵԺ书
ǺΪ˾ͽ⣬־֮صʣһþпʱ±Уڼļ֮£ûм뱣š
ΪڱУʱпʮֵּ񣬼ʹȫԸп޷˾ͽ㻹Ҫֳһֹѹڵ֮
֮Զ㣬Ϊĸѧѧ˾ͽҾеģԱžһ㱳󾿾ʲôǿܹóϡеѧΪˡ
ȻѾ˾Ҳûʲôˣ󷽷˵ɣҾ½ӵԽŻ
ҵıûʲôصѧ书Ҳʦڸҵģûʲôòġ
˾ͽüͷ壬˵
֪Ѿ⿪ˣҪ˵ͺѪйˡ
˵ͷתٻݦ΢΢һЦѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ǶҪǸղ˵ĻҶˣһһ
ʲô飿
ٻݦû˾ͽô˵۾ĶڵɹעȫʱܷһԷȻᣬǱϾҲһ쾳֣ɲġ
Խ쾳֣ԽҪСĶԴΪζмߵԺʣѧһϵҲԶ˵ģȻٻݦ鳤һЩҲ˵һܹӮ
ӸղԣѾħ̵ĸֳ룬˶ҩסˣÿ¶ýҩͻᶾʱǷʵ
ƽЦ
ȷʵˣΣ
ٻݦ̲ʵ
ûʲôҾӣ벻볹׵İħ̵Ŀƣʹ˺ħ̵ۣͬΪѪӣ
һ䡣
ߣȻħ̵ĿƣȻħ̵˾ңʱ֣ݶ͵ˣħ̵ҩǳһķϱ޷Ҳûʲô취
ٻݦҡҡͷ
Ӳǣ˵ϻ˭ܹ⿪ħ̵Ķҩôһڱ֮У˵֮˭аգôһˡ
һЦ
ȻʵʵѾ׵쾳Ҳ˵󻰣Сķͷħ̿Ƶ쾳ֿɲֹһô˶ûħ̵Ŀƣƾʲô˵ԣ
ٻݦҲûôúƣüͷʱ΢
Ȼڻ֪Ӿʲôҩ֮޷ǶЩֶΣֻҪжҩһнҩֻûȥƽѡ
ЦûΪٻݦɶʮƽʵ֪ӿ˵ط
طĴҵȻ˵껹Եҽһ棬˵ҽ˰㣬Ѿܶ궼ûгֹˣпѾˡ
üһٻݦ¶һ˿ɻɫȻɻʱطԭ
Ǿͺðˣ֪Ϊطɷаս⿪еĶҩ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
ҽΪƵĻûʮʮİգΪҲ߳ңϧҽѾѶȫޣ֪ҪȥѰңѰҽΪҽⶾˡ
ٻݦ΢˼һ̧ͷɻʵôʣĪҽھڱ֮У
ȻǣҽѾˣǰ˼ҾѾȥˡ
ҡҡͷҽĴطѾңڵʵȻ˵ȵҽҲ̫ԶҿʩչطΪⶾ
ʲôѧҽĴط
һ⻰ٻݦҲɵľȵĵɴ۾طһʮ˲طܹϰطˣ˵û˵缲ͲʹԸϡŹֵĶҩҲжƷ
ȴͳԽҩȥ⿪ҩķطͲҪô鷳ֱӽҩȫİȥҪҩĴڡ
ȻطҲžԵģûнҩô㣬ҶʩߵΪҪʮ֮ߣŶҩԵԼӳ̶ȣʩߵΪҪ쳣Ŀ̡
˵һ˾˴طҲûǸ˽⿪ڵľ綾ÿһ˶ԣطߵľ硣
ҵȷ˴ط
˵ͷֱ΢΢ɫ⻪һһССİѾУһʮССʱ
֮£ʮɿĴٶȿֻ˵⣬ܷ·֯һɫľ޼룬˶˽ȥ
Ϣ֮룬һʱȻԶɻصİڣ͸ղųʱķλû˿ƫɼѾϸһʮֿµĳ̶ȡ
ȻĴط͵ҽʩչһģһȷǵõҽ洫
ٻݦ˵ͷڵջ˵ֵѹҲʧˣҽǾԲôҪطĴ֮˵ġ
ȻܹõҽƷԸǷǳģȻˣٻݦҲûбҪһֱŵˣҴӸղֵڣһֱʮ̹ϵ̬ȣҲٻݦĲ١
Ȼǵ̸֮¶˴طʲôҪ̸ˣ
ջ֮ٻݦٶȻָǰǵ飬ƽʵ


615 ĵ
µȷҪ飬ֻЩΣգ֪ԸԸ⡣
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ҲµĲĻħ浱ӦΪʱħ̵Ϣɣ
ٻݦȻǲ²ϵѾʮ˵֪ʵ顣
ʵǺȻһ㣬ڵٻݦ˵Ψһñֵû˼ĵطħ֮Уŵı֮Ϊħ̴˺ܳʱ䣬ηҲûʲô̫⡣
˵ٻݦһλ쾳һ㣬ڱ˵Ȼܹһλ쾳ֺܺãûеĻҲʲôźϾ˵һλ쾳ĸֻ𲻵Եá
ӹȻǴˣҲЩֻۣҪԵħ֮УΪʱħ̵¶̬㱣żħ̵ҾͿȫΪӳԽ⿪ڵľ綾ʹӵ԰ĥܵĿƣػ֮
˵ͷˬЦǸʱҲͿԺ˾ͽСžˣ׵۹⣬ӰĻӵԣȥͿˣûʲô̫Ӱ졣
ֻһ֮ʣܲܺһҪһϾһħԵףҵĴʮֵΣˣһħ̵ĴӪ֮УһʲôҿɾҲˡ
ٻݦ΢΢ҡҡͷһشľɲһʱܾģɲͨԵףֱڸƵħϸտɲһĴ
ǰаս⿪ʦڵĶҩ𣿡
˾ͽʱһʵЩħ̺֮ķĵٻݦڵĶҩܱܲ˵ûʲô̫Ӱ죬Ҳȥġ
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ٷ֮ٵİղ˵˵Ҳŵģֻܱ֤һ߾Ϊӽ⿪ڵĶҩ
΢΢ҡҡͷɲѻ˵Ͼ֪ٻݦʲôҩȻҳŵʲôֻٻݦķУûκεİ
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Ļ˾ͽʱתͷٻݦϣĿѾֱĵ뷨ϣٻݦŻȡħ̵鱨⿪ڶҩĻᡣ
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ȻˣͽԶʦһҲҪֿ
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ʦһħ̵еΣǲ֪ϸпܶȲڶ⿪һ죬Ѿħ̵˸ɱˡ
ٻݦ¶һ˿οЦݣȻ˾ͽĻĴͦģħ֮УıСУκε˷ˣȴ³·һ
ǰʦԸȥħԵףΪǻȡħ̵鱨ǿʲô취ʦ
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˾ͽС㣬ǲܵģħڲȼɭϣҪڲǺѵģΪѾħ̴˺ܳʱ䣬ȡħ֮˵ΣƣǵҪӣǷǳġ
ҡҡͷǵǱħڲϵֻ֮ױ¶ӣҪӣһĸֻʸҲҪ쾳ϵĸֲС
ѵŻȱ쾳ĸ𣿡
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Ȼǣ쾳ĸϡ٣໥ʶĿԷǳ֮һܻܿͶǲ׵־ġ
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ŵ˿׵Ĵħ̵ڲԸħ̾ͲôˣΪħڲȼʮֵɭϣǱпܻᱻʶƣʱֻν
˵ˣҪǱħ̲ô׵ģħҲÿζһƽˣǶԸЩʮƵķ֮ô׾ܳɹġ
ٻݦ΢΢һЦסҪ˵Щʲô˾ͽ㣬֪˾ͽս⿪ڵĶҩʦͽ˾ͿԴһ𣬲һֱֿҪ׵۹⡣
϶źܴΣԣһ㲻˵ҲǺģͬջĶҲʮֵķҪ֪ʷܹħ̿ƵˣΪֹǻûгֹ
ٻݦ˵ΨһĻˣҺ˴طпܽ⿪ڵĶҩ֮⣬ķǲܵģõҩҲ΢΢ɣ
еĶҩΪĵħƳɹҩҩֻнУκ˵жֻжҩнҩĴڣÿǶҪʱȥȡҩУʱ򡣡
ٻݦҡҡͷ
ֽҩֻʱڵĶԣȵҩЧ֮ͱ·ýҩܳѹڵĶԲֻα겻αķ֪ǽпг׽ĵĽҩ
һ䡣
ҾͲˣ˵ĵǽĶҩҲнҩİɣȻƳҩƳҩ˵ҲǺѵ顣
ٻݦҲûʲôգϾ漰ħ̽أɲ״ġ
нҩҲܰĿħ̽ϣԴ׵õҩħ̶˵ҲͲʲôˣ׾ٵľͿ԰ħ̳׵Ļ
˵ͷҲֻôһʶѣûܹħ̽ϵõǻĵĽҩˣûа취һöĵ
ҪǶҩʲô
ٻݦʱ΢΢һ㶡
Ȼоĵеĳɷˣֻ֪ĵƳģƽİղŻԽ󣬵ȻˣܵõĻĵٺòˡ
΢΢һЦ
ĻĵûпˣȻһֶҩƵĴɲƣʹħҲûжٻĵҪЩ쾳ĸãЩʵϲˣøĵƵġ
ٻݦ˼һ΢΢ҡҡͷ¶һ˿ɫ
ĵĵԭƽڵĵҩֹһ֣ħ̽ҲʮֹصˣôöԸİ
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ÿһħ̽Ǿž֮Ҫ۲Ǻ츳˿Щ֮£Ҳûа취ƿӴħˡ
ٻݦ˵ͷȻ˵


616 һ
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˼һͷٻݦ΢΢һЦ
һȥҪúõĿһ˵Ӱܴ󣬲ô׾ġ
ٻݦҲ˵ͷûоܾҲûֱӴӦϾ鲻һʱģҲ֪Բ٣ᣬҲûлħ̵Ŀˡ
ãôӻȥúÿһʲô뷨ҪϵҵĻֻҪͿˣ˵۾ˡ
һ룬һͶɽ¼ȥһʧȥӰ
˲򵥣Ѿ쾳˴طҪٳһλҽˡ
ٻݦȥıӰ˼˵
֪ʲôʱһλôǿˣʵҸоҪǿ󡣡
˾ͽҲüͷ壬Щɵӡ

ٻݦתͷ˾ͽһۣŷӦ˹˵ǸڱϽ׵쾳ˣ˵Ҧźܲ򵥵Ĺϵ
ǸҦ˵ѣҦοǰһ˲õֻҪٹһʮ꣬ʵؽ֮С
˾ͽ˵ͷһ˿ӵɫ
ҪĻ˿Ҧ֮µģֻûҦͷ¶ȥΪһλǣûҦķ棬ûκҦ˵ĵط
Ҧҵһλѣȴֱɻǵ״̬һΪޣȻǰûдӵ׷ǺһȣЩ˾߹һ㣬ֱ֮
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ţǻȥ׼ҲӴһҦңȻҦҵʵǱҲû̫ƣǾ˺ɡ
˾ͽһ˿⣬һ˵ԼķѿأҪҦ˸߳࣬ϾҪ׼ӹ˾ͽҵˣҦ˸ȥ̫Ĺʼ飬Ȼûġ
ˣȻȥɣʦҲ̫ܳãǵĻɣȵпеʱʦϵģңһҪעⰲȫ
ٻݦ˵ͷ˾ͽһһչһӰû˺󷽵ɽּ䣬һĹ֮ҲʧȥټյɽͷϾʣһվŵ˾ͽ㡣
һ˾վһ˾ͽĬĬ˼һղŷ飬Ѱ˼˾ͽβε˳л棬ԼܿΣ֮̾˿ٵ뿪ˡ
ٻݦԼ˾ͽֿ֮󣬿ٵĳŷŴķ˹ȥߵ˵شĽչֻٻݦ˾Ϳʼһϵеļƻ
ȻһȻޱĸ߱ŵˣļƻƶԼ飬ȻǽŵȥִܺУûȤʱ仨Щط
Ͼ˵ҪǾĻָڵΪ̤·һвΪЩ׼ѡ
ŴľԽԽʱɽּ䲻Զһҵľɢּ仹ԼԼĴǵİһĲҺʹ
ʱɽּģֵˣ˱š½Һ½Щͽ⣬ҲͲ˵ĿˣϾ½ΧԾʿ˵ϵǽˣһ£ûж˸ҵҰġ
˼һ̱任˷һչͳǸȥһĹ˽սĳظܵľѾ˺ܶ࣬л˿˿ƵζȻǰ˷Ŷ
൱ļңʮӰּػصĴ󣬲ǵĽּΣлӰ󷨵ķʽǰ廹ǺˣǺ·˿ҵĸо
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һߣһ½ӰħˣΪʩչǰѪӡʩչѪӡɱ½Ƿǿˣ֮ĸҲǰé
뵽˻ȡ鱨һ˼ȻǰߵݣӰħֱ½顣
Ȼ½ʵǿһ书ҲģϴκһսĶЩ֮ʵٶһ̨ס
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Ҫķʵ˵ܼ򵥣ҪԷ֮Ϣֱӽķ·ƣҪıĽѧп
½Ȼû书Ȼƾľ飬ʹ书ĺ书ˣֱڶûʩչȻûа취ʩչġ
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һֱ½߱ȫĿҲŵ궪ǣѾӽǵߣǾȻûвһɲǼ쾳־Ժ
׼ҪǸظ֮ǰ½ߵʱ½˵ĻӲıͣȻ˶ʶġ
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һʱ䣬ֻɫӰһּĸطʵԲһЩ˿ͷ·ͬʱʮһͬʱЩӰħ˳ˡ
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Ļ䣬Ѫɫ˿֯۵Ӱͻأĳ˳룬ǵٶȿľˣȸղʩչٶȻҪ죬·ɲǼôˣûǴӺζ
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һֱӵǰ֮½Ҳսֱһ˵λѪɫ۵Ӱԣֶ
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ĵȷѪӡò˵½ҵȱ֮Уд˻ǲ٣ȻԴѪָ߼书ʵ˲ò
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618 ҪЮ
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һƶ½˵ûʲô˺ǸѪɫ۵˾Ͳһˣһͬʱ緢ǿ½ͬʱȴһǿĹ
һƱֱܳӹ˽ߵѪɫ֮ˣͷһţ˵ĸľ;ֱ˹ȥȻ֮߳ɢȴ쳣ľˡ
磬ͲַҪŪľ춯ءưܸӾ޴ˣǿ԰ѹĸͬԽСԽǿ
쾳ڵ̬ΪҺ̬֮󣬱;ǿҲŸΪĲͬ仯ģʵԽǿˣȻƵҲԽǿ
Ѫɫ֮Ҳ˵ãȻ仯Ѿ˵Ŀ죬ķӦҲ˿ɿݵвһɾƣηٵĺ˿
ں˵ͬʱִӶ֮Ʊ仯̵ӣĵﴦ֮ǰסСһɭѪɫϴ˳ɢ֮߳
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Ȼڴ֮ͥ½ףҲû׼ʲôϣʵҪģ㹻ʵ֮󣬾Ͳþκ˵ˡ
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ħ̣ܸʲô
ȻһЦҪʲôʲôҲܷ㣬Ϊʲôö˶˵Ҫħأ
ҪĶħһԸ㣬һɣʲôͿԸʲôûôĹأʵǿֻҪ㹻ǿͿһ飡
˵ɤͻȻһ䣬ջ˵
ǲҪǰʹĺãʵ̫ͼˣѵ㻹Ϊòɣ
мҡҡͷĵЦȻһĹԸʵϲ˻࣬Ը쾳ĸֱ֣ǸЦ
ʵǿٹʮ꣬˵ͻΪľ֣ħ̵ĻһսǵһҪ㣬δʱͳ׵Ļٵ
ղɣͻȻָı˿ǣֱв
ߵһ죬ĿɲǱ˵ʴȣԼһֱƴɱ˽죬ɱңǾ;ɣǵҪһ˹ǽˣԶԶġ
νһЦɨһ۶Ѫɫ֮ˡ
ٺ٣˺ôĿСķͷ
һֱںûǸѪɫ֮ˣڳ˵һ䣬ȴһŮӵȻǸеͬɳƣԿͬĵط
󲻴Բ֪ˣ
ȤĴźǸѪɫ֮ˣ˴ͷβŶñò
Ҫʱˣ½ҵ֧Ԯܿ͵ˣǴ½뿪ˣͶ˰ɣ
ѪҡҡͷֹסҪ˵ЩʲôѪŮһЩ˵ڵϵӰħ˵ɫ˿ھΣ·ˡ
ħ̾ħ̣Щ˿ɶǵˣ˵ͷˣȥԺ˭ΪЧûõʱֱӱѹħΣÿһζղҰܶ
ҡҡͷʮֱĵ˵
ٺ٣ħпûôͬģԭʼȻǿ棡߾ֻܱڻңҪøǿʵҪȥƴȥƴս
ѪͬҡҡͷȨԼģǿ˵ʩ͸裬ͺһֻǿ˲ܸõȥҲߵһˣ
˵ƺеȻܸıͬʵУܲ뿪ƺ˵ģȻɱңȻǿ԰ȵ뿪
ʼ磬ǰһ˵
Ǻǣǣֱ½ҵľԮȻΧǣҪһץס𣿡
ѪͻȻһЦƺԤ׵΢΢һ࣬ӰѾ಺˲漸ŶԱڣ⼸ԱĪĵȥûзһ

üͷʱһ塣
ٺ٣ɲǼ򵥵İ˾綾ȻʵȻǿѹЩصģҪˣҪ׷أΪ⼸ѹڵľ綾
ѪյЦ㲻ǾԲͬôҪ׷ǿϾҪˣҪֿ㣬ûܹЩ綾ɢ
۾ʱ֪УȻѪһӣԼĻסԼѾﻢˣ滹ŵĳԱǿţ뿪ˣڱ˵УҲûжˡ
ǲǺѾЩڼΪʿĸ֮ˣħ֮˿뿼ôࣿȻѾˣǾ͸ɴˡ
Ѫʱ򶼻Ķƺı뷨Ϊ͹ҪѹЩ綾ҲúķѲٵԻǲҪ˷˰ɣ˵ǳ롣
ߣ
һϵƶȻ䱩ź⣬ĶŶǸѪС
ѽҪˣǻǸϽ˰ɣǱ߻ڵ½ȥأ
ѪһƺҪһսƣæкͷҲص뿪ˡ


619 Ѫ
ϵܡ
ĿѪ˴½뿪ˣ½ֹȴʲôҲû˵Ҳ֪²Ĵ
֮˵¹ͬλѪ˵һʱ˷̣ǰĴ˵ȻѪԼ½ȽҪǰ죬ô˿ţҲûа취һ֮
Ѫһ㣬׵ľǣסǵ뿪ħ֮˵ĻûôĹ˼ˣȫΪ
½ϸ磬û£ֻǴˣһΣһܲġ
Ŀһתͷ΢΢һЦҡҡͷߵǼѪд˶ڵıųԱߣӿʼΪơ
ʵҲҪΪ˵ȫǱŵĳԱʿ˵ľͲˣֱӶԸѪˣǱŵܲʣΪʱһŵĳԱ
ڲżΪϸļɺ͹ƶȣκʱ򶼲ܷͬ飬ڲѵ£һ֮ץǸѪˣҲⲻҪ֡
Ȩ֮£ֻ÷ѪˣȾ⼸жıųԱ˵
֣ǵôûΣգ
ʱ˹ﻹΪηģϾһ쾳ĸ֣ӵ˵Ӧúǰ½ȽϤҲͺһˡ
ǲϵܣϾ½רΪ½жҲ½ŵģϵҲ½һˡ
İɣȻϵĶԺңȻ˵ģҪܼˣҪһЩҩڵĶء
ҡҡͷÿһվʱѾѹЩڵľ綾ҪĽⶾҪȥʩΪһȻʲôʵĵط
ǾͺãǾͺã
һ⻰Ͼ¶һ˿ЦݣЩǸִεϲˣȻǲϣʲôˣ쾳ֲֳҲұ̫
ı֤һĲˣһξϰ£ĸоǰִʱ򻹴ûгֹ
Ϊ˵ʵѾƿصķΧ£ȻͲ̤ʵˣΪԸôǿĵˣȻ˵״Ҳ޷׵ƿˡ
ȴǷذɣȥطħ̵쾳ֿܹˣܵġ
˵ͷ˼֮Ϳּ䣬׷Ѫ뿪ķȥ
벻ħ̵ĽսûʽʼѾ˴ĸ֣һεսҲǲɰ
½̾˿ǰڰ૵˵
ˮڣħ̵ĸڶ࣬ǵĸҲ٣һ֣ʱգضΪԸħ֮˵һѼ⵶ֱǵ࣡
ϵĺ书ζʱĽٴλָģ˹Ц˵
ҲˣħҲ֪ϵܵϢǿ϶ȶԸϵܵģϾһĳɳʵ÷ǳĿ£ħ̵˿ɲɵӡ
½Щǵ˵
̫ˣ֪ԴӼ뱣ִ֮еɲһˣʵǺħ֮ҪԸҲô׾ܳɹġ
ҡͷһЦ
֪ϵܵʵǿ˫ȭѵ֣һħ̼дĸֶԸϵܣǸǺã
½üͷȻ˼취
˵̫Զˣħ̵˴ĸΧ֣Ϣ֪ĻǶԸħ̻ϣ𣿡
ͿһЦǶ֪½ǹˣħȻСΧĵԱܿŵĶĿǴֳǿ϶ŵģҲôˡ
ôҪ鱨ȡħ̿ôּĻᣬ׵еһǹһǹûۼһħǡ
˵½ĵ鼸ǲᷢģħ̸ҶôĸΧǿ϶ͬɳֵģħ˾һսǼᷢ
䵣һ㣬絣һǷħ̵ľֳɱҲֻ£ſܻȡ鱨ϾֱӰȥٵˣѰ֮Ҫҵǣǲܵ顣
뿪֮½Ҳűŵ˿ʼطŴ壬ͬʱŵĳԱǻѺ½ߵĴӰħԱЩڶҪǲ͵½ң½ҵķ䣬ȴǵĽ½档
λѪʹˣղΪβǸϾŽ׵쾳ҪʵĻ϶Ƕλ˵Ķ֡
Ѫ뿪½飬·Сʵ
ߣҲǣʵѵ𣿡
ѪͷҲص˵ǸʵǸոս쾳ӣ֣ҲһСӣ˵ϵľˣ½ҵԮͻǱ뾡쳷ˣ
ѵСôĸոս׵쾳ûмĹô书һͻͽز
½ǰ˼⣬ȻҲ֪쾳֮󣬵ȷһ书Ľ׶ΣѾǿˣֱǱٶȻ졣
ǰλħѪʹħѪŵˣѪе˶ѪӡλѪʹѾѪųһĸˣͨѪͽ֮
Ѫŵų½ҵһδϣ书Ѫ񹦵½ࡣ
ħĴ½˽ȥѪŶ½ֱӹϽħڲ½ѪҲһɲСˣµʵʮֵǿ
ǾǿѪеѪʹֶûаնԸһˣɼʵжǿ⻹ոս׵쾳ûĹҪǰٶΪȥǺܿҪ޵ˣ
ҹСӱ֮ʱΪͱͬȼĸҪǿܶ࣬ڽ׵쾳õΪôһᣬʵԵøӵĿ¡
Ѫҡҡͷһ˿˼ɫ̫ģȹʱ䣬ΪٶȾͻͣͲǰģǸʱҪҪϵĿˡ
Ѫʹ˵Ĳȷ֮ʱΪԶԶĳͬȼĶ֣ʮֵĿ£ˣǶԸļƻҲҪƳˡ
½æ¶ۼһƨٸСӸʱ䣬˵׼ʵͻøǿʱҪԸ¾͸ӵˡ
鲻ܾġ
Ѫе˵ӿǰеٶȡ


620 ٻع
ȵص˷Ŵʱ򣬷ŴһƬ˿쳣ļ󣬷·ʲôҲûзһ㣬ĸ֪ȴ˲ͬѰϢ
ջãվʯֵĴ鿴ʱӰͬܿĸ˹ѫл־λϡ
С֣ôͻˣ
ѫǰ΢΢һЦʵ
οдջϣǱߵô
Ц
ﲻ˵ǻǻȥ̸
ѫһܣ·ڰʲôǱǱһ㣬˲ص˻ͥԷʱ½ûиϻһȺнٶȿԶԶûһ˸·졣
½ˣһ½ǱߵõϢ½Ǳ½أһѪƵˣѾѲ˸ƬķΧûҵ½ټ
֮ͤѫ̿˵ߵ֪
εʧһ룬ҪﶼѾˣǸӰħ½ҲˣǱħ̵Ѫɫ۵쾳־ߵģһһŮ֪ʲô
˵ͷ¶һ˿صɫ
Ѫɫ۵ˣ쾳֣
ѫɻһ䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôתͷл־˽һͬʱ˵ͷ
ˣôλƺ뵽ʲô
ֵĿˣɻʵ
ˣ̫С֪ܲû˵Ѫ̣ʱѪоһȺˣǴѪɫĳۣǵʵһⶼ쾳֡
ѫ̾˿󻺻˵ղſѪˣпܾǷ쵱Ѫ̵ƶȣô˵ĻԿ϶Ǻ½йϵˡ
Ļ½໹Ѳ˸ϵĿǰֻ֪һѪ񹦣ЧѪ̵ƶǿߵģĶӰħ书Ѫӡ
˵ͷ
ǾͻϿԿ϶ˣЩǰ½ҾԮ϶ǽӵ½⣬½ѾڰзչһԼǲ֪Щǲܵħ̵Ŀˡ
ѫѰ˼˵
ҹкܴĿܣ½ʱ򲻿ܶŻȥģƾ½ҵĶ֣ʱҪһǿĿɽôֻħˣ
һѾʵ顣
˵еȻĻҲþ׼ˣ½Ҷ˱ħ̲߷ˣļɺпҲħ̵ļϸ֮Ҫ׵ĽЩصĻ
ѫ΢΢˵ͷ̸ֳһںһЩƻİԼִУ֪ʱ͹ȥˣͻȻ˽ŲͿԺӵĴűƿˣϢЩȵ½
Ҳˣ
ѫתȥǳ½ʵ
ǵģϣ½ߵӰħѾȫԱᣬѾ½ҵ˿ܣʱôãͽ½ҵȥˣǾͲùôˡ
½߽ͤ£ϵĲڵĴڵĺ˺е裬Ӷˡ
ϾʵѾԶԶ統꣬űŵЩרҵսԱһִ񣬸ǿȵ˶Ͱ۵ĹǺΪҪˣǾԲԸ۴󲿶ӵٶȵģһ·Ϲͱ⸱ģ
ЦĴ½ļϣһɴ͵ԪʱĶ˹ȥƽϢ½ڸܿ½ͻָƽ
лϵܣû뵽ʵѾ̶ֳȣϵ·Цˡ
˲豭½˰֣ԳһЦ
õģ½ϸ磬һҵ취ָʵġ
ſ֣΢΢һЦ
Ȼ½ҲˣҲ˳һºļƻţʱȥһ˴ӣѾװҦˡ
Ĳһ𣿡
ҦЩ᲻õסֱۡ
ɵѾͷҺܿͻȥģȺүһȥɣﻹһûȴҾͻȥˡ
ЦҦ˵㷢
ˣˣСֻкܶҪǾͲʱˣھͳ׼ذɣ
ҦһЦļ򣬵ݹһҦһ˳ʯŴſȥ
֣أ´лʱһҪ鰡
Ҧ̫һ˹˹Ц
̫֣ϣһμʱѾ쾳òˣ
ҲЦŹ˹֡
ҵϣأְεĸо
Ҧ̫˼۾ЦŸҦҶĺ뿪ˡ
ĿҦҵĴ󲿶Ӷ뿪֮ص˻ͥԷһʱ䣬ЩжĳԱȫ⿪ڵľ綾˼ҩǻָü죬ڳ׵綾
֮ҪΪдĳԱ½ҵķŴڣ½ĿǰλѾλ쾳ĸ֣ʵΪҪ¾伸죬ֹʲô⡣
ʱһգ۾͹ȥˣȶ֮ʹŵĳԱһ˷Ŵ壬ٹ˼ʱ䣬ŴڵҲ𽥵ļˣɺͼҲӵϢ½½ĸ˻ȥ
ɻ˾޴ĺ˹ݹʻŴ˿һ»˵УдӷŴϻûֱӻصǳ˷ɻȥ˹ݡ
ӷŴ뿪֮ͽ绻һģصУŹŴ·Ҳ̫ˣߵﶼעĿ񣬽Ǻܼ򵥵ɫţпͰɫT˶ЬȫһѧĴ硣
ε½֮Уеõ˿ȸʯȸʯֹݵ־ҪҵĶڼȻõ˿ȸʯǾ˳ȥһ˹ݣҲ˽һ
˻һʿֱֹȥˣһ־Ϊܵģ־ֹݵǷǳġ
Ȼ־Ȼ֪ȸʯĴڣȻֻһ򵥵ĳӶѣʵҲˣ书軹ͣһ
ֹݵʱ⣬ȴ֪־ѾֹˣһǰѾ뿪ֹݣȥݵҲ֪
ɻ뿪ֹݣѰ˼һ־Ȼһʣ־ũٲݾĲƪ֮ǰԶԷ˽ʵҲ벻־ȥ
˼һͳֻͨĵ绰ڹҲֻʶˡ
ι
绰ܿͽͨˣ洫˾ΥȻǵ˭Щɻʵ

ʱЦŴк


621 ˵
һʼû֪绰ͷ˾Ȼʱͱ
ԭСְôͻȻҴ绰ˣ
ǺһЦ
Ѿ˹㶫ˣھֹҪϸеģŷϸѾ뿪һˣǷ֪ϸȥ
ҲĨǣֱ⡣
˵־ֵܰɣȷѾֹˣСĲǺɣֵһٻϼȥˣʲô飬ҾͲ֪ˡ
֪˵˳
֪ϸϼ𣿡
˼һʵ
ҾͲ̫ˣ˵飬һ㶼ôʵģҪС֪Ļǿȥ֣Ӧû֪ĸһЩ
Ц˵ĵ绰
Ҷ˵绰ִ֮죬˺ܾò˽ͨ˵绰ӵģǸŮӡ
˭
ǱŮ˵绰ֱʵ
죬𣿡
΢΢һ㶣Ϊ˵绰һֻĲĻֲûвɻһ䡣
˭ô֪绰ģ
˵Ҫ죬ǱŮ̱þ
ҹӦû˵ҵְɣ
ȻЩ֣Ա

ǱŮһʼɻȻû֣ͱ˷
Ҫҵ죬ʦʲôϵ
ʵ
ʦյͽܣܾȾʦ𣿡
ǱŮü
ͽܣ
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̫ˣ
Ů˽һһַ
Ҷ˵绰ߵ·ߣһʿٵ뿪ֹݡ
뿪֮һλֹݵķԱ˳ȥĵʿͳֻһ绰
ԼСʱ֮һƬ͵СͣСѾԺƾˣǽ嶼Ѿ˰߲ĺۼСڵĻҲܲ
Щ֣˵ݵλӦûסֵطԣڣôҲϡ
С˽ȥܿҵ˶ʮһ¥¥µķͻˣϵİ¶ĵ·Ҳûҵ˾һ¡
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һСĹľϵèһӰȻè⿴ľžʹһ϶¶һСӡ
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ĺÿ죡
Сжʱ¶һ˿ϲζæľţнϵıմ˿߽
֮ɨһۣüͷһ£еĶܳ¾ɣûһµĶǽϵǰ߲ˮȻǽѾʼˮˡ
һСṹֻһƾɵĺɫӣĸӰһȳȵģûнȥֻ濴һ۶ѣҲһƾɵĲ;߶ѡ
ʦأ
ĴһС¶һ˿˼ɫæ˵ֱָָߵǸ䡣
ʱŴСһ߲һ̷µӻۣһСӣͲᳬʮ꣬ϴһɫĳȹȻѾ˺ܶ꣬Ѿϲԭʲôɫˡ
СɫǺܺÿеƵģȻҲǺܺã˵ζƫݵӡ
ʲô֣
һ֮ʵ
ҽжᣬȾȾʦɣʦ첻ˣ
Ще˵۾ǰɫ
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˵ͷ߽˷ûбļҾӣֻһƾɵľһˣϻ¶Ʊӡ
էһûϳ죬ʱѾݵȧǶ߸ߵ͹ۿİȥ˿ȥЩˣñҲͶ˲Ƥѡ
ߵ˴ߣƣ˴ϣʱķӦѾ΢ˣʹһ˴ߣûʲôӦȻѾ˺صĵز
ķ΢յ˫ۣжʱ΢Ϊͫ׶Ѿʼ˽ɢʧףҲ˵ѾԶˡ
һ֮ɫվڴߵĶᣬſֱС϶ҲʲʲôǿԼ쾿ʲô⡣
Ȳ飬ƿƱӣ¶汻ŵ죬ֻ¶ϱ鲼˺ۣصĵطߵಿλһɫѾڵӡ
һ˿ǣûжʲôҪȵסһҪܹ˵Ϊƴ»
ƸĶ괦һۻ֮Ԫʱ˳ӿĸʱڵľѾɺԶʱڵԪҲʣ޼
꣬ԶͨǿصƿһغˣʹڣҲֻһѣʶѾģˣȣΨһĲͬҲ໹΢΢ѡ
ԪϵעڣҲ𽥵ĻָⲢ˵Ѿָ˹ΪԪĴ̼ʱһ˿ѡ
С֣
ƤĲ£컺İ˫ۣŤͷһڴߵϳһ˿ɵɫȻڻûг׵ĻָǣпܻΪԼ֮ġ
ʦȱ˵ô࣬ôܵˣûж
˵ͷ˿ʵ
㣬С֣û뵽֮ǰܼ㣬ôˣ
ǣһ˿ѿЦݣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
־ϸ磬ȥ˹ݲ֪Ѿһǰ뿪ˣҲ˵ĵ绰Ҿʹ绰ˡ
̾˿΢䡣


622 
ԭĸĵ绰Ҿ֣Ķ֪ҵ飬ôҵСİɣ
һӵʱ䣬ԱȸղźһЩ˵Ҳ࣬תͷһվڴߵĶᣬ¶һ˿ɫ
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Ҳǣ޹ģ˵鲢ʲô¹عĴ£ֻڵ飬ǰѾħˣľĻһҶ֮ǡ
ҡҡͷһ˿⡣
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˷С֣ҵԼ¾ǵҽˣôһգ˿ûʲôϣˡ
ҡҡͷܾҪ󣬾ȻѾ׼ӡ
ʦɾСˣڵҽȻ˵׷ϵҽǵ֮£ܺұˣҲָˡ
ҡͷ΢΢һЦ쾪ɫûж˵ʲôйâһһСͳģǰѾ˴ǲͨѧСҲûʲô˼ɵĵطֱȡ˽ָеİ
СᣬŹһ¡
תͷŶ΢΢һЦæɵȥĴôվűߣûٹǰԼӰʧܡ
Ȼղ첢û˵ô˵ģڹԪĹѾһЩߣǾܵȻأֻԵˣȻɺԿήȴûжٵطжϵġ
ڵĶأղϸĲ̽һûзʲôжļ󣬵⸱ģĸԭ򣬾ؿڵһѾʼڵӡ
ӡԵĵƶĿɼʩչһƵˣƷľѾǵһܸĵز֮һôӡ
ӡµ̶ʩչӡȫʵһֱУǸ˲ûôһƽı
ĻȻ̾ǻȥᾭһʮʹĥŻȥ˵ôˣ϶ޣħ̵ɱ飬Ҳȥĥˡ
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ӹֻ֮ǲѯһֻĹأһĴĺ룬ֱ϶ô򵥣ͳԼֻͨ˶ĵ绰

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ûʲô飬ղŸǸˣ˼ܽ복ĵطһξ룬ЩһȷϢҾ̴绰㱨ˡ
Ҳǻǣæһڡ
ţúöǱߵǮһᶨ֧
ǸĬһ͹Ҷ˵绰
λ
߲ûйҶ϶ĵ绰ͨ̾ʵ
Եӣ绰źλñ˼ܴˣȻԷʵַϢһǿƽļ㷨Ѿˣٷ֮ʮߣʮģOK
Ǳߴ˺Ϣַ˴ĵλΪеһСڣʵλλڶҽַϢѾ͵ֻϣͿԲ鿴ˡ
Ҷ˵绰˶Ϣ绰Ϣڶһߵڣķۿۣһһġ
˼һ֮һ绰ȥһⶰ˵Ϣ
һһ绰ܿҵ˵绰λõϢôԶĵطȥ飬ȻҲʲô򵥵жʱӵ
Ȼ꾯УǺЩ˱ȻǴ׼СˣһϵˣΪУ֪һЩ˵ֶ֮Ҫ˱ģǲ
ҿԡ𣿡
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һЦ˵˼仰ԭصӰȻôŨתôƾʧǰ
ǰ˵һĻǾȵ˵ˣſڽĺͷ˺һ˰εĹŻعĴĿһȦ󣬷û˵ټæɿ뿪С
һ¥¥;վ棬ܳСǹһ˿ȣ֮ôҪʲôɵֿв
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۵ѵΣ
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ǰ㱨
ܺãǵҪӵĿ̿ˣҪֺܴĶԺǶֵĻԽԽֶ࣬Ǻĵ³пܾͻʧȥ
˵ͷȴûЦݣħֵ̼ڣʵûʲôطԸ
ļƻǵѰҿΪİ취Ȼ󰴲ͰĽʵͻƽڵļ£ѰҰ취һͻƵڣڿĻƻҪƳˡ


627 Ű
ӳǲǷʲô飿
ϢӺӾ￴һһɫʱһæʵ
ʱҪ֪ʱ֮һǵģǵǺúõ뾡һа취ʵҲһЩҩǣյҪŬ
΢΢ҡҡͷڻҪô͸۵ˣϲĻħ̵˳ɽӦûһʱ䣬ִᣬħ̵Ҳǰĵĳˡ
־ħ̸пѾ͸˻ĵĸطʲôʺɽǶִѶգпܲڱ֮¡
źӾһ˼Ҳ֪ȤĲ˵רĿر
ҪǰļӣֻˣɨһĻĵ绰
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ϸû㱨һ顣
ңס
һ֣ʱüͷһ壬ԶҲǣһ˵ֵʱһϣΰģȻⲻؼĵط
סֵԭ򣬻ΪǳϣһصϵĽָһĸӦʱͻпܾǹװһ
Ȼȥˣȴ˿żԵϵˮ׼Ҫƽصļʵ㣬һɽٺڵ۷ʵûܳ׵ƽеĽָҪ˵ҵˡ
ټϵʱʵҲ̫ǿ󣬰ΰĿĲ򵥣Ҳʱѹˣû뵽ھȻ־ǣ˰ң֮ǰǿ϶һϸġ
Ϣ߶ϵģһҪѰҵ̽
˵ͷҶ˵绰
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˾ϣʱʱҲ˼ĵ³⣬ʱѾϰ˵ˣ³֮뿪˵³⣬ȥ˲ԶۻأǴӵ³ֱ¥ݽ˱

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ĵıһˮ裬ɳϿŷ磬Աߣһ
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ЦŴˮһѳ
ȻˣȻΪһŮ壬·ƽε
һ⻰ʱˣܿйˣڼҿ磬ôһ
Ǻǣ壬·ƽεЩͨͨû⣬ؼЩҪǰʵܲһУ
Цҡҡͷ
ҵʵȻһǺ
ȻϽţصȴСȥʵƱҪ˺ö࣬˵ǳȥˣƱʵڸ߶ɲóȻǲԶˡ
һһϦ飬ҪʱĿӵһǿʵĶǲʲôģֻȳǿ׳࣬ĸһЩѡ
Ц˵ȥμӱᣬõһЩöܿͿԸһֵҩֻҪȥͿڵԶĹ̶ֱս֮ʱŻָӦеӡ
ʲô˵ʲô
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һԵҲ۷Ź⣬˵ǿʵҲȲഺҪߵƱһ˷֮ɫÿһŮ˶顣
ûҲû˵ȷֵҩΪĦ޵ʹһʮϡٵ޻Ƴ浤ҩֻҪȥʱʲôģͻһֱάģֱ˲Żֱ仯
һѣһЦ
̫ˣҿഺפˣ
ؼĴɳϱ§һ𼤶ĴдЦ
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˷ӣεҡͷһЦ
ʱͽ쾳ˣʷϿɶûгֹģûмǴĻƺ쾳ˣʱҲʮͷˣѾһˡ
ƱһЦ
ǰѾЩĻˣʱ쾳췽ҹ̷
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ʲôĽ׵쾳
ƱŵĿԾסС졣
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ڲǰڱͻƵģ˱ĵһ
Ц˵
׵쾳ԺڶпԺаԵˣ˭ˬ۸˭
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쾳ĸоôǲǱǰҪǿࣿ
㣬һ˷֮侲
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ŵĹһ£ʼ
ۣҲ׵쾳̽ڶ쾳ˣǰǿô࣬϶бʲô취ʵģԲԣ
رĵߣסֱ۲סĻε


628 
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εЦ
Ѿܿ̿˰
ֱ׳ͦأֱۣĸоϵĴ̼
Ŭڲڿŷô
һصСӣЦҪѳ˳Է˯еʱ䶼ϣǲŽпֻ̿Ʊˡ
ûܹ֣ܵˣ˳Է˯ÿģ
̱һͰ͵ӣС˵
Ǻܿ飬ûУôȥѽ
΢΢һЦ˿ѣʱһٶʱһЩΪĵҩһָõĵҩһҪһԶţȥһʧ˺ܾõҩģҵ֮ܽơ
ʲôʲôʧ˺ܾõҩģǲֺĶ֮ͿΪǣ
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ôΪĵҩǸҩǺ͸ղ˵޻һģǲٻһޣƳĵǵľΪ
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ĵһûʲôõĸо
һ֣ʱ˸
ٺ٣˵ҩȥҪܵļ尾ʹֻ࣬пȥˣľϵΪû֧Źȥֻаװ׵ܿ࣬ʲôЧûС
ǹһ˿թЦݡ
ʲôȻƵҩԣԣԲԣ
һ⻰ʱͷҡĸ˹һ
ԣֵ֪ҩжǰֻҪһţǻһȷѪᣬǿǿҩԾܳԵġ
̾˿ɸֵҡҡͷ
ѽ˼Ҳˡ
ضʱһͰ͵ӣйɳһ̱һ㾢ûеӡ
Уûôܵõǿʵأ
ҡͷһЦصգʱˣȥɣһҪȥһ˳ɳǱߵûгʲô顣
򷢼Ůȥ֮Ҳȥϴ˸裬ĵ¥һƱķ䣬ƱҲմӷͷʪģûһҪӡ
ٺ٣Ȼ֪ҪѾϴˣ
ǹһ˿аа΢ЦߵƱ˵Щʲôһѽ漴˴ϣһʱݵĴɫ
ޣһͲ
ڸڷأȻʵȲƱôʱ䣬ټĵҩʵͱͨҪǿϺܶˣȻҲǵ˶Ŀĵز
ĸȻܺãҲܲסĶϡһЩ΢Ľһ֮ʵǼв˾񣬶ʱһͷ˱ͷ˯ȥˡ
ڶһ磬緹ϴ֮뿪˼ң͵˻ƱҲѾ˵Ʊ
ʱ䣬һ¶жúõѼһ°ҵϢдãһҪϸˡ
³ǰһ䣬һī첽߽˺
ɻܿˣֻǱĿϢһɻѾڳɳĻĽ赱ȻûжĺҲںЩ˻ĽһʿֱӾͱȥˡ
־ϼ볤ɳһЩ룬׼ȥһ⳵Ĺ˾һȻԼȥأȽϷһ㣬Ҳױ˷١
һСʱһ۵ԽҰ뿪⳵˾ڳɳĴϷɿĿˣһЦݵķԱĳƱźۼ˿ڴС
أλڳɳжϱߣһʷʮƾõسǣʱ򻹳īͣʤżҲȽ϶࣬ΪشȽƫƧԽͨЩô㣬ҲΪʲôһԽҰԭ
ڲôƽ̹С·ϵһСʱңʱأسǲֻмһɵ޵Ļһˮ·С·ʯ·Ƚϵء
ͣһС¥ſڣ߽˾¥ĵһСˣֵһСƾƣǱյĳһϸΧ٩ɽ
¥ֵطռСϢóһǹŴִһģûʲô̫ĲΪ˺˾ƣ̲סҪϼ䡣
տʼĶǼҳ̵С飬˺һֵϢעһΧѾԶˣֻǸ
һֵ飬ǿܻ֪ҼұϵǸլӰֵǲҽЩģǴӺԶĵطģϸһַ·ڸ
ôᣬǶû
ԶȻҼҾͰլӣҪÿ궼һΣȥʲô鰡
˼Ҽ飬ôʲô
ǰ˼ҵ飬ǾͲҪȥˡ
ǲ֪˯ðӵܣֲ˵ʲôǼҲ˵ӣҲȥһʣ֮Ǳﲻ
Ҫȥȴ죬˵֮ǱߵĹûˡ
԰ʵڲоȥĵط죬Ĳ˵ֵʱӭǸ缸ȺȾ죬Ҳͦõģ
ûŮڼң棬һڼҴҲûǣ
һ˵ｻ̸УǸ˵֮˼ҵķλжԱһǰصͼ̾Ǹ˵Ĵլӣ־լ
ȸ˱еһξƣһС֮뿪˾¥˳سˮһ·Ƶ˹ȥʱҴСسڵ
سǵǻǺʵģϾһʷĻƾõĵطܵ汲Ӱ컹ǱȽ·洦ɼֻˣЩдɵаһ
ɵˮ·ϻεʮӺתһשŵС·С·ľͷһլӣǾ־լҲ־ÿ궼Ҫһεĵط
һӽС˼ңǸղھ¥߿Ǹ˵ļңǴ죬˿Ǹ˵Ĺ־ļﴫ
ߵ־ҵĴſڣլԺĴϾ޴ͭĺúõģû˵ӣ־ҲǸ֮ĸ֣ԶŲÿҲǺġ
һ־ͬյľΪ׷ɱпܶ˻һͻĵţ˵ͳ˲עʱԽ˸߸ߵԺǽ
Ĵһۣһʧ˴ſڡ


629 
ȻĽȺûע⵽һ˵Ӱʧ˴ϣڸԼ飬ĺ졣
ʱѾվԺ־լͦģһԺӶнƽǰļСسӦҲܲ˼ҡ
һһ˺ϱĴ⣬Ժֻм򵥵ΰڷţֱ߿һأһЩݲݣ΢紵ʱƮɢһƵ㡣
Χľ⴦լڵȷ˵ӣԺŽҲǴģܵĴĹȥöû˻ӡ
ǲһ˿һΪլһ˿ϢѪҺζƺѪҺлĶһ˿ĸо
׵쾳֮ǰ˵Ҳ޷һ쳣ΪʱѾȥ죬ڿеϢѾǳĵˡ
Ѿ׵쾳ʵһأȻ巽ĸۺҲͬǿˣֻҪһ˿쳣޷ĸо
ԺһȦϸĲ鿴һĴĴЩŶǽûд򿪹ļĻҳҲǻ˺ܾõӣǱ˶
Ѱ˼һһֳԺǽ˷ݵĺ棬ϸļ˺Ĵһ飬һߣǾһȴССָӡ
ȻָӡѾ漸ĻҳڸǣǺܸĻҶԱҪ࣬ôһ΢ϸڣȷ־϶ǻˡ
־ǲǻڼȥ֪֮ˣȻ־ĵǱؼУȻȥǰŹţһк֪ܶ𲻱Ҫ鷳
ϸļһǸָӡĴһİһ£̵漴Ҳһ˿϶
Ĵ˴һݾͽڣִ˴пתϸĴһڵĶ
ڵİΣ֪һ䱣õլ˼ûʲôĶܵĲûŹŴķС
ڷֳ䣬мǿİڷŻƻľĿӣһʵľİڷԶ᷿סʹãҲʵľװ޵Ĵ͹ӡ
Щװ־ļǰҲʵΪۺģڷŵЩεӣһͨ˼òľ
ڷĴһȦ֮ûзʲô쳣Ҳûҵ־µĺۼɻ֮£ֻ˿̫ʦϣıĿ
Ͼ־լȻֻҪ﷭׳죬϶ᷢʲôôȥ˶־ǼĲˡ
¥Ǹ˵ÿϵʱﶼкֵԾ׼ϣʲôӵܣ˯š
Ҳǵţ̫ʦϣؿʼĿϢ˵κοеʱ䶼ĺʱ䣬ɲĴС㣬ɹ
ʱ仺ţڵ˼ҴһЩһЩֹ˵ǻ˼ҵ˻ʰһ㶫ΪúԺӵĴŴŵ
ǹһ˿ЦĵȺܿĵмλãɫĹ⻪ԺӶһɫѡ
ͻȻ䣬ڱĿȻ˫ۣһƾʱбڸղһɲǣǸֵʹһֱ棬֪Դ
۾һɨ̶ס˵λãǸǴӵ´ģѹָڵǸھ˵ǴӺԶĵطϸĻָо벢ǺԶ
ΪԵЩƣȻǴԶģڸŵ棬Ҳǲ־ġ
ѭǸķĴѰԼӵʱ䣬ȷԴߵķλϷһʵľӰڷ
ڹĴϸļһ沢ûʲôرֵעĵط˹ӣ㣬㶼ͱӣһȴǿյġ
һ̾ʶһ⣬ãȻһǿյģһȦһײСͻ
һǸ͹ĵط·ĸ̾һԴ˿ԭԼԼСʹŸĴ̱
Ÿ·ںͨû˿ԥ̾ȥ
ͨǺܳһֱпվ˴ʮ׵ľ룬Ѿ˫Ų˼ʵϣ˳źͨһξ룬žĽӽǸʹԽԽ
ͨľͷһССķοռˣܰڷźܶľӣʱľѾˣֻɢİڷһЩСӶѣЩСҲͱ˴ˣȡĶ
ڷοռҡҷҫ£һһӰڵϣʹķŤתǵ͵͵Ǵ﷢ġ
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ʹڱ뱧־ûʲôѵʶ۾΢΢Ϸ¶˴۰ףȻ˵ʹѾʧȥʶ޷ע⵽ı仯
֪ʱʻûʲôãҲ͸ɴ಻ȥ˷ʲôʱ䣬־һ㣬˲־ϵľʹͽ࣬Ҳǰһˡ
Ȼס־һʵ˳־ľڣĴһȦɫʼ
һϸļѾ־ĸԭˣΪ˹ƶϵ˺˵ûʲôϵֻ˶ѣ֮ԻľʹǻΪڵĹƳڲϵ˺ҧ־
ĸӦ£ʱ־ֻ΢СƳ棬ЩƳĸϣϵųСһֱҧ
ǿҵʹ࣬־ȻӲҪǻˣʱ϶Ѿʹţܿͻ˹ȥ
ϸĹ۲£Ҳһ˿ͬѰĵطǾЩƳȻڲͣҧţٶȲǺܿ죬ƺЩӡ


630 ƶ
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Щ״СľԭװĶһЩҩģҩζͿԱ־ŵڣ뻹ҪЩҩĵĹЧֿڵĹƳ档
ȻЩҩֻһ¹ƳٶȣܴӸ߽ЩƳ棬ǽЩƳ涼һĻ־Ҫƽʱܸʹࡣ
ҲһôģǾӳʱ䣬ЩҩĵĹЧ־ڿѾˣֲڡ
˼һֻ֮Ӧý־Ūܶ鲻֪£Ҳûа취취ֱӶ֣һʲô⣬ҪĿɾ־ˡ
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ʱʩչİ취֮־ƽ漴˫һѹĸһڵۻƵĴһӿٵӿ־ڡ
ǿԤ£־еĹƳ涼ʱŰΧ͸ԿЩƳ汻Χ֮÷ǳĿ񱩣ϵϸСĳ˺ҧ
ڹƳ汻־อϰ֮־ʶҲ𽥵˹ͷĴ󺹽ֹסʣⷬ龰æ־ա
ϸ磬ϸ磬ѡ
־˫ۡ
ϵܣô
־ѹ֮˻һʱ䣬ŷӦ˹լĵڣȻߣʱЩɵСʵ
ϸ磬ҪҲԶǧҵҪ֧ŲסˣôôĹƶ
ҡͷһЦ־ӱϲԶһƿˮݸ־ղ۵ͷ󺹣ҲҪһˮֵġ
ˣο˸ͷȻլһЩҩģȫɲóֻʱùƶĻһЩܳ׵ĸĹƶ
־˿ˮ΢ָһ㾫ֿʵϵܣ㻹û˵ôҵģҿǴûкκ˵
ұȥģȥ֮ŷһǰ뿪ֹݣȻ֮ҵʦͨʦǱ߲֪ϸլλãȻҾҵ
ЦЦسǵһ¥Էʱи˵ϵĴլйҲԭϸһҾ֪˵ϸլӡ
ϵܹȻϸ緢ƾһҵңϸ֪Ǳߵôˣʱ׷ɱܵ˱ȽأҾ˺ЩˣȻ˾ʧȥϵˡ
־һЦ˵ͷǺͺεģȻʶʱ䲻ҲֻһѣȴѾõѣһĪиС
ʦһ㣬ûʲô綾ҲǼأֻû˼อ;˷ˣһʱ䣬ʦ¾ûþˡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿ʱҵʱϸѾʣһˣҶ죬ȻһǸ˫ֻǺݣԵʦֶô顣
Ѿ鶼ˣʱҾͲͬȥǸ˫ҪȥôˣҲֻһˣû뵽ȴ˶Է
־޺޵̾˿֮⣬ʱһЩѣЩ˹Ҳ˵ˣЩ̫ˣȫڵ֣
ȻЩħˣһûǻڵĿܣϾҲ뾡ܿƷҪ̫֪ħѾسˡ
˵ͷȻ˵
ʲôħ̵ˣ
־ʱȵ̧ͷŵʵ
μ½ұһЩ˵־һ飬ʵʤ۱磬Щ飬־ҲûʲôɻˣħسѾ嶤飬ֻǲˣеһѡ
û뵽־֮Ȼħ̵ˣЩħ̵Ѿʧ֮𣿿ǻǲİһҪҽ򣡡
εҡҡͷ־̾Ϣ˵ЩҲûʲôϵˣѾǸ֮ˣȵЩƶٴηʱ򣬹ҲԶʱˡ
ɲһϸ磬ƶȻȽѽҲȫûа취ûнҩǿнҲһյģֻҪϸһѡ
ҡҡͷ
ϵܣҵƿɱ鷳ˣϾûжֻˣһƶҪ²ô򵥵顣
־Цһε˵
ʵкγ⿪ϵĹƶʱƶѾĥܾãУҲʶƶȻԼͽƶ⿪ˡ
Ҷҽһ黹Щ˽ģټϵȻҲõũٲݾĲƪ˵ϸרУҲ˲ƷЩԸƶһöûС
ǰĻһûʲôգǰøս׵֮ԸЩƶһЩյģϸľһֱӷ
־Ц˵
׵쾳
־ȻĿһ˵ζ
Ȼٰ
˵ͷ΢΢ɢһ쾳ֵƸ־־һӦ֮£ʱͷ
ҵһμϵܵʱ򣬾;ϵܾǳ֮û뵽Źȥûõʱ䣬ϵѾ׵쾳һɳ죬̫˼ˣ
־ʮָп˵
ҲǻԵɺ϶ѣҲûаô׵쾳Ȳ˵Щˣƶϸ绹ǵôе𣿡
˰֣΢΢һЦʵ
ʱұЩ˱˴ɽֻųϼҲûôע⣬ƺһЩ֮ǰֻˣЩ֮̾͸ее㲻ʡ
־ŬĻһ˵ǸʱҲͣϸļ飬ֻܼ߶ƴߣ˦Щˣصլ֮Ҳŷ˹ƶ
״ĻЩӦǳƷĹƳˣô˵ĻʹЩƳ˱ȻǼԿ϶ˣ⣬˼ǲƳ֮ġ
˼һ˵
ˣѵҲħ̣ǲһֱ𣿡
־Զʱһ


631 ƹ
ʱҲֻôƲˣϾһֱƫһ磬˴򽻵ĻҲ٣Ƴķȷֻд˲ŶãʲôҪȥúõĲ̽һ֪
ҡҡͷҲܺܿ϶˵ֻܴµƲһ˽Ҳǰ˾Ųʮʲô̫ƫ
Ըļħ̣Ļħ̵˾͸ѶԸˡ
־˵ͷ̾˿
˵һɲ置ԭƾһֹĹƶ֮Ǽԭֶſˣԭ˼֣²롣
ԭҲ置°ıоͰܶؼԼϧĵҩѧرһ置żзֵġ
һϸϸļһڵĹƳ취ЩƳ棬ʱܹƳܻһЩҵķӦϸҪŵ㣬һᾡġ
һ
ãܷʩΪɣϵҵ˵־þ˵ܽ⿪Ĺƶ
־ˬͷȸƿеˮ漴ƽ˵ϡ
˵ͷһΣ̴ӽָȡİ־⿪ϰ·ȡʮ룬־ظ֮ʮѨеͷ·һѵľ
ڴطΪҪǽڵסֹ˺壬רŶԸЩ֮Ҳ׵쾳֮ʹõĸ߼ơ
־벼֮־̾Եı仯һصʱ֣ڵĹƳอֳ֡
ֻΪûйעǷǳǿƺƳõͻûЩǼóʣµ룬һӣЩ̾ͷɵ˿У־Ͽա
ʱ־Ѿı۾ȫļⶼѾĵİ彻
һĿϢһ֮󣬽ڵϢѵ״̬֮һת֮ڵʱӵȫ͸˳ǰ־׵İ
ӿ־ڣõղŲµ̷ӳ޴ãһǳǿ˲֣ʱͺɨеĹƳ棬ЩƳȫһ
ֻǵһס˹Ƴ沢ûʲôãҪĻҪƳУȻĻֻҪһƣЩƳͻʴ־อ
ǿо£һ𣬹ƳøӵķˣһźѹѹӰڷŤţܽЩƳŲ⣬۶ܿһǺһĶ
Ƴ濪ʼʱԵĸоŵٶȼӿ첻٣Ȼ˵ĵٶȻǿάסģҲôһֱάȥ
˼һ֮Ҳûʲôõİ취Ŀǰڿ룬һͻȻԺ
һһϸСĽڽѾǵһһľЩʩչ񽣣ͨ뵼־ڣЩƳдģɱˡ
뵽̾ͿʼƳۼŴǻŲƵ˸ܿЩҪЩʣȫ˸λá
˫ƽıãһ̾Ϳʼн˳Ų־ڡ
ִĴָ̫ξʹĽΪ̽صǽ·۾ʯ쾪֮ƣʳָ󳦾ʹĽΪص׽
ָİʹĽΪг彣صǴ󿪴أָʹĽΪس彣ص׾͹ȡʤ
СָľʹĽΪٳ彣صѸ٣Сָ̫СʹĽΪ󽣣صǺȥ仯΢
·ͣıãѹʮأ쾳֮ʵٶȱ֮ĽԭֻĿʮصѹڵѹ˰ʮء
Ľ־֮ЩҪ˺־Ǵ͸Ǹţ֮ڲϵĽʶԹƳɱˡ
ЩƳʵ̫΢Сһײǣֻܽײɢ˿ǲʲôЧɱˣȻȥǸűʶ췭ظʵĹƳʵޡ
ƵĹƳ棬ôȥĻ²ЩƳҪĹˣڿɲάŽͬʱҪάƵת
ת֮£̾ʲôԭ򣬻ΪûõƳϣ˹ƳȻȥĵޣ֮ҪýԹƳЧɱˡ
ҪԹƳɱˣͱҪϸܹƳ棬ֻùƳ浯һȥҪƽϸһ׵顣
ĸ˼Ϊľ֮ʱԽϸΪ˿״ֻΪ˿еĽǣҲҪ뻯֮ӵС
ȻǿʩչΪ˿ָ߶˵ĽɣʵԶԶĲ㣬ȻǲʹóģȻĻһ·Ѿˡ
һ·߲ͨ̾Ϳʼ˼ڶ·ڽ޷ɱ˹Ƴ棬ΪƳ汻ײʱᵽ壬Ϊ͵΢СΪ
Ȼ˵ĻǾ취ùƳ޿ɱܣ
оһʱֹͣ˽ͣע뵽֮УļǿƵűͽŹƳţʱĸӽˡ
ĹƳ涼ѹķһУǳҴ̶ͨ˵һ󣬾ж˶еĤһĸо
ϵעƷҲԽԽǿԭһȭͷСţѾòȭͷС
ۼôҲûа취ѹĸС֪ʱѾˣоһ˫ٶȽĽʱ˳ӿ־ڡ
Щһ֮̾ʹ˷ŷҵĹڹƳĿռѾѹ˼㣬ǵıСҲȫĳ񽣵
£Ƴٶ̷ٵһĹڵĹƳѾ֮˵񽣵֮ͣ治Ǵġ
ϵķڵĹƳҲڿٵűԽԽСһ־еĹƳʧ


632 ʯ
һƳʧ˿ʱղѾȥСʱɼЩƳѲܹ񽣵֧¶ֵôãЩƳҲǺܲ򵥵ġ
ɢ־ڵĽջϲŵЩ룬ֽƸˣһ־ƵƲڽˡ
־ҪûָĶ࣬ϾܵԭͲأֻΪ˹ƶű⸱ģԿе˶ѣֻҪ˹ƶָٶȾҪԶԶĳˡ
ˣϸ磬ǳ׵Ľˡ
İɵЦ
Ļ־һֱͦתһ̾ͷ쳣Ҳ֮ǰĸоˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
˸߲ҵɫ־ץ֣ס˵
Ѱ֮˸޷룬ʱһڵĿռôȹģÿһεƶʱ䣬Եϵǻһ㡣
кöΣ벻Ҫȥˣôȥɣ˷һ˰ˣ뵽Ƿݼֻ֣ͦ˹ûа취⿪ƳĶҲҪͦһ̡
·ǿĵݼ֣ͷϵ˳ҵ˵ңĻ־֮ǰ״̬Ҳ޷̫õʱˡ
ˣϵܣ֮ǰ˵ȥңʲô𣿡
ϲһ֮־רȥģʱϵЦݣʵ
ȻǺ£
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־ʱ΢΢һ㶣ðŻ϶ʱ¶һɫϵܣ㲻˵ǿȸʯɣҲֻһ˵ˣⶫڹ;ˡ
ٺ٣ϸ磬ȸʯȷǷǳϡ٣ôܹټˣôǻôһЩģǰҾ͵õһ顣
ҡͷһЦֽ˿ڴһ΢ɲĺڹһһָͷСĿȸʯͳУȻĿȸʯǱǰѾһ
ͳȸʯݸĿɿڴ־ֱȸʯõУ־һı飬ֱǰʯͷǴеĿȸʯ
ϸϸ磬ǲҪҵĿȸʯ
ʧЦҲ־ΪʲôЩҩ˵ȸʯĴڲκһƷпκҩֱܵΪҩʦرڵġ
־ļ֮ǰҲҩнֻǵ˺ڼҵ䣬˼ûм̳һУֻ־Ϊ˵ȤŶҩרһǼҳũٲݾĲƬҲҴı
ģ⾹Ȼǿȸʯ
־˫֣ϸļָϸĿȸʯ˵ʱҲûбʲôϣֻôһ˵ѣû뵽ȻĽȸʯˡ
ʵԾǿȸʯ
˵ͷҵʱҲһ֤֮£ѾȷǿȸʯˣŽ˻רϸˡ
ⶫ̫ˣϵܣ㻹ûȥɣǼҳƬֵȸʯ
Ȼ֪еʯͷķ־ɼᶨҡҡͷǿȸʯϸ統ô˵ֻǲ޹˺ôûȥѰҿȸʯ
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Ÿտڣֱ־ˡ
ϵܣ˵ˣҵǼҳũٲݾĲƪԲֵȸʯ˵ˣϵ㲻ԶǧܵϸһϸҪȸʯϸ綼ʲôˣ
־˰֣˵
ϸ磬ȸʯţƽʱûµʱҲҩоһﻹпȸʯʵҵõǿȸʯͦģֻûд϶ѣר͸ϸġ
ץס־֣ȸʯ˻ȥָЩҩĵ˵ȸʯ޼֮ڲʶⶫܻȲһϸʶ֮ˣȸʯﾡá
⣬Ļһȸʯ
Ҫ˵ﲻϲȸʯǿ϶Ǽٵģ־Կȸʯĺ֮ҲǷǳǿҵģһǷǳصģĪھ֮ʵǲ˼¡
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ǺãϸͺȸʯˣԺ󵫷ϵʲôҪæֻҪϸкϵɽ»𺣣ϸҲǣ
־˵ͷһ˿ᶨɫҲһĺӣһĭһǾԲκη֮ģͿϧһдȥ죬ͿԿΪˡ
ˣϸ磬ȥֹѰ֮һֹݵķԱңץסˣǸھУСһģ²֪ٵʲôˣǸӣҲôɡ
־˿ȸʯҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬֪־һӦʲô飬ǸĴۣҲϧġ
һֻУСӣȻҸһ֮ĸ֣ǵ찡
־ʱһЦʲôݵĴ࣬ӦûʲôҲŶ԰
ȻǸҵģǸԱ֮УҪϸϢȫȥ˻ҹ㣬Ҫ㱨һҾΪȥѰ֮󣬲űǸٵġ
ҡҡͷ
ڴҵϢ
־ʱһ£üͷЩҲûеʲô˰ôҪռҵϢأ
ԱץסˣϼҵҲʶͨһЩֶҵǸϼڵλãȻõĺ룬źŵַȴǱڸˣʵĵַڶеһ
˵ǶǼڰҵ£ڰҵʲ˲ҵϢϸǺйʲôԹ
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Ǿˣҵôö˶˵ûɣͿֹݵһԱעϸһһȥһˣֻһͱ˸ˣҶϸ黹Ǻܹעġ
Ҳֵĵ˵ͷҵľٶ϶³򣬶һⲻƵӡ


633 
ʱȷһ߰ɣֹҽϸ绹ǲҪȥˣǸȻһͨǱ׼ͻὫȥϢ߰ңϾҵǸ˿ԶԿġ
˼һûʲôϢҲ벻ʲôĽֻͣô˵ˡ
İɣ˿ɻûȬأʱҲ᷵عݣħ̵ҪسңȥﶼһģеķһҲٵģ
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ħһسʱ϶ӣҲܴܵĶϸعݵĻ絽ʱɣҲͦġ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
Ŷ⵹Ҳǲϵܵʵﰲȫ϶бϵģֻϸҳһֵĺóգҲûʲôõóֵĶˣ书Ҳ֪ģ͸ֱǲԶˡ
־̧ͷͬЦ
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һЦһӡ
⵹ǲҩã
־ʱһŹ⣬õҩţһ㣬ţĿǰܺȼҲָġ
Ǿô˵ˣʱϸƸԭ֮󣬾ֱӵҰɣҰѵַϵʽ㡣
ЦЦ־ߵͨľͷһԾֱ־ӵ˵棬صլڡ
ʱǴʱ˳ˣȴѾ°ʱ䣬Ϧ£˴ƬɫĹâضȾһƬԡ
լλðȫ𣿡
ԺĴһʵ
ǰҵȻ˵ǰȫģǸʲôĪڴ̽ҵϢҲȷǷ񻹰ȫˣ˵λþѾй¶ˡ
־ҡҡͷһ˿Цֲ֪Եɵĵˣͷۣİ취ûУֱܲȥңһ˼ҵΪʲô̽Ϣɣ
ҲǣڰдϢȷǲôȫϸһض
˼˵־첻һϾ㶫ĹڰôٷҲʮǿģʮѳǹһϣҲõŵ㡣
ָȻԶˣЩ쾳֣ڳк͹Ҳûʲôˣȴɲǵǹ룬ִĴǹеǵСĽһЩС
̫Ļ䣬û뵽ھȻլٰȫˣʱÿ궼һΣһﾲĴһʱ䣬ǲˡ
־̾˿ĻһȦԺľǼֻ鷳ϵˣЩһҿ϶ǵĶ֡
ϸ˵ʲôطأЩȥҲÿĵضΣҩÿȽϺһЩ
ҡͷһЦ
ҲãǳһٳɣַӶ࣬ҲûпһߵʱҲĵ߰ɣϢ©ˡ
־˵ͷתص
ʱ䣬־ʰһլĶźãһ裬Ժﴵ΢磬ŵĻ㣬һûһ졣
ܿݴﴫһ󹾹֪ҲʼͣЪĽһɫĹ⻪լԺԵЩ䡣
־֪ʲôһ˾ĶԺǿŴҲû˵һ裬ͬһԣĹâ
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ʲôôô죿
־һ㶣Щ˼飬Ȼ֪լλöز˵ģϾļڰеλñҲǳ飬û뵽Ȼôͱҵˡ
ˡ
ûж˵ʲôָմӿ³߸ߵԺǽͷĵӰһƮأ˵Ķ뻮һһ㶼ûˮĸоһǷǳ
ףȻһˣǸˣ
ˣһŶ̶̵İֺǰһȿһ־һһԵԭЦݶʱʧˡ
ڽ֮ǰʱ͸оԺһˣϢЩȶǽԺ֮ŷ֣ԺﾹȻһˣһһǳˣͷʱӹһ˿õԤС
λҹ˵լӣǲЩ̫ò
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е̫ţ˵ϢȻƳȥһֵģܹܵЩ˵ϢǾ˵Щ˶֮ĸ֡
ȻѾȷˣôһ־ȻǲˣֻҪ֣Щ˿϶ûа취ӹһٵġ
ǺǣҹãȷЩð¿ԵǸмҪһԲּ¡
Ŷ̶̵İֺЦ־˹ֵ
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Ȼ˵ֲЦˣ־û˼ɰŸ
⵹ˣҽһհһ֣Զҡ
ҽһЦʱǵİֺһһģԵЩ
ңҺͰδ棬֪ĳΪ£
˰յҽܣ־üͷʱ΢΢һղ˵ǰҵڼлȡϢ߰ҵ˾ѾӶҵ˳ɳأֱҵլɼЩ˵
Щƺ̫ʺǰ˵֪ɷһ˵
۾΢΢һۣȻôû˵ҲûκεľٶǰվǾܲ򵥣ﲻҲ˵ֻ΢΢Щµķš
ʲôֱ˵ɣ˵ĻҲֻˡ
־ҡҡͷֱӾܾ˰յ顣
Ȼ¾ֱˣ֪ǲмҳũٲݾĲƪ
յû־̬ȣһЦ
ûУǴСϢ
־˿ϵ˼ûУֱһھͻؾˡ
Ǻǣ˲˵֣ǼȻѾԶǧҵȻһİգǴõϢˡҲܸˡ
յһЦ¶һ˿΢ļ֮⣬Ȼ־ʱøеһ˿


634 Ҫ
ͷУƾʲôΪһأ
־Ҳһĳ֮ɫŰղм˵
ֱĶֽ֮ˣ־һǿģֵͷϣ԰ұûʲôøУȻ˵ͶԷ̸̸֮ˡ
֣˵ôǰڶҲͷļ壬ֻҪԸ⽻ϵũٲݾƪᣬǰǺгġ
΢΢ҡҡͷƽ˵־̬Ȳûмŭ
᣿ôĿô˵ĻһһҪĶ֪ǰûпȸʯеĻֻҪָͷһͿˡ
־һЦ˵ĻȴðҵЦ
˿ȸʯ֣յɫʱʱҲˣ־ͷβûдףȻҲҪȸʯϡˡ
ǲ㽻ǼҳũٲݾĲƪ⼸ҳƪﲢûʲôôղƪҲѾܶˣоһҽ֮⣬õļֵѾľˡ
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ԣ˵Ĳ˵⼸ҳũٲݾĲƪȷûʲôõļֵˣĶΪӵܣǻǱҪúñܵģ˾Ȫ֮ʲôȥҵڣ
־ͬɫһһõӡ
ǵҪ󲢲ֻ֣ҪǼƬƪϼգᣬǰһᾡŬ㡣
պһһ˿΢ɲĹâ֣һĴָ
ϸ΢ľȻ־ûע⵽ȴĲˣ̧ͷһ۰գ¶һ˿Ц⣬֪Ѿɱ⣬ֻɱ⻹صıȽˡ
˵ǼҳƪԭˣǸӡҲύЩСˣǲҪˣ
ҡҡͷ־Ǵ⣬۰ҵ˵ʲôͰҵףһԭ⣬κεĸı䡣
ؼǣƪѾ־ˣֹݵʱͱ͸ڵĲƪĽָС
ããã
ŭЦ˵֣жʱէƲԳԷƣúõЭһЩûʲôˣǾֻܰȥúõдһˣ
һգ˶ʱӱ˹ȥӰֱ־һӰǶ˹ȥ
ұ棬΢һãָʱڽӥצ̬ľ̴ָХһצ˵Ѿμ汸ĳ̶ȡ
һӥצ
̾һ䣬˹ĺ˿ڲˮ̧ͷһЦ书ȻҲӦǣ޹ҿúõģ֪ʲôطλ
ûж֣Ҳûʲôرľٶһɳƶʱϱ˳Ƶıֱһշغֽ˺ֹסΡ
׼־ˣϵҲסˣ˲ǰ־æһ˻˰յ
ձû׼ֵģ;ЩԾǲ֪ﲻԾԲʾһȥ̽һ£û뵽һ¾Ȼײ塣
ûǰţʧ֮
̱ȭڿɲΪʲôˣղǹƵǿңѾʵĿ£϶϶פǰ
Ȼжò̶ȺǾȣ뵽ԷǿʵҲͲˣʵǿϹ˵а취ʱò
ٺ٣һּʹĹʹĳ뻯
ЦϵɲǼʧӰ٣Ϣ׵ۿǰǰ׵λãȻһˡ
ϸ΢һĻð۽΢΢һʱ֪οǵ˴ùˣȻôµһλ֣ͷʼһ˿
ǰЦˣ첻֪ǰѣð֮ǰ£ǰʱĻӭǰȥͣһúõǰһ
ٶȹһͷҲû̧ǰûʲôԸĻǾ뿪ˣǰѡ
ȻԶ˹ҲôŻȥˣ˵˵ҵΪʲôôҪũٲݾĲƪ
еĲ豭վϾߵ˰յǰһεľӿùİֱ̾ҪС
ŽߵжʱЩţɻӣֻǶͷµһκ飬¶ʱĵĶ
Ĳֻ֪˼ķԸصһʽףȡղصũٲݾĲƪ
΢΢ѿһ˿Цݣǿ򶨵˵ֻЦݲǺȻϾһλʵ˵ĴֳǰǸ˶ġ
һ𣿡
ƽĿŰգȻһЦת˻ȥ˵ϣũٲݾȻʲôϡ䱦мصҲǷǳģһſļֵͲɺһ˹ȡ
Ҫһǣ书ڰҲһ򵥵ԵɣҲоųɾŵĿܣ֪еģλ֪⣬˵֪ĻǾͲ̫ˡ
ԣ˵ǲ˵˵ĻũٲݾĲƪɾòȥˣΪѾҵûһĽͣҿǲύȥġ
һ˹˵һ߽ĸ˲Ĳ棬ֻһӲĹ򣬲ð˷ڵѾ˵Ĳˮ˲ȵ˷ڵ״̬
ǼҳƪǰУ
⻰жʱһ˿ɫһ־пһƺЩŵӡ
˵ĻҲô
ҡҡͷ쵽˱һƺڹ΢ɲ̾ͳһɫĤŵĶչ֮һţ־͸ũٲݾ
֮ΪҪ־³׵İѹϵЩ˵ĿũٲݾĲƪô϶ὫĿϣȥ־鷳ˡ
ڲϵǼҳѾƵũٲݾƪյһ˿̰Ĳ̰Ŀ⣬ڵľǺ׵ģƾĸˣĶ֡
֪ǰҪʲôǰһǰ
һ˼չʵ
ûʲôҪĶֻ԰ΪʲôôҪ⼸ҳƪȤ
ҡͷһЦԼһڵ衣


635 ܴ
⡭
Ҫ󣬰ԵЩԥһ֮˵ΪҪһֵҩҪռɢũٲݾĲƪʲôֵĶҪΪҲ֪Щá
Ȼ˵ĺܺϺǼٵģҪǰѣɲһ׵飬Ϊһ㣬޷׵Ŀı仯ԣ˵ʵɣЩûʵĽˡ
ʧһЦҡҡͷĸ֪У˵ɵʱʧ˼£Ȼܿͱڸ˹ȥƭĸ֪
յɫ΢΢һ䣬ٶĵı󣬱һ֮ͬʱԤ׵Ծ׼ԽԺǽլȻ֪Ķ֣Ѿȥˡ
ûҵͬ⣬˭Ҳ뿪
Ц̧ͷ˵һ˾ѾΧǽϣԺԱߣһɻ̧ͷ΢ЦţͬʱڲͬλãһԿŵ־ɵһ¡
תԾ׼Ժǽʱ򣬿ӰԤ׵ĳΧǽϣʱһ֪²ˣֿṦǵһμȻٶԶԶĳǲ֪ٱ
վΧǽϵҲûʩչʲôʽǴƳǿ˳ֱӿԾеĸȫƻ˵ϣһͬʱŵ˵档
ʲôӦζ˼£紩һмٵָӶĵǵϣ˶ľͷһվ˿á
ڿ˵˰ɣ
˵ϵ˹Ķ˲豭Ц˵
ǰǺ֮ǰûʲôԹǲԸ⽻ũٲݾĲƪҲôԴǰɣ
ǿڵϵĳűյѨʩչַ̫书Զ֮ϣôŬ޷ͻƷ»ָĿȨ
ȶֵģֻʩСͶѣҪ涯ΪƾǼлֵأҪɱǣһ㷴ĻᶼûС
΢΢̧ͷһ۰գĴ˴豭תĲҶ
ǰҵĻܣǰɱǣҲǲй¶ֺġ
һŬĳ԰Ŀƣһ߶Ȼľܾ
ӦðⷬԶҳϴ͡
ҡͷһЦһ죬һ͸Ľָ̾ŷ˰ϵһѨϣֻƬ̲Ĺ򣬰϶ĺͿʼ˳Ŷͷ£ɫҲŤ
Ǹ̵֣ͦģҾͿ̵ʲôʱ򡣡
Ŀ˰һۣ漴ᣬϸϸƷ˱е裬ֻӲʱ䣬վѾֲȥˣһѪ۾ҲһƬͨ죬Ѫ˿Ĳ
˵
ڣڼ˽ʮ֮ﵽ˼ޣǿڵľʹҧأѵ³֡
˵ͺˣҲֻũٲݾĲƪҲνܶ˵ûá
һЦͷҲû̧һָεĽ̾ͽ⿪˰ϵѨ߽ẕ̌ڵأȫһͣЪĳ鴤һ֮Ż˾
ũٲݾһܴܣ˵ֻмһܷİأũĶ书ҩͰũٲݾڡ
Ϣһ֮󣬰Żĵ˵
ũҩũٲݾڣ
ʱ΢΢һ㶣̧ͷ̱ڵصİһ䡣
ϢȻҲ֪ǴﴫģǿŶȺܸߣںܶڰռɢڸũٲݾƪֹǰ¡
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˼Ȼǣ˵ũҩѵǷôľҵ˳ɳԭҩǵע⡣
ŵ˵ͷһ˼顣
ũƾҩһǵľ֮һ书ȻǸҪõģǰҼУҲ̵ֻôˣЩڰĴȣǲʲô
մ˵
ˣ߰ɣ鰽һٲĺãĺܶЩũٲݾĲƪǰҺҵĲУֻȡ
˰֣˰պ뿪־˼һ
ϵܣϢĿŶм֣
־һ裬ںʵ
ϢĿŶӦеģҲ²ûдĻѰķˣЩũٲݾƪǼҲҵҩ
ӳ˼лعһЦ
ŶĪǻʲô飿
־ʱȤʵ
ǺǣϸҲ޷ũٲݾⲿȷģҲǵũⲿĲľģũϵĺ˸Ƴɾ棬ݲ
Ц˵
ʣ˵ũϵûк𣿡
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ũϵк˵ģΪԵʣ˲ûйݣΪũϹǲûôǿũٲݾԾһֱݣĬĬĴ
˵ǰЩʱҲ⵽ϮΪһ峤Ҫı״ĵĳһֵũٲݾƪȻСĽɱ˶ˣѾˡ
ƥﻳûǿʵµĶûа취û뵽ũϵĺҲ䵽³
־̾˿Щϧ˵
ﾺʤ̭ķû˿ӱԶҪϣڱ˵ʴϣ޴ѡ񡣡
˵ͷид˵
֪Щ֪Ϣ᲻ôռЩɢũٲݾƪȻľĵȷģǵĿѾȫҩϡ
־ҡͷ˵ũΪһֹ֣ĲǴҩռһҽѧũٲݾû뵽ڵ˾Ȼĩãⲿݡ
ǿƻԶ׷Ŀ꣬ũٲݾҩȻ׷ϾũϿǿ书֮һȻǲûɵġ
Ҳ̾˿ȴһ˿˷ܵɫΪ֪ũٲݾʲôطҩĻôⲿѧ伮ȻҲũٲݾڡ
а⣬ҪѡһʱȥһˣⲿһʱھʲôũϽҩ˾ڣδؾûʲô⡣
ϸ磬ʰһ£ھͳɡ
һ̧֮ͷ˵


636 쭳
ڶ磬־Ѿ˶˻˽ӻۻأʱ־ͺ۵ĳԱסһ𣬷طܴҲһ䡣
۳Աѵʲôˣ־ʳƼϸҽ۵ĳԱֻҪˣ־Կٵĸԭ
־ĵ۵ĳԱҲʾǳĻӭϾһλͨҩŵĶԺǿܹ󱥿ڸˣȻ۳ԱǵʵǳԵĶǲݲ£ֻҪӪͳˣ־ĳȻǲܱȵġ
ʱź־֮ȥһ˼󿪳ȥѧУƱһȻѾȥѧУûˣû飬ҲһѧУ
ԭǱ߻нҪע˾ͽ㣬̽˾ͽ㱳صڼȻѾ֪˾ͽʦǵѪٻݦֻҪٻݦǱߴϢͿˡ
漰ħڲ⣬ҲƵ̫ʱΨһٻݦƸħǱߵǿ͵ʴˡ
ѧУﰲĴһ죬˵ѧУʱõϢʱ䣬ԻȻǵϿΡ飬ͬѧ죬ⲻˡ
ѧʱǰһȥȥˣ˾ûʲôڹ˾һһ˾δҵչͿ뿪ˡ
뿪ʱҲͦģöûмˣܲŮǿˣлǺǣҵģڼȻʱ䣬ȻҪȥǱȥġ
ͺգ·ϵźƵʱһϵеķγʻͺպ󷽣ֻǿһۺӾѣҲû⣬ϾǮ̫ˣһ۲ʲô
·߸̵ƣɲĸͺյĺ棬ע⵽ˡ
˼ǾͿܸɣ
һ˿ζ飬һºӾ͵һŲţͺնʱһ̥ڵϼٵĦһ̣һĴ˺̵ơ
ٵͬʱҲͻȻת٣ͺյĺ洩˺̵ƣڵһº̥Ħӡǡ
ҹĵ·ϣɫĺżٴʱһ·ڷҵ̥Ħ漴һȵ˦βƮݣͨЩ
Ҫ
Ҫ쭳ȥû˵ĵط֪
ʱʱľ·ߵ˱ٶŵȭͷһʱѾԶȥˣǵ
ٵڵ·صĴԦѹͺյļܷΧڣƵľֽͬһ㡣
۵ļʻ߼ҲȻĸȻα·˦˿ò˶õʱͻ׷ʻҲǸǳ
ȴԽƫһĹѾ뿪˷˱ȽƫƧĽ·ܿͺյٶȽͣ·ߵһڵϹĹԱߡ
Ϩ³
˳ź󣬸Զı۳Ҳͣ·ߣ·΢ĵƹ⣬ϡԿ۵ļʻλһŮˡ
ǸŮ˲û³˼ǾôĽͣʻŮҲһĿû˿Ҫ˼
λѣôԶľ룬ѵôװĲȻԸҵͺգװҲǸְ
пͺյĺԱߣһЦҲ֪˭ô󵨣ȻĿŵĸ˿ûҪεӡ
ʱԭƽͻȻЩȻĴǲݴȴͻȻ䲻ˣһʱΧձʮֵѹ֡
ͺյĳͷһӰĸ˳ȻͷŶһڵҹ£ҲɫµѾ˵һŮˣһķǳõŮˡ
Ů˵ĳ־Ӻڰм˳һ㣬ηǳĳ֣·һռһ㣬ֺȻ˳
Ȼһɫҹ£ǸŮ˵ɢָ߰ʣŰߺɫɴǴ۾ﻹɢ˱֮ϢʮƽĶĺ󱳡
˼ԭĸ㣬ʲôʱܵҵıȥģȻҶûз֣
ܵϢʱЦתȥϸĴһǸŮӵΣüͷʱɱ⣬ΪΣû´ĻӦδ棬ɱң
Ůû˵ֻĿһ˿޵ɱڻƮɢ
Ϊβ֣
ܵŮϴһ˿ĲҲ˾裬ȻŮɢϢǿǸĸоȴͦΣյģӦǺر书
䣬ŮӵͻȻʧˣͳֵʱٶȣʧٶȿνǿ쵽˼£˲ʧԭأһ̾Ѿͷ
һΣһĳͳУκƵҲձеʿʺնŮеĵȴǺܱûкĵ
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ŮеȴΥԭʮֵĹ죬ķ̶˿ûлɣлûеԣһɷϢѾ˹
谵ĵƹڱĵϣȻЩ۵İ׹⣬ɼĵжô
˲һξ룬ֻǽż΢ķξѾͬˮһȥһڵǿ͸ɲǼ͸ȫλá
ŮȻʵȲǼ쾳֣һڤڤ޵ΣȴʼΧò˾衣
Ҫɱһ˵ʱʵĸߵֻһأܶʵߵһɱˣΪصķʵ̫ˣѾ׵쾳Ҳǲò
Сʹ괬עǲġ
ŮӰγ˵ǿҵĵҲ֮ӵϲ˳Ѹ磬籼һ㣬˵ξնȥмľ뾹ȻǱһ㣬˲ͱ
ص˶ú󣬾ȻһʵôǿŮˣɱһ㣬ʵͨɱȴҪǿ̫ˡ


637 
ٵĻ֮ļ࣬͵նȥǸŮҲٵ׷˹еᱡʿٴξ
һãûͳκεȴǳһʵ̶ȲǸŮ֮½˲ײϮǵ
ֲͬ۶ɵıУصײһһȻͻȻ쳹ܣһƮˣܿըˣ˲ǰͻһξ룬ٶȳһʵĽ
ֱȻǰ৵һնۻʱųŮն˹ȥȻ͸ģʵĽȴѾʵ壬Ż谵ĵƹ⣬ȥͬһɢŵ⻪Ĺ⽣
һ˿ȣŮͬһõеĳʱͽײһζʱһ͵ĵһξ룬оȵɫʱʢ
ȻûϵƾʹóȻӵܹʵʵ̶ȣеĳӲӲײ˿·磬ֱΪֹеĳɻһ
ĵҪ͵ϮңҪʵһ㣬Ļôʵû취ɱҵġ
ǹһ˿Цݣ֪ŮӲûʹȫԼҲͬˣղŵ񽣵ĽֻʹʮصתѹѣѾŮӺˡ
Ȼ˵ĻвмһˣŮеɫȷ࣬ʵӸղŷǽѾɼһߣʵȷǷǳǿ
ŮӲûֱԭأ޳鶯βûյ˿Ӱ죬һ֮£ٶȳ˹ȥٶ֮ͬǰһ١
ݣŮӵٶȻָ֮ǰƽֻһƵɱƮɢŲǰƵɱҲڻʧ岽ʱͻȻ˱仯
˫һչŵǱĳʱٵķܲϵѭ趯һۿɼľ̾ͳǰһӣǸֱһĿͷ˹
ٴηһӵʮصתѹȻֻǶ̶̵һײڿĵʱǿȴǽˡ
ղʹõĽִĴָ̫ξʹĽΪ̽佣صǽ·۾ʯ쾪֮ƣһײǸ̾ͱǿ
һʹûͣЪ˲ʮӶڵ˵ʮµתѹʹʹָǳɣĵֵֵȫ
ǸŮӿɾͲˣ˵ɷĽҪȴô׵ģȻеĳһҲǼ򵥵Ļɫǽ֮󣬵ϵѾˡ
ڵʱǸŮǿеĳٶȺͽնһΣвķһߣ˫һ飬еĳʱ˳ȥ
һĻǶʱһ˿΢Цû˳Ȼ֪Ůʲô书Ǵһʼʹ˳Ȼóʹˣ뿪˹õĳʵ϶ۿۡ
Ҫûʲôϧ˼кѾǼֲˣ߳ɫջ޵ĻᣬԶʾĵġ
׷ʣµļһ˹ȥڵɲǼһǿ͸ֱӸѹǸ˵Ůӡ
ܵͻȻǿƣŮɫһ䣬ȻĳˣⲢζѾʧȥ˷
һתͻȻӡӡ֮ڿлһĹ켣ֵĴĴָȻԼĸֺϲĴָĵһ
ڻû׷ǰܸоŮڵѸӿֲȫɲǼ伯еһ𣬶̶̵һ˲䣬ԭɽŮӣȻһ󵭵İ
ԭûʲôǿϢŮӣͻȻһɽ緢һˣȻ˲ҵʹҲ޷ѹôҵĲֻȫͷųˡ
ȻŮӿǳǿ󣬵ȴǷĿˣһɲ֮䣬ŮӵɫȻ԰һ£ֳѪɫȻǶʲôط֮ܡ
ƾаطʱǿʵֻ˵ѡ˶ҵǰطղãܵĻᶼӵС
ȻһЦɳŮӱȥһңңֶŮӵΣһǿ̴ӿ֣ǽʮƼ߶ǰס
ŮӵɫһǶͷȴ˿˿ƵĺȻʩչطǷǳɣ͸֧طʩչһֺܴˡ
ȴǲںʵԣŮӾʩչʲôطȫԸ֮¶ǲΪģʱ쾳Ҳη塣
ĵȻ߶׼һŮӵط֮ʱͻȻһ˿΢֮ķѾ˼£Ĳһܹ֡
һĨΰ΢ķ˲ͳ󣬿òǸǰһֱڱ۳ڵĿŮӣû뵽ŮӾȻҲһ֣һʵŮӻҪӡ
жʱ΢΢һȻղŮʼڳûһʵȻĸ֪Ѿǳˣ϶ʲô书
뵽Ҳ̫⣬˲һת貨΢ΪıɲǼǸϮŮӣǸŮӵûòͨһ洦ɼ긾Ůӡ
Ϯ긾Ů˲ת֪͵ϮѾʧˣϵƶʱأ羪κһ㱬˳һȡ
ȣʱ΢΢㣬Ϊ긾Ů˵ĲǻĵԣƺձķԣǱ׼һʱҲû˵ʲôֻǾһʽơ
Ȼû긾ŮĻʹʽȴǿеĸܵһɾ޴긾Ůӿֳڿһɽʵޱȵĵ¶ֱն
ܵûǿޱȵѹѾõϵĳ·ɢ˿ΧһΪڹظҳͺܴһĶ֮󣬼ֱһСΧڵɳ
΢΢һݣ긾Ů֮ҲЩȣһûж㿪ԭŮ֣˳תͷֱӶͷһĳ


638 ǧ
ʮƵƹ棬ʽƺûʲôǿʩչһǿ֮Ʒ൱˵ġ
ֻһƳһ̴ķͷϿյľ޴ĵײһ𣬷һ޴ıը㽫ΧһƬԲʮ׵ĸɾ·档
·ϵǿֱӴˣԶıۺͺգ˵ӿصĻζ˼£ǱͺأҲҪƶ
긾Ůһ֣һֱӴŮӵߣжʱһߣ
벻ĴжʱһȣΪǸ긾Ůƺһ㣬ʹǰֱʧˣͳŮӵԱߣĪ֮
Ȼ˾ͲҪˣ
һЦȻת˹һ˿˷ܵɫղѾ֪Ů˵ˣ϶ձߣ˵Ĺء
еһ䣬ʮƶʱٶȲ˰ԵƥչΪٱƷܣȻû壬ӿľѾöŮͷɢƮ
ձĸ֣ҪɱʱȤ׼Ů£ȥúõһҲ˳һձʱҲҪȥձģǱҪȥ׷һġ
ǿһƣ긾Ůʱɫһ䣬ǰеʱû뵽ŮͻȻһץסֱۣ˦һԡ
Ůһ̤ǰ΢һϸָյʮ£һɰʱڿγɣǰĿռȫ
ǿѾ˵ٲóѹ׵¾ҪˣҪ߶ֻһֻƴһѰһˡ
һ֮ڿпٵӿĽ෴ζ
ϸô࣬һưԵޱȵĽʮֱӵͷ£̾ײŮӲڿео֮һȣ˫֮£˲ʮŽ
ϵըڹĴصԭһƬĹڶ½½˵ƹ⣬ȻϢĹҲӶıŪˣ׼ôһ¡
һ˽ֵͲ˵ϵĳˣ޴ĳ·涼ըһΣеĴ쮷ɵʯ·мһ׵Ĵӡ
ŮӲǲ֮һмĴӣϧŮʧȥټ
Ĵ鿴һüͷʱĸ֪ûзŮʲôʱ뿪ģɼŮĶݷǷǳĹģȻԽϢ֮á
ΧĲ鿴һνϵĳ˶ͬķλһĻҪǱ˿ˣټΧ谵ĵƹͺĻ»ĻΪǼˡ
ûѲŮ뿪ټҲͲڶѾ˹ﴫ˵ȻЩѾˣϾҪ߳һΡ
ٵĻصͺڣ֮̾뿪ˣ۾ͲҪܵˣҲûȤһԶĻȥҲǿ϶鲻ʲôϢġ
ӶԷַȻһɱ֣ڳʲô׷ٵϢʵ̫ͣ۸пǴ͵ģԼĳ
ص·ϣһ߿һ߳˼ڵľԽԽˣǻĵִҽڹϣձ綼˲˽ŮͻȻ֣ԲǺԵɵġ
ֻԭ򾿾ʲôһʱ仹Щ²͸Ͼϵڶ࣬Ҳ֪һ˱˵ע⣬ЩܶصĺܺãӦò׵й¶ȥŶԡ
ͺ뿪˲֮뿪زԶ·񷿺棬Ӱȵ˳ʱĵ·ѾʮˣΧ·ͻȻֵĴָָ㣬һɻ;ȵı顣
˿Զͣ·ߵı۽γȻĳһӾ˳Ͼǹأָ߼Ľγĸʿǲ󣬶ʱ򱼳۳Ǳ˹ȥҪʲô
Ǹ߳ûмԶһӰֱ˶ˣһĴٵԱߵĹ˶ʱ̱ڵأһʧȥ֪
ڷŵЩ֮ŮͻȻһ漴ٶȴһĲ·Ĵ֮У֮յڴӵıԵͣס˽ŲһѪɴʪˡ
С㣬ôˣ
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긾Ůæ˵ͷŮӾͿٵߵ˱۵ĳԣ󷢶뿪˹ء
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ǰǧҶܿһǧĴС㣬ߵ֯ǧ乤Ĳһʵֱ֮Ҳһλǳǿߡ
֯еǧҶܿİ˰֣ɳϾôһ˫ųë۾΢΢ĬĬĵϢŻָڵƣҪþ޸ĵط


639 ı
ǧҶܿǴƵļɢһ󵭵ĹΣȻڵѾȫڽĻָڵƣ֯һ˿Ĵš
ûõĹǧҶܿһ˫Ŀһ˫峺һ۲ת־ᶨв԰ΣٿһԺ촽Сһڡ
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ÿµʵʵǵ鱨źܴռ鱨ѾʱˣҪʹӰݣǶûа취뿪
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С㣬ǸʵȷǺǿҸоղղŶûʹóȫӦǹ˼Ա߹ϵͨˣĻƾʵǿ²һлߡ
֯æ˵СڵƣҪҪеĻǷһҩɣ
֯εļƻ˺ܴ©ȥЩռ鱨һҪúõһͺǣֱ̫ˣǣṩЩûмֵĴ鱨ģ
ǧҶܿһ˿˵ҵƲҪطѾܹʹˣֻǸĴ۴һЩѣղŴ߶ʱ䲻Ǻܳ˺Ǻء
̫ˣС˵һ˼ĶУ֯Ѵ̣
֯Ҳ¶һ˿ɵɫС㣬Сʲô⣬Ҳӹĳͷ뵽ǧϿ棬ɵһ뵽Щṩ鱨Ҳɱ
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ϣӿٶռĳ־ͬһ㣬Ȼʱ伫̣ѾʮֳҵĹâһʵ̫쳣ԴǲǺ׷Ķйء
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İɣС㣬Ǳһץǵģʵ̫ǿռ鱨ʱҲҪСģǧܱʲôߡ
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ţͽȥɣˣһЩϵŪһѧݣΪתУȥͱϵʦɣֱǱߣܲѧУռʲôϢ
ǧҶֽܿһ䡣
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֪İɣʲôģڸϵϢҲ׵ĲǵһһǺĵġ
ǧҶܿҡҡͷһ˿ᶨɫ
С㣬ҪðķǸּԭֻһС壬ΪһȷϢǻԶһѣּͻȻðһǾ͵СˣΪ˵ǸϢпġ
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ǼõĻôЧ̫ˣһǰʱ仹Ǹͨ˶ѣھȻҡһӵǿֱǲ˼顣
ǧҶܿһ˿ᶨɫǧҵõôưձָտɴˣ
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ǧ֪ϢҲǴżȻΪǵһǴϢǸģʱǧһ̾ʶϢҪԡ
ֻǸʱϢûб֤ʵǧһֲ޵ķʸˣϢһȱһδ֤ʵϢǧһҲ˶ʮʱ䣬֪Ϣļ嶼ˡ
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640 ذ
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Ķ֣ʹذ참ҲҪСģЩ˶׷ɵˣںʲôֹٷִԱ˵ֻһǾȭͷлȨǶ֮ʵ³Ǻҵġ
Ȼ֪˶ֵʵһ㣬Ҳ˿ĴˣڰĽչѾһͬҪֶͨμѰ

ڳһ˰һ˹漴ԸΧһеļѰɵĽԱǳҾͲˣѵ⸽еͷƻ˲ɣ
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磬Ų⸽һеͷɸѡ·ǰĻ棬شɡ
˽ֻ˹ȥƬ·ǰһӽ򣬵ȴû뿪ǽ֮жˣҲû˶Ⱥ뿪ߵǲͬķ򡣡
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641 
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646 ϳ
һĶͷ˶ʱһ¶һ˿־壬ԭֻΪֻ¹ѣڿĻɲǽֻǻ㹦ôˣһ˲õĸ֣
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Ϊëΰû츳书ϴСܳԿ࣬ë컪Ҳǿֱ㴺ëΰߣİȫ
㴺ֵëΰΪ޿֣иְƺһֱһŰ̬
ᵽ壬ֱӾͱ˷ˣмˣûĿܣһղڿȵëΰʱëѾȷϹˡ
ʱڴվŵ˵У˴ë컪⣬ë˵вûʲôѹɫʵΪëΰЩΪ˿ȥȻëӣö˵ʲôǴҲëΰʲô
֪ڼвܴë컪ͽëΰͳȥȥˣ߸㴺ҲĻʲô飬û뵽ξȻľͳ飬һѾ޷ء
˭˭ҶӣҪú
̱ڴߵë컪Ъ˹Ĵ޺Ż͵ëΰ絶ʣȻҲ֪ëΰʲôУϾĸףӻɽҪҪΡ
ѾȥˣˮʯģµĿ϶ˣ㴺˫۶ˣֵʵС
ëû˷ִ磬ǺػģëȻҲǹңǲǿԳưһǿ壬ʲôˣҲʲôʣֱȥһʲôǲˣˡ
ǸɱǧҳҪֽʬΣ
ΪһĸףŶӱֱӴзϣǲƽģë˵ʲôֻűһҪǸҳʲôͱɱ˵
ëüͷһ壬֪ë컪ﲻܣ˵ʲôƶȥģҲûж˵ʲôȻ֣һŷɵӣʵ˼ǳϸܣҪȻëҵ峤֮λҲֲˡ
ȰСΰȥúϢҹõҽƣȫܲܰСΰϵ޸
˻֣̽ëҵˣëΰ˴״ȫӿ̧˳ȥë컪Ҳ޿ĸںһ뿪ˡ
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תͷһƽڿϵ㴺ëһʵ
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㴺˵˫ֱϣƺûʲôоһûʲô쳣ӡ
˵˵Ǹ˺Сΰ˵
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峤ҽûǾôȥˣǸ˲ܹǵġ
ëһۣ㴺ƽ˵
ܲܶԸԻᶨᣬֻҪҾͿˡ
ëûж˵ʲôֻô˵һ䣬㴺һ˿ֵɫЩϧЩźӡ
㴺ëҵˣëҴô꣬ΪëΰĸףҲë컪ԭ
㴺Ҳ׷ë컪һˣûùëΰĸףҪǵëΰĸ״Ӧ׸ëң£ëȻѡëΰĸס
ë컪ΪëҵˣڻȻΥ˼պëΰĸ׽ϵһ𣬵㴺ôë컪ʼһ֪ëΰĸ֮˱ëΰë컪ԭ㴺˦뿪ˡ
ë컪ִͳ˼صŮԣҲܼŴ˼붾صˣȻ϶ëΰĸףͲٸļޣȻôëıʾ㴺һҲǿԵģҲи䣬ë컪ǲͬ⡣
㴺ҲǸۣȻ֪ë컪һ𣬵صչëΰëΰҲ缺ôëΰ֪˶ƨɣëΰˡ
ΪëŻа̾Ϣë컪ѡ㴺ҲһоͲᷢˣȻѾˣںҲûʲôˣҲֻ̾Ϣһˡ
ͻԭҾͲ˵ˣСΰԸ˾ҲǺ˽ģһˣСΰ󣬵Ļ֮ûУץסһɲǣҵеǿѹˣԸĻ˲Ϳɱҡ
㴺Ŀһëëҵ峤лʮģִë֮ëҵʵֹ
ˣСΰ󣿡
üͷһ壬ëʱɻʵȷûпһʮͷˣȻ׾ٵѹ㣿
ҵȻῴǾһˣֻڶʮͷͣƻһѧΪСΰϷǸŮҲǴѧǸ˾ǽйģʵǳĿ£һ˿һĻ֮Ҳñ˺Сΰ
㴺Ȼ˵췢ôҲܼǴġ
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ëұǶı壬ǴعģЩΪķչ׳Բŵ˶û뵽չûãĶ֣һˡ
˵˲µģµܹ˵϶ëǲĴڣóȻϵĻ˵ë̼ͻḲ
ɲԭëҴСطˮɲ⣬㻹СһΪãҵ˫۷ˣһ㱨뷨ûУΪ֪궼Ǹ˵Ķ֡
㴺ҡҡͷվҪΪһʱĳ嶯ëҵĸСΰ飬ô˰ɣ


651 ѧУ
㴺Ļë鸴ӵĵͷ˼һû˵ֻ˵ͷ
ë˼飬㴺ҲͲ£ת뿪ˣֱȥë컪ĸӶˣʼջǼǹë컪˵ëҵΨһɣҲë컪ëˡ
㴺֮󣬿Ҳ𽥵ȥëһ˶Ե˼
ֱɫĺ֮ëŻعſһ˵ĺĿ΢΢һ߽һˡ
ȥСӡ
ëվ̵˵һ䡣
˹һͷȥëڵ˺Ժһ䣬˴˷;վ⣬ëȥ
ڷ˺ðʱ䣬ٺﶼЩë֪ëһôԴǣǿëΰǳĸ׵ĳ谮˾ëҵ峤ëΰˣǿҲûʲô³
Ȼ鲻ǵĹʱѱëҵ˲Ǩŭǣǿɶͨ˼ңܼﾭЩǺëļǲñȵģëΰǸ壬ǵӡǷǳ̣Ǿǵз߱ڵĸ֡
ں˼˿ʱվͿſ߽һ״󺺣ë
ëã
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ٺһۣһǰһĹĴ˸к
ë֮û˵ôֱ㶵Ŀˣǰ˿һë֪ëôðĹëŵ˵˾䣬°ɣѽúõĺ˵˵
ǣë塣
ٿһأľϸĽһ顣
ëվһֲ֮жʱһЦȻԤϵǺܴĹȫëΰȥϷ˼ңʲô鶼ûУϷ֮򲻹һŮӣȻ㴺˹ȥ
һȥʱͳ˴飬㴺ֽѵһǸŮû뵽Ůֽйһˣɵľͷ㴺ëΰһˣоɵĻǾ仰
ղ˵ʲô
һۣëʵ
ǸǸëҴһ仰ûô׽ҹԵëãʱҪúõһˡ
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ëжʱһѾֶ˲мˣȻ˵û꣬Ҫëҵ鷳ֱǲëҷ
ԽԽëϵҲ˲һǿѹϴһԵٺŵɫɷףҴ¼ŭͷϵëһƾͰҲˡ
ǻȥɣ鲻Ҫͱ𣬷Ҳ
һŵҪˣë˲ϵƣ˵һ֮תͷ뿪ˣվ˽Ѿɵ˵ٺء
ֱ뿪ëҵĴԺվĴ·ϣ˲ŸоָһЩղߵƺֹλˣ˶һֽٺĸо
ȥ
ܿһȦεʵ
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˵ͳ绰ϵĻƱ׼ҹ뿪
ǱͲǶˣҲֻëΰһģϼҵʱǾͺëΰ˻һǳζͶľѣֻûëΰôӲĺ̨Ծʲô飬Ҳ޶ȵģëΰ˼ɡ
ڼȻĿɽëΰˣȻҲͲüڶˣëΰӴҲǼ˼Ҫһëҵúõķչһ£ڿĻûʲôϣˣЩȥֳʲô⡣
Ҳã߰ɣȵȥ˵
Ҳͬٵ飬ȻѾ˻ƱҲͲ˵ʲôˣһξ룬һ⳵ܿ뿪ˡ
ҲһǼŮӵĵϸǸ˵ĵϸҲȥ鿴ʲôϢһ㱨
ص˷ڣëһ˾ںڰУϸ˼һٺ˵Ļ֮ͻȻ˵Χһ˶ûУҲ֪Ǹ˭˵ġ
ҪȥЩ˵ĵϸ𣿸ղС˵ĻҲˣǸ˿ɲʲôǵĽɫ㴺ûз֮һδͰˣҪ㴺Ҳʮпɣ
ëĻʱ򣬺ڰͻȻһƵ
ߣСҲվиޣĵϸȵʱʱ򣬽ϼѣδؾͲܶԸֻҪһ㣬ֽŸɾһ㣬ǿҲûã鲻ǵͷϣ˵ʲôǿջ
ëһ˿⣬ڰķͻȻһ硣
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ڰеһ£ϵ˵
ãε꣬뿪ëҰɣҲǿôȷǰ̫飬һʹɣ
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ڰûٴǸϢľ뿪ˣϢǱڸȥë·֪ǸѾ뿪ˣҲûпڣôӱߣ֪Щʲô
ڶһ磬Ůһ緹ֱҲûʲô飬ͿŮִȥѧУʡٿһȥˡ
˸ȥ˽֮Ҳһ׼ȥңߵѧ¥µʱ򣬲ͻȻ΢΢һ٣ЩȵƲͷȥһλһŮˣǸŮҲע⵽ڿû˵ʲôֻĵͷһЦԹԵ˳¥ȥˡ
Ů˵ıǾȣΪŮʶȻûʽչ棬пİŮ˽һ飬ձǧĴС㣬ǧҶܿ
ʱʱǧҶܿ»֪Ѿ֪ݣʱû¶˿ֻǺòͷ΢Ц뿪ˡ
ͦǧҶܿȻҪɱĶǰƽƾҪؼŮҪĶ࣬ǧδ峤ִܹһǿʢļ壬Ҫֶβһ
ȻҲǳԾĴ壬ǱϾڵǲʣǧҶܿȻǲһ


652 ̥
ǧҶܿͻȻڶѧǱȽϺģŮĵĿģĿǰĻȻǳģϲĻŮڶѧ϶Ҳʲôƻ
Ų¥ôʩʩȻĸǧҶܿţŮҲûлͷ·֪һ㣬¥֮һתȥұߵĽҡ
һ˿죬жʱֲõԤУûüʲôԤеʱ߹һҵǧҶܿ˵ڶңƽʱϿεǸҡ
˼Ȼڸһڣ嶤ĳˡ
һЦѾ֪ǧҶܿݵҲڲҪǧҶܿʲô
һŮͻȻѧ֣һʱٻвģϾѾˣٹһʱҪҵϲʱ򻻴ѧ
ЩǶ鵹ûʲôִ˼ϾһĴŮǿҲۣܶѾﻹǻһŮ˹ϵ˵ܻ쵽һ㸣Ǹʱ򣬻ôô
ŮЩĮʼնûʲô飬֮;ֱһλǸλҲɣƽʱλõԱߡ
վſڿһۣҡͷһЦ߽˽ңһȥʱܶѧ־ȵĿϾƽʱٻѧУÿһͻһЩŮ
ǵõһ˾ͽ㣬˾ͽ㲻ˣҲܾûˣһֶһŮôһȥܶ˶ΪЩŮ߾ǳģϾͨѧܺã˳˧书ֱǾеõ䷶
ˣܶѾĬĬİ̾һǴʱѾˣǸŮƽʱһֱŵλԱߣȻҲǺѲ˸ϵġ
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ǧҶܿЦɽ˵ϾȻ¶СһĻΧˣʱӿ϶֮϶ʲôɸ˵ܣһʱ䣬ǵĶʱһء
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˽ȥ֮ʵǰûмͬѧѽʲôʱתѧģ
죬հõҽǧҶܿǰڶѧʷϵģΪϲĵʷĻصΪ飬ڻĴѧʷϵУѧʷϵǳҲĽ
ǧҶܿ΢Ц˵ûжʣͰԵɶ˵һأǶѧѧ
ǵģҽҿԼ붫ѧģʷҲϲǸʱѡרҵʱֱӾѡʷϵҾöһҵ˽⣬ֻаʷĻ͸֮󣬲˽һҡ
ͷһЦҲԼ򵥵Ľһ
ҲϲʷǧҶܿʱȤϵرĳ۶Եʷ֪ʶķḻ˽⣬ǧҶܿȷʵǷǳﶼ΢΢
ɲһѧģǳڵͳӵеԨѧʶ˵һǧҶܿû˵ѵģĺϲʷһϲʷˣ϶޷ʷ˵˽;ͨ
Ҫ˽ʷڻһ飬ʷֻǿм˺ܶĵʺʱѣǧҶܿĸҵʷһ˵ͷͷǵʼԴǲװйҵıǨʷ
죬ĺܶۺ죬ǰǧҶܿ͸ղŽҵʱȫˣͷβһЦȻģﻹһ˿ļ
Լʮ֮󣬽̿εĽҲ߽˽ңǧҶܿһ򵥵Ľܣʹһʶһ£ȻͿʼϿΡ
ѧгͬѧмϵôܣܶ˴ѧҵ֮һж˶֪˵ȥÿһ˵ֶˡ
ʱǧҶܿһ˸ֱĸоʷһźܶĹͬͿҲôԭ
УŵʱǧҶܿһӭ滹ײˣ˿ͻȻһİŮʱüͷ
Ů⣬ȥٺ˵
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ͷһЦûϣΪʵ̫ԣѧ˶
ͬѧôкУ԰ʶ˼涼Ҫкġ
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֮䶼ôкΪ̫Ϥˣһ㶼ǵͷʾһ¾ͺá
ЦӻĹʱȥǵУձͺѭĻҪãһ㵹Ҫѧϰ
ܶʵҲ̫ظִȫҪôӵǣҲ̳˺ܶ໪ĻеɣҪĽġ
ǧҶܿҡҡͷʷʮֵϤȻһҲָơ
һʱ䣬ϿζںǧҶܿ죬˺ܿϤѧʱҪǧҶܿؼңǧҶܾܿ顣
˾ңͲ鷳ˣͬѧ
òǧҶܿ΢Ц˵
ǺðɣҾȻȥˣ
Ҳǿ󣬵˵ͷͿͺ뿪ˡ
˲֮һСܾͿ˹֯ʱ֯Ĵ粻ͬһǳְҵŮװϻŻ鼮ȻļƻѾʼʵʩˣ˶ѧһʦĽѧ
С㣬Ӵĸоô
ؼҵ·ϣ֯һĬǧҶܿʵ
򵥣ƽʱһ˿һûУһʮֿµˣһʱҶѰҸָĻᣬҷʲôʱ֣ƺᱻʶһ㣬ͷ·ȫ۾ָоеëȻ
ǧҶܿ΢΢ҡҡͷһ˿ɻ
ôܣû˿ȫı־ģѵô񣿡
ֵ֯˵
ʵ㹻ǿĻǿһģ쾳ߣصʶʱر־裬Ҫ͵Ϯһλ쾳ߣǲܵ顣
ǧҶܿ˵


653 ˵Ϣ
쾳⼸֣֯Ľ¶ʱһɣٶȶʱŷӦ˹²ţٶнٶȡ
ⲻ̫ܰɣ
ҡҡͷ֯˵ǸŶͣôܾͳΪ쾳أ
Ȼ˵ʱȽСʵܽӽ쾳Ļ˵Ҳпһ㣬Ҿ㲻Ҳпʲô书һбȽʵ
ǧҶܿҲЩɣȻô˵ǿ϶ԸѾһ쾳ߵģһĻǵҪɹǲܵˣҪɱһ쾳ߣֻɳһλͬ쾳ߣɹĸʼֱ΢΢
Ȼ߽쾳֮ʵͻȻ䱩ǣʱĹȥ쾳ߵʵԽԽģеԶ֮ǰľҪߣҪʤǿһЩֶΣҪĴ쾳ߣɲô׵һ¡
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ǧҶܿ˵ֳ֯ʵ
ʱȲǼҪǶ໨ʱҲֵõģֻҪܵõǼС
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ȻС㶼ô˵ˣ֯ȻûʲôһŲȥܵ÷ɿ죬һ͹չ·ڣʧããĳС
ص֮󣬸ͣóͽӵ˶ĵ绰˵ֱӴӵ³˳ٵĸϵۻء
ˣļҸոսܳģҾе̫ˡ
¼ڣһļļܵĵȼʾǾܣǧ߻ܣѶȷǳ󣬻Ѱ֮˵Ļڲ֪£Ҫƽļĸʷǳͣǵ˶һж˿ܡ
ҪĴǶϾԽЩļѾ˵ˡ
ļϣȴǺǧйأᵽ˶еּңҲļ壬ʾүүȥһձһһֵĶʱѵĴҲǾ޴ģܿûʲôãүүȴɼ
ǳᣬǧһҲμˣʱҲܸȤμ۸ʵ̫ߣղòղأҲ䵽үүС
ʱүӻǼõҲûкͱ˵ȫԼղ
ںһżȻĻ£ʱμӵǸǧ帽ղһصϣоȻжүղصǸأӵзǳǿ׵ֻ֮ǺѲٿأʵǿʹûЧ˼
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֪Ϣ֮ǸС̾ͰϢǧ壬ʱǧ峤ѾǧһˣǳϢ̾ͽΪǧ߻ܣٺʱУǸСҲǧˣϢӴ˱
׵֮
üͷʱЯ׵֮Ʒǲģ֮˿ܶ׵֮ûʲô˽⣬ȴǷǳġ
׵֮У췣ӵƥԵһĶܴ׵Уܹʹ׵֮ķҲǺٵģƵĲһ䡣
Ȼһ̺׵֮ĶʱȤҲɻ󣬵Ļ£ԭӦóЩŶԣƫƫͳˣװеĳ˯ڵ֮ϣⱾͷǳĲ˼顣
Ƿϣϸļ˹ǼĴţӲǺأһͨƬѣɫɫдһЩɫ·ƬһͱĴָһ㣬ȷʵ̺źǿ׵ѾŴ֤֮ʵˡ
ЩҲ֪ⶫʲôҲҲʹõİ취ֻ֪Ƭͻӿֳ⣬ǳǿһ֮Ǹ޷ֿġ
ΪܳͷҪ׵ӵпһԣκε׵֮ǰҪ⵽ѹƣʱ֮Ϳռ֮⣬ȼϣ׵֮ΨһɵĹͨһʹ׵֮Ƿǳµġ
ǰʱҲȥ׵֮һֱûҵʵĻᣬյʵʶʱҲû׵֮һֱеź
бΪʯƬоһҲһҲ˵ʯͷʲô֮ȵ˵оȻɲҲʲôо
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Ƿݽܵϣ˼һ󣬿Ŷʵ
ûˣ⣬ڶϵ˾ˡ
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ãɾˣκ˶Ҫ𡣡
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ִɾĲȻΪʲôҪôϰ壬Ȼ鲻úôɣһľǷǳߵġ
йʯϢ⣬˭øߣһ־֪ͨҡ
֮ǰֽһ䣬ת뿪˼ҡ
ص˼УŮ˸кԿֿͺ뿪ˡ
Ҫȥ
Ųӳ㣬ϻϵΧȹɻڿӵأղڳû˵Щʲô
ãȥ飬˵ǲԷˣǲõˡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ȥʲôˣϾʲô鶼˵ġ
Ҳֻεʼ磬Ųӻص˳ʼڼҳԷ˻ҪԵġ
ų˸߼ܣֱӱүסñȥˣѾһʱûȥүˣԴȥ̩Ūȥ֮ͻûлүӡ
Ÿ߼תһȦܿ˸߼ܣٿһ·֮͵˶棬ſڵϳͺգ̴ԶŷС
ʮ˺ţһĸʽŷϱүϵĵط
˴ſڣ̾Ӷ˹ˣû³ʱ򣬸үӼʮϹܼҾվ˱ſڡ
үԹû
ϹܼЦеʵ
ûأѧУǱ¿κֱӹˡ
ҡͷһЦ
̫ˣүҲȥүһ԰ɣүӿһʱûˣ춼߶أ
ϹܼҶʱЦһ¥Ĳ˹ȥ
ûǱߣϹܼҾһ䣺үӣүˣ
СӣǺþöûˣ
ʱүʮЦ


654 ʯ
үӣⲻ
Ц˽ȥүӵֱߣүӴֲڵĴ˵
֪æҵһһҪģүүȻʹˣЩ黹ܸһ㽨ġ
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ǴԻ״̬ͱڤصһģһӦɹˣȻҲͲپЩϸڣ΢ʰһ֮һѾӶѨʧˡ
ɽһ࣬ʱ½ҵıҲˣֵҲӦûˣȻ˶üɽǾ˳ȥתһȦǻû˳㿴ҶϦǲһˡ


658 õԤ
뿪ɽ֮󣬴ʱѾǽӽʱ֣Ȼ̫ܶɽﻹǷǳģϾɭֱءľȺյǣ˿䲻
˷֮һݾ͵һŴ֦ϣ˼֮ʧԭأֻ֦΢Ļζ˼£ȴѾ֪ȥˡ
һıڤͬڤĺôǾǿ׾ٵκһ书书ĺԵڤģµ˿
һ˼˹ǺͱڤκһйأҲ׵ģκһԣҪЩԭҪǿĶ࣬½ҵ½ұǧľѧȷǷͬСɡ
书̫ѣ½ѾưˣỹڷŴһСطͼ¹Ĵ̨
ԼôɣֻǻһҵĹѾ˱ڤԺֻҪϵļͿˣǻһѾʧˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǿ󣬾м䶼βʧܣӲһͦ˹Ҳһɢ޵³
ڱڤĴ߶£ԭʮƮ貨΢ƾնһ˿صΪΧķûпȥѹƣҲʧӰ٣˿ķƺڤһ㣬ͷ·һ޴ĺڶڲͣΧһС
ӸղűչɽλҪϵɽҪʮɽͷ˵Ȼʲô£书쾳ʩչṦٶȿ磬ɽ֣Ҳ˿Ӱɽּһؿٴ
һŲ£һֻŰ쵻Ƶľ޴ϻڵͷ˺ҧһֻͷӣղŲʱĴȻζ͡
ʱǰһӰͻȻವĻȻΧȴû˿Ϣ쳣һĻ֮һӶȫëҲըŴĿĶܵ
ȥʮӵʱ䣬ΧʲôҲûƽϻҡҡͷſͷ˺ҧ⡣
ղһĲӰȻˣҲǸ֪ǳĲʳܲղžˣϾЩﾭĽĲʳ츳ǷǳˣڸӦһ棬ҪԽ൱еͨ˲֪١
Ҳûȫʩչ书ƾһֻϻǸϢģǸϻܹɾڵֻ£Ǹܵ顣
ֲЩδҪѶȿɱˣ½ֻǼ򵥵ĿǣпҪǧʱ䣬ˣҪöࡣ
УǧʿʵǿѾԽǷ񾳣ͬʱ䣬鳤пǶδɼһ鷽ȷŵơ
Ϸˣ˸ղŵֻϻ֮ɽּǰ˴ԼСʱʱ䣬ԶԶĿ˾ּԼԼ¶һǷݣ²һٶȽһĹѾ˾ֵſڡ
ʱſһŻɫ۵СڴɨһصҶͻȻһİ˵ĳ֣ʱŵþһ£æеɨ㣬תɿܽ˾ø׼к΢΢һ㶡
ӵʱ䣬߳ãûʲôӡ󣬲ȻϵϾһʱƾ׿Խʵ˹֣ЩСüʶ
ԭˣ
ͷһüԭɫʱͱˣȫЦݡ
ڶüɽʱҲˣʦ̫ûл
˵ͷ΢΢һЦĿ⿴˸ղǸܵСãʱǸСʦǵıĵĴǸССвɵһЦ
ǻûлأʱҲˣ֪ôڻûзء
Ǹüͷһ壬Щֵ˵
û
Ҳüͷǲô̫ƽʱ㻹ûĻ˵ͻʲô顣
ǵģҲûյʲôϢһ˻𣿡
õ˵ͷʵ
ұҪߣѾʮˣǿʲô鵢˰ɡ
˵ͷ˵һ˼ӡ
ҪżĻס죬Ӧúܿͻˡ
Ǹö΢΢һЦ
ҲãҾ졣
ֲõԤУһʱҲ˵ʲôоֻõ˵ͷ߽˾֡
ѡһɽ᷿סûʲôһֱڷ澲ո˱ڤܶطҪúõһܽڤ񹦵׵ķӳҲԽԺķա
ʱлĹȥˣɫĺһСùҪҪͣûеõظҲһ˻ȥˣ֪ǲҪʳģڵѾ㹻άճġ
ɫķף̫ڵƽµһ쿪ʼˣһҹ˷ߵԺĺ峿ɽּʿϸĸųʪĿڷβѭĸо˵ľˬ
ˬĸоʱһ΢ѪζͻȻ˳ſıǻԭ΢۾۾һĹâһξʧԭأһѾ˾ֵĴſڡ
ʱĴſڣǸСɨŵأھֵشïּܵ䣬ſܵҶǺܶ࣬ҪĴɨС
Ϻá
Сü֣ʱСĴ˸к
˵ͷû˵۾һֱǰƬ֣ѪζǴﴫģȺһĹȴʲôҲûг֣⵹Щɻ
ȥ￴
С˵һ֮һͽּ䣬գۼĹʧӰˡ
Сø˵ЩʲôʱͲſȴѾʧˣֻεıͣɨſڵĿ֦Ҷ
˳Ѫζķһ·ȥڽһƬּ䣬һ̱ڴµã·Ĵ磬Ǿֵˡ
жʱһǰеٶȶһãֱӳõԣϸļһǸõ״̬Ѿ˹ȥ˳׵ʧȥ֪


659 ħ̣
ãһ͵ΧƬ̵ĹѾܷԲһڵĵطһߣϸļһΧֲûʲô쳣Ҳû˽ֵĺۼ
ɻķǸõߣ۵糸ĸϻ˾֡
ſרɨصСãһӰһʧ˴ſڣʱҪŵü뵽̶ɨ㣬æסͣŰһбƺߡ
ʱڵǶѾˣÿնҪùΣı𴲿ʼ׼ˣͻȻһѪýҶʱŵΧ
ʦ㣡
̾ϳǸãһʱʧ
ôô֣ˣ
ʱһʮϵſڴ˽һ˽òʮֵϡ
ýˣΧЩǶʱ֨ˣһͷ˵Ȼʮ־á
ӴǸõӴתȥղŵ㱨һҲǵһμãǵĽ̸вŵ֪þȻʦ̫ʦʦֻ̫һʱʦ̫ˣûмš
ҿ
ʦ̫һ֪˵ģϾǴξ֣֮Ȼ˸顣
ߵĵߣʦ̫ûе飬ץĵʼϸļһüͷʱһ壬Ĵʱڵʮֵ⣬Ѿһ˥ߵ״̬Ȼǳ;Ϯ֧֮Ųסˡ
ɣĵЩأٲʱľΣܿҪ֧Ųȥˡ
̾˿˵ҪҪѹʾʲô飬ǲǺʦ̫һȥ½Ҳμӱ᣿
ʦȷǺһͬȥģ֪ôһôصˡ
̾ÿ϶Ļش
ˣʦ̫ǿ»д鷳ˣ
ʱɫһ˵ʲô̽ķڱһ̳һİ
ڵȻ͸ЩĵһĴ̣Ĵĵڣһ㵭ʱ壬Ƥ¶ԼԼ͸˵ɫĹ
õǲ֪ڸʲôֻǽŵĿģϣܹİǵʦƺãֻʦ̫һ˿𾪵ɫȻϳʩչ书ǴѾҽʧʧĴط
ӵʱ䣬һӣϴ鳲һ㣬ȫԶİУһͷһۻ̹ע˽ȥԭԲѵ̾۾ƵЧֱͼӰ
ѹһʱ仹ûлعǰһѵʦΧ˶Щˡ
һ֮ЩɵͻȻعվؽеʦأȥʦ
ôˣģ
ʦ̫ǰȥĵĺ󱳡
ʦ壬ѣڶϷǱ߱ħ̵ΧסˣƴͻΧŸ˻ˣûֵܼεҴϢ̴ǰȥԮ
˱ʦ̫̽˵Ǿ֪ͨɣҪСģħ̵ѾˣҪʱ͵Ϯ
ħ̣ôܣ
ʦ̫ʱ¶𾪵ɫħѾʧ꣬û뵽Ȼʱس
Ȼħ̣Ѿʼжˣ
˵ͷȻϣħ̵ˣʵϦǲǺʦ̫һ𣿡
ͻȻһ˵Ķʱһ㶣ﻹǾ֣ȫŮˣôһ˵ֱתͷ۾ʱ˿ͻȻͳϣ֮ɫ
ȥȾǰɣϦСʦҲǹѾ֧Ų˶ˣħι˵Укüһ˶ԸǣѾˣ
ľץסһһ㣬̽ץסֱ۰

ûж˵ϻʵ
Ϸ򣬹ȥԼɽͷңߵʱķλûתƷλҲ̫Ҳ̫Զġ
ļæ˵
ãȥʦ̫ǣǷͷȥ֪ͨ⸽ɣҪ߾衣
һ仰ͽı䵭ˣڳľûһ˷ʲôʱ뿪ģΪ˵ʱԭأû뵽û£ԭصӰȻͻɢˣȻµֻһӰѡ
һȥ᲻̫ΣգҿҺһȥɣ
ʦ̫ҡҡͷϾǾֵ飬һȥðգҲЩԲס׼Ϲȥʱĵһ仰ĽŲʱͣ
ʦ壬½ҵıϣѾɹͻƵ쾳ľ磬Ѿһʵ쾳ˡ
̶̵һ仰ڳһǶʱ󾪣ʶʦ̫ľȣζ޷Ρ
˵ʲôѾ׵쾳
ʦ̫ЩԼǲˣһ顣
ʱ׵ʱ½ҵĴ϶ԹһҲαĵһʵȫǺɨȫûһĶ֣Ƕ˵ûʩչȫεıԶˣֱӾͿԶĵһ֮λˡ
ĵ˵ͷǳ϶˵
֮ţ֮ţһɵĴ˷ϹѾʮˣͼǲܵ飬û뵽ŹȥûãȻѾ׵쾳
ʦ̫סĵͷһĸпɫħֵʱгһľţ֮£
˼һ֮ʦ̷̫ɳ˼˷ͷȥ֪ͨ⸽ɣǸϽ׼ñħ̵͵Ϯ˻֪ôһ£ĩ˻ǧҪСģ·ѡƫƧС·ߣҪħ̵ˡ
ھ߿ʼжʱǱѾһɽͷŶϷķٵĸ˹ȥ
֪ҶϦҲǱߣѾʩչٶȣ˼Ѿڰдڷе״̬ˣûŴ֦⼱ٵĳǱ߸˹ȥҪ˵ͨˣʵһЩ֮˶ӰɼٶȵȷѾ쵽һĿĳ̶ȡ
žĽӽѾǰмҵıײмһĺȻʦ̫ǱΧĵطѾʮֵĽӽˡ
뵽ҶϦȻ䱩ǣٶٴһء


660 
ε̫ˣȻֵ˶üļСɣֱֵ
ǣû뵽εôɣΪ֮ǵּҪܵСأڿ񰡣
ȥøľ͵öˣҪľϣǿûа취ֵôɵ㿴ѦǼͱȥˣǸӿɲôöԸġ
һȺɫۣһѪɫµΧһȺãЩñһŴɽѵĵֵħ˵ĽЩħ̵ĽͽʮֵѾսգƽֻͷ޵ľֵǣʵȫһϡ
Χļħ̵ĸ죬ʦ̫ѾֻˣǾʹΧֵֹߣڽֵĻᣬѾ£ϾµʵҲǺҪģôõֵĻᣬȻҪǶĥһˡ
ħ̵иӵעʵҲ뷽跨Ӽ˵ʵֻħ̵˵һ仰һԼȫڻң˽ʲô͵øʲô

ʦ̫еķĵֵŲϴ˷ЩħͽΪڳ֮оţȻܵ˶ĹգһħͽΧתеıʱĴӸǶ͵Ϯ˰Ͷ
ǵֵˣѾʦ̫㲣οղŻħ̵ļִˣܵʱһŵҩ¸֧Ųڡ
֮ǰոս˳ȥϣܰϢĴɣʱʦʦ̫ΧһͬħͽĹ
ȻƻǰȥǾܲܳɹǾֻˣϾĳȥʱҲ˴ˣп֧ܶŲɵУһϣǰֵĵǻڼֵΨһɡ
ǿƴ˳ȥѾеͶˣʵǼ̫ãÿһ˶쵽;ƿݵʱ򣬶ħͽΪҪ࣬ս֮¸ָ
ڽս˵ӣʦ̫һۣЩӵлкܶ඼ǳᣬϧ²˵ˣ뵽ʦ̫вɵһԭ򣬾ֿѾˣڷŴϵ˾֮ŻǰһĻķ
뵽ʦ̫һ˿⣬ڵĵͻȻһϵ˲һأȻѾʱĹڷŴ˾õԭ
ֻû뵽ǣѧûжãҪƴˣһ̾ϢȴͻȻ
еķһתšһһ㣬ֱǰħͽؿڣͷը˿İ˿մȾѪǸħͽؿڶըһ󶴡
ӴǣûͦģʱȻһ֣ôү㣡
ħ̸֣һĻʱЦһһͷװڵ˶ʱǰһƾһջʦ̫ľ罫ϵĿ֦Ҷɢ˿
ʦ̫ûк֣һΧħͽȦеķ󿪴ϣÿһλضὦһ޵Ѫɫ̶̵ļϢЩħͽʮˡ

һħ̵ĸҲ̲סˣЩ¿ɲħ̸õģԼ£չµˣЩ֮ǵʵҲҪͺܶ࣬Ժڽоûʲô˵ȨˣȻǲʦ̫ɱ䡣
һʦ̫ǰһħ̸Ƕּлʦ̫ÿһʵʦ̫ڲ֮䣬ڼл֮£ʱʦ̫ǣסˣҲûȥɱħͽ
ߣߣһһ
ʦ̫ѣۿһ˿Ѫ˳۽ÿһӶעѪԼĺһ㣬ڿЩħͽпۿҪˣĺʹ
ĵӻϳƶЩɴ˶ЩӶʦ̫ʦ̫εʱģĻᣬǺٻԸҵġ
ҶϦıϾΪҶϦĸĸʶϣͨʦ̫ϤĽ̵ıһҶϦӣóһЩŽ͵˾֡
һȺõУûȵҶϦԵĸԣòģҶϦһһĴŮɷȺҲһЩĺܿεˣͷ֮󣬿ʹʧˡ
ҶϦֵҲٵģֻˣΪǰħ̵ЩѾˣҶϦһë׼׽ҶϦȻȥúõһ
֪Щħͽдʲô⣬ҶϦôƴ޷ħͽӳȥÿһͻΧʱܻᱻħͽǲϣֱʱſʼƽʱΪʲôúõ
д̫ãӴľͨˣҲҶϦûлɹʵΪʵͨҪǿ̫ˡ
ͬˣԶǳаħͽ书ʱͲˣ׼ħͽʱް취
գֻа¶˾ģ䵽ħͽУԾڴˣħͽӡ
ʦ̫ħ̸ֲסֵҲԱʱһХͻȻԶ˹
Хɽּľһζ쳹ԲأɽͷɳХ

ҶϦһХ϶ʱһ˿ϲɫ
һ̣ھĺڰ֮һ˿ֵĸо
ڶХʦ̫ҲȽϤϾʱھִ˼죬½ҵıϣҲۿ׵쾳֮һ
ʲô

ħ̵ҲǱֻԸһЩԶ֮Ҳ֪һĸܹģХľôԶȻζʲôǵ
ǵıӦˣ˵ǰߵϣУѣ
ʦ̫һЦ۽µѪĿеһ㣬Ȼħ̸ֶŵ΢΢һ
ô죿ҪҪƺ˲õˣ
ֻʹ˸ɫһ˵źš
һվûħ̸ԥһµʱһӰ˲˳֮Уһ˲䱬ֱѹڳеħͽÿ˶Ǹоһͣϵѹ˲䶸
ˣ
纮һϯȫ


661 С
ȻݿǳᣬǴɢǹѹȴ˿٣쾳ֵӴչ¶ţڳ˳˾ֵ¶ϲɫ⣬еħ˶ҡ

Ǹͷڰ׵ˣͻȻһͷҲصŤͷܣͣʱ䶼ûУҲ˲ںħͽˣʱҪ
֣ڳ˶ʱ˱ɫƺ˭漴һɢʱҲֻܷͷˣ˭ᵹùıϣǾͿ˵ˡ
űͷܵһȺħͽһߣ˫ʵĽ̲ǿȺսʱչ˳ٶȸЩħͽԱģֻǶ̶̵Ϣ֮ڣܵ϶ϵĽ
ͨħͽԸǵĽʹõǿֻиǵĽŽ޷·ħ̵ĸ֣ûôˣʵʵĽ׷ٶȥվԭû׵شڳħͽ
ϬޱȵĽûգʹͬʱԸڶħͽĽҲûɥʧ׼ͷɼ־ޱȵĿжôĿ¡
Ҳƽʱʲôãһսʹóӳɾ뵱ˣ԰һֵķʹá
Ϣʩչ˫ͣʱڳħͽûһ˻վոջޱȵħ̸֣ҲһڵϣϵĴŴ
˿µʵ˵ЩڵϵħͽǾޱȣֵҲǿĴˣû뵽ǱƵǱҪͶħͽô׵İУϢʱ䶼
쾳ֵʵ𣿡
̫ǿˣ
ѽѹЩɶ쾳ĸ򣬵ȷǷǳ󼰵ʵ
ֵһȺǶʶȻĵûκεľ֮⣬ЩħͽʱһС
ôˣ
ҶϦܵߣһ䣬ղŻǿԳŵһģ˲Ҳ˳øϵĲε³Ρ
ղŻһ˼ħ̵ץˣ̾͵Ծĵĺڣ뵽˼ĸĸֳԼôˣǸǶô
Щ߰˰˵˼еһԭ˼ȽϵҶϦʱסˣһ˽Ļĳˮܿʹʪ½
££ֻҪڵһ죬û˿˺㡣
ҶϦĺ󱳣СİοԾǼΧصħͽϣǿѹЩħͽͷϣÿһ˶һ
ôôɳ
ȻѾʦ̫Ҳͽطʩչʱ϶̣ҲƼ࣬طһ˶ʱվһԵľֵӼ״æһѣȻҪһƨɵڵˡ
ǰĴ£żȻǾ˳ǣ˳㿴ϦûкһһĻðӻضȥ
˵ͷ˵ҵֵʱ˵ǻûлҾʱסˣҲˣƾһʱ䣬û뵽ɢʱŵѪζһ﷢Ѿιȥġ
ҹȻµĲûлصУѾ·֧Ųסˡ
ʦ̫ʱ̾Ϣһεҡҡͷ
εﾻֻһξ룬ʵж࣬Ҳһܲ΢Ѫζ
˵֮Ҳ֪Ǳħ̵ΧסˣȥͨΧɣҾһȸ˹
λǶڣǲ롣
ʦ̫˵ħٳֻһȷѪˣУ¸ڽӰ
ÿ˵ĽȻӦˣôǾӦ׼ȥԣǲܵģվб޿ɱܵһ졣
˵ͷһ˿⡣
ħ̵ôΣᣬЩȥʣ˺ߵˣǾԲģϾʵޣȥÿһˣֻоŬԼߵıãѾ㹻ˡ
Щôã
ʦ̫ŵһصħͽдźʵ
Ҹһ书֪ȥʩչһΣЩ˾ãͽҺúõʵһ书жǿ󣡡
ҶϦıǹһ˿΢Ц΢ЦħͽУȴǶЦݣһʱŵɫˣǲǲֻƽϰ۸ˣֵԼͷˣ֪־ôܡ
ڳħͽʵ͵ĶѾ֮ȻǸոս벻ͣںôҲһ˿ˣȻöñڤ񹦵ģȡҲûʲôá
Ŀһħ̵ĸϣÿһ˶ʮҵĹǼ鱱ڤĺö
⣬һͳǸͷڰ׵ħ̸ǰ
㣡Ҫʲô
˶ʱŵĶʱźˣû뵽һѡ˾һɲ˵˵ֻøҶѣɲΪʲôĴˡ
ﾡãȻ䵽ҵϣȻǰװ˷ѵġ
ȻһЦ־ֱ˵ĸڵĵɫʱתڤ̾ʹӵȫɢ˳ڵһ˴ѨһιͨһĴ
ڴγɵһ˲䣬һǿ֮ʱڴ˳ħ̸ֵ·ûиܵκεǵڵȴͻȻ䲻ܿƵӲĴڳ˳
ʲôôܣ
ħ̸ֶʱ˫ۣĶ·һУǿձڵֱһŵ顣
ħͽͻȻһӣǸµҪ֪Ǹ˵ʲôһԾŵľֵҲǺ棬ʲô
Ψһܸܵ쳣ˣֻʦ̫ħ̵ĸˣϾǵΪѾһĻ򣬿ԸӦһϢҲֻǾϵϢܹ죬Ȼ˵ʲôϢǺܲܵĪв
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ϾͳȻһ޺ģԲĺǺ񣬵һʵȴûа٣ǻʵ֮ĸ֣õٴĦԺĹඥͬѾ㹻ǿˡ
ټ˴ĦԺľѧƣһǿĹӳǾˣҦţǸʲôپֱӱͳһĳˡ
Ӵɽճõͳɲ֪ʲôʱƣ˵ˬͨͨһЩҲ򲻹ҲǷꡣ
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ҦʲôˣȻǲܶý˵ͳȻ˵Ĵ̽ϾͳڱҲǴͷȻʵǿҲĿãⶼȦӵ飬ʱ֪ͨ
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εɳƻ˺ܶྩļ壬ҶҲУȻҶҵʵȲϹżҺ÷ֳ壬ԴҲ٣Ҳܹ˵仰ļ壬Ҳˡ
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ϾϵľƻҶҵˣǲ̫ҡֻɫ΢һЩˣʵͦϵģҲǷǳľޡ
λŮʮֵĿ÷÷ͲҪ˵ˣֻҪ΢ýһЩʱһ·ڱǼ⵭һƬëɦĵף˿Կ
÷÷͸һָ߹һԽУ÷Ĵĸ߹ʣͨ˼ҿʣһִѪ͸ĸ߹󣬿ɲҪȥװ
ҶϦһ޵ĸоΪҪҶҵЩˣҶϦ²Ǻܸߣټһĺɫȹӳеʡ
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СʱĹ򣬳Ӿͻʻһ޴԰ֵشѾǵƻͨԶľ룬ѾдĻЦεɳƻμӵĶˣ򲻻˱š
Ӷǲʻ԰ģڴſڵλã÷ҵļӳֿϾͣűߣ˳򿪳÷÷ҶϦҲûţԶԶľ˸кˡ
÷÷СȻˣٴμ㣬Ǻܸ˰
Ƴһۻķֻһ˿ٵ˹ֻ椵Ķ棬Ȼģȵ÷÷ķӦΪ÷÷Ҳˣ÷÷ʱȴһЦݡ
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÷÷ŽԬصѾؿɨ˼ٱˡ
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ԬعһЦ̰ɨ÷÷ѩ׵ظתһԵҶϦҶϦ޴Ҳ۾һ
ҹۣҶϦŻؾһһ档
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ԭҶС㣬һᣡһᣡ
ԬشЦһǰ֣׼ҶϦ֣ҶϦȴû飬²źۼĺһܿԬ֡
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˼еһͲϤ˶ô׽
÷÷һЦں治źۼһҶϦ
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Ϧѣմ÷СĹ⣬һǼʶ
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ԬҲ˸֣ԿĳҲǷ£ûϣһֱҶϦ÷÷Ȼ˵ԶԶıȲŮˣȻҲ˧һڣŮ˶
Ҳ⣬ˣֻΪ÷÷ҶϦԲòӦһ¶ѡ
ԬĴ·£һ˽ȥ԰ȼ˾޴ž޴ûʲôεɳƻٰһֿҰݵĿУЩȻݼͣҲȫķſˣһ߸裬ĵ
÷÷ƽĿֵһĻûһ˿


670 Ϲ
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ҶϦ÷÷ĴһЩģŮ˸кһߵ˱ϰŲСʳĵطһڳһȦ˸λ
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ҶϦͬĺɫϵȹ͹µĳеķǳҶϦŮųϢӵˣϾǾ˵Ѭգɬƻӵɿڡ
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Ҫ˵żҪҵҶϦ׾ٵ飬˵Ƕ㵽˻ĵطȫ緶ΧڣҪҵҲһ׵飬ǰ棬мȥңֱӻؾ£Ӵ˾ڲᡣ
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㿴鷳ھˡ
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Ϧþò㳤ԽԽƯˡ
Χ˼ǹƹˣʱһڶ˵ʲôæɢһߣҶҺ͹żҵ飬ҲжţڶһϷɫ
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ү⻰˵ĿɾͲԶˣϦҵĺùۣһСæȻӦõġ
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˵ܲٲܲٵҶҵҲˣǰľҶҵļҲҶϦĴҶɣϦѾͷ뿪ҵʱҶһȥҶϦץ
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ҶҶϦĸףҲҶɵҶ֣ϸŵ࣬ҲҶϦĸףŵȫҶҵֱϵˣǸղŶһߵĹûйκ˵ľۻᡣ
ʱ֮ԵȻҶϦϢʱҶɾʹһȺ˹ԶԶľͿվȺҶϦɫʱ
ããһζôˣгϢˣξȻһҶҺ㻹
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Բ𣬹үѾˣлĺ񰮣ҳܲ𡣡
ҶϦĮȻĿһҶɣҶǳ׵ˣӸղҶɵĻͿԿһлᣬҶһǻὫãȡ棬ֱתŹƣѻ׵˵ˡ
ˣ
ֵסˣû뵽ȻǰȵסţʵȻҲҶϦһ˿оǸҶϦ飬ֻΪ˵һˡ
׼ȰҶϦŪ֣֮йżڱţҶҲܰôֻ̡ܴ
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Ҷɶʱͨ죬յõһϣû뵽ٴαҶϦҵķ飬Źһεɫ϶ûʲôϣˡ
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ҶϦƽ˵
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ҶָҶϦһð춼û˵ȻתҶֺʵ֪ǸС˭𣿣
磬ҲǺҲǸղźһ֪ϦϢĻʲôûüʡ
Ҷҡҡͷߵ֪࣬࣬˭𣿡

һ˿ԥҲʹҶϦһͬǸ˵ʲôϵҶϦҲûгϣֻ˵ѣһʱҲЩղ׼Ϊһĸףǿһ˿ߣֻǲ֪òý
Ҫµģ֪ʲôͿ˵
Ҷɲͷ˵
ξ˵һϦһģҲ֪Ǹ˵ʲô·
εС˵˵ҶҪ֪ҲǶһ飬ϾҶϦкܶ˶ˣܵõϢһԵõϢ
СӣȻһģĪ׼ҶףСʲô·Ҷͬģ
Ҷ͵תҶϦһ˿Ц
ͬͬ⣬ƺǴ˵İɣ
ҶϦҲŭʵ


672 һ
С˭ҪȢҶҵˣ͵þҵͬ⣡
ҶһߣҶֺɫЩѿǲû˵ʲôڼ֮ڣ峤ȷȨһˡ
˳ҶңӴԺҶ޹ϸ𡣡
ҶϦ˵һ˿ŭҶεĸ飬ѾҶҳ׵ʧȥġ
Ҷ߾ߵĵط
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λôƺЩ̫ðѣ
÷÷һβʱҶϦǰЩõ˵
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ҶĶ÷÷һ˿ζ
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Ҷ̵֮˵ͷһͳҶϦ˹˫ʽһ仯漴ΧסҶϦ
ҶϦһѽǰ÷÷Ƶһԣһֱӳȥˣ˱ħ֮Χ׷½ص֮Ҳ˺ܴı仯ʱԼǿȨѡ˷𷴿û˿Э
ҶɳˣѾ֮ʮʮĸ֣ҶϦԶԸģ˵һˣǵΧ֮£ҶϦܿ·硣
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ҶϦ书ҶҲ΢΢һ£ɫݵ˵
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żҵ֮ԿҶϦҲΪҶϦɫ츳һ͹ƽ֮ĺܹĻҲǴӣ˵ͻһҲ˵
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ҲЩ⣬ҶϦҲ֪һЩû뵽һ֣书Ȼͦġ
ڳĶǹҵˣ㲻ǵĻҲ͹һЩԶҶϦ˼ҵĴ򶷵ûгԾɫ
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ʱΧȺҲһ˽û뵽鵽תԭΪҶϦ϶ҪǿдҶȥˣ֪·Ȼɱһ·
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ҶΪҶҵ峤Ȼûн쾳ʵҲǷǳǿģҶϦܹԸģҶϦôѣҶɵֻǿץļ
Ҷɵּµʱ򣬿ִһƿȻжڼٵĻƿ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷɶʱ֣һӰҶϦ֮ٵ˹ȥ˲ʧԶĺڰ֮С
͵һתͷҶɶʱ˺ӰķϹŵǸӣͬһʱ䣬ҲǸǲʶϵϹȴʶģüͷʱһ¡
ϹС㣬ҶƺûϹټҰɣΪҪҶҵ飿
Ҷɵһ۾ϹգΪڱϵʶҲоʲôǿϢȻȻΪϹճˡ
Ҷɲ˵ֻѣʲô鶼û
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ҸղǴģϹС㣬ѵǱϵǸ˲ɣ
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ҲûҿԸ㣬϶ңӲϹټҵͷϣûϵҽˣ
Ϲյ̬ͻȻǿӲȻ֪֣ȴûֱвҶɡ
սŵһʱͻȻһЦĴӱվ


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ϹС㣬ҪҶҹȥˣ
ҶɵɫҲѿڵɳƻᣬڳôˣǹ˼ϹټҵʵʱҲòӲͷƤˣҲ̫࣬δ̫Ʋ
תһ룬ϹҲϹټҵһԱҲϹټϼ䣬ҲþͻᱻϹټұ뵽ҶɶʱһݣֱĿϹա
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²һС䣬ǸϦһʵǿ۸һŮӣԲųֵġ
ȻһЦôߵҶϦվ
վҶϦߵʱҶϦͻȻˣͬƽղһֱϢͣϢҲƽ·ֻҪߣûн˵һ
Ѿͷѣ
ҶɶʱĿһ뵽ҶϦղ˵˵Ļ뵽ǺҶϦһģȻȻ뵽һ㣬жʱһɱ
ǺǣĪǾΪϦѣͶɱ
ĲҶɵɱ⣬˿壬ֻɵһЦҶھʵ˲ãȻΪôС£ɱ
ļʱҶɫúѿ˵⻰ǹƻϹ˵ģɵԷļʲô̫ԵĶֻǸҶϦһëͷСӶѣеʵҲϡ
ˣʲô·̸ҴӾʧԶҪٳѾͷߣͱҲˣ
ǿѹеɱ⣬Ҷ˵һ䣬ڳô˿ţΣҲάһҶҵ󣬷ʱµĿ¾ֻҶҰޱȵˡ
һҪζҲģ
ҡͷһЦһ죬ҶϦ§˻ҶϦҲ˳ǰ
棬ҶϦʱʲôˣôߣڵһеķꡣ
һĻʱòԶĹ۾΢΢һУһĺȻȴʲôҲû˵ôվ￴ţҶҵļҶɾô⡣
ȻҪһ㲢ΪڹƵУҶϦֻǸƯŮ˰ˣҲһʱŻ곡Ϸֻû뵽ҶϦᵱڴԺȻһͻȻðһͲòСˡ
ղһöӣȻԽҶһλֵĸ첲ֱӻϣӱˮһζܸˮУȻܷӳڸưɼӵж
һλжʮ깦֮ĸ֣ܶٶ֮ҲΪľġ
ڶӣԲΪ˴ҶɣΪ˾ٶȾͿԿһˡ
ۺǰԻǾ䣬ϾżҵʵȻǿ󣬵ǼĹҲǺģǻǼһζıʱ˵̯ʰˣᱻݺݵĴһ
СӣҪƲԳԷƣҶȻھ㲻ʲô壬ҪԸ㣬һͦ򵥵飬Ҫе㹦Ŀˣ
һҶѾҪѹƲסеɱ
ЩҶΪҶϦͻȻߣ¹żҽҵĻԼû˹żҵİҶҵҲǹıȽϼѣҶһֱ֧ţڿ˹ż°ҶҵϣﻹȣȻҪŬȥȡżҵİˡ
·ϣ˸ҶңôҶһ᲻ϧһдۣЩ谭
ڵҶ˵жд̣Ҫγʵ԰ȡ
ģҶϦȻ˵ˣô϶׵Ķٶˣõİ취ǽ˳׵Ļֱģпܻת⡣
ҺҶûʲôìܣҲûȤԸҶңϦһҲΪȷϦİȫڿϦҶҺΣգôȻҪ뿪
ҡҡͷ§ҶϦֱ΢΢˽
ߣСӣѾͷҶҵˣ
Ҷһͺ𣬡ҶҵˣɲҪ߾ܴߵģ
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һ仰£ٶ˵ʲô§ҶϦת׼뿪طһҲٴȥˣûκε塣
ȻҶϦѾ˸ĸҲˣԸˣҲûʲôҪˡ
Ҫô߳ȥҶԺھ㣿
ҶһЦֺݺݵһӣСӣǸѾͷһҶңʱٺúõķ䣡
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һӦҶ˼Ҷҵϵûж⣬θҶҸֶʱһɿҶϦ
Ȼ峤ѾˣҲ˲ôˣֻҪ峤˼У飬Ƕ峤ӦС
ǰһҶҸ֣ʮͣŶ̶̵Сӣʵ֮ߵһҲͱҶɲһ㣬ԵЩһʱֻһ˳죬Ҫλұһ棬ǽڶʱ籬죬˲̽ı
СӼ󱳵ʱͻȻһ͹ֱת˹ڳôˣȻûһ˿תģֻǾ·Сһǰں֪·
§ҶϦһ̽ٶֱץסСȭ
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ϧڳ˶֪ʱҶѾȫԼˣҪվҲȫ޷ģΪȫѾƿ֮Уڵڶڷת˿˿ƵٵĴɢֱͨ˹ȥ
ֻǿ˵ô򵥵飬ҶڶѾ޷ֻôڵϣĵɴ˫۶촽΢΢ţȴ޷
һĻóڶʱһƬѻȸΪ˭Ҳ֪ʲô£֮ǲûм췭ظҲʱзģǰΣǻǵһμһжûг꣬Ȼôֱӹȥ
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ҶһŭһǰͬʱЩҶ֮ҲһϣȻзŭǹҲ˾裬Բϣ󿴿˵
ΧߵЩҶ֮˻ཻһ˵ͷЩ˶ʱɢ˿˷ΧԲȦķʽͬʱˡ
ǵǴḷ́ǿ书ٹ죬Ͼһˣ˫ȭѵ֣ͬʱΧϣ϶ƣӦҲܷſеҶˣϾֻҶϦֻܷҶɽԱˡ
һȺˣͻȻһ˿ȣ¶һаȵ΢ЦڵȻһըͻȻɿתĵɫ̷ӵһ֮쳹ȫ
͵ըһɿµĳʱԲɢȥһȺҶ֮ˣͱͻȻĳˣйǿһЩֻغ˼ɫЩ԰ףѾѪڿ׷˿
Ҷҵܵ˶ʲôˣһ֮˵ЩȫڿԳܵķΧ֮ڣƾһХ˾ͬʱҶΧʮˣʵڳ˶ʱжһҲԵı¶𾪵ɫ
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΢΢һ˲䣬ͶԱʵóĽüͷһ壬ǾпܲĶ֡
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ΪżһʮֳɫĺˣǰֻԺֵӵܣǾõļҽ̺ѵĴоԶļľӢӵܣϳеҪ˼صǾԲܻķ˲š
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СǴðģ
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ˣ˱ˣ治֪ôģͲ࣬ȥǻҪСʵȻôǿ
ܱߵ˽ʱ˳Ҷüͷһ壬ͣ˷ǰĽŲ
ղŵһ±ûн쾳ֵƺȫչֳһΪڵڻһδȫĵǶԸЩˣòŶȫɱţֻҪһ¾Ϳˡ
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ǰɫǵͨҶɣƽ˵̧ͷһҶɣ¶һ˿΢ЦǿϦϣ´εĻһҶһĽѵ
䣬ֱһֱӽڵϵҶǱൽ˿УҶҲɱŹŵƣ·˵֫嶼ѾӲһ㡣
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΢΢һЦôҶɶʱڵһֱӷ˳ȥֱײվҶɡ
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ķչǳ˵Ԥ֮⣬ҶɼҶſ׼˵Ļ֮ʱԭɵ̬˲˱仯Ȼɲ֮ͱëһ㣬·֮ǰҪײ̬Ǽٵһ
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Ѿ׼Ҷɵһ±仯˵͵ȫһȭ˿ûʵĿĸоʱһϣͷһѪ漴һѪ˿˳
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֪ʵҿ׹ȥģΪҪôĽأ߲ĸоܰɣ
ͷһӿҶʲôҲû˵Ҷ֮󣬶ʱҶɷһԣĨĨǵѪ
˲˲𣡡
ʱһԵĹȴͻȻ֣΢΢һЦһĿĵǾףǾƵصģ¹ƣ֪¸մ
һᣡ
΢΢Ʋͷһ۹ƣһЦ
ԭ֣ʶһ书ҵȺհ
˸ǿߣʹǹżҲ׵ģΪǱһ뵱ǿżȻھǿ󣬵ټĻģɲֻһѡ
ڻĹķΧڣֲССȦӣЩȦﶼһЩǿļȦӺȦ֮ǰƽʱȻǲǺУҲԼȦڻ죬ײ㵽Ȧӣֹʲôìܳ֡
ͱ½Ҿٰıᣬļ弸ûȥμӣ½Ȼǿ󣬵ǲ;ȦһھȦԹżҺ÷ЩΪ׵ģǵʵ½Ҫ
ԾħسҲûѡ񵽾£ϾΪĴӹصأиƵʢ


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ղŵ飬ֲҪ֣¶Ϧ²֪飬֮¶ð
΢΢һЦ˱ȭ˵
˵֪߲ҲΪС¾Ͷġ
ֲЦˣҲӦ䡣
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͹˵仰֮һԳĬҶͻȻ˵ˣҡڵĴھȻҶңҲδ̫ѵľȦӵһˣĪΪһ˾ܶԸĸ𣿡
Ǻǣһ治֪ԭĸֶΪҶã
ʱȻʧЦϷŰĿҶ˵ĸֵȷڶ࣬ǺźЩֶҶңҴԶҲǹҪ߳׼սĸֻ֣ϦѣѵҶǾԺȦӣ
ߣҶȻҵҶ꣬ȻҲǾȦӵһӣ㹫ȻԸҶңߵȻùʵˣҲֿܵ˾ڶ֣
ñûп۳ɣҶһƲһƣǾǰڵȦӵĶȥӪһ˶ԿȦӵļԴв
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мҡҡͷڳԱڶ࣬һ˵㣬ǲԾȦӣȻиۡ
˵ˣ뵽ĸֳ棬ΪҾͻ𣿡
һ£ɫԽԽҶɣЦһתҶϦ뿪ˣԸּ壬ɱһֻҪһСʱĹ򣬾ͿԽҶɱϾҶҲҪ˵쾳ˣ֮۷ֶûС
Ҷֱһ仰Ǻǰû˵ֻôĿҶϦ뿪ðŻͷȥֱֱĿҶ֡
ĺŮ
˵һ֮ҶɴʣҶҸֿٵ뿪˳أص԰ǱߵĹȥˣϾ˾ۼƻᣬʺЩ˴
ҶֿɬһЦͬӣεĳ̾˿ῴҶϦȥ뿪ˣѾڼȥˣֻø˿Ц
Ҷҵ˺Ⱥ뿪֮󣬳ڵ÷÷Ϲնʱ˹עĶ
÷÷֮ǰǴҶϦˣ֪һЩҲ˽⣬÷÷ҶϦǴСһ浽ģҶϦܳɹ뿪ҶңҲ÷÷ڱİ÷ҵĸֳ棬СҶϦûпô׵뿪Ҷҡ
÷С㣬ʲôôô书
ȹʻԬأƤȽϺȦڵ˶֪飬ڴҶ˼ڵʱ򣬹Ȼһˡ
ҿɲ֪ϦģûкҶ˵ʲô
÷÷ʱһʣʾҲǺʵҲȷ֪顣
뵽÷÷ԺͻȻһ⻪ʱȥҶϦʱҶϦڳ˵Ļ
һ쾳ĸŶ
ļ÷÷Ժֻʱ÷÷ΪҶϦЦģôһ룬ʱҶϦ˵˵ľģĿһ쾳ĸ֣
һ쾳ζʲô÷÷к˵ıҲһɷǳǿ뵽ղǿӲ̬ȣԸҶҺ޹˼ɵĳ֣ʱи϶һˡ
һǿڱǾԲھǿӲģҲҪ˼һȦӣǴӸղҶɶвĵĴͷ
ȷһ㣬÷÷ʱȤ׼ȥ˺úõĲһܲʲô֣ϾϦѣΪϦõѣȻİѰѹˡ
뵽÷÷ǲԾ¶һ˿΢Ц
ϹС㣬ղһ𣬿ɷ֪ЩʲôĻϢ
÷÷ٴԬضʱ֪Ȥת˶󣬿ǱվӱߵϹա
ߣ֪ʲôûü˵仰ͱҶЩɨ˵˴ˣģ
Ϲ£һ·ûĵһԬأֱˣҲ׼ȥˣμɳƻˡ
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ԬؿϹյıӰ˵ʲôû˵ϾϹյļǺǿģɲܹǵֻƴİͽᣬﻹҶ˵ʲôϻ
үүȥһˡ
վԴ֮û˵ֻ֣üϸ˼ʲôֱߵĺһŻع
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ĿһȥķŹżҵˣŸղҶ뿪ķȥˣ԰ĹݣҲεɳƻٰĵطᣬֻǾۻĳˣʽľƻ᳡
żҵ뿪֮ʣµ˶ʱʼҵǸղҶҽֵ顣
ڳϰմһ󲿷֣û书ˣȦҲǺİһʱ̸ЩȻ졣
ܵ÷÷ЩУüһ˼Ҳ뿪ɳƻᣬԶķ޼һĻ̷ɿĸȥͣڲԶļӳֿϿ˹ͣſڵȺ÷÷һĹ򣬼ӳֿϾ뿪԰֣ٵԶȥˡ
԰ڵĹݣڲװʮֵݻȻȥǼһǽϹŵɽˮͨĿۣǰ˱Ҳ׬˵ǮڣȴܵǽϹţƺĻ͵һûκεıʩ
ݵֽһŹݣΧݵ԰ֵҲͬһţܹھķΧڣһŵͷ֪жô
ݵ¥һĻڣмλ˷ͷ΢Ц̸飬ԵĺǢ
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ƺͿŵ˵ͷʾһ£ٵߵ˶ɳŵƽͷ˵СĽһ
Ҹղ˵ҶҵǸСѾͷʲôҶϦģֻؾˣ
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ǵģҶϦȷѾˣղһϼˡ
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ϢùųɰЩ⣬Ͼ뿪Ҷҵ࣬ͽ֮൱׵һ顣
Եڵôϡ£Ҫһ㣬벻ָҩģЩҩһǺϡĶûмۺڱ֧ţǲŪЩġ
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Ѿͷ츳ȻûдҶҳߣǽѾһôĺӾпʳȺϧ
ųɰҡҡͷȻ˵ſϧȻûʲôÿϧģԹżҵʵҪҵһЩ㳤ƯŮߣһѵ飬ֻ΢鷳һ㣬ˡ
黹ǽͷϷ
ƶһ£Щص˵
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ƵͷһЦҶҶҵĸֽҶϦץȥôţ
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ųɰüͷһһ˿ɫ
ȻǲܵģҶϦȻȥǻû̶ֳȡ
ҡҡͷǸҶϦеˣκҶϦһˣոҲֳһֻ־ʹſҶҵҶɣҶ˶ù˵ϣΧȥһ𹥻ҶҸ֣һȫˡ
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΢΢̾˿ͳֻһ룬С˵˼䣬һĹͽһֻֻһ¼ƵƵֻݸ˹ųɰ沥ŵĻҶҵһȺ˵Ļ棬ȻǸղں͵͵¼Ƶ
ִƼĺôˣҪǷŵǰĹŴ֣ôȽĶԼ¼ʱΣֻƾֳ֮˵Ŀˡ
Ǹ൱˲õˣ;ȻʵҶҵҶﶼ޻֮ҶԼԳҲֻȡѣͦûȥ
ųɰϸؿһƵֵֻݸļλˣЩǺ͹żҽõĹңҲͬһսϵˣȻʲôϢҪһһ
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һ߻˵ڹż֮УɫһˣȻڼ˵ҲһЩģʱҲһЩ飬˵ϱħ̧ͷļѾöȦܵ˲ǾΪʵǿԭʱûʲôӰ졣
Ҳ⣬ǲΪʵǿ͹̲Է⣬ǵжһϵ㿴ôˣǾȻûյʲôϢȻǼʧ󡣡
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ʱǰɲһʲôϢĻСȦǷǳãԶľ룬һ绰ͿԸ㶨ȫҪ˷ʲôʱ䡣
峤ҵĹʧ˺ܶ࣡
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ҶɿɬһЦһҲû˴ָˣɿ̱
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ͨĸȻָһ㣬Ϊ쾳ҪˣָʱҲ࣬Ҷȴǲһھڵûлܹôֱ࣬ˮһ㡣
ñǰһֱͣˮˮʱ䳤̣ĸҲڲϵӣǸˮùˣҲˮעףֻҪһʱѣȴǱֱӻһڸСĸףˮôСˡ
֪ҶɵҶҼĬˣһ书ָߵĿµˣǸղžȻ˼ͻˣĻ˼Ҹղûɱ֣»˺ܴأĻҪ˵ʲô˼һˣҶҲǶ֡
峤ô죿
Ĭһ֮Ҷɵʵ
峤ôˣǿҪ취С
ҶҲ׷׳˵Ҳ֪ڵأȡʩҶҿܾҪͷˡ
ǷģֻҪһҶһ죬ҲỤסҶң
Ҷɵ˵ͷһ˿ɫ
ΪҶ֮ҶЩķչǷǳľģֻΪһЩԭûдﵽԤڵѣһҶҵҲϿɵģȻΪҶϦ飬ҶҲһΪλòһȻ˼ķʽҲͬ
Զìܣǲܵ͵ã˵뷨ҲǲЭģǼıҲÿһ뾭ʹࡣ
УΨһû˵˾ҶϦĸĸˣҶֺྲζӳ¡
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ҲһϢһ㣬ǾŮѵˣʵǳǿȻǾȦӵˣǱ϶һ㣬ҶϦܸôһǿˣԺҲʲôġ
ȻȥɣεľƻǾͲμˣļ忴ǵЦ
һ֮Ҷİ˰֣Ҷҵһ˴æ뿪һŹݡ
һƽҹһƽϢ糤˳һھȦɿɢ˿
ڶһ磬ľˣҶϦȻص÷ңϾҶϦĶ÷ңھ÷Ҳһʵ㹻ǿļ壬ʲôһҲû˸ҵ÷ʲôģϾ÷ҿ֪λ쾳ĸ
ԺƽһȭԼߵʱ÷÷һľƵ̣ڷһͼ㣬߽ҶϦסŵԺӡ
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ȭӣЦʵ
˯㲻Ҳú磿
΢΢һЦ÷÷Ӷ˵ͤû뵽书ôڷܣһȭ
Ȼڷһ㣬ȻΪô𣿡
ҡͷһЦ˵ŻĹҶϦҲ˳ϵ·һģһȻҲһҹû˯ҲˣܵĴ̼Ƚ϶࣬ҶϦڼ
緹ˣϦ
÷÷ЦкҶϦȵ֮÷÷ʢһЩܳĸо
벻ȻܳԵ÷СʢֲԤС
һװЩµӡ
ڿˣȦڶ֪֣ʱܶѾڰеñˡ
÷÷һЦʢһ˸ҶϦΪϦҶҶֵĳǱܶ˿ˣôһĸ֣ҿɶǺܸȤأ
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ҶϦһ÷÷ͷһڵղû¹򡣡
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ôˣң֪ϦԴ׵𣿡
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÷ҹȻʵͬ죬Ȼһҹܴ֮ҵϢ
˴Ĵָ
ҪȡϢûʲô̫ѵģϾ׵쾳ʱڳڿأֻΪϱߵȦˣټûôעǱߵϢԲŵõ˵ĳһЩʮ쾳벻ҾȻʶ˲õˡ
ҡͷһЦ÷÷ֱĴ·Ҫͨ͸һ
ҪңҪһҿɲҴ÷ˣ׼ҾʹϦĶˡ
װµӣϽڰˡ
쾳ĸ֣÷ңҲֻ쾳ĸֶѣ⣬ûö֣ʲô
÷÷ҡͷһЦ
µþ쾳ѽ
ͬЦ׼ʢͻȻͣǹһ˿ȣһйˣʧԶӭ벻Ҫ֡
÷÷΢΢һ㶣֪һ׼ʵʱԺͻȻһЦ
С书Ȼ紫һ㣬Ϸǳʶˣһλʷ쾳֣Ҫǲݷһ£ȥ˼Ҹ˵÷ҲΪ˴ˡ
һϵ洫˽ЦԾȻߵĹһ㣬˼Ȼ߾÷ҵ쾳֮һˣóȻãСѶ
䣬ӰֱԺӣ⵹΢΢һ㶣ΪղϢӦУҲͲһˣû뵽Ȼһˡ
ͷǸͷߣӦϢǸˣʮֵĺ󣬿һ˿ƣ׷ͯտʮֵ
Ǹˣһ˵ģòûǰǸƣǸһɷǣֵģʵԱȣǸȴǱ߻ҪϢһʱûע⣬ûܲ
λǰãĳ֮ҡ
վһ
С񡣡
΢ЦŰ˰֣һͺ˵֮ͤڡ
÷÷ݼ棬ݼǰ
÷÷վλһҶϦҲǿûôǿʵ쾳ֶƽƽִֻ֮
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Ц˵͵ӣЦûҽһϷ÷ˣλҵѼֵ֣ʵҪǿʮһѾ׵쾳Ϸͳ࣬㵽Ͳǿ롣
ˣ쾳֮󣬿ɲ˭ʵǿģҪĻǶĸ򣬷ǽ쾳书ҲͣͲǰûκεĽ
ҡͷһЦĿ⿴Сѵĳ֣üĳǾ֣û뵽Ȼ˿ڶʮ;ͽ֮ʵʷһˣ
ǰˡ
ȻҶͬһ磬λԶǰٶˣڿ˼ִ֮
ǿɲڿ㣬ܹ;˳ɾ͵ģĵʷϣеĵһˣͷοҲġ
÷ˬʵĹһЦϵļҲͷ˵̬ȶƣȻҲԵϾôһ쾳֣û˭ԴȻҪȥΪС
ȻҲһ㣬Ҳͣ˫ڵ


678 
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Сѣʲô㣿
˰죬÷ڳϣһ䣬֮ǰĻˡ
ҲûʲôҪ飬ҪΪϦһˡ
һЦЩЩʲô˵֮۷ǿĵô쾳ɾǼ޵мˣһĸͻȻ˾ЩȻúúõ̽һ̽ĵϸ
Ϊһ쾳ĸ֣ȫıȦӵľƣ÷ҵ֪ˣΪһ֣÷Ȧڵĳ֮һʵģ쾳ֵ
򵥵ıȷҶҵõһ쾳ִ֣Ļ£ֻҪʮʱԽ巢չ÷ĳңȻϿҪһЩʵĲȴǿС
һ쾳ĸ֣ôֵסһ쾳֣ûʲôģٻ궼ɵ飬ʱ䣬ԽһʲôӣЩϺпˡ
ӸղŵУҲ˽⵽˺ܶϢھһȦӵˣֻ֪½ҵıϽ׵֮ǺҦҵһȥãݺͰеʵȫĲ֪ΪҪ˵ߵȦˣϷȦӣҲǺ˽⡣
˵ĳ֣һȦһһûж֪ĵϸΪܶĵףûж͸¶
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ȻҺϦûھϦкܲõĻ䣬ҲῪĵģȻҪ뿪
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ʵﻹЩϼһһӣĸ黹ͦġ
÷˿һۼ֣һ˿ζɫתͷ֪Сѿһǿɣ
һֱԼһκμɣֻеļ廹һ˳⣬ûκϰ䣬ֻͨ˶ѡ
ҡҡͷЦ˵
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÷ڵʵʹھ֮Ҳڶļ֮УƽʱҺһԲ׺ΪУСѺǽͬˣӴΣ
÷Ҳĥ䣬֪˶ʲôС˼ȫûκεıҪֱ˵ĿļɣκεĹĨǣ÷ҵĳֵģ̫Ļпֻ𵽷Ч
⵹ǲԣһҲǺϤҪ÷үϸĽһ
ûֱӴӦҲûеܾϾ÷ңֱӾܾ˲̫˼
ȷҲǺܲϤȷϵһǣǾǾˮҪط쾳־Ϳɼһߣľ϶ҲǷǳҵģóȻĴӦ÷ҵҪ˵ͻᱻǹʹɲôɵˡ
һʱҲ˵ŵҵǿһ¡
÷Ȼĵ˵ͷ˵ĿǰҪΪĴ壬÷ҡżҡϹټҺ͹ңμʱӦüˣֻҵûмɣ
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ͷһЦЩֵĿһ÷÷
ӻ·ϵʱ÷÷ʹµ˵һЩģΨҵֻǵһ˵ǾĴ֮һ÷÷û©ϢǺҪ飬лʲô顣
ҵˣ˲̫һǶԾֲûʲôҰģ֮λĴ֮һΪǵʵȷǿʵָǼڼͨ˵ĲĶ
÷˺ǺһЦ˵
һʼûзӦӦ֮󣬶ʱҵʵеЩԾˡ
÷ҵʵ֮ǿ󣬹Ȼ÷뼾λ쾳ԭֲǸĻ÷ھʵֲǵƿǿޱȵԴ׵ҾֲλҪԭ
Ͼϣܶǿ޷ģ쾳ǿҲ϶סһŴĵӵʵڸ֮ˣЩָҪĿĻвԷĸ֣ôҶ
ϹټҺ͹żҲǲˣΪ˾ӴԴܹƵĴ֮һ壬ȻЩûκεĽɿԺ岢ΪĴ壬ֻǵ֪⹫ҵʵжôǿ
Ѿ֪еĹؼˡ
һ𾪵ɫ÷ĵ˵ͷ˵ң֪ĸ쾳ϣ˶ͷ¶ģû¶ĸ֣ǾͲö֪ˣûǸȥӹҵ
쾳֣
Զʱüͷһ壬ֻ쾳֣ӦûԺ岢гΪĴɣ
ִᣬȻ쾳ֵʵǿ󣬵ȴŤתһķֲ򣬹ǿ֮ڣһλԽ쾳ĸִڣ
÷˵˵ͷɫͻȻ
Խ쾳ĸ֣
⻰Ҳһ㶣û뵽ȻִᣬɻгԽ쾳ĸִڣԭΪǳһЩ쾳ĵ۸֣ܹͻ쾳ĸ֣Ӧǲڵġ
йòֲֺ࣬ͽ쾳ˣһֱάűȽòʵȴǿ׾ٵһкɱ쾳ĸ֣Ѵ֮
÷˻˵ºһֱ²⣬пѾͻ쾳ȻֳԽ쾳˶ǿս
ԭ
˼ĵͷ˵
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679 ڳ
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һ֮˵ʣ书ʱ䣬ļЩͳͳӰһ˵ʵ
ͬʮˣʵĲпرģһ֮ʱʵǾԵѹ֮ͬˡ
һٶȿ죬Ҳ˼Ҹߣͬʱ书ȼҲԶԶĳ֮ͨˣôƻʵ֮ͬоǷëǰĴڡ
Ⲣ˵ľͱȱ˸ߣΪҸһֻܹӳʵҪԶȱǿѡ
뵽Ϊҵһֹ𣬺пҲǺһҪ֪쾳żɲôÿȥģڵôϡ£Ըܵع
쾳һͻƣҪԵһؾҪᵤˣһ𵤣ͿԳƵϵߣҲǵͽ׵ˣ̺ǱһĲࡣ
ڵߣ岻Ԫǣ׷߾ĸͬҲʵϵľԲ࣬Ŀǰ£ڵ߾ǿѹߵ޵дڡ
ʵϣ˽⵽ĿǰӦûнڻͬȼߴڣΪĻ£֧һߴﵽ־磬û㹻ӦͻƣǺһʵͻƣӶõϵķԾ
ֵǵעһܹһлɱͬȼ쾳ĸ֣ѾǳˣֲǺҲСơ
е룬Ȼûж÷˶˵𣬱ϾЩǣ浽̫ĶûоԵʵԼʱǲκЩģ׽Ҳһ
˵ĲȻȷǲǴﵽǸ˵е߾磬ǹӵеʵѾ㹻вļ壬ҲĬˣҾǾĴ֮һ
÷˵˵ͷ˵
÷÷ʱôûң
΢΢һЦתͷ÷÷ͻȻʵ
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СѣԭͷӵǴ˵һ㡣
÷˹һЦ÷÷ļ򣬻÷÷Ρ
ŶԸꡣ
ͷһЦ
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İɣ÷үӣҿɲֳԱ˳ŵû¸ɵˣ˲ңҲˣǲȥұ˲ġ
ҡͷһЦȻ˵
Ȼֻǵһμ棬ҶԼۺжϣպĳɾ;ǲǸҵĹԺҲĶֻ֣Ҫһʱɳȵӥչʱ¾ͻ㰿ˣ
÷˶۷ǳߣߵ÷÷Щˡ
Ѿ÷˵ԾˣǰҲм棬ƢҲ˽⣬ԲôͰ׵ˣȻϲЩ󱲣ҲЯָǵ书Ҳǻǰֵá
ۣȻľѾ֮ǳ÷ĳҵˣȴ֪Ⲣʲô֮ƴǶĸ뻹ǳٽûʲôȻĹܶȻ뾳磬ʵӵĿ١
ͱ÷ҾһõӣȻʮʱͽ֮÷ڰʱŽ쾳Ƕߵʵȴǲģʵϲûб÷Ҫӵǿ󣬾Ϊ÷ڶĸϣŸԵơ
Ծô֮һֱͣͲǰҲǺпܵ飬ɲΪԿƵġ
֮츳һ㣬ҲƾˮĥĹĻʵ֮Ͳôˣûʲô򣬶عûʲôʵ쳣ġ
֮УòľԲ࣬Ϊҵʵ̶ȶǲģֻۻ˿֧ŵĸӾһѣʵıνһֵӳǿ쾳Ӧȥ飬һζ
ЩȻףԾô֮ҲûаĽĿʼսͻƵڣ쾳ֻΪĿĻʵѡ
һ죬̸һЩ֮ĸĵãȻʱ䲻еĸȴкܶ÷˺ͼֶĿһµĸоʱҵ̽
λ쾳ĸǱڵľ飬һʼ÷÷ҶϦܾ۾ţϾǸֵ飬ҲǺкôģûõʱ䣬ǾȥˣΪѾܹķΧ
εһЦ÷÷ҶϦȻ뿪ͤص˷ȥ˵ŮӼĻȥˣҲ⣬ﳩԡ
;÷ҵ˹һ˾ôľ飬ȻӴһֱĵҹ˾ʱ֡
ȵδĻعʱɫѾڣԺ͵˵ƹ⣬ǶȻûôע⵽
ʹ죡ʹ찡
÷˸һ󳩿ĴЦպСһϥ̸һϯʤʮĸоСȻʱռڸһȴʵ
ϣԺܾĺСѽĵãҪռһˡ
Ҳǲסĵͷ΢Ц
Բӣཻĸ;飬ͬһ£ûʲôռռ˵
˰ЦԺлᣬһᾭҶλһ̽ľ飬ֻϣʱҪҷ˲źá
СĻԺֻҪ÷ҵĴʱΪ㳨
÷Цһ֮ã޲÷ҳפźã֮ô죬ҲΪֲֵ̽ԭ򡣡


680 Ϣ
ʱˣСҲϢһˣ´лġ
÷վ֮󣬼ҲѺõĸλ÷ҵĸҲȥˣһ·ϻϵĴ˷ܵ̽
ȥıӰҡͷһЦӺȹһڲ裬صȥˣҶϦͿʼˣһ䣬ҲܸܵҶϦﴫľȵĺ
Ž÷Լֵֶ̽ݣҲı˫ۣ˵Ϣ״̬
÷֪֮󣬾һЩ壬Ϣʮͨļ壬ҲȺ֪ʵݣȻҲҶҡ
Ҷҿɲƾʵ̽ģǹżһ˹ϢҶң֪ȻѾһ֮ĸ֮Ҷȫ·˲һ㣬̱ϡ
żҵ˵֮Ҳ뿪ˣֻǸͨһҶô˽£ɺûʲôϵżҸǲҶҡ
Ͼһʮͷ쾳ĸ֣Ҫ˵ûһ㹻ǿ֧ţ˵ȥû˻ţԵ޹ʺһӴԹżȻʵǿ󣬵ǻûɵ̶ȡ
ڸǺã
ҶɴʱѾָƽʵԭһ⣬ĿκεϾڤ񹦲ʲôԵ𺦣ȡֻǱ˵ĹѣȻԸĻҲֱӷҶɣֻûôѡ
ȻҶһƽҶ֮ˣȴ˵ĿɬҲԿǴʱ顣
ܹھҶҵȻʲôɵӣһǹˣһ쾳֣ʲôȻûʵԵ֤ݣýֺͷҲ֪һҶҾǲʵ
ûżҵ˵껰ˣ˼ûУȻǲʱҶҳʲôϵ
ǶȳȥɣҪúõһ롣
ҶĻ˻֣˶ȳȥһ뿪˸ղŵķ䣬ȥ˱һ֮ڡ
Žȥ֮һң浹ʲôܵĵطҶãҶλ
һţҶɾڣҶҵڣڰĹϣһĹâԵЩˡ
ҶϣФҶɣΪҶȻʵ㣬ɻᾡŬҶһһεΣҲڱҶҶɹһεѹء
һ˾˴СʱҶͻȻ˹ˣҶλߵͷ߶߶һϵ˲ü뿪á
һ΢ĻٶȱÿһˣֻʣҶҵλҫŰĵƹ⣬λϷĹâƺĬĬڰػҶңҶҵˡ
峤ң
һ֮ҶɾҶɵķڣĹ˵
ҶɣһҶҵдѣǱͬЭҶҹѹأһƻ֪вУ׼˵Ҷ£ҲұȽ̸ܹ£ˡ
Ҷɵ˵
峤˵
Ҷûж˵ʲôֻǹ˵
׼ɱ
Ҷɵ˵ͷʮƽ˵
䣬Ҷɾͻ̧ͷ֮ɫ
峤쾳ĸ֣ɱ²ô׵һ°ɣ
Ҷɼæ˵ںȻ˳ԹǲʲôҲþͻᱨҶңɱʧܣ֪ҶҸĹ¾ҶϦҲ޷赲ȵɱʱҶҿɾ;ĩ·ˡ
ҵȻ֪쾳ĸҲ޵еĴڵģҲ˺ܶ쾳ֻ֣һëͷСӣ׵쾳жǿʵֻҪۣ뵽һЩĸ֣ܹɱġ
Ҷƺ˼ƻһгӡ
ˣ鲻һ飬Ϣһ©ȥҶҾҪͷˡ
ҶɻЩģҪȰҶɲҪԷ١
İɣһҾ˰æģһҪҵʱɱ֯Ѫ̡
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ڰеһЩǸ쾳֣

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һ̧óӰֱѹ˹¦ǸɫԲ֮ϣ̧ͬ𣬵΢΢ֱӵǵ˵ǰһޱȵֱ֮ӿ˳
֮̽˳ͷһѵһͶǵ׻ͷ­ˣײ֮£һͬʧΣһ˶ûм
һֻ˲˹¦˫ּǸɫԲ֮ϣһ֮ʹĴ˳ֱǸɫԲ֮ڣ֮ԲıͻȻСһԲ·ʲôҪһ㡣
¦ɫһ䣬²һ׼˱ܿ΢΢һЦʱһһǸɫԲƿһ㣬һࣵ죬ôɢ˿У·ʲôûзһ㡣
ԭһƻײ͹ȴ˲֣֧£Ȼô˿ƵûκιķӦ֪˻Ϊղŵһжֻǻþ
ԶԶˣһз֮󣬶ŵ۾ЩɻĿųڵΣǶ׸ղŵ׷ʲô÷÷һʱҲסˣ׸ղŵ׷ʲô顣
ڳЩ˵ܹ˼ûУҪĻҲ͹¦ͽǿʸ
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һڵĻǽղ׼͹¦ĵ֮¡ĺ󱳶ʱƽϢȥٶȻָģ
ΪŻģԾշ飬һЩ֪ĳ֣ͻûյϢǰһʱҲûϳ

ǹ¦ɻĹâһͻȻ˹Ѿ쾳ĸ֣ʵȻܹǧһ֮סҺͽĹҪһɲһ׵顣
쾳
۾ʱһâէϸĴһһԲŵ顣
Ϳ͹¦ҪСһ㣬ȻѾ쾳һֱߵЩԽܡ
㻹֪ɣˣջȻǲ
¦촽ٶһȣܹĻһҲŹûм죬ȴѾȦӣΪʮͷͣѾ쾳ľ硣
ôܣ
Ȼ¦ܿôĵЦǽһʱ仹ЩԸʵ꿪ʼŬʮʱ䲻ϵĿޣ˽ͬ˵ʵԺһĸֶֽܡ
ǰֵˣͱǻҪС꣬ȻѾ֮Ǹľ磡
֮
˵̤֮ǰ˵Я츳Ҳǿ̤룬ô쾳ûκνҵĿˣĶ򣬷ⱲӶֹ֮κεĿ쾳֮С
Һ͹ǿļ£͹¦ΪֹҲǴ֮֮Уɼ쾳̤жôѡ
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Ϊһļ壬Һ͹ҵʵڶ쾳ĸ֣֮ĸȻҲǲ٣ȴûѡܼǰ˵ĴѡԼŬ
Ȼõ˼ֵĹඥǿںʱӵǿʵǴһԵȱݣǾͻ쾳ʱӱѣΪһۺĹ̤̤ʵʵġ
ʵϣ󲿷˽ܴǲѶΪ֮ͳ⹫ִĦԺĴˡ
һ㶼ǸּԲţɻ߼м˵ʱǻѡ񴫹Ϊ˸һԱҲһ޶Ĺ˷ˡ
㹻ǿʱһ㶼ǲѡ񽫹ȥģֻẦһȻһʱưԣʱһʱ򣬵ͬ˵Ĺ𽥵׷ʱֲͻС˷
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Ҫ֮Ⱦ͵֮дﵽ۷֮Ȼпȥһ˿صĹ򣬽֮󳹵׵̤쾳
֮۷徳磬֮ͨ˾Ҫѳһӵʱ䣬ҲʮңһӵĹ֮˵Ҳ˶Ϊ󲿷֮˶Ҫʱ䡣
֮ˣΪ˶书ķټϱʹˣиָпʱ䣬ڸʱﵽ۷֮Ӷʼ֮Ĺ
һ⣬Щ˽쾳ʱ磬Ҳٵˣʮͽ쾳Ѿ֮ʣһҪּпܣϾ̣ҪǺܳʱ;
ȴڶʮͷ;̤֮Ψһܹù¦ͽԽܵɣ˸ֵĹඥֱʡȥǰڴḶ́һʼӵۻ
ⲻûпܣΪ˹ඥˣûϣֻ֮ǽʱ鷳һ㣬ͻƿʱһѡ
һϣûеĻͳ⹫Լ½ҵ½ˣм峤ˣǺǣڶǵѧ֮·
ڹ¦ͽ뷨϶ǽ˸ֵĹඥ䣬Ȼ˹ʺˣԵɺ֮ͻƵ쾳̥￪ʼҲԲܽ׵쾳
˶ĸ֮ˣ˵ƾͽ֮ζԽܵģ˵ǵǰҶ磬ǶԸϵһ㡣
ȻǶ֣ﶼĬԼҵõɣǾнΪҲԼģֻȽϺðˡ
Ȼǲ֪ĵ뷨ϾֻǾù¦ͽ˿Щ֣Ҳûж룬ֻһЦ֮ˣϾڵҲһ
λԬͣҾһúõ棬дԣ󶯸λͲˣͬɲҪ˸顣
ȻһЦһգͷ·һ书ͨһ˿
Ǿ˸ղŵһĻڳ˿ûɵͨˣ¦ͽֵƴҶϵ˽ֵʱӵĺۼҪҲǲܵ飬Ϲˡ
һʱ򣬽Ĺ֮ǿ󣬴ҶĿõģһûֻǽе£ڶʱڽ˼¶ѡ
¦һɫԲȻȥûʲôǹ¦һԲŽȥ˵Բûʲôè壬СŵģϾ¦ɲɵȥġ
ǿȴ˲ڷ֮׾ٵĻˣһ˿ûдһζʲôڳȻ书ߵ˲ٶǻĳʶ֪ġ
ֻжĿƵһߵľ磬׼ȷİյÿһ˿Щϸ΢ı仯Ӧı仯ʹеĲ˲仯Ρ
ֶȻûʲôãǶߵĿƣȴǿԽӵ£һͷǳĿˡ
¦ͽ˲俴һ㣬ԲŲԼͬͣ˵Ļͼսһˣʲôм䣬ھûнҺ͹µˣǰҲһ
ȭۣȻִ϶ǱȽ԰յģǿûôǿʵ԰˾ϸĳ̶ȡ
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Ǵ򲻳ˣлٱȹҵļ񹦾жô
ĵ˵ͷۺĿһۣתͷȥ÷÷һк÷÷һ£ˣлټ
һ仰˵꣬ͷҲص뿪˻
ȵ֮ԬغܿͳˣղûԶǶλãⲢܹûκ书ƽʱڽˣʵһѣȫס¦ͽֵನ
Ƕлˣ
Ԭس֮󣬶ʱ˲ͷĺ飬ǽĻεĿЦһ˹֡
ҳһۣȻԺΪˡ
ЦŰ˰֣Ź¦˵ͷת߻ҶϦԣҶϦ˵˻
֣ǲ˼ˣֵƢҲǶģʵȰס
ıӰмһЦԬתͷŹ¦˵¦ͽ黹֪ҪôճأһˣҪ֣ͣǸܵ顣
ȻԬزĻϾ¦ͽɵӣʵҲǾԲɱԷģǼܵһɱ˶ԷôҿҪͽҶˡ
ϿɲǿЦ飬ȦӶյӰ죬¦ͽ֫ͷԼ򵥵ˣǲܷġ
һˣҲʲô飬˲˵Ϊ췽Ԭؿ϶ֲ˺ã˵ҵ˺ͽҵ˾ͻᰵʹӶԸ˵ҪԵͷҲǹܵˡ
ԴʱԬضĸмĵģΰһæΣ˹¦ͽ֮һսԬ˵ֻкôûл
ⲻĴԬء
һڨЦԬأ¦ҡҡͷɫٶȻָ֮ǰĮģֻڿ÷÷ʱɫŻ΢Ļһ㡣
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÷÷Ҿˣ´лȥ÷Ұݷһ¼λǰ
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һƬǽֳָԭ״֮󣬾ۻղ𽥵Ļ˹Ԭصֺ;ƣҲ𽥵ı
ҶϦڽɳƺѾˣʵڳ˸ûܹĴڣʵʵ̫ǿ󣬺Ǹһȼ֮ϣЩҲֻǿѹĵĸܣװûע⵽һ
ȻҲע⵽һ㣬һЦ֮ҶϦĶ˵һ䣬뿪˻
뿪˺ܶ˵ע⣬ȴû˸һ䣬Ӱӻʧ֮󣬾ۻ


690 Ѫ̵͵Ϯ
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ֵƾˣֵʮƽͣȴû˸ĺڨ͹¦֪ˣǳֵʱҲͬˣڳգۼ䶼ԶķΧ
˵͹¦ͻԵ޹ʵɱˣǸ̬ɱ˿ħһֵָڲѹڶˣǸоڣܲǸֱǣָоҲǺǲ
ҲͬûбֳһޱȻǸһȵĸоǻǸ˺ܴѹϾʵоһѹ˵ͷϡ
һֿţʵܵѹһӶ׷ȴе壬Ҳ;
ҶС㣬ȥˣ
Ԭ˾ۻᣬ̫֮󣬼ҶϦһﾲĺŹ֭ӷԱнӹһβƣЦ˹ȥ
˵ȥһߡ
ҶϦ΢΢һЦԬˣҲ˵϶ᣬȻҲ̸ϲֻǱʶľѡ
ˣܶЩ˵ľۻ᲻̫ӦּЦˡ
ԬЩεһЦת˻⣬˵ҶС֮ǰҲһֱӺ÷÷СȴеƺҲϲֵգ
֮ǰͰһҲһɽˣͻȻص˶һʱЩӦԬضˣȥк˰ɣһ˾һͺá
ҶϦȻһЦҡҡͷ
ȻѾôȷ˼ԬҲǲˣеļβƣ΢΢ʾһ£Ц뿪ˡ
÷÷Щ˿Ӧһ˹ҶϦ˵ĻԼᵽֳѾúҲûж˻ע⵽ˣҶ
һ뿪˻֮˶԰ȦӣԶ˻ǱߵĹһƬֻһ¹ͶӰӰ´µİߵ㡣
ںڰĻѾӦˣʱһαչؾпǧֹ꣬µį״̬һƬģеһж״̬Ӧ״̬
һµḶ́£̫˴Ⱥ뿪ֱʱѻˣѾʣ޼ֻʣһ˹Ĵڵ֪λĸưϡ
ҲǳʵһܶĿ꣬ʶһȺָŮǣѾʮֵĿԼǶǲһЩϵ
Ҳʵ½ˣҲôƵסˣڵųڵ
ʱһδҹ£ҲʱӵһЩµˣ·̫įߣҲʧΪһõ顣
ǼŮʣ˼Ҧ⣬ҶϦ츳̫ãҶϦ츳ֻ书ʱеãһŵ棬Ҳֻ˵ͨˡ
Ҧ˵ʣҲеȶѣһȻѲֶο԰Ůվ۷ĸ˵һѵ顣
ֻҪԸ⣬ָΪ֮󣬿ǿнŮΪϣֻĻŮԺ·;Ҳ͵ڶˣʲôô׼üŮ
һжǺˣеĿʼҪȻָڵʵȻһʩչƻ
ûа취ٶȽڣ¿еĹɽָô˵ǼŮˣԼҲ֮ΪһgӴʧ֮䡣
˼δͷ򣬲֪Ѿߵһ˶˹ߣ峺ĺˮ¹µ΢΢ĹʱʱĻˮһβ㷭ˮ˻
վںߣ·һ㣬ôֱ㶵Ŀź棬ƺѾȴһУȴĻ֮䡣
ôôãǲ׼𣿡
Լȥʮӵʱ䣬ͻȻ˽㣬ԭɢͫ˲ͼеһһƾէ
ĻºһȻһƬžżһƺһжʮӣûʲô仯֡
ҵǰľͲˣԸһ쾳֣ǻ밵ɱ𣿡
վںߣź֣ǹһĨ΢Ц쾳ĸֶΧĻǺеģȻصĺܺãûкΧĻ׵ںϣôһ˿Ѿҿˡ
ٺٺٺ٣
ĻʱһЦʱﴫ˳Цķλڲϵı䶯·𷢳Ц֮ڷɿı÷λһ㣬˸ЦǴӺζ
װŪ
һߣε̴˿˲͵ﴫĹЦѪ̵˰ɣȻˣǾһϰɣĥĥˣҲǵȽĻҲ˺ܾðɣ
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ﴫ˳һ̣һڵĵѾı˲Ϳӽ塣
죡
ͻĵ⣬ֻһֿݣûʲôױȵĿ죬һ־Ѿı󣬷·ֱӿԽ˿ռһ㡣
˼Ȼձ̵
ʱһЦͻȻԤ׵תǵڵĵʱһնֱӽӰг롣
ÿٶȣ
һ˿ȣȻԱܿҵƻնӦúóٶȷ书
ƻն
ǵնӰɢʱӰһ߳ˣһѾںߣǵСֱԵһ¡
ǵڵͻأһӰҲǺԤ׵ľͳ·ֱӿ˿ռһ㡣
˵ʱǿͻȻһ˫۾۾û˿һӰĴӴϰ룬˲óһڵɱֲָ֣ɵĺ󱳾ʹȥ֮
ǺӰֵĺ֮ʱûתֵӴһ˲䣬ȴһӴ˲䲪ǵӰֱֱ˺Ӱڡ
ֻӰԭޱȵĶͻȻ佩Ӳ˫û۾ȥҲĵ
͵ϮѪɱ֣Ȼֱӱ˵


691 Ƴݷ
˵Ҫͼ͵Ϯһ쾳ĸ֣ûõġ
һЦ˿ᱳǸµɱ֣һֱǰղܿǴԱߵĵط
Ǹɱ͵Ϯʧ֮һĺӰں߻ĸ˳һźһ㣬߳һСɱ֣ɱִͷŶʵʵֻ¶۾ͫ۾һֱϸ졣
ƻնǲ
ǸСɱ֣͵ĵ˵ͷڲ֮ǰҲһձɱ֣ǸŮˣĶݷЩƵĵط
쾳֣Ȼ鴫
СĺӰһĹЦԵļɭֲֿѪ̶ˣ쾳ĸ֣Ҳ
Ѫ̣ôͷ
ҡҡͷѪ̵˾жԸңܿϧɺܺõĻڣǸʱѪֵĻ˵ѾˣϧõʱѾǴˣҪԸңɲô׵һˡ
㻹˽Ѫ̵ǿ֮Ҳãúõһ
СĺӰһЦϸͫжʱһɫĹâ
ľ磬ûпĻн뵽쾳ľ֮УֻƾݷĹ죬ԿԺ쾳ĸһ
´һСĺӰͻȻЦòϣձ֮ǺЧģϧѾ쾳㣬һ磬ǲ˶ٵʵ
䣬ӰѾı䵭ԭ˵ʱ˾Ѿˣֻٶ̫죬ԭµĲӰѾûɢѡ
ԾŹ貨΢ž֮裬ʩչ貨΢Ѿ˵Ųˡ
쾳֮֮Ĺʼٶ򣬸ӵǿ貨΢ͷ·һڶһ㣬ĸƶ֮ʱı仯˵ڲϵѾﵽ˾׵ľ硣
ǸѪ̵ɱȻҲ򵥣˵ʱͻȻһ䣬ȻƺѾʼƶˣȻըһ漴Ϳһֱֻ۴ǵ֡
˼ձȻŶ֮Ȼ֪ҵĴλãҪԸ㣬ô򵥾еá
һЦӿд˳Ӱûг֣Ȼһ֮ٶȸٵƶ
Χ˿Ӱżһ˿ӿͻȻ֣Ѫ̵ɱڸƶн֮ľನ
˶ĿƶǳԽĶǺܴ󣬵ǲζǶֵͺ෴ֽƵˣŸӵĿ¡
ƶеһ˹ȥ漴һֱӻǿ˶ʧ֮󣬷·ʲôûзһƺǵⲻǸ֮ʲôʵ壬һûС
˺һʱ䣬ǿ⻮ĵطͻȻһѺۣǵѺΪֽߣĵ¶ϳأм⻬ķ·һɼɱֵĵжôѸ١Ѹһ㶼ŵġ
ٶҲǸɱֵٶж죬ݷжôĹ죬жôѸݣʼվǹ
ٴٿǿܹϣôһжֻùûκεô
޷ץɱֻ֣ɱʹõĶݷʮֵ棬ǵһѪ̵ɱ֮ʱЩɱʹõͺֳܲԷ͵ѧ֣αװѪ̵ĸ߽ɱ֣ɹԻЩɱ֡
һεѪ̵ɱ֣ʹû书ĺۼǳԣһǻˣһεɱȴԵձˣձһǳľͨʹõĶݷ֮ǸǧҶ֮ܿ¡
˽ֵʱӳϡߵݵأʱĻһЩϸ΢ĺۼһһ΢΢İڶǺһ˿ѵˮһ΢ķЩϸ΢ļڲϵĳ֡
ץһۼˡ
ƶеͻȻӿֳһ˿΢Ц
ղϵĴǸɱĴĻζЩϸ΢˿ѰҵԷټͨЩټж϶Է˶Ĺ켣Ӷӵж϶ԷĶݷʹ
ЩǸɱȻǲ֪֪ˣͲظĳЩ΢СúۼԶݷİء
ƾɱԴҲ벻ȻսоƽĶݷƾЩϸ΢֮˿ƶĶݷ⼸ǲܵ顣
ڱ˵ȷһ̫ܵ飬Ƕ˵һȴǺпģΪƾһ֣ڱϳɹƽľӵİƣʱҲǺܶ˶о˼顣
ƵĲҲǷǳԶεı仯нǧֱ仯ȴڽֵĹоƽˣʱľӱ˶˺ð죬Žʵ
ȻʱݷʩչģǶݷ仯ķλȴѾ㹻˽ˣǷĹˡ
аͷٶǸɱĴһȦȷûʲô©ı仯֮ƶͻȻζһ£һ˲Ĺͳ˲ԶһŴλÿʲôҲûУȴֱƶ
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һ֮̽ͷǿǰ޵Ŀ͹˹ȥҪ˵ʱ򣬿ȴͻȻһӿ֡
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һڳ˲֣˫հһٵĻӶжʱ˴ĺɫ֮һ
֮ͻȻһӨĵɫâȻӳ˴ȫע֮ڣ֮ŤϵĻӶβͽЩϮĵһһ飬һͷײƬͻȻֵĺ֮С
һϢ֮һƺ߶ʱӺд˳漴һСӰڵһӺеһײʮôͣǱĵһŴ·ײ𶯻ŵ˴Ҷڿз׷Ʈ
ⲻܣ
ڴ£СĺӰŬҪվԶ˹ôŬ޷վƺȫղһһ㡣
ҪˣȫľѾˡ
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ܹҵĶݷ
СĺӰƺ˵ڸղŵ֮ҲһѾʵͬ˵ǰ㣬ڵľѾѣû˿޸ĿܣѹһԲһ̱ķһ㡣
ĶݷһʼվЩƣҲЩܣͷҪһʡ
ĶݷȷͦģȻҲ֪ʩչĶݷ׽ʲô֣ʩչĹУͻȻ˼ǰֶݷ
Ȼߵû貨΢ѾƻʵĵزˣοûôƶһĹҲ͵ǸСӰǰ
ܣݷ˶ѾˣԼ⣬û˼Ŷݷ
СĺӰͻȻʮּᶨ˵ƺȷһ㡣
ݷǰģһʱˣǸʱ˶ʿеˡ
СĺӰȻӰںڲ֮£۾©棬˵ʿ⼸ֵʱ򣬾ͷֺӰͫͻȻһ£ʱǹһ˿΢Ц
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ȻҺͶʿеļ˽֣ǵĶݷһĹ죬һʼһûඵ˼ȦӣŶݷı仯Ҿ𽥵Ļ
˵ͷźӰ˵ĶݷǼʿʹõһޣҲµûĻӦǶʿˣô뵽Ѫ֮УѵʿѾѪ̲˲ɣ
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ǸӰͻȻЦֱĿͫһ˿
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ӰͫȻһȴûǾôĿһ⣬˵ʲôҶῪڵӡ
һĶʿ˻ʹһֹɫ棬ǿ󣬲һƵĲǺܺãֻǵͽ׵ĶʿĶݷʩչôڽֵʱȴûչֳӦûеõ᪴ߵĶͰɣ
ܵϺӰķӦԹԵ˵ʵ֪ܲһõ˰᪴ߵʹͣ޷Ѱ᪴ߵĿˣ֮᲻ϵ䣬ʵǿΪ׼Լ֮ȳ̺ܶ࣬һӦҵ顣
ô֪ЩģⲻܣǶʿˣҲٻ֪Щ顣
˵Щ֮ǸӰ̲סˣɳɤӿʵ
ȻҵϢԴͲضˣĻԭӦǲ֪ЩģǺ֪ˣΪԭ뿪˶ʿӪ
ҡҡͷͷǸɱ֣뿪˶ʿֻ֮ѧɱ˼޴ȥؼ˵Ѫ֮Уһɱ֣ʵͦǿģݷҲܹ죬ЩӦúܶɥˣܸоϲŵЩԹ
ٺ٣ԴҼѪ֮ǵһŴѵģеˣѾҵĹӰնɱˡ
ӰЦһ΢΢Ťһ¡
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Ŀƶ˵ںӰ߲ԶǱīϸʿӵ棬ȫīڣûһ˿Ĺâ䣬ˣͦеġ
΢΢һУһǿʱӰУϸĲ鿴һ
һӰ裬оͰһõ۵Ĳ˵ѾϵձǱˡ
Ҫ֪ǰ᪴Ƴĵͽ׷ǱȷıҪ࣬ȻҲ࣬ӰȻڲѾϵϴȻоһ
ΣҵĹӰ費ɣ
һľ飬ӰʱЦ͸һ˿졣
ȷǰѲɶõĺõʵƺӦӵƷϵȱ֮ӰӦòİɣ
ֳֵֵĴָڵĵһһЦбۿһĺӰ
ƲıµȷǺǿ
Ӱ˿һϵľʹż˵ӰҴǧ͵ģʱҪִһǱǧ֮ڣżȻ赶ϵĹӰ衣
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ӶһеĹӰ裬ƽʵ
Ӱ輸ܲǵȴǷǳ׵ĸܵ滮ƿָо֪ʲôϴɵġ
ȻֵȼıĵϣǶһ裡
ӰͻȻһâձʷϣӰǺεȵһһ֮նɱǧ˵У;Ǳﵱɰ裡
Ŷ֪ʹ˭ӵأ
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Ͷʧˣ˭Ҳ֪֪ĵУӰǰéУʹ緶ΧڣܹϹӰҲָġ
ӰƺԹӰһִֽŵƫȰһӰ裬ȫǿȵ顣
ϵк࣬ұ֤֪е𣿡
ҡҡͷӰ嵽һԵĴϣֻһѾûڣûлʲô
һĨ⣬Ǻһĳ轣˳͸Ľ¹µ£һˮ
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Ӱʱ۾ɴʹ˵ҲܿĳһȼԶڹӰ֮ϵУ𾪵ξѾ˵һС
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Ӷһ֣轣ڿзһĲĽʱ΢΢¹ҫĹâһ㡣
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ʹǺӰҲĶ轣֮̾飬ϲеˣҲڷϵĹӰֱӽǧˡ
Ӱ裬ǧˣѵǧ˾ûʲôʾ
轣°γǱӰʵ
ٺ٣ȻûбʾˣӰǧ֮͵֮ǧһǸ϶ֱӾըëˣϵҵĹϵҪӰ䡣
ӰЦһϧǸʱѾӶʿӣѪ֮У֮뿪ձˡ


693 εѡ
ô뿪ձǧҲǺҪһԭɣ
˵ͷƽ˵ˣʵҲʵĲˣҲ·ˡ
ٺ٣ҼѪ̵һҾѾԤϵ˻һ죬ֻû뵽ô죬ģȻǸѡ񡣡
Ӱ˵ҲкôǾʵ̫ˣൽҵ֮˶̤뻪ĵķΧ˹Ӱ軹ܹôãΪǧҲĽ뻪׷Ϣ
ǧѾˣǲΪĹӰΪеһ
ƽ˵۾ڵĴɨһܿͷҪҵĶһͬڵĵʣ͵ڲԶĲݵϣһУǸʶʱɵУӰ˵֮С
컯Ūˣû뵽ǧҪõĶûеõǼıӰ赹ȵУ
Ӱ΢΢һ㣬ͻȻЦûЦЦȻֹӰеĹâ𽥵İȥܿʹʧ
ղһƣȻƽ棬ȴѾɵӰִ֮ﻹܽӵʱһƴȫϡ
⻹˵ԵʣĻƾղŵһǿȣӰͱֱһƻˣﻹ֧ŵڡ
˵еĹӰ裬ѾȥĺӰֱת뿪С֣뿪ֵʱӰѾʧˣǱص˱𴦣ֻǱ˽ָжѡ
ȥʱҶϦں÷÷죬˶ǸԵģǶԼСȺ壬һ㲻׵Ľ˼롣
ȦӺܸӣһ֮䶼ŶԷ±˶֪ôһ¡
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ҶϦˣʱЦʵ
ȥ˶һ˹Ǳߵķ羰Ǻܲģں߹һȦһǱߵ
֮һβƷڣЦ˵
ԭϲЩɫҼкֲܶãԺúõĹһ䡣
÷÷һЦ
һûкúù÷ҵ԰֣ҸʱȥתһתˣȻǰסôʱ䣿
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ͲҪƶˣʱҲˣǻȥɡ
ҶϦһ÷÷뿪˻
Ԭ֪Ҫߣһֱ͵˻ſڣֱ÷ҵֿϼӳγ뿪Զתص˻֮ڡ
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ڳϣһʼ˶ûпڣŸԵ飬÷÷ðתͷ˵ȴ˳Ĭա
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˵ղŷ飬ллҽΧˡ
÷÷ظһ飬̾˿
˵͹¦飿ûʲôСһ׮ѡ
Цҡҡͷ˰ֵ
㲻Щ꣬ΪҶҪˣֲ˵ʲôҲҪǵôôġ
÷÷ҡҡͷתͷŴɳ۵ľһ˿ǳ
״ҶϦһҶϦҡҡͷҲֻ̾˿
Ĵ壬ܶǳ޷ģ÷÷ȻҪһ㣬ûб˭Ҳûб޸˭ǾҲط
ͽҵˣĴԽҵ̬ںܲʣһйʶĽ׶ΣǲҪýҼ׳󣬵УҪͽֱӵĳͻֹҹǽ
Ĵ˵һ¶Ըңǵʱ򽭼һ𣬻пʼףǸʱͲ֪ĸ廹ˣҲʱ򾩶Ĵ壬лһ屻ѾǷһˣĴ屾Ҳҵġ
Ծܲôϲˣ÷÷ǵúͽίߣ˳̽һ½ҵͶΪĻǽһε峤Ӱˣȥϲʲô֡
¦ҲˣȻԺҵļܲһǹ¦ƾ蹫¦ʣԺ϶ҲǹҵҪͺñڹһ
ܹǹļȴǹҵĵһ֣ҲÿĴڶڹ˵ǷǳҪģҲǹܹ㾩Ĵĸ
¦ǱΪڶȻܶ˶ͷţȴҷŵһ¦ʲô⣬ô˭Ҳ֪飬ʱһչʲôıЩûĵסĹ
ʹ壬Ҳ׵ĶԹҵһֻ֣ϣ¦һ㣬ǿǸˣκεĴ
չֻһѣƾ蹫¦ʺԣ˵ΪڶеţΪһ쾳ĸȴ嶤飬ûκ˻ỳһ㣬ҲǹδѾԤõ쾳֮һ
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ʵ÷÷ǺܷãǼ˼ҲΥҶϦΪȻĽȥȴģ÷ҺҶűʵ
ҲΪʲôҶϦҪ뿪ҵʱ÷÷÷ҵ˰гְҶϦԼȴϣҶϦӳȦӣڼ壬Գ׵˦
ҶϦȷʵһ㣬ȴ޷ģֻܼ÷ңΪ׳һԼ
ҲҶϦҲһ㣬Ȼͬ÷÷Ҳö˵ʲôϾ˼ĸԸΪ˼帶ֻˣ˵̫˵˼Ҳõ뷨
ӳֿϾֳĬлص÷ң÷÷߻ϢĵطҲת뿪ˣƺе㲻ãǽҲкܴĴ̼һʱЩԴͬ߳
ҪҪȥ÷÷
صԺҶϦʵ
ˣ÷÷ԿĹȥ̫ˣС÷ңЩѾ͸ˣЩͻȻһЩĶѡ
ҶϦҡҡͷԺţͤһ죬ȥڣһ˳ʱѾһڵĴʳ֮ǰѪ̵ɱõĹӰ衣
ʲô
ҶϦֵĿʵ˼ˣû
뿪ȥɢʱѪ̵ɱϮǸɱֵ
΢΢һЦӵڳǰīĹӰ衣


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Ȼ֪Ѿ׵쾳ϣ쾳֮ҲֻǴǿһЩ߶ѣ޵еˣִᣬķɱ쾳ߣͻȻϮȻǷǳĽš
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ҡҡͷЦż˵뿪˶ʿӪ֮˼Ѫ֮УϾʿʵҲǺǿģ㿪ǵķǼһǿ֮С
ִһѪ̵֮ʱǧĵϷѹŵĹӰ裬˳͵ǧһֱĴ׷ѵ䣬ΪѾ㵽˻ģԲû׷鵽
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˵ͷ˵ʺʹã᲻ϵĳȡʹߵ֮֮ӦҪ᪴ʹõģǲ֪ʲôԭ꣬᪴ҲƵڶѴˡ
Щ㶼Ǵ˵ѽ
ҶϦĿϸĴһеĹӰ裬ղ˵Щ飬û˵ʲôָ᪴췽ҹ̷ǾԵҪΪںˡ
кܶϢڶ׳չ֮У˼壬Ҳ֪һЩˣϾԺҪҵ֪ȽϺһ㡣
еĹӰ赶ʣһЦԼ˱ŵԼ齨˾˾鶼ҶϦ˵һ飬ҶϦǺεģҸҶϦЩ鲢ʲôܵ飬㱻֪Ҳûʲô¡
˵ǰжʱôûģԭôҪ
ҶϦȻĵ˵ͷڸЩ飬лǱȽϻϲģ˵ѾİԼˣŻ޹˼ɵĸЩ顣
ڼȻѾҶңҲо͵ҵҰɣǵеУҲͣ£һʱרָˣòǰ׼
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ţҵѾˣӰʹȷǲ̫˳֡
ҶϦ΢΢һЦѹӰ˵֮С
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Ϲյ۾˲۽˵һ֮ھǰʼסԼӣ
С㣬ղµ
ϹշһŮˣϵϢʮֵǿ󣬵ȴһܸɵӣȻڹ䷽ɫ˲š
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ǸŮ̼Ҫ˵÷÷ҶϦȥԬؾٰľۻᣬ;ʱ뿪һһʱ䣬Ǹ⵽Ѫɱ֯ϮʤѪɱ֡
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ϢʱϹշоֱľᣬתǸŮʵѪ̵ɱ֣ô֪Ѫ̵ɱ֣
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Ů˼˵ɱǸѪɱ֮뿪ˣǸɱֵûдʬ壬ӻ뿪֮ĵǱɱֵʬ壬Ѿ˵ڡ
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վϹüͷϸϸ˼һ֪һѪ̳֣ػ˲ٵĴۣɱһ쾳ǿߣ
С㣬ҪҪȥһ
ȺһԵŮϹյĻʱ̧ͷʵ
ˣʱҪͽȥʣʱҪ
Ϲհ˰ּ֣˵ˣʬ͸Ѫ̵ˣȻѪǸɱ֯ϲʲǫ̂棬ܺЩҲһܲѡһ㣬Ҫй¶ݡ
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Ů˵˵ͷᴵڣ̾˳ڣɿ̧ʬ뿪ˡ
û뵽û죬Ѿ˺޲ˣĸ壿ѵǣ
һھվһϹ˵һǹһ˿Ц⣬ҡҡͷŤ뿪ҡ
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Ѫ̵ܾݵ㣬ڲһصķУʱĵʬף֮ǰϹټҵڵɱֵʬһںڰеˣŭһӣ̺޵ŭ
ɱֵǻһ߽׵ɱ֣еŭ޷Ϩ


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˵ˣӶУֻаϡԼһЩģӣһ쳣һ˰̣̾ϡ
˵͸¶ǳɱⲻɱһָĮĿϢ·ежֻѣһۣͷ·ĵһ⡣
ףģҶɱһλ쾳ĸ֣ڶӳ½񣬼۸ҶȫƲɣӳԳֶԸǸ쾳ĸ֣û뵽ôȻӳɱˡ
ڵµʬ׵ıϣһɪɪӰһŹƺǳǸˣ˵Щ
ףѪ֯һ߹㣬Ǹɱֶ׹Ҳ˵̨ϵ˾ǻĵס
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һ־޴Ʒ֣ЩԲʳ࣬󣬶ҶҲǳңúƺѾ˵˵֮
򼱾޶֮һеĴ֮˺Ҳ˱ᣬһַǳ͵
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Ӱĺϵľ޴˰΢΢һзһЦ
Ұǧ쵰ȻŵĽ¶Ը쾳ֵ񣿣úãһݷΪСµĸ֣ϧ
һ˵ĺ⣬Ȼ䶢ס·Ǹɱ֣Ǹ쾳ĸֵ
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ףѾʵˣûκεĴ쾳֣ȷǶʮͷѡ
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Ǹɱæ˵õϢǿȷǱֶˣûʲôչʱӳּų֣ԲС
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ǵʬ״ȥѹ£֪ͨҶǱߣҪƻһȵţ
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ߣʧһҰǧκ潻ֵ鷳һˣҲû㱨ȥһķֲ쾳ĸ֣Ǻþöûˣ
һ˾ںڰ֮У˵΢΢һ㣬ʣһҲ׵ʧ˺ڰС
Ȼ֪һУ˵ˮڣѪ̵Ҳûʲôµģ쾳֮ʵһأѾ㹻Ա
ڵܹвȫҲֻеһ֮ˣڵһӦָǲϵģ⣬ͬȼڵ쾳ߣʵܱǿҪȴǺġ
Ѫ̵ϮʱǱǧ֯ҲӴҶҵˡ
֯һû̽ӴҶңǹ۲һʱ䣬ռϺ鱨֮źҶҵ˽ͷ
С㣬
ҶɵķУ֯ת˷ţɳϡ
ҶǷСҶҽӴһϣȡú
֯˵ͣһҲֵļӣձ֮ӵĽĹƽʱ̲ڲʱ򣬼¶ʲô
ǵĹŵ״̬ܿһʹҲʱž̬ȣ΢΢أһз紵ݶ̾ܵӦκεͻ״
ȻҶͣȻòôľ裬֯Ҳ΢һ㣬һĻǿȻһˡ
ҶҺ
Ҷüͷһ壬֯һ裬ˡðһ䣬ڽ֮ǰҶƺǧûκεɣ


696 
Ҷ˵Ĳڽ֮ǰǧҺҶҵȷûκε
֯ӹҶɵݹ裬Ʒһڣ̾һ˵֪ҶǧǷ˽⣿
Ǻܲ˼ҶҵʵϼڻڣǺٺ͹򽻵ǧҵĴȻ˵ȴǺϤ
ҶҡͷһЦ
ûϵȻҴǧҶ֣Ȼȱ⣬ҴŵĽһǧҵ
֯΢΢һЦһǧҵʷڵʵ
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ͳ˵绰ֱӲͨ˶ֻ

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Ϊ书עģ֮ǰͱٶҪ˺ܶʱŬŽ֮ľȱȶ£ȻٶҲҪࡣ
ͷһЦѸղźؼŮ˵Ҧ˵һ顣
Ѿ׼ȥѰ޻ˣ
Ҧ˾ȵʵĦ޵ûʲô̫ģΪ֪Ѿõ޻ʣҩҲҦڰæռѾռȫˣ޻Ѿܶ궼û֪ˡ
Ȼ˵Ǻ޻ؼ޻Ҳ֪޻ȻҲҲģͻȻҪȥ޻Ҧ˵ȻǺܾˡ


700 ׼
޻ʲô
ڿѼͳʱͣĿҦ˺
ͳ˵⣬ᣬֻԳһоΪϲԣ⣬ִĦԺߵǶʱ䣬ûѧϰʲô֪ʶ
ȵ֮󣬳ͳһǿĹ⣬ಢûʲôЩַ֪ʶͳǼ֪
֣޻ǸöιȥܹҵĻҾͿƳһΪĵҩʱԸһŷãûдĻЧ϶ǳĺá
ͷһЦ
裿ó𣿡
ͳٺһЦʵ
С֣ǲǺóԵĶĹЧΪ֮˵ľǿ鷽Ϊ
ҦһЦͳһʱ䵹ǱȽϳˣҲϤֱӺͳС֡
鷽Ϊʲôã
ͷͳĿҦˣһţ˺ҧһѼ⣬õĽš
Ĺģඥģ鷽ΪҲľڵǿȣĿ޷Ӧ֡
ǳԵĽһ˵ľܹڵǿȣʵҪڻҪ߳ϣǿڣûа취ȫãҲ˷ˡ
ѹܸоԲԭԭ򣡡
ͳʱȻһ˵ڶͷһա
ЩĦԺδؾûиͳ˵Ǹʱͳ϶ûһ£ԶⷽҲǺ˽⣬޷ӳǿĹͳΪҲû˿ˡ
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ͷһЦĿͳһۡ
ʵͳǷǳϻ۵һˣϲֳֻ֣Ϊ˼ûлķ棬ֵľѧƣ
Ҫ֪Թඥ䣬书ɲܴȻԽ̣ǶԷѧĻҲ޿κε飬ʶԺ޸ģֻǸӦ̶ȶѣȴһԣ޷ġ
ͳԾںܲһˣҲ޷ˣƷһ书УƾǰûĶѧߵľ磬Ҳŷǳµܡ
ȥѰ裬᲻ʲôΣհҪСֺһȥ
Ҧ˵ĵĿȻ֪Ѿ׵쾳ʵҲǷǳǿ󣬵ǹңҲ޷Ƶ顣
԰԰֣Ҫʲô鷳ĻʹһȥȻҵ书ûֻǿԵģ
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ҡͷһЦһھƣϾͰүҲ˳ȥռһˣҵ޻ĻƷӦûʲô⡣
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Ҧûİһͳȴǲ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ǿﻹǷǳġ
ûһŮ˲ϣԼǸܣӵֻı£κһŮжеĻѣֻܹʵһŮʵ̫ˣԾŮ˶ĵףͨͨ
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õԱ½½°࣬δӴ¥˳˵ЦĽؼȥˡ
һĻȴֱȥ˶¥Ϊ֪ʱƿ϶û뿪ÿƶıеԱ磬ߵҲеԱ٣ŸոսܲǨػģʵ̫Ҫȥ
ȻԤһģһﶥ¥칫ҵʱƵ鶼ʰ׼°ˣƵİ칫Ҵû
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ƶʱϲ̧ͷȴ֪ʲôʱѾæתͷȥ
û˵Ļ촽ѾסˣһҵӵǣֱƿҪʱŻɿ촽˵˫һ͸ϸ˿ǸղżĲ
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һֱæŸ飬ڳһеʱ䣬Ͻ͹ˣûпʼ书
΢΢һЦĿʵߵһȺŮǣԶˣƽʱûʱ棬ҦҲûƷæ
ҵ˵ҲǼŮĿǰ˵ɹһȻᣬѾʼƹҵĴȨŵ˻֮Ƹǽ´룬һƬٵ
ţǸҳ˺óʱ䣬ڿԸӦ˿ʮ΢֪Կʼ֮ҾǱŮľȻԽԽæˣ϶˯һҹŮľо˯Ҫá
ϲ̵˵ǰԶһСŮ̬Ҫð˵ĳ޺͹
ȻǺܿģҾ֪һɹģûµʱҪһ֮õĺôڸ󡣡
Ц˵Ħ޵ͷҲ˵һ
Զ׼ȻĺôҪԶĦ޵Ҫ󣬵ΪһŮˣƶĦ޵ȤҪԶԶĳ衣


701 Ӱ
Ħ޵ͷĹЧƣһһ㹫˾Ȼ˾뿪˹˾һȥһһʮͣȻƵסȹһҹ
öûƣȫһĻ棬˶Χˣڶ컵ĴϢֱ֮ŽĹƽ
峿ʱɻĻУĳ˯ţȻҲһʱ书һȻǲ˺ԶʱȻ֧ţȥŨŨľϮ
ƵĶͷһǣȥ˳һٷʢͣ˵˴֮һصǣ˯ֱ˹
һƽߵ˫ۣı۰֧ϷʱߵƲͷ촽Ҳһޱȵӡ
ͷһȣһƣ˶ʱָɲһ˲ȼֱҲסĳĵʱŻͣ
Ҫȥѽ
Ļűеţ̣һεĽʵ
ѾҪȥѰʧõ޻ѾоϧҩģȻôѰҵģҲô궼޻Ӱˡ
ҲûʲôĻӦʮµʱͲˡ
ҡҡͷʱҲ˵׼Ϊΰ֪޻ĵطô׾ͿģҲôȥˣһֱȼţҲû˷ֹˡ
书ôǿӦòʲôģҪ㶼ҲЩ޻ҩľֻԶĳǵļˡ
ϲ̵һЦ͵͵һ°͡
ǵȻҶҲƻûмܹҵ޻ˡ
ٺһЦ͵סǰı˼£һˬı顣
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ƲŤӣʱ䲻ˣҵȥ˾ˣٲȥĻҪ˼ЦˣһܲãȻ˯ڶûȥ˾ϰࡣ
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ڴϣʣµͣȥϴһˮ裬Ż·뿪Ƶĺլ
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ִĽͨߣҵǸʱҲȥһʱ䣬ֱʱȷԼѾ򾫾Źλá
ʮľŹȻڵʱֻǸСңҲһʮַСȣֻǺǿ۷ƹ̲ˣʹ˳ΪʷⲢĨȥŹʷµĺۼ
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ĮеޣȻһ֪Ⱥסҿǵ̬ͶȻǾס˺ܳʱ䣬ǼˣпܴӹŴʼһֱסˡ
һеķȻǲ֪ģѾڲƻʵǰţӵ޻ܽٶȣΪ̶֪λ޵ĸطٶҵǴ̶ˡ
һ֮ͣ˽Ų⸽ĵطЩ죬ȻǸղѾ߹ˣʱͼҲûʲôˣûܹͼϸ˾ϸĵزֻܿԼѰˡ
޲󣬾ǵ̺ʽһҲ̫ʱ䣬̶λòڴ˴Ǿûа취ֻȥѰˡ
ĴһȦΧĻʵ̫ˣһעͺʧ˷üͷһ壬ʱ뵽˰취һϻָɿһ£ʱһԵӡۡ
·̣ÿһξһǣܿͰһƬڵķΧˣͬʱķΧڲϵš


702 صĲ
Բʮصޣ̺ʽ£δ̽ķΧڲϵıСܿΧһȦѾ׵̽һ飬𽥵ĽӽĶελá
ʱ򣬵һϻһӡΪǵʱͻȻͷԤ׵һƫһСĴĶֱ˹ȥһһϡ
ƲͷȥһۣǿĵطѾʼһƬ΢һᣬܲдһ˿ϢȻ֧ҲǺо綾򲻻ô׵Ľһôڡ
ӴٶӦòһַģôͲģһֱȽϹϵİʹõѾˡ
Ҫʹ֮ǿķλſԽ㹻Զľ룬βֱ۵Ȼֱ۸Ժİʹֱܶ࣬Դι״İʹóӸӵļɡ
Ⲣ˵ʹðļɾѾʧˣ֪Żְʹüɣһ㶼һİСЯһڽֵĹͻȻʹû˿ԱֹܿĹ
ͲֹϵĶ¾ҲûʹˣϾʹ÷̫൥һҲǺܴ̭ʷĳУû뵽ȻĮеôϵЩ
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վﾲʱ֧ͬʱӲͬķٶȱȵһҪϺܶ࣬һӲעĻпУִϸľҵĶҩȻǿڶʱھصġ
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һ֧ϸĹ۲һִƺһֹǲƳɵģǴͳľ˵ֹǲͺܹ⻬ôҪڵĴĥǲĵǰ˼ӹһγһ΢СĶңһĶҺ
Һһζһ£ͽŵһԡ
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ǰƯŵĴһЦеԶԶ˳ȥΧƬطҲǻ̵ĵطҲ˳˭
˵˻֮󣬶Էð춼ûʲôӦⲻüͷһ壬Ҫͨ鷳ɾʹˣȫûа취ֵͨشƫԶĲ壬ͨĿԻǷǳġ
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㣬ҪǸ̶
׳е۾ɫ¶һ˿ı顣
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ԣһġ
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˴ͷ뿪֮ĲҲ뿪ˣȻҲβ󣬲ˣһֱڼһ
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׳ȻλȺߵһ˶ʮԵĺ׳УڳУ׳ϵϢҲǿġ
һξ֮ԵĲ˿ʼʪʾΧˮˣֻˮԴıϣҲǸ̶ѾԶˡ
һϲµĲɵüӿһЩһζʮֵԣǰ·Ҳعͷ


703 չʵ
΢΢һ٣ָ̻֮ǰͨǰٶȣЩƺ쳣ľ裬֪һ˴Ҳûзɶļӡ
µĲôһϸ΢Ĳ𣬶ܹЩ˵ľ
ЩͻȻԷЩ飬˳ŶԷ˼ϾЩ˲޵ֽҲ̫ںȥ
ͷһת¶һ˿΢ЦͷʾһǰǸŻɫݻ׳м״ɫʱһӣ˼ǰС
һ˳ïʢĹľԺӲݲϵǰУ;ʮŴ׳ľʹƬЩľĴ׳ҲԵ̫ˣԶԶĳΧľȻΪ￿ˮԴľгˮգ֦Ҷï
ӵʱ䣬Χľıϡ裬ϡǰڳһСյأԼ߰ʮƽ׵ӡ
һյûκεľľԺӲݶûУһŵأһ̶̶ˮǳײԵúһƬƽˮ⣬ʲôҲ
˿ҪǸ̶ǰԶʱΧľͻȻ߸ˣ͸ղŵЩ˶һ򵥵·Ȼһˡ
˴ͷǸŻɫݻ׳УЩһŹֵڣճȭͷλ⣬ȭڶͷϣȻ󹧾ľϹﻹһĲ
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ǰ峤ȥ԰ɣ˸ҲûʲôϵԼҪ̶ģҲûƭҲ̶йޣִҪȥĻҲܹǡ
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ЩսʿõˮԴõʳǵǱͬǵİȫҲʱҪðΣա
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΢΢һЦֱ˵ûȥôдΪЩ˲úôһ£ǵΣȻڱȽԭʼ״̬
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ǿҵˣ˺ܶ࣬ǣǿ׳ˡ
ͼﲻεĿһС壬ȻΪսʿǶ˹Сܻһҧġ
΢΢һЦ֪ͼ˼ǿβǺǿ׳ԶԸǸǱ̶·ĹڹԲŽҪֹȥ
˿ܵĻһƬƬĸߴѡߵķֿߵһԣһЩ̾ҪǰͼĺֹУЩ˲òͣ˽Ų
Ȼ֮УͼǷǳǿģû˸ڵ궥ײ
ߵһ֮²˵վһڵȫһɿµƶʱϳ
ΧľڷҶ£ӴֱӾɵһԡ


704 ͼ
ľްĿϢǵصϮΧĴƬռ䶼ѹ£·̵һЩ˸һ𾪵ӣ۾촽Ĳһ˵ӡ
һǿƥıڤʱӵڷӵȫ緢Ŀռ䣬ıڤγһ©״磬ܵĿ֦Ҷȫ˽γһĻɫ硣
ߴʮ׿Ļɫ磬ɳĮУûĲˣһǾȵĿɿڴǰʲô飬ͼﶼһ͵顣
֦Ҷ磬Ŀ£Ȼһʶ𶯵Ƶ˲ʮоڵĿ֦ҶɲǼ䱻˷ɻң׷һصĿݻɫķĩ
վһؿݻɫĩм䣬վһ֮⣬ΧĵطȫǺһݻɫĩƬطҲ˿Ŀ֦Ҷȫȫ˷ĩ״
ǿʵչ֣ڳĲ˶ôˣûϾȻôǿˣܹ׾ٵһУǿɺ鶼ˡ
ͨ
һϥһĹȥ
˴ͷ֮һͨ˳ڳĲУͼ峤⣬е˶Ѿʵֻӡ
ǵߴ󲿷ֶߣǸղŴϴİԵƥϢټϺչֳʵѾǶĤݵĳ嶯
ǣ书
ͼ˺ܾãŻ³˼֡
û뵽Ȼ书书ֻѾ쾳һҪǿһЩѡ
ԵЩ⣬û뵽ͼȻ书ֶȻҲǾԵĺ˿лȡһЩϢ
쾳ס
ͼɻĿһۣȻ֪Ķ࣬书ֶĴھѾѵˣҪ书вͬľ֮Ĳ죬ʵЩΪˡ
ûϵ㿴ҵʵܲܶԸǸ
ҡͷһЦָָǰǸ̶˵
֪㣬ԡ
ͼͬҡҡͷȻʵǿǸʵҲ߶ڲ޷ԸĴڣʵ޷˭ӵǿ
ʶʵ֮ͼûټȥ̶ˮһԣȻʵҲѾϿˡ
ΧЩˣûͼ峤ǿ񣬵Ϊֹɹڵϣ羴Ŀ·ʲô·һ
˵ͷһֱӴЩڵϵĲˣ˲͵̶ıԵһĻЩ˸۷Ź⣬ǿʵǳ
̶ıϣӣƽĹ۲һ̶ˮ
û£̶ˮһ͸ľһ㣬ӡճΧľ
̶ߵߣһЩѹĺۼƺʲô̶ֱӻȥӣۼĿȴﵽ˽ʮңĨһ㣬ᣬŵһȳ쳣ζ
ͨζϣټһ̶ȻĹһ޴දˣĿȴﵽʮңȻһ޴ߣѹͼܵʱҪȻһӴˡ
Ȼ书Ѿ쾳Ҳںˮºһ޴ಫҪǰһ׼УȥĻҲһ鷳
һһ̨С͵̽ѾУ̽ճõӵиָĹܣ򲻵ͺţҲͨ۵ĹϵõˣȷȷǳĸߣǻĵĿŻʹõĶͺš
ϲһƽȵķˮϣһĹ򣬸ֲʾʾϡ
ˮ¶Щ䣬ֻвʮȵӣȴЩ⣬Ȼ߰ʮףʵЩ˼飬ɳĮоȻһ̶ˮ
ˮеʶ˳ȫʹñ׼ֱãǹߵĴȻˮִĶҲּˮԴȾŪҪ򣬲ſԹֱá
˼֮󣬴еݣŽˮս˽ָ֮УһжǱŲģЩȻûп
ڼʶչֳǿʵ֮Щ˸ҽӽͼҲˣѾ˺ľη˵ˣǸ̶Źģһ˹ʵǿû£ǿɾҪ군ˡ
ԶţȥҪ̫˵Ǹͻġ
תЩһۣһֱ֮ӷ̶֮УˮϽһ˿˿һˮûн𣬷·һӰֱʧ̶֮¡
Ѿȥˣͼʱò˶Ǹ̶Զһ㣬ͬʱһ˻زȥţǺʮһȺ
ϾһȥǾǲˮԴܲܽ⣬棬ôǾͼǰûκεı仯һӮ˵ĻǾͿԻˮ̶ȻˮԴӴ˲˲ΪˮԴˡ
㽣ͼһŴĿԶѾָƽ̶һʱ䲻ɵЩˡ
ЩҲһҵطпŴ֦һڵȴǸ̶ˡ
ĳ֣˵ζϣ
ʱ̶һʱǰһƬڣǱܿӦˮµĻ谵һ쾳ĸ֣ʶ̽ķΧҲǷǳģ̶Ŀȶ˵ûκε⡣
Ǳ𽥵ļˮµѹҲڲϵӣǱҵʱ򣬾ǿȶѾ㹻֧ˣҪĸſԶԿˮǿѹ
½֮У̶ಢûгʲô쳣״ͷ·һڱΪڳһ㣬ֱͨ£ûκεͨ
ҲļôƵ̶ǱȥԽǱԽǾ裬Ϊͼ˵йƭЩƭûκεĺô
ôķΧûмǸôпܹǱĵطѾҪӽǸطȻҪӵļעʱע͵Ϯ
ִŵֱʾĿǰǱѾʮ׵λã̶Ѿǳˣ׼ֱǱ뵽̶׵ʱʶͻȻɨһƬ̶ıԵ﷢һҵĲ󶴡
ǵһ̶ǽϷֶߣʱһϲ˲ȥ̶׿ˣתǸ˹ȥ


705 滨
̶ǽϵǸߣ߲һĳȥнǧף쾳ϵ˭뵽Ҳ·һˡ
쾳߿ԽԭķѭתΪںҲӤĸڵĺʽͨȫƤӴĿǽ쾳һҪҲǷ쾳Ҫ׼֮һ
߲೤һڶĲü߲ˣշһͬȻַؼѰ·ֱһСʱڴˮ¶ͷ
ʱԼҲ֪δֻ֪һ¶ߣ˽ˮ⣬ûķ뿪ˡ
صĶߣѾ쾳µȫ棬ûں֪ȷ·һҲ֧ŵ¶֮ڡ
¶ˮʱ򣬻ӵʱ䣬ͻȻȾһƬڣûκεĹԴʶȴǿԲǰǸĵ֮ϣԼԼĴһȵ𶯡
ϸĸӦһ̾ͷֱǺ𶯡
΢΢ķķֿˮ棬ε˰ߣϢĴˮ˳Ϊ˱ֻĹ﷢ĵûϵ·Ǹֱ񣬸ӦϵϢ
ſڵ֮ϣӵ洫ľнԷ֣ǸӦ˯֮С
Ϊ˱ĳ֣Ҳûʹʶȥ۲ǰΪʶһ־Ȼͨ˸оǸ֪ĶȴпܷĴڣǰ˵׼ǲ
һһܵƳУֹԴʮ΢ƣǺĻҲֻܿµ·ͬҪԽֻ̫࣬Ҫһ˿˿ĹԴͿԿΧľ
Ȼİ˽ܵƵĿأ΢ɫâΧľҲԴӳһй߳õĺڰ״ƣΧľʱӡ
߲ǺܴҲǧƽʯᾣܶι״ʯͷֲڵϣûʲôֲ߰ΨһֵһֲĶߣڶĵط¶һ޴󻨰һǣҴɫȥڵɫ
Ƕ仨һǣжʱǿһǣ֪һҶ˵طΰڿഫǸ֮أ޺Բ滨ĵط
еĸ˻ûɢһ͸ͷǾ̾ĹľҵﲢһżȻ飬Ȼǳĳģ򲻻˯ĵط
΢ĹԴط˹ȥȻ߻谵ҲɼЧȻǱʱҪһ㣬ϾҲҪȥֱ濴ľʲô˵Ļڿ¿ĵطһƬڡ
شȦ֮ȷ˹̾ĵط¶һǵĺɫĲԶдƬĹʯеһʯ·¶һɫƵĳβͣβ;ͿԿ϶һˡ
˹ȥϢ˼£ûбҪ£Ҳ־޴ڶȻѾ쾳Ȼ绹ǿĶͱǿ֪ٱ׻ǲҪȥǵĺá
Ϣһ飬ȷķǳĺãȫһһڶﻺţ˹˯Ƭʯʱ˼Ǹӡ
޴֮ĵһͷͱ࣬λѷȴ־ɭŻҪĿ㳬ʮϵˮͰ̳һһȦ˶ͷȦλãйɵһһɡ
Ȼ޴Ĺ˯㣬Ȼ뵽ȥѣôĵ˹ȥ֮ʯֵı󿴵ЩĲ滨һʮ꣬ѾԵˣǶѵҧۼ⼸滨Ǳ޴Ĺ߳Եġ
˲ۣʣľ滨Сժаֻժ˻꣬һֱ˽ָ֮У滨ôԺͲٴԶܵˡ
ĿǰΪֹв滨ϰԺ޻һ֪Ҳ֪ȥ滨һжʲô⣬ȥоеʱЩ飬֮Ҫ뿪ط
һ˲ת䣬Щ滨׼뿪ʱ򣬸һתͿһ޴ͷ­ڶߵĿУӴԼҵĸ߶¸Ӵ
޴ͷӻҪ󣬹Żƹ۾Դô͵ͫΣյĹâ
ȻѾ˺ܶ꣬Ѿһ˿ԣԴһ˿ɻȻǵһˣһ̣һ޴˻ʹӹߵĿз˳
Ϊ̧׵ĹУʯֱƬ滨ĵطȻûһ仨һɫĶֻʣ˹ͺͺĻԵŭӹߵĴ˳޴βȻһɨ˲佫Χʯȫɨϡ
һʱ䣬ﵽǺɵľ޴ʯ飬ɨΧϰ֮󣬹ߵβͻһӰһĺХֱӶվķλɨ˹
⻹ֻǹߵĵһڶʱ򣬹ߵľ޿һţ¶ĿÿһᲴذôеĽܵƹ£ĺ⡣
ڹһǼ峺͸Һʹӹߵ˳ٶޱȣȹ߻ӶβͻҪѸ٣˹ȥ
΢΢һ̾˿û뵽ôСжջǾ˾޴Ĺߣڶúֲ߽̫õѡ񣬾ҪɱҲõ˵֮ϲС
֮΢΢һζֱӴӹߵʧˣһֵ̳ʱ˾Ѿ˸ղŵ̶ϡ
ʱ߿мĶҺſ֮ǰվĵطһ̴ӵ֮𣬽港ʴһ޴Ŀ
׳֮βҲһɨǸλãһľ磬ΧЩʯȫɨһɶ
һܲˣѾõ˲滨ֻҪȫ뿪У̶֮ûκԥʱ䣬ֱһͷ̶ˮУʱķѸٵĸ˻ȥ
һοɺʱͬˣʱΪʶ·Ҫ̶ˮǸ޴Ĺ﾿ʲôʱεٶȷǳĿ죬м٣ԼˮжĿһЩ
ۿʧ̶ҲٶȻָһƬڵһ޴˻Ȼڶը졣


706 
ˮͨﴫһ˿΢⣬Բһ׳ĺӰ˲ڶֻһ޴ˮǵ׳ĺӰʱûˮС
ˮ·ɿǰУ˫۷ɿĻһˮдٶȷǳĿ졣
һѾ֪·ߣһŴĹ׷ţˮͨڣʵǲʺϺϤˮԵ򶷣Ϊ˼ǰУͨＤ˾޴Ļӿ
˷ɿǰУĹ׷
ĳէ߿ﲻ֪̾˶ٳʱ䣬еָͨƣͨڵˮˣǹܹ׼ȷʶ뿪·ߣֳˮпٵİڶһӰ˳ͨǰС
һĹѾ뿪ǰǸߣ̶ڲȻһУڿһ˶ʱװ˻ƽһ㣬̶ĵײֱˮϼȥ
ǰŸ뿪˶ߣһ޴ĺӰͬһʱܳǸߣ·׳βȻˮһ鶯׷ȥ
̶ԶȺͼһȺˣͻȻ̶ˮӿһ޴ӿͼһӰ𣬴һ޴˻ΧȫʪˣԶĲˣ඼һͷһ̶ˮ
Ӱ뿪̶֮󣬻ûصʱһ׳ĺӰ̴·δƽϢ̶׷һ޴˻ſľ޿ڣֱһڳеҧ˹ȥ
״̬Ȼȥɾ޴ķ֮ʱ˳ӲŲ˼׵ľ룬֮յıܿ˹ߵ˺ҧһת䵽˲֮˵ǰ
ʱͼһȺĲѾȫվһŵͳЯĴ۾Ķ̶Ĺߡ
ߵ϶ɫĻƣı鲼ȫӾһߵķŴ棬ͷЩ֣ĸ޴Ϸǽʲһͻһľһ㡣
ͼһ˿ޣ޴ĹߣԶǣǻ˻ҽҲһ
ߵĿУΪ˹ߵĹʳһʻȴ˱Ĺ߸
û㹻ʵȥɱߣͼһǰȥʬΣӴΣҲôҲΪˮԴ;
˺󣡡
һ٣Ҳĳ˵
򵥵Ȼòͼв˶ˢˢĿͼֻͼĿһıӰĵ˵ͷһ֣ͷ˿
ͼĴͷҲԾȥһȺ˵ļ˹ߵע⣬߾޴۾ֻɨһЩˣͫһ˿۾΢΢һУֶϡ
ϣ߲һɲͬѰϢϢвҪԶԶĳЩĲ֮ˣԹȻ֪ʱӦȶԸ˭ЩвһĲˣֵȥѾ
ζǴ׳彥Ĵ̶Ӵ̶һȦȦĲ̾ᣬȻнʮ׳ڵĻصǿļ⣬ټǲʱſ޿ڣ޴ǵĺ⡣
Ȼ̶֮󣬲ûʲôľٶĲߵ־ϣʱκε߿϶˲Ѹײڶ֮Ʒ
ڹ֮ǰһ㶼Ǿֹģһǵٶǳ£Խͨ۵ļޣӦʱ䶼ûС
˵ľ޴󣬾ܱܿأǸղ̽ʱѾʶٶȣûκεС֮⣬ڵͻı鲼ȫ£ʶֱ˹ߵϣŹߵһһ
Ȼһ֮Կ϶߾׷ˣЩ֮˿϶ͻˣŭĹߺпܻɱҰΧڵһǰЩ֮ˡ
ͼ⴦̶·йߣҪȥĶ飬ҲܻὫЩ˶µģȻǿ׳Ѿ쾳ûлɱߡ
ǿ֮ݻʶͬǺʵޱȣѾ׵ĸܵһصȫ¶ڣȻûʲôԣܲ嶼̲ס΢΢Ť
ֳܴزϵĦǹߵͷȴ˿۾һգգĽһʱ˽֣˭Ҳûȶ֣͵ȶԷȹˡ
ʱ仺ţ˫˽ʮ֮󣬹ûֶԣȷ˹
ʶڹߵϣԺĲȫļ˲ıһɾ޴ʱЩӿ֣ߵͷͻһӰ˲ѾǰȳϢ絽ϡ
ûκεĳɣѾ׼ͬȫӿһɳƶʱ˫ûκλεǰһƣһ񱩵ĽѾһ֮Źߵľ޿ھͳ˹ȥ֮һ֮
ڹߵ˻УʮƵĿĻͷصһը죬ߵͷǿĽֱӴ͵һ˦һѪ£ȾΧĵ档
һغϵĹʤ
עȫ߲Ľʮƣǳĺˣܹߵǳ֮ͺǿһˣЩں涼ȭͷһаĽкã
ڹһ룬ٶȽͷ˦˻ʱ򣬲ЩȴǺһϣŷֹ߾Ȼû̫ܵصˣֻ°ʹһڶѣ϶ڹ˵˿ڣȴ׵ļŭ˹ߡ
˦˦Դһ˻ԭ̳һŵĴ׳˲䵯˿׳˲ɨΧʮеĶһľŴ׳ɨ˳ԶЩɾ紵վӣòסߵĴ
űŭĹߣһʧԭأһٳֵʱѾ˹ߵͷλãȫȻֱһѹлֱӸ˹ߵͷ֮ϣͷ­ݺݵ˵ϡ
һȥ̰һãһʧ˹ߵͷͬһʱ䣬һ׳ĺӰɨ˹ߵͷǹǳβ͡
һƴ˹ͷʱѾ֪߲öԸˣΪһƱûȫķӳǱ˲ƫͷֵһ¡


707 
Ľ֮ǰѾſľ޿ڣͷ­΢΢һƫüӲͷֵһٶͬʮֵĿ٣Բûг׵ıֻܿжһֵĳ
һֵĳֻùߵͿһڣһѪѣȻЩѪԳ˵ܿ£ǶڹӴ˵ʲôҲ͵ǳѪѣûκεӰ죬ʹ⡣
ڶƲŻֱ˹ߵͷҪͷǵķжôľˣʵ֤еĲ²⣬ǾƾڵȻûа취ǿߵͷǣ
жǿǺģȫ֮£˵һˣһ£ҲûκεֱӾͻữΪһƬǹ߾Ȼһƽͷ­ѹ˵ϣûκε飬˲͵βͽ˷
һԵĴϵĿŹǻ̧ľ޴ͷ­ʱ˿̣ߵ۾ѾһƬѪ죬ͫг˷ɱ⡣
̾˿εҡҡͷ첻꣬ûа취׵뿪ˣһԺҪˮףͻȻϮ֮£¾ʮΣա
֮һʼʽλɱߣҲϵһ¶ɱ⡣
ȻҲоɱ⣬ʱŭ˻һ޴һڣ˲仯һӰվǿ֦
ƾ뻯貨΢Ȼǲܱ߹ģǿôˣֱӱ߸ײˣһ֨ѽ֨ѽȻһ죬
ڹߵķ񹥻£ϵּٵĶûܵǴյȥΪڿյϹ߸ʩչӴǲܵĿռ䶼С
ͲһˣﱾΪˮ̶ľ͹ľԶܼܼĳ̶ȶ˵ȻǺѹ۾ּٵĴ󣬵ǶԹ˵Ͳˣ޴׾Ϳľ֮ǰ
ķĹֻİڶеǰľȫײˣ޲ýǰǵӰֵӰһҧء
Χ̶ķתһȦҲΧеľײصʱ򣬹ͻȻһ٣޿һţ峺͸ĶҺ˳
ۿٶ׷߾ʹ䶾ҺĹЩҺٶʮֿ죬Һͬһʱ仹鲼˲ͬĵطȻǼ·ߣɼߵĲʮֵĸ߳
ȻϮĶҺζʱһת˵ֱӳŹߵ¿ٵͻȥǰһξ붼öҺȻʱߵķΨһûжҺķ
߾ȻԲģ˶ͷ̶ҧ˹ȥĿž޴Ჴ·ѾȲĽʬΣǾΥʢ硣
ϧģһƻ
׻˵ߴߴ磬ĹߣȻҲƵҪ
׼ֱߵͷ­߱ڵȼɣʵȴ̾˿ƾڵǿȣԻߵͷ
ȻˣҲֻѰķԾͽ˹ߵߴ֮ϡ
ڸղŴŹһȦһȦ·֮ʱѾ˹߶Ҫķǳãûн¶һֱڵϣߴǸλãǴû¶һֱķǳá
Թߴľ޴ͷ­ûκεܣǿĽ̳ٶȽߵͷ׷
Ȼ޷ߵͷǾ޴ĳȴڵģʹǹǿ׳ҲĽʮƴǿ
ڵһ½ߵͷ׷֮žһʮÿһƶȫߵʱܿƵһһε׷
Ȼ;мι˦ž޴βҪֹǶƮ貨΢˿
򲻸ˣڵڶʮƵʱڼ˹һֱǸҪλá
׳ߴǸλãߵƤԺȫɫĻƲһƤŵİɫûɫĻƸǣȻ͹ȣǿɫķΧֻһѣУȴѾ൱ľ޴ˣнһ׵ķΧ
ڵ˲ã˳ֱ۵ľٵתѹǺ֮ĹѾѹʮأȻļǿѹʮأԷӳ񽣸ǿʱ䲢˳̶ȵѹ
˫ֽϬĽ籩һкǿ¶İװ߾һĵ䡣
һܼǽٻƿ
ߵ¶һ˿ԵĹߣ׳βͶʱȻһ˦Ϊ˹ΪԱҪβסǿ¶İװߡ
ϧǺεȵѸ٣β͸ϵ֮ǰѾ㼤׼ޱȵĴǿװ֮ϡ
һ˽ٵʵޱȵĽûһƫǿװߵλã׼ޱȵĴ˰װ֮ϣ¶ޱȵĿ
ڽаװߵһɲǣ߶ʱһŭ𣬰װߴƤʱѿһʱװ߶Ľ֧飬¶·ɫ飬Ȼ˵ߡ
ľ޴۾¶һ˿̹ĵĺ⣬ߵβȻһټ׼סǿװߣǰ·ֱӵ
ҪλյشǹߵޱȵľˣҲұŭһ˦УЩ³ͺߵ̺˶ôӴ
ȻǺܹƽģͷԣȴӵǿ׳츳
֮УȻǻ֮޷ᲢۣĶȴǳԽ಻֪ٱ׾ٵĻɱ࣬ıʨϻ֮ĶҲЩȾްԵĺ
Щ̺Ѿ쾳ĸҲĪģʵѾǳ͵ˣⷬĿභڽߴˡ
ߵˣ˵쾳µˣ쾳ϵҲ˿Եֵߣһ˵ķ͹ô󲿷ֵ쾳˱ᡣ
һܿ˹ߵķŭɨβ׼ȴļȵһĻȴǰ
һ˦βȻΪأΪ˽Ӵһֱӳˮ̶λüȥȻѾ׼ˡ
һ˺ҪλĿߵһʱ뵽ܡ


708 ɱ
ȻѾ⸱ģȻǲܷιߵġ
˹ͼһ˲䣬ξͬһʧһٳֵʱѾ˹ıϣλǡþǿװߵĸֻڰװѾµѹ£ı
ָһʱǻ˹Ƥȴǹĵƫ˷ޱȵĽȻûߵƤʱоһ
ȻղʹõĽֻѹʮضѣǽѾʮֵǿˣ˵ƤһָĸְҲӦñˣǹߵƤȻһ鶼ûС
ʲôһӻˮ̶֮УҪԸͺˣ̶·ʹҲ˵ܹɱߡ
һתһĨ˲Ͱγ轣Ѿܳʱ䶼ûùˣ¼Ȼ书Ч˺ߣôֻܰγˡ
͵Ĺע֮ϣԭĽʱһ죬˲ͱĵıֱһ轣˲Ͳ˹ߵϡ
ܸܵһ˿ǿע轣ޱȵ£˳Ĳ˹ߵ֮Уû룬ֱʣһ档
Ȼһʹ˻𣬵ȴû˿ͣ˼ǸӿٵŤ̶ķǰУղźζĹУѾ֪ıԶ뿪̶Ѿһξˡ
ֻպһľ룬վȻΪɥڴ˵ԭ
˹ߵ֮ʱ͵һĽ̽ߵһ޴ĻڣѪʱܣֱӾͱһͷһȫµȳ˵Ѫζ
˲Щ飬ڹߵѿһ޴ĻڵʱڵԶʱٶת䣬̱೤ǻƵ
ƮƮһƣֱӰ˹ճ˿֮ڣйբĺˮһ㣬ӿĹ˹ߵڡ
ƣóƻڲ֯ṹƤȻЧĵƤѾ轣ˣ¶ڲļ⣬Ȼ޷ֹˡ
ڹװߵĸֻǰװ߱ѹ·۾ѣ˿ڹʱȴװߵķӿ˹ȥ
ֻһ˻ͻȻ𣬹ߵͻȻһӲǰеͻȻʧȥǣһ㣬ôǰ˳ȥֱֱĻ̶ˮ棬̶Ķ棬󻺻ͣ
ʱֻߵ̶ˮϣⲻ΢ĳ鴤һ£ȴûٶ޴ͷŬҪ̧˼֮ʼ޷ɹ
һӵʱ䣬ڵϢɢǳ׵ˡ
ֱʱ˿Ź߻һƨ˻Ѫ̶ˮʪϣڴڵĴ
ղһٵıԣټ϶ʱڼбǿޱȵĽʮƺ񽣣ľҲһĿ顣
ڵľʮֵļ֮ͣԶͬߣͣĳʹǿϵһ飬ڵľҲһʹ
ѾˣԶۿͼǲǰ۲죬ղ͹߶սֱɺħ֮ս̶ΧľǧƽĴĵ˵ϣӺͷɽѪ
һĻʹս˵ĲսʿҲһëֱһ͸ĵǲ֪һֱſˮ
͹߽ս֮ǰǻûм߷ӣ벻߷Ȼ˵Ŀ¡
Ļʱڲڣ˵˹ߣŭĹߺпܻὫȫɱ⣬ֿµԵֵġ
ŹߵϢ˽ʮӵʱ䣬ڻһʹ󻺻վûȥ̶ｫϴɾָָ̲ڹߵһ
һʵĽָð˳ֱӲ˹ߵֱ۶ֱӲ˽ȥ
üͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿ʧɫȻ֮ĹߣƤѾپ߱Ե
̾˿γֱۣĲ˲Ŷ˶轣ֱӿƶǵĻһ޴Ŀӣлһ·ȥһĹһͷСɫ
ǹߵߵĶҪҲûʲôֵߵźܴҩüֵȻҪôߵȥҪúõоһܾܲôȥ
ô˵Ҳ˺ܶ޻޻ߵ϶һЩ벻ôֻȥúõоһ£ҩʹãͿԽߵĹЧ׵ķӳ
Ƶպߵֽ֮ߵͷ̶һҲһ̶ͷ³ܶ࣬һͷı棬һɫ֮޴ͷʱƾոʧѾս˽ָ֮С
̶нȫѪϴɾ֮Ȼ˰ߣԶͼˣ΢΢һЦ֡
ͼһ£ʾⲿ˶ԭزһ˻˹
˵˰ɣ
ָѾû׼ĹߣЦ˵
ǣ
ͼ˵ͷֱ߽֮ȷѾ׵ˣʼղţһ˾޴ĹߣȻһҪСĶ˵
Ѿɱˣ͵Ǹлҵ̶
¶һ˿Ц⣬˵̶ˮܸɾǿֱãߵҲǿԳԵģò˶һЩߵʬȥԳϺóһʱˡ
㣬ˣ
ͼ̧ͷʵֻǲôó˵ͨѣһɵӣе˼úףѾ׼ȥˡ
ԣҪ뿪ˣĿѾˡ
ͷȻһЦȫͻȻһƮȫ·ͶǿֱӺˡ
ͼһ˿ɫûٶ˵ʲôתԽͼֱӳ˹ȥ
Щ˵ʱһͻȻ̧֣ȭͷķڶͷ֮ϣľһ
˴ͷ֮˶ʱҲЧֻ峤ܵĲڡ
һЦЩ˵˵ͷƮȻȥӰܿʧïܵ


709 ջ
سǵ·;ûʲô鷳ֱӵ⣬ԽҰҹϻ
֮һұϢһϣ˳ָһĵת֮ľǸоʱõ˻⡣
ʵûʲôģһʱ䷢ͣ˾Щ֧Ŷѣǲ˵ľͺܴ޷Ȼת
֮˱ľͳ̶ѾǾˣЩ֮ҵתǻѵ³ˡ
ڶһʱһ뺽ֱ࣬ӷ˶ʱѾˣֻһ˶ûУȥѧУˡ
΢һó̶·Ķڵõľ޻޻ǰղͬķúõƴһȵҪʹõʱͿֱˡ
Щҩģһʱ䣬ϾΪʱʹõģһҲãʱһʲôɾͲ˷Щ޻޻ˣͬĸ϶һ˷ѡ
ƷĦ޵ϧĲֻ޺޻ͬҲʮҩģֻЩҩĲ޺޻һѾǧʱûٳֹˣǳϡٶѡ
һ֮óǸͷСߵǰ֮дƷľ飬ߵҲƵĴһھʹߵһʱ仹ûʲô⣬붼ҪƳɽⶾʥҩϾߵǽⶾľƷ
һǸߵľ޴ͷˣ˵ͷѾٵѪͷϿĵط¶ɭ׵⣬΢΢۾Ѿʧȥյ⣬һƬš
ڼĿУ޴ͷҪ컨壬쳣ĺˣϸĹ۲һ֮еĿž޴
ЩǺܺõϣֻҪĴĥһͿˣ̶Ѿʮֵ⣬֮һֻУĿּ񣬶ڴѡ뷨
½֪ŷұӼһŷǻԣ˾ڶ轣ǴŷǻԵеõģŷҵļǷǳŵùġ
д⣬ϵ½֪ŷǻԵϵʽֱ֮Ӵ˸绰ŷǻԡ
ŷǻԵ֪õһЩϺõϣҪ˵̾ڴӦСʱʱѾıſڡ
ŷʦ졣
ߵԺԴ˴š
ֵܣ֪Ū˺òϣúܣǲ֪ŷȻ˼ôȥˣֵĲѾԽԽˣټִҵȽǵļǲôܵˡ
ŷǻԹһЦֺ֡
ϵգȻеڣǹҵʱԶ޷ȡľŷʦضǡ
ҲҡͷһСŷǻԴ
޴ͷûǾͷڿ֮УŵŷǻԵһ۾ͿǸޱȵͷ϶ʱϹһ˿𾪵ɫ촽΢Ĳ£ƺҪ˵Щôվû˵ڡ
˲ûſڵЬŷǻ߽˿֮УͷѲ˼ȦֻͷƤϸ
ǿһߣǿͷҶŵʱǶôĿ£
ŷǻһһʤ̾ĪǱֵܻɱģ
ǰʱ䣬ոձɱˣ̾һ˺˺ܶ޹İգҹȥ˳ֽȥˡ
ȻһЦ·ɱֻ޴Ĺߣ˵һܼ򵥵ˡ
ߵʬ̫ˣѹֻͷ˻ĲҪ˻Ʋһ׵飬пֻܻš
ŷǻԵ˵ͷһͷ˵ҹûĻǰʮ׵ĳȣ˲𣬾Ȼնɱһ޴࣬书Ѿˡ
ߵȷǷǳƳ֮һŵʱƤȻԵֵĹûа취ЧĶ˺һǶ轣ų׵Ľɱ
ҡҡͷǰһͷ˵
ˣֵܣߵߵûûУ
ŷǻͻȻʲôæʵ
ȻߵѾȡ˳
ͷһЦĪŷʦʲô;
ǵǣֻ߳˾޴ߵҲǼƷһһΪĵҩֵҩǽⶾʥƷ괴ֵҩ˾˵ũϵĴˣų޲ɽ⿪ֻ֮Ҫһˡ
ŷǻЦһ
ôĵҩȻԽ⿪¸涾
ʱ£뽫ߵƳһֽⶾҩڵҩȫϤеõũϵũٲݾ׼ϸжһ飬ߵ
û뵽ŷǻȻֳɵĵһЧǿĽⶾʥҩһЩ꣬Ҳ˵ĹЧ֮ǿˣǷʱԲҿ˺ڵġ
ǲǿԽ⿪¸涾һҵǲұ֤ЧǳǿȴǿԿ϶ģҪ䷽֮һҪɽеߣϵ࣬ߵҩֻỵ˵ҩģҲеĲſһݣȴûǸȥʵһˡ
ŷǻҡͷһЦȻֵܻԵɺµõһ˼ƷߵҾ͸ֵˣӦлЩʣҩģʱһЧǲͬ˵еô档
ôĵҿ֮
æ˵
ֵܣæžֵܾŵڣϾֻһˣļֵҪʲô˵УǵУҲԶһֽѣûʲôôΪûа취ɵҩ
ŷǻԵǺܿÿЦǵֵܵУǽͲһˣϣҩˣҪֵʵǹⲻȥôһһƳһžˡ
ãܹƳʱһԸŷʦ͹ȥ
΢΢һЦӦ
֮ôŪУҲµĲĻֵ׼ùߵĥɣ
ŷǻ԰˰֣שͷȥо˾޴ͷϰŵһģһĸ޴¶һ˿΢Ц
ϸĹ۲һµĲһӲȺ͸ֲƾŶ飬һ۾ͿĸǾѵϣֱǿ
ЩΣ
ЦʵʵûشŷǻԵѾ˴𰸡


710 Ƕ
ƷЩǼƷ
ŷǻ԰ֵЩһĳ޵ܾǰǵûļʱ򣬾ʹҰ޵ĹͷȻͷı׶ˣҲʣܴܲһѺȫȡͷƷʡ
ƷʷǳĺãǱҲǺѷɫ뾭ŷҵ켼գЩһ˲
һЦǺսģȻѵķȨ
ʵмֵĶߵֵܣ֪ʲô
ŷǻ԰һĸ֮ͻȻתЦʵ
ߵ
΢΢һ㶣תͷȥϸĴһͷɨһȦ֮ԺͻȻһ뵽͹ֵ߽һĻ
ʱȫһƽߵͷ­ҵ˵ϣ֮ҳһӣǹ߾Ȼһ鶼ûУĻߵͷǿ¼Ӳ̶ҲԶ
Īŷʦָߵͷǣ
תͷŷǻһЦ
ֵܹȻ۹⣡
ŷǻ͵˵֪͹߽սļҳ̶ȣΪģʵֻƶϳģͷǵļӲ̶Զڸ֮ϣ嵽ʲô̶ȣҪһԲ֪ǲɷϵǣͷ˶ƣһǳ̵Ķƣ
ɶƣ
һʱ۾ųһâеĶƣ֪в٣һЩǳĻҲмģЩڹؼʱǿܹסһġ
һƣƵʱҪѸʱ䣬ͷ˾޴ʱҪҲС
ŷǻԵ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ
ûϵ¶ѣʱ䲻ʲô
һЦĸͷǾͰŷʦˣʲôҪĻŷʦܺ˵ֻҪܼ飬Ųƴǣ
ֵ仰Ҿͷˡ
ŷǻҲֽˣЦŴӦһڵʵʵĹߵͷ­˻ȥ
˹µĲ⣬ʱҲൽ¿εʱˣȥ˳ʳ˳׼һʢͣո÷ʱ򣬾˼Ůһ˵ЦĴ򿪴˽

ڼŮΪһž˦˸߸Ьܽ˳˷ֱܵ˵ıϣߴ˶档
ղǴ׾Ϳ˼ѾˣʱڼҲû˻ˣټ֪ǳȥʲôģصȻˡ
ôôˣ
תͷһЦصıһ¡
ˣ˼Ҹ
زСӣٺЦ֮ʵγȥ»˳𣿡
һ˳ҩĶҵˡ
ҡͷһЦ֪عĵĿ϶
ǿԿʼʲôĦ޵ˣ
õ϶Ĵ𸴣ضʱдϲæʵ
УҪȿʼƷ裬ǵʵһ˵Ħ޵żһʱҲ̫š
һЦҡҡͷ
ô
ضʱĴıϻǰıӱһ·ǹ͵ĸоʱһˬ
Ҫˣ˵ƯҪСҪ
εһЦڹ¡
Ů˵òƯԸȥ
˵
Ϧһ飬ͲôںòˣҪ֪ʱԽƯˣԽ׳¡
תͷأһЦ
ΪʲôƯͦõ
ذһۡ
ջˮ˶ϲƯŮˣǿˣʱɱʲôȥѹկˡ
Цһ䡣
ⲻѾĳץѹկںȻԽƯԽˡ
ؿɲһףʱĵһۣЦܳ˳
ֻεһЦͷ˲ˣ׼һӳԵ
˳Էʱûп֣ʵڼûкͼŮһʱѾ֪ˣΪڵһĸӦֻҪڽķΧڣڵ̾ͻ
ûȥѧУ
һ߳Էһʵ
ûаһȥˣͬѧ˵⼸춼ûпϿΡ
ҶϦҡҡͷ
³극ȥһ˼ңǲʲô顣
üͷ΢΢һ壬һ˿ǣ뵽δӼҵļ۴΢һЩ
۴Ȼûн쾳һ֮Ҳ֮۷ټ˼ҵĶתƾѧʵҲǳǿ󣬻ϳ쾳ĸֳһ˸κβǡ
ŮʰȥˣԿ׿ͺճȥˣֱȥ˼ҡ
Ｇҵʱ򣬼ҵĴŽգû˵ӣʱ򣬼ͨſڶվڵģҴҲǳļ֮Ҳڶ࣬һ̬һ
˿ңûʲôˣһֱԽ˼ҵǽͷʧΧֻ·ߵһͺգɻͣڼҵĴſڡ
ʲôˣ
һԺ̾мҵ˳˳ȵжűǹ
һӣм̾ϳЩ˶ȥˡ
үôˣ
һƺΣǰȭʵ
ǲǻûл
ֱ˵ʵ⸱ٴеӣȻǳ飬ôûлĻǺͼ۴Ⱥһ顣
Сȷǻûлȥμ½ұһУֻүһ˻ˣһˣڶԲѣھȫүӣҲ޷֪Сһ˵䡣
Ǹҵ˵΢΢̾˿
ˣҹȥ
ʱüͷһ壬һ˼˵
ãʹүȥ
ҵһЩ֪ͼĹϵȻûȷıʾЩĸǹ龫Ϳһ˿ߣҪֻҪֵ̫ģһһ㣬ϾͼĹϵɲһ㡣
˳żҵĴլӣ߹հ˹յ߹һ·λں󷽵һСԺǰʱԺѾʮ˴Щһͥȣһʮ֮ˣȻǼҵĸ֣ʱΪ˱۴İȫ
˭
Ǹҵ˴߽ԺӵʱԺһ̾Ϳ˹͸һǵǿѹ
λүСѣ˵үˣصع
Ǹ̹˵
ѣ
Ƴһۣоʱһ


711 ұ
˵òЩӦǴδڼҿһȻҲʶ򼧼Ӧжʶ
үˣĿǰڻԲѵ״̬ͣʲôĻ´ɣ
ĮĿһۣҡҡͷֱ˵Ϳ͵ĻǸļҵ΢΢һ㶣һʱ侹Ȼ֪Ǻá
˵ҲڼмΪѣһãǿɾ˽վӣⲻˡ
ǰҵʱƺûм㣬֪¸մ
ȻĿˣʵɫԵĺƽ
ˣ
˶ʱüͷ΢΢һ壬ûģΪǳ궼ڼڣһֱƫԶĵطǼ飬Ҳģڼڹؼʱ̣ǲӴˣ㻹뿪ɣ
һ⻰жʱһ̾˿εĿ׼Ȱ˵뿪
ԺЩ˵ܲ
Щ˿ǼҪսҵʵܹ˵ǿ󣬶ǿЩڱ֧ţǶǴӼҸ֧ѡľӢ˲ţ͵ƫԶ̵ĵطмڼ֮УЩ˱ΪԢǰеıݣԱӻҶɹѵʱ䡣
ƽʱڼңһƾڼĸ־Ѿ㹻ˣһǼ۴飬ϵĵһ֣˴˴ڻԲѣǱ֪֮󣬶ʱ˹
ڼҵĴ֮УĹһλǳʵǼΨһһλ쾳ߣʵ֮˵ǿ󣬾Ϊ쾳ĸָ
Ϊҵ˶԰˶Ƿǳ𾴵ģҲܹ밵Ϊ٣ʵҲǿԽ밵ģ˺ڼҲû书ټϼ۴ʵѾ㹻ǿԼû뿪ңȥ˴ĵط
۴үڻԲѣҾܲܰæģϾǶʧˣүѵԽ磬ӪҲԽ
ûֻǵ˵һѡ
лһˣѾ˸ҽ֣ȫүӣغܿͻнˡ
βɵſڣû˿ÿӡ
üͷ΢ЩΪһʧˣùܼҵħ̵Ĵʧ٣ûǸйеˣֻܾߵ˱á
Ÿ˵ˣʵû취ʱֱǿдȥȾ˼۴˵ʱӵͻȻˣһͷ׷ߴ˳һһҡͷ
ҽʦүӵô
תȥ˲ͻһı顣
ֹۣܹ֧ŵѾǷǳ׵ˣľ˴ôѣ֮˵ùҪԶھԵʵѹ£ܹѾܲˡ
λյĻҽʦεҡҡͷ̾˿
үӻѹĿ𣿡
һ⻰ʱ涼ˣ׷һ䡣
ͿˣİղѾˣҲҩʣµľֻܿԼˣǲҪȥϢ
ҽʦ˰֣ͷҲص뿪ԺӣһֱԶȥˡ
ĬȻվζû˵Ժļ֮ҲһĬ
۴ѹҲζǲ֪ʲô飬Ҳûа취ȥȼһȺˣȫˡ
үӵҲˣڲʺϼͣҪúõϢ㻹ǻȥɣҲǼҵĿ˷ϣҲ˵ˡ
Ƴһۣޱ˵ת׼۴Ĵš
̾˿һֱӾ͵˵ְס˵ļ׼شŵĶ̾ͣ
ҪͣʱļİסѾûа취ˣ濴ֻİִ˵ļϣһ㶼ûӣѹӡ
˵ˣҪһ۴үӣҿκĲⶼΪûһϢҵҲޣϣ㲻Ҫһٶսҵĵߡ
˵ö˵˼仰ſ˵ļ
ָж֮ˣһ̾ԶԶ뿪һȣԺӵİ̽Χ
㵽˭
һĿһλǰȻװҼҵӵʧԶӭˡ
ϳһλǰεһЦҲ׼ȥô࣬ɴֵĳƺš
ҲǵĵˣһĿľΪ䣬ұүѹ֪ȥǱħ̵ץˣĴ
΢΢˵ͷɫµ˵
ү̫ˣһƵʱиʲôʳүӿɾΣڵϦˡ
˻ǲԸȥүӡ
ڲ־εĻүڵֻڶ֧졣
֣ȳһ֡
һгӣһĺ֮ɫȻǲôͻ˸ҽҪ֪ղǸҽʦǺųƻ٢ġ
˼һͷİ׷˼Ǿþ˪ı飬һڱŶԷһλҽʦ
ҽһҪ۳ʱľ飬ëͲǳҩԽ飬ҲǿȬĶҪʱĵУ֪ⷽʶ˳ʱҹл۾⣬ûʲôĺð취ˡ
ҲԸ㣬ΪүȷǺܲãеСпܻүҲ˿ڣǱ߾裬ϾүΪֹΨһ֪ȥˡ
˱һ䣬ζƵ˻Բѵļ۴ϡ
аѾԵտҽκүӡ
϶˵ھǵѡˣ˷ѵÿһÿһ룬пļЩ˸ӵΣա
˱Ļ˵ҲһͷȻʮֵֺγżǼ۴һֱѲǾȥҼһˣҲ֪ȥ
Ͼ½ҵصкܶ෽ߣһҲ߲ͬ·һûôȥÿһ飬ҲǺܲʵ飬ˣ¼Щ档
ãҴӦ㣬ֻܰСʱʱ䣬үѲǾԲ뿪ġ
һҵ˼붷ڴӦҪ󣬽һ۴үӣҲðźܴķգŸȥ۴ơ


712 ˵ļ۴
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˾Ȼ˵һϣǰ˵Ķ֣ʵЩԽܣֱ谵ˣҲ˼ҡ
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֪ǲţʵҲԸţʵˡ
ҡҡͷ˵һ˿⣬ǼңֻоһܹԸǰΪ쾳ߡ
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֮˵ĵȻǲ֪ģ뷿֮漴͵˴ߣ˻Բڴϵļ۴
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ֳһ΢̽˼۴ڣ̾˿
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ڵ˲ת˼£ڴǣ£ʱƮɵ˰У⣬۴ϰܿͻΪһɫĴӣ뼱ٷµĻӰɵġ
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ҪָľأûпˣѾ׵˽ڣȻʩչŴطôһ˿˿Ŀܡ
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Сʱʱܿ͹ȥˣȴ⣬û֮ǰ˵ֻСʱʱ䣬ΪҲо˷ڴǿоѾһľˡ
һСʱ֮󣬷ڵ𽥵ļ֪˹ϣӦѾˣĽôǾҪǲ֪ˡ
һλ쾳ߣǿûֱӴȥѯֻܵԼ
ڣչĲٿλصİУ
ʱڴϵļ۴ɫȻʼĽϧԪΪˣôɫתҪҩĻҪϵʱ䣬һڵЧ
չúҲͲһӵʱ䣬۴˫ۣһ۾Ϳվڴߵ


713 
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ѹļ۴˵ЩӣҲ͸һ˿ɳƣվڴߣĹһ˿ȣ¶һʮѿЦ
үӣڸоô
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ȸղźöˣοǶˡ
۴˵ʮֵ΢
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˵ͷһУķŻȻ򿪣Ⱥİ˶ʱһ˷䡣
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۴ȻǶʶЩˣǽˣûʲôɫ֮϶ʱ¶οЦ⣬ʢҲˡ
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۴һЦ˵壬Ҳ˵Ĵ磬ʢǼмһУ书ΪǿˣĶתƻѾ֮ˣ׷澩һֱٻ֮С
ԭ壬ղʧˣҲΪ˾үӣ
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۴ε˵ڹϣѾҪڣüһݰȫ֪ؼʱ򣬼ȻȥȥˣϵҲ֪ôϵֻܵԼˡ
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Ҫ˵ģڵҲ֪ǿѾΣ֮УǴ½뿪֮͸ȥݷóɼˣɼںҲʮһ壬ǼǰҲǳ
۴˵һҴһӷؼҵĶ飬ΧʱҼгɼҵˣȻϳֻǵʱңҲҴһӳ⣬ļˣѾ˵
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۴˵
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һ˵ǶǼҵҷӣôҲܻ̼ҵվȥԮġ
ҴôҴûκε֤ݣȥ˵ɼҲһҵģϾʤڳɼҵĵλǺܸߵģҪ׵ָ֤ɲһ򵥵顣
۴εҡҡͷ
ʢվź⣬ȴû˵Ҳ֪۴˵Ķʵûʲô֤ݣָʤҪλˣȷǲ̫ðһ¡
ȥһ˰ɣǴ
һԣ˼һ˵ȥĻȽϷ㣬ڳɼʲô⣬Ҳʲô鷳ǿӲҲܰǴ
СȥĻǾûʲôˣɼȻмͷӣǲû쾳ĸ֣ǼǰϢˣڳɼû쾳ĸҾͲǺˣһ˹ȥҪСġ
۴˵ͷ󽫳ɼҵµĺ˵һⶼһʱϢˣǲ۴ҲǺӦòʲô̫ı仯
һ֮һҩü۴ȥץҩηԼʲôעҲһһһ뿪˼ңʢһֱ͵˼Ҵ⡣
Ҹ磬ǵİΣͰˣ
͵ͺյԱߣϳ֮󣬼ʢͻȻľһʮֳϿҵ˵
İɣһǴġ
ͷ΢΢һЦͼʢ˸кһžͷɿʻ˼ǰĽֵ
ʢһֱĳʧ˽ֵĹսǴſٵ߻˼ң󼧼ٶȽ˴Ž״̬һ䱸ɭϵӡ
ϣͳ绰½½ṩһݺϳɼҵϸϸ
ôͻȻɼҵˣ
½ʵɼںϣͶһȦӵģϱߵֵȦӣ˵ӦûʵôԶ顣
ոսӵϢɼҵļ׵ܵܳʤѾħ̵˲߷ˣڲ֪ɼǷԱħ̣ҵļ۴Ĳμ½ұĶ飬˼۴һˣмͼˣȫħ̵
һ߿һ˵ͼȥɼҰݷͣ۴ӻ˶ոҲŰ˻׼ȥһɼңǴ׼˽һɼҵľ
ʤȻѾħ̣ϢǷʵ
½ʱڱŴô꣬صĹһ϶һЩ˽⣬ʤڳɼҵĵλҲǺģʤıħ̲߷ôɼҾͺΣˣҲζڳɼҵЩСͬпѱħ֮С
ȷģǼ۴ϳʤȻʤʱûƭù۴
ܿ϶˵Ȼͼ۴ʱ䲻ǶүӵƷǷǳεģԲܻ𳵵ˡ
ãϵǱߵıŷֲɼµϴ㣬һȥɼң費Ҫֹȥ
½һ䡣
ˣˣʱ۵Ҳһȥ
΢΢һЦҶ˵绰


714 ҹ̽ɼ
صеʱ򣬼ŮûϢȫۼڿˣʱһ˹Ȼڵż
ôǱô˵
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Ȼϣȷǳˣҵүˣֱҹȥʱ򶼻ԲѣҽȥүѾסˣпܾͻֱˡ
̾˿΢΢ҡҡͷ
үӣ
ŮһǶȦôϤֻƱ⡣
Ǽ۴үˣû뵽ȻҲôصˣο鷳ˣү򣬿»һʱȽˡ
ƱҲǳ̾һ
۴ү˭
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Ǽ϶⹫ĵһ֣ҴĶתƾѧһǳߣǸ˲ĸ֡
Ʊ򵥵Ľһ
Թԣҵĵһ־ȻôصˣˣǺΣգ
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һˮż˵ϾҪҹϣڳɼң̬ǳΣүѾ˺ü죬⼸ȥˣҲ֪Ǳʲô
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ƱϾǱŵĳԱЩҲһ˽⣬Ƚ϶ԣصȼŮʹĲˣֻһԸż
㻹ǸϽȥɣѾȥ˺üʱ䣬Ǳ߿Ѿ
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ɼҵϣѾ͵ֻϣڷɻϵʱϸĲ鿴һɼںϵصҲɵΪ֮Ŀ
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⣬ɼ漰ҲǷǳӴ󣬸ǵҵǰиҵͼҲǸ˺ȫʡѾѴ쵽ٽʡݣڰͨԣڵڷΪƸΪĽɫ
˻֮ȥȥʲôطԼһ㣬һȴûܺõĳֻһִͨγͿųֱӳŹˡ
ӳɳ򣬻нİٶ๫·̣һڴҹʱ򿪳Щ˵ʲô⣬ȳҪôĶ˵ֱ΢΢
ʱѾҹʱˣѾʮֵĻ谵󲿷ֵ·ƶرˣֻһЩʹá
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תһȺѡһҿıݣ˸ס
˳ɼҵĵ̣ȻǲԼ֤ʹ˼֤յʱûʲôöڶҲˣֻڹϵһΣΧĻϵ·ߡ
Ϊ֣ϳװӵĶ߽֮һɼ಻լԺ¢ϣﶼסųɼҵĵϵӵܣдϵˣĺĶطǿƺųѾǳԽȵĹˡ
ҵʵҪȳɼҪǿһ㣬ͬǼҵʵɢڸأǶһ𣬴֧˶֦ɢҶķֲ˳ȥµĽֻǵϵĴˣ΢ϵԶһ˶ܾסڼ֮С
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һֱվʮɼҵЩʱѾǵĻɣÿĸСʱͻỻһˣһҪˣҹʮʱǻ˵ʱ򣬵ȵղŹʱÿϵ˽лĽӡ
Щ˼鹰ŵΧĻ֮ʱ಺ѾԽ˹ţûд˿ķôӽʮ˵߻˹ȥ˶ûע⵽ڸղţһ˾Ȼǵ߹ȥˡ
ϾѾ׵쾳ĸ֣ô֮ԽȻʲô£Ҫǳɼŵ˶ܷټôɼҵؾԿ˵̶Ѩһ˿Ըһġ
˳ɼҵ֮βϵĴƣûһطͣϢʱ䣬Ϊٶȿ죬ҪǳɼڲҲڷְֵ࣬ҹͣЪ䱸ʮֵɭϡ
ԱȳɼҵڵǾ÷ҺͼЩڵᣬͰֹƵô˿֦ɢҶķɢ˸طҪʱŻἯеһ
ɼǲȻеļӵܼۼһһ޴һ㣬ĵȼƶɭϣе˶һĹɵ


715 ֪
ڳɼ̽жУܱŵ˵ɼû쾳ĸ֣ɲҴķſʶֻȫӦΧЩɼ˵Ϣ
һСʱĹ򣬳ɼҾųϵĵ̶ѾѲһ飬ʣµľһƬɽˮĴլԺǳɼҵĺĳԱǾסĵط
һξԶԶĸӦܲǸطǿϢһЩ֮ĸʱԾɢϢЩ˻ɢϢûʲôõĵģЩӦϢˣЩʵµľ֡
ǲҪȥ̽һʱ򣬲ԶͻȻ߹ˣһ곤һЩһˣ˶ˣһ˵һ߳˹
壬Ĳøͷ
Ǹʵûκε·̬׾ͿԿֻһûн֮ĳ֮ˣƽʱϢжûд书ӡֻһĲѡ
潻ˣ첻ͣǺúõķʡʡ
ǸΪˣ˵ͷ
ǸŮǺƯģôŻЩ᲻ã͵͵ĸһԵĹȥɣ
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ѽ
˺ݺݵĵһˣЩɸֵƽʱú㲻֮ûнȥ֪ǸŮ书жǱ廹Ҫģ˼ұ˵첻ԷһڲԶûʲô£òģǰ˼ϣҪЩеû飡
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ķ˸ۣ˳ŵ˴ǰԶ˹ȥսһС
˵ĻʱһȻ˵ʱûᵽʲôһǸ˵ĻͲ³˵ĺпܾǼ
ǸϵҲͬʵԵˣǶ˵֮Ҫ׷˵ʵҪһĻ츳еģͷҪΪ˺кĹٶԶͬˡ
˵ĶԻƺǼͼѾܳɼûɱǣҲǵɣרŵ˸ͷķƺû͹ȥɼҲǽûģ׼ʩչֶα˾ͷˡ
뵽һͽ˸ղֶ˽СܿͿ˳ǰеӰȵһǰͣ˽Ų׼ŽȥʱֱнԺڣôںĻ
ʱˣȥϴϴ˯ɣ컹Ҫʵ̫ɢͲȥҲ֪Ǻã
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֪ˣ壬һŬģİɣ
ȻЩѾĶҪˣĲɵķܵ
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εĿһˣ׼˵Щʲôʱ򣬻ûԿ׵ͻȻڴ˿һĪͻȻ˳ûлعֱֶ˽ȥٶԶ
壬
Ȼûǰ飬ʱЩؽеĻû˵꣬ͱֱסͣǿд˻
λǰãʧԶӭǰˡ
ȻҪḻĶ࣬һ¾Ӧͻ״̻һ̬
㵹侲ɼҵļӵܻе㱾µġ
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ʱǱò˸߷αװĤ任һòϾڱϽ׵쾳Ѿʮֵˣ˵׼Щ˾˭ʶòΪ˱ǰЩ·ϢһЩαװ
׵쾳֮Ѿı任沿ļλã΢Ųһ沿Ĺͷʹò޴ĸı䣬ָı䲢͸߷αװĤּ͸ַĶȻѡ˼򵥷㲻úķѹαװĤˡ
һۼʮò˶ʱ΢΢һ㶣ʮֵĲ죬ȻôʵϵǳԾ
Ǹˣǿʱȫɵˣɴûֶ˲ڵˣȻǰˣͲпܱСһ㣬Ǳ˵书ʵֱǲԵơ
֪ǰкηԸ
˷Ӧ죬ȥǳᣬֶһͣɹĳƺһǰľһһԵֶɵɵվæݺݵһֶƨɡ
˱һºģһʼЩãȻĿߵĶ壬ȼ嶼ľϹʱŻعæһĳ
ˣ̧ͷһ׷ȽھˣҪǣʵĻشУҪаٻĻᶼûС
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ǶھڻԷڣʱɼǵɳȨǱˣԭҲǺƺǵ֮顣
˵ʮֵ֪ȤԼҵôģﻹ²ĿģȻΪ˼ҵ˶ɴͰ֪һԵ˵˳ʡһȥʡ
㵹ǻ飬Ҫ֪⡣
ĵ˵ͷϲִ˵һ㶼Ѿ֪˵书ͣɼҾôˣƺֹܷ߰ɣ
ǵ书ȴǲǸŮޣѾҵʵˣҵ˹Ȼǲһ㣡ǱɼҵҩһĹ޷Գɼҵ˿ǻߡ
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ǳɼҵʵҲܲղ︽һȦȴûҵǵĵطǸͷľλʲôط
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ϸıȻһر˼ͼ˶˱Ѻĵط


716 Ѱ
ߣһɼңȻҵˣǳıӵĪǻΪɼҾǹһˣ
һȻûκεƷȴҲǰǰֶŵùǺ
ղſڱ޻֮ڣǾѾ֪˸ǰ˵Ķ֣ҪȥֻйԹԵһ·κ춯Ϊ
Ҳֻǳɼҵͨˣǰʵû̫ĹϵҲֻ£֮УйϵĵطҲֻиͷˣǶǺϾڼеõλ̫ˣܶ鶼ֲǲ롣
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Ƴһۣʵ֪˲֪ʲôҲȷʵֻǸɼͨˣǵ书ϾͿԿˡ
еģڻԷſڣʮСʱ˿أ˵书ҲͺҲ࣬ԲǰĶ֡
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ϣûƭңһڵĻᶼûС
ĵ˵ͷʲôӦֱָһε̲˶ؿڴĴѨ˴Ļ˹ȥ
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ҹ˾ʱ̣ɼҵĴլ֮ۡУһӰӰֵС֣һЩˣӰӶֻԼۻˣʵʲôûз
ܹѲߵĳɼ֮ˣܿ͵˻Էĸſȷʵͬ˵˿ŵĳɼҵӣ˵Ĺڲ֮䣬ʵ޼
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ʱѾҹ㣬ԷһƬڣ¹⿴˷Ĳ֣˷ڡ
ԷǹʱĹ죬Ÿӵļɽˮͤһ˹ĺװʮֵݻмʮ֮࣬һҲҲͼסĸڡ
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˵Ļû˵꣬žѾ˿¹⣬һ˵Ӱĵվſڣڵˡ

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ϢǴĿ˵ҲԸ׵š


717 ֶԲ
ˣȻѾ˴˴ôǲƭǵģүˡ
ȻӦȼһЩȴǸĽʵϾϽˣ˲ٷ꣬һСӡ
үȻҾȻһΪûа취ָˣֻȰãԺ飬ֻܵʱٿˣϣǺܴ󡣡
˵ż߽˷䣬һ磬ʱŴ
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Χӱϣ˺ʵʲôطˣǳɼҵصأǼǱ޵ĵطﵽ֮۷ĸ־ˣȻɼûͻƵ쾳˵սҲǲС
ЩͲǰһֻ֪ˣܶ˶ϰڵľе˶ʹǹЩ򵥷ЯǰҪ߾ȵĶǹ󣬶Ҳ򵥡
һ书ˣҪǹټ򵥲ˣǱĿʮֵȻ׵ٷС
ķ֮У书ֳִ֣ڰһʲô⣬ЩҲһɲСս
һ书֣Ҳ˿ǹֵдӵɱҪųɾŵİҲҪʲôΪֻҪгĵҩʹá
ڳɼļصظˣܹϢѾܲˣôķΧҵǸһϼѵ飬кܶɼҵҹߵѲߣЩ˱ǳɼҵмҪܿǲһ׵顣
Ϊˣ˶ܹҵǣŸеһ˿죬쾳ֽ֣䱸ɭϵĻУҪҵطҲǼ׵顣
ұȽˣղ̽ʱ򣬾ͷ䱸ʮɭϣ滹мǿϢȻǳɼҵĸҪҪһʱֶǸͷˡ
΢΢һЦҸˣץסһ֪Ǳ⴦ԷڣҾֱҵطǱ˽֮Ѱǡ
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˶ʱ۾һ⼸ǽҩ⣬ԼʧνǲüϾ˸ߵ츳ԣԺһϵĳɾͿ϶ǳĸߣΪҵڶҲǴпܵ顣
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С˵Ĳǲֻȿʤ«﾿ʲôҩȻúõһɼļ壬䵽ħ̵УǾζźнɵļҲһħ֮С
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ɼӰȻô󣿡
ʱȵĿżʵ


718 ɼҵ
СɼңȻɼû쾳ĸ򣬵ǳɼҵ۷֮ĸ־֮࣬⻹ؼһ㣬ؼһǳɼ书رʹܴ󣬾ܶˣⲢܸıʵǿʵ
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֪쾳֮һˮ룬쾳ߣڸսʱͻһԾڣһʱֵ֮Ĳʱ
һոս쾳ĸ֣пܱ֮ɱֻҪһʱ֮֮ĸ־ͼ쾳ֵĶˣһЩ֮⣬û˿Υʵ
쾳֮ڿԸһ˿ֻǳԵɣǶ书ҲǾ޴ģǸʱߵʵѾȫͬն־ϵĲ࣬书ϵǷǳ˵ġ
һ֮ں̥״̬رĸ壬߾ĸе̥̥Խĸ弳ȡ֣ͬԽȡ֮ľתĹɣľӶʵ
Ҫʵ޷ǲǿȻǿ书ʽϵķḻս飬ͨЩڵĶǿʵ
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ͬһʹóҲƾķʽԽ䷢ӳһְֵ쾳ߵУһܷӳ߷ֵߣΪǵһѾǧá
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ǰ˿ǳɼҵĴܹܣĴС¼ǳʤڹţҲ˵ڳɼҪô϶Ҫͽʤܹܣǰ;³Զֻܵµˡ


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ȵŹ֮󣬿ػԷ˲ѰĨĨͷĺ飬һЦſڿһǵľԲͬˣ۾ﾼķŹâֻΪʤǼ򵥵ĸ֡ɵĲ
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Ϊɼôħ̵˻Ƿ𣿵ʱɻ׽߹ֶΡ
ҡҡͷ˾ڵĳʤܿѾħ̵һֵģһĸԸΪħ̷еһС
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뷨ҹܲţʲôȥͿˣΪʲôҪƺǼڶǳɼŵĽŲɣ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣʤѾħˣ˵еʤҲȥġ
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ͷĻ˻֣˼˵ѱĽҩǣھ뿪طôôڣǼҿ϶ᰭʲô£ҲźǼΪС
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ɰһȭͷûеǰʹһ󾢷磬͸ߴ״ģϸĶӳ˳Խ˵
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ֱײĴ׳ϥֻɵһַתһСʹźʱС˵ұֱѾŤԭײϥһʱһǰ˹˵ϡ

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һ书ǿӲھȻ̱ڵϣһɷ׵ӣȻղűòᡣ
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ɱ֮ϾͶһ˵ζƣڻԣɱĹˣƾͻԽԽֳ
УƾɱɱĹԽǿ󣬹ʱǰµԹԽǿԹв֮˵ϣһںϽ֮˵Ϣ
ҲЩǿ֮˲ʲôٶһͿˣΪǵմ̫Ѫȣµɱ֮ǿ˾
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ͷһЦһͳľ˵ԣһֻץסֱֱۣӽľһľżһ㱻ٿš
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Ļ־赵ͼ񣿡
ɽڵĺ棬һ޴Ŀռ䣬ռĵطͨΨһʯڣȻʯһŹʯڿͨ͸ޱȣʮֵ档
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֣ʦƾһ־赣쾳ıϣ̤֮ͨУҾʷϵһֱ֣춼ûܹԽʦ赵Ѱ֮˿ԲģһѾߴΣʼһЩط򡣡
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ʲôǻ
ǰ˵λΪһɫۣ滹յĺۼеݣޱ߷ӡ
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ʷкüηְǱ뼧ң׼ȡ⶷תƾѧǶҵĸָˣǽ쾳֮žѧĸָѲǳóԱ֮֮
ͼҵĸֽǺƣΪ־ԼԼԺܽһ׶ԸҸֵķǾǲ׵ĶΪһھǸҸһƵĻᣬǸʱļҸֻӵѲ
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һɽǰӰͻأͣôվһ֮󷢳һɳƵЦһԾֱɽ£գۼѾʧˡ
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ʽӵĸͱĹתԼԣ쾳֮׷Ѿ书ʺԼ书
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ѪҲһ쾳֮Ҳĳ̶ֳϱòѪˣ֮ǰһЩѪĵĨȥˣض˷
һٶ׵ĵطѾƣǰããһƬϿʲôһֱɫСеǷɵʮֵѸ٣һգ۵Ĺʧˡ
ĳλɽϵʯֻʧеͻȻķֱӽ뵽ɽ֮ڣһâǸ񡤲³յӰɽڴŹˣʩʩȻ˳ɽʼȥ
ɽڵͨϸֳΧĺۼԣȻ˹һɽȻڵġ
Լӵʱ䣬ɽڲĿռȻʣһ޴ȻܶĿռǰ汻˸ʽķݣʲôĶУȻΪңϸһȴһصУֻеĽķƫ򰵳ɫ
ħ̵һֲǽפ쾳־ʮˣղĺ겻֮һֻǿһҲħ̷ֲĹ֮ˡ
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һķУϯɫľϣŻ߽Ǹ񡤲³գһ˿㲻Ǻż𣿡
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ߵһԣǸ񡤲³ɵΧһȺ˶ʱòһƣʾ
һνسٶȶȥĹ٣ʱȣǱӿ첽ˣǵһҪɣ׼ǿĲ³ռ֣һЩµİʯ
һٿǸ񡤲³գ»صǰĻ⡣
ǲǲ̫ã֮ǰûк;֮˺Ҫý֪ˣǲǣ
·һλ߳˵ƳһԵǸ񡤲³һۣһ˿ɵɫ
Ȼ˵ĻǸ񡤲³գǺߵû˿쳣һ΢ЦӣƺûߵĻһ
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국Ȼ˵
ħ̵ĸ֮һÿһֲһ֮ˣ֮˾ӵиͷΣһ̶ϿԴħ̽ӵкܴȨϽµ˶Ӹָӣֻн
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ԥһ£Ȼǲ̫ԸѪ
ûʲôҪĵģʲô⣬һеﵽǵϡ
ٶ˵һ䣬ս⣬ȻǶ֮һֵΪֹ˼Ҳܵ˼ʱһپⲻš
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Ǹ񡤲³֣΢΢һЦ˵ǲ³ռõʲôǵļѾǧ꣬㹻֤ǾԿɿĻ飬һ֮ѡλҲΪŷ޵ĵȽǿҪһ֡
ȻǶΪֵʵǿԲҪһɿǣ𣿡
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ˣһȥͼһ£ʱֱ˹ǻϣⲿ˾ȫȨӺ鸱ǻۣϣ鸱ϧЩӵҪȥִһЩ޷ɵ񣬻ǶԿ̫ǿĵˡ
Ǹ񡤲³յ˵ͷ
һԷģҲˣԸ֣ȻߵĸֵĳЩνϾҪЧʣȥ
ӦĺǸ񡤲³ձ֤
ź鸱һԾŶˣôôˣǵ󵽴ʱǻֱӹôҵͲõģǶɡ
Ǹ񡤲³Цḧؿڣ΢΢һƮȻ뿪Ļҡ
ЩѪ飬Ҫ𣿡
ǰλ˵ߣٶȿǻʵ
ʱȲøˣʱЩѪһȥִб񣬾ǵһ𡣡
΢һҡҡͷ
󣬱ʹҪֲѲ飬ʱҪҪͱʹ˵һ
߼ʵ
½ˣǾͰԭļƻӿٶִС
˵ͷ˻֣˶뿪ˣһ˾֪ʲô
ʱԶһߵľɽıڣͨʯϣĸӦεȼһֱڲͣ˵ľ飬Ҳֵһ
ϢصķǳãټǼ˻һξ룬Բû˸Ӧĵ
ʱ仺ţתۼѾҹ𽥵գɫ¹ˮһк˴ϣȻҲҫ˹ıʯ֮ϡ
ʱԭֻͨ͸ʯһĹıڣͻȻʼֳһ˵ӰЩӰƻãڹıһһĶ


728 书
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һʯڴ˳ֱߵʱȵվ
ʱĹıϣԭЩҵӰ𽥵ɢ֮ǾŸͬλӰŲͬĶ˫ָ߾ͷ棬ͬŶĻУŵӰ𽥵ںϣıһӰ
յӰϥԽԽʧ
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ͼ˶ʱһȻǾ赵ĻôǸѧκεĶ
书ɲǰڼƾеãҪڹķѾķŲſԣûЩǸ书ģҵ书˵ӵĶڼ书ˡ
ıϵľŵӰǰڳŵƣںϵһȻƱ仯ǷӣⲢûʲôôҪĻǾ赵ķûķİЩƾǲһǧ꣬Ҳܲʲô
λ԰꣬赵ǳҪҪɣҪϸĹ۲죬ղŲ֪ҶûУ
βվ˵ָǱߵĹı΢΢һЦ
ЩȻӣǶЩ쾳˵ʲô¡
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ڵϣʵ۾΢΢һΡ
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ǱߵʱһԵһ˿ԥɫȻʲôȴһƽһž޲ӡ
ܻһ𣬼֣ô꣬ȷҪ赲һϣ
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˼֣Ҳٸˣ⣬ʲôҪ
ҡҡͷȻܾ顣
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ҲǺ죬ͨβʶģһ𵽵ľۣʱ˿̣ȻҪ
ûʲôô˵ôɣ赣ҵȷǺҪһ
ЩɳƣٺһЦһ˵۾ⲻƳһڵϵļ
Ȼô˵ˣҲûʲôô˼³֮һҪǾ赵ķǾԲưոݣ
ε˵ͷЩ䵭
ȻȻǱŵķȡ֮£Ҳòµ㱾ǮˣֻҪλº֤й¶ŵķ赣ضתɢ
ҲɵȻӦ˸˾赵ķȴҪ˷¶ģһй¶ͻ⵽ٲıӦ
쾳֮ߣѾˣڸͬʱҲϵĸӽܣһԲӦ飬ôӦĻģεĻɫеѿ
Ҳ֪Ӧ飬Ͼߵķؼй¶ȥѾǲСˣķؼȥǼֱͳ˾۵ˣҲܽܵġ
ãõ赵ķ֮ǰǿԷԣὫؼй¶֪
һ˼˵ͷ
Ҳˣ֮ӦҪ
üͷ΢ɲһ壬һ˿âڵѾȻת
˶תƵļڵϢʮֵһ޷ʱ䶢ţȻϢŶķţһµߵļλ쾳ֶûв
ܺãôλֻҪҰ£赵ķؼһ˫ַϡ
չһЦ˵ͷ
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ûйĻֱתͷһԵϵļֵ֣Ҫô
ֻҪΥԭԵ⣬ǲ԰æ
Ȼ˵û˵УҲû˵С
ַģ϶üΪѣ֪ΪֱЩ캦飬ֵҪܼ򵥣ǡ
һЦżķû˵꣬ڵϢͻȻ䱩ǣӰգۼĹ͵˼ǰֳʷ֮̽ƣֱץ˼ͷ­ͷһã
צʮͣȻΧһ˿ûУƵΧȴͻȻһļХƺһ˲䣬ֱץ˿һ
ֵ˲䣬ҲͬʱֱƵһߣ˫žɽһֱӶż˹ȥ
⻹˶ֵʱһԵҲûţͬӰ˲任̤ǷλһĻӰвָɽ̵ĽȴûָǾһż˹ȥ
һ˲ĹѾγ˺Χ֮ƣ׵İΧһʱ֮
ڵϵļⶸȻ䱩ǣθһذδУֱӴӵ˰Уڵȫת˿һʮµϢʱ
ٶȻ죬ǵһＧǰˣȴǾ۵Σǲٶȿ磬ӲǺĵ˼ǰɲǼ㼧һ˴Ѩÿһ¶磬һ˸Ӧʱ䶼ûС
Ǽûô׾ʧܣӦٶͬС˫һ̴ɢ˳ͨ˫ֵԲȫ˴Ƶ档
һ̣˾ȵ鷢ˡ
Ȼ˫һǣԭƾ׼ΣеȻһƫ˾ͱƫˣֱӳһ򹥻˹ȥŵæһУ׼ӼͷϿշȥ
ɲô׵ľԽȥͷһУڰеͻȻеһɴ·˹ȥǸķ
һͻı仯Ҳһǿֹס˼ƣӲͣԭأܿײ
Һõ쾳֮Ƕֶ书Ҳ͵շľ磬һҲ˲ˡ
ôܣ
Ӽ߻ΣͣԭλϣһȵĿż


729 ǬŲ
ղһĻθеǳľһߵͬҲǾޱȣȻһֹĲٿظŪе£һʱ䶼ûзӦôһ¡
ⲻǶתƣԲ㼧ҵĶתƣ
οżһ֮Ȼ˵
ȷҼҵĶתƣΪһࣿ
ƽĿΣɫûһ˿ı仯ƺԸղ˼忪ʼΧһҲеȡ
صĻǺȻǶ֪顣
ͻȻЦ
ҵҪǲһ֣¸ղһκϻҾǲҲᱻǴˣ֪ĳǣȻǲϧԾΪڣĳϹ
ʵȻ۾ûƫתʶȴȫʱעͺ󷽵Ķ
ʶʱҲˣȻͼûʲôޣζԸҲȲѵ飬Ҫˡ
̾˿ҡҡͷ
㲻Ϊô򵥵˵䣬Ҿͻᵱʲô鶼ûзɣ
ƳһΣһ˿ɫ
Ҳָֿ˽飬Ϊ켧ֱҵüֵȥ
̾˿׼żֲע⣬ֱһ͵Ϯ֣ڼȻѾ׼ôֻ¼ˡ
ҵе棬˭ôҪĳЩƺûеˣиûһˡ
ʵ
Ҳգ߼֣ҲĿġ
˰Σǵ˵ͷЩΪȻǺģҪˣǺǱ۵һǰͲ֮źãξץΨһӣι֥ܽҲȲѣŴӦҪɱҪ󡣡
ץӣι֥ܽħ̵˸ɵˡ
ʱ˹ô˵ĻҪüĳȥ֥ܽĽҩˣ
ѾӦңֻҪ˼֣ͿԽ֥ܽĽҩңΨһѪĸĸ磬ҾΨһĶӳ£
˵мĹâһȻǲ׼Źˡ
֥֪ܽҩǳϡ٣ȷħ̵һнҩô֪һֱҪЮ㣬Ϊ
Ȼ˵ƺڸصĽҪͷ٩٩̸һ
һͲͼֲˣȻа취سŵֻҪ輧ֵһþУ
ҡҡͷ߶֮£ֵĽʱ˳ڲϵŽͷ·һ㡣
Ȼûʲô˵ˣҲͲضѿˣֻ֥ܽĽҩڿѾûˣ㣬Ҫħ̵ĵ
ڵҲתµ̱鲼ֿһߵǶλĳȻǲϤӦ˵ңֶԸңһ֪࣬һᱻ׷ɱףĺǣûǵĲ֮
֣ͲزˣѾһİš
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֪ʹʲô书ˣ
׼ֵʱͻȻָżһУüȵĻعͷˡ
֣㿴˸ղŵ书
ʱֹͣ˹Ͼ֪Էʹõʲô书ź취ƣȥ˵ͻᱻˣһ쾳һҪ·ɲô׾ץˡ
תƣŲƶԷղǶûʹ幥ȴˣ뵽һźͶתƺ书ǾǬŲƣ
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һ˿ֲܷ嶷תƺǬŲƵ𣬵ȴǿԷֱΪһλǰ˶ת书ϣǡּʶǬŲƣһֱмء
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书֪ڰ书֪ǵʲô𣿡
οʵҲ֪ĶһЩϼʱ򣬾Ͳ̫ˡ
򵥵ǾǶתڵѭǬŲƵڵѭһŲڵһŲȽ϶ԣǬŲƱȶתҪȫĶ࣬ϲйΣա
Ķż˵˵תǬŲƣ书һͿγһɵѭ԰һ壬һַǳϣǵûм˭ͬʱ书ﵽһá
ǬŲƲǻĵ书İݻ̣ͬʱҲǰݻ̵̾ѧҪõɲһ׵顣
ϡĿżȻû뵽Ȼͬʱ˶תƺǬŲƣвɵһգҪԸɾûôˡ
ļתƣѾһЩ㣬罻ֵʱʹͲüҵĸʩչԱ֮ʩˡ
ڼǬŲƣѾһһû״̬ʱȥԸڳֿȭȥԸһֻڹڹ꣬ܰѿã޷˺ڹꡣ
ڼˣǬŲƵⲿټ϶תƵڲһһศɣԷӳԶԶһ书ġ
֪ǰû˵ҪζԸͬʱǬŲƺͶתƵˣ
Ķż
沢ûо˵ֻ˵Ҫϵѭ˵ԷԷԻһмӳֵϵĹ
ҡҡͷ
ѭȥ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼ취
λƺѼĳˣҿɲվɵɵ˶ԸҵķȻԸңȻڶԸңҾֻȶԸˣ
䣬αξͳ˹ȥһ¾Ȼ㲻ǼĹһֱѡǿǸˣǾ۵Ρ
úã
εͺһеֱ̧


730 
۹λãȻʲôС֮ͽ֪תƼǬŲƺҪʶһϾֻһ֮ʶѣЩ쾳ĸ˵ǲôǻ¼¡
ԼĺȻϮҲǲܣֱӭȥе˲仮һµĹ켣ֱָ˼ദ㽫Ѳĵһ
ҲǳصģȻҵһͶǿ֣ȻҲһİա
ֻϸ³˲両ֳһ޴ԲԲȫڵγɣԲֵͬʱڲͣתεһ뵽ԲȦڣֱӾͲܿƵĿʼƫ롣
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Ȼһȣιȫȫעе֮ϣ˲Ľʵ廯ʵĽҲûа鸡ӣȫһʵĽ
νҪסеʵûԸڼŲ֮ʵ̫ǿɲܿƵƫԤڵλãͬ˵ļ׵Ķ˿
ڱܿιһɲǣƮֱӽεߣ˫ƽϵıƣͼη·˾һͻȻʼһζɫǵͨ졣
ǻڵʲô
ܵԽԽԿƵ壬βɵĴһ۾ɨǱߵ
˶һۣ΢ɲĵ˵ͷһչ̶żȥзֱ𷢳ǿĹЩһ˼Χͻյһɾ޴Ų֮ʼܿƵĴŲ
ֻǼ֮ͬʱŲ쾳ֵʹǼҲԵЩͷϲɵĺ飬ʱ˿̣˫ͻսͿһ֧Ųȥˡ
ãչޣͬʱԸˣһֲֻҪĹͿȲʤȯˣ
κεȵһ۾Ϳ˴ʱԼĵطȻĴˡ
δͬʱĶҲͻȻ΢һתȫΧȻصɴʱһ֪ԷѾץסı׶ˣǾ㣬ȻһԷκβһľǿɾϵˡ
Ժתͷ񲻶ϵĹ۲ܵǱߵͨΨһĳڣǱһֱţȻǲ׼ż˵أôҪӳ죬ҪԼˡ
˲ǰһ̾˾ʱ߸ʱ
ҪϵľǸʱ򣬾Ҳ߲ˣǾɽǾ۵ĵͷʱԷɳֽ׷٣ʹɽҲѶԷĸ١
뵽˴ȫȻ伱ٵתǸ޴ԲҲʼתͬʱһȻͻȻ֣ܽάεˣ̾;οʼ޷άȶĿʼһƫ
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һ֪׼Ҫ·ˣļ֮¶ʱˣֱӴ
û˵һصʾҲƴȫάΣǾ޴Ų֮ƫ
ǼǬŲƺͶתƣĹȻôöԸģϵľ޴ŲԽԽѳֲסΣʩΪҪѾΪһҲ˲ôˡ
ԲԽתԽ죬ƫתҲԽԽһ֮˰ΧȦӱ˺һӣ¶һ˿ϵ
һ⣬Ĵǵӳ˳ȥ͵֮ͨǰ
ΣҼǲŹǵģϷţ
ͷҲصķһЦһչû֮ͨڡ
˶ʱᣬ׷ȥȴѾͨڵļͻȻĵվͨڴصĿͨڣ·ʲôһ
Ȼ֪Եɣ˶ʱһϲæ˹ûͨǰԶͿӺͨڻ߳һӰһĹӰͳͨڣĸˡ
ĸ˶һĿͨڳˣΪһʶ鿴˶Էɫ֮Ǿ֪ճֵ˲κһˡ
ǾȵǣͨڳľȻǸˣԼҲͶʮҵӣȻû˿ϢɢȴɲκС˵ľٶ
Ĳ˵λ쾳ֻܲɽĶε߾ˡ
˭ô֪Ҿ۵Ĺıλڣ
̤ǰһĿǸͻȻֵʵ
û뵽Ǹȴûֱͣ˼ǰԶżһЦ
λǼǰ
ͻȻֵȻˣղһֱͨھĴĴȻˣʱĹͨͻȻһˣȻǸոͻΧļǼͻȻͨڻһ˴ڣ˵˳ȥ
Ǹʱ˵ǻû˵ڣ˾Ѿʧˣٶȿе㾪ȣֻʧһЦ
Ҳ⼧ΪϾղ汻ΧͻȻͨڻȻȻΪε˲µĺ֣ͨʮֵСȻǲﱻס诵Ŀռ䶼ûˡ
˶תƺǬŲ֮󣬼±ΧΪ书һʩչΧ֮ڶž޴Ų֮˲ܴһطյŲ֮Ӱ졣
ڶתƵŲƺǬŲƵŲ֮£ʵĹĹܱǹŲ֮ԼҪһĿռʩչ书
ͨˣȻǵһʱֹסȥƣ̵˳ͨǱܵķӦ
ʻûüɾ裬ʮ־ĿڵٶӿŲ֮ٶȳ֡
ʱľʵ뼧ףվ˼书ķΧ֮ڣ˴ƫתǹʱһЦ²΢΢һ䣬һ̵ǹŲƵ
Ȼڼûȫʩչ书ɵĵŲ֮ľٶüͷԾһ
ΪδȫʩչҲûȫʩչҶһɵӣҲζֵͬ书ĸʸߴųңһ˿µˣҲסȥ·ĻôΣˡ
ϷǼǣ
ĵ˵ͷ


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һЦҽһͻȻת˳˴ģʽûǼҽ֪ǰҵ֣

֣۾ͻȻһ󷢹⣬´һ֮еϲɫԽԽԣͻȻһЦ
ôˣ
ɻĿżһȻ׼ʱͻȻʲôʧķ裬ôһҵģ
ƺǸйأʶǸˣǶӡ𣿡
ҡҡͷһĿܾһĪΣգǾΣգȴֿ֮ˣĸоʮеģȻԼǴˡ
ûӡҿ϶ǵһμˣܾЩԾ
˵һգգĶƺϿʲôȥʼնһͺ￴һǿС
Сӣ˵㣬֪ڱϽ쾳û뵽Ȼۼ㣬ȻӢ۳꣡˲ã
Цһ֮󣬼ƽס͵΢΢Ʋͷһˣˣаסһˣ
ǰҾͰסǸΰɡ
һˣʱ΢΢һЦ
ãαסаնԸˣʱһԸΣȻͻᱻǷͷƣ
ͷһЦ˵жʱһ˿⡣
Ϊһһʮ֮ˣҪ˵ûһƢǲܵ飬ֻǸղʵƱˣֻ֮ѡ߶ѣһ˻ᣬǾԲŹ˵ġ
ʲôӱʮ겻һ˵ǣҪ֪ʲô
ǲֻʱδʱһӦҲ֮
ͻȻ֣֪ĻھѾˣټӦסΣʣµˣһ˾аնԸˣȻʱѡߡ
ʱת仯˼˶סͨڣ˶˶֮ڣҼһ书ǳڷأͨµε֮󣬸һ򵱹Īͷ
˼ͻȻӿֳɱжʱһ⣬ֻõϻͷʱɱһǹǾ˵Ѿ㹻İնԸˡ
㲻ȫɱˣǴƽֵҲеãղżһ·ӵӣԴǸͻȻֵˣ̬̱ˣȻΪǸ˵ԭô򵥵ĵףҲͲ۵Ĺˡ
λСֵܣ֪ôƺ
ͻȻȭһЦ
Ĺ̫ˣһкܳĸо
ȻһЦվ˼ߣʱ˿ɴŸ߷αװĤ˸Ͳϳ
СֵһͲһˣȻöԴһ˵ķʽȻǾ۵ĹǶЩǱĺ󱲻ǺύЯġ
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ΣȻΪ̫Цˣͻ֪ǲˣ
һЦԺ˳ɫʱ޷ԶԲٶֳԲڵŲ֮ûٲӰ죬ΪѾܿ˶ʩչ书չֳǿĿ
ѵλפͬ
һ⻰εɫʱ֪Խ쾳òͿάֵԽᣬⲢ˵һ˵ʵǿٿֳһ㣬ǾǶԷԸߵͣԽ쾳ˣο϶ȥ쾳иٶȻҲ
òʮ쾳ߣһ˶Сĵ̽һϾԷʱ䳤̣֪֪׵ˣ˭Ҳ֪
ǰһ꣬Ҳǰ⸱ӣκεı仯òǲ˥ϷֺΪ̫쾳òάʮ״̬
Ϊˣ˵ɫʱû뵽Է˾Ȼһ쾳ĸ֣ϢʮֵĳԾ
ƺû˵˭ͽ쾳ѵĸӶϹˣ
Σɻʵ
Ҳ֪һ˵Уƺûô쾳ˣѵǱǻҪһˣ
ҡҡͷȴһ΢Цӡ
ܣǻһˣӦѾҪӽ޵ʱˣʱŬ书˭ᵽܣҿղżǸģȻҲǲʶ˵ģ˵˲רΪ˾ȼѵǸղŴʲôЭ飿
Ŀ촽΢΢ش
еǸղһǴʲôЭ飬ǸԸԸǣ
ʱǰһæ͵
ôһ˵ζʱҲþˣԺ̼˼һ֮¶һ΢Ц
λѣܸղżʲôЭ飬ҶԳԷ˫ļ۸񣬲Ҫκε飬ֻҪ㲻ɡ
΢Ц˵
Ŷˣ
װһȤӣʵ
Ϊ۵ĹȻһԾŶѾܷģ˵
μҪظ
ղǴӦңֻҪɱˣͰѾ赵ķؼң𣿡
һЦݵʵ
ȻȻԣҾҪֺһݣһҲʲô¡
һϲû뵽Ȼ˵ν飬ҲҪٶһҲûʲôϵ
Ӧ̸ûκεĸûǴĻղƺҪǷģý赵ķ⴫ɣ
һϲΣֱһˮ
ȻĻһڣεɫ̾ͽӲһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôźá
û취ŵˣôһǰɣǸɵ֮赵ķؼȻҵˣ
䣬ͻȻһɳƣͼվһ𣬾ȻзͥƣɼƵͳ̶֮ǿ̾ɫ䡣
ѾĴ㣬û뵽ĻǺͼһĸ֣ǿǹƾͲǺǵĽɫ
һ϶û¼ڻ˸ͼͬһĸ֣ѹ̴ּ뿪ͷתʼԸˣԭһôİ֡
ѱ嶯ҿԱ֤ھ͸赵ķؼ
ҪֵʱͻȻ


732 ķ
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ҪǰζʱͣɵĿʵ
Ȼ֪ʲôҲ֪ķؼôǼȻ˵˾ƾ赳ɹͨôǶûʲôãοһҲǿԵġ
ھ͸ֻҪģУ
ο϶ĵ˵ͷ̴ӻͳżžķؼֽš
ãҿģԲ
̵˵ͷģΥԣɢ
˸ɴķԣľٶζʱЩǲǴͨҪƭȡеľķؼô룬ҲҶ˵ϾưһͲǺǵ
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ûʲôʱһӴʱȫת͵ָצһʵ֮ʱġ
Ȼ˸ɴĴӦˣȻҲַڵСоӺˣ
εϣ̽еֽעһֽţʱһ˹ȥ
һֽ̣̽ô򿪿
˵һһûκεҲûпߵһۣƺŲһֻĿΡ
֣ǶԲסˣΪҲҪ
οżһЦ
赣Ȼǰû˵ķؼķǷǳģͻͨƿȷŰ
ϸĿһǾ赵ķؼĵ˵ͷֽ۵Ƶıܺá
ķؼʵԾûκ⣬ҵ۵ȱǿžһͻͨƿɹĽ뵽ͨľ֮УΪ˵ʱк䶯һʱ¼ʹ˽죬˼ǵһĻֻǲ֪ŵȱǿžͻƵĶѡ
΢΢һЦ˱ȭȻķؼѾѣ֪Ƿи㣬Ҫ˶֮ǰˡ
˵ͬʱλһۼ˼Ȼײˣõ˺ô͸Ͻ߿ǻ׼Ըվﰭ¡

˹˵ȴ˸һ㣬վڼԱһ
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εɫʱ۾΢΢һУЩŭĿʵ
ȻĶҲģȻǲٰˣҲû˵ԸǰԸһᣬ۵ĹмＸǲôξ赣֪ûһ㶫
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ҡҡͷֵǸŵɫԽԽ𽥵ı˵Ļɫ͸¶һɹĲ
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ͬҲǽ֣ұֻǿڽһ;ϵ裬θǺûа취⣬ȻΪڹԵʣܶལİ嶼޷ʩչǾͬһ֮УҲ˿εĽ
ԸεʱûʩչΪ񽣵ı־̫ǿңһʹó׾ͻᱻ˲³ݣټôᣬױ˲³ϸ
ǰʱȥɢޣ˱ڤ񹦣һζԸΣԾεֵˣʼĥ˱ڤеİء
ڤȻֻһڹķ쾳ˣȻʲô书ᣬһ书ڱڤ񹦵ӳ£ʮֵǿ󣬸˵ʶô书ûʹóҲΩΩФ
ڤ񹦾ģ·书ϢĹܣУǱӵ˼£ٺνֵĹУʩչͳ书ƣľ޴ӡһʱֻǱӦеĴζ
Ȼûʹó书һͨ߰书ʩչƫƫˮһ˳ƣӦβƵһѪֱ
ʲô·书߰ʽϣصУһִ·Щһ书ֻ书ڲͬʽѣҪЩʽϵãҪôΪˡ
һˣͬʱͨ˶书ֱǲ˼һ飬쾳֣Ҳ˵Ķʱȥô书̰ã书̫ûκεĺôֻƽʱʱһҪȥǾɵˡ
ƫƫʹ֪ÿһ书ʩչõģֻǽĸоȫһζʱֿʼĪǰķʽǴĲɣ
߱ȵƣӦʱǱҲѹˣȱεǣƣ˸޷ԿŲֻάȶѾȫľȥˡ
Ƿһ㾫ȥĻ˲ŲǵΣȻβȶʱǣǸʱôд֪ȻȥֻԱѡ
ϣεϣϣܹİƽȻ뵽ԸĶУһ𽫼׵Ͽ塣
˿κֵ֮ʱжʱһ󰵰Ľп࣬ǼȫϣΣȻҲ׵ѹˣڸǱмܣҪָ붼Ҫ顣
Ժͷһתۼʱùģ׼߳ˣֻνİֶѣβҪԸǲֵģܵĻӦתȥԸβǡ
ս֮У͵͵һ񣬰Ե˵ͷǿʼʶĽսȦֿսȦԶһ㣬ܵʱ򣬼ͻԥŵ׸öԸ˭ˡ
ǰȻǶԸεĸʸ
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733 ڤ
һֱȫѹƵΣǱ֧ҵʱͻȻһǿ벻֮µζʱŲһģеһ¡
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ղһıǱڤ񹦵ĹЧȻڤ񹦲ǬŲֱŲ壬ǱǿԣҲܱǿͬҲЧֻûǬŲԶѡ
书Եһ½ڤɵԷӵǡôֵʱ򣬾ȥδһɲǣ˲䲪ǿֱ벻ĹЧεļֱɢˡ
ҲǰֵʵЩˣŲͻȻӦУһӱǣɢ˿
΢һת̻ʮӰǰҲͣı任λһʱ˸徿η
һңҪ֪ȷķλ֮ʱͻȻǰ˫һƬӰɣգۼͽеȥǰҲÿŴ򿪣һƣֱӰؿڴ
һȴûֱɱΣһ£̫ԵķʽֱؿڴļͷָεĴѨС
һưεĸڵĵɫһ߶һǿʱƴ˳һʼҪʲôȵֵڵڷй֮ʱʱɫ
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һĵȻôĿΣеȴԽԽڵҲŵԽԽ죬˶Եȥһзʱ䲻ǰ㶼ʱ䡣
ÿֵʱζʱĵ˵ϣʧȥֱ۵֧ţѾվûˣȻ֮ʧȥȫټϸղܵˣûֱӻȥѾ˵εʺǿˣϾҲһ쾳ĸ֡
һ̣Ǽ񶼱þֻǼľ֮һ˿ϲɫ书ԽǿԼ˵Խãһ쾳ߣδĳɾͼֱǲ
ĵڵϵΣûɱֻǵȻƳһ֮תͷһڼ֧ŵ
˹жʱޱȣֵֿ̬ʱƣҪ¶Է·ûЯֺ֮󣬹ƾһ˵޷ֵǾ˵Ų֮
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һ߶˶ʱܿƵһһİ˵λãʼ߶ڤ񹦴˶Էڵ
ڤ񹦽ӴκһλöȡԷڵ֮ѡλãҪΪ˸ӿٵļȡʡȥ˾ЩӵֶΣֱӴӶԷĵﴦǿȡӵĸЧͿݡ
һңڵյһɶŽӵһԣǰεһ
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ԼļʶȻһʼ֪ʲôǸղŽʶ˶ľٶﻹ²һôȻһ㶼쳣
Ҫ֪쾳ĸ֣ǵΪиеͣ쾳ֵ߶һʮֵۺһ˵˵Ӧñ˲Ŷԣôһû˵ģ
ǰģûʲô󰭣ʱҸʱһ¾ûˡ
ҡͷһЦתͷƽ˵ڰǰ·
ʲô·
νؿڣ˿־壬Ȼһȫߣֱһĸо
һ·ģй¶췢飬ǿ˵߻ħµɢڶ·ͺܼˣ
΢΢һЦ˵ȻûκεƷȴ˲Ĵ˸
ʧȥȫѾŻʲô˼һ֮
ݺݵ˵Ķ
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һѹ˵ͷȻǶô룬Ҳͺףֱһ·ˣȪ·и飬Ҳįˡ
һ̤ǰգۼѾǰͷ·һֱվһûƶ˾˵ṦŵļҲɵ۽΢΢һ顣
Ĳ֮󣬼ΪʲôԵֵŲ֮ˣԭܵŲ֮Ӱ֮ʱ̾ͨٵƶϵĻ⿪ǼӳϵŲֻ֮ⲽʮָһ˸ˡ

һָԴϣ׼һֱӽʱһԵͻȻˡ
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һо۵ڶҪ̵ҵûоȣҲ
δŴ˵۾һĶҿԷľԽκһˣֻҪһ·
ųźʲô𣡡
һԱӵĵһΡ
ȻڵˣǲûлĸֻҪɻܻľʹӴ˱һˣ˵Ǽ٣ڿ֤һ
ˣƽ˵
ģ
һ⻰һӦ˹ĬĬĴһ̾͸Ӧ˸յɿԴ뵽ֱ׵ķϳˣ
ûֱӷǣǼҲǾУŻħ̵ļ⣬ӣôŹȻǲܵģҽ˽ϳˣǲûжĸֻһѵ´εĻҾͲô˵ˡ
ǰɫӵˣ˵
լʺǱضһǼȻСѾһҲͲ˵ʲôˣֻҪģ֮¾⴫뿪ԼȥӦ
ߵߣӸµĿ˵ͬʱĿߵһۡ
ԽԽ⣬书ǿ˵ǿԿ»Ʒ¶֮ѡʵѵã


734 ħӰ
ۿ֮ͼٹˣܿʹͨ뿪ˣﲢʺϾĵط˭Ҳ֪ħ̵ļϸ᲻ڸʱ׽
Ҫȡ˴ҪһطЩٲҲҪһңڵѹЩҪѾ޴ľʵȥңʵΪ˵̫޴
ȻǶڵ˵Ϊһ̨֮󣬾ͲˣԽǿ󣬾ͿѹƸڤ񹦵ĿҲ˶
Ǹˣʲô
ͼߺοɬ̾˿ĿѾָĹıڡ
ο˸ĸͷΣɵĺ£
һۣеԹԲˡ
˭Ե޹ʵʧȥ˿޽Ҳõȥģοǰ˵ʱ飬Լ߻ħɢҪӵѻ𣬵ǱҲͼҲ˵ʲôֻԹһˡ
ҵĲԣ۶λˣǾ赵ķؼһͷһһݣʧȥȫƶ˵ǻһᣬλгҵĻҾһĻȫҲиϡ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣһжѾ˵棬ʵԵĲ
ߣҲֻˣǾôȥ϶ͷûκε⡣
˵ͷǹ¼ҹһȻҪ;۰һ𣬱ó
ҾͲˣȻʵȲϾۣǱӻһǿԵģֻϣܹһ˰ͻңȫִˡ
ҡҡͷңȻʵûǰôԻˣҲһ壬ֹ¼ҹ˿϶õö࣬ٲּµĸо
ҲУģһ˽㰲ȫͻңʲôġ
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û뵽ξȻ·ɱҧ𣬶书ߵû߲˵Ȼ˵Ĺ䣬ձڵֱδš
ĿǰĹıڣ뵽˾ǰĻԻͣεﲻɵһ˿û뵽Ȼ䵽³
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࿴һۣЦҡҡͷδʯóһӣʯ֮Ⱥ˳ʯСĻȥʱѾҪ𣬶ѾֳһĨǰס
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쾳ߣھȻ޸֮ķˣеĲ֮ݣɼ˵ĵù̶Ҳǲһ㡣
ôܣܻ书ŶԣǽĲ֮أѧӦòָ֮ôһ
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һԵ˵ǰֵӰҲǾ裬εĻͿˣ˾ħˣû˷֮һħ̵ĸ֣³Ǻ˵ġ
һˣʮꣿ
ǵӰʱɻѵܰ书Ӧǽʮƺ񽣲Ŷԣôܻ书
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οźӰԺӰеǸǺ棬Ͼ˭ж֪Ҫ֪ˣЦ
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735 ֮
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ĿһзκʱͷһȴκηӦΪǵѾȫɢȥʱ˵ǾȱˣԱһܵ顣
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ٺ٣֪ۻһλ쾳Σ֪ˣɱ㣬޻ʱȻͼĵףֻ֮ˡ
ӰһЦƲͷһˣңҿĿˣһ쾳ǿɾû쾳ĸˣҪԸҸ룬ֻܺ;۰һˣ㿴һת۵Ĺ򣬾͸Ǿɽһʵļ塣
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ֱʱֵʱ򣬲һӰ˳ϿԶԶ˹ȵǰһ֮ǰǸľˣ֮ϣһֱڲ˹
һѹȻ͸ϽıǱȥΪʱȻǳŹıģҲ֪εż֮£·Щġ
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ӵʱ䣬ɽͻȻһХХȻ󣬵Ǽߴ͸ǰɽĵӶˣԪ˽չصı־
һ֮һӰɿĴӺɽƮɶٶƻʵ죬ղſԶĵطһգ۵ĹѾǰ
ԪˣغС®ľ˫ϥһͨһ˵ϣסԪ˿ͷ

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ľôˣ˵ʦҪ㣬ʦҲ˵ġ
Ԫһ֣һ͵̽ľƾ𣬹һֹ򣬲쾳˶
֮Ĺܶ˶Է͵ȴҪӾϸĿУһֳһ˵Ĺ̶ȡ
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ļ̌ͷľ˵һٵˣǿ޵ӣʵεĴ̫ˡ
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Ԫ˴ӳֵڣһֱһɷǵ󣬵ľһ仰ȴʧɫһץסľļȫŵɫ
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εľģô᲻ģľദʮ꣬ദѾ˰꣬һʼۿʼ˾ͬʦֵܣЩ֣۱˾ɽһ
˵нĵλ˵ĹϵǷֲģͻȻ֪εԪܹܡ
ʦڲ®Ѿˡ
ľŴ˲®ţԪȴǾþò
˵ĽǿţȴҪĺһ


736 ޻
վڲ®ſڣԪ˾ôĿǼ򵥵İ裬Ȼû߽ȥϡ͸濴ľŵһ˵İӡ
ܿʹ¶һǵǵۣԪҲ֪ڴϵʦҲǾεĹ
ʦ֣һΪ⣡Բԣ
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СӾôϵظһ׽ոһգ긴һ꣬ʱ仺ţҲ𽥵ĳˡ
ɼҡҵһһľһյ˽ʱգһΪ۵Ĺһеһ֣˵Э֮£ڳɽһɣΧеظ׳ƣȻԸˣ
˫𽥵ģˮ֪ۿĿһоͷ·ͷ졣
ڣദ˰ʦܾôˣûκԤ׵ľô뿪˾ۣ˵ӣΨһӡ
˿Ԫ˾վ˺һڹ󻺻߽˲®ֱǾڴϵʦܡ
ʦܣ˭˭ɱ㣿
ľϣԪ˿˫۽յΣ߲Ƶ˲ϣһɫָӡһ̷εľѾ׵Ķˡ
ɫָӡԪ˵Ժ̸ֳαŲֱӣжʱһ˿ŭյļ̽ȻѾҧء
˭˭ɱ㣡۶㾡ȫݣսһˣҾҲûκԹԣ
Ļӵĺ磬Ԫ˵Ŀһһֵı˳
ʱ˵߱εָסˣŷεһֱţƺʲôһ
ֻ֣һȱʧ˰صľƳˣһֱŲŵĶľƣľƶһ룬ŵһҲʣһ㣬Ǻʮֵױϣֻʣһ룬ҲԱʲô֡

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Ⱥľˣ˲®ڵĽˣһԪˣæͷӦһ
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ľӦһ֪һһʮ˵˳ǺҼ飬ҲԪˡ
ô˵Ļһȥ˹ıڣʦܣмҵļһ֪ˣǸҲ쾳ĸ֣
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ǵģʦ壬ǸȻûж֣ǴϵƣĪṦҿԿ϶ǸҲ쾳֮һǲ֪ǲݸװ
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ΨûзּǸ˵ټ̷Ըȥȫ׷鼧Ǹ˵䣬ǲǻţţںδҪϸ֪еھȥ죬Ҫȥһ˹ıڿ
Ԫվ󷢲һľæͷӦǣ̧ͷʱ򣬲ŷǰԪѾʧȥټֻʣ˾ڴϵΡ
ĿһΣľ˳һŵų˲®˷ţžͳǰɽɿĸ˹ȥ
ԪˣͿٵĳıڵλø˹ȥղľѾʬĵطҪȥһô¡
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Сھ۳󣬼˵ڵһӣ۵ʵû˱Ԫ˸ˣǵʵûеͬʱɱλ쾳ֵĳ̶ȣԶ飬Ԫ˻ҪúõĲ̽һȻƶϸļƻ¡
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ͬʦܣܶ෽Ԫ˲ԸεϣǶɾûô˼ˣֻҪܲ࣬κηһԵġ
һ㻨Ԫ˰Сʱʱ䣬ǼĽȴɻѡ
ΪԪѾں޻֮ʱɱģҲѾǿտҲԪ˻ôãɻǵһ˵
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ǰʬԪüͷɻǰļЩƣôҲ벻ôһ¡
εʵԾ赸һܸߵľ磬Ӧòڲʱ߻ħǴϵļκ˺񣬼Կ϶ҲǵͿտҲ
ҪεĲӽɱҪʵɲǸ߳һѣΪһλ쾳ĸ֣Ϊ˱סϣҲԲᱻסԼĲӣԱҲԲ鷢
һ֮ûʲôԪתſһɽڣһʯͷһߣʯͷ̿ٵɽĳһĵط
һײɽ¶һͨǽıڵͨ
һݣԪ˺ľ͵Ǵͨڣ׼ߵʱ򣬽²һ٣ֵ˻ͨڣ̧ͷɽһݿӣǸݿﻹһָӡǡ
ĸһǸݿӣԪ˷ݿӵıԵʮֵĹ⻬ڲָӡָƶ
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Ŀ˵һ䣬ԪĿһǴɽڣ߽ͨ


737 
ھɽһУͼ֪飬ǵѾ뿪˾ɽҹϵҾƵ꿪һ׷ֱʼϢ
ʱһȻֲܣڵľҲˣͬʱԸͬĶ֣ѹǱȽϴġ
һȫڵѾǵһˣҲᳵ·ˣȵһʱҪ̵öࡣ
쾳ȫҲһһҹʱ䣬ſϡ
ֱϣŴӷѾ˿ɫӦѾȫָˡ
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Ѿȫָˡ
ҲǵͷһЦߵɳ
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ֱڣл֮ǰʱһֱȽϸϣûʲôʱúõ죬Сôֱƽʱѵʱ򣬿ɲ߱ȥ
ͨ˱ŵһϵȷ˼ǰ٣õϢʱһڳɼңɼںΣգܹܳʤѾħ̵˲߷ˣڼƻŵ߸ɼңȻճɼҵĴȨĸײ֪ȥݷóɼҵʱѾʤˡ
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ҡҡͷôҪ̸ϻؼôҲΪһôǿĹˡ
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ƻ˵һɼң˵ɼҵ˿϶ҪӴģЩȨҲ֣ʱҽЩ֤һƾʤεɣҲвȷ֤ݣʣµǳɼԼˣҪŻô죬Ƕܲˡ
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ΪԷһ컹СһݷóɼңɼҵЩ߲㣬Ҳ֪м˼ħ֮УǸʤһ֮ѣʱһʲô⣬ҪСֵϣ³ɼҵЩֲŸаա
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ƻ۵Ĳ֮ͳ˱Ľҩż˺ͼıһΣ˶ʱһ飬ֱüͷ
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ҩЧʮѸٵģ⿪˱Ķ֮󣬲ʮӵʱ䣬ڵͿʼָҪȫĻָҪϢСʱϣھҲʱ䣬˾ֱӴϢȥˡ
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һСʱ֮󣬼˲װ˵ӣͬ˳ʤ飬Ӧһ֡


738 ԰ݷ
һϵʱ䣬ʤںͼеõռɼҺͼҵǮƺȨ
һԲŲʣôŴڵϸӦĻʤһȰ˵˼ħ̣ںЩСϸڡ
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ĪͻԸ˽ҩ͹ʱֻȥ˼ңһҪϵµֻȥ֮ǱһҪӿһȣɼҿǿҪɹһˡ
ʤһЦļ˵ļ˵¶һ˿ɫ
Ŷ־ȻѸ٣ĪѾв߷һЩԪϣ
˼װʮֺʵһ¾飬ȥҲЧһ¡
ʲô飬ŵ˺ܶĺôѣ˼ĴȨЩ˵ȥһ仰飬ȻҲɳԶϱ۰飬ɼҵʵҪǣҲǽʥ̵õķչҳɼѡ
ʤ˰֣ȻװһΪӣǵȴǸزˣ˵Ͳء
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֪ĵɼҸ߲㶼ˣҪ֪Ǽҵ棬һγɼҵΣ֮Уǳ˴쾳ĸֲԶǧԮɼܲܶɹһٻǼ˵顣
һӵʱ䣬ɼںƺƵһȺˣнʮˣ֮۷־λϵϢǳǿԶԶľͿԸеǹǿѹ֮
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ҪļԽǽԽԽ쾳ҿϢѾǿһ㣬úǱ쾳İջǺܴġ
ϸĹ۲һԶ⣬ƽ˵
ҲǸоѾ쾳żһοһֱҲǰ̫ˣỹǰָһɻ󻹴⿪
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ⶼС£Ǿ֮Ͱˣɼܳһλ쾳֣ǼҲһǿİ֣֮Ҳһݱϡ
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֪ԸæԶжʱϲһ쾳ĸָ㣬ɱԼһĺöˡ
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ȻħⱣŬͬʱҲҪСģħ̲ĽɼңϾ̫󣬵δؾͲڰ͸ɼңڲʼʴǵˡ
ͻȻ˵
ǰԣĪʲôϢ
Զüͷ΢΢һżɻʵ


739 ¶Σ
ΪɼʵǿһˣԶнĳɾ;żȻǳ˼άҲ൱ĴӱӼֻƬУѾһߡ
ڼͳԶ˵֮ʱһעߣ΢΢ʹһ˿⣬źۼ뿪˻ӺȻ뿪ˡ
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˵ͷȺ̧ȥûпʤӰʱתͷԳԶ˵
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ԶüͷһȻ֪ҪʲôСȻǲ⣬̾ͷԸȥгʤϾ꼧Ҿ˳ɼң˵ԵˣʤӦݼһ
߼˵ʱ򣬸ղλӻ뿪Ѿٵĸϵ˲Զһûžֱ˽ȥڵĳʤںȲ裬Ȼ俪ʱõ̧ͷߵӰɫ
үүʲôôżæ
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ûй¶һֱСĵĲڳɼ֪µĶǵĸǾԲᱳǵġ
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ڼ֮ǰ˴ŮǳɼͣҾͳûǣһʼɿڣŸոɿڣѾӦҺˣѾ˸͵ʱ죬Ǿһٶ³ɼҵĿȨ
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Ҫǽҵ˾ͺˣҾͲôˣղǼҵļˣ
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ҲãôɣҪ鵽һǾ뿪ɼҡ
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뿪ĳɾ壬ʤһ˿˵绰ͨһ룬ٵ˵仰֮͹Ҷ˵绰ڳɾȥˡ
ڣɾϢĴӺֽˣڻڶ࣬Ҳûɾʧˣżڵ졣
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˳ɼҵĴܹܣȻæˣɼµĴСС飬Ҫְɣ
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ǰ˵ǣڳɼ鶼ҪȥʱʵЩţʱ䶼ûУһֱæŴּ񡣡
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ǰģһ߾裬ԲħһĿɳ֮
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740 
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ȻھĴ壬ҪȽʵĻҵʵʵѾѷɫĴˣԾ÷ҡżҡϹټҡңԴҵ̬ҲǺһּȲҲѹ̬ȡ
˼ҲǽֻҪб£ܿھƬطһԣǲŲʣƬطô󣬼ô࣬Դ޵ģҪռһ̣Ҳô׵һ顣
ʵǿҲӹɵʵǱ߼ȻѾãʱûʲô÷չԾ͸ı˲ԣֱӶԻĵʼ֣һĿǺ
һν˺ᣬʮֿࡢһپʮ֣ͬǻԵúдԣ֮¶͸¶һɸҵϢ

ڼԱߵǸĽ֮ˣ΢΢һ㶣ΪʶھһεĽ
ͽҲǴһνǴҲֻǾͼһνѣû뵽ξȻڳɼҶܼ֮仹еϵģȻϡ
ĳ֣֪ΪʲôһԤУν²ô򵥡
ΣҾ͹һˣ
Զ⿴һ۽üͷ΢΢ȻЩ⣬ϾŰݷһҪ飬ҾȻɳһëͷСӣȻǶԳɼЩء
뵽һԵļͬãȴǷصĵãȽϸóԶв
ǰȷˣݷóɼңȫȨ˽Ҷ
ȻʵȲЩˣǵɫ͵ȴһ㶼ʹǳԶһˬӣҲûʲôηɫȻ˹˵Ķ
ٺ٣ôĿȫȨң𣿡
ԶͳһЦϵȻ䲪ֱѹ˽ϡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬΢һ͵˹ڵתȻӲųԶվԭλֳ൱书ӣȻɱ΢ЦȴѾûиտʼôǫˣ¶һŲζ
һңڽһӵģλǶҵ棬ǰǳ쾳֣ɽҲҳɼ͡
ԶͻȻջƣɫ˲ת䣬һЦݵ˵źۼĽһߵļ
˼ԣΪԳɼҵʵҵ涼ŰݷãںǺʱҪռ̫ı˿϶ǲܵģǳɼҵʵҲ鷢
ԭǼǰհǰѾãû뵽쾹ȻҿԼǰ̫ˣ
һȻͿǱߵ߲ƽϵƺڵ쾳ԼЩȴֿҪϸĸӦһȴ߾ͷ·һֵڱ׾Ť˵ĸ֪
Զһܣ֪ȻǼҵļжʱ˹ҵļҴѧתƵĴ𽭺꣬ȻǺģôĻߵĹҲ˶תɵġ
ֲлζΪҲܲΪѾǺѵˣ꣬Ǹӡ
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ǰ֪Ȼ󣬲ļҲڶ࣬ټĴڸûʲôչأǽҲ׼Χչһ㣬ȻѰҸõĻռĵ̣ȻⷢչȻṩļ塣
ЦʹԳԶĸ֣Ҳ̸Ц磬û˿ŵɫ
Ͼҿ쾳ģԶ⼴ʹ쾳ֱϻǷȱһЩʵпܱȼս쾳ߣǾԲֽܾ߱쾳֮žеʡ
㷢չܱߵļ壬ֻһЩ壿
Զ˵ͷȻԱߣû˿ܻ˼Ͼ꼧ҶԳɼдɼн죬ҹûԶԴǶԴɼҵһ㣬ûκεķ֮⡣
ʵǿļ嵱ȻǺʵȽļ壬ҲǵģҪҽҵ£ҲÿԸԸ⣬һ壬ǶԸյá
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ǰͲõˣȻҶˣɼҵķҽҵУõ˵𣿡
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ΪɼҵĴܹڣЩһֱɳʤ
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ұڱչ书ѾһƿѾоͻƵһֱڱչأûʲôش飬ҲúȡǳɼҲһ쾳֡
ԶЦŽ͵
ԭˣǵȻҪ
һ˿ɻ󣬲û˲ֻǵ˵ͷûж˵ʲô
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һֱôڷܣڵҲٹʣһֱڸ˵ҵǰ峤鶼ˡ
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־ǱߵĻԷϢŮҲһˣղѾȥ֪ͨˣӦúܿ͹ˡ
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ԭһΪͻȥˣȻôҵȴûпǡ
ζһЦųʤ˵ͷ
Ȼʤûʲô쳣һеĳɾȴ̬Ⱥеǲ׵ʲô֤ݵͳʤɾΣˡ
ǳɼҵĴӪؼǽ컹м


741 Ҵ
ڼ˵֮ûõĹ򣬼˺ͼһ˽Ͽ˿쳣ͷ·ڳɼһ㡣
˼ϯ˹İݼ֮󣬾Ͱվ˼
Ǽҵļһλ츳ǳɫߣڵʵ²̫࣬Ǽǰб谮Ĳˡ
ʤ֪Щʲô۾΢΢һתͻȻŽЦ
ʵӼ߽ʱ򣬽עѾе˼ϣ֮˵УŮԵԣҺôһֶƱʣûкúõ
츳мѣгɵŮ棬һֳಢǷǳõãЩ˵ͨͨʺܺáòҲ˳ڵŮޣǷǳܵԻӭģǸҵĹӸĶ
ΪԵʣӾͺ䣬ӴҲ٣ټϺٳͷ¶棬ºܶ˶֪ôһĺӵܡ
ڼȻˣȻעȻһֱԼϲ÷÷÷÷ô궼ûκȷıʾһǿй¦˭ʤ˭δ֪֮
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ǽԾĽҡ
΢΢һЦźͼ˸к
ķӦЩʧˣֻǵתͷһۣ˵ͷ־վ˼󣬱ǰǸһԲӡ

ЩεһЦ̬ȵȷЩ²̨ھܹ÷÷Ȼûȷıʾϲ˭ǶҲһֱ΢Цûвǵʱ
ǺǣҪЩ䣬Ӵһʱͺˣڿǲϰߺİ˵
ʤæԲżЦ˵ǰھҲһǳǿļ壬ʵȫĴ֮£ͽҽ˶ҲǺкôģħⱣŽһµĻԱҲǸӵһ㡣
˵ĵǲʰĻߡֻҪ㹻Žᣬȷǲħ̵Ҽȴǰ⵽С˵İ㡣
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Զʱ󾪣۴ʵǺģȻԲһǾԱɼ֮ҪǳұһǼ۴Ķ֡
粻֪ڵˣΪ۴Ǽҵĵһ֣֪۴书жˡ
һθȥμӱˣӹһ٣ǲΪãΪ뿪½ҵʱͺʹ󲿶ӷֿˣֱǰһͣԲűܹһ١
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䣬ҵ۾ˢˢĿվڼļ˺ͼˡ
ܣôܻй¶󲿶нϢ
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ȻûгʱĽӴǳɼѵʱ򣬼Ҳǳ˺ܴģʤǼ˾ȻģһŵѪˣǲֱѼġ
ȷй¶ģҲΪǵԵʣΪǰϢ˲øߵˣԲŵ˼Ҵ󲿶ȫû۴⵽˱˵Ķ֣ûܻصҡ
˵пʼһ˿ŭ
λõĳɾʱһ£ʱһ⣬Ǵ֮ͥ£ֲ֪ͨʤȻԴĸڶ࣬гԶ⣬мĸʵ̫׵ðգֻиż
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ԶȻվ𣬷ŭ֮һӣߵĿż˵
Ϣй¶ȥģ˹⴫ȥģԶ⣬ˣǳɼҵˣΣ
ͻȻתͷųԶʵһƽ֮ɫ
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ð֮󣬳ʤ̧ͷƽĿżʵ
ĶȷǸµˣʧܾʧ̫ΣΪ˶һżǿĹģҪƿһУȻ뵽߷һУ˴켧Һһħ̣
Ȼƽ˶ƽ̲صһ˿ŭ
е˶о˼һصͷ·һ޴һ㣬пȥ߶յŤü˿Щá
ħ̣ǰһ˵ЦɣôҿΪɼ˺ͣԼҲǳɼҵĴܹܣôܼħأ
ʤ̯˫֣Цʼ
һߵĳɾ嵹ɫ΢΢һ䣬жʱ̾һĵȻбȻôֱָʤһҧѾħ̣϶յʲôȷ֤ݡ
ǲƺĲײĲᣬǼҺͳɼ˽ãھһƱ㣡
һӿڴͳһֻԶΪװףҾ͸㿴֤ݣ
վһԵĳԶ⣬˿һɫļֿ˿ɫ쳣ƽĳʤӹ˼еǲֻߵ˳ʤǰ
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ֻ˳ʤǰԶһĺ˪ȫʹļ׵ɫ
ɼ˭ԭ£ʤԭ£ΪʤǼ֮ȣûбҲܶ𱨣Ȼ˼ôˣü۴Щֱǲˡ
ϣǲģһ֪ˣ
ĳʤһƽĿųԶ˵


742 ɽ˫
ǰһƽĳʤԶ⻺ĵ˵ͷֻ˻
ͷֻϲһһƵļʱ¼ƵļʼطʤвˣüˣԼɱ۴ƬΣʹ˼ħ̵¼
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˿ųʤ۹ҲˣҺͳɼҵĹϵһ˼֪ΪɼҾǱȣûнĳɼˣʤΪֱгɼҵ˶̧ͷԺʲôȥҵˣ
ˣҶ˵ʲôҲûǸҪˣǶΪҼħΪһ˽˵Ϊ˼Ҳ
վʤվڼļһۣûʲôԹ޵˼Ҳ֪ͼ˿϶Ѳ˸ϵڳĳ˼⣬Ҳܹõ̸ݡ
ʱ㻹Ʊ𣿣
Զһ΢һֱӽֻķ顣
ҲڽƱ磬µȷãҵĶɶô򵥣ɼҵ壬һжΪ棬һҲãҲգˣҲڶ˵ʲôˣҪɱҪУƾǴá
ҡҡͷʤ˵۾ܿһȦɾʱ΢ɲĶһ£ȷǳСʱڳ˶ͻȻϢˣûע⵽΢СĶ
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ԶסĵķŭȻʱ޲һƱ˳ʤǳɼҵĺ󲿷ֶڴˣҪչذ£ймҹ棬ûйأɷԲ
ʤûж˵ʲôֻǾվƺѾȫ˵ֿһ˴õӡ
Ȼ˦һӣԶ͵תͷȥٿʤһۣѾͽԶĸϳ˳ɼҡ
ڳԶתһɲǣһֱͷĳɾͻȻһ˿Ĺâ΢ɲһڣŵöϸţëİѾʧӰ١
ͬһʱ䣬һֱû˵ļͻȻ̽𣬿дһңңֶ˳Զ⣬һǿ֮Ť˳Զȫ
ͻıʣóԶһʱҲЩȻûӳʤܹܱѳɼҵĴлָͻȻ֣һʱЩɵһʱת
Ӽϸо˿ɱ⣬ҲûмܵķӦЩ书߾ˣ˵Ѿ쾳ĸ֣֮ĸ֣ҲԶǿıܣһΣ٣̾ͿӦ
ܵķӦȴԵķӦҪĿö࣬Ҫκεʱ䣬ɲ֮ͿӦͻ
ѧϣľܹ֮֮˺٣ֻЩ츳ʮֳˣпܽ־磬ﵽʤеĵز֮ˣҪ̿ĶϵʵС
߼̽˳Զȫ̾ͲһϸëİʱѾԶⲻһָľ룬ɼķٶ֮졣

ĿĶһĳɾ壬ԸֻȾ˳Զ˵
ڵȻ䲪Ũӿ˳Զ̱øǿ˲Ϣֱ֮ӽԶĿˣһϸëİȻҲС
ȻɾʵҲ֮ĸҲˣʵ𼧾ȻǲеԶһѾעȫڼȫ֮£Ȼ޷ͻ˺Զ⡣
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ȥÿ죬ĸ죬ǸյſڵĹ򣬾ͱһĺӰһƴǰȻӦٶȺܿ죬ͬƺ˶һƣǵвǿֱӵɽ˻ҵһƬˡ
ֱʱ򣬳ԶŻعżȥ֮һϸţëİɫʱķ·Ҫˮ
룡
ҧгݵ³˼֣ԶתͷĶվŵǵӰӰıǳɾͳԶˣһɼˣȻҶʹù룡Ϸ򵱳ǣҲ˵֣
ٺ٣ҪɱǵˣɵÿԸԸ⣬ɱɱġ
ſڵǵӰһѾֱӵ˻ڣվڳԶǰԶ
һˣܿЩɫһƬҰ֮ɫ촽ȴʺΣǳĹ죬ҲǺݣȻƤͷݣҲֲȥ
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һ֣ѾԿǰ书Ҳǽ쾳ĸ֣Ծ˱ӻ˳ɼҵͽԶҲû̶ֵԭڡ
ʲô·쾳֣ǿǵģһɱԷôͻǺһ顣
ٺ٣벻չصľһ㣬ȻѾûʶˣ
һ̣¶һĨɭɭ΢Ц
ʱһӰҲ˳ɾͳʤߣ˺͸ղŵ˿࣬һĲҰ֮ɫǰҪһ㣬촽ǹɫӶ͸һĨصɫ
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ԱһֱŵĽͻȻ¶ɫվͻȻֵ˽еǰ׹Ԫͬμɽ
ǿЦɼҵϼһﶼϲˣȻһëͷСϳˣСӣүү²ɱ֮
׹ԪͬͻȻһЦವĶס˽
Ȼ죬ԪͬҲ̲סЩ
֮ǰԳԶ֮ôеΪнܣԶȻͽҽ֪һ󣬽ĵҲˣẦ³Զô
ǰİ׹ԪͬͲһˣħҲĶˣμɽ˲ưɽ˫ΪڽڵİɽѾ˳׵İռˣǸóȻˣȫڷ


743 
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ԳԶⶼû˿ηĽԪͬȴǺµĺһײӶŲ˿еļȺ£嶼޷Ƶˡ
Сӣʲô֣ѵ֪ǰʻҪش𣿣
µĺһԪͬǹһ˿Ц²΢΢һתֱ濴˽
һ½ŷ֣ԭԪͬӺͳ˴ͬ۰ռݵıǳ֮󣬵úСǳĹ죬ֱˡ
ҽнǴӾģרŹݷóɼҡ
һźۼĺ֮ʱЩսľ˵
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ԪͬӱС˵֮󣬸Сһ㣬зһٺٵЦյϢ
Ԫͬһ볯߹ȥʱ򣬼ȴǽ²һתϢĵ˽ǰ
ܽǵĹϵΣڳԷֳɣһħ̣һþڳˣ˵Ｘǵ걻Ҿȹˡ
򲻴һֱԼҵĶתƺܺ棬ûʱʶһô׼ֵܶ˹У
ǰԪͬһ٣żɭʵ
ֻҪϷǾͱ˵ˣˣħˣҲҹ컯յĳ
һһ£̽ɵһԣҪͰɽ˫ûаջסһʼͰѽԶԶƿˡ
˵Ƿ̣ΪȻڳ˳˼ҵ֮⣬û֪Ǽ֪һԾԷаɽ˫쾳֣Ҳû˿η֮⡣
ֻҪ֣ȫɽ˫ˣϹɲһľһƲ϶ܵģʱ׷ȥĻеòʧˣһ˶Է壬һ顣
ֻҪ֣ҵ˻ûʲôģɽ˫һʤͳɾġ
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׹Ԫͬû˵μɽһһ˲͵˼ߣȻ䵯޸ɫ̴ָָеżͷȥȻǴɼһͷ
ɲôöԸģվԭضûжڵȴ˲߶˼£ɲǼ˿һصʱŤ˺μɽ֣˴ӼĶ߲˹ȥ
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תƵĴȻ˵ģڶתƵĹЧҲǺ˽⣬Ǵû˵תƾȻתһֱΪתƶֻת˵Ĺ
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μɽͻȻУȻЩ⣬ûлţһͱܿ˺μɽһٶӿ࣬ǿŲ֮˫ƽı仯˺μɽÿһƶµĹ켣һ˸׽
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ոձԪͬһɵߣҲɫ˵һ䣬ĳɼ˶˺󣬽ϵҲͬ˳
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ƶԣɼҵˣȽֵļͺμɽҪǿö࣬Ϊˡ
Ϊ쾳ĸ֣ϢѾʮֵǺ˶֣ҲϢȫǶֵÿһ󻯣Ǹ˷ѣƳ׵ı˵⣬ûʲôʵԵô
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˳ɼҵĸֵǲ£мڴˣֻҪϼˣڼ쾳ǿߴ£˵°ɽ˫ˣǸ߻ûκģžȵģΪ൱ģһŴ⵽ĹͽûκεķС
ľȻ򵥣ȻԽʵ̶ֳȣ
׼μɽΧ˵İ׹Ԫͬɼͬʱ˾˵ƣʱЩ˵
֮ǰѾʤ˵ɼó书ķ书ķֻгɼĸֲ츳һ˸ǳɾ廹ǳʤǶûľֻѡ
ߣħС֮ˣҲҵҳɼ󣡡
ԶĿŰɽ˫дһ֮͵һУһ̷ɵУʵ޻һͨľͷɣڳǱȴ͸ž˵ĺ⣬ϵƸǲֳ˶칤ա
ҲͬʱһȣԼ˳гɼԶԶ׹һͬʱгվλ任γһص˿ǰں󷨡
˼ܶûģǵһζԸ󣬻ڻɽʱ򡣡
׹ԪͬЦһ


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Ѿɽĳɼϣ׹ԪͬٺһЦоȻһĨɫЩ졣
ϰףǶ㣬ҪִҪȥɽôᱻɽɵǽΧһοǲһͽ
һᵽ£μɽæֳ㾫һ䣬¸ӡǱȽá
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Ԫͬҡҡͷ̾˿ͻȻһɭ֮ĻҰϢɢ˳ڶʱɢһɸõζ
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ԪͬһЦһչ˳Զ⣬һӰһ㣬Ʈɼ಺ԼԼһɹǺ
һƲһҰɫĳѶʱ䵽Уϸһͻ֣ᷢǸѾȻ˵ı۹ǵ̶ɡ
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Ԫͬ书ʮƽǺܴ󣬺Եɺ֮²ŵõһħе书书ΪֶΣʮֵĹ죬Ҳ൱ߣõ书֮ķϵļأһХѣӴһٳ
ϰףһ㣡ϼһе
ХѵԪͬܿͺͳɼսһţûȥʱ䣬μɽǱ߾ʹ˽Ĵ
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һʱ֮μɽֵסʱһҪԶԶĳôȥ½Ҫڳɼˡ
һԪͬҲͬãɼȻǿľΪ̫󣬸ûκηĽУÿһжĴ򷨡
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Ϊ˳ɼҵδ룬ɼȻǲƴҽڳĻмҲòƴֻҪǣסһ˾УһȻǽԸˡ
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תתҲҵһɹ˶ʱһͷΣ˹ס˶ĤҲһ·޿ײһ㣬ԴȫκһλڣЧġ
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˭ҪҪħ̵ȷŵ̫ˣȻѾ쵽˻ĸأٲһ£֮ıضħͽˡ
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ΪХѵʹߣжǿԪͬһڲй¶κϢ£ֵХѣˣֱʱ˿̣ûκϢй¶
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ֻнһӽ˳Ϊǽĺˣ˰ɽ˫书ûдɵʱ˹һһж£˶ˣԽŻ֪顣
ҲһֱΪǳ裬Աϳʱ򣬰׹Ԫͬ̾Ҫɱ˽йߡ
һʥسɲô򵥵һ£Сʥ̣ǻḶ۵ģ
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ԭǸϼһ
μɽ´һôᣬӦݻױˣһͷˣװˣ˾ħ˵飬ǿЦ֮
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÷Խͱ˵ʵԽǿⲢ˵û÷ʵͲǿֻһ־ϵ֮ǿ书ܣǲҲᵼ书͡
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ǹһ˿ȣʤ¶һ˿ЦǸ򿪵ƿװǴĶҩ磬һƷԭʱõĶҩ֮ǿŷɥĿǰΪֹû˵˭ȫĵֿҩԡ
ֻҪ˱Ķڵͻᱻȫķʹһ˹޼£һ֮ûнҩĻڵͻյתˣʱһһˡ
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Եһʱ뵽˱磬˽ҩ̸еʱͨһȺ˱ĳɼˣȡɣڰɽ˫Ƕ쾳ĸ֣Ȼòĵġ
нƻһʤҲеӦٶ֮죬һ̣ЦݾϣΪ߲֪ʲôʱѾվһˣ˵ѾϢİеɫСƿϣָöסƿڡ
Ӳתͷȥ˾ȻǸղŻվڻڵŵĿһۻŷǱߵӰڽı䵭ղľȻֻһӰ
ôĳɼˣȻҲʹ磬ѾںЩ˵ˡ
ʩչ貨΢ڷֳʤʩչ˲䣬ѾߣֶסǸСƿӵƿڡ
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ⶾȻ֣
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Ļһڳ˶ʱһʱ˶˹Լ죬ЩˣûˣĶЧġ
һƷԭ֣ҪԸҲߣЩûн֮ߣǸмһ˵ģЩȻԸҪǶԸּˡ
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746 
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ʼʹñǶʱиǳȺӵУŪǶʱ֮˶еˣеডľԱĸо
ΪԣҲ˲ɱȱ㣬ǾҪַʱ򣬲ñ˵ֿͻЩһĹڷг׵ĻΪС
ʹñһ޷磬ڶɢһ΢磬ʹñ綼Ǻѵģǰƺ÷
һԭڷ˳ʤС֮һ͵˳ʤߣְס˱ƿڣֱӶסԴͷ±Ҳ𵽰á
ڳʤ书ûпȻҲǽ֮Ǽֱ͵صĲ࣬ҪʤĻһϢʱ䶼Ҫһƾֱӽʤڵ
Ҵ˱ӵо֮󣬳ʤڿʼˣǰװǻһЩΪɼ˲ٹͣɻһ£ȴǰٿĪˡ
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˴ͷ֮󣬶ʱɼҵ˿ʼҵĿǷ׷Ҫ󵱳ͽʵǳɼҵĳ裬ܽţΪ뾡紦
ͷһߵĳɼˣʤͻȻһӢĩ·ĸоһж·Ǽһڲ֮ǰԼƵ֮УŶȡɼҵĴȨӴƽƣκ˵·
һתۼ䣬ѾϷԵתڳɼѾ룬ûκ֧ȺӵӰҲֻĮȻĿ˿ûͦ뷨;ٶ
еĮʤȻʧЦ޴תһʱЩ޷ܣֻòϵĿЦˡ
ڳʤЦһɲǣվĳɾͻȻһܣһͳԶȥ
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ֻһ̽ĳɾֱӻڵأոɾͱ˴еһûмεգѾ۳׹䡣
ڳɾ廹û׹䵽֮ǰָצһǿ֮ʱƾշԶĳɾ˹Ϣ֮ܵĳɾѾ䵽С
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Ȼʤûбץţɲ˿춯ɾ³ղŶĶүү˲ܣԼˣܳôԶʸûУ̼ͻᱻܡ
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Ӱһƿƶ˳ʤСڤ̷ʤڵһģֻǼĹʧһգԵڵء
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Զ΢΢һ㣬һλߣ˽һϵĳڵطϢ˲ΣԭȻҪһ㣬˱ȭǾˣҳɼҸм
仰˵꣬Զ̴λ뿪˻սͼˣλ쾳ĸֽ֣Ҳյʵ˵ǿǻǲҪҵĺá
Ϸ򿴿㾿Ǻηʥҽϵ˵
μɽ۹һ֣ͻȻӿһɫɫ˵˲֮ɫһʲô綾ӣʮֵĹ졣
ɫ֮󣬺μɽϵϢʱǣȻ˲ͳ˼ﵽһȫµĸ߶ȣȻǶʲôط˲ս
һſ˲ǿطһֱĶҪƴʱЩطĵơ
طʹûк󻼣ǲǺܴǾͿطˣطʵȴֻҪʹã̶̵Ϣʱֱָܻ֮
ֵȼطһǸӴģֻЩλۺ˲пЩһʵҲͨǿ󣬼ҪʹطԾЩ˵ЩطһȽص顣
μɽʹطȻȼͣ߶طٶȺǿӦǵȼĸߵط
ѹָղŰ׹Ԫͬʹʩչ÷£ɸ˵ſ񣬻Ϊĵڣǵʵûнһʩչطʤ֮˵Ԥϡ
ԭǻеƣ
ʹμɽѾ˹˹˵һʤȯյӣʩչʲôطܻʱƣֻҪϵʱҶԼͻҲȻĻҾʹǷΪֹ
֮ڵ˲ɲǼȫ޻ڵһ̤ǰƣֱӶ˺ȻϮĺμɽ
һ̣˵ƾһӲӲĶһƣʱ·˲ˡ
һӵʱ䣬һɺ˵ʹ֮䱬˳Ŵȫķ顣


747 
ǿ񱩶𣬳ɼһǹŷ罨Ŵľʵģܹסǿʱ˲ͱƬɽȥƬ൱ǿ
ãסЩƬ
յվŵĶǳɼҵˣоʵȽϵͣȻǺ˱ͨ˵Щɶָˡ
ʵҪסͺμɽƬȴе㲻ˣͻˣصпֱӱˡ
ԼƬԶʱһȰγһŽ⣬Ƭһһ
ڳԶĴ£ɼʵǿ˶׷׳֣ʼЩɽƬͼҲȥæˣڽûжվĿתĶŽֵͺμɽˡ
ٺ٣ǶˣҲվŹôȻѾˣҲʼɣҼʶһ£ҵĶתƣж
׹Ԫͬһ۽ֵͺμɽȻ䲪ЩɽƬʱ˿ֱӶżȻ֡
һߣɫ̱øӵĲ԰ףһ㣬ϵϢǿ󣬻ΪʲôʬˣͲࡣ
еХŹĺХֱӵ˼ȫҪѨֻգۼĹХѾѾһƬӰ˼¡
ʹطΪԪͬҲ̫⣬ͬ߶ȫ̱ŲжתƺǬŲʮľУʹӦ֣û˿谭
ûпǰԪͬ͸оһǿΧˣڲϵļѹӣͼƶͬķλ
ԭԪͬڽʱ򣬴󲿷ֵ;ۼеХ֮ϣͬʱԤһֵӦԷͻȻлͻ³òӴάƽ⡣
һڽʱ򣬱ƽҪ죬ֻҪƽⱣסˣʩչ书ˣ̸ʲôʽʩչͱ˴ɢˡ
书֮˶Է书ӣöԷƽⶼ޷ȴɵƶ˳֮ϣȡõȻǲԶ
ԪͬˣΪθղźμɽ̶̵һʱ֧֮Ųȥˣ˵μɽͻôܣΪμɽھһʱĽ֪֮Ѿûа취¼ȥһԼ
ͨһ֮Ԫͬ۹һͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ƫĿλõХͻȻ˻ȥҲǰֱӺһ뿪˼ַܵΧ
ڼһʱԪͬХѾŵߣͬĵٴ𣬲һεĵɱ֮ǰҪǿĶ࣬ΧЩѵ֮ĶͻȻԤ׵Ʈ
ЩҵβƬڿвϵţÿһ𶯶һЩľм𶯵ٶȷǳ֮죬ЩƬҲۿɼٶȲϵСЩ΢СһƬüӾѾ˷ĩ
ǵͬʱɫҲһ䣬̾͸оһǿΧǽȽʴģֻв޷ռڵʵȻǲ߱߿ı¡
Դĳ̶ֳ˵ȫûа취ĹȻܵŤãҲֻܸıܽ׵ĴϿʱ˿ֻ̣ӲԪͬĵ
ǰĿתٶԽԽã
ڼֵɵʱĴͻȻڵﴫĶ䣬һĨɫû뵽ͺμɽֵʱпչע
Ȼ֪ʲô˼ˣΪǲẦģôһеġ
мȻѾע⣬ûκεĳɣһתĴ߶֮£̿Ŀܲܽ׵İγգÿٵתǿġ
һ̣һϸ΢ڼ֣һӵʱ䣬Ѿһ׳ķ˶С
һĻڴѵԪͬʱɻһ£ûйܼΪʲôôǼŵӣϵķ
˵ԪͬĶɼҲ׼ΪͻȻôŪһ
췴ӦǼеɻɫһͱɫȻѾͨеĹؼľǽҲ˼⡣
ǰһ˷תԭѶԪͬҪתĿҪעǿһоͻģǰҲƾ˽˺ֱһʯư
˵תͷż˵ƺҫսĽһȻɫ֮˹ԷѾеĹؼʱЩȻƲͷȥųеĴֽ֡
СһйȻЧ
Ŀת֮󣬼Ȼ˺ѾС˷ǳ֮࣬ȻȫûУϺĸ˵ֱνһ£ȫԳܡ
ȻѾ˶Է޿ײţһξԪͬ޼ɵʩչ²ÿһţǴӵϵһ˲䣬ȴذ嶼ȥ
ᣬ˼ľٶᵽĸֵĺ壬ÿһζ̤ȥÿһε˾ȵĺϲ£죬ǳɼҵˡ
ĵ沢ͨǴӼ֮زɼʯͷЩʯͷ꾭ܷ紵ɹܣͱʮֵļӲĥʱĥһҪŪһʯͷҪʹ̵
ǼôһŲȥڵµӡȻ࣬һŶȥҲɼҵ˲ôȣôһȴܲȳӡޱȵˡ
̤һһӡһӰЩӰҲڲϵĻζǰһƬģһ㣬΢עӵľһ㣬ͷĿѣĸо
ۿˣһ֮󶼲ı۾΢΢ζԴȻЩˡ
ԪͬȴûôױιȥϾҲ쾳ĸ֣ʶҲǿ󣬺ܶʱ򲢲Ҫ۾жʶĲ׽ܿ˼Ӱڡ


748 л
кһ׹ԪͬһЦʶѾƽ˼Ӱҵڵλá
Ȼһʱ紵һ˲ͱʮ»̥һһеХѣһۿɼĿ²ֱӶһӰ˹ȥ
úã
ǵӰԭǺʵƳ֮ӰͻȻתʵλþط
Ȳһƣͣʶһɨƣʱдϲ
֮ǰ׹Ԫͬһֱйֶ翣һʵʣԼ˶תƺǬŲƣҲ޷ֶŲơ
һµĲʽȴѾıʣ׹Ԫͬǿʵ廯һֳ˾ʽͿԱвٿأѭĶתƣѭǬŲƣԽаŲơ
һʱ򣬰׹Ԫͬпһ£˹жʱŭһ
ղǵ޶ľУΪɲһִﵽ˳Ƶ޵ƾ߸ٵ𶯣ǰһж÷飬˶ķ⣬ûʲô취ӲȻҪʹһЩ˵豸ҲǿԵģǻûа취ġ
ָƵ𵴵ǰͬǰĻһ㣬ᱻпͷ·Ĵһȫûа취ԪͬŻһΪɲ
ֻǶһ֮˶ԣڼ˵Ĺ֮ãڶתƺǬŲżΧ֮ڣ԰Ųһе
ͷһķʱʧǵһ̤ǰ˫֣ǰ˼֮˫ֲϵķת֮䣬Ȼǵ£УԭһܹеһҰɫ
˫ת˼֮󣬼һתе˲һ뿪֮ǵʱָԭģһεĿȴԼˣǱʩչİ׹Ԫͬ
˵ӣʵŲٶȷǳ֮죬ɢȥһ˲䣬ѾתռֱӴԪͬ
мʱ̣֮ԪͬΪʩչɲĸûȫƽȥ֪˹еٶжˡ
Ԫͬһ⣬ǹɲĴߣȻ֪һеʱ㵽һԣ׼ܿһС
ȻתٶѾܿ죬ǱϾûԪ֮ͬǰ׼ȷĲ׽ֵ˶켣ȻץסһĻʩչü޿ɱֻ֮ӲһС
Ϊʩչʱûô˳ԸԪͬһܵĻᣬȫԱܿȥǿеĵ͵ǿ
Ԫͬʧˣڳ˿ɲǽֻͼ˵Ļһǿ϶Աܿˣﻹμɽˣ©ľںͺμɽֵ
ԭΪμɽԲסԸ㲻Ķ֣һʱҲܣϧǶ͹ʵҲûнʵչֳǵԤʧ
תԪͬǿһ̾ʶһõĻᣬһ£Ҫһ쾳߻Ƚףɱһ쾳ȴǱȽѵģʵ⣬쾳иָıֶΡ
ǲԪͬʩչʲô߰ĹֶΣһξϼ˲ҪشԪͬһҪж
֮Ӱʱٶȳ֣һ֮μɽһΪҪʩչʲôʽʱ²һѾ˿׼ݱܷâ
ٶ΢΢һ㶣һЦ׼ƿμɽҪȥй׹ԪͬԲŻṦֳӰû뵽μɽȻܵô죬ûжֵʱѾ˿
һЦʱ򣬺μɽһ⣬ʱ˼ʱҲע⵽ԪͬѾ˿ȴѾ޷ٶˣ鼱ֻܴ֮һ
Сı󣡡
μɽһѣԪͬʱһ۽ǵһղźμɽսĵطֻ˺μɽһڽĿȴѾʧӰˡ
֪Ԫͬ˿ĳɣǰиղַصĹɲѾ÷쾳ǿߣʱٲƴĻԺûƴĻˡ
뵽ԪͬĵﴦȻ䱬һǿǿҪȸղŻҪǿ࣬ȻҪƴˣðŵٵΣǿʵ
Ҳûа취飬ͻȻйԪͬѾΣյ˼㣬Ƴһ֣пܻɥ
ԭк֣
ЦһڵҲͬһʱ͵˶㣬ԪͬڵʵѾȸղ㱩屶࣬Ȼ϶ԪֺܼܾͬãȵԻἫھҪӲƴԪͬ޿ɱܡ
ԪͬⱬǿһҪ׼ӲԪͬıϾ·
ڵڵȫ֮ǿ֮ʵһȫչ¶˵ǰӰһ˲ȻΪʵһĴڣϵ뷢Ƭһ׶೤ľƮ󣬿·һ㡣
һƣսȪ
˫Ȼһڵıڤ˲仯Ϊ˸ٱĽ澢˫һϣǰƳʽ޻ڣȴǴú˸ε
ʮƷʮʽڽ쾳֮ʮȫմ;׵ĵʮʽںǰʮƵľ֮ʮƵ֮Ѿӵ˼¡
ʮʽȫȫľһһǰľ֮⣬ɱ˾ݣǽȥҲҪ׵ĻɱˣΪָҵ⾳ŽһеֶΪսȪ
ҪôеڴˣҪôȪ
һƴ֮һĳХ֮㴫ʮ￪⣬ϵͨڣһ߿֮˶߳˼ẉ̂ѰԴһʱͷǽͷӶ˽
Ȼ˫ƻûнӽ׹ԪͬսȪȴѾεԪͬǿֱѹȵԪͬƶ޷Ӳƴһƣûκεİ취
ƷδУ
˿µһƣԪͬͫȻһ֪һ˸ͷĸ֣


749 սȪ
ƿʼʱͿʼζͷȻľ޴ޱȣſľѾӴСԽֱӶԪͬ˹ȥ֮ǿͷ·ҪһԪͬһ
ԪͬȻҲԴУȻ֪һƵѾﵽһʮֲֿĳ̶ȣϾһ쾳ĸ֣־ֵȻǲá
͵شһڵٱ۽ΪĴ߶Ѿ˿Ѫ˳۽ջ䣬ǲӰ׵ɫӵˡ
ӿеХѣ֧һ벻ʱ֮ͱը˿һֻҰɫͷޣһֻϻӣӵӱըķĩͻȻͷӭȥ
ϻͷޣһֻҹ˵Ĺޣɭֲ˾ͻᱻֹ޶ȡǣȻ󱻹սɽʧȥ
Ƿһ˵Ԫͬȡе˼һֻϵҲԹȰջΪĹֻǸֻΪεĶֶ쾳ĸ֣ԲûֳʲôǿЧ
ԪͬԳɼҵ֣ͨûмܹХѣȫХѻԹȥ
ХΪעӴ֮ѾԶԶĳ˱ܳܵļޣֱӱը˿ֵֻͷԪͬôһֻľգХѵʱĸɹ仯һӰ
ҪǷУԪͬôȥջᵮһ֮飬ǸʱХѵͻ
ȻҪĹڷ֮飬һûȥһģ֮ҪѴΪĲϣǵҲֻһ˷֮飬Ƶľ֮¡
Хгǵͷ޵ӰҲ΢һ£Ͳܲ˵ļǰ˵ʱγɵƷ֮ӰԪͬһ÷࣬ҲоԵİһ
ʮƣƷΪٱĵһ񹦣żҪۺûһƵķҪΪ飬û˿ǿƷǳ˿ԴȵģûʮƵˣ޷ʮ֮һ
ͬʮƵˣƷҲǲһģȻҲǲһģƷľг̶ȣѾڵ괴Ʒλ֮£ƾųһص飬ʮƵľں֮󣬴˵ʮʽսȪ
˵ʱʱ죬ԪͬХѷͷӰ̼ĹײǾ޴ͷ֮ͷûһ㣬һֱ֮ӴһţǵͷӰӲȥ
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ʵ˵Ĳпᣬͷ޸͵ֵսȪһ¶޷ǿɽεһͷ֮󣬾ٶſһ̾Ѿǰ
ûбİ취ԪֻܹͬȫӴ˲ǰγһ޴Ķƣ󱳵ķֻǰʮ֮һɼһƵӣѾһƵԶԶĳĹɲ
䣡
һ˲ӻڴ˳ľһû˿磬ԪͬȫֱӴɢˣ˵ˣϵĳйţ
ǿûķݽṹ˲Ϳʼҡ֨֨ʮӵʱ䣬һȻ̮ľ죬ôĳ
ʱһӰݵĴĳٵĳųɼҺ󷽵Ĵɽȥ
ͬһʱ̣һӰͬ˳ֱ׷ǰǵӰȥߵٶͬþˣֻһĹ򣬾ѾʧԶԴεĴɽ֮Уϡﴫһ΢֮
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һƶ뿪һξ֮󣬻ɫͻȻܳһˣ˳ųɼ˵ķǰԪֵͬļ
ʱ˿̣ԭڻнֵĸˣֻʣ˼һ
Զһǰ̾ͽ˸˾Ųʮ
ǰһƳȥ˰˳ɾμɽˣ֮׷ȥ˾ǸԪͬѾˣôǿһ֮£㲻Ҳˣ֮ٽ˼һתƣӲĳԼһйɲļʵ̫͡
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ǰһλǰǣ
ԶǰһĿżʵ
书չֳ֮󣬳ԶѾ˾ηּĸѾһ˿ˣûǿ츳ͻԵ书Ǿ˳̶ȵģдԵˣÿһǺǵ
ɼܺｻãôһϵôԳɼ˵ֱһĺ£ӣǺʶģԳԶϽһ
һλ书쾳֣£ʮͨ쾳߶
ǼҵĶˣҲ˵
һ۳Զ⣬ô᲻֪ԶʲôȻû¶ĿȻǲȥ¶ݣԾô˵һ䣬ԳԶĴ˼
ȻԶ˼ĻԳĬһ֮˵ͷѾ˼˼Ǿݻ¶ʱʵĻΪʱ硣
ּߣҲǲܵģ¾ǼɼҲ¸ж£ͼ˼Υ
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ԶЩΣæԲ
μɽ׹ԪͬѾһ»ҷˡ
΢΢һЦжһҲǷǳ𾪣˺˵ƷǵһμĬĬıȽһóһۣڵĹҲԵֵһƣ
ܲ˶תƺǬŲƣŲƵķ棬Ҳż޴ڵģǿƵŲе


750 ׽
һ֮ԶĴɽͻȻһ֮һӰʹǸٵ˹
ոտʱ򣬻ԶһС㣬ĹǸСѾһӰ˵ǰۼѾǰǵӰƺһˡ
Ϣ֮ص̮Ļǰŵμɽ֮ǰץסĳʤͳɾ˷һ
ǲ˼ˣһʱûпƺãúõһôˡ
ųԶ⣬ǸһЦ
ǰ⻰ɷҵȣ
Զæǰһıȭ˵ǰڴˣǳɼҿ»һ٣һûɼµİΣǸҪ飬ǰǳɼҶģֻǵڣǻ֪ǰ䣬̫ʧˣ
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˰֣ȻһЦ
Գƣ˵ûʲôı飬ֻΪ˲й¶ݣߵһϡ
ǿ²뵽գϣڵݶѡ
ЩȻǲ˵ģЩô룬ν
ԭǰҳɼһݣ
ԶɫһϲľһĳɼˣͬĶϹл˳ɼңɼҶɹһ١
ڳɼ˵þٶûʲôģҲǳɼӦã֮һĻ³ɼͱƻˣƾԶЩˣɽ˫Щ˰ֵĻǲһлᷴ
ܳɼҵľʮֵǵûһ쾳֣޷쾳ֽҲǳɼһֱ쾳ԭڡ
ʤ˾ͽǴˣμɽҪߣħ̵һЩҪúõһʡ
ָָ̱ڵػԲѵĺμɽȻһЦڰ׹ԪͬǲҪˣΪԪͬѾ׵ĻҷˣڹҲҲˣֻҵһ·Ƭ
һнǰ˼
ԶʲôûУĻƴӡ
Ѿ˽⣬Ҳȥɡ
תͷż˵ĿƳ˳ԶһֹģʱЦҡҡͷͲˣħ̵ⱣǻкܶҪ졣
ȻˣǾ͵´ǰʱٺúõдǰһһʧˣ
ԶһʶȤˣһ⻰֪ȥѾҲͲᷳ
ĵ˵ͷֽԲѵĺμɽУһݾ뿪˳ɼҡ
ҲͳԶ˸кٵ뿪˹
ڶ磬Ѿص˶ңһţ͸ȥ˼۴ķ䡣
ųǰļڴϵļ۴ʱҪȴǱһ˴ߣİ˴ϡ
ҪδȬҪְźá
ļ۴ļ򣬼̾˿ץ۴֣һ̽ڣһϸļʱİ
Ѿ۴ˣּһ֮󣬼֪ǵ͹ơ
¼۴ڵľȻˣȸ˵ʱҪõ̫࣬Ǻͳ˱ԾǲҪĵѾˣĿǰѾ׶˻ָϣ
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Ҷףû£һνֻûܽôļҵӴھΰ
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Ϊʲôţ棬ΪʲôŰ
˵۴Ѿݺᣬż֣ϵĿ޺ţλϵĵһ֣ȴǿ޵ӣֽţϵĴŴ塣
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Ҳһ˿⣬һ˸ͷܸż۴ȥμ½ұˣһɫˣԺҪ縺𼧼ҴΣȴδʱ򣬼档
ڼ˵ڵͷһȻһĸֻ࣬ǶһһȱʧֲҪʮʱ䡣
ҺúްҺúޣΪʲôôܣܽ쾳һ£һ°
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ҲһԿţ۴Ҳѹ˺֮ԱЩ䵭ǻ̲סתȥĵĨĨ۽ǡ
ȥˣ۴һжȥˣ㲻Ҫ̫ѹԼҵĹû˿Ĩȥһε鲢㡣
ϵż۴֣Ҳֻôοţ֪۴ʮֵЩ˶ǼδĶȴô棬ڼҶԣһʮֳصĴĵھΣô׾Ĩȥġ
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ȵһȺ뿪֮ͼ˵һɻԵμɽ뿪˼ңֱȥõıŻء
ڰ칫ﴦŹ½һ˽ʱȵĿһۡ
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μɽɳϣ¶ĿʱĺμɽһˣԶûڳɼҵʱôֲûʲôرĵط
֮ΪˣΪμɽڵѾȫˣһƻĸҲ˵μɽӴԺûĿܣָΪȻҲ췽ҹ̷ˡ
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ȴһһˣȺУԪͬѾμɽҲ׽˻һԿ书ȷѾһĪľ硣
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һƬ޴԰С·ϿٵţһĹ͵԰ֵ
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𪣬һӣһȻı飬һ򵥵ɫۣȵ߽֮˲Ż۾
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۾æһ
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üͷһ壬Ȼûۼʩչ书ǹѾµð˾Ųʮղ㻹˵һˣ书Ѿ÷ĵز
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ʵǲ֪˽Щˣһ˶ѣûбˣֻʲЩ巽ѡ
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бھڵҲ˳žУ˵еĹܵܵԽԼ̣еٶȾԽ죬ͬһʱԵҲԽӴ
ǾǺؿģһ˵˾⣬ǲõǿģĿǰΪֹûר书Ϊ޷ä
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Զ׼ǸӰǵһ͸뵤ҩˣǴһͿԿħ̵ʵеô򵥡
ɼҵķ粨ȥ֮ƺһٶȻָƽص˼УʼоĦ޵ͷ˴޻޻Ҳаտʼʵ飬мεʧܣеҩҲƳ㹻ĵҩˡ
һڵʱ䣬ڼиҪƵҩĵҩԣ֪ʶ취ǿĹЧĦ޵Ѿ㹻ˣŮڶͺܴάڵѾ㹻ˣᷴ֡
½ǱҲͻԵĽչѾʧȥ˹ĺμɽסŸ̿򣬽õĶֲЩϢǺݺݵĴһħ̵ļεפأŵǰһƿ
ٱ߽ݱƵʱҲȡͻԵĽչԷĸɹˣƶ˸ҩĲͬı˼µҩģƳķ裬Ч֮ǰǿ֮һѾڵļˡ
֮ǰķḻ飬ܽЧǿ̶ȣڵϵʦ˵̶ֳȵҩѾһˣ˵ȥ¶ûţᱻ˳Ц
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ҪҲǵͳҦǱǲôģȻҦ˵ʵûͳǿ󣬵һ棬ҦȴǱͳǿ١
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沿ÿһ˿鶼ע⣬һʲôʣͻֻͳӷĻнȳ
ڱ˵һѵ飬˵򲢲ʲô£ĴطоרѵطҲȫ׼ŸüŮһ÷ģΪаջЩˣҲ׵ա
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Ҧ˿Ļ˻ԴƺڷĻУһʱỹѲ˷Ӱ졣
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˫۵һ˲䣬һۻ֮Ϣʱϴ˳ֻϢ֮ǰֺķϢͬʱ˿̣ϢѾʮֵа
һѾ֪ˣͳΪĹЧ߻ħ״̬˷ӪĻ֮УڱþƣѾһħͷ
ʱֻſԽȣ޷ħ״̬нѳģֻһ·ߣҪôħҪôͷûе·ߡ
ͳ߲ԶҦˣͳϵŵþһ̱˵ֱӵ㱬ͳ
Ѫɫ˫ವĶסҦˣ漴һ죬ͳҦ˾һ˹ȥۻ̷ӵǰγһ׶ߵľƵӰ
һҪǴҦˣҲˣҦ˵ʵͳǻһκԶľ룬ϾͳǱֵĴĦԺඥģһۻ룬Щ˼ʮǰ֮£Ҧ˿Աġ
ϺƲ֮һ磬ѾƾյҦ˵ǰһһŵͳһơ
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һཻɫһҦսһȥ
ħ֮ͳԭȵʱǿһңĴҲǴߣҲе㲻˼飬һͳʵƾңһǳɹ۵ǲ֪ħ״̬нѳʱ򣬻ܲάڵĹ
ϸ̫֮࣬ҪͳƷȻħ״̬нѳ̻кܴĶϾǱȥкܶͨ˴ڣ˿һ޴ӡڶ컹֪ýôء
ؼҦ˵ס飬ҦҲкܴӰ죬ϾͨڵУҦҲֻһͨŮ˰ˣӦñ߰Ĺ⻷
뵽ʱһڵ̿ʼת纣Хӿ
Ѹٵתϲûǿ֣Ϣѹ˺ܵ͵ĽޣһֳһѹͳȫϢ
ղ˽ֵһĳѾİٵһͿֻǽֲĳѾΧһƬǽ壬Ҧ˵ǰҦҲˡ
ĳ֣ͳʱתĿ꣬ħ֮ͳѾûǣֻʣ˱ܣĳв˼ߵвУȻӦĽ˵һĿꡣ

﷢˵ͳĹЦͳһȻֱӶײ˹˫ǿĿܡ
ȻĹûиղſĺˣҲûз׸ߵľӡǴ˵ȴû˿ļ٣һ˲١
ΪͳеУȵҪֵʱЩǿŻ˲䱬ֹвǿ˭ƺˣǱƴǶĿ
ħ״̬Ϊû˼ţԴʱ˿ͳǹ书ҲǱһר־״̬нѳʵ϶½һΡ
ζͳ˵Ҳһᣬܴħ״̬һ㶫˵ͿԽ˻ֱӽ쾳֮УӴ˳Ϊһʵ쾳֡
һԴʱͳ˵ͻ̯ϴ鷳Ϊͳħ֮ǣѾԭͳˣʵԶԶĳͳʱ˿ͳҲĶ֡
ͳ˫ƣֻǾŲҲԼ˫ƣͳƷһֱڱòѾı仯ͷֱ΢΢һΣ˼Ӱ֮˫ƾѾ׼ȷĶͳ˫ơ
ϣͳ϶ʱ¶һ˿ЦӿǿƱ˳µ·ƮĲ˲䱻ķ顣
ͳЦҲ͵˽ˣһϾ¶˾֮飬Ǻ۾Ҳ¶һ˿ɻȫ״ʱʲô顣
Ƶһ̣˫ƾڶͻȻǿԴԴϵĽͳڵ˹ȥƻûбܣôֱˣڵҲʼܿƣȫֱӿ˹ȥ
һ˿ţͳʼŬҪƣûκεãȫѾˣѿֻͽ͵ĻζӣôԶ޷Ŀơ
Բô˫ͳ˫ƣͳڵʼ𲽵İ룬ЩͲͳħ֮ǵĹͳľ绹ĿЩԴʱͳĻָźô
ҦʱҲߵһԣֵĶƶˣһĵȻͳһľ֮ɫҦҲ֪ʲô飬ӦռϷ磬ˡ
ԼʮӲʱ䣬ͳϵƺ֮ǰѾ޴ԭȵϢҪһЩΪڵѾ֮Ҫࡣ
ĬĬһòˣȥͳָҲ״̬ͳѾԱ׵ƷˣǲҪټȥˡ
뵽˫Ȼһãֱӽͳ˿һ˸ֱӵ˷˵ͳǰй󣬱õĽָѾͳؿڡ
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һ̫̫Ϊ˾ȱѹڳµӣȻͽ̧һشһֵСγѵ߶Ҫڵǿ飬һ޸̫̫֮Ȼɵ̧Сγ˵ȥò˼顣
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˰֣ʾƲҪżһ䣺˹ץסЩоԱûпܲͨߣֱӴЩоԱĿʵϵϢ
ⲻܣĿ϶ڿɴ洢Уֻһ֪ûҵ룬Щ˾ʹֶΣҲܻеϢɴ洢ȫĴ洢ˣҲΪİȫԣ뷽跨Ūһö
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һ㲻ǿӵһöɴ洢壬ڸʹãһװʹãʵΪװ˲٣ɴ洢ڶӳԶԶͨеⶼΪǵߡ
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صͳ磬һжʱ֮شϵʱװ̵ŬȱΪϵĹģͬʱҲȫʮ󰺹ľסУˮ׼֮Զһ˵
Ƶĵһվ֮ѡΪһվŵ㣬ŵķֲ⣬һҪԭǾһŮ˵ȫġ
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˷ɻ֮ȵ˾Ƶ꣬Яȶú֮ϴ˸ˮ裬Ȼм컷ͲΪ˵ˡ
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ƴӾƵʱ򣬴ǰ̨СǶЦ
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Ǻ۰ֻҹʱܳһĽ͢һ죬һὫǳ׵Ļ壡
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762 ڰе
ͰķһߴӰͰﻺ˳˱Ե֮˵ϡ
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ǵõϢ˵ǱӵѾˣشǿ϶ֻһǰѰ˵ģ˵ʲôҲͬ顣
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˫ֽסʮֽĽش̵ͻȻҫһƬŨܵİ׹⣬߻谵ҹƾնһⵯ߷ǳĴֱۣ۾ı
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⣡Ӱһ
һ޴񸸵ӿֱ֣˽֮ϣ󽣱ײ˵ؿڣֱӽ˵ؿײİȥ
һʹ˶ʱֻصԭȵλãһײǽϵȸղŻҪǽڶ΢΢Ļε˵ҳ·ƵĹвϵҡҷš
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ˣоȻ˫ͫ׽һϸСһ㣬ʥʿĽʥʿ
ҿɴû˵һ񸸡
شҡҡͷеʮֳߵ˵ǰ
һ΢紵˴̵ĺɫۣ·Ƶҫ£һɫĹâӳһ
Ǿ˵ĿͿˣֻһ˲䣬Ҳ˳¸·һӼף


763 ɱ
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ͷְɫĹâ˵Լ֮͢УͷֵĹâԽǿԽᱻ͢ӣȥ֮λҲһְԱҪߡ
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ڱشһƯĽսɻɵʱ򣬲Żôȣû뵽񸸾Ȼһʥʿ
еʮֽܱһְԱݣΪϼְԱÿжһʮֽ˵ǱӳܣԼ˵УǱԶķһʮֽҲǺбҪġ
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764 ά޵Ժ
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ʼ磬Ʒ΢΢һЦⶼǴţҲ֪ļٵģȻˣôڽ̲ĴŶҲˣоŻѨ磬ִܲԵ޹ʵĴġ
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ȷ˾ʯ֮ҶԵʮֵļžʯֶʼ΢΢
Ƿ֪־ʯ
ֵĹ۲һʯҶĽʯݸʵ
弫ǱܿչؿѾˣΨһ谭־ʯʮֵϡ٣Ҫģ˲ӣǿ϶ܵ飬ܹ㹻ľʯʹãĿֻܷһСֵˡ
òһźϢҶʿʯڵϵĴ洢ǳϡ٣ĿȻѾоɹˣҪģӦȴǲʵģҶʿܹҵ취־ʯΪϸܡ
ҡҡͷеľʯ
˵ƺ˽־ʯ
Ҷĵûע˵ĿӦõľԣץסе˼
˵Ϻ˽⣬Ǳ˿϶ҪôһЩģ־ʯǽ֮ԴǱ龧һֵ͵ȵ̺Ŀʯ֪ô˵Ҷʿܷ⣿
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
⣬ܹ⣬оһʱڵʱҲΪоθϸٳܣǶʱоҷ֣ڵƽʱ˵ͬ
һ˵о飬ҶĶʱŹ⣬Լڻ֮Уƽ˵ܡܵȸûлԵҳƺΪ̬ڵǾ߱Եģǻ̬ܱա
ҶʿⷽоΪ롣
ȵĿһҶģܹо̶ȣҶľǻʱ;


767 
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ҶҲ̬̬𵽵ʲôҶ֪̬޷ֱյģֻл̬ܱϸֱãԿǱ֮ܿϸȱʧ
Ƕ͵ĻǾ̬߱ӡǣΪĶҪһתܱ֮գ̬Ǿ߱ӡǣӶ̬˿Աϸֱá
߿̬ΪǱ;߱ЩԲſԽЩûӡǵԲٿغãʵ˵˻츳ԣӵص
ͨ˾ͲͬˣԸ̬û츳ǣǿн̬뵽ǵڣֻǵϸ⵽ƻֳȻǸ˺ˣȵĻ΢һ³
龧ڵȴ̬֮侫ѹ֮γɵľ״ĶҲûԵģֻ֮һָߵȼѡ
ڵﾭ˳ʱ֮ͽıصԸͬˣӶӵ˴ص
κ֮УضΪĸףд֮ĸƣΪ˺ܶӵ߱ڴ֮жջΪǻ۵
͵ӾǸɾˣֲﱾĿԱȶﻹҪ͵Ķ࣬Ϊǲ߱ǣǾ˴صĳʱҲпܵǵġ
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Ծܵϵ龧ƷʺӣҲʯһֻ֣ǴȽϵͶѣӰڲܹ̻γ龧ӵ˴֮ӡǣΪ˲ܱϸֱӵգΪϸֻ̬
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һ֮ҶҲʼΪҲĲѧţһˣͨǸ֪龧ֶģ˵˽еܲˡ
֮ǰҶʿ˵ΪоǱܣоڵȻ̬жӶǿڵǿȣ龧ΪԣΪ龧ҪתḶ́ͿԱֱá
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û£ԴΪأԲܱ˰˹ǣʱûʲôΣգõЩϣ˹ǲôģǳԵͷˡ
ҶҲҡͷ¶һ˿΢ЦʮֿÿҲĹѹôΪϯѧҡ
Ҷʿ˵öԣûõ֮ǰ˹ǰ˶ҶʿǲôģֻҪһʱ䣬ҾͿԽЩ˽ˣʱȻҶʿһˡ
˵ͷ˵ֻǴҪҶʿΣΪЩ˶ʵˣҶʿװεĻ׾ͻᱻġ
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Ҷ˼ǲҪôѣϾ֮ǸһɵΧΧεĻλþƶˣƱػǻ˹ǰ˵ע⡣
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Ҷһ⻰۾ĻĵĹڹô꣬ûмĻĵĹأ˵߾磬ڻڵ֮ͬӵ棿
ҶʿǸٰĹ֣ҿԸƱ
ҶһԵӣƶʱЦҶľһˣǺ˽ģڸȤĶ̾ͻֳȤ
ҶʿԻĵĹҲһоģ˵Ĳڽ֮󣬵ȷǿԺȫͬɼľھ֮õ
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ƵĻҶĶʱ۾һ۾ʼˣѧҵıֿʼɢ˳˽⣬ƺĽ׶֮󣬹ǵΪͿʼ𽥵ͬһеˣʵĲر֪ǲôһ£
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Цŵ˵ͷ΢ҶĽһҲǾԵĲ࣬ż֣ҲᵼʵϵĲ֮һ쾳֮󣬹ߵʵһ֮Ĳ໹ҪӴ󡣡
֪Ѿ˺־磿
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Цŵ˵ͷ֮һṩҶʿ֧źܳһʱоˣǲ֪ҶʿǷд洢װãҺ滹кܶҪ޷һֱͣŷޡ
УУǱкƵһ豸Դ洢ʵ
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뿪֮ǰ˵ǸŮʹԺӴϵ첽߽˳ȣǸҶĵ˵ķϸļһȷûתȥˡ
ȻѾ֪Ҷĵ˱λãҲûȥˣֱӾͷ˰ɭƵ꣬ʱھƵڵ˾ֻжһˣ˺ƷǶȥ豸ȥˡ
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ϵķ֣Ѿ˵ˣȻѾ֪ҪĿ걻Ѻĵص㣬ҵжʱԺĿԡ
ʼԼ֮ǰʱ䷶Χڣ޵Ժеͷʼ˼أϵĲ¼еݣܲҵ˭Ҷĵ͵ά޵Ժ
Ӻ󣬶۾ͻȻˣǰͶӰٲһµҲͣ
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ڶ˵ϵ֮ʱֱ01ɵݣǶЩ˵Ȼǲܿ01ЩģЩʲô֪ȻҪԭͨ˿ͼƬƵݡ
ͷһͶӰϵƵʱʼ
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ӵʱ䣬лԲѵ˾Ͷ˽޵Ժ棬ʱ̣һŰɫTĺ˴ӵһվſڵŮ˵˼仰֮󣬾ͺЩصĺװһ뿪ˡ
Ȼǰ˹ˣղǸڻļʱ͸Ű˹ȥ˻ġ
ָĻϵǸ³ĺ˵Ůǵʱ޵ԺǣǽǸСԺӵŮͰ˹Ҳǧ˿ƵĹϵһŮôͰ˹Ϲϵģ
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ҵ֪һĻͨĵģߵĲ룬˵ǸߵܿΣԱܹܸӦ
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769 
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ƺǸСѾص˰ɭƵ꣬ʱûʲôµĶ⼸ǵһֱڶǣһȦûʲôرľٶƺĽñȽϸȤܱеĴöһ顣
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ٵ˵ͷһ̿ʼٷŴʥ޾Ƶ긽̳˻ϣһάĻ棬ʾʥ޾Ƶ긽
һļػȻǵʾľ龰Ƕȴƾǿֱϵֲ֮һάģĳ򣬿ԽΧĶǶȾϲʵάͼ񣬾ͷ·ֳڹۿһ
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ڳǰľʥ޾ƵſڣһλԱڸһɫļӳֿϿţͿ˰˹ӳˣ½˼ˣһֱŰ˹İ˺ͺˣʣļǰ˹ߵ
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˵ͷĻϵĺ˺Ͱˣ̾ͻһѵ01涼ٲһڸ˵沿ѰŷеϢȶԵʱܳҲúܿҵ͵ϢõĻҵʱǾͲһˡ
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ܶ緽ӵ޿ɱƣ˺˵ʱҲֻаͰѰٶҲ˿ˣΪݵ㷨ͼٶȣԶԶĳһĵԣЧȻҲǱ˿Աġ
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䣬˵ݴٲ˳01һ任γ˰˵ģͬʱϻĽܡ
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ʱϢЩǴ֮ǰάϢȻǼ¼ķǳ٣Ӧǰ˹ҪƽʱҪ͵ԵʣЩϢ⣬Ϣ޸ݵĲ²⣬Ѿȫˡ
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ָź˵΢΢һЦܼܲϢ
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ԷѾʧû׼ȷλãǸݷλʾԷľڡ
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M˶ʱüͷһֱΪ˸ĹҪߵȡʲôݡ
ȻCIAҲʱͺǶԷмֵݣϾЩݶ鱨Աģôܻ޳ṩ鱨֯ʹã
鱨ҵڶĬϵǱ鱨֮ʱ๴ĶҲ󣬴һҲͶ˵ˣﵽʱһ־ˡ
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771 ˹
˹ȫޡ˹˹գҲǼֻ֣һŷڼǿˣͨƼֶ֣ԷȨƵԺպǿ
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ҲЩԾߵͲô˽⣬ԭҲֻǸͨ˶ѣʲô֮ˡ
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ֱӣһ˿صɫ
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Сķʶʱд򿪣ûȥⷿΪ֪зޡ˹ʶȻͨ˸ӦǸֻǿԲģǸӦ֮ˡ
ޡ˹Ϊ۷ļߣɲóȻʶȥ鿴Ҫǿ᲻˿ء
ʶһ̽ȥ̾͸Ӧʮ˹ڿأֻͳ׷ſվˣȻǷޡ˹͹˹˾סĵطˡ
ȻĹ۲һȵĲ֣˼һ֮˴ȹȥĴ㡣
ΪȵĲʮֵܣֳһκʮΣ۴Ǹط͵Ϯܽе˶һ˲򵹣Ȼ˾
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۲һ¸ĻһͨܵڲԶȵϷͨܵǴֱģȵĶ˾׶ߣһǸ֮ܽͨܵڵģҲΪ˷ֹ˴ͨܵ롣
һж˵Ȼʲô⣬ĬĬĹ۲һΰ˹˵÷ϰߺ߷Χ֮ץס˼ӵĻᣬһ͵Ǹͨܵ·һݣҿͨܵͬʱѾ˹ܵڲϢٶȸ塣
һжϢʮ˹ˣûһ˷־ȻѾͨܵ
ܵһֱͨ羮书Ȼ࣬һʱεͨ羮ڣ˹ȥžǰת䣬ռеķλͨ˰ֵͳ׷Ϸ
֪Էзޡ˹ļ۷ܸ֣жرСģûзһ졣
һϷĸӦһ֮ȷûˣȻתƵһϷһڴ·ķ˶˵Ȼ˵ǿٵǿĶԻݡ
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772 ֮
ͨܵ·ͳ׷Ĵˮ·һɫĶ˹̺ĺƤɳһɸûʵľ
ϸ߼ɳϣһߺӶƣһ죬Ƕȥһ̣ʱֻˡ
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ȻһˣΪǿʵòֵʮᣬͺʮ࣬׵ϱǶʮͷˣȻǳᣬȴǱͬ˶һݳ
ڹ˹Ϊ곤һˣòͬҲϣ۽Щطʲôƣһͷɢɫͷôóһλˡ
׵ϣүүûѧϰ
޺һںƣĻζһ΢΢һЦ˲׵ϡ
壬һֱүүߣʮĵѧϰţηչ׳Ұ˹壬Ѿһͼ
׵һʮӢˣһͷɫͷ̳˾µС˾µķɢ࣬ǳ͡
̫ˣǰ˹ֳһʮˣֻҪټȥҰ˹ؽΪֵһ壡
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СϢֻΪŷļ۷ߣû뵽˹Ȼһߣһǿ弶ߣ
֮У弶ѾǷǳµĴˣЩ߶ƿأҪԽ쾳ߺܶ࣬Ͼǵ츳ǿǽ֮ܿʼٿ
ȥһҪöúõĵһܲ˹򾿾ʲô͵ߣ
аԴ⣬һ·˵̸
ףҲܵĽʵ̫ˣÿһͻƵһļ۷Ѿ꣬ǵΪֹ޷ҵ弶ķҲȥˡ
εҡҡͷеĺƱҵһܺõĻᣬܳɵĻ˵ͻڵĵȼɹ뵽弶ߵС
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޼˵ѾѧҺŶȫ͹ά޵Ժ棬ֻҪĿбʳᾧ䣬ᾧİҾͿԿʼͻ弶ߵĵȼ
ᾧһİ취ǸѧҾȻа취ԽᾧȡͨʹãǸ˲õļһô㵽ڻûʳᾧ·
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773 ƻ
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ѾõϢȥʶ֪˹˹࣬ѶԸľߣҲߣ츳ǳһߣҲǹϵѶԸߡ
ߣ֪Ķȡĵ뷨˲Ϣ֮Ʊ˵뷨׵ĸıһˣʵĸıˣ֮ǰȫͨܽԷ֪׸ıˡ
û˻ڽֵʱһߣ߿ƻ﷽ûЩػ֮ǿ󣬵ڿķȴŵƣܶ˶ߣôĶ֪
ԷһͷͿֱӿʶĶ֣Լ򵥵һͷñĸԸɱǶôµܣ
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һ߻ܺöԸϾܵҲǺǿ󣬶Ըʶǿһ˻ûʲôãһ弶߾ԶԶô򵥵ˣԿļߣ
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Ҫ֪˹ǾһĴڣ˹Ϊ˹˹򣬲ֵļ֮һĻ»ҪǷȱһ㡣
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ҲˣȻһᣬӵб廹ǿʵ˺أ
׵ҲȤ˵
ʱУһȥĻ»ỵҵ飬Ǹ˲򵥣һȥ˵
˹ҡҡͷ˵
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׵Ϲɵĵ˵ͷûκζķϻ
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ںͷ˵⻰Ĺ˹ͻȻתͷһ۴⣬ü¶һ˿ɻ顣
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ҲֵĿһ۴⣬ԶѤĵƹ⣬ʲôҲֻкҹ˸΢΢Ĺ
ûʲôҲҸо˰ɡ
˹ֵҡҡͷתͷ˵֮ǰ飬еɻ֮ɫһֱû


774 Բ
ص˰ɭƵǴ뿪ķ䴰ģһݾϵ˶̹
ʲô飬
˯ڴͷ飬糾͵Ľˮûһڣֱ֪ͨ˹飬ʱֵʵ
һ˲õϢ˹ܲ򵥣ҪԸǣǱҪССģǶд鷳
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ƶʱȵķе飬ߵߡ
˵ʱſѾŵǶѾˡ

ü˶֮ŻһȦĿ˷˵ϣˣ֪˭㲼µĽˡ
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΢΢һ㶣û뵽ͻȻһ²ŻعʱɻĿ
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˹һ弶ߣ֯Ϊ㲼ԲĽ磬ֹй¶֯Ļܡ
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ٵ˵Щ˶ҵ֮֮ͱˣƲǶǱ֮Դﲼ˽磬˵κ飬Щ˲޷ڡ
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ҡҡͷһֺЧķЩԸΪַһЩۣй֮ɵʧַǷǳЧġ
֮ģȡ棬ȻΪЩǿԽӴ֯ĻܵһЩԲֽ硣
˵ͷ˵ЩϢǰ֪ˣֻǲ֪ص֮˭ôһ˵ʱƶϳ˹֮ΪԲĽ֯˲µġ
鷳ˣ˹׼ȥҶʿΪһֱûܴҶʿ׳龧䣬Թ˹׼ܿҶʿҶʿҵ龧һĻҶʿ˵Ҳûˡ
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˰֣ʱǲȥԸҶʿģΪѾҪȷûкܴвźðźļƻڿ쾿ҪôԸϺꡣ
֣ȻֱϺꣿ
Ʒüͷһ
弶ߣɲļߣʵкܴ࣬Ҫĳ⣬ǶǰﲻæģʱԷпܿǣɱʽĶʱǾ鷳ˡ
ҡҡͷȻûк弶߽֣ǹƾ֪һ弶߲ôöԸģһʮƵļƻС
˵ĲʱһǳҹǻǲǣôӰ쵽ңǣҵԶϱ۰ǣһֱڱϾңʱҲ鷳ԶԸϺ꣬һͿˡ
˵ͷʮͬ˵Ŀʱǳܵʱ˭Ҳ֪弶߾жôһĿˣʱɾͲһ鷳ˡ
ǿʲô
Ʒʵ
ʱʲôҪҺ˹ϺӴһ֮һôǺͰ˹һҲҪжǱҲڵȹ˹ҽӴ֮Ϣ
΢΢һ̣΢΢ҡҡͷ
һ֮ŸԻȥ˷ϢҲʼ̵ƴѵʱһȻҪʱָһˣȻָʲôĳ̶ȣһԱı»бҪġ
һҹʱܿ͹ȥˣڶһ磬ϴ֮һ¥ȥ˲ûдƣΪոսӵϢ˹ǸϺѾ˰ɭƵꡣ
ƱϾһսӴĲϣȻͨҪǿĶ࣬ڹ˹ֵȼǰǴӣ¹˹һͷ׵Ŀʱƾոٵ鷳
˲ֽ֮͵ر࣬ʱһˣ֮ÿһӶˣûһյӡ
۾һɨʱôһ£Ҳ֪˹˹ʲôˣʱһЦ΢΢ҡҡͷ
Ĺ˹ļ˼ƬƬһţ̣ĴѰһ󣬿Ѿûλãüͷһ֮ͳķ˹
ûֱӱߣȥˣòľܾ֮󣬸λѾԤˣһεĳӿ˹


775 н
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Ų̵Ĺ˹ߵߣǳò΢΢ʵ
Ȼ
װЩ̧ͷòһЦ
ǳл
˹ƵЦĶһߺһţ̣һ߼װҽй˹һǻ˰ɣ
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΢΢һЦ˵ֶȽƣ˵ѷǺ˻ձ˻ǻˣ֪ô֪ǻ˵ģ
˵ĺãձ˺ͺȻҲˣͬΪˣǵǷȱһʣһֻ崫ǧĵ̣ϢѾ裬һƾʷ׿ģµġ
˹ţ˵
˵ĺǸҵǲ޷ϸ΢Ĳࡣ
΢΢ҡҡͷȻһЦ
Ҫʱ䣬ͿԸоֲˣҲΪ㳣ڻģĶԼͬǣǣļǶĿˣǶЩϢӵһЩ
˹ʮȻĺղŵĻ⣬𽥵ǳòĴ
ôöԸģźۼӦ˹죬ȻһֱڲϵĻش˹⣬ʼǽϢصĵˮ©ͬҲûдӹ˹ϵõʲôõϢ
̸㽻̸һСʱʱ䣬ֵǿʼ̸֮󣬲˾Ϳʼ𽥵ɢȥһĹѾûʣ¼ˡ
Щ˶ǹ˹ŹռλˣȻѾˣЩȻûбҪˣʣµЩ˶ǰɭƵĿˡ
ĵķǳ죬Ȼ֪ʱ䣬´лᶨҪȥҵļһЩҪͲˡ
˹ǡôĿ˿ֱʱȵĺ˳òĸˡ
ȥĹ˹ǹһ˿΢Ц˹ĳʣµ緹ƵĻص¥ϵķ䡣
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ʱѾ˹ûȥ緹÷Ա͵˷ʱѾϴˣڴϥ
Ϻ꣬صĺûд׵ʲôõϢҴӷ֪ʵղ̽ûУҲˡ
΢΢һЦ˴˵ҵһջǾ弶ѾͨߴͬˣϵϢʮֵҲͨɢˣܸоϵۼһ𡣡
Īǽ׵弶ֵ֮
ƺŴ۾ʵ
Ҳ²Ҳˣ弶˵Ҳһˮ룬ż֮ǵʵᷢı仯
ĵ˵ͷ߲û弶ߣԶָߵȼҲûа취һϸ˽⣬һ߽׵߲УͿ˺Ʒ˭ͻˡ
߻ص˷֮Ǳ߹˹Ҳһӳ뿪ˣǷޡ˹׵ϵûй顣
ôףǸӴ֮оΣ
һ˹ϳ޾Ȳʵ
о֣һ㶼ûĵףϢͺͨ˲࣬ĸоͨûʲô𣬵ǰ˵Ȼһͨˣǽ̶ֳȣǿҪСˡ
˹ɻҡҡͷһ˼š
ףһ롣
޶һ£˵
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˹û̧ͷɶԳ˼ʵ
᲻ûʲôʵǱиˣֻǰһڻǵעǵľɢʵֻһն
ɻĿŹ˹˵
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û뵽˹˼ûУֱӾҡͷ˷޵뷨˵һײԲΪǿʵ֧ţԲغͳţһǱ;൱ǿֻص̫ˣûп
ԽǸˣĲҲԽǿôص
ЩţڵѾһƿļߵ۷徳磬ٽһ弶ߣһҲ޷Ѿʱ䣬ɺͷ
㻹ûе磬޷⣬ԴҲ֣ϸ۲ϵǷɢ
˹ŷ˵ϴʱȷûʲôϢǷ֪ǰһλʵ弶ߣĻΪײǸͨ˰ˡ
ҸоϵϢס
ҡҡͷ
Ͷˣ弶֮ڵȫŨһγһĽᾧŽᾧͰеֻҪ㽫ᾧ֮ڣôͲκεϢɢԱܹɨ衣
˹ͷ˵ҪĥľνȫһȻγɽᾧ״̬ʲôʱ̤һҲͽ弶ߵУһӶֻļ۷ǻǰ
Ҫһ㣬ף
Щյʵ
ԼģЩ⣬Ӵ̫˺£Щˣʼղܾȥİεˣͻúõɣϵ齻׵ϾͺˣѾӦˡ
˹ҡҡͷ˹Ҫһ弶ߣԴںֵеӰ
ǣף
޲Υ˹Ļڰ˹壬˹һĴڣ־κμ֮Υ
ʵϣԴӹ˹׵弶˹оҲûΥ˹־ˣҲ֪ǴҶѭ˹˹־ЩѾб˹ˣֻĻ
ÿһ㣬е˲Ǻֵһȼɭϵļ壬Щ뷨Ҳû˸˵ģڹ˹ǰܶ˲֪˹ܣȴ׹˹ǳĿ¡
£˹ǿڹ˹֮󣬰˹һԾ𣬳Ϊȫֵ֮һ˺ֵĻȨӵﵺΪפأԺ͹ٷ࿹⡣
ߣȥһش̣ˣ͢ǱߵĹϵҪһ²źá
˹һ֮󣬺ͷ˵һ˾̸ıǰеķ򣬳άǴȥˡ
ǸĵʱڰɭƵҲõϢǶ֪ͨģϾͷصĶ˵Ⲣʲô¡


776 ȡ
ȥά޵Ժ
ӵϢʱ򣬶ʱüͷĪǻͽ͢ʲôϵɣֵȻҲȫųĽ̻ϵһ𣿡
ǷǺڰôǺųʥĽ͢Ҳһ棬ֻǲ֪ˡ
һЦ
˵Ĳ
Цŵ˵ͷԸʲôʱ㱨
ֲͨһ绰˼֮Ǳ̴
Ѱ龧ļƻݻִһżƻ֮ڣҪмǱܿĿĹɶ˷ޡ˹⡣
ûʲô̫ķϻ򵥵һ仰Ͱ񽻴ȥ
ǣӳ
ǱߵڰµĸɽѰ龧˵绰֮ټʮԱ뿪˰µǰŷ޸ңץЩĿĹɶǡ
ЩɶǰѾϸĵ飬⼸ҲϾʱռǵϣǵϰߺ;סأ鸾м˽һ˷ޡ˹⣬ĹɶǶֻͨ˰ˡ
ȻЩɶҲӵбںͻŲֻͨ˵־רҵѵָ˵Ҫֱֵܼ
ҹһ߸ɶѾ֪ıĵ͵ڣڳһׯ԰ֻһ£ͷ˵Ҫٰһʢᣬ׼ǰװһ
ԷҲûʲôɣ˵ĽӹǮˡ
в˼ǱܿĿĹɶǣԲѵıȺׯ԰ĵڣȴǵǺԤԵδ

һͰˮͻȻͷϽһȺͷ˶İ׳ʱһ飬м˹û۾һƿڴ
쵰֪˭𣿡
ȻҰңǲ𣿡
ҾԲŹ㣡
Ÿٵһŭʱ谵ֳʪĵңһʱھͬгһ֡
ž
һذһĿĹâֱڵмһȺһ˶ʱƲͷȥı˫ۣڱյһƬͨ

ҵ۾
쵰һҪɱ㣡ҷģ˶ȥ
죡
ֻǼ̵֣ȴŲ˼ǵһƽվȺͷмǰƾ֣̼ڳ߸ȫ
ȻֻǴʱѾǸ߷αװĤղһѾȻų޿ɱĹЧԸЩץĹɶû׼úõĿ
ң
ƽĻ֮󣬵ŵ߸ɶʱ۾𽥵Ӧ˵ĵƹ֮Ƕʱס
㾿˭ȻҰôˣ֪˭𣿣
һ׳˶ͷʵһͷɫͷֻʱͷ𷢶ʪĴԴϣǳǱ
ϣ˹ʵҵܲã۳ڣͶ˹Ĺͷеϵṩǻľѣǲǣ
ȻĿǸ׳˵ǵϢҶָƣ鸾ֲصλãÿγɵأʵȥ鸾ȥˣˣ˼ҵʵҲ֪˵ô
㣡㵽˭
ϣ˹˵ĺһϣʱƾ˵ÿһ仰ʵ飬ɵһ˿־塣
Ҫһ㣬ҲǵĵˣҪǲҵĻǸӾǵ³
ӵһȦϵˣһ̽ڵҽƾ˹Ǹ⼣߰ߵӾôշɵǰȻ󾲾˰С
㣡ߣ
ϣ˹ɫһ䣬˵
ǲߣҶӵܹĨɱǵǵĲƸȨúõ
ƽ˵һߣǿӿǰӰ͵һֱӽƾһԭһһ˹ߵӣȻһȭͷ˶ٵ
һĻϣ˹һ˶ʱ۽Ǽһ׵ĽһΣֻҪһͷʱ䣬ǵûǸӽʵôһ£ķǳҡ
Ҫʲô
ϣ˹һ¿ˮǿԼĿǰƮڰеǸתƿʵ
ҵҪܼ򵥣ˣŵļǱܿĿĹɶ֮һҪǩһݺԼһǰͶʣ޳ĽĿڵṩĶš
һԵֽгһݵĺԼĻ˻ε
ⲻܣǴĿг룬һκεĶ
ɫҡҡͷ˵ıһ̷ӵ쾡£һ˵ҪǵȨ棬Ȼ֮⡣
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ڱǿѹţϣ˹ӶʼǺҲյ谭һʱһƽĸо
ڣѡһΣӴļҲôǰҪǱܿĿ棬Ҵ𰸡
ǰɫԽԽǺϣ˹˹˵һ仰˵꣬ϣ˹ɫѾʼˡ
һɣڵϣ˹ʱֱˤ˵ҼӲĵ֮ϣ˵һ졣
˲ûش⣬ڴϣ˹æڴڵĺſⱲӶûмɵĺ;еȨֱڲ֪ϧ
ңĴ𰸡
Ļƽ𣬵Ƕϣ˹˵ȴ··ٲһͻͷ­
ҷҷǱĿеҶԷļҿھǩ̾ǩ𣡡
һĻϣ˹˳·һӣͻʧһ
ܺãأ
ĵ˵ͷתͷļλɶ
ҲԸ⣡
Щɶϣ˹֮ﻹвηģǿֻͨ˶ѣȻȨƺͲƸʱû˻᲻£˵ıԣηһûʲôɳܵġ
ݵļЩɶһǩ֮ϸļһ飬Щͬ
ðһ䣬׼Ͱ˹Ŀ𣿡
ʱһֱڵϵϣ˹ͻȻʵ
Ϊʲôôʣ
Ʋϣ˹һۣĮŵϣ˹ɵ˼£ȻղŵһĻˡ


777 
ڲ֮ǰ˹ҲҹǣҪĿջأҪһҸϳĿ飬Ŀ鵱ҳģռ˾ԵƣǱпܰ⵹ҡ
ϣ˹ٵ˵ʱʹӦ˰˹αļһıĿĹɷռ߷Ժûͨ顣
֪ҾΪŷޣޡ˹Ȼˣ飬ҲòȥܿԸ߰˹Сһ㣬ҵĶɲôģȻѾ֣ǾҪöֵ׼
ɭȻһЦһĨ⡣
ǻ˰ɣ
ϣ˹˿»֪˹ŷ޾еǿǵﲻˣǼĿ飬ҲֻǸ˹ӶѣṩһЩоҪ豸ʵĿˣǰ˹塣
Σ
ޱʵ
ŷ޺Ͱ˹ԣɲһǵ飬Ȼ㿴ҲǸͨˣʵǿӣǰ˹ĸҲ٣˵˹кܶߣͽ̻ĸ߲ϵ
ϣ˹ҡҡͷʵ֮ôɴǩĺԼ˵ʵúͰ˹嶷ΪǶǿ϶Źģǩĺͬʱһ䵽˹С
ǺǣǾͲòˣȥǵӣҺͰ˹֮飬ǿԲֵģЩǮ׬׬ֵġ
һЦһξʧ˵ڣڳûһʧٵģһ֮󣬲ȷѾ뿪ˡ
Ż⿪˶ԷϰŵӣһȺŷĶ⸻ǲ߳˵ңŷǾȻѾǣεĿЦһѾԶĵףڲᡣ
֪ͨԵ֮ϣ˹ߵһԣͳ绰˷ޡ˹
ϣ˹ôʲô£
ں͹˹̸ķЩõĽ˵绰
˹Һλɶǵһׯ԰ǲԼģǱص˽ٳֵղһĵ˱ǩ˺ͬĿе棬ȫתøҡ
ϣ˹ٵĽղŵ˵һߡ
ʲô
ɳϵķ޶ʱվһԵĹ˹ǻƽֻ΢΢̧ͷһ۷ޣԻĵˣǸ˳ʲôģ
ϣ˹òһȻ˵αװ֮ģȡı˵˳
ʹܣԻģ
ֵĵ߶һȻȥɣǲùˣȵϵǡ
Ҷ˵绰֮󣬷Щɻϣ˹ĻЩԺĵ˶ʹܣ繫ϵĳʶǻѪӵѪͳſԣͬ޷һ
ֵĽ޾ͬһȷĸң׵ĸ˿
ϣ˹˵ǸˣҲ²ʹαװһļܣʹļܣ϶ǴѪĻˡ
˹򻺻ҡҡͷû뵽ԷȻΪǿˣǵץʱжˣԼĵϣҪǱԷռȻȥҪ˿ǰ˹Цˡ
״
޿Ź˹򹧾ʵ
Ǿȥά޵ԺǸҶģᾧǴõģֻҪ֪ᾧ䣬ĿǲҪҲգϾĵĶᾧûᾧʲôҲ
˹վеľһ
ã͹ȥ
޶ʱվĿ˽Զȹ˹ö࣬Ȼ֪ʲôӦȡʲôӦ÷
뿪ﵺû֪ͨˣֱӿһ뿪ˡ
ӵ뿪֮ûлصɭƵֱ꣬Ӵȥά޵ԺѾõйɶĹȨѾ˾Եƣǵ˽ҶĵȿѧҾȳʱˡ
ڰ˹У˵ʼһ⣬жЩŲ㣬ڼȻѾϣ˹еĹȨȻҪںͰ˹תȦȦϷˡ
·֪ͨ˶ȥӦ˱·ϵά޵Ժ
ʱ޵ԺѾһƬžƹⶼȫϨˣһѾȻ޵Ժڡ
ҹ޵Ժڣ˼ҹ⣬ѾϢˣһӵʱ䣬Ѿ˺ǸСԺҵ˹ѺҶĵȿѧҵķ䣬ʱҶĵɻڻš
ֽһʮ̻˵ؿڣĹЩԵ˾Ѿȫ˹
Ҷ⣬һ֮󣬷ĵطԣ̾ҪʼĺһĽֱӷеѨûڵʱ˺һ
ҶҪ˵ҵˣǵģ֮ǰѾҶʿ˵ˣǲμӾƻʱ򣬶˹ˣҵ˾ӦǾ͸뿪ȥɰţ˵Ļ͵ͷ
ٵ˵ԼĽһ
ô˵Ŀѧ̿һҶģҶĶǿ϶ĵ˵ͷ֮ǶʱҲͷʾס
ܺãһ⿪˵Ǿ˳һֱǰߣ˺ŵʱȻ˽ӦǣǧҪ
ʶȫƷɵѾСԺĺţַ̻һ⿪˵Ѩ
轣һ̾һƬƬĿȥҲ죬էţȵ۵ʱǰĸѾ㹻һͨеķ϶ĸˡ
һߣ
ҶһСʵ
ߣҵ󣬷ֹͻȻ顣
Цҡҡͷ
Ҳãעⰲȫ
Ҷûԥ˵ͷ̾뿪ң֪Ѿ쾳ĸ֣ʵԴĦģֻ鷳Щ뿪ȽϺá
һע޵ԺĶһ߹עҶĵ˵Ķʱֹ߳
ⲢֹģԺﲢûпƣҲͦڵģһȺѧĨ·ʲôⲻŲӵĹʹһॵ죬Ȼʲôˡ
һȺѧǶʱŵĺһϣվﲻҶסκεĶ
վˣȥţ
ڴҾʧʱͻȻڶ𣬾ûпˣǶϵʱһٶ̳Ժӵĺ˹ȥ
ʱԺӵǰŴͻȻϸϸĽŲվںڰе΢΢һƾʧ


778 ٰ
ʧ֮һӰٵ˽һϮϵصĺɫۣͷҲͷά޵Ժ⸱ˣȻǸŮ
ֻŮ߽˳ȣû˿ԥֱӳǸѺҶĵ˵ķ˹ȥȻŮ֪˵ģ˷֮˷ĵƣȻҶѾˣǽҸĸҲѾгһӡ
һ˿𾪵ɫŮ̴ӳ˳һֻȻҪ绰ˡ
˵ʱʱ죬Ů绰˳ȥûнͨʱһӰͻȻ֣һѾͽŮеֻ˹ȥֱеĵ绰ʧˣŮӳ˹
һǰͻȻתһóͻȻ֣˹ȥһȴˣΪǿտҲûκ˳ֹļ
ŮֳһѷĳذעΧ֮ʱһֻͻȻ侾סĳۺһͽˤǰҶĵ˵ҡ
أ
һ죬Ůݺݵײǽ֮󷴵˵ϣֵǺݣһվ
ϾղҲֻˤһ£ûʹ书һ¶ͨ˵ЩʹǶŮ˵ȻûʲôʵԵ˺ӸղŮĶȻǸӡ
ûŮڸӦĲ˵ŮҪôǻûнӴľ磬Ҫôһز¶ĸ֣Ȼǲܵ飬Ϊĸֲᱻץס˦ȥ
㣿
ʱֵòѾʹαװ֮ģǰŮϲһˡ
˭ﲻĵط
ŮĿеĳذֱǰ콫ƸߵŮҲһֱźԺˡ
ά޵ԺһʥأǾȻǷˣϵʥĹ𣿡
٩һЦ
ôƺ޹أǸˣֲܣЩǲǱˣ
ŮûĻֱ˵ʵ
ȷҾߵģǼȻİŵˣѵΪûУ
ҡҡͷ׼˵ЩʲôֻͻȻһ룬Ů֮ǰǸ룬ϰ绰ˡ
ЦŰ˽ʲôû˵Ǳ̴һӵһ֪˭ˣǰ˹ķޡ
ٰȣʲô飿
绰ͷûʲô޶ʱɻһ䣬ղٰȴʱͻȻ͹ˣֲŻز˹ȥǱߺҲû˽ӡ
ཡ
һ仰û˵绰ͷʹཱུĹһȻԷѾҶ˵绰
ԭٰȣǸ֣ϧŮ·ŵȷʵһЫĳϵѡͽ
Ҷ˵绰һ󣬶ʱֻ׵飬һƬһԡ
֪ղŴ绰˭𣿵ǣŷһ춼ȥ
ŮٰȶݺݵĿ
֪˭ޡ˹˹Ķ˹ŷ޵ʵʮֵӴ󣬲Σ
һʼı˹Ϣٰһ󷢴һ䣬ٰȳ׵Ļˡ
һں˹ˣһССŮܹǵ
ԣ⣡
ڷߵĹ˹ͻȻоһ˵ȸϹȥ͵ܳˣ
˵겻ȷ޻شһѾӳֱ˳ȥʧټҲӰ
Ҳ˲Ŀˣֱӽһȣ̷һ̥ڵĦһ̣Ҳһ̵ʧ˽ֵľͷԼﴫһ̶̥Ħ
㱳жǿʵŷﰣ˹壬һǵѡ񣡡
ٰȻĽҿͷŵͷ¶һͷٲĽɫ
ڵǹɣûϵҾţҪģܾôˣԺŻŷ޻ȥ
νһЦںٰʱ䣬ҪȷǹģΪļƻУ֪˹Ҷѯ龧䡣
⻰ٰһ㶣û뵽ԷȻеȰ˹˹Ĵ㣬⵹һӵļƻȫʧЧˣֻܽıͣǽվһĵŰ˹˹
Ҫ˵ٰȳĵǲŷ˵ʮӣ۾ʮֵˮ飬Ҳܺƣٴһ˸оһݵζ棬оõ÷ִ½ƽʱͷԲôĳ
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ٰû˵ôվĿڿһһûκεĲ
ݵһ죬һӰͻأĳҵſڣʱ泯ٰվţźš
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˭ǰ˹ĺѣǺȻѾˣǰ˹ȱǣȻҪȡе棿
תѾ֪˭ˣȥϸˣҲǰ˹Ȩˡ˹
㣬Ǹץסϣ˹ˣ
תʮ˹һû뵽ǰľȻһˣʱ뵽˲֮ǰ޽ֵĵ绰ƺŽϣ˹˱һˡ
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˹ɫһ̷һصͷ·۾һһ۾Ҫɵĸо
ûܵʲôӰ죬۾ͬķһâ̾͵˹˹Ӱ
弶ߣȻ鴫ȻܹԶҲһӰ죬Դľ磬㲼ˡ
˵ͷҲһ˿죬˹ľܾȻԶһӰ죬ЩԾˡ
Ҫ֪Ȼڶٵʱʧ˾󲿷֣ʣ֮ڵϵ˵ҲǷǳǿˣ˵ûκһ˿Աȵ֮
ǹ˹ȻԵĺһ֮꣬ͷţԴܵ˺


779 
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֪ʱĹ˹ҲһκˣΪղǸ۾ļܣȻƵᣬûʲôرĵطȴǹ˹ѹ׵֮һԳ䲻Ƶġ
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ȡŵĶȵõһθڹܲܳԵȥʱ˻֪
Ȼ˵ʲô˹壬һ㶼ںǿʵҲûǿܹȾָĵĳ̶ȡ
˵ĺãǻоŻ֪ηȷǶǰ˹˽̫ˣڻǿĺ̨ﶼûõģֻԼ
˹Цݽ۾ʼıɫ˿˿ƵǹһĹ۾￪ʼɢ˳Ϊء
ⲻһվ𣿡
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䣬һʧԭأʧ֮ǰһݵĻվٰȣһԵĵȥֱӻԲѵ˵ϡ
˾˵ٶȣ˹ûоţóⲫһսƲõ
Ȼ۸ٶȣǹ˹ľȴǿԲ׽ӰҾٶȾͱֻ࣬һͷܵĻ̸ıˣ˲Ϣ֮ͱһƬɭ֣деĲ
ɲǼ򵥵Ļ׵ľͿƽģһֵ֮ǿ֮ˣľľ󣬺ͨľûκε𣬵һ֮ڣͻܵ˹֮Ӱ죬ǳĻþ
弶Ĺ˹ΧƽķΧ˵൱ʵʵȻǿָĵطڵ̫ǿѾļСķΧ
ֻмӰĳ̶ȣΧֲ̫СΪٶ̫죬ΧСĻпӦ
һʵǿĹߣ˹ηҲ֪óļǽ񶷣ϣ̾ͽķΧڣǵ͵ߵսʽʩչԼó
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ԽǸӵ£貨΢ܷƣΪ貨΢óСΧڵתŲ֮Ȼ±ֱٶͬޱȣǱóĵطȴûκεĸı䣬Ǳøӵǿ
û뵽˹ȻصȻʩչһþڣղһСľֱǸþ֮ڣüıȽϿ죬ֲ֮һֻṳ̂þĽֹסΣӲŤת˷
ֻǸһ֮ңվ˻þıԵֻҪǰһͻֱ̤뻷֮УԼһ˹ľ룬طֱһþȻ˴Լƽĵط
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ȻҪ˵ıȽϣ˹ȻǲܺЩĻȵģ˵߾Ļ֣ѾԽе绯Ϊʵʵ֮ʵ֮ʵཻиɻ
úʵϵıȥʵԱãҲ˲仯ΪʵҪƳֵȼĻþѾϲܵ飬дﵽ־Ļֻڣ˵Ҫһ˶Ҫӵĸ߶֮󣬲пĻ
ûʵõĻĻǵʵҲǲСģյĶһ򣬽˶ֱֽУԶĻþ֮ڣ˹Ȼһġ
ʱҲ͵Ļ֣ЩóȻЩóľÿһֻ˷ʤֿҪḻ֪ʶҪǿһþ֮У԰Ρ
ҺóԾûʶʩչĻǴŵԭǲģʵҲû̫η壬ϸ˼һ֮󣬹ϵǰһһ̤˹˹֮С
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˹жʱѾ̤һ˲䣬ѾӦˣ֮ǰһһһͷʱҲӦˣǸʱæǴһ
˸ƶʱ򣬾Ȼɵת򣬿һֻ̤֮ǰӲŤתǰеķ򣬾ôıԵȥˡ


780 
ĸ߳ù˹ָӵľӽߣôûκӮϣĽսֱͬеӤѾǽɵ˶ѡˡ
ΨһʤĻᣬľֻ֣һ꣬ŻлὫأ
¼֮ڣ˹򼤶˫ֶʼ΢΢ѾʮʱˣûĶ֣ԶѾ˻ѪһʲôĸоȻ΢΢Щ
ǵһһͬǿ֣ǲͨߣһںڰеʦóʹúڰʮֵѲͬʱͨҩͷ֮ͻȻס˶ֵ꣬һսʤδ֪
˼ЩƮԶˣ˹Ͻ˻ԴѸٵĻعʱѾվıԵֻѾֻվûжѡ
һζѾ˹˹µĻþ֮УʱѾԵĴˣһжڹ˹Ŀ֮Уĸķöȥ·֪ߡ
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һķΧͷǰľɫͻȻˣѾڵĳһƬдеɭ֣֦ҶïĲΧĹľʱʱĻһֻСϤϤܹ
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ǰ˼ļУȵĺ򳤶ֻңķǶųȣֻҪͿײȶǽڣѾʮˣȴûκζ
ڻþ֮УȷʵһֱǰֱߣʵУ˹˻þķʹһֱڲͣԭתȦȴû˿ĲΪԼڲֱͣȥ
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УӴڶɫɫĻЩȻʩչַ̬ͬƳķȴмֹͬķ
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ֻҪܹƣôȻͿƳ˹ĻӶع鵽ʵ֮С
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˹򾪺ĵɴ˫ۣû뵽ᣬȻӵǿֱǺš
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̧ۿһΧĻþ΢΢һ˿ȣ˫һУֱӽɫ׵˰С
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ЩĴζ֮һκˮӹ˹ĶͷĵĻ䣬һʼ֪ʲôǵȵ֮ʱ˹̰һպͽթ
ԭЩ֮ͷų֮֮ԲĴĺεΪľĹ˹֮Ҳʩչ
ֻһеʱȻһֱǰߣʵʵķһֱڱ˹򲻶ϵĸı䣬ȦȦԼĸоֱ߰ˡ
ڰеǸͻȻͷų˶֮Щ֮ºҵζôÿһ֮·߶ҪпƣͿƾЩ֮ߵ·ߣ׵̽ʵĻֲ
ԵµĽǹ˹򲻵òЩ֮Ҳʼʩӻþֹ֮֮룬ֻǽĻþγɣǶԻþĿʩӿƣ˳ŷһֱ߻ߵˣͿֱ뿪þ
һǹ˹þȱ֮һû˷ֹбֵĶն˹˹ϣҲôþȱݵġ
һ߽ĶЩ֮ʩչþ˹һҧгݵĿɵվԭصԴҲ벻ףôôͿƻþ㣬Ȼ֢ҩƳİ취
㲻ֱƳ˻þǶԹ˹ȴдˣֻһʩӻþͬʱʮ֮ҲʩӻþĵǴӡ
ǰˬѣģǸľ飬ƶϹ˹϶ǿ󣬱Ͼ˹Ϊ
Ȼ弶ڵѾ˲øˣУּʵò֣ǿӵԺǿռֵ磬ȫǵϵ֮˿ġ
ǵһ㣬̾뵽˸ղŵķԲǰһĻ


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һֱԭصûƶȴѾĬĬļÿһι˹ʧʱ֮ķλٳɶ֮ڽĵĲˣֻһطе֮ûп
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ڹ˹۾񡢼оԸʱȴĴζ֮Щ峤һ׶ĻɫСҵ䣬Ѿȫ۵˹˹򸽽λãһӵʱڣʮ֮Ѿ˶Թ˹ĺΧ
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ڹһ˲䣬ΧڸЩ̼֮屬ը˿޴˲͵ƽΧһУܵ˾ҵĳֱ֮һ˲ʧˣΧʵĻ
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˹ܲνǿǿҲ֮ˣ޽ģֻбͿһ;
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ǰŸߣԶž˸˹
һֳˣȲά޵ԺˣҲάǴõˣǽڹ˹󵽴ķޡ˹ֳʱѾһƬǽ壬Ƕѵǽںʹ׵ݶмһƬ޴Ŀյأнƽס
üͷķޡ˹ܵҪҵһЩĺۼ֤ݣֳٻ̫ǷɽשͻҳʲôҲ޷
ʱԶ˸˹Щ˶ſĳۣЩͷͷȻŮЩûУЩ񸸣涼޵Ժʹõˣǲ޴ĶʱԶ˹
ͷһش̣ʵǿԸΪѸ١
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ޣ⵽ôһ£ѵǰ˹壬Ѿ׼ͽ͢ս𣿣
ش̵ǿӲκε½͢飬˵ص衣
ش̣鲢ҵĴҲǸոֻҪӦһϢӦ֪һ㡣
ޡ˹Եĺƽûκεĳ嶯ȻҲ֪ʲô飬Ƕش̣Ǳء
һأȻǲںģرվŵ͢Ͳòˣ˹ǿҲûǿԺͽ͢ĳ̶ȡ
ǿѾ˽ǧ겻ǿӵеǷǳ˵ġ


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ֻҪ˶֮󣬿жǻһϢһʱ֮Żɢƾһ㣬ܶʱͿԲ׽һЩʮõѶϢ
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ޡ˹شĵˮ©ûٰȣƲǲ֪ߵҲſںһ
вǿľһɺܲѰϢƺǻǱĹʮֵǿңޱȸ͵ϢܴƺǶǱ书
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΢΢һ񶨵ʱ̸ĿˣϾ˹ֻҪһ飬׾ͻᷢ⣬ɲΪּ򵥵֮ᡣ
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˵겻ȷޡ˹ʲôӦӰͻȻһĹ㣬ʧӰ١
ӵʱ䣬ΧֱĿտҲˣֻʣ˷ޡ˹һ˻վ
ͷķޡ˹һ˿Ĺâ֪ʲôĺһ֮һʧ޵Ժڣ֪ȥ
ʱ޵Ժ幫һ·Ź˹ϢվŶƽĿ޵Ժķ
ǵԶͶĹӰҲֻǲ֪һžʲôϾŽ幫·;ӰͶķǿˣƺǴٸԳͶġ
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ЦһԲѵĹ˹һ˾ʧŶ
ڶһ磬Ʒɵ˾ۼʱ̾Ϳɳһ㲵ͷͷıϣȻԵõĺ衣
ףͷôе죿
ƷһƨĶ棬һŷͷʮֵ죬ƺһһ룬̾ȵĵɴ˫ָۣƵĵĲסǸͷķ򣬡⣬⣬⣬ⲻǹ˹𣿣
ȷǹ˹ѧȫϣ
һ죬װ̷һâŹ˹һɨݿȶԳϢȷͷ弶߹˹
Ȼѹ˹ץˣ
ƷЩŵĿʵһ弶ߣȻûֱӽֹ߱ǳѲȻƻ󣬵ܵĹȴǹϵģﵽ弶֮ж£Ǿһ󼹱䡣
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783 ˹֮
Ʒɼȥ˵ʱ򣬵ڻڼһҲͲŸ˼Сʱôʱ䣬Ȼͽһ弶߻׽˻ֱƷɵЩ˼顣
֪ܹ˹Ĺ̲ʮӶӶᾪĵ
ͷôо͸ͨһ
ƷϸĸӦһ˹ϵϢɻʵ
弶ߣ֮ǰѾͬڵȫ۳һģе洢֮УҪõʱŻȡƽʱһ㶼ɢҪӦ弶ϵϢǱȽѵġ
ҡҡͷƽʱ򣬹˹ǰҲһ弶ߣΪѾҷϳˣıһͨˡ
ʲôˣ
ƷɾȵĿһ
Ȼ弶ߣֻҪѹҲһͷͿԿˣʱɾͲôˣҾڻʱ˳ϳˣһͨͷ
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ʵֻǷϳ˹˹ܣͬʱڵȫ˹֮ǰûñڤʱ򻨷һʱĥٶһЩҲˡ
Ϊһǿ弶ߣ˹ڵʮֳģʩչȫټϺͷʮСڵεԸĹ˹ڵ֮࣬ɼ֮ǿ
һʩչɱﵣ֤˹˹Ҳû׼·ˣѹ׵Ը˹ҲԤ֮С
˹˹ĳɵõֻңҲٳɶ࣬Ļȥһﵽ쾳ļޣȻͻƵһ統С
ΪҪͻƵڵˣڵ̫ˣòڵõ龧֮ǰ취ڵ
ͻƽڵʱҪɲһĶ࣬ҲΪʲô֮ǰôϵͻʧܵԭǵ˲Ϊ粻ֻǵΪ֧Žɽ𵤣ա
ȷ֪㣬ھѾʼ׼˵ǿ϶ûκģΨһĳ
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һԲֱ˴ǰȱһСĴʳָŶͷһ΢ӿʩչʲôܡ
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Ʒɶʱֵʵ͢Ͱ˹ʲôԹ
ʱɱ˹˹Ȼ޻ҵͷϣ˿ŨĹϢԺϢһ㷨ٰ׳գһҲǿĳģΪʲôأ
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һΣ˭飬Ƕֻлûкôעһܱߵܲܲ鵽ʲôǵͷϣȥδҲ̫û־ˣȻŷޣСһĻûʲôġ
˵ͷԸ˶䣬û˵ֻǵͷʾˣ۾΢΢ȻѾȥѲ鸽ˡ
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뿪Һͱˡ
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ǻؼˣҲ˵ŵˣΪʲôҪôţ
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һޡ˹ǿȻûк֣ǸѾУҲ˲ʶжôǿȻкĶֻ֣ǿаеķŭ

ĵ˵ͷ߽ǼŹ˹ʬķ䣬ޡ˹ǽһͬ˽ȥ
㸸׵ʱҵߣһɫĹԶֱӶ࣬һȵĻᶼûУźǿĹϢҲ˵˭ģֻܸ㣬㸸ײҵС
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ڹ˹ؿǸȭͷ˿ڴһ󣬷Ҳо˿вǿҵĹϢ
˵ҸǱһɫĹԶɱģ
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ۼǵԲϳҲŵĵһǵλãʮϵľ룬ʩչһеʵǿҲ֪ǰ˹˭ҲûȤЩֻҪĿˡ
˵ͷܿ϶˵
Ŀͬ⳷еĹɷ޳תøš
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ЩǿεĵطΪһǿ߿Զʱھͱĺǿ󣬵ͬһǿˣе̾ͻһǧɡ
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ȷʵ֪ɱҸ׵ˣӦǽ͢к´̼ĸ֡
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ҲãǾͿʼǩЭɡ
ʹ˸ɫ˳ȥýһݺԼޡ˹
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̾˿εҡҡͷ
鷳ǿ϶Сģ˹ǿʱ򣬲˶Ŀˣ˹ȻҪЩ˵ŭͱͿޡ˹ܲܶסЩˣǱϾǺֵ壬ѵʱҲ᲻Ųʵġ
΢΢һЦƵ㷢˵
ߵѾ˽ᣬǽҪô죿ѾĲˣҪǾȥĽڰɣ
Цס֣һ߳˷䡣


785 Ϣ
磬һ˷뿪ɻǰ¹ĽڣŵļǱܿʵҾĽڡ
ȻѾĿ飬ȻҪȥǱ߿һ˳ҲҶĲɼһȥоǱܿҲֻǼһ屾;еҪգʱĿ޺ĥǾûпܵġ
һҲо֮󣬻֮˵ĵλвûоѵǱܿҲֻܸɸҪһȫ췽ҹ̷
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ǱֻܿǽǱܿѣûн̻ȥʹЩοЩʧǳڣʵоûʲôʵЧ
ȥ׶صĲǵֻĿݣΪҶзֿԸϸĻ
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ܶƷʵα겻αԴûеõ׵ľΣԻߵĲҲʼղ᳹׵Ŀֻнϸ׵ĸԭǲջָ
˵̨֮ʱȤȻʹôططҲǺܴģ˵ʩչʱģǶԻڲƣͬҪӴԽԶԸĲ֢ͻԽ
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һԵ龧ĵطǺȤģΪ˵žдĴڣЩ龧̺Ŵ־ƷҲܹγ龧Ѿ˵ƬطҪطӵʺ
ǱоλĽڶһׯ԰ڣΧķΧ˿ʼ䣬űĹӶͱǣЩȻǲ֪ϲı䶯ֻǾְصĿׯ԰
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һ˵ׯ԰ʱҶѾվſӭˣȳҶһ˾Ѿڣ۵һ·ҲĻʲô⣬ЩѧǻҪ豸оָ
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ҶĴƺһȦϵĽһĿͳԱиŵԱڼŵܲͻȻãЩоԱûһ˷ܣɱŸ߶ȵļԣ˶עеоĿûйĹעƣֳ൱ߵרҵԡ
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ҶĽһĵΪǱһĵľüλоԱľ׵ǵ̾ͽˣӮ˺ܶ˵ĺøУһλоԱ׷лˣҪʮĻ϶Ҳܲʿĵġ
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ܲʿˣƻȽأ⼸һֱҽԺ֢໤ڣǿܲʿ˵ģ޷ȬҲȶһĲ飬龧ѾûˣԻҲ޷ת
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һǺֻǴ˵˺ʲôײˣʱܲʿоһ¾ͳ飬һ˴绰֪ͨǣ˵ܲʿҪһʱ䣬ǸʱҵĿպ˵üĿ龧ڵĹˣûܰܲʿʲôæ
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оڵׯ԰ҽԺʮ๫ļʻ֮£˺ܿ͸ϵҽԺʮӣѾͣҽԺſڡ
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ĴطǵĴУԵʱ۷ҽҲ޷κʫڵĹֲֲֹһʱͻᷢÿηʱʫ϶ʹʫڵĹֲʱԽԽ̣岻òʼ͸֧Ϊʫѹƹֲ
֮ӵģΪʫˣڵƸ𽥵ļأȻΪ;ҽֶ֧һʱ䣬ǱϾԽԽѾ޷ѹʫڵˡ
ʫϱϵʱ޷ʮģΪȣӲǽӳڣһʩȵʱȫʫڵĹֲӡ㹻֤ʫʮ
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ϰôطʱʫҲǺܸ˵ģҪ߶߽׵طҪߵΪ֧֣ʱѾǸСгɾ͵ĸ֣Ǿ߶㶥طһңԶľ룬ʫϲܽеĶעѹϣԹϵȥĽڴѧ졣
ڵĹѾԳŴ߶طˣ׼ʫϻ֮ΪƣµѾʮֵ⣬ΪʫڵĹֲǣ£Ѿȫ濪ʼˣȫľ𽥵ήอҲʼʧȥ
˵ڵʫѾһӽԵˣֻǻûߵһѡ
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ǿֽģʲôҲûдĴ˲š
ϣҽסĵطҹֵ˾㣬Ϊʫûôܵ
һһɿµ̴ڶ˲ͽڣ޴ѹѹȵ˽ˣֱײ˲͸ĲǽϣһʱЩ

ȻûиоϵʲôµĵطǺεȵıѩֻͻȻı仯Ϳˣ϶Ƕ˳ˡ
ΪĿǿƱʱ˿ûӰ쵽ߵƺʫϣŮ˶ֻͨ˰ˣһʱ䣬һʱ裬ҲǱͨ΢ǿôһѣ޷ǿѹȡ
ԭϳˣܺã֮ǿӦѾ쾳벻Ѿ쾳Ǻη
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֮ڿ˿Цſһ۵ʶʫ֮ǰʶˣҽѸ»ŵʱ϶ңʫѹĻһʾ֪ˡ

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嵱û˵ĻӦÿκʫڵĹֲΪյشΪȶƻ˾޴ľ¶ʫڵĹֲΪһе׶Ϊʥҩ̰ҪõĴط
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֮ҲһЩ䣬ЩһЩӳ˵ԪЩԪͻƣΪЩб̺ľҲǵ͸˼õЩˣͿͻԪﵽٵá
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ҡҡͷ˺ܳʱȥо뵤Ҳŷ֣뵤ƵҩһҩǵûеĶֶƾҩģǾ޷Ƴ뵤ҩġ
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֪ǸŨȵĲͬԷֳɺܶȼŨԽߣȻԽʺ棬ߵǾǾżǣϵŨѾҺ۶ܿ˿˿ƮҺ̬ſھѾЩ֮
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Ҷϵ·쵽֮ϣҶһҪı־˵ĻᵽƬɫҶ϶Ҷ
ֻһƬɫҶҲԪһǧϣ䣬궼Եһʵ㣬ʵ̫ѾžżǵʧһΪеĴ˵
ڸѾʥҩҩĹ뵤ȴֻʮԪ
ʮԪҲһͨ˵ѾܳˣǶһ˵һߵȼߣֱһգ۵飬һչؾǧ꣬ʮ겻ǵָһӼ䡣
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ڶʢʱڻõǸ˼ǣÿһ飬棬͸ǲ̸ˣ츳ʶԶȼǡ
ֻΪϲܶ飬ֻǸϵе飬ûнЩγһǿҲΪĺô
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ѾһˣȺڸߵȼ߾ֻжɽˣɽڵһ㲻統УΪѾҪ׼ָĶ׼ɽ٣һɹͻһڣʣµǵȴɽˡ
Уƽܹ߾߸־Ǻڵĸˣܹǧ֮ڵˣÿһϾȻԵ˶ֱһ˼顣
ΪЩ飬ԲŶеĲ;ȣ˿ܸûʲôоôඥѧѾЩѧѾﵽ˼ĳ̶ȣȫһеѧˣֻǴ̫ƽӹ޷Щ书ľڡ
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Ȼͬǽ׵˽ڣʱѶҪ򵥺ܶģԽǸ߼ǣԽףΧŨ֧ţߵʵҲԷӵĸǿ
һֻ߲ԷҲʮҪģϵ֮ˣ֮ʲô֪ģһȷĸûУΪŨѾ޷Խ幥ѡ
֮У˵ںڵˣո磬ʹóһЩķ絶ȵԶĹϲͬĹܷӳҲźܴĲࡣ
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֪͸¶ϢȻ˶ĶЩʱ֪Ҳһָ֣ٸΪƬҶ뵽˶⣬֪˹뵤ʹҶҲʲôĵطΪͲ֪ʲô
һĬҲı죬ƣǲʱˣֻǰߡ
˵֪֮Ϣۺϸ˼һԽԽõһʲô˵ܣֻʱ޷֪⾿ʲôأΪõϢʮֵޣֻ˵Բеô򵥡
뵤䷽㻹ǵ𣿡
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ţǵǼǵãûʲôãֽɫҶҲҲˣ뵤޷Ƴġ
΢΢һ㶣ŷӦ˹
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ǵ򣬲û֪Ժне֪Щ񻰹зݵصɣ֪һ˵Ĵڡ
ҲΪ뵽ž뵽飬һûƺڵϢʹŨĲɣϢСй¶һ˿űӦˣƽʱ򣬸޷ӦصϢ
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ڻµʱҲˣҽˣطҽص䣬ڵȫ²ȶܱܲ۷徳绹˵顣
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֪֮Խʫ͵ҽԺΪҽԺڽ̻ᣬղһ¥ӦпܶŮɣ
ҡҡͷ̻ŷ޵ǷǳǿģǾκ˽Զ䣬ڼ̤ǵϣһ飬̻ᶼǲݵĻڷĽȫĵط
Ȼ濴һЩŮûион̻ĸ򣬶һʵǿ˵ɲںЩͬһֽģĵʫϣ̻ûʲô֤ݵ£Ҳֻ֮ܲˡ
ЩϾ漰ʫϵ飬޷⡣
ΪʲôҲԭҲԱܹҽԺĹԱĵǾԲܴҵǰϢĴʫϣҵʵѾǰǹǾĻûģֻҪǸҾͻִ󡣡
ֱ˵˵ﲻԶһãĽʥ´ãһλ´̼Ľ̻򡣡
ԭˣ벻ĴþȻк´̼ĸĽﶼû´̡
һ˿ȣû뵽ʥ´þȻк´̼ĸѹָѡҽԺʫƣĿǰ˵ȷ˵ĵطĵطˣӹʥҩ׷ɱ
Ҳȥȷǽ̻ã̻ĸɶٸԳڣ˵ȫûһ̶ֳ֯ܲȵķ̵ͽǶӽõĵطΪ֡
˵ʥ´һν̻ʣһֱк´ʾʥ´õأĵطͽܼ򣬷һǲк´ġ
Ȼһν̻ʣ
ĽУԽԽˣ̻ʿǽ̻Ľˣһ˿Ǹλõģܹһν̻ʣһЩصĵط
ʱ򣬸˵ͻȻعͷȥһ͵˴ϡ


791 ʬ
ʫϵĲ棬ﲻԶǳƬķݣסլΪҽԺһξ룬ҪǷֹ̫֣Ӱ˲ϢĻָ
ڸղţ͸˵ʱΪԼĲ²Ӱ쵽һʧûע⵽»عʱ˲ԶķпӵĿ⣬һֱڽĶ
˲˲Ĵǰֱ˳Ÿоķ˻ȥʱԶһ䷿ڵĴˢһӰҲʧ˴档
ôˣ
Ҳһ粽˴ϣ˳߿˹ȥ
Ѿ˼ˣղǱһֱڶǹȻǼɵҽԺڽֱ̻ӴԶһֱ͵͵ļţȥһǳգֱ°ʫϡ
˵۾һֱŸղͻȻǸȷһڼʫѾˣ
Ѿʱˡ
˵
ҪʩΪʫڵƣȵȶ֮һ˴ʫϻعӵǿ󣬾ʥҩˣҲ׵Ǻúõһ棡
ĵ˵ͷ˲ĴȻҪ䣬ڲĻָʫϵʱѾɹ̫ܽˣҪӸӵƲС
ҲãΪûа취Բһֱͣһ뿪ҽԺǿ϶⵽ʥҩϮͺðˣΪʫƣҸͽҰɣ
˵ͷһظӡ
ĵȷ˲٣ҽԺǽ̻ĵ̣Ҳܻסһӣʥҩ˿ûôõԣǻӻĵ쾳ֱ֣ӵĽǿˡ
һڶ쾳־ۼҲõһ£ǷҪһʵǿĸ֣ǸʱǺпֱܷ̻ӽʥҩҲ˵
ƣȵׯ԰ȥһܣǴһ𣬵ʫϵĲȶ֮ңһֱӷض⻹̫Σˣһչ˲˻ľͲͬˣЩҪҲһ׵顣
˵
ãǶСģ
ƹɵĵ˵ͷ֪ʱҪкܶ࣬ѾЩæˣȻңɲشԵŮˣؼʱֻﵹæ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣ˵лʿ鷿ѲһȦ¼һʫϵ⣬ûʫϵĲˣ͸һ硣
֪Ѿط˼߾ʱ򣬸Ե÷ǳˣʵΪޣԲֻܷӳ۷徳ʵܹڵİˣʵͿԻָ쾳
ƾһܹ֮ʥҩ쾳ֵĽ׷ɱʵ֮ǿȻǲö˵ʥҩʫϣܱѰɼһ书ʵǳ
㲻ĻҿԿڵƾΡ
֪˸˵ͷ
Ȼ⣡
æͷЦ֮ãôܻ⣬ƺڵƣ˵Ҳһĺ£Լⷽʵǿࡣ
ΪһڷɿһȦܿͷ˸ƵԵɡ
ڸĸһʮֳֹɫͱڤĻɫͬһо̺ܲаľ綾·ֻҪմһ㣬ͻ˻ҷһ㡣
С̽һŽӴһɫոմʱ͸оһٵĸʴһȻͱͬһģһɫһ㡣
һ½ӴʱøüͷҲ¶һ˿ʹɫ
һô£
˳ɫЩصĿŸʵ
̸ԵĹ죬λôҲǡôİס˸Ϊ书ʮָ߳ͱˣܼô껹ܻ
Ԫͯʬҩ䣬רȡʬϵʬ˵Ǵ֮ЧǿĿԣǶԱ˵ȴǾ綾֮һʬֵڣ޷֮׵
ҡҡͷҾΪڻºԪֵͯʱһʱԪͯһƣһʬһֱǱʩչطסˣܹ죬ҪұһֱṩѹƲУͻ
ԭˣ
Ȼĵ˵ͷԭΪѾסˣֻҪԴԴϵṩͿԳΧĹӦһܶϿͻ
֪СǷа취Ϊˣܶط޷ãΪҲûߣԶʬŻ޿κΡ
ϣĿһۣϾʵѾ׵쾳ұԴطҲ˼ߵľ磬ȵ֪Ҫö١
׵ҵһգҪҪʫȶƣعܼ֮ƣ̻ҴڵʬҪٵһȲС
˼һ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ûϵȻʫϵҪҷҲôˣҲ⼸ʱ䡣
һЦæ˵
ֻҪаʬˣʱĲżָҲһʱ䣬Ҳʲô£Ҳֵٵһʱ䣬Ȱʫϵ˵
Ҳ¶һ˿Цݣĵ˵ͷ
֮ԸΪˣǿ˸ʵҸ˹ʫϣκ֮󣬶ʫֻӵĺãһĻʫϵİȫҲ˱ϣҪڶɳȥˡ
ǵһ㣬ǻһ㾫ΪˣʬȻԶԸ˵ǿԽģֻǻһԪˣʧջһʵǿ쾳ȣֱǻĲٻˡ
ҹҽԺѾһƬž˲ʱļҽ籣Ѿκˡ
ʫϷĴȫ׼Ϊʫʩƣ뿪˲˲ⳤȵϣıĿ񣬰оѾᵽߵ㣬䱸Χʱֵܳͻ״
óһ룬ڴƽϢһ֮Ĩһ룬Ʈɶ


792 һ
ʫڵʮֵ⣬ؼĲΪƣΪǰĹֲֲֹǵʫڻԲѵףֻ˵Ļڵҽ裬ʮ֮ھʫϸԭ
ǵ˹ֲأ֮ǰϸһƵͬʱһѹƹֲı
ҪΪ߳ĿΪ˵ҲһЩʧĿԣǵڵѾݲüȥˣҲֻмȫľΪʫϺúõһˡ
һʶɿʫϵ洩Խ֯һ޴룬ʫ˶ڣڵҲʼٵӿ˳ŷעʫϵڡ
ʱ仺ţһת۵ĹѾʩ뽫һСʱˣһСʱķѵѾ൱һս쾳ֵȫ֪ܺͣⷬжô
ɫ΢΢ЩףǼ׼ջʫʱһʮǿͻȻʫϵбɲǼĹϯ壬˳ָ׼ֵڡ
ͻǿЩľȫʢʱڵʱȻ赣ıڸո˴Ϊʫˣʱʵƽʱһ붼ûУǿЩ
ʱ򣬲ͻȻһ΢΢һſڵ̾ʹ˶֮С
˼ʱܽȥ
ǸѾſڣסλҪ벡Ļʿ
˵ʮֵΣϵʾ״Ѿʮֵ⣬Ľƣп̾ͻ
һʿɿ˵еʾʫϵĲڱǽӵ˱֮Ź鷿ġ
һ鴲ߵȻѾȫ˺ߣȻֱʫȫҽݶʼҵĲĹҡ
˼Ǵӻҽ֣Ϊ˽ƣʱаĴţˡҲǽȥ
û˿ò˼ôһվڲſڡ
ٲÿĻǾҪ뱣ˣ
һʿȻˣǰһ֣صľ
㣬ǵ˳֮ǰ˭ҲýӰ첡˵ƣ
̬ҲǿӲҽԺȽҽƼԸĴطǻҽص䣬߾磬Ż׹ǵЧִҽѧԱġ
ߣ￴ţȥұ
ʿĿ˸һۣһλʿ仰첽С뿪ˡ
ѾչزһΪҽԺ˽벡ͱ˳ͻƱػִ󣬵ʱ᲻ᾪ˿ɾ˵ˣ˵ͻн̻˹鿴
뵽ʱ˲˶㣬ڵ̿ʼȫȫת޴ڵڷתʫڱ˳ٵӿڣνˮһбͣ
ͻȻʫﱬʮ֮࣬Ѿһ۷徳ĸˣ֪һǱģΪʫϼ壬ûзһǿǱ
ʱ˿ΣҲ˲ȥԭˣ֮Ȱʫڵ˵ֻҪ˳ʫڵĹֲͻԶȬеĲ֢Ϊ
ƶϣΪղѹʫڹֲʱ伤ЩЩ˷ķˡ
뵽ͻȻʶ˵Ϊʲôˣ¾Ϊڽʫڹֲʱ⵽ЩķˣԲŲϧ͸֧еǱܣȫҲûзЩڡ
ʱܿĹȥרעЩûйȥſڴĳղȥʿѾ˼ҽԺı˸ǿ׳֮İ˴󺺣͸˵û仰Ĺ򣬾ȻͶ
Щ˴ȻǸĶ֣¾ͱŷˣǸ£һܽȫɱˣǾôССĽѵһ
ҽԺıɲôģȻǼ˶Ը˸Ȼ̺ԮеĶԽһСУ̾һͷ˻ӦȻһ֮дϹ
һ˿ҽԺıǣЩһٸҲǸĶ֣ϾҽԺڽ̻ĵ̣һ˽̻ˣǵ鷳ɾʹˡ
СѣһҪӿٶȰ
аһüһǿƿʼѹȵǼ˴ɫһ䣬ȥʿɫһƬɷףֵĳ˱
ӵʱ䣬ȵľͷʹ뻮һĽŲһ¥ݵĹսǴתһӱЩﶼȻȵõ֪֪ͨʵǿǶ
ܲʲôɱǶʮ˵СӶ΢壬СĳʩչʹǸҲֲ˺ãҪʫϲſڵĻøӵı
Ще΢壬ѾϺõУɫʱڵ¼ٵתĳĻ˵þֻȥƴһˣʱԲκ˳ơ
ÿǾҪʼˣ
ͷһȣŸı̾е΢壬ˢˢĶ׼˸ȻѾ׼ˣһ̿ǹ
ĲˣΪƣڲκ˴ţŵĻһȣʱ˳˾֪˵ǲˣ
㱻ʮ΢ָ壬ûò˼ͦñֱôվڲſڡ
ȻϿʵڵѾȫתʱ׼Щ֣ɲϣڱͻȻĸϣһʼĴ㡣
˵Ѿˣκεӣһʱ˳ʲô飬ǶҪεģ
ڱʿվ˵һҽԱְ޷һֱڲϾ˵˵ѾΣˡ
ÿǾͿʼˣ
ӳ˻ʿĻɫһ֣ٲÿĻ̾ͻῪʼ


һ
һպڵʱ򣬱ӳ߾ٵûзʿеͻȻֹͣ˱ȫָ


793 ֮

ӳеĹڣǻʿеͻȻˣĿӲֱ˻ȥɫʱǵͨ죬ɻĿһ۱ϵĻʿ
⡭ⲻܰ
ʿĿеٵĲһͬһľȺɻ
ôˣʲô⣿
ӳæʵ
ڵĸȫѾָǸոաǸող˵ʮֵΣôͻȻתô죿ѵΪˣ
ʿֵĿеʵ
˶ס˵ʱ򣬲ͻȻˣһƣ֮ɫ˳ʱ˴ҵĿ⡣
СѣʫϵĲô
ǰһСʵ
赣ǣʫϵѾȶʲôˣԺֻҪһʱָܻ״̬
˰֣΢΢һЦǱĻʿ˵ʿС㣬鷳ټһ²˵ûʲô⡣
ãõģ
ʿû뵽ͻȻ˵һʱЩûзӦȵӦʱɫѾһƬͨ죬ͷ첽߽˲ʫϲߵϰŪһ¼ʫĽʾһá
˼Ǵˣ˵ѾָϢͿԳԺˡ
߳˲ʿæǸ֪ǰ˾ǸдӻרΪʫƵҽ֣ﻹ˿Ĳ
Щѧҽ˵ҽھһĴڣǿԽĲȻڹŹϻһȦĲ˵ѣ˵˲Ǿ֮ͰˣǶЩ˵ȴһ¿ʼĻᡣ
ûϵҲΪ˲˵ĽǣҶûдʱҲǿȥϢɣ
Цҡҡͷ
ʲôҪǰæĵطֻҪ´ͷĺ壬Ǿͻ̸ϵ
ʿЩ˼һЦͱһ뿪ˡ
һȺ뿪˳ȣͻȻ΢΢һΣȻƺЩվȵӣĸ״ǰһȴʲôҲû˵ֻһֻססΡ
ص˷֮ɫͻȻһƬɷףһֱӵ
ôˣСѣ
һæʵû뵽ΪʫڵƣȻ԰Ƶϡ
ȻʵжߣǴӰ͸Ѿ֪ʵȫʢʱڻҪǿǿ٣ûеˣʵϴطȻ۳ǰ⸱ģЩȡ
ʫڵƵΣؼϵĹֲղͻȻ䱬˳Ϊ˽ֲĸγҵЩͷˡ
΢΢˿ҡҡͷղǸֲĻҲʲô⣬ЩѾͻˣҲټȥˣ򾪶˽̻ˣͻøӵĸӣҾͼӿƵٶȣһĻҲ˲ǿ౶
ԭһ룬ʵʫڵƣӦǺܼ򵥵һ飬û뵽ȻʫڵĹֲ
ŻȻĵ˵ͷʫϵֲҵ֪һģ¾ΪҪѹֲŻͻȻ伤ǱܣԪݽ߶
ҲûϵʫϵھȻôǿһ֮ڣ֮ǰΪҽ˵ԭһֱûܷʫڵ쳣ֱղǿͻȻ˳
Ҳͬеĵ˵ͷʱǳļʱǡþ˴ʱΪǿЩһطʱǿһΪŽȫʫϵ˳ȫڡ
ڣ
΢΢һ㣬׵ԭʫǿǱ鼰ȫоģһֱʮֵΪЩڲϵʴ壬һ½Щȵһ𣬼зӡ֮С
ţȷǴеĶطڵʩչҲһѵģʱҽҲǴ߶Ǳܣе˳һٽЩȫ۵һ𣬷֮УҽҲΪ˸Ĵۡ
һ˿壬ĿĿƽڲϵʫϣʱʫɫѾʼúڵʮĲڳȥˣټϸղֵõԪѾת˷ǳ֮ࡣ
ʫڴʱ»صȥѯ˺ܶϣʫϵһЩ˵ȽЩ˾һͬǾʱظǿԲŵۼʱ÷ǳĴ
ü˼һ˵ʵ˶ʮ꣬ಡǺʲô취ӣҲû˿Զģ½ȫʫϵ֮УѾʫϵӳܾˡ
ʱǿۼ֮أ
һ̧ͷŸʵ
кʫһˣǾ߱µʱǲ˺ܶϣ֤һ㡣
ܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ˵ʵˣлһ⣬Ǿһλ»ľ֣ʣǵûΪ˵ʱԺһʱľ֣澭ġ
澭ֿľѧȻһʫͬʵŮ˴ģ
ʱȵ̾һ
澭Լһ嶼ⲻסּԵ»У澭ȴӳ˼Ϊǿʱ⼸λ֣̹ԳƲ»Ķ֡
ͬЩ̾˵־ž޵ǰˣûκʱȵ˼Ψһ뷨壬Ͷص塣
»ǳַӳ屾ԣڵܺõյĴ˾澭ּĶѧ
ĵ˵ͷȴһ˿ζɫ
УҲʱˣʱ̣ĵطʱΪ֮壬ʺ෨ʣЩɷˣֵӿǻᱻͷġ
ûнĻڵòƣͻ𽥵ʧؿʼʴ壬˻սյһغкôҲлУһ֣ܿͱ߷֣󱻽ɽ
ϾеĸǱȵϵҪǿĶ࣬츳ڵĵӣڵһʱ䷢֣ͻֱӴˣȵڵ


794 ƻ
ʫϵ֮һЩ𣬱Ͼǵûôǿۼ֮أԾǴճˣҲ޷ǿ֮壬츳ȻǱȲʡ
ʫڵҲȫյһɶ;һα弯еֱ̼һ£ȫ汬ʫڷһ˿ʣˣȫĻָ״̬
¼ȻѾʫϵĲȥˣҲʱ˿ڲ￪ʼĿ񣬾˵ڸոȡЩ
Щǿ󣬱ϾԼΪЩ֮󣬶ԵǿҲǴģڼϱҲҪָһҲûеȺֱӾͿʼ͵ϢĹ̡
֪ڻָĵĹ񣬸Ҳһϥ£ʼĴǲҪָʲôҪڰΧ
ҽԺһĵطһŵסլ¥еһڣڷ⡣
Ѿǵˣǲôȥˣ˭֪Ǹϼһ᲻һֱҽԺﵱͷڹܾ꣬ܲôһֱɵȥɣǱ߻кܶҪߵսپ
һɫҡҡͷ
ʲôҽԺǽ̻ǱߵҲþǣǰͱԪشˣʵҲͺǲ࣬ټԪԳ֣ǾֱȥҽԺˣ
һݵ˵
̻ɲô򵥣ŷߵ˽̻ˣǺܻܿعĻᶼûУʱǵ˹Ĵ¡
һ˵ǲͬǰ˵˵ĴԺ͵¹˵ķӵЩնıһŷ޴˺ܳʱ䣬Ѿߵ׺Ļͬˡ
˵ϣ㲻˰ɣڹô꣬ѵѾʥҩжôǿôһ̻᣿
ɫǸ˶ʱбۿһϻ壬һ˿ɫ
˵ϣǸǴȷѪ߹ģںһССĽ̻᣿к´̼ĸΣһԪϸŹˣǸ´ҶֵĻԪӲ
ǹһ˿΢Ц˵ʱ΢΢Ƴһߵķ䣬ķŴʱĹţȻǡ
ܣǲ֪̻ɲô򵥵ġ
ϻЦһڹ˽ʮʱ䣬̻ǺεȿµһȻʥҩʵȻ쾳ĸҲмλʵͽ̻ѻʯҪſԿǿ
Ĳ˵ǰֹĺ´̣֤ݿɲľѾһʮλһʮ쾳ĸ֣⻹ֻڹǰֹĺ´̣ڰĻ֪ж١
͢лкܶ಻Ϊ֪ɭֲڽ̲ĸҲʥʿӣЩڽ͢˸֪͢ˮж
ֻ֪ͨŷϵۣƽʱֻʥһ棬ʦһƽʱͻںޡ
Щ⣬̻е鶼ͨ˿֪ģҪԸŷ޸ֺڰԼЩ̻Щ̻ѹȫѪݣƽʱüĿӡ
֮ŷ޶޷ڰ˳֣Ϊ̻̫ǿԲŽЩڰ׵ĸ˸ĺڰ֮Уȫռ˹ͽǵĹ
һ˿µŷ޳ʱˣеĿ£Ȼǿ󣬵ָЩԼΪģȫķɢ˿һɢɳ
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ȪԼ˵˵Щ飬ǿһνӣϻҲͽһӵĻȥεЦҡҡͷ֪˵Ҳǰ˵ûʲôãЩǲ׽̻Ŀ֮ġ
ҿƻô˰ɣǾȥҽԺǸʲôʫϵСȻعڣгطʲôط
һɫȪһ֮˵ϻıҲһ˿ϾϻǶǼʮѣҲϻԸ񣬲ϲ˵󻰺ʹţƤȻִ˵̻ܿ£ô̻Ȼſµĵط
ڹڵҲܼǲȥˣ뾡񷵻ػģ˴عڽ
ҿҲУô˰ɣϣȥһǳ˵·ߣ׼
˵ͷͬȪ飬Ҳɵ֪̻϶ǲǵģϻǰ׼·ʱһ־ˡ
ðɣҾȥ׼׼
ϻεһЦֻܴӦû취˭ʥҩĳԱôҲʥҩܶĺôȻǵ˸óʱˡ
֮ҲɩӺͺӻعɣһֱڹҲǸ¶Ҳפôˣǻȥ˵һ˵ʱһ˹ĹͿԻعĵˡ
ϻļ̾һ˵
ʥҩȫطз֧Щطһɼˣһ˳פأҪΪռҩģڵĻԽԽƵҩϺҩҲԽԽѰˣԲŻὫĵɵ˹⡣
ϻһļȽϸˣ¹ΧСҵķΧһ˸»м˷ɢĵطЩڹ⣬ΪʥҩҲ˲ٹףȻҲǽһЩҩģΪҲӲ۷徳硣
Ǿ鷳ˣҲȷʵûʲôһ˿Ҳȥˣֻһֱûлε֮Ҳ׼ػˣɩǻȥһߡ
ϻ忴΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ûϵźȻعɣεˣԺ͹˵˵عڣʮ꣬ҲΪˡ
ʱһϵͻȻӽŵķڴ˳Ȼһʵľţߵʮͬڶһŵ˶һ
лԪϣ
ϻʱɫһϲ̴ɳվȽյķľһ
Ԫͯȥ˵ɹļȻǷǳˣٱȪ˵öˣԪͯʥҩĳϣ
Ԫͯı֤ȪҲǸˣһЦһϻļ


795 ٳ
Ϣȥ鰲һ£ҸʵĻǾͶ֣ԽԽãڽ̻ᷴӦ֮ǰ뿪
˵䣬ϻٵ뿪˷䡣
ϴô꣬ǻˣε֮ҲҪúõĺһˣöֵûоһˡ
һЦ
ٺ٣ôȥˣ֪ϵľǲǻô
ȪҲӿֳһ˿Цݡ
Ҫ˵̫ˣεĶֿɲôöԸģƲ̻˲̸Ѿһİ֣ǸͻȻֵˣǻ֪书֮Ѿǽ쾳ôöԸģǲҪģ
Ȫ˵ŻʱԪִͯӷڴ˳
ǣԪϣ
Ȫһ⻰վĳŷнһ
ǸͻȻֵˣǵҲûף챻ڼӲʱ򣬱ֵ˾ȪĺúõʱͻȻһͳ˴ϣҸôԶľ룬˵ֱӽ㵽һ
֪ڣȪĻǸƽ׵̶һ˫ۣȫоκεϢﻹһë
Ԫ֮ͯԪ̷ͯѾһ쾳ֵʵ쾳ĸ֮⣬˺ôУôԶľ붼ܷڿӡ
ԭĿѾҽԺڲҪٳֱͺѣڶԷĪһλ쾳֣ǵָӵԲŻἱҪϽʫŪػģٳʲôӡ
ϻ뿪֮Ȫ˿ʼϸµжϸڣѾ̿һҽԺƽṹͼʫڵĲһ۵ĴȦȦΧעǸɫĽ·ߡ
˵·ǻûУҪϻãǵνʫϴҽԺŪͲҪǶˣϾĽڣǵ¹ķΧǳڻģϤҪƻ˵·Ҳ޴̸
ʱôţһתۣԶվѾǰף̫֮ʹӵƽƬĽ⽥Ĳ˴֮ϣµһˡ
Լߵӵʱ򣬷űˣһû˯ۼƻȪһ͵ſڣһè̴֮˴ţվŵϻ壬ﻹڵ͡
ǰӺϡЩĽǸ򲻵ģȻǼ֮ġ
ɩģ
ȪЦŽӹϻеĴӡ
ɩӣĽҿҲ緹ˡ
ϻҡҡͷ΢΢һЦߵɳ£ӻͳһŵͼҼƻõ쳷˵·ߣʱǽʫϴҽԺŪҾҽԺӦǣ·߳˶ԣʱӦ䡣
һߺڵϡһ㽫ͼ־·ϸоһЩ·նһͬص㣬Ǿǽ˰˹ɽܿ˿ܼľסأ̶ȵıⱻ̻׷ٵ
øжʱǱҲ˶
һʱͺ͸뿪ҽԺſڵһ뿪ˣһغʱȪ״̴ӹսǴҽԺüϢǼ֮̾¥ֱӱʫϵķȥˡ
ʫϵĲʱѾûˣʣ˻ԲѵʫһˣȪһЦ˷֮̽ȵĴ˴ڵʵʵ
ǽʫϵ߶ֱôʫϹϣȪôһɵĳ״壬ֱӴӴԾȥ·ѾȺӦϻ塣
ȵѾѾ֮Žʰһ£뿪ҽԺȵʿʱ򣬲Ѿȥ¥ˡ
һĻķʿȻ֪ͨ˰Ա˹ķʱȪϻѾɿĳĽڡ
ԤƵҪ˳ܶ࣬Ҳû뵽͸Ȼһ뿪ҽԺֻʫһ˾ڲȻϻʼվһ˿ԾĵطǾҲ벻ﲻԾֻܰ鶼Ƶ̫ɵķ档
뿪֮ûãǰ뿪ĸͷҽԺʿ˵ʫѾû˵ʱ򣬷ǵûоŵɫһ΢Ц˻ʿѾҪסԺͲ˳Ժ
¿ܣ
뿪ҽԺʱ򣬸ҡͷһЦǰ뿪۳λŵ˺ȻǴ·ʫϣ
ڲﱻϻ°ߵʫϣʱȻ뿪ı۳·ɫӣһҲ֮ǰģȻڵѾõĲˣֻҪһʱͿԻָˡ
ϣʲôɣ
ϳĸʫЩǵʵ
İɣСѿɲô׶Ըˣʥҩд鷳ˣ
ҡͷһЦʫϵļ
۳һ̵뿪ҽԺֱҶоڵׯ԰˹ȥһֱҶ߱ȫ
ԶڼʮһϣȪǰ˵ЦӵһŶһɫ״壬ǱǴҽԺ˴ߵʫϡ
û뵽εȻô˳ǸϼһǸˣȻһ뿪ҽԺҪǶˣǹƻһս˵ҪԪ϶֣ǸǿɶԸˣ
Ц˵ǿ˺ܶƻû뵽һûϣҽԺ˶ûоǾѾ˳ĳˣû뵽
ǣҲ鷳Ԫ϶ˣʱԤصԪϻغϣȻתµɻػģ˻ľڣεҲԲˣ
ȪҲЦܹô˳ɣǵȻֵøˣϾǸǶ֪ʡ͵ĵƣҪ¹˭ֻδ֪
Ͼһʵ쾳֣ȻΪ˹ˣû˸С͸˵ˣһʵ쾳֣֮ûһ˿ԶԸֻܽԪͯˡ
һ·˵Цţ˷ɿ뿪ĽڵľڣֿһСʱ֮һƫԶɽ£̧ͷ಻һֱ쵽Զİѩɽİ˹ɽ
ӾѾϵ˹ȥùˡ
Ȫ˱ŵʫϣָָʳôûڣϻֱ˵˳


796 ܵ
һˣȪŹʫϵıɿɽ˹ȥ·ѾϻȫоˣڴֻҪ˳Ԥõ·߳˾ˡ
ԼСʱĹѾ˰˹ɽɽı߽紦Լο͵ӰɽѾȫο͵ټˣǵعٷֹοͽģΪɽ벻Σա
ɽΣʳԶʱʱѩѾҪ˵ɽ͵Сˣһûʲôʱǲ˽ġ
ڰɽϵһʯͷϣȪŵʫϷʯͷϣйһڰ
Ԫʲôʱ򵽣
˿һƬããɽȪɻʵ
ƿ˰ɣԪȻǵ󣬲Ƕûо̻ˣԪǱҲûʲô飬Ӧúܿͻˡ
΢΢һЦ˸طͬ
ϻûϢһԾһô֦⣬վڸߴĴӿڴͳһʽԶǱϸĹ۲Զ
˵ϣôţǶˣҪ׷Ļ̻׷ˡ
̧ͷЦ˵
û£Ҿ㿴
ϻȻô˵ɾ͸ԶϸĹ۲ΧҿԪˣǱ߲Զĵطһӵʱ͵ˡ
ûãһӰȻԶ֣Ծ֮ٶȼ˴ŵĵط£˹Ĺ͵ǰҪȵԪͯ
Ԫͯòǳᣬ˵Щ죬ǸͣòȻδģǶһ˿ë沿Ҳ쳣Ĺ⻬£һˡ
ⶼΪʬҩĸãǿʬ˵Ǵ֮Чǿĸ֣Ƕ˵ȴǾ綾֮֮ǳ鷳ûиֶ߳θ޷ȥ
鶼׵𣿡
˸ǰԪͯӰͻأͣΧһȦ֮˵۾ƲǸڴʯͷϹľһĶʱ΢ɲüͷ
ѾˣԪϡ
ע⵽Ԫͯһ˿ǰһ˵Ȫʹ˸ɫ̻عæʫϵĴ˿¶ŵʫϡ
ˣôȻ͹ôһʹ˳ҲûκμӺô䣬ɱȥʱѾˡ
Ԫ֮ͯ󵭵˵
İɣԪϣղѾһάܳʱ䣬ÿһʱҾͻģϾǺҪ
Ȫæ˵
ţ⻹࣬ĳҩ䵹ʮʺΪӦûʲô󰭡
Ԫͯ˵ͷϻʵ鶼ûУ
ԪϣߵѾˣ˶Ѿϵĺзػˣڿ̳
ϻҲ㱨һ
ܺã²˳٣ǸϽϾǽ̻ĵ̣˾
Ԫͯһ£ͷԶȥ׼
Ȫعͷ׼ŵʫٶôãڼϸһһתȴŵĲ㾪˳
ԭһֱڴʯͷϵʫϣ֪ʲôʱѾһЦݵĿȪѩĴɽһĻԵøӵĿɲΪȪˡ
ˣ
ȻڶԸʫϵʱ֪ʫϲֻһͨŮӣǴʱ˿̣һĻĽᵽ㡣
ˣ˵Ҹû˯
ʫſ˵дȴһ˵
Ȫһ֪²ǰʫϲʫϣ˼ٰģʱһХ۵˿У׼ХһѾת뿪ԪͯСġ
ᵽ˺ûüʱڴʯͷϵʫѾͻأĳǰ˲ͿסĲӣӿȻôӲı˻ȥҪڵĳХҲ˲ƻ
ôܣ
۾ֵĵɴˣȪŵĿǰʫϣŸղŻһӵʫϣȻתۼͱ˿µĵˡ
һתʫϲڵϵԺһͻȻԺﻮͻȻ˹ǰʫϾ˭ˣ϶Ǹ쾳ּٰģ
Ѿ³ˣͦġ
ʫϵȻһЦȪлȻɫ׶ԷѾеĹؼ
ʱǰ뿪Ԫͯһ˲ԾĵطΪûиоȪʱʶĻͷһۣһתͷ˲ͣûüӦϻ壬һӾͳԪͯǰ
ôˣԪϣ
ϻһ֮תʱҲһĻ۾һӾˡ
ԭȪվĴʯͷ֣ŵʫѾվֿȪĲϣôٿսȪȪȻûͨϢһԱԷסˣûа㷴ֻܾôɶԷŲӡ
ⲻܣֻǸͨˣȷŲд
ҲһĻɫڵӿ˳ΧĻѩ˿
ߣԣԷѾһͨˣǸɵĺ£ôһ鶼
ԪͯһμѾӽǿʯͷµǺˣΪιװŮ˵ӣ
װôл棿
ʫϿд˵һ죬ֱӽҿϵ֣׺Ȼ
ȪӣʱƲͷȥҪԪͯ˼Ĳӱţûа㷴ڵҲֵ޷ֺƺϵĴһһ
ǣǸ쾳֣
ԪͯɫʱȻûнյȪźţҲǸ΢һеĹؼ
ǼӵĳɹǲģҶʶˣҽԺҲ˺üɣ
Цһһ⡣
˭ʥҩ飬һ쾳֣Ҳñʥҩ飬㻹ôᣬдõǰɱԼͿˣΪ˵һ仰Իǰ̣Ǻܲǵѡ񣡡
Ԫͯвյ˵
ŶΪǸ˵ˣ
ҡͷһЦ
ʥҩͽܰץס۸ӦʲôҪҶ԰㣡
йâһԪֱͯ˵Ŀˡ
ȻǴֱʣʥҩ˾ǲһǴӦһŹ뵤
ԪͯĻʱЦ


797 Ѫ
˹뵤֣Ԫͯɫʱķ·Ҫγˮ
뵤ʥҩ˵ҲĵҩôһֱûκεӣֻԽԽ٣ΪȱؼһζҩģֵɫҶҲǱΪҶҩġ
ȱҶ޷ƳµĹ뵤Ծôģʥҩй뵤ѾֻʣţεĹûжֵҩĴ㣬Ͼôˣһ˾Ͳˣûκΰ취
ʦҲƾսһֵҩƳٱرҪҩҪõ֣ĸҩĻԳ滻һ£ҪҩĶûеĻôͲͬЧĵҩɣǲΥĹ
ҩĲͬҩ޼ĵҩҪҩĲͬƳĵҩ;Բͬһֵҩÿһֵҩ䷽εоĥ£һһϦо飬οǹ뵤ֿԪĵҩƳµ䷽ϼѡ
뵤ôܻй뵤ʥҩһֻʣţõó㡣
ԪͯĿ˵ʱô᲻֪ˣſھǹ뵤ϡҩ˾ǲס
ȷòó𣿡
ЦһǴ뵤Ҿͺ԰ץסΣ
ߣδҲ̫ˣȻͼȾָʥҩҩħ̵ĽҲûҰʥҩͷϣ
Ԫͯһȣкһһֱӵǳȫһĵɫӿ˳еĵطΧˣֱӽ˶ڡ
ֵɫ壬էһŵ;ȳ̱ǣ޷ܣ뵽˸ѵ飬֪Ԫͯʬҩ䣬ڵʬʮǿеĻǺѴģʬҲûбҪöԷ֡
뵽ʱеȪһףֱ˳Ԫͯһ̽Щɫ˿һѾԪͯĺ󷽣˳˹ȥ
˹ϻʱɫ䣬һԪͯͬһ쾳֣ȪһͰǶûиоɼʵ֮ߣԺǲһĴڡ
Ըʵ˵Ķ֣˿ûκεİգǵʵȪҲڲ֮䣬ƾҲ߲Уд֮£ͼԪͯϣ׼Ԫͯγ֮Ը
ԪͯҲһ㣬һ֮£̻عȥΧ̵ֱӽײȪһת֮׵һԣڵصȪѾʧȥʶղֵʱѾˣɲŻɽִ¡
Ƕˣʽһںǣǧƣ
ٶȺܿ죬ԽԪ֮ͯ󣬲һʱѾӽϻˣԪͯһʱ޷׷ϣֻϻ
ԪͯĴոճڣǾ͹һ˿΢Ц˲ԪͯĴȻҲԪͯ˵ʲô
ȻѾ⣬ȰЩСǶˣû׼γ֮ƣȻһϵĻָʵûлָȫʢ״̬ԼֻҵĹԸ⼸ˣӦѾ㹻ˡ
ϻԪͯĴ֮󣬻ཻһ˶˶Էеһ˿㣬ϾԵһʵ쾳֣ಫĻ˵һж޷Źȥ
ҪΪԪͯǾǾܵĲסԪͯϵʱͿԪͯΪڱϸԪͯй
뵽ϻͬʱɫһĳ죬ڵϢ˲ǽϵǣ̼Ѿͻ쾳Ľޡ
һɱ˵Ĵ˵ɢ˳·˲һ¯һ㣬ڵѪҺڷıӿƺܵʲôĴ̼һ㣬ǵ򶼲Ѫ˿
ʥҩطѪ󷨣ֹһʩչȫǱܶܵɲ֮ͷԶԶĿºûʲô̫ĺ֢ԱԭȵľųҵĹΪ
ʥҩ⣬ֻ֪һ֪κطź֢ȱݵģֻǺ֢س̶Ȳһˡ
Ѫ֮Կ֮󻹿Աȫľųңʲô˺ΪʥҩĹѰ֮˶̫ͬԪͯȪϾͿԿһߡ
Ȫǳҩ䣬Ԫͯʬҩ䣬ǵĹֵжҩ֣ΪЩʥҩ˵书Ǵҩݻģǽҩһ湦
ҩอ嶼Ч书ķอǿȶҪѰ֮ҪǿĶ࣬Ѫ󷨵ıҪϣľƽʱ洢ȫ
ΪЩƽʱ洢ԻѪ󷨲Ųǵʲôˣʩչط֮ɿԱоųɵսһطʩչ֮ž޴ĺ֢
ʥҩĸҩ䣬ֱʩչѪ󷨵ĻǵЧûôǿ󣬶ҶอѹҲԶһطֱܻӱ
ֹѪ󷨱ʥҩԸֶӶߵ飬ȴʼûѪ󷨣Ϊǲ˽Ѫ󷨵ıʣһҪʹõط˿ʩչġ
ȻطũµʥҩһЩ򵥣
һ̾ͿѪ󷨵֮Ϊϻٶ죬Ϊ˵ûܵʲô̫ˣ߽ϵһ𣬿ɲʲô˶ġ
ʥҩ֮ãȻѹ׵ľ
ϻĹҪ΢߳һ˻Ѫ󷨵еƽı任ǿƾܸΧڵĻѩ·ɽ̼ͽϻ˶ڣͷ·һľ޴ѩ򣬶ѹ˹
ٶҲͱϻһ˿ѣ²ȻһХֲָƾյ˼ʮǰȫ
һʱ䣬ϻǿĹͼסȵԪͯϵ֮ǾͿγ˺Χ֮ơ
ȻǵļƻãǶʵĲ˽⣬չһ񣬸ûдԤڵЧǳһ
˵ǿһܣ̷һ


798 
ϻһǿԪͯл΢΢һϲһǶʹҲʱâӲӲĽֲˣǻнϴģ쾳ֲɵӣ־ٶġ
ֻҪͣܵĶ˾ͿγɺΧ֮ƣʱ˶Ըһʤ̾ͻ
âһ֮˵ıԣΣͷ˵ѡʱãӭͷϣԪͯҲҪһʱ䣬ֻϵͿһΧ
ķӦȴһֻһ֮ͼһİɫƾմӵϴ˳ŵϵĻѩγ˵İɫ֮һһ
֮󣬶Źϻ˾ֱӳ˹ȥȻֻв׳ȴ൱ǰ˲䣬϶ƿ˺һѩǱǿֱӸѹĻѩȥͷ·һֻεڴļѹЩѩһ
Ӳӣ㣡
Ԫʶһɨʱд󾪣̽ĳˡ
ϧʱѾ̫ˣһΧĴϻѩµϻ˱ʹ˳̵ľٶѾ죬ʱûȥջѾ߾ȫڹˡ
ܹõҲ൱ȫʢʱڵĹֻΪΪʵγɵıſôۡ
Ԫͯһλ쾳ĸ֣ʶ̾ͷ˱Ĳ¶ʱæ֪ͨϻϧȴѾ̫ˡ
ֻȻһ죬ͻѩŵԼϻײһײŷĳֱӽԲʮеĻѩˣ¶·Ľʵʵĺɫ㣬رȥһԼ׺
ĻѩųܷĳȥγһۿɼİɫʮŴºȻأòԶһСɽͷѩƬĻѩ˲̮һ޴𶯡
ۣ
ۣ
ѪӰɫĳﴫ˳ͿӰԱʱٶȵ˳ȥһֱɵʮͣ
ʱϻ˵ǰѾһƬѪ죬ϵϢҲʮֵ΢ʩչ˻Ѫ󷨣ʩչħɱһǧ˰ٵħطϢԭȱֱǲֵһᣬһַĸо
֮󻹽˼ѪɫѾһƬɷףŲԶǵڳƮȻߵӰһĨ֡
û뵽ʩչ˻Ѫ󷨣쾳Ľޣʩչǿһ֮󣬾Ȼô׾ٵı˻ˣǺ޻ڵĻܣûκεɾԷȫƾǿ֮һٴݻ˵֮ơ
⣬ôܣ
ѵ³˼֣˵⼸ֵĹĿһѪȻѾܵ˼صˡ
Ĺôۺ񣿣
ϻҲɻ;֣쾳ѾĳԤ֮⣬⻹ʹͣǾǿĻǾе˵ȥˣһ򰾵̣Ǵ̥ҲôǿĹ
˵ϻˣʱ˿̸ӾֵԪͯôҲû뵽ϻ˵һᱻ˸ɾĻƣôصˣ˵ȥ֪ʱǵھ𡢾ҡ
ֻôˣҪסңֱǳ룡
ʱӸղŵһѩд˳ͬǰһȻԵãȻûյκεˡ
¾˭ʥҩƺûе°ɣ
д֮£ԪͯѾˣּĸ֣ҲûаնԸȻʬҩʮǸղڶıǿһ
ǿǻʵ÷࣬־һѾһߵľ磬Ȼ÷౾߱Ǹ֮ͲͬˣղŵһѾ˵⡣
ҺʥҩȻ޳Թ׷ɱҽȴǽĲСҽѾȥȻҪΪһ
һѩ֮Ӱ֣Ȼǲѩǿǽ貨΢ԣѩĴ֮ʱ˳жȥѩǿ
ĵӣ
һ⻰Ԫͯʱһ׷ɱ֮һ͸һ˵ǽ弸Ƶ˾·ϣǹؼʱ̸Īıʥҩǵнô顣
ҵһ书ȻǴҽľѧȴǱѧ֣ȻҲĵӣҪʫϣõطѾطץȥȻԵõط
Цһ಺ʧѩ֮Уһ̾ѾԪͯߣٶһ˲˺üΣԪͯһܲ˵Ĵͷųʬʵʵ
ʬԪͯ˵ûκε˺Ƕ˵ȴǾ綾֮һյڣ;ᱻʬ𽥵ĸʴؼʬ׳ܽʬų⣬Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ʬͻԽԽ࣬յ
ǿʵԪͯҲ˵ʤˣ뵽Աʱ˿ϻѾԵĻԣ˵ˣȫʧȥսȻøӵСĽˡ
ȻʵȲǶʬҩԪͯлһ˿ŵģôԸĸ֣ʬҩʵ֤Ŀ¡
ʬҩȴעҪʧˣΪûΧͻȻֵЩɫֱӾ͹˽
˵ɫ֮̾ͳһɢ΢Ĺֿ֣һ޴Ĵ͸Բβӣֱӽеĵɫ˿޷Ӵ塣
Ӿά޵Ժʱ򣬺͹˹ս֮õսƷҲǹ˹ΨһһװֻҪȥͿ̼һֻȫγɣԶھʲôûκεҪ
ֻҪӵ֮ˣʹװΪ˹һߣҪҵһʵװʵ̫ˣ͸ԼһգֲսĲ㡣
ֻǿϧѾעȫ֣Ǳµһֱӻ˹֣֮ȻװҲ͵С


799 ѹ
ܵĵɫֱ˿϶ʱ¶һ˿΢Ц
ϲûдǼװʵԼֵװҲܽдֻһöҵͣȥͺͨβֻϸ𣬲ܸܵеĲͬ
Ϊװûоʱ򣬸˿ķӦͺͨĶ࣬ҲװȽεһص㣬ԴװαװɸֳõεȶͻȻĳɹʡ
öھͱ˿ڴҪʹõʱֱӽע˽ȥ̴߷һֳ
ԪͯʬǲµģֶԱ˵ʬ˵е鷳ѣʬҲΪʵһװòãͬʱҲһ־ֵܹǿĹ
ں͹˹ֵʱѾ֪װǿıǿȵģװܹܵƵģ˵ƵĹעȥξΪ˲һµߵ
ڽʬ֮ԪͯĹûлֻ֣ԵĳУʱڿӲԪͯĹ
ʮйԪͯĹûͻֵķֻעɲȥѣֵķܣлǱȽġ
ҾôֵĹУҲһ⣬ǾԪͯ书ʵǷǳǿٺͬĸֱˣȻԸ֮Щ֮ˣԪͯʵ㹻ǿġ
һԪͯʵԵúܲˣһ书ʬҩ棬书ľʬˣƫƫʬ£Ҫ书ԪͯԶ
Ҫ֪Ѿ÷࣬ԪͯһźԶľ룬ֻΪʬĶ̫ңһ˺֣ʵƾվͻᱻü㣬˳֮£ȻǲԪͯˡ
һ֮ʱûȤȥˣ˲ڳ˳৵һ¾ʧˣΪһȱ㣬ڱ˲˺ͬʱ˹ڵ˹档
˵һ˫ĶֹĶҲֹĶȥ
ȻҪˣȻ֣ѾװҪ͸˭ˣߵ˵Уֻжʺװ
ͨϵܵĶսȽϱڿƵ豸ȴ쳣ǿÿγȥжʱҪƷɻ߷ţ¶ʲô⣬װԱǴǿˡ
֮ȫȻըΧĵɫʬ̱ǿıɢˣν֮£ϸٱĽʮƣԪͯ˲ͱѹ·硣
ⲻܣôôǿ󣿣
Ԫͯһ߿ĵֵĹһвϵĺţʬҩûʧѡҩʱܾͬŵۣ˿壬ôȥˣ֤˵ľǶԵģΪѾһ쾳֡
쾳֮ʬǴǣһ˲Ҫ˵ڱʬˣһ¶ֱжƾһʬʥҩڵĵλҲˮǴߣ򵱳Ҳᱻȥ׷ɱˡ
ҲԪͯǰ˿Ļ֮书ʵʵģʲôĶʤ㣬ÿһԴԱʵΪκζı䡣
׷ſ֮ʼֳĶʹϾ쾳ĸ֣ڻƴȫԪͯѾʹ˳̵޲ýȫʬһȫͷųֱӽ
Ϊ˵ֿԪͯʬȫҲȫתγһϣϵĽЩ£ɢȻа취ԸʬҪʬڣҲôܵһ顣
˵ĽֽΧĴһƬطΪƽأ֮ѩˮڻɽľ͵һأضϸʯͷȫǱǿݻٵġ
ЩԪͯʬֲǸɴ˲һƬڣĴȥȻѾʧȥ綾ʬֱӶˡ
Ȼһ֮£ͷβѹԪͯ򣬵ΪһֵĹûлָ˲䱬ĹԳ׵ĻԪֻͯʱһʱ䣬ȵԪͯ¶֧ŲסʱѰһԪͯ
һĻҲѾòԶڵϻĿɿڴԪͯʲôǿǺģһʬɲѰܹסģʥҩĳǶԸԪͯ
ʥҩĳУֻһϲԪͯǸϾȪʦ֣ͬǳ
ƾһǿĳΨһһֱӵֿʬˣȻҲòžԪͯˡ
ԪͯĹȻ˶ѹ·磬ֳеĻᶼûУȥʲôϻײˣֻԶĽûԶķأһζֻǷأǳ¶ġ
ȻϣԪ֧ͯʮӺ󣬱ǿĽʮȫԪͯ¶һΪʧȥƽ⣬Բŷصĵطûзصʱһ˿⡣
ִõĻᣬҲģӿһ֮䣬ֱӳһģһˣһȻµӰˣѾԪͯĻ˫·ɣ˲ƺԪͯؿں͸
ȻûʹȫҲǼӱɢ֮Ԫͯ׽ģѪһ磬Ԫͯڿշ𣬱˫ֱӺļٵĺˣظอȫﶼһƴҡ
Ҫ϶ԪͯһָģղһƸԽԪͯ䵽ʮɿ⣬ԪͯԼڷɿĺˣûһϢĻᡣ
ϧѾ貨΢˻ǰԪͯûκӴܺͶܻģֻһѾ׷˵ɶȥԪͯǽϵһʮƹ˺ñػؾһплڡ
Ϊʮ͵ĵ幥лڵÿһ˶ھڶ飬ڵԪͯѾѽʮƵĴʼ˸Ѫͷ
ͱ书ʮûκλڵĹÿһжʵʵڵĸ͹ƾľֺĹĽ˻ľֿŲĽ̬ÿһ˶ĵ׸е
ͬһλȭһǰ˵ʮ٣ٴʮĸվ


800 ´
Խʮƿ񱩵ĹԵֿˣܿᱻٱĽ澢ȫ飬ؽڶѾʣеľֱӾϡ
ĽʮͲô򵥵һζֻվˣ书Ѿ˸ᲢáˮݵĵزǸ͵Ľ˲仯ΪָᣬΪ˱ֽʮƵص㣬ʩչ书ʱֻվ
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׷ϵԪͯٶǿֵ˼֮󣬶ʱһѪ˳ܵ˽ʮƵĹʬһֱϵˣ֧ŲסˣƷΪµһƷɲǴġ
һԪͯķ׼ٲһֱӽԪͯûз֮ʱԶһɫĹ⻪ͻȻ˹ٶޱȣ׼Ķˡ
һ֮£̳Ԫͯǰ˿֮ϿԤף˶Ѿ˵洦ƶһ
֮̾Ͷ˿Ϊ뵽ɱ˹ǵޡ˹˵ħ֮⣬ǽ̻֮к´̼ſʹõħʮֵǿҿԳԶ뷢
ԷϮ֮һӦǱˣʵûȫָȻȥԺּħԿһ˿ɾͲðˡ
㿪֮󣬹ֱĲ˾һ亹Ԫͯߣֱ˺Ĵɽ֮УûзһĶôĵʧɽ֮УĿǿԿԶǱߵɽڳһĿӶ
ڹʧӵʱ䣬ԶһɫӰɿ߷˹
ǷɣڵϱܣȻɵĸ߶ȲǺܸߣȷʵڵͿշС
۾΢΢һУѾ֪˵ˣһɫĳۣؿڻһɫʮּܣǽ͢ĺ´̱׼װȻʱһλ´̡
ĽֻĽڵʥ´ãǰֵ´̣Ѿ˵ˣԿ϶ʥ´õλ´̡
Ӱ䶨һӴӰл£̤˺ɫ֮ϡ
λ´Ƥʮֵİ𪣬΢ƤԼԼ͸ȫɢһůϢƾоϢһʮְĸоֻҪϢĸ·Ķƽ
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귨¸ĸоܲã͡Ϣֻƭƭͨ˶ѣϢӦǿ֮Ĺֹżǿҵԣųһг˹
ųǿǵһμֻ֪Ҫ⵽һĵز֮󣬲Żֳּ˵ԣҲԵûкôģΪ˺ڣ߱Ҫشķ
ǿҵǲܰߵһģǰΪĴԿԷӳ޴ǵ˺ڣǰٺһ
ⶼԺˣʱ귨ھе˴ĹֻǿЩ׶˻ԶԶûеֵʱ
ôһʱ䣬Ҳϳ˸ղһǺͻɱ˹һĹҲǽ̻ĸ߼ħ֮⣬ֻ֮ûǿѣ²귨²¶ˣԹ
ʹں´֮Ҳûм˻ʹõĸ߽ħȻһ㲻ġ
ʵǿԷʹռƣҲĶ֡
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һʼ귨ΪʲôȵʶʱֻεҡͷЦһΪڴŮ˵ķװȴһʵʵڵˣ귨¿Żô֡
Щ˴ӻһֱٵ컹ҽԺǿн°ߣ˸ٰҪ°ߵŮˣһ·ٳֳǣһ̵ֱĵطųֶԸǣǲ̫Ķҡ
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ҽԺѹǲˡ
귨µһ˿򣬽̻ĵ̶˭Ұģκˣ˽̻ĵͷҪ͵£ŷ̻ǾԵκΪ
ѾһˣҲҪǴȥˣʣµͲͷ̻ˣԼԴ
΢΢һЦίıԼ˼
ȻѾ鷳ҲͲˣĽ޽̻ʵĵ֮أϣҪֳ̫鷳Ҳ
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ˣҲʮֵľ裬ϾղԶԶľͼԪֶͯΣȻһһʽ֮ûʲôڵı仯ǹɾ޴ȴҲа𾪡
´̾ڷʦһߣóԶ̹սǳĲóοǺýսĹȣ귨һʼûֻ֣Ϊ˽һ
ղһ֮Ͳô׵ĶȥˣǱҪһشŶԡ
ģҺףڽ̻ҲǺصġ
΢΢˵ͷһЦ
˵ʱԪͯվһ仰Ҳû˵ȥ̻ʱҲʲôǵľٶ귨ʲôֵľٶ˵ͻ̵Ĺ
ʱ귨ϣһ·ûˣֻܰվ귨˵
˵˻귨תƳһԪͯɫͫתˮһĹ⻪ξƾƮֱӳɽ·˹ȥ
ߵ֮һ̤նУһϲṦҲǺѵ飬ֻ̫ķһ֮ûʲô飬ȥôĵ顣
´յķħͬҲʮֵ귨Ϊ˸Ϲ﾿ʲô飬ҲѡʩչħģľǶں´˵Ҳʮ־޴ģȫǵòʧΪ
ؼһɵ˿УתŲͺܲˣֱӾͱһȴİӡ


801 Ԫ֮ͯ
ۿ귨ȥעֻصԪͯϡ
ʱԪͯѾشȻʬڲϵ޸อ;ǽʮƵ澢˺ôûָģʵû̫ôȵԪֻͯʧһ·
ҪʥҩΪУ
Ŀת˹Ԫͯʵ
ʱˣЩ⣬ƺѾû˰ɣ
Цһǰȥ
ʥҩʵԶֻΪ壬ɲغԣ˴طҲԲطֻҪһˣȥʥҩΪѹһڵУ˵Ļάһö뵤
Ԫͯҡҡͷ
Ϊʥҩѹڵ
ʱһЦĪ㿴ᣬΪôƭģʥҩһԸһпɣʥҩ쾳һϣ˫ȭѵ֣ʱ򻹲ǰڲ
ûиʥҩѰҴطԵɡ
ԪֱֱͯĿ˵
ʲôԵɣ
üͷһ塣
طȻЧǿ󣬵ʥҩĵ̣ôȥһ书ؼ칬ҩһŲµľ书ũϾƾ书Ϊľ֮һ
Ԫͯ΢΢ҡҡͷũϵµ书ؼؼһ֣ںڸֲͬԵҩЩҩһվͻᷴˣһ֣ͻ췦
ʹطʲôϵ
Ԫͯʵ
ֻһ´طѹһ͵ҩѣûҪȡطһλطĸ֣ʥҩһνһϧĵҩһԮ֡
Ԫͯ˵ʵ̫ѹƹӴҩԹҪȡŴطϻҲǱ֮ų²ߣǿжȡط
ô˵޷ڸǿطʵǣΪǹ޷ѹڵҩǾͿǿ˵Ķ
Цһ
籾ǿʳȻɣ޷Υһʵǿһʱ㻹ںЩСķ·һĶ𣿡
Ԫͯʵ
ҵʵǿҲȥǿ˵ĶǸСһ˵ԭ⣬ҪΪµҽڣҲ壬ǿĨɱġ
ҡҡͷľֹԪͯ߳һֱǸߵûбߣѾһɽڵߣԪͯЩҡĵģǸܵ顣
ô˵ĻǲܺͽطҲȥʥҩΪѹڵҩˣ
ԪͯҲôƽĿʵ
ȻˣһΪһ˽ɱ˵СˣǾԲȥģİɣ
ϵĻؾԪͯ顣
ܺã͵ʥҩŰɣ
ԪֱͯӾ͵ϥҲĶ֣ʵôǿڻҲʲôĽɫʥҩ˳ģܲںЩм˺ѣܲһʵǿɣ
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һ䣬һεܱ߷˿
ⲻвʹõֶζѣԸ㣬ȻߵˣǶʱһ˻ҲûκˣʶʱΪܣЩǲҪȥصġ
ҡҡͷԪͯ˵һ仰ϢͻȻʧȻ˲ԶϾˡ
ͻı仯΢΢һ㣬û뵽ԪͯȻԾΪʬҩ쾳ֻףû뵽Ȼ֪֮󣬾Ȼ˸ɴԾ
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ԵȪӿôһ¶֪ȫĹһ
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ֻһССĽѵȥʥҩˣٸµĻһɱʥҩ
Ŀһֵϻһ仰֮һѾԭʧӰ٣ôȥĶ֪
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Ǹ˾˭ôܻ˿µ书´̶ʮֵļɵû˵仰뿪ˡ
ϻ𾪹ȥ֮󣬺ܿľͻָ侲
ڹһˣϰ˸ָ飬ԵĿҲʮֵԱϳ书֮ܿͻص״̬
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һԵЩɻʵ
ڹʱ̫ˣ֪͢·ǿȫİԵ壬ǵͷĶ֣³õȥġ
ϻЦҡҡͷղǸ귨º´̣һ̱ǸĿ⣬ΪǸ˾ˣ˵ʱ򣬺´ѾǸ˵ʵһ飬ûа뿪ġ
аջ
üͷ΢΢һ塣
Ȼ̶ˣֱӽð͢Ƶֱѹץȥ̿һ
ϻҡҡͷŷ޶ڽ̻Ŀ֮£Ǹصڽ̲治֪Ѻ˶֮ˣЩ˶Ϊڽ̻Ϊֱӱ̻ĸץȥڽ̲ݺݵĥ
͢ȻǿƣѵûҪ֪ڻģҲûһ˵Ĳ񡣡
ֵĿϻʵԱûУΨһܹŵľŷ˼ʮϻˣȻʱҪϻ


802 Ԫͯ
ããѩɽϣ귨º´֮󣬾ʣ˹ϻ弸ˣԶѾڵûκϢԪͯбûȥȪ
Ԫϵʬô죿
ϥ£ʹԴȫ޵Ԫͯһ˿
ִ񣬾Ȼһλ쾳֣ǻȥҲӹʥҩĳͷ㲻ȥʥҩҲУôǸûв֮Ƕ㵽ӹʥҩ׷ɱ
ֻʱˣӣ޷ȥģ΢һ֮󣬺ȪڿҪôɣ
ϻҲε̾˿ӣؿκεİ취ˣֻһһˡ
ҲãȰԪ˰ɡ
˵ͷ˻ߵԪͯߣԪ̧֮ͯѰһطѾٳһӡ
ҪڹȫޣټˣͷûĹߣٳһѾܲˣԪͯ˿֮ǽ˻ȥ˲֮󷵻ԶȪһ·ɽȥˡ
ʱ仺ţתۼɫѾҹİ˹ɽӵĺ䣬ǺХĺͷѩɽһƬĵģκε
ʱһɫĲӰವĴּٶޱȣֻ֮ſζʱ򣬲ܿһֻѩ׵ıӡ
ǿͣûһ˿ɫë˫ۣ΢΢һһֻλڰ˹ɽȦĲʳѩ
ֻ֪ʲôطѩʱͣͣڿеζϸıһ·ֻ֮һɫĲӰವһʧ֮䡣
תۼ䣬ֻǿ׳ѩѾӽһƬյأ⴦յصĻѩĵطҪܶ࣬ǲ֮ǰԪͯ˽ֵĵطĻѩͱŪˣ˵ǵϵĻѩƤӲȥһ㣬ڲűѩ
ѩ֮󣬶ʱһͣڵϸͷѭŵһ·ΣһĹ򣬾ȻߵһߵС
СһԼһƽҵĳε棬⴦Ҫ΢߳һЩ¶ɫʾǸոձ˷ģϻԪͯĵطǱǷ˿ָ˻ȥ
֮ѩʱͣϸһ˿˷ܵĹâзһͺֻǿ׳ǰצ̿ʼɿǰ
ѾϻٹˣǳɣһĹֻѩѾȫ˿¶澲ŲһӰ֮ǰȥõԪͯ
Ԫͯ¶˳ѩʱ˷Ĵһ˶ϵë֮󣬴һţԪͯͷҧȥʺλãӲʳʱԶסʺŻʱء
ڱ׼ԪͯʱһֻͻأĳԱǰ
ͻı仯ŵԱ̹ҪˣӵķӦٶǺ죬ֱһ㣬ֻͬʱ˲ʹܵʮ׿⣬зһͳĺ۾˿˿Ķס˸ղűڳĴӡ
ѩ֮һֻͻȻץס˴ӵıԵͼԭѩԪͯԭѪɫĲҰӣĿʼһ
ԭѾԾԪͯȻڴҹѩɽôˣ
ʱѾȷԪͯˣô뿪ģҪթƭɲһ׵顣
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ѹ֮ԪͯҵĿһ󣬺ð֮Ż˾
һ֣ȻѲˣȻǶ֪ʬҩ仹һصط
˵һԪͯӿ˳۾Ǳ߲Զǻľ޴ѩʱһЦСȻүүʱˣĲ㱻ˣ
ѩ˻ҲöΪСڵ¹߾ûȥġ
ػصĵߣѩĴ۾עԪͯƺͲɵʳӡ
ôүү
Ԫͯ΢΢һ̣һɵɫͻȻӿ˳һɸõϢʱںпʼɢ
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⼸ᣬʱҪѩֱһʹ֮󣬻ѩϡ
ٺ٣С֪үү
ԪͯһͳЦߵѩߣӿֻ˶ıӣٺЦ֮Ȼһ壬ֱⶼûѩĸӲĽѩ˳Ⱥںлš
ʧȥѩ۾̿ʼʧȥ˽㣬һ֮ͷһᣬ׵ɥʧ
ЩǿϧûʲôǣȻҵʬҩͦаҲָֻһˡ
Ԫͯҡҡͷֱһ̽ϵѪҺȫ׵һԡ
лɢһŨŨѪ֮һĹΧʹ˼ͳĺȻĲʳᵽѪ֮˷ʼۼ
ɣСԹǣүүƾͿǻָˣ
һЦԪͯһʹܵͷĴϣ󾲾
ʧ֮󣬲ԶЩǻľ޴ʳ̿ʼۼ˹˶ĺǣҲ׳˶ޱȵľܣЩƽʱѵһĲʳרǣʱŨصѪζ׷˹
ûһԸˣһֻ޴ѩ㹻ǳԺöˣʹĲʳߵҲһһĻԪͯҪġ
鲻ϣӵʱ䣬Щ׺ݵĲʳǾͿʼײеɱֻʴ׳˶ľײУһƾͿ׵ķΧĺǣЩеĺǣ֮ûһֻٶվƺ׵Ķˡ
һֻбľܣһֻܣϾͿԽҵƻָˣټĶǣҲӦòˣʣһĴָɣ
ĵ˵ͷ֦ϵԪͯһ˿Թ˰췢飬Сӣһ鵽˭ʱߵˣΪľɥȪ
һǿɱȻ·Ĵɱǵľ̸ӦͷϿմǿɱһ޺֮ʱ𣬽ӽ֮ߵǿ׳ǲ϶ë˶ԴĶ֦ϵһСĺӰ
תֻľܣԪͯವһ֦ʧˣһѾ˾ܵıһ̧Ѿ


803 
һСʱ֮󣬰˹ɽĳѾѪȾˣϵʵѪһصĶʬΨ֮ǰԪͯʧˣ֪ȥ
һ֪Ѿص弫Ǳоڣ͸˻ˡ
֪ԪͯȻǰԾʱҲǲɵһ꣬˵Ҳʶ˼ʮ꣬˷ǲľ飬ֻǽʱͬգҲֻܸпһˡ
ʱԶڼǧĻģڻӿ
˾ȻڻڵǷǳһѾע⵽˾ķչнʵһ֪ڷɱһܴӶѵء
ڶһ˴ķȨѾﵽߵ㣬˵ĵһø£ֻҪǹڹ˾飬ȫȨȥɳ۵˸
ҲûйΣȻôʹ˾飬ɾľĴ˾͸ĹϵƵĽӴϵ׳˾Ӱ֪ҪһԵĹӶ֯һֱڳŬš
˾ܲð칫ҡ
ܣǾһºˣѾˣĿ
Ȼ˵ǹޱȣѰôĻһΪԷǳԼɲôúŪˣֻ΢΢˵ͷӹ˶Էݹļ
򿪺֮ͬһҳҳϸԷҲûдֻǰţǹһ˿ζ΢Ц
ԼҲ˵֮󣬻õ¼ҵһУΪṩʺͲǿҪ޳ΪṩǱɣ
ʮӺ˺ͬĿŶ˵
ʻ漸˲ûʲôֻ֮ɫǷǳĵ˵ͷ
ãǸңõǵ֧Ժܵõʲô׳󲢲ǷǳҪǵ֧֣ûǣҲķչǵʵվܻܲó¼ҵĿȨ˵顣
˫ֽ棬ס°渵ǰǶԸ¼ңȴðźܴΣգ¼ҵǻҪڻķչʧˣҾҪԳ¼ҵıʱܴĸӰ죬˵ĵĳɷ̫ˡ
ֻҪǵõ¼ҵĿȨڶܵõױȵȨܱߵļʡҲӵ㹻ĻȨᱻǴͰɽõǵ֧֣˾ķչٶȾԻڿ
˳׼Ҫ׳ģһ㲻֪ǾıվŵĿ˲ƹܾˣҲӵмΪǿЩ׵Ͳһˡ
ȨƸЩҶҪȻӵеĲǺܶ࣬ҲԲȱ٣ܸҵĽֻЩѣôǾذɣ
Ļɫһ䣬Ŀһۣ֪һ̿ʼĽ
ܣɲô˵ƴƴȥΪĲ֣˭ԼȨǮƸأ
ǰܣǵİЩֿɵãҪȥȡ˸ˡ
˿ʼһһ˵ͣĳ˫ɣҪҡľġ
Щǰǹһ˿Ц
ʮ
ûлͷĺһͼڲԶɳϵһȻˣޱĵ˵ͷָľɳķ
۵ĳԱʮ壬ɹרŰѵģһеѣһѵ۳Աʲô⣬ֵɽ
տʼֻһһµûľʰֵ𽥼ǿļ˿ʼЩԾˣǺʼɫҲ𽥵ĳ죬ƺľûдһصħӰĸй١
ÿһû𣬶·ǣǵһ㣬ֵĸоﲻɵһӵĹ򣬾۾һϽĻ˹ȥ⼸˵ҲòȥǱ߿֧š
ˣʮ
Ǹ˵ķ΢΢ͷһЦľûͣǸٶȻָǰĬ״̬һԲ
Ǵḷ́ǸûʲôСӣǾоһ׾ӵ˵ǣҾĵǵǹʹ
һЦɫͻȻôҪõ֧֣ǵ̫Զˣµ˹˵ɣƾǣûʸ;
ȻҲûʲôü̸ȥˣûǵ֧֣ͬһɢɳҪۼһһϦͿ԰쵽飿ܲˣߣ
֮ɫĿһɳǱߵˣղŵһĻǵڻǣǸͬħһûڻǵĶĤлصһݻ֮󣬼˷˻Եͬ飬׼뿪
׼ΪȻβǾͷ֮ǣܷΪ
һ£
ĻǼ϶ʱһ˿ϲɫ׻ǳסһΪֱʹ̫ƯˣֻҪε̸гɹǾͿ԰ıʱһ˭ںأ
뵽⼸˵ӵİˣתӺ󣬷·߸ϵľһ㣬мĿôܣ֪Լˣ
ѽιǺгģôԻǵĳԣҲΪ˾õķչıȡ˫ӮĽǺܺ𣿡
ûܣղĻǵģҪǵǸĻǺ;֮ĺ޷ȥˣ
˵ҵΪ׼ˣ̰ڳһ߸ϵ̬˳˳Ҫ̾ͷ
ϧǶôõûС죿
֮ԽסǼˣһǣϾǿͣⲻڣ黹ǱҪģôܽľ顣
ǶԷȻ˼ΪˣҪŵ̬ˣԾȻת۾ʹ𵶵ڳһ˸߸ϵ̬ЩЦãа̾һ
ͣ
żһı飬Ҳ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ĻɾöԷûʲôɫˣֻж̶̵֣Ѿľġ
Ǽ˿ˣΪҪӻ¾뿪ˣΪǣֻһǳ׵Ĳ´ˡ


804 
һΣǼ뿪ˣûκ˼
ڼ֮һ绰
ͨＯ𣿰ת٣
绰̵֮ͨ˵
һߣͨＯŵǰ̨ӴԱ˵绰Է˵ԱԺ΢΢һ㶣漴ֱӽĻԳǺйϵˣתӵܲð칫ҡ
뵽λǰ̨С̾Ͱѵ绰ӵܲΰİ칫
ͨＯţڶѧͬѧΰĹ˾ΰʵǶĽСӣȻ˳Ƿʳ򣬵ͷȴǴڹϣҪ÷磬Ҫꡣ
ټϱϼҵ֧֣ͨＯŸһСżٵţѾ˶жСĽڼˡ
ʱΰЩĺƾƣЩΪļ̫죬˶һЩĲЩ֪ϼҵ֧ţҲôǵģЩ˾;ڱ°ӣʹһЩ˵ʱʧ˲١
ϼҵļʵȻڶҲǱȽǿļ֮һ屾ӪĶҵԶҲûʲô취ΰȻҲɵȥЩƲ
ι˭
˼ĵ绰ΰƿصһ٣˵绰ɲôá
ƺȽưǲʲôյ飿
΢΢һ㶣ͷΰЩ꣬ʱЦһ䡣
˭
ΰʱû˿ЦʱЩĽ

Ҳ⣬ͨʶΰģҲһ㽻飬ؼȽΰ뵽ΰ

ΰüͷһ壬ƾ˵ĴһʱЩӦ
Ǿ˾
Цҡҡͷ
ܣʲôܸˣѽҸղźȵе࣬ܲҪⰡ
˾֣ΰ֪绰˭ˣǾ˾ܲε֮һ
Сӣû£ǶѣҲͲҪˣһˡ
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ΰ֪˾ģȻûк˵Ǽεļ֮УѾһߣҪʶûУڸսթĹл÷ˮ
ԶҪ϶ҪȥģҲζŰ϶ǵ飬οȹĻڿѾǸ·ˣﻹнͨＯš
֪һЩ飬ǰڼǱߵĹϵֲʲôٶͨＯΪЩҲŵĽŲŵӯҲʼ»˾ֲĿֻҪͷ˾ͿԺͨＯźʱһ鶼Ǿ˾ƽ
ЦЦƽ˵ƺ˵Ǵ飬ȫһӰ쵽ŵشˡ
˵ĲΪ⣬ΰɲΪڿЦΪʮ˽ģԲԵ޹ʵ˵ֻ˵⡣
ȻֻΰԼô룬ǲôģȻǲɵɵȥ⡣
İԸЩһټ򵥲ˣıʲôΰǿһӶĹ˾ʵǿһ˿Բģұվ׵ˣ͸ηˡ
ȻҪͨＯſ϶ȫЭôһ仰̿ʼϣ
뵽ͨＯھ˾İ¼ٵţ뵽˴Ľҷɽڴǰΰһ˷̴ܵӦĺҪ
ʱ˿̣ղŴ칫뿪ļסڶľƵôľƵ꣬ҲƵĺ
ճ˵ʱӦ˽ǽ̸ܻϾǺž޴棬˾ھҪʽע룬ܸõźͽ࣬ȴؼʱܾ̾ǣβơ
ǽһǾΪһˣǲ֪УЩνʲôǡ
ʶ֮ЩȨƣһȤûˣһֻúõĴһǱû츳Ϳˡ
Сӣǰǻ˵ôҹҲǸαӣôʱ䶼ûǣмǲǳ⣿
һɳϣЩǵʵ
ʲôŹȥ˶ãҪ֪ȨǵУҪڶٵķչͱЩСǵȻȲЩ壬ǵǱЩ岼ĸӹ㷺̾
һ˵ֻҪ΢һ룬֪˭ǿˣǺƽȵĺЩֻбǹʹķݣأܿͻ׵ġ
˵Ļ⼸Ҳ˵ͷ˵ĺеҲƽ͵ĵ
ھ˾ʱǷ˵绰һͨＯŵĺΪ˫һµľ棬˫ӮǰЩˣһʼûǹֻΪԷԶòԵĽӴһѡ
ݺһ裬׼úõĺһڵʱ򣬰칫ҵͻȻˡ

˲豭ָƽ
ܣһַ鱨ЩԾҲʲô⣬㿴
һԲʷ˽һݱϡ
ʲô
˱棬һ֮Ҳüͷ
һλȥ̽ףϼҵĴһ£ǴͻȻˣҶʮֵӼ˵ĻڴﲻͣĿɽʯ·޽ʲôһλ޽Ķη˻һֵǵ״
ɴʯͷΣжʮ׳м仹ڷŸӸʯͷЩʯͷЩɣϸ֮ʲôûзо˰죬Ҳû⾿ʲô
ʮ㿴ʲô
ɻ鱨ߵʮ£鱨ݸʮ塣
ĿϢʮ建˫ۣһ֮Ƿ鱨ɻɫҲ֪⾿ʲô
΢΢ҡҡͷʮ彫鱨ֶԱ۾˵Ϣ״̬
ʮӣϰˣҲΪ⣬ֻǵȻһЦ鱨ϣͨȥˡ


805 Ѫ
ȵ뿪֮ͳֻ鱨ֱ֮Ӵ˶
ôˣȻ֪ʲôˣƷЩʶģҲ֪ʲô¸ȥǰæ
ʱĽڵׯ԰ںҶһ飬ѾȡһݽҶģһµ㿰һ֮۷ĸȫܺͣõôҶȻĻϲ
ƷɺͷһߣҶĽо͹̣һ˵豸ȽϸȤ
ʱϵװͻȻһ죬һĨ̳һʾʾһϢϸһȻǴ﷢Ϣ
ԭΪʲô˵飬Ҳһ߿ǰ豸һĵɨǸϢϾֻһͨˣõϢҪЩ˵Ҳʲôµġ
ĵļɨȴöͻȻĻعͷƶĻϵͼ̷Ŵһ޴εһĶʱǰŴʮÿһʯͷɼ
ϸıһ֮󣬶ɫʮѿתȥķ
ôˣ
ЦתͷʵѾ˶߹ˡ
²ˣ
üͷ˵
ʲô飿
ҲʱΪʮ˽ģ޵ķʸȻô˵ˣ϶ʲô·ˡ
ڲܳѪ
ǸĻŴ֮Ƶ˵ǰһ޴ͼĳˡ
Ѫⲻ񻰴˵ѵѪ
ƷҡͷһЦ˵
ѪǴ˵ʵںڰ֮еռ
ʮ࣬ǰһϿ⣬ȡ˺ܶɵϣǴЩеõЩѶϢ֪Ѫһ˵ʵڵһʹڣѪҲȻϡ
ѪҲӦŷɣôܻܵȥҪ֪ĿߵĽأҪΪĹϵڻҲǺġ
ҲֵĿŶ˵
ĵķȷʵǷǳǿ󣬲иɻģô˻ģһܺõӣƫԶĵһ㶼ǺѷֵģȥѰǡ
˵ͷϢŴ˼϶ʱһЩ鱨Ľ˵һ»ؼ̽׵ʱϼҴѶϢ⣬ֲ֪ʲôԾͽϢҿˡ
εĶʲôһ󷨣
˵ͷָָǸ޴ֱʮʮ׵ͼʵ
ѪĻӦһ̳εĶӦþâ˰ɣ
ûشһԿŵҶĵ˵һ䡣
Ҷʿ˵ĲȷʵһâǵͼâϵһʮҪϵ˵ܶ󷨵ĹܶҪâǵ֧֣귢â󷨵ˣŷ޵ʷҲָǿ֮һ
˵ͷ˵Ҷⷽ沢ûʲô̫˽⣬ֻǶһЩͼһЩ̳·ϷͼΣϵͳȶԷƺһٻ͵󷨣ٿ϶ⷽĹܡ
˼ǣѪâ󷨣׼ٻߴĳֶ뻪ģ
üͷʱ
ҿԿ϶һֹܡ
ܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ʲôϢ𣿡
΢΢ͷ˼һʵ
λѾȷˣںϵľڣһǳƫԶĴׯׯѾѪˣЩ˶ѪĸӹѾʧȥ˱־
˸ָĻ̳һĵĵͼһڵͼϳˣ鱨ᵽĶ
ȻǱ߳ѪȻҪȥģʱ޷߿ŷﻹһЩҪ
һ۵ͼϵλãüͷ΢˵ûȥɽѰ龧߻ڲֳ飬ҲЩֲ
ͽǰɣ
ƷĦȭƵһЦԸѪ⻹ǵһΣ֪ЩѪǲ˵еǿ󣡡
ҺƷһȥҲиӦҲ뿴ЩѪ׳ʲôӡ
ҲͷһЦ
Ҫ⣡ѪﲻôöԸģѪȻ˵кܶ࣬ȴôףҲû֪ǿѾӹɵһ飬Ϊ͢Ϊλǿ󣿾ΪҪѹѪ
ɫҡҡͷ
͢ĴΪѹѪ
˵Ʒһ㶣û뵽Ȼ顣
͢˹Ѫʹ˺ڰ˵ںڰ֮УѪ齨һڰ̻ᣬʹĹ̻ᣬҲ̵Ľ͢ͷ˫Ѿǧˣ֮УΪ͢ǿޱȵĽ̻ʣѪѾ˺ڰ֮С
˵㿴ڼû֪ѪڵʵΪѪֻǸ˵ΪѪǶѾѾᣬƽʱûκε𣬳Գʱ⡣
ڰ̻ᣬԹԣû뵽ѪȻôǿ
Ʒɶʱ
һ̷ͥ˼ǧԲκεӣ
ˣĵ˵ͷѪ㻹֪ʲôϢ𣿡
Ϣ֪ܶ࣬󲿷ֶǴţֻһЩѾ֤ʵϢĴžͲ˵ˡ
Ŵ˵Ŀǰ֪ѪǼƶȣԼΪŽһƽʱɢڸǲģϾŷ͢ǿϵĺڰϢŨһ֣ױ͢Ƿ֣Ҳ⣡
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Ѫϵܼ򵥣ĶǴĺڰ֮еѪڽսͣΪѪһʱ׹ŷޣαװᣬŷ޻÷ˮԺԾλֵȼӾоȼ
˵еϵ㣬Ǵﵽ˺ĵȼ൱֮Ѿ쾳Ҳ弶УǴ˵ĴڣĴڲ࣬ʹѪҲ޵еĴڡ
˵ʲô
˶һۡ
ѪֻҪﵽ˹ĵȼͿڸڵϢһûκε֮£ܵκε˺
˵


806 ֮
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µѪΪڵڰԷǳĴ⣬ԻᱻȵˣʵǿһѾˣҺѪȺУѾʮԱ𡣡
˵ͷ˵Ѫƺʲô취ڰҲĻκε󣬾ǲ֪ǲǵĻԸѪ͸ӵˡ
д˵еٺ٣ѪԽԽ˼ˣ
˶Ľ˵Ʒɷǵûк£һ˿˿˷
ʵڴвɿ֤̺ͺڰ̻ô֮УмصѪûսȥһν̻ʣѪɱˣȷļʷе飬ͨ˿ĻΪֻǸ񻰹¶ѡ
ҡҡͷ
Ȼɱ˽̻ʣ
һ˿㵣ŷ˺ܶ꣬ڽ͢ȻûʲôֱӵĽӴҲ֮͢ǿ󣬽̻ΪƹһǿԣʵȻǸ˵ˡ
ǽ̻ʾȻһѪ˺ŵģŽ̻ʿ˵֮һʱԽյϵ۵ּ⡣
ҪСѪǶʢʱڵʱ򼸺ռŷޣʱ̻̽ʾѪУڽ͢ǿˣѪѹˣԲŵѾѪĿ¡
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Ѫɱ񻰼пĻѪƺǷǳɱġ
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ѪĴڵǲԵ𾪺ͺ棬ô꣬ʲôֵˣҲһѪڲķʮֵܣѪȻԴҡڵܽ˺ϣǱߴâǼ̳Щ˼ˡ
ȥҲ벻ʲôĽͣҲֻεҡҡͷȰŵһߣ͵ѪԼҰ취ܽĵġ
Ѫȷʵǳɱɱ׵ĻкܴļʻḴ˵ĻѪ˵ûʲô̫ãӵпٻظֻ࣬ǵҪұ֮УЧɱǡ
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Ʒɶʱʵͷ˼ȥ࣬ʱ϶Ѫϵģڲ˽һ㶫ʱǻѪԸģʱпܾΣСˡ
һذף֮ԱΪ֮УΪذǴ죬ұ͢˼ӳǿĹֻҪһѪҿѪЧû˱Ƚ͢ӵ˽ѪϾѾ˼ǧꡣ
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ƲĲ̸һͨذףֻɴѣȻټӳ˽͢Ĺȷʵûʲôرȵĵطǽ͢Ϊ˴ĶԸѪʹã϶ǲƷӡ
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֮Уֻн͢ŻУطڵĿԼ΢΢ȻҲпеĺŻղصصذףҲò˵ذ׵λǲܱЩϲģûκεص㣬ȲһѾƯ
΢΢˵ͷ
ѵҪͽ͢ȥӴȻҲŪص֮С
üͷ͢ǲӴģȻںѪĶ֮У͢վ˹һ棬ŹЩ鶼ֻƭƭͨˣȻǲȫŽ͢Ǵһ
ĿǰĻ⣬ûбİ취ˡ
ܿ϶˵
㿴Ǹ
˼һ󣬿ʵ
ûбİ취ЧɱѪ𣿡
ڽ͢Ҳûʲô̫ĺøУܹʢһʱĵӶ̫ɾǿ磬ЩͿ͸ˣûбҪĻҲ֦
ĿǰĻûеģȻɱѪķܼ򵥣ǽ֮вѪ࣬ͿɱѪˣһذױ˵ǲǵ࣬ǰͳѪҲþͻһеܶڽ͢ץš
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΢΢һЦ֮뿪оҡ
ʫԴӻصׯ԰֮󣬾һֱھ֮УҲûʲô飬ʹڷչʫϣ˵˵ʲôģһġ
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˻ţһĹͿСľͷһɫĽãõĹģȻǲܺʥºάּĴȣֻһʮ׸ҵСãŴԵıȽϳ¾ɣеʷˡ
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һ֮ɫĺһڵҲĵĴ߶һвǾ׼֣ȻԷǽ͢һӣ浽вĹͷ˭ҲЩģȻǱҪˡ
ûжʥĹԣ˵жΪԸûκεɱûиоԷɱ⣬ȻӦһģɱƻԵ֣ͻˣϾ˶ļߣһȼбȽߡ
ԭߡ
ˣͻȻһ˿Ц⡣
ʲô𣿡
˾ʵ֪͢Ըߣִġ
Ȼûʲô⣬ܹԸѪˣôҲͨˣҸղø֪鿴һǵͣԭǶļߣҲһǿߣĻԸѪһյģͨ˵ĻһὨԶһ㡣
̻ҡҡͷϾ͢ķЧҲΪͨ׼ģֻǿߣʹЩȥԸѪ

üһװɻıʵ
ѪΪ츳ָʮֵǿֻҪѪҺĹӦǼԿǲĴڣǳĳִ֪ѪУλѾǧʱ䣬ƾõҲǸǻۡ
̼˵ڵѪѾǰͬˣصĸϢӵûĹߣ޷صĿģ͢ںѪǧʱУרŶԸѪǿǸ
˵֮󣬻ת˹ȥ˺ƷɽһƷڿڴĵĴһ׷ŸŻ˽ȥ
Ľòûʲôߵǰ̨֮ƽʦ̨ӣŻ̨߽ӺһСš


808 þ֮
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СźĿռ䵹ԽԽͨ˵£ŵĹǰһ·Ļ̣Ѿֱܹˡ
ںƷɺͷˣСıž룬һǰһ۳ʲô״ģԻӦڽڲɭĵطߣҪ˵ﲻëƭ˵ģǱߣҲһẦ¡
յĽŲʯͷͨصĻ죬ƷɺͷѾĽͽŲǻƺںЩŲɷһ̤̤Ŀն졣
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˴ԼӲĻͻȻͣǰ淢һž֨ѽһĿǰһĿռ䡣
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ӴԼƽڷŸι״̾ߣ÷˸ȤĻǶǽϵһľϣŽʮһģһذףذ׵ʽͶǿ֮е״ǳơ
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ֱǶԸѪĴɱһǿѪסɼþ֮еˣҪ֪ѪѾ޾ɱˣڹ֮µǿڰˡ


809 طˮ
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̵г˳羴ʹ֮⣬ǷǳµģȻıþ֮вʹԼӳ֣Ҳɿ̻ʴԼӳ֣Ϊ۵üӳ֡
üӳ֣ıþ֮УԶôǿ
һ˿𾪣ֽһħԶϵѾĳ֪
ˣּӳֵķἫ𺦼ӳ֮˵̻ʴڿҪعõʱ򣬲ñӳİѲþ֮УǿҲֻӳֳİѶѡ
̻ĵ˵ͷȻ̻Ѿ֪˶꣬ǲ赲λ̻ʵĳ羴
ԭˣѹֲþ֮жٸ֮УԭΪԭ򡣡
ŻȻ˵ö̻ʵӳֳİѲþ֮Уǽ͢ˣǿ󣬵ǽ͢Ҳ׶õġ
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ͻȻ޽̻ʺԤ׵Ŀ˵ˡ


810 ̻
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۾Ҳ޽̻һ˲Կˣһʱ䣬˫۾ͳ׵Ļָͨ˵״̬޽̻ʻĴվȨȣߵ¥ıԵ·һȻƮĽƲʡ
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һЩסˣÿ꣬ǾӺڰѳһһεʧܲûȡѵԽԽſһȺ޴ﰡ
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ʱڿʮƪ£ʥмصϵ۽ڲĦԼǰ䲼ʮ涨
ݡʥϵָͷдʯϣԼ棬ͽ֮Ϊ׼ҲԼΪ淶ķġ
ӵһ뿪ʼĬĬΪ׼ָҲҪԼһҪ顣
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͢ߵҲᣬƷɺͷ˵õ֮кħ̸֮ϻĽڣΪ˷ֹܵ͢׷٣ǻƵĵطһȦӲŻصλĽڵоׯ԰
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ѡʵعҲûеģǽ͢ǧУֵܹعõĵߣӵ޷Խԡ
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ҵǾЩѪǳСģǳʫġ
ʱһԵĸ˵ˣҲЩԥҲǷǳȷ
Ϊʲôô˵
ʵ
ҺǽֵʱһָоЩѪһɱ޹öౣķͱѪѪƺĿģƺĿģֻΪɱ¾ҲִΪǿǸѪʫϵʱ쳣Ŀȡ
˼˵ʱҲ֣ΪʫϴϢֱ棬ͨ˲ûʲô࣬ǸѪڼʫ֮ȴǷѾץֱӳʫϳ˹
ʫģ
ɻĿһʫϣʫҲһɻ
ʫԹɣҲûǣַǳͣһԸſ飬ҲȥһģҲǳһŮӣ˵ѪһͲš
ǸĻҲܲϾѾָһ쾳ָеʵ쾳ֵĸ֪ǷǳеģǸѪǳʫģôĸʾͺܸˡ
ʱҾʫϲԶǸѪʫϹȥˣȻȥ赲ˣ˼غϺѪֲҵĶ֣û뿪뾡취ҪӽʫϣҪȥҧʫϣҸˡ
˵ͷ
ôĻǵĿ껹пʫϣǲ֪ʫΪʲôǶˡ
˼˵
Ȼ֪ԷѪҲðˣֱӹʥ´õĸﵽ񸸺ͽ͢ˣЩѪ϶׵Ŀط
Ҷһ΢΢һЦָָԶߴΡĽãĽڵʥ´á
ϣѪֵĸоô
ЦҶһеȷǺȻ͢˲ӻǣȫԺٻĽ͢ԼϾʥ¿к´ĴãһѪĲ
Щһٶȷǳ죬ƺÿһóٶȣҲޱȣһЩڰħȽѲǻԽǵȼߵѪҲԽ࣬ҽֵǸѪʵ൱۷֮Ӧһλ
һ˵αǿѪģҺǸѪסѪˣǴе֮УҲûʲôЧİ취ԸЩѪֻĿ뿪ˡ
ٶȿ죬󣬻ʹһЩڰħ
üͷ΢΢ͷ˼һЩѪѶԸĵطѪµǻָλò֮вУصƶа취ظһָٶȻͦ죬ѪѲĵط
ѪǶԷΪ޷ĹѪı˾
ʱȴȥܷܲһЩʲôԾĵطʱȻػȥϾǵĵ̣ѪǿҲڻĹȻ֡
˼һվ˵
ԸЩδ֪ѪЩȥ̽ϢһѪǵӦֹûһ֪ѪжôѲ
뾡ʫϾΪʲôԭ±Ѫ׷ܲһôţοڲҲѪôıӡ
ףҲҪСġ
ʫ϶һ䡣
Ҳô˵ģȻʫѾ˵ˣҲֻûЦһЦˡ
İɣЩѪҪ䵽ҵϣҪ뿪ɲô׵顣
ҡͷһЦͼ˽һ飬뿪Ǹ޵ԺһȥѪټȥˡ
Ҳʼ綫ĺ࣬طѾëȻĸоˡ


815 Ѫ
ĽڵĳҪΪ󲿷֣ҪۼҵĸǣһЩСƹݻƽסլء
Ƶʥ´þǴڶߵķΧ뿪Ǹ޵ԺֱӳȥˣдĽ͢ԱѪûҲԲѡڶ߳ûģֵ߳ĸҪӴһЩ
ĵķֽߣԿߵĽԵı仯ӸߴɵȺ佨ֱӾͱ˵Ͱķݣȴ𽥵ĴȻ˸࣬˽׼Զֻѡ
ڴϢȺУĴţɫ磬ѪӦòô֣ȻϵѪѾη⣬һڼ߹ѪֵطҲǾòܡ
Ѫͳŷ޼¼Ѿϰ˸߹ӰҲɱ˴Ѫǵĸûбĺڰ
˼ɫͼָ㳦һ
ڵ¹Ļ׻ǱȽټģڴϣʱľ˺ĴһעԶĶˡ
ҲмܲѺõĿ⣬һЩķ·Ŀ⣬ȻǸоЩĿ⣬Ϊ⣬װʲô֪ӣڴĴĻţһĽеķ顣
ɫİֵҲʼ·ƣЩֵСƹǻûпţЩǲ֮Ҫȵ֮Ż½½Ŀš
˳ŽֵԵһ·ڣת˽ȥ߽ȥ֮󣬼ĸӰҲٵĽСŲٵ׷ǰȥ
ң
Щ˸һ·ϣСӵľͷʱͻȻһתһ֮ǰҪҵǸ׵ο͡
еӣȻǣ˵ǵһ¹ˣСӣ﹤
һ׳˶ĵ¹󺺣ת´һۣ¶һ˿Ц
Щƺ޹أǸҪʲô
ҡͷһЦתͷܵǽڣ˸ְ߲Ķ·ⶪ
үͷеҪǮ
Ǹ¹һЦƲͷʾһ£̰γŵĵذס
ԭٵģȻûв´ﲻ˶۸˰ɣ
Щ˰γ˵ذףǵûк£ǰ˹ȥ
СӣһͰϵǮƽǮ׬ֻһ
¹󺺽ȭͷĿ֨֨죬ݺݵĿ˵
˵ƺе
˵ͷһʧԭأһѾ˴󺺵ǰһֱ࣬Ӿס˴󺺵Ĳӽҽ৵ľţŵɵСȫĻ˹ȥ
㣡㣡
ס˲ӣ¹ɫǵͨ죬һ̾׼
Ҳϰ֪ܶƷҪ֮νлͱδӶԷѣЩȻǴ;ѧģֻѧĽ̶̳ѣǻͦõģŴΰΣ
ϧһᵽ֮ϣ֮󣬸һŻûߵʱȫͻȻоһʹӾĹҲ᲻һ·һ˼׵Ĵһ
ͦࡣ
ҡҡͷһӣǸ¹صˤǽϣߵǰ΢΢˵˵ʲôʲôаϻҾֱɱ㣬׾͵ͷ
Ǹ¹Сװͷµĳ֮µĻ˻ֱɱȻͷǣϵʹ񾭣ǺӲžʹæĵͷʾ⡣
ܺã
ĵ˵ͷֱʵһ첻Ϥ
ϤϤҴСﳤÿһֵҶǳϤ
Ǹ¹̿ٵ˵
ҵ̽ϢĵطҪһкܶСϢԴĵط
ֱ˵ʵûȤӣԵƿžԵš
Ѫưɣ
¹̺ԥ˵ľưɾѪкܶڰĳԱһЩֵֹˣĻܶĪϢ
ֵֹˣĪϢ
ʱɵĿŴʵ
ǵģҲ˵ģ֪Ǽ٣ϴҵɽķ˵￴һ˻𣬲ҹȶˣŮˣ˻þôֲܱѪ
ŻľʹǿЦ
ڿЦŵȴ΢΢һȻ˿Ѫ
ȻǸǸ˵Ļûţȴ֪ѪʵڵģǸδؾǻþпǸѪ
Ѫưɣ
˼һŴʵ
ӵĺ棬ȥôǰƹȥϸʮӵʱ͵ˡ
æƲͷСӾͷǶǽʾŤͷĶһʹ
ղΪ˲ôҶֱһ˴ȫĹͷеĹؽڶѾʵ״̬ܹѵ˵ò󺺵ˡ
ܺãϵôãҵ⣬СʱȲˣԺСһ㡣
һ˿⣬һָһֱӴ˴ؿڵѨ¹̾ͻ˹ȥǰŵذ׵Сһ
ĸ˲صͰĺ棬һݣ̾ƾԽǶǽ
ǽһ˲һأǵƺ̵ĸҹͻʱдű¶Ůڽֱ⣬ߴ˧ˣЩŮеĿ꣬һڴϣ̾⵽˺ܶ˵ѯʡ
ЩС㣬ûж֣ЩŮҲЩˣǼ΢еҵ׵ģŮ顣
ЩŮȴţһŵȥؼ˷ܵһС
ʵûа취£ֻʩչ书һڸָŮɿĴ˳۲·߸ָ
ܿ죬ҵ˵¹ӿеѪưɣһȺưɵѪưʵ̫עˣҪעⶼС
޴ƾ͹ſڣйôϻһϵѪŮˣŮ˵һʺѪҺһļβƣʮֵĴԸС
ưɵſڣƤ̿ıڰŴţмҪȥ˾ͱֱӵŶ˴ϡ
һͷЩ׵ˣƨɣֵĲ֪˵Щʲôſڵıһ䣬ŵõͷߣһĹʧ˶


816 βƵİ
һ۱Ѫưſڱߵļˣ΢һ֪ǱϳˣʵǴ̫ᣬȻûʲôǮ
½ǣѪưɵĴ˹ȥ
վס
ߵſڣǸ׳˶ʯһĴ󺺾ס
ôﲻý
ͷһ壬Ǹʵ
ŷãŷԪ
ޱĿ˵
ô󣿡
ʱȵĿǸһۣȻŷԪ˵ʲôǶһͨ˵ȴһСĿѪưɲǿƽľưɣƾʲôôļǮ
ӹԲ
ҲǿǸף󺺲ûԴ֮ǰǼһֱӶ֣˵һ䡣
ûм˵ӿڴͳŷԪֱ˴󺺵ֱӲ˴󺺵߽˾ưɵĴš
ưڵװ޷ʮֵĺڰŵĴż̵װƷо޴Ĺ컨ϣ·ĺŮʱư˻࣬˾ۼСӱߣ˵Щʲô
΢΢һͽЩ˿ѹ͵˸һ
󲿷ֶǹŮ˺ͶƷϢûʲôмֵϢܹĿֱߵ˰̨ĸߵǰһƱ̾˹
ȵʲô
ùһ߽űƱһۡ
ʲôƼ
ɨһ۾ƼĿľˮʵ
һĿˣ϶ǳǵѪģǵƼβƣܶ˺һһȲ塣
Ʊ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ѫ˼һ
ʳָнŲ̋Ȥ˵
Ʊ˵ͷתȥ˼ƿƣǰʼĵ
˼β֮󣬾Ʊ·ĳóһƿصĺɫҺ壬ھƱһҺ壬β̵һ޵ʺɫ
ǺεȵǸصƿӴ򿪵һ˲䣬ŵһŨҵѪζȻǸƿװŵľѪһѪ
ôƳģӵĶƺ棬þҺ
ûֱӵƣװźܺʵ
ٺ٣ǺưĲ֮ͬ
Ʊ˿Χѹ˵Ѫɲ÷ؼӡ֭Ƭ۲˸ϳĵ͵ȼβƣ˴ŮѪļƷҺ
ŮѪ
üͷʱһƿйȻװŵѪҺǴŮѪ
Ĵ˵УŮѪǺʥģӵĹЧ˵ŮĻڿֲ״̬۷硣
û뵽ưɵѪβȻ봦ŮѪѪ⣬ͨѪʼЩ졣
ȻǾڵĴŮѪǾưŵļĴŮռģб֤ÿǶѼʵѪҺһƿѪҺòڶ졣
ƱĻ˻еСƿʺѪҺմȾƿ˳ƿӵıڻȥ
кܶϲѪ
žƱʵ
Ȼһ㶼ƭ㣬кܶණĴˣΪƽʱܲĴϾ֪ģ̫͢ˣױץס
ƱͻȻѹ˼֣ص˵
⵹Ҳǣּ˴ŮѪļβƣ»ᱻ͢˵ɴˮеѪɣ
뿪Цգգ۾
꣡ѪɲǴ˵Ĵڣ
ƱͻȻɫһЩŵĿ˿ܣ漴ʾҪ˵
ѪȻĴڣⲻ񻰴˵Ĺ𣿡
װĸȥյ˾Ʊǰʵ
ȻҲûмѪкܶ඼˵Ѫ˵ڶ챻˽ͷȫѪҺ·ʲôˣǳµӣǶҴЩ飬Ϊ˵ΧŵĸˣαװѪ
ƱЩŵС˵
ԭ飬ȻѪûΪʲôõ񸸲
ʵ
Ǵӻεİɣĵ˵ǲҪĻƤͺ۾ҶΪĵ¹ˡ
Ʊһ˵ƽֱΪ֮õ˸ûֻŴѵĳƱͱ͢׼һãҲ֪ʲôԭˡ
ԭôֲĶûҺ񶼲Ǻܺµӡ
˿Χ˵
٣ѪҲ·Ͼײģ֪ŻһǸ֣ԴһǸôӾͼôӣҪײˣҲֻܹԼùˡ
ͷеľƱƱʼ硣
ҲǣѪǱϡˡ
ٺһЦ
ôȣ
ʱƱע⵽һڶûкǰѪʱֵʵ
Ҳ֪ǵѪ˴ŮѪҾͶԱ˵ѪҺȥȫӵģܲǲˣһɣⱭȡ
ı˸ڣǰѪƵ˾Ʊǰ
ٺ٣лˡ
ƱʱٺһЦӹǱѪɫڱ˼£ĺһСڣﺬŲͣĻζһı顣
ȻǵһκѪˣüͷһ£ͨѪǲôðġ
ʱ򣬾ưſڵִˣһ硢Ŷñݸ˽Ų쳣ӯƺ·ڵϻһ㡣
֮ݸ߸û˿ֱͣתߵһԽһԲǸˡ
ݸ߸֮̾һƱ˰̨һɫľҺһµˮ϶˵˵ǰ
õ㵥Ʊ֪ҪʲôһĻ֤ʵ˵뷨
ǸƱһҺ߾ʱıһᣬ̾ųһѪղǰѪһޣôŮѪƳľҺ
һһҾƱûκֵɫȻǵһˣѾֲˡ
ȻûлͷȥǸݸ߸ˣܾ˵һ˿ԾĵطﲻԾһʱҲ˵˲;ˣ붼⣬Ƿǳġ
ǱߵǸˣ˭
̽ȥھƱĶʵһͷҲصָָķ
ʻƱܵ۾Ȼһ˿ƺڹƷƵʱ䣬ΪⱭ͸ģҲ˼˵ʲôֻ˳ָŵķһۡ
ͼסԸ
Ʊ˵


817 ̽
ͼסԸޣ
˼ظһ˵֣ȻûתȥɿԸоϲͬѰĵطûʲôϢ¶޷жϾûʲô쳣ĵطòԾⱾѾˡ
һˣ޷ָӦģ˵ǰľƱȻҲͲ˴ŮѪѪʼһͨˣΪһЩΪ쳣
źɫݸ߸ȴͬӽưɵһ̿ʼϾһĪĸоָооһЩ
ԸĳͣÿιʱҪһƺõѪ
ƱС˵ǺȵѪ󲿷ֶǾҺֻһ㴦ŮѪԸǺѪȴǲ˼ѪؿζԸϲôȡ
һľƣѪ
ԺͻȻһ磬˼ά̾ʶʲô
ͼסԸޣпܾһѪ
һ࣬Ǽ޷صѪζģǰľƱҲǣȵѪȻҲѪֻһ㣬󲿷ֶǾˮζ˵Ѫֻǵɫѣھˮûʲôζ
ǸͼסԸޣȴǼںѪѪѪľٶѣҺĳɷѾˣ󲿷ֶǴŮѪ
ǲأȻһѪᵹҪúõһʣѪ֪֪ʲô
а˼һĺűеᣬׯ԰ϮѪͳĽڣ˽ľ룬ѪһӴ֮һʲôϵͼסԸޣһʳһ
֮Ҳ˹ĺ˾ƣͼסԸ뿪ưɣʱֱӸȥѡһطֱ£úõһ
ԼһСʱ֮ͼסԸڽһѪˣĲ˲ǣӻͳһǮҲֱӶϣ뿪˾ưɡ
״Ҳ̽뿪ˣߵʱ򻹶˾ƱһŷԪѣʱþƱüЦһл
뿪ưɵʱɫѾȫ·߻ƵĵƹⲢṩЧ󲿷ֵطǺںġ
ͼסԸȴǲںЩƺÿ·ͷϴŵĶñԴҲߵķɿ죬ϴŵһĺɫۣ·Ưڵϻһ
ϢԶԶں棬ͼסԸûʲôرϢ¶ȻȻа취ĸŲŵģϢ֮ͼסԸ˵ĸΪףͼסԸҲûзֱ˸١
һǰһ˼ӣͼ׺ܿľͽһﵽվŮЩĺйĵط
ͼסԸ޲һȥ̾кܶվŮϵ֣ܿͼסԸ޵ӣ˿ûӰվŮǵ飬ǳֻΪ׬Ǯڿ˳ôɲҪǵ飬ǮˣӦ
ͼסԸƺЩվŮǲð˿δֱͣӴһ˺󷽵һǰͣš
нļһλɫ긾Ůţһ洩һڵˣû˵
ҡ
ͳͼסԸ޵Ŀд˳
Ը
긾Ůɫ̱ˣӿֳһ˿ϲɫ󽫴ŴˣͼסԸ޽ȥˣٶȽĹ˴š
ǵ𣿡
ͼסԸһ߿ٵߣһͷҲصʵ
ѾˣһǸ˵˵⣬ֻˡ
긾Ů첽ͼסԸ޵æػص
ô⣿
һͼסԸ޵ͣ긾Ůһûע⣬ֱײͼסԸ޵ϣź˺üվˡ
Բ𣬸Ը
긾ŮЩʧӡ
˵ô⣿
ͼסԸ޿ɲں긾ŮײֻΪʲôȱһ˸Ȥ
˵Ǳ̻ĽΪˣˡ
긾Ůæ˵
̻ˣôɽסˣСһ𣿡
ͼסԸƵʵ
ԸԴϴׯ԰Ϯ֮󣬽̻һѲͱȻѾСˣǻʧһѪʳѾϵǱ߾һˣֻҪͺˡ
긾Ů˵һ˿ɫ
ׯ԰ҶĵоڵǸׯ԰طλĽڵĶͺ̻ܿڵĵطǾʥ´òԶ˵ڽ͢Ƥӵ¡
˽ĵط飬ֱڽ͢һĶ⣬ܹý͢˲ŭ̾ɳ˴Ѳ顣
УҲٵȥˣڵƿҪ񻯣ѪʳܶڵƣѾ޷֧ȥˡ
ͼסԸƿ˶ñ¶·һŲҰɫݣֻ۾Щףǿ£ټϼݵӣͷ·һ߸ʬ
ѹҪŶñȥȾˣӳȥҹܰ˻
ׯ԰ܵ˿ʼ𣿡
긾Ůĵʵ
ǸԻĵͷʵǳǿѾ͹ʵˣûǣҪ߶һ׵飬ڻ뿪ˡ
ĵ˵ͷͼסԸ˵һ˿ɫ
ѪʳǱȷʵʱڵˣóȻıƻӿٶȵĻֻý̻˷֣ʱǻװ׵˷Ѫʳ
긾ŮһΣĿǰƺһ޽֡
ڽ̻ܵʱóȻĽѪʳ϶뻢ڣֻװ׵ý̻˽ɻ񣬸ͲϣǱյ䷽ʽͼסԸڵ޷֧ŵǸʱ
ֻܳȥðһˡ
ͼסԸҲ֪ĿǰƱȽϾҲû긾Ůʲôֻһ˿⡣
̫ðɣԸڳȥԵĻ̻˿ǺײģʱһѲƬطǺпܻᱻһ
긾Ůæ˵
Ҳûа취ˣǷȥطһסء
ͼסԸҡҡͷڵƱָ̻߹ѾЭץǸŮѾܾõòڵİˣαãʱһصڣҲͿԳΪѪһԱˡ
ǺðɣͷһҪСĲС
긾Ůֻܵ˵ͷϵɫһ˷ܡ
ΪѪ֮ԻõĺôǼΪԵģԻָ״̬ӵǿܹϵȥǿԻü޵ÿһѪ˶޷ܵջ


818 Ѫʳ
ͼסԸ޴Ǹ긾Ůһߵ˷һ䷿ڵذϽҿһţ˳Űžȥ긾Ů˳ϾѪ޷ӵôǿԽ
ºڰĿռڣͼסԸ޾վһĿǰʲôһƬʲôҲ긾Ů֮̽µĵƹˣֳ˵ڵĻ档
ڵҵһڷһŮŮȫ¶ƤһƬѪ죬ȻͼסԸ޿еѪʳҲѪٻָõҩ
ѪʳѡŮȻÿιʳӪḻĶѪҺһЩڰϲҩֶһŮϵʳãһºͿѪʳ
ǿѪ嶼Ȧ˺ܶѪʳĳԱṩָҪϾȻѪѾӵ˰ɺͽ֮͢ڲϵսֻǹģûǰôӴĶѣҪ䣬ѪʳŻΪһıƷ
Ը޼壬Ѫʮ֮һʵǿ󣬵һǿļ֮УҲżҵľͼסԸ޾ڷ˴֮󲻱һ˱䵽Ľ
ɺϵԪͯŷϵϵѪ壬ǸԸ޼壬ħȻѪǺǶѪڲķ֧ҲǺϤԪͯϵһŷ޵Ѫ壬ҪѪǰæħ̵˾ϵһѪɾǸԸ޼ˡ
ԺͻĵǿһûᣬԸ޼Ȼǲøļ壬ȻԸ͢ʱѪһͬģƽʱ򣬼֮仹źǿĺʤģǾԲԼļ˺ġ
ΪԭͼסԸ޲ŵõһᣬһ»صĻᣬǰԪͯץסʫϽԪͯػġ
һιʱʧˣΪԪͯʧ󣬱ϾԪͯΪʬסʵ½֮û뵽뿪֮ǰѾڵʬȥˣѾȫָ쾳Ϊһٳ߸ͷһ
ǧټƵĴ뿪˵Ϣ֮󣬳ﱸһʱ̾Ͷׯ԰˹ԪͯڱܵĿǲûһ֣ΪͼסԸѪӣѾ㹻Ըׯ԰ЩˣֻҪץסʫϣ˸ҪԸ
ѪٶȾǿٺʲˣԪͯҲͷĵͼסԸȥжˡ
뵽鲢ͬԤϵǰ˳ͼסԸվׯ԰ꪣָʵĸˣȻׯ԰ڵȴԽԽˡ
ɺϣ֪Ǹ˵ͼסԸˣǸ˵ù
͹ѪʳǸԸ޼ģͼסԸ޴ѪʳҪü֪û񣬻ˣǱ߹ƾͻ᳹׷ˣʱûлٷظԸ޼ˡ
ȻûѪʳͼסԸ޵ҲĻָѪĻָʮֵǿ󣬵Ҫ̫ʱ䣬ͼסԸ޸ûа취ôã뾡ĻָƣȻȥǸʫϵŮԪͯ
Ѫʳƺôá
ߵѪʳǰͼסԸӣüͷʱ
ԸǴһСģǴѪʳ»©ʱܻԸԸ
긾Ůæ˵
ǿҲˣöԼˣȻҪָǺ鷳ġ
ͼסԸ̾˿Ҳ֪ڵܲƣҲֻʱһˣֻҪܹصԸ޼壬ʱȻҪʲôʲôôҲһʵǺǿġ
һѪɫӵѪʳϣֱӴѪʳڲϵĳȡһһѪɫЩӿڣϵĻָ塣
Ѫʳ֮󣬾ΪιĹУѪʳڵѪת˾ѪֱնѪʳԿٻָƵİء
ûѪʳҪٵĻָƣѪֻѡȥѪȻѪҺַ̺ЧʺܵͣҪʳѪ׾̻ע⣬ʱ򷴶ὫĴĸӵΣա
ԼСʱҵĹͼסԸǰǲƮŵɫ޵ĹŶ˿Ҳָһ˿󣬱ȸղ԰׵ɫҪöˣǰѪʳѾһƤңеľյһɶ
ƴŻָ˰ٷ֮ʮôĻٻҪʮָܻҵơ
Ӧڵƻָ֮ͼסԸ޶ʱüͷ
ʮ̫ˣеΣա
긾ŮüͷҲ˿ֻʣƤѪʳа̾˿
ҲΪ֪ͼסԸѪ֮Ը׷ģ뵽ͼסԸֻһѪ
ȻԶͨҪǿ󣬵һѪһͨ˶磬߶У±̻ζűľ棬û˼֧ţһѪҲǽ̻Ķ֡
긾ŮͼסԸ޵һǶʮ꣬ҲӵһŮڵ긾ŮͼסԸûκεı仯ǵǸģפ긾ŮĽȻа̾ǼᶨĸͼסԸ޵ߡ
ȻͼסԸ޿ھ͸ӵתΪѪȱһߣô˳ӵת֮òͻᶨͣҲܽܣԵΪֹһֱһѪһͨˡ
ʰɾҪʲôۼҪȥˣڲָƵĻѪʳչ𽥵ĽͣʱӰָٶȡ
ͼסԸ޽һ֮ͻȻһʮֻڵӺз˳ֱӴͷϵǵţʧټ
ʱ͸סլڲ֪סլھûѪڵĸִڣûóȻȥǾ˸ͼסԸ޳
ܿ죬һȺӷͻȻɳ뵽˸˵Ѫӵһֻı£̾׷ȥ·ķ֮䲻ϵĿٴ
ӷ뿪֮ͼסԸһ·ֱӳź˹ȥȺ֮󻯳һΣ֮ǰʧͼסԸޡ
·ߵվŮǲûзһĻк⣬ͼסԸ޵ĵ֮ǵٴθǡ
һͼסԸѧˣֱѡһĵ꣬˦һƱ˵


819 
ͼסԸ߽һҰĦܴ꣬һһͽ뱳ǽͷǼҰĦꡣ
Ҫʲô񣿡
һͣǷ̴˹ḧͼסԸ޵ؿڣЦȻ˵
ʱͼסԸѾҿͷ֣ɫѾ֮ǰöˣ˺ѪɫС㿴Ҳⶼ˵
еС㶼Ҫѡ
ͼסԸǹһ˿Цݣֱӳ¥ϵķ˹ȥ
ýǶдˡ
һЦͼסԸ޵ıӰе
һĹҰĦʮСͶȺ¥ȥˣһſվͼסԸ޵ķ컷ۺϢ˺Ƿǡ
ЩС˷֮Ȳʼ⿪ϵ¶ֻµıģҲЦ˽
еСˣ׼ѡһѡļ
ָһСĵЦĴ˿һѵϼΣһ˵ЩǮϰǶֵطȥ˶ĸߵ֪λϰǷʲô񾭣ȻȥЩֻ׬Ǯͺˡ
ˣܺãЩȫˣȥѵŹϣЪҵһ˵⡣
ͼסԸ޻һȦӶͳһĳƱֱӵݸ𱡣
ôһŷԪһֵЦÿˮˣ¾ͼסԸ˵ҪһϣҲԥ·ģ˼ҿ
棬Ҿ¥ȥˣǲˡ
һĳƱ˿ڴЦݵĹ˷š
ЩСǺܶµȥһΧͼסԸޣʱһЩջԵĶůϢôһо
ͼסԸһʼҲЦݣһӲʱ䣬ͻȻһ䣬һȻֻͫһȦѪɫĹ⻷̴ܷ˿бȦС㣬ȫϢԵڵء
ǵϻŸղŵ΢Цƺʱǵ϶һʲôоֱӻ˹ȥ
ûа취ˣֻʳһЩۻ಻ѪҺˣǱ̫Σգȥ
ҡҡͷͼסԸߵµһλС㣬ÿͷ¶˰Ĳһţų̴˳һҧСĲ
ֻС㲱ϵĴһһɵѪҺͣӿţĳͼסԸ޵ӿȥǺ߸ʲôʵĶ·ЩѪҺԶӿθһ㡣
һС˸ɣͼסԸһֻ˲ӵʱ䡣
̫ˣЩ˻ԶԶ
󽫸ʬ׵һԣͼסԸ̾˿ҡҡͷһС㿪ʼѪһһѪܿʮλСͶ˸ɡ
˫ۣʼϵĵһȦȦɫĹâЩâڷ˶ӡɫڷۺɫĹΣǳĺˣǷŵʮŮԸʬǸһݿֲϢ
˭
ʱЩյѪҺͼסԸȴһȣ۾˿һӣһѪɫͶⱬȥ
ţǸԸ޼ҵ˰ɣ
ſڵľֱˣһͬڳɫڵ˽
һذĸʬûǸаľȣûϵĸʬһֱۣӾͿϵͼסԸޡ
ͼףԪͯ
кһͼסԸ޵Ϣ˲ƽȥ
ԪͯԸ޼ˣʵҲôһ˵˶Ըˡ
Ԫͯ´һͼסԸޣѪûм棬֮ǰϵȫǵϵ֪ׯ԰͵Ϯʧ֮뾡˰취ҵͼסԸޣû뵽ѪܵôأѾҪʳѪָܻˣⲻеʧ
ⲻǸԸ޼ʧ󣬶ṩ鱨⣬ǸͷûܹˣʵѪĹܴӳѾˣߣ
һ£ͼסԸ޾һӵĻٶɫƵĿԪͯغȵ
ôܣִ˵ģǰһǸʱûȬô̵ʱڣôͿȬˣ
Ԫͯһ˿ͻȻɫһ뵽˿ܵĴ𰸣϶ǸСӣѧĴط϶κ˸û뵽Ȼô̵ʱ䣬ȻøָԭȵĹˮƽ̫˼ˣ
˵ʲô
ͼסԸ޲Ԫͯ˼ƺǸͷѾԭ˵״̬һʵ뵽ʱֱĲ
ҵʧûпǵԷȻѾָԭȵĹˮƽôԸ޼ĴΣ
ԪͯΪ˵ħ̵ѪæѪôɾ͹ܲˣȻֵʵѾĸӵǿȻѪҲҪɳԵʵˡ
岻˹ˡ
ͼסԸû˵ϱȥ϶ǻֵģҪص֮УͱҪһЩԴչֳļֵ׼һ취㶨
ˣܹԸ˸Ǹϼһ
ԪͯɵĿһͼסԸޣٿ˿һذĸʬʱҡҡͷʵȻҲǿǺ͸һξ룬Ѿָ쾳ʵûа취ԸıҲ°ʫϡ
ٺ٣ǸͷȻٶȿǱȲңֻҪʹһСǸͷ֧ˣʱץǸСܣǿ޷׷ҵġ
ͼסԸһЦ
Ѫٶóļ֮һһӵ޿ɱƣҲΪʲôԪͯ쾳ǰеԭ򣬾򲻹˼ңܹܵõģټѪǿĻָȻη塣
̫Сĵˣǿɲô򵥣ҲΪ򲻹ӣǺܶ˻ӵĻᶼûУҪԸһҪúõ˵һ˵ó
ԪͯٶҡҡͷжЩֻѪļһʵǿֻŷޣòЩһҪ鷳ǡ
ãǻоŻ֪֪˷ܰսʤȷʵҪ˽һó
ͼסԸεûзԪͯǸɴĵ˵ͷ
һطɡ
˿ܵĻԪͯ˰֣ͷ¥ȥͼסԸνһЦֱ¥ˡ
һ¥Ĵڲ࣬Ǹһ˯ɳϣɫЩ⣬ûʲô쳣ӡ


820 
ȻۿȥûʲôرĵطʵڵϢѾȫʧˣǱԪͯʬڣ˲ս
ͼסԸ·ʱزѾȥˣ˿û⣬ԪͯһҲɱĽɫںЩ˵
ѪԳΪѪ壬Ǹ߳һĸߵǵʳˣںܳһʱǶôΪģֱг˿Ժ࿹ǿ֮۵𽥵Ϩȥ
󲿷ֵѪԾΪԼһȣ಻ֻǴͬһǷǽ͢ǣ򶼻ᱻǵȦѪʳ԰
ѪӵȻ޾ǳǧǧҲӵѰ޷ĴУµĻۺͳûôʱ䣬޷
ԪͯͼסԸ뿪ǼҰĦ֮һӰĳ˰Ħ֮ǰһֱͼסԸ޵ɵɳϵ𱣬ɫ쳣ƽ
˼ԪͯȻûö˶˵ĳϵϢҲ˵ӣʬҩ䣬Ȼм棬Ȼƭҵĸ֪
ղԪֵͯһ˲䣬ѾԪͯ˵֮󣬸ûзڵټ𱼸仰֮󣬾ƾմһʬֱս
ڿǮ𱣬ôҲ뵽һȻɱǮûз£ѾʧȥļɴǮʱ΢Ц
뿪˰Ħ֮ߵ˶취֪ͨ͢ˣ˵ѪĲö˵̾͢ͻ˹ϸļ顣
ϡ
Ϣִ֮һ绰
С֣չô
ͨ˵绰ЦʵʵǲôĵģӦЩһ뿪¹ˣȫҪѪ
黹˳һЩС鷳ѣһһ¸ϡ
΢΢һЦ֪֪֪ʥҩûһƹϢ󷨵ĹЧǳĺã쾳ֵĸ֪
һû˵
һ£ϸһҡҡͷصôʲô𣿡
Ҳʲô£ǸǰԾԪͯղֱҿˣһǻӣһ鶼ûУܹˡ
Ѹղŵŵ˵һ¡
ʲôԪǼһȻˣ
ȵĴɳվ
Ǹ˿϶Ԫͯ
ǲܿģҲԼῴԪͯϵϢһ㶼ûб䣬ֻӦǸϢϴԪͯ
ôܣ㶼ȷˣӦ˲Ŷԣôܸأ
ɻѣ֪һ쾳ĸ֣һطʮָľ磬İ˽ķǳ֮࣬ʵȻῴۣɼԪͯڸϢط൱Ĳ򵥡
Ҳ֣ҿ۵Ļɲ࣬Ԫͯ϶ǻʲôϢطȻװƭҵ۾
ĵ˵ͷߴ绰ǰߵ
ʥҩо֪û书طҪôԪͯʬҩԴطҪôԪͯطõط
Ʋʥҩʱ֪ܳܶȷ飬Ǿ˵ûеģһҲ
Ԫͯûиκ˵طˣĻͦģȻôһ֡
ȤһЦ
ôԪͯ
ʵ
ϮǵѪԪͯģ֪ͨʲô;ЩѪϵˣƺһԸ޼ѪϮǵľһλѪͼסԸޡ
ʱյϢ˸
ԪͯȻŷߵѪҲϵϣ
һϢʱüͷɲһͷ˵иӴ⡣
һʱҲ벻ʲôΪû㹻鱨ۣҲ֪Щʲôֻ˼ңɴͲȥˡ
Ǳ߰źã뿪Ľڣ߸ȥѪİæǿĸԸ޼壬þ뿪ŷޣﲻǾ֮ء
Ҷ˵绰֮ǰԪͯͼסԸ޲Ϣһ·βȥֱӰ׷ٵϻĽڵס
סҲλͶ֮Ų̵һξ룬˵ǱȽϰȫģͼסԸطҲĻʲôΣգԺԪͯһˣǾʧ¥䡣
ڰϸĹ۲һΧȻ󽫵ַ˶ĵνͼ˹
оһĽƽͼҵһʵλãֱһǶ¥ҵطȥˡ
Ԫϣǣ
ϻ壬뿪õԪͯͻȻ˸˻ʱվЩʵʵΪ˰ȫǶǲİ˻ġ
λǸԸ޼ЭͼסԸ
ԪͯժñӣһͼסԸ˵
Ѫ
һվͼ׵ʱ
ϻȪҲòȥ⻹ǵһοѪȻǷǳĺ档
һ㲻ϲ˽Ѫϲ˳ƺΪѪ塣
ͼסԸɭһЦͻȻ˳һĺ⡣
Ѫ壬ٺ٣ȻǺʹ˵еһǸܸ߰塣
ϻٺһЦк
ڵѪܾ̺ҵ󣬿ǵϢȴǷǳΪʲô
ӽŵʱʼͼסԸ޾һֱϻ˲ţƺ˵˵ѪʮֵĸȤ۾ʼ΢΢ķųâ
֮ǰǲߣǰʱˣѾʧȥˣǵȴǱ˺ǿ״ֻ̬ǲڼ˶ѡ
Ԫ֮ͯ˵֪ѪǿߵѪҺʮֵĸȤҲԴЩѪҺＳȡӶʹΪϵ
ȻѪҲպڰǶ˵ʳǿߵѪҺıȽϿ죬ЩѪеǿߣֱʹѪҺˣԼΪ˵ѪǿΪΪǵѪҺС
ԭѹϢȴӵѪҺ
ͼסԸŻȻĵ˵ͷһ˿ĪĹâ
ղ˵Ҫ취ϼһɲǺöԸģҲô׾ͻĵɽ֮ƣѾˣѾԭׯ԰ǰᵽ˾ʥ´øԶһ޵Ժﵽǽ͢ˡ
ԪͯͼסԸ˵


821 
µѾˣȷǱȽԽӴΪȫˣǾ̫СѪˡ
ͼסԸ֪Ԫͯʲô˼⣬һ˿⣬Ѫͽ͢˼ǧ꣬Ҫû㱾£ͱ͢ˣﻹһֱ죿
ԸѾƣǹڵˡ
ԪͯǺһЦֻƤЦⲻЦӣȻǲôͼסԸޡ
ǸȷʵʵĻѾѪĹˣһҿɲҪӲϣҪȡǣҲʱʱ̵̿ķţܻ©ȥġ
ͼסԸҡҡͷҵѾȥˣʲôĻϾͻῴǸŮץ
ŶȻԸôţǾͲضˣֻҪջ˰ɣ
Ԫͯȵüë
ŰɣѪ弴ǸʱǾͻ֪Ѫжôǿ󡣡
ǹһ˿ЦͼסԸ޵ͳӾĵĺ磬öϻ˲Ļһ
ʱ򣬶¥ϼвѾǵĶԻ˸һȻ֪ԷʲôƻͳֻһϢƣǽһҪСģֹʲô֡
ǱߺܿҲһϢҪģѾͼסԸɱʮС˽̻ˣܿͻн̻˹ȥ鿴ˡ
Լ֮ǰڽסһλ񸸣Ѫֵ񸸣ĵֱַдһֽ˹ȥ񸸷ӦѾٵʧȺ֪ȥ
һʼһеֽ˿ϸĿһַ֮ͻȻһ˿΢Ц
û뵽Ȼôˡ
еֽ첽ȥˣԶĵϣһСֽ¶ţǸղŶǸСֽɡ
ʥ´òԶһС͵޵Ժڡ
Ǳڲ֪ôˡ
ɳϣһˮЩ뵽ǽ̻ĵ̣һ޵ԺǵûʲôýŵģǸղϢСһ㣬Ҳûȥ
Ͼ̻ʵ̫ǿˣǶ֪ˣֻѪҲҳֵ⣬ǶоԵģѪǲڽ̻Ƥӵ¡
Ȼׯ԰Ѫ͵ϮˣɲͬͬǶķΧʥ´õԱߣԶΪ´򣬸ѪǼӣҲö֮ĳ
ƻڶԪͯǸԸ޼Ѫɣ֪Ը޼嵽ʲôͷ
һԣ˹ı˵
͵˱ҵΣѾתƵ޵ԺڣҲ𽥵ķûһʼôˣϾﵽǽ̻ˣҲΪòôĴ䱸
Ը޼壬Ǵ˵еѪʮ֮һʵǿӵеԲСѪʮκһ嶼ӵһλֻļſԳΪ֮һ
ӴĻһɸѡܿͽϢ˳ѡбȽϿɿϢ
Ѫʮ壬˵ʮ
ʫüͷʱŶɻʵ
Ҫô˵ĻҲûд˵ѪʷһʮλЩһǾǿѪǿʱǵΧɱ̻ʣɱ˽͢һν̻ʡ
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˵ѪԻܾǻʮ
ʫ϶ʱɫЩףЩµһӳʮ̫ˡ
ǿܵģΪⲢʵʣѪӵʮλ͢Ǿ޷ѹѪģ˵ŷѾںڰ֮ˣЩ϶Ҳǽ֣һֱͽ͢ڡ
˼һ£ҡҡͷ
Ѿ൱ߵļҲǵͬڽͨĻߣּڼǲˣֻ͢н̻һ˴ﵽ𣬵ȻֻǱϵʵϽ͢ǲֻн̻һ֣˭Ҳ֪
Ҿö˵ĺеѪôǿͷ͢ˣôҲôꡣ
΢΢һЦ
ھڽ͢פأﵽǽ͢ˣǱ޵ԺڣԶĸھʥ´ãò̫ģһǾҪ˷ɻ뿪ˣصȻǲٵѪʲô顣
ƺһˮ΢΢һЦ
˶˵ͷֻڽҶĲ֪ڸЩʲôһڱʼǱôƺڼ¼ʲô
ҲûйеҶģϾһоѧߣʱضп뵽ʲô˿ȵо֤֮Уǵע
ڴĵʱһλµͻȻһλ޵ԺŮģ˶ʱɻתͷλ񸸣˻ڱʼǱϹĵҶ⡣
ǿׯ԰ˣ
λ񸸳İװ׾Щ΢֣һ˺кøУҲдԣǳײ˵Ρ
Ҿǣ֪ʲô飿
Ʒеˮվ΢Цʵ
ǿ׸񸸣ģ֮ǰǷׯ԰бѪĺۼ˹ȥռһЩϢǶԽ͢ϽڳѪʾǳıǸ˸λ͢һᾡ׽ЩѪ
׸ͬ΢Цһ񣬡Ѿϱ˺´귨´ˣ˶߶ӣԸһҪץסЩѪʣʱѪֵ˿
ʱҺѪ֣ʲô⣿
˹ػص衣
㣿
׸񸸿ŸϵЦݶʱ΢΢һȻֻǸͨ˶ѣԸѪͨ˿ûһӮϣǶԸһͼоҲǲӮģѪʹǷǳѲ
ô񸸲ҺѪˣ
΢΢һЦ
ϵϢȫڼѾָ쾳ʵˣһ֮˻Ŀϵ֮
ѪǶǿǲͨ˿ԶԸģڼҵѪֵˣмҽֵˣϲѪϢͺǿˣķռϢһΧֱӶλ׷Ϣ
׸æǸһЦϸԭ˵˳
ķ͢ǶԸѪǧ꣬취رĶࡣ
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822 ɽ
ԭλǸ֣ӦǶߣ߳ʵѹֿԻЩѪ
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ʫ˵ĲǾʥ´õıϣʲôģȥ֮󾡿Ϳˡ
ҲһЦ
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һĻļΪ٣ҷǳΣҪ˵Ƶˣûע⵽׸񸸵С
뿪һӺǿӵͻȻ΢һ£漴һ޵ϢͿʼɢ˳Ʈ˵⻰Ƶˣ۾ͻȻԺ£漴ͲʡµԵڵء
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Ӱһǰ̱ʫϣ뿪ֳǰһӵʱ䣬˾Ѿ˰ˡ
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ʱ˿̣֪ҲûʲôˣϾʫѾ˴ˣ֪ʫϻᱻȥþţǲʲô飬鷳һѡ
Ǳ֪ͨ۵˺ͣԭֻһˣҪ۵ЭڶʫڶԷУʵǿҲܿе飬ʱҪ˵İˡ
ڽӵ֮۳ԱǺܿͻ۵˸ָλãĵǱֻһ£Ǿǰȥ֧Ԯ
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˵ͼסԸ޶ͻȻһϾ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ҵѾˣھϹСʱҾͻᵽˡ
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ϻһʵһ˿ʵɫ
Ѫ֮ȻŶصͨѶʽͨûа취֪ġ
ͼסԸ΢΢һЦ
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ͼסԸЩĿԪͯһۡ
ʵԪͯҲҲµģֻ뵽ѪԻ𣬶ͿͨжλԼͬ鱣ϵŲ²ѪǲҲ
͵̷ⷬϢ֪ͨˣܼӸϵĳͲѰ֮˵ټһϢ֪ͨ
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ѪȻԻȻҲǿЩصѪӵ˳ҪԸǾеˣΪѱ֤ʲôʱͻ֪ͨͬ飬Ҫʱ־С
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۳ԱʵرжСѾˣѰ֮Ҫһˣûкǿʵǲܵ飬ҲżԺʱ۵ЩԱ
ؼĻ۳Աǵĳ̶ȣڵ廹ڱŵ֯ҲֻǱŵһԱûȷ۵һһ֮ǰǲķſЩˣһԺʲô飬۵ЩԱǾͻΪԸС
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824 ٶȼ
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ҲһЦһĨһէţһϵĿٻζеǵⲻϵڿܵڲһƬƬмֻǼӲʱ䣬ͽǵ䡣
Ĵ˿Ĺмӿڲ֮һɷСֶʱ˹Ƕܵڲࡣ
ܣŷǻ
̶̵С֣ƵֺһһԵŷǻҲĵ˵ͷΪһůȻּ֪Сˣ־ٶʮֵĸж
ʦƷ϶ҪԼǩԼŷȻҲ
һΣĲ϶ṩģŷǻɹ֮󣬲ûнԼ棬뽫˵ҪʲôϢ
ղŵľٶЩŷǻԵԤ֮⣬лǷǳϲģ˵ʮֵأûΪЩϲĻᡣ
ˣƺǺãһȱ㡣
ŷǻĿŶϵǩͻȻʲôʱԴ̾˿
ʲôȱ㣿
Ϊʵ
̫ˣ㿴߶ȣȻǾԺϸˣԺܺõıֶܵˣ˾޴ĶƣʮֵĲףҲ̫һ㣬ҪǲЯǿʲôأ
ŷǻԽָ߸ߵľٹͷε˵
ϸ粻صģá
صգգ۾΢΢һЦ
ЦݣŷǻҲͲ˵ʲôˣϾãֻҪа취⣬ͲҪЩˡ
Һ˹ƴ͵סֻôžϵ
ŷǻܣһ˿ᡣ
ϾʮҹѪŴļƷƣҪ뿪ˣȻһЩ᲻á
ҲŷǻԲ鿴ΪǶܴڶڲõĽ֣ǿĶƣҪȥսϼ֤üʵΪ˵һһĹõֳܵļֵ
ֿͬܶЩһ³ͣӵмܵĳܳЩܳ궼ѵ÷һΣڵ·ϺſŲıˡ
Щܳ꣬һھޱߵļ尾ӵһǿȴεֻܴڵ³һµĹƷڷ˼ͺչ
ﾡãǶԴһƷõķʽͺ͹ۿ
ŷǻԾܹھ޴󣬲ЯӰʵԣϾѾִᣬû˻ö˶˵һ޴ĹǶܵߣ֮˶ЯˣЩС͵ķЯ
ͬڴߣͻȻһŴ󵶵ˣұ·ˣ˾һ˿죬һ˾޴ĹǶˣ̾ͱ˱ץɳˡ
¥֮γ轣ڵλҲŷǻԵ֣ŷǻΪЩɫĵʣͬǾס


834 
ͨοգ͸οյļ϶ĿĵοյĻиָͣл棬Ҳ̨ͤ¥ֳŷǻԲ췽Ÿ߳ļգͬǳ
ŷǻһ죬裬ɫˣҲͿؼȥˣǶܣȻŷǻȥˣͺտװô޴һơ
ȻдָǲҸ˵ģصܣڵӵ˾ԱҲЩ߱ˡ
صҵʱŸڵ³ͣóͿڴֽһɯ٣ǼŮȥѧУĳͿŮӳˣһͬƱԼҶϦˡ
ʲôĹҵģ
ҶϦ̻һǰסֱۣĴŵһ󲼴ӡ
Ǻö¥ȥǿ۽磬ίһλʦ˺óʱŴĶ
صһЦգգ۾
ӣ˵ʲô
ҶϦЦĹһҪȥץǸӡ
˴ų¥˹ȥŮںһЦ¥ص˱
򿪿ʲôѽ
һɳϣҶϦѾͲסˣQߣϵĴߴٵ
㼱ӡ
ЦŹһҶϦıӣ˲ӣ¶ŵ
ȫһǳ΢Щ룬Ͼĳгж̣еݶһ̵ġ
ۣʲôƯ
ҶϦĿһӾͱˣץһ৵һͳ˳ڿл֮󣬲ϵطš
ѽϦСһ㣬Ҷأ
æֵĵһҶϦ
㣬ҵĹ㻹Ҫô
ҶϦЦһû뿪еʵԲһ֮ҲŲˣټ羫׹ƷһĵʣƷĳɷָһ
ʲôѽƷ
ƱҲһһ֮ʵ
ɲһƷɾ޴ɵĶУӵзĵкͼ̵ĵѵһıУ֮ҪһзϾ书֮ǰһʵıлʵ
Ц˵ЩһһѣҲ̫󣬿ЯߣҾµ֪ͣ˻ΪֻƷ뵽Ȼѵһ
⵶ĺܷ
ҶϦɵĿеֻĹ˵κεëҪ˵һе㻳ˣһƷĻô
Ҹԡ
̯˫֣ɳһʼ
ҶϦɲ̾ʹɳϵӵѰҿֵĶѰ˰֮Ŀһ޴ʵľ¼ܣߴһװҵ¼ƽʱ·ģͷڿڴ
·ŵɳϣҶϦŵǸ޴ʵľ¼ܣ˵е֮һӾһ¼ܿȥ
žһ죬ʵľ¼Ӧϣ˿ƽ⻬˿ë꣬ȻһϺõ
õ
ҶϦǰһʱ̾˵һֵеı
ôҲƭǵģЩ֮ѡձЩʲôҪģʿɷ̫أʺŮУЩȽϺã۵ͬʱֲʧ
Цҡҡͷ
ȥŷ˳˳
㵹ûôȤԶͲ̫ԣѧϰȭҲֻΪһԱ֮ѡ
˳ȥҲǳ˼ʶȻ˴еѪ
ĵ˵ͷ
Ѫ
ҶϦڰеѪӵϱĵߣĸ첲ʵ
ţѪǰΪֻ񻰹ѪʵĴڵģ
ĸһҶϦĺڷ˵Ѫ˵һ⣬ǲʲôģĽΪ˾ʫϣײѪˣ˵Ҫлʥҩˣҳ˼ʶ
ŷ޷飬ڸɽ⣬ȫŮЩ鲢ûʲô˵ģŮԺҲӴЩ飬ϾҲˣ϶ǲȦӵġ
ۣ³ռ壡Ը޼壡Īά壡Ѫ壡Ѫ£ڰ
ŮãҶϦ۷⣬һ޲̾ͷɵŷȥļƣŷ̫ˣ֪˼Ҿͺһȥˣ˼ˡ
ɵѾͷһ쵽֪棡
εҡҡͷû˵ЩѪжΣ𣿶һȴŮѪ㳤ôƯҪŷ޾ͱѪץȥˣӴ˱ѪūȻڼĳѪȡ
ðҪҵĴŮ֮ȥŷ޲ûʲôΣ
ҶϦһͦС˵ʶԼ˵ʲôʱĺ͸ķһ˶Ŀ֨棬̧ͷˡ
ڣ
ҶϦ⸱ģضʱЦ۾΢΢ƳһƱڳŮУֻƱ˹ϵŮŴŮ֮
оصĿ⣬ƱҲߵĵͷȥһİеͷҲǲ̧ͷˣһŮ˶նʱ΢
ˣȥŷ棬ҲǲԣһҪȥУŷǱߵҲʼˡ
ЦҶϦСԴɫһһѪܺͻߵʲôһ׼ӦϵĹռطѪȡŷ޵Ѫǰڻ˷ˡ
ָǸʲôʥҩ
ʱ˵
ʥҩкܴɣԪͯϵѪԲżȻ飬һʲôŷǱߵѪʥҩԼѪᣬѪᣬʥҩֻǽǵѡ
ҡҡͷ
һɾˣħ̵ôⱣڹԿٲӽѪԽԽˡ
Щĵ˵
İɣи߸ӶţôǿһȺѪģֻҪͿˣǵһҪץʱ䣬ɱһԸ޼ĵϵᣬ˵ʲô취׷鵽ҵͷϡ
΢΢һЦܵʲôʱʵˣŻӵİȫĻܻһЩ©ġ


835 쾳
֪˻Ĳħ̵ʵ˷֮󣬾Ȼŷ޵ѪǼ˽Ҳʶܲķչϳ֮󣬼Ůص˷俪ʼŬ
ԱǵÿԼȻʵǿҲܱˣⲢУֶοʹãڵϣҪһˣֻС
ȵҶʼ֮һ˿ϵƷɺͷˡ
Ǳߵô
ͨ˵绰ʵ֪ѪѪҲܵƷɺͷ˵״
ѾԶмһ죬ЩѪܶ࣬ĿǰֵľͳʮˣЩǵĿ£ڲϵĽǸ޴ٻ󷨣ѾҪ깤ˣǲ׼֣
ƷɰѴŵϸһ
ȲҪ֣ҹȥ˵ЩѪͨѪǼпѪ֮һʵǿһȥ֧Ԯǣҵ֮ٿж
æƷ귨ȡϢ
壿㻹ɱǸԸ޼ĵϵ᣿
뿪֮ŷ޷飬Ʒɶʱһ㶣û뵽Ȼ仯֮죬һתǾѾȷȺѪݡ
˵һཻ˽ڵЩ飬Ҷ˵绰
ζԸȺѪҪúõļƻһǱǿ϶֪ͨģϾԼһ˿Ѫ˴ģ֣ѾǸ˶Թˣ˶ߵĸ߶ȡ
ȥһ˻ˡ
˼һ׼¥ȥþûƱˣ뵽ͷҲһ˿΢΢ĵ
̤¥ݵʱֻȴһĻȻҦ˵ĵ绰
ô˴绰ҦɻǵһΡ
𣿡
绰֮ǱҦЩʵ
ţյĶôˣ
æصҦ˵һЩԾƺʲôǳҪ顣
пչѾǱһһˣҺҲûκηӦҲȥǲǳʲô⣿
Ҧ˵
ã̾͵
һ̹Ҷ˵绰¥ȥ˵³⣬ͺ뿪˼ҡ
Ҧ˵סȥ֮ȥͳķ䣬ͳȻҦ˵һڴһ˵֮ûʲôӦ˵ƺȫķǽľ硣
°
ϸĹ۲һ֮ͻȻһЦ
ѽСһ㣡һ˳ʲôô죿
Ҧæס죬ĵһۣе˭Ҳ˵׼һʲôӰ߻ħǿɾѴˡ
İɣˣͳСο˴ˣõһȷ൱Чڵ״̬ͻƽ쾳Ḷ́ʱȫգѾ̥Ϣľ硣
ָͳһЦҦ˵㷢˵
Ҫ쾳ˣ
Ҧ˶ʱ㵵ĵɴ۾һ˫Ŀ͸ŵĹâ
ֻҪͿԽ쾳ľˣΪһʵ쾳֣
ܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
Ҧ˿˿תͷ˿ͳС΢΢ϣһ˵Щʲôֲ֪ôӺ˵ĸоͳ쾳ĳͦġ
ϾͳҲܴ;ͽ쾳Ȼүү棬Ҳҩĳɷڣܹ쾳Ѿ˵ͳ츳൱ġ
û㹻ԣôæͳ;̤쾳
һĽ쾳ͳͿԳ׵үүЩӴЩֱΪãӴ˲ڶЩʲôٿزĵĸоˣǾͬһ㣬ûκεĲ
ܺãֶһλ쾳ĸ֣ǰҵľ£ǿԶһʤıˡ
Ŀ΢΢ϥͳ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʲôʱ򣬼ʵǿһûʲôġ
ʲôҵľƣ
ҦֵĿʵ
ǳȥ˵ɣͳĵıչˡ
Ҧȥ˸ڵķ䣬ŷ޷һЩ鶼Ҧˡ
ҶϦһҦ˱ԸʵҲǷǳõģҲȦں쳾ģôѵڹķˣѪͽֻ͢񻰴˵еĶԹ֮ʱҦͬһ
ǰһأҪܳΪһѪͺˣͿӵ޵Կ磬ڵ̫ˣкܶĿ궼ûʵ֣ȴҪź뿪磬һ뻹Ǻܲİ
Ҧһ㽺ź
˭˵Ѫ޵
ЦҡҡͷУûзʿҲԪƣֻǵԪԳ꣬ʱľɽڣ֮Ԫʮ֮á
û֮ǰһԪʮ꣬ҲҪ鳾½ֻأȻźֶܶοԪ֮ΪԼЩֶʱ򣬵ǸʱһҪɢ
ԶѪԻһ˵ʵǺܲΪȻġ
ȻѪԻǧ꣬һЩ棬ϾѪ߼Ҳǽ֮µ֮˰ˣоڵʿֻİԪӤ֮ӵа˰Ԫ
־µǿԻǧΪģѪʿȫͬʿҲûôƣʲô⣬ᱻĳЩƣּ
һеϵһ𣬶Ѫһַ״̬ߵĿׯĳĵ·辶Բ⸱ģ
ʱѪʵû̫ȷ˽⣬Ҳ޴ƲѪʲôڣԿ϶ǣһΪѪԺ·ӾͺˣûһôͻƵġ
Ѫ;ӵǸ˺ܴĴۣ֮ûѵͣκγԽĶҪ
л͸ˣת߷ûκεУҲκε棬ΥµĹΨһİ취
û޵ѪôҲԻϼǧ갡룬ǧʱ䣬Ƕôһʱ䰡
Ҧ°ͣŴӰֵĵƹ⣬һʱЩ롣
ǰǧ꣬һʱ⣬ˡѡǰ˶ȥˣһȺ뿪ֻʣһˡ
΢΢̾˿


836 ʹ
˵֮ⷬԼҲ˳˼Ŵһ󷢴ûע⵽ҦѾתͷһֵĿ
ôˣ
ֱ֮ĻعŷҦһĶſ֪Ѿ˶ãʱЦҦ˻ĸ㷢
ôһ˵ΪʲôҸоôѾЩһ
ҦĻЩɻЩԥ˵Ҳ˵׼ʲôо˵Ļȴ˸ָһûоˣ޷ġ
ƾõζƾõĹ¶ӵ֮ʱҲʧȥܶĶЩһʧҲزˡ
˵°ѹҦͷ޾ʱ⣬ֻһ˼įߵʹ࣬һǺᵽġ
ǲʲôûң
Ĭһ֮ҦͻȻĻ̧ͷЩĿʵ
кܶûиǣڻû˵ʱ򣬵ʱ죬һЩͨͨǣڸǣǺǡ
΢΢̾˿Ҧ˷۵˵ӵҵǿ취úúõУܵǸ磬ȷǿԻֻǸ磬Ŵӵ̫ôңԶľ롣
˿Ի𣿣
Ҧ˵۾΢΢һ
ģۼˣٶͲܺ˵ˣǲӦ֪飬ҪǺúõ㿴ͳѾ쾳ٲŬɾҪ˦ԽԽԶˡ
΢΢һЦ
үүͱǸ߳ܶˣҾŬҲܶʱ׷ѽ
Ҧ˶ʱС졣
úõģΪõģҿԴ㡣
ʱЦҦ˵ı˵
ǣĲһ书ķǵںһ𣬲˵ҪһſͳҲΪүүľƣԲſԽȫĹ
Ҧ˶ʱ㵵Ŀ˵
ȷʵ书ǺǶͬҵԱǧֻҪչڵͿԱԣʱתһȻͿԴˡ
Ц˵ֻҪúõʲôľͲõˣˡ
̫ˣ
Ҧ˶ʱӴ޴Ĺ̫ˣڹķעģľѾԳԽΪܶˣǾһֱ᲻
ܹǰûУΪڹķʮҦҲһѣԾ͸̸˴һҹ֮书ǵֺˡ
ǰʲô书ǰͱ˹ඥһҹ֮ӵ˱ʮĹ鲢ÿ˶ϵģЩܴˣҪϳǰ书
ôĻڵûа취ǰںϣĽǱ
εӵдĴߵļŮ˵Ǳȱ˲֪ʡ˶ʱ䣬ȫͣȻֱӽඥǣڤ񹦵Ŀʱչֳ
ֻҪչڤ񹦾Ϳģ³ԣԭĻҪ߲٣Ǳڤصһԣڤгɵ˼ûУصҲһֱû˷ˡ
ҦһӣҦ˾ȲȥˣֻҪľΪʱͿֱӽĹඥȱ˽Լʱ䣬֪һ󣬾顣
Цҡҡͷ˿ʱ䣬ѾǽӽҹˣҲɴ಻ȥˣ￪ʼԽԽңҲҪǿʵܸõıߵˡ
ȻĳûмЩ֮ͨƺҲΪûн磬޷ʲô
֮ͬʱͬûô쾳ߣһ쾳֮̾ͽӶ쾳ߣ粻һˣʶȻҲ֮
һȥŷޣȷʵڵһЩͨߵ̵Ľ̻ʣǾһĪĳ֣ҪȴֶͨҪǿϾֻ̾һ̻ʡ
ѪЩǣҲǵ˽ǰһˣնӦĵȼͬǽͨĶ֣ЩȻ֪ڻʣ˶٣ѪдѾһ嶤ʵ
Щͨĸͷѹţһ̶ûзŻҪϵʵҪڵӵоԵԱſȥ飬һ¶ʵݣ̾ͻ⵽ЩֵΧˡ
꣬ļ裬ѾԵȻһǴӸ߸ϵ糬ֶɽڵľ˵ľ磬ҲûзٻĴ㣬һֱΪĿ겻ϵŬš
ڶ죬Ҧɳ֮Уͳǻɴ֮쾳Ĺɣȥ˳׼һЩ֮Ȼ뿪ˡ
صҵʱ򣬸պһ˱ſڵĿ˾ͱ˵˵Ҫҵˣı
ȥɣˡ
ͺյĴԶԶĶű˸к
Ϻã
һͺգ֪˭ˣæ˴ţǰȥˣҲں˱
͵һ޴ľӣܶʵʵʲôн֮ߣһ߶ȣ̲µʲôˣ϶ŷǻԶܡ
û뵽ŷǻԻͦСĵģȻڴʱ͹ʱܶ˻Ρ
ͻʦһЩСѣλʦľ͵˵³ȿ뿪С֮Ž˵³⡣
һǰľϣʱһĶӸ͹ģͱͽֲܶĭ㣬޴ķӨɫĿܾͷЩĭм䡣
ЩҪĹв𻵣Ҫֹʱ򲻻ﶯȥ޴졣
Ҫʱײ޷ֿҲܻôϧ޴ĶƣԺһҪߣһֶζ޷شǶܣڹǶܵĺȻǰȫб
ˣĴһ֮İ˿ܵͷ룬ָһɫ뵹⻪һߴ׶ľ޴Ƕƾʧֻһװĭľ޴ľӡ


837 в
ϴһ֮󣬿ʱҲˣൽ˼Ů𴲵ʱ䣬߽ȥ׼һЩͣȼŮ𴲳Է
ǰҪӪǵкܴĺô׼ϺõҩķڼŮûµʱӡ
Ū֮ڿ￴ŵӣڲŸطش飬۾񿴵ʱҶϦķŴ˿ͿһӶ¥ֱˣȻһ̵˳¥ȥ˵³⡣
ףôһôľӣ
һĹҶϦﻹһСһǻױ
׼ҪӵģĶֹײõġ
תͷһЦ
ҶϦ˵ͷһֱڿշ˶¥¥¥ݵƣҲһЦá
ȵŮϴȥѧУ֮Ҳʰһ󿪳ȥõµıŻء
ϵܣһʱûˣҷֻҪһͿ϶ϢʲôϢˣ
칫½ڷϴĹģΪħⱣҲæĽͷöĵ¶һ˿ϲɫȷʵΪٵæֲҲΪĴڣʵʵڵ˼¡
οɲʲôϢ½ϸ磬ǿ鷳ˡ
ɳһԼһˮ˵
ʲô鷳ϵѵʲô鷳ǽ˵ģ
½еĹģӰ칫ߵɳ£Цʵ
εɲһ㣬ŪõĻпܻûߵľƱøӵĻҡ
ֵһݸ½ŷǱߵϸ˵һȻʲô˵ʲô˵һ½ֻ֪˱Ҫ֪ѡ
ʲôѪģ֣
ȻһѪ˻ĵϢ½üͷ壬һﲻŷһֱ͢ѹôпܵ͢Ѫһֱǣƣ˫ûʲôȥ½չʵôһα仯ô󣿡
һǻߵѪнǢǿ׼֣Է伺ĵ̣ҷһпܵħ̣
˵ͷ˵
ħ̣ǸĹЩѪ£˽ĻЩ鷳ˡ
½üͷһǾı顣
ƺ½ϸѪĴڲǸе⣿
ʵűˮҪ½ӣԾ֪Ѫʵڵġ
ŷǱҲǵˣѪͽ͢ĶԹô꣬ôһϢ֪ЩǿҲǵĴ֣ô͢һֱҪ뻪Ƭʼնûа취ɹǡ
½˵ͷ˵ӴǸ͢ĺ´̣̬ô
Һ귨Ѿ˿ͷϵЭ飬ѪǺͻڲᣬôҲͽͬ͢ʱ֣߽ǵĺ
΢΢һЦ
ţǲ͢ҲԸ⿴ĻĸֳŷޣǵЩԸѪǺܺʹԸĵĸ־Ͳһˣʱŷ޿϶ҲһƬңԵ֮ҪȷЩѪǲǺͻĵйᡣ
½˼һ˵
ҾԹȥЩѪϵʵȻǷǳǿ󣬵ܹ죬ûʲô˻ǶԸǡ
Ҳͬ½Ŀ
ξҪ鷳Գˡ
½˵ͷҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ǺĵģҪòµ飬˹ȥǾ͸ûָˡ
֪ͨǱߵıŷֲ̰ΧЩѪữ裬Χ½ͬȻһЩѪǱߵѪڶ࣬²ôصġ
ѪĻӡ̣Ȼ֪ѪʲôܻУб޻ûдģ˵ЩѪɶˣʵ϶һѪҪǿ
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ѪԻɣҲɣ׷ЩѪܹʩչ˸߽书Ļ߿ǲģԶԸЩѪ϶Ҫ֡
ϾѪԻ𣬵ǻ߿ɲңһЩѪԣһѷĻߵʱ˿ɾֻܸɵˣҲûа취ܲӲϱİɣ
ЩѪڻ״̬һԹĵߵ˿УתŲôʱǱѪ˰һ򲻿ģֻɳַգԸЩѪˡ
ȻǶữģҿһЩӵפȥɱŵٿأʮ׿ھĻڣһӿԷǧӵԸЩѪٺòˣҪֽҲǺѵ顣
⵹ǺܲЩѪƺηУ罫ڵӵҺнһӵһʱЩѪĻ϶ɸ˺
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⵹ǺܿУĶҲܼ򵥣̾Ǳߵȥ׼ʱ򽫻ڴʮţһֱӲó޵ҾͲЩСܵĳȥ
½۾һһںȸ˱еĲҶվ칫绰ȥˡ
˷ֹ½߸ϵϷֲսǰ׼ǻȥ׼ĶȻǰϣȥƷԼ˻غϣҲһȥˣʱ򽫻ϴá
һöصװѾ˶öһ֣עǿַҲڲϵϸʺ϶ַսʵߣǶһжҲһԱ
öңҲǷǳϲȴûбֳҲΪ⣬һʼ֪춼һףϳ궼ûʲô顣
磬˾Ѿϵ˳ɳһ̸Ʒɺͷ˼ӵĵص㡣
Ϊ˱֤ԣ˼ӵĵصѡ˺ԶĵطǴѪпƵĴׯ幫Զ


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Ҫһӵĵˣǡñн˾̽׵ʱŷĲԾߵĿϺܾöᱻ֣ȵֵʱҲѾˡ
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ÿͼеĵͼԴݣֻҪһµͼ֪ˣĳ˵Ѿӽ˻ˣҪͼĶһһļ
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ǾʹȥԼʱ䣡
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ϵı˽һǰ壬˺ӱߵʱһԾֱӿ˶ʮ׿ĺ棬һץסϵһ͹𣬹̶֮̿ٵϿʼһĹѾ֮һĸ߶ȡ
·ŵûжǾôŶȥһֱȵȥˣһֱӳ𣬽²ȣ޵ĿıȳʵĸоӵĹѾվ˶ߡ
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ǰԶһƬïܵĹľﱻͳ󶴣˼򵥵Ĵȶһ޴ԶĶڹľԶƷ֮ռһĿռ䡣
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Զ￴ʾЩѪԲ٣ѾֵĴźɫ۵ѪѾнʮˣеĲ֪ʲôط
һʼͷ˿ʱҲǺɻԼ󷨵ĻֵĻᶼûУǾѾˣǾûԶ֣Щʯ顣
ƷҲͷ˵Ҳ²ЩѪŹˣְ˵ĻǾۻԲԸɣһƫƧطĴƣЩֻ
⵹ǺпܣЩѪҲǺܻܵģͳŷ޼ͣٻԸЩ鵹пܡ
ĵ˵ͷԶ￴ȥȻѾҪˣЩٶȣ죬󷨾ӦÿԿˣǸʱƾǽľѪŽȥٻʱˡ
ڸô죿ϵĻûа취ԸЩѪ֮кħѪǵĻʵ̫ˣĹ۲췢֣ЩѪÿһԻС
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ûϵɣҹҾȥǱߵһЩѪĵףǵսŪȻǾͿԿʼжˡ
˰֣Ŷ˵⸽Ҫʱգǣʱ
û⣬ĥһʱ֮Ѿ뵽˱ŵרǵȨޣԶЩǣֱ㹻̽ϵһƬҶ
˵ͷʾû⣬͵һԽİ⿪װ
ЩǰȽˣҲС˷ǳ࣬ô
ŶװɺʵǰҲŶȥȻԶʹõʮϤһЩα仯ˣСˣࡣ
Ѿ˰ٷٵĳ̶ȣⶼҪлգܴϾҪͻƵļߵķˣЩϣǾյĸ죬Ǵǿˡ
ͷҲû̧˵зɿװ㲿
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839 ³ռ
Ҷָ̨ڻӡֻ̣Ҫ龧ΪԴ̨Խϸ޸ԽЩǱܵ»ָϸĻǵ˥
պҶķŵһ˿϶Էӳ޴ҶҲҪڶʵˣչȥҲʮֵķ㣬ʱöһϣһҲ൱Ƚоҡ
Ժй˼һǿУߵ̻֮ض£ҶĵʵҲûнʱòż
ҹɫˣĸΧڵϣŴʳһŷ޺ķ飬ѪȻôิӵļ͹ϵ֮ʱƷɺͷҲɵ̾
Ȼˣѹ㲻жˣͼסԸĺҺͷ˿ɾΣˣֻɻٶ˿Ķ֣һΧʮľ档
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ǰȥ̽ʱСһΪȻŷѾӴѪ˵ߵѪ᲻ʲô
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Ʒǰһɫְȥװɲĸ֮ĶͿ򵽵ģˣˣԭװǴõģ
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ʱͻ͵εļƻǧʧܣܶõĶľѪûжˣǻҪΪԺսһЩѪɲνġ
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һĻˣΪ˴ڲϵĳִȷڷ޷վˣȻôſڵ§ʯ飬һһĻǰŲ˹ȥ
Щ̫ˣԶԶûŷ˵ǿ󣬾ǰ˼ʯͷѣȻѾ˳ԳŲȥ˵ĳ̶ȣǷ
ݸ߸ѪһͳǸߣֽһţŷ̲˴ĲһĹѾ˸ɡ
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³ռ壬ʷƾõ֮һЩĺڰħɱѧҪĶܹ࣬벼³ռ壬ǵĵˣҲҪպεĻᣡ
˽һ֮ʼվԭأ˫ֲϵǰջһѪɫ·ͼסԸ׼ʩչħʱࡣ


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ѪɫӡǰĿγɣ֯һѪɫģЩѪɫķоͷ˵ѪɫĹ⻪ֱûǰЩеʯĴ֮С
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ݸ߸ѪٺһЦǰѪɫĲϵһһѪ⣬Ե÷ǳĮͲпᡣ
ܻãֻҪ󷨽ɣҲǱѪΪٻŵŮļƷܻˡ
ѪҡҡͷһĨĮ׹⣬Ѫļ˵Ƕʱ䣬ͿԽ󷨽ˡ
˵ʱԶһɫӰ˲ֵ˵ǰӰͣǰĲϷѪɫ⻪ķüͷһ塣
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еĴûгʯ飬ǵԲʱΪʯĻƷͻ٣ٻŵŮļƻҪˣǿ׳Ĵǰʯ顣
ݵĺŽ󷨣ٻǿﲢҪƷжǿֻҪ꼴ɣеˣֻҪǻŵľͿˣȻǿ֮׼ҲԲʲôƷֱӾͿٻǿ顣
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Ҳ˺ĵȼ˹³ҲǺĵȼֶһܴù˹³գʮǿǴлѪͳĴԣҪԶԶĳЩ͵ȵѪ塣
Ѫ˿ʼල˴ʯʱ򣬲Զһݵĺ棬һӰϢˣֱȥȺѪסĵط
ӰȻǱղŷһˣȥֹ޲̾һƱѪΪ˺Ĵֻ֣ǿеѹͷĳ嶯ŭ
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ڰ˹³ߵһǿ׳Ѫ˵ѪͷûһͷüëͽëҲǹͺͺģʮֵĹ죬˵ʱѪȴҲҳһжЩηɫ
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841 
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ЩС֮У֡Τ˹ǺģΪʵѾԺЩʮгĵϵˣʵúܶΪ֡Τ˹ǲǱʹʮġ
Ѫʽ̶ܴܵѪȵƣѪԽѪٶȻǱЩСѪҪǿĶ࣬Ϊϸı˱ѪĴȣЩСѪͲͬˣǺܶǺͷ˷ܳġ
˾ҲԺѪŮǷ˵ѪϡѪѪᵼѪͣҲʮΪʲôҪϸƱѪȵԭڡ
еѪͷȥͨ飬ȥܺҲ˼Ѫ͢ĹȻ֮ܿܿˡ
ΪͨѪУ˿֡Τ˹ôѪʿǷǳ֮СģѪнΪ档
ΪѪѪҺУԺ֮һĸʻַ󣬿СĺӵǿȻҲҪģͿԵġ
֡Τ˹ַڲϵУ֡Τ˹ҲƽʱĸŬΪʵɳ˺ܶҾ徵飬ɱ֮ͬͨɺѪѪҺϵᴿԼڵѪ
ͬɱΪѪڲûֹ෴õʮ֧֣˵һǿˣԶӵһȺҪĻĶ࣬ΪһǿˣĺҲȻǿģʤﷱǧ
Ϊԭ򣬿֡Τ˹ѪҲСһʮĺҲԸȥһڱǸ񡤲³˵ˣ֪Ǹ񡤲³ճʲôȻԸѱĿ֡Τ˹˽ǲִ
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Ͼ˹³Ȼʵǿ󣬵ڲ³ռĹ⻷Ѿ̫ˣҪɱ˹³տ϶ǿ֡Τ˹Ķ֣֡Τ˹ŵͷѪΪѪϧȥɱˣ˽͢׷ɱ
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֮ǰ˹³վ˵˿֡Τ˹ĴʼЩΪ⣬ûôһֱΪͨѪֵʮѪ޷ģһ涼߱ɱԡ
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ЩƵĶӵÿһܻڷʮ򷢣һҲһʮӵʮӵһܻ˵࣬Ҫ֪ȫʱÿӵٶȿԴﵽǧӵ
Ҳ˵ÿӶгһٶ෢Ƽ׵ڹȥЩƼ׵Ϊ̹Щװ豸ƵģĿľҪƳǵװףѾȫһԸЩɵѪ
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ٽҲΧǵĶͷˣ˾ʵȨ٣ΧһɲнϽľΣԪ˧͸ˣǶĴԪ׼ǾԲֵһΧͷϵģʹҲܡ
ЩʲôҲںֻҪؼʱܹ˼ɣ鶼һдӼС
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ܺãλˣڿʼһоͽˣϵĶȫжȻǿųؾúκἰЩ飬Υ߾ã
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Уһתж
ЩϢķ˿ޱȵĽϵװӵһһжеʶ׼ĴӴţѷ·Ե÷ǳ롣
װж֮󣬾ϳٵ뿪һĹ򣬿ʧС·ϡ
ȵЩ֮ͳֻһ˵˼䣬ֹҶ˵绰Сʱʱ䣬һߵɽ½½ˡ
ЩȫվǰʱнˣȫǺϵıŷֲȫʡس֣Ϊεж
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Щվǰˣһ֮ĵ˵ͷЩȻ书иеͣ͵ĶѾ۷壬ֻһͿԽ֮ߵ֮ڵΪ
Щ˽ϵӿһȺ̾ͽϵӹϷֵһɶ
Ըͨ˵ЩҲ̫ˣ˵ǿɽ·ˣǰЩ˿ɶͨˣǾ˳ߣܻҪͨ˺̫ˡ

һ˿ӣЩС
ϸڱЩ˿Ужһզ࣬ЩжأˣΪǵҲЩӣȻһֻֻֿӣ治ɫĲȻ֮
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ôصͽ᫲ƽɽߣܼôԶľ룬Ѿ˵ǵƽʱܵλˣٿ̵Ҫˡ
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ȵ˶ϥ֮ͬҲϥϣڵͿʼ˿ٵתȵЩӵгֵʱѾȫ˱̵ɫ
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ҩȪʩչҲǵɫѣǵɫȴѾ˴ıɫûһ˿һ־
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ٱĿϢЩҩսڣԼӿǵĻָ
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ҲҪСģЩѪǺǵģǵܹ죬óԼʩչڰħǽֵʱǧܷģҪһ㣬ǾǱҧ
ƷɺͷһȻ֪ѪͬԭʲôҾñҧ˿϶һܺõ飬ûǲҪһĺá
İɣһעġ
Ʒ΢΢һЦ
ҵܿԷɲô׿ҵġ
Ҳ˵֪ЩѪǶӲ³ռ֮Ʒɵ˲١
Ͼûֱ̬ʵӵѪĵϵᶼ޷ӳȥһ޷󼰵ġ


845 ˹ľѪ
ʱɿţһת۾͵ҹʱ֡
ʱһȺӴٵķɳһգ۵Ĺûڵ
ҹʱ֣Ѫĸ߷ڣЩữļһǧĽѾϰ˺ҹ˵ҹİ졣
һУ˹³ڼ򵥵ľǰϰڷһĴָС͸壬һηŵϹѪҺѪҺʹ͸֮УҲ·ڲϵһ㣬һ졣
ŻƵ͵ƣ˹³ϸĴһľѪ֪ʲôһʱ侹ȻЩӡ
ǵξѪΨһһλû´еĿ˹ľѪ
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˹³ЩĿһۿ֡Τ˹Ҹ׸ܶණ
ȻΪΪʲô벼³ռ壿ΪǸ񹫾Ӧңε֮󣬾ͻһľѪ˾Ѫİҿ̵ʱͻƵļ𡣡
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УЩʮĵϵûʲôΪеĵϵмˣǾԲ˵ȥģЩ϶ɱͨ˵νʧһϵᣬʹʮ˵Ҳʮ۵顣
֡Τ˹֮ôǿʵΪǼϵڵѪĽѪĴˣĻڵʵҲ˵ǿ
һ˸֪ڵѪҺȣѾͰ˹³Щϵ޼ˡ
ѪڵȼĹУҲһǿѪᴿḶ́ԽߵѪǵѪԽµĺȻҲӵǿ
֡Τ˹һҰĵѪʵԸκεļ壬Ҫ׼ԼʱֽһԼļ壬ѪʮǸΪʮ壡
뷨Ȼǲ˵ģ˵׼ͰĬĬʧʮĸĵĨɱˡ
ѪڲҲͬĲпᣬҲѪΪʲôһֱ޷ѹƽ͢ԭڣΪѪûйϵһͳһֱԼķѵĴţɢ֯ṹȻͽ͢ȨеĽṹȣͳ˲һǰ㡣
ҪһľѪ
֡Τ˹Ļ˹³նʱüͷ
ľѪÿһڶʮֹصĶǱĵϵᣬҲǴ󲿷ֶûеõľѪ֡Τ˹ҲϾһˣڸֳŵ˹³ȻдΪˬ
ٺ٣ģǸ񹫾ҵĲǲ³һľѪͬλ˹µľѪ
֡Τ˹һ߶꣬ôῴ˹³еĲʹ죬ûȥ˵ʲôһ׮׶ѣ³ռ忴ǱҲ³ռİٵʵԽӵʵԽʵԼ롣
Ҫһο˹ľѪ
˹³Щɫ𽥵ĺתв֪ԭŵǿ˹ľѪǲ³ռľѪ
λ˹ѪҲһ棬Ϊǵʮ֮ڣһͨѪС壬ȴںͽ͢սдŹʣļ֮ǰʮ忴ÿ˹յǱҪʮ֮С
˭Ҳû뵽˹κεļ壬СȻֻʮˣЩȴǷǳĲᣬֱҲС֮С
Ϊ˹Ѿļ𣬱ļʵֲǿһα͢ס˻ᣬ־ֱӽΧеĳԱȫսԼҲһսг׵Ļҷⶼǽ͢Ϣ
ɹĻɱһѪԽ͢˵һϲ£ȻҪѸµģǶѪһ˵ȴǵͷһʧһλɱʧȥһٸС嶼Ҫĸӵʹ
ʮ֮£ĸ֣ΧٸԳǣһսرɫҲѪͽ֮͢ǰļβҵĴս֮һΪѪһλȻʮκһҡ
˵˹ֳֹΣûڽ͢һվΧʱ뾡취ˣҲΪƹأûõʱʧˣƲ˹ѾǸطȥˣѪС壬ſ˹ûȥ
С֮еѪ˵˹е֪ʹѪϡҲпܳΪ߸ϵΪ˹ճɹĹ裬ЩСеӿһʵܲĺᣬܺʮ廹޷ᲢۣҲǿļʵ
֪Ǹ񹫾п˹ľѪ³ռҲӦģʮ弸ңΪһô׾ʹӦ³ռ𣿡
֡Τ˹Ƴһ۰˹³ա
ΪʲôҪ˹ľѪûŵľѪ𣿡
˹³ֵĿһۿ֡Τ˹
ѪգὫѪžѪķȥṩľѪѪվͻᳯǸȥһԸ飬ʮľѪһҪ
֡Τ˹˵ֻп˹ûκεļ壬ľѪҲǿҲѡµľѪ
Ҫһ֡Τ˹û˵֪˹³һ׵ģǾľѪͲκεıѣ׾ٵĴˣǲǼĺûκεĹϵΪѪϵϵ
ľѪѾǳ֮ߣѪѪҺľѪˣôѪҺͲľѪһĻѪʱȥΪʲô֡³ռҪʮѪԭ
ȻʮкܶѾʧʷĳУЩлſԸ߶þѪڣЩǿĹΣյˣһԿľѪˡ
˹ͲͬˣûºᣬֻоѪľѪ˿˵Ǹǣõıκ˿ƣ֡Τ˹ҲʮֳԶĴ㡣
Ĳ³ռĹĸտ˹ľѪΪͬʱӡǣǻɷǳµĺһСľпֱѪͬѪзǳǿҵظӡǣ˵ӡͬ档
ֻҪ˿˹ľѪ֡Τ˹Ͳõıκ˿ˡ


846 
һʱ䣬ĺŽ󷨾׼ˣͿʼٻʽǱ߻ڵǡ
˹³ϵǵο˹ľѪһӣľϻƵ͵ֱϨˡ
֡Τ˹˵ͷû˵ֱӻһٵʧľڣ˹³ҲûϢһʱһƬš
ŵһҹȥˣĳճɽһ¶˰һ⻺͸ɽٶȻ˯ĴɽֵϢֿʼɽĴԾµһ쵽ˡ
ܺãɹıܹЩѪѲ飬̫ȫգʮ׼ʱӽ
ɽһߣƷɼٶȵ˼ӵص㣬ͨԶϸĹ۲һǱߵ֮´
ʮѾ׼ʱľʱҪ¶˺ÿһֻҴǰɹ
ǿʢҲʼߣʱĺܿ죬һξ͵ʮӡ
ϣ
˸ƣһݾɽȥˣֱŴӵ˹ȥ
Ϊʱ̫գԴһѪټֻڲϵİʯĴǣЩǶĵûа㷴ӦһֻɫãȻİʯ飬زͣظ
˭
ڴתһȦ֮һӰ֪ʲôʱһڣվſھĿ
Ұ֪ڲڣղ˼ôң
תȥ¶Цݣһӡ
ղȥ㶫ȥˣҪȽһȰɣȱˮϢһ£ܿͻˡ
ǸȫںµѪֵ
̫лˣ
ЦųǸѪ˹ȥ
ѪͷβûдһⱾܵͺ£򲻵ѵʱ򣬾Բᱩ¶£ԲŻ취ƭȥ֪ƭĲһͨˣһʵǿĿµĻߣ
ʵһӵʱЩѪͷˣǲûȥڴתƵʱԽԽ˹³ղһѪƭȥ
ɣҰʲô飿
Ѫ˵ģ¶һ˿΢Ц
ǰѣιģ˵кܶǳѪҹʶһ£֪ЩѪûУ
һЦݣǸѪʵ
һ仰ĹѪɫ̱ˣԭЦ̼ʧȡ֮Ƿǳɭֲı飬͸׹ƺҪ̻һ
˭
ͳĺѪ﷢ųҲ˳
ѾôˣҪٲ֪бĻЩѪҲͲϽ͢˳ʱˣƳͬʱҲѪ˲ǻۣѪҪĴĶࡣ
ôԳԭͣҲһһĶûС
ҡҡͷǸѪЦ
ȻѾ֪飬Ͳ뿪ˣɣ
Ѫú˵ʲôϻһͻΪһźƣವһֱײľӣһֱɿݳĿ´־ʹӺ˳ֱץĲӣڴͬʱһƵʼߵҲ˲ɢ˳ȥȻó֪ͨѪ
Ǻܲ̾ϵʮֵĺʡ
ûǰҷ׷ɵľƬһ߾ǱһεǽסһַָֻĴ쵽ǰʱֲͻȻ䶯۾ʧһ㣬һ̾ĽĳѪĲ
ûбʸٶˡ
Ѫٶȷʵܿ죬һһԳ֣ٶȸӵĿ£ڶûһ־ֱסѪĲûֱϣΪѪҪ֡
סѪӵһ˲䣬ڵҲٵӿ˹ȥѪڣڵĹݿһĻ˸ɸɾ
ƻǿĽʮ澢ǴԵģ˲䣬Ѫھͱݻٵһɶ
ķܺǿ󣬵อǷǳԶĴλһסѪһڰħųֱӾ
ܽ͢ѪεɱָǶôǿֻǶʵ޼˵ʵԶѪˣѪͬͻɴ
ѪҪĲλ࣬һ͢ɱѪǽذײѪദ߽Ѫڳ޶ȵıѪҲǽ͢ǧľ飬ΪѪҲĻָֻʱȽϳˡ
ЩǰûãΪѪѾˣһ˲ͱ񱩵Ľ澢ֱӴݻˣֻٳһǾԲܸġ
⻹꣬һлɱѪ֮ôѪʬߵ£ֱӽѪϵĺ۸˺ˣʬһӴ⣬ȫƤͳ˴һĸо仯ĻǳľңЩƤѾȼССĻ硣
˵ҲѪùΪ֪ʵϱûҪأűһֱɱˣ֪ʵôֲĻһһ㣬ҪץҲ÷ѵ˼Уô׵һоͱɱˡ
ǸѪʬϵʱ֮䳤ѪҲʼĸɿݺƤͬչһԭĺۼ˾ͬڷɳǧĸʬһ齹̿ʬ
˵ôеԭˣЩѲ߹Ȼûʲôô赲ǿĻߣӦͷɣΪ̵ų֣
һһﴫ˳ݵžͱһ޴ֱӺƬһȫںڵѪߵ⣬ֱӳ̫£Ǹܼƻİ˹³ա
Ϊʲôֱų֣ʵúãҿԸ𰸣ǾΪɱ
תһ۰˹³գǹһ˿ЦڵһתӴ̳һʮֿµѹ˰˹³ա
ѪֻģūôĴٻ󷨣ҪڻڲٻѾʧǿ飬ͳһ㣬ߺѪûκοأûе·ѡ
쾳ߣ
ܵǹǿƣ˹³ں·ɫʱ䣬̷һĺХ


847 Ѫħ
һĺХΧʮС͵ƾը˿ЩСķʽͷǳļ򵥣ﾭЩǵƻ
ʮΧܣЩѪһ֣һ仰Ҳ˵ÿ˶ʼǰһķģγɷɿĿ٣ûдЩܵʲôɱ
ʮѪڽеķĶ׼ȥ֮벻һĻˡ
ԭյգЩȥ֮󣬾ȻʼԤ׵ӿ˴ƬƣЩʵƶʱסȵ⣬ɫ˲İ
ƬҲֻ̫ǽһƬΧѣ֮ĵط˵⡣
˼ΪǺ⣬ⷢħڵ⣿
̧ͷ˿գмļЦһ
ɱ
˹³һȣ˵ȴκһԣһָĹŹԣѪڲԣֻѪŻᶮ
Ⲣװ˹³յ˼ôԵɱٿҲޱˡ
ڰ˹³һ£еѪһ˲Ĺ򣬴ﵽǿٵĺɫӰѪóٶȣЩֶǺѪȻǸˣǵмûѪ
Ѫһ˲䣬Ҳ˲䶯ˣȻը׵׵Ľٶͷ˳˶óƶѪһȫʩչ貨΢
ԭصӰʧһ˲·ӰÿһѪӰֹĵطĲӰ·˲仯ͬʱԸеѪһ
ڰѪϵѪʶľʩչյ书ʮƣԣЩѪѪϵҲһ̶ϵĿãټޱȣÿһƶȫʩΪǴĲ˼顣
һѪһȭһƣԤ׵ľͱʮĵȫըһѪٱĽʮʱΪƷһ书ϡ
ԽǿᣬʮƵԽǾ޴Խ˺ڣ߾ԽܷӳʮƵĹվƷȻҲʱ̱˶ѪȻǿԽƷķˡ
ʼԵļֻѪǱһƾֱˣȫĽʮĺˣÿһƻеХЩͨĺѪûһ֮С
ҲֻһʼļֻѪû׼Ѫ֪ʵǿ֮󣬶ʼıսֱʱǲŷԭΪǿ׳壬ĸǰȻһ
˹³սⷢһĻĻҲһűѪʮֵ𾪣ִʱѾԤϵ˿ܻĵߣûȻߡ
֮ǰǾѾӻߵĺǱߵõϢѡĵطɽ󴨣ҲԲôʱĽû뵽ջǱҵˣ˻ʵǿĿֲһλߡ
Ȼ֪Ϣй¶ȥģǴʱѾݲð˹³նʲôˣһһߴﹾĺ˳ʵʵ̫ǿ󣬾ˡ
죡ͷħܽԸһҪħס
ĺһ֮󣬰˹³յһͷʩչ˺ڰħ
Ϊ³ռĵϵᣬ˹³Ȼ˺ܶͨѪǿڰħЩħǼ崫УûйϵĴУǸѧЩڰħеĽġ
ִĴָŽ˹³պݺݵҧһڣ̾ͽĴָҧѪ죬ĶͷͳһӵѪɫ·ǲ³ռգ˵ʱ˿̣ѾʽļڵľѪ
ѪĴĴָڶͷһһѪ̾Ĩ˶ͷѪɫգ˹³˫ٵڿбȻһһ׷Բľ޴ǰչ֣ӵķĴӳֵһ˲͸¶ǿ
һ̾Ϳ˰˹³Ǹһۣһתͳ˰˹³գѪϵܴܾð˹³ô׵ʩչ
ѪϵʩչٶȳĿ죬ûеﰬ˹³յǰʱǸ޴ѪɫľѾһʺĹ⻷һ֮ʧӰ١
һ̲ڤڤ֮һɹ־Լ붯㿪ʱǵʧʺĹ⻷ѾϣѪɫ⻷ôֵĶûвôͻأĳϡ
Ѫɫ⻷ֵʱһԭƶգ۾ͣһվԭأѾоѪɫ⻷һɹŹֵڲϵڣͼڵԴͷҲǵλá
죡Ѫħסˣɱ
˹³һʩɹХһ
ΧٵƶЩѪͣʱҲͣô̶̵Ӷʱ䣬ʮѪѾʮ֮࣬ڸղŵĽУֻҪѪûһܻġ
˿µĻߣʹڱ³ռѪħסˣҲû˸ǰһÿ˵񶼳Сĺ;裬·ʱһ
ϣǻڸʲôѵѪħĿ𣿣һȺ
˹³մѪħǷǳ߼ĺڰҪõҲ൱Ӵģڵʵ޷߶ѪħֻľѪǿд߶Ѫϵħ
Ѫħǿס´̼ĸ֣͢ѪĹħѪȻҲǺڰħԽ͢Ѫħ֮һ
ֻҪѪħסˣڵԴȪ̾ͻᱻ֣һʧȥڵ³֪ʷϺܶ͢ĺ´̾һ֮¡
ҪܿѪħĿҲҪȵУѪħһ˲Ͷ㿪ҪߵʵΪ˷ֹѪħļ͢רŵĹħƽµѪɫ⻷
һѪħԤ֮Ȼֱˣ翴ڵѪħסɫҲʮֵѿϵҲ𽥵ĽͣƺѪħѹˡ
ǾΧһȺѪҲû˸ʱȥǽеİ˹³գҲֻԶһжѣԼǰȥղսӳĿѾǿһˡ
Աһ˫ʵ˹³ʾԲĶ֣ǵƾҲһ


848 ڧ
Լôϣ
˹³ձƼˣһѪͻȻ˵
ŭеİ˹³ͻȻƽɫתѪеŭ·ֱӽѪΪҽ
˵ʲô
˹³յʵ͸¶޷ѹֵķŭ
ȻѾסΪʲôϣΪʲôϣѵǵûҪֻΪǲ³ռˣ
ǸѪȻѾ˿ڣҲͺʾķȻ³ռѪǿ֮һҲûпȥЩѪǣǸǻ˰ʮ˵ġ
Щ壬ҲΪʵΪ˹ȥڻԵ˹³ǳȥʱЩѪһĬˣҲͣ
ҵĻǶǲ벼³ռˣ
˹³ЦĿһվŲѪʮ˵
Ҫ벼³ռ壬ǲΪ˽ȥڻҸʹģ³ռֻΪǵڻңļ岻õѡ񡣡
ǸѪҡҡͷµҲòں˹³յˣֱӽˡ
³ռֻǵڻңļ岻Ҳν
һѪˣһ˿ڣȻ˸ˡ
Ƕʲôʱ𣿲Ҫǵļɶڣ˳Ļʱ³ռԲŹǵģӻŷΣѵܴӲ³ռѳȥ
˹³ɫв
ͲҪˣ㻹ô뿪ɣ
ǸѪҲĳԼ
龹Ȼһ˲˾˵ת䣬⵹û뵽ôؼʱЩѪȻڧ
һǸȡһʱ䣬ȻղѪĻҲʲô飬鷳ѣôһӣѾѪħãڵڿٵƽѪħķӡܿͿƷˡ
ұ죡
ʱһǿ׳ѪǰݺݵĿڳѪһۣǿ֡Τ˹ЩΪȻʱңǻģû˾һǻлصŷޣ
Ҳǿ
ǸѪԹԵ˵
һϣɱ֮ǻԻ뿪ҪˣڻΪԻãﵽпܳµߣʧȥ˵Ƭ̶ȥ
֡Τ˹ݺݵĵһѪ˵ߣǲϣϣѾѪħסˣǻںʲôһȺ޴ų򣡡
䣬֡Τ˹Ѿһź˲Ʈǰһ죬ָ̱һأ˹ȥƺȣҪһؿڣ϶ֱӰڳ
༸ҪֻҪƻԷҲܵشٻ⡣
ʵжǿ˳³϶õȥԿ֡Τ˹Ͷ׼ȥѪħסˣ޷״̬
һɲǼ䣬еĿ·˵߶Ķס˿֡Τ˹ֻ֣һеĶͷ·ͷڳѪֻѾҪࡣ
Ѿ·һ˲䣬ϵѪħͻȻԤ׵Ĵѣ˲ĹͻΪһѪɫϸ龧壬ĵϣɲǼ̧·ֱԽ˿ռĽޣֱץס˿֡˹֡
ȻѾѪħ
֡Τ˹ûκεľţһЦݣƺͲµƳѪħ
Ѿ׼Ǹһ⣬ʵǿˣһͨѪ壬ʵȴǿԺЩϵᲢۣҲǲˡ
Ҳ¶һ˿΢ЦѾоץסĿ֡Τ˹ֻӿſµѸٵֱֵֵֻͣ۶øӴִ
仯һ˲飬˲䱩֮󣬿֡Τ˹һʣٶʩһ뽫ץŵֱͱȥƾԼֵţһ¿϶ֱܽͱ
ˣ֮һıץ붼ûбָֺǿĴؿڵ·ûκεı仯
ͦģϧˣ˵̫Զˡ
ǹһ˿΢ЦԶͨߣΪԭ򣬻Ϊ屻ٵһˣǿˡ
һתұͻȻ䷢קſ֡Τ˹ұһӴ˲䱬ôһ˲䣬ͽ֡Τ˹ұӲĳҽӰһֱ˶Էĸһž߷ˡ
һǽʮΨһβĲ˼飬ȫǴľˡ
֡Τ˹һֱߵڵһ㼤ȥֱװԶݲͣͨݾͽȥ
һĹЩѪг˰˹³⹫ΪǿĿ֡Τ˹һߵδ֪ЩۿһĻѪɫ䣬˸һԲ̻Ϊһź
Щӿֳ˼ʮֻСͷҲصĳŴ漤ȥȻкҲһôˡ
˹³ձһĻͨ죬û뵽ЩӵļһȻʱѣڳǼѪ⣬ѪûӴܣͣԭأĶ
ڰ˹³ո˵ЩʲôʱԶɽͻȻһܼĻӵŻǼԤױ͵ϮһȺܶͻȻֵĽ˺Ƭ
ԭѾú˺֣
˸ղһĻ˹³ͻȻеļʧˣ֪ԷѾ޵ʱֻѣ͸ղִȻͨǹеھսս
İΧ£ҪӳȥĸʿǺܵ͵ģûţ˹³ջĴһ⣬ô쾳ǰûаտԴ
˵еѪһ뿪
ͳһЦӴٶȻӿǹǿϳˣµѹڳÿһѪ顣
ǶˣԷѾ޵ߵ˾³ǳƴ⣬ûбѡˡ
˹³վĿЩѪ˵ΧͻȻӿֳһʵѪɫ⻪


849 Ѫ
Ѫɫ⻪֮󣬰˹³ëҲɲǼ޵ĺɫһͻ֣ᷢЩëǱѪɫ⻪պģǱͱѪȾˡ
ЩѪӰ˹³ӿ˳˳ëϣеëȾѪɫëüëЩϸСëҲͨͨĳѪɫͷ͸˵ˣѾϸСѪ˳ͷĵ
Ѫ
Ű˹³ܵѪɫ⻪ԽԽŨԶһѪʱЩȵؽе
³ռһִĺڰΪѪݴ˵ѪԽѪеѪҺ׵ļ£һ൱µĺڰʹֽѪʵԽǿʹѪ֮Խ¡
ΪѪѪҺڵѪѪҺԽǿѪѪԽǴ⣬ѪҺѪ֮ȻӵĿ¡
Ѿ޵֮󣬰˹³û˿ĳɣʹǿĵƣڼľѪ֮ʹѪֿµĺڰȻѾƴĴˡ
˹³յ֮Ѫ࿴˿ʱһƿʼǿȻҲӳȥĿ̫ˣΨһİ취ǸŰ˹³ɱǰȻᣬʵȴ쳣µĶ֡
ЩѪûа˹³ǿĺڰҲûľѪӳʵҲһЩʵİ취ֻЧûô˰ˣʱ˿̣ѾûһѪʵΪѾƴʱ
ѪҲһǿĺڰˣǲӡ
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еһ˴ͷ֮󣬶ʱѪŻߣЩѪߵĶһȻҪһˣһܹȥǻĻʹˣʹԻҲĵĻصŷޡ
ӵʱ䣬Ѫȥ˷ֳٶȫľˣЩߵѪֻר־׷ɱЩѪ
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ѪЩϵᱣôױ׷ϣҲͲᱻЩϵѹ׵ˡ
һΣ˹³ǳ׵׵ʧˣڵ֮ʩչ貨΢ٶԶĻҪµĶ࣡


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Ѫĺ˵סʲôҪصƣֻҪʱУºȻа취ĻָǰҪһڣǳ׵ˣôѪǿĻָҲûκΰ취»ġ
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˹³ձΪԼľǳǣһǿǵضԿգΪеĻΧѡߵ泬ͿշУĸ߶Ⱦ״ﶼôüӣ仯Ѫ֮ǳСһػ޷
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Ȼţǰ˹³ɱ޶ȵ侲֪ʱǧܻţǰµ֣ŷ޿ѾɱһλͬѪϵͼסԸޣѪѾǵһμˡ
оĶֲΪµģΪѾ֪˸ȥԸܽЧʷӵߡ
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һ֣жʱһ£Ȼûʲôޣǰʱͼպ;۵Ĺνֹ쾳֡
׼Ըۼһ𣬻⵽˹ı˼ĵطϧΪĳֹһ˵ĹҲԱڤȫϳˣһ١
ΪĻôۺͼҵĳͻиԴˣǵαӦòȥôԵ飬ôھۺͼҵĳͻѵڱ
дɻ̴Ӽ뿪ˣͺտٵĻص˼С
½֪ƽʱĵطһΪɽɽ̬ķǳãڽ׵쾳֮ȥӡ
ɽλڶƫɽѩ˼ｫ书ľһǬŲƺͶתƣҽֹ϶ΪһĶһ޶Ĺ
ĹУҲû˰ңϾıңҲĸ֮
ǿһֻ֯Ϊڶɽڽֱڼͳ죬Ǽߵִ飬мҵ˶ӰΪֱڼˡ
֮ʰ·˽ָ֮̾ȥ˻ɻ˶
·㻨߸СʱĹŵһƮŶëѩɽ£ɽһ޼ȫɫĻѩǣһʱЩ·ص˰˹ɽ
ʱѾóһᱡ޷ϣ䣬Ϊ䣬Ҷú֣ܶ࣬˵񾭲Ҳܶ˵ע⣬Ⲣϣ飬ڴϾͨ˿£
С֮뿪ܼסأ˻ɽҰ֮Уʱ˿ɫѾ΢΢¹£ɽȴǷһʵ΢⣬ѩ¹⣬̫ڣһһصС
½õϢҲͽڴˣֻ֪ڶɽھڶɽĸǾͲö֪ˣŵ˻ûܸһλ쾳ֵ˵زֵɳ쾳֡
һ׵쾳֮Щֶԭְ˱ŵĸ߲㵣ҪְǼ
֪ܲЩ˾ɸϵ˶ɽ˵һƬɽѰҼˣǷǳѵ飬ɲͨˣֻäĿĵңǸɽ˿ѸٵѰҵķ
ֻмһˣôңҲҪһʱּܷټƬɽɲֻǼһˣ˵ЩˣǰİԱѾʮˣЩ˿ɶҪԼģȻѰˡ
ҹĶɽУһӰٵѩѩĵûκεĽӡ˿һĻػ̤ѩ޺ۣ
ϸ˵̤ѩ޺۲һṦ֣Ṧһ磬һǷǳߵһ硣
Ṧڽ쾳֮Ṧһͻƣôܹ̤ѩ޺۵ľ磬־ṦڵºۼǻѩּĵطǿɵĿͨ
貨΢Ѿ˼ߵľ磬ѾԽ˵ṦǰҪ̤ѩ޺ȻǼ׾ٵ顣
ѩϲۼǰУ˿ɾͲˣСʱĹѾ˺ܶĺۼ
ЩӡǳѿЩ඼йˣѩµĽӡͨҪǳܶ࣬ҴЩǳһĽӡҲԿкܶ๦ߵͲͬ˾
һҲǼˣֻмŻִߵͲͬˣټǶɽķΧʲôﾭѾԶˡ
¶һ˿΢ЦѭЩټһ·Ѱȥ˶ɽڲڷɽͷʱڼ˺ҹǵĻԶĺƺڴ΢
ҵˣ
һЦкڿлΪһİߣһԭʧӰ١
ɽĳһȺ׵ĴĴţѾڳ˯ȥѩﻹڿŻ𣬻滹ҰζڲϵĿţʱʱĵ¼֬·Ļƾϴһء
ôһֱȥҲǸ취۵Щ˼ֱǷˣκεĵ͹ǼҵˣҪһֱţͽЩʿɱһɶˣ
һ󺺣ѩһľ׮ϣϰĹͭɫ⣬СС˰ܼı鲼쳣ĺˣټϴһ࣬ľĸо
ѵ뷴ô治Ƿ˵ʲô;۱˸ңҪٲ׵ֱӿĳԹ͸ӵĽⲻˣʱ¾ͻУһ̣治֪ЩʲôѵôĿǵȥ
һҲݺݵĴһµľ׮ľͷһʵƤʱһȭ˿ľ紵ǰĻѶһҡҷ
ߣҪǾЩʿٲʶôҼǲٿˣòҪ
¶һ˿׹⡣
Ѿ˼ɽܱܷͷǱ߽һôһ£ҪЩ˵ʿٸҲ磬Ҳˣ
һҲݺݵ˵Ȼ˾һӵֻǰڼţǲ
˲Զĵطһɫ޵Ůһ˾һ֦ϣһˮԶ
ʱһ󺮷紵һƷ˿ǾӣǼȴ˭
С㣬ʱˣǻϢһɣ
һվ£ͷż˵
壬ȥ˯ɣû£Ļ˵ٺʲˣʲô书𣿡
΢΢ҡҡͷ
£ֻһ˺ԼʮֵǿΪİڵļӦѾ޷ǿĺˡ
Ȼ֪ǴҵŹǼСʺҼҲûҵڶʺ书Ҳͳ˼һ˵ר
˵ɽ캮ض򣬴ҶǺϲǶڼ˵ĻĵطɽҰİѩе˿˿⣬ΧһеĻĵ泩
˵ʱһӰѾϢĽӪ֮С


858 ٵʿ
ȻǼҵˡ
ǵϢӪڵΪȥң׵ľϳ˼ҵĶ顣
ȻѾҵ˼ҵڵλãôʱȻǵһʱѰҼڵĵطˣΪ˾ȽԶڵûʲôӦŵǿŴҲۣûлѺܳʱͷ˼λá
ðɣС㣬ȥϢɣ󣬴ǲõġ
µ岢ûж˵ʲôû˼̾˿ҡҡͷ߻Ӫء
ȵ뿪֮һӰϢĳ˴£ովһ˲䣬۾Ѿ˹
书˺ܶ࣬ĳȴ޷ΪĸӦǳֻҪһķΧڣͻַ̳Ӧʼٵת
ˣ
¶һ˿΢Цµ֦
ҵǻһʱ䡣
һݣѾƮƮ˼ߣһѾ§˻ʱɣ
࣬ǿĴЩʵ̫ˣȻɱǵĹΣǱĻᶼûУΪ飬Һ;Ѿͬˮţʹˡ
΢΢̾˿üͷ
ʲôˣ
ʱһ㶣Щȵʵ
㲻֪ˣǾ۵˷ֵģʱ˼κԼ쾳һıڣֻһ˻Żˣھ۷Ϊɱǡ
˵ͷôͺ˵Ԫ˶ţִҪҸۣṆ̀
Ԫ˭
ʵ
ھ۵ĵԪ˾ʦ֣Ҳһ쾳֣ʵλҪǿһˣʦԪѾʽӹ˾ۡ
΢˵һԪ˵ݡ
ΪʲôԪһҧ˼У
Щɻʵ
ΪԪεϷһöƣһ֣ƣóľƳɣʮֵϡ٣ǼҶûм飬֪Ϊʲôεϻһöѵļơ
εҡҡͷ˵
ôԵļ޻ַ˭ɵã
ͬҡҡͷ˵˼һ֮ʵ
滹ں;۵˽棬ں;ѾͬˮĵزٲЭһҪĴˣȻҼҲ¾ۣһսʱ˵˿϶ܶ࣬Ը顣
Щε̾˿ҲǼһԸܽģÿϲϺˣҪǾִ⿪սĻҲֻзˣʱûк֮·ѡġ
ʱ򣬻ʲôýģ۰ǽ㵽˼ҵͷϣһζίȫҲǸ취ҲǵɽҲ˼ɣ
̴ٵЦһ
ţԸǣʱ;۵ͻ˫ʱƺϴˡ
˵ͷ
Ҳûʲôðɣ۵ǲǸˣ
ֱ˵
۵εĳͻУԵĸ޼ɵˣƺѾ϶ǼҵĴͿʼˣѾкüλ˱ˣڻˣҵŭѾҪѹƲסˡ
ʵˣҲֻʵʵ˵ˡ
һζϢˣþ϶˾µ֣ǲŻԼҲƣΪվһߣЩ֪νĵʿҿǳµɽѾǳ׵ɵˣȻǲǼ޻ֱ治
оһ׼˵ЩʲôʱͻȻֹס˻ͷĲ·ڽſдʲô𶯻֮Ķ
ôˣ
쳣ʱֵʵ
ˣܶˣʮϣЩ˵ٶȺܿ죬Ŀ
˸ƣżƮȥϢվ˴档
ôǱȽϴ׳ģԽ˵κܺõ˺棬֮󣬼Ҳо˲ԶһȺ￿ƶٶȵȷǷǳĿ죬ÿҲ֪붼ǽ֮ߣǾͬʵ֮ˡ
䣡
ˣӪȻҲ˲ˣʱ˸һһȺҵǰɫصĶԶѩϱϮһȺСڵ㡣
֮ʱЩСڵ㻹ԶһĹѾһӵʱ䣬ЩڵѾΣҿٵĳ˹
Ǿ۵Ⱥʿ
ĽһЩ֮󣬺ܿмҵϳ˭Ǿ۵ˣʱһƬŭ֮ɼ˫ȷѾͬˮĵز
ٺ٣һȺͷܵĵС֮Ϊ㵽ѩɽͿӹһ٣ɱǵĹ밲Ȼ⣬ֱǳ룡
һȺŵ۵˽ǰٶȷǵû˿ķŻٶֱӶżҵӪؾͳ˽һʿһЦеķȻһӣһεѾżҵֱӺ˹ȻͿʼ֡
˶ֱֵ̫ǣϣ
û˼¾ֱӴΪ׵ȼ˼˵ķŭ֮ģڼһ֮󣬼һ̱ŭĳȥ˲ͺ;۵ĵʿսһһʱѩϵĴĻѩͼҵⲫ֮
ԣЩ˲Ǿ۵ĵʿ
ϸĹ۲һ֮ɫһ
ʲôǲǾ۵ˣ
ʱһæ̽ͷȥ˿
ȷʵǾ۵ĵǣ֮ǰȥɽ۵ˣԺν֣Щ˵书·һͲǾ۵·ʵ̫ˣЩ˿϶ð˾۵ˣ
쳣϶˵
ô죿ҲðҼҵˣȥ˾۵鷳ɣ
һӦûð伧ȥҲ磬ߵŭԴﵽĳֲɸ˵Ŀġ
ҾͲ֪ˣǰЩȷʵǾ۵ˣǾʲôˣֻҪһʣʲô֪ˣ
ҡҡͷкһļʧһ̾Ѿ˻սȺ֮С
һȺս֮УͻȻһˣȻǲʲôעģעֻȻˣ֮ҫ۵Ĺâǡ
ֻһѾ˼ߣѡ˼룬ΪͼսǸˣȺٵʿͷ֮ˡ
ȻȶԸٵʿˡ


859 ɨ
ٵʿʵǲٺڳļ˱ʵѾǺǿˡ
Լٵʿļ룬ʵѾ֮ڣӵеȻʮֵĻ񣬶սɺ죬ǼҰˣⶫɽһ˺۾õ֤ݡ
ٵʿʵȼ뻹Ҫǿһߣ书Ϊ죬֮ɱƵ֣ʽâ¶еһ˷ȻʲôǷĳӹ֮ȴ׵ڼϿ˵˺ۡ
Ȼٵʿõһ˷书·Ȼǵҵ书·ʽдźŨصаϵҲ͸һɷͬѰаȻˡ
ΪҪٰ۵ĵʿԴó书·ʹһ˲ǺϤķԸ룬ˣҲѾԵѹ·磬ʹó书϶Ķ֡
߾
һֱѹ·ļѣһȣȫ𣬵ִѪ˲֣һ˲ϰþǼһȻ׼ƴˡ
Ҫ꣬ҲҪңԶиߵĽ
ڶļٵʿһеķһ׼ʱһ˼Ķߣһֻƾİ˼ļϣȻ赭дһӴȴ˲ӿ˼ڡ
Ѿ׼طڱ˲ͱۻ֮ѹˣطʩչĳЧûзӳѾѹƻ˵
ͻȻֵ˿µʱüһ󾪣ǶԷǴݿ㽫ݻٵǿȴ˲˻ȥ·Ͳһ㣬ʹõطѾѹˣԼġ
۽һƲͿһ˵Ӱԣ˾̤ǰһվǰǸٵʿ졣

ȻֻƳһǸ˵Ĳ棬Ǽ뻹˳ڵļΪԵʣʶ˻ûм
ˣЩ˲Ǿ۵ˡ
ûлͷֻǵ˵һ䣬ǸٵʿһЦ
˭㲻Ǽҵˣ
һڣλٵʿ춼һ벢û˵ǰķԸ˿Ǹٵʿɫһ䣬¶һ˿⡣
֮󣬼ҵҲ׷ע⵽ߵΣһڼĺ˿һĹ򣬻սеļ˺ȺٵʿͶѾ˿վμС

˵һ֮󣬼̹ȥ˵˵˼仰󼧼ں󷽹ĳıӰһ
ⲻͬѰһĻλٵʿʱ۾΢΢һУ۽ǵļ΢ɲĳ鴤¡
һȺҵ󺺣ȻһëͷСһĻôô죬˵ϸоκεƣͷ·һͨһ㣬öһȺٵʿɶͷˡ
ǲǾ۵ˣΪʲôҪðʿ͵ϮˣѵΪ𼧼Һ;֮ĶԹ
ɵļٵʿ죬ȻЦʵ
ǾǾ۵ˣƺǼҵˣȰ»òҪϽν
ٵʿһ̬ʮǿӲ˵
һȺٵʿ˵ǲǣǻƫϣζҵУǵ书·۵Ĺûһĵط˵ԼǾ۵ĵӣ
ҡͷһЦ̾˿
˹
ٵʿһɫ̱һмһ˵ӣ˲Ҫ˵ˣСĲҪͷ쾳ĸ֣˼϶Уôܸһˣ
ЦξôĶ֪ȻһҧǼɱΣֱǻ
оһƺε֪ٵĻղŵ飬֪˵ĻģвȷţԲŹ˵ⷬ˭֪ǵ鱨Ҳô
ۺͼҲ죡ɱǵĹƱҪҸѪĴۣ
ٵʿһԣת˻⣬˼Һ;֮ϡ
һڼҵ⻰ʱŭĿӣΪǰǲûж˵ʲôٵʿ첻֪˭Ƿǳģǿǻʵ쾳֣
˵ʲôҲ㲢Ǿ˵ʵֻҪ㣬Ȼ֪㾿Ǻη
ȻһЦԸ˵ʲôˣ˶ѼӲƺĲֻҪץס֮һվǿʳġ
ٵʿʱһ֪û׼ĽѾ࣬һûôãһȴ·𸲸Ȼֱ޿ɱܵĸо
⣡Ȼĸ֣
д󾪣ٵʿˣȻĸ֡
ʱ˿̣ںѾˣһмٵʿУ书ˣǶ֣Щ˾Ҳﲻ˶æҲֻܿԼˣȻڽһΧˡ
һգٵʿ˲أ·ƾձСһ㣬εһתзѾӶĻķâʹ˹ȥ
ó书ɣⶫʹãǰͲҪóŪˣ
һЦƽƣһץһ֮̽Ѿֱץס˷ĳ룬ʹǿֶϷҲ˿飬ǿעֱۣ̾ͽĳȫضϡ
һ˲䣬һ˺úõķͱһͺͷĶ̹ǳĻ
ٵʿתĸӿˣһʱƶķȻñĪһݸ޷յĸо
һ̣ٵʿͻȻ𣬴Ĳ෽ٵĵ˳ȥ׼һߵļٵʿǻغϣʱǱߵҲѾӦ˹һ׼֧Ԯٵʿ졣
°ɣ
ҡͷһЦһѾֱӵǸٵʿߣƽĳơ
һƱٵʿϵıȴǽȻֱͬ飬һЦݣٵʿһľ̡
ƽӴһ˲䣬񱩵ĽƵĽˮһ㳤ֱٵʿڣ˲ͽڵݿֱƻˣٶȿ쵽Ӧֿʱ䶼ûУѾִ˼ٵʿĵﴦ
ĵڶƣ澢һ䣬ʱ˻ɫɢŹ첨ıڤǿ̴ķ˳̾˶Էе


860 ħ
ڵһƱɢڵ֮ʱٵʿ֪´²ˣǴʱѾ޻֮Էѣû뵽飬ĻҪµĶࡣ
һǿӶԷĴ˹Ȼ˵֮е˵ͷ·һȱڵĴһ㣬ԴԴϵĳй¶
ЩֲͨľԷϵնȥ֪ܲ⾿ʲô书ٵʿʱ˿ȻɫɷףȻҪжԷĿƣϧʱѾ㡣
ȡٵʿʱļٵʿҲѾΧǲ׷ʲôֻΪѾס죬һ̳һʱֺȭŴľ磬ͨͨк˹
Щٵʿǵ书ҪĶˣԸЩ˸˷ʱ䣬һɨһǿ֮͸˲仯Ϊһֱֳӽеļٵʿķڵء
һڳļٵʿûһվȫʹİ˵ϣһǽʮƿɲôܵģЩ˵书˵͵£ûеѾĽˡ
ͼսƽֵһȺٵʿǣûκλ֮˲ͱͨͨƽˣ˵ҵʵ̫ﱾûкܶ༧ҵڴˣļλ߶Ѿżȥ˾ۣǷɢĵط
һĹ֮һɣλٵʿʱ̱ѩϣѾʮֵη壬ʱ˿ڵѾǷֺʣȫһɶ书Ѿǳ׵ıˡ
˵˭ΪʲôҪð۵ĵʿ͵Ϯң
ٵʿ֮ͻȻ΢΢һֱĿ˼ٵʿ۾
ҽᣬʥ̣ڼдϣǰִ񣬼ٰ۵ĵʿۺͼҵķ
ٵʿһ㱣ƺĳصһ㣬ʱ˵˳
ħ̵ˣȻϣ
ĵ˵ͷʵξôģǲħ̵ɱΣ
Ҳֻ֪˵ƺ˼ͳϵУʥ̹̽ɭϣҲȥʲôִֻˡ
˵
ھǱߵôǲǻھۺԪ̸У
һ֮ʵ
ĿǰͳѾǰִۣһƻȥˡ
˵
ʲôƻ
ʱüͷһ塣
Ҳ֪ͳϲûкֻɺԼˡ
Ĳֻ֪ҡҡͷ
ħ̣ﶼǵټȻɱμ޻ңҪֵˡ
̾˿еĹâʱȥҲ˹
㣡ʲô
ƽʱ֮ʵ
ղֲһƵĸоǿ¼ˣڵˣ˼ԼȥԷһͷǿֱɱˣ
뵽϶ʱһ󷢲һɺ˲ӿȫ
ħ̵ҪȥۣԪ˻ʲô˵ǸʲôдҲȥԻȻһ֮ɱ֣Ҳһ͵͵ļ֮
мЦһߵЩٵʿߣڵȫˣʱ˵书ϳˣԭ˵Щˣٵͻ˹ȥû֧ţҲ޷ڵơ
鷳ˣҪԳְæ
һȺѾƷˣһ·ǰϵĵлһǰɲ¹ڲĳ֣Ͼһλʵ쾳ߣͼ漧ƽƽ
֮Ͱˣǵⶫɽһңұȥ֮Ҫȥģû뵽¾Ȼȥ¥ˣ෽֪֮пⶫɽڡ
ɵһЦ
ҲȲѣָӣͺ;۵ʿƴˣҲôң
̾˿εҡҡͷҺǻûɴЩʿԭǾ۵ˣħ̵˼ٰģǲħ֮˵ļƣҺʱĴħ̵ıƣǼһˣ
⵹ʲô⣬Щ˶ħ̵СආˣħĸǶûгǸʲôдΣѾǱ˾ɽҵþĸϹȥֹǱʲô֡
΢΢һЦָָ˵һҾȴȥɽˣʱҪ֤ҵףˣǰһͨͨ͵ɽʹǼٰ˾۵ĵʿǾͽðɣ
һеƾԸ
æ˹һ
ҪҪһȥɽ
߹ļʱЦʵ
ţҲǱߵͺһȥɡ
˵ͷħ̵˲˽֮ԼİΣҲʼȻʵǿħеĸҲڶ࣬ҶԸһǺܼ򵥵飬һϣ㹦Ҳ˫ȭѵ֡
УǾһ͸ɣ
żŴȥᣬٵĳŶɽΧ˹ȥ
书ƺȴеˣЩмֱǲһף
ߺ󣬼żҵ˿ʼ׼Щħ֮˼ٰĵʿֹЩ¶ˡ
һӴЩٵʿʱ򣬼ͷ˲ͬѰĵطǾЩٵʿǵһˣһʼΪĴֱһһ֮󣬲ȷⲢǴ
ЩڵȫԵ޹ʵʧˣ֣ﲢû𰡣
һ֮󣬼벻ͨе
һ˵֮˵书Ҫϳֱ˶Էĵ©֮Ȼ޷洢ԷҲʹӴ޷ټȥˡ
ǰЩħ֮ȴǲһǵĵ￴ӣƫƫûһ˿һûͨһ
һ֮ûʲôͷʼҲͲȥˣ书Ǹ߳˲֪٣һЩⲻ˵ĵطҲʵûʲôֵġ
ڼʰЩħ֮˵ʱżѾٵ뿪˶ɽҹڶһȥ˷ɻ뿪ˡ
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ĸСʱĳ;ʱ˾Ѿ˾ɽ¡
Ǿڵĵط
ǰɽʵ
ǾɽȥԶĵطһۣľۣǿйãľۻɽ֮˴ĵط
˵ͷ󽫻ԲѵУżɽȥˡ
һûȥǸٵĵֱۣ˹ȥֱľۡ
Ȼһˣһ㶼ûӰǰеٶȣ书ҲͣȻҲ˵κܿʧдеɽ
ۣǰɽ˵Ǿµʱõĵطƽʱ˻˾ۼ
ʱһȺ˾ۼڣһǼ·һŵĶǼҵĸ֣ĸ׼ҲڣʢҲ׷·
ҲһǾ۵ĸϷͭһλˣǽεԪˡ
»ɵûнô¶Ϊʱ磬ҿǴӳȽϺá
˵ȻƽǻȻһֲɵζϾ쾳ֵݰҲһ˿ӵġ
ɵȻ࣬ǰһЩҪģΪʲôҵʦҪԸ㣬ƾһ֮ԣ˵ң²ô򵥵顣
ԪҲһޱӣƳһۼ
Ѿ˵ĺˣΪĹĶӱħ̵˶õҩҩɾȣħ̵ҪҪɱңĹŻһƭϷȥ˹ıڣ˵Ҫۿ赣ԴΪ׼˶ԸϷһˡ
̾˿ҡҡͷ
ʦ书׿ټ쾳֣ƺԸҲʲô⣬ΪܰȻ뿪ʦܵȴ
ᵽ飬Ԫ˵ʱķ
ϷĹ֮䲢ûʲôԹʶ꣬Ҳ˽ˣĹҪԸϷϷȻԴУһλѵİ£Ĺˡ
˵ǲûҪ˵ֻǻ˶ѣǾ뿪ˣ淢ǾͲ֪ˣϷѾ˵ܶΣϷΪϷ򲻻аƴǡ
һλѣλʵǿ־ȻԻʦˣܺã
۾΢΢Ԫ˲̲˵ڼʦʱȴʦڵͿݽˣ֮ǰڵΪĳԭȫʧˣĪǷʦܵ书
⣬ʱĹҵѣôһҲ̫ϾԷ书·ҲǷǳϤ
΢һ֮󣬼ҡҡͷ
ʧȥȫ֮ʲôΣգҵʦҲûκεĻ֮仰˵㲻ɱʦܣҲǼӵĶϾĻ·ʦܵɺŲжĹϵ
Ԫ˵ĻʼĲ侹ȻӲҪεڼҵͷϡ
ԲӣѵĹҪɱϷϷֻ¾Ц˵ʵϷûеĹ£ѾǿཻķϣΪϷô˵
ȻԷˣȻҲʼǿӲĹ书ȷʵǷϳˣǶϷĳͷ˴²Ҫ۵ĺ£˭ϷʲôϵӲҪҼҵͷϣҼʱ㵽ף
Ԫ˵΢΢һУŵľ۵ĸվżҵķŭĿӣһʱڵձĽһԲ̴ֵơ
ʱͻȻܽһСʿܼ֮Ԫ˵·
ʲô£
Ԫһеķʾ۷ĸֶ£üͷʵ
ˣղȥɽˮֺüλʦֶ˺ɽǵʬ廹
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ԪŭĿӣһʹʧˣһ̾ͳСʿǰеķһƾսСʿ
ͣںɽϻȥϻ´ˮʱֵģ
Сʿһŵ˵
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Ԫŭһһۼ֮еķһӣǸŵСʿٵ뿪˴ܿͲӰ
ھ۵ɽϣȻ˼ʿɲС£Ѿɱ˵ۣɱĸʵ̫ˣǲܵ顣
ߣԭҲֻһȺ͵֮Ȼʱ򣬰ɱҾ۵ĵӣ
һ߳ĵʿżм˵
˵ʲôҪѪˣ
һӵķ֣ŭվ
ҵǼ֮˵ķ񣿡
һʿҲ䣬ǵĶļ˶ʱȫվмѾڵƶʼ
ʲô£
һߣƽĿŶһȺ۵ĵʿ˵ҿԿ϶Ҽ֮ΪǿԾȥ飬ûҵκһҲԶǵ˶֣˵ɽɱ۵ĵˡ
˭֪˵ܲãҲ˵ȲҪλˡ
ǰ˵Ǹʿ˵
Ͳ͵ˣĻǾҼڲˡ
һЦں˵
𽥱΢ʱǰȥԪ˻ˣ۵ӷεʬ壬ʬڷ˴롣
뼧ҵһʬ壬ȻٸңǾôá
۾ֱĿżԪ˵޷εŭ⣬ȻʱѾڼĿеŭ
ˣȥô¡
ҲоĲԾ۾עԪˣͷҲתķԸһԵļȥ顣
ûжķϻߵ˴룬ʬԱϸļ
Щʬı涼ûκεˣǺ˱ȶ֮ȻģǼȻԪô˵ˣ϶вͬѰĵطԼ˼ĸϸˣ̽˼ʬڲһ顣
һ¼ü˷˲ԾĵطʬȫѾѣѾλ˿һǱڼҸˣϸļһ֮󣬼˵ıʱùһ˿ŵɫæص˼ߡ
棬ԣʬλϣƵǱǼҵĶתˣԱ֮ʩķӡ
˸ڼĶ߿ٵ˵


862 ʱϵ
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˼˵ĻҲһҪ֪ʹڼңܹתƵҲ޵ģеļ߶ʸѧ
Ϊֶѧ㴫£Ϊתƶ֮˵ҪҲǳĸߣһ˿ѧģԾ㼧ҪȥҲûʲôãѧҲûа취顣
ھȻ˵⼸۵ĵʿ˶תƵľѧ֮£üβԾβȣʱߵʬǰԶϸļһ
һ飬˵ǼˣԼҲЩɻˡ
ʿڵȷʵԱ֮ʩĹɵ˺ǳӣڱͬԴˣ֪书ֻжתƻʹصĹĹʱû˵
ôܣ
վ˵
ȻڵƵȷǶתɵģԸǼΪΪЩתƣһȷǱתˣǾ˵ֵľЩ˵еһ
ߣο㼧ҵ˼ģǻʲô˵
Ԫһͼ˵ʬˣȻЩƵ쳣ҲüҵԼ飬Զˡ
ΣҼھҲˣţͺ;ۿսˣ̵˽죿
ʢ͵һӣֱվŭ˵
Ҿ۵ɱǼҵˣǿЦЩӶھɽúõʲôʱɽȥɱ㼧ҵˣֱſڴƻƣĪΪɱҾ۵ĵӣҸûʵһ£ͿԺŪȥɣ
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ǼһҪٵʿ۵͵ϮҼҵˣҲߣΪƾЩˣܹǰȫˣǵĹĶ֣
һҵҲվȻѾҪ˺ʱȻҲάʲôˣʲô˵ʲô˾ǿսĽ
죡
ɫһ䣬ʱĺһֹ˼ҵ˼˵
һղǻԪ˵ɫʱͱˣЦ˼
ãã
ɫĿŸղǸ˵ļ֮ˣԪڵӴζһһֵ˵żҵĶתƾѧ˫챾һתƾʲôĵطܲܵסҵ۵ľ赣
ΣڴˣȻ˵˵ļƣϣ˼У
Ȼô˵ڵѾʼתһص̿ʼļ˶ڡ
ʲô飬˵ǶԶתƺĺܣ
ԪһЦȫȻһзֱָۿҪֵʱ򣬴ſͻȻһ
ס֣֪˭Ĺ
Ȼ󣬵ȴĴӴſڴ˽ڳе˶ȴûڴſڿˡ
̽ͷ̽ԵĿʱһӰԶĳ֣ߵٶȲ죬Ǽ֮Ѿ˴ſڡ
һλˣлһԲѵĴŵ۵ˣ߸һλɫŮΨһźľŮһ˪ı飬û˿Ц⡣
С֣
ɫһϲֵĿһۣôˣ
棬ѾץǼҺ;۵ףǵɽ͵Ϯǵʱɱǵİˣʱе˶ץסˣûһܵǾһֱӳ۸ˡ
ߵ˼ߣٵ˵
Ȼ£
Զʱһû뵽Щ˾Ȼ˶ɽ֮С
ʲôˣ
Ԫ˼߽ʱüͷʵŵǸŵ۵ˣоܲã·ʲôҪһ
ˣǾ۵𣿡
ûлش𣬶ǽŵֱӵԪ˵ǰ
ߣ
һ֮Ԫվ˳һڵ۵ĵʶĲִ࣬Ƶ۵ʱ䶼ںɽչȻЩ֪ĲǺ
󷽾۵һۿһȦ˶ҡҡͷһ˵ŲǾ۵ĵӡ
˲ҵ۵ĵӣ㽫˴ҵ۵ĵʲôͼ
ԪĿʵ
ͼûʲôͼʵΣ˾֪ˡ
һЦһָԲѵᣬһʱ⿪ϵѨ
ԵỺ˹һ۾ͿǰվԪˣжʱһ飬ΪʵʩƻһԱô᲻ʶԪˣھ۵ˣҲǵҪĿꡣ
ǺˣΪҪðҾ۵ˣ
ԪһĶᣬеɱΣзĳѾĲ·ʱҪһ㡣
˭ԶҲ֪ˡ
ΧһȺľ۵ĵʿͻȻ¶һ˿΢Цͷһ֮ͻȻһƺɫѪ漴ϵϢʧӰ٣Ȼ˲ˣûֹôĿš
ߣָЩ˵İϷΪҸϵ۵·˵ðҵ۵ĵӣҲδ̫ҵ۵˲һ˰ɣ
˲Ԫеŭһ޵ĸ߶ȣ˼ֱˣܹҲԣοһλ쾳ߡ
ͻһĻüҵҲɵˣǱΪ϶ܹѻ˵ģϾѾץһ˹˾ȻǵǰԾûõ
ôҲǰ¶ˣȻʱ䶾
ֶΣȻҶһЩħ̵˻ͦĵģȻﻹҪһѡ
ȴЦҡҡͷԪ˵ᣬǷħ̼дִƻҺ;֮Ĺϵһֲ߻Щ飬ٰ۵ĵȥ͵ϮҵˣǷ͵Ϯ۵ˣĿľΪҪǵìܡ
дôû˵˵֣
Ԫһ̽Ķ
ħڶĳϣ˵Ҳ֣ҴӴ˵ĿеõϢдѾ˾ɽܵıļƻҾþѾܲȫˣȥλʿ˵ǼдΪ
ŵһſʬ˵
Ǽд˼ҵĶת֮¡
Ԫ˾˵


863 ̧ͷ
ڶת֮£
üͷһɻĿһۼ
ת书˽⣬ʱȥĿ书Ұн书ҲĲˣ书ɲһܹģʹڼҲӦúǡ
׽ˣ˵Լ츳ûȥֻһź˵츳ǼͬѧǴķɢľԼѡ˵һź
ڼҵУ츳ܹӽǺٵģתƵҲǺ٣ʹڰ֮Уûмʸתơ
Ҳ֪ôһ£תƵҶ֪ЩҸҵûһ˻˽Գ֣ڵƵȷǺתеԱ֮ʩɣһʱҲЩҡ
̾˿εҡҡͷ
£
ǰϸļһʿڵƣȻͼ˵һƺͶתɵûʲô̫𣬵ǸоЩԹԵģԭĶתơ
Ϊתƣڤָߵȼ书ģκһ书ԶӵУо⣬ȴز
̽ڵϸļ飬Żվ΢ԵЩ졣
ôˣ
Щ̫࣬æʵ
Ȼһʱ벻ڵôɵģҿԿ϶ڶת֮£һ书ģ˼ҵĶתƣƵơ
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ôܣ˿ģ⶷תȼ书
ЩŵʵһֶģԷ书ʽЩֿԷжİ˾ŲʮЩЩͨ书ģ¶תֶ书ֱǲܵ顣
Ա֮ʩһмʹڶתƵжǷǳѶת߾磬Ǹһеģ˵˿ģһеĻǴҲŵġ
ȫģȻǲܵ飬ΪȱҪ书ķֻҪƵƣȴȫпܵ顣
ҡҡͷֵ˲Сѵ˵λд
дھ
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Ҵ׿ʳģдѾ˾ɽ׼ʵʩıҲ̸ϵΪ˰¸ǣֹ̬һ񻯡
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ߣ˵ڣǵһ֮ʣΪʲôҪǣ
Ԫ˿ͼһһ˵ţɫԽ
ƭʲôô
ȻһЦǾʵһûĪΪҺ¾۵ıǿЦ
µ˭ûйϵĻȰ㻹Ǿ뿪ɽȽϺãõʱ˽Ҳ߲ˣ
Ԫһɱӿ˳еķһӣֱָ
ҪҺʲôϵεһ书Ǳҷϳģ֪Һʲôϵ˰ɣ
ǹһ˿ȣЦһ
ԭʦܣ
ԪϵɱȻʢӿ̼͹עеķϣ֮Ѿһĳ嵽ĸǰڿл˵⣬˿һֻһ˲Ĺǰͱ˿Χˡ
Ԫ˵ϮŲûŲôվԭûֻǵһЦʧˣȫһըǿޱȵ̴ȫӿ˳һ֮쳹񱩵˴ܷϯ
վľ۵ĵʿǣԼҵˣ͵˳ˣ·һ˲ֱӱըһ㡣
˳֮һ˶ͷ˳ӭԪ˾ͳ˹ȥͷϲ̽ʱ򣬾޴ҲŤչ˳һн׿ƾմӿ˳
ûչֳʲô춯صǹĿȴȫеˣʹǼ֪ʵȻ˿񱩵֣Ҳһ𾪵ɫ
ҵ˿ˣ͸˵Ǿ۵һȺʿˣ˭û뵽֮£Ȼµʵ
ԭһȥΪαڵʿʵ󣬶ʱһϢˣ˵ĳǱ˿
𾪵ˣеԪˣû˱ǰ޴ж£ΪһֵʱѾεϣ֮Ըܲľ޴ΪҪĿѾˣϢѾ˼¡
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һȣԪ˫ĿŭڵȻը˿һٵת֮еķһֿԵٶ趯˲Ϣ֮תΪأ˿ܲ͸硣
ѾˣԪ֪ѾܲһУΨһİ취ǽ䵲£ȻѰұķĻᣬ쾳ֵĿ£һ˶֮ҪѶһѵ顣
һϢĹԴ̧ͷѾǰľ޴֮ϣǻŷԪ֮ûеľ޴ֵĶԼ̧ͷĶҪСһ̣Ԫȴڵһֱӷٵĵ˴ĺ󷽡
һ졣
ײ޴֮ͭϣͭζײķ˿ֺݺݵײ˴ǽ֮ϣӲײһ󶴣Ԫ˵ӰѾˣ֪ɵ
ʮϢĹ򣬴õ۵Ԫ˲ŴӴǽϵĶﴩ˽һѪɫصĿеķͱһͺëĹӣе˿Ѿ˿ȻǱһ̧ͷֱӴݻˡ
ڣΪʲôҪƭ˰ɣֻҪԸ⣬һ˾Ϳɱˣ
Ͷ֮ǰȫһһƵӣ˿˶ֵӣֻ͸¶ĺ⣬þ۵˲ɼĴ˸
㵽˭
ԪɳɤӣĶʵ
˭㲻Ҫ֪ҪǾۺͼ֮飬ȫܵħ̵Ŀľֵʵ
һԪƽ˵εĶӱħ̵˶ýҩζԸΨһ쾳ֻ֣ҪλһȻͻȺףλû£ôƱػ;ĵףħҪɵĿġ
˵ħ̵վûץкã
Ԫ˴˿˵


864 д
ٺ٣ɲһ˵ĻΪʱ硣
һЦǹһ˿ȣͻȻת⣬˵λѣ㿴ҲˣĲ׼𣿡
е˶һ㶣⻰˵ûͷûβһʱĴ֪ں˭˵
Ĺȥˣ֮һƬûκε쳣֡
ǲƺĲ
ҡҡͷתŴſ˹ȥղͦõģҹԪ˵һ̣Ҳʧ˰ɣϢ΢й¶һ˿Ȼĺܿ죬ҵȻ㲻ҾԳֱˣ
һ仰˵ָֽ꣬һһֱ˹Ŵҵĵط
ٶȻʮֵĿ٣ǻûǸطʱѾһӰڳ˶֪Ӱʲôʱ㵽ȥģһʱ˵϶һ㵣ʱǲ֪еķʸǷ˶ԷټŹô˵ġ
˲ãȻӢ۳֮꣬оȻĶ֣ûеͷ
ӴϷӰֱʱ˲ſòһߣһͷ׵ͷ°͵ɽǴɫЩ죬вʱһĨаĹâһƤˡ
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´һߣܹƤӵôãߵʵѾӹˣһλ쾳ߣԲ
ϷǼдʥ̵ĳ֮һ
дû˿ĳɵĳȤĴþۺͼһƴʱǾͿԳģû뵽ƻѾɹʱ򣬾ȻˣҲЩˣǵʵ㣬ȷû˿Ļ֮
аɣ
ȻһЦԷĿ佱ûʲôõ˵һָϵֱʵ
ȷʵϷУô
дȤĴƺҪʲôӦ
ȻģҵĶתƣ书ΪͣҲµòĻС๦ɣ
Цҡҡͷ΢΢һżдʵ
˵ʲô
ͻһʣüд۶ʱ΢΢鶯һ¡
ȻС๦³书Ҳ벻ʲô书Խ书Ϣģµˡ
ĵ˵ͷдıѾӵ֤ʵ뷨һħ̵ˣȴҵ书˸ľأҲһˡ
С๦ȻңɵľѧҪصǲ࣬޼ѰֻҪߴ˹֪书ʽޱȣģ±˵ľѧʤԭ棬ûѧ˹˺ѷֱ棬˵ѧһž书
СޣᣬʶȴǲȻС๦֪һС㡣
дûзϣҲûгϣֻǿѾȫıˣһʼζľ衣
ȻˣҲͲˣħ̵ˣץһһҲʡٵĵطȥļ塣
ȻһЦ˫֣վ赭д˵·ǰС๦ħ̸ֵ֣һһ
ôаնԸңȻ书ʮҪҿɲô򵥵顣
дҲո˵󣬼Ȼһ˵ɽѾ˵ʵš
С๦Ȼ󣬵Ҳ书С๦ɾͣĪǻ޵²ɣ
һЦ֮ǰ˵ʱҾѾ͵ϢصʮֺãҲȷλãҲżԪ˶֣һ̧ͷԪˣһУȻ֮¶ţ˵ԸңҲû̫İա
ССͣ˼ǲ٣ղžȻһ֣ΪϷ񸡶֮¶ǲС㰡
дɫ𽥵ݣȻ֪ˣԲŻҪжħѾΪжд̣Ͼһˣһ쾳ߣȻ취Ҫĳˡ
Ϊħطսټȥŷһʱ䣬ħ̵ļƻŵڼдƺⵢһʱ䣬ɳĸӱ̬ˣħ̳϶Щûˣ˵һħ֮ˡ
Ȼ֪˭ħ̵˶ҲһˣҵҪǶЩʲôֶΣղײգҼʶһħ̵ĳϾж
һЦһδһ粽ѾһֱӴ֮ľ룬ָצһֱ̽ץ˼дĲӣûеԷĸǰһӴƾѾε˼дüдһֱ޿ɱܵĸо
ʮƣȻ鴫
дûкˣͬһЦ˫ڿ׺֮ȭչ䣬ȭһȦֱ֮ӵ˳ȥȻΪԼҳȭ
ԼҳȭഫԿط˵ʱ¼ȭ֮ʹȭһֵʮֵǿڼдʹһΪǡ
ǵ˼еĵطûӴ˺ʵߣ޷ȵڽǵϣһеԢһʹʹǵĴ˼еĵطҲȵɽ
ޱȵһǽʮƣдܵһԿȻҪӲӲˣ˭ʵҪӵǿһЩ
һǣ
һԼҳȭļô᲻ʶȭ½ҵĲؾֻûѣ书֮࣬Ҫѧѧǲʵ飬ֻҪͨһŻ书ͺãҪĻҪ߳Լĵ·
쾳֮Ѿ书Ϊһ壬ѾˮݡᲢõľˣ书Ѿû˸֣֮վͿԸӲ㣬Ҳ͵㣬仯ֻһ֮䡣
Լдһǣ˺ʤ˼Ըְ׵书ӦʹָĲţĥԷԷ־սУ˺ʤĵƫƫôҪ֮һָ¡
һϵӿʮɣЩһһĴӵ֮ӿֳھԵ˵ʽǰƽӿֵ֮ʱʮɵͻӳ˿ƵĴ΢΢ȥ
ܻûнӴдǣǼдһӵҲǼٵģͲһƵĲԾһ֮£ڵͬӿֱȭͷȥҲǼصľ׼Ӳס
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סۿξҪһʱ򣬼дȴ¶һ˿΢ЦԭҪײƵȭƣȴ˲˱仯
Ԥ׵һ³ͻȻ仭һԲȭͷһ˲ͺƴ˿ֱһȭͷһ˲ĹͻߵӰһ͹˹ȥ
ߵӰÿһʵޱȣǼдȭͻȻֳֻһһǿѹȭͷһΪߵʱͿʼˣ޴ѹ˶дĸо
һ˲ı仯ǳ֮죬ڳУ˼Ԫ⣬˸仯ֻǾͼдҪֵһɲǣдϵͻȻ˾޴ı仯
֮УŵĪڼˣȻʵǿ󣬲׵ܣǶֱϾħ̵ĳϣһʵͬµ쾳ǿߣ߽֣ܶʱѾȵòǵʵǸۺء
ʹҲ˵Լܰսʤ
дһб仯ΪԼҳȭƣһԼҳȭе֣һʹҪʤֶһ£Щ˶ѾˣЩŻᱻΪ֣˼ǷǳصֶΣΪ֪
Ȼ׼дʹһУⲢ̺ǿڼдͻȻУҲûһţսŶһʹĳһУǻҲսˣһˡ
д֣ҲǺ׼ͼдӲӲһԹħ̵ĳϾжô˳ҲʶһС๦
ȻѾУҲͲǿˣڼдʹƵһ˲䣬Ҳͬˡ
ԭͻȻһۣƾͱȭͷұڹգգµĲ˲ΪǰҲһ˲ĹͲڵ˲͸ıߵ·ߣҲ˾޴ı仯
һ˲ı仯ֳ书ΪҪѰ֮һ˲ջƱػᱻˣڲ˶ת֮Ѿڵһȫµľ硣
ԼдͻȻе֣Ҳ˲佫ʮƱ̫ȭ
̫ȭɲǹ԰ЩĴĻӣʱۺϸѧȭΪ̫ʮʽ
򵥵ʮʽУȴǰߵѧ֮Ҳȭһľ֮ϣҪ̫ʮʽҪ߽쾳֮У͵˸޷͸̫ʮʽ̺ĸѧ֮Ӱڵ֮·
츳ȻǲҪ˵ģڽ쾳֮ǰѾʼ̫ʮʽ쾳֮Ѿߵȭ߰˰ˣȻ˵ﵽ˵˵ľ磬Ҳ԰Ⱥˡ
Ƶһб仯Ϊ̫ʮʽеĻ˫£һǿޱȵķ§ϥֲͻ˫գ۶Էʹʲô˲䱻һʽ£󻯼ΪƳԷ书ʽһҪǿ֧ţû㹻Ĺ޷ʩչġ
̫ȭǧ˵ǲȷԽĹ򣬾ҪԽǿĹ֧ţҪǧС
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ԭƣϢ̥Уһʽ˫ֱӴƻˡ
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һʽ޾ʮʽмΪǿһн֮ƣֱ£ȫκεĴ֮£һֱУʹǼдҲǳԲ˶ߡ
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Ȼ۳Ļͭӻ壬ǼдǱӲĵɶ


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Ȼڱ˿ֻǼ򵥵һ̧նƶʵ̫ˣһʱڳ˶˵һĿӡ
˵֮ǰ̧ͷƻҵܹܣϾ̧ͷôЧҲӦõġ
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ԭĶԽͻԽ෴һЩҪӵĿ£Ƿ豹ľ磬磬еĵ
ҲǻĹеǾ׻һ磬ѾߵûˣΪѾһȫµľ磬Щδȫ޷ġ
һ޾ֱնɵļд۳ǿڻֵֻͭ˲ϢĹѾ˿׷˵ɿ⣬Ӳֹס˺ơ
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д۳Ļͭӣǽֹļ֣ʹҲò
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ŷѧڼдＸӵ˼£һ˾Եסһ޾ǿµѺۣܹһֱ޵жôӴˣǼдȴƾֵ
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ҲµĲĻӦĲڵĽ֣С๦߶İɣȻǴ˲٣ΪС๦ͽֵĹкܴĲͬڵϢڲô˳ɣ
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ôˣ㻹ǵһ˵ҵ书кܴˣٺ٣ҪСˣ
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Ҳˣܹȡʱ˳ڲƽϢҵǰŲϢʱ䶼ûУҿһֱĹֱڵϢ׵ɢңƾһԼҳȭɵֵסҵĹ
ȻһЦһӣһεӴѹֱӽԶķݺİߣȫκεƣǷȴ˵ǿǸղŵһǵ޾
ԼҳȭϷʮĶȭżʶ˼жѣ͸˵ϷԼҳȭĹ
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ʶĪ书дҲȷʵղٶʩչһֵ޾һǿ˼дڵ˶һɫǣǶǿܵη˵ԡ
ԣղڷϢ̶ƲҵĹ£һʱ䶼޷֧ŹȥŲţ
ҡͷһЦ²һ˲͵˼дǰһ˫۴ͬʱ§ڹգһǿ˲Χ˼д޴բһ㣬д档
дҪ˵ЩʲôûڵĻӲı˫ͻϮǿѹ˺һʱɫǵͨ죬Ҳ֪ĻǱġ
һʽ˫ȡǷչ˼һ˱˫֮ڣĹǿޱȵԽϽ𼦶ҲԽֻҪ棬ǿɾǴΣˡ
дȻһеΣԣȻûʩչʲô书ô꣬۵սʶеΣԣһʽ˫ԽһסͽԴԴϵĹָռȻֱǲ롣
һ飬д˼ʲôֱһƾСһȦ˫ȭֱֳһԲȫչ鸹ڵڹһ˫ȭͳʶԳչ֣˫һ㣬ŰԲ˹
ȭƸճʱһ޴޺ʹӼдڴ˳·дһͷ޴һ㣬ȭƵҲǾ޴ޱȣֻǸոճȭĸѾһȭӡ
ȭΪȭУһʽԼҳȭͷʽԸּĸ֣д֪һ书ʽûʲôãֻЩƽʱôʩչֲܽһЩЧ
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һ쳤Цһ𣬸̲ЩڸϵתͷʽϮȭƲϵĻ⿪˫ʩչ˫û˿ͣЪ£ȭơ
ȻдʹķӣСһ࣬ҪƾԼҳȭͷʽط˫ԹصķʽĹ
ǼдվСΪҲʹĴۡ
˫Ƶʱڸ˴ֿԼҳȭͷʽľ޴ȭƣЩȭȻҲʮִȭƾȭƾͿԽ˻ˣϧЩߣƾȭȫ޷˺ģ۵Ѿ㹻ˡ
һ䣬˲𣬰һ˦֮󣬶ʱһ˶Ϯļдһн𼦶ǹٶȷǳİȣܶ˸ûȵʱ򣬾ѾһŽ𼦶
дһеԼҳȭͷʽû뵽ǵûܱջ˫һŽ𼦶д֮£ͷʽ̸ı˷ӭȰϮȣһȵ֮ǰĵ޾ͬƥڳȵ˲䣬ͽǰĿѹȵķɢ˿
˫ƣн𼦶ϮдѡֻܺһӲƴҪ׵ĹȭǸʱ򣬿Ҫӳһѵ顣


867 Ƶ
ûжʱˣд˲˾ӲĽ𼦶
ͷʽһ䣬˫ȭʱ任״ֻȭͷָֿſһֱҧ߹ȣ׼ĽǯסȻŻѰһ̡ᷭ
ɲô򵥾ױסģÿһʽʮֵᣬѾ˸ζԸдˣ𼦶ֻһӰˣʽﲻôжԽдĿơ
ȻдʹͷʽҪǯס˳ˮ۵ĽȥڿҪӽдͷʽ֮ʱʱ͵һڣ̼ת˹ԭֱ߳ȥȶʱҲŤת˷򣬼һתľڵҲɲǼ仯ˡ
ԭ߶̫ȭͻȻ˽ʮƵԣ𼦶ҲһɲǼ仯Ϊβһб仯ȫĳ˼дԤ֮⡣
ͷʽ׼ȷץ֮ϣͻȻ仯ʽʹȵβһ˲ͻͷʽķֱӴӼд˫צ֮ǿд˹ȥһĽž˼дؿ֮ϡ
ٱĽ˳ҽ˼дϣֻһĹͷдζʱ˶ʧ˴ǰɿûɽµ֮Уٶ֮׷ϣе㾪ˡ
ղŵһУʵʱ䲢ûйȥã˽ֵٶȷǳ죬˵ͨˣڳ֮ĸֶ˵Ķ쾳֮սѾ֮ͨ˿Բֵļˡ
С֣׷ȥ
ֱʱ򣬼ŴӴ˵Ǹд˲أڱ˵ʲôıóȻ׷ȥ˵ͻǵ
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ղżдȻһβʵʵؿڣ֮ӲĵطټĻǷˣһͷѵҲ˵жء
οдýֵѾ˽ĳ̶ȣĻ񹦣һС˶˵ͲҳݣȫûеҪĳ̶ȡ
ĶתȻǿ󣬽ǬŲ֮󣬷û˿ǶԸĵǷȱһ㣬ؼԭڼóڹ
Ϊó쾳˵ģҪǺ֮ĸֱȻĶˣǺͬĸһȽϵĻĹԵòˣǶԸдˣ֮ûܿٵشд͸ӵˡ
벻ħ̾Ȼĸ֣治֪ǻ˶ٵĶʵ
żдķ򣬼Щ겻ѵ̾˿
дʵǿҹƼʹħ֮УּĸҲǺٵģħʹˣò͵͵Ĵλս
ЦҡҡͷдҹǳִնģרŶԸһЩȽֵһ˿¶֣ħִ֮з㹻ˣξûܾдǵԪ˳֮󣬼дžԶԸ۵ġ
ôһ˵Ļȷʵμд˻ȥħ̻ҪľеϣǧҪСİ
˵ͷЩǵĿһۡ
İɣҪңǼдּĸΧңĻߣûסҡ
תӣ¶һĵЦݣ߻˴֮ڡ
ղŵѾĺˣβǵУħ̵ɱ֮޻˼ңҪۺͼ֮ĶǴܾ֮ħ̵˾ͿԳ֮ͲǶ˵ˣλรɣ
ƳһԪˣƽ˵֮󣬴żҵһȺת뿪˴ߵʱֻͷ˵һ䣬һȺð۵ĵʿ͵Ⱥٵʿ͵ϮҵףôãԼŰɣ
󣬶ҵĸۡ
һ᷿ⲻͣȥʱĿ᷿ţ¶һĨɫƺʲô鷢һ
棬ȰɣѾȥˣûʲô󰭡
˴ͤʯվ΢΢һЦ
ôܲģǿǷ裡һþͻ߻ħһ٣⺢ȻʺܸߣǱϾûоʲô飬ֵҩ˵ǳΣա
̾˿߻ӱߣңҲΪ̫ļŻ
Ͼһļ֮У˿ԳңҲ˵ǼõĽӰˣҪ׵쾳츳Ǳزٵģ׳ɹĸ̫ˣĴ壬һû쾳ֽӰˣôδͻˮʵȻҲһǧɡ
棬ӦûʲôģӦܲ
˵ǲôģóģҲ渺漧ѹأô֮󣬼ҵѾǳˣѾ˼ԼˣҲˡ
ȻڣǱϾõķ裬ʲôѹأÿԼȹ˾ҪҲǼѵģСҲֻܱסѡ
ǵĿһǱߵ᷿ʯϵĲ豭һڣ᷿ͻȻʹˣһЦݵ˳ûиһ᷿뿪
С֣ôˣ
æվնıҲȥˮ˲Ϻһھͼææʵ
İɣû£ЧѾˣҪ˳Ķ࣬ڹ̷ҩЧ鵽ľĥ£չس֮ľľͻԺܳһʱҪٵ߻ħˡ
΢΢һЦߵʯ
ǾͺãǾͺãû뵽ȻзʧѾõĵҩҲĸ
ı֤̾ɫ˺ֿܶ࣬ĵҩȻΣպܴ󣬵Ƚ϶ԣջ񵽵ĶǼֵ޴󣬷ҲᵱʿΪһͷѪˡ
ּ;вЧĵҩǱأҲʮֵѰȥΣҲǾ޴ģһлĽֵõģľͼһ㶼ҪˮĥĹ򻺻˷֮ͿѸٵһء
ܶҪðž޴ķľǿڷһ󣬼ʹԸðնûãܹõһ裬Ȼлϲ쳣ˣ֪ѾɹĶȹΣڣǸ˵Ĳˡ
ζżδһʱڵûκεķգֻҪͰĥͲ书ˡ


868 ӿ
ºڷߣ붫ٹԶһɽͷϣʱһ߾ɽͷһʯϣôԡ¹ﾲϢ
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ʱ仺ţɽͷһι΢ҡһֱŵļдͻȻ۾
ôô٣ҶһСʱˡ
ǰķ羰дͷҲص˵
Ƚ϶࣬ǱѾЩæˣôҹȻҪһʱˡ
ĺǸߴʹں֮£Ҳ޷ǿ׳ħ̵һϺꡣ
˵Ǳͦ˳𣿻ŷ޵ѪЩѪİǳҹǴ˲ٵĵ̣ôʲô鷳ˣ
дȻһЦ
ЩѪҲգһҾͻôεһӣ˵ٻʲôǰæﱸ˺óʱ䣬ͷȻһ񣬲Ǽƻʧˣ˲³ռһҪǸ񡤲³Ǳߴ˵ȫʥ̵ĴӶ˻ġ
һߵ˾ʯϣɽ²ζˣ˵
ֻܹǻãֲǲ֪Ҳ֪ʲôϹҸ㣬ǳЩϼһŹֻ֣һʲôĵģѪǵǺܳһͺˡ
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ûô򵥣һ׵˽ЩѪ˵ػΧˣһûܳȫǸӸѾȥˣǾµڣʮֵ֮ͣҪѵĻᶼã
ҡҡͷüվ֪Щʲô
ڣⲻǾô
дĿһԵĺʵ
Ҳǵµĺۼȷʵʵ˻ֹһֻһܻڣʮϣ˹ȥԸЩѪģ˿϶˽Ѫ֪ܹ仯ѣԲ˵ضԿշǿĻǰȥ
ϸ˼һ껺˵ڵ֮Ҫҵ˹³򣬱ϾǸ񡤲³յĶӣô˵Ǹ񡤲³Ҳǲ³ռĹʵǺǿģҪѪһİǵҪҲֻϵȥ֤һˡ
ð죬ȥˣǻרעʥ̵ļƻõʱǱ߹ý
дνѪǱߵϲ񣬶ȫȨ˺һȥӣѪǱߵҲֻһħ̵߲ԱĶֻħ̵ĳԱˡ
ڲ³ռǱҵļƻյһ谭취ߵʲô⣿
ҡҡͷʱǱߵķ׵Ժשͷżдʵ
Ǹ㻹ǵ𣿡
ᵽ֣дɫ͸ղȫˡ
ǻǵһ㣬ôһս쾳ëͷСҪȥôע
˵ͷֵʵ
СӿɲһˣȻ쾳ûжãʵǿһ쳣£ǰһܣؿڸˡ
дϵҡͷ˵
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ԭ飬ʱЩȻУԼҳȭѾ߾磬еֶѾˣôܰǸСӵ㻹С๦ͨʮ书ôܣ
һĲܣѾ˺ʱ˿ĵ𾪣Ҫ֪ħ֮Уʵܹȵϼд˿ûмλһдУôҲζԼʤҲǼС
ٺ٣ҪҲֻһֶѣھɽһֵĻСӳģû뵽СӵʤȻû׷Ȼǽһɡ
дҡͷһЦСӵʵȻǿǺӦҲûǿ̫࣬ҾͲˣСٶҲǿˣ治֪ôģǴ̥Ҳô찡
ȷСӵٶʵ̫ˣ취ԸˣôȥĻ׷ϽҲò˶ʱˡ
ΪȻĵ˵ͷԭУǸһСӰˣٶȣѾовǼв
ϽôףڶʮǰѾͨʹﵽߵľ磬СӾô쾳ⱲûлͨǸ⣬ҪϽ֪Ǻµˡ
дҡҡͷ
Сֻһʱûע⣬ʵѾ˵ľأ³϶Сʲôǲ֪ģȥúõĲһǱߵҲʧˣȥһ˶ɣϵһǱߵİߣΡ
ȴǲͬдĹ۵㡣
ðɣҲεˣξһ˶ɣһȥʱ򣬺Ǽʮǰ飬֪ⶫʲôģ
д˵ͷ˲Ӿʯվһͳɽ»˹ȥ֮ʱһ仰ǱߵͽˣߵҲץܿҪˣɱʱýʧ
ϼһİɣ
һһƺۣ˲ʧԭأɽָֻ֮ǰֻʣһ΢Ļȥ
˼Һ;۵֮ʱҪҶĵʵһǿܵ飬ȻһĶǺܶȻҲصľ飬һЩ뷨ҶĶһ档
˵ϣܹıṹ£ܿǿܵĽԭҺѾˣһںִֹغϽĽԭҺеԭӽṹոĸʺڹʲϵǿҶľ˴ļ㣬Լεʵóý䷽
ʵ޴Ŀܱһ̨С͵˰У·һԲε͸Ͳޣװŵа޵ɫҺ壬ЩҺҶ⼸оɹǳΪԭҺһţǿõĽԭҺ
Ҷĵһ£ϵİťܾͻĴӿн䵽˲ڣɫĽԭҺĽܶȥŹһ˿һǣֱܳ׵ĽԭҺ֮С


869 
ãֻҪʮСʱýԭҺ׵֮оˡ
û˽ԭҺ֮УҶ¶һ˿ϲɫ˵
ʮСʱ֮Ǽ֤漣ʱˡ
ҲͷһЦĿһǰľ޴ӣȵܴʱ򣬽һȫµǿƣԭȵܣһøӯҲǽԭҺԿһ졣
ȻеԭʲôҶڽʱһѵרҵʣ˶Щͷ󣬵ⲢʹܣлǷǳ˵ġ
뿪ʵ֮ص˼УʱѾԸ˸ȥռ䷽ڲѾռ˲ˣѰҵļҩҲҦҵȼİռȫˣֻҪоһ䷽Ϳʽʼֽⶾʥˡ
ųеһⶾʥҩûⲻĶأȻЩˣҲ㹻ֵ֤ҩĹЧⲻĶأҲܽһЩԵģԼӳж֮˵ΪѰĽҩȡʱ䡣
ֵҩ䷽еҩľͶһٶ֣ƵַǰһҪҵʱ䣬νʱ伫мһЩעĵطҩƾͻֱʧܣʧܵҩûаõĵطҩԻ᳹׵ʧҲΪĵط֮һ
ڼоһ䷽ԽоԽˣҩо漸Ѿ˵ǽ뵽һߵľ磬еƵҩϵѾĳ̶ȣԲܷ䷽
оʱҩҲ½½͵˼УһĹͶѻ˴ССӣЩﶼǸָҩģһ֮ߡ
ۣʲôʱˣôණ
¿λصеļŮһžͱѻɽİŵˣҶϦʱߴߴĽ˦˽ϵĸ߸ЬҲЬֱӾܵɳϣſļһҡΡ
ⲻöǸָҩģƵҩõġ
εһЦҶϦ㷢

ҶϦеֽţʱӹſ˵һҳ͸Ͻ䷽ͷΣͷΣʲôҩѽôôӣƴ˻ܲܳѽ
ƴ˵ȻܳˣǾǷϵˡ
ҡͷһЦ˵ųǽⶾʥɽеĶأһŷһнҪʹõʱǾͿԷסһС
öļٵѽɽеĶأôǴţ
ҶϦɵĿһŵɫ
ȻЩˣо˰ĵĽⶾЧȷʵܲ򵥣ٸĽһӦÿĽⶾЧӵǿ󣬾㲻ܳ׵ĽЩأҲܺù̶ɣ
Ц˵
Һ˵ֵҩֵҩ䷽ʧ𣿶ҪһƵҩݺݻʲôѾܾû˷ˣûҩݣûа취Ƴġ
ƱҲһ˹ߣĿŲ輸ϵ䷽
ȷʧܾˣҲɺ֮²ŵõ䷽˺ܶϵȥѰҩģҲҵ꣬˲أƵʱҿҪСһ㣬һʧˣûжݸҩˡ
ͷһЦȻҪ䷽֮һҪ࣬ݹƿʮˣƳĵҩӦò١
оɣȥˡ
ҶϦһЦһڣܿˡ
΢΢һ㶣ҶϦľٶҲЩȣûʲôҶϦĹϵͺ׽ֻһĤûдƶѣһԵƱҲЦ¥ȥˣֻʣһˡ
ļʱڣڼжɹ㲻о䷽ͳԸĽƵķ˷ʳľˡ
䷽ѾǼӽ䷽ˣƵַҲǧʵ飬Ҫ֮϶иĽ治һ˿԰쵽飬ʱ߼ĵҩһûаհ쵽
ͨҩ䷽ҩٹϤе£ûп滻ҩģҲûиӸ߼ƵߣĽȻʮֵ鷳ˡ
첻ˣŬڽ䷽Щ΢ĸĽȻЩĽĵطע⼸ƳĵҩЧȴãѾǷǳ׵ĸĽˣҪķ֪ˣƻӷúõĳ̸һ
һ׼֮ڵ￪ʼḶ́Ϊ˷ֹţҵֱӷˣҸ߼Ů⼸첻ҪҪߵļһ˿˿Ĳע⣬ͻᵼµҩƹһ
ʱķɿ죬һξȥˣʱһҲûдӵмҶϦζȥ˲赹ˮ
Ѿ׵쾳Ѿ̥ϢʳˮѾ͵͵㣬ȻǿԱٹȣԲҲ棬һѾûˣڵ֧ţҲԻϺóһʱ䡣
ϣڼŮڿ￴ŵӣжòܳʱͻȻӵص˿лССƿϹһ˿ظ΢Ц
ɹ𣬰
æ˱ˮݸĵʵ
ʧΣļǳɹˣĽҩЧңһ˴һϣԱʱ֮衣
һƨɳϣƿ㣬ӹǱˮͷһ
Ժǰٶˣ
ҶϦ˷ܵӣߣӹƿ˿Ӵȥᡣ
ɵѾͷǸⶾõģ֮Ͳ¶ˣ´ҪжĻҪС
εһЦҶϦڹؼʱԺѾϰˡ
ô鷳Ϊһ֮ͲжˣԭҪٳԣǶû˼
һ⻰ҶϦʱеƿ㡣
ҪһûطȥѾͷȻѱһߣɵˡ
㽫ƿڵ˳͸Сڴװãһ˷һţƵıǾĶؼʱ˵һ
ûʲôʱһǿĵҩѽֳһžֵܵϼʮĵҩҲĴѽ
ҶϦ̱ɳϣ˵
һųʮ깦СѾͷƬŬεͦġ
һЦ׼˵ʲôɫͻȻһ䣬ɨ˱Ĵ⡣


870 ˷
ôˣ
ͻı仯üŮһ㶣ҶϦʱɻʵû˵ͱһƴˡ
ָָ棬ʾ֮һʹɳϵ˴ߣ۾Ϭӥһ˲ɨ˱ΧΪʲôûУֻԼʱ۽ǵͻȻƳһӰӰƺ񣬿ٵ뿪˼ӵλá
վڴϿһӣû׷ȥһΪ׷Ѿ̫ˣΪգļ󣬲˳ȥ׷ٵˣһǱʲôӦҲǺܳġ
Ȼ˼ӵҼҵĸЩ˵ĵĺܴ󡣡
صɳϣ˿ˮ˵ͷ
ʲôˣҪҪ
Щŵ˵
ˣЩ˾Ըˣа취ȥѧУʱҪСģһʲôҪ̺ϵ
ҡҡͷˣʱ䲻ˣȥɣҾڿţЩˣҪٹĻһץסǵġ
ʵŮȻǺŵģڿҲʮֵķģҪС֮󣬼Ů¥ȥˣǶ˯ߣļ֮Ҳӵоˡ
ڼŮ뿪֮һӣ̽ԶǽϵĿĵĻһλãĵȫϨ𣬳һƬڣֻдͶ΢ĹâϡԿļҾ߰衣
΢Ķ˶۲һΧĶ֮ôɳϣĿ˵Ϣ״̬ʱҪѡʲôرĵطʱؾͿԽ״̬֮УͻƵʱʱʱѹҲʲô͵Ϯ
һҹȥˣڼӵ˱֮󣬺ҹǹļΪƽûʲô֣һҹ֮⼸ĵҲ˻ٶȻָ۷״̬
ͼŮһͣŮȥѧУȥ۵פأһڶļ֮£װͷ֮⣬ĸװ˺֮ܶĸ̽ͷһ˾Բ֣ᷢǺͶһͨϵֲܸпܡ

ۻصĵ¼ڣһʵǱߵİڵװҲ˼ĸĽһжΪʵˣԽԽˡ
ɣһЩע⵽ûУ
΢΢һЦĶļ˵
˵˼Ӱɣ
̾˼˴ĻΧļأһʮελãһ̽ͷĲ׽ǸӰΡ
ӰʼնҸţûнڵĴ㣬Ҳ֪˱иܵķʩԾôһֱţ֮ǰʱһֱûвΪڵڱչ֮ͷǸӰټ
ӰճڱΧʱҾѾע⵽ˣΪûԵĹͼΪ˲ŵҵҾû֪ͨ۵˹ȥһʲô򶷣ᾪŵΧˣӰܲá
ָĻϵĺӰ˵濪ʼٵı䶯ֱ˶еϿգ˶еĵͼǸӰͻȻ뿪֮ҵܹٵͷջƳһ·ͼǺӰʧλá
Ŷָָ򣬵ͼһɫע·ٵķŴĩ̾ͳһƬĵطȻҲһ
ȵȣת𣿰ǶӵҲҿ
ͻȻöָͣŵͼһ˵
ԣҵһ½ǶȣάͼκһǶȶǿԲ鿴ġ
˵ͷϵǶʼתΧеһŵĳǰ
Ȼǰҵı
һʱѾȷⶰˣΪǰȥⶰʱΪ˴̽ϳֵ䣬ΪˣǶҵļ
ҵı
ɻĿһ۵ͼϵıûʲôͬΪһƬʽģͳһĹ죬ûԵ
ǰµһȥȷǸӵ˽˱һ׷𣿡
ָָƬʵ
ûа취ȷǵӰƬʧˣҼеͷûзǸӰټͷҲˣȷǸӰʧƬȥ϶סˡ
ҡҡͷֿ϶˵
ƬʧˣְֳҵıĪֻһɺϣ
ɻĿŵͼüͷ
ҵһ취ȷǸӰ٣Ҫһʱ䡣
һͻȻ˵
ʲô취
ʱ̧ͷ
ǸӰȻȫҹҵļ̽ͷѾ׼ȷļ¼ֻҪǸСｫֵ˶ȶһкܴļʿҵǸӰǺˣ߾סĵط
һ˵ͬʱĻʾһζ˵бȽϡ
ã벻취ھȥ׼ȶԣȡǸСҳӰʵݣһȷݣ֪̾ͨҡ
һû뵽Ȼô⣬һ֮뿪פأȥŴãƺõһЩȥҦ
ΪⶾʥҩȻҪЩŮһһЩʱ֮裬ϾôңҪԸһˣɲʵǿͿˣ߰ҲǲһСľͻ˵͵Ī¶ˡ
ĶҩпܱܲһԸͷǿ϶ˣΪԷһǸŮȥһ
Ҧ˵ļУͳڿڴڵĳռʽ쾳֮ʳֻˣһ첻ԾܵĻţѾôˣҲνֱƹˤˡ

ںҦ˽ҩЧʱ˺ռͳͻȻȵתͷƺ֡
԰ôˣ
ֵĿͳüͷһʵ
Ȼô
ͳæеռϺҵĲ˲֮ܵɳߣȻһƨ˵ϣӹҦеĵҩᡣ
ʶ
ͳ飬Ȼǵһ˵ʱЩʵΪѾʧܶˣ˵ֵ˿ǷǳϡٵģͳһԻȻ˵ȻЩ档
Ȼ˵ˣһȹһأ
ͳ˵ͷЩ˼鿴е˵


871 ҩ
㻹ùǺϡĵҩھȻִ
ȤͳЦʵ
Ҳ֪ҩǴģ⹫ⶾģǸʱ̰Բ£ɽﵽܣʳһжԵĹӣû˾Ͳˣ⹫ʱϵǾûʶĻˡ
ͳҡͷһЦǸʱ⹫óһĵҩҲǺ֪֪ټֻ֪⹫һҲֻôһţҳ˾ûˣ⹫˵ǰȻҲ̰ԣûô֣ǳֹ֮𽥱ôֵġ
Ȼ飬˻ֵĶӣ
ҦһһЦ
⹫ô˵ģҲ֪ļٵģȷԽԽˣǿƼҲȥͷ۰Ҫûж˵ҲǺͰһ꣡
ͳŴ죬ٺһЦ
쾳֮󣬱ıûţƤԽԽˣ쾳ֹȻǱȽʹ򡣡
һ۸ͳҦһҪʹȥӡ
ҳԹǿŲ̫һﲻһҲ˵һָо
ǿͳᣬһɻ˵
ȷǲһ䷽ѾҸĽˣƳԭҩҪ߳ңЧӵǿ
ͷһЦ
Ȼ䷽ԸĽǲ򵥣Щҩ䷽ɶǾǧѾ˼µҩԣ̫ˣ
ͳĿһۣڽ׵쾳Ҳ˵ʲô෴ԽʵԽĸоɲ⣬ȫһڴҦ˵ߵһڣҲûʲôˡ
ΪҦ˵ߣڸܽ׵쾳衢ЩֻڴеõҩҲûʲô
ιһ£ҪСģҵĵ˿Ѿ˶ȻʱԷʲô·ѾҼҸмˣЩ˵͵ϸ
Ҧ֮ɫ˵
Ȼ˸ҵȥ͵ⲻ𣿡
ͳһֱӴӲǱһֻնڴڵ˺ֵʵȻûץסǣʲô˿ԴƤӵߣ
շֵģΪ˴ܣû׷ȥѾȥˣЩ˾ʲô·ǼȻѾң˵ߵҲǵߣˣȥĻҪ೤һۣעΧûĻˡ
ҡҡͷ˵İȫСҪϵģЩֶԸңߵҲǺпܵġ
İɣҪ˺ˣǾ͵̤ҵʬ塣
ͳݺݵ˺һֻȣڴڵĳ
һЦ֪ͳԣʱĽӴͳΪʱ⹫ɽУʼջһų֮ģ֮һֱҦ˵ߣҦ˵ӰҲܴ󣬲ûʲô̫Եı仯Ҧ˵İȫͳͦĵġ
Ҧ˼ִһľ˷һҲ˽˲ľ飬˱ڤ֮ԸѧļⶼڼٵΪģ¸ָѧֳģһͳƣͳĶȶ˳
ҦˣһżҴƷΪӢƣƷ̥һŽΪŮʹñܾһɷĸоƷĴʼ˾ʹӽƷʺŮӵҲ󣬿νһá
ڿҦ˱ȻһƷ֮һĽ飬˲бȻһ뿪ˣͳػţǺܷĵġ
뿪Ҧ˵סȥʫסŵĵطʫϺ͸סһҲûʲôµסֱӾסլסҲʮֵ⣬ʫϣǲԸ뿪һļϣֱӰᵽס
ͣ·ߣ³˳ľСһ·ߣмһǰͣϵͭ
˵ôϲȵһĽУԭйš
Żûʹ˸ˬʵĴЦ
һʫԺ̿ļҩ¨вҩ򿪵ԺţվſڵʱϲĽ˽ȥ
ôпյ
Ժ֮󣬸һ裬Цʵ
еæⲻʱæ˾̹ˡ
ҡͷһЦ豭ڲ裬ͳһСƿϡ
ǣ
ƿɻĿһۡ
ţǷãһʲôأⶾ
΢΢һЦ
ʲôƳˣ
۾һɣվƿᣬϳһ˿ɫҪݵʱһɻôҩݿǺ˻õˣʱ϶Ѱ֮ãû뵽ȻΪϧޱȵĽⶾʥ
ҲһڵĹڰƳɹˣҪǸĽ˺ܳʱ䣬ҩԴңҩЧǱȽǿġ
΢΢һЦ豭һˮ
ȻĽ䷽˼飡̫˼ˣֵҩ䷽Ѿȷ˼㣬ÿһ˿ҩԵں϶вȻܸĽ䷽
ȵĿһʥҩ˴뱲ӣ˵ⱾȥĶЩҩ䷽ԭ䷽Ƴѣ֪ĽѶжôĴ󣬡˲ã˲õĴ٣Ҫ֪ľٶ̾ͻΪҽ
ˣҶԳͷûʲô̫ȤôһĻҲͦãѾܶæĽͷöˣҪٸôһ飬Ǿ͸æˡ
ֵ³׳ɲһ㵽ҽ
ʫڿʼʽѧϰҩ֪ʶ𣿡
ϸҩ¨ҩʫϣЦʵ
ţʥҩȻЩ𽥵ĶˣҩлǷǳģЩ֪ʶǰװ׵˷ˣʫ⺢Ӷһ鶫ȤҲ͸ɴһԵĶ˸ʲôĵطϹͷܻ꣬ҲԶָָ
һЦĿʫ˵ʫҲĹŵˣȻ̵ʮģ޲ýѧڸźá
ѧϰһЩҩ֪ʶҲãʫطҲܸõĻӡ֤طҲǴкôҿʫϵɫԽԽˣ֮ʵĸҲǴа
ʮοЦ


872 
ʫԺҪ书Ҳ˴㣬ֻʱ׼ʫϣϾʫֻǸոûеңòôż
Ҫ书Ѿ׼ˣǴȼҵõǱũٲݾŵľ书ũҩ
ž书ڻ˹̫ĿڹעҪ˵ҩˣũٲݾܶ죬ҩʥҩ伮ιʸľ书һؽɧҡ
ˣϣһ裬ʫϹһЩʱȥԼĥºľ
һ֮׼ߣͻȻһ£ӱߣһҩ˸
裿
һ㶣һãı飬Ȼûʲô
ֻǿһеĵҩŵһҩ֮ǰ̳һĻĻĻþжʱ󾪣̷Ծٶվ
ȻǷ裿оȻ޻
ȵĵɴۣٵʵ
һ˺ܶ๦򣬵ȷҵ޻޻ֲ˫滨ڿǺټˣҲǻԵɺ֮²ŵõһЩ
˵ͷϹһ˿Ц⣬ø̫ľ»ô꣬ҲûнһܵĴ̼
Ǽ˴еȻּ˷ǳķ裬ЩҩһʧʷĳУΪֹµҲʮϡٵĵҩˡ
裬С֣ϵ˿˲ãЩѰ֮һӶĶȻһһõ֣ߵҲܵ˵Ӱ죬ʫ裬ٶƱػ࣬ʱգ쾳Ҳǲܵ顣
еķ裬ʮָп˵
ȻЧǿҲΣգʫϷõʱ򣬻ҪһԶտһˡ
ǫһЦ
İɣΣ֪ĺʥҩһָĵҩʺڷ÷ʱһãȶԼħĸţʱȥһҩģʫһЩá
˷裬ݹһĵ
ٺòˣ
һϲһҲ΢ʵȻ쾳ﲻǷǳǿ󣬵ʥҩôҩļȴ˵ǳףﵽһѾǳߵľ磬˸ı֤ôʫϵϾͿԸˡ
һ֮뿪լӣһĹͿͺ뿪ˡ
ʫϰС⺢治ʵǿ󣬶Ƣԡ˸Ҳ˵ĺãҿ͸СҲͦõģ˵ǲǣ
ǱߺŲ裬Цеؿæҩĵʫ˵
߿ǲȱŮˣûмЩŮˣϣÿһҲһͿҡ
ʫеĶ΢΢һ٣ּЩҩġ
˵׼㲻ǸξСֵ㿴ŷգСֿļǵ̾͸˹ȥ⻹˵ʲô⣿
ҡҡͷһͿ˵ñ飬˵ҾСֵλ϶ͣ˵ЩŮ˵ĵλҪߣֻСûбֳѡ
Ҳɣˣϣҩʲôţ
ʫϵһ˿ȻӿֳЦ⣬ҩ¨һɫ䣬Цʵ
⺢ӣ
ǻ˴뱲ӵˣﲻ֪ʫϵС˼Ҳûж˵ʲôж︣˵Ҳ̫࣬ҡҡͷŲߵҩ¨ϣʼϸµĽҩ¨һҩĲͬܺ;
ʱѾص۵פأ˱·ĵ¼ڣղڻ·ϵʱ򣬾ͽӵ˶Ϣ˵͵ѾϢ
ǲǰҵˣ
һңֱ˵ʵ
ϿʼԤУǸʧıȥǡаҵı˵ɺò̫ܣҺͰ֮ǰĹҲһʱȵ˰ңһֱ̫Ĵ
ûǸ˻ǰҵˣһǰҵһҪ
˵ͷĻϵĻ濪ʼתȥĵͼ˻ϡ
һһʮױס廨ţҪ̶УÿҲܶ࣬һٶͷֲڲͬĽΪǸߵ԰ʩĺܲ
ָŻϳֵĺ㣬ͷṩܺõĻᣬ˺ݼͱȶԣҵһʮַϸԵˣ
䣬Ļϳһ˵ӰȻͷģʲô־ϼ̶̵ĺ룬ķݣԵ÷ǳգҲд͸һַǳ
˭
ϸĴʵӡûˡ
Ҽ׵ܵܰҲҵĶһϢҼĲҵǰڴ˵ǰҾԵʵȨеС
һ߽ܣĻһ߳˴ĹڰĽܣеͷΰ̽ĸ߰ͷΣһۿȥȻЩۻȻǸʵȨ
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Ӱǰеʱ򣬽µĲӻ᲻Ծڹգǰеʱ򣬽µĲͬ᲻ԾڹգϰԵضΪڵظ֮󣬲ʶΪʶĿƣӰ书һȻĳ书µϰߡ
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Ȼ֪ҵİص˻ȥǰҵ˲֪˹һһǹװһףȷŵûеڶ֪ȻĻҶԭͿ϶ųء
ʱԷжԭ򻹲ƽʱĽʹ켣ûʲôԶԷĶһڵ飬Ҫһʱܲԭ·ǳĽץʲôѱͷλҲϤ֮ûκһͷ׽λá
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ڰһ᲻ᱻʲô쳣һһ㶼ģΪʹУܷ쳣Ҳûмˣ˵߶ûеĵطˣǸһܵ顣
Ҳһ٣ҪúõһģΪʲôᶢңҹƲΪҵԭӦǱָʹŶԣ˲ҪҵĶ󡣡
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ϯһҵᣬжĺܶ̽ۼһͦõĻᣬҲ׳ʲô⡣
Ļϳһ̽罻ָŻ˵
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۾һɨᣬʱͿ˾˾֣ԭ˾ҲѾյ뺯ҵȥһˣúõػһ
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Ь߽˿үү˵עⰽˣΪǵ̸ڣǣ̫㣬һʱҲôöǣǿ϶ģǾԲдˡ
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ÿĹӶаλһӳֿϣʮλӶЩӶԲʷǰصλöһѵѪذףһֻǿȭͷֻذףǾı־
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ЩӶһһ˽ȥ󷽵ϰŸС˽ղǿҳ
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Ժ鷳ҲҾ˾ˣܣԺлһܰ
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ʱҲȥ˵һҲǰ׼õĸһͨУͻҵȥ˵ĶһЩʹĻĽᣬǴ˽˽ſʼģǰĲӰˡ
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΢΢˵ͷҲûȥֻôһʶѣϾΰҲϰˣȻǱȽ϶ģΪæµȱϯһЩˡ
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һЦҲע⵽˰΢΢һ֮󣬲Ѱ˳ܵǾĴɶҲϰ壬

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סֵһ˲䣬жʱһ㣬вɫһǰסֵһ˲䣬ڰڸоһʮϤϢ
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΢΢һЦǵĹӶѡα׼ǳϸѵҲǳļ࣬ȻʵҪԶͨĹӶҲΪ˾ûǵγ̶ȣһʼǾǳ缶ı׼ȥġ

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ڼƳ̳оһĵͼ¼źŷ͵λãʾźѾжˣȻΰֻѾƻˣֱӵźŵʧ
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ͳֻϵ˶öṩĿǰڷλǵͼʮӵʱ䣬ֻϾͳһ˶Ļ档
һ谵СϣǰһųƵļƳ̳ڿٵʻž׵λãһɫȫϨƵ£ôԶԶĵ˼Ƴ̳ĺ棬ûһ⡣
ΪʱСϾֻһƳ̳ڿţŹŵƾͻķǳԣٵİµϳϨеĵƹ⣬ôڵϹĸǰļƳ̳
ǲȻĨҲܸλʦٶȡ
΢΢һ̣ͻȻֱӣʦͣһ¡


877 ͷ
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Ƴ̳ʦʱһ㶣ǰһ·ͣعͷɻ˵Ŀĵػһ·أ
ʦͷ˲䣬һָʦ֮ϣʦʱĿżʻᵹȻһָ˹ȥ
ȥĿĵ֮ǰȽβ͡
΢΢һ̣򿪳˼Ƴ̳
³ߵ·ߵʱ򣬺󷽵µҲ³ˣµϲûֱͣӴԱ߿˹ȥװ·ӣϧôɵľ뿪
²һתѾֱӵ˰µϵĳԱߣ漴һҲײ˰µϵĲ棬һƴɽʱµϳײĲֱӷ·ߵеϡ
¡һ촫µĽųĵеϣֻڷתţϧѾûˣ⸱״ֻ̬޿ο˵̱
أأ
촫µϳȳű˴߷ɣźװ˴ӳ˳ܰµϳ෭ˣûʲôˣһվĳ˹ȥ
ӣ˭ǹģ
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һˣȻ֪˭ˡ
ȵǸûκεı飬һΣ̶һǹֱָԴ˵
ǹָˣȻǲ˵Ǿͻʽˡ
źڶǹۣεҡҡͷһ˲ʧԭأٳֵʱѾǹǰǹǸˣһûаǹҲеˡ
˵˭ģ
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Ƕģ̽һ̽ĵϸ
װֱ̾ˣ׷˵
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ȻǰСĽ̾̽ҵĵϸˣҪʧˣҵĵϸɲôô̽ġ
һЦǰͲµӦǰˣһ¹Ȼ֤ʵĲ²⡣
еһװ̾ĵ˵ϣߵ˵ߣָ˵Բһ£֮̽Բ񾭴ݻˣҲǰ׳һǲκεĶˡ
װൽ˷İµϳϣص˼Ƴ̳ʦŵ˸ʻԿųȥΰȶŵĵط
ĿĵظԶĵطƳ̳ͣ·ߣִӿڴͳųƱʦĿڴŷ˳뿪ˡ
һƬҵϵʱѾһ˶ûУһЩϵƻ⣬ĵطһƬڣżһ֮⣬
һ۵ͼźʧĵطһû˺ڰ֮УϢĳԶһڽĴ¥˹ȥ
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ⶰ¥¥µ⣬ֻжʮ¥ĸ߶һ͸ĵطһƬڣȻλȷȻֱ˶ʮ¥
¥ʱļ׵ݣʱõݣֱڹĸ߶ԷԼˣûдزĽּ
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ıδ󺺣˵ԸΰһˣһΰΪΰ˵УȻǱ˵ģ㻹ֵûУһһӣȻǱĲᡣ
ӣͨＯʵ̫ˣΪϸʲôƾ˾ܷɻڴˣҪڱ㣬ͱŪˣ֪
һŤŤӣ˼ǲǰһΰұǼȭΰĶϣΰɫǵͨ죬һҪ²ӣȻ֮
㻹˵ӵɳǲģһʱɱɳˬˡ
һҲȥΰ˼ơ
ôӣǵҪûУֻҪվ˾ĹƱͷһĻǼ̫ˡ
һЦΰͷΰ͵˵
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ΰ촽΢΢ţ϶³֣ȻСȴ͵Ƥ쳣ᶨĿ⣬ʹͷӣҲȻûͬЩ˵Ҫվ˾ĹƱ
й˾Ȼչܿ죬һƱʲôʧҲǼģھ˾ΰİڹȻǻķˮ𣬵һ¬Ծ˾˵ҲһС鷳
ΰ֪˾ϰ˾ĹƱգҲʲô⣬Щ鷳ˣǲԸ⣬ΪȹԴˣԸȥ
ӴǣӻͦӲģһʱǺãͨ˿򣬿ǵݵˣȰұߵצӸô
һŭЦһߵİһѩᲴĵӡΰӡ
Ѿ͵ĿҪС۾͸һ˿־ĹâΰûκεģҲ£ЩĻ֣ڴǴǵǰ֪εѡЩԸ˾ûаĿܡ
ɣЩɵϣɱңҲԲܰǶԸܿ죬ܿǾ֪ʲôˣǣͬǱϰ壬һµģ
ᲴһµΰϣžžΰǵûģͻȻǺЦҪ۾̧ͷ󺺶϶˵
Ӵ治ˣ˲ģ
ᲴĴ󺺣৵ľеᲴΰұ۾Ϳȥ

䣬һĲҽʱ쳹أڿտĹصļʱôҹĹԵøӵĿ¡
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ϵİضϱ۲ΰұۣΪضϱ۵лһᲴȻǸղǸ׼ΰĴ󺺵ֱۡ
ʱ󺺽ұ۶ϵ˿ڣڵϷشţеĲҺԶ
ڸղŵһ˲䣬ᲴҪ䵽ΰұϵʱһε˲ԶֱӴ˴󺺵ұ֮ϣһ֮󣬴󺺵ұ۶ʱӦ䣬û˿ĳ͡
ͻı˲Ͼղŵʵ̫ˡ


878 ΰ
ͻȻԤ׵ĸ첲ѵһ˿ǼŵģǸղۼһĻķŵһ̴֮һߵİγ΢壬ŵɨܵ
վλһյ谵ĵ⣬ĵطһƬڣǵ߿ȥʮĵطѾȫˣ˵ǱŨŨĺڰΧˣŹΰʱЩضǲ
ͬˣǵĵ˳ˣܱߵĻȻǶԵзΧʲôеĽȻǿġ
˭˭
һе΢壬ܿһȦ֮ûзʲô쳣ͻȻʵĴһͿ۶еİʱе΢˳
գա
һӵΧǽһҳʯĽӵǽϵ
ס֣Ҫ˷ӵ
ɨһȦ֮ԱߵһͻȻѹͬеǹȻɫʮֵĽţѾԷҲǹڰϽѵƹˣ
ֱͬ۵ͻȻѣ˰֮˺ĽͣǾԶǹ󺺵ֱۣΪʲôûǹȻǼװǲûǹ
һһ⻰ʱ˹ϽǽߵĵƹˣΧʱһƬڣ˫ͬڰ֮Уֻƾһ΢ĹֱΧĶ
ʱ˿̣¥ʮֵļž˵ϱ۵Ĵʹ⣬ǰҲ
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ʱһʹĵЦͻȻ˳ԭпǽǵΰģ֪ʲôʱѾǽѵ֪˾ǸʲôǵĹӶǾħһѵˣ׼𣿡
죡ķ˵Ųһǹ㣿
󺺴ʱڸ߶ȼעҲŵʱΰĻʱŭѹתͷҧгݵ˵
ǻҪΰǵļƻͽΰɱˣĥڣΪڼƻУΰǱزٵˣҲôġ
ΰ˵ˣֻǽǲϵĵٺЦţڰԵøӵĿɲ
ϱ۴ʹΰЩ©˻˻ЦΧһƬĺڰʱŵȾ˼㡣
ΰҲûϢǷ˸ղǸֱͻȻϿһĻȻΪĹӶˣЩӶ˵ԶѻһֱȻʲô¡
ΪˣΰҲûˣֻΪԮˣ΢˿ܹĻҲò׹˾棬ԼǴһҪܵʱôþôȥˡ
ûгĴ㣬Ϊ֪ı˭ΪбܵӰ죬ǾԲᵹգһ֪ڱ󶯵ֽţôͨＯţϼҲӲȥ
ټо֮ǵֵأΰǴҲԸЩݺ˾Ȼ֪Է˭Ҳ֪ԷʲôĿģԸǲУҲͬ⡣
Ҫȥμ̽罻̸ģֿʶڶϰĴ棬Ҳģ뵽뿪˾ãͱڰ·ٳˣͱĹϣ˵һٶ
ЩȻǳĥ˵Ĵ֣֮ʹȴֲĵطһٺôƽʱŹ˵ΰʵʵڵĳ˿ͷôһ˲ӦЩ˵ҪֻҪǱٴˡ
ĹͷռϷ磬һᣬĵֻ˸ŸΪʱ̫ûа취ŷһֻ95ֵĶţʱڱϣĻ˵ôŵһ߲ˡ
ΰпǽǲϵĴϢ֮ʱһӰͻȻϢĳߣȻ֪ͻȻĳߣһһᣬʱǣϵ˴ɵʹƺһ
ھעΧǵУΰһûавӣȻĹעעȫڲ֪ʲôĵϡ
һֱַסΰһͽΰǽһůϴ˹ԴԴϵӿΰڣ˲ѹϵʹ࣬һůĸоʱΰȫ
ָ磡
һ˲䣬ΰ֪˭һ˾Ƶģůĸо֪书
ʱû뵽Ȼˣһ뵽ΰۿʪָҲˣһ̣ͻȻǰܵʹ඼ʲôˣһжֵõģΪԵˡ
Ҫ˵úõţȥˡ
ΰļ󻺻վ
ʱҲ֪ˣʱعе΢һָһŲ˼ǽߣһ˵ƵĿϣ߶ʱ³ƬСĿռ䡣
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һ󺺿Щŵؽеղ˵Ƕ֪ȻѾҪǶԷҪɱǣղžͿˣֻԷȥǽǵΰûжǶ֡
ղŶֵĻѾûתĻᣬ뵽˶ԷǴӾ˾ĹӶ󺺶ʱһֻǴֶѣȻҲʮֵǿ׳Ǻ͹Ӷרս˱ǲԶˡ
һᣬ˵ָʾ˭Ǿͻܻ뿪³ң
ƽվָָʹĴ˵
ǾĹӶɣٺ٣ǱϰɲССľ˾ܹԸģʵǿҲûãȵĸֳˣҲԼֲ˶ã
󺺾е΢壬ֱ΢΢ڻʮֺµģɻǿװһµӡ
Ŷô
ĵ˵ͷǰ߻ŵʱǱѾһͬӰ󺺵м䣬ֱһֱӶе΢壬ŷֱ󺺵ϥؽڣͨһȥ׵סһ΢塣
ҵĲôã˵ҾͿǹˡ
ƽӵĺһ㣬һ亹һɺֱӴܵβ׵ǻһƤ񣬲ľһ¡
𣡱ɱңʲô˵
һͻȻˣҪʱ򣬿ɲÿһ˶ܿסֿµѹ
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Ȼʵ
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879 ۸
ǰҵˣ
ʱ̫ˣû뵽ٳΰ˾Ȼǰҵˡ
ԣǰҵˣɸģȻɸû˵֪ɸǸŰһģҲǰҵСܣֻƽʱɸǶʲôֻˡ
æĽ͵˵ٻֱӾһǹǡ
ɸ磿ɸ
ʵղžڻСһôܽӴҵˣԭǰ˿ƵСܣϰϰ塣
ɸƽʱסСǶȥġ
һһˣҲûʲôˣæһ𽻴˳
ѾõҪϢһӣǹֱ󺺵ĺϣʱһ˹ȥߵʹĴ󺺱ϣһŽ߻˹ȥ
ͳֻ˸绰ɼ˹ߵΰߡ
ôôСģȻץˣ
΢΢һЦ
ղںڰѾΰĻ˶УҪ˵жǼٵģϾΰҲǾסĿУʼնûҪѾ˼һ㻹ǳοġ
ΰǰǸżаŮС죬Ȼӻͷ𲻻⻰˵ľΰˡ
ʱ˳˳ˮˣ뵽ȻȻ˰ңλȥҲø뼸λӶˣȻŶġ
ΰٺһЦõϵʹѾļˣƣЩִĶˣ˼ûУҲһķ⣬ȻĺۣǺûˡ
͸߰żˣôҲһϰ塣
ҡͷһЦҺҺһȥ̽罻ᣬȻ95Ϣͱˣû㷢ʲô˼
ʲô
ΰʱһεҡҡͷĴɲ㺦ˣ
СڻĲͨＯŵܲˣʲôʱļţ
Цʵ
㲻ѧУʱѰ˼ѧУҲѧʲôӵеĶüĹϵúõĸһҵͳͨＯţһʼкܶ鷳ľҲ硣
ΰٺһЦң˵ҪҵͨＯźǸʱҲ棬ŵҵӪԽԽã˾ǱߵĽгҲԽԽȶΪһ˳ʱˣ֪ͳôһ顣
˳˳ˮʱǱڰԺɱ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷʵҵΪʲôҪץ㣿ĪǾΪ˶Ը˾
ܰɣҵͨＯȻֵҲǾԲᱻҷǾ˾ֵ׵СЩӶʵǿ㲻ڵʱ䣬ѾѾ˾ˣڶܶ˶֪˾˾
ΰͷ˵ҹưǿ˾˾µЩӶҪ˾ΪУղЩ˾վ˾ĹƱҹһƱգͻ˴ģչѹ˾
ߣҵǴḷ́۹ҲϧҴ˶֣
һԺ˰ϵǵӡǣжʱһĨ⡣
ҿɲ򵥣ָ磬ǵʵڶܵУܶ鶼ǰڰ߻ģˮ̫ڶûǵĵף˵;ǱߵĹϵҲҲ˵ģ֪١
һƺжԸҵ˼ΰæ˵Ȼ֪ʵҲǰͬɲ⣬ҪսĻƱһ
İɣҿɲɵֱɱҵĴſڣȻ˼ҶѾˣҲԴУǱȻ顣
΢΢һЦΰļʾ԰꣬ߵ㲻ˣһᰲȥúõĻһңƽʱôڻôҪ˿
ðɣһǻȥҵĽڣʲôõϵطֻܴһкϵɽ»𺣣ҾԲһüͷ
ΰһ£Ц
㻹ȼʰɣȻϵɽ˻𺣹ƾˡ
ȤһЦ
ʱ¥´ߵ¥һǾĹӶǵˡ
ڹӶĻ£ΰ˻ȥϵͺ˴룬ʣµһЩƤˣȥҩöþͻˣòŵʲô
Ҳ˹Ӷȥúõ׷һɸ䣬ʱռ鱨ڽˣЩרҵĹӶǺŵģϾǾѵˣʵ൱бϡ
ص˼ֿ֮ʼ˹ڰҵĴϣԴӽ˰зӡ֮ҵļɵ͸ˣζŰҵıһλﵽͨĸ֡
ͨǲǰҵˣϳ氽·ڰϵϢôпܰˡ
ЩռУûһᵽǻ书ģǱﻹǶռ϶ûȻһ鱣ķǳλ
Ȼܽ书ô˵Ҳǻ书ģֻû˷ֶѣǸ
ʱֻԶԶļ˰ѣǸʱʵҲԶԶᲢۣҲзӡڸϢô޷ְ书һ顣
뵽üͷʱҵѾĿǰԭ򻹲ǺʣһȷϵľǾ˾϶Ѿ˰ҵߣڰ׼ҪӶ˾ľڶˡ
ڻȷıǲǷ˾˾֮ǰϵϾǰҲȥҹǸʱû̫СĽҪǰĵĻ˵Ҳᷢʲôߡ
ϸ˼һų룬㰽ҷ;˾֮ǰϵҲǰԳϾֻһͨ˶ѣһ֮۷֣ǰҵĶҡ
ּҵݣƽʱ͸¶ݣðõĶԼһһôȻŸεԭ
뵽жʱһ˿⡣
һߵϣپƵ꣬̽罻ʱѾˣиҵҵҲԼ˾Ľ뿪˻᳡ȻҲයֻߵʱ˸кЩ֡
һɫ˹˹ͣſڣ˾˳ţ˳֮˹˹ܿ뿪˾Ƶſڡ
ôǱûʲôϢ
ڰĳͻȻʵ
ʧˣɹȥѾ˴˰׳գҲûʲôãѾҴˡ
һͳͻȻڳ


880 ͨ
˹˹ڰĳѾһˣǺϳһֱںڰУֻаŴһ㴰͸Ĺߣܿһ
˰׳գ
ڴϣ·ߵĵ޺ӰϿٵɫʱԵЩ졣
ǵѾ˴ݻˣѾˣ֮˺ܸ书Ӧò͡
Ǹڰе˵һ·С·ûͷãʲô˶֣ʱ֪
ƵıҲ򵥣Ūֹ˾еʵģôһĻ˾չ鰽Ҿ͸ˣҿɲҪʲôĳ
ǹһ˿΢Цһ˿âӳ׵ĴӴʧˡ
һƬžֻʣ˹˹ڿʻ΢ԼСʱ֮󣬳һĵңӳ˳һ˵ȴδֻаһڵ
ߵ˵ҵĵݴûаȥİťһָʶϰһָݾʹˣȥֱ֮Ӱµİťһʧ˵ҡ
ԭⶰĵ±ж죬ݵŴ򿪺ǰһƬǧƽĿռ䣬Ƭռڲõĳۼһ㶼ȵϵı԰ɽһӦȫҪʲôʲô
ôˣ
ڰ߽ȥʱһͻȻӼɽ洫˹
̸̸Ǹ顣
߱˵ƹ˼ɽ֮ǰʱһͤһλͷ׵߾棬ڱĿϢɫɽǵ΢΢һ¡
ǰλ߲Ǳˣھｻְߵļд
ôѾϢˣ
д۶ûʵ
ûʲôֵ̫ϢǰȥҴ̽Ϣʱ򣬲һͱˡ
ҡҡͷߵͤ
ȥҴ̽
⻰дʱ۾
Ҫۿһ֪˾ôȻǶ񣬵ǸëͷСӣһЩŵġ
ҡҡͷ侹ȻԼдûʲô˼
Ҫ֪дħ̵ĳϣʵѾﵽ쾳ʹͬһҲŵϺŵǿߣϾֻǸ֮۷֣ߵʵܴе㲻ͬѰ
ôڿ֮󣬾Σ
дһٶȻı۾
ʵǻԣȻԷҵĴڣͦеģҪ֪ܲҵĴڿһ׵顣
΢΢˵ͷ˼˵
ҪСܴǰߴӦʲô飬ֻҪ׷ߵĻᶼûУϢصĺãʵǿҺ֣ಫӮҲᳬĳɡ
д˵
ôǲŶʮͷͣͲӵʵɣ
ЩɻĿżд˵
Ҫƭ𣿶ԼҲС书׿ǧȷ飬㲻Ҫ֪ôģֻҪ֪ʵôǿˣҪԸôɳȥܿǾѹƲסˡ
һд˵Ҳк಼֣ܶʹڶǵĺܶƻ¶Ӱ죬Ǹʱ¾Щˡ
ܼ򵥣ҪԸȶԸߵЩŮ˾ͿˣЩŮ˵ʵɲǿץ֮вҲáҲգֶοá
ΪȻ˵Ůڶ˶ǺܺöԸģеЩʥôô
еȷйһЩ֣Ϊ巽Ͷ̫˼յ³ǺܺãЩ˵书Ȼ̫࣬վǷʤǵ˵˵ı֮¡
ԸߵŮˣ취Ҳǲǲ֪ǸʲôˣҪЩŮ˵ǿɾǰ׷ѹˡ
д˵ͷ۾
вУԾ֪ˣ鱨ͻᵽˣ߾ЩŮǵʱһԱ֪
һЦһ˿ζɫ
Щ˵Ů˲ѣͶʲô飬˱Ҫʱ̣ǻԥŮˣΪŮʲôЭ顣
ˣǰûʲôϢ
Ļһ䣬һ֮дʵ
ǱߣʱûʲôϢŵľǶûгʱҲģߵļƻֻҪͰʵʩˣЩ֮սҪĵġ
ҡҡͷ˵
ǽҴϾҪЩ˶ϵģʲôϢĻҲǰһЩš
д̾˿Щ֮սȻֲʵģν쾳֣ЩѾ̤ͨĸǰֱǲһ
ħ̵ĽѾ̤ͨľ磬һ书ѴĪĵزϴλؽаµʱ򣬼д˵һλΪ²ѾˣĻᶼûУ˲ͱˡ
Ȼ֪ﵽͨĸ־мλּĸ϶ʮϡٵģΪԷһħ̽ϵ˼λͬĸ֣ҽˣоаҵľ֡
Ȼûҵλ֣д˵һ㴫ŵģλаľѾ̤ͨʮ꣬Ϊһ͵԰Ĵںܶ˶֪飬Ҳ֪ħ֪̽ġ
Ѿ˺򣬰Ҳڰ֮ºħ̵˽˺ҲǼдڰҵԭ֮һ
ǧһս֮󣬲ûпȥԼ٣һ˿֪ܲĵϸ񰽼ĴҪһϢǺɵģⲻֱӾȥ
ҾϵʵѾǳǿ󣬵ĵƻǰͨĸ֣ܷ֮չô죬ͰڰеİǷֲģ򰽼ôҲڶ̶̵ļʮ׳ز
⼸ʮǰ׵ͨļʮ꣬ǿʵͲϽӴĹϵ磬콫ѾһͰɽﰵʵ̸ڣͳһ޴湲ͬ塣
ħ̺֮սʵν´ƺϾñط֡־ñغϣħ̺֮ԶҲи˽ᣬ˵ĵطннĵطзɱֻҪѡһˡ
һεħ֮սѡľħһиûʲôа֣֮еֻǿѣֻҪ㹻ﶼԻ÷ˮ𣬷֮û㹻ʹҲǻ첻ʲôģ
ͷҸʱϵһǱߣûʲôƻ䶯
˿ʱ䣬վ˵


881 ּ
뿪˵¿ռ֮󣬼д΢΢˫ֻ˿
֪ߵغǸɲСƣǰǳ˸죬ôнλΪǵϢӡǣǰǺ޲֮أȻȥ̽ǲ֪
һ˵һд¶һ˿ЦݣҲãСӵȰֱӷİɣʱðԳȥԸСӣСӻӣ
뵽дͻȻһ˿⣬ƺ뵽ʲôһһڵ¿ռͻȻٺЦҡҡͷֽ˱չص״̬¿ռٶȻָ֮ǰ
úõĲһСߵŮ˵ĵϸѡһöԸһЩȥԸҾͲСĪǻͷۣԼʵǿɲߵʵҲǿҵҪСЩʱ򣬾ѡ񣿡
ص˱ڣֱȥ˷䣬Ҳľô˷ɳϣһƷһ˵̨֮ͻȻһ΢磬һģӰ˲ʧ
Ϲһ˿ζ΢ЦĻ˻αеľҺһЦʱ˷ڡ
ص˼еʱ䣬ÿһЩҩŮãżҲһȥѧУתתѧУǻϲˣʦǱҲкûʲô
һʱûѧУѧУı仯һЩ˾ͽҲͲѧˣһٲ֪ȥǸҪԸǧǧҶܿҲ֪ȥԴϿ֮ҲܿͲѧУˡ
⣬У԰ǺԭһģһУ԰ǵѧǣУ԰ﶼõϣδЩѧ˵漴ҪĴһ㶼֪飬˵һá
ѧУ˼֮ǲȥˣڼúõһԽԽˣҲеҪ书ͻƲУǿĶѾ֣Ѿôȥˡ
Դ췢˰ڵķӡ֮ѾͨĸֳˣЩԭ֮ǰ˸ӴﲻһģʵǿѾ𽥵ĽӴȺˣʱпܺǷ
£ڵ쾳ʵЩˣаղֵͨǺЩֽսɲΪ˱ҪΪռݾԵȨҪսʤǲУҪӵиǿʵС
쾳ͨһؿ˵ͻ쾳֮ÿһ㶼Ƿǳѵģ쾳֮ȣʵѾǳ޴ˣͬ쾳ͨʵҲǲ֮Զ
ͨĸڶԸ쾳ĸ֮ʱʵѹĵλֲó֮Ĺ̥⣬쾳ֵּܴͨӳ죬ʵϵľԲࡣ
ΪԭʵԶһ쾳ߣʹͬһܺԵеҲдЩˡ
д֮ҪߣΪʶʵǿټȥĻǱذɣһܵشǸʱ붼ѣŵϵ˾ۡ
ڹǰ쾳ʵѾ㹻δˣֵͨĳζ뾡ʵУһЩֻ֣ӵԱǸ̸ϵġ
һɹĽͨʵһ֮ķҪԶԶĳ֮쾳Ϊ֮ͨ󣬾ζѾԶ÷ˡ
ֻһЩСͷΪԭЩҲȫķӳȵϵЩǶԣӵ߾Եơ
Ϊߣһ۷Ķɽٺߣӵ飬Ժĵ伮͹ڽ֮ͨ󽫻᳹׵ķӳǸʱʵͲЩ˿ˡ
ΪˣеҪͨиİȥһЩΣյ飬ڸɽֵǸصľ󷨣᲻ʱʵ龧ձЩĳЩҪ֮ͨаȥԡ
û㹻ʵ֮ǰǾԲȥЩо޴ǱΣյĶѾֵ֤һ㣬ǾʵʱǧҪȥðգѾΪ˸ԶʧȥĴۡ
ʱһֱڼָŮ⣬żҲȥָһ²ߵŮҪ໨һʱ⣬Ҧ˺ʫ϶ôҪָ㣬ΪǶ˵߶쾳š
Ҫ˵ŮоֻƵȽϻΪߣҲûпָĸ˴ڣ־ǳļᶨǿʹһҲڼֲи
ÿÿ뵽ƣߵļŮҡͷ̾ϢһƱҶϦŬ⣬Ůûкܴ飬ƱʣҪƱҶϦţ˵ͷˡ
˵ҪҲĲǺܸߣϾÿһ˶Ҫкִܴȷһǳ飬һ˼ֿܵ
ҹһںڰĿĬĬţΧϡΪһԼɼ΢͹㣬ϵĴ˷Ŀۼ͸Ƥ֮С
Ȼȴһ㶼ƣűҪɵ飬һжֻΪǸĿʵִ֣֧ŶӰǳһ˹ڻҰǱѩصĵطҲν
˽ָİۼٶԵĿ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ֮÷ܶ࣬Ϊָİص⣬ʹٶԶ֮ˡ
Դ˱ڤ֮ٶȸĿ£ľóϣֻҪһֱϵɣڤֿ԰书ֱٺʲˡ
书ҪʱһԷڲ輸ϵֻͻȻ
ûֻ𶯣书ֻһֱûͣ£ϵһֱţ΢
һͻȻӺڰĿԭ˫ۣùһԲ輸ϵֻʾ֪ͨǶ
ʲô£
֪Ը񣬴ҹûʲôĻǿ϶ģͣĴ绰϶ʲô⡣
үүǱ߳ˣѾдľϹȥ
绰һͨ̿ٵ˵


882 
˵绰ȥ˵³⣬ͺվ뿪˼ңүӵסٵĸ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬱ΧѾΧ߶ѾͺմԶ˹̾оǰʾܼͣ顣
ּҵˣʲô飿
ͣ˳̴ӳ˳
ʾ֤
һ
ٵͳ֤òαװһݾּҵˣô鶼ˡ
ղ˱淢ǹսĿǰͳУѾȷʮһˣƺǿд룬ҪʲôѾȫһ顣
һ֤Я΢͵Լһּ֤֪֪֮Ƿеʲôˣǰʲôң
Բҳ棬鲻ôʣҪȥȷһ¼˵
ҡҡͷʲôҲûлش˾ߣֱӽүӵı
ʱѾһƬǽ壬ĴƬͰ߲ǽ壬Ȼмҵǹսϡǽ洦ɼɽѪѾкܶʬ屻˰ײȴŷҽԱļ
ȥ֮ǲʱĴѾˣֻа߻һѾ֪ȥϹܼڲϣһλҽԱžƾڲͷϵ˿ڣ˳
үôˣ
˿ڻϹܼң̧ͷʱ򣬶ʱȵʵ
ҽӵ֪ͨ̾͸˹ʲô飿үүأ
һֻʣȵĵӣϹܼҵĶʵ
Ҳ̫ҺүϢˣͻȻ洫˼ҵǹսҾȥүķ䣬ү˵ң˺ܾãұ˾֮Ⱦ˲ͣүΪܾѾ커ȥҽԺǱ߼״
Ϲܼ̾˿εҡҡͷ֪ʲôҾͿӰͲӰЩƺûʲôȤǽʱ͵ʲô
ʲô
ʵ
ѽҲ֪ڷʲôѵүղصЩŶֻ
ҡҡͷϹܼҿ˵۾ȴǲգգһΧҽԱ;졣
Ϲܼʹɫ̾˹ԷĿĸЩŶֻȶͼ
뵽ֵּĶ˲뵽үӴǿصʯʯ⣬ƺҲûбĶֵñȥˣŶֻЩּҲûղЩϡ䱦
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⴦ϵĵطǳĹ⻬ͷ·ʲô֮Ķиһ㣬֪õгģ˷ޱȵϢһõֲϢ
ηֶѵĵطʼһ·ϵ·;УۿʼĶƺ˾ǵ˷λõʱүӼıˣͷ˼ҵս
ʲôˣ
üͷ壬ϸļһ飬ǽĸֺۼƶֻһˣõǳûù˵ۼ˵׾ǵˡ
¥ּ֮˼߱ʬ壬ЩǱһйˣɱûùڶڱؼĵطȻĻɱЩܹרҵѵı˵书֮߿֪
һ֮˶ԸǹеʱҪ֮ΪǹеǺܴģʹҲ˵ƾӲӵִþܹѵͨҲԷӳǿƻ
үӱİ԰ģıҲǾѵˣʵܲټһ˸ǵĶ֣Щȴȫ
еıһûκ˿Ա⣬ЩŶսıнȫһ˵ʵѾô򵥵ˣĹƣҪ֮
Ȼʵǿ֮󣬽Ӵ֮˻ߣʵǿҲ֮ΪʵĲͬµ󣬶ͨ˵Ҫ˵֮ˣһ߶Լ
ּҾȻͻȻôǿߣúܲ˼飬ʯ⣬ּҲûʲôֵñĶҪ˵ʯĻǾͿ϶֪ʯ˲Żֱ
ʲôˣ֪ʯּң
һ֮ߵ˱⣬һȦĴҫľƣͺ뿪ˣֱȥүӼҽԺ
еһҽԺүѾ͵ػүӵͲǺܺãܱһΪĲ֢Щ˾֪ô
ҽԺ˸ʿһʣ֪үӵĲֱȥ¥ػ
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ðɣ̫ˣʲǺȶղ˺ܴĴ̼ҪϢ
ʿһֿۣ˿ֱӣӹ㡣
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лүӵߣүӵʱһѾԴԴϵעүӵڡ
뿪һ˲Ѿ仯Ϊ˳ԳҩڻָźܴĺôԴŷ޴Ȫϵõ˳֮ҲרָƵˡ
õĳүӺܿ΢΢۾һ˲䣬жʱһ˿οЦݡ
ˡ
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үӣˣҪ£һҡ
үӵ֣΢΢һЦ˵
ּҵĽЩվ˹һҪСģǲǺǵģЩһﶼǷӣҴǼ䶫ص˶֮ô궼ҽּҷչ̫󣬾з磬û뵽ǻˡ
̾˿үҡҡͷ
ʲôˣ
һʵ֪үӿ϶֪ʲô飬Բֱӹүˡ
ձһ壬ǧ
ֱ㶵Ŀ컨壬үӻ˵


883 
ǧ壿ǿʯͷôǧ島Ϲϵ
֣ԺǧҶܿӰŮ˾ǧ嵱ĴС㣬ҲǰʱĶϮˣû뵽һʯȻǧˣ⵹Щɻˡ
˵ʯձֵģʱǻ֪ĹЧҲȡ˸ɽʯͷ˻Ǻܿǧͷ˲ԾĵطͿʼ׷ʯͷ䣬û뵽ô꣬ˡ
ү̾˿ҡҡͷ
֪ʯͷʲô
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ҹҲǺֻ֪һЩЧɣʯͷ棬ȻҲʲôҿԸоʯͷֻǼ򵥵ĻųһЩ׵ѡ
үӿ֣ص˵ʯͷһҪСģǧҪ֪ʯͷУܴ鷳ǧձǳǿȻڻʲôˣҪ鷳׾ٵģҪСģ
İɣүӣûģ˼Ҫ壬һרŵ˹㣬ԭĵطͲҪסˣһطסɡ
үӵ֣΢΢һЦݹһĵ
Ҳá
Ŀһۣүӻĵ˵ͷӣܾһڸϣôŬҪƣʼնʣʵȷĿãּκһ˶ҪɫĶ࣬ŻѶܡ
үһ֮󣬻ʿܿ͹ʱ䵽ˣ֮ǰҽԺүӣִ˸绰֪ͨǲĹӶҽԺүӵİȫ
ЩרѵĹӶǣڳǹе£ɱǷǳ˵ģľѵĿľĶԸЩָѾ·֮ˣΪ˶ԸͨʿŻʢӶΪʼĿĲһ
뿪ҽԺ֮ûлؼңֱȥ۵פأҵڵĶ
һפصĵ¼ңͿǰĴĻٲһˢ£Ƕ׷ٵʱĵ֪ʱæҲûдţһ߱ĿϢȺ
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ָͼƬʵ
ͷޣͼƬѾҴˣ̶ֳֻܿȣʹͼƬҲԷһЩ鱨
ҡҡͷһͼƬͼƬڵǵģӰ̱ȡ˳ά彨ģģĻʶʱһ̳ӰŵߡصݣЩӰŮԵĿܷǳ򣬸ߴٷ֮ʮϡ
Ůˣ
üͷһ壬ǵģĺӰ˼һ֮ͻȻһâԱһǧҶܿݣӰΡ
ǧҶܿõġ
˵ͷĻ̳ǧҶܿƬǧҶܿݾͱȡ˳ǵάģĺӰ˶ԱȣݶԱȵĽܿͳˣϵͳĶԱȣͬıʸߴٷ֮ʮ塣
˳ϣǧҶܿԶˡ
ĵ˵ͷһ⣬ǧҶܿѾѧˣм׷𣿡
һֱڳĸǧҶܿסڸʱǶǸǧ乤֯Ҳסһ𣬲ƺôˣһֱڱ
һָĻ̳ǧҶܿסıʱ˿̣һƬڣ⡣
֪ͨһ飬飬̰ΧǴҲϣǶܵκһҽΧס
һָ뿪פأͺֱӳǶλø˹ȥ
뿪֮פڶʱæµһʮԱ̴װӵʱѾ׼ˣų뿪פء
ʱ˿̣ǧҶܿסıڣ¥һ䣬Ӱ̨ϡ
Сεжçײһ㣬ӦȥãСҲͲˡ
¹£֯һҽҩ䣬ڸӵǧҶܿĲ۰źĸ첲
ǵƤ˶ѣҪЩĻ̫ˣʵҲԤڵĸ߳һЩĻҲһӵ˸첲
ǧҶܿϹһ˿΢ЦСͲںСΪѵܵһβУһŵ˽죬ҪΪǧ峤ЩǱ뾭ĥºͿѡ
СԹȥʲôջ񣿡
֯εҡҡͷǧҶܿƢ˽⣬һ飬ǸȰģֻ˳ǧҶܿ˼ʵ
ʲôҲûУǸͷѾʹˣķǿ϶֪Щʲô֧֧Ĳϳڣֳ˼ǿĵֿԣʩȥͷпܻմɾ͹һˣԾ뿪ˣ´Ѱұͻƿڰɡ
ǧҶܿҡҡͷ
ҵǾãּһ᲻ѾǼתˣĵõǼּҿ϶СӣҲΪһԺյĴ壬ⶼʮȥˣʱҲѾ㹻Ƿչˡ
֯Щɻʵ
ҺǸͷӴĹǸͷܲ򵥣ǸǸˣǼͱתˣҲּҵ˲գ԰вȵаյʱ򣬻ּһаյʱǾͻὫóʹá
ǧҶܿ΢΢ҡҡͷȻô˵ıҲܲȷȻ׼үӾδʯ
ҪֱӵõǼͺˣҲн鷳ˣֻһʱ⣬û뵽ھȻҪô鷳
̾˿֯ǧҶܿӣҽҩ䡣
ҲֵЩˣκأһ˸ʲô쳣ҲֻǵһЩʯͷȴǸûôࡣ
תͷźԶǧҶܿ΢΢һЦϵشǧҵõ̾ͻΪϵĵһ壬ʵӵͷΣ


884 ˺
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С㣬һĳƺžôҪ𣿡
վ֯ĵʵ
λǧļ̳ˣ׳ǲĥʹÿһǧ˶ȥɵΪһ峤ôܽе˵ͷأ
ǧҶܿͷҲص˵ΰĴ٣ҵɣ
С㡭
֯˵ʲôһͻȻû
룬Ŀʵֲˣ
֯ճڵʱһ˵ƾð˳ǧҶܿ֯ͬʱһ̨̽ص˷ڣǲûпƣôĿ̨档
Ǵ̨洫ģȷŲûҲԤϵһһ̣һӰʹ̨·˲̨ϡ
㣿
ӰǧҶܿʱһ
ǧĴСݹ٣ĳϲ֪ǧҶܿСͻϮүӵıʲô˼
һݵǧҶܿʮ־ţȴޱ飬ôʮƽվ˶ԴϸܵһɻɽΣƣһؽʯ쾪һ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôҹһŮӾסĵطǲԵĲ̫ò
ǧҶܿ˿δ䣬˵
ǧĴС㣬ƤϵĹѾˣΪһδǧ峤ĵͦģϧҿ峤֮λûлȥ̳ˡ
ǧҶܿʸڷϣҲûо⣬ҪǧҶܿһˣܲŻЩ档
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ǴձԶܵ˻ǱôãڴҹʱͻϮүӵıΪǼҵûûҵɣ
ȻһЦ˿ڴٶͳʱѾһʯͷʯͷСͺƬһ㶼ע⡣
ǧҶܿĵǿСʯͷƬʱȴȻһ䣬ʶԼı仯̾͵˻
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һգֽ˿ڴУʵǷŻ˽ָУֻǽڴջؽָĶڸ˶ѡ
Ѿ֪ˣȻҲʹ촰˵ˣֻҪܽǣǧԴӦһֻҪ̫׵ҪҿԴǧȫȨӦ㡣
˿ôãҪҵĶͽǰǧҶܿĿ򶨵ĺнס
Ҫ͵Ϯһ֪ʵǿ˵ھѾֱ֯ӴǿˣΪ˷ֹʧܣֻðеļԺ˵
ҹϮүӵıɱôˣ㲻ΪԽҹȥ˰ɣ
ǹһ˿Цݡ
ЩֻƸıѣʧǿ⣬үүҲû˺㲻ʲôĳԹɣ
ǧҶܿһЦǰһһԵ֯Ҳǰһעʱ֡
ٺ٣һ仰ȫǧĴС㣬ΪҾͻ㣿ҪĶҲҪ˵ô죿
һЦû˿׵˼
ǧҪϽ׸ңǧ彫ԶΪĺ飬ǼʵҲ˽⣬Ϊ֮Իúܴ෴Ļ㲻Ը⽻ңǧ֪֮ǽ᲻ϧһдۺֶԸ㣬ֱõΪֹ
ǧҶܿҲʾõ£һ赭дĵǧǾԲһ㣬ǧӴʵһв
һ棬ٴһĲϧҡ
ҡҡͷʼչһ˿Ц⣬Ǳˣ˵ͻ㽻ˣϧҵУǡҪעǲܸǵģΪ˷ֹǧԺ鷳ֻðˣҵҪǧ徿жôǿʵĪǻֻĲɣ
ֻģȻ̸ϣҲܵĵǧҪԸһˣܵﶼܶܣ㻹ôļ˺ѣЩ˿ûôǿʵϣ㻹˼С
ǧҶܿɫ˵
֪ΪʲôҺԥľ;ܾǵ𣿡
̤ǰһΪǹҵļˣһ㣬ǡǡƽһ㣡
䣬һɽХĿƴͻȻ䱬˳޴˲ͺ̨شӰһ˲ʹƬĴɽĲһĳɲǼͱŷ˾֮
ƲŸոǱߵƵľ޴Ѿ˶ԷϣܵǿĿµǧҶܿ֯ͬʱɫһ䡣
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֯һȣһ͵ǧҶܿǰڵɲǼͱ˳ƺҪֿʯ쾪һơ
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һƷŮȴںܹ֮µһƣ޴ֱӺķǽϣһ̳֣Կտı
ԭղһƣֱǽϺһ׸ߵӡӡһ˼ǽڣֱӽ˸Դ
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۾͹ԣƷûͳľƷʩչȴԶԶҪͳΪľ书Ҫ߳ͳ̫ˡ
ھ磬˵ֶ书һôֵͨ书ҲǿԷӳ˵Ѿѧûʲô̫ĹϵˣΪǱʵӳ֣һ书УԷӳ޴
һƻ˼ǽ֮һͬʧ˷ڣһͳ˱棬ǧҶܿ֯˵ӰҲղų
ݷͦģһνֵıȽϴæһҿҪúõļʶһ£
ǹһ˿Цݣϵ˲ְθһ㣬˺˵ʵʱǧҶܿ֯ɫ䡣
ôܣϴʵûôǿ󣡡
ǧҶܿʱʧ
оŻʿյĿҵʵɲһֱͣԭء
䣬ӰʧӰ١


885 ֮ļ
ͻȻ˿µʵǧҶܿ֯Եú𾪣ǵʵֻ൱֮ĸֶѣһѾﵽ۷徳쾳֣ǵļҪĳ嶯ˡ
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֯ûκεԥһƿǧҶ֮ܿпٵĽ˼ķӡһɫͻȻԤ׵ĳܣһȦ֮֮Уһɾ˵̴ϱ˳
֮ǿѾȫĳ쾳ĸ֣ѾҪﵽи߼ľ磬һλ֮ĸ֣ͻȻǿƣֱһܵ顣
ʱ֯ͷѾȫ޷ԶƮԭ˫ۣڸǿն۰ףΪˣӰѾʧһȵĿͻȻ仯޴֯
ģ֯ǧҶܿһ˿̣˿ɫ̾ʧˣٶȳϣһʧԭء
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֮ΪıԴһȼռ֮󣬱ȻޱȿµģĸҲǾޱȵģǾһ֮ʩ߼Ǳɡ
ܹ֮Ķ綼һ䣬ʱ䣬Ҳֻ޼ļĹʵԲ֮
֣ǿʵ˷Ǿû˻ȥ֮֮ļž޴۵ģڵ£ֻ֮һǾǳ׵
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벻һǧ壬ȻпԼ֮Сˣ
۾΢΢һУ˵
֮ɲһܹоģҪһӵмΪ̵ĸһ֮޷ܵ˵ȥˡ
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Ұ׵ס֯ɭȻ˵ֹԭ˵ȫһָǽĹιһʮֵĴ̶
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ͻȻһЦǸûļ֮ķţִǳªķţֱǶ֮£ƾʵסңֱǳ룡
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ղŵһն˵ɺϣڶնԤƶ򣬸ղҪƶ֯Ǳ̾ͷ˹ֱӽұߵķǰԤԷжЩ
էһȥЩԤ֪ˣ֪֯ӵܣȼ֮ĸǰֵ֪̽жͼ
˼Ȼ˿Ը֪֮ļȼ֮дȵˣﵽֲ˼ľ硣
΢΢һ̣ԭɽһ˲ʧӰ٣ڣҵҪ㻹ܸܲӦҵж
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ǻһһ˵ĻӦϢҲͨۿλãϾҲƾվͽʧˣϾڻͷŷһЩ򵥵۷޷ʩչ
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žתԴ֯ҡҡͷԴž޴ȱݵļ֮һͲʲôоģҲǸƪȱ̫ˡ
ʩ޷ڱǵܵӰ죬ڻǿĸ֪ͬʱȴɥʧҪӾһϢʮĶ֣ıһϹ
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ʵʵһƺϣ֯̾ͱѪ׷ɶԭƴǿоȻ˲һ
ߵһƣǶʮɵıڤ˱ڤӳ֮ƣҪԶԶĳͳʩչƷֻһƣ֯ͳ׵ʧȥϢ


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׼֮֯һƵ֮ԭ̿ٵĸɱȥһĹһֺݵĸʬԭȵģ
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һ֯Ѿӽ绯ʬ壬߶˼䣬һʧˣտıǰֻһ߿ʮֺ˵ʬ壬ޱĶ
ƺȻòģ۵ĳԱǻ鴦ĺܺãҪľǾܵסЩˣܣΪ֯ȣǧҶܿѾԶˡ
Բʮڶ׵Ѳһ飬Ǳ߶еѰǧҶܿټǧҶܿͷ·˼һʧӰ٣ҲҲټ·Ͳֹһ
ӳһƬΧǶѾŲˣûǸǧҶܿټ
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ͨ˵ֻһʮѰҹѣǶ˵ȴǱѰּѾձǧǿصʯƬѾǧ֪УһʱҪСǧıˡ
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ʿ֪ʥҩĴȴ֪ʥҩںηƬλڴɽĿɽկһĴ䣬ǧʥҩ֮ء
ԭʥҩִƵĵطһƬĹʽȺԲŻᱻΪʥҩʥҩΪʢʱڣԴһιʼ֮ʥҩ˾𽥵Ĵʿʧˡ
˽죬ʥҩ˾һͨĴ˿쳣
˵ʲôԪͯˣ
һλЩֺ߶ڲ®ڣ㱨ϢʱȻ۾
λòʮֺͰˣʥҩĹŷޣҲǵΨһһҩˣũϵĴȥˡ
ǣϢѾ֤ʵˣԪѾһͬĻȪˣȫĽڡ
һïܵ󺺹ĻشкҫǿҲʥҩһϣ书Ѿﵽ쾳Ǵ̽ϢγԪ⣬һԸ޼ĵϵѪҲˣŷǱѪںͽ͢ģԪϵҲĪĹϵ
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ǱԪͯʬˣѾ쾳𣿾ҲԪͯĶ֡
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Ȼӹһ٣ΪʲôԪͯˣ
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ҫǿһ
ղ˵ǸʲôԸ޼Ѫ
ڲ®ڣŷ޵üͷʱ
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Ǳߵ鱨ƣĸ಻ᳬʮꡣ
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ŷҲһ㶣ɫͳֱǻʮߣôɱԪͯ
鱨ȷʵ˵Ǽ٣ҲǺ鱨ĿɿԺܸߣȻҲϢЩ𾪣Ҳпܾģ
ҫǿæ˵
ʮܻɱԪ֣ͯѾӵ۷֮ʵټĻģһû˵ôһĪʥҩӵ̫ˣѾʱĽŲˣ
ŷһδʲôٶѾֱӴӲ®˺ҫǿߡ
⣬ҲǷǳϾŷǱʵ̫ңԶˣܶҲֻܿȡȷ֤ݡ
ҫǿɹվһκˮ˳Ŷͷ˵ϣʪһСƬ
ǸʫϵŮںδ
ԶĴɽŷͻȻʵ
Ѿص˶Ŀǰڶϰࡣ
ҫǿʱ̧ͷ


887 Һβ
ʫϵϢҫǿʮֵĿ϶ΪʫϲûпΣ˸Ӽ⣬ʫϻͬǰһ
ֻ֮ǰҽԺĹʫѾˣڻŴ¥ȥϰ࣬Ȼ˶Ϊϰ࣬ʵʫڲŵĵʵҶĵһо˵Ŀ
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ʱûϢʫϲûкλһǸ˷·ͻȻ֣ͻȻʧһûټ
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ʱԪͯ˽ֵʱ˸߷αװĤͼסԸڵ˶ûмĿЩһֱΪǴͻȻð쾳۷֣ȴû뵽Ȼ˻ױٰ֮硣
ѪħǻͷˣȻЩ׼ռĵΪŵЩϼһǻЩ֮һǳ׵Ļ壡
ҡҡͷŷͻȻת˻⣬һ˵
ҫǿվڱһԣôĬĬĵȺţڿɲܲ廰ʱŷ޿еħħ̵ĽһͽͨĿ¸֣ʵ˵ѾĪľ磬Щܹȵġ
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ŷ޻˵һʱĳĬּ֮˵Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ץʱЩҩʲô֪ͨҡ
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䣬ŷ޵ѾʧˣľںҫǿƤӵʧȥټ֪ȥҪǻһˣΪļ˹ҫǿѾϰΪˣΪŷҲһͨľ֣
ʥҩ֮ΪŷʵͨȻħʥҩôԺĺͽʥҩ̲ˣʥҩϺõĵҩѾǧҩǱڵļֵǲɹġ
ŷаȫƾϲãȲħˣҲˣʵ˳ߵҲͶȥˣŷֻҪŪʲôС
ⷽ棬ŷ޳˶ҩβĿ⣬ʥҩиؼоʱеģΪеҩʥҩĹΪ޷ѹ͵ҩӶһغ
ͨǺεȵĲףŷڷȻ뾡һа취κοҵķֲҩ
ҩũϵ״߲֮Ǻ֮˿ģԹȥǧ꣬ʥҩιѾĻҲûܽҩȴǵĲֲȫɼҩĸ̶ˡ
׷ɱ壬ҲΪ岻Ͻطʥҩнʥҩ˶Ը⣬ŷ޵ʱмеҪطѹڵҩԲط
ջǴʥҩˣŷҲ˾һվ֮ڴҩ˳ͦ˹ûøָӾһΡ
һжֻǱŷ޺׹˶ã͵ҩͻٴαǸʱܲܳŹȥͲһˣҪҵӦҩĽ취ĿǰĻطпѹҩĹؼˡ
Ԫͯʧŷ˹ٲԳֵĻûлطˣһԳɽȥʫϣط
硣
ʵæµһϵʫϺҶĴ˸к뿪ʵңŴã˲Զһʽ׼ԵĹ
ŴòԶһ俧һλװ￴űֽǰͰڷһˮûкȿȣǸ
ֻҪʫ뿪˼ңǸڲԶĵطȻһʫϲ֪Ҫ֪˿϶ᷴԸôϾ϶øôۣһжǸԸģҲûʫ֪
ʫȥ˲Էűֽĸ΢΢һЦֻҪʫϰϧ壬ͺܸˣҲܲôࡣ
ʱʫ뿪Ų֮󣬾·ĬĬһʫϽǼҲĵһЩģʫϲԶĵط졣
һĻ仯Ҳûע⵽ϾҲʱעŽֱ·ÿһˣҪ֪ǶģҪעÿһǸܵ飬Ҳôǿ
˸λ֮ʫóЯһ鼮רעĿһ֮󣬼µˮϺȾʫϾôһ߳Ϻȣһ߿鼮ʮյӡ
Զ·ˣװͬʱҲڰй۲ʫϣֻǶʮֵСΣױ
ʫ϶ߵһˣһλֺҲڳżµĵģһЦеģǳĺͰͷ·һͨͷһͷʱʱľͻῴһʫϣ˳㻹Ƴһװ·ˣһ˿ζЦݡ
ͷʥҩĹŷޣ֪ʲôʱѾ˶ѾʫϵϢɣʫϵԷ֮ǰѾ
ôĹ۲ʫһ֮ŷתͷĿһ۴ķǸǸŵĿŷЦеƺѾӡ˸űֽӰ
һŮޣҩѧҲʮֵľͨѹֵôϲˣŮ޾ҼҲ̲סعкúõࡣ
Ұ˼죬ŷһЦݵ򲻴ֱȥʫϵ鷳ϾΪ˴طֲΪɱʫϣͣʲôʱӦżʲôʱӦ÷Ż
СĴƺеΣգѾ岨ڶˣЩʲô·Īϻܲɣ
Ƴһļװ·ˣŷ΢΢ҡҡͷ۹⣬Ҳʫʲôͬĵط˳ʮƯ⣬ĵطһͨˡ
Ϊʫ֮嵼µĹֲѾˣѾһˣһ⣬ûκĵطŷͨҲûʲô쳣


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ŷ޲û뿪ǼǰļģһͨҪԸʲôˣҪĶңҪҵˣʱҵ
ҵˣʫߵŲԶ֮ۿʫϽ˴ãǴ˸绰뿪ˣһ֮󣬴õĸֶˣ˷ֳŴõڴһһ硣
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⼸ĹѾ̽ˣǸȽеŮ࣬мŮ˾ͺסһ⼸Ů˼ﶼоıֱȽ鷳ƽʱҲǳ붫ѧҪҲףһŮ˽ƣŵܲãĿ̫ǲö֡
һͻȻڷķ̨򣬡һŮ˽ҦˣҦҵˣʵҲȽǿ󣬼ҵļǸҲǺǵֻһŮˣǰһҽոջػģĿǰһ˾סʫϡ
Ů˻ͦģҦҡҡǰøոջع黪ĵңСӵķծͦģȻĻǾѡ򵥵һ㶯ֺˣǸʫץɣ
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ʱ򣬼ӰٵСŲϸܶ೤һ书ˣЩ࣬·ܷһĵһԽլԺΧǽ
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ǸĺӰոմӵĴ֮ʱһͻȻԺﴫ˳
ԭ֪ʲôʱ򣬸ѾվԺӵ룬ЩӰȻûһע⵽Ժмһ˳ڸԸŸԵ顣
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ǹݶȻûа仰ֱӶ֣ҪץסǺúõһʲС
ҡҡͷһԭʧˡ
Ϊһ쾳ĸ֣ٶȲܱӵ죬ǱЩӰȴǴ´飬Щ˿ǹ֮ǰѾ˿Ҫʹʲô书ƾһĹѾȵѹЩӰ
һӲʱ䣬ȺѾӰ˸УЩԸĹûκεĻ֮һĹͷ׷Ժ
ҹĵϷҪǺη
֣һ
ڸ׾ٵƷЩǱĺӰ֮ԶһӰϢʧˣӰںڰУ·ȫͺڰΪһ壬κεĶߣǸ쾳Ҳûвκε쳣
ӰϢ뿪֮󣬸׼ҿЩӰɴֻûȥʵһζһ֮£̽ҿһӰɴŷִ˵ѾһѪѪɫֺںɫȻ˾綾ġ
һĽҿЩӰϵɴȻ֣ЩѾȫûһģЩ˱ĵҲеһ󷢺
ܹ˶ʿʧܵһ˲ɱκθϢĻᶼҲδ̫һЩ
ڷ׼˯ʫҲĶʱ˯³ˣһԺͿһصʬ壬ʱԾס͡
ϣЩǣ
һ֮ʫϲѹеľȡ
Ҳ֪Щ˾ʲôҲûκεı־Ȼĳʿרִоõġ
ҡҡͷøУ㱻˶˲һͷѵʥҩˣ
ʥҩУʲôʱѾ˲ˣ
ʫϻû˵ڸʱһͻأԺ
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һŤͷܿȥͻ֪ʲôطģʹѾص쾳ľ磬Ҳ޷׼ȷжϳԴһʱĳ
뿪ô꣬ҵѾֱ治ˣҵ껨˾޴ľ㡣
ǸԺӵͻȻĿˣһֺͷ߽Ժ
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Ǹֺͷһ˲䣬ȫĺëҲǣͱͷʥҩ쾳ʱͷҲɹĿͨ
˲ǱˣʥҩεĹŷޣ
ӵĵطɣǲڶĵطȻҵһƧľ֮ҲΪˡ
ŷЦǺǵĴһߵԺҩĵĵطץһЩɹɵҩģָĴ˴꣬ĵ˵ͷʫϵЩƵİɣ츳ҩԱʮãѹѡͽˡ
ϣλǰǣ
ʫһɻĿŷޣֺͷûʲôĸоΪͦͰ׵ӡ
ʫϣʥҩĹʦŷޣҵһ£Ǻѧġ
˿ĿŷޣڵҲ΢΢ûʲôǵľٶΪŷͨǰһᶼûеģ쾳֮ͨ䣬֮ʵࡣ
ʲôʥҩĹ
⻰ʫ϶ʱд󾪣Ϊʲô䵽ǸزҲ֪ŷʲôҪץסʥҩڱĹ
ڣʥҩĹȻվǵǰ


889 ʧ
ӰͻϮʫʧ֮ܲ󣬰ı
ʱ鷿ϸĿеƽʱûʱϲһ鷿ڿЩ飬ϰѾ˺ܶ꣬ʹ˼Ҳˡ
̨һ΢紵ʱ΢΢ڶһ鷿
ôͻˣ
üһͷҲ̧ķһҳ
ʧˣǶʫߵʧ쾳ĸڱʱ֪ȥͻϮСʧܣѾԶ̼ڲŵĶҩȫ𡣡
֮ǰһͻȻ鷿
쾳֣
ʱ̧ͷ۾΢΢ſһ˵ķһ񣬺һ֮ЩŽɵʵʫϵô쾳ĸ֣
ڻĵ磬˵쾳ĸˣһ֮ĸ֣ͨҲǺѼģϾΪһӵʮڵ˿ڣܹ˽ֻһСֶѡ
һСܹ˵Уܹ֮˸Ƿǳ٣쾳ĸǾ֮ˣԴﵽͨǼֱǷëǡ
ԶʫһͨŮӣ߾Ȼһλ쾳ĸֱе˷ǳ֣⼸ǲܵ飬ĸֻҲͨʲôǡ
ʱֵҶԶ˲ûзңҹпܵԸŵˣΪǸŮֻһͨ˶ѣûʲôӴĸˡ
Ǹһ£²
⵹ǺпܣʵʶЩǺ飬Ȼһ쾳ʫϣĪʫϻʲôܲɣ
ƤϣѰ˼˵
ʱҪʱĵУһĻǵж谭ˣʱȻӳ
Ǹص˵
ѾԽԽȤˣΪֻǸ˵Сӣ˽ΪѣڿĻСӻеʵЩŮоʫöԸˣ˹ϵӵĸӣǶʫϰɣȰѹеϢ˵
˰֣΢΢һ̵
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ǸصӦһ֮΢һ鷿ڱ
㵽׻жܣȻһͨŮ߶쾳ĸ֣Īߵ쾳Ѿൽ˿ӻĵز
һŵƤζʱת
ʱ˿̣լԺʫĶŷޣϵʮֵĸӡ
ǰͰ׵ͷһ·׷ɱ壬յӶݣԭƽƣӵ˶Ķ
Ϊŷޣ϶ôȻҲͲлʫˣȫˣƽһԶܲ
ŷޣʫϵҲʮֵĸӣ˵һеΪʥҩĹŷޱʥҩ׷ɱˣҲͲȻҲͲʫϡ
֮ʫϣڵһֱڻľۼûƵ£ǲܻʮ꣬Ǹʱڵۼأͻıˡ
ûˣһжԭ·չʱ˿ҲͲʫվˣ֮Ӧ˺ܾˡ
ԶŷޣʫһʱҲ˵ﵽǺ޻ʲôһֵĸоʱֻɫӵĿŷ޷Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
˵ʫϵ˾Ǳŷ޼ӵĸıˣûŷ޵ľͲнվʫϡ
ʲô
һĬ֮󣬻Ǹȴ˳Ĭŷ޵ĸҲʮֵĸӣϾŷ޽һִ󣬸Ǵһ书Ҳʵ
ϧǼ֮󣬸ͻȻͶʥҩеˣʥҩҲ䵣ʥҩֻ֣һΪһ˽ΪΪİࡢĵĵطžʥҩһ˶Ż
뿪ʥҩҲˣЩ꣬û𣿡
ŷͻȻЦһҡҡͷԺʯϣɫӵĸʵ
ʥҩѾǵʥҩˣѾԼʹȫԺ󣬳Ϊĳ˵ΪԼı˽Ĺߣʥҩʶʥҩǲȥģֻٶݰˡ
ŷ˵һصɫ
ĳˣǺǣ˵Ұɣ
ŷ޻ĵ˵ͷ㻹һӵʱҽ˹ڣʮһյĽ̵㣬ĪУҾ˲
ΣӦΪһ˽˵
ᶨҡҡͷ
Ǳ˵ԸӰ㣬ΪʹҲǷǳģ̫ˣеһ㶫Ϸ֣Ҳ֪ҲҪĴط
ŷ̾˿˵ĹʥҩҪƵ书һɣҲ޷ӹ³طڵҩֻйƽĻȡѡ
㲻ñ׷ɱҪǿıĴط
Ϊ˵
ߵһҲǱΣټһʥҩҵȥˣ֪ʲô𣿡
ŷ޻ĿŸ˵ʥҩҩ伮͵ҩκһ˵ҪõĲرûһ㹻ЩˣΪʥҩܱ죿
ΪǰĹû飿
ҡҡͷŷʵ
ΪǲûʱҪҵʱ
ŷ̾˿ħ̴ӺͿʼڰĻˣҲ֪ħ̼ɽϢʱҲżҲΪӻ󣬲ųʥҩĶħ̲ᣬ˼ɣҵˣһľЩͬŵʦֵǡ
һ߶꣬Ҳħ̵˴ˣЩʲôӣ˵ҲڵĽħ죬һҰʮʢˣҲкҰƥǿʵʥҩ˺񿹺⣬һľʥҩ
ЩҴûи߹ǣʥҩĹһڵǣ˵˶һ˵Ҽϵĵӣκ˶أһˣΪʥҩһ˿һԥôȥ
㲻ңҲ㣬Ϊ㲻ǹûеʥҩеľΪʥҩĴУκҶԸ±ٴĶҲϧ
վŷ޵һ˿ɣ


890 ǷǷ
ֻһƺͬʱζʥҩ˵ӵˣһ֮ˣܿѵĶЩӺˣпʥҩǧĴоͻһ
ŷһʼûֱӱóطûʥҩǿʵǿʵȥ壬ֻΪʱĹ΢ֻ֮۷ʵѡ
ʵ˴طҲѹŷǿҩЩҩһͨǿĳ̶Ȳһ֮ĸ־ͿԶԸģ۷֮Ҳ
ʵ쾳ʩչطܷѹŷڱҩ˵ҲΪڳʧ֮ŷ˽طҪ
֮ҪŴطΪطȴǶѹڵҩкܴЧֻΪʵ޷ѹƶѣŷ޵ʱѾͨʵԣҪطһ׵顣
㲻һӽط߾磬ٶȱѰ֮˵ҪٵĶ࣬һ˸߼طͿֽҩѹơ
Ϊ˽ôطŷóʥҩܶıϧһһܾˣȻһģǴطǾ⴫طҲͬ⽻ط
ʧܵ£뿪ʥҩҲûл
ŷ޾ǿطģǾԲܻ뿪ʥҩģ˵ŷԼ֣쾳ĸ֣ʥҩ֮࣬Щ˶ûĿܡ
ֱ仯Ϊħ̵Ĵܵ½ҵƣŷҲסˣʥҩͬʵֵ̫ñĶˣΪ˱ЩԲôĵ¡
ҩѾңĿƣΪ֮бȫʥҩŷ޲ò׷ɱָ
ˣ׷ɱʱŷҲɳԪͯǰȥִΪԪͯʬҩ䣬һ綾ʬԸҲʮֵǵӵԸ񶼱ȽҺʵѡԪͯ
֮ԻԪͯһȥΪ˼ලԪͯΪԪͯʬҩҪʬ壬Ϊ˷ֹԪͯɱ䣬һ·ԪͯҲԪͯɱ塣
ŷ޵ıֻǽططѹڵҩ֮취ȥֲ塣
ÿһεʥҩĹа˿ԵģϾũµĴУûٵΰĴС
ŷ޵˹ŵ׼һιˣû뵽ڶԸϣȻôĲ¸ֱӷʥҩӴһȥء
ŷηԸ˴䣬ЩȻΪŷҪնݳϾ֪ܶʥҩܣʦ֮ȻҪڣʥҩܾй¶Ŀܡ
ʵŷ޸ɱȫ˵޽⣬ΪһҲȥ˽ʲôô
֮ŷڵҩͱˣһαһҲǾļ࣬ŷ޲ڰ˹ʵøĹӾˡ
ⲢǺ£ĸҲΪڵҩ𽥵׳󣬵һҩٶȱʱǸŷԼΪܹĹȥٴηѰ䣬һҪҵط
ΪֽʱħѾĿʼˣҺչμսֻЩͨڶ֪ѣżЩϢй¶ˣϾͻᱻĹٷͨ˵Ŀֻš
ЩǲʥҩЩǧзħ̶˹ʥҩ̸
˵Ǻʵħ̽ʥҩʵһڣʥҩֵв֧ħ̾ͻٳǸʱȴʥҩ·ֻһˣҪô˳ħ̣ҪôͱŸϾɱ
Ϊŷޣûа취£һνϣ˴ط֮ϣֻطѹڵҩԲԪͯһ˳ѭ˿׷ԶĽѧʫϡ
ǸʫȥĽڣʫѾʥҩڣŷ޵ֶΣַԴʫϵĿ׳Ϣ
ʫ֪ѧ˴طģҲζŷ޿϶Ҳ֪飬ôìͷͻָ
ڸסԪͯ˵ĵһŷҲ޷סʫϣƫƫôɣĳʹʥҩļƻһʧˣԪͯ쾳ĸ֡
ڼȥŷޣ֪ϢʱվԳɽһˣǰ۵һĻ
һԵĳĬ֮󣬸̾˿
ֱ죬֪ŷޣкܶûоԵĶԴվڲͬҶΪ֮ҪĶһҲûжԴ֮ˡ
屣طĴУΪطӲ⴫
ŷޱʥҩĴУһʱˣʧȥͨʥҩ̾ͻᱻħһ£ͷӶʣΪ˱ȫʥҩŷǸҲ֮١
ĶԶԴûܹ壬վڸԵĽǶȣΪ˸ԵܶŬһоҲԵɣЩ⣬ֻĵִźͼְˡ
ͬʥҩطҲͲкô飬һҲ˳˳·չˣϧûʱѾΪһgŷ޵ĹҲѾɡ
ʥҩΪʲôħ̺
Ĭһ֮󣬸ЩɬɤӣɳƵʵ
ʥҩħ֮ĺֻһЩҩѣǸʱǲѶΪֹľΪڵݲȶԲʱôѣɽ֮ǰѾԸ˺ϣһҩ֮󣬾ͺħ̶ϵеĺ
ŷ޻˵ڵҩͣҪֲȱݣѾˣĹʵǿ֮츳֮߶ϵҲ֮Щ˶ûֲɹǲˣΨһϣǴط
طѹ͵ҩ
վһʵ
оųɵİգѾʩչ״ططҲ˽⼸֣ʵ㣬ȫܹطԲ޷ѹڵҩǻһʵǿʩչԼһѹסڵҩ
˵ͷŷʮֿ϶˵
ʫϡ
ŷһϿҵɫĺͷ΢΢һתͷһԾĬʫϣĽһ


891 ҩ
ʫϣ֪µȥĴܴ󣬲
ޱʫϣЩѵĿ˵û˵꣬ͱʫˡ
ϣ˵ˣס
ĵ̾˿ʫϿһŷޣҪ˵һ㶼Թŷޣǲܵ飬ϾΪŷ޲ܵˣҲôȥˣ޷ıʵ
ֻŷ޵ĿԣʫҲȫܹ⣬ŷ˵⣬ΪʥҩĹûôصĵӣܶĿҲͼ򵥶ˣ⵽ʱŷ޵Ѵ
ӣħⱵĽ죬ʥҩҲһɲСŷľ֣Ѿ֮ͨʵ֮ǿ¶ļλ˵ܹһλǿߣҲպԸħ̵һ޴
ˣԴѾҪ컹ţҲİɣ
Ȼô˵Ǹҡҡͷ
طҵУһʼҶ֪طĴڣһλԵɺϱˡ
ҡҡͷʫ˵طԹҪܸߣʱҲֻһǳ֮ӸҪǿĹ֧ţ԰طֻǿһЩѡ
˵ʫҲ˼ģŷ޵ΪˣȻֻǳμ棬ʶ鲢ĵ׾ŷ˲ʮĻǿʵȫǿбʳط䡣
ŷ޲ûôҲ˵ɽŷҲǴһĳģҲͲ뿪֮ǰҫǿһҩͺħ̳׵ĶϾϵ
ŷҪֵĻ˵ǸҲһˣʮ˸ĸҲԲסŷޣϾŷ޿ǻʵ֣ͨһͽĪľ硣
ĪǾŷ޾ǵǸˣ
ŷ޺ĿһʫϣʫϵĻûлɣطȷʵҪΪǿʫһǸŮӣûеȻ̸ʲôطˡ
һûĶ֣ЩһˣҲ˿ԺƥУҲͶʮͷͣǲ֪ġ
˵ͷŷ޵һΣǡȥŷޣʫϾѾԪͯץʥҩˣǸʱڵİ˻ûкãѾ˲֮ԪͯĶ֡
ƣף
ŷҲ֪ڵƣǱԪͯʬˣҪ渶˵ʱȴͻȻȵĽ
ôʱˣһֱûע⸶ڵϢϾθҲĶ֣ȻͲ̫⸶ϵϢǿˣǸղһ۲죬ȴͻȻָϢѾָ쾳ľ硣
ŷ޵ʱҵѾκˣõǴط
¶һ˿Ц⣬ʫʶΪʵǿˣԺ󲻳˱ˣҲǶȥһˡ
ţϴϢʱһΪǼٵģʮͷ˾ȻǿʵǹඥҲЩ˼飬һˣ˵ҲҪطʵѾ㹻ѹڵҩˡ
ŷΪ̾˵ʵκһʿˣᾪȵ˵ģʹͨĸҲһϾٶʵֱ̫Ͳ࣬Ҳٶȡ
Ҳ˵׼õȵСֿ˵ˣʵҹѾӽǴﵽ쾳۷״̬ȻҲпܸӵǿ󣬲֪طУǲѹڵҩ
ҡҡͷûаգҲ޷֪ҩŷ޵ڣжǿطжôǿҲȻ޷ˡ
ϵһ°ɣûʱ䡣
ʫ˵߻绰ȥˡ
Ӧһһģ벻֮ҵɺطǣһ𡣡
ŷЩп̾˿
ĹȻôȱݣΪιĹҪŹأ
ЩĿŷʵ
Щ鱾׼Ϊʱٸģ֪Ǽ飬ʹ뿪ʥҩԲһֱ֪
ŷ޻˵ʥҩһ书ǵũҩҩԵƥں˾ʮҩγǧ򻯵ҩһɶɫζ޿ɷ
ҩ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ȷǵһ˵顣
ҩũϵıѧľⶼںҩڣž鿰ǽҩƵһֱ£۹ЧԶһ֮ͬϣǱũٲݾ
˵ͷŷ޼˵ũٲݾмضǸҩĵĹЧ䷽ҩ߽׶Σҩ֮ȴǿƾһл׹ǵЧ
ҩ棬Ϊȴñк³
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ΪҩȱΪؼһţҲһʮҩһķţûţڵľʮҩ͵ʱջῪʼңжô߳Ĺͬʱѹƾʮǿҩ
ŷ̾˿ΪʲôǷȱһķţ˵Ϊũϵµҩδȫд꣬ǡǡǷȱһķţũһȥ֮ҲûлҩҲʹӴǷȱؼһ
ʮҩںϣȻ˵ѣĹûһܹɹ
üͷ
ؼһҲǽҩһʮҩȻǿ󣬵ҲŲӲȱ㣬ںһ廯Ϊҩ֮ȴʱʮũϾǿҩһվֵ۷壬Ⱥۡ
ŷ޵˵ͷǷȱҪһҩҲһŷǳѧؼѣƲ۷ѧһҩʹˣʥҩĹΪĿģǰ̵ҩϣܹһķŲȫ
ԭˣû뵽ҩһںϷžȻ˵ѣӲʮλ
̾˿εҡҡͷûа쵽飬ûκεİܹдǻۡ˱ȱȽǣЩȣʲôοũϴ书һûаգǲȫˡ
ûа취ȫһ£Ҳֻ˶εѹڵҩˣҩһѹƣҵʵҲĳңҲܶⲿֵҩһõĻ̾ͻᵼҩͣʱˣ
ŷҲεĳ̾һһ˿ź


892 
͸ںڰĿ˵΢Ĺâϥڿ룬ɢǵС㣬ЩǱͽָһʱЩϡڲϵȥ뵽ндѭ
ûʱŹκһʱ䣬ȡ˽ʵ츳ֲŬҲҪԭ֮һʹҲҪĺˮܻջ
ĸ֮ʱһԵֻͻȻ΢Ļֳʫϵ֡
΢΢ۣĻϵ֮϶ʱһ˿ɻѾҹʱˣʱʫǲ绰ģʲôˡ
˵绰ֻһ仰ɫ̴䣬һʹӿ˵³¥ݴʧˡ
ʥҩĹھҼ
ʫֻ˵һ䣬ûü˵ʲôѾٵʧ˿
ͺմӵ³ſ˳һ˦βС·ľͷܿ뿪˱˴·
լԺŷ͸Ժʯ˵ŻʮӵĹŷͻȻ̧ͷӾͷһη
ǿϢ
վŷɫ΢
ţ
ɻĻͷһۣŷ˵ʱûиоʲôȥʮӵʱ֮ŸӦһǿϢѸٵ￿
ոӦеϢƶٶȣʮʱһ൱ľ룬ȵĿһŷޣֵͨǿ󣬸˸̵ᡣ
ǰʥҩʱ򣬼û˼ŷ޶֣󲿷ֵʱŷ޶Ǵڲ®ﾲһûʲô¶棬ʥҩгЩ⣬ĵһŷ޶ѡ
ǣСֵϢˡ
ȵϢĽһЩ֮󣬸̸Ӧ˭ɫʱ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ȼ˲ãƾϢ֮ǿ쾳Ѿеˣ
ŷ޿һ۸ʮ־ȵ˵
ҾͲˣһǵһμС¶ǿϢǰ˺ܴһֵʵ
ҲЩ˵ǿϢʵô쾳֮лûĶ֣ԼΪǾԲܵеùġ
ǸӦϢûõʱ䣬ӰѾԺٶȷǳľˣڵʫϵİȫʩչ۷ٶȣӣŷ޵Ƿǳȵı顣
ûʱŷ޶ʵûһֱ۵飬ǼˣӣǿޱȵϢּķʹŷһʱҲûлع־˵ٶȣͨһʱҲ̲סһ˿ʵĸо
ŸոնʮͷͣѾӵǿʵ͸ľ磬ؽͨҲָտɴ飬Լʮʱŷ޶ʱ겻ѵҡҡͷ
ͨ
һԺӣŷ޵ϣֺ쾳֮ȻͬϢɫ˲ͳ
Ȼ֪ұͨʱѾʶһЩǴ򽻵û뵽һô죬ȻǰѾһλ֣ͨǻǶͷʥҩĹ⼸ζսʱпܱ
ʵѾҪ쾳۷״̬ʵҲЩ۷徳쾳Ҫǿ󣬵ͨĸ֣ȻûκεİգʹֶξҲֻĻᣬ⻹ҪƴһС
ɣܺãȻӢ۳꣬;˾˵ʵҲǲš
ŷ޿ʮֺЦ
ֵĿһŷޣȻŷϵͨϢʮֵԣûиоʲô⣬ʶг̶ȣͨҲ޷ǰԼĵ⣬Ͼȼ̫ˣֻ֮ʧ̫ѣϻҪȵϵ߸߳ܶġ
С֣λʥҩĹŷޣɽΪ˽ǰͽ⣬Ϊץʫġ
к£󽫸ղŵȫ˵һмŷֻǾûв廰˵ʲô
ôһͣҲ⣬ϾŷΪʥҩĹǵ϶ͨĹڲһҪ縺Ҳ˸ӵأԲŻ֣ʵʥҩˣûжУҪΪԪͯԸʫϣʥҩ˺ܴķС
ĽͲܴͷеɻΪһЩǸ֪ģҪȷЩҲŷûйϵŻͻȻʥҩ
ŷһ²֪֪֪飬ʥҩԸȼ飬ģ
΢΢һ£תͷŷʵ
ȼңҲû˵ȼңΪдһʣ
ŷüͷ΢΢һ壬һҡҡͷһɻĿ
ŷʥҩĴũ϶԰ɣ
ûֱӻش𣬶תһ⡣
ʥҩȷǴũϣȻũûеεһιǵһιȴũϵĵӣһȫǴũϡ
ŷ޿϶ĵ˵ͷ鲢׫½֪û˲֪ʥҩũϵĹϵ
ôŷ֪ũϵı
ʵ
ҵĲ֪飬֪Ҳ࣬Ϊũгʱ򣬾ѾƺţҲûֱ䣬ʹǵһιҲ֪ũϵʥҩп϶صļء
ŷҡҡͷ
ũϣǡ
˵
ǣȼң
ŷ߶һͻȻһ𣬽ĶʵĪȼңũϵĺ᣿
˵ȼңȷũϵĺᣬǧ꣬һֱĬĬػũϵĴС
΢΢˵ͷֱ˵
̫ˣ̫ˣû뵽ũϾȻк֪ȼҵϢҶ֪顣
ŷ޼վԺزͣⲽȵĸЩѹƲסڵϢһɱҪǿϢʱ΢΢й¶˳̾ʶһ㣬ֿסڵϢص
ʱʫôޱȵŷޣʱɻһߵߣ
ʫϵС֣΢΢һЦתͷŷޡ
ȼңҵ֪ϢʱȼѾֻʣһˣƼΪأϲĻũϵѪУѾ׵ĶϾˡ
ŷޣһһĻ˵
ʲôô
ŷȻվ


893 
һɽХĿ̼СԺŷˮſµĹâ
˭ȻȥũϵѪУŷǻڴ˷ģһǣ˵Ǿ˭
ͳŷǻԵĿдӿŭ𼸺Ҫӿۿ
ʥҩ˵ũʥַĴڣʥҩı־˵еһҩһȺӣʶֳΪ۷ְ꣬Ʒл书Ϊ
ڣũϵѪоȻˣǧĴоˣβŷ޷ŭԭŷ޻׼ȼҵ˽ӵʥҩһסúõıũϵϧһѾ˻ӰҲˡ
βŷ޷ŭŷ޲ھͽȫʬΣйͷֻޡ
ŷޣʱ˿̣ŷ޵ıûκε쳣ּȵ𾪺ʹģαװı֣Ȼƾǿ꣬ǿԸӦһ˵磬ڵŷ缫ȵʹͻںޣͬʱޱߵɱ硣
Ȼŷ޿ֻǸͰͷѣǴ˿ϢȻ䱬һԵĸ̺һϣɫЩ԰ǿϢӴѹѾЩˡ
ŷ޵Ķ棬ŷƱĵһʱסʫϵ֣ǿ̹ͨˣȫ
ûĻôľڣʫϿ»ᱻŷ޵ϢֱѹȵѶϾһֺͨŭӴϢһ˿ԳܵģʫֻǸտʼ˵֮ˣûн룬ֿܵŷ޵Ϣ
ҵȷ֪˭ȼҵĴУȷѾ׼
Կŷ޵ϢԵĲ̫ӣǺõ̫ˣڲֵͨĶ֣ͨĸҪƾϢѹҲǲܵ顣
Ǿ˭
ŷ޺˫ۣͳʵ
ȼҴжϾףʥҩ
˵
һһ䶼һشûŷ޵Уʥҩ֣ŷ޸˼һš
ܣԲܣʥҩǾԲ˺ũϵĴˣⲻܣ
ϵϢһңŷҡͷеɫǸӣɻʹģʱ˿˵ĻΪǼٻҲԵ޹ʵʥҩʵҲԸţдʱңҲֻԼܶˡ
Ҵȼҵ˿׶ģ˵ԸȼҵˣʥҩˣҲ㣬Ըȼҵǲ´ġ
˵ͷ
Ҹ֪£֪ũϻк£ôܻȥԸǣҲκ˺ǣ
ŷ޾Ȼҡҡͷ̧ͷ͵Ķס֪ʥҩеĺڶԸȼң
һҲ֪飬Ϊ´ЩôжڿĻʥҩ˽µжˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷΰû˵˭ڶԸȼңֻ˵ʥҩˣʥҩҲˣҪһѶȡ
Щô֪ȼҵĴڣȼǧ꣬Ҳû˵ʲôϢ˵ũ˶ΪũһӲûãһʥҩС
ɬɤŷ޵Щɳƣ˵֮˾Ȼʥҩ֮ϵϢͻȻʧӰ٣˷·ʮһһɲǼ䣬һ֧ľƺʧˣ˶ԵЩή
ũϵһũٲݾʥҩũٲݾǼ򻯵İ汾걾ũٲݾ
˵Ȿ걾ũٲݾһֱȼҵУȼڴǧ֮Ѿʽ΢ǰһλ˺裬Ϊ˻ȡ߼ѧص׳ʵũٲݾһҳһҳĸ˳ǵ͵͵ȻСģڴĳۺɱ˷˶ߡ
ͿֱǺͿ֮رôóۣһ֪еļֵˣȼҼȻѾʽ΢ؼʵҲôӵùЩ֮˵׷٣
ŷ޺˵
ΪˣʥҩеĳЩ˾Ͷ˺ˣһ׷֮ڷЩҳǴ˺ģЩӦҲ֪ȼҾũϵпֻΪũٲݾѣ˼ǧ꣬ȼҴûж͸¶Ǻũ֮Ĺϵ
˵ҼΰʱȼѾֻʣһˣ½ҾٰıģʱѾˣе˶ѾϾɱ޶ʥҩܵʱЩ׷ɱ˿ģЩˣҲ

ŷۿȭͷһ졣
ЩҲֻǵҪũٲݾرѣ֪ȼҾũϵҲ˵ãЩ˵ԣ˵ʹ֪ũϵĺˣҲ顣
΢΢ҡҡͷ̾˿
û뵽ũϾȻϧ֪̫ˣûܺúõıǣλصУһ᳹£ԲŹЩˣ
޺޵һӣŷŭ˵һֿ֮걾ũٲݾǲҲЩõˣ
ûУΰʱѾˣʱ޶࣬ңʱҸոڱϽ쾳ܾѾôǿʵΪȼұĻҲһ㣬ũٲݾΪ֮ȡҵһͷĳŵ
˵
ʲôŵ
ŷ΢΢һ㶡
һʵ㹻ǿʥҩΪȼ֮𡣡
ŷޣƽ˵

ŷûжŭֻǳ̾һ
ΰҪзǳ⣬ļ屻ţҲ޲ýԷɱļȮκһѪԵ˶뷨֮𶼲ʲôˣ
ΰƼأҼʱѾϾڿȼҵĵҩһѣ֮ѾȵѷҲ޷һʱ䣬Ѿϵ;ƿݵʱ򡣡
˵ũٲݾͦãҴӦΰҪ󣬼ȻѾȷ˲ʥҩĴôȻҲȥԸʥҩЩȼҵһҪҳҶΰɵĳŵ
ģ㲻˵Ҳһ᳹£ǲˣһŹ
ŷû˿ԥ˵еļᶨûκζҡļ
ã¾鷳ŷˡ
˵ͷл
һԵĳĬ֮󣬸ȴЩƵա
С֣һи֮룬֪㷽㣿
΢΢һ£ʵ
˵
΢΢һЦ


894 
浽Ҫ˵ʱ򣬸ԵЩˣ˿ŷޣֿ˿˺һ֮˵˳
С֣Ҫ鷳飬ǹڹ¡
̾˿˵
ŷ
ɻĿһŷޣһͨĸ֣ʲôҪæ
ʥҩũϣ书ȻҲũµ书ʥҩĹũ״ҩҩž޴ȱݡ
˵ͷ
ҩ
һû뵽ʥҩȻҩĻƺҩʲôףҩУ΢΢һ֮˵ũµĴУôвףҩĻũԼҲİɣ
˵ɣ
ŷ̾˿ҩȻûκģŹũϣŹѾ֤һˣŹеʱũһҪûµ뿪ʥҩһȥҲûлʥҩµҩǲȱġİ汾
ԭĪȱİ汾˻⣿
˵ͷ˹ҩʲô⣬ũûİ汾
ǳأʥҩܶ书ҩݱģҩЩ书Ļܰ棬ʮҩҩĸʮҩ֮ͻͨǽ֮ͨͱҪʮҩںϣγҩĻ޷ѹ͵ҩ
ŷϸ˵֮ͨΪķǳΣգΪʮҩ͵ٶȺܿ죬˶Ǿ޷ѹڵҩ±ʥҩÿһζ³
ȻũµҩȱݣΪλҪȥÿһεĹҪ
ֵʵ
ԭҲ򵥣Ϊҩ޴󣬵ũƾҩְ꣬һҩ书̾ͻһȫµľ磬ʹ֣ͬͨʵҲźĲ𡣡
˵ͷŷ˵һʼǶΪֻҪһϵŬϵĻܶҩĸվͿҩȱʧҪطǶСҩˣСũϣҲ̫߹Լҩ³̶Զǵ󣬼ʹȥô꣬ʮιҲûоںʮҩط
ҩȻũϵ״ְ꣬Ȼô򵥾ͿԳģҪ뽫ҩֲҪﵽũϵľ磬ǳԽľ磬ĻҾûǲ̫ܵ顣
΢΢̾˿ҡҡͷ
ҲôãԲŶֲҩȱϵЩ˺Ҫ彻Ĵط飬طѹ͵ҩ㲻ںЩҩܹѹסҲһİ취ֻǲǳ֮ƶѡ
ŷҲ̾һֻҪܹ꣬ͿԽһĹһĻʥҩҵĸ־Ͳ˴УҲͲΣʥҩĴС
ҩȷһſص䣬ũҲŴ书һԲôģʥҩĹǻۡ˿϶ȱ٣Щ˾Ȼһ˾飬ûܳɹֲһطȻĶ֮
˼һ֮˵
α׼ѰҴط׼ԼһȻѹ͵ҩ˵СѾط˼ΪľأҲͲطˣϾ嵽Ҳûͬʥҩط
ŷ޶һ£˵һ֮룬ϣСܹҿǷѹڵҩңҪűʥҩĴУȼѾ˶˴УʥҩĴпɲٶˣҾȪ֮֮ûλûũˣ
طȷʵǺ棬Ҳط˼ߵľ磬ܹѹŷڵҩûʲôգϾͨ쾳ĲЩ󣬼ʹѾ쾳۷壬Ҳδ
˼һ֮΢΢ҡҡͷ
вУСԿѹƲ˵ĻҲΣҵҲǳһŷģʵȷʵЩԶСѾﵽ쾳۷壬ʵǸ߳˷ǳ֮࣬Ĺʩչطػ벻Ч
оܾ˼ŷ޶ʱЩż˵
ŷҪ֮⣬һķȴܹ͸ŷģҪŷӦһЩ顣
΢΢˰֣һЦ
ʲô취
ŷһİ취ʱ۾һ
취ʲôʱܸŷֻ˵취һݵİ취ԶĽŷĺ󻼡
ҡҡͷ
ãȻ仰Сʲô龡˵ֻҪŷܹ쵽飬ƴǰ㣡
ŷһ࣬˵
ģҾԲŷʲôΥĻߵµ顣
ŷ޵̬ȣҲһ´ƽңҶ棬ʥҩҪԱҲҪԱȻҲкǿ֧ţЩϾҵؼʱܲó˵ҪһβƵѣκʱͬѡ
ʥҩˣ
ŷ̾˼
ˣ棬Ϊѡ
˵ͷֱֱĿŷ˵
ŷ¶һ˿˼ı飬ͬ˹ϵҪðżķգʱҾһϵƣһپ٣һʥҩʵԼȻܹӦΣҲǼһ֮һоͱδ֪ˣʱʲô⣬ͱ鷳ɾĲˡ
󾿾ʲôǿŷ޲Ǻ˽⣬ǵһμⲢǺ飬ϾӵǿʵҲͷһ˵ǰǸ붼û顣
ʹûʲôҲȫе飬һĸ֣ͨ嶤飬Ǿζһȵͨ֡
֮УͼûʲôãܹһĶǾ֣쾳ҲǲģͨлȨĸ֡
ǵһ㣬ŷ˾
ʥҩԺˣΪι̵ѣκʱ򶼲Է
վŷ֣ص˵
ãŷ仰Ҿͷˣҩ鲻õģΪоҩ
Ҳվ˵ͷ
˵ʲô
ŷļõɴ۾һ˼Ŀȫŵɫ


895 ʦ
ҩʥҩĲѧǵũϿĶѧ֪ĳʥҩһĴ֮⣬˵õŶѧ
ʥҩǧ꣬ҩıҲǻܵûгֹѧرʧ߱ͻȻ˵оҩһҩ汾ŷ޵ĳж
Ҫ֪ʥҩǧҲһֱŲҩһĹձҩʥҩԲ䵽زѾˡ
Ŀŷ޾ôάһȵı飬óһʱ֮󣬲ų̾˿ϾȵҲεӡ
ҲµĲĻҩӦǴȼҵеõİɣ
һ£ŷ޿ʵ
ȷǴȼҵõģҲȼԼҲ֪ӵŶѧҩ򵱳˺ͲðճȥũٲݾĲƪˣҩŶѧѾ㹻ȼҵˡ
˵ͷ󷽵ĳϵȻѾҪʥҩͬ˹ϵЩȻǲмȥģԴء
ȼҵҲ֪ε֪ģ
ŷ޺ʵ
Ҵΰеõũٲݾ棬Ȿǵũϴ飬ҩͲڣصʮãҷֵʱûбκ˴򿪹ļ󡣡
΢һ
ԭˣ޾֮·ΣѵĹͷӭת
пĳ̾һŷ޻ĵ˵ͷ
ҩһʽҿԽŷҲи֮룬ϣŷӦ
΢΢һЦ˵
˵
ŷֱӵ˵ͷ֪ʲôֵҪȻ˽Ӵʱж̣ԸѾһŵ˽⣬֪һˣֵôߵˡ
ԭҲ֪ʥҩҩҩҵõ֮ҲΪԼΪ˸ʫֻʫڸմڴĽ׶Σһûнʫ϶ѣȻŷžѧϣԺʫʱŷָܶʫһ
ʫϵ֣Ц˵
ԭ£û⣬ҿֱܹΪͽܹҩҪ㣬һĻܹ͵üʥҩˡ
ŷ̵˵ͷûʲôܴĵִϾҩֵģԸʫϣɻǻʫҩ˳ˮ顣
һԭΪʫϺĹϵһ㣬ֻҪʫϼʥҩʱʲôìܵĻҲͨʫϽе⣬һõ顣
Ǹ˵ԭΪ巸µĴŷҲҸֲŮȻҪึһЩľĴҩֲɵ˺岢ı⣬վ´
ʫϣԸʥҩŷΪʦŷͨĸ֣ĿǰϴﵽָǵһһĶ֡
Щ㶵ʫϣ΢΢һЦʵ
ҪΪͽ
ʫЩԺĻ˻Դ
ŷôãŷ޵ʵҲһӡĿѾǷǳˣܣŷǱҪǿߣһߣͬʱǴʥҩĹһҩ֮£һˣȻ԰Ϊʦ
֮ǰһ֮ʫ϶ʥҩӡҲĸĹˣϾҲʥҩˣһǿȻк˺ͻˣŷ޵ıԲֻǵΪʧŵˡ
ԭŷ޵Ĵ֮ŷҲûôĵִ֮ˣŷҪʫΪͽҩ֮ͬʱԼʥҩѧϰشǧ֮ڳҽʫ˵һõĻᡣ
ΪҽͻƣʫԶĽѧһ˼į͹¶죬ôõĻᣬﻹвԸ⣬ֻΪ˱ȽϺߣ˼ֱӴӦˡ
ŷΪʦҩĹпȥܶ鷳һѧϰʥҩڶҽ͵ҩ֮ЩǵũԴص䣬ѧɶûκλġ
ЦŻص
˵ܹҽҩ֮ȤԶŷѧʥҩ֮ĵ伮㷭ģֻҪѧĽȥȫѧҲûκġ
ŷ޹һЦ
ŷ֪ɣʫ֮ǰ֮壬һֱûз֣֮˲ѹƻڵǻʮģŷ޵ʱʫϵĹѾڵȫȥˣʫѾû֮ǣͬʱ֮߱ʣֻʧȥЩѡ
գգۣʫЦ
֮壿̫ˣǵյʲôֻҪҹඥһõĹҪԶԶЩЧ
ŷ޶ʱ˷ܵվһŹ⡣
˵ԭҪʫΪͽֻΪάֺ֮ĹϵԼһѣôҪʫΪͽŷԸˣҪʲôڵɺأҲһҪʫΪͽ
֮壬ʷǳʺӵʵ֮٣˵ǷëǰĴڣΪ֮屾ǿӵʵ˸ʲźΪ֪
һλ֣֮ģǴ澭»澭һԺҩĶ»ƾŴ֮ľ澭޵֣Զ˲˹ȵأʹҲ֪»ӵĴ
ʵܵõ澭Ļôʫʺ澭书ľ澭Ͳ֪ʧ˶꣬Ҫõľ澭ɲһ׵飬˵ʷĺ֮ˡ
ҩʱҲƫԵĹΪҩȽϸӣԵʺۺϸֲͬҩԣڽѾʮҩΪһ壬ΪҩҲмİ
֪ʫ֮ŷ޿ʫϵѾڿͽˣڿʥҩһιϡеҩԵԴ̣ʫϽͨ˵ĻҪĶ࣬һҩɣʥҩֵʢʱڵĻԻ͡
ʫϣ֮壬ǳʺŶѧҩŷָ㣬Ϊ㴫Щ֮˵붼ĺôһʦ
һʫϣգգ۵
ʦ
ôĺôǰţʫСĽһ


896 
ʫʦŷǸ˶ʹͳ˼ǳĵҩ͸ʫϻЩҩһҩЧޱȣֻʣһ֮Ҳ֧ʮʱ䣬˵Ƿǳصļˡ
ʦ̫ˡ
ʫŷǱ߽ܵҩʱҡҡͷ
ҩֻ֮û˻ƣȴֻһʧȥ˾ûĻˣҪϧΣջˣһҪʱЩҩǧҪ᲻á
ŷЦһƿֱʫϵС
ллʦ
һۣ˵ͷʫֻŷ޵
ʵʫϼʶϡҩ٣ĵҩǷ軹Ħ޵֮ǰ֪ʫ֮ʱõ裬Ƕһ޶ϡҩЩҩ˵ͨˣʥҩҲòģҪԭΪԭϵѷ˵ҩʧ
ʫϷõϡҩǲˣ֪ľѾĦ޵Ѿڵӣзûзã׼ʫϽ֮֮ľõġ
һЦ˵
Ħ޵裿ֵҩѾ伣ܾˣӦûгƷĵҩĪǾ޻޻ˣ
һֵҩ֣ŷ޶ʱ̾˵ԭϵ֣ȻʥҩҲֵҩļأֻûԭϣɸΪ֮
ҾͲˣҩСøʫϷõġ
Цſһۡ
ԭǴСõģĪǵ滨ٴ
ŷ̿ʵΪʥҩĹһϵĳɾͷǳ֮ߣȤȻҲǺܴĦ޵ͷֵҩڷǳƵĵҩֵҩսһ£ûвҲǺް취
ʥҩмƷĵ٣ǺܶϧĲʱıǨͻĶ񻯣Ѿ𽥵ʧҪµĵѰҳĲϣҪΪҩ֪ʶ֤꣬ܲ·ӣʵҲǲС
е߶ܣ̶ֻȸиߵͶѣЩרһһʦǣӵзǳǿʵƳ鵤ӵв˼ԡ
Ȼ϶ЩʦǵĶ֣ľҲ˵Цģ޸ĵϵЩֻСһѣǶЩҩĲô˽⣬ľͿԴĵ
滨ҲǴΰõϢ滨ں̶ĵײȥѰҵʱһ֪˶õľһս֮ҵնɱͷǾ֮ߣһ쾳߼Ҳֻܵķݡ
ŹǱߵŵĽһŷǲϵĵͷ۾һŹ⡣
ⵤҩ˭Ƴģ벻ʦʦӦüʥҩ̫źˣ
ŷæ׷ʵ
²ţĦ޵ƶɡ
ǫһЦ
ʲôֵҩȻСƳģ
ŷ޾ȵվһ˼ı飬Ҳһ׺䶥ľȱ飬·𿴵ʲôһ
ᣬѧϾѾȡ˵ĳɾͣѾվ쾳۷徳磬ٶѾ˾úܲ˼ˣû뵽ȻܶĦ޵ͷĶҩ
Ҫ֪һŷǳѧʣ˵֮ʱһˣרҵʦܹƷĦ޵Ҳûм˲˵ŷûԹ֮ǰҲ˵һܹĦ޵ͷƳɹ
ĵҩҪ֮ߣѾһŵĵزҪķѼû㹻Ϊ֧ţڵҩδ֮ʱʦѾ;ƿݶˡ
ʦʵһìְܵҵͼĵҩҲҪκΪ֧֣ͨˣ츳һĻҲԶƣЩ߼ǶĵҩȴҪǿΪ֧֮ʱģƳĵҩ
ŷޱǸʦѧϴﵽͨľ磬һͬﵽʦľ磬һʮʱ䣬ͬʱĻʥҩĶѧҩ
ѧǿʵټкܶʱԺ͸ҩĴ򽻵ŷ޵ΪҽŽһֻĵز
ǻʱ;ĸ֣ӵʵŷ޿˵һָһջ
Ŷʮͷͣѧȡ˵ĳɾҲˣϾóʫ֮ʵˣЩ⣬ûнݾҪѴʱȥϵĳԺϰ𽥵պ֮ĸ⡣
Ⲣһһ飬ˮĥĹûдʱרУһʲôɾ͡
ƫƫʹƣڶʮͷ֮ʱȻͿƳĦ޵Ķҩŷ޶ûаܹƳ
ҲѹŷƳĦ޵ͷʱ򣬻˾ȵԭˣǲɵ飬ƫƫˣıҪӵĺá
죬Ʒĵҩûϣҿ
ŷ޼е˵
УĦ޵ûУϴСұŵķ軹ڡ
Цͳ裬ݸŷޡ
ΪʥҩгһԱʱ˿ŷ޵飬õʱ򣬿һĬĬоһҹĹ򣬷ֵҩɲ˭ܸõֵϡ㸶ʥҩ˼ʮ꣬Ҳûϡĵҩ
ȻǷ裡
䱦һĴӸнӹǸҩƿŷ޽ƿڴһ˿һ֮ʱ۾һɣͷִƿϸĹ۲һ裬һʱЩɻüͷƺЩԾӣ
ôᣬҲоһǷ裬ͼеһ
ֵʵ
ͼеĲһϸ΢𣬲仯Ҳ֪Ǻûǻ
ŷҡҡͷС֣裬ϸյƵ𣿡
УҲûȫյã޸еļζҩĵ䷽ͱ
ҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ
ʲô˵Ƴĵҩ
ŷ޵۾ֵԾĴ±ⱲӳԾĴҪˡ
޸˵ܽҩƳˣһǴʦʦŷȻҲ޸ĵǾԲȥķּĵһ֮Ǿ֮ˣʱƳľʲôǾֻ֪ˡ


897 ̸
ĵҸı֮ҩЧѾҡ
Ц˵ƽӣıĵ˵ȷʵʲô£ЩЧ鵤ȣȷʲôӵĵҩ
ڵϣȴĻеҩ֮һƵѶԶһ˵仰ĸŷޣɲܱƽ飬ʱǵѾ·Ͷһըֱӱը˿
ɹĸ˷ĵһҩЧ֮࣬˵ʲô
˵Էֵҩ⣬Ѿڴʦ֮ˣ
뵽ʹŷѾһλͨĸ֣ҲеЩѣǿ츳һλʦһλһ˾ʦȻŽʮͷͣ
ÿ뵽͵ʱŷ޾̲סһЩʱĻһλʱǰֻװӡ
ŷ˵ͱҪ󣬲׽һЩָոնʮͷͣʵЩԽܡ
̫ˣǲ˼飡
仰ŷ˵һ仰ˣѧһĳɾͣһĳɾͣͨĸַĵ壬ʱΪȲǳԽҲֻʱѡ
һֱΪСֵĵҩǴطõģû뵽ȻԼƳģЩţ˵ͣ˵츳мǧҲͳôһ˶ѡ
ҲһԸпǧ˵
ֻżĵöѡ
ǫһЦҡҡͷ
ѾԲĽҩȱ⣬˳Ļǰĳ϶ŷǳ泩֪Ȼһ˾˵츳ʱ
ĸУһŷḻľ飬ʣµʫ϶ҩһҲǷǳĸȤţȻ֪оһҹʱȥˡ
ȵ¶ǰףɫѾ΢΢ʱھȻѾˡ
벻ȻСˣʹ찡Щ֪ʶҲû뵽ģʱһҪСȥһʥҩǺúõҹǲŽһʹ죡
ŷ޸һЦֵ
һļ⣬ܶͲǵϵ֪ʶлľ飬Щֻ͸¶һС֣Ѿŷ޾Ϊˡ
СһȣҸоⱲӻڣЩ֪ʶѧˣЩٰ
ҲһЦһҲ࣬һϯʤʮĸо
ʱҲˣ벻һô͹ȥˣҲˣʲôȥæɣٴ죬ʫǱҪעһ㣬ҵеࡣ
ҡҡͷŷ޿Ÿ˵Щ˵ȥǾʲôˣΪʲôҪʫ֣ʱһʲôҲܰһæ
ţ˶ʵҲͷˣûץסѯʣЩҵһֻ֪Ǵֵˣܸ֪ʲôϢץסǣֻᾪĻˡ
˵ͷ
֮ʹ֮˿϶ܿĵõϢʱǼ֣ǷԸʫϣͻ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪ʫϱ˸ٵ飬ȥ֮׼öЩٵ˽зܲҳĻ֡
֮ʱʫҪעⰲȫЩڼԸ㣬пܻĵطԸ㣬ԼһҪġ
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵Щʲô⣬ʥҩĹһΪѾͨҲù೤ʱ䣬ͻҩʱʵֻٱһΡ
뿪Ĺʾ֮ص˼УʱҲˣƼŮҲˣȥ͡
ôô˻ȥѽ
ҶϦŸˢһˢһ߽˳ʵ
ʫǱ߳˵飬ҹϮס
һ嵰ͷ΢΢һЦ
ôˣʫûʲôɣ
ҶϦһæˢ˳
ûʲô⣬ʫһֱһλ쾳ĸֱЩѾˣڵҪҵĻָʾ˾ˣʱûʲôͷ
΢΢ҡҡͷŹļ嵰
֣ô˶ԸʫأʫһֱһҲûкʲô˽𰡣
ҶϦֵʼ磬ת߳˳
֮˵Ļż嵰ͻȻͣص˻Źһ˼
ûмŷޣε˵ͻΪʥҩ˸ɵãڼȻѾŷ޴ͬˣҲ֪ʥҩ¼ʹ֮ˣôͺˡ
ҶϦ˵ʫһֱһƽʱϰߺ͹ҲǷǳĹɣʲôˣҪӽǰĻôֻܺߵйˡ
ʥҩˣʥҩ˲ûжԸˣôʫߵ˾ֻһˣǾ
뵽۾ʱһ
ҪԸʫϣǳģҵҪǾʲôˣ
кһһеƽ׹ڵļ嵰̻һߣԽԴ׵ľ룬׼ȷ䵽˺󷽲ϵԲ
Ҫһ㣬עΧûиǵˣʫѾ˸ˣ׼ȥץϲĻӦҪԸңֻ֪ҵʵ׶Ըߵ֡
ϣһߺţ̣һ߶ԼŮ˵
ҪԸ㣿
ĵʵʲôˣ
ʱ֪г̫ˣʵԣԸҲ̫ףЩ˺п˶Σ׼ߵ֣һҪģȥѧУͻ·ϣ˶ĵط
΢΢ҡҡͷЦ˵Ҳ̫ģһ˾ȥģ鲻̫ãʲôˣҶߵ֣һŹǣ
ǵûʲôϵϾѧУǱô࣬ûʲô˸ֱǱ֣⼸ˣ˻ʫϺǱߣҪעһЩһȽ׳ΪĿꡣ
ҧһڼ֪Ϊʲô˵ĻЩֵֹġ
˻˼Ҳû⣬ֻ΢΢һЦĵ˵ͷ
ʵŮǲôģʫʵ͵Ůжģ˸ߣȫҲ˱ϡ
Ҧ˱ҲҦңʵʮֵۺҪԸҦҵˣ͵ȿһҦұĿ£ұҦҲ֮ʵҲһСˣο߻ͳ½쾳ڱ
ƣĵһˣҺͻĸ߲֮ĹϵǷǳι̣ҪԸƣζֱӴ˱߲񾭣ĺɲŭҦ֮ļܹġ


898 ֵ
߼Ů֮ȥһ۵ĻأöڼӴȹעһʫϼҸʲô쳣Ҫ̽׷٣ͬʱҲ༸ŮıȼӴ
ȻҦˡƼߵıȫԼļŮ⣬༸Ůķļǿˡ
뿪ۻ֮󣬿ų˱׼ȥ˾Ǳ߿Ѿ죬˰׼չ⣬ҪȥǱߵΣϾұʵɲ⣬ͨ󣬹⿿һӦġ
۵Ѿǰפ˾˾ЩֻսʿǿߣиִװԼȽ豸ʹãǿߣԵЩߣԷǿҲһлʹãʵĲࡣ
տųʮӣ½ͻȻ˵绰
½ϸ磬һʲô飿
˵绰Цת·̣ͺתһԲĻߣתһɵϼʻ
ϵܣûпգ
½Եúǽ
пգôˣ
ֵʵ
Ͻһֵļңˡ
½æ˵
ֵ죿
΢΢һ㶣̻صãھ̸Ϲȥ
Ҷ˵绰ͺ֨ѽһڵ·ϻһ޴Բֱӻ˶淽гȻһ죬漴ȫʧ˵·ͷ
ֵ죬˸ӡ̣Ȼ½ȥֻһ棬Ƕ֮ˣȴѾ岻ѡ
ԭֵҲǱŵˣϧΪƢ̫걻ϳ˱ţĴֵеõһʮ书֮ȴǳ˲С⣬ÿһʱͻʧԴ󷢵֢״
ǵʵǿһǴ֮϶ɼƻֵѰһطʼӣڵ¼һ᲻ɴݵÿҪԴ󷢵ʱ򣬾ͽԼֱָǲŻ뿪ҡ
긴һֵ꣬һֱԼûмᶨ֮֮ģ޷һҲΪʲôֵԭڡ
ȻҲֵ죬ֻϧǸʱʵȽϲ书µֺܹ죬ûаֵϵ⣬û뵽½ͻȻ˵ֵˣжʱһֲõԤС
ֵҲӦҪֵϵƣڵʵ˵Ѿ˺ܴİտҽֵ죬ֻΪ̫࣬һʱûбϣû뵽ôһֵǱ߾ȻѾˡ
ͺһ·Ÿ·һСʱĹѾϵ˽ֵ֮ǰһֱӵǴСԺӡ
ʱԺѾͣͺչˣŵļǰһĿĳӣֱӳ֮ǲŷ沿ı飬ĬĬĻص˸ԭĵطʼ
ϵܣˣ
½ԺͺոֱߵԺӵſڣȥ
ʲô飬½ϸ磿
߱ʵ
ֳˣѾҹ
ݹһζ½ֱӽԺеķݣľǴңҲֵƽʱĵط
ûȥմľŵһŨصѪ֮üͷʱ΢΢һ壬ɻĿ½
ȥ֪ˡ
½̾˿ͷȥҲɻĸȥ˵Ӱܿʧб¥֮ϡ
˳¥һ·ߣʵ̨ϵѪ¥ھͷ·һҾ徵ĴɱһǼսµĲ״
ܿ˾͵˵֮УڵüͷԵһЩ˵״ңƺǿе˺壬ÿ˶ѾΣ֫ҵɢҿһ׳һ
۾һ̱һζѵĴִĿ⣬ֵסԼãÿµһɱⱬʱԼɹΣѾ׵ĶˣӷëߵĶǱǿгϵģǱϡ
Щ嶼Ѿ˼ˣûֵ壬ֻţѾܳѾַӣȴûлʲô鷳ҪȻˣѾء
½̾˿һȦ˵
½ϸ磬ô֪ģ
˵ͷ½ʵ
иھӱ˵ǰҹֵȻо鿴ϵͳڱǵ˷ˣͱŽˣֵ֪ס̾ʹ˸˹
½ĽһܿͰȥˡ
Ѫ֮£кǿϢƯｻֵ˲ͨߣзǳǿ쾳߲飬һϢϤϸϢһϢǺİûиܹӦþǶϸֵǸˣϢ͸ʮаζӦħ֮ˡ
۾ϸĸӦһ˵
ô˵ĻȷʵϮˣ벻ѾôãȴǱܲķվǾ˽
̾˿½εҡҡͷ
ͷ֮е˶ɱĻЩͨҲˣϸʵôǿߣǿ϶޿ɱܵģϾǰоͺܳҪ׵ô򵥵һ¡
Ҳ΢΢̾Ϣһȥ׷һ⸽ܲʲôϢϸڵκΣգԷбĻһ˿϶ľ֧ҪҵȻȥС
ҲôǵģԲ㾡
½˵ͷ뿪ңصԺ
ͨ˶ĵ绰ö̵⸽еļʩѾǽдΧѲ顣
½ȥˣźŸԵļû˱˵һЩЩпǹֵϾ˲һЩ󣬺пֵܾȸɵģֻǳԽ˳˵֪Ϊǲܵѡ
˱ŵȫѲ飬ټ϶ϣһεʱֵԺΪģܿٵķ˿
Ϣٴ麣һ㳯űŻ۶ЩϢȫ˶УЩϢȫٵŸֻҪһ˿ɻ̾ͺͱŵϵñŷ澡ȥʵ


899 ׷
ЧĹ״̬£СʱĹ򣬶Ǳ߾ѾϢ
Ѿȷһܵн·ߣڴͣյڱߵĶɽﴦ˹ܻ״̬ûװԹ۲أҲܸӣ޷ЧĶλͷ
һ֮󣬶ֵܵн·ͼ˹
ͼʾֵ뿪߲֮ϵػǰУԼ˽ʮ·;ŵԭֻʮԶĶɽһȻδ̬ȦܵϸܿصĵطϽͨ˽Խǲɷ
ɽ־ȻȥȷʵΣӦ׼ԸˣȻֻܵĽҰĵط
½һ۵ͼɫص˵
ɽƽʱ˹ȥ
½ʵ
һȻ̬ҵʱԭ̬ıԽԽˣԹٷĸֹͨ˽Խ룬ﵽʲôҲ˵á
½˵ͷ
ԭϸǹܿ˶ĵطΪ˽Щȥ˼ɽ鷳ˣȥǸɽҿǴ˽ɽܱߵĵشȫ䣬ҪŹκοɵˣ书ˡ
΢˼һ˵ڷͷжϸǱ߲֪ôҲѾˣþҵС
ãô죡̲֣ɽΧеĵط
½̵ͷ
ʱ½ҲֻˣֵΪ飬ͱŵĹϵʵ̫ã֮ĹϵҲһ㣬ֻ½ֵ˹ϵߵĺֵܽ㱨ȥ˵żȣҪȣһֵ֮ҲѾȲˡ
̬˽£һָϽȥֵУּĸҪ쾳ϣڱڣ½ȻҲʶλ쾳֣ǴطϹҲҪһʱ䣬书ߵ˾ˡ
ʵΪˣ½ûаĻɣֵ֪֮һʱʹۼ֤һһǿߡ
ͺԶȥˣ½ŬĽЩӰ˵˼ȫ˦ԺʼķԸеľܿͱȫ˶ɽ
һ˵ȶеܿ͸ϵ˶ɽֱ߹ģǿųȻֵȥҪöࡣ
ɽλڶıߣλÿʼȥһƬ಻ɽڶɽķΧһȻϿˣҰ̬ĺܺãͨ˽ɽҪðźܴΣա
ֵȻǲЩ飬Ͼʵô߳Ѿ쾳ľ磬ڵĹӦñǸʱֻ߲ͣɽֶ˵棬ִҪõöˡ
óֻһɽķֲͼѡ˶ṩпܽĵطֱ˶ɽ̤Ѱֵ·;
һɽַ·˲䱻һ㣬ָ궯Ϣ̾ʧӰ٣ȡ֮ɽдеľƽ˵ϢɭŨϢһʵĿ·嶼ܸоеˮڲϵĽڵϸ
ϼӱȻ̬Ǻ̫ˡ
˼۾̬Ѿƻĺˣõԭʼɭ֮٣֮˵֮ˡ
пפһ֮һѾʧԭأٵĽ˶ɽѰֵټ
ͨ˵һƬ޴ԭʼɭһˣڴ룬ѰֱͷӬһ㣬֪￪ʼȫûͷ
˵ĻﷴˮĵطϤĵطʱ󲿷ֵʱ䶼ɽֵطĻ仯ǳС
˵ڳûʲôܹܿļӣΪٿеطļأôڶɽɽûҲĶֻҪĴƬɽС
ʶȫſµ֮Ӵʶ̸Χĵط޴еı仯ԺУÿһͬѰĵطռϢ˲ǷƬɽȻ仯
ҵˣ
һ߲ϵļߣһѲʶеĵطֹǷǳ˵ģΪԲڵĻкܶıҪ˲Ϣ֮ЩӴϢһķֹҪǿ֧ţҪͨеĻԴһӾֱӻȥˡ
ΪɽܴһʼûֱӽɽȥѰңȥĻЧ̫ͣҪȷֵǴһطĶɽȻǱ߿ʼ𣬲ٶҵֵ١
˳ŶɽΧɽһȦСʱĹѾҵһƵټٵĸ˹ȥ
һò£һСݴʱžѵڵϣ·Сģʶɨȴķе
СݵľѸĵϣһϸ΢İݣ⴦ݳֳԲװϿխĽǰκƣͨ˵ѾǱȽɽˣǶһָ˵ȴǲʲô
Χ⴦ƵĺۼڷԲϸŲһȦֲûƺۼƺӡƾճģ֪ǲܵ飬ӡһ˽˶ɽµģطûκټһǸṦָ֡
ͨ˽ɽڣ˵ܵĺܿˣҲǺѵһ£Ҫ벻κټǲܵ飬˵ѾǶɽȦĵطһӡԿ϶һָġ
ḽĿûŵʲô쳣ϢѪζҲ޷˵ϲûѪѾطһûнѪζ
ϣϸµĺۼϸӦúѣ֪ºۼ׷١
վһŶɽ˹ȥļֵӦѾ˶ɽԲðͣΧķΧѲҲѣڶʱѰǿݡ
˳Ǵµĺۼһ·ǰУΧʶٵԺвϵķųŽ˶ɽڲֵĽź۳ֵԽԽƵˡ
ϸӦЩ֧ˣµĽӡѾʼˡ
ͣΣһ걻Сݣ˵


900 
ҹʱ֡
ҹĶɽԵķǳżһ֮⣬¹͸ïܵԣڿ˵ɫĹߣһɫĹߣƬɭֱһȻ
ʱĶɽʪأϾïܵĴֵشֲˮƬɭֶʮŨܵˮ֮УһȻַ·һˮĸоɼˮжôķḻ
Ʈɭûзһ·˾һӰһ㣬ֻ״û
۾ȻһֱڿǰʶѾȫ۲Ÿϸ΢仯Ϣһ֮󣬻ָһĵ֮ſʼѰҲһֱȫ֮ǱȺľҪΣյ顣
ݰѰҵټȷλãѾܽӽֵĲ֮¾ֵ죬ԼЩ׷ֵˣѡϢĿϸµļ
ʱʶͻȻһһӰԺ֮У˲Ϣ֮䣬ûκοǵԭʧӰ١
ʮϢĹӰһǰһĳղķλ˶һɫֵۣٶȿľˣҺһϢ·һֵͻȻˡ
֣ӦôʧˣѵҸоˣ
һӰҲ鿴һЩɻĵʵ
ǰɣ̫ˣһֵ쳣Ϊʲô
һӰǰ˵
Ӧòᰡ˶ʶ鿴ЩԾǷͷѰһûʲô
ǰĺӰҡҡͷԼĸоǾʶ鿴ĻǾ˵쾳ֵˡ
ðɣȥǱߣȥߣԭĵطϡ
һӰ˵ͷһͷֳ򣬿ٵĳŸĵطѰ
һӰ뿪˲ӵĹϢĳ˸ղǸطǰŵλãתԴϸĹ۲һ
ûˣĪɹˣ
һ˼䣬ǵӰһ뿪ˡ
ǵӰʧ֮һӰϢĳԭأǰʧǵӰʧķ¶һ˿ص顣
Ȼ쾳ĸڴˣҹͣϸ˴鷳
΢΢ҡҡͷ̾˿
ղ֮ͻȻʧΪʶɨĵطһ쾳ߣʶһ֪˵ʵ;磬һ쾳ڳʱϵѡ˳Ρ
ڻûҵֵ죬ܺЩħ̵ĸֶһѰֵʱ䣬ֵ˷ѵʱ䣬ǿɾˡ
һӦ˲ˣ˲ջʶϢܹ쾳ֵĲ̽
֪쾳Ҳǲֵ죬Ҫӿ첽Щ˳϶ԵɵģֵĿԸߴųϣϵϢͳһͲˣħ쾳֣ûȤ׽ԲصϷ
ħ쾳ֵȥ̽ʱٵĳ˽ȥСʹʶ̽Ÿ
һĹѾ쾳˦󣬾֪벢ǺԶ쾳ҪϹףҲǱһпܻҵֵ졣
ȻϣϸѰ˴Сʱ֮ǰĿһ˿Ϣ֮󣬾ͨҩ̾ͷֱĳ˵ҩζ⸽ʹ˵ĵҩֵҩԲɢϢ
ϵſǲ΢ĵҩϢôһ·ǰϵػصƣҵһ׳Ĵ
˺ϱϸԵ쳣Ĵ׳ȻѾ֪˶꣬Ϸʵǣʮңէһͷ·ʷǰɭһ
ڴص˼ȦϸıſеĵҩϢȷɢҩζԴͷ
ǰһɣ¶ûʲôֻ֦һ޴ڣΧûʲôԲ˵ĵطȴֵɢҩϢһʱ뵽᲻пյġ
Щ̫֮Ϊɹڴ׳ĶʼĿնеӪʹ䶼Ƥʵһ֧ã˵ĴֵɣĿյһЩҲǺ顣
ˡˡˡ
˼ɣյʱ˳Ѿ˿ն
üͷΪΧûзκαΪƻļҪٵҪһڣƾվôӴıֱӴ˽ȥϾǵ򣬲Ƿе硣
鿴һ֮ͷ̧߶׼˴֦Ҷïڣ¶һ˿˼顣
ǰ׷ֵʱͻֵһֱԾǰУߵϵĻµĺۼôϡ٣֮ԵϵĺۼԽԽ࣬ӦΪƷ㣬޷ľԶԾ
뵽һ㣬һݣ˳Ŵ׳ɿٵȥһĹ͵֮ϣ֦ɢҶɸǵܹ㣬ûЩֱ֦ӵڵλôïܵҶ֮¶·һŵ
ȻˣôĶѾˣһпյͨ
ĵ˵ͷ¶һ˿Ȼ飬һţֱӻпյ֮ڣ˳ķɿȥ
ûصʱʶ͸Ӧ·һϵϢʮֵҪǶʶоʲôϢɢȣҲͲһѡ
䵽ɵĵײͳֻ˵ƹһǰ಻ǱˣѾ֪Զõֵ졣
һʱûֵڵӺԭȿǲԶˣһӵӣҲǸϰʮнľһʹէһۼҲЩϡ
ֻŵƹⶪһԣʼΪֵһֵ̽壬üͷ̾һ塣
ʱֵѾеľ˿ҲȫܵشֵΪǿ󣬶һʲô֪ĵҩڵסˣûбøҲûбĸãһֱ·ʱ䱻һ
ȻصˣôԶҲΪϸˡ
̾˿ҡҡͷ


901 
ֵڣʱѾصһ˵ĵز˵Ǽѣв̶ͬȵˣصƢѾƣǿһЩǿо£ţѾɢ˿
ڳֵ챾˵⣬ԲͬʾʮֵĲб䣬ԾͿԸܳ˿϶ҲʲôˣˣԱȻҲʮˡ
ͷһ뵽ħ쾳֣ǺǵȽҲ¾ϣϾֵ컹ţǲ˻˵
Ҫֵѹʱ򣬲ܴĿϸڳֵԼ⣬Ҳû֪ʱʲôΪֵסȽƫƧûôִ豸豸ȻҲûеġ
Ϊֵڵ֮ʱϢӰ֮ǰӦʶˣһ·Ѱ֮Ҳҵ⸽ϸļ顣
ǹ£ֵصˣȻôԶ
һӰĴѲһȦЩֵʵ
ʲôֵģ쾳ˣǸûѹ׵ı£ֵ˵ͼʲôطʱ˹һܵĸԶһЩҲϡ棬磬Ƴѹסġ
һӰٺһЦҡҡͷ
Ȼô˵ôȥǵʱɾͺܽˣʱͲࡣ
ǰЩŭ˵
ˣ֪ɣֵָ֣˶ûʲôˣѾõĽˣȻΪ׵ľץסһ쾳ĸ֣
һ˺ٺһЦǰ˵ļ򣬿˿֮˵ֻܼˣֵܸκλָƵĻᣬȻƻҲָˣܵĸԶԼҲ鷳𣿡
˵ҲǣҰɣȡ֮ǰҵ
ǰ˵˵ͷһͼǰѲ˿һҲٺһЦһݸȥ
ȵߵԶ֮ڿﱧֵ죬˳ſɿٵĳڶȥ֮ϵʱ򣬱һ·һݾͳŶɽΧٵĸ˹ȥ
ǰʱΪҪֵټߵĺͣͣһڴǾͼ򵥶ˣṦʩչСʱʱѾӽ˶ɽΧ⻹Ǳһ˵¡
뿪˶ɽ֮󣬽ֵͺյĺϣųɿĳʫϵļҸ˹ȥŷʥҩڣĴطֵϵưҲʹһ֡
ֵƣ͵ҽԺȥѾûбҪˣҽԺֻҪһ飬϶ͻ϶ֵѾ֮ʣõĴ֪ͨ׼£ҽûѾ漣ˡ
ֵϵ˵Ҳ֣ȻӲǱʲôֵҩЧˣƾûм񻯣ԵµƼ񻯵ĻֵĹҲ֧Ų̫ˡ
Ŀǰֵ뻹ټָʮңֵҩɾԵúˣȻֵܹصƿסһ˼飬ֵҲô򵥵
ʱ绰֪ͨ½ȥʫڵĵַҲ˹ȥ˾ͷͬʱҲ֪ͨʫϣʰһ䷿䣬Ҫ没ơ
Ĺʾӣӵĵ绰ʫϴҹ̾Ϳʼʰһͷŷ޺͸һɻ
ʫϣҹĲ˯ʲôأʰ
æµʫϣֵʵ
˵ҪһƣǺصӡ
ʫһʰ䣬һ߻ͷ˵
Ҫһ˹
ŷֵһۣһҡҡͷǶ֪«ʲôҩȻ˵ҪǾ͹ˡ
ûõʱ䣬Ժ˼ٵĽŲŷ޺͸Ųʱüͷһ塣
ǷǳƧĵطϲ˻󴳽ģŲ˵ļ٣Ȼڸ·Īӣ
ŲԶܿ͹Ժӵţһȥ߹ûʱ򣬽ŲͻȻֵͣͷ˻Ժӵſͣŷ޺͸ʱĿԺӵĴš
һ̣ԺӵĴһн
ȥ
˸ߵԺſڣĴԺš
ʣʫСļ𣿡
վ½ӵ֪ͨ̾͸ṩĵַ˵ʫϾסĵط
ʫϣ½Ȼ֪ģŮξĹϵܲһ㣬ԺӵһֵȴǸװˣ½ʱ΢΢һ㶣Щɻʵ󻹿һǽ϶ŵƺš
ȷʵʫϵļңǣ
ſվŵˣϸ´һͬЩɻʵ
ǰ𪣬Ƥ͸׺һǳõӣԵļһ֮ߣֻΪЩͰˣϵƣȴһŵķ緶һͲͨˡ
ѣӵĵ绰һλԱ͵ҽΡ
ȷʫϵļң½ʱ˿ûҴط
ԭСֵѣ
һѣ¶һĨ΢Ц½ȥ
ѾѾ
Ķʫæ˳һȴ˲һİˣҪ˵ĻʱȻֹ
Сãѣ½ǽӵϢġ
½һԼò΢΢һЦ
ã½ȥһ衣
ʫϲ˲֣Ц˵תصȥˡ
½롣
΢΢һڣ½Ժʯϣ½ȻǸһ˹ȥ
ԭ½ʱ򣬻Ϊʫһ˾סû뵽ȻڣһλˣλһͶͨˣȻǸŷޣ½ʲôֱ˶ܲ򵥡
ǵһμ½ҲСֵѣŵģ֪Сôż͵Աʲôˣ
˶֮󣬸½Цʵ
ҵһλѣ챻ˣԭס뿪ˣҾ͸ϽСȥѰһһֱڲŵõϢѾСҵˣھڸ·ϣСֵ˼ӦƼء
ᵽֵ죬½ʱ΢΢һ̾˿


902 
ӦˣСżӦƲֹۣСҽ裬Ӧ˽Ŷԡ
˵ͷҲӦƷǳزŶԣȻڴط裬ôĴҹҪˣȵڶҲǲٵġ
ڲ²ҲûʲôãõȵСֹ֪˵ҲܰһЩæ
ŷһڵ˵һĵȻ
֪ŷ޵ݣһʥҩιȻ⻰ʲô⣬½֪ǰ˵ݣȻҲ֪˶ǳԴʥҩǴũϵľѧڵҩҽʮָ߳裬Ϊֻڰοѡ
ҲǣڵҲûʲôõģֻСֻ֪ˡ
½˵ͷȻô˵޷ϵĵ飬ֵҲֻһˣľİæĻֵǾصľˡ
˵ŻĹʫһ½ȻŲ豭ûкȲֻǶŲ豭ķһƲ飬ŷ޺͸һۣ΢΢ҡҡͷѾǸ˵˱Ȼ½Ĺϵһ㣬һ˿ɲ˵ĵġ
СʱĹңԶĵطһĺںҹԶٵ￿£
Сֳˣ
½͵̧ͷվ˵
ȷСˡ
ŷ޵˵ͷ
ߵſڣԺӵĴŴ˿ſŲþͼһ˳˽û˴кͼææĳ
䣬Ѿʰˡ
ʫæǸʰõķŷҲŽ˷䡣
֣
ֵڴǸδӣ½æȥֵ֣סҡš
½ϸ磬ûõģϸѾȻ״̬ϵ̫ˣӼӳ֮ϸһ·˶ɽɽ潫ϸҵģܵľɲ֮ǿ˹ôԶѾ˼صĳ̶ȣĵҩѾˡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿
ʲôҩ
ںʵһ˵ҩʥҩ˶̲סϾóľܹ˵סһ浤ҩȻҪһˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôҩϸڵѾֹͣˣƺҩǿֹˣͣ˷µҩһ̡
ҡҡͷȷʵ֪һʲôҩ
Īǣֵҩ
ŷ޵һǰ˴ֵ
סֵʱŷ޵üͷͽֻոڣ͸ֵܵĶӣ˻ѾˣֵܻڣΪǿԭ⣬ĵҩӵҪá
һϸļŷ޻ķſֵ
ҲµĹȻȻǱݣ
һ˿ɫŷ޵˵ͷ
ݣ
Ҳһ㶣ݵĴȻ֪ġ
ƹԪҩݾǱݣϾһ꣬һǴıݣҩֻڿຮ֮أһƬҶӾͿӳʮµĴޡ
һıݣʮƬҵҶӣֻҪһƬҶӣһ˴֮˶ʮ£ؼʱǾĺöȻ˶õġ
ͬǱݣдȥ֣ͨժıݣΪ뿪˿ຮ֮أܿͻʧȥֻķʽҩԣȵҪʱʹãֱݵҶӾǿֹƵĶ񻯡
һŵıݣֵԶԶϾıݣ̺˸ǿҩڲժ֮һʱҩƣͿƳĹԪ
ԪʹûŵıƣǿҩԾ˾ĻָֻҪһùԪ֮󼸺ͿԽȬųϣʢѾõĴ浤ҩѾʧˣǳĺѾӵбݺܾˣ޷ƹԪΪûеԭ
ҩʮֵĿ̣ʥҩʼûа취ֲҩ֮һԼҩԣֲ˴ҩݣһЩǳҩȴôֲģûа취Ϊ̫ˡ
ŷ޵˵ͷһֵ˵ǷһƬݵҶӣڵƣѾ֧Ųȥˣܻڶһ漣صƣ֮ǰһս
½ŷһۣŷ޵ĻУܸоŷݵĲֲܹҩݵҩԣɲһܹӦĶҪӴڱ֧ţԴԴϵֲЩ˵ֲˣܱܲסЩҩݻ˵
ʿ˵һϺõҩݼ͵һȻ˱ĶûоԵʵЩеԽ࣬ԽԼ鷳
ڶɽҵϸʱҲĴѰҵħˣ˶쾳ǿߣϸɲͬ£ҲµûĻӦþµˡ
̾˿ΪϸƲ飬ˣʲôϧֻȾϸˡ
Ƶ󲻵ãСĴطҵҽӦкܴİձסҪָӦҲ̫⣬û֮ǰҲ¶ۣĽҪ֮
ŷɫһ
С֣λǰǣ
ʹ˸ɫ½ŷ޹˹֣ŷ޵ĻвѿֵƻǺаյģȻĻȻҪһˡ
˸½ϸһˣλǸϣʥҩ쾳֡
Цָָ˵
ԭʥҩĸˣʧ
½һʱϲʥҩһֱǳأҲôе飬ʹǱŶǵļҲǺ޵ģϾ޷̫еĽӴⲢʥҩ˽⣬Ǵũﴫģڵҩҽʮ־˵ĴС
ҵҵ
˰֣΢΢һЦ
λŷǰҲʥҩˣŷǰݿɲ򵥣ʥҩĹѾͨľ֣
˸ֽһŷޣ½ɫŷ޵Ȼ˼ĳ
½ŷ
ʹ½ڱŵˣԼ컪еǶ쾳ĸ֣ǻҪ൱أͨĸ֣ôǱҲҪ־֣ʹ˵ʵǱҲԸЩ˽


903 
ض񣬴ҶСֵѣôˡ
ŷ޵ʮֵͣΪ½ѣŶ½ҲǺѺõӡ
ŷǰϣλ½ҲǴ·ˣһѧѧ֮½ϸĴڣ½ϸ籾½֮ˣΪһЩСìܣ뿪½ңǱŶֲĸˡ
ŷ޺͸½ܸˣҲôҶԸԵݻϤһ
ԭС½Ǳŵˣѹҵһۼ;ʮֵĲ
΢΢һЦŷ޵Լʵƺ½һС½Ȼûκ⡣
С½ƺʲôˣȻɫڵİһֱûȬ
ŷϸĴһ½üͷ΢ʵ
ŷȻ棬ҵȷʵһЩˣʱµģҲ˵˺ֻ֮ܶ࣬ͼʵĻҲǺˡ
½Цһҡҡͷ
Ŷʱµİˣ
ŷüͷһ壬ʱµİˣôʱ䣬ҪҲһѵˡ
½ϸ˵Ĳڵİȷʵе鷳ҪƵĻҲûʲôգԲϵ˽죬½ϸİ˵ûʲôϵϸһ˿Ҫһˡ
˵ͷŻԲѵֵ˵
С˵ĲҵİûйϵԺܽҲνˣؼҪסֵ
½æ˵ͷڵİ˹ȥô꣬綼ѾϰˣҲνҲΣҲûϵ
ֵƣȥĻ¾Ҫˣ뾡չƣ֤İȫ
أҽεĻҪʱȽϳСھͺðˣֻҪСֵĴطΪҵƷΪƵʱӦ̺ܶ࣬ЧҲҵҩϺܶࡣ
ŷѰ˼һ˵
ǾŷСˣ
½дϲڵĻվѾˣټһʥҩĹѾͨŷޣֵƻָ͸ӵаˣ˵ʮþˡ
Ҳãʩչطŷǰһƣ˫£ЧӦܼӿ첻١
˵ͷȡǸ߰ڴ̯¶泤̲һʮ롣
һ£СּȻôطôʹõȻԽ߼Խãʥҩһĵ룬ƵĴĴԣĪİҲֻСͨĵ˲ʸʹҾ˽͹
óĹߣŷͻȻЦ˵
ǾͶлŷˡ
΢΢һЦҲƴǣȷʵҪһϺõĹߣڵĹѾĸҪˡ
ʱʹ׹߰ɣһʱҲͲ
ƴǵ˵룬ŷҲ¶һЦݣٰƴǣﲻʹˣ˵ûнԼˡ
ȺһЩҺŷƵʱ򣬲Ҫκ˿ǣʲô⡣
ӣ׼ʼʩչطֵ·ȥˣ¶˺۵ϰ
½Լʫ˵⣬վſھĿš
΢΢˫ۣϢһ֮鸡İϣָһڵǣ΢΢ζһֵ֮ͣϷ̲һֱ׼˲ͬѨλ󾲾˰С
ŷһĿЩڰе룬ϾȻڴطϵĲҲͣǲûôĹʩչЩططвɢ˶ĿĹʺ;˵Ч
Щһ֮۾Ӵڷӵ˲ͰֵȫЩɲǼͻΪ˵ɫĹߣֵϿٵĴÿһѨλͣʱ䲻ᳬһգ۵ʱ䣬뽻֯һƬ⣬ֵΧ
΢࣬Ķֵ壬ʶȫϵɨڵ˳ԴԴϵӿֵȫ
Ȼ˻ֱǲ˼飡
ܵɽһľ޴ŷҲа̾һѹ˵ԪͯĶ֣ʵ츳ͨѾûеˣĽ
Ĵطʩչʹ濴ŵĸҲ½Ҳһı飬طʩչѾֻһѧˣһص˲С
ֻʫϣ飬֪ŬطһԭΪΪڵĹֲԲŬȥ;׿Խĳɾ͡
ʫҲ֪ľôǵģԴĽھһ֮Ͳ˶Ѿ˱仯ǰЩͬˣЩȥ⣬һ⣬ͻԶʧȥ
ֽһʫĿ⸴ӵĿϰµҲ֪Щʲôڴʱ˿עֵϣûע⵽ʫϵ쳣
С֣޸ͽɣҪָľ
ʱŷͻȻ˵ˡ
û˵ֻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷû뿪ֵ壬ŷ޲أǴʱ˿̫ķ񣬿ƴطҪķѼطӵЧΪнҪҪ
Ĳٿ£ƫֵóλøŷʩչƣǽֻҪķе˾λá
Ѿ׼ŷһն׼ֵ壬һʵޱȵɢ˳ӿֵ塣
Ȼʣȴһ쳣ǿ֮ӿܿȴǸԶܲʹǲܷҲ¶һ˿ɫ
ҩũһѧܽǿ֮һûһľʮҩѾ˵ˡ
õŷ޵֧ţֵڵڿٵ޸УǽЩ޲ˣֵΪ͸֧ǱɵҲһ޸ˣչֳҩǿĻָ
ֵָͬĽȣĵ˵ͷӴٶȶʱӿˣȫ޸ϸѵľ
Ȼǵһκˣ޷˶ĿǾ˵ĸߣȻǵӦ֡


904 ԭ
ʱĻţ¶ǰףɫѾ΢΢𣬴ƿʼѾ֪ĹȥĸСʱ
ŷޣΪֵڵƻ޲ȫľѵԵֵһ쾳ȫҲ쳣ۻ˿֧ˣʩչطôʱ䣬ûǿ֮ں֧ţǾ޷ġ
ŷ޾Ͳ˵ˣκֵ͸֧Ǳָܻ˹ʹõȫԼľû˿ֶҲֻͨĸֲʩչˣһ˵Ļܹ޸ѾǺܲ׵ˡ
̫ȫӶʱŷֹͣ˶ֵƣ֮ҲͣˣЩٷһͣǣԶ˲С
˶չˣһֱȺĸҲ߽ŷ޺˿ǷǳƣֻǱ󣬾ĵĲǷǳ޴󣬵ȴǸӵء
ʱֵھСʱ֮ɫѾһˣһнľģǱһķɫҲ͸ǿϢ
ҪϢһŻתҺŷЩ޴ȥָһ
İ΢΢һЦŷ˵侲Ϣȥˡ
½ֵߣֵ˰ɫʱһϲʱֵڵѾȫָʲô쳣ĵطǳ׵ĸԭˡ
ԼʱһֱԲѵֵ죬ָͻȻ΢΢Ķһ£һֱԱ߾½ע⵽ϸ΢ľٶʱվߵֵߡ
ȻûһĹֵͻ˫ۣһ۾Ϳվڴߵ½
½ô
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֣ҪǼʱľ㣬ڿѾһ˹ʬҰˡ
½ҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ
԰Ҽǵˣһֱܵ˶ɽһпյĴʧȥʶôᵽطˣҵң
½ôһѣֵʱ飬ڰ
ȷʵңҵ;ȴң̫ˣҪŷˡ
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ҵңŷ˭
ֵЩԺ˭֪ģʵҲ֪һЩſ֮ѵһĸ֣һû˵
ŷʥҩĵΪѾͨǵһһľ֣СҲѾ쾳۷徳磬Ҫ־㣬һƿǸ鷳
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½˵ͷˣʲôҪԸ㣿ôǸģ
ǷСһ飬С־ȵˡ
ֵЦһҡҡͷ˵ǰ˵ҲǺӦħ̵ˣҵҵϣ˵Լǳ鷳顣
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ʱȥμһᣬкܶŶֻ֮Ķ֪ûµʱһϲЩȻͷˣͿЩһ񡣡
ֵǴεϣһͭů¯ʱҲ֪ΪʲôҪҲΪ¯ϵĵ̺ӡҰɣҾʹؼˣ֪Ǹͭů¯ȻƬɺԵҶӣҲѯ˴ϣշЩҶӾȻǱݵҶӣ
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ݵҶǵĻ֪ԭҵģѾˣǱҺᵶˣһСĽ뿪ʱʹЩֶΣûб׷ϣͭů¯ص˶Ⲩ˾һֱů¯䣬ҵҵͷϡ
ֵ̾˿ÿһɱʢʱľͽԼ˵ЩסûҵҵˣһѲ֮ͷ˵ҵܣͱǸģɱʢ֮µҸûκεĽʹ
С˵ȥʱ򣬼ħ̵쾳ҲѰ㣬ǲ쾳ĸֶԸ㣿
½˵ͷʵ
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ֵһ˿⣬Ҫұֽţ˵ز֮ΣСˣ޳ܣ
ѹôصˣʵҺ˽⣬ͬʱΧ㣬ߵĻҲûκģԭȺøɱӡ
½Ȼĵͷɱʱôʶѵ˶ɽ
ұ֮ʢɱѾˣΪڵ̫ء㣬Եɱ޷ȥһ⣬Ѿһӿɲ״ӱ˵ѡ
ֵԳһЦָ֮ʩչطŻ˳ȥһ·򱱷ȥм仹䣬Ϊ˧ˡ
һлǺЧģ˵ȥʱûĸӦΧ֮ڣ˱ˣĲᣬȻôҵ˶ɽǰһЩҵ㣬Ž˳
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û뵽СֵʵѾôǿˣȻѾ쾳۷徳ҽ쾳ʱûжãҲͼʱ䣬ʼĽ׶ΪٶȿһЩ⣬ʱʮֵĻⲻ֪Сֵزġ
ʮָп̾һֵ˫һתѾ˴ϡ
ѾָĲˣµˣоôϸ磿
ֵµصʱһϤ


905 Ԫ
С֣
ֵͷһ̧ÿһλ˼һ߽ʱɫһϲ˸λˣλǣ
ϸ磬һ£λǰΪŷޣʥҩιϸƣŷҲ˴ϸûôͻָ
ЦŽһŷλֵ죬½ϸ֮
ֵŷ
֪ǰ˼ҾʥҩĹֵվһ
ͨĸ֣ĵҲûмľ֣˵쾳ƾ츳Ļôͨľ磬ͺ츳ûʲô̫ĹϵˣǶԼ츳ٺãҲпһӶ쾳
ؿҶСֵѣͺãҲǰˣûôĹء
ŷ΢΢һЦѣʮֵĿϾǿϣֵͨݣ࿴˻ûм
ˣҸղ˵ݵ飬ôħ̵ΪǵĻˣ
Цʵ
Щ˾ұݵģϧǸʱѾɱû˵ʲôҲݽǻô顣
ֵ˵ͷ
һЩ˿ħˣҲǱݣһɱڣħ̺ɲһǵѡ񡣡
ȴǲֵͬ뷨ҡҡͷ
Ҳɣһûܱܹȥԭסĵط϶ǲٻȥˣѾħ̵˶ˣڶɽûҵң϶ȥţֱ֪ҵΪֹ
ֵ̾˿εĻ˻Դ
´ƽңħ֮һսǲɱˣֻоǿʵܸõδĽѣҪûʲôϣġ
΢΢һЦҿϸΪϴ־࣬书ͦġ
书ǲÿһεɱȴЩܲˣֳôӣ
ֵЦһûж˵ʲô
⣬ϸȴǲõˣѹûã϶ûϸļһɣڿΣ
صһЦû˵ʲôֵֻԼһ
ֵ콫ŽɵĿһĿϸĲ鿴ڲһ鿴ʱ˫һϲɫ
ǸȱݾȻѾ޸ˣԺҲٱɱˣ
˷ܵȭͷֵһЦ
ýȫ˵Ļᣬҽеľһ飬ѾʱԾˣٵɱʧȥʶˡ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ϵ֮ţȻ뵽취ŹȱݣһĻٶȻ࣬һã
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ˣС֣ϻбݵҶǰɣ
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ŷȷʵƬݵҶӡ
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ŷ޶ʱЦȻֵѣҪʱﻹûʲô׵ģϾݵҶ൱ڱĹܣʹƺأҲʮңһܱʱ䣬ܶʱôоȣͲһʱ䣬ֵܾˣҲǿԽܵģϾݿǷǳѵ䡣
ŷ̫ˣҪʲôҩҿ͸ʥҩƬ֮ãŷһһûкúõĸлŷ
ֵҡҡͷЦŴӻͳһĽӣ浹ƬɿݳֻƺɫϸҶӣҶϸ΢İɫëǱҶӣƬݾ͸ŷˣŷ£
⣬С֣ҺСֵԸ飬Ҫ㱨ʲôݵļֵȷʵܸߣͨĵҩҲȲϱݵҶӣҪɣƳɹ֮ҽҩһЩ㿴Σ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣Ц˵
һеƾŷ๬
ֵҲЦƬݵҶӵݸŷޡ
һԿŵͻȻһŷޣһ˿⡣
ˣŷ֪ʥҩйԪƵ
ȵŷƬݵҶ֮Цʵ
ԪȻеģߵȼļֵ֮һϧҪҩĵȱʧһֱ޷ƣܶ൤ҩʥҩȻб棬ϡ٣һʹ˾Ͳˡ
ŷ޵˵ͷЩź̾˿ݵҶȻҲƺܶ־Чĵҩǻ޷ƹԪǹԪҪ䷽֮һ
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֪ҪƹԪݱǴ״̬ѾϾֻǱҩԵıҶǲеģǱڿຮ֮أһ뿪ֻ̾ͻήҪƹԪǺѵһ£ڹԪ֪Ѿһʣˡ
ŷҡҡͷ
ԭˣ벻ƹԪȻԱݵĴҪ󡣡
ֵȻĵ˵ͷ
ŷйԪĵǵǿԳһԪĲʥҩ׼ıݣͽˡ
΢΢һЦ
ʲô֪дıݣ
ŷ޶ʱһϲʵ
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ŷ޴ϲе˼ǾǱѾ˿ຮ֮أҺܺõĴϢ˵ȵõһıݻҪϲΪζźпֲܿȺӣǾͲҪٵຮ֮ȥѰұˡ
ȷʵѾ˿ຮ֮أֲģΪһŻɢʯͷ֮ϣʯͷ֤˱ûпή㣬Բܻڡ
ҡҡͷϸĽһ
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ŷϵϲɫ΢΢һգЩɻʵ
ҪںĻ£һĻͿñ𣿡
ֵһֵʵֲִˣֲܶﲻϲԾ˹ңЩֲˡ
ֲҲڶԵԭֻд߲ˣ߲˱Ϊ߲ˣΪΪĸıΧ


906 Ӱ
ֵ⣬ŷֻεЦЦ
ҩĵֲֲͺܴ𣬲˵ʺϾеģҩĵҪһЩؼӦϣҩĵ޷һЩ߼ĺܺҩģˣݡ
΢΢һЦһݵҪȶӵĵ»ҪĺԵΪǺѵһ£Աݵ֮زžڿຮ֮أһֱûбֲʥҩǧǰصĳԣǶʧܸˡ
ԭˣû뵽ҩĵֲ˶ǹªˣôҼЦˡ
ֵ˵ͷЩεЦЦ
ûϵҩĺܶ෽ѧʣоЩ˸еŵкܶǷǳ̵ģ޷㣬СֵܵݣȻԿһɢźʯͷǷǳ棬ѾȲҪˡ
ŷް˰֣תͷЦ
ŷżûܿ죬ֻȹԪĵĸҩһǾͿֿʼƹԪˡ
΢΢һЦ
⵹ǲõģǼӼ͹׵룬Ҳһ
ŷ޼Ĵ˴֣Ϊͨ磬Ѿû˼ˣҩȱѾֻһɹˣʣµҲǸҩݿһЩˡ
ϸǱ߼Ȼħ̵鷳ҲͲûȥˣħʵۺһ˴ҲȽΣգͺǴһҲ໥иӦ
ֵ˵
⣬Ҳãһ˹ô꣬ҲЩˣ˶ЩһҲЩ
һ˼ֵʹӦħ̵Խ׳ǻҲ˼Ŷӣʹұõѡˣ㿴⸱ģ̫ˣȥϽϴһһ±ȽϺãôҿ˲
֮ˣʲôʱ򽲾Щϸ֦ĩڵĶ
½ȴһЦֵļ򣬶ֵܻʹҴһ˵˾ˣֱֵô꣬õֵܣܹžˡ
ȵֵϴһ֮ȥ˶ĺͷʱ˱ˬû·ֻȴһװ˵αȽŵҲͦģ˶һŵѧʿﻹܿĳԭӡ
Ȼ˿װһŴ磬̾ͱˣ
ֵ߳죬½ʱһЦ
½ȡЦҰɣôûˣҪúõĺһٲУ
ֵ΢΢һЦԺʯԡ
ȻģɸǰŷڣҲ飡
½Ц˸绰˼ϺõҺ˽أó
ȻҪԷʫҲͳȥһЩ¾Ʋˣðһʢľϯ
һϯƣ˳ԵǱҾľԼȸ鳩ԣĵǷǳǢԭ˻һ˿εĸоһپƳ֮Ѿȫûиˡ
ֵʱûаźõطסʫϵļУʫϵѾۼλ쾳ĸԼһλͨľ֣֮ǿŮǿһ
ϡʱ½һ뿪ˣǻȥһֱȻҲѾԻʵһѵȥҲֻź뿪ˣԺʱ䳤ĺܣһкܶʱۡ
ԺʯϣŰʣ˺һѿվƿһŨŨľԺĴѾϢȥˣֻʫһʰϵĲиʣ
ʫʰϵľƿ֮ʱһӰϢĳ˲ԶķϣѾɫܺˣһ˻治ע⵽Ӱ
ӰֵĺͻȻûҪж˼ôſڷ£һֱעĬĬɨԺӵʫϡ
Ŀ޵ŷޣͻȻ˫ۣһ˿绮˲Ϣ֮ӣлָһƬڵ״̬
ȻҾͲµ˻ģЩҪʫϵõʲôˣʫڼȻѾҵĵӣһĻʦĲδЩ˵ȥ
һ֮ŷһͻȻʹӴʧˣûκεԤף·Ͳһ
ӰһӰϢĳ֣ӰվںӰıϣǺӰƺûκεĸоڶʫϣעʫϵһһ
ϴʧ֮벻ǾȻģξȻˣץǱǻûûˡ
ǵͻȻֵӰĳ΢ֵ˵ǰʧŷޡ
ͻȻǵſڷϵĺӰȫһеɫ̱仯ˣԭʫϵʱûκεı仯һ̶ž޲̶ˮһ㣬֪̱֮綾һ㣬Σյĺ;˵ĵ⡣
֮˼ȻϢĳ֣ұܿеĸ֪Ǿ˵֮˵ʵѾǿһǳµĵزٲܹеĴڣһת˾
˫͵һݶѾ˲䵯ǰתڴͬʱ˫һź󷽶˴ϸСһĶͷҲصĳԶȥ˿ٶȷǳľˣһգ۵ĹѾ׿ˡ
ʵǲȻ쾳ľ磬ǰϢķҲܲҶƭȥˣƾУϷǰߣҲδ̫Ϸˡ
ŷ޵һЦұͻȻһӶһǿĴֱ̹ӽЩ쵽ǰİͨͨ죬վʹһܼıըС춼ըɫ
Ǿ޴ıըŷ޵ɫһЩȻǹŴİִƼĸ߿ƼôС˴
ѾһڵĺӰŷһʧԭأĹ򣬾ȻѾǸӰ󲻵׵ĵطٶֱ֮˷ָһŷ޲ûڵϢǽͨǹӴƳ׵ͷ˳ԶԶľǰĺӰ
ӴƽӰΧ޴ѹʹ˺Ӱٶ轵
ͨ
ӰȻĻͷһ͸ŵɫ
ֱϷͨ㻹ܣ
ŷһһ͵˺Ӱǰ
ǰˡ֪ǰһӣҲԲȥӣ
֪ܲˣӰ̹˵
Ҫ˵ЩûõĻǾʲôΪҪϷͽ֣˵ûϵ䵽ϷУϷİ취㿪ڣ
Եˣŷ޵̬ȴ䣬ֵͨİԵֵ쾡¡


907 
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ߣƺĲĪҪΪϷû취ˣ
ŷһϰȻһߣ̽Ӱڣ޴ѹúӰ
ǰ֣˵
ǿһӰĴе¶ľԣʦӰ죬Ǽʦ¶ӡ
죿ǰͽܣ
˰֣ŷ΢΢һգźӰЩɡ
ǰʦǰ죬ʦ
ӰӿڴͳһӵĶ׸ŷޡ
΢΢һŷһߣ̽ǶסˣûõǰȻһ֣¥ľּΪľͷĿǰֻ֪аһʹù
ǰͽܣжľԣôҲһ쾳ߣĪԸͽʲôֻǸͨŮӣѵǰǼһģ
˦˻ȥŷ޲ļ˵ǰĻҲɵһЩʵϾͬͨʵҲźܴģҩû㣬ʵѷӳ˵ҪҪӡĳҵĹˣȫʢʱڵİϿ϶ûʲôùӳԡ
ͬˣõҩطѾڿʼһһطɹôڵľʮҩͻ϶ΪһΪҩҲǵũȺ۵ľ书
İգʹǰŷҲκεò˵ǰֻһĶӣ쾳Ķľˡ
ⲢǼʦĿͣǰҵİԸ顣
ŷ޵ǰľԿɲʲôͨϹһþпܵɱʱ򰽱ɲΪһͽܺһͨĸġ
ʲôˣ
ŷüͷһ壬غȵ
ڰҵĶңμǰĴ簽ǶǼʦĵϵѪԼʦǣǽһЩʺϱ飬Щ鶼ڰﴦˡ
ľæ˵
ˣǺҵͽʫʲôϵ
ŷ޼ʵǺεŭ
ǰϢŭ鱾ǰͽʫϲûʲôϵֻΪʫϺһʶǰҪԸˣʵǿѾ쾳ԲͨԸߵʹͷһѡ֮󣬲ѡܹ
˲òͷϵĺˮľԼæ͵½͵˾ͱŷֱˣҪ֪ܹǰĵӣһӣҲԲȥԸܹģǰ
ߣΪʲôҪԸǸ
ŷһ
ԵҾͲˣһ㶼ǰҪֱӸңɾˣ̫ҴûйʣҲֻռŮ˵Ϣ׼ŻԸ
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ҲʲôǰʫҵĵӣҲҵѣҲκ˶Ļ죬ȥǸʲôٸԸǰҲס
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лǰˡлǰˡ
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ֵͨʵľŷǳ̵ʶһĳ̶ֳѾǴˣƫĸʹ÷ͨµ߾Уֱǲ˼顣
ڰʱ򣬶ľԲֹһμʩչͨµŷһͷϢʱ򣬾֪ŷһͨĸ֡
ּĸ֣ݣô㼸ᷢǵݣղŵŷޣľԻΪǲֻǸͨͷֱڣŸղǸֺͷȻǸֵͨʵ
Ǽһû뵽ʫϣȻһͨĹʦӵ
ԭվһľ̾˿ߵȥˣǰ֣ڵ֣ͨ۰һʷŨīزʵһʡ
ȷŷѾ֮󣬶ľһ뿪ٵĸϻ˰ҡ
ص˼еŷޣʫ϶ûоֱӾͽԼķ䣬ҩҪһղŶľǼ鲻ֻǼС¶ѣòŵʲôҲûиʫϣͽˡ
ұ鷿С
ڽÿձĹΣһ߷еĹ飬һĦеɰ
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һƾ鷿һûĶľԣڰһӰƵܶ˸ûǶ֪һʵǿȻˡ
Ŷʲô˼
е飬üͷǰǲˣıĪħ̲ɣ
ȻǣıҲȥıһͨߣǸʫϾͨߵͽܡ
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ͨߣе㲻ˣȷûп
վҡҡͷֵͨжһ˳ķչ죬Ϊһ죡
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ҿԿ϶Ǿͨߣ
ľն˵


908 
ľ˿϶Ļش𣬰ĬȻĵ˵ͷ
˲֪˵ǰԼȴһģľǰĶӣһΪѾ쾳꣬ǰҵģǰڰߣͨĸеƷǳϤ
Ȼľ˵Ǹ˿϶ͨĸ֣ǾͻϿȷûʲôˡ
벻Ȼֵȼôô߳ĹżȻģ϶Ǳ֧ڿĻӦþͨˡ
һ֮󣬰ϵ鼮ȻȥɣʱȥˣҵϢ
˵֮󣬰ֱ뿪鷿̨Ĵ΢Ļζһ£ľҲʧ鷿ٶȻָԭȵ
дڴֵȼĸ˵⣬ʵ᲻ʲôȤûµʱͻһ㶼ÿ
ʲô£
ڴļд˵ݵ۾ûб˻˰⡣
ǸǾûвĵϸ
߽ͤ΢΢һС
ʲô˼ȥ𣿡
дʵ
ߣǵǻѣ
һıͨĸִڣȥ˲ͻزˣҪǰеҿɾʧˣ
֣ͨ
дɫһ䣬¶һȻ˵飬ǹȻµò֮죬϶Ǳڷֻǲ֪˾˭ѣιȻҳĻ֮ˣ
ʲôͲµ֣ͨȴҰȥͷ񣿣
ɫʱҲĺܲơ
þţʥ̺ǺԷͨΣѵʥ̵ʵǻֻһְͨˣûеʥ̶ɵĳ̶ȣ
дһбһ۰ǰҲֺ֣ͨαԷʵ˵ɳȥˣûмǸͨĸ֣
ߣ˵ĵɣͨĸҪģҾͲǲ}Ļţ
һ󽫶ľλֵͨһ
Щ΢ֵͷϻеҩζ
дһͻȻһĪǾȻ
˭
дƺʲô뷨ʵҲ֪ԷݣõĶԲ
ûв´ĻӦʥҩĹŷޡ
дһЦЦİЩĪ
ʥҩĹʲôЦģ
ûʵ
ŷȻҲͨĸ֣ʵֿͨûа취ģһţһ˶֪ϢҾ͸㣬㵣Ǹ
дЦҡҡͷʵʥҩвŷޣεʥҩȻͨʵ֣ͨ˵Ϊҩ⣬ûа취һǵʵǽ֮ͨ󣬺֮ľˡ
Ȼ£õһʥҩ书Ȼȱݣ
ЩɵĶżд
ҪңҲǴӽ˵ģȻ˵ǲмٵģΪʲôʥҩ书ȱݣҾͲö֪ˣƼʹʥҩڣҲ߻ܰɣ
ҡҡͷд΢һʼ
ô˵Ļŷ޵ʵʵͬĸֻ֣Ǳȵ;Ҫöѡ
˼һ󣬰˼˵һת֪Щʲô
ȷʵ
д˵ͷ˵ΪΪŷ޲ˣϾʥҩĹũϵǿĺöǲٵģ֪ˣôһˣȻӲӵڵʵѾҪ쾳۷ˣƳ˲ٵĵҩ
⵹ҲǣʥҩĴҲ˵˵ļƷҩв٣ЩҩѾѵһҲҪʥҩҪһöҩԼ쾳Ѿ֮۷˺ü꣬һֱûʲô·
ͬеĵ˵ͷжȻһ˿ʣ뷽跨󲻵һҩȻԣ£ͷһŭ
һжǵĲ²룬ʵʲôԴҲõġ
Ȼ֪ıŷ޺ʥҩͺðˣ뷨ԸʥҩˣͽһεĻᣬúõĥһôʥҩ֡
ӵվдɽһһ˵һ˿ıĹâ
Ҫʥҩ֣
΢΢һȻŷ޵ʵͬĸ㲻ϷǳǱϾͨĸֵ֣ȼĸκεͻһĽѵпڵĻᶼûˡ
ڻǳ飬Ϳʥҩǿ⣬ôĵҩ͵Уܽʥҩ£ʥ̵ĺܵĻжôļ̣ǽڼƻڵ飬ֻںʥҩںĽ׶Σʱû˺Ƥѡ
дΪһЦ
ô죿ҪԸĻͱҪŷ޴򽻵ˣ֪ŷ޲ʥҩܵʲôǵļƻΪͻȻ֣ʹˡ
üͷ΢壬ʵ
鲻ʱȰһŰɣʵѾһƿˣҪͨɲô򵥵飬жŵ쾳۷ֶͨż֮⣬һ츳ʲôû̫Ĺϵ࿿Ǹ̫ᣬûôͻƵġ
д΢΢һ
ʱһŵҲУһǿɵüƻˣҿɲٳʲôŷͻȻˡ
˵ͷŵ뿪ҡ
ٺ٣ʥҩŷޡ
һ˾ͤд飬ŵĹͻȻЦһĴЦ
ؼҵȻǲ֪Щģľʱ˾ⷽԼϣ׳ʵȻҪ㻨һ˼ˣ⣬ǴûмϹʲôʱʵҪģһжǹ̡
ձ
һӴĵƻͨĽȺڣڶļĴ߶æµţʹѾҹʱ֣һʮֵ
լۡ󷽵һŻԺУʱȴһƬǰլۡγķֱһλİ͹µŮԺӵ룬ָ߾ٹͷ̾࣬ڳһĬĬ
ʱһӰϢĽԺ䣬վŮ˵ǰĿһ֮ų
Ҷܿˡ
ɳƵӺӰĿд̾Ůˡ


909 
ԺŮˣǴӻӻȥǧҶܿ
״ˣˡ
չǧҶܿվһ
ţˣǱߵô
ǧ峤ǧһ
еȵߣĶ̷ûʲô飬ֻпǧҶܿʱвŻ᲻¶һ˿ᡣ
ʱʧˣﲿѾѳְΪڻ뿪ͷط˵ˡ
ǧҶܿҡҡͷ
ô᣿Ǹּǲǵ𣿺񲢲ˣҲͻĵûʲôϵôҪ֯ʹطĵˣ
ǧһüͷ壬Щɻʵ
һʼҲôΪģּصˣʵǳĿ£ԶԶĳǵԤڣҲ²ʵѾ쾳߼ϡ
ɫһᵽ֣ǧҶܿһࡣ
ʲôּҾȻָ֣ȻѾﵽ쾳ľ磿һڸ߼ϣ
ǧһЩˡ
һʼӴʱȻѾʵǿ󣬵ǲû뵽ôǿεļƻ©ҪԭǶʵعƴ󡣡
ǧҶܿ˵ͷͻϮүӵļңҲûзʲôõϢ׷ٵֱҵҵס¶˿µʵ֮ﲿ̾ʩչطڻ뿪
벻һˣȻӵµʵĹȻǸԻĵط
Ժлⲽǧһ˵ҪûǿʯͷҪøļƻˣҲҪصԸĿꡣ
״ˣҪԸĿ꣬ĿֻһˣеļƻΧչˣΪǿʯͷھС
ǧҶֱܿ˵
ԭѾУҲǲ۵ˣԲ͸¶Ϣɡ
һ˿⣬ǧһ˵
Ϣʱ򣬾û뿪ֻû뵽ﲿͻȻǿʵΪȡһ㱦ʱ䣬˳ˣϢ˼塣
뵽˵֯ǧҶܿ¶һĨˡ
֯˵ǴСǧҶܿ󣬴ǧҶܿѧʱ֯Ѿǧ乤ˣչǧҶܿɳĹУ֯Ҳ𽥵乤λá
Ϊ乤֯ǲҪڸǧҶܿߣǧҶܿҲã֯Ҳգ˶ֿϾǴһѾʮˡ
ǧҶܿձִ֯һ֯УĳѾǧҶܿԼŮҲͷԺԥڻǧҶܿ뿪ԭ
ǧҶܿҲ֪֯УΪǧδļ̳ˣܶҲûа취ģһ֯뿪ȻʮֵĲʹǻǧҶܿȷѡ
ȻУǾͶԸˣǧ廹мʹЩС˵ов˵ļˡ
ǧһ˵ͷʵѾﵽ쾳ľ磬ôǾҪɳǿԸʵѾִˣڼúõɣǱߵһġ
ףͨǸʵȻصΪﲿ𣡡
ǧһתҪ뿪ʱǧҶܿͻȻ˵ʮֵľ
Ҷ֪ܿΪ峤ܶǲôԵģ֯ȻΪ˸ô࣬ļϵŵǧδˣ˻ģǧδֽȥδӣ
ǧһŲͣ̾˿
ף״ˣҲûóȻڵʵȥĶԸҪͨǸǿʵ֮ٻصȥ
ǧҶܿᶨ˵
ǸʿǷǳ֮ߵģȥμǸֱӻصĶԸȥʲôأ
̾˿ǧһҡҡͷ
κһսѾһͨõ᪴
ǧһͬ⣬ǧҶܿѾ¶˾ģǲμɡ
᪴ɲôÿƵģЩõҲǵѾ𽥵࣬ȻǼûмعЩ飬Ϊÿһε峤ȴǶЩ鶼ǿڿഫġ
תǧһǧҶܿɫص˵ܾǰǾͻɰ̫᪴а񣬶вٿĵɣΪ֤һ㣬ɳ˴˲μǸյĽȴ˲
ʲô
ǧҶܿһæʵҲμǸȻ֪ĶһЩӱˡ
ûһͨǸȫˣǵ֮ķǳĻңͲһ࣬Ҫܰ᪴ҪħһԣǲʺƹܼȨģֻʺϳΪһɱ˵Ļ
ǧһ˵
ħ𣿡
ǧҶܿ߶һ䣬̧ͷǧһ֣µ˵״ˣĺˮ¾طżǿһЩ˲ģǿ㹻ܰ᪴ˡ
ˮ¾طȷʵǼǿʹӵ㹻ǿ᪴Ѿ˲֪£пֵʱѾڵˣϵκεС
ǧһ̾˿ԼŮƢȻ˽ģȻǧҶܿѾ׼Ǿ˵Ѿˣûа취ˡ
ף״ˣ̫ĵģһչ˺Լġ
ǧҶܿ˵
ǧһŮȻӦ㣡
ǧһһ˿⣬ִֵĨһɫִִһʮԲĴָСӣЩӼʹںҹҲ΢΢ŹâһĵζɢǳĹӺء
״ˣǣ
ǧһݹִǧҶܿЩȵʵ
⴮ľִͽˣǰµĵõɮӳֹĶ֮ӵʮǿҷľɢζҲģȥμкܴġ
ǧһ΢΢һЦľִݸǧҶܿ
⴮ľִҲǧһ˲õıֻ峤ſҲһ峤һҪһ峤ıǧҶܿѾǧδĽӰˣôǰһ㽫ִǧҶܿҲǲԡ
ĬŽӹǴľִǧҶܿû˵ֻǹһǧһ¶һĨοЦ⣬ת뿪Ժӡ
ţܿҾͻģ
߬еķľִ֯ʩչطһĻٶԺǧҶܿرһİâ


910 ¶
һʱ䣬ıȽƽŷ˴ʥҩ˹ԪĵԼһϧޱȵĵ룬дƹԪĸҩԼһа˸ߵɫ󶦡
ȫ»ĶΪũ
˵ǵһʥҩִģǵõũϵָ㣬ʥҩƵҩõĶһ¶ֻйʸʹõģΪƹԪŷ˴ʥҩнڶһ˳
Ǵӽָнһı˳׼ĸҩһƹԪ
һμ뿪ຮ֮ػܴıݣŷҲǴΪ棬ǿʯͷо˴죬ûпʲôŷȻӲʶˣļʶȣĲһǰľ롣
һо֮ŷҲʶǸ޽⣬ͽ׵Ժ󣬿ʼһо˹Ԫĵ
ΪҩԪҩ֮ǿ󲻹ΪϧޱȵĴݣޱȵַӴĸҩҲһҪԭ֮˵Ҫǳĸߣϲ쾳ˣƵʸûС
ŷȻǲǷȱʵ⣬ҪľǽԪĵ׵ĳ͸ÿһַԼʱпƳĹԪ
ԭ򲻵Ϊı٣ʧܵĴʮޣΪЩҩҲмʮҩģͬϡ٣һˣʥҩǱҲѽв䡣
оĹУŷǼʶڵ͵ҩ֮侪˵ĸ֪ԣܹԪѾһ䷽ӵ˼㡢ַߵĶҩɱҳмĵط
ָЩĵط֮ǰŷ޾òûκε⣬ھһ֮ŷ޶ʱȻ׹ԭϵл˾ѧʣû漰һȫµ
˲Ժʣûнʥҩ̫ϧˣʥҩӹĵܽЩоһ飬ڵҩĳɾͻӵľ޴󣡡
оŹԪĵŷĸп
ԪĵѾǳˣʹҲ޷̫ĸĶҩЧҲ΢΢ԭǿôһˣҩʦ
ǫһЦ˰ֵ
ҿҩʦɾͿ϶֮ϣԽеҩʦһٵ춨ϵĵλ
ŷĿ˵
ԺлʱоɣˣҪ黹ҪǿʵСˣٸߵҲṇ̀ûʩչĻᡣ
ЦЦҡͷ˵
Ҳǣû뵽֮Ȼħ̸Ҳеһ٣עйȻûɵ飬ɹĽҩ޲ˣɶĹ͡
̾˿ŷ޻˵֮Уܶ鶼޷ԤϣҲǲϵʵŬıߵˣ飬ǿˡ
ΪֻƴȫôʹˣҲź
΢΢һЦеĹԪߵһЩҩġ
ЩҩѾˣֻҪһļӹʱͿֱӿʼԪˡ
Ҳǣȫø飬ʧˣҲʲôźˣ
ŷ޹һЦһЩҩģǰһ׼
ݱ׼ƹԪʱ򣬾붫ǧһɽӰɽɿĴ󣬰ɫɴȹѾƬɺѪҺȾһƬưĴƮ
ʦȥǳᱻ׷ϵģ
ٵĴɽͷһӰˣıϮѾϢЩ˵һ˿Ƕղ˾ͽ㡣
һӰͷɫɴϵϢ˾ͽǿ˲٣˾ͽʦٻݦеѪӡ
ٻݦΪͽԬʱ򣬱аڵﻪ֮Ӷɱٻݦһŭ֮ɱаڣţﻪ֮󣬱ٻݦ׷ɱ£ٻݦ
ԭԵٻݦһս֮룬˳ΪѪӡ
ʵٻݦıʮֵΪͽܲҲ䣬Ϊͽܱ֮ˣӴ˼û˵֣ʵΪɱﻪʱ˹أħ̵˳룬ȼħ֮С
˾ͽٻݦµĵӣΪ֮ԵʣʮֵĿ٣һżȻĻУͷʱˣȰ˵Ͷħ֮лȡϢĵĴš
ȻʮֵΣգٻݦ޷˵ĴӦħ̴ôʱ䣬еħһôµв˶ɱ˶ҲǾкĴڡ
û뵽ξȻ¶ħûа취ȥˣǱ뾡뿪ɱôˣ¶
ٻݦüͷһ߷ɿǰУһ˼ŶԲߣɣ뿪ΪʦǣεϢʮֵҪһҪȥУһҪ֪£
УʦҲһˣ̫Σˣôĸ֣һ˶Ըǵģ
˾ͽ㼱е˵
ǴһĻӵ룬Ϊûн쾳ΪʦֿߣΪʦźǣȻһϣһߵĻᱻ׷ϵģ
ٻݦҡҡͷϢҪ뿪ȥϵȻϵطͷ
֪ٻݦ˵ĺе˾ͽ㻹ЩŲģϾ׷п쾳ħ̸֣ʹٻݦʵ쾳ǿģҲ޷һ˵ֵͬħ̸֡
ãʦһҪСģ
һ֮˾ͽһҧһ֮һͱ任˷һ߿ٵ뿪ˡ
ٻݦͣΣ˾ͽ뿪ķ򣬿طһХϵƸȻ䱩ǣһ෴ķٵ뿪ˡ
ܵٻݦǿƣ˾ͽлξӨ飬ӭĿ紵˲Ӱ٣֪ٻݦΪڻⱬǿƣֻΪ׷ע
صĺ󷽣һȺź۵ɽﵽѰţٻݦǿƱ֮һĸߴݵ̧ͷ
Ǳߣ׷
һȣرһâһʧԭأ׷ȥ
֮ٶȲµӰǰ׷ٻݦħ쾳֡


911 Ѫ
ܵ׷ǿϢٻݦһ߶̼ӿƶٶȣ˾ͽ෴ķٵ뿪ˡ
֪ͨˣֿɽĵطǱֻӦٻݦһ˵ϢһСѾͷϢȴûиӦѾ·ˣΣǻ뿪Ƭط
ȵθݵĺߣ׷Ѱüͷ΢΢һ壬´
һλλ쾳̵ת˷򣬴һ˳ķȥˣ׷ٵһ˾ʹ˷ֿʼɽдͼ顣
ʱܿ͹ȥһСʱҲˣٻݦɢŵǿϢ˲չڣٶȱ˷򣬳űȻǱ˹ȥ
ߣ˦ǣ̫ˣ
λݵȻ˺֣ͻȻͣԭأͳһֻĺʮĹŹֻֻаֻƴСȫѪɫ·һԺС۾ͣĴתţԵ÷ǳ
ͳֻŹֵС֮󣬸ͳһֻɫɴϸһͻ֣ᷢɴٻݦùɴһģһһȺȻǲֶȻٻݦǰʹ֮
ɫɴֻǰʱ£Ӳϵĳ鶯ţһ֨֨֨ļ
ȥҵ
һףһֻȫѪɫ·Сųٵʧּ䣬ߣ
ͷȥ̸֮е׷֮Ҳ߿ٵǰУһ˵ķ˲ת䣬Ȼǰٻݦߵķһģһ
һ·СʱٻݦһСɽͣ˸ʯ˽ȥһɨ̽ϵ֦ʯӵﵴ˿͵ϥ£ֱӿʼ˴Ϣָĵ
߶Сʱ쾳ҲЩʣ߲ͨ˵ôǿʹãã¾Ҳɲǿ߶;ѿˡ
ٻݦСʱĹһֱѪɫСɽһһ֮˲ַ˿Ȼٶȼ죬ûӹٻݦ۾ɫ˲
Ѫ𣿣
ͺһٻݦɽ׼뿪ʱһЦʹ˹
ٺٺ٣ٻݦ㲻Ϊô׾ʹǵӳȥɣ
ԶθݵͻȻ֣ٻݦǰ󷽶ħ̵½½ȻѾΧˡ
ֻȫѪɫ·С𣬴ʱſڸߵϸһƾͻ֣ᷢСߵģͣ˱ߵѪ
ȻѪֶ
ȻѾΧˣٻݦͻȻ侲λݵ˵
ٺ٣СһȻ鷳һ㣬ǹؼʱǺõģⲻܿͰҵˣ
һЦѪǰ
ʹħҲؿж˸ִа֮㵹ǲ
ٻݦмһЦȴ̾һ
Ѫֶǳаţˣյ³òȥö֮˴˵ֶа˴ֻһȥҲͺ˸ȥˡ
ȫѪɫ·С𣬲ҪʳѪһҪʳǿߵѪҺҲ˵ҪǿߵѪҺǱźܴĺô
ֻѪȻӵзֱζǿֻҪǱŹĶͿԴӿзֱϡζӶһ·׷ȥصȹıӻҪ׷ٵǿޱȡ
ֻѪҲ˺ܴľƽʱҲһֱС£ûнѪóȻװںӣʵѪִа֮Щɻġ
ִа֮᲻ӰϷ򣬵δ˵֮£ڿѾӦ鵽ͷϣһҲѷˣ
ѪܿѪﲻϵ䶯ţɱʥ˶ˣǧٰɣҲһȻйʥ̵ܣһľ
ΪҺЩĺħͽһˣ
ٻݦƽ˵ЩˣѾʧ˱ԣ޿ɾҩ
ٺ٣ٻݦҲװʲôߣѪӿɲǸĳƺţѪϴаڵʱôûأ
Ȼٻݦ֪һʱЦһ˵
Ϊ˸ͽܱ𣬺ɱ޹ȫ£ѪϴаڣҲûǣˣǺõ̫ˡ
ٻݦûôͱŭֻǵƳһ
ʲôɣѪϴаڶǲʵһ㣬־ѾڽˣѪӵĴԶ㷴ʥ̣뿪Ϊʲô³
һĶٻݦһһ˵ʱһҪɱˣЩڼαǣ
ǾαӣҲܺùЩΣֵСˣǲɱ޹ַͿ̿ǣֻֻһȺħͽֵκεͬ
һ΢ᴵ΢΢ƶٻݦİɫɴ
Ӵ벻ѪӾȻʼ󷢴ȱˣѵǴ󳹴ˣ
װһ˿һȦΧΧŵħ֮ˣЩ˶ʱһôЦ
Ͷ࣬ܲңͿıˣ
ҡҡͷٻݦںЩħ֮˶˵ʲôϻ۾ĴһѾ׷ٵ˵һЩһվŵλߣǺһ׷ٶһλ쾳ߡ
һʼλ쾳׷ٶֻʣˣôһ˿϶׷˾ͽȥˣ֪һ֮ٻݦҲڼʱˣÿһӣ˾ͽǱ߾ͻһΣա
ôˣΪܴǵӳȥ
ɫһȷʵûٻݦ󣬱ϾٻݦǵǹƥаڵﻪȻҲˣѾʾٻݦǿʵˡ
ھ뵱Ѿֹȥ꣬ٻݦ书˺־磬û֪ǿɿһλ쾳ߵı仯
ΪǬΪʲô˹׷٣
ɫһӣٻݦڵתһǿϢڶ𣬡ΪǬƾһңԲŻɳһ׷٣
ٻݦ䣬ʱɫ࣬ûü˵ʲôٻݦѾһƮٵĻ֮ľ롣
һĻ裬һİ̴ٻݦƮɶֱͷ


912 
ٻݦͻȻϮҲûйľţ쾳ô꣬ҲǺڵĽɫҲûѪˡ
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˶ֵٶʮ֮죬ҾһͻȻ˸ûüӦͿ˵Ѿײһǿľʱһ硣
ԺȻٻݦйâһİԶϿֻ۵Ůִ˲䵯ڵȻ߶ԭǿ̴˼ԡ
һ˫۵֣ɼԵӿֵһ˲䣬̱òҰһƬɫϸֱϸ͹ԣı仯ˣͻһָףԭԲӨָȫһʮֵķͼ
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仯εһ˲䣬ٻݦĽҲͬ΢΢һתûʲôӵı仯ȴ಺֮Զˣһͻ˻һһ֮ͽȫĻˣȻ˷
ֻҰһƣָצһǵĺХĿǿצֱӸѣۿɼĵצۡ
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ʵȴˣȻ˾ͽĲľ澭ڹȴٰľ澭׹צ֮ǿһΪ˾ͽΪǿԭ򣬶ΪҪѹڵ޷ӳȫѡ
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ħ´󣬲һħ̲ŷ󷨣ȵħоʹˣ˭Ѿɿ֤ˣһֱ˽죬ɼ󷨵档
´˿Խڵͨ󷨻ͨޣеһ壬Ȼƾǿѹˣħ´Խ࣬ЧԽǿ
ʱ˿̣ʮħͽȫѹ󷨵η䶯ŵٻݦûܵκӰ졣
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ٻݦͷҲصĺһһ˲ܿǿһƮʱ˳ŻǸһУ˲䷭ƣλĵѪۡ
һһæⲿһ̧˫˲ֿ·ɵĴʮȭƿҪٻݦ
һƮɣٻݦԶʱ˲ſ˼ͳһҪĽлӣϵ·ȫץһһûֱۡǰغ󱳣еĵطѪۡ
һ߼Ŀ죬̷Ը˲ħ´󣬲ҲǰԮҪٻݦץˡ
˷ֿ֮ŴɫɨһϵжʱһŭӿзһХһը̾ҪȥٻݦƴҺԱߵ߼ʱסûԼȥ
˵ڵǱ˻ܣЩ쾳ƽʱҪӣһȺħͽǰȻ˴˽лһˣܹʵ̾ԴѪҪٻݦݡ
׹צȻǾ澭мصѧȻǲͬ죡
һɫĿٻݦ̲˵
һΪ˭ԭϼһһʱûϲģܰ
ϸĿһߵףٻݦһУ˵
ٺ٣벻ѪӶµ֣̫ˣܳ
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913 ͻΧ
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ܰñµĿֲӣٻݦҲͫ΢΢һҡҡͷ
ûʲôźģѾȥˣҲˣЩѾԺڵҪץȥ쳤Ϻúõķ䡣
ܰճ鶯һ£ٺЦһϵЩ˰̣ʵǿЦʲôԵøӵŤֲ
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ٻݦ̾˿ܰͱҪһ֮࣬ɾҲ˵ģֻû뵽ѡ
˵ɾܰҲһ֮ˣӺӳǽͬһʮֿεܰݣһҹ֮侭ޱ̼ܰܲʱͷˣͳ׵ʧˡ
ʮѾп챻ܰͻȻֳˣ书Ѿ׵쾳û֪Щزģ˶֪µ鼴ˡ
˵ܰˣӺʱ֪ܰ׵쾳֮˸ǳ׵˷磬˴źµĺ֮زز֪ȥеļҵͲƲֻΪܰ
Ѿ׵쾳ܰǰ˵ʵȻǲģûöõʱͱܰţ˵ķСֹ䣬֪ҲǾڲ顣
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ƾ˵ʵȷʵǶԸ㣬ħ´ҲһϾû뵽Ȼľ澭ڹʵ֮ǿѾ֮ˡ
ܰһҡͷһЦм»֪ɣθ׷ٵˣɲֻ˶ѣҪ֮˻ûг֣ʱ뿪¾ǳˡ
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ٻݦаڵﻪ˼ս֮ٻݦ˵Ĵۻɱ˶ﻪȴǬǸʱٻݦˣټָոձͽܵѪԾסǬ˵ʾãǬ˻صħ֮С
ħг˳ϼ쾳⣬쾳ֶ˻ĵһЧʮǿĶҩÿ±һλҩ³Ҫҡ
֪ٻݦǱǬƭ˻ĵΪ˵ʱҪĵҩƣǬҲȴṩ˺ܶϧĵҩԲŻһʱ˻ĵ
һξܹĵҲһ⣬ûнҩĻʮڵĻĵͻᷢˣʱǿʮˡ
쳤Ѿڸ·ˣ쳤Ѿ֪ʵԲŻԸԸ㣬ҲǶʵĲΣ֮Σ쳤Ѿ·ϣǲʵ
ܰ˵ͷٻݦһЦǵ񲢲Ҫ㣬ֻҪס㣬һǴﵽĿģʱȻ쳤ʰ㡣
ѹһϾӣһ㶼żԭΪǬҪԹȻ˵ĻҲ˷ʱˣҪǬ˳֣ټˣһӦ
ٻݦƽ˵ڵͻȻԤ׵ļ˫ǰһٵץʮ޴צӰƾճ֣ǰ˾ץ˹ȥ޴צӰ˿˺ëֱХ
סʱ䣡
ܰһ䣬һߵϣֱӽķɵһ䣬ԼҲ֮ⷴһԣΧħ´ħͽ
ȻѾ鶼ˣܰҲ׼Ĩˣֱ˵ľ͸ٻݦҪʱȺǬ˵ĵб¾Ӳȥֻ˵İˡ
ٻݦȻǲԴУǬ˹ԸԼǬ˵ʵҲǺģû˴ŵĻǬ˽ɵʤ㣬쾳֣ôͽȻͬˡ
뵽ЩٻݦҲ˲ñʵˣٲ뿪ȵǬˣˡ
֮ǰһҪǾǸϼһѪ𣬲ɱֻСܵﶼֻѪ׷ٵʱȺħͽҲûʲôʵʵ壬ֻӻ˼ѡ
д⣬ٻݦ̿ʼж˫͵ıǣ̻һӰħ´ڿʼٵ趯צӡڿĴϵĺħ´ϣħͽʱʼԵĳ
ʵȫ汬ٻݦѾӽ쾳۷ľ磬ǿʵɲһȺ֮ħͽʹħ¾ѹסģһȺ֮۷徳ĸֻࡣ
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ϧٻݦĲֹܰһܰôŬҪ׷ٻݦӰҲ㣬ʵϵĲ࣬׾ֲĺ蹵
ⲻ߶ʮһһ͹֮£ħ´֧Ųסˣ¶һ˿
Ӱһٻݦ̾ͳһ˿˹ȥ


914 
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һٻݦҪλͻħ´Ҳסˣһ̾͸˹ȥΪλñȽϽԾˣٶȱܰȴǻҪһߡ
й޹ҲָԼһ˾ٻݦҲҪһٻݦٶȣֻҪܹȡһЩʱ䣬ħ´ͻָٶǣٻݦĿġ
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ܰԶһĻķʱٻݦ뷨н֮¶ʱĺ˳
ܰѣ΢΢һ֪ٻݦĵˣ֮ǰеһУǿйƴȱЩΪ˶Ըǰ࣬Ŀ껹
֪һ㣬ʱ˿ҪرҲˣٻݦʮֿݣ֮ԱģҲԶڸϹܰԱģΨһľأ׵أҪãֻҪһʱ㹻ܰϹˡ
ܰǿȫܵķһص׵ģٻݦǵЦݸʤˣҪľĿģʱһǿ״̬
׹צٴչֳǿ÷ʹצʱ򣬿׵п˵ͷǹǣֻҪס˱˵ԴһһͿֱƿ˵ͷǹǣ
Ȼٻݦʵûе÷ǿ󣬵Ǿ׹צһ˴ɵľ磬ԸҲǺ׵һ£ħ´ǣƵĻͰˡ
ٴεϾ׹צȻӰղȫץƤһĻԺԾʶͼǿ˷ȫҪߣЩôҪĵطѾֱӷˡ
Ƕ˼ͷѾﵽ쾳ĸ˵Ҳʲô£ָ˵쾳ʮ֮ھͽѵĹͷԶãֻǴﵽǰǿȣҪٻһЩʱѡ
㣬ȫٻݦĹԸ¶һЩϵλȡʱ䣬ܰٻݦΧ֮С
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žѧҲ˾澭֮Уܹ澭֮е书֪ٻݦһͻķأֱһӰֱ֮ϣ΢һ£̾ͽֻѪϢˡ
ֵٶȼȿ׼ҲݣֻѪȻʲôڵอѾٻݦһǷֳ̽׵ˣ˵Ĳˡ
Ѿǭ¿ˣȻ̽С͵Сʩչ˳ҪˣԹԵ쳤ϵĵ˵쳤ڵʥ̵֮ϣܶһ档
ܰҡҡͷҲʶٻݦĲöԸ֮ٻݦһֿǬҪôٻݦɾͺûκιϵˡ
ˣǬ˰ɣһ£Ͳˡ
ҡҡͷٻݦͻȻһЦתͷһ۸ղŵħ´λļħͽ˿̵ɫЩɷףȻǸղӲӾ׹צµĺ֢ڵֻʱָ˶ѡ
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ܰһ̴һҲ˹ĸں棬һǱ߸˹ȥ
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֪ٻݦṦԶܰҲû׷ȥλļλħͽʱɵվȫһ˻ģ
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һߣܰĿͻȻһȣǿֱӹЩħͽԺЩ˻һ𣬸ֱ̱ڵأô˹ȥ
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󷨣û뵽ٻݦȻź书ˣõľ澭Ǽ򵥵Ĳб溬еѧ֮࣬ԶԶĳǵ󡣡
ҡҡͷܰ̾˿
ּʶ㣬֮ǰһֱֵ֪ݣðĵطǧҪ֡
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֮ǰִ׷ٻݦʱһֱԼΪ˵ĺģָ˵жû뵽֮ʵǿ˲ܰ
޷ٻݦˣֻǸϽųѪ׷ȥ¡
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915 
ͳѪ֮ѪȴһֱûκεķӦͺ˯ȥһ
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ѪֵҪܰЩȻҲҷʲôֻɻĿʵ
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ָĴһʱ΢Ѫľð˳Ѫζ쳣еѪȴǶԽߵѪ޷ӦֱʱɫͻȻ䡣
İѪĶƤϣһС̽˽ȥһ鿴ʱɫһƬࡣ
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ӲػصԺ̾˸ղٻݦֱһ뿪Ļ棬ֱʱ֪ٻݦĿʲô
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ѹָղٻݦץʱȴûй㣬ԭĿҪԸѪ𣬹ȻǸĻŮˡ
ܰ΢΢ҡҡͷһ˿صɫʧȥѪҪҵٻݦİվͺܵˣ书֮ϣṦҲҪãҪѴʱٴҵˣϣ쳤֮ǰʲôɣ
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ֽɽʱ˾ͽѾӳ˺Զľ룬ٻݦǣƣ˾ͽѹС࣬Ϊ˲ٻݦһƬģ˾ͽҲƴȫӳϢĴȥ
ʱ仺ţһһ׷ܿʹӽɽ˸飬Ϊ˷ֹ׷ϣ˾ͽʱѡ·ѣȦµţëú󷽵׷жϡ
СѾͷƬӣӵǲ٣
һߴͣһ£µмĺһ
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ʱ˾ͽ㣬ҲȷʵǶĳɽŬĴָĵΪ֮ԵʣȽǿȴ޷ȫҪڵѹƣñħ̵ҵķɾҪˡ
һ߾ԶɽϣٻݦҲһŴ֦ҶïϾĴϢΪ˶ħ̵׷٣ʦͽ˶龫ǣϾƵ£һħ̵Ĵ󲿶׷ϣľ㹻Ҫǵˡ
ڼҹָ֣ʿ϶ͨҪǿ࣬ǵһȴϣʯ߱ڣӵг˵Сѡ
һľôǺпһεĶֶȲûרָ֣뿪֮ʵ½ķǳ˵һʵѾʮȥţ£˵ͬĸ֣ǵһ㼶ĸֶġ
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ȷʵϰȥҲʲôµĳɹˣǵϢСʱ״ָ̬۷֮ȻͿʼΣ
Ҳ΢΢һЦԪĵѾ׵һ飬ټŷڵʦڣڹԪƳɹİգΪѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ٵĳ̶ȡ
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ʱеĶѾƳˣֻһյķ䣬ʥҩԶ˹ũϵ˸Ļ棬ǳĹ£ǵһʥҩ
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ҩĵмţΪƹԪŷ׼ģڸվſڵλãԶԶĿƵҩʫϾûˣԪƶ˵̫ӣ˷ǵѧϰʲôп𵽷á
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ŷһӣũصĶǣԪҲʽʼˡ
վſڴĸһĿŷ޲ϵĽҩͶ뵽ũڣƹԪּĵҩɲ˶ıվһԹۿģ˿Ĳ֣ҩƾͿܹһ
飬ܶһӶѧϰģΪʶҲӵᡣ
ҩĲϵͶ룬ũ·ĻҲĿ²ϵı仯ţÿһʱҪ¶ȶƵʮûгֹһ˿һĲ֮ܵ£ܿһʱ͹ȥˡ
һĹУŷޣ˵鶼ûκεı仯һʼʱһģһͶ뵤ҩֶû˿Ĳ
ŷı֣ûоʲôֵĵطϾŷ޿ǿͨĸ֣ܹǿľά˳ʱȶøеЩ𺳡
ڳĸ˵ʱҪ鷳ˣԽǸӵĵҩƵʱԽ֮˵ҪҲԽߣǾ滹ķ棬ܳ˿ͻᵼǰ
ͿԽ;Ƶĳ̶ȣһø壬뵽ѾɹƳ˷Ħ޵ּĵҩٿǰı֣ͻȻÿԽˡ
ϾǷ軹Ħ޵Ǹӳ̶ȲڹԪ֮µĶҩ


916 
ƹԪĵ峿
ŷɻϣ˵ƶûκεı仯ΧҩϵĲҩѾĵĲˣڷмũڲϵɢž˵
ʱҲˣһιԪʮֵˣҩԹƻԭһҡ
΢΢ĳ鶯£ɢҩ㣬ŷ޵¶һ˿Цݡ
ڻѾˣԹػˡ
Ҳ΢΢һЦũ·ĻϨˣڵҩĳȴ׶Ρ
ԼһСʱ֮ŷ޻ִũĶǣһ˱ǵҩʱڣʰ䣬׼ȥϰʫ϶صҩ˹
Ŷ˹ȥʱ˿̶ڵĵײѾһ㾧Ө͸ĵɫҩ࣬ҩƳɹĹԪӨ֮дŵɫҩ࣬˱ǵҩ˵һ¯ԪƵ
óСҩƿŷһ֣ڵҩһСĴָСɫ͸ҩ裬ֿǶҩ裬˸벻дʥҩԪֻҪһţͿԻ׹ǵ浤ҩ
ڴҩ賹׵ȴ֮󣬹ԪҩȫʧˣڱǰţҲŲκεζǹԪһԣҩЧȫһҩ㶼ɢ
ԪƶŷæƿԪǾһƿɣ
һռƿԪÿƿʮţЦŽƿԪݸŷޡ
С֣ԪƣĹ󣬸οǱݻṩģûҪһλҩģʥҩҩٶ࣬Ҳ޷ƳԪҾȡһƿʣµš
ŷް˰֣нӹһƿԪһƿ˻ȥ
ŷ̫ˣҲãƿԪȷҪĻŷ˵ˡ
ǽˣȻŷô˵ˣҲƿԪ
ԸŷҪһ㣬󷽡˿һһǶûκεαͽթ
ƹԪ׽ˣʫҲǰһƵҩ⣬ŷҲЦΪϸĽһƹеעԼһЩַ⡣
ĵĵʱֻͻȻʾΪ㡣
һ˿ɻɫЩȣһ㶼ϵģΪ֪澭飬ӵ绰ܶ鶼ǻؼ˵ξȻ˵绰ʲô鷢ˡ
ҽһ绰
ǸһЦͨ˵绰㣬ʲô飿
Ҳ֪ʲô飬ղ˾ͽļҵѧУǵҪ㣬ǳżڻѧУأ
С˵ȻǴ˿˵Щ㡣
˾ͽļˣ
΢΢һ㣬һûع˾ͽļ岢ûʲô˺˾ͽ⣬˾ͽҵǼʶһʱҲ²˾ͽҵΪ¡
뵽˾ͽ֮壬Լʱ½ҵʱ˾ͽʦٻݦԼõ飬ҪȥһѧУ˾ͽҵ˵ʲôҪ顣
ǵһϾ͹ȥ
Ҷ˵绰ҡҡͷеҪһ£ŷżĻﶼһʱ䣬ҲԳպúõĽһ
û£Ҳżȥæɡ
ŷް˰֣Ц˵
͸Լʫϴк֮һ˶뿪ˣԶͺմĺһĹʧ˵·ľͷ
ʫϵļﵽѧû̫Զľ룬ųʮӣѾϵѧУĴ⣬˸طͣӺͳİ칫
İ칫һС칫ңΪʷϵĵʦѧУĽǾӵ˽˵İ칫оѧĿռ䡣
ʱ˿̣İ칫ҲڽӴ˵ɳϣǰܷϺõǰȴûκҪȲ˼˱ǵĲˮ𽥵ȴ
߽˰칫ңſڵλվ

λü͸ǿˣʱȴһɫ
¾ǣ
ɻĿһλˣֿһһλˣԺмתһȦȷûмˡ
˾ͽ꣬λĶ˾ͽȪ㵽˾ͽȥһˣܵƼأһֱ˵Ҫ㣬лҪ˵ˣҲ˵
ȷݣ˾ͽ̿ٵ˵
ʲô˾ͽˣ
üͷһ壬⾿ôһ£
ԵҲö֪˵кҪҪ㵱˵ʵӻؼҵʱѾ첻ˣүӺһֱΪǿȥһ˾ͽң
˾ͽ깰˹֣һ˵
Ȼ˾ͽûк˾ͽһȥμ½ҵıᣬǻ֮Ҳ˾ͽ˵ˣǵ쾳֣ڶʮͷ;Ѿ׵쾳Ϊ˲á
Ļƾ˾ͽڵ״ﻹɵ˱ԸԸ⣬ǰҲǿаȥ
ǶȴǲôȲ˵ܲܶԸܹԸˣҲÿһԺı⣬Ͼһλ쾳֣һҪǿ൱˵һ¡
ãھȥһˣ
ûκεԥ̾ʹӦ˾ͽ꣬Щ˲֪˾ͽıʲôܣ֪һ˾ͽиʦٻݦǱħ֮У˾ͽ˵飬˵ͺйء

תҪ߳칫ҵʱڱһͷЩ˵һҪȾˣ
İɣ㣬һᾡȫģ
¶һ˿Цգ϶ĵ˵ͷ˾ͽĶٵ뿪ˡ
뿪ѧ¥ıӰпϵ㳤̾˿Ϲһ˿ǵɫ˾ͽĻﲻѿ˾ͽѾ֮ʣ׺˾ͽүӵܼȥ
ȻʱûжãҶϦƱĽ̵£Ҳ˺ܶĻ֪ʶ˾ͽ϶ѾûˣܿͻΪȫ˥ߵ֮ȻϨ
ÿ뵽һ㣬ľһʹ˾ͽ㻹ôᣬ˵Ϊʹ˾ͽĴҲɫӵܣѾ˾ͽҵĴ
һλɫŮӣ첻ӦԴѵǺձ


917 ԹԪ
˾ͽҵĳ˾ͽ꼱ٵʻ£˺ܿ͵ĵһլۡڡ
λضεլۡռԼƽףǽΧǣŶȮѲԱչֳ˾ͽǿʵ
ʱûȤȥЩ˾ͽ̸֮˾ͽȥ¥¥Ⱦͷһ䷿䡣
ڵĲóŮ磬һŮӾסķ䣬ʱڵտɲ̫ãľ޴Բϣ˾ͽһ԰׵һһҵһλ˺һλ˼ҡ
ʶǴ˾ͽȥμӱ˾ͽ⣬Ҳ˾ͽףһλûм˺˾ͽϡЩƵѲ³λߺ˾ͽĹϵ
ʱ˿͸ǿϢҲѾȷı˼Ѿһλ쾳ĸ֡
磬ˡ
˾ͽλȫעΪ˾ͽڵƣûʲôãҲھӳ˾ͽ˽֮˶ûʲôӦ˾ͽæȥһ
үү˾ͽ졣
˾ͽ⻹ûлͷλ˼ȴתͷ΢΢һɨĵ˵ͷ
¾
һ˾ͽ㣬˵Ȼûֱ˾ͽˣ͸˾ͽʱ˿̵ı󣬻΢֮ϢҲ֪˾ͽεƼأ͵ʫһˣΪʶµȫ⡣
֣үүȳȥɣͰ˵
ԭ۾΢յ˾ͽ㣬˴ҵ˵ʱ۾ʮ˵֮Сڳ˶书¸˵Щʲô
ںܲһ뿪ɾͺ֧ȥˡ
˾ͽ۵˵һԵëĲ˲˾ͽͷϸܵĺ顣
ЩҪˣȻѾˣҽе鶼߰ҵʹҲˣҲԵʦˡ
˾ͽҡҡͷպ촽Ѿ˵Ĺ֣Ȼ״Ѿ˼㡣
ôôɵԺ˵ȰãԺʱǡ
˾ͽЩʱ˿̣Ѿ˼㣬ܶ鶼ѹ˾ͽļ£˾ͽҲͲӣÿÿ뵽Ķ絶ʡ
֣ҵʱ䲻ˣβˣүүͲҪ˷ˣҰ鶼˰ҲͿ԰ĵˡ
۽ǻһξӨ飬˾ͽ΢΢ҡҡͷѾʧȥ˹Сַ˹ס˾ͽĴֹ֣˾ͽ䡣

һֱڴ߾ŵ˾ͽ죬ͻȻε̾˿˾ͽС֣վ׼ȥ
һʼ˾ͽʱ˾ͽѾ֪˾ͽѾûˣ֮Ժ˾ͽһֱϵΪ˾ͽҲǱ˾ͽһҪ϶ѣҪƺ˾ͽƣɲǴõ顣
˭˵һģ
ʱͻȻһЦǰߵ˴ߡ
ʵǿ̫ˣѵڵѾ;ƿݵĵز𣿡
˾ͽһЦ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ȷʵǺأڵอ;ѵĳ̶ȣƵ޷ҪҲһѵ顣
ûзƵԣֱӵ˵ͷ
˾ͽҵ˶ʱתͷɻĿ׼ȻѾ˾ͽ֮أȴ˵˾ͽ㲻Ϊһλ쾳ߣʱͱ˾ͽҺȥˣڹϿЦ˾ͽҿǲôװݵġ
ʱ䵹ɣҸոյõһֵҩֵҩ԰ָµƣȵһЩʱҾͿʩչطΪƣҵʹͣڵҲǺѳܵġ
΢΢һЦӿڴͳһСĴָСĵҩҩӨͨ͸ͨ嶼͸ŵɫǳټϴ͸Ĺߣɢ̱ʯһӨ
ǣ
˾ͽһʼûϳŵʲôҩȵʶʱ۾ͻȻ͵ɴˣһʹӴһߵߣڹâɢӨӨ̹ĵҩһʱ侹ȻǼЩ
֣ʲôҩ
Ȼûŵ˿ҩ㣬˾ͽҲ֪ŵľһҩֻûмͨ徧Ө͸ĵҩ̱ʯһ
оˣоˣҩǴеĹԪһͿԻ׹ǣƼأһԪܶ޷ȫĸԭٷȥ֮Ͳ֮ˣ
˾ͽ켤˵ʹ˽꣬ϡ֮Ҳ࣬ǳƷĹԪȴǴûмģֵҩ˵ˣڽǧǰʱѾг׵ʧˣ֮˶ֻǴӵ伮ϲ˵ֵҩĴڡ
Ԫ
˾ͽ⼤ֱվȻûϸ˽Ԫ֪ԪʲôǹԪĴȴ˵ģִʥҩпѾҩķ룬һͿԻȡһ
ǹԪҲϴģص۲еڶֵҩˣ
˾ͽͷĿеת˾ͽԸκδۻȡеԪ֪ԪļֵԺϣܺ㻻ȡҩ
˾ͽүӣҿûùԪǽ˼
ҡҡͷһڣڳļɫ̾ͱˣһ˲ͷ·ö˵֮У֮Ļü˵ɫϲ˲Ǵӵص֮Уҩ͸˾ͽġ
УԪʥҩִ϶Ϊϡ٣˾ͽҲƽ޹ʵĴ񡣡
˾ͽһ֮ȴҡҡͷ̾˿
˵ֶ̣˵ƽ޹ĴԺ˾ͽҺٴ򽻵ɾʮֵıˣһΪ˾ͽ˾ͽ˵ײĵˡ
ԸöȥȡҲԲҪװ׵Ľ˵
Ȼǰװ׵ĽԪˣû´Ļ˾ͽδϢԵֵԪˡ
ҡͷһЦɷ˵ߵ˴ߣԪ˾ͽĿС
Ө͸ĹԪһ˾ͽĿУ̾ͻΪһº͵Һֱ˳ɤӽ壬Ӵҩ̾ɢ˿һŨ֮ҩ˾ͽɢ˳һĹͲ䡣
ȻĹԪ
˾ͽɫ˲ɰת죬˾ͽҲ˲ʱ˵ȥˣʱ˿̻˾ͽȫҪ
һԪҪôһжȵ˾ͽתΣΪ֮ȶ


918 Ϣ
Ԫִоøʢʥҩ
˾ͽڷ˹Ԫ֮󣬲Сʱʱ䣬΢ϢѾ𽥵ȶƻָ϶ǲôģ˶̵ʱھͿ׳ڵ֮Ѿ˵ԪǿҩЧˡ
ܵԺת˾ͽ㣬ܾڹԪҩЧȻ˽һԪиҪ˵
֣ȳȥɣҪͰ˵
ɫ֮˾ͽ˵ҲԵ
ã˵ǾͲˣ
˾ͽ˲۽ǣæЦ˵мһЦһ뿪˷䡣
ȵһ뿪˾ͽ˷ţ˾ͽŰĿתӿֳһ˿΢Ц
ڿ˵˰ɣҪʲô˵
Ц˴ߣס˾ͽһ̽˾ͽڣڵƣԼԪƵĻָЧٶȡ
Һʦɽͷܵļ棬ͻȻֵǸ˾ɣ
˾ͽ΢΢һЦͻȻ˵
Ҿ֪㣬Ҳû׼೤ʱ䡣
Ц˵
³һ㣬ɲҪжϾʮͷ;ܴﵽ쾳̫ˣٵĿǰֵ˵оֻһˣٶƽʱһЩ鱨ԼӷͲѲ³Ǹ˾ˡ
˾ͽҡҡͷɫϲɫȥ˵֮ԻصƣΪʦǱħ̵ѾˣһҺʦһħ̵˷׷ɱʦΪЩ׷ҷͷȥһҪ鱨
ôʦڵΣ
һ̾˿˵˾ͽ˴ʱ򣬾ʹŵĲµԵɣһȻһģһ
Ҳ֪ҺʦѾֿ֮ˣʦ˴󲿷ֵ׷һСֵ׷ҶȥҪıʦ׷ҵ˵һ쾳ĸ֣ҾǱˡ
˾ͽҡҡͷһ˿ǵɫ
ʦôᱻħ̵˷ģ
ʵ
Ϊħ̵һƻ׼ͻϮеĸ׼ƵһټЩıǵļƻʵʩɹɾΣˣ
˾ͽ̾˿ʦ֪ϢΪ֪¹شһʱ֮ЩеϢݴû뵽Ϊ̫ż¶һ쾳ֲˣ˵ͽ˲ʦնɱ˵
ɱһħ̵쾳֣ǿɾҲαװȥˡ
ҡҡͷΪٻݦһҪħ̣ԭΪһʱʧѾ޷ճ֮£ֻħˡ
ʦ֪޷ڸ̫ãܿͻ鵽ͷϣǸʱ뿪ɾͳˣʦ̾ҹ׼룬û뵽ħ̵ĶҲܿͷ䣬̾׷˹
˾ͽ˵ͷŵ˱֮УͳʱѾһСֻֽĴָС
ǣ
ɻĽӹСֽ
ŵľħεϸƻǲ֪ʦѾѶңΪʦϣƴӳΪ˰Ϣݳǧħ̵ļƻóѣ
˾ͽ͸һĨᶨ
°ɣһ̰ϢرţҲħ̵ıлʩչ˵ܳһεĻᣬħһֲ
˵ͷĽСֽС
Ϊ˵Ϣ©ʹǵ˼У˾ͽҲһҪſϽ˵Ļ;ԲῪڣٻݦħȡĺܶϢ˾ͽзǳħ̵̽ӣ˾ͽڲ˵Ҳħ̵Եڡ
һ˾ͽ޷ͼȷϸ˵֮⣬ûбľԿεˣǸ˾ͽҲһΪ˾ͽ߿ܾħ̵̽ӣֻнܰϢֱӸ߱š
ȴڼúõˣ˹ԪǿҩЧѾȶˣƵָһ֮ˡ
˾ͽֱ˵ƲΪܵĹҪĻıȫλ˥ߣʴƣѾһξ飬İɣʱһκơ
ҵƵǲϢ⣬һм㣬
˾ͽ΢΢һЦЩǵ˵
˵ɣֻҪģһƴǡ
˵ͷ
ʦΪ˾ңЩ׷ʱ쾳ĸ׷ʦȥˣҲ֪ʦΣĻܲܰæһʦ䣿
΢ԥһ֮˾ͽ㻹˳
ڵľѾǳΣħ̺֮ĴսʱпֲֵܱĴսУһ쾳ֵʵˣǴӸ˵ĽǶΪٻݦĵӣȴǲܶʦİΣŲʡ
İɣһᾡĴʦ䣬ʱʦֿʱʲôط
ԥľʹӦΪ˽Ϣٻݦ˾ͽðΣգʱǵŲʣҲδ̫˺ˣǾġ
ڵһɽ֮УɽҲǲ̫ˣʱʦææҪЩŲ·
˾ͽ㾡ĻһȴҲֻŵλá
İɣΧȻЩҶЩ֣ܻҵһ˿ģʦţһ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷת뿪˷䡣
һɽλôɵľڣͶľʮֵңԶɽ൱һѾ˻ĵĹڣħ̵ĻȷʵǷǳԱ֡
Χľ޴Ѿ˵Ҳһ׵飬ȻǶͨѾԱ˵ָҲЩ鷳ѣóֵطѰһЩ˿ֻҪһЩʱˡ
뿪˾ͽ̸֮ϵã˾ͽƴϢ½ͬʱҲһСֽ½ħ˵ļƻ½ֵ춼ǳľҲʶԡ
ֵԴƺ֮󣬾ͺ½ص˶ֲʵȻǿ󣬵鶼ҪȥֲʱҲҪһǿĸ½Ȱ˵£ֵͽɫ
һλפ쾳ڶֲ½ʩչܶƻҲʼ˳ԭ˵ڸصķֲ֮ǲ쾳ĸֵģЩֶеȥһطۼűŵеĸ֡
Щ쾳ߴһƽʱʱҲԽԵĵãһ˶ԱչؿҪĺõö࣬ٶҲ١


919 
˾ͽƴϢҪһӵ鱨½ͨ·ͱŸ߲ϵˣʮӵĻ㱨ص
С֣Ҫһж𣿡
½ȥ㱨ʱֵڰ칫졣
ҿȥˣ˾ͽʦٻݦδҵôȥһٻݦϾϢʦͽƴģҲҪٻݦħ֮ԵףΪ̽ħ̵ϢĻ飬ܲܲŲʡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿
ҲǣĻҲδ̫˺ˣԺҲûԸΪºͷˡ
ֵ컺˵˼ĵ˵ͷ
ħ̼Ʊ׼ͻϮʵ϶ǳĿ£ϸ½ϸ絽ʱƻϵһָսһҪúõչ˺Լǧˡ
΢΢һЦһ䡣
İɣǶǾþˣģȥǱߣСħ̵ʹթǺпץٻݦҪЮһЩ飬ô׵ľɱģϾҲһ쾳ĸ֡
ֵЦ˵
ҲҵĵĵطõĽû䵽ħ̵УҾĻʹˣһѾ䵽ħ̵УôҾ͵úúõļƻһˡ
˼һ˵
½㱨ĽȺܿ죬Ÿ߲Ϣ̾Ϳʼǲħ̵ļƻΧ׷½أǲ˶Ӧĸǰȥӭսȡ䲻Ľħ̵Ķһ仨ˮ˫೹׵Ťת
ϵܣٶһ
½ÿҪ뿪æʵ
ˣǱ߻ȥξͲλϸһȥˣǷͷжɣ
˰֣ٻݦŽһ
ԭˣôٻݦİΣͽϵˣߵͽǰɣͲõˡ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ½˵
뿪˱֪֮ͨ۵ˣ׼ص豸׼װӵ֪֮ͨ۵ֶԼ̿ʼսǰ׼
֮Ҳûʰʲôʹϴ·ͺ۵ĳԱˣһûг񺽷ɻͨŵһܾطɻӶɣֱӷɾڵĵһɽ
뿪֮һܴձķɻ˶ʻ½½ÿӳһʱŮһֻɫ䣬󻹸װıڣ˿ٵͨͨһĹʧڻڡ
ſڵȺŵĺɫ۳ڣŮӷе䣬ı̽ӹ䲢˺ڣŮѾ˳ڣժϴŵķī
ǧС㣬ǲֱȥס
˾һ¹ۺ󾵣ٵʵ
ȥš
Ů΢΢һ̣¶һ˿ζЦݣǴձٶȻصǧҶܿ
ιǧҶܿƺʲôطĲһȻϿ˻ǸˣǻϢȴѾһ˵ɲһͷζŶԷʵѾ˸߼ľ硣
˾˵ͷ̷棬һ̵뿪˶ʻ
Ŵö㣬ڰ칫ڴŴļϵĵ绰ͻȻڴļͷҲ̧İ
ܣǧǧҶܿС㵽ˡ
̴ӵ绰ﴫ˳
ô죿
ƿһ۵Ļ·ʱ䣬˵ͷǽɣ
ǣܡ
Ӧһ֮ߵ˵ݴֵȺţһĹ򣬵žʹˣǧҶܿһ˴ӵ
ãǧС㣬Ѿڰ칫Ⱥʱˡ
òĹ΢Цʾ⣬΢죬ǧҶ߽ܿƵİ칫
һ֪飬ʱѾطɻۺͶǰλɾڵĵһɽ
طɻٶȲǺܿ죬ΪƵʱΪṩ߷ٶȣսȻˣҲǿǵһЯĴ豸ղžɳ˾طɻ䡣
;лĸСʱĿصϿյʱطɻĻմ˿һһ豸װ˴ӿֱ׷ȥڰд˽ɡĽ䵽˵ϡ
һ豸˷ɻ֮Ҳһӿɡ뿪طɻطɻһ޴Բڿֱӵͷɻ˶
֮һȺҵһʵļص㣬λһɽߵļн㹻ĿռͰװ豸Щ豸ҪǶĶ۵ǲҪʲôһЩѡ
һĿĵ֮󣬶̾Ϳʼ豸İװ͵ԣɽĵθӣѰ豸ﶼʧȥãɽ֮󣬶Ҷʿʵңһ쿪һʽѰλ豸רɽȸӵλµͶλ
ڶװ豸ڼ䣬ҲҪĿ۵ĳԱҪĿľΪӪٻݦûбҪͰյ£ٺħ֮սⱩ¶ԼӰԮĽȡ
˶Ŀ֮󣬶һŦ۴СĶλ۵ĳԱʮȫص豸ҲһöʱͶϵ
ִڼ䣬С˸һƬɽһСĳԱЩ豸İȫ󻯵սЧʡ
һΪٵִս۳ԱͳһЯʽǹеLY-1ͣھҲľе˾죬Լʽǹеɶո죬ԷǹʵǹԼеԴյĶǹ
ĶǹԸͨ˻ǽкܺõЧһԸ֮ˣôЧҪۿˣǿ֮ˣǹƾԵֵǹ˺ǶǹĹʳһĽޡ
۵£պͶ˵һרõLY-1͵ǹе䱸˫صУȿԷʵҲԷ䶯ܵԸͬĿ꣬ͬʱǹе˾ѻǹͳǹعЧȿԽսлѹƣҲԶоѻս
ÿһ۳ԱԸʹģǲߣͬʱҲǾͨսܵսʿ֮£Ҳڴ棬սʿǲЩֵָĶ֣Ǽ˸ִװȫѹЩ֣ŶսǷ
Ҳ˾ԭҪģ֣һ׵飬ҪĲʱ䣬ͬʱܵԡԼ츳ȸصơ
ִƼԼǴǿսʿĽݾ


920 жʼ
֮۳Ա뿪ɽɽʼڶṩЧؽ֮ǰǿԶɽΧǰڵųͼ顣
ʮһ˻֮һмĵطһ⣬Ϳ̵ʱڸϵȥһʮļ·ߣʼϸһ·ɽ˹ȥ
Χʵûб̫ϣħ̵פҲ̫ܳΧĵطֻǲһЩõΪ˾ͽٻݦ֮ǰ˾ͽѾȷ˰ȫٻݦǻ֪ǷѾӵһɽӳˣΧһЩ飬ڰٻݦ䡣
һ·ۺϵĽŷֵ󲿷ֵϸŲûʲôôΪﲻ֮ǰѰҵɽǾصľħ̵Ӧþֵˣдļ
һʮһѾƹɽͷʮڵĵطȫһ飬˴ĽҲࡣ
ڴͬʱʱפҲɽĵͼƵĲˣͨרõ豸ǣɽȫνɨ裬Ƴ˵ȱȵάģ͵ͼ
ͼһϣѲĵط̾ͱ۵ĺɫעͿЧıظͼ飬ǵĹܣԸɽָӵĻǺѽмģЯһִ͵ĵ̽Ĺͨ汾ǿʮȫɽĻ
ڶĲٿ£һ޴̽ɽ𽥵ߣ̽ͷųٸС͵΢̽Щ΢̳֮̽̽˷˿ձһɽľ
žٸ̽ɣֲ̽ҵĸ߿գϵͷ̽źŲɽϸµɨ衣
̽ȫղ֮󣬲ʮӵʱ䣬ϾѾ˴ĺ㣬Щ̽⵽Ӧо󲿷ֶǺ㶼Ƕ壬ȻڵһɽеҰҲ൱״һ⣬Ȼпܾħ̵ˡ
ɽĵͼѾϣе̽ѾȫգƬɽеﶼѾɨϣųһЩ޷̽Ǻɽ֮ĵطڵرѾϣͼڴУܿǾͿԿͼˡ
ϵ󽫵ͼ˹ȥ۳Աڣе˶յ˵ͼ
˼ϣǰһĿ꼯е㣬֮ڸϵһﴦϡ
һµͼ־ǲĵطһθӦͼܼĵطЩǲħ̵ˣǶȥһ
۵ĳԱѵأִҲǳǿ´̳֮Ŀص㿪ʼǰУ֮ʮһѾϵһ
ռƸߵ㣬ĿǱȥ
һսʰʮһ̷ֳһȥѰƸߵ㣬ЯLY-1ǹеҲл˾ѻ̬л˳ǹ̬
ʱ˿ִҪЧʣӵִǹеȻɵͶԷȥȻʲôʲôˣѵǳҪĿĻսǽʲô֡
һƸߵѾռ죡
ƸߵѾռ죡
ŶڽĻ㱨һ֮ڣѾȫռ˸ԵƸߵ㣬ѾͨѻԶĿꡣ
㱨Ŀ

һŵ۲⣬ԷзݵȻʩϵĴħ̳Աжħ̳Աʮʮң
ŵ飡
ŵ飡
Ļ㱨ͬϿԶ϶ǰԶһħ̵ľݵ㣬ʮ˵ħ̵һǰڻأħͽӦǸ𾯽ˣĳԱʵһ߲ȥ
ϳǵжͻڻͣϣ
һӣָ̿ʼж
ԭ۳Ա뻮һĴǹеı˨ٵԽ˹ȥڻּ伱ٵǰУԶ۳ԱƸߵṩѹƣͻСֶӵоʺսͣԶϿԼķӳۿһ
һ۳ԱϵװƽþͳԪȽ΢̽װöǵϣǵ޷⣬ҹҲᵼе½ͬи߿Ƽװֲܹǵȱ
ͨĸ֪ĵˣ۳ԱһͨȽ̽̽⵽˵ĴڣһЩǳǿĸ֣ǿ󵽿Ըı¶ȣԿϢɢܹǰ֪ԷĴڣôԸˣ۳ԱװԵЩ׽ˡ
ĸϾʮֵϡ٣Ҫּĸ֣϶ˣԲ۳ԱȥϾһ۳Ա൱ףôЩֵУδЩֵ̫ˡ
Ҫɱ¾ܼ򵥣ɱ˵ļɾͿˣ߿Ƽ˲ҲףѧУҪּȾͨ䣬Զͨˣͬʱͨ͵еԼ֪ʶͬʱӵ顢ǱǱĶսʿǾ൱ѵһˡ
һ߳ΪǲʿѾˣÿһ߶űİȥְֵҵ
۳ԱһǶǴӹ¶ѡΪѵõӵ츳󱻱ŻѾ޴սʿӵǿ־ͼͲεͬʱӵǹ˵ʣѡھϸѵܷӳ൱µġ
ǰһսҪսʱ۳ԱѾȫ֮İǺѾȫ磬ʶȵִƼ£ӳҲǸӵĿ¡
һľ룬ͻǱ۳ԱӵʱѾϵˣ⻹ɽ£ƽأ۵ٶȻӵĿ١
Ϣɽӵĵڻ˺ܿħ֮˵ĸͷСӳһӣһӵϢĻңԶĵطһһħ֮ˣ泯۳Աĵطڣ޷ɹĿƬ֮ء
Զľѻֽ˷֮Ժ̴·Ĳ֮𣬶LY-1ǹͻ˸֮أͻĲ֣ħ֮˷Ӧʮ̴Ӳͬķ۳Ա
÷Σɢ
ֶСӳһȣ˵̱任÷ΣʼٵתȦеǹе˲³ǿĻ


921 ͻϮ
۶ԱҪһܾǹÿһ۳Ա˵ǹ֡
ڹŴʱ򣬰ΪԶ̹Ĺ߾ѾܻӭΪЯΪ䲻ĴԵս˲תԱʿƳ硣
ִᣬִʢʹùϵİѾ𽥵ʧø߳İַ˸ǷëǣĴŶʧ˺ܶඥİַؼҲ֮٣Щǻ֮顣
ִǹеʹҪʱĶԼǿſʹãԸ˵Ҫǳ֮ߣǹеʹҪ͵͵öˣʹһͨˣʱѵҲ׵ķӳǿ
Դ屾ǹе̺ľ޴󱬷ԻҩʹҪ󲢲ߡ
ȻִҲҪĵطѻֶ츳ͿҪ󼫸ߵְҵҪһҲذ֣Ҫ侫׼ĿſٲǱϾʹõҪҪһЩǲɷϵʵ
۵ĳԱǣÿһڹ䷽ΪѾ֮ԺܺõĿ壬ǿĿȥǹеǷӳһҪµĶࡣ
ǾĿǶԶһ֮ϣҲǹеǵбӳ󻯵صսԼãǿԼȺս
ǹ˵ÿһ۵ĳԱ׵ӵڷеĲӬԷŴʮ׵ľ룬ʮԸһֻӬ˵ľ׼ôԸ޴Ŀֱֵ꣬顣
ʹóǹ۳Աܼ֯һĻħͽûӹĻڣӵʱͷ׷ǹأǹĲλڴ棬Ϊ´ָҪʧȥжɱǡ
˵һڵħͽѻֻ⣬ħͽ׷ױ̱ڵأһָ֣ҲΥȻĹ򣬽Žǹͷˣһվԭ˶ʱڳ׵ķŵЩħͽǡ
սѾӵ˻㱨֮һֱԱʼжʱֱһȥӲʱ䣬صľѾεĸӳ̶ȣٶȻ˺ģԷͨľˣΪǿħͽǣս֣ȴɷ׷׵۵Ľ£Ѿ˵ˡ
˵ǵϳ
˹ڵصħͽǷ׷׳һƺҪ̻һȻһ㶼ںֱǰĿһλħͽʵ
ٺ٣벻Ȼ˻ᵽҪ쳤Ͽˣһܸ˵İɣ
ħͽŴѪֱ˿ڣһЦݣ·ںϵһ
쳤ϣԭﻹһλϼ̫ˣԴסһˡ
üͷһζЦ
ǣȻ˵쳤һ㣡
λħͽЦǿһɵһĿ
ȻǲԸ˵Ҳֻʩչһֶˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷЩѾ״ħͽûʲô˵ģ̹һڿЦħͽʱͱô˵ϳλʲôλã
ǲֻ֪Χ𾯽䣬ûȥĵط
ħͽɵػص˼ȻֶΣϵЦݶʱʧˡ
Щħͽֻħеĵͼˣ֪ʲôħ̵ĺܣڿǸ߿ǣȻɽĵطûȥֻܸΧľ䡣
«ưħͽǣõĴ𰸶һڵǲ֪ˣ΢΢ҡҡͷÿħͽ϶˼ѨЩѨλħͽжҪʮĸСʱ֮Ż⿪Ϊǿǿн⿪С
סЩ֮һӣ۳Աǿʼ˽жǰ֮󣬺жʮֵ˳СʱĹħͽڵѾİγ˶ʮƷħͽˣȫԵѨַ
˿ĻʾĵͼɽΧȸͼѾʧ˺ܶ࣬ǰнʮദȸзֲͼۼĵطûİ취ˣҲ֪ٻݦǱץ˻ˣֻÿһطͽﳹ׵İγȻѯһܲʲô
ôһ·ɽͦܿɽΧڵͱȫγˣûлٻݦϢǰĵطһڵˣڵٵòκϢĻǾҪɽѰεĲ֮Ϊб¶ڵرڵѾȫγˡ
ж
ĵĽӽǴڵ㣬ʱɫѾɽһƬһӣһԾվǰһŴ۳Աǵж
ҹս۳ԱǸӵˮи߿Ƽս豸ǣҹжʮѸ٣Ƚȸгǿ԰ǱǰеϰԼ壬ڵʱǰС̷ֶɢ˿ǼⵯӲͬķӽڵڡ
ͣ
һ©Ǽİ׹ڵͻȻ䱬˳˲䳬缸ʮȣʹڵħͽһ۾ʼĲҺͻ۾ɱױȵģȻ⵽ĹҲʱ۾ʧ״̬
ܿԼǿʹ֮˵Զͨ˵ǿȣڵϡĵطǿĳ̶Ҳż޵ģܶٵǿִֵܵ˺
Уһ쾳ߣƾԵֵЩǹеĹڵϣһȻģЩǹе쾳߾ƻҲǿ󣬿ԷȴԲ㣬ΪĲ嵼µǿڱԭ
ʹҲƾ֮ȥֵЩǹеӵͨһЩַ߶ǻһЩģܹȥӲӵĻǲɵȥӵϾģҲ׵ͨʱ򣬾ӵˡ
Ϊʲôħͽѵأʵǿ۳ԱЯǹеʱ򣬻ʧܵˣֱһͿأΪǸĻᶼûУǹеǰǵǹеʵǿ֮ʱħͽǱͨҲòȥ
Ӻսһرڵ㱻ɹİγҲԶϵڵڣһصħͽǣѡһϢǿħͽֱߵǰ
ңħ̵ϳ
̹һֱ˵ʵ


922 Ѩ
ħͽʵȻڵǿˣǺȻǲܱȵϵģ̾ͱĶ󷨸ˡ
Ҳ֪ܲÿιȥ㱨ʱ򣬶Ǳʹ۾ȥģµķһ֪һ㣬Ӧȥġ
ħͽػص
ߣûʲô쳣
üͷһʵ
ǰһλ쾳ĸֱʥֽ̣ٻݦǽӵɽȫѲȥ򣬾ʱҽӵжȡˣٻݦѾ쳤ץסˡ
ħͽѾĶ󷨿ƣȻ֪ʲô˵ʲôû˿
ΧħͽȻҪֹǸһǿΧȫװĶǵ۳ԱһʶĵԴȻ׼񣬵ǻûĳ̶ȡ
쳤ץסˣ
һ֪һٻݦϢȻʲôϢܺùʲô쳤뿪ûУ
ûУҪ뿪Ļ쳤һ˻ᾭǸģǲûп쳤뿪
ħͽ˵
˼ŵ˵ͷħͽ֮һЩħͽȫסˣ´µ
ħ̵رеڵ㶼ѾǰγˣھͲϳˣӸղŵλħͽе֪ϳλӦλڴ˴ߵλãҷֿСҪҵδϳҵʱҪһҪʱĻ㱨ң
е۳Ա֮Ը
ǣ
۳Ա뻮һĻӦʼ˽֮á
֮ԲóԱΪϳʱһλħ̵ĳϴڴ˴ħ̵ĳϿɲͨħͽЩһӵǿʵͺǴھɽļдһӲĴˣ˵ĻҲҪһۡ
λ쳤ϣȻûкչ棬ʵҲȼдȥܻ׽ٻݦѾ˵Ǭ˿µʵҪ֪Ҫһλ쾳ߣɲһ򵥵飬ʵԵѹƣǲܵ顣
̣۵ĳԱɽϸŲЩпܴڶߵ֮ĵطԶɽԵĶҲڲͣ߸߼˵豸ɨŸɽ壬豸ĳЧĽز㣬̽Ƿпռڡ
һɽ嶼ʵĵģɴʯƼɣΪؿǵ˶ʹػ༷ѹոʳγɽ塣
Ҳʱɽڲڳ־޴ĿնֵطȻγɵɽλǽܻء
ҪѰӵо޴նĵطĵطпܾħͽǵĲ֮
˫£һٶȷǳ֮죬Ϊرеڵ㶼ѾǰγˣʣµֻҪѰħ̵ϳ֮ؾͿˡ
ڶİ£ǶԺܶطҪѲ飬ȫһӶԼ˴ʱ䡣
һСʱ֮󣬶ͻȻϢ
ǶʮңԼĵطɽо޴Ŀն̽Ⲩʾٳƽףһ޴ĵ¿ն
̽ϢͬʱҲе۳Ա
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һ۵ͼǰԶĵͼ֮ϣѾʾһƬ޴ӰӰͱʾն
ӰĵطǺԶ֪Ŀλãһǰеٶȷǳ֮죬һĹѾ̤ӰıԵλá
ͷжȡҳڣǧҪСĽһЩΪпǴ˴ħ̵ϳ˵ڷأҪ񣬲Ҫˡ
˸ƣ˵ͷӰʼѰڵķλ
۳ԱҲɢ˿ÿѭһϸļʰߣСʱʱ䣬۳ԱѾ˺ϢڵĵطѾҵˡ
ӵϢ̳˹ȥǴڵĵطλһ޴ɽʯ֮󣬱鵽۳ԱҲûע⵽ʯʲôԣϾɽ޴ʯҲǺܳġ
װ˶λǵȴ˶ڵķλڶɨ֮£̾ͷ˾ʯȻһ׵ͨͨ᫣ڵͼγһнһﳤӰȻγ״ͨʵ̫ˣ̾ͱ֪ͨˡ
ϸоһͼ֮ͨ˹ĿԸߴųϣ˵ħڴ˴ϳ
ȻѾȷĿ꣬ûκεĳɣϾٻݦѾ䵽ħ̵Уħ̵ĳϳץסģÿһӣٻݦΣվͻӴһ֣£ϣٻݦȳϾٻݦǱħ̻ȡϢ
ţҵźжһ̾ͳȥĵʵǿܶ࣬κγֵĵˣȻɱ
֮ǰ´һ˾ʯԱߣֵס˾ʯȻһߣ̽ʯ΢΢ƶ˿¶һ㹻һͨеķ϶ǵ϶֮С
϶һɲǣ˵Ķͬʱһ޴·һ˲ܵʲôǿҸһ㣬սͨûõʱ˻
ȥ֮ͨ﷢죬֪˶֮󣬹ȻûеõκλӦ֪̾ͨѶ豸ûʲôôˡ
ҽ֮ǲͨѶ豸ֱжˣ
صͨ棬ϵ˶ȷϡ
֮ͨзǳǿĵŸţԸŸͨѶ豸źŴ䣬޷ʹͨѶ豸ġ
Ǳ̶豸ͨѶν˷һɲǣͨѶźžͱһǿĴųֱ֮ŤˣһȻĵβ㣬κεͨѶ豸ǰȻʧɫ
ȻĻҽȥ֮һСʱûгǾ̽пʼжһСʱҳĻǾָж
˼һ任սԡ
ǣ
۳Ա̵ͷʾףȥѰ˲֮ϸ⴦ڣժ˶ٴν֮ͨڡ
ͨȻһƬڣǲѵʶʹõʹںڰҲƽأҪ۾ȥ۲졣
˳ͨһ·ɿǰУ⴦ͨӿʼһֱ죬ཫǧ׵ĳ֮ܵǰͨ΢Ļ⣬ȻҪӽͨĳˣһգǰеٶ̽
ͨȻͬǰһһ޴ĿնѾƵ±ݵӣɽϵǿС䣬ħͽвͣѲţɽϵСڱĿϥ
۾һɨԵĹһ˴ħͽнˡ


923 ²Ϊ
ԭΪֻһݵ㣬ӾȻĳһӪȻڶħͽۼ
۲һ֮΢΢һԭΪһ㣬û뵽Ȼһ㣡
ڿҪ취ҵٻݦѺĵطˣô˵£ҪҵЩ鷳
һһһ˼һ鲻ϵĴɽĴ߶ħͽǣϸĹ۲ЩħͽĻ켣ѰſֵĿ϶
׼ץסһħͽȻ滻Ǹˣž˳Ǹԭ·жһĻͿԽĴ߶һ۲һ
˽ʮӵϸ۲֮һλħͽڽߣλϷĵڶϣж켣ѾȫˣҪľץסˣȻ֮·ٰˣͿŻѰһ
ϸĹ۲һΧ֮һʧԭأ貨΢ȫôħͽĴѲߵ£ӲϢĽ˸ղǸĿϢɽڷС
Ѳһ׼ϢħͽǰͻȻһӰʱһ㶣Ϊʲô˹̧ͷһ־ȻǸףһûдħͽ·һ֮̾뿪ڴУϧһʧȥʶ̱˵ϡ
ǰֵȼħͽʸûУ˲Ϣ֮ͱƷˡ
ȻΪ˻ȡϢûнǸħͽɱֻǻ˹ȥһħͽڣħͽ֮ٶȽħͽ˹
ջָʶħͽֱǰ̹һͱĴ
һж˳פڴˣ쾳жˣ
ɹʩչ˶֮ʵܿͻ˾ץʱжС
ﳣפһٶʮˣ쾳ˣһλǺ鳤
λħͽޱĻش
ꣿһλʲô쳤Ҳλϣ
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Ļϵάͼ񣬶۾Ȼһ֪ͨѾ뵽һ취
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ڴʮ׵ɽɲһС̣ǿйƵĻܻ·ħͽע⣬ڵĻʱֲһλħ̵ĳϾͻ᷵ʱ϶ᷢɽΧ쳣
ҡҡͷ
һѾǵˣҪɽϿһͨĻӦûܺʵġ
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ˣܣ
΢΢һ㶣뵽˵Ŀܡ


924 䴩ɽ
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϶˵˶ԿĿܷǳǿ󣬾ѾʧȥǼװһҪڴϷɽ壬ֻҪ÷ɽעĿͿʹɽǸʱ׾ܹڳɽʯӶٶڴϷɽ塣
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ڣһżªľϣٻݦڱĿϢĴ߶ħͽӶôԹԵĴ
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Ȼǹˣ˾ͽѾȫķص˾ͽңֻҪȥʹ󹦸ˣǴ鱨ҪϲӣѾĲ˶Ըħ̵ĲԣʣµͲùˣЩŽˡ
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˶ħͽأǬҪǿйȻǲܵ飬ǱŵĴˣɱ̫߰ˣΪ˾һ˿ҪˣǱžԲԸ飬ٻݦŻɻҪôȥ
ͷϷѾȫˣھʣһ㣬ֻҪһͿԴ뿪
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ٻݦЦһ
⿪𣿡
æʵҪǴһ书㶼ʩչˣȷЩ鷳
Լ϶޷⿪ģҪһ쾳ĸ⿪ڵķУǬʩչһΪɱָǳĴֻҪ֮ڲ⣬߾ͻȫж
ٻݦ̾˿ĵ˵


925 ӳ
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ָʱüͷһ壬ǬĪָôʩչɱ⣿
ɱָһ׷ǳ书ָħ״ָħָ죬˶Ⱳ޷䣬Ϊڳˡ
ָħƫƫͲаĿޣҵʺԼѹǾ书֮Ա˳ΪָħΪʹһΪ֮ǿھʱ֣ΪܵӰָħԸҲʮֵĹ죬а
ʱָħںһѧ书һ׺պָٻݦеɱ⣬ָָħãǿһʹһָоͻߴѨЩѨλһѨλһѨ
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Ǭ죬ֶָ͵ָħһҲ书ʹõһžҹ٣ʵǳǿƾɱָųħ̵ĳ֮һʵλһѽΡ
ٻݦ̾˿Ҳɱ⣬ǰµĻĵɱ⻹ǻĵһҼɣӳȥҲ˼ˣǲҪ˼ˣһϵˣǾӲǬ׷ɱģʵǿѾ쾳۷ʵˡ
ĵаտԽɱЩ鷳ʶһλͨĸ֣˵а취Խɱ⣬ֻҪӳȥˣͲҪˡ
ϸ˼һٹһӣҾͻֱӴĵز㣬̾ͻᷢʱһͨǬҲܴ˴ĳڻһξ룬ǬҲ׵׷ǣֻҪһ룬ҾͿԽзɻ뿪
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Ѳߵħͽһߴĺţһ߿ٵĳҳ˹̾;·ħͽܿڵħͽˣٸСڵ·ɽڲϵԾųϿսӽٶʮֵĿ졣
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貨΢ǹھֵṦοѾ书һȫµľ磬Խ˵Ųˣٶȸǿľˡ
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мҡҡͷǬһתȻ䲪һĿľ⣬ĴתԴ۲ΧƺѰʲôһ


926 ̽鷨
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лѣĳһע⣬ٻݦ˾˰ɣʦڵѰˣ˻ĵҲŲ̫ʱ䡣
ﴫһߣӲ˵


927 ֮
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ߵһʱǬͻȻͣ˽ŲعͷЦ˵ǸٻݦҲҵɱ⣬õȵĵѾ֧Ųסˣ鳤ͲлˣΪʥ̳ͽÿһ˶ӦҲֻΪȷѡ
˵֮󣬲ȺشǬ˾;ֱ뿪ˡ
ǬԽԽԶıӰŭһҲͷ뿪ˣûлȥԼķ䣬ֱ뿪פأǬڣôҲȥ͸͸
ϿǬڰڵͽʵѾڸˣ֮ǺУҪǬһֲУҲѹֺл˵ķŭˡ
ħڲĹĶǲ̸ǱٻݦѾʫϵסʱʫϲڼңľͳȥϰˣֻиŷˡ
С֣ôôͻˣ˵뿪ȥˡ
ſʱЦʵ
Ѿˣ鷳ŷġ
΢΢һЦһԱվŵٻݦλٻݦѪӣӦжŰɣ
ԭǴѪӣԭϷһʱ׾Ȼûпʵ⸱ģѪûһմߵĵط
ЩȵĿٻݦһۣ˸Ц
λǸϣʥҩ쾳֣Ҳʥҩŷͽܡ
ٻݦҲһǾŷѾͨĸ֣˵а취⿪ڵɱ⣬ڻĵͲõˣҾаΪ⿪
Ǿ鷳ŷˡ
֪ݣٻݦ˵ҲܿŷޣǲðˣϾͨĸ֣쾳ĸֿȫһΡ
һ仰书һ磬Ǿ͸ߵûбˣ仰ݾ֮Ĳʵǡˣ֮ԶҲ޷쾳ֵʵͬ쾳Ҳ޷ֵͨʵǾ֮Ĳ࣬Ǹ磬⿿ûа취ġ
С
ŷڿоµǿɢźʯͷһȦ鼮ȻڲѯʯͷϢ
λѪٻݦСִæ
ߵŷ޵ߣ΢΢˵
ԭѪӣ棬жӵĴԣкܶʧĵط
ŷ޿һٻݦ˵ͷЦ
ŷǰˣ
ٻݦòĶŷһ
һ鷳֪֪ʲô취ܹµɱ𣿡
֮󣬺˿ڲʵ
ɱ⣿
׼ҳŷ޶ʱͣеĶɻĿĪǵָħָھȻ˻ָ
ָħٵɱָָ˻ʹãΪͣѾﵽ쾳۷壬ʵǳǿ󣬼ħǿһǬˡ
˵ͷ棬˫ֶָ书Ҳ书ʹһھҹΪٻݦץס֮̾ͱǬɱˣʱ仹ûн⿪ӡĻͻȫб
ɱҺ˽⣬ʥҩһλָħָ֣޲ڣǸʱָħոմָʱЩǷȱĵطδƣҲָħսֵԭҪһ׵ָͱҪϵȥĽָС
鼮ŷ޻˵ָָľ⣬Ͳ˵ˣʩչʱ򣬻ԽпµʹǿʹҲ˲еУѨֻɱ⸽ĹܰˣǾˣһɱ⣬Ҫ⿪ҲǺѵġ
ѣǾ˵޽ˣ
΢΢һЦ
޽Ķǲڵģ书ҩֻû˷ֽⷨѡ
ŷ˵ͷɱ֮󣬻ʣʱ䣿
졣
ٻݦæ˵
죬ʱӦü
΢˼һŷ˵мҩݣʥҩ֣ҿмҩݱȽңһζѰǺϡٵģΪǲƽɱָֻͨķǿƽˣЩҩݾǵʱҪסĹؼҩݡ
ЩҩݣǲǿԱ֤⣿
ʵ
ֻǿԱ֤û֮ǣڽ⿪ɱ⣬ڻºܴĴˣ⿪ܱ֮ܲûа취ָǾҪ컯ˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷŷ޵һ˿Ǹɫ
ûϵܱסһѾܸмˣлŷİæ
ٻݦ΢΢һЦƺ鲢Ǻ⣬˵ֻҪܺ˾ͽһѾûʲôˡ
İɣһᾡȫĹϾԺ˾ͽ㻹Ҫ̵
Ц˰ֵЩҩ֮󣬸ν⿪ɱƣ
һʥҩרƽӡķţʱһʩչҪȤĻҲԽ㣬Ժʣַѧһͻˡ
ŷ޹һЦ
Ҳã಻ѹҲԺ󻹻óأ
ҲһЦǾͷͷȥѼҩݰɣļҩݾͽˣ⼸ʱס˾ͽļɣ˾ͽҲ϶ܼǹİΣȥҲġ
ˣϴηֿ֮ҲǵİΣû뵽˹ǲעôѪһ书ԺǺˡ
ٻݦοЦ
˾ͽʺԶֻܲʱж̣Ƿǳľ쾳ֵ׷ɱνǾһҼʱѾʣһˣӲҪң˾ͽҵĸΪһ涼
ҡҡͷ˵
ʲôȻôصˣôˣ
ٻݦʱżü䶼šһ֡
ȻѾûˣҸһԪҵʱ򣬳˸ǴϢ⣬˾ͽʹߴҸϽȥ㣬ںԼʦͽ˵ĸ黹񡣡
˵
û˾ͺãû˾ͺãһʱĴҪҾͿʱָ·û뵽¶ȴǲ㺦
ٻݦһ˿𣬡֪ˣӦڼúõϾ̫Σˣв֮ǡ
ʵһҲкôģɳŻӵĿ٣Ļ޷ɹܵĻ׳ɳġ
ЦЦ˵ȵɣҩĴ֮һŷһȥ˾ͽΪ⿪ɱڵĻĵ


928 ٵ
ٻݦȥ˾ͽң˾ͽ㣬ʦͽȻһпû´⼤ĵʱ̣Ц뿪ˡ
һ·˼Уϴ軻һһ֮˵ҵڣҩһҩȫ˳µİڷҩıϡ
εΪ˰ٻݦΪ˰ԼʵҲǰͻȻʶģʱֻһ˼ΪҪȥȳٻݦʱ뷨ѹĵף»ص˼ңʱҲһˣ뷨Ȼٴθͷ
뷨ֵԭΪϴĽڵʱΪʫڵĹֲʫ֮Ĵִ֮Ȼʱͱıڤͬˣ䴿ʲûκεĸı䡣
ɴ֮ıڤѾƫԣȻֲಢǺԣΪʫܱıڤҪǿ󣬷ıڤҲ޷ѹЩˡ
ڵ΢΢ת֮ҲһʱɻѣԵת䲢ǱڤתκԵת䣬ڱԴϵת䣬ԭԵıڤӴ˾ԡ
һĻôͻҲͬʱ٣ôԺڤڱԵ֮ʱĸӵǿΪõ˱ԴԵͬڱʱӦļСһ㣬ȲϹȥʱԭȻ͸ղ෴
ȻⲢʲôܴӰ죬Ŀǰ˵Ҳʲô޴Ĳ𣬵ľ飬֪һֲõܻԺĹƫһԡ
˼ЩʱȥŤתʱ˾ͽ˶飬˾ͽʱͻȻʶ˾ͽڵÿʹã֮ҲǴ֮෴
˾ͽ֮չڣñڤȥЩôյıڤͻΪ֮һµı仯Ӷʹֻɲﶼġ
ͬʱҵһ֮֮ˣʵ̫СˣһҪܹڲִ֮֮͸ӵˣ֮ǿıڤͨİ취ûпЩ
ҲǿԶ֮ǿĶıڤǿ֮ͬԸ֮Ҳ׼ͬʩΪ֮֮ڤڤĵȼ
뷨ĸԴֻˣֻΪƽⱱڤԣ˵ļҪһ֮֮ϵĹУпܻþ޴ĺôһͻͨıϣɹ֮ͨС
ͨĿǰΪֹΪĵطζٶʹ÷ֻǼޱȵķУıѾķǳ͸Ͼʶľ֣
˿ҩǰ˫ۣԺиղŸļ֮飬ʱ˫ѾȫĿˣֻ۾͸ֻޱȵĹâǺڰеǿգȴʧʡ
ܹͨɹĿ磬ôҾͿԿʼˣǸʱҵʵ㹻ԱܶԭҪСȥ飬ҲԷʩΪˡ
˵һҩĸϢķɵһԣҩһһķ˶ڡ
ҪƵĵҩʲôǳĵҩҲǵûгֹĵҩУֵҩʹҲǺƵֻΪƽȵŻʹõֵҩ
ݵҩɣѡȡһЩеҩݣ˳ԵƣʵûֵҩҲûйϵֻҪں֮ʱСһЩͿˣκε⣬ԻſܲƳֵҩ
УֵҩΪٵһŷĵҩʹõƵȻߣȴܵһЩߵĻӭҲǵżȻ˵ֵҩԲŽҩ䷽
ƵĹ̺ܷӣһȱٵľԣ˭ȹĹ¼ſ֮Ҳȱһġ
οε׼ϵܲܳɹĽͨڱ˵Ҳֻͨ书ΪˣѾ˹Ŵߵ߳ɾͣһҫ
Ƕ˵ͨζָһڲָʵҪһһУΪ˽ڵľ硣
𵤱Ϊͨһ̱ڶ޷ߣ޷ʶ۷塣
һ븹Ӵ˷
˵Ȼǿϲɺص飬ΪȻѾ磬Ƕڵ˵ȴǴеĽָΨһİ취ûн֮ǰ΢Կؽָ
Ȼ˵УڵʵѾǺǿˣ仹ôʱӵʵ΢΢ûκεô
Ϊڶʢʱڵʱ򣬵ǣֻҪȫһԽݻ٣ޱȵʵܳΪǿ󣬱˵ǹˣϰٿԭӵͬʱ߱ըҲ˺һë
ӵйʵô΢ʵе㣿
뵽ɵ̾˿ʶһۣٴνעеҩ֮ڡ
ҩ·Ļ𽥵΢ٵҲ𽥽ӽβһĳɵֻҪٵһСʱңҩڶȻȴͿԿ鵤ҩǷɹˡ
ҩϵޱϲƵҩĹѾΣ˵ҿҩĸˣǴӿҩζѾжϵҩƵǲǷҪ
ЩҩƳĵҩȻܺĻٵȣЧ϶ҪǺҪںϵ֮ҲǺǿԵҩֻҪ߱ԣҪʱʹˡ
һСʱ֮һСҩƿ뿪ңĻٵѾƳɹֵҩҪʹõĻ٣Ҳûƶ٣ʮűʹöѡ
µʱ䣬ڼչؾ⣬Ҳûȥٻݦ˵ǽ⿪ɱһ̣Ƕ˵Ҫ⿪ɱ⣬Ҫ⿪ٻݦڵĻĵԼհ˾ͽڵơ
˾ͽƵ̣Ƕ˵Ҫһ飬Ҫȡ˾ͽڵ֮ԱڤΪ֮׵кڵ֮
ҲֻǸѣһжΪ˽ͨĹ̶ھ׼š


929 
ʱһξ͹ȥˣҪҩĺܿͱ˹Ѿȫ״̬Ĵӱչ״̬˹
һ뵵ĺɫ֣ƾճһľѪξѪһ͸ˮ֮У͸һֹɫâڹߵ²ϱŹʡ
ξѪǴѪһľѪ̺ʮӴѪ˵ֻҪ׵ĽѪڵʹϣͿԻĻָѪһʹõ洢װá
ҲֻѪôʹþѪΪѪѪ۳ģҪڵȻҲ֮ѪѪϵܲȥ޷Ѫġ
˵ξѪ˿ûжѪش壬ֻǵҪһ̺еѪϵȻñڤȥɣΪͨһӦˡ
ϸĴһеѪĵ˵ͷкɫһǵξѪѾʧҲ뿪˼Уȥʫϵס
ʫϵļУŷ͵Ⱥ׼ʱˣʥҩҩѾȫ͵˻غ֮󣬴Щҩľȥ˾ͽҡ
˾ͽҵ˶ѾϤˣ˾ͽҲѾˣʲôʱκǰҹ˾ͽҲûģȻҲԵ޹ʵİҹܵ˼Ҽȥ
롣
³֮˾ͽҵĹܼ̹Ӵȥ¥˾ͽķ䡣
ڣ˾ͽҵҪﶼѾȺϾ˾ͽʦˣǿһλ쾳ǿߣǺ˾ͽҵһǿʵеҲǷǳԺգܶͨ˵ܲʲôܺõӡ
ʵʵĨɱʵǿһɣκεطʵǿܻøĺôҲܵõŴ޹ֻʵǿĶѡ
֪ٻݦ֮˾ͽҲһƬţ֪ǰֵѪӾȻ˾ͽʦõʱ˾ͽҵ˾ͽڣѹ˼˵ߵĹӴٻݦ
ͨٻݦദԼ˾ͽٻݦ˾ͽҵҲ֪ٻݦʮĻˣҲһɱ˿ħ֮ѪϴаڣΪадȣٻݦǸʱֻһɥͽʹŮ˰ˡ
˾ͽҵ˶ʱֳ˼飬ҪԽٻݦĻӭ̶ȣϾٻݦȻ˾ͽʦܹȻ˾ͽˣ֮£ʦҲԵòôҪˡ
ʦͽ˶Ҫ鷳ˡ
˾ͽٻݦվ΢΢һЦ
ʱٻݦɫǰҪ࣬ȻϿõӣѾ͸ɢϢ϶ʱٻݦڵѾǺˣֻ쾳ǿΪѹƶѡ
ÿҺŷҪǣڿʱڵȥº󻼻᲻СǻǸϽʼưɣ
˰֣΢΢һЦתͷ˾ͽ˾ͽ鷳˽¥ϣûг֮ǰκ˶
İɣһֱӬɽģ
˾ͽ϶ĵ˵ͷ˾ͽҵһȺ뿪ˣפ¥ĸڴˣ˾ͽҶʼ˽ϣ߾ģʽ
ȵ֮󣬷ھֻʣˣŷڣ˾ͽΪûȬڴϣٻݦȻɵĻڵֻǻûбѣһޣɱĿ̳֣޷ơ
ν⿪ɱķѨ֮Ҫŷֻ֣һԸĻĵɣɱͻĵ⿪֮˾ͽˡ
εŵ˵һ
鷳ŷǰˡ
ٻݦ΢΢ŷһ
ڴϵ˾ͽȻΪ˹ԪڵѾһ֣ɺصƼڵ֮Ϯ˫ƾǹԪûа취ٵĻָֻĽ޸Ĺˡ
Ȼ˾ͽƺأǶ仹ǺҪõģٻݦҪƺһΪǰʱһ
ٻݦѾ쾳ĸ֣һͬǲƺԷΪǰģǸ߾ˣ߳һ綼һͳһƺΪǰ
˾ͽ֪쾳֮ϵľֻͨˣܹٻݦĳƺһǰˣ˵Կ϶ͨĸ֣Ȼ˾ͽ㲻֪ŷ˭Ⲣе֮⡣
һŷޣٿ˿˾ͽһӵ˼ļǵõһʱʱ龰ʲôģʱΪǱҪһ㡣
˺һʱѾ׵֮Ĳ࣬ߵˣȻѾͨĸ֣˲֤
ʲô˾ͻʲôȦӣʲôʵȻҲӵһͬʵĽȦ߳ͨˣ֤ѾʵЩͨĸִ򽻵ˣĻЩֿɲܼġ
˾ͽôģҲǶʮͷˣûмͨĸֳʲôֻ˵쾳֮ϵľ磬ʵҪ쾳ǿܶĴ澳硣
ͻȻһλ֣ͨ뵽֮ǰ飬˾ͽһʱЩ
˾ͽ˼ǧʱŷƺ΢ı仯ͻȻ˾ͽһۣϹһ˿Ц⡣
ǲ֪ʲô˾ͽ㣬ȴûע⵽ŷ޵ֻһ˾ٴδϷ͸һ˿֮С
ǿʼɣ
һЦŷ΢΢ҡҡͷٻݦ˵
ڷ˵طֱϯضﶼϺõ޵̺ڵҲͦġ
ЩҩݾǴҪõҩݣ⿪ɱҪ׶Σÿһ׶ζҪӦҩݣҽһ飬¾Ϳˡ
ҩȫȵķܣŷָһҩݿʼ˵һҪķãһҪʹãȫϸϸĽٻݦٻݦȻҲʮ֤ϾǹϵΣ⡣
㽲˴СʱĹŷ޲ŽЩҩȫˣҪעԼֵ֮ķӦǵٻݦһϤЩҩʱ֮гʲôӣǾͲýˡ
ϾɱǵָħԴָΪǵʱǿľѧָħƾָԦľҹ٣Ǿףһʱͷ˫ʱиûпԺᲢ۵ˡ
ȻʥҩһλɱƽķʧܵĿɺܴ󣬱Ͼÿ˵һ


930 뷨
ٻݦ£ŷٻݦ㼸Ѩ֮һӵı任һǿ̴ӿ˳һָٻݦüĴ
õһ׶εҩݡ
ԼӺŷͻȻ˵
ٻݦûҶһǰҩ̾ͱץУֱȥ
Сַ֣ΪƽרƽֵѨطַʥҩ״ʹƽΪ뵽쾳򲻶ϾȲ˱ˣҲΪ㵼Ϊпܱ
ƽٻݦϵɱ֮ʱŷҲû˸ƽʹעٻݦֳɵڣַҲżİ
ʱ仺ţܿ͹ȥСʱʱٻݦǰҩѾȫʧˣ׶εҩݶȥƽɱĲҲһ
ƣ
ȫ˲ۼΪһ߰ŷ޵ָ˲ߴͷ·һɲǼֱһ㡣
ߵ֮·һֱӴ̴ɱ˷ӡٻݦһѪ˳ڵϢɲǼָǿʢ״̬
ܺãεƽܳɹûڵΪͿˣС֡
ĵ˵ͷŷЦ˵
һϢ⿪ĵĶ
΢΢һЦٻݦ˵ʩչطʱڵǧ򲻿ʩչֻҪ־ɵ״̬Ϳˣ۳ʲô仯
İɣһƺ
ٻݦ˵ͷͳһ˿˲ǣ͵ȥ·Ҳǵ̺ûаĲ
ٻݦѾ׼ˣҲóһƴСӣӵɫд죬һʮҩģȻľͷʵȴҩģΪ޳ľľͷı治մҳʮֵ档
޳ľĺӣµİڷŰʮһ̲һɫϸ룬ϸŷ͸ĵ룬ʥҩղص汦
ϸȻʵģʵʵĲȴһʮϡеĿʯ׵ҽֿʯΪhʯֵпʯһ׵룬ӴԺҲûзֹhʯϢ
ڵõ׵֮оһ;ĴԣҿĿƱóʮֵ棬һʼõֵʱ׵뻹õĲǺϰߣ붼ȲϣǶ˼֮ͷ˵档
ͨĿƣóӿ뷨ٶȣٶһʼʲôƣ뷨еٶԽԽʱ򣬾ͻֳ׵֮ˣʩٶҪҡ
Ȼֿ쵽һЩ쾳ʶϵٶȣҪٿҪΪǿʶӵǿʶԲܷӳѹŷ˵λʥҩ֮󣬾ͺʹ׵ˡ
ʥҩ˲֪׵֮ΪЩ޷ƵٶȣżΪϸƷ˵һѨλĺǺصģûоԵİտƵ֮ôõİ취ǲȥʹ
ȡǺе룬ŷ޵бһɣʥҩѾǧʱûʹˣѾԽ޵ٶȣһ˿ԿƵ˵ٶȣüλͨĸֶ޷Ŀơ
ʩչ֮һҲڵģܿʹ飬ǾԲȥģͲھˣɱˡ
Ŀ΢΢ϢһʮϢ֮ڵ΢΢һ޳ľĵʱ𣬳̲һİʮһȵķֲٻݦϿգôһֳǿĿ
ҪЩ룬ҪǿҪǿϣΪ֮ʶΪ֮ȱһɣҲΪʲôط߽׵ԭ
һҪͬʱӵǿⱾһѵ飬Ϊϲûר书ķеֻھʱ˳ŽһЩѣҲΪʲôһЩͨĸҲ޷Ԧԭڡ
ʮһ̲һĵ룬鲼ٻݦϿգֳһ״̬Ǵطеĸ߽뷨Ϊ
뷨γд󣬽еĶȫռһȻΪ֮˳ƴЩ֮ڵĶأ뷨ĺ塣
ڹ˵Ѿ㹻ʩչ뷨ˣҲʲôĿܣʵ㹻ƿ뷨ҲΪʲôҺٻݦƱԽ⿪ĵصԭڡ
ʹ뷨㲻֪ҩĹɣҲ֪ҩ÷һԽ⿪ڵĶأΪ뷨ýҩƳڵĶأյķеĶأֱ뿪塣
صķףҲӵİȫϾҩֶǽҩҲһɷֵĶء
΢΢ŵ˫˲͸ľг֮;һֵͬɫ⻪ʮһ뼱ٵķ裬ڿб֯һһҵɫΩΩФʵľûʲô
⻪γɫľͿʼٻݦ֮صķͨ˵УͿһɫľڷ裬ŷ޵УȴϸϸĹ⻪ɫϲϵٻݦ֮С
ÿһϸϸĹ⻪һ룬Щ벻ϵĴٻݦ壬ȻٵĻصɫ֮ڣظؼ䣬ٶʵ̫죬ЩĶ
ʹŷ޵ΪѾͨ޷Ĺ켣ֻܸоϸĹ⻪ϵٻݦɫ֮Ѿﵽˣ뿴ĸһЩǲܵˣĿǰΪ޷ﵽ
Щ˼ٵķ贩̶Ҫһ˿ƫĿÿһѨλĴλúǳֻҪĵӴŷ޾һ̾Ҳ˾ϸ΢ĿƣȻڲɫѾ˽Сʱ
ʩչڼ䣬ɫװĶϵĴٻݦƮ˳ϿյɫյڣѾ˰СʱĺɫɫĿǰΪֹҲûκεı仯
ٻݦ΢΢˫ۣôڵϣɫϿղϵʱ仺ţһСʱܿ͹ȥˡ
𣡡
ʩչ뷨ʱͻȻһȣɫ̳𣬳̬ϵ·һɼɫٻݦ֮ϳһĺɫ


931 ̹
ɫľһɳװ·ٻݦڲϵıĺɫľ˽һӵʱͣ
ڴϵ˾ͽ㣬Ǳ߾ŵŷޣжһĨ޵ɫľۿʩչ˭ű˿տڰ׻֮ԡ
κһǶȿȥ⸱̫˼ˣֱΥ˴ͳѧ壬һ书Ȼľ磬ŷͨĸֶЩ˼顣
һ΢֮ɰʮһ̲һٴȥĵɵɫĿȻĽɢ˿˶ɻ޳ľĺźӵĸӾԶ
ˣĵĶѾҽˣԺҲκβĺ󻼡
Ż۾ٻݦ΢΢һЦ
̫ˣұĵסʮ꣬ͶأΪⱲӶлĵĿˣû뵽ȻĽ⿪˻ĵһݡ
һĵ棬ٻݦѾƮɶӯӯһݡ
Ӳˣ㲻ϧðΣգǱħڲΪ鴫ϢӦģҲǱӦΪ㸶ġ
һ̧һȻٻݦ
Ϣ֮ͶõһԿŵŷ۾΢΢һ࣬ɫˣֱƽŹЩʷУҲû˿ԳԽ
л
ٻݦ΢΢һЦ⿪ϵɴľˣɴĿʾˣҲ̫ûòˡ
ٻݦӣֻһĨζûж࿴ʲôͿڴϵ˾ͽ㡣
Ϊ˾ͽСˣҪһʱָѵ״̬֤ƵЧһҪ˾ͽС˵һ¡
˵ͷ˾ͽ˵
ʲô£ֱ˵ˣҲʶܾõˣòô֣Ļͺˡ
˾ͽһ˿ֵɫ˵
Ҳã漰ƣ򵥵˵ҿҪȡһЩꡣ
һ˼ֱ˵˵±ͺ˾ͽйأҲ׼ĨǵʲôȦӡ
ꣿܼ򵥣Ҫʲô˵ֻҪ˾ͽܹģһġ
˾ͽЩֵ˵ΪҪʲôǮڵݺʵһĶҲǸϵġ
ЩҪȡһ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ңڣ
΢΢һ㶣˾ͽ㲻˵ʲô
֮壬һѾ֪ˣ֮ھкܾһĳɳϵ׳㲻澭Ծ޷ڵġ
һһƣȻһΪλ쾳ֵĹ£ǸصԭΪڵʧȥǿѹƺ󣬱ˣڲȫĴݻ壬֮صԭ򡣡
ԣҪȡʲô
˾ͽ㻹ǲ֪Ҫڵʲô
֮һ쵮ľҪһȡߡ
˾ͽ㣬˵ʧһûκεӰ죬Ϊ㲢ԵĹԵľ澭ȡһ쵮ľ֮Ҳٲµ仰˵ԺҲڷֳһֵĹѹЩˡ
ģ̫ˣ
˾ͽ۾һΪ֮ԭЩѾܹĥ˾澭书ҲܷӳеʵžȻȡڵԺ󲻻ٲи˻ûκξܾ˼
Ļ̫ˣΪѹڲϲ书˺ܴӰ죬Ƕֵʱ򣬶ҪֳһֵѹЩ
ٻݦҲһ΢΢Ц
ȷʵ˲ȡһ쵮ľкܴĺôҪһΪԺӵķ㣬ΪԼ
˵ͷ
Ҫһ
ŷֵĿһۣ֪쵮ľ϶ʲôôǲû˵Ҫôá
澭ĴȻ֣书»֮ʣ쵮һ˾澭书Ĳ˵»ڵһƾ϶˲Сá
ķҲ֮ʹõģǱȥʹãУֻȡ֮÷ŷ޻ô껹û˵
Ҫһƾ
϶ĵ˵ͷʫϵ屾֮ʣǵҽϧǱܣʫϽڵӡˣʫҲڣϴĽ˵ʱʫ˵ĹУ佫ڵȡ˳ʫϴӴ˱㲻ˡ
㷢֮İ취
ŷ޶ʱһȻô˵ˣô֮⣬ҲҪ˾ͽڵˡ
ŷ޵Ļ˾ͽٻݦҲһֶ˵ζʲôǽһֿԵ׳٣ζŷдֹĶط
ʫڵһĹӳҷڵʼƫԣȻΪһԵʣӴ˲٣ȥ书·߾ͻֺܴı仯
˵һֱ취ʱ£ڵҲ׵ıˣЩȡѹƣڵƸȬ
ԭڵһ㾡ȡߺˣѾô꣬ҲҪˣ˵ܶаһú¡
Եɣ˾ͽ¶һ˿΢ЦҪЩǣֻҪܽκþУ˵˳һжֳؽĿʹҲ˵һǳֱͳϿҵˡ
һ˵ȷʵкܴĺô֮ǰĲ²ûдĻõһоųɵĿܻͻƵͨ
΢΢˵ͷЦ˵ԲýЩ˵ģǼȻҶѣҲŴңЩҲûʲôģʵǿ˶кôġ
ʲôųɵİգ
ŷ޶ʱˣֱӴվ֪ĵļ̶жôľҡ
һ˵ųɰյʱ򣬻Ҳζٷ֮ٻɹˡ


932 
ٷ֮ٵİս׵ͨĻ˵ˣʢʱڣũϵȳֱҲû˸˵Ļ
˵ǽ׵ͨǽ쾳Ҳû˸ҿֺڣײҪõͻۣҪĻǻԵԣȻڷܿޣҲǾ޷ͨһЩԭΪ޶۵ˣȴǳɹͨľ硣
һ֮û˸ҴŰƱ˵Լһܽ׵ĳ磬Ҳпܻô룬ǾԲ˵Ϊһ˵ڣ¿Դ󡢲֪ߵغӡ
˵˵ˣһǵŷͨĸ˵˳ڳİŷڵˣĻȴûаĳЦ֮⣬еֻһ֮ɫ
ʲôˣڳ˶˽ģǿڶʮͷ;Ѿ׵쾳ˣڲһʱ쾳۷ľţ˵ʲôһû˸׵ķ
Ϊԭ򣬾ΪЩű漣Ĵߣ
ô˵ĻǺܿͻһλǿͨˣ
һʼľȥ֮ٻݦչһЦ
⵹ҿ϶ҲֻǰձȽϴ󣬻᲻⣬Ҳ˵á
ҡҡͷ˵Ϊȡڵ֮Ҫ̱չأʱݽ˾ͽһˡ
̫ˣ˾ͽܳΪһλֵͨƹ֮أҲӲٵ԰ɣ
˾ͽһЦ
̫ˣѾȲĵСֽˣСʺԣ׵֮ͨ󣬿϶иӾ˵ĸʮּ
ŷ޹һЦĵ˵ͷ˵
ŷˣȻûʲô飬ҵϢһСʱ֮󣬾ͿʼΪˡ
ҲЦŷ˵ʵҲûдڽ֮ͨʵ϶һʵķԾЩͨĸҪӵǿΪѾٶʹ÷ˣֻһЩķӵǿ
ڵû˼£֪⽫һʲôĳ
ϢʱٻݦŷҲû뿪ǼڷﾲĵϢ˵ĹѾϰΪˣʱضԽչش״̬
һСʱʱܿ͹ȥˣ״ָ̬˶֮ߵ˾ͽĴߡ
Ҫʼˣ͸ʦһ㲻ҪڵֻҪžͺá
˾ͽĿ˹΢΢һЦ
ţ֪ˡ
˾ͽĵ˵ͷ
ϵıӽ˿ŵһԣ˾ͽ㴩һۺɫ˯ڴϣᱡ˯Ա֤ʩ׼ȷԣһôıӣǾҲұ֤ÿһ붼׼ȷҪλˡ
ƵĹ̺ǰٻݦƵʱ࣬ٿһۻҵĴطԴ˵ҲһܣٻݦղûмʩʱʲôӵģۿˣΪʲôŷͨĸ֣޲ˡ
˾ͽ˵ʱԶԶΪٻݦ˵ʱ䣬ĸСʱ֮ŻջЩڿмٷ룬޳ľС
ͳһ͸ķŵɫâĵҩι˾ͽȥ
ٷһԪڵƾͻ֮ڳ׵ĸԭԭȵ״̬Ҫá
˾ͽ㾪ȵЦ
˷ôĵҩµһƣҿָģǶ໨һʱѣЩСҲûд󰭣Ӱ
˾ͽҡҡͷ
͸ģǽһɣ
ЦļͺúϢƺܿͻḴԭҪһطʼչأûʲôĻҿܻչʱ䳤һ㣬ʮ£һҡ
ţֱҸװ㰲žͺˣ˵ʮˣҪӴס˾ͽңҲ϶Ըģ˵֮أ
ƺ֮˾ͽһЩı䣬ڵ֮ȡ֮СŮҵ̬Ҳʼ˾ͽϻĸա
ԭΪ֮Ӱ죬˾ͽȻüȴǶһ˵Ӣܸ֮һ̫ǿƵĸоǷǳĺദǰһֲŮ˱ʣʱʧӰˡ
ãһ˾ͽ峤к֪ͨһǣǲҪġ
Цŵ˵ͷӣչɡ
İɣʲôġ
ٻݦչһЦ
С֣ȥչأҾΪػˣͨһС£ڼɲܵʲôţȻ׵İպܴ󣬵һʲô֣ĻʧܵĿԾͺܴˡ
ŷվ˵
鷳ŷˣ˹ػŽ׵ĿһӲ١
΢΢һȭЦ
֮ôˡ
ŷް˰֣ҡͷһЦ
֪˾ͽѾȬ֮˾ͽһƬϲ˾ͽҪûа֮⣬̾Դȥ˾ͽҵıչңһƽʱ˾ͽչصøʹá
ˣӽ쿪ʼֻҪû뿪ңﲻκ̤벽
ٺ֮˾ͽҵڣ뿪ҡ
ҵ棬˾ͽҵڰ⣬ŷҲ˰һӣôҵſڣĿʼϢ
ôˣ
ú֮˾ͽ̻ص˾ͽķ䣬ڴ߹еʵ
ѾûʲôˣָҷһԪֻҪ죬ҵƾͻ᳹׵ĸԭ书һ
ƺ˴˾ͽ㣬ڵɫɱ֮ǰҪõ̫ˣһڲϵɢ
ʲôַһԪ
˾ͽһһ˿֮ɫ۾
ĹԪɾǷЩˣ˾ͽʹ׼ʵеӰҲһЩҪȡĹԪ˾ͽҿòֵȼı
õģ֡
˾ͽķ˾ͽеɫͿʼ崦ﻹ֪ʲôʱοһЦ˵Ը͸ҵģҵȡһԪл񡣡
ȡһ
˾ͽ΢΢һ㣬һʼûзӦͻȻĹŹ˾ͽ֧֧ʵǲǺʲôǸ
ѽ֣ȥˣ
˾ͽһʼҲûӦ˾ͽ⻰˼ȵ˾ͽйŹζʱ򣬶ʱϼ˫գߵǴҵȡ֮嵮
ŶŶˣ
˾ͽҲ˸һʱԵЩΡ


933 ں
ڣѾȫ˱չص״̬ڵĻɫУʱһƽɫǰøմ˾ͽڳȡ
Ҫʼˣ
һɫıڤ̿ʼȫתӴĽʶ̴֮һƽɫϲϵİȡһЩɫĹ뵽˻ɫ֮С
ȴʫڳȡľ˾ͽڵҪǿĶ࣬Ͼ˾ͽǸߣСͿʼ˾澭ֵȼǳ֮ߵ书ں;澭Կ֮£֮Ҳڲϵ׳
һ֮ҲԶԿУڤ񹦵ʵ̫ǿˣҲһҪǿĶֻ࣬ǱҪʱ䳤һˡ
ʱţһƽɫڲϵСǵĺڣСٶȸǼӿ˲٣һ֮˽ȥ֮촽΢ţǰһƿ̷ɳҩԶС
ЩҩǰƳļ򻯰ĻٵþΪƽڵִ֮
֮Էǳȷĸоڤڷĳı仯һȫµγɣһں˱ڤ֮Լ֮ȫȻûȫĳͣѾԤе߱ǳǿ
֮ں֮Ѿǹȥ˽һڵʱ䣬ڼʲôҲûȫںԴٳĵ
֮֮ȫΪһ֮󣬱ڤɫҲԭȵĻɫˣǱһֵ͸ɫע⿴ĻעⲻھȻһ޴͸
͸ǿţһ͸Ľ״̬Ũӡ
״̬֣һϲҪͻƵͨԤף쾳Ҫ׵ͨڵͻŨһ׳ɹͻ̬ΪҺ̬ˮһ㡣
ˮһԶԶĳԭ̬Ƿǹʹߵʵȵӣ֮ͨǿ󣬲ΪѧԶ;ˣһҪԭΪҺ̬
̬۵Һ̬ܶȴǿȻҲĸӵľ޴Ҫ׵ڣҪڵΪ𵤣ʱǹ̬ˣִ̺Ծһ̨ס
ڵ£׽ԶҲ޷飬ΪڵܶȺ͵ȼܳɹΪ𵤣̺Ӵ;ҪʹӵʱڵĻ£Ҳ޷㹻ͻƵ
Ҫ׵ڣһҪľǽڵߣֻһֲӵرߴӿʼʱڲΪʲôͬ쾳ߺߣʵôԭˡ
һ쾳ߣʵȫԺɨٰʮͬߣвʲôֵ飬ߣʵǷ˿ģ򵥵һϵķ߾㾡ȫҲ޷ơ
֮Ҫ뽫ɱΪӸ߼ֻѰһȼܶȶҪԶԶڴŵĵطп¡
Ŀĵص㣬ѾѡˣڰµĸɽǴ緢龧ֵĵط·һ޴󷨣󷨾ǵֵĸԭֻϡ󷨵Ŀ϶ڻй¶
صѾˣȱٵֻ㹻ʵȥѣȻ޷֪󷨾жôһܼ򵥵ĵǾܹһ޴󷨵ˣʵǾԲȥġ
һ㣬֪ôˣ֮ҪͻƵָͨʹ÷֮취ǸصڽȻǸΣԺܴ󣬵ѾĿ꣬ԭĿĵˡ
ĿļƻҲǸɾʮ㣬չپõʱ䣬ԹԣҪٶȻص磬Ǳ뾭һС
ڱڤѾȫ֮һɢŹϹѪҺҲ˸УǴѪжǵѪҺ̺ʮӴ
Ѿ൱ǻߵͨȼѪʱҲǳһ˵ǻޱȱģĻÿһľѪڶ̲ʮ־Ӵ
˵̺ǿѪϵľѪֻѪһ˲ãƫƫǸ⣬ӵеıڤκһʲô͵ֻʱ䳤⡣
ǵξѪ͵͸ем֮ʱһĿɫâʱǵξѪϱ˿һλŷ߾ͳ֮С
ʲôط
һ֣ͶӴİ͸в˾޴Ŀ־壬̱仯ˡ
˼ȻھѪڻ̲źһ־ѹѪһֻʹһλľѪҪʹֲͬľѪͻᱬؾµ־ڸɣ
һ翵ͻȻ˿յĿռڡ
˭
̧ͷܿȥɫ֮ͫһĨѪɫ
˭ҪҪµξѪ̺ϾҪһˣµҵľܿͻٶͻˡ
Ǹ翵͸һ˿Цζ
ֱΣѪ֮ˣ˭Ѫ
мЦһҡҡͷ
㲻ţͿźˣ
䣬翵˲ʧˣһΧǵξѪľ޴͸оͿʼתһĹѾĿӰˣֻоһɾ޴Ľʶ֮ڲϵǵξѪһѪɫӾѪڲϵɢȥ
ʲô
߶ʱ󾪣һСһ΢СӰվǵξѪ֮ϣΧѪɫİţֿǾ޴Ľʶ֮
㾫ѪѪϵȫȡˣʱҿ㣡
֮Ǹصֳˡ
ߣΪҪ㣬ѾǸˣⲻµһ־ѣȻ֪֮εõξѪģһа취еɣҲ̫СѪˣξѪѪ壬㲻Ѫ֮ˣôʹõʸûУ
ͻȻ˹һٶȳ˵ϿգΧǵξѪɢѪɫ
˫ͻȻڿзһӵķţָ֣ʳָָ΢΢๴һֵָֻϡ
ȼѪ
ſһȣǵɢŹϹѪҺ˲ͱը˿


934 ףͨ
ߵȼѪ֮£ǵɫľѪ˲䱬ըһɲǼͳһ޴ɫƶ䣬µӾѪй񱩵˷ȥ
˾޴ıը֮ǸֻʣһƲд־Ȼ޷ȫˣھѪը˲Ѿҷûκεټ
ǻ鷳벻һ˶ڳһҪô򵥵ƻҵļƻûô׵ģ
Ǹ翵ٶ֮ǰȣһ˿أڵ֮ʶ̽
һȫٿرڤγɵĽװУ޴Ľɱ֮̽˷ǵصһűɫƶѹȥɫƶ䱬ըʮ־޴󣬵ҪԵȴ֮
ֻϢʱ䣬Ѿгɹѹ˾ѪըڱߵȼѪ֮󣬾Ѫɵӣԭֻһݵǻӵݡ
ԭƻڽξѪڵȡϣȴ㻨ʮʱ䣬ŽеѪ׵գӴ֮󣬵Ѿӽװʼ𽥵һ˿ĸо
ˣҪͻˣ
оһ˿ı仯жʱһϲ̱Ŀεıչأʼȫͨƿ
쾳ʱѾ㹻ͨûκεĻɣ书Ҳ⣬ΪĸԶ书Ҫ߼ֻҪͨһͿ߼书硣
ʱ仺ţһת۾͹ȥһµʱ䣬һŷĵϣżȿˮ⣬һڷûгԹһֱϣ˫Ŀ΢յڴϢ
磬ҵĲԶһŮٵΧص˾ͽһŮʱûмһתͷԶ˾ͽµĲκ˿ҵĻҲ˶Է硣
ڵϢŷ޻۾һԶ߹Ů¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ѿͷܹˣ
΢΢һЦŷʵ
ŷǰչôˣô
߹Ů˾ͽҵ飬Ҳ˾ͽһɫ˾ͽ㣬ȡڵ֮ԭһ˿Ӣ֮Ѿ׵Ĵʧˣȡ֮Ůζ
ʹѾ˹ž޲ŷޣ˾ͽҲ̲סгһ˿
Сֿͻͨľ磬ϷͻƵʱ򣬿㻨ʱ䣬ҪСܹһҵʱͻƣǿǰ޹ˣˣ
ŷҡҡͷЦ
ʲôɣ
˾ͽ㵣ǵĿһڵķ򣬡Ҳ޷ϵһʲô飬Ҳܼʱİô죿
İɣɵѾͷȻΪϷΪʲôһֱ棿
ŷ޺ǺһЦҵĸӦУСִʱϢȶڲϵļǿУϢÿ춼ڳڶûͣҹſҪﵽˣܿͻͨصġ
ԭ鷳ŷǰˡ
˾ͽһ⻰ʱĻϲܿˣֻعͷŷȻһЦǰ
ЦȻ׿˾ͽ㣬ŷЦҡҡͷԴ΢΢ı˫ۣʼĿϢȥˡ
һǿͻȻɽХӿ˳񱩵ֻһɲǣ漴ʧӰ١
ܵƣŷ˲վתңһ֮ɫ
Ƶıֻһ˲䣬ѵͻʧˣ
ɻ˼һŷ˵ͻƳɹʱӴʹԼһʱҲ޷ٿȫκʱ϶ɢǿѹһЩ޷ӽͻƵֻάһ˲䣬Īǳʲô⣿
ŷɻѵʱҵŴˣ漴˳ȻֻڻŲӣһ̧ŵĶѾ˰׿⣬ٶȿ쵽š
ҾٶȣԭؾȻûκεĲӰӰ·Խʱգֱӳһط
ԶԶŷ޾ͿˣЦһ֣׼չˣȴͻȻһӼ׵ΪǰѾʧˣ󱳴ȴǸоһɾ޴в֮⡣
˲ת˹ȻϣѾӸղŵĵϷʧˣʱվԭȵĺ󱳴һ˼ı鿴ԶգƺЩʲô
ƺĳֶľ磬ŷҲţԭȵϣôһĿ޷ε֮⡣
һ̣ŷѾûκεĻɣѾɹͻƵͨʱڵϢѾȫ޷֪ԭ쾳֣ʵǿޱȣŷܹһϢ
ھվǰҲ޷ӦκεϢֻҪ۾·ʧһ㣬ֻĿȷվĿյƭһָй٣һսУǽķǳĿ¡
⾯˾ͽˣڳˣ̳һһ뿪ңȻѾأҲͲҪˣ˳ҲԽصϢ峤
֪Ϣ󣬵һʱľ˾ͽ㣬˾ͽҵ˻ûеʱ˾ͽѾһ˱ı˹
ԶԶļ˾ͽſӣС뺰һȴʱͻȻһ
Ѿͷȱ𺰣СƺڸʲôŵԽߵʱ򣬶Խףÿһζ򶼿Դʵľ޴Ծʧʧ
ŷſڣһ˾ͽ㣬΢΢ͷʾ
˾ͽæ˵ͷҲǰǾվԶһĹ˾ͽҵ˸ϵǻûü߹кͱ˾ͽղŷ޵Ļظһ顣
һʱ䳡ڵնʱЩŹһ˾վ룬̧ͷĿտգеͷϿƮ
ŵһŷޣǰԶվŵ˾ͽһȺҲҳˣ¾ŵǸʱ˾ͽҿɾͱˡ
ʱһ˶İƴԶƮ˹һƬ޴ӰԶĿһʱĵⶼ޴İƸסˡ
ƺǱӰ飬ɴڶ״ֻ̧̬𣬲κεƣϿյİƾһ˹ȥ
ûʲôӴƣҲʲô޴Ķһĳ֮ջ֣·ʲôҲûһһĻڳ˶һͷˮ˾ͽҵˣǲ֪ڸʲô
ֻŷޣƵһ˲վ
ƣ
һĨ𾪵ɫŷ޵ͫס


935 
ŷ޻ʱ˾ͽҵ˾ͷֱңңĻһ޴ƲʣȻǱʲô޴ǿмѹһ˲ͰȥƾϢɢ˿Ϊ˿˿Ƶ״
ƶķȻûжǿģϾƶ䱾ֻˮĽѣôͣʵͺһ޴޻ûʲôߵжˡ
Ҳڸ˾ͽϵľȺ;η飬һ޷֮ʱŻֵĲɻĻϸо
һɢƶ䣬ƾǰһٸоʮŸ˵Լܹһͨ˻һƣķҲԽƶųһ˵гɵˣ˶
һɢǶƣ˿һĳԶ룡
һƴƣȻԷ䵽һĵطǾһǧ׵ľ룡
ûһ߸˵Լ֮Էɵһ⣬ǿǿҲ幥ǽ쾳ַı־һܹʮ׵ľѾ˲ˡ
츳һЩߣǿһЩߣҲᳬʮ׵ľ룬幥ļޣû˭ԳԽġ
Ǹղһƣܿûʲôǿƣһų֮ȴǽһһ޴ƶ˲ɢµĹңԶľ룬ȻԺƵķǿĹ
һǶĹȥģôĺΣֱ˲󣬿»һ֮£˶ᱻĵķѿ
ȻѾ׵ͨôǿ󣿾Ȼڽ׺ĵһƣʺԣʵ̫ˣ
ĬĬĿıӰŷһпʹղչֵһƣҲʵ̶Ҳܸߣȴ޷ͳԶľ롣
ѾϳʩչƣŷȻʮֵ壬Ƴ˵λʼƵĽ׶ΣҲû磬ǵڶ
λƵľ֣һļڣΪϵ굼ɽ鱬һŭ֮µǶ߷壬ƵǿӲɢϵƣٴαء
Ʒ֮ԱΪƣΪԭ
ڵƺƵϱȵλֻҪǿ󣬾Ȼ赭дͻͷϿյǶƲʡ
һƻƶ֮󣬲ʮӵʱͻعʵղѾע⵽˴ҵĵȷʵΪ˶ľ磬ԲûˣֻһԹԵվﾲĸ
ŷ޸ӦûдȷʵѾ׵ͨҾǸս磬ʵҲȥһΪһµľ磬ȻŸĸ򣬵ĪĻָ֮ͨķ
Ȼϵϡ޷߶һķΪ޴󣬲ΪشԭҪԭ֮һǷ̺˾޴
ʹ÷ʱ򣬲ֻڵͬʱⲿֵ֮СԲܽӵ£֮ʩչĲ࣬ϾͿԴ
ڱչؽ֮ǰھѾʵһȻֻʹһͽ׵Ļķǵ΢Ļڶһ̣ѹƲסĵļһǿƶʱɢ˳
ŷ޸Ӧľ޴ѹʵʱѹ׵ĹϢģûгʲôǿƣֻΪٴʩչ˷ֻһ򵥵ĻȲϵķҲһ
Ӧջ͸ľ޴ƣ棬տϰƶ䣬Ȼһ˲˶ĸӦ̶̵ֻĲСʱȻͽεƸˡ
Ƶλ֣ҲһֱƣΪܵˮֺϮգһŭ֮µǶ߷壬ŭֻյƶ䡣
ܺλֳֵĶһȴƵľ裬Ȼûƣǵ磬һжԳ֮ˣͨľ磬ͨ߿ⴧȵġ
ϲɹͨӴһλ֣
˾ͽӪ֮УһعٻݦϾҲһλ쾳֣Ȼӵǿ˾ͽ쵹ǲЩ֮УʲôѾ뿪˾ͽˡ
ӹˣոս磬ණҪúõĸУһһϦ飬ˮۡ˰
ջ˿յ񣬳ٻݦ΢΢һЦ
ϲ
˾ͽҲ˹ٻݦȥˣҲ˹Ϊ֮Ĺϵһ㣬˵Ҳࡣ
һڣͱٻݦһۣϾѾͨĸ֣վڵ۷徳һС֮һĸ֣ݲðԴģһʲô϶ʱٺڿɾˡ
ٻݦĿ⣬˾ͽͷ
ûϵֲˣô⡣
Цҡҡͷ
˾ͽҵһȺʱҲߵǰЩ˶˾ͽҵľӢǸɣǳ˾ͽҵмÿһ˾ͽҵ˲ţ˾ͽҲˡ
ϲǰͨ
˾ͽ£һȺ˹ĳһ
Ȼ˾ͽԺûûСĴк˾ͽҵ˿ɲôϾ˾ͽǸŮӣ֮ĹϵҲ΢˿޷һ㣬ڶԴϣóԴǰĹС
ղ˾ͽңΪףһɹ׵ͨһҪһϲ°
һԥ˾ͽΪ˾ͽҵļϾִôãǺһΪûгƺǰ
ҲãǾ鷳˾ͽˡ
˾ͽԤ֮⣬ûоܾˬĴӦ
죬֪ͨ׼һϺõļȣȥ죡
˾ͽһϲæͷԸȻŷ޿϶Ҳˣ˾ͽһ֮ͬʱӴλͨĸ֣忴ֱǲҫ
֮Уһ쾳ĸ־ѾˣǶڴ˵ڻмλ쾳ĸִڵģһλͨĸ֣ǿľײβˣĵ֮УĿǰڵͨҲᳬʮָ֮
׵磬Ҳζվ۷ľ磬ԵĿǰĻԣҪ׸ߵľҲǲܵˡ
ͨζռ


936 뿪
˾ͽҵϯٰĺʢȻμӵ˲Ǻܶ࣬ҲúϾչλͨĿˣ˾ͽ˿ĵȻһϯˡ
ͨ飬ʱϣλܱܣҲôͱ֪顣
˷ʢ֮˶˵
ǰģǾ԰䣡
ĻҲμ˾ͽ̷׷ظʾ
ô˵ҾͷˣʱһҪһЩ飬Щ鲻͸¶̫磬Ȼֽ֪סҲǳᱻ֪ģҲֻסһһҲûʲô˼Ҳ̫ĸ
΢΢һЦ˰ֵ
漣벻ϷȻҼ֤˻ǧֽͨףһ룬ò˼飡
ŷ˱оƣʮָпһЦ
ŷˣҲֻðˣʫϵİæҲ˿Ľ׵ͨʵʵĻҲҪʮҲܽװɣ
һЦ
㿴׿Խ˵ĻǺͨ˲һʮͨ뵱Ϸʮʱ򣬲Ÿոս쾳ѣͨ벻鰡
ŷҲҡͷһЦ뵽˵һп
λ֮ͨ죬˵Ȼǲ岻ϻģ˾ͽҲǹɵﰲЦţŷһһ˵ȵϯʱѾƺϸϵܣȻ֮֮ĵλࡣ
ʹŷǰҲܿһɶõţѧҽȡ˾˵ĳɾ֮ͣɲһ㣬ô쾳֣ŷͨĸ֡
˵쾳ֺ֮ĸֻ׿ݵļĻֵܣôͨ쾳֮ͺһˣΪͨվ۷Ҳվ˵۷ľ֣ˣֶָ
Щַݺͼӣһѵ飬ϾЩʱ䶼̣һĹѾһָ߸ϵʣǳΪ֮ͨ󣬸ָߴʤĸоѾѺ͵ͲεĽˡ
֮ԻûָоһΪľͷǳ֮ߣɽٺڵľ缴ʹ綼ҪĴǳᣬûʲôӣԿҪŷЩһֺͨദĶࡣ
˾ͽļŷ޵֮˾ͽҵҲʼһһ˵ס˵ĥӲݣҲ˳㽲һľ飬˳ָһ˵
һŸոնʮͷ̵ģ˾ͽЩѾʮû˿ΣΪľԶԶĳǣ;ĳɾͣѾӡ
ȵ˵Ĳ֮ͷѾƫˣĽɫâӴսڣ·һůĹΡ
ʱҲˣһЩҪȥ죬Ͳˡ
΢΢һЦ˵
лǰָ㣡
˾ͽһȺվĶһּĸָĻɲʲôʱģĲҶ˵յһָ㣬书ҪԾһСΡ
ŷ뿪֮ٻݦû뿪Ǿ˾ͽңڷҲǹ¼ҹһ˾ͽͽܣȻΨһͽܶ׽׽ˡ
˾ͽȻҲܸٻݦˣ˵ģѪӵͷ֪ٻݦʵԲȥˣƽ޹ʼһ쾳ĸ֣˾ͽҵ˿ҪЦĳˡ
ٻݦ˾ͽҵõȻҲǷǳ߼ģԸ£ٻݦô˾ͽסˣԺҲ뿪ˣʲôҪ飬ȻĻͳ˾ͽҵĴӪ
һ䣬ŷ޻ȥʰһ֮Ҳ뿪ʥҩУԸ¸ָʫϵǰ֮ʱָʫҩ
ʥҩǱҪһδǵ׷ɱũˣȼ֮ѪϾ͵Ǹʹ֮йأŷǾԲβ£˾Ȫ֮£Ҳʥҩĸλǰι
Ͼô˵ũ϶ʥҩһĶ£鶼ˣһΪũٲݾȥ׷ɱũϵĺᣬǾ̫˵ȥˣ˭£Ǵ治֮¡
ŷԻȥֳ⣬ȻǷĵģֻŷ޲鵽׵ʱһҪһΪӦΰһȼұѩޡ
²ʥҩĴȻȥԸʥҩץʹ֮ˣҲǾԲŹġ
ŷ֮ͺƹ˼·ߣֱȥõĵ»ء
½ʱ½ڰ칫ֵһصʲô飬ˣʱͣ˻⡣
ȥʱɲ̰һˣǱߵô
½óһɳֵ
ԲĽˣʦͽشһǱɱ⣬һ˴Ѿ;ƿˣҪҺŷһһοɾˡ
ҡҡͷҺκŷһƳ˹ԪЧȷʵǲȻҲȲˡ
ԪƳ˹Ԫ
½۾ʱɴˣһԾģ
ŷҵõ˹Ԫ䷽ŷһռʣĲϣڽԪ˳
˵ͷӿڴͳһСƿݸ½
ȻǹԪ벻ҾȻһܼʶִ漶ĵҩ
ԪһĿţÿһŶ͸ŵɫâ½Ŀһ֮󣬵ݸֵ죬ֵ쿴֮󽫵ҩƿ֮ڣ׼ƿȴֵ˻ȥ
Ŀŵҩ͸λϸģںħ̽սңҲҪһЩҩͨĵҩ뱣ŲȱٵģԪ־ĵҩλϸϻǵñţһһ
ֵֵɫЦ˵
򲻿ɣԪֵҩô£ϵܣϸˣⵤҩջȥ
ֵһҡͷҪӲƿȥ
ϸ磬İɣԪ⻹ʮĿžǸλϸģ°ɣõԪĻǱȽˡ
˰֣һЦ
ϵܣҵǾõĻҪǶ࣬ϾʵǿĶҲʵǿˣǽֿǺΣյģֵҩҪ౸һЩϲС
½ֵ콻һ񣬼ִⲻջأҲװŹԪƿּĵҩܹͳѾ˵ˡ
ǰĻȷʵˣѾ׵ͨɾʹͬˡ
΢΢һЦ˵


937 
׺ð벻ôֽһˣһǵʵǿࡣ
½һʱûӦΪʲôСͻˣԼ˵һŻعʱĴɳֱվһŵĶ촽΢΢Ĳղţ˵ʲô
½ע̫ɢˣȷʵǰæĽͷöϵܸղ˵Ѿͨˣ
ֵҲһ𺳺;û½ʧ̬书Զ½ҪߵĶ࣬Ҳӵǿ
ͨͨ
½ŵظ飬۾һתֱĿʵϵܣĽͨˣɲҪϸ簡
ٰ
ͷЦһڽոͻƵģ˵ҲǻԵɺϣڱչһ¿֮ȷʵǽ磬ҲѾ繮ʲôˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣһģ벻Σѵʱ̣Ȼ׵ͨʮͷͨǧʷֵһˣ
½ͻȻһЦЩԼ·ͨһ
½˵һִˣʦѵĸڣ˵;ȡĳɾܹͣˣܹ
ԭħ̵ս˽Ƶ״̬Ϊ˫ʵʵ̫࣬ؼԵܹսƵһֱûг֣ڱͻȻһ׵ͨս̾ʹǿˡ
Ȼͬһĸ֣սҲǿǶһͨĸ֣Щ쾳ĸ˵һвһ֣ͨ۶ʲôط㹻ӡ
ˣҾϵ㻹Ҫ棬Ǻħ̵սȻţǻò̵ǳþһ֧Ҫؼʱֱ˵࣡
½ͻȻֹͣЦ֣µ˵
ףڼȥһЩ飬ߵս־ȽŶԸˣҪҵʱֻҪͨˡ
˵ͷ
ϵ׼ȥѾ֮ͨ󶼿ˡ
ֵ΢΢һЦʵ
׼ȥһձЩһûŪȥʲô֮ǰΪʵһֱûйȥڽͨʵҲ๻ˣСһĻӦòʲô⡣
üͷһ壬˵
Ŷûн֮ͨǰϵʵҲǾԹǿģȻձǱ˵ĵģѲʲôֲɣ
ôһ˵ֵ쵹ĺ
֣ձǿ϶еģҵĵĲЩˣڰȳֻҪµĶĴڣ
ҡҡͷоһ
ձֵùעЩ壬Ҳʲô֮ǰĶʿЩǱصǸ᪴ߣձ統һĤݵĲǿߡ
ƶϣ᪴߶ǿߣ֪Ϊʲôԭ򵽴˵΢᪴ߺп֮޷ԭԲһط˺ܶͽ׵ߣһЩ顣
ĻܹߣΪڷڣʵԻ᪴һֱûгֹ϶Ϊʲôԭ޷֣ô˾ͱʲôط
ڵʱӳԽԽϢռʥҩе뵤֮ʮԪԵߵļ𣬸޷ӴԪߵع
Уٷ֮ʮŵ߶޷ԪһعԪһ̾ͻ᳾鳾ǷᣬǷռ˵壬ԪǲṲ͵ӵģعԵ걾
ߵĵȼԣֻн׵ɽ֮󣬲ǿԪһعżҲֻǴѣ޷Ԫиġ
ܹԪƷʲô͵Ķжѵһ䣬ֻдĹĶʮֵϡ٣ǴΪµһ·
ӸѾ֪ƹ뵤䷽ҪҩģһֵɫҶȤҶûв´ĻӦþҶ
ǰǿԻΪŸȼ͵һǣǾżǣżǴϹʱھѾУ꣬ûмżǣֻӵһ˼Ϊפء
УżϵѾŨҺ״̬ʹʲôǾҺ˿˿ƵỺ͸ڣߵΪ˲˼ھżǵǺϣһ䣬Ϊ
Ҷͨ嵭ɫȻȫɵڵɫҶӣֻҪǳ֮һƬɫҶӷȥͿһǧԪ
⻹ֻʲôӣֻǷһƬɫҶӶѣƬҶ䵽ֵУĵҩԪǧꡣ
ΪˣԵ˵ϡ٣ٶҲǼ仺ҪʱܳɳɫҶӲûԪĹЧֻеɫҶӲС
Ե˹뵤ھȻҶӵʱе𾪿֪һưܲϣȻҶȫ֮ҶҶѾʧĲˣֻƳʮԪĵҩ
ΣҶֻھżϵһȫɲ²ܾľż֮һֻǲ֪Ϊʲôԭձ⸱ģ
˽һϵʷڻߵ֣͵ž޵ˣЩ˵ʡԣǷŵ磬ӵгΪһ뢵ǱܣڵϣȴΪ޷׽ڣջظ
һưܲǣ˵޷ǿߣƫƫϻǳһĳһʱһðַҲļ
쳣ڻ֣߳ձǱҲкܶ಻Ծĵط쳣ľǰѱΪĴȻ˵֮Ҫ֪ڵϣߵļԶԶ˸磬֮Щ˵һ翵Ĵڡ
ǴȴѾ꣬Ҵ洢ڵ֮УҪʱԽЩӳµ
Ѿڷˣߵķֻһܼ򵥹ܵķȴҲǵϵ߿ƳģһҪȥһձ﾿ʲôܡ
᪴ǿ˵˾ҪúõĽһˡ


938 ëϴ
Ϊǵձĳ絽ǿߣһҪ׵֮ͨȥ֮ͨȻ޷ʲôķϾʵĻҲҲ㹻ʩչһЩķˡ
ҪǸʱᶯЩסһȻûȥ̽ǲǴǿߣϵԺΪĻָܱŲûҪôԸǰ
ϵܣ˵ǲ֮ǰǰﶫʿ
½һ˼һ֮ʵ
ʿֻһǵһǿĸֽ֣ЩˣǳΪĵ߹ֻӰ£صĸֲµ
˵ͷ½׼˵̫࣬Ͼܶ½Ǹ޷⣬ΪЩе飬ϵ߻ûеǸ硣
ԭˣҪ߳һЩֹȥձ𣿱Ͼһ˹ȥձʵǿҲܹƵ£Ǳ˵ĵ̣ձôһֵĻ϶ͽﾭӪͰɽ
½еʵ
־ͲˣҴ۹ȥˣںħ̽սңҲǺܶ࣬ҹȥֻҪСһ£ʲôģҪסˣһ
΢΢һЦ˰ֵ
Ҳãһ׼֣ϸҲͲ˵ʲôˣԼһ˵ձһҪעⰲȫĻͻﻹкܴġ
ļ½Ц˵
ʰһ¶׼ˣʲôĻֱϵҾС
һ뿪˱ţؼȥ׼صˡ
벻ϵܾȻ׵ֱ̫ͨ˼ˣ
칫ֵпɳϣһ̾˵
ϵкܶܣûиǣЩûйϵֻҪߵˣͲõô࣬ʮͷͽͨѾ츳ʾͿԼ򵥽͵ˡ
½˼˵
ӸղϵܵĻУҲ˺ܶ飬ȷ鶼ǲ֪ģϵܲǣҲܵǣЩ飬ǵʵȥܰɣ
ֵԳһЦ
ҲɣǵʵȷʵǲһЩҪæﲻˣǰǰЩ鴦ðɣȵϵܻˣҲħ̾һսˣ
̾˿½ҡҡͷʱԺ󣬺ֵ˶Ըħ̵ؼƻ
ص˼еûżʰ׼Ǵ˸绰˴ҩģһ޴ľͰľͰֱףһңͬʱ߰˸衣
Ȼ۵˲֪ҪʲôǶķԸǲκɵģ̾׼صĶСʱʱ䣬ѾЩȫ͵ļС
ʱ㼸ŮûдѧУһڿһԶԵҩķűİڷźãĵطЩι״ҩݸռˡ

Կ׸ղţûȫĴ򿪴ţſھʹҶϦǻʱѾͺͣ˵³ˣȻ֪Ѿˡ
ΣЩʲôŪôҩĻʲô
һţؾͱǰѻɽһһѵҩݸˣ˦˽ϵɫ߸ЬЬҲ˲ôӼҡҡ׹ҩԱŲ˹ȥС߽˿
ˣ
룬ڴľͰϵϸдʲôеһСѾص鶼֡
Ҫʲô
⼸ŮҲ˽һŹֵӣʱһֵĿ
ĽЩ׼Ǻúõķëϴһǵӵʺ
ûнôӵĶֱ˵ĸ˼ŮĿġ
ëϴ裿Ҫඥ𣿣
һ⻰ضʱˣŮٶģΪûʲôȷʵȽϿһֱ˯ˡ
ඥָҵĹֱӴ㣬ëϴڵʣӵͨ͸ĺ֮нӸ˵ȻǷëϴˣ㲻棬ͬĵˡ
ҡҡͷЦ˵
㲻ҼԣʵǲԼ㡣
ؿͰ͵ĹǰһһߺĿеıʼǱ
ЩҩѾ˶׼ˣһεķëϴҪҸǴ߶ЧõģǺҲҪԼҩ裬ڸų
ʼǱ˺أվ˵ľͰҸ㶨ģȫľͰһһ˹ųڵʡ
ҪҪ·
ҶϦһµı飬ֽľ졣
ʲôأ
û˵ֻҪӴҩˣѵľͰУҵʵ˲СĽҪëϴ裬ûʵأ
Ǻðɣ
ҶϦһʧı飬ΪﵽǶѻɽҩݣҲ߿¥ȥˣֱһԾ˶¥
༸ŮûǴҩݶﴩ˹ȥһȥ¥ϻ·ȥˡ
һĹ򣬼ŮͶſɵˣվľͰϵǣһǻЩߵģһ
ˣɣҪʼëϴˡ
ߵĴľͰЦ˵
ûлǾôˮﰡЩҩôữĿˮҲҩ
ҶϦߵľͰԣͰˮʱһʵ
ˮˣȻ滹÷Ÿ¯Ӳܱ֤ˮ¡
ҡͷһЦİˮϣֻǼӵĹͰˮʼˮ̿ʼڡ
⹦ϲԺϴ趼ˮˣ㣡
һЦ
ˣɣץʱ䣬ԤϲĻҪ˵ʮСʱ
һ֣ľͰˮ̽ٶȻָ֮ǰƽ
żŮһһľͰˮøǵǵĲӡ
üŮʻΧľͰı֮ʼһһֵҩͶ뵽ľͰ룬Ϊˮû󿪣ЩҩҲֻǵĽˮѣᷢЧ
ȵеҩݶͶһ֮Ѿȥ˴Сʱʱ䣬ҩݵıʲôëϴЧͻۿۡ
ҩݶͶ֮Ҳȥ£һڿľͰľͰ롣
ˣھͿʼɣڷëϴĹУҪԼ񣬲Ҫ˼룬ķſպͷɣһнˡ
һЩע֮һɾ˵̴ɢ


939 ǧҶܿ
ɢǴͳϵȻ˸еһɽ緢ȣľͰˮȻûһڵĸоɻ֮ͬǰһƽ
ľͰˮб仯ģˮûзڣЩˮеҩȴʼ˻ڻֽ⣬еҩںϵˮУ˳ˮ͸˼Ůڡ
ΪûľͰˮҩˮʱ򣬲ûнľͰˮһƬǺڣͨҩһںˮ
ʱƣľͰԭ峺ˮʼ𽥱ĻϵкɫĶԭ峺ˮУЩҩݣԼŮ֮ڣڱƳʡ
ʱϸĹ۲켸ŮڱƳʵͿԷƱڵʺͣڵʺߡ
ƱΪо綾ԴطڵĶأǸʱڵʾѾһ֣Դʱ˿ųٵġ
ΪǰûƽʱҲôڵĶز࣬һξķëϴ֮󣬼Ů嶼иĹۣԭҪ׶ˡ
ʱ仺ţڲϵķܣЩܽŮڵʲϵıƳ˽ŸСʱͣ
ʱѾǽӽ賿ˣһŵĹζζԴǿĴľͰܵҩݻɢζȵŮʱ򣬷׷űӴľͰ˳һ̵ܻ¥ϴȥˡ
ŸСʱϵ˹ƳŮڵʣ˵ҲǸСĸΪŮʶȽϲܲס̫ǿֻѡַʽɢŮëϴ衣
һҪ鷳һ㣬ųҲ࣬ԺֻҪŮӦҩݰɰҩݾˣҪӡ
ڶһ磬ųʵļŮˬȥѧУˣȥΪʫϽзëϴ裬ƱһʫڵʱȽ٣ͬΪطƹ
Ҧ˺ͼڵʾ͸ˣ˶֮ΪҲŮߵö࣬Ȼʻӵ١
ȵŮ߶æˣʱѾ磬ʱ࣬Ҳ°ˣҲûзؼУֱȥŴá
˶¥ܲð칫ҵʱӵ߳æӭ˳
ãںһ̸顣
Ҫ칫֮ǰ鱧ǸһЦ
Ŷõģһ
΢΢һЦʲô˼ǾæȥţʱԾشߵɳϡ
Ҹ衣
мһЦ֧ĹҲһһʱʲô⣬ƺĹϵȻǲģɾˡ
лл
΢΢˵ͷ
˱ǵĲˮŴķ羰ûȶʱ䣬ܲð칫ҵžʹˣһŮ˴Ӱ칫ˡ
ȵһˣ෴ķƺǸŮ˳ʱûпֱȥ˵ſڡ
ûɲҲûǣ˴Ӱ칫һһ˿ɻɫӡ
Ȼǲֱģ֮⸱ģΪߵһŮˡ
Ȼû뵽Ȼеӻǧ壬ӡ
ŵǸŮˣǧǧҶֻܿһǧҶܿûڸűˣԼһ˹ġ
Ů˵ϢƺǰЩͬˣǰȻڵϢȽȴǶһаζЩʿĸоˣô£ĪҲǵõ˰᪴ߵĴУ
׵֮ͨʵ˲һǰ㣬ȫĽһΣͬһ˶źĲΣ֮ԲôΪͨİء
ϵߣΪûķϵҲ֪شεĲԾǽͨʵȵǿķҲ޵ġ
Ͳͬˣܹ֮ͨٶȶ÷ʵѾͬһأǸոսףʵҲЩƵͨǿ߿ԱģЩͬʲôС
ڸղǧҶܿ߹ȥʱ΢ɲĿٽһӡһʶɢ˳ȥֻһܼ򵥵̽鷨ԸȻûʲôõģ˭϶ᱸһЩ򵥵ķֹ̽ķ
ڵϣּ򵥵̽鷨ȴٺòˣһԲ̽飬ǿԺܷصϢ
ϢķֻܷͬߣǸ߼һЩϢţҲǽڵϢصĸˣ̽鷨ǰȫͬεǰϢķʱͱ
ڴδǵĺһ˫ջ񣡡
ǧҶ֣ܿ΢ЦǧҶܿȵŹϵʱСŹȥϢơ
ʱƲһת˾һɳϵʱ¶һ˿ǸЦ⡣
΢΢һЦһѾֱӵƵǰǾޱȵ飬߽˰칫ҡ
ôˣ
칫ʰһ輸ϵϣЦ
ҵʵһЩԹ㷥ëϴ裬ڵҲһЩ
ֵʵˣղǸŮĹʲô
˵ǧС㰡
һʰһ߻صǧһεļһĿ׼źǴǧ̸ԼģһоϺŮˡ
ǧҶܿ˺飬ûᵽ飿
ʵ
ûУôˣ
ƺεȵıѩһʻ֪вԾĵط
ǧҶܿǰϮҼңүүıڶɱˣΪ˴ҼһҸϹȥʱѾˣҪүүûʲô飬ЩûҵүүĶǲ׵ɱֵġ
һ˵ҵУȥҹǧҶܿҲȷĸүүǱ߹ƲȥˣΪѾ֪˶ҵУǧҶܿһξͲ뿪ĵģֻһĵĺҵˡ
ʲôǧҶܿг׼һ
ƾõļִµ˲輸ϣû뵽ǰЦȻ̸ŮˣȻһĺɱ˲գ۵Ůħͷ
󲻾֮ǰ˾͵һƤð˳


940 ݷǧ
ȵĴžƽһ֮ʱѾȥ˴Сʱ
ǧǼ⣬ҪõܵǱ˻ڲ׼ȥ
˼˵
֮кôǧ֪еİԲǧټƵҪȥֻҵĴڣĻ¶Ҫˡ
˵ͷʵˣǧҲкĿ
ţſʼֺ̽һĿձڸ߾˿ƼķʵǿĿձļںǧֻ֮һˡ
Щɵ˵Ҫǧ֮г𣬴ҾͲǺˣЩĿļҲУһҪǧ
ûϵŵҵǼŵ飬Ҹ˵鲻òϵ棬ҽھҪȥһձǰһЩҲҪһˡ
ҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ
ҹҲҪȥձ죬ǹںǧ飬ҪǾһȥɣ
Ƹ˵˵
ôɣ̫ˣΪŵܲãԷǧ壬Ӧû¡صĽӴɣҾ͸ߣȥ̽һ̽ǧĵϸ
۾һ뵽һ⡣
ǧҶܿϳİɣ
Щɻʵ
ҵȻɵԼòˣʱֻҪαװһ£һ׾ˡ
Цҡҡͷؼҵʱȸ㷥ëϴһڵųԺ׶ˣûʲôĻǾȻȥɡ
ΪϴæµϿʮӣ´һ֮뿪ˣصʣµˣȥձǹ뻢ѨˣѾ׵ͨҪóֵ׼ϾǶԷĴӪɲǻôˡ
ȥձҪѡҲѾˣСԼڷ˺ƷɾˣһǴŷˣһǻѪ˵Ĳ̫ձ׾ע⣬ٿˣҲҪܡ
ص豸ȶһʱ׼ãۺͶŲͬĺ࣬ȥձͬĳУڵʱ˸߷αװĤԱڵݺһȥձ
ƵרʱѾɫıͣ˷ɻܵ⣬ʮźװĮһſվܵϡ
ƴӷɻмһ۵ĳҲͬʱˣͶȹǧҶܿӳѺõ֮мĳ
ҲҪһϳʱȴһīĮ
ĳ
ޱĿһۣмĳš
νһЦȥ˺ĳ󳵶Ӿʹרͨ뿪ǰǧפء
·ɻʱ͹۲һǧЩڣûķӦӦֻǾϸѵսʿߡ
ǰǰǧ·ϣϸ꣬Ŵⲻʽһ˼
ӳձͻĲ࣬еʮֵϡǺ룬ڵõ£ȷʵҲҵһõ֮ء
ûв鵽ȷ֤֮ǰҲʲôۣһжҪȥúõ̽һյ֪ϸ
ڰ᪴ߵĴڣһ㵹ûʲôɻܹ͸ЩʿԵͼľƿһǸߵȼߣ㲻ǰ᪴ߣҲʲôƵߡ
еĿģҪҵĻĿߣϴһԶԶ۷ʵߣòСһ㣬ϾҪ׵ڣ̿ǧκε
·߿յش޷ɵĵҲ뽫鳹׵Ĵ̽ߵжǿˣһߣͷҲܷӳΪµ
ɲ뵽ʱڽ׵Ĺؼʱ̣ںһ¶֪ôһ¡
ϸƽнܿ͵һټׯ԰棬ռнĶǳȺĸʽһׯ԰롣
ǧƽʱĵط
³ǧǴĽȺҲɵһѣձǸȨͷ⽨ͬеĹңкܶĴ崫սʱһֱڣûκεı仯ܶϰ׺ĻҲķǳá
ǧе˶ʲôѵ飬һ㶼뿪嵽ĵطмǧ湩ǧ峤ԼԼش׵ˣǧ¡
ǧҶܿԺһЦƲιһǧڲȻǸƵߣһ˳Ųιһ顣
ֻǴ͵ĽǶι۵ģͲôˣڼǧڲĵͼܶ಻˲ι۵ĵص¼λ󷽵һΪĹע
Ǹò󣬴ֻһٶƽ׵ӣŽջһѺܴͭȻûʲôͬӣһöѣȴӦһֺܶصϢ
ϢȻ΢ڽ֮ͨǰ޷ȥŴţһʱҲ׼浽ʲôһֱúܲ򵥣һĸоǲġ
õλĬĬļһȥιǧĵطо乤ǧΪⲿţǧҶܿһȥĵ֯乤Ĳ
֯ˣ乤ĲѾһ˽ˣ˽첢ڣ˵ȥѵԱȥˡ
ǧôãһȦ֮ǧǱȽ϶ģﵽ쾳ĸҲһǸݵߣһȳơɫˡ
˵ʱһԺﾲһڴĽ̵ڶӵܣǧҶܿҲûдǣֻǴƴﾭʱפ㿴һ˶һܡ
ѵӵܵǸΪǧһλݵΪǧǶǧǿߣƽʱأֹ֣ڸϢǧҶܿûнˡ
ǧ峤ǧһûг֣˵ȥչˣǧһ˶ǧҶܿϾǧҶָܿһ峤һЩּҲûʲô׵ĵط
ǧھٰ죬Ϊ˻ӭƵĵǧ׼ྫĲȣкܶ඼൱ҩţƽʱԲЩʹǧڲҲûݻԣɼƻǷǳĵġ
ѩ౫
ʱһȶ


941 
ѩ౫Ȼ˵һȣ˵ֻһ˾׼ƷȾװһƴСɰϲ˵ֱӽһѩ౫˵Ƶǰ
ܣѩ౫ǧĲ֮أ䷽ʮֵĸӣеѩ࣬ʮԻãֻ߹ĽӴУŻΪ׼ȣƷһ
ǧҶܿߵƵߣΪƽҿɰѵĸӣһɢ˳ֻһᣬ嶼·˼֣վں󷽵üͷһ
ʳôõЧѩ౫ǧҶܿ˵źܾ˵ĹЧ
ƣ԰ɣѩ౫ܲҵû뵽ǧȻĺգЩõĴ壬һЩѹ׵ĺö
촽΢̴ƣһЩԥƣ¶Цݡ
ǧС̫ˣȻҾͺúõƷһ
ЦףҨһȥ̳һϲı飬̫˼ˣֻǺһȻ·˶˼꣬ƺƽʱЩ۶һ
ѩһַǳϡٵӣֻѩѩɽ֮ϣϡϿᣬҪǳǿܲѩ౫ȡѩɣ̺ʮЧȥԼĸ
ǧҶܿ˻ȥЦŽһ͵ŵܲãƽʱһܷæҾҪ˸дźã뵽һѩ౫Ϊܺúõĵһӡ
лǧСĹģ̫ˣϣźǧĺܹ˳Ľȥ
΢΢һЦ֮ǰǧĿǰ˵ǧҶܿȻ˴ĳΪһ۾գɱ˼ʮˡ
Ӧģܲÿ
ǧҶܿЦ˵;ʮֺ½ˣƲ˱ϵĻֺǧҶܿһӣʱ˲ŷ˿Իصס
Ϊ׼Ϣķλǧ棬רд͵ĵطװ޵ķǹϵʽԺﻹһССȪΧɽˮһӦȫһƬʢӣĿ
ǧ˽͵ס󣬾òĸǻȥˣʱƲпպ˵仰һֱǧҶܿţҲеʱ䡣
ôʲôջ𣿡
Ȫϵʯԣƺһʵ
ʱûʲô̫ջǧʵҲӦòǼȫչֳʵкܶطźһҪһʱܲЩʵ
ҡҡͷ˵
̫׳ӣʱ仹кܶ࣬Ĺ۲졣
Ƶ˵ͷЩȻǰﲻ̫æֻôȰοһ
İɣһзִģҪȥ̽һ̽ãղžʱҾͷϢܹ죬ǾҲ˵ֻȥˡ
΢΢һЦ
ţϾǧĴӪȥʱСһΪá
ҲЦʵ֪жǿֻҪ˵Ļεģκε飬Ҳֵ֧ġ
һȪƾͻطȥˣԴӿʼ֮ͷָ˯ùˣҪǺѧķһ˻ЩӦԽԽæҵ͹˵ҪԼѩ౫һˡ
ǾĴ˰ҹȵǧĶСȥʱһ̴ԭʧӰ١
ҹǧ壬ѲߵˣЩһĶ飬չ̶·߶ԼڲӲ죬ȷʲô֡
ܿЩɲˣӵʱ䣬ѾϢõǰʱܾĵģǹǧ峤ǰһ͸¶ɭϢСãһͨˣĲһеվ
һҹ´ߵõǰΧϸļһãûзʲô쳣ͰǹϢҹҪŨصĶ࣬ԶԶܸоˡ
ȫյģΨһͨеĵطǰһ޴ͭͷҪһЩ־޴ͭͺټˣһ˸ֶ
˵ֱСһҪ˵ֹϵͭˣȽķҲԺĴ򿪡
ָҪӴǿ޴֮ͭʱͻȻͣ˰գҲһ˿ɻɫ
Ȼһͨͭһ
Զע⵽⣬ҲֿҪǼͭʱŷ⡣
Դַۼͭھһ֮ȷһûֻһʮֵͼķѣûʲô̫Ĺܣֻһŵöѡ
ûжӦԿԶҲᱻ򿪣Ҷпܳʲô
Ȼз֣ȻƬطֻǲ֪ǲǾǱǧ֮ڣ
ͻȻֵķֻʮּ򵥵һֻгѧѧͽŻЩСǳڵ֮ϣǾһܲ򵥵Ѷˣ֮ǰĲȷʵʵġ
Ȼô򵥵ķƽͦ׵ģڵʵޣƽķӦҲѣ浽ʲô󷨡
˼һ˫ļñó˼ӡһ΢ʹ˳ȥֱ˾޴֮ͭϣֻһɹ߹ɵļͭı渡˳һĹʧˡ
ֻ򵥵һԪ󣬹Ȼϡ
ĵ˵ͷɫһϲ
һԪ糣õ֮һЧ÷󷨣ӦƾͿһԪﳩͨ裬һ㶼ǵͽ׵ֹ߲֮ص󷨣ûʲô̫ӵĵط
һԪɣλþͿһԪĿֱ仯ԾһƵ󷨣Ҳı仯ֻһ㲻󷨣һҲõͽ׵ʮֻӭ
ʵǿһԪҲԲϵĽף߾ǾԪ󣬲Ѿܾöû˿ԲóԪˣ󷨴˵һóԽǣǷǳǿĽ󷨣һԪǿ֮
󷨵Ҫô⿪
оһеķӡٴα


942 ʹ
һһӡȥ΢Ĺ߲ϵû֮ͭУͭڲõһԪʱ˳ʼϵת
һĹתһλ֮ʱͻȻһ٣󷨷һʱзӡһͣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
󷨷ͬһʱ̣ͭϵĲͻȻһͭʹ˿ҪضԿײܽ⿪ֱͭƽˡ

ĳ˿΢΢ҡҡͷǶһЩ򵥵ӡڵʮ֮һҪԭΪȼ̫ˣԶԶȣŵ֮
Ƕõϵ书ͨΪԣԼ൱һʱ䲻õ㣬һ÷ֶΣôڵһֱǲò˶þͻĴ
ֻǶһЩ򵥵ķӡˣôҪ𵤣ֱǳ˵Σһǧ꣬ڵĻҲܻ㹻۽𵤵
ʱ׵ԺڵҪ̽һԼΪλз
СƿõţһƬڰſ͸¹⣬΢һЩȻνģΪѾﵽĿĳ̶ȣʹںڰ֮УҲԿΧĶοʶ۾ĻҪ
Լһٶƽ׵ʮֵĿտһ޴ĵ⣬ֻеǰһǰ̵ĶĵطһƬտյûκεİ衣
Լ׸ߣһŰ˸ͷĴߣÿһͷı鶼һ¹Եʮֲֵ
᪴ߣľ⸱ˣȻа˸ͷĴߡ
ϸĶһǰĵ˵ϵǸǰ̵ĶһʼûʲôȵϸĿһֱ֮ˣǾȻһ򵥵ĴȻ͵ľ벻ԶֻмٹӣȴһʵĴ
ССһڣа᪴ߵĵ񣬵Ľ»һĪֻҪ˴󣬾ͻᴫ͵᪴ߴŵĵط
˭뷨ɲóȻļһǿ飬˳˯ѣҲ׿ǵĴڡ
Ŀǰشİ᪴߻ҪҵĶ࣬Ϊɽʧܣ³׵ĻˣֻһлصĽָ˳һɢˡ
֪İ᪴ߣٻƳ򵥵ķƳ͵̣˵յأһЩֶοԶãһĻóȻ᪴ߣΣԾͿ֪ˡ
һ˾վڵǰһСʱ֮뿪ãȻķס
ڶһ磬ûкһжѾϵ͵ձĶˣ׼ȥͷ˳㰲һ½жƻ
ڳǧ⣬Ҫҵһϵļ壬Ĵʱһ㶼ǧ̣һͬʮǿļ壬ĿǰУ֯塣
Ž黹ʱ֯ɳ֯һձڴĵֲһǳĶλװã׷ٵڵķλͲµİڵ˷ӳõʱˡ
¸ߵ˴棬һڣ͵Ķˣ۵С飬һСǳȥ̽Ϣȥˡ
ôĶλװû𣿡
һ䣬ֱʵ
һжѵλλڳѾȥǱ߲֤ˣǸط֯ĴӪ֯ձӵеʮֵǿ󣬼ĹϵѾ͸˾磬ڻӵʮڶߣϢǿ󡣡
˵ͷͶӰΪһ֯ĻϢ
˾֯ųˣΪձս֮һǷ᳼㼪͵´ҿҲձǿļ֮һǧֻ֮Ұųձһ壬ʼ޷ʵƣΪЩƼԭ
֯壬Ƿ᳼͵´壬ӵвɺӵǿЩڱǣţ˭Ϊһ壬Ҫ׼ӭӾ޴ķ
֮֯Ķ
֯ϢͻȻʵ
еģڼλãһ޴Ϊ˹֯ȱ˵֯ųÿļ֮գмӵڻ֯ųͻΪǣһֱ֯ʵȺܸߡ
˵
֯ųꣿ
üͷһЩʱĻ϶Щ֮ԱǣϵߣΪûиԽӴ֮ĵز˰᪴ߣͲһˣһϾǿߣҪסһֱײˡ
ˣҪҲǺѵ飬ΪһͻԶشչ飬ûʲôܵظǵ֮ĵط֮ڹ֮䣬Ӵɢ
ÿһµķʮֵĲпᣬҪðżķգҲ˼Ϊʲô֯ųҪ䣬ҪĻǾֻаְ᪴߳æˣ˸ס֯ųꡣ
Ϣô˵ģÿһӳ˵˶˵֯ųΪǣ˵ȵıӺʹ͸
˵ͷȥɲܣֻǸֻϢѣȻʵϢݸˡ
ҵȥ֯һˣôһ¡
һԸȥռйڰ᪴ߵϢٷĴŶԣ֯ǱߣֻҪмλûб仯ˣѵҲһƳ˾Բǵϵߡ
뿪˴̳֮¸ȥ˳飬һ׼ҹ̽֯壬һǸھʲôصĵطҪҪ֯ûǧá
ȵҹ˾ʱ֯Χĵ˽ȥȻ֯ķǧ岻£ͨĸ֣ǾǸܵˡ
ܹһһѲߵ֯ԱܿͿ˼ĵʶǧ֮󣬶ЩѾûʲôˣ֯ȻǧЩһǧڲʲôȱ
һ㣬ûֱͻڲһʲô֯ųڣ˵ͻᷢĴڣʱ򾪶֯˿ɾͲ׵ˡ
ȻǱݶ֮ϣҿ˼Ƭߣ·ƻͨڲһһ֯ȱλͰڷڹ̨ϣ۾һɨ֯ųλ֮ʱһͻȻԺ


943 ֯ų
˭
۾ɨ֯ųλһɲǵʱԺʱһ
һ˲䣬һ𣬵ΪеȣΪԴ
ǴĻô֮˵Ծ˵ԣûԴȻǻȴǴ֮Ĺֱͨ
ĹоԲͬߣҵԸвͬЩطɴûԣĵĵطδǣ֮ȴûϰΪ֮
֮ĻǢݵĲԱ˼룬뷨ֱ͸֮ݸԷԷȫе˼κԵ֧֡
Ҫ֮ôǰᣬһö֮һǱ꣬Ѿ޷˵֮ѾΪܡ
ϵʵ̫ҲûнӴ֮괫Ȼ̫һʵߣ뵽֯ô˭ڹͨ̾˲²⡣
֯ų
Ǹһֱפ֯Ĵ
ֻһѰˡ
һ˼˶˵
Ѱࣿʲôࣿ㲻֯ˣȴܵȻԱȹôľѲԱʵܲҾȻ޷֪ʵжǿĪǵһߣ
ش֮Ǹֳ֮ˣһ˿Եɻ
һָľǵܹ߾ͨڸʹõĴﲻһǻ˼࣬ǾѾ۷徳ľֻ֣ʵˣҪǾǲܵˡ
ҲµĲǰʵȻѾﵽһ˰㣬㽫걣ɣ
һԷԲµʵһ棬Էǰһͨĸ֣ǿȿ϶ҲоԷʵ;磬ȻͿֱӲ²ˡ
㵽˭߼ǿͣ˵ɣùһֱڷϣҲ֯ҵĴ֮
֮ٶȳˣһȴֱӵڣǼڷϡ
ҲãҾͼһ֯ҵĴıձʷս֮һ֯ų
ϸֳһ˿Цݣһʹӷʧˣһֱ̾ӳڡ
ԷûҪΪѵ˼˵ԷѾ²⵽ʵﵽһĸ֣ûʲôҪĻǧܵĴڣ֣ͬͨҲһ鷳顣
ղŵĻǸ֮ûгϣҲûзϣ·ֱĬȵ֮ͻȻһ΢磬Щĺ⣬ϨһƬȼյ
֮һĵĹͻȻ֯ųλϷ˸ûֵʱ䣬һձսʱڰɫףʿ˾ƾճλ֮ϡ
Ȼһˣһͨ͸Ũɢ⵭΢֮壬ֵλãȻ֯ų꣬ҲѡǸλ֮ϳˡ
Ȼһ̤һĸ֣̫˲ˣ֪Ǹʼһֱڣûгֹǰûгֹǻˣ
ڵ֯ųĵʵ
ǻˡ
˵ͷһ֮壬Щ޷ȥģ֮ΪعرԴĴ֮෽涼в˼ãͱڣŸ߷αװĤϻźɫĲɱ֯ųһ۾Ϳˡ
֯ңʲô飬֯ӦûʲôֵһλͨĸԽ١
֯ųʵһһֱĵطҲ֪ĵط֮פΪ˱֯壬һְҹǱ˽Ȼɻ
һֲͨ˵ȫĴݻ֯壬ǽ֯شûʲôģձƻңȺ۲֯ʱʵ⵽ش֪
ǧ塢᳼塢´壬ЩõĴ壬ûһصģסǾͻҧסš
Ѱһ𰸣֮ҾѾҺܽˡ
ע֯ų˵
ʲôĴ𰸣
֯ų֮λϿƮǰһԶľͣסˣôƮߵϿա
֪αģ᪴ǲĴڣʲôط
ֱ֯ųֱ˵ʵ
Щʲô
֯ųûлش⣬Ƿʵ
Ϊⲻһһƽ١
̾˿ȻѰҰ᪴߸ΪİȫǸղ˵ĻҲûʲô󣬴Ӱ᪴Ҫָһ϶ʲôһָж˵ʵȫָҲһµĺƽ١
֮ϣ˵ǳһڵˣǳһڵߣҲǷǳµ飬ȫܳܵȼһ߱мѣǿ˵һµĺƽ١
ٺƽ٣ת֮ʲôϵ
֯ųôű˵ˣЩɵĿʵ
ʵҲһľ磬ʵжôǿҲԲܽ걣һ˰㣬˭
΢΢ҡҡͷ֪֯ųһЩ֯ųǲʵģ˵ôӦģҪһˣʲôˣڿΪʲôԭ޷һܹжԼͻס
ôӻĴԶܵձô֪ЩģǸοģ
ԱĻﾪһ֯ųһû˵һ֮ſʵ
ܼ򵥣һϤɣ
˵ͷ
Ȼѵҵ嵶
ĸĵѣ֯ų˵
Ǹ˺ڰˣѵɲͨһѵǻ֮ķÿһѵնɱˣᱻյ꣬Ȼ洢ڵ֮У֮˵ûɣ
˵
ʧ˺ֱܶ꣬ǰʱҵĺ˲ŽӻĴСĵĹڼڣô֪ܣܾǺܶձļ嶼֪
֯ųԽԽȤˣسֵƺ֪ܶӡ
Ϊ֯һߴʱҲڳ
΢΢һЦ


944 ɱ
ʧڻѾкܳʱˣһǰõõҵԶö˻
֯ų˵Ҳ̺ܿܣѾķ룬֪ġ
ҵȻǲ֪Щ飬ϾҵʵҲޣıǸ˴һҵıȻҲһصĸִڣЩָҵ飬ҲԶձǰһʵࡣ
֪֯ųдһʣΪЩѾ˵ܹͲķ룬ֻи߼߲ףԼҲ׫˱ظֵݡ
ԭıҲиִڣȻʵĸ֣ΪβԼʵ˵һӦöǺܼ򵥵顣
֯ųʵ
λԵټ򵥲ˣǿϧλֶʱǲܹģΪķǳңԶԶǸ޷󣬺ϵһֱͨĳַʽֱӴݽ꣬Ҳ޷ϵϡ
һͨΪҵһЩţȷʵŷǳĹЧ;Ѿͨǿ϶ðôΣ̽ģ᪴ߵҲҵġ
᪴񡭡
֯ųһ˿ãƺڿʲô⣬֮ŻĿڵǵҲǵجΣҲ֪˵
᪴Ӧúͳձ˰ɣ
һ֯ų˼һżʵ
ֵ᪴ʱ磬඼ûгֵʱѾڵ֮ˣһֱʹձƬ֮ϣֻǺ߶ѡ
֯ų˵ͷܹսҲΪ᪴İǸʱҵʵûжֳִ֣Ҵɱķܿƽ˶ңһͳһƽ
᪴ΪʲôҪ㣿ûаˣ
ɻʵֵȼߣһٻͷ˴򽻵һЩԭ򣬱᪴ڵ״شһԭͨ˵ķʽָơ
֮᪴ǰͳˣʲôʼǣͲ̫ˣֻ֪Ű˸ͼ˸ͼÿһԴ͵һصĶǽΪߡ
֯ųҡҡͷǾܷ񴫳а᪴ĵطֻҪͨĲԣͻõ᪴ҲпǱ֮ʵһõǿǰʱ߸ոտһ˽ȥˡ
ʧܣΣ
һ
ʧܵˣҲûг֮⣬ЩԶʧ˶ڣǻǾͲ֪ˡ
Ļ֯ųûشʵѾ֪ôһ£ֻǲȥϰˡ
㻹ǵ𣿡
Ҳ׷ⲻţת⡣
ǵˣ֪ȥ֮ˣûһǵֻҪǳˣʵǿˣҲȫ˰᪴ͽ
һ֯ųȷûʲôԥĵط
Ĩȥǵļ䣬֮ʲôƣ޷Щص飬Ӧʲôܲй¶
˼һ˵۴ʲôǶ˵᪴߾ǲĵģĴնɱЩ֮ûнյ괫ȥ
յǵûдȥڴֻ֮Ҫ峤֯ҵ֮ϣһĹͻʧǵ᪴Ըôģں֯ҳдʱһֱôġ
֯ų̻ص
᪴ͨ˻ȥôնɱ˻õ֮⣬ǲǻҪǹ׸ꣿ
Цһʹ֮ɱȴͻʡ¶ˣֻҪͨͿԼ򵥵Ľתơ
⵹ûУ᪴ǽߵ鴫ȥ߸ˣǲμȡǿ
֯ųЩԥ˵Ȼ˵ô֮ҲѾʶĲԾ
Ȼ֮ͨ˵ƵЧӦòǺܺãҪ֮˵̺꣬ӵǿ󣬶ƵĻָҲкôǾߣЩ֮˲μ
˵ͷ
Щμ߻⣬ձһǳص֯ԳΪʿ֯˼ǴӰ᪴Щ˿һֱͰ᪴ͨԴԴϵĻȡ
ᵽ飬֯ųһ£ǾǶʿ⣬֪˲κεĹٷţҲκһƵԳһ壬Щɱ˺ܶĸ֣ձڣҲھǲ򵥡
뿪֮󣬻ܺͰ᪴߹ͨ𣿡
Ѱ˼һʵ
ǲܵ飬ôֻڵһνϵʱ򣬵õ˹һʾ֮ҲûкͰ᪴ͨ
֯ųҡҡͷ
˵ʲô
ʵ
֮ԽԽá
֯ų˵˺ܼ򵥵İ˸֣⣬Ҳû˵κεĶΪ˵õǿɱ¾˺֮ܶҲûкͰ᪴ϵϹϵ⣬˶޷ϵ֪Щʿǲǿ
᪴ǲרԼţ֪Ƕļ壬ȫ̫ԾһЩˣʩһЩǣصΪռǿ֮
ĵ˵ͷ˵ʿʲôϢκζԣҪҵ֯澿ʲôè塣
ʿ֯ʮֵأ˼ܺϵϣһȴǿԴϢǻ᲻ϢҪǱߵˣһ£Ƕǲġ
֯ų˵
ʲô
üͷһ壬ֿп޵ķɲҪģҪһܹɹҵʿİ취
ɱǶʿǷųƣÿһֻ飬һƣ嶼ῪʼƣζŶʿɱһˣֻҪ㹻ǿȡκεķá
ᵽ˻ɱ֯ųҡҡͷ
ֻҪĿ㹻ǿ󣬶ʿҪȡûǱꣿ
ֵʵ
һʼҲ֪ΪʲôǴղ˵ĻЩӦΪռǿɣ
֯ų˵ͷ
ԭˣɱܹã
ȻϢȻҪȥһԵģû취ʱκοеİ취ԡ
ɱǼ򵥣֯ھһ顣
֯ų˵


945 ̽
֯ų֯ųĻ֯оһɱҲܾôͳȥģȻʲôҪ
˾ôĶţһʱ˭Ҳûп˵һ֮֯ųȿˡ
аնԸ᪴񣿡
´һ֯ųЩɵʵ
ûаգûռ㹻Ϣ֮ǰҲ֪᪴߾ʣ¶ٵʵǸ˸һЩҲܱ֤һܹԸ˰᪴ߡ
ҡҡͷʵ˵
ڵȷʵû㹻ʵԸ᪴ߣͿ᪴߻ܴ߶˽͵֪᪴߻ʣһЩʹãӣҲת˶
״̬ȥԸ᪴ߣҲԷֻҪʩչһˣ书Ҳֶ֮عҪԶԶĳ书ֵͼܷӳޡ
ΪλҪִȥѰҰ᪴񣿡
֯ųʵ
Ϊ֪ƽʲôʱͻᵽڱҪҵһ𰸡
֯ų˫ۣڰ֮᪴Ƕʿȥռ֮Ϊʱ޷жΪ˵ԭһж֮ᰲȵĴ𣿡
Ǹʱ򣬾Ǻƽٵʱһָ˿жĵزܷӳͲǿˣҾģɱ࣬ȡ㹻֮Ƶ޸
һĽǾѾ췦ˣΪǸʱû˻Ķ֣е˶ϵ⣬׸ĺƽӶҲϣ֮µ֯ʲôɣ
һϯ֯ų˳˼ʵȴͬ˵طٶ࣬Ҳʲô۵ĸо֯עһѪϧ֮ҲҪˣǾԲԸ֯κε顣
һ˵᪴ߴӳ˯ǻָж֮ǸʱͿȥոָ֮ƣ֯ųȻӰ᪴ﴫһЩҲڿԴΪ᪴߻һ档
˵Ĳһָ᪴жһոЩ֮ģʱǾͶǴ׵ĸӶûеطӣձҲ׵壬Ϊ᪴Ǳĳһ
˼һ֮֯ųĵ˵
ѵʹûҵǸط𣿡
ʵ
ûͼҹÿһʱ߶ͼҪҵǸߵλãôǼձ˸飬ҲûܹҵǸ߾ʲôط
֯ųԳһЦҡҡͷ
ҲҲǺпܵ飬ϾԷʵ̫ˣҲǵǰҲ޷Ĵڡ
⣬ûʲô˵ģϾ᪴һߣߵֶʵ̫ˣҪĻƾЩ˲ҵõǸ֮
֮֯Уڿɻ˴˰᪴ߵ
һ˼һ⡣
ȻУ٣ʮ֮࣬Ϊʲôôʣ
֯ų˵ͷֵĿʵ
ʮˣǾͺðˣҪ㽫ټҲһڵ᪴ڴʱûǵڶʲôֽš
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֯ųЩɻʵ
ȰǽйɣΪʲôһ֪ˡ
ûֱ˵Ҫ֯ų˽й˵
Ҳãһھǹ
ɻĿһۣ֯ų΢΢˫ۣһ΢겨ɢ˳ȥ겨֯ųȥͨЩ˵ʶ
ͬһʱ̣ڸԷһЩˣͻȻ׷˫ۣ¶һЩɻɫһϲһ׷״ʧټ֯פأʮӰӲͬķٵĳ۶
ſڣЩ˲ŷֽӵ֪ͨ˲һˣʮˣֻǻ࿴һۣǾ֮Ĺͬ㣬ǾǴҶǽ˰᪴񴫳еˣͨ˲пߡ
Ƕˣ
һλߣƺȺ֮еλߵˣҶ֮󣬻ĵ˵ͷȻٻǣǾͽȥɣ
һȺν֮УС˺ϴȥûش֯һ֯һȻǵһνܵٻԵЩ
棬ҵѾȫ顣
Ĵ֮һȺȫ˵ϣ֯λǰǰλͷڵϣ˵
һȺĵ΢紵֯ųλʱһ΢΢Ĺ֮ǰֹ֯ųʱٶȳˡ
̧ͷ
·ŵĺˣ֯ųĵ˵ͷ֯Щ˵ĲиŬ֮£˽ʵЩÿһû
һȺֱλ֮ϵ֯ų֮壬ʱһɫ󾪡
֮ǰ֪֯ųػ֯ĺǴûֱԳһֱͬղֱ֮Ӹĳ˼ӳһֱγǵһΡ
ݼ棡
һһʱ侹ȻЩѣ۽һ˿Ứ󷽵һȺҲ׷׸ٶȴΰݡ
ˣ˵ɣ
֯ųĴλƮһȺ˵ǰ
棬ΪֱĪʲô¼
λ֮󣬿֯ų֮壬ƽ˼ʵ
ٻһȷд¼ӰĴһ£һҪ׼֯ɹһεĽѣ
֯ųµ˵
ǣҵȫ壡
Ϊ׵һȺˣӦû˿ԥ˵ͰΣһУеĶΪ˼ҪھȥҲԲκε顣
ǵУɻ˼ǵڵ飿
֯ųĵ˵ͷĺ󱲣Ҳеʮֵο
һҡҡͷ֯ųĻ֪϶ô򵥡
һε飬ǺͰ᪴йأʵΣҴٺ˵֮ǰҪȼһˣɣ
ڿ΢΢ת֯ųһɫӣǸӺתһӰǰ
棬λǺˣ
ɻĿһȫҹзҲźڲˣΪʲôҪǼˡ
Ѿһĸ֣Ϊ˵һЩ飬Ҫڵһá
֯ų˵ͷ


946 ڵ
ݼ
֯ų˵ǰλ˾Ȼһλһߣڳ֯Ա̶һ
һߣĸĸңֵÿһλȥ𾴣ܹһߣһſԵֻûʸ߾ͿģǴӾԵʵ˵ĸҲ׵ĵ
֮ԽдҹΪĸλμ˲пӱ˰᪴ߵ裬ҪһЩǷʲô𺦣ϣҿҵĲʱİһڰ᪴ߵ
ǰһһȦ˵
ǵĻõڳʱУѾڵȫںһ𣬿²ô׾ͿԷġ
ͷλЩԥʵ
֪ԴᴫڸһԽڵ԰㹻ߵĻԴõĶ
˵ͷ˵
ǾͶЩˡ
߿֯ųһۣ˵
һطȻϵ̫ӣǴڰԵʱһҪСģҪڰ᪴ߵǧҪӰ쵽Ҷļ⡣
óһֽ˴ͷλߣطȽϼ򵥣ֻǲһֽĿռѾ¼ˣڸղ֯ų˵ʱѾ׼ˣھ͵ЩϤطȻطڰ᪴ߵˡ
֯ҵһһĴһ飬طμУһ͵ϥ¿ʼطҲżôվԭصţ֯ųǲżˣѾһ꣬ɱڳ˻ľöˣӲںôһʱˡ
Լȥ˴СʱңλߵһսƺѾطһгӣڳ˵оΪߣѾ쾳۷徳硣
Ѿˣһɣ
ߺһк˫ֱ任˼ӡһ͵Ĺ̴ĵ֮𣬴Լʮӵʱ䣬̹Ѿ͸˿Уߵǰ
뿪ߵ̹֮һССĹţϻʱһŵϸĹ棬ϸĿȥͻᷢЩлûһССͷϵͿӡ
ܴ⣡⡣
ĵ˵ͷڳΪߵһˣСʱҾѾȫŷԵط
طʵҲʲô˲Ķֻ֮ͨʱطѣȫĲ֮սʹһЩôڸ洦Ǿûˡ
μ⣿
ߺĿʵ
㿴žͺãûв´Ļ᪴ߵӦûô򵥡
ûж˵ʲô򵥵仰֮̿ʼ˼⡣
˫һϣһ̾ͱó緱һӡЩӡϵĴһĹâֱûǰɫһĹ߾ɫһ䡣
Һ֮ϵжˡ
вϱ仯ӡߵ˵
ȴû˵ķӡһĹɫĹžͳ˾ȵı仯ֻһֻԼСĴָɫСƾջû˰УžһϤϤ˻ӵʱ䣬ɫĺ۵С߾ʧ˰С
СʧһɲǣһӡȥֻСʧĵطһɫ湹ɵ΢󷨻ĳ֣һĹʧˡ
Ȼˣ
Ǹ󷨣ʱ۾һ˼ĵ˵ͷ
ôһ£
֯ųҲһĻеܺ棬æƮʵ
ԵƬ̣༸λҲ˰᪴ߵ֮ԼΣÿһζĻôҾͿԿ϶ˡ
˰֣ʱû˵ԵɣֻǾվ᪴ߵľ
߳ɹȡ᪴ߵ֮һСʱ½½Щ֯һΪڳСһˣȻȴ󲿷ֵ˶Ҫķ᪴ߵľ˵֯һĲٿѾ֮ˣΪһ㣬ȴܸߡ
ڶԽһȺ˵ķһ֮ÿһĲԽǰһģһʱҲˣȫһԽǾ˵ʵ޿ɱ粵ģھ͵˵ʲôʵˡ
ղŵĲǼҲˣھһ²Եԭͽ
һڴ֯ˣ˵ǸղŴҶо˱Ҳٿ֮ڶϾϵΪն֮ϵǲٿص֮ϣԲŻָܡ
ҽ֮ϵϿ֮ΪҲǣѾ״̬ͱ仯һСߵģС߾ǰ᪴ԭıģڵİ᪴ߣİ˸ͷֻǽĶѣֳ˱״֮Сʧˡ
ٴʩչطСߵ·ֳһ΢͵󷨣ҲûֻҪϸıһǾͻᷢ󷨺֯ҵİһǾһ΢͵Ĵ󷨡
΢͵Ĵ󷨣
֯ųʱɻʵ
΢͵ĴȻ֪ĿĵҲ²ⲻĻ϶ǽͻ˰᪴ߵڡ
˵ͷΪʲôС߻Զ´󷨴ͻȥԭΪС渽Ű᪴߼򵥵ʶʶƽʱڳ˯֮Уѹֻʱ渽ʶŻѣѵĿֻһǾǲ΢ʹ󷨣ͻذ᪴ߵڡ
ΪʲôҪôأʲôô
Щ⣬ô΢Ƕ˵΢˵İ᪴˵ˣֱëëֵ꣬ȥ޴
ھûãΪղŵ̫ˣǰ᪴µǶǵĶͣȴǵв֮ɵĿ꣬ʱǵ֮ᱻ׵ɣȻͻذ᪴ߵڡ
ҡҡͷҶӦ˰ɣܹ֮뿪ǸߣȷʵΪǵ츳ʱҪӵĺãҪĻǰ᪴߿ǱǲϵȥϵǿʵŻǵ֮ĸӵǿ󡣡
ô˵Ļֻ᪴Ϊǿɣ
ʱһ


947 ֻ
ĿһߣڳЩʵǿˣӦǿ١
νİ᪴񣬾Ϊ˽Լһ΢֮ǵڣƽʱ֮׳һҲ˵ֻǱˮнˣʱ䳤ˣ֮һָġ
һȦ𾪵ˣ˵ֻ᪴ǱǸ߶ѣʲôħĴڣǴﻻȡֻʱǿĴȴԶ׼
꣬Զ׼ȥΣ
һĬ֮վȺ󷽵֯һȴͻȻСʵ
׼ôӡǽԶʧҲ޷һԭؼ䣬ÿһ궼ѭϴһĳٶȻԭΪ֮Ȼһֵѭ
΢΢һ£Ŀһ֯һ֮еһֻ֮ӵһ֮пܽĻԶҲ޷ǣĵ·
Щڵͽ׵˵Ǹ򵽵ҪЩǰҪ׺ڲУһЩڵ߶һܸЩ
ȻֻǶһĵͽ߶ԣǿűǼܵߣǿԴӳ֪ܶڵ֪ʶǴеҪˣͼ粻֪飬ȴͨǰĸһһֱȥ
ЩȻǿ˭̵ģԼһĽǸĪľ磬ȻЩ飬Բӡ֮УԶҲ޷ǡ
ĪĿǰΪֹû֪ζƿأֻӻĻգȴĿơ
Ĵ˵Уظʮ֮ͻظһ۵Ĺ»гͷͶֻ̥ҪһͿǰһС
ظƿͶ̥򣬾Ͷһ˼ңһ˼ңʮӵŲ˼ľ޴Ȩȷȥͷ
˵ʱֻ΢΢һЦѣûе棬ⲻʱΪ֪ɵĿ£һֺĽͣȻֲתĶĿͽܶѡ
УǾԲڵظƵĵط֮ͱػȻĨȥеĶֻһ֮Ȼֻأתһµ
Ȼֶ߲֮֮ͨӡǣϴӶ˿ӡǶް취ھϴӺֻصʱܹһָĶ׷Ѱת䡣
ַҲֻǿҵת֮ȥѣȴ޷֪תʲôҲһˣⱲֻһ¶֪ҰޣֻһСݡ
ֻ꣬Ѫ׳ĸľɽʯ֮ͻΪûѪıٸָΣա
Ϊһн꣬Կɳ飬вʯͷֲɵߣǵ·һҪѵĶ࣬ϣĵ·ֻ·ߵжôļѣǾֻ֪ˡ
Ҳ˵һ걻׼ˣǾҲûˣδԶϣ𣿡
Ļ֯һĬãŻ̧ͷʵ
һ׼֮ľͻԶɣΪһ֣ǿ꣬һͬôͻԶʧ֮䡣
϶ĵ˵ͷ
棬һ󣡡
˵ͷ֯һͻȻͨһ֯ų֮ǰ
ɵӣ
֯ų·Ѿ֪֯һҪ˵ʲô͸˫ۻһȻ̾Ϣ˵лص
˵Ͷֻ֮УҲᱻĨȥǰУȻҪԼ꣬Ըⱻǰ᪴ǿֻ꣬ãϣҲҪȫ꣡
صĿ˼ͷ֯һȻѾʼ

֯ųûж˵ʲôֻε̾Ϣһ֮Ժ֪ǿɷף
ף
۽һ֯ų
һ⺢츳ҲǸܳĺӣǼܣҲӴ˾ȥ취ڵİ᪴ߵ֯ҿɱ
֯ųƮڰУһĨˡ
ʲôҪԵɣŻеҪԼ꣬ϣ᪴ȥһ˿֮顣
΢˼һ˵ҿԳְڵİ᪴ߵһһҪǾڶԸʿ֯ǶԸ᪴ߵʱܹõ֯ҵİ
һҿԴӦ㣬Ϊ˱ȫ֯ҵԸκε飬ֻҪҵ֯ԸһԸǣ᳢ԺӴȡǵİ
֯ų˵ͷһǲĿ⣬ܹ᪴ߣȻһкô顣
᪴߿ɲףǿߣµĶ϶٣ֻһʬǷǳĶȷҪļһ𣿡
üͷһеĹؼ
˵ҶףҲһ̰ˣ᪴һĴڣˣһǿߣ˻ԲѣҲԴΪƾ֯ҾԶԸļ壬ߵʤ㣬ǵľ
֯ųгǻ۵Ĺâĳ˰֮᪴Щô֣ȵǸʱȻһϾģǻģ취ġ
ǣõʶ
ûж˵ʲô֮漴תͷɹ֯һѾҴ˽ףΪ⿪ڰ᪴⿪֮ʵȵ½ҪܳһʱĿ޲ȷԼѾ𣿡
л棡лѾˣ
֯һûֻǲסĿͷǰĵذѾʪһƬεδˮϴϹ䡣
붯ְɣһ۶ȻܿʵӣʵĲֵֻǼ̫Ĵŵڱ
֯ųһ֯һһ겨ɢ˳ȥǶȥϢɣһڵлȥϢͿˣʲôһټˡ
ǣ棡
һȺ֮ת뿪


948 ׼
Ȼ֮᪴ͨڵ겻ֻһ˿ϸ΢֮ˣڳʱУһ˿֮ȴѾֲ֮С
Ϊһ˿֮ĵȼҪȵ߸߳࣬Եϵ֮᪴ߵ֮Ҳ֮ᷢоȻѾ᪴ߵ֮ռˡ
ȵʱԭҪսֻأʱǱõİ᪴ߵ֮ͻˣ̲һ΢͵Ĵͷֱӽ֮ǰ괫ͻڣָá
֯һȥ֮᪴Ḻ́ȽϷӣ㻨˽Сʱʱ䣬ųɹĽһư᪴ߵ֮ɹķ˳һ֮СĽյ˽ָ֮С
»ָྻ֯һ˷·һ㣬Ҳԭ̫һˣȻһִ󳹴ĸоľһֶ֯ųλĿ˼ͷ֮뿪
ȥ˵֮Ȼ˷Ҳǿء
ȵ֯һ֮֯ųٶȴλ֮г֣̾Ϣ˵
ûôȥԸ᪴ǿߣ϶һЩôҲԸΪλðž޴ķȥ̽᪴ߵλá
ҡͷһЦȫƵǸ֪ĳϡ
ô㣿
˵ͷ֯ųʵ
׼öɱȻ󿴿ܲܺͶʿϵϣеĻǾаżƻ
һ˼˵Σʿ֯һҪҵУǶԸ᪴߾һ̸Ҫ֯ĵϸԼ᪴״̬
о˵úã֪֪ˣս֪᪴ڵͿԵܶ෽֪֮ĻóȻȥԸ᪴µߣܻǳء
֯ųҲͬĹ۵㡣
˵ĲȷʵӦˣʿ֮ǰ˽ĺ٣֯ռһЩڶʿϣ֯ʲôè档
˵ȻѾ֯վͬһսϣȻҪܵ֯ҵˣôҲձǿļ֮һʵǳǿ
û⣬˽ȡ㣬ʱʲô⣬ֱӺ֯ҵϵˣһƾ١
֯ųٶûλ֮УƮһƴСľƣֱƮ
ľϲǺֻܽһͨĻľѣȴǵһʿʿмϻ֣ų
ľƾǵ֯ų֯峤ʱԴ֯ųȥ֮ľƾһֱڣû֯ųȴǽҲǱ֯ľġ
һڰڴһʮӵʱ䣬һλ֯ҵ˴һľӵڣҲ˵ֻǽľӽ漴ת뿪ˡ
гǸľӣһСֱ۳̵ƣʮֵĳأƺǼ򵥵ɡ
沼ɺ·类Ѫһ͸ɷһĸӣдֻɱõǹϵдһ֡
ǻɱȻʮ㣡
ϸоһɱֻɱҲһ򵥵ķҲתƾ˵Ϣݸʿǣ֪˻ɱ
Ȼɱ󷨵Ĵڣһ˼֮Ҳ˶Բߣٶ֯壬Ϣľʧڡ
ȵ뿪֮һ·Ծ̾Ϣڻصһ΢Ĵԭһ˿Ϩ⣬׵һƬڰ֮С
Żɱ֯ҸйضʿϢ֯Ͷݾӵأ֯ҸǸU̽˶
ȿʲôоһôӣʱȲҪҡ
һ仰̽һշ䣬˷š
û˾֣ӵоԵȨⲻ˭ҪǿǽܵʵڸĹУѾϰߣΪѾʵ׵ǡ
һڷĥеĻɱղŵһ֮ѾȷӵһѶϢ󷨣󷨲ԽѶϢݸʿӪʱļɱ
ڼɱ֮Ҳ֪ǶʿΪ˶λ´ˣǲ֪ΪʲôҪһ´ɱˣҪĴ㡣
֯ų֪е´֮󶼻õʿִУҲпܶʿǸ´ҪľǶ󷨴ݵϢз׷٣ܲҵʿںδЩϢ
᪴ƵʱµȻȽϼ򵥣ϾҲѾˣ޷ƸӸӵ󷨣Ƕڵ˵ƽЩѣ޷ƽ󷨣Ϊڵԭ
û㹻֧ţ෨ʩչñܼ򵥵ͻȻͱĸҲò˼ķƽ᪴ߵĴ󷨡
˰Ĺ򣬽ʾ֭˼ͽ׵ķʹãӶԶλȥЧΪǽƫ棬Чܻƫһ׼ȷĽ
ҲûķһˣҲֻܾĳһǿŶʿɲôɵɵĵȺκһҪȨԼ
еĻɱ뿪˷䣬ĿڵϾ۾ĲĻϲϵˢ¹ݡ
ôʲôϢ
˶ıϣʵ
֯ҸЩϢ⣬ʱûʲôмֵϢʿ֯ʮֵأ缸ûκεϢѱ磬ҲֻҵһЩйصϢЩϢһЩǶǵϢûʲôʵʵ;
ҡҡͷĻˢµٲһͣһЩֽʵļͳĻϣĶٶȼ죬һɨ֪֮ЩϢûʲôˡ
ֻһЩ;˵ˣֻһЩϼ˲ȺڣýͼӴ״Ⱦ֮ȡĶˡ
֯ҷϢΣܲҵһЩ
ʵ
֯ҵϢȻĺһЩ˵ҲֻǱˮнҪҵʿ䣬ҪϢƾĿǰЩϢڴ롣
ϵҡҡͷĻϳ֯ҸЩϢһֻвҳϢõĸ޼


949 ͻ״
ϸĿһ֯ṩϢֹȻͬ˵ûʲôôϢ漰ʿڲ֯ϢһҲûС
Уᵽ˺ܹؼһ㣬Ϊζʿ֯ϢԻõԭΪЩʿ˵֮ʱһĶɱֹûа취ֹֻĿȥ˸޷ѯʳκйضʿ֯ܡ
һ⣬ȫɱ᪴߶ЩĹ»ĿֶΡ
˼ĿĻ΢΢ҡҡͷҪ˵ʱֻͻȻʾƵĵ绰
ʱƲӦúǧҶܿһȥιǧĲҵȷδˣô绰ɻʱ˵绰߻û˵Ǳ߾ʹһ޴ıը
ôˣƣ
ɫ΢䣬̵ʵ
ǱϮˣĿӦòңǧĳԱ˫ңҶԭԷĹƷǳͣǧѾҪ֧Ųסˣ
绰ͷƵ϶ĴΧǲʱܼըȺʧĽк
ãҺõطҺܿ͵
æһ䣬Ҷ˵绰̲һƵλʲôط
û˵۾΢΢һĻ̳һ޴ĵͼһȦϵڵͼصÿһΣͼͻἱٵСһȦӵĹ򣬵ͼϾͳһ㣬ķλķλҲ˳಻һٶ๫ӡ
ڴ棬ҪһҿٵСͷɻ̸Ҷԭ
ȷ˵ص֮һ绰绰֯뿪ʱõĺ룬ʲôҪͿϵ룬Ǳ߻ᾡİ
ӣǱ߾ͻһ绰ָĵصȥȴɻ֮ھͻᵽ
йעǱߵ¼չڸϹȥôһ¡
һ֮Ѹٵ뿪ס֯ҵĻϵ㡣
һ¥ãһͣƺʱֱȥ¥Ⱥ֯ҵ˰¹ȻЧʺܸߣӵʱһС͵ĴֱͻĽ¥˷ɻһɻʧ˴ĵͼϡ
ٶȺܿ죬һٶ๫ľֻʮӶʱ䣬ܿ͵һռʮ־޴ĹϿգǴϸӾܸоĹǧµһƾǺǧҶܿһ˵ʵزι۹
ڵĳڵǹŨԼ͵Ļ⣬ĴϵȺڼɢ룬ȲûеȷɻѰҵط䣬ֱӾʹӷɻȥһʧӰˣԱ׼ͷҪｵ䣬ͿѾʧ
ԱȻѾֲˣֱӵת˷ɻʱ·أû˿Ķ
֮ͨ貨΢ӵĳ뻯ˣʵڿɵƶѾܼˣֻҪһЩˣЩĲûĿ죬֮޷һֱڿƶĵʱҪص֮ϡ
磬˽ڵ߾ͿԳʱĽзˣΪڵ߷ʱĵԶյҪСֻҪԸ⣬һֱϲ;߾޷һˣΪǱҪĵܼС
ˣ˵Ͻ䵽ξ뻹ǺɵģҪȥṩӦϣ˵̴ֻ֮ϵĶλϵͳѾƵλñʾ˳۲һλ֮ԭʧһƬҵ£ûע⵽ĵ
ǰһ޴ӵĳƵĶλʾڴ˴ߵһȰڳζ˼£һ̾Ѿվ˵ͼʾĵ㸽һѻҵϵĵطڼһ֮ȴûзƵӰ
нʱ򣬵һ΢΢ĶͻȻעһ͵Ǹǰü֪ƵֻΧûд򶷵ļ󣬿ڶصʱ򣬲СĽֻ
ˣ
΢΢һɫЩÿڳĻ˻ңǿйǧ壬Ļһʧ൱Σ뾡ҵ
ᶨϣƵֻһٶʧֻһģӰڳٵĴ֣￴һͣһÿطͣʱ䶼ٶȿ쵽ͨ˸޷ֹȰٶȣӰӶ
ҵûҵƣµķ֣һĺ࣬ڼҵĽ֣һӡǧ֮һһϯ磬Ȼûпȥ˭Щӡ
潻ֵǸˣɾ΢Щˣ΢΢һǱ߽˵зŴͿϮǧҵǸ˵ΣϤ·жʱһϲǶʿ֯ĵ·
ͶʿνֹȻϴʿӣҸԵǸ˵ΧһɫĻ棬ֱͶʿݵֻһޡ
һϲ֮ҡҡͷҪҪҵƣʿ߿ݻһٴ뵽һٶʧǱڼҽֵˣע⵽ȻԶϸĴһ
һתۼ䣬ѾˣûƵӰ˵Σĳ棬ǲᵽܵģͻȻʧֻһֻҲûʲô򶷵ı־һ˼ͳ˵绰˶
ҲһǧҶܿĵ绰ҪԼĵ绰
绰һͨ˵
ãڲѯ
æصǰͨ˸ָӵķʽ˺ܶصķ֮󣬶õǧҶܿ˽˵绰󽫵绰뷢
˷͹ĵ绰֮󣬳ĳһطվｹĴȥǧҶܿϴŵֻͻȻʼϵ
ɻͳֻǧҶܿʾİ磬һ󾯾˽˵绰֪˲һ֮Щһ֮󣬷ûһ˻ʱ绰еɻʱŨˡ
˼һ֮ǧҶܿ˽ͨ绰ľٶ
˭ô֪绰
绰֮ͨǧҶܿСʵؼʱ绰ɲΪֻǼ򵥵Ĳ绰ˡ
ǧС㣬ܵıڣǲǺһ𣿡
绰ͷ̾ʹ˻


950 
ܵıڣ
ǧҶܿɻ̧ۿԶһۣƴʱǱߵһͰϣһĬĲ֪ЩʲôҲǵܵĸڻ֪绰ܱ˶֪˽˺룬㵽˭
ȷʵ֪绰ڸղŲ֮ǰܵ绰ң߳飬̾͸˹ѾڸղŵλãֻҲͨһֶҵ룬֪ǲǺһ𣿡
ٵ˵
Ȼ˵ĺΣʱ̣Ҳűˡ
ǧҶܿȴûô׾ɿڡ
ֻҪ绰ܣȻ֤ҵݡ
ֻ֮ô˵
ãҿԸһӵʱ䣬㲻֤ݣһ̹Ҷ绰׷绰ҵĵ绰Ǿ˼ܵģ޷׷λá
ǧҶܿһ˼ߵƵߣֻ˹ȥƵЩȣһͣ̾ͻع
ι
ȻѾµ˭ȴûбֳΪǧҶܿվߣһ֪ݡ
ܣѾ˹Ҫ֪ڵķλܹ㡣
Ƶ˿ƺǧҶܿһ𣬰ȫûʲôϣΪЩ˾Ϊ˶Ըǧĳˣ˵׼˭ҲͻǧҶܿҲ˵
ڵλãҲ˵ղźǧСˣǧСҹģǧС˵ɡ
ĴһȦΧ˸ֽṹݶֻʣǽǶŵһЩ޴ľˣҲûʲôı־
ӹ˵绰ǧҶܿĿһƣʵȻ˸ղŵ绰˿ȷ˶ԷݣЩʼδȻѾȷ˶ԷݣҲö˵ʲôˣϾܲŲ˼ҵıڹӪȡ
ķλڳϽǵĲֿ·λڵ¶ԴŴ˳¥ߣͿԿıʶˡ
Ҫ˵ķλǧҶܿҶ˵绰ƾʵղ绰ڸϹˣ
ţҴĵ绰û뵽ô졣
Ƶ˵ͷϳһ˿Ц⡣
ںܻңЩ˵ʵ̫ǿˣΪ˱ܵİȫҲŴܶι۵ʱʲô飬ǧҽᱳжΡ
ǧҶܿ˵
İɣǧС㣬ҵıڵʵǾŵùģȻûмЩжǲҵıڸһ㹻ˡ
ЦҡҡͷľΣʱԸȥʲôֻҪ˾ˣͶͺˡ
ܶԼıںţǾ͵˵ɣҪô뿪ϣλ˵ô
һֻûڣǧҶܿɫͻȻһ䣬Ϊ֪ʲôʱƵѾһźװˣǸϹڸղǸطʱѾӽָóһװȥ
ˡ
ֻǰһʱ򣬶ʱ΢΢һЦֻҪߣͷ·˿Ӧһѵ
ǧС㣬һ㡣
˵ͷʱϻǸ߷αװߣǧҶܿϳ˭ϢҲܸӦΪѾͨȫϢһɶ˵ǧҶܿˣͬһĸ֣ҲܿϢ
ţ
ǧҶܿüͷ΢΢һ壬ѾݿֻܲǸ򵥵ıڣϾΪŵܲãܺһô׽ĹϵΪһŮ˵ֱʲô⣿
ЩˣʲôĿģǳ˭ģΪѾϳǵݣǶʿ˰ɣ
˵ͷֱ˵ʵʱûǸйĨǵĶȦӡ
֪黹٣Ȼʿʶ
ʿĸ֣ǧҶܿ۽΢΢һ飬ҲЩ仯ˡ
ȻڵҪľͼʶҪʲô˶ǿɲúͶֵĲ࣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱӦôŹ뿪֪ȥӦԶԷĹ
ΪһЦ۾һֱĶǧҶܿŹǧҶܿ˿仯
ܣںܲ򵥣ʵǿʶҲ൱
ǧҶܿҡҡͷ֮ת⣬Ⱥ˵ȷʵǶʿ֪ϢҲôˣ֪ʿҪԸ˾˭սʼ֮ҾѾܶ㵽Ϊ˱ܵİȫ̫
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ҵǲʿ֯ȻձǸǵ˽ȴǺܶ࣬֯ж쳣أ缸ϵϣֻǳֵʱǲܼЩˣܶ嶼ʿΣأԹ˸ַ޷еͨ
ǧҶܿȻҡҡͷ
һص֯ǱһԻʱвЩϵĴ壿
üͷ΢΢һҲ֪ʿѲأȴû뵽ǧȻԶʿϢҲ֪飬Ļ¾Ͳֽˡ
ҲǣκҲֵλãҲ޴ʹûа취顣
̾˿ǧҶܿüͷҲ
֮ԣ˺˯ȺʿǱôãȻʲôıκһ֯ĬĬŵǱ̫õģûгֻһԭǾǻû׼ãȨͲƸĿκһ֯ӵеĶ
ĿһǧҶܿһۣǧҶܿ˵ּ˵ڵ֮ҪŪһζʿĿ꾿˭˻ֻʲôĶ
һҪȥʵһ£ʱȴ𶯣ӦĿǰ˵ȫطˣһϵ
һۣǧҶܿ·뵽ʲô飬󼱼ææ뿪ˡ
ҪҪ뿪
ȵǧҶ֮ܿƶʱ˵
ڻߣұôʿ֯Ӵû뵽ǾȻôˣʡ˲ٵĹ򣬲ǧҶܿǱҪȥԭ򣬺ҲһֱҧЩʿǲŵġ
΢΢һЦЩʿкܴܣҵֱӵĹϵܶϡ
ԭҪҪǧһѣҿӦĺܳӣ˵ûȴӶʿǱŪʲôϢǾѾֲסˡ
ҲһЦǼޱȵսӰǵ飬˴Դһûһ졣


951 н
֮ԲںΪʵǿںЩС
ҲںΪ֪ʵǿڵĵطԲܵκε˺
˵һ֮ͻȻʹ˸̺£˫Ҳԭȵأֻп¶һ˿Ƥζ
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ܲܰǧһæ
ߵ˸ǰǧҶֱܿʵһ˿ɫ
ǧС㣬ʴˣֻһڶѣֻΪ˹İȫ𣬰ǳ֣ҵְΧڡ
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ǧҶܿ΢΢һ㶣ʶ⣬תƣ΢΢һȻɫʵܣ֪ܷһæ
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ղҳȥѾһ֪Щʿ֮Խ⴦ԭˣҪԸǧĳˣΪһڶѾõˣƴǣ뿪һ뿪ҵǿɾѰˣܵıʵǿһ֮
ǧҶܿٵ˵
ܱʿصĶӦòʲô򵥵Ķɣ
ĿһǧҶܿ˵
ܣ¹ǧܣҲ̫͸¶һұؽģ˫ĺУǧԸò
ǧҶܿ¶һ˿ɫʹ˸߾ȹķӣͼĺϵ롣
⣬˵ô죿
һʱҲòˣһ˵ĽǶȶԣʱǧһõĻᣬϾԷԸΪںͬòһʾ޴
Ϊǧ˶ʿЩǵˣȻ򵥣һóȻĲȥܵʲôǿɾ͵òʧˣǵһ㣬ƽƸ
ܣͻ¼ǲ֪ǰôòҪĲ֣һʲô˵鷳ǿɾѱˣڶԷĿȻѾȷˣȻǲܵʲôӰġ
Ÿһ¹Ŀ˵
ǧС㣬ⲻҲԸæҵıҲôʱҾѾչˣǣһЩ鷳
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ǧҶܿʱӸղֵʱ֪һǿߣֵĻǧ屣Ǽĳɹɺܴ
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˿ûɿڵ˼˼ҲˣǾǲԵɣԲæദôãѾϤ뷨ˡ
վޱһۣǧҶܿҧҧ촽üͷšһȻ˽սžҪҪ˵
ƺԵĺܵϾǳ飬ڶʿԸҲǣȻֲʲô
ðɣˣܣϣܾԵıܣ⴫ȥ
ǧҶܿƣص˵
ȻǧҺҪĺ飬ûǵͬ⣬һ˽⴫κε顣
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ǾͶлˣǼǧһضıʵҲ֪ǼʲôһɫľͷֻĲԲΰߵ㣬ľͷǧѾǧʱ䣬һ˽ܺõı
ǧҶܿ˵ǰõʱľͷŻתƵ⴦ǰҲ֪ˣֻϵĳأʵһȽʵңоһЩ߼˵ĿƼҲܲι۹ˣľͷǷʵоġ
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ǧС㣬ľͷϣԲεİߵ⣬ǲǻаصĽɫľͷ
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ǧҶܿȵĺ˰벽ܿǼмĳԱ֪ľͷĴڴ󲿷ͨǧҲǲ֪ϸģȻϸ΢ܹԾ
еĻͬһ˵ǿȴЩˣΪľͷԭĻԻձһͷųһж˲仯Ϊɻҡ
ûǧҶܿǳԾı飬˼ĵ˵ͷȻǼĻҵǿ԰һæҵǲҪģҶһЩ룬ԺܻľͷһЩʵ飬ϣǲҪ̫ģҲǸľͷ
˵ҪǸľͷʵ飬ǧҶܿϵ̾ͱˣһ仰Щ
ֻҪܹǧľͷҿľͷһãϣºΪǽһľͷϸ
һ˼ǧҶܿʹӦʱٿҲΪǧһε峤ˡ
ãȻ˵ĻҾһˡ
˵ͷƣܺһȥˡ
⣬̫ðɣǱܻңǱһչ˲ܣʲô⡣
ǧҶܿЩɵʵ
İɣڣܲµġ
ȻһЦʾǧҶܿ·
ȻִˣǧҶܿҲö˵ʲôֻ񣬰ԸԼһҸ棬ʹƵߣһʲôҲԼʱľơ


952 ս
֮ϣڵսѾ˰Ȼ״̬
һζʿǧĹ˷ǳ֣Ʋʮ֮£ɲǶһֲӣȫ书ߣһټʮĸ֣Ѿһ˲õ顣
ҪһǶʿԣڵͼͿԲСߵ츳ȫĳԽ˵ͼߵʵ
߾ԲΪǵھĴڣȶʿ˵ֵͼûʲôʵս壬ϳ߲ɱǿ壬ܲǺܶࡣ
ʿͲͬˣǵǴӰ᪴õ֮ʿʹõʵǰ᪴Ϊ᪴߱ԭǷǳǿ󣬵ıϣȴȵҪ߼Ķࡣ
ЩʿټϱǺܲʵȻͬĶдռϷ磬ս־ᴦһ浹״̬
˵֮ϣһ·ϿһЩս϶Ƕʿѹǧ˴򣬶ǧ˾ֻƴֿǿסԼˣҪȴǸΪ
ĿǰҪǰǧҶܿ¶ʿҪߵĶ޹أԶЩ֧ŵǧˣһҲ⣬ֱһٵĳǧҶܿ˵ĵط˹ȥǧҶܿҲǽĸ󣬶ЩսһӶ
ߵһ濴ȥһ޴ıݣȫǻĺʵǽ壬ſһȺصʵİȫ⣬ĵطûſԽˣȫʮ֮ߡ
ڵĳɲһˣµİȫűϣһ޴׳ĶںȻڵΧڻĺۼǱʲôµĶֱӻһʹǹȥôʱ䣬ڵʱ򻹿Ըܵһ쳣ˣԴطǶڵıԵ
ʱ⿴һ۶ڵıԵһ˿ƣûж̫õʱ䣬ʹ˳ų¥ݷɿĸȥͱղŵսƻˡ
˵һ㲻֮ѾԼ˺ıը͸߰ĺЩӵ¶¥㴫ɼսļҳ̶ȡ
һͶܿһ㶼ѾҵսƻĲˣǵһˣžĽӽսıҲԽԽǵ㣬սļҳҲ׵ĳ˵ǰ
ʮܴںɫµĮӣһʮָ߶˵ıѾ׵ƻˣЩ˾Ǹƻıҵſڣ׼ȥǧƴķأǲЩ˳
ĿǰֻںɫµӼʵʵսУ󷽻мӱ˱ڣ޷ЧļսУֻǰ˼սǧҲӦʮֳһЩȫ˳ǧ˿϶Ƿزסˡ
סԲǳ֧ԮѾ·ˣһҪסǣ
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С㣬ܲǵָסԷǵĹƺͣһмʵϲûмսеѾȫʩչطֶֻ֧ʮӣ֮Ϳ϶סԷˣ
һСĻ㱨ȻţἫĴ˵ʿǸʱĻṦһˣС㣬ǵ֧Ԯʲôʱܵ
֧ԮѾˣǼĸ֣Ҵطĸ֡
ǧҶܿҡҡͷת鷳ˣҵѾҪֲסˣԷĹƺͣǶʩչطֶܼʮң˿̶ֵĻ˻һ֮
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񱨾ͲˣֻҪСǵ֮ǰӦˡ
һЦһ͵ǧԱƴصĺϣұ͵һӣһɰʱ֣ͼһȺǧ˷׷ڿնֱԽշɹͷ䵽˺󷽵Ӫ֮С
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ֻһڣȻҪӳȥѣղžǱǧƴס˳ڣЩʿûӳȥת˷ӪȻҲʱֻҪסһھˣתһ˲˱仯
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ǲ棬ûһԱ֪
Ҳ˵ʲôϻȻʼת


953 Ƕ
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һȻ˵ʲôȴܺõڵʵ͹ȥѾ֮Ϊ֮ǰûƣֻǽ֮΢һѾ׵ƵУʩչѾٵ괴书֮£˾˵Ժʣŷ޶۲ѡ
ʱ˿̣һȺʿڵȻʼڵתǻȴû˿ǿɢ¶Ķʿûн㣬ΪǿڸûҪֵļǿϢѾԶԶĳ쾳ľ硣
ͨںĺھ磬ҲǽڵһС磬һͻ磬һڣڵҺ̬ͻΪһŽ𵤣ӵ׷ʱԼԪ
һǳʱ飬Ҫϵͻһ磬ȡԪԪڤڤ֮еĹ£û˿Խʹʲô취ӳԪҲǶΧ֮ڣκͼΥ飬ᱻһʱ
Լ˵ȻԻţ˱˵ΪԪԶԶδֻΪڶɽٵʱ˰㣬¶ɽʧһ֮ȴ˳ԪֱߵԣԪһ˵Ļʲô嶼ûãΪ˲ͻҷ
ʹӵԪڱϾһͨ˵壬Ϊȥô겻ȴʱƣһͻʱ䣬ͻǸʱҪѰһ
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ⶼԺҪ飬ڰǰǽ᪴Ǳصųһеڽ׽ڵ·ϵϰֻн˽ڣúһ˳
ǰЩʿһҲû׼Źû̶֣Ϊһ취Щʿɱİ취ҪʳϢɱЩʿ
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ҪĿɲЩҪ׽Щʿ֮ǵĿʳϸϢڰ᪴ߣ֯ĻܣǴӦǧԭ򣬷˵ǰǧˣԳֶԸǧѾķǳõĽˡ
ʿûоʲô쳣׼֣ѾתֻһĹѾʧԭأһȻѾ˱ҵſڣֱվǸǰһͷǰ
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ڰ˫ɫ̫ͼֵһ˲ͼٵתЩӴ̫ͼĻ׷ױ̫ͼ˽ȥһ㷴֮ûУȳֵٶȻҪ죬ô˲ʧˣ̫ͼҲʧӰ
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ʣĶʿûΪ˵ʧţпѵͽЩȱ㶼ĨȥˣȻѾûԣȻҲûп־Щ֪ʵǿҲη壬˵Ǿ仰ҲѾ˶̾һαãʮһ󷨡
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ΪˣǶ﷢磬ȻŹ󷨵ֻеĶӵУһͨǲѧϰ󷨵ģȵĵط
ϳǶҪ˵Ƕʿ֯ԼģҲŵģ󷨸Ͳǵͽ׵߿ԴĶ󷨣ͽ򶼲ܡ


954 ȫܻ
ȻǶӵмǲͻẦ¶פ㲻ǰƾǰЩʿЩ߽׵˵ֱϺз㲻ϣܹǶй
Ĺƣ󷨣Щ˵Ҳѧ˸ƶѣܽʵǿһЩʲô˵ã̸ʲôǿ󵽿µˡ
䵽ϵİ᪴ߣƺ򵥣ԽԽ˼ˣ
΢΢һ̣һ˿ζɫһͽ֮С
Ͷ󷨣ЩʿȻҲû뵽ʱ䲢˲ͷӦ˹˵ζʱ仯һԭһ¶󷨾ͱ˽Χм󷨣չֳ˼ΪĲֶΡ
ƽʱûϰҿܽ󷨵ӳ֣
Цһҡҡͷ
벻Ķ󷨣Ȼڶʮǧ߲˳֪λǶܣ֪֮᲻ĴɽЩˡ
ļʿиûκ˻ӦƺЩ˶֮ǰǸˣ˱֮Щ˾ֻԸ
ֻʮһ仯˵ǰֳŵɫĻ棬Щ󷨵Ŀȫ۵˸߿գһεѹ˲ѹļϣʮ˵󷨵ϣȻǿ˽ʮ࣬Щû뵽󷨶Щ˾ȻҲô֮
ǰ߽᪴󷨸ĹˣЩǾ޷Ƕ󷨵ģǵ̫ˣ󷨶޷ƣֻ޵󷨲ſԣǸ˲׳٣ȻԼǶ󣡡
Խ˽󷨣ԽǸȤһλڵߣ֪βǶ󣬾Ȼ֪󷨵ķһѾԤʾ˰᪴߾ԲǼ򵥵ߣݿҲǴ
Ҳӵ֤ʵ֮ǰ²⣬ڵǱ仯˵ԭԼسֵҶЩӦڵ򣬵ȴʱ׷׳֣Ѿ˵˺ܶ⡣
Ժ֮ǰ飬ܶѾʼЩģĽʱǶĹҲѾˣʮڵɫĴ󣬻ûһֱ޴׶ߵͷͷֻһǰ˸ͷ
ͷĲϡԼĻڱƣһ΢СͷҪðͷȴΪûиĻӦһֱ޷û壬ֻǱε˻
ЩʿʵǱȽϲʮĸǶ˵ĿԻû˸ͷһϧЩʿ˵ҪĹǳ˵Ρ
󷨵ǲԭǶ󣬻İ汾ѵһĺ󷨣ϧǵУȫȫ˷ˡ
Ǿ޴ͷһ˻ʱ΢΢һЦ̧ͷƳһǾ޴ۣ͸¶ȫǷĻ֮⣬ںһã죬ֻһ̴˳
һ޴ƴ˳ǽʮƵĵһʽлڣҲǿһе幥ڴʱ˿ʹóѾһľȫζɡ
ҵգۼĹײǾ޴ͷһǿľСıصļŲϻصĴ࣬Щ֮øӵͣ⣬ЩʿζЩȲסˡ
ټӰѾɣ
һЦĳ̩ɽ䣬ֱһǿ£ڼĳӵľˣӵʱ䣬Ǽ򻯰ǶȻƽˡ
Ϊĳֶƽ⣬ΪЩĶʿѾ޷վȽŸ޷סִӺ̸άһ󷨣һúõ󷨾ƣֻʩһѣûо͹Щʿ
ڴƽһ˲䣬һתʮʿǰͬʱӰ֮ǰǸһÿһץסЩʿͷ­һ΢͵󷨾ĳֱͣûЩ˵ͷ­֮С
Ҫ˵Щĵֱ΢΢һǽɾԭ򣬶ҲΪЩ˵ʵѾͨǰʵЩˣֻЩͨĸ֣ܺһս
ⳡս֮˿ĵط˲͵ǵ΢͵󷨣ȻֻаƴСѵȴԶԶĳ˸ղŶ֮ʱĵ
󷨲ûʲôãǶϾЩʿ֮ϵˣΪ֯õϢЩʿһܱץ֮󣬺ܿͻûκε⣬ҲһֱûʳйЩʿܻ֯Ϣ
ʱͲ²Ӧǲܵ飬һϴٳɹ֯Ҳ̫һ㣬ǸӶģҪôĹͽһ򵥵飬οڰ᪴߸ûǿ
ΨһԽһľЩ˵֮жѾĳֽƣֻҪ͸¶йضʿ֯Ļܣйذ᪴ߵ飬ƾͻԶЩʿﵽڵĿġ
Ҫһ㣬϶Ҫڵ֮Ͱ᪴߱һϵҪð֪᪴Щ鼴ԵѡһʿŻʩչǸ򵥵󷨣Щʿϵ
ϵʿǱһ֪Ϊǰ᪴ǵֶΣô׵ĸأ
䵽УַҪʵ־ЩˣȻʵҲǺǿ󣬵Ǻڰ᪴ߵʵҲ˵ķǳУ˶ǰʩչ󷨲ܸ֮ĸӦ
һУʮ˲仮һٶȱһʩʩȻ߳˱ңһȺѾһմӵǧĳԱȡսʤٶȼֱǲŵٶȡ
ǿսƴһҪסĶʿǣȻ˲һûʲôٶЩʿѾȫ
߳ΣǧҶܿҲһ˿ӵɫһǿıڣһɫˣһʹˡ书ˣȻԸƵߵһڣǧҶܿ˼⡣
书ҶܿͶء
ȵ߹֮ǧҶܿæһ˵


955 ֮
л
ǧҶܿԵлˣΪǧδļ̳ˣҲһε峤ǧҶܿڵһĸߣȻһԶ
ʱ˿̣Ѿû˰ɽֻһߵıˣΪжǶôǿ󣬶һλǿĸԸĵڣֻ飬оʲôè壬ͲӦȥԲ²ˡ
С¶ѣҪһĵطúõһЩʿڼ䣬Ҳϣ˴ңЩʣĶʿͽԼˡ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷǧЩеľηûղ֮ʩչֶʰһȺʿҪЩ֪£ûٸҰһͨı
оһܵķ䣬ƽʱоһЩԸߵĿȻôǾͽʹúˡ
ǧҶܿæ˵һԵʹ˸ɫǰһȥҰһЩ˽Щʿںһߡ
ܣȥȥ
ƴ˸кЩ뿪ˡ
´ЩʿеõһЩõϢҪϵܲҵ᪴ڵλú͸꾡ϢЩ˵ƽʱͺͰ᪴ߴһ
ǴܵоҲûжԶһ˺ܿ͵ˣʿ֮ǧòĸˣߵʱ򻹴оҵĴţоڶʱʣһȺԲѵĶʿ
һȺʿ֮Уͷ֮ȻǸǰһͷˣ֪ҲӦˣ׼֣ȴĶʿ֣֮Ըˡ
ڵЩʿѾ󷨺նϵҲַܱ֤һֹЩʿɱЧλҪ֤һ
ĸһģһ΢͵Ĵ΢΢һһʿͻ˹۾֮ȴǿԿ˸ûʲôѵʶͫȫûн࣬һʧ״̬
˵᪴
ûʲôϻֱ⡣
᪴ߣ졭
Ѿ˾Ķʿ˵˵˼֣ϼ͵һ鴤Ǿһ˿ɫѪҲ˲ʧȥļĵ˵ϡ
ôܣ
üͷʱղʶһֱ˵ϣǴ˵Уǰһӵʱ䶼ûУûκε쳣֣ʿȻôĪˡ
ߵǸѾȥĶʿߣϸоһʿ壬嶼ϸµѲһ飬ȻȴûзκεĶ߻쳣
ǰ᪴ߣȻ˸ֶΣҶʲô
һ˿⣬һվ
վԭ˼һаСʱʱһδͻȻһģ׼ˣ˶ʧ˹ڵ͵Ŀû˿ı顣
᪴
ͬ⣬ʵʳһ˲䣬֮Ȼ˼ޣԭֻΪʶȻ˲ʶĵȼǿ֮׵˵ȫ״̬̽һ
ޡ
ͬ˵û˵֣˾ͬʱ˵ɫѪ͵һһᵹ˵ϣϢ׵ĶϾˡ
ҵˣ
˵ȴûüͷɫһϲһ˿˷ܵɫ
֮ǰʶ޷׽Щʲô쳣˼еĿֻ֮һܹ˵ڵǾʲô鷢ˣȴ޷֪ǰյȼǣ޽ģΪûбİ취롣
Ƕ˵ȴǿԽģǾʹóĿǰȼʶ޷Щ仯ôʹһȼʶ̽顣
ʶʶȻ֮ʶΪ߶ģʶȴΪ߶ģ߱ϵĲͺܴ߿ûа취֮ͻȻʶĳ̶ȣΪ޷ȼߡ
ȴǿԶʱһ㣬ԽҺ̬˲޵ѹۣһһʩչıϣûһǽͨҲ޷ʩչ
ƵķԴķǵϵЩͨǿĹڵ򻷾¿ʩչķַֻһķ߱
˵ڵǸӡЧķֹϢй¶ܹܺõķֹʵ¶ȥӡķǰҵְͨõģȻֻǸ򵥵СȴҲ˷ż
ڵ֮ϣΪ󻷾ԭƣЩͨķҲʮֵޣǸԵԭ򣬲ЩͨԵֻͣΪûһ㹻õĻȥѡ
ͲͬˣЯļӵдķЩܶڶ޷ʩչҪΪǿʵͳſҲֻһЩķʩչһˡ
ղǽ˲ѹޣһ˿ķеһַʩչһЩǿ֮ķ߱ãҲǴСˣЧȴǺܲ
ʶѹʶ֮Ѫһ˲䣬ɹĲ׽еһ˿ɬѱĲɲ֮ڵһصĶأ˲ʹݻꡣ
ЩʿȥΪжΪ걻һ涾׵ĴݻˣԲŵ˲
Ķԣ
ֿԲ֮еĶأʹҲЩԾܹ֮еĶؿǺټģһ翵ĶҪ¶ȻҪöżߵΪ
᪴öҲһ൱ֶΣ򲻻ʵ˵زЩ˵֮¶һȴЩѰˣܳ᪴µʶӡǽ⿪֮еĶأûа취ʳκε顣
ŵʣЩʿüͷٶ鷳ҪԭΪʲôزֻҪҳصλãֱӳؾͿˣû뵽صľȻǲ֮С
˼һ֮û뵽ʲôõİ취Ը᪴ߵһУֱǸ׳нľУһʱ֮仹벻ʲôƽ
֮£ֻٶȻʿظ֮ǰ⣬ϸĹ۲һ


956 ȡ
ʿÿһǱ˵һ仰ش˼֮ͳ׵궼ڰԵƥĶʧ
տʼʱͼȫһʿ꣬㲻ֹҲҪʱıطҲǿʩչģھһһʿ֮ȴǶַеʧ
Ȼ᪴궾صʱѾǵһ㣬ֻܱҪһ̾ͻᵼĻҷ
ʧܲЩʿһõͻƿڣܴЩ˵Ŀеõ᪴ߵϢô;ҲͲˡ
򲻸ˣڵھʿҷ֮ҵ˰᪴ߵʶŵķλˣλЩʿļڣһЩ䱻˴Ҫ˵֮ǱصĶؾͻ̼䷢ֱɢꡣ
ʾ֭ҪôԸ᪴ߵʶƵʱһ뷨ͻȻԺǰʱǰһ
˵Բ߲˽ƣ˴һƬļ䣬ֻҪƬļб״̾ͻݻٷ˵Ĵԣﵽֹ˵Щ״
뵽ͻȻʶļʵݣһ֮Уһ֮Уڵļ䵱ȻڴضִѧѾ֤ʵˣͨһϵеʵȷ˴Եļ洢λ
֮еļȻǸӱյģΪ߿Ը壬ͨʩչķȥȡ˵壬ͬһȫϡ
УԭЯļ䣬Ҳᱻ֮˻ȡȻڴԵļǱһ飬żʣԼҲᣬΪĳҲǶˣڶʱѾˡ
ڵļɻȡ˴󲿷ֻ֣װûʲôӦѣ뵽һ㣬һ뷨ʱӿͷ
᪴߾ܶЩʿʮãȴһע⵽Щ˴ڵļ䣬ǧǱһʧǼпܵ顣
ͨ񾭴ͻͷŵԪźţģźţ˽мΪ屾;߱ҲǼԴ
뵽̿ʼжˣһŵĶʿʶ̽˶ԷԺ֮У·ҵ˸Ĵ򣬼ʿһļ䣬ܺܶ䱾Ҳ޷𣬵ȴɴڴڡ
ڼ䶼ǱһȴûжЩַ֣ѰңҪѾ޴ľһԷͻɢַѾܺˣٻлһЩϢĿܡ
ͨʿԺһڹ˵˴õϢ֮ҵһЩõһŶԷڵļ䣬һֻĻϷɿػţһͼ
Щͼɽˮ͵šվȻɽڰ᪴߾ʲôطЩʿȴǺ֪ģֻڼмЩطٵĽЩͼ»ԭ˳󷢸˶ȥ顣
ǿ֮ٶҲʮ֮죬һĶʿֻǻ˲СʱĹڹ˵Ϣ֮ڽȫļ䶼ˣһЩеĻ⣬ִļ䡣
⣬лŵĶʿһߣõϢޣȴǺ٣һõĿˣﻹһʿͷͷûм飬ſԻøϢ
ָһĵ֮ʽʼ˿ʼ˼ַ漰κε书ǴĿѧԶ룬ͨԴ񾭴ͻͷŵźŽлԭЩıɴԵźŵļ»ԭΪͼ
˵ԴϢҪЩʿö࣬ӵдڰ᪴ߵļ䣬ڼһźģͼƬһڵĶ˸Ӱֵľ޴ͷİǱߣͼƬĸһƬţûκεϢ
ҵˣȻЩ˵лۼ᪴ߵĴڣ˾һڶʿ֯У˲ָܾߣ˵˿ܺͰָ᪴߱ӽܵϵץЩ˵Ļ˵ͿԻüΪϸ鱨
˵ĴһСʱңϿʶ֮Щ˷ܵĵ
˵ļУȥҰ᪴ߵʱҪһ󣬲ȴʱԿŵģϸʱ涨ÿһľһŲŻῪҲǸŸӸ߼ĶʿǸ
˵Ҳ֣˵ļУȻûйʿ߲ļ䣬ûȷͼ䣬ֻмֶѣʿǶ˱ܣԼͬҲǱ˺ܴԡ
һܹؼĵطǾ˶԰᪴ߵļУƵĳ˺һ˼϶ָλãĶ
˵᪴߿ĳصĿռûڵر֮ϣ׾ͱз֣ڵĿƼҲܷرķǳˣֻжصܸõıƽ
һǸԺϢ뿪ʵңڳĶʿѾȥǾ⣬ҲѾȫˣȻǱסһΪԵļǿеͱƻһɶ֮Ҳֻһ׳նѡ
ôЩʿҲмڳɱһЩ޷֮ˣЩ˷ǧ֮Ҳг϶ͽǧȥһᴦķǳá
ҺļƻҲҪǧϲſʩչΪҪĶʿֲ֯ûг֣һŰ᪴Ϊɽ֯ûͨĸ֣žļ˹
ͨĸֶ˵ֱǲֵһᣬֻҪ᪴Ը⣬ȫ֣ͨϾҪЩΪϵĶȡ֮ûǿΪʿ֯ͱձļˡ
ʵѶʼʱѾǹȥһһҹʱ䣬ʵҵһֱǧڵȺţˣ̸·ȥǧҶܿȥˡ
ˡ
ǧҶܿȻҲû뿪
ǰΪҪֹĻָʾ⣬ΪҪ˸и˼Ҳһʱڵһ˵⻰ƺ̽źĺ⣬ˣһͣ˻⡣
ĶʿѾˣҪһǿľͷ
Ҳ˵ʲôϻֱӾǰҪ


957 ľ
ǧղصǿľͷƻĺĶеǿľͷĻôʿһǲĸԸǧ壬ƱҪǿľͷΪֹǰҪȷǿľͷľǸ
ãʹȥһ
ǧҶܿǸɴĺܣûʲôܾ˼Ϊзǳǰ֮˵ʵ˵䲻ĻȫһɱеˣҪǸľͷĻ
ܣҲһȥɡ
˵ͷǧҶܿʶĺǱȽģûʲôǵľٶ
뿪˷䣬ȥһңŴǧеĴְ֣صʮܣǧҶܿˣһ˷׷˿˽ȥ
ڣһͨɢɫڷϣ⣬ûκζ
ǧҶܿߵӵǰİ˼£ӾԶм˿¶Ǹľͷ
֮ǰûκεľͷҲԿһЩɫһжһ˿΢Ц𽥵
ƺϳľͷ
ǧҶܿһֱעһһʱ⸱飬ﻹ֪ʲô飬ֻ̽Եһʣʵ˴𰸡
벻ǧȻܵõıҲǧĻԵϢ֪αʿ֪ˣǵļҲΪһ
˵ͷеľͷ
ָ̣ľͷʲô
ǧҶܿʱɫһ࣬΢΢һ
ľͷıһΪľľľҪǳ£ڼᾭεҲ֪ʱľ׵ĴΪľ̺̫֮ʢŻ׽١
˵ľֻ³ɳһľ׽Ծŷʵı仯ľΪʢ֮׵֮ӶһִϢϢЧֻҪôһСľͿָٶȴļӿ졣
ľȻľϾȻĪ൮֮ǰֲֵ
һѾǧҶܿⷶΧΪںƭΪǧõľͷǧ꣬ȻҲ˲ٵоǿ֮˵Ȼû˵ȷʵǧĸܵ˺ܴ洦
֮ϲᵮֶľҪΪŨϵ̫ϡȫʺľľ
ϵҡҡͷ
ǵϵĶĪǣ
ǧҶܿʱһ˹ϵ˵һʱЩת
˵ˣ
ҡͷһЦǧҶܿп˳Ϊ⣬ǵ뷨ˡ
ǵϵĶô϶ĳˡ
ǧҶܿɫ΢΢һ֪ⷽ϶û֪Ķ࣬ΪȻǴĳȡʮ־˵ϢЩϢĵ˶ǲ֪ģ߶һ
õĻ˵ȷʵˣû֮⣬Ƿڣ
ķʵ
һһֱмᶨ̬ȣǾһǵں嫵УֻһСĲСһܵΪβԣֻʱûǸȥְˡ
ЩԤϣǧҶܿȻʮֿ϶֧˵˵
ĵҲЩǲ׼ģϣҷ˺ЩʿһϢҲµûĻӦҲͨߣ˰᪴ߵɣ
һתʵ
ȷʵͨߣ˰᪴Īʲô׵ĵط
ǧҶܿ΢΢һ䡣
ǿеİ᪴񣬲ʲô飬һǿߣطźܶߣǶȵϵҪǿ᪴߾֮һ
Ѱ˼һ˵᪴ߺΣգʹҲһǿߣѰ᪴ߺܶ꣬ҵڵϲţЩΪһЩԵԾ취ϵҡ
˵иϵ㣿
ǧҶܿһЩŵĿʵ
ңԶǿһˣзǳϵңҵӦÿˣαװᣬᣬ;ǿʵӦûмڶ˰ɣ
Լ䣬ȻǧҶܿһ˿Ȼɫ
ѹ˵ȴ˵ᣬԭڰľͰ᪴ʲôϵ
ĬĬ˼һǧҶܿʵ
ΪԾǴҪʹıһԴﵽƽĿģľǱеıĴϢ߱Чڵİ᪴ǷȱĶ
˵ͷ᪴ߺܾúܾǰͶ˵֮ϣǸʱ໹ûгڵϣ򶼴ԭʼĽ׶Σûκǻ۵֣˰᪴ߵƻָһֱȻ
Դ֮󣬰᪴߾ͿʼﵽҪǿĿģʿǰ᪴ԲٿصΪɱǿߵָˣЩͨߵˣ궼Ϊ᪴ߵĲҩ
֯ҵ΢һЩѰ᪴οյǧҶܿǧҶܿһֱǳĬ˵Щ顣
ձĿģΪ˲᪴ߣ
֮ǧҶƲŻ̾˿
ԭĿġ
˵ͷ
Ȼĸ֣Ҳ޷ߵڣԭĿģ᪴߾ˣܹݶʿЩǿߣаܹԸ
ǧҶܿЩɵĿʵ
Ҫ֪᪴Ŀǰ״ΣҪӶʿĿеõһЩϢ֮ǰץסЩʿѾ֪һЩԶԶҪĶʿеĸ֣øϢ
ҡҡͷ˵᪴߾ˣϾҲߣձ󣬲ǸϵҵȻҲʮΪ̫ԶܰʲôæֻпԼ취ˡ
һҪ᪴ߣôصˣȥöûлָҲֱҲָαһҪڶԸ
ǧҶܿĵʵ
Ϊ᪴һѣͽһƽ١
̾Ϣһĸ˸ǽľ


958 ӿ
ƽ١
ᵽʣһǧҶܿԺͷĿ¼
ڵԶŰͳ˵ھһƽ֮嶼ӵԶʧˣֻĹǺо
᪴ߵѣȻһƽ٣ǧҶܿЩľҲЩɡ
ѵ֮᪴󣬻ʲôõľٶ
һƽǧҶܿɻʵ
ǻʲôõľٶпֱӵĴ
ҡҡͷ᪴Ҫָ֮ƣԼ޷жֻͨٿضʿЩˣԼһЩǿ꣬ĻָһָжпܻѪе飬ռЩָơ
Ѫ򣿣
ǧҶܿһ˿ֵɫЩǿô
ҪСЩǿߣǵʵǿģ᪴ңԶǿյһˣϵĿƼ޷ǿȥУЩǿȴǿٵһ˵ʲô¡
һ˿ӵɫֻЩ飬λ˵Щߵа֣ѪڼƵ飬Щħ죬ǵ߿ԱĴڣ᪴߾еһԱ
ȻҪѪеָƣЩ˾ͲǴ𣿡
ǧҶܿ嶼Щ
Ǵֻߵ˵ľǿߣǿеġ
ҡҡͷ̾˿һ᪴ѹǾ˵ѾָжǸʱѾˣһҪ᪴ߵ״̬ſԸλ֣ܷʲô취ӻ᪴ѵʱ䣬ֱӳҪǰǵ֪᪴С
׼ľȥЩʿеĸǰȻץסǱʰ᪴ߵ䣿
ƽһ֮ǧҶܿʵ
ʿԵ޹ʵľʹֻһѾʧȥ˴󲿷ľΪǲʶֶ϶ǵõ˰᪴ߵ⣬ľھͿΪնЩʿǰ̵ɳᡣ
˵ͷ
ûһĻǧͻ⵽ܴĴϾʿ˲Ӧǵʵǿһȫ淢ǧܻ˳һЩ벻ı仯
΢һ˼ǧҶܿ˵
֪ڵʲôľȻǧ壬һЩʿеĸ֣Ըˡ
һЦĻشһŶ裬ԥеǧҶܿ˹ǣõ˰᪴ߵϢһΪ⿪а᪴ߵĿƣ֮Ͳᱻ᪴ȥˡ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
ǧҶܿлպľԸƵıܣ򣬵ǧԼĻȴһû١
κʱ˶ĿףһǧҶܿײˣΪ˹ؼʱ뿪ȴ޴ȥˣҲܵǣԹؼʱĳȻǱҪŬĶࡣ
ʿľʧܵϢܿͱǧӸص˳ȥ֮ձĸ֪ʿǧ壬ȴ⵽ʷĴܣвսĶʿûһǧ壬ȫһʱձִԲϣ˶ڲ²⾿ôһ¡
һ谵Ŀռڣϡɼһģʯ̨һεĺӰӰ˿ڱչͻȻһͳԶźŽǰĻڿռڻص
ɳ֣һҪõǽľ͵ҵǰ
ڿռصļ˺һʱ𽥵ƽϢʧһ̣ʯ̨ϵӰ˫˿ҹл磬˲ռ䣬һ޴ܶĵ¿ռ䣬һʯ̨ǸӰ⣬ûκεĶ
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һĵһʯ̨ϵӰѾʧˡ
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֮СϪ߲־ۼһЩ֮ǰȣЩԾ࣬Ͼղųôֲ飬һʱỹ᳹׵ķеľ䣬һκεķ紵ݶǾͻٴζ·ӡ
ͬһʱ̣ɢձطĶʿפڣصĸ˼ͬһͳϵһɫӣӵĲʷǽľҲ֪ʲôƳɵģһİͷߣһӵķţ̫ǵϵıʾҲ֪ǴӺζ
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λδһһںķµĸߴĴţվưܲĵڴԼһСʱʱڣ󲻶ϵĳһһͬ·ˣЩ˵֮һվԭҲ˵·ڽʲôŹֵʽ
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ӵ·ؿڣһܴİ᪴ߵͼͼһİ᪴ڻĵǰһ
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ʹ˽ٻҵǰǲʲôҪ鴫
ǸؿͷߵӹʵҲ˶䣬ϸʹĻ
˵ʹӽ᪴ߵˣÿΰ᪴ʲô飬ͨʹתģֻҪʹͨˣζſԺͰ᪴ϵϡ
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ʼնһһ㣬峤ʲôӣǰҲһǵ϶һ״Ķ
ѹ˵ԺûҵЩʿ߲ͼ䣬ԭЩ˶Ŀ


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ʹᵽǧʧܵǼ£·Щ˶һ΢ɧʹɨ£ָֻƽ
飬ȷʵĵطûϵǧȻһССĹڶôǿķǼĹ̺˳ǧһλ֣˵пܽӽһ磬˶С
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Ŷӽһĸ֣ǧʲôʱĸ֣
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ҲյģǧһЩĹϼ壬еʱʮֵľԶʵЩ֮ԱģǶЩļҲ޷̫꾡ֻܴŵļ졣
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ȴǹʱ򣬵Լ͵ʩȹ߽гݺһζʿȻϮƻطĳʩԼ豸ȻͣҲӰ쵽һЩܡ
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׼ϢһȱʱӰͻȻ˰칫ɻŮ˸ơ
Ҫţǵ飬ʿˣǸ֣ѾоˣϴҪܶ࣬һѾӽһľ硣
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ΪƵϣǧҶܿûпһ˿ľţ鶼ûκεı仯ȻǶε˼㣬βһܽģҪõദŲɡ
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ڴͷ֮˵һ£ЩӰɿĳǰĹ˹ȥΧǽЩֵֹĵЩ˵ûκεôֻһѾջһֻҹɰѸ硣
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ʱ˿̣һЩҪѲԱ⣬󲿷ֵĹ˶Ϣ״̬һЩڼӰӵҲע⵽ԶʿǺ׾ͽӽ֮ǰǸľ⳧
ܿ죬⼸ʮӰͽ˵㣬һѰȷ˲ľң˼ֱ˶ȥ

˽ӽǼľ֮ʱͷ֮ȴͻأͣ


960 ɽһ
һȺ˲ӾͿٵƶͣȻ沿ӣЩ˵ļһ㶼ѵصĲҪֳ˾˵ЭԺһԡ
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ʱ˵һʵǺͳ࣬ŵ˾ؿͷߵĶʿСԭ
ڵһ˵Ĵ£˴ʱվԭأȻǰ治ʮ׵ĵطǼңֻҪҾܴľЩ˾ûκεĶ·˲伯Ѩ޷ƶһ
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һʱһͻȻ쳹ռ䣬紺ϸһ㣬Ŀռȴǵûκε
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벻Ȼ˿ƽ᪴µķӡǺǶʿԣȴһ֮ѡԸǣҿԱ֤᪴͸㣬ʵԾüΣĴﵽ׵ľ磡
ͫ׵ĵɫͻȻϨȥɽһɾȻڷһתҪ붫ʿ֯
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ʹȻʹԽԽ˼ˣܿϧҶԳΪ᪴ߵͽûκεȤֻһ˾ѡ
ƲƲ죬ڰ᪴ΪЩ𣬲һǿ߾Ȼ䵽ҪȥƷ˵ĵزһȷʵǲᣬѾӰжĵزУ֪жôء
ǿģʹѾǿ󣬴ɿ԰ӵĸо
йâһɽһɼƵ

ͻȻһЦһ˶еĶʿĸоʹǰ᪴ȫʢʱڣҲ˵Լӵ޵


961 
ղ˫̸ʱѾԷʵȫˡ
һζʿһʮˣɽһؿŵͼͷߣͷߵˣļͷߵĶʿʵνǿͷ߾Ѿ쾳ͷ쾳۷ʵʣµͷ֮۷״̬
Ҫһܹóʵȫ׾ٵĳưһּļǻĶûм᪴߹Ȼĸ֣ˣ׾ٵԳưһ
ղóɵʵԸЩˣòʹȫ֮ͨʵվܹõķȻûжǶڵϵ˵ѾǺܿˣûĶ֮ǰչֳʵ
羪κ˰ƴڲϵӿ֮ǿʹԷһȺʿĺɽһɶ⡣
Ѿһľ磿
ɽһɾһһϵƭı飬һ׹İ
һߣһǾζѾվ˵ϵ۷֮ʵױȵǿжԣɽһˣΪۼһֺ˽֣ǵ;߿ԿģЩ˾ͶͿԻӷ޴
ڲ֪ǲЩ̫ˣ
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·ӦڲϵĲͷ߷ŭ˻һҲûЩʿβȻһ飬ȻһӰֱȻ˲ײһ
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ֻҪˣͷ߾ͬʱһʹ˻ǼĶ·Щʿ¸ǸڱѪǵǿԶԶûĿ£Ȼ޷־޴Ĺͷ߷ķǱž׾ٵĻˡ
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ǸһͷߵֵǶ֮Ա˿ƳҪԭΪʵ׾ٵľ
ɽһȻԼ֣ǿƺѾֲ˶ˣɫǵͨ죬ȻҧأȻֹӿӿĴѪ

зŭһɽһŷɫ棬벻ǾȻ˱˵ƣձôֻǶʿȥԸˣû뵽Ȼһ˱˵ĵ
覴ѵɽһɣɲĿž󷨲ϵĹͷѾֳϵĹ£Сһң۾ҪֲסˣͨˮĥĹ򣬿ԼĶԷһ󷨽ɢ˶ΪΪ֮
ЩʿһǶ󣬽еɫ涼˳ɽһɿƱ仯һ޴ͷߣʱĹӦжϾѾʿˣɽһɵУǾ൱һε洢װãΪɽһԴԴϵĹӦ
ʩչĹûгɽһܹܵļޣڲϵĴݲɴеĶʿ飬ÿһµĹЩڵļӿһݣڵҲһЩ¿ֵܼסǾˮһȵЩ˷ӦʱѾûκη
Ķʿ˵ʱսѾûйϵˣǵѾɽһɵУҪҲܲˡ
ǶһԵĵطǻὫɴˣڵǿгȡֹͣȡǱ鵶ЩҲûʲô취ȥ
ԽԽƵԽԽǿĹɽһʶĲԾϸһ˹֪ʱٲЩı䣬¾Ҳûлˡ
뵽ɽһɹϵб仯˼ƣڵ̿ʼӿĶʿͻȻȫ͵ϥ£ͷ֮ð˴ŵɫ棬Щ˵ͷȼһ
ЩɫҪȵһγֵʱɫҪö࣬ȻЩʿɽһɵĲٿ£Ѿ׵Ľ˱ߵ״̬
֮𣡡
ͳɽһɵĿд˴˳


962 
ɽһɵĻ䣬һͬɫĻҲͷð˳ЩһϿͷߵڣֻ޴ͷ­ͬʱһ˻һ̳ɽһ⣬еĶʿϢĵ˵ϣȻһ˲ȫʧȥϢ
ͻı仯̾ͷǹɱǵƸдоȣղͷߵϢҲǿܹͨĸ֣Ͼͨ쾳֮ž޴ĺ蹵ʹɽһѾ쾳۷ܹƾ󷨽ͷߵ߶ⲽأҲǺˡ
ڵͷߵ֮ǿȴԶԶǸղſԱˣ˲伸ı࣬̾ͳͷųϢӴƷ֮£ΧܱߵľԶ㿪һЩ͸һص飬вʱķ͵͵֮
˭
׼߶ʱһͳķ·ӾĺĻص˵Ŀռڡ
ԭһµɽһ̵ϥأ˫ֳ𣬰ڳһֵĳʥơ
ͽںĽ٣
ɽһɹĵ˵
ΪʱĽ٣
ͳ˵
̫ǿ˵˵壬μĶʿѾȫڴˣΪɴõ񣬴ǼҲðĺĽ٣ǰĵˣ
ǸĪɽһųԤϵĹأһ˲䣬ѾȫĿ
˵ĶԻһ̾һ˭ǲ֪ͨʲô취ٵİ᪴ߵ־
ʵõʱҲ׾ٵĽڶİ취ٵңԶĵطӳʵӽٵķ߿Էӳ߳ɵʵڵİ᪴Ѿ˵ز˵ǲʩչ־ͶӰİ취ǰһȴǾˣһʱҲЩɻ
ǿĵˣǰСһ𣿡
ͷߵһľͷ΢΢תһ£޴ͫΣеӲϵš
Ѿһľ磬ΪץסǣΪǲµĽƣֹй¶ǵѾƽˣ֮ǰץסĶʿѾɹȡ˼䡣
ɽһ̹˵
Ŷ֮ϣȻ˿ƽҵĽƣ
ԭֻһͷɽһɵĻͷ­ͻȻȫת˹޴΢΢гһ˿Իɻ顣
һ㿴޴ͷѾ᪴ߵ־ˣڳеĶʿΪۣٻ˰᪴ߵ־壬ֱǿͷߵɽһɹעһ֮󱬷ʵ
ǰ᪴ߣ
ٻߣѾĲףҲСʩչǿ󣬿Ҳӵʱ̾Ϊһߣ۾ʹ֮̾ķ϶ϸĴȫµͷߡ
˼᪴ߣҲûеڶа˸ͷˣҿΪڽҡ
ͳͷתһӴͷͬʱվķλ˹Сһ㲻ձˣǴӻǱ߹İɣ
ȷʵǻˡ
˵ͷһ֪᪴ߣϾ᪴ߵʱ򣬵ϻûгټУӵӴ֪ʶּϹȵϵ飬Ǻܲǵ
ǲ򵥣ôӵʵȻҵļ磬͵Ѿкܶ೬Խ㣬ڵ֮ϣѾǷǳ˲ˣ£ʵҪȥҵļ磬һš
᪴ƺͦȤͷͣĴȴʼձž裬ûһ˿ķɣ书ĺܲȻԽƵ磬ǲ򵥣Ըҵ£ҿԴǿƥκ˵
ƥκˣԺ𣿡
ʱЦһ
󵨣
ɽһɶʱ۾һɣŭһ
޷òʮֵĳڣҪԽңҲǲܵ飬ֻҪȥҵļ磬һʮֿ٣һܹﵽҶľ硣
ͷһҡΣ᪴ߵȻԵЩ
ļ磿㲻ǵϵ
ʵ
ȻǣưܵĵطԶԶĲԵǿߣǸңԶǿչֻΪһЩ⣬Բ˵ϣʮȥˣһֱѰİ취ϧΪȷʵЩ鷳һֱûܽ
ܵ˵£᪴߾ȻûκεǴ󷽷ǰ
㶼޷ؼ磬˵ܹȥļǵС˺ƭ
ʱ͸һ˿ŭζ
ôȥˣҲ𽥵ĻָһЩֻǻָĲѣʺԣֻҪԸ㣬ʵܿͻᵽ۷״̬ǸʱͿ԰һЩ飬һָʵһָһЩ֮ȻͿԴɵ뿪򣬻صҵļ硣
߲᪴˵
ȥҪȥļҪȰָʵô֪ǲƭң
ЦһôҵûжãΪٽһҲᳬ꣬˵ʱ䣬ֻǵָһӼˡ
߱ԪͱҪĶ࣬һЩߣǼûԪƣʮֵĻҪõǿʵҪΪʱһҲƽ֮ˡ
ߺһߵԺʣټԪôôеͱϾɱˣʵ෴ҲֲǿʵֳϵڲϵĻսɱУɿЩߣ֪ʿʵжôǿ
վ۷λãЩȻֱһô׵ľͱ᪴ߺס
ĻԪԶԶֹộǻϼǧҲ׾ٵ顣
ͷߵһ¡
ϼǧ꣬֯ųĻǻϼ꣬Ҳǲϡġ
Цһҡҡͷ
֯ų
ͷ΢΢һ٣İڶ˵֯ҵǸСһѾˣ걻طٿԱʱ䣬ҵʵԶ󡣡
֮ͻ᳹׵ɢԴ޷룬𣿡
һ


963 ȸ
赭дһ仰ȴڰ᪴ߵＤȻ󲨣ͷͬʱͣʮֻ֧޴۾Ķϣ·Ҫ׵Ŀ
ô˵ˣ
Цһ
˭
һ仰ʱ򣬰᪴Ѿû˸ղŵĴݣ͸ء
СӶʮֵĲ硭
ɽһһԹ˵˷ѸʱˣϾǧĵ̣һʱǧ˸ֹڵǺģָ᪴ߣ붼û
ֽȻǰûʩչǶַȻٻ᪴ߵ־٣ʱӷǽٵʱ䲢ǺܳҸĴҲǼ󣬲ʺϳ־õս
ɽһɵĻû˵꣬ͷߵľβͻȻһ³ϣ˲ͱһѪȻһʬ޴³
˾޴Ĵۣٻ˰᪴ߵ־٣û뵽Ȼ˰᪴ߵ֪Ǹ˵ɽһɿɱǿ̾жʿûһУȫ羴С
㾿˭
һɱɽһ֮ͷ߶һ䣬ʮֵأ۾˾衣
ֻһͨĻ߶ѡ
赭д˵·ղʲôҲûзһ
˲˵֪ԴôֻһͨĵˣѾƻԸӵĳ̶ȣܵԴ֮ˣʲô
᪴ߺһĻָƽż䵽ߣҿڵϢʮֵȵ˵Ҫǿܶ࣬Ǻ߱ȴ̫ˣĪ˵̫أòˣ
ߣºûйϵڵôʱ䣬һֱⵯ֮أңʲôʿܵռ꣬ЩȻҪͨǿ󣬵Ƕƻָ˵ӦֻǱˮнɣ
̾ľ䶯˿¶·Ρ
ٺ٣ֻǱˮнҲȵֻҪһָһж֮ͿԴе꣬ʱѪҵҲָĳңǸʱͿ뿪ˣ
᪴һЦ˲бĿ˵Ȼôƽһ£ƺֻǳһٷƵᡣ
ıʵѪһȻָֻܻĳɵʵҲᡣ
һһӰ᪴ߵĻУѾ֪˺ܶ飬ЩԻҲڱ˿ֻͨĺѶѣĶУȴѾ׽˺ܶ಻ƽϢ
û취˭˾ֻǷ˶ѣһŵͼǣֻǶǣѪ֮Ҳ㹻һָȫƣϧһưܵǶ㲻ϣֻһƬ棡
᪴һ֮䵽ֻ㱾ùˣ
ǰĵλͰɣȻ䵽ƫƧĵطҲ˲˵顣
ĵ˵ͷͻȻת˻⡣
֪
᪴۾΢΢һУɵ´һ
Ƕ󣬾Ȼ򻯳ܹʺϰ󷨣֪У󷨵ĴǺٵģ㾹Ȼü󷨣ȶޱȵϤˣô֮ǰȻ͵ȥ
΢΢һ̡
ȻϳǶ󣿣
̰᪴θһ㣬ע⵽쳣̵˵ҲʲôСһ߿ɲ֪Ƕ󣬸޷Ƕ򻯺󷨣󷨵˽ҲСһ㾿˭
۴ʵ᪴߳ƺһСһﶼΪϾ֮ǰʱ䣬Ҳѣ᪴߹ڵϵʱ䣬Ѿʮꡣ
ʮ֮ǰֻ֪֮أ᪴Ѿ˵ĬĬݷȴŶɽһ졣
ĳЩǶ˵ȷʵͦĽġ
ڵѾʮ꣬ʱҲѣ϶û˵ҵˣҲգ֮УȷʵʶһλǶǴѧġ
ĵ˵һ˿ӵɫ
Ĵǿ϶Ѿ˼ʮ꣬һʶģ˭
᪴ߵ۾ͷִսһЩ
򣬱߲ʿȸжƺΪȸ
һһ˵ÿһֶû˰᪴ߵֻǼ򵥵һ仰ȴð᪴סˣþöûлع
Ѿǲжˣʮʱ䣬ĥƽκεļ䣬ߣҲѼǵʮǰ飬ǵļȻȳҪĶ࣬ǻŵʱ䳤ˣҲ࣬ҪһҲס
ܶ߶ὫһЩ޹ؽҪļɾЩֵüס飬ԷԺĨȥˡ
᪴䵽֮ϣ˾Ѿʮ꣬ʵѾҪʧȥϣʮʱ䣬Ҳֻǻָһѣٹȥʮ꣬Ҳָʲôز֮ǰ˵Ϊ˺ѡ
һǿߣȻ䵽ҪȥƷ˵ĵز֪Ǻεȵı
᪴Ҳûа취Ѿɥʧƶ޷뿪ĵطֻȥһЩˣȻķչ׳Ѽָ֮á
ϧ˵᪴ߵ̫ˣصЩߵ겻ֻǱˮнˣ޷ٵĻָơ
һ˾Ĵڵʮ꣬һϢһϤ֣ð߲ܹ᪴ȵС
Ĭһ֮󣬰᪴ٴοˡ
ʲôϵ
ʮֻ۾Ķ᪴ߵĻӦ
֮Ի䵽ϣӣҪԭΪǶɽٵʱҵľŻ֣ôᱻٻȥ򰾵ĵ壬ֻһƲл䵽
ᵽ˵£һɱʢ̾ܵľ˫۶ѪһƬһŭ֮ĸе豸ȫ˿ͷŭĳж̲סĵ˼
ԭҲǱ򺦳ģǻͬ
ɱУ֪᪴û˵ѣ͵Ϯһλɽڵһɣ
ҲǱ򺦳ģ
۾ವĶ˰᪴ߵϣҪ᪴߾Ҫ£ʵˡ
̫ˣ֪Ƿ˵һңǳʼս
᪴ûֱ˵ȷʵ
˵Īɽӽһս
һѰ˼ͻȻ뵽ʲôȻһ


964 
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᪴߳̾һε̾Ϣа̫̫Ķ
ɽӽһս磬˵ΪϹλֶͨĴ֣ĽˣһȸҲ֮һĪλڤˣ
뵽˵һսҲ΢΢Щʧһս˵۷֮սսĴһվ۷Щ꣬һʵΪ£ѹ׵ǲʤö٣綼ΪɽӽһսбȫĴݻ١
ɽӽ֣ΪһϿȣɽӽԶԶһϿô򵥣Ǻϵһ޴ͨͨڲڶʯзǳµˮһ߸ȥɽӽִ֮ء
һΪΣյĵطȴս£ֱλƽأɽӽ֧飬ˮɢ䵽ϵΣյΧٱ
һսҲʶЩֶܵͨΣʵʿҪϲ٣ĴǣȴǸֶͨ죬ʵҪĶʿҪǿһ
֮ԻͿȸҲΪѾվʿ۷壬ʵЩҲ϶٣Ҫӵǿ󣬱ϾûıԹ˭Ҳ֪Էж
ڤˣ
Ŀڤ⼸֣᪴ͻȻһЦЦ˺þòŻƽˣˣһΪͱˣû뵽Ȼ˼ǵңǵǸɽӽڤˣ
㣡
Ҳһ˿𾪣ıǰͷߣ
ɽӽһս磬һΪɵʱҲȥȥʮʱ䣬ǿɲӴĻϢƾЩϢͿЩǶ˺εȿµֶΡ
µսûܽ᪴߳׵ˣǶ㵽ƫԶ֮صĵϣϡĶӵĻ£ɽʮ֮꣬ǿǹھ磬ǿ츳ױơ
ҵıȷʵǰͷߣҲһʼа˸ͷ­һϹط߸ͷ­ҵıÿһͷ­ҵʵͻĵɣһս֮Ի䵽زΪһսˣ
䣬ͷͻȻһɫڣӴ忪ʼСգۼͻһߴݵߣһͷͷ޷Զϸһͻᷢÿһͷϸ緢˿Сߣһ˸ʹڵҲĿ֮ŷֵġ
ʲô
仰ˣû뵽һսȻ飬ڤսλ󲻵֮ߴӴ˱˶ΪڤѾһսû뵽ȻĽ
ǸӣϹʧˣϹʱڵʿΪȻûбڵʿ٣Ϲʱڣĵرڶ࣬ƳķȷʵܲǼҲȷʵͷҾǱס۾Ȼһĵ
ڤ˷ŭ˵һͷͷ˲һ£ֻĴ
ô˵ĻǼǼٵˣ
˼ʵ
ȷʵǼٵģë֪õһƬƬһһģһıΪƬϢҶ˹ȥȻͱյɽӽ˵ʵĿģʵͼıڵˮ䡵ϰ
ŭһڤ˼˵òȻαӣȻʲôҽˮ䡵֪ܣһΪ붼ڵˮ䡵ϣˮ䡵Ǻʲô𣿣
ˮ䡵ڵǿڵɣ
Ҳ̾˿εҡҡͷ
ʿʿȣǵҪǿ̫ˣʲô壬ʮֵǿ󣬾һ壬ҲͨʿҪǿĶ࣬˵һǺȣڱ壬һ黹Ĳúʿ⡣
кôҲлʿǿ󣬼ôʹ÷ǵķڳõУһǿ󷨱ȸȣǲɼڵ߲Ƴǿ󷨱һʹͻ߲ʹ棬Ĳ˼顣
ڤҲһıȴǷʱڵһڵڵľں׵˸ߵľ磬ҲûֹͣڵĴϰˮ䡵Ѿ˺ܶ಻˼ͨ͹ЧҲǵǿŵڵˡ
ȸ˾ǽڤ˵ϣҪȡˮ䡵ڤȴҲͬ⣬Ͼ¹Ϊû˻׵ò˾ƣͱڤսȸˡ
һսذ޹⣬ɳǬתյĽɽӽһսг׵ıˣһƬǴΣ֮ء
ˮ䡵ҵڵһˮ䡵ϣԲܽκˣ޳֮ͽȻҪϷˮ䡵Ҫȡëڵ߲⣬ҿëҲǶ˵ͻƴҪңûҪˮ䡵˼ߣ
ڤһһĨâˮ䡵ɢ֮䣬ҲԲҪõûӳ죬֮ǰһԱˮ䡵ҲᣬУҲëбӳȥˣӳȥҲùȥ
̶̵һϯڤ˾չֳһıԣ浽ƵʱǾԲùһᣬҲöԷù
ʿıͱʿпĶ࣬һڸɱгɳȻսҲʿԱģǺܶʿսʽûʲôرɣǱô״̬Ѿϰˡ
ҼȸʱѾָˡ
һ£̾˿
ߣë߲ƵĻָҲкܴôģô츴ԭҲе֣ҵһˮ겻ҳˣʱѾǺܾ֮ˡ
ڤһ
Ҽʱ򣬻ǧ꣬һսѾȥ˺ܾãǶǴѧģѧ󷨣ҲΪ˶ȹٵʱոһ㡣
ἰ飬Ҳ΢΢Ĭһ


965 
ǶȷʵԵһЩٵĴ㵹Ҳʲô󡣡
ڤ˵˵ͷ۷ʱȴѾ䵽ⲽأһЩͬĸо
ȻǺõģֻû뵽ҾȻ
ŭһ뵽飬һ𣬡Ҷɽٵĵطֻм֪û뵽Щ˾ȻңҵľŻ֣ҶɽʧֻʣһƲл˳ٻʱһЩ˸ۣ
䵽ʱҲôģֻѾȥʮ꣬˼Ҳĵˣָһ춼ҪЩ˱̸ף
ᵽ˸飬ڤ˵ƶʱ˥ȥ
ķŭޣʵǰݲöʲôڤ˵֪ˣһ̸ϵȡڤ˵˳ٰǿˮ䡵ߣʵôĲпᣬ۽Ӳܣ
Ѿˣ
ĹâһգգĶڤˣ㲢ûзʹʮȥˣҲûзеĳޣͲһֱЩʿϵռָ֮ơ
ˣʵҵǰɲȥôȥˣҿˮһѾȫĸԭɰ״̬ӣ̸θ𣿡
ڤҡҡͷԳһЦ
ҲһĬǸʵĵطһǻѪǼᶨеģȱҪܹ֧ǿʵȻȥһЩҪ顣
ͰڵҲһŬȻŬղһʲôԲʱ䵽ϡĵطʺϣҲڲͣŬȡָڵΪ
ֻǽڵΪڵĻҲңңڵһ顣
βܷһػ磬꺦ҵЩˣ븶ۣ
һᶨ˵
ڵΪȻ͵ϵ߱ǿ˺ܶ࣬Ҫص磬ΪԶԶģǺ£Ҳóʵ˵С
ڤƽ˵
ҲҪָǿ״ֻ̬ҪܹٴνڣҾа뿪Ѱһʺǣҵһж¿ʼ
ͬԵĺܵ˫Ƶ˵
ʲôа뿪
ɻɫһڤֻȻĵ˵ͷǶɽڵʿһΪѾ֤ĵزֶҲʲôֵ飬ڵǽҲһ׵飬ϡ۽𵤣׼
Ѿ˰취۽𵤵ĻӦⲻ໨ʮʱ䣬ҾͿԾۼ۽𵤵
û˵ʲô취ֻǼ򵥵˵
ԭʿȷʵǲ˼飬һʮֵĽֻһƲл˵Ҳаڶ̶̵ļʮ뿪ȴѾʮ꣬ȴûʲôɫƶô򵥵鶼޷
ڤ˶ʱɬһЦεҡҡͷ
֮ǿҲ繫ϵģԪĽѣҪôأϲʱգͻҷˣӳ˵޷
Ҳ̾˿
ȻһƲл굽˵ҲǶģҿǿȿɲͣǵЩܹģĪʲô
ɻĴһڤЩֵʵ
ǶģҲлƿռӵʱˣҾռΪ£Ҳǣ˲ٵҵʱһٵ׷Ҹϵʩչطһ绯ΪֱӸ
ʵ飬öصĽָٿصģƾֻʣһƲл״̬ôܻԸٵһ硣
ڤȴûл˵ĻϾʵǿ󣬶ɽٵʱ͵ϮûܵɴһƲл˳ʵʲôоҲܹġ
˵ôãǲ֪ѵ䡣
ͣһ£ڤʵ
ûлָʵǰҵıˣڵҽ
ȴû˵ǰ֣Ǹڤڵ֡
ܹ⣬ǽ˵ѣҵѾʮ궼ûˡ
ڤҡҡͷ̾˿Ȼа뿪֪ܷ͵һף
ף
üͷһ
ǽףûѣһԶ֮ˣָƣ֪ҪʲôʱҲȥĻҵƲתпܻ񻯣Ȼ˵ѣȻ͵һʽףȡѵİˡ
˵ͷڤ˸ɴ˵
Ѳ˵˵
Ҳ΢΢һͷ
Ҷ˵ʲôˣӦ֪ĺҾͲ̸ˣҪ׵ڣҲô׵һ£ǵʲôֶΰҪɹҲðһգһŵҩǿ԰ﵽһСæ
ڤ˵
ҩʲôҩ
ЩȤʵ
ϵ԰иļ𵤡
΢΢һЦڤ˵
ϵĪڿЦֵ͵ȼĵҩҪȡҵĳǲ̫ˣ
ûֱӾܾһЦ
ϵЩ͵ȼǣߵȼ߲ǽ֮˵Ȼ˲õĵҩԱصͷȥڸ߼ϣֵҩȴͨĶˣһżÿҪͻƵĵӶһ
ôֵĶȡİڤȴеûٵ˼ˣ֪ǰΪֻһƲл䵽ˣҲõȥֻǵͼϵҲвǡ
һ㣬ڤ˾뻨΢΢Ĵۣһϵȡİ뿪ɣǼֱǲٻˡ
ϧô׾ͱƵˣҲ˶ɽٺڣ۷֮ˡ
ǺǣһļֵȡȡʱԼص㣬˺ʵңһϵҲ߼ۡ
ڤ˵ûЦ˵
ûʲôĻ׵Ͳ̸ˣԸ໨ʮʱ䣬Ҳôãôһʱ䡣
ⲻڣʹûʲôףҲϣּϹʲôͻ


966 ʮ
һʼΪֻ᪴һߣû뵽ȻպյڤˣϹＴʹ˵־أҲǲСĽɫ
οڤ˵ı廹Ϊϡٵ嶼ӵһЩ˼츳ܣڵ״̬ɲ׵ּϹ
ѹȻ飡
һȻӣڤͻȻһЦȻô˵ҲͲˣϵСôó͵ʲôף˵ѿˣԼúҪ͵ѷһܣ
Ŷʲôܣ
һЦԤϵ鲻ô򵥡
֪ѶԵο
ڤûֱ˵תһ⡣
ȻǲܺȵģǶ޷⣬Ѿϡļݽߣʺ
ɻĿһڤˣ˵
ǵѾûΪʲô
ڤѭѭյʵ
Ϊʲôһû
һҡҡͷ
ǰĵ򲢲ӣ෴ޱȾˣȻֻƲ飬ҵ֮ǰѾģˣǸʱ໹ûгڵϡ
ڤ˻˵Ҳںܾ֮䷢ֵһ㣬ڵǺλãһޱȸӵ󷨣ȴûκεƣͷ·𲻴һǴóȻǰȥ̽飬󷨷ˣҲΪǸѾˡ
󷨷ش㣿
ʱһ֪ƶϳˣڤҲ֪¡
ʱ˵֮ҵϻ˺ܶĵҩ˵ҩ֮ǧ꣬ҲָһЩ׼ʹ뿪ѰһӷḻĵطǱ޻ָƣǾҪߵǰһʱ䣬ҷǺܣҲΪܣڵʮ꣬Ҳ뿪
ڤ˵˵ͷֻʶ̽鵽Ǹ󷨵ĸ󷨵ķҪҼÿ죬̶ȥеʶطǸ󷨵ķܻһֱ쵽ҵı壬½ҾͲܺ͵վ˵ˡ
Ȼ˿£ֻǷܾǿֵز
Ǹ󷨵ĿܣҲеЩ𾪡
ǳĿ£֪ǺǺﲼǿ󷨣Ҳ֪ʲôҾкܴĿڱʲôϧȴ͸һ̽
εҡҡͷڤ˼˵ʮ˻ָ⣬еľҶ˼Ǹ󷨵ĹɣҪƽǴ󷨣ԽԽǸôȥˣûʲôƽͷҶһӡƺʲôط
ʲô󷨣
̺ʵܹǺ˸µ󷨣ԲȥȻҲʲô򵥵󷨡
һʱ򣬿һϹŵ伮һΪʮǿ󷨣˵󷨸½ʿԲóǿ󷨣Ͻʹõ󷨣ǿĿ£
ڤЩµ˵һ뵽Ȼȥ̽ôΣյ󷨣ʱܹһֵҵ顣
ʮһǵһ˵󷨡
ȴҡҡͷȷǵһŹ󷨣ܹ󷨵Ϲŵ伮Ҳʲô򵥵ĶʱֳЩµֵ֮ˣǼʶĶʵ̫ˣһʿֻ
½粢ǺܳΪͲ½󷨣ɽ磬ǲܲõ󷨡
һ֪ڤ˲ûо֣Ҫ֪žЩ˼飬ϾǱϹŵ伮ѾǧŵõĶһɽŻֵ󷨣ȴͻȻ½磬һǵǺ֮ϣ̫ɵ㣬һʮоһЩ
ʲô
ʵȴûԵ̫ҲûʲôȤӡ
ô꣬ʲôãʲôãͷֵһˣͼıʵĶҪĴ̫ˣһҲûðչΣǼðգҪֳ޵ĶȡԶ̬֮ȡ
ԭһ˻ϡԭһžżǣ
ڤһ˵
żǣ
ǡô¶һ˿ȵɫȴ΢΢һ̾һȻûùڤˡ
Ҳȷʵˣô̵ʱ䣬Ѿڶ֤ݣԼָ˵ĻԻͣôѾʮڤô֪ܲأ
ͨһ㣬Ҳûôˣ֪飬Ҳûʲôõİ취Ͼ󷨲ǿԺĴڣǻָʵûа취󷨶˵飬ְ״̬ˡ
һƶ޷ܣһ٣һỹûڵʿˣҪͼıʮĶֱǳ룬Ҳûӡ
ȷʵһžżǣŨȥ˿˿Ƶͻ֮УǿΪһжΪǺеǸʮ󱻸ıˡ
ڤЩ˷ܵ˵ʮ󣬽ǵǿеľ£ǺڲеʮŲ˽ȥѾ﷢˺ܶǿŲߵļµֻһЩϸˣЩ˵ûô
ôһ˵Ļʱ˹Щ˵£˴ʵ龧ǴˣԭŲ֮ĲϸЩȻ벻ڤ˵ķۡ
ԭˣŲˣȻҲʧˣʮȷʵǲ˼飬ȻܹӴסû˿й¶˵ֶȷʵǿԲ²ġ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ۼӴʲôʱȥ˾ã˵󷨵λѾʲô⣬ȻطŲʡ
ڤ˼˵ܻĶôٻ磬Ҫ˵ˣǷо޴ϣ
ʮҪõĶǾǻָȫʢʱڵΪ֮ܲƳ󷨶Ǹ⣬ھͿǲ̫ңԶһЩ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ҫ̾õİֿʮãʵֻǾˮµĶ
ڿʵʱһ󱭿ˮҲԶԶȲһˮãΪˮʣˮȴֻܿܺȡ


967 Э
ʮȷʵǷǳ˲󷨣˵󷨼ʹɽ綼Ƕ֮һΪóֹУʵóĵط
ڤ˶һ˵ϣܹ֣Ͼ۷徳ʿʵ֮ǿѾö˵ˣ䵽أǳжɽһ졣
֪Ϊʲôڤ˾ôᶫɽȻĵ·ʮֵļգԸһܿͻᵽûʲôɣֱ顣
һó󷨣ǿ׳ܵģ֪óķǶôĿ£һȥ¾ҲûгĻˡ
˼һҡҡͷûлָ۷徳ʵ֮ǰ뿼Щ飬һлȽΪ
İɣҲھҪ͵̽Ǹʮ󣬷طҲֻ֪»뿪ȻָƺʵΪҿȰѻָڣ֮ӦҲԼĴ㣬ҾͲˣֻҪѰæ뿪һĵطˡ
ڤ΢΢һЦ
棬㲻귽Ĺ𣿡
ֵĿڤʵ
֮Ȳѵ飬ҲĹֻΪ̺֮һƾ֮ˣ˭ϡһЩʯˣҲû취ȶסôꡣ
ڤҡҡͷε̾˿
ԭˣ֪ɻжʯڵĹ𵤻֮ԶҪմľ𵤣㹻ʯҽ׵ҲӿһЩ
˵ͷʵ
⣬˵ʯϻòʲôˣôҵЯʯѾĴˣҵжʮһ鼫Ʒʯóһ󷨣ҵЩʯһҲܳ룬ҵƾͻӿ񻯡
ڤ¶ɫ
ˣҴ洢㹻𵤣Ҫһʱ䡣
ڤ˵˼Ҳֻܷˡ
ڤǱ߿ṩһЩʯĻܿͿԽʯڵľٵΪڤһڵϴʮ꣬ͽĺܶ൤ҩҩĶĴˣûʲôõĶһЩǷҲ޷ãھһѷ
ڤ֮ԸҸжʮһƷʯɵ󷨣ǳ׼ڸûƿ󷨣ԲŻĵ˵ΪƷЩϹ£ֻѳɹİռڿ͹ʵϣѾ̫׵ű˵ƷԸˡ
ҵһ취ȻǺʵãӦÿһʱ䡣
΢˼һڤ˵
ʲô
ʵ
Щ֮˺ܶʵЩѾûκεʯֻһЩͨ龧ѣЩ龧Ҳ̺һЩԳһ¡
ڤ˵ʱҰ̽һ飬Ҳ֪ٿַȥ￴ʱȥôã˵ЩҲλƣҾͲ̫ˡ
˵֮ڤ˿һܣһӣ滭˵İͼһЩǣֽƮɵС
λҶעˣҼĶǺܾǰĵͼڵͼʲôӣ΢оһ£ҳЩλӦòǺѵ顣
֮ڤ˼˵ϵһ͸㣬ϣͻƽڵľ磬ָһЩٴȥ¾ûʲôϣˡ
Ҳãʿ֮֯ͲҪˣôˣͻƽڲỨ̫õʱ䣬ʮ꣬ʮңʱ˵Ӧûʲô̫Ӱ졣
˵ͷ
ʮʱȷʵûʲôҵλãԺʲô仯ֱӵң־ٵʱҲ쵽ˣϣ´ټѵʱ򣬵Ѿ˳ͻ˽ڡ
ڤ΢΢һЦͻȻһɫĻ棬žôƾʧ˿С
һ˾Ĵһ΢΢˿һСʱڷ飬ҲеЩ΢΢ѣΣû뵽᪴ߵľˣȻǵɽӽһսڤˣʧʮ꣬ȻûǱڵѷ֮ϣŬҪָơ
ܹλͬˣһƻָ֮ʵȻһǸʱĿ籩꣬ýֺͷҲˡ
ڤҲ֪˵Ǹżǣһ֪ǺⲼʮ󣬲Ҳ֪ڤ˿϶кܶϢûиҲܽе鶼һԵĸ߱ˣɽڴŵĶҲ֪ʲô򵥵Ķ
ʮ󡭡
˼һ֮ʱ׵Ժ뿪˵㣬ҵƺǧҶܿ
ôû˰ɣ
ʱ䵢ôãҲЩżˣûжԸ˻ѹôʱ䣬һ̾˹ĵʵ
İɣһ¶ûС
΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
ʲô飿Ҹеڵڲϵţ޷ơ
ûʲô飬ǧҶܿǳ£üͷʵ
᪴ѾɱˣǴӰ᪴ʼˣֻڱܱڣʧ
ԺһתȻôһ£ǰ᪴߻ȥ֮ѾջЩ˵֮Щ˲ŻеڵţǧҶܿΪҲͨߵĥ£Ҳõ˰᪴ߵ֮ⲿ֮Ҳջˡ
ôܣĪǸղϮ˵УȻа᪴ڣ
ǧҶܿȵĿʵ
Ȼˣ᪴ߵҪԶĳΪһˣԼҲû֪ˡ
ҡҡͷղһλʿٻ˰᪴ߵ־٣ϣҳûնɱǸ־Ҳð᪴ʧȥ꣬ڶˣԺ󲻻֮ɵΣˡ
ԭ벻᪴߾Ȼḽ˵ϣҲӦɣһֱƱ˵֮ǰ֮ϡ
֪ʵǧҶܿһ
ʵΣκˣЩ֪Ҳʲô粻ǣƽ޹ʵĵʲô
һҲûʲôջ෴ջͦģڤ֮ǰ׼龧ȽΪ˵ȴֱӵõпλá


968 ع
õЩλûϾЩλڤ˵ļУǶʮǰĵʱ½λúڸһλö˱仯Ҫ¶Щλýȷϣܹ֪׼ȷλ
鲻ҲǺѣֻҪöģһµıǨͿЩڵλãҪһѣҲỨ̫õʱ䡣
˴ձִУڰ᪴ߵԲĸһ䣬׽ڵʱҲõʲôӻˣĿǰڤӦòʧȥǵȥΨһϣ˵Ҳ߱ʵ
ǧҶܿƶȥϢ֮Ҳ뿪˹˴ͶǻغϣҽǸͼø˶õһʮǰ׼ȷͼȻܸȤ̾ܵһо
֯ǱߣҲȥ֪ͨһ֪Ѿ˰᪴ߵ飬ԺҲõĶʿ֯ˣûв´ĻʿӦԶٳˣΪڤǲǻ뿪ġ
һϵܿ;ɱ͵УҩʮֵĴûκε覴ã˵ҲǴɣڤּʿϣȻϵĵ͵ȼҩҲһѵõˡ
Ҫ֪Դӽ˷֮ϾҲûе͵ȼĵҩˣ˵ҩĵȼԽԽã͵ȼĵҩûʲôãҪƵĻʱһѳûЯıҪ
ʱϵǷǳõģڤĻһţһƿʮϵ
ԲСƿվɽ֮ϣƵİɽǹһ˿΢Ц
ϵҲܿнʱֻҪһôЩϸ龧ռȻҲҪıչˣǸʱͻƵʱǲٳˡ
һ飬뿪ɽۣ˶ҵƣ˫̶֮ҲʹŶ뿪ձٶȷ˻ġ
ջصû죬һҵϢʹˣҼħ̸ΧƴͻΧȻ˳ȴҲѾˣϢпҲʣһˣȫľǿš
õϢ̸ϵ˼ң˷ڴһϢļʱûбˣֻмһ˾ڴżѡ
Сֵܣˡ
˿΢΢ƲͷӰʱЦ˵
˵ˣ̾͸˹Ρ
˵ͷݹȥһο˴ߣ漧
ѣҲϵ߰˰ˣصĵط࣬ҪĶжˣԷһλʹýĸ֣ûļֱ˺ڵĶ
ˣˣԼ˵ĺΧȻ֮³ôĿҪʮ꣬Ҳ䵽³
ҡͷһЦ
үӣúϢðϰɣҽǳġ
æĸ˸ؿڣҪƵ˵
İɣϣȻһ㣬ҲβãֻҪ໨һʱѡ
ļֱ΢΢һЦ
ҺСֵܲҪˣβˣǲҪ˷ˣƺΣǱʵԷһ֮󣬼һҪСֵܶӦһȻʳԣκʱ̫̣ûеܶһĳ̶ȡ
΢΢ҡҡͷȰĿż˵ϣ̳λõѡҲǼһˣ뵽쾳Ҫ츳ʣҲǺܹؼһͲǷȱ
ϲ̫ۣңһۼ쾳һ죬ΪƣоԵİա
΢΢һЦóһһ̱ʯһĵҩڹߵѤĿĹʡ
ǣ
һʱûӦΪóһèʯ֮Ķ
ǹԪһ˵Ĵɣ
Ц˵һԪ˼ϵ
һ˵ų̱ʯĶȻǹԪæõǰϸĶһƷĹԪȴûκεĵҩڱҲŲʲôζֻгȥܸо̺Ӵҩ
ǹԪֻ˵ĵҩ֣ȴǲ֪ҩǺģСּЦˡ
ЩɻһЦ
ȷʵٰĹԪǰҺʥҩŷϸһƳģȶסڵƣȻҵĴطܿͿԽѵͶϿľӲϣʱֻҪһʱˡ
˵ͷӹǿŹԪɷ˵˼
ҩڼһů˳żĺӿ֮ڣӴҩ˲ͻ˿һصӼɢ˳Ũ֮Ϣǳ䣬ԪҩЧɴ˿ɼһߡ
ĵҩǴ˵еʥҩ
ֻùԪˣŻ̵ָожô
ǲǿҩЧڵƣҲתµõϣоֻƵ˲Ż̵ᵽ֮׵ظоֻ᲻Դ
ڹԪҩЧʱҲó˵룬֮ͨ󣬶ԴطĲٿѾﵽ۷壬еطҲѾɣƾŸǿʶѾҪϵĸֱӾͿԲٿصơ
ͷ΢΢һڰ̾͸ֱ˼ȫʮһ̴޳ľ˼Ͽգú֮һ̾ͻΪѤʵɫ磬ڼϲϵش
˳ŵ벻ϵ뼧֮ڣΪ˸õƼڵƣԶ˶תƵԣڼա
ʵ֮ʩչطҲǴȵصƣϹԪҩЧƣֻǲСʱĹȫƾѾȬ߳ϣʣµһЩƾҪһʱȴ׵Ļָˡ
֮ǰֻһСʱʱ䣬ƾѾ˷츲صı仯ۼ֤һеķǼһоȻġ
ǼȻмΪ᲻ãҲ֮أǳŲ˶ˣһֱڼߣΪһʱྡһЩТϾԺĻҲˡ
ʵ˵ĲпᣬѾҪʧȥ׼ˣǾ£Ȼ׾ٵľתƣƺ˼ڵƣֱ̫˼ˣ


969 һЧ
ƼѾȬļɫҲ࣬ڵϢǱȶ೤ûлָ۷״̬ûĲ
ͷ󻼣ȻҲ˵ЦһԽȥüɻ֮ɫԽأ·ʲô벻ͨһ㡣
ôˣϣʲô⣿
ע⵽˼飬Цʵ
С֣ĹҸоϢԽԽˣʹǽǰҲӦϢһʼһΪƻûлָ¸оЩʧ׼û뵽Ҿ۾֮£ɸоϢЩɻ󡣡
˵ͷ˵롣
ԭ£ҵĹȴѾɹͻ쾳뵽ͨľ֮С
΢΢һЦƵ˵·ⲻֻһ΢С°ˡ
仰䵽˼ͼĶУȴһף˶Щ㶣ĺð춼ز
ʮͷ֣ͨκһϢһӦ϶𾪣ڶӦǴϢ˿϶ǷˣûۼĻû˻ʵ
˵һʮͷ쾳ߣ˽ܵĻôһʮͷ֣ͨεҲˣϾͨ쾳֮ľʵ̫ңԶˣԶһ޷Խ
ͨͨ
ð֮󣬼Ϊпĵ߶䣬ɬҡͷһЦһ˺еľֻΪ̤磬ǾһֱоһĤңҲ粻磬ҲǬŲƣ϶תƴǿѧȴṳ̂Ǹ磬
Щɺӣæס˼֣峺˿˿Ĺġ
ɵѾͷû£ֻЩпˡ
С֣ҡͷһЦֻͻȻС;ѾͨһʱЩζӳ£֪ģܻʧʱ˭Сָ˵Ĵʵ̫ˣ
츳ʲǿԱģҪϢ϶ܶΪǺ˵˵ˡ
΢΢һЦȫǽԺͷ·ԼҲͨһ㣬ͺܾǰѾ϶ԼˣҲⱲΨһˣȻһپ١һˡ
ͨû磬޷жôǿ󣬲ӸղСָȷʵҪ쾳ǿ̫ˣͬն
Ϊп˵֪Сܷһͨ飬磬ϷǷǳĺ棬Ҳǳ
ȻȻ޻˵
Цŵ˵ͷ󽫽ͨһЩ˵˳˵ʲôǶЩ˵ȴһľ磬˿һΪ˽磬һѸߴʤĸо
ϧڹŴִ֣֣ܹͨ߶ǷëǰĴڣһ˱˵Ǵˣܷ쾳Ǹ⣬ܹ֮ѾԳΪһʵ˵õĸˡ
ָͨ򣬼ǽһ۾۶ųˣһûĸͨԸеĸ˵ⲻֻǱ⣬Ҳ漰˷档
ȴǲЩܶλͨĸ֣ٺòˣħ֮һսֶգҲܹƽ
һģ˵˴ʱ䣬ܿɫͺֱ˵˵ʱ򣬼һδģֹͣ˴ھ֮̾˳˼Ȼ˼ʲô⡣
żʹ˸ɫ뿪˷䣬ĵĴ˷ţˣ˵һ鴫ڣܴʲôӶһͻƽͨľ磬ⶼ˵׼顣
Ͼ쾳֮УѾվ۷ľ磬ǽҵĶת¯ĵزһǬŲҲͬľأһӾ޴ĹĳɾͱѾʮ֮ߣѾ㹻֮ͨˡ
ֻڻǷȱһ˿ԵԼΪֹҲû֮ܽͨУһֱ쾳۷徳硣
ͻƶڼ˵һĻԵΪϣõ౦ľ͸Щû˻׵ĴڣʦͽܣҲҪܳʱŻѡڡ
ҵıԺУͼڻ԰ͤŲ衣
лл㡣
ˮ֮󣬼һ˱ǵĲˮ˵
֮䣬Щ
΢΢һЦˮһ̵Ĳˮֹʹĳ˵ǺһڿˮˣֱӺȥᣬҲþôͦųѡ
̶̵ļ֣ȴüһů֪Уʼһϯ֮أΪı䡣
Ѿ׵ͨʲô㣿
һ裬ʵ
Ϊ֮У׵ͨѾߵľͷˣôҲʵϸߵľˣǰЩǰͨʱѾϰʮͷˣЩˣܶ˶ǰ꿪Žס
ǸʱЩֻͨ϶ѾԼãԼŴˣڳҲͿˣѡ˱ޣúõĲͨеһĵᣬΪ֮һЩõĶ
ЩǶЩһֶͨԣЩˣϾŶʮͷھͱޣһɽˮĵطĲͨİ
ʮͣõĽ׶ΣҲŸոտʼĽ׶ΣֻͣѾ˱۷ġ
Ȼһжֻڱ˵УԼ㲻ʲôֻΪ½߹һ·̰ˡ
ٶȻصڣҲһ̵ѣԶԶ㲻Ͻһ֮ͻ뿪򣬽ӹҲΣյС
ȻǱȱȽǣǱҲΣ࣬ﵽǿߣʱʱ̶̿ɱ֮ͬҲսʿɱ̫ͳˡ
ڼ⣬˼һ֮ŻĿˡ
һЩܣڻû˵ʱ򣬵ʱˣһȫ㣬˵Ҳһ̫ģ˵ԶԶյ㣬Ҫߵ·кܳܳһξ롣
ḧһ¼⻬գ΢΢һЦ
ţȻҲ֪ʲô飬ԼҲһЩоڱ˵ҲѾյˣǶ˵ⲻֻ;һվѡ
ʱһЦ


970 
ߵŮ֮У츳õģҲ̤ŮˣļŮҪ̤ľ磬ҪһѰһЩĵرſҾ磬ɾҲ̫ߣ̫ܵˡ
ԺŮȥ⣬ʱ㿼ǣȵ֮ٿҪô顣
Ѿ׼Ҫ뿪һǰΪ츳ȽϺãΪصԣҲҪѰһ𰸡
ڼҴһ֮󷵻˼У⼸һֱڲͣģĻǨԼ˶ⲻоһŵķ򣬶ҳ˶ȷλúͱ仯λȻСǺ΢ģȷ׼ȷķλôʹҹȥҲֻˮһա
һµʱڣһֱڼУħ֮սȻң˫ûгսʤĸָ֣ͨһûг֣ҲóȻսֹ̬ļҲҪøϸļƻϾЩķֻ֪ͨš
ڼҵʱÿ춼ָżŮҲȥָơҦ˵ȼŮҦѾҪ쾳İٶķɿ졣
ͨܣʱĻǱȽܣû̫֪Ѿ֪ҲǱսͣû©˿ķ
һ죬ƴڼúõһʱ򣬵绰ʱ˵ʾΪ½
ѵǱ߳ʲôˣ
ֻһۣʼ磬˵绰½ϸ磬ʲôˣ
ϵܣп𣿾Ǳ߳飬ֹ߽ȥ̬ͦصġ
ͨ˵绰½̿ٵ˵
Ǳߣ
üͷһ壬Ǳŵܲλãƣƽʱȥûʲô飬ʵ鶼Ѿڰﱻˡ
ĸѾ˺ܶμȫصսǱߴͻȻ˽ʣһʱЩӦҵңϣ취ʵҲﲻʲôæֻϵæˡ
½󵹿ˮ
УҾֱӹȥ
˵ͷҶ˵绰΢΢һЦƾʲô仯ˣħ̵ЩֶεǲСȻ׵ľ˾ļ壬Щıɶ򵥣Ҫǳӣħ̻ѵĴҲᰡ
ǱߵȦһ˺ȥǿΧһҪ뾩ܿͱеһżҲ뾩չһ£һЩѣϧǱߵĵֿ̫ǿˣԵڶûʲôΪ
ҲεһЦ
ͣԹ֮뿪ˣ½Ǳ߼ȻѾҵ˵̬ǱȽصģҲ뵢̫õʱ䡣
ڴפصʱֵѾ½ڰ칫ҵˣ½ǲϵⲽһӡ
ϵܣˣ
ʩʩȻ˽½̾ͷ
ϸ磬ư㼱ѵ˸ھıɣ
Цźֵ˸к
ξ㲻ıҲǲΣѾһߵļħھȦѾҳһţܶС嶼ܵвٲ飬¾ȦҪһĶҡ
½̾˿һƨɳ˵
ңȻħ֮У
üͷһɻʵھĴж㲻ϣڼȻħ̣Ĵ岻˳ĿԽǲ¹ĵλΪʲôĴ岻֣
ڣ
½ҡҡͷһֱΪĵ壬ôĴһֱڽֹȻûкͽҷǰｭʵѾǷǳĲˬˣڽŵħ̣ĴȻûг֣˵ⲻˣ϶ʲôǣĴ壡
Īڲ⣿
һ˼²
пܣĴҲһ飬ֻΪƽ˾棬Գһ湲ͬ壬һˣҼȻʱ˵Ѿ㹻İգȻͻȻģľ֣ش֮뽭Ҳ᲻µĵط
½ĵͷĴ尲ޣϾＸĴ徭ӪһȦӣǵ˺ѽ߲֮УּϵѸ㶨ģһҪϵܰæǱ߾ʲô飬˳ѽҵ⴦һ
û⣬ҾһˣǱߵʲôè壬ѡŸִ뿪ʱôһϷ˵ҲǾϸļƻҵĵ϶һľϲ
һЦɴĴӦ
֮ͨΪϵߣҲԽǿûʲôԵƣ־Ͷĸо˲ľİ·һеⶼӭж⡣
һ֮ؼʰһЩ뿪˶˷ķɻ͵˾ڣûֱȥ˽ңϵ÷÷
ͻȻã÷÷ԵЩ⣬ͦ˵ģϾϴʱദҲǺ죬Դľλ֮÷÷Կų
ϴμ÷÷ʱһŮһܣǿЭܳƵֽһӵµ·϶ܳһʱ١
ôͻȻˣ˵Ǳߺħ̷濪սĸǶ÷뿪
һ߿÷÷һЦʵ
߳˵⣬ͦĸȥǱ֧Ԯս˾߷ʵĿ飬Ҿ͹һ⡣
΢΢Ƴһ÷÷赭д˵
ܳʲô⣬ǵǾӪĸٹ̣׳ġ
÷÷Ц
ô˵Ҫ뾩Ȧˣ׼ЩѣôûԸң
˵ͷЦʵ
ңߣƾҲھʲôˣĴô⣬Ͼǵĵ̣һսʧԼҪһƵİ취⡣
ҡҡͷ÷÷м˵
ҵõϢɲĴڲǲǳʲô⣬ΪһֱϽͷѾʱˣǻ֣ɾе˵ȥˡ
ûôúƣ÷÷Ȼ˵˵˼ǻģҲֻܺһ±ˣҪɲһ򵥵顣
֨ѽһ̶̥ڴڸʻһûжֻǺĿ÷÷۲ϵϸ΢仯ҪпһЩ߳


971 
ͻʻ÷÷ĬһȻûϵԾߵȻҲô˽⡣
ĬĬϨ֮÷÷̾˿
ҲµûȷʵĴ߳顣
÷÷ϣǿǸӣѾµʵ顣
˵Ĳȷʵ߳⣬ڶԸңѾЩˣǴѳɣؼĻĴǵˣǿĹѾͽҽͬˡ
ỵ֮̂÷÷˵
ңôܣҼǵҹҲôЩһֱȻ⣬ֻǿŲĴ֮һҪǵۼʵĻʵ໹еԶġ
ɻʵ
һʱ˵ҵ飬ȻĴ֮һǺȴһǲȨƣֻ屾ʵһ㣬ڸȴڶ࣬Ϊһ㣬ôҲλĴ֮һ
ھĹңȻͽˣұʵͲֻΪһֱܵ⼸żһֱΪԼڵõ˹ҵİǿ֧ţټϱǿʵһֱ绢˫ʵõʵߡ
壬żҡϹټҡ÷ҿ϶Ѿļ٣ѾԿҺ͹ҵˣʱڧľҪҺ͹γˡ
ҵĹ¦żҵĹƣҵĽ룬׷÷÷һʱ䣬뻹ڱȽϳˣû뵽һתۼ䣬͹¦Ѿߵ˶Ӫȥˣ֪ʲôΡ
ͻȻûԭġ
÷÷̾˿ҡҡͷһι֮ͻȻ뿪ĴӪתͽҺΪҵĵһֹˣѾͨĸ֣ҵ˶ΨǴӣһ͸ı˹ҵӪֱӺͽҴЭ飬û֪һ塣
𣬾ȻѾ׵ͨˣҵҵһ֣ôʱͻȻ֣˵Ѿζ
ЩĿ÷÷
Ҳ֪ôʱͻȻʵѾͨĸ֣ڸûĶ֣ڹվ˽һߣҲȻʵҪȽҺ͹Ҫǿ󣬵ȴס֣ƾͽ
ڹ飬÷÷ȻҲ֪ôһ£ֻεҡҡͷ
滹飬ͨ˵Ӧúħ̵ۣͬһȻҪҺͽҺȫ浹תħһߣ³
һ˵ȥ÷Ұɣҵ÷үӣǱûʲôϢߴ󷽵̬϶ңûа취ĻҲֻԳˡ
㣿
÷÷Ŀһۣҿйͨĸ򣬾嶼û취Ȼ˵ҪԳ֣Īа취ܶԸ֣
ʱȱˣȼ÷үӣȻͻˡ
ҡͷһЦϲ˵һ˼ƺڿʲô⡣
Ը˵÷÷Ҳûжʲô·ﳵٵĳ÷Ҹ˻ȥ
ʱյ÷ңһ÷ҿ˺ܴı仯÷ҵĴׯ԰ˣׯ԰Ǹׯ԰ׯ԰գǰʱ÷˻ˣһڶɢţԶ΢Ц
˵÷ҵǿΪ÷ҵӶ˶еԺ֪÷ھӰжôľ޴
֮ͷׯ԰һֳƵ£ЦҲЩӶ˵ʧȥˣ÷ҵĵϵ˸ȥҴң·ʲôҪһ
˳֮÷÷Ĵ£˾ֱȥׯ԰ĺ÷үȥˣҲ˷ʲôʱ䣬Ȼ⣬ȻǾҵԴͷȻٵĽΪá
С㣬үڻͣʱӼ
÷ׯ԰ĺһƬ֣ƽʱ÷үӾǴﾲһĻм֡
÷֮Եλھٹ̣÷ͬʱӵλ쾳ĸǷֲģһλ÷ҵү÷ˣһλ÷˵Ѽ֣ûúͽܣ¼ҹһҲûʲôطҪȥú÷Ī֮Ծͳפ÷ҡ
˵壬÷ھνˮǴߣЩȷʵ˲ټӰҲȥˡ
÷÷˵÷ˣҪʿ𾿾ôһ£ȴ⿴ص÷÷үӽĻǴСҲ
үڼ˭
÷÷üͷһ壬ֱʵ
ڽӼżҺϹټҵˣ˵Ҫ˱
ص÷̻ص
ҲҪ飬̽ȥ㱨үӣ˵ãھҪ
÷÷˵ͷֱ˵˵
⣬ⲻ̫ðɣС㣿
ЩΪѵ˵
ûϵȥ˵ʲôҶš
÷÷˰֣λص˸Ͻǰȥ
ǺðɣСԵһȥ㱨
ûа취һ÷ҵүӣһ÷ҵĴС㣬˵ǳǿȻʲô嶷Ǽмͨˣ˭ﲻ
аһп࣬λת˽ȥһʧֵУ㻨ӵĲŽ˳
ү˵ھͽȥ
һλŵ˵
߰ɣ
÷÷˵ͷ߽֡
һƬɫ˳һϵ΢İȥΧʮֵ˿ֵ
˳ͷ׵ʯ·һ·ȥԼһӵʱ䣬͵һ®ǰʱѾԼ®˵˵ʮֶ죬ϴ÷˵
÷÷ɡ
÷˵Żжһ£ʹ棬÷÷˶ʱӿ˽Ųһ߽˲®
®Ĳúܼ򵥣ֻκŴʱ®ĸˣȫ쾳ĸ֣÷˺ͼ⣬λȻǹżҺϹټҵ쾳ˡ
СˣϡͣϡͰ
÷˶ʱЦһվк¡
֣֮ǰҲһ𣬿ʱȻҲ֪ţϾһֳĶҲСˡ
үӣģҳȥš
÷÷ǺʶȤĺͼλк֮ת뿪˲®̸ȻԲġ
ΪĴ顣
֮󣬿żɽָ⡣


972 
ֱӣ÷үӵû̫ľ֮⣬Ҳоȣȴûбֳ÷÷ֻһƤҪ¹ؼ˵ش飬̾ͻԭα¶չֳ̬
СֹȻǿ˿ϷϲԸŤŤˣ˾ͽ
һЦ÷үۺ룬ָڶλ˵λǹżҵ쾳ֹλϹټҵ쾳ϹҶĸͷҲΪ˽Һ͹ҵ飬֪СǴӺεõϢ
ȻǴӱǱߵõϢ̫ȥԮǱںħ̵սѾ˰Ȼ״̬û뵽Ȼͻʣ󷽳⣬Щ߲Ȼסˣⲻ򶫺ֲ֧ԮˣҾ͵
ҡͷһЦЩɻĿ÷ʵڳҲ÷÷˵һЩҵĹôһ£ôͻȻͻص˾һùҺͽҽˣһԸ壿
𣬰ε鶼𣬴Ӽ°мںϰȷʵʵǾһˣھû˵֮뿪˾֪ȥȥˣѾܾöûлˣǻΪѾ棬ϾӿǺǵģôصĸ֡
÷ҡҡͷüͷ˵ǰʱ䣬ǵõϢǹľͻص˾ֻǵߣû֪ѣвûˣԶڼڵҲǺֻ֪ǹµùҺͽҽˡ
ҺѰȥǵˣ
һʵ
ûھԲ֪ҵ飬ȫһûִͳļҴҵ˺ܶӶ˺ͱ֮ˣȫԸ㣬Ҳٺ򽻵ڸһҲûУȥǲܵģҵˣҲܿʧܸա
ͬҡͷ˵
ԭô˵ĻĵʵǿУĴһԱʵûʲôֻǼǿѣ԰ɣ
˵ͷ
Ĵֻһţž̵ļֻңҶЩȨĶûȤǶһȺͽֻʵȤ
ϹҶҲͷ˵
֪һֱΪĴ岢еĵ壬Ϸ־̣ʵǺ֮ìܣԭ²ûʲôϵΪ֦ͬԽҲһֱûеõʲôᣬڵõ˹ҵİҵʵ̾ͿԺƽƽˣ֮ǰǾûзʲôߣ
ʵ
ǱߵҲһֱеĹעţεı仯̫ͻȻҲûκε׼Ҳ֪һֱڼǣԿıܹǰа˺ܶ飬ֻһǲףôͽϵϵģ˵ὭҲŶԡ
÷һɻ󲻽ӡ
ھֵ⣬ôǹεʱ򣬾ѾͽϵûгѾõĸ֣
Ѱ˼һʵ
УǾǽ룬꽭Ҳ𾩶ΪйѹͷϣԽԵСһЩʵҲǷǳǿ󣬽ҸҺᾩĵֻ̣ű˵ʵȻЩû֣ƲĻҲѾ쾳۷ľ硣
÷˵
뵱ʵͱͬҪǿһһսһԶͬʱս˰ɽ˫׹Ԫͬμɽֶûڽֵ˺ô
ҲһԲһ
ɽ˫
֣ʱԵЩ⡣
ȴǱˣΪʶɽ˫˭ϹҶʱָһ
ҵǲʶɽ˫ֻɽ˫û취ڳ˷ˣ׹ԪͬҵУμɽǱܣѾ˱Ѷ
˰֣Ϊ˵
˻һ÷˴оȣû뵽ɽ˫Ȼˣ˵ʵɲһʱ绢ȻһУһܡ
쾳ܲʲô£ǵȴǱȽ٣Ϊ쾳֮󣬱ӣ򲻹ˣҲкܴܵģ˫ʵ̫޴Żᵼ·ŵ
һ֮սɽ˫Ԫͬͬʱܺμɽ˵ʵҪԶ֮ϣǶȻܳս
ͣȻôǿʵǷǳ˲һˡ
ѹɽ˫ϢˣԭѾСֵУΪֳһ󺦣ΪʵǿһֱһҪǻ治Ǽ򵥵飬֪ɽ˫ײУ
÷˺ǺһЦ
Ҳûʲôģϳɼҵļˣ֪ɼҵļ嶼ħ̵ջһʱҲЩ겻ѡ
Ҳɽ˫идһ١
ĵ˵ͷ˵
뵱ܹսɽ˫츳ȷʵڹȥô꣬쾳۷徳ҲΪʵӦûԺ͹ȹ°ϵϣ³ͬĸ⣬ûʲôܹɣ
ʵ
ֻʵ˻΢Щɫʵˣͬһĸ֣Ҳǰһһмһ˵ӡ
÷˵ڹҺͽҽˣɵҲǽ͹ˣ˿û¾ˣֻˣʵȨҲǿΪȫȨˡ
룬𣬿Ĺؼ˵ˣֻҪǸ״ܹˣֻҪ˲ִԲ򣬽Һ͹ȻҲͲΪ
һ˵ͷ
ؼ˵ϣһҲ֪һʵǳǿ󣬽뻹ãĸ쾳֣еļս׵˾Ͳ˵ˣʵǷȱһЩǼѾȵѹƽ룬ǹûа취ˣ쾳ʱʵͷǳľˣѾնɱ쾳ĸ֣ڽ׵ͨʵһӵĿ£
һǵ飬˭֪Ҫһλֵͨʱɫÿȥοǵľ绹˼ҵһ
ͨĹʵѾǿԱˣǵƵĴٷ¹Ѿҵǵͷϣȵˡ
ϹҶҲ̾˿
õģˡ
΢΢һЦ˵


973 
Ļһ㶣÷ͻȻЦ
ǱҪֹͨˣѾֻͨͬ˲ſ⣬˵Ҫǿֲͨѹƹ𡣡
÷˼ΪмƻͰţڹҺͽ֣Ҳħ̵֧ţ²ô׾ѹģ֪һһλǰ
Щǰֶڱսħ̵ķˣʱڲܾߵ飬ħսϷתƵļ󣬱ǱҲֲ㣬ҪһԿħ̵Ĺ
ҡҡͷ
Ǻãûͨĸֺ͹񿹺⣬ҪԸĸּûпܵ顣
üͷʱ
ǰûͬĸǣƹǿǺѶԽҺ͹֡
ϹҶҲͬһΡ
λò̫ģѾ˵ˣ𽻸ҾˣֻҪע⽭ҷ飬ǽĶǱһḺ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
С֣֣ͨʵɲ⣬Ȼͽ쾳ʵҲǿ󣬵ǹϾѾͨĸ֣һ磬ʵȫûпɱԣǧ򲻿Գ嶯
÷˵ǵ˵ʢҪ͹һϸ£ĸ٣ûʲô³˳ɾ͵ıϾ˻ӦСһЩֿ缶ս
ͨ쾳֮Ĳ࣬к쾳۷ˣҲֵͨĶ֣֮ʵȷʵǳ֮Ѿᡣ
Ц˵
ͶˣӱǰӦ˽֮Ĳ࣬ǲҪðյĺã쾳ͨˣǲʤģӳ춼ǼΪˡ
÷ͷ
÷ϣʹˡ
ͻȻתͷһЦ
ˣ
÷һͷˮӣԼˣҲһѽӡ
ҿɲǴӱǰǱߵõľ飬ᡣ
Цҡҡͷ˵
Լģ
÷һʱ仹ûӦ˵ʲô˼ȵһ̻عʱ򣬶ʱһվһţʼ΢΢С֣㣬Ѿͨ
˻һֵҲһĿϢʵ̫ˣʮ쾳߻ܹܣϾ쾳֮Ҳкܶǵõǰ˹ඥ书ˣܶ˶ΪҲˡ
˵ʮ;ͽͨǾȫˣͨҪĲǳҪżߵĸͼп֮ܽͨУܹˣÿһһƾʵͿȺۡ
ڶʮѾﵽ磬Ǳһ޷ﵽľ磡
ǰЩʱѾ֮ͨУ̵ᵽ֮Ĳ֪࣬׵֮ͨҲŻ˵𽻸Ϊ֪쾳߶֣ͨûʲôʤġ
˵ͷһɲǺǿϢڻͷ˳Ϣǿ󣬵ǸܵϢȴɫ
ֵͨϢ쾳ֵϢǽȻͬģ֮Ϣ̺̫ľͰ壬쾳߿Ժ׵ķֱϢĸо
ͨ
÷˼ЩˣͨϢ̫ˣѾֹˮҲܲϢĴ̼
Ȼ֪ʲôʱ׵ͨʵΣҲͨĻеģһеĻҪҲûܹңǾͲõˣǱ߾ͽǴˡ
˵ڽѱħ̵飬ҪһܷŹЩͨˣֻҪεȨ˱֤ٺħʲôˣͬʱԸħҪǵĳЩͲҪҶ˵ʲôˡ
ҲɵӣĻ˼ѾǳˣǾǵշ˽֮󣬾ýҵǰȥڻң϶սħ̵ĵһߣּٹ˽˽ֶΣЩ˲Ҳ˳ˡ
׼뿪ʱ÷ʲô飬æס
νҺ͹֣ԶԶֹô򵥣Ѿյܵ鱨˵ߵѪҲͽˣ֪ߴʲôЭ飬Ѫ̵潭ĴƽЩѲĵˡ
÷˵ѪڻȻǷǳǿ󣬵Щɱֶΰɱһףʹ书ǸߵˣҲһܷסǵĴɱѾһЩӢǸѪ̵ûʮֵѲ
Ѫ̣
΢΢һУ֯ɱҲν֮ѧѪ̵ɱѧģһŲսʱҲһЩá
ţǸİɱ֯ڻܲھѾɳȥˣѪ̲ܷβܣǶԼɵ˺Ҫڽ֮ϣ
÷˵˵ͷ
֪ˣѪ̵ˣһ˳ֽģȰѹҵ鴦ˣǱ߶Ľһ㣬ʱעǵĶ
䣬Ѿվһŵ£߾ڵȺ÷÷
ȵ÷÷뿪֮󣬲®ը˹÷ɫʼǺ
̫˼ˣҵڶţ
ԣڵӲ·𶼱ƾճһ㣬˵̫ˣʹѾһ쾳֣Ҳѽʵ
ϹţȷʵǧȷղͷųǵϢдģҼһλͨĸ֣ϢһӶˣ
ϹҶ̾˿һ˿һӶûûҹľ磬ֻǶʮͷѾˣôһĻƺЩ̫ʧˣôʲô
ǰһʮͷ˶簡
һ̾һʱڵЩԡ
÷˺ͼֻһۣͬʱ˵ͷڹϹҶ飬ǺģϾűôͽ֮ͨУһʱ֮ܲҲпԭġ
ΪѾһ÷ңͱôͽ쾳ʵˣڻĲһܹƽġ
÷һʼҲޱȵļƽ滺ϹҶʵҲûкõȥ
һˣûҪȣ츳Զˣ˵ѵ飬˵Ѿ򵥵ټˣ˵ȴһһεĴۺս˱ˣô
ʮָп˵


974 ҹ̽
뿪֮˵ۣȻǲ֪ģʱѾ÷÷뿪֣ǰԺ÷÷סԺ
ҲǺͽԼҳ׵ľˣǸʲô¦нҵĽӦöϵ˰ɣ
ԺһߺŲ裬һЦʵ
ˣ¦ãΪˣѾܾûϢˣǸɻ겻ɢǰʱȻȰ˵÷ңһ𣬻˵ҳԾǴԲѣ
÷÷һ߳ŲҶһ߱ӵ˵
ô˵˵ǱЩ̵ģֻǿЩˣ˱ϾŰͺʤڣ鿼ǲȫҲǿġ
΢΢һЦͶħ̣ħҲ˲ٵĴ£ǣӦڱ֧Ԯ˺ܶණСӵ̬ȾͿԲ³һˡ
ҲûȽ󣬵Ǳ𽭻ֱǺ˲֪ǧ򱶣Ҫǽʮ֮һˡ
÷÷Цɰֵһ衣
֮һν߲ƣΪһ죬Ѿ׼˺ܳʱ䣬ڼȻѾ˺ߣ˵Ѿ㹻İգӦʱҪСһЩǣǧ˽ҵĵ
ҡҡͷҺ͹ҿɲһҲ׵ĲҵֻǼǿѣҵĴȴǱ鼰أҲ漰˸ҵǲһƴɱҵȫѻҲҪעŵĵط
ţһľӢѾηˣڽҵڿٵ͸˹ҵϣϷ࣬ܶʱѾֱӶвʮֵ鷳
÷÷˵ͷȻǿǸ߶ⷽȴȲרļ壬˽ҵϣйṩڶԷΧÿ춼ţǵĵÿ춼ڶʧ
İɣѾ÷ˣھͻӦûʲô⡣
ݹһĵ񣬡ħ̵ʵȻǿ󣬵ȴ߻ʵԶҺ͹ұϾԶھǾҪæҲôĸ̳ھͬŵԺҲûϾĹᾩߵӡ
ǱŲ𣿡
÷÷ֵʵ
﴿ֻʷѣרҹģֻΪǱʵڳ֣û㹻ʵĸɹвܽ⣬ҲŹһˡ
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÷÷˸۹ΪڿЦʱǻϵĹ˵
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ڻһƬʱЩ֯ߣѽ뻪ڲһͻܵӣĶһļܷǳ˵ˣڲҲڱŵļ֮¡
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÷÷Ϣһ֮ϳԹ˱㷹һ˻صŵĿͷȥϢˣʱ׼жʱ򵽴ȺһʲôӰ̫ˣ׼ȵҹж
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Ҳھڣڽı߽֮ɽˮʺҪӵ˹ȥܴȻķ羰ˡ
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ĹۿƶƻܿЩ֮˽Ӱʱ͵ص㣬ʮӵʱѾ˹ҵ֮ڣɹǱ뷿ӲԶܶˣмףǾס
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ڲԶȻעĶȫϢ޷֪ҲʩչһСС۷ʹ۾ֱȥҲֻһʯѡ


975 
棬ǺͽҺ֮󣬽ȷʵǰǿӲ˲٣ǹڱ֧ţǵĸڲϵǣھĵΧѾɱռˣĿǰûʲô
վһ˹Ļ㱨
ңֻǸСѣڻ׵ȨͽǮⲻ֪ǿһеıϣҹ򲻿ɱɽǸģ
Цһ˵ΪȵĻ
ԭΪѾĺͽһȨͽǮպͽ֣׼ϷžŵԴԡ
û뵽̬ȾȻôֲùҲϽҵĺ󳾣ҪһҪЩջ󣬹ܺԼģڷŬҹİأһӦõ顣
ĻΪʲôҪͽҺȻ𽭼ҵΪô㲻Ӧúͽҵͬ۲ǣеʱ鲢ǱϿô򵥡
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ҲǸɴ࣬ȻöҲһ뿪˽ҡ
Žʧһ˳˼ã׼뿪ʱһӰϢĳǰ֮ǰûеĸоЩ΢ϢûвԷѾվǰͻȻһĻʱ΢΢һ
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˭
ͻȻֵˣɫȻ


976 
ϴʱѾ˵ĴˣȴԵһû뵽ȻΪ
֮ȻˣֻЦЦĴŹƵ˵ϴʱ˵㻹һ쾳ߣû뵽ʱ㾹ȻѾͨȻǵľһ֣ʡԡܲϧѽϧȻ˱˵Ȧס
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Ҳʶңûйϵ˭һ㲢ҪҪ㣬йҵδ
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Ϊħô򵥵Ŀ㣬һͨĸֲãھúõʱݵĽҩ
һЦ˵ħ㣬ԼҲǲŵİɣûôõ飬ħȻѾùݿ㣬ԺȻͻָʹ飬ǰȻǺһսˣħ̺ͱŵսȫʱһᱻȥԸЩͨ֡
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ҵ㲢ǲֻ֪עļȻԵ֣ǺЩʵǿļ岢ûпɱԣڵļȵʵһ־ͿԾ˵ʱˡ
ҡҡͷ֮λоĴ֮һΪҵʵǿԽĴУΪҶĴĵλвҶ֪ҶȨƲƸûʲô˼ùҲĴ֮һҲΪʲôҪܵųҪԭ򡣡
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һЩôֻ֪ܲǰȥˣȥڣҲûʲôϵΪħļƲߣйݾ綾ҲܻͽҺ
ҲҶ˵ˣղŽ̬ҲˣǿǷǳҰĵģʱ򽭼һͳߣŽҾԻ취ҸϳȥģԵļ壬֮˺˯ĹҲУԺͽҺǷǳǵľ
Ϊ㻹ڣΪͨţûʲô³֣㲻ˣҾԲнľ棬пܼĴжӴ˶ˣÿһ˶ܳĸ֣ҼȻô͵õ͵μЩıң϶⵽֮֡
ЩҶǼϡò״̬ҲùҺͽҽˣħǱ̾ͻҵ·
һֻлŲҳƽݾ綾İ취ħһǾԲôưոݵģҲֻȨ֮ưˣҲ²ߣΪ˼ĴУһҲ޷ң㽭ҪҲúúõĵһ
ԭѾд㣬ڵȷʵƱǿʱίȫҲǿеİ취ܲ˽ݵĶԣ涾һ֮󣬻͸ĵ֮УӴԺֻҪζϹݵĶԣҲΪʲô̸֮ɫԭ򡣡
ݣԭҲǺܴ󣬵ںһ䳢Уһҩʦ涾ֶ͸֮󣬻ᵼµ޷ʹõ洢ߣҲͲһˡ
ڹݵĶ뵤֮ǴӵǴӵ˹ݵľ綾ϲħĵҩֻӻݾ綾ʱѡ
Σҳҵݾ綾İ취ԺֻΪҵǰѣֻҪȥһϣġ
ʮֿÿƺΪݵľ綾еǡ
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ҡҡͷڰﲻħ죬ħ춼Ӯľ棬ĻҲֻһʹʱ䳤һĹ߰ˣĻҲûκεʧһһпܼ˵֣ͨı㶼ǳԿһ
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Ҳֻ΢΢һЦ
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˵ÿһ֣һȷѪĴ֣ũϵũٲݾպյĴطԼصʥҩѰ֮һҪԵĴڣȴͬʱۼһ˵ϣǼʶĹһʱҲЩһϵĸо
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ͷһи̿ʮһ̲һĵη˳һ֮ǹէְܼɲǼ䱬ɫ˿һһҳ̵ľΧֵζɰʮһɵġ
ǺˣּĻ棬һ𺳵Ըӵĸоܹ书ʩչزˣԲһ˿ģ֮ڴʱʩչΪʵҪԶԶĳͬǿߡ


977 жʼ
һִطľȻϣҲòֶּΣҲʩչ
ڿĴζɫײúˣĶֿ֣µĿõжôˡ
Ǵطʧ֮ľѧûиһʧǺˣطǷˡ
ĵ˵ͷ˵ողŵ˵Ǵ˱ŵӪ
ҵȷǱˣιΪ˽Ժʧ⣬ħ̻ᰲĺ󷽣ȻҲӦֶԤ
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νҺȥδӶ˵ûκεӰ죬ɻǾĴ֮һһ㲻κεĸıˡ
һ˵ǶԸңҲκεıʾҲǳֶԸңϾҲҩˣҲһ飬ǶԸħһ֣Ǿսʱ򣡡
ᵽ˾սʱ̣һ˿ĹâȻħֲʵֶοиеǳķŭ
İɣһôǿ֣ͨǲŵģʱһǰߡ
һЦһȽҵ⣬ͺǰʥҩŷغ֮оһζԸڵĹݾ綾
û˵ֻ˵ͷ뿪ˣȻѾˣʣµȻǽǷˣֻҪѽҽˣߵͻ¾ȶٶȻָĴ嶦ľ档
һǱϣģҲĴϣģϾΪо綾вҲóȻĴƾĸ֡
뿪˹֮ܿͷ÷ң÷үԼ̸һ֪Ѿˣ˾ʮ𾪣û뵽־Ȼ˿ͽƽˣȻĹûиǣȻҲ֪ؾ綾顣
ڽҵ⣬뽻нǿǵϷǱߵս֣Ǵ󷽣һʲôĻӰ̫󣬽Ȼʵ϶Ȳ֣ʵҲǿҪƵķҲɲСӰ졣
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Чʷһ㶼һ֣ʱ򣬽һ쾳ֵͶ˳˽쾳۷⣬쾳ֱַǽͽ壬һĸ֡
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ΪĳкܶйǰĲҲҪһӣʱһЩͽɲһܹѹġ
һ÷÷÷÷ԾϤ֪ҪȥԸ֮ӧҪһȥ֪Ѿֵͨ÷үҲûֹϾߣûʲôõĵĵط
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Ϊһרҵĺɹ٣ǿԽгɵģȻаԿˡ

һҲĳ룬۾΢΢һУɨһۡ
ļΪϸټǵһƣԶѡơ
ܿ죬ֺ֡͵ֵƶˣʱ̨עѾһǧһһʼעҲۼƵһǧֻһϷϵĳʹﵽǧ
ܵҲʼ۷׷ں˽С˵
עƣ
ɹٵ˵ͷʾϷעƿĵƣͬ˳һߡ
Χ˶ʱһû뵽һͬ˳ͬ˳ͣͬ˳Ҫ棬ֻи˳λͬ˳
ɫһϲĿһۣȻΪǸʲôëͷСӣֻмǮѣаˬʱߴٺɹٽĵơ
ɹĶҲƵİӶĵһĵ̷˸Aʱ˵ǰ
Χ۵˶ʱǼ嵹һΪǰҲͬ˳ͬ˳ʮAǻɫͬ˳˳λȫ棬ûκεޣ˵һǧֱӹǰ
ͬ˳λӮ
ɹٵҲһ˿죬΢ɲһۣһѳȫƵǰ
ã
һЦƳһˡ
ߣ
һߣȻղһǧ򣬵ǰĳҲһСѣȻǲںЩʧֻǸ
֪ǽҵĵ̣Ҳ÷ʲôֻһйһеٻ֮
ӵһѵϷ֮һֱûÿһϷ׬˸Χһһһ磬ǰĳ˴ʮһöһʮһö㳬öĳôǰ
йһλž̵ŮɣΪԼ÷÷ƣĽһöŵŮɵ÷÷һۣϾһö붪ȥǾζʮ򣬶ոսʮ򵱳СѸλŮɡ
νһЦ˿ھƣΧĹѾԽԽ࣬ıҲ˹мλҵ֮ĸҲĵվ˺󷽣һĶ۲졣
ϣһˣеаţӸղŵڶûõĲˣѾӮһڶˣҪҪȥ
Ӻ󷽵һڣһԱĽ㱨
ߣʲôã˸֣
ڰУһλͷ׵߻۾Ĺ߶ʱһȹȥҪʱ򶯵ֽţӮȥˡ
ǣ
ȥһ޵Ĵ˽ҵĸֶС
һվԶˣһòӣȺȫ·˼ףϲˣһƼõֵʱ򣬷ͻȻ΢ɲһڣһѾմĺ󱳡
һΪɽţǴ˵־һĿ࣬Ĵͷβʣȴʲô˺Ϸʱһ߲ͻἫӰ˵ж
λƣҲǵһθˣֳӵûһЩֵסӵˣͿˣҪָֺ֪ѳһǧȴǿѵġ
һȥ֮λȴûһ÷÷̸Ц˳㻹ӮѣǰֶһЩ롣
аˣʱư˹ȥһǰĻһԽ˵ֱϣǲôģϾӿ⣬Ҳʰ
ǶԸȴǹ˲ôˣǰһûκεЧҲЩëǰû۴ǸǶǰӶһֵָӣһͷβͨˡ
֮˷û˿쳣֣¶ʱһ˿ɫڵٵתƽ죬ĳһСģȻѾǽת˼㡣
Ƕĳôд˵ģߣ
ͻ˵Ķ𣬾ɢȥĵ۾Ĵ˼ۣûʲôһһ߽ʲôҲ֪ˣһֱӵ˵ϡ
ΧĹھȣ̾гı˹̧ٵ뿪ˡ
ˣ򵥣
վŵĽҸ֣ʱһĨصɫ


979 Ҳ
ǰֵǸˣϢĵ£ý֮̾
ҲȷϾ˭ڸ˵µʱûκεԤףҲûиӦ˶ֵϢ֪̾˽Ӳ磬˵ҪѪܽˡ
ȥԿǸ˾ʲôá
Ǽ˷ɢ׼ܼʱһͻȻһ˵ĶУ̵˵ͷѾˣĽ塣
ȻǰǸ˵ʧҲ˽壬ŲòһΣ岢ûֱ¶棬ָʹһȥ̽һһϸĹ۲죬ҪҳǸĻĺ֡
ʹȥ̽ˣΪȪһʮ书ɽͯѵ־
ųư֮ȴʵİеˮ߸ɴˮҺ䣬仯Ϊ̲˵߻۲ͣʱһͻᾭҡʵǷʤһְ
ɽͯһ˲ֺ֪úºųʮɼ֮ǿ
ȪĲֻǽռĲƪѣȪҲܲȻЩƪҲһЩֻȣǲԶˣҲЧ
ֲȱȻ߱ɽͯµɻȫһʱ䣬һҪϼСʱ֮ŻʱҪΣһսҲһźʵõˡ
ʱ˽Ȫȥ̽Ȼ׼ýȪʩչֲȱһˮжΪڽ忴Ҳһͨˣгɵĸ֡
õ˽ָʾȪûеʱ䣬ÿһӵʱ䣬ǰĳ붼ڲϵ࣬ٵһελãȪȻ˶㣬һ뵰ֵᣬӵʱѾγһƬԼֻҵĴС
ıͣһڽȪĿ£ݵĴȺ֮ķ϶ֱӴĺ·
һзеĸֶĶƬűû֮Уûκαļ
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ͬһʱ䣬мһĻĽҸֶаĽһȻȪûɽְͯԵҲʮֵܣӲȥ֮⣬ûѡȻûΣǹؼʱҲôܵ顣
һǵüͷֶͬʱ𣬺ɵĿΪûκҪļ̸ЦĺĿƣڽȪʱǰжһСѵĳ롣
⣬ôܣ
ȪɻĿһ֣Ǹղۿöû壬ΪԼƫˣǴƫ˶ڵĽҪһЩΪڵĽʵ̫˼ˡ
Ӳƪʱ򣬽Ȫͳ˽С붼ȥʾһʾĶǽ뱾ˡ
Խ쾳۷ʵһ֮Ҳȫ˲һ£Ȼ϶ʵܿȪֻΪ֤ûбܿôһȻ쾳۷ĸӰ첻󣬵Ҳõ˽͡
ϾȪʵͽĻԶܹӰ쵽һ˲䣬ѾǺ˲ˣڽʩչֻ࣬ûȥѡ
һ쾳۷ڽȪ¶һ˲䣬ǰȻһ鶼ûУֱýȪɶͷԡ
Ȫô£
ĴֵˣȻҲΪʲô⡣
ϣһΡ
Ȫ΢΢ҡҡͷһִ֣˹ȥ
һֱû壬ȴ˿Ӱ죬ЦŶǰһѳ룬κε쳣
еģֻûзϣǸղŴĽȪ֮ǰǸһһԵľڵأûκεԤףʹǽ屾˾ڲԶҲûиܵκζֵϢһĻʱýҵЩ
ǾܱͨҪǿĶ࣬ҲⲻĻţһûбĽͣǸĸˣֵָǰͨһĻŵҪԭ
Ҫҽҵĳˣû뵽ڹϣȻ˸Һҽԣ˼ҽҶҪ˱ᣬʲô·ˣ
һ𾢵ʱһͻȻȻ󣬵ֵΧ˶ȺĳȻֹ·𿪹رһ
Žҵһ˷ֿȺһҲµ˳һͷ׵ͷʮֵ壬ȻкܶƣڲزסºĹ˴Ľ塣
ĵΧֵĿ˶ʱһɢ˺˻ӱߵ÷÷Ƶĺɹٶ㵽һԣȻ٣֪ݵģˣȻûʲôˡ
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üͷһ壬õĶеƣʲô㽭ҵĳӣѵӮ˵ǮǺǽˣӣǸҪ治𣬽ҾͲҪӣ
˺ôĿȷʵǽҿλģĹͷˣ뿪ҿԵʲô鶼ûз
һһ⣬ߵ÷÷ͻȻ˸սȻǶһЩֽţм
뿪ԲҲûд뿪ӮôǮһûľˣӮڣҾͻԼ뿪
ǰһ룬ҡҡͷָķȥ
ˣҪƲԳԷƣȻЩͷ⾩һĶֵϣû˸ҲҽӣҲһ
̤ǰһһε̰ӿ˹ϵĴ·һ紵һ㡣
ҺôӣĪ⾩Ѿǽҵĵ˲ɣ
÷÷ʱЦһм˵ȻҲģȻʲôʲôͼʲô˵˹ңܲܰѾ˵ΪңǽҸô
仰Ĵ̼۾תһ£Ķ÷÷ϣһǵ˳ߴ˹һ÷÷ȴûκεķӦֻһĿŽ壬û˿ʾ
һСԭ÷ҵˡ
ҵһڽ˵һ䣬Ц


980 װƽ
ڽһĸ˵÷÷Ȼû˵ģǳ겻ڱչǽһЩҪ飬ûǸйעЩּΪɫѧţδΪ嶥󱲣ŻᴫǵĶ
Ȼ÷÷֮Уѧһ츳˵÷÷ζѣܲܽ쾳ⶼܴ󣬸˵ָ߲ͨʵľˣԵһûϳ÷÷˭ǽҵһ֮󣬲֪ԱߵǸŮӣȻ÷ҵˡ
÷ҵҲãϹټҵҲգǹżҵ˶УǼ֦ͬǽҲûбǷУǺ͹ҹᵽһƤ·
÷÷ĳԼ
һڳŮޣѵ÷ҵ˶ûнͳ̬˵Ҫ÷˽ѵѵ㣬Ҫ֪˾˳УֱǶ
嵹ûӣô꣬ķ꣬Ϊһļ仰Ķŭ˳÷÷Ļ˵ˣ֪϶иڳֻǲ֪Ǹ־
һɨ߽ҵ̻˹ﰲеĿ˶˳ȥͣӪҵΪѾ֪ͨˡ
壬ȫս
÷÷˿޾彭壬ޱʵ
սСѾͷ㻹̫Լˣ˵㣬£÷ҲǽΣ棬һ˿ҵģ
ҡҡͷһ˿ɫȻ̽÷÷ץ˹ȥ²磬ȻգۼĹ˵÷÷ǰ
Ҫ书ʮ÷÷ҲǽĶ֣÷÷ǱһʮƽĿ˹Ľ壬ܽĶ壬ɲĺ˿ңûԭ򣬾Ϊ˿ߡ
һԲͶ֣ԭҶֻɫ̫ʧˡ
һֱ˿ͻȻĵ̾˿еĳͻȻ䵯˳ȥ˲Ϣ֮͵˽ǰþڽƿҪץ÷÷ͷ֮ǰһɲǣʱƿؿνߡ
ͻȻϮʵ׼ڳѾ˳ȥиڣҲվˣԸղŶ÷÷ͻϮʵΪ֣ץ÷÷һƣʵкܶΪ˵֡
Ȼ㣡
һŭߣһģһӷմϷתĹУһĨһĹâ˲˳ͷ­ɨ˹ȥжȻһը촫·ӾȻ÷飬ɼһ¹֮ͣ쾳ĸ֣
˼Ȼޣ
׷ɵĳƬԼӲпУϵЦȻʣһ̽÷÷˰ε֮׷ҵ˿
Щû˵÷÷ǴǶ˵ܵ俪ʱǲСǰ߲ȱĳ룬Ҳһ֮˵ļ򳹵׵Ķˣһ˱ٷ˿ƸָһʱΧҰʹĲҽ
ޣʱѾһͷϣֻһӾû˺ֺ˻ȥԸٶȳ˽ӡ
ͻı仯ýһ󾪣ղһжˣȻǲִ֮һޣȴ̺˼ǿһΪˮ
鵶ˮˮһȴǿԽˮֱӽضϣɼ֮󣬵ȴ˸ƿԸӿٵٶȷ˻ܲýʧɫ
ϧڽһеʱȴǲ׼ټȥˣңңĶŷ뿪ĽһһӴõ˽ϣͷ˲ܿƵĳ˹ȥΪڿбûнĵط̤նе㷴
߾
ۿŭЧĽʱһȣڵ̼ٵתһ˲תٶȾ࣬ȫľ΢΢˿˿ٵת쾳ֵľҲԲ
ȻǶʲôطĽ壬Ȼȥ˷ʲôʱ䣬ǽӴӿٵĳ˹ȥеǿע£̴üӲȻһӰ̽˰һ̶ı
ֻһ˲ĹǰĿͱһʽֱӸˣÿһӰһ˷Ĵǹֱ£оԽڵΪҲ޷ʩչԴҪطΪʹùʩչһС
еЩζˣϧĹǿвʩչһУӦûҪǿһЩǡ
ǰĿһĳ׵ĳˣɴ˳ȥ
ֻһãֱĻһԲָһ£ͼ㾡ȫһʽģеıӰ˲ʧӰ٣ٶںϳһޣ޴ʱѾץС
ʩչвİܶͨ˼жܽгôֵ̫ȭһʽȸβ
ȸβ⣬סһֻȸβͣȸʹз֮Ҳ޷չ᰿裬סţ֮ͨҲóǰ
һȻԢ򵥣ڲͬʩչȴȫǲͬն԰ЩүʩչֻһռӶѣʹóȸβȴӵ׽ƴȫһʽģ˲䱻Ƴ־סǸޡ
˻֪ʲôʱ򣬽Ѿ˹ȵף֪ľΪѾԼԲĶ֣ǽҵһֽ룬Ҳͽֽģο֮һС
Ľģһط£쾳֮ڸûܹܹ㿪˵ǲų⣬ҪӲ쾳֮ڲ
ޣǽһ书ûʲô֪书Ĵڣ书ȴǷͬСɣҲΪ˹޲ų˽֮һ
ڼʶһȸβ֮󣬽˲˵һɶҲ潭ҳһˣʵϵľ޴࣬ý廹ѡ˱ΪɽڲûգʱҪĶ
ߣ̫ˣ
ŷ׼ߵĽ壬һЦһɰ͸޴˹ȥ


981 
ûж̫Ƕڽ˵̫ӴˣԭϺõޣԳܺǿٽʹôĹУûֹ޷ص󣬵ѾϺõȻǴϿ
һʹõ̫ԵǶ˽ΪʹõȻͨ˵ʲôǶڵ;˵ȴѾޱȵǿ
ûüֵĽ壬˳ڣһ·еľֱӴ˵֮УֻһѾ׵ıݻˣӴҲûĿܣڵΪ᳹׵ʧΪһͨ˺òȥߡ
ﱻƵһ˲䣬巢һҺ类ǹеһֱ׹ڲ˲Զϡ
һĻķڳеĽ˶ˣ˵Ļû˵ˣͷ·𿴵ʲôһ㣬Щ֮ͨ˵쾳־Ѿңɼˣǵӡзǳÿ쾳ĸֽսǴʮֽš
ڽҲǳһ֣Ҳ쾳ڵȻûн쾳۷壬ޱǿʵ򽭼ҲὫôҪĳӽԲһнҵĲҵҲյ˽շ
ڣλøʢĸ֣ڶϰֱġᣬžѪһ㰧
Ҳ˭һӿĹһ˷ϳо޴Ҳܲ˵ģοǽѾ쾳ڵ˵лΪͽһĴڣΪͨµ۷֡
һҲˣΪĵѾˣ˵ĽˣڵΪҲ޷סܿڵͻйһգָ˵״̬
ڽҵϣҲ̫ɱֻҪýûзˣںôңͲԹܵˣΪʱѾ뿪˾֪ȥԼó̡
˭㾿˭
һ߲Һţһ߽ʵ͸޵Թޡ
˭㲻֪ˣҴӽ쿪ʼ᳹׵ĴӾԺﲻǵĵ̣ʶھѹһĲ񣬸Ͻ뿪ȵĴǿʼ˵ʱΪʱǾѾ·ˡ
һ˽ǰŰѵĽ˵书ˣһҪ־͹Լ书Ϊʲôôðɣһνվ˶飬ȻҪΪ˸ۣ
ⷬڳĽ˶ˣ˵Ҳƴסϵʹһͷ˼ŵһ뿪֮𽥵и˵뿪ˣЩڽǿʱһڽѵʱȴһѡ뿪
ĳӴʽЩ˴һЩԶ߸߷ɻطԼҪǼھȵĴĿʼ㽭ҵˣǲǰ;ûһϣ
Žҵһһ뿪Ȼк޼Ҳûа취飬ǱͻȻĸ֣ѾԿ϶ͨ۷ҪԸҵĻǹ֣Ļұذɡ
㲻Ҫ⣡ͨĸ֣Ҳ̫СҾˣҽ뵽ͨĸ֣ʤܻδ֪
崭ŴݺݵĿ˵
˵ǹҵĹɣڶԸǽ֮ǰѾˣһνҵսУǲٳˣ㻹İɣ
ǹһ˿Цҡҡͷ÷÷뿪ˣ÷÷뿪֮ǰ֮ͬһ۽壬ĽһѪؿһ֮¾Ȼʹ˻˹ȥ
ߵĶҺܿʹ˽ҵĶУҶʱٴУ̶书˽ϵĸϻؼ֮Уֵֹ֣ܳǵ˰Ҳûʲôԭ÷÷ûֱϽңȥǱҵ˸𽭼һĽ㡣
Ϊ֮һʵȫڽ壬ҵһزȫȨƽʱǴͽһһߣڽ򽭼ҴӪôȥˣһֱĸ֣ǽҳֵλ쾳񣬷Ӧò׵ı䶯
زҲҵĵز˾»ķֹ˾ÿΪҴҲ֣ܷ֮չѸ٣Щҵľ޴󾭼ЧǷֲġ
ʱĽҲ˵˶ĳǱֵ߳⣬ͽ֮ͨҲһУǾټЩһ֮
Ž嶼˵Уʵ̫ҲûʲôãԽ㺰ĲǱˣѪ̵ɱ֣ɱеĶ⾫ӢѪڻһҵܸ˺
Ѫ̺ͺ˹ڣмΪԭѪһֱδܺϣΪĵ߸ˣҲѪеĶɱ֮һž޴״˰̵ˣ͸ԭʼĺεɱͨºһ۶εѣı
ôγʲô⣬ǾȻԸ⻨ôĴۣҳ֣ҪԸ˭
ڷĺľԣǰ΢΢ðĲ豭ڳʲô飬һɳƵͻȻڷķͻȻһ󺮷磬˲Ҫһ
ɣҵһˡ
ڳĽŻع˲ָָӶû˵λ˵
ڽ㻰ʱѾһӰһȫ¶Ѫɫ۵Ͼ޴˰䶯ţ·ĳֹĻ
һ쾳ĸ־ȻزղɱĻѾɱʮˡ
òͨķûʲôɫֻϵǵ޴˰̣ʮֵעĿ
νҳһ鷳Ҫæ
̾˿΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʲô鷳ôû˵
üͷһϵ˰䶯˼¡
ǸղŲ֮ǰŷ飬ѪӦûûôյϢǽҵĳӱһ֪ĸˣеĻ÷ҵһСǱĸ֣Ѿ˵书Ѿ쾳۷壬һ˶Ըûʲôա
Ѹղŷ˵һ顣
Ȼĸֳ֣
ʱȤΪ߸֮ѾܾöûгˣΪûֵֵĿꡣ
ĵĸȻڶ࣬ûѪɱֳֵ£ѪȻԵ޹ʵȥɱЩ֣ͱضǵˣ⵽˻һµֿ׷ɱˡ
ֲ򵥣㲻ɴ⡣
ζ˵


982 
ص飬úЩ
ʲôĸ֣Ȼ˵ģǣƣһŻһĻǺܴģֻҪǽͨˣûʲôµģͨˣӦֻйһ˰ɣĪµ˾ɣ
һЦ
Ȼǹ𣬲ҲС˻㱨˵иûʲôµģͨĸ֣ҲȻ쾳۷ûһǺöԸģҲźæһԸ
ҡҡͷʱûȥİ
˼ɱ۷弶սԣѾûгˣһҪ׽ˣ
ٺһЦӰʹʧˣֻһ仰ƮƮʱ㸺ӦˣһһԸ㣬ֻҪᣬҾͻֱӳ֡
˵ͷûж˵ʲôһ־飬֪ȥ˶ãһ˼˽ڽߵ˵һ䣬վһ뿪˷䡣
Ŵ¥ʱͨԱѾһֱ֪ͨżˣȻû֪ͨԭ򣬵ܹżϢԱȻǲʲô̵ܶʱЩԱѾؼȥˣŴ¥ʣµĶǽҵˡ
ǰ÷÷ƵܳѾ˼ֱͣ˼Ŵ¥ſڣ÷÷һ³߽˴¥нҵ˵һԲֻ˸ƣǰԹԵĴ·Ҳܺûи
Ϊĸ˵һ·˹ȥڵΪǶʲôģɱըⶰ¥Ҳþܰôٶȫڱըǰӳȥ
ݵ˶ʮ¥һ޴ĻңƽʱǼŸ߲㿪ߵĵطȺĴݹ٣վŵǽҵһĸ֣ΪѾһֻ̤쾳ż˰վڽıһķ·һһ㡣
÷ң׼ҽսˣ
÷÷÷÷һɨͻˣ󶨸ϣϢѾȷıʵ÷÷÷ҵˣɱˣʱ屳ǸƣֻǿӮñ˵Ĺע;η
Щ˵ûбҲûʲôͷڳûһ˿÷÷˵ĿⶼеϣΪеǿʵ÷÷÷ҵˣʱҲɲӣΪʵޣЩ˵ľ衣
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ȵȥ֮󣬽ʮ׷Χ֮ڣŵĶֻԺӴˣھʱĻȻĶҲûбƻˣοԺ⻹վ÷÷ȻҪչ÷÷һ㣬ܵʲô˺
Хۻڣ
һʽɣʩչڶʽֻǻԤ׵¡ǻŵǰô޴󣬺Ҳޱȣ񱩵ؿᣬȻһҪӺˡ
ɲ׼ýôʩչȥˣϾҵլԺش̫ƫƧΧкܶ˵ģʱһЩͨڿʲôǾͲ̫ðˣϾЩ黹Ҫһ㣬ǲֻš
д⣬һһ̾͵˽ǰɫһǰĿһһµѾ˳ۿҪʱһĳĴһģǸղڽʩչһʽʱȻӡĵĵҷġ
ӭ浲˽ǰȻûнӴ룬ǷĵȴѾõ˽ϣֻԭҪѿڶĵڶʽٳٲӺ³ĲȴԽԽ֣ŹķҲԽԽ۾Ѿ͵ĲӴ̼޷
˫͵Ŀס˲ӣһǰһʽХۻɻںڣξ²ŴڲϵӿţҪӺȥ
һľۼӿһǺ·ʲôסһ㣬޷ͷųȥһȥ˽ڵģŴ޷йڵҲʼʧȥƽ⣬һλͨĸԱǼΪ˵ģ˵뻹ʩչħط
һ˲ֵ˽ԣһֻ˽룬̤գѾĳռȥ貨΢ȫ֮£գۼĹѾ˸߿գ׼һƬ޴İ֮һֱӽеĽŰ֮С
ڽһ̣ͱը˿޴ֱӽƳ׵ɢɢľҲ䵽һ֮⡣
Ű֮кѾ䵽˵棬ûȤڸ߿һԱ
֮ͨ书ִһ̨ףսʤֿĲǿʵǸѧ⣬Ҳ̫ʮʽǧء
ʱ򲢲ҪȥԸˣǿԽ˵ԸǣͬղŵĽһʩչطͨʵ౶ǲһ
ӲӲ˽룬ҲⲻҪһЩ򣬿ǸղŽһжû֧ŹȥйȻʩչǸԭ򣬸Ļ˽Ʋȱ㣬ֱýóĻХ֮ϡ
ղŷһĻڳĽ֮˶УͽսĹڳûܹǽѾˣѾˣɻĺúõģڽҵ˾䵽С
˹һʱҳֻĬĬĵȴ˵УϾ붼ʧˣǸûʸ񷴿ˡ
Ѿˡ
ǰһȺĽˣ˵֪кܶ˶ڽͶħ̲֪飬ҶԸңֻǶԸ˽ϣĽһûжǻ뽭ұһЩʵ;ĳѾʺˣӲҪŽҵĽԲʲôý
лǰָ㣡ҵ뿪
˳Ĭһ֮һ߳̾һǰľһ콭ͷҲص뿪ˡ
ڽôЩͲҪʵˣҲǲ̫ɱԲŻȰ˵뿪Ͼҵھ϶Խ֣˵Ѫϴ͸Ͼɱٴ󲿷ֵĽ˿϶ʲô³Ҵû˿Ļ֮׵İ֣
ڽҳ뾩Ҷ֪˼ڳ÷ҵ÷÷ȥ˵÷÷Ȼͻתǣ֪Щ뿪ģ岻᲻ӣϾͨĸ֣ﶼһȻôʶȤ
˽ҵ⣬ʣµͽȥʰˣڽµĵô֣һȤûУ÷÷ȥһ÷ңһһ뿪÷ҡ
˼Ѿת壬ڹҾסĵطϣκȥţһҪ˱ʣһ֣ҾͻɳЭһ𿹵УϾĴ壬ؼʱȻӦ֦ͬ
Ҳõͬ⣬ƽʱûµʱŹҵһȺ֣Ⱥ־ͻæߵĹϵô򵥣ȻֵĺˣϾҶȨһȤûУȥۺĽңԺĵˡ
뿪÷֮ûֱ뿪ȥ˹ңҵ˹𣬵ҵ˼˵Ҫֱҹʱ򣬻ΪҲģͺʱĴùҵɫ̾ͱˣһ̾ǰǰ̵ĲͣкţµλᣬʵȴѾͨϹ
ȻЩ˼ƽʲôҵ˹֮ùһ¼飬Źһ뿪˾


987 ƻ
ص˶ʱۻأҲûĵطҪȥΪ˽⿪ϵĹݾ綾Ȼȥȥˡ
ص׶֮׼ȥ½кһѾˣû뿪ۻأ۳Ա֪ͨҪ̣ʱ۷˻ȥ˵¼ҡ
ڣ޴ͶӰϣһ͵ȱСڻתţע˼ȻĳĺɫһڻĵķΧڣʮֵۣλڼ֮ƫĵطһ޴ɽнĵطɫˡ
ǣ
΢͵˲䣬ͲµЩɫĳ״ʲôѹеϲæŶʵ
ҴṩĵͼУʮ㣬ģ˸ְ˶Ȼڵ״ͨǿһ飬յóЩλá
˵ͷָλڻľڵɽ˵ɽ̺һ޷п⣬ʵеĿλõǶ޷Ŀ죬Ҳ޷֪澿̺ʲô
ûйϵһԹȥġ
Ц˵Ŀǰת΢͵̲һĺɫʮֵۣǾǾ˸ӵĵؿ˶Ͱ˶֮
ﲻ̺ʲôƷʵʯֻкдʵ龧ʯͱŲˣĶǵմȾͨʯͷھʱ仯ɵ龧龧ҪǷǰУȻǲмһ˵ģڵôӣҲֻܽһЩ龧ǿڵˡ
ֻнڵȻ̵ͨ۷ľ磬ܿʼͻƽڵڵ׹̻һ𵤡
Щǰû㣬ôҲͻƵڣŵҲǲģϺܶʼߵѾ֤һ㣬ϴ˵ûκνҵֻн̤ʵصһǰ𵤣ٶȽڵľ硣
öľλ÷͸ɳ۵ĳԱǰߴطд̽ҪκεĲɼжֻҪصĲɣжȵȥ֣ʲô⡣
ϾЩǱɽĴʿֱŲˣ˭Ҳ֪᲻ʲôΣգڳ˳һ˿˿ĻӦ⣬Σգ˵Ӧʱ䶼ûУֱӾˡ
۵սʿôʱˣҲϣǳʲô飬ֻȥһĻѡ
뿪ۻأͶһȥ˱ŻأǱߵ½˵һİֲڵĵλֱ½ҲõĿ϶½ȨҲԽԽ󣬲½û˶ΣΪ뿪İʲôҲ첻ɡ
⹫ҵĹȻѾͻƵͨȴعݵľ綾ֶһǵһ˵ʲôͷ
칫½еļɻʵ
ݵʮֵİ½ʶ㣬Ҳû˵ֶݣϾܹ֮ʶȫеĶǺ顣
׼½һ¹ݵ飬û뵽һԵֵ쵹ȿˣ˵ĺҲûʲô𣬵һ
ǰĵʱ򿴹һżмعֶݣʱΪֻǺģҲûзϣֵôһ˵ֶˡ
ֵ΢΢һЦ
ֶȷʵڣũٲݾصĺϸһֶλʮƫƧҪɼһѵ飬ָȥɼҲǿֶ涾ֻ˵ħͰϣԲصȥѰ˹涾
˵ͷ˵ڹѾһص˶Ҿ׼ȥʥҩŷһ̽һνڵĹݶԣʱȥĻ¶Ժ͵ϵ̫ʱûл᳢ˡ
ȷʵǲӣܹɹĽ⿪ڵĹݶأһ߾ֶһλͨĸ֣ħ̵һս͸ӵаˣ
½˵Էģӿʼʶڣûһ⣬ÿһ鼸ˣ涼ԽԽˡ
һ֮׼뿪ߵʱ۾鵽½İ칫ϣһĵĵͼһطһĺȦȦ
ĵطҲͲˣϾǵļƻһ㶼ЩƻֻһЩͻʱȥȦȦŵķΧȻĿڣòˣΪҪȥｫ¿龧ɼ
½ϸ磬ʲô֣
תҪߵָָͣͼϵǸȦʵ
ﰡȷʵд·ħ̵˲֪ʲôʱﰲפأѾչ˲ٵħͽǰոձǲ׼ֹȥħ̵פأҲǼƻһ֣ԲħκζɽĻᣬһһҪһ򾡣
½һ۵ͼһ˵
ԭˣжʲôʱ䣿
˵ͷ˼һʵ
ǱߵûвҹҲҪҰɣûĵϸǰǲ׶ֵģһʲôȦףʱĿɶԼˡ
ʱ½Ҳ˵׼ֻܴŵĸһʱ䡣
ڣҲˣжҪʼˣ½ϸǵ֪ͨһ£Ҳеȥﴦÿ԰һæ
΢΢һЦ뿪˰칫ҡ
֣ϵôȤ
ֵ쿴һ۵ͼɻҡҡͷ
ʲôɣϵϵҲ٣һͿЩ飬ҲͱȥôˣϵߵˣֻҪסһ㹻ˣ
½ҲͬҡͷһЦ
ߵ½˺ܾõ飬Ҫħ֮Уڵһദôãû˱½ͣλãûʲôסһֵá
ħ̵õľţټϱħ̵аԺǿʵ˵Ļ᳹׵Ľһյĺڰʱڣ඼Ҫħ̿ƵĿֲ֮¡
ڵĵǺǰʱһˣȫʱĵ׵Щߴģȫߡ
ǸʱһǶˣȫϣͻ޵˵ͻӭһڰʱ


988 ⶾ֮
ص˼У׼һ֮ȥ˹
ȻǱ߳ħ̵ҪȥѰҿɴͳһˣǱ߾ʲô֮ǰŷϵʱ򣬵֪ʥҩλþҲ̫ԶýʥҩڣȻһжˡ
Ҫ󣬹Ȼûʲô飬Ͳ⿪ڵĹݾ綾Ļָ֮Ҳֻ£ΪһνĽҩǰķϹ֮󣬿ɾûнҩˡ
۳ԱǱɳȥ̽͹ȥʥҩŷоһݵĶؽ⡣
ʥҩλڼ֮صһΪ񻷷ĵطɽͦվɽŨѰ˸͵ɽ壬ֻ߲ɵʵǣһûʲô£ҲܵʥҩλһֱΣûʲô֪
͹ǰʥҩǼ򵥶ˣֱӴӶһܷɻ񻷷Ͽֱ֮Ӵӻպȥɡûãڿмٵ׹һξ֮󣬷Ṧ̤նУܿ͵񻷷İɽ֮ϣһξ룬ѾʥҩŨеķһǡ
ߺˣ
׼ʥҩŵʱһ˴һԵŨ˳˵ǰ
վλʥҩµ¥ݣխʯݾǽʥҩΨһ·ͱڡ
͹Ȼǲܵ·ƣû·Ҳ׾ٵĵ񻷷ۣ֮˴ǰʥҩѣŷ޾ǾʶڵĹݶأȻ಻һ˼ƽʲô
ŷ˵͹Ѿˡ
΢΢һЦ˵
ԭǰˣ
ֵûʲôӦ֣ȴ̹һȻŷѾʵݣǰˡ׾ûϳǰѾ֪ˣǰҪֻû뵽ǰô졣
޷ڼŷ𣿡
˰֣Ц
㣬ûбչпգʹλǰǰȥ
æͷЦȻ֪ܺվһ𣬶һһ°ı飬ʵҲȥʱڵǰ·
ʥҩϵɽ񻷷嶥˵ɽһȦĽɼʥҩʱҲǻ˲ٵ˼ʥҩĵַڣطʥҩķֹĵַŷ޾ûиˣΪҲҪȥ
˷嶥һʵĹڣ˾ЦŸˣ͹˴Ҳżϸһ飬ʶһָĵ¯ԼҩϵĻ滭ͼ񣬲һյĹŷ޾ͳЦŴӹת˳
ǸӣȻһλͬλǹ˰ɣŷޣΪʥҩ
ѾϵˣŷҲûпͺ͹˸к
¹𣬽ռеʥҩң
ֲЦˣοŷͨĸ֣ǹϵ䵭ҲԻ˿¶һ˿Цݡ
̫ˣ룡
ŷЦ˽˺׼˹Ϲˮӭ˵ĵ
һ֮˵⡣
Ҫ鷳ŷϸ磬ϴ˾ͽҵЩƣһҲǹڶ⡣
˿ˮЦ˵
ϸϵܿѯ飬ҲֻһˣϸϵԶܹסϵܵĶأƲʲô򵥵Ķأ˵
ŷ޸һЦоҩ꣬ҩһңһǵ֮ĴʦҲҪѯһҲǷǳ㡣
жľǹˣ֮ǰĹ̾Ͳϸ˵ˣ̫ӣǾ͵۶ˣ֪ϸ˵ݣ
˵
ݣȻֶݣ
֣ŷ޶ʱеѰˣݵĶػ͵ϵһ𣬱᲻ϵʴʱͻᵼµ٣۶ôҲӵ˺ؼǶԻϵһʹú϶ԣתȫʱȫմȾ϶ԣǹµĵط
еǹֶأϸʲô취
˵ͷæʵŷ޸ղ֪ŷ޿϶ֹ֪ݣھͿܲܽ⿪ֹݵľ綾ˡ
취еģֻǺ鷳Ҫ׼ĲϣʥҩеҩȻڶ࣬ҪֽҩҪֹؼҩݣĻԼˮݣֶǽҩҪҵҩģҩĴ棬ȱǣҩûκεЧˡ
ŷ˵
ҩݣֻ˵һˮݣҲ֪У֮ھͿ͹
΢΢һ˵ȻⶾϣȻȫˡ
ĻʮϧҩݣƽʱѵһʥҩмȻûУطҲˣҿԷȥѰҿλҲԶùϵҵҩݣʲôνֻҪҵС
ĵ˵ͷ
ũٲݾжЩҩݶϸֻʱţЩϡеҩڵϴڵĺۼѾԽԽˣڻĵľѾҪȥѰҲУҪѾ޴
һͨĸ֣Ȼֵȥ˾޴۵ģǱ֪ˣҲ᲻ϧһд۱ס𣬱Ͼһ֣ͨɲﶼҵһĸ־Ҫϧ۵ȥ£õʱ˶ԷӪǺĪ
ҩȻϧǶ˵һЩϵĻҵӦòʲô⣬ʱϲ֪ü
ŷüͷ΢ʵ
ϸ粻õģڹֵϻµĽҩܹӻصķʱӦ㹻ҩˡ
Ц˵
꣬ʱӦ㹻ˣ֪ͨȥҩ׼ãҩҵ֮󣬾Ϳ̿ʼýҩɽⶾĹ̡
˵ͷŷ޵һЩֱⶾķʱ䲻ĻҲΪ飬ϾⲻҩһԾ̽ⶾģҪһ̡
ȻⶾѾüĿҰ֮ھӦýҲͲˣֱӴʥҩڣûµʱͺŷ书ĵãִͨյһȻĲĻ⡣
ദĻȽǢҲͷˣʥҩһ֮뿪ʥҩǰǴǿĵط


989 Ѫ֮
֮ǰŷ޵ҹһΣ̸ݾǹũϵĺȼҵ⡣
ԭصʥҩ֮ŷֵ̾鵱ȼҵ飬һ׷֮ڲ鵽Ļʹ֮ˣȻĽھѾеԪͯ˵ͷȼҲũٲݾܣȴûл㱨ŷޣ˽ǲĸȼҵ˽׷ɱͼȡũٲݾ
ֻû뵽ȼһ˸ңԸҲũٲݾĽ֪ȼֻʣΰһˣ½֮󣬰ȼұ𣬳;ǱũٲݾⱾ﷢ũϵĹҩ
ũٲݾҩǵũһѪҲһ߳ɾ͵ĽһҲʲôֻ֣ȼȴ֪飬Ͳ᱾ĩĽũٲݾڵݸӡȥˣֱҩĻȼҾԲ䵽ز
֪ʵ֮Ҳǲɵһ겻ѣû뵽׾ȻѾһΪ֮ȻѭӦˬӦΰ飬ȻѾˡ
ֽһ׮飬Ҳ泩࣬ȼҵֻ˵Ǳ磬Ҳ޷أΰҲȥʱˣ޴Ҳֻܽ鷸ˣʼעеǰ
񻷷岻һٹԶƪɽصľΪQͿɽɻҲ㯵ɭ֣ΪƬɽʮֵĹ죬߽ȥ֮еĸйٶʧ飬Ҳֲ嶫ָʾʧȥãһ߽ȥĻٳ
ƬɽռʮֵĹ󣬿ΧɽķΧڣҪҵǸͱҪ㯵ɭ֣жΣգҲǱҪһˣûѡ񣬶Ҳ뿴㯵ɭ֣ǲЩһ˵ô¡
һ˶ǰУߵٶȷǳ֮죬ڻ̵Ұ⣬Ҳõʲôˣʱٶȫķſһ֮¾͵׿⣬ֱǺţ˵˵۾ˣǻҲǳ豸Ӱ
ܿ죬̫ȫĶ֮ǰѾɭֵıԵԭҪһͷȥȴɭֵıԵͣȥζȻӼ˼״̬ȴû˿ͻأ·վһ
Ȼ򵥣ûнɭֵķΧѾܵ˲ͬѰϢϢûв´ĻӦǵŲƿ󷨲֮Ϣ벻ôı仯ȻӰĻ
ϸĸӦһȷûΣ֮һͽɭ֮У̶ֳȵ󷨲Ϣûа취סϾǸŲ󷨳֮ĲϢɽ󷨣ҲƾϢסʶ۷ʿ
ïܵɽɳһ֮Ѿ󷨵ĸ򣬳׵ɽֵķλ˶ǸͼϸĶԱȵͼо׼ѰһȽǳ¶ĿλãȻ취ȥһǾʲô
ĴѰҿڵʱȴǷԽԽľϳ˲ıǣЩʮֵйɣ̴£һǵģҰҲûôߵԣ˸ղŶϢĸӦֻоһ֮󣬾ͷЩǵĹɣȻָȷͨɽ·ıǡ
ЩǣЩ˲ȥƽ󷨲ϢҲԸЩǵָ߳ɽ֣ᱻ
򵥣Ȼ˿󷨲ϢĴҷλЩϲ
ЩǣһһЦ뿪ˡ
ʱЩħ̵£ߵ£һ֮µıǣȥЩ֮ЩҲͲ뿪ˡ
Ȼ֪˱ǵãҲܿЩǣҪ׷±ǵȻ練ƣֻҪű߾ˡ
˳ԽԽܼıһ·ǰУҲĽɽֵ֪ѾԶ˸ղŵĵطԱŶɽĵͼѾҪӽλˣЩֵԾ͸űǼǰУֱҵһ֮ɽڡ
ħ̵Ĳ֮ˣûнܸܵаϢ
һЦԹԵĵ˵ͷһ֮Ȼʧԭأ˳Ÿղŵ·ٵ˻ȥһȴǵۻȥǱ߱߱佫ЩǴݻˣһĻħ̵˾Ͳܽ·뿪ˣ©֮㣬Ҳ뿪ɭˡ
һֿ֮ٵĻصǸ֮ǰϢĽɽڣ̽ħ̰ɭܶߣʲôشܡ
һʼɽڵʱ򣬻ûʲôоž룬һɵѪ֮Ϳʼ֣ԽĵطѪ֮ԽŨµ˴ԼһҵʱѪֱ֮ѾŨ˴̱ǵĳ̶ȣҪסܼǰ
ŨѪ֮ͨ˸޷棬ֻҪ뼸ھͻԹȥڵѪҺͱѪ֮궯ͲȻûʲô飬ҲȥЩۻѪ֮ԲסϢ
Ļ뵽½Ǹ½࣬Ϊ½ǰδϵ½࣬ȴ½ղصĽ书Ѫ񹦣Ѫ񹦵Ѫ̵񹦣Ϊиͣ˺ѪͱʿȺ֮ǿһʱѪ̾ʷĳС
Ѫ̵ʱ½ҲͶ˴õѪҲ½Ҹ𱣹ղأаٶΣ֣û뵽½ȻԵԼȥаڱ֮½ӣѾ½˼ףӴ˺½ҲûκεĹϵ
ɽŨѪ̾뵽Ѫ񹦣½ҵӰħѪӡǴѪ书½ΪӰħӵ죬Ҳ½һѳ½ңͶħ֮С
½Ѿ쾳۷ʵһֱ޷̤ͨڲѪ񹦵ʱûоסջŶаû뵽һʹӴ˰ѳֲסˣ䵽ⲽء
ʱѾȥã½ûʲôĻӦѪ񹦵İ½׵ͨľ磬Щһ뿪½ҵӰħӵĳԱΪҲӦôǣʵ϶ǰͬնˣǿŨѪ֮ѾԲһˡ
Ϣ׵ѾӶڳһľ޴ռƬռʲôҲֻһƬããѪɫЩƮƮڿصĻζ·һ㣬ʮֵĹ졣
û뵽ȻпϷЩȣ
׼ʶ鿴ʱһͻȻ


990 ½
ͻûŵֻЩȰˣû뵽ȫϢ֮󣬾Ȼ˿ԸӦĴڡ
ôȣʵϢ޷ֵģﵽѪֻиվŵλûбѪǣҲܸӦµĵΪҷ˸¡
Ǹ˵һ˿صĽʸС
ôһѣʱ˹ԭΪڲԾųЩΪѪĹŹ壬ű˷ˣΪϢ˲ԷʵҲǷǳߡ
֪ҵкιɣһɲӴˡ
û˵ǸԹԵļʵ
ֻ·ߴ·ѡ
ȻһЦ
ûгĻͲ뿪ˣҲͦõѡ񡣡
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֪ʵ½Ҳ˵ֿ˼ղǸұڷ֪Ķ֣һûйķ˵ľˣһЩ͵ķǿ֪ˣǾ޷ģȻ磬ܷԺľ绹ЩҲҪװס
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Ϊöʵ˺ܾãټҶʿǵİŽɹ˳ȻǶ֪ҪʲôֻҪôǱ㻨ʱȥоˡ
˺ӷӦ¯ȫϸ龧׷շ˺ӷӦ¯ڣָʾʾռ˵ʱֹͣװ龧˷Ӧ¯ĸӣӷӦ¯̿ʼ΢
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ѹ֮龧СʮֻҪһ㣬Լһ׿ңĽѾˣָڵĿռҲ㹻װЩ龧ˣҪЩ龧ڵһȥ֮£ָ洢龧Ҳûʲôˡ
ǰʮѾ޴龧Сɽ¶һ˿ΥЦ⣬ôõʱ䣬лԽˡ
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994 ս֮
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ӴԺҪʹ÷Ҫٽڵѹõһ΢ˣǿֱӴӵڵ΢һ֮ǵ̫ϡȻָĻĵ֪ʲôʱָܻ龧С
Ŀǰ˵ѾǷǳõѡˣ֧ţζٶʹ÷ԸϵߣҪʹʲôķֻҪһЩͽ׵ķʵϣͿԷӳ˵Ͼǵڶûнָ߽׵
ֵһǣתΪʱԭڤҲ˱仯תٶȱĻ࣬ΪѾҺԭ̬״̬ˮײпʼĻɫҲǻɫǱһֵ״̬ɫĸо
ڤֹҲǵһںǼǰĹǶԱڤ񹦽иʱûд㣬ڤǿǺϲģҲһ˿Ҫڤ񹦼ȥĴ㡣
㱱ڤ񹦲ûкĹҲν飬ϱû·ߵ˶˲·֮ǰҲеģһģֻʱһЩһЩѣЩ˵⣬㹻ʱԡ
һ˶龧һ˿ԭӨĹ󻺻ıİϳһ˿ѺۣѺ۾˿龧ѳʮƬɢһƬĵϣ˶һ졣
ʱҲˣҲ˹⿪ڶصˣǻʥҩȥ˵
һܵܶһƬڴʱȴʲô⣬ٺڰĵط赲ߡ
׼ʱͻȻ΢΢һȻ΢΢ȶ£Ѿʶƿն˳ž޴ĿӶ̽˹ȥһֻڵʶУԼٶȷɿĳ˹
ҪصʱֻͻȻ˴ƬĺȻɢһӻӶվ˵ϣЩɻĿΧľ
˺ķʽһǿڵĵطǷһϵΧص䣬ĳ̽·֮ͬ
֣ʲôʱˣ½ֵȥˣ
̽һ֮ܵ˶ʱŹֵһ
û뵽ﾹȻѪϡ棡
벻ͨ׼뿪ʱһͻȻӺڰд˳
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˵һɢ˺⣬ںڰԵΪۣѾ׵̽һ飬ȻûзǱ˴ڣдʱȻǼΪ𾪡
һѪܵʲôһһѪҲǵһˣȼѪǵһ
ʱ򣬺ڰͻȻһ͵ĹâŹâͻգ𽥼ǿĹ˺ôһƬΧֳ·ӰһһǴһ۵Ѫɫͷϰļ׹⣬ΪǸʿվ
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Ѫɻ´һҡҡͷƺħ̵ˣϵϢȫһ޷ӦϢ½ȥˣ
ȷʵħ̵ˣ㵹Щʶ˵Ҳܲþһ㻹кôġ
һЦҡҡͷѪʮУһˣ
֪Ҳ٣Ȼ֪ʮ壬岼³ռˣǸ񡤲³գ֪ǣ
˾Ȼ֮ǰͺһǸ񡤲³գֻǲ֪ΪλһֱҪ½ࡣ
ҵҲû˵Ҳգ³ռΪγڻģ½ʲô飿
ʵ
Һ½кڹôƺʲôʣϴιʱȫһˣĪǾΪµԵʣ
Ǹ񡤲³տûôúƣȻʲô˵İ仹һʵǿŵ׵İˡ
㵹ͦģѪڻҲ㲻ˣ㾹Ȼģħ̹ǰѪҲѲ˸ϵ³ռ׼ķһˣ
һЦ˾Եʵ֮ûʲôйֱħ̺ͷҪκ뻪ĵľڣк³ѪȻڻѪٻǿ飬ֱǲˡ
Ǹһѻ˵꣬Ѫٻ֮ȫըһźʮֻһɢ·˿Ȼǻ˵һֱˡ
ûòǴ˵еĹ壿ǵأ˵Ļ꾹Ȼߣ
ҡҡͷֱ任һ֮һε̽ܶɢȥЩСһײε֮ϣʱͻΪһɢ
еСʧʱʣµһֻǸ񡤲³յˡ
ʲô书Ȼƽһ
»Ϊ״̬Ǹ񡤲³վȵĿʵ
ⲻ书ʲô˵Ҳףûϣˣһ㽻࣬ҵǿԿǷһ
ҡҡͷ
Ȼ֪˭ʵȷʵǿ󣬹ƾѪҲþܻʤ
Ǹ񡤲³տ˼һ֮˵ħ̺֮սѪǵõħ̵룬ŵ̺ͶԸߣȵıħռ֮ħͻԶŷЭǴѹ͢Ѫŷẉ̂Эݡ
Īڻʲô仯ɣ
üͷһ
ȷʵб仯Ѫħ̵ĺѾˣħΪ̫թǲѪǺ½书Ȼʮа񣬵ǺܶطѪ嵹Ź֮ͬž½гڵĺҲǷǳҰģƺҪ齨һѪ̣ѹħ̳Ϊĵһ
Ǹ񡤲³յ˵ͷһ˿ҹ½ĺˣѾˡ


995 Ļ
µĲ½ȷʵѾҵС
ɴĳʵռ˾ԵϷ磬ûʲôҪˣȵ׽ڵʱ򣬾ͿԳ׻ָԭȺ̬ҪôСĲҴš
Ȼʵ½඼УʵѾߵ޷ľ磬ѹѪ涼˵Ƭط̫죬ײҪУˡ
Ǹ񡤲³˵̾˿Ȼ½ѾˣǺĺȻͽˣѪȫ˳ģڲħ̺֮ҿò³ռġ
ҪģֻҪǹԹԵ뿪ľͺãڻĻѪħ֮ʲôǣһǰŷޣѪʮ𣬽͢飬Ҳ
ƽ˵ûʲôв˼ǻ˵ȴǸ񡤲³亹Ӽ׵һ·ȥ
İɣҿԱ֤ѪϽǵеѪڿʼͻ᳷ġ
Ǹ񡤲³æ˵
ˣ߰ɡ
һһǲεʧˣһʧԭأһʹṦ뿪ˣշУڻָ֮ʹһЩСмֱɲˡ
Ȼûг򣬵ȴѪҪķٶȣǸ񡤲³鲻Խһ¿ˮںڰз˹һ죬վһ֮һӶ̻һһֻСӺзɳ֮ʧˡ
뿪ɭֱ֮ӷ˸߿գʩչһķ֮ٵĳ񻷷ȥһĹѾ񻷷嶥
ŷں͹ɽһᲱ£ǰһ̣ڰӽݺᣬȻ壬ʱŷһöɫӣüͷڿ˼ڤһߡ
Ҳżôڶ棬ɽƮһ˶ûע⵽̵ıϣһӰͻȻͳˡ
һºˣŷϸɾֱӮˡ
һ̣ʱЦ
ţϵܣ
ŷ˼ĵ˵ͷƺͬĻȵҪӵʱȻ侪˹ϵܣʲôʱģ
Ҳһ𾪵ĿȻϵɸӦ˿ϢֱȴڵǰĿҪǿ࣬ΪʲôָоҲ˵
ողŵµĳ񣬾ûдţôⶾҪҩݶѾռȫ𣿡
Цʵ
ʣһĻˣ滨ʮֵĺĿǰ֪ϢУֻһ˵滨а죬Ҳһλͨĸ֣˲ûкҲôħǱߵһֱС
еӣŷ޵˵ͷҲһЩѺ͹ϵշתҵ˰죬ҪһĻ첢ûͬ⣬ʲôۣǲͬ⽻˵һĻԲ
죿Ǹҵ棿
ᵽ֣ʲô
ȷʵһ壬˵ʵͦǿģҺ֮ٽӴҲ
ŷ˵
֪죬е˼˵ʵǿѾ˳ķţͨѾ˺ܾˡ
ĵ˵ͷ˼ʲô
ȴǲСݿɿϢƣʮʱѾͨѾһʮˣͨʱ㹻϶˺ܶĶ
ŷ޼˵ڰҵ͵λ붼ǿһִ£˲򵥣Ҳ٣Ҳûʲô顣
ĻҵһˣðһһҪõ֣˳һ˰ɣ
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Ҫһˣ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣һӲͷѶԸģҪǿĻҵĲûʲôãͰҽ񣬵ʱûϣĻ
İɣŷϸ磬ҵĺϢ
ŷ޵֣һ˾ʧɽֱûͬŷԼҲûп뿪ġ
ϵܵʵƺ֮ǰһЩ
ŷ޽ŽɵĿŹʵҲȷϾôһ¡
ʵȷʵϴ뿪ʱҪǿࡣ
˵ͷղѾоǸ֤ʵе롣
ǿѽȻ̶̼֮ڣʵʵķԾǶѾԶԶϵܵĶˣѹղгҪȥҰǸϼһϼһҪԵͷˡ
뵽һЩ飬ŷͻȻԳЦ·ԿͷǼܿĵ顣
׵һЩҲԲĶ֣ҿղӣȥҲֻΪĻƺб飬ΰҹһˡ
ͬеĵ˵ͷҲһ˿ֵɫ
뿪񻷷֮ܿϵ˱ŵˣǲһܾɻ˶һֱշлضʵ̫鷳ɻʱɻȽϷһ㡣
صϤĶûеһʱȥ˰ңȻص˼УָĶһȥڴ·ıŻأϷ½
ʲôﲢħ̵½µӰħ
֪ʵ½ʱȵʵ
һֱ綼Ϊ½ѳ½֮Ǻħ̵˽͵һ𣬽ħ̵׳ʵû뵽½Ȼħ˺Ƥ˳ȥŻٶѪ̡
ϧѪӦʷѪˣûʽͱţһˣֱ˵һɶ
½ˣ½ҲˣЩѪӡӰħҲѪ֮ʴĲˣҲ˶ãǾ뿪ɢˣû½࣬ЩҲƲʲôˡ
˵ͷһѪһʼȷʵǺħ̺ħ̳Ѫǵֹ˺ԼתѪ񹦵½ѾЩѪ˳˻ģٶǲٳˡ
̫ˣ
˵һ֣½վص˼ôĻħѾԶϱ۰ʧȥ½ԼѪǵǿԮֻܿʵйƻЩ壬վսʱѾǰˣ
սʱȷʵòżˣħڵʵϿԿ϶Ķ֣ΨһҪСľǻ᲻ʲôطº֣ԺٶҸȼ
˵ͷһ˿ǵĹԣ⼸ħ̿϶׼ĺ֡


996 ҹð
ħʵǿʱ򣬻ʵ˥˵ʱ򣬶᲼ڶĺ֣ԺɽʱʹãΪʲôħ̺δսȴûдоԭ
˵ĵطннĵطззĵطȻĵĹض䣬һıˣ߻ħһ׵ˣǸʱаħĵ·ҲͲΪˡ
ħʲôʱ򶼲ȱֻ֮Ҫʵʱһͻԭ֮ϯ֡
ʲôʩֻҪǡںܳʱħ̧ͷ²ܳ׵ħ̣Ҳ޶ȵضֹħʱ䡣
ˣħ̲úֵֶһʮֵĹأǾҪҲ޴ӷ𰡣
½¶һ˿ɫ˼
ϸǣһֻҪԭƻжУħ̵ĺֽнɣҲܲһЩ
΢΢һЦû˵ʲô뿪˱š
ڼƻǰˣһѰҵʮ˳ʵҲ˾޴ʱ۳ԱӿȷϿλõˣʱֱ֪ͨǰȥˣʲô鷳Խ
ϣڼ㼸Ů֮żŮһ죬뿪˼ңһǰ˰ҵأ﹩Ű棬Ȼ˵ǴӰһſʼԻĹɲĥ
ҹУôվڰϿգ·ƻͨأʹѾҹʮ֣ɵǰҵӵܻѵıĴѲߣʮֵƣһҪֽȥЩѡ
һʶ͸ⶼɨһȦûκεһǻܹùʶɨ裬صĹһŵĳʶ֮С
ûʲô󷨿ΪṩԸֵʶֱǸһ˿ҵһزסκεܡ
ڣֻһһλϢǿߣǴ͸¶ϢԣҪŷ޻ǹǿ󣬺֮ǰҲǲಮ٣Ȼ˾ǰ棬Ψһﵽͨİˡ
ǼղɨһȦ֮ûзֶߣƺûзڰһҲżֻҪ֪ڰңҳģ˽аʾ֪ˣǰ
һѾӿʧˣ֮Ѿվڱչİǰⶼţ֪Ľˣֻʹһ򵥵Ĵǽѡ
ȻΪ˱ʹĸֲĴ죬ǰΪʱĸӦȻϢҽֻдʹָղŴ죬ĵطȫĵҲ㣬ҲȻԡ
ҲȻǵסĴǽ׵ľͷֿҲ֮Уڱչؿ޵İûзѾһˡ
ڹĦһȦ֮΢Цվ˰ǰ
졣
ĺһôվɿ壬˿Ľš
һ֮󣬰̾˫ۣǰȻվһλ˵ʱһ˿ŵɫ˲˰Ժǻϵܿ창Ϳסϻָ˵Ȼӡ
Ǻˣôģ
ƽʵʶƵʮû˿ŵļ
ܲѹʵŷҪ߳һݶͺܲ򵥣нʱյĵλĹϵҲǷֲġ
ĵ˵ͷ˭ӦţֻǸʱܲûз϶ѣǰҲһڣ֮ǰһֱûʱһǾһ˰ɣ

۾΢΢һУȻ˭ͷת˼֮һ˵ӰͻȻǰصһǸҲ
ֻٰʵЩ仯ѡ
ȻһЦ
ʵɲ֪Щ仯仯̫ˣϷһӣû֣ͨʵҲǿ־أֱǺţ
ҡҡͷЩ˼˵ʹˣ֪ʵ֮ҲѹֲסĵľȺ𺳡
ɲǽ׵ͨʵ֮ͨҲǷǳǿˣϢĽ֮оͿɼһˣܰ쵽ҲûͨôģⲢʵ
ʵЩ̣ͬˮۣˣǲʵ;еһһ߷ѣʵǿһЩҲǱߵԶһЩѣûʲôֵýģ顣
ҡҡͷѻ˻
ʲô飿
ƽʵ
һӦҲѾµˣŷ֮ǰҹǼ飬ҪĻ⿪һڵĹݾ綾
ֱ˵˵ĨǵôȦӡ
Ļ֪ľֻһ꣬˵ҪҪδҲ̫ԵһЩɣ
һ۾΢΢һգ
ҲںףĻ㰽һȥĻᡣ
ҡͷһЦȻϴЦݣȴǳ׵ı䣬ǰԸΣߵвңЩҿɶûͰˣĻֻǰ֮һ
µʵȻǿĪǻĳԶҰҲɣ
˻һɫҲˣڣһʱ䣬ûб˵в޼ɵвΪ룬ƽ˶ģٴμ
ʵжǿڰͶˣٺϻʲôȭͷӲ
죬ҿ㰽ң£㻹бQ⣬ûκεϣҪ԰Ҷ֣һ֮ڣؽκλŵ飬һֻӶС
ƽ˵ϲû͸¶ʲôǿ尽죬ֲŭ̬Ѿð켫Ϊľ裬ǿ쵽ڶҳ־Ϳɼһˡ
ЩС֪µ㣬ĻҲԵҺ֮ǰծˣ㻹Ҫʲô
ԺתһڻǲҪĺãǿѹеŭ⻺ʵ
һʲôĶǰղصһһδƻĶһϾɵҪǸֻҪĻǸҺͰ֮ǰĶԹȻһʹ
һЦ˵
Ͼɵ
΢΢һ㶣ͷӳ˹˵ǸŹֵһֱ˴˵̺ܣ֮ǸΪҵȥģ֪ʲô


997 綾ų
ðǸģ
ЩĿ˰һۣΪܹ쳣֪ҲԷֲʲôɽĶ۷ʱڵûܽ⿪ָİأ˵Щڶﲻĵˡ
ȷʵǵõҵ⣬ŻȥǸ˵壬ϵ˥ڻδչ׳ʱ˳ȥ׳󰽼ʵ֮Ѱ˶һ
˵ͷһ˿˵˵ļֵҪԶԶ䱾ļֵҪ벻ֻΪǸŶɣû´Ļ֪̺ܣҲǸеܣ
Ǵ창Ի͵ˣ˲˵ȷʵܣҲûã˵ڵʵʵٱǧҲܽ⿪ܣܹ⿪ܵˡ
һЦû˿žʵƿ֮󣬺ܶѾмȥˡ
ܽ⿪
ɵĿһۣȻ֪̺ܣڣѾ֪շת˶˵֣Ҳû˵˭⿪еܣȻǻʵԣΪҪѡ
ʧȥ첢ûʲô᲻õĵطԼ˵ļԶԶĴ䱾ļֵʧȥҲûʲôô׵ʧȥϾһҲ˲ٵ˼
֪㲻ţΪѾ̫ãõ˸ȴû˽⿪еܣΪǲǶԵˣԶҲ޷⿪
΢΢ҡҡͷ֡
ֵĿʱָʲôûۼķӦȻҪ֣ɻʱֵʳָͻȻһɫ뵹⻪һö͹صĽָͳ
Ѿģĵİ죬ָĵһۣоǿһ£ΪָĲʺĲʿһģһʱóöָȻ޵ķʸôָͱȻŹϵ
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ϸĴһָʵ
ӦѾˣָĲʺһģһΪǱһףӵ˽ָָָҵԾ㲻ҳҲҵעҵĶ
ȻһЦʳָϵĽָٶ뵹⻪ʧܰ࿴һ۽ָҲֻĬĬ̾Ϣˡ
ԭѾӵ˽ָղŵΣҲ˽ָʹ÷Ҳ˵Ķԣ㡣
˼һ֮󣬰ٶȿڵʵܲ;ѾȡĳɾͣҲӦĵˣǰʲôԲסĵطϷǣҴӦĻͻ͵ӴͰҵĶԹһʹϣسŵ
ģһмڳҶԸûκεĺôҲĵȥԸǣ㻹ҪһˣǰɱǵҵͷϣȻ˵þҪѵѵˡ
Ŀһ۰
İɣһȥģԺ󰽼ҵ˾Բ㡣
̾˿ҡҡͷ
һ֮ţ󰽱˴ţһһС˽СĺװĻĺװ
ĵһۣʳָϵĽָͲܿƵ˳뵹⻪ϵ½䣬·ʧɢֵһ㣬ָѾЩ಻סĵļ
һĻǼʶİҲǴûмģʱĿҪδ
ʵҲǾȣû뵽ָһ֮Ȼ󣬲ҪշĹ̫ԶҲֻܸɿŶѣӺ֮ͽս˽ָ֮УǶĻȻҲ
ĿʧôԤ׵ʧˣǿʵȻΪʲôϷƾԴҲ벻ͨν
סղ˵ĻҲϣԺ󰽼в۵ȻĻͱҲˡ
һ仰˵꣬ξڰǰɢ˿ȻѾ뿪ˣԭصĲǸӰˡ
첢û˵ﾲĹ˺óʱ䣬ε̾˿ı۾ʼ
ǲĵˣõİ취Ǵ˼ҵĵ⣬˼ʵǿֻҪǵ˼ҵͷϣ˼ȻҲԵ޹ʵԸ㣬֪һ󣬰Ҳ˿
õĻûлصУҹӶϵ񻷷壬ĻŷС
ӱչŷޣǰĻ֮󣬶ʱȵ۾Ϊ뿪񻷷廹һĹ򣬾ȻѾõĻʲôʱ򰽼ҵǸô˵ˣ
ŷɻЦŰ˰֣ʾԺп˵
ôϸ磬Ļǲǿýҩˣ
˷ʵ
ȷʵǿԿʼýҩˣеĲ϶Ѿռȫˣ͵ĻҩḶ́ȴҪϵܵİһ˵ĻҲ»ʧܣĻķǺܶ࣬ÿһʧܶ˷ѡ
Ӵ֮ŷҲӱߣ˵
޷Ҫôϣϸ羡˵ˡ
΢΢һЦ
˾ͽҩõ̽һڶһʱ˾ͿʼҩĵĴҲһԹۿȻҩ֪ʶǶ̫࣬Ҳһ߹ۿҩ̡
ˮһĴҩĵַԨҩѧ֪ʶôܵĹ̥书ߵףȻ²ӵҩѧ̶ܾͨȣʥҩ֮£ǺεȾ˵裡
Ҫ֪ŷΪʥҩĹǿǽҩ֮࣬Ż˻ҩѧ֪ʶûŷ֮һȴ书Խŷ޵ͬʱҩѧ֪ʶҲһԽˣֱǲ˼顣
ûȹӾ̾лعŷޣѾ׼ýҩǰڲ裬һǿ¯ҩ䷽ϸó
ŷʥҩټõũٲݾʹطҩѧţýҩĹȻӣоյĳɹˣŷ޵ָʾ湫𳹵׵ų˵ڵĹݾ綾
綾ȻųˣǹʵҲյһӰ죬ʵԼ½ң۵˾䣬Ͼͨû̫ʱ䣬ɲǷǳȹ̡
ǳʱס˹ĵű˾Σա


998 ׼
Ĺݾ綾õƵĽ񻷷סһʱ䣬۲һûжط⣬Ͼݵþ綾ʮֺŷҲûаܹһųɾеöء
ڽⶾ֮뿪ˣһʱ䣬ȫطȥʣµļû̫⣬ֻһȽϴÿλ޾ڡ
һԶһϡϡΪҪÿԴ֮һһֱǸܱöκηǷϡԴΪܵóͷ
þʮֽ۳Աڿʱᵱֵע⣬ǲóԱмӣ˫һóͻ۳Ասȡһʤսʱ򣬾ͱԷѹˣֻ֮㱨
ϵʱԱԷʮ߶һɽͣʹøܿըһѾˣҲ֧ŵʮּѡ
Ƕз˺ܴãڿѾץˣ֧ŵ
ټӰѾǵ־Ҫˣ벻ĵ߾Ȼʹ֣ǱߵзҲûȥǴһעⲻҪ֣
һвϷŻ湥ð˴ӹЦֲֻͣŷûӶŵĻݺݵ·Ѿҡҡ׹֮ϡ
ʮҲһЦŷŹʮ˼Ĺʮ־ˣ֧ôãҪлǿз
ƣ׹
ʱ򣬰˴˫ָ߾ٹͷһž޴ĻͷϿֱͣﵽ˾ңɢľΧĿŤˣ߶ı˿
άַˣһȥСɽȻ˰߰
ǰղŻ˵Сһ㣬ҪǸ֣ڿһȥǸҲסˡ
ʱȫƵάϣûʲôϵ
ʹһУΧ߸ɴ඼ͣÿŴӷ
·۳Աʱɫһ䣬ɽķΧʮֵСʱܣȻߵùټлһѾˣӵóȥ
ӵʱ䣬άͷϿž޴ûѾͶٶȴһʼûԽԽ죬޴ѹûнٵͷʱѾǰˡ
ԭѾҡҡ׹֣Ӵѹ¶ʱ˿һӰ˸ºʧ۳Աһ˿֪ڽˣһеȫʤʱҲҪֲܽ
ҪˣӼ۵õһҾѾԤϵһõֻû뵽һô졣
ٺ٣һ죬һҲãֻǲڸŶӳˣҲڽܶӳָˣһѺþ簡ӳʵôǿȴô
ǰûһþ磬һһֱ쾳أ
һ̣˳׵÷̹ȻӭõǱ޸ĸù¶Ȼûôø黳ΨһЩҲǺ齨ͥˡ
ԽԽתۼѾ˵ͷϿգһ̾Ҫ޴Ҳһ̣ͣһɲǼ䣬Χʱ·ֹͣת
˵˺һỰһʼûӦֱһ˾֣ôôûûʱ̧ͷһգŷһӰվǵͷϿա
ӳ
Ƕӳ
ٵǰһ̣ǧһ֮ϵֳһ䷨ͶסǸµôһ֣ʱƾɢ˿
Ȼǻʣڻϵյ÷棬Щӵ߲֪ǿȥûϵ󺣶ʩչöɽڸ֣ƾһͿóˡ
ΪǰʮǧǶԸһССûûκε⡣
˭
ܱ˻ּƽˣά̾ĺһЩ룬ͬʱҲΧ˹άΧڳ˱׼ս̬
ߣ˭ǻûʸʣĿĲΪǵϡ󣬶Ҫ£δҵˣдȣûаѻ˵Ҳ׷ǵΣ̴ҵǰʧ
һߣ˵
ô˵ǲЩ̫ˣ޴½ǻģκ֮ôҪһأ˵˵߾ߣǲҲ̫ˣ
άʱԷ̬˶ӣΪԲܾôưոݵãԺʲô߶ܹ޴½ˡ
鲻Ҫά᱾ðȫ޾ڶǵọ̃ǵ֯һ羳֯ڵóԱǹڶֻ࣬ܲᣬᵱҲָȨѡ
һþûаǷ
һЦһĨһѩĹâʱէԶСɽͷһӣǵâٶȲ䣬һȺǵѩùâʲôûܿΪʵ̫ˡ
ĺǳ⣬ʱöһȺߴŭһ̾;ۼʹ㹥ȴά
άԷǣǾôˣԺ̧ͷ
ߺ۾óŹάһ¡
嶯
άһͺȣһɨղűնСɽͷ
ǿѹеû˳Źά߿˹ȥһжʱ˰أΪСɽͷʱѾᵹ¶ԽԽ˳ɽ»
ˣ
һ뻮һ̿ˮ߼˾㤵һĻ֮󣬶ʱһûƢ뵽˸ղһҪնԼϣ󱳶ʪˣʵ̫ˣ

ҡҡͷάһ£߶ת˷򣬷ɿ뿪Сɽһ֮ʧӰˡ
·۳ԱҲһĻȻ֪ʵʮǿ󣬵Ǹոһеǳǵ󣬾ȻһնСɽͷ⻹ʶ书
Ҫ
һ˵ǰͳһԪصóԱ£һڵƣֻһӶù˶Ѿָѵ״̬оԭҪӵǿ
ӳǱߵѾ׵ˣʵҲѾҵˣǷھ͹ȥ
ָ֮һ۳Ա̻㱨
ţж
˵ͷ


999 չ
һȺ֮۳ԱĴºܿ龧٣۳Ա渺𾯽䣬ǽȥʼռѾ龧֮˲뿪
ֱǶ֮˲ٶ˹ϸĿһά˻㱨սص㣬ۼһնСɽͷ˾̽Ϊ߻ܣϽκ
ǰһһµʱ䣬ܱȫ֮أռ˺龧ҽЩ龧ȫᴿɹŻص˶
ʱħΪ֮ǰ½⣬Ѿһʱ΢һЩҲ˷ߣʱల£Ҳôһʱȥħ̵ˣֻҪܹ׳ɹһжʲô⡣
ص˶֮Ϳʼ׼˱չصˣһ׼չһֱɹ׽֮ŻأչصĵصͶڵ龧緢֮صĸɽ
λɽڲ˹һ޴Բα飬ÿʮ־ͻӿףͻǵ龧緢⴦طѾעܾˣ֮ǰʵ㣬һֱûȥϸĲ̽
һ˱չؿޣ˵ѾǼˣѾٹȣȥҪʳʲôԵĺȵ֮ĶȻǲҪЯˡ
֮ǰֱ˼ŮûиҪȥʲôֻ˵Ҫչһʱ䣬ܹɹĻһȫµľ磬һԽеߣʷǿľ硣
ŮͶøˣɹκλȷʵ;ѾȡĿĳɾͣ˵Ȼӵ˵
ľӶҲѾɹŽ޷ԽӣӴ˸ŵİȫˣۺһִĹӶţѾȫ磬˹Ӷľеľ
Ȼʵǿ󣬵ⷽ沢ûͶ̫ľȱڸ涼Ϊ綥ĴţٻΪһЩ鵼ϵƵ
ͷЩ˶Ѿ¼֮УȻǲ˵ˣƶЩľӢԱʮֵŴŵԱۺ첻ѡ
źЩ֮һ뿪˶ߵʱ˭Ҳû֪ͨĵ뿪ˣֻһŶѣ꣬˾꣬ٻ
Ҫ뿪ôʱ䣬ŮȻǼΪ᲻õģ˵ءЩδŮˣþɳƶƲסĵıˣ˺óһʱ䣬ϰû
ԭҲһֱǵߣ֪һֱڣʲôһ绰ҵҪȥչأȴ绰Ҳͨˣû֪׽ļŮҲ֪
ʱ仺ţתۼȥˣＸŮı仯ܴ󣬵סŵǸҲѾտҲֻʣɫֵļҾߣ㼸ŮѾ뿪ѧУԻص˼Уµƪ¡
ʫҲ뿪ʵңŸȥʥҩǰʦŷޣʼǱҩŷָͨ㣬ټʥҩиҩﲻʫϱ֮ʣٶȷɿ죬ʱµϱʮĹ򶼲ֹ
ŮҵʺԼķʽ˼ѹĵףЩ飬ǻָᷢ޷ѹж˼ΪߣԴҶʶһ㣬Ĵ뿪ʱһĸ֡
µɽ˹
һ޼ʵı̫ҫĹâѰߣһīһĹͻѩä֢۱ĿⷴĲᣬֹ߶Դ۾˺ܴй߾˶֪һ㡣
۵ʱ򣬱ȴһߣ˴һɫĳۣƮݵĳͦεˣ˺׾뵽Ŵ͡
ĵһ֮󣬴ڱͣôĬȻվԭأһĿգ۵·ûκεӰ졣
Լȥʮӵʱ䣬ͻȻһĲһ΢ĹâӱһΪ淴ŴĿĹâԸעⲻ΢ĹâǵվӰȴͻȻͷȥ·𿴵ǵ΢Ĺâ
ڹâ֮󲻾ͣžһӱ漤ֱնȥٶޱȣ˵ͨˣʵһЩ֮ˣ¶עⲻ
ȵľ㣡
ǵӰЦһֶŶԿһץһͻȻһţȵſʱһ龧ĵ
ˣʱѾں۷壬ٽһǽڵľ磬ҪѰһչͻƵĵطõĵطǲȥطˡ
վʧ֮õһֱﾲĵıչ֮ѡΪʱʱľͻӿЩ˵ʲôڵȴǲɶõıˡ
˽ָİЩй¶ľȫָ£ĵ֮ڣʱȥˣЩй¶İѾɹĽڵȫΪ˾֮Һ̬
ֻҪٽһЩҺ̬ͻ̻ɵĳΪڵߡ
׽ڵĶǺܴڵȱ˳ĹӦ֮£ǻС࣬Ͼ׽ڵʱҪմᵤɵĽ𵤲Żȹ̡
ͻƽڣûôգֻܻһʱᴿ֮龧һ󷨣龧̺˿ӯܣͻʱʹá
󷨲õλþ˹֮ϣÿ绹й¶ľգЩй¶Ҳᱻսȥ֮ѾˣѾʱ䡣
ڽΪͨ۷֮󣬲׼֮Уһͻơ
֮ǰһʱоһ˹·󷨣ĽҲÿڤ˺õȥλڱ·ȻǺʮͬһ֣֮Ҳλ󷨵֮֡
ܱ·ԶԶûʮҲڵܹƽģܵһҲʮ֮ߣǺܶļҪǿΪ֧ţûʵһж̸
˷һµʱֻ֮εʱԼֺõ󷨿ʼ׼ͻƽڡ
ս״̬۷֮󣬾ڵصƾճһСƿװŵڤ͸ϵá
һϵҩЧ̿ʼɢϵϢ˲ʧӰ٣׵Ľŵ״̬


1000 ңˣ
ŵ˹һĵԡ£Ŀ겻ĺ㣬Ͽ˿ټͷ·Ľ䣬û˻ط
֮Ѿֹȥʱ䣬󷨱Чᱩ¶磬׵ʧڿУ¾˴߹ᷢ־Ȼ˾ﾲչء
һ죬̫߻ƶÿʱֵӿȴЩ죬ΧĿ͸һֲͬѰѹѹ·з·Ӵӿ֮ϡ
û˵ĴڣҲû˷쳣״ʱٽʱ򣬱ͻ
һԭյĴ鸽ͻȻƾճ˵ǿޱȵЩûκԤ׵ĳ֣˲γһ޴磬ԭյҲһ˲ӿֳ˴Ƭƣ·ԭҫޱȵıҲ
𽥵ĸգڻʱкһγ˹Ͽգûгֹ쳣
ذʱֵ·һģĹӰ˳һ͸ǹһĶԭһֱǴε״̬ƺܵΧĴ̼˳
͸͸Ĺ֣ӿҲ˳Щ룬һӰڷӿͬʱϵӿӰڣʱţڵԽԽ٣ǵӰչˡ
ʮӵʱ䣬ЩڹʧԭӰֵĹҲͽ͵˼֮󳹵׵ʧ¶澲Ӱǰչ״̬
ʱıȴЩأ˿ûҪͻƽڵϲãΪ龧̺ɽԾɲһЩһ粻ȥԶҲ޷ˣϾϵ龧Ѿȫչˡ
Ȼڵʵ͵ϵ߱Ѿǿ˲֪٣ⲢҪĽҪĽڣȻ뿪ȥһظǿʵڵһеĽ
ڵҺ̬ʱѾѹ˼ޣһȭͷСԲ״Բû̵˼ǽҺ̬͹̬֮䣬ԶԶһŽ𵤣Ҫ𵤣ҪעС
нǿԲѾʼҡҡ׹߽ʱһͻȻԤ׵Ĵ˹·ӿ˳ʱֵˣ
ϵı΢΢һɣָ̽һƾս˵УһѵԲ򣬲һޱȵľȴ𵤣ͻƵڵľ硣
ÿʮ֣ӿֻ࣬һЩѣڵ˵ǱˮнٶȽ޷ڵѾԲҪʱ򣬳õĽָͻȻ΢΢뵵Ĺ
ڵĽָ棬һ֮µĺɫͻأĳ֣âһͽ˹·ôһ˲䣬Χʱ·ֹͣһ䶸
ǿҵȪһӿľϵĴµλóţͻı仯ڽŰ취ҲЩסˣû˷̫ʱȥ˼ΪʲôҪǸϽЩͻƽڵ
ӿľİڵԲ̿ʼ˲ͣѹһȭͷС˲һСٶѹȵôѹƺ޵Ľȥֱͻ˾֮һȻڴ˳
һ̣ڴõҲЩʧˣƮŵһɢ΢΢͸𵤣ֻСĴָôСȴ̺ǿ֮ȻĽЩһչѾ˽𵤣ٶȽ˽ڵľ磡
Ļڵľ磬²ӿЩĳ̶ȻҪԭǿŰ˼ǣһȻֻоżǣһߵǵĲ룬Ѿõõ֤ʵ
־˼ϵգڸĽڿٵĹţܿʹһСĴָС˼СһͨĽҪزҲҪһĿޡ
ӿ緢Ϊղ꣬ʵ̫ˣԽЩȫգ뵽һͣЪĹпٵĲһ󷨣ûãһ̻á
ν̻Ҳǽ˹̬洢ȥ󷨱Ҫǿʵ߶ѹɲһɵ飬󷨱򵥵ĸһ£ͳЩ߶ӶһϢѭ
ӿһʱͣһ쾫ȻѾͻƵ˽ڣٶȼֱǲ˼飬˽֮ͲڼȥˣǿʼרĵĹΪԼٿ󷨲ϵʯ
һ֮󷨣µǵӿȪҲʧˣǰǶһСѶϰٿŵʯ
Щʯ֮ǰ龧ɴһÿһ鶼ͨ徧Ө͸ɢŹû˿־̺Ӵ޷ȫǾ˼ʯȵĻЩʯȫﵽƷʯƷʡ
ɹ˽֮ԭҲƽЩʯջ˽ָ֮ʶ̽˽ָ֮С
ʵǵͬʱָڵĿռҲ࣬Ƭĵط³ʶ֮Уܻ޷ָڲĿռ䣬ҪԪӤںһٶָڵ˵ҲѾ㹻ˡ
ѾĿռڣ˺ܶռĵرʯ֮ĶҲ˲٣ǹһ˿Ц⣬ͷһһоͳһͨɢӨ͸
ѽͨ·кɣﲻͣ˿˿Ƶĵɫ˿ߣۼȻʮֵƯֻһƷѣռҲֻΪƵַȽ⣬Щļֵѡ
ͽ㺮˪ɣһʱҪһ𲢼սˣ
΢΢һЦָƳһξѪξѪϢ˺˪У͸Ľ̶һ˿磬ѳز£һ
һףһѾվ˺˪ϣٶȾ˵ʧ˹֮ϣ뿪֮ƵֵıҲٶȻصԭŵģһз·δһ
֮ڶƣλ񻷷ʫϣڲμݻҦˣɢڸԺＸͬʱʱ֮ãٶϤûһܹĵУ˲Ѿ¡


1001 
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վڿеļҾ϶˲ףЩһźĻҳȻǺܳʱû˾סˡ
ķ䣬һ˲һֻĸоԴĸ֮ѾܾûָоˣʱŹȥ꣬ȴǹȥ˺ܾá
ϣϡĵط׽ʵ̫ˣռп龧Ҳ޷ۼ㹻ڣ˹ͻȻӿ˴һεĽ׿϶ѾʧˣԺҲпܳɹˡ
Բ׵ĳɹһʱҲΪĸпΧɳĲףͻȻЦĿʼʰƿЩףĿʼɨô˵ҲסĵطҲļң֮ܲҪ뿪ˡ
ڴɨʱ洫һ̶ɲһ͵Ĵ߸Ьһ̤̤죬һһӰ˿ڡ
㡭
һϵŮƣӵ֪ͨһĻ鶼ȡˣֱӴӹʻĸϵǰסı
˿Ҫ˵ڵƣȴǿһЩİıӰվڿŸոմӼҾϲĲס
һϮ°ɫۣһͷƮݵĳ󣬾ӰЩİǹϢȴƳ˼ĺˣһƾԲῴҲԲָ֪Ĳ
ˣһǧ˰ٶҹҹ˼ˣʱվǰʱȴЩˣڿУ촽ĲţȴһҲ˵ˮѾģۿ˳չ¡
ƣһˡ
Ӧ΢΢Ҳ΢΢һٶת΢΢һЦ
ǸϤˣǸϤϢֻΧһѾ˷ǣʱԸıܶ飬ƣǶûԭ̤ǲϵǰУĵ·ûͣһֱš
˼ҹݣȻϹˮĺۼȴǳҸЦݣǰӵ˻С
Һ㡣
˼ʱ̣ȴȻƽһжڲ仯Ϊˮ飬սȵؿڣ˵
Щ꣬ˣһλкö໰Ҫ˵ȴҶ̸֮
ĸƵ㷢ΪĦ޵ԵʣƵɶǰû˿ı仯ûκκۼһоͷ·𶨸ʷ֮С
òҲûʲô仯ͷ䳤ûκεĲˣȻҲ΢ıһЩִЩ·ˣϴŵ°ɫĳۣһƷһ¡
ٶȻָ˽ڵΪ֮ҲһЩͨķóʹˣ߽׵ķڻûǸ߶ǳ׵ķʹûʲô̫⣬ܵʮֵ΢˴ʯʹ֮һѾԺԲˡ
Ѿ׵˽ڵΪͱͬʿҪ࣬йԭ򣬻оٸҲеĹؼأʹڽںڵʿΪҪҲǼΪˡ
ڵ׵Ĺ̻һԪ𵤣еϢ˽֮ڣѾκεĶߣȫȫһͨˣκμķ޷ϵϢǸ߾
֮ʮ˳ȻѾ֮
ӵƣʶһ̽Ѿ֪ڵΪƶԣٶѾǺܿˣҲЩȡ
ţ֮Һ˳˺ѣûµʱ򾭳һСһôٵٶȣǶ˺ָ㡣
˵ͷ
ԭͳ쾳һָ㣬ƺҦߵһ𣬲ҳΪ˺ܺõĽãο֮ҲûĻɢԼķʽȥɹѹء
˵ŻʱдһĺԵĿԷֱͬһ̶ɲͬʱڱſͣ
㣬Ҳˣ
ϦҲ
ǵģǼõô
򿪳ţء㡢ҶϦͬʱ˳Ҳǰһûκεı仯ʱǵϷ·ʧȥһ㡣
˵ʲôأ㻹ô죡
ҶϦͬʱһأ첽߽˱
ʱ䶼ˣҲͲƵĴɨˣһӣеĲͬʱһ΢ƾھеĻҳ˳ᵯ˵ָͷϸ緢˿ˮھһɲǼͱĻȻһ¡
ߵ˱ſڵŮɿһĻ˶ȵĵɴ˫ۣڵ书Ҳ֣ҶϦѾ쾳Ҳֻ֮ΪиеͶѣǵǸͨˡ
书Ѿ˺˽ǣһĻķҲǾò˼飬ƺѾ书ķ룬ǵϵѧˣƺһָĪζ
ΪؼЩʱ˿ûиӦ·һжȻһ΢硢ϸּ꣬ѣȥ߶ǣæһ
һ־׵ķʹͬĽҲ޷Ȼͣǵǿľɲǰģڷһϵǵ;붼ĸ
ǿԦЩ;ķȻʹǵӦ֡ʹָˡ
Ƕˣ¡
ɳϣ΢΢һЦһ輸ƾճ˼̣װŵˮǼŮûмʵ
αչػƺǰкܴͬˣﲻͬҲ˵Ǹоһ
ŮĿһۣ֪ǻΪղϷ
ԺһЩһһʮǣȴҶ֮˵
ͷһЦ˸ӡ
ðɣЩ㶼ȥˣôһϢûУ
ҶϦʼ磬ΪʱҶҲǲñ¶̫ԣֻܲˡ
һֱŷǰȥŷ޵ʱ﷢һܲĵطٶȱطҪһЩԾһʱ䣬һֱɹء
ŵ˵һЩݣûȫ˵ڼʱ⼸ŮҲ½ĸ˹
⻹Ůһȫľۼһ𣬾м䣬һԵЩн
ЩҲøˣҾžͺá
˵ͷ˵


1002 ̹
ŮΧߣһʱԵЩأǶ֪ʱҪ˵һʲô򵥵顣
ʵЩߣŮͻٵķһЩ쳣ˣԵľԶ˵ٶȣȫԳ֮Ϊǰ޹˺ߣµ츳ûгֹ
ʱŮûʲôΪҲ͸¶ʵʱЩǣȻھʱˡ
ҪǵҵݣҲ
΢˼һ˻ϻӣһ仰Ů׵ˡ
ѵѾ߻ħһԼ
ҶϦһعֵʵ
ȻǣʶǰˣҲֻͱ˰ɣ
ҡͷһЦʶҵʱѾңԭǸѾˣֻȡݣˡ
ʱԺʱҾ;Щ֣ΪԸǰȫһòһ̶ȵı仯ҪҺʶҲȷݡ
ĵ̾˿˵ʱ¥ˤҽԺ˺ܾòǾȻһҲ˾ƵĸоȷʵһЩ仯ϵı仯ʵ̫ˣȫһˡ
ǰǺľګҲǺԱһˣȷʵһ㶼ϡ
ƱҲһԵ˵ͷ
һδ¥ˤʱ򣬾ѾˣҾǸʱռ壬ҳɹں˴󲿷ֵļ䡣
˵ʱҸյܶණϤҪһȥǸʱҵʧѾûԱҪȶи˽⣬ܸõӦ硣
㲻ǵˣˣ
ҶϦ־ȵĵɴ۾˼ʵĸģôģ
һڰ˳ɵҡͷʧһЦ
Ϧ廰žͺá
ҶϦҡҡͷ
õ˵Ļ˵ȷʵˣҲ࣬棬Ƿֲڲͬ򣬱˴֮ңԶľ룬ûǿʵ޷֮ĿԽϵĿƼ̫ˣԵ̶ȡ
˵һǿߣΪڶɽٵʱʧˣֻʣһƲлӵ˵֮ϣǿᴩʱգҴңԶһֱӵ˵֮ϡ
ǸʱҵֵλþҽԺĸܵһոŵҾ̽ŲƵǸڣס壬ҲռǾ壬ڿ
ٵǿǿҵ;󲿷ֵ֮ٸˣʣһ˿֮ûЯҪָǰϼѣڵϡĵط
ߣҲ书֮𣿡
Ʊʵ
Ҳô˵书ֻͼʽѣ޷ﵽǿľ磬Ҫﵽߵľ磬ҪǿĹЩһǸ֮֮󴴳Ķϵ̫ϡ֧ĸֵ
˵ͷΪʲôе˶ྪž޵ĸ֣ȴʼûһܹﵽ߾ԭߵľҲǾͨѣ޷ߵľ緢̡
ô˵ĻѾͻͨ
ʶ˼
һҾȥչͻֻͨͨ澳ĵڶ󾳽еһѣһ֮ͽںڣںڵʱڵﵽ˼£ôͻһŽ𵤣Ӷﵽ󾳽ڡ
Ŀһۣ˵ںȣϵʵҪϷǳ࣬ǿ֣ͨҲߵĶ֣Ϊ۴ӹϣǴڵϣЩԶԿߡ
Ϊͻƽڣռ龧龧̺˴ʵʯʯ̺ž龧еȴǺ٣Ҳûа취ѡڵתΪԶҲ޷Ľڡ
ﵽ˽ڣ񲻾µһˣ
ǻϡŹֵͷҶϦԴð
ڵϣȷʵԳΪµһڵʵָˣҵĶ֡
΢΢һЦ˵ͷﵽ˽ڣҵѾԾһ磬ǿķԲǼ򵥵书ԱģǿķԴݻҾܹһ㡣
Ƽķ𣿡
ᵽҶϦʡ
ĵ񻰹УЩɵԭ;ߣֻһЩʵǿ߶ѣǳ֮࣬ɳ壬ÿһַĵطʹ򵥵ķҲܹΪǸ˴ġ
ڷʵ⣬Ҫ˵Ůˣĸ֣ܺȼҲ࣬ķžǿǷܹġ
ΪʲôʩչأҲû˵зĪҲΪԭ򣿡
ŮУҪ˵Եĸߵͣ϶ڵһλˣ̾뵽˹ؼĵط
Ķӣ书˸޷ششĶ书ͣĽ׶ΣֻͼʽȻҲͲķ
˵ͷǽܹ֮֮ͨһƤëʩչһЩǶǵķҲԱ
䣬΢̧һϸСĵɫƾ𣬻籾ûκε¶ȣʵĻӰһ㣬Ů֪ݣΪǰһĻֻħʦϷѡ
Ƿƺûʲôѽ
ҶϦָĴһһƻ磬ָôڻ֮ϣȴһ˺ûУֻǸоһ˿ڰΧָ⡣
ķҪշģߵľ磬ֻܷųȴܿƷ˵ԷԶԶûеҡ
ЦҡҡͷĵĵһС磬ɫĻ˲ԶϵӹϣֻϺõʵľ̶ɵӣһ˲Ĺͳ׵ˣ·ڹһ㣬ϵĻҽûһ˿
ǻϵߵǿ֮ҲֻܽյףҪʵֱǵҪôµ¶ȲУ
ֻǼ򵥵¶һ֣ѾŮ׵ľˣҪٻӹڳκһ˶һ˲佫ӹֱǾͲ˭ˡ
ӵ˾ĶֻǸղһƿһ㶼µСѡ


1003 
ĽŮҲʼ𽥽ǰʵһֵʵ
ʵһ㲢ûеôԽܣΪǽӴʼѾǱ任֮ˣ֮ǰĸ;ͻȻеı任ԶݣŮܿȫĽˡ
֮ȻͿʼǿ磬ҷɵߣǧٹֵ壬ԼǰľŮһһľЩû뿪˵ֱǲ˼
˽Ժ󣬺ܿͻ뿪˰ɣ
Ů˸߲ҵߵ֮ʱͻȻĵ̾˿ЩԹʵ
һ仰ÿڵ˲ǿߣƳ׷Ѱ·ϣ϶ֻʣһУߵֻߣͷˡ츳һЩ߶޷ദ̫ʱ䡣
һǿ߶ԣչһҲͻỨʱ䣬Ƕһˣһ;ߣѾһʱˡ
һ㣬ڳŮѾղŵĻﶮˣǿıܹһ㣬ûȥ̸⣬Ϊкһ˵ЩҲζŵʱ
ȷʵڽھҪ뿪򡣡
΢΢Ĭһ̧ͷָʵұҪȥ飬лкܶδ飬Ҫȥһһ϶ǲ̫ʱ䣬ĻǶģʺϸߵȼߴڡ
š
˵ͷȴûж˵ʲôֻеİôҲ޷ΣڳŮȻϵǳļ˵Ƽˣ˵ǻãҲѹȴǻûеＧ˵ĵز
磬ȻǸʮĵط˸ɾҲ˸ֲ˼Σգһ̤·Ҳû˻ͷأֻһǰһֱȥ
˵粢ãֻǿǾˣҵʵѾʶ磬壬еУܹҲ˰ˣ䵽˽زЩͨߣٶٵΣգÿһ춼ı
ôΣգΪʲôôҪȥ棿
һֱĬļͻȻʵ
Ϊ׷ļޣΪ׷Ϊӵ޵ÿһ̤ˣԼִź׷һûĿˣ޷׷ѰĿݼŵ·һֱȥ㷢ʱţϤһжȻʧȥָоһܹסġ
Ŀ˼һۣ˵ҴѾ꣬ߵˣѾʧʷĳУҲֻʣһ˶ѣʱ䣬ǧʱ䣬ҶҲǵָһ˲ѣҲұչһΣʱȥˡ
û˵ҲɽԼ˼˳ȥҪ뿪Ҳ棬ͻᷢһѾߵ˾ͷֹ¼źͼ尾û־ˣǸ޷֧Ŷõģܿͻٱ
Ҫʲô
ֱ˵ʵȫǼᶨζ
ҪÿһʺڶڣԾߵʺһ͵ĹľˮףԵࡣ
̾һôῴƵ˼뵢ŮӵഺԭӵƣûбҪ׷硣
֮һͿԽǰɣ
Ʋĵʵ
ڳҲƵ˼Ƕû˵ֻǾĿôش
зֲĻǱȽձģܶΪܽľǣҪߵżڵö֣ϣǾͺˡ
˵ͷ
һ˻ӵкܶ𣿡
ʱֵʵ
ţȷ˵ӵжߵĳ̬߶ӵȻЩѡһֱȽǿ츳ĺûͿֻӵһߣ츳õߣΪûţʱٶȻϺܶ࣬ԵȷҲ߳١
ϸĽһ飬˵һˣͨȫ־ȫȫûϣˣΪ޷֪ȫ֮£ͻɥʧָֻ֪Ϊͨˣ츳޷ͨɻ߼֣Ԫͨ˻᳤һЩϾҲ֮ˣֻΪ߰ˡ
ʱô֪һ岻߱ʣǺԼ
ҶϦɻ⡣
ԭʺϽڱ׷ɱʱ򣬿ʱս˵ʱһٵȻֻһ㣬ٵǿһ٣壬ֻǵʱȽϴæ廹಻ƵĵطҪҽ֮ռһЩϽи졣
΢΢һЦ˵
ܸ죿˶Խˣ
༸ŮͬʱʵȻԸʵһ˿ϣ
쵱ȻǿԵģҪѾ޴Ĵۣһ߿ǳܲۡ
֪ʲôҡҡͷԼ˵⸱壬һٵʣļе֮ǿĸɹкܶҪĽĵطȴĵ
ҲǶûʲôҵؽ٣½٣ͨؽ٣һپͻֱӻΪɻңֻصĻᶼûУؽӳ죬Ҳİ
ҵ֮൱ͬĸʮ֮࣬ΪһЩԭ򣬾ӳʱ֮Ѿ𣬵ʣ֮ʮֿɹۣȴǼĸϡ
ʮѣ˵ҪһЩǻѵĴʮֿɹۣõϵļֵĻһʺ˳Ѵ൱ʮš
ı󣬵Ůûʲô˵൱ʮŵĲƸ֮ʱŮʱһΪǶ֪һŵļֵʮڴˣֱ֡
ʺʲô취Լڵ
΢Ĭһʵ
ڵܼ򵥣֣ھͿʩչǵʲʺһ֪
ĵ˵ͷзһ䣬һůİɫ⻪ʱѾŮϡ


1004 һ
ķܼ򵥣Ҳڵ͵ȷûʲô̫ãֻܹڵԶѡ
ǵɫĹ⻪Ů֮Ů͸ɫһĹʣ϶ʵĹ⻪ҲζԾȫ߱·ʡ
Ů֮У츳õĵɢ˵ɫ⻪ɫ⻪Ƿˮ˫ʹҲʮˣǸȡӵĶ󣬵һõˣһ֣Ϊ˴ֶпܵ顣
һɫĵܹһɣԻͣѾżʣĵӣɴͷҲ˵Ĺȥ
˼⣬ܹлҦ˺ʫϣҦʫȻҲ֣ˮرǿĹ⻪΢΢˵ˮϵһʮ־˵츳
Ů⣬ŮʺϽڣȻȫҲʣֻ֣һе¶ѡ
ϵɫ⻪Ƶʱһ֪ĻҲѾʧȥˣΪһҵ۹Ůǿˣ˵ҪıʵĻȻεһЦеİȴҲڸǲȥ
·ҪΣգ˵ʵԸһҪĵ·ܷһҲʧΪһֺܺõܶ߶ǵ֮ʣĽͨƽһ
Ҳ̾˿Ҫ˵᲻Ů˵Ȼǲ̫ܵ飬Ҫ˵Ůô£ҲĲ̣Ͼѵ£ڳŮ˹ȥ
һʱ䣬ŮҲû˵ԵͷĬĬ飬ڵԵЩѹ֣֮ٶȿˡ
ʫϻˣҪ̤·ҿָǽ룬ܹһزҲǲұ֤·ÿһ綼һؿ飬ֻܹնԽпˣʸϴ
˵ǵ̫ʮֵĿҪϰǧıչزţЩѹҲԼ֮ԸҴ𰸡
ĻŮ鶼΢΢Щ仯ֻмָ죬ֻһɲǵĹ˾
ģҾġ
Լ߸ȷı¶˼ľġ
΢΢һЦůĹ󣬴ĽǶǣҲϣԺһ뿪ȥϾҪ˷˾̫ϧˣǿ˫лз
ʫϺҦˣҦ˿ǵĸһЩĹϵҲѾԽͨ꣬һ˨ϣֻЩԥΪǱߵЩǣңܺܿ
ʫǿǵ˺ܶ෽⣬ĹϵЩʣ˵ǲҪ뿪ȥһֱᣬһȥһֲȥ
ʵʫϵӺܵûʲô׷Ѱ£ӵΰԸֻ밲ȥһǼ꣬Ѿ׵ĸı̬Ⱥ뷨
Բ𣬰һһҽȥˡ
˼ãʫ˵
ţҲãҲкôʥҩǧҽѧп϶Է󡣡
ͷһЦÿһ˵ѡʫϵȷʵ󡢵ĸо̫ʺַƵĲп硣
ŮһȦͻȻһп뿪֮ڳŮҲûмĻᣬʱԲָһ˲䣬ŮӵеԪҲңû̫ʱ䡣
һͨĵ˵ҲѾܳˣǶһǿ˵㲻ʲôҲֻһҲֻһ۵ҲֻǴ˸ʱѾȻϢˡ
ڵϴŻڴϼʱ䣬ﻹһЩҪ֮꣬Ҿͻ뿪صУڼʲô鷳ĻңһΪһ顣
һЦ˵Ца̫ζѾ飬Ȼ㲻ʲô£ֻµͷʱɻЩ˸аˡ
ڶͦõģټ书Ҳɲʲô鷳ڣҪֽһܹ֮ͨٺòˣ
ŮһЦǶ׵ﲢľ֮أһ쳹ǿߣǾԲģ򲻹ֻǸ;վˣʹԺżȻҲ˼֮Щĸ˰ˡ
ͨҪѧһкĸܲܽҵǲұֻ֤Ҫǹһָǡ
ҲЦһʱıձЦ嵭һЩͷ뿪ˣеįźһֵòֲİˡ
ȻѾˣôĭڽ
֮༸ŮҲȺ뿪ˣҦҲ׼صУЩһϾҪ뿪ȥɲһС£һ뿪֮ȻǶʱڲٻˣͨ˵Ҳһ㡣
ڳŮҲֻʣ˼ƣһӿֳ˵ƣʶȤ˸뿪ˣֻˡ
žɳϵƣԺһʱǰ־׵ȳˮƣӴ̿ɱֵоΣյƣһδεİҶɹѹأ֮㺣ֵһжٵԺ
ơ
տһͱƴˡ
˵֪ʲô֪
һֱ˵ĻڳŮ뿪֮ѹֲסеİˣӵĿ
û֪ζʲôͷߺڰеһ⣬һˣҲǽԼȫиȥˣûǽ
һʼ֪ǿˣֻһŮˣͼŮһס飬ҦˡЩˣжţûмʣҲûҪռΪУֻҪһоѾ㹻ˡ
һȴڽӭ˾ޱ䣬ʵ¶ˮ棬ȻܿҪ뿪ˣһȥҲϲٻٻҲ֪ȥ˶꣬ǸʱϵһѾ˷ǣҲģˡ
뵽ƾʹͱղֻΪŮڣҲñֳձøӵΡ
ĸƵ㷢ĵ̾˿


1005 ׵Ƭ
ӡ
Ļõڿס˱˵Ŀ˵
ƣ㲻Ҫô㻹ôᣬȫһ˼ˣҸĶɹһ
һ̾˿
һˣһˣƲٰκεˣ㲻ˣԸеľ׸壬Ҳ˷˵ϡ
ն˵û˿ĶҡȻѾǵĺˡ
һʱ䣬þĵģ˼֮ŻĿˡ
ֻ˼ˣ㲣һǵĺӣĸõĻôǾһӰɣ
ĸƵգ˵ͷƹĶͷһǣ˾ʧ˿
ڶ糿ױƴı˳վԼĳǰһǶһĨ˵ɫһֲĸһӣһ۵΢Цӿա
һƵĳҲ뿪ıӭŮ֮ıٶȻصԭȵļžһж·һԲתһȦֻ֮صԭ㡣
¥ĴԣƵĳ뿪ʮƽɫ˵õĽȻ㹻뿪򣬵ǲһʺƵѡҲʱʹҲ˵
һ֣ҲŸεĿϱϾΪ⿪ڶܣǺڲʮ֮һĶпܵĻһ취õǾԲһ򵥵Ķ
ߵʱڶĶĹ͵ҩǾı֮ʺϵĹҩļȻԶˮƽũõĶҲȫȥ
ҪҪһƣһص֣µĴУҪôȥܣֻмĴ˲ܽУӵʵػܡ
õǿܶ࣬ǲһֱȥıӻԼļ壬ֻΧ֮ڰһæķչ׳ҪŬҲΪ˲ǣ̫ҵӰ쵽С
ڵºˣҲΪ˿ʮһԳԶ봫Ϣ΢ʯһԵʯ̺ʮǿһԼ֮ͻԶʧȥЧʮֵֻΣĹͷʹá
ǵԶʯ̺ϢҲԽ޾ʱսϢݸķ֮뿪ʱҲ᲼´󣬾ܵصľ롣
һ˾ڴվһ˿֮У뵺ɫ⻪һһʯͷƬĶ棬ûʲôرĵطʱʱȴǻһ˿⡣
Ҳûȷ⾿ʲôΪֻȻıȽ̺׵ʯͷѣڽ˽ڣԶõʶԶǰǿһϸо֮ڷƬĿ
û뵽ﾹȻһ׵ĲƬ̺׵籾ԴѾŵĲˣž޴ô׵Ȼûʲô̫İȴ벻á
һ˿⣬΢΢һ̡
Ϊ̫æټٵ쳣ǿ󣬵ĲƣڿʲôߣļԺͻֳµȻһĿ¡
Ȼе׵Ƭʶʱ˽ָ֮УеƷһЩι״ҩݣҲи̺ۼĿʯЩʹҲѵһĺñڽָȴ࣬õıڻһûг֡
ˣƾЩӦÿԽɣĻʵпһ֣Ҳ㲻ˡ
ǰһѲϣ˵һǰ̸ֳһƵɫĻ档
ճֵʱ򲻹ĴָСѣٿȴһǣܿͽǰЩȫ˽ȥҲɳϵڣһʱھͿһȼȴûκɢɫ档
Щʯҩݣټ׵ĲƬ㻨µĹȻ׵ƬѾ˴󲿷ֵǱϾǴ׵ϷڵΪȫ׵ĲƬȫ
׵ĲƬֻĲϸ£ʱıսڣôƮڵ֮еĽϷϵ͸ŵεεĸ壬Խ塣
ʻҪһԵ֮ĸӵв˼ӵйߣһԺա쳹һ뢣ÿһ˶ӵ֮ͨ
ױ֮ļ£аԵƥĻ֮һֱĶǳͷг֮Ҫ׽٣ܷĳͷֹκһҪеߡ
ӵȴǿԽ˺֮ͣһĸ㹻ܹٵתϾҲ֮ͨһĹ٣㹻ĻҲǲܵ顣
׵ĲƬڼоıչ˰࣬״ָ̬۷֮һӼʧ
֮ڴõǰվһλ°ɫ۵ˣһͷƮݵĳݣͷ·ӻ߳ĹŴӣ뿪е
ڴλֵĵضΣȻǲض˵æĴﾭȴûһܹڵΪȻǿһ㣬ñ˷֣վǰҲܷ֡
뿪֮ãۻҲѾʹˣ۳ԱҲ֪ȥڵǶӸСֶӣʮֻģҲ뿴Сֶӵ䣬˳һ½
ôľͻָڵΪ½İûҲΪ˱ˮ֮ӿȪ౨˵ĵʮ׵ġ
ûѶٹ׵ľͽ˱Żڣǰ뿪ʱһûκεı仯ɻæµĹԱæȥר־Ĵе顣
ϤһĻפͣһ֮ת½İ칫˹ȥǸ칫ŵȴ½ˣһʶˣϵϢʮǿѾ˽ӽ쾳۷Ϊ½ǿ̫ࡣ
ʱڰ칫ﾲıĿϵϢʱ纣һӿͬ˳һڣʮֵأҲȤĿһ֮˳
˵Ϊй¶һ˿΢Ϣ
˵ķӦӦ˰칫İϢ˫һ˵ľ͸ﴦӿǿ֮һ˳Ļƾմ˹


1006 л
ŷֲѾʱˣлҲѾϤֲһУֲڵҲľҲûжҪֱӹˣȨܺõ˳ȥһЩشϵ飬ѾҪٵĸ档
ôеʱ䣬лȻҪˣڵֲ֮ǰѾǽӽ쾳۷ĸˣڶʱ䣬ǳһƽʱûµʱڰ칫Ҳ֪Ȥش鶼
ԭǲĸֵһֲлﻹЩģϾ쾳ĸ֣ѾٻڷֲˣǶĴֲȻ΢ʣǰҲǺܺ˵
ԭֲ½ȴǺλöԵһ£½ȥ˱ܻأһҪﵽ쾳۷ĸȴܻڳˣһֲˣܳһʱлζѹ
½û˵ֻǺ֪һЩϢƺǰ츳ͦģʱҲһֻ֣ǺˣѾڼȥˣĸ⵽ˣôҲڴתѡ
һзϵȻܻڼ˳ԽлԽƣڵ˶ļº̲סĵϵܻڵǰ󵹿ˮһ
λǰһ仰ĳ͸ˣӴҲ顣
λǰ½ıһλͨǿߣλǿڲŶʮͷ֮Խ½սܲأΪ£½λĳǿߡ
һλʮͷͨζʲôǰѣлҲ֪Ǿζδľ֣ܹڶʮͷͽͨ˵츳ʵӹɵĶˮ׼ܹȡõĳɾҲǲˣǰ;ˡ
лǵıͣӴҲˣԹԵ˶ֲصܣԭҲòǲһλôĸ򣬵½˶ʮĵطΪ˱ʾ½أܲɳлλӽ쾳۷ĸ
ڱŵİţ½ȻûʲôģӵʱҲѾźˣһԺȻ˸
½뿪˶ֲֵ֮첢ûк½һȥŵܲϾֵͱֵ֮ĺܲ죬Ϊ˻½ֵٽŰ벽½ȥ˱ֵܲȻҲ뿪ˣȥ¾½ҲǺˣ˵ȥĺΣΪȥˡ
죬ڰ칫ھ޵л裬ԭѭ׼չȥѲһصǲʱһİϢͻȻ˰칫ڣ̴״̬˹۾һͿǰվһİӡ
۾΢΢תһ£͸칫ҵز澮ȻתĻ̾۵ףһжʮֵûκε쳣֣·ǰһ°ɫ۵ͻȻƾճֵһΪûһ㾯
ڻڲĹԱлʱҲ˽˺֪ܶ࣬Ҳôһ˷ŽûиоĵزֵĻǾֻһˣǰǸ֣
ֻиֲп˵ĶĿһĽİ칫ڣҪʵԲһѣʵʵ湦һʮѲĽɫ
뵽һ㣬лһ˲˶㣬͵͵˶벻ʲôˣҽİ칫ҲʲôͼȻǾԶԷ˵
˼ʮ곱ȫתڵ纣һһӿоһ˲ʹӵϵһ̾ѾǸ˵ǰһϮӿڴ˳һƾֱӰλ˵ؿڴ

һȣӵﵽֱ۵˳һ˲Ϣ֮Ѿأ޴ƥ˳ƿӿ
лԸһƵ쾳۷ҲҾôһĽûκεĵļ󣬵վǰȴ˿վһؿڴ񱩵˳ӿ֮ıΣҪлװ׵֪һƴ˳ȥΪǲԼǴˡ
书˲Ϣ֮ģӿĵԭֵӵ߰˷֣Ը࣬ʵҲ۷徳ˣôôפһֲ
վŲлһƣĵ˵ͷ¶һ˿Ц⣬һɳϣһ·ӡ
ǰһ˾ȻѾʧˣлһ֪˲õĸ֣æת
λѣ֪ǺĪǺұоɣ
ܹӲ³һƵˣûκεˣƾһл֪ǶԷĶ֣ת˷ʽĴ˸к
½ʶ𣿡
΢΢˵ͷ
ʶҾλá
лüͷһЩɻĿһͷͻȻʱ΢΢һ
飬ƺ˭ˣĪ½ң
ϸ΢仯ûӹϬ񣬶ʱ΢΢һЦ
㣬
лЩɵʵȴѾ˿϶˵ᣬǿʵϢڱŶֲڣЩˣҲֻһˡ
Ҿ뿪˼ʱ䣬û뵽½ϸ羹ȻѾˣȥ
һܣʵ
½Ѿܻܲأ︺Ҫ飬Ϊħ֮սûнפֹһЩͻ״
ȷݣлæ˵ҪҪ½ֵĻҿԴϢȥǱӦúܿͻϢġ
ûϵżʱԼȥҾˣֵϸȥ
˰֣ʵ
Ѿ뿪˱ţûк½һж
лҡҡͷ
ԭˣô쵼۷飬Ƕںδ
˵ͷǹһ۳Աȥ
۷ҵ֪һЩѾչ鵽˱ִܲһЩ½ֱ쵼Ķ飬˲ָ֧飬ڱڲСսҲǳǿЩħ̵ս
лæϸ˵һСһЩս
ҲãսʿֻսϲܸõķǵҪǽǲ˷ǵ츳
Ц


1007 ܲ
лһ֪һЩŵĽԼħ֮սִлõ˱ܲصĵַһ֮뿪ˡ
Խ͵˵ݿڣлʮֿĺˣȻҲòĻӦһ
һ·ϵĻԱֵĿлͱһİˣǶûмǸʲôʱл칫ңлͳˣݿ϶ôļ򵥣Ҳû˲ʶȤһ䣬һۺ͸Եͷˡ
֮лص칫ң̲һ绰󽫸ղŵ㱨һ飬õǱߵĻظ֮ŵ˵ͷҶ˵绰
뿪֮ʩչһ֮һѾͷһٻǰѺ˪ٵ뿪˶
лĿе֪ܲĻؾȻڻĵľڣڻıϵһСҵľڣСҵĹٷǱŷֲĿܣԱҲӪ޽һɽ֮С
ʦûûҹĽ軨ʮĹ򣬿˵ǽĹûеõȨҪڲҪԱŵڶ֣Ҫǿִ˫µܷУôûǱȥ
ٶȱʽķɻٶȻҪ죬ϵǴɽʱֻһʱѣл绰ûйȥõʱ䡣
·ʮͨǸɽл·бŵפأôһͨɽ
ʶ͸̶ɽķΧһɨӣȻ·˾޴صĴڣȫһʽľ޴ִװװΧˣӽһɽʯװɽģ
ʶɨ£׾ҵ˶Ӧڣһ˺˪˾Ѿɽ֮Уվһ޴ʯͷǰʯͷͨͨбһŴıϣ滹̦ȫһɽﳣľ
л֪Ҫ뱣ڲֻôһڣĵطȫһʽķҪǿйƣǽɽըˣȻĻ޷ķϵ
ŵĳԱҪܻصʱֻҪվʯͷԶ֤˵Ϣ֤֮ͨʯͷȻͻֿԽͨͨǸ޷ġ
ɽڲɽصĹԱϸĿŸطͷעΧ
ͻȻ䣬һλԱɻĽ
ףôһ£
ԱĽ˵ע⣬мߵ˵ߣʼϸµоڴ豸
źǶһ£ûпѵϵͳˣ
һоһֵͷ
ȥɣǲϵͳˡ
ſڵһһЩĹ뿪˼ҡ
ػϣɽûһˣЩԱҲûķ룬ֻΪſܳʲôϣϾҲԶתȥһЩСǺ
ʵϸղΪɽڲͨʶ˴΢һ϶˾ֱ˽ȥûе֤ļԱҲΪѾʩչʹʶԸͨıպϣֱɲˡ
ΪܲפأĿռȻʮֵľ޴ɽڲȫͿˣһ޵͵Ŀռ䣬ǼΪܵ豸ͳִװޣһ·߹֮ԱѾռĳϣһǳ˵ıܲȻǲһȻ֮ĸֶӵô
Щ綼ǿԶһĸˣﲻֻһͨĹԱˣȻĻͨˣֻǸҵڵľӢԱӵнܳˣ޷ﵣְ
֮ôĴţûܹĴڣЩȽ豸ҲûãɲǼ򵥵ĹѧЧѣķڸ˱еһϢ
һ͸Բʵڣһ̨ϵפͣϤδ½
ʱȥˣ½ǰҪ΢һЩϾûзĦ޵޷ڵԶפټϱ;ѾһΪûеõָȻǳһһЩ˥ϵļ
ʱ̨Χļ޴ĻеۣٿŸʽ豸½ĸϵɫĹߣЩڸ͸һص
һſֵҽԱһ͸ɫҺע䵽½ĸ⼸վһĻǰĻϲֵݷ
˴ŰСʱңȥ½˹λſֵҽҲժ׺Ϳ֣½Ц֣촽΢Ȼ˵ʲô½ҡҡͷͼ˴˸к뿪Ǹ͸Բʵҡ
ȻûнǸʵڣǼ˵ҲѾ֪һ⼸ҽǸ½ڵˣǱܲɵļλҽʦҲˣһִͨѧ߽֮£Щ˵ҽҲʮֵĸһǿ϶Ѳǡ
½ʮֵأʲôԵˣ߾ۼĵܵ𺦣üλҽҲһץˣоĹǲһЩ취Ҳʱ½һÿζʧܸգһҲ⣬ﴦûƺá
½뿪ʵңƶҲȥһĹ͵½ס½ת߽ڵʱͻȻֿɳѾһˣȻŷͶ˺ܴı仯ǹϤϢ½ȴҲˣҪ˵ֻ꣬ȥʮҲһ
ϵܣôˣ
ϸֳЦݣղΪʧܵӰ˲ͱ½׵˾⣬һ̣ǰδе
ҸողŵǰŻضȥ˷ֲפأл裬֪ϸ羹ȻѾҾ˹
΢΢һЦ˵ͷղһʵ￴ϸ磬ܲΪϸƵƵģ
˲֮󣬽׵ͨϢѾ©˳ȥ֪ܿܲϢǰ׼ֻܲѾһҲ͵
½ЩĿϵĴ磺ܼ֮ܲ˵׻մϵܵĹ⣬ƾˣûʸܲģΪϵܵʵ̫ǿˣΨһ㱣ϵˣǾҡ
ԭΪҵԵʣܹȡһƵĻᣬҲʮֲѡ񡣡
Ц
˵£һѾ
½εĿЦһ


1008 ֮
½ӣƺʲô飬û˵ôĵġ
ڵƣϵӦҲǺ˽ģֵǼѸԭƣұҲѾˣҲ뱲ӹˣϵôǿİְҽô⣬ԼҲҪôŬȥˡ
΢΢˼һ½˵˱ܲû뵽ܲһȺоİأߵĵԴ洢ʵȻо֮أҵƱ֪֮󣬾ͱʵС󡣡
ҩ
˫һУƽʵ
ҲҩЩҩ϶Ѿ֤ʵûΣԣᵼʲôصĺǾܲ޸ˣҲûоԵİգҲԲԶһһܹκǽԴϲ
½Цҡҡͷ
ƵڣҲûʲôɫɣ
һ
ȻûеģΪһĸô׾ͱ޸ãҲôΪϱˣеǰǣȻûôȽҽеͼƾ߳ΪҲʮǿҽĴطǵ͵Ĵ֮һ
½˵ܹƵﲻתˣЩǰӦƺ˰ɣҲȵһƵͷûС
ȷʵǼҽΣô׾޲õģղŵЩҽεֶҲˣֻڱֶΣǳ׸εķоٶȣҹ뻹Ҫʮʱţ΢һ㣬Ҫƺǲ̫ܵ飬ԶԶĳǵΧ
˵ͷ
ǰ˵Щˣ˵˵ɣ⼸궼ȥˣ˵ȥչˣ
һЦ̾½˰֣ת˻⡣
αչҲܳɹѾұչ֮ǰĿꡣ
Ц
ˣȻҲô׵ľͽˣķʩȫģҪϢǱѶϵ֮ӽֻһĵĽ
½ҲҡͷһЦ
۷ֶӸϸ磬˵ȥִϸҲһȥ
ʵ
϶ǴڣԶ̵ң۵жǲҪҸˣҵΪҲǣҪһȥֻǵжò˵ЩӸѵһʱ䣬ЧǷǳԣһʮĺְ
۵ĳԱǣ½ϳЦ⣬̺˵ЩսΪԸָӵˣȻҪл趮ĸˣս۵ϸҲ˵һ
˵ħ̵֮ʱ½ϵϲ֮ɫʧˣȡ֮ǵķա
ôˣħǱûĻӦѾȫ洦·˰ɣ
ֵʵ
ǵʵȷʵȫλѹħ̣Ҫ׵ĲħҲô򵥵飬˶صĵطʮֵأѾεɳ˽Ǹطûһ˿ԻֱһλͨĳԳһ̽Ҳʧ֮ͳ˽أûеõŵ֮ǰ˭ҲԽӽ
̾˿½˵
Ȼֶͨ˽ȥĪǻʲô̶Ѩɣ
ͨĸֺһĸʵɲһĴּ˶˸ͷﻹ൱Σա
ǲ̶ѨҲ֪ҿ϶ǲܽӽģǸطйʮϸµΧ̽ƺһصֻҪһǸΧǾͻܵӰ죬ǸΧ֮ڣе豸޷ʹãֻƾʵǰУһ˵쾳ֵʶѹˣ޷
ϸ˼һ½˵׹쾳Ȼ֪ʶʲôǾ͵ߵĵڶ۾ǿȫλɨ֣ȱʶİ쾳ֵʵҲҪһۿۡ
ʶİ쾳ֵʵȷʵ٣ǸطʶεĻȷʵǸ򵥵ĵطħ̵ϳȷǸط
˼ĵ˵ͷ
ʶΪ֮죬ǺʶģֻǱʶѣΪ֮죬ʶȼϾͱҪ߳ܶ࣬ʹֻǵͼ֮ݻҲһĶġ
кܶ󷨿ߵʶΪ󷨽֮ãʮֵǿҲֻǿ󷨿ʶֻܸʶѡ
ϾȻеطܹʶҴ½˵Уǻʶңʶ޷壬ĵطͺܹˣһ˵ֻȽĴ׵Ľߵ֮
Ѿȷˣ˶෽Ĳ֤̽ħ̵ϳȷʵǸطǾںδʱö֪Ͼȥ˶ûٳֶͨһλ滹ûսҲûдģĽ
½ҡҡͷ
һʮֹĵطȥһ˰ɣ﾿ʲôȻ˵ĹŹ֡
üһͻȻһЦ
򲻿ɣϵܣʮΣգŵĸֶ棬֪ʵǿ󣬵ԸֵӰ֮󣬻˼а
½æȰȻ֪ʵǿ󣬵ǸطͺܹŹ֣ǻʵֻǲȥνðգħѾǴѹǿطѾĶңǲҪļĺãİŰɣ
ϸ磬ȥչ֮ʵѾ֮ǰ˽Ĵһˡ
½ϵĹģﻹοģϾ½Ĺ֮ûаֵ٣ڵʱѾǷǳѵõһˣȻ½Ҳչһ֮ദôһ¡
գϸˮ
֪αչ书϶оﱾһʮΣյľأħѡﵱϳԲżȻΪ֮ĿģҲĹﲻ˵Ͳһȥأ
½е˵֪Ҳµ̫ܻ֮֮ûʲôӦ˵ΣԴ̬Ầܶˡ
½֪ԣɵŹͷϾﲻ˭ȥĵطǸ֣֮գǰһλŵͨѾܺõ˵⡣
ϸ磬֪ͨĸ֣֮𣿡
˰֣ͻȻת˻⡣
֮ͨľ磿
½΢΢һ㣬Щֵҡҡͷȷʵ֪ͨǾѾߵľͶ磬ܹˣѾվֵ۷壬ֻʵǿ֣֮ûʲôķֱ˰ɣ
֮ͨ󣬻ľ硣
ЦЦ϶ҡҡͷ


1009 ҹ̽վ
ľ磿
ĬĬľ׽Ļ½ͷ˼ͻȻ뵽ʲôʱ͵̧ͷ˾Ⱥŵɫ˵΢΢㣬ѾﵽǸ磿
ȷʵѾԽͨﵽ˸ߵľ磬־ֶûеǸ磬Ҳһ׷Ѱľ硣
˵ͷ϶˵
ǣǣ̫˼ˣԭ֮ͨϣľ磡
½һվһȥһѰӣɾȡõģҲԵĸеˣûΪʲôΪǸ
Ǹ磬һʲôľ磿
ƽ˺һ֮½ƽ˼飬ɳϣһڴĿ
ûи½긽ʵǽֱ˹ȥҪǽһЩڵľ磬ľҲûᵽ̫࣬½ҲʶȤûȥʣ֪϶ܣȻû˵ҲͲȥʡ
ڣһ˼ľ磬Ȼʹ÷û뵽ȻԽôһ֮УѹЩǰǾͨҲŬԭиߵľ磡
½ʮָп˵ȻѾûϣľ磬ܹһ磬ҲǲˣһֶͨûмȻѾһλڵǿߣҲͦ˼顣
ںʵ֮ǰѾȫһˣϵûҵĶ֣ǸطȻħ̵֮Ҿһˣʲôء
΢΢һЦǱʲôסңΪ˲ñˣȥ鷳ȽϺá
ҲãȻѾ˽ڣӵǿʵȷʵǿԵһˣʵȻ˳Ľħ̵ǳ׵һ򾡡
½οĵ˵ͷ߶ͣʵǿ˲˵磬ͬʱҲҪеӼ޵κһ壬ǲɱ顣
Ȼһ֮ŲЩ飬Ҳûʲô̫ĹϵˣϾôã½֮ĹϵҲܺã㲻Ϊ˱ˣΪ½Ҳһˡ
ڱܻܲ½ĵ뿪Ͼôûˣ½Ҳкܶ໰˵ʱۣ˶ǰģˣ֮ĹϵǺǰһûκε֡
ʹ׵˽ڣ½ҲûбþǾԶɺǰһһ㵹ʮֵο
뿪ܻ֮ܲѾҹʱˣ¸ҹգĹԣƬɽһɫĹ⻪ʱʱĴɽּ䴫һĽĵĻصɽ
˴һԺҲ޼֮գౣأ½ϸ磡
תͷһǿʯͷ̾˿ûвɢϯ;ǧҲһ
Ӹղź½ʱʵ֪½Ѿʱ޶ˣ½ôĻҪ˵Ϊ֪һҲһμ棬Ҳлˡ
Ȼ½֪Ҫȥﲢ֮أ˾ӦñҪչ᰿裬ȥǸӹա
½һ˲Ϣ֮𣬲һϢĹѾߵһ΢Ĺ㣬󳹵׵ʧ
һ˾ڷǰѾһ˵ɳ½̾˿
ϵܣףһ·˳磡ܹʶ㣬޺
ףһ䣬½뿪˷䡣
˴뿪ֱӻصȥ½еǴأñŶʧһλֵͨĿ֮أλڲڵɽ
ɽֻһʽɽ֣ԭǿտޱȡϡٵĵطɽǿ֪̾ĵطǺͱ֮Ľ⴦ط˵ߣҲû֪⴦ɽﾹȻ˾ס
ӱܻصɽλãֻʮӶʱ䣬ȫĽڸٶȷǳ£ԶڵķйߣۿԲ׽ģʵ̽״ٶȡ
ɽվڸ߿գµĺ˪Ѿڵ϶ֻҪʹ÷˪ĿǰôҲжѡ
ֻڰУ΢΢Ӧһ·ɽݳϢɫͱϢʮֵϤ˵Ѿģ󷨵Ϣһǵе󷨡
ʶȻٵ쵽·ɽ֮ϣӽһľ֮ʱʶͻȻʲôεıһֱӱȻۿԿ·ɽʶҲ޷롣
Ȼ赲ҵʶ󷨵ĵȼͣΪʲôоЩ죬͸¶Ϣжϣ󷨿ɲֹֻôһЩͶѡ
ɻҡҡͷջʶ۵󷨵˽⣬ʮŵģʱͶдоȻܺЩһ󷨵ʦȣҲԳƵһʦˡ
·͸¶Ϣǳǿֻóһ˲ܸܵϢԭ˵Ļֵȼ󷨲Ӧû׵ĽϢй¶ϾĻ޷ʹֽ󷨣Ҳʧȥ󷨵塣
ƫƫͽϢй¶˳ұей¶ϢʮֵĲ䣬Ĺƣ󷨵ԶԶֹЩʶ¶ֻС˼ѡ
Īǣ󷨳⣿Ǹȱȫ󷨣
Ѱ˼һ֮ͻȻһ
һȱȫ󷨣ǰһоͶ˺ĽͣΪ󷨱Ѿȱʧ˴󲿷ֵħ̵˲Ļǿ󷨣ħ̵ôһɶˡ
ӦʱݱгλƻǸֵı仯󷨵ļűħ̵ķִ˴ı֮أħ̵ĴС
ȷһ֮һʹӿʧˣһѾɽּ䣬΢΢һȻʶѾڣ֮޷ˡ
˴Ӱ֮ʧЧΪҪ÷֮ǲȱٵ󷨽֮ҲζŽ˷ʹãһǳֶΣһ߶ʮ־ܹ֮󷨡
η壬Ϊڽ׽֮ǰ书ҲǶˮ׼˽ں󣬾ǲʹ÷ֻʹ֮ǰ书Ҳûܹѡ
һĻ˵֮ϣѾ޵Уʹ÷书
ڵĽײܹʹ÷ͬʱҲǿ壬ǱʵͳԽ


1010 
УͻȻʧȥ֮ĸ˵һʱæһڵѾϰʹ书ʱû֮ĸͷŷӰҲ΢΢
ûʶİƬɽǱȽ鷳ģʶĻöʱͿԽƬɽһ飬ȻѾˣҲ׼ܵڶˣɴһԽˣúʲô鷳顣
һɽĴεȱ󷨿ߣȴסĲûѾ󷨵ļṹⲻһ߱λŲƹܵ󷨣жʲô󷨣ֻʹöѡ
ԽԽȣΪһ򵥹ܵ󷨣ȻԽֹߵʶ֪֮˵
֮ϸûгֹߣһ˾ڤˣڤʱѾˣûй󷨣ҲΪڤ󷨣˵֮ȫʢʱڵڤˣҲ߱ʵ
ڤ⣬ڶ˾ˣȻ֪ԼЩʲôųأô󷨵ͺܼˣǵʮλµ󷨡
Ϊһžżǣ̺ǼΪ˵ģЩλԴֱͨŲˣжλŲƹܵĸ󷨣Ȼλ˲Ųãڹȥ˼ʮʱ䣬İ鶼ƶܴӰ󷨵ĸҲͲˡ
뵽Ȼһ˲󷨣ҲЩҲóһǺ˵ˮƽȽȻǲһ
ôһ룬ʱ󷨵ĲøȤħҲʱһˣȰһƬط󷨸Ȼ󷨵ĸܵһˣǴµĸͼˣǿѧ֪ܶʶ˵ܸʲôҲǺпܵ顣
˵һһһһУ޲̺ŵ⾳ѾǸٹ̡ϰߣûеˣ޷ɽ磬ֻƽʱ⾳пֿܵٵӶɽ硣
һҹĹɽּĴߣͼĸǺܴ󣬴Լֻɽ֮һС󷨷Χȴɽ֮󣬹ƾһѾԶԶĳԽ󷨣𾪲ѡ
һöһ߹۲ͼĸһ߲ϵĽ۲쵽ݼ¼Ѿ𽥵γһȱͼܶϸСȱٵĵطѾ޲ɼһ棬ȷʵ൱
ȵĳůɽʱͣ˽Ųĵ˵еѾ¼һͼͼȻûоǹƾⲼַѾԤ뵽벻һʱħ̣Ȼջ񣬵һľϲ
ʱ䣬ɽҲѾһҹȥˣռͼʱɽҲűˣϸĻһ£ħڴĵطҲҲκκħйصɽ·ľһĴɽѣû
ɻ˼֮ʱһ΢ͻȻĶ䣬ʱüͷһ塣
û뵽Ȼ࣬ķ򣬾Զĵطע֮ԭ΢
УǷˣǶ군ģ㻹֪쳤ϵôܴ쳤ϵѣǣ
磡ˣ磡ɣ˵ԼܵľˣûбˣֻǼֻҪһҧ϶ģ
֣ҿģ˾ͽʲôˣΪܿ㣿ʥ̣˾ͽˣǾԲһģ˾ͽ뿪Ҳʥ̣Ϊܺһˣ
ǣ֣ƽʱ㵱ֵܣؼʱ㾹ȻΪһŮˣҪֵôˣǿˣ˾ͽһ뿪ˣΪܹȥʥ̵ҩжѵûûнҩ£һ¶֧Ųȥ
ĺܰˣ磬ͷһ·ɣ
У
û֣ǲΪһŮˣֵܼǰ;ȥ
ǣ붼룡
ҵнԶȻЩѾķ򣬲ǵĻᵽ˾ͽ֣ͷһûв´Ļ˾ͽӦþʶǸ˾ͽҵĴС㣬ĳ˾ͽҲֻһˣ޷ֺš
⼸˵˼˾ͽѾ䵽ħ̵Уͬлһһץˣ˵ǲ֪ݣǸֵҪһˣ˵һ˺˾ͽĹϵӦúͬ˾ͽһϵֺˣʦѪٻݦ⣬Ӧòˡ
벻˾Ȼֳˣһεãʦͽһħ̵УƺиӾȻҪ˽Է뿪ƺ˾ͽסˣϧзֵ˻λֵܣǲһףѹͲŹ˾ͽˡ
˼ȻôˣҲգħ̵ϳʱҲûʲôͷȥ˳Ҳһ⵹ùʦͽ
ҡͷһЦ˲ʹԭʧӰ٣ٳֵʱѾ˼ħͽԶôƵĸǵǼħͽûκβΪ˷Ų˾ͽ۲ݡ
Ҹ㣬֣İɣֵܼ˵ǰ;ҪΪԼǣɾͱֵǷˣ
λͽϴ緢ľ棬ķ֣ŭһ˦ӵȿ༸ħͽҲεҡҡͷٵ뿪ˣֻ˷һĬĬĸڶβͣɫĻš
ڼ˵󣬷ɽͷһɽЩħͽһʮεʯţʯ泤ïܵĹľԣէһȥΪԭʼͣ벻Ȼж졣
ط֮ǰʹӲԶҲûʲô쳣ûʶɨӣҪЩϵĻػЩѴ
֮ĶǱȽأΪƾЩ󷨷ϸ΢޷ִ֮ĹϻأûκεϢȥһԣ˭Ҳ֪ʯͷ澹Ȼж졣
Ȼ˴·ˣҪȥȻ׾ٵ飬ڼħͽ󣬾λʯŵͬʱѾһɽڣٶȿ쵽Щ˸ӦΪֻһ΢紵ѡ
ȥŵ㣬Сķ֡
ͷ߽ɽͻȻŲһ٣Ķ˵


1011 
һɽһȻȻ⵽˼㣬Ҳûע⵽ԹԵ߻Լķ
ɽﱻ˹ʯЩʯƽסĵطʯͷƳɵĴ̡εþߣҲ㹻ˣֵķɽڲĵطԽԺ;ֱ˽ȥ
Ǳ˶ҪĸһЩ۾ĽеʯɨһȦûһʯѺ˾ͽ㣬ǹѺ˵ĵطǱȽصģûôױ֡
еģӸղǸֵΪͻ϶ʲô¶ˣֻҪﾲţȻȵִȥҵ˾ͽ㡣
Ȼ̾ͽЩɱ⣬ȻطʳҪ֪ϢûдڵݣԸһЩʿѾмʹֶˡ
һŵʯ濪ʼϢϢĳ̶ȣȻǲõı٣ȺలµĸϢһξ͵ҹʱ֡
ȵҶ״̬֮󣬷ֵʯһӰٵڲǽһ£һʯŶʱĿΪ˷ֹǵӰĵסʯţʯƶĹ
Ӱֵһ˲䣬͸ǵӰһڲʯŵı󣬾˶ȥ֮ԭЩ޶ʯڣȴͻȻ߳ӰһˣǸûһֱαװ
ȻСӾȻΪһŮ˱ǣǸ
ǵʯţɫĺ
磬ڸô죿
һʵһ˿â
ô죿ֲ飬ҪһˮҲͲչˣֱץһ𽻸ʥ̣нҷ
ŭһ˵ͷʯ˽ȥһҲ̸ϡ
ʱҹķ֣Ѿ˳ʯűͨһֱߵ棬䵥һĵطûŵһʮŵζȻҲǼ
ˣ
ߵ˵ҵ棬ſڴĺ
֣˵ˣֲܽеģøұ죬һָ֮ȻĲ㣡
о˾ͽ㣬۾Ȼ˿ƽ̺ŭ˵
㵽ڻҶһƬ飿
ֵͳȻ˾ͽĺҲЩˣܿ͵״ִ̬ս˴С˵ǸûᣬȥģϽ뿪ɣҪٻߵԽԶԽãһһŵͼֻҪ˳ͼߣͿ뿪ɽˡ
ߣè޺ӼٴȱΪһ飿ЩְҺʦҺʦôòʵˣ
˾ͽ˵
Ҳҵı⣬ʵߵģǿصʵ̫ˣòײҵһõĻᣬ̾͸˹Թң㲻ܻҵģϲ㣬Ҳ뿪
潹ĵ˵Ȼҹʱ֣һЩ˹֪һУ˾ͽ˶Ҫ군˵ҹͻᱻʥ̣Ǹʱɾˡ
˵ıȳĺڹʧ뿪ܹߵԶʱ׷ǲٴν뻢ڣĳҪ뿪ýҩ
˾ͽûôúƣ˶һĹסˣ̫ܵԶЩħͽɶһ书𣬾һҪ׷Ҳ׾ٵ顣
ҩҵϣһֱڱܣҸòЩҩҪнҩĻ͸ˣҲȵڲ͵͵뿪
̾˿ʱȵĹϵҲͲ˵ˣӿڴͳһԿףСĴţߵϥŵ˾ͽǰĬȻĶһ⿪˾ͽԼ
ûнҩ
˾ͽһ顣
нҩһһʱ㣬ѹϱܣȺ书ߵģȻҩЧֻ죬֮ûнҩҲԶ⿪ܲԶҸõطȵָ֮ҲС
ҡҡͷɫһ˿ˣ֪˾ͽܽҲԺ󶼲мĻˣˣʥ̳ԱǺܶģʱһɽĻ㻹ǾܰɣܶԶܶԶҪˣ
һ仰תͷҪȥȻǲ˾ͽ㣬Ʋסĵļ˸С
ȵȣ
˾ͽһ仰÷ֵĽŲͣʦأҪʦһ뿪
ҽ㻹һ߱ȽϺãʦƽأֱסȫĹ߲ԶʱǷˣ׾ٵľ׷ǣҪ˷Ļᡣ
תķʦ֣ʱͣסתĽŲҡҡͷ
ǻɱ㣿
˾ͽʱһ¡
ɱҵǲãҪһĿܾǽһѺؽУȺķ䣬Ǹʱ³ңǲȵǸʱģǲɱңҾɱŻصڡ
ĵ˵ͷֵ͸һ˿ɡ
Ҳòһ뿪Ϳˡ
һĬ֮˾ͽͻȻ˵
Ǻǣһ뿪ҲҲܣʥ̶ĹɢǾִΪʲôܣΪо綾ûнҩ֮󣬸Ųһµʱ䡣
ȻʧЦת˾ͽӰɣӳȥ˻ϣ赽ʱͻԶ⿪ĹҲָԭľ磬ûϣˣҲ뿪ô꣬Ϊҵ֮ذɣ
ľ綾Ҳǲܽ⣬ʦ϶ʶҲħ̵ľ綾㿴жӣ汻һλֽ⿪ˣоԵİգһһһô򵥡
˾ͽ㶨Ŀŷ˵
һ˾ͽ㻰˼ɫʱ˾ͽҪһһȻǲʲôǣܹӳȥ⿪ڵľ綾Ҳǻһεľ֮ӴԺҸ߸·Ƿ
ĵܽ⿪
һʱҲ޷˾ͽ㽨ʲôϵϵҲ˶ˣǺõģܽ⿪ĵĶôͿԻع֮һĻԺ׷˾ͽ㣬δؾûлᡣ
ȻʦĻĵλֽ⿪ˣûа
˾ͽն˵һԵεҡͷһЦѾͷǰˡ


1012 
ĵħ쾳ϼĸ֣ĵ쾳¼ĸ֡
ֻ֮ߣȻǷħ̵ĸĵֵҩһʱͷƵĽҩѹƶԣͻᶾҩͱϸƿħ̵УѰ֮˸Ӵ
ֵҩĿƣħ̶ԱĹȻͺɢˣΪ뿪ħ̸޷ȥپͽԲŻĵǲͽȥطִֵͨҩƽڣҲħ̴һʼµĹء
ֻħڲһļ֮󣬱֤ȫЧħ̣ŻᱻȫĽҩ⿪ڵĶԣͨĽǲˣһᱻħ̿ûѵĻᡣ
֪л⿪ڵĸĵҲһĶץٻݦ֮󣬾Ѿٻݦû˻ĵĶԣ뿪ħ֮ãٻݦڣһغˡ
ǣλֿΪҽ⿪ĵĶ𣿿ĻᶼûС
˼һ֮󣬷ɫҡҡͷ
İɣһģλֺҹϵ˵⿪ĵĶ죬˵ֻ練ƶѡ
˾ͽ˵ħﲻǾ֮أܿͻȫ湥һʱ㲻һҲһһ뿪
뷽뿪˾ͽҲԼĿϾںٻݦʧȥ˹Ҫȼָܻ֮⼸ʱ˷ǳΣգ˷ֵıĻҪܶ࣬Ȼֵ书ǺܸߣǺôҲ֮ߣʵ̫ܲ
ðɣҾͺһ뿪Ҳһ粩ȡһ
Ȼ˾ͽһߣֱֺϲ˾ͽ㣬Ȼ˾ͽûʲôоǻǻһϣ˿ɾʲôϣûˡ
ͨһķ֣ʱ˵ͷ첽ߵһߵηų˹Ѻٻݦ
ųٻݦûκεɫȻ⼸Ѿ˾ͽˣ֪Ļչ
߰ɣʱпܹҹ·ڶһ˵Ǿͻᷢ쳣
ͷȥһһߵ˵
˾ͽٻݦһۣ˵ͷһ˷ֵ뿪ң˳ųʯͷͨߵԭȵʯڣֿеĽŲͻأͣ
ôˣ
ŵҲͣ˾ͽʱʵ
߲ˡ
εĿЦһ̾˿ҡҡͷ
ʲô
˾ͽʱ΢΢һ㶡
Ǳˣ
ٻݦҲ̾˿ǰһ˾ͽǰԽ˷ֵļͷ˶ŶڵһȺˣͽһȺˡ
֣̫ʧˣȻΪһŮˣԼڶֵܣ
ǰһŷֵ۾ź⣬˵
ҲûҪֵǣֻϣֵһ۱һֻۣһ·ΪʲôǾǲԸ⣿
ֿЦһ̾
㣬ǺԼеĹ㻹
Į˵˿档
ǽв֪ץʲôˣֻҪҶ˵Ҳ֪
˵
̵ǴĲŹˣǵĹʹӺζץס˵˿ɲǻȡĹֻͣǲҪģƫƫҪˣȻǺֵܼȥˣȻĻҲʲôֵܾˣ¼°ɣ
һһЦ
ǣ¼°ɣֻҪܴ뿪ȥǶʡ
̾˸мЦζȻǲΪһܹԸôˣοﻹڣǿǻʵ쾳֣ȻԸٻݦʹһֶΣǶԸ֮ķ֣ȴǾûκε⡣
Ҫ𣿡
ε̾˿
ֻҪܹһأܴ뿪ˣȥĻͲҪֵǲˣ
һ䳰ȷвϵĵһѷĳ
ˣҲûİ취ֻڵսҲҪͽ͵ȻѾ˾Ҳܺڡ
ٻݦ˾ͽû˵˽һε΢΢ҡҡͷֵĹǺǶһȺħͽĶ֣һһڣ쾳ĸһ֣ûκεʤ㣬ڽˡ
ٺ٣Ĺ򣬵ּҲкܾûйˣ书˺̶ֳȣ
һħͽЦһһʹܳȺŷֿٵĳ˹²һƾѾ˷ֵǰ任һǶ֮ҽһؿڴ
ɫһ䣬û뵽Է˵ʹ򣬲˿棬ִӦս֮½ŲʱЩģӿֱۣǿеײֻѾ̽ؿڵ֡
ž
һ촫˳˲Ľ̾ͷֳʤһӰٵ׷˿оһѪ
ֻߵ˶ȴǱʮֵһ£Ⱥ˾ޱȣһŵ飬˾ͽٻݦͬһȻЩЩɻĿŷ֣˷ֱҲʮֵľȣһãȻĿԼ֣ͬʮֵĴ͡
Ϊղ˽ֵһɲǣһɰͻȻƾӿ˷ֵڣõķֶʱһƾͽԷˣֱӴ˵״ֵ̬̫ͻأһʱûܿƺ¶˾ѾֱɥȪˡ
ôܣ
ĿԼ˫ֲ֣ϵҡͷԼҲŸղǿһƾȻġ
СӣѹָҾ˳ȥԭѾһ֣ʲôʱ͵͵书㾳أȻص֮Ұˣ˵ǲɹļϸ
һعʱǰһ쾳ǿϢɢ˳ֱӳѹ˹
ղŷֻɶԷһƣᡢȻɣ֮ǰĶߣȻ书ѾһĵزܷӳԼҲ˵ʱﵽ磬û뵽־ȻѾﵽˣ֪صжصĹͷһֱûзӳʵ
һֱһλĸ֣ܹŭ͵ϮĻƾղһƣ¾Ҳ޷Ȼıܿ뵽ֺ󱳶ʱһ亹ɫӵˡ
ңҲ֪ʲôһ°
ǿϢ΢΢һģɻҡͷŵĿԼ˫֣ǹǿǴӺζȻƾֹ˵û˵
ʱͼƱԻң
ŭһصһ̤Ѿڵһ㼤


1013 
λʵǻʵ쾳ʵȻûа٣ȻΪٻݦһЩǶԸʵ֮ķ֣ȴûκε⡣
Ȼֻ֮ʵҲһƾͽղ˻ɴˣѾֵ쾳ֻ֣ʵδȷѣ͵Ĺʵеķغܴ󣬹ȻңǱһϬ
һλ쾳ֶ֣ʱ˷磬Ͼղȷ֪ôһ£ֻͽ͵һԱ˿ͼĵһιںô죬Ѿûоȥˡ
ʱ򣬺͸ղһı仯ͻȻٶһǿƾճ˷ֵڣԭ˵˲ֹסˣ˳ź˵̬仯һΣȻ˲Ƶڴͬʱһת̾󣬶ȻЩ֣ȴͬСɡ
һƻûӴ壬ķѾ˳һžʱɽص
ԷͻĹһû뵽ղŻһŵķ־Ȼգۼͱ˿£תٶ֮죬ȻһʱϣҲǳصģôսȥصĻֻ䵽ľأֻΧκԣܽ⿪ڵ
뵽粻˼Ľٶȷζʱǰһ󲽣Ȼգۼ˵˾ͽٻݦǰ˫׼һˣȷ־ͷ
Ϊϲ˾ͽ㣬ֻҪ˾ͽ֣Ȼѹͷ粻սḻˣһ˲뵽˶Ըֵķ
ۿ˾ͽҪ뵽Ужʱ󼱣쳣еҪ˾ͽʱһɸΪӴͻȻ֫ٺ˳ֻǰһٳֵʱȻѾǰ۾ֵĿһͬһ龪ֵķ֡
ͬһˣȻͬһʱطһĻ˶ʱˣȻûпֳط˲ͳԽٶȣֱǰֻѾëʵ̫ˣղŷ־չֳٶȣͲǶ֡
һת²̽ɲӿף̳˿ֱʱע⵽ϵı飬һʱҲɻ
ʩչֿٶȵķ֣ʱȻһֻŵӣ־ֵ״̬װģֲ顣
Ȼ㲻׷Ϊʲô绹ʮΪϼƣȴӷ뿪˵õٱ͵Ϯ
˵ĽʱȻݣûʵԵĽӴǷ˲ʩչʵѾΪ裬ʵȽϵĻǷֵĶ֣ó֮ҲЩëˣ׷ʲôаȻ书˲ôֱ࣬˼顣
ΪһĻ˵ĽŲͣԭǵ˾ͽٻݦǰķ֣ȻһҵŻһۻϢƮɢ˿˾ͽٻݦæ˼ס˿ڱǡ
֣ʲô
ɻ磬ʱŭһ췽ֵ״̬ʵ̫ˣһ㶼ԭʶǸ֡
ŻҲŻ
ָ뿪˵仰ʱһҵŻ£µȻ൨˳
㡭
Ҫ˵һͻЦʱĻϣȻ侯¿һȴûзκε쳣˭
ʵ̫ˣֻ΢ٵƶһȻѾԲˣҪҵ㣬Ѿˡ
ŻƮһӰͻأĳ˷ֵߣ۾΢΢һɨ֣һһȻ䷢ֱӽϵŻȫ˲
˭
ͻȻֵӰִһæ˵һԡ
ҾǸղŰǸˣҪңΪƾʵԵסһλ쾳ߣ
ֵȻˣֵѾԲעôעȥ²綯־Ѿˡ
ԭ㣡
ֶʱһȻӣƾճֵǹǿӺζԭΪǰ˴ݸ
ͨһ㣬ͻȻһëȻһʩչĪֶεˣʵжôǿ󣬳Ϊ£
ʵһ˾ϣ˵ְˣ÷Ҳһ޹ģ֪˵Щʲôֻ㶵Ŀǰˡ
ǣ
ʱͻȻһЩԭ˾ͽ㡣
ǰǵӰ˾ͽԽԽϤܿͽӰıӰϵһֻӰϢЩİһʱҲ׼˾ǲͬһˡ
ȻץﻹңҲǡõû뵽ȺˣǵĿе֪Ǳץˣһ·ˡ
ͷ΢΢һЦ
㣡
˾ͽʱĽһԵٻݦҲ¶һظı顣
ĳ֣ǵҲϾôʵǺģǿͨǿߣѾվ۷ߣҪ˵ǰЩϺзˣħֵܵˣҲֻǸûĦˡ
㾿˭
˾ͽٻݦϵı飬֪²ˣŮ¶ôϲı飬˵ɲһ¡
˭Ҳûô˵˵ҲգҶеȤ˵ħ̵ϳصĵͦصģһȦҲûҵʲôߣ֪𣿡
²˵һ˹ӣǾԵʵƿ²ŻĴݺ͵ƾЩ˵ʵҲܷġ
Ϊһ㣿Ҫˣʵжǿűʥ̵ĸΧɣ
ŭһ粻м˵Ȼħ̵ϳ֮ӵ㹻κˣϾﲻƼħ̵и֣ǵħҲǵУħһ񻰣һûаܼ񻰣֮ǰնɱһλͨǿߡ
ԣҲѡͶħϳӲӲѻʯΪɲɵԼȥ
ҵħ̵Щ˶ϧǲصƺͦȻһȦûҵʲô
ΪȻһЦһ磬һ͸绹ûзӦ֮ǰѾ壬һɰͻأĴڱ˳ٶʮ֮죬һš
㣡ʲô
羪ŭ֮˼ָɫʵ


1014 
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ҡͷһЦħ̿㣬˻ĵɣ㿴ڻûлĵĶأ
ʲô
һ̴߶һȻڻĵĶѾ⿪ˣȻڸղŵһ˲ֱӽħΪľ綾ƽ⡣
Ҫ֪ĵ֮ܿô쾳ߣǱľ綾ʮԽ⿪˴ӽеõҩ⣬ûķܹеͨҪõҩǺ֮ѣ˵ֻħ߼λεˣлĵҩ䷽
Ѿˡ
һЦ˵ͷһָһ̴ڣһȫðɫ˵Ƥ˲ɫлϵðǵĭ⸱ģ˭о綾ģ
ͻתŪڳ˶һ㶣˭Ҳû뵽ȻղŻ˶ھȻ֮͸˱ȻĵҪҵľ綾
ض˵練ƣҪ⿪ǵĶ¶ֻһͷ顣
ƽ˵֮ûɱǣΪҵɱѾѼִԲİҿʹķʽǲò˵ҪȵǸʱһжѾ̫ˡ
˵ʱڵϵһֱϵĳ鴤ϵϢѾԽԽ΢ˣۿҪʱ˲ֽ⿪˸ղŵľ綾
ڴڵĴŴȫ£ȻڵĶرˣϢûлָ綾ʴ壬ôָܹġ
ⲻֻҩһЩ򵥵ӦðˣҩʹɱˣѾҪȥҩֶֻΪһЩʩչһˣΪߣȻɱӺˡ
ڳͷʱҲû˽⿪˾ͽٻݦϵĶأȻĵеĶɾͷˣȻ˵ûʲô𣬿ܹȵˣȴг˾ȡ
ǿɲûмʶˣ෴ΪͱʶԶˣһ֪ûܹʩչͨҲһ
زͬܵ˵˺ֻҪ޸˴ˣⶾҪϽ䷽ԼӵĲ裬һСľпɴԾǼʶҩʦҲһΪⶾ
ΪŪõĻԲᱻּӴķ֢״ǸʱĻ¾Ѿ췦ˡ
˵ⶾƺһʮּ򵥵飬ֻһȻڵĶؾȫˣ嶼оͨ͸һЩеٶҲӿࡣ
ָо˵ֱ̫棬浽Ƕŵľ磬Ǵû书Ȼ̶ȣֱѾ书ķ룬ƺһ
ǰЩħͽ˾ͽҲѹеĺʣĺٻݦվ󣬿ǰ顣
ǵҵƿ֮УֻҪ˵ħϳ䣬ҿԽ⿪ڵĶ뿪ħ¿ʼµõħºı
˵ǳ׵Ľħ飬һ򲽽ûƵĽħҲΪǼ˴󶯸ɸȥѰңϾѾħѹƬҪȥǣҲһ׵顣
ĻһħͽһмѾʼ⶯ͿΣƺ˵˵ӡ
ô࣬ʲô˵ʲô
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ǰǲ㣬ҲȷǸλþںδֱֻŵλöѡ
һħͽһҧǰһ˵ȻᣬһֲΪû˸ҽˣȻǹĽһǰ
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ÿλȥʱ򣬶һ̶ĵطϣ󷢳ź֮Ϳʼȴֱǽȥһֱ۾ֻ֪ǰߣȴǸ֪ȥˡ
˼˵ǰҲѾ֪ܹ죬ûзУһס۾ķжʧˡ
ƾǵΪʧȥߵȷʵ÷ֱ淽򡣡
˵ͷ˵Ҳ޷ֻҪҵȥˣ֮ǾͿ뿪ˣҵΪ뿪ûκε⣬ħҪֻɱǣҲԽҵķߡ
ǣǾͶлǰˣ
һ£æ˵ļħͽҲæǰľϹ
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ȻѾ˾ҲΪǣھʹҹȥɣǾͼװǷ²ˣȥϳˡ
˵ͷ˾ӵоԵʵҲںʲôӵļıǲԣֻҪҵطС
ھ͹ȥɣǰ
һħͽ̽ʵ
ǵɣҲһʱ
˿ɫҡҡͷǺ˾ͽԼٻݦȥһʯôʱûˣ϶ЩҪġ
Ȼһʯ˾ͽȲĿˡ
ʵôôǿˣ֣ͨҲû˵ôǿˣ̫˼ˣ뵱⿪ʦĻĵأʹôطһأ
˾ͽʵٻݦҲһԣĿȴûп˵Щʲô
ȷʵѾԽͨˣﵽһµľ磬ʵԶͨҲһ׼ħ̵飬Ȼħֹһ֣ͨҪû㹻İգǹ
ҡͷһЦ
Խͨһʲôľ磿
˾ͽ̵ɴ˫ۣʵ
ҳΪڣһȫ֮ͨϵĴ󾳽磬ʵĿԽԽκһķȣȫֵĻͨһжŲסʵжǿǾϵľԲ࣬ķֲġ
Ҳ㽫鶼˾ͽǣҲ˵һЩֻй¶һЩϢѾ˾ͽ˾ȵĿɿڴˡ
ͨ˾ȻһжŲסǿʵֱǺţҪ֪ǰͨĸֿǵϵ۷ߵﶼСڹŴֱָͨҲޱȿµĴʣǿʵŤתǬ
ھǿĸ֣ǰֵһᣬ׾ٵľͿԻΪɻңǾԵʵԽ˵ֻ˾ͽ˽⣬Ͳһʵˣ˵ˣһʵ
磬Դﵽľ𣿡
Щ͵Ŀ˾ͽʵ


1015 δ·
˾ͽһȵ飬ȻһЦ
ڵϵ˵ȷʵǺǿľ磬ǳõв֪Ҫ֪УʹСӶ֪ʿĶɽںʹڶš
ϵʷǧѣѾչ޷ȣ֪žżϵ鶼ȥǱλɽĴܸŲƵطȥˡ
Ҹо֮ľ磬ֻһûдﵽѣε֮һմﵽľ磬һľͷںδ
΢΢һЦ˵
Ľ㣬ӵǿ츳ʣһӶܴﵽˣܴﵽͨҾѾܿˡ
˾ͽһ˿ۣҡҡͷ
˾ͽЩʧɫͻȻͷһ˾ͽ֮壬һߣУ˺ʵĹĻδĳɾҲǼΪɹ۵ġ
΢˼һĵ˵ͷȻ˾
ȥ׷ѰЩǿľʶһļ𣿡
˾ͽ㣬ʵ
Ȼҵʺ츳ޣ²һֻᡣ
˾ͽԳһЦ
ʺܺãֻûȷĵطĹʺ㣬ֻΪѹڵ֮ѣһĵ·ߵĸԶǰ뿪Ը𣿡
΢΢ҡҡͷʵ
뿪򣿡
ɻĿһۣ˾ͽֺٻݦһ񣬡ڵĿƼƺﲻǼеĵزɣҪô뿪򣿡
ȻϵĿƼǼлĺԶǶʱھʵֵģ˵뿪ȻǽƼ߱õ԰Ǽʼɵ
Ц˵
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˾ͽ̾˹ʱȵֵɴ۾
ȻھѾ֮Уֻʵǿ󣬲֧ԼгʱǼУҪһЩ֮İа취뿪򣬴ڵѾ޷ҽ׸ߵľˡ
˵ͷֱ˵
뿪ȥ׷Ѱߵľ磬̽ľͷ
˾ͽͷһĻĳ̫ˣһȫµǰչ֣Ҫ磬ҪĴۻͦģ뿪˿϶嶤ˡ
㿼ҪżһҪٴһʱ䣬ңҿǰ㣬һ뿪˵򣬺ͼҲǼһʱˡ
ɫЩƭ·ԼѡģȻ˾ҪһֱᶨȥΣգǿǵﶼֻ߶ѣһл᷵ص򡣡
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ʱ仺ţܿ¶ǰףһµ糿ˡ
ͷ߳ʯ˾ͽٻݦЩħͽһ˳ʱȫӴ״ָ̬˹վȺ
ɣֻҪȽͷ˳֣ǾͿ뿪ˣߵԽԶԽá
һȦĵ˵ͷһָ˾ͽٻݦϵϢʧӰ٣ͺ֮ǰΪһʵһʦͽȴûбΪֻϢڸ˶ѡ
춼Ϊһ򵥵ķֹϢй¶˵ԳˣЧԶԶĳ˰ķԼҪһ㾫ܲǱϢ˵ˡ
ǣǰ
һȺħͽʱľһͷ߳Ǵ֮أŽͷĵطȥˡ
뿪ɽʱƾʧˣҲû˶ңֻǼԹԵǰУ֪϶ΧԼʹʧˣҲû˸κεΡ
һȺĬĬŵʱ򣬷ͻȻӿ˲ߵ˾ͽ
λǰ˵λԽ⿪ĵ֮ǰɣ
һֵʵ
ȷʵû뵽ȻһΪҪȥҵ
˾ͽͷҲصĵ˵ͷ촽
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һȺߵٶȲټ϶ߣҲҪϢʲôʱ䣬ʱ־ѾԽɽͷһɽ괦
ʾͣһ߽ɽһɽͷıҵһ۵İݴΧű̵̦Ŀһ鰼ݴһԭЩ֣Ȼ˲ȶ
һָǴݴԭЩҵĺҲƽƺˣҲõ˽ѣʱѾûлͷ·ֻӲͷƤǰˡ
ݴ̷֮һ΢ǲƺʲôرˣɹ˻أתͷع˶飬һ֮ͼԶɽּһȰӰƮٶʮ־ˡ
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ʹߣץٻݦʦͽˣ׼ͽܽȥ
վڽʹǰԼЩľæͷ˵ʲô鱻ʹ߿
̲ܽǵһˣʹߵĴȻҲ٣ÿһμʹߣоһ֪ΪʲôʹߵľҲ쾳ͬΪ쾳磬ȴʮֵľ½ʹߡ
ĺΪʲôôң
ʹߵɭɭĿһٻݦʦͽˣͻȻתصϡ
δص̣ܽЩ
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ʹû˵ֻĿһ磬ִһħͽڳ˴Ҳҳһֻһľŵվ
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1016 ܽ
ȻͬΪ쾳ĸ֣ǽʹߵʵԱЩҪǿ̫࣬ղŵʽܹˡ
һٷĲ֪ɫ壬ٶȷǳĿ죬ټ˱վʮֽӽһ¶־Ȼ֮ûУֻܴĺ
ʹߵһ䣬ƺеĲ뱻֤ʵˣƶʱǣһͷĺڷ޷Զһ׷߸ղǵӰǰУƺҪɱˡ
ôļһԲϾͶ֣ƺҲ̫˰ɣ
һЦͻȻ֣һӰѾվǰֱ۶δȴѾǵӰԭһͱУʮ־ͺѩʽֻ࣬ͨڶѡ
˾λʹͣΣҷɿĺ˿ԷסİȻ书֮ϣӲƴֻܳԸôĵǺġ
˭
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˭ܿͻ֪ˣҲüһʱҺܺһô쳣ģ
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Ȼûǵ϶ʲôֽţ㲻ý⿪ϵĸĵͻĵֵҩʥҩȻа취ԲûֶԣǵĶȫûˡ
ʹ߶˵ڶԵˣǼٰʥˣǽڳ⣬һ̸֣ɱۣ
벻ǻַǵûжԲʧˡ
ҡͷһЦ˵ȻѾˣҲͲĨˣĿĺܼ򵥣Ϊ˽ħ֮УԼ··
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˵Ҫͷ׵ôڹظˣ
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Žʹͱϵһʱ䣬ǰ̻Ȼʣһ޴ܶʽĻسǰ
ħͽ·ϵȥ䱸ʮֵɭϣܶڲȻطֳ㣬ԽǾסڸߵĵطˣʵԽǿһѾЩɢϢж˳
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˾ͽȻתʩչ澭ֵħͽǵĹȴһɸӿµϢϢǿֱݣͷһۣһĻ޷ǡ
һ޴ʮ׳ľ̾ĺϿգǵĺ붼ڻƮڳ˶֪ⲻĻûͨ˼ˣԻ˵һľԭ־ֻǴڹ
ֻ֮һЩǵķ֮ĶȫһԣǿƱȵЩħͽҲ׷ź˻ȥ
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޴лƮ˾ͽٻݦһʱҲЩɵˡ


1017 µ㡾֡
ֿѾʵľûκβķԻԶԶĳڳ˵֪
ȷʵԻǶ书⵽һ̶֮ת书ʱȻֵ󣬱һ书ϵĸ
䵱߽ʱͻһֻ޴ڹһߣҲ۵ı־ܹԻߣǼΪߣʵǿȻǲض˵
Իķ඼һЩӰˣ㹦һЩˣΪ߶ǿԭ򣬵˷ʵһҲǺģǲ˵Ҳףʵʻʵûǲܵ顣
ڼϿ֮ǰҶΪһܷ顣
֪ƷˣʵĴڣڳ˻ΪǷԻȽϿԽܣʵϾҲʵڵȷʵֻǷԻѡ
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Щ쾳߼ʱʶĲԾ΢ܿһЩ⣬Щ֮ħͽһ֮ȫش⻹ûȫֵԵʣĻ˿ѡ
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