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ӱһƳ鵹ڵϣԹŹŷ磬˵Ů˾ߡֻǴԹ޵Уŷ֪ԷԲưոݡ


5 
ŷ磬ղ˧Ů뿪֮󣬽Сǵ˵
ǣҲ˭ŷ¶һƨӣϵİԵ˲ʧͬһͨһŮԼǲۻˣղŵĿһжǼѡ
һ˿Ц˵ԺҪ۸ңɲ԰ҧ
ŷ磺X
ĪС¶ʱЦ磬ɫѿĹŷ磬кЦһֺõľˣ¹ϰԵֻôҲ벻ᱻȸԵġ
þԥһ£˹վԱߣ˵λղǸ˽ǳǣղλ϶ưոݵģҽλھ뿪ɣеĲˣǻȡġ
ĪСºͽû˵ȴĿ⼯еŷϡ
ŷһĨмЦݣ˵õģҪǻҲʹ죬һǵģллĺˡ
֮⣬Ǹû뿪Ĵ㡣
þ̾ϢһȻ뿪һҲףǰһûнĻϡҲֻϣʲô顣
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ãһ׳նѣõĵġŷֵ˵Ҫʲô飬ҲҪٷߡ
ҲûнԷ뱨ԼҲҪǸʵС
ŷô϶ĪСҲ˺ܿˣŷ۾һҲˣֱӳ
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ֻǳŷ˵ڽӸҽԺҲѾˣֻǰһ¡
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ŷһѽٸסҡͷ˵Ҿ⺢ӣֻǿСС;Ҫܵħĥ㲻лңһҩûȥÿãҲܽಡӰ콵͡
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Сţס졣ٸ˵Ļɫһ䣬ѵ˶ԷһȻЩǸŷ˵ԲλСſǸˡ
Ųţ㲻õǸҾκӣԸģЩûʲôϵҪҳԷŷ˵һ˫ӵɨٸͬһۣתصԼ棬ٸͬȴûиҹš


6 ߵı
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˵ˣҽҽΰٲģʲô϶Ѳҡŷһƨӣ͸ղżֱˡ
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ŷԴðе㻳ǰŮǲ⣬Ȼôҧ˵顣
Ҳҳƨˣ½˵ʲô۵Ļ
ŷͷԲˣһ仰˵ˡ
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ıˣȻɵȥǮʹþ䣬Ǳ߳˾Ƶꡣ
ֻȴûз֣þһ˿ġ
ѵһ£ڳ˶ٺõˣĪСллˡ߳԰ԼЩǵĶӣŷЦ˵
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ŷ߹˸ϽҪ뿪ֻΪŵԭ˷˼Σȴûгɹ
˵ð˺ԽԽǷˣͻȻоߵĳű򿪣һְֻļ档
ߵŮ¶һֵɫɫףȻŵòᡣ
ղͨ˶˹ŷ󣬾Ͷ֮ʮ꣬ǶЩˡ
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ǰ׳հɣҵСˣֻѻƭңҵ𣿡ŷɴ۾һŭӡ
ȴһ˿ЦŮĿСﻹףŷѾ³ˣֻˣǡ
˵齥ƽ˳Ц֪˭ҿ⼯ŵĸҪǸ˺ңԲ˶ߡ

䣬㱻ŷ˳һȭڶ棬Ȼͬһڵϣɫʹൽ˼㣬Ŷһ
вˡƲƲ죬ŷ粻ˬ˵⼯ʲôɴû
Сֵܣ㲻ҪңҪʲôҶԴӦ㡣Ů˱ŷΪŵɫ԰ףűŶڵϵϽ˵˵ԼҲһ
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ߵĿɿڴĪСºͽߣŷϵıЦ˵߰ɣǻѧУ
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ŷԱҲ붯ˣصᣬǻûлڴϢһᡣֻԴȴûֹͣ˼ŷԼ֮ǰϼһԼ˵Ļ
С磬ҽ󾳽磬ֱҽѧͽƫҽҽҽʥҽɣڵҽҲܹĳЩҽȴҽҪͣβˣԼҽҽ磬ʱҾͻһܡ
ҽ磬ôףŴ͢ҽҲһЩƫҽѣҽ綼һˣʦΪҽĸʮˣͷӻ濴ҡŷпЦ
жǸϵ˵ĴܣȴкܴȤܲŷ綼ڳҽ硣
ҽѧͽҪᰴץҩƫҽҪܶӣƴ󲿷֢ͨҽ磬ʦ磬ʮϵ֢ʮԼµҽ
ŷȻҽѧ츳죬ܹٷְٰ֢Ҳֶֻ߰ѣʮӣֻأҪ֮ڣΪҽֱ졣
ŷ粢٣һսҽѧ쳣Ȥҽ֮ϣҽʥ磬д˵еҽɾ磬ڹŷױȵջ
ҽƴˣ֮ڣһҪﵽŷаȻŷ˼˯ȥ


7 ƫҽ
ŷ类ѵʱѾˡһĲ˽ȻȫΧ˹ŷΧ
һʱ䱻ѣŷ۾㿴ֱĶԼˣʱһ
Ҫʲô˵ҲҪ棬Լȥŷ罫ӸǵĽģһܵŵı顣
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һۣɺٺЦѧУһϢ׺ѧѧСԽΪУĪС·ͻһ˽һ˸ˣεǸ˾ҫһ˲ɡ
ҡ
ȻϢôЩ֣ŷ绹ʵʵĵͷϡ
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˵ͷŷû˵ʲô׶ǹԼô˵ġУҫ̫⣬һӵܶѡ
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ٶȽӿ죬Ѿﵽһ˳̵ĵزˣֻǹŷȴҡͷ̶ȵĶûκЧ
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ŷ粢ǫ飬˵ʵߵ̫ΪѾһĪĵزڵˡ־ֻһϿĸס
ڹŷĻȻҲܾȡٴδ˹ŷһҡҡͷЦһССͬѧˣ̫ΪеҪߡ
ŷ粻ûзֱ档
ˣСͬѧˣˣͲãվһˣСͬѧɣͷҲȥˡַ˷΢¶һʹı飬˵˼仰תҪ뿪
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һҽҵĻҿΪ˼κĲŷ˵ͬʱЩ˷ܣҽ磬Ҫʮ֢ʪʹһ֡
֮ǰŷ粢ûʪߣֻʱҽ޷ȴһˣѧ֮ǰҽһСͻƣƷʪʮİա
ҽߵɫЩŹ֣ŹŷӣЩš߲ظҶҽҲһ˽⣬ʶУЩҽٶʮͣĺҽȫͷӣСһŶҩ¶ϲȫɡ
ǵģһҽһһƫҽ˼Ӧöҽȼ˽ɡŷȻܲ³ߵЦ˵
кøУҶԷĲ֢÷ҽŷŲôĵĽء
ƫҽ
¶ŵɫƫҽʲôȻףŴ͢һЩҽҲֻƫҽѣǶѾ˲óɾˡһҽ츳õˣҪΪƫҽٶʮˣǰСһŶ
һѣƫҽѾʮˣѾﵽҽ磬ڹҲҽȨ
СͬѧҪЦˣŶ࡭ߵĻû˵꣬ΪѾ˵ȥˣŷгһɫӣ֡
ҽƫҽ֤û˸ð䣬Ϊǻҽķŭ˭סһȺҽΧ
ƫҽߵɴ۾һŵɫǰŶ󰡣ȻѾȡƫҽʸ
ŷĻ𾪣˵ڳҽ磬ҵѾκ˰֢˼ҵķʪʹҲһ֡
Ѿ˵ˣֻʣ𾪡Ѿ˰֢ƣڳҽ磬ǰߴΪţȴôΪˣǰСһ˵Ķģʲô
˼ңԸԸΣŷü˵̫ʹˣԼѾʾ֤ˣȻԼ
Ը⣬ô᲻Ը⣬ҿɱ۲˼ʮʱˣκõĻᣬΪʲôԸ⡣߷ӦЦ
ʪ۾˼ʮ꣬ʱ޿̲뽫κãֻԼǸҽ߳ѶܸΣҲͶͷ
ǰСһȴ˵ԼΣǶԷʾƫҽ֤ǲŵģȴĵļڹŷĻȴˡ
Ͼܻҽƫҽ֤ģҪҽȥҪҽ£ҽҽȱһܳΪƫҽ
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Ҫ׼ʲôҶСŷЦ˵˷ܣעҪһֲҽֽһ
ʪƣЩҽ޲ߣǹŷȴһžԵġ
κ÷ʪĵơ


8 ҽ
ȴһ绰һҵѣŷҲһԸ¹Ц˵
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ҲһƫҽѾ˶ʮ֢ʮӣ֢ܳΪҽˡ¹˵⻰ʱ򣬽ĶŹŷı飬Ȼϣŷ¶ݵɫ
Ҽ
ûαĿףŷڵ
һҪΪҽƫҽҽ֪ʶԲǹŷܹģʹҲڳҽ磬ǰֲͶʮֲĲ𣬹ŷ绹Ǻġ
ҽ׼ʦҪܹһ£ҽǺаġ
ιѣʱ𣿡ŷͬ⣬¹¶һĨЦ⣬֮еģֻͨһ롣
׺еһҽԺԺᣬʱԼСԺչȽţֻȴü˵绰ʱģֻǸѡ
ͷôһ͸Ҵ绰ʲô飬˵ãǼƿƵ⡣绰˵
˰ɣǼƿõôС绰ûб飬ֻҪһλܳСһ㡣¹ЦͻǺѣ̸޼ɡ
СǲҪʲô˽ҽԺҸŶûУҵԸ㲻ǲ֪ԲܷؾһЩ˽ҽԺõĶ˵ǡ
绰Ǳߵĳ¹ֺЦԼѺͿ˰ɣԼʲôʱҪ߹šû˵һ˵ʲôֻҪһСһʶҲҽҲϼһô˼ҲͶʮңѾõƫҽʸ񣬶ڳҽ磬ϼһǿˡ˵¹ͣסˡ
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ֻһȻ󺰵ӣҳȥе£緹ˡ
Ȼƿų˳ȥ֪ԼûпЦĻҪһҽŵ
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ŷҡͷʾԼҪȡų¹˵ϣڿʼ𣿡
ǸɣҲʶһôβģŷ㲻ɣ¹ѯʵʵҲûеףϾŷ翴Ҳʵ̫ˣƫҽ֤¹Ҳֲ٣Ҫѹæȷһ¡
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ᷭһۣûĿ⼯ڹŷϡ
ĲӦôƣֱʳһ⣬ùŷһ㶡
ŷͷӦˣ¶һĨ΢Цŷ絭˵Ԫ3331416䵷飬ҩ裬ʮΪһһһһΣȻģһ֮ھ
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ŷоһڻᾪȵУгһ룬ʹһֱڹעŹŷĶҲûзôֵġ
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ˣҿһҩסóϰʱҩͿˡŷ絭˵ڻİ£ٵҵֽʣдһӡ
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ѵŷǸ˵ĺԺһ뷨һı飬Ĳ²ȷģԻҽκˡ


9 һ
רҵ࣬ȫѻȸ˶̨ɫںڵŮʦҴһ
ٻվڽ̨棬һ˫ȫŭû뵽ԼϿεĵһ죬ѧҲ˵ֱǳơ
ŷ硱ֱкݺݵ߶ٻģֻҪԷһҪúõĽѵһѧȻһڿξӿΣֱ̫ԭˡ
·ʦЩŤΪŷ
ڣǿʼϿΡ
ٻǿѹеŭƽ׼ˡ
ʱһƿŽҴţҡڵ˽ûп̨һۣŵڳѧĿɿڴ
һ˭Ȼôţʦ񡣡˶а뵽
ˣŷ군ˣһûų̂ϵʦСֹ
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үǡ·оȻԹŷΪֻͣԼȴδ
߽ǹŷ磬Ȼ˴ѧȴǴûϹѧе֪ʶǸϵ̵ģ֪ٵҪġ
˶Լŷ¶һĨΣȻһ˼ӣ˵ҶҪӿ˼˼һẦߵġ
ȫʱһڵ϶ú󣬲֪˭ͷһЦ
̫ЦˣٵļһȻôܶ㣬ѧڹŷ綼˺øУһЦͬѧòһȤ顣
ѧǵĿģٻжð˻ͻȻһӣŭʡ
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һϿΣ㽫Щѧ뵽ԺŷӾԲù
üëһŷתͷȥŽٻ˵ŮվʲôӦÿϿ˰ɣʦˣϽȻʦͲˡΪĵѡ
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ѧҪεĳ嶯ǻǿʲô˵ѵĲ֪ԼԵԼʦ
˶ɫŹ֣űĻĽٻ٩٩̸Ĺŷ磬ڴŽķչ
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ѧﲻ׽ٻ˼Ȼû˿飬˶ĿͶڹŷϣͬζ
ŷŸʲô˵ˡ
ˣкڵ뵽
೤öˣǱĸɲЩٻûв죬ͬѧԼ༶е鶼ö֮Ҳ¿εʱˡ
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ŷıýʦһŭ𣬱ٻܾѾŭˣһѧȻұ
˵ûǲǣʲô֣ʦ˵

ŷһοˣȴǿûпʦһۡ
ֻԣˣ˵˵֪ʲôʦصʦһĿ
ŷ¶Źֵɫֵ˵ǲǣ
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ʦѧҲ̫ˣȻ˵ɵʦˣһὨѧУʦŭȻѾ߳ŭˡ
ٻɫһ䣬û뵽ʦؽȻôխ뿪ŷ˵ʱŷֿˣʦޣƾҲܳƵʦʥְҵٺŮĽˣҿžͶġ
ʦɫ䣬ŷ˲ţô֪ģȷʵС㣬һսһҹⲻӦñ֪
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Ϲ˵ôأҪʦŭֻ˭ܿϵ顣
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ŷֻֻشһûɡ
ˣʦҵѧԣҴǸ͵ûзҲϣѧУ棬ʲô㲻õҥ԰ɡٻ˵Ȼ˹ŷһۣ˵ȥɣ͵ûзʲô֪
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ŷͷ֪ٻΪԼϾһѧʦͻԿľԲʦȻ½ʦȴҲ鷳
ڽٻŷҲһ˿øУ¶һ˿ֿЦݣŷЦ˵ʦҲԣ´ξԲˡ
ٻһ㶣¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷ
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ŷ籾뿪ˣʦĻȴͣɨ˽ʦһۣһĨЦҪң
ߣѧѧУԵĺȺ֮Ϊ˰׺ѧ뿪ʦһȻӣȴýٻоġ
һСʦƾʲôңŷЦһѧɲһʦܹģҪߺܶ
˵˹ŷ磬ǰ׺ѧĸУưˡٻɫȫ˵һ㶼ýʦһڡ
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ڳƲƲ죬˭ûд
ʱŷֻһһİĺ룬˵˭ѽ
ң¹СţأκϵĲǮҲͲ˵ˣٸһлĻɣԷǱߴ¹Եúǿġ
ŷƳ˽ʦһۣ˵ϣûлҳԷˣΪҪң׼ʰ̸ء
ʲôĸ쵰ҿС㣬ھ͹ȥǱߵĳ¹һЦǺǵӣŷĻȴȻŭŭ˳ȻүĲᡣ
ҪԼĶˣոԼ겡ͱ׺ѧˣ¹оԼûȥˣзŭ˼㡣
˳¹Լڵأŷ͹˵绰
ٻʵŷ磬˭ĵ绰ƺϤУǸ˼ҵĻŷĺ̨Ҳ̫ӲˣʦԳԲ˶ߡ


10 ϳ
һ˼ҵģҲ̫죬ֻǽ²ӦѧУʦɡŷ絭Ľ͵
ʦһЦ˵˭Ҳס㣬¸㣬ǰ׺ѧĸУҪһѧ͵飬ҾͲţ˻Ϊ㣬巢ͻ
㲻˵û˻ᵱưͣ׳ա
һۣŷ˵ϵĲмϹӶܿ
㡣ʦŭҪֵĳ嶯
ʦʲôٻüͷһ壬ŭ˵
Ļýʦһͣź޺޵˵СӣҾͿҵʲôˣһ͸ˣˡ
㻹ûǸʸҸϡŷĻһ㶼飬ԣýʦֱҧ
ٻʱȻЦˣͻȻûôˣŷֵ̫ǿˣһʦԣȴûһ㵣ĵӣȻ޿֡
ʦɫѧУ棬Ѿ̲סˣûһѧҺŸء
ҵҪСӵĺ̨˭Ҳʦаķݡ
һʱ֮䣬칫澲˶˵ŹŷǸ˳֡
һᣬһŭ˹˭ҪҵĶˣҵҪѧУ棬˭ô޷졣
ٻɫһϲѾϳȻвǸˡ
ڽʦȴΪŭȴûڵһʱ˵ݣԷŭЦŻصͦģʲôû˵ʦȴ·ͬסӵѼһ㣬Ȼֹ
¹ƿųڰ칫Уɫ࣬ŭһҵĽʦ
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ʦɫ࣬ĳ嶯ˣû뵽ŷĺ̨ȻλԼûԷ˵ð˳¹Ļ׺ѧĸУסˡ
ϣˣҲ֪ղʦ˳Ͻ͵
ԱȸղŵֺʱĽʦȫһģ˸оġ
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¹׺ѧ쳣صģ׺еĽ磬ʦǱˡ
û˵ʦףԳ¹ĸԣ˵ĻԲĵģǸУ棬顣뵽ʦ¶ԹɫݺݵĶڹŷϡڽʦΪŷ磬ǲ䵽زġ
ûпʦһۣŷߵ¹ߣ¶һĨЦݣллˣϳ棬ҿ¾ͻᱻ˸ϳѧУˡ
ڹŷ磬¹ȫһ̬ȣһ۽ʦ¹ϴһĨЦݵСİɣڰ׺ѧǾԲģͷӻڵһ죬û˸ô޷졣
ү˵ǺýٻǸƫݵʦˣϾ¹ǿνǳߣȴһô˵֤һĻǶԹŷݲ˺档
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һ۳ϣȻûΪŷ̬ȶڽٻ˿ֱһ̫ڲ˼ˡ
Сţûʱ䣬ͷһ緹ñʾһҶĸм֮顣¹ȻڣŷȥԷ
ٻƫʦЩľˣ¹Ȼ˳Է¾гûҰɡ
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ŷܸɴ࣬һ㶼ΪһңֻǸоʱ䡣һͷӳԷŷûְãŮࡣ
뵽Ůŷ罫ĿٻȻİΣҲһŮ뵽ŷָŽٻ˵ϣҵİΣѾ˵ҪҳԷûʱ㡣
ٻ۾ɴˣʲôʱ˵ҪŷԷˣͣ¹Ŀ˹ٻֻεĵͷ
ͷôϲŷӣ˵ǹŷѣ³¹ҲţǾ˵ѻ
ȻٻԾͳˣΪŷԭ򣬱¹˵Ҳһ£ѧУķչһЩѡ
ٻϣ¹¶һ˿ϧɫ¶һĨЦݣ˵ȻСͺСȥԷȥɣϾˣ̸һȥͷӣͲˡ
¹ҲĿŷȷʵԸԼһԷҲǿ
뿪ˣʼգҲûпʦһýʦԹ޵˼㡣
ó绰ʦͨһ롣
ι簡Ҵ绰ʲô飿ǲǻǼС椵ĻͲ洫һ˵ĵЦýʦ¶һĨЦݣֻҪҵˣˡڽԼҪѧУزĹŷ磬ʦҪһȴĽѵ
磬ֵұ˸۸ˡʦһί˵
绰Ǳһ㶣󱻳Ϊ˹ȻЦģ磬˵ɣ˭ֵۣܰѵ̫ͷ϶Ҳ˭
Ļʦ¶һĨЦݣ·𿴵˹ŷ类õĵӡ
һѧŷ磬ںѧУĽٻһӦҪȥԷʦϽŷ˵һ顣
ˣҵĺϢѡǱ߱Ц˵Ȼ˵绰
ŷ粻֪ԼѾ˸ʱϽٻһǰһѧУſȥ
ʦҪҳʲôóԵģһ·޻ŷеܲѹ֣Цſڴ֮ĳĬ
ŷĻٻûİһۣ˵˭ҪԷƤ񣬶ҾͣҲѧʦԷʦѧĵ
ûǮŷһӡ
ٻȴᱻƭֻһĽӴٻ֪ŷ粻ǱϿô򵥣СӺأ¹𶼶ͿԲһˡûǮٻˣŷһ磬ҲһûǮĺӡ
˭Űٻһм˵
֮һ㶣ɫЩ죬ٻͻȻʶݣӦֿ͹ŷ˵ġô˵ҲǹŷİΣǸղ˵ʱ̬ȴһС¡
뵽ٻаԼĲҪȻ뵽һ档
ʦôˣƻһÿĽŷЦ˵ýٻЩ飬оŷǿ˼һ


11 㻹ǴŮ
ٺ˵ҾͶ㲻ˡٻɫͨ죬ӶһСȭͷв
ŷٺһЦûзֻһ˫۾ȴЩȣýٻĻҲ˵ɫ졣
ʦȥԷȥ
һ·ŷûеط̲סʵ
һСݣǲϲĻԲȥҿʡһǮءһ۹ŷ磬ٻû˵
˭˵ȥʦͣҲȥһٷһҪԵģ˵СݣéȥԷҶҪȥŷЦƶ
ȥéӳԷأûĻһ䣬ٻ˵ˣĻᱻŷ
ʱ˵ǰ棬ס˵ȥ·
һȾһͷëŹŷˣЦӴⲻǽ˵ôе㲻أԭҵһСôĿŵһǲ̫Ҹˡ
Ҳʶ㣬ҹٻɫһŭ˵
ֻǿӣȴǲʶԷŹŷ磬ٻһȥҪƹꡣ
ɩӣôô飬ȻСͲ˵ˣҸ󺰴еģǲе̫ˡһ굲סٻȥ·һƦ˵
ٻɫ쳣ŭŭˣǵҪô
ôͷЩˣҪӼǵǮë˴ָͷһЦ
㤡Ҫȥ
ŷһ߿Ĳˬھ˻ëһ䡣
겪ȻŭǸëЦʲôʱСôĵˣǷ飬ֵ˲СӣҪû¸ԼҲʹ졣
˵ʲô쵰˭ǷޣٻĻ£ָŻë
ѵ˵𣿽ٻҵţڴʱѾˣѵ㻹뷴ڣҼҵһǮϵѧڵϽˣҪũ˦ҸŶûСëЦһƤӡ
ǷǵǮͻˣǮҸǷʲôˡٻŭ˼㣬ԷĹǺһֱʱ̲סˡ
ǮѣΪڴ򷢽лӣĲ޸ҲУֻҪܴӦһëɫԵĴ˽ٻһ޳ܵ˵
ͿĽٻȻûע⵽ë۹⣬ôһ˵ʱ۾һæʵʲôʵǱˡ
ٸǮȻ˯ϡ
ë仰һ˵ٻʱɫ࣬ݺݵһƾͳ˹ȥ֪Է޳ܣȴû뵽ԷȻ޳ܵز
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û뵽ٻҶ֣ëٻһƳϣʱָͷӡӳϡ
һеĽٻȻҲһʶĺë롣
Żëһʱŭˣǰһһٻ˹ȥ
ŮˣҴ磬㡣
Ķ׺ݣٻסˣˡ
Χ˷һЩĵı۾ļôƯһŮӱ

ʱվڽٻߵĹŷ綯ˣһ̤ǰݺݵһ˳ȥС档

귢һҽУŷһŸ߷˳ȥڵϹ˺üף۾һ˹ȥ
һ԰׳գӲǲǣŮ˵ķŷֵ˵ȻëǱ˹ȥ
ٻŹŷıӰͻȻһֽжļѾܾûиֱܹĸоˣĸо
ŷԼ߹ëʱһղ궼ŷһ߷ˣ˵ëҲ֪ԼԲǰСĶ֡
뵽ëǳûתߡ
𣿡
ŷ絭ڻëĶըһ£оƨϴһɴʱǰ˹ȥˤһʺ
Ӹת˹ëվԼǰĹŷ磬Щµغ㲻ܴңǱˣҪңԲŹġ
֣һЩΧ۵˶ЩɫȻƬطЩӰ
ֻǶڹŷ˵Ͳ֪ʲô绢ģҾ֪ˣҲУԶڻëĻû¡
Ҳʲô粻ģԺ㲻׼پٻȻĻҴȡŷ羯ëڽٻŷ绹ǱȽкøеģԴٻ鷳
СӣΪܴţҪǸҶһ£粻ŹġëЦ˵ΪŷǸ
һƬǺܴģԼ֮ǰһﻹҶԼ
ֻǻëȻˣŷںǸʲô硣ëĻŷ۾һУȻԥһŲȥ
ꡣ
ͷѵ𣬻ëһҽУ۾һ˹ȥû뵽ŷ羹ȻĸҶֱ֣Ӳȶһȡ
Χ۵˶ɢˣһŷη壬˭Ҳû뵽СӾȻôȶһ˵һȣȻ治ɫʲôûзһ
ʦȥԷȥɡ
תŷϴЦݣЦ˵
ŷڵı飬ٻ»Ϊղûзκ顣
š
СĻشһ䣬ٻϽ·ǰ棬ʱе㲻ҿŷ磬ʱ䣬ѧ͸̫𾪺;ȣղǺһĻýٻڹŷһ˿η塣
ŷܹܵٻη壬⣬ղųֻ֣ΪԽٻкøУŷ粢ںǲǺԼ
һС棬һζڲԶһСӣĸֵưſڣԵЩƾɡ
ٻͷ˽ȥŷӣ¶һĨЦҲ˽ȥû뵽ٻ;Ȼֻ棬Ҫ֪ŷϲԵĶʳ
ѾŷҲ˼أֻÿˡ
ϰһ壬ǳкٻȻٻҲͣϰҪһ˺֮󣬽ٻҲ
һʱ֮䣬˶û˵ǽٻ˳Ĭŷ磬ղȣ°ɣ
ٻϴһĨɫʱǷӦùŷе̫ˡǵǵĹŷᱻڶڹŷһ㺦£Ѿٻ׵ˣֲɵӣȻ׹ŷΪԼ֣ﻹһ㺦µ
ᣬİɣ£Ҳ˻ΪҰƽġŷ粻İ˰֣Ц˵۾գգŽٻȤ˵ҵǶԽʦеȤǸëʲôϵ
ŷ⣬ٻһ̾ε˵ũĹ˵ҵɷ򡣡
ʲôܣ㻹ǴŮأͿˡŷڷҽ֣һ۱㿴ٻǴ֮йʲôɷ
ô֪ģٻʶʵͨ죬Դ˸첲Уɬ˼㡣


12 鷳
ҽ֡ŷһ˵˵ҲʵڵģƫҽȷʵƵҽ֡
УСƨҽ֣˰ɣҿҩ㶼֪ٻȻţһӵӡ
㲻ţҪҪҸһ¡ŷЦ˵һ˫ӲͣĴŽٻýٻЩڡ
սٻ̲סڵСӣʲôûŮ
ûôƯŮŷڻýٻ죬ͬʱԼȻԼѧǰ˷磬˵СŮһ
ɫٻһ˵ˣ㳶ˣ˵˰Ҷ֪Լ˵Щʲôˡ
֪ʦ˵ʲôˡŷЦ˵
ȥġ
ٻЦ֮ڸղűŷȶһȵѾ֪˸ȥˡ
磬ӱ˸ˡԵҹܻᣬһ䱻˿߽һ꣬еһ˵
ô£§һŮˣµĻʱ˶٣üͷҲ
£Ȼĵϱ˸ˣڱ˵һƣһ˿ŭ
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ϾǻһģҲû˵ֻǶˣµСǶ̫ϲ
ŷ磬еϤüͷ壬оԼ֡
磬ˣղŽǸһһǽŷ𣿡һ̬Ĵ󺺣ǹŷܹϳ˾ǵ¸磬ҫѰҹŷģǱһԱ󽫡
¸Ļ¶Ȼɫˡ
Се˼׺Ȼôˣ£ȥѵһСӣֳȾͿˡ絭ķԸ
û⡣˷ܵشϲľǴܡ
ŷȻ֪鷳Ҫˣʱһţáŷ֪һ澹Ȼôóԣ̾Ĳˡ
ϰ壬գǹʴȲϣôȥһõĵ棬϶ܻġŷЩʵϰĳʵ̫ˣһһĵ棬ܴ
ҪôǮʲô׬Ǯ㹻һˣٶҲûã֪ˡϰЦ˵쳣
ŷͷЦģ֪֣ϰľܸ߰Ե̾ȴһĸоýٻЦɵ˵ˣ˵˼뾳ܸһŶʮ꣬ͬѧ
СҾ粻ߡŷЦ˵һӣýٻϰ˶Цˡ
ˣ뿪ûжԶ㱻һȺ˸סˡ
ͷİ£ٻɫ䣬ŷתҪܡ
ʱҲ߰˸ˣ˵·ضˡ
ãʲôܰһЦ˵һ˫۾ͣĴŽٻ壬ɫЩ̰
ٻɫɫЩף֪鲻ˣЩ˾Ȼô˹֪鲻ˣŷȣǲŹŷġ
¸磬ˣֻҵѧʲô鶼ǹȶȵģɡٻһ˵
ҡҡͷЦ˵ǸûҳͷʸСӵ鷳ΪӣΪһˣҲûã˵ˣСӵȡ
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ŷ統ϵ⣬ûпǹŷԸԸ⡣
ɡŷ̲ס˳ð»ȻɫٻɫӵĲ԰ף֪µģĻܹȵġ
˵ˣŷ硣ٻС˵¹ŷ罫¸ŭˣʱĺ»ء
ŷȴҡҡͷɵЦʦİɣһȺèˣһֻ־ܽȫſ¡
˻һһȺɫ䣬ŷгŭ⡣
СӣûǸȴ˵󻰣ɭɭ˵
׳ա
ŷش𰢵µֻ֡
Ū´ŭһ
ʮΧ˹ýٻɫ԰ףȴȻ¸ҵվ˳Ҫڹŷǰ档
һֻı۰򽫽ٻסŷͳĻﴫٻĶУΪһˣôŮ˵ǰأʦİɣЩﻹ˲ҡ
ͳһ˵ÿֶ·ûڽٻϣɫЩ졣
ʱ򣬹ŷ˳ȥ

һ˹ȴŷ׵Ķ˹ȥȻһڻǰ߷˳ȥڵ
ŷ綯ͣٴγһ졣
ԶԷŷȻ壬һȭݺݵ˳ȥٶȼ죬ڶԷĶ棬ָɵһ
ɾĽˣðһȺɫû뵽ŷ羹Ȼôõ֡ʱºȻֲõԤУҲԼЩҪһ
ʱȴǵӵʱ򣬵¸ŭϣҾͲСͷۡ
һȺ쾫һٴΧֻʱǶڹŷҲûаӣһɫء
ԶǷʹٶ࣬ôأŷһĨЦݣˡ
ٶȺܿ죬һһǰȻݺݵһڶԷĶ棬߳Զ
ʮˣӵʱ䣬ȫ򵹣ڵšֻһ»վţֻɫȴѿ˼㣬ŷ˿־塣
ûмôܴˣʹ磬ųһƬϵˣҲûôֲӴ򵹶ʮˣǿ֡
ۼŷԼɫ䣬ԥתܡ
ȥ
ŷɭȻðµܶٶȱøˣԼһͣ½֮ЩСҪòȥ

ðû뵽ǣŷĻ䣬о󱳱һţȻֱˤڵϣˡ
ϽתŹŷ磬ɫдĽ䱸η塣
㲻ҪҵֻҾվҿŷ˵磬ֱ䵽µ۾Уһ¡
ˣҲˡ»æ˵ʱ쳣ֱһûС
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ֵܣ˴ˣҴˣҸǸµ˵Ҫŷ粻׷Լ
Ҹ㡣ŷȻ˵
һ㶣ЦôǮ
ꡣ
ҵʹӰϴŵĶŹŷ磬ԷȻȸȶˡ»ȴûвҽгֻҧĿ֨ŷгԹ
ڴıһҪǵһ£ɹǺصģֻǶһȣһҲϵľǲˡŷ絭˵һľĺ⡣Ȼʱİ¶Թŷ˺⣬Ҳһ£Ǳŵá
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ŷ뿪֮󣬰лѵŬߵʵ
㿴ҵӣû°ɣ쵰Ҵ120˸ԹɫŹŷȥķŭһᱨģŷҵš
ֱص׺ѧٻǻָоԼСֱŷţٻɫһ죬Ͻָ˻
ʦղûɣŽٻϵĺΣŷЦʵ
ŷᵽղŵ飬ٻϵĺʧˣȡ֮һѪɫûУŷ磬Ͻ뿪׺аɣ˰ǣǲŹġ
ٻһѪɫûУ뵽ŷ˰ǵغҪ赹ĳ嶯
ûµģһȺåѣһ书ǵġŷһֵָӣȻⰢǵı
ֺ֪ãֻǿĺᣬ书ٸߣܴˣ¿Ǳ£ֵмءٻһı飬ϣŷڵĴ
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ŷһνӣٻҲûȰ֪ȰҲûáϾŷϴѧģܸҪ뿪ѧУ
󣬽ٻֻε˵ðɣֻǧҪע㣬ٳѧУҪʲôĻһʱҴ绰
ŷͷǴӦ˽ٻҪֻǵʱ᲻һˡ


13 
ʲô±СӴȣ
ԵҹܻᣬµĻ㱨һŵı顣
ǣ¸ǶʮˣȫСӸɷˡ㱨ɫҲÿ֪𾪺ţΪϢʱ򣬵һӦҲǲܡ
һ˴ʮһǳֿȭֲ硣ֻȻţʵȴǰݲɡ
磬ô죿Сʵͬʱűɫű뷨
һݵͺͷվ˳һ˿ݣô죿СܴʮҾͲܴһٸҴȥСӡ
ͺͷ˽ŽƽʱͰµĹϵܺãµȱˣһӦǸ
˵Ҫ߳ȥһȴŽסˣһ˭ҲȥǸŷˡ
ΪʲôŽתű磬ϴŲɫ
ѵС̫޿ҪģǱ𣬶ǲСӵݣ֮ǰ˭ҲɭȻ˵Žһ¡
֪ˣ磬ģСӵͷ֮ǰҲᶯŽϽ֤֪Ƣģڲˣֶκ˼㡣
ŷ뽯ٻֿˣᣬֻû߳Զһ뿴һˡ
һ˶װԵ쳣лŮǱˣԳƹŷδ޵λ
ʱŮȴûеʱֺһķ꣬꣬ȫһֺõЦݣͣĺŮ˵Ż໥֮ʱȴһ⡣
ŷĿתûпŮֱǰȥ
Ůŷ磬¶Ҫ˵ı飬ϳ˹ŷˡ
һߵӬŮͻȻһת뵽һ⣬ɫ͵֮þϲޱȣֱӳŷӭ˹ȥ
Ϲ˺÷Ǿҡ
ŷŮԼʱ򣬾֪ãȻŮһ˵֮󣬹ŷ֪ԼǱԷˡ
Ůһ§סŷһֻ첲һܵӡ
Ůߵɫ䣬ǵŮȻܵ§ű˵ĸ첲һԷϹܡ
λֵܣƲǺõģȰ㻹Ǳ¡У΢һ꿪˵
ΪŷŮʶùŷֻŮʱҵĵơ
ʲôƣϹ־͸δˣֻԼŶѣ㿴˰ɣԺ㲻ҪپˣȻϹ㲻ġĻŮȻһмĶŶԷ
Ϊ־ɫ˹ŷһۣЦҵҪ֪һôҲ
ŷ籾ڿЦһ仰û˵ʱȴ̲סԷȻ˵Ƿ޿̡

˭û뵽ŷᶯ֣־ŷһڶ棬ҵʹֱ˵ϡ
ǷȫҶǷŷһˬų־ٸϼš
һߵŮŲԣϽסŷ磬Ȼһָ˵ôôúõĶָʲô
ҾǱߵǸСӣҲעһ㡣ŷ˵˵ţͷһˡڵϵĳ־ŷûȥ򵹵ĵˣûбҪٹעˡ
ɫһ䣬Ǹüͷ˵ûɣ
ЩƣҪ֪Աһ仰û˵Ȼû뵽ŷ羹ȻսյԼˡ
ڹŷ磬ЩɵܹΪŮδȻһˣҿŷ羹Ȼ־׺г¼ҵĴٶҴЩò׼ŷͷ
ˣ¿ţʵǷǳСĵģȻԸһƺͷ˽Թ
˭֪ûҡŷЩǿʶŭͬʱ׼ŷĵϸˣҪ֪ƽʱûôţڹŷı֣е̫ǿˡ
ˣҲ˵ԺҪδޣȻĻҶǲһҴһΣΪʲôƨҵͷܹŵң竣Ӽˡŷ羯ˣȻһ§סŮﳤȥ
վɫ첻ôǵһôŵˡֻǹŷĵϸԲ͸ҷѡ
쵰һҪһĵϸôһûгԹôıأҪ֪СװƣĲкݺݵ˵ͬʱһۻڵϵĳ־һ˿мת뿪
ŷ§ŮУ԰·ϣһһ㣬ܵĲˡ
ܶѧڹŷͶĽɫŮúУģӵһŮѣκ˵һĪҫ
ߵһ˵УŮͻȻ˹ŷ֡
ռ˰ɡŮЩŭ˵ҹŷ統ƣó־ŷ緢ͻһ߿ЦЦûпɣȴŷռһ·ıˡ
Ϊղŵ飬Ůܵڷ򴫵˳־˵ĶУ˸Ҫˡ
Ůʣŷüͷǹһ˿аЦȻҵƣ竷ͻԺ֪Ҫж鷳أҵȻҪһЩ꣬§һ£ԶԶġ
ôŷҸ㣬⣬ǲһˣʣڻԼǲҶģҲͬ⣬ʲôǷ֮롣Ů˵ŷǳӺͳ
ŷ类Ů񿴵Щˬɫҡ
ŷ仰Ůʱһʶ˿˼Ůǵһιŷ˵仰֮󣬺ݺݴһƨɡ
㡭㲻׼ΪţŮ˵Щˣɼŷŵòᡣ
ΪʲôҪģ
ŷ緭˸ۣȻһΣŮߡŮûзӦʱŮᱧϡ
쵰ŷ磬Ҫ
ŮУȻѲ˰ˣƨϴһʹĸŮΣٴܵ˹ŷƵϮ
ƣŷɿ֣һ˫ģһĨЦ⣬Ů˵ãʹ£СҼסˣԺ׼ˡ
Ůŷվתߡ
ŮֻǹŷȴûлͷŮֻҪˣҪܳͷŷɲΪԷǸŮʲôϧ뷨
ŷ磬ɫǣ쵰ҵţһᱨġŮԶ
ŷֱӣûŲͣһ뿪
صᣬǶûڣȻ֪ȥˡŷҲ⣬ֱɵϣȻ۾
û˯мҴĹҽľǹżӵܱһڹҽƼŷǳõЧ
ҽľΪ㣬ŷڵڶжΣƼЩģȵҽľﵽʱǸʱ򣬹ŷͿԴĶƷˡ
һֱ˲ǻŷڴϵʱ˶һۣһȥ
ŷ类һҺǰ˵ĽŲ˽ǰչˣȻĻԻᱻ˶Ū߻ħɡ
۾ŷò׽˴Ϻȥ
ŷ磬ҾѾ߹ˣȴû뵽ǵ͹̫ͣˡһı顣
ǰŮĪС£ȻǰνʦΪͳ־־˷ͻʤԷձ˹飬ŷ̫ţˡָͷһоٳŮˣŹŷһı顣
ұΪңڿҴˣŷһ硣һı顣
˵Ļŷ緭˸ۣû˵ϹʲôĪСҵĹÿ¸ҿʣҰߵĲӬڽʦҲˣȫһ⣬ʱҸ֪ʦΪǺһѧأǸʲô˭Ҹʶ˵Ǹ־Һһ
ŷŬ䣬벻־˭ó־֪ôʱ䣬ŷѾˣ϶ѪôӣЩ߰˵Ҳһ޷ܵ衣
У˭šһԹŷָѹĻ
ŷһƣȻ˻ûлشء
Ǹ˭ŷٴһ顣
Ĳ֪һŵı飬ùŷ൱ˬ֪ǲ֪ûбҪѡ
Ȼ˹ŷĲͷ˵ʱһڹŷ֣ǿģһϣĶ֣һѹŷǼˣǽѵһپͲˡ
뵽ɷ˷ԼС۾شǸŮԳδޣҲһУ
Ŷ˵ˣԭû뵽ȻУĸϹģѾͷҲܽƯĪСºͽʦˣǽǸСѾͷҲƯŷһм˵
ˣŷˣѧУ浱֮ŮȻƯȣ΢һ㡣ŮйӴļһ˵㲻ʲô


14 ս
ɪˣΪ㻷Ǻ£ջˮľУĪСǱߵҫٻʦ׷ߣн㷢ͻĳ־ͺ־һʡ͵ĵƣСⲻһˣҪһ١ɫѵõüͷ΢壬ȻΪŷ絣ġ
һҲŷ磬ֺ֪ܺã˫ȭѵ֣ǧҪ⡣ɵĻҲѹŷ硣
׷ߣֻг־ͺ־һˣŷҪעˡȻԵǷϣֻǹŷȴͻȻͻȻϣܵһɺ⡣
˭ŷ̲סʵ
һȭ֣Ҳ׷δ޵Ϣ»㡣˵ֵʱ۾һĨ⡣
ùŷЩ죬һǷϵӣûйᵽʱȴʧ̬Ρ
ʶǸ󣿡оһ˳ȴΪ϶ԼĲ²⡣
ԥһ£ǵ˵ͷ˻Ҫڣü˵ҪˣֻҪ֪һﲻһöĺֲֻܿͿˡ
˵Щ岻˵߻ԼĴ̣ȥȻһЩ飬ʱ֪
ŷҲ֪˵ЩʲôԼ飬Ը˵Ҳܱ
һҹ޻峿ĵһʱ򣬹ŷ۾
ŵ´ϴϣȻ߳ᣬٳȥ
ڲٳ˼ȦŷĳһƣҪһ̫
δŷ磿
һȴ˹ŷĶüͷһ塣
תȥһĸߴ꣬վһԼߣСΧƣ¶һƦ
鷳ˡŷӣ뵽ֻȴûκα飬ŶԷ˵ǹŷ磬˭
ŷûгδҲûзϣԼûбҪ˽ʲô
Ӧ˵ң׺ѧȭһ󡣡Ȼ˵ȻԼͷǳԺ
û˵û߿ҳŷ絭˵
ֵĮıЩŭΪԼͷһ˵ŷ缴ʹŵһ£Ҳõȥڿȴǻ£ŷƽû˵ͷһ
Сӣ밤ǲǣֿͱ˵ߵһС˳һŵָŹŷ˵

һ죬ǸС걧Ŷӵ˵ϣΪʹɽɫˡ
ֵĹŷ磬ûµһһȻ˵ֻϲˣϲ򡣡
˭Ҳû뵽ŷȶ֣ЩסˣǷŭ˵棬Сܸˣúûӣϻ
һ֣һȺ˽ŷΧм䡣ɫĶڹŷϣʱ׼֡
ܣŷüͷһӣ޾Էôˡ
ǿѹŭû̶֣˵ҲҺһԣ
ʲôԣ
ʮ룬ǫ̃̄ϼ뿪ΣŹŷ磬ӦĻ󲻽ﶯ֡
ĻŷЦˣһĨаЦȻô붪ˣȻûʮ룬ȭ粻ɢ
Ӧ˱ԣŷɨһΧԼǣĿڵǿԹ˰ɣÿ
Եŷıֻܹݡ
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һ˿⣬Сܷ𱻹ŷǸС꣬Ȼ뿪ˡֻǴɫѿʱӦ쳣ŭġ
СɫЩɻǻûмôѹԼԷôĲˣȻûзе㲻ϳ
ڴҲ̫ǸСˣҪȫУǰˡ˵ԼĴ㣬С¶ȻɫԼϴĴ㡣һȺ˶¶ڴɫеСѾԺлŷ类򵽹ĵ龰ˡ
ŷصҵʱĿⶼеϣгͬ顢мЩͷԡ
ߣŷЩʵʲô飿ôҿҵô֣
ûлشŷ⣬ɫЩʵǲҪԣ
ǰô֪ģŷЩ죬Ϣôô졣
˹ŷ϶Ĵ𰸣¶һĨЦڲ֪ˣȫУ¶֪ˣҪͽϢѧУˡ
һΪҳ̫˧ԽҶóݵңԭǰơŷһʧӣֱҧһﵽû˵Ļص㡣
㲻ıԣҧ˵
ʲôõĵģǼһҪԼҲʹ죬õĵԼҡ
ŷһӣûнıԷϡ
ŷӣɷˣ۾һ˼˵аܴӮ
⻹˵ָһС˼
ŷӣ˲ˬĶһָ
ڿҪϿεʱŮڽſڣ˵ҶеԵſڵŮ˸ġŮǳļʣͬһҪŮˡ
Ů֣ȴһбԼˡ
Ůһ֣˽ŮķͷȻЩŮˡ
ŷҲŮĪСºͽȡ˵Ҳ֪Ů϶Լġ
ȻĪСֱŷ˻֣Ȼ󺰵ŷ磬һ£㡣
һ˲䣬ĿתƵ˹ŷϣЯĽʺ޸۹ⶢڹŷϣȻƤҲЩڡ
վŷȥʱ򣬽ٻҲ˽ſڣĪСˣʱһ¡
ĪСºͽڰ׺ѧŮ񼶵֪ȣٻҲʶǣֻǲ֪Լʲô
ֹţڿŷ֮߳󣬽ٻһ¡
ҪʲôȥٻʶľͿһ䡣
ʦе飬ϿΰɣùҡŷһĿĪСºͽȵɴ۾ѧϿλôȻģǶš
ĪСºͽϵǽٻķӦ˹ŷĻȻһķӦûУ˵ͷȥɣϿΡ
˶Իʦ˵ѻࡣ
ĪСºͽѧУĴţŷͽٻ֮ʱЩ
ٻȴûз˵˵껰˽ңڹŷ粻ϿΣȴȥѣȻû˿Ĳ
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ŷӦĪС¿һ۽ңȻ˵ǵĵطȥ̸
ŷͷһ뿪˽ſڡ
ѧУĴ·ϣѧˣ¶ԾɫϳĪСºͽٻݣ˾Ȼһһ⡣
ҵʲô飿һ·˶ûп˵ļ󣬹ŷȴ
ĪСµĽŲͣתŷ磬ǲҪ
ԡ
ŷϣû˿ԥ
ܱܲȥԣĪСµ˵СĽģŵǵɫ
ĪСµĻŷɫЩ죬һ˫ӽĶĪСµϣǴһĨаЦڹң
ʲô㣿
ŷĻ䣬ĪС¾һмӡֻȴЩ˸ڹŷĿԵЩ顣
Ҳоģڹҡ
ûУˣֻǲٻһڶѣˣô㡣ĪСƲƲ첻м˵ı粵
ȵһ˫ԲԲĴ۾һ߿ţڰ׷ӿĪС£һ˿Ц⡣
㡣
ڹŷҪʤ׷ʱһŭӲԶ˹ҫжðˣݺݵĶڹŷϣļֱҪһ
ҫϿΣ˸иĪСһ뿪˿ã˹ȴû뵽ǸνȻǹŷ磬Ǹһεļһ
̤Ьٴҵˣ˵Ҫɱ㡣ҫŭ죬ʱʲô󶼱ӵһȥˣȫҪŷ磬ҪԼεļһ˵ġ


15 ҽ
ҫ̸ĪС½侲ŷеĻͲһҫŭ𣬹ŷݺݵĵһۣҪѧоԶ㣬ķ
ѧʮ˴˵Ҵ㡣
ЩҫһֱһɻʱˣﻹģֱӾͳ˹
ҫҪʲôס֡ĪСɫһͬʱƶҪڹŷǰ档
Ůˣÿ˵飬ԼһֻֽĪС¸ץס󡣹ŷĮȻĿųҫɫ
ȥ
ҫǿֵڴһпƿֲɫһֺֻݺݵŷĲ˹ȥ
ĳŷıУǲҲòȥ
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ŷ˵һֻҫץסȻ߳һţҫСϣȻݺݵĽҫ˦˳ȥ
һҫڵϣˤ죬¶ŵɫû뵽ԼȻǹŷĶ֡
ɨҫһۣŷЦΪһӵĹ򣬾ܹΪΪܴ˶಻ʤֻǸһСѵպҪٷҵϣʱҿɾͲˡ
ҫԹŷ޵˼㣬ʱȴ˵ŷֲֿĳȻֵʦҲûйŷô
ߡ
˵껰ŷ粻ҫĪС뿪ȵŷӰ֮󣬲мѧ˹ҫ
ݺݵ˦ѧĲҫԹŹŷ뿪ķɫĿ¡
ղһΪҪҫأôã̽ôһݵӶŹŷ磬ѾǵһμʶŷˣȴȻǳ𺳡ܵʱŷʮ㣬˵ڽȵмֱ˧ˡ
ô
ŷᶨľܾôףһŮ϶ԲǸࡣҲûͽͷȻܴӦ
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ֹһ䣬ҲûʲôʧɫùŷҲʱ⣬ܾȻҲ̫ʧ䡣
ŷûĿתĪС£һϢҫǼһԺ󲻻ˡ
ĪСһ㶣Щԡ
ҸղСӵ϶˵ֽţ죬ҫͲһˣٲһȫˡŷ绵Ц˵ҫֵĺݶùŷԸȻԸô׵ķŹҫ԰һЩֽš
ĪСºͽȻû¶ɫ
а̾˵Ĵ࣬ŷٴν͵ҷҫ˵ԺҲϲŮˡ
ʲô
ŮľˣͬʱЩţֻŷ罫ҫ˦˳ȥĸͲ֪
ұְһҽһҽҪһ˶ֽ̫ˣҪǲţ쿴ҫı仯ͻ˵ĻˡŷЦ˵
ȻǲţĪСԺͻȻʱһĻǸʱĹŷ磬ڵ˸βֻǵʱΪŷƭˣû뵽Ļҽ
Ҳ˵Ҳ˵ĪСа뵽
ЩľҪȥĪС¾ɻᣬһ˫Źŷ磬ýġ
ģѾӦսˣȻŷʮֿ϶Ļش
ĪСɫһʲôû˵תߣȻŷˡ
ŷһȻС˵Сˣ군ˡ˵С׷ĪС¡
ŷûͼǲԸһʲôԲģûܹӰ쵽
뿪ŷҲؽңУ԰
׺ѧľɫǺģռغܴ󣬹ŷаСʱķ羰
ͻȻŷ翴һϤıǳ¹סЦЦԼ֮£Ȼߵطˡ
ȻȥϵĲôˣ˲һŷˣȥһ
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ңŷ硣
ŷ磬ãȥأû뵽ˣϵЦŴˣŷ˽ȥ
г˳¹ˣһǰ׺еһҽԺԺᡣ⣬һߣͷ۾ֻȴһ棬һ꣬Ρ
ߺƷǷ۾ŷ翴ֺ棬߷λߵѹùŷüͷ΢΢һ壬漴չˣǸûиоһ
ŷ罫ĿͶ¹´һŴһЦ˵ϻָĲҵҩȥڣķʪͿȬ
Ѿ˵ˣҪллС㣬ȻĻҿµҪܵʪĥ¹һĸм˵ֻ˷ʪˣ֪ʹһ꣬ʹĥȥġ
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¹һԴЦӣԽԽͿˣСſ
ŷԥһ£Ȼ˵ͷЩĿһǸߵȣһ˿ȡ
Ὣŷı鿴У¶һĨЦ⣬ܹµŷʲô
һ˽ӣ¹ΪŷܣϵһۣЦ˵˸ˣСţҵһλѣ񻪣㺰ϾͿˣλӿ
Ŀת񻪣˵Һ˵Ĺŷ磬Ҳκҷʪƫҽ֮ᶼ硣
һ仰ùŷЩˣϽ˵˵ЦˣԺǰҽȺɲֺܱȵģһкܶطҪͻǰѧϰء
ŷĻ˵ĺǫ飬ЩǫˡǱģҽгɾ͵ҽǵ²˫ֵܰ𾴡񻪷׼ҽǵ¸أɲһĻӡ
С̫ǫˣ֮ĪǿҩҲ쳣ҽԲͷ֮°Ц˵ֻףԹŷ䣬ȴƫҽֳɾͣǶô죬ַ֮Ͻ˼ʮһЩĴʦδܱȵϣȻľԼҽȹŷҪߡ
εĿüͷǰ໥һ٣ͻȻڵϼһôˣôһëСôģʲôҽСıһƭӡ
˻һ澲ŷ籾һĨЦݵϣʱҲ
үүǿЦģŷ⣬˼ĬƽʱϲЦεķ˸ۣεĽ͵ΪԼүүĻԲ
пЦһƢֱʲô˵ʲôͲΣԽ֮أÿ쳣ͷۡ
ƽʱˣ޷ҶүӵԸ񣬵Ҳ֡һȴһİˣҶԷƫҽɲΪͳ¹˻ᱻƭû汾£ôκó¹ķʪܹõϿɺƳ硣
ƫҽִҽʦִһ㶼кܹһƫҽɲʲô飬һŵ͸ΪЧ͡
ⲢǺ˵ύһҽʦΪһ㱣գؼʱ̿ԾʵˣҲԸⲻֶεİͽǵġ
ҹŷŶ󣬾Ѿƫҽˣܹɳʲô磬ܹԤֵ֪ǿ͸ʱύ
ҴЦҾǲһëСӣȻǵ¸صƫҽҪţó֤տƾһ˵ÿЦ֪һ


16 һа
Сƫҽƣ֤ݡῪڣɫЩãԼеˡ
ƫҽΣԼ죬ҾǲôһСӣͻƫҽƲƲ˵ûۣһҲ̫˰ɡ
޻˵¹𶼲֪˵ЩʲôˣѵĹִֵ۵ĸо
Ҫô֤ʱŷͻȻˣɫƽϲûһ
һ㶣ЦָԼ˵κҵȣҾݡ
ǧҾͰΡŷĵ˵ü˶סˡ
ǧɲһСĿȻõóҲҪǿǡ
ֹùŷҪЩˣߵĳ¹ȴĶϽһѽס
죬ǹŷСѵ飬Լ
᲻˵ˣֻɫЩɻĳ¹𲢲ԹŷҪôǮ
Ҿ˵һƭӣȻˣҽ̰Ǯġɫ䣬˵
˳ߣβĲȢߣշǸ˰ˣβ㣬Ҳǿ󡣡ŷɫһĨȻڿĺЩ
ãΪ˽ҴƭӵĿҴӦҪ󡣡񻪴ӻóֽ֧Ʊֱӿһǧ֧Ʊ˹ȥ
ʹ첢ûڳ˾ȣ˿Ҷ¶һȻɫ
ŷӹ֧Ʊװڴ·ǲǧ֧ƱֻһűֽƬѡ
һ£ˣڳϼҵţһΪƵġŷ˵Ȼվ
¹ͻҪվԼŷϽ˵ϣǰأǾͱˣԼ߾Ϳˣôġ
ͳ¹Цŵͷû
ŷ뿪֮󣬿һЦʧȡ֮һĨ΢Ц
Сӣֶκ׾ӰüСŰƣҲһ£ҪСһ֮£Сβҿô졣¹е˵
ǰ֮Уаǣţ㻵˴£ǧ㱾óġɫҲһ˿ãѵΪЩˡ
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ֻ֮ǰܹԼվߵķǰͷҾˡɫдһĨ̾Ϣ
ͳ¹˵ˣ˺֪Ĳ
ɫЩȻүү˼һֱȴΪҲ˺ܶҽȴûһܽ񻪵ȸκõġ
ЩҽҽУүү̫ˡ
ڤ뷨ϣǸйŷ꣬ʹ뷨
ŷܸˣΪ׬ǧ򣬶ΪĲҪһˣ񻪵ȵëȻǲƵѳ̶ȣȴԵһʹãҽ
Ȼŷ翴˿ڼԼҲȻҪƣֻǧѡ
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Щһһ˴ܾãȴһٵķڹŷϣѧ֪һʲôˣ
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Դֻмļһôû
ȭһ䣬һŮվΧѧԾǱһľ룬żһۣϴžηɫǾ仰Ů˵ģһɫзĶ̷ɫдһĨм
㣬СӵʵǲģֻΪ̫һ㣬ȻĻΪ£һѡ񡣡ΪڿڣдһĨȤ
˰ɣһ蹷˵£һû˵Լġһҡҡͷ˵
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㣬㿴Ǹŷ磿ʵ˶Ŀ⼯еŮϣϴһȻ
ҡҡͷŮЦ˵ǿãǸȤһԤУҲҪԴ
Ůô˵һ˿ɫ״ζԹŷ
̨ôվ̨ϣһ˫۾ɨķ˶ͷȥˣӡ
󿴵Ůʱȴɫ΢΢һ䣬΢΢˵ͷеǫĸо
һﻹǶءŮЦ˵
˵ͷȻԵǿƣȴ֪֪֮ЩԼﲻģһֱڣûг¡
ʱ䵽ʮ룬ŷȴûг֣ɫЩѿ
·ѾɣԼܵƭ
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һĳɫѿŭһۣ˵֪ҲСӺˣŲҹҪλͬѧԺһս
ս飬ţ֪֣縱糤ԲԼĶ֣ԲŸ޿֡
ɫһ䣬û뵽ȻսԼʵŲٵĲ̨࣬˶ˣĽ
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ãȻĻҾһսҵʶʶʵǲôʸ񡣡ŭ˵һ׼̨ˡ
ʱһĶһ١
ҪǾûҵˣҾȰݰˣˡ
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¶һĨϲ⣬˵Ҫߵʱ򣬶ʱˡ
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ҭһ£ǿһĨЦ˵ҶΪ룬ⳡսģҲķͷȥɣԼ˵ȥɡ
Ϊùŷе״ˡȴںֻҪһ΢ԲеԸ⡣
޳ܵģûмô޳ܵģҷˡƤôļһŷ綼ˣļһ˵
ϼ鶯һŽǰԲѷļһ߳ȥ뵽ŷ֮ҪԼͷ
ллҵĿ佱
˵ŷüͷȻ߷ߵ˵
˾˱Ժ󣬻Ҫ˸лһҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ΪŮҲ¶ЦɫŷгȤı鱻Ǹһͷ췢꿴Уʱɫŷг˺⡣
ۼԼŷһԼǸͲ̨ӣ˳һμô޳ܵˡ
ΪԼ彡룬ҧ˵ллĿ佱
л㱾ͲһöӦõġŷֵ˵һܴȵӡ
ðֲһУҲҪŷзϵĳ嶯
ɳ嶯ûлΪжʱ򣬹ŷѾһְֻ̨ϣȻ̨
ְɣҸʱ䣬ûиղǸ׳պ棬Ҵһд㡣ŷ֪ʲô͵ǿƶȻĻɫ
·ѧǸǻȻ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻôǿƣȻҪһд
Сӣ
˵˸޾ŭ⡣
ıŷŭˣȻ˵Ҫһаȭг֮󣬴û˸ô˵ء
ϻࡣ
ŷ˵һûнеӡ
ӵϢ游״С䣬һȣ֪ǿ˶ٱʹЩνȭֵ֣ڹŷҲսˡ
ȥ
ŭ߳֡


17 ī
Ϊȭ֣ȴûýŹȭͷһȭŷգȭܹеȭʮ㡣
ǿǲɷϵģҪȻҲܱ׺ѧһԣⲻıйϵҪΪ֡
ŷҲЩȻǲܺȵģѡȭͷԱʾԼԹŷӡ
˶Ϊŷ㲻ȥܶ˶֪ŷȻ룬ȴûΪŷĶ֡
ŷ綨վǱɵһ
һ˿мЦݣ¶ʤȯյı顣ȭͷݺݵ˹ȥҪڹŷϡ
ʱ򣬹ŷ֣һѸ٣סһֺֻݺݵһƳ˳ȥϡ
İʱȻѸٱɫŷһƵ˶Ծ
˸ɫŷг˾衣
˲֣ȴǳ˽⣬ȻҪ󣬶ûôףҪһֽţǰŷļһȻô򵥵ĳһơҿһƵȣǿ¶
Ůһ˿ȵĹâŷЩһĻߵĺ췢ĿУʱһ˿⣬ŷҲó˵⡣
̨ϵ󱻹ŷһƣԴֱͬһײһ۾һһҪεڵϡ
ŷȴûзſ֣סһֻͷϵ¡
˹ԼʶҪվѡֻһȥһûС
ʱԼʲô飬Ҳ̫ɵˡ
ûŬ̧ͷһ˫۾ŷ磬ѵ˵Բ𣬹ŷ磬Ҵˣԭҡ
ĵǸѧȻһ¶ŵɫǿƽʱŰԵ춼ͱһʲôʱڱ˴ˣȻǸǸо˼飬е˺ݺݵһԼҪ֪ԼǲΡȻٶ֮⣬ǺЧԼȷʵûΡ
Щ˵Ů˵һ㶼ȣԸǺ͵ӲǺʶʱ񣬲ΪһʱԴֻҪоܿĴڣԲӲš
һʵˣνʲôϣֻҪԼøþС
Ļùŷ綼Щ⣬ҪŪѣٺúõĽѵһ٣ȴû뵽ӾȻôȻԼˣû˽ѵȤ
ԷĶˣٲĸͲһ˵Ϊ֮ûʲô޵ġ
뵽ŷһѽ˦˵סһνѵԺҪˡ
ѵĵͷŷдһĨ־塣˹ŷĳ֣ȴ赲ûУƾһ㣬֪Լﲻŷ硣
ڵﲻˣԸ⵱ӣʹô˵档
С֪Щʲôŷ磿ûŷǿֲ֣ΪϴˣԼЩСܻʲôķҲû뵽϶ģһϴ󣬼˶ֶĸо
ƽʱĺľЩ˿תˣ͵ûϴ
ŷ̨ʲô鶼ûзһֻվǰѧǣĸÿλãͬʱŷг˾η
ܹˣԲܹġ
һĺܿ죬ȴźΪǾԼ֤һǿԺ׺ѧֶһܵˡ
ŷһνӣʤһսо٣һӵߺһͨ˴򶷣ǲءⱾһû˿ıѾע
߳ȭ磬ûΣҹ˹䡣ֻû߶ãһŮȴסȥ·
ŷ磬һ¸ʮҵôбȽ꿪ڣ
һεŹŷ磬Ҫͷ
ţܹʮջɲһСĿܶͥʮġ
ûȤÿ
ŷüͷû˵ΪһƫҽҪ׬Ǯеǰ취һʮĹʶԱ˵ǺܸߣǶԹŷ˵Ŀۡ
ʱӦĪС³ΪıڣֻΪǮѣ˶ڰ׺ѧ˵Ҳ˳ֵ飬Ȼνһ˵£ǾԲܵġѾǧ򣬸ӿνʮˡ
¶һĨʧɫȴԹŷȤˡ
һһ¡ڡ
϶ᾪĿɿڴҪ֪ʱԼСܣҲųʮһµļ۸񣬼ʹ˼־Ǿܾջ
Ҹһ뿪ҵǰҪٷҡŷһͷɫ
˻һɫʱһ䣬´һŷ硣ȻĶܲҲˣ˵óһǾȲܵġ
һ򣿾ʮ¶Ǹ۸񡣡ûпڣһЩȴ
ڵǸһͷ췢꣬ŷ۾еʮ㡣ʱһķ̱飬ùŷ۾
Ǹʲô
ŷɫ䣬Ⱥ췢ǿơ
˵ʲô췢ɫһ䣬Ҫ
ĶŷƵ˵붯֣ҲȫĹͷȴڳļһһϽһץס췢꣬ȥ
Ѿŷ֣֪ԼԲĶ֡
ˣƱ𷢷ˡŮõĿ˺췢һۣĺǳ˻һʱú췢ƾؾصվԭء
ŮЦЦȻԼĶ̷һֻŷЦãҽī㽻һѣ֪ûǸҡ
īЦĺã·ضһأΪĴڶø
ŷһ˿֣ͣסī֣˵ŮҪҽѣҵȻԸˣҿЩ˻᲻ˡŷ翴һۺƣ˼ԡ
תͷ˷߷߲ƽĺһۣīһ˿⣬˵ƣܸܺ͹ͬѧΪǲǣ
ƺ˵ǣīע£ȴ˵ڡ޺޵ĿһһЦݵĹŷ磬Ƶ˵ͷ
ͬѧ㿴ҲѾ̬ˣ᲻˵ģԸ⽻𣿡īĿŹŷ磬һ˫ܽκ˿һ㡣
ŷȻһӣɿī֣˵ͷ
ī¶һĨϲɫ˵ʱ򣬹ŷȴĻ
īͬѧһҪ죬ˣһҪһ
ʲô飿
īЩ棬һμ棬ŷҪԼʲô
ŷЦݣޱȣĿīĿڵĲҪϽˣĻ»ꡣ
˻һīɫ䡣
Ҳһ¶һŭɫŹŷ硣
Ƹ̲ס˳һȭݺݵĴŷ磬ϻ󺰵Ҵ㣬Ҵ㡣
ƸǿͬһȭϢӿ񱩣ŷܹоһ˿ȭͷת
ɫ䣬ͬһȭ
˵ȭͷһ˲ײһ𣬹ŷ΢΢һ£Ȼָƽںǲҽһʮȭͷȫ쳣ˡ
ɫףŷ𾪣֪ŷԼǿȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿôࡣȫһŷ˿δȴѪڣʮȭͷǾԵĲࡣ
һ˵ںƵǰ棬ȴûжֻ֣ǿŷг˺ȻɫһܴܺƵ˲٣һаȴܹŷıˡ
һзĺܿ죬ʱīŷӦ˽ŵӣϽס֣ʯڣǸȥ
˵УīǾԵȨһȻʯЩģҲȥ
īߵŷǰʵô֪ҵĲģ
˻һɫ䣬ī仰ڳ˹ŷղŵĻ


18 
ŷЦЦûлشĻǼʵ𣿡
īĬ˲ǵһμ棬ô˵ԼŹŷ磬ǹŷ˵вҲȫŹŷ硣
֪Һܲʵ㲻һ£ֻ뷨ܹĲңǡǡͶ뷨ŷһνӣֻǼϲҪһѣǶԷͬ⣬Ҳǿ
Ϊһƫҽŷ绹ûдȥƵϰߡ
뷨
īһɻı飬Ȼû˵
Ƕͨˣǳһ£Ӧ֪뷨ˣʱپòҽΣ˵ãһǧ򡣡
ĿɿڴУŷתȥΪʲôŷûдӦҽĻһγֱһǧѣȷʵǲýнһС
㣬Ĳһĵı飬ѯī
ʯҲīɫǡ֮ȻûѪԵϵǹϵܺãֵܽҲȥʱī徹Ȼвһ꣬ﻹ̵ס
û£ǾͲҪˣҲµġ
īɫΪȻɵ˵˼䣬ֻĵȴڿЦôû£Ǽж˼ȫĲڡȻˣīҲֻв
ī˵˶һۣҲûʡīԸǺ˵ʵĻֻС
ŹŷղŵĻһ˿⡣
˲úֿīֻͨһ绰
ιǸ𣿡
ʲô𣿡绰һȵĴȰīůġ绰һīĸīЩΪīĲ飬ѾͬʱԼŮӵ۰
ī¶һĨҸЦݣÿ˵ܻоҸ뵽Լڰ뿪õ磬ɫЩȥ
ôˣֱīЩе𣬲ŽīȻ˻
֣뷨𣿡
īϽʵīﵣģֻǶڸղŹŷ˵Ļϣīҵ˶ʮ궼ûҵĲķôôˣԼˡ
ν뷨īҲǶ׫ġ
ֻīıȴīȣĻ䣬īڵ绰Ǳ߾;һʲô뷨ģ
һ⣬īе㲻ãѵ뷨Ĵڲɣ
͵īһ˼ղŵ˵һ顣
ǸСչţȷûмǴīμīЦãֲɵӣһ˵ֻܼǴ
ûīû˵
ȻûںԼŮīʱԼļī˵̽λҽ뵽ǼϵĲҽżңеһңǵĴٴγˡ
īīĻŪͷתʲôҽ彫ЩͿˣīһȴúףĲϣˡī쳣˷ܣܹţ˭Ըȥ̫õĶֵˡ
īӦȥҹŷ磬绰ǱߵīֿˣˣˣѧУҽ뵽ǼΪβ
īԾָжīݣȻҪǰŷ磬ȫΪ뵽ԼЩΪԼĲķѵľī۾Щ졣
֣лл㡣
īЩʣǸжġ
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ڹŷʱѾ߳У԰ҵУҪǧ֧Ʊ֣Ȼ󿪸ȥ
С㣬ҰȻһ֧Ʊִȥ
һĶ飬ֵŷ磬֧ƱóݸҵԱ
޴ҵԱһŷ񶼲һˡΪŷһУȻһſݸ
ǧǹŷ׺еĵڶ룬ͨ˻һӵʱⶼ޷󼰡
лл
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һһǹָˣһϴһ̵Ӵſ£١
䡣
ը˹һһЩ˾ȻײҪܳȥ
ԡ
ǹһոܵſڵ˺ϳһѪ˵ϣϢĴţۼǻˡ
ˣ˹ŷ磬˶ηŽٷǣվﶯҲҶһ¡
˭û뵽ֻڵӰе٣ȻʵҲзҴͽײиǱ֮ӰĲضá
ٷ˵ͻȻ֣ùŷ綼ûüӦۼϵϢԽԽ΢üͷ˲ӣ˹ȥ
ʲôҶ¡ոտǹǸٷ˼ŷĶʱڶǹָ˹ŷ硣
ݣֻһ˫۾¶棬ɷʮ㣬Ȼʲô֮
Ҿŷɫ䣬ָһǹ˵
ƨϽҶ£ȻҾͿǹˡ
ٷŭһ˿
де˿ŷ磬ȫõǿɵӵԽٷ˾ȻҪȥˣЩ˿ֱЦܹסԼͲˣûбҪΪɥʧ
òã
ŷɫܹоǹڿٵţٲ֣˾ˡ

ǸٷҲŭˣҪ۶
ס֣ȥˣֻƣǲȻõġٷ߳һˣסŷŵĽٷˣĿһ۹ŷ磬һ˿ɵɫ
ղŽŵʱڹŷϸܵһϤϢǹߵϢٷ͹йӴȻһʲôĴڡ
ŷŵĽٷ˲ʵĵ˹ŷһۣȻٹܹŷ硣
ǿʼһ˿סˣ˳嵽̨棬ʼװǮ
ֻһйŷһ㶼ģеʧûʲôϵֻҪ˾Ϳˡ
˵ߣԷ·˺Ȼıϵ˼£ӿѪ˲ֹסˣһĻòٹעŷ綯˵ɴ۾
ֻ⻹ûнŷ뻳һ룬ȻڿҲ˵ĺ󱳣ͬʱ˫˿һģһӵ˳ֱӱŷһץס
γ룬˵ϲͣţеǱܣ޸˿ڡ
һŷ֣һӵǱסˡ
ʱ򼸸ٷѾǮװˣĿһ۹ŷ磬Ȼٵһ뿪
ǰʱ䣬ʮӣһȺ˶쳣ھ컹û֮ǰ֮زز
ֱٷԶвų˸־˶¶ٺı飬Щϲ
ӰпûʲôоֻǾ˼ʵԼϣǾͲˣЩ˵ֱһجΡ
ŷ뿪֪һᾯ϶ͻˣɲ;쵢ʱ䣬˵ѾסˣҲٳˡ


19 
ŷҪѧУֻߵѧУſڣȴ
ãǹͬѧϴҪ㡣һһ뺷Ϣ꣬һ֪ࡣ
ϴ˭
оһŷʵ
ϴ磬ЩˣǱ¡˵ĺף̬Ҳܺãǵ֪֯ˣȻڹŷǰװͷ
ãȥҲء
ŷµ˶Է˭ղŵʻֻҪ϶һ¶ѡұĴ㣬ΪŷҪ׽ٻ
ǰ·һ⳵뿪ѧУ
Եҹܻᣬŷνı磬һĴ󺺣ҲֻǱ϶ѣܹ쵽λõģĸ˾˭ǲıء
ŷʱ򣬱Ҳڴŷûһͻĵطò쳣˹ģǻܵˡһȴӶĽ´ˣֶκһĵ˶оľ
໥ӣ˭Ҳûȿڡ
֮ȴڽ棬۾ŶԷһ˭ȿڣ·硣
ֻûгãһͺͷվŷ˭Ƿ˽ģȥ
ͺͷŽ±ŷˣΪѵЩһֱһ𡣴ʱŷҲ̲סˣҪһ
ûֹڿŷķӦ״ˣôŷҲûӵʸ
һȺСܼŽˣȴûʲôͬıʾʱŷ˹
ŷɫ䣬վֻһĨЦڹ۲ıһ֪ãʱô򶨵ˣɵӣǿߡȻŷԲǰߡ
顣
һȺСܳǻȥͷӵĿ졣ŷ֣磬һȭһҷ˳ȥ
ЩȻ׺Ͼֻͨ˶ѣŷΪߣȻֻжֵľ磬ҲȺܹȵġ
绹֪һ磬ǿΪ𣬳ɱ¾Ѫȡֻһֶѣߺͺܶ೬ȻǶͳһľ绯֡
ӸߵЩǿ߷ֱΪǿߣǿߣǿߣһǿߣ֣֡
ģѾ˵ķ롣ԹŷڶֵˮƽֻҪĳȻǿߣͿԺ޼ɡ
ڱһطСɣȻܴǿߵġ
ԹŷţҲҵԭһȺͨˣٶҲֻϣв
ЩС䵽ĸڵϰĹߣŷһҽĹ죬֪ʲôطΪص˺ЩСһʱˡ
ЩŷŽȥͺͷɫ䡣
ŷ֣ȻܵĿ£֪ԷԼֵܹġ
ס֡
翴һĻûˣŽЩСܲһǱ´󽫣ҲˣǱĶˡ
ֻǹŷĻ𣿺ȻǷ񶨵ģŷһŷҲһ
ԹŷܹϵĳˣŽҪȴȻŷһƳϣ˲ҽһ˳ȥײǽϣֱ˹ȥ
ɫ࣬û뵽ŷ羹ȻôԵĵ϶Ҷ֣Žˡ
ŷ磬̫ˡŭŹŷ磬ҵĵϸҴҵˣˡ
󺰣һȺ˳˽λεĿ
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Ҫùˡˮ
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ɫˣȻҲܵǹϢԼǴ׵ĸһо
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ĻЩСԴЩ֪ô¡ղŻأڱȴԷ˹תеת
벻ףЩСܶûж
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űıݣŷȻ֪תΪʲôȻܹϳɱԷ϶֪ߵĴڣһͨΪУǲɵӡԱΪûбӣĹϻЩ͡
ˣΪʲôϴ󣬶ֻСܡŷЦ¶һĨϲɫܹŷԼ
µŷ֮󣬱ܿ
ǹˣ֪ʲôǣʲô˲ǡһǰҪװӣνĳ嶯ŵһصˣǵֱӸɱˡ
ҹΪʲôҴҲܲµҲƽϣӦһ顣ŷ˸ɳ£۾Ƶ˵
ģұ֤Ժҵ²ٳײнʦԺҲˡ
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˵ʡԺǾˮˮֻһѧûȤǵϵ򽻵
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ҧгݵ˵ŷĿг˷ߺޡ
˭
Ҳǹŷˣǽ챻򵹵ҫֶϱԼԵҹܻзйһЩģȴû뵽˹ͬĳˡ

ŷ磬ҫһ䣬һ㶣һ˿⣬װĵʵҫʶǸСӣ
ɻҶʶҽ첻Ǻ˵ұ˴𣿾Ǹһңŷ磬ѧУѧĪСߵĺܽҫҧгݵ˵ŷ˲ֹһΣΣĳС
ĪСº͹ŷ׽ʱҫ޲ýŷƤǹˡ
ԭйŷ硣૵˵һ˿⡣
ʱҫŷӦЩֵĿһʵʶŷ磿
ʶڴ԰Է˴ˣҲһɵĺ£ʲôŷаʮ춼Ķ֡һƵ˵ݺݵŹŷ뿪ķôܽѵһ١
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ҽҪСӺÿģԵҹܻıҵѣֶΣҪһ˼ʲô¡ݵ˵Ļҫһû뵽Լ徹Ȼɱġ
뵽ŷԼ裬ҫ˲ͬԼ뷨
һ߽Եҹܻᣬֻǵǽͱ˵֮󣬱ȴȻܾ
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пЦһһε˵Ҳ㣬ǸǲүҲǲĵҰѵĻһȰȥǸһ
˵ˣǻױ粻ŷ綯֣Ҳ̫ɵˡڱȰ棬ûȥΪڷܡ
ɫܲÿվŭΪ׺ֻһңڣҪµ˶ǣһ
ĻɫҲû˵ֻĮĿһȻͷȥ
һȻʲôû˵ҫߡ
׺еһ֪Ǽٵ飬ֻҪͷҪʱˣ˭ʱҲտ
ô죿壬һﲻԸ֣ǻ˭ҫЩż˵ļҪ𣬵ȴΪϾǱµѵ£Ҫ붯Ҫٵ˼οǱĴˡ
ԸղŵĶԻȫͲ岻ϻҲҲ廰ȻΪӣһҲҪ
Ը⣬һͷͻأͷͻֻҪǮʲô鶼ԸɣҲڰ֮£ҾͲǸŷжɭɭ˵
ҫϲͻָһƬһϴŻΪ˺ܱ뺷ֻǮˣֻǮʲôԸ׺жŻʵҲȱֻҪϳ֣ҫŹŷ϶Ӳȥ
ãǾȥŻҫЦ
ԵҹܻᣬŽ˿Ѿ˹űʵ磬ΪʲôǲӦǸŷʵ̫ˣҪ鷳ǽ˹ŷ磬Ӯӣܺݺݵ׬һʣôͬⰡ
Ž⣬˶ɻԱԸǮƣûвҪĿܣľ˵ϡ
ӽԺ˭ǸǹŷߵˣͲûˣԼ¥ȥɡûнͣ˵ôһ˶һ
Ž𺳵ĶһۣȻشǡ
֪һ˾Ͳı䣬Ȼɵ÷ֻǶڹŷ磬Щȴ˾ԼԲϾ˵óõΥ˼ʹԼ¥¶ˡ
ˣǶȥɡһ֣ŽǶȥˣֻһ档
ȵ˶ȥ֮󣬱һЦΪҲ׬ǱǮֻҲҪǸУߣңҲǲ𡣡
ʱҲҵŻһЭ顣
ŷȻ֪鷳ѾƽԼˡ


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ٴλصѧУſڣСѾͷѾˡ
ŷһɰòѧĿܶ㿴ֱۡĪСȻֻǹŷȴûдĪСµϷʲô죬аһ
ԼĪСµĸ룬ȥ˱Щ
ˣ߰ɣȥǡĪСޱ˵Ȼֱǰ档
һȻĵĺ͹ŷ˵㵹ùˣСڻأΪԼɡ
Ѿͷһı飬ùŷֲԤУÿҪˡ
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һηı飬˲ӡ
ĪС͵Ц뽭ȶһۣȻ˱Ц߽
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ֻҪǶһˣûʲôԳܵģŷһ
ĪС¿ŷһһ˿ЦԶһŷɫƹµȥ
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ĪСºͽ͵ŷı飬а͵Ц
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˰ɣˣ˭ҪŮѣھǵһˡһߵĪСºĽҶ̡
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ߵŮüͷһɻʵ㵲˼ҵ·ʲô
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ĪСһתͻȻ¶һĨЦݣԭ㲻ҵģȻҾˣ㡣
˵ĪСŽվһߣ׼Ϸ
ӣŷû˵Ѿͷôҵġ
ŷĻ۾ͺˣǴ򲻹ŷ磬Բȥݺݵһ١
쵰
ЩһԼ㣬ԷĶߣС˵һ
ǸŮ۾ŷгɱ
Ĵõƨɣ
Ůһ仰˳ʱּ˲ߵÿ˳û뵽Լ㾹Ȼô˾˵˳
ĪСŮӵĻʱɫһڣһ޳ܡ
ȿȣˣҺ֮䣬ǲд򣬶飬֪ġδֹŷ绹û˵ǱߵѾ̲סˣһȻݺݵһɨ˹
֣ȻҪǿϺܶࡣ
ŷüЩŭһͨ˵Ļ͵סпһű߳ˡ
뵽ɫ΢΢һˣȻŷһ˳ȥ
ĽĽײһ𣬶ʱɫ䣬˺˺üſվȡ
ܡŷ˵һϧ뷨ûС
ݺݵĿһ۹ŷ磬ʲôû˵ߡ
һҵţһᱨġ߳ԶŴùŷ緭˸ۡ
ӣĪСˡŮ˺СҲȥҲǲܵ


21 ɱ
ûŴүǺܷİҲµĲĻղǸŮӦþɣ飬Ů˸ߣĪС¾ͷˡ
ȻΪһУȻȲСŮҲ̫ˣŷ޸һգ۾Ц˵ѾͷΨ²ң˻潽˵͡
ŷʼ磬ûκɫһεӣû취˳̫˧ˣŮϲ
ޣҪĪС˹ŷһڡ
ˮ㣬޵Уŷ޵ˡһЦ˵
һһ㣬
ûڿ㡭
˵һ֣ͨĪСµľǲ׷Źŷˡ
ףԡ
ŷͻȻһɨһΧɫ
С£ȣǻȥɣ̫ˣһѧУˡŷһƽѡ
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ƵǿĵطΪһСҿ϶ȥģ˼ҲΪһˡŷһΪѵı飬˶һ
޳ܡ

Ůͬʱͬʱһȭŷ硣
׵Ķ㿪ŮĹŷɫ˸ž˵ЦˣҸܵһɲõϢǳģǸϽѧУĿ̫ˡ
˻һŮͬʱɫ
Ƕͨ˼ҵŮһЩ鲢İŷĻʶʲô顣
ǿȥĪСЩŵ˵
Һ¡
ҧŴСŮĺˡ
ǵı֣ŷֺЦһﾹȻôԼԼߣõ³
ΪĹߣȻڹвۣҪŮİȫȴǴ´ˣǹ֣߳û˺ŮȻ٣쳣߰Ըͨ˳ֵģȻɱֳ⡣
ûµģǲõģǻ޵д˧ұ֤ǵİȫŷؿڴƱ
ûжӣĪС༥ȻŷĻͽȵƽһЩ
˴Ҵ뿪³ǣȻִһ⳵˾ѧУĵַӱʻ
ĪСºͽһ뿪³ǸطǷ˲١
ˣŷ磬ôҪǲģղֻŽˣ˸ûлɹŷĻȴͻȻʶҲǹŷƭԼҲֻǲ³ˡ
ʶһ㣬Ůɫܲÿ˭һ鶼á
ŮȭͷյýģֻҪŷ˵ƭǵģ˾Ҫһ١
ûƭǣ䣬һЩϢУɱе⣬ҸղŸܵ˶¶ɱŷӣȻܹŮʲôпЦѵԼôֵΣ
ɱ
ĪСǾùŷ˵̫аˡ
ɱλ˾ϵɱһȻ΢һܸоŷЦ˵ֻĻȴŮһ
˾ɱʲôǲǱȻ
Цŷ磬ЦЦĪСµЩӲ
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ŷĻĪС˸Ͻ⣬ֻ˲ǵɫͰˡ
ͨѧУ·ǺϤ·ǷǳİӶʱﻹ᲻ףŷû˵ѡ
ѺĶֻҺɻǣѾɱȫˣôܷ֣
ʱ˾ˣһ壬ʵҲ쳣ɳƳȣһɱֻ֡Ļȴ֤ݣŷĲ²ȷġ
һɱ֣ŷ治ɫһȻӡ۾Ц˵Ϊһɱ֣Ŀɱͻɱ¶Ȼɱˣܹģңˡ
һ仰ŷ绹һԼĪСºͽȸоЦ
ǵͻȻЩŷһӣ뵽˹ŷ֣ͻȻãҲνɱָʹ򲻹ŷءĻҲͲΣˡ
ŷĽɱЦĽͣ·ڣתɭȻŹŷҵΣΪҵĶ𣿡
ҲĶ֡ŷƽ˵û˵ѣ磬ԷѾǶ۷ɱֺ֣ŷԷһսذɡ
㻹е֪֮ǲҪһʹһ㡣ɱ˵ĪСһ
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ҲǹҵĵӣֹżҵĴˡŷʵ˵
ֹżң
ɱüͷԼ壬͵һ˿⣬ɫ䡣
ҽżңá
ɱֱɫΨһĹϼ壬ֻһ
ǹżҡǴɱֽʦһ仰Ȼȥô꣬ɱȻǵá
뵽ɱŷһƣȻֱӳ忪һĳţԶȥ
ŷ絲סɱֵһû׷ȥЦڳ棬ɱ֡
鷢ˣɱָܳʮ㵹˵ϣϢȫޡ
ĪСºͽɫԻ󣬲֪ʲô飿ʲôֹżҰϡͿģַôһĻղлռϷɱֱôˣһԴֵĸо
ʲô飿
˽Ŀŷ磬ϣԼһ͡
ûʲôһ跸ˣڻѧУɡŷЦ˵Ůгĳ嶯һﵱɵأ跸ˣɾɵҲŰɡ
ʱĪСҲûЩˣһ齫ŵùǺֻصѧУͿˡ
ǲʣŷȻֵòȥ͡Ƴɱֵʬ壬ŷи̾ǺãһԼǿĸ֣ô׵ıɷˡ
żң书ҽǿ󣬻һľսı죬ǾǶԶκɵĶ
߲ǹŷɱµĶ
Ӽгֻ˺ٶǶҩȴһû١


22 ѱ
˶С֣Сһŷѧˣɱֱ߲ɱˡ嫺ܲð칫ңһ깧վһ˵ǰ棬㱨ŸղŷһС
һչŵľСǣĵϸ𣿡˴صüëһоһ߲ƣ嶼΢Ĳһ¡
˵ʻ¶ɻɫˣŷĸֻһͨҽĸһͨСѧʦ
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Ρ
˻ͻȻһȻһĿϲ
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ĪʵĪСµףҲǽĪҵȨˣ˳ƹһ֧Ī
ڵȴû˿ķ緶һãӣʶ˼һĻ϶һǻͨ죬кӴ˵ʶգ㯹
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ʱŷˣɱֵѧУʻȥ
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ҿǵˣ·ˡ
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ŷ翴ĳϵ˿ڱ򵥵Ĵһ£ֻǲԵ˵кܴ𺦡
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ǰŷ磬ǲֻǰٴѣûʲôϵģ㲻Ҫɵ£㻹дõǰ;ҲһȰ
˶ɵŷı飬֪ŷԱ¸鷳
ǷģҲôɵģֻԲܷŹҴҵѣҪΪ鸶ۡŷ˵ᶨ˸ж
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ΪˣֿݣŲˣʱƵĻպкܴӰ졣
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ģͨ˵Ƿǳصģܹպ֮ģĸҲСʮ꣬ŷʵ̫ˣ˲ġ
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ţеˣҿһҩǳһھͿȬԼĽŷĵ˵ͷ
˿Լ𾪵񣬹ŷаЦȻʲô
˯ɣˡ
ŷ˸˵Ͻ˵ǵסԼҪʲôģֻýͶѡ
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˶һ֪ŷķŭˡ
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ŷû˵ɫĮ˵ߣΪ·ԺҸΣܹһ
ûش·Ļ˶Щġ
ǻȰŷǱȴԼĻǶɤۣ˵һ
·岢֪ŷβ˵ҪԼƣȴһ㷴ԵûУԴӹŷ֮󣬶ڹŷһֽäĿΡ
Ժĺܿ죬Ȼҽ˵·˱סԺƣȻֲˣ˳Ժ
һŷԽ·屳ȥܿصѧУŷȻ·屳ᡣ
ֻǵǽʱһȺ˾Ȼ棬оĿīˣ⻹һˣŷ粢ʶԷʱ޿̲ɢһϣ֪ԷԲһͨˡ
죬Ȼ໥ʶŷ֮󣬼˸ϽЩߴٵ˵үүβġ
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īɫһû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ̬ȡƽʱ߸ϵЩӦʹˣҲûбô
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ŷ翴˺һۣĿɫ䣬ӽŵװðһ
˵һ飬ڶҹȥȻĻʮڣȫȥŷ絭˵
īɫ䣬Ƕŷĵϸ²⣬ǲĻŷ
ȥ
йͬ뷨
ǵȹͬѧЦһīͷȥ
ĺ棬ߵĺܿ죬¹ŷɱһһĻʱīһȻɻ󣬵Ҳû˵ʲôϽ˳ȥ

ôһ뿪˲һīͿǵѹ̫ˣһλȻԵϣͨ˵ѳܡ
ɺͶ˺һͨһͷܾͿˣǱȴǽģԸκ˵ͷ˵ƱܵĿܣԲŻо޴ѹ
ŷ磬ţƣЩԶһˣȻôųȥˡһЦ˵
ǸϳȥǲЩãЩԥ˵ӱȽϸĶȻͶһ㡣
ûоǵͬ⣬ͽǵᣬ㲻һܶĵΪʲôҪǿŷЦ˵ûо˵˵ķ䣬ԾǶڷ˵ӣŷܲŭ
ɫһ׹ŷ˼ʱɫҲÿ
ڹŷ罫Էȥһ뷨ûˣֻһ֣ǾǸá


23 Ե
ֶ֪ŷ𣿡ߵ棬īͻȻڣÿɫһ㶡
˲ʧȻָЦݵӣ˵壬ŷӦñȻҲһˡ
īһЦû˵
̽ȴûеõκδ𰸣Ȼв²ŷֹżҵˣϾֻǲ²⣬ǿҲȷˣķˡ
ī˶û˵ǿдžηȻڰ׺ѧ֮˭ҪͷԿȴûκֵýĵطһӣں֮ǰ㽫Щͬ˦
׼ҿ³֮Ϊҫ۵һǣͳ³֮ϵһģҲֻ˲ܹ֮ܶ˶̸ۣѾϱƽƽʸ
˶˵ĵ˭Ҳû¶κβͷɫڣʱҲܵ˹ŷĲī˶ԹԵĵͻȻãԼûк͹ŷ۵ʸ
֨ѽ
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ٴԼˣɫƽȻ״̬ˡıīͿ۾һɵöɼۣдһĨ̾һˣѳλϣôǾЩ
λͬѧպ󽫴Ϊ
īЦ˵˰֮ġ
λͬѧ˼Ļպǹ˾϶ģҵƬĻλͬѧҡ
ֱӣֱӵݳƬ
ɵ˵ͷû¶κɫӹƬûпһۣȻŽ˿ڴ
Ķÿһ㶣е͸ǿˡ
λɡɴţȻȽӡ
Ⱥ·ӵʱ򣬵ʱһ¡
·ֱϵʯѾˣҪ˱ţȴԼվڵϣȻ˫־ȻڻĻӶ
ôһĹһ˵˾ȻܹԼжˣǸȷеĲ²⡣
ֻйżҵˣܹһ㣬Ҳֻйżҵˣôҽ
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ŷ粻˵ǲ˵īһ˿⣬ȿڵҽһݷΪŮīĲ飬˵ܹκ֪ʲôʱʱ䣬ΪСŮơ
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24 ȿҽʥ
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25 ȫɰ׳
꣬С㡣Ͻ˵Χһۣһµӡ
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֪ʱЦȻŷԼץҲôȴܲ޹ŷΪϷԼıãúýѵŷһ٣Ƕо̫Լıˡ


26 װ
ŷջصѧУλѽҩ˽ȥûһأˡ
ǹŷɣǻһڶŹ¼йϵһˡǲûг֣¶ץŷ硣
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һ𾪵ı鿴Źŷ磬û뵽ֻǳȥôһᣬ춯صĴ顣ʮ˴ɰ׳գ˽ŷֺҽ֪һС
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ŷ֪Ҫ׵ĶʲôˣһӵܣŪŮޣǺܲмġ
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뵽ŷ¶һĨЦʲô취ҺǼֲݣĻ£֣ϵҲҵġ
˻һĪСֻҪŷ취ｭˣȴûʶŷûвֵʸ
ʸڽͻȻ۾
а취ˣֻǹŷҪӦҰæС¶ƽʱЦݣŷЩ
ԼǴǣǴʱŷȴһԼСñĸо
ʲô취ŷЩڵʵ
ܼ򵥡һ˷ܵӣֻҪװҵѾͿˣʱҾͿԾܾǸһﶨףȻͳ˻飬ֻҪҼ֣úñһ£Ҿӳˡ
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ĪС£
û뵽ȾȻ뵽һ⣬װŮѣͲǳ֮ơĪСµȵ֮󣬲֪ΪʲôһĸоɫҲЩÿ
㲻Ӧŷӣ¶һӣһֻСһ
ŷЦҡͷǲӦֻǼٵıϾǼٵģƭһʱȴƭһʼջᱻҴģʱ򲻻ûá
ԺҲܣھҪٰѣֻҪܲǸһﶩ飬Ҽ޸Уο㣬¡ȱ뺷˵СŮѵõǰ¶Եһ档
ŷɵˣһǳ˳ˣֻ뵽鵱С
㵽״𲻴Ӧŷ磬úݵģԸ⿴𣿡һߵӣùŷΪԼǽӵס
ĪС¶ɵˣƽʱĽȾһСɰȻ龫һЩǴû˹ó鼸콫ѾͷƷˣȻŲôΪʧء
ŷ˵ƨ£ǿı飬仰ڻû˵ڡ
룬ŷڽڴеͷðɣҴӦ㡣
Ohyeah̫ˣллŷ磬оˣ࣡ĪСĿɿڴıУȻһȻŹŷһڡ
ŷҲסˣû뵽ͻȻ͵ϮԼһ¡
ǵһαŮأָоģĴ˸¡
㡭ӦŷһߣԼȻһŮǿˡ

ȾһʶԼʲô춯ص飬Сһ죬תܡȵܳһЩ룬ͻȻͷС£йŷ磬ǧҪȥ㡣˵꽭ͷҲأ˵Ұ
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ĪС˹ŷһۣûζǸɵӶܿ
ĪСҲ뿪ˡŷûǴһĨЦ⣬ĪСȥıӰаеϷ
ڽȣŷûб˼ĪСȴһŷԼѾϲŮˡ
оĪС¶ԼҲе˼ŷȻ̲סˡ


27 еС
ĪС뿪ŷǿ԰ˡ˲ҪԼȻɵϣ۾ʼָ
ķѵۣڲͣĻָС
һҹȥˣڶ糿ŷȫָ˵ľһ߷壬һξ޴ģȻ˲١
ŷ׼ʱűһ߿ʱͷһ
ˡ
˯ʣʹһ󻨿ӣȻʶľȥ
淴ӦҲֻ·͹ŷֻǰȵڴϣһ˳ܾ˶һѹ֪ô£Ըûκλҵı֡
å
дɵһƺߣȻŶӰһɵˡʼٸĪС£ʱͨ죬ͷת档
ҲܳȥģɵĲ״ǳԼ˶ǺܷĻˣܻһ
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ҲǺ˵𣿽£𴲣ǵ㡣С˵ȻĪС¿ܳᡣ
ղǻģǱ޹ܷˣǿɾͲˡ
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ˣˣģһһᲹģȺǳȥ£ȻϻͳԷصŷϽڣֹԹԼ
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뵽ĪСû˵ˣ˵Щϻˣŷھͺһȥ
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ŷһ裬۾ϣһĨЦ⡣
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ŷ磬ƶˣ㣬ȵǸδҪϲȥȥһȥһǸ˵档ɫĪС˵˵Ŀġ
ҲôɣǼһＸ㵽ŷ˸Ƿڲٶˡ
һ㡣
磿ôʲôҪȥ˯ȥ˵Ļش𣬹ŷεķ˸ۣһŵڲ࣬ôԼ˲ɡ
ŷҪߣȸϽסŷ磺һ£㲻ǾôһȥǼһɣ鶯Ĵ۾дһĨЦ⡣
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ŷ˵Ůˣһһͷβıӣϲñֶνһ⡣
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һ˿ڹŷԸ˸ţ֪Թŷ磬ûõģֻġ
ĪСģ˵˰ŷ綼ûдӦһڣŷ͵ͷˣɫ̫ÿĺһ
ѧУſڣһɫķͣ˵ߡһŮӼʻλ˳ĪСµߣ˵С㣬͹ˡ
ˣȥɡԿףĪСµ˵һ˲䣬ŷ緢ˣø߲ʣͬһ߹ޱȵĹһ㣬ɢһ˲ұӵϡ
ȻĪСµ²⣬֪򵥣ǹŷʱǾԼ͹˶Էܹӵƣ¾ǻһЩһļ̳ˣδܹﵽ
Ů뿪ĪС˼ʻλϣȻ˵ɡ
һ˿£ɫЩףҧҧȥŷȴ㿵ģȥ
ӿͬҵļһ㣬һӾʹܳԶֻ½Ǿ޴ľ
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һ䰢ר꣬ʼŷ·
һɫװĹŷȫ³¯֮ĪС۾˫ӽĶڹŷϣǿʲôϡ䱦һ
̫˧ˡ̾СѾͷ۵Źŷ磬һݵӡ
ĪСƲƲ죬˵ЩĻջûܹ˵ϾʱĹŷȴ޻˵
ף밢Եķã͸һУǽŷ籾ʣӵ쾡µĵز
˿װһĹŷ磬˵Զҵӣ˻ɡ
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ŷһĨЦ⣬ڽȳԼ˧ŷ⡣һպֻˡ
ƷƵ·۸ߴǾͲҪǵˣѣ㹻ǧ·ˡ
ֻǹŷ绹ûе̫ãٴСֹԽ˧ŷͿ԰ҺúõҧǼһˡ
˻һŷɫһͷߡ
ĪСǺЦùŷɫڡ
СѾͷЦĻҶס졣ŷв
ԭùŷ紩ôãΪ˸õҧ˰ЦˣĪС²ŲأԼĴЦ
ŷѾͷԼ
Цţʱܿ㵽ʮ㣬˱һطԷһ˴Ůŷ·ϲʱıͶĽĿ⡣
ܿҪһˣֻСȴûжĴ㡣
ô𣿡ŷЩʵ
ҿĻһСʱܵĪСЦ˵
һʱ䣬ŷĵѵ쵽һˣʱ䲻ˡ
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룬׼ʱò˵ĪСµʱǿң˵һСʱһСʱһӶ
³ʱ򣬲ԶһߴӢʱ۾һ˹
󺺣һ뺷֮ĽŲ˹


28 
ȣˣұ˵ҪԼȥģǽ˵԰׺еϤңҲþܾһˣԷǶĸлòãһ΢ЦŽȣ˵
ƲƲС죬СֹΪ㣿
û˵ĪСµ֣ûпһۡ
ڣ۾ǲϹˣûСҲ𣿡ĪС²˵ʱڵע˹ȥ
ڷ·ŷĪСµĴڣһ˿⣬Ц˵ԲС£ղſ̫ˣһʱûע⵽㣬¡
ʹĪСµĲȻЦݣǸһֻǹŷȴ۾һĨ⡣
üͷ壬ŷ֪һԲһöﲻһ񣬵͵ģΣյġ
α
ûĪС˵ŷͿˣĴӿб˳ȥ÷ɫ΢΢һ䡣
漴ɫͻָһ˿⣬Цʵλֵܿǣ
˭ֵܣҲǸУģȴģᣬȰ㻹Ǵͻȥȵ⣬±Ӷûпܣؼҳʺȥɡŷעǵˣͽ竣ŷ粻ԼƻĶ飬ԷŹԼ
Ȼˣһʼʹʹıһʹ졣
˵ʲô겪Ȼɫô˵ٲǾͳųˡ
ڼӷŭ˵ŷ˹ȥͬʱһȭǿĦķ
ĪСºͽɫ䣬ŷ֣һ㶼Ϊġ
׳ա
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ÿ˵Ҳ죬ͨ죬Լȭͷ˻ȥȻð˶ĺ顣
һɫøһԼ£˵ȭͷȻȫˣѪ䣬쳣ˡ
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ҿˣ˽ʡҼ̳˷ڣ㵽ĸҵˣڳʵڿǹŷ·ôãһԲһˡ
ңû˵ֻ㣬Ѿˣ͸ҹȥĻҿɲʲôƨҵˣһ޵
ŷ˱ȭͷ÷ɫһ䣬ɵú˼
ŧȣߣһֻѣҲֻ죬ֱΡŷĴ÷ڲը˷Ρ
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Ҳ˵ҪʬΡŭķԸæͷ˵ǡ
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үģֵǾԲİɡһͷˣİСȴͣ˸ž⣬˲ֱӡ
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⵹ǣˣȻͨ˼ңǾͺöԸˣŷϴһݣҸŷӽȣΪ˽ҵĲƲҵȴ쿴Ϸһ˿⣬ЦŷԸ
ү½ͷšͷɫɻ󡣲֪ԼҴүôôʲôȵĸ׽һһ֮ʡ
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ӵܣͲ£ҲҪΪʵԼļֵСԷܹ³֪ŷļͥʱ򣬻ôһ̬ȡ
үͷЦŷڵƨ
ˣȥȥɡ
ͷ˵ͷȻ˳ȥ
ŷ磬ղ̫˧ˡ뿪˻һݵĿŹŷ磬Сֱð
һƽʱô˧ģֻûзֶѡŷһƨ˵ĪС·˸ۡ
ֻǣȴ·ûʶŷĳƨݺݵĵ˵ͷһͬı顣
һҪ˺òãһƤˡĪСһܲ˵ı顣
ĪСµӣһ˿Ц˵֪СĽˣİɣҲŷģ˧ҲҵĲˣѷ򣬲۰
Ѿͷ˵ʲô
ĪС±˵ͨ죬һֱ˵˼飬װͰ͵ĳŽȺһҪӡ
ŷһ߿Ц֣һĨЦݡǡĪС¿һĨЦݣʱһû˵ЦʲôЦɵһ

ŷ粻֪Լ˵ʲôˣﲻ˵Ҳ⵽֮֡
ѧУܿ͵ˣĪСģŷ͵棬ŷ³ҪᣬȴĪСºסˡ
գʲô̫ĶͲ֣㻹Ҫ򵹷أʵڲеĻҰĪСѵһߵĽҲڴĶŹŷ硣
İɣû⣬ϣ֤ǸƨɵۣҲ϶Ⱥϵ⡣ŷԼظŰƱ
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ŷ˵ôĲĪСҲɣڹŷ磬һֺεĸоֻҪǹŷӦ飬һܹ쵽
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ȥժ¥ҿһ׺УҷˣֻҪȥһٶҪһǧ࣬Եݳޣһ£ʵԼ룬ôԵԼ˵˵ţˮˣǲĹǺ
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ŷʹ죬ֻǶһ˶ѣֳԲ˶ٶ
ллʮӺ͵ѧУſڡŷӦýٻ쳣ģڵ绰˵ллȻ߹ŷԼѧУſڵʱ䣬˵绰
ʦĵ绰֮Ȼм顣
ŷհѵ绰ҵ˾ըˣڹŷͽٻ֮Ĺϵ²ˡ
ûĵһۣŷ˵Ҫ˵ûйϵ⻰ҪǴ˽ʦĶǵӿ¾Ͳùˣĸ˭Ҳѧ꣬ѧȴûɡ
˻һ̱죬ȻԹŷһӵơ
ŷ͵û˵ڳɣʦѧУſڵأǧҪǵ̫ˡ
ߵѧУſڣҪʮӵʱ䣬ҪץʱȥˡŮõȣһǳʧ飬οԷǹŷǵʦ
첽Уſȥ
ʮʱ䣬ߵѧУſڣͤͤӰվ˺ܶ˵Ŀ⡣
һ˾ǽٻһ˵òʱ򣬹ŷסˡ
һŮˣüĿ续˿죬͸һ·ʳ˼̻һ㣬ֲµĸо
һ˫ӷ·ۼеһȥ궼ڲ
ŷʱ¶һĨǵЦݣСһּˡ
еĿⶼеŷϣ˭ܹо仰Ƕ˵ġ


29 ԯ
㣬㡣ŷԾĺһýٻ¶ֵɫЩ̽Եʵʶ
ٻɫЩŹ֣ߵŮõѣԯ죬մӱĵطٻû뵽ŷ羹Ȼԯʶŷĳƺ֮Ĺϵ»ء
Сһٻٻ˵֣һΪֻͬͬգû뵽СӣǸϼһڿϽųˡԯüĿ续ƮȻˣ˵ȴֱףһϼһｫƻ쾡¡
ǵģϼһﲻҸϳˣҿ浽ǮȫȡˣҪˣѧѶҪΪŷһӣһ˶ɴ۾ǵӡУŷǾ԰ԵǿƵģ·쳣ȴû뵽Ȼһ档
߸˵ʶٻڣɵ۾ԼǼ
ģϼһȻ۸㣬϶㱨һõӦеıӦģٺ١ԯЦĺŷҲЦֻҪӦԼʰͷӣͷӾԾҪùˡ
һߵĽٻĵûȣ̲סʵǵʲôϵ
֪Ϊʲôŷԯһܵӣĸо
㣬С̡
ԯЦŽͣ˻һٻһʯͷصĸо
ԭǱ㰡ãɣŷѼֵܡһԯǹŷı㣬ʱ˵۾аһϷ
ӦС۾ЦеĽԼȻ˳ȥ
һֻ޹ǵСһ۵ĸоɲˣֻһɫȴױˣҵʹϴһƿҪ˵ĸо

ҵʹɴУֻΪΧ·ѧоͱ˳װBΪһƯŮס֣ȻҽУΪԼָ
֪۵ĲҽУԯĶɲκ˶ܳԵãոֶһ
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ۼз۵ƣŷϽ˵㣬ſɣûжġŷҲֻѣûгַֿˣҲﲻԯ졣
ҲֻǺѿЦѡԯЦ˵ǣ˳ԡ
ֻȴһ㶼ôΪУӵŮˣֱȵĶħҪ¡
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ŷĻû˵꣬ȴ˼һЦ˵ûϵ֪ӺѰչЩͬġ
ûһŭɫԯЩηùŷ粻ɵø̾Ů˳˿
ô˵ԯЦˣ͵˵û뵽㻹ͦүǣԺ˭Ҫ۸㣬ͱԯ֣֤û˸鷳ˡ
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ŷͽٻһֲֵӣԯ죬ǻǱȽ˽ġ
Ϊԯ˶·ˣȻŷΪɵְĦ˼£ĺŴժ¥
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İɣСһȻͿ϶ںǮģǾͱˡԯҲȰ
ĻٻЦҲǾǮǮ⣬ֻǾóһٷֵطǲ̫˷һ㡣
ŷشʱһ̵ȴһȺԷ͹ﵲ·ûù
˻һŷ缸˵ɫȫˡ
תһ˵ǼһĶǡˡнոսԹķڣг־ͺ־
˵Ǹһеģȴ쳣񣬾һ̫һ
껣ڵҲɫ΢΢һ䣬ЩÿЩˣ٣ڹŷ³Թ˿һԯ֮ʱɫ¶𾪵ɫ˾ɫȻǻô꣬Ҳûм
˭ҵĹû˩ס
ŷɲ֪ʲôãֱһۣ˵
СӣңļһﷴӦܿ죬ɫŭŹŷ磬һҪ˵ı顣
ԷĻŷ˵û㡣
ʱļһ¶ɫѹŷĻıֻ֣ǼļһϵЦûȫʱ򣬹ŷٴοˣ̬棬һһٵ˵㱾ǹ˵ǹ㡣

ļһŭֱӾҪ
һߵķںͳ־ɫһ䣬ϽסŷӹɵģԲܹԿġļһҪǳȥԲкý
ʲôſңҪŪһ
óļһĲᣬʹͬסˣҲҪ
θգʵ㣬㲻Ķ֡üͷһԵЩͷĵͺһ
θɫһɻʵ֣ʶ
־ͺ־ҲЩ⣬ڵı֣Ȼ͹ŷʶ˵ĹϵãĻҪ뷨Ҫˣڵѣܶġ
θղˣŷſ֡
˹ŷһۣڵ˵йһ֮Ե㲻⣬һе֣ȴľ֮ܶѡ
һһ֮ͽڶڹŷһøжûУ־ҲĻ˵
˻֪һСҪ군ˡ־ɭȻ˵ŷɱ
˱̬θЦˣĵĿһ۹ŷ磬ȻЦȻղײգϾʧɡ
޼ɵ̸ۣŷ磬ηֱ˵ԼҪڽɱ˹ŷ磬ùŷߵļ˷ŭѡ
һȺ׳աŷɫ䣬³ĸ֡Ŀɨˣ˵ĸ׳գڹҵߣȻĻҲǹ
㡭
Թŷֳвɫѿθûк͹ŷйԶԹŷ粢˽⣬ô˵ʱҪ
˺ԥһסθվߡڹŷ֣ǺܼɵȻ밤ᡣ
ʱҪһÿ־Ȱ
ĸӸ磬Թŷ磬ҲֻѡߣϾȨٴַҲǹŷĶ֣ֻаķݡ
ֻ뿪ǰвȴùŷ֪ǾԲưոݡ
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ŷôɵӣɼҲŹŷժ¥ȥ
ͯܿۼŷ罫еļٶѹסˣҲҵŷǡ
㣬öþûԹˣݣǽһһ롭ŷ翴Ų˵ȻͣĵˣһЩĿ˵óԯľȫǴ˵еˣÿһǿԳԵġ
ھƣԯһ߾Ĳ֮һƿƣͻ˹ŷ
ŷȴһ㶼ںǧ򣬶˵Ǯëëѡ
Сһ˲ǲǣԵһ룬ԯͻȻʵ
šŷʵʵĳϣѧûж೤ʱ䣬ǵȴ٣һˡ
СǸڣ򵥣ڰ׺Уһ½ͷѾһˣ˳Ǹһֱʵ磬¾ӷڶ֪ԯü壬ѹŷ硣
һһùŷɫ΢һЩ߲ηÿһ綼кܴĲ࣬һһ֣ԽԵġ
صɫѹ£ŷЦ˵Էʱ̸ЩʲôƨӣȫС
ŷ˵Ż˱ȭͷһӡ
̸ֻǷϵһС˭ûзϡ
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ʲôεĸ֣üëһ
ߣǸС㹻ˣͣǴ̥䣬ڶҲͶߣһˣθչЦ
ڵ˵ͷʰ˹ŷ磬Ȼ⣬ʡԼˡ
ֻȴһֲĸоֱŷ粻ôʰġ


30 
˵ʱժ¥ľԹˣҸ˸ۡһȺ·ǹŷĵȻͳ˼λ竵ǿƣȴժ¥ľ֪һλﲻ
һҧժ¥͸һ¸߼һֻֿʾϰ֮˿ݣܹšժ¥ڶģĹŷݺ˲
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Ӱʺܲ䣬Ůǿֿ˵ࡣ
Ǻǡ
ժ¥ֻܸЦûкô֪ͳȥ֮ЩˣһԼˣҲ͸ɵͷˡ
ȥɡݸпŷȻԱʹˡ
Ҳƴǣпƨƨ߾͹ȥˣֻǵʱȴ𺳡
ǧɲһСĿһЯӵһпˣۿ϶ԶԶǧ
ժ¥Ҳһ֪ԼˣΪժ¥һ˿ͣȻõϰļν
֮󣬼뿪ֻǸ߳ժ¥˲䣬ŷ֪Լˡ
Ȼȥɣ㣬ǻȥһе顣ŷЦ˵ֻЩ
˶뵽ղŵ飬뵽鷳ˡ
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ǾǵٴҲȥУ԰°ɣȻȥɡҲȰ˵ŷ硣
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Сͷڹ꣬ǹż˵硣
ԯЦЦɵ˵ģСѣСһĶ֣Ȼȥɡ
Ϊŷı㶼ô˵ˣҲûʲô˵ˣֻҪߣȻ뿪
ŷһվھƵſڣЦЦ벻Զһͬ
⳵棬ٻ̲סʵ࣬ŷ絽ʲôˣôоôء
ûлشٻ⣬ԯЦһ䣺УҺ𣿡
ٻ˵ͷȻԯѣǶͱٻȴһ㶼֪
ǲ͵ˣŷұܣȻҲأô򵥡ԯܲ˵Ľ͡
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ٻһӣԯ쿩ֱЦÿ˾翴ɵۣ͵һɲ˾ͷð亹һͺǰĳ׷βˡ
һ䰢ӷȻ˾ǰһʮ֣˵汣ӡ
ĽٻԯЦ磬˾ĺú档
ͻȻԯ쿿ٻĶߣСʵٻٻϲұǲǣ
ٻʱһɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻЩǿЦ࣬ͻῪЦŷҵѧôϲء
𣿡
ԯЦĺܴýٻɫͨ죬ӲͷƤݺݵĵ˵ͷ˵ġ
ֻ˵֮󣬽ٻв֪ΪʲôһȻʧ
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ղŵĻΪ߽ŷĶ־ˡ
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ŷĻһɭȻ˵ƾ㣬ɱ
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Ҳˣңƭ˶ŮӣԯЦ˵ȴһԴ׵˼ûУڹŷǰ̧ͷ
һ˫ˮӴ˿˿⣬ܽڻС
ŷͷסԯķ촽ӵǣ˿ں˵
ֻǣ˲ǱܵĹϵΪξȻ־׵Ĺϵ


31 ̷
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Ǳϣԯɫ죬Ⱦһ֬ˮ飬Ĺŷпò˵ʱԯþˣʹϤʱҲֳԵĸо
ʲôʱףԯĵʵ
⻰ŷѹĬһᣬЩƵ˵ҲϽȥףֻǼҵͷ̫쵰ˣﵽҽ磬ֻǸͷӾԲͬ⡣
ŷеͷӣԯĸףҲ̷ԯ޵СԯһսѵŹ£͹ŷ֮ʵûѪԵϵ
ŷԯСʶ˸鷢չļΪ˳ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ŷҪȢԯʱԯ޵ȴԡ
ԯ޵еĻڹŷ绹ļǵأСӳôôԯ޵еŮɲŮòòУҪеܲУҽװɡ
Ϊϼһһ仰ŷԯ飬һֱڻû䡣
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˸̹⣬ŷΧ

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컹ûзӦµĴ󺺱ܹһһȫߣЩ³ôԯһ䴦Ϳ֪ˡ
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ŷפյȵ
ɽҹˣʹŷ綼оһ˿⣬ڴֵطˣԻһЩаɹҲһ
Ѱ˰죬ŷûκջüͷʱѾˣٹһСʱɷݾͻúͨСһȻϲֻҹ䣬ɷݲŻͷųһʹԡ
ͻȻŷɫһһһʯͷ档
ӰȻҵĽţǿϢɢùŷܵ޴ѹ
ԲһߣһߣҲûôǿơŷ𾪣˼ΪǿʵԶԶԽǵĸ֡


32 
Ƕߣŷжϡ
ļսһ죬ʱʧУȻͻȻ֣һ
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ݾһһһɽװɫأ˫ֱԲȻõ̫յдȥӲԷһ
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Ԫ⾹ȻУһɽ棬ҲΰɡʹٴŷҲе㻳ԼǲΡ
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ŷһָŵҲԣϾԪ⣬ûκãûıҪˡŷһط͸Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ԪȻֱ˹ŷУʼ˵˰ɣˡ
뿪ˣŷԪڵһ̣Ѿϥ£˹ʼˡ


33 һ
ǿըŷУʼ޸ľǿ塣ŷЩתЩУ׳ԼΪ
ɫŷ۾֮
Ԫùŷ̤һ磬ʱڳȻ磬ҲԳƵһˡ
øԺҪˡŷЦ˵ԪĺôԶͻƵһߵľ磬ǿ˲٣ΪҲ쳣ȹ̡
һʵķԾζŹŷʽ̤˸ֵС
Ȼһû˯Ǵʱŷľȴ쳣ĺãɢһʣ֮η
ŷԼı仯ΪΪոͻƵһ磬ϢûȫĿƣȹʱܹȫˡ
ڵ״̬ȴμٺòˡ
γһɷݣŷôֿʼơתϵ¶Ƚߣһפյˡ
פյƺܼ򵥣ֻҪɷݣǲ֪ˣȴԶܳɹΪһ֣פյڹŷ˵һѹûС
ƺפյŷ罫Ȼ߳ɽȡ
ɽȲǺأ̫أûԸɽǳȻǿҲһɽˣͷֲɽ쳣ŷɽΪʲôᱻˡ
ǲõıˣЩɷݿһʾ޴ĲƸŷЦˣפյԻǵÿһŶۡ
һɽȵɷݣŷڶʱڳΪ׸ܹ
ȴûǸ˼ǮþͲˡ
صѧУУѾûˣѾȥѧˣŷ絹ͷ˯һж׼͵ĵˡ
һһֱ˯ӣŷ粻ȻѵģǱѵġ
˯ʵĿһˣŷһԺıʵС£ô棿ѵסˣ
ĪСɫڣһﵽʲôһʱ䣬ĪСŭ㿴ڼˣȵߵ㿪ʼ㻹˯
Խ˵ԽҪһѵĪС»һݺݵĿȥ
ŶǾɡ˦˦ЩԺԴŷֱӴӱ˳ʱֻһСڿ㣬͵ļ⣬ôĪСµǰ

ŷŪһֲĪСɫͨ죬һС࣬ʲôʱ򿴹˵壬ƽʱѧУǳϰһ۶졣

һǹŷľУһߵĪС£㿴ҵ壬ҪҸ𡣡
ĪСĲ㱳ȥ쵰ܱô޳
ˣϽ·ߡĪСǿ򶨣˵仰ת߳ᣬֻ쵽Ӹˡ
һҪҸ𰡣ءվ⻹ŷԹĻĪСεķۣһûˡ
һĹŷ˳һĨߵɫĪС²֪ΪʲôͻȻҪ˵ĳ嶯һ̫ɶˡ
뵽ϻҪŷ磬ĪС½ԼĻѹȥȻʼŷ硣ȵǣһûŷǱһһɢһʣȻܵһѹ
ѹĸϣĪС¶δܹ
𾪣ĪСȴͻȻ֣ŷʲôûУüͷûи׼
׼ˡŷŵ˵һ޶綼ҳڶݡ
ĪСȴЩţЩɵ˵øҿ
ŷȴᶨҡҡͷһԲӣĪС²㱩ߣоŷֱǹԼԣʲô鶼ҪԼһ
ǲ㿴ⶫŮ˵Ŀǣ㿴˿϶Źҿɲ϶ˣʱﶼòŷһĲӣ˵;Բ
ĪСµĺĵǱˣʲôȻŮ˵Ŀǣ֪ŷȻܶ鰮ЦǸղӣȻƭԼ
˵˵ʲôŷԽأĪСԽ֪ʲôùŷ˿ء
ഺפ³ĸ֣ŷĿɿڴĪС˹ȥ
ĪСһᣬüͷȻٵ񾭲
߳ԶĹŷͻȻһЦľһ񾭲һѧŷ綼ƵУҪ֪񾭲ɱǲġ
ĪСȻֱĵط
һƬׯ԰ڰ׺нׯ԰һǱеĽ쳣ΰ
㣬ѾвѾȵˡׯ԰ΧͣĶǳӣֻһݡ
ĪС´Źŷ磬ֱӾ˽ȥ
ûͱ˻ҪʾȫһĪС¾Ǳһߵﶼʡ
òҰɣŷ翪Ц˵
û뵽ǣĪСµ˵ͷȻҡҡͷǣҼͷڰ׺еһʱס
ŷ簵զ࣬ʹ̫ǮҲܿǱļֵׯ԰ڣ¶ʮڶһȻֻĪС¸׵һʱס
û뵽ôǮŷЦ˵
֪ĪСһӵŹŷ磬˵ҲѾΪһһǮǰ׳ġ
ǲǱڷ𣿡ŷ
㣬ôĪСһ˫ӽĶڹŷϣһҲҾͺӡ
ĪСµӵûùŷоͱˣÿɰͻȻĪС£Ȼһ§סСĸĪС¶˵ȻھҾһСɡ
˵꣬ĪСµĶһ£ĪСһܾһ˹ŷ§
å
ɫͨ죬ĪСȴûתܿŷЦЦû׷ȥǽС
Ѿв۳һȦ̸šЩ¹ڳĶţʮ㣬һص㣬쳣ŹأҲ˿ֵ
ˣݵˣ˭ҲֳеˣΪԼˡ
ŷ˭ҲʶȡһЩԵģһ£ȻĿ
ûãȴоԼ¡һʮ꣬ϴɫ
ֵܣʶһ£ҽиǿ׳ֻڽԼ֣ȴһĨΡ
ŷҲЩ⣬һ۸ǿ׳СߣʵǲܰѶԷϵһ
ҽйŷ硣ĻӦһ䣬ŷ㲻˵ˣĿ
һĻøǿ׳Щ⣬ڻĵȻԺգôڻҲЩͷֻҪȦӵˣ϶֪ˡǿŷı֣Ǵûһ
ֻͣһǹŷ̫ڽǿ׳ûбУԺе֣ǿ׳Ҳ벻ĸǿ˽ŷġһֿܾǹŷͲȦӵˣԲûͷ
뵽ǿ׳۾һȦӵˣȴϣп϶к飬ĺıˡ


34 ǰ
ǿ׳ʣȴŷĻˡ
㲻ˣҲ㣬Ҳ죬ţȥȥɡĻӹŷĿ˵˳۾ûһӸǿ׳ӡ
ǿ׳Ŀɿڴô󣬸һߴȥ˲ûУȴûĸ˸ô˵³ҫ۵ǿҲһ
Ҫŷĵɫǿ׳ȴûɵľĸоĸоУǰ˷·һˣһͷҪ˶ɵһ㣬ʱܹɡ
˿ڿˮǿ׳ҪߵĻ˻ȥҲû뿪ĿתĴŹŷ磬Ҫŷʲô
һɧ󲿷˶ſӿ˹ȥ
ŷҲ۾˹ȥ
һ꣬һɢһָ߸ϵƣ·һλһ㣬˽
е˴ǳɹʿĸǰȴһأȻƲϱϥȴҲ쳣ġ

ŷ¶һĨ̵Цݣ˲Ǳˣǽ֮һڡʵڳ˶ףһ˵ǽȵᣬ˵ͷڵĶ磬ϢѾȥˣҶ֪ϵǣںͽˡ
ʶŷ翪ڣǿ׳̲סʵ
˵ͷŷûлشֻϵһĨмȴøǿ׳Щ𾪡ӷڣɲκ˶ܹģģһУҲֻмܹѹһͷ
㵽ʲôˣǿ׳Źŷ硣
һۣŷ˵ʲôˣйϵ𣿡
ǿ׳һҭȻߺߵʲô˵ˡԱ˼ûУԱĸǻûгڣŷȴɹˣøǿ׳Ʋѡ
Ӧ˵Ĺάһ˫ȴĴɨӣֱеĹŷ֮󣬲۾һ
˹עĿ£˹
֣֤ҺȵĶڴ˵лˡϴһĨЦݣùŷ쳣ᣬҪ˵ĳ嶯
ѹסֵĳ嶯ŷ翴ûпһֱۣӡ
ڵЦЩסˣĿתΪڹŷϣɭȻ˵ЩΪЩֶΣҪҷĳȻȫʶȤھ뿪Ȼĸ棬Ҳܹסһ
仰Ѿǳвˣŷ羲û˵Աŵĸǿ׳ȴ̲סüͷĿ˷һۣǿ׳˵вҵ𣿡
ǿ׳Ӧ÷Щ⡣ɵЦ˵Σλѣˡ
˵仰תߡ
ǿ׳ȴһŭҪ׷ȥ
ֻҪһֱֻץסĸ첲ܵסԼǹɾ޴ǿ׳һ̶ֳȵҪжߵĳ̶ȡ
һʮĶߣǴӴ߳ġ
뵽ǿ׳ֻǶڹŷݣȴӺˡ
ȥҲ˶೤ʱˡŷ絭˵һ˿䡣
ǿ׳ЩŵĶŹŷ磬СʵҪɱ
ѾҳһˣûɱңҪñɱ׼˵ŷϱһȻɱøǿ׳
𾪵ǹŷ˵ҪɱڣҪ֪ڿǽʡҵļ̳ˣһɱҾԻġ
Գ֮Ϊļһʲộ˵Ļ
ǿ׳֪ǣǲԶĹͷĿһֱڹŷϣɵʱķڣѾһˡ
һ֣Ȼң޷ʩչһﲻ򵥡ŷа뵽ȴģʮģǹƾҲδػǸͷοһ֡
Ⱥ࣬Ȧӣҫ۵ǣˮ
ֻǣܿ챻ˡһ˽ʮ㣬ڷڸ߸ϵƣһһλߵϣôж
һη꣬ڵҲ˼ֽ꣬ʹҪоһɾ޴ѹܷͥ

ŷ翴ˣ˵
ǿ׳һȣʶԼȴʶұ쳣Ǹִ֪ʲôһ
ɨһܣŷʱһ£Ȼĵ˵ͷ
ŷ翴һۣ΢΢ס
˵ĶСǿʱȴǴ˹עģ˶˿Ķ
ܶ𾪣ڽеǸ굽˭Ȼ³صǿк
Ϳʶǿ׳ȵʵÿкˣڻĿûмԼûǸʸ
һ֮Ե
ڸǿ׳ŷ绹һøеģղ˲Ƽˮ꣬ȴҪΪԼͷֵΪѡ
һ֮Եĸøǿ׳զ࣬ڹŷӵĺˡ
ֻ𾪵Ļںأī߽īˣŷʱҲһ㶣һҪ߹ӡ
ŷ绺ҡҡͷī¶һĨЦȻŹŷ˵ͷǴк
һ͹ŷʶ˹ȵˣīһĴãȻҲʶŷ磬һк˾ò˼飬εĸо
ֻǺܶҲ¾ΣǶôݳ޵ΡǸڽʶ꣬д˲ͷ
ֻǿʶŷ磬Բûȥ
ڷڣɫȴһ죬һסΪŷ粻һͨ˼ҵСӣֺһˣڿȴܹͿīʶ˴кôͨˡ
ͻȻֲ̫õԤУֱ߷ڣҲϵĶ磬бҲ˵
뵽䣬˹ŷһۣаŷ磬ǽһҵĺ£ҾĲ㡣
ԽԽ͸ˡǿ׳̾
һۣŷû˵㿴͸𣿡
ǿ׳
Ⱥֻˣȴû˲ʶȤĴչŷǲ֪ôǿ׳Ǿηһ˵۵ļһһǡ
īǱŷߵĸǿ׳֮¶һĨԥɫֻԶԶĺ͹ŷͷûй˼
ҲʲôöɡŷͻȻ˵һ䣬øǿ׳һ㶡
ǿ׳ٺЦһҪжһ飬ŷ綮ˣһԲһʲôö
ûʲôϵνʼ磬ŷĿ
ԽԽ࣬Ҫߵˣŷ۾һ⣬Ϸϳ
һ̣ǿ׳ֹŷˣ˷â¶һѱһ㣬˼㡣


35 ǿʾ
ĪСڴҵŷʱ򣬿Աߵĸǿ׳Ҳһ£뵽ô쵽һȥˡ
ʱȴûʱ俼ЩֱߵŷԱ¡
ǿ׳ҪڣĪСû˵ұ죬ҹŷ磬ҵ飬Ҷ㲻
ǿ׳ԹԱˣĪСµĵ̣ĵλС㣬Բ˶ߡֻǸǿ׳һ˫۾ȴĪСº͹ŷ֮ǻ˵ʲôϵк档
ʲôˣŷеľ쵽ĪСЩԡ
˸ǿ׳һۣĪСüͷһԶ㡣
Լıӣǿ׳Цһľ뿪ˣаѱĪСµϣ˱Եġ
ֻȴ쳣棬ĪСҪ͹ŷ˵ЩʲôҪ֧
ûˣĪС²С˵ˣ֪ĵϸˣǷй¶ȥģڽء
Ŷ
ŷνӦһûжķӦղĪµıһΪʲôءԼĵϸ¶ǲ⣬ֻҪһı֣С
ŷһı飬ĪСҪ˵ĳ嶯ŭôأȿǽһϣˡ
֪Ҳʧģͷİɡŷ絭˵Ӽ޾ţĪСһ㶡
ĹŷûпģŵĺͷɣǱ֮Ѿ콾˿á
֪ΪʲôʱĪСһİĸоȻƽڹŷߣ˵
Ȼһжѹ˹ŷϣǾͺޱɣĪСа
ʱƣᲽ죬ĪСҲ뿪ˣһȺŮ죬ֻйŷһԵЩ¶
ǿ׳û߹һ󸾴ڨˣһߣǶûмһ
ôҾ֮һƹں̺棬Ȼһʮˣӵ̺˽
һ͸Ů·ϵ·һ㣬ɫ߹źʹһĿѣ
ľǣȺĸ׽
Ŀ£˽˵ĿⶼƶдžηĽʺͳݸ
ֻЩôģȴһ˷ܵɫԼһ㡣ᣬƱȴα˸оġ
ߵ̺ͷ뽭վɨһˣɨŷڵĽʱ򣬽΢һͣŷҲȥ˲佻㣬Ȼƿ
ſڣһĨԣ죬ллλμСŮᣬһ顣˵һ£һ۽ȣЦ˵ϲŮᣬͽʡҴүڵĶᣬϣҽĿģףλҸ
뽭СɲŮò֮ϣһͷϵġ
ŵԣͯŮ̫ˣֱĽ
ϲλԸλһҸ
࣬һףش˳Щϴ˷ܵɫ֪ǳĻǼ⡣
˵עУһСӣߵߡ
޸Ұɣȡ
ϥأ򿪺ӣɫʹɢһСһƻã˼㡣
֮ģȻǺ֮ģǰһʱ˵ߣû뵽Ǹ˾ȻǷ١
̫ˣ̫ݳˣҪҾӦٵ顣һ˫۷⣬˵
ߵͬĻ㣬ʡʡɣֻнСôŮˣӵ֮ġ
仰Ȼйάĳɷ֣ǽȺЩȣòȷʵʤ˲֪٣һʵ
Ӧ
֪˭ͷһ䣬ȻǶ
۾һĨ⣬ⶼƺõģͲţ£Ըһû鳡С᲻ɹ
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˺УںӨļڵƹҫ£ȻһʵĹΣеľ·һ
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һܵ޴ӣŽȣʵΪʲôʱӣڳĲжų˹⣬ǿڴʱֱһӣĶϢ
ΪȲϲһû˵ŷȴ˹
˶Ǹ䣬ŷӽվϢ˸о۾ۡ
â¶̫ͬһҫۣӺڰ߳һɫİᣬǴӹŴͯ߳һ㣬Լ޾Ĺâ
˶סˣŷע⣬ȫΪīͿԭ򣬵ڣǲŷ֣ϵƣֱǹīˣдĤݵĳ嶯
˵īôŷһ˶Ĥݣ޷ԽĴڡ
Ȼֻ˵һָо˶ľˡ
īһۣ˽ŷĵϸһ̾׵ˣҽżҿҲδɡ
˭˵ʲô˽Һȥͷüͷһ壬
˹һƾˣǲһˣǾѵıڣׯ԰
ȥûҵ˭ǶˡĪС²֪վ˳ǳһɫϽ˿
ͷڰ׺ǺܳԵÿϰȴĪС¡Ӧ˭ģǻǷֵġ
ڳǿˣĪСվߵģкϷˡ
û˵ֻǾվĿⲻͣڹŷͷ֮ת˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
֣ҵĶ磬㲻Ҫ֣ǶԷĳʲôĵطպ˵ڵ˵
ŷȻһЦûڣǾֱߵߣһѽ§ڻУ˵ҵŮˣڿʼ˭Ҵ⣬
һ˵е˶оΧ¶ȷ·˲併˱㣬̲ס˸սŷг˾
ǿʾԼȨˣʱϥصķڡ
ŷ磬ʱڻĻǾųˣᱻ˳Ц
мĿ˷һۣŷͻȻһų˳ȥ
ͷɫ䣬ŤתΣ˲ŷǰͬݺݵ߳һȣ˵Ľһǿͷ˳ȥ
ᣬԶŷ硣
ͷʮײ˲ˣֹס˵ơһ˿ѪɫȻĶŹŷ磬ղһţȻҪɱڡ
ô˵ǰҪɱƾʲôһһߣҪһ壬ֱǳ˵Ρ


36 ɱ
һûɱڣŷվûٳֻ֣ȴһĨ÷ڷŭѡ
ǵ֮֮ӣѧͬеٮٮߣȻŪŮˣȴ竡С󣬷ڴûгԹĿΪͷļʱ֣Ѿŷɱˡ
뵽ڴ˸ŷдһĨ塣
ǵѪͷɫڷڵǰɢǿƣŷš
ʱܹסŷģֻһˡ
һǿƽĿת򽭲ʵ֪⵽ô£ΪʲôϻһҪɱҵˣڳĿˣǽӵģ뽭һ
ʱ򣬵Ѿ˺ˣ鷢չںͽ֮ûпܶˣȻȻҪԼһ档
Ҫ̬һηҵͶˡ
Ŀ˷һۣ˵ң
ȴһԿܵϣжǻҵϵľͷλߣһһ˽ƶѹȥˡ
Ҳܵǹǿѹʱ˿̤ǰһЦҪѹˣҽҲһף첻һҴӽ𣬱ǽĵˡ
ǴΪҵʸ
ӿıҪҪΪǸ߸ϵʱûӣǾȨƣһҲǱһ㣬û˻ῴҡ
оһڵ϶ü˶о⣬ӦýΪ׼ҵңʱȴ˲Ϊˡת˸̾Щ̡ν֣ǰֽͬһ㣬ʱԴơ
˶ȴػҾѣԻһĵĴ¼
ûнҪĻˡҡҡͷ¶һĨЦ⣬ָָŷ硣
ǽìͷŷϣͷ֮ìܡ
Ҳ֪⣬һõѡ񣬱ϾҲ뽭˺棬ìͷתƵŷϣòˡֻǴʱĹŷ磬壬ûơ
ɫһһףû˵ˡһŷҪɱͷı֣δܹס
ŷȻ֮˼аЦϵϢˣɱֱֹȥ
ͷɫ䣬ȫɢϵƣŷɱ
ĪҪҽ𣿡ͷĿɭȻڹŷϣЩѵʵ
һ·磬ͷƣʱȫŷѹסˣͻɱ֡
ڻ㲻ôŷЦˣֻɫˡ
ɱӵŨùͷɫŬֿȴûκα仯м˼㡣
ʱ˭ŷҪɱڣ棬ûܹŷǿˡ
ͷڳ˶ֻǵʱͷɫͨ죬ðһ֧Ųסӣ˭ԲǹŷĶ֡
˧
ĪСվһСѾͷʱѾûһˣ˫ðСŹŷ磬һݵӡ
ϲˣĪС´ʵֻȴһ˿⡣
ЦĿĪСһۣͻȻĶߣС˵СϲҲλõģ˲ʱĴţСžˡ
ۡ
ĪС¸оԼһѪ˳ɫ죬ݺݵĵ˽һۣѾͷʲô˵Сţĳ
ҪҲͻȻһͷĪС´ߣϽǸͷ׿ֻСĸȴڲͣ
Ů˽߹ͷѾ˼ޡ
ʲôû˵һ㶼һ㣬ֻƽĿһУ˲֪ʲô
ԽԽţов
ߣȴԼȸв£λν֮ӣͨǿ١
ڵı֣ٿͬһҫ۵Ĺŷ磬У˶ڽȵѡ񣬸Ͳѡ
Ƹǿ׬ģȨƣҲǿġǲܺ츳ȴܵõģŷı֣̫ҫˣպԲƸȨƣǱɣĶȣõѡ
ŷ̤ǰһƷһ̹ͷҲסˣһѪڵϡ
ǵصɱڷڵϣֵĴУŷг˿־塣
ŷ̧֣Ҫɱλ
š
ʱһҪֹŷĶ


37 
ϤŷҲ֪˭ˣֻĶȴûһͣ٣һźݺݵ˦ڡ
ɱȻ쳣ûһ˿ԥ
䡣
ٶȺܿ죬ڷڵǰӲ˹ŷһš˵΢΢ҡΣ˺һ˿졣
ŷȴ岽ֻθһվͳ˹ȥ
Ҫɱڣ̬ȣ쳣ͷۡǱˣֱ¾ˣǶԷǹŷ磬о֮ˣЩˡ
ס֣ŷ磬ҽ͡˺һ߳ĵŹŷĽоѡԪùŷʵһ磬ֻսȴֲĲ˼飬ȻΪֻ֣زҲʹȫ
ûʲô˵ģ㵲ɱˣҵĵˣϿÿȻҲҪŷĮ˵һ˫˸Ĺâ˵һ
ҽżңĳɱģһɱ⣬˭Ҳס
ǳţݺݵصһ۷ڣ޲һһ˭ãҪǹŷ磬ǳô鷳
ҽżҵôǵ𣿳аǷڻùŷ綯֣žһˡ
һ𿪹ŷ磬żæ˵ĪСµסҪɱ˷ڣĪС鷳ģҵ˾ԻǨŭĪҡ
Ҳ¡ĪСµ˵ԼȻֹ֧ŷɱˡ
ŵˣһĪС£ܱܲˡ
ŷĹȴͣվԭ˼һȻ󵭵ĵ˵ͷǺãҾһ
֣˵Ƕڳ鴤õķҴү˵һֻոսʱһԱȣǺεȵķ̡
ڴʱȫŷô˵Ҳ˵κλ
һ۹ŷ磬ʲôû˵ЩԵ˳ȥ
ڵϵĹͷڷڵĿ⸴ӵĿһ۹ŷ磬еΡ
ͬһߣȴ׵Ľܣ֮Ĳж󣬲Զ
ţҲԹˣﲻӭ㡣ŷĿһ۳ţʲôĿģԼ£ѡ
죬Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴȻһ̾Ц뿪ˡ
īɫĿ˹ŷһۣϵóţֻǲ֪ŷôλϹϵġѵżҵˣǻϵ
뵽īͿ΢΢һ𣬶ľĸо
ˣ˺ܶ⣬ôܾˣұ֤ԲⷢˣҿᡣڿˣƽǸղŷһЦģ˸оޱȡ
Щڶ룬棬ǽƳİɣĿľΪ˺ݺݵһҵӡֻͷһ𣬾ͱЩԺУԽûκκôֻ޾Ļ
˴Źŷ磬֪һ¹ˣ̤ŷڵļλ⡣
Ȼ֪ŷⲢӰ˶ľηһֶκ龪˵꣬Ȼǰ;
һֱȻǽܻᷢ⣬֮ʲôʱעƽ
ŷ뽭һ䣬ĪСºͽߣʶȤû߹
˭ûȿڣĬ
Σŷĵ˵ֶܺΣǣҲҲͷǸﶨ׶Բԣ
˻һĪСºͽ˵¶ŵɫ˫ڹŷϣ֪ŷǴ￴ġ
һ㶣ȻЦˣŷĿ͡ûڣ˵ͷЦ˵ĲһŪŮļһ⣬ôΪҵŮǽ㲻֣Ҳ˽һġ
ǳŰɡŷ絭˵
㵹Ǵŷˣı۲ôϬ˲ɶá
ŷȴҡҡͷҲΪʲôɱڣ
ǹؼùŷɱڣпǽ˼ΪǸطˣȫûбҪΪάڣλżҴˡ
ֻǳŷϵǣҡҡͷҲûֹɱڣųֹ㣬Ҳû뵽ģҿóʶҪ֪𰸣ȥʳŰɡ
Ҳ֪ŷĸоˣ΢΢һ£ŷ˵ͷپ⡣
ȴжĲˣһֱΪҪ޸ڣȴû뵽ȻְţϰֻŮġ
뵽ȸжһŮԼĸףϰ֣õİְ֣Ժ۸ңҧˡȻԼΪŮϰֵȨӦڲǰջȥˣַ˽
ŷ磺
֪ȶȥҧ˵ԭԭԴͷء
ҲһЦΪһҵ棬ǶԼŮȴһ취ûС


38 פյ
ȿֱЦȻڵܺá
һתͻȻŷʵŷ磬Ҵʲô
ǽȵգΪֵ̬Ĺŷ磬ǲȻЩ˵ȥ
ȶڹŷ絹ǺģôڹŷһäĿĳݵΪŷԼԻ˶ǰһ
һߵĪСɫЩ죬ڹŷҪ͸ȵͺˡŷصӽθڳ׵ĵֻǹŷ粻Щ߷ߡ
ʱȵʻĪС֪𰸼ҿˡ
ʲôܹഺפ֪ȴ֪ܿ
ŷһЦһֻڴȻóһҩ裬˸ʵĹΣԵƻã쳣졣
ʲôѵһűʯȺʵЩʧ䣬˵ٹıʯѵõֶʵڼȤ
ղŵĺ֮һֵڣǽȴûпһۡ
ŷҡҡͷ˽ȵĲ²⡣
СӾЩˣɢӫСʲô
˵θڱԼˣŷһЦǹΡĪСǺ񣬻еӰĿ⣬ŷһڽ˴𰸣פյ
˻һ˶¶ŵɫפյⶫ˵ȴûмʶѵĴڣ
ഺפĵҩֵǣֵڵĺ֮ǰֱ㡣
ŷ磬ûƭҰɣȾȻǵһӦģһŵӣϾפյû˼е㲻Źŷó
ǽС㣬;ԲỳɹҽĻȻ˵פյͿ϶ˣ˵ϻ˭óפյ·ǹҽĪˡ֪ʱīߵ˼ߣϴһĨ̾˵
īǺˣȻιŷ磬ҽƺĪСºͽȾȡϾŷֹһεǰ˵Լҽѵһҽ
īֵĻԴˣŷҾȣóפյ㵽ʲôԽĳǸʱҲ̲סЩɫŷķиһ֡
ŷ絫Ц֪Ը˵ҲûмʣֻǴŹŷϵפյһ̾ӡ
īĻûѹ˶֪˵еפյˣǸ漣У͸Ϊ
ˣŮ˶̲סΧ˹ŷ˸ʹεפյ˵϶һĨŰɵɫ
Ů˵ϸ¶쳣ȵɫ޲뿪˹פյС
˭ഺפرŮˣϣ˿׷ǺεڰԼŮ˵һ޷ֿջ
û뵽־Ȼ׼ϡ䱦СøӴഺԶлҲ˹һ̾ı顣
ڳУֻī֪ŷݣҽżҵĴˣܹóפյΪ棬פյġ
Ļôһɧ˵ǰīĻ˻ɣʱٿڣѾû˻פյˡֻǶڹŷݸӺˣ굽ʲôȻó˵еϡ䱦
лл㣬ŷ硣
ϵÿģ֪ݣ϶ֳ˵ٻϲĲˣĻɳ״
פյоЩĽӹŷеפյȻ˾ȵУһȥ
˶סˣŷ硣ѾͷôôȲ͵˵ȥбҪôż
Щ󸾺ǣͬһ޲ȵĶӣȥפյͳ
ഺפŮ˵룬Ǹϣôı̽˶档ĪСжЩһ־޴ʧļ䣬ɫЩÿ
˭ഺפҲŮˣȻҲ롣
һ˫ӽĶڹŷϣĪС²ǣפյǹŷóģȻܹóһţӦþóڶŰɣ뵽ĪСµ۾
촽ĪС¾ҪһֱŹŷ磬һҪóڶפյɡ
һڳԵפյȻЩԺ˵Ҷʲôѵϳˣ
ûгֻһڳԵڳŮԵζѡ
ǿʱһͻȻ
𾪵ĿУȷ˾޴ı仯һͷ㷢ͻȻĳ֪źͷ˸ĺʵĹ󣬷һ˲䲻֪ǰ˶ٱ
ͬʱ仯ǽȵƤӨļøӾӨ͸Ƥϣ˸ӨӨĹ˱֮֮ǰÿ˲֪١
˵֮ǰľɫʱϵӣֻϵӲô
ŷ絭һЦפյĹЧܹഺפò


39 ɱ
̫ˡ˶ŷгȡ
ҲԼı仯˻ϲĲˣͻȻ󵨵ĿŷߣȻһǡ
ŷЩ㶣ȴͨ˵ŷ磬лл㡣
˲ͷӦ˹ϵҪЩֵģŷЦЦ§סȣǵĹ˹Сӣ˵СɵϣлʲôҵŮˣפյӦõġ
Ҹĵ˵ͷĽͷڹŷš
ֳŮ˸Ľʺޣ޲ýȴӹŷĻȻԼǰȻԭΪϲŷ磬Ϊפյ
һЩŮ˸ƵĹâȵò֮һֲɵȻǵҪС֮䣬ģֻҪһפյͺáֻǿȴʱò˭ҲûǸš
ˣû˭ܹɹ
˶뿪ˣŮ̸ģĪСȴҪŷͻѧУ
ͣһ˵Ĺ·ߣĪСͨ죬һ۹ŷ磬Ȼһҧ˵ŷ磬Ư
ŷͷЩĪС£֪ʲô˼
ŷһ׵ӣĪСߺߵģҪҧĳ嶯ΪԼഺפ룬ֻҪ˵ֵҩ㻹𣿡
ĶŹŷ磬´Ŀеõ񶨵Ĵ𰸡
ûСŷЦ˵
޴ʧϮȫĪС²ûֿܣֻǵõִ𰸵ʱ̲סܡ
ŷͻȻһתĪСµ۾æʵʲô
ŷ¶һĨЦݣĿȵĶĪСµϣЦ˵СӦҵŮѣһһųҲ˵
ʲôŮѣܡĪСͻȻʶŷһ仰˼ϲӵ˵ղ˵ʲôפյƳģ㻹ƣ
ӹŷûʧϵĵ˵ͷ
̫ˣһšĪС¼˵
ãǴӽ쿪ʼҵŮˡŷʹĴӦˡ
ĪСһȻ󺰵Уܡ
ΪһפյԼĪСԼŷһ㲻ӦҾͲƵı飬ĪСͷˣһֿʼˡ
ǲ𣿡ɫĴһתĪС¿ʼ鹥ơ
ŷüͷĪСһۣȻͻȻб飬ޱ˵ҵϰ壬ǲѡ
ϰ㣬Ƶҩ
Բ𣬲ҵΧڡ
ĪС£ҡ
ĪС»˵Щʲôʱ򣬹ŷͻȻɫһһƣȻĪС¾ȵУ˵һȺ͵ļһȻˣαػزصġ
ͻȻڳǰ·Ƶҫ£Ӱϳ
һˣȻǸոձŷܵĹͷλߣһɱڵӡ
˭ĪС¾
ʱ򣬾ɵҲܿ˲⣬һҧҪ뿪
ŷȴֹסĶ˵õģС֮ѣҾͳȫǡ
죬ôĿСһɱˣΪԼ𣿡һɭȻ˵תǿϢȻһһ֡
ڵС۸ֵͣǿһһ磬ΪԼ޵ˣҪ֪ЩԶǵġһҲЦ˵
һһͬŰȻɫŷг˲м
һߣһЩ½˵źܴƣûнŷϡ
һߵĹͷɫÿҪڣȴסˣϼһ̫߰ˣͶ䳰ȷᣬǳԳԿҲǺõġ
ŷʵжǿû˱ȹͷֲ꣬ڶ֮Ѿ޵ˣϣҲδʤ㡣
뵽ЩͷѾ⣬
λһ֣ͷ˵λȻѾҵ˹ŷ磬¾͸ˣȥˡ˵꣬߰λߴӦͷתܣٶȷɿ죬һ˵ӡ
߻֪ԼѾ˹Źأͷӣϸ¶һŪɫ
С³߸ʮĴһ
ڰߣĿȫĪСסˣһɫڵӣĪС¸оģݺݵĻص˻ȥ
С椡Цһ㶼⣬һɫȻˣȻĲ˺ɫıԡ
ĪСµļ򣬹ŷЦ˵ҪûбҪһ֮
ĪСһ漴׹ŷ˼ĵ˵ͷĪСƽĿŹŷ³ӣȻ߽ߣš


40 Ҷ
ô߸һŪı飬һ߸ϵ̬һ㶼ûнŷСŷ粻һʹͬһߵľ磬Ҳűʤİա
ŷĿһ£Ȼϵĸһ𰸣
ĪС˵ĶԻ̲סһЦ˳û뵽ŷ絽ʱ򣬾Ȼ٩ˡҲĪСµĳ׵ķˣȻŷôɣȻűʤġ
߸ɫһڣĿĶŹŷ磬ɱȻ
Щͷߴٵ磬˵ôϻʲôɱСӣǸС椴ȥһãľɫˣһǵһμܹһȾɫҲֵˡ
һЦĪСµгС
Ǿȥɡŷɫһ䣬˵
Ԥ׵Ķˣһ㣬˲Ϣߵǰŷһĳֱȡߵͷ­
ͻȻϮһֲŷһԶھԵƣǲֵġ
ǳǵϣŷȴȳ֣쳣һУ߱ɡ
ΪϽḻţݺݵĴһȭĿǹŷڵλá
뺷Ĵ򷨡
ŷ粻벫оһߵȭͷȻһǰһѪ˳ȴһȻˣӹ١˻
ֻŷȴɱղŻŷ磬һת۱ôĿð߱ŭ˹ŷĶˡ
˾ͱˣװʲôֱ֣֪ܡŷһ֣̺ˣ˵ļй
Ҫʤǰϼһһ˺
СӣҪ̫񣬲ֻǿ͵Ϯһ£ΪֶγȺ𣿡߸ɫ̤ǰһŷš
ȰߣϢأʱҲʶŷ粻ǣԲǰΪֿ
뿪Ĺͷ˸зŭĶˡһ֪ŷȴⲻǣ˴
úǷϻˣɡڣŷЩˣۼҹԽԽˣȥѧУž͹ˣɲڽͷεһҹ
һ䣬ŷʴ䡣ⱬֲɱɢߡ
̫Ҷء
ŷһһ̫ͼۣɢ˾㤵Ϣ
̫ͼǰȥÿһƶһ֣һݵھŲ̫ͼѹ£ߵϡ
û˿أ߰λߣĿ̫ͼѹҽжһ˱̫ͼ飬ѪǷ׷ɣѪȵ˼㡣
ŷڷ˸һ𲻿һħƬء
һ̣ĪС¼ˡеİӣأ̰˷
һ̣ʧŷӣ˹¶һЦݣ˵С£ղ˧ɣ˲ɶãʺѵģǧҪպûᣬȻˣɾͿˡ
ȻǸϤĹŷ磬ɵһûСĪСղԼôһ˧أеİӡ϶Զˣе㲻ʹ
ֻǣĪС»Ȼûע⵽Զ˺Ӳʹûκ߼ϵġ
ϳ˹ŷһۣĪСû˵
ٺһЦŷϳˣûж˵ʲô̲պӻأѾͷԲӳŷġ
ԼרһϵһǣŷûһֻӵһŮˣ˵ŮȻԽԽãСͽҪվŮЬ״ƨȻˣŷҲûзԼ롣
ĪСĿ֮һڻǣǹŷҲųܣֻպദˡ
ҪվŮŷһŮ˾ϵûи飬Ȼһѹ˷ǰŷҲῴһۡ
ӺܿصѧУĪСûлԼׯ԰ɫϾ̫ˣصԼϢ
ŷҲˣ˭û˯Ǽһһ²ѧš
ŷ磬ˣƬһ𿴡кС۾ϣһЦݡŷٺһЦΧ˹ȥ
׺лڷһŭĵͺȻ˷ɻ
۾ȫѪ˿һΰ׺֮УĴ̫ˡҸղŵõϢһĹŷɱԷڲò뿪׺Сһŷ籨ûܹס
ڻֻǱӻؽ
ŷ磬ҵţĪС¡ӣһᱨġ˻


41 ˿
ڶ죬˸ŷϢ˵ˣùŷЩôһҵļ̳ˣôôС
ұǸ쵰أûлˣǿ׳㻹ǻȥɣСӹǣʲôˣû㣬ȣ»ʮꡣŷһƱ飬ǿ׳վȶµӣ̲סһ
ŵˣǱˣǸǿ׳
͹ϵĹ󸾴սһϣһõ˷ڵϢȻƨƨߵŷ籨ˡֻʵ̫ˣ֮£Ȼվסĸо
ĵҲŮ˵ĶƤ棬һӻҲǿ׳ٺЦ⡣
Լŵ׼򣬲
ĿһۣŷЦ㿴ĵǺܿһģ˵ǹҹʮŮʲôģܹһϴսСʱ۷粻ֻ˼ǲԼ壬Ǿ˰ɡ
ŷЦе˵ȴøǿ׳Ӷɳˡŷóפյ֪ŷ粻򵥣Ļǿ׳Բɡ
һϴսСʱ۷粻뵽ǿ׳ӶŹˡ
ǲʾⷽں뵽ǿ׳ʱ˾Ҳˣŷ˹ȥҪס
üͷһ壬ŷֱȻһڸǿ׳ƨ棬ֱſڵˡ
ùŷ綼ЩЦãⲻģû뵽ǿ׳徹Ȼز
һƵĸǿ׳ŷ˵ҲϲˣԺΣյĶ㻹Ǳˡ
Ҳϲˡǿ׳ҧгݡ
ŷ統ûпɫóֻİһȻǿ׳˵ֻš
㶵ĽֻŸ߹ŷ磬ǿ׳ֻʾ
ķӣһ£Ժÿ³һΣ㳤꣬ʮ˻Ůġŷüͷ˵һŲɫ
ǿ׳ɴ۾ٵĿһ۹ŷ翪ҩЩŵʵģ
ٵģѶɾ˰ɡŷаЦ˵
ǿ׳ȴٺһЦֻ֣صķ˿ڴУȻһĵ˵ôܲŹأ˵ǰɣʲôϵ
ŷЦһ
˷ֿŷȴûȥϿΣ˳ϵסûйأŷֱ˽
ϺͿ죬վڿ񻪵ߣһɵӣ˿û֮ǰϵۻơ
ŷ˽˶һ㶣¶ɫȻҲʶŷĿġ
Сţ˰ȥСŰȥЦŷԸ
˵ͷľ߽䣬һŵӳݸŷ硣ݣȴ飬ȥԾˡ
˷ܣȴǿһмӣ˵ƭˣĿҪҴ˰ɣ̹ףҲһῼǲĻթƭǧ޿ȴĽʲô֪𣿡
һ߿ЦãϼһֿʼԼ׾ӵļˡ
ŷɫ䣬ߵ񻪵߶Ȼ͵ؽĿӸ˺ݵȳǰһ˿ɫûһ
ŷĶ򵥶ֱڳ˶ͷðߣ˶ܿŷڱ񻪵ļ
ȴ⣬ֻҪŷܹκԼȣ˵˺ԼĿӣ׾ջû⡣
ǿ֪Լүүе뷨϶Ŀɿڴ
ŷȻ֪ЩʲôĻϻЩͷһöôһϻľջȤֲǱ̬
۲һ󣬹ŷͻȻ˵ȣвʱ˰ɡ
ʮˡ̾Ϣ
ŷһһ˿⣬е𾪵˵㻨˲ٹϰɣҿӦڶʮǰӦ˵ġ
˵ʲôɫһ䣬̲סǳӦôûжģǿ׼ȴ쳣ظ飬ŷԼүүĻȻ̲ס
һתͷŷ˵졣
һɭȻϢӹŷϱÿһʶ˺һ
һں͹ŷĽУ˾Ե·硣
һĻÿ񻪺ͳˣڿǿǷǳ˽ģ֮ͬУûܹѹڹŷ羹Ȼƾһܹÿȴ
ɫÿȴܷϾԼүүȻҪŷơҲ֪ŷϹŷֲ֣֪ԼǹŷĶ֡
û˵ôվһߣ
ŷȴû¶˿ɫٴνĿͶ񻪵ϡ


42 뷨
ҽ߸ĸģɲ˵˵ѣΪƵʱ򣬲۶Է˭ŷ綼ʮ־
ǶҽأҲǶء
ĹԷĥ㣬жĳްŷվһ̾˵
ڳɫһ𣬹ŷ羹Ȼֻǿһۣ֪֢ڡ
ʵʵı£ҽʦǲ̵ֵġ
ҽ𣿡񻪸оԼЩŹŷ磬Ķϣ˵ԼʧĻ
ôѾʧ˲ٴΣŷ綼ûа취Ļͳ׾ˡ
ѡŷüͷ˵ֻȴû˵ҽΣÿ񻪵۾
˸˼£ͻȻ˵ڤ뷨ûаոҽΣ
ʲôڤ뷨ŷ羪еһߣϲʵڤ뷨֪䣬ҡ
˭û뵽ŷôķӦղŵĵȻȫһȻŷڤ뷨
ŷ磬ȷſүүһ߲˵
ŷȴûֻһ˫Ӷڿ񻪵ϣϵı쳣Сӵ뷨գڤ뷨뷨뷨ศɣ޾磬ԳΪ˵еҽɡ
ͻȻ뷨䣬ŷܹ
ȿȣŷȷſϷֻҪܹκҵȣڤ뷨˫ַϡ񻪿һ£˵
á
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Զһվһɫз̷Ե쳣ī
ŷͣī˹ɫȴЩ졣
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43 
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񻪣ģźܸߵĵλ׶Щ磬Ҫ𾴣οī
īҵǸѾͷɣôˣôƯīСһùŮ˿Լ֮ʡ
Щ죬رǿֵ¸صǰĿ佱īЩ˼
Ϲˣīաī˼˵ɫģһƻһɰҧһڵĳ嶯
ͷֻʵʵ˵ѣҲ۹⣬СſɲһˣŮѣһҸ񻪿Ц˵
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īԾȺѾ˺ܳʱˣҪκãֱȵ컹Ҫء
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ŷ磬Ҫս߳Զһ޴ȴ˹ŷתȥһȭͷǰŴ󣬴ź磬ֱա


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룬ٴȥҪֳûбʤաŷֱԲ䣬ȷʵûбʤİա
ҲһһѲĶ֣ҲôͺԾȵպپ۵ʱҪ۷һսħĮ˵Ǹһ㣬ɺС
Ȳһ졣
˴˱˴ˡ
˶ӣȻС˿˫ж˾衣˵պ۷ԾڽգֳܽȥǾԲº֡
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ٻܽһ˿ǻùŷһ
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Ĵһۣŷҵ˽ٻʱٻ̨棬һ޿Ůӡ
ŵҲǱףŷˣ˲ǱˣǶ·塣ƿȺ˹ȥŷڽٻϲĿжһ֮һֻƤˣء
û°ɡ
ŷվٻ̲סʵ
ʼ򣬹ŷһ¶棬۵죬Ц˵㲻õģû£ֻ˵Ƥ˶ѣͺˣ֪׷ʲô飿
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Ҳǹŷûбԭп϶ʲôԭ
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ףãˣ
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һѽɷŷбۿŶԷ˵Ҫ
ʲôŷû˵ȴףԷ϶֪˼
Ȼŷ˵֮ӵĸɫ䣬ܹһۿԼˣǱĸ֡
뵽ӵĸľһһɸʰ·磬д裬ȫΪһᣬʧ֮¡
²ŷԼﲻĴ֮һ̬Ⱥõĳ棬Լ޷ǿߡ
ƲƲ죬ŷ粻м˵˶һԣӲǸղſзִ磬Ѿˡ
һɫ΢䣬ȴ硣
ûٿһۣŷ̨ȻһӵһŽٻȥ
ŷ磬㲻ǻᣬ㲻󺰵
شǹŷһָȻӰƮȻȥ


46 ˭۸ҵŮˣ
ϣůҪ˯ĳ嶯ѧУеһ¶쿧ŷŵǽٻڹŷĿע£Ѿͨ졣
ʦƯŷһֻ֣ٻУĸоͷһ
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мĻԯ죬Ļٻ»ʶԼĵС
컬ࡣЩ˼ٻ̲ס
ԼͷŷЦ˵㳢
å
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ֻĻ˵꣬㱻ŷˣŷվһѽٻ§ڻУ׼ӣȥ
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˽Ͱ͵˵ЩԼٻѧУǱĴȴںһӵǣһô˵棬ʱŮˡ
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ڷѾлһֽмԿŷķŭ
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ٻҧ촽վ˵ע£ŲŲ

ʱ򣬻ҵĴͻȻһ߿һŭ˽˭۸ҵŮˣ


47 ˼
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ŷ˽ٻ֪ΪʲôǿͻȻһɾ޴ίоĿ֮£һͶ˹ŷĻ
˭ŭǲС

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ٻı֣Ҳܲ³ŷݣ϶ǡֻѧʲộš
κұûָŹŷ磬һ仰Ҳ˵
һֵͷ龰ʱüͷһ壬˵λǹͬѧɣȥѧУʦڿᣬԴǶȫУʦĲء
ܴһñӣ۵ʵʵģĻᶼûУϾʵء
һȺֻ֪۸Ů˵˵ΪʲôҪǣŷһ˼ɶûУֱӿ
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ѧУʦҪ㡣κ˵ˣŭ죬ʱǲˣֻڹŷУһֻŭĺӣһвûС
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ŷԼκһ˿ңǿ򶨵غʲôס
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޳ô͵ӣͷҲҶ˵ʲôһûκĿӣǻ
˭óŷһ˼ɶûУԲΪݣаֿġ
ͷı֣κҲָʹľǶԷڵãҪùˣԷȴһߣӶ
뵽κҵһŭһҧУһˣֹ
κôһͷòվɫŷ˵ͬѧ侲ǿԴӳ飬ñֶνһС
ŷ翴һۣϯ̨
κʱҪӣѾˣŷߣһѽԷԼǰŷͻȻЦˣЦʵ㲻ҪҵŮ𣿻Ҫǲǣ
ǣ㣬ˡκҽͰͣסˡ
ŵˣûмôŵļһȫ˼ɣɲ밤ᣬһô
ĿͷκϣܹԼ
ͬѧӲͷƤУͷڣҪȰŷ硣
ֻ˵ͱŷˣĿһۣŷӱ죬ҲʲôöΪֶӱҿûǸ͡
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һƳڽȨϣλȨصĸУֱӴˣɴ۾Źŷ磬һѧȻҴ
ʱ򣬽ȨҲ˲ôˣŭǲǣ绰˵ѧУһͽڹЩʦͼıɱǡ
ԣϽκҲ󺰵ŷгһֿ⣬һﾹȻԼһùġ
ֻǣκȴˣԼʱŷץء
ٻЩңѡŹŷ磬վû˵ĿһС
ϯ̨ϵĹŷȴЦˣͽͦ˼ĳƺҾһͽǿ

κҵԴֱӺ淢һܽӴʱԴһŷһֻҲûţȨһνӴ
˶ˣȨҪߣȴŷһץסȫУʦ𾪵Уŷ翪ʼһһƵĳ˵ϡ

һƳκҵϣŷֹ
Ȼһ˦ڽȨϣǸĶԽȨ˵Բ𣬸У̫˧ˣ̲סһ¡
̨µ˾ĿŹŷŸϡŹֵˣȴûһ̨˭ҲΪеһԱŷ뺷֣޸֮ʦܹԿġ
һᣬ˶ͷκȫСʱҲȦһڽȨѾ׺ͷˣ̯ϾԿȥ
Сţ࣬ҲõӦеĽѵˣְɡϵͻȻ˹֪ʲôʱһͺͷ˵߽˻ҡ
ŷ翴һۣͻȻЦһ˵һ˶𾪵Ļұ죬ȥ


48 Ϊһ
ѧУʦסˣҲסˡʲôݣʲôʱ˸ǳ³صҲƽཻ֡
뵽ŷݣϿЦһǸˣںԼŽء
֪ŷԭڹûпýٻ
뵽ϿЦ˵ˣǰ֪ʦ飬Ҳᷢˡ
ⲻɣҽ㵱ѣȴĵҵŮίôͣŷ˵
̨µʦȻŷ羹ȻǳϵѣҿӣǳܳΪѣǳϵһ㣬ƾʲô
ڹŷݣЩ˸Ӻˡ
ʱȴû˸˵˭ҲԸⱻȥ
һ㶣ŷ罫Լѣ¶һĨϲ⣬ڹ۲ͺͷһ¡Ҳڲ²ŷͷԷʲôˣȻó˶Դ
СģһһģκҡȨӽǱ㲻ѧУʦˣʰϽҹϵ˵гһϡ
κҺͽȨˣԺģϵĻ֮ǳˡκҵǾ֪Լˡ
ڽȨһŵӣǷŭϣûǸȨУҵģԺУҲҵģ˭᲻ߡ
˻һվڳߵǸͺͷ˵ɫЩÿǱˣѧУУԴȨȻڴԼУλõ⣬ɫܺÿء
һƳڽȨϣŷ׳գұ졣
ȨͷתȴҲ˵һ仰ˡ
ǸУλüȻȱˣðٻٻɣҿǼҵٻٻѧУʦͷԣҲǸλáŷֵ˵ֱӽȫУʦˡ
ԴɫһڣֻгϿЦһǹż˵Ըء
ûȵϱ̬Դվ˳Źŷ˵ͬ⣬ʦĲǴҶĿõģУλãӦû˻ᷴ԰ɣ
Ȼ˻ᷴԣֻǿϯ̨ϵĹŷ磬˶ƴͷ
ٻٻȻ鰡ҳ㡣ŷվһݵӡڽȨκҵţϯ̨ٻ§С
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Ҳûж룬һһȺȥ˴ߡ
㣬ûˣæŷкȻ§Žٻ뿪
˶ĿɿڴȻǿЦãĿκҺͽȨ˱ͽߡ
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̫ˣӽУκҪˣһ٣ٽ֣ǿ϶ܺڽ顣˴ʱѾ뿪ѧУڴϣ뵽ղŵ飬ٻ̲סЦ˵
˭ô۸㣬˭۸㣬Ҿ˭ŷ˱ԼȭͷһԼӣýٻЦ
Ǹж֪ŷ粻ڿЦ
˽ŷĻУٻһ˫ȫ顣
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أŷȻʲô»ݣ»ʲôʵˣȻҪˡ
ŷûʲô⣬ٺһЦԶһƵ꣬ŷ§Žٻ˽ȥ
һ䣬ӵ˽ȥ
ȴ֪˵һж¼ˣһƬһ˵У޳˫ЩƬӢ¶һĨЦݡ
ҡ
뷿Уٻ§סŷ磬ӣùŷ綼ЩԲ
ٻҰҺޣȻŷŮˣ㲻ڣ˫һ˿ཻ
໥֮ĸϵԽԽ١
ŷɿٻĺ촽˳ȥһ˫ָڽٻǰ棬е谭ȥ
ŷĸͷסһŷ۵ѡ
޳ٻһһ˫޳Ƚŷס
ϵıӽ˸סһʹƺߣ˳Ϊһ塣
ٻ۽ˮǼҸ֪һֻ̣ڻ˵ĻС


49 ͷ
УоʱţŷҲ֪ԼҪ˽ٻΣһֱʵܲˣǽ
󣬽ٻڹŷĻУ۵ļȫǺۣɴ˿ɼղŵսǶôļҡ
ŷһδӣһεĳ嶯ٻһĵİһ۹ŷ磬һ㶼֪ϧңһξͰ˼ŪôݣĻԺˡ
ѵ㲻𣿡ŷЦʵڽٻǰ
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ŷٺһЦٻѹ£
ֱڶ磬ǲŴӳ˯ѹոճΪŮ˵Ľٻɢһ־Ķǵһ˫Ӽܹγˮƹ˫գ޲ɷ
һٻشϣŷ绵Цݣٻŭĵһۣû˵һ㶼֪ϧ˼ңɫǡ
ɫҽҪǴɫǵĻôӵŮ˵ǲǰʦʦֹŷýٻһַС
Ժ׼ҽʦͽٻٻɡ뽯ٻ˵ŷ綼ֹϵˣٱʦܲˣ̫Ťˡ
ϿεʱҲôƺ𣿡ŷ绵Ц
˹ŷһۣٻȵң
𴲶ٻ·ŷŽٻ߳Ƶꡣ·һЩ˿ٻ·Ѿӣʱ¶һЦݣٻͨ졣
ŷҲڵЦֻһ̣Цݱ㽩סˣһֻСס⣬תšŷڳ鴤һί޹Žٻˡ
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ǰȺͻȻһңȻ㴫һ󾪺ŷ뽯ٻһۣҲ˹ȥ
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ȺһʮŮɫ԰׺٣ڵλãСڳʲô޴ʹһ
ಡŷüͷüһ۾ͿŮĲ
ÿǿҽԺɡٻģΧ޶ԣ̾һ۾Źŷ磬һĨ
ŷȴҡҡͷˣû͵ҽԺѾˡ

ٻһ¶һĨѹɫ֪ŷ粻˵ѣһʻԼǰʧзǳܡ
Сֵ˵Ĳģһܸһ¼ȣûа취ˣϧһӡһĿһ۹ŷ磬Ȼ̾Ϣһ
ҽȴҽҽȱٹߣûŮ
һۣŷ˵㲻УҲУǰԳҲ뽫
һǿţĿɿڴȴǿЦãŷ͵ˣѧûбҵأôô߳ҽ
ŷŮ˹ȥڶԷ߶̲סѵСֵܣûа취ˣ㻹Ǳǻһʲô飬ûкô
ҲǺģھ˲ɣȴԷӵȥˣԴСŮεڣû˸վˣ鷳
ǹŷȴȻ⣬¶һĨŵЦݣŮᱧȻ˫´һĶûŮڡ
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ŷֶΣȻõҽַϵĹ⣬ִܻɣ򲻵ѣٻѡҽβڣŷȴԼΪЩʲôҽ
Ů۾ڹŷǰһˮӣЩġʶԼһİӵĻУŮһ˿ҡ
Ҫ£ղεˣھ㡣ŮеĻңŷЦ˵Ҳһ߰ǻǰСҪúøлλСֵܣҪһؿܾͦȥˡ
ԼŮʱǹŷԼ
뵽ŮС¶мɫллλ磬ллҡ
ŷҡͷ֮ͰˣĲѾˣҪƣꡣ
ŮЦˣȴһ־ĸоЩ˵û˿κҵĲģ˺öҽԺǶ˵βá
Ůӣ˶ЩᡣһŮδԼأȴҹҹ벡ħʱпܵ㡣
ٻߵߣŮС֣Ŀȴŷ磺ŷ磬ܸκ𣿡
ŮĿͶŷ磬Լİ֪꣬ΪһĪİĸо
ŷ˵ͷܹϵ˵ԣĲΣֻǴ󲿷ҽǷѣԲ˵βãķһҽУֲʵ㲻ʲô
ŷĿܴͬʱҽǸɫ̫ÿ뵽ŷղı֣ȴһ뷨ҲǰͲ꣬˵Ҳ˵
ûƭңŮϲ˵˸һֹԣǶĿԽΡ


50 ʹŮ
Ҵƭˡŷ絭˵
Ůԥһ£Ȼ˵ͷѡŹŷ硣ԼĲԼûٱڸ̣ˣʱпȥ
ӹŷϣŮܵһְȫУĪľܹԼ
ٻֻ˵绰ٻŷ˵Уһȥ˵ҪְᣬʽΪУȻѧУˡ
壿ŷЩԥͬʱԹԴһ㲻ˬһѡʱ䣬֪Ů岻̫ˬ
ɫһ죬ٻ˹ŷһۣûµģİɡ
ٻһˣŷ罫ŮȺҲɢˣֻ϶һĨȺͺ棬ҽѵôô
Ǹû뿪׷һֹӡ
һۣŷ˵ʲô˵ɣӹҽ
㱻ԼһڿˮǺǵһαӹҽȴǰĪ꣬ܿӵһ춯صҽҽЩη
һԼſڵǰ׺еҽԺԺĩһֱҽ֣һҽ֪СֵûȤ
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ңȥҲڵҽԺżҴˣһ˾֧һ缶ĴҽԺˡ
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ҲŴκҵĲٻѩа뵽۾иǶһֽϣĹâ
ܿ죬ٻѩļңһıռ쳣ĶУҲ˵Ƕһݡ
ſվĿ⾼ϻ͸һɾ˵ɱһ֪ͨı˾һ־ִɱ˲˵֡
ٻѩݣŷͻȻӵͷ˼ңɲһˡ
ڿŷһ˲䣬ܵһΣյĸоӶʱĿ⾼ĶŹŷ磬ϵļýģһʱֵӡ
һٴеӣٻѩһЦȫ壬壬ǲҪţŴβģڴϣҿŴңȻҾͿ¾ͼˡ
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һϽǰסٻѩȻ󱻳ıͻȻŷһɫ˵лСѩ
ⲻǷĵĸм͹ģùŷ̾
΢΢˵ͷûж˵ʲôһٸӱ߳һСкŷ翴˵òʱ¶һĨЦݣ绹С


51 ҽ֣
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˻һڳ˶һĿȫ˹ŷϡ


52 ҽ֮
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ϰдĻҼסӽԺֻҪٸ˵ϰһ仵ȴĽǼʮĴɱҲ˵һɱڵӡ
Ļбŭȴһ仰˵ˣȫôһȺߣ񻹲ǰڲ
Ա߿һĻɫдŲмûнǰЩ˷Сֻйŷһˣ˹ŷôʱ䣬ȴ˿ŷĵϸӸղŹŷĶԿ϶ŷ粻ͨˣһ֣ľ磬ȴŷľ硣
ֻ˵һ⣬ǹŷʵԶԶ֮ϡ
겢ģóĲ书ҽ뵽ͻȻ˵ղ˵ҽУ֪˭𣿡
һڣʱ˵Ŀⶼеϡ
ŷѾصɳţĻ˸ȻĻش𣺡˭ҿ϶֪ʦĸ˵ҵǺϽɣңβ
㡭һŭŷѾǵһʦˣǸҲ̲סȻɫֽʦΪأһΪʦΪԲ˵˵ѡ
һʮ꣬ҽôЩûһ㳤̳ĵҲһСŷ绺ҡͷһмӡ
ɫˣŷ˵ʦǹҽֻһʮļһôһۿһ㣿
һʮָ꣬ĲҽҪʮ꣬ǱεҪʮꡣǹҽҽԴ̼ǱƼԤ֧εȻҪ١
Ȳѣ˻ԸѡƷʽʱ޶ˡʮȥ˭֪ôѡ
ڹŷ翴ⲻ³˵ҽˣ
㵽˭о˸ŷ硣
չţ㲻ǰ׳յĻӦÿԲ³ҵͷŷ絭˵һ̣ͻȻһɰǵأ˲
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ֻһһͬâɵ֮󣬷˸ı䣬ǸҲչţļȫԲҰճ
һҽܵޱȣǷ˶ʮ꣬ҽûһ
һֱ磬ϧҽ֮ǽҽʥ磬ܻܿᲹȱ㣬һµɣȴɱˡ
뵽Щɫײ֪ŷ֮͹ŷһϸߵͣʱȴҡ
ŷһǸĪ⣬ûбʤİա겻Լʦ·뵽һ仰Ҳû˵ת뿪
Ļɴ۾ϴŲŵɫʱ򣬾ɵӣҲ֪ŷĲˡĬȻȥôͨˡ
ԹĿ˹ŷһۣĻϽȥ
ĸҲſ׷ȥ
һӾֻйŷһЦݣ˺Ŀ֮£Ե쳣ƽ
̲ס˵һ䣺Һܺ棬С㵽һʲôˣ


53 ˴ŵս
üͷŷһԸشӡ
¶һĨЦ⣬ʲôĵطҲǿġ
⵹ûУֻѵûз֣ʵˡŷһƵӣϻһ˿ޡ˰ѵ㶼Թŷ˵һ޴Ĵֱˣʵ
ɫһ㶣ЦЦûʡ
ŷȻ˵ȻǿһˣֻҪŷԼûж⣬ôࡣ
ºٻѩҲЦˣǾŴĺú档
СѩĲСмգŹŷ磬ŵġ
¹ŷֻһʱ£ǸβҽˣһβԼŮҪˡ
㣿ŷɫЩŹ֡
˵ͷҧҧʵ˲𣿡
ŷ̾һһƵҡҡͷ
һٴ˵߲㣿
ŷɫÿˣһʧӣĳԨѵ³һ仰ܸİհɣ
㣿ŷ羪һȻһĿ˵㿪ʲôЦأСѩĲֲǲȻ˵գⲻҽ𣿡
ŷǰĻѾκϣˣ֮ŷ˵Ļȴһ㶣ŷӦ
һ˫֪ԼˣˣŷںԼЦһɵӣʮʮİհɡ
뵽̲ס˹ŷһۣһ˲ķ飬ùŷ綼ɵˡ
ܿŷʶԼĲףЦһתȴûз֣ĿҲ
İ㣬СѩĲΣʮİգһỹһСѩġŷ籣֤Ȼһ˵ѾˣмλҩҪ׼ٹСѩơ
ЩҩʲôҪȥ׼ɡ˵
ŷȴҡҡͷҩȥһ󶼲УǮһ˼ҩ롣
ŷ˵ôأҲҲˡ
ͻȻ뵽һ飬ԥһ£˳СţҪأ㿴ǧ򹻲
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ΪŷˣɫһҪŷ硣
˳ߣβĲȡߣշСѩԵԺ㲻Ҫ˵ʲôѵˡŷƮȻȥ
Ļȴص˳ߣβĲȡߣշ򣬻㱼䣬Щˡ
ŷصѧУʱѾϰ˾ŵˣٻһ绰֪Ѿ˸УְλԼϢŷЦŹ˵绰
صᣬ˽Ŀȫеϣɫ쳣졣
ŷƽˣ˵˵ɣַʲô飿һ¶ֱ飬ָʲô鷢ˣ˾֪֣ŷڶѾϰˡ
鷨磬磬磬磬磬УӣУӣУëһ˴ţͬʱ㷢ս˵Ҫ档һ˵ı顣
˴ţκһܴŰ׺ѧһ۷ˮƽ˸һ˷սǴûйģҲǿ֪ġ
û˾ùŷӮٺãҲһ˶ѣȫš
һɣŷ˵Ϊʲôսң˭ͷģ
δѧУ̳Ϸ٣˵Լǿ㶩飬ǷԣȻˣȴͱŮ˾壬һЩһ˵ƲͶˡΪŷͣ飬ˣҽ˵ͷͷǵ
սŷԲӣ˶ܿǰ˴Ź£۸һˣǡ·忪˵һѧ鼮Ľζ
ŷȴ˰֣Це˵ӣΪʲôӣҵҪ˴ŵʲôͣʱһĿޱӡ
˻һ·ȴû¶˿ȵɫ
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תŷǱߣŷһһIPǹŷʺţֱڰ˴ŵս淢˼仰һȺ߹ָȣ֮˵㣬ѧУãĿޱӡ
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ŷͽٻĹϵҲģȻ˵ˣٲԸǾɵˡ


54 ǹ
һլĻнվһߵǰԼڰ׺е˵һ顣ֻȴԼԼ˵ɱ۸һ
Ƥ̧û̧ĻĸҲҵĵԼʲôԣкȻʵ϶˵вࡣ
ûб̬˳˼Էչţùҽ֮ͽ˱ᣬ濹⣬»ţѵǸ˵ĺ
뵽ҡҡͷǸ˵ĺĻĻʱѾһʬˡǸһֵ֣¾ûڡ
ףҪΪǸˣظˣǸң׳ͷĻһߵӣԼ֣ȴңûͬ⣬˭۸ŮΪС
ԼײΪĻҧҧ˵ףǧǸټȥˣ˵ĲкңҰ˼Ҷ˵Ҽҽ̲ϣ̳ŵһŮ
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ͬھǵһСУһԶŷ˵˳
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ҽһܣԳһɣпܳΪϵҽʥȴΪǸˣԼһٵˡ
ʮʱ䣬ҽû˿޷ͻƵҽʥǸ
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˵ͷŷ˽ȥӭӭǹŷʱһ£Ȼָ΢Ц˵á
ŷ˵ͷȻһܣʵа𣿡
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ŷ籾˵ԵģһȺ˴߹¥ȥŷȺп˼ˣǶʱһĨаЦ
ղǼôȥˣ㲻ǸҰû𣿡ŷɫӭһǰ˵ﲻһĻͱҪȥˡ
뵽ӭϽشι֮ǰѾԤ˰䣬ƭ
ŷ¶һԭ˵ɫȻ󵭵˵ɣøղŽȥǼ˹ǵİҪˡ
ӭĿɿڴɵסˣʱͻȻһιŷժ¥Էʱ򣬾ǸθǷìܣȻһιŷڹ¡
ֻǣү¾°ɣοཫһСԱ棬еκﲻ𰡡


55 ˭Ҫù
ӭǿɥŵЩ룬ͻȻվ˳Щڰŷ˵ŷ磬˰ɣΪһСŮǾڴˡ
ĵĿⶼе˶ϣŷǹģԱ쳣м
ͻȻãϻк˵ģǰλô뵽ӭɫЩ죬֪ΪʲôŲӢȴĸо
˵Ŀ£ɫҲЩ죬¶˼ɫùŷи̾ۿ˶AƬûʵģһǴĺӡ
ȻֵܿӭŷҲˣûΪӭ˼
ðɣȻֵܿˣҲͲΪˣԸ˾ˣ㻹ллֵܡŷһֵܴӣӭЦá
ڶ棬ȷʵǳмɫһ죬ӭһ󵨵ľٶȻߵߣһ¡
˲ˣȻ˫һȻֱȥ
ǣȻĻ˹ȥùŷǿЦãЩ޴ӭŷ˰֣Ц˵ûϵģ㲻ùˣһǵȥϲ˾ˣˣθĸ᣿
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ŷŶߣһ¥һ飬Ȼ˹Ȼҽһҵѽұǿˡ
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ҵ203ŷ¶һĨаЦݺݵһ˳ȥ
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˾ɲ߽Ĺŷˣһŭ
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Щ竲һǣϵȥμˣۼ֤˹ŷǿơˣǣټ󽭱ʡҶԱˣ˵λһ֡
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ֻжθ⣬ЦһʱƶѣҲһܹģܿù³ǣ־־ǽĻһԭԭٵġ
־ͺ־һɫÿȻô˵ǶڷںͷңĻ쳣ɵġ
θյĻŷȴЦˣ˵Ҳ֪Ժ᲻ᵹùȴ֪ھҪùˡ


56 
־Цˣ־ҲЦˣֻжθһޡ
˭ҲɵӣŷĻ˵ĺףθҪùˡܹŷԺĽֻôǽùˡ
㣬θɫףЩɫŷ㲻Ҫ̫֣йֳָҪǶңŹġ
Ŷŷ粻ÿɷ񣬶־ͺ־ȴһĨЦ
йֵĸֳΣڻǽʡҲûпŷаɵ־Ҫɱ
ңһеĹֳָҪǿ˲֪ٱ
һڿˮθԼùŷ˶ŹԼֻϣһԷԼʱܹһ㣬ٲɱ
ôĹ٣ˣθͷ̫ˣ˼ҵСĸζͨͨءһöθɫһŭˣҪ֪˭ʱ򻹸Լ¡
ֻǵ˵ʱɫȴ̲סһ䣬ǲ
ŷĻͷȻһ˲ǱˣǸǿ׳ֻǲ֪ôҲ
ǿ׳ӵӣŷ֪һ϶ǰԼҩҩˣȻòز
ߴ٣Ҷθûǹɣθɫѿڸǿ׳ǰȴҷ
ǿ׳ҡͷȻЦ˵ûǹңȴֵܣֵܵĵˣҵĵˡ
ֵǣθֲõԤС
ָָŷ磬ǿ׳ٺһЦ
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̫ˡһЦĹŷ磬ǿ׳ΪԼ͹ڵˣڿ͹ŷȣĲһ㡣
лл佱
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57 ߼
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ҽżҡ
˵Լļ壬ŷûһһпԼǵĸǿ׳Ϊѹʲô⣬ǾԲ˵Լļġ
˶Լ˼ŷȻûģ飬Ҫġ
ǿ׳û˵ҽżңȻŷ翪ˣûļ壬Ȼ
ãӦòţҾ¥˽˵ģֲָֻšǿ׳һһ⡣
ŷ˵ͷû˵Ŀ͸ǿ׳뿪˿Ϊѣһ¥ŷ粻Կġ
׺дˣθճ˴֮󣬰ǹ·ӵ˴ϡһ裬μҴŭҪѰҶֵˡ
֪ǹŷ綯֣иǿ׳ȥμƻˣʲôҲ˵˶ǵﲻǶμڰ׺кǿƣҲﲻ
μҽһĶθս˻ȥȻμұȥˣ˶֪ˣұ
ǿ׳ҹϻؼ壬ʱеһȺ˵ָϵĳϹӶܿ
ǿ׳˽ԽĲҵøˣǲ̫һ㡣һʮЦ˵Ǹǿ׳Ĵ󲮸ߺдᣬҹٿҲǣͷ
ԼĲҵͼûʲôϵɡǿ׳дһĨŪ
߼ӵܵĲƲڼġߺЦ
ô˵󲮵ݼţҲڼˣô󲮽ݹ׳üͳһ
ߺɫһ䣬һתͷλϵˣЦܣĺöӣǮⶼлûˣ
λϵˣǸ߼Ҽǿ׳ĸ׸ʢԼĻƤӶûֻ̧ǽĿԼĶӣת֪Щʲô
ǿ׳һЦŸߺЦ󲮣߼ӵܵĲƲڼģ仰˵ģϵ⣬õģڳô߼ҵСǴմˣҲŵġ
㡭
ߺȻɫָŸǿ׳˵
ôѵ󲮲Ը⣿ǴûнԼ߼ҵӵܣԲԸ⽫µĲƲǿ׳ƣøߺƿԡ
ʯͷԼĽţǰʲô˼ȴˡ
ʢĿ죬ԼĶӣһλǿ׳ǱһһǰǷ竲һǣǿ׳ʱâ¶һѾĥºõı޼ɵͷԼķâ
ǿ׳ͳ˵𣿡һվ˳ָŸǿ׳˵ǱˣǸߺΨһĶӸǿ
Լ֣ǿǺܿģһʱһժ¥Ĵ¥⣬Լֻ椺¡
Ŀ˸ǿһۣǿ׳һٶ˶סˡ
һƳڸǿϣõ˼Ȼһƽ˵˵Ӧóƺһ磬ֱҵ֣ǶҲһڰ󲮽̵㣬Ժٷִ󣬻˵ûܻǸ߼ҵ
㡭
ǿֱ£һҪ
ˡ
һվ˳ЩȥˣһǿһͣסԼĶ
ʢһ֪̾鷳ˣ壬ڸ߼ҵĵλܺãӣǶԸǿ׳ˡ
幫кμ̣ܵԱԼĿֻǿ׳ȴƽֱߣûһ˼
߶Ÿǿ׳Щ䣬˵ǿ׳ˣ˵ƿԣϳִˣҵ֪˭ӣ
ǿ׳³һ֡
˵ûиܵһѹԡ
Ȼ˵ھ˵ȲΪТŹõܣΪ壬ᣬǲңҾԼϵݣ㿪߼ҡһ仰øʢȻɫ
壬ӵΪصĴ˭Ҳû뵽߾Ȼ˵ôһǣϵ˵ʢܷԡ
߼ҵһȺը˹ֱ鶼Уֻ¶żɫ󲿷˿ǿ׳гֻϸ¶һɿɫ
Ψһñ壬ǾĻˡ
㲻ҡǿ׳Ҳһɫָƽ˵һ˶Ļ
ѾǷˣǹԿϡ
ƾ㣿Цȴ̺һɶ˵ı䡣
ôһ˸ϣȻʢô
ҡҡͷǿ׳ƽ˵ҽżҡ
˻һ߼ϱȫɫ


58 ֵ
ѾʰŷԳԺȺȡ˻εĸоһ¥ôΪŷĶˡ
ŷ磬ôΣݺݵһ¶ֱۣԷһҽУȴе㲻š
һɵͷϣһŭɫʵ۲
ۡɴ˵
ǾͶˣ϶ΡԼ۵ֱۣһ
ղŴˡǷӦˣС۾һУĶŶ档
㻹ءߣӣ¶ͮͮһƬ
ɫһ䣬һƴˡ
޳ܣȴҵġ
ֳһţ㽫ˣŵùŷ·Ͻסûгӵı硣
ˣˣ˵ŷ翪ڵЦֵֹס˶
ɺͶһۣͻȻͬ˵˵ˣ粻ͬ⡣
ŷһƣԼû˵ʲôء
ӵĿ˹ŷһۣЦС˼Ϊǲ²أҪֵܰƵһ˦ƹھ͸㣬ûš
ŷͲҪˣѧôãҲŲ뱻¾ҪõĴѧʱ⡣·һȻ˵һǷϵϢһ𣬾Ȼֱ
ֻжûб̬ˣ˽ĿⶼͶ˶ϡ
ЩľګЦЦҪھܾʱ򣬰ȴˣղſڵǸӭС˽ƿƣСĵķ棬Ȼ˳ȥ
ҪܾĶ棬ͻȻ֮һ仰˵ˣⲻźۼĿһ⣬ɫ΢ԥһ¡
ĶŷЦˣ˵ĳԸƹժ¥ժ¥Աѡ֣ʱ㷢ʲô칫飬ҲȻ顣
죬ǴˣȻ׹ŷ˼ӭиоһһϲ
ڱĴѧʱϲŮ֮ѡ񣬶ЩΪˣɫ粻ʱ䣬Ž滺ˡ˵ע£ҧ˵ŷ磬쵰ɹˣ̯ӣҰܡ
ŷЦڽ˦ȥˡҪժ¥Ҳϲķˣǲŷϲڶõġ
ҲǹŷΪ֮ʽ֮պעƽŷӣ˾Բ٣ͨȻǲܳЩġ
ԣŷֻ˱òͨժ¥ĵһԲһҪֵܣΪˡ
˲ɵӣ෴ǻǳ˶ܸܵŷһЩ뷨ҲԼĿ
ûǸ˸ԸƽҲһֻǻۣԶԶ޷ᣬЩϺ깴ĶǣԲŻܾ
ڶ棬ϲ˼ҹˣҲһѡ񣬱Ͼǲǹŷ磬һ졣
˵뷨ŷЦЦûж˵ʲôֵܶһˣй֣Լ뷨ԤȻҪһЩ£·ϡ
߳ƣ˱ҪһΪ
ֵܣҹŷһ˵顣ŷЦ
ͬУȻʶʱ䲻ȴĸεգһʱ䣬ķ˺ܶ顣
ֵܣһӣϲ顣ɴ顣
á
˴һƿһƿľƱͽȻȹ⣬ֱŷڵ˶֮һʢǽ
ڶŷʱһʦеתֻҪŷǩ֮ժ¥ĳΪˡ
ǩԼ֣ŷ翴һۻڰɳϺ˯ֵǣһ仰úõչǣеˡ
ŷûеˣΪ顣
ãӭıǽСŵǸŮԱǹŷ֮һ£¶һĨЦݵˣһҪʲôҩ˵ˣֻҪҪҩʲôҩֱӸץͿˡ
ŷһ㶣ЦЦʵأ
ȥȥˣҪܻ£Сգ۾ʵ
ԹŷۺܸߣҲӰ˵Աǵ̬ȡ
⵹ǣֻץζҩΪһβ㰴ӸץҩɡЦҡҡͷŷݹȥһֽ
һҩʹ׼СŻǱһвжҩķԸСſĻΪŷץҩΪ˺ˣҪβ˵ġ
СŻЦ˵Եһ£һͺá˵㿪ʼæµŷץҩ
ãҩץˣһıװţŷ縶Ǯ뿪á߳ſڣŷһȻԥһȥ
飡
һǹ죬һӵӹŷովĵط˹ȥüʱԲù
ǿ߿ӵҪǿΪܹסӵһߣȻûǷʵ
ŷĿɭȻţһſŵӵĶ˹ȻƵûһ㴭Ϣʱ
Էһ֣ŷ˶ֻۣӸӱˡ


59 ɱ
·ϵ˷һУ˭Ҳû뵽컯֮¾Ȼ˿ǹ˶ͷҴܣԼ۾ӵϡ
˹ŷᣬ£˦˶ԷľһתԼԶһ¥һ׹⡣
ŷЦһ¥˹ȥ
ڴ¥ɱҲŷӰĶɫʱһ䣬ѻǹóһǹڴ¥һ䣬ȴŷĵ
ʱ¥ֻáһʧУ˭Ҳ֪ɱǹȻܺãҲǱͨ΢ǿһ㣬ȻԼǺ͹ŷˣԲʲôý
¥űƿɱǹָֻҪŷҳĽһǹ
ɱɱҲв٣ȴڽ֣һ˿ңһرп
һӰͻȻ˳ɱһȴûп۶
ͷȫ亹ĺӰʱɱһһɫֽӣȻǹŷӳջǹġ
Ȼжȷɱֶͷϵ亹ˣֲ֪һçײ֮һε̽ܿ
ȫעעӳڣͻȻɱֵ彩סˡ
һֻĴץסĲӣ¶ŵɫĿʲôʱܵġ
ֻ⣬Զûа취Ūˣһ죬ɱֵĲӱŤϣŷֽʬӴ¥ȥ
Ҳҵˣղǹһ죬ֵϵ˼̵ʱˡ
֣Ȼɱɱ֣ˣҪɱͨɱֵķʽһ鷳Ҫʱ
һҶ֣μҡҡĻ߼ҡ־־Ҳпܣ쵰ôôҡԼһһһ飬ŷԼ̲סˡ
׺ûжãĳȴ٣ҶȨƣ˵ÿһ˶ɡ
ˣһɱһҪҲ鵽˭֡ŷ簵һеͷ׵Ժһҩö֮뿪˴¥
Ҫٻѩβأʱﵢ
뿪ã˹ӵǣѾˤĲεɱʬ֮ɫЩס
ܶоҲһȻʬ壬ˤУ˼һ̯ȴټ
鵽ô𣿡ǱͷߵһСʵ
׺гǹһ飬ǴоֶҪܵǣ
С쿴һۣɫЩԥ
üͷü˵˵
С֪˾ƢϽ˵¼ʾ͹ŷйϵȥҪǹɱŷ磬ŷϮ嵽¥Ķ㣬Ͳ֪ˣ¥ûмء
ֺ͹ŷйϵɫЩ죬һȥɱ֣ʵʲôݣ
ղ˳ǹɱִĬԳǹǹ̾ͨҪȴû뵽ȻˡС̾һһ㣬ù̾ǶΪļһ
˵ͷǳ˼һᣬһý幫ɱִĬڰ׺Ҫɱˣȴʱ֣뾯ĲУĬˤ´¥
˵ǣȫŷժȥˣĬһǣ
СȻǵ˼⣬ŷǱ÷飬Ӽû˲֪ȻҪԼı÷
׺еһҫֶյϢɫÿ
ҫ˵СôãȻþ˴ĬȻԴĬǹɡϤҫ϶ᷢҫʱǰ仯ܴ󣬼ǻһ
Ŀҫһۣı仯Уȴû˵Щʲô
˼һᣬβͻȻЦΪǾĹʲôʱ򾯲ôˣ̾ץסһᱻ׺еһȺСŪ
һҫԼĶ壬ϴһĨɲʵ壬˼ǣ
ĬǱŷɱģڹڸһ࣬ŷСӲ򵥣ǲɴ⡣ɫص˵
γУŷ׵Ļ⣬оһ˿ľŷԲһˣЩԥ֪òü
ֻ뵽Լܵĳ裬ץĳ嶯˼˲٣Ц˵ҾͲͷۣһĬɱʮĬ֣ҾͲһҰСӻܷ˲ɡ
һҪŪ쵰۸ʲôۡҫɫ䣬һ˫гԹ


60 
ŷٻѩıǰʱȴſڵıڣüͷ΢΢һ£Լ䣬ִ
߽վһˣȫ⼸ѹȻȴӲԷǯơ
Լӣһ꣬һŭ⡣
ƣҪΪŭʵ
ƵһĮȻһ˫Ӷϣûһ˿顣Ļ국˵ֻǷ¡
£˵ǺΪǹ¶ĸǺҵЦһĨ
һ⣬국˵ûΪ˼ֻǻȥֻﲻԸ⣬ֻǿƵֶˡ
ƣҪǸǿƴϰ壬Ĳݡŭһͷŭʨӣɱɢľ
һɱȻסȴ˿û˰֣˲С
ǼʮѣΪԼͺҽаˣҺƵУǲһȺϣֿɱƵһ¶Ц֪һȺ˵Ĵڣȴη塣
ҺһҲһ䣬ÿһ˷涼Ƹ֣ȻǰһȺĻ񶼼ɵıȴôϡ
һȺŭȴֲֿȣͲ̫ˣóĶǹеǹе֣ԲڵĹ⾰
һĻ֪޷أȻҪźȥûֹܹ
̫ǿˣȫָ֣ģҳǿĴڡ
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ͱˣҵϱȻҪסںңҲΪãǳʲôҵÿʱͲôˡȴһ־棬Ҫ񳹵׷ֿ˼
ٻѩҧݺݵĶźƣݺݺݵĥţҪҧһ
Ȼȴ׻ص˺ζʲôᱻϺҵļպһвǿƸ߹ȴ
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ٻѩС¶ЦݣѾ˭ˡ¸ֱ˹ȥһѱס˵ȣСһı˵Ŵ磬أ۸Сºͽ衣
СһǼ׵һ޵ŷѵĻСһһĥӡֻҪŷˣ϶ܹȳԼġ
ȫ¶ϲɫȻûк͹ŷ綯֣Ƕʵȴ²⣬ԷһԶԶԼ˵ǿߡ
һѱС£ŷϴЦݣ˵ͷȻƣüͷ˵ֵܣв
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۾ƶŹŷ磬ʵ˵вҵʲô
·£ŷָͷ쳣ţȻ˵⣬Բм
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̲סЦ˳ŷһﻹܶ㣬ص飬֪ͻȻ˲١
һȺѹŵıѾЦˣ޼ɵЦúƱɫȻûи״ԲмһʲôĲЩ˵ı֣Ȼʲôö
źƵһȺУһʵǿȥˣ̲סѵүԲء
˻һƱŭѹûǸ롣С򵽣˳˳ˮг󣬴û˸
ݺݵĵԼһۣɫһ䣬һŷϳ˹ȥ
ŷЦҲ֣һƳ˳ȥٶȸ죬úƶûзӦ
ž
һİסˣоһʹ˷˳ȥڲԶǽϡ
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һߣֻһ֮ϵĴڣܹӦһ㷴ضûС
㵽˭˴򣬺Ʒ侲ɭȻĶŹŷ磬ɱ
ŷشһ֡
ʲô֣˦˦ײЩԴɫɻ
Ǹĵѵүء
ס졣ŭغϻġ
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ʱͻȻһ˿Σյĸоŷԥһȭ
һ߲֪ʲôʱһŷĹϢһ㡣
ֻȴû뵽ŷĸоȻôڵһʱоĳ֣ߵ¶һĨЦһ󱲶ѣһһ֣ΣԲĶ֡


61 
ֻһӿһĨ죬˺ʮסΡɫȻŵĶŹŷ磬ڿһһ
ŷ΢΢ζȴûеһɫдһĨͷŭ
һ󱲻ˣԼռ͵Ϯ֮ҪǴȥͶˡٴγ֣ҲҪһһЩӡ
ֻ߸붯һͻȻ֣һ£òԨǰֹסŲ
ŷЦʧɫضˣһ֣Ϊ쳣ֲ̽ŵס
ӣÿҪɱСӡŭֻ˭ܿЩɫ󣬶Ȼǳɵ
ûߵĻӵ꣬Źŷ絭˵£ÿ
˵أŷЦɫƽǱһɢžâ

ӵ˵ȴһľɱ⡣
Ļһ˵ЦˣҲЦˡʱǵŷᷴˣӾԻɱ
ŷҲЦˣֻЦĺ䡣
һ̣ˣһһ㣬ӡ
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ƺ߱ɫŵĶŹŷ磬꾹Ȼô
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ƺһԭѹեǱܵȻ֪ܶ߶طһ˲䱬ƽʱʵֻĴҲǾ޴ģĶҪΪˡ
ǡŷҲƽһûнǸ⣬һۺƣŷƽ˵ҲҪ㣬ֻ㣬붯ֵĻƨүһĻҪ졣
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ɫһںƵǰ棬ŭСӣҼҴүǺҼ̳ˣǸ˺ҾԻὫʮ御𡣡
вңŷζ˵ʮ壬˻˵˵һңһٸҼһҲ
߲֪ԼѾֳЦЦвСӣҵǿܹġ
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ɫͻȻߵŭҵĺ̳ĺӣȻҪɱңı֮λడ
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ѵһȦףĻ⽫ϢңΪҹȻɱǸҰֻü֮λǺƣǸơתͷĻ֪Ƶ뷨϶ᣬֻҵ˸Լһ
ЦĻǽĿͶ˺ӵϣɫƽ˵ӣǸˣԴ𣿡
һ˿ӵһĨЦӲΥ
һȥǸ϶ӽԺ󣬺ͺûκǣٸƻҵһȫһĨȻ񵭵˵һ·һУ˷һı仯
񣬺ƺߵɫȴ쳣ѿ
һۣһĨ˵֪ǵ⣬µĹ˾ҿȷĸ㣬ԼĶ˭ҲߣǸǸϼһµĹ˾ǲƲͱ
һ̣ıԻع飬һҵ棬߳ƵŮǿˣһ˾ģ˵սľ
һŮˣȴѹúƼ˶̧ùŷ羪ȣдһĨ͡ü˵ľŮ˰ɡ
̾һ૵˵һڻǷˡ̾һ˳ȥ
ôһߣƺɫ䣬ʲôҲҶ˵ֱ׷ȥ
ѺסȫǵļˣһĻʱϽɿǣ˳ȥ
˲е˶߹ˣֻһڱ͹ŷǡȻ̾һɳ档
ȲѣĲ뿪ңں˵Ϣ
ϰ壬÷µģʼҪ£ǺˣҲˣȺʺϰ塣ȫͻȻڣͬʱһ۹ŷ硣
Ҷ˼ͻȻɫһ죬Ȼû˵磬˵ʲôأСҿ㹤ʡ
ȫٺһЦû˵ֻһȺ˳ȥ֮ǰŷһùŷЦá


62 Сһ˼
˶뿪֮󣬹ŷһƨɳ棬ڴŴɫףһѪɫûУ쳣
СôˣһϽʵ
ٻѩҲĵŹŷ磬ϴŽɫ
˰֣ŷЦûʲôղǸ˻ҲǶ֡
Ǻҵؼλһĳϣ˵ʲôǿߣ쳣ͣŷ¶һȻ˵ӡ
ȻһĶߣҲôݵĵסһֻоǿ߲ܹɵ
ҹŷԿ϶ǣӾûжȫղź˵˵Ŀġ
뵽ŷ̲סʵ㣬Ǹ˺Ϥ
ɫ΢΢һ˵ͷ
û˵ȴҰְֵ֣ȻպȴǺҵˣΪҰְֵԭŽҵģϧҰְ֮󣬺ǱһһҲˡ
ŷ벻лôһϵµĸ׾ȻѾˡ
һ񣬹ŷĴпһĨˣ̾һп϶бĹ£ֻóȻȥѯʣŮˣб˺ܶණ
ԺŴ籣㣬Ͳᱻ۸ˡµԴŷЦ˵
Сһ۾һʵģ
Ȼŷ籣֤
Ҳͽ𣿲û۸ǡСһ۾ģŹŷһΡ
ٻѩɫЩ죬֪ΪʲôȴûֹСһ⣬
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Сһ¶ЦݣȻһתͻȻ˵壬㶼㣬Ҳܺ磬ǲˣԺҾͺɣ㣬ҲҪ塣
Сһһı飬һСˣൽ˼㡣
ٻѩ㶵ĵ˵ͷԼܵܣ֪Сһʲô
һͻȻСһ˼ˣЦãһСһԴϣû˵Сӣʲôأ
ԼԴСһԼ裬Ƥ˵裬˵ʲôأ

Ȼ֪⻰˵Ҫ˵Ҳˡ
ԼСĶӣҲЩˣûпСһﻹһ棬ڹŷ֮ǰСһֱܹɣ⻹ǵһ¶龫ֵһ档
ŷ㲻Ҫ룬Сһе㲻Щ˼˵˵ͺˣⲻ
С˵ʲôŷһãӣһŷûпСһͼתƻ⡣
ȻһЦûʲôСŽ㻹ܸСѩβ𣿡
û⣬ҴЩҩȰǼҪСʱңڼָȵҩˣҸСѩơŷԸʹط˺ֻе޴ҪϢ
ãС´ȥϢԸȻ֣صĽҩ˹
´ŹŷȥϢȥҩֻͻȻӿһɲõԤУԼӣֻʲôСɡ
ŷ½һ䣬˱ǵζȴӹףܰ㣬˾һ
壬ϢɣСʱ㡣һЦ뿪˷䡣
ŷɫЩ죬һŮ˵ķ䣬ൽ˳Ⱦ
ķɣСӵʲôѵҪҺýҸòýءŷԺ߰ţȻǱܹСһС˼ܣЩڴ
ٸ˭ܾŷҲһ䲻ǲܹ࣬פյŮഺפõ⡣
뵽ŷٺһЦа뵽˳ȻɣܹŮ飬Ҳһ¡
ЩͷнÿȻʼָ
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ãͻȻ¶һĨѵЦݣȻƮȻȥ
ú𶯣Ʊؼɱͬʱҡ
һ˵Ϣŭֳ׺С
һʱ䣬ӿĶ
ܣΪģֻЩˡʱĺվһöˣĿԶշһ̾Ϣһ뿪˴¥


63 
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οأ̾Ϣһþ
Сʱ֮󣬹ŷӷгһܰ㴫ı棬ɫһ㶣һ˫ӶµϣСһһ
壬Ҫ۸ҡСһﱧŹŷĴȣһӡ
ôأôãô۸Сأ㻹ءŷЦ˵һСһСӡ
գգ۾СһЦ˵һ仰ȻôãͰȢ˰ɡ
ȿȡŷ㱻ԼһڿˮǺסԼ͹ǿˣû뵽Сһǿ
˺졣ڲܵˣ̲סһ
ͨ죬ҪȥץСһ
ŷһ㣬˰ɣͯ޼ɣСѩҩûУãһĻҩͲˡ
ŷĻһϽͣסȻ˵ͷҩѾˣھͶ
߽һҩ
ٻѩһߣһУɫЩţĥԼôĲܲͿһˡ
һ̵ҩŷУҩʱȻŷ罫ҩݸٻѩ
СѩȰҩˣһģΣĲͿˡŷĲ˵ڵõ뷨֮ǰԲ˵ĻٻѩಡҪʮϵģȴһˣãξܳκ
˵ͷٻѩһҩȫȥҩȻ࣬ȴ˿ѺȣֻҪκϵĲͬһһʲôԸ⡣
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ٻѩĻƽɳϡ
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һһ̹ŷϢˣ˱һѷâ¶ıɢһְţһ·ֻصףĤݵĳ嶯
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һϢһϢٻѩڡϢڵȱݣϢ޸һЩʡ
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òסΣŷһԹ񣬲һ𣿴㲻ڰɡ
·˹ŷݺݵĵһۣɫЩŭ
кٺһЦŷҲ˵ʲôֱɳ棬ʼָġ
һʱ֮䣬û˵ֻСһڹŷԼ֮Ĵתŭѡ
ʮӺٻѩ۾վɫ쳣еһһɵĸо岻ٳأһһ㡣
мŹŷ磬ٻѩ֪һжԼġ
뿪ڸмŷȴͼЦ˵мĻ˵ˣһŴ磬Ѿ㹻ˡ
Сһڣһѵǹ壬Ǵ磬Ҫˡ
Ĵһ£Ҫ̫֡
ԼС죬Թ˵ֹ塣
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лл㣬塣ٻѩЦˣЦһʹһ
ֻ۾ȴһĨ޷ĸӣû˿õ
ȿȣˡһŷһߵӣü˴Ц
Ҫ￴˹ŷı֣϶䲻ҪƤȳǽļһҲ죬ֱЦ


64 ɣ
ٻѩƣҪϢŷҲ΢ָһ뿪ҡصѧУſڣѽǰˣŷҪȥҽٻȴԼ˶ˡ
üͷһ壬ֱתˡ
һߣƾˣԣڹŷϣɱȻ
һǿߣҲ⡣
ŷ΢߶֣ԷƾˣȻϣѪ㣬˫֮侫䣬޴ѹ
һ֣뵽ŷҪֱߵĳ嶯
˵ķأȫʢʱڣʹȫҲǶԷ֡
ŷӣȻͼһЦŷƶӴŷ磬ûκĻᣬһҪԵľߵһ
뵽ŷܵĴ㣬ĬطҪˮһսĶֶΣҲһ
ȫȴûӰ쵽ˣпţŷɫЩף֮Ĳ̫ˣûпɱԡ
ŷһΣһϢǱȥҪӽߵ塣
ʱͻȻˣһֻһǵϢס顣
ùŷ絹һֶɫζֵ׾쵽صַͶ˳ȥȻǱ߷ˡ
ߣ߶ĸ֣ŷ¶һĨЦ
ҽżңôĲһ翹ĵԼ𣿡¶һĨ߿ŷг
ŷɫ䣬˵ͬһ磬ɱܰһ仰ȴҲɡ
֪֮Ȼ׹ŷ˵ʵһͬΪǹżҵĹŽδơ
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㵽˭Ϊʲôɱңŷʵǲˡ
߷߷ߵĿ˹ŷһ̶ۣϴһĨЦǹżҵûһöϷ۸ҵӣΪû˸Ҷ𣿡
ʲôʲôʱ۸ˣŷ緭˸˵
ӲǶС
ߵĻû˵꣬㱻ŷˣ˵ȻӲǶͻͿ϶ҵģҷǻãߴᣬӲǶҲ࣬ҹż۸ʲôɥˡ
ŷĻܲߵֱ޳ܵĵûмô޳ܵģʹҪֵĳ嶯ˣʯ١
ȿȡ
ֳ龰ЩţϽһ֡Ŀⶼ˹Ц˵п϶ʲôᣬǰݣҲ³飬Ҳ֪һǹżˣǻɣϯСλǰãν֮ϣǰڻͻЩ³ˡ
ŷһԼµߵݣȻٻζĻͻȻŷ¶һĨɫаôɰɡ
ʲôʲôʸңǵӱ˰㣬ʲôԵúֻܰȴһĨȻ
ǵԭҲһֱͣھ磬ڻûнһƬء
ûʲô˲ģҲ֪ҽʥŵϼŷһ߿òˬֲµߵݣӲ


65 үү
ҽʥ߾һ£һۣЦΪͷӺúŪʮҽʥˣֱǹżһˣҲ̫Сҽʥ˰ɡ
˵Цżҵ˾ϲԼһҽʥǰӳȥ
ŷ翴һǰӣǲֺľͷɵģʱͶأϼһȻˣڻǺѽⶼܳȥ
˵Щƣ´ԼһҲûоԼﲻҽʥģߵĻŪҲЩƣҪǻԹȴ߱ӵز
뵽ҲԥֱӴӻͳһɫƣдžȿҽʥĸ֣ɢһְϢһϵݡ
ɵסˣǰҽʥҽʥû˸٣ᱻ׷ɱΪ˶ҽкܶˣҽ˫ޣ쳣ֲ
ǿֺܸߣҪ߳һһλҽʥ飬ȴ̲סηĵ𾴡
ҽʥˣԵĵ¸أдȱܹƺţҽﵽ˾ܻõġҾȿҽʥ˼ͨжΪ
վǿЦ֪Ǿȿҽʥ֮ȿҽʥ˴ҪϺͿƽϡ
ҲֻһʱЩǿ̬ȣʱʲôҲˡЦ˵ǰˣ˭ֱ֪ˬ̹ʲô˵ʲôȴһ˾ӣұģ
ŷһЩ鴤ϻ᲻ᰡﴵˡ
˹ŷһۣǿƲƲ˵쿴ҽʥ˵ķϣһԺҪҿ㡣
㿴ôͷӲ˵㣬ӮүүҲӮңָµʱ䣬ʱǱһ˭ŷЦ˵һƵɫ
ż۲䣬ͷҪúõĴһ档
˭˵ӮôϻҪңͽȢˡǿǱβ͵èһָŹŷŭ
Ҳһֱ£б㰵үүȥб㽫ȢȥĻͱһҲӶˡŷ粻ɽ쳣򶨣˵Ļȴǿɫͨ죬ѪڣҪѪĳ嶯
ǿǹŷүүУŷѾ³ˣȻǸҪϼһ쳣޸Уǰŷ绹Ҫάһµġ
㡣ǿŭҪȴһסˡ
˹ŷһۣοүȥôˣôأһʲô
ǿŴߺߵ˵㲻֪СӺүү꼸һУҿҪѵһܾò
մŷһƲƲ죬ǿһۡ
ǿٴվŷȴúĥߴվֱ뿪ֻһ׸ǿ
Ȼǿͨ죬Ҳûа취û˺ŷĻġ
߳꣬ŷһ绰绰Ǳߺܿ˽ˡ
㣬үүǲǽǿŷһ䡣
Ǳһ£֪ŷôʶԼүү˵ͷشǰô֪ģ
ϻ׺ˣ¥Էڰ׺ѧǰһ£ȹˡ˵ŷ˵绰
Щ㶣ŷôʶԼүүģǿλãһɻѣүү׺Уȴװ֪
Ͻʰһ¶񿪳͸׺ѧ
ŷ߽׺ѧУŵʱ춼ѾЩˣʵĵƹУ԰Ե쳣гܰ
ŷ緢֣ѧУܶ˽ĿͶϣСгݣҲбģмʣҲĽЩͷ
ǹŷ𣿡һӵŮڹŷתȥĿһ쳣СŮһɫ·̷Եͬһ͸
ŷ˹Ů˵ҽҺܳŷܸǩ𣿡
Ϻףŷɴ۾ԼֲǣԼҪʲôǩ
ŷһӣŮܺĵΪԭ򣺡ŷͬѧ㲻֪ѾΪѧУöżһս˴ţɵӶôˣȴȻȥˣֱ̫˧ˣǺö˳ˣǾΪķ˿Ȼ㵽ķǣȻͦ㡣
ŷڳ鴤ǿ佱ɵӶȴˣѾǱɵӸɵ


66 С
ʵҿ϶ӮġŷΪԼҪ۵ƥ򣬶Ǹʵ
Բţ̾һοŷŷͬѧ̫ѹӾУҲûʲô˵ġ
ΪҪ䣬ŷɫˣû˵˵һӮһιŷЩߣһȻĿŷ磬һӡ
һۣŷ߹ȥԸƷѾͷˡ
ŷͬѧ˲£ֻҪ¸ԡ
ĺùŷһ򣬲һˤڵϡ
ӵŵ·ˣ˴Ŷǻ
ŷҪĻѪɣѾͷôͷ׼ء
صᣬֻڣȴ֪ȥˡŷҲܲµ϶Ǹոսժ¥ϤǱߵ
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ŷ֪Ǻ̫ˣڶŻôήҡ
ȥŪŷ飬ȴ⵽˵İۣ״̬ٺȥֱӽҽԺˡ
ٺһЦŷ˵ƣ˸Լϣʼ˯
ڶȥϿΣֻ·ѧǿŷ۾ȴŸùŷЩķ
ԼŮʦ֮󣬹ŷɫÿ٣ֱĶŽٻת֪Щʲô
ٻϴһĨΣʱİ׹ŷһۣڿϹȻüȥѧĽʺޡ
ΪʲôûŮʦϲңЩ˵
ǵԣ±Ӱɣһеܡ·ڣɡ
ȻˣҿǼ˻񣬼ֱҪһСϽжɣ˻ǲɶõļƷɵ˵ᵽ˻֣ĺһ£θЩ
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뵽·ɫ࣬һ˳
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ȫžȻһݵĶŹŷ磬ף޳ܡ
һתٻȻԼС˵˼ЦЦںڰдĿȻЦ˵ɣ·壬ˣĻȥѴ𰸳һٱ顣
·建վһԹĶŹŷ磬㲻ڰɣǿһЦڽֵ
ڰǰһֱī¿Σ˻ûĿǲ֪ǣǽٻʹĿѹûнӴ
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һС£ۣȴ֪ʳýŮ۾ﶼðˡ
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ĪС±ҲܲˬȵĻ֮ȴֱˡ
ɵʲô˵СţĪС¿ɲԸһĵˣͱŮ˷Լİˡ
뵽ĪСɫƽ˵ŷҲûʲôϵʲô
ŰôûйϵŶ֪ˣС϶ǳԴˣģҿ϶ѵǸСĵġΪʲôû˵СΪڽУСλԼ˭Ҳȥ
ĪС¿Цãһסȣû˵㲻Ҫ֣Ǻ͹ŷ֮䱾ûʲôһ㣬ֻǰæѣ֮䲢¹ϵ
ĪСڵѽȣȴָоԼ仰ҲҲȰԼģֻв̫Ըϰˡ
ϲŷ簡ȵɴ۾Сź˵
ֵĪС³ԾˣȾȻϲϹŷˡ
֪ΪʲôһĸоʲôİĶһɫЩÿ
С£ŵλģ˭ߡȾɻᣬĪСһΣѾͷôء
ûоȥȴб˹ȥ
һһװĵ꣬һõ廨Ӣͯеһٻߡ
һģŽٻԵ˵ٻٻֻĻ䣬գҴ׺еĻʮһõ廨ϣܹϲ
澲˶ĿͶ򣬴֪кϷˡ


67 
ŷ类ӵĺܳףԷǸûпһùŷɫЩˡ
飬ٻȴǽüͷĵĿһ۹ŷ磬ٻ˵ԲƣѾˣԻԺҪˡ
ܸɴľܾɫʱŽĿͶŷϡ
һĨ̵ЦݣƵ˵뿪ٻҸʮ򡣡һ͵ӣòԶĪСºͽӶɳˡ
һûи״֪Լں˭˵𣿡Сͷ˵
ҪùˣŷСƢһﲻùĪСһĲı飬ƹŷ粻쭲ء
ŷ絹ûз쭣ֻҡҡͷʮɲôƯһŮˣ㲻ʮ𣿡

ʳ滩Ȼ˶ԹŷͶԱӵһﾹȻҪŮУһ棬ֱ̫޳ˡ
Ҫ٣һ㶣Щĵʵ
һ£ŷſڵٻ޼۵ģҲܶ࣬һӣƻòڣɡ
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뵽Ҫǰǿסǹɳ嶯ӻóһпݸŷˣȥɣȻϽҹ
ŷ˵ͷˡ
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ĪСȴһȻ˵ûô򵥣Ҹұ֤ǸʲôǳԶˣŷһһӻˮ϶ʲôء
¶ݵɫһ§סĪС£Ц˵ȻΪŷĴţ˽⡣
ĪСŭ˺졣
߸߹ŷ磬ŵõ廨ݸһƽĽٻһ˵ٻٻղǸ˸䲻㣬򣬾ѡ뿪㣬ֵ㰮ֻҶãҵŮѰɡ
һ飬ϸૣһǷϵӣڿİ顣
һۣٻЦˣЦЩ
һЩЩʵôˣ
׳աٻ촽е³֣˶סˡѧУʦǵУٻһֱǱŮ񣬼ʹʦȻûдơˣѧУѧʦǶǵһ
˵ʲôЩŵʵΪԼˡǰٻȻܾǺòģûдӽٻĿֻ
ҵŮ˵һ׳աʱһһĨɫһ䡣
ĶȥĹŷ磬㲻Ǯ뿪ѵ㲻سŵ
ŷһӣһܵʦǣȻһ޹ʵ˵뿪ٻûУ
ֳһƬžʱ˶عζˣȻŷе뿪˵뿪ȫһ˼
ʱҪǲԼˣˣҲ̫ˡŭŭŹŷ֪˭
Ҳ֪˭Ҳʶľ͹ɣпģɣǮתˣһǮҲû㡣ŷܵ˵п˹ȥƿҲû
Ҫɱ㡣ƵͻȻһȭŷ˹ȥ
һϢϱùŷɫһƾȻҲһߣֻΪ̫ǳûе磬ȻˣҲһνڴܶˡ
ŷעģƵΪǳϵϢ
һ쳣ϢǴҩһܹԴ
аڣû뵽ǸɾȻе˼ŷаֹ϶ȴһƳ˳ȥƵϣɳȥݺݵҷ˼ӡ
ƲҽУоԴǱײһ죬ŷһˣʱƾɵҲ֪ԼһﲻĴ
ֻ֣߲ܹô׵Ļ
ӰͻȻ߽ʳãһ㶣¶ϲɫֱӺ񡢺ơʯڿȾңұ˴ˡ
Ȼʶǵģҹϵܲӡ
һĻٻ̲סЩˣһѧУ֪ȺܸߣҶ֪һȺӵɵģ˶ԿֱΪ
˭ģվƢ꣬һˣʱ̲סŭһ
ӣŷվ˳˵Ҵģѵ㻹Ϊ𲻳ɣ
ɫѿϼʶŷĿֲ֮󣬴ҲԸǹŷġ뵽˾ߵƵǰݺݵһȥﻹֹţ㵹ù˭ħġ
ƲҽţҪƣȴʯҲȻ֡
˵Ļı˶棬̶ƷΪ޴Ĳҽ


68 ǲ
ɵۣ˶ܿƺʶڼŷ֮ȴֱӺƶ֣һԥûС
˵ʲôɵӶףζŹŷƸֲ
ܶ˿ŷ񶼱ˣֲܺôŮϹϵһɹٻ׷֣ŷ϶ͷЩаţиԼԺԲǹŷ硣
˿ѧУİаԵȻУܲסκǡ˼ŷ磬ȴȫǱһˣԼѶ֣˵һС
ˣϷˣȥһҲСѾΪǸѣҲͲƽˡŷӣһν˵
ɫЩڨڨͬʱҲ쳣ԾǶѾΣȻŷ翴ˡ
뵽ŷϵǿ֣˺ݺݵĵһƣһ£ʱɵӣҲ֪Լ˵ﲻˡ
аԩŷϸûҴϢһͨˣ֪ԷôѵӣԹŷǼɵȻ
ʯΪأ˳Ц˵ҽҲֵ֪ˣҴˣҽ˲С˹Źֵһѡ
ǰСҲǻðҽ϶ĵģҽԭҲڣһ
Ȼˬŷ磬ǽȴףŷԲܹġҲһȭҽԭСӰɣȱۣ
ǰ˵ĻУȻԭ£ǶӣԼﲻǰǱҪͷġֻǺƵĻȴɫһڣȱۣбҪô
ŷ翴˵ڿ׳գЩա
ǵı飬ŷ絰۵˵ҸղŲ˵𣿲ƽˣһﻹʲô飬ֱŵۣȱۡ
ŷ˵꣬һЦĽٻ뿪ߵڷҡ
ȱۡͻȻЦ˳Цг˿⡣
ղ˵ǣʯͻȻתͷɭɭʵ
ͺҲһһҪ˵ı飬Ƶɫһ㶣ʱǰˣԼһ˾Դ򲻹ǡ
뵽޳ˣȱˡ
źƵһ˳˹ȥһٱᣬȻ̧뿪ǽӡһõģ˶񺮡
ˣˣСӽǳԴʲôҩˣôȥǸһһ˵طĸֱڲݵϣʯüͷʵ
˵ŷ磬ɫЩʹλѵı׹ŷﲻ𣬵Ҳյһ裬޷ͻ
˵һ飬͹ŷŮˣһﻹ
黹˰ɣԺ׼ǹŷ硣ʯڳ˼һ£Ȼ󿪿ڣ˵Ļһ㶡
ֱʯʵΪʲô
֪˭ΪһŮˣӴķΪУɱ˷ҵļ̳ˣԼܶù𣿡Ʋ죬Ȼˬŷ磬жԹŷȴ
۾һֱͻȻȵ˵Ǹˣȵδ򣬲ɱ˷ڵĹŷ硣

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Ƶһ¶ҵɫڹŷĶСҪɱڣɱ˷ҵһ֣ǿƵúܶ˼ɵѡ
ˣԺ󲻻ġƿЦ
ļܹ顣˶֮ӣСûܹʲôڱһͬѹˣȴ޷һسӣһ־޴Ĵֻ뵽ŷĿֲʵȴ־ȷġ
ңǼ˵ļǿĶˣŷȻﶼǣὫǷˡ
У԰Уŷ뽯ٻЯֶУȻԵá
ҸҲԽԽˡ
ŷ磬ı𣿡ٻͻȻʵڹŷ˴ŵ飬ȻҲ֪ˡ
ȻԹŷģϾǰ˸ͬ򣬾ţͨѾ˲ˣοǰֲͬĶ
һĨŵЦݣŷ絭˵һȺ߹òŵģֻҪúÿϹôľˡ
š
ŷĻýٻЦˣŷŵӣҲûһ㵣ġ
˲ûд೤ʱ䣬ٻֻУģȥһЩ顣ΪѧУĸУٻæµûǰˡ
ŷȴĳϲٻһƿԼıȻõᣬҪúõʩչԼĲܡ
һ¹ŷ磬ٻæ뿪ŷתһ
һô£ŮϺģЩ˼
ٱˣȴˣҲ湻˵ġ
ɬҲֻһʱ䣬ĪСװͰ͵˵ʲôûŮ𣿡
һӵӣԼ½ǣС˵ŷ磬㲻Ҫô˼˼һẦߵġ


69 ߳
ŷͷ˵ĸˣֻǲû˵ȴٻ뿪ҵǡֻʵĻû˵СӾͿˣһı顣
ûмŮǰûСŷٺ˵ĪСɫһڣΪһԼò쳣ŵŮ˵˷ò˵һܴĴ
˵仰ŷȣЦһȣǲҧģġ
һһ̣۾ɴˣΪŷͻȻסȻ׼Сֱȥ
ɵˣĪСҲɵˡ
ŷͷ˿ȵıݣȻĿнཻһĸоӿͷùŷЩѪȡ
Ҳףڲȵʱ򡣿ȵɫЩŷϽſȵС죬Ȼ
һϢ߳ͨ죬ɰСϺ޺޵ĶŹŷ磬ɬдһĨ˵ı飬Ҫŷһ
ǾôûˣýȼҪץŷȥ
ŷ翴ȵͼٺһЦֱһûӰˡ
޺޵Ķ˶ţȾͣ˵һ˼Ҵһֲ
ϾȻ¶һĨЦݣԼ۵С촽Ⱥٺ˵ζǽǵĸо𣿡
ĪСµ۾һԾı˵ȣ㲻ɵ˰ɣ
ĪСһۣЦ˵ɵأŷңһܲˣһҪСš
ۡ
ĪС¸оԼҪѪһִôôҷҪŷ統Сţ벻ˡ
ǼһʲôõģֱһåĪСû˵
һЦȿĪС£˵һЩ׵ĻΪû˽⵽ġ
סĪСҡͷ
Ժͻˡһ̣һߣһǻ۵ĪС£Цá
뿪֮󣬹ŷȥá
ڣǿȴѾȥˣùŷһ˭һǿߵţһֿҪеľǿߣ¶ɡ
СţôʱͷӣЦ˵ŷдһĨ͡
ҪǰҽϵһЩɻ󣬻ǰߴͽ̡ŷɫѵõ࣬һˣżһǣκŷܹͱǳ׽ĳˡ
ȻҲ֪ЩԵЩż˾أ˵ͷһҲ޼ⱾʹһҫȥĻľλҽʥĽ
С˵⻰ͼˣܹҽżҴ˽ҽ˵ҲкܴġҡͷЦ˽׼á
ʱһ˱̧˽һߣɫ԰ף΢ʱҪȥһ
򣬾㰡һɫ׳󺰵һ㣬õĿ
ŷ罫Ŀת˹ȥĸ󺺶ܿ࣬¡𣬳һֱըԵСһֻֻޣ˸׹⣬֮
Ҹ֣Ƕߣŷһۿĸ󺺵ĵϸȻλҸ֡
ڼߣߺܳǸȴ٣дﵽģһֱλߣȻǸߵݺǲƽ
أû˳һŭһûС
ŷɫһǾȿҽʥĵط󺺵ΪȻǶء뵽ŷЦֻǲԸβȥ
ԷţӰԵһ㶼ֱ˹
ҩǽкãȺŵҲܿߣֻǿԷͷ̫󣬲ҿڶѡ
ڼŷͷˣȻ͡
˵ʲôСǰڵĴŭŷŲڴש̾͵ĵ棬שȫˡ
һĻ˵˶ͣ¶ȻɫǵǵǰһĻдвá
һαһܹסġ
ߵǰһ״Ȼݺݵһȭ˳ȥ޴𶯵һ
ŷɫ䣬󺺵дһĨսǿǿǹżҴˣһ֮ͬΪôܻһҸ֡
ֻǹŷ֣ȴͣסˣΪߵˡ
һֻץס󺺵ȭͷûһͨ죬ȴ޷ǯơ֪Լ˸ˣǰͨһߣſֲΪĴ֡
뵽Ҳʹ죬Ȼֱӹʹ޵ǰȾҼʦ֮ǰԭ£ֻҪǰܾʦǰҪͷ­Ҳַϡ
ֿݺݵڵϿ˼ͷذ嶼ײˡѪӶͷ£˶ˡ
ſԴ󺺵ǯƣҡҡͷɣҴû˵ֻŪĵ棬Ҫ޺ˣҽҩҲһֶ١
ĸ󺺶ʱϲѣͷ
ֻҪǰĪԸҽԼʦǮǶԸ⡣
޲ȴûǰҽΣŷ磬Ц˵Сţһ׬ǮĻᣬҪҪ
ŷ翴һĸ󺺣ƲƲ죬˵ǮΪʲô׬Ǹͷӣδ׬ǮˣϼһＸҪˣ̫ѾȻô˵ȥ


70 ˵Ĵ
ĸ󺺾ɲĶŹŷ磬֪òÿǿɷǵȻȹŷ翿׶ˣһӵиҽҽߡ
ÿͷûʸǰ֣ǲĻһߴȥŷû˵
ǸͷĴһҧÿΡ
һҪ˵Щʲôڴ󺺵£ȴԹԵÿ·
ŷߵߣǰһ£Ȼ𾪵Уݺݵһȭȥ
ʲô󺺾ŭӣһŷˡ
ŷɫ䣬ȭ˲ȭԷĹײһ
ĸͬʱ˳ȥ䵽⡣һסˣŷڿһ
ͷĻǾͼ֣һȺ׳աŷ磬ĸ󺺣˲ˡ
ղһν֣ǸܵŷʵһԶǵǿߣԿ⡣ڹŷҽҲһģһǿߣȫûбҪƭǡ
һۣĸվһ仰˵ֻĿеĶߣɫ
ŷŽĿתߵϣٴһȭĶɫԽԽڣǱīˮȾһ㡣
һĻΧ˿ľսǴûпɫ̫ڿֲˡ
ֱھȭŷͻȻ߷ȻһġںѪ߿³ȳζҩ꣬˵üͷ̲סת˳ȥ
ŷûŵζһ߷£Էɫ԰ףϢ΢ˡ
óһ룬ŷɫأٵ룬һߵϱ룬ϰٸ
ŷɫЩ԰ף뷨ڶؽ뷨룬޸ܵ˺ķ˴
ʱһְֻڹŷļϣһɾ޴Ľڣ˲䲹
лǰŷͷҲûأȴѾ֪˭Լˡ
ջԼ֣û˵ߵдŵ𾪡ãҽʥֶΣŷ羹Ȼһ硣
Ȼŷ϶ҽʥֻ֮ҽʥ壬ֱС
ȻҲ㹻ˣҪ֪һЩҽҲûֶΡ
ʦôˣĸ󺺼æʵ
ˣ⹦ȴûһõϢţνˣܻͶһ漣ǽҾҲû೤ʱԻˣ׼°ɡŷ絭˵ĸ׳סˣǻϲŷĻȴһ㣬Դը졣
˵
һ׳ŭҪ֣ȴԼסŷʵԶ֮ϣһԼʦٶȻˡ
ûк˵ʦȷʵӣһСŽȻҲֻµһȫϾжϣҲǻߵ
ҽСҽλʦţҲᱨλĴ¡˵ٴι£˿ͷ
۸ղǶôţ¶ȴ˸жһ˿ꡣ
ŷɫ䣬û˵ȴĿŷ磬ûа취ˣţΪżҴˣŷһа취
Ҳǻ飬Ŀ⣬һͻȻתŷ磬ǺݺݵĿͷҽȾҼʦ
㵹ǻ飬ҲȣǾʦĴ̫ˣҸҲԸ⸶ŷ絭˵ȷʵа취ǳԼ˵̫ˣԸΪһİ˸
Ҫʲôۣҽ뿪ڣֻҪܹģһɡ󺺼ᶨ˵
Ŀ˴һۣŷ˵ҵһΪʮԪ
˻һԾɫˣֱӿڷ񶨵ԲУҪǳ⣬ͷӷǷ˲ɣʱ˵ǣҶ
΢֪ݵ֪ˣ϶ᾪҪ֪һҽʥǾеٮٮߣµˣǶôǿ
û˵ƽĶۣǷϣҲҶԷһİˡ
ˣɫг˱
磬ʦôˣʱһŷΪϤ𣬴ſڳһŮûп͸ʵ
ŷ翴ȥһЦȻһλˡԷŷҲһ£Ȼû뵽ŷ硣
ߵʱɫ䣬һѱסߣźʦɲأ
˶ǿЦãû˵Ϲ˵ʲôأʦûλҽʦ
ĻһԼؿ˵ûͺãûͺá
˶೤ʱˣ໹£Ҫˣ㻹Ǳ̫ˡùӣŷһ̲סڴ
żܾʦ֪ģȾɡһתͻȻܵŷǰһסĸ첲˦


71 ˫
Լú͹ŷʶһ˿ϣŷɫ̾һ֪ûпܡ
ŷȴ˵һ仰Ƕһ¡
ǿԾȣҪӦһŷ絭˵ĿͶϣɫˢһ±ˡ
ҲһŷЩơ
㣬ҪʲôЩţŹŷ磬ϲ֪ΪʲôһĨΣ˵Щˡ
ŷٺһЦû˵ֻǿĿӵˡжЩֹΪԼˣһĹżҴ˾Ȼһɫж
ֱķëŷջĿ⣬ٺһЦҪ˫ޣֻҪﵽߵľ磬Ҿܹκδۣͷ
˻һ˲Ȼɫ
ܡŭȻŷ⡣
СţҪе˰ɡЩɵ˵
ϾһŮӵ٣ޱģộΪ˾ҲС
ŷҡҡͷһֵ˵ˣҾ÷ǳð˫޵ĻܹͷҺѾͷʲôõĵط
жˣǲҪһŮҲ̫Ϊˡ
˿Լ񶼳ŷӣЩˬ˵Ƕʲô˵ʵѽ
Сţ˫޹Ȣλ𣿡ͻȻʵ
ŷɻˣü˵ΪʲôҪȢ˫Ӯ飬ռ˱˺òá
ʱֳֻ֣Ǿ޳ܡ
ŷЩˬˣȺһﶼʲôɫһˬ˵ȻǲԸ⣬Ǿˣûʲôʧ
ŷ⻰һ£һߣг
Ը⡣ҧԼ߳ɫޱ䡣Ҫ˵ЩʲôǿߣȴԼʲô˵
ʦɽ޷Լʦ
ҲԸ⡣ŷ緭˸ۣ˵Ļɵۣʼˡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣżҴԸͨˣ˵˭Ҳ֪һ̻ʲôľ
ŷˡ
ż˵ղŻŤأȴ̬ȴ䣬ŷ磬˶ɵۣһЩҩĿ˸ָָ㣬۷׷ס
üͷһ壬˵ǵ̸СǽЩ̧úչˡ
Ա̧һ䣬ŷá
һãһסŷ磬İŷ磬ˣҺ˫ޣʦɡ
ûȤŷ絭ҡͷȻһƲƲ˵ûʲôôҪ㣿
˶ˣƽ׵õһŮ⻹ûкôֱ̲ס˵ѵõҵ岻Ǻô𣿡
˵꣬͸ˣиɬ˼㡣˵ֻһδµŮô˵棬˵ֻôҲ᲻˼
ŷһ㶣¶Цõɫ˵С㣬ôЦòãֻ˵˫ޣûǸ˼ֻҪ˫־Ϳˡ
˻һʱȻЦˣߵҲЦˣֻȴˡ
ģǱߵģû뵽ԼȻ˹ŷ˼˵˳һŮӼôܵˣ޲һطȥ
˼ͻȻ۾һʵС˵ѵ˫ޣ̫Σˡ
ʲô˫ޣΪת˵עϽʵ
ԴϢУƿȨأϣΪͻͽһȱ㡣͵˵ȱʱͣһ¡
¶ѯʵɫڵ֮־ᶨпֱܻڵУɢؼ䡣
˻һ˶ɫ
ʧܵĸǶ٣Щŵʵ
ٷ֮ʮ
˻һɫһʦȴ
Сӣɹĸʻڰٷ֮ʮңǰӦ֪֮ɡŷͻȻڣ˫տտһɫһ
ף
һȻϸһ¶һȵɫȻ֮壬ҸղžȻˣ֮壬żط˵ٷ֮һٵİգٷ֮ʮҲУǿԳһ¡
ŷüëһЩˣǰ֪ҹżط
й֮Ե̸Ц˵
һŷ翴񳹵׵ıˣһĨء̸ܺģ˵׵֪ǵõϿɵģ˵ĳ
ŷݼ塣ŷͻȻһǰƺΪ壬ڼһ֣ȴȻͬ
ȻҲףЦŵ˵ͷ̹Ȼܡ
أԸһ£ûǮ򳵣ȥᶫҪ߸Сʱԭһ¡


72 ҪŮ
һ£Ȼ˵һݣ˫ʱãʹɹӵٷ֮١
һŷɫ䣬ϽҡͷУ̫ˣΪĵرҲҪ
㺰һ壬ȴҪãݶѾûκôˣҲûã㻹ܸ˭Ц˵һѵӡ
ŷȴûôѣĵر綼޼ÿһ궼ֵǡ޷ΪˣȴǾֻ֣ҪһĵرܾȻ
ŷԥɫһ˵СţǲǿͷԲŲļ񡣡
˻һŷЦ֪˼Լǲˡһŷǽĺ⡣
Ͷˣʲô¾ôˡŷܣЦȻǿġ
˫޵飬ŷ뿪
ǣҽ棬ȴߵ
ŷҪѧУʱֻȴһİĺ룬üͷһ壬˵绰
ŷ磬㡣绰洫һŮϤ
Ժһŷ֪绰˭ˣЦ˵㣬ʲô飿ܷԸ÷ԸΪЧ͡
ƶ죬ҵ飬ǹģǵǰоѻҪɱмɱ˰׺УĻӦǳģһ£ܲҵĻ֡ǵ˵
ǵĻŷоһʹ˵ã棿
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ŷȴֱߣ˵ƣûϵֲģԯ޵һҲҪǰͷ
Ư£ŷ翴һۣ̲ס޵
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ŷһ㶣ȻЦ˵ôɬСѾͷôܺͱȣҼǸͷҪҺǸѾͷ飬췳ˣҪǻɱĻҿ϶ǳĵġ
¶һĨŹֵЦ⣬Щζ˵ҿɲΪڵϷԼӣ
԰ұ˼ŷһƽ˵
΢΢һ죬Ȼ˲ָɫȻ˵ǵõ鱨ɱֽ˰׺УǲǹĬĸ֡
ǹĬŷһ£ָһδɱԼˡ뵽ɫЩִвСҲǹе֣˵ܱһһСģĺп﷭
뵽ŷʵָʾǵ˭
һСʵʲô
һ⣬ŷ纮ΪǿȳǣȻҳĻʹߣȫɵ
ϱһɱɱǱɫüͷ˵У㲻ɱˣֻǰץȻ󽻸Ʋǡ
ǵĻŷ¶һĨЦݣЦץǣǿס𣿿µȲνķƲãЩ˾ӳȥˡ
ɫһ䣬ȴûзɱֲûбץסֻǻϵӳȥֶκǾˣȻĹ֣Ҳһľܹסġ
뵽Щԥ
ҪڸʲôŷЩʵֻҪЩˣĹͣҪڣ϶бĴ㡣
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ŷ籾պһڿȣǵĻֱһ˳ȥҺӦ죬ת˹ȥ絽˵ϡ
һĶǣ˵Щˣ㣬㡭ڿЦɣ
ôˣüͷʵ
׹ŷΪʲôôķӦһɱ֯Ҫô
ǹŷ֪룬϶Цãһɱ֯룬޵صɱ֯Դģǧʷˣڱ鲼磬ҽżҶǣɴ˿ɼʵжôĿֲ
뵽ŷɫ˵㣬һ䣬ǧͼȥ޵ǲǾܹܵ飬ǲ鵽ʲô˿Ҳδʲô¡
ΪʲôЩǿʵ֪ŷ϶֪һЩʲôҪԼ
˵㲻ǸˣòҪǸ磬кܶණͨòҪ֪ŷҡͷ˵
һתͻȻ˵˽⣬Ȼͨ˲֪ǾҲͨɣŷ磬ҪŮˣǸ硣
˻һŷĿɿڴû뵽ǻľ
ԼŮˣòһջԵ飬뵽ŷ촽


73 һ
ŷҪӦʱͻȻչһЦϱ価ȥһɢջ
Ц˵ǿЦģû뵽־Ȼôᶨһ߱úÿ㡣
ŷƵҪѪǰŮЦ⣬ҧЦҵˣӽԺҵŮˡ

ֵɵˣŷһӣЩĻţһﲻ˵İɡ
ŷ̸𰸣ĵ˵ҴЦرŮ˷棬ӽԺֻңҷг뷨ɱǸˡ
ǵɴ۾Ͱ͵˵϶ǿЦģӣôŮˣⲻܡ
ûʲôܣ˵˵ҲϲǸѾͷϲŮһҲûʲôŷһȻ˵
׵Ĺ۵㣬һãֻҪ飬Ϳ϶ȥ۱˵ʲô
޳ܡЩˡ
лл佱
ŷһ⣬Ŀһ
ˣǿҲסһҪᱼͼԼƽȻʧˣŷֱĶҪߵĳ嶯
ûУһŭŭ
ûÿŷЦ˵ȫǲε͡
һԵЩңͻȻվɨһ۹ŷ絭˵⼸ԼɣǴƺˣҳĻʹҲ׺
ҪģǺ͹ŷ˶ס
ŷ˵ͷ˵İɣͰˡ
һţǽһˤݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣҲ֪Լûޣֻת뿪
뿪ñӰŷٺЦҶСѾͷ㻹˵㣬ԺԹԵҵŮ˰ɡ
һ𣬹ŷɨһ飬һĨЦ
ˣֱһط
ƴƵ꣬еذףذ׵ķâǰһƬǹŷ硣
ɱǹ˲Сҿɲֻķ˵оһͻȻһȭǰӾȻһǳǳȭӡ
Լ˿ȭͷЦˡ
׳ա
һһתͷ֪ʲôʱһڷ棬ϴһĨЦ˳ζ
пʶĿһƬƬϵǸ˺εơ
˭оԼɤЩɬû֣һ䡣
ĶŶԷذ׵ֶЩ
˵Ҳ֪ܹϢǱԼˣԵĲܿܲǶ֡
ɱˡŷ˵ȻûнһһɱַС
һͻȻ𾪵ŷ
ŷüͷһ壬ʶתͷȴʲôûС
ʱˣеذ׺ݺݵŷ࣬ٶȿ쵽˼㡣ߣ͵ϮҲпܱɵ
ֻǺܿϧŷѾһ磬Ҷ֮޵УȻκв
һŷͷˣȻתһץסֻ֡ǹŷɫȴÿһֱӱˣڱ˿ˣһô׾ӵķ
뵽ŷڳ鶯УݺһŤֶϣҪҽгȴŷֱһֵնڲ档
һ缶ɱȥ硣ֻǹŷȴ΢һ㣬ĵֲЩˣΪ߲һϵģԺ޵ĺɱ֣ǹŷĶ֡һεķħиǿˣЩ˲ǹŷҪĶ
̵ܶʱ䣬ŷɱڵĵطֻһ˻飬쵽˲ԣǰˣûбŷɱ
Ҳ֪˭ҪɱԼȻֶ뵽ŷ¶һĨЦȴûжǻصѧУ
ֶ֪Ҫ˰æ
ֻǻûеѧУǵĵ绰ʹˣκĮȻʵɱǣ
ҿط񣬱ԩˣҰŪһҪңΪˡŷЦ˵ȴԼɱˣֻҲ˵úףҲ֪˼
쵰
һźüͷһ壬һ䣬ֱӹ˵绰
˵绰֮Լҹŷģһ룬ǻûдȥ
ֻ洫äŷ翴ԼֻŮ˼£ȥҲ²ס
һ񺮣ŷ类Լĵˡ
̤ѧУһֻٴһİĺ롣
ŷ緭˸ۣȺ˻ͣ
˽洫һİժ¥ϰ𣿹ҡ


74 ӷ
ŷɫ΢䣬ʵ˭
֪ˡǸЦһȻ˵绰
ŷת߳ѧУһ⳵ժ¥ȥϴһĨ΢ЦȴͣЩ䡣
˾٩ɽʱȴĪһ仰˵ܵһɾ޴ѹԴͷǸꡣ
ժ¥ŷֱ˽ȥ
ͯڣŷʱȴժ¥ԱȻһ˶ûСڲԶĵ棬֪
ĹԱҲͣİ
ֻվţҲ󶼴ˡһаһֻվĸŮӣŷ߽¶һĨаЦ
ͻȻֻ֣ˤ˳ȥĿǹŷ
΢΢һΣ㿪ֻŷɫ䣬߹ȥдһĨɢűɱ
ǹŷ磬е˼ֲܹ÷ǸﶼǱӣժ¥ӿˣóһΡ국˵ڷԸԼū͡
ŷЦߵǰԥ֡
ĸŮӳ˳Ƴһơ
ײһ𣬹ŷˣüͷĸŮ˶ǿ󣬸һ磬Ϣͨս쳣ֲ
ȻܽҼŮһˣһһ˲ˣΪҽżҵӵܣһ££ԺĶУһϯ֮ء국˵ŷдһĨ͡
ŷˣ֪˵ЩʲôˡҪҽżҵΪ£һﻹͷһľöԷţƴˡ
֪в񾭲ٸҳЩûõģҵժ¥ҲҪ⳥һһ첲ˡŷ˵ˣɫᡣ
˻һĸŮ˱ɫȴЦ˳ûǸͣ¡
ĸһ֣ŷ磬ȫǲҪĴ򷨡񣬵ǳȴ쳣
ŷȻ˫ݻ̫̫ͼѹˡ
һξҵײĸŮ˺ɳȥȾѪǾĶŹŷ磬ţ֮ͬУȻܹһ֮ѹǣռϷ硣
ĸŮˣŷͣꡣ
ɫ䣬Թŷ۽ֻĴһȭ
ӿһغˣûŷײһαˣڲԶɫص˵ߡ
국Цһ˹ŷ磬ȴЩ⣬ŷ˵úܴݣһ㶼֮ĲҲеô
뵽΢һ㣬΢΢Щӹŷˡ
ֻǣȴΪŷԼĶ֣һ󾳽磬֮űʵΪŷܹзɣܡ
嫺ˣǰҵˣֻ벻׵ǣҵʲôʱôĵˣȻҡŷʵȴ벻ˡ
ȣĲǹżһΪΪʲô㣬ժ¥ҰҪˡҲǰЦ˵ŷгӡ

˵棬ŷ֣һ㣬ꡣ
˼ҽսٶȿ쵽˼飬һ˲㽻ʮУȻͬʱˡನ˽֮ܵ˷
ժ¥һ˲õùŷüͷ۾һУҺҳȥ𣿡
ΪʲôңҲҵľ¥սлٻˡüͷһʮ˵
һԲֱӳ˳ȥٶȺܿ죬ڼٱм佻֣һֱ档ĸŮҲֻٶ˺ܶࡣ
ԽԽľ˵ղŰٷ֮ٵĻܹŷ磬ȴЩûˡ֣̽鵽ŷĵϸ֪Ȼһ磬Ǳʵȴڶߡ
뵽ɱڣһ˾Բسɻ
бɱָӺˡĸŮװ˼ֱӼսš
ΧŷһˣùŷѹѵĵֿȻ·磬ȴͬʯһ㣬ɺ
һ壬˫ֻԲ̫֮ͼѹֿˡ˹Ӿңȴķ޷Թŷʵʵ˺
ǶҪŷ˵ʹ·磬ȻžԵģҪɱˡ
Σż֮˹ȻԴĿЦˣȻڳԡЦŹŷĻռ˾ԵϷ磬Ȼһʱò¹ŷ磬ǰŹŷŲ˶á
һĨЦŷû˵
ʩλʩ˵ûѪ֣֮Ҫû˵󻰡ʱһ
һֺСгڼ˵ǰӾԲʮ꣬ƾɵɫɮ£¶ЦݣԵ쳣ʵ
Сͺ¿ôˣüͷһŷ̲סʵ
ӷϣġСҲٺһЦһȱӡ
ƲƲ죬ŷ粻м˵㲻úң϶ʲôʦ飬ȻԲҵġ
СһЦȴûзȻŷ¶ˡ
һѣŷָŰ˵ϻ˵ǡ
ӷɱǲԵġգգ۾С˵ֻǻ䣬ͻȻ֣һһŮˡ
ǸŮ˲ҽУɳȥڵϳ鴤˼£ûϢ
ӷҲǹΡСգգۣһ޹ӡ


75 ɫ
˹ŷ磬ǸûзӦ˺ôһᣬŮͬʱ㡣˹ȥŮӵ壬ԷѾûϢ
ɫŭأСеϣԹ˵
Сһ޹˫ֺʮׯϵԻҲ˭ʩִɱҵĻǱ㶯ְɡ
ʱСУͻһõɮһ㣬ׯϣһִηľ
ŷǳ鴤һһС֪ƭ˶ˡ
ҽһŮ̲ס˹ɱȻȫ֣𶯵ն΢΢
ͬһŮɱ񣬺ˣϵɱҪһ㡣

̾һСлı۾Ƿ˷
ʱ򣬰ȴһֲõԤУ©ʲôһͻȻʶ˲ԣСгֱҪôִУһʲôı
뵽
Ůɫ¶һĨɻ󣬲ȴΥʶͣط
ʱСͻȻ۾һ˫ɱ㣬һŮӵ
ŮӻһһѪ˳ͬʱСгˣһȭŮӵͷϣֱӽɱ
һ̣ʣµŮȫѹˣǳ޵ĶСУ񼸺Ҫʬˡ
ɱҰ檣Ҫ㳥һһ٣ɫ࣬һ̤ɱͬХһϯ񱩵˼㡣
Сбɫֱһת㵽ŷȻ˫ֺʮ˵ʩɱ޹ǲԵģСǳ֮ˣ£벻ҪΪСС
ɫ䣬ֱӳ֡
̹ⱬУϹˮˣɢſֲܡĳһƣһֻƣĥ̴СѹҪ顣
ŷߣֱӭȥֻ죬תơһ𣬷֮󣬰ǿ󣬶ȫ쳣ǿơ
˽սһСһתŮӣЦ˵椣ү档
˸̹⣬ͷһŮһ£ǱʶЩ¡
ʬ壬ǵ۾ˣŭһ
ŷ밽սһĻҡҡͷ˵λСҲˣǺпǶߡ
˻һȻɫ˹ŷ磬ԥСгȥ
Сɫһ˲֪ʲô飬ˬؽе쵰ŷ磬ҷүĵס
һ䣬Сƴ䣬ȻһѪ⣬˫ֽϰٵѪϰٰѪŮˡ
Ů˷һҽУûеֿ˲䱻ѪʬŸϵһĻһŭСжһƣȻˣͷҲ뿪
һĻùŷСЩɵȵӦҪ׷ʱ򣬶ԷܵûӰˡ
ˣˣһûƴ˼СЩգһϧӡ촽¶һĨѪЦݣЦ˵Ҳãһȥ϶˹ʱɱʹ졣
ŷһ˵һУ˵һħɱ֮أȲϡ
ɫôˣŷƵʵһֻҪһ֣Ͳк¡
СнɫķһǣСȴԼҪɫ´ԸҪȢʮš
ȻҲΪԭʦɽʱ䣬ҪԷϴ飬ѣ͸á
ЧȻǺܺãӸղɫŮӵܹһȻɫĲġ
ɫЦһЦׯϵ˵ɽҪ£һ
û˵꣬ŷһĹͷ棬Ȼޱ˵˵ص㣬˵ʵҪҷƭңԼ롣
ɫɫһȻͷһͷɥӡ
ûã̧ͷһ߷ߵı˵ʦҲ̫СˣҲ͵Ѿϴ豻ˣûʲôȻҪȢҲԸ⣬ʦҪңҾ͵ɽˡ
ŷɫһ֪ɫˣȴû뵽Ȼɳ¡ѾǺˣŷȻɫʦ֮ǰŮʮ꣬ɫʦƽʱŮ֪ɫ͵ԼŮϴ裬ûѾˡ
ʦˣ֮£ôǿأӦûбİ취ġɫļ򣬹ŷһͬ˵
ɫʱһ֪ĸо˵Դ˵԰ʦ¿ԴҲΪһȻƬɭֵģǹŷ㶮ҡ
ҵ˼ˡŷڳ鴤һԼ޳ܡ
ɫɻĶŹŷ磬Լʲôˣ
ҵ˼ǣҪʦֱӰˣʡ϶ۡŷһ䣬תߡ
󻹴ɫܻŷ磬̫ˣôô˵ҡͣһᣬȻɫĲҽдȵѽүºڣ١


76 ȥ
صժ¥һѾʰϣѾװ޶ӸϹҹ
˵Ա͵ҽԺ沢û̫صˣֻǻԹȥˣѾҲо쵽ӵǣŷɫ죬Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼժ¥ϰ塣
Смǣʱ۾һһ߽ǣ˫ֺʮСɮɫʩ
˵꣬ŷһסɫĶ䣬˵ҵŮˣɩҲϷƤǲǣ
ɫϽ˵û뷨ŷ㲻ԩ˰ֻǿɩӳ׽УŻ߹ȥģû뵽ȻҲˣҲֻôƯɩӣӢ㡣
⻰ҰһΡŷֵ֣˵
˶ͶԱӵĿ⣬ƤҲ̫ˣƨȻҲܺã
ɫٺһЦվһߣӵģܣѰʲô
ǣ㲻ˣԱܵ˾ţҰŻȥϢˣҪҪŮȰٹͻȻڵֱӴɫ˼
ɫҲΣٺһЦ
Ȼ֪ɫݣǼǺ͹ŷһģҾֹڳˣ֪϶һˣ˵Ǻ͹ŷһǿڡ
뵽սɫЦ˵ʦӢ䣬ӢţҪôѡһЩԱأʱҴʦȥһЩǧ£ò绨ǲʦ
ģɫɴ۾ˮˡ
Ȼġϵĵͷ
ɫЦһ§ס棬Ц˵ǺֵܣŷһͻԼݣûңãˣֵʲô֣
ŷ緭˰ۣһǣЦ˵ţʲô飿
˭㣬Ҫǽӵڻڼ˯أҲ֪ժ¥Ѿ˹ŷĲҵ
ҽӵ˵ժ¥£ԲŸϹģģҺ㲻죬뽫ҳƺǶȥû˵
Ŷڻʲô𣿡ŷȥ֣ȻֲҪġ
ڹŷ磬ǳˡһۣ˵ø㳶Щµļأ
ˡŷʵ˵ûܵģѾˣѾʬˣԹŷҲ˵ѡ
֪ǵΪʲôҪժ¥鷳Ǽʵ
ĵ⣬׺в̫ƽ룬ܶϳΣյϢþˡ
֪ǲܸ㣬㶮áŷһ˵ᣬһ֪ܶණȴ쳣ơ
ҧҧ΢ŭҲҲֻҪ˵ݣǾܽ룬Ǵ֮ìܣΪʲôǷҪԼǵ׵ʲô
Ĺͣǵıߡŷ쳣˵ֻȴܷ΢΢Եúܲм
Ǳˣû˵仰ԼŰɡ
ӢŷٺһЦ
һˣתȥкԼնӡ
пճŷ糶ɤӺ
߳ժ¥ǽһԣˤ޺޵һۣȻͷҲص뿪
ֻһȺԱȴۿˣǵͷȻˣһı÷СкϷˡ
֪ЩԱ۵ݣɱ˵ĶˡֻǺ͹ŷ翪һЦȴû뵽Ūز
ժ¥¥УŷɫأŶ˵סԺˣ˳ǣȻûҺд绰ǵٴ׳Կġ
ŷĻöЦʶߵˣôǰбʲôģȻ˼˵Ķ֣жֵҲֻһŮˡ
һֲֿŮˣҺöԷɱˣժ¥ûһܻġӴժ¥ͽӴһЩǰ붼Ķϣܶɱǲܵͷģ֮ϣƿ˵ˡ
ŷ磬ǼôˣȻŶԷܵˣԹŷԸ񣬲ܷŹԼ˵ġ
ŹֵĿɫһۣŷҲûʵشĸŮ˱ͺ¿ɱˣǸˣҺͺ¿ƭˣû׷ϡ
һȻ֪ŷеͺ¿˭ֻû뵽ƺɫɱȻô¡
ɱˣһθоôĴ
ɫÿŷȻ֪룬Ķļ̾˿˵磬֪ǶԻǴȻһֵܣҾͲܿƽȥϣ⡣
ŷ̾ɫ滹ǵһμижͻȻչһЦ⣬ôҲһЩ˳ʮĹֵǾԭˡ
ʮĹûУȴУͺ¿ɵ񹦽̸ҵֵܡŷЦ˵
û⡣ɫҲʹ죬ǲԼĹ
ѧʲôôһϲ̲סʵ
ǿ壬֮⣬ܹҹʮŮǹŷĵ˵
۾ʱˣİ壺ѧˡ


77 ʼ
׺ѧУһܶûѧҶ˵һˣҽ˰˴ŵս
˶뿴˵׳ʲôûͷۣȻôĿ
ЩʦҲ⣬Ҳ뿴ŷ˴ܣûб͡һȫУʦ棬ǼʶŷǿƣҶŷĹǺʱҲ뿴һ¹ŷԱӡ
û˵㣬ѧУѾˣѧкܶʦ˻ӣöʱˡ
ԴҲˣϽ˰ţʱĵطΪѧУٳ
ϣ˵СŻ᲻䰡ǵȫУʦ棬һҪ˻С˵´°Դߵĳ˵дһĨǡ
һЦ˵ӦСţȻҽսűʤİգĿԴɡ
Դһ㶣϶ڹŷ羹ȻôǿģЩ⡣ǹŷ米ٴ󣬵ҲһѧУ˴ŵսÿһŶѧУˮƽţҲ㵽Щ˰ɡ
뵽ֹʲô˳ôġһһƽĽٻԴûдҵκεǵɫ
ۣѧҲۡ
һѧм˵ǸŷһˣȻҽܰ˴ŵսҿһοƨ
ʱкϷˣڴǼһޱӵΡֻ
ֻǲ֪һս֮󣬹ŷ绹ѧУҪҿ϶ûȥˡһ׳ѧЦ
ȥôһʵ
ԼĻܵ˵ע⣬˵ҸطȥȻٳûˣĵ뿪ѧУʡı˳Ц
˵֮ĿһˣֻȴȻ֣вûЦͬ顣
ûзӦһˣĵһԸ
ŷڵһţһСӳ֣Ȼֱӽͷȥ
ȻС˵㣬ίһ°ɡŷ絭˵ֱת򳡵롣
ǸվƿڴģڿŷıӰ֮͡
ʶŷģ֪ԷԼܹġ񫻹ԣҪµĻǴǸԼҲʹ졣
ŷ߽ȺУں˸ֶǱҪõġ˶ĿͶϣĿ͸ɻһ꣬ʲôܹͣôŮ񼶵Ůǣƾʲô
ʱͻȻһдŷ磬ͣܰ˴ţǺݺݲڽ£ŶҲ
˴ŵ˽Ŀת˹ŭ˲ˣӳ۾еɰŮ޲ɷŮ·һ㡣
ڳ˶ʶˣ֪ǾѧУŮĪСºͽȣŹŷ֮йϵкܶ˲ţǴʱȴ֤ʵˡ
һŲ飬ŷгˡɱĿܹɱ˵ĻɹŷѾˡ
Լıӣŷ˰֣ȻֱӶ˶˸ǣĪСºͽ˶һ졣
һĻŭˡ
ٻ΢΢¶һĨЦˣעҲܶһˡ
˵ӰĿ£ŷ쳣ͻȻһߵӣεΡ˵Ҫô˼˼һẦߵġ
ۡ
һȺѪһﻹҪҪĶŹŷ磬ж̹⣬Σңֱ̫˧ˡ
ˣŷ磬ﲻˣĵطڵءһѧڣһ˿۾ͷ룬һװĸһɹʿ
ŷ翴һۣ˵Ǽ䣬Ҳ㣬ʼɡ
˻һ˿۾ɫһ䣬˵
ⲻǿĿǵʵ˵ʵҪǾôǿɱӺҶǡŷ˵ֻǽ˿۾ŭˡ
վߵһͻȻڣ壬㵭㣬ǹ⼤ŭģƽľ
ŷĿһۣһＡⷢԴҲ򵥣ٱȽǿˡ
˵ͷȻһƽԼ飬һȭ鷨һսָ̡
ãһָġŷɷнµĵ˵ͷ
屾ѹȥŭһݺݵĵһ۹ŷ磬Ȼߵһ档
һֻëʣĬһ£ʼʡʴ䣬Ԩ±֮ʱһְһ鷨ʦ緶
һĻŷɫһ廹еϵģͿһĻ֪鷨Բ͡
̶ͣ±ʣԼƷһɫ
һ۹ŷ磬дһĨ
ԼƷչǰֳУһԾ
˾ȵĲֵˮƽݡ
һС䣬żüĨҺ졣֪ߣŲ֪غ񡣰֮ǰŪعǰˣʷȾī˵С㡣
һʫ̫ã˼ȴף˵ŷһС䣬ǵõ˼Ů㲻֪ߵغҪ鷨ֱǰŪعǰˣ󵶡
ѧ۷׷ףʫ䣬ŷҲ˳ŷɲǲ֪ߵغ𣿸ͬʱ°˴ŵսⲻɵӡ


78 ʤ
ô𣿡һ۹ŷ磬Цʵ
۷ˮƽ˵ˮƽˣһЩ鷨ʦľ磬ڹڶŵϺš
ٺ٣ŷҿô죿ҴС㣬СÿȺһ䣬һŮЦ޵Źŷ磬ٲȻ
ˣô֪
ߵļСŮʵһԵı飬ǶѣȻġ
һ飬ǲ߻ģȻһӣô⡣
ɫһ죬˵ԼƨɣһЦû£ҲûʲôǾͱˣȿǸɶļһɡ
˵㽫עеŷϣѼʲʲôҲûж˵ĿͶ볡С
йŷҡҡͷüͷ˵Ҳˡ
ˣ֪֮Ǻ¡¶һĨЦݣȫǵı顣
ŷȴɴ۾һ˼ı˵ʲôʱ˵ˣ
ʲô˼һ㶣ŷͿˡ
ҵ˼ˮƽôãҶ˼ˣ˼˵۸鷨ˣС顣ŷһΪӣɫһ
һЦ˵ϵͣбд
áüͷһŷûκԥ
ߵԱߣëʣֱдһ֡Ȼŷ罫ֽһɱֳ˵ǰ˶оԴһȻ׹˱֮һֽ͸һľɱ궯ҡһЩѧһȻֱӹ
룬ŷͻȻֱӽֽ˺ˣתĿɫ͵壬Цʵ˭Ӯˣ
Ĭûн࣬ǻûдӸղŵĸо߳
Ԣ֣飬ǹŷľ磬鷨ʦҲδܹﵽñȣѾԶ׼
˿ŷг𺳣꣬Ȼôߵ鷨磬ֲøҽսء
ʹһսŷѾӮ˵أȻ༸ȫˣҲ˿
鷨ĳɾͣʹﵽ˺ܶһҲ˵ľ硣
ˣҲ㣬ΪͽɡͻȻڣֱӹ⵹ùŷЩֲ
һѽŷû˵ʲôͽܣڵľ磬һжԼҰﲻ㣬ʱһȥأһи˼
壺
ֳʦҲŷЩߴͻȻ߽⣬ܶ˾޿ɾҩˡ
ûı飬ŷ˵һ
׵ľһ֣ǰ˴ŵû뵽ģʵǿ鷨㣬ڶ֣ôױˣʣµ˾ãûô򵥡
ĵĲУģ˳ŷ͸һĨȵս⣬һȭŷ磬һս
ͷŷбۿһۣʵ
ͷһȻбͷʺܲð
糤ɫЩأ˵ŷͷһдȻĳɷУǹŷҲԲС
ȿȣҲˡ仰˵һ
ղŹŷ˵ôһ仰壬ѵҲԼ뵽΢
һˣһŷ磬ɻûڹŷϷκߵĺۼ
ѵһιŷֻһɺϣ뵽ɫһ
ΪʲôˣģҲǺģֻüˡ񵭵˵˵ʣǿ̫ˡδս԰ܣһҲᶪˡ
ðɣҴӦɡŷΪѵĵͷȷʵе㲻һһ֣һͨ˱䣬۸𣿴ȥ»ᱻͬЦ
۸СۡŷֹȻѹúܵͣǱˡɫһڣЩջѵڹŷԼô
һڽŷһѵһҪ֪Լߡ
ҪŶ
ŷ˵ͷͻȻоǰһڣȻԴһۣһֱ˹ȥ
ε֮ǰԺһͷһôô죿
һȭ񣬹ŷͷһ˼˵Ҳǹ۸ġ
۸糤ŷ绹ǵһ˵ֻˣʵǿһ˴ͨʮ⣬û뵽ȴסŷһУڹŷʵȫУʦ˸ʶ
Ⱥһ̫ˣȻǸʤΣˡȺСȭͷСֹ
ߵСЩ˱òãǹŷ̫ǿˡ˿ŷðСǣֲĪСǻᱻһѣһ顣
뵽Ůжð˴⡣ﰵҧȻ֪ԼļСѾѱˡ


79 ʤһ
Ϊֹ˭ҲΪŷˣʵҲܺɨ˴Ҳ˵
뵽ڳʦǷһڴҪֽ
糤˳һ׾ŵıȹŷһͷ˵ҽУ糤򡣡
ŷ¶Ϊѵɫ̾һ˵һûоͻһѡ
һ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ҫˣ
ôܣֻһ㣬ҲҵĶ֡ŷͻȻһ䣬˵
Աʱŭˣһվ˳ָŹŷŭСӣҲ̫˰ɣǶӳˮƽ׺жŵϺŵģϼҺô˵
̫ˣӳҪúõĽѵһ٣֪ߵغ񡣡
һҪСƨС
һȺ˽ţԹŷŭĿӡ
һȺ׳աƲƲ죬ŷ粻м˵
ɫһ䣬ɫָŹŷ˵̫˿ɲãΪԼӰ˴𣿡
еĻ˴ŵ˿Ĺŷж˵⡣
ŷüͷһ˵˵ǰ׳գǻţսҵĺòã˴һڻ˵ţܲҪ
˻һ˴ųԱɫ̫ÿ
ֻǾùŷֵдţҪдһ£ȴû뵽༸ŵֵҲ뷨һˣǿսġУëӵĶӳվ˳˵һŮͷһװˣȻƯһ֮ȴҲһֱ
ĻŷüͷһЦǵҶɵĽ˭š
ڳʦҲ¶мɫϾ˭ܿóŹԹŷ磬ǹŷš
ɫһ죬ҲԼĽеǣǿݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣû˵
뵱ʲôƷôõ飬ǰ˴ţҲȶˡŷ˵仰֮ʴ䣬ɢһɰӰ˴ŵĳԱ
ͿûǸˣȴȽʮΪʤΣŭ
ŷ粻ÿɷ񣬵˵һޱӡ
սתƵԶ򳡣ŷԭ˼£㵯ɳȥɬĶԱǴϲһ۾Ϳŷ粻
ȻĻǲͱʾӮˣ뵽ĳԱɵôЦ
һȺɷʡŷƳһۣм˵Ȼֱӽ˹ȥ
ѵһԱǵЦȻֹǲ˼ĶŹŷ磬Ȼڰ볡һͶ㽫Ͷ˽ȥ
ɵģ϶ɵġĳԱеʦ뷨
ɫЩѿĿһ۹ŷ磬ޱ˵
˹ŷУȻһͶٴνһֳѻȸ˶ڳ˵һɵģǵڶνָô͡
еɫˣ׸ŷ磬ȻѿɫУŷٴν˳ȥ
ৡ
һӴҲû˿ɣŷԲɵġֻڰ볡ͶΣ¾һԱҲɡ
Źŷ֣򡢵һֱʮнڴˣԼˣĺܳףôԶľ룬ʣ˭ܵУ
ŷȴû˿ɾ͸У֣ô𣬱۶Ͷȥб򣬴۸ˡ
ˡ˵һ仰þȫһΪʲôղŹŷôˣǿͶǲҲʤܡԼöԷͶ뵽гԼһƵĳ嶯
֮СŷûаοеĴ㣬ƲƲ죬˵Ļֱ
һȺĳԱǲޣҪ
ս˴ʧɫҪǴִˣϾѧ쵼ʦǶڣǵܣⲻԲ𣿴ôˡ
վסͻȻתһ䣬ʱӵĳԱͣ
˻ȥﶪۣ˵䲻𡣡дһȺӳԱɫ߷ߣȴֻ˻ȥ
һͻˣĿһ۹ŷ磬ɫվ˻ȥ
ŷ絭һЦɨԱһۣɫоȻһĨϧԱһͻȻղŹŷһ֮£˹糤Ȼ˸󣬵ȻֵĶ֡
뵽Ա¶һĨҡ
ŷתɨ˴ţȻ󵭵˵糤һ¡
һ֪ʲô˼
һ׳ʵ˳ŷгս⡣
ŷҲ˵ֻߵڵϵԱߣȻһֱӽС
𣿡ŷ糤¶һĨЦ⡣


80 ȫ
ȸ糤ֹһ䣬Ǻʹ죬ֱ˻ȥ
Ӯһ֣ڳʦŷ񶼱ˡʤĸţս죬ȻЩνţҲɡ
ϾҲֻˣͬʱô򡣵ǹŷȴ˵ʶһ˶սĸţҶԾԵƻܶԷúܶ˷¶ĳɼ
ԴĿɿڴһɫƽĳϺͽٻ̲ס˵˵֪
ЦЦ˵żҵˣûʧܹ
żҵˣԴ߶ʣ΢ܹϹϵңһƳ磬Բ򵥡һ۽ٻаһ
ζĿһ۹ԴһĨЦ⡣
ĸ˭ϣŷʵһվɢŰһһ㣬߲ʡ
ʣĸû˵ǶŷסˣһĶûˡ
ǲ˵ŷȴˣ˵׼ùݡ
糤ɫһñ˶֣ԼΣϹݣȻվһߣ۾ĶŹŷ硣
ḧŹݵңŷ۾֮͵һɰɱ˱ɫ
ָ趯ͬһ㣬һɱ˷·˹ʱսǰһƬʬɽѪսꪺգ⽣Ӱɱϲ֫ϱۣɱõСƵúսѪڣ޲ó֣ɱһ
ˡ
һһڳɫһ۾ȫЩͣȻûдӵ⾳߳
һ׽ܽˡȷӦǹ糤ŷһɫͨ죬΢Ĳ
һ򣬸оڹϵ۹Զˣ˲С
ûпһۣŷ絭˵ñ
˽ֽ˽ٻһֱۣ±ʡ
̼䣬һŮͼڱ³֣ǽٻͼнٻ²һƣŴȹƮȻɡ
ŷ罫˶ĿɿڴͼеĽٻǻһľͬϵһ㣬ò˼顣
оȱ˵ʲô糤૵˵Ȼúȱʲôһ
û۾еĽʦû۾һѧͻȻһýٻɫһ죬ߵ˼㡣
û뵽ŷửԼҽԼôһֻǽٻҲк͹糤һĸоܾȱٵʲô
Ǹѧһ˶ӦˣŮӵ۾λȥȻв׵ĵطû۾ûе㾦ֻһõ۾ʧȥĸо
㾦
֪˭һȻе˸źȣ˿
ŷһЦһ·˹Ŵʿë£һ˲·˹
˶ãһӾվԼǰЦ⣬һһЦжŶ˵ķϡ֣Ҫץסʲôȴץһա
ѹŷг𺳡һȻ̶ܹȣҲ̫ˣĻһ߳˻˵ǰ
ͷŷĿиӵĲͬˣǳݣǾηĽʺޣûֵܹ˶֪չ󣬹ŷ֣ǽԶǣΪһ档
ŷŻĿٻ
ٻоԼڿ֪ŷҪʲôһɾ޴Ҹгļ䣬۾ˡ
͸㣬ֿŮˡŷŽٻ΢Щɳƣһ˶ĵĴԣ˹ȥٻ˫ֽס
˾ȵУٻ˽˹ŷĻС
ѧУж˵ĹϵдԣϾܶûмʱ϶ˡۿԼеŮ˵Ļ֪Ĳ顣
Ȼܲˬòϣֻйŷ֮ӣܹǵŮʦһ̾Ϣֱӽŷĵλ֮ӵĵز
Ůʦܺ͹ŷһܱȺһЩһãȻȻԸףǡ
ףҸ
е˶ۣ۳һףҸ
޺޵վҧгݵ˵һԹŮ
ߵСĻʱȤ˵˰ɣһ˴ŵҲһδҿ֮ûϣˡ
˵ʲô˭ϡ˭˭ȥֻˡҧгݵ˵һ޲ó˹ŷӡ
ðɣҹԸʵˡСĵ˵
һа뵽һβУеڶΣҾͲŷ硣
ı飬ļСﻹ֪ʲô
һԩҡа뵽


81 
ֻʣëͽˣ糤ȴûбԵ뷨ˡ
ŷǰı֣ҲǱȻ׹ŷʮİգŸҽǵսǱԿҲûʲô³
뵽ֱˡ
⵹ùŷһëû⣬ȷʵҲɻأȴкܴı
Ӯˡ
˶ˣɽĻǼ֤һ漣һȫţ֮ӡ
ŷ磬̫ţˣ㡣УһŹŷ֣Լϲţȫǳĳݡ
ŷԼ֣һµı顣ɻ뿿ԼֱӵסһѨ
㻹һɣȻܴ󣬵ǲ뺦ͬ־˾Ͳϲˡŷ૵˵ɫһڣȡ
Ҫ磬ȴ˵˻ŷ˳Ѩˡ
·廵ЦղҲģȴûɿ죬ӹһ١
ȫʤŷ粻ףһ𣿡·Ц˵Լ촽һ
ժ¥ڶɰҵˣȥҪǮһе飬ˡŷ翴һֻһϢǸǿ׳ġ
ô죿ָָڴϲܶɣ·ʵ
û£Сʱ֮ѨԶ⿪СʱȴǲܶģΪΪŷ绵Ц˵·ҲЦˡ
ɿˣź군ˣҪջ
߳ᣬǿ׳ѾˣɫЩأŷĵһ仰ǣ鷳ˡ
ôˣüëһŷʵ
ҳλ֣Ҫ׺ɱ㣬ѾˣϾܵǿ׳ĵĵ˵֣һɿֲԺɨһˡ
ɴҲԿҶԹŷ磬űɱľġ
ŷҲһ£ЦôֱʣҪɱңֿɲǼȻҪҲȫǡ
ǿ׳һû뵽ŷĿȻôǿߣһޣȻҪɱ˶Էɲʲôܲײˣǿߣһ
ŷ磬ҿǻǵɣϾԷ֡ǿ׳̲סѵŷðա
ǿ׳ĻŷһЦİɣֱеƿɱǡ
ŷô϶ǿ׳һڹŷǷǳĵģ֪˵󻰡
ˣҲһҫסҪǡŷͻȻɱֵ飬һ
ǿ׳һЩ˼ʵǾȻҵ㣿Ȼǿ׳Ҳʶҫǵģֻ벻˾Ȼôĵǹŷ硣
Ҫ֪׺У˭֪ŷĴҵ㱻ɱ˾һɷǣ˭ҵȻţڰ׺Ȧȴ㲻ʲôһνȵᣬǶûеõ롣
ӣŷЦ˵˼ɱɱңûгɹҲԺ鷳ԻȽǴȽϺá
齻Ҿˣ׼ԸְɣʵڲУҿԴӼеˡǿ׳˵ûнǷУǿ׳ӵĻҵĶ֡
ŷȴҡҡͷãܽҰǴ˾Ϳˡ
ŷĻǿ׳Ҳǿ˵ͷȻȥ
ŷȴժ¥ɫСдʱڴУһŮԱʱ˵һЦŮԱÿֱЦ
ŷֱ˹ȥһѽɫ˹ˣȥһ顣
ʲô飿С𣿡ɫ۷Ź⣬Źŷ硣
СûУȴɱǡ
ŷĻɫָŹŷĴ󺰵룬ĵӣ㲻Ҫҵ⡣һֻžջһְǰһ׵ӡ
˻һе˶˿ŷĿⶼǹֵֹġ
СеľջŹ̫̬ˡ
䣬˶ܱ⣬ʵﰡ
һЩȻСǹŷȴܹɫڵ˼㣬ָž졣
ɫСһף֪ˣڨڨЦҪ˼ҴӦˡ
Ļһ˵꣬е˿ŷӹˣһĨġ
ߡŷ˵ɫӣոһ㣬ܣ㵭ļţȫǾ綾֮
˵ֻһߣһߣ¶ҳЩ
ɫŹŷ˶¥˽һ䣬޴Ĳҽ˳ժ¥š
磬ۣ㣬Ҵˡ
磬Ҫܲˣ̫ˡ
Ŷ໣ˣҴˣҪˡ
֪ˣԺ϶Թģ㡣

ĲҽͣĴɫӹˣȻɫĽĸˡ


82 ˫
ŷ磬㲻벻ջãŮ˸ɲܶԲٻʦűһ߿ų˽
ȴûеĻ棬ŷ簴һͷͣĻӶŵȭͷ
ףɫֵأһʵ
ͷ˵Ŀڣ䡭ãѾϵɫ
ɣ㶺أɫô˧һŵı顣
ɫһ㶣Ȼˡɱɲ˵ʲô
ȿȣʲôû˵ɫֵ㲻Ҫᣬŷǵ㣬ɲܶԲٻʦ˵ȻһȰŷ硣
ҶԾջûȤŷ˵
ţģҲ˵ģɫֵܵ飬ҸᴫȥģġȻִԲ򣬻Ȼûмɫгͬ顣
Ҳһɡŷ絭˵һֱӳ嵽˶ǰȻĽŹˡ
һ᷿оĲҽУժ¥ԱоջһɫЩףһϰ壬պǸòջɡ
Сʱͷӷ˳Ȼͷʹޡڹŷ磬ˣڰ˯ء
ӭС˵ģ濴ϣĸ֣˸չļ죬ֻǴʱȴȻг˱ˡ
װģôˣʣͬʱҲЩŭѵժ¥л˸۸ıɣ
棬ʵڲУǾ뿪ɣ㲻ժ¥ĸˣҲһᰮġҧŴᶨ˵
ͷͷ¶ɻɫû˵ʲô˼
һǮûбҪþջȥ߰ɡżҪ޳ˣöʵ̫ίˡ
ʲô˼ðߣʱ׹ŷĸˡ
뵽Ͻ͡
ڹŷɫ뿪ժ¥
ҹĻ٣һܷɻڰ׺У߳ɻлһµƣľ
еÿͶԶǱһ룬˵ɫдһĨη
˳˻γ˹ɫ˽ӭ˽ȥ
С˸ս棬нݵһ㿪ʵ˸⣬ñʻһ˸ܵһɿֲѹ
ҵʻ˸ϽشǰյõϢǿ׳ժ¥ø˹ŷ磬ֻҪȥժ¥Ϳ϶ܹȵĳ֡
ãҵҪǺηʥȻҽҡЦ
α棬һѣֱɻɱֻ˵ժ¥ǲʱ򲻷ǵ¡һ˿ڣһḬ̃
Щԥ˵Ǹ߼ҵĲҵҪǶˣǸ߼ҪѰɣ
ˣǷҪ¸߼ңҶˣ˫αʲô߼ңҲǴӸ߼ҵжȡժ¥ƾʲôѣ
һüͷ΢΢һ£ȻչЦ˵˵ĲǾͰ˵İɣչժ¥
ǰ˾ľû뵽η˾Ȼôͷ˫еٮٮߣֱΪ̫үӷ뻢߶ӷʢ츳ˣйֿǿϰеս
뵽˾ͬԱɫӹˡ
˵껰Ŀҹɫī˸һſ񷡣ʻһ˵ĵضΣ뻢ͷʢ˵۾ͬʱˡ
ɱͣ뻢˵
һͣ˳ȥڳΧ䱸š
ಣ
ƿȫ£üĳһѪȻѾĲˡ
һĻ뻢ͷʢɫ˱䣬֪˸֣ת˴򿪳ţ˳ȥ
ηˣöֳһʢ
Ļ䣬һǳȥǾͳȥǶûӣүƫȥѽ
һƯ÷뻢ͷʢ˸˵˵λá
ֻһѽɻѵ͵Ϯʲô⡣
˭˵ˣ͵ϮڱƻˣȥҰϻ쵰ɵһܻ÷ʢɫڣ絶ɨΧȴֲ
쳣ίҲǹģҲ򲻹ϼһ뺦ѽ
뻢һòᣬɨһܣЦװŪС֮Ǹҳһɱ㡣
ͷ¶βļһ涼¶ֻһЩ֣ͨ˲ݡʢҲ
ȴ˿ҷɾ裬ԷǿܹоȻ﷭
ھͶ֡һЩŭȻһ޴ĺӰٵķ˹

ʢϲֻҪԷ¶棬Ͳġ
˹ȥݺݵһȭ˳ȥȵӰʱŷ֣Ͳһˣһ޴ʯͷ˳
Ѿˣֻһȭ˹ȥ
ʯͷѣʢؿһƣѪڡڴʱһĨɱַʢдвá


83 ն
Ѫ޼նһѪͣն
ʢɫ䣬һѪ˹ȥ
飬Ѫնڷʢϣ³һѪ䱻һӡᣬˣɫг˷ŭ
ͬʱ뻢Ҳڷʢǰɫս
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ڴʱͻȻһҽУ÷뻢һ
ʶĻͷһһվڷʢһıϣʢأڳ鴤ܿû˶
ߵܡ
뻢۾ˣȫɫ𿪣Ȼصʢǰ
ʢŷˣǱһƴݻ࣬ȻǿҲ̱ˡ
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ɱߣ˺ɱ֮ҪɱңҪñɱ׼ŷĵ˵ϳűɱ
뻢תͷ޵Źŷ磺ǹŷ磿
㻹ɱ𣿡ŷζЦ

뻢Ȼ׵ĳˣͬһͷ転һ㣬嵽˵ǰȻһȭݺݵˡ
񱩣˶ɫڳ޵Ĵ̼£뻢Զƽʱʵ
ŷ˫ֻӶһ̫ͼֵ뻢СޱȣһĨѪ⣬ӲסԼ
˫˫ˣܵѪЩڡ˱ɫʱ뻢ﵽ˶ֵļޣʱܹС
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СбׯϣҲ֪ԣԥʹɱ
һɳһ磬һҶһᣬշѪתɫ⣬γһ޴磬뻢С
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޷棬֮ǰΪɱˣţͳѧΪһ塣Ȼ󸴳ǿ˷ɨ¡
ԯ޵֮ս˴ҹʤΪ֪ѡ
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ŷĳ֣âһѳɫ뻢ţࡣ
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ϻǾǿߣϢǾߣ޷ʱշ㲻Ÿոս붥УóѾˡŷһӵ˵һ̫̰ˡ
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ȻҶʢͷ뻢ΪɱŷȥȴûΪɱλֵʵ˶֪ŷ粻һ߶ѣߣ˵ɱԷܶһܹ
֮˶ôģֻйͷͷڼᶨΪǹŷɵġȻȱ֤ݣֱԺ͹ŷѲ˸ϵ
ֻΪһε飬ڷҵĵλ½漸ܵĸҪλʤ˵ĻҲûм
߼ұֳĬǱڹνҾУϵٲһ㣬ҲûйϵҲҴĵɱ
ժ¥ǿ׳һЦ˵û뵽ɱ˫һ߰ŵ֣ûõϡ
ûʲôþȵģֻСèѣʲôƨԺҸһˣ֪ʲôˡŷٺЦȻ⣬߶ѣɱҲɱˡ
ǿ׳Ȼ֪ŷҪ˭ԼʶԵĲٱȷ˫ǿ򲻻ᱻŷôءĿתƵɫϣһı飬ĺԷ޷ͽܡ
ʲôүϲˡɫЩëûǿ׳
ҲϲˣɫСʦҪϲŮ˵ĻԺ˵Ҫж١ǿ׳ͶãҪ˵Ĺϵ
޷ͽܣɲһˣύ֮󣬶߼Ҷкô
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ƲȥЦᣬͬˣܿһƬȻɸǿ׳˳ȥȥˡ
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˦˦ԴЩ߰ͷ˦ȥŷժ¥ܲð칫дɢһյϢ
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ڴϣЩԡûκιԣпЦô˵Ҫ͹ŷһȻһΪĺøУ󲿷ֻΪʶŷǿҪһܹˣԱĺӡ
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㣬ȵɣƷݴǺѵõġŷЦ˵ٱֱ֣һ֪ôԹŷźá
˹ŷһۣҼҵģ治Լˡ
ҽԼ𣿡ŷЦһ䡣
һû˵ֻһĨΡ
ȿȲɡŷ˵ţݹһˮ
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뵽Щģԭµ˶һС
ֻոͷŷͿ˵òôƯأӦ˵Ǿɫɫ㣬һˣǣջˮ
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㻹ܸ޳һ𣿡ŷ缫̲ס˵һ䡣


86 ɢ
ȻܡǧʶĻش
ʵ̲סһЦ˳ǧҲ˹Ź֡
ʱǧҲԼ˵˴ɫһĿתŷ磬ŭﵷʲôңҹһҺȥ
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ŷȥϾȻһƣֱֹŷ硣
ĴһǷŷ絭˵ΪһķܹӮҵĻҵǲʵ
˻һǧɫܹһۿľˣΪԶԶ֮ϡ뵽ǧͣסŲɲĶŹŷ㵽ʲôˣ
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һͻȻʶ˲ףƽʱǧһӵӣޱȣһǴʱȴȫһǱһˣľ
ʲôˣܲǣӽ뿪ϣѹƷҲǶżҲˣбٴ⣬Ѿˡŷ˵Ų裬һĵӣһ㶼ûнǧС
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ҲǰľŪɵˣЩ޴Źŷ磬֪ΪʲôͻȻˡʹǧϳϣҲôˣ²ݵĳޡ
ںľ棬ʧȥ棬ȻǧټƵȥһء
ŷߵǧǰ΢۾˵֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪ǧѵ³֣ȷʵ֪ǧȷԼǵһκ͹ŷ棬Ҳûн
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ڹŷ绰ЩףɻʵʲôɢǸطʲôطСʲôҽżҺϤһ
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פյȻȶżҸЩĸഺפֻҪϢһɢȥԻΪʵѵġ
ȻŹŷ缤˵治֪ôлźá
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ΪŭϣȻɫһ죬Ȼֱ˽˹ŷĻУһ˫촽͵һ


87 ⻼
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Լĺץڴ˵Σɫͨ죬޴վʵܲԼǵ۹⣬ܽ˷䡣
ٻѩɫֵֹģĺһŴ硣
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ʱһ˽һӲõϢˣϰ壬Щٿ»ᣬҪܿϰеȨ
ƾʲôٷ֮ʮһĹȨҵУǾԲܳҵĹȨƾʲôܿҡЦһ㵹ǲġ
֪ʲôԭ򣬺ҽٷ֮ʮĹɷݽ˶ǧЩеĹɷݣѾΪռŵһˡϽͣɫ
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ڴвͣⲽŸֿܣȴԼûа취ӦΣ֡һŮˣӵôļţܶ˶ţҲһ飬ƽʱãһһʰ
飬㲻õģҸһѴ绰Ӧа취ŷͻȻڣڳ˶һ㶡
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绰Ǳ߳ĬһᣬȻǿ׳ô֪ôõһʻͲţ棬첻١
ҵǿ٣ҪҪԣŷɫһڣȻˬ˵
绰Ǳ߸ǿ׳һɲ볢ԣ뵽ǿ׳תƻ⣺˵ЩϻˣŮµϼںΣգҪҪҰһѣ
绰ŷ˵
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߼ǿ׳ŷ˵һ̫ı飬Щˡ
߼ңǿһʵĴ壬ʵǿںҡ
̫ˣи߼Ҳ룬ϰͿԷˣҿǶǧﻹôڡϲ˷ܵ˵
ŷͷ绰绰ȴ
һİĺ룬˵绰洫һϤŷ磬ʲôϵ
ԭϿװҲ֪ˣŮˣҪæŷЦ˵һ绰͸ðˡ
š
ĻӦһԷҵ绰
˭̲סʵŷ񶼲һˡ
һñæΣӦøýŷ˵
ñԼԴеתˣڻҪ˵һñ϶ᱻ˱ǴӹŷĿ˵ȴԵôȻ
ɫӵĶŹŷ磬һʲôˣ
ˣ⻼ˣǣĻҿ԰㴦ǵ顣ŷϴһĨصЦ⡣
û˿ԥ˵ͷڶڹŷޱȵΡ


88 ɱ
ϼŻУǧڶ³λ棬վ꺺ӣ̫Ѩ߸¡һ֪ڼҸ֡
ۼ׵ĶǿԼĿг˾ηǧ쳣㡣
ȨĴĿУǧһҰĵˣȻԼô꣬һֱװһ竣ֻڼУ̫ˣܲãԲһֱ̣ʱʹֶΣƿϼţױ
ԺϣܹúҵĹǴҵϣҶǧϣҲʲôͬ𣿡ǧɨ׵һȺˣЩ˱ɫ
һȺ˺ԥĵͷǧдһĨη
ͶˣҲһܽˣٱǸǿˣֻҪúõĸңҪʲôģǵĶһ㶼٣ȻĻٺ١ǧЦһȺ´˸£ǸոռʶǧֶΣԲŻôʵ

ҵűһ߿ŷ˽
ôŷ絭ʵ
ŷĳ֣ǧɫһ䣬һ˿η塣һԼˣʱ
ĺܲҡǧԣһ㲻ʾ
ȥɡ
ŷĮȻ˵ֱһ̤ǧǰȻһֻԴ
ǧ꺺ɫһ䣬ֱӵڶǧǰŷӲһǡ
ŵŵš˺˼ŷг𾪣ǿһ۷ߣ֮£ȻǹŷĶ֡
ֻ˿ԸоŷҲһ磬սȴǿˡ
µ˭Ϻʡż֮ˣѵҪƶż𣿡һ󺺿ڣɫȴûм֡
ŷǿ󣬺пһҲǶ֣Ȼȥ
ǧᣬ˵ŷɫг𺳡ͻȻ뵽һţʱ̲סǹŷ磬ǸͽʡҽԹĹŷ硣
ʲôڳ˶һ£ǰ꣬ȻǴ˵еǸˣڽȵ棬Ҫɱǿޱȡ
ŷͷ꺺ҲһҪ֪ŷлɱһߵı뺷սȻ˵ȻһҲǿ󣬵ǶϹŷǿˣҲ
뵽Ǹûսˡ
ʶҾͺãаٷֶʮĹɷݽҲɱ㣬ȻĻٺ١͸ղŶǧĻһֻǹŷ˵ȴ
ǧɫ࣬ŭŹŷ磬ͺŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫֡
ĿһۣŷʼЦ˵Ҿ͹ˣҧҰ
ڳ˶̲ס¶һĨЦ⣬һЦ˳еĵѾȫʧˡ
ǧƵޣ֪ŷݵĻͲֻҪһ߻ˣҪˣֻںѾˡ
ŷȻЦһ˫ԽԽ䣬öǧпףǰٷ֮ʮĹɷݣŷԲŹпܵɱ
ֻǶǧ̫ˣյֵȨƸûȣͳȥˣƵҪɱ
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ǧŷͬǧǩ֣ٷ֮ʮĹɷݵ¡
ˡ
ǧŷ磬˼ԣԼˡ
ŷ˵ͷȻһסǧֱӴӴ˳ȥͻȻı˶һҪ֪Ƕʮ¥ˤȥĻﻹл
һɫ䣬ŭһŷˡ
ŷ絲סˣȻתһֻסһһߣȻǾУҲ˳ȥ
ж¶𾪵һĻҴ֪ˣǶʮ¥ǻ书Ҳ⡣
㲻˵𣿡ҲһЩĵ˵
ƲƲ죬ŷɨһڳĶ£ȻЦſڣûҷˣû˵ǴߣҲһѡ񡣡
ˣ׹ŷûзŹ˵Ĵ㡣
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߼ҡ³ϵĿ׼ңѾǼźˣǲõԼ⵽ʧͬʱÿʱ䣬һפյ볡ʸֻмܵѺѲӵСһ˵ЩЩ¾ϲı飬ŷ뿪ҡ


89 ¥ɱ
ڹ˾棬ŮԱԹŷͶԺĿ⡣ɥżһҶ֪ڱˣûкɫ˵һˡ
ȴһһ״ܣúܶǷǡԱģȻ֪Լ񲻿ܣǿеŮ񣬺ͱһǻǻ᲻
߽³칫ңϣһ˫Ӷڹŷϣ˵㵽һʲôˣ
֪ŷһüϴһĨаЦ
˵ͷ˵㲻ҽ书ãЩңһˣͻȻߣҵȻ֪
ŷüëһЩߣΪǱġ
𣿡һ˫ˮĶŹŷ磬ȻųһĨЦݡͶŷĻУһ˫޳ֱ۱ס
ϲ㡣
ૣһħ䣬ŷ̧°ͣ촽ȥཻ˲Ϊһ塣
ǶתΪңŷ壬ʮ룬һȻʵʵıס
ǱϣЩŹŷ磬ʵΪʲô֪ŷΪʲôͣѵԼ̫ˡ
뵽ЩԱģϾԼʹ˹ŷô࣬ӡ
ŷһЦ˵첻㡣
ղͻȻĴˣܽԭʼ˶
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ŷЦָָһƵ˵ô죿
һȻɫһͻȻȥ⿪Сֵܵͷȥ
һůĸоŷижḧ㷢ᵽ˼㡣
ŷڷУٯٯһֻصŮʱĸо˱Ҹˡ
ԭûκθôáȻ飬Ƕ˵͹ŷȴǳĸоҸ
ˡ
ͻȻ칫ҵű죬ŷһ¶һĨЦݡ
˭üͷʵ´棬ȴϣȻġѾ˭һᶼҪԷÿ
ܣмλҪ˵ǹ˾һ㡣
Ļüͷһ壬Ȼ֪ĿġЩĵŹŷ磬ڸô죿
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ԥһ£Ȼ˵ͷڶڹŷǾԵΡ
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Ŀ˴ͷŮһۣû뵽澹ȻôƯŮˡ
ܣܣλֳΪ˫ܵ
¶һĨְҵ΢Ц񵭵˵ֳɡ
һȺ˽ŷ羹Ȼڰ칫ֳ֮ɫһ䣬Ȼüͷû´Ļε飬͹ŷѲ˹ϵ
һߵ鷳ֹҲףûа취ٲȥˡ
ˣšŷЦĴкǣڰ칫棬վûվֻһЦĴ˸к
ɫһڣ˵ٺ˵ĻСҶ㲻
ɫҲЩ죬ŷǰƺŮΪţǶ𣿻һ㶼ںĸܣ뵽жµܡ
ļ죬Ҳϳ˹ŷ磬֪Ǿֳġݡŷ纰Ǳţɫ죬ȻһЦ¶ղЦݡ
ôƤ޻ҪҲУٺ٣Ҷϲġŷ绵˵
۾Щˣֱͳǹ׼ŷ磬һӡ
ˣŷֱӱ죬һӣ˵㣬ǹһ߻˾ͲˣȻ㱣նûд򿪡
ǿЦãŷһӣһС
Ҿһ䣬ϼ¥µǲɱģɫǿװƽʵ
¶ŵɫ¹ŷ˵
ŷһɻͻȻվȻߵǰ棬·ȥһӣ˵澹Ȼˣ찡˭Ȼô죬ɱˣţһҪҳ֣ȥԩ
һʹļ׵ӣڳ鴤һҲ̫װ˰ɣɱˣһҪҳֵӣ˿Цá
ǶŹŷ磬ֱһǹŷɱģȴû֤ݣҾ֤ݣҲץŷ磬һ裬ɵƻ̫ˡ
˼һ£ǵ˵ˣ㲻õˣɱ¥ģûˣܴˡ
ֱӽԣ׷ˡ
ڳ˶ĿɿڴһŵɫҪ֪ǿ˽ƵģھȻ˽ˡ
תɨ˼һۣɫһ㶣ϽӦ˵Ǿ飬ȷʵɱġ
˵ЩǵͷߣԱϽ
ɵˣҲɵˣŹŷ磬һĹ顣
Ҫô磬Ầߵġŷһ˼ӡ
񣺡


90 Ԫ
˶뿪֮еԴ׵˵кܶ𣿡
ŷɴ۾ֵ˵ûкܶడ
һȣһţ࣬㻹Ҫ˵Щһ̫̰˰ɣôŮˣȻ˵ûкܶࡣ
Ϊԭ򣬲ŷŮˣ̫ˣҲ᲻˵ġ
ϾŮڰ鷽涼˽ģԸͱ˷˵ġ
ĻŷҲЩΣҲȷʵ̫һ㡣ŷƤεɫֻһţһѱס˵иԭûи㣬Ϊ书һעҪҺܶŮˣҲġ
书ԭ򣿡һ㶡
ǣ书Ԫ˾ֻ֮кŮ˫ޣƽϢڵֱ֮һӰ죬һŮǲҵģұҼŮˡŷ˵⵹Ǽٻ
׵꣬ΪĸףûұŮˣľҽϼһԵǿȹһؿڣȴûȻˣҲüһˡ
ô̲סһ䡣
ڵըըķǡŷʼ˵һ
Ͻ˵֪ˣģԺ󲻻ֹȥŮ˵ģһҪ֣ˣ㿴Ѿͷô
ȿȡ
ŷ㱻ԼһڿˮǺסû뵽˵ԭ֮Чôã񲻽ԭԼˣһԼŮˡ
ԴŷЦõ˵ãֲûи飬ѹǰҲᶯĵġ
˼ǣи顣Щϲ˵
ŷһָֻķĺ촽Ц˵˵أ
һ죬˹ŷһۣ㻵
ʱ˿̣ﻹһŮǿˣһ׹밮ӵСŮˡ
ϺʡżңͥȻѾʮˣȻӣһŭһͷһ쳣¡
˭ɱۣͥ
һ˳ɫߵ˵ǧǱͷɱģǸ˽ŷ磬һˡ
ŷ磬Һ֡ͥ˼
ǰһʱƷңҪɱǸˣǹŷ硣ѵ
ͥɫһҲˡɫ˸ŭ˵һһ߶ѣȻ˲ϴȥɱ
˾ǶͥĴӶƽʱöͥϲұҲǶǿߣһζżҼĲѡ
Լ׵Ļɫһ䣬Ͻ˵ףǸŷ粻ΪǣȻսܸߣǶһ˾ɱֻһˣȴòǡ
˭
ǿ׳߼͹ŷǺѣժ¥͸˹ŷ磬һηֽ׺УҪɱŷ磬ȴ߼նǲòɫص˵
ͥɫһ䣬߼Ĵ壬˭ҲԸҾͬ˵һ㣬Ǹ߼Ҳ֣ľͲһˡ
뵽ͥɫЩѿ
Ĭãſڵڸô죿
һ⣬˵ӿϵ߼ңѯǵ̬ȣ˵ϾСǲܲ
ãͽˣ߼ҲʶȤĻ˾ȫ濪սҿ϶ֵġͥЦ˵
˵ͷ¶һĨϲɫ
˿˶Ի϶һĨʣżңĵλܼüء
ŷ񷵻رȻ뿪ˣֻûжԶоԼ˸ˡ
תȥһ˸ûԼмڶԷϣŷܵһļµϢ
һֲǿߣǳͬһ㡣
ŷ۾ŶԷʵ˭
㣬˵Ŀڣһ˫ûκڹŷϣܵһѹ
Ǹ϶ûŷɫЩ졣
Լˣ뽭ϵһŦ⽭Թͬʱ˷˵ˣȥء
ŷû뵽ԷȻԼѵԼɽвˣ뵽ŷ¶һĨŹֵЦݡҪ֪٣ûԼ
뵽ٺһЦ߰ɣǣȥ˵еķ١
һ㶣ŷдһĨݣȻ˸ҲĺֵܣоЦ
Ƿٶǧ˺ǰˣԲһƳɶԷ
һ仰û˵תߡ
ŷƲƲ죬Сֹľͷһ˼ûС
˶ͷһɭȻתͷݺݵĵ˹ŷһۡŷһηӣĶӡ
ԼԹŷûӰ죬˵Щ죬ûж룬ܿתͷȥ
Ҫ֪ҵ˭ͲΪԼŵˣ׽ŷּС˵
˽ŲһԣɫڣһҪ˹ŷĳ嶯뵽ٵķԸֻţǰٵţֻҲͷԼҲʹ졣


91 
˿ߵĺٶȴ쵽˼飬ʱһѾʮ֮ˡһֲֿı֣سɴ磬ֲʹõֶΡ
ŷа˵õ˼£ܸ˵Ľֲ࣬ᱻͨ˿쳣ȻĻڴͻȻߵô죬ԻΧ۵ġ
ǲԸⱩ¶ͨǰŷҲһ͵
һ·Уһǰ棬ſվ߹Ŀⶢڹŷϣǵһ
ŷ粻ˬˣֱӵ˻ȥɫ
˷֮ĶûֹվһߣȻҪЦ
һ˵ı֣˼ˣ˶һۣһ˿ڵĹܴĵط𣿻Ͻ
ŷɫһһۣ¶һĨҲϢſڹͷǹ˵ġ
˵겻ѿɫŷ
˵Ҫ۵ġһ䣬Ӱ嵽˵ǰȻһƳ˳ȥ
ԷֻоǰһӦ㱻һƳϣʮתȻ˳ȥ
ݺݵڴϣ³һѪ˹ȥ
һŭԥ֣һȭ˳ȥ󣬴ŷλá
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ŷߣͬһȭ񱩣񷣬ȭͷײһǸҽУɳȥ
ڵϣڿѪȻܵش
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ҲһȻɫŹŷ磬˰ɣ
أŷ練ʣϴųЦ˵Ϊһ֣ôûзȣҲˬֱӳ֣αñˣö𣿡
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ҴֻЩҪҲʹ죬ҾͲˣôСôΪһֵģҪҵ鷳ܹԼ֣ѵ㻹һһߣܴӮֲɡŷЦ
Ŀ絶ǷҲ㣬Ϊ㻹վź˵
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Ӵֹŷ磬Ҫһ㡣
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ӱ߳һߣֻɫãһȣģĲС
˾Ƿ٣ҺֵĹͨͬʱֵĶԹġֻùŷû뵽ǣ챻ӹߵĺ꣬Ȼϳˣʱܲһ
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Ȼ֪ԷݣŷҲƶԷˣʮǿߣĵĵλܸߣȫһʦܵڶĤݡ
뵽ŷֱ򷨹٣ʵͷʲô
ͷƺ÷һ£Ȼ¶һĨЦ֪Լڵӣͷͦʵġ
ûб飬ֻ㣬̫ˣһʱ䣬Ĳ̫ƽٿЦ˵
ŶʲôҪ˷𣿡ŷ۾һȤʵ
ٿЦż˶һУΨ²ңԼһҹŷҪ㣬һöûаɡ
뵽Ծ̹׵˵ڳˣأںܶ˶ͷۣôܽ鷳
֣ŷ۾ˣϲ˵Ⱥ˵¶ͷˣ̫ˣҪҼͷϢԻܾϲġ
ŷĻٴʧɫϽ˵һ£ǧֳɽ
Ϊʲôŷգգ۾Щʵ
ٷֽԼЦĴһ껹Ҫ࣬͵һȾڴ鷳Ҫ󣬿ĶΪԭ򣬶
ŷɴ۾ôԼͷһ㣬Ҫ˵ֻǳɽͻĶҲ̫һЩ˰ɡ
ŷӣپ֪ţ͵ֿ϶ûне鶼㣬Ҳ˵ֻһ飬־һߵҵҵȫΪĸףлкܶ飬ҲҸ㣬ȥȥ
ô˵ŷЩʧͷӵġԻ͡ȥĺܸȤ
ˣ֪ˣһ䣬ڵѾˣҷһɢǴӶżҵϵõģ㶮ҵ˼ŷ˵꣬תߣҲܷѿɫ
ŹŷȥıӰٵĲϵһ⣬³֣żҡ


92 ׼˫
ŷصѧУѾˣûлᣬȥ˽ʦᡣ
ٻſǹŷʱ򣬶ʱ¶һĨЦݣȻֱͶ˹ŷĻ
ֻһ˲䣬ٻɫˣڹŷŵŮ˵ζȴû˵ʲôֻǽŷ籧ĸˡ
뷿䣬ٻϹŷĴճյ˵ҡ
һҹ飬Я߳¥ʱ˶¶ЦݡٻٵȻҲ̲סɫͨ죬ݺݵĵһ͵ЦĹŷ硣
ѧУһʳУ˳극Ȼֿ
ŷصժ¥ǿ׳Ҳڡڵһ仰ǣŷ磬ˡ
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ɫĵŷ˵ϴҰѵˣСӲ£֡
ү
ǿ׳ƣһ˹ɫٺһЦ˹ȥ
Щ켸һ𶼻ˣ̸޼ɣЦŭѡ
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ǿ׳ɫص˵ǲɱ˶ǧ
ڸǿ׳ǰûʲôģŷ˵ͷֱӳˡһʵżѾ֪ˣҪҶǲǣ
ŷѾ³ˣǿ׳˵ͷЦżϵǣ˵Ҫ㶯֣ʲô̬ȣǵĻżҲ߼ҿս˵ǿ׳һ£Ȼŷ磬˵Ҵ󲮵˼ҪǸ߼Թۣ㱣ֻ֤ҪΣգҵ֣һġ
ã㲻ùˣһżңвңҪһ顣ŷȻܾǿ׳ѣϿŻ־Ͼǿ׳һҪǵ̫ࡣ
ǿ׳ҲףŷǲΪѣижæʵʲô飿
סż죬֮Ǹ׺У޻ءŷ˸űɱɢǿҵš
ǿ׳ŵĶŹŷ磬ôǿšǿ׳̲סѵһιĿλߣɶżҳӶΪףһľߣҲҪɵְ
ûϵֻҪʱ͹ˣ֮󣬳ǾżˣȫҪŷŵ˵
ǿ׳һҧУҾͰס졣ѡŹŷ磬ʵڲеĻǿ׳Իᶯüе֡
ΪһѣԼȥǿ׳ȻڴУǶЩ꣬ıʲôҪ
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ǿ׳Դְһƣ͵תȥŭɫ
һɫ͵ϮϺվԶȻһı˵ǲ鲻ԸӣǲǹŷϴҴΪãҪʶԼĴ󡣡
ǿ׳ҧгݣݺݵĶɫǲǻҪм㰡
ӷ𣬷үˣ˻رֻຣǾ͹ˣ㲻øмҡɫ˫ֺʮׯϡ
۾һ˵ӡֻװɫȴûз֣ǿ׳ѾߵԼߡ
оԣһۣһȭͷǰŴ󣬶ǿ׳ŭϣҴΪҺãңҴͷ
ŷվһߣҡҡͷ̾Ϣɻ
ɫ棬Ÿǿ׳ʲôӦˡ
ɣҳȥһ¡һʱ䣬ŷЦ˵
ǿ׳ĶͣһֻֻǰסɫȻ󿪿ʵʲôȥ
ͻơ
ŷЦ˵һ⡣
ǿ׳ɫһ㶣ûжʣɫٺһЦԼĶɫҽУãɫ࣬һòͨССĴҩ˳Ȼݸ˹ŷ硣
Сһ֣ŷоϢСתһȣһ䣬ȻĽһγһ̫
ݣȻΪĵرŷ̲ס̾һм˵лˡ
ԼˣûбҪôżҵĲҪҰæһ䣬ղŹŷѾżҵ飬ȴûҪæ
ŷ緸գϾͻƵ˶ߵľ磬ԷҲˣһս壬ռơ
ŷЦ˵һȺ߹ˣûʸ֣Ҳһˣһѣ޷ĵӣھҲڶУˣԺɨЩˡ
޷ĵӡһ¶һĨЦ˵ѹôģȻĻҲˣȥλ˫ȥɣΪǻ
л塣ŷлĵĸм
ṩķУһŮڴϣɫЩŷ˽һ죬Ŀɬҿŷһۡ
ǿʼɡŷ˵һ䣬ȻʼԼ·
Ķʱһ̲סеҪʲô
·ŷһԻı飬üͷ˵·ô˫ޣ㲻
ɴ۾Ȼҡͷż˵㲻˵˫޲ǲǸ𣿡
ĸŷһ׵ӡ
ǸǸż˵
ŷҡҡͷûи˼ʼ磬Ȼ·
˫ֱأһĻʵ̲סڴ˳ǿˡ


93 ؿζ
ãôˣһŲŶ롣
ŷ·ʱ۾ˣֱһȭŷ磬һͷαһֲ
ŷüͷһ壬ͬһȭ
ȭͷײһʮ༸Ҳŷֻ֣ǸһǱоԼˣһӴԼֵûС
˽ŷЦЦȻŭĿӵˣЦ˵ŷˣ˫ޣ˻ǣԱɢȣŷ·Ϊɢȣ
Ҳ㣬ǶƭӡŭȻţҪ
ŷޱ飬Ȼߵǰ棬һȥҽһ
ҪҸ硣е
һۣŷƵ˵ôôܿϣԼҲǲ֪ģٻҵŮѣҪЩʲôĻҲ㣬ԼٻƯ
ûСŷô˵Щˣǲòϡ
ȴһߺߺȻŵ˵ҲؿζأϲĳŮ
ؿζŮɫڣôԼҲСŮһöоȻ˵ôֱӽͷ㻮˵Ⱥš
뵽ֱӴӴˣȻĿɿڴУԼһٿߡ
ؿζŮҴ쵰硣һ߿Լĸ磬һŭΧ˿Ŀɿڴͬʱһ⡣
ҲһǧҪŮòȻ׸磬Ҳ׵ġ
Ҵˣ㲻ǳŮŷҲؿζɣҲˡҽеֻ˵Ļðʲôɣѵô
뵽ָˡ
֪ǹĻˣһֱ޷ܵĿܶûС
ΪһŮӵһֱͷֹͣ˶
ӣͻȻҸôˣͷҸôˣ
һ̲סЦ˳Ǳһֱۣ˹ȥ
¶һĨЦݣȻ۹ɨɨڳˣоһ
Ů̫£ͷ
ȿȣȳȥɣ˫ޣǸģұ֤ŷԲؿζġһһЦʱСȥ
ûȵһʰֱӳ˳ȥȻŹϡ
ʼɡɫ˼ΣȷŹǣȰ°Ҫ
ŷͷ·ѵֻʣһСãɬУڴϡ
ɡŷƽ˵ѾԼ̬˫޲ܳһٲ
ԵЩŤī˰ϴȻҲѧŹŷȴ֪һô
ŷ罫ڴߵֱ˿УȻھ׽ȥȻ˲Źŷ֫ٺ
˫֡ŷȵʶĽ˫˳
ŷֱֻӵס˫֣תͬνˮһ㣬С
ʱƺһҵʹ˹ȥ
ʶҪ֣ȴ˵Ǳһһͳ
ЩĻţҵʹСŤˡ
Ǳؾʹֻ࣬ҪһιȥˣԺġŷ翪˵ɫЩ죬仰òƺ塣
۵ȥŷչѿһû˼ôࡣ
ʹ࣬ʹǿҰٱ
ŷĻҲǼǿҧ֣ȴŷ˵
ʮӺʹͻȻʧȡ֮һĸоһϢУ޸Ϊǿпٶľ
ŷѵڵԷڣ
Ҫܡ
ܵ񣬹ŷһȻײһ
ʱһˮ齻ڵĸоǴͬһݺݵһ𣬲ҡ
һΪĸо˵齻һ𣬸ܵԷϲŭ֣һУȫûһ˿
ľۼ˵ǣ֮£ͻȻһ˲侹ȻǺӵСȻûõΣг֡
Ҳ̫˰ɡһš
ŷҲ쳣ȣ֪˫޻鷢ȴû뵽Ȼ쵽ز
Уû壬Ȼãȴʵڡ
ԼŷЦ˵ңҲ֪ô£ǿԿ϶һ¡
£
ɫɻЩס
ܵڲͣ׳󣬹ŷͷЦ˵Ͳģ϶Ǻ£֮ˡ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷȻȴЩ⣬̫ʱһǴӹһ󾪺
ŷЦſͻȻŮҲȫȻ޵Σ֮£ЩȻͲȴѾ糾Ůȴǲ֪˶١


94 ⾳
̫һζ˵жЩ̫㲻ʱ䣬֪˶ãͻȻ˶ߴһȣʱѣʱ
һɾ޴ˣ˲ɽת˷ӦʱѾع塣
˫Ѿֿվˣһĵɫ
˹ǲһЩµ˵ҿҷֵļʱ˾Ͳˡ
ʲô飿ŷɻʵڸоĺãתѾγַģȻѾͻƵ˶С
ӦûĲŶԣô˶һĵӣŷ绳ɵ˵ѵ˫޵ʱʲô
ǲ˫޵Ч̫ˣҪҼʱǣᱻǵŪıЦ˵
ôһ˵ŷŸоʹĸоʱȻ
˴ŷһϹϵ˵лл塣
һۣû˵㻹ҿŷһЦȴ˵ʲôˡ
´ˣ׼ְڴվʱ򣬺һȻˡһĲȣֱˤڵϣҪǱжǱ
ʧ룬ֻҵţʱľм׷ɣȻϬ˹Ǻ
ŷȴһվεĹתЩľм
ҳɹˡŵ˵ҪȴͻȻֱԴһӿӲӲ컨棬ʱһ˹ȥ
徲ˣȴޱȣǻľмѪС˿˳Ȼû̫˺ȴʹҪ
壬ôˣżʵ
ϲ㰡Ц˵ɵˣ⻹ϲʲôöɹˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷѾ·ڵϵһۣû˵ȻҪϲˣƽ޹ʵĶһһڼҸãֵùϲ𣿡
ʲô
׾ˣԼþȻһڼҸ֣ˣ̫ˡ
Ϊʲô㶵˵
˫㲻ΪֻеĻõôɣŮһõôúô࣬ΪͷβҪȥˡŷƲƲ죬ڵΪʾ޸С
һһüˡ
壬ȸˡŷ˵
ͷЦĿ͹ŷ뿪
һʱ䣬ѾǵڶˣǶż˵ʱ򣬸ܵǱڵŷ¶һĨЦ
óֻֻĶǶţǵģ񣬻нٻĪСǣʹŷʲô飬ʲôط
ижŷһ˻ȥʱ˺ܶȴû˽ӣֱܾ֮󣬵绰ű
һ˵𣬴һĨ⣺˭
ŷ˲˵˭ôĵ绰
Ǹ˵ͷǺųźǸУҪĻɽ绰Ǳߵ˵˵ĮһĨɭȻ
ң˺ʮ塣ŷŭ˵
ڴšźĻЩϷʣùŷһ
˵绰ŷֱӴһɽһƬڿеıֻѾͣһ˶ûУž
ŷ߽ȥʱȴܵһɱԼԥ㿪һӵովĵطһƬˮ顣
ԷȻĵҪɱֻǹŷȴҲ壬ͻƵ˶УһСֻҪǾǿԳ֣зɱԷ
ͷ¶βĹɣǹвҡŷ˵絶һһıɱˡ
û뵽㾹ȻͻƵˣżҴ˹Ȼͬ졣һ𣬴Ƕʮˣͷ˾ȻȫǶߡ
ʮˣһɫһߣݣԺɨһЩСһˡ
أŷʵûпɫʱ
Ϊ׵˹ЦϷʵ˵ǸˣȻҪȴòҵķӦֻֻˣȻû£ȴҪùˡ
ŷƤһЦҪɱң
ҵŮˣعѣҲݱ£ŷһ𣬱˺ңΪ˺ҵ棬Ц
źŷ絭ʵ
ǡ
źӦЦ˵֪ҵҲûãˡ
仰ʵҲ͸ġŷ絭˵
źһ㶣ʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˡͬһһ㣬˲Խʮ׵ľ룬źǰһȭ˳ȥ
ź̲סɫһȻץߵһˣԼǰ
ǸһĻᶼûУֱźըˣѪĽȾΧĵ档
ᣬź˳ԶֵŹŷ磬ǿʵסˡ


95 ֱ
߷Ӧһɱ˹
ŷ磬ڷ趯һս㣬ӭˡ

죬˸Զһֱɫʮŷ΢ȴԭأһ˫磬ɨڶ֡
ɱźһӣʮһΧ
ɫȻеǹꪣ趯ŷ֣ɱݺᣬʮһһɲ赲ƣҪݻһС
ŷһ˫ֱԲһ̫ͼ֣ɢſֲϢһ貵ĺһ㣬ҫۡ
Ҷء
̫ͼɢſֲϢһ̣ض·𱻽ˣ綼Ҫߵһŷ̫ͼѹ¡
ʮһߣһ˲䱬飬ѪȾء
ǿĳʮһֲ쫷磬߶ķ˳ȥ
ŷһսһ㣬ڣ̤ɱλߣҪɱǡ
֡
ź𣬸ܵвҲ˲ÿ־壬λǿ߳ˡ
Ѫն
һѪͣɢűɱɨˡ
ź˵ĹƣǺɳȥȾѪ
޷㵽ʲôˣźŭӡ
µȥɡ
ŷĮ˵ӶѪɨˡ
ͷ­׷ɣȫսһʣ
ɱЩˣŷû뿪һ˵ɣ֪ˡ
һ˴һ߳һ£òԨһ˫ǳŹŷ粻֪Щʲô
һֱߣĬĬıҲ²㵽ʲôŷЩźӵϣһԲϾҪֵͷ
ɫƽ˵ֻҪΪȥܣػס
һҿϲŶ԰ɡŷɫЩ
ɫһ䣬˲ָƽ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôû飬Ҿ뿪ˡ
תҪߣŷȴ¶Цݣų򡣡
Ųͣסתһ˫ӽĶŹŷ磬˵˵ʲô
˵ųֻųŲԼ飬˵ĻھͲӦȥɱңеŮļһŷЦӶӣǳ
ŭһɱ죬ֹŷ磬һ㡣
ҪɱңҪûǸʵˣһųˣƾҲҵĶ֡ŷЦӷ

ӳˣƿ񱩣һȭҪһ㡣
ŷɫأ˫̫ͼסӵһȻٺˡδվԷһȭ˹һնڲҪһ
һ̬ŷʩչǧһʱ̶˹ȥͬʱ˳һѪɨӶӲӣϽ˹ȥ
ٴγ˹ƮɣݺݵһưһֳֻͣҪĨɱŷ硣
ơ
ŷŭѪײһ
飬ѪϣŷһѪ̫֮ˣһλھ磬еٮٮߣһո̤붥ߵľ磬Ȼսǿ󣬵һ󾳽Ĳ࣬ȴԽ
飬ɱ
𣬻һѰѽɫ䣬ЯľɱҪһ㡣
Ҷء
ŷŭ̫ͼҶأ棬򷨲֣ס䣬ɫȴˡ
ϱ̫ͼķɽ𽣣Ȼӡ
սҳȫ㡣ЦҲ˹ȥ˲ײһ
˲˽ʮϰٴΣȻͬʱˣ𾪵Źŷ磬սȻκβùŷ磬˴һƽ֡
ˬŷЦٴγ˹ȥ
ǿСԼԸҩϴ跥ë֮⹦ǿҲɱȻ޾κˣȻԷ߳һ󾳽硣
üëһҲŷ缤еİһԲٴγɱһ
ͬͷ͵Ұһ㣬ÿһз֮ڶԷϷһ죬Ǵһ㡣
˷֣ŷս죬ԽսԽ£úӶˣоԼĵ쳣أѾϹŷ繥Ľˡ
뵽һ񣬱ŷһȭϣ׷ɳȥݺݵʮԶĵϡ
ʱʤѷ֣ӿЦվ·û˵ʲôֻϵϢȴͻȻ˱仯
һ̣תϢɲ⡣
ͻˣŷЦʵ
˵ͷӿŷЩӣ̾һӦͻˣֻǲԼģҪлֵָܵ㡣
лҾͲˣúõıţһֱڣԺ§ڿ˯һ̤ʵˡŷ绵Ц˵
ӿЦȻ˵ͷͻ˾磬ԼģȴеǷػ
ǵŮˣ§ڻУζ費ܣпɬ뵽


96 ͬѧ
ŷͻȻ¶һĨɻɫźʵôѵ˵ıץˡ
ҡҡͷûУֻǿ͵ֻԸûֻͬʱЩ˸ˣȴû뵽绰Ա￴һϷ
ͣŷԼ˰죬˵ϷˡƵӣȻֱһָ
ӹЦǿŷԱӣܿġ
˸ϻұˣھֵľ磬ŷ綼ܲ
ŷ罫ֻݸʱ쳣ȣΪԼֻҲء
ҵģʵ
һ˼񵽵ģȻҴ˵绰Ұֻ˻ŷѲ죬֪ҵ飬ʡġ
Ц˵ҪллǸˣֻкܶҪͻĵ绰˺鷳ġ
ţѾлˡŷЦ˵
ʱͻȻסŷĴȣȻһί˵ŷ壬һҪѽ
ôˣŷʵ
СһίĿԼһۣȻ󿪿˵ϲϵһŮ̸ʦʦһʱҳȥ費Ըȥŷ𣿡
ŷĿɿڴһЦõӣ˵ͷ˵û⣬һȥİɣŷһģİ顣
ģµɴ˺ڱʯһ۾ĵʵ
ŷ˵ͷЦݣŷ˵ŵĻ
֪СһȴƲƲ˵ƭСģŷ㵱С
һСˣŷƵӣȻ쳣ĸСһһ
СԴһߵԼĸ׿ߣ裬Ҳܹˣұҡ
ʱˣɫһ˺졣
˹Ц쳣ܰľһһĳӿһĻͻȻչһЦҲֻǸ꣬ôҸɡ
ұŷٻ˸绰֪СŮڹ֣˹ȥ
ģ׺жһָģʮ㲻ͬƷ˿ۻҡ
ٻһŮվſڣȴŷĵ
һ⳵ͣ˵ǰŷ߳ţʱýٻ¶һĨõЦݡ
ٻߵŮɻĴŹŷ磬ȴûдϿκرĵطòһ㣬ͲǸӵܡ
ʶһ㣬Ů¶һĨĵɫ
ŷ籧һ£ҲŮˣʱһ£ȻЦʵλǣ
ŮһۣٻΪŷܵҵͬѧҵѹŷ磬ʶһ¡
ܽŷܸԼͬѧʶٻǷǳ˵ģŷĽΪŷŮˣٻоԺ
ȴûз֣һĨĵɫ
ŷ翴ˣȴû⣬ǽٻѣΪԼýٻΪѡ
á
ŷ֣ɫһ㶣Ȼסŷֻֻ֣ǸһӴĽַſˣȻӰóһʪ˲֡
Ķٻɫһ䣬̲ס㡭
ʱ򣬹ŷٻ֣Ҫ˵ˡٻסûѺʵĻ˵ֻһȴѾ
ڽٻ˵ŷ磬ȿҪŭ
ôˣٻٻɻ̧ͷ֪ٻͻȻʲô飬ȻûʶԼΪѾٻķŭˡ
һٻ˵û¡ЦѾʧˣȡ֮һ־ǧ֮Į
ûиоһЦ˵ȥɣ۲һȥԷ
ʲôٻЩɻʵ
ʵͬѧۻᣬǽ೤ǹûиģ㵽ʱһϲЦ˵ȻܵԼΪ
֪Ҳϲֻٻüͷˡ
ȴЦЦһ§סٻ˵ԷΪʲôȥ͵ĵص϶²
ȥɣ׳԰׺ôռ˵飬ٻٻ㶼Ը⣬̫ɵ˰ɡŷЦ˵
ŷĻһ˿ĵٻٻѼȻô˵ˣ㻹ȥ˵ȥˣͬѧԴŶ
ٻԥһ£һ۹ŷ磬Ȼ˵ͷ
¶ĵɫһҽٻģһҪýٻμͬѧۻᣬڳɹˣȻܸˡ
һһ΢ЦĹŷ磬뵽һᵽͬѧ͵Ŷ˰ɡ
һν۲ͬѧĿΪʲôȻܹ²⵽ŷ³
ٻȻӦ˲μͬѧᣬЦ˵Ȼȥһɡ
ٻ˵ͷȻסŷһֻ첲ڲȥ
ί˹ŷ磬û뵽ˡٻСڹŷ˵
ЦһЦŷĹһ½ٻСӣ˵ϹôСİɣҲġ
ٻһȻһ۵˵Ϲá
ŷͻȻЦһ׷׶ŭĿӡŷȴ⣬ֱЩĿ⡣
üͷһ壬תĿһ۹ŷ磬Ȼ룬ɲֹϣ˵ע


97 ٻ
һ˼ٻȴһûŷг˱ġ
üԿٻǳһŷ磬ŷȴҡҡͷ˼ǲ
һŮϲĶˣиŷ˸塣ȴ֪ǹŷ𣬶ûпЩ
Сʱܿȥˣһ绰֮¶һĨϲ⣬˵೤ˣȹȥɡ
˶һۣ󣬹ŷ翴Щ졣ղ绰ʱ򣬶Է˵ĻǸνĽ೤ȻΪ˽ٻġ
ҪԼǽǣŷҡҡͷһǻˡ
߳һͣڱԱվһߴ꣬װģһ˿۾һ˹ĵӡ
ٻʱ۾һ¶һĨϲ⡣ٻŹŷĸ첲ЦݽסˣһĨŷг˲ơ
ֲƣܿ챻ιȥӭЦźӵһ£ȻٿٻЦ˵Ůô겻һӵе˵ȥɡ
ٻûп˵ŷ͵˵ԲλŮѲϲİκνӴ¡
üëһɫЩĶŹŷ磬˵λǣ
֮Щŵգٻû˵ֻǽŷֱĸˡ
ҽйŷ磬ٻٻѣҲ㣬ͺһŸɡŷ絭˵һĵӡ
ˣŹŷλŷֵǻ˵Ц֪߾ͣ
ҵ񣬷Ҫ˵ʲôְҵǿѧɡŷ˵
ͻȻЦмĿ˹ŷһۣЩ̵˵ԭǹδĶʧʧ½۲ٻͬѧʱ仹ֵָ̡ܶ
һۣŷƲƲûǸʸָ̡
˻һȻ۲ǸҲƣſ죬Ҫǳŷ硣ʱһߵȴˣһŭɫ˵ŷ磬㳤ģģô˵ô֣ˣ㾹ȻԲѷΪ˭һѧܺ˵ǿ㣬浱Լʲôˣ
ž
һİڳ˶סˡ
ֵĲǹŷ磬ǽٻ𾪵ˣ˵ܾˣӸղ͸ѣƢã㣬̲ˣҲκ㿴ǲǣȴ֪ȣһ϶㲻ϡ
óٻˣɫŭһ˵ôһùŷиж
ŷӦԼȻٻˣȻһֱͽٻװȣȴǿٻġۼǲܣԼڽٻ֮ϣȴԼһ򿴲˸ˣܡ
ٻ㡭
뱬ֻǻû˵㱻۲ˡ
ˣҪˣٻ⣬ұϾͬѧҲûпѵ˼ֻѵ˼㲻Ҫ֡۲˵Ļһ˵ڣͣȻٻȻԹޣȴû˵ʲôˡ
ҲᣬǺǣϾǶͬѧûбҪŵģλ೤㲻ҪȥԷɡŷ˸һתֱתƵԷȥˡ
۲һ⣬˵ͷ˵ֵûɣСƳȥɡ
ˣҵصˡŷȻܾЦеĳӣ˵ء
Ǹطһ˵һûȥժ¥֪𣿡ĵ˵Ȼ˸ղԼһԭ򣬾Ϊŷ硣
ˣٻüƽˣûĻҡҡͷժ¥ŷֹȥѾŷ˵ˣѾΪŷĲҵˡ
ûȥ߰ɣһѳǡŷɫЩŹ֣ܵԼĵϺԼҫ˻˼
۲˵ǵһɣһֵܵûʱҵĳӹȥʡǴ򳵵Ǯˡ
ٻɫһ㶣ҪڣŷȴЦ˵ǵǶлˡ
óֻǿ׳һ绰
ֵܣõĳһ£صġŷЦ˵
绰Ǳ߸ǿ׳û˿ԥ˵һ䣺ãӾ͵
ſһŮ˶ʱȴֱ·Ҫȥ
װģҪʲôȥϵŮ˲ʵ
Ůһۣǿ׳û˵ôʲôԹڴϵҡ˵仰ǿ׳ͳ˳ȥ
ӳȡǿ׳˳ȥ
ſڣɫЩ̵˵õĳǰذɣ
ûпһۣŷֱٻվһߣȴǿ׳ĵ


98 Ƿ
һŵĺɫܳͣߣǿ׳߳ȻֱӽԿӸŷ硣
ֵܣӸˣ档һǰ֪ʲô飬ȻҪȫŷ硣
лˣôȥŷԿףЦʵ
û£Ҽﻹһһ˿ҡǿ׳ν˵
ٻųӣ¶һĨ̾ɫƯĳӡ
˽ٻһۣǿ׳Ц˵λɩӰɣϲĻ⳵ӾˣҲֵǮ
һߵĽ۲Ƕڳ鴤ӻֵǮѾϳ˳ӣ˹ONEE-7ֵǧ
һߵƲƲ죬СֹʲôϷ
ס졣۲ͺһɫЩѿһϷ¾ȫҲ첻
һɫЩί
λ֪ôƺǽٻͬѧ۲ܲŵϰ塣۲ͻȻǰȥЩĵĺ͸ǿ׳к˫ַһƬ¶һĨϣɫ
ܺһ˳ϹϵԼδȻǺкôġ
ûп۲һۣǿ׳͹ŷ˵ɩӼȻϲ͸ɩˣҼĳӻв١
ǿ׳Ļٻʱһ˵Ҳ֪ӼֵƣȻա
Ͻֵ̫ˣҲա
ǿ׳һ㶣ٻдһĨͣи̾ԷΪǹŷ翴ϵŮˣջ󣬾ȻҲܾܾ뵽ԼҵЩŮˣһǮ۾ͷŹӣͻȻһִܸС
۲ǿ׳ӣȴ⡣ٻܾΪٻ֪ӵļֵ̲סѵӣټֵǧ򣬽ٻҪ
ʱǲҶԽٻ˿֮ˡȲ۹ŷжƾһͳǧӵѣͲԼǵġ۲֪֪֮ʲôԼﲻ
һۣǿ׳˵㻹е۹⡣
Ǻǡ
۲ͷȻһֺĸоڣһߵӶˣҪ֪Դӽ۲ҵ֮󣬾ͺ¶ˣȫ޷Ĵ
ˣ𳶵ˣϱҪӣͣȥԷŷƲ˵
⵹ҲǣǺðȥԷȥɣΧûʲôɿڵŮᵽŮ֣ǿ׳з̹⡣
һͻȻҲһĿӣܹϵĻҲҲ͸ԼһֵǧܳҲ˵
˷ֱ˳ժ¥ʻȥ
ŷ翪ųֿȣýٻЩ죬ŷļʻȣҪʮϵļʻܹ
СǸϵϲҸֶҰʱܿųȥˡٻϾ̾ɫŷЦŽ͵
ٻͷܿųʲôˡ
м𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
ԥһ£ٻ˵ͷμӹ֮󿼵ģȴ̫졣
ţʱ䣬һŷЦ˵
ٻûоܾ˵ͷϾ͹ŷĹϵŷһҲʲôҲڹŷΧڡ
ٻЩߵˣ˸ĶԸЦɡ
һ·ժ¥ժ¥һȺˣܳͣµʱ򣬶¶Ľɫ
ٻЩ֮ɫһ£ϳЩ˶ͬѧ
ŷ翴ɫʱȻ³ӣ˿ٻ֮סˡ˭Ҳû뵽˻ǽٻȻĹ֣ƶͬѧ
ѵٻˡ󲿷ͬѧͷôŷ磬Ҳһӣһѧ
ЩͬѧԥҪҪȥкٻŹŷ˹Ц˵Һðû೤ʱ䲻ѵͲʶˣ
һŮ˳ӹŴһ㣬òһִҹĸо˹һסٻǲʶˣǱˣôõĳ߳ôһ󸾣˭Ҹѽ
ŮӴȤţ˲佫˸ղһ˿ӦˣٻͬѧҲ˵ǰû뵽һʱûٻٻôˣҿҪüɡ
첻ô೤ˣٻٻ͵ˡ
˷׷״Ȥ˵ĽٻЩ˼
˹ŷһۣٻ˵ˣҵģѵģܳ
ٻôһ˵˶עתŷ硣òͨ꣬ѵȻһز¶ĸ𣿲Ȼôܻѡ
Һãҽйŷ磬ٻٻѡŷЦźʹҴкԵúУܹоЩͬѧ֮󣬽ٻȴǺܿġ
ֻҪٻģǾùŷ㹻ɣúƵ̬ȣԴȺˡ
ŷ磬ǲģһС˴Ⱥ˳һ§סŷļЦʵ
ݺҶ˵˲ǣôʡٻһۡ
ⲻǺЩ˾ز¶һһʧȥһʸ֦ĴûᣬԶʼ飬׼ûݺЦ˵һ㶼⣬죬ŷ繴ǹŷ粢У˵ûиܵһ⡣
ŷûдĻиܵһ˿ģùŷ׶ԷڿЦ
뵽ŷЦ˵⳵ȷʵǱ˵ģݺֵҪ֪ǲҲףǽѣӴʱ䳤֪ˡ
ǺãݺͽѡݺЦȻС˵ȴĴòٽժ¥Ŀ˶ת¶Ŀ⡣
ŷɨЩһۣ˱ɫϳŷݣǲҶ࿴ֱ˽ȥ


99 ݺ
ݺۼ⣬һĻʱһ⣬׹ŷԲ򵥡
ȴû˵ʱ򣬽۲ıͣȻӳ˳
ݺ͹ŷ繴۲һĨĽھ˵һ䣺ݺø
ݺһ˵ʲôøһ仰˵ûˣùߵģҪ͵ĵصժ¥Ҳ
⻰˵Ŀνһ㶼ڳȴ¶Ȼɫݺͽ۲һֱԸѧʱڣÿμҪǲ䣬ǲŽء
ŷ練ݺˣЦŭһ־磬Ĵηݺｫĳɾ;Բƽ
۲һ̬ûзֻǿЦԺмμͬѧġŷЩӣһĨη
·ϵʱ򣬽۲Ѿȫˡǿ׳ڹŷ̬ȣǶԴһƽȵѣһ־ηһͳǧܳ˾ηˣôܼ򵥣ŷԱȸǿ׳
һˣôǣڽٻ룬һ㶼ûˡ
ĶˣǽȥɣҳԸʹ죬浽ˬ۲һ֣˵
һȺ˺Ȼкãӵ˽ȥſڵͯͿ˹ŷ磬˹кȴŷֹɲԼݱ©ýٻͬѧǵ۹⣬ղҪΪ˴УҲøǿ׳ĳ
ܻͯ飬ŷ˼֮󣬾ȻȥкˣùŷͷдѶһ£Էӹʡ
۲һܴİ䣬ʮһ񻶣ȫû⣬λ˴ǮǾƲˣ͵ʮϡ
ֻĿȴûдﵽ·ɱһŷ磬òٻ
ŷ뽯ٻһЩͬѧһһͨкκĵطýٻͬѧкøС
ݺǺ͹ŷֵܣõļֱǴСͬһӵһ
ֳպܺгٻǸˣԭ£ǷģٻҲ⣬֮ĹϵҲһ㡣
ϧԯû˾ˡٻЩϧ˵
ǸŮӣأЦ˵ԯһһֱЩصģ˭֪̫˼ˣϵʽû
˵;ȻЩˣòȴһֿɰĸо
ϵʽŷӦ֪ԯı㡣˵ŷһݣٻǴһĨЦݣԯһҲʶԼĶڹŷĸ顣
ǵǲһʹŷҪȥ˵ôһСһûԭıܰЦ˵
һۣٻͻȻЩ죬͵ʵҺ͹ŷ粻Ϊʶģʵҵѧʶ󣬲֪ġ
˻һغɴ۾û뵽ٻȻʦŷ羹ȻѧҲŴ˰ɡ
ǷӦҪȡЦٻʱ򣬰ȴһ߿ˡ
һͷɫͷ˽ʮ󺺣һ¡ϴһɷȻͨеĺ֡
˽صɫһ䣬¶һĨź;µɫ
ӹһʹһɨͣݺϡ
ݺԱŹŷ磬ҲѾ֪ݺĴкӣµġ
ݺɫһ䣬Ȼվ˵ȴ۲סˡ
ƣҶͬѧαأ۲üͷ˵
Ƶɨ˽۲һۣŲм˵ʲôһȥû˵ķݣ˵ǸУ㹷ƨǣǸСƹ˾⶯ָͷʧ
㡭۲ָŲƣ˵
ݺӺվ˳վڽ۲ǰ棬ޱŲƣҪҵңҪǣˣǳȥ
ڳͬѧɫˣݺһҪǸǳȥˣûк³ڲƵֶΣǶ˽⣬ԲһĴ
һ£ȥͻȻһ䣬Ȼᶨߵݺߣһסݺ֣һ˫ӶڲƵϣ˱ĵɫ
ŷɴ۾û뵽ݺؾȻһԡһһǴҹ㣬ݺȻ˵ϳ󣬵Բ˧ӻߣȻһԣʵһʻţϡ
أԼݣɫ䣬ŭغ
¶һĨЦЦʲôݣδ𣿿ϧҴûͬŻ£ϲ˴ֻݺ
ô˵ɫѿ˼㣬ŭĶˣȭͷյĽģβ˵ջ仰üҲǰ顣
Ŀ˲һۣؿ³֣׳ա
ȫĲмһ˫۵СǣݺȫǼᶨɫݺжصǰԲơ
ȻҾͳȫǣҴߡŭһֵ֣Ĵ󺺾Ҫǰ˴ߡ
۲¶żɫʶľҪȥʱ򣬹ŷ˵ҿ˭Ҷ֣
ƽȴ̺һľϣʶֹסŲȻҶˡ
ʱŷȻǻȴɢһϣɨû˸ҺӣŵĲƣʱҲ̲סͷ


100 ժ¥ϰ
ȵƷӦŷѾ˹
ЩɫĶŹŷŭʲôˣûʲô飬òҪ֣
ݺѣ綯ң˵ûҵ顣ŷ˵˵ʵǰ²ֻɫûз
ʹоŷĲҲûг׷һҪѵݺ
ƵĻŷͻȻЦˣϷʵĶŲƣǸͣɱԣ˵ñ˻ûֵġ
ûֹŷͬʱ˲һۡ
ƱŭŪ
ǰŵȭͷŷ硣ղűŷһŵǸоûӣֵʱһ㶼û顣
Сġ
ٻͬѧȫѹŷ磬ͬѧһȻ֪򲻹ҲҪֻнٻһȻģЩ˸ǹŷĶ֡
顣
죬ĴԱʱٶȱˣȻˤڵϣ鴤ҽС
ŷ˿־壬ڸոһ˲䣬˵ͬʱŷһȭֲֿǾ֣ףǹŷ֣Ѿһˡ
ʣµʮ˼ͬʧҲǾȣһΧ˹
Ŀ죬ȥĸ죬ֱ׷ɳȥ䵽ǽϣһ죬ͷƤ顣
ʮ׳һ˲ͱŷˣ֣ɨһĿɿڴԼĽٻͬѧЦЩһҲ̫ˣҶûʹء
Ļţŷᵭӣ»ͬԼ˵ûء
ֻǹŷ˵Щ󺺴ٻͬѧȴҹͬԷǸ߸¡ļ⣬еһȭһͷţûѶȣҪǴĻǿֽĶء
Ǵ̫ǹŷ̫̬ʶ˿ŷ񶼲һˡ
ŷ˵꣬ĿתƣһĨϷʡ
ƻһ£־Źŷ磬ʲô˫ֱǰһηˣһַŮһ
һͣŷЩθһƳ˳ȥ
žһĶòƷӦһ޴ĺдĿдɱˣ
˶ĿɿڴһﲻڰɣŷֻһƶѣôķӦӾȻСز
ŷҲЩ㶣ȻһڲƵϣһͷ
ʱһȺ˽ʣ˭ժ¥¡
ǿŷʱȴסˣ˭Ҳû뵽ϰ徹ȻٿһڵϵˣЩﻹ֪ʲô顣
ӳֶߵŷǰɫ˵ϰá
ʣµЩҲһ飬Ͻűӳ˳ǿɲһıǸǿ׳£ǿ׳ժ¥͸ŷ֮ЩֶˣǸƷ
ЩȻףŷһֲܿˣǰĴϰ嶼ҪԴǿɲҵ
ٻЩͬѧԵɴ۾˼Źŷ磬ղǾȻЩŷϰ壬ժ¥Ȼǹŷġ
۲ĿɿڴͬʱϷ죬뵽֮ǰͨժ¥ŷ磬Ǿһطȥժ¥˼ˣҫ
Ҳá
ŷ絭˵ñӳһ
ɨ˱ӳһۣŷƵʵ֪Щôģ˵ǲ֪ҪַĻҵǲ⽫еıˣժ¥ַ
˻һȫɫǵνǵͣԲǱŷȥǾͲһˡ֮ǰӸǿ׳ҲΪŭ˹ŷ磬Ըǿ׳Ը˼пܵġ
뵽ӳϽ˵ϰ壬ǽʵΪסǣǰڵʱ򣬾Ͳǡ
ǿ׳ɵ⵹ùŷˣһĲƣŷʵ벻ͨʲôüɵġ
ʲôͷŷ絭ʵ
һ۰еˣӳǰڹŷС˵˵һҽĺ󱲡
ҽŷ¶һĨЦƷ˶ӵĺ󱲣ǸҽҲѾʵ˰ɡ
뵽˵ȫ֫ӳȥ´Ҫ˽ò͵ĿˣǾͲøˡ
ǡ
ŷվû׷Լ˵ĹʧӳһȻһۣϵ˿ʼȥ
ǲ֪˭𣿷ſҡƴУɫ־壬һ˲ˣ޴ˡ
ţǵԼŵ֮ȥӴһųӣ˲ݡ
ž
ӳֱӳһƣֱòƱˣȻʮ˳ȥ
ŷתĿɿڴʼ磬Ц˵OKͬѧĻˣ㣬Ҫҿ
һȺһ£Ȼ󱬷һŷꡣ


101 
лˡݺص֣һмŷл
˵ѣҿʲôûô򵥣СӵˣܻЩ鷳ŷЦ˵һҽȷʵЩ鷳˵ģƾµ㹻ֲˡ
ݺͷϴһĨ˵֪Сӵүүһҽʦ·Ӻܹ㣬˵һ仰һЩ˶Ҫͽᣬһ£鷳
ǿô죿ٻɫˣ˶ҪͽᣬԷȻǿǸز
ЩĹŷˣϾŷҲٶɣһǾǵĴ١
ŷȴɫ䣬Ц˵û£κβҡ
˻һʹݺ׼Ҳסˡе˶£ŷ絽ʲôͷ
ĳԺȰɣһңұ֤ò˶ãЩʲôƾͲǵˡݺļ򣬹ŷ˵ֻһ˫ȴ˸ţȾڳˡ
ڹŷĻû˻ỳɣǿղŴһˣȻ˵ĻͿ϶аյġ
뵽ͬѧٱݺ˵ݺԷˣһףճɾ
ݺҲеĸҺ
СǾȴĳ棬һȺ˺ȵ󣬾Ȼһ¡ֻʣ¹ŷûкȾƵŮվţһص׵ɵˡ
ô죿ٻʵ
û£üʰһ£͵ľƵˣҽ춼ȥˣھƵϢɡŷ˵
ŮҲͬ⣬ŷͽٻҲڸľƵ꿪һ䣬סٻҪȵʱȴٻƿˡ
һζȥϴϴɡٻɫЩ죬ڵƹҫ£Ե쳣ʶĿˡ
ϴʲôҵȲˡ
ŷٺһЦһѽٻԶĴ󴲡
жʱ컵գ彻һ𣬽Ϊõ˶
׺һһʮ˸ŭŵһѵԱŭŷ磬Ҳʲô㶼Ҫ
һ磬ŷͱ绰ˡ
ӹ绰ǿ׳˹żҵˣ̶֣סȪɽׯҲµĲĻǻѡڰҹ֡
ţ֪ˡ
ŷһ䣬Ȼ˯˹ȥ
ȵѾǰ˾ŵˣٻҴҵĴ·ȻһѧУȥ
ֻǵŷѧУ֮󣬵ȴȴһӾ졣
ͷˣǿŹŷ磬һ޿κεı飬ͲˣһѵʵһԴ˰׺УＸûа
ˣҺã氡ŷЦŴке˶оЦá
УԴվһߣЦŷ磬Щٲģץģ˵ˣ
һʾ䣬ԴҲ֪ʵ
ûа˰ɣ㣬һطôܻأҿǿ϶ǸˡŷЦ˵һ㶼ں
˵ôϻʲôȰϡһͻȻڣ쳣ȻǶûзһˣ󸹱㣬һװһȴϹӶܿ
ŷüͷһ壬ɫЩ
ŷı飬һϽ˵λʡ׿׸
ž
ĻŷһƳ˳ȥ׿һҺһС콫סˣûˤ
ֻ׿İѾ߸ߵһһ
Ҵң׿ûָŹŷһ˵Ŵ˳Ѫڵϡ
ôˣᣬŪ㡣ŷƲƲ죬м˵
˻һǵɫˣǵʡĸ˵˵ҪŪԷûнǷ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫ˡǺ˵ϴһĨŭ
𣿡ŷЦȻɨһǰȺŭľ죬뵱˵ǹҵ鷳Ҫñ׼ôʲôƨȥǸˣҪңԼ
㡭׿ɫҲû뵽ŷ羹ȻôţһʡС
ˣ˵ˣᣬĸɱ㡣
׿˵̲ס˵׿ɫѿˣ˵Լᣬš
˵ŷɱԼȴţϾְλأһҪǱɱĻǹŷţƣҲס
뵽׿Ҫ
ͻȻŷɨ˹׿񽻻һһڹŷ׿һһͻȻãǰˣҲĸɱ
뵽⵽̽ҪڵĻ˽ȥŹŷдһĨ⡣
ô˵ҪģɲԼΪעȥĹŷҲɱԼ


102 
һ仰Ҳû˵׿ˡ
ڳ˶ЩɵһʡĸˣǾԼΣԴŷӲͬˡ
ˣ˵ˣҸøʲôʲôȥɡŷֵ˵ٲȻһϴͷ
ֻ˵꣬ٻһȻһ۹Դ˵Уأֵ˵ʵ㡣
ǡ
ŷվֱȻһĶŹԴ
ŷ翴ЩëԴϽ˵Ͱչͬѧ˵İɣҸøʲô͸ʲôȥɡ
˻һŷĿתٻЦ˵㿴ɣУҲͬҵĻ
˹ŷһۣٻǸԴ˵У˼ŷһ㣬ʵͦ𾴵ġ
𾴡ԴֹҪǹŷǲаأ֪֮
ŷƲƲ죬ȴû˵ǲ⹢ԴˣǽٻҪѧУأŷ粻ٻҵš
ûнԼŮߵ뷨Լ磬Լ׷󣬶ǻƿֻй͵õģŷϣǶԼҵ
ٻ˹ŷһۣʱŷʵˡ½ٻǶԼŮˣŷ𾴣һЩط΢ʾһЩҲǰű֡
صңһĿγ̣ѧ֮󣬹ŷ뽯ٻһкصժ¥
ɫ͸ǿ׳Ѿˣŷĳ֣ɫɫһȻȵ˵ͻˣ
Ƕ⾳磬֣ԺɨԷŷŵ˵üȪɽׯķ򣬳ɱ
ɫҲͷׯϣȴһɭȻɱһޣѪɱ¾
һߵĸǿ׳˸սһ˲䣬·𿴵ʬɽѪδ·ԲƽעѪǣǧսվھ֮ϡ
ºڷɱҹ˳ҹɫУȪɽׯ
һƬׯ԰ƻͨȴû̫ˣֻǿϢ̾ɢľϡ
ŷףǶżҵλߣ޼ɵ쳣ţϢһƬ߲Ҫ롣
ɫɭȻԼµλߣ˵һε飬ֻɹʧܣҪ˶ףǶżҲǺǵģҷҶżߣɱ⡣
ǡ
λߴɱ졣
ˡ
һ죬һְֲֻϢĸ߱ķɳȥ
ҲŪ˸ͷŭ𣬶һ
촫ŲԺˣվ֮һ³һѪ
ȴ⣬棬ղųȥķ򣬴ηˣΪҶżҡ
ǲ˳۶ѡһм˵ǰ꣬һò㣬Ϣһ˫ȴͬһϬöһ
һһСУׯϣȴɱƣǷ𣬵ޣֻһϢȴޱȣö˸оľ
ŷ磿ϳŷӣ𾪵˼㣬鱨˵ŷһһߣż죬ԷȻﵽ˶⾳硣
ȻΪԼ鱨ˣܵľǹŷͻˣΪǡ
ǸʲôɣҾɱɡŷ絧˵ϵĻҳȻЦ˵һЦݣȴöɫأǰֲ̫ˣղһȵϾǿˡ
ӷ𣬷سɷʩҪִԲˡСȴ˫ƺʲׯϵ˵
һ̣ɱ˲ʧʱʥޱȣľһ㣬һĤݵĳ嶯
һ˲ʧ񣬾һ̣ŷ綯ˡ
ͬһ㣬˹Ȼһȭһߵǰ
Ǹ߲ҽһ˲ѹıڵĿ
ŷһ䣬˲ϰȭȫڶԷš
˿ûз˲򱬣Ѫɡ
һ߾ôˣûһ㻹֮ŷվ絶ڶ˵ϣһĨɭȻɱ
ӷҲ˭ղλʩȻ󳹴ǿϲɺءɫƣö۾ˡһ˲ʧɱһͬ顣
ɮ
ҧгݵ˵Ҫɫˡ
ӷʩˣƶɮǷ𣬷ɫһɫĽ͵
ͷɱŭˣֱӳ˹·һŭ㣬񱩵ƼҪϢ
ɫһȻһˣŷ
ͷߣöһ£Ȼ¶һĨЦٶȸˣҪɱɫ
ʱɫͻȻͷˣʮâǰ˸öпһ£֪á


103 ʥ
ѪһѣǼʮѣűɱն
ɫ䣬һǿγһܣǰѪɢĺâն棬ն飬ȴվδնɱ
ᣬˣƿ񱩣һ˲·Ҫ˺һ㡣ŭˣ絶ɫϣսڣֲ˼㡣
ɫׯϣŷ⣬һֱѪɫ߽ںһԵ쳣졣
ɱ
ɫֺɫЩأɱȻ֣Ѫɫdֱŷ⣬˲һ״С˹ȥ
ɫ䣬ſڳХ˫ֲֳѪɫdӲ
˫˫ˡֻǶɫѿɫг𾪡ܸоɫ붥⾳粻ãȻһƽ֣ǺεȾ޵ı֡
ɫأɫˣһСƿ񱩣ҪһХɱ
ɫӭϣ˴սչ
ŷˣҲսһ˫ݻ̫˵ֹԪת⣬ѹơ
ɱ絶ĺøӼˡ
ɫѪ֣ɨˣɫ䣬Ͻ˿һ̣ŷһҶء
һ̫ͼ֣һ˲·Ҫһ㣬һˣݺݵѹȥ
˴𣬱ȫʵ̫ͼ
ֻһжȻҽһɳȥڲԶǽ棬ûϢһ˵һۣȻתߡ
ŷЦѪͣ˳ȥ
ҽдûϢŷ簵һ׳գƴҲĻлӳȥֺ޷ߣֱ
ɫĴսȻڼǶȴѾʧȥս⡣ͬİĻţҶҲϳɫ֪޷һˡ
ڵ˼㣬֪ŷ޷ĴйϵҲ鷳һܵܲʲô޷棬屻𣬲Ǳء
ֻ˵ʲôˣɫս˿ɮ趯¡¡죬ѹƣռϷ硣
ȴѪ䣬һ޺ͷĽ壬¸Ѫ
ŭ𣬼αѹƻȥɫһ޵׶һԶ̽ǳԽǿɫͻǿ
һײɳȥ棬ڿѪ
ҵġվɭȻ˵һĨ
Ȼڹŷ˾ȵУͻȻðһɺɫĻ棬˲˺üֱС
ʥ𡣡ŷɫͬʱ
Ȼϳʥܹʥ棬޺ˡ˵һɱ˵гԹ
ʹþʥҪĴ۵ģȡ˲ĻԻͣȻɱ˹ŷˣԼҲ
βޣΪżҳӣҪ̳һУΪˣȴû뵽Ҫڶֻ˺ˣһͷֻޡ
׳ա

ŷɫͬʱһۣȻתܡ
ʥһûͣĻᣬֻȼԼΪֹǸûбҪдսֱӺˡ
ɫһ㶣Ȼû뵽˻תܣôһ飬˵Ӱˡ
ŭһͬǸ׷ȥﵽ˾ֵʵٶȿ쵽˼£ȻˣȴԼȻ޷׷Ϲŷǡ
쵽˼£ʹΪߣҲ׷ǡ
뿪ɱ⸽ͨˡȲѣŭ۾Ѫ죬ɱ죬ڵ״̬顣
ŷɫͣ˶һۣȻԥĳ˻
һ㶣û뵽вȻЧ˳˻дϲХһɱ˹ȥ
ɫľʥȴȣһֱĸо쵽˼㡣
ŷ粻Ҵ⣬Ԫ鲼ȫȻһơԸӿٶȺˣ˫ϾȻһ㺮
𶯣ѣŷɫˡ
ʱɫҲˣ貣շҪס

ֱշȻһ˫ЯźɫʥץɫĲӡ
ǧһ֮ʱŷ˹ס˽սһǿͣĺһ𣬹ŷھԵ·硣
ֻǶҪ¹ŷ磬ҲԲܣһʯ㣬Ժס˶й
ɫһȻһƨ˵ϣղĺգͲһȥˡ
ŷ絲סĹŷܣֱڵϵϢָԼĵ
һĻļ٣û뵽Լ֮󣬾Ȼò¹ŷ磬ȥȼոɾҲɱˡ
뵽һ


104 ŭ
ڣϢ쳣񱩡һ˫Ѫ죬ˣϴһĨЦݡ
һŷ֪ãԥתɫȻһɫٶȳһԡ
ͣڿЦбֲɨʮ
ŷɫһԶȻˣŷȻನɨУһѪ˳ֻǽĸˡ
ֱķΧŷͣһѽɫӵϣɫЩס
ɫ۾ŷһɻʵôˣôôһɫ׵һ
׵ˣֵһҪһˡŷ紭˿û˵ղžȻ붨Уһ㾯֮ĶûС
ֵܣɫһɻܣͻȻطܱŷֵܵˣֻһ
ʶһ㣬Сɥɥ˵˵ĸòҰɣ
ŷĵ˵ͷһ¶˵ı顣
Сɫˣһܣȴûзʲô쳣ĵط΢һиһ˲䣬һն˹Яɱɫë
ڶԷֵǰһ̣Ȼ˿ûо쵽ԷĴڣʣһڴɱĸֶ֣ξˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷҲˣһȭӲ⡣
ԷƺһȻٺˣһʧںҹС
ŷ棬߳âɨΧɢɱΧȫ֡
ãûκη֣ȻԷѾߡŷŷ½䱸ɫ
Է˭ɫʵɫܲÿղžͲһ㣬ͱԷɱˡһ뵽Сϲͣĳ鴤ŭ졣
²𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ڣǻˡɫЦһжαװ˸ŰϽɢһµƣֶͷ۵ľڣȻһӵ̬ȡ
ݹ˽ܣɫҲǰУȻҪʶ۷ĴڣҲᱻ޷濴УΪӡоԵźͰǳɳȻܶӲڡ
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һ죬ŷֱӸɫһ˲佫еƶȥˡɫŹԴֺԹĶŹŷ磬һŰԹһ
ŷĴ˸սǱӦˡ
ٶңŪ㡣ŷ̲סһ䣬ɫɫһָƢĹŷ磬ɲǡ
˻صժ¥֮󣬸ǿ׳ɫޱȣˣһŵı顣żȫɱõϢ⾳ߣһûӹȥаŵָûκζһбˡ
ȼľʥһĻ߼ǿ߿УȻǴʲô
ڳˣǿ׳ɫЩأھһÿγŪýȷѪ꣬ܶұ룬Ȼ
ŷû˿⣬͸оǿ׳˸棬ѣŷû˵мС
˵ͷŷ翴һɫһ˵һξڿҪùˣ˲ǵˡ
˭ǿ׳Щɻ
ָָɫŷЦһЦû˵
ǿ׳Լɫɫ߷ߵ˵ղžڰһɱ֣㽫үˣˣ˾ڣҾͲС
ǿ׳ĿɿڴȻĴָһ̾ı顣
ɫֵܺǣһ˾ڣ֤Ϊִ棬ʱ򽭺˭˲㡣
˸ǿ׳һۣɫû˵ƨүһе֪֮ƾһ˵ܳ˾ڣҴ㣬ǶҪңǿ׳ӽ㲻ŮˣүÿѵҪ̵ʱڣΪ
˻һǿ׳ױɫŮˣҪ
СȻܾʲôһûء
ɫֱֱĶŸǿ׳Ȼβĵ˵ҾʹԶŮˡ
꣬ǿ׳Ȼһȵŷ硣
ֱӸǿ׳񣬹ŷ絭˵һ˵סһΣסΣԼ
˲䣬ǿ׳ˣоԼһ˲˺ڰС
ΪԸΪ˽ǿ׳һߵɫȻѵĵ˵ͷǴӦɫҪ
ɫŹһЦһ§סǿ׳ļЦ˵Ǻֵܡ
ãǸǿ׳ﻰȴû˵ֻǿͷ뵽ӽҪսԼԸҪɫĳ嶯ȻǰܴӮɫ
ż֮ȫоڰɱֳ֣ŷˡϽվڷǰ㱨ԼһС
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ٳ˼һᣬȻһ˵żҵϼһˣȻѶ߹ŷ磬ʣµȥ
ǡ


105 Ů黳
׺ѧһУŮЩ޾ɵֻֻǵȴûн࣬Ȼעûмֻ档
ͻȻһλŮˣС죬Щߵ˵С£˵ŷǲǰˣôҲǣ
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ǰŷûҹǣÿһζϵŷġ뵽֮ŮЩˡ
ĪСҧŭһ̫ˣǵʲôˣ쿴ȥұŮˣѵǾǲмһ𣿡
֮£ĪС˵е뷨ýȵɴ۾ǿһĪС¡
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ûԴ׵ŮС㻹˵ϲŷ硣ȵ˵һֻ͵ǹĺһġ
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ŶȽϴȡЦı飬ĪСҪĳ嶯
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̲סЦ˳ĪСȴ˸ۣǰһԶ֪ʲô޳ܣѾƤ޵еľˡ
ҪĪССֹ
лл佱ŷĶεȾˣĻһӸмһ䣬ĪС
˶ȸо˼ĪСȻ˵ϲŷ磬ǽȴܹ˰ˡ
ùͬӵһˣȵǲ⣬ڼһУĻԼͲý÷ֿˡ
ŷȥ˵ĶԻʵ
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ˣװˣ˵ͱ˵
ŷֻǻû˵꣬ͱĪС´ˣЩơӣŷ緭˸˵˵ģȴˣߡ
һĺӣƽʱɢʱİԵԵøɰˣýȺĪС˶۾һ
һʱɰģĪСа뵽


106 
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ŷ֮ʱһɫЩӣŷŵŮ֮ʱС춼Ŵˡ
ȺĪС£֮ѧУеŮ֮󣬲˳ԣܶŮҲǣҲһԱ
һ˹ùŷЩɻȻ϶Լ̫ˣѾͷϲԼŻô
ŷſ˫ۣҪס߹ġ˭֪˿Ҫײϵʱӵһ˷ܵߵŮǰ˵ż̫ˣû뵽Ȼż񡣡
ŷɫڣǲ⣬Լһ˧ȴŮΪżԼ
ŷɫӣǹЦŷԱӡ
ĪСȴЩ㶣ڸİ㣿ͻȻðһòԼŮԼżЩˡ
ӣżأҪҴˡŷ˵
ͷҲûأٵ˵˰ɣ㳤ô󣬲Ųżأȥ
ۡ
ŷҪѪȻǣҲԲòá
ˣˣҽ˼ͽܴСҳ軵ˣ˵֪ô㲻Ҫ֡һ߹ɫЩɫ˵ġ
ǵʦŷȹߣһǸ⣬ùŷٺøС
ˣҲСƨƽϣλʤǰɣĲϡŷ粻мƳһ˵
ֻעĪСأûùŷһȭڿճĸо
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˻һҩ˸ǸоҪˣ۶߸ˣȻ򶼲Ҫ
ܶд󺰣Ҫ͸Ұ̫˷ˡ
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ֻȴ֪ǣѹŷ̫ˣǹŷ粻Ǯûп
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㡣ŷش
˻һ˱ɫŭУŷô㣬û뵽㾹ȻʦЦİ͸ƣ
֪򲻹ŷ磬ھԻѹŷ籩һ٣ԼʦԼҪҪŷİղ㣬Ȼ͸ΪԼʦƣ쳣ŭ
Ŀһۣŷû˵ֻһ˫ȴʤҪԼѡ
ΡʤǺܼᶨֱ˾
ʦ
˴󺰣ʤðա
¶һĨЦݣʤѵ˵ʹҲƣҲֻвµˣβƴһѣɹҾٻܳʱ䣬ʧˣҲֻһµѣûʲô˵ġ
˻һȫĬˣʤ˵ǲƣҲ˶೤ʱ䡣
۾Щ죬ͻȻߵŷǰҧŴ˵ŷ磬һҪκʦֻҪκʲôԡ
ȶʱЩأǵǽأ̫ˣûȤŷ翴һۣƲƲ˵ֲмҧ
һߴȥŸβŷһûУƵ˼㣬ȻĪСǣҲ̫ԶϼƷСŮһöŷ羹Ȼ̬ôӣĴܸС
һĻȵˬˣаֹСŵλã˰ɡڽȵУһĪСµģСһġ


107 ϻͯ
Ȳֹܽŷȴ׼ˡ
гɫĹ˸˶ƿԼ˿ģڲǰֻйŷʤ
ƯȻɢųɫĹâͬС̫ۣڹŷǰš
ĪСµ˵ɴ۾һĻ𺳵˵
ŷɫأ˫ֿͬС̫һҫ۵룬Ȼ󻺻İȥӿ˹ŹŷĶûʤڡ
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ŷڲǳʲô޴ѹһ
𡣡
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ۼٶȸ죬ڹŷûʤ壬ۿɼٶڱᣬʱͷ׷Ȼںڣ˸ǹ׳˶·ص׳ꡣ
ɴ۾ȻΪҽʥҽͨ죬ʱҲɵۡ
ѾѰֶˣϻͯʤһ˲ʮ꣬һ㡣֪һƺܳɹŷסӴɹΪʤʮꡣ
ΪѾʱ򣬹ŷֶˣٴγХһ𳤿աӿˣۼûûʤ壬ǽԼС
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ŷΪûаѪȴˣ·һֲ̫Ѫǿ˺üΣԴ֮ŷ綼Ҳɱߡ
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ŷɿ֣Ȼһϲ£Ƶ˵СѾͷ˵ôûƷλ𣿾ɫλ裬ҲȤġ
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ŷɫֱӺȥĿŴһڻоԼθڷ
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108 ¸
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ɵ⼸λɶſµģܲܲҪôǫ顣


110 
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111 Ůʥ
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112 
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뵽ŷҲûֱó绰ǿ׳˹ȥ
ŷ磬ǻ쵰Ҫĥˡ绰Ǳߴĺŷһһֻӳȥ


113 СԽֳͻ
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ŷ緭˸ۣû˵㣬ǿ׳ȥһ飬һܶĶ˰׺ȫŪ
ҳ𣿡ɫ촽һѪ飬ﻹһ˿еģ
ҪʵһͺˣǱиŮ˰׺УڴԼŷ
ɫɫױˣǱߵŮˣȻ֪˭
Ĭ˰ΣɫͻȻһЦʦǸ϶ĿˣʦҰ㣬ϿҵʦǸϻɣ
ŷ̲סҵʦӾͻùҲǶѾĸףҪ֪ԶѾ飬ʱͲһ׷ˣǿߣรɡ
˻һɫǱ߳Ĭˣβŷһŭҿ
ŷЦԸɫԸǿ׳̫̣Ͼ˲һȻϵ绰
һɺ۰Ͱ͵Լŷɵ˵İɣܿͲвˡ
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˵Ĳҽһɿӵסͷײײĵڵϡ
Ѫ˵ͷ˳ܿ㽫ȾˡһĻ·Щңż˵Ҳɱ˰ɣ
ʶŷ磬ϴĲ
һۣŷҡҡͷ˵ûУȥһƿӣͲࡣ
ŷĻ·һϾֻͨˣɱ˶˵ʵ̫ңԶˡ
ݣҶֵܣ㲻ˡмϵվһɷͲûдåĸˡ
ŷû˵ֱһƿӶ˳ȥ
ƿֱǸ˵ͷϣȻ飬ԷһΣֱӵȥ
һĻԷʮһɧңȻŭǸĵƦûѧޣȻҲҺԼŸɡ
Ū
һƦŭһ̣һƿűҲԼֵܵĺ󳾡
ʣµĵƦд󺮣û뵽־Ȼô׼Ҳ˵ˣһȺֱӳ˹

һŭʵ˵˸µģ뵽ǻģܶ˶ʱȽϷУʱı˻еݡ
˳ȥͬһ쫷㣬ɨʮƦǴòҽвѡ
ΪһߣҲڹŷǶԸЩƦȴ㹻ˣǴݿ㣬ȫɨ
Χ˵ɴ۾ȵӰҪʵһĻ鲻ԽȺƦѾã˱۸ڿǱʰˡ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ⣬ǵ¸ˣҴǣûǵĺùӳԡһʹ˰̣һŵӡ
¸磿ŷ¶һĨŹֵЦݣ˵ҵ뿴ܸʲôӳԣ˵ҲǻᣬǾţڴ绰Ǹʲô¸ɡ


114 õ¸ϥ
ĺƣԴһαŷȶ֮ЩСȻϿûʲôǶ̬ȣȴûǰôηˡ
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Сһ֣Ǹմ绰һŹŷ磬ֻ˵Сӣˣ¸Ѿˣɡ
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ʣµĻһȴʲô˵ˡǵ¸һѵŷ磬Ͼǻơ
˹ȻʮˣֱӽŷΧסˡ
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Ǿùŷ缸ˣ³ԱǼҪҡ
Χ˾η񣬰ЩƮƮȻŹȣԼˡΧס˭ʱһ˲ɵסˡ
¶һȿ޻ҪѿЦŹȼæ˹
˶ΪҪֵʱͻȻֱӹϴҴˣԭֵܰɣֵָۣܲʹġ

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115 
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ûдӴŽ룬ֱһݣ롣
ٻڴͷ飬ֻ̬ϴһĨΣ֪Щʲô
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ôڹˣҲ˿΢΢Щ𱸵˵ٻ˴һ˯£̺Ȼͦţùŷ翴ĿѣԵġ
ŷԵĿ⣬ٻȻЩɬȴҸԼİ˳ԣΪԺ
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ҪˡŷʿˮоѪˡ
ԼԸеĴٻû˵ֻöŷ硣
һ𣬷˲ɶڽţϢ棬ϵ¶ߺƲ档
ڶ죬ʵһ뷿֮󣬹ŷ۾ٻڹŷĻУļһĨĶǵĺΣ˼㡣
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УˣҪһȥ򳵣һ١˵ŷ͹ϵ绰ûиԴ˵Ļᡣ
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116 ŷ
˼ûֳӡСǸ˵
ĻŷЩʧٻ˵˰ɣȻһ󱼴պһ°ɡ˻һС㶼ˣһ󱼻պϣЩǲҪС
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ʱӹŷһЦŲмӣùŷɫһ䡣
תͷȥһͷ꣬߸һʱмĶˣϵıɼ
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Сüüͷ¶һĨɫ
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İʱŵĶƣԼõƽʱԼͦõģʱȻΪһ˴Լ
ί˼㣬뿪˵ЩʲôһƱĻ˶档
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ֱ˹ȥŷŵĿڵˣˣҲû˵ҪôģԼĽ㶼ȥ֡
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118 ҵ
ƲƲ죬ŷ˵ϣҲôġ
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Ҳ֪˵Щʲôˣڹŷ˵ԼĻһ㶼ŵġ
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Լ£ŷͻȻתͷ񿴴˼һЦһ䣺ˣ
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ӣŷ룬ȻЦ˵򵥣Ūһרɣȥ곤ô
˻һ˶һȻŷڿһһڼţЩǿһȻ߿ƼƷԽңųƿƼԶԶ
ڼŵĲƷԼרֱۣ꣬û˵ǲƷȨ
϶ݳƷһЩ۹ڵĸһŪһ˵ˡ
ڿЦɣ˵ġʹڹŷһţٻ̲סڿЦϾڼһֱԼԼۣȨˣûй
ŷЦ˵ûпЦʵҳҲģ֪֪ڼŵܲ˭
˭
ٻҡͷʵڼŵܲ˭һֱһաⶼһܣûм֪
㣬ĹϵҪһȨܼ򵥡ŷЦ˵ᵽԯʱһĨɫ
ٻȴûзֹŷΪѾϢ𾪵סˡԼõѣǸһŮӣȻڼŵܲãϢʵ̫ˡ
÷ҲסˣǰˣȻڼŵܲйϵֲø˵ղŵֻͻȻãԼĻˣҲչƽƣһͨ˿ɼĸ߶ȡ
û뵽ôһֱݵˣȻߣľǸһȻҲңһֱ͵ذɡٻҧ͸ˡԼѣʲô˵뵽Լԯ˵ЩܲõĻҪҸطȥĳ嶯
ŷ룬ź˵Ը񣬾Իôģ˵֮ͻܵһ͵ȥˡ
ŷôһ˵ٻǰͻȻһÿε˵ڼܲõĳݣԯһŹֵĺԼ˵ȥϴּ䡣ȥϴּ䣬ȥЦȥ˰ɡ
뵽ٻ̲סͺһԯ졣
硣
Զھǵһãԯڰ칫ǰļͻȻһһ硣ԼıӣСֹ˳̫ƯҲһ߶
Զһ칫棬һ֪ŮĻ̲סһЦ˳
׽㣬Цʲô˵Ĳʵ𣿶ˣԯݺǼһƬ𣿡ԯŵһ˲䱩¶ţΪŮ˵İ׽㶼Ĳˡ
ûжͲˣֻڵЩ׽ӳóһƬţǹŷһЩŮһƬ
͸³ȻǾͱˡƲƲ죬ԯ¶һĨмֶ͹ŷ֮ĸ飬ԯݺֶ̫׾ˡûںŷжŮˣֻҪС
³ᴦ𣿡׽ԵЩԥ
ģԯݺᱻƬϵǸˣͿ϶ᴦԯЦ˵һӡ
׽ȴ׾ˣƬϵǸ˾Ȼԯݺ᣿ѵ
ʲôˣ׽̲סһ䡣
¶һĨ۵Цݣԯᶨ˵ҵˡ


119 ƽһ
ͬһУһΰˣһƬһĨŭ
ԯݺǸӹ˵ȴһָӲǡԯ޵Уڻĺų޵еĴڣɨ޵֡
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ԯݺվߣһ׾ţüĿ۾΢С棬Ŀס
΢΢˵ͷһ仰û˵ֱ˳ȥ
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һƬӸԯݺᣬԯ޵ޱ顣
˵ͷԯݺûзϣϿκһ˫۾ԯ޵еϣ쳣ĮȻʡ
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ԯݺᱻһԡ
סΣһ˫Ӷԯ޵еϣһ仰û˵
ȥԺ׼ԯ޵е˵˵һİˡ
Ϊʲôԯݺһ䡣
ƽڶһ˿ȻԯݺñޱȣĮԯ޵УʵѵһˣӶҪҪ
ԯ޵¶һĨĿЦȻɫڱ㣬ŷǲҲװ׶
ԯ޵еĻԯݺ¶һĨЦм˵ڵʵҪɱ練ƣѹңǸһѾǧٻˡ
׼ôԹκŭ𣬵ʱҲǧٻˣΪԼɱŷ磿ԯ޵ҡͷû˱˽żҵĿ¡Ǹˣݿ㽫ѹ˿ûС
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˵Լذԯݺв۽ȴЩʪǴԯ޵еһι
˵ͷԯݺʲôû˵˳ȥһΣҪսǸˣ֤Լͬǿ
ŷ磬ҵţˡԯݺ˻ѹƶŭһȫˡ
ԯ칫Ҵǰȥԯݺᣬ૵˵ϣ㲻ʲôҷŭ顣
ʱ򣬵绰
ԯ˽˵绰ֻ֪мˣ׻ΪܵĺѣϽջĿ⣬˵绰
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ôˣٻٻɻʵ֪Լʲôʱˡ
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˻һԯһ£뵽Ǹ龰ϲƵĳһĨЦݣõ˼㡣
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ӹֻŷֱ˵ԼĿģ㣬Ҫһר꣬ŪһҰɡ
ŷĻԯЩɻЦ˵㿪Ǹʲôȱ㻨ǮĻ˵ʮڰڵĲ⡣
ʮڰڣ绰ߵĺ÷ͽٻԼ仰͵صɴ۾⻹㻨ǮЩȫҲ˰ɡ
ǣһΪҵԭ򣬰ѹŪˣҪһȴûкʵģԲ뵽꣬ȥ곤Ƚʡ¡ŷĽ͵
ǽٻͺ÷绰Ǳߵԯ죬Щŷǿ߼ˡΪ˸ҹԿһרֱ꣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ԯڹŷҪ󣬼ܾһԥûУͷ˵С


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ӿǵǰƵǶڳ鴤ŷһﻹǲİٶ򰡡
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ٻĿɿڴǰ˭ǷǳǿУˡ˾ȻͬʱҪŷ統СܣýٻԽеתˡ
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һĻŷͻȻɫһڣֹһЦʲôأСܰɣͷӻҵġ
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ٻףһжǹŷԼġ
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Ҫ֪ŷ뷨Իʲôʱ͵
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122 
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123 
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125 Ѫ
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ȭкɱֵսȿҽʥ֮ɲ⣬ǳȻԯ޵ǵȼĴڣһˣС
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պ󣬴ĦչϽڴػѹһаߣŷɴӦѯʡ
ڱ̬ˣϿɹŷĹ۵㣬׺лΪŷΧԷٲŻѯ
¶һĨЦ⣬ŷЦȻԸ⣬ٴܹȻǻӭ֮׺еİҪٴȥػء
鴤ټղ˭ڿ˵ԼԼȴ˵ӭԼġ
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ŷ粢ûжһУʱǴ󶯸ɸʱĦӻûЩ˻쳣ƣûгֹʲô顣
˵ǸһﵽǲˣôֵֹġվһöˣȺָָ㡣
˳ɫָ㣬ŷ翴һɫ԰׵ꡣ
Ҳˡŷ羪ȵ˵
ʲôɫһȤӣĸоУԷԲˣϢ̫ˣħߣҲûô졣
Ѫ͵ӣû뵽Ҳˡŷɫ죬ѪĦʲôѵǻղɣҵգЩѪҪˣԱԲʲô³
ҿѪĴڣҲ̫˰ɣүҿǾΨߣŹĴڣmygodҵ߸ˡɫǺ
Ǻ𣿡ŷ
ϵ۰㲻ôɣֻҵְҵҵŵĻǿѧɫӵ˵˵ѧʱʥı顣
ĿѧûãǼһ﷢ˡŷͻȻڣ·һڿƶӰ¶һĨЦ
ɫ˫ƺʲһ˵ΪĬһӡ
ӺǸѪڴöˣעŹŷɫʵղž͵ң˵ǵʲôˣ
һۣŷ˵ˡ
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126 
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128 
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ǰһ飬뵽˲˾


129 
ͼص˵ͷʹ˵û⡣
⡣ŷͻȻ˵
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Ӧ죬֪ĵϰף̵ͷû⣬Ըǣǵҡ
һϯܿȻѪڼΪ壬ǶڻĵʳȴҲ̲סĿɿڴ
İ׾ƣ˵ķˣǾԵľƷЩѪͷ̵˶档
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ŷЩҡΣٺ˶ʮ׾ƣǿʱҲҪˣֻȻˣҲоԼͷЩΡ
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СͻȻıޱȣȻ˹ȥѾҪΪˣҽȾīż˵һʱһȶûˣ¹ԼŮ޷
īĻŷɫһ䣬֪īĲ飬ͻȻֱ仯ǾԲϳˡ
뵽ŷһ⣬ʵ
ɽñī˵
һ͵ŷϵ绰ɫһۣ˵ߡ
ʲôɫһ㶣Ҳŷ̸ݣֻҪȥβԼȥʲô
ŷһ⣬Ц˵Ҫ鷳βʱҪһ
áɫʲôˣʹĴӦ
˳ţֱȡһɽá
СʱǱϵ˵ڱǰӿ˹Ͻӭȥ
һ꣬ɫŷ˴ӳȾһǹҽ𣿡
˵ͷŷû˵ֻǿⶰΧһֲĸо
ɫһۣȻɫҲоˣ¶һĨ裬ɨһۣɫȻ
λôˣ겻ʵһܣûʲôԵĵط
ŷַŽڴ棬ɿֻһ󰴶ŷЦЦû£߰ɡ
ɫЩɻ󣬲ûжʣŹŷ˽
ī͵ˣŷϽӭ
ҽȾҵŮһŷͽ˵΢ĲţȻǽŵ˼ı֡
˵ͷŷɫƽ˵ģֻҪڣīԲ¡
Ϊż˵ţûҽżβõĲʹڲһƫҽ뷨뷨ƺܶеľ֢ˡ
ŷı֤īһݺݵĵ˵ͷŹҽҽ
ŷ絭һЦûнīĻϣڸԼһοˡ
īĴ£ŷɫ߽һ䣬һһɱ˵㴫˹ùŷüͷ
ɫоһŷ˵Ǻƣ鷳ˡ
ŷͷû˵置һֶƳ棬ֻжļ˾ܹȻֵ쳣ǿ
ĴһŮȻһ˪ī
߻һ꣬ŷ֣¶ϲɫ뺰ϴ󡣡
˲Ǳˣǡ
īɫЩŹ֣Сһʲôʱ͹ŷյһģȻϴ
ʱȴЩīĲҪġ


130 𺮱
ŷߵīߣīʱһˣűɢűϢ
ָīϣһ˿ָ
ڳе˶һīϾȻѾ䵽زҺøղû
תǸָⶳŷĬ
ҽôˣСܾ𣿡īĵʵ
ŷ˵ͷڳ˶һȻ˳Ĭ
īǵĬʲô˼ѵ뵽ոշµģ
ϴ󣬵ô˵ɡļ̲סʵ
ŷ翴һۣű۾˵ʱδ
˻һ˶ɴ۾ʱδʲô˼
ŷӣȴûиʣȻ˵ʱδͿ϶ʱδ
ʱīע⵽ɫЩɻʵλСʦǣ
ӷƶɮɫɫׯϣɫ£һɮģīǵɫˡ
ɫʦᣬд˵ʦţǷסī˵۹⼫׼Լж쳣š
ɫĬһ£ŵ˵ͷʦޡ
ޣڳļ߶֣оЩİֻīüͷֵʱͻȻһ£ĳһ񾭱һЩӿͷ
ͻȻһ£Ȼ󷢳ŵľˣ޷ĵӡ
ɫг𺳣޷֮ԲڹΣںܶ˵ӿ¡
һӵںɱͷˣһɱϵĴ˵޷档ڻ޵ǿ
ǰֺСУȻ޷ĵӣīһ˿ηִ壬ʵǿ󣬵޷ǿ߶ϣҲֵúô
Ҳһô۵СоȻ޷ĵӣͷˣ˻ΪֻһͨСУֻǸŷĹϵãŻ
˵ͷɫû˵ׯϣʥޱȣһ˼һ㡣
ŷͷһۣ³֣װơ
ɫֱŷһָʱɮ󾡻٣īӶɳˡ
ʱƣŷ¶һĨЦ⣬䶯˶Ц˵ˡ
īǾϲУŷóһ룬˭Ҳ֪óˣֻǰһѾǰˡ
ɫ΢΢أŷͨޱȣȻīǵľУһīͥѨС
춦ءԪѨ
ŹŷĶīϵĺȻڻƣȻȫеϡ
𾪵ǣīϣһڲͣƶӿֲ˼㡣
⡭ʲôīָī˵Щˡ
˭ôһĻ¶Ҫŵīĸףǲһ˹ȥīߡ
ƣҲīһף֮ǰΪǴСõʮ꣬ʹˣѾﵽ˼ޣīٻаʱ䣬Żᱬȴ˴ٳһ㡣ŷЦſһ۴⡣
īɫһ䣬ʱ׹ŷ˼˶ע⣬İˣץסҷ߸ɱۡ
ȿȡ
ŷ㱻ԼĿˮǺĶī߸ɱۣ˵ܹʹúƵļ˾൱ھߵʵ
ȴǹЩʱһֻ˳һָֻһ
һ˿ڳ֣ȻӹŷָϳһʺѪͱ˵ѪһǣŷѪһжʱ˷ҷ
壬ѪһԽԽǿˡɫһ¶һĨ𺳵ɫ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ壬ǹŽǿ֮һһɵĻֻֿѹ¡
Ѫ֣īϵζܵ˼޴ջһ㣬Ȼ¸µĹֽС
ŷһĨһֻһ룬Ѹײڶ֮īϵ͹
ŷ硣
ŷЦֻֻӶһ£⣬ȻĶ档
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һ֣㲻ͣɢźе¶һ˲併ʮȡ
Ȼ棬СȴûǷŭĽڲͣҪĿơ
ŷһЦԥһ뵽棬СӷһĲҽУȻ㻯Ϊҽ
ԶڶţһͻȻһѪĿɭȻĶűķ򣬶󷢳һŭתͷҲص뿪


131 
𺮱֮󣬹ŷ粢ûͣ¶ٴù룬īϡ
īɫۿɼٶȻָ󣬲һӣȫָһĻīǵɴ۾ڹŷҽоˡ
һī۾ǰŷʱһ£Щã˵ôˣ
ɫãȻʶľҪ
ŷϽסīü˵Ҫ
īһ㶣Ĳˡֻһ˫ĿԽԽɻ
ڸβһܻЩۣǧҪסŷɫ档
㶵ĵ˵ͷīʵʵ
ŷ翴һ棬ͻȻ壬ְһѡ
˻һīһû˿˵ĻЩѾˡ
ʱһͻȻڷУ˭Ҳûпôֵģ˹ŷ֮⣬ɫɫһ䡣
Ȼ˾ǹŷе壬īɫЩѿһ˾ôˣıھȻһ㶼ûз֣ŭ
īɫŷȻ֪ʲô˵īҲ̫СһλҽʥˣƾЩҪܹס壬ǲء
ʲôҽʥ
ڳ˶ˣǰλߣȻһλҽʥֲô֪뷿Уı˿ֲˡҽʥȾߣһҶ뵽īȻˡ
ϣǾȿҽʥīݼǰīﾪȵ˵
īˣûͬ⣬㴳īסլУ벻Ҫ֡Ц˵һҽʥļӶûУһλͰĳ
īϽ֣˵ңһλҽʥܹңѾĪҫˣﻹȥʲôʽҿ޲ӣҲŮβˣīＸϲķˡ
޲˹ȥīϵ룬һ£Ȼ󾪺ԪҪ

ŷͷ˸ž⣺Ǵ컯ֻˣ̫˷ˣī˲Ϊߡ
ʲô
˻һڳ˶ˣ˲ΪߣǾԼΡĴ֣ԳΪһЩСˣһ
īȣŹŷ磬īĳΪ֣ͿΪıһ£ҲܹΪīҵĵһŮ
˰ɣСŮ޵Ҳõƣһ̤硣ٴ׳һϢīＸϲҪ˹ȥ
īɫЩ㶣֣ڿЦûйֻҪܹΪһͨŮѾˡ
ŷͷϴһĨǸ˵Ǹ˶ī֣Ϊҵԭ԰͵ҶĲ
ŷȴڳ˶סˣһΪ⳥˭Ը⡣Ҳò̾ҲֻҽżҵˣĴֱʡ
Ҫˣһ֮ŷɫء
ͷվŷһֵֻڹŷıϣ˲һӴڡ
ŷͻȻŷ۵ĺâһˡ
һְֻôīϣŹŷĶ߸붼ڷ⣬ӴۼûħС
ŷȣɫ죬жѪ˿ֻһ˫ȴͣͣīĴš
īɫ䣬ҵʹҪһ㣬Ҫʹȥʼһº͵Ϣ񾭣ʹβȥ
ҽУ˼㣬ī˴һȻ¶ż۵ɫ
ʶҪȥסŷΪȴɫס
ҪǣǱؾĽ׶ΣֵΪ̫ˣһͨ˵޷ŷʹ࣬ĥī񡣡ɫ͵ǹȥš
īżȴûа취ҧǰһС
Сʱʱ䣬ŷһֱǽһѪȾǰ½
𡣡
ͻȻŷȣ߸ī⣬һץУһһ㵹ڵϡҺס˹ŷ磬һߵ档
Ǵ󹦸ˡŷһϢһᣬվֻɫЩ԰ס
īＸ˸ϽǰϵīѾԹȥֻɫȴһɽĺΣҼܹܵīУ·һɼֲǱɱǧٴΡ
ףīĲѾκˣˣӵ˿ֵī˷ܵ˼㡣


132 ޻Ѫ
ڹŷ磬īĸмˣһڵ֧Ʊŷûԥֱ¡
һֶͳȥˣôһǮ㲻ʲôɫ뿪һ·Ϲŷɫء
Ǹ˲򵥣Ӧ置Ĵ˾ʵֲܿڣɫдŵǡ
֮أŷʵҪ˽Էʵ
һ£ſڵܰס
˻һŷ絹һǱ֮ʤӿֲǿߣҽʥֶνɣսǿֲһľߣҽʥĶ֡
ȴ˵ԼҪܶԷǺףùŷףԼ鷳ˡ
һܺҽʥǿߣӵصĹȻ߶ԸǣΣգο
Ҫͷɽɡɫ졣
ʱͬʱɫ͡
붼룬Ҫͷ֪һԻҵȣȻȥǸ˾鷳ŷû˵
ξԲܳǼһһߵҪ뻪ٴβȷѪУòҪǸһ˵ĸأڹ̫˽ˣһһ춯ص飬ǿ϶ֵġ
ŷĵͷԼͷӳ
˵ǳһѪȷ磬ҪôƽǾԲˡ
Ǹô죿ɫɵˡ
ͻȻһ⣬˵֪ͨһλѣһˣʱҺλ֣Ǹ置˾ϻ置
˻һŷ۾һϲ˵˵ѵλ
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ĻŷһĻͺá
صժ¥ʱ򣬶ѾϾŵˡ
ŷֱһ䣬ʼϢ
׺жμң˶ηһλߣȻмʮˣȴԵþĵģû˸ⷢһ
ϣôһʵʮ꣬ЩȴһƣѹȸУȻһʩˡ
û£ʱ䣬ȬʱǸŷϵϱһɱôеļʮ˶Ĵ˸£ηˡ
ʱɫɫһӡ
˵ɣʦ߶㵽ô¡һȻı飬߻վӣĴɫһԵӡ
ʦĲ˵߶飬ʵһᡣɫɲΪһƬɭ֣ں߶ҲǶѾĹϵϡ
ʦϢҲˣֻĲԸȢ߶𣿡ɫƽֻɫȴо󱳷
˵ǣһ֪ʲôʱгһѳֱָСɫ
ɫҪޣʦʦҪ
ԸԴͷвЭˣͷɥ˵ԸȢ߶ʦҪᣬʦôƯôܲԸȢء
ͺãȻòûʲôţʻǿҵŮˡջس˵
ɫɥүҲû˵ôòãȻƲٷò˰Ҳ»ɣСС
סһ£պҹ߶ĺǣҶɱ㡣һ仰뿪
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֮󣬿ǰһƬϱڲԫĿɿڴȻڶϱڲԫзһصʬ壬ȫǽ𷢱۵ˣְԱ·жʱףԼˣˡ
ŷǸԼ˽ˣֻһȦףȥ꣬սеǵͷϡ
Ǿпڶѱ棬뵽ѪһۣͬʱĻˡ
˭ʱͼͻȻһһط֣һĨѪէ֣Ǹط˲ҽһеȻһߡ
ͬʱʮϢٳԶ˲ʧ
ڶ죬ۼڰ׺еĸǿߣһϢǿѪɱ˽͢˶ɱ
ͬʱдԵЩѪĿģΪ˶̴ĦӶͼͷۣܵⲻʱĿ⣬ŭ˼㡣
ͼûɵȥҹŷ鷳ǻģڱĹŷ磬Ȼܹġ
뿪׺УٴˡͼغͰͶҲͬ⣬Ǿ׼뿪
ʱȴյһϢҪ㾡ȫõĦӡ


133 ˾Ϣ
ժ¥УŷһУ֪ûߵʱȴЩȡ
ЩѪҪʲôѵĦӵ⣿ɫ˵ǿǷѪͻҪյĻɱĿһ㡣
һнпܣһǸˣһƾʲôƽƽʸ񡣡ŷͻȻڣڳ˶һ㶡
һ⣬Щȵ˵˼ǣǵãѪг˵ǿߣ
ֻеãܹƽƽҵǿȫմĦӣѪѾһˡŷ˸ž⡣
һ˵˶ɫһ䡣
ǿߣȾǿ߶Ҫ߳һ󾳽磬ڴ˵еǿߣѪгԲһ顣
¸񣬵ôģ񵰡ʤͻȻֵ˵һмӡ
Ҳȷʵʸ˵ߵݣҪͻƾ磬Ǹ˵еУȻһλҲη塣
ǿΣĲҰĵطȻȥáϽ˵˸ɱһԾԾԵӡ
ڴһսҲܹѰҵͻƵһΡҲڣɢһֳ֮˶Ҫǿơ
˱̬ŷ糹׷ģĵǿߣҲδֵźá
ȺйˣһҪúõһ٣û¸ʲôչⲻ˵𣿡뵽ʼٸߣŷһƽȴƵ˷˼ϡ
Ͻ˵Ҫһ˰׺еƽ²ùǷٵԭ
ŷһ㶣ЦСһӢľˡ
Ͻһ飬ڻĸҶԷٲˣһֶֻĹУҲֻйŷô޼ɵˡ
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ŷ˵ͷ˳ȥһ䣬һȫ벻ˡ
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ƤӶû̧ŷߵӱ£һԲͶҫ䡣
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ҫˣɲһƶϴӡԣеõһϢֱ֮ҹŷˡ
ҫ˵ɷµӣŷ絹Щˣ̲סһ䣺Էʲôˣ
˵ԭ𣿡û˵ҫҪһŵ
ŷɫһ䣬һɱҫϣ˵ûּۻ۵ʸ񣬲˵
ҫһڵϣг˿־壬̲סҪɱң˵˵μһߣ˵ɱģμҵ֪˵һֲܿ˾ӵĪĹ֪ľֻЩˡ
ʲôӹŷסˣû뵽ҫľȻǸ置˾Ϣ
ҫһۣŷ˵ϢģҾͻø߼ֹͣǣϢǼٵģԼȥ롣
˵Щɫҫ뿪䡣
ŷ罫Ϣʤǣȴûжǵȴһ£ȵѵų֡
ŷҲֻʱϾ̫ǿˣҽʥһΧ˲ɹѵĻ˵һ
ĵȴѵʱһ绰ȴ˹ùŷɫ˲ȥ
ŷϿ̫۸ˣٻٻŪˡ


134 ħ
ŷϽʵ
ˮţϿǡ绰Ǳ߹Ҷϣŷתȥ
ɫæһ䣺ʲôȥ
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ŷЩ꣬һЩ۵ĶǸ鷳ٻԸԲµˣȻǱ鷳ˡ
ˮϣһȺΧһȦָָģ۷׷ס
ȺУ߰˸ˣӵһʮˣһɭȻǰŮˣһͲ̶ûС
ǿǺûУ⳥Ƕʮ򣬻Ǹߣĥĥġһ˴ߴٵϴһĨЦ
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һۣһм˵һ·ֵʮһǧǮǸˣµȥɡ
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ҵҪ֪ôһ˵һҽУֱӷ˳ȥȻ𾪵У䵽µˮС
ͨ˼£ȥ
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ŷɨһܣڸղվ޶ԵЩΧԱһøжûС
ʲôҹӣһһϱΧȺпһֻͻһ㣬Ǿһܿ
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ΪһߣȻһͨ˶֣֫Ҳö𣿡Էʡ
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ŵŵţ
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ȻҲʶһ㣬ҵ飬תܡ
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һ˶ȭͷȭͷײһȻʧ
ħŷɫ䣬һ㣬ɨܡ
ղֵ˾Ƿħֻһʱ䲻ԷԽǿˡôһ飬Ѿ֪ܵȥˣֻʣһȺ£ڹŷ˵ȴûκв
Щ˵鷳ŷٻкһȻתߡ治ȫзħùŷио˲
ղǸȭͷǣصٻĳ棬ٻʵ
һɱֵȭͷǳġŷһ
ɱֽ֣ٻһ
ŷͷһˣЦ˵ǷģһɱֲĿ֮˳ֵģԲõİȫ⡣
㣿ٻǵ˵
ŷһЦ˵İɣԷɱңҪϹı졣
ٻԥһ£ݺݵĵ˵ͷ
ʱŷѡĻٻǷǳĵġ


135 
ûܳԶ㱻һߴӰסȥ·ܵԷŨɱһ
˭ʵȫʱ׼ߡܹоǰ˾Բڹŷ磬һµǿߡ
޵ɱ֣ħߴӰתͷȻǷħ
޵ò񿤻ȻɫҲû룬תܡһµɱ֯ϣɲһ顣
䡣
ħ磬嵽ǰݺݵһȭ˳ȥ
񿤱ɫĵֻֿȻˣҲ³һѪɫס
ȻĶŷħһŵɫ˶ǶߣȻԷһжӲס
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136 ƭ
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ɫţҪһ
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Ȼ֪ǰǸһǾģҪǲһ͸ϽǮͷţƺ˵
һȺСɫŹ֣ԼϴʲôУǻǺģ˵ܻ࣬ɱˣûǸ
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ЩݵУŷóֻͨһ绰


137 
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βãҿԡ
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ģһȥģҴһڶƷմϼ˵Ϊ䲻񫣬ŲԸء
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˵Ҫءŷһ˫ӶһĨаЦ


138 ǲˣ
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ٻһӶΪǣȴһߣ飬İ飬ŷĻ˵ĺףְ飬
ŷ綨ĿһᣬͻȻЦˣûп㣬ҸҵŮˣҵ׷ɡ
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ֻǣһעҪʧˣԺһӰ֮ȥ
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ѿһЦŷԥ˵ʲôֻղ˵Ҳˣڹ֤㿴

һȺ춼Ŀǣ⻰ôôءǲˣҪô֤뵽ǶһۣԿԷе
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λֵܣﲻȴȥѵһ£пһԶٷ͡ŷЦ˵Ե쳣
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ǣö֮뿪˾֡нԼһȺһ¸͸ˣһĻҲţ˸ŭ𣬾ŷ翸˳档


139 Ƶ
Ƿڳ棬ŷ⿪Ѩӿһҵļһ֡
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ˡ
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Ķɫŭŷ磬֪ڸʲôԺ׼ôұá
νҲϲѾͷҪƤĸҵĻҲһˡŷƲƲ˵ҪѾԷˡ
˵ţŷȴûͣĽǵĿӣѵֻʣһˡ
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ŷһסǣ§ڻУһڣȻЦ˵ŲҪԴףŮҿɲҪС
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ү˵Цˣūô˺үءЦ˵ȹ趯һֵӣΪŮ˵ǣ¶Եɫ
һǵУ˲ѹʶղԼ״̬Ƕʱɫ䣬ɫҲһĨ塣
ţüֱǷ˵ŮˣȻϢнԼˡҪǹŷ֪ǵ뷨϶ЦãϲڵĹȻͼĴȥԻЦ˵Ĵ


140 
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ţȥˡǵı飬ŷ֪е𺳣Ҳ˵ƣֻЦкһ
ɫһ䣬ŭŹŷ磬˵ΰɣ߲ǿﹻԼηˡ
ŷƲƲ죬ֱһѱסǣȻ˳·Цһŭʵȥ
Ҫȥϰ࣬ȥ֣ҲͶף㡣ǲԹ˵˵ԼĻ
ŷüͷһҲ˵ֱӿʼԼ·
һĻһžŵغҪʲô
ааһЦŷ綢ǣȻһҲǱ̣ҲǣǺβĴأˡ
ɵˣĶŹŷ磬һһԾԾԵӣԲڿЦ
ˣˣһؼҰɡһϣҲˣƤƤֱܡ

Ȫ·Сźű˵ЩǱ۾λϣһͷ΢ĺ
ŷ緢ƽȶٵǵļҸȥ
һǾסһСУŷûŪǣǱһԿףֱӽŸˡ
ҵǵķ䣬ŷĽ£óۻˣĶûнŪѡ
ǵĶͷһ£ŷת뿪䡣
֮ǵ۾ˡ
ɫӵĶŹŷ뿪ķĵ̾һ
򿪷ţŷ߳ȥȴſվһŮһԿף׼ţŷʱŮһС
ô⣿ŮǱˣʣͬʱȥ
㡣ŷ緭˸ۣûʲôøС
תҪߣȴסһɵӶŹŷ磺ѵҼ͵ģУ㲻ߣȥ֡
ŷվһ˫ĵĶϣЩë
ʲôЩɫ˵
ƨɲ˰ɣŷ絭Ŀڣһ˫βǴһĨаЦ
ɫŭå㡣
һ˹ŷһֱԽһգˤڵϡ
үãԭˣû´ˡŷЦ˵ͷҲأԼݱߣ˽ȥ
ӷ뿪
ŭ쵰˵ɫǡ
С˭أһ˹˳


141 ֵͼ
ǣ˾ͣſڵ㣬ǸôģЩɵĶǣֱܲԾ
ĻҲʶף˼£ɫȴ쳣ƽ˵е飬æһ¡
ʲô飿ɻˣ㻹ʲôҪҵŷæġ
ǻܣܸ㣬ʲôɫ˵Ȼתƻ⡣
ɲ֪͹ŷ飬һ鴫峤ȥԻȻ󲨵ġ
Ͼŷδ򣬲ġ
ǵĻ˾ͣҲûʣȻЩ˷ܵ˵˵׺лչᣬҪȥʱȥɡ
ҡҡͷ㲻㣬ء
Щʧµĵ˵ͷϾԼԼһһֵĸֳ϶кܶҪæ
չݱӵİȫʱʱ䣬ȥҰɡٴοڣһ㶣һŭ˵ѽ㣬Ȼƭңҵץצ֡
һֱֻϮȥһУӾҪ㿪ͻȻƺһҵʹһԣˤ
һĻһϽסǣһеʵ㣬ôˣ
˵ұδƴˣ۵ͷҲֻѣ˸ѵץС͵ʱ򣬰ˡ
ǾͺãȥϢһ°ɣֹøҪʲô죬ǵġֹеĹøǵĸס
ûµģϢһ¾ͺˡЦ˵ȴЩȻ
뿪ŷصժ¥ȴõһϢµĴѾ׺ˡ
ʲôӵ˭ŷüͷµĴʲô˼гҪʲô
ûô򵥣ɵ̫ˡٿЦ
ʲôŷɫÿ
̽崫£˶ΪҵͽҪΪҵڶʮߴ棬׺УǵĵһվϽڵһ⡣
˻ŷ絹һôҲû뵽ȻͷȻҪͳһԼ档
ǸϺзð֮踣⵽ֵĹͬƣԼܳܵ𣿡侲ŷһ
û˵ҲһͷǷˣԲľġ
оûô򵥣Ǿ䣬ֵͺ¿Ⱥӵײ̵Ⱥ˵ϳȥʤڣһ˿â
ɫЩԥʤЦǣάͨڵİȫ֤ڼ䣬˼޹ȵ֮ٽ˶ϳ׺УȻСĵֹ̣κγȻפ
ǿ²ŷü˵
޷ʱ÷һ£ǻҪһӵģΪЩϼһǳصġʤЦ˵򷨹٣̬
ٿЦǱԣ룬˵û⣬׺бŷƿأƿҪǿö࣬ҪһͳľٶҴӦˡ
СӻǺϵģʤЦ
ŷҲЦˣȷʵûгưԵͷɵŻ飬ŷֻԼĻгһ㣬ԲҪ׺Լƿء
Цʱ򣬵绰ȴ
ŷ˵绰洫һͯɵ壬£㲻Ҹ˰ɡ
ôأôСأʲô飿ŷЦ˵
Ҿ֪϶ˣһһֱڼ㡣
Щ˵һίԹŷ˴ӦԼ飬Щġ
һŷһ£ӦӦ£ҪȥάԼİ顣
뵽ŷϽ˵С£һᣬôأһ͵˵ŷȥ
ϴϴ޶㵽ˣ̫ˡСɫֹ
ǲǺĽһĵ
ǰֱ̫ˬˡɫʶĻش˲ԼǵĿˮһģ
漴;쵽ԣ˴һ£˵ȥȻһĶðɱ
ĸˣҿЦģҴˡɫ޵
򡣡
񿪿ڣֵȴӣһЦָž죬ɫ˹ȥ
ɫңĵС̣ҴˣҰɡ
ɻ̾Ϣ


142 ְ
ұŷƣѾˣԺϰΪһԡ
ڹŷǺкøУǿֶҽҪǶģǿٹŷЩӵҪǿˡ
˵ŷ֣˵ͬʱ¶һĨϲ⡣
壬ˣһΪ㲻Ըȥء˹СЦݡһѱסŷȣĥš
±ŷЦ˵ôأȻӦˣͿ϶᲻ͷĺˡ
ЦĸˣͻȻŷĶߣ˵壬ܴӦһ𣿡
صӣùŷ綼Щˣ˵ͷҪСһҪʲô
Һְ𣿡С˵ֻ˵ʱЩⲻЩߣٻѩ˶ˡ
ɫһ죬û˵ֻǽĿŷ磬ڵĻش
ٻѩɫȴЩÿЩʧǵӣֻڼ˵עڹŷϣȴû˿ı顣
ֻһ£ŷͺԥĵͷȻˣܵСµİְ֣Ǻܿĵġ
̫ˣаְඡ´ϲͻȻŹŷһڣȻͣغְְ֣֡
ԼĺӣЩᡣ³ûжã׾ѾȥˣѧУʱʱᱻͬѧ۸˵ûְֵĺӣһ˺
ڿ¿ĵӣԼҪΪŷŮ˵ľʵ̫ˡ
ˣʱ쵽ˣȥѧУɣҲҪȥϰȥˣСһҪסǧʦһʱ䣬Ц˵
İɣ裬аְأһʦСһеĺ˳ڣǹŷоЩΡ
ϾƤٺҲûй־˺ְ֣һֺĸоһ˲䳤һ
Ц˵йŷڣҲŲģСƢ뵽ŷһЩΪ񶼾ǲԼҲӦøȥԹŷƢһиʲôˬĵطʦˡ
ٻѩͬУʱ䷢˼飬ڹŷҲһʶԲһ͵ˣһʦ˵ʲôĻŷٷ֮ٵĻᶯ֡
һ񣬹ŷӣЩ˼˵Ǳôһ᲻˼ġ
ûڿ㡣ٻѩ񺹡
ֻ±ŹŷĲӣһݵӡ
ùŷЩƮƮȻ˳ݵĸоǲȻԷֻһСƨ
ϰȥˣٻѩҲȥѧȥˡŷ£ų׶԰ȥѧУʱԵЩţСϴһĨ
ְ֣˵ʦͬҺһ𣿡ʵ۾ǿŹŷ磬ϣõ϶Ĵ𸴡
ŷ絭һЦȻҡҡͷСһ϶ʱ¶ʧɫ
ʦӦְ費ӦİɣһһġŷЦ˵Ժ鲻䣬ҲĺӻЩججָ飬ȴӴ⡣
ŷĻµ۾ʱĵʵ𣿡
š
ŷ϶Цˡ
ͣ£ŷ߽׶԰ʱСѿһĻ¶ɻɫǸ߰İͷһӡ
ЩͬѧŷͻȻʵ
µ˵ͷȻС¶һĨ߷߲ƽ˵ǶǻƽʱǳЦң˵ûְֵĺӡ
˵µСһ˿ѹԵЩɥ
ŷͷЦ˵ڲѾаְſЦŹŷ֣ѧУС
߽µİ༶ǿŹŷͻȻֵĴˣдһĨ档
ҵİְ֣Ժ˭Ҳ˵ûаְֵĺˡ´˵һӡ
ֻǹŷȴЩ֪̾⺢ǰܹί
༶СǴ󻩣һ߸׳׳кվָ˵˵ѣİְ֣ôᣬƭˡ
кʣ༶ֺģеĺӶָ£˵ƭˡ
±˷ܵסˣȻ޴룬֣̿Ӵ۾£޵Ұְ֣ûƭˡ
Сһŷ̾Ϣһ±ȻĿɨһȺӣеСӶסˣ̽ͱˡ
һĨаЦŷ綢ǸСк˵ôСµİְأ
ǸСкڹŷעԵЩ£ǹ˵ְֶܵģҪܰһשͷϣҾµİְ֡
ΪʲôҪשͷŷЩ㶣ֲ⺢ʲô߼
ΪҰְܴשͷֻܴשͷģԼİְ֣Ҫ֤Լµİְ֣ҪשͷϡСк˵
СкĻСֹĸоòǰְ־ͲܴשͷѵԼְǼٵģ뵽СһȥһҪԼְִשͷԡ
û⡣ڴĿУŷʹĴӦһۣſڵŵһשͷŷȻкӵľУһƽשͷˡ
ۣҰְһְˡǸкһ㶣󺩺ЦϿɹŷˡ
кϿɣСҲͷϿɹŷݡͬʱǿµһˣһ˿С
ȻЩӵУаְֲǺһˣͬѧûаְֵĺӣࡣ
ŷȻܹܵ߼ЩЦãͬʱҲòпЩӵͿɰ
㡣
ʱһԵ쳣ļ


143 
ŷתһˣһױСŮĶԼЩֹвû˵Ĵڡ
ҹŷ緢֣¿ŵСŮޱȡ
жʱȻŮĻ¿еݡ
ǣ룬ŷûв˦ˣϾάģġ
ˣ㲻ʶˣУұٷ˴һǹǶҡ˼˵
ĻŷһԼǵãǹˣϡǰЩơ
뵽ŷЦˣʵû˰ɣ
û£˶ˣȻĻûˡ˸пǧᵽյ飬оЩ¡ºЩҽ˵˼ʱƣԱס
ҶˣҹŷɡŷЦ˵
Ҳˬ죬Ц˵УҽﲨֵҪǲĻͺһɡ
硣ŷʹı㺰һﲨ¶һĨЦݡ
ŷһЦװʵ磬ÿ춼ͺѧ
ŷĻﲨһ˿գЦ˵ҺٹģƽʱǼıķ͹ֻһ飬ұһˡ
ʲô飿ŷһʵ
ﲨԼŮһۣ̾һ˵Ҳ֪ǰһСӣᾹȻѧ̸Ůݣֱ̫ˡ
һŭµĲ΢΢һ£ȻǱﲨŵˡ
ŷЦĿСһһۣ̾ڵĺӲʡİ
ŷЩ̾ﲨ˵Ҳǣʵ̸ҲûʲôҪǸССôʵҲˣ¶Է᲻ѧãҺӡ
ﲨĻŷɫЩ죬Ц˵˼ǣҪǸкҼҵĺӾˣǲǣ
ﲨȻЩ֣ǵ˵ͷ
ŷ¶һۣԿԷϵЦݡﲨŮݣҲĿɿڴŹŷ磬Ȼһݵӡû뵽ǰ壬һӾͰԼƽʱϰָˡ
ϿһŮ˹̬飬ֻǿĳ֣º˶ͷһµӡ
⣬Ӧþ˵ʦ½㡣
ŷ£½һ£ʵλǣ
¸Ͻ˵Ұְ֡
˻һ½㳹סˣĵϸ˽ⲻ٣ûˡ뵽½ɫһʵС£˵ѿɲǺúӡ
ûֱ˵ûиףԼϡ
½ϵȴ¸ҵ̧ͷ֮ӣôͯ˵Ұְ֣ʦû˵ѡ
½һ£û뵽¾Ȼϡüͷ½㻹ڡ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴЩȥˣ˵λ½ʦǰɣȷʵСµĸףûбҪҪһ˵ѣ˵Ķʵ
ŷĻ½㽫ĿתʱĹŷɫȻһɳȵϢһɽһ㣬ѹԡ
ܵŷƣ½ɫˣһˣԲмںͱѣΪûбҪ
ʲôϵ̲סʳеʣ½㿴ŷһ⣬֪Լ˵ˡ
ĵĿ½һۣŷһĨЦҵŮˣ⺢ӵİְ֣ûʲôɡ
Ȼ⡣½һڿˮȴûи˵һߵﲨһۣתƻ⣺Ȼºݵļҳˣھȥ칫Ұɣӵһ¡
˻һﲨɫúܾʣԼŷˡﲨЦŹŷ磬û뵽ԼҵǸܺӣȻǹŷŵСһ
뵽Լղ˵Ļﲨ̲ס졣
ˣղѾˡŷֵ˵
½¶һ˿ʣﲨﲨЦŵͷѾˣӼȻ໥ϲһɣôͣҲʲô顣
ղĻѾ˵ˣȻٸĿڣҶԷԼ˵ĺӣȻ͸Ӧˡ
½Щ㶣Цݵ£һҸݵģǲǷˣôССҳȻҲ
˵ЩʲôŷȴĿһۣ½һ׹ѵĸоʱ½ԹԵıˡ
ˣǵ飬Щ˾ͱˣ磬пյʱһȥֻҪժ¥˵ҾˣҲҵŷЦ˵׼뿪
Сƨȴ˷֣ܵ۵СһĶŶԷеô¡
ŷĻﲨһ£Ȼ˵ͷ˵ãû⣬û뵽ֵܻһϰ壬һŰݷá
ժ¥м֣½㿴ŷдһĨ졣


144 Ůӵⲫս
ŷ뿪֮½һɣʱ뿪˰༶ص˰칫ңͨһ绰
绰ǱһĮʲô飿
ˣǰ׺ժ¥ϰ塣½Ͻ˵
绰Ǳ߳ĬһᣬĮ˵֪ˡȻ˵绰½һ档ÿ֮ͨǾһսʪ͸ˡ
ŷ翪ų뿪׶԰øȥ
ҪԼ˵ûУ置˾һ󻼣һָ֣֮ڹŷ˵һв
Ӹߵϣŷɫһһ⣬ȻͻȻͷһطײ˹ȥ
ǸطӰһһӰٵ롣
ŷĮӰķϳӰݡ
ħ޵Ľɱ֣һͻƵ˶⾳磬Ҫдɱֻһ֣ͱŷʶˣûжֵĻᡣ
ԶħվһɫѾȫԼˣȴû뵽Ȼŷ緢ˣֵĻᶼûС
óһƿɫķĩħЦһͲţӵϺʵʱɱŷ硣
ãŷֱȥֻɫЩ飬ĴţǸ뺷Ĵ衣
ŷӣԱ͵Цһιŷ£ҲжţһֵòС
˳ãҲûλ裬ŷһ
ֻûˮЩ֣˳ˮ˹ȥ˼ţŷ뵽һ档
ʱ򣬷һűˣһĽŮӴ˳ݾ£ǰ̺ȻͦţëԼ壬Ȼûз֣Լķһˡ

ŷ羪һȻԼ۾å
Ůһ㶣жˣ˭Ůˣһ￴Լ壬ԼȴеôͻȻʶʲô飬ʱһ޵ٵļȻͻȻһŷ˹
󣬹ŷɫһ䣬һǿߣ
ܣŷֱǰһˣסŮӵȣȻֱӽѹ
Ů¶ŵɫȻǿùŷѪڷڣʹ
Ůˣס֣Ҳǹġŷ˵Ů˾ȥ
ŮҧгݵĶŹŷ磬ŭſҡ
ſԣӦңҷſ֮㲻ܼҹ
ܡ
ŷüͷһ˵ŮӲ֪ʲôʱһֻѳˣֱŷ̫Ѩ˹ȥ
ŷһҲϽճһֻ֣סŮӵĹⲫԷҪƷ֡
еĶֻҪͻ÷飬ͷαһ㣬ˡ
ùŷ𾪵ǣŮȻ˿쳣ǿȻʱ˶ʹȫŷ缡һ㣬˸ű⣬ÿһз֮
Ůӽⲫ˴ʱᱻҪλȻһУ
ֻԽˣŮԽݣɢʵĹΣһ㣬ŷ磬ò¡
壬ǿŮˡŷоһ
ŮҲǱ壬壬Ϊͬһ磬˭ҲѹƲ˭
˵ŪĶܴнŲŮӵɫˡ
ſҡŮҧ˵սȥˡһߵ͹ŷΣֱûˡ
ţӦҲٳ֡ŷȻ׷֣һһŮ˻Ҫ֣˵Բһ¡
ҪƷŮӣֶξпܣŷ粻Ե޹ʵսŮ˳ãȻǵˣпѣƾ㣬ûкͶԷ򶷵ıҪˡ
ܡŮҧгݣռôıˣĴս˰죬ԼŹԲܡ
ŷƲƲ죬ȻǾˣǼɡ
Ůɵˣӷŭ۾ˣݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
𲻴Ӧŷʵһ㶼סвԷֻҪŮӲӦͲ֡
ŮȻҲ˼ŲԽԽ¶ԥɫݺݵĵһ۹ŷ磬ŭҴӦˡ
ڣŷûɿٴһ䡣
ڡŮǵһҪɱ˹ŷ磬ĿŶȣŷ籣ֻɡ
ҲǽŲԽԽˣŷȻһĴŮ¶ڱǰʹķſŮӣȻһߡ
Ȼ뿪˹ŷǯƣŮӺݺݵһ˳ȥȴһա
ŷٺһЦתȥŮӸϽ·ϣ·֮űƿˣ˽ŷҲڣõķ䣬ɴ۾Ȼʶһ䣺ǰɣ˸ʲôأսôҡ


145 й
Ļŷɫһ죬Ȼһ׽ڴı顣
¶ȻɫЦ˵û뵽Ƿչô죬ŷ磬ȸһúӣԺһҪúö
һģġŷһĵı˵
ȸŮӣ۾ɵõϴ˵ĶԻŪסˡʲôչô죬ҪǸɶļһúõĶԼ뵽ȸһץĳ嶯
ͷ˵ʲôȸŭָͷž죬Ĳһʶһ
һĻŷһҽʥɵļһе㷢ëˣʶԶȸ
ȸ֪ŮӼҺߣ˼ϾΨһĳЩ飬ȻҪ˵Ц˵ɫСȸᷢһ
ȸȷʵǷˣû֣ŷˡһ׹˸ŷһԥ˹ȥ
ֻովоһɺԼҵŷת۳һѪݺݵ˹ȥ
ȸƤһٻǵ׹⣬ֱ׹ϣŷſʲôһʲôһһĳ棬еС˵ֻǻѩףûۼףĸצԵ쳣˸ź⡣
ŷ羪һȸˡ
ǹƳ֮ޱȣһȫɳƾԿɺɨǿߡ׳棬Ѿƣղǹŷ磬κһ֣㲻Ĺ
һӵб壬һӵбĹƳ棬ŷԼѾ³ȸˡ
壬λȸС㣬ǲǹҽʥĴˣŷͻȻɫһȻѯʵ
һ㶣Щɻ˵ǲѾһôȸⶼûи㣿
ȸɫһڣҪһٵĳ嶯
ͷҸ㲻Ҫ˵Һ쵰ûйϵҪ˵йϵĻҲǳ˹ϵһҪɱ쵰ȸҧгݣµСһƬ䣬ŷֱҪһ
ŷӣûнӻȻȸΪʲôôԹ
զ࣬ʱҲʶ˲ԣĿͶŷ磬ЩʵʲôŭԹˣ
ҽŷ翪ڣû˵꣬ͱȸˣĶŹŷ磬ɭɭ˵ҪǸ˵ˣΪ书ңҪɱһˣֶҪ
˵꣬ڹŷ𾪵Уȸ߳һĹƳ档
ҡӹŷȫֲסˣйȫˣֲŮ˸˵ĻȻйûгɳĻǿ߶Ҫͷܡ
һڿˮһξ顣
û£ûκ飬ˣҽģȳȥ̸°ɡŷЦ˵Ҫ뿪
һֲŮˣһӶͶԷһ
ҡҡͷЦ˵óȥ֪Ϊʲô飬置˾飬ȸֲС
ŷɵˣû뵽ˣȻǹҽʥˣͽܣ뵽Լղŵȸŷһͷ
ȸбŹŷ磬¶һмı˵ԭͷеĲˣҿֱǴɫһֲͷȺ仰һ㶼ûд
ɴ۾ôԼˣʲôۣѵ˵Ҳһɫǡ
磬ȸͺһۣЦ˵㲻磬͵ʦϴ裬ʦͷΪҲ֪òȻͷӡ
ɫһ죬û뵽ҽʥȻҲȸͷ󺹣ŷóݵԼ̲סʲôʢ𣿿֪ҽʥж𣿵µһŮû֮һ
ŶŷһŲû뵽ȻˡԻ͡Ĺȥϵȫһ¡
ɫΣȴʲô˵ҲΨһһ°ɡ
ߡ
ȸһм˵˶ʲôöҹȥ񣬾Ҷ˵ֱӳ˳ȥ
̫ˡŷ˲Դϵ亹
֪ȴҡҡͷãǸĸףꡭһµӣѿھҪ˵飬ŷһԵɫϵĴסˡ
ʲôŷȤʵ
ȿȡεĿ䣬ڹŷԴһû˵Сƨôʲôһȥ
ŷ磺ҡ


146 ȸ
ķţôԸ置˾ϾԷǹ֣ұʵҲھУȺܶǿ߶Ҫ
ҪʤǰǸ置˾˰ɡŷ
ֱɱ˿϶У置˾еλߣҪǲһȺ置׷ɱĻ÷ͷֱӷ˹ŷ顣
ôһ˵ŷҲ֪ԼеˣٺһЦ˵飬Ͻ
ڤ˼ʱű߿һĻ𱬵ŮһƤ˽
һӣŨױĨȴԵӹףһּ侪޵ĸо
ŷ綼Щˣȸûκεʱ֮󣬸ӵĿѣһֱֲӵĸо
ǸƨֱţǸ쵰置˸ҳҲ⽫ȫɵȸ𱬵˵һ㶼置˷С
£ļˣ˵⻰ľֻȸˣҪúõĿһ£ܹҪҪ置һȺ̬
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һۣȸֱһ֣ЦͷԽԽȥˣǵõΪʦĻģһˣħ£±ѣǺεȵӢ۸ȴհǰ˺һһҪʦ֪ˣԺ㡣
ŷɴ۾Ȼһݵħ£˱ѣҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
Ҫ֪ħ²һ򣬶ǴһֲĴǿֶܴӶԷѣǶǿ
ŷ籾ΪԼѾܸ߹ˣڲŷ֣ԼԶԶ͹ͷʵԲֹô򵥡
ȿȣǺðɣɱɱˣϷҲİȫҪ¹ŷ¡ûƢˣֻͬȸĻ
ŷȴɴ۾ϻΪֺȸֱӽԼˣҳ£㻹Ӧëѽ
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ȸȴЦˣ˹ŷһۣЦ˵ãһ
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˵ʲôȸҲŭˣ֣ɭȻĿⶢڹŷϣԾԾԡ
ŷ˿ʾƱǣ̶ֵļơ
ˣʵһ㡣ͻȻŭһ㶡Ǹ뷴һӴƱǵŭ𶼸ѹƻȥˡ
˱ѹƵİһЦãܱܲôƢñ˿ЦǲǣһҽżҵĴˣһҽʥĵӣѵһû𣿡
ˣ˶֨ˡȻȸͷ϶𾴣лǽģˣԼͱϡ
ŷҲһȻжĳȴ쳣صģһҲ
˶ĵ˵ͷ˵ȻѾˣھȥ置˾һȵϣƳû˵ܲ
ŷ˵ͷȻҲף׼ڰ춯֡
ϵʤǰŷ˵
мĿ˹ŷһۣȸЦãһ置˾ѣòôֳ֣㹻ˡ
ŷĿɿڴĶȸеԴˣǿһԿҽʥǿߣֶξ죬һƴĻ˵ǿߣٶҲδסο
㲻žͰˣԼȥɱȸ߰ޱȣЦ˵תߡ
ҲվĹŷļЦ˵߰ɣȸɣȻ˵ҪɱԷͿ϶аյģѾͷ˵󻰡
Ҳô˵ˣŷ绹˵ʲôֻʼ磬ˡϾ置˾ΪΪȥսŷȥĻ˵ȥ
ҩſڣһɫķȸȥֱ֮ӷȥ¹ŷ
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ŷһ㶣ͻȻʶԼһֱһ⣬ﲻʾܶԼһҽʥжֲŷ綼롣
ǹŷȴԿ϶ǷʲôĶҪ𶯡
һҽʥƣܼ


147 ǿμ
μұθڴϣ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
űƿһʮ˽Ƕμҵļε¡Լӵӣ¶һ۵ɫɫЩ
֡
ľȻĽ۾ת˹θպһû˶
նģǸŷˣаڣQ˶áε°ο˵һ⡣
۶θڱ˵ж಻Ͼ۰Ķӣִܵ֫ϵˣѹ·˴ϣλȨĶμҼгŭʵԷѾȥնɱŷˡ
θľȻĿԼһۣһ⡣
𣿡θʵһɿ̹ĵĺ⡣
š
εµͷ쳣϶аϼֱһĴڣȻҲ˴ˣǶεȴţǸܴ˰ϵǿߣһֱػŹŷ磬ֻҪлᣬϱȻܽŷɱ
뵽ε¶һĨЦ⡣
ӳڼĻ뵱УȻһ죬ǶˣȻҽС
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ΪǿμңҪһǿˣȴû뵽Էֻһˡ뵽μҵȫ¶Цݡ
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ꡣ
ŷһȭȣҽһȴŷһڶ棬ȻʮףûϢ
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һ˴ӻͳһǹŭĳŷ۶
ǹ죬ŷЦһмӵð
μҵĿɿڴʶ˲ףǰ꣬һǿаˣǹевˡ
͸㡣
һ˦Ǽӵ˻ȥжԷüġ
ǹһ仰û˵ڷѪɽ˾㤡
ε¸߳㿴һĻŷòʱɫ䣬Ȼԥȥ置İϣŷǿɱֻаϲܶԸ
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ŷҡҡͷ˵ҪΪǣҪΪңһҪɱңҪñұ׼
˻һμҵĳԱȫɫ䣬뵽ŷˡ
ǸˡһμҳԱɫη塣
ޡ
ŷһĭ˹жԷüģԷػʮײǽϣѪ˳ʧȥ
μҳԱɫ䣬Ŷ೤ʱ䣬㱻ɱˣŷ̫ײˣһҪɱ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫ˣڿɱ޹õӦġһʮվ˳ָŹŷŭ
һһߣμеǿߣǶεµ壬μҡ
һ᲻õӦǲ֪֪ǣǽһߣȫҪŷ翪ڣɱʮ㡣
Ҫնݳһ
ŷԼҪʴȣرԵ˵ʱ򣬲󻼣һŵĹ
ʲô
μ˱ɫʱһȴǰһ˷Σŷгɱ
ϡ
μ˻ǵıˣʶϵֶΣǲΪŷǰϵĶ֡
㾹ȻɫŹŷ磬ɱ˸
ŷбһЦΪʲôңһСүûм㣬ˣһξûôˡ
ɱңһ㶣ЦЦЦһ߾ȻҪɱһǿߣıԼ첻ʶˡ
͵ЦһͣɭȻĶŹŷ磬ŭϷȥɡ
ûԳ֣ǴзɳСӣǲӬһСɢŨȳζŷ˹ȥ
ŷɫ䣬ֻ¶һĨЦ
ڴʱ˹ֱһƳ档
ɫ䣬Ȼ͵һѪŵĶĿɭȻһ
һŮӣƤ¿㣬޹䣬ʱﻹ߶ζԴࡣ
ĻɫѿٴһѪ


148 ˾
𣬹Ȼϲģ˼ҵϱûгɹ¹ƣƳ汻˸ˣ㻹˲ƲƲ죬ȸм˵Ȼʶϣǳ˲м
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ĿɭȻĶȸϣʵ˭
ûзȸĻȻȸ˵ȫʵŷʱҲˣдһĨӣûɹͲ˵ˣ˼¹ƣ˼ֱ̫ˡ
ֲһ蹷һ¹ƣԭһˣˡŷʼ磬Ȼ˵
ɫѿֻȴûзղĳ֣ľս뵽һ
˭㲻֪Ҹѡһ뿪置Զٳڶѡȸ˵쳣ǿơ
ŭЦ置еĵλε磬ʲôʱô˵ȻѾµȸҲ˲еĹ˼ɡ
һһѡ񣬾ɱǡɫȫɱϡ
ȸЦһˡЯűɱ𡣰ɫһ䣬ŵĶû뵽ȸȻռ
û˦Ƴ뷨Ϊ¹Ƴ֮һйƳ棬ǶôǿĹƣȥҲֻͲˡ
һ˫ֺƣһӴӭ
У֡ʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˣһ磬Ѫۣȥ
ɫһƣѪɳȥ
ʱٴιϢתǾȻһ󷨣Χ֧ҵԵЩǱ
ȻΪǿߣһ붼ڹƳ棬ƣü䲻ϰߡ
μҵ쳣ԾΪȻݿ࣬ɱŷ硣ȴû뵽һŮӣȻð쳣Ǳͷ˭ʤ˭ܻ˵
뵽μҵĳԱȫһڿˮʤ
𱬷ͬɨһСУ˻ȥ
ŷҲһϽÿ
ǿޱȣٸϣҪɱŷ硣
Ǿǿߣı죬һħһ㣬ܴݻһС
ŷ粻ٱѪһ㣬һ̫ͼ֣ȥһ˲·ضҪˣҶؿֲޱȣȻֶӲӡ
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ȻˣҲܵ޴ѹ·ʱᱻݻ١
ߡ
ǱȸһûڣϢ䣬ɢſֲƣڰ
ʲôɫܵȸʵһ˲Լ൱ĵزˡ
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ߡ
ȸЦܲˣֻ𹥻ֻڹƳյߵʱͻȻסˣήȥڵϡ
аɫϵһ¶ŵɫ

ȸϣָǿˣѹ·硣
ŷȸѪڰĻ棬Ѫһս˶ѵõǿߣ񱩣Ҫ˺һС
˳׵·磬ס˵֡ŷҲùмΣܵش
ս˰ȻͻȻһˣȻٵȥ
ŷ˸ۿҪӳȥ
ʱһɿֲϢ죬ֱа
ڳˣǿޱȣɨ񷣬ðҽһɳȥ
ڵϣ鴤Ҫվȴ
һܵشݻˡ
û뵽ҰȻпѪѪС
˹̾Ϣҡͷ˵֪ˣαصأ˾ˣϿ׳ֵʱ򣬲Ϊ置ǹҽʥȱסȺۣ置Ѿ̤ƽˡ
ǣЩɢŬĶҪŪݡ

ȿҽʥû뵽ҰʮҽʥУˣҵĴЦҲһ˿ѡ
ı۾Ͼ
һ˾ΪΪۣһࡣҡͷڰͿ׼ҵһԵҲ֪˵Щʲôá
ŷȴûЩĿתƵ˶μҳԱϣϴһĨЦ


149 
μҳԱɫ䣬ǵϵ⣬׸
ԹŷɭȻĿ⣬˻ܵвĿתЩˣҡҡͷ˰ɣһɡ
ŷȴҡͷնݲ紵
û˵ֻǻҡҡͷȻ󱳹ȥһ̣μҳԱ֪Լˡ
ҽͣЩӣȴһӲˣʮȫŷɱż˴֪ʲô飬رǶԵˡ
ȸŷ񶼴һĨ壬ǰһˣֱһħɱϣһûС
˶μңҲȥ˹ŷһĲǱһ˵ţվһ¡
ŷȴ֪μҵĳԱûбɱꡣһЩԱ⣬жεºͶθӣڷ棬֤һС
˳𲻱ĲΪˡεŭ
һһľĶθգв֪ʲôʱһѵӣݺݵĲ˶θյš
θյɴ۾ֱͲԼ׾ȻɱԼ
ڱ˵Уɱ㣬ŷ硢ǸŮˣǸҵţټ֮ޣᱨġݵ˵һ䣬εҵеܵĵ뿪
ŷҵʱ򣬿θյӣʱ̲סɫ
úݵ϶ŷ絽һ
ȸɫҲÿһܺĵԼĶӶɱ书ô̫ˡ
öε»ųȥȻԺ϶鷳ϡŷϵ˵
Ҳɫ࣬˶ԼʼѰҶε¡
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ͷûٶ˵ʲô
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ϰ壬˵Сӡһ
֪ˣŷһ֪˭ˡ
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˵ͷŷ÷ȥߵմϵߣȻסеһѨ
մϵʱӲٳ鴤ŷóһ룬մϵԴ˼£Ȼ⿪մϵѨЦ˵ˡ
մϵɴ۾ʱŷԼȻȫָҲ鴤ˣȻлҪѾ˺ܶˡ
ֻҪ㲻ȥ⣬һ£Ķܹȫܿһ־ܼᶨˣһҪסŷմϵļ򣬹˵
ӵֶΣҲֶֻ񫣬ϵĶ񫣬ȴûа취
մϵͷᶨ˵İɣھͻؼңһ²ţŶһԽġ
˵תҪ뿪ŷȴס
մɻУŷ翪һ֧Ʊݵմϵϡ
óԵĲ壬ô꣬𺦵һºܹɹ񫣬ұ壬һԽ书
ģմϵɴ۾¶ɫ
ŷǼʶģʮ˶סһӣֱսһǿа
ҪǹŷϽ书ԺҲӵʵһմϾļ
ͿԼŬˡŷЦ
մϺݺݵĵ˵ͷתȻ뿪


150 һ
׺лһӢòеŮ۾ģвŮ
лǴŹ⻷һض·Ľɶ
˶ԷΪÿ˵·û˸ǰ棬û˸ǰһ
꣬ܶһһĸо̲סҪڵء
֮ˣϧڹŴȻǧŵĴһ߿̲꣬ס̾һ䡣
ͷɣκʱһ£оȻһźͷ꣬ɫ𾪡
ϵۣǿǻĵ˽ֲ̫ˡһ𷢱۵⾪
ȴǿûпһֱۣ˳ȥһ˼񣬰Ӳ
棬һŵĳͣÿǰ棬ɫ꣬īһӣɢһϢ
ֱ˹ȥȻߵһ棬˽ȥ
ڵΣ꿪ʵɳƳԡ
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˵ͷû˵
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Ϊһѧò쳣Ĳְӿѧڣ˿ѧˣϹĿȴûмڣٻ̲סˣԸ˵绰
ȥھȥŷϽ˵ڴĦչ֮ǰǲʲôˣҲֵС
·ŷֱӿѧУȥ
Ȿٻĳӣڶ˹ŷרˣʶһĹŷе㺹ա
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С
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Ůŷĵһ仰ǣɫǣߡ
˿ŷдһĨ죬һĨŮҶʶ½УǹŷδޣȻ֪٣ǿ֮ı֣˾Ųʮ
ʱ򣬽ٻ߽ңվڹŷǰһ£ޱ飬վ˽̨档
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ĸŮˣôĴȣ¶Ը⿴ԼˣԼĸȥ׷Ůˡ
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ʦϺ䡣һѧͻȻ˴Ц
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ʦڴ̼ЩļһڿԿҲһ̾Ϣ
ٻҲ֪ЩѧںԼЦҲֻЦе˵Ҵ㲼һ񣬲ĳЩ˱ֺõĻҲȡˡ
˻һѧˡ
ƨϣĵĽٻЩκģֻЩ˲׼˵ٻһʱ֮󣬶ʱЦãһÿζѾȥһˡ
¿֮󣬹ŷӵŽٻУ԰ߣĽ
ûжãŷֻһʾǴġ
ͨ绰ŷûи˵ֻЦһ䣺ʲôң
ȥҹˣƽ֮ʲô鶼ûзһ
ŷһ㶣
ȥһˣһ˼ңռ鷳Ҫİ˵
û⡣ŷʹĴӦˡԼŮ˵κҪֻҪģԲƴǡ


151 ռ
ϵ绰ŷЩǸĿ˽ٻһۡ
ȥɣùҡٻǳЦ˵
˵ͷŷЩж˵ллţҰˣúġڽٻŷһεĸоŮˣûֻ̫࣬ߡ
ٻЦˣ˵ȥɣעⰲȫ֪ܶʱŷȥ飬ʮΣգٻΪŷĸ
˷ֿŷҵ
ʱڲٳϵһƺϣͷҭšһ粻һԵ쳣
˹ȥ£ŷ˵ˣ͹ˣٿ޵Ļ͸ˡ
һۣ۾дˮԵóû˵Ҫܡ
Ϊ㣬ǸʱһţҪҰ㣬Ҹ㡣ŷ粻м˵һֱûкøС
СѾͷһ̫ˣɿ˴Ŷ֣ǹŷ磬κһˣѾѧУסˡ
˭ҵģֹסᣬЩȵʵ
ϸԼʶˣû˺͹ŷ죬˵ıˡͻȻһ棬ŷԼķ߳ѵùŷԼ˾Լ㡣뵽Ǿˣ͹ŷĹϵʲôʱôˡ
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˾죬ûиҷϾܰԼˣҲֻйŷˡ
뵽˵Ҽ޸Ҳϲҽߡ
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ɵ÷һۣѵո˵ĲصȻ˶ϲԷǺôԼδ޺òá
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㣬˵ҪǸһ𰸣ǵֿĻɱ⡣˵һ
֪ˣ߰ɡŷһЦ
Щ㶣ɵɵʵȥ
һۣŷû˵㳤óôҲôͣȻȥˡ
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ӵĿһŷ˵ʱܾһУһ˾㹻ˡ
֪ŷʱȴЩԥ¹ŷԸ˰ҵˣռҴһٲľء
ȥȥȥҲʡ鷳
ɫԥŷﲻ֪ʲôʱЩһǳĲԼ
һҧŹŷ磬ϾŷԴҲԼЦǵסҵˣԼҲк³
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Ϲŷĳӣָ·£һ·ռҡ
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һȺˣǳü˽˶һ㶣ȻĿͶ˹ŷϡ
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ĿͶŷϣ´һŵ˵ͷ˵ȷʵǼһĶӣʺ񣬲ǳò˵㡣
ŷ籾˵׵Ļ㱻Ǻд㳤òŲңȫҶòҡ
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152 
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׵ͷһ˿廳˵㸸ûкһˣºͣȫЦ⡣
ǻŷ羪һִ˶ԼŭĿӣڨڨЦһֲֹ˵ġ
ҾǸǻû뵽㸸ˡȴ˿⣬ǴЦʹĳϣùŷһ˿øС
Ǹ϶Ļţ忴ǺܺģǻɴϱߡȻԷȣŷȻ᲻ʶȤЦ̾һ䡣
ЦЦ⡣
ҲȻˣŷԼףƺΪ϶ΪǻѾǸˡ
ĬһᣬżڣˣҲˣҵ飬ȫȨɡ
Ļôеֲִĸо벻ὫôҪ齻һ
ֻһЩϱ̩ɽѾ֪ŷޱΡǸ˵ĶӣԱ˶Ҫǿ
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ˣԲﵽ磬ǿ߼ʹڰңҲ漶ײᶯá
ְ֣ҲһȺ߳һ꣬һ޵ĶŹŷ磬һ˿
ռҵ飬ΪʲôҪһܣְǲǺͿˡＤһ˫۾ĶŹŷ硣
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Ļˣڶ˵棬ȻԼɵԷԼĶӣҲˡ
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Էǿ󣬴ھ磬ܺɨһĶߣǹŷȴһˣ壬սͬΪ
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ˡ
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153 
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Ƿһ㶼ϣһǲʧĿϵϣŷдһĨ⡣
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154 
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ͻȻŷŲһԣһ̣ħٴγ֣һһ㣬ŷࡣ
ʱ򣬷ħȴõĸоؿһƣܵһɿֲĶըȡԼ

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˻һ·ɫһɥ˵ϴҴˣԭҰɡ
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161 ˭ǰ׳գ
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еһ˲˶棬֪ô죿ھֶǹҲ̫޼ɵˣ϶ͷŸôЩС첻ˣھгһԵЩ޴롣
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ŷҲЩۣǰһһӣĺ߶ԷʵԼǹ
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162 һͷ
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飬˵һ޴Ĵ
һѽǹӸֶŷ˵ɣ˰һ
ŷתȥʱֶͻȻǹ׼ŷͺԥĿ۶
顣
һǹ죬ŷȴûеȥ֪ʲôʱѾתˣһðӵһĨЦ
ֶɵˣԼ塣ʱѾˣŷһȭ˹ֱֶš
屻ʮֶݺݵײǽϣǽײöһ¡һѪȻݺݵöŹŷ磬Ųʵı۾
ɱɫ䡣
ŷҡͷ˵ҲûȤɱķأǴһͷˡ
ŷĻǵһֻҪûصء
ֶҽԺ˭ûпûУĿɨһȺ죬ʱɫһ࣬Ͻͷ
ߡ˹ŷһۣЩͷۣ֪ôĶͲŷˡ
ðȥ￪ŷЦʵ
ã˵û˵ЩԱ֪ԼƺҲϴˡ
͹ŷ֮䣬һϣѾˡ
һ§סǣŷ֫ḧǸоһɹĸоͷ
΢΢һ£ûѣҲǿɹŷ§˳ȥ
ľ쿴һĻʱɴ۾Ȼ˽ĸϻŷʱ¶ȻɫҲֻˣܹǡ
˰ɣҷſ
һ·ߵ֣û˵
ŷû˵ֻ§ĸˣǵǰɨǺЩ١
Ҫˡ
ǿѳȥɫ죬ûİ˹ŷһۡ
ŷЦģԼ֣һܵı飬ǵɫˡ
òײƽһɫЩ˵ҶԲ㣬ǣˣּһֲܿļ壬ֶǿ϶ưոݣϣһʱһҪעһ¡
ţҿԵڹ𣿡ŷһӣƤЦһ⡣
ǿЦã̲ס˵ܲһ㣿
Һŷһ˵
һΣоԼҪˣһ˵Զ
ǵı飬ŷЦˣʵּй𣿡
һ£ҡҡͷ
ǲ͵ˣ㻹ʲôּҼȻûйߣ;вң㵣ĸʲôŷ粻˵
һ£ʶԼһ˼άŷ統һ˶Դˣּǿ󣬵ϾûйߣвŷĴڡ
뵽תߡ
ţʲôȥŷʵ
Է
ͷҲأ˵һ䡣
һ棬ԶŷȴԵЩӦ޸УϲĻǻʳ
ţˣȫ߳죬ŷп޵ţųԣ޸УҲ
ԶװĵˣʱĿɨŷһһĨ޺̰
˵ɶǵ۾ŷųţͻȻ˵һ
֪ŷ˵óõ뵽ǸϽ˵Ҫ£ûôҡ
Ŷ
ŷѵõһΣûз
ûжʾԷûжһ˹΢΢һͷӹŷֱ˵λľС㣬֪ûȤһݹأ
ûпԷһۣǵ˵ûȤҪҳԷ
˲٣˵ҲλС㲻ʶңһҽܣ´ýĸܾΣǹ˾ҪСô˼롣
˵ûȤüͷ˵
λС㣬ʵʲôãֻҪǹ˾Ը⸶һЩŬʹ۵ĻͿԳΪĽľǴ󡣡
ʲôĴۣŷͻȻʵ
һ˿û˵ǱѾĸ˴𰸡


163 ĳ
ŷ绹ûзǱɫһ䣬ֱ̣˺εԴ档
һ򣬲ˤʱվԼλãһںεϣˤڵϡ
Ǳһ棬ùŷ翴ɵˣŷԭŮ˷쭵ʱҲǷǳµġ
ʲôεͬϽ˹ָŭһָʹӡ
Ŀһۣû˵
û˵Է˵˵˾˭Ҵһ绰ڴˣ⻹񾯲𣿡
׳ա
ŷһۣöԷɫѿˡ
֪˭𣿡ʵ
ǰ°ҲǱǣҹǿŴСŷƲƲ죬һмӡ
һ˵պʡʡίǴʡίĹͣ飬һҪӦʡίǡ
ʡίʲôŷһۣµľǶԷùѹ
㡣
ɫһ䣬û뵽ŷ羹ȻʡίǶУЩľԼţˡ
Լˣȴ־ԼˣϾԷٴܺʡί𣿾һЩӵܣҪġ
뵽Цһ˵ִˡ
һôñӿüüͷ
ŷ绹˵ȴ˻Ը鵽ΪֹҪôȥ˭ûкô
ǵĻΪأЦһȻ˵֪˰ɣֻҪӦһ飬ҾͲΪǡ
ŷ̲סüͷһҸоҲ̫˰ɣǴԼµģ
ʲô飿ǻһ䣬ȥˡ
ܼ򵥣λʱ䣬ȻһʹҲΪǡָָ˵ˣһȵı飬Ȼûп˿׳յı顣
ŷڳ鴤ջһʻţˣɲ
һûԥֱӵ˵ͷ
ŷһȭ˳ȥȭͷֱڸı棬ҽһȻѪ⻹㣬ŷҲûţһ˳ȥи֮䡣
һ鴤ҽжˣֱ˹ȥ
οĻðŷԼ˹תҪߡ
ȴоԼǰһȻ֮һʹһ˹ȥ
ˡŷ˵
ûİһۣ˵˭ôصģ
õǽšŷ翹顣
ǣ
ĸ˳һʱϵ˻ȥ
ͷ˭ҲǵƦ;죬ֻ޾鷳
˲ܵϵԱ϶˴120Ժ鷳Ҳ̫⣬޾в
ͻؾ֣ŷ类Ǹ˳׼ٴϰࡣ
ŷҲǿڴϣͻȻһȻȻתͷ
һ겻֪ʱһ˫ͬӶϣùŷܵһѹ
ʲô⣿üʵϣܹĸܵһɵ⡣ǿڹ棬ӡеһ㡣
û˵ֻŷ
һo㣬˼䣬ÿһض·Ľ
ŷɫһǿƵͬˣΪӦû֮ϣս죬Խ
ûкˣһһɰǻһԡ
·˻սһҪڵϵĳ嶯˶Ĥݡ
ŷ硣국Ŀڣ󣬵ڹŷĶУȴ죬쳣ֲ
˭ŷɫأһµĵֵ֣ӡ
ڻûʸ֪ͬһʱҪԾ꿪ڣûκǹŷȴܵһӣԷڸ
һĨаЦŷ綢꣬Ŀڣģͬ޵Уû˻ҵĶ֡
ҲЦˣڸ߹ŷ磬ҲôΪġ
ԷȥȻûж֣ڲʱ
ֱ뿪֮󣬹ŷ𾪵˵һ䣺ÿµļһ
ͬԾŷԼδܹݿ࣬Էܿ£ս죬ܹԣʤڲ֮䡣
ڴĳɳԶҲ¶һĨĪζ
ҪжԾˣȴڵһμʱ򣬶ûж֣ȴպĹƽһսߡ
ûлժ¥ŷϵѧУջصѧУʱһŭϢ


164 ٻ
ٻְˣԴҲְͣ飬˵˿лܻ⣬Ա˫ˡ
Ϣģŷ۾ͺˡ
˭˵Ϣɿŷʵ
·ͷҲǸյõϢŷ绰صѧУϽϢˡ
ȫУˣӦû˵ǽͽȨֶ»ҵˣݺУɩӡ·彫Լȫ˵˳
λͬѧҩҳԣǻȴҽ˱о⣬˭ݺǡһһĨ⣬ǽȨͽˡ
һǣ˴ʱ⣬ŷʱǲûо£¶һĨƵɫ
ŷ۾һУɫ׳ɢű뺷Ϣ
Ӵλǹŷͬѧ˵ǸٻﷸһȣץӦòùǰɣǿϴЦݣһ̵
˵ʲô·ŭһ
һ࣬ĺȵôУ˵ģ뱻ǲǣ
㡭·Ļֱ£һߣӵĳ嶯
ŷȴһץסȻһۣ¶һĨмıһΪʲô֦ԭǸ˾һȺӣҲ̫޴𣿡
ʲôͽȨֶɫû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһۿ˵·
ȷʵͶ˾ڣҴӦֻҪȡѧУƿȨǵڽ̡
ֻǣȴŷһۿˣһľĸо
ڽɫһ䣬ŷдһĨɭɱ
ô֪ģȨ⣬ӳסҪ֪ŷǴʲô˽ݵġ
һۣŷЦһһڵаҴܣɵӶܿ
ȨǿԼһۣЦ㿴ôδ˵ȥ
Ҫɱңŷɫζ
ȨһЦûлش𣬵˼ԡ
ԲС
ŷһۣڵļһ˲磬ҪܽɵˣǲЦء
˵ʲôȨɫһ䣬ŭ˵
ȴһ١
ڵĳԱһۣȻһ˳ǿŷһͨˣǲ֪ΪʲôԹŷ磬ȴһľĸо˲Ҵ⣬һ˳
·ԥ˿Źŷ֣ҾҲûʲô
ڳԱ֣һһƳŷԴһкͣıʵĻûк³
һ˸Ϊһŷ壬˼㡣
ŷһ䣬ûжֻȴһɿֲƣֱˡ
˺ɳȥѪҪվȴƾƣŷͽشˡ
һĻȨͽɫˡǺԥֱӿԼǷʴֵ˫ȣҪߡ
ŷһЦ׷ȥ
ٶȺܿ죬һ˸һţڵϡ
үҴˣҰɡȨ
磬ҲǹҪģ֪ˣ㲻ҪҡҲµ˵
ӣڵϣһɫ
Ǹû˿ԼӣֻҪŷ粻Լʲôԡ

һĭŷҲǣк·壬ֱ뿪
ϵסŷ֮󣬳¶һĨЦѾ֪ˣҺϿ״кϿȴ˵һصʵ㣬Ҳﲻæ
ŷ˵ͷһ㶼⣬㹻ӴҪǿʢڿ׼ʷƾõĴ壬и׼ʹҲġ
ڸô죿ʵʾ֭Ҳû취
ܶõĹϵˣȴûܹ̳һȰҪ֡
ûϵһλ֡ŷ˵ó绰һ롣
ŷ磬ʲô飿绰Ǳߴ
壬һŮѱץˣǾڳ֡ŷ罫һ飬֣ûа취
ŷĻû˿ԥЦ˵ģԺֱͿˣһһЩѵġ
˵˵绰֮½绰˹
ˣʲôٸҴ绰Ц˵һ䡣
лл塣
ŷһվûʧ
Щ棬ŷʲôʱһ׼Ҷ飬ܹ
ϵĺ棬ŷһ䣺Ǿȿҽʥ


165 Ů
ҽʥϱŷĻסˡ
ҪʣŷȴѾ뿪ˣѧУſڣվȴٻ
Ź˰Сʱһͣſڣٻ͹Դһֽٺĸо
Ҫ֪ν˫棬ûô򵥣ܶ˫ˣǶξ̱ɫо־塣
ŷʱ򣬽ٻ۾ˣͶŷĻᶼ˳
ղŷһУĽŻˡٻΪԼأȴû뵽֪ܿͨȥ
ŷʱף϶ģ˳
ԴŷҲһĨмһʣ֪һ鲻򵥣жûȫ˵ͷȴױ˳ˡ
ûˣģҲκ˺ġŷŽٻļο
һ۹Դ˵ͷ
ԴЦЦȻԾ뿪ݣʡŷ˷С
һ·صʦᣬŷӵһĥţƮɣճ׵Ϊһ塣
󣬽ٻڹŷĻУһֻ˯Сèһ
̧ͷˮӶڹŷϣٻ˵ŷ磬ʱһһ˼Һ𣿡
ؼңŷһ㶣׽ٻԼĹ磬ŷԥĵͷ˵æ⼸죬Ǿͳջȥ
áٻڹŷĻУ˵
ǰһԷӯڹŷĦţʱĻʲôû˵ŷֱӷٻѹ¡
˵Ľ˼һԭʼ˶
ֱ̫Ҫɽ˲߳ᣬ̫󣬶ˡ
ѧУʳãֱȥ˶¥רŵСֻǼ۸ȴˣһѧѲżȥһΡ
ֻһЩҾԣѧŻòͣŸһȵĴ
¥ʱ򣬹ŷȴˣĪСºͽŵĳŷˣʱ򣬽ȶʱЦ
ŷ磬ߡһ֣˶Ŀ˹ȥ
§ŽٻֵĹŷʱ򣬺ܶѧ¶ĽݵɫŮ˸СǣŹŷ綼Ҫˮһ
ҶڿŷķӦϾѧУд˵ŷĪСǶ֤ʵԵʱˡ
ŷķӦȴ˶벻ЦһЦֱӵŽٻ˹ȥֵ£ŷЦ˵̫ˣԷǮˣ͡
㿴ϷһȺ˴۾ǲ˼ĿŹŷ磬ѵ¼Ů˴
˭˵ҪˣҪòãĪСû˵
ƲƲ죬ŷ˵˭˵Ҫˣǿȵӹġ
ȸϽͷһĵӡ
ĪС²ûбûİ˽һۣСͽ
ĪСµı֣ٻ΢ЩţĪСǶЩ⣬Щ
뵽ٻ̲סС˵ҪǻȥһԷɡ
ĪС¶һ˽ٻСĻ֪ٻˣϽЦ˵ʦҪᣬǺ͹ŷأûжġ
Ҳ˵ǰʦİɣС²ҧġ
ҧңٻһЩһĪС£ҧأʲôѽ
ݺݵڽȵԴһĪСû˵˵ͲҪ˵ܻҵѾͷ
ȺٺһЦɰͷ˺кøС
ŷڽٻĶߣղŽȵĻһ飬ʱýٻ̲סЦû뵽ȾȻôĿɰ
˼ˣͰɣҲΪʶףٻЦ˵쳣һҷ
ĪСºͽȶһۣЦŵ˵ͷ
һӵķˣܾ£ҲܸɾʳϰģϾǸУԷɲԼҲʹ졣
һٷԵŮѾĲˣʼˡòҪŮ˴۾ֻŷӳˡ
̸۵Ļ⣬һֱ벻ŷ硣ĪС»ŷԼʱ龰˵˳ǵĽٻЦû뵽ŷ绹ɹ顣
ּһ϶֪ʲôʱпǮȡˡŷƵ˵һ뵽־ȣҪ˵ĳ嶯
棬пյĻʶһ¡ȿЦ˸Сǡ
ܹùŷԱˣޱȸȤġ
ҲʶһˡĪСҲо棬ʲôĸף̳ܽŷһˡ
ٻû˵ɫѾ˵һˡȴ˲һҪţյõǵϿɡ


166 
ٻ㣬ŷ𣿡ĪСͻȻʵ
ٻЩɻ󣬲ǵ˵ͷšɫԵЩϣùŷû뵽ٻȻһͽ
ٻĻĪС۾һЦ˵Ҳţ˵дĦҪ׺չʱһȥɡ
ģٻ¶ϲɫ
һŷ˵ӱʥȥΰݵĻ˵һĪҫ
̨Ѿˣٻ㾹Ȼ֪ĪСЦ˵
ٻԵЩ˼Цʱ̫æˣûʱȥעЩ
⣬ٻУȻæˣһµġͷɰ˵
ٻЦЦĿתŷ磺ȥ𣿡ʵһĨڴ
ȥ
ŷûκԥȻҪȥĦõҪΪǿ׳ˣȥ̽һ·
̫ˡٻĵ˵
һٷ꣬˷ֿŹŷͽٻ뿪ķ򣬲֪ΪʲôĪСзĸо
Դ˰ɡЦ˵ʱĪСһ
û˵˵ʲôأôܳԴףҲŲϲǸһءԵЩңֻæεý͵Ц
ϲѼӲ֪ʲôʱ˲һ
صᣬһҹֱ࣬ҹ˲ų˯ȥ
ڶ죬ŷûѧУֱҵ˷١
һȻһӵӣֻǹŷȴ˿϶ӵпµʵڶϽʮ֮¡
ʲô飿ʵɫЩɻ󣬹ŷûʲô顣
ŷֱϵɰ˹ȻƿǣһڽĲˮС
ޣʲôƲҶŷһ˳ȥЩ˵
ʮǮһĲҶôȲϰߣƵ˵ɰ˹ϲҶȻܵһ
ӵĿ˷һۣŷСֹٱơ
ڵˮһһ̵Լݺݵõ˹ŷһۣû˵л˵
ŷɫһ˵֪ڰ׺еľݵ㡣
üͷһ壬ټԼϵĶ˵ڶ֣
Ⱥ쵰ҶҵŮˣҪΪ˸ӦеĴۡŷһ⡣
ٻ飬Ѿ׼ŭˣŷһ鷳еĲȫ
һŭΪգ˴ȥڰ׺еפ㣬ǿ˲࣬һ˵ƷˡٵЦ˵
һ֣һ˽ٵ˵ȥڵפ㡣
ǡ
һˣȳȣȻҲǶߣùŷЩȡ
Ŀһ۷٣ԼСˣΪƽҺ˵پԲǱϱֵô򵥡
پֻǰĵƷԼĲ裬Ǹûע⵽ŷ
һʮ߶ŹľġŷһĨЦֱһ߿ţȻ˽ȥ
ʮ˵оʱͣסˣɫ䣬˹
ŷһ˵ʱЩһ
һɫᣬĺȵǺˣΪ˽լ
ɱǵˣڵһȺ˵ǸҶҵŮˣҾµŷ˵һвԶûС
Цһ˹Ҫŷɱ

ŷɫһ䣬ֱӳ֡
廯һ磬ɱȥһȭڶԷš
˱飬ֱӱɱڷ
ȫɫȻǿĴڣҲԲȻô׵ıɱˡ
ʮ˶¶ٴеɫŭһŷ֡
ʮ˹ŷûӲӣһ㵽һߡٴγ֣ɱһˡ
Ǹ˱ɫˣѾˣŷһƻϣԷҽһûϢ
ʮˣǹŷĶֻ֣֮䣬㱻ɱ⡣
ŷδȾѪ˳
ֻǿʼȴǽвǾһң޵صĴУĥʯĥһһ󻼡
ʲôڰ׺еפ㱻˭ɵġԶһеһУһ˷һŭ
ǹŷ磬˵չж֮¶˹ŷŮˣűפڰ׺еȫնɱ˸ɾ
ҽżң˼ɵǣڼɵǣ֪ڵߵ
ڸô
䣬׺ʱҪ㣬͸Сһ£˻
ǡ
ȵȥ˵һĨ⣬˵ŷ磬֮𣬲죬ȵʱ죬һѪծѪġ


167 ԯݺ
صɱŷɱˡУȿҽʥüͷһ塣
˵ͷŷ˵ɱ˾ڵһȺӣǸҶų֣ҾҪǸۡ
ЦҡҡͷôصɱԺ»᲻ÿƣǲҪħźá
㲻õģҼرģԶΪңʹɱˣҲһֶΰˣɱŷЦпܣԸƽְ˾ǲҪ
˵ͷûж˵Ҳ֪Լˣż߳ˣɱһģ˵ǻħȴǲ̫ܡ
ʲô飿Цʵ
;һ޵Ķŷһ⡣
¶Ȼɫ׹ŷҪ޵ʲôͻȻɫһ䣬޵㣿
ŷͷǵҵĥʯһ˭ɱңܹϴ񡣡
˻һһŵ˵޵°㸸𣿡
ŷЦҲ֪ҷֲ֣ûô򵥣ҼҵͷӾδδˣڲ˸Ҷ֣һ˼ɶûС
˼һ£Ȼ˵ͷ˵УҰ㶢ס޵ԼҲҪСģԤУҪˣ޵ǿ߶ˣǧҪ⡣

ŷתҲܵһաǳԾҪʶ·֮ףͽ޵ڴһֲƽףǴҶ׼һЩʲô
뿪ãŷժ¥
ףɱˣСŷ磬ѿڶ
˵ͷŷ˵Ǿڵһӣһݵ㡣
Сͷһݵӡ
ɫӵĿСһۣŷ粻˵ڣôңҲ̫˰ɡ
Ǽǳһε黹ûǣɫһֱҪڡ
ɫһۣŷ絭˵һʱ㲻׼֣ʲôʱľȹ̣ʲôʱͿжˡ
ʲôŷ㲻ǰɣɫҺ
СɫħľȣǲΪħͷĻͺúõĿסŷûɫС˵
һЦСЦ˵磬İɣɫҪǸܳȥҴȡһ˫۾ͣɫתƣȻзһζЦ
ɫɫһЩƵĶС쵰ҡ
ͷСЦ򲻹ҡ
ɫ
ʱɫʵһЩʤһ˹Ŀڣɫɫһֻ࣬ĵ˵ͷ
ŷС¶һĨЦ⣬ɫµ˲ǱˣĸֻҪ񷢻ɫһƨҷš
ǰŷС˺ܹغ
˵ͷ˵ǱȽϺơɫƣ˭Ůôôһأ
ŷ磬飬ͷȥɣִͺ¿Ȼ˺ǣҪǸۣĦӾ͵ˡʤЦ˵һֵӡ
ûкøУٵʱйͻǳҡ
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ĪСºīǴ˶ѣѾͷõô
Ҵң컪ӦʱȻŭ
顣
һ죬컪Ŷȥ
ŷջؽţһ˵ΪʲôҴ㣬Ϊ˭
컪Ҫڣŷֱһ˹ȥ͡
һ컪³һѪˮżݡ
־ĶŹŷ磬ˣǰ޼ɵһ㶼ݸһ˼ɶûС
û컪ףԼ˵еˡ
𣿡ŷЦʵ
ˡ
ԼĴ֮󣬻컪ȻԸǰϽͷЩģ˵
ǾУϽɣ;ġŷû˵
컪ȴɴ⣬ϽվǿסСϴ׶ĵʹԶȥһǰߣ컪һ߻ͷ˸ԹĹâ
ܻᱨġٻüͷ
ŷһνЦ˵һں𣿡
ٻЦˣŷˣȻںһרԱ
ŷ磬ղ̫˧ˣĶ˵ı飬Ҽֱˡȴ۾ðСǣ˹ݵ˵
ŷһ˿⣬Ц˵Ѿͷ۹ⲻ͸󿴵ҵıʣ̫˧ûа취޵мįѩ
ۡ
ȿȡ
ĪСºī۾ɴϴϾȻô޳ܵأһҲ̫˰ɡ
ٻҲЦŷĻˡ
ŷĸŮУ԰й˺ܳʱ䣬ȫͶȥĽֻǺþһǸ컪ˣ߸졣
Ұץ𡭡ء컪ָŹŷ磬ŵ˵Ļû˵꣬㱻һ콫סˡ
ȿȣ˼һᣬϴˣʹߡһľŷ˸ǸȻ˼Ż컪뿪
ֱ߳ѧУŽ컪ɿ
컪ŭ˵ǸʲôôȥץҴʲô
ھ㣬ɵӣ֪ղǸ˭𣿡컪ָһ첻ˬ˵
ǰǸǲòҪȻҲס㡣һҲڣɫдһĨη
˵Ļ컪Ҳ̲סЩľͬѧоֵĵλҲͣھȻԹŷη
뵽컪̲סʵ˭
ŷûУһʵ
컪ͻȻһû뵽Լǵ˾ȻǸħͷ
һۣ컪Ȼʶŷ磬Щ⡣
ͬѧı飬컪̲ס˵֪ǰʡίǵ鱻ˣ屻ֱ߱ӳ̫࣬ǸŷĶ֣ʱʡίǴŭҪץ֪ӵһʲô绰ȻǸκ˲Ǹŷ硣
˵컪¶һĨмղҪллˣҪȻĻ˹ŷ磬Ҿûʲô³
쵹һ֪ŷܱ뺷ȴû뵽Ѿǿزˣʡίǵ̫࣬һ鶼ûУҲ̫ţ˰ɡ


174 Ϊʲô˯
ĸŮڲĽг극ŷӵŽٻ뿪
ȾС죬в֪߶ʲôĪС¿뿪ķɫЩӡīҲһĸо
صᣬ˼ӵһȵĻ𻨡
ҹ˲˯ȥ
ãŷȴͻȻ۾üͷһ壬һűҹɫڵϮЯһа֮
ߡ
һϳһ䵽ź档
飬Զ˲ҽһƽŷȴӴվֱӴ˳ȥ
ͬһֻһ븩һȥ
һӰҹɫУͬһ룬Զȥ
һĨмЦݣŷ磬׷ȥ
䡣
һֻ죬ûա
Էɫзһڣɫڳס
ߡ
ŷЦһԪգ֮пƵЧ
ȻһӴһڡ
Էɫ䣬תҪߡ
ŷȴץסᣬֱӳ˹ȥһȭ죬һɨǰ
ӡ
ԷһһŻɫ֣Լ۳һΣŷ˹ȥ
ײȻסҲܣһļУ˲١
ԷƺһһѪ
ͷʦ޷ˣҵ鷳ŷ䣬ߵԷǰվ⣬ɱʵʣԷ֡
Էû˵ڹŷʶԼݣû˿⡣
ҧͷͻȻһѪȻдʡ
ͬʱŷоһصסԼĲʹתҪԼŤһ
ͷϧáŷЦֱȻԷȥ죬ɱ絶
ͷʦʶŷɫһ䣬ٴ
Ĳҽһŷ˹ȥȻһɫĹ֣ϸ֮¾ȻһߣЩ͸ʵ塣
ŷ޾壬תԪɢյϢֱһȭڹϣӲҽУ顣
Ҳ˹ȳϢŷҧȥ

ŷһᵯָһһ붾ײһ𣬶߱顣
ͷʦҽһըһѪӣȻܵ˷ɡ
ˡ
̫ͼ֣ѹһУֱӸȥ
ͷʦһֿûУֱ̫ͼ±飬Ѫ׷ɡ
ŷһЦɨ棬ЩѪ⻯ɻңһ׵Ʈɢ
ͷˣòҪҡŷ˵һ䣬뿪
صѵʱ򣬽ٻֱӲˮһڹŷĥţĻ
ٺһЦŷһٻѹ£ȻľУ塣
ʱѾǵڶʮˡ
һýٻԵЩš
û£ŷЦ˵ڽٻţŪýٻɫͨ죬
˹ŷһۣٻȴûĻǸϽ·
Ҳ촩·ŷڴϣٻʱû˵ɲһţ˿ŷڴϵӡ

ŷٺһЦٵĴ·
֮˲ǱˣĪСºͽȣͬеĻһīŷҲڷʱǶʱһЩʲô
һ죬˿ŷжһĨСԹ
ȸ˵ŷ磬̫ƫˡ
Ϊʲôŷüëһ
㶼ٻ˯ˣΪʲô˯ⲻƽСѾͷ˵һӡ
˴󺹣ĪС¸һֱڽȵԴһ£û˵˵ʲôһСѾͷҲ֪
У㻹˵ңҲģֻҸ˵ѣ԰ɣСһ仰īģһ£ʶĵ˵ͷ
漴īɫͨ죬ݺݵõ˽һۣЩյ˵˵ҪҲϣ˭뷨
û£ʵҲģҳԵŷֹ
īɫͨ죬һطȥˣٻָŷ磺ٻ㣬㻹ܺҵˣڵϷҡ
ûϵҵ༸ãǲ֪ŷжÿζڵġٻҲſˣЦ˵ī˵ˡ
Ȼ׽ٻʲô˼Ͼ˻δµŮܵԡ
˵ı֣ٻпЦ⼸ãӲˡ
ŷЦ§סٻϺݺݵһڣЦ˵źã֪Ϲ
ͬʱһۡ


175 ͵
һЦ֣ŷϴϣȻ˾뿪ᣬչĵطȥ
ҲһչȻҪһսֱڽһչȻˣҲ˲ˣ󲿷ɫϣȻǲ۲۵ķͽ
ŷ粻ֻȴӱ˵
ĸŮˣ˽ȣɫϣɫдһĨׯء
㿴ôİŷ䵽棬뽭һЦʵ
ƲƲ죬Ȳм˵ǶνҴûмΪЩʲôҪõĹޣԼȥȡǼЩ޵Ĵϡ
ŷĿ˽һۣ̲ס˵߼
һϲֱסŷһֻ첲ĵ˵ŷÿġ
СѾͷŹŷĸ첲ĥţǰŷӯž˵ĵԣùŷЩڸ첲϶һĸо
ȻҲ˹ŷı仯ڹŷ˵Ҫһ𣿡
ڽȵĴ󵨣ŷе죬Ǻܼᶨĵ˵ͷ
ȿһǰջ˵㻹ʲôûܿŷҲ֪˶ڳ𣬻һЩ˱ոȾʹװҲҪװһӣΧȻôˣûע⵽ǡ
뵽ŷҵ¡
ˡŷ촽˵
ȵ˵ͷЩսȻҲǺܼ
ŷĵֱ֣һӯ档־˵ĵԺͷһѪڵĸо
ŷ󣬽ȻڶһĨ죬ܵĿУҪû
Ȼô˹ŷĻУᴭϢһ˫ʯĴ۾Щˡ
ŷýǰŷӯͣر״
Ű
һӽȵĿзʱǰŮˡŷϽ˻һеʱŮýĿת˹
ȻڹŷĻУ˶Щ㶣֪ʲô顣
Ⱥе㲻ҪҸطϢһ¡ŷڱһɣŮ˺ɵ΢һЩ
ĪС¹ĵʵû°ɣȡ
û£СģϢһͺˡҲɵӣһӣϢ˵
ɡĪСԥһ£ǿ˵Ҳһϵķͽͺ֮䣬ѡ˺ѡ
ýЩжϽ˵С£ٻСȥӰɣһλ̫ѵˣϢһ¾ͺãҲйŷ𣿡
ŷҲЦ˵ѵǻҵҽ
ŷô˵˵ˣŷҽԵû˵ڵĻü˵ġ
뵽ĪСµͷǺðɣ͹ŷЪϢһᣬȥȥ
뿪ŷͽһǸղһ͵㱻ץŵĸо쳣Ĵ̼
ǻ𣿡˿˸ղŵָо
Ȼ
ŷٺһЦȺҵһƧĵطŷһ˫ڽ߮ţСѾͷŪ
ͻȻȻһֱһŷĿɿڴȻôУ̶ֳȵĵ飬Ѿﵽ۷塣
Ҹ󣬽ɫͨ죬жðˮ⣬ܵЩ˼˵
˵ͷֱ
ŷȴ֪ͽȵһĻȫһŮ˿Ужڹŷ޵һҲʵ̫˰ɡ
ȵȴӲͻȻŷһûüʲôŷͿٻǻˣϽװڴ棬ŷŽȣһµӡ
õȡĪС¹ĵʵ
һЦ˵ͷ˵ûˣС㲻õģˣӺÿ𣿡
⣬̸ֱӵ档
ĪСһ˿ȣ˵ӣȻۣȴǳ죬˸оһԼǰһůģˡ
ҲָоٻīͻȻ
˶һۣԿԷе𾪣ͬĸоĪС˵ǻΪԼĻþء
̫ˡȵɴ۾ǲģ˵ĻȴҪȥʶһ¡
Եˣ㲻ŷԵȥˡŷЦ˵̫⣬Ϊô¡
ǴĦӣ̺޾ܣֻҪˣܹͨӵȻףʲô顣
ȻͼŮ˽Щģʱ˻һȽϺá


176 Ե
ȾС죬˵ҲŲأҳôƯҲϲġ
ƯƯûйϵֲɫǡŷ񺹡
֪ߵСѾͷĪСû˵ΪԽԽˣ˵ǲű߼ʣĪС¿ŷ緢չơ
ٻī΢ЦǵͦϲԸ뵽ʲô˵ʲôȫ顣
ӷŮʩԣȻϲһŴ֪ʱһɮڹŷߣŷڶûзֱ֣Էڣ֪ԷĴڡ
ŷͫһһ֣Խֵľˡ
ﾹȻҲ˰׺УػĦӣùŷһĨءҶڶԷͻȻԼŷҲǾ裬ϾԼǰֽնɱһǿߡ
ȴ֪Щĵ˵𣿡
СѾͷһӣ۾ͬڱʯ㣬峺һʶûС
ɮף΢Ц
ȴˣԵúܸˣЦ˵ͻȻԷȤˣŷȥȥ
һŷ磬Ҫչȥ
ŷȴҡҡͷûжǽĿͶɮЦ˵ϺвӦҽȥ
ӷ𣬷ԵˣʩԵԲܽȥɮЦ˵ȴ쳣ᶨ
üͷˬ˵У˵ŷô˧ôԵأ϶˵ѣҲˡ
ɮЦã˧ԵûԵʲôϵῴŷҲֻ㣬˧ûаëǮϵ
ҪˣȽȥɣϺвҽȥģȥɡŷЦ˵ûӲ뷨ڻʱоΧвϢסӣȴҹĽ١
Ǹʱ»ữһƬѪ򣬳Ϊǿսĳء
˾죬Ȳĵ˵˭Ը⿴ʲôʲӣһƹͷҲŲϡء
Ȼô˵ɫȴЩź
ɮЦãȴҲ˵ʲôĦӾȻһƹͷ⻹һ˵
ߣͺ¿
СѾͷѵõˣȻŹŷͷߡ
ŮôҲû뵽ȾȻôάŷ磬Ϊ˵鶼ˡ
Ҫִ֪ҹ㣬Сʲôʱ˵ֻοǵˡ
ŷҲЩжСѾͷȷʵһһԼϣڿǣҪҪĽ¡
һ۽ٻŷûڽٻϿκβɫһŷȻҪҺܶţȴԼŮġ
һȺ˿ӣصûȥժ¥һ¥Է
һҺصķ꣬ŵװΣڻĹŴ¥òһַǳĸо
û뵽׺оȻһҾ¥أú档Ĵţ¶ĵɫ
㣬һС飬תۼȴ˸ղŵĲ죬Цķǳá
֮Ũζüɫһ񣬿ˮֱ
㣬Բժ¥ķ˲ŷһڣ̾˵
ŮҲһ£Ȼ˫۷Ź⣬ͣػӶӡǴãԵĲֺȻˣ˵Ҳɺţ˿ĿѣԡܶʳͶ¶Եɫ˵ϡ
ͬŮ¶ɫʱһѹֵĲҽ𣬺ܶʳƵԼ⣬۵ЩŤˡ
ĸŮ͵ЦȻԼ⡣
ǽ𷢱ۣٻǵʱ򣬶ʱ۾һ
Ƕһۣ˹
Сǣ֪ûңһòͣΪ׵ʿ˵ٻǵȴ̰ǿʲôζһ
ŷüͷһ壬΢΢Ц
˼ǲϲİһòͣǲܴӦٻƽ˵ֱӿھܾԷһء
ȻԷԸ˵С㣬㲻þܾҵģⲻһŮӦģŶˣ֪ܲҵݣٸԵʿʹߡ
͡
ٻ̲סЦ˳û뵽ԷȻô浱ԼСأٸԵʿˣһﲻɡ
ĪСҲǳ鴤ٻЩ˵ôΪһʿǲǲӦڱò͵¹أӦڱ˾ܾ󣬻԰ɣʿʧȡ
Ϊ׵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻǱٻĻҵˣǿЦһ΢΢һ񣬲ſ˵ȻˣǾͲλСòˡ
ߣߵʱȴĿ˽ٻһۣҪǵòӡԺС
ǵľٶŷһĨЦ


177 ʥʿ
棬̲סЦȺɣΪɵأʿⶼʲôˣﻹ⡣
԰ٸԣҲǵ̵񸸣ʲôʱҲѧˡĪСҲЦ˵
ƭӣΪ㳶䣬ƭ֪ŮϧǡīҲǺЦһЦӡ
ٻû˵ϵıȴѾߴңڸղǸ˵ĻҲоǸЦ
ǴˣٸԵʿǵλȽϸߵ֡ŷͻȻڣĸŮһ㶡
ǶŹŷ磬ΪڿЦϾǼǵͽӣһͽôٸԵʿء
֪ǲţŷ͵ٸһ˵У̵ֻİˣУȴһкܶǿĴڣԽһˣʥʿһ֡
ѵνʥʿȾȵʵСԲһŵı顣
ʥʿҪǿʵжϵ۵ҳϣǶǵһЩΪȴǺԼǲ椣ܹͨκ飬ܶʥʿ˽õǶĵز
ŷĻýٻǴһЩǰģѵֻǹݳģ
ǳԾŷȴЦˣЩ̵˵ǲô𾪣ʵܶ飬һֻ֪һЩĶû屾ʣϣܶණϱֵôá
ٻȻҲ˵˵ͷЩ̾
ԼϴǼһ֪ǵݣУһʥʿŷûĻüͷ˵
Ǹ˲ͨˣϣҸܵһɺΣյϢҲµĲĻӦǻߣһǺǿ֣ҶĶ֡Լڣ˶һ
Ҫ֪Լʥʿǿļ֮һϣ⼸ͻƵʿУȻ˵ԼǸĶ֡
һʥʿ̲סڵԼϴ㲻ŪˣôǿǸز
üͷһ壬Լһۣʥʿһ
ԼջĿ⣬˵ûʲôܵģ˽ܵ飬Ųϣ˵ǳһǿˣǳʮҶ⡣
˵Լ뵽ԼʦԼ˵ĻԼ֮꣬ǧҪﻪߡһƬħǿ֮ͬ꣬಻ʤҳһˣܾѹԼ
ԼԼʦĻҲûмٻǵԭΪԼܵ˹ŷǿ
ֲֿѹսϢԼģһܹŻصٸԵĻԺ̤Ƭء
һȺʥʿ𾪣УԼǲ۲۵ţȴû뵽Ȼ˵ıǿ˶಻ʤǱסˡ
Լﶼ㲻ʲôЩԼѷɫ֪ٵˣʲôأ
ͬ飬ԼЦȴûж˵ʲôһ͢˱һιҪĦӣҪ֡
ֵͨ͢飬ųѪֵĿԣһν͢ڰ׺еԵʱѪȫǡ
֣͢һϵĴڣң⡣
ҪԼ
ʶࡣŷƲƲ죬ֹһ䡣
еԼһ¶һĨЦû¶κɫ̱ǹŷ˵ãֻһܹ
ˣȥϵķɨһգŷĸ߸¡Ķӣһ˵
㻹ߵö𣿡ٻЩǵʵҲ˲٣ûйŷôţḁ̊́üһ
С˼·ΪʳŷЦ˵һɵı顣
ǿ̶ȣٳһЩûʲôѹӸһЩ
ӦŷϢھ¥ʧԼһһߴһѹ̫ˣÿʱÿܵвһ
һͬ飬һоûУԼ֪ǸǱãǵ֪ʱʶΣգʵδһҸ
ڴϣһŮϺҪĸŮ̫Ưˣ˿ŷĽʺޡ
һ·β棬ֻΪ࿴һۣ󲻶þ;ۼһȺˣǷʤ
ˣˣǻǻȥɣЩ̫ˡȾС죬˵
ٻҲͬеĵ˵ͷȻҲĶŪ÷ˡ
̫ƯҲһĻǶѾ㹻ǹһٴˣŮǣǻȥɡŷ̾
ŮЦеķһɨգԼһֵԺС


178 ߵķ
ĸŮͻѧУŷûͣǻصժ¥
ٺͶϽҲڣֻȴ̫гʤţһֽŵĸо
ӴǵĴ󷨹ôˣôôĻŷڿ˵
ٽĿⶢϣɫʵŷ磬ǲҲĦӣ
ŷֱӳϣû˿ԥɫдһĨ⣺ң
ɫһ䣬˵ڽ֣Ѿƻˣȵ鵽βʱ򣬱ʰо֣û˵ҪĦӡ
»Ҫͬ𣿡ŷҲɫ䣬ԡ
ǿ׳飬ŷٲ֪ܲȴҪֹĦӣùŷвϲ
﷨ٺ;ȸǿ׳ŷԥѡ˺ߣֵܿΪŷȻҲ
ϿһˣһϿɣһһ䡣
㣡
ɫһŭһӴڹŷϡ
ߡ
һߵʤŭǵ棬ŷ֣Ǿ÷ټֱ̫ˡ
˾Ҫ֣СȴȶˡֶһźɫĶڷٵǰ
ŷһ㶣ʲôʱԥȥ˿ŷĶһͻȻСݣʱ̲סɫһ䣬Źŷ˳ȥ
ֻзٺͶϽվԭأ˵ΪЩ⡣
һ̣˱˽ŷΪʲôҪˡǿźɫСͻȻˣһǿ˵ϣǻѪǿһѪۣȫֹǹ
ӣ쵰ٱŭ
˵ĶŰڷԲ׵ķΧڱ֮Բ˵һһľȻвǵȴŪñˣ·һġ
ʦһġŷһȺ˽ٵĻСʱõ˵
ĵžͽӣİͬСȻ֪ٲԼʦǹĻ
СĻٵɫʱˣﶼ˵Ͻ͵ûе飬СˣҾû˼
𣿡Сһŵɫźʹٶǹġ
ġһϿңϻð亹ɲ˲֪ȴжرгҲǱرԼԼԲʲôùӳԵġ
ٿɲԼһӢڲݺݵһ١
Ҳ㣬㲻ǺˣղŻҪвҴ磬һὫĻʦСƲƲ죬һŵӡ
ɫڣ˹ŷһۣͻȻǲǹŷ̶Էô˵ģȻĴ󺺣ôܻ뵽⡣
ʱҲ˲ô࣬ǿ˵УҲв
ɵĿ˷һۣСҡҡͷ˵Ҳ㣬ǡ
ʲôٸϽʵ
־ݣ֤ԼҴ£ҲŻ㡣С˵һӡ
ȴƵˣǱӵһڻѪܵģȴҪǸ־ݣⶼʲô
ڶ˽⣬ȴòͷ
СǱħһóֽʣݵٵǰ
ٵڳ鴤ֽдһ仰Žֽӵһߡ
ֽС¶Цݣͷֽݸŷ硣
ɫС˴ĴָܽٱƳӵģǵһʤͬŷ٣ŽбٵһӢأһӵزҲǰ޹ˡ
ֽдԺ󷨹Ҫҵ鷳ʱҲƾ֤˵ˣĦ־ڱصã˭ҲҡŷЦ˵һĨᶨ
ɫһڣȻ̾һ֮ǰѾˣԼûа취ֹŷ磬ֻǾһԣֻû뵽ԼôǱ
ղͷŪЩţڷӦžԼǱǸһļһˡ
ˣҲ˵ʲôкһͬĶϽ뿪
뿪ˣŷҲһǵѵ£Ҳͷٶϡ˭Ҳ֪µжǿߣ͹һϽµˡ
ˣ۵뿪ˣжŷ˸ž⡣
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֯ԱչݵǣȴͻȻӵϼȫˣԽԽá
в⣬ȴû˿ԥ֯Աͳӿߵһ˲䣬ԼһȺг֣չݸ
ֱӸһвƽ鷢
ӰҹɫпٱУٶȸܹﵽģͬһ㣬Ħӵչݳ


179 ҹ
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ӰȴסǵصĹӰһУڵϡ
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Ӱһǿߣھ磬ɱˣһûУöڰйۿкðֻһЩɫȻмĿⶢںеϣһĨЦ
һЩűصôĦӵ뷨ġ
ŷҲ֣ȴվԶûнӽ
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ڵʵ֮£ʤҲףǹŷԼʱѾˣһȣС
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λɮׯϣɫƽǸûнԷС
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180 Ⱥ
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ЩУŷ翴ˣһȺѪɢŹǿϢռһԵúǿơ
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ܶи̣ȴû˵ܹܵǿ󣬲Ե޹ǵһǿС
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181 Ƽ
ɫһܵһвȳԷӾҡ
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ѿ㻹ϵңɸһսʤ˵һս񣬻ɢս⡣
ѲֻˣűʤľġʤȴһȻṳ̂УһսȴˣǱȲҲȥ
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ȭΪûбʤİգԴȭɨһʱǿߣȻ߳һ󾳽磬Ҳս
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ҲоǿĴңԼϢҪɻȥ

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ʤȻҲߵĶ̲סЦѵɫˡ


182 ʮ޺
ɮҲ޵һŭĿԲݺݵһŷ˹
ǺһĿǹŷͷ­Уɡ
ŷһ⣬ͻȻ֣һ㣬飬ȻڶԷ𾪵УݺһȭڶԷϡ
ǸɮҽһдڿѪ˳Զ
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183 ׻ͽ
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䡣
һ죬ըǿ˷һЩٶȽ߱ϣֱըˡ
һǿߵԱĲ˼飬Ȼŷ缸˶¶һĨɫǷӦһĻҲʲôý
˭Ҳ벻׻ŵ˾ȻԼ˺ݣΪɱ˵ˣԼԲҪ


184 
ŷɫܲÿ׻ͽ׻Ž˴뵽Ŀ
ɫ糣ŷ˹Цӯӯ˵ūѾ֪ݣһֻү֣֮ħͷȥүǧҪǡ
ûᣬ׵ĺأ߲ˡŷĮ˵һ֣СɫγɺΧΧм䡣
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˵
ŷ˵ǽŲȴͣ
һĻһֻҪŷ˵ͺá
һʮ޺Цǲʮ޺ҿԸǣңǵٶһҲƲʮ޺󡣡
Ҳšŷ˵Ҫ֣ϻ
󼱣Ͻ˵һ񹦣Ϊʮ˻ָصȫʢ״̬ǵʵҪʮ޺ǾԲܣҵȫһˡ

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λɽӰɣµòǻϲڵĵʥŮֱ˵ɽյɫЩȡ
˵ľǿңϲʥŮ¼ƷŮ֮ףȴûܹǡ𾳽磬ֻҪҺͻϲʥŮţᱻɾȻ׷ȴû˸õǡ
ȻҲǿߣǵǸ磬һڴﵽ߲ΣлŮ飬ûκ
ԣϲʥŮǹһΪħŮڸôϲȻΪǻΰ룬а
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СһۣƵ˵ʲô˵žͷѽ
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Լ˳ŷһʮˣȫ콾Ȼʮ޺ȥ

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ŷʮ޾壬ǵĶһ콾ɨһ޵УȻʮ޺Ҳ޿޾壬Ҫսһ
ɱ
ʮһ֣֮ͬʮѪأ·ʮ̫񱩣˺ء
ʮ޺ȣ貣ǽʮ˰Χм䣬ɨֺ顣
ŷͬħһ㣬˫ֺ˷סԷһδιݺɱһ޺ˡ
ɫҶءѪֻش𶯰˻ϣ޵С
ʮ޺𾪣ǿǻǵһμȻڶ⾳磬սȴǿˣ˴˵е壬ӲǵĹ
ɫѪڣѾ磬սһƬѪ𣬻һƬ죬λ޺С
Ʈɣһλ޺ĹƮȻɣȻУҲܴӦԡ
ɽհ˫ȭɨײһ𣬾ȻȻǿ󵽱̬ľ硣
һѶ󵶣ֱһŮʽȴ쳣ͣһλ޺ˡ
ħ곤ХħӰǿƥסλ޺Ĺ·硣
⼸˸ʩֶΣסʮ޺սеȻ˭Ҳ޷κζԷֻƴ


185 
ʮ޺ҲǳǵһĿսʮ콾Ȼսһ𣬵ȴǵսɢˣӲʮ޺ܡ
οǣǵıȹŷ缸Сˣٹһᣬʮ޺Կ϶ŷ缸˻ľ

˹ŷĵֿսƣߣټսȥɡ뵽ŷ翴һۡ
Ȼ׹ŷ˼ûԥһ־
һɽɫĹ⻯ʮֱûǵУڣȫоһ˲䲹
ȴڿЦͨôûиãһսʮ֮ڣܶκ

ʮ޺ɫ֪á
Ȼȹŷ٣ҲٲʱҲЩߵĸоʮһָ״̬Ǳذɡ
뵽ʮ޺ͻȻһߡ
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һ֣ʮ޺ɳȥڲԶ
ĦҪˡ˵һǿƵùŷĿɿڴɫСҲɴ۾ʶˡ
˭ʮ޺еһλŭʵ

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ԷȻǴ˵еʮҽʥ֮һľȿҽʥȻҲ֣Ħӣɵˡ
Ǳˣʮ޺Բᵣʲôʮҽʥȴһڽĺ֣׵
ȿҽʥ¸أαΪأǸ޺ڣһĨΡ
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һĶɫãȻĸǿ׳һҲϲ˰ɣҪմĦӣǲ̳Ϊ𣬵ǾԻΪһǿߣǼǿ֡
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186 ʮҽʥ
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187 
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ЩȻ׷㣬ȴû˺˼ֻҪɵӣܲ³Щ˼С㣬ϲһףϲڣԲҪ˦ǰɣŷһӣԼµĲˡ
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188 
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һɺ棬һﵽǴʲôطģû
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ҺƯ𣿡ûлشŷ⣬һ䡣
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ĿɿڴȻ̲סЦ˳òǹϵɣС
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189 ϵ
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ŷһЦ΢˿δЩϣûܵһ˺
̫ˡû˿ͣ٣ֱӽƿˡ
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㵹ʹ졣ŷЦ˵һ䣬Ȼɫ䣬˵Ǿڣڰ׺лоݵ𣿡
ŷĻϵʿһϽҡҡͷ˵ûУһҲûˣڰ׺нһطһŷݻˣھû˹
˵ϵʿͻȻһʧǹŷ硣

ϵʿһ֪ǰ˭ˣȻڴ˵еɷǣǸǿߣһ˻˾ڵһݵ㣬þں߲ܶ˼ɣԥҶ֡
ŷҽżңһضǿļ壬ֲƵǳһ̬ļһھ˵һѡ
ҲŻɱŷ磬Ϊ֣Ҫնв
˺ܶ࣬ҽռϷ磬ҪԹŷˡ
С϶ûʲô캦飬ֻﾻڽ壬ƽʱ׬ЩǮƣ֧һЩ¶ѧܹС϶һϵʿ˵ɫдһĨ
ĻŪЩ㶣ڵ˾ȻҲ£ùŷЩʼδ
ϵʿĻѣŷûϿκĳɷ֣Щԥˡ
һ߿֣֮ĶԻ̫סϵʿ˵Ŀ̲ס˵˵ĲȦĽ˵һȱˣһЩ¶滹һԺרһЩ¿ˡ
ŷ翴ϵʿһۣɫЩ졣
Ĭһᣬſ˵ΪԼȡ˻Ļᡣ
˻һϵʿϲͻȻվԹŷһŪЩæҡ
ŷȴǲÿɷ񣬲ɱԷԶԷкøУĻϵʿԼΪڵѾһˡ
ڵˣŷֻһͷǾնɱ


190 ֳ
ŷ뿪ʱϵʿͳġǸͯһĻӶˣɫЩ֣̿Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˿أ
뵽Լ˹ŷǮͯڵҪԼһƣǱ֪飬Ӳù
ЩڵȴҲǵɴ۾˼ĿһĻɾȻ˳һĻޱȡ
лϵʿϹһмģúܶ˾°ͣ⻹λô
ŷķӦ𾪣ֻǵɨһϵʿû˵뿪
ֱԶϵʿһ˲ŵ亹Ȼݺݵĵ˵ͯһۣȴûж˵ʲô
صԺ棬ͯҲ˽ȥһͯ˳ʦˣΪˣԴһذɡ
˻һȺȴɫЩȴҶ˵ʲôֻܷ뿪
Ǹղ˵Ļʲô˼ʲôڣ棬ʵ
ŷ翴һۣû˵
˵˵Źŷĸ첲˵
ɫĲŷ翴һ棬󳶵
ͷߣһ۴⣬ģ̫߸ߵĹϣи񵰵
ߣ˵ȥ档죬Щ˵
ŷνʼ磬ȥ
Դһ£ͻȻ˵ȥֳǰɡ
˻һǰ˾ͻȻһתͷ˵λֵܣǧܴŮȥֵط
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ֳһϴпֳǣرңǮбүŮôƯҪȥĻԻµġ˾ĵѵ
ʲôأŷʵ
ŷӣ˾֪ûнԼĻȥһ̾͵˵кȭжޣжĳַֻ벻ģûҲġ
ǵͦģʦǾȥֳǡŷЦ˵
˾ȰŷĻЦ˵ʵʦûпҲһбˡ
˾˵ˣֹֻţбд
ЩҲЩţ˾Ľܣֳǲһõط˹ԹŮҲҪһΣʶһν˵õʲôһط
ŷ翴ɫﻹ֪ʲôһЦԼҪ£¶ס
˾̾Ϣ˱ض¡ʹһ۾òҲܸоһƯŮŮֵطء
ֳǿȥ߳ӵʱҲһ
̻Իͣǹһ룬Զڰ׺ӵһƬԵĴֱʡ
ֳͣźܶ೵ӣεĶǱＫȲۣģ˵Ǿ޽С
ǽװģһʿӣ
һĻֹҲǶ˰㿴Ƕò
ŷ粻мЦһû˵
ȥеĽţ˹ŷһֳۣȥŷҲȥ
ߵֳſڵʱǱ㱻ˡ
мĶˣһʵС㣬лԱ𣿡
ʲôҪԱȵ˵
ֻӴԱ޹˵ȣ뿪ܰ˵Ҳ̫Щ
ǰһԱŷ翪ڡ
нĻԱܰģϻԱܲСǸ˵һӣŷǵӲмˡ
ǿɶҲӣûбҪǿ
ˣǷϻʲôϽǹվӰǵ󡣡һڣɫȲͷ
ûУǸϽɣҪ⡣ͬɧɨ˹ŷһۣм˵
Сˣ޺޵ĵˣǵһαô˵
ŷȻһЦͻȻǰȥ
һ˳ȥһŶӱ߷˳ȥڼԶĵϡһһȴûкˣݺݵһ߹ȥŷ硣
³ҲǺܱҵģŷһȭ˳ȥȭͷֱϣҽһˤڵϡ
ٽĿ˴һȻֻŹŷ磬ﶯִˣǾùŷˡ
ȥ˭ңһȺ׳աŷԵ˵Щ㶵˾ȥ
£ֵǸϽóԽ


191 ׺ҵĵ
飡飡
죬ŷһһţ˹ȥ
ĿɿڴЩżŷ磬Ҫܡ
ʲôŷ粻˵
һɵӵı鿴ˣǿ߰ץס군ˡɫżȻקŷ磬ûжߡ
һĨаЦŷһʹק˻УȻ˵׺ﶼȥ˭ң
ɢһְһ˭š
סˣɵɵŹŷ磬ǵһʶһ
ԴΪʲôطϴĵطҲ¡һЦĸڣ§һŮһŵӡ
ŷƳһۣȻһĭ˳ȥֱ䵽˵ϡ
һ㶣ȻŭָŹŷŭҴ򡣡
ĸȫ˳ȥŷ֡
һЩԼΪʲôҪŷֱǷһ˭ǡ
飡飡飡飡
죬ĸȫɳȥŶڵϳ鴤
Ǹ˿Ŀɿڴϴһ⣬ŮͻȻһշӦҪܣһЬӱǰŴ󣬺ݺݵϡ
ҽжûзһ㱻ŷһΡǸŮ˱ʶקסˤڵϣԴһܵײһҲ˹ȥ
һȺ˳һĻʱɫһ䣬ǽŷΧס
һɫŹŷ磬˵ֵϵģΪʲôҪ£
֣ŷ̫ǿˣ֣һ˼ɶûУ˲ɵӣдͷˣ¾
ϴ󣿡ŷͷʵ
һ£ҡҡͷǡ
Ǿ͹һȥϴҪͶߡŷ粻˵һСܺԼϻʲô
Ͷߣ
ǸԴЩתʲôطɵͶߣһﲻɡ
뵽ɫһ΢΢һŭ˵ֵǹµİɣǶϴĵ̣ŵԼķ
ɵҵĻǲǣŷû˵
٣ҿɵأҸô˵ȥһ̲סŭһоֱŷȥ
ŷһת׼ȷڱǰҽһԶһ˹ȥ
ŷĶ굹һڹŷеľ
µȴû취ˣŷ統棬£ȫСһ˵Ҵۡ
ʮŷ˹һɱڵӡ
һŵӣµڹŷĻУ۾ҿ
һҽд۾ʱֳֻʣ¹ŷǸվԭˣȫڵϡ
𾪵Źŷ磬ɫ쳣ѿ
ŷֳ֪һ˲ʮˣõҲ붼롣
žž
һһӲԶ߹ӥǹˣһɰŷ磬дһ̾λ֡
ϰ塣
翴ĳ֣ʱһϽ˺һ˵ߡ
ĿŴУŷбʵ
һ飬Դ֮󣬸Һô˵ˣûŷһɲĸо겻׷
ȻһЦ˵ǿϰ壬ղҪң֪ʲô飿
ŷ翴һۣ΢΢Щ죬һڵУȻôᣬû뵽ŷȴںЩ˵ڰ׺л죬ûаͷأҵĵ̡
˻һ˶Ȼ˼ĶŹŷ磬˵׺Լ̵˲ûУһ˻ڶ졣ҡϵĴУгư԰׺еͷ
ǿͻȻЦˣùŷһˣԼﳶֱԼݡ
ܲмŷͻȻ˵Щ䣬ǿһͻ
۹ŷǲˣ߸ûܵסŷ磬һʵǿ¶һĨЦݣ˵֪ôƺҰͷҲҪ֪Ǻδ˲аɣ
ЦЩΣһ˱ƵԼģȥĻԻͬЦһǸˣԲΪӣԼ顣
ŷ硣
³֣ǿͻȻɫһ˹ŷۣͻȻǴ˵еĹŷ硣
粻һ˵ŷľ
ǿһɫͻȻù


192 Ů
̧ͷȵ˵ʶ㣿
֪Сɫƽʱ̫ע⡣ŷ˵Χ˰զ࣬ǿųƶڰ׺еĵϾһλãǱ磬Ҫһͷ
ڹŷ羹Ȼ˵ǿСɫ˶о𾪣в²ŷ
ҲͷŷĻסˣĺڵУȫǲܵĳǿˣû뵽ŷȴǷУСɫ
ҿǿɫŷȻʵ
٣Ҫһ˵Լ֣Ͳᷢˡǿ̲סЦһҪ֪ԷǹŷĻ϶ЩСŷǺˣȻ˵ɱҹƵǼ̳ǱӴܣͬʱ˶żүǿˣܹġ
ͬŷ˵һֻһȺСɫϡ
ңŷЦЦ˵
ǿð亹Ͻ˵ˣ𱸹٣ȫµĴ󡣡
⻹࣬ҴһϢӽ𣬰׺оҵĵˣҪȥģҪͷĻ͸ҹ׺СŷԵ˵
ҲǸոͷ֮ǰ뷨Ҫ׺бԼĵ̣ԼŮﰲýһλὫϢ
ǿɫһ̲࣬סЦ˵٣˰ɣǸͰ϶˼Ǻޣ»졣
ֻҪ飬׺еϣԺҵĴˡŷ絭˵
˻һǿһ⣬Щ˵ģ
ǿûгǸǹŷ翪ʵ̫ˣΪŷڰ׺еϵĴˣ͵ڳ˰׺еϵİҪӹŷķԸ֮⣬ʵĵһˡ
ȻģİȫҲõģһֵܱ㣬Բ¡ŷ˵
ãӦˣӽǿǹٵҳϵˡͶЧֱӳΪŷ£ùŷһ¡
Ϊʲôŷ۾һС
Ϊˣʼбʱ򣬵ǳΪĵ£ζԶλߣҵȻ֪ôѡ񡣡ǿЦ˵ûһΡ
һˣȻҲһĻԸƭ˹ŷ磬ֱ˵е뷨ҰģΪŷ£ߵλá
ĿǿһۣŷȴƲƲ죬Сܲô׵ģڻûʸ񣬰ҷԸµãҲôһ졣
˻һǿ̲סЦûһ죬ԼСܣԷԼ
ɫŷȻ֪ʲôƲƲ첻м˵ԼȺơǻҪǿҾ㣬ǼСܣƤҪǡ
˻һǿɫܾʣһ𾪵ӡ
ơȻ֪˭ǿǰ׺ҹӣȻųư׺еĴУǵǰȴǲ̫һͷ
ŷ羹ȻǶΪСˣڹŷۣǿһء
ˣģ㲻Ҫƻҵ£ʲôĶҽһ°ɡŷ翴һۻеʱԹɵģһ仰˵ľһСŮˡ
ʵ˵ǱŷıָסˣշһڵУһʲôˣΪŷֻһֺܺõ˰ˣڿŷݱеҪӵĶˡ
ʱǿע⵽ŷ绳еȻһڿ򣬵ȴԽԽ졣
ŮǿͻȻһӶɳˡ
û뵽ŷ绳еŮ˾ȻǿŷдһĨȻʲôŮ˶Ū֡
ɫһ䣬Ͻ˵ϴˣҲ
ɫЩţҪǱ˷Ůֵطһ޴
ǿҡҡͷִ˵ҲϴģŮ춼ĸ裬ķ˿
۶Сǣһߵ粻Ŀõ⻹ԼϴҲ̫˰ɡ
ŷЩͷˣһŲ˹ȥǿһͷû˵ʲôϽȥ档
ǿŷӦٺһЦվȻһ㶼⣬ֻǿȻ˳ݺСǡ
ŷ綼ˣ˭õһڵУȻһ׷壬ݵز
뵽ŷ翴һۣѾͷȻһǣ֮ǰû뵽
·𿴳ŷ뷨һЦС˵֪ҵ˰ɡСϴһĨ⡣
ŷ粻мĿһۣſ˵Ѿͷ
ɫһһҧгݵı飬һ㶼òá


193 ҵɱ
ǿ˵ֹЩɴ۾뵽ȵòʱǿòϣʹԼŮ񣬵ǺͽȣҲȷʵûʲôơ
ǿ̲סһСŮǣڶ˿ΪŮ񣬿˵ȦƯŮˡ
һŶɱŷ粻м
һţ㻹кü𣿡ɴ۾һﲻôĵһ˰ɡ
ŷָһ£ſڵѾˣһǰ׺ƯŮ죬һǰ׺ƯŮУһ׺ǮŮˡ
˻һɴ۾ŷɷµӣ˵ٻ
һߵǿɫ΢΢һ䣬׺ƯŮ˭Ȼֻ֪û뵽ŷ羹ȻλҲˡ
뵽ǿ̲ס˵ٺñ¡
Ŀ佱һĽŮͲ˵ˣŮˣֱ񼣡
һһ㣬ŷ֪ܵ˵
޳ܡ
Ц˻ģǺģ֪ΪΣŷŵʱû񣬷һȻĸо
·ŷôŮ˲ӦģͬʱЩŮˣһֵĽо
뵽ɫ̲סһ졣
СѾͷ˼ˣŷЦʵ
ޣ˼ءһڣû˵
ͻȻӹŷĻѳһ˵Ůܲף㲻Ҫ§ˡ
ŷƲƲ죬һм˵Ϊ§㣬ҪЩ˺㣬ҲѾͷء
ɫһڣŷֱʵزݺݵĶŹŷ磬˵ҳҵҪʶʶжôƯǲͬ˵ɡ
˭һε˵ó󣬶ᷢƢģο֮ŮһֱĻŮĹ⻷
ŷĴһҡҡͷ˰ɣϲš
ɫһڣ̲סﲻЩˡ
֪㲻ǣǼ֮˵ˣŵ˿ɵģŮͨɱŷܽ˵
ˣֻܶԹŷܲŵıһָ
ǿһ߿˶죬ȴҲ廰۹ŷǰεĺƢǶ˵ŷȴһ۲۵ǿߣһԼ˵³»ܲҡ
һ·һ㡣
һĳУ˶ڽŶĲ˴ϲʧǣüͷ̬ȫп
һ棬۾ɵôģڼʶ˵еĶĳˣͽûеӰеԵúӹףЩʧ
ҪҪԣǿЦʵ
ŷ翴һۣ˵һɣҾˣȻ㲻ĳǮӮĻ
ǿЦû˵
һ˹ǿ˵һ䣬뿪Ȼһ̳
һϣСܹˡǿ˹Щ޴롣
һûУǶԼ׬ģû͹ôǮ
Ŀŷ磬ʶŷ
СһȥɣҲӮˡŷֽӹ룬˵ǿ¶һĨЦ
һ־һ򣬻С֪˵Щʲôˡ
˹ŷĻҲǷ˵ͷЩ˷ܵߵĳУʼеһζĲ
ǿɹʹһɫԷʱ˵ͷ
ʮӺǿͷðˣѾһѳ룬ǧô޴һǮһֳܲסĸо
ɹٽĿͶǿѯ
Ͼ̫ˣȥĳҪҲв˿ãע̶̵һʱ䣬ĳʽʧ
ĵıų룬һСԣ۾Źˡ
Цŷ˵ԭǮô򵥰֪ҾͲˣӮǮ
򵥡ŷڳ鴤Ѿͷ˵
ɣҪǿɹٴкĿӶסˣӮȥɡŷû˵
һ㶣ǿһ˵ı飬ͷһ˼ӡȻӦСѾͷҲԼеˡ
ЩǮҲҪˣǰɡԵЩᣬǹϵĽݸǿ
ǿԥ֪òýӡ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ŰɣһˣûһСѾͷܴôһݼҵ
ǿ΢΢ЦҪǼǧҪҲҪǷС
ŷѾˣԽ˹ɫЩ졣


194 ˡ
Ǯָܿ飬ǿȥġ
𣿡ǿЩԥ֪᲻ϲ
νޣǽͷ޷һطȻ˺ҧʤΪ漫Ѫȣǿ᲻ϲ
̫˰ɡ
Ȼԥ˵ɫдһ㲻̡
̾ͲȥˣеˣгԵ𣿡ŷӣʵ
Уǿǰ·
ŷ翴һۣ˸ǿһĲʯ̾͵ĵ棬ɾĿԵӳӰԷ˺̬ܶ࣬ţһɹ
ȻķǸ
ֵʱ򣬲۾һ¶ȵɫ֪ϳԼЩġ
İɣС㣬ˣҪһأ˲͸¶ȥ֣ȻܵлԱĺѹǲὫϢ͸©ȥġǿ֪ĵģЦ˵һ
ͺáЦ˵
ΨһĵˣҲſеģĴ
ǿȥˣȥ׼ˡȻҪͶŷ磬ȻҪֺоһ㲻
ǿȥ󲻾ãһʮҵ˽ͷ㣬ʮڣһ뺷ϴɷ
֮Ǹ۾һֱ˹
ҿ̵ҾȻˡڴֻһ˷ܵӣ˵ʱˮ磬ùŷüͷ
Զ㡣ŷ˵
üͷһ壬ŷһĨ⡣м˵ں˵ʲôϽӹһȥ
̬ᣬһ˵꣬ǰҪŷ俪

ŷŭЦûұ鷳أھȻҵͷˡһһŽ߿ŷһץס˵ԴݺݵԱߵһ
һ춯صĲҽǸڳ鴤š
ŷһЦĽӵһߡת˶ܿ˵ȫˣǹǷ飬ϵļûһõĵطѪ˳쳣ҡ
ƤӶûգһ£͹ŷദôһʱ䣬Ѿȼʶŷĳˣǿ磬ѾֲˡͬʱͬǸˣ˭ãҪǹŷ磬ǸԼҲʹ
ʮֱΧǻȥĸ죬ͬʱŷһȭ󷭹˺üԶ
һЩʳ;Уӱ򷭣˽һ
ȴû˸ҷŭ𾪵Źŷ磬⻹𣿾Ȼزһ˲ʮˡ
ǿϻ֮󣬿ľһĻüͷһ壬֪á
˹ŷ磬ɫֱ˹
ϵܣҽѵҶҡ
ǿ˹˶ʱ¶һĨɫȣȫûע⵽ǿŷǾη
˭ǿĿȫǵˣһʱ֮ûϳ
ϸ簡㲻ʶˡ˼˵
Ĵһˣǿǿϳݣûͬһŷ綯֣ɫһ㶣ŭƽʱ㲻ΪʲôҪǿϴ󣿡
ϴ󣿡
סˣŵĿһ۹ŷ磬Ĺֵ꾹Ȼǿϴô֪
ǿɫپҵϴ֮Ȼϵǵ˹٣Ҳﲻ㣬ˡ
ǿһһȺ˹
ǿ˵дһɱ
¶ֵɫе㲻ǿҪɱңҵֵǲŹǵġ
ǿɫЩһ֣һȺȥЩڣ˵Ҳ֪ᷢʲô顣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǼʶʲôڵˣѪȺɱ¾Ҳһ̻һʻһ̾ͻһˡ
뵽̲סһ¡
ģǿʳ˶̫ˡŷӣЦ˵
Ҵûпһ棬ֵǮ̾һ˫Ӷڹŷϣʳһ䣺Ǻ𣿡
ŷһ㶣Цˣ˵ֻк˺ͻ𣿡
ɻҡҡͷ֪˵Щʲôѵϲֻк˺ͻ
ɫɻ󣬹ŷĵ˵Ҳҵĵ˵Ҿһħ¶һЦݣȴܵһɳǵĺ⡣
˵ҲһõˡǿͻȻڣһ㶡
ĬһᣬͻȻЦˣŷ֣һ˫·˵۾ڹŷ۾ϣƽʵ𣿡


195 ׼
û֣ŷһĵ˵ԭǻѰ˺ңһڵɡ
˹ŷһۣû˵㲻˵ҳó𣿡
ŷĵͷЦ˵ұȽؿζҾϲġ
á
ˣǳʢǳʦ׼µ˼㡣
ԵĺܿģôóԵĶɲƽʱΪݳָϳζԵȴǲࡣ
ŷͼ˼ӣˣƵĺŲˮ̻ʡ
ôԣɻʵ
ζУ̫ԣֱǶͶ̥ŷ˵󻹲һ
ӵĿ˹ŷһۣЦķҳԹζˣҲûбЩ˸óԵˡ
ŷٺһЦû˵
վһߵǿȴЩɫ죬ŷժ¥ϰ壬ժ¥ķˣȻǿ̫ˡ
ûбҪ˼ģò˾Ǻòˣǿ㲻㡣һӣǿЦ
̲סѵС㣬ˣ¹٣ΪȷʵԹǷõĲˣӦժ¥ɡ
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극뿪죬ǿҲжˣŷȥЩ̬֮Ϲŷλģ͹׺УȻĻֻһǾ
ͬʱŷ粦ͨʤĵ绰ֵܱһǿ
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˾Ӧ죬Ͻһ̣ûɽͨ¹ʡ
ɫЩףŷȴһνӣ˵ײ棬ǳӷըҲδܹ˺
ԲλҪҼС㣬ʵ̫ˡ˾ϽǸɫЩš
͵͵£۾˸Сǣ͸ղŵǿһ֡
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صƵ꣬ŷҪȥһŮ˳ʱ򣬶ʱ¶һظӡ
һס֣ŮԹ˵ҵСڣڻˣɼˡ
ͷɵɵһЦû˵
Ů˽·ľˣһֱܺãһ·ߵڣУԼڵĳɾͣǳ·Ĺ͡
Զڳ·֣ŻһԲ
ӣ·ЦҡҡͷϲԲŻûʱһֱߵڡ
ɰӣ·Ҳ
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·ֵĿ˹ŷһۣɫЩࡣ
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½һѣ϶벻Ȼȫʶң̫ˡЦ˵Եúܿġ
ı֣·¶һĨǣüͷ˵϶ƭˣô˲ʶ㣬˾һƭӡ
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Сܶ鶼ԷҲ㣬ԺǧǸˣһʲôţǰ;ȫˡ·ĵ˵
һֱߵŮǵ·ߣӳڣûһţһܴҵϲ
ĺĳ˴ҵ˵һ־޴Ĵ
㣬ˣˡС죬Щ˵
·ɫ׳˵㻹Ļˣı齫һϽ˵ͷ
ȻĻͱǸеˣǷвУ·쳣˵
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196 °
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ʱ׺лȻˡ
ûҪͳһ׺Уȴûܹɹ׺иһҵأû˸ͬʱЩ
һЩ壬Ҵ׺еע⡣
ŷһȥ˾ȣȻЦûжڵȴͷ
ŷ綯ˣУʵɫƽ
ϽͷûȥͶϣ鲻ô򵥡
ŷڰ׺еĸ̫ǳܶ˸֪һȷѪ꼴ˡ̾Ϣ
ҪҪֹ
ҡҡͷ˵ǱȻĽֹһΣֹ˵ڶΣŷҪƿذ׺УһѪϴǲġ
ʱĹŷ磬Ǹ뵽ղٸŷһƬȡ
ǿˡͻȻסŷȥ·ɫЩ̾
ȲĻԶϱأûʲôɣŷһ§סӵļЦ˵һӡ
Щϰߵüͷӵ˵û£⼸һЩҵˣڹ۲ʲô˵¶ˡ
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ȻҪˡ˹ŷһۣû˵۲תЩԥ˵ܲٸһţ
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ŷֱӴӦûһԥ
ͲȥʲôڹŷĴ󷽣ЩСж
ҵŮˣҵĶģþȥΪʲôҪôࣿŷЦ˵ԼŮ˵飬棬ֻҪŮԼģǰԼģǾͿˡ
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ĸŮͨԣ˵Ǻջ󣬵ǹŷȴԼ
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ŵ֮ٻѩ¶صԼ˯ˡɫͨĿ˹ŷһۣԼķȥ
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197 
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ŷ籧һ˫ţһ߷壬Ȼס

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ŷüëһû˵ҵŮˣԲܵһίһġ
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ССһڷˣ֪ŷԼĸ׵ķ߳ζʲô
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פյ˸ʵĹΣԵƻã쳣졣פյһ̣ΪԼһıʯء
̫Ưˡ̾
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һۣȻԥùһųȥ
ҩ˶棬òһ˲䷢˾޴ı仯˲ֻ꣬ʮͷȴֻжʮᡣһͷͷǷ賤ֻǸոյλãȴֱӳ˽ź
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ɫһ֪ͣԼŷˣǵˡ
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198 
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񡢺ơʯڡˣժ¥˴ľֹ֧ŷΪ׺еİ
ƵɫȴЩÿŷ罫ĿͶ֮Ƶ˵Ҵ󲮲ͬ⣬һ˵ģϴǼһ·
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⼸ܺãܵӹģڼ䶾ȥǰָ̬״̬õĲˡ
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ǵմŮ˼˰ӣ֪ĸôˣմŮķۡͬ½ƼһһŮˣΪȴܿʣƽʱϵܺã˾Ψһѡ
˵˵˺졣ɫһ죬ŭ˵
УҶˣ˵ɣǸ˵˭½ƼƲƲ죬һ㲻ҪƱ˵ı顣
ѵԼֵôԣ뵽ɫһ졣
뷴һ˹󸹱㣬͹⣬ḁ̊́һĿתϣһĨȡȴܺõסˣû˷֡
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ãһڲŷ˵ԵúòĹ˾ɲ²õӡ󣬸鷳
ģ½Ƽһһŷ磬ɻʵģ
ѡŷֱ˵칫Ŀˢһȫ˹⼸ıֱ˿Уܶ˾;ϲˣȻǲˡ
ܶͬ¶ʧɫһֱõ廨أȴû뵽һ˲ˡ
ȥˣλԵһ¡½ƼЦ˵
ŷͷͻȻɫһ䣬칫˹ȥ
칫Уھ߻һ˫§סҪѹɳ档
ȣȴͽͣ칫ר˸ǿ
һŮӵܹ͸߻һȣܿͱѹɳˡ
ˣԹ޵ѹԼϵˣԼҸѵҪһ˻ٵ
վӲҪΪҵŮˣİһġ߻һЦ˵̰塣
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ӣҴҡ߻ɫŭһҪ˺·
ʱͻȻһ߿ŷͬһͷŭϻ˽
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һץס߻ŷʹһӣ߻޴𣬺ݺݵײǽϡ
߻ҽһڵѪ˹ȥ
ֱͶ˹ŷĻУصĴùŷˡ
Ǹ˹ǰһĻ׷ʲô顣ǿ߻˱ġ
½Ƽߵ߻ߣŭϲ˼š
˵½ƼѲ㱻ˣҲܶԷԼ˾ų˵
߻Ѿ˹ȥȴ½Ƽ⼸ѹ
ŭĶ½Ƽŭʲô
½Ƽüͷһһڸ߻ϣҽһ
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199 ϰ
߻ʹĲҽһ޺޵Ķ½Ƽ˻ˣҪ㣬ھ͸ҹ
ŷɫһ䣬Ҫ֡
½Ƽ죬ٴβһţֱ̤ڸ߻ϣ߻ȵòҽһѪܣٴ˹ȥ
Ҫ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡½ƼЦóһֻͨһ绰
쵰ҸӵʱǰȻԸ½Ƽ˵ֻ꣬ҵ
ͬǶЩ㶣뺷½ƼɶʱҲ̫˰ɡ
߻Ҳ޺޵ĵŹŷ½Ƽͨ˵绰
ǸϽ¡ϵ绰߻һЦı鿴½Ƽ͹ŷ磬ɫݶ
һȺԱվǰһĻ
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һȺ˹ſȺѪڵϵĸ߻֮󣬶ʱһ
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Ҵģ˵Ʋ𣿡½ƼЦ
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Ļ½Ƽݺݵ˸߻һţŭҲԩ𣿡
Ļһڣ߻˵ˣ½Ƽݰأ鷳ֱӺϰ˵һˣαôࡣ
ﲨЦһ˵ֵõԩ㣿ȹҵҪһҹ˾Ҷ͸㣬ֻһ仰顣
˻һ߻ɥ
ʶԼʲôˣʱʲôⶼǲ԰ġ
ôﲨŷʵ
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һ˱ֲˣʲôֶΣܶвţֻﲨŹŷ˵ģҽѾﵽĵزˡ
߾ͻȻ񾭲ԼײӣȻΪ˰׳գҼסҵĻҲ˵ĿɨһȺԱﲨ˵
ǡ
һȺԱ֪ﲨڷڣǶԸ߻ûкøУȻҲΪ߻飬Լ鷳
ȵ˶ɢȥ߻ҲһȺ̧ߣﲨЦź͹ŷ˵ֵܣò׼ˣһѡ


200 ԯħ
һۻеŷҡҡͷ˵ˣһҪء
ﲨ¶˽ɫ˵ͷЦȻҾͲֵˣһȥɡ
ֱŷ뿪½ƼͻȻʵ˵ľˡ
ʲôԵ𣿡ﲨͷԼǰûִϰǣһСˡ
ϴβ˵µӣʲô½Ƽ޷޲ƽ˵
½Ƽôһ˵ﲨҲסˡ
Ҳʶԣ˶֪ûнأȻĻǹŷΪʲôֻ̤
뵽½Ƽ¶һŭı˵ߣһҪҴĿŷΪˡ
ţ˰ɣϾŷҵľˣǵ˽ûбҪܵġﲨϽ˵Լƻ˹ŷ֮Ĺϵ
ߡûһö㲻˵ǲҲ˱Ů˵ʱùŷŰ
ﲨϵıˣֹŷ磬Ĳ㣬Ǽкޣรɡ
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ӣŷҡͷ顣
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ŷٺһЦһ§ס֫§С
۵ЦˣûĹ
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ŷһֻŲϣ΢΢ʱ귢һǺĲҽС
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վɡ
һͬ˳ȥСſڣŷЦе˵ţѵһǱ𣿡
һ죬˹ŷһۣ
ȻĻҾֻǿˡŷһӣһСſڱŷǿˣԺͱˡ
뵽ɫͨ죬һ
ţѸٵڹŷһȻɫͨ˵ȥɡ
ŷٺһЦ뿪
Źŷ뿪ıӰɫۡ
û߶ԶŷͻȻһһط˹ȥ
һǿ׳ӰһɢſֲϢ
ħ
ŷ羪ȵ˵˲ǱˣǷħֻϢһθǿˣ֮ûжκθһ
ҽԯħзħħڣɫƽֻᵽԯħֵʱвһĨ
ԯŷһ⣬µһ˭ִԼо߷ħˡ
ʲôɱ𣿡ŷ۾˵
ԯħҡҡͷƽ˵Ҫһ仰㡣
ʲô
ԯħˣŷµԯݺᣬŷ֪λĵҪԼʲô


201 ΪŮ
ԯħƽޱȣû˿˵Ϊ˲̫ʱ䣬ɱһ
ŷɫһ䣬ԯħ˵ȥӣʲôʱҪҳ֣ʧܵһ
ԯħͷת뿪
ȥıӰŷɫᡣ
ŷĻԯݺɫƽ˵֪ˡ
ԯħȥֻԯݺվ۲תԶ֪Щʲô
š
Уŷƿǵţֱ˽ȥ
治ֻһ꣬ŷֵʱüͷһ壬ѯʵͶϡ
üͷһ壬û뵽ŷʱȻԼǵĿһۣüŷ˵ʲô
ѽ°ûУǳԷȥŷЦ˵
Цÿ˹ŷһۣڲòãʲô
ˣȳȥһ¡Ǹŷʹɫ
óȥˡһͻȻڡ
ҵľֳû뵽˾ȻϹûбҪȥˡһҲĮ˵
ɫһǿƽ˵黹ûиۣλ¶ۣǲ̫һ㣿
ԣֻдһĨǡ
ǰ£Ҫָֻţߡ˵
ֱŷ綯֣Ҫȥ
ŷһһһ˹ȥƺߣһۣ˹ȥҲһǿϲ٣Ǻ͹ŷȣͲ̫ԶˣͲǶ֡
ŷľٶһǾˣ֪ʲô𣿡
֪ˡŷƽ˵
ǣ
ǳԷȥɡŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣû˵ͷڶʲôʱ򣬻ųԷ
һѽ§סŷЦ˵ţõģСˣκβҵġ
ǲУأʵ
ŷ粻мĿһۣǴҡ
ȻһӣŷͻȻЦˣգգ۾ʵţڹ𣿡
ȥҹȥǴţȻ˳ȥ
پԱĿͶ˹üͷһ壬һԼ칫ҵˣ˵ͻرݡ
ʱЩŷڵϵˣʱһòǶ֪˭ɵģ˹ŷû˻Ὣֵ˶УǿŷӾηˡ
һŵĿУüͷ̽ԵʵҪһͳ׺У
ûйͷֻгأҵŮǴһƽŷ˵һ㶡
ֻô򵥵뷨Щš
һ˫Ӷڹŷϣҵһ˿ı֡ʧǣŷĿᶨ峺ķ·Կġ
𶯣֪ŷ˵Ķ滰ͳһ׺УĿľô򵥣ΪԼŮһƽ
ԼŮ˵̬ͳһ׺У˵ףҪжѪɱ¾붼ܹ֪
ŷȵڰ׺нһǣԸǣ˶ȻҪĳ
Ĳˡ̾ϢһһξԼ͸ˡ
Ժᶮģ
ŷЦģǵ֣ȻǸоһԼϡɫɻ󣬵ϳһƻõӣʵĹΣɻˡ
ʯʵ
ŷҡҡͷЦ˵붼벻ĺö
ƲƲ죬û˵ʲôöܲǴ˵еפյСפյһء
ŷ纬Ц
ͻȻɫһŵĶŹŷ磬һ˫ɵõϴ󣬲ŵ˵㡭ⲻǡפյɡ˵Щˣž䱦һפյõԼǰ
ˣϧûнŷЦ˵ȴǻĲ
ϣ˿׷Ůµˣפյ˵еҩڽȵ֤ʵȷʵڡ
ҲйһЩҪӵŮȴûԼܹõ
͸ҵģǲ˵ûĸŮ˲ϲģҲһ
ŷ˵ͷȻˣֶ͸ţһ͸˭ѽ
лл㡣
ͻȻסŷ磬һڣɫͨ죬ȴ˷ܵı顣
Ȼڹŷ羪ȵУһڽפյȥʱͷ賤ڷһӨ͸ȸղŸ֡Լı仯ףղǸפյȻġ


202 
κ󣬴˷״̬»ָŹŷ磬ҧҧ˵ԭˡ
Ϻףŷûס
ߡһۣɫЩ죬뵽ϵ飬͸оЩˡ
ŷͻȻٺһЦǵһֻ֣С˵ţɶʱٿȥ
ʱǸնԹŷĺøУһ˲ȫʧûİ˹ŷһۣߺߵ˵ȥɡ
վߣŷϽ׷ȥ
ͯĿɿڴĶǣǵƯĹֵŮˣղͷûôģھȻ쵽Ÿˡ
ˣˣҪؼˡû˵
ŷƤЦЦ˵ãҲȥһؼҰɡ
롣ǶȻܾһû⣬ԼصԼļң֤ʲô鷢
ͻȻһŷʵǲҽ
ŷͷû˿ԥȻ˵ϣֻҪǲûβõġ
У¶һĨϲ⡣
ȥҲУҪһ¡ŷ˵ܲ³ǿ϶ҪԼ
ɫһ죬û˵롣
Ǿˡ
ŷһΪӣû˿ŲĴ㡣
ɵˣͻȻһת¶һĨЦݣаɣҰɡ
ŷɫЩɣѾͷڸʲôб˲ռ˵ŷɲ뿼ô࣬߹ȥֱǵһ¡
ž
һİǴе񰡡
ʱŮȫûƽʱ磬һҪܵŮģ廹ɪɪ
ֱ֣ùŷӲ˶ԼͶı񣬲ԶмС꣬߿ԾԾԵı顣
ŷ絰ˣѾͷǹġ
ţһȥɣǽ飬ѾҵĺӣҲܷǲܰŷͻȻڣеݽһ
ɫͨ죬ûˣһ쵰˵ʲô׺ƣֱòԶǵɴ۾Ӣ۾ͷҲ˲ô뺷ŮˣﻹõԼȡ
ţԭҰɣһȥɣ֪һжҵĴһģͲҪˣòã㲻Ϊ룬ҲҪΪĺ밡ӲûиװŷһͰ͵ӣǡ
ͣ˽Ųһλ̿ȥˣվ˳ȰŮҿ㻹ǸСӻȥɣóǶˣҪΪһʱԣԼҸҺӳˣûи׵ĻԽõġ
ǰ͸СӻȥɣҿС˲һҸġ
ǰҪΪԼĺ밡
˴ͷ˿ˣǿЦã֪˵ʲôáǺǹЩ˶죬뵽ԷΪԼãȻʹͷ
ŷı飬һתͻȻ¶һȻı飬ָŹŷ籯ߵ˵ΪҲȥˣ˵һӶҺãȴұŮˣһֹһεԭյĻǱѣǾãҸܹҸ𣿡
ŷı齩ˣ˿ɫжӡת˿ڷ磬ŭ˵ôõĹŮΪʲôԸȥأԭˣģòȻƤޣ㲻ӵôõŮӣȥɡ
Ըν𱬣ѹŷһٳ
·˸Ṇ̀Թŷиں䡣ŷɫ쳣ѿȴЦ쳣ġĸϻ϶Ц˻
̲סˣŷһסǵ֣ȻתܡΧ˷Ӧ֮ܵûӰˡ
̿뿪ķ򣬸̾˵õĹỤ̊ˣǼ޸Ҽӣɱǿˡ
ǹŷ֪ԼȻ˱ˣ֪ʲô顣
ܳԶ̳ͣԼ֣ɫЩ졣
ӮˡŷһƵı飬ղŽУյʤǣܡŮںܶʱơ
˹ŷһۣǵ˵Ժ󻹸Ҳ۸ˣߣֻһѵѡ
ðɣҽѵţ㲻Ӧһǲȥģŷתĺܿ죬»ָЦݡ
ҺʲôҲŲأ˵ɣҪҴӦʲôֻҪ̫֣ҶӦ㡣˹ŷһۣû˵
ֵ̫Ҫ󣿡ŷ°ͣȻȥӦòְɣ
ɫһڣһȥүġȻһ˹ȥŷɶ㿪һʧɫӣĳɱ׷򰡡
Ͽ˵Ȼˣҿûʱĥߴƽʱĸϻ֮һЩ˶Ҫš


203 ʹ
ͷŷͻȻ֣ԼûʲôǺԼȥȥǲܵģǾԲӦ
˰죬ŷſЦſڵˣҳһٴͰɡ
ǵɴ۾ô򵥡
ҪѣѵҪҿ⡣ŷɴ۾һԾԾԵı顣

ˣǴŹŷԴͣưƣǵĴ£һС͹ǰ档
ŷɴ۾СƵꣿЩˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ԲԣҸ㣬ķһЩƵ궼ûóԣŵĻԲԡ˹ŷһۣǾֱ˽ȥŷҲֻø˽ȥ
ʱ򲢲Ƿ㣬Է沢ûˣиʮСŮڹ̨棬һ飬ζĶš
˽ʱ۾һСųһĨЦݡ
裬ǽˡ
ŮĻʱӺ߳һʮķޡǣ˵϶¶һĨЦݡ
侯ˣҪԵʲôλѰɣСӳڵӣСŮĸ׿Щľګǵȴ˸мùŷ֡
Ů˵ŷԼѣɫ΢죬ȴû磬Ц˵ɩӣ˵ôˣ㺰Ǿˣ侯ʲôĶְҽصԷģ˳㿴Сŵôˡ
ǵĻŮͻȻ̾ϢһĿϧɫεӣǮ˲٣һɫûУҽԺ˵Ҫ֫ûͬ⣬ӲôСǲʧȥ˫ȡ
裬ûµģСźܺã㲻õģʵںܺãÿѧȥͬѧһҪ·ȥСźܿġСŵŮµģһõЦݰοԼĸס
һۺοһµŮ˵˵һҸ
ЦЦڵ˵Щĵˣ侯ٺòײһΣǸϽȥɣɱ侯ٺλˡ
úҽйŷ磬λ纰ҹŷͿˡһӣŷ˺øСǵϣŷܵһŨ顣
ЦЦŮһ˺
ŷȴСŵߣЦʵСţܸ߸ȫʲô𣿡
š
СЦŻشŮЦĺ𣬲õЦüʹ˹ŷ˫ۡôһӣôǿֹۣҲǺ𺳡
룬ŷٴοڣܸ߸磬ô𣿡
ûпڣȴϴһĨȻɣʵС֮ǰȸûκ⣬ǰСǸʱ꣬һѩ͵͵˳ȥѩȴһڵϵ˼ңʱˣ˼ҵڵϣҪˣɵӣȻԼС壬һֱ˼ңů壬ֱСʱԺ·ſҪСѾͷ
˵ǵЩʣһĻСȴ𺳡
˼ҺСѾͷ͵ҽԺСŵȣһεԺ󣬾Ҳû֪ˡ
ŷҲˣһӣѩԼСΪȡůСʱҪܶʹࡣ
СŴڣֻǸʱС̫ˣְ֪ˣͲẦðְ첻ˡ˵ŵɫЩȻ
СﲻԼΪֻԼøĸġ
ʹŷ磬Ҳ۾ĸоַƵĸо
СһʹӦ͵͵ĨĨԼᣬһ
ŷͻȻһ¶һĨЦݣʹȷʵӦҲʹСţܲø翴ȣ
һ仰˵ЦˣŷΪľСţ֪ŷҽãùŷҽκСŵȡ
а취κСţʵεļ
ٷ֮ٵŷ絭˵Ѿ˲򣬺ŵУ˾Ż°û˿ִ֪ҽھеΪȻβˡ
ŷĴǺ⣬֪ԼˡŷܹСŵȣ˵һĺϢ
Сţùŷ㿴Ⱥòã
ѽ
Ц˵һԥûС
ŷ£ŵһ˹Ȼһ
УŷһƺߣСɷףֻǵŷ翴ȥʱȴǿЦûµģŷ磬Ҳ۵ġ
ùŷ綼Щݡ
ôǿŮǵһμ


204 ͽ
鿴һ󣬹ŷû˵
żʵô
˼һ£ŷͷףһ⣬ұСŸĸͬ⣬ܹƵķ
ŵȲѣһǹŷ绨Ѿͨ϶ľַ̫ʹ࣬ǱõӸ⣬Ҳùȥ
ڶַѧ䣬̤·ȻԼַͨκʹֻ࣬ǹŷ粻֪ΪͨˣԸǵṲ̊һ·
ַ˷ܵʵ
ֻŷҲԥˣһپʹˣһ棬Ҳ̤·ˣ˽ⲻ٣֪һʲô硣ûν壬ȫǿΪ磬һСľҪǺͨ˵ȫͬһ硣
̾һСŵĸĸɡ
ŵĸĸ˳ԼŮȿ֮˼ᶼֻǵŷĽ֮ȴͬʱĬ
ѡŮʹ࣬ǲŷе֡ĵĵӾ粻٣ȻҲһʲô硣
ɱģʱпʧȥ
˲֪ôѡɫдһЩãȻҲףһΪָ֣Ƹλֿɵã˶̰ĵˣѡǸϣͨӡҲֻĸĸ̳ܽһͬʹһŮ
С۾ôģżˣͻȻ˵ְ֣裬СҪ䡣˻һڳļ˵жһ
Сţ֪ζʲôζҲͨˣҪһȫͬ磬ܿʱᶪŷͣСﲻֵ̤ĺ塣
ȴ˵ͷЦ˵СŶ֮СŵܹСžͿ԰ˡ
СѾͷ˼ҶףҪˡ
ϣкܶܿѵˣСϣܹǣԣСҪкǿɫȻ˵ôһϣŷ翴һֽʥʹȱĶ
ŷ翴ŵĸĸ飬ջҪ˵ͷ
һۣԿԷеοӳˣ룬˸жûֹɡ
뵽һͷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ԺСžͰѸˡ
ǷģֻҪڣûܹ˺СšŷҲ֤һĺӣȷʵӦܵκ˺
ŷĵһӣˡ
ŸĸԵúܸˣŮ䣬ǲ⣬ǺӵȿҪˣǸ˵顣
ֱӽŹˣ첻⣬ȻһƲˣǰʦ硣Ĳ쳣ζԹժ¥ʳĹŷ綼ò̾ޡ
극뿪ˣŷ翪ʼѧȴڵģǻľѨ֪ʶЩĻ
ùŷ벻ǣŵļõֲĵزֻǺܶʱ䣬㽫澭Ѩλסˡʹŷ磬ûô̬ļ
ŷ̵ŵԯĹСʱ򣬲չ
ӽÿͰ·ʦ㣬ʱҪûʲôʦҪСƨƨŷЦ˵֪Լ˸ͽܣղŰʱ򣬹ŷ鿴һŵʣ쳣ĺãǱȵģҲ١
İɣʦһᾡ书ġ߬Сȭͷĵı֤
ŷһЦСѾͷСԴ߳䡣
Ÿĸڷ棬ŸʵСŵʲôʱָܻĵ⡣
ò˶ãʱ䡣ŷЦŻشжǾԶģµʱ䣬㹻Žڵĺˡ
ģ
Ÿ׾ϲغȻͻȻԼӣŷȥ
˵ĶһŷϽַסˣû˵ǸʲôСΪͽܣȣΪѾͷҪĻѾͷԺͲˡ
˶ʱһϽվŷǸ
ˣԺҪˣȥСŰɣҲҪȥˡŷЦ뿪
ŸĸȲĽŮķ䣬¸ĸģĸĸΪ˺ûвġ
صѧУŷٻסûţŷ¶һĨЦоƵӡ
ŷ绹Ǵţ˽ȥŷ翴ˣһЦݵ˵Ҷѽ̫ˣұȥԷģǶڣͲһˣ߰ɡ
Ůûжֻ˫۾ȴڹŷϣҪһĹŷëȻġ
Ǹʲôŷ̲סЦҪһ


205 ٵһ
ĪСһ˫ڹŷϣһ߷߲ƽӡ
ҲǺһˬӡٻɫ̫ÿŷĿǿһЦû˵
ôˣŷͷŮڸʲô
ĪСû˵ֻеңһ¿ء
Ӿдһ棬һŮǿʵ񣬴ʱڵнפյЦݣȴңӵ˾̾
ʲôϵĪСʵ
ŷЦģֱӼڵɳϣһֻ§סٻһֻ§סȣЦ˵Żûأʲôģ
ĪСɫһڣǿΪٻ㣬ٻ㣬ͲӦȥǱŮˣפյǱ˸ǸŮ˵ġ
ҿԼϲ˰ɡŷٺЦ
ĪСЦĴȥɣһϲ㣬µˡ
УˣͻϲңҾȥɱˡŷ͸һɺ⡣
Ů˶һ£Ǿùŷ˵ó;Իġ
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ղ˵ˣˣŻϲңҵˡŷɫ࣬˸ɱ
ΪŮս£˵óõ
ĪСżĺ¹ŷ;ٻ˵ٻ㣬ϽȰһ¹ŷɣˡ
ٻĿһ۹ŷ磬ͻȻЦˡ˵ʲôҶ֧֡
˻һĪСɵˣû뵽ٻûǣ͹ŷһˡ
㻻ҵĻҲôȻҺαȥֹҵʲôٻЦ˵һĨȻ
Ͳһ̫ŮˣֻҪŷߣħνȥԼŷʲô
ΪһŮġĪС²ŵ˵
ٻɫˣŹŷ磬˵ֻҪҵߣҲںжŮˣǰҵľˡ
˻һȵͷЦ˵Ҳٻһ뷨
˱̬ȣԾǲŷмŮˣĪСһŷȵ˹ĪСɫЩš
ˣҲ˵ЩˣҪȥˣһߡĪСҪӱˣеܲסŷȵ
ŷûжֻóһ˲佫ĪСµˡ
פյŮ˶һפյгȡ
ŷڽȵСԴһ£Ц˵ѾԹˣҪٴˡ
ͷһЦû˵
ٻĪС񶼷Ź⣬פյһı飬ĸŮ˲ഺפסԼ绪פյܹʵ
ҵģĪС¸оԼЩˡ
ŷᶨҡҡͷĵ˵ŵġŷֽפյݸٻýٻ¶ϲɫ
Ǹҵģ
һɾ޴Ҹнٻ֣Ҹ
ţ㻹ܸ˭ŷЦͬʱһĪС¡
ĪСɫЩҧŴôĿŽٻפյԵ档
һ˲䣬ٻ˾޴ı仯賤˸ˣƤ͸һڵƹ˸žӨĹ
һ̣ٻ˼¡ŵеļ¡
𵽽źĳǰ˵һİԼԼȴ˺üˣԼһֱֲӵ
𣿡ٻʵһεĸо
㰡ٻ㡣Ц˵뽯ٻվһɽ⣬Ŀѣ
ĪСҲһˣŮ񣬵Ǵʱͽ뽯ٻȣȴԵĲࡣһǷ׵ȴӣס
ҧŴھҵ
ĪС²ǲϲŷ磬෴ϲĪСȴܽܺͱŮ˹ͬӵһˡ
ԭǰ鶼ˣǰĪС²֪Ҳȥԡ
С£ѵ㲻һֱһ𣿡ͻȻ˵
ʲô˼ĪСʵЩ׺ѵ˼
ѵõɬĿ˹ŷһۣС˵ҷǹŷ粻ޣ۹ŷжŮˣҶҪһϣҲŷŮˣǽþͲ÷ֿˡ
ĪСµɴ۾û뵽뷨һڹŷǰ˵˳ڵˡ
ٻ˽һۣͻȻһѣֱӽƵŷĻУЦ˵Ϲϲٵһޡ


206 Ѫ
ŷһ㶣ЦڽɬУ츲ȥ
ཻٻЦӯӯĿˣûһԴ׵ı顣
ˡĪС̲ס˵ŶŲЩҡ
ŷɿȵС죬һۣҡҡͷЩϧĪСµԭ̫ǿˣһʱת䲻ˡ
ںԣǹŷԸġ
С²°ɣЩġ
ŷһ£ſڵȥһ£ңȽϲҪˡ
ڿͬһֻС¹һ׹ŷ˼ҪڽҪԼٻҲ죬ŷҪҪ˽ȣȻҲӹŮһûȴҪˡ
ŷ뿪ȥ׷ĪС¡½ȺͽٻŮˣڷУĬǲ֪˵Щʲôã뵽һἴ飬˾ͻ
ŷ׷˳ȥӦĪСµϢܿҵ
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208 ȸҪ
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ӣŷƵһ䣺˵Ǳ̬
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ǾͶˣǸѾͷһ̬أ׷žƨɺܣƢǳãҪ²
νȸȻһˣȹŷԼ̬ĪС¶ЩˣһʲôŮˣܹõۡ
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ȥĪСЩɵɵʵ
ٺһЦŷסĪСµ֣սĪСµĶߣСȻǻٻٻŵˣһͬߡ

һƳȥȴûдйŷ硣ĪСߺߵĵŹŷ磬һﻹܸ޳һ𣿾ȻҪͬߣ˵ĳڡ뵽ĪСɫһ졣
ҪĪСȴû˼
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԰˺ȻĶһۣԿԷеĿ־壬굽Ƕǿ󣬽ƾĿܹ˻ˡΪ˶ôǿˣΪӵĲǸ
뵽ɫϲҲԯħĲм˴ڣγԸ˹ŷ硣
ԯݺˣֻһˣܵܣʱؼҿһϸҡ¹һ绰ϴһĨ顣
绰ͷĬһᣬŴһͬϵá


211 һҹ
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Ͳһֵڰ׺ҲСʤѹƣ׺еϴУһϯ֮ء
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֣Ǹһҵĵܵܣһŵı顣
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215 
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216 һԲ
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217 
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أֻʹƬʵĹѹ£ɢſֲ
ȸ΢û˱ܣɫֱӳ˹ȥ
Ƭα飬ŷɳȥһϣֱӽײ촷ۡɫ죬վ֮΢΢ЩζǺһȻȸһܲܡ
ˣʵŷӲȸ
ÿüëһȸ¶һĨЦݣùŷһֲõԤС
Ȼ֣ȸЯſֲϣֱӳ˹
ŷתܣһԥûСƾΪѾȸĶˣοԷѾٻˣݣһǿߣҪĶӡ
СǣƤŷһܣһߺ
һĨЦֱûȸСһ˲ƴٶͬһ㣬ֻһ̤׷˹ŷ硣
ҿ
ŷ羪һȻȻ֡
Сʱ󣬶һͷĹŷ磬ȸصժ¥Ȼ˶ɴ۾
ôˣŷ߹еʵ
һۣȸ쳣߰˵Ҵġ
ৡ
һв֪ʱһѳֱȸա
ɫһ䣬ȸһһѳУסӵĳһν֣ȫԷء
ס֡ŷϽվΧס֮
ԴףĽ㰡ɫһЦ˵һ٩ӡ
Ů˵Ŀȫ׬ϣɫһ
λǿЦġɫһֺܲԤУŮˣǿһﲻ
ˡ
ȸһĨЦݣɫ쳣Σա
ŮͬʱתĿֱ꣬ɫˡ
ɫߵĻᶼûУ㱻ŮץסһٱᡣûзһӾͺˣٶһӱ̬ȸܵĻᶼûУͱˡ
ޡ͸ǿ׳˽һĻͬʱ̾
ûôɫŷǰŷ˵ڳǱߣвٷӣȥȥҽһĴ
ΪʲôŷЩɻֻסôıʲô
˹ŷһۣû˵㲻㽫ʦӽȥĪС¡ȡīЩŮ߶ûйϵ
ȿȡ
ŷѵõˣȸֹͣŹɫĶӵĿŹŷ硣ֹ֪ŷ粻ǺöȻôģôŮˡ
ϵ񣬹ŷ˵ûйϵפյɲ˭ܹóģһε飬ٺ١ǿ׳Ҳڣ֪ĸࡣ
ɴ۾˭Ȼֻ벻һŮˣȻҲ͹ŷйϵ
𾪵ĴŹŷ磬ǵһʶһ
Ҫ磬ֻһ˵ŷһ⣬ӵôŮˣǶ˵һֿ϶
ĴܲȸЦһġ
һݵĶŹŷ磬ĹһùŷӵôˣǶڹŷ籾һֿ϶ҲԼ۹ûдϲϵһǿߡ
ȿȣ˵ôˣȥӣȥŷһɲ⣬һȸҪǲˬˣٴνһٱᣬҲ̫ˡ
˳һ³ӳ֮󣬹ŷϵĺȫûܵ˺һ޸ˣȸʱʹһЩֶΣŷѾָˡ
ҵ¥˽ȥ
¥С˽ֻĴһۣûмעˡ
Ȼʵ̫ˣЩ¥С㶼Ǿ֮ͨˣӵġ
ֻһŮˣչ˹
λҪ𣿡һֽˮٯζ˶У˻һ֡
ŷĿŮһۣͻȻЩ죬ü֮䣬һ˼ơ


218 һű
ʲô֣ŷͻȻʵ
ŮһţЩ䱸Ŀ˹ŷһֱۣȷûв˵ҽнá
ı֣ùŷ˶ЩôСôһˡ
ȸһã˹ŷһۣû˵վԶ㣬ûŵСˡ
ŷӣЦõ
ȸѾͷòƻû˼Ҵòá
㲻ú£һȻ˳ó˵㣬ǻˣԲñ׶òŵοãȴùŷԼһ㶼ò
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ˵λͦÿģҿǻˣҲԡӣһֻܾСӡ
༸λ¥ԱŮı֣˸ųĲмӣҪȥӣء
²ؼҲѵЩֻЦӯӯ￴ţɫһĨ̡
۹⣬ʲôһ㷿ӣڽõĻŷ⣬Ĳ٣ǿÿģûǵһ
ʱŷԽþͲ˺ĺøС
ҪǺÿ¾û˧ˣСǲ㿴ӡмĿ˹ŷһۣȸЦһȻϸ˵
ĵ˵ͷ˵λ
ߵһǰ棬Ҫͼֽ˿
ŷȴһ֣˵ÿˣһõģıȻǹȥͿˣֻҪˣһ
˻һǼ¥Աһ֮¶ЦǸͲŹŷĻõıҪǮЩжһʮҵ꣬ǶҲδǸܹ
ҲסˣЩ޴룬֪òô˹ȥϰԸǸطģһ˲׼ȥ
ĿְԱһۣǸͲԼøˡ
Сã㲻õģһеǮȥɡȸ˵Դã쳣ᣬùŷ綼һֹĸо
һͷŷһ
ͻȻʵȸϲ˻Ůˣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȸĵ˹ŷһۣевֱӱ͡жԼжϣȴѾٷ֮ٿ϶ˡ
ðݵȸȻһֽùŷһ
ϧˡŷ̾Ϣһ
ȸݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣû˵ֻһ˫ȴһ⣬֮΢ˡ
õͷ˼ҪҪ˹ȥҵ˼붷˾
Ҵȥһű̧ͷ˵Ǹûио֮ա
ȸ͹ŷɫһɣƿĿ⡣
ãллˣСáȸЦ˵
ɫһ죬û˵ֻȴһֹĸоܾǳŮԼĿЩԾ
ڽõĴ£߳¥
һȺ¥С¶Цһ˲м˵˾ˣ˿һͨ׷һ𣬻ȥһűֱ̫Цˡ
ǰϰ嶼Ըˣ˹ȥҪ군ˡһŮֻ˵
Ϳ˳ˣһӣȴһӣ˶ġ
һȺŮñ͵˼㡣
Žٻһǳ޴һׯ԰һ㣬ֻ΢Сôһ㣬߸ߵΧǽıȫѾװ޺ˣڱ滹Ӿأֽʩ˼㡣
㣬ÿһ㶼һװ޹ȫϵȵĲϣޱȡ
ȸ̲ס̾ˣ¶ϲɫ
Ǯŷ֪϶һˣȸӣȻǷǳ⡣
ڡ
Щ˵ȻŹŷı飬ָŵˡ
΢΢һ£ŷȷʵһûУһӣȷʵе̫ݳˡ
Ҳûԥãֱӵͷû⣬ڴȥɡ
˻һõ۾ɵôģȻû뵽ŷҪһӡǿڣǰͱԼ˶ٵ꣬ô
ǲе̫ˡȸ˹ŷľЩԥ˵
ʵе̫ˣ̫ǮƣҲһ۵ĸоˡ
ֻ࣬ҪסУѵ㲻ϲ
ȸĻŷȴЦˣȫİ壬Ҫ
ȻϲˣðɣɣҰһڡȸϽ˵
ˣСǮһܹóģھȥǮɡŷȻܾЦֻڶѣﻹҪȸ
վһߵĽöɵˣڻСǮ˵׸жǮ


219 ý
˻ص¥ʱԱסˣǷһӿ˹
ǲŵĿŹŷˣеĺڵױȡ
һױҪȥ򣬾һǮڹˣôǲڡ
ŷŽðֱһпãЩɫÿˣõдųļʡ
Ǽʽõĺˣϰ಻ʱ䣬Ȼһʴ⣬ɣýóΪһСˡ
Ҳһеĸоû뵽ô˵飬ήԼϡֱһаףĴӲʵĸо߳΢΢¶һɼɫ
׬Ǯˡĵһ仰ȻͻȻŷȸһ˵ллǡ
лӦõģһ㡣ŷڽõת˼ȦԽӿ϶ԼеĲ²⡣
һߵȸȴüͷþŷ˵׼⡣
ȸһۣŷ˵㿴ˣ
һ䣬ȸû˵ֻðŻ⡣ŷµĲȷʵϲˣֻϲŮˡ
ýӵģòȸһ۾ϲˣȻŷ⡣
˵ʲôɫ⣬û˵Ļ
ŷЦЦ˵ûʲôϲʶٻ
ͻȻɫ䣬¶ɫһץסŷ磬˷ܵ˵ʶý㣿ʲôطóʱˣء˵󣬽ͻȻѹŷһ
Ҳ֤ʵԼеĲ²⣬ùȻͽٻйϵһá
ȸһժ¥ʱɫ˵ٻ֣ǹŷŮ֮һû뵽¥С㣬Ȼá
㲻֪ڰ׺ѧʦŷɫЩ֡
֪ڻϵʱ򣬱͵˰ýϵʽҲŪˡ˵ԵЩί
Ͷٻģȴ͵˽ٻϵʽһĵĴһЩǮҵһݹѾ¶޽ͷˡ
˵ԼľŷͷһһЦ˵Ժ󲻻Կˡ
ɻĿһ۹ŷ磬ò֪׺Լýʲôϵ
ýˣҲĽ򡣡һߵȸͻȻڣŷ˵˳
Χ¥СǵĶԻӵĽˡǼʽõĺһڵĴ⣬ǸǮ˻ԼĽĽ˼㡣
𣿡ЩţϾŷ翴䲻ٱȽٻСˡ
ŷû˵ֻǸٻһ绰
绰ǱһϹʲô𣿡
ǸǽٻģĻҵԼýˡ
¥һˣһϲ㡣ŷص˵û̸õϢ
á
ٻû˿ԥֱӴӦ
˵绰Լݣ߸
ʮ֮󣬵ٻ¥õʱ򣬶ʱһ¶ɫ
ãô˹һѽ§ԼĻУļɫ
㣬ҵˣء
ֿˣȴǿĵĴޣѾǧ࣬Ǻͽٻˡ
ޣޣã˾Ͳ׼ˡٻŽãɢһĸϢϾòȸֱӿֱ۾жų̹ˣһɫǿ˾ŮķӦ
ŷ羯ĵȸһۣС˵ţ㲻Ҫʲô⡣
ȸӦ˹ŷһۣûֻǹŷԼȸСֹҵģҵģŮҵġ
ɫһڣ֪ȸĲȻҪŵע⡣
дע⣬һҪסŮɫǣԼǽǡ
ˣǱ˵ˣȥɡŷ翪ڣ¥ʱ˽ԽĿߣЩˬ
ķӣɻĿһȸٻŷʵ
ϹҵģջģԺǵļˡŷЦ˵һı顣
ٻһķӣһʲô붼롣
ҵķءȸͻȻ˵
ٻĿͶȸһĨ̾ȻȸҲǷǳ𺳵ġɻʵλǣ
ŷ绹ûлشȸ͸Ͻ͵ҽȸǹŷڵϴǽٻɣܸʶ㡣
ҲСܣ˵ŷ粻ˬˡ
ٶ죬С㡣ȸ˱ȭͷֱùŷƻˡ
ٻĴȸݺޱȣûмκһˣܹ۸ŷء


220 ͻ
ٻôһȸԵЩ˼Ц˵ʵҲˣֻǶԴŷˣǲܿǲҪˡ
˵ͷٻû˵ȸԵЩΡ
һ·ǰ֮󣬽ٻԱһû뵽ŷеӣȻһĴڣ뵽ļ۸񣬽ٻɵðզࡣ
ϲԺǵļˡŷǣŽٻ֣С
ļҾȫȫ׼ˣʲôֱסȥ
ٻͷ˵ϲҴС󣬾ûмôõķ䣬ǻʹҲ˰ɡ
ŷЦŵͷûж˵ֻҪٻϲͿˡ
ҲסòãٻͻȻʵɫЩ
ٻСӣŷЦȻԣұҲôģòǻѧҸһѧУѧȥ
ŷٻԼļ֪ͥôʱӦûѧŶԣд򹤡
̾һٻ˵Ҵ󲮵ļͥһҲ̫ãӦǼûǮѧˡ

ŷȸ̲ס̾ϢһǸǿˣǻкܶϲѧϺõԵЩ̡
׺еĴϣÿһؤǲƭӡһ˼ҾãαֵԲ壬ֶա
ãͲҪˣһУڰ׺ѧɡŷ翪ڣûһɫ˼㡣
ҪѧףΪһûб˼ҵĺӣֻͨѧϰܹıԼˡ
ȻѾˣԼѾһСţɾѾõ
̫ˡٻҲ¶ϲɫܹѧòˡ
ԺþסɣҲǡŷٿڣЩɡ
סĺլ棬Ǵûȴ׵ˡ
һߵȸ۾⣬ٻǵͷЩ촽ŷ翴ı֣һݣ䱸ҪǱһŮĸǽǣһͷײʹЩʡĻ϶ۡ
Ůˣʵ㡣ŷ翪ڣһ˿档
ȸһۣмȭͷ
ŷһȴûã˸˵Ůˣ㲻ҪңʲôҶ̣鲻УסŮԣ˭ҲܶȻҲ
һԺٻȴŷ˼ˣðݵŮȻһ
Ҵ򡣡
ȸ۾һɣֱŷӶȭͷ
ߡ
ŷߣֱתߡһƬɽδ٣ת͵
Ǳսŷڷ⣬˼սɽӣ񹥻ȻסȸĹ
ɫһ䣬ȸֱгںϡƽڽȻ֮ǿߣֺ
ŷʾԼ£Ƹǣ˷·һ㣬ƿֲ졣
ŮˣҪ̫ˣΪûа취Ը㡣磬춯أ˺˲񷡣
ȸɫܵ˴ʱŷĿ£һ˲ƴǣȻԼȴпʵ
ܵŷľģȸɫ粻ݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣ˵㡣
ȸջƣص˱
˽ٻһۣЩϧһЦȴûзԼĴ㡣
ÿȸһĨ£ղŽٻѾȸʲôˣҹŷȸı֣Ҳסˡ
صУŷĿȸһۣ˵ùһŮ񾭡
˻һȸüͷһ壬Ҫĳ嶯֪Ϊʲôһסɻ
һȸ߽С
ֱ϶¥ѡһķ䣬Ե˵ҵˣѡİɡ˵͹ţԼڷ档
û°ɣЩĵʵ
û£İɵѾͷ쵽ˣǳԷȥŷЦõԴһ鳤ӣýٻ͵Ц
ȴǷǳܣ˰׺⼸죬ǳů̬һĵĴ裬֪䵽ʲôزء
ŷĹоůᶼһˡ
顣
ű򿪣ȸĿ˹ŷһֱۣվԱߡȻҲҪȥԷ
ŷٺһЦû˵
ǽٻԥһ£ͻȻסȸ֣ȸɫЩ
һ˳ȥȸҲЦˣ뽯ٻԵúܿġСʱҲȴ˶ȸļɵԻһӡ
ŷڣȴһȴЦ
ֻܷһݳᣬû뵽ô鷳Լ


221 ǹŷŮ
С㣬ǸȥǸӣҪƲԳԷơһˣָʹվǰ棬Ц˵
ɫŭȴǿѹŭûз
Ʊǿ˿еĸһǿƵһ仰ܹڰ׺֮оٲά衣
֣飬Ӧֻʵ̫æˣ֣תܣֻҪһݳܳԷ·һ˵ͬʱʹɫһ¡
һЦ֣˵ݳ᣿Цȥܣһݳᣬͱ뿪ˡ
ǳвһ㶼С
·ɫ࣬ȴΡľֵͷߣǳǿڰ׺죬ĹϵѸ㶨ܡ
Ͳ˵˲ȥ;ԲȥݳҲȥǸʲôܣҿͶġͻȻڣԴǼң·һ¶һĨЦִˣ׽Ǹʲôܵˡ
Ȼ֣ɫһ䣬ĿһۣɶҲû˵ֱתˡ
߷߲ƽҧгݡ
ֱ֣ߺ󣬳·̾һҵС̣鷳ˣǸܷǳǣڰ׺в˵ǵһˣҲ࣬ǲкùӳԵġ
ҾͲϻûˣǮ˲𰡣ߡЦ˵ֻҲе㷢顣
켣ȦҲǺܶˣ֪Щ޷죬ʲô鶼ܹĳ
˭أҲ֪嵼ܲҵϵ·ɫǣһ֡
˰ɣǸһ˭£Ҿܾ׷϶ǣİɡ˳·һۣû˵
ʱһͻȻˣ½㣬Ҿһˣ԰ﵽС㡣
˭
·Ͻʵץһһ
ԥһ£ſڵ콫СߴߵλǷˣ½ʵûа취ĻҾλӦܽ⡣
ڵĻ·һ㶣üͷ۾ϲ˵ѽôǼһôǸʲôܿ϶Ķ֡
ʶŷı뺷һԱȸܣС
ʲôģֺһѲɻһ̲ɡ·û˵ڹŷûкøУ¹ŷʲôϵʧ
ˣ취ɡ·üͷ˵
·˾Ҳûзϰһ鶼ӳ·ķԸ
˼绰֮󣬳·ɫѿˡһ鷳ǸܣеѶʾΪ
һȺ쵰Ұæʱôû·ŭɫڡ
밲ο·ͻȻűһ߿ˣıڸϽȥ漴ǵĶͣסˣڶǹָǣһȺɫˡ
һ󸹱˽ʮӣһ˫۾ɫԵĶϣνĸܣ־
־߻ˣһǸղ뿪֣飬һһ͵ˣĿдɷ
ǹŷͿ϶ܿĳ˾
ʲô½㾪ʹ֪־һ޷ˣȴû뵽ԷȻôţĳǹʹ˽
־¶һĨЦʺ촽Ķ˵ʲôֻСһ
Ρ
ɫһ䣬һɣŭ˵
ǲΣһ֪ˣǲǰ԰һ仰Ǻ˵ġ
Цŵͷֻ۾ȴһ˿мȻֶεõһŮˣе㲻ݸ־Ϊˡ
ȻΪһʶǣ־ģԷһÿܴӸ־õٵĺô
԰ƺó½ɫøѿǵרóƺ԰ˣѵǰ׺еϵĴС
뵽ˡ
ߡ
־Ȼ˷ʱ䣬ֱ
˳Ҫߡ
˭ңһۣŭ˵
һ£ʶֹס˽Ųʶʲô֮ɫͨ죬ԼȻһǸסˡ
뵽ɫ׺ٴαƽ
Ǻôĵӣ֪˭𣿡ٴŭȣȴûֹͣȻƽ
һͻȻֲõԤУƯǣһ󶼻һǿˣɲϴ鷳
뵽һס֡
ͣסʵʲô
ʵĺֱӣһһɷЩ¡
ҧҧ˵ǹŷŮˡ
˻һֱӽסˡ־ȴЦʲôƨŷ磬ûҶ֡


222 پ
·ңΪ군ˣŷûã֣־ͲںǴûһ
ȴûпѿɫмСǽӲס
ž
һİ־ŵĶԷȻҴԼ
԰ʲôŭӣʡ
־ֻһвѣڰ׺жǿˣͻ޾
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ºԥ־£ǿ־ɫг˹ŷŮˣ־϶к³
־ŭ
ȴûпһۣߵԱߣ𾪵УͻȻһ
ԲС㣬һᣬתһ¹٣Ҳԭ¡˵
·סˣҲסˣǸ֣ȫɵˣӦתҪߡСȴסȥ·
ʱ򣬾ɵӶܹŷһźܴͷˣη֮绢˿ҵ
ŷ磬ʲôˣ·ɵɵһ䣬ͻȻʶ˲ףԼⲻһʳ˵ǶԹŷ粻˽⣬ϵ
Ŀ˳·һۣ˵һ𾪵Ļڰ׺Уپ졣
پ죬һ仰ڸ־Ժը죬ͻȻһ棬ھϣѺһ֣ͽŷ硣
һŷ꣬ͳһ˰׺СǸѵԭµ񣬸־ˡ
ɴ۾ΪʲôôԼˡ
Ը磬ҴˣҰɣ֪ˡЩ־̴󺰵ֱӸˡ
ĮĿŸ־ҡҡͷˣߡ
С㣬ˡٴξһһȺȥֻ¾ԭصĳ·ǡ
·Щ㶣֪Լˣŷ̫ǿˣֻһ֣һڵкѷĿˣ¾߽ҲʲôӰɡ
Ҿ֪Ǽһֿ϶ãȻûв´˶֮ͻȻĵЦ
㣬㿴ɣһҪǹŷ磬Ƕ군ˡҪΪŷó·кӡ
·Цﲻ֪һ㣬Цŵ˵ͷǶԵģվˣ۹ⲻˡ
·е־Ͻ˵㣬˵ʲô㻹أû翴񶼿ֱˡ
ߵһ걣ɫһ죬̲סС㣬УֻһϣѾȫ͸ˡ
·һҲеĽ翴˹ȥӭһȵĿ⡣ΪһŮԣȻ֪Ǵʲô̲סɫҲˡ
ౣ¶Цݣýͳ·ǳ˼
ϲϲʲô˼˵ġƲƲ죬ڳ·ͽΪʾ⡣
Ȼδй龭ȴԼ氮ʱ򣬾Ի᲻һеȥȡģ϶ڣﻹݡ
ˣСѾͷ˵һЩʱŷһˣǻлһ·תƻ⣬ȥˡ
һйȻЧһᵽŷ磬ע̱˹ȥĵ˵ѽھ͸ŷ绰Էô
û⡣·ͷ
Լ䣬·˽һۣ˵һҺҪϢһᣬȳȥɡ
ͷһȺ˳ȥ
ŷ֪Լ֣͸һ鷳ʱͽٻҪ͵ĸѧУء
׺еһѧôٻʵõѧ
иõ𣿡ŷ緢ʡ
룬ٻͻȻ۾һһ˽ѧУ̫ܲ׽ҪȥҪӸһ𡣡
ǲУϸ߶˰ɣѧУ֡ŷȻ񶨣ȴ㽫ðŵѧУȥˡ
ȻСҪѧ϶ѡõģˣôҲ˵ȥ
ۻѧһĹѧУҪȥҪǮұǳ͵ĳɼУ˶֮ӣ˵߳һˣĸҵȡôɼ
˵ۻѧٻһĨη˶콾һ棬ԶһˡٻԼҲ㹻㣬ǾúѧԱȣһأ츳̣ԶԶ硣
Ǻãȥۻѧŷİ壬ڶԷͬⲻͬ⣬ûǵķΧڣŷҪ飬˭Ҳס
ٻŷɫ֪סϽ˵ǧҪ
İɣһƽʿôءŷĵ˵һģ
ٻһۣ仰Լ𣿡
ŷٺһЦû˵


223 ٻ㣬Ұ
ֻ洫һŮ
ŷ磬Է绰ģŷ̾ˡ
û⣬ȥʲôطŷʹľʹӦˣԷȻܾ
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á
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˹ŷһۣٻЦ˵˭Щ
е㿪ĵģϾŷܺͣͱԼںһ㣬ڽٻ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҵĺš
ŷһ䣬Ȼ츲סٻС죬û·˳ľһĻʱɫˡ
עӰòáȸ˵
ɫһ죬ٻӹŷĻ뿪Щ˼
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˻һŷЦˣƵĵȸһۣȻŽ뿪ˡ
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תߣҲҺȸһ𡣽ٻκζԼ˽ӽԼŮ˶С
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224 У¹
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225 ΪŮ
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𡣡
һֲ˻һȺǰһߴӰã׸ߣͷǦɫͷһХȺɽ졣
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ʱǵͻȻһӰǸҲͶɲʲôвɡ


226 ͭʬ
׿Ժ߰뷨лɵǸġ
ȿǹӵ˳ȥǰԴ

һӵԴײȻ˻𻨣󵯷˳ȥһĻкݺݵһ顣
ǹԹûãŭˡٴηһĺУٸʬȫվΧ˹
һȺ˸Ͻǹƽʱж̫׼ھ죬ʱȴǳ˴ҩһǹǹͷ
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쵰
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аԴһߴӰעһĻǦɫĳ趯ɢŰ
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𡣡
ǵǸܵ˹ŷƣֱ
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Ǹˣһʹ
ͭʬֲôţǰǲŷЦһӴѾ˹ĵϸ
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ԣ㲻һĽʬŷͻȻеӣĿʼͭʬһˡ
ǧ궼ѵóһߵĴڣǽʬеߣսԶԶǿһĽʬһͷʬȻͭʬУսȴԶԶԽӽʬս
ͭʬŷ˵ʲôһ⣬ͻȻŷ緢
ɫĹâûһɨƽһС
ŷɫ䣬ͻȻһƬ⣬һdӡ˳ȥͭʬϡ
ͭʬһٶ㿪ӡܵһ˵
ŷϢٱ䣬˸ɫЯֱӸ䡣ͭʬ˵ĸԶˣ˵ҵϢɵɫ־ˣǴȻյаµľס


227 뿪˷ɽ
ͭʬչ٣Ҫ㿪һжͽ͵ģŷٶȲֱ׷ȥȥ
һ춯صĺ죬ͭʬ˳ȥԶµһʯͷˡһ£վŭŷ緢һ˻ͭʬɽȥ
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á
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˵Ҳסŷһ䣬ֱӻصԼĳԱߣ棬ﳤȥ
Źŷ뿪ıӰǲԾľ˾ͣĴܲղҲͲȻһŮˡ
ֳôˣһԱ˹
û飬ڶȥׯ֪ͨǲ׼ɽͨ漸λͬµļʬ˭Ҳ˵ȥȻй¶һ۴ɫ࣬
һȺɫһݣϽ˵ǡ
ŷ¥ѾǶʮ֮ˣ¥ſվһŮˣǳ·Ĵţڵˡ
ŷӳ֮߳󣬳·۾ʱһ첽˹
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ʱ䣬ͨϵ·˽һ¹ŷʲôˣ׺еĹ٣һư԰׺еǿˡ
˵һ㶼ŷ죬ûܴ
Ŀһ۳·ŷûж˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
ѾˣҴȥŷû˵·Եøӽˣ˵þ
ȿȣλ㣬㲻ôţֲʲôŵáŷЦõ˵
·Цȴ뵽㲻ǹȹֲ׺еһ磬ƾͷǰҲɲˡ


228 
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ŷͻȻˣһίСϱıָҡ
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·˽һĻʱ۾ɵϴһڵУڹŷǰȻųģһһ
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ˡ
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229 
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ˡ
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ÿɷ񣬼ֵ۲һ۵ȻҲһ
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Ͻǰ뿪Ȼ飬ǸҵǸϲŲҹŷ硣ŷкһ˵
ûߣùŷ粻ɱԼΪҡһ棬ǿ󣬾˵ܹԯ޵е棬Ǹĵڡ
ŷǾڵģֻҪԸǣ˵ˣһã֮⣬ȫӵȨԼĿ˵˳ֻҪ˶ᶯġ
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230 ս
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׺еĲǿ߶ˣܵɲкȻ
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231 ɱ
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߼ͻΧ˵˻ȥɱݺᣬŹǿߡ
䡣
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ԯݺһĨЦݣԽԽ˼ˡ


232 ʣͻƣ
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ܵӴϴе˺һ˲ƽˡŷ˫𣬻磬춯ء
ŮˣҪѹ㡣ȻǾ仰ȴȸղȶˣŷʱֲܿһɢϡ
ȸһȻЦǹŷͻΣҲǾ߶ѣйսھУ޾ŷ硣
һХŷ綯ˣ죬˻һɱ
Ⱥɽ𶯣֮һгɻңǿȸɫ
ơһ˼սɢʹɫСһŷĻײһ顣
һ˲䣬ʱ·ֹˣƬ֮·ֻʣ˴ڡž󣬱Ƿı۵ĹⱬһɺƴĲϯʮ
ͬʱ˳ȥѪ


233 Ƶȸ
ǵɳȥȴ̳˻սһƿ񱩣棬Ҫһضˡ
ŷðŻ⣬ȸɱɫ
ôܣȸŷȻսߵУǾսǿ󣬾Ȼֲ١
Ҫ֪ںйȸʵȾǿߣһЩľǿߣδĶ֡ǹŷ磬սѡ
һ̫ˣЩ˵еʱҲûôµıְɡȸ𾪵뵽
ָǿƣҪѹŷ磬֤Լǿ
һȴԸŷʱһֿ״̬һǿ󵽲˼顣ĹðŻ⣬Զһ
ȸ̲סˣŭﲻƴҲˡ
ŷȴŲʣ
ȸŷ۾ͻȻ֣ʱŷðŻ⣬˿񱩣ûһ˿ǡ
һȸ³϶ǹŷ⡣
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ʱһɸӵоһ͵ᣬŷͻȻȻһѽȸС
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ҲӿһϢںһγһֵѭ֮໥תš
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ŷʱѾ΢΢ˣһ֮Ķסˡ
һõ壬ȴǽٻģȸµϹۣŹŷһһ
ŷʱŷ֣ԼСֵܣȸڣĶĸо
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ȸҪţҲǹġŷվһͷ۵ı顣
ȸû˵ȴоɽĸо
Щľٴ˾룬ȸ˿Ĵ⡣Ůᷢ
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ᡣ
ŷ粻ٴȥˣֱתȻԶȥ
ȸһ㶣žͳ˹ȥ
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ŷ磬ҵš
޴ĺɽصһŴĹŷ¶ͷ۵ɫ˭£Ůˣȴ޿κˡ
ȵȫŷڵ㱼ȥСĵԼϢȻٻķС
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оһɫͻȻ˵ĸòȸǸ̬ɣսŷ磬һ£۾ɵøˡ


234 սԯݺ
ǿ׳Ҳ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬һݵӡǸ뺷Ů˶ǣŷҲ̫ˡ
ǸŮ˸ǸҪǳһ⣬ôҪ鷳ˡŷƵ˵
ϢӾڳ˶Ŀɿڴ
ŷͻȻʶԼ˵˻ݺݵɨ˼һۣſ˵ʲôû˵ʲôû
ڹŷвУ˶˵ͷ
СЦЦùŷЩûסǿ׳ɫ˵СƺļһʵΨ²ңЩСԼʲô
СǲǴЩʲôŷЦеʵϵıȴΣա
СǺһЦһɵӣ˵ʲôأ
ŷεķ˸ۣСҲΪˡ
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Ѿͬˡŷ¶һĨЦݡ
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ȿȣСͲҪˣϾ˻ҲסŷɤӣһѵС
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һһͣĸǿ׳ɫ
ǡöʱ˽˵ӣЩɻʵôˣôɵһﶶʲô
ɵ̴֣˸ǿ׳ɫ񾭡ֱתĿֱ꣬кŭ
ҿǷ˰ɣ
Լ˹ֱȥɲһĶ֡
û߳Զͱ׷ˣٶȸȲˡһۼ⣬汻ǿ׳ɫϽ˰棬ʱ̲סĴһ¡
Ǻֱˣһ˫ɣִժ¥洫ˡ
ߡŷ۾ͻȻ˵
ȥСɫһϲŷֻҪͿ϶ȥܡСȻǻʵĵҴˣȴ徲ΪϱߣԶԣϲܡ
ԯݺᡣŷһ⡣
ᣬŷСȴ뿪ժ¥ֱԯݺס
ϲģˡ
ʱԯݺһ棬Ŀ񣬹ŷһ۾
ԯݺվ
ԯħϢĳڷУԯݺ˳ȥͬеĻǸˣһλǿߡ
ͻˡ
ŷĵһۣԯݺ㾪ȵ˵һ䡣
óŸͻƣһսʡԺΪ൱ˣٺսĻ۸㡣
ŷ˵ȴһµš


235 ϴ
ԯݺЦˣ³֣Դ󡣡
ŷҲЦˣԯݺ˵ԴԴһ֪ˡ
֮նȻԯħС˺ԯݺ͹ŷսǲ
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һϤų֣Ц棬һı顣
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ʲô
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꼴ԯУѾɳ˸֣ҪȡԯϴɫЩɭȻһĨɱ
ԯǻʥԲУΪʲôԼ֣ǹȥʲôŷüЩ֣ԯݺȻǿ󣬵ҲֻһжѣϴǿߣֿɱǡԼȥԯȴȥŷ벻ס
ſЦһ泽ϴش𣺡ǳ죬ֻоǿ߲ܽ룬Ǿ֮ϵǿ߽룬˲䴥Ľƣ飬𶼵ס
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ڳļ˶һȻֵĽƣҾ𶼵סᱻ顣
һӦǣֻҪȡԯУԯõĶԹǡϴ˵
ҪԯŷͻȻڣĿЩȡ
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ϴЦˣ˵ǿȥʾһ¼еĳǿ϶ͬǽԯŵġ
ϴĻŷûһ壬Щˬ˵ˣˣǣҲǼϼһ˼ɡ

ϴ󲢲Σֱӻشŷ硣
ŷתߣлֹţһȱݵļһȻмϼһĻģĽڲװ
ԯݺҲϴһۣתߡ
ֻ³ϴͳվϴɫЩ㯣ôˣ
һƵĶԼϴεķ˸ۣи̰̾ϴɴûи߹ŷԯݺ֣ҳ˵ġ


236 ೤
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һȺʳȫ˳ȥȴû뿪վָָ㣬ȴҽ
СŰˣЩŵһȺɷĻ죬˹ŷ


237 սԱ
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û뵽ҾȻˣҺԣ֪ʲô³𣿡ɭȻ˵
ĿһۣȻһ˳ȥա

һ֮ͻȻЦǶѹ֣һ˲ͷ˳
ࡣŷͻȻ죬˽Ŀ˹ٺһЦһûԷˣţŪóԵĹ
ϣЩô죿һǡ
ƲƲ죬ŷ˵ȥȥɣｻҴ
á
ûԥֱӽ˺
ŷ¶һĨЦݣһֲõԤС
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Χ۵˴ЦƽʱȺ۸ǣܹεˡ
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磬ô죿һСʵ
һݹ⣬˵Ұ


238 ͬһ
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ŷ翴һۣͻȻʶѾͷҲûбϿôʵҲϣѾͷҲһСħҲ˵
һȺ˽Ϊ׵һһ꣬л¶һְ
Ǹ˸ߣǵŹŷ磬һԶ˹ŷı顣
Ϊ׵߽꣬˵ʱ˶סˣɫһ°
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ǿŭתݺݵĵһۣϹ˹ۣ˭𣿹ѵ㲻ʶ
˻һǱһԺоֻ֣١
ǰΪʲô޿ˣԷȻǴ˵еĹ٣ǸǿƳư԰׺еˣ뵽һҲ
ֳ쳣죬һȺΧǰ˹һɥӡ
ǿĺܲ۸ͷˣԺǲҪֱӸɵҰŷıЩ䣬һߵоİͻȻ뷨ҲԼӦò뵽Щ
٣Ĳ֪飬ҴˣԭҰɡǿĶͷ϶ðˣڷĺˡ
ŷֶʱĨɱ֣ûڣԲһˡ
ǽŷˣܻǿԸ⣬кܶҰûʵ֣дõʱûܣȻ
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ˣôãǿСʵ
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ЦڹŷЩ޿κˡ
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Ū棬ŷź˵ؼҰɡ

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ȴǽЦһ裬ҲǶ˵һͬѧˡ
ˣ㿴ڶˣôܲ࣬˵ʵɣʲôϵȴţôˣһ˵ͨѣ˭Ű
Цã͹ŷйϵһιŷս˴ţʤ֮ͳϹŷˡ
ʵŮѵģ϶벻ԵЩص˵
˭۾һԵЩԡ
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ʲôԾŴͣʵʦȻͷڸղǸϡ
忴Լһۣ˵벻ɣʵѧУдԣ֮ǰܵϸУʵǹŷԭ򡣡
ܰɣһѣбǿǴѧĸУô׾ܵϵġԾ˵Ͳš
Ҳ֪ö˶ƺΪ١ʼ磬˵
ӷ߳Ҫϲ常ͻȻסˣ˼غʲô٣


240 ùӴһ
ֵԼϹɻʵʶ
ʶֻһѺ˵ڰ׺о졣ְҡͷ˵뵽ʱǸѵɫ̲ס𺳡
죡
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صȻƻͨĸŮ˼һɳ棬ȸϴЦӵұģùŷüͷһ塣
˽ȸҲ˹ŷ磬ʱɫ΢΢һ漴»ָЦݣŷ纰һ䣺Ϲˡ
䡣
·һףֱԴϣŷסˣŮ˸ղźʲôûɡ
ԼĶ䣬ŷ˦˦ͷҪԼһ㡣
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ŷŪԼ֮˼ʵ˭ܸңҷˣˡ
Ů˲ŷεķһۣȸȥʵѾͷڸʲô
ҪҵӣȻˣϹʲôԵġȸ˵
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վЦӯӯĸŹŷ˳ȥ
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ʱȸƽʱûеİµϴһĨ㣬ĻС
ѾͷʱҲͦƯġŷа뵽

ȸҲ۾ʶԼڹŷĻеʱ򣬶ʱɫһ졣
оһֻԼķͦ˹ŷһۣû˵ûйأϽſңҪ𴲡
һɣšŷе᲻á
ȸԺõû˵Ȼŷ綼òϣļŮ˵УѾͷáȻŮ˵ҲֻԶԣһѡ
ˣ˵ʲôͻȻ뵽ϵ飬ȸʵ
Ӹң㷴һŮˣǴŵ⣬Ҳûʲô˵ģʱͬߣⷴһȤŮŮǱȿAƬ̼ˡŷٺЦ
ȸɴ۾û뵽ӾȻ˵ֻ
ʹȸԼܴ󵨣Ҳû⿪š
åȸ̲סһ䡣
ѵ㲻ϲå𣿡ŷѹȸϣۿһս
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ȿȣ˰ɣģҲˣ𴲰ɡŷҲȵϵĻȤ
˴ӷ߳ʱӭǵŮɫڽһɻȸʵȸ㣬ôһֱʹаҪȥ㣬ý㲻Ȼû°ɣ
һĵʵȴȸŪһ
ٻ͵ЦȻ֪ʲô顣
ˡȸû˵
óһ
ŷٺһЦùӴһϡ
˻һɶҲĽ֮⣬Ů˵ˣĵ˹ŷһۡ


241 ϼһ
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˸ƾڣοɱǳƣἤŭڡ
ˣǰսͷˡҵУڴЦ
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ʤ򣬾ڲҶ֣ϾλһλһλҪֲսɲ⣬Ӵ
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ŷƤӶû̧ɳϣһӡ
ʤһߣһ˫ӽĶŷ٣һԾԾԵĸо÷ͷƤһ顣֪ʤһֱ˴ܣȴж֣һԼԻᱻʤϡ
ٿɲԼһϹͷˣġ
뵽ٵɫŷ磬Ͳͣһ𣿾ڶһȺӣҪǱսˣ׺еϰնð
鷳ģЩӦúȥ˵ŷһƲ죬м˵
ͷۣû˵Ҫܺ˵ͨһʲôЩ뷢ˣùŷ粻ͨȻһӶԼ
ѵһǸ˵ŷɴ۾˼ķʵ
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һͨ˶ѣȻҺԼô˵ҪԼͻȻԼʶˡ
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ֱͳȥǸһƨڵϣɫףѽϼһ̫ˣղŵһۣŵҲȥˡ
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һۣǸû˵ƽʱ˵ǻţϰ嶼Ҫúдˣ᲻𣿡
˻һ˶ʱסˣȷʵûмŷȥдˡ
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ʲô֣ղźǸϼһҶŭŷЦ˵
ǸɫףʶԷжǿϰ嶼ǣ뵽ԼղŴ󵨵Ϊľֱͨͨ
ҽĪ졣վٻش
ŷһ㶣˵ͷֹҿ㲻ȥɫǸһɣѧһĶ
һ¶ϲɫɫ˭Ȼ֪ܺɫѧףԼˣһ̿ʼתˡ
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ŷûЩС˼뿪ժ¥ҪѧУ
һ绰ȴ˹һİĺ롣
ŷɫɻ󣬽ͨ˵绰
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ŷһʵ

ϵ绰ŷ緢˳ȥԯݺڵı
˭ҪԼŷû룬Բǵˡԯݺһ߰ˣҪִԼ֮֡
ŷԯݺıʱҲûţֱһ˳ȥ
һ죬ķѣɳȥ
ˣԯϲĳӭݡŷֵغ
Уԯݺһ飬ɫ˳ȥ


242 ʬٳ
ү㡣ԯħԯݺȡ
ˡ
ŷֱӳ֣̫ͼֱ֣Ӹȥ
ԯħɫٺˡԯݺֱӿǰһһȭ죬̫ͼ顣
˳嵽һ˲ϰٴΣͬʱˡ
е˼ŷ˵ֻһ˫ȴ˸ս졣
ԯݺɢһֻ֮ƺƵϹʥʸضǰݸ¡
˶ţѪƿֲ졣
ԯݺˣһĻԾΪԼһ콾ͬףǰǰȴԵôı΢ţͬһսԼԲǰλĶ֣Իᱻݿࡣ
ס֡
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Ҫˡ죬˲һƽڵѪ˵
ӣŹϲһŷЦ˵ԯݺɫֺһҪ֡
˲Ҫ嶯ԺΪ󡣡һҲڣЦеģװģȴһȣͣĳš
죬Էʲô飿˵ŷҲ֪Լ
˶һֱۣ˵˵ȥһˡ
ӣŷ練ʵ
ɫһͷһȥĦӣΪ˸Լȴûгɹ
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˻һ˶ˣǲ˼졣һߣȻԸΪ˵¡
Ϊӣϧһ㣬һһ٣
ãƾ仰ӣҾˡŷԥ˵¶ϲɫŷ绰һתҵ¾ˣô࣬ҿ±ҵҵͷϣֻҪΪһͿˡ
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Ĭ˰죬˵֣Ǻ͸ղȣָӵϡ
ԯݺᶢŹŷ磬ЩӣιЩ̾˵ҵһ͸ˡ
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ԯݺһξãֵԼĶ֡
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ԯݺɫһڣնԹŷһøУ̵Ȼ޴棬޺޵ĵ˹ŷһۣͻȻãôɺޡ
ԴϲŷȻΪǼһĶӣ·ǳ˵ϣҳԷ𿴺㡣ԷЦе˵еշ
˳Էһۣŷû˵Ҳ㣬ϲûпŮ׽òϲ˰ɡ
ǷᡣԷɫһڡ
ʱ򣬹ŷֻͻȻóһǵĺ롣һûĻ϶绰϶ʲô顣
뵽ŷ̽绰ţôˣ
ͷʬֳˣĴˣһׯѾʮˡż˵
˻һŷɫʱһ䣬Ͻ˵ȥ㡣
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ŷҵ绰û̳ɨһۼˣ˵λȥҽʬ棬ô
ڹŷ绰ʱǵĶԻŷĻͷ
벻аڣȻҳΪǾͱùˣԷһ⡣
¼ȣɫ쳣ׯϣ˫ֺʮԷ𵭵˵ҷȱ
ߡ
һһ˷ɽ
ӿٵʻţܿ˷ɽİ˷塣ɫ֣̿һȺڣ濴ȥȴܷЩɫҲÿԵЩ԰ס
ڣͱסˡŷҡû˵ÿҪ¡
ЩȻʶŷ磬֪ĲֱӷС
Ӹ˹һ㶣ŷӳ֮߳ɫһɣеһʯͷ
⼸λǣǿԯݺἸһۡ
ҵСܡ
ŷĻ̶ˣ¶ϲɫһŷ磬ʱܽǸʬˣڻ˼֣ȻǸаˡ
ԯݺἸɫÿݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣû˵


243 ʬ
ŷ翴һ۴ӣüͷ΢΢壬ſʵԱ𣿡
ɫһҡҡͷ
ŷһ⣬˵һǸһҪͻˣ鷳ˡ
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ͷʬֻСһһˣһǿĴвңҲûնҸоĻǸǿĴڣӦһͷʬŷɫЩࡣ
ʲô
ԯݺǳһʬʲôǿߵĴڣҽʬǿսԽףǳѶԸ
һʬǼ֣ǲõġȴ̫ģɵ˵
ŷ翴һۣ΢΢ҡͷҸղ˵ĻˣҪͻˣΪʬߣУҪλ
ˡԷͻȻ˵ͬʱһɿֲϢһ˲䣬񷶼·ڲ
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ʬߣͻˣţ뿪ȻϰϹŷɫǰδеϾ
绰ˡóֻȴʾһźŶûС
ȫˣ򲻳ȥ绰ǸϽ뿪ͨ˳ܲסϢŷأԯݺἸһۣȥס
ԯħ㲻ȥˣ뿪ԯݺͻȻԯħһۣ˵
ȻҲھ磬ǾսȴУסʬߵһ
ԯħҲף˵ͷû˿ԥ
ĵӰԴͷ˹ȥ
𡣡
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ܵ˵ĵͻȻ̧ͷɫ콣Ʋ񷡣
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ԯݺ⣬֮ƵŽʬ
࣬ǿ࣬ҪʬĿɭȻɢĺ⣬˵ϣ̰
ҲһࡣŷЦ
𡣡
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һֻ˹ȥһȥǹһ㣬ûһƬռ䡣
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ʬֱĳһƣ죬ֻɢŷ˺ɳȥ
ʱԯݺɱҫۣʮһ֣¡
ʬſ³һֱӳɢԯݺüͷһ壬תɢ
ɱǰ²ɵɽ񱩵ֱӽʬסˡ
һƬɽʯ飬һвڣʬԼ£ȴ˿ŭһ˹ȥ
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ԾǣʬȴɭȻĶһۣȻֱӽԷˡ
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Էɫͨ죬һŴ֣ȻһаˣΪûвˡ
ʬɻʺ󣬲⣬ֱŷѡ
뽩ʬӲһѪڣʮס
ˡ
𣬳Էٳ֣͵һȭޱȣ۵ķǽһ㡣ʬת˳ԷһۣȻӡ
ԷֱݺݵĽһȭȥʵʵĺڽʬʵϡʬʿһڵһ㣬ݺݵײһɽС
һУԷˬ֪һȣݺݵҧһڣʹ˵ģӷү
໡
һŭĺʬɱ˳ŨˣЯſֲɱԳԷչɱ
ꡣ
ԷͷƤ飬ëֱӵȣתܡ
ŭ״̬µĽʬʣһֲĴڣȻԷΪǿߣҲӲĿɿڴĿţȻЦ
ЦƨԷֵɵĶʬʵһȻӴܡ
ҿͦĵģԻǲˡЦ
ѵõĻᣬ뽩ʬʹ裬ԷǰһҪúϧŷҲֻ˵
ԯݺᳶ˳ǣ³֣͡


244 λ
˵˵ȴһ˹ȥֵסŭĽʬʣչ˴ս
Ӱ棬ÿһǼǿĴڣͨ˵пҲΪڣŷ֣ȴѹƲסʬʣ䵽·硣
УȥǱ
ʬ̫ǿˣݺȻ֣סѪڣܵĴˡ
ܡ
ŷɫһͻȻ
ͻȻʶ˲ںͽʬʱ䣬ûбҪӲƴ
ԯݺ׹ŷ˼ԼͷˣѾӾܡȴûзֿʬ̫ǿˣǷֿ϶ᱻƣԵĽࡣ
ʬʴŭ׷˹ȥ
һ׷һϣڰ˷ɽתȦ
үһӵһôǱԷŭҧһڼȣŭݵ˵
ŷû˵˶ʷͷһⱻ׷ôǱ
ʬһ·ɨɽʯŭ˼㣬Ҫɱˡ
ڴʱϢһء
ʤϵֱӳ֣ʬʷ
ʬֱͣһӭˡ
һ죬ʬʲУԶһɽʤɫֱ࣬׷ɱ˹ȥ
λ졣Է𾪺ŷ񶼱ˣȻֲֻǿơ
ȻΪżҵĴˣҲ̾ϳʤһ˻תÿһ֮˵Ҳ֪˭ҽʥʹ𣬶ܽ־硣
ʹ죬ʬʣǧһսοƽˡʤЦ𳤿ա
һȭûκιâȴһ޵еƣýʬʶòܣӲ
£߸ϰٸ룬ʬʷȥ
ʬЫʮףЩ롣ͬʱʤĹҲˣֱ۽ʬʣһȭ
ʬӲһ˳ȥ
ʤҲʮǺռоԵϷ硣
𡣡
ʬŭվȻתܡ
ŷ缸һϽ˹ȥڽʬʵǰ棬һаԲܷߣѡ
Ǹʬ䣬ȶ˾磬ٴγĻͲôöԸˡ
ǿΧʬʣѣȻһҲˣҽʬʸոǸ磬绹ûȶ
һսļɽͷƽˣʬձķѡ
ŷ߶յĻ棬ʬʵѪⶼɻҽʬаÿһѪⶼ̺޾Ǳܻܿʬʬ
һСģͷңһҪնݳŷ翪ڡ
ɫһݣʶʬʵǿǶڽʬҲûһ˿ӣ֪аɳȿ¡
˷ͷȥңһɽУҵݷĽʬ
һһͷʬնɱŷһ
ûˬأҪܽͷʬҴܾͺˡʤЩϧ˵ʬǿᣬ˵Ǿѵӡ
ڳ˶̲סһۣʬʤ룬Ƕһˣɾһѡ
ܣÿ㣬ýʬʡЦ˵
ʤҡҡͷ㻹˰ɣֻˣҲŲء
һʤԣνǳԾ˿ͷ˱飬һʹ
λǾȿҽʥͻȻȭ
˵ͷûзϡ
죬ȿҽʥ칧˵
ԷȿҽʥԷҲȭɫׯء
ԯݺȿҽʥǰʹԯݺ߰ˣǰҲԼĿԳ
ʮҽʥҽģرǱȿҽʥ˴̣
ˣѱʮҽʥȴҪǾǿߣ
һϿɣʮҽʥĵеľء
λضҲֻһ˶ѡһЦЩ⡣
ʤЩ˵ͷôûΰݣ֪ϲ˵ļһ
ʤıԹ˹һЦ
һȭЦҪϲʤǰͻƵУӴؼһ𡣡
ӿɽ̣ԡʤ˵
Цݽסˣͷӿ治˴
Էһ͵ЦҺøղû񣬲ȻԱ˾ͱˡ
һڳԷԴϣʤû˵ǰҲ֪һضûУô򡣡
ԷɫӲʤҪһ
ֵЦˡ


245 迴
ǸϹ֮󣬿е˶ˡ
˷ɽȫĿȫǣǱըɽͷˡǳԾżˣɵ
ţҪôݵңһ᲻˼ġŷߵǵǰЦ˵
û˵ȷʵסˡ
˿һھһۣû˵ŷ˵ͷת뿪˶ĸˣԸͷ׵ľ򽻵
ͷʬأ㶵ʵ
ɵˡ
ɫһɣ˵лл㡣
лǽȥɣšŷЦ˵

ŷԸûʵ֣ǻкܶҪ죬Ͼ﷢Ķ̫ˣνǾ춯أɽͷƽˣҪڹȥȻڵĿֻŵġ
صժ¥ѾˣȻѾ˾
ͶˣȺɫѧ㶫ɣҲҪʵУʵ̫ˡŷҡͷ
˵ͷ֮ǰڷѾʶŷǿӵԶ֡
ŷ磬ҼҪ㡣һ绰˹ˡ
ѽҳԷ𣿡ŷʵļԼʲô
绰Ǳߵе㼱ˣ֪Լ跢ʲô裬˵Լ͹ŷйϵҪһ¹ŷ硣
ǣб飬ȥڰٻϰɡЩε˵
û⡣
ŷ˵绰ɫƲƲ죬û˵һֹһŮ
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ɫʱҭһ£˵СȴͻȻŹֵĿڵɫſˡ
˻һɫɫ䡣
ô֪ɫȵ˵
ĸﰡ϶ǰҵʦɡСһͬ˵֪ɫԸҪӵұŮڿǲʵˡ
УҪ뿪ɫվ
ŷСʹһɫСֱסɫ㲻ߣɲ뱻ǸѾͷ׷ɱ
Ѿͷĸǣ뺷Ҫ֪ͣ˽СˣǾԻĺܲҡ
Ҳ߾ˡɫɥ
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ɫߵĶСôˣԼԻĺѿ
ݡ
ɫ޺޵˵
лл佱СЦ˵
ŷ翴һۣҲǣֻҪɫ߾ˡ
ڰٻȻųưٻȴһݻã˷ǸһļͥҪҪȨܳʱ䡣
һ崿ˮŮɫЩ
ֱһӳУһ
һ˿Σŷӭ˹ȥ
ʲô飿ŷʵ
Ƶ̾һ迴ˣҪҳҵѣҪȥ͡
˵ЩЦãԼҲ̫пˡ
ŷһ㶣ɫЩŹ֣´һ壬βЩΪѵĿڵȻ㳤ĳ˵㣬ͦصģҵţǿǺϸˡ
̲ס˹ŷһۣû˵˵˭ĳأҿǰ໨
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ˣٻѧУŮԼܹȵ
ˣú˵ô࣬ͰһæװһҵѣӦȥвУڱʯĴ۾Źŷ硣
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ŷԥĴӦתڰٻ߹ȥ
ߴˡ󺰵
ӣѵҳô𣿡ŷûתֻȴ
Ҳʶףɫһ죬׷ȥ
˽ڰٻ˵ǲ٣ȴ࣬һ¥ר鱦ģŷ⿴һۣһ̨˹ȥ
ǿøҡŷָָһ˵
忴һۼ۸񣬶ʱһǧŰپʮţʮǮû뵽ŷ羹ȻҪôصĶ
ҪϽֹ
֪ʲô㲻õĶ̫ˣᶪҵ𣿡ŷ˵
һ㶣˵ˡ
ŷ˵ݣĶ̫ˣ䲻ݣе㶪
֮󣬹ŷֱ϶¥רĵطŷѡһʿ۸ߵȻզࡣ
ӵĿһ۹ŷ磬һԼܳ岻֪Ҳ֪
ֻȴԼܺãŷı֣Ȼĸĸ
ŷͻȻ´һ壬üͷ壬ֱϰ¥ȥˣŮװиƷƵŮװ

Щ㶡
㴩̫ˣһ׺·ɡŷȻ˵
Ҫ·һɫЩ졣⻹ǵһԸ·С಻ͣ


246 µͻ
ŷŮװһֱۣר
Լľ·оҪΪҲһס
Ź˽ڹŷĴֱʣѾֲˡȸղֱĶ
²ŷ翴һɫĴ£֪ʲôëɵģ쳣
۹ⲻƤģʺλСʡԱ˹ЦŽܵ
ԣŷ˵
ЩĶµļ۸ʱ򣬸Ͻ˰֣Щ˵˰ɣҾʹϵͲ·ˡ
һ·ʮҪ
㲻ԵĻҰŮװȻ͵ȥŷ˵
һ㶣ԹŷԸ񣬻п顣뵽Цã˹ŷһ֮˵ͷ
ǸԱɫĽժ˵С㣬Ѷá
ûУˣҵѡɫһ죬Ͻ͵
ԱЦһȴû˵ʲôΪʮһ·ѵĻ˭Ըô
ŷҲô󷽵İɡ
֪ԼٽͶûãֻЦһЦѵȻƤ´ϡ
һ˲䣬ר˵Ŀⶼˡ崿ˮ壬֮һ⻷Уʥͬʹһ㣬˲ֱӡ
ŷ綼סˣû뵽徹ȻôƯʱ򣬱֮ٻǶ˿ˡ
̫ˣһǵһμСôƯŮԱĵ̾
ǰλС̫ƯˣЩǶȲΪΪСģߴ䣬ֱˡĵԱҲ˹
Ǻãһˡŷİ塣
С˵ģžԼֱԼ֪Լò󣬵뽯ٻֻľɫ˲١ǽ죬һ˾ͱòһˣţڵԼԲȽٻ
ԱЦŵͷҪƱ
ڴʱһϸһ¡
һŮһ˽ŨױĨзŹ⣬Ƥ棬һϲɫ
ǮҪˡŮ˺˵һǿƵ
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ɫһ䣬ŮŭǸǮûУ
ûСԱһ㶡
ǾҡŮ˵
ԲǲôԱΪѡ
Ů˿һˣɫЩί
ɫһ䣬ͻȻһ˳ȥĿǸԱŷüͷһ壬ֽԱ˹ȥһš
е˰ɣŷվ˳ɫЩ
ߣƨ£ҹԶ㡣˵
ŷҪʱͻȻɫŹֵĺһ䣺㡣
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Ů˵¶һỊ̃Ҳ˰ˣһΪǶôأһ
ɫһף̲ס˵ʲô
㣬˻ø·Цһ۹ŷ磬ŮЦ˵鳰Ļ
忴˹ŷһۣѡ
ŮЦһԲŹŷѡ
ŷ粻ˬˣʼΪԷݣûзȴ̲סˣŷתһ䣺ҿԴ𣿡
һ㶣ݺݵĵ˵ͷ

ŷͷ˲䣬һ˳ȥŮ˲ҽһŷ߳üףȻһ˹ȥ
˿ԼŮ˱򣬶ʱŭŷŭҴҵŮˣ֪˭𣿡
֪˭𣿡ŷ練ʡ
һ㶣ͻȻе飬ѵ˱Լͷ
׵ŷЦ˵һ䣬˶ʱŭ
뷢ŷ̧һţҲŮ˵ĺ󳾡
ԱĿɿڴǰһĻղŻŵˣȫε˵ˣȴһȻԵõӡ
ˣȻؼҡŷЦ˵
˵ͷԼһۣŷˣ뿪
ŷֲأ˺ܿ˹Ůҧгݵ˵УһѾͷùȻҴҡ
˽ѵҲҧгݡ
һݣŮҡͷã齻Ұ죬ģҿ϶ùġ
ԥһ£ǵ˵ͷ


247 常ĸ
һ·ϣŷԵܲ˵ĸоˬ
˹ŷһۣȴԵЩգе嶯ˣһôһͷ۵ӡ
ʲôŷ粻⡣
ұĸԣʱ϶ҵҼң״ġƵ˵Լı㣬Ƿǳ˽ģһԲϳԿŮˡ
ڣ¸񡣡ŷ˵ЩԼһ𣬻ôࡣ
һ·¥£¥򿪣࿴һۣԼŮ͹ŷ磬ʱ۾һ
ˡཫͷ˽ȥЦ˵
껾ĸףЩ˵ҲϲΪŮ룬ҲԼ;
ԼϹһۣû˵ѵУҾ𣿾۹Ůϵ⣬ұҪ
Ϊʲôһ㶡
ѾͷϲǸ٣ѵûп𣿡дһĨЦ⡣
ʲôסˣüͷ˵ҲУûѾͷ˵𣿹ŷж󣬶һǵİΡ
ôˣбµˣĸ檣Ҳû£ȻĻҲ֪жСءЦ˵
껲㱻ԼĿˮǺסûĵһۣ˵ʲôأôȥˡ
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֮һ¶һĨЦˣ塣
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˵ĶԻһ㶼ȫˣɫŹ֡
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Կ϶ŷԼĸĸûйӴô֪˼ġ
ʶȥɡŷЦ˵̸ۡ
¥ǻûţžͱˡ˳Цݣǹŷɣ⺢ڼ㣬˵ѧУչúõллġ
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ŷȴһ˵̲ÿһŮƽʱѧУҲҺܶ࣬໥Ӧõġ
ӣΪ˵ˣӦ̲֮סЦ͹ŷˣһһܳ
ǾͺãǺúӡһӡ
ȥ㿴껣ŷ磬ԵЩнվ΢΢Щš
껺ԼӲһ׹ֵĺ壬ѽŷ統δŮԴ
λزɣŷ磬ҸһССС⣬벻Ҫŷ罫ʿֱ˹ȥ
껸Ͻסùֱһ˶һ£һ𾪵ӡ
ôˣԵЩʵ˵ŷˣԼϹ˶ȴûиԼеҲס
ʿһֱٰ̲סֱ̾˻ȥ˵ⶫ̫ˣҲҪ
̲סԼϹһۣ֪νԭֿʼˡ뵽̲ס˵ˣӸĶţʲôزصģǺӵ⡣
ô˵ŷЦ˵԰Ҳ£ҵһ⡣
ŷ罫Ǹó֮󣬶ʱȥˣǰģҲһ۾Ϳֵơ
ôصĶô˼ءеԥ
һߵ̲סЦ˳ӣղŻȰԼ¶أֵˣǺԼһı֡
뵽Ц˵°ɣǹŷһƬ⡣
԰ѵҲͶ𣿡ŷװĵ˵
ûУҾˡֵĽ£Ȼٴθ̾Ҳ̫ˡ
һߵ̲ס˵ûһ˵Ĺء
ʱ޲ŷ֣廻һ£¶һĨȣȻڴ£žƤġ
ǣʮء忴˹ŷһۣĴֱʣҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
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Ͼ˵֮ûʲôĻΪһѻôǮ𣿿¾ҲԸôɡ
ɣȥЦ˵Խŷ磬Խ⣬жֿˡ
Ұ㡣
˹ŷһۣ˵Լĸ׽˳
ֻʣ껺͹ŷڴˣɫ΢΢Щţ˰죬ſڵ١
ŷ翴һۣҡҡͷزúô֣ڵĹŷ磬ֻһѶѡ
ŷĻЩһ˵ͷ˻⡣


248 г
һ̸ŷһ˽⡣һֵܱˣأһССĹԱ
ںܶ棬ȴмأŷ綼оȡһ˼ˣûڣڰ׺е˵һ޴ʧ
һ£ŷͻȻ˵ز׺егԸȥ𣿡
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г껾ȵ˵¶ϲɫŷȻ˵ֻͿ϶аաܹΪ信飬ܶ뷨ʵˡ
ǸһһҸ˸Ҫҵİɡŷû˵信Լ˸磬ȻĻǲʲôٵģ¶ᱻɨسš
ģ̫ˣ껼ػͻȻһЦڳĸŮһ
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Ҳһɻ󣬲֪Լƽʱǳصϰ֣ͻȻĸˡ
ĺǳ⣬ȴ˿⣬˵ҪˣҪΪгˣҵ룬ҵıʵˡ
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̫ˡõŷ֤ʵ֮ҲˡͻȻΧȹһ˵ߣǳȥ¹ӣԸʹ졣
顣
ͻȻ߿ŵһ¡ŷӦĿͶſڡ
һˣһ̱ŮˣһЦŮ˺ͼ׳ֱӳ˽
껣һһغ
üͷһ壬ϳˣŵĴɩӽ÷ƽʱһҺһңûʲôÿμ棬Ҳ϶ǲɢڶԷͻȻ϶ûʲô顣
磬ʲô飿֪𣿡˵
ⶶЦ˵ţҽ˵ģŮűˣŮҪһĻûꡣ
ĻŷЦˣվЦе˵˵ıˣָ𣿡
˹ŷһۣתԼŮʵС꣬𣿡
꣬޺޵ĶŹŷ磬·ʱ򣬲ҿϵ·󻹶ִңְ֣һúõĽѵǰ
ߵڰף̲࣬סվ˳˵ҿϵ·ǡ
һǵ·Цְ֣Ҫ˵ôˣǿ϶ϣȽѵһ٣Ǿͻ˵ʵˡ˵һ˿ݡ
ã֡һ֣ļ׳˹
ס֣㲻Ҫ̫֣ҼңֵĻҲˡҪ֣껶ʱˣڹŷǵǰŭ
ӴǣƢˣҴ򡣡һѽƿ˱ŷ˹ȥ
ɫѿҪסЩˣȴסˡ
ǼȻҴûбҪֹǣİɣŷûµġ˵ȻĴˣͲȴŭˡ
һĨЦŷվһһȭԼҹ
СɵˡЦ
ڶԷȭͷҪڹŷϵʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˡ
һץסԷȭͷȻݺһ󡣹ѵǸ˷һҽУ׳һ㶣ŷһһ߷˳ȥ
һˣ˲ȫڵء
һĻˣЩɫĶŹŷ磬˵ʲô֪˭𣿡
ʶһ䣬һ
Ȼ˵仰֮󣬹ŷֱһ˳ȥĶ档
ҽһֱӵڵϣڳ鴤۾ĶŹŷ磬һĨݶ
֪˭𣿡ŷЦеʵ
˭ѵķʡ
ҽйŷ磬׺еĺܶˣϲҹ١ŷĵ˵
˻һˣǱ׻һ𾪵Źŷ磬Լʲôˡ


249 
ţ١־ǰ꣬Ȼٵͷ׺еİһ
֣ڰ׺УĲȨѪȵĴŷ統ʱֱ֣˼ȫǼȮ
ɾѪ֪ˣ־͵սľ
ǵϵȻҲʲôҡȴеϵѣŷͷһսѪ˾㤡
ҲʶңǸˣҪôźãŷĵ˵ͻȻ⣬ĿУʱһֵĴС
Ҵˣ٣㲻ҪɱңҴˡֵغɪɪ
ĸ׽÷ҲǻһηӡŷҪ˺Լɷ򣬽÷Ͻվ˳ӣùɣôҲ״磬㲻ۿ״°ɣ
ɫг˿ʱְ裬ȫһ
Цղŵʱô˵Ҵ磬ô˵ˣ
ŭһЩԼ磬һԼңǹŷĻָҪֳʲôأǿԿ϶ǣȻļ˳Կ
ӣǰôǲԣǹϣ㲻ۼ״类ɱ˰ֻһ簡÷ٴοڣɫ
Ŀһۣû˵ȻǶԼĴ޵˼㡣
÷ɫǿһޱĹŷ磬û˵
һ߿ţ̾һŷ磬˰ɣϾҶݡ
˻һ÷ʱ¶ϲɫ
ŷȴüͷһ壬Դ˾ӦĺնɱԸڹٳϣ϶Դ
һ㶣¶һĨЦ
ѾԹˣȻĻĲŻҲܶѾʮˣڻš
ȻزڣҾͷŹһǾ͹ɣԺ֪زһҵ鷳Ҷǲŷ˵
лл÷ϽлһȺɴ⣬ľҪ뿪
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Դð亹ѵŷ粻Źǡ
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251 ħ
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252 
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255 ݳ
ǵʲôˣԶһȺ±м䣬ɫغ
ֻһ˲䣬߱ʧ֮һ֣ǰ⼸˾ɱһ㱩ˡ
ɱˡɫЦĳ֣ѪһնɱȻһˡ
СӱһͷޣֱײһȺ˺ɣըԶ
ڸǿ׳º͵һһִòɿ񫡣
ߣǵסһڳԱ޷˵ĳɱ
Զݺݵĵɫһۣתߡ
֪ԼһȺֵܵĳȴҪ
ɫɱҪ׷ϸԶǲĴ㡣
ֻһȺڵĳԱ˾ٲά裬ֱնɱԶҲѾӵûӰˡ
ˡɫ޺޵˵
һˬСЦԡѪһԡѪħɢʵʵɷ
ǿ׳Լ촽е㲻˵ɱˣһûйءȴ̵ģʱԼһܹͶһսһ·硣
ȥɣһ㣬ûʲôϵԺģʱɱʹ졣ɫЦ
һ⣬ɱԽӵľˡӷħһ־޴ı仯עһѪȣ̤ѪǰС
ڵ˱ɱˣɫǳ֣ԶѡϽ򷨹ٻ㱨
ƬҪˣֽգҲһ£ƲҲһʱˡٵ˵
Ͻȴٵ
ٹעŷˣȫǿߣһЩҲ̫ڴĵ⡣ɫĮ˵
Ͻһ£ſڵӦɣ
ֹҾдԤıͼıһЩʲôǾԶԻĲڱȰ⣬ȶԸЩˡһ⣬
ǡ
Ͻͷ
ŷʱ̫߸ߵˣĽϴһĨƣ롣
ŷ˵Ķͷһ£Ц˵ˣС档
ҪҶ˯һᡣٻ˵һļȫ¶棬ѩ׵ļҫŷ۾
ȸˡŷ纰һߵȸӸֱӣȸû˯
ŷһתͻȻ˵ˡ
˻һŮԹһ˯ӣȴޱ˷ܵغأء
һӣùŷЦ̲סһ˵Сƨϸһơ
˳ʹĺһʱѹˡ
˷ŭĵŹŷ磬ȸƭǣٻ㣬ѹ
áٻ̴Ӧֱŷѹ˹
һβˣŷϮЦŮûѹŷѹŰ
ȵ𴲵ʱѾˡ
洫ҵļУжų̹ˡ
ӺͽõڴУ˳ӽһЩ
˾пଷôһڴӿˡ
ŷҲûʧ̻ʽЩȫɵˡֱһ㶫ˣ˻ʵ𣿡
Ŀɿڴ׼Ĳ٣˵ˣ˻ûӣǵ׶ʲôˡ
뵽˴ϣһֱսڣҲȻˣ飬ҲҪ˰ɡ
֮󣬹ŷ翴ʱ䣬һ֣
˴ϲŹŷ˳ȥ
֮Уȸϲױ֮⣬϶ʩ죬Ȼúܶ˿ɵˡ
ˣһӣݳĵطȥ
ڵʱʵŷһɽ˺ȫˣŷ˵һשͷüˡ
Ȼû뵽ǸѾͷȻ˸ߵ
˰ɣⶼķ˿ϹҪﻹ˵ĲãԻᱻЩ˷ʬġٻС͹ŷ˵
һһޱߵȺŷǳ鴤£ϵûз
ƱˣǸôȥȸͻȻ
ŷ翴һܣżԶһĿϵ»˹ȥڼɻУŷһ绰ˣŶǸϵ»վأһ£һŮϵġ
˭绰أȸ̲סʵ
룬ŷûεıҪ˵
ʲôʶȸŷ񶼱ˡ
ǰôˣҶ˵ˣһѾͷʶʲô˲ģ㲻ҪôСֺòáŷ粻м˵
ɲʲôǲǵģѾͷԶǳѾͷ


256 
ٻ˼֪˵Щʲôˡ
վԭأȴ˹úһɫװ˹ŷϵóһڡ
˵
˵ͷ˸汣ڣ˽ȥڵ˺ܶ࣬ǼȴûбԣϾĴŮʵ̫һ㡣
ۣǼŮ˭ôŮҪƯأһ̲ס˵
˵˵ŮġߵͬŮʱҲסˣԺоֻһͷǾ̫ˡ
˭ѵǣȦûмǰܶɻ
ϾŮòֻҪȦ;ԲĬĬ
ȥ֮󣬱ֱӴǰһšλãȻΪ׼ġ
С˵ˣݳ֮ҪߣҪͼλСԷڵ
ŷ˵ͷ뿪
ٻǵ۾ȫеżȻԼԷǼ˼㡣
Ϲû뵽ĺʶ̫ˣԺԾˡٻĵ˵
û⣬ֻҪҿԾ뵽ȥŷƱ
ģٻ۾һ
ȸ˹ŷһۣ˵ˣֱӽȢȥͿˣҲԶһá
УѾͷ̫ˣҲϲŷնüŮӶ
ͻȻãҲŷûƭǣľ
һ룬ŷ΢һ£Ҳ˵ϳ󣬲Ż١
Ůһ֪ԼòǱ֮Ҫʤ֣ǹŷԼ˺ȣǵóǳĽۣͱȽˡ
ΪһԩҲǣòҲԳƲһ֡
ţ˹Ůʱ򣬶¶޵ɫò۽ãҲ˶١
ȸӺͽٻˣòʤôŮһ֣Ǻټġ
мĹŷ磬򱻺ʹĺˡ
λС㣬֪ôƺһͻȻڣȸʡ
ӦģһűĽա

ȸ˵ڿһ겪Ȼŭ
뷢һһ£ǿѹŭɭȻĿȸһۣһĨЦǰȥ
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻ˳ȥýһ¡
ֱˤڵϣһΪӢһκܵĽӴһͷŭʨһ㣬վŷŭ
顣
ŷû˵һ˳ȥǸŶӹڵϡ߸ŵļɫ䣬Ҫŷȥ
ۼһɧңһȺԱϽ˹ס
λʲôᣬݳŽҪ¡һ˵һơ
겻мĿһۣɭȻ˵Хô󣬻ûгԹֿûꡣ
ǣˣʵǿвԲһŵģ㲻Ҫҵĺĵ¿ηΡŷͻȻڣһı顣
Хһ£̲סʵʲô
ѹܶ״쳣ŷĲ˵
겪Ȼŭʱ֪ŷˣԼҲ̫ˡ
ҪŷȴֿˣȻôţôڵģ
ХһŷĻȻ󣬵ȴĴĶУХؿ˹ŷһۣͻȻԼλá
ȻȥøХԵúܳԾХԸǺǳԿھȻܹЩ˿ŷ񶼱ˡ
ղŹŷ˵Ļû֪Хõԭ
ŷ¶һĨζɫҵ˶ˣԽԽˡ
Աûмȥ˼ʱһǰһŵƱɲ׸㵽ģǷǳȨƵˣܹ
˶򵥣Ǹֹˡ
ƹⰵ֮󣬴һ󾪺̨ϣһȹ˳һʹһƹϣеǷ֮ˡ
ŷ磬ЩԾû뵽ȻôƯʱ
ֹǸһפյ˵ѾͷܹﵽΪԼŵı׼Ҳ˵
ϣܹ׳Ҫлλѣô֧֣ɳһģԽ죬ҪΪҴĵһ׸裬ǡж˵飬ǴʴƮɡ


257 ̨
ת˵ĸƮȻɣˮһ峺̺ŨŨĸм֮顣Ȼ֮ܶǰѾ׸ˣǴʱҲ̲סˡ
ڳĸԣܶոճʱ򣬱ĸ裬ˡûмӵģڸԺõĲˣĵѣԼķ˿
мÿһˣͬʱҲôģЩʼһһָж໥ġжǣҲм
ô꣬Էϵģм󲿷ֶˣȴһˣ˶ܹоģϵ˸ܵһ˿һ
һжвٸ档
֣źŷߵĸŮˣҲһУ˿˼Լ
ŷ綼ЩˣҲģҶźÿһ߾ȫ궼ڲ̲סҪЩź
ŷȴסֳ嶯һǿߣֻǿ־ûȻܱȻʧ
ŷ翴˲ԶХһۣ嶯꣬ʱȴ쳣侲˿ûбΧĻӰ졣
һ򵥣Ҳ֮ǰһУΰˣʱ
ܵŷĿ⣬Хתͷǹŷע֮Хԥһ£Ȼŷĵ˵ͷ
ŷüͷһšԣˣоһ̳ѹͬ
Ƕ˶ŷ紫ܡ
Хɫһ۾ɴˣ¶ϲɫ
ĻˣŵĶŹŷ磬һ˫۾˸˵ľ⡣
ŷ΢΢һЦû˵ǽĿͶ
һգͣһᣬȵ˵ƽȥˣ΢Цſڵĵڶ׸裬氮ϣ䴦氮Ը磬
΢Цţһʹͬһ㣬ͣĴ˵ĶС
ҶˣԼ·ͻȻԼ̫Ķܶ۽ᣬȴִ󳹴
ʹ˲ã氮
һ䣬ֳһƬ֮󣬲űɽ
ĸ裬˲СЧ˼֮һʥΪ˼䴫á
ʹŷڣһˡѾͷ䷲ʹġ
ÿһ׸裬飬˵ǿɤӳģ˵ǿźġ
ʱʱ΢΢ԵЩƣȴȻ˷ܡ
ʱ䣬һѣ̨ҹͬһĿ֪ԸⲻԸ⣿Ц˵
ͱǲһںԵĸܣЩ˲ԸĻ϶֡
Ը⡣һȺź
Цˣһ۹ŷ磬ùŷһֲõԤС
̨Ӻ棬ȴһɫĶų·ŭ˭ŵģ˭ôûǰ֪ͨҡ
ǹ˾ĸȣȨܴһǡ׺а£˳һݳᡣ
ˣһ㶼֪Ⱥǲ
ʵֹȲ֪·֪Ҫ˭ȴ˵ȵĸܣƽʱڵطΪӣ˵˹ŷݣͬȻŭ
Բûкܴк¡·Ц
Ŀ˳·һۣЦһźˡȻʹ˽ҹȥҪ׷˵Ρó·һЩǹ˾֧һӶȻûн˷С
ģҵѹŷˣ㣬Ҫˣ֪ƤҪߣҲ۸Ŷŷ㣬̲סЦ˵
ڶԷһĺЦùŷЩֻ鷳ǲ̨
ȻѾ˵زˣŷȻҲԭأվĿ̨ȥ
˲ŷһɫİᣬϴһͲʣһȹͬʹһʥࡣ
վһȴûһ˿гĸоһԣںһ𣬻ͯŮһ㡣
ѾͷҪʲôŷĵʵ
һЦûлشˣЦ˵´һ¸裬֣Ҫڽ͸ңΪҵĺߣΪҴһĽ衣
˻һݳֳ󱬷ХĻ
һֱǳһЩĸ裬飬ͬʹһ棬Ҫת
ֳȻǽҪΪżļ֤ߡ


258 ý
йԱһúһѱӹã˶ǰһ
ôֻ裬ȴû˵ʲôֻڳĸû뵽ǣһεʹȻǲִ̫á
ᲦŪ£õ˳ȥǴСһ㣬ö
ŷ˵ͷŷŽӹһ£ͻȻ۾һⲻͨıȻһϺõı
Ǻһеıһڶһŷ֣ԭȻǿ˵á
ŷһһӳ˹ŷС
񡣡
Ķ֣ŷɫЩӡнѽΪ游ĸ彣ֻһδսʧû뵽Եɺ֮£Ȼ»صС
Ͻ¶һĨЦݣŷ˵񣬽ǣ̨ϣһʵĽɣף³
񷢳һӦŹŷĻ飬ܵŷϤϢȻ˷ܡ
ͬĸһƴֻ·˵ǰ
ŷһ̣˷ֹŷˡ
ȻһִװǸȴùŷһŴִͣУһĨ飬С
ŷ綯ˣĽ࣬еĽһţ˸һĨҵɱͨȴ̲סѪڡ
㱼䣬˷·𿴼һͣзȣ壬ȾѪһ·Ѫǣٵߡ
󣬹ŷĽ׵ںһ𣬲ң۳һֺͼ
䣬ŷͻȻһѱסųҡֱϣ˷·ɰһ㣬ʡ
ݵĳȻݳᶼˣرһĻ˳𺳡ÿһĶŮмһΣ벻䣬ĸ裬ŷĽǵѪҲǲ˹˶оԼҪˡ
رһĻʾţ书ĴڣղһĻѵνṦ
ĻȣĿɿڴӶһˡ
Ȼûо书ֻһݳЧõϲһһ̨ףǶڹ˾˵һ¡
ֻ洫һϵɵĲ
лл³佱ȵɫһ˲ְĵӣó·öġ
ͬʱð칦ͣǲмͺûһϵղȻ鷳ء
ҵ绰ȵɫ˲ָ˳·һۣŵ˵òǸ˭ҡ
·ͣȹŷݣ֪ʲôͷ·û˵
ееڴ֪Ⱥ͹ŷ֮󣬻ʲôĻ𻨡
ݳ᳡УǷڡХиǲƽȻΪŷõʲôߣ书ŷһߣǼΪǿ֡
뵽ղŹŷԼ˵Ļм
үǸϽߣղźͻˣǿǿ²Ķ֣һҪ˺סһ˿ڣɫ衣
ܵŷصǿԶԶ󼰵ǿ
һۣХЦȴװһµɫϽվһȺ뿪
ȸһۣһЦ૵˵ҡ
ڸô죿ٻЩû⣬ݳһͺ͹ŷһ𣬺ԼżԷ
ż񶼱ŷ籧ˣ֪ôˡ
ȣȻǣõġȸܵȻ
ٻҲȻһᣬйԱǰȥ̨
湤Ա̨˲ûпŷһ˺ľ˳·
Ů֣ȵ۾һһߵĳ·̲סɫһ䡣
ͻȻʶԼһ£ȵãرŮ˷棬ɫжŷĸŮǰ²֡
ǰȾڳ·ǰ棬ߵȸǰ
λС㣬ǺãǲŴýŵĸܲȣ֪λСôƺһӣԵúʿ
ó·двãֻڿĳ˵ʱ򣬲Ż˵ı֡ƽʱһ߰ӣǲκ˷һ
üһۣûȸĿͶ·ʵϹأûл𣿡
˻һ̲ס˱ɫû뵽ƯһŮˣȻѾϹˣһĨ


259 ̨ͻ
λСĿ湻ģ֪λСôƺȼƤ
ȸЩͷˣɨһۣ˵ұĳ졣һɷһʶףɫͨ졣
ԼȻһŮӸˣ߳ŭˡ
ˡһȺԱϽ˽
ʲôˡͷʵȸһۣŲµ
ЩԱжȺܲм׺е죬ûٶǾ糡һЩŮְԱɧţܶ˶вϲ
ɫָȸŭɫôЩɵ˽ˣҪǳʲô飬ܸ𣿸ϽҶץ
ɫưһָʹӣȺԱɫȲÿ
ͷĹۿȸһۣŵ˵ԲûмǴĻ⼸λССÿˣǲɵˡ
ҷҵĻŭ
֣Ҫȳȥ
һȺͬʱŭĿӣһȥ֣Ҳ˻ֻɫӱˡ
⼸ҲʶСҲûйϵҺȥ˶Σֻȸˡ
ͷĹԱɫ΢΢һ䣬̾һȸ˵˼λС㣬ȺСɡ
֮⣬׼ѣֻûа취ѡ
·̲סˣվ˳ܣ⼸λȷʵĿˣǲɵˣ㲻Ҫᡣ
ûκᣬ·òҪ֣ûкôŭ˳·һۣǳľ棬ó·ɫ
ȸ̲סˣͻȻ߽ȣȻݺݵһ߳ȵ֮䡣
ȷ˸ۣһ仰û˵˹ȥصڵϣһƵ
һȺԱĿɿڴͬʱоԼ֮Щ쬵ģŮҲ̫뺷˰ɣһ£ȵϵһӻܲãһֵȷ顣
ţһߵƯһ޵
ȸתһЦллϹ佱
֪ʱŷ󣬴ʱŷһЦݡ
ɿ֣ٻ˹һֻŴȵϲ˹ȥŷȴһӣһƤ̫ӲˣŽˡ
˶һ飬һ۵ŵȣѾȫȥˣѪ
ΪȸѾˣڿŷˣҲһ㶼ȻΪ
ٻٻţȸţ˵ǳԷ˵ǵȥԱȽϺãŷЦʵһ§סٻȸˣ˵һðݵŮˣȻǰţҿǵӣû˿гǳǢ
ŷ磬ֺϤͷǸԱֹ
ʱһ˽ŷʱżֲٵ¶һĨϲɫѵŷһغٺá
һ˵ЩԱȫɫ䡣
׺й٣׺İǰ꾹Ȼ
ЩΪʲôȸǿˣΪٵŮˣʱ
Щ˿ŷдһĨηгݵɫǿŷһ棬һҪĤݵĴ档
ʶңŷЦ˵вûӳ
Ҵ˵֪١򹧾˵һ£ֿڵҴҽл
ĻŷЦˣֲһʶԼԭĵܵܡ
˵󣬻һ㶼лϣѾˣ˾һ
˰ǹӳȥȻȥԼȥɣøҡָָϵȣŷԸ
лоһһԥûУԸ£̧˳ȥ
֪ȵ³϶᲻ùȵŷ磬Ըȡ˸һεĴڣû˿ɱԡ
¸ˡлһ򣬵Ϊȴǳò͹ŷ֮󣬲뿪
·Щԥ˵٣᲻ðɣ
Ҳһǣüͷ˵ϰϲֳϰ϶ᱩŭģʱ²ճ
ͷİɣϹڣ˭Ҳ㣬һֹ˾𣿲еĻϹһ͵ǹ˾Ҳʡ۸ȸͻȻվ˳һס˵
еˣԵЩȻȻе㲻Ӧ
ǰӣͱˣϹģõôࡣٻҲ˹ŵסһֻ֡


260 
ô˵ǷҲŷʵڰ׺Уŷʵ죬˭Ҳκ
ǾͺáЦ˵һ䣬ȴûп·ɫ̫ÿ
κβ˹ŷ磬ʰˣӦõĵģŶԡ
ŷ翴һ۳·ɫ˼
Ů໥ͨȻһš׹ŷΪʲô˵ԼˣڳļŮˣûһԼģҳ˽⣬ԱǿһЩʧ䡣
Ͼòһֱǽһȴ֣ԭԼòĲǳڣڹŷ棬̫Զ
һȺȻ¸ȥ
Ϲղźȥˣٻʵ
˶Ŀŷ磬ɫĲˡչŷٶȣӦ֮ǰȥ̨Ŷԣ֮϶Ƿ˵ʲô
ҪһԵһʱ䡣ŷЦ˵
λ棬ȡ˳˹ȥ
ȸӵУ̾һýǺһһ࣬ϵ֮ȸ׹ŷΪʲôҪѱˡ
нǹŷ游ĸ彣ںͱ˵һԾУʧ˶񽣣û뵽Եɺ֮£Ȼص˹ŷСȸҲоЩ˼飬оڤڤעһҪصŷС
òűѽӰɡŷͻȻ˵ĸŮ˶һ㶡
Ӹ¶ϲɫŷ罫Լĸ彣͸Լʲôм
ӻ˵ðɣһĸҪõĻ
ɫЩ죬Լ֮£ĸƺˡٻǲû¶˿ɫǵУҪΪԼ˵Ľá
㵹õģǰЩ游֪ʲô񾭣ĸȥһطûٻҲ֪ôˣѽŰɡŷ翪˵˵Լ游ĸϢʱԵúǷƵ
ûи飬ǹŷãԼ游ı죬ҪĻûʲôܹɱġ
ӻЩԥȸʣֱӵݸӡ
ţţϹĶѵ㻹ҪƴǡĻ˵ĺֱӣɫͨ죬ԥһ£ӻǵ˵ͷˡ
ǳ֮Ѿ賿ˣ˷ֿصԼס
ŷ§Ů˷УȻбѽѽһҹսŷˬŮƣ
ǲûкôģٻӽˣԼܹܵһϢĴڡŷף˫޵ЧԪǵҷţڣԹŷڼȡʱһڷǡ
峿ӭ˰ݷߡХһĺߣ˱塣
ŷ翴ĺ֮󣬶ʱЦˣǰһܱЦ˵쵰ˡ
ĺͷЩ˼˵̫æˣûʱ䣬ҸմӹС˵㣬ԾֱӸϹˡһ£ӿһХ˵йŸ硣
Хһͣôŷ綼ûԼòãԼΪʲôҪ硣
Хԥ̲סһ˹ȥֱӽХڵϣû˵СӣҵĻҲ㺰ͺĥĥǵķ
ХЦһҲվϵĻҳŷɫŸ硣¶ɫ
ŷЦãĴ󺺵ļЦԣһﻹôĲûܴܵˣôôɡ
ԵԼܵһۣȻһǴӦ
ХһһûԼ磬е㲻Ӧ
ҵܵ˵κǲǣԿżɽֱ˵
ŷҲû˵ͷ˵ڵʵΪܵˣʵǾ֢ҽ˳֣¾ܳΪˡ
۾һżʵô˵
ʵνֻΪǸϵѪѵ̫࣬˾ܹЩͨЩӵˣ̼ΪǿߣպǱ޴󣬺пʶ𡣡ŷĽ͵
˻һ˴һʶͷ붼ûи
ҲֵģԷȻܵܣҲֻðһˡŷЦ˵
ģ̫ˡ˴ϲ


261 ͨ
ŷͻȻһתԣսĶӳе㲻ְ
һ㶣Щɻʵʲô˼
ǲֻҪսıһ죬ǵģܵսı۸ŷûлشĻٴһ䡣
ȴѾ˼۾ŭ˭۸սı
Ȼͷܴ󣬵ͷԼ򵥵ˣҲսĶӳӹŷĻУµе˼
սػŹңȻ˸۸սĹǣңǸ˵˭ŭɢһɺ⣬ХΪԵ׵ܵܣҲо䣬ףŭˣΪԼսѶŭ
һˣ˵ּҵ𣬱飬Ȼһֱ׷ɱڱժ¥棬ɫѧűء
ȥժ¥ʸף˵ּңٺ١к˸ľ
뿪ˣХŷļһХ壬Цĸӻˡ
βãϹ㲻볢һ°ɡȸһߣüͷ˵
ǹҽʥ״ӣҽΪڹŷ硣Ҳ˵Ȼҽʥβ˺á
βãβãҿ˵ܹͨХľ䲻ֻ֮һǿߡŷЦԵúܿġ
ǵǿߣñ֪˹ŷķ뷨϶ĿɿڴǿߣһĴڣ䣬ֻȵļ𣬵ǹŷȴҪһλ
һߵХ֪Լһ˵ʱ̣ˡǹżҴ˶βһעһˡ
ڳΪХûǸֻͱ˴ͬ㣬һߵĻᡣ
СӣǷһ飬ǿûŷͻȻЦˣԸȸ
ȸ˵ͷȡ˳
Х𾪵ɫȻ䣬ȴܹһĵرֶȻңˣײܶãŷ羹ȻóԼˡ
뵽ХһĹŷг˸м
𣿡ŷаЦʵ
Х¶һĨЦۣҶ֪ʲôʱʼѾûָоˣͷſưɣҲһˡ
ң书Ƿˣᱻ˿𡣶һƺ֮壬˽ȶԺ˵䣬Хڼеӵļˡ
Сͳů׺ʹ˻סܻܲڻ˵
Ǿͺáŷ絭˵
Хɳ棬ȡ롣һתûУȻ󱻹ŷХϡ
ХĻһ˲һ㺮˪ХĸоУ·Լ궼סˣܵĸоҪ󺰣Хȴ֣ԼڵûС
ŹŷĲͣ£ХоԼ˼άҪˣѾһֻ״̬
Хȫ֮󣬹ŷֶˣȡ룬ڻεϣó֮ͨͨ죬ɢ֮
Хϣһɾ޴ȫʡ˲佫ˡȵĸоȴХоԼǱһ
ҽһֻǲһʱ䣬ҽȻֱֹס
ŷޱ飬ԼĶȵεľȡˣѾһСʱ֮ˡ
ХѾҪˣ־ģû˿ࡣ
ʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˣХһһֺֻݺݵХϡ
һǿХУȺͱϢת˲Щľ
ХըˣѪģһĻһȸɫҪѹŷ磬ȴס˳嶯ԹŷҽԲûаյ顣
ХҽУŷҲ˻ӿǿпЩľʮ֮󣬹ŷһƨڵϣХȴҲһϢ
ģҿлΣȻһˡŷ紭һڴɫȴԺΪͨȻǿߣһܹõȴˣȻХ˴ǻεǿ󾫻ȴڲͣ޲ܵ˺סХ
ţڸˣκһ˺ŷ紭Ŵ˵
ȸͷߵХߣųľХϡľͷųһƬХУһᣬɢХָǴûܵ˺һ
ȸɵջľֽ˿⡣
ֻЩĵŹŷ磺Ϲû°ɣ
û£еҽ䣬һͻָˡŷֿЦ˵
ȸͷŹŷ˷䡣
յ棬ŷͽȸѹסȻľУǹ·


262 Եľ
ڵĹŷ˵˫õĻָķ
һСʱ֮󣬹ŷȸӷȸһϴһĨ飬ĵܹγˮһ
ɳϵХʱҲתѣ㯵Ŀһˣɵɵʵû
ϻҸǰ㻹±Ӱɡŷû˵һڻԼҽ
Хѹܵе״̬¶ϲı顣
Ϣĸоǰδеĺá
ǲǸоԼһȭܴһͷţŷаЦʵ
Х˷ܵĵͷȻûע⵽ŷǲ
һȭԣȫҿڵ״̬ŷ˵
ʱХѾû˼ŷĻԥһȭ˹ȥ

һҽУХȭͷˣŷûܵκ˺ȭͷȫˡоԣХջһʱĹͷԻϵġ
ҵʹХȫѹˣ޺޵ĶŹŷ磬û˵ǹġ
ˣϧûн߰ɣȥժ¥ŷ绵Ц˵ᵽժ¥һ⣬ʱԣӦѾŪ˰ɡ
ŷժ¥ʱԳֻڸӦХ״̬ʱ¶һĨЦݣɫ
ˣŷɵʵ
˵һۣɢԶ˵ĺ
ô죿ŷЦʣֻѾµԵĴ𰸡
Ȼ˵ȥһ˾ǣּңǲù
磬㲻ܻȥХͻȻɫһ䣬̲ס˵
˶ĿͶХ֪ʲô˼ҵĴӪҲھǣǵ֮ǿߣԻصУڻصԼĵ̣ХȴԻȥп϶б顣
ʲô飿ŷ̲סʵ
Х̾һǰһʱ䣬Ҵ󲮵Ķ۸ңˣȻֽѵǸһǼһˡ
úáɫͻȻ޵
ҪңֱŪСҲڣȴűĺ⡣
ХЦԼ˵ˣڳˣûһʡ͵ĵƣȻʸ˵ֻȴһ˵ݣע޷ôȻ
Ǵ󲮶ӣԱ󲮼Ǻˣصǣܻܿ¡
˰ɣΪһ˵飬ûбҪ۴ңһǺɫʦѧñ죬ԺȥǱ𡣡Ͻڣ˵ΪǳжԸκΪðա
ɫ粻֮ͻȻ¶һĨЦɱ񣬷ɱҿ˭ҡ
ϱһϢ쳣ǿھ硣
ϻƣˡŷЦ
ԣǿ޼ɣһ϶ʲô飬Բˡ˭赲ȫ
ֻôսӳְλϼһЩѹԵԸˣʱ±ָ硣
㲻ǾֻһЩ飬Щˣע޷ͨǽǾΪһеֶΣЩҲˣΣ¿һңԲڵľҡԺɣ˵һХһ
ԼĴ磬ɫеĴ磬޾η˫κζ赲
ãȥǰɣʲôѣ֪ͨɫһʵڲУʱʤǰҿ˭赲㡣ŷЦΪԶˡ
һעݺ£ΪһԽֻԽ٣ֻͷųԸߵĸԶ
Ͼ磬һȺ˺ȾƣȸҲ˺ֻܶ࣬Ϊ壬ڹŷǣͺȲ
˶ſˣŷȸһЦ뿪ժ¥
ӿٵڹ·ʻȴ͵ͣߵס˹ŷȥ·߻ŸԶ
ģûվڹ·ʲôϽŷͻȻ򿪳ŭ
Զ¶һɿ̹ĵĺ⣬ŭŹŷ磬Цǹæô˸ԶˣøԶġ
Զŷһɻı飬ȸʵţԶ˭
ȸǿЦ⣬˵ϹǰϸǸˣǸԶ
ȸĻŷһ㶵ӣȻ¶һЦݣĵԶ˵ԭǸְʲô飬ѵ͸ң˵ˣҪôˣˣأ
Զɫ࣬ĳУҪ˲͸㣬λϣˣɱⲡ
λߵӴɱɢŷֹȥ


263 ɱ
׳աŷֹȻڲҲͽ⣬̫˺ԼɱңԸ
ŷȸӣ˺ԥֱ߳˹ȥ
˶ǾǿߣȻϽǿ󣬵Ҳ㹻ǿƣֻһӴŷ˾·硣
ŷȴģǽֻһˣҲҪĶˣһȸȫһˣںйȸ׷žǿܡ
䡣
ŷȸɱǿѪڣ񣬵ס˾ǿߵĹ
һĻøԶľҺǿߣĻ˵ı֣¹˭ֻĲһ
ơ
ŷľǿߴ˫ƱΪĥ̴Сݺݵ
һǿ߻죬ȸѹ·磬ǿƹ
ŷЦ̫ͼ֣˳ȥһ죬ͬʱˣǸǿŭ񣬶Էھ磬Ȼȫɿŭһ衣
߳ԽԽǿƣ·𶯣ǳ߸֣һƣڹŷϡ
ͨأ޾ԪҪɱŷ硣
ǿߵϣһιŷǻɱǸǿ߻Ҫŷ糤Х죬һȭһȭסߵĹ
ֱڣȸҲûʹйڵߣǷǳõǿĥ
һִǣΣȡͻƣ
ڳɱ䣬Ǹܵ˵Ǳֲĵزž磬ǴزպɳǾڵһв
뵽˶һָۣӶˡ
ÿһʹȫҪɱˡ
ŷȸȻҲܵ˵ɱǶһۣʽˡ
й˳ȸУһ˲Լ䳬Խߡ
ŷ糤ХһնģĹΣתǿ
һײǸڵĳϲҽһ屻һѪŵĶŹŷ磬Ȼ쵹ڵϡ
ΪһǿߣȻŷһɱû뵽
ŷĴһղŶطһ˲ԼʵɱУŽԷɱе㡣
ȸںйǿޱȣһֻѹ£޴ڶϣԷ˼Ѫ
ȸɣڶԷУһǸϵϡ
ǸϵըڲԶ
ֳֻʣ¸ԶһˣֵˣҪߣȴԼŲŲŷħһı֣סˡ
𣿡ŷЦʵ
Զû˵ɫ࣬ɫ־塣ۼŷһԼ嵽˼㡣
Ҳɱ㡣ŷ絭˵
˻һȸȣԹŷ˽⣬ԲһĴˡ
Զе㲻Լġŷɱϣһû˵ŷ˱ˡ
Ҫȥڵһ仰˺ٺԼҺ˺Ҫ⳥ӦĻҾȫ;ڿսŷĵ˵
ȸ͸Զɴ۾ǿһۿŷ硣
ȫ;ڿսƾʲôоȿҽʥʤ򣬹ŷҲûоǿϾڴô꣬жٵ̣ûܹ֪
Զȴᵱ˵ŷʲôֻҪܼһ˵㹻ˡڹŷǲǷˣǲ顣
Ȼȥ㱨֮ǰҪЩֶΡŷаЦ˵
Զһʶһŷȴֱӳ֣ץסˣȻڸԶ˼£㽫ſ
ɣֻˣ֮ڣϵΪܻܰҵֶΣǳ죬ԼɡŷЦ˵Ȼһ§סȸתԼĳȥ
ȸĿ˸Զһۣ֪ŷ粻ô׵ķŹ꣬ŷֶΣҽʥⲻԶ
ֱȥԶҹСŷĻţԼʱ䲻Գ죬ֻоļпܻ
ӸԶ٣ȥŷǿ׳һ绰
ȸɫŹ֣¶һĨŵɫ;ڿս
Ҳϰõ˻ϣԾڱҪǶôǿ󡣡ŷһ⡣
;֮䣬Ѿûкͽˣֻһ𣬲ܹõƽ


264 ĸʧ
λϱɱ𶯻ġ
ŷˣܹɱǿߣǿ֮֡Ӵ֮û˸żҴˡ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷȴõһõϢ
ˡ绰ԯģЩ
ʲô飿ŷüʵԯٻʧ̬˵˵ȷʵǳˡ
ùŷһһֲõԤС
С̷̺򲻼ˣұģûҵǡԯżĻùŷһ
׺ĸˣϲǸУھȻͻȻʧⲻϳ
ֻʧ𣿡ŷʵ
绰Ǳ߳Ĭһᣬԯżڵд򶷵ļ󣬻мʬ壬²̫
ŷһǿԼ侲β˵ûµģҰ裬ǲô׳µģ˭ܹ˺ǡ
Ȼô˵ǹŷл̲סġ
常Ҳһ˵ҲҪٹ飬˵ʱɫǳأ뵽ʲô˼ɵһԯص˵
ԯ޵ж˼ɵ飬Բ򵥡
û£ȲҪЩˣҼҵͷӣͣһûܹ˵ǿ϶ȥʲôȥˡŷ룬ſ˵
Լͷģͣô׻µġ
ϣˣϢѾ֪ˣвˣҪ⣬ҪĹżҴˡ˵ԯЩ䡣һں˲࣬ǹŷȴۡ
㲻õģʤǰ壬ûܹ˺ҵġԼİΣŷ絹ǲġʤ򣬾ǿҪ˺Ҳһ׵顣
Ҵߵ飬ȥԯ˵һ䣬㽫绰ҵ
ٻ֪ԯҪԵúܿġŷȴĲϼһԼĸ׵ȥѱԼԺû뵽
ֱҵʤԼĸʧϢǡ
üͷֹѵǼһȥǸطʱ仹ûеôȥģ
ɫɻȻ²⵽һЩʲô
ŷʳʱȴ֧֧ᣬ˵
壬ѵʲôҪҵ𣿡ŷüͷʵ
ʤһۣʤֱ˵Щ飬ڲܴģû˿ôֻҪ֪㸸׿϶û¾ˡ
Ϊʲôô϶ŷޱʵ
ɫЩŹ֣ջǿˣ㸸ף֮ǰѾͻ𾳽磬һΣı죬ûܹɱ
˻һŷ˲ɴ۾
֮Ա𣬾˵Ѿﵽļˣ¡ͻƣһʲô磿𣿹ŷ綼û
棿һʲô磿ŷʵо˸Ȼ֪ԼĸӦû飬㲻ˣ֮ϵľ档
֪
ʹĻش˹ŷ磬Ӷɳˡղ˵ͷͷǵû뵽Ҳ֪֮ʲô
ŷһı飬̲סɫһڣҲ֪ʲôֵģȻڿһһսʵΪȴûдﵽأҾҲδ֪֡
ŷ罫Ŀ˹ʤɫһ죬Щ˼˵ȷʵǲ֪
϶ûһ֪ġŷȴһֹĸо˲ǲ֪ǲԸԼ
뵽ûĵһۣתҪ뿪
һ¡סŷ硣
ʲô飿ŷûʵ
ҿ϶϶϶һЩʲôȴԸԼȻˬˡ
Ҳ֪ŷʲôпЦǲ˵ǲ˵Щ飬һڣȻѵĽ֡
ɫֻ˵ҽʥһ֮Ҫ˵˽ıͽܣҪ̽һԼδŮʵ
˻һŷɫ䡣
֪ˡŷӦһһͷ۵뿪ˡ
Уֻʣʤˣɫ
Ǹط϶д鷢ˡüͷ˵
Ȼβǿƿ·ǸطȺֵˣ⣬ӦǸ֯ʤҲڣɫء
Ҫˣ꿪Ǹ֯˳֣¸ǵʱ䲻ܳˣŬһЩ׼ɡĵ˵⣬һ㣬ʤоľ
ףλҽʥʵʵԲԼ˵һûдﵽǴﵽһֲܿľ硣


265 
ټĻģӿŷȴصѧУˡ
ӭӵģȴǷһͬѧ
ǹŷ硣һѧۼ⣬ȷֹŷ磬Ȼĳ˹˸⣬ǿʲôŮһ
ۣǹŷ簡
תͷŷ֮󣬶ʱ˷ܵĺ˹Ȼһ˹
˲䣬Χѧ߳ùŷĿɿڴ㷢ëˣѾӾܡ
λлú˵ʲô׷Ұŷţ溰
֪ЩͬѧǳʲôҩˣȻ׷Լǿʲôϡһ
û˻شһȺ˺֣Ҫס
ǵܶȺԽԽࡣһԲŮЦͿҪסˣҼͰ
Цˣùŷ緢ë
һᣬ΢΢ӿΣ˲佫Щͬѧ
ŷأ˾
̫ܵˣ֪ȥˡ˻ش
ȥң϶ȥˡһȺ˺ƺƵҳ˹ȥ
һֻɺ·廹ڣѾ˳ȥԼŮסһҲ÷ժ¥
תͷǹŷʱǵ۾Źˣ͸ղŵЩһĵԡ
ŷ类һ̲ס˵Ǳң׷ʲô飬ôһѧУͱΧ׷½صģûʲô캦ɣ
ŷƵı飬ɺ·ȴһĽ
ǣˡɺ˵
ĻԺҲŷˣҽżҵż񡣡·˸Сǣһݵӡ
л˵ƨţʲô飿ŷץˣһ˵ܿ׵ⶼʱˣûиҪ֪顣
ֱڣŷ绹أԼʲô񹲷ߵˡ
û˵ֻóһűֽݸŷ硣
ɻĽ˹ŷ翴ͷʱ򣬶ʱˡ
Ų̊ͬý裬ָֽܴ֡һ飬ǹŷš
治ͣĲ²Źŷݣ˵ޱȣ˵߳ˡ߰˵ùŷ綼ĿɿڴȵŴ͡
ҲˣԼΪʲôΧ׷½ˣʲô񹲷ߵ飬ΪԭˣǴĻ
ŷȴҪֻǳ˹ΪܴĲ㡣
ݣ취ôӰ죬֪ҵݵģҪǳΪ˵Բһ¡ŷ緳յ˦˦ͷһθоԼĳ޲ˡ
ɺ·һЦǻǵһμŷյء
ʱҲûٿЦЦ˵㵣ĸȦԶȱ»⣬㣬Ǳˣİɣܿͻᱻġ
ģŷɵʵ
·һӣм㻹ΪԼһ˧ҪҵĻ϶ǻⲻϣһֱע࣬˰ɣ϶ûϷܿͻᱻġ
ա
ŷ̲ס·һָһﾹȻ˵Լ˧Ҳ̫Բ˰ɡ
ѵһ·壬ŷɫȴͻȻˡ
ãˣˣҪЩ쵰һŷֱ˳ȥ
ο쵽˼飬ڲԶһ¥ϣȻٵʧѧУУʱ֮ڣǲϿˡ
صУȴڴˣȻǳԷˡ
ôˣŷɻʵԼˣ֮֮󣬱һȥΪβͻȻѵӳʲô
Ҫǰˣպ֪ͨģھҪɫ˵
Ļŷһ㶣꾹ȻҪǰˣֲԼ
Уھ߰ɡ
ŷûԥתҪ뿪Ѿ֪ŮˣҪȥ죬ǲҪġ
һ¡ȸһ˳
ֱߵŷߣĸ첲Ц˵ˣɡ
ҲҪȥŷüͷһ塣
ȻˣԼˡȸ˹ŷһۡ
ȸѣŷʶԼһֱһ⣬ھ磬벻ŮˣȫԼ
뵽˵ͷȸʵ㹻ǿҪǿƣУûоǿߣʱ˺ԯݺ֣Ժɨһеˡ
ֻǹŷȴǣԼǽһ֮У̫ˡ
뿪Է𿪳˳


266 ɽ
׺нһ»أԯݺͳŵѾˡ
ȸֵʱһ㶣ȴЦˡ֪ȸݣҽʥĵӣΪھ磬һǿ֡
ԯݺüͷȴ˵ҲһŮ˸š
㿴Ůˣȸüͷԯݺдһɵ⡣
ǡԯݺֱӣûΪȸòа̡
նȻȸͻȻЦһйУȻֱԯݺ֡
ǿŷԯݺɫ
˵ѡ
һƳȸײһԯݺɫ΢΢һ䣬˺üײȻȸһԯݺɫ
ˡȸһĨм
ԯݺҪŷվ˳Ŀԯϲģǰ۸ţǲǣ
˶ţۿҪˣŸϽ꣬һЦ˵侲һ㣬Ƕѣǵˣĵꡣ
ǰڸڧһôûУӦһ¶⡣ԷҲЦе˵ȸһĨ졣
ˣʱˣǳɡҲڣת˵ע
ԯݺû˵ֻջƣ󲽿ɻͣĵطȥ
ƨȸƲƲ죬ԯݺûкøС
֮£ϲŷԸȻܶʱһЩǾԲԯݺһС
ŲģװB̫ˣ岻áŷЦ˵һ㶼ԯݺ
ԯݺһͣȻӣ˭ܹоԯݺϴĺ⡣
Ҳôá
ȸֹһȻĿת򳽾ţϴͷأôû꿪ûǿǾԯҲ
ڳϴȸûһ˿˼ֱӳƺΪͷó̲סЦһ
͵ϴѾǱߵˣ͵ǹȥء
ŷŵͷ볽һȥ˷ɻ
ɻɣܳʱĺУǵĿĵء
һƬɽ֪߼ʡ·ǲĹľʱвӥ𣬲ա
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꾹Ȼֲ޷ֹЩӿŷ̲ס˵
һΣ˺ܶǿߣкö˿콾˵ԯݺᣬǧҪ⣬һҪС£Ҳˣϴ棬ȥɡŸ룬ɫء
˶һۣЦһǵ츳Ժɨڵ콾κˣǶԼ޵еġ
˴ӷɻֱֱȻڵ档һȺΧ˹Ϊ׵һһͷɫͷꡣ
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ˣΪδǵפأʣ磬ڼ˵ϣȴһĨ塣
õǻֳȻǿߵУͨõԡ

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ߣһͻȻվ˳ס꣬ԳԷ˵Уھ뿪
άᣬ㡭
Ǹֹ֣߰ĻɨһԼĻ飬˵ߡ
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ʶࡣԷЦԵı֣ίʵùŷȻЩĿɿڴ
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ǸɫѿתҪȴߵסɭȻĿ˳Էһۣ˵һȴûܹ
ߵĻ֮󣬿˵Գ˺⣬Ȼ⡣
ҪҪɱǣͻȻʵ
Уְɣʡĳʲôʣɱ˵ԯݺҲڡ
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һ£ȲҪ֣ҵϴ˵ʱ򣬷ȸΪ侲Ѽˣһ·ɻ㶯֡
ȸܣҸоΧв˿ǣҪ籩¶ʵóΪʸ֮ġ
ɫһݣôһоȻְвٿӵˡк䣬ɨΧһ
ƺЩǵоԷȻֻ⣬Ѫڣ˻ܵ˲Ĵˡ


267 ɽ޼
ֻһ۹⣬˱ܣ֪һȺ˲ǡ
ߣҳϴ󡣡ǿߣɫȴÿԼܹܵвʵһЩ޵һľĸо
䡣
Զһ죬սħӰڰƽأǷĽ֣ڼҲɱ
һƵ׹˸ͬһ㣬ƿֲ졣
һһԽ׵Ĺɫ£׵ʥзܹ˺һ㡣
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ǳϴǸ˭ȻܺͳϴزԷ𾪺ɫ쳣𾪡
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ӲǳԷˣŷǶˡҪ֪ǿһ򿴲͢һ´̣ǽ͢ǿߣȻͳϴزųƽ͢һ˵Ľ̻ʣǶô
ѵܱȳϴ뵽˶Щš
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ϴһඥһˡ
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ϴֱվ𿪣˼˵ʲôĹҲҪ
û뵽㾹Ȼⶼ֪治֪ǳǸʲôԵġɽ޼һӵı顣
Ŀ˹ŷһۣƲƲ˵㿴Щǿ˵㣬ǿֽӣΪƾܹȡԯ㿴ڱ⼸Сһǿöࡣ
ŷ˵ɫһͣɽ޼дһĨΣա
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ˣȻܺ͹ŷһȻ
ˣߵ𣬺ɨͬڱԼүүôӣء
Ȼŷͬʱˡ
һֱ֣ӶǿĹɽ޼
ɽ޼û뵽СԼצӣ⧲ֻܱܵıһڵ赲㱻˽ʵʵĺϡ


268 ɪ
ɽ޼˳ȥײ˼ôͣǱ˼㣬ȴûܵ˺
ŷһЦݣɽ޼ʱˣһȺ쵰СһҪúýѵǡ
ɫ䣬˹ŷ缸˶ʱɫһ䣬ԥĶ㵽˳ϴ
ǣˡŷĳϴļЦ˵
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ϴ̲סЦһվɽ޼˵ˣˣһˣͼ棬㻹
ɽ޼ɫˣųϴŭҲǽ棬Һ棬ȥһҾԭ㡣
ϴЦĸˣ֪һ˼ҹŷǵ鷳Ǽ٣Ҫȴġ
ܿԣڣȵһεȥ֮ʮϴ˵
ɽ޼ɫһϲϵıȫĵ˵УȻҾͲҼСѵ鷳ˡ
ĿѾˣɽ޼ԹŷǶı˳ƺֱСѳƺˡ
ŷϾȵı飬ϴû˵ΪԼܹ쵰ǹģҪҸɣҴһ
˻һŷ¶Ȼɫɽ޼ǺͳϴһĴڣȻ͵ϮҲôǱϴôһͣǵǶס
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ϸĴһɽ޼ԵЩȣУǿز˺٣һ𣿡
졣
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쿴˹ŷһۣû˵
ɽ޼Щ֣ȴûжʣͻȻһӣһȳУȻֱȥ
ϲģҳԵġԷֱˣɽ޼ȣǴչιȥġ
㣬һԷɽ޼Էһۡ
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ٷ֮ʮļʵƵҩʲôþȵģһҵũɽҾܹƳ쵤Ӱٷ֮ʮļʡɽ޼ƲƲ죬ڳϴľȺܲм
˿ЦͻƵ𾳽磬ɹʲٷ֮ʮǷ쵤һʣֽԲͬġ
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һȺ໥ʶ
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Ǵ˵˻ʺߣȻԼǰɢŻ֮
ǸʱɪСӿϲ˵츳ǳԺɪλļ̳ߡϴ͡
ûлˡɽЦһɱ䡣
ССģҲƻĻϣˡԯݺᣬһħһ㣬ӶڶԷϣ콣˹ȥ
ߡ
һһ˫ӽ˸סˣһ㶼ʾ
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½˸ش˵еĴڣŷ˻ŮɨѶƬɽ
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һȺɮǲ죬ռһط쳣
ʲôţˣôûпĵǿߣŷüʵ
ѹĶںģֻϣһΣĵЩνŴɣҪ˲źáϴЩ˵


269 ҹɱ
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ɽ޼ɫһ䣬ЦõԺˣھ˵˵ЦһվҪ֡
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ղǲɱҲˡŷɫĮ
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Ƿ˹ŷ磬ȴҳ֣гϴɽ޼¼˸ֱӴùͷ
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ϴɫһͻȻڣ㸸ĸ鲻ҪģֻȥһطԲ£ЩСҲõģǼϼһﻤ㣬ûܹ˵㡣
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˵ͷҹ֮󣬹ŷȸ˯һ񣬼
ͻȻɫ΢΢һֱ·ĵĴϡ
һ΢Ĳŷ֣һȭǰȥ
˲ҽһµѪ뿪
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ŷһָ뵶ײһ𣬺ڰеǸ˻һѪ뿪
ͬʱһɹ٣ڹŷϣҪĲŤϡ
ŷУӼ䣬һطȥ콣һ㣬մȥ
Ǳߴһʹƽ


270 װ
ûгǸܵȴģв˲ŷ硣
һĵΧɳɳһȺΧ˹óϴǲһ
ǲ¶ߣǵƤҪҧƣֱСȴǳ˶ģԸӴ
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˵ǻ˵ʵ̫ˣֲĸоɱΣܶǿߣǡ
࣬ٶĵˣǶҪġŷ˵§ȸ档
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һȺɢȥĳϴƲƲ죬׵˯˹ȥ
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ϴĻĵһۣܵСӵݼ̫ҪñһЩ˵Ϲˡ
УܹңԼļıãһǿ߻ˣ˵ȥšŷƲƲ죬Ҳ
һߵȸüͷ˵Ϲһͳϴüȥʲôѵ֮м飿
һɵӣڳ˶ԾŴ͡
ԯݺɽտ˹ŷһۣԶףƲ͹ŷĹϵ


271 ɫ
ŷɫڣû˵ϲǡ
ԳϴʲôȸһԻ󲻽⡣
ɽ޼ͻȻһȻӣԶ볽ϴüףһĿڵԭһϲˣ˵ôôûпϼһŮˣԭԭҺ˼һǣĶ֣ջסˡ
ϴĿɿڴⶼĸģЩһı飬һ㱩ˡ
쵰˵ʲôɢһɿֲƣҪһһ㣬ڵأĤλ
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ЩҪϴˣҲһĿɿڴԼûгɹ
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˶˹ȥŷȴûżں档
ԯô׵õģͲԯˡɪ͢ŷȺܶǿҲں棬ǲż

һҽдǰը飬ڷ
һͷɫ˹ɣɽǰ棬ɱһиҿߡ
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˵һǸоǿȴû뵽ܹǿزһ𶼵סһУ˭ܴ
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һĻñܶҪȥǿߵһԼԥһ£Ȼղ˾Լˡ
ʱ䣬ͣ̽ɫɱϰЩУĶǾ磬涼Գһˡ
ɫϵϢԽԽ꣬ȻЩСŪˡѪӺ˸⣬ɨˣĵֱð
ϴ󣬸óˡһɪֱ˹ϴ󿪿ڡ
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һȺǿΧ£ȴϴ
֡кһϴ󿪿ڡ
ʮλǿߣлгϴǿߣɫƽ
ɫԾ쵽ΣգϢӿˣһ˫ѪɫӵԼһȺˣĳХ


272 Ĺ
ϴվû֣˵֪˵ȥ
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273 Ůװ
ҲǣôأȻ꿪Ϳ϶һ·ģҵһ㶼ġŷЦ˵ʮġ
ֻ·Ǹáȸɫأֹ۲
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274 ζԴ
ɶˣǸ߲ɵĹȥܹ챮ȷĿ꣬ȥ
һ·˲ˣ󲿷ֶǵֻ֣һ䵱ĵʿ磬˵С
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275 ɱ
Ҫ⣬һ˲ǿߣҡԯݺῪڣɫȻ
ȫСˣһɱһŷƲƲ죬м˵
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ꪴ̹ſֲȻ˶ҪСӦԣᱻԴ
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һ˻֮ڳ˳϶ˣ𾪵һӱ׹ŴսĿ¡ǾǿߣҲδظұ֤ԼȫսУ˵ʵС˼㡣
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µĲǣȺһŷŭŬ죬˳ָķȥ׵վжһͭɢžǿϢ
ĴһʵȻ۷ĴڣδǵĶ֡һʮ𣬵ǰ·˲ҽӽ
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ǿ²Ըʱ䡣ԯݺɫͻȻһ䡣
ʮһͬʱˣʮɱ񣬴ɱ˹


276 ն
˺ԥȥûЩϵʿȺУʮǿĹŴսֹ
ҲһĻһɫ䡣
ʮսӦöھ磬սǿκԣҲֻ
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һħ꣬һѳӶϰٵʿɱ
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һѪɫ꣬ݺٶȿ쵽˼㣬ɱЩʿᣬȻһѪ塣
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̰ǵһزԹñˣֻܹԼ̫̰ˡҡҡͷȰԼʦá
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ĻһĨɱòԶЩһԯݺ˾衣
սȫɱѾǺĹϵʱпܱս
뵽תߣͣ
ʱֻоǰһڣѾʧԭء
ٴܿʱ˶һİĵط
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ڴʱһȺɴŮӳ֣գһȺӴ칬
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ȵ壬ӵž˵ĵԣһ紫
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277 Χ
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ŷЦֱ۳̫ͼҶظȥ˶һ˲䱻ɱǰâһһ޴Żǰ
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ʱɽպԯݺһǰɫƽ˸ղڵƬУȴһƬʺ죬Ȼ˺͹ŷһľٶ
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ҵĴս˶֣ߵ˴սֹǰ
ŷѪӲƴһǣϽһӰһ⣬ղĵط˹ȥ
޵ǿҲˣѪǿһɱҪɱ
ԯݺҲܵµعһǱߣ˿ֲһԯݺǸߣһ깥˹壬̫Ҫҫۣԯݺչɱ
ԯݺɫᣬӲƴһͬʱˡ
ͬʱȸҲһΧ
һǿΪǿв˶ͬһ˼Ҫڵһʱɱǣ󻼡
ԯݺƽɫڷŭˣХһݺǸͷоһķɡɫһ䣬սҪ˿ȴԯݺ׷ϣֱֵɨǸĲӡ
ͷ­˳ȥȲʣ۾ɵôġ
һ콾пʶǿߣɱˣڷ
˾㤣붯ֵˣʱҲ˿Զԯݺᡣ
ŷɫᣬͻȻһգһӰ˳ŷץϣһֱӽԷ˺ˡ
޵ǿѪ겻ҵԼٶԶɫ֡
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һСɽϣɫĹԾ춯أһѴƯɽۣɢѹü˾ٲά衣
ܼѵģ˲ŵϰɽǿѹѾöɶ߲ˡ
ֻйŷ硢ԯݺǶһۣüͷ΢΢
ȥȡ棬ʡһ᲻۵˹鷳ŷ翪ڣڷ񹭡
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񱩵Ľ˺Ѳ񷣬Ǹߵϣֱӽ롣һĻ˶о㤣߲һ𣬶һǿߣͬԯ޵ǿߣԯĽ£ȴһжס㱻ʬˡ
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ŷϾǹŷ磬ֻ΢΢һ£㽫Щ뷨Ժ˦˳ȥסС֣ʾԼȨ
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һߵԯ޵жȥˣ̲ס˵ϲڸʲôЦôˡ
㲻ϴҡͷ
ǿΧۣȽɽ޼Ҳ̬Ȼһ㲻ҵı顣
ԯ޵ɫһ˵ҿǲΡ
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˻ûзӦԯ޵бˣֱ뿪
֮󣬵˳ֵʱ򣬳ϴɽ޼ףԯ޵һ˺ûС
࿴ԯ޵едһĨ죬һ˿ɵ
ǳˡԯ޵ͻȻڣü˻һ
ͬʱּǰɽбһӵĴ󶦣ٺɵЦš
ȸȻûκζǻϢȴǿˣԼ䣬Ѿﵽ˾۷ľ硣
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ȸȴ˵ֱһŽŷ˳ȥ
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࿴һ۱߳ԶĹŷ磬ȻĿɿڴУ˵ͷ
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ݺݵİ˹ŷһۣȸ͹˵
ȻһͬԵĳ֣ùཡ̸˲٣ȸвʱ¶Ȼɫ
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ΪҲŽҪﵽ۷ˡ
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ŷӣƵ˵£һطûм

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Ҫ˵ôϻҵ׷ʲô飿Ϊʲôǻᱻץôáŷ˵
绰Ǳ信Ц˵ΪûȥԷ̫ǿˣֻһǰеʹͷˡ
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绰Ǳߵһ㶣˵֪壬ôˣ
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סˣɫ䣬ֱӴӷ˳ȥ󺰵ҳ
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284 
ɫ䣬𣬺ҷˣˣΪʲôȥǹŷ磿
һ㶣üͷһ壬û˵˵ʲôأʲôŷҶʶôȥأֶ㲻Ҫûºòã֪ҿ˵ȥ˰ɡ
ûŷô˵Ҫɱ㣬С֮ģ㣬ΪãŷҪɱˣûܵסɫ
һ𣬵һܱ۵ˣԲ򵥡
ȴԸԼֶǰͷЦһ˵ûеǵôҾͲˣ˸Ҷҵˡ
׳ա
һЦ˵ýȻŷĶˣʮɱģڱ˵УҲǿ󣬵Ҹҿ϶ûзڹŷС
һ㶣Ȼû뵽ԾȻԹŷôߵۡ
ӴǣⲻսĴӳôһԺ棬ɶʱôˡ
һûлͷѾ֪˭ˡ
󲮣ں̸һЩ飬òҪ֡԰Ե˵ɫһӾͳȥ
в𣿡ԵĴһĸߴӣֻòԵЩᡣ
һ˫ӶԵϣ۾һɿ̹ĵĺ⡣
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𾪣׼ҶˣȻվڹŷһߵġ
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285 ȳ
ŮûйӣҲˡȴ뿪ȥԼҵүȥˡ
ԵĻԲţĻȴܲţλһֱҲȷʾ⵵飬ףˡ
үѾʮȴȻܾĻûʲôʾֻǵ˵һ䣺ԼŪ飬Լȥ
ɵˣүǰ˲飬ֻеɵĵ˵ʱүӲŻ־ĳˣȡҵʧС
֣㲻һҪҰ𺰵ֱӹĺˣеүӣܣ֪ŷҲǾ̫ɵˡ
ҴһСүӿڣдһĨΡ
ҴһУǲβıǴıΪһЩ棬ԷһЩ׽ˣŮҲ⡣
Ĺ֪үһʲôô󶼲УһҶûˡ
ӣһĨۣĹ⣬ܹۡ̾ϢһѵŷǿƣУҪҪ飬Ҫŷнˡ
ŷнˡ߶ţ۾үӿһͷ˵ллְ֡
뿪뿪ıӰɫЩӣ̾Ϣһܲӹһ٣ͿԼ컯ˡ
׺Уŷֱӳ˾߿ţڵĵط
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ؼҵģߡŷ˹ȥһѽסȥֵطһ̶Ǵ
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信Цһ˵ֵҪùˣŷҪѵǡ
ʲôɫ䣬Ͻ磬ֹŷ磬Ȼ׺оҪˡ
信ӣƵ˵ӣҲ̫ˣŷҪʲôס𣿿ǼȻ۸ãӦܵһЩѵˡ˵信һ⡣
ñ۸һѣ信ķŭȹŷ٣ԼڹŷȻҪ֣ûֹɡ
ΪˣѪΣ信Ҳһɷ򣬿Ϊ˶ս¡뵽信Ц˵ȥæʰо֡
߳˱뿪
ǿ信뿪ʱı飬֪϶ʰоô򵥣º͵ĸ磬ΪԼõ飬ڷŭĳˡ


286 
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Ϣ֮ʶŷĿ£һħɱ˲գۣںʲô
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׳գҶᣬһ㶼ᣬƾʲôҶƾҸ߳һ𣿡ŷЩŭˣѾ֣ԷȻǲ֪ô
뵽ɫ
һѪֱ֣ӳ˹ɫ䣬ֲҪסŷĹ
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˰һ˹ȥ
ŷϴһ绰˻ҪҪҪĻҰιˡ


287 
źһӳ֮󣬷ڱˣǿЦһɶҲû˵ֱӽŷε˴ˡ
𾪣Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ŷ׺еʱ򣬲磬²Ѿ嵽˾ܹܾǿߣٶȣˡ
˵ˣǣȥɡŷЦ˵

ȸŭĿӣӺͽȴɫ죬ǿɻǹŷš
Ӧˣ̫ˡŷЦֱӳˮУһѽȸͳ˷䡣
ɫǽ򡣡ɫͨ˵
ҪʲôɻʵͬһŰֽ֪е顣
ٻ˷һۣЦ˵أǼӾ̫࣬ڳļŮȸ֮⣬ǻƻŮ˵飬˼˵ڡ
Ŷ
Ŷһûʣֻһ˫ӷǳ档ЩĲɣûжã¶һĨ죬֪ʲôԭ
ȴףԹʵҪ֪ŷڷʲôֱ̫ˣ϶˶ȥ̽ˣŪԼĺϼ档
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ֶӣľ͵Ը⿴ұɱܲ𣿡˵Ȼûһ˿յİԵǿơ
ʵŷǿֻҪֱ˭ҲסԼ
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ͻȻһüͷ˵壬ʲô𣿡
ɫ죬һĨŭΪо֪ԷڱԼ
ֶӣûа취ˣҲ㣬үү棬ͰȥɣԺһúñġ𿪿ڣҪ޳ˣڵϿͷԿЦá
̾һε˵Ҳ㣬ǰﲻ㣬ŷľܸģңҲı⡣
ԵĻˣԲѣ̲ס˵ʲôƨѡ
˻һԲȻɫͻȻһźݺݵ˳ȥ߳Զŭ㻹ô˵˭òԣΪѣԼҵȴȥѵŮˣͷһҪȥ飬㲻ÿЦ𣿡
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СģȥɣҪΪѰԶˡת뿪
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ȸһ֡
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ҹһս֮Ů˳˯ȥŷȴ·ֱӴӴ˳ȥ
ǰһֱôʱ䣬ѵ᲻˼𣿡ŷһطʡ


288 ĸ
վһŮˣһȹҹ紵һ㡣ŷ翴̲֮סһ
һòɵŮˣȻʮͷȴһµĳȻʵ䣬ͱϲһ
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Ļüͷ壬õ˵Ū飬һɸҵ档
׷߲٣ܶ˱ĲãֻΪ˺ӴѾʤˡеڽɳȥˣȻԺӦԺһУǰŮȻҲȴȱ顣
ȻܵĲãСһЩŵ˵ھȥĽӴ˵
ʱһЦҵ׺ţôϹҲˣ
һİڰ칫ſڣСһϽ˵˭˭ģϽ뿪
֣ꡣ
ȴЦеץס֣Ȼһ£Сһ
ɰһ䣬ɿС֣Ȼ˽
С黹ֹȴ𾪵һĻƽʱɽ񣬾Ȼվ˽ǸĻһĻСɵҲ֪ǰ겻򵥣ܾܿǴ˵ϰˡ
ŵ˳ȥŸˡ
˼ǣıס꣬ҪԼڽһ
һΪ㲻ҪءǹɵĻУӵɳϣĵ˵
ǹŷ磬ĻһЦôܣôƯŮˣҿɲԸŹ㶼ӳҵģҪһҵСŮˡ
ŷĻܰԵȴãΪ黰һ
ͻȻһЦ͹ŷ˵
Źŷ칫ҵһǰţһҳ˵ǰһŴ󴲼ռң滹ϴ䡣
ŷ۾ʱֱˣ֪Ů˾ΪԼ׼ġ
ϲ𣿡˵һ䣬Ҳ˺ܴľˣڽԼԼǰˡ
ɵŮˣȻϲŷһѽŴ׵Ĵ


289 ּ
һ飬ڹŷĻУϵļ˾Ķǵķۺɫһ㣬ŷǿƳ׵
ˡ
ŵüͷһ£ЩǸŷ˵ԲϹŮģ̫£һỻġ
ŷȴҡҡͷûҪв׵ĵطúõĽһ¾ͿˣûбҪΪһŮӵǰ;
ŷô˵жһЦϹ
ǣҲϹ˭ŷ˵̲סЦ˳
Ҫˣ˵ĶԻ϶Ŀɿڴ˵еѪ٣ȻҲܱ˵»ûкˣ
ˣ𴲰ɣ浽׷ʲô顣ŷһΣһ̲סһ
˿жˮ⣬˹ŷһۣùŷٴ߻
סĳ嶯Ѹٴ·˳ȥһְҵװ㷢ɢϴһĨĶǵĺΣĿѣ
ɡɫ񿪿ڡ
ŷɳ棬űƿղǸСһŵ˽һˣлһʻ
ɳϵĹŷʱ򣬻һģ̲סɫһ䣬һâ
εĺܺã˹ŷ磬ûз֡
ϵĴЦݣеʻȥһֿ˵Ϊ㾫ϸѡõ廨ԸԶЩһԶˡ
û˵ֻǿ˹ŷһۣ¹ŷᡣ
ŷͻȻߵ˵ߣһѽõ廨˹Ц˵ллͻţ⻨ˣˡ
˻һ̲סɫ䡣
Źŷ磬ʵô֪ʲôʱϹˣСӣҪЩܹȾָġ
Ļ䣬вҩζʮ㡣
ɫһ䣬˵ʲô˼һ𣿡
Ļһ˵ڣɫһ䣬ʶԼ˵ˣǰʶЩŮˣһŮǿˣԲ̱˽ԼһƷ
뵽ܵ˾Ҫڽ͡
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻһƳ˳ȥֱӳ˵ϣһ
ҴңܲȻɫŷŭ
ӦǹŷĽţֱӡϣ߷һͷ
ܿ־Źŷ磬Թȴ˵ˡǰںݣٿڣһٶ
ʵŷ絰۵˵ôһȺˣҸоãȵ֮󣬲ףԭ˭ɵԼġ
ӡһӡӣɫජŹŷ磬Ҫһ
мĿһۣŷ絭˵׳աһȥﻹ˵ţûбҪˣҪκϵ
á
ƴӣֱӿ϶˹ŷĻ
ܻһ˸ź⣬ѾϵһˣȻͱŷŪɢˡ
Ǹ˽ʲô֣׺ݵ۹С飬Сһ
漴ʶ˸Լϰ壬Ҳϰϵˡ뵽Сֱɫһ֪֪Ҳ㣬λȥȻĻҾͽбˡ
ںˣɫ̣һС龹ȻҲҺԼ˵һ㱩ˡ
ݺݵĵСһۣŭúúãȺ쵰ҵš
˽ܣСһͻȻԼ·һȻ˵ܵϣһߴе񰡡
ɵˣһȺ˳˹һĻʱŭԱͬһĳȥһٱᡣ
ú󣬾ˣ˵ٿСһȻӣǺܹϵĽܴˣɽô˵ԼݲҲûá
»ص˾֣Ҹӵţ˶˽۶ԷǶҪץйһһǱû˸Υһʱ䣬׺оķһ˲˼ٱú̲ܶס𾪡
ڹŷˣҵһ͵꣬ٯٯŶ
ϹҲμһô񿪿ڣɫдһĨ
ŷû˿ԥôܾܾأֻȴЩ֣ҪμӵʲôᣬҪ֪Լһа
һʵ࣬ÿһҳǮҲǸԼЩǮж䵽ЩҪУ˵ˡƲƲ죬ԵЩм
ÿ궼ƣǮںܶ฻˵˵һ֡


290 һ
ŷоһЦ˵⵹Ҫʶһˡ
֪ŷӦˣЦĺܿģڽ죬ŷԼ˵ϢȥʡպǲӬһԼ߷Լ
ҹɫ٣ŷ˿ųֱֳ
һֳǣҲСȥŷ񣬸ֱ˽ȥ
ڰ׺УԿԳƵǴĵȦУҲźܸߵĵλܶʶ߽Ͻк
ͷǺ飬Ե쳣߰ЩҲ⣬Ͼĵλĸ߰ǳģ̫ƽ׽ˣŻǵ˾ء
˺Źŷ磬ڲ²ݡȻŷ类٣׺пһ죬ҵȦȴʶ
Ǹ˭ô񡣡Сֹ
֪Ҳıڰɡ˲²⡣
ӵĿһۻشˣʵ˵ϰűڵ𣿡
ɫһ죬ղŲ²ǸҲ֪ԼˣǸ֮䣬ϵԵĲ򵥣ôǱء
˵񱳺վһǳǿƵˣǸ˺³صϵĿ׼һи߼Ҷйϵò˵ľɣ뵽֮ǰĴţ²˵
˻һ˲˵ͬܶҲô²⣬ùŷǸ
ӱ˵Ŀ⣬棬һطڳ˶˾ܿûн̸˭Ҳûɵùȥк
ֻ˿ŷж˺棬˵˭
һ׵߽֮󣬽˶һŷ綼Щˣ˲ǱˣǸʲôܡ
ֻڵȴùŷǳ⣬ֻ˶ԷһŶѣӦûôذɡ
֪飬ǸС飬ȻʹһУܿӵĹǺ
죬ôˣһͽܱȽϤ˹ȥ̲סʵ
Ҳ˹ŷˣɭȻĿһۣ۵ĶˣûϵҲҪùˡ
˳ŽĿ⣬Ǹ˿͹ŷ磬ʱ̲סɫһ䣬û뵽쾹Ȼ˳ͻ
ҪȰ⽭죬ԹǸĬĬ߿ˣɲ档
Ǹһۣһ󲽽˴С
ܶǰкʾãϾ˶ĳǺͻˡ
ŷֱӽ죬˵Զв÷ϡ
ʱƣһ˳һ貵һ˵Ŀ⡣
ŷ磬̲סʣʵ̫˧ˣòµĵزԵĻˮ
˭ŷʵϣܵһɲϢ겻ͨˡ
μҵĹԪΣһЩҵȴƹʽΪԼһˣȴܶ˵ɵӡΪŷ͡
ĻԪνĿͶ˹ʱ۾һ¶һĨ̾ɫ
ιã˽죬ܸ￴ǰҪԪ׽ԪֻĿһۣȻ㽫ĿתƵŷ
ֱƲ죬ŷ˹
һĻýɫ࣬ȴҷԪαǿ̫ˣ켴ʹţҲҶԪηƢ
һߣͷ
Ԫߵ˹ŷߣʵλҿ𣿡
ĿһۣŷָָԶһλû˵ûǱпλãǱȥ
Ԫһ㶣Һôˣû
һĨÿЦݣԪµĶŹŷ磬Ц˵ǱûĴڣҾȤ
ʱŴսŷĶߣС˵˵ԪϲˣҲµĲĻǿˡ
ŷʱջһû뵽ƯĹֵˣȻһУҿӣ񻹿Լ
뵽һ㼦Ƥ񣬹ŷû˵ûз֮ǰϽ뿪ҵǰȻǶ⣬Ҳ㡣
˻һԪϵЦʧˣ𾪵Źŷ磬һۿԼΪˣھС
Цʵ˭
ŷûǵ˵ʱ䣬
һûкԪתߣһµǿߣ˵ĻͬóȥˮԲջصģɲûһֲǿԼ
Ŀ⣬ȴûдӹŷתԪεУԹŷӸȤˡ


291 
쿴ԪڹŷԱ񣬶ʱиˡùŷˣԪεǿ磬ŷ϶кý
뵽ٴοԪΡ
ιӣǸرţĿˣղԾûнУǧѽսԪΣֱӿ˵
ԪɻĿ˽һۣ˵˭
Ļһ˵ڣ㱻òƸղŽܹԼòáҲףԪεĵλȷʵûбҪԼĸܡ
ǿһĨЦݣ˵˽죬ƼĶ³ҡ
û˵÷ܲÿԪüͷû˵
һ鶯ǿеŭ˵ιӣͬ飬ǸҲҵĵˣǿ
ָָŷ磬һı顣
ȴûз֣Ԫεɫһ˲úѿôľ룬ԹŷΪҪǵ̸ǲء
ǹŷԼĺͽʲôԼֽ֣ж㣬Ԫ붼롣
ұ죬˵ҾӳȥԪͻȻɫһ壬ɭȻĶڽϣһɷ֣ýһ¡
û뵽ԪλͻȻ쭣Ԫһŭɫʲô˵ˣĶ㵽һȥˡ
жڹŷĺ⣬ȴӵˡһжڹŷϣǸŷĻ϶Щ
ʱƣмŮ˽ˣǿʮͷϸȴܹ֣ǵʵԲֹЩ
֮ЩŮ̲ס۾һֱӾ˹
ǿڿһϡ
ܣҲˣ⼸첻ǷǳһŮ˿ڣһĨЦ
˹ŷһۣЩȵ˵λǣ
Ϲŷش𣬵Լݡ
¶ϲɫû뵽ŷԼݡ
Ů˵ɴ۾˼ĿһۣŶżЦ˵ܺøλһ֪ǷˣɲŮòһԡ
ЩŮ˶ǹ󸾣۽ëǿյģο˼ȻҪ˵ĵĻ
һۣȻЦ֪λ˼һפյмλλõġ
Ů¶ϲɫǶһۣ֪ĿѾˡҲͣŷȻ˴š
һȺ󸹱˽ʽʼ
˲ǱˣԪΡ
˹ŷһۣùŷһ񺮣ԪβſڣȣҪӭƶĸλ쵼μһδΪһδļ֤ߺִߡ
һȺƣȴЩ̡
ƶΣΪҼ򵥽һδˡԪϴ΢Цʾֵһ쵼̨
͹棬һװ̨ȥԪε˵ͷſ˵ĿģΪ˰ҵѼ壬ұ֤Ｏʽ𣬶ϰյϣҼල
һԴǵӣǺɡ֪ˣɵƲƲ죬ΣǷƶ棬ÿһζдʽ𣬱̣ܵЩƶϵģֻǺٵһ㡣
ŷ翴һۣͻȻ˵ôල
ͻأͻȻһ㶡üͷֻ˵һЩ滰ȴû뵽ʳ⡣
ηӦܿ죬΢΢һЦλСֵҪôල
ǰ׳հɡŷ粻м˵ŶԷЦҪ֪Ļõ㣬ǲ֪òã
㡭ɫһ䣬׳գ⻹ǵһΡ
쳣ŭҪ
ʱԪͻȻվ˳ЦŴԲβҪλҲǹʽ÷棬᲻ֲʵĵطֻ˵һ㣬ûжġ
ôһ˵ɫÿ˲٣ԪεҪġĿ˹ŷһۣ
˭ܹˡ
ֻĿŹŷ磬֪εĵϸģȻֻǷƶΣ׺£οǷǳԵĿģ𾪡
ҵ㻹ûлشأŷ粻˵ǰһ̣ժһѣŷͶ˹ȥ
εĶͷһĻ˶סˣŷг˹Ź֡ʱɵӶܹоŷ粢ͷ࣬ǹ鷳ġ
εǱ죬Ȼ࣬ɺɫ˫˸ŭŹŷ磬һҪģ


292 
ͻȻİŭء
һȺ˽Ρ
ָָŷ磬ŭҵˣҺȥĻڷԴĵһΣԴ˷ƶ֮ߵǶǹġ
һȺû̶֣ǽĿԪΡԪεĲҵֻԪε
޶ԣεɫѿԪΣ˵ιӣô
Ԫû˵ֻһ˫ȴͶڹŷϣһĨȤ
ֳһƬأ˶ǿŵˣŷȴһڵӣͣһͽУ˵ĳš
ҲܵȻֻǼŷ첻˵̲סˣκô磬ҪϹȥ𣿡
˻һ˱ɫڳϹŷԼϹúܶԭһ˿ˣʧ䲻ѡˣڲ²ŷݣǺҵĶϱһҶ֪ҾһǿƵļ壬ȻϹѾȥˣҲޡ
ǰϹֻܣһǺͬ£һ㣬ǰѾǿ󵽲ҷˡһעǰ겻ƽܶѾʼдС̣һκ͹ŷ糶Ϲϵ
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ԣ֪ƴҲֻܺϡ
ܣϹҲ̫ԵһɣҲֻ͸һ㱻ŹϹΣҲ̫һȺ˷ˡͻȻڣ
֪ԭϵˣߵɵġ
֧Լ¶һĨЦݣµľԼһ˺ϣĻһôûС
нվͲһˣԽʵȻ񣬵Ҳ̫࣬˺һ𣬵пʵˡ
ûɱǺõˣֻǴһ£ǶˡͻȻЦſڣ˵Ļ˶һ
˶˼Źŷ磬˵ʲôͷȻǿƣ
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ԪоһͻȻ˵֪˭ˣ׺ôˣֻһ
˻һڳ˵ͬʱһƺǾǡ١
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θоԼڼӿ죬Ҳ뵽ֿܣǰǸ˵еĹٵĻˡ
ǿ򶨵ɫ
ҽйŷ硣ŷ絭˵һ䣬һֱ棬ɫɷףɫдһĨǰˣȻǴ˵еĹ١
һۣŷ絭˵Ҳɱ㣬Լ֤ãȻ󽻸ǣͶס
ŷĻοɬһЦ˵ͷȻһ㷴˼ûС׺й٣ڰ׺о죬ûܹӳƿء
ʧǵ뿪ɴ۾ĵˣҲ뿪
ŷ翴һۣû˵ʲôýһȴ֪ԼΪѾˣŷǲὫôǲ񲻻Щʲô
ˣʲôᣬ͵Ϊֹɣÿó˼˼Ǹ̾ͱˣһĴʿǮġŷ翪ڣֱӽˡ
˶ǱҲóʮʮ˼˼ȴŷֱᵽ˶
¶۵ɫ˵ҲһСĿ
ôװ׵˳˭ҪۣοǰһȺǮñҪҪļһ
ŷ緢ȴû˸Ҳ˼ʹۣҲֻЦݵĽǮ˳
򡣡ŷ翴Ԫһۣ˵
ΪʲôԪһ㶡
ǳֻǲûͷûԡ
Ϊҿ㲻ˬ㹻𣿡ŷ˱ȭͷɭɭ˵
㹻ˣԪҲʹ죬ֱǩһ֧Ʊݸ˹ŷ硣
ˣ˼ĺϲ㣬㽻ԪͻȻ˵ŷд⡣
ŷ籾Щı齩סˣһȻֱһ˳ȥ
һ죬Ԫη˳ȥֱײһǽڣ۵죬һʱ
ޡݺݵһڿˮŷԪα˸ָҪ㣬ȻһδһΡ
һЦ뿪ԪγԵŹŷıӰһģ૵˵˼һϲ˼ҵġ
߲ԶĹŷ磬ͻȻĴһսǿסͷɵǸ̬һĳ嶯뿪


293 ٱ׳
İˡ߳Զ񻹿ֱЦ
ŷ翪ųͻȻתһѽ§˹Ȼ׼ĺ촽ݺݵȥ
ϲǣ˵ľջûʲôȤһʹǣŷٺЦ
٣ɫͨ죬˿˹ŷһۣ˵ȥҼҰɡ
ãȥһõطŷаЦ
ӿ쳵٣һ˵ĵضΣͣ
ȵУŷ˹ȥ
ҡʱĴѹֲסҹУһ˫ӵڳ棬ȫ޾į
һ飬ŷڳ棬бСֵܻ档ڹŷϣֱ۶̧һ¡
𣿡ŷаЦ㷢һӡ
һۣå
Ҿåһ¸㿴ŷЦҪ˶ŮˣʧɫϽҡͷҲˣԺɣʵܲˡ
ȷʵˣŷЦһ§ڻУ˾
˺ܴһᣬŷͻȻڣҺҪȥһˣȥ𣿡
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ǾˣԺеǻᣬҼǵļھǰɣŷЦ˵
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ŷǿ˼ЦЦ˵İɣԺеǻᣬҵŮˣҿ϶Ͽҵġ
¶жɫڹŷĴһڣȻĻС
ֱ춼Ѿˣ˲Ŵ·뿪ŷ罫͵棬Ϣһ죬Լֱסĵط
סĵطȴûˣ绰һʲ֪Ͷףҹȥæȥˡ
ƵԴŷûȥǣ֪ʱǿ϶ԸԼæӵǣžһдš
룬ֱļңŮˣǺܾûмˣҹŷΪ׼һפյûнء
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Сӣ飬òҪܣϽҹԶ㡣һɭɭһ꣬ĿɭȻһĨ⡣
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ʱһΪϤ磬ҪߣһδҵҲ
һţŷ翴˹ȥϳԷǸʲô߻һιŷֶΣ˰׳գȴû뵽Ȼˣһܹ鷳ùŷ΢΢һ
ܹκµֶΣҲҪҽУһҪ񴫳еҽ
ŷϵľȣ߻Ц벻ɣұ˰׳գãˣκҵĲڻҪģԹŮк³ġ
ƾ㣿ŷЦ
һȺֵܡ߻˵
ƾŶȻ˾ְת˺ڵͷԣֻû죬£һȺˣڰ׺ٲȻһּͷ
㲻֪˭ŷЦˡ
ӶûãҪ߻˵һߵˣ֡
һȺΧ˹ŷҲ÷ϻֱӳ֡
žһײЩ˵˵ϣֳ˸߻͹ŷ绹վ⣬˶ˡ
ǿ־Źŷ磬ԼʮˣȻһ˲ˣ˵жǲ
߻ϵĵ齩סѵת򣬿ڵϵĻǣͻȻоɭȻĿⶢԼϡ
˵ֱӹ˵ϣŷͷϴҴˣҰɣ飬Ҳˣҵһƨ˰ɡ
Ҳƨġŷĵ˵
߻߽־УһԴ߻ӦŷЦ˵ҿһǸνˣܾܲȵˡ
ɫĮɨһ۵ڵϵĻ죬˵Ҫڵװҹﵷң
ŷϱһɱɱϣɫɷף඼ˡ
ǸͷǿסеĿ־ʵܲһ£λϴ󵽵׻ģ֮ǰҲᡣ
ҽйŷ硣
һۣŷ絭Ķһ仰һ㽫ŴˣȻ˽ȥ
Ǹͷ¶һı飬ŷһ²⣬Լϴ
ԼϴĿмѵ³֣١
һĵЩԼǵʲôˡ


294 һ
ŷ뷿䣬ӭĲӵһ˵
Цãᵯָ˵˳ȥڲԶմվԭأ˵òʱ򣬲žϲغ򡣡
¶˷ܵɫ޵еĽˣͲˡڹŷ磬մһäĿΡ
ԣءŷɨһ۷䣬ûм
һű򿪣һѲ˵һٴеӣŷʱһ£ֱӽ˵ӵͬһ˽˹ŷĻС
ˣ̫ˣղˡЩʵ˵嶼ڲղŽŻˣȺ롣
£Ⱥ쵰ѾҴˣǸ߻Ժ󲻻鷳ˡŷ簲ο
š˵ͷһİӡ
ͻȻ̧ͷԼĺ촽ȥȻԱ߻վԼĵܵܡ
մҲʶȤٺһЦתطȥˡ
˿ཻŷֿɫ죬΢΢ĴϢţ˼㡣ʱʩ죬ȴܾ£һȻǱ֮ٻҲ
ҸһöŷЦ˵ȵУͳפյ
ͬһűʯפյ˸ʵĹƻã˼㡣
פյоЩ죬Ĺ۲һ󣬲̲סһ찡פյ
ϲɫһʱ䣬פյǰ׺ΪŵĻ⣬Ů֮û۹״ص㣬ȻأԲܹڵһʱϳפյ
ֻûԼȻܹõĶ
̫ˣҲҪɫЩſ˵
ŷ¶ɫһͻȻЦˣŮˣԽǽȥԽܹĲһפյֿܹסջŮˣûм
ԵĽפյУŷ˵˵˵פյϹƵģһܹƺܶ࣬㻹᲻Ҫأ
ŷĻ̲ס۾һȻԥפյ档
ǰֵľ޴죬ùŷɴ۾Ц˼ȻֻҪŮˣ޷ֿספյջ
פյ˾޴ı仯ͷǣֱźƤͱ÷ǳãӨ֬һ㡣
Ů˵פյõĻƷһųȥЧ
ܵԼı仯Լķ䣬һǰ棬ۿԼı仯һ˵ףϲסԼˣǳ㷢ڽźеļֱϵŮ·һ㡣
̫ˡ̲ס̾һɫЩ죬Լʵ̫ˡ
ŷӵסЦ˵ò˼ȻģƯŮˡ
ԼŮˣŷԼģ˵ĲǼٻʱԳƵһȾɫ
˵֮һɡ˹ŷһۣĻ΢΢Щ⡣
ŷٺһЦ硣ӵŮڼŮ˲̫ƽĳЩ棬ŷ粻硣
Ů˰Դףŷ練ˣǶԷںԼı֡
ˣҿҪٵˣҪϰࡣһʱ䣬ͻȻղűȺŵģҪϰˣһʱ䣬֪ԼҪٵˡ
ٵ˾Ͳȥˣϰ绰˵˵ġŷƲƲ죬˵
һģ˳ҪҪһȥǣҪȥϰˣļƻˡ
УҲΪϰĹϵͶԹΣҪȥϰࡣԴǣڹһˡ
Ȼоļᶨŷʼ磬ûǿ󣬲ȥǵ뷨ҪҪͬС
һŵ˵ͷҽȥϰ١
ܻҪмͬСŷԥһ£˵仰
˹ŷһۣȻ˼û˵֪֪ССС㶼ˣЩšʲôȻ
ŷٺһЦһӣûз꣬ǵ⡣мˣܹһŮˣĵñ˳Դס
մϼ֮Ӷɳˣڰսŷ磬Ҫһפյ
ŮˣУֱӾ쵽ԼܵܵĲԾ
ɫһ죬մЩ˼ǵ˵ͷ
ɫٲȻһҳӣҺӾǻǹĿ
ԼɫһմϸϽͷ


295 粺
͵˾ŷһˣ֮£ֻлѧУ
ƽȵ·ʻţŷͻȻɫһǰһСڴԽ·һɫı˳ȥٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ۼɫҪײǸӣŷɫ䣬ֱһת̣׳һߣȻ˳ţԽ˱ٶȣͬһ㽫ӱ
ŷķӦȻܿ죬ǱϾʱ̫ˣûüѾײϣȻ׷˳ȥ
ŷڰŤȵվǸȴֱʻͣһµ뷨ûС
סĳƺţŷ罫ӷ£һٸ˹ıסӣȻͣŷл
ȥɣ⺢˾ţʱˣʹڼһʱ䡣ŷ翴һۺӣǸСɫɷףȻûдӸղŵһĻлع
ٸмĵ˵ͷȻԼ뿪ˡ
ŷصԼĳǰ΢һ£һû£ֻǰ΢΢һ㣬ǲӰܡ
ģǸɫҪ㡣ŷ޺޵˵һ
ų뿪ŷˬˡ
׺ѧ棬һȺѧűɫǲ̸ۣͣǵȴ쵼Ӳ죬ûô֡
粺ѧ̫ˣҵѡ׺ѧΪ粺ѧ㡣һŮ˵
ǰȦӰǣŮϳȦ˫ɣһֱķ˿
ܼ粺ѧһ棬޺ˡһ˵ģ˸Сǣ֮κŮҪȡ
ˡ
ͻȻһдһɫıͣѧУſڡ
߳һŮˣģÿԵЩ̱ɫ˹վ˳ſڣסҪӿѧǡ
һֻ˳Ө˸ŹѧǼվǰĹԴͽٻһۣԿԷеĿЦû뵽粺ѧеӰȻô
ۼеѧΧ˹ȥһȵӣЩʧأЩģֹһɫĳӳ˹һˣǹŷ硣
ŷһ۾ͿǸɫüͷһ壬ϴһĨЦֱ˹ȥ
ǰȵȺŷǿ˽ȥЩŷ粦˱Ҫǵŷ֮󣬹ϵı͡
ǰŷֱһȭڱ棬޴˶һϸǱҳһȭͷСĿӡ
ҹŷغ˶סˡ
ŷһڵӣһӾ;˶ǹŹŷ磬֪Ҫʲô
ǸŮ粺ľһ۾ϳŷ磬һ¹ŷ罫ղŵ鶶§
λʲôɫ࣬ʹŷ硣
һĨЦŷ粻м˵ʲôȵǸղʲô
ڣȥ
üͷһ壬ϽٵȥŷĻὫ˵
ŷȥŷɫһ䣬ϱһɷ˱һ£ʶĺ˼
ǺȻĶŹŷ磬оǰ꣬һˣһˮһ㣬ʱпԼ
ڲıŭǻվʲôҸߡ
ӲͷƤҪŷ綯֡
ס֡һĺٻȺм˹üüͷʵ׷ʲô飿
ߣѧУ쵼粺عĸУǵ۸ģ˵ô£ϣǸҽȻĻߺߡĻǿƣҽķ
õĿһۣᣬٻԵúܲ
˵ҾѧУĸУҪʲôͣ
˻һֵĿɿڴˣǰƯŮˣ֪˵Щʲôˡܹ͵һѧĸУ˵ûıǾԲܵġ
뵽̬Ҫ˵Բŷȴͷˣ˺ǣ
˻һԾ粺ǳǵģûУǸڴͥģһûСֻҪ粺챻Ϣȥķ˿Իģ˵Ǹ˾Բк³
ѧҲв˷ŭ޺޵ĶŹŷ磬󲿷ȴûʲôоȻŷҪǻ粺ݣͲйŷˡ

洫һ̾ϢһŮ˳һŮˣϴһʥʣʥĸһ
ֻǣʱŷȴһ˿ǸΡ
˶׽粺񣬵ʱԭŷ粢ȡ֣֮ķһЩʲô顣


296 
ŷ翴粺죬ɫһ仯ûСǺҲ£ŷŵı׼һ㡣Ȼʲô޵ĸоŷ绹ãŮ˳Ҳô£ȻôϲЩˡ
Ǳ֪ŷ뷨϶̲סߵŮˣһվƾ欣Ȼ뷨
һ˵У粺ɫ˵Ϊˡ
Բ𣬸ղŵ飬ǵĴ粺̾ϢһŹŷǿ⳥ҪǮҶͬ⡣
˻һ˻Ȼ׷ʲô飬粺쾹ȻԸǮ
һ˵Ǯŷɫ
粺ɫһУ޼۵ģýǮ
ĬŷһҪڣʱ򣬽ٻȴһס˹ŷ磬Сʵ׷ʲô飿
粺һۣŷЦûʲô˵飬νӰӽĵһˣ˴°ˡ
ˣˣԺ飬Լ롣ŷƲƲ죬м˵
תߣ粺ɫһҪ׷ȥ
ʱϽһסȻ˵ҵḶ́ͱˣֵò󰡣ҪǱ˷ָղŵ飬ͻˡ
ǣǴ˰粺ЩãȻĿһ֣ӰӾǵľˣ֪òĻˡ
ߣûдǸӣԵ޹ʵܵ·ϣ͸飬ҪΪһ嶯Լǰ̡ĵȰ
һȺ˿ڵһֵֺĸопʼ飬ȴ˲١ͻȻ֣粺첢ûеôղı֣òֲ²⣬Ҳ粺֮ǰһУװġ
ûпʼǣһЩңܶ˿ʼ粺޸ˡо⣬ŷ¼ʱ򣬲֪һʲôˡ
ԭǸѣ˵ôôأ飬ҲѲ˹ϵĲǸˡҧгݣһԹӡ
һߵ粺üͷһ壬̲ס˵ûйϵģǲԡ
졣ͻȻŭһ粺ɫһ
Ĭһᣬ粺̲ס˵ˣ㲻ҪˣѾȥˣǲҪ̫⡣
УһŹǣѾ鵽ǸŷͷǱժ¥¥ϰ壬һǺùġһ⡣
㣬㡭粺̲סҪȰ֪·ģһݣǲԷݵġ
ˣҪ˵ˣͽˣúõϷˡǿƵ˵粺ֱӱ֪͡ʲôʱһ·Լɹľˣôˣݲһ˿ķ
ȻܶʱΪã粺ȴ֣ԽԽʱֻ˼Լ˽Ȼһ¡
뵽粺еķ
һߵһͻȻڣС㣬еˡ
粺̾һ˵˰ɣϾҲΪҺãЩ̫ˣƢһġ
粺ô˵ڻ˵Щʲôͬȴһѣڱûٿڡ
ֻǴпԿǲ
ŷĴϣűƿˣĲѣĪСºͽȡ
˵ıȻ෴ĪСһԸӣȴǳġ
СѾͷֱ˹ŷϣѹϣŷѹĶЩˡЦ˵ŷ磬ڳˣôûм㣬һΪ㲻ҪҺСء
˵ʲôʲôϵĪСû˵
ͷȵ˵˼ˣ⼸ǲͣҶֹ֡
ĪСɫһڣŭȣں˵ʲô
ٺ١
Цû˵ֻĪСȴҪˡ
ÿڹŷǰҪҪߣĪС¿ȫǹġ
ŷʵ§סȵһʹѹ£ĿɿڴĪСһۣ˵ˣҪû£߰ɣ˯һᡣ
˵ŷֱڽز˯˹ȥһĻĪС²һץǰҪŷӽȵ
ȴһƣȻʾĪС뿪ĪСӶɳˣպ޺޵һţ뿪
ЩԵŹŷɵɵһЦȻرı۾͹ŷӵ˯˹ȥ


297 
ʱ򣬷ѾˣŮУһɫˡ
ŷһλѣнٻĪСºīǣ˾ͽˡ
һŷ˵ѽ
˿Цãòá
ʱ򣬽Ҳ˹˯죬ȴһ־˵˿۾ֱˡ
ɺ·˺ݺݵԼһѣתĿ⣬аӣסࡣ
и̾ȹȻΪŮ񼶵Ůκ˶޷ֱӵġ
ǶʲôһԺʵ
ûȫ˯أܵĿ⣬Ȼһ飬ǳ׵˹
ʶԼңǹŷǵġԼ͹ŷ磬һ˯һ磬׽ڴˡ
뵽ʹȵٴҲ̲סɫ

˴ЦȵĿɰǶЦˡ
ˣôŷʵ
˽ٻһۣ϶ǽٻȻĻƽʱŮ벻ᡣ
쵽ôһ£ٻʣ飬ѧУﻮ˺ܳʱģȴû뵽ΪŷԭȴûȡһܺõЧѧУĺܶ쵼
ŷ罫˵һʱôҲû뵽Ȧ粺죬Ȼһˡ
ٻüͷ΢΢壬˵Ҿÿܲ粺ԭľϣʱ䣬Ǹܲãܶ˵ˣƣ粺ĴǵļӣҪĶࡣ
ҲɣûйϵҪٸ飬Ҷǲŷһ⡣
˵ͷͬŷĻϾ˹ŷ˵ҲһСһǵУǶԷȴԵúֱ׳
ȴ֪ڵ뷽跨ĶԸŷ硣
ûΣȥȥɡٻ
ðȥʲôطŷһ޳ɣ;ģŻصѧУ˯ġ
˵׺½һǣͦģȥһ°ɡ۾һԼһϢʱ˵˳
ʲôǣŷüͷһ
˵ǶͶʽģħ֣ǳˣرĴ̼˷ܵ˵ŮɫЩԥҲЩԾԾԡ
ãǾȥǡŷֱİ塣
ںʲôģûĽʬɱһȫǼٹĹǡ
ŷͷˣŮҲûֻĪСֹһЩԸһѪ¼֮󣬶ڹʲôģЩˣȥӴЩʹ֪Ǽٵġ
˼ȻѾͬˣҲ÷ֻøŵͷһ۹ŷ磬ĪСͻȻսС˵һɲҽһ㣿
Ϊʲôŷ練ʣЩ֣Ѿͷһֱ̫ԼôͻȻôˡ
Һ¡ĪС½ҧŴе˵
ŷ翴һۣûȡЦҲûвм˵һߣģڣʲô¡
һĪܰоĪСµĵסûоãŷ羹Ȼ˵ȻĶŷҲͲ١
лл㡣
ĪС˵һĨ۵ЦݣֻԼûʶŷȴĿˣһϲ֪ԼڴĪСµ顣ȻʱĪС£ûȫǹŷȴţʱ䲻̫ˡ
һ³ӣȻġŮ˾һƣҪĵȥƷܺȳζеʱ䡣
һˣ˼˹ǡ
ʽǰڻһ󣬵Ǻʵ̫£Ժܶ˲ڶˡҰƱúܶҲȴеܲ
һȥǰһƬͨɰɫͿϷˢģ쳣ɭֲŮӵɫˣеط
ɺ·ɫҲе㲻ÿֱ
ŷٺһЦ˼ƱȻһȺ˽ȥ
ʱϡϡ߽ݣȻһ̾ͷһУڳ˳һܵŵӡ
һĻСЩˣЩսսҿ˰ɣҲ̫˰ɡ
˵ʱ鶼ЩȻȻûнȥѾŵùǺˡ
·ȻҲ˵ͬĻڼŮǰǲܹ˵ģǱӵĿһۣ˵С
ɲȻɫŭ˵ʲô˭ǵС
ѽѵһ˵һٹǶܰų㻹ǲˣ·һĵ˵
ƨֻǵŽʦǣҲŲءɫ˵
·һЦָŹǵڣĵ˵µĻȽȥһǿ˰ɣ
һҧһᣬ˵˭˭ȥͽȥ
׳ŵȥϽŵȫǺӡ


298 ĺֲܿ
עɣʹٺ£ҲֻӲͷƤȥһֱۣ˹档
죬û
ɣû¡ɺƽ
˶¶ֵɫղŽȥļˣԼ챻˵ӣȴһƽӣѵ˵Ĳ̫ˡ
뷨·һ˽ȥ
Ȼ󣬾һҾ徵Ĵ˳ɫף˿Ҫ˵ӡ
ôˣŷ·һ£һڣ˳
һᣬ·ڲźùһ㣬ʿˮ˵ʬ壬ղҿһʬ壬Դˣӱʿˣһ࣬һ̫ˡ
·ɫף뵽ղŵĻ棬¡
ǰɣôһ㷴ӦûУɻ
·Ҳоüͷ˵԰ǼһĵӱһСأôôѵιȥˡ
ιȥأû۾ɵü˿ЦãΪʲôôˡ
·ҪˣҪΪɵı֣Ҳһ׼ûУųС
뵽޵ҧгݡ
˰ɣҽȥɣ˵ǼٹйҲõġŷЦ˵ͷ˽ȥ
һҧڹŷ
Ϊ·һ˶׼ʹˣ˹ŷ֮⣬ŮҲŵùǺһС
ĸŮΧסŷ磬ק·һµı顣
Ҳ۾׼㹻ˣԲûбŵ˹ŷ֮⣬Ϊ
ĺˣֵܿˡ·ļҪɱ˵ı顣
·ҧгݣҪллֵˡ
ǸǣôɴԲѣȴоһֱԼ·һɱԼʶľȥ
ûһͷʬֱӵǰŵһУĴĳ˻
ӡɫףСȶӶЩղͻȻһӣʵǰŵùǺ
ֵ·Цˡ
ŷΪ˳˿ͷǰ棬СĸڹŷЩսľġ
ĺֲܿʹŷ磬˼Σһ̲ס֣Щٹݻˣסеĳ嶯ȻĻǶᱻˡ
˰Сʱ˶û߳ȥ˹ŷ磬϶ѩѩ׵ģĵĵƹ֮£Ե쳣ɭֲ
ͻȻŷ͵һתͷһ
ôˣٻʵЩµĿһȴʲôûп
༸Ҳһ֪ŷ緢ʲô
üͷŷ¶һĨЦݣû£ѡ
ôһ˵˿ǵ񾭱Ľأĳʲô飬˵ͬʱιȥ
һСʱǲ˳
յ̫ٻǾȻһֽٺĸоǿ־Ŀһ۹ǣзģԺҲطˡ
ŷתһ۹ǣһ⡣
ȥڹ棬ȴм̸ۡ
СΪʲôǳ֡һߴʵ
Сһ꣬С˵Ǹ˲򵥣ǻĵߣòҪ֦
С仰ʹˣߣҪģǵѪʽ񣬱ͨҪõĶࡣһ˿ڣһɮˣǻȴ͸һа
ԭѵ㲻ĴɵıСʵɮһ㶣һû˵ȻڻĴɣǺܼɵġ
ҾǼ˳֣Ӧаսȫ£Ǹ˿ǿ󣬷ߵǸŮˣһ֣еѾߴ˵Щϧ
õĲ׽ֻҪץסŷǣץסϰٸͨ˻ҪǿϺܶࡣ
׳ա
С̲סһ䣬ɫŭɮ˵һЦ̲סŭǸˣµģΪҶ͸ǿԿ϶ھ磬սǳǿ֣ܹоصһ˲ɱҡ
ܡߺɮͬʱǶǶһٮٮߣɨͬһ꼶Լܹ꣬ɱԼ
ǳԼŷ磬ǶԸ⡣
׳ա
ݺݵĿһۣСת뿪
ȴûз֣Ǹߺɮˣ˱䣬ԾԾԣ׼֣ȴ뵽ʲôֹס˶
ٶ졣Ļ


299 ¾
ڰУһӰ뿪ֻһ˫УȫǱɱ
ߣ˺֮СҲɵӣҲԼĴ㡣
һȺһֱ浽ϣǷֿŷ뽯ٻرˣѧУȵЩԹĳҲ͹ŷرȴĪСˣǿ˻ȥ
ĪС¿ɲ뿴ԼĽãôӸ˹ŷ硣
ţǻؼҡŷĽУ§סٻ
˴һ˵˵ַ˾ӣŷȴ͵üͷһ塣
Ŀⶢǰ˾üͷ˵ʦʲô
ٻһ㶣ɻĿ˾һۣ׹ŷʲô˼ʲôʦⲻһͨ˾
ٴǰݼð֮ټ¡˾ǱˣС뿪˹ǣҵ˹٣ҶڹŷݣȻ
ϻ˵˵¡ŷ翪ڣһ㶼
СҲŷ˵һǿߣֻ˳ǿߣԼʹŷٲҲ
ǸǲǱϵô򵥣һɱѵ㣬ÿ춼вٻʧ٣еץȥιʽ񡣡С˵ýٻһû뵽ǸǣȻôĿ¡
ŷоһ˵ҲµĲĻҲеһӰɣ˵Щѵɱ㣿
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Сܳʵȴ¶һĨЦ˵ǹٲɱңЩҲ׼֮󣬽ɱˣùŷ֪ˣҲˡ
˵Сһ⡣
ŷһ˹ݵģԱ˺ݣԼҲݡ
㵹ǳʵȰͻؼңȥһ˹ǡŷ絭˵
ٻһĨģ˹ŷһۣҪȰŷȴҡҡͷЦ˵ţİɣһȺѣûκвġ
˻һٻҲ˵ʲôڹŷ磬ȫεģŷȻ˵û⣬ǵģҲˡ
ǽٻڹŷΡ
صŷĿͽٻ룬һ⣬˵߰ɣʶʶ孵ʽˣ˵һֺĶ
һĨϲɫСٵǸȥ
ҹ죬ŨĺƣһĨƵѹָУһִĸоŷȴЦˣҹɫɱˣرɱĳҵ
Ӻܿĵ˹ǣʱɭɭģûһ⡣
Сŷͬʱ³ͷȥ
ͻȻСһתͷŵĶŹŷ磬һĨѪ
ΪʲôΪŷŹԼȴû뵽³ŷͶԼˡ
Ҳɱ˲ٻ˰ɣǱƵģΣմȾ޹Ļ˵ѪҪŷޱ飬ǰȥС建ĵڵϡ
ǰһ˺ʬԵ쳣졣ŷȴޱ飬ȻעΪĹǣе˶Ҫ
ৡ
һĨէ֣ŷͷ­
һߣΧŷûע⵽Լչ˺һ
ŷתᵯָߵϣߵѣӵǸߵ档
Ǹ߲ҽжûзһ̯Ѫࡣ
ŷǰţڰһħֱӳ˹ǵС
䡣
һȭһطըһ˺˳ȥ䵽ûϢ
ŷǿƣɱ䣬ÿһγһ߶Ĳʮʱȫڰ¶ͷ
˵ŷһһ֣ͻᱻߣ̫ڿֲˡ
ȻˣŷҲһһĽǾ˳Ȼɱ
һ·нպ俪һһţ˽ȥ
һȥһŨѪζùŷüͷһ塣һߺվڲԶдѪɫĹâŹŷ硣
ΪܴʲôأԭֻϺףҲ̫ʧˡŷҡҡͷЩˬ
˶ȫھ磬Ƕ˵ǲϣһǿߣȻɱԷ
㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪǣʵЯһɾ˵а쳣ǿ󣬵ȴŷ綯֡
ղŹŷı֣ȫǸ֪ˣԼǹŷĶ֡
ˣɱġŷɨһַ浽ǲ֫ϱۣ۰׹ǣǲĻЩӦöǻ˵ÿͣץινʽ
˸¡
Ǹŭһһ


300 ɱʽ
ŷЦһȭԶǸطըһ˳˳Яž˵а
Ǹʱĳֺ䣬ĳ嵽ŷһ
а죬ңҪһ㡣
ߡ
򵥶ֱŷһȭ뵶ײһ
Ǹ߻𣬱һȭˣȾѪŵĶŹŷ磬֮Ĳ࣬Ȼô
ˡ
ǸɮҲ֣ճһķӡֱӰŷ綯Ҳû˫⣬ֱӶӡ
ɮ˻һһѪ
Ȼͬھ磬ŷ֮Ĳ̫ˣڶ季һ콾ɨͬŷȣȴûпɱԡ
ŷ𶯣ƴ׼һ
˶һۣԿԷеľġͻȻ˻һ˲һ˱˹ͷɮһħģˡ
칷ħԭʽ棬˵ôأΪƾĶҲɱҡŷᣬʽгѪȻǵõ˲Ѫʳɴ˿ɼǵײк˶ˡ
¸£׼ʽߵǿˣ˭׼ɡǸߵ˱̬Ŀ⡣
ɣħĿֲĲģǸɮ˵ҲԹ˼㡣
ŷ絰۵ǣһǲ⣬ʽѣҴǵϢжϣսսûĲˣ֪̫ɵƣǰѻĿ̫ˡ
һ԰׳ա
ŷҡͷ˵ôֱ࣬Ӷˡ
һȭ죬һɫȥ
ħźͬһȭ˹һ죬ŷһͷħֱӺ˳ȥײһǽ
˲ŷ˹ȥͬʱͷ칷ʽҲɱһ˫צݺݵץŷ硣
ŷЦһѪ֣˻죬ȫɣɱ
Ѫɨ칷һӣŷתһħȥˡ
ߴսͻȻӰ˳ڰзĽţֲĲ׺С
ϴ˭أժ¥УɫͻȻڡ
ùһа죬϶ʲô⡣Сĸһ£ɫЩء
ĸ񣬹ŷһȺﻹأƽʱֵģҪûʮİգѾ֪ͨˣ˯ɡɫ˸Ƿɵ˯˹ȥ
С룬ǳͬɫĻҲһۣ˯
ŷ˸ʽǿ󣬳ĳԽԽǿѹԽԽ
ŷЦˣŸȤ
ͣųֵȣʽѹ·Ҫǵļ޵ʽ˻а죬ŷķŹҪɱ
ǵȫǿ񱩣Ҳûһ˿ѣΨһͷǻɱǰɶࡣ
սеȻŷЩʧʽѾﵽ˼սԷҲֻôǿˡ
Խˡ
ŷĵ˵Ѫȫһ̫ͼ֣ݺݵѹ
ʽ񷢳ʵŭǸܵвǲͣıڵҪסŷĹһжͽͣҶظֱӽǺ顣
һȵĻ֣ʽѪȫճɻҽⶫǾԵаǲСıʲôˣܻᷢ顣
չؼϱŷ˸˸뿪˹ǡ
ȴûע⵽ԼһУһͷļ¼
ص棬Ů˶û˯ŷ֮Ƕһ
صѪζɱ˶ˣȸűӣüͷʵ
ٻͽȻûҲܹܵŷһϢǻֺµĸо
ӣŷһ£ſڵʮɡ
˻һٻͽһ£û뵽ôһĹ򣬹ŷ羹Ȼɱôˡ
к£ŷ͵Щ˲ˣֻ
һ˵˳ٻͽ˲ٺ£ȴ̲סŭȻֲ˵飬ɱǶġ
̫ˡͻȻ˵һ䣬ͻȻʶԣϽһɫ̫ÿ˵ԲӣҲ˵㡣
ҡҡͷЦףҵĵ顣
ʲô飿Ů˺ʵ
ҲµĲĻЩˣŷƻǵ飬һ׷ɱŷġɫأȻǸν磬ǳļɵ
磡
ŷһ


301 
孵磬ϣǺǿһ֯˵ʵʵȫھ֮¡
һӴ֯˶ܼɵ֮ϡ
ŷҲֻǾһ£ЦΣģһڴǿߵĽ١
ŷк˸ɱ졣
һߵĹͻȻڣ磬Ұ㡣
Ůˣƽʱ˵ȴʱ򣬼ᶨվ˹ŷߡŷԹһЦеĴһĨɫ
ŷ粻֪ǿԿ϶ܲ⣬ֻҪŮˣԸԼһжѾ㹻ˡ
ϹҲ֧㣬İɣֻҪȻ޻ءȸЦΪʮҽʥĵӣ˵ֻ
ʮҽʥȻ綼Ҫ˱ܣǡ
ǻϹ𣿷İɣǰҲùӳԣҹһʱ֮һȥһ˶孡ŷһ
ϹҪʲôȸһͻȻһ˼뷨
约ô໪ˣҲǻʱˡŷĻ֤ʵȸĲ룬ŵŴͣŷ羹ȻҪ̤ƽ硣
漴ȸɫ˷˵ʱһҪң϶ܺġ
𾪵Ŀˣɣʲô˵ǻĵе콾ֳУһҲĴ֮ˡ
ûж˵ʲôǵùŷ粻ϲôʱദӶڹŷҲһ˽⣬֪һ׼ķ࣬ڶûкøС
ŷǸоӵ˼һۣЦ˵ʲôûйϵֻǵãӾˡ
ĻӵһůЩжˣǺںĸܵġ
ٻȸһۣԿԷеЦ⡣
˵һ飬˶ص˯ˡŷٻķ䣬۾ϢһȵĽ˱档
ŷʶ§ס壬漴־һеŮ㣬˲˭
ӡ
ŷ羪ȵ˵Ȼû뵽˾Ȼӡ
ǽٻķ䣬ӵһ䣬ӦߴطŶԡ
ҡ΢΢ȴܼᶨŷ˲˼ûж˵Ů˶Լĸ飬һŷȻΌܡ
ӵĺݺݵѹ£ŷסС졣
˫ӵ߮ţ¶ڲͣȻӵһʹУŷᴩ

鵽۷壬ӻսһӴĴԪӿ˳ŷ嵱УŷԪҲûӵ棬ϢγһӴѭ׵Ľһ
ܹ˵嶼ڷ⣬γһ룬ǰС
һֱʵһչ˽ʧӾڹŷĻУ˼㡣
İ˯һ㶼ûиоϵı仯
ֱŷ˹ˬ˸һֱӽѹ£Ц˵ţ˰ɡ
ӻûзӦŷͽڡ˵Ľñ׼ŵĽɫһ죬Ͻˡ
¥£Ů˶ˣӣٻȸʶʲô飬ڹŷǰզֶ࣬һüԼȻӦŷ硣
ɫɻͻȻһ䣺ڽ𣿡
˻һŮɫŹ֣ôýأ
ȴûע⵽ٻǵɫ˻䣬ԹԵ˵ܹоϺ֣ܿǵǰһһҪҺϣҾ̫ˣԾͰˡ
һȻҪ⣬зǳףǹŷڶţҪǳʲô⣬ŷ»ᷢġ
뵽ȸϽ˵С࣬ǧҪס飬ֻܺϹܺ
ɫЩΪѣһ۹ŷڵķķüͷ˵ǣ̫ˣûеǸһǿء
Ů˿Цãѡżı׼ȻǶԷǿǿ󣬼ֱͺһһ˵ŷֻҲֻйܹ˵ĳҪ֪ڳ𣬾һߣ˵ܴܹŷ硣
Ϲģ̫ǿˣϹܿġȸĵȰ
ȸĻ൹Ǻͬ˵ȷʵܿ죬ܹоڱϣΪ㡣
ʲôȸĻһһ㣬ɻҲûôɡ
漴һ뵽ԭ򣬾ǹŷԪԭ򣬵õŮǿߵĴԪҪΪǲء


302 粺
ŷɫͨӳ֣Ůɫ죬һߣСѯһЩ
ɫͨ죬ͶǸȵŮһǱغʹͳֱڣһӡδЩڱʣߵļҪطȥˡ
ˣҪٵ٩ˣû˼Ҷ˼ˡŷЦ˵
ôˣȸ٩
ȻˣҵţȻۣҪǻȸ㣬Ҳ˵ͬĻġŷЦ˵ȸһ
컬ࡣȸһ䡣
ŷ罫ʹ˹ȥȸ˵㳢ʵû͵ġ
һ촽˹һĨ㣬ü˶סˡཫ뿪ŷ磬ܿ϶˵ȷʵûͣȸ˵ˡ
ĿɿڴȻ̲סЦ˳ڹǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ŷһ죬Щ˼ˡ
һŷתƻ⣺ˣȥɡ켸ҪȥǣѾźóˡ
һŮվ棬ڵˡ
һɫװ쳣࣬ٻ֮󣬶ʱɫŹ
Ϲ˵ҲšٻЩΣգùŷЦһǵ˵ͷ
ٻֱӿ˽һۣ˵ãԺԶһ㡣
˹ŷһۣõͷĻش𣺡֪ˡ
ŷЦãû˵ôɫôöŹ
˹ŷһۣŮͬʱ˵ͷ౾ЩԻ󣬲ٻǵͷ֮Ҳŵ˵ͷȻΪʲôҪͷ
ŮһģŷҲûʲô˵ˣϾŭѷ
Ƥ˵ȹȥɣǲϲ
ٻ˹ŷһۣҲû׷ʹ򣬸Źŷ߹ȥʱԵЩţһ޴ӡ
֪ǰ⼸·ŮˣǹŷţкܴѹĽٻǻ᲻Լ
ӭǡĿϵĲΪͬѧĽٻЩ̣ȿڣԼ⣬ɵһ
Բ𡣡ЩǸ˵
ٻȻ֪ʲô˼ǲٻЦ˵ⲻ㣬ʵɫǲãôƯܷŹء
ٻƯԵЩ˼ȴҲܸˣ֪ٻǲΪԼˣһ
Ư⼸λС㣬ֱ·һ㣬ҴûмôƯŮˡ
˭ϲ佱رһԼͬŮˣȸĻŭʱ׽˲١
໥һʶˡǽŷ綪һߣʱˣŷƵӣһߵĹ࣬ҺûѾͷԼ
ܿ죬Ҳק˹ȥֻʣ¹ŷ¼ҹˣȻһţû
ɻɵʱ䵽ˣŷǻˡ
ͷȲգŷŽٻӣӵұòٳ˿ĽĿˮһˡ
ȾɫŮӵһѾĸˣȻӵұҿŮ̸ò˲²ŷݡ
һߵȸŷ纰һϹ֮Щ˵Ӷɳˣŷֱڿһ
ŮϻŷһԷ
һĨǣδ갡Ů˲Ǳˣ粺ľ
ŷʱŮҲһ㶡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ŷдһĨη塣Ҫŷ磬ȴ֪˹ŷʵݣһû
Żڽ뿪׺У¹ŷǡ
ֻû뵽ǣŷ羹ȻҲɻ棬ƵĲһ˳
粺ŷ磬¶һĨϲɫŷ˹ȥȻûע⵽ѿɫ
ĺɡкɫЩĿ˹ŷߵĽٻӡ
ʲô˵ûо߿ŷ˵һûС
ͷȲյĺܶˣѾϳ粺ݣ֪һǣǿŷı֣Ȼ˿ûнС
粺ЦݱɫЩǿǺ˵飬ĺܱǸԭ¡
ŷ翴ŮһۣϺεĳķ̣˵ҪǸˣңǸӡ
粺һͻȻŷһǳ˵ллҶˡ
תߣһϽʵҪʲôȥ
ȥǸӡ粺ͷҲ˵һ䡣
ֱ˷ɻ˹ŷһۣҲ׷ȥ


303 ֵ
ɻɣٻͽԵЩţ˵ɻǵһΣ̲סЩ
ٻٻǲõģȥҲԱǵġͻȻڣοˡ
Ļȴ˶ŭĿӣڷɻ˵ɻȥЩ˿˵Щĸо
ŷüͷһ壬һһɷ˻һ
Ƕʱף䲻ǵˣЩ˸ϽջĿ⣬鷳
ɫԻ󣬻֪ʲô顣
һȺ۵ĶȸСֹ
Сʱ֮󣬷ɻ˳ﾩǡ
ŷ˸߸Žٻ˳˶ͶעӵĿ⣬Ͼһ˵ʵ̫ˣȫ绨ĴŮ˾һƱŮǳһ㣬һĿϾӵĸо
мĹŷ磬˺ֱӵˣŮԿ˭ȥһˡ
ȻҲˣŷ̲סȣܹЯôŮͬУԲͨˣҪ֪ջˮеʱŮֻԴͷ
߳Զ˾ͱסˡһӢ꣬߰żŮˣǿƵ˵߰ɣٻ֮
ٻһ꣬Źŷ棬ǽǣ˻
˵ŪЩˬڣ͸оһʹһʮҵվǰһĶ
㡭ָŹŷ磬ŭҪһ㡣
ʧҵǰȻҲɱ㡣ŷɢһɱȴ׹ѣǰԼǲɶҲû˵תߡ
ʶࡣŷ̾
ƵǱȴ𾪵ӶɳˡղǸ꿴ƣ󻹸űڣԵĺӵܣǰ֮ȴһƨҷš
߰ɡŷ˵ӵұúܶĽ˼㡣
ǰ֮û˸ҹҲʹ죬ҪԵ޹ʱһ٣Ҳ̫ԩˡ
߳Ѿ˵ˣһľվ棬ɫࡣһĻúܶ˾ȣӭӱĹҵ쵼ˣҲ˰ɡ
ŷһȺ֮߳¶һĨЦݣȻ˹ȥ
ǺãֵܣˡЦŴкһ㶼ûиղŵıȻڹŷǰκĶҪ׺͡
˵ͷŷ˵ǲģ˷ҪҲʹ죬֪ģұȽϻ̡
ԿЦҡҡͷ˵ϳ˵
˷ֱϳŷһɫЩ
Ϊ飿ŷ絭˵
ɫܲãЩΡ̾һϾҵ壬ѪҲӡ
ΪԺҷŷʵ
ûпԵɫ΢΢˫ۣڳ档
ɫЩѿȻ쳣ᶨ˵ᣬҪɱҾԲȻ壬ҲֵܣԼҪҪֵܣҪ
˵ĻУԼĵܵܺ͸֮⣬ûкøУҲ̫
ڹŷ磬ֹһΣԲΪһԼôݣ˺˹ŷֵܡ
Ļһ˵ŷ۾̱ˡһۣȻЦˣ仰͹ˣȻˣҾ
Եɴ۾ô򵥣
ǿֵܵϣҹŷ粻ֵϣҪеڶΡ˵ŷдһĨ⡣
ԸϽҡͷЦ˵ôܻеڶΣŵã巢ڶˡ
뵽Լ˰ӣԾ̲סҡҡͷ
ǾͺãˣҾھ漸죬ȻͻȥˣˣǸּҵôˡŷת˻⣬پ飬ʵּҡ
ŷûǣּҵֶǸˣǵʲôδҪϵ
ᵽּҵ⣬ɫһüͷ˵ּҳּΣˣּһǳڱּҡ
˼˭ʵڲУԳֱּ֣̤ƽŷкһ
һϽ˵ǧҪǾǣʿһǳʲô󶯾԰ƽġ
û£ֻһȺŵķѣҲʲôвŷЦ֪˵ʿһȴЩ˷ϡ
֪ŷѾôȰûãҲ˵ֻ˵û⣬һϢȥ֪ͨ㡣


304 Ƿ粨
ŷסһƵ꣬ƵĸŵùǺʲôųʶ٣ȻóЩ˲ͨľˣֱܿ
ľӻͣԷ϶Ǵ
ŷͽٻ˳Ƶ긺˵ӶһôҲû뵽ľȻֻǼŮŮ˵òҲһ˲ʧôƯŮˣǵһο
ܹؽŷ˽ȥΪ׼ͳ׷֪Ů˲ǹŷŮˣʺסһ
͹ŷ罻̸˼䣬Ծ뿪ǺУвٵҪ
λûˣ˵ʲôȥŷЦʵ
ȥǰɡСѾͷǳ˷ܣû뵽Լһ죬ÿ͵ݣǣסͳ׷档
û⣬
һͬ⣬ֱǡ
ӹسǣ̫ױ֣νĺú
棬ۼúµһ۹ؾӹأСѾͷԵúܼͣգΪ
ŷȴЩ̾ǣ˵ĳ衣
ԱһλߣŷĻʱ̲סüͷ˵С˵˰ɣӦ˵ǻĵĽŶ԰ɡ
ŷ翴һۣԷʹʮˣӹǺӲʣȵӡ
𣿡ŷ絭Цһ·ƽ˵Ľǳɨĺ徻ٹƳǹرȴǿ֣ڹ֮⣬ҪأҪ
һ£Ц˵˼ǣҪİùҲܵвư粻ɣ
ŷƳһۣ˵кβɣ
ǻŷĻ£ôЧЩбأЦ˵һŵӡ
ȿȣ⻰㲻Ҫ˵ȥЩ˵ȥֻҪǲԣҲûбҪȥŷһ۵ı飬ȻϵĲߡ
߻˵ЩʲôŷӣЦһ֪˲ԼҲûȤת߿ˡ
˹ĵڹŷĶ˵
ʲô
ŷоһЩ𾪣澹Ȼû뵽ġ
õǣҵʵЩʧ˵̫ܵǿˣԶʵ
ǻ۵ĵطȻӴõҵʵ㹻ʱ򣬰ȡŷڹ˵
ģ۾һ
ŷĵͷŮˣ³ŵһŵ;Ի쵽
̫ˡһĵӡŷǱܴףһ죬ŷܹԽԼľ磬ﵽһֲĸ߶ȣʱԼȡͿһɱˣһ˵е
һȺĵʱùŷüͷһ塣
ŷ翴˹ȥ𷢱۵⣬ͼѧģִʲôѧԵúܼһŭģɫ߰һмӣһֻͣһŮѧȥ
һǸŮǰ棬ȴһƿȻݺݵһš
Ǹڵϣ̲ͬסȥ
һִڵϣΧǱһԶԸǷǡ
ĻˣɫĮԵ쳣ľʣûǰֹһµ뷨
˰
ŷ̾Ϣ˹ȥ
ȸɫ߷ߣѾҪˣŷ߹ȥʱǾ֪Ǽⲻкý

һⱻֱӴɽȥȻʧ˵ǰ˶סˣͬ飬ǿħһĿŷ硣
ɱ˽ܿˡһ˿־ĴҫˣڻطүԶһˣû顣
ھȻһˣֱɱһͬ飬һȺӷŭ˼㡣
׳ա
ŷƲƲ죬ֱ˳ȥղ˵Ǹ⣬ֱӳϷ˳ȥȻҽŹɽ¡
ôߵĸ߶ȣԲǻˡ
ļп־壬ȾҪܡ
ŷЦԼٶȽץסȻһһ˳ȥ
ӣȫȥˣһĻڳĿɿڴÿͣսŷ˿־塣
ֵܣôɱǣ군ˣˡһ򵹵ѧе
ɱ˾ɱˣôλ磬㻹ǸϽ뿪ɣҰ㿸ˡһڣһ˫ϣһĨᶨ
壬ˣҪǹеġոտڵѧе
ɱͷΣλΪɱˣҰʲôԣҲǹ¼ҹˣҲûʲôǣңЦ˵쳣Ȼ˿
ŷЩ죬͵Ŀһ壬Ц˵ˣҿˡ


305 ǹ
ŷĻȴһЦ磬ҪҲϲ˵ġ
˻һŷɫ̲סһڣȸˣȴ̲סЦ˳ûĵһۣŷ§סȸ§סĿɿڴû˵ϲŮˣûУﶼҵŮˡ
ŷĻ弸ĿɿڴΧοͣɵˡһȺŮˣһǱȴǶҪƯȻͬһˣҿӻദĺܺгһֲ˼ĸо
ܶ˿ŷ񣬾ڿһһǺܶˣеһŶ㲻˵ôһŮˡ
ɫһ죬Լ˵Ҳһ£ɲš
Ҳ֪Լ˹ŷ˼ûʲô˼һݵģ˵磬̫ˣҳ㡣
վߵŮɫÿͻȻʵǲҲѧϰλ
˻һɫ΢΢һ䣬ٺЦһû˵
ŮĶ˶ţһĹĵӡ
ˣ˵ôˣҼɡŷ֣Ц˵
һµӣһﵽʶûУոɱ˺òȻ档
Źŷ磬Ǿùŷһ϶Ҫùˡ
ʲôڳɱˣһǼ⡣Уһüǵľֳ³ɹ֪֮͸оͷˡ
޼ɵڳɱ˵ģӲͷɵӡ
뵽ϽҲǸ˵ݡ
һᣬһ˹ŷֵʱ򣬺³ɹ¶һĨЦͷ۵˵Ǽһôˣ鷳˴ˡ
ֳ׼ץ𣿡С죬Сʵ
Լȥץɣǵ㿭³ɹû˵Сסˡ
ɵɵӣ³ɹ˸ۣҪץһǵľ϶һܳɹ˵ҪҪץ
ǸСһ£׶ԷһʲôˣٺɵЦһû˵
Ժ³ɹͷϣҪǴüͷԼԲкùӳԡ
Сһɵ³ɹҡҡͷԼСһʲô˰֣ȳȥɣû²Ҫҡ
ǡСϽ뿪
ϣŷУ˼ǶףΪŷ翸𣬲ֱ浽еľҲûг֡
ҲǰɣǰЧô̲סһ䡣
ߵŮ֣㣬Ļ̲סһ۵ѵ㻹ϣԼץ
⵹ǣֻǷô飬ǵķӦȴôԺôϰյͷЩ߷߲ƽ
ŷȴЦһЦû˵
ԶһͷȺ˲֪Լɱˣ֡϶ǲ鵽ԼʵݣΪɵûж֡
Щǲͼ˵ģŷЦЦ˵ֲǸãҲЩһķˣΪأԾͲץˡ
ŷĻȴûţ˼⣬ɲģ˵ֳ⽻׵ġ
Ǿûйһ£Ҳ룬ɫҪϽ˳ǡ
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һ棬Ҫһᣬһ۲ͣ⼸ŷкøУر壬ŷܿꡣ
һӣûʲôˣǹŷ磬ҾˣԺҵһˡɫ˵
ֲŮʲôúõѧϰȡɳһҵŷƲƲ죬˵ĳݣ޸УһŮ࣬ŷ⡣
顣
ͻȻһ߿ĸ˺һ뺷˽һŮʱ򣬱뺷۾ʱһ˵ҪˣǿԹˡ
˻һǶʱ̲סɫһ䣬ǻǵһء
ŷͽٻŮǺܵȻÿɵƵӿˣû˵
˰ûǲǣϽҹ뺷ŭߵǰ棬Ҫӡ
ĸɫѿҪֹһۣŲȴһ㶼Ҷ
һֻץס˵ĸ첲Ķֹסŷ۾ʵ֪ô𣿡뺷˵ɫͨ죬Ȼ԰ס
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һѪ˳˹ȥ
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306 ³ɹ
Ǹ긺ɫѿ֪ˡ
ʲôǵĵԶ޷֤˵İȫ㻹ͻȻڣ˵һ㶼Ǹ긺ɫѿ˼㡣
һ۹ŷ磬ǿסŭҷղǸ뺷ôǿƣҲֲסŷһӡ
ĸ뿪䣬Ÿˣܹɫˡ
쵰ŭҪȥš
ŷȴסЦ˵ùǣԷһȻῪŵġ
ڹŷĻŷԥȻԷֵӣýٻ̲סЦ˳ȴһ㵣ĶûУʶŷһֱڣǻûпʲô˿ùŷԿء
ŷ缸˵ĵҲӰ쵽֣ǣҲһƽȻûнղŵϡ
ݣ˭Ҵӵֵܡһűƿ
ֵ˳˽һ꣬ٻ֮۾һǶŵѪζһ
ԭôŮλСôƺ߽ǰ棬򼸸Ů˷ʵ
顣
һ죬˳ȥֱײǽϣֵܵĺ󳾡
׳ŭҪ֡
ʱһȺ˽סˣȻֱѹ˳ȥ
һĻǸĸ˿ĿɿڴҲǱѹȥ֮һ󺰣˵Լݣͱһںһȭֱ˹ȥ
ĳ֣ȫ
һҧվ򾯲ǺЩɱģҪץץҰɡ
֣󼱣һ壬ȴûκηӦһȻӡ쿴һֱۣȻ˳ȥ
һĻ弸˵ɴ۾ôһ£
һ˽ƺأɢһλߵϡһֱ֮ӽŹˣȻĿŷ硣
֣˵λǹٰɣº³ɹǾֵľֳ
ŷ翴һۣûǼһӵĲˣͽ˿С
弸˵ɴ۾ŷҲ̫ţˣǾ־ֳΪԼΡ
ʲô˵ûµĻ͹ҳԷŷ翪ڣһ㶼³ɹݻŲ
ʹڹŷ˽⣬Ǻ³ɹ̲סЦһʵ̫ˣԼôҲһȻ˿ԼС
뵽ŷ֮ǰ¼³ɹҲȻˡżɽ˵٣һûб˼ֻһ顣
³ɹ֣⵹ùŷЩĿ࿴ˡӸλˣŲµģԼӣ³ɹܹ˿Լӵ£ĺԼ˵ˣԲС
˵ŷ絭˵ûٸ³ɹɫ
ҲҪֻ٣ɱ˵ʱһ㣬ҪңܹӦ³ɹЦ˵飬ֵ治Сʹ˺öֶΣѹһΣ¾ûôˡ
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ǺãҴӦ㣬ˣҪˡŷ˰֣ú³ɹ뿪
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Ļŷ罾̧ͷЦ˵ǵȻҲ˭
ȸһţӣֱӼһõĶ˹ŷ档
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һȺ˻ָգԷֱ֮ȴзԱ߹ŷǣһٷѣϰˡ
ŷ˹ȥһͲ꣬˧Цź͹ŷ˵ͷûй
СӲǰ;ŷ佱Ҳûн飬ֱ˳ȥ
뼸ѧֿŷǽҲ湻ˣֱӻص˾Ƶꡣ
Χһ𿴵ӣͬʱ˵Цţֻǲãȴˡ
ʲô£ٻʵ
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˭ҸоҲ̫˰ɡŮ˲ʶԷװB
ŷЦһ˵ǣСʱҿӾȥǣȻĻ͸ҹ
ĬһᣬŻشǡ


307 
УĻʱȻŭ
ʲô쵰Ҳ̫ˣǵСʱ̫ˡΨһŮ˿ڣһͷɫͷƢ쳣𱬡
浱ǰ׺̫ˣϴӲİɡһһͷ׷Ҳ˵ɫߺޣʲôˡһ
˽ĿͶм꣬һǳͨ꣬һ˫俴ףһ㡣
üͷ΢΢壬Щԥջǵ˵ͷ˵ȥ
Ůƿȥ
û˸˿ͺܲԲһˡ
ȥŷǰŮüͷһ壬Ҫš
ͻȻһһΣյĸоŮ˺ԥֱӶ㿪һɫ˳˿𣬵Ǵ֮ȴ𾪣Ů˹ȥ
ҺŮ˶üʱĻһԻҪ

һӷ洫˳Ƕһۣǿеŭȥ
Ǽǵôһ£ʵŷƲƲ죬ûкøС
ȸĸܵһ£һ˵ˣ
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۷ǳĵͣǳǡ
ŶǾǵŰɡȸЦ˵
ٻ֣Ҳд˵ۺܺã˵һȺڰΪҵսˣڿʵԼٹŷۣν͸ˡ
ŷĻȻỳɣжۣʱҲﵽʷ͵㣬ЩӣǾ֮
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Сӵľ˵ϴһ˵Һȸ׵ִ񣬶̫ǿˣ˵ղ涼ûмͲһɱȸ
Ļʱŭ˸磬ŭһЦҵҪ˭Ȼôţ֡
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ǿϵܣҲµòĻӦ񡣡ȸЦһҪվ
ŷȴסЦ˵ҾˣǼӡ
ЦĺɣǸûнԷСȸԵЩԥԷһѾõǿߣھжǾԵǿߣŷܹܶԷ
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ɫһ䣬ŭŹŷ磬ɲҲܲţСӣ˵ţɱˣǲǣ
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308 
ŷ˳嵽⣬ǻƴĽ֡
ǿƣϵǿޱȣϹ˸ȫ֮Ҫѹŷ硣
ŷ糤ХһѪ֣죬֮ɢ
ıԾ磬ȴܿ־ǿߣˡ
𾪣Ӵ֡
ɫ˸ܹһ㡣
ŷЦֱǰȥҫѪڣһݺɫȫ
˳嵽һ𣬷Ľ֡
ŷ缡廯ɫɽɱ޾κˣǿ󣬾Կѹһе֡
Х˷𶯣ܵһѹƣŷ죬ȫѹ𾪡
䡣
Ӱˣһ޷ֵơʹȫһƬû׹˸Ϲ֣Ҫɱ֡
ŷ磬춯أƬʵĹγ֣ϳֻأɢһɰΰֱӱɢ
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ȴԺزھǿ棬Ĵˡ
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ĽͣȸһǳǳŵԵף˵һˡ٣ôĻܣĳڱǰ˵ġ
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ֱȥŷɫ˵ҪʧˣһҪйֵġ
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˲ԽѡŷͻȻڣó۾һ
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309 ɱ
ٻȥţۼŷһİ˽
ȸЦ˵ҵֽں͹ŷǰֵܣĻλþͺһɡ
ǳԵףȸ͹ŷķӦȫһó̲סЦ
˹ŷһۣЦ˵ǹȻһˣӦһġ
ȿȣ˵ǳϴϴͷԴȥ鵱һϣʲôԵˡŷ͵
¶Ȼɫȴɴ۾ʲôʱ˵ϴϴͷ⻰ҪǴ˳ϴĶУԷҪƤɡ
ֵܣңʲôʱ˵ءŮһȻӣ̲סЦ
Уýֺͷܹ³ˣô꣬δȢδޣҪ໥֮˼ϴǻһǿ߽飬⻰˵㶼Űɡŷ粻м˵
Ҷ׾ˣǧҪ˵֪ϴǸˣҪӻҪȻҲô꣬˻ûһ𡣡ҡͷ˵
⵹ǣʱȥͳϴ˵˵ܴܲһ׮ԵŷһĨ°ͣٺٻЦ
ȸ۾һϽ˵ҲҪýš
û⣬ʱһǴϣϴ϶мǵġŷаЦ˵
һȺŮɫ˷ܣΪϴĬ
໥ʶ֮󣬳뿪Ҳ͹ࡢصڵķ䡣ŷɫӺͽٻٺЦλˣǰЪɡ
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ǵǿϧˣŷҪǺϣʡǲٵüϴһĨϧ
ڸô죿һָоŷ粻ô뿪ǣܿҪһЩ飬У͹ŷйϸģֻּˡкüͷ壬ԵЩżǼʵⲻ˹ŷ磬ָֻǰˡ
Ŀкһۣ˿ڵõģ鷳ʱ򡣡
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ŷȻ֪ΣѾٽ֪Ҳᵣġ
һսŷս˰ޣǽŮ˳׵һڴϣУһεõŮԪ
ڶգһš
ŷ磬㡣Եùŷ˦˦Դ·˳ȥȻŹϣȥš
ôˣŷ˸Ƿһû˯õӡ
ԵúܾûнȥֱӸŷһϡ
ղ鵽Ϣû뵽ּѾˣһʱ䣬ǵ˾Ǿڵˣһ鵽ڽһǳӴı˷ܵ˵ЩͿԹּҳˣǶ˾ӣҲ˵ʲô
ʲôıŷɫһ¹ؾڣʱȤ
˹ŷһۣԺص˵֪
ŷֱӶһָһصӣΪ֪ʲôأȻ֪ǵʲôȴ鵽˾ڵľݵ㣬ֻҪܽ£ӦܹõһЩġ˸ž⡣
ŷʵ
һƬɽ棬ǵĻأкܶǿ򡣡ᵽɫ΢΢Щء
ҲǾ֣ȴ̤룬ܿ£ǿǾǿ߹ȥδֵúô
ŷͻȻһЦ˵ˣڸѾˡ
˴Ӵ˽ɱңŹŷ硣
ͷˣáŷЦȻûн˷С


310 ɱפ
ǿߣھУҲǾԵĴȴɱԱɫ
˹ŷǰ棬ŭ˵ڣǲҪ̫ˣǾǣܹҰĵط
Ȼ޲˾ڣǴʱ˿̣ȴŷǳͻԷ̫ǿˣǿߣ˿Եסǿߵ֡
ǶҪнݵ˿ڡӲߣǾȴֲܿ˫ͬ棬ɢȵâ
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ɫ䣬֪һսɱˣŷ粢˶š
磬Ҫæ𣿡ʱͻȻű򿪣˳һƽʵ
ŷԥһ£Ȼ˵ͷ
ڵľִЦݵ˳˵ԭνĹżҴˣȻ˰һһ书Ů˵ǰ棬Ǽ峤
ҿŮƯӦûǴӣѵ㻹û׹ŷ˼˼ƣǸĸߴľǿЦ۾ڷ⡣
һȺ׳ա
ŷ粻мҵϷ࣬һԼˡ
Ȼɫһ䣬ʹ£Ҳ֪˵ĲǺûһʱ䣬ڹŷ߶ĿȾҲ˽˺ܶ顣
ߡ
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ֵܵھǿ߱ɫ֪ԼۣŮ˾ԲͨˣǹߵĿµǿߡ
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ŷǰٵ˵ϵ£һѪǾֵŹŷ磬ǵ书
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ȸͷһһϣһ˻ֱǸ˵С
Ǹ˲ҽУȻɫӲһ㽹඼ûСȸͷŷ׿ˣԷʡ
ʮӺ󣬹ŷ뿪ֻڵפء
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һľǾڳɹܹ֮һ㡣Ǹʱ򣬻Ļʲôӣŷ
ϾھһȺӣûԣҲĻὫ磬
һƬɽĸһׯ԰ɭϣŷߵǰվŷ֮󣬶ʱȻʵʲôˣ
䡣
ŷֱӳ֣һ˹ȥ˺ɳȥײڴ档
˾쵽ĶɫǴ䣬ſھۼ
ֻǸߵŵʱͻȻ飬Ƭ˳ȥǰһЩ˻ɱ
˱ɫ֪˾һǿߣפ˶Ͷһ磬ȴסһƬ˵һˡ
һԽڶӹŷ磬ʵ˭ΪʲôԵ޹ʹҾפء
к϶ܹϳӣܻǸˡһǿߣƿ񱩣ֹŷ磬һɱɱ
ŷ米˫֣˵ղŻȥɱأôôˣ
ǹŷ磡𾪣ͻȻһݣϽʵλأŷ羹Ȼû£ϣɳȥˣھǿжٮٮߣҲ̬Ҳǿƣ֣Ҫ˱ܡ
ڿŷӣܿѾˣڹŷӳ̶ȣи˺üΡ
ȫˣǰǰңҾȥᣬ飬Ҿ͸Ͻ˹ǸԶ԰ɣϽҿһŷһЦеӣȴһ㽫ˡ
䣬Źŷ磬ɱҳϣΪǳԳˣڳ϶Ҫǿһȭ˷𶯣񱩵ϢҪһضһ㡣
һԵǿߣս졣
Ҳɱۣƾˡ
ȻҲǾǿߣùŷ粻Щ̾ʱǿ߶ܲײˣ洦ɼԼ⼸죬˺ü
ɱʹһҲҵŷɫأһȭӲƴһͬʱˣ¶Ȼɫ
ŷ֣⻯ɫס˵Ĺ
ٴαˣѪڣһ˾Ե·硣


311 ħѪ
㲻ֻһˣƾʲô˶춨ȻҪЦ˺ŷԲǶ֡
ŷɫƽ˵ɱңͿûǸˣ˸һ飬ҵĵԶеҪǿ󡣡
˭˵Ц󣬲ӮңŷҲȲ㡣ЦԶŷ硣
ǿߣΧŷ磬֣Ҫŷɱ
սŷҫ̫ҫۣ·һݺȻ·磬ȴͲɴݻ١

ԴһͬǾʥ𣬾ƿأøۣʹֶΡ
ʥȻǻ棬ȴһ߲˽ԣԻԴ
ŷӴʥȻסЦһԪУ˷·һȵĺ¯һȭ˹ȥϼ죬ûĵط
Ƕ飬Դһŷգȫʥûκô
һƿŷɱ
ͬʱҲ˹ʹֶΣҪɱŷ硣
һѪ֡˻ȥ˱ˣŷɫ˸ѧ˵ǵǿֶΡ
λǿߴһϽӭȥ
ɫ˵ͷð̣鴤ŷȥҪɱˡʱͻȻһףŷԥ嵽һߡ
ɱ˹һĨ⻮ŷĿռ䣬ȴնһգѾﵽĿģͬ顣
˲ŷгءһ̣ڹŷһӣȫʧˡ
ǰһֲħǿĲ࣬Ȼ֣Ҳһ㱻ơ
Ҫ⣬޷ཻĪ棬϶ѧ˵ֶΣǧҪСġɫص˵Լͬ顣
Ǳŷɱƾһ˵ԿԿ϶ԼԲǹŷĶ֡ŷǿĽаˣ磬Ժɨоǿߡ
ٴΧ˹һǸСġ
ŷЦλǿߣģΪžԵĵ
䡣
˳֣ȫǿĹɫϢûһƬռ䣬Ҫһжݻһ
ɫ¶ЦݣţһŷԵסǲҲԻˡ
ǵʱһĨѪֱ֣ƿŷѪ˳ˣһѪɫն˹ȥ
һɱɱˣͨ
ǾֵĴȥͬʱеҪסħ
ֻǣһжͽͣħ̫ǿˣܹͬ赲֮£͵ס
˲ҽУֱӱ롣
⻮ǵ壬˵ѸٸɱȥŷĿһħղܵħڵľѪɶգ˵С
ֲý㻪ĵһȻ鴫ŷ̾
ħ˹ŷĻһڵһ
ȻϲѪͺȸɡŷ罫ĿͶЩڵĳԱ
λǿ߱ɱЩڵĳԱѾȫˣٿŷ罫ĿͶ˹ʱһ̲סɫ䡣
ߡ
һ˴ȳ˳ȥ
ŷ絯ָһϬĽˡԷһߣͬһ磬ڹŷУȴֽͬһһ
ħɨնһѪɫʮɣֱӽ󲿷ɱ
ŷ磬֣һոЩ˵ûкˣԲƫȫһͷβķ֯ȫһЩԸƫļһ϶ż
ûһӳȥоڵȫħѪ
ﻯһƬ򣬵ȫǸʬԵ쳣졣
ŷ߽ׯ԰ҵһܵأóһϡǱ˵һƳֲأȫǹƳ棬ģļ塣
ŷֱӷһѻ𣬽ЩƳȻȼׯ԰
Щʬɲ뱻˿Ȼԣħ¹ش󣬲֪ﵽ֮ǰκ֪ȻȻŷʤǻţҲк³
Щǿ˵ħҲǾԵջϢһȥԻЩᣬʱʤˣҲס
Щǿߺ޼ɣὫһҽʥС


312 ȫ
ŷ罫һӸԵʱ̲סһ֣з
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬Ȼô˱ƣвһЩλߣ˸о㤡
̫ˣһҪǳɹˣĶǵˡ𾪵˵ʶԡ
ûôףѸ߲̫ɵˣʵƵĸ߲ﲢ࣬ܶ˷ǳܣûֵĻᡣŷҡͷ˵вͬĿڵ̫ԶѾ쵽˲ԣϲûע⵽ڣǲء
⵹ǣǶ˾϶Ѿ쵽ˣֻҪҰһϵȥñˣһܲھڣԺûǵĺӹˡһ⡣
ԼҲСģ˶ˡŷüͷ˵
ڸҶïжʵû˵壬˵ϲûǵˡԲǱڶϣԲк³
ģʱҶңҲǺǵģıƼˣʹˣҲҪʧءһɫ
ûôأʲôȥңּҵ飬ҲҪһ˽ˡŷЦ˵Ҳ̫ģԲǴˣȻ֪ô졣
Ҫּҳ֣оһ
ŷͷûж˵ʲôõУּҺ;ϸļ¼ƾһ㣬ԷûдڵıҪˡ
ּĻ֣̿פ㱻ˣѾӵϢ֪˲áΨһڽңϣһ𣬽е϶չˣǾͿ⣬ʲôΣա
Ȼ˵һŷֱţ߿ּҵĴš
ԲãҶ֡ŷ翪ڣɫ䡣
ǹŷ磿кͿڣŷ˸ӡ
ϢͨҲһΪʲô˰ɡŷ˵ɨһּҵĳԱͻȻֲûмԼˣֶüͷһ
֪Ҫ뿪ˣֻҲǣΪʲôǲߣŷɫЩ⡣
к̾Ϣһ˵飬ҪģͶ޹أϣ㲻Ҫ˼޹ңʵ֮䣬ûʲôͻҲûбҪּơ
⵹ҲǣʵҲ鷳ҲˣɱɣҲɱˡŷͷѵô󷢴ȱ
ŷĻк۾һϲ˵ģ

û⣬ֻҪܷŹּҵˣ˵ֻһΣǽǧҶԸ⡣к;ϲ˵
ܹĳԱһ£Լûܹ飬ףǾڣЩǵңǲŵġ
뵽к;ƣҪԼԴȥ
ס֡һֹסĶ
ӴųһȺ꣬Ϊ׵һ̬ưкһۣЦ˭ˣ
ȫ
ˣк͵ɫ̲ס˱䡣
ȫˣųһǿ֮һͷ󣬶ĺƣֻҪԵļȮ
뵽кɫұ䡣
ÿһߵŷǰҪƿ
ŷüͷһ壬һ⣬Ǹһһ£˺ü
˴ЦЦͬų
Ǹ߳ŭһȣŷһ˹ȥл֣ģӡ

һ죬Ǹ˳ȥڵϳ鴤£ûϢ
ɱ˱ɫȫɫ䣬һ˫ӶڹŷϣҪһ
ķչʼϲּҵͻȻһϣϣŷͰȫܾˣк;ͲԲˡ
ŷûлشĻǷʵͶʲôϵ
ȫһȴû˿˵ʲô飬ɱˣһģɡ
ͻȻ֣һ׶ûСȫԹŷһľĸооԼǰվĲһˣһ̫һ㣬ʱܹɡų䲻ĳ֣Ҫ͵Ϯɹŷɱ
ڹŷݣһ㶼⣬ǶԷбǶңʲôʱ¹ˣĳԱ
ŷ綯ҲûɰȫĹԼϣȴһ˺ûС
ᵯָȫҽһ屻һѪֵŹŷ磬ֻһ֣ףԷһԼȫ޷ǿߡ
㵽˭ȫֵĴ󺰡
ŷ硣
˵Լ֣ŷɫƽ
ǰȫһȺȴǰֲļһ˭ˡ


313 
ȫɫѿתߵĳ嶯
ŷйڣҪɱŷ磬սȴ򽫣ԹŷԸ񣬶ڵˣȻûзŹĿܡ
ôʵ
˭ܹȫƣˣˡ
ô㻹ûлشҵأͶйϵ𣿡ŷ˵ֻ۾һֱһĨ⣬ðȫĿУ˵
ϣңŷԻɱ
ǲϣȫҲԸôϾһ嶼ҳϵˣԺʲôĿߡ
ĬŷȴЩͷ˵Ҹʮӵʱ䣬㲻شң͵Ĭˡ
ʮš
ȫͷðϸܵĺˮֵͷܵĳ嶯
ۼŷҪˣȫûпڡ
ŷкһҪ֡
Сһһ¡һ·һùŷֹס˶
˹ȥ֪ʲôʱ򣬳гһŮˣɴ棬һȹһ⽵ڳ绪վȴɢһ޷
ŷоģǿ
һǿ󵽿ֲŮˣеͬһ㣬ùŷо߼ʡָоֻ˵ϸܹ
ϴ󣿡ŷɫЩʵ
ձ֣ӦúҹùãҽԯӢԯ޵еáŮ˿ڣһ㡣
Ļùŷһϴ󣬾Ȼԯ޵еãǴ֪ŷֻ֪ϴһŮˣҷǳƯϴϴҲ˼
ȱʽ飬ʲôŷ粻˵ԯ޵Ǻܹ˵ԯӢˡ
˰ȫСӣּҵ鲻֡ԯӢ˵˴һҪ֪ԯӢһֱǿƣȴڹŷǰãѵͬ˵ģݡ
ֻаȫ֪ŷԯӢĹϵвɵһ
ŷһ˼β̧ͷǿԣӦһŷɫЩ죬ǴһĨЦ
ԯӢɫһֲõԤС
üͷ΢΢һ£ſ˵˵ɣʲô飬ֻҪܹģͿ϶Ӧ㡣
ŷ绵Цһ£˵϶ܹϴףشӦһ¡
ʲô
ڳ˶ɴ۾ŵĶŹŷ硣ϴҪԯӢףˣǹŷˡ
ǿߣ궼ˣӦ͹̸ۼ޵䣬ôͻȻ顣
ԯӢҲһף϶ǹŷϹ˵ġȻʧЦҪףԼһͣǲˡ
ԯӢĻȻǾܾȴһ˼ǲӦҪϴԼס
ϴˣùûӦŷоһԼĿĿҪﵽˣˬ֮£ơ
۴㣬ӦúԯӢһùõġ
ǸˣûǸԯӢɫ΢΢Щм
¶Ҫ˵ôãҲϴͻȻءŷЦ˵һ⡣
ԯӢ˼ڳϴ󣬲ûиоͺðˡ
ԯӢһЦתƻ⣺Сƨ̸ЩʲôҴˣھǵ͵һ㣬Ҫǳ̫飬Ȼ鷳ûǿˡ
ԯӢԱ뿪ŷ罫ĿͶк͡
кͲЦһȻһԼԴ˹ȥ
ĵڵϣּҳԱһУǿŷг˺⡣
ҪɱңǾ֣ܶԼҪŷ˵ֱת뿪ּҡ
صƵ꣬һ
Ǹϼһͻˡŷ羪ȵ˵
˭ͻˣٻǺʵ
ҽһʮ꣬ͻƵҽʥ磬ҽѾˣȥʶһ¡ŷЩ˷ܵ˵
ҽ辶һɣΪҽʥʢȻҪȥۿ֤ҽ֮ľ
ȸ۾ҲҲҽʥˣȻ֪ʮҽʥ֮£ǿҽھȻͻƵҽʥ磬һʢ£˵ʲôҪȥʶһ¡
һȥŷǧҪ׼ȸ˵ͻȻɫһ뵽ʲôһ
ôˣŷʡ
ҽΪҽʥʦʮҽʥ϶ʱλżҴˣ϶Ҫܵ룬ҽ⣬ʦڣʡ͵ĵƣҪСİȸǵ˵
С˼ͷİɡŷЦ˵Ȼûнʮҽʥϡ


314 ʮҽʥ
Ĵ𶯣ʱ꣬ҪΪҽʥˣֵʢ£˸ǣҪ֤һ̡
Ȼ볡ˣ֮࣬⣬ֻһЩټͷˣֽܱ롣
һ죬ǽһׯ԰˷ӵۻҡܶݵųˣܴ˽ģֻˡҽʥ䣬ֽʢ£û˸Ρ
ݵ̸ɫ΢΢Щнúܶ˴һϾѾΪҽʥĶԺˣǿߣҲûонıҪ
֪ȴϳߣ˵ݡ
ҽʥҩʥλǰҽʥֲҽʥ˾нԷǰ
ʱǲ֪ݵˣȻλϱҽʥ
ȿҽʥҽʥӭ𶯣λҽʥ١
ˣȥһ¡ҽʥЦ˵ȻݣȴһϣĿɨû˸ӡ
һƺصˣʮҽʥжкܴϡ
ϼһߵһˣҲЩֵܣһֱ߶ǡҩʥЦ˵ƽֻ֪ͣˣȴԶϱֵҩʥ쳣£ȻҽʥȲɱصˡ
ҽʥЯɾ¡
ǹŷ϶̲סȣߵ󣬶ǻָʮҵòӢ˲Ӣ쳣ɵĹҽʥһ赺ϣӳ
ϼһˡҩʥЦȿڡ
ЦЦôҲˣôഺҶԲһҵĺġ
ҽʥһۣ¶һĨ۵ɫܶ˿ĳˣôŮˣǻǵһμ
ҽʥΪֵһŮòȻ˵פһ֣˵ķͷ
ȿҽʥҽʥǰɫ֣أʮҽʥǰǲ۲۵Ȼʲôӡ
ҲҽʥˣôԺǶֵܡЦ˵ֻҪΪҽʥΪʦֵܣֵĹأʱȫԺƽƽȻд
ǶˣǼһҲӦÿҪˣֻǿϧһ̬ļһҽʥЦ˵ᵽ̬ļһʱ˶һЦȻ
֪ҽʥ˵˭ȻҲףЦ˵飬ѾˣȻԳΪҽʥؽ󲻹ҳʥ
ĻЦˡ
˵ؽ󲻹ҳʥȻΪҽʥܶණ÷µľҪˣʥΪıƽϸ˽һִؽ󣬲κ˶ܹġ
ʮĶԹһ£ţԺߵĸԶ
ҽʥҽʥλҽʥ٣ҲҽʥɫϽŻһ̣һҽʥ
ҽʥȻһũ磬һ泯ũˣȴû˸С
˽Уһ·˲ٹ۹⣬ȴ˿Ϊ⣬еԣһ·̸˹
ʱҽʥ̲סЦϼһûװʲôۣһˣŪôᣬƭСء
һߵĹҽʥɫһ䣬˵ǲˣʲôӣʲô顣
ҽʥһ㶣Ŀ֮¶һĨЦݣһˣ˺ˣҲ˵˾ǣԺɵÿסһ黨ǲݵĽأ뵱꣬ǵǸ
ұ졣ۼҽʥɫԽԽϽһҽʥĻҪ˵ȥָҪ˵ʲôء
˵ҵ֪ʲôǵĹġҽʥɫÿݺݵĵһۣЦ
ҽʥɫҽʥҲ֪ԼˣٺһЦû˵
ԹҽʥвĿ⣬ҽʥǳסˣֻɫȴĿҪγˮˣ֪Լ鷳ˡ
ȻҽʥԼҽʥһûзĿһ˵Ȼȥ˵
ЦݺݵĵҽʥһۣԼһӿɱˡ
ҽʥҽʥҽʥҽʥӭٴ𣬼˶һۣ˳ȥȥӭλҽʥ
ĸûѻӰ룬ǵľջģһô죿ҽʥֹ϶Ǻݺһ顣
ҽʥȫݺݵĵҽʥһۣͣŭѷҽʥɲ뱻Χ


315 ҽʥͻ
λҽʥͬʦֵܣ쳣ءͬʱҽʥҽˣȴ¶档Ȼβˣȴѣ͵˸о˼顣
ӵҽʥͷû֪ǡ
һ·˳ӭˡòӣͨ޷ǳͨͥСͷûһʵĵط
û˸ǣжһĨη
ҽʥֽߵĴڣںܶҽУǾҪĤݵġ
ĸͷˣɡкˣ˵Ǻ֮ܿ䶼ˣԳƵֿѣȻòЩף⡣
λҽʥͷûж˵ʲôֻǴһȥ
ǺܳĬ˵򣬲˽ֻʮҽʥʶǣ˫ֿѡ
ȻΪҽʥȴûнǵȦ뿪һҪʱĥϡ
ʱд٣Ժһİǿߣûгȥӭˡ
ΪҽʥԼĽҪЩ˵ͷҪӭ
֪Ǹһ᲻ҽʥòݣһĨɫ
ԵЩ죬ҽʥЩɵ˵ѵǲ֪
ʲôҽʥһȵɫͻȻֲõԤС
ʲô𡣡ҽʥӣЩɵʵ
ǳˣɱȻǼһƿ·ǸطЦ˵
ĸҽʥɫ䣬𾪵վʲô
һŵӣһŭɫ
֪ʲôӦǵ飬϶ȻûдȥǸطҲµòĻٴλعʱǵĳѾˡϽ͵ĸ˵˽⣬ǲ˵ǿ»ᱩߵġ
ϾǳŵһЩ飬ôһ뿪ʱ֮ڣʵֲˣ˵һ޴Ĵ
Ҳðοˣ׽ѳǳˡҽʥЦ
ҽʥɫѿŭû뵽ξȻˣӦ˵˲ݣõǻˡ
һСˡҽʥҲ˵
ֻеҽʥüͷ壬˵ס죬ǻЩˣΣξȹǣӦ飬޻ûеôô˵
磬֪ôһֱŹεĶ飬ҲΪ˲飬Ǹطֲǲ֪˳𣿡ҽʥ˵޴ʧ£ʧȥ˳̬
һϡͿûҲ죬ϾЩҽʥ֮䵽ʲô飬Ҳ˽⡣
Ӧʲô飬Ұˣ²ǾΪɡһЦСھȻҲˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽Լ̸ȻҲ˸Ҵϡ
ſ˹ȥǿһ꣬Ůô˽ĿдһĨƵǡ
˭ҽʥɫÿʵ
ǿǸ˵ĶӣӴӦʲôûģҰǲòŷȻ˵ʹҽʥԷˬˣȻûбҪ
ǹŷ硣һŷдһĨ졣˹εУʮûͻƵҽʥ磬˵ŷ磬Ӧú޵һȴ֣Լȴһⶼ᲻ͬԼ˵ģ£ʥ
ŷҽʥǰŷһǶһҽʥء
һɣҽʦֵһ
ȮӣáԼ
ŷλҽʥǰ֮󣬹ŷ˿ڡˣ˶ơ
ҽʥЦ˵ȸʦûС
ȸɵĵ˵ͷŽٻǣվ˹ҽʥߡ
ŷȴĿͶλҽʥ˵ҼҵͷӴӦʲô˵Ұɡ
ҽʥЦƾ㣬һζɵС
û뵽εĶӣȻԴˣ磬ľΪԼ˶飬ΪҽʥҲɫǽͷŭ˹ŷϡ
ҽʥüͷһ壬ŷõỤ̊еˡ
뿪ڣȴһѣҡҡͷ
ҽʥһûжֻһ˫ЩȻλҽʥԹŷ̬ȣˡ
ɨλҽʥŷͻȻЦˣЦĺܿҲǳ˵ǱҽʥҲ˵飬ȴһԡ
˻һͬʱɫ


316 ͻӾ
ǳӺƣ༸λҽʥùŷˡ
Ҫڣһ¹ŷ磬ŷɫʱǵı͡ʲôӵӣʲôӵĶӣŷ͹һǿǿȻ˵ĻͱȻмֵ
ҽʥ̲סЦ˳һ˵С֪ߵغ񣬿Ц֮żҺˡ
ӿ֮ʲôɾͣżҪûˡҽʥҲһ̡
λСѣ㻹°ɣ鲻ܹʵġҽʥ˵ҲЩˣ뵽ԼİҽʥҲ˵ʲôֵĻֻùŷ¡
ҽʥû˵ֻǿŷҲ̫ơ
ŷЦ˵խɱǣ⼸λҽʥǰȣ֪˶٣治ôΪҽʥģҲµĲĻǵҽ书ôӦһûаɡ
˻һ˻𡣺Ȼŷ˵ˣ༸Ҳɫ죬֪ƵĽᣬǵҲ˽⣬֪ôȷʵһûС
ħϣǶҽе谭ͣͲǰ
ˣҲһС۵ģϽ¡ҽʥڿڣɫŭŭŹŷ磬ɢһɺ⡣
˵£ǸղҸףȻҪ˵ʵΪҪ£ŷԣλҽʥȴ粽á
Ȼɢµƣҽʥ𾪣Ȼ̾
˵ȮӣŷۣҲ丸ףȻһľߣӲ

ҽʥŭͻȻһ˳ȥ񱩣ȻҪŷȥ
ĲѾע⵽Ķ˹ɫȣȻû뵽߸ϵҽʥȻҲбŭʱ
ŷһܣֱһȭ˳ȥ
⻯ɫȭͷϳ˸ҽʥײһ𣬹ŷ˼ɫ
ҽʥµӷ飬һ򣬲һˤ˵ϡ
һĻ˶о𾪣ҽʥʲôˣƾǿеǿڣֶξ죬Ȼֻһײܹҽʥƽɫ˵ŷĲˡ
Ҫ֪Ų磬־޵ı֣պɾ;ˣҲܿԽԵУսҲ˵
һ񼣣ڻдûй
ڻҿ𣿡ŷһЦĸҽʥһøжûˡ
ҽʥɫѿ˳ŷţһ˫˼㣺СȻôҾͺúô㸸׽ѵһ㡣
߳ŭˣҽʥλߣĤݣߵϱȴһСȺǰŪʧ棬ڻҽʥ˵һܵ顣
ŷ翴һۣȻɨλ˵һ˲ĸһϰɡ
˻һλҽʥɫ䣬͹ҽʥҲɫ̲ס˵ŷ磬Ҫٺ˵ˣλֵܣҪ͹ŷƽϣֻһӣͨʣλֵܲҪ
ߡ
ҽʥȴһĻܲ⡣
ڹҽʥ˺ûзȣ˲˵һƽϣһҽʥеΪ
壬㲻õģ⼸λǰһһҶûаգǣҲ塣ŷ˵ĺƽȴ˵ɫѿ
֮պأʱпܳ֡
ıҲһĻɫ˷ܣڲ²ŷݣҺλҽʥȻŷͷԵĲСٲҽʥĴڡ
̫ˡξҽʥҲ̲סˣŭŷ磬дһĨŭ
˺ʵģֻϲ˵ʵ֪ʲôǲˬĻѽŷƣɫ࣬ǶһۣҪˡ
ʹŷܺͻҽʥƽɫϣһλҲҪ˱ܣǵĶ֡
ǲŹŷһߣܷ˲ɣʹҽżҵĴˣҲܵס˵֡
λһ䡣Ͻվ˳ٲĻ˿¾Ҫˡɲ뿴ĳĴӣҽʥľ磬Ƿ˵ǳĴȻ鷢
ǰ˵ŷòøУҲλҽʥе̫Сˣһֵزء
λǰŷСѣҵĺӣҲҪǻɲΪ񲯣ֻǸһӣȵ֮òãһӣԵЩ
Ҳǣ˭һҽʥ£ҪǻˣѾȥˣ˫һˣûа취ֻܺȰ


317 ͻֹ
ȻǰڣŷҲܲӣ鵽Ϊֹŷȿڣܸмһ۹ŷ磬ɫ΢΢Щ͡
ҽʥȴЦһôˣɫ̣ԼϤ˹ŷ뷨
׳ա
ŷ֣ûҽʥȻŭ
𣬾Ҫ֡
ˣҪˣҲ±ЦҽʥͻȻڣһ˫̺ϣɨŷǣһǿѹ
ùŷ羪ˣλҽʥĸоҪ£ɲݡ
ϵܴϲӣǿɲˣǼϼһҲҪˡҩʥҲ˵һЦܴȺͣ˵ʱһ磬ףһʡ͵ĵơ
ڹŷĸоУλҩʥʵڶҽʥ֮£Ҳһֲǿߡ
˿ڣҽҽʥҲĿͶ˹ʾ⼸˲Ҫ֡
ŷ磬ɣҪ˵ˡҽʥ˵ĸҽʥ񼫶Ȳ±˿ЦѾˡ
õģʦŷͻȻ¶ЦӦһ䣬˹ȥ
һ㶣ȻŷȸһԣҽʥΪʦҲ顣
ŷĳƺŪһ£ҽʥЦˣĿȸһۣЦ˵úӣԺҪʲô˲֪߳ܵ۸㣬ֱӺʦ˵ʦѵǡ
գҽʥûסһۣЦ˵
λҽʥɫ΢΢һ䣬ҽʥдһĨ׹ҽʥĻ˵ԼģǷŭ
Ľ飬ȻֲһҽʥǷˡ
Цùҽʥʵ̫ڳ嶯ˣĺͶһôûУ˼ǿĵˡ
ųҽʥһۣ˵
һǿƣ֮Ժãȴһֱڲߵһ𣬾ΪԸ
ƽϢһȻϽԸˣ֪ͨῪʼ
ܶǰأ
ȻȫӶȥŷͳһפյȻ˵û̫ãǾԳƵһˡ
פյֶ֮УֻйżܹƣôһСţļֵǣպҲɵϴó
ҽʥ˹ŷһֱۣ˵ص׺УҲһšŷͷԼŵʦˣȻ᲻ӦҸղŹҽʥάҲùŷкøУϿһλ
ʦʲôʱʦһġŷͻȻͱͱЦʵ
һ㶣ʲôʦЩӦ
ҽʥȸʦҲҵʦʦϹȻʦˡŷĽ͵ùҽʥ̲סЦ˳
һۣЦ˵ʦԺôƺ
ʦŷһ档
ɫһϽ˵Ǻ˵ʲôǴűҲӦúʦŶԣʲôʦˡ
Ҿúܺŷգգ۾Ц˵
ɫһڣвĶŹŷ磬ȭͷž죬˵úʲô
ŷɫһ֪ϼһˣɫһȻ˵ҵ壬Զ塣
˹ʵʲô壿ѵ廹Ůģ
´ҲûпһŮġ
ƣһӣҲ֪˵ЩʲôˣֻǺݺݵĵһ۹ŷ硣
ףԣǿλʲôҽʥͻȻ˵дһĨ𺳡
ڹУܵһǿޱȣҪǿĶ࣬ܵһ£ùҽʥһһħɽһĸо
ǷġЦĻشùҽʥɴ۾ģһֶܼŷʲôʺˡ
ĸһ£ɫŷʵô£һĨɫǾ쵽ʲô
ŷʼ磬ν˵Ҳ֪ҼѾͷʱ򣬾ѾˣһҪҵš
͹ҽʥڹŷΪ޻˵ˡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣС˵Ҫ˼ҲУǰһҪܴҲС
û⣬İɣʱ䲻̫ˡŷ쳣ŵ˵
֪ʵǿǶԼȴҲǳţԼܹﵽĸ߶ȣԽࡣ
͹ҽʥŹŷ磬ףŷ϶ǲ֪ʵжǿʹŷˣҪߵһҲҪܳʱ䡣


318 ƶĳ
ȥʮҽʥæµһʱ䶼ûС
˶ͽǣҪϹϵϾҽʥųܹ׹ǣ޲ΣܹһλҽʥϹϵĻ۶κ˵һĺ¡
ŷ絹ʽҲ˵ĺԼӴӰ쵽ǺϹϵԲû˹
ŷ絹ûвܡʮһλҽʥЦӦ꣬Ц
ʹҽʥǿƵŮˣЩ飬Ҳ岻
㻷ƣŷԵúڣòĽ
ŮˣһǾŮһȻɬĽã£ԿԳƵɡ
ӵôһȺŮˣۺ졣
̲ס˹
һ꣬ЩŵĿһ۹ŷ磬ſڵλλŮʿŮ𣿡
ŷû˵ָָֻá
ѵλС㣬Ƕİ¡꾪ϲ˵
ҵ˼ǣҵСӣ඼ҵŮˣֻһĿꡣŷ̲סһۣû˵
һ㶣¶ϲɫһĿҲСȻ罯ٻǣҲ٣һСұĸоټСãһȥһҪϧĸо
λС㣬ˡ
˵ˣҪŮѣҲԣҪһСôĻ
һ㶣ͷʵʲô飿
ҽղʲôȥʲôҪ㶯ֻ֣Ҫĸͷһپˡú˵
õĻЦˣһĸҽʥǸ˵Բ𣬴ˡ
ֱ뿪ˣΪһŮˣȥĸҽʥĸҽʥ֣˾ֱӰˣʡΪѡ
Сþ죬е㲻˵
ٻⲻǵӴС⣬Ҫ֪Էλҽʥ˭ҵ˹ŷ֮⣬˭ҪλҽʥϺûʲô
Ѿͷ˽һۣٻЦá
һЦݣЦ˵ʵ֪ҵģҪǸղĸҹȥҿ϶ֹģ˵һᡣ
겻ͨˣ˽õĻʱ¶һĨϧɫаԼС
˻治࣬ϧˡ̾Ϣ
ôѵ㻹˼ȸһ⣬Цʵ
ٻһһֱڷֹķȸĻٻŵá
õıȴһֻһ˦ͷм˵ҲŲϲһɫأϲˣҪһһĶҺá
˻һٻһֻҪòϲŷС
ֻȴûз֣ڽõ۾һĨ顣
뿪ʮҽʥУʽһˣΪʮһҽʥص뿪⣬϶Ἣ١ںܳһʱڣҽʥΪһŵĻ⡣
صƵУŷҲȥˡ
ǵĿģѾɣѾûбҪˡ
ֵܣһŷֻǳġ
û⣬
˵һŷ˹ȥûдȸǣȸŮҲûиǳȥɹȥˣҪһЩص׺С
òҵ˵ǸһСֿ꣬ʽģ󣬵ĺ
˿ŲǽŷƵĿһ۶棬˵磬˲ôɣԷѡһطð
Ҳһҷ꣬ǺǺϵΣ˸Ǻȫһһ¹ڳһɹʿͷ
С꣬ŷֵطƽ۵ִ꣬ᣬһǮһֻ߼δܹ򵽺öǲ̫ǮһǺö
ǲһǧĹʣȾƵءƵ˵
ŷպһھƣĻһ㱻Ǻס˼ĵųһµĹʣȻֻǧǮ
ɡŷ粻˼˵
ӵĿһ۹ŷ磬Ƶ˵˭˵أΪ˶ԱЩȨǹȴ࣬Щ˶һЩȱǮңţϴ󲻻׬ǮԼҪûйһ붼ûУҺܶʱ񣬶ϾŽǮоѵġ
ŷĿɿڴȻôҡ뵽ֱ뻳ͳһ֧Ʊˢˢдʣ˹ȥ
磬һǧŻҡŷ罫֧Ʊ˹ȥҲûѹʱΧĿⶼˡ
Щ˱ɫмתͷȥΪŷڴţƤϾܹóһǧˣҪԷ


319 
۾ϲĽ֧Ʊ˹Ȼ뻳С
ڽǮǲǺ⣬һǧѣȻ˵ңû׬Ǯ뷨Ҳйϵ
Ϊһǿߣ쳣ǿֻ֣ҪڣͻĳƱ͹÷
ֻǳмôΪĵػ֮һ鳤ϣǳųҪԵĹκ˳Ͼùϵ
Ȼŷ粢ڴУǰֵܣҽżҵĴˣžΡ
ߣǶȥ˵
վһȺʳ;ȵУֱȥһ룬ŷͣ΢΢üͷղʻȥһ
ôˣЩɵʵ
һѺǳˣȥһ£Լȥ԰ɡŷһֱӹϳš
Ҫæĵʵ
ãֻһȺСϺף˾ʦҸǰһɫŷָǰĳ˵
˾ɫһ࣬Щ˵磬Ұɣҿɲʲô顣
ŷûбֻǴӻֱͳһǮֱ˦˹ȥ
˾۾һ˵ӡ
ϣܲġ˾һͷŪۻңղŻԸȴǴ˼ѪһĿųӣַľͷùŷ綼Щ𾪡
˾û뵽ֻǲμһᣬ˭֪㱻һ˸ˡԷھкȨƣҪǮõȴܾˣ˭֪ԷȻȡֶΡ
ĽסȴûвأϰҪŮˣǻҶ
ƽȵʻ󿪵һȻ˽ȥ
˽ȥǿеק˷档һʱʱ¶һĨϲɫ
ӣƲԳԷƣң㲻ڲҪҵĴȥ˴Ц˹ȥҪ°͡
ɫһ䣬ͻȻһ˳ȥ
˱һϽ㿪ȻһƳ˹ȥ
ϳһİӡŭĶˣŭвţϽңΥġ
вŵ˴Ц˵ʲôǷӾǷһĶֵ棬Ӿţġ
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Цһ˵湻ҪģǾǣĸСɽ㻹ģ浱ǰ׳أҸ㣬÷ңȻĻѾԲŹġ
ѣЦˣһȺļһ붯ңΪ˭ڱ˵Ǹ߲ʣҺвŵУǾһȺŪķвЦ
źвţЦҲбѣ׺й٣Ҳû˵
ʲô١вһ֣һҪѸ׺й٣һУǿޱȣúܶǡ
һˣѵĻ鷳ʹˡ
ҪԽ̶Ըһˣǳס
漴вž侲Ц˵ȻҲ֪Ǵ֪ٵֵģȴţĻйϵҾôҵĵ̣ĸţǻҪţܷ
в˵ĺܰҲֻ˵˵ѣ棬ֻҲ˵ڡ
ȻܿɫɫȥЩвŸûзŹ˼
ҪڹŷѾˡŭ
˵ˣ˿϶ӲŲʲôأҵǰвŵ˵
Խŷ磬Խ֮ûйϵҪŹŷͷѹ
ֻĻʱһˣôɱң
۾һ޾ĺڰУͻȻ˹һ㣬ϲغŷ磬ˡ
顣
űһ߿һɫĹŷ˽аЦ˵ôôңҪҸղ׼ʹһȾƣ¾Ҫˡ
˵Ҳ밡˭ֻ֪쵰㿴ҵ
ŷ翴ϵİӡ֮ɫɢһɱϢ¶һ˲·𽵵㡣
ҪʲôвЩֵ˵о˷ı仯ʱףǰ겻ͨˣʹǸʲô٣ҲԼܹԸġ
ŷЦ˵ղŲҪɱˣôɱ㶯֡
ǹ٣в𾪡
ŷЦˣɢһµİһΨҶƣѹĺвֱӹȥ


320 
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ɥ͸ղŵȫˡ
Ҳɱ㣬ͷһӵ̫ɡŷЦһָһںвŵʱúвŲҽһ
ѪܣǸطѾȫΪˡ
вŰһֱ˹ȥ
һȺڿĿɿڴкŷûжǶֵ˼һ
ŷߵߣĸʵѾͷû°ɡ
û¡Ц˵ǳǿȻѾˣûбҪٽ飬һŻӡ
ҲȷʵǱŻˣֻûбֳѡ
ϸоһȻͼŷ罫ƿЦ˵ûˣ㿴ŷָָԶһӣԼӡѾȫʧˣЩϲ
лл㡣
ڹŷ棬Ѿֲˣ۹ŷκ飬˵Ǻġ
߰ɣ̫ˡŷ˵һۺвţԷѾ˹ȥˣڲͣѪʱ͵ҽԺ棬˵Ҫˡ
ȴùЩҲǶԷӦе³ŷԿ϶һûٻŮӡ

뿪ôͽ˳ȥ
ôˣŷʣǵʱڰ׺С
ŷʻɫһ࣬Щ˵ҼҾھǣҰ費ãⶼʲôˣҽ飬ҪҰ׶󣬲Цǻ׵ġ
ŷɴ۾ףҲ̫˰ɡ
ٹʮ꣬׷Ҳһһѵģõôż
ɣŷ̲סһ䡣
˹ŷһۣû˵˵ʲôֻǹҡ
ðɣûûˣҲȷʵһˣôļ޲ȥŷЦ˵
һû˵ֱһ˳ȥ
ŷϽ㿪Ȼһ͵Ц
ŷӣһͻȻһ뵽һ⡣
а취ˡЦ˵ŷڷ⣬ùŷһֹ
ʲô취ŷ羯ʵ
Щ⣬Ц˵ܼ򵥣װѣȻҸĸ겻׼飬ǾͲˡ
СŷȻܾ
Ϊʲô̲סʵ
ŷɺǿֱԲ䣺㳤̫ˡ
ᣬ漴۾һתЦ˵ҪװҲУҾ΢ϸҵķ˿һֱڿ׷㣬һֱܾһһֱ׷ֱӦΪֹ
ŷһĿɿڴôˣա
˿飬ŷǼʶģʱ϶ҵȻиҪõݱ١
뵽ŷһͷϽ˵ˣ̣ˣвС
Ӧˣһϲ
ŷһΪѵĵͷֹ̫ˣơ
˵ʲôһۡ
һŷЦ˵ûʲô߰ɣϱ
һ§סһɻĶŹŷ磬һﲻԼ
װŮѣȻҪһ㣬ѵ㻹ҷֿ߰˺úƣϳɾûСŷȻɻӵ˵
ɣܡ
ǷǳһִǻۣĳҲ뱻ʱͽΡ
òһ˾òʱ򣬲һ㾪˳һݵ˵ż񡣡
ŷ̾ķ˿޴ڡ
˾ǩһĸסĵطһСЩƾɣǷǳϢ
ǵ̬ǳִĸûнȾһ
ҰǷǳɵˣ᲻ھӺͻȻסЦ˵
ŷͷɨһܣЦ˵һõطЩլҪСټˡ
·ĲˣкһȵӡûжٳݣϰΪˡ
ǶھӣС󣬶˴ǵĺӣϲ
Ҳؽˣүү̵岮̣ǳĹɡ
Ů˭ϲġ
ļңֱóԿ״ţ˽ȥʱʱסˡһ꣬װģ쳣Ӣʱʱ¶ϲɫ
ʶҲŴԣڣһ˫۾ǻŵһĲ


321 ĺ
κ硣Щϲغ
κ費ǱˣСʱھӣ֮ϵһֱܺãһֱκЩĽ
һֱʮʱκͻȻˣ֮Ҳûϵ
һκͻȻǰЩϲʶҪ߹ȥͻȻһͣһ۹ŷ磬Ц˵ҽһ£λҵѹŷ硣
˻һһüͷһ壬ĿͶ˹
ľˣĸĸ
ʵʲôʱˣô߲֪
ǰôûжԼ˵أĸҲڣЩǸĿκһۡ
κһָ̻֮˳̬Ц˵ҽκ裬λôƺ
֣һѺõӡ
ŷҲ֣˵ҽйŷ硣
˵һһϢûŷУŷһ䣬סõϢֱ
ַֿκ¶һĨɫЦ˵ŷһ˲ţ֪߾ء
ҲĸҪ֪⣬ǿŷ粢ڣ棬ûκá
һСݣܹȥŷӣ˵
ԭһλϰ壬ΪκɫЩɫ
κһۣЩ˵Ŀɲһķݣǡ
һרʳķݣһҲиʮģܹȥŷĻ
ɻĿһ۹ŷ磬֪ʲôʱô͵ˡ׺еժ¥˵ԲһЩ˾
ŷû͸¶Լݵ˼Ҳûм˵ˡ
ʮ򣬺ǺǡκЦһֻɫеĲмӵˡ
Щ񣬴ʱκ裬еȫһԵú̱ܿͷ̡
жκҲûһøУŹŷԼĸĸһĨɬ˵ŷҵѣԴӽ쿪ʼǾͲҪҰˡ
ĸЩ㶣һСϰ壬ʮģЩɵסˡȻƶܹԼŮģһ̲СϾԼ룬ҲѾˡ
ľȴûзŮ۹⣬һֱ׼Ȼ˹ŷ磬ŷͿ϶Ĺ֮ĻԲܽķ۵ġ
뵽Ц˵ŷǰɣϽŸŷ絹衣
ĸҪȥ衣
վ˵ɡ뿪ȥݲȥˡ
Ŀ뿪ײſ˵ŷʲôʱʶģǿʼˣĸýܹ죬û˵ѣȴͻȻһлɡ
Ǻ֮ǰʶˣֻһֱûйϵǰһʱ䣬ڰ׺пݳʱǲʽڴҵǰĸѵûпһƵ𣿡ŷЦʵ
ŷĻһ㶣ͻȻùŷЩ졣
ϸĴһŷںƵϵغһ¶ȵɫ
ԭǸ轣ˣһ˵أʲôʱʶһӣԭѣֲءĸ׾ϲ˵ŷһ׽裬úܶ˳Ϊķ˿һʱ䣬Ҫ֮ϡ
ĸףˣϲĲˡ
¶ɫ̲ס޵ĽҲˣҲ˰
õ˸ߵŷЩա
Ҫ֪У｣裬ѾµĽˣ޿ɳԽ׽Լ֮ȣһֿ϶ŷȴĳϣȻͲˣԴˡ
ˡŷЩεЦ
һߵκɫЩÿŷвʱһ⡣
ŷ翴κһָۣƽ͵ӣֻǹŷѾоɱ⣬Цѡ
˲ݸŷ硣
ŷԼĸ̸һЩˡֻҪŷһνԼĸӦȥҲᱻˡ
ҿɫҲˣǳȥԷɡκͻȻʶԼٲڵĻ¾Ҫˡ
Ŀ壬κȻԸ⡣
ãҲóԷʱˣѡһõطɣ͡״Ц˵Եúܺ
˵ЦˣôƷѣѾĺԤλãֱӹȥˡκЦ˵ֻ˵ĺʱȴһĨ
ĺҲ̫ݳ˰ɡĸ̲ס
ĺǾݳ޵ľ¥ǻԱܽȥĺУֻ벻ûԲԶԣˮƽҲݳ޵ˣһԱҲ˭ܹӵеġ
ʹڵĵλҪŪһĺĻԱҲʮֵĲס


322 ӭ
ϾȵɫκЦˣͰ̳ԷȻҪѡõĵطĺǵݡ
Ȼ֪ƨĸǺǿκдһĨϧҪǹŷɱĻκŮѡ
ȴЩ⣬κһۣеԽԽǿˡ
¥κ迪һոµĺֵЦŷ˵λЩҪ򳵹ȥɣ
ɫһ䣬λܿ˴´࣬κǺԹŷ硣
ĸҲһͷһЦû˵ʲô֮飬ǲ롣
ǰСӶ㣬˭ӮԼŮԼŮҸ
ŷȴҡҡͷ˵ˣһ¾ˣʵڲУҵϡţ˽ȥ
κɫһŷЩ䡣
ǰһ¾ˣٴ򳵵Ļ̫鷳ˡЩӲĸ׿ڣһӲա
ҲֻǵĹŲκǿһĨЦ˵
û£İɣȻ⳵һ㣬ǲġŷЦе˵Լȣʾ
ԥһ£복棬ֱŷϡ
ŷһ§ס΢΢һͻָ
κмҪðˣݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣص˼ʻλ档
ĸǺЦ˳档
ƽȵķȻ˳ȥŷͷ̾ĳһϸ˾
κһ飬׹ŷ˼һﾹȻԼһ˾ˡпŭȴɫ˵ʲô飬ϰãȻѧῪǾҪһõˡ
˻һĸкԥ¶͵ɫ˶Ǵѧڣƽʱо쳣Ͻ̬ȣǵĿζ
Ŷŷ絭ĻһԵúν
κֶеˣк͸˹ŷ磬ֱҪǧˡ
͵Ц˭͹ŷˣıŷȫλĴ֣öԷ嶼ܵشһûκνڲ٣ʲôֶζʹ
ĺ󣬲ڷģһԶأʻ˰Сʱǵĺ
һĺ󣬹ŷ綼ЩˣڻԻͣɵ˼㣬˵ִǱϽǻҪҫۣ಻ռؼ㡣
ſһټͣͣ˼ӣ͵ĶǺü𲽵ġ
Ǵʯ̾ͣɾļܹӳ˵Ӱӣʹŷ磬Щզ࣬طҲ̫ˣһƬ͵ûǮ
ŷ羪ȵӣκЦоУֵطԭα¶ˡ
֪ҪҪǮأŷ˼һᣬͻȻ˵
κڿɵһ񿴹ŷ磬˵ôǮԷҲ
ִܹʹģ˭ôһǮ
ùŷ˵ˣ̲סѵټֵʮڣҪǲܵġ
Ŷ
ŷ΢΢һЦɫЩÿɷ
ȽȥɣҪ˵ЩʵʵĻˡκ赭˵ŷһĨ̡
ʵʣֱָŷ硣
ŷȴ⣬ζĿκһۣһʱܳ¡
κϣܵһϤϢҪҳһЩԹŷܹκһƣ̵ڡ
ȥͯסˡ
κֱӵݳһɫƬͯʱɫһɣһκĹŷǣͯЩΪѵ˵Բֻܴ˽ȥԻһλ
˻һκ¶һĨɫתһ۹ŷ磬Ц˵Ĳ˼֮ǰûпǵֻһҪίһ£ǳԵĲˣΪһЩ
ӣŷ絭˵ǾͶлˣҲϰ߳ԴĶιǸʲôͯϰ˭
ͯüͷһ壬ɫ˼ĻܣԲܸ
ǲû̫Сŷ磬Ͼϰģ϶һЩԼʵš
УҲΪǣȥǵϲ㣬˵׺йˣӭӡŷ絭˵ȴһĨɵİԵ
ͯɫһ˾Ҫȴһͯסɫ˵ǺãԵһ£ȥʾˡ
һͯʹһɫͯ˽ȥ


323 Ŀ
ĺ칫ңͯš
洫һˬ˭
ûлԱҪȥһȥӭͯŷĻȫתһζûС
쵰ҴȥǸŭغΪĺľ˵߸ϣǺܶҪһӣ˵ȥӭˡ
ǡͯһϽش
Ҫ뿪ͻȻ칫ִǸ˽ʲô֣εԵ΢һ㡣
Գư׺й١ͯ˵
ʲô칫ҴһȻŮ˵һúű򿪣һ΢΢Щ˳˳
͸ŷ죬ͯһƯŮˣڰ칫档
ɫһݣװʲôûпͷ
Ǹ˵Լǰ׺еĹ٣ɫѿʲôµһ
һĻ֪ͯԼˣǸԳƹٵ꣬Ȼ򵥡
϶ĵͷɫÿˣͯһۣ͵һķǳãԺҵְɡ
ͯϲû뵽ԼֻǴһϢܹõλáΪ֣ĺУνλȨˣһ졣
л֪ҿɲһ䣬Ǹٵʲôˣͯ΢΢ԥһ£ǿʵ
ڹŷݣ쳣档ǰ׺еĴУĺԶھǣҲûбҪôɵɡ
һˣҲһ񣬾ϰ壬ζ˵ͯ𾪡
ϰ嶼ǵˣʲôĴڣ
ſڣκһ˵֣ҿ㻹ǸϽ뿪ɣĺ󱳺ǿˣղŵĻѾˣСǶ㲻
κĻĸҲһЩģǲ˽ŷ磬ȴ˽ĺһӵкǿĴڣϰͷľˡ
һЩˣﶼҷ˵ĸ˹ӭˡ
ģһԷĵطѣһûзϡŷ絭˵һνӡ
κ費˵ЦһվһߣȴŷЦ
ǲģŷıʶûˣ󲻵ʲôܹ˺
λǹ٣һͯ;˳ڵǾ
ɨһۼˣȻֱκ˹ȥͷһĵ˵¶ľ⣬ĺľ֪ټ٣ˡ
̬ŵͣ˶ɴ۾
κɣűһ䣺ҲеĹ١
˻һκɫˣָָͯͯŷ硣
κʶԼϴɫͨ죬ȴûԥϽ嵽ŷǰͷ˵ڡ
ˣ֪˭ľҪȥԷûлԱòýȥŷ粻ͷ˵һκ裬ǴһĨЦ
ãô᲻ã˵ǽȥԷĺ󣬹ҪҲֻһ仰顣κ˵
Ļȴˡֵǵĺ󣬹ŷҪֻһ仰飬Ҳ̫˰ɣκ費ֻһô˵Ļ
𾪵һۣκЦĺĿˣʲôҪǶӦģϰ˼
˻һ˸ˡĸŷ񶼱ˣףŷԲ˵ʲôСϰ壬ݾԾޱȡ
׺й٣ͷǶôʹɴ˿ɼжôǿơ
㵽׿ʲôꣿĸ̲סһ䡣
ժ¥ҿģһ͸ҵġŷӣЦ˵
ٴˣժ¥Ȼ˵ģһķ꣬Ȼĺ󣬵ҲֵˣȻ˽͸˹ŷ硣
һ仰˵ˣ𾴵Ŀ˲ңǲĸǣ˵԰ɣŷЦ˵
ָָˣľ׹ŷ˼Ͻͷ˵ĲĸĺصĿˣλ롣
һĵӣǫ̬ȣĸЩ֪ˡǰ˿ɲһˣĺľƽʱСǿῴһ۵ġ
ȴĵ֪һжΪŷ硣
ŷǺЦվһߣӸоŷĲ
κ裬ɫ࣬ĺΪ˲ȡĸĺøеģͬʱչԼʵڿȴߵһ壬ŷݱҪˣΪȫ˹ŷ磬չʾԼʵ


324 ľ
ڶľ£һ䡣
˵ǰ䣬˵һСԺӣϷȴǱϵġװ飬ɢɫĹ
һյյĹƵ쳣ݳޣģֵˡ
˵ĸǹŷκ˶ЩɵˡǼݳޣݳ޵زȴûм
ףں棬˼㡣
ǣĺİᣬΪֹֻùᡣκ辪ɫ𾪡
ˣЩʵ
ӵĿ˹ŷһۣκ迪ڵһźͶ쵼ĺϰ壬֮⣬ˡ
УκʶԹŷ˵Ļûһ˿١ܹᣬǵõĺϰǾ
ľ˵ŷĺĿˣڹάŷ硣
ŷҲЩȣĶľļЦ˵㵹ˣȥ׼˰ɣǵü۸ۡ
Ļ̲סЦ˳һﻹҪء
ľҲǿЦã˵ٷİɣѣȫѡ
ãٺ٣ˣȥ׼ȥɡŷ˰ֵ֣ӻȻûнľС
ľҲ֣ԷһҪǶ̫ء
ľ뿪ĸŷɫЩ졣
ĸʵĲôȣһһݣһҽҽ΢õ㣬ǶôӦʲôҪҰɡŷںߡ
㻹һҽĸ˶һۣŷʳһЩҽϵ⡣
ϣŷ粢Ϲ˵ҽ֪ʶǿ˵˶ƿԣܶ⣬û
ǿŷ𺳣꣬ԽӴԽܹܵĲ֮ǿõκ裬ҪȵĶˡ
칫ңľڴ绰
˵ʲôԷǹŷ磿
绰ǱߴһľȴһӡɫشԳƹ٣ҿò磬Ӧˡ
ҴһϢҪǱЩ˵
ү費ҪʵݣľԵЩԥ
˵ûбҪΣŹżҴ˲һˣǼҪָԪҪż˵İæС
֪ˣү
ľ⹧˵Ǳߵĵ绰ҵһ۹ŷڵİᣬ˹ȥ
Ѿϣɽ亣ζСԹ˺öˣҲЩۻңܶණʶ
κ裬ӶѾɳˡϳ˺ܶɫδԹģЩɫĺ󣬶ӦģֻһٲֻƽԱܹԵһʱصܹԵء
˰Σľ˽ŷǰ˵ܲܽһ˵
˶ľһۣŷ絭˵ʲô飬ҳ˵ȲĻͱ˵ˡ
ܲöľЦֻܵ˵ͷ˳ȥ
СţҪ΢һЩҪ̫ǿӲն۰ͻȻѵԽŷԽ⣬ֻǶʽ΢һЩͬ
ŷ̫ڸӲˣĻһǿˣ׳£ٲ֮ء
ŷЦŵͷһܽ˵ӣϻοһбŮ˭ϲġ
һ۹ŷ磬ףŷôаء
κ裬ϵıǳ˴һѿ֪ԼĿ޷ˣĸڶ˹ŷ磬ûһᡣ
һٷζڹŷԵĺܿġ
һٷκ뿪ŷָͷ˶һϢκϣȴ
ųͲͲĸؼңȥ̸°ɡŷһڴĶľ˵ģڷԸԼһˡ
ľȴϲޱȣŷϺԼĽ̸ﻹôࡣ
˳ӽĸ˻ȥŷľİ칫ңЩŵĶľ⣬ŷͻȻЦˣǶľ˰ɣҵʲô飿
ľһ㶣û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ³ԼݡЦŵ˵ͷľͻȻŷˣپȾǶľ塣
ŷһ㶣üͷ˵¹úõ˵ľ巢ʲô飬ҼǵòĻǶľҵʵ֮³صĿ׼ңҲȥɡ
ľԻĵһͷʵ쳣ֲ³صĿ׼ҡ
ǾȻԼȣùŷЩ˼顣
ŷĻľЦЩߵ˵ľǿƣҲֺ;ڵְҹӦҲ֪һεǶľұĵˣ֮£ʵѾ֮ǰˡ


325 ҽʥ
ٶǰľһħɨ£ҪưġһƬȷѪУʹûʵ
ҲǸʱǿ֣»һƽ١
ԣľұ˻ˣһħΧˣľҶһ㱻ˡջǿ׼ҳ棬űסǡ
ֻǾһۣľʵ½ʷ͵㣬ֱڣҲûȫָǴǧĴ壬ʼΪľӹʥ˵ӣǱļ壬Ѿʱĳˡ
Ȼľҵʵָûдﵽǰȫʢ״̬ڱֺ;ѹסѹǺġ
ŷͻȻǰһʱ侻͵˵뾻һطȨĻӦǶľء
ֻһôˣŷе벻ס
ѵûʲô𣿡ŷʣŶľûСձ󣬶ľ岢СӦûвٵ̡
ˣľ˲أүˡ
ðԵֺ;ڣΪβ׼ȣŷʵ׼ľĹϵһֱܲԿԸ֪֮󣬶ȻԹۡ
ˣһصʵ³֣³زð׼Ҳڲ֡ľش
ŷԽԽ˼ˣȻһ⵹Ȥˡ
үûУŷͻȻʵ
ľ̲סЦֻˣڱ
Уذ׺Уүȥңô죬ҹˣǶʢдһлɡŷʹ˵Ȼһ߿ţ˳ȥ
ľ¶ϲɫȻĿĴﵽˣŷԸ֣ǶľҶȹһѹء
Ͻһ绰ľүϲ֮󣬲ȥ׷ŷ磬ųӽ˻ȥ
صƵ꣬ŷȴĿĸˣĸ˲Ǳˣλҽʥʱ˵̫ãǱףǱ˱һһ
ŷɴ۾˵ôˣȻ˸ǴҽʥҲ̫ţ˰ɡ
˹ŷûкøУ˵ҲǷ̡
ɫһײŭŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ҽʥŭŷ磬ŮףŹҽʥǻֻһġ
Ǳҹŷ磬ѯһ¹ε飬˭֪ȴһŮȻһԲ֮£ͱˡ
뵽ǸֲŮ˵һĨɫǾãҲδλŮǿ
ʲôǱҵŮ˴ģŷ羪ȵ˵뵽˳ֵ˭ˣ˹࣬ȸҲûͣŹҽʥ
ɫдһĨЦŷ粻м˵ĸҽʥһŮ˴ˣҪҪǣһǽһͷײˡ
˵ʲôҽʥŭվָŹŷҪ֡
һɿֲѹǵϣҽʥֱſɫǵͨ죬һ仰˵
һഺ˵Ӱ֣ŷʱ¶һĨϲɫ˹
磬û°ɣ⼸Ҫ۸ңҴһ١һ߷ߵı飬ܵʲôίһ
ᣬ˭۸˭ˣǱıףλ̿һ鶼ûкòá
رǻҽʥпԣѹſڵϣ˵ֱĳ裬ŭıҪѹѹƣһжͽͣȻһƵӣ˹ӿֲѹǵϣǶһ˿Ѫ
ŷ綼ˣ֪ǿ󣬵Ȼǿزǹŷû뵽ġϴ󣬶δǿʵ
ѹλҽʥʹŷ綼̫ܿˣϾ˵ʵأھǿп֣Կһˡ
ʵǿʲôزǿ߿Ҳ˰ɡ
ŷͻȻãԼҪӵŮˣ»кܳһʱ·Ҫߡ
ˣſǰɣϷѣ̫⡣ŷСԴЦ˵
ԥһ£ջơ
ûн˷УֻǺвٻǵİȫ
ʲô飿ŷˡ
Ҫ֪㸸ǲȥǸطҽʥڣЩɳơ
ŷʼ磬˸˵Ҳ֪Ҷ֪˵Ǹطһʲôĵط֪Ķĸҵġ˵ŷһ£ˣ˸žʵǸطǿԸ𣿡
СشŷĲˣһˡ


326 ˷
֣ɫЩأˣᶨҡҡͷ
ΪʲôŷʣеŭˣԼĸϢԼȴ֪֪ȴڣֹ͸¶
Ц˵ܸ㣬£ûеô򵥣кܶ飬ǲ˵ڵġ
ͱǸطô֪սϣδҵĶ֡ŷٴʣҽʥоڵ׵ģþֶΣδĶ֡
Ĭ漴˵Ǻ㲻һһԺ㣬ڣС
ܼһضû
ŷܹܵľģǾԲԼġ
ͻȻڣ磬ҪҪҰץסͷ֪Ķ
𣿡ŷʵеԾԾԡ
ϸĴһĵͷе鷳ǾԿԡ˵ĺܿ϶ȴһ
Ц˵ץסңҲ˵ġ
ŷͻȻЩȻζİ˰֣˵˰ɣһ֪ģҲż
§ס࣬Ҫص䡣
оһͻȻ˵ŷ磬ֻҪΪﵽ磬սһҾ͸ࡣ
ɡŷν˵
һ죬Щ֪̫ˣֻͽա
ŷ뿪ȴЩĶˣüͷ˵ѵ˴Ӧʲô𣿡
ҽʥЩ߷߲ƽŭǴӦǣڹλڵ£˶֪ȥˣǴӦǵ飬ΰ쵽
ǴӦǵ飬Ȼ԰쵽ǹβڣ⼸Ϲͷأ㲻õġ˵һĨɫżˣһĨв˵֪Ǹ߹ŷһЩڻҪ֪ĶҶǲ
ǳвĸҽʥɫǷŭѣҽʥɫŭҲвǣʯ٣ΪǾһʵ
мĿһۣûлشתߡ
ɫѿûнԼϣзŭ˼㡣
û̷ֻĿ뿪ķȻ뿪˾Ƶꡣ
ߺ󣬹ŷһ߳˼˵̸ˣֻȴʲô˼
ȴܿĸҽʥλҽʥͣһ·ˣ׺λҽʥǴɹʲôЭ顣
ֻΪ׵뿪Эܴܿɲˣĸҽʥżˡ
ֻǵĻȴùŷЩɻѵ˻ʵɣ
˦˦Դûж룬˳Ȼɣٲ߻һ࣬ԹʵҲʲô˻
ص䣬ŷŮ˻ӣߵҡ£ĸӦԼµһϢȻӴ˳ȥ
ڿӵȸ͹һۣ֪ŷ뿪ˡ
ҹУŷһֻ񣬽¥УܿһͨС档ܵԼµһϢⶰ¥Ķ¥
ŷĵǱ˹ȥ¥Ĵ£洫һϤ
ʧˡκվһ˵ǰһܵ˵ԵЩţһ˫۾Ķˣ
ô£˿ڣһɫκ迴Уʱһ¡
Ͻ͵ǵ鱨ˣˣһŷ꣬ͷͦģĺϰ壬֮Ǹ˵еİԷ
˻һ˻һɴ۾ʵ˵ʲôǸ˽ŷ磿
һ𾪵ӣκһֲõԤУѵǸʲôڶǡ
κ˵ͷɫһ䣬ͻȻһƳ˳ȥκԶ
˵Ϊʲôҡǳ⣬Ȼȥһŵӡ
ôˣκ豻ˣηʵ֪ǷʲôˣͻȻŹԼ
ĸûлشŷȴԷشˣ˵Ϊĸɱ
Ӵ˽һӡ
κɫ䣬û뵽ŷ羹Ȼҵһ̸֮
ɱǹŷ硣κͻȻ󺰵Ȼûע⵽ŷǿɵƵ
һĿЦû뵽ԼӦһŷѾˡ


327 Ӧ
ұ졣Щŭĵκһۣŭ
κ費˵ˣͻȻ֣Լĸŷֵʱ򣬾Ȼں£ַһѵŷȸҪ
һĶ֣һ£һﳤһȴһ۲۵ıȥˡŷĵ˵
˿Цҡͷ֪Ѿˣβܲɱң
ʲôôŷ粻м˵
ҿΪṩ鱨ֻҪ㶯֣ͻǰ֪ʱ˺˵
κһǳıѣ˼ĶˣΪʲôľ
ǾڶҵĴʲôʱãŷ̡
Ҫ鱨Ǻǿ󣬵ֻҪȴκβ
Ůأ˷һ䡣
ŷɫһ䣬ĿͶ˵ϣɫ˱䣬̲ס˺˼
㲻ɱңӦеж㶼ǰ֪˿ڣɫЩţûиղôĲˡ
ŷΪˣоһƵˣҲ˵⣬ŷͲ⡣
ĬãеЩѹ֣˵ð˺ˮÿһÿһ붼·ڼ尾һ
㣿ŷͻȻ̧ͷдһǿѹˣһ
ҰԾģһҵҾΪṩж鱨ΥģúҲǰɫ£ָ췢ġһŷ綼ЩˣԾģĵ˾ԲұѣȻԾȻӦġ
Ǻܶģ·ڤڤУһڵڹעһС
Уôŷ翴κһۡ
κһ䣬׹ŷ˼ԥҪȥ
кһͻȻ֣һκıϣκһڵûϢ
ͽˣ𣿡ԵЩĵ˵
⣬ղ˵ĻҲͦģԾ¼Ժʱ䣬ٻζһ¡ŷóֻ˲ż
ղ˵Ļظһߣɫúѿ
֤ϣǲԵķɣҪڶܣֻҪŷ罫һ¼ųȻ֮ءڶͽǷǳģ붼̲סľ
ٺαأǿЦ˵
ŷɫһЦ˵ڶܱѣѵָڷԣ¼Ļֻǵĺû⣬ѵʲôĵط
ŷɢһɱϢðһϽ˵ˣҲ˼һ߾ȫΪٷģġ
оŷɱٶ˵һϻ
üǵԼĻȻĻƨ¼Ҫɱ㣬練ơŷ絭˵һµţð
Էǿƣһʱսģڵĸ߲㶼־ˣܵһ޵еơ
ŷ뿪ˣǰ㣬ȴһĶУ״ӽ쿪ʼԼڹŷУԷҪҪ͵
ҪúõĻȥúõΪŷ¡
ŷصƵʱ򣬼Ů˶˯ˡϴ˸裬Ҳûȥǣֱɳ˯ˡ
һֱܳʱ䣬ŷоһĶԼϣʱˣ۾һٻվһӣСĸϣĶ½ˡ
ţáŷͻȻڣٻһ
Щյ˵볳ġɫЩ
һѽٻ§УŷЦ˵ţҰ㡣һ˵ֻýٻһڹŷĻУһɾ޴Ҹдȫ
Ҳ㡣ٻ˵ڹŷŻȦȦҸɫ
ӵһ𣬾ɳ棬ѵõİ
峿˲˹ǶһۣԿԷеİ
Ϲʲôʱģô֪ȸŹǷ˳ɳϵĽٻ͹ŷ֮󣬶ʱ¶һĨɫ
ĺ£ɳôңһûгԹָоءȸ¶ǵ˵ýٻɫһ졣
̲סȸһۣٻŲأϹˣȥ𴲰ɡ
ٺһЦȸӵķ䡣úӵķдӵļȸĴЦ峿·𶼳˻Ԫء


328 ŷİ
ȸһå̲֮ͨ߳ס
ȸȴһܵɫӺ޺޵ĵҪһ
ȸʲô飿ŷʵ
ɫˣͷûлشŷĻŷӺˣʣȸȴһסȻû˵һˣôôԣŮ֮飬֪ʲôϽһߴȥ
ŷ俪Ȼսӣɫһ䣬ֱŷߡ
ŮåҪҡɫ˵ȸĿýٻЩˣȸʲôŭԹˣһƢӣ
ƲƲ죬ȸЦ˵Ͳһٻء
Զ㡣ٻһ˵
ȸ¶ߵɫ쳤̾ҪɣѵҪң
һӣԵúǵƤ̲סЦ˳ͽҲ𴲣ţȵŷǳȥ
һ緹˱˷ɻɻذ׺С
²Ű׺еĴصʱ򣬼˶¶һӡ
ǵãǶˣ뿪һƬأʱȴѾ˷ˡȸҡͷԵĸ̾
̲סɫһڣ뿪òá
Աһүӣȸĸ̾ʱͬе˵Сϴأ޸ë˥˷ˡ
үһ̾ӣȸ˹ȥĶԷļȻһͬ˵ı顣
ŷ缸ֱһЦˣȸҲ̫ܶˡ
үӣ˴ֱӻص
ţӽסˣҪٻȥˡŷ翪ڣǿƵҪסڱ档
Ӵһ£ŷͻȻʶһ⣬ļŮˣ߷ʵ̫ˣҲֻһˣûа취չ˵ÿһˡ
ҪԼļŮ˼һױ
ðɣЩԥϿ˹ŷ磬ʾҪסһȽϼǿŮˣܶе㲻Ӧ
ʲôõģҾˣھסļҡŷԵ˵ûиԵĻᡣ
ȻĿͶ࣬˵࣬Ҹ㰲һô
ʲôɫЩãȻ
ıڣİȫȻ۸ŷЦ˵
ͷһ£ͷȻͻȻڣһ¸ҶǮ
ŷ㱻ԼĿˮǺסѾͷʲôʱϲǮˡ
˼ҵ涼ôݵģҪǮģ˵ְҵΣգҪ˵ڵѧ˺öණ
һ򹻲ŷǳ鴤£ԹʵҪΣգҪǿ֣߳һܰɡ
һ𣬾ԲǹĶ֣һŷ缫϶
ˣˣһǶ٣ʵùŷ̲סһԼԴѾͷǮûһ
źùŷ罫Ŀתǡ
ӣÿȥѧòãŷѯʵ
û⡣׹ŷ˼ҪԼãһȻû
ٻ㣬ÿһ𣬵ûйϵȸ첻ŷ罫ĿͶȸЦʵ
֪һȸȤ
Ȼȸ۾һϲʵа취
Ҫ㱣һˡŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣȸЦҾ֪ûô򵥣ǲǸŮֳİɣҵϣ֤ˡ
ȸĻŷͻȻһֲĵĸоɵĴȸѾͷ׿ײ
ȸŷŭˣ̲סʲô񣿡
ȿȣֻǷԽԽˣԲ¶ݼϰĽ㲻ҪˡŷϹɲŮٴ
ߡ
ȸһȻ֪ŷ˵Ŀ϶ĲһҲû̫ڽ档
ͻȻŷɫһЦ˵ˣȥһš
˳ȥȸ޺޵ĵŹŷıӰСϸߡ
ţڹŷǰһ˹ŷʶԪΣһͬӢ꣬Ǹȴ԰ޱȣûһѪɫ
Ԫοŷ֮۾ʱ¶ϲɫ
װģҵˡ˵ȴùŷĸҹ³Ԫλ뿪ڣŷֱһ˳ȥԪ߷Զ
ģУұ졣
ŷǱĵˣһ뵽һ˿ڿԼװģ̲סһ㼦Ƥ


329 һ
Ԫλ뿪ڣŷǱ񣬹ϵסˡվϵһίı顣
˼ֻ̫ûס˵һ䡣
ŷɫһ䣬Ҫ֡
ԪθϽһɲٰˡ
һλӢ¶һĨЦ⣬˵ԪΣҪˣλǹٰɣ¶ľƽ
Ƕľҵŷ羪ȵ˵
ľƽͷĿһѪ
ôԪһ飬ӡŷһ˵ʵǽܲС
ľƽһԪΣЦ˵ˣԪұܣһ˵Ҳڰ׺УԲҹġ
װԪ̫ˣ綼µȥ֣ŷһȻָ
ۡ
ľƽһһѪ˳һǲ⣬Լ˵ôˣǸ롣
װĹŷ磬ǧҪᣬҲϲұģ㡣Ԫһ˵
顣
һ죬Ԫκ˳ȥվĵطһŮŨױĨȴӹף˼㡣
ŮȸһɷĶԪΣŭҺˣ˵ɣ
ľƽĿɿڴ𾪣Ů˭Ȼǿƣʵûзȸôġ
ֻһͣȸʵ̫ǿˣԶԶԽܹ˾޵ı֡
ڹŷʵľƽʶĸ˵վҽʥʹʤƾʵԳ棬ѹһˡ
λﲻҪᣬұڿЦģûǸ˼ԪδһɫľƽʾҪٷˣȻȸ͡
ȸϴһĨɣԪΣʵ𣿡
Ԫ˵ٵģԼв¶һĨίɫ˵ͷ
ȸһ˵ȻǾˣϹٻҪȥ̸֣°ɡ
ȸĻٻ˳ȥһ绨ϵ·˿ۻҡ
ʹԪΣоԼҪˣͻȻãҲŮ˱˸Ҫá
һ뷨Ԫξ͸ϽͷŲϲŮأ˲ÿġ
ɡŷкˡ
ص棬ŷҲûд˵Ĵ㡣ֻ£ȻһԲôˡ
ľƽʱĿһ£һĨѪȡ
ʵһţپġľƽżɽûӣֱ˵Լ⡣
˵ģ̸УԺܳϿңóĳ⡣
ŷɳϣɫƽʵΪʲôҪ㣿
ŷĻľƽЦˣ£ſ˵˵ĵˣѣ֪ٺ;ڡоԹԻ⣬Ȼʱûж٣ǵԺڳԲŹٵġ
ΣõǸʱһ𣿡ŷɫЩֻ̣Ҫپ磬ֳħɺɨһе֡
ǿΣսħ֣ԷҪκȴҲס
ǲ£ٲǹһˣȻҲľƽڣϴһĨŵЦݡ
Ҳ⣬ܹһݲõġŷһ⣬вѿ״̬
һˣϾƵ£ǼҶľңμңҲܹɡľƽЦ˵
ľѱ˵Цǵʵûпŷޱ顣
ľȻܴѣţֻҪԸæͿ϶ܹͦѪȵϴ񣬶ľҵʵֻǿľƽһ⡣
ټμٵʵɣָտɴԪͻȻڣ̸֮
ĵĿǣŷҡͷˣֺ;жǿǸ˽⣬ǵĵǳʹ㾡УʵʮҲǡ
˻һ˻Ȼɫ
ܡԪξ
ûʲôܵģȻľƽѾˣҾʹӦ㣬ǶľһΣŵ飬Ժ˵ɡŷ˵
ƴ֣аԵǺܶʱȴǳ֣Ǳô򵥣رֺ;оԶĴţĵ̡
ȻˣǾͶлˡľƽһᣬѡŹŷ硣
ȥľҹŷѣ֡ٸҼֹǣзáŷ絭˵һɫ


330 
ľƽɫϲݺݵ˵ͷֻҪŷĻȥֺ;ھͲҹǶľҡ
ŷӳڣһ·ǿƣþʧأÿγ֣ûлڣֶκľ
Ҳ˵ֻȻᵱЦǹŷ粻һҲ
л١ľƽĸмˡ
лңʵƾҵʵȫԵסǵĹľûеͷŷ絭˵ڶľƽĸмǺ⡣
סǵסǴȴȫû䣬̫ˡľƽҡͷ˵
ղŻ˵Ҫɣŷüͷһ˵öľƽ˲ʵ̫αˣ˵ǰ޷Ӧϡ
ŷʣľƽһЦΪйٵԭֻҪԸ룬Ҿаա
ôţŷüëһ
ţŹ٣Թٵ츳֣̤ƽڣԲһ¡ľƽ˵
ֻ˵仰һȻһѪ˳
ƣǻǸʱˡŷ絭˵վһסľƽƽɳ档
ŷûж룬룬ʼľƽˡ
ŷ˫ֲͣĶľƽѨľƽĶͣĲš
ι󣬶ľƽͻȻһںѪ˾һ˲תˡһĻһߵԪεɴ۾˵ҽżҽͨԽҽʥЩţǽһԪˡ
ľƽ˵ôأֻƬ̼䣬㽫κˣֱ񼣡ԪζԹŷϲҲӾˡ
Ҫǹŷ֪ԼζľƽľٶԪθϲԼ¾ǶľƽǰҲᶯ֡
л١
ܵԼڵƾȥľƽϲ˵
ԪζһۣԿԷеϲɫһινջķᡣŷˣƺϵơ
뿪ŷҲûдڼ֣ȥȥˡ
սһȥŷоղ̫ԣһȺɥӣŷʱ򣬸̲סɫһ䡣
ʲô飿ŷʵһɫ˶оһ
ֳˡһСԱ׳ŵ˵
ô£ŷüѯʡ
ǸС챻һŷϵĲͷϽ˵һȺͽУֳԴȥץ˸ˣڻڻԲѣҽ˵Σա
ʲôŷ粪Ȼɫŭ
ڵһҽԺСϽ˵
ŷֱӳ˳ȥһֱӸһҽԺ
׺еһҽԺУüͷΪʩ룬סֻȴһ㶼ֹֻۣܱסСʱ
ûҵŷ𣿡ʵ
վ信ʱһʻʱҡҡͷ
˵ȥȥˣǴ˹ŷĵ绰ȴͨѾžǵȥҹŷˡ信üͷ˵
ҵҲˣѾͷŲסˡüͷ˵ۼһԼǰţҶԷ͹ŷйϵû˼㡣
信ҧҧԼ촽صϵһ¶޴ɫĿǣһĨɫ
˭ʲô⣬һҪȫɱ信ˣеһôɱ
Ψһãƽʱ䱦ȴҪˣ信侲ˡ
ῴһۣ̾Ϣǳ£ֹ信Ҫ裬һһҪ衣ʱʲô붼롣ǻȴԿ϶ʱ׺У϶һƬȷѪ꣬ͷء
顣
ҵĴͻȻһ߿ŷ˽
ŷʱ信ͻ˶¶ϲɫ
信˵Щʲôͱŷһƿŭöãܵ˺ҹ
ŭˣһӣŷףԼһǱɡ
ǰȳȥһ£Ҹˡŷ翴˻һۣ΢Щ͡
ͷûж˵ʲô信ļʾԼһ
棬信˵СŵƢǼһ㣬㲻Ҫ⣬ҲΪǣԲŻġ
Ļ信ЦûйֻڹԼû£öãһʲôг
ԵЩǷϣ˼㡣
ҲƵģֻȺͽȰ⡣
信кһŭ˭˺ҵãҪۡ


331 ĸƽ
˵ôһ信ٿڣֻǻȴףһȷѪ꽫Ҫǹŷ磬信ô½ҹȥ˺ǵЩˣ϶к³
˶˵վ棬ȴŷƽ
信ĵģᵹһ㵣ĶûУŷҽ֪ҽżңֶξˣȻ޲ߣǶڹŷ˵㲻ʲô
ʮӺ󣬹ŷ߳бǡʱǵɫָ˺󣬺Ҳƽ信һ֪ǾȻˡ
һ㺢Ӿͱסˡŷɫ˵һ信
ָָǣָָŷ磬һı顣
ôȣ⺢ҵģûʲôþȵģֻҾȻڲŷ֣Ǹŷ˵
ЦΪʱ򣬾ѾˣֻǸʱﻹ˵˵ǸҲŷ磬ǱһֱУʡĹŷǸӵץ
ҸղҲһ£ҲԹ㣬İɣԺҲܵ˺ˡŷ΢һ㣬ûиղŶ信ôĵˡ
信ɬһЦʹŷ粻ԹԼȴҲԭԼϾãҶڻСȴƤӵ£һ㱻ɱˣ뵽信˵һЩ˭ģҲŹǵġ
ɫһĨɭȻɱ
ŷȥҡҡͷ˵㲻Ҫ֣Ѿ֪ʲôˣ㲻Ҫǣ
Ϊʲô信ü
Щǲ𣬱˵㣬Ǳٴϼļһ˵ɱɱ˿ԥŷ絭˵ֻеݣȴ信һ
ʲôˣҪٸʵס
ֻҪ֪ڶȺ쵰оˡŷЩͷ˵˽͡
ŷĻ信һڶڶԷУԷ˭
ˣȻȥɣչˣһȥҵıԺͺסһˡŷԵ˵信һ㷴ء
ֻкסһ𣬲žԵİȫǿɱ˺Ůˡ
信һ£ŵ˵ͷĵĿһۣ信뿪
ҽԺĲУŷḧǵе鼸Ҫһʶŷ϶𾪵Ŀɿڴ׺ݵļһȻôһء
һ̣˹۾ŷʱ򣬶ʱһ£ص赹ǰǶʱɫһ䡣
ǵöԷһԼĶ棬Ȼһɾ޴ڣûа취赲
뵽¶ɫŵʵŷ磬ҵĶû°ɣ
ŷȻʵʲôҡҡͷ˵û£ҵĺӣôܻأİɣĸƽ
ŷĻһɫһ죬˹ŷһۣ˵˭˵ġ
ųġŷ˵
ţ¶ɻɫ
ǰϳҵζҲûб˵ζҵĺӣ˵˭ģŷЦ˵Ŀǵزһʱǻһ顣
ͻȻһ棬һҹڳ棬ǿƵռԼԼһһ顣
ºеԹޣܿɢˡ֪ΪʲôڹŷǺ޲ǶԷǿӲֶΣõԼ塣
åɫһ죬̲סһ䡣
ŷ绵һЦҾå㿴˹ȥǾһҪ㿪ͱŷѹ£ȻסС졣
˼ǲٷ§ŹŷĲӣӭ
ֱڣǲǳ׵ŷ飬׵Ľ˹ŷ硣
֨
ͻȻƿһŮһĻʱɴ۾ŵһˮֱӵ˵ϡ
ŷ硢㣬ôŮǱˣǹŷϵδ
ʱҲЩסˡ
Ǹһֱ׽ڴĸо֪ŷδ򣬶Լں͹ŷֹϵУΣ˵ȥ
ҽ͡Щŵ˵
ȴû͵˼һֱۣתˡ
Ͻȥ׷̲ס˵ߴٹŷȥ׷
ҲҪǸѾͷԸĻˣҲϲŷҡͷƵ˵һһ
̲סЦŷ磬Ĵһǣ˵ѵ㻹ûпѾͷϲˣϽȥɣҲƭһء
ԸѾͷңŷһ㶡
ǵ˵ͷǺЦ֪һֻһŮ˵ģȻˣΪʲôҪ㣬ֻҪҺþˡ
ǿĺ͸ŷ粻ӵһŮˣһһʼ֪Խ˹ŷ֮ҲмŮˡ


332 
ֻҪþУ仰ܼ򵥣Ƕڹŷ˵ȴͬһء
ԼһϣһֳصΣǹŷȴĸԸܡ
Ȳ˭ҲûҪŷ§ǣǿƶ˵
һĨۣղȻùŷȥ׷ǱϣϣŷԼġ
ŷôˣпģҲ¶Ҹɫ
ӹŹһȦǵı仯С˹ŷһθ飬һǳ
͸ʲô飬Ȼû˵ǹŷȴܹо
ǴرӭӹŷǼŮԹ񣬲û˷Ѿ֪ǵĴڡ
ǶѾСʱ򣬼Ůȫըˡ
̫ˣСһҪϽȸ趼ЩȲˡȸħɫùŷһ񺮡
Ѿͷûд⣬ŷΪԼδĺϣԺܹȸ
أҪŸµʱ䡣ŷѵ
ȸ̲סһۣ˵ҵȻ֪Ϊ㶮ҽһмӣùŷʶԼһֱֻȸȴҲҽʥĵӣһҽԲٵġ
ȻУԺСǾ;ȥϰ˰ɣٳʲô⡣ٻҲڵڼ󣬺һҷ
ŷȴףΪ˻ûгֵԭ
ԯ˲ʵŮǿˣԺ»ΪŮĹǡ˵ٻӻһЩ
ûµģٻİɣϹҲ˵ˣȸң书ôߣ϶ʲôġ˵
ڽٻǣȻǵһʽӴȴкøСǰ⼸ŮˣòϺܳڣ˿ѷɫԸǺõĳ棬ǸսӴǵʱ򣬾Ͳ˺øС
ڹŷ۹⣬̾ȸǽٻǣһһĺŮˣǴòƷ档
ɫˣȥˡٻЦ˵
ⶰ棬ģֻͽˣڣ֪ô˵ȸˣСѾͷҪȥæȴ⣬һ㽫ˡ
ҹһȺ˯ȥŷȴҹɫ뿪
ںڰУժ¥Сɫ
ҳڵȺ쵰ŷк˸űɱ
ϴˣɫڡ
һɩӺСֶӣ¶ˡʼĩ˵˳ŷɫһ𼴽Ļɽһɱˣֲ˼㡣
ʲôȺ쵰飬ʦڣǾΪΪˣҪŻˡɫŭУһС߶м飬ȥЦ󷽣οɱ˹ŷŮ˺ĺӡ
޷ڵ룬תһҡǲʾ֮û˹ϵɣ޷һܹġ
飬ԹŷԸ񣬾ԲưոݣҪڵ˼ˡ
ϴ˵ɣ׸ôҪڣֵҲκġɫĻ̬ȡ
޷ǣңɫȴû̫ĸоеЩڵ磬ʵе̫ˣ޷Ϊǹ޷뷨ɫѾ̲סˡ
ɱŷкһ
Сԣκ˵ҵˣһЩСϺף˵ˡ
˳ҹɫУ֮ظȥ
Щŧ͵סǡһֿ⣬һ˴Цţ§һŮ欵ĥš
ǸŮ죬ǹƯģϧһƣԻˡһһ˿ڣǰһŮˣ֮䣬ʶԴ
еʧˣ֪úõһ¾ͺˣǸŮһƷһĺӣֻȴ뱾ʲ
û£ȥǸŮûУˣζҲӦòȿڵǸЦһֹ񱣬ȥŮˣźܴȤ
༸˶ȺãʱһЦ
ǻˡһ𣬽һ
תȥֲֿв֪ʲôʱ꣬Ķǡ
˭һЩ䱸ʵ
µظȥɡ
ˣһȺڵˣ˿ûеֿ˲ȫɱ
Ů˼У־ĿǰһĻ
ŷ翴һۣûǣ뿪


333 ɱ
ľҴһ˵Ϣ׺йŷˣͬʱҪںֹͣǣŷҪзá
˻һ𾪡
߳ʾš
ǼҪľҡҲһ㣬ΪľɽˮĵزԲ˵ôһ
ͬʱŷǵõϢҲж
ɫСǱ·жǽڵУֱоںֵÿڡ
ú󣬴Ϣÿڱ𣬳ֵǹŷ硣
Ϣһںֹͣ˶
ֵվַʣǷŷҪȫǿսҲһ߳һˣǿޱȣƹŷôȥǱȻŷڰ׺еʵ̤ƽ
ţŷٳ֣ٴ̤ƽŵһÿڡ
ʧˣ˶ֺ;ڣҪ֪ǽô
ҪսǱս̤ƽÿڡŷ緢ԣ˳ȥ𾪡
λżҴˣǿˣϵĴУ˿壬һв
ֺ;û߳쳣ĬĽ˻ȥ
һٶûеȫˡ
λżҴˣˣֺ;ֲĴڶη壬ǡȴ֪˫˳ȥʱ򣬻ɳ˾ǿߡ
һλǿߣֺ;ڣڹŷ緵ص·ϣס
û˿սŷֱٻħҫۣѪɫƳաһ޵еơ
û˵סλǿȫ
һϢܿ촫˳ȥ𾪣ŷ絽ʲôΪɱλǿߣѵѾ
ħϢû֪
ǹŷѹ׵Ķؼʱ̣Բó
ʹľƽǣҲ̲ס𾪡ǱΪŷ籾ʵȻǿ󣬵Ǵ󲿷ȴǾȿҽʥʹڿǴףŷʵǿᣬѾﵽһ˵ĵز
ɱλǿߣһԻ͵սҲδܹõ
ϾǾǿߣһʦսҲߵġȴûһӵóȫɱ
类ŷıֳˣв²ʵ
ϴҲ̫ţˣǿ߸ǿߣˣʱϢʱ򣬻Ϊءɫ𾪵˵ֱκأԼ˵Ϣ
߸Ϸõôȣɶʱһ˿߸ʱžȰɡŷ粻м˵ɫĴСֺǲ
㵱ܲײأ߸ƽļһ߶ԳƵ˺òáڹŷĻɫ
˵ܰ쵽һܰ쵽ߴʲôٻɴĻС㡣Сɫ˱ȭͷ
ɫ
֣ɫ֪ЩʲôŵĿڣȥʱҪŷ磬Ժ飬ȫãҳɾͷ֮֮λ㡣
ɱ
ͬʱ´һȻͬ
ŷõϢǰ֪ͨġ
ŷЦֱҵʤλЯֶҪ׺Уɱŷ硣
ǲԸڸյִ׺еı߽磬㱻סˡ
ʤڷŨܣӵǿʢˣһħ񣬼ǿѪһ㣬ɢƿֲ졣
ԼȥɱǻȥʤڣӣȺɽ𶯣˷Ҳ
㲻ոսУҲһսλ𿪿ڣƴħؼ䣬ɢϡ
ءŷӺڰ˳ϴһĨЦ
һСҿǺͿˡǴЦЩ̫ˣҪ֪˿ʤҲͰˣŷ羹ȻҲˣҪһս˸оЦ
ãһˣɡһλ𿪿ڣȻֱŷɱ˹ȥ
ʤֻǿһۣûĴ㡣
λһ㶣ЦһֻŷѹȥһɿֲƳ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
䡣
ŷ綯֣̫ͼ˳ӲԷĹ
ɳȥɫ졣վһģ̫ǿˣ߳磬޷Ტۡ
ŷ޾壬һǰֻ֣ĥԼܷͻơ
ŵԽԽ࣬ܵһѹڵΪȻǿս죬ԳһƬ졣
ҪǱ֪ŷ뷨϶Ϊˣĥȫȫ
һûнŭٴγ֣һָ˹ȥ
ŷĿռһҪһ㣬һȫɫЯҫ۵ĺâ˳ȥ


334 
塣Ǹ𾪽һɫΪ˵еǿ֮һֻҪӵֱģպɾͲܹﵽǿߵĳ̶ȡ
ɱݺᣬָ顣
һߣʤҲһϣ󿪴ϣȻոսвãǾǿƣȻȫռϷ磬Էѹ·
ǸڵŭӣϵıʵҪʤѹơȴ𾪵ķֵ֣ӣʤҲԽԽǿһ޵׶㣬ʵ
ʤظഺ𾳽磬ս쳣ֲԷѾȫȴһûһ̬С
ŷߣ˴ս
һѪ֣ȥ˫ֻѪɨԷ
һжͽͣǿƣŷˣԷͶ֮ѪָѪ
ǿƣԶǿߣҪзɣͲܡ
Է̫ǿˣŷ粻ͣĺˣĹȻˣҲѣֲ³Ѫ
ֻԽˣŷӾԽսڣһս԰ܣԷĹ
ĥ£ѪӾӨɢһֲĹԣǿѹǱѹեΪڷӡ
Ǹڵһ󣬶ʱ𾪵ĵ˼㡣
ŷ翴ҡҡ׹ȴͬһʯһ㣬޷ݻ١ÿΪŷ綥סʱ򣬶Էͻƣﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
ʲô̲ס˳ŷʵ̫ˣսڣûɱ˶Է
Ȼŷ粻ϿѪǾȴӵǿʢˡ
֣֮ĥŵ㲻ŷЦֻظ֣Ȼѹȥ
ǿǸӲ
ŷ׷ɣҲܣһ˿Σһײܵһˡ
һŷӱ䡣
Ծ𣬾ˣҲ㹻ˣûйǴȥᱻ˵񼣡
ŷȴٶֱ֣˿Ȼʤǰˡ
λһ㶣׹ŷʲô˼ʱʤˣɢһɿֲƣҪһһ㡣
ɫϢ޽ӽǿߣǿս
ǶһۣԿԷеĿ־壬ʤΪûжãȻΪǾ֡
ߡ
˺ԥתߡ
ʤХϡڵڿѪٶȴ䣬
һ޽ӽǿߵǲǶ֣ʤ⹦ǿߣսӿֲҲܹҲ˵
ʤ׷ȴŷ纰סˡ
Ϊʲôߣʤ۾Щ
ŷЦǰõģδսúܣµĹҲˣٲ˵ġ
ŷԳҲ³ŵԺսԲ١
ʤͷЦ˵СӾһ°ߵٵˣϲٺ١
ʤųƴȭϲǴܣʱҲʡ͵ĵƣΪǽ·͵
ڻָഺͻƵУԸգ֮ǰҪǿơ
Ҳ÷ɣţȥɱˡʤڣҪ׷ȥŹˡ
λ𣬿ɲʲôܲײˣʤɵӣˣԼһ
ʵǹߵġŷٴסʤ
Ϊʲôʤɴ۾Щ⡣ȻǲϲĶǣȻ²ŷĿġ
Ϊ̫ҪʱɳǻȥҪǴһϢܿ𣬼ǰ֧֣ڲĴ󶯸ɸ꣬Ըȡһɳʱ䡣ŷоλ𣬻һɳʱ䣬˵Կ
ʤ׹ŷ˼˵ͷЦУǶһʱ䣬ʵ㹻ˣȥ̤ƽڡ
á
ŷЦ
뿪һսƽֻٴ𾪵СŷԿȻܴʤҪɱҲףԤʾŹŷ츳
Ҵ𼸺ǿߣϢҲ˳ȥ˷ŷߵʵԽԽǿˣһǿߵǿߣԳһƬ졣
Ϣģɳ֣ǲɵӣǲܽŷʤһɱֻҪӳȥڽա
ˣڵˣҲΪűˡŷһĿ궨ڵϡ
޷ɣǿ󣬶Ұ޽ɣмû˸ǣǹŷȴ޾壬ҪսһȻ
һŭΪգŷΪԼŮѪս¡


335 ɱ
ţһ˼ңôŷ§Žٻ˵ýٻ۾
ϲŹŷ磬ʵģ
ȻˣҴӦ飬Ƕ֣㲻Ұɣŷ˵;ͽٻؼһˣֻһʱʵ̫æˣ鲻ϣŵȵеһ꣬˳
Ҷȥ𣿡ٻҧŴЩԥʵ
ǶڼŷЦˣŮǺܴ󷽣Щʱ򣬻ǻ¶һЩŮ˵Եġ
̫ðɣٻȻô˵ϵϲɫȴѾȫĸˡ
ûʲôõģһλȥҵȥ˺ĸģȻֻŷЦ˵
ʲôʱٻûټ֣Ҳһȥ
죬ĸϲʲôбĳҪЩʲôȥȽϺãŷһ⣬ýٻ쳣ۣоŷںԼ
һ£ٻҡҡͷ˵ô˰ɣǶɽˣǴ̫ĺöǿ»᲻ϰߡ
ǿɲУⶼ쵽ԪˣҲֹܿȥҵ˼ҶĶֱ˹ȥŷЦ˵ǿЦ뷨
ٻļҾǺܺã˵ˣǸǮҲ֪ʲôŷ뽫һЩĶȫˣȻ͹ȥ
ǧҪŵǵġٻϽֹ֪ŷ˵óõҪǲֹĻ¹ŷĻ򼸿Ķ˹ȥ
ŷȴҡҡͷ˵ҵТģôܻŵǣǿĻأҪߵĻʱ̫һ˶ӹʱҲչˡ
лл㣬Ϲٻж˵ܹоŷģԼ˺ãȫΪϲԼݼڡ
ָоýٻ㣬Լѡûд뼸Ů˷һˣҲѾֵˣʵⰮԼģûһʡ
·ȥʡһˣȥ飬Ҫ졣ŷͻȻ˵һ⡣
ڵϳڽʡǵ飬Ȼ׵ưոݣҪΪԼŮˣһϳŷҪѪʾԼŮ˲ҪѪĴۡ
ٻ˵еĸо˹ŷ仯е㷢䣬Ҫ˶ɱһ
ǽٻȴ£ǰˣԶ˺Լ
ڶգֱӿһװ˶ǹŷģϸѯ˽ٻļͥԱΪ˶׼
һֻˣ˭Ҳûиȥ
ƽȵʻڹ·棬ŵǵǲ·Σաŷ翪Ĳ죬˵˵ЦЦܿ˽յؽ硣
ͣϢŷ羶ֱҵһƵ꣬һ䡣
ٻ˵ţԹԵĵңȥȥͻ
ٻ˵ͷûʹŷȥʲô
뿪Ƶ꣬ŷɱ
һЯɱֱڵܲһƬϵĽɽУƽʱ˼֪
ڵĵӣûǽ죬ȴӭһ֮͡
䡣
Ĵűʱڵ˶ŭˣǳ˳ȥ۾ͨ죬ɱ졣֪ж೤ʱ䣬ûб۸ͷˡֻڵ۸ˣ
ңֱӺ˴ţŭоһ衣
ŷֻһ˵ʱȺЦһֱӳ֣ѪɨȥҪնɱŷ硣
һߣܹܵŷľ磬ԼͬףԼԿ
ŷЦҲ֣ͬһѪնԷѪ飬󽫳ֵնˡ
һĻ𾪣Ҫ֪ղųֵˣڵеٮٮߣʮ꣬ʹﵽ˾磬սǿ󣬼ܺɨͬס
㵽˭˺ʣ˵֡
ŷǿ󳬳һлɱһǿߣȻǾߣҲ˰ɡʹѪͬһЩЩɻ
ȻŷǿƣЩȴ޾壬ΪδֻҪһŹŷҲϵĶ֣ɡ
ɱ˵ˡ
ŷЦ֣һѪ֣ȥЩ˱ɫ
֣ҪסѪֻǸһӴǱ󺰲ãһѪǿĳǵ󣬸͵ס
һȺ˺ɳȥֱըڷ
һ֮£ʮ˲ĵǿ־壬ĺˡ
ټڣѵֻһȺĻҿҲûдȥıҪˡŷ˵дһĨɱЩֽű


336 ʩ
ˣ˰ɡһϵ𣬴߳ߣһһѪɫۣĿǶһ㡣
ǳֵ϶ܹϳˣ˾ڴ޶ȫǾǿߡ
ûоãɱ˼˶ѡŷЦٴγ֣һѪնһӡ
޶ɫ߸ֱӳ˹ȥһֻѪӭѪ
䡣
һ죬߸߱ˣ
˼ĶŹŷ磬ղȻֻ֣ȻǰꡣҹŷʹѪʶеѪڣҲǿ
㵽ʲôˣΪλھѧ߸ʵѪΪڲ֮أֻڵӲŻᣬȴһʩչһĨɱ
ɱ񷡣һѪ֣Ӿ֮ϵ£޶
˱ɫܵѪֲֿܣ֪Ӳ˸Ͻ˿ѪйЩӵϣмը飬ڷ
㵽ʲôˣߴʵɫ
ŷ粻֣һֻѪɫγɣ
˲ˣЩȫҪ޶һۣȻӭȥ
ͬһ޴ѪƳ֣նϡ
顣
޾Ѫŷ˺ɳȥڲԶͣѪ
һڵӺȻŵһĻеλo޶ȻǰĶ֣жǿ
޶ҲɫŵĶŹŷ磬Լˡ
ڣʲôʱ𣿡߸߾ŭӣԹŷ鷳ģֻȴ벻ʲôʱˡ
һĨмЦݣŷû˵ֻٴγ֣޶ɱȥҪɱˡ
ǿߣһ˵һٵʧ
ס֡
Ӱ˳ȥŷֲĹ
һѪɫһƬȾѪɫ
ŷ糤Х˸ܣƼ˵ĺϻ޶ǰҪɱˡ
ң
ȣǲҪһŷ繥˹
ŷ粻ҵ޶ĳһƣŷӭӲƴһڵһ˳ȥ
ֻǹŷȴûܵκ˺ɫǿ彫е⣬ȵڵϡ
һĻˣֵǿ߸ɫҪ֪֮£Ҫ⣬ף϶ˣȴû˵ŷֺ
塣һϳ˹ŷʣһ󾪺
һ˸𾪣ǿ֮һһʣٷְٵǿߵľ硣ǰԼ鷳ˣȻһӵĴڣõԤС
ڵľѧ壬֪˭ˡ޶ɫѿǲ³˹ŷݡ
ȴɫһƬãȻǵͶܴʮңƽʱٳɽţĺܶ飬֪
ҽżҵĴˡŷ磬û㣬ϸ˵ǻԨԴΪѹǣ޶ʣŷݣŷղŵһûҪǵֻ˵ĸˣɫ԰ֽ
еڵɫ䣬ŷݣ֪¼һǿƵ콾ӳڣɱķֺ;ڶûޣֻЭȻû뵽ŷ羹Ȼڡ
ģ˵ʲôƨԨԴŷޱ飬ɫĮ
Ļסˣں͹ŷʲôЩ˽ʾ֭û뵽ʲôʱ͹ŷˡ
㲻Ҫˣʲôʱǹ㣿һŭʡ
ۡ
ŷһתһ˹ȥɫ˸ǸӺɳȥ䲻Զڷ
һһȺɫѿ˼㡣
߶һۣΧסŷ磬ɫơ
̫ˡһ˿ڣ䡣
ڵĵ̣ҽżҵĴôΪǲɱ㣿һλ߿ڣɫŭ
ҪҵͶˣȻĻɱȫŷ絭Ŀڣ쳣ǿƣ˷С

ŭȣ䣬ŷ֡
ѪɫûһУŷ縲棬Ҫ촷һ㡣
ŷɫĮֻظ֣ӵԷȻ⻯һֱ˺˵Ĺɱȥ
һѪ֣Ӿ֮ϵˡ
˱ɫǴǿĹѪӲ
һ죬˺ˣŷһ˳˹ȥȻһȭ
ϼ죬⾧Өɫ˼սǸŭ𣬼⣬ͬһȭ˳ȥŷĹײһ
꣬ҽһֱ۶ѣѪģŷٴγ֣һȭϡǸߺɳȥըŷɱ
һǿߣôˣ𾪣ȻһĿ־崫ȫ


337 
˴󾪣󱯣ȥǼʮֵܣôˣȫʬŭ졣
ɱ
ٴγ˹ɱޣηչ˿ֲĹ
ŷȣڷ⣬֣һ˴ս·硣
ֲıסˣţǰ꣬žߡȴһλߣҲ˰ɡ
ۡ
һλ߱ɱͬʱŷҲ⵽һδˣһһƴڱϣһѪ
ʣ˫Ŀֵ࣬ܵûη壬ʹǸӵķˣҪŷչ˹
ˡ
ŷʩչҶأ̫ͼѹ£һߡ
أǿƳֽ֣ɱԷɱ
һˣȥĸֵܣɫȻͻȻȻҪԱ
˶ɫ䣬ȥ
ǸȻըǿɨ˷ֱӽطȫƽˡжһǿߵԱըķǡ
ǿߣˣڵɫѿ˼㡣
ŷ˿ٶȾˣڵһʱ˳ȥûܵκβȵԱɢٴγ˻ɨЩڵĵӣǻսһֿ־塣
ʱ˿̣ŷǵУħûʲô
ˡһͳ֪ʲôʱڹŷĲԶһˡһѪɫۣԴϴһѪɫڣһ˫ӶڹŷϣһĨ˵ζ
ѪɫڣڵŷһĨЦݣ֪ʲôζ
ҶŷΪڣɱλϣҲѾ˰ɡҶ˵䣬ʲô
ǹŷȴܹоҶԲ֮
ȻŷȻ˵
Ҷɫһѵ㻹ҪԴɣ⣬ڹŷϣһɿֲƱǵء
ڵĵӶȥܲסҶѹ
ŷȴһЦȻվԭأЦҵȻҪԴ㲻ңڻĶ֡
׾ͺáҶһջơ
ˣСүã浽һ׺ҵĵ̣Ҫٸ£ڡŷɨҶˣ¶һĨЦ
ת뿪ڵˣһ㶼͵Ϯ
Ҷɫ֣ȴһļµĸоԥĿŹŷ뿪
Ϊβ֣޶ʵ
ҶɫѿŹŷ뿪ķ򣬺ϲ֪ʲôΪǿһľĸоҲûг֡
ѵвɣ޶ɫ𾪡
ߡ
ĿһۣҶû˵תȥȴ˹Ժ˭̤׺С
Эˣŷײ
ڵԿԷеķŭ˴ɱôӺλϣȴһв
뵽ŷղŵı֣ȴҷϾһϣҲǹŷĶ֡
صƵ꣬ٻڿӣŷѪʱһϽ˹ȥʵϹû°ɣ
ɫǣ´Źŷ磬ܵʲô˺
û£˵ƤˣȴűˣֵˡŷЦ˵һӡ
ٻܹµսļңŷǰȥ£֮һ࣬մȾѪ
ϹǧҪţǵȫҪǳʲô飬ǶȥġٻڣɫЩԹȴ纣һ顣
һĵӣŷЦˣŽٻ˵ɵѾͷϹôأô绨죬ҿ᲻ȥİɡ

ٻͷûж˵
ŷϢһᣬһ㶫һҹڶһû˱飬ֱٻϼҡ
ڽٻָ£˸٣Ȼһĵ·
ٻļɽ·ǳãҲ൱󡣲ŷȴΪ⣬߹һЩطԭʼɽͲ䣬ＸȫûһִϢ
˺ò׿ųٻĴӵʱ򣬶ʱһȺΧĴųӡ
˵һ⣬ټ˵ˡ
ŷڽٻָ£ļſڵʱǰưܵķӽŷˡ֪ٻļҾãȴû뵽Ȼõز


338 ؼ
ӳǰľȻһé棬ѾЩˣĳѾ˲ٵͷ
һ帾ʮˣǰ·
һͣԼſڣЩ޴룬ãȻĿ˳һۣ帾ԵЩҡ
帾һ̣ٻ۾ʱˡ
΢΢Щ򿪳ӣ帾˹ȥ
һѱס帾һ衣
帾ʱסˣŵĿǰһŮˣеգǰһںһɣȴûܷκ
ֻеˮȴ£ԵЩݵ˫֣סٻھҵĲš
裬һˣٻٻˡٻ˵Լĸף˳
ϴѧʼҲûлعˣǲǲҡһֱֻҪһ϶ᱻ̣ˡ
ǽٻȴ˼Լĸĸʱô꣬ڼĸˡֻǣĸȴӵĲˣͷڷһ룬ʵʵ̫ˡ
ũƫ磬ٻĸȻʮ꣬ʵ䣬Ҳʮ࣬ʮ
ȵĲͣԵ쳣˥ϡ
ٻٻٻٻˣҵٻٻˡ
˰ΣٻĸײŷӦǻϲķһ˳ĸˡ¸ĸģŮ⣬ĵľǸĸˣûмԼĺӣ˼ǳᵽġ
ĸŮӵ˹
ŷվڳǰǰһĻǴһĨЦݡŽٻؼңԼˣٻ˵ӣŷҲĵΪġ
ֻ뵽ԼĸĸЦĸﶼ֪
ӵſһᣬƽٻĸע⵽ŷ磬һ£Ȼʶŷݡ
ûеȽٻĸ׿ڣŷ˹ٻĸ׾һҽܣãҽйŷ磬ٻٻѡ
Ȼ²⣬ŷԼϣٻĸ׻̲סһϲŷòӢȴ㣬һ޺ӣһʵڼҴк˲øС
ããúӣٻĸ׼˵˵֮ͻȻһ£Ȼ˷һۣЩε˵ŷ磬㲻Ҫ⣬Ǽһ㰡Ҫɡ
ԵЩţΪеľȣӰ쵽ٻ͹ŷ֮Ĺϵ
ٻٻļңԲʲôӵģҶϲõġŷЦ˵οٻĸס
˻һٻĸһ㶣ŷӵ
ˣ̣ҺٻٻΪһЩڳ棬ó˵Źŷȥ
򿪳ӣϵĶΧ۵ĴһȫǶЩֻڵϼ
ŷһһڷһأֶУ̾·бƷֻҪĵģŷȫ˹
һصĶŷԵЩ˼̣һιûдʲôǲ˼
˻һΧ۵ĴŰڷһصĶЩЩûʲôҪ۵ĳ嶯
ȴ֪ŷÿװƷͷֻǺٻˣͿȣЩĲʲô
ô˼أ϶˲ǮɣٻĸЩԹùŷ绨Ǯˡ
ٻǸĿ˹ŷһۣСԼĸ˵裬İɣһ㶫ʲôģŷڳǿ¥ģȱǮġ
ҲҪһôණõ갡ٻĸȻûͻ
ƶ˴뱲ӵ˵Щ̫ݳˡ
ҪǾò꣬ͷһ㣬㣬϶õˡһͽٻĸ׵µŮЦ˵
ȥȥȥŮҵĶ˭Ҳٻĸ׸Ͻ˵ϵЦݽ鳹׳ˡ
ȻŷôණĻǷǳ˵ء
ӴӴŮˣĸﵱÿеļٻٻѾͷ˵ѣϹءǸŮ˵Ц
ٻĸɫһ죬ԵЩΡ
ŷվ˳Ц˵ģҺٻٻҪ˶þȥ֤̺ŮȻġ
۷ٻٻһŮ⻹ûн飬֪άĸˣһТ˳Ů˼˵
ŷɫ˵Ӧõģٻٻĸĸҵĸĸ
˵ĺã⺢Ӳһү޵
ǰٻٻһˡ
۷Ժ׼ɡ
һȺۿˣȡЦٻĸףǲûж⣬һȺܴĴ񣬹ŷܸоǷĵΪٻĸ׸ˡ


339 һ㻨Ǯ
ҽˣһ۵˹Զܹһʮĺӣһ˫۾ȴ쳣鶯ٻʱ򣬶ʱһ
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һ˷ܵĳ嵽ٻǰһӡ
СٻЩԥ˵һܵܣֻ뿪ʱ򣬽Ű˾꣬ڼȥˣı仯̫ˣЩˡ
¶һĵɫɥ˵㲻ʶˣأҺİ֣ýٻ̲סЦ˳
ŷ߽СһСԴЦ˵Сܵܰɣ򡣡
򡣡ԹԵĺһ䣬һ㶼һ˫Ĵ۾תţһ龫ӡ
ԣǸģȥǳ԰ɡŷͳһǮҲûֱӵݸ˽
ɴ۾һͷˡʹЩЩɵŷ翪Ǿ֪ŷ϶Ǯȴû뵽־Ȼô󷽡ôһǮûһҲаǧɡ
ܶһӶûмôǮȻܷԶԱȽϷյСɽ壬ȴȻƶ
ǧģһʾ޿ˡ
ʹãЩǮ̫ˣҪŷջȥٻĸ׸Ͻ˵ҲŷĴֱʸŵˡ
ŷЦãżǧǮѡ
ҲϻֱӽǮУЦ˵Űɣ㻨Ǯ٣ȹ죬ٸ㡣
㶵ĽһǮУЩͻȻãԼ磬ԼĲ
ٻĸ׻˵ЩʲôٻϽ˵裬ͲҪˣЩǮĲࡣ
ԼŮô˵ٻĸ촽˶վû˵ǮպãԹŷ׽ˣͻȻֵĽкøС
еĶ棬˸ղŵĵЦٻĸ׵ǸŮˣ˶ˡ
ã㿴ʲôϲĶҲõȥɡٻڣŮ˲Ǳˣ׶á
ļͥ࣬üҵҲãǳѡ
ôأģùҿɲáٻЦ˵濪Цʱһ̰ûУùŷ̲סЩȡ
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ãðɣȥһ㣬²ģǮŷҲȰ
ãðɣҲףһЩһ°ɡٻĸҲˣ쳣󷽡
ڼ˵Ȱ£ٻһЩ뿪
ף÷ôһֱвˡٻĸ̾Ϣ
ٻҲ뵽Լ÷΢΢̾Ϣһ漴۾ŷ硣
֪˵ʲôİɣֻҪǲҶκáŷЦ˵ٻֻһѾ׽ٻ˼ˣԼøơ
ģٻ۾΢΢һ
Ȼʲôʱƭ㡣ŷٻСӣʱýٻɫ˹ŷһۣʾԼĸ׻ء
ŷٺһЦ˻
ٻĸ׵ǺЦûʲô뷨ֻҪԼŮҸ˻ء
ˣְأٻʵӻؼҵڣһֱûмԼĸס
ٻʻٻĸ̲סɫһ䡣ڽһ߷߲ƽӣСȫǷŭ
ٻһ˵Ҳ֪϶ǳˡ뵽żʵôˣְֳʲô𣿡
ְû£߷ߵĿڣû˵꣬ͱٻĸ׸ˣǳһ׼˵˵
ٻĸһĨţǲһЩһ
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ǵı飬ŷף϶ǳʲô飬ǺйϵΪͽٻԭ򣬽ٻĸײԼ֪Ĵڡ
뵽ŷЦ˵̣ʲôֱ˵ɣǸҲȾҴϵġ
˻һʱ۾һŷ˳ĳݡڽ˵ֱһħܹȵĹŷ磬ȻΪ˽ݵĶ
裬İɣŷ粻ģҵ֪ǾΪҵ鷳ŷңǲһġٻҲڣ˵ŷԼѧҪԼĸ֪Լʦ϶ġ
ٻĻٻĸ׿һ۹ŷ磬ԥԥĽ˵˳
ŷɫֱӳȥû뵽СľȻô֣ѾٻĸƵز


340 
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ĸױǴ峤ųһԣʶĶˣȻֵסԼĶӡ
ΪΪû˸ҷٻĸĸصչ˵Ķ
ٻΪ˺ܶǮǶûУȫȥˣǲĻ̾ȭཻ
˵ǽٻĸףĵܵܺĸף
ϢٻŭˣȭͷĽģȻû뵽ԼĸȻĶԴ
ٻĸײڣǳʲô顣ǰһֹҪǮ֮£ֻȥһЩѽǮȥˡ
򣬵ȴȫҵģһٶ
ŷĽٻļ˵ٻٻİɣǸкýģڵȲȥǣ鳹׽
ٻĸһϽ˵ˣֵ»кܶ죬Ƕǵġ
ЩУ޵еĴˡǲûзȴûʲôôҴôƫƧһСطҲ˻ע
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ŷĻٻĸ׺ͽȻˣ˿ŷȴ̾
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˺أǲʱƣ»ꡣŷͻȻڣ˵Ļһ
۵оȻصˣһ꣬ϢӹŷĿ˵ٻš
ҧгݵ˵Ǹ쵰
˵Ҳ֪˭ɵģ״ûеκˡ
ŷ磬κҸ𣿡ٻЩŵʵ
Сһڿûʱ䣬ҪȰЩɨȥŷ絭Ŀڣ˶оһȺΧ˹һɷڡ
ϲģϽҹ洫һ𣬹ŷϵóȵ
ɫ԰ף˽ٻһۣż˵ٻٻҪһ﷢㣬Ȼˡ
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ڵ⣬յϢٻһ˿ų˻Ǹ˳ֺ£ûκԥ͸˹Ҫһʴġ
ͣڽٻſڵĺγʱЦĸˣֳܹӵˣкܶǮ
ֻǵӷ֮߳ȴǼ˹һɫһ¾Ͱȥ


341 Ž޳
һӣŷЦˣа˵ּˣǺԵ
ô㣿оԼСȶӶڴȸպûжãڼŷ磬Щʹĸоˡ
磬ϻʲôǮһ򶼲Сһ󺰵쳣š
ȻҹɩһٵģĻȴϡ
СӸϽǮһһֶС
ӲҲ⳥ɡ
һȺţȻûпŷϵЦѿɫ
ҸǣǸҪ𣿡ŷͻȻڣɫ
ܣϻûиôǳɹˣҲûȥܡ
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ͻȻʶûбҪηŷ硣ʱ˺ͣȫռУǱҪԹԵſš
뿪׺н磬ûŷͷҪ֪м߲ʵı磬ڵĹŷһ϶㲻ϣ֪ܲ򶨡
ҿǮˣøǮҶѾˣҺҲûκιϵ㲻Ҫ̫ˣһʱҸĸ˲ǮҪ֪㡣ٻ߳䣬һ˫Ӵһϣϡ
΢΢һ𣬸ܵ˽ٻʱı仯ȻһԴĸоһɵľ塣
۾ǳԵĶŽٻˮһˡ֪ΪʲôԽٻˣһŮŮˣ˭ϣ˭ҲԸŹ
ǿѹĸоЦҪǼңߵһڳ˳ˣͷˣҸ㣬ŶûУҪҶ㻹ҪһϲС
ٻͨ죬ŭ޳ܡ
ӱ޳ܣٺ١ܵ⣬ҸоԼĻĬ
ŷһ˵Ȼ˵ԼûݣҾͰһѰɡûзӦŷͳ嵽ǰȻһƳȥ
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һĻļ죬ȵЩ췴ӦŷѾ˻ȥ
Ȼŭϴǵǰ˸֪ǳĴһֱĸо
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뵽һȺ˸ź⣬ŷΧ˹
Ҫʲôһȴ֪ʲôʱһȺ˹ŶЩŭĿӡ
궼ܴˣ׳ֻ߰˸Щˣȴ˿ûоµĸо
ͿˣȺ쵰۸ĽһôǸˡһүվ˳ͺܴ󣬿ʮˣһȣָһȺ죬ŭ
϶ȰǾҹȥȻĻǲˡǷŭһǿ׳Ļվ˳ɫ
һʮ꣬ͻˣҵҪôүŭֱǸ˹ȥ͵Ĳˡ
ŷĿɿڴǸжȻЩĴϣϽ˹סүӡ
ſңҽǴȺ˵ɣҪʮ꣬һ˴ʮүӺͣȻͺܴˣһɲС֮׳궼١
һڵӣһȺ춼һ϶Ҳ̫һɡ
Ļ֪˵滰ʱһһ˴ʮ죬͵𾪡
ǸٻٻѣİɣȻǴˣǴĿˣҪ鷳Ǵ𲻴ӦһүòʮƵ˿ڣʮͷȴ쳣ǿ׳¡һţһ㣬У˵϶үӵĺΪ̫ˡ
ĻŷЦˣɨȺһۣдһĨ˵λİɣȺңҵУҴС䣬һ˴ˣûһѹ


342 뷨ʵ
һȺЦŹŷĻ
ȻղŹŷ罫ˣǲΪŷжֻǳ͵ϮĽѡ
ֻҪԼһȺһϣǹŷ糤ͷ۶С
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һУһȺңʹʮҲ˲ҡŷЦ˵һȺ˲м
һɱǿߵߣ򲻹ʮ죬˵ȥ˭š
ãԣеĻǿ϶Թ۵ġүӿŷɫһֱһΪǿϿġ
뵽үЩµ˹ŷݣӦǺǸǿһĴڣԲŸ˵ղŵĻ
뵽˻ȥֻһ˫ȫǼ¶˵ĻһȺĩˡ
СӣҲϲһһֵǺúźġǸǿ׳Ļ쿪ڣһЦ
һ֣ʮΧ
ŷ羲վһӡ
ͻȻһ콫еĹӺݺݵĳŹŷԴ˹ȥò˱ɫһҪʵˣŷǲҲҪС
ۼŷһ㷴ӦûУǱɵһһȺ¶ЦݣȻϣŷ粻ֻ˵󻰶ѡ
ڹӼҵŷԴϵʱ򣬹ŷ֣ĵָǸըľмɢ˷ʱвٻҽ˳
ϱľмݺݵ˽ȥȻûΣգȴۣѪͣš
쵰ҴǸǿ׳Ļ챻ŷصչˣϵľм࣬ϡ
ŭǣȥľôͻȻըֻݺݵĽŷѵһ١
׳ա
³֣ŷ綯ˡٶȿĲ˼飬Щ죬ȻһҽȺȫ˵ϡ
Ӷֵӣʮ춼ڵϲҽС
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ӣ͸ղǹ͵ȫһȴôǸкøУжڹŷ׽١
һȺڵϣŷ˿־壬⻹һ˴Ǽʮ˲ӣ϶ûôţưɡ
ãٻٻҵһˣүӴЦһοӡ
ٻɫһ죬ɫЩүһۣЦ˵ջûüȥүүүүСǼҳ԰ɣҺ͹ŷ˲ٺö
˲Ǳˣǽٻ׵׶壬죬Ǹӽ죬ȻеŮ֣Ըȴүүϲ򱧲ƽб
ҶɣһЩŷͻȻڣȺкøС
Ҷɣٻٻò׻һˣÿԾ۾ۣ㶫Сۼҵǲǲ֪˵ţ˵꣬һȺ˱תҪȥö
ŷϽڣˣҶףǷİɣԹģѣǴ绰Сʱ͹ˡ
ŷȻûѣȴܿ϶ҵˡ
ǿ׳ļ壬ڻľһţǿ׳һⶼûС
ãȻͲöˣһǻȥŪɡЦԵ쳣
һȺɢ˶̹һٶˣ⻹Ϊܶ׳ȥ򹤵ԭء
һЩӺĴŹŷͽٻʶŹʵˡ
ŷǿ׳˵绰ǿ׳Сʱֶ˹
Ȼ׼ǵĶ˹֮󣬺ö˻Ŀɿڴŷг𺳡
Щһ²мʮɣ
ٻЦĿһĻŷ뷨վʵˣĶ˹סˡ
һƷʺõû˵ˮƽʱǼûмĺʣ߲ˣвپˮӶɴˡ
ǰˮһЩʳ¶һ
ŷЦ뽯ٻһִۣЩǺʹ˵ԣЩ͸ҵġ
һȺɫ·ĳʦӳú޺͸þߵʱ˶ˡ
ǿŷ𺳣ҪôĶǺףҪһȺʦŹҪľͲǮˣûһҷ꣬ԸԼĳʦȥӶӰ쵽Լ⡣
һ˹ŷʱ۾һСܹϹã٣ҽи߶үҴ˹ġ
ãĲһǿ׳ġŷ˵ļһǳӡ
߶ϲ֪Լˣŷ˭ȻǺ͸ǿ׳һԼԺ͵ƽưɡ
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343 ƻʯ
ʦæµʳķУʼ⿡
˵Щȫ̲סһڿˮӺƶȥԷ˵ֱһ
ȺʦȻǸǿ׳ҹģͿ϶Ǵ󷹵ĳӣտ϶û˵
һ̵ķ˶ǼֵƵľˮϣд񶼿ˣԵĲֺ
ŷ뽯ٻͬһھƣŸ̾˵þûкֺþˡ
ɫЩ廳ڻԼĹȥ
үϲĻҸһʱһЩ߶ڣ쳣ƽʱЩῴһۣڣȴһͽĵӣϣܵõЩ˵ĺøС
ˣ޹»ɫһȻܾ
߶ЦЩӲпЦͷһʶֱӽŪúԣе²̨ĸо
ŷЦˣ˵үүÿһʱһЩþƣ֪ԸҪ𣿡
ȻҪӦõģТЦ˵
ڹŷкøУԼֶŮҵһŮǳο
У߾ÿһڣҸүүһЩþƣǵҪõġŷ翴˸߶һۡ
ãһģһҵеĺþƣү͹߶ϲ˵֪ŷ翴ԼĿģǲУͬΪ
һӽʲôû˵յľƣȻǸ߶͹ģȴҪڹŷϡ
֮ǰӦǷ顣ó߶Ϊ˰ͽŷ磬Ҫôģүӻʮ꣬ĺͨ͸ѻľծɲˣǷ顣
ӣôˣһȥɣҸһùҲԶ׬һЩǮŷ˵
ڵһ£ҡͷ˵Ҳȥ
˵仰ͲˣùŷЩ졣
ۿ˺һۣ͵⺢Ӷ£Сĸ⣬Ǳģˣ뿪ߣŷ㲻֪ǰĳɼٻٻأ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬ûȥΪ飬ĺö춼ûгԷ
˵ˣֻүү쿪ڣ쳣ᶨ
һ̾һҺӰͷԣǲΪһٲһطһӣƶһ
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СӺļɽƻÿ궼кܷʢĲҴȻģһũҩûУڸиǺõû˵
磬͸㡣һСк˹Щŵĵݸŷһʯͷ
ŷЦŽ˹漴Щȣһʯͷ̵Сʨӣܾ£һִʦĸо
ƯСʨӣСܵ˭ģŷӵԴЦʵ
˼͵ģԼ̵ģҺɡСкЩ˵һԼ͵ӡ
ŷľˣһ߰ĺӣȻ̳ܵˮƽĶҲ̫˰ɡ
ŷϵľȣЦˣ˵洫գ˶ᣬǰûµʱ򰮵һЩĶûãˣյû£⺢ѧĵǲڴеˮƽˡ
˻һŷ綼ˡ
⻹еˮƽһǺģЩĴʦ»
ôˣŷһ𾪵ӣٻ̲סʵ
ҾãҶҪϺˡŷܿ϶˵
ʲô˼ٻ۾һ
ŷûлشǿ˽һۣЦʵӣ˵ʲô˼
ҲµĲĻƻ۳ȥЩʯ񣬲ΨһǣͨУѵ·ԥĽԼ뷨˵һߣȻŵĿŷ硣
һһ뷨϶²ŷص˵
¶ɻɫ˰죬ҡҡͷ
飬ҳǮ£·޺֮󣬳һ˾רŷЦ˵
ԼӦΪЩЩʲôϾԷǽٻ˺ϵܺáղһȺµʱǶ˵ͳ˹ùŷܸж
ģ۾һ
ȴЩΪѣ̲ס˵ʲôЩˡ
и߾أʲôʲô˾֮ĹɷݣĲңʣ󣬸ҡŷ˵ʵνĲ㣬Ҳֻ˵˵ѣǮŷСףԼһ㶼õĻЩ˿϶Ը⡣
û⣬λֵܣģʲô鲻ľңҿ϶ġ߶ܾظһĵӡ


344 þû
ӻЩԥڴûнӴ̳˵һܴսҪ¾̤ȥǳѡ
һçײˣԼʶҲǳѣȻΪԼţ˵ܸɾܸɡ
֪ʲô㲻öүүϺ𣿡ٻźɫץסһλᣬϽѵ
һֱнѨ˵һжҪҪԼүүȻҲᱱ¼ȡûȥѧ
뵽ᶨҪԼүүϺӣǾԲеģ˾
û⣬һõġᶨŷЦļ򣬲ٶ˵ʲô
ˣһʲôɷģ϶ܹ
콫Ϣȥ˶ˣȻȫ޽·һֱԸֻҪܹ·޺ãǵƻ˳ȥܹϺӡ
ŷ˼Ҫרųһҹ˾ۡ
ˣڹŷ˿ɵġ˵ģͿ⼸󿨳Ķ֪
ŷ絽жǮ̫ˣ·ɲޡٻĸŽٻСʵ
𿴼󿨳ˣʵ·ǳĲã˾ڱԹһ¶Գӵ̫ˡ
ϻһ˲һ£һ㷭ˡ
ٻһ£Լĸ׻ش𣺡Ҳ֪֪ķ꣬˵ֵʮڣҹŷȷʵҽһβշǧ򡣡
ٻĸ׵ɴ۾ǧ޴ֽˡ
βһǧʲôˮƽǸ껹ҪǮذɡһǾˣҲܿܳΪ׸ˡ
Լĸ׵ӣٻ֪ˣٻϽ͵裬㲻ҪˣŷٸβģǮˣ̫˾һ֣ûκõġ
ԭٻĸһղǱŵˡ
ǡ
Զһ󺰣һȺ˳˹Ϊ׵һ󸹱ˣʮӣ͹棬ŹʣһȺ죬м죬ˣþûдˣ滳ŷһаЦ
һЩţŷĻȴ̲סЦ˳Ǿùŷ˼仰˵ú򾯲һ
ֻнٻ͸߶֪ŷ˵滰ڰ׺йǰСʲô˶Ҫһվš
һȺֹͣ˳ԺȣԵЩš
󸹱˲ǱˣĸףһȺ죬η塣
ٶڴУǹ١ĸףӵĴ峤һƬطһԡ
˭ǹŷ磿һ־վ˳ͷˮ˱Ӳѣʻץ˰ɣͻ۸Ƶİա
ʲôŷʵ
Ǹ־һ㶣ȻŭҲҵҹŷ磬Ǹŷ絽ģһŭĿ̲סЦ˳
ŷҲĿɿڴȻ󷢳һЦôϾģܱز
ЦʲôЦǸұ죬һ飬ŷ־ŭ䣬ɨһִǱ͡
棬ԾǻǱȽηġ
ž֣ǹŷ硣һɫŹָ֣Źŷ˵
žֵľʱŭԼˣˣǸЦˣȻǹŷ硣ŭһЦûУץ
ǰóλεҪŷס
߶һߣۿһУЦ֪νĶžֲʲô³ٶǣֱ
顣
죬˳ȥڲԶҽ
ǴҳԷˣʶľ͸Ͻҳ̸顣ŷ絭˵һ΢飬Ȼûн򾯲ϡ
㾹ȻϮǸžִŭͻȻԼǹ˳׼ŷ硣
һĻɫˣһĨᶨֱӵ˹ŷǰ棬һ˫ŭŶž֣˵ҪǸҿǹȴҡ
ڵĹŷӵϣȻĿ£ֱ嵲סǹڡ
ˡ
ž̲ס˵ߵһۣŭ˸Щִ𣿡
ִִʲôٻͻȻվһŭӡ
ž־ӵĿɽıӻ˸ôţ
ٻòһ£ƷǷžЩԥ̲סʵ˭Ҫִ
ִ壬ýٻЦ
ǰ׺ѧĸУҲĴҪץҵѣһλ֪ҵңҲڶʮڣҪԣôٻ˵Լݺ͹ŷ˵˳
ʲôǸžˣٱҲףˡ


345 ֽӵ
˵㲻ǰ׺ѧһʦΪǲ֪УƾҲУ׿ڣɫм
ոսٻĻ˵֮ҲЩģη塣һ룬ȴøܣһŶʮͷŮˣǳ壬¶ô죬ΪһѧĸУ
ۿ˵͡ٻЦ
˵ʲô״ŭһԣû˸Һô˵
ҽٻĶϱһԼӣ׷ŭ˼㡣
žֳҪˣʲôҷǳ̣УֱһЦЦһ˫С۾ɫôʰŷˡ
ٻӵϱȴһ˻һһ٣Լӡ
žҲˣ䣬ҪΪһѧĸУֱǳ˵ΣҰ׺ѧһĴѧصеص㣬廪ͱѧУһУλãôȥġ
뵽һЦÿҴ֣˭Υɱۡ
ǹô˵ģΪľЩ
еĴɫһ䣬ԵЩη壬ֻнȻͶžֶţᶨǿ׳嵲ڹŷǰ棬һɽһ
žɫѿû뵽Լˣǰ˾ȻҲÿаŭϹǲǣϽץ
һȺһۣǹŷȥ
ٴɫһ䣬󼸺˶վҪͬ˵ŷǵĿˣ棬ǲĿܺ
Ҫ𣿡žŭǰЩ޴롣
ĿǹһҪֳʲôĻ˵һ飬Ҳְλ᲻
ˣ㲻Żң㲻ץǾץɡŷ粦죬վǰ棬һЦݣžֱֵڿһʺ
ŭˣžŭһͻȻŷһ˹ȥ
ǹָŹŷ磬ŷ϶һֻ֡ȴ֪ͨ˿϶һ֣ϧŷ粻ͨˡ
顣
žֵһûߵŷ磬ȴŷһ˶棬ҽһ˳ȥڲԶ
ɫͨ죬ҵʹ˹ȥ
һȺɵۣû뵽ŷ羹ȻôţǹָҶ֣ѵͬǸŮ˵ģһ۶ʮڵϰ塣
ִǵܹŷΪˣˣŵʸ
𣿸Ҵ򡣡žּѵĺ
һȺһۣ໵ĳ˹ȥǵ뷨ܼ򵥣ϼͿˣڻʲôʱ϶Ƕžֿš
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һЩȫ˳ȥڵϲͣĲҽСֻһ˳һ㣬վԭأɫ԰ףһı顣
ģȴûмôģŷôֵģǶûп壬ʮ˾ͷ˳ȥ
ŷĿԼǸɫ䣬ͻȻͳǹָŹŷ˵㲻ҪȻҡҿǹˡ
˵ˣ챾ܵľãŷδػὫǹС
㿪ǹɡŷЦˣǹеڵУСӵ߲࣬û˿в
Ǹ߹ȥԷˣЩ㱡ֲͣĲţʱпΪſ۶
ǸžҲֲԣϽģ׼ǹ
֪һǹ֮󣬽˴ˣʾͲһˣʱ鷳ҪԲ˶ߡ
ʲôǸʶĿ˶žһۣȻһһǹ
˶ˣٻɫҰף󺰵ŷ硣
֪ŷȴ֪ܲܵסǹеڽٻʶ棬ٺõˣǹеҲֻ·һ
ţû£ӵ档ŷЦ˵Լ֣һŻðӵָͷţڳ˵۾ɴˡ
ֽסӵڵУټοʵУû˵顣
㡣ŷһĨЦһӵû뿪ǹǸֱۣһ޴ĲҽУŸ첲ˡ
ŷЦ֪ǸֱǷˣҽʥǰҲδܹκ
ڿǹ죬ûдϾ컻һˣǸûı£ˡ
˶ԴһˣûǹʸԹŷͷǹֱۣеļһΣա


346 ǹ
һȺ촸ſ£ŷ罫ĿͶĸףһĨЦԵ쳣а죬̲סһս
ҪʲôЩ˵
ʲôֻǾܿɰġŷЦ˵
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뵽һ׳˵ʲôɣֻҪŹǣʲôӦ㡣
ǲ˵ЩʲôŷͽٻȴסŷɫˣһֻӬһġ
߶ڳ鴤ƷˣҲ֪˵ЩʲôˡŮƵĹ٣Ҳϲˣһﻹ롣Ҿǿ˵ĻҲῴһϼһӻ࣬߶YY
Ҫǹŷ֪߶ʲô϶̲ס˺һŴһ㶼ϲ˺òá
ŷŭһ
ͻȻ˳ȥһ׵ϣ߷˳ȥȻˤ˵֮󣬹ŷٴγȥ
һȣֱ׶Ϊֹ
ŷݺݵĴһжĵĸо˲١
һȺĿɿڴǼ̲סˣǰޱȵĿ棬ǸΪһ
漴Ǿͻװôеŭɢ˲٣˶¶˲õЦ
Щ꣬ǽٻļ˵ļҲûܵһҵ۸
ˣʹ죬һסЦͷһҾƣһʹӡ
ʹ죬ɱ
һȺصԼӣƱ
һĻǸžĿɿڴ֪ƽʱһΪȴû뵽ǾȻ˲ģ֮ǻ
վ͵͵ߣֻǸոһӱ˹ֱӴϡ
žֵһֵۣڵˡ
ʵĸţҴǵȡŷ絭˵ȴöžǴ˸սʱҶˡ
һǹµˣǻʲôŷ綷ڶžֻһͷϣŷһܹ󷢴ȱŹԼˡ
ŷ翴˸߶һۣû˵һȺ˳ԺȣֻǶžȴߵڵϣĵǻһɫࡣ
ֱһСʱ֮󣬲һȺ˹
һȺװĵˣһȺ죬ȶžǸƣҿ˺ܶࡣ
߾ֳбͽϮž۾һ߾ֳ﹫ֵľֳλȨأû뵽ԷȻʱ֣ʱ񿴵˾һ
߾ֳȴûпһۣŷǵȥ
磬ʲô飬㺰ʲôҪس׷ʲô飿Ǹ߾ֳڣЩԼʲôܽˣҪԼҲ治鷳
Ҫ˵λǹ١߶ԼܵһۣȻ󹧾Ľܹŷݡ
٣ĸ٣߾ֳɫɻù֣Լһʱᣬȴ벻
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߾ֳûзӦǸװĵȴһϽǰ˵ǰ׺еĹ٣
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׼ҵӿƼ١˿ڣԳƿ׼ҵӡ
ŷȻˣ׼Һѣ֪ݲΪ档
س̲סƲǱˣǱصسơǿŷ𾪣سҪ񣬿ͿģʲôݣҲ̫˰ɡ
ٻȴЩϾŷˣĳɾͣĽ
žȫɵۣȻĿ־壬ԼˡسҪˣܹá
뵽žǺ޺޵ĶĸףһҪı顣
ڵĳӶҪˣ˼㣬֪Լ군ˡô˲ȱ£ȫʮԴġ
򵥵Ľ˵һߣŷ翴˶žһۣ˵Щ㴦ɣҵҪǣҪһ
ģԲġƱ֤Ȼһ֣һȺ콫Ѻߡ
˵˼仰Ҳ뿪ˣҲԵĲˣŷЩʣµʳķˣȻǽһٷ
ֻǣЩȴԶһ죬ŷһˣ·ǵһշ˸ı䡣


347 Ф
ҹµǺȻǶ죬Ǻ٣ȴҹĻͬһɫĻ׺һǳɢԼĹԡ
ŷ뽯ٻǷַ˯ģҲסڽٻҡٻе̫ˣֻһСݣ˯˼ˡ
ŷ˽ǵķȻҲͬƾɣȴש߷Ƚٻҵķ˲֪١
үү˯һ𣬹ŷԼ˯һ䡣
ҹܼžһϢûУһֱĸоŷȴоʣ˴еŷϲ
ҹһ壬ӵԶ
һжӳĵףŷ硰˽ٻ˯ǻһĨ۵ЦݣЦһЦ
ŮˣǺ㣬Ҫֻ̫࣬ҪΪһ飬㿪ĵ˼㡣
һ糣ûʲôȫ鷢ŷ׼ջȴ͵ظܵһϢһϢĺ棬һ˹ȥ۾ʱ
·ŷӴ˳ȥ
ҹһһ㴩Уоڡ
ǰһ꣬һ£ƮȻУʱĻһɱǰˡǰ˺ǱһϢɷ죬ȻɱˡڸǰȴֻǱӣǶԷĶ֡
Ф
ŷ۾һУ꾹Ȼˣӵʱһʮ޺󣬼ǿ󣬿
ǰǸ˵ϢŷҲƣ˰죬Էǰ׻ͽƫƧĵطФ׷ɱ׻ͽǹ˼ġ
Ϣĸǵû˷֡
Խ˼ɽǰǸڱ۾ͨ죬ݺݵĶФϣЦФˡ
ŶҾãӦ˰ɣ㻹зĻ᣿ФЦ˿ûнԷС
ǿ󣬶Էͬ磬ǾԲĶ֡
Ф׷ɱܳʱ䣬ǶԷ죬ѾĽ¡ȻˣԷҲ
ٺ٣ФҪΪʤȯգѵûио𣿡ԷЦɫ
Фһ㶣Ӧɫˣúѿ
˵һ˫Ӿ䣬ܣ˸ŵ⡣
֪ͨʦţҪɱ㣬ɽΪĲĶ𣿡ĴЦһӡ
ȴһ˿飬ĴʮФĶ֡
ФĬȻſڵϧǱĵطұɣѡطˣҵõһ
˻һڰĹŷӣ֪ФӦԼˣٺһЦŷҲ飬ֱ˳
˵Фôôɣﶼ㣬һôŷЦ˵һӡ
Ф¶һĨЦ⣬ȴһţ˰׻ͽһۣ˵û⣬ҪѰ۵˶ɱ˲УȻû顣
û⣬ڰеĸϼһϽŷ󺰵һ޿ֵӡ
ѾӦˣĸǿߣ쳣ǿ֡
ڵСô磬Ҳһĸ߳ɫᣬɱޡ˫Ӷڹŷ˵ϣ˲м
ڵ϶ô֪Ϊ޵ˣǱŷҡͷֱӻһ䣬ɫѿˡ
Сϣһᶯֵʱ㻹ôӲһ˿ڣЦ
ҲϣһᶯֵʱĹͷӲױ顣ŷҲڣһǵı顣
Ф˹ŷһۣ³һ仰ϻࡣ
˵֮˶ˣһ⾪춯أҪն񷣬ݺݵ
Ǹ׻ͽһФһˡŭһͷ׻ҪסФĹ
ФһĨЦ䣬ֱӽ׻롣Ǹ׻ͽϣԷһҽжûз㱻ɱ
һФǿƣĸ߱ɫǵնɱ׻ŵĵӣ˵ֱǳ衣
ŭһֱӾͳ֡
Фӭһˣ˵Ĺܲˡ
ŷһ±ӣЦһһｫԼ𣿾ȻԼԸˡ
תͷŷ˳ȥ
̫ͼֱ֣Ӹȥ׷ɳȥ¶ŵɫһǿߣȻס˵֣һ·磬Խܡ
㵽˭һ̲סʵ
ŷһĨаЦ˵µظȥɡ


348 ɱ
һѪ£ˡֲϢɢˡ
߱ɫǸܵһ޷ֵƣԶǡФ𾪣߿һۡ
ѪɳȥǴڿѪֿµѺۡ
ǿ޷֪˭ˣһ߾ɫѿ
׺й٣ǰ׻ûйڣ㲻Ҫ¡һ߿ɫ
ֻȴ¶һĨ־壬ŷ룬ɱǿߣ֮һκξ߶ϡ
Ȼ֣Ҳ֮һսΪûбʤġ
ϲɱˣرǰ׻ŵˡŷܵ˵ü׻ŵľǿɫࡣ
ǰ׻ţŷҪúҽżֻʣһˣ㸸ײ֪٣Ϊ˻𣿡
ŷһĨЦݣ˵һս£Ҹĸ޹ء
ڣʲôʱĸͷȫһԣڶʱڿɱǿߣˡ
Ϊ֤Ҳ壬Խˡŷĵ˵һٴγˡ
һȭɱһǿߣԷŭ˫ֽӡһͷ׻ȥ
ŷЦȭͷһ⣬׻飬˸磬ɱȥǸǿߴ񷣬аƣɷ죬ҪסŷĹ
˲ͣĽ֣Ǹǿ߲ͣĺˣѪ
ȥɡ
ŷ˵ֻظֱ֣ѹ
ǸǿߴȻ飬ɱ˳ɱһĻĵɥ䡣Ҳǵԣ˴𣬷ŷ緢
ϼ죬ŷ廯ɫ˴սһսȴھԵϷ硣̫ͼ֣ס˰߲񷣬Ȼݺݵĸ
˴ϷҪ̫ͼ
Ƿ񱬷̫ͼӲȻ͵ס˺ɳȥڿѪŷѪɨֱնˡ
λǿߣɱŷȴˡһսͻƣսǿﵽһֲľ硣ͽֻɱǿߣûһѹ
ФǱҲֳʤһ⻮ǸǿߵԴն
ФʤѩԭأƮȻɣõùŷ綼ֹһǲ̫Ưһˡ
ФϲʵɱߣһҪˣν˫ϲŰŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣФҡͷ㣬ҲôˣҾûĿռ䡣
ŷ죬˵һ仰ˣ
ǵģФˣФʵѾˣѹƲͻƵĻпܱ
ûз裬뱨ֻܱøǿԶԶǱ㣬ս㣬Ʒ׻šФ˵۾һɿ̹ĵĳޡ
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Ф˵˳Ȼǰ׻µ֣Ϣȥ¡Ҫ֪ɽһһĴɣǧ꣬ʵֶ֮һ㶼Ȼ׻ˣ׻ŵʵжǿ˲
Фͷı۾ѪȵĻ棬ԺУʦֵܲԶˡ
ΨһҴߣһУӹһ١
κФ۾ƿ񷣬޾ɱʮ
дޣҪˣܹͷԼ
ȾȥŷФļ򣬵˵
Фͷͬ飬ԽڴɽУسǡũ˯ñȽ磬ʹһսټϸ·ʱ䣬سǵʱҲŲʮ㡣
ҵһӪҵСݣ˵һЩƲˣʼԺȡ
ʲôû˵ֻǺȾơһƿƿ߶Ȱ׾ƺȽ棬÷ϰĿɿڴôһᣬѾʮƿƱ˺ˣȾƵˣǵһμ
˺꣬Ѿҹʮˣϰ嶼Ѿľˣŵϵһƿӣٺ˺üʮϰȴûпκϲ뷨Ȼɫ죬ȴûȻȡ
͵ɣҲøˣ׻ź;ϵҪС֡Фˣôһ
ŷͷĿ뿪ӿڴͳһǮϰ循ϲУŷ絭˵ˡ
ҲûڰУֻȴ쳣䣬׻ź;̫ˣ;һڲټһ׻ţȤˡ


349 칬
ڽٻļ˼죬ŷκ˴һЩ뿪ˣȴ˲ǮǷԸһ˾ʼ޽·
һ꣬ͽٻ̤Ϲ̡
ٻһ·ЦĺܿģĸԺӻĸãѾˡȻʱܽĸӹٻȴ̫⣬ĸҲδҪ뿪СӡȻ󣬵Ͼǵĸ
ص׺Уٻֱȥϰˡڹģʬλز͡
ŷǱӣڴᣬһ绰˹ȴֱҪ뿪ʤҲһ
һҪϢһߣ˵һĴܶϢҲɱҲ˵
ŷֱӸϵãѯԭ
֪ڵʲôȫûбҪһ뿪ǣеǿߣҪ뿪ȥһطڣ֪ŷĵġ
أŷüͷһиɻ󣺡ʤǰǿ߰ɣ
ȥʤǰѾͻƵǿˣҲȥڣ³һϢùŷ𾪡
ʤͻƵŶ೤ʱ䣬Ȼ͵پߣΪǿߣҲֲ̫˰ɡ
𣬿ҲסǸطòҸĸȥõطɡŷЩƣ֮۾һ˲²⡣
ҡҡͷǣ㸸ĸȥĵطޱȣǲһط㲻õģԹεûܹ˺ǣԼ
ûиԼ˼ŷҲûʣϼһصģԼ֪Ķ˵
Ǻðɣʲôʱ뿪ŷѯʡ
Ҫ׼ȻĻҪ˵õϢǺܲǿȫ뿪ùŷһеħʹɱЩҲܣܹԷ̣ŷһ
ھߡ˵ùŷһ㶡
ŷһۣ˲֪ʲôʱɫۣһ٣Ե쳣ء
ˡޱ飬˵
ɫƽȴһµƣֱӽŷ統˿
ʲôҲҺҽʥô˵ŷͻȻڣЩˬ·ԷĶͷһ
ϡ
һüͷһһɱڹŷϣҪѹ
׳աŷһмԷҲֻһѣȻƾƽѹֱЦ
ȻƳԷơ
˶ţһʱûܹռϷ硣˵ɫȴѿŷ粻磬вֻһϣھȻϿһֱĸоɫͨ졣
ͻȻ֣һָһɫƺһƬնڲ·Ҫһ㡣
ŷߣһѪ֣Ҫȥ
üͷһ壬һ֣˵ĹΡɫЩĮ˰һۣһʶĺһ
ղֶξסˣ˷ƵĹģһǿߡ
ҸߣĪҪﵢʱ䡣˵ȴһϣɫһ䡣
Ȼ²һǿߣʲôʱ˸Һô˵У˸ûʸԼ
뵽ǾҪ
ʱ屻˹ʤЦԭЩһҲˣǵʲôˣӶš
ɫ䣬һŭ칬ˣҲˣ
ȥġʤֱһƳ˳ȥǸ˳˳ȥݺݵײһǽϣǽײһ󶴡
Ǹһ˵ϡ
˸װBʲôƨ칬ûʤƲƲ죬һмı飬ʣµǸ˿ŭ
ȴҷͬ³Удǿߣں칬ͷ׼ȷ˵Ǹû˵칬ɲô
úãʲôƨ칬ΪԼأŷЦȻǸɫ
ʤ̫ʱˣҳֹϣΪһùŷͷˬţǴ˱һûһطġ
ѲҪף칬֪ģĳʲô飬ʹǿߣҲܱʣµǸɫڣһĨвĿ
ž
һƳϣˣһƳ˳ȥͬĺ󳾡
вңô򡣡
ɫ³ôһ仰


ڶ 


350 Ⱥн
ǹŷʶһμŭֱһƳ칬ʹߣνǿ
ŷ簵զ࣬˭˵ʵûƢʵһһƢ𱩵˻ҪֲӾ
칬ȻһжķߣףǱԼݣΪԼܹʩ𣿡ʤЦһ⡣
ĻʱöԷף֮ǰǲ֪칬ĴڣֻǹװɵҪǡ
칬ֻǷϣǿôҪ̫ˡ칬ʹ߳ŭ˵
׳գҿܵĽѵڼȻӾͷ书һ֮󣬻ܲܳȻôĿʤЦǸ칬ʹ߽
ԷױɫΪǱϣͨûʲôͨأ뵽Ǹ칬ʹ߻еҪҪҵΪ
ɫ־壬ʹ飬һֵӣͨ˸Ӳ
ŷĿɿڴǰһѵûǿߵ𣿾Ȼη嵽زҲ̫˰ɣ
һȺѣǿȣ̫ԶˣΪȴûľʤͣȻ칬Ҳǳ˽⡣ûжֻ֣ŶԷѡ
ѵ칬ʹߣһǿ˵ûʲôӰ죬Ƿ˶Էȫ书;Իӡ
ʤǰ칬һʲôĵطŷѯʡ
˵Ҳ˵ʤҡͷ
ŷƣ⼸϶ȫһУصۡ
ڱˣԺȻ֪Ǹطˣ˵Ǽ壬ǸطвСĹڡЦ˵³һϢùŷһ
ĳ칬ͻףүүŷڲ²⡣
˵ܹȫΪ칬ҵˣֻǹżң˶С˵ùŷ𺳣֪żҺǿȴż߶ȣѵ˵ǵļѾ޵
ʲôǸɼĴˣ칬ʹͻȻŷдһĨ֡
̼ǵãʮǰһǿɱ칬Ѫϴ칬ǿߣɱʬҰѪȾ졣
һգ칬޺һƬȷѪ꣬ʬǳɽռλ֣Ӵս˼ռҹŽ𡣵ǼλҲܵشȥ̱֮չأʮʱ䶼δ֡
ӴԺǸΪ칬֮ɫĽɼ壬칬֮ǣĵ㺮
ˣЩǲ֪ĺã߰ɡǸ칬ʹһۣ˵
Էɫ΢΢һ䣬ܵ񣬳вһҶ˵۹ŷǲǽɼĴˣܹԸġóȻĳֵĻǰһҽʥһǿߣԻ˺ǡ
ĸ칬ʹߣʤ뿪
ͬʱǿ뿪ϢҲġһʱ֮䣬еĿⶼ˰׺Уһɰӿ
Ⱥ쵰Ҫˣ鷳ˡժ¥Уǿ׳üͷһ
õϢɳ׺С
ʱͻͻƵߣһӡŷһ˵
ҪݱܷâŷЩʣû뵽ԼһգҲ䵽ֵز˱ƵҪ
СɫŭȺ쵰ʦǻǺÿġ
ҾǱȢѾͷҲҪ붯ʦ֣Ⱥ쵰ȫնˡɫɫ䡣
ǿ뿪ǵļȱȻ콾˫Щȣ˲٣ȺϮĴսŷһƶûС
ΪʲôҪ뿪˭һɱһһһ˹ȥ
֪ʲôʱԯݺ֣ͬһҫۣл˹ɱ˸
ôˣŷüͷһ壬û뵽ؼʱ̣ԯݺᾹȻ֡
ˣҿҪͻˣҪ֣ںվһõķ㹻Ķָĥ¡ԯݺᵭ˵
һҪİæŷ۾һС
ԯݺҡͷЦ˵ҪǵֶΣûбҪ˱ܣ֪ĵơ
ŷ绹˵һ˽ɽͷ෢趯ֱӳ˽Ц˵˵һȺ۵ĶҪ۸ֵܣϹˣûٰɣ
϶ûУΪ磬ҴٵġһФ˽ż첻ŷȴ֣ǿˡ
û뵽λֵô磬ڵˡһħ˽磬һȥ̲סս
ħڣҲʱ˹
ôֵĳ棬ôٵء֣ɫȹ欺ʥϢĽڣӺħŮĽ壬֮Ķ


351 ɱ
⼸˵ĳ֣⣬־С
֮ˮȻֻǼ棬ȴԳΪѡ
ǵĳ֣ùŷеֱӸıˡ¶һĨЦû޾ĺڰеУɭȻ˵ȻҶˣҲˣ˭Ұ׺У
һԤʾһСһѪ޷⣬콾һЩײ˭Ӯ˭䣬û˵塣
ǿ׳ҶסЩˣһ˿׺У֪ͨǣڹ֮Ҫǻûн׺Уȫŷɫ䣬ųɱ
áǿ׳ڣȻ뿪ȴ顣
ǿ֪ͨЩңȫ׺епԱ룬ϱ˭ǸΥȫ塣ŷɷ졣
ǿһ飬Ͻͷȥ֪ͨЩˡ
ôһʱ䣬ǿ˹ŷĴˣҲĵõ˹ŷϿɣΪĸǿԸ⿴ŷ类ϳ׺еģڵڰ׺пνһ֮£֮ϣܶ˶Ҫɫ£ɲʧȥڵĵλ
Ϣˣ׺Ļ̻̣ЩҲûһ˶ľЩڵȴʱǲΪŷʤϣôһɱҲס
һ󣬰׺ҪһˡСһЦݣ˵Ļȴ쳣ᡣ
ûЩΥˣվֻǻҪǣ׺ֻкôˡɫҲڣȴ˵ŷúܶĻ˸о˼顣׺йŷ磬ų飬£˵ĻҲ̫˰ɡ
ŷ絭һЦû˵ֻһĨЦа졣
Ϣˣҵһɱ˹ͷǵһλ棬𾳽磬Ӧǵĵˡǿ׳õϢҵһɱЩȲҪᣬŷɱ
ȥӭӣݺɽպһȥȡɱ𡣡ŷһ⡣
а𣿡Фüͷ΢΢һ壬ǿһ𣬲Ǿǿߣô
ûκ⣬СıϮʱ׼סĻ̳ˣҪӲƴǺܿŷ翪ڣǡ
˵ͷۼȥ
ǿ߲ΣĻҪŷһĨɱ
˶һۣԿԷеġ
׺⣬һ˵Ĺ·棬һȺ˱סǴӳ
ǹŷ磿һվڷ˵ǰˣòϸͷֲ䣬ʱһ˫ЩƵӶڹŷϣһĨɱ
ϻ࣬ҪɱҵģѵҶʶְɡŷ絭˵һµƣߣ˿ûһη塣
ûж֣ԯݺɽˣɫЩɵ
ԯɽҲҪһȻǿ󣬵ҪŭѷЦ˵вˡ
ֻԼԯݺᵭ˵
ŭѷƾЩˡɽЦǷС
ɽȣҲĲһ㣬ɽ˿ûнǷУǵıˡ
û˻ɵɽϣҲһɽϵĴУĴ澴η
ɫɱǣһɿֲ˵ϣɽһء
㡣ԯݺЦϽⱬʮԥĳˡ
һ棬ϺƵһƬռ䣬һֹȥĳ嶯
ʱԯݺᣬϹ˻ʸ£ĺ֮ȫɢŻ֮𶯰˻ϡ
ɫܵһǿƣֱ׷ǿߡ
ǰԯҵĴˣȻž磬Ǿսǿв
ߡ
һֱӳ֣һֻƳ֣顣
ԯݺ᳤Хֱӳ˹ȥƳ죬Ҫ浥Ծ
ССҲ죬ŭʩ֣Ҫɱԯݺᡣ
ײһʱ䲻ԯݺǿȻͣĺˣȴʯһ㣬Ժ
ԯݺϲƾеһΰͣıս죬÷澪ŭָˡ
ŷɽնһۣ֪һʱ϶ֲʤֱҵ˳˹ȥ
汩ŭ֪ŷһȥԼѱҪֹǸһܵԯݺֲĹһⴴ
Ͻ񣬷治ҵԯݺսףֻдԯݺᣬܹȥԮԼˡ


352 ն
ɷγ֣ȴ޷ȫԯݺᡣϾһս
ǿ˺Ѳ죬ڲ˷Ľ֣ȫս˿
ԯݺѪȴ쳣ᶨҪǿ߽֣硣
ȥŭأХһ㣬
ԯݺڷ⣬أͨɢһԣⶼ˽ɫˡ
塣
澪ԯһеʣųٲ𣬻ʥ壬Ϊǿ֮һԯݺᾹȻˣֱʱʹˡ
һȭ貣Хһǰȥ
˵ĹײһͬʱˡԶԣԯݺ˾Ե·磬һѪȴ¶һĨЦݡ
ǿߣҲˡ˵ǻճڣͬըһը죬ء

ҲѪȻҪܵһĴˡ
𾪣ԯݺɱʮ㣬һ𣬾ԲɳžܹƴԼǲʱ¾ҲǶ֡
뵽ˡ
ɱԯΨһãɱҲԯ޵з̤ƽǷҡŷ糰ɽ˹Χס
ѾеĶ֣÷ĿѣЩնɱˣŭ˼㡣
˭ǶҪҽɱǣ˭ܹ֪ŭһ˳֡
𷢿˲Ҵ⣬ֳ˹ȥ֮ս
񱩵ϢһУ棬ǿɱ㾲춼·ڲ
ŷȣҶظȴԷɡ
ԯݺᣬϾɳһգɱȥ
ȣնϣֱӲɱ˺ѡ
ɽͷ췢趯һ񣬳죬һֱչ졣
ϡ
Цٴγ֣飬ͷ׷裬˸ˡ
ʱˡŷɫᡣ
ˣýˡɽҲЦڿһֱ׵ţһ
һû湻ءԯݺѪϵѪЩʡ
ŷ̲סһۣû˵ûˣˣϽ϶ԺеĴء
ôˣҲǿθˣѵûս򣿡ɽҲ˵˷һһĵı顣
ԯݺĿһᣬŵͷðɣ͵ɱϼһԺ档
һƵӣ÷Ц˵ҪңǺ⣬Ϊһ𣿡
ڶԼԼɵǳ֡
ŷ翴һۣ³֣׳ա
ԯݺҲҡͷ̾ϢΪ̸о׽
ɽմЦǰ׳ѵ˵ݣûѹ׵Ķ𣿡
˻һɫ
˵ԺգǷ˵Ȼ˵ûе̣ǸܵġֻҪһ̡˵ģ͵ס
뵽Щ壬䱸ĶˣûиóȻ֡
ϻˣɱԯݺῪڣһϵģκ
һʶľȥһֱʱǲӣûĻˡ
䡣
һӵĴ󶦳֣ǰݺݵײ˹ȥ
ũ
澪ﾹȻˣ𾪡
ҵȫȻũϣһɾ޴ķ˻÷ڿѪ
ãũǵסˣ΢һ㣬ҵתߡ
͡
һѪɫ죬޾Ѫɷ÷ɫ
һױ쳣ǿ󣬱ŷգʱ䡣
ҪֿҪסѪɫ⡣
䡣
һ죬׷ɳȥ¶־ɫΪԯݺҲһ
ɫĸָոճڷԺУоǰһʹ屻ˡ
ԹĵһۣŭҲʰ
Ȼը飬ֻһͷ­۾ʵţĿ
ŷ˶һۣԿԷЦ⣬һˣôˡ
ҽյһǽ֮˶ˣͷ­ʵ۾ɴţ÷ҵʹ
ܡ
һ׷ԲԵ˳˳ͷ­ʱһѪһ
ŷ磬ǸҵţͻƵǿߣȫҪŭɢһɿֲɱֱ


353 ֳ
ûĴ𶯣˭Ҳû뵽뿪ʤ;ȿҽʥŷǻܹɱһλʵ֮
Ҳ˲мΪ治ˣǳ֣Ȼһɱŷǡ
סһЩˣЩ˸ںȻҪ֡ǿ׳õϢɫЩϾ
αصǳ֣ŷЦ˵
˻һ𣬶һ⣬ʱ¶˷ܵɫڳûһֵ˵𣬾ǿߣҲδСţǵʵҪǸ磬ǷȱĲʱѡһֱƣЩͷˣоһѹ֡
ŷĻǵһȫսⰻȻ
˭֣ǿ׳ʵ
֡
ŷĴ𰸳˵ϣֱڣûҪֳֵ֣һҡ
Ǿֲ֣ŷ絭ʵϴЦݣȴЩ̡
۾һԯݺ˵ܣرӣֻǼãǲܷŹǡ
;ڲһǣȺˣֻдǣǲŻ֣ڼʶǵʵ֮󣬾ԲǣһȺӣȴʶʱҪֳ֣Ǿڡŷ˸ž⣬˼ǣ־
ǲ֪ɽտڣüͷ塣
ǲ֪Ҳ֪뻶ϲڶǷڣͬʱҲھ֮λǵжһֱڹעڣЦ⣬һ˫ˮӶڹŷϣЦ˵ҸϢαң
ôŷһ£˵
԰ֻҪ㲻ЦˣϲڵʥŮ˭ģ𾳽磬֮ϾҪ
Уң磬ҪΪҵŮˡŷ翪ڣɫ쳣棬Цʧˡ
ͻȻ֣ŷ粢ǿЦǷǳء
ˣǿЦġϽͣԹŷкøУûеϲĵزֻ֮ĸ飬΢еѡ
ǹŷҪӣҲδԸ⣬ϲȻãʥŮ붼Ǳһô׽ӽһˡ
أҳΪǿߣǱΪһ塣ŷɫ࣬һ㶼ڿЦ
ˣЩͰ͵˵ǡǸȸ̽Ϣղʲôû˵㲻Ҫᡣ
תߣԵ쳣Ǳ
ûϲʥŮԸʲô鶼ǵӦ֣ʲôʱŹŲˣȻŷĻ̼Ĳᡣ
ȵ뿪һʱ䣬ŷɫŹ֣Ȼ͵طһЦ˵СҶ㻹һ㡣
ղǹģˣĶȤζʾ
ɢֱԼҹ
ŷȴӵһ绰ģùŷǰıһˡ
ŷϵұʱһ˵סȥ·
鷳ˡӳ֣ŷЩӡ
꣬ռʱ򣬲һ磬Ŷ̶̵ļ£ܹɱ𣬽˷ƣ̲ס𾪣š
֪аգһȺ쵰ΪСүҺ۸ŷЦ磬ɱʮ㡣
ˣãҪĻҡӵ˵ûڰС
ŷ۾ź뿪ıӰһʱ䣬˸ǿˣѾٵ۷壬ʱԳ𾳽硣
ùŷ̾ûǸĽᣬֲˣѾǿˣΪǿҲδزܡ
ԡԼıģΪĸѸ٣պ֮ǱӾ޴
˦˦ԴЩ˦Ժŷ߽С
ٻѩ¶ڣֻһɳ棬һְҵȹŹŷ硣
ˡŷ磬ʱ¶ϲɫȴЩԹ˻ص׺ôʱ䣬ȻҲһֱۣӵĸоᡣ
ţˡŷ˹ȥһѱס񣬽§С
ǻԹһ˲仯ΪУȻŮǿˣҲס˵ṥơ
Ҳ㡣˵ŷг飬ˣٴλ˵ڶδ죬ٴγ
˵촽һΣɳšΣǲŷֿɫͨ죬˹ŷһۣЩǸ˵ԲҵСϹϻ飬ʱ㣬һǻʱҪô㡣
áŷ۾һ̴ӦҲһʱ̵ģ̣кܳʱŮˡ


354 
ŷ绰顣
פյڽ˵ңҪùŷǰȥѹһвгĵһսԲʧܡ
ЩܲǲģʵɫЩǡ£ŷǹŷµĻȴΪ
һЩС鷳Ǵ󣬺ܹܿİɣˣеҪǿŷ翪˵
ǰ˱ܣҪһ棬ԼߵʧȻĻڵȻ濹ЩļһȴСģϮɱǡ
ԯݺǵ֧֣ŷ޾κˣЩһԿκһɡ
ǾͺáͷûмʣһŮˣ֪ʲôʱ˵ʲôڹŷ鷳ҪֻǰĴҪ鷳ˡ
ʰһ£С
ܴ󣬳ŷ󣬱ֳ֮ǶҪɵ˼㡣ĲУȫֵĵطֻ벻ģû治ŵġ
ɫЩѪô꣬ǲǻĵһҲ٣϶
һõطת㣬ŷ̲ס޵
Цĺܿģõŷͣκ鶼ˡ
ƯĻظҹһĻһֻ־ק˹ȥ
ŷкһֱһŷ˳ȥ
Ǹֵ˲ҽһһ߳ԶһֵĶˣһùŷ翴ĺܶġ
ˣȥι񵭵˵һȺ˹Ǹק˳ȥ
ĿɿڴһĻг˾ȡ뵽һţϰһŮˣΪϼŵܣڿı֣ﻹ֪ݡ
ֻǶڹŷݣЩȴ쳣棬һУȻŷµϢع⣬ЩȴԾûи㴫ȥںܶ˶֪ǹŷŮˡ
һҽдżСһһ˽Щ֧֧˵ϰ壬ԡ
ʲôüͷһ壬ûʲô˼
ıҪ˳Ƶ˵֪ΪʲôһŵǶ˵⣬ԶԣһӣҲûа취
ҲˣⶫҪĵʲôزǵ⾹Ȼԡ
뵽˰֣һط˰ɡ
Ǹɴ⣬Ͻ˳ȥ
ţû뵽㻹һ棬ЩˡŷЦ˵
̾һЩ̾˵ΪһŮˣҪ֧һƬҵ̸ףĴΪ˵żˡ
Щľƣÿһֽƣĸо
ԺĴ󵨵ȥ£õκ⣬ҹŷŮˣҪ޽ɣ˭㣬ŷ絭˵ɷ֮
ЩжҸУڹŷļϣĵ˵㣬Ⱳˡ
ῪʼŷһУһС
ҪפյǻбĶһЩŶֻʲôģפյѹĶ͵
ŷͷЩŶֻȤפյνϾƳģǸɽɷݵҪǧٿŶܹƳ
ҲŷĲȤҲ⣬һֻҪϲ£ǾͲ¶档
ʦһŮˣͲ󣬵Ǿܷḻֳձ𱬵˼㡣
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Ļ䣬һǧ򡣡
漴Ǹֱ㱻ѹȥǧ򡣡
һڣ
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ǧ򡣡
һվ˵ɨˣһмӡ
˲žȻ㱬һЦһȺ˳ĶˣһĵӡǾǷˣŻ˵ķ軰
ŷоһ֪鷳ˡ
λղλСѾڣǧǲϹصġʦС΢Цѵ
˵ǧ򣬾ǧһ˫ӵһɷŮʦһѪҺǶҪסһ
˵Ŀɨˣ˶סˣǺȻˣо塣Ǹܵϵɷз嶼΢΢


355 ɱǵ
ǴУǾȼģҪҪʲôȥȽϺʡ΢ȶһŮʦ˵֪ǰ˺ԶˣŮʦȴ޾Ϊ֪һ˽
׺й٣֪ˣģܹһ⡣
ң˱ˣǵһҪŮʦˡ
ŮʦǿеĿ־壬ǿƽ˵ȡ衣
˻һһ⣬ʱڰеĹŷ綯ˣһ䣬ֱӵŮʦǰ
顣
һֻĻӶһ촫˺һƬ졣
ŷ磿ɫһֱӺŷ֡
Ȼʶң鷳ӹġŷ絭˵վڸߴȻˣһڸһͷϡ
ӴŭȻҲоŷ̬ȣк˸
ΪʲôңѱҪΪ˷ңܹˣкܶҪɡЦһı顣
Ҳ֪һ᲻ҿԿ϶ˡŷ絭˵һĨаЦһ
漴ŹŷЦ֪ҵݣ
ŷƲƲ죬칬ʹУοˡ
ɵӣɱңȻΪѡЦһԶŷı飬Źŷʱ򻹻֣һС
һ棬ǷɣôͷŷаЦ
֪͡
˵Ŀڣֻǻû˵꣬ı㽩סˣŷһǰֱһԴ档
ֱ˵ϣȻȥ
ŷ纰һ
һȺ˹վڹŷǰ
ι
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ǡϳȥһԥûСǲ֪ŷݣȴ֪ϰһģ״ܣڹŷȻҵ
һȺĿɿڴһĻ𾪵˵ղǸѾǿƵˣǾ壬˵Ǻֵ꣬ȴǿֱɱˣһԥûС
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һЩ뵽ղ˺֣ʱŷг˾ηŷ磬ǰ׺йٵ֣ѵǰǿƵ꣬ǰ׺й٣
ŷĻ⿪ǵɻĿڵܸ˼ңŮ¿ҵĺӣҲϣﵷңפյʲôĵطǿңǵã˺ҹ١
˵仰ŷתߣص˰С
е˼ȫըˣǿƵ꣬Ȼǹ٣Ǹİ漣ͳһ׺еѪǿߡ
Ǻҳˡ˵ĶԻ뵽ԭ
ŷоһҺйϵ
һʦԺңǸʦһֱڻţԺҺɵĹĺܽܡ³һϢùŷüͷ塣
ųʦһϹǣֲɵҪԼ鷳
漴ЦˣΣǿҲոտԱȼֻ֣Ҫǿ߲һԼɱһ
İɣ߹ѣҼȻҾͳȫǣڳ֣˺ҡŷЦ˵
ҷУһ壬ʵȴޡǿֻһеļ塣
ɣǿ߲Ǻ˰׺Уŷ޾壬ֻҪԷһɱһ
תһĨЦݡ
˻ص࣬彻һҪڻڶԷĻС
󣬹ŷ§һı顣
ϹԺǧҪ˼ңûһȥġ˵дһĨֺ̿Ͳ
ڹŷŮ˵УΪкʹģĻǲңǽĶȴţһֱµš
Щ꣬Įթرһûʵĸ顣
ڣŷָ飬̫ںˣʧȥÿʱÿ̶һֿ־ĸоԼʱᱻһ
ŷ˹ıӣЦ˵ɵŮˣģһ᲻Ҫģˡ
סŷͣЩŵ˵׼˵Ļ
ŷһǣıסˣ򸴺


356 ڼ
ڶŷصժ¥ʱɫŹ֡
һǻԯݺһӡ
ǵһμôµģɽҲڣҡͷԣ
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С
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ǸƽҪ׺УȡรɡЦ˵һΨ²ҵı顣
ǰɣɱһˣҪɽϼһҲ̫ûڲ˰ɡŷƵ˵һǵӶѣǸƽ̣еء
Ҫɱĵôԯݺʵ
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ڻˣ׺УѰҵһʵĻᣬŷɱȻֻΪ׺е°
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ͺ¿ͲСˣ仹ͦʹɱҵ𣿡ŷͻȻڿУϴһĨаЦһۣһоеѪҺҪˡ


357 սɮ
ӷ𣬹ȻħʦֵܶǰҪȻ١ɮڣׯϡ
ȱϢʥޱȣһֶĤݵĳ嶯
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سɷ𣬹ִˡһɮҲڣɫ
ѪޱߣͷǰǴˡŷ˵
ΪΣɮ⡣
ѪȻޱߣͷİһȺ󻰶˵Ҹǻ죬ûǰ;ôȥɡŷĵ˵һı顣
ɮɫһɫ΢΢Щѿ
ϵķ𣿡ŷʡ
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ǺãҪɱǣ˵㲻˭ԸϽԴҿһŷֵ˵
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˾˵ˣһɮһţʩħҷҲݲ㣬ĸ㳬
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ħɮһͷ¶𾪵ɫ
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ħǺǹŷȴӲȫܣΪһоԵţѹƹŷ硣
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ŷЦӿѪӿ񱩣ʵĴˡ
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ڴʱһӰ·ǰȻݺݵһȭ˳ȥͬǽɣ˵Ϣȴ˻ϣƺƵҵϢȫһ
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ݺᣬһҲ̫ϲ˰ɣһϺдˡŷЦֻȴûţȻάѪ
ԯݺɫһ䣬βֱͣӳȥǿƳ֣Ȼսսɮȴɮŭ
䡣
Ѫеɮڳ˳һɣŷ˹ȥԡѪ쳣ңһ˫ŭ죬Ҫŷ綼ȼһ
裬ں͹ŷսɮ˵һĳ裬Լ淭һ㱻һСɱǴȥһӢһ
ƾ㣿ŷЦħɨɮӲһ׷ɣȴûܵκ˺
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ŷЦٴħ˹һµ̬
ɮЦڷ⣬һ޺ٷȻһ㣬ȴͣŷս
ħǿֲ֮սĲ࣬ȻˣŷҲܼѣǿάһܵľ档
ԯݺᣬѾ˼ѪֻĿӼᶨ󿪴ϣһ㶼ûη˼


358 ս
ŷڴսĲԶȴмڴϣһյı顣Źӣſ֣ۿһս
ڲۣݺ̫ˣ㿴һк͵ңõƯɫЦ˵һָֻͷָָ㡣
УҾǸϺвأûҶˣҪݺᣬҪ𣿡ȴͬɫĿɫ
ǿһҸڣһ˶Сɫһ˵
СҲͷһͬı顣
ҪиáФһۣû˵
һ㶣仰˵õǲҪһûáɫȴͬ˵үҲǺУҲû˵ҪңǲҪƫȫòã˵ö̫һۡ
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ۡ
仰һ㽫ڼòȴ˺ԵԱֱˡ
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˱ЦһĿСô˵ϲʥŮģСǵһ
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䡣
ŷ緢ˣħɨһƬ֣Ҫ־ȥ
Ǹɮɫʮɣ㿪˹ŷĹȻɱİ£Ҫɱŷ硣
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ֻԯݺһ˫Ȼɢȵâʵŭ𣬾ɢźƺƵĻϡ
ɮ˫ӡһͷƽʨӳ˳أԯݺɱȥ
ǿԯݺᣬ̫أ嶼ˣпµƳ֣ѪȾµĴء
һսúܼѣԯݺȴûзĴ㣬¡¡죬ͣҪͻһޡ
սɮ㤣ܵһɿµԯݺڲľָˣҪɱԯݺᡣ
ۡ
ԯݺߣһϣɳȥڵϣûԶսɽǱɫ̲סҪ
ʱһɰϢǵأǿҪһһ㡣ԯݺгȫ쳤Х޾ûڡ
ͻˡϵļŴͣԯݺΣĹͷȻͻˣɹ硣
޾ûУԯݺվɮһЦ˵ˡ
ΣȻҵĶ֡ɮЦɵȻԯݺǿս죬ǲһ󾳽磬оԵİջԯݺᡣ
ֻǾ磬϶ɱ㣬ټأԯݺһЦгһɫɮͫ͵һ
񹭡ԥתߡ
񹭵˶˵һֳ񹭣һλ𻹸һսھУʾͲһˣҪӴܡ
߲ˡԯݺЦ乭䣬һɫļʸͣȫɣȴ̺ľܡ
ۡ
ʸ˳ȥն䴩ˣɮŭӣԿʩչ޺˫ָǲͣĳҪʸϡ
ǿĳͣĴɮѪҵĲûбɱܵشɫ֣ܵв
סԯݺһɮԶȥԼͬ顣ֲ̫ˣľٶԿ
ˡ
ڴʱһӵĴ˹ֱӽɮ˻ȥ
ɮڿѪһըˣԼĶʱɫ
ũȻҲˣɮ㹻ǿ󣬵Ҳסû˿ϣ


359 Ϊ
ϺУû뵽ԼнɣЦģһı飬ɮɫѿ
ŷȻħˣȻħħͷһ𣬲ҰɮȻͷ˲
һɽƲƲ죬Щ˵Ǹͺ¿㲻Ļ
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ϲʥŮҪףͬǷ֮ˣһԸңڽȽĿͶϣɫ
ӷɫǿգһжǿգʦˣµ͵زѧϰһ·ɡɫׯϣǳ˵
ħ࣬ҲţЦ̱
޷ΪڴܣҲ˶ϿһĳһֱܲмΪ࣬޷Ƿ֮ˡ
׳աɫͻȻһ˳ȥȵϡ
ȷ˳ȥĻΪʲôʱ⵽ִһСϣ澡ʧ
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صɱ⣬ϺħˣħһڹЦȵı飬·һħ
ֵˣħˣʧȥ˷ӸеľѾǴķˡҡͷ˵ֵˣܲм
ûлˡԯݺ˹ȵߣͻȻһȵĵϡ
Ȼһ˿Ѫ
ҵ书ŭŭģͻȻһѪ˳˹ȥ
ΪʲôɱɽѯʣҲ⣬ԯݺᡣ
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Ļû˵꣬Ѿͣסˣʱɫǿȥ칬ʱ֮ڲ
ҲԯݺĴ㣬ǿ߲ǵĶ֣ûбҪϢʱЩ
ҵõȷеϢһǿ뿪Ҫʱܻع飬һʱ䣬㹻ǳɳˡԯݺῪڣɫдǿš
ʱ䣬аճУʱֳ񹭣ȻǿߣҲ޿κΡ
۾һʱ䣬ڱ˵Ҳı䲻ʲôΪ̫ڶˣǶһȺ콾˵ȴȫһʱ䣬Է츲صı仯
Ļǻȥ书ϢԣЩȴʧȥһΪΪһͨˣǾԲܵģҪ£ܺãϲڶ񶾵Цˣֱ̬ĸо
ħħħʥӣȻʲô֮ԴԽǶ񶾣ԽǸˡ
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ԯݺǳ£û
ɣݺȥħʥӵλø㣬Σֿʼˣ̲סһۡ
һλһ㶼ںһһҪħǿ˽ħУһࡣ
ԯݺֱתȥŷǱȥ
ŷѾսƣߣǴڴʽԶѾˡزŷѾˣϾħܷӳȫʵǱӡˣɮսڣˡ
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ŷȴƴסȻߡԯݺһХսţ˺սɮʱռϷ硣
ɮŭӣ֪ȵ³Ϊʹ죬뵽ɮҪԱ
Ϣ񱩣忪ʼ͡

һ죬ɮһ˹ȥɽũһ˵Ȱשá
ɽũɹ͵ϮɮιȥĻ֮˶̲סһۡ
ũɰשһʷһ
ɽպģҷħǳԵɣʥӵλø㣬ħΣֿˣɽա
ɫӲһ˳ҩ˰ɣʲô裿
ֱڣԽһӴԽһƤѾһŵĵز
ħŮƣ˧ǾȻӦ̫û׷ˡһֹ
û˴ŷֱӷϵɮΪȻһۣͿôչˡ


360 ޺
յİ׺нֵϣǹ·ϺȾѪ˺ܶ˵Χۡ
ú󾯲˽ߣ˵òȴ˻ϡ
һпϢʱ˱ˣȻԼ۾ŷһ޵ٵľ
ʲôֵλߣıڴϣ˿˸⡣
˭ôĵӣ˵˭һ㣿
ϢԹٴ˶һ㶣˭˶ԴֵλҪ֪ǿ߲ڣΪǿߣûе֡
µĵطڰ׺еʱжһ֡١ҲֻλżҴˣֵ
ַˣɮڶڷŭе¸أֵ档ȴ裬Ǻ񣬺޲ɱ׺УŷʬΡ
ҪĲǱ𣬶ǽλʦֽӻɫ࣬ɨһɮ£Ŀⶨһϡ
飬ȥλʦӻѵ˵˶һ
ɮǽĿͶ飬һݵУڴеһ䣬ѵĻƤӶû̧˸Ƿ˵ȥ
飬ҲʦһɮŭҪһۡ
ûпһۣ޾ɵ˵׳ա
˵ʲôǸɮɫ΢䣬ŭʡ
˵ǰ׳գû뵽⣬ǱҪȥɱȥˣʡĻ϶ۡ˵ϣûпɮһۡ
ʦ봦飬ʦַУǲʦֱ֮ͽӦŹ洦áɮ˼˵ȻûмԽԽѿɫ
ס졣ѵɮһۣдһĨãɮסˣ˵ʲôȴߵסջû˵ڡ
飬ƽʵʦֶôԸȥλʦ
ôԸ⣬׷ĻˣҵԸף϶һˣ˵ɱǵ˭أҪϼһȥĻҵǿȥһˡ˵ֻĻȥԻ˴һ
Ǻôʦȴ˵Լɱˣʲôݣ
ӷλʦ˶ҲеĽʦֶ֡ѵ˵Ȼһ֣鶼Щˡ
һۣڵ˵ͷ˵ðɣȥһˣһ㣬ҴĲһǻˡ
áѵͷ
ƵվȻϵĻҳ߳
ûжŷɫ죬ֳôĶ־ȻûзӦеϡ
зӦɳһˣ˽ӻȥЦ˵
ôףöһϷһĵرȻĻ붼롣ŷаЦ˵
ĵرϲһߵ۾һ
ûķݣȥŷ˰֣һСӣɫһڡ
ȴҡͷҪΪǸˣϼһ뿪
˻һʱ˶֪ôһ
ǸķӣиϣҲҪΪ˵һ㶼ڿЦ
𣿡ŷЩȵ˵
Ƿ޺˵ǽ޺תԼ֪Ϣ˵˳һĿɿڴ
޺ͷȴĴڣ˱˶ѡ˼һɳˣȻǽ޺תЩ㶣е㱻߸ˡ
ΪǿߣֻͼħĴڣͻȻǣһ޺תҪ˭ҲԽܡ
Ӧǽ޺ʦ˵ѣӦָľǸˡɫͻȻڣ뵽޷˵һЩˡ
ɫ˵ĲзڵĴܣݣ޺ݲûɡҲΪ϶˵
ŷͻȻǸûмļһޱۺȤ޺˵еɵʲôӵģ
һҪʶһ¡ԯݺ˵˵еɷҲǺȤ
һ°ȻӣֲõԤУͻȻãԷǽ޺תǰ⼸ˣҲùɡΪֻŷǲὫ̫ѿ
׺еͻȻһ磬ЩɻĿһܣƣգʣӦøðŶԡ
ѵһŮסˣңүǲСϲ̵뵽Ȼ֪ͷڵԼ


361 Ʋ
׺һУڵǵ֪ǵϢ֮Լûçײ
ɱ˰׺Уڵù˵˭ءҲǹ·ڴϵˣͻˡ
뵽һ񺮡
ڸô죿
ȥɣûˣֵ˶ˣѵΪͺ¿Ҫǿ
Уȥû
һ£ǸͲ
ڵλ뿪ˣ˼ʹвʣҲûа취ȥڵĹŷ硣
ֵλˣ衣˭ҲȥԣһеԼǼֱɱǻҪѹ
˭ǹŷ磿ժ¥дһСУݣ˿һۣ¶ı顣
˹ҪиߣֻǻûпУͱһ¿ǽƿˡ
ҹŷ磬ûйϵһȥа֣һͷɫ
зŭȴҲף˿϶һˡһʱ䣬Ϊŷǽժ¥ݵ㣬ЩҲʿںܶණǼֲˡ
ʲôŷֱ
Цˣֻ漴ЦݾͽסˡԯݺᡢɽաڡФ̲֮߳ס˸ۣ֪ͺ¿ΪʲôˣЩˣ˵ͺ¿ǿһСģҪԴ
ʶǣɻʵ
Ѿãǣҿɲܣ밤ᡣ˵Ȼ˵Լܡ
Ǹͺ¿ҰɣҰǴȥȻٻǡ˵
ǣʲôŷԴЩתˣоԼ˼άѾǿˣǺǰһȣȴ˲һ㡣
Ի˵һصı顣
žС֪ʲôʱָž죬ɫһ
ЦŵС磬ɡ
˵С¶һĨЦݣȴЩ䡣
£òͷ˱˵Ⱦƣ⣬ʲôƺУҪȺ϶ҪѾˣǣһûᡣ
һǽ޺תЩ˼顣
ʲô᣿ŷʵ
ҸȺͺ¿˵ɽʹ֣ǿ߲ڣǿ϶ΪУұȻܹɽٺ١˵
ôô϶ŷһΪɽʲôֶζԸá
ӵĿ˹ŷһۣ齾˵Ϊǽ޺ת
ƨ⻰Լ𣿡ŷû˵
ɫһЦ˵ȥĽ޺Ӿ飬Զ飬Ҫ޺ԼȥɣСүҲ㡣
ͳ仰߰ɣҪȾƣʱ㣬ǿ׳ȥˡŷʹ˵
ɫһϲ֪ԼˣЦ˵ֵܣ˼͸ǿ׳뿪ȥȥˡ
ŷ۾һ뿪ķЦЩζ
ôλ޺ԯݺʵ
񲣬ƻĺݣһƲӡŷ缫϶˵
ԯݺһ˵ҵĿһȻƷ񲣬һжװģ飬ҰģܱҪΣա
۾ԹߣֵķҪΣգ˵ԯݺὫһʲôĸ߶ȡ
޺ԺҲһУһָоܺǳΪѡɽҲڣĸоǺܺá
޷Ϊˣɱ˾ǣҾͲţܵסǲɣЦ˸ɱһɹɷɢ֮
ʲô˶ʸҴĵ˵ģ鲻һСˡС˵ȻûнС
һļǽ޺תǰ⼸ȴ˿УҲ̫һɡ
е鶼һ䣬ŷӵױ鴫˳ȥͬϣû˸ᣬЩ˶ڹŷǸӼɵ
ǿ߲ڣҲסһȺױˣֵӣеЦǱϳһΪ˷ˡ
׺ѧϵıУŷжһ裬Ʒšһǽеķն¹һ
鶼ˡϴЦʵ
з˵飬ˣʱһʱƽڻô˵ءŷӣЩƵ˵
Դѧ֮鲻ϣûһʱܹʱŷԼ룬ԼҲľǿеǻֻҪԼһ֣ҵͷϡ


362 Ů
ϲÿɷЦѵҪ⣬µصˣиʱ򣬶㷢һ
ŷɫһݣͷס˳ϵĻʤЩˣ̬Ҫá
֮У䣬˭Ҳ֪Լǰ;ΣܵߣѹһеУܷɡ
лָ㡣ŷɫ
һЦû˵УŷȻ·ʮǿƣȴһõܺθڡ
ӳϼ߳Ѿˣٻ˸绰Ѿؼȥˡ
ŷҲżһ˿ųʻ·ϡ
顣
ʻһĵطʱһӳ˳Ȼݺݵײĳ档
ŷüͷһ壬ЩۣԷٶ̫ˣʹķӦٶȣҲûбܿ
ôġ
ùŷ羪ȵǣԷȻҲû£һŮӳŷŭʡ
ӣŷЩǶԷײģһϵûУԷȻȸ״Щˬ
һΣյĹâŷ³Ůû˵ȴɢһѹŮɫ΢΢˱䡣
һģԱСãøϽǮȻĻҶ㲻ŮúƯȴ쳣裬һ˫ĿݺݵĶڹŷϣһĨв
ȿȣôҲȼɱɱ飬ҪSMƤҪҪŷϷʵɫ
Ůһ㶣ȻˣǺȴһʵʵĻƻŮʲôʱĻ
ɫһݣŮŭҪƤǹǣʬΡ
ͻȻһȭŷ˹ȥȻǶŮҲȽǣûЩͨ˷쳣
顣
ȭͷڹŷϣŷ˿δֻ΢΢ҡһ£һȻһаЦ˵ˬСУ¡
ȫ嵲סŮȭͷҸûܵκ˺һĻŮɫˣԼһΪˡ
ŮԸȴǳ󣬴䣬һ䣬
飡
һŷվܣЦŮԷɫͨ죬̵ľóˡ

˰죬ŷһëû˵Ůˡܹоŷûжֻǿ壬סеĹ𾪣һ⡣
𣿡ŷЦеʵ
Ůһ㶣Щɵĵ˵ͷ
ֵ˰ɣŷĵ˵
Ůɫ䣬ʶľҪߣŷȴһסȻֱק˳档ӷŷỵ̂ȻĿͶŮϡ
վڲԶһҪһ˸Ͻס
ſңû𣿡Ǹ˵ɫЩ
סľʹԴһ£ǸԴĶͬ飬һҪӡ
ھ㣬֪ղǸ˭𣿡ͬ鲻飬ˣǸЩۣûһ䡣
˭Ҳܹ컯յʱǿ°һŮûˣ
仰˵Ƕͷ˾˵ȥǵĶͷ˾ղǸ˶ҪЦӭ
ľ죬ͬĻʱסˣʲôǵĶͷ˾ҪЦӭ
ҾͲû׺й١
ʲôǹ٣ľסˣһϯȫмͬ飬ԼѾ´ˡ
ſҡŮùŷЩͷֱӵסŮѨסˡ
㡭ҪʲôŮЩµʵĿʼˡһİסҶԷһˣᷢʲô飬Ĳ
ʲôղôҲҪһ£㶮ġŷ¶һĨЦݣŮھҵ
ʲôԺвɵóһ棬һ˽ԼǿռУºݺݵ
ͷһŮϽ˦˦ͷаԼƽʱû¿ôൺƬʲôŪԺȫЩĻ档
ֻǵŷŮһ濪˷֮˼벻Щˡ
㲻ҸɱġŮŵ˵ŮҲҲµģܺŮ㴺һȣǱɱҲֵˡŷЦ˵һɫǵӣĽŮŻˡ
ҪˣҪʲôҶ㣬ֻҪҡŮıסˣ˵ứ޵滨ꡣ
ŮǰŷͻȻһʹŮӵ˴ϣϴ䣬Ц˵ŮҵĳҰɡ
Ůɫ֪ԼڽˣͻȻԼû쵰ʲô֪ʹǮˣҲĴ


363 ˣ
ԡҵˮͷ򿪣ϴŮڴϣûнࡣ
һᣬˮŮ֪ܵ衣
һӹȥˣŷûгȻӣʮӣʱһһĹȥˣŮڻ̿еȴŶ˵Ľ١ֱֻСʱ֮Ҳûм˴ԡ߳
ôˣǻ쵰ѵˣŮɻ֪Щˣϴ裬ֻǸΪ˵ļһѵҲһСԴеת
ȴ֪ŷʱѾ뿪ժ¥УĿⶢڣһıŤ
ôʲôҿɲϲˡھ˵
ʵҲϲˣһǲһáŷаЦ˵
˵õʱڵһŹŷ磬ֲõԤУô֪
Ŷҽڹ·ϺһŮײˣȻǸϵζһҲµĲĻ϶áŷаЦ˵һ뵽Ůһ˵ڷ棬ĵ̲סЦ
ŷɫ֪ãָԿˣڹŷУһûС
ͻȻɫ䣬Źŷ磬ɫ˵㲻ѾͷɣЩ¹ŷͷ
۵Ŀһۣŷ绺ҡҡͷû˵˵ôؿζ𣿡
Ĵ˹ŷһڵͷ
աŷֱӶڱһָ
ҰһڱˣȻϴʱˣѾͷڵ£һôءһ뵽ŷЦĸˡȻ쵽ԷݣȻ˺Ů飬һǺбҪġ
ŴٿɲʲôԿʹİŮôҲҪһ
һ쵰û˵
лл佱ŷЦݡ
ڣ
ǸڸϽ˹ȥŵʱһȭͷֱ۾ϡ
ңıɱѽ۾ˣһֻ۾Ѿȫˣèһ
ûйŷʣܹƾ壬ܳŮĹ
磬ô㣿Ǹ쵰أŮȵ˵ŭŷ뿪ãͳ忪ѨȻԡûˣŮﻹ֪Լˣˡ
ķŭȴΪԼˣˣǶԷȻԼһŮȻŲʣֱ뿪ⲻǶԼ
Ҫֹ֪ŷ뿪֮˲һˣˣԼõ׶󣬲һԼûС
ò˵ʱŮ˵˼֣¹ŷ綯ǹŷ粻ȴŮŭ
ѩᣬȿȣǸǸѣֻǺ㿪ЦġڱһèۣҲҷãƽʱߵĲˣżѩᷢƢһǾ顣
𣿡ѩðɭɭ˵ɢһ⣬ڶ̲סһ¡
Ƕŭܴﵽزֹŷ絽׻ʲô񹲷ߵ顣
Ů˼ܹµȻ֪Լ÷ŭԭ
ѩʵðŻ⡣
ҸѩԸټŷ磬Ȼ췭ظ뵽Ͻ˵ǱˣѾ뿪ˣѩᣬ׺ʲôѵ㲻֪жΣգ
һ˵ڳֳ̬ѩȴһ㶼ð
Ҫתƻ⣬Ȼ˵뿪˰׺УǺãҲڰ׺зȻĻˡѩһ˦ͷֱ뿪˷䡣
ɵˣһԼһƣŷѩˣԴ𣿵ʱѩɳʲô顣붼롣ŵ׷ϼ֣ѩǾܹġ
ã̫Σգ㻹ǻȥɡھȰ⡣
Ҳȥһ˵ġѩĿԼһۣ˵
һ㶣ѩ˭ѩͿˣȥѹŷ磬Ҫæ
ȿȡ
ڲ㱻ԼһڿˮǺסѾͷҪҹŷ磬Ļѻָ뵽ڷҡͷ
㲻Ը⣿ѩɫһ
ǣ㲻֪ŷһʲôˣɫģ̺ݶرϲŰŮˣƯӣԲŹ㳤ôƯӴ򹷣һȥءΪѩͷĻٰŷ硣
ժ¥дõĹŷͻȻһ磬ЩɻһΧȻһЦݵֹŮң˧ĲҵĴ
ѩӵĿԼһۣҡҡͷ


364 
磬Ҵû뵽ˡѩ̾Ϣ˵һԻԼʲôˣ
Ӧø˲Ŷԣȴڮļ̫ǿˣⲻҸ磬Ҷ첻ʶˡѩһˡ
ڵۣҪǺѩ͹ŷõ˵ĻӺˣԼǰĺȫˡ
ǣѩˡ͡
ѩȴ˰֣˵ˣҶףŷ̫ˣˣ콾ԶʤͬἵҲϾҲˣҲܶҪ̫ˡ
ĿɿڴԼеĹŷ磬Ȼôߴɫ죬֪ѩ֪ŷǸˣĻ쵰֮󣬻᲻뷨
ʲôʵЩɻԼú͹ŷûнħҪҹŷ磬ֱ֪ͨԼˣûбҪù
Ҫ޵ˣǹŷˣӢһȢҵġѩɫһ죬Щ㽵˵
ڲһһͷײû˵ã㲻ҪˣлԼġ
һۣѩЩãֱ׳˵Ҳҹŷԭ򣬳ûĸܰҴѪħнѳˡ
һ㶣ԼӴʲôˡݹŷ磬Ҳһԭ򣬵ǿ˹ŷʵ
ѪħΪħɣʵħֻһ͵ħħס֪˶ףѪħʵħħɡ
Ҫ˻飿ھԲһС£ŪħҲлƴȷѪꡣ
ԼһҸԼֲݣǸףҲһѩ˵
һǿŮ֪ԼŻ֮󣬾һֱܷԡδѪħҲһۣӢˣų콾ѩȴϲԷһѪ
̾һһֱ֪Լõ˼ȴΪΪħʥӣòΪħ롣
ڿѩļᶨͻȻãԼҲӦðʲôˡ
ݺݵĵ˵ͷУҴȥҹŷ磬ҲһֻУԯݺɽǣԸ㣬ͼ򵥶ˡ
ģѩ۾һ
ںĵ˵ͷԯɽ˵ݣȫѪħй֮ǳ棬øһЩ
̫ˡѩϲ
ժ¥ѩῴŷһ˲䣬۾ʱˣŭһҪɱ㡣Ȼתһֻ۾ϴһȭ
ʲôһֻ۾Ƶ˵
㲻˵Ǳ𣿻˵Ѿ뿪ˣôͣѩɫԼĸ磬ûŷ綯֣ѩǶ֣ҲǶԷĶ֡
ҶԷ˵ǹŷѣɲŷʲôõӡ
ڿЦƵŹŷ磬ղһôˡ
ŮôСûҪŷĵ˵ֻĿһۣȫǴЦ⡣
ѩһм˵׷СˣƵʮȦС㻹ûҪЦ
ôؿζˣ󡣡ŷֹѩɫࡣ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣǿѹסеŭ˵ﲻǺ㳳ܵģҪŷ磬һ¡
Ҫŷ磿ŷһ㶣ɫЩ졣
һۣĿЦŷͷܵ˵Ҿǣʲô飿
ѩɫ䣬˼˵ܣ쵰޳ܼĴɫôǹŷ磬Ҷš
ãǹŷ硣ڿЦѩỹûи״ʱ̲סѵ
䡣
ѩ˲ãǸߴĹ󳹵ױˣǰʲôʣ콾ֱһå޳ܵİ
ˡתߣһûС
ɵۣȻ׷ȥ
ŷӣЩĪҲûô࣬ϵķˣ㷹֮󣬹ŷ뿪ص˱
ţˡŷһѱסٻԴǰĥš
ٻɫһ죬û˵ûء
û£Ǽʲôûпúܵ˵Ѿֲˡ
ٻɫ죬ǿнŷԴԼǰῪЩǵ˵СǺȸڻûлЩģղ˵ȥˣҲһȥǵĵ绰Ҳͨʾ˵Ѿػˡ
˻һŷɫ䡣


365 ʮλ
׺еĽȸѪǿٵıУǱ˼㡣
Ⱥӡȸŭ˵Զ˷·ҹе飬׷ᡣ
ٶȺܿ죬죬ȴûһŵĸо쳣ɭ
ѪȸңԼӰɣܲǵġǵǵ˵֪ȸȫԼˣԭȸı죬Ҫ߼ֱ׾١
죬Ϲ㽻ˣҾͲܵ˺滹ϹĺӣҸܶ㡣ȸ˵Ȼٶȸˡ
ǲ˵ˣ֪Լ˵ʲôȸҲġ
һȺ𣬵ϹˣǶҪȸ˫ͨ죬ΪǣʵȻ򲻹ԷҲǱӣûôƹŭ졣
ڴʱӣҲ˲ˣѪΧھԵ·硣
Է̫ǿˣΪ൱ھǿߡȻǿһˣѾǼˣΧһˣǶ֡
ûʱӶѾˡ
ѪΪʲôҪǣŭʵ
˲⣬ȻŷƹѪһѣȴǴɳ˽ʮλѪ˵һδжˡ
Ѫû˵ֻǳָˣȻҪɱӡ
ӼѵĵֵܶβһգڷڿѪܵشԷ̫ǿˣǿһ֣ǹŷ֮£ûܵס
ûоԼԻû£ŷڹؼʱ̸Լ
һնɱһλԷЦأѪտտˡһͬһ㣬˹һֻժӵͷ­ǱУӱɡ

ʱһͬһըǸ𣬶ˣһԣһѪ˳
һӽǰͬħһΰ⣬콣գ˼㡣
ϹӺ˹ŷһֱˣʼ˹ˣֻҪŷˣͲģûڹŷڳ˺
һۣԿԷе𺳣һһˣҲ˰ɣ
սֱӵͷߡ
һŷɫһ䣬һְֻ˳ȥһֻƣֱˣҪǸ
ɫǼԿѪӿҪ𿪹ŷĴ֡
һжͽͣŷ糬Խ̫࣬ܿ˲Ѫеûȡ
ֱӱѹŷץ˻ŷᣬҽУ嶼ըˣԡѪ
ңΪʲôҵŮˡŷʵ
ѪһۣͻȻɫŷһԥĽ˳ȥ
䡣
һ죬ڲԶԱŷһһǽס˱ըܡ
ɫ΢΢˺죬ָ
һϢҲվɫЩ԰׵ŷ˵Ϲȥȸǽǣа˸׷˹ȥ
ʲôŷɫѿ
ȸҲǶ֣߻һۣͨǱȽǿˣЩȻĴڣȴûȡһϣסλ֡
ڻȥ׷ȥİɣµġŷԸһ뿪һ㴩Уٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ӿȥķһۣ֪Լʹ׷ȥذﲻæӹŷķԸֱȥ
ȸվǱԷ׷ˣ˸ѪΧסǣɫ䡣
ǵҪʲôȸŭɫ˸ʱ׼֡
ǸŮ˽Ҳɱ㡣һڣƺأһǿ̫ˡ
ѪеҪУһжͷ졣
ΣССѪ壬ǲΪԼ𣿡ȸ˵
Цˣ˵ǿȫ뿪ǿ߶ڣвǡ
Ͳǻȸ˵
¾ͲˣһλĵǿҪûеôף۽ٲ˵ġЦĳ
˵ʲôȸɫ䡣
ɫ˵׽ˣ
Ρȸɫһݣ֪ԷҪˡ
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366 ױײ
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һĨѪɱʮѪⱬֱӽ˸ѪĹ飬Ѫһתһλ
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ʲôˣüʵŷдһĨ䱸һֱɱһλǿߣԸǡ
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ϻࡣŷ絭˵ħһɨһѪɫ˳ȥɫһ䣬Ͻ㿪

ʱ򣬹ŷһɱ˹ȥ
Ǹ󾪣֪ԼǶ֣ٺˣҪŷĻɱ
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˾ŭӣһźƯ˸ʴԵϢ
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һ֣Ͻɱ˵ܵһвŷǿһЩҪѲȥȻҪʡ
ɱ񷡣
ŷһѪ֣ޱ޼ʣ죬ֱ죬ǰȥ
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ħ˳ȥȻݺݵնȥ
һɣ춯أǽ춼롣
еֱۣҲӴİϢϣԼһѣǿ죬顣
ײնˣһ˲仯ࡣŷϳּµѺۣһըˡ
ڿѪȸǷˣԶ
Уױ棬ħֲ죬ֻȻǿһλײһֲվлĵһױֻϳּµƣȻȻӶˣһڹ⣬ȥ
ħɱ⾪죬磬Լ޵Ун䣬ڹŷǰ
𾪵ĿħŷԴһƬңûиʲô顣


367 
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ָƽǹϢȴǴûгֹһ
ǺȸѾȫˣ㶵ǰһѪɫħǻĵһױҲֲ̫ˣǿ߶סһܱܹˡ
ŷŲԣߵħǰһѽŷĶħɫȻ𺳣𣿹Ȼĵһױû㣬ģһ죬ΪΪҵıԺġ
ħһӦŹŷĻһһվںһɢԾµϢ
ħصŷڣŷ翴ǺȸһۣЦ˵ûˣǻؼҡ
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ŷ̲סʵ
֪ǧǰһսħѹҲӡ鲻ֱ֪һ꣬һǿߣ޽ĹҲ΢˽⵽ˣԣҾ˳˯ֱղŲѡħϸĽһ
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368 ʥҮ
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˿ϵϢӿ˽׺е˶оˣְԵ𾪣ǾߣҲ㡣
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˭һߵԯݺЩȣŷʵȻˣоЩ˼顣
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ѪΪʲôɩǣ֪𣿡СɫͻȻһɱ˶
ΪʲôŷҲкܶ಻⣬ܵ⻹˵Ĺȥȴûв뵽ֵķУȴʮλ׷ɱ϶֪ԭ
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ˣ˵ܶһֻСȴû뵽˾ȻӦڹŷĺϡ
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²ֹѪҪ͢ҲưոݣǵĸԣԻҪɩӸǻȥȻȺ֮󣬽ӷڽ͢СڣҲף˵ʵ
͢һֱǿƣȻԻĺһЩɻ䣬Ү֮£̫ҪˣǲʧԿ϶ô
ҵĺӣ˭Ҳ᲻ߣʲôƨʥҲܣֻҹŷĺӣ˭ժԴŷЦ˵
ĻֲһȺ˳ǸҪԯݺᵭ˵һģɷˡ
ǿ߶뿪ˣûǸĸ֣岻סǡŷЩġ
磬ǰ𣿡ԵЩί
ŷ۾һɣͻȻԼһƣԼһʱģȻѹˣһײǽĳ嶯
йڣαصô࣬ǿ˶δܹӮһԵǿսȻԺˣŷֻǵһŮˣȴŮ˵Ϊߵһµĵزˡ


369 
һͷŷƵ˵
ԯݺῴ˹һۣҲ¶ЦҲʶһ⣬ԼȻˣŷһڡ뵱ı֣Ϊٲǿߡ
һŮڹŷߣõİ׺л⡣
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в²ǲɵˣû˵Լʲô
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ȿȣԭİСˣһΪҪĥءȸЦſڣŷεӣ̲ס͵Ц
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УǱȻԽǿߣɩӣɩѡ۹⡣ŷ˵
磬һûͬأ̫ڡͻȻڣһıùŷɫһ
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һǰûһΣϲַԼйĿУ
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ǺãԶ㣬ԽԶԽãȻҿ¡̲סˣһ̣ɫúѿ
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370 һϢ
漴Ц߳һ˶˵ԼɱˣΪסɣ
ȰøҹԶ㣬ȻĻҲ֤ܺúõ߳Ц䣬Χ̲ס˸ս
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ŷǵĹϵѾչǸزȻɢ˵顣
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ֻ˵һʵҵŮˣ˭Ҳı䲻ˣɡŷЦˣǰԵ˵һضûС
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ɥ˺һѿ˼Ŀ˹ͻȻԼƣ˵٣Ҵˣ˲С˹Ұɡ
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÷͹ʶٿ÷ķϣҰɡ˿ధڷһȺСܣҲ漫Ϊ׳ۡ
֪˵ݣĻ֪ǰļһȻǰ׺й١
˶ηŹŷ磬ڿһ񡣹ŷڰ׺ǵ֮Ĵ棬Ѫ׺Уᵽ֣вв
÷˭ŷʵ˵Լʶ׺ûмˣԷݿ϶ͣҲߵǼˡ
ǿٿ棬һΰɣԺҲˡƽʱԼ÷֣˶ǳţڣȴһĶûСףǿڱ˵УҲǳңɼڹŷУҲһ
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ǿӺܴ𣿡ŷ絭ʵЩ䣬ľܡ
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һЩȥüͷ˵ˣһôô飬߰ɣұ֤鷳
ǿɫһϲСĿ˹ŷһۣȷ̬ȡ
һۣŷû˵ûǲǣ͹ٲߵĻժԴ
ǿϽվ˵лл٣лл̣лл
ת뿪ԼһȺСܣֻзԼԺҲˣϵ㽫˵ӡһΣ֪Լûֺˡ
̣ƺϲŷ绵Ц
ɫһ죬̲ס˹ŷһۣĻѿû˵ϲԼãС㲻ˣټ
תߣŷ綪˼ųƱڰ̨棬˾η׷˳ȥ
ȥ㡣ŷ׷Ц˵
ȥǲͣԼгһۣܹϵľܾ
ŷЦ˵ãûгҰɣҲȥ
ܲܲҪô޳ܡ
ܡ
ŷشĺܸɴࡣ
ӷŷվ˳棬ܺãŸ裬һȻԵõӣЩһ
ͻȻЩɣԼϲ쵰ʲôطôһʱ򣬶ôء
ʻһǣƷĿᡢζƷƶܹҵȴûн˼Щ档
ЩĲɣŷಽĸ󣬺һѵļƣֻȴ벻ףһﵽһˣһֱԼ
Ӵ
ͻȻоԼһײһ𣬶ԷʹһëȻĸоôôϤأ϶ͷ
̧һһŮˣһŵںʹţֻ棬ȴһĨͷۡ
ӴⲻǵСôҲֵطﰡĵΣŮһȵı˵Ƿʲô漣һ
˰ɣû֣ҡһͷӣܿԷҪ뿪
ŮһĨ죬϶ͷʲôʱתˣȻܶսɲķ


372 촽
û飬ҿ飬ô֪ˣ˵һ۹ŷ磬Ȼֱӽˡ
ŷ糤Ҳһ㣬ҲûʲôһͨһۣȻûʲôֵùעĵط
ŷӣӣڶЩϰˡ
㳤һһ㣿ЦǱŭˣ˵һ̱
ŷɴ۾ȻµվһߣŮ֮棬Ǻټоǳ˼
ҳúᣬЦӪҲ˵ҺᣬǰһۣЦ˵
ɫһڣزСǺȣȴ˺ܶ࣬˸һģӪҲ˵ʲô
ܱá༥
Ӫ
򡣡
ﻥţ˲Ŀ⡣Ůӹɣӵа˵գԵУģŮ棬Ǻټ
ʲôûŮǲǣͻȻȺŭһ
һȺ׳գ˳ҲǲǣؼҿȥҲڣĺ
кܶɫˣҪŮòʱ򣬻ǽеĻѹһȺɢˡ
ʱ߰ͻȻĿתƵŷϣ˹ָС磬һ¡
ʲôŷͷʵһɵӡ
ӣͻȻ˵ˣ֪Ҫùˡ
һ⣬Ҫǻشĺãôġ˵ŷһۣʮ㡣
һߵȴ̲סһ㼦Ƥһɱ̫ˡ
ŷȴһԵӣճյʵʲôô
һĨģûжˣǵһμа룬ѵԼˡ
ֻû˵ŷߵǰͻȻһڣȻЦ˵ֺôҲһɡ
סˣĳǣûˣһ⧲͵ˣˡ
ŭĶŹŷ磬ðɭɭ⣺쵰Ҫɱ㡣
ͷŷЦ˵ɱңѾͷ촽ǺԺҪŶ
ȥ
һŷ˹ȥȻеİ˹ȥ
ܡŷһסԶȥ׷˹ȥ˼ͷֹŷûӰˡ
ܳԶ˲ͣŷ˵ôҰˣмҲ
شŷһƣûдйŷ磬ͷһƲͶ˹ȥ
һ쵰֪Ǽһĳǣڿ϶ˡߵ˵Źŷ硣
ŷеתˣ˲ǶͷôԷˡ
ǿ˹ŷ뷨ӵ˵Ů磬ǼһҵĶͷҲҵĹۣҴСõѣĳǣ룬Һˡ
˵֮תߡ
ŷȥʹ˹ҪǸҸײǽ
ŷ纹գһϬвվû׷ȥ
շüһʱ
ϹһȺ˽׺ˣٸԵˡǴ绰õ鱨֪׺ôһȺˡ
еǣٸԵԼͺǿдߡ
ŷһ䣬ɭȻʵ
Զݡ
ŷҵ˵绰ֱԶݡ
̴ˣӦô죿ֱʥӵĸ׺ʥ𣿡ԶУһطʵ
̵һӣһװȴԵЩͣĻҡҡͷǵ²һܶùŷǡ
˵ԯݺѾ뿪ֻһŷ磬̵ʵԴ˰ɡһ꿪ڣ׳˶оһۿȥ֪һǿߡ
Ƕǽ͢ĺ֣˶ھ磬λˣȫǾǿߣǿ
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ȻϣΪ͢ػߣǲģҪУڹŷĴãν裬ΪʲôЩ˻뿪ǲһ𣿡
̵˼ǹŷ绹к֣Ҽǿжвһ˷Ӧȵ˵̵һѣ̱ʶЩ
¶ˣϧûн˵˵ɣ׺ʲôĿġһ𣬴򿪣һ˽аЦ


373 ˽͢
еɫ䱸ɫȻĶŹŷ硣
Ǹɫ΢΢һ䣬ſڵ׺й٣Ȼ鴫䣬Ƕûз֡
ðɣϼһ㻹ûлشҵءŷӣ˵
ö񡣡һȵ
ŷƲƲ죬ͻȻһ˳ȥ
Ṉ̀ɫǰ棬һʥסŷĹ
ײһɿ񱩵ϢըһȺ˶˳ȥۼҪٵŷоһ֣ƽЩನûɢȥ
һȺ¶Ȼɫһһײ˿·磬սѵĿ
ǸҲһһ˫о䣬ڹŷϣ˽䱸
ô̿ڣɫء
ŷɫȻ̣˵ȥǵĽ̻ʣҪҺӵ⣬ұ̤ƽ͢


֪
һȺŭȣùŷ̫ˣ̤ƽ͢˭ʵ
ɫҲЩ߳ŭأӽ̲͢ԭµġ
ӱ졣ŷͻȻһըףȴֻըЩֻ͢һ
ҸСʱʱ䣬뿪׺УȻŷᣬǴӵзһ
ǸоȴûжֵĴ㣬˼
ȴԾԾԣŷһսֻûпڣȴš
һսҾߣӮ˵ĻĺǴߡǸͻȻڣ񶨶Źŷ硣
ŷЦˣЦĺ䣬ɢɭȻϢ
УǶȥɡˣûһԥһѪ֣Էˡ
һ׵壬ѪУըڷС
˱ŭŷ緢ŷ˹ȥɫƽ˵ȥ򡣡
ȳ˳ȥ͢˽档
ʮӰƿԶȥֱ˽⡣
ɫʥⱬŷӭս죬ֱӼħ
䡣
Ѫʥײŷˣһ˫кһɱȥǸ˴󾪣ȴû˿ηɫ
ʥһʥǹŷɱ˹ȥ
ɫһ䣬
ѾˣħɨǸ˱ն徫Ѫɣڷ
ħɫ֪ŷˣʵǿԿ𣬼һħѹֱָǡ
ŷЦٴγ֣ɱһˡ
̳ȥҪסŷ硣
ֻءŷһɱ죬ֻ̳֣ѹ£һӴɢ̱ɫ
ʥ⣬һʥնֻײһ
۵Ĺâͬʱˣŷɫᣬ̣ǴһĨЦ̻ɫղһײ֮£Ȼ·磬һ㵲סֳħĹŷ硣
Ҫٴ𣿡ŷᡣ
̳Ĭûٶ֣סֳħĹŷ磬սȥɡ
һ̻ʴ˴Ļ˵Эˡ
ɫŭȴŭԣŷǿ󣬳ǵ󣬾̶·磬⻹ô
ˣǾ͹ɣǵãСʱСʱ֮ǻڰ׺У飬ֻħһƣǾҪʧˡŷ絭˵ý͢һȺһȻеơ
̺Ķ˹ŷһۣȻȻת
ĳŷ˵ĲǼٻĻ֡һν͢ˣŷʵƵ̫޷
͢ˣŷһЦҪ߼ˣڸԼȡʱ䡣Ҫ磬ʱֱɣɱȻ硣
ԴУŷ粻Ը⣬Ҫɱ綼
֪ŷ뷨϶Ϊˣǿδ뿪Ȼɱ磬
صѾˣһǵı飬ŷʱ򣬶ʱһ
ôˣʵ
ѾˣҸϳ׺Уһʱ䣬ǲˣͣһʱˡŷЦ˵
Ժô죿ȸüͷһ塣
ô죿ʱ䣬ȥٸҽ̸̻һ£ִҶӣҲĽáŷЦ˵
ŮһһʱҲǶԳȻһʶ֪͢һǿĴڣһȥˣӴ򹷣ȥ޻ء
ŷ磬㲻Ҫɵ¡ȸȰ
û£һȫ׼̻Ǹϼһǲѱɾ򣬾;ԲҶ֡ŷŵ˵


374 
ҹ䣬ŷ뽯ٻ갮飬㿪ʼһֽȸУҲǿ߻ɱ
ǺǿǶľ֧δܹסˡŷҲΪѵʱһŮ˵ǰ
ݶͻȻһɾ˵ĲŷŤһط˹ȥ
ƮɣһŮˣӵеߵòУǿƥһ顣
ŷоԷĶ⣬෴ҲöԷк⡣
ֱһиȥѪڣޱ޼ʣҪŮû
Ѫ죬ޱ޾ޱȣŮȴһ㶯ûУѪȴȻǿĲࡣ
ŷˣڵĹǿ߶ӣοվ½ǲûܵһ˺
ʲôˣ𾪵˵
ŮĿ˹ŷһۣɫ쳣ӣùŷзֹŮ˸òĳԼİɡ
һΪŮˡŮĵǴӾ֮£˼㡣
ŷüŮʱѲرΪŮˣʲô벻
뵽û˵ΪʲôֲΪġ
ȷ㡣Ů˵ͷһı飬ùŷеĽ΢һ㣬Լûйϵõġ
ȴĸסŮٴοڣŷһ
Լϵµ鷳ŷˣӣЦ˵ôλ̣ҪҲ϶ȥϵʲôã
ŮЦˣ˹ŷһۣҡҡͷ˵㸸ףҲĸ׵Ķ֣ҿ㸸׵ġ
ŷ۾һɣĸҲ书ô֪
ŷɫŮ˾֪ʲô¶һĨЦǶ֪ҽ˫ȴ֪ĸҲһ֣ʮǰͻƵǿߣȥҹĸףĸһֻѹˡ
ȿȡ
ŷ㱻ԼһڿˮǺסԼǲǲˣһֻѹһǿߣǶͰ
㲻ûɣûƭıҪŮЦûзŭһĨΡ
λ̣ʲô飿ŷСʵ
ǰЩ죬ɱһǵӣһ˵ġŮῪڣɫ΢΢Щ䡣
ŷһͷһ֪Ů˭ˣɵĸƽ̡¶ȻԼͷиϵǣ
˼ʮǰǿˣȻûб칬ٻߣŷȻΪʵӦǺ¶ı̫ˡ
ҪʲôŷɫҲ
ܶԷ˭ûбҪЭǿΣҪִУǲܵġ
ܼ򵥣㸸׵棬ԷΪɡ¶Ƶ˵Уľͬһһ㣬Ʈݵ˼㡣
ŷЦˣЦĺ䣬һɱɢ۳ʵʣֱָԷ
սɡ
ûκηϻǹŷľ
ԸһĨÿЦݣ¶ˣһֻĵһˣ˷ԪγһɴҪŷ硣
һ־ԵѹƣԷ̫ǿˣȻǿߣҲûܡ
ŷŭٻħʩչطսһ˲һޣֻظ֣ɢΰ
ŷ˳ֳħ¶ն˹һǿĵ֣ɣҪһ㣬
ħϧӡˡ¶Ц˵ᵯָһɫֱӱ˵
ŷɳȥطֻ֮ȴԷָĹʹӵħ޷ֲֲࡣ
¶ٴγ֣һָֻͷѹҪɱŷ硣
ҹ
ڴʱһ𣬹֣һֻȥһͷɫ𣬽¶ˡ
ʲô¶ˣû뵽ŷļУȻһ֡
΢۾˹һ󣬺¶ͻȻ˵ԣ㲻ˣ
ŷо𣬹ྐྵȻ뵽ղͷɫһͻȻ뵽һ顣
֮Уֲɫѵͷɫ
¶ĻЦ˵Ҳ߼һͷβҲǰҰ
¶ˣྐྵȻܿЩҡ
㵽˭¶ʵ
ûʸʣ뿪Ҳɱ㡣൭˵̺һϣվʳ˵һ㣬Ӻ¶
ܣɱǵӣһҪۡ¶ŭ
ȥɡ
൭˵ͻȻˣһһ


375 ˺¶
¶ɫأ˫ۺɫϢһ᳤ա
ЩϢ쳣ǿÿһܻɱŷ磬ʬ޴档
һֲֿƣ̫ǿˣǿ߶Ҫ˱ܣ֮ϡ¶ǿĲ˼飬Խǿߣﵽһ硣
ɫ䣬ЩϢ嵽ߣȴȫըɲκв
һĻú¶ͫ΢ǿ󳬳
ȥ¶𲻸֣һֻһӣһɫĴצӴࡣ
ɫ䣬һƳֻצӷ飬С
ٶȲ䣬¶ɱȥ
¶ɫٺˣù࿿
һĨЦһ˳ȥӿֱγһ޴Ĺƣں¶ϡ
¶ʹһ´ڵ棬ֱӽײһӡ
ŷ翴ĿɿڴһǴϣԻˣ˲ըɷɻҡ¶ȻУ˵棬˲ͳͻȻ˾˵ı仯һͷɫľβա
Ҳôо񻰡ŷ̲סһۡ
β³ԣ˵
޴ޱȣʮףŹࡣ
ŷ簵ԲһѺ¶ҸоҲ̫˰ɣʮ״С;ԼܸӹࡣСͷɫĻжֲ»¶
׳ա
ҡҡͷһֻǰȥԪӿ¶Сһִϣ̺֮޾ܣú¶ɫ
ͻȻȻӴܡ
¶ͻԪĽȴܵشڵѪһ˲仯ΣԶȥ
û׷ȥЩ޴Źŷ磬һСһ
ôˣŷɻʵ
֪ôͻȻ̬ȣһ˴ӡ
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Ӧ𣿡ŷޱ˵
һ㶣˵ͷ֪ˣԲһ뿪ġȻˣתҪ뿪
ŷһϽһס࣬ȻСԴһ£û˵ʲôأΣôֻǹ࣬ڶš
ģྪϲ˵
һʱ͹ŷһ𣬹ͻȻԼ޷뿪ˣǹŷղȥ಻֪Լܹȥ
ȻģƭûУŷЦ˵
һ£ҡͷҡͷŷ绹ûƭǡ
ˣǻؼҰɣݣҲҪ߽һȻĻǾƭǾͲˡŷŹС֣ȥ
ǣǻ᲻Ầ£ҿֶǺµġൣĵ˵
˲ٵӾ磬ֵ̬ȣǷǳηģǣȼ񻹾ÿ¡
㿴Һ𣿡ŷЦʵ
ҡҡͷοľǹŷ֪Լ֮󣬲û¶κɫ
ǲ͵ˣҶẦ£ǸˣǺýãİɡŷ簲οࡣ
˻صĵѾˣղôĶǶоҲ˯̫ˡ
ŷ͹˴߻Ů˲һ
ʲô飿ղҸо̫ǿˣʦûôȸֱʵɫдһĨ𾪡
ܵղŵĲֱģղŵԽǿߣ̫ڿֲˡ
࣬˵ɡŷ˵
˼ŮһۣСͷղŵ˵һ飬ݡŮ꣬Щ㶣ǰŮȻһ뵽
̫ˣ㾹ȻǸɫ̫ˣԺ˭ǣͰ̫ˡȸͻȻЦһĵӡ
ŮҲӦǽ˹ȥȻ´ţһҪо͸ӡ
û뵽ٻǾȻַӳǵ£һȤӣЩʼδ
ŷٺһЦִֽ֪кֵģȫ޲һ춯صСŮദôʱ䣬Ů˸Ͳһ㺦µ
ȥ˯ˣġŷһǷ򷿼ȥ
׽ٻǽϱ˯ˣ͹һ⣬϶оһϡ죬ĩǿڼϢ


376 
ʡңʡ
һȺɱ뽭ʡսҵİȨҪȡ֮
ΪҴϣ뿪ɫ䣬վһöϣС
ԷЦеģ˹ļЦ˵ѰԮɣȥ£Ѫħ̫ǿˣƾһңǵסġ
ףֻѪħƴ󣬿û˸ǡ컺ҡͷЩᡣ
һˡԷЦ˵
һ⣬Щɵ˵˵ǹŷ磿
ǹŷ֣Ҳת㲻ǲ֪ڵ£¾ѪħˣҲǳɻ䡣
ȴЩԥѰҹŷ磬бףһŷ֣ҲԾѪħˣҲͬʱŷˣʱ»вٹŷĵˣĿⶢǵϣһЩòʧ
ҿһ¡̾˿˵
ݺħͷһĴϣÿһغǧ˵첻
Էҡҡͷû˵վ˰
λС㣿棬ͻȻһЩɻ
ţһŮ˵Ӱ֣лһõ廨
ǡЩģͻ˲٣ȫӵͰ档
ŮһЦЦĺ˵СãĻǩա
ĽǩԼ֣Ȼ㽫õ廨˹ǸͻŮ뿪ֱӽһߡ
ġ˸ǷԺȴһӰǸһԲ׵ֶΰɣ˵ϡ
뵽ĳˣĳ˾͵ˣһ˹ôѾͷϲĻ
һ飬Ͻ˹ȥһ˳Լſڣǹŷ硣
һŮᣬһôġ
ܼ򵥣Ʊܵģȴܹܶ飬һȥԷŷЦ˵˽Ĵķ䡣
ûе࣬¿ڸ쳣ҡܵŷĿʱһӺˣû˵ʲôСĵۡ
û£ԼҽۺƵġŷһı˵
һ۱һߵõ廨Щȵ˵⻨͵ģЩϲû˵ŷ˭ͻǵһɡ
ʼ磬ŷֱ׳˵㿴ôĵ𣿡
ֱӸŷһָһӵı顣
ŷȴĴһָſ˵ָûûлϰߣܺá
ʲôϰߣɻʵ
ȿȣͲ˵ˣǳԷȥɡŷתƻ⡣
УһҪ֪һǿı˵ܹܵоŷղŵĻԵĲ⡣
ŷһ󣬲ſ˵Уشһ⣬ҲŻ㡣
ʲô⣬ֻҪܻشģһش𡣡ϵ˵
˵ٷ֮ʮŮϴʱ򶼻οٷ֮ʮŮϴʱ򶼻ᳪ裬ʣǳʲô裿ŷһʵ
ɫ죬̲סһ䣺å
㲻شǾˡŷ˵
֪ǳʲô裿Щ˵һﻹܸåһ𣿲һڣʶ˲ԣ֪ǳʲô裬˵Լǰٷ֮ʮ
쵰סû˵ѩﲻ֪Լŷˣˡ
ˣҪܵͷŷɫ
ŷͻȻЩ£һﲻҪЩʲôɣ찡Ůҡ
뵽Ҫֹ
ŷȴѾԵĽ§˹ȻֱסС졣
ԺһƬհףڹŷĻУ§סţһ̣·ʱ䶼ˣеһУ˵ϡ
˿ռ䣬ʱ䣬·һж棬оԼ˶ڻˣڻڹŷС

һ̾˴λʵУɫͨ죬һۣԼļվ⣬һϷӡ
㡭ʲôʱġͰ͵ʵ
ǽǵʱ򣬾ͻˡһֺŮڣЦеģСԵúܿɰ
û뵽ǱմС㣬Ҳôʱһǿ嶼ˡһŮڣò㣬һŮ
ʲôʱ򹴴ϵģȻǣҲ̫˼˰ɣУҪͷһŮҲ˵һķ飬һŮһѧ
ŷԼʱǸŮŷһۣʮ㣬ùŷ粻ɵӡ


377 ҶҪ
ɫͨ죬û˵Ǻ˵ʲôҺʲôûС
Ů㱻ԼĿˮǺסֺŮһ˵С춼ˣûʲôǲǷǵúӳŽʲô
ҲմУôģȻǳзǳ£Ҹ̾ŮҲһЦ˵
Ǹŷ磬֧㣬ϽƵǵմУʲôһŮڣɫͨ졣
׼˵ˣ˵Ҳ˺ǵ졣Ŀš
УǿˣˣƽϣŷУе˵ȥɡŮЦ˵
û⣬ȥŷֱӴӦ
ȻԽߵĵطԽģժ¥ôֺŮ˵
û⡣ŷֱİ壬Ȼûκ⣬ժ¥ĵ̡
ǸŮȴһЩԥȻųſڵ˰ɣժ¥̫ˣȥɡ
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ЦĿ˹ŷһۣ˵ϰһ쵰Ķˡ
ļ̣гǮʲôûУ֪ʲôӣһֳ󣬻ֵһȻһЦŮҲ˵
һһȻû뵽ǿѾ͸˵ժ¥ϰ壬Լǰ
ȿȣóԷˣǳɡŷʵȥˣٴǱ˵Ҳе㶥סˡ
ŮֻĿ˹ŷһۣ˿⡣
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˵˾ƲˣԺϯŷҲ֪˼Ů֡
ֺŮգǽʡˣŮطǽʡˣǸŮǱˡ
Ů뽫ŷ¶ǣȴɫͨ죬еܲˡ
ܺˣٺȥǾͲˡŷǵľƱüŮٺȾơǵҲѣͷҪһЩϣԲ˺
ŷ磬ʵһֱһ⡣Ц˵͸һĨ
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˰ϲˣС磬ҸСɡЦ˵һֵӣһ׹ȥŷһ
Լ絽ˣŮòֻȻɵķ̬ҪǿĶࡣ
ˣһѳֲסֱӽ͵ˡŷ绵Ц˵
ððҶȲˡսŷ磬Ц˵

ͻȻһ˻ȥ
㣬õԡŷһֳֻצ״̾˵
ɫģûİ˹ŷһۣȻ㲻ܹҵˣһå
ķˣĻ̲סһۣҪһ⣬ҵˣȻһå㻹ȥϷܡ
áᣬɵһָ
ûԼһתŷЦ˵ŷ磬㿴Ѿͷô飬˦ˣŮѰɡ
ŷᶨҡͷȴûһʧĸоǿЦġװһʧɫ̾ϢҶһ
ҵ˼ˣҡͷ˼ǲ֣û˵Ҫ㣬ҶҪˡŷֵ˵üŮĿɿڴ
޳ܵģȴûмô޳ܵģֻ̤Ȼ˵ôֱ׳ŷǵһ
ЦˡͻȻֹŷЩ棬һϽҡͷ
˰ɣһԲῪЦģһĴܲ㶼֪жŮˡͻȻðһ䣬ȻԷ
һŮ˾ϡŲ˵ʱȻͣ
ŷպһСƣһ㱻ǺסˣѵĽƸȥɫƵĶСѾͷ˵ǻܵͷġ
뵽ŷĳͷһϽ˵УҲ˵ˡ
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378 
극ʱ򣬶ѾˣŷˣĸŮҪȥ
ڴʱһӰӭŷֱһǸûײһˤ
ɫǡŷʱǸ˶ʱһŷŭĿӡ
˲ǱˣһɫĴ£ԵӺݻֻŭݣݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһۡ
λС㣬˵һ̰ġŷһ˵
쵰ŭǱŷߣ˹ŷĶˣҪ뿪ģ֮Իڰ׺УΪҵŷ磬úõĽѵһ١
˭һӢ˹ĸߴһװˣü΢һĨӢֻһ˫۾ȴЩͣ˸о
Ҫܡû˵
ɫһЩϲûзǽĿתŷ硣
ʲô飬̸Ǹ󣬵ȴһĿ
ԵЩ£ȴüͷ˵ۣ㲻Ҫ
ۿһۣɫ΢΢ЩޣһḬ̃˵ûûʸǣֻǸ

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ʲô˼ɫһ䣬ϣһĨѹ
ۣ㲻Ҫ裬鷳ʲôһߵ̲ס˵ԩҶͷʵǺýãֻǱķʽһˣҪ鷳ʱˡ
ЦˣֻЦúܼ٣˵ֻǲ۸㡣
ллáЦ
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ɫһŷͻȻһֲֻ˳ȥ˸Ͳܿƣ˵һߡ
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ȥ˹ʤɫǶһۣŹŷ뿪ˡ
ӲмĿ˹һۣתȥ
ŷ磬ղÿᣬֱ˧ˡճݵ˵
ŷ߰ͷȻ˱µһ˧
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ͣ·ߣӰƿն̫Ѩ߸¡ȫѵõĺ֡
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еͣȻܷǵ׷٣˲õˣġͷľ˵ŷڿһˡ
ռƣ͹ŷ紦ͬһ׶ΣǸ־ԼԶŷˡ
Ǹ۵ļһ֪˭ŷӣ忿ڳ棬ʵ
ͷľЦ˭ȲˣҪ
ǺðɣɱҰɡŷʼ磬һεı顣
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䡣
һ죬ûŷһƬռ䣬˵¶ЦݣľߣȫûеֿĳһҲɡ
ûԷ𣿾һҵ·ûд򻵡һǶȥȴ͵صɴ۾ǿ˹һ
ŷˣһ۵ı顣
ʱЩ˻֪ԼߵˣҲ̫ɵˡ
ֱתԶȥ
һŷ絭˵һУһӴӿ˶סȻק˻
˵ɫˣҲûиղŵĲһţŷֶξסǣľߣҲ˰ɣ
㵽˭Ǹʵɫ
µȥɡŷ絭˵һָǸԴϳһѪڷ
˾УȴƶֿŷֱָǻɱȻĿͶһɫдһĨȣû뵽޵澹ȻҲ֣һս


379 Ѫ
׺й٣Ȼ鴫һĵһ·߳һ㣬ɢصϢ
֣ݣ֣·ʱпʧ
ϻôܾ࣬ɡŷӣ˵
Ը
꿪ڣȻһڹŷıһ·ȥƴŷ壬ŷ顣
ÿٶȡ̾ղŻǸŷ磬ֻǹŷԭµһӰˡ
̫ˡŷѪޱߣֱѹȥ
γڲԶ˵ҲǺܿ졣
˶һΣȴûԷŷϴЦݣȴ˾衣һǿĶ֣ǿ
֡ŷ絭˵
Ѫ꿪ڡ
Ѫǲ֣ܺúǿ󡣡ŷЦˡ
ѪϢһȻǱùǺĹ⣬˵ѵõİ׺й٣ֻˣƤ𣿡
ܣǾͳְɡŷ˵ûóȻ
ѪҲûж˾ôţι󣬱ѪͻȻһûУʧ
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Ѫ뿪ŷҲǵһЦȥ
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ʶŷüͷ΢΢һ塣
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ѪǾ硣ǿ׳һ
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ɫͻȻһ䣬ȻһƽϵŮķɳȥץߵ·ϣĶ⡣
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ŷĽͣѪȻˣЦ˵ֶΣΪƾɱ𣿡
Ѫûһ㵣ģȻվ˵м䣬һֺɨ޵еǡ
ʵƾһˣɱ㣬ֻǸʱܵˣԲûж֣㻹ΪԼͰŷ˵
ǾඡѪЦ
ԣʮ㡣Ѫһ޵еǣλھ磬ɨ޶֣ų޵Լܸˡ
ݵĳĬȻǱ
ŷѪ֣ӿκˣȥһС
Ѫǿһ˶սˣƿ񱩣ͬһħһ㣬սʤ
ֱӴӷ˳һ˲ķѣ档
ǼսѣѪɫ˵Χ£ͣѪܵش
̫ˣϣҪߣʲôɫЦѪտտһޣɱޡ
Сֻأ£ñѪҽУӶըˡ
ŷħɨֱն˱Ѫİͷ­
޵һ䣬ȴĲ޵ԲưոݣպеĴء
ڰ׺й򣬵ǲõģֻǿ߻ع֮󣬻ɱСɫЩء
޵ǿߣҲٻ칬гһǻصȻ֪ϤһУּǿߵĴɱ¾ǹ඼ҵ


380 ץ
һصĵãͻȻһ˵Ѫˡ
ʲôһŮ˾һгš
ڰ׺ǸλӦǹŷµ֣ҪΪѪ𡣡˳ȵκŨɱȴá
ǳ֮գǹŷ֮ʱǸŮ˳Թƽ
ٴλָƽŷȴһ˿иץΪҪʱڣ硣
ŷͬѧһкŷ翴˹ȥǳ
ƮȻһֵӣùŷ綼̲סޣƾַ飬òֻͨҲԿԳƵϴŮò
ɰŷЦ˵
ǰɰˣŷͬѧʱ𣿡Цʵ
ŷ翴˳һۣԼ˵ͷŷʱ䣬ʲôΪŮЧҵҡ
ƶ졣ֵİ˹ŷһۣͻȻŷ˵ŷͬѧйĴ𣿡
ŰһֻһֻŮŷаЦ˵
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ҲûпЦšŷҲɫ˵漴Цˣһûεӡ
ֱţͻȻ֣ҪŷšȥŷϽһܵŵӣ㲻ǰɣҪıɱ׷򰡣
˵ʲôһæɫ
ŷҲûֻ֣Цʵʲôæ˵ɣϵɽ»𺣣ʲôӦ㣬Ҫҵ壬Ҳԥġ
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Դ˵ʵҵְҵħʦҸսһӣ˵һֹҳµĶԱѾʮˣֻϣܰҡ
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ˣ˵ˣɷһԼȳ׷İɣһġŷֱӴĻ
ץô飬ôܷŹ͸оءһ̼ŷŲԸء
ŷ̬ôᶨажиԼһһҪúñ֤ŷİȫ
ȥһЩƾɵĹѾ˵棬˳Էʱ̲ס۾һ¶һĨϲɫ
һˣͷʮӣʱһĿС
һۣ˹߰İͷֵַ̬ˣʵ
ֹŪڶû˸ϰˣС㣬ֻҪܰҰһǵĴµġ
̸ģ˵ǮʮһֶС˵һɵɫ
ʲôʮ򣡳С㣬ЩǮҲ̫һɣҲûмʮɣ˾ڳļ۸񣬺һЩ
¶һĨЦ˵νϰ壬ӡ÷ڣֻڳɣҸ˵ֻҪȥһڣɣ֪ϰֵʮ򣿡
ô˵ϰ۾ɴˣ¶־ɫ˵⼸һֱǸţ֮ûΪԷɱҪĥ
Уʮʮ򣬲һҪշϰ־˵Ӧ˳
û⣬߰ɣϲŻҪţȴˣһ绰
ĻϰϽͷæ뿪


381 Ů
ǮŷƲƲ죬м˵
Ǹϰһ㲻ʲôöǳĹˣǮء
϶ᡣܹϵĻشֲɵӣһ۾ܿϰһʲôˣˣֻкڱ˵ǮĿܣôܻǮ
㻹׽ŷɴ۾ȻڳԴһ£֪ǲǷˡ
ɫһڣϽ㿪û˵ûǲңȴҲ
ΪʲôŷʵԷһϰ壬ѵһСŮӡ
ħˣҲץŹҪҲǮߺߡ˵
ŷΪϰˣ뵽ҹѹʱһվڴǰһʲôоǹŷĵӣҲᱻһɡ
Ȼ¹ֻǱܷӦѡ
ڸʲôŷʵ
ɶҲȵϡЦ˵
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ŷŶһֻɹһ̫뵽̲סǳ鴤ǿһӣҶ׽һ㶼ŷԲɵ¡
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¶˼ɫŷ˵ʲôأһŮ̫ɹƤɹġ
ҵƤҲܽۡŷίҲҪƤòá

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ڳҵһ䣬ſڴϿŹŷ磬¶һĨЦȷʵǹģɹһ̫ǿ˵ûбķ
쵰Ҫ㡣ֹ
ǹŷ֪ѾͷǹԼԲȥСƨƨ
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ٵСʱرɫͷǹһ˲䱻ȫڱסؼһƬڡ
ŷܹܵһɹϢ֣֮һɳԹӦþǸˡ
Լ䣬Զ߹һɫӰȻ𽥱
һһ·Ůˣݽãֻǲ԰ûѪɫŷʱһĨ
ԭӵģŷЩʧܹܵԷһɷֻ֮ӵԼʶ
ץҵģǸڣЩ䣬ǲ
ŷͷûзϣֻЩ棬Էô֪ģ
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ŷƮȥ˫ǰҪץסŷĲӣס֡
˹в֪óһľֱӱ˦˹
ǸŮһϽ㿪ľܵ˲һŮɱȥ
ҲţƵӡŷһȵı顣
;ȻѾˣҪȥȥĵطαΪ˼䡣ȣһȻӣһŮʦùŷ̲סЦ
̫ˣڼǰҪǿңӣιҳ˴ĴҩȻʮּңҪ𣬲ɱҺƽŮĴе
ѭӦˬ飬ȻͷαΪԼɱͷҪޱߵֻ֮ࡣ˵
ʹҲҪ˭ңұɱ˭ŮеԹɢرɫΧŭţĩһ㡣
㿪ľ߳
ľŮɱȥŮľ壬˹
ҪģʱЩֽţϽˣͻȻŷ绹վԭأʱһ
ŷ纰ɵӣܣԹأöԸ
ŷӣĲöԸͻȻһȭҫۣŮҽһ屻飬ɢǰ
ԭҲŷֹ


382 ӦŮɱ
һ߿ĿɿڴǿһֻԹĹﰡŷ羹Ȼһȭ͸ˡŷ绹վ̲סɫ䣬ϽϽû
ֻˣǸŮڹŷֱסĲӡ
ŷ¶۵ɫôһȣĦᡣ

һһǸŮҽһ˳ȥ
־Ŀ˹ŷһۣתҪߡ
һĻȻ֪ŷôܹԸȴ֪ԲŮߵģȻĻҪûôס
뵽Ͻŷ纰ܷߡ
ŷͷһֻץǸŮһǿסȻֱק˻־ĶŹŷ磬ȫǲţһôסԼһħʦҪҲһ׵顣
ӶһɳһֻŮץ˻κηֻƾŷ絽жǿ
ǣҰɡǸŮధ
һӣȻûиղŵͷ
Ҳ֮ģϾԷҲ̫һ㣬ŹŮȴǲܵġ
ħʦְһ˼Ϊ߹Լ˶Է
㣬޷뱨ҴӦ㣬ǸŵļһˣԹԵȥͶ̥ɡŷͻȻڣ˵Ļһ
Ȼŵһɱˣ̾ڷԡ
ŷᶨڵĻôҲ˵
ƾʲô㣿ǸŮе
Ϊǹŷ磬㲻û׺йٰɣŷгһţ׺й٣Ůһŵɫ
ǰƺ֪һλ˲Ĵڰ׺У죬Ǿʲô飬˭Ҳס
ǹ٣ŮЩš
ڰ׺У˭ðҡŷ絭˵һְ˲ɵŷ˵ʵ飬˵ڰ׺УģҲû˸ðŷ硣
ϾðŷˣܵĲǹŷĴЩУһ𣬿¶ûðŷĵ
ŮĵͷҲףǰд죬һ֮䣬ɱԼûƭԼıҪ
뵽ŷһȻ˵лл٣µȥˡ
õ廯ʧɢΡҲֹͣˣϿǻ˸˼㡣
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Ϊħʦ׺й٣Ҳ͹ŷ뵽һ𣬲ǷˡϾһ׺еĴУôһѧѧʹǸѧȷʵ̫̬һЩ
ʲôֵģһݰˣ׺й٣Ҳûʲôͷۣǽ飬Ҳ֪ôƯһŮӣȻһħʦŷЦ˵
׺йݣֵýǲáֻһţһֶ԰׺еȨûзŷ絹ԸҪƺš
һЦת˻⣺ĴɱǸϰ塣
ɱԼŷǴһĨЦ
Ϊʲô⡣
ͻ֪ˡŷصһЦûлش
ˣˣԷôŷ˵ôһ˵˲ŷ֣һ춼ûгԶˣѾòˡ
ŷͷһԥûС
ϳĿȥ
һСУ̻ʣǶͶ̥һĿɿڴǸϰ嶼ЩֹԼĲôó
顣
ͻȻһ߿һȺ˽̧һˣǸһ԰׵ӡ
ϰ壬ֵ극֮󣬻ȥͳˣ㷹˲ɾһϰŵùǺ
ֵܣ϶ˣȻСʳĶʺ͸ɾֻҪԷĹ˿ͣҶ㲻ҪԩҰСϰȻ£ǻ̲ס
ǰû˵ҷ겻ɾλֵܣǲʲôᡣ
԰˼ķˣûзʲô⣬ǲǸˡ

һȺʳվϰ˵
ұ죬ﷹ˳Եģʲôֵһֱ嶼ܽǸղ극űġǸŭڵʳһԥһ£ǻǱˣϾԷһȺ죬Ǹ͵ﲻ
ϰɥ֪飬Ǯǲܽˣ뵽˵˵ɣҪǮҽƷѣ
Ǹ˵Ļ¶һĨЦ˵Ҫ࣬ʮͿˣҲǲˣǮóҾ뿪
ʲôʮôǮϰ循
ûǮֵǣҡһϰ˵ûǮǸ˻ʱŭˣֱӺ׼ҵꡣ
ס֡
һЩŭĿⶼȥˡ


383 
СӣòҪ¡ͷĻ콫ĿͶ˹һСŮʱһ
ŷվߵߣ˵û֮ǰϽҹȥӰ쵽ҳԷˡ
ݣװʲôƣҺϴô˵һŭ˵Ȼһȭŷ˹
ŷֱһƳ˹ȥǸϡĿŽƵĿз˳ȥڵϣǸ죬Ҳһ˵ˣ˶ˡ
ǹŷˣעΪ硣һҡͷ
ŭҪŷǸͷĻȴһڣŷ磬дһĨ
»ֵˣɵӣǶԼʵžŵˣǹŷôҲһɵӡ
Ǿֻһ𰸣ǰ꣬Լǲ𣬶ԷûнԼСֹµĳ嶯ȴҪŷԼһ̨¡
ֵǰ⣬ֳϣֶθһЩθ˵ֱ˵ǶҩܵڵСķûκιϵҪˡŷ翴Ǹɫ԰׵Ļһۣ˵˲
ҼǵС·һֳ֮ԵϡһͻȻڣ뵽֮ǰ飬ŷ˵ȫһС·Ļ죬ǰθһֱ̫á
ȻˣǶԲˣˡͷĻ˵ȻкһȺ뿪
ڻָƽǸŷĻҲҶ˵Լϴ뿪
ôȻҽҲҿʲô¡Ц˵ڹŷˣԽԽȤˡ
ŷ翴һۣȻ˵ˡ
һ㶣ŷӦɫͨ죬ݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣŵͷ˵å
ҿġŷ
û˵û㿴
֪ˡŷͷȻٿ˳һۣſڵбأеأҸ㿪ҩһ£ͺˡ
һˣһܿһĶ
ˣˡվҪ뿪ŷͳǮӸϰ壬Ȼֱ׷˳ȥ
ԶܹϰںֵܣǮҲա
ŷȴͷҲأҲȱһǮ
ؼңŷ׷ϳЦ˵
˰ɣ㱻ţҼͨļﲻһĿһ£ҡҡͷ
⵹ùŷ£ʲôļңͨ˲һ
ȥŷЦ˵ϴһĨ档
һ󣬲ſ˵УŵˣҿɲΡ
û⣬òƻûʲôҵİɡŷֹ
ιŷ絨죬ȫװǵļſڵʱҲһ¡
һһܴԺӣص㲻ЩԺĶǹҺܶ඼ǲ֫ϱ۵֣Ŀȫǣ쳣ֲ
ôôŷ̲סʵ
ǶĹ岻ȫ޷Ͷ̥תֻ䣬ֱɢΪֹҸ׿ǿͰǴ˻͵
ŷЩֵĿһۣʵǲ£
ʲôúµģʵǺܶ඼ǺùҪĶֻ࣬ҪĺദȥͻᷢˡЦ˵Ժӵţʱһһֻ첲Ů˹Ȼɭ׵¶һĨЦݣкˡ
һѻǿɲҪ׽ŪŶǺġЦ˵
Щûʲô⣬żϲЦǲ֪ǳ˹ŷ硣
˹ŷһۣͻȻһȻԶƮȥ
İɣλкпǵĶҿ͸о£ô׽ŪءԶ˵
꿴ŷ磬ҲϽжԶ뿪ԶɫһĨη
ӣŷ͵ҲҵĹ͵ҵҵҲյģǲŻҡ
ɴ۾ҵŹÿһӶǹȵĿǣЩȿŷ͸оµԭˡҪˣȶ£ǲء
ѻˣһʮ𣬹ŷת˹ȥ
ͻȻЦˣû뵽Ȼطˡ
壬þòˡŷЦŴк
ӷ߳һˣһֱɽװǷ쳣㣬ͦεǲһ㣬Զıͦš
ŷԼĳƺʱһ㶣ȻĴһŷ磬ŹЦСӣôûȻôˡ
һߵĳЩ㶣ԼϵȻ͹ŷʶҿ񻹺ϤӣһʱûзӦ


384 뿪
İְֽ裬ħʦһʦɲ⡣
͹ŷĸͬѧǹϵõ֣ڹŷСʱ򣬳ȥŷУŷദһʱ䣬Ժ͹ŷ֮ʶҹϵܺá
壬û뵽Ůǵǰ˵Ļ𣿡Ū֮ĹϵŷͻȻЦˣЦĺܻ
ɫһ죬ԼŮһۣûĵŹŷ磬ֻǰһϷԣСӻˡ
Ϸԣ壬ɲܳŷһɫ
˵ʲôԿ϶ԼйϵԼһ˼ӣͻȻһֲõԤС
֣ӦʲôʵɫЩƣϬͿϰ֣ǽԼ˰ɡ
ڨڨЦЦû˵
ŷȴش𣺡˵һƯŮŮ֮󣬾š
ŷһЦ赱Ļ˵˳
ɫһڣԼ׵񼫶Σգóɫˡ
ǶǶСһ￪ĵģ㲻ҪᰡϽ͵ȻĻ֪ԼŮʲô顣
ԼŮȥ˿ĵ𣿡ɫһЦ˵
ȿȣǲ˵ˣɫҲˣŷûȥϢˣҲˣݰݡȻϾ֪˵ȥĻԼŮ᲻Լ
У˵㻰ҿһֱδʮꡣŷƲƲ죬վûм˵ȥ
ˣҲ˵ˣʲôңҾǸʲӰ׺й١ŷ翪ڣȻ뿪
赹һ㶼⣬Ͳµ˹ŷݡ
֣ѵϸĸ˵һ¡ų裬ɫƣóһս
ǸǺǡз飬ͣĸЦȻҽ˵ڡҪԼŮ֪ԼֻΪһ΢飬Ͱˣ᲻˺Լ費ҿ϶
ŷصʱ򣬼Ů˯ˣֻйڵһʱ˳
磬ϺصԹ͹ӴˣɫЩÿ
һͬѧȻһֻôˣʲôԵĵط𣿡ŷЩɻ󣬹ʲôôɫô
Ҹо֮ŵĿϴٻңҿ޷ˡɫЩȻ
ʲôŷһֱߵǹߣһס֣УҲ뿪
ûõģ֮ٻʹܹܣҲûãʱȺϮһƽ١
Σ˵뿪Ͳ뿪֮Σɱŷк˸ɱ졣
ЦˣЦĺŹŷ˵ǧǵһôõˣõģҾȥ֮أҲûܹ˺ҵġ
УҲҶŮˣ˭ҲߡŷԵ˵УȴһС
̫ˣܶ鶼޷ܹʶ£Ϊǿߣħʲô֮ظͲں
ףһ֮ص㣬ֱһ죬ܹɱ֮ؽ뿪˵ŹŷգϴЦݺڴ
ŷĬȻ֪뿪Ѿ˶֡ôǿ󣬶޷֮أԷ̫ǿˣڵʵͺˡ
ʲôʱ뿪ŷʵ
죬뿪֮ǰһ㡣ɫЩ죬ҧ촽һŵģ
ŷ绹֪˼̫ɵˡ
һѽ౧ص˹ķ䡣𽷭ɣһƬ컣תڹŷ³л
ãͻȻӿһƬԪ֮ŷС
ŷҪըһʼǹԪҸĿȻ·򿪴ֱ뿪ˡ
һ㣬ȣֻռ䡣ֻȥʱ򣬹ȴĿͶһ
ɧ꣬ҼȻˣҲһɡ˵ڲԶһط¶ʧɫӴܣоһɾ޴ԼϣȻ˲ܿƵȥ
ʱڿ˹ȻһӴޱȵú¶ϵ巢
Хһû뱻ĿռУȻʧ
һ̣ŷʲôİĶʧһ㡣֪뿪ˣʱȴҷģĴԪѰǿںһ𣬾ȻʼƹأҪ硣


385 
ŷѪ𶯣ϴ£ʼ仯ǿС
ŷûоԼô·סؼܷ·𶼳ǰ
һϣ˷·УһƬռ䣬ȴһȵĹ˸
󣬹ŷ˸Ϣһȳ죬ǻһ㣬һִȱƴ󣬳ʥϢһƮ죬ɽ٣ȴ̺һϣ֮ϡ
ǹŷеֹһԪһΪϢһΪŷš
ڷ⣬һ¯עУϢ
ϢԿŷѹҪϢΪһ壬
һֹ̣ǿߣҪΪȻӵһƣѹ֮µǿߣ˽ܣзɣǡ
Ϣǿ󣬼ŷͻȻըȻ˲ֱ޲áѵϢҪǿѹơ
䡣
һ죬ŷϢ󷴻һ㽫顣
ŷŭˣȻ뷴ˣŭɶ
ʵһ㡣ŷŭȣ޴䶼¡¡졣ϢǸܵŷȻȻȻǲıȴղôܡ
Ҳáŷаզֻ࣬һµģ˭Ļŵˡ
ʼһ𣬿ʼ
ģںһ𣬶ԴڹŷľŷܵѪڱ仯ת£ɿǿ
⣬һһ㣬貶ĿһԼڹŷԴγɣǣ񻷺棬Ȼħ
ħһ壬ħǿ
ŷվ⻪ҫǵصϢ𣬴׺С
߶оˣϢ̫ǿˣھ磬ȴֲһѹ죬£һĲܵһѹơ
˶Ϊ콾ͻˣﵽһֲľ硣Сɫϲ֪˭˹ŷ磬ûܹͻƵʱͷųôѹ
ࡣ
ŷ쳤Х׺Уһɰɱ죬жˡţ˶ڵϣɪɪһִͷĸоĩռһ㡣
ˡСɫ䣬ŷŪôĶ϶ǳˡ
ֻߵ·ϵʱ򣬹ŷɢϢʧˣָƽ
Уٻ磬Ҫŷķ䣬ȴȸסˣܵŷ״̬ȻͻƵ磬ȴȲȶܵʲô̼һ
֨ѽ
ű򿪣ŷ˳ηо䣬ȴˣж·̺һֵϣڹ̫
Ů˶վ⣬һĵӣŷͷЩɻʵǿʲôл𣿡
ЦӣüŮ˷ġҲ֣ŷһĨεı䣬ǵ͸ɱһˣ˻ս
ôˣԥһ£ٻ˳
˲䣬Ů˸оһ˲Դͷǹŷ硣ٻ̲סһ
ŷ翴һĻϽջػɱЦ˵ˣǿٻȥˣ̫ˣ
𣿡ȸЩǵʵ
Թı죬ǿٻˣɴ˿ɼԷжǿĹ¡
ӦǲᣬΪΪ˼ѣŲò뿪ģԷӦκβŷҡͷ˻һüŮһ
еķֹŷôʣȻõ˼֡ѵ˵ȥõط˼䣿
Ҳ֪һʲôط˵ʲô֮أһգһɱȥȳŷˣŲ񷣬˸ſֲɱ
ϴ󣬳ʲôˣɫǳ˽ɨһ˵ʱ̲סһ䣺أ
ŷһ飬СüͷҲµĲĻ϶Ǹ¶Ĺ֣˼֮Լħ˼䣬ӦǽϢ֮ˣһΪôߣ֮ز˺ġ
Ҿͷˣʲô⣬һ̤ƽ֮ءŷ絭˵ȴ̺һ˵ɱ
СЩӦøˣұΪֻߣ໹Ѫ࣬ڿҴˣ֪⵽һʲô硣ŷ罫ĿͶСС϶֪Щ


386 
㣬ɡһЦ˹ŷתͷһǳ衣
֪ʲôʱֵģ˶һŷ綼ЩˣոͻƵһǰҲܱܿĶĿ
壬ʲôʱģŷʵ
ɫǵɫЩţŷϽܵİɣǵˣҸ׵ͬѧ裬Ҳһħʦ
ʲô徻ɢ˳裬ҲǰɡСͻȻһʧ˳
ԭʶңһϢǸһĵӰɣЦ˵
һ̬ȣùŷЩզ࣬ʶ̬ȣˣûһ㾴η˼
˺Уһ̬ȣֻˣһǲ֪ݣһݺܹ̹࣬Ȼ
ǣǰСţʦǰǾءС˵һı飬ùŷɵˡ
裬ΪԼˡ˵ǹŷ磬ڳ˶ΪԼˣһȻҲоˣʲôֵȥ壿ֻСĿ˵Ȼ˲š
ĵӣȻܹⶪԼʦ档
ǼһﵹһˣҽѵΣȻˣ˼Ц˵ֻеݣСӶɳˡûԼʦ˵顣
ˣһ͹ŷ̸һЩģҪĻҲһ𣬵ȵ֮Ƕʶºǰȣᷢ췭ظı仯Ц˵
ǰ˵Сɫ
˵ɣûˡŷѾŮˣ̤ĵ·Щ飬Ȼǡ
áͷ
һ˵Ӧ񻰵Ĺչˡ
ʱ಻ôвӱȼ𣬳ɾ񣬵Ҳвǿ࣬ȼ磬ѹһ
ʱɽޱȺƴããޱߣǧȥˣħޣչһսڴսԭܼ򵥣Ϊǻˣˣҵ̼
ħȫȥһսɽ飬ħѪȾ죬ضˡ
ڿ޺ħѪʬҰһսûӮңһħµʱһƬ
رˣֻʣôһ㡣һЩħǿߣ뿪ĵأͨеĴƬȻ󹹽һƬռ䣬ħ޷Ϊ磬ȥ֮أ֮һ޽硣
ڵĵ򱻳֮أΪһƬ档
ǿķţǧ֮ٴηﵽһ塣
Уħʼ磬ҪԭĴ½Ƭٻأʧˣһսǿȫս֮أٴλصʱ˻Ϊûǵ֡
һսûнǿ߱޼䣬Ҳ·ͨҲӡסǿ޷֮ء
һսǧ֮ٴλָ˹ֻǺþħͻƷӡɱ˼磬Ҫ¡
ʱ˼Ҳи֣ĴۻɱħȻķӹͨķӡЩħ޷˼䡣
ǾԷӡɣŷüһ£м𾪡ħޣϹţô˵˳𾪣ۼ߸ˡ
ÿ꣬ӡħѪϴ˼磬ÿ꣬˼綼콾ɱħ˵ɫ΢΢Щο
Щ콾˼ѾˡЩħޣ˼ܹвǵ˵Ĵڣȥв÷ǽ˼ϴɾ
һʲôʱ򣿡ŷ̲סʵ
ʮǰһħǰδеĶ࣬ǺܿϧһˣԳ˺ܴĿȫɱûж˼κ˺˵迴˹ŷһۡ
Ҽҵͷӣŷ羪ȵغ
ɱħͷӲôţưɣ˵ϵ콾³ҵͷӣҲû˸ƺˡ
ܴ¶ˣӣܿϧǼһȻɱħҲһ󡣡˵ηĴ󣬳̲סЦ
ʲô󣿡ʵԵúܹġ
Ҫֻɱħ磬һӡǱֹˣֻΪεԭӡҲߵͷ𡣡Ц˵
˶̲סվħķӡζҪֽ١


387 й
ŷȴԵú侲ų裬򶨵ʵж೤ʱ䣿
꣬꣬ӡơܿ϶˵
ڳ˶һʱ䣬ûбҪôˣܶ׼
ǲҪģħ磬ǿĳǵ˼Եֿǡɫء
ʲô˵ȵǸʱҼͷӻֱ̤ƽ硣ŷ粻Ϊ˵
ȿȡһ㱻ԼˮǺסŷ磬㲻Ϊܹѹɣ֮ǿߣвϹŻģȻвʮ꣬ǵĶ֡
壬ŵ㲻ȻʱйϵǾԵģİɣ֮ҹżڣ˼ˡŷŵ˵
ҽżңƺѹӢʧûֶ顣һƣȻǿħҲһҪϡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣͷЦ˵㣬Ҳ㸸׳֣ĳɳٶȣ֮λ콾Ҳ㡣
˵Ǹ⣬㲻õģ޽磬ΪеĻ壬㹻ǿû˻˺ģֻһʱᣬǼˡ˵ϣ赹ǺɣΪ¡
Ļŷһһۣû˵ֻвͣ˸ĺڳˣǹˣŷ綨Ȼ̤޽磬Ѫϴ޽硣
һ⣬ҸĸȥŷĿƣһֱУò
֪𰸵ˣڶԸ֪
ҿԸ㣬ҪӦһ顣ŷ⣬ɫ
СŷʹĴӦ
ɵĿ˹ŷһۣôʹ϶⣬е㻳ĿŶȡȻѾˣȻܷڣ˵㸸ĸȥõط֮أһƬħԸ̤ĵط
ʲôΣգŷüͷʵ
֪Ҳֻˣ֪Ǿڽ֮ء赭˵
ᵽˣһ⡣
ǣŷüͷˣȫ뵽칬棬Ҳ˵Ļŷ˽ⲻ֮صһʲôط
칬ŷٴʵ
Щ˱˵ղŲ˵һ𣿡
ټһɡŷЩˣ˵
һԣ׷˵һһˣ˭Ҫˣˡ˵վȻԸ⽫칬߹ŷ硣
֮ǰСһۣȻ󵭵˵㲻׼ȻĻҼʦһΡ
СæĵͷΪʦ棬ǹŷ翳ԼҲ˵
һ·ˣŷ쳤̾ЩˣˣЩһȫصģܶණ
磬㰲ϢɡС̾Ϣ˵
һûءŷû˵
鲻ãŷ翪ųڹ·ţٶȿ쵽˼㣬һ磬ֻܶоߺӰһһͳ˹ȥ
Ҳţˣô죬𣿡
˰
쵰ˡ

һ󾪽дЩ˴𺳣һźӰʧԼС
ֱӵȫûˣɹŷֱӵתͷһɽ˹ȥ
䡣
һ죬ȫΣŷƵĴӳ˳ôصĳһ˺ûܵ
Ѿȫ𺦵ĳӣŷҲ⣬ֱѾȥ
ٶȸˣȿҪ죬ŷչż٣߾Ǻķͨ˸Ӱӡ
صʱѾˣٻڴУȴŷ
ŷ磬¶ظɫͬʱվŷӭȥ
ǣû£ǷİɡŷЦ˵һйеѹǳ׵ķйȥŷʵ׼ȥıˡ
ʲôƨħޣУʱ䣬ԽħǹŷţܴɱħǿߣŷΪԼҲУȮӣżҵˣȫ˽ܡ
Ů׼ķˣϵЦݣŷúܰˣ򸴺󣬽ٻκһˣֵһһȥػȴӵʲôأ
뵽ŷЦˡ
ϣ𣬼Ů˷·֪ŷеƣڷӭӡٻȸŮŷ࣬޲ýԼڽС
һҹߣŷʱѾǿ쵽ˡ


388 ¹ѻ
ٻһϽ·õӳŷ۾УһȣһҪٻ˵
ҪˣϹ绹пءٻս𣬿ǱȥѧУˡ
ŷӣڷſ֡ȸѹȥȴȸֱӲˡ
ϹܲˣӰɡȸһ۵ӣϣŷսڻʹһûˡ
ŷתӣͬƣӣûٲʶȤѹȥ
˰ɣҲˣʲôȸû˵ͻȻ֣ûκŮܹռйŷ磬͹Ǵϣ֣ǹŷĶ֡
ҵ룬ͬ⣬˵ڻû׼һᵽŷЩƣѾֹһջˣһؼʱ̣ǵӣᡣ
һ֮ڣҪƲ㣬Ժ׼ǡȸһԹŷͨ뺡
ŷɵˣôôǿǿԼˣȥŮ˵ӵģʲô߼
ʵܲˣϹ̫ǿˡҲڣ˵ķ顣
ŷ۾ȣͷҲ֪ѾˣûмЩʲô
ҾɡŷһΪѵı飬Ů̲סһۣһǵ˱˻ԡ
ˣаӣǽûлȥ׳ʲôˣðһ¡ȸ˵
ŷҲ֪ûлȸɫ糣֪ûг£ȸĻʱ˵ͷ

ŷ֣պء
ʲôˣŷһԱʵ
ǸԱʶŷ磬͵һԢ£ʮڷִˣͷˣֳƢء
ʲôŷüëһһŭɫ
ǸԱ֪ˣȴڣУһþֳô۸ǿȥ
ֳίǸǹһԱɿ𣬽ŷеŭ׵ĵȼˡ
ãܺáŷ˵۸ţǻ
߽֣ǸԱ¶ɫ뵽̫࣬ѵǾֳ
ֳ칫Уڰѵɫվİ칫һǻòڲͣǡ
ǣһ飬ǰ׺оĹʧ췸ֳȻǽˡ̲סˣ磬öԷɫһоֵСֳȻҺԼ˵λ˵ʡĸһŭ
ʲô췸ֳںҿЦһѧ磬ʲô磬Ҿ̬⣬ְֳҲҪˡ˵ǹҲģ¹ѻ𣬶ĵһѻ𣬾յˡ
֮ǰһ˽⣬֪ǳԾңıȴǿ󣬸ҷС
νҪһз˿֤зѡܲʱҲץúܺãȴһˣһȫǲˡ
׸󡣬֪ж󡣡Цһı顣
⼸ľ죬һЩ飬й˽⡣췸ǾԴڵģ֮ǰֵһӣһֻ
˵ʲôŭһָֻǣһŭɶӡ
˵㾮׸󡣬֪ж˵ѧȴһ׳աǵĻһ㶼ֱӽˡ
һЦû飬뿪ҵİ칫ңҲȥĶҿ϶ˡ
ǣһڵġŭҲ±ĸúܺãһĶ
ֻǿϧǣھУһͨˡ
ű򿪣ŷɫ˽ſʵôڣ
˭ɫһ䣬ڹŷϣܵһϣоԼһ΢ϣһ顣
ŷ˵ԼǵϹȴţǵϣûʾѾˡ
ֲţûҵְɣŷЦˣǰһͿ״ˣ磬Ϊ˭۸
ֺ𣿡ЦһŷеӣֻУȴѾʼˣһɿֲϣȶӶڳ
ڵҪȥײǽԼߵˡ


389 ֮
ʵ㵽˭
ŷ硣
ըһڿĶըɵסˣŷ˭Ȼ֮ǰԸһ˾ԲǣǾǹŷ磬׺й٣Ķ
вٻУȻʵӴ󣬵Щȴ̫࣬Ǹһ׵ļ塣
һ壬ģǹŷǿˣһ˶ϣ˵ҲܵĴ
οڹŷ죬ģþںֶûа취ٷ
ǿҸǣüе֪Լ˹ŷ磬ùŷ֣˾ͻɱ
䡭ֳô˵ɷ򣿡һ˳һԹĶǣĴ˸սһµĳ嶯
Ż
ǲһ˳ȥﷴӦǱĵġ
ŷҲһĵӣͻȻһ˳ȥֱڶԷϣǸߵһ򣬵ڵϡ
ҲǿȻһ˲һµСӵӣվ˹ŷǰ
Բ𣬹٣ҴˡͷϴȻ˿ŭɫûС
⵹ùŷЩˣһλõˣٶһԼĹϣǰһǷһϣں
ˣɣԺ֪ΪҵŮˣͲһôˡŷ絭˵
Ļܲǿȴ¶ϲɫֻҪŷ粻鷳˵һˡ
ڹŷͲȻɵȥƽϣȱסСҪ
뿪ŷ籧סǣЩԹ˵ţ飬ôңǲǾϹûãܱǰ
ŷĻǸϽҡͷЦõ˵ϹʲôأЩر췸ԷһҲûȥ㣬ϾȻǶԹȴûа취
ŷһ㶣ЦˣǵϺݺݵһڣȻЦ˵ţǴˣֻҪǹϹܰһҵ׽רҡ
ħʦǵ۾ˡ

ŷ绰ʱ򣬳˯ŷ˵Ҫץʱ򣬳۾ʱˡ
ԥӦ˹ŷ磬Ȼ˹
ֳ칫ңŷǱһʱ򣬳̲ס¶ȵɫЦ˵ŷ磬㵽мã
ʲôңŷ練ʡ
˵ˣ֪Լ˵ȥ϶ᱻŷϷ
λǽɣĺƯҵżľͳ˾ֳһʹߣ̫ˡСǵ˵
ղ֮ԴӦôʹ죬һΪŷ룬һ棬ŷ˵Ժһ참
ҲҪأ˵еħʦġЦԵúܺƣŷ˵ˣͬУͬѧһŮȻ̫ڵ
İɣǽ㣬һβʲôҵϣ֤ù鰸ظ֤
Ǿллˡ
һԷ緹Ȼʼж
һλڽĹԢܴҲЩ䡣Ѿû˸סһҹ֮ʮˣɵӶ֪⡣
ûйĻҲ϶б̬ɱ˿
һȺ콫Χסһ֮󣬾̲סһ£֮أʬ֮ôסˣ
ʲôûף̲סʵ
һأסˣһסˣȫҪܿ϶˵
԰ԢѾЩͷˣǰû˵ȥü˵ǻɳԷǹŷˣ;Կסʵȴ˵෴
ǰûˣΪﻹûбɼ֮أʬ֮㿴ɽûУɽ赲סɷǰǸɽƻейԢڱˣԲŻᷢҰָŲԶһСɽͷ˵ǸɽɽѾɿˣֻʣһ
ƶǶʵڸô
ɱеĹ궼ɱΪѾɶˣ鲢ףҿɽѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ĹѾҲйĴڡɫأüͷԵúǿա
ԸˣŷͻȻʵ
ҡͷȷʵԸˡ
Ǿɣ֪һ£̵ģԸˣ϶ܹԸŷ粢ģһɲĳ裬ЩҲǿ϶ǳĶ֡
ˣҰֲ֪ȥȥˣֻһ仰ҲҪȥε˵
ŷ¶ȵɫôؼʱ̣边Ȼ뿪ˡ


390 
һյӣһ۹ŷ磬ſڵһ취ֻеΣա
ŷ֪İ취϶Լйϵŷ¶һĨЦݣʲôΣգ˵ɡ
һ˽棬еĹﶼɱ⣬沼ϴ󣬷ֹеĹѣ˵ҲͬЧ㲻ɱĻ϶ǳġ˵
һֱڿĿԣŷʶڹ˵ԵĿƣܺܺõɱЩǳȴڵģŷδǸ
Ͼּ֮أʬ֮·ȻʬγɣҲ˵ĹԶൽҲмٸҲǧ
ɱǣһôŷʵ
ߣǿĹ϶ɱḽ壬ȻںϽȥɸΣ˵Ҫŷĺ
ɱ𣿡ŷʡ
һѻش⣬ŷʵǿӲ𣬵Ͼھ磬ϢУһĳ̶ϣܹԶߡ
ܣžܵŷͷųһ˿Ϣʱ򣬳ȵŴͣŶ೤ʱ䲻ŷ羹ȻѾˡ
ʶ۾ˣû⣬ЩˡЦ¶һɷ飬ΧľԱһ㿴ɵˡ
ÿ̲ס̾
ʵپԲһ飬ȴЩ绪ļ˸ҪˣµһһЦ˶˵ķ飬Ų۾
Ĺǣˣ֪ʲôˡŷͻȻڣԴӼ֮󣬾һֱ²⣬ڲǵõһۡ
𾪣ʺ죬书ĻܳԽֻǹŷ粻֪ôģȻԼŮ޵ѧϰװ˷ʡ
˹ŷһۣû˵֪ͺãҪ˵׼ǽ㣬Щ˶뿪ɣһôûС
ָЩ죬ԥһ£˹ŷһۣŷͷЩȥ
ֳֻʣˣŷüͷ˵ǲҪ𣿡
Ȼãһδۣǽ㡣Ц˵һŵģ
ŷɫȴ΢΢һ䣬̲ס˵ʲôۣ
νۣһǴȵĻܱ磬ŷɲǺĺӳʲô⡣
ҲµۣģǽԲ£ĺӣд˵ˣϲĻӦʥתǽӵΪѹѹһжǳ岻͵
һǰᡣ΢΢ͣһ£ڡ
ʲôŷʵ֪ûô򵥡
ɱЩ֣ȻĻùɱ֮󣬽ȥ󣬶ǽ˵һܿµ飬ĺӶסĽ͵һϾŷ˲ˣΪ⣬ʲôᣬǾͲ̫ˡ
ھͿľˣԸĻҾͲ㲻ԸĻҾͲ󡣡ڣ
򶷣ನ᲻˺ǡ
ᣬһʩչһԳһ磬еܳ󣬳ɱ㣬
ͣŷһ˵ͷУҴӦ
ҲӦһŵûУڹŷԵΡ
ʼãɫأΧһЩȻ߶߶ģһ
ŷܹоųĶһɹ޵ţʮֵءףӦþǴ˵ебһ
ȵú֮󣬳ɫףһ˹ȥһǻˣԺҲֻˡ
ŷ翴һλϵӣЩɻʵʲôõģѵҲ󣿡
˹ŷһۣû˵ĶҲҪɱһϣѵǽվһҹôôء
ŷֱӲ˵ˣһѣȻɺˣ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ڳİţǺãȻҲ뿴ܿࡣ
̫Ҫɽˣ֮Ȼһ磬ɫһ˵ˣǽȥ
ǵͷɿߵ棬Ȼȥ
һ־һĽ˳ȥûУڹŷ羪ȵУһɫĻ壬ǰ
ѳɣŷȥɣιܳҵǰδеǿɫء
İɣչ˺šŷ絭һЦֱûС


391 ɱ
ŷ֮ǰľɫʱ˴仯ŭţ֮һɹɺΧͣǺиֹĽĵ㺮
ŷ磬һ˲ͻָƽ
ŷǰһֻȴͻȻǶסһŷ¿һۣһֱִӵץȡ
ҹŷһţһӴû档һըһɭɭĲҽдȻʧΡ
һͷ˳֣һѪܵ·ŷ԰׵֣Ȼץ˹ȥ
ŷûκζֻһ⣬ֱӽǸˡ
Ǹˡը
һȺɭɭĹڲԶĵĿⶢڹŷϣŷɱͬʱŷ˹Ҫŷ紵
Щɫ¶̵Цݡ
ŷ΢΢üͷͻȻһ˳ȥɫһƣЩϣǾУը飬
ŷ֮ڵۺϷҵĳһĨɱѪȣﶼӣһܹΪ⡣
һ˼ʮŷ粢ûд⣬֪ںأЩ˽⣬˭֪Щһʲôı졣
һʮȴָ
ŷ綼̲סЩˣֻǿһۣ֪Щٸôࡣ
ôĹ˶ˣŷЩš
䡣
ٴγ֣񱩣һɨ
ٹﾪУܵһɻԵвҪߣѾˣŷΧĿռ䣬š
ٹȣһ˲䱻ɱŷüͷȴȻƾЩԸ㲻Ĵ󶯾
Ҫֻ֪һ𣬻û칤ǸŮأп϶иļһ
Ԣ߹ȥɽװĹͻȻǰӢˣֻЩ壬ûκһ
֮ԱΪҲ˼룬ȴͬľżһ㣬ŷһֹĸо
˲ˣϽ뿪һֻڣɫھŷ硣
뿪ɱ⡣һֻҲڣҲɫֻǹŷȴоǱʲôݵһ
ŷû˵ǿ󣬲ɲʲôв
һ˳ȥֱӽֻ飬Ȼ߽˹ԢС
һƬڣȴӰ첻ŷΪ־磬ѾӺҹͬ磬κ谭
ž˰죬ȴûһֻŷ籾ܵľ쵽Щԡ˼ӣŷȻ֣ԼʮӣȻûߵԢľͷԢǺܴ󣬵ǾԲز
ǽŷ뵽һ׳ƵĹǽֻǶЩ־̫ᶨЧû뵽ԼȻˡ
¶һĨЦŷֱһĳԢڲȻ󷢳һľ죬һƬ档
ŷǰָǴһĨЦ
ܣûһĴڣŷȴܹܵЩϢǱΧûȥ
ԭνĹȣҲͲˣǲǲǣһĽҳŷЦͻȻһطһƣǴ汬飬ҽУһЩ
ŷ̬У֣һ档Ǹطըйɻҡ
ŷжЩȣߣҲҪɱǡ
ܵŷɱ⣬ЩףһζĶأûκôһеڵϻΡι״еֻаӣѪģеͷ­飬ѪȾԭòеȱ첲ȣģҡ
ЩȼһƬռУǧùŷ綼һ£мϢǿɢ֮
ڶˣʡһȥˡŷ˵վȺУɢһ֮һ¯ޱȣ΢һĹȣ¶ܵɫ
࣬˶ǰҪһȿԴ󷢣ŷ˹
ŷһָǸըһյĵطΧļֻŷɻ
ǲɱˣҺαɱǣŷ練ʡ
ûһöǶҪһȺŭ𣬶˳˷ŭùŷ粻⣬֪ЩԹ죬Ƕ˺޵زģȴټ
ˣǰҲˡŷЦ˵
һ˵һ֣ɱЩȡЩǶ׶Ȼֻг𣬲ܹǲٺˡ


392 ټħ
Ⱥȷ񣬼ɱùŷ綼ܵһѹЩȺǿ󣬱ȸղЩǿ˺ܶ࣬ʹŷɱЩѡ
ҶȫΪҪʵŷףƾЧɱЩȣķѹޣԲһ顣
һﶯҲûվһԹۣȻڵķصһ̣ŻĹ
ûкöΪ࣬ǵĳ衣һȴӦŷĻһ̣ͱŷɱɻҡ
ŷЩ𾪵ķ֣ЩȶǱϴһˣԼǰݣΪһֳ衣
̬̫ԣȣҪˣ˭Щ̬Ĺȼһģ
ŷһ֣߳һ⣬һǧȱɱҲصĴϢһֻǹŷУȴһĨЦԼķѵزǼȲ޶˰ɣ
ϣȷһĴУȻ˹
ŷҲˣӭȥֻҪɱ⼸ͷһһͽˡ
ͻȻŷеĴһ˿õĸоɫ΢΢һ䣬ԶȥǿĹȴȻڿС
ֲڹŷϣ̲סһѪ˳
ŷˣ˵Ĳᣬ⼸ֻٶ̫ˣԱϵһھǿߣ֮£Ҳ
žžžܾʡһŵ㳰Ū𣬹ŷ粻ԶͻȻһӣڷ٣ɫЩ԰ףֻһ˫ȴ̺Թ֮޺޵Ķڹŷϡ
˵ŷ̲סħ
ңû뵽ɣŶ೤ʱ䣬û뵽ּˡǸǻħ׼ȷ˵ӦóƺΪˣ˵ֻǻħ
ɭɭĿⶢڹŷϣɱ
һµľ֣ŷɫһЩѵվʵ
Ҫúлл㣬㣬һ治֪ԭˣҿȥŪŮˣʹĲҽУȴ֪ʲô飬ҪллˡħЩ̬Ц
ҪôлңŷЦ
ܹܵħǿû뵽Է˲ʱ䣬Ȼͳ򣬴ﵽ磬ΪȦס
ܼ򵥣ɱ㣬Ȼ꣬ڤ꣬ãܡħ˵ϴһĨЦݡ
óԶˣŷЦ˵һĨ
ħЦΪ𣬶Ϊȣռƣɱңȴɱ㡣
ɱ㣿ŷЦˣһҲ̫Դһ˰ɡ
ԣɱ㣬Ժ󻹻ɱ˹ΣҪǹżҵˣȫܵڤãܡħɢųԹ˶Թŷ縸ӵĺ⡣
һ˵ǰڹżҵУ󻹱ŷɱħȻܺޣ޲ɱżҵˡ
ŷޱ飬⣬΢΢ҡͷϧûˡ
˵仰ŷ綯ˡ̫ͼֱӸȥתҪħ顣
СħЦһźɢȻԶ壬˹ŷĹ
ŷɫ䣬ɫ쳣ء
ħȻöԸǹȣһֶθ˺ϣ쳣Ѳ
ŷһιħǵ⣺ʲôֶΣʹķڷ
ŷû˵һѪֱ֣оɱѪ͸ֱɱꡣ
ħɫһ䣬ҵ֣һ񣬳Ѫ
䡣
һ죬ħ˳ֻɫȴܲÿŷǿ󳬳ϣһһ˵
ħɫ˸̹⣬Ƕǵ۾ɭȻ˵һСˣͲôˣҪ
һʱƬ綼ǺڵסŷߡһֻͻȻӹŷ˳ֱӴıϡ
ŷ˳ȥԶѪһûԤϵʹ׼Ҳˡ
Ҳ˹ŷԣɢһɱŷ糤Хһ˷𶯣Χ磬һ˲ֹͣˣڹŷĲԶسֻħΡ
ŷֱӳ˹ȥȵһһ磬һҶһᣬշ
һɫĹνħסСħɫȴûһôͳ岻ȥ
ŷս£շܹԿסħ
ȥɡŷЦ


393 ͷʦȦ
Ҳһɡħһɫ
ŷһħԱˣֱֲӷշȻŷϣڿѪ˺ɳȥ䲻Զڲ
⻹ǹŷ㹻ǿŶס˻ħԱһǿߵԱԽһǿ߷Ρ
ԵվѪ𶯣޸ڵ˺ŷܾûô򵥡ħ󣬾Ȼôʱڳе㲻Ծٲһ֮ؾܹ͵ġ
ϾôҲûмлħôֲ
ŷɫأһ˫ɨܣȴûзеˣĸӦһ飬ȷʵûκ˴ڡ
ֻǹŷȴһֱӵĸоȴ֪ңԶ󣬼˫۾ڶһ棬еǹŷ硣
ʵȻҸǿĹɱɭɭȫʧ
ŷȥý磬ĳϽŷһ˵ʱ𾪵Ŵ͡
ǰɣѵйʣôôص˺ŵ˵
ŷ紭һƵ˵Ҳ֪һʲô𣬵ǸղǸһΪĲΣԱ֮£Ҳһˡ
εΪǹʣ찡ҳȻɱһʣ̫ˡһ˷ܵı飬ϲǹɱһ
ɱĺòãŷһҲûİɣֱͶɹ
ħʦй涨ֻҪһħʦ߹ߺԴɱֵģħʦĹͣ˵ɱ˹ʣһûСһı˵ŷ統ˡ
ŷȻ˼ʱɫЩڣ뷢Ǿ˹ôʱ䣬ԵЩ䣬ȴһţߵŷߣĵʵϹû°ɣ
ŷЦЦģûµģЩѾϹˣԺ󲻻йֺˡ
Ů˲ſľǵͶŴˣһԢȫ˷棬һдСһĿӶŵڵһ
һĻýֺͷ룬֪ղŵսжΣգж༤ҡ
ղйʣɫء
Ϊڶ氡ֵǣǲǺףǸʣڲǰձɱҲµʱ䣬ͳΪ˹ˡŷ罫е˳
һ𣬾ܣ֮䣬УʱǧϹһħʦĶ֣µʱ䣬ֻǰǿҲôΪʡ
ҼˣһʣҸã϶бԭ򡣡ŷоһ
ֻһطܹһ㣬ŷ磬ǲǹͷʦɫԵúࡣ
ŷͷûзϣΪ信飬뽵ͷʦĳޣĿɲС
ǾͶˣܵһֶеϢͷʦʩչֶΣǸΪ˹ʣĿӦþΪ˶Ը㡣ܿ϶˵
Ϊʲôô˵ŷ粻Ϊʲô˵ô϶
ǽǾֳˣһͷʦײ鵽ģİȻǸʽɱǻǴʵԲûгɹͷͷǵŷ磬ò˵ĺе
ңһ֤ݡһЦ浱УһȻҳһɫͷǡ
ɫͷǣͷʦ漫ܹĶͷǵɫǺɫģͨͷûκ𣬵ȴһλճһӤͷ­ģаܹǸڼڣô϶ɫͷйϵ˽͡
ֽɫͷӵ˾ȵ񣬳ʼ˵ǸͷǵѾȫʧѾûˣҲûá
ĽͣȻˡֻǶڽͷʦа񣬻Щľɱ˲գۣŷܹ˵óһĺԼ
ΣŷǱͷʦסˣҪ£ֻһһ⡣
ʲôŷ羫һѯʳ
ڹ֮⣬ɱͷʦ֣ͿԸˡ˵ӣǾãڽŷɱˣһһ
⡣ŷҲЦˣڹ֮⣬ڵѾ㹻ˡ


394 ˫
ڳŷĸоЩˣֵӣȴǿƣȻһ뷨
Ҫģɱȥǽ׺евͷʦҪɱ㣬϶ֻһãҲбֶΡһת
Ǿ鷳רˣ׺жǰȫڽͷʦ٣ҿҵŷЦ˵ֻ˶ܹоЦЩ䡣
ͷûоܾ
ץ˵һ£˹ŷİܹ׺еĶȫ𣬶ڳ˵һֵø˵顣
˷ֿŷǻصϴɾӣֱ˱档һ߰ŷ֪˭ˣȻȸѾͷר˯ķе
ŷٺһЦȸѹ¡
ֻڹŷȸһ˲䣬ȸһʧ˵ˡȫΪһ壬ܹܵŷ״ܵ˺ص˺
ɱһʣ൱𾳽ǿߣԱʱˡŷ翪˵ɣȸǵġ
ʣȸ
ӦͷʦֶΣ㶼²Ǹ˭ŷһĨЦ
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397 
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398 ԯϢ
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ǰĹŷ磬һ𲻿սʤսҪǰһе˻촷ۡ

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ôܣ㲻ȴ˲νĽţ϶ʲôвˡŷȻϣһʼͲΪԯˡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ˵˵ͷЩ̾˵еףΪʲôϲˣȷʵǽűȵģΪҪЮͷ
ʲôŷɫ䣬ǵصɱһضžˡ
˶϶΢΢Щ䣬ԾĿһ۹ŷ磬ԼСˡ


400 칬
ǿĳɾ͸ǲ˿ڣ̾
ŷûֻǵʵɫ䣬ɢűɱһվ
ҡҡͷ̾ϢʱǲţȰ㻹ǲҪĺáܳϿңһûС
һӣǿߣ̫ǿˣǸطһްԣӵһ
֪һҪ֪ģ֪ҵԸ񣬼ȻͿ϶㵽ҵľҰɡŷ翪ڣɫƽֻһ⣬ȼգ쳣ȡ
˿ЦһݵϴһĨ̾˵ĲҿԸ㣬Ҫ֤Բܳ嶯컹Ҫȥء
ŷ粻ÿɷֻҪ֪ص㣬ôȫ˼
Ҳ׹ŷ粻콾ԼĽе飬ȫԼıģΪı䡣
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ŷüͷһ壬һҪ׷ȥ
ʱͻȻɳһĨڹ⣬ֱŷ˹ȥ
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ŷˣжǿȻҲܹµõвǿߣǿ߿ǿǿ϶ģʿ˭Ҳ֪ĳһ֣ɨ޵֡
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˵֮УֵΡرǳݴ磬ϧȻʱ䲻ԳƵֿˡ
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ӣŷ̲סЦ̾ǻͻȻãԼ˽ˣöĶҵΪӣͣؽ¶ǰ磬ǰĽȻͬ
ŷĸܣĹŷļЦ˵˴ɷôĸпİɣûеô򵥣Ȼ˵֮Ž飬϶֮㻹лᡣ
Ļŷ˼ԯ죬ҲûԼеô򵥣Ϊʲô磬ŷûп͸
Ҳǣôˣ֮Ҫٽţӳ˭ŷ絭˵
ܵŷϵɱ㱼䣬˽źΰĵõʬҰһħһӣЯɱ̤ƽ
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ɱһƬδ˭ңұɱ˭ŷЦˣ⣬콣նȥ
һ˲䣬رɫ·ӡ֤ŷĻһɱϢ
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401 
ʹ߱ɱˡһƬƴΰĵϣһϢ
ǰһƬ⣬ûһƬռ䣬Լܹ֮һӰµı棬Ŀڣǹŷ֣
Ǹ˺ǿ󣬱ƵʹԱΪǿֻھ硣·˿ڡ
֪ˣȥɡе˿ڣκ
ǡŵǸ˿ڣ뿪
ŷ磬е˼ҽڴԺı֣֮ϣ̤ţżҵѪӦܹ֤ҳɹ˰ɡе˴ЦƬڲ
һɽ壬һŮɽۣĿ⴩Խһοռ䣬·𿴴޾ĵ˽Ӱı֡
¶һĨмЦݣŮɫд޾ĳ
ûԶ֪Ǳжôľ޴֮һġ˵Լġ
еȴĵһĨмЦݡ
ѵõѧУһÿΣŷú棬Ϊ̨ϽεĲǱˣǽٻ˲ʱ񽻻㣬ٻɫ죬ȫ˿˿⡣
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˭ҪǲĲĪСҧгݵ˵ڹŷ磬Ȼ΢ʣкܶŮˣǹŷĻǺŵġ
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ν̣ȻǳͷԲعĵƣǳΪԼ飬ѾˣŷĵĻǾ˵ȥˡ
д󰲣Ц˵û⣬Ҳ֪СҲδĵã飬Ҳȥ˵ȥ
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ȵĴ۾תתЩɬŷʵɶʱҲҪһӰ
֪ߡĪСûİһۣۣ
ʱԣһθСµĸκòǾҪһŷ绵Ц˵һȵ°ͣȵýɫͨ졣
ŲҪأҸղǶģ㲻Ҫˡȶ㿪ͨ죬Ƥٺ񣬺͹ŷҲ˺ܶࡣ


402 ִĪ
Ӻܿ쿪˹ĳź顣
ܿɻֱӽȥˣһרֻˣȻĪСºͽȶ̲סһ
ǺǮרⶫ治Ūһô̵ʱڰţ¾ֻйҵˣܹˡ
绰Ǹ˵˭Ⱥʵ
ĪСҲһ棬ʲô˾Ȼô
𣿡ŷЦʵŶڱ˵ӦǺأǶǰѾͷ˵Ӧòİ
ȻĪСºͽȶʱ¶Ȼɫڳܰ쵽飬һ㶼⡣
ɻϣ˵Щ㶼ˣĪСЩ䣬Ǹ׵Ĳأ˵¶֣˵һϢ
ֱ·ɻʱ򣬹ŷ˵һ仰˶һ顣
С£ҪסҲصУһлܴ̼ǧҪţһҡŷĻ棬ĹģĪСµĶһڻˡ
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һĪСµסһլӣǰĴլţʷĲɣС
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ĪС¶һĨЦݣ˵˵ͷֱƿ˴š
սԺ棬ӭһ꣬ĪСµʱ̲סɫһ䣬Ȼתܡ
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ĻĪСͻȻһ˳ȥֱڽԵϡȾȵŴͣĪСʶǵһμĪС¶ִˡɴ˿ɼʱĪСǶô⡣

ԲҽһȴԱ߹˹
ҰְѾֲˣҪλүԣƽʱ㻹ͦģôʱ򷸺ͿˣҺɵ𣿡ĪСʡ
˵֪ԼһĪСʱ֪Īʵ顣
ЩţЩ֪ȴˡ·Ҳ
ı֣ĪСвõԤиǿˣ֪ŷ˵ˣȷʵǳ顣
ãαôΪһˣŻˡһһӲԶ˹ϴһĨαЦݣ˿һµĸо
꿴ȵһ̰˵ԭҲˣһĪңһҪú棬ҴȥһǴϵĴúɽ
ˣ¡ֱӾܾûһɫ
ĪԶҰְأĪСʵ
Ӵã㻹ĶأһΪѶأôʱ䣬Ҳڵȵû֪ˣֲˣŻе˰ɡĪԶ˵ȴû˵Īʵ
Ҫְ֪ĪС¶ĪԶ˵ҲˣĪԶ̫Ը׵䡣
ĪԶװû˽һۣЦ˵ԣˣϽȥ׼ͷˣΪǵĿ˽ӷϴ
ĪСµɫѿˣȻԷûиԼĴ㣬쳣ģԼĸˡ
뷢һֻס֣ĪС˹ȥŷ΢΢ҡҡͷʾҪ嶯
ǿѹסеĻĪС²˵ˡ
λֵ˭ĪԶʱǲſŷһۣһʵ
ҽгŷܵĻش
ĪԶǳһ£ʵʶлѷ
äǶ£ǳŷ˵ĪԶ̲סɫһ䡣


403 
ĪԶαһЦĪС˵ѻǲ
ֻ˿ĪС˵ĻĪԶɫúѿαЦݶЩҲסˡ
˵еˡĪԶЩ䡣
ĪСһЦûлشĿŷ磬һжˡ
˵ʵ㲻Ҫŷ˰֣һȰӡ
ĪԶһЦ˵ˣֻһ˫ȴЩ˵ϣһĨ⡣
Ӧ׼ˣòͰɡĪԶ˵вһ˿
ĪСЩɻ󣬼ĪԶô̵ˣ̬ȣ쳣ʹƣûз
΢΢ЦйŷĪС¸ĶԷˣʲôֶΡֻԼף֪
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ǶĪԶˣĪСͻȻһֿµĲ²⣬ʱɫ䡣
ŷ̲סһۣû˵ʲôأĪԶҪλĻ˶ɱˣһ˾ʲôãһºòá
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ڸô죿ĪСżʵĪԶһǿĪСԵЩš
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404 նɱϮ
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Ǹ鲻ͻȻðһ򵥣ղżǵ˱棬СԺеͷҳˡĪԶ̬ܱ΢ǰˣһıֱȴ޵ɢһа
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405 ȥ
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ĪԶһǴţֱӷСǳ״򿪵һ̣ûǵԴС
ĪԶ𾪣ЩٶǶߣǺˣڹŷǰȴĲһŷҪɱǣӦĻᶼûС
ηĿ˹ŷһۣĪԶֱӿ˽ȥ
һȺ˳˹ǳ⡣
˶֣һɱⶼѪħǿߣΪͶڶУǾԵĺ֡
ŷûһ̫ͼȴ֣סеĹȻ̫ͼ仯ȻĵѪն˳ȥ
Щ˴󾪣ҪѾˣѪնɱ촦
ηˣһϵ𣬴ӱһɰϢɢϵϢһҪĤݵĳ嶯
ŷɫ䣬˵󣬵ĴȴҪֲǰһˡ
һӰӱгѪУݣ֣һɿֲڹŷϣҪһ㡣
ĪС¶ܵɫܲסԷѹһ˹ȥ
ŷһͷųӿ񱩵ƣԷײһֱӽԷƶ˻ȥ

Է̾ȻڲԶһߣѪɫۣ֮һħѪƣ쳤Х״
ߺǿ󣬱ȹŷ֮ǰκҪǿƣżȻɢһǿߵϢȻҪǸˡ
һܿµĶ֣ŷ粻ҵ˳ߣȴƽûһ˿
Ѫħ󻤷ѷǺˣ߿ڣԼݣܹоŷܿ£һСѷսΪһСģܻܿ
Ҫǿˣ޵δȻԸʱ
Ժҹ١ŷ絭˵ȴÃѷ̲סһ
ѷ¶صɫüͷ˵׺й٣ѪħûʲôԹɣ
ŷͷ
ΪҪ£ң׺й٣һӣϲ壬򱧲ƽѷЩ̵˵
ŷӣЦ˵ⶼ㿴ˣ
ѷ
˲䷴Ӧŷˣ档ѷһЦҪôɣ׺й٣Ѫħȴ㣬ŷܹԼλá
ѷǿƣʸѪħµ͵ȴǿ󣬲ħħľͷһڣ޾κˡ
ʹŷպҲһѪħСȻ˵˵ǿ󣬺˵ʲôĵ̣Ժɨһе֡
ŷɶҲû˵ֱѷһָϴһĨаЦҰԼڵĺֻȺ쵰ûпԼλãΪ˭أ


406 ǿƵ
ѷɫһ䣬ŭŷ磬ˡ
ˣСڶţ㾹Ȼ۸ļˣģŷɫͻȻ䣬ɭȻ˵һӴɱڃѷϣÃѷɫ
ܵŷɱ⣬󱲣ȻնɱÃѷŭԼˡŷȻնɱսǃѷһҪǿߵˣǿϿԺɨ¡
ɱңС˲Ҫ̫ѷЦţһ̵ŷӡ
׳ա
ŷĿ³֣ڃѷŭУˡ
һѪֱ֣ӳ˹ȥ˷ڣѪޱߣŻԵѷû
䡣
ѷ֣ӲѪ˳ȴûм֣һߣŹŷ磬һɱ⡣
̫֡ѷŭ𣬸ղһν֣ܵŷĿ£
ҾǹˣΣŷƲƲ˵̬ȺǿƣսΪ㹻ĵƣսʤ
ѷɫվû˵
߰ɣĪҵˣһˡѷ˵ɫָƽȻѡ˲
ĪԶǼԼˣǰһ޽ӽǿߣȻһûС
ŷȴû¶κɫ˵ãԴϲȥˡ
ѷһƣȥ
һʮ˱˳ǿվڹŷߵĪСµʱ򣬶ʱ¶ŵɫ
һ˴С£ϽߣѪħˣĪҲ⡣
˾ǹĪʵֻǴʱȴЩǱټϵԼŮʧȥյĴݡ
֣İɣģǿ뿪ˡĪС¼˵Īʵ˹ȥ
Īʵɫɲ˹ŷһۣһ⣬ǹŷ磿
ĪȻΪһӾͲ³ҵˣֻҲ׵ǣô⵽ģѪħȺȻǿ󣬵ҪĪңҲסŷʵ
¶һĨЦĪʵĪԶһۣҡҡͷ˵һ㣬̫ظ飬һ㺦ļ帲𣬳Ϊ˱˵Ŀܡ
ŷʱˣĪʵȻųƹҲģ̫ˣٻǣԲŻֺȻǻۺѪħҪĪңǶǿֱҪ£ԵĲܡ
˭û㣬ѪħȺ̫ˣĪ㣬ԲһٳɹĪ岻Ҫ𡣡ŷЦŰο
һһңѪħ˷ŭѷɫ࣬ŭŹŷ磬ŷ磬ˣҪ˱˻ԣϽ뿪
˭˵Ҫ뿪ˣŷɴ۾һȵɫ
ѷɫһŭ㻹ô
⼸ҿˣ뿪ɡŷ翴һΧ⼸ȷʵʺϾס
ҪЩһ˼
ѷ˲˹ŷ˼ҪԼϣ׼Ѫħפ뵽ѷĿɭȻ˵ŷ磬㲻Լ̫ܵ𣿡
ɢһɱɱֳžûи˵һλɱ⣬˵
ŷЦɫмһս˸㣬ղŲҵȫʵѵˣһħ
˻һѷɫ䡣һֱһ⣬ŷղʵײһûʹħѻĵһж󣬃ѷ붼롣
ȴ֪Թŷʵħܵļ̫ˡ
뵽ѷ˵ŷ磬ΪԼڵġ
ҴڣرǶԸΪĻ쵰ŷЦе˵Ãѷŭ졣
ҵҲ˵仰Ѿˣŷ磬Ჽǵĺ󳾵ġѷŭɨһԼ£˵ߡ
תҪ뿪ѪħˣҲڃѷҪ뿪
󻤷ˣ⣬ûκô
һ¡ŷͻȻڣʣоԣģܹҵģֻһ
ѷվסɫ
ŷȴɫɫܲõʵ˵ңǲļ壿
ǿҪ군ˣŷ磬ĽҲǺһġѷЦ˵дһĨɭȻɱ
ŷĬ̧ͷĿɨѷһˣ³һ仰һߡ
˻һ˵ɫˡ


407 ѷ
ѷɭȻתͷŷѾƵ˼ޣˣɢǵصϢŷѹ
ŷɫĮ⻪һתħУǿˣѪƣɷ죬һ֣Լ·ħĿ޺ĵ㺮
ٻħŷֱһ˳ȥ
ѷɫܵһ޷ֵƣϽ㿪ʮס£ûôõѪɫϣȫڷ
ǿֲһɱѪħиֻ֣ЃѷӦ죬Ŷ˹ȥ
ܵħɫ࣬һֲõԤС
ӦҲҪŷ˹ȥֻЃѷһˣԷſԷս
ҼȻѪħǽ˳𣬹ŷȻӣҪҼḺһҪǿߵǱնɱˣڵѪħ˵һ޴ʧϾǿ߲ڣֿҪ̤ǿе𣬾սˡ
ѷһûˣһѪ֣жһͬһ㣬ֱȡŷ硣
ơ
ŷħɨɣÃѷ޹ٺˣӭӹŷĹ
ֻء
ƬʵĹγ֣ʵɢһֹӲãϢЯžɱǰѹȥѷٶܣֻصǸطǸطһӣĲס
ɫ䣬ͻȻתߡ
ʱĹŷ̫ǿˣԶǿߣǶ֡

ŷħ£һѪɫâ֣ϰɣһ񷶼ˡ
ѣ𾪣ǿ߲飬ȻڹŷʵˣȻǽħǴʱĹŷ磬ȴԼǿߵʵ
ѷ¶ֵɫת˫ӡһѪħӰϳޱȸߴҪһһ㡣
ѪħӰ쳤Хĵһָ޴ָ뵶âײһѪħӰ飬ѷڿѪܵش
ֵĿһ۹ŷ磬ѷһѪԶȥ
ٶ̫ˣʹŷ磬ûл׷ȥˣֻŃѷ뿪
쵰ˡŷ粻ˬ˵һ𣬶ҿ첽ǿˣˣ̫ϧˡ
Ͼעǵˣɱһˣڴ˶ֵ
漴ŷЦˣеħɫ̲סЩ˷ܡڵսħ֣Ǵ򲻹ǿߣҲܿ⣬ĵٵߣںˡ
ӽҰ޽ɡŷ糤ХйеĿ⡣
һֱжѹ֣ȻԼ޵УǱϾûгɳǿɱ͵סˡ
ڲһˣʵָ߶ȣܿǿߣȻȻսҲѾ㹻ĵ
Ī𺳣ǰ̫ǿˣħһһ𣬳ǵ󡣾Īҵĵ̣ҲһѣԶԶǃѷĶ֡
عĪң϶ЦݣһˣǾĪԶһС棬
ĪԶ֪ԼˡλĻҲĪʵŹڵȴģ壬ԭ£Ҳԭ¡
ŷǲɱǲе˻
ЩĪԶ¶һĨԳЦݡͻȻһѪȻĪԶڵϡ
۾ɵôģͷȻǣ˭ҧԾˡ
ĪԶˣΣûлȥɡ
ĪС֪Ϣ̲֮סɫһףΣĪԶҲǵˣ֡
ĪʵԵЩĬǱˡ
ĪңպܳƣŷЩڣڳȥɢɢģ뿪Īҡ
ߵϵĽֵϣˮ㣬쳣;ǵĴֿ񷱻ȣһݾ£쳣

һŷЩϤĿת˹ȥԷȻˡ
粺һīһװǰţһȺ׷ɷ
ŷϤһʱ򣬾һĻԼıڣ粺ȺˣϴһɷȻࡣ
ŷ籾ܣ粺ûкøС
粺ȴֱ˹ŷüͷһ壬ͻȻֽ粺
ˣˣһŮӣôҲܵùһȺˣЪŰɡŷ絭˵
粺ɫţԼЩŷʱһ̧ͷһϤף粺쾪ȵغ㡣


408 粺
粺һñӣһ޴īһ˸ϲǴ粺졣
Ҫæ𣿡ŷЦʵ
ʱȺѾ˹Χס
С㣬㻹Ǹǻȥɣǲӳϰĵġһ˿ڣͷģһǿƵ̬
ܣҾҲóѵġ粺ҧ˵
ΧˣһĻϽԶԶ㿪Զ
ڹŷ磬Ⱥ˻ˡԼıӣƵķһۣôûдڸ
ҲӲϰģϰҪˣˣҲҪΪˡǸɭɭ˵粺ɫ䡣
£˻Ҫ裬̫ˡ
̲סһ䣬Ѿˡ
ŷҲˣղŶѾ粺ҪæԷȻֱĻҪײǽĳ嶯
Ǹÿùҡŷ粻ˬ˵㲻粺ˣ˭Ů˾Ȼ
ߣˡǸͷ쿪ڣдһĨ⡣
ŷӣʵô
ôҴȡͷкһ
Цݺᣬ粺ɫ䣬û뵽Щ˾Ȼ޷죬ŷûйϵȻҲ˽
뵽粺Ͻ˵ҪҪҪ꼰޹
޹ֻҪ粺СԱֵ߳ˣ޹ϰݲɳӣԾԹðɡͷЦ쳣ᡣ
߲ˡŷƵ˵
ǿԡ
ԷĻŷЦˣźͷ죬˵ʵ仰Ҳġ
׳աͷЦ
ŷһߣò֣ƽʱ͸˵ģڱô˵ĵһΡ
ŷת粺һۣ˵סǷһ顣
粺컹ûзӦʱ򣬹ŷ㶯ˡֱӳ˵ͷ죬ȻһȭڶԷϡ
Ǹ˿Զûпһֱӷ˳ȥ˹ȥ
˴󾪣ŷȥҪΧŷ硣ֻǻûг嶯ŷǰоСһʹ˷˳ȥȻڵϣûһ
屻ҷˣԺҲܴˡŷ絭˵Щɫ䡣
屻ˣʲô˼ѵζԺ󣬾ҪһֱһûУһһ
뵽˶ұ䡣
߰ɡŷ翴һĿɿڴ粺죬˵
ȥ粺еɵɵʵŷг𾪣ʮˣһ˲ͱ򵹣Ҳ̫һ˰ɡ
ŷ̲סһۣû˵ȻȥԷˣ㲻ôٰɣҰһæѵлһҳһٷְɡһߵӣ粺̲סЦ˳
ҴûĵĹ٣Ȼһ˿ɰˣУȥԴ͡粺ЦղŵĽţȻ޴棬ȡ֮һɡ
ڹŷߣһѵõİȫУã˶ܹס
һΪϹǸöðԺһͷ粺̲סɫͨ죬ԼҪ˼ʲôء
ŷ֪粺˼粺죬Щ˵㲻˰ɣôɫô죿
Ȼ粺һֻ֣ŷ棬üͷ΢΢壬ܽ˸ղΪ٣ûбĲĵط
ȿȣ㻹ҽأ粺ɫˣǻһۣ˻תƻ⡣
ǵȻ洫ҽΰٲŷظ˵
粺̲סЦ˳Ц˵ôеƨҩġ
ŷɫһڣżҵƤҩŮҲ˵֪£ŷҲúƽϡ
뿪Χ۵ȺҲɢˡһûзֻǵϵɵһغˣȴʱ·˵򣬺Ŀһۡ
ͷתѣǰһĻʱ׷ʲô飬һ䣬ֱóһ绰ͨһ롣
ϰ壬ʧˣһ겻֪ʲôͷ粺Сˡ˵һ΢ӡ
ңҲҪҵǸŮˡǱߴһŭ
ͷϽ˵õģϰģֻҪû뿪ϣӲǵġ
ҿǽ
绰ǱߣһʮӽֻҵɫÿŵһЦ˵Բ𣬷٣һ۵ļһ粺ˣģǾܲˡ
ͺãҵǣȲҪݾߣҵҪ˭ҺŮˡٵ˵


409 Ļ˭Ҳ
粺νĴͣһͨķУҪһ䣬ȻĲһùŷ
ôҲһǣòôٰɣŷƵ˵
ҪʡҲӦ˷ǲǣ粺Ц˵һ̣ϾȻһʥϢùŷ̲ס࿴ۡ
ʲô𣿡粺´ԼһûоʲôԵĵط
ŷҡҡͷӦȥƣ϶ܶĤ㡣
˵װģ粺ŷ˼̲סһЦȴû˼
ѵ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ûлشĻ粺ɫЩ̾ϢƵ˵һ¶ûиĸҲûˣСڹ¶Ժ󣬺㣬ȦʵǰûеһգܹôС
ɫƽ廳Źȥȴûһʹ࣬¶һĨ͵Ц⡣
㸻ˣǺܺ𣿡ŷЦ˵
粺ͷǳЦ˵Ǻܺãǻкܶ˲ãҪеľȥЩõǣǲܵƶвܹҸ
¶һĨÿһ仰ģûһ
ŷĬˣſڣһˡ
粺ҡҡͷֻӦ顣
Էɣ˾ͲóˡŷЦ˵תƻ⣬ϲֻϼȥЩƣɢĵĳ౳롣
粺ͷûм˵ȥ
Ĳһ˵Ѿܷʢˡ֪˵ĵλ϶̲סгһǵֿȵĴǣһǰ׺еİһǵĵλ䡣
粺͵͵˹ŷһۣв֪ΪЩʧ䣬꣬ҲֻǶ̶̵һ˲ɣһֿ֮ҲûĻᡣ
粺ףԼ͹ŷȫˣŷ¼ʱףһĶĴڣԼܹ󼰵ġ
㲻ǰ˰ɣŷͻȻһ䣬粺һ
ɫ̲סһ죬Ͻ˹ŷһۣŻᰮأ㲻Ҫ˵
ŷȴһɣĴ粺죬ŷһûаãȻĻһܾģ㳤ôȴôãҲ˺㡣
粺ɴ۾ó⻹һֻ
Ҫȣ׺еĸУҵţԼô粺һŵı飬ŷ쳣˵
׺иУ֣Ȼ粺гһһüĿ죬ǻ߳һֱϵӣ˼粺𾪹ٻȴû뵽Ȼǹŷš
̫˼ˡ粺̾
ôˣѵһ䲻𣿡ŷЩˬʲô˼顣
粺һЦû˵ùŷЩջĬ뷢ȴͻȻ߿ˣһȺ˳˽Χס
ãǡ粺쾪еɫЩš
ŷȴ⣬һ粺ļЦеһˣһŵûС
ҵ֪ʲôˣҺŮˡһùŷЦˡ
Ҳ֪ôһԶûУǵҵͷˡŷЦ˵Ӱո䣬ŷĻ֮һӰֱסˡ
Ǽһı飬Ȼûиղŵֲһš
㣿꾪徹ȻڲΪ־ȻӦ
ߵǸʮˣҲ쵽ԣһͻԼλֵˣԲһˣɫͻȻһ䣬Ц˼ߴˡ
꣬Ҫ뿪
ҲӦתҪߡ
Ҹ˵ҪǸ̤벽ŷ絭˵
ûֹסŲĽŲֹסˡżĿһ꣬С٣ߣʲô
ٵЦһ˵Ļ˭Ҳ߳벽ҲȲǡ
Ļ˳һֹס˽ŲǱô˵϶᲻£ǷٵĻȴҲ
˭Щľսʵ
ʱںˣĹŷ磬˺ڵ˼㡣֪ԷĵϸŸϹӿҪд鷳ˡ
׺й١ٿЦ˵һɫ֪ŷ磬ϡ
ʲôסˣ׺й٣պգɱ·ǿߣѪ£ֵ𶼱ˣǱնɱһˣڶսˡ
ԼˣȻǾǰ׺й٣뵽˵һ


410 һ㰮
粺һ𾪵ĿһĻʶ˰׺йٵƣֻһ֣ϥˣǸͷ꣬ɫ
ǰ׺йо̾ŷгʡ
ԹŮӢۣ粺ȻҲһϲ־һܹƿһУΪƸΪ꣬İµǿߡ
ߵĹŷ磬һˣ١
û뵽ҵֻеãڣټˣûбҪôŰɣ㿴Ҷ̹ȻŷЦ˵
ٵ겻ǱˣǷڡһɢģ֣֣Уͷһϵһλᣬúõİͽһ·ڣȴû뵽ǵ˹ŷˡ
ڵϣһ˳
ȻаɫÿȻҲ¹ŷɱΪһڻһЩģ֣һǰ㲻
ôڳʵôһʱ䣬ͻָ侲һ˫ڹŷϣһĨȻ
֪Լк³ڵ̹Ȼˡ
ôֻ˴ţҵսڹڣҪˣȻĻ̤ƽҡŷĵ˵
ڼΪԼˣŷ˼ǷŹԼԼؼұšϹŷķ񣬶ղŵĻҲ÷Щףʲôĵ˲ڹڣѵ˳ͻ
뵽ڵһ⡣
ŷ罫ı۵ף˵֪ʲô㣬ҵĵˣǽ͢ѪǾܹ֣Խļȥ
ʲôɫ̲סһ䡣͢Ѫڶĵ֮һǷôˣ²ùŷ֣ǵĶͷͻҵҸˡ
ˣϽɣȻĻҲұ֤һһ᲻̲סɱ㡣ŷЩ䡣
ںԥתߡ
֣йڵϣһĻһ˳ŬվҲ뿪ŷȴͻȻһָֻ֣оԴһ˱ʧȥ˼
Լϰ£Щɫ䣬ȴûиҶ֡ϰ嶼ֻ¹ˣǵﲻ
ȥɣһһѲˣԶֻܵһֲˡŷ˵Щһ飬ôԶһָһ˱һֲˣʲôͨ
ǲҶ̧֣о뿪
һзĺܿ죬һȺĳ˽ӣֻ뿪ͬɥ֮Ȯ˿Ŀɿڴ
ŷһ֣űϣЩ㶵粺˵ôţưɡ
ͦģҶеϲˡ粺Ц
ŷɫһԵЩŵ˵̫ˣҲĽܵġ
İɣһܵģ̫ˣˣûа취ı䣬һŬ㰮ҵġ粺Цһֻ͵ǹСӣùŷɫĺ
ȿȣǸ뵽ˣһе£ˣݰݡŷվ߰˵һԼûףŶӡ
粺ɰСӣȭͷ˵ߣСӲĵġ
ԸᣬǶ԰鷽棬ȴǳиԡôȦûһŴȥΪϲڼȻһԼĶˣԼеİһϣȻŹ
ŮˣҲνˣҪŮˣأһ㰮ҡ粺аġ
Ѿһ⳵Ĺŷ磬ͻȻһ磬һֲõԤУǸġ󡱵ŮˣĿԼ˰ɣ뵽̲סͷۡ
ŷصĪңһжѾ糣ˣֳƵɢǰ˾磬дŷ硣
һͳԵĺܾˣŷãھƵģҲ߲ܣ˶ſˡ
ֻŮ͹ŷûкĪСЩֵĵ˹ŷһָۣӶˣʰо֡
һŪ֮󣬹ŷĪС˻صСԺ档
ҾҪˡŷͻȻڡ
֪кܶ飬Ҳ㣬ֻϣܹأһԼİȫΪĪСŹŷ磬ѵôһĨ顣
һε飬ԹŷĹ۵㳹׸ı䡣ڹؼʱ̣ˣһҡ
ûйŷ磬ĪС²֪Լôǿ֪ĪҰ³̫á
Ѫħ̫ǿˣ˹ŷ磬֮Уûܹסǡ
סŷ縩ĪСµĶͷһǣĪСûоֻܾգȴѾ͸ˡ
ЩˣԼˣŷֻĪС£ĸܡ
һ̣ŷתͷڽȵӣһ£˵ҵСŮˣҪԴףϹǵϲһġ
ſ


411 żҵ
ڶ죬ŷ˯ʱ򣬱˺ˡ
٣ȥһ깧˵ĪСµһõܣѪԽԶĪԡ
ʲô飿ŷʵıʵ̫ůˣ𴲡
û˵ֻ֪ͨ٣ҪȥһΡĪԹ˵һ㶼Ϊŷ̬ȶ
УĪһ͹ȥŷһĪȥػ
Ī뿪ùŷҲˣϴϣֱҵĪʵסԺӡ
Īʲô𣿡ŷֵ˵һǷһû˯õӡ
ĪʵЦЦ˵˯ûðɣ
ŵĴǲһ˯ŶȼĴŷں
ĪʵȻʧЦҡҡͷָָһƤֽЦ˵ǹżҵĶûȥɡ
ʲôŷɻƤֽȻ򿪣ȴûκζ
˵ǹżһЩ޴ҲĪʵҡͷ
żҵŷ羪ɫЩ죬ӳУżҴûνķԪ֮⣬еһУˡ
̫ǹŷʩչֻأ޷ֶΣûһǹżԭӵеġ
ֻķû
ңǹżǿҲӦĪҵУû˵йʲôϵ
Ҹ״ҵģоɣżҵȣһƤֽݴĪңֻǺżҾһ޴Ľѣ˼˴飬ҲıȴˣĪҸǲţһƤֽˣȵպżҵȡĪʵͣ˵ϣ˵Ƥֽ֪Ѿ˶ˡ
ŷԼǵù˵żһУУιżңһ㽫żҸ
ǲżңؼʱ֣ÿżʢ֮Ǿͻٴν٣ʩչ֡
ŷ˵ͷûѯʣϸһƤֽô涼ǿһ
ŷһƤֽУһùŷ羪ȵǣƤֽ˿
е֡ŷ£Ӵ룬ֱʮƤֽȻһ𺦶ûС
һĻùŷɴ۾Ҫ֪ڵʵʮһһСɽͷҪɻˣȴκβһƤֽҲ̫а˰ɡ
ĪʵҲɴ۾Ȼû뵽һƤֽȻ˼͡
򵥣лĪˣԺоɣھ͸ˡŷ罫ƤֽУȻĪʵ
ҪȥңĪʵüͷ΢΢һ塣
ŷһߣ͵ڳѪħˣڹŷ˵ⲻһ顣ϾѪħ̫ǿˣΪħǿ֮һ˵Ѿʲô
ҺоɣȻ֪ΣѣȻӲѪħǲʶȤĻҲɱ䡣ŷкһ
УҪСģҲ㣬Ī󣬵ЩȻȣȴʲô㲻ϣҲﲻʲôĪʵЦ˵
գƿ£ǴʱȴһСϾŷҪĲ棬ѾΧ޷漰
ŷ˵ͷЦ˵ģһȺ߹ҴûнǷϣǿ߲˼䣬޵С
ŷŸȾĪʵЦǾͺãڴɨǿߵһ죬ʱ£Ϊ
һһġŷ絭˵󣬵ȴ쳣ᶨһһ٣š
Ϸɻŷ粢û̸ңȻص˰׺С
ֵʱ򣬹ŷڰ֮󣬲һ
Ϲʲôʱģǿŷ磬̲סһϲϽʵһĵӡ
һᣬȸҲܵŷϢ˹
ϹĪҵˣЦʵе飬Լ;ȥ˽⣬ŷһ뿪֪˷ʲô顣
˵ͷŷЦ˵ǽˣһҪ뿪
ôˣŮЩɻ󣬹ŷŻȻҪߣʲôôļ
ļˣǲ֪ôѪħϣƲáŷ򵥵Ľһ飬ȸ̲סһ
Ѫħʵ˽⣬ܹġ
֪ˣ϶ѪħҪҶϵģҵƢܷϹһȥһһһսһ˿ܻӦȸɫص˵
ŷԴᶨҡҡͷڵУҵŮˣգҿԽʵĴڼ
ǡȸ硣
ûʲôǵģҵġŷԵ˵ȸ̲סһţŷǼᶨɫҲ硣
ˣʱùԹԵ


412 ̳
Ůһ棬ŷ뿪ˡ׺еһȥŷһˡ
¡ŷ絭˵
бһϣӶǰˣ۾һĨ衣
ŷ磬һҪʥӵġºƽһ˫ɫӣǴһ䣬ס
ûнţҲûκǢա
ŷصһָ΢΢һɫ¶һĨȡ
ʵˣƾסҡ˵Ȼо˹ŷǿ󣬵ȴûзϡ
ǿߣǾǿ֣ųƽ͢ڶǿߣžԵźʵսһеˡ
֪˭ֻЩŷЩ˵
Ŀ˹ŷһۣû˵Թŷ˲ٵ˽⣬ȻǴ󻰵ˣôȻ϶ʲôƣԿ
תȥ˵ʥӣ͢Զѣһ˵ûκκ
ҲӦŷشĺܹϣһԥûС
Ϊʲô
ҵĺӣԼ̣ǹƨ͢ûʲôϵʲôѣҴûںѣǲĲǡŷ粻˵
ڽ͢ŷ޸Уڸ񡣶Էĺӣ˵ڽ̵͢ʵϴԣŷȻ鷢
оŻƲԳԷƣŷΪ͢ûа취µɫ΢΢ЩתⶢڹŷϣһĨɭɱ
͢ǶԹŷûа취Ƕǳûа취뿪ս𣿡һЦ𣬳֪ʲôʱˣ߸һˣɴ棬ݡǵŷ翴Ǹ˵ĵһۣоëը̲ס
ҲһķӦ˺üɫ粻ų˵ڶң
һֱо˼ԼȴҲʱߵ˳֣²Լĸоûд
£ԽˣΪĵǿ߶ȥǾܹҫˣĵˮжԶס˵µĿ⣬ڿһУ쳣ŭ
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˭ɫصʵڶԷϣܵһɿֲƣԶ
һƣ뿪Ǹ˿ڣֲŮɴ棬֣ʱʧһ㡣
á
һҧȥʲôʥӵˣҪסԼǰݵ˺ܿ£˿Ĵ⡣
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Ǹ˳ˣûй⻪죬һƬռ䣬ڵһʱˣ񱩵ĿռϢҴܣ¾һ
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ֻǴʱȫޣãѪܣǱ˼㡣
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̡
µĿ³֣ɫӣû뵽Ϊ˹ŷ磬Ȼ̶ˡ
мһЦûлػֻɫг˰
ȥǸ̡ٴοڣûһ
ȴҵ򡰵̡һл顣һУ½ĿͶ˹ŷϡ
ʥǿ϶ģŷ磬㲻һҵ顣Ŭʥתڽ͢˵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ÿˣҾܾĲĵĻһ֮һȥһˣǽ̻ʺ̸ŷ絭˵дһĨµš
Ҫ̸̻ǽԼ̻ͬȵĵλһִǣ̲סˡ
ŷôǿʵ²ֻܹоһλŷеˣʹǿߣҲ̹ܺȻûһš
Ŀ˹ŷһۣŵ˵ͷҾʹ̻ʴӦһ֮ٸ
ɢŷƽ˵
뿪ˣʹΪǿߣҲȲЩ̣һεĴڡԼɱдõδˡ
Ҫȥ͢Ǹ̡ڣЩ졣
һԣ׷
ŷûзϣȷʵ뷨һطȴ˴ǽ͢ŷҪ߱ежǵΪֹ
ãʱóңһ⡣̡ڣȻת뿪һʧʹԹŷûпôʧġ
̫ˡŷ̲ס𾪵˵


413 ִｭʡ
ǵȻȻΪʲô˶̵ܹ𣿡ЦùŷЩС֡
ν̣һΪĴڵĵ̣Ȼǿޱȣǿ߶ҪȻʧɫ
磬һһҪ뿪ŷ翪ڣóɫһ
ҵ飿ʵ
ŷ˵ͷüͷ΢΢壬˵ȻѾ֪ҵˣΪʲôȥһѣһɽ֮Уǡ
ŷĻ̲סЦҲǳй涨ܽ뽭ķУֻάİΣ飬Ҳܲ֡
ֽе飬ǳһֱּҲǸɣܹһڵԭ
ȻĻԳŵʵĳЩ£Ѿǵ£ǵǿ󣬿¶ˡ
ŷĬȻ˵ͷ˵ȻҲΪѴ磬һҵŮˣȥҵܿͻ
ŷĻЦ˵һģϴ֮ǰ¹óűŮˣʩչֽţģϴûз˵֮ǰǻһֱڰ׺еģ̡
ŷϲûк֮ˣԷʩΪ
磬ҰˡŷЦһ§סͻȻϺݺݵһ
Ż
һѰǿŷ磬Ȼ嵽һȥŻȥˡ
ŷҲʶԼʲô飬ɫѿǳ˴һȻҲһߣʼ
ԺҪҡŷһ߿£һߴ󺰵
ɫڣʲôǹŷȥĺòá
쵰ҿ㡣Ҳŭˣֱŷ˹ȥ
ŷһϽתܣٶȺܿ죬׷ϣ׷ԶͿŷӰˡ
ͣһ۹ŷȥķɫЩ꣺СӣһҪȫﻹŮ˺ֵܣڵء
ʡأܶСΣʡ⵽ǰδеĴŲٸǵʵҲ
Ѫħڴռ̣£һЩѪħʵڽʡӵǿˡ
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һ׷ŷʱˡͷ۵ǣҵҵסز죬ҪһЩʵ̫ˡ
ˡ
ű죬һҪ𣿡
ŷ䶯˶ԼһĨаЦЩĻʱ
ߵǰŷ罫Ŵ򿪡ӳһŨױĨŮˣԿóŮ˳òһ˵УҲŮˣҷΣĺõˮ
ɡ
ŷ絭˵ϲһ˿顣
ŮЦ˽
ɳ棬۾ĵļܹγˮŹŷ磬һ
շѿɲˡŮĵ˵зŵ⣬Ҫŷ絹ֻȴ֪ɫڹŷ翴Ҳʵ̫Сˡ
޹Ȧ粺죬ڹŷ翴һŮοŮˡ
ŷ鶼һµģֱӴӻͳһǮȻŮ˹ȥ
𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
Ů˵۾ɴˣôǮһһ֪Լˡ뵽Ů˵һ⣬Ц˵ˣȻˣλҾˣΪΪ
һǵӣŷȴ޶ԡ
˵ͷУȰǮҪ㡣
ʲôǻɡŮ˴սŷ磬ҪŷĶȥ
ŷüͷ΢΢¶һĨͷɫͻȻ֣һѽŮƿˡŮˤڵϣһʹ
顣
ʱűһ߿Բ˳˽һͷʵģ㾹ȻҹţֵǣҴ
ףֱӺ˶֡
Χסŷ磬Ӷȭͷȥ
顣
죬˵Ӷһ˳ŷһ鶼ûУļֵܣȫڵϣŶʹˡ
ŮҲסˣɵɵĶŹŷ磬һ仰˵
ŷ罫ĿͶΨһվԭصϣԷһ˳ŷĿ˹ͻȻһϵĶ
ӢۣҴˣҰɣаʮĸ¡
סŷͻȻһһʲôΪĵӰ
̱ͣŹŷ磬һµӡ


414 
浽ˣǵӿ治СӺþûɱˣǼҾͲˡŷЦ˵ɢһɱɱڳļп
Ҳ߹߽ˣȻۣײ˻죬Ҳһ֪ӵϢˣǲã󲿷ֶͽ
ԶڹŷĻ˿ɡ
㲻ҪɱǣʲôУǮҲҪˣҲҪǮ˯ԲŮ˴󺰵ɫš
ڵϵɫһ䣬ҪڡŮ˺ݺݵĵһۣűֻͣ˵ɫУȴһЩʹࡣ
ǵɫŷЦ֪ˣαصľûĵȻЩӵˣҲӦá
ŮҪչŷüͷһ壬˵Զ㣬ҶûȤ
Ůһ㶣ԼûȤһ˿ңһ㲻׾ʧ䣬ǶԼòķ
ŮˣûвԼòģŷľܾŮеܴ
漴ǱЩŻ֣̿ͼɫѵǰµ꣬Ҫɱǡ뵽̲סп־塣
ڵϵӣŮ˺ڵϵļ֮д㡣Ҳл˵ĸ飬ЩԸⱳʹ
ŷЩĿһۣ쵽˵Щ࿴ˡ
ˣ˺һҲɱǡǱҸһ顣ŷ絭˵ɱ˻üɫһɡ
ŷԼ£ɫֽˡȻǮɱ˷Ż飬ȴûŷԼȥɱ˷ŻĲ֪ôˡ
λҪʲô飿Ҫɱʲôģǿ϶ȻһУǻе֪˺飬ǲġԥһ£ǽ˵˳
ŷ絭Ц˵ɱ˷ŻҲòǣһ飬ǻشˣ̷ǡ
ʲô飿˶ЩţǹغȻҵ
פҹȥҾͷǡŷ絭˵
֣Щɫ䣬һŵģͷǸ˾ʲôڿһǷǵأҪˡ
ǰкܶˣֻҪ˭ҹȥʧǱɱˣפأѾһƬû˸ȥ
ҲҲҪȥ
ǰǸط̫ˣȥ˾ͱ
࣬һҲԸȥӣȻǸղŹŷĿ¡
ǲԸȥҲУɱ㣬ھҪǵŷ絭˵üһ¾ͱˡ
ʱǲǰˣһǣ˵ģҪǲӦھҪ
뵽˵ɫ
ǷģֻҪǴҹȥұ֤˭˺ǣ³֮Ҹһ򡣡һ鳣һ棬ŷãʾá
һ򡣡
˾ɲһСĿܹõһǾͿˣȥһЩС⡣
뵽˵ĶһۣԿԷеĿ
еĿⶼͷϣһĨ
ͷҧȻᶨҡҡͷУҲֵܽǴ·һȻãûȥиƨãҪɱɱҰɣҪΪһȺֵܡ
ؼʱ̣ʼͱֵĺܲˣȻˣùŷ羪ˡ
򡣡
ŷٴ˵һ֣ͷ˶ˣ򣬶˵һ֣ôһǮһӳԺȲˡ
磬Ӧɡ
ǰ磬λѾ˵ˣܹ֤ǲܵ˺
磬ҿλǻ˵ѵˣʹӦɣҲ캦ˡ
ͬʱȰͷˣ޴֣ǺըЩΣסջ
ͷһԥһҧУҴӦ㣬Ǳ뱣֤⼸λֵܵȫ
û⡣ŷЦ˵֪ԼĿڴˡ
ûκŷֱӴӻó֧ƱȻǩ򣬵ݸͷˡ
֧Ʊ֣ȣе㲻šһʾ޿ô׵ˣһٴΣδܹŪôǮɣ
һ¥ҵһûȥֻͷ˸Źŷ硣
ԸֵǷգ֧ƱŮˣ͸Źŷ뿪ˡ
ŷҲֵɣķսһˣȱһȺҪɶˡͷ˽ľĿĵ³֮ͷǰȥһľһ߽͵ǰǽˣе˾Ƕ֪ǲԸȥģֻ߹ȥ
û⣬еʱ䡣ŷ絭˵һ⣬һһĨЦ


415 ռ
ľǰ·ΧһƬžûһ
ŷҲ֣ôʱ䣬˵һˣһӣûгֹֻڰе۾һֱûȥ
жԶŷ絭ʵ
һ£ľŻʮӾ͵ˡ
ɫ䱸ܣǺڰʲôˮһ㡣
ôţ㻹ʲôŷû˵һҲ̫Լ˰ɡ
ľʵ˵ùŷһһôһϢ
ˣø·ŷ緭һۡ
˴˽Զһһһ棬ɫ쳣
ɱˡ߿ڣκ
ǡ
Ǹ뿪ıӰͻȻһ˿õԤУҪʲôһ
ԣôָоüͷͻȻվȥ
ŷľ߳Զ㱻Ѫħĵӣ˵ֱӳ֡
ľɫ䣬һһſڵϡ
˵Ѫħĵֲ̫ˣһƣһΰѹѡ
ŷ̲סһָۣᵯһĥ̴СѪħӵĹŷȥ
һϣǸ˲ҽһը顣
ѪһĻľһ˳־Źŷ磬ʱף˵ԼɱˣԲ˵˵ѡ
Ѫħĵɫתߡ
һɡŷ絭˵
һֻץѪħĵǱһֱεץס˻
ŷɫһ䣬Ҫ˻ɱ
ѪħĵӸܵвֵĴ
顣һϵ֮ŷоһԼҵתһȭ
һͷѪħֱӳɱŷȭͷѪħײһ𣬺ʮ
ŷ羪̾˦˦ȭͷûܵκ˺һĻˣôŷΪž磬Ȼܵסһһ˺ûУֱֿˡ
˭ʵ
˭ŷ練ʡ
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Ҷŭ뷢һ𣺡ҶҪ
Ҷ̲סɫһ䣬ԥתߣе˼£˲ʧڹŷǰ
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ŷ磬㡣켤˵
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ŷĻ̲סЦһ˵ҵĽǣĵ˹ˡ
˶ˣɱɱһ죬ںЩʲôŷû˵
΢΢Ц˵ˡ
һɱһ죬СܲղҺ˵ѷˣ㾹ȻһУ˲ˡһҰ׵߿ڣһ͵Ŀ
ŷȴˣʲôڃѷǃѷ˺òá
뵽ŷ̲סλ֪ʲôǰѷǼһһҵĶ֣һˣǼһӵÿ죬ˡ
ʲô
ӲˣԷҲŴͣӶɳˡŷ羹Ȼ˵ԼѷˣΪԼ񻰡
ѷ˭Ѫħ󻤷һΪҪǿˣ֮£ǿ֮һ
Ҫɱףŷ˼ȻڹŷˣϢǴȥ¡
㵽ʲôˣɫӵʵ
磬Ǹո룬һʱĺܶϢǶ֪һϸ˵һɡŷЦ˵
һ㣬ܿҵľȣ˾־˽֪Ϣûеõ
ˣľ߰ɡŷ翴ľһۣЦ˵
ľ˵ͷɫηתȥ
˭Ŀľһۣʵ
һ·ˣˣȻȥɣҶˡŷ˵ôʱ䣬ڷûгء


416 ս
ңҵӣùŷ綼һ
һլǴʱ߹լˣ˶ˣδɢѪζԵ쳣̱ǡ
ﾭֹһѪսȷʵѾɽˮĵزˡ˶ˣλ棬һ˴ߵǸߣǿȻжȴֹۣѾǿ֮ĩˡ
Ѫħ̫ǿˣλϲռƣʹ򲻹ʯҪЮǺ±һ˵ѾˡǿЦ˵ɫݡ
һս̫ˣкܶ˸ˣǵԪ
壬йŷͲõˣҽΪˣ̵ʱκˡ쿪ڣοԼ塣
ǿȻҲףŷҽżҵĴˣҽͨ񣬵֪ݵʱǿףԼļоˡ
үӷİɣѪħˣһȺ߹ǽҵκãʱһ𣬽͵ŷкһ˵
áǿ۾ˣĽΣѪħˣΪս˱ˡ
ǣϾλ𣬾սһλ𣬵ϣ㲻ܶ֡ǿЩǵ˵
İɣҽżңеĲ书ı¡ŷһĨаЦ
ʱɱˣδҪ涯֡
Ҵææĳ극ŷ翪ʼΪҵԱƣһƵģǸ˴档
ĸΪɲ⣬ǿ߲Զվס˶࣬Ѫħ֣ˡ
ˣҲֻʣһǹŷһ죬¾Ϊ
ŷ罫֪ǵʱ˶һ˭Ҳû뵽ƾȻصز
죬ǲõģһô꣬Ѿˡοˣĺܵ
ס첻֪˵ЩʲôˣԼ̫ûˣػס壬øױˣһ
үӾҲգǷİɡŷЦе˵ȫš
ҽżҵҽΪйأﵽ˾磬ͬҽʥŷȻνƫҽҽѾҽʥˡ
ȻǻڹŷУаԷ
ŷ˫ӴһԪ룬ûڡӴŹŷĶûС
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ҹĶУһХ˷𶯡
Ѫħĸۼһǲ鵽˹ŷݣһХʱ򣬼˵ɫˣ֪á
ȻˣǸҽżҵĴˣκҶɫ䣬дųŭ
ҲһǼƻ˺ܾã򽫣ڣȴŷֱƻˡκѪħǿƣҲӲĻҲʧֹһλ
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ŷŵʱѾˣŷû£һ
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һۣдһԶһһǳӡ
ͳԷ𰵰զ࣬Ƕǿֻеһ𶯿һӻһӣе˼
Ѫħжһս顣˵ʱɫЩŹ֣ʵ벻Ѫħ˾Ȼô޳ܣս鶼Ƥ¡
ս飿սҵģŷ۾һµеݡ


417 ս
ͳԷɫŹ֣Ȼս飬вһĵط
Ҵû뵽Ѫħ޳ܵزǾȻսУ˵̫ҪλϳӮǣǾͳˣǴĻͲҪҵ顣Է˵սеݣùŷ綼̲ס۾
Լ޳ܵˣǺѪħ⼸ȣֱ̫ԶˣԷ𣬶ֻھ磬ԷȻܺƤҪˣ޳ܵزģ
ҿˣԲŻŪһЦŷ磬Ѿؾˣһսǲ򡣡Ц˵
ŷȴҡͷЦʵΪʲô򣿡
һ㶣ʲô˼
ǰ˵ӦսǻжȥսŷһĨЦ
һ£ſڣô죬Ѫħ˽⣬һȺΪﵽĿģֶεˣӦսҿ԰ٷ֮ٵĿ϶ĸ˶ս
ⲻǺܺ𣿡ŷЦˣĸһȥʡ鷳
ʲô˼²⣬ȴţϾλܹһ򾡣ʹѪħҲʧأ˽ˡ
Ȼǰ˼һĸҵΣѣˣҶʱ֮ڣѪħӦòٳ֣Ͼĸ𣬹һӵˡŷаЦ˵˸⣬ɱ졣
ֲǵĶ֡ü
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Էôһ˵۾ȫ
Ҳ˼һֻҪѪħ˸ҳ֣Ǿˡŷһ
ԷһۣԿԷеϲ⡣
ŷսϢûгҶϡŷ·һ·ǿƣսûм
׼ãһһҪɱ˹ŷ磬ʱһңʡ飬һֱȥˡҶɨһλ
ͷײҶ˼
ѪħڽʡѾ̫ľòʹΪ𣬻صѪħУҲ⵽ͷǲܵȥˡ
֮һ
ǹŷǵԼҶмֻҪٹ죬ɱŷ֮Ǿռʡˡ
ˡҶЦ
ңŷҲЦˡ
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յʱ䣬ܿȥˣŷһֱ¡
ǶеһأƽʱＫͣһСģͻȥתԱ¡
ȻֻǶͨ˶ԵģڹŷǿߣºƽؼûκֱӵǶ
ɨܣŷһĨмЦݣѪħˣĲͷ¶β𣿡
һĿͷԡһ𣬲Ҷµߣ㶵ĶŹŷ磬дһĨɱ
֪㣬ҾӦɱ㣬㻵ҵĴ¡Ҷɫ˵ŷ֮ʱйһ֮ԵֻǺǿҶߡ
ɱҲ٣ûǸ£ɡŷ絭˵ֶɫƽվһķᱮ
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֪滨ǲҲˣɣûȥŷ粻м˵
ҶЦڹŷ̬ȣÿɷ񣬽̫٣Ǵ󲿷ֶԼ¡
Ҷһ֣˳ǽŷΧסɱ˸
ŷЦ˵ǿݰλ𣬿¾ǿߣִɣ
ĻҲֵˣλɱ㣬ѾĵˡҶЦȴ쳣ƣڹŷϣʱ׼֡
ǣҲŷ˵
ǿɲ㡣ҶЦԼԶŷˡ
ɲ㡣
һǿǶǼǿ죬Ҫһص
ǵ˶ˣҶ𾪵˵ֱֻܵ˺жأȻ̶̵ʱ䣬˸κˡ
ŷڲҶеĵλٴͦ˲١Ҷо裬ԼľĻŷ粻֪ʲô飬Ѫħ뱻ľء


418 ս
йżҴСʲôҲˣԷ˲УҲûһɫ
ǶǾеٮٮߣ֣Ȼսһλ𣬵Աȴûκ⡣
˶ţҶɫѿҲ֮У뵽ֿܡδϵǹŷҽȻô̵ʱڣǵȫתˡ
ûʲôϻսֱӱ
Է֣սһλѪħ˻Ѫ⻪ʮֱӶ˼ֶΣƴԷ
ҶϣǷսɽʯ飬һضڶҡ
ǿҲһλѪħϣ൱ǿڻԾɽ춯أɱ졣
սţòɿ
ʣµǸ𣬲һ˳Ѿ֪ŷ˃ѷ飬λΪѷ٣ǹŷĶˡ
ȳСŷ米˫֣˵
Ǹ۾͵һϲ˵ģпϲùŷֱ̫ˣȴܿɰ
ȳ֣ŷҲҪ·磬пܱɱ
ŷ񣬱еɱȴʢˡ
ҳˡǸѪħȷһ䡣
ŷͷһͷ˵㣬ٲ֣ҾҪˡ
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һȺɽ𶯣Ѫħ𻯳һͷѪħ˻£ֲýսļ˶ˡ
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Ͼŷսĵ㺮ѷǹŷĶ֣ս֪ǱذܵĽ֡
ŷˣڷ⣬⻯ɫƣ˷Ԫǿ
ֹסƣһ̤һضڲ֮䣬ǳ䣬ر顣ڰƿѪɫѪħ
Ѫħ˻ڰײһ
һ˲䣬磬·ֹˡײĵطϢѿһռѷ죬Ϣ䣬ҪûһС
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Էסˣ嶼ڲ˿µѹ嶼·ҪѿˡıƽѪħܵһвɫʵĴ𣬱ȫ޾ǿն·ڲ
ڰţɱ
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ϲȻˣû˵һõĽˡһ̣ɫͱˡ
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⾳
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⾳翣ǿߣҲδӵУܹ⾳ȻܹΪǿߣԽ
ŷ⾳ѾֳǱȻܵ۷壬ΪǿĴڣȺ۸ס
ŷսѪħѾоһˣŷȫѹƣǽһҰ磬Ҳ·վŷһϣȻ˳ȥ
ʧȥʬ壬ڵϾһʾһλ䡣
սţʱҲסˣɫ𾪣Ŷ೤ʱ䣬һλˣ˵ϡ
ŷǿ˲ȻǿҲˣž磬δ𣬵սȴѾˡ
ɱ
ŷ󺰣ǿĽսѪħɱȥͬʱҲӦʼ֡
Ѫħλȴɫѿ֪벻кýˣŷ̫ǿˣлɱһλҲռƣת档
෴ģǴúһǷһѹ£Է˿ʼ·磬ʱȻҲܺͶԷսƽ֡
ŷǿּֿ֣ǿܣȴǵסǵ֣һλʱʩΪǶ֡
ʮ֮ڣǿһȭԴϣԴ飬ڷ
һλ䣬ҶʣµѪħǷһǷĹҪѶֵľȻȥ
֪սȥǱ
ŷǿֱӱ˹ȥҪҶɱ
ǲɱңѪħȻţѪħʦұġҶ𣬵Լݡ
ѪħʲôһҪŷ˵һ⣬ǿҶȥ
ڵġҶŭ֪Լڽˡ
Ŀһ䣬Ҷʹ󣬺һ


419 Ѫս
˭Ҳû뵽ҶȻԱŷǼܣǱನУǿǶ³һѪܵĴˡ
˵صģͳԷˣǲž磬Ȼֿɿ𣬵ּԱȴסһ㱻ɱܵش
ǸѪħ𣬻ԡѪȴӴܣһѪ⣬뿪¡
׷ǸѪħȴӵĺܿ죬ǻᣬ˲ʧǵߵС
ˣ׷ˣʹѪħݷǲҲҪԪˣûвˡڣ³һѪɫЩס
ŷͷͳԷȥϢ٣Ͳһˡ
ҵ룬ֱΪͬʱơӴڹŷ£û˵壬ͳԷɫɫڻָ
ۡ
ͬʱһѪɫ±ɷףֻǵľȴ˲١
գһ͹ˣ죬ҿǳ˴ˣҪþƺò˵кңȻĻϹ˷үΪƴˡԷٺЦȻԼղŲȥ
ѣΪеĴɮĺܿ
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үӶ˼ˣҿɲҰһˣһѪħϮһѺеϣ̫ˡԷ˵ôЦ˳
Ƕ֪ԷڿЦҪѡ뿪ĻͿˣȫûбҪˡ
һ̬ȣվһ𣬳Ϊõѡ
˻صңȻ´ȫϴѪħԱҵӵסˣ̲סѪħĵȫɨһ
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ѪûŭֻǼŷ磬㺦𣿼ȻսǴ󻤷ɱѪħλ𣬺αºһս
Ϊ㳤ó󡣡ǹŷĻظӵһأһﵽûΣôظĻô⡣
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еķ粨ʹƽϢѪħҲֹͣΪȻˣҲѾռ˲ٵ̣ҪưԵͷ
ŷõϢȴЩ̼̼Ѫ񣬲սȴû뵽ȴֹһС
ŷֱӴ绰ѯʳȴõһȵϢ
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ŷףΪʲôΪԼȡʱˣ£ҪͻƣѪ񿹺⣬һ򵥵顣


420 ׼
ҵ绰ŷ˾ʱ䣬ҪͻƣܣֻսսҪսмͻƣԵǱܡ
ĵУǿ߲ڣûǹȴԣŷȵ֮󣬾Ҫǰһ⣬кܶ飬ҲȷʵӦýˡ
ŷû뿪ңΪһûа졣
ŵİˣô죬һֱ׼սûлᣬˣˣ׼ˡ
ĳܼ΢΢Źŷ磬߽ҵһҡ¶ȵ͵ˡ
û߽ȥŷ;ȵ˵꺮㾹ȻŪһö
꺮Ըٵ붨ѣħ֡ŷû뵽ңȻĶ
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꺮񣬿ѾŲȥˣҲܹое٣ͦ˶ˡ̾Ϣ˵ŷһĨȣϣܹκԼӡ
ŷû˵ûм֮ǰҲҿºڣֻ֪Է֮󣬲жϡ
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ԷҽһɳԶȻſڵϣ۵졣
û˵쵰̫۸ˣүʵңҸûꡣ
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ŷתü䡣һ̣ɴ۾һ޴ĺ񴲳ǰһɶ೤ɿ˸֮ҫЩۻ
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һŮˣòͨĳ˯ɫЩ԰ס
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ڵ壬Ϊ˾Ȼţֻûˣӻ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
һ㶣ԵЩĬ
ŷ˼ˣӵԸ񣬼ʹȻˣҲ׷ȥ뵽Ȼ̾һ
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ʲôǰӣԺͺɣɩӾСѿڶ˵֮ȴЩģ¹ŷ
Ͼŷս죬ɱ𣬿ǿߣ磬еĹأĵλѾڹŷˡ
ǿΪز
ŷȴûκԥ˵ͷЦǸãһţƵĴ磬Ժ˭۸ңȥ
Цӣȴ硣
꽻ˣǶܸˡϾܹߵһҲܺ϶Էθڣֵܣ˵ӵļ̡
ǲҪңŷԺҲҳԷɣûţ㲻öһɩӡԷٺٵЦ
һܵġŷ翴һۣЦ˵
ԷЦʧˣϽ֣үҲҪŮ̫鷳ˣҿɲҪӷһС
ŷƲ죬ԼһˣȾƵʱôû뵽
ҲԽ顣ŷܵ˵ȻԷһƵӣ񴲱ȥ
Է춼˵ˣЩţŹŷĶ۾գҲգ


421 ˫
ŷͣ£ַӵĶͷ棬۾ûԷڣ鿴Էڵŷ۾ʱɴˣ˵úأȴû뵽Ȼ˵ز
ϣĲӣҲˣһɾԪǿסк񴲣ӱ⣬Ҳ
ŷ翴һۣЩȵ˵磬ֲһֱ㱾Դ㣬ԭһԴɩڣ㲻֪𣿡
Էɴ۾˼Ķ졣ԴʲôȻǶһԪһһ㡣
ףΪʲô츳ڻûͻƵ𾳽磬ȫΪԪ٣Ǳľ޷ȥ
ΪԸ⸶һСЦˣһ㶼ڣʲôǿߣںֲӵһͷ
ӷ𡣡Էѵõıׯϣһš
飬ȻǴ󰮣ȴ飬ܹ춯أʹ涼Ҫݡ
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ҹҽʥҽʥҲʾԼΪƣǴɳ֣ҽʥҲ
һ˿ϣϣżҴˣܹκӣڹŷĻȴϾһ˿ϣ
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ŷεüͷƵ˵磬Դıˣ˵˲ֻܾ˵ΣҲΣ̡
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˫ޣΣޱȣû£ԷЩʵ
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Էɴ۾ַȻЧ
ŷ翴һۣЦ˵õƷǿĻҲκɩӣǲԪʮ꣬ڲһˣֱӳ֣еһжָõ״̬ԪҲõ䡣
ôãԷ̲ס˵
Ԫָʲô˵ܺܿУôĻۣҲܹʶǿߡ
뵽ԷЩˡ
Ŀȵŷ磬ĵ˵ŷϵܣŷҽҲΪҲһԪɣ𾳽磬˺óʱˡ
ŷɨ˳ԷһۣͻȻЦһû⣬ǰҪҵһͶϵŮˣȻҽ˴һԪΪȻԼͦأʮ꣬ҿ϶ܰ𾳽硣
Էûĵһۣʮʱ䣬⿿ҲΪˣαðաǿ͸ˣʾԷȥ
ллˣá뵽Էû˵


422 ذ׺
̫ϧˣĲԷϸµһŷҡͷ̾ϢһΪԷǵı顣
ԷɫݺݵĵŹŷ磬Ҫ˵ĳ嶯
һУ˵ʲôµһ飬ԲµҪȢţǼȲء
뿪ڷŷȴɫһ࣬ͻȻ֣תγһ֣Ҫ
ָһγɣŷһѪһ˳ֲضϣҲǳصһѪڣһˡ
ÿֲŷ𾪵˵Ͳһ㣬͵סˣҺ㹻ǿż
ϣһ𣬲ú˫ۡ
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֪ߴҲİɣ֮¹˭֣δ֪粻ôûİɣŷЦʣȻнȸУȴš
ʱ䣬˵Ȼ̣ܶҲܳһֱͻƣŵʱ򣬶Ȼ˶һġ
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423 
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ٻɵЦŷЩģ˵Լ뿪ȥ⣬սǱܡ
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ҲһԿôӲˡŷû˵ݺݵ˹һţڵϵ壬߳Զ
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ãİɣһﲻôģҪ͵Ϯһ治֪ܸܲɹŷ绵Ц˵ֻ۾һĨء
κǿܿΪھ۷壬սˡǹŷȴ֪Է϶о˵ͷ
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424 
һԾӣŷЦ˵ûʲôþȵģˣö̬֣һңб̬֮ϣǺ顣
뵽ѪħѪ񣬹ŷЩƣǼһôزͨ˽Էϣŷ֪Ѫ꣬ˡ
ͷȷʵЩӿܶǿ֪˽ܣƵ߳䡣
ռҳѾˣסǷǣرЩǿ˵ʱ򣬸Ҫ׼Ϊֻ
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426 ײ
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427 Ѫǿ
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ģѪֻǱȹǿһĻҵǲģбʤİաŷŵ˵
Ļ̲סЦһ˵Ǿͺˣʮ֣Ҳһ͵ʮ̫ˡ
ŷɫһһ⣬ʵѪڵڼ
ɫףûԼеô򵥣Ѫܿܿǰ
ڶдԣһһսһܣĺ֣ʮһҲδѪĶ֡Ц˵
ŷ̲סһԼѾѪĺǿˣڲ֪ǵ͹Ѫˡ
Է̫ǿˣܴʮ֣ǿߣŷ붼ûڵľ磬һΣܹսʤǶֻһ;ˡȻʹħ϶תؼǣԷҲħ
ˡ𾪹󣬹ŷܿ侲˵ͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ŷı֣ԵЩοǹżҵĴˣ۶жǿʧȥ侲š
һ£ߣĿǡŷƽ˵
оһе㾪ȵʵȶͷˣ
Щ쵰ңҲһˡŷ˵
ãȥţȻȶͷˣȥһ۰ɡһ⡣
ۡŷһ㶣طûԼҪȥ
нͷ˵ĸ֣˷ˣѾȥˣȥˣȴɱˣͷȺ쵰ǳ鲻֣Ѿȥʰˡһɱһ뵽Լɳȥ˲أ̲סŭ졣
Ⱥ쵰ϰԽ磬ЩһֱڻΪǸܵѵˣȥۣȺ쵰ȥҽͷʦϳŷһ⣬ĵ˵
ϲŷӦˣ۵ȺͷʦͲк³˵ͷȥˣֻǸߵ⣬ŷŭ쵰㻹ûнأûǮ
ûĺŸ뿪ŷҪûǮǲء
ţˡϼţŷһʱЪϢ񣬽Դǰ૵˵
Źŷͷ飬ֹǹŷҲŷ硣
ֻףŷˣһֱŮ˵ߵģ̫Ҫ
û˵ֻıŹŷ磬Լ壬ȥů


428 ˽Ů
´˺ܳʱ䣬ŷ˵Ҫˡ
΢΢һһ˫ڹŷϣɫ΢΢ЩԹܿ챻ˡ
⣬ʾһԹûС
ȥ೤ʱ䣿ʵ
֪ŷһȥʱ϶̣Ȼô֣صԼ
⣬Ҫʱ䣬һˣǿǿҶĶ֣ҪͻơŷϸĽ͡
һˣݺ̳ƴ棬Щ飬ȽٻǸ⣬ûıҪ
ˣһҪԼ֮󣬴ǸˡЦ˵ȻһֺӣЦ˵ˣ޵еģ˭ĵˣնҪĽ£㡣
ǰһֱۣŷӶɳˡûζҫ˹ŷ۾
ŷһҪˮӣ̲סֱЦŷһۣЦ˵Ҫ𣿡
ջùŷ̲סֱӽѹ¡
Щ⣬ܹɹչŷ磬ѳֲס֤ԼˡȻĺҲǷǳصģһֱ°࣬û
ŷû˫ޣֱУֽһ׻ڹķŷ綣Ҫú
Ҫۡ˵ɲȥʲô书ֲôɱɱҪ书ʲô
ŷεӣ˵ǺðɣҲҵפյڹഺפƤãΣʱøҲȤҲˡ
ŷһ˵ţһۿı飬Цķ֣Ļ۾ԽԽ󶼷ˡ
˵ģ񼤶ʵ
ڹȻôôǰ֪
Ȼˣѵƭ㲻ɣгɵˣʹפյҲഺפҸ֮һֺԶϵȱݣԽߣЧԽԡŷЦ˵ǳջûŮˣܹջ
һҪı㻹˫۷˵
㶨ŷ͵ЦñòЩѡ
صһ飬Ů˶֪ŷҪ뿪Ҳ쳣ǣ˽
ŷᣬԼһйĸŮƣ˳˯ߡ
֮ѾŷѾ뿪
ˣǲҪģ˵ԼһƽƽĻʱǡǵ˵
ˣһе顣ȸ̾ϢһʵΪŷǵġ
ڵľ磬ﵽ˾磬йҲˣܹսȻӮ治󣬵Ǿһ
ǹŷ磬ȴ˿ûֵ˼ҪһȥһС
һҪúʱҪϹæٻܼᶨ˵һֱԼûõģܰŷκ飬һĸо
Ů˶쵽ٻȸϽ§סȰٻ㣬㲻Ҫô࣬ϹκΣյģԸһ˵ס飬ҲԸǵ£ѡ㲻ھΣӦÿĲŶԣ˵Ϲǳİǡ
𣿡ٻЩ䡣
Ů˶û˵ˣҲнٻ˼Լûãܰŷֵ顣
ŷ֪ԼļŮھģҪȫĻǣԼȥЩδ֪Σաֱһ죬£ؼ䣬ûܹΪвŮΪֹ
ǹŷ޹أΪԼŮ˶ƴҪһƬûκΣյ
ŷڷɻ棬Ŀ񣬽£Ȼɱ¾ѪȣҪԼ״̬Ͼǿߣδ뿪впҪɥ
ֻǹŷȴ֣ĿʱһĿ⣬һֱϴùŷüͷԾ塣
ŷ۾ӳģһƯŮɫ£۾գѽգģڹŷϣһĨ档
֪ΪʲôһŮŷһֺеĸоǶԷʲôϵһ
ϸĿŮһۣԼãŮ
˾໥ŶԷ֮󣬲ͬʱڣʶ𣿡
һ㶣ЦЦٴͬʱ˵˵
ŷӣŮҲһĶԵú˧ŷɴ۾ѧģ¼ûеڶݣŮôģ
뵽裬ŷͻȻʶԼΪʲôŮһϤĸоòȻԼ쳣ơ
ɣ˽ŮʶŷӶһˡ


429 йϵ
ڹŷĥʱȴ֪Ůͬһ뷨
ϰֵ˽Ӱɣ찡ҾȻһ磬Ҫ֪ˣϰˡŮаֹ
ãҽйŷ硣ŷ֣Ц˵
ŮʮĺģԷȻôĸףֹ̬а˲ùŷзֹ
ҽлƼѼѡŮڣ𣬵ȴŷһֺϤĸо
ǵСʱġ뵽ŷԼĲ²⣬ӿ϶ˡŮջƣա
ˣʶһݺ𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
ƼѼüͷ΢΢壬βҡҡͷ˵ݺ֣Ҵûôˣ
Ŷû¡ŷЦ˵Щ̲סʵݺ裬û֣
ƼѼҡͷЩȣŷԼ׵˽ӵĻĸ׵֣ôҲջƣԼȴչţŮˡ
ˣʶһ𣿡ֵƼѼˣʵǺ棬ҪŪŷݡ
ŷҡͷ˭û˵
ƼѼЩʧңҪĶһпҪ췭ظˡ
𣿡ƼѼѺʵ
ŷҡͷ˵ǣǰˡ
գƼѼһ㶣Լ׼ṳ̂ڵأʱҲһ
˵ĻŷͲ˽ӡ
ڹŷòĺЩ棬ŷܶط׺
ʵ˵һ仰ϣ㲻ҪҸ׳úҿʼΪҰְֵ˽ءƼѼЦ˵ڸղԼ뷨оЩ˼顣
Ҫ֪׺ĸ׵ĹϵõĲˣ̲סĴָĽ˼㡣
ͻȻðһ˽ӳ»Ȼ󲨣۶Ҫˡ
ŷɫŹ֣ԷȻ˵ôһŻƼѼѣЦ˵ҲΪҲͬ뷨賤رһΪ˽Ůء
ƼѼ̲סɴ۾Ȼ顣
˶һۣԿԷеĻɡϾǳƾͰˣҪ˶һǾͲԾˡ
뵽ʶоб
һᵽۣԸһȥһ𣿡ƼѼѿڣЩԥϾֻƼˮ꣬óȻŷԼȥе㲻ò
ŷüͷȥֻȴûа취ʱ䡣
ƼѼѿŷı֣ʱף϶ȥˡ΢΢Щʧȴܴȣ˵оˣҶԼ
ƽŮŷкøСԷƯǹŷȴûһаĸоУԼãһѪĸо
治˼ҴӦ˱ȥ£Բȥңģ뿪֮ǰ϶ȥһ˵ģʵɻҲɻ󡣡ŷ˵̫ˣ֪֮䣬ʲôǣǲףŷԼ˯žġ
ǺãҸҼҵĵַƼѼЦ˵
ŷҡҡͷˣʱȥ㣬Ϳ϶֪ƼѼѣҼסˡ
ŷĻûƼѼЩȣ˵ģ˵ŷԲһͨˣۣһЩȨƣȨƵѡ
ڹŷݣƼѼѸӺˣ꣬ʲôͷ
ŷ粻˵ƼѼȻҲû˵뿴ŷûǸסܶ˶֪Ǹ˵ȥģȴûм
ｻ̸˵˺ܶණŷҲһǰĶɫ˵飬ƼѼѶǿֱЦ
֪Ϊʲôֻǵһμ棬ȴܾõһһҶûУʶ˺ܶһ㡣
ŷӵĿ϶ˣŮйϵϸ˵ļҺԼҾйϵ
һ̸ֱɻ䣬߳ʱ򣬻ƼѼѱһȺ˽ˣһɫγ棬Ȼʮӵɫγ뿪˻
ôͷùŷ綼ЩˣȻƼѼѵıԵĲ򵥣Ҫ֪ĪСºͽǣûų
ǹŷ𣿡һ𣬹ŷתһһŮˣжʮӣĸɫЩ߰Źŷ磬һӵ̬ȡ
ȿȣҾǣͷŮ˺Ưŷ粻òϣǶԷ̬ȣȴܲˬ
Ůɫһ䣬ɫһ˲һ˫ӱŹŷ磬ŭˣôûн𣿡
ȿȣ⣬Ƕн˵ģĳЩĿһʶûеļһûбҪ˵ʲôŷƲƲ죬м˵
ԣ˭Ҳ˭Ƕһ۾ŭŶԷ


430 زݵĴ
Ů޿̣ͻȻ̧ţŷȥ
ŷһͬ߳һţŮ˵ĽײһŮ̲סʹһȻʮһƨ˵ϡ
Χ˷һɫĿǰһĻŮ˵͸ˡŭ˼㣬ͻȻ־ȥ
ŷüͷҪֹŮˡ֪ԷҪʲôֳϣҪǹĻԻᾪŵЩͨ˵ġ
ʱһӰ֪ʲôʱֵģȻһŮ˵ļǸ˵Ҫˣ⡣
Ůתŭĵһۣȴַˡ
ŷҲվסˣֻ˵ȴЩ֣ĸоУԷһˣһʬ塣
ãذ鳤ܶλǹɣһε飬Ҫ鷳ˣǲ˼ܶЦ˵֣ŷ硣
ŷüͷһ壬ûнֵݳȥһȭܶ˹ȥ
ˣܶɫ΢΢һ䣬ʶĶ˹ȥٶȺܿ죬ʹŷ磬һûпΡ
֪ʲôˡŷ翪ڣɫг𾪡
˵еĶȻĴڣһԼǰˡ
ܶɫ΢΢һ䣬ԵЩѿĿ˸£ŷҲʶʲôϽ̬
ŷҷģʹǿߣҲûôСĹԷݣʵ̫ˣԴ
ܶ˹ŷһɫ粻ι󣬲Ȼһ̾˰ɣɱ˹ˣմȾˡ
ܶĻŷһղžͺԼ̫ˣļŭǰһҪɱŷ磬ŷ绹ûаܹߡ
ִڣأ䡣һǿҲֻͲˡ
ȻΪʲôҪǳˣŷʵüͷ΢΢һǿļһۣЩͷʦˣŷóˣЩֵ
ܶҡҡͷЦ˵ȻҵݣӦ֪Ҳܼ̫ѪȻĻɵΣգ±ЩͷʦҪҲҳ֡
ŷʱףǰλ֣ǲҡ
ˣңҸôŷͷʵ뾡飬Ȼ뿪
һΣյļһһ̫ûаȫˣŷԸȥʮǿƴ
ЩͷʦҪһжֻеȣҪȥһˣЩͷʦĿꡣܶɫЩء
˭ŷʵ

֣ŷ̲סһ
ôˣʶܶЩʵ
ʶղźͻŮһɻϣǸղĵĺܿġŷʵ˵뵽ղŵĻƼѼѣǾ̲ס¶һĨЦݣԵúᡣ
ܶϸĴ˹ŷһͻȻɫЩ˵㲻ǻ˽Ӱɣŷ֣ǾȻô񡣡
ܶһԵӣùŷ̲סһۣû˵ִڣҲ԰
ǣȻôʱ䣬ô򷢣κһ飬ǵľԺ棬ȻԴҳܶ˵
еĵۡŷ
˵ˣеĵۡܶЦ˵ֻУȴһĨı
ŷЦЦûٴʶܶݣִڣزݣԼҵĻᷢ衣ʱ磬Ϳ̿ˡ
ȿȣ˵ôˣȥҰɣܸϵϳԸзءŷЦ˵
Уߡ
˰Ⱦߣһߵ⣬ȴ쳣һȻȫԼˡ
ŭҴҵĵˣգۼ䣬ȴʧˡ
ǰɣأ⾪ȵ˵ֻգһ۾˾Ͳˡ
۵һլ䱸ɭϣǱĹĵģȻǴǹе
ƼѼѽ֮ʱ¶һĨЦݣ˴꣬ڻؼˡ
裬һˡƼѼѴ󺰵һޣӷ߳ƼѼѵʱ¶һĨЦ
˵ˣôһ㻰Ů˺Ưʹ˵꣬ȻϢ
ҵȻҪͰһѹء΢΢С죬ƼѼѼᶨ˵֪﷢飬ȴԥĸ˻
Ҫ͸ĸһ𣬽һεѹضȹȥ
ĸһУʧȥˣҰޱȣʹǮҲҸ
򸾣ȻܹܵŮ˼Ƕһۣһů
ˣͻɣӦûʲôģѼѣѧУʲô飬˵˵𣿡ƼѼѵĸҲǻЦ˵һı顣
Ȥ飬ƼѼһͻȻ뵽ڷɻϼĹŷ磬ɫǹ˵ȻУҽڷɻϣһˣͰְֳúǰְֵ˽ӣȴң˵Ҳ衣
ʲôӶʱһȻôɵ顣
ʲôȻ֪Լ˽ӵģȴ뵽һֿܡ
չš
ƼѼѿԼ׵ɫ̲סԼͷ
ʲôɫ䣬¶ϲɫ


431 
ƼѼѵĸҲɫ˷ܵ˵϶ģ㳤ô񣬻չţ˭
˵ı֣ûƼѼЩͷԣпԿ϶ǣŷԼļȷʵйϵȻΪ˽ӵĹϵϾĸ׵ɫҲܹµҪԼϰֵ˽ӣԼѾˡ
֣裬ŷ絽ʲôˣƼѼ̲סʵ
硣Ҳ룬ֱӻش
ƼѼһۣӶˣŷ绹Լ磬Ĳ¶ˣϰֵ˽ӡ
ĻԼ費ӦôĲŶ԰뵽ƼѼѵСԴʱеˣ벻е߼
ƼѼĸ׿ƼѼѵӣʱԼŮʲôûĵ˻ƼѼһۣЦ˵ˣ磬ȴְֵĺӣСùõĺӡ
СùãʲôʱһСùãҲֻһ𣿡ƼѼ־һ£ɶʱһСˣûĸ˵
㲻Сãһãֻˣ걻쵰˸ƭˣүүˣҲ׼͵
ƼѼףлĵʣ뵽Լүүһϵӣ̲סͷ
ù̫ˣҺóǡƼѼȻһùãȴѣԼүүǸϱģڷҪ
׼ѧǡݺݵĵԼŮһۣû˵
ƼѼͷǵһμԼôӡ
ƼѼѵɫĸ̲ס͵ҲĸףǸù飬㸸Ҳ䵽زһЩСèС۸
ƼѼĸЩ̾ϢˣǺεȵӢΰ񻷣ǿƵ¶𾪡
һ֮󣬻Լĸ׷ϵһͨˣ䵽ط
һ뵽ƼѼĸ׾̲סˣΪԼ˱ƽ
ƼѼЩ⣬׼ֱˣܣЩȻĴڣûܹвĸ׻е˼ȻǱԼүүϵģǲһˡ
ְ֣ǰжƼѼŴ̲ͣסʵ
ְһ磬㲻˽ĵط㸸һȼ֮⣬ûʸΪĵˡƼѼĸ׽˵˵ĻԻͣҫҲһֱΪ֮Ժ顣
Ȼ磿ƼѼ̲סʵ𾪣ԼףȻҲǸĴڣһǳֻΪùõԭ򣬱ԼүүϵˣΪͨˡ
ƼѼĸ׵˵ͷ϶˻ƼѼѵĲ²⡣
ԼɷƼѼ˵㸸׵޵еģͬиûĶ֣𡣡
Ц̲סԼӵĻҡͷ˵飬Ҫˣ㲻ϣǹΣԯ޵УǶңεǱҶ͸
ߣ޵еģȻҲǺȣδرǿƼѼ迪ڣǼᶨ
ûЩжԼӣôһֱԼԼɷ֮ҲûзΡ
ϰ־޵еģҲšƼѼЦ˵ûԼϰֵƨ
顣Цһ»ƼѼѵСӣһ簮ı顣
һڣڣûãһ˽˵ϰ壬ܾˡ
롣
ɫһ𣬸Ͻ˵ڲܶĿأһ㶼ҵ
ǡ
Ǹ˳ȥȥͨ
ܾ˭ƼѼѺʵ
̽ܶҾͲû㲻˵ż𣿡Ц˵ԼŮһֱݲܶΪ˶
ۣ̫ˣżˡƼѼ̲ס
һӣһЩţûӺЦѣСѾͷǵһôŵӡ
Ӱ˽ɫˣǵĿûͣڲܶϣͣǸӰ
һ꣬ò㣬ʮơ
ʱҲ̲סɫŹ֣Էֱ̫ˣʱ򣬹ŷףΪʲôƼѼѻ׵˽ӡ
硣ƼѼͻȻһ䣬˶һ
ŷǸоЩĪʲô磿ںԼ
ûĵԼŮһۣЦ⺢ӷˣ˰ɣϽкŷˣֻһ˫ӣȴͣĴŹŷ磬ûаƿ


432 ˾
ŷܶ£ֻǻˣȴһֱĿⶢڹŷϣдһĨ޷εľϲ
ȿȣιǺġܶҲЩĪ˵ǵע
ʲô飿ʶʵ¶һĨǸЦݣ㿴Դǲ˼飬ȫȨܾٴ۾
Ļ̲ܶס¶һĨЦţȴԼţһαĲ۾죬λ
ָָܶŷ磬Ȼ뵽Żı֣Щȵʵ͹ǲʶ
˹ŷһۣҡҡͷòܶЩʧ
漴ֿ˵Һûм棬ҿԿ϶ҵСõĶӡ
ʲôܶľˣŷ羹Ȼǲֲܶ˿ô
Ҫ֪һֱһ仰˾ˣֶŮùãһŷͻƣͿԽˡ
ȻǾ͸ˣȸˣģİȫ϶ܹõ֤ܶЦ˵ܹŷʵ֪ǳǿͷʦһ˶ռпܻᱻŷȫɱ⡣
ллܾ٣ѼѣͲܾ١ԼŮһۣЦ˵
ƼѼѵ۾һʱ¶ĵɫЦ˵û⡣ߵܶǰƼѼЦ˵ܾ٣㡣
˸СǣǿԼżһ㡣
ܶƼѼѵ񿴵Щëܾ뻹ǵ˵ͷ˳ȥ
λҪ˵ʲôݣŷüͷʵ
üĶЦˣҡҡͷЦ˵㸸ǻ쵰񡣡
ʶҸףҴû˵һ˾ˡŷ˵Ϊ
ְǸ쵰Ȼ˵ȻĻүԲҵ㸸ףж˿顣ƼѼĸ׿ڣдһԹ
ŷӣ΢΢ЩЦҪǱϰ֣Ѿˣǰˣܿľ˾˺;裬ɲΡ
飬Ҳ㸸Ĳã̫ˣǵүӲˣⱾһܺõԵ΢΢ЦǸˣүǵŭһҪԳ֣λɱˡ
ԯ޵УʱҲܵǣѲŹΣմǻƼҵŮ뿪
Ӧõģһ㣬ôˣ֧ϵŷ֧ԼϵǸûм⹫һ˿
ԼӶһۣ̼ǵõǸҲ˵ͬĻȻͷˣǸˣһүӴ
ˣͲҪ˵ˣŷȻˣҲˣǾסһЩʱɣ˾˵ģڣûм㣬кö໰Ҫ㡣Ц˵ΣԼˣһǳ˵顣
ôЩ꣬һֱԼû᲻ʲô飬ڿŷĳ֣Ƿˡ
Ҵ˼죬֮ҾҪˡŷ˵ûдӦĻ
ֻµʱ䣬Ѿȥ˺ü죬Ȼٵ顣
ΪʲôüԵЩˡ
Լ֮ҲĶ֣£Ҫȥ⣬սͻŷûΣ˵Լ顣
Ȼһ쳣ĸоŷһֺܴѹŭʲôˣҶһ𣿡
ŷ¶𾪵ɫͻȻ֣ԼҪ˾ˣȻӣһ磬ȴﵽһֲܿľ磬²ĸ׹Σŭ󣬻ͻȻɫһ̾һЩȻ˵ҶˣԼڶѱҪȻŰԸĵˡЩԳЦЦһζԼȫΪϣһ쳣ĸо
Ϊŷ翴˵ͷЩȵ˵
ˣΪ̳ߵ飬⹫ŭҪȥ׷ǣ˾ŭ⹫ԱȫΪƼѼĸ˵дһ˿Թ
ˣ˾˵ʣӦϵǿߣôܻһЩѹͷϡ
Ҫ˵ˣѾǹȥˡЩ˵ǰرںǰ
ŷȴɫһͻȻȥŷһ˵Ҳа취㡣
ŷ仰סˣһɾ޴Ŀϲӿͷ


433 
а취ʵоԼЩˡ
Ϊô꣬ȴ˿ûͣͣͣﵽһֲܿľ硣
û̫ˣԹܶΣȴȫʧܡ׻еľϸ֣һԪΪܼ
ĸ֣УҲΪôԵ󣬻;ˣΪָҲϣ
ŷ˵ָܹΪܼŷ绰ʵԣûȥǡ
һߵĻ侲һ㣬Źŷ磬ʵΰ˾ˣ
Ҹǰ壬԰һˣţҲáŷûк˾ˣЩӦȻѾ϶֮ĹϵҪ˵׽ܣҪһʱ䡣
ȻҲע⵽ˣ⣬ƺʲôģģѾơ
Ҫʵ
ҪһЩҩģģͨȻٽЩҩģƳһſŵҩֻҪһ£ܹ޸þ֮ǰһҪһ顣ŷ͵һ仰˵˳ȴûֲõԤС
ʲô飿ֱԼйϵ
ڷҩǰҪ½ľĴ飬Ϊ㱻ϵʱ̫ˣЩλˣֻг׻֮飬ܹɹŷ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ٴδ龭ɲһʲô򵥵飬ŪûҪ
飬ܹ˺٣һ׳֣űסֻǾүӵϹҲΪһã˶Ҫ
ôˣŷһüͷЩԥ̼ˡ
ЦŷСֶΣôܿһ㶼ᱻļҡԼһۣ̾һ˵˰ɣʵڵͦõģͨͨ˵ĺôҲʲôָˣֻҪмţһжá
͸ˣһУǿ
ˣͨûкôΪԼԶɱˣҪɱ㣬һڣȺһ϶֣һأŷʣһЦ˵Ļɫ
ŷ˵ᣬǲǷǣͻٷٰ֮ȫģһЩϲСˣԸ鷳
ϹһΰɣСһƼѼĸ׿ڣȰԼɷ
еϹأһɨ۵ĸӢȻЩ꣬ͬ߳ƣ̳ݺ޶֣ǺǰĻԻȣȴ̫Զˡ
Ǹ磬ǻս
Һ裬ôƺŷʵͷЩ˼
СһﻹأҽӢĸ׵Ĺۣ㺰ھ裬ͺӢ̰ɡƼѼĸЦ˵
ŷа취ԼϹΪָ֮ŷԽԽ˳ˡ
õģӢ̣Ը⣬ɱЩˣҾͿ԰ҩģҳ֣Բʲô⣬ҽżҵĽƣ㲻᲻ŰɣŷЦ˵
һЩ˼غҽżңҽżҵˣ
ǰһ㲻֪ŷЩˣȻ֪Լ׵Щ֡
Ҳ֪
ҡͷĲ֪֪ҽżҵĴˣͲôɵˣȥԼĸףִѡ
Ҫ֪ҽżǿߣףʹԼ˹ΣҲµġ
뵽Цɵ
ǰɵ㵥֪ѩʱҰɽûʳԣᵽ㲻֪ҲСŷŻĻ˵Ż̲סͷɽһݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣûغ죬Ҳɩ
ŷ͵ЦӢҲһֻǻȴЦãƺӣܶԳһ
ְʲôʱɩˣһȵƼѼѴ˽Ц¶һĨɻ

Ѿͷʲôôİתƻ⣬˵Ļٶ˵һ䡣
̽ӦԼˣż񰡣̫ҸˡƼѼһı飬˶ƮƮһ
У㲻ܺԼᡣ仰һ˵ģǹŷͻͬʱ˵ġ
ƼѼһ㶣Щԡ
ŷһۣЩֻ̬ȣѵҲ˲ܶݣ
Ϊʲô
ƼѼѾСʵ
Ϊʲôǲ׼ŷǺͻͬʱڣ˵һĻɫ࣬㽫ƼѼˡ
УҾԲͬ⣬ҵɣǹܲңߡƼѼһƲ죬ֱӶƵˡ
ŷͻЦԿԷеĵǣִڳ˲飬ӴĻֻˡ


434 ţƵĻƼ
ȰһߵӢȴüͷ˵ɵģǲҪѼѸ鷽顣
裬˵ʲôأֻǳϲƼѼ̲סЩƣ⼸ܲ㡣
ͺãԺǻٽӴһ㣬ܶеô򵥣ѰòҪӽڣƼѼѡ
ƼѼѵɫȴЩÿɷףѾͷûнԼȥ
΢΢ЦһҲٶ˵ԺֻҪעһˡĿŷ磬ʵҪһЩʲôҩģгȥ׼
ŷͷҪֽʣдһҩ
Ҹұ֤ҩʹһ£ľָָܹܻΪŷŵ˵
ͷЩ
֮ǰðգΪ֪ŷݣ֪ǹżҴˣﻹʲôԥ
ȥðҩģȻһһٷ
˹ŷܶ⣬ֻǵŷ縸ĸȥ˽֮أӢɫúܲÿ
ǻ쵰ôܴСȥǸط֮أħ̤㣬һƬ򣬴˵ǿаڣȥ𣿡ԵЩŭǵġ
ﵽʲôطŷʵ
ڶЩˣ֮أ˵ˣ˵дգǾȴû֪
Ǵʱ칬УҲ
֪Ҳֻţ⹫Ӧȴû˵ֻ˵һ֮ءҡͷҲֻǵ;˵Ľ֮ʲôӵģ䣬֪˲ࡣ
Ҳǿ󣬵ΪﵽǸ磬Ҳ֪ܵһУΪϵʱ򣬲Ÿո𣬻ûü֪Щ飬ͱϳˡЦ˵֪εݣҲȥԼӣԼһΪϣôͨˡ
ŷ˵ͷûٶʣֻǶڻΪЩ𾪣Ѿˣ츳Ҳ̫˰ɡҪ֪ԯݺᣬʱ٣ھ磬ҪﵽУҪܳһ·Ҫߡ
Ǹʱӿ콾Ҳ̫ۡЦ˵ŷȴףǫˣһʱ֮䣬ﵽ𾳽ģ콾
ǵʱܳļˣڹŷ縸ף񻷡ҲǸʱΪΪԼ飬Ϊϣ̳
뵽ŷΣΪԼ׶ΡΪ飬ڵĳɾͣԯ޵֮¡
Щ꣬ҲûţܹܣұȻܹںܿʱڣ뼫ߵľ磬ʱĵˣ˾˰ȫ¡뵽Լָ̲ס
ǲãҪĥ£ҵĵˣԶԶֹ֮ǸˡŷЦ˵дһĨ⡣
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ΪָҲһܹæܹоŷǿڵսȫʢʱȣ١
򵥣ҪСʵһġӢ̲סЦ˵
ѾܳԾˡҲЦ˵
ŷԽǿԽģϾԷԼˡ
Ƽ飬ǴͳҪȻҲеȥԼͷϵĸסǿһϱȥ֮ǰѾµ˽
˵Ҷģȥ˯ȥˡƼѼѴ˸Ƿ˵ĶԻһ㶼
վƼѼԼķȥ
ŷ翴ıӰ̲סüͷ˵üѼѺǸܶߵ̫ɫ࣬һɵɫ
Ҳ룬Ѿͷ軵ˣԼţǵġЦ˵
Ҳǵģִߵ̫Ļ꣬к³
޷Ҹһˣ֤ܹѾͷǲܶŷŵ˵гһѡǸһһСŮԵߵӦûɡ
˭̲סʵ
ԯݺᣬԯ޵е˽ӣһ㱻ļһŷ翪ڣԯݺݡ
ŷϣȻûκ⣬Ц˵˵úԯ޵һ𣬿϶бʣû뵽淢ˣŪһ˽ӣ
Ҳϵŷ羪ȵĵɴ۾
˹ŷһۣԵЩ˵ǵȻǲ֪ƼʵݣȻͲôˡ
ŷɫһ֪ƼҵȻ
𣿡ʵ
ͻƼйϵŷ羪ȵ˵
Ǹ׵µһӡЦ˵
ŷˣµȻֻ⹫ļӣ⹫жţƣƼһĴڣ
е飬µĿܻ֪ͨһֵǣʮ֮ǰɲ¸£һʮ֮дϽǷġ


435 ǰ
ѯʣȴûлشֻ˵ԺȻ˸㡣
Ӣ̲ס˻һۣû˵Ӵʲôգû
ЦƵ˵Ҳ飬Ӧø׿ڸ߹ŷ磬ţٰҵΪһΡ
ĻӢ̲ͣס˵һ䣺ϱ
ȿȡһɫЩΣôҲӣӺòá
ʲôȣҸ㣬ǵͷ棬Ҳô˵ôܹˣ̫ˡӢ߷߲ƽЩһֱԹ
Ӣ̺ģ֧㡣ŷΨ²ңһߴ󺰵
̲ס˹ŷһۣЦĲ˵ʲôΪ֪֮ӢôΪԼ
Щ꣬һֱ޻ΪϣүԹ
ˣ˵Щˣȥ׼䣬һһЩҪЦ˵ӢۣŮˣ

Ӣ뿪Ϊŷ׼䡣
ҲǸ˵ݣɫأŷʵ
زݵĴڣ¼ŵĴ˵Уû뵽ǾȻĴڡŷɫҲÿһ뵽ִڣһľĸо
ܶʵݣĽɣ켵šִڲ¶
ӴˣҲ飬к³
Ǻܿ£Ҳ޵еģɱǣҪǿϣֻһˣܹ쵽ڣᵽǸ˵ʱɫЩη
˭ŷʵȻɱִڣԼִڵʱҲԼɱǡ
衣
塣ŷ𾪣ȻһĴ
㾹ȻҲʶˣǵõ꣬㸸׹ϵã˵ܹɱִڵˣ˳֮⣬ҲҲڶˡΪ϶˵
ŷԼ˵˱ѹƹ˵ִڣŷȴЩˡ
Ǽһһ̬Ϊʹﵽһ󲻵ĵزˣϧˡҡͷ˵
ùŷˣеãǲǷˣһŰˣڻУȻǵٵ۷壬˼ԶҲ̫˰ɡ
ŷ羪ȵӣЦ磬кܶණ㲻֪㸸Ҳ϶ûи㣬꣬ŬɣҲپߵʱ򣬻֣ᷢ磬ʶȫһ
ھѾˡŷֹ
Ը˵ҲǿֻаֹҪҪΪҩһкҩɷ֣ģŷл뵽
ͻȻһսЩɻɨΧһۣ¶Ⱥܸ߰ôͻȻоЩ䣿
Ȼ֪ŷѰ˼ţôкҩء
ŷڴϣû˯ɢȥլԼС
ŷȻɵȺͷʦȻ˵Ź˵֣ɱһֲ
ҹˣһ¸߹ڲ񷣬ޱȣԼɫĹԡЩְ࣬һȣһ֪£Ҫϰ壬Ȼһ˿
ϰҹĺƽƽŷ綼Ϊκ飬ɾһ̣ȴһŹƮ˹
ˡŷһĨЦԷȻûаԼڵڶ춯֣ѡ˽ҹ
ֱŹȥ
ŷܹоŹһ˼룬Ҫƿء
ɡŷЦţһֱ֮ӰסŹʼ
ȴӲŷƿأܿ챻
ڲԶһطһһСѪȴûκηŭЦҵСɱˣи
ߣʮˣװģǻϢȴɭɭģ˸о
ͬĻǶЦˣ˸ɱ˵
϶ǳŵĸ֣еˡһ˿ڣϸֲвŮĸо
ΪȴһȺߵģ˿г˾η
ҲôáһһȺ˱ɫͻȻȻһ˲ķѡ
Զһվڰ壬ħӰ쳤ХǿƴɢΪĽͷʦһ
ǺȻĶһۣ֪߲ƣǿ󣬹ƾƣܹˡ


436 Ҹ˴·
ŵˣͷʦһ˺ʣһ㶼
Ȼȹŷǿ󣬵ȴ㹻ĵʮͷʦӹ֣֣Ժ䡣
ҲǵĵڣŸŵצӡ
ǣܵУɱֻŷ絭˵ɨһȺͷʦȻĿͣһϡ
ĸоУһȺУֻˣв
ǹŷ磿Ǹ˿ڣвŮеݣȴһȺͷʦɫˡ
ŷ˭Ȼͷʦ˼ֶΣûɱرŷս£ͷʦ˶ˣٽͷʦ𾪣뵽ս̲סв
ôҲû뵽쾹Ȼ͹ŷˡ
˵е֣еĻҪǿơ
׼ȥǽͷʦϳȥһˣҸ˴·ŷ絭˵ȴöԷȻˡ
ȻҪȥͷʦˣȻףŷ粻ܻȥģӦΪȥɱǽͷʦ˵֡
˵һ衣ͷʦǿޱȣ϶ʹܶ೬ȻĴһ˾ǣֱûˡ
ȥˣΪҪˡһͷʦЦ
ŷȻǰҲһͷʦ죬ɫ䡣
Ƿŭ֮󣬽ŷ뺷ս׵һߣӶôɱ˹ŷ硣
ֻǸ˵вŮĽͷʦЩ䣬ܵľ쵽ŷǿһ޷ֵơ
һȺ׳ա
ŷЦȻһ˳ȥ
ƣڰɨȺͷʦ
һȺڲսҪֿȴķ֣ڹŷϢ£ǾȻһָͷûС
ڰֱӳһȺ˱飬ֻ˵вŮĽͷʦšȴ𾪣ֱգʶŷǿˣ֪ĸҪɵֵ
ҪߣȴԼӣȫûˣŷǿ𾪣
ΪʲôɱңŹŷ磬ɫײ
һӢˣȻѾ꣬ȴеǻ˲١
ǣĳ˵˾Ķ衣
Ҫ·ŷ絭˵¶ԷҪ˴·ҵͷʦϳ
ܡԷȻܾŹŷ磬˵ɱҰɣҲӦġ
ŷһЦ˵ɱ㣿ô򵥣ǲӦҵҪҾʮ㡣
ʲôԷȻɫϾȻ¶һֿ־ĸо
ŷжģֻǿͷʦһвŮӣ²Էһ̬ƫŮԣԲ˵˸ղǾ仰ȴû뵽ȻãԷһ־ģҪµһ
ߣɱˣʬ壬ҲǺúźģͷϲʬˣҲŷ˵Ǹͷʦɫѿ˼㡣
ĶŹŷ磬β˵һ仰ҴӦ㡣
ŷЦˣͶˣڴ֮ǰҪһΪŷкһͻȻ˹ٶȿĲ˼顣
ͷʦΪһˣǻûзӦŷһϡ
һĸоͷʦףԼһΪȫŷסˡ۾һĨ⣬ɶҲû˵ֻŹŷ硣
ߡŷ絭˵
ͷʦΣֻøڹŷһͨˣûа취ܹŷ
ǿŷһ˻ʱɫŹ֣ŷĽͣ˶¶ȵɫ˾Ȼǽͷʦ
ú˧ƼѼ̲ס˵˯죬һԺȴĿͷʦò
Ǻ˧һϲˣûϣˡŷ˵
̲ס˹ŷһۣƼѼû˵ֲϲϣҲϡǴ磬һ˧ߣѵ𣿡
٩ŷ磬֮ϣһ㶼ŷ硣
ϲŮˣҼѾ㼸ɩˣ˲Ȥŷޱ˵
ɩСƼѼһǵı顣
ŷɫһڣĲ˵ˣ̫뺷ס
ȴԼŮһۣü˵ŮӼң˵ע㡣
Ŷ
ƼѼѲÿɷȻûнԼ׵ĻС
ʼ磬ҲЩơ
ô˽ͷʦһۣʵ
ҷΪΪҩʱȥͷʦܲŷЦ˵ԼĴ㡣
ɴ۾֪ԼӺܴȴû뵽Ȼһ˸ɱϽͷʦܲһЩǿߣô
ûȰŷ磬ףŷȻľͿ϶ģ˭˵Ҳûá


437 ҩ
ܶڶϹ֪Ѿ˿⣬ƼѼһȸԾıʱ򣬲̲ܶסЦһŷͶ
ݣʵ̫ˣκԣκιϸ֮ǰ£ûйŮˣ̫ˣͽ¼һͷ
ѼѣܾٻҪҪŷ˵һɫҲڡ
Ѽѣ⼸̫ˣҪŲܾˡҲڣࡣ
ӢȻ֪ΪʲôŷͻôԻƼѼѺͲܶӴףп϶ԭġ
뵽ӢҲ˵ǰѼѣ˼Ҳܾ⼸æԼ飬Ժ˵ɡ
ƼѼѾС죬ЩԸĵ˵ͷܶһȻ˸֮Ķӡ
һĻŷͻһ
ҹҩĶ׼ˣŷ翪ʼҩӴȻγһһԵĽеҩͶȥŷһʼҩ
˸һʥͬʱħӰЯųɷڰڹŷϽţеͬħһ㡣
ʥħϣŷϵϢ쳣죬̲סŴ͡
˫ӡҩСʱʱ䣬һŵҩȳ֡ŷ罫УȻһ̴ľ档
һʮŵҩ಻˵֮󣬹ŷɫס
û뵽ֵҩȻôһĵĲˡ뵽Լϵô򵥵ӣŷףԼϵ࣬Զһ㡣
ŷ罫ҩʱ̲ס鶼ЩŤˡһ콾ȴΪϣΪһͨˣܸģлᣬָģôܲˡ
һҪңҪ´еľȻõҩԺֻҪʱҩһµʱ䣬ľָΪָܻ硣ŷĶ龭ɲһ򵥵飬һŪãҪоǹŷ磬ҪأŸҶ֡
û⡣ڡ
ŷ߽һ䣬û˸ֻǲãб㴫ĲҽӢͻƼѼɫ䣬ʶľҪȥ
վסڲҪҷģҿܻʧ󡣡ŷ쳣Ļ˳ȥֹס˽Ų
ӢͻƼѼĸŮɫվûиŶ룬ҪΪŷģʲôµĺǿ޶
ûµģǣԲµġӢڣڰοƼѼѣֻǸģȴڰοԼ
ʵѾˣͨ˵ӣҲܲԼΪʲôҪûָΪҪðΣա
ְһµģҪŴ硣ƼѼҲ˵һĲӣֻСϵĽţȴеǸȫˡ
˵棬һֶĸо
Сʱ󣬲ҽֹͣѵһж˵ϡҲûһԥ˽ȥ
Уɫɷףȴ˾ϲŷڵϣȻ˹ȥ
ϹôˣӢϽʵ
ɹˣ⺢ۻˣϽ˽̧ȥϢ˵ŷɹ龭Ȼͨҩ￪ʼ飬оԼڸգȻڻ΢Լٶ
ͬŷ˵ֻҪһµʱ䣬ָܻΪҲﵽ硣
̫ˡӢ˵ֽõġ
ƼѼѣǸϽ˳ȥŷ̧Ϣ
һֱڶŷ˹ͬʱһҲϵۣ˻Ƽҡ
˭Ӽ꣬۾һĨȣǿڹŷ硣
ҽԯݺᣬҹŷģԯݺᣬɫƽվһϣһ飬ɢһ˳Ϣ
ԯݺ᣿ȵ˵ŷ˵ҪԯݺҹƼѼѵķģӲܶǻȴû뵽Ȼĺԯݺᡣ
ϸĴһԯݺᣬòϣһܳ꣬ʱܹƼѼһ𣬾һ¡
ۣ˧֣˭һƼѼ˳ԯݺʱ̲סһ
ԯݺɫƽɨ˻ƼѼһۣ㽫Ŀջأʵֻҹŷģ
ɫƽûʶƼѼѵòһûƼѼᣬԼѵôǰһﾹȻԼһ۵û
µ½ڣһ£סˣ˯дɣд£ǲˡ


438 һ±
Ҵ粻ڣȥĵطɡһתƼѼѿڣҪԯݺᡣ
ֻǵĿ˻ƼѼһۣԯݺƲͷվһϣñ쳣޵ĻƼѼѶЩ顣
Ӣ¶ȵɫǴûпƼѼֱ֣⻹ǵһܹסˡ
ŷǺΪˣľڻϢʵ
ˣԯݺЩ⣬˻һۣüͷ˵ľˣ˭µ֣ôݡ
һۿЩü
ʲô飬ﲻӭ㡣ƼѼƲ죬ǵӡ
ԯݺῴûпֱӽƼѼӡȷҪڻƼѼѾ͸оԼҪҧ˵ĳ嶯
ɣ㸸׿ɺãЦЦǾ˼ĽԯݺԼŮճһԣӦò
ʶҸףԯݺЩȡ
ʱѣֻǺΪһ飬Բô겻á͡

ԯݺһ£ԺгǸŮˣȻԼĸףǶԴȴĸ׶Ҫãܵů
뵽ԯݺɫһһ
Ȼû˵Լи磬ǻӣȴЩƣԿ϶˱Ȼˡ
ҼѾͷǿˡԼŮһۣЦ˵
ߡ
ûİԼһۣƼѼһȻЩˬ
ʹԯݺȻûпһۣûƼѼһԼǿĸоָо޵
ϲģˡŷûƼѼ۾һͻȻܵŷߣһסֱۣ˵磬ϲ۸ҡ
Ϸˣŷʵ
ƼѼһ㶣Ȼίĵ˵ͷǰϷң磬һҪΪұ𰡡
û⡣ŷͷɫĶԯݺᣬɭȻ˵ϲģȻϷӣҪһɡ
׳աԯݺ³֡
ŷԴֱðһķ̬ȣʵǹϬġ
Ҳܣһŷ˵
ŷĻƼѼһߵ˵ǵģ뽻ҿһƻŮûбռء
İɣһһġŷᶨ˵ûƼѼֿ˻ãһ磬ʵ̫ˬˡ
ԯݺᷭ˸ۣԹŷ˽⣬һԲ˵ʲôû
ȻҲ⳥ʲôģȢұðɡŷЦ˵
ʼƼѼѻЦݣŷĻ֮󣬶ʱɫһЩΣյĶŹŷ磬ɭɭʵ磬˵ʲô
ıΣգĺ⼸Ҫŷ綳ˡ
ʱĹŷ磬ȴֱӶĺʾӣЦ˵˵ǽɣ㻹ǻƻŮϷˣԺͼ޲ȥˣΨһİ취ֻǽˡ
У˭Ը޸˿ƼѼܾ
Ҳ֪ѿһ㣬Ҳͽһ°ɣϾѾˡŷһء˵
ӢһȻŷ˼ҪϻƼѼѺԯݺᣬֻߵһ
ƼѼһŭӣԯݺƽɫ˲ϣ
ûУղ˵ġƼѼ̲ס
˵ѿɲǺúӣ֪϶ԸϾˣ㻹ǴӦɡŷȰ⡣
ƼѼѿҪ޳ˣûɣԼ˵ֻǿЦģҾǱϷˣҲûбҪ޸ǰһɣ
磬˳ҩ˰ɣƼѼ̲ס˵һ䡣
仰ԯݺЦˣ˵˵һ仰ˣһ˳ҩˣ˵ɣʲô
ŷӣɫҲ˻ƼѼһۣ˵㵱һµıڡ
˭ԯݺʵ
ұáŷָָƼѼѣԯݺüͷ
Ǳˣ϶ͷǻƼѼȴĸоܲãЩ鷳ЩӦ
Ҵ̵ֶŮ㲻ҵ棬ҲҪڴ̵ϣѾͷһµıڡŷɫ˵
ŷ糶Լ̣ԯݺûԥ˵ͷ˵û⣬ҴӦ
УҲӦƼѼѼҷԣЦ˿һԼᱻ
СûȨ¾ôˡŷ翴ûпƼѼѣֱŰ档
УҵɡƼѼѻġ
þòдһôŷûƼѼѣ˵һ
ԯݺ۾Ȼݺݵĵ˵ͷҲܵŷǿˣҲͬ˾磬ԯݺҲ֪֮䵽˭˭͡


439 ʤ
뵺һƬưܣС䣬ǳƶ
ŷԯݺᣬҵһ˵ĵطʼս
磬ᴩءǳɱһ𣬷֣Ŵս¡¡ض·ڲ
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̫ǿˣעҪߣɨ졣
ںһŷɨȥԯݺŲĽ⣬ǿƵ˼㡣
ŷɫأҵ˫ֻתڰͬɱȥǿϣضڲ
ײһǻѪȻ˻ȥ
ÿһǵĽµĵ涼ըһ˲飬촷ۡ
սⰺȻʩֶΣԷȥ
սһǿ˼㣬ͣײһضըˣл䣬˱ɫϽ˹ȥ
ŷֻۣأˣԼһ˿
ԯݺ᳤Х貣һβһӰ֣òȻԼ
Ի쳣ǿ󣬽Լ飬Լ
ŷڷ趯⾳һִݻصܣԯݺ壬΢Ĳһ¡
ɫ¶һĨִ˵е⣬ŷ羹ȻҲˡ
ԯݺɫƽԷ˹ȥ
ѣһ˲䣬綼·ֹˣֻ˴ڡʣԻ
һ죬˵ʮɣǰɷΧڣȫ飬涼ȥһ㡣
ײĽŷԯݺ΢ûټ֡
һսʤҪԾȥֻսˣȻԸ⡣ʶڣǹϵѾı䣬˵֮ٽԾ
ǿ󡣡
һ̾𣬲֣ܶվ˲ԶɫдһĨ̾
ŷԯݺһæת˹ȥǲ֮ܶ󣬹ŷһԯݺɫ𺳣֮УȻϢĿˣȻ
˭ԯݺʵ
ý䱸һҪǷֶסɡŷӣЦ˵
ԷƱǲܶȷʵʵԷ̫ǿˣҲˡ
ʲôԯݺᾪˣŷĸ߰ǷǳģԷȻɵеİȴڹŷ羹ȻϣԼ˶򲻹ǰˣԷʲôӵĴڣ
ܶЦЦûз񶨹ŷĻ
Ц˵ֻǸоԲû뵽Ȼܿ棬̫ˡ
𣿵Ǹ˵һսѵͲ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ܶ˹ŷһۣЩȵ˵֪Ĳٰ
һŭΪգзɣϧҲܻعˡŷ̾Ϣ˵һ磬ǰڣһͷˡ
һսѣкܶ೬Ȼĸֳֹǣۿ¶Ҫˡ
ŷĻԯݺɫһȻ¶Ծɫŵ˵ʲôǡ
Ļû˵̱ˣԯݺһطһȭ
Ǹطը飬һ߳˳ڵϣûϢ
Щ겻ɢߵﶼСԯݺüͷ˵
ŷһüЩȵʵôǵ˶ˣ
ˣһѵ㣬û˵Ѫ⣬ιʳʽ񣬱ǵˡԯݺ˵
Ҳٹһѵ㣬ûбϡŷЦ˵ֻȴ䡣ڻģֹһѵ㣬Ȼµˣֻû뵽ԯݺҲһ
˵ЩҶԲܶݺܺ棬֪ҲµĶԲԣִڣţ¶ԯݺ½ĿͶڲܶϡ
ܶͷûʲôεģ˶Ѿݡ
ԯݺᵹһ׹ŷ绰е˼ˣܶҪɱǣǾоҲӲȥ
㲻ôԾҲֻ֮䣬һѣȻ£ұˡܶЦЦԵúƽת뿪οĲ˼飬һ˲ʧڹŷǵߵС
ԯݺὫĿͶŷϣ̾һ˵ҲˣԼȣ׷ɱ㻹ұ𣿡
Ϊʲôв𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ԯݺ᲻˵ˣǿ֣߳еˣûܹвڵʵǿ֮£ǹŷɨ
İɣңʲô⡣ԯݺᵭ˵˱֤
ͬŷ˵ǲϣҲҪϣԯݺֻôӦ


440 ͷʦ
ڶգŷǸͷʦ̡̤
ͷʦˣһƬȥ۵һȺʧȥϵǷŭһֲԤС
˶ˣֻаšԽͷ㣬յóһۣǳԾ
ǸвŮĽͷʦǿ൱һλ
µһȺˣھ磬ȫǿɨһ嶼ܹˣھȻȫʣ°һ˻ţȻǳʲô顣
ôǸ䣬һһ۵ѯʣɫ
û״̬̫ã񱻷˻Ǹ˻شúߵɫ˲
¶һĨЦ˵ܺãȻҶҽͷ˵ˣ˭ҪҲ٣Ǹ˿϶һ𡣡
ǣϡ
һᣬǱ鵽˰١
ϣǣڼ¡¡һᣬǸ˱棬ֻɫܲÿ
˼Ǹˣǳǽͷʦģ˭ȥɱϿڣκֻǸĽͷʦȴܹоһɳǵĺ⣬˸¡
ڴߣʮߣͬǿһۡ
ϵĻһվ˳˵ϣԸǰ
ͷʦϣǳ˽ͷʦΪǿĴڣ˰һۣ˵ͷȻ˵ɻҲһȥ
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˵ͷûж˵ʲôɻһۣüͷ΢΢壬ûж˵ʲôϽҲһȥȻǲ
¡һƵУŷڷǸвŮİЩ겻˼¡£֪ȴԼ³ʲô
ŷͷʦ˵ϳĻǹŷ类ɱҲҲˣڱߣͷʦǺܺġ
Һˡ
˵֪ŷܹ
ȥ㲻ŷ絭˵˸ǽԻ
㲻֪ͷʦжǿ󣿾ƾ㣬סңҲԼҪЦΪŷܻ
ŷ絭ЦЦÿɷ
ǿ𣿹ŷЦһ
ҹŷ극Ϣٽͷʦ˵ϳȥһɱ¾
Ҳǿߣʱٲһսŷģʹ򲻹ԷҲܹӵ
ȴһֲУоΣڱƽһֱΪ޹ء
ɫϢ˽˸ʴԡһʶһ߶ȥʶϢһմϣǿ߶ܡ
һӰͻȻ˽˸ųɫϢֹȥڰȵУŷ罫Ϣ
Ȼŷ˵סѨӴ˳ȥ
ڰУŷһֻ񣬻ʣȻһƬڰĵطӰǹһԶȥ
ŷֱԷһ˵ĵط
ˣһ˿ڣԵЩȡ
ŷ翴ԷòһߣϵϢǿ𾳽硣һˣˣɫڹŷϣһĨɱ
Ȼǽͷʦ˵ĸֻ֣ǹŷû뵽ǣ̤ǵĵһϣͱǷˣ㡣
ɱҶ֡ŷ米˫֣˵
ɫ϶̲ס˵һװƣȻһŷָ
һ磬Ҳҽͷʦ˵ĵҰҿǻòͷˡЦûŷС
Էž磬ûȡȻ֪ŷץסģǰȴΪŷԼĶ֡
ɻȴһֲͬĸоŷһ˲䣬һľĸоֱӸŷ粻򵥣ܹв
⣬򵥡ɻѰͬ⡣
߰ĿɻһۣЦ˵˾ųһߣһֻ־
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ͷʦУˣˣҲһֱѹɻû¾鷳ɻѾԹˡ
Ǽɵͷʦ˵Ĺ涨Ѿɱ˰ʱԼĻɻҲûж˵վһߣ˵
߰ĿɻһһĨЦֻȴ֪ԼĻѾɹŷ缤ŭˡ
ûйĻˣǻˣųҾʶһ£ʲôĻˡŷЦ˵ĳˡ
һֻǰһƣƣ档


441 
ɫղŲûкɻĻȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿزһ֣Ϣȫ޷ӿ
֮£ֻӲ
˫ֽӡһɫĹ˳˹ŷƵǰ
䡣
һ죬ǸɢһѪ˳˺ʮɫȻ˹ŷһҲʶŷĿֲʵио֡
һǿ꣬ս죬Ȼھ磬ȴԶ
뵽ɻ̫ǿˣһ֡
ɻ΢΢һԥŷˡһ⣬һ־Ȼгŷ綴ȥ
ֺܶģȫǵ̣ǰμ񣬿Զ塣
ŷûжܣһȭתֱӽֽˡ
ɻһɫأ˫ӡһŷֹȥħ޺дŷɫһ̵Ļ㱡
ʱһΣյĸоʱùŷѹ
ŷʶһ߳һ߶ϣȻɻ˹ȥŷһֻİ£ָڷ⣬ֲɻֹȥ
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ǵ飬ŷٶȲɻɱ˹ȥǿޱȣɻ֣ܵıƽ
䡣
һ죬ɻˣըһͷ׸ߣͷۣĿͭ壬Źŷ磬˸ɺɫĹâ
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ɻɴĿ˰һۣû˵ŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷЩ⣬Ĵ֮ɻʵԿˡ
ԷԼɱһĨЦݣȻֱӳ˹ȥ
顣
Ӳһûй⻪䣬Ǵƴŷʮֱӷ˳ȥŵڵһ
һߵİӶһɳˣƴϣȻˣδ˵ġ
ĵطǴԴݻһУһС
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Ҳ˾޴ı仯һͷŷ˹ȥ
޴һ׸ߣһѴ󵶣ŷɨȥ
ڹŷǿߣһĽͷûãֻдϵƴܶԹŷ˺
úá
ŷЦ򰬱Ķ˹ȥһֻȭͷݺݵҳ밬Ĵײһ𣬾Ȼ
еĴ󵶲һɣĶŭ𣬵ʮŷ򰬱ɱ˹ȥ
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˫ӡһصڹŷϣĻѪȣ˵Ѫ͹Ҫըһ㡣
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ͬʱתһȭɻĴӲƴһǡˣȴ׹ŷɱ˹
ͬʱĶҲŷɱ˹
߶ǿ󣬼ʹŷ綼òԴһ淭
ɫȻ˲ɱÿһȭת޾ɱˡ
һսܼңһСɽǰһɽͷƽˡ
ŷԽսԽ£ɻͰȴеֲ֧סˣɫ֣ʼ˥ߣͷԻڣҲҪķģǿҪάֲסˡ
ŷȻҲܵǵһĨЦŷչ˾ɱ
ת򰬱ɱȥУֵվûпסֱӴض
ĶֱըˣѪɡ
ɻпھҪˣŷ磬һ̤سɴ磬ɻǰֻظ֣Ҫѹ¡
ʱɻָͻȻڵϣŷˣ㲻ҪɱңҲǻ˰
ŷޱ飬ֻȴɢˡ
ɻоϲʱ򣬹ŷͻȻɫһ䣬һѪΣֱն˳ȥɻͷ­ɳɴ۾˲ʡ
ųҲˣۡŷ˵
ת뿪ƽֻһͷʬ壬ص⣬ʾһս


442 ϵľ
ɻͰˡǴ죬ͷʦ˴ɫ³һϢ
ͷʦ˴𶯣ɻͰ˭ǶǿߣͷľˣȻɱˣԷжǿе㲻
ѵǿ𣿡ʡ
ǣҸӦɻһԷһ꣬Ҳ²ⲻĻӦþǹŷ硣ϵ˵ŷһ³ڳˣɫ̲סһ䡣
˵еɷǣȻˣһɱ˽ͷʦ˵ǿߣҪսͷʦ
ڸô죿һʵҲǻˣֻɫȴЩʹɻĺѣû뵽ȴɱˡ
ڹŷ֮ǣ޲ȥŷж˿顣
һۣ˵͡
ʲô
˶Լˣȥͣôܣ
ϣΪʲôҪͣǸŷɱôˣ͵ĻǽͷʦˣԺûˡһͷʦͬ⣬˵Լ뷨
͵̧ͷһɫħ˳ǸͷʦϣǸͷʦҽһԶ
ڵϷŲҽУ忪ʼá
ҵҪҸ𣿡ϵ˵˸⣬䶼
û˸˵˶п֪ˡ
ʱ˭ҲҸǸͷʦ飬ܵǣ
ϣҴˣҲˣҰɡǸͷʦҽУôһᣬѾĿȫˡ
ڱǰЩͷʦǿ󣬵ɲĴϣȴһӤһ
ߡ
һվһ֣ǸͷʦÿʼֹͣصĳһϽ߻ľʹվϿͷϣҴˣ֪ˡ
ȥ˰ɡϵĿڡ
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κԥǸ뿪ȥϵ˺ȥˡ
ĿɨһȺˣ˵Ľǹǣȥס򲻵ѣһҪ𣬶ԷҪֵĻֻӣҪ
ǡ
ĽǸɫʹĻˣϵĻҵͷ
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뿪ڹŷ磬ص˾Ƶ꣬⿪˰ѨȻ˸ǷҪȥ˯
أЩ𾪵ʵ
뵽һֿܣȴЩţϾλ𣬹ŷҪɱˣҲ̫װɡ
ˣԺ󻹻иΪᣬңǽͷʦ˵ĲҡŷЦ˵𾪵İ߽Լķ䡣
һħһߣɱλ𣬶һַǳֱ񻰡
֪ͷˣ鷳ˣһǿɱһѡ
֮󣬹ŷ׼ȴԼ
ܵϢһĨЦġ
˽ĽǹǣŹŷ磬ɫЩ裬˵ʱ̲סһ
˿˰һۣûǽĿͶ˹ŷϡ
һͨ꣬Ƕڹŷĵһӡ󡣳㣬ûڹŷҵκŵ㡣
ãλǹŷɡĽڣܹ
Ȼ֪ŷȻΣ¹ŷһˬǻɱˡ
ɱҵģŷЦʣɫЩζĿɨˣһĨ䣬Ľǹ΢΢һ
ǣ͵ġĽϽ˵ŷᣬһŷҪǳ֣ɱˣǾͲˡ
𾪵ĵɴ۾ΪԼˣͷʦˣȻŷͣҪ
Ҫ֪ӽͷʦ˳ڣû͹еĵˣ۶ԷǿֻҪŭǣǾͻĹֱԷŻ֡
ڣȴڹŷǰˣð𾪵˼㡣
ҲԸ⡣ŷ絭˵
Ľһ࣬ͺ
ҪôŻӦǵͣĽʵɫЩţʱߵ׼
ǰ̫ˣĽΪԼȲɻͰȻ͹ŷ翪ս
һټĵرһӦ͡ŷĵ˵ȴĽǹɫ䡣
һټĵر֪ĵرһҲûŷǹΪǡ
뵽ǹ̲ס˵ŷ磬֪㲻Ҫˣǣǻģֲ񡣡
˻һĽ֪ˣԹŷԸܱô˵ǲء


443 
ŷû쭣ֻЦһĵ˵û͡
ǹŷ˵͵ˣǽͷʦˣһϣͲӦ˿ԽС
ǹɫӱ䶢ڹŷϣһĨɷ
ĽпһֲĸоǹǴɫԷ˽ͷʦڽͷʦУλߡ
ȻĽǹΪ൱֮ĵλ࣬ȴܴ
òҪڡǹ˵һֺı飬Ľһתͷߵĳ嶯
аǹǣûʲôѵ˴ϵķԸ
ҲڵģҪˡŷ¶һĨаЦһɱǹǡ
ǹɫһ飬ͻȻʶŷ粻ǡʱѾˡһѪǹϳأظʬ
ŷһѪɫĳɢųɷһΨҶϢ
Ľȶˣû뵽ŷ羹ȻԤ׵ĶˣʱҪѾˣŷϢסĽףԼֻҪҶȻúǹһĽ
٣ʲô飬ǺαضŭأһĨЦݣСŷ˵
Ҳֻ֪ǽͷʦˣмλǿߡŷ絭˵ƽ
ĽҪڣһȴ洫˹
飬Ҹɡŷüͷһ壬ſ˹ȥű򿪣һ˽
ǿ׳ƤǹͭɫģУ˳ֵʱĽͰ̲ס¶Ծɫǿʲô˼һ
ˡĽԾغ
һˣǿһѹϢһŷ磬ܴϣܵһѹԷսԳԽ
ĽĻŷоһ˼˶š
ȴûκε⣬ȻһЦȻߵߣӵС
װģԲôίˡ˵һӡ
ĽϰΪŷȴԼθڷ浶ǹɱҪ§һ𣬻ӣҲ̫ˡ
˼ҲίֻҪܻ˼ҾˡҧŴ˵һӣŷһ㱻ıɱˣ̲ס˹ȥ
ۡ
ŷ˳ǸЦЦ֪ԼİǾ׵ģ󲿷˳ϣȴں
˰죬ŷ˳ɫЩףֻһ˫ȴˣս⡣
ͷʦ˵Ҫɱҵ𣿡ŷʵսⰻȻηԷǿΣڵսȻ򲻹Ҫߣȴ׵ġ
ŷϵǣҡҡͷ˵ġ
ŷһ㶣Щס
ǰ鷳ˣǽͷʦɳģûйϵȻǽͷʦȨѾܿˣֻһ¼ҹˡ˵һĨͲġ
ǹ¼ҹˣ㻹ء˵
һЦĴһǣŷֲ㱻ˡ
ĽҲЧĽҲϽ̬֪ԼҪĻһŴõѡ
Ȩŷоһ
˵ͷȻ˵Ȩҡ
ʲôôŷһȤȱȱӡ
ʹһսͷʦԶ̤뻪ġ˿Լ
ŷоһˣȴ¾ϣһ˸ɵˣǲſϧء
ȻԷҲ֪ŷڹʲôׯص˵ħģڹŷս֮ҾԲӺ֣֮ء
ͷʦħģŵùһΥԣҪܵԵķɣĻӦġ
ŷЦˣ֣˵ҽйŷ硣
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Ľףһµŷ֣ҪΣˣͷʦˣҪ䶯
磬˳ֱӸ졣
˹ŷ⣬ɫ࣬һһµĴսϿľӪô꣬źܶңʹ³棬ҲһܹסȻĻͲᱻܿȨˡ
ڹŷ磬ԵúɣһˣĴ򲻹ʱֱתߣ˭Ҳס
ãã󺣣ûзУŷûоǱˮġΪﵽ磬ʹúУҲܹά衣


444 ɱϵ
ϣһı֣ȴûеһڹŷĸоУһǵķ˹
˵㣬е˼ŷоһ˵
ǽͷʦ˵ĵһߣѾˡ¿ڣɫء
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ŷ絭˵ûж֣ǽͷʦԸЩ⣬϶иʡķ
Ȼµ˵ͷ˫ӡһû뺣С
ͷϢֹͣסˣˮУȥ
ǰµֶΣȴû뵽гһգԸҡµɫÿȫǱŰɱ
ʮӶʮ±޳˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô鲻ʡŷ絭˵Ϊ⡣
Ѻͱѣ̫ˣûһϡĸоǷڹŷϣҲ̹ȻܣĽ϶Ǹѵˣк³
ɱһֻƵʬ壬ðΧ˹
һƬĺû뺣ˮУһᣬеʬ嶼ʧΪʬ塣
ǰ˹ŷһ֮⣬ڣһЩš
ϾҪԵģֲһȺ֮һΪǵϴҲûס
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ɫһˣȴˣŭ˼㡣
̫ҡŭһͻȻ֣ϴȥѪͬʱһͷʦԡѪըڷ
Ǹղ䰢Ǹͷʦǿ𾳽磬Ѿ޵еˡǵǺܿϧĽͷʦ˵ϴ̫ǿˣԶԶԽǸͷʦֻһ֣Է㱻ɱ߸һεġ
ŷҲ𾪣ղŸܵһţǸŵǿǿ߾Ľͷʦ̫ǿˡ
ǿˣֻǣԶڷһ󣬾ǴġͷʦϿڣɫƽǸģһгӡ
Щ֪롣֪ɱˣķѣһǿߣҪԼеһС
ǵˣҪͷʦ̫ǿˣһΣбʤİգŸѵġ
ϵı飬Ҳ֪ʲôϺƽûʶΣյٽûнС
ΪǣߵǸ꣬ȴһǱҪ˿ڣǴϵң֪Լֻһ·ߣԺǼᶨ
֪һǸ꣬ȻͷۣҲӹǵ׷ɱϵ˵۾һ⣬ɭȻ˵
˶˵ˣȴףǽͷʦ˵һת۵㣬ˣϽͷʦˣʱĶߣȨա
Ǵʧܣ²Źġһкܴһˣʹһȥͷʦ˳Աᱻϴһ顣
Σһ𶯣˭Ҳ㲻
ϲɴ⣬һɵӣȻǸ꣬˵Ǹ꣬㹻ʵ֣ԻСһĺáǸ˼˵һ㶼´Ͻ
аǴϵ֮һһһ⣬ֻЧҴϣûһ˽ģԴϾԲή
ȻĻֻЦЦ˵㲻õģа취ԯݺᣬ߰׺й٣ȻĻҪ
쳣ţֻȴû뵽˵˹ŷݡ
׺й٣֪֮󣬻ôһַӦ
˼ɱڣûκֶΣܹסǡǴݿ࣬쳣ǿƣɨ
һͷڻ֣ɢſֲɷ
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ǿ󣬿ǿߣڼǰסǵȥ·
ְɡŷµļɵ˵
ȿȣһ˳֣ʰһԼҲܣʱӰսԴֲ侲˵ûڹŷ£̳֡
˼ǣŷѯʡ
һ֣ٶȣͷɷٵº˵
ŷ֪˵еҲûжԣ˵ͷֱӳ˳ȥ


445 
Ҳų˳ȥͬǿ󣬴ǿУһͨͨɱͬ
ŷֱӰԵһȭ˳ȥɷŭһֻ޴ĻצץҪնץˡ
ȭͷͻצײһ𣬷һ죬ŷµĴعѣ΢΢һ£ͷɷˣȻѾˣǿ󣬱˶١
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ʱɱһȻҲѡӲһȭ죬ǺɷǿˣǴʱҲˣɳԶ
µһѡչԼʵ쳣ǿƣȻŷ磬ԼԲĶ֡
ڰĽѾ𾪵˼㣬֪ʵܸߣȴû뵽һҪܹϵĺɷµУȻû˿֮
ŷûͣ٣ɱ˹ȥ
ǿƣѪΣɨȥѪɫâҪնƲ񷣬˾㤡
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ܾ˵Ĵ򷨣ʹŷǿҲһʬƴκˣֻȴ¶һĨıóѵЦݡ
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ʱµĹˣͬ죬ХڣֱӺںɷϣɷҽһͻȻ顣
ȳѪÿһƬռ䣬ŷ綼һҪŻµĸоϽܿһ
ǣһоûУϾЩﱾģöġ
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¶һĨ˷ܵɫǰЦߣȥժ˱ߵͷ­
ǰȥлһϣһѲԼĳ
ŷ΢΢üüͷܿĳ²ӵģƮƮȻˣùŷЩͷҪ֪ǻûжȨɹأбҪô
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446 
ϵһЦŹŷ磬Ȼ֪Ĳɱ㣬һѡ񣬼ҽͷˣλãҸ
˻һнͷʦ¶ȵɫɱȻҪͷʦһְԵһ֮£֮ϡ
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ԷĻŷЦˣЦĺܳ
˵ĲмΪ˽ŷݡ
ϣ˵ˣӦġһ˿ûע⵽ǹŷȴĿˣһͻȻһ뷨Сܣϲˡ
ŷжģһһϲûʲôԺС
˭һ
ŷ磬Ҳǰ׺й١˵ŷݡ
ʲôٽͷʦ׺йݾġڲǻ֣Ҳ֪ĳһǿ߲ʱ¶ʧˡһǿ󴫳УڹŷǰԱûܹκ
ˣȻŵܶ˽ͷʦĬлš
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ǹȤҿø㡣˰һۣһĨᡣ
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Ӳĵˣɱġŷ翪ڣһĨЦڲñĵˡ
Цһޣ飬㲻ɱԣ
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ǵͬƹ֮ȻŷƮ˹ȥڹŷûзӦʱǵֱӽŷˡ
ŷɫоһʹǴзһеڲҽУɫһӱòҰޱȡ
ֱĻ棬Чˡ
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תˣҪĽͷʦըɱ
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ͷʦ˳ȥĸߴ󣬼¡ȻҾԲȻĻԲǰҪŷ粫ɱ
顣
ײŷˣЩȵĿһۣЦȻܵסʵĹҪԴˡ
˻һЩͷʦɫ䣬ϣ̲סɫ
ʵĹŷ磬Ȼֱ֣ʵʵжǿҲҪǿˡ
ɱ
ŷڷ趯ɱȥĿȷҪ뿪ǰսһ
һȺͷʦȫ֣Ҫɱŷ硣ҷɣʱ˱ɱڹŷС
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뵽ɫдʣҪйˡ
ŷɫ΢䣬ܵһصԼҪѹһģ壬һ˲ϰٱһһԹ

ŷ˵һֶָΣɱȴһˣڰٱ֮£˾֮ϵߣûֿܵס
ŷǿҲоԼٶ
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ʹϽ֣ǿʵ


447 
һսȫ㡣ϵ˵ڹ⣬ڹŷϡ
һɹҪŷ嵱УŷЦѪ𶯣ֱӱǹϡ
ҲʾҲ˹ȥ
нͷʦ𾪵Уŷɱ˿·硣
һʥɷϣħǿ˲һڹ֣죬ͬһ񣬽˼䡣
ǳɱһս
ŷо˾Ե·磬ϵΪԶսǿʹŷ磬ſǿߵİգҲԴӮ
ǼҲɱϽжԾǿɨʮû˸ҿǴ˵ϣͷʦܲһ˲ը飬ڷ
֮ûһطá
ǳУһƬˣ·ǿںзŹŷһŭԶȥ
һսŷܡǴҲɱŷߡ
ŹŷķɫأȻص˵ϡ
еĽͷʦɫηǿһŴϡŷǿǱȲˣܹŷߣҺˣϸǿˣЩͷʦУֱͬһ㡣
ҹͣýͷɧŹŷ磬˵ĻᡣһĨɭȻ
ŷ类ˣ˵Ĳᡣ
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ЩЩΪȽĽͷʦҲܹԹŷʩչͷùŷ˵ʱ򱻴š
ŷȷʵˣ˵úأڴƯһ󣬹ŷ򺣵׳ȥ۾һֳ֣Ȼŷںˮ룬ŨƵۼ
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ôһͷнǧͷˣ׸ÿûһӣһͷоſš
ˣ㵹ùȱһЩ顣ŷ˷ܵ뵽ֻҪõ׸飬Ͳõս˵ˣа׸飬ܹڼ̵ʱڣƾ
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һȭ죬׸ܵһǿܣ۾¶һĨɫ
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ѪȾһƬĶԽԽûϢ򺣵׳ȥ
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׸ǳǿѪ⣬϶ĺаŷɲںУЩаս


448 ɱ
ãŷҵһ㣬Ȼԥһ顣ֻиӵСȴŷоըϴˢԼ塣
ܵ˺ָܿ޾Ȼ緢Ҫŷľߡ
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Ҫŭɫģŷ˹ȥߵĽͷý飬ģǿ˼㡣
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ŷ磬Ȼ֪Ϊʲôܹ㲻ҪңĻҾҲҪһȥ̲סˣŭɢһɿ񱩵Ϣ
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ڴϾУٻħɱ˹ȥ
ûħĹŷ磬϶ѾǶˣοħ֣ùŷս
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ڹŷҪǵЩͷʦɱһɾʱһˣˣѾɱ˴ϣûбҪΪЩСˡ
Ǹޱȣը죬Яһ𾪵ϣһ㣬ȻùŷһĤݵĳ嶯ǿ뷨ŷ磬ȥ˵˵ҲӦأ
Ļһ䣬һֻγɣȻֲֻֻ״СڹŷĸоУֻ֣ȴܹһ㣬ǿĲ˼顣
ԥħ˹ȥ
Ѫɫħײһ𣬹ŷһֱӱУһ̣ŷ˳ᣬŵеĳһ
ڴ򲻹㣬͸һӰɡŷ˵ת뿪
ú󣬵һ磬Ϊʲôɱ
ʼǸûش𣬳Ĭ˺óʱ䣬Ǹ̾Ϣһǲ𡣡
ǲ֣˵ĺܼ򵥣ȴǸˣŷЩڣȷʵǲ
찲ֻЩͷʦɫЩãȻ˸ղŵȴ֪Է˭ΪʲôҪǣ


449 ĪС
ʲôˣȻôǿѵǽͷʦ˵ĵ̣ŷа뵽Էܿ£ǿ߾磬ûдǡ
ֻսޣͻΪȴıɱ
ص¡£ŷ˵ӣֱӶһŷɻƱֱӢѪ԰ͬʱҲ̵á
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ŷLDͷ⿴ۣν
⣬ڹνķνգҲ̫ðŷһɱ˵ġ
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һŮŷͿһˣԼ߳˹ȥϣȻһŮʽ
˱ˣҸղǾվס˵ġͬ۸ˣŷȻӡ
һ̤˲ٵ󣬶һ˳ȥ
ˤϣԶȻһͷײڻ棬ֱӰһ˹ȥʱǸ˲ܵ
ŷתһ¶һĨȵɫ
һƯĻŮϣһĨ̬죬ٵ˱֮󣬲¶һӡ
ǰĶǵţΧ˶һ㿴ֱۡŷ綼ЩȣһŮȻһء
ŷĿŮһۣͻȻɫһ¶һĨֵЦݡ
ߵԵٷߣŮԼİ˻鿴Ķһû٣Ůһ
ĿͶڹŷϣʱŷӦȻŷл
ԲλҸղллˡŮЩ˼ɫһ죬ŷл
лҶͬ໥ӦõġŷЦ˵Ȼ̽һ䣺λܸʲô𣿡
ŷԼ֣ŮҲûж룬ϾղǹŷԼסԼİ
ҽĪСأĪС˵ԼˣȻѯʹŷ硣
ĪСһý㣬ĪС¶԰ɣŷЦˣȻôɵ飬ŮĪС¼еˡ
ĪСһ㶣ͻȻɫһϲ˵ôʶС½ģ
˵Ľ𣿡ŷЦ˵
ĪС̲ס˹ŷһۣû˵ȻˣȻС½ôܿ㣬Ǹ߹ҵģˣһȻֲӦûһЩ
ȿȣôҲģŷ쳣
׺й٣ڻĶܱģ˭˵Լ
㳤ò񡣡ĪСЦ˵
ãŷɴ۾ӳϾ֪Էǲ
㳤ֲ˧ȻĪСЦ˵Ȼ֪ŷԼýˣÿЦŵ٩ŷ硣
У˰Сһ֦滨ѹģԵǧŮ޵˧ŷ磬ô˧ˣŷ˵ʲôԣ˵˧ԲС
ĪСһӣŷȴЦˣԽĿ˵ˣѾͷסˣԺǧҪ˵ѻ˵ѻԲǺúӣ˧
Ҹղ˵ľʵĪСЦ
ŷ磺
ֱŤͷȥ⺢̫˴ˡ
˵ˣĪСȴԸŹŷ磬òһˣԼýѣúõһ٣еԲԼ
뵽ĪСսŷ磬ڹŷ䱸УĪСЦ˵ҪҽҲ򵥣ҽ㿴ϵˣ϶ûǮĲ֤ɡ
û⣬ôŷӣЩʧЦԼæΪʲôҪǮ
ҳԶٷô򵥡һĨЦ⣬ĪС˵
û⡣
ŷ̴Ӧ
ֻһٷ飬ʱеģҹŷڲûзѪͽ͢ˣȵϣȥҡ
ĪСһᣬʱ䡣
̷Ҳ˹ݡ
ֵʱ򣬹ŷ̲סɫ΢΢Źһ¡֪Ѿͷ϶ҪԼһ٣ȴû뵽ȻĴԼôһط
һȥǵмʮɵȻ룬ŷȻһǮ˵ʲôժ¥׬ǮͿÿ춼Щˡ
ĪСЦӯӯŹŷ磬ҪùĵӡϾŷȻһᣬҪֲˣҪºܴľĵġ
̷ҲˣҲиߵ֣֮õ֡
ĪСûڹŷϿκβɫڹŷϣ˵֮⣬ǲˡ


450 Ǯ
ȥɣʲôŷ翴ĪСֵʵѾͷ˵ҪԷôͻȻˡ
ȷҪģĪСɫЩȣΪƿŵŷ磬ڿԴˣŷһӡ
Ȼˣ̷Ҳ˶ѣʲôȷȷġŷЩֵ˵ѾͷôҲǴģһС涼ûмɡ
֪ĪСûм棬ǵһ꣬ŷûǮˡֻǿ϶˵ϾЩ̫ˡ
ˣ߰ɣŮīһ㶼ýôɰŷֱһסĪСֹ
ĪСɫһڣһﾹȻ˵Լī˵ûĪС¿ɰֱǿ벻̡
д⣬һһҪܶˣùŷԱ
ңԼߡ˦ŷĸ첲ĪСˬ˵
˽ȥһ˽һᡣɫ㣬ȫϺõĻƻľ̶ɵļҾߣҿʷǽһŷȻ֮漣
ôݳޡȻŷ磬ЩˣЩҾ߾Ͳ˵ˣ֮漣Ҳֱ̫ˡ
ʹŷ磬Щ̫⣬Ҳô
һᣬһ˽ȳȣϴһĨЦݣӭĪСٴι٣֪һҪʲôأ
ҽǿˣ͵ģɡЦӯӯָָŷ磬ĪС˵
ЩĿ˹ŷһۣҪ֪ƽʱԷĪСͣʲôʱҲûмԼͬ鸶Ǯ
ĪСȻѾ˵ˣȻɵȥΪʲôŷȥЦ˵λҪԵʲôأ
Ʋˣһ顣ŷ˵
ӵɴ۾е㻳ԼˣЩ˼۸񶼹ˣҪǶһĻûиʮǿ϶ġ
ĪСҲһû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵ĻҪһòǮԼҪˡ
뵽ĪСϽ˵ôʲôֳԲ꣬ĵ˾ˡ
ŷȴҡҡͷͬ˵ҪԣȻҪԱںܶЩҲֻܿθһ᲻Ļһġ
ŷĻĪСԼˡ
Ʋ˶һ飬Ȼŷ绹ԣ
Ĳܴ󡣡Ҳ͵Ȼ׬ǮԼĺö˷ѵ
ҺܳԣҲǮͷĵϲ˰ɡŷ˰֣ȻһתٴοڵˣõľƸҿڿˡ
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Ѿ˵ˣһ뷨⣬ˡ
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ҸǮʲôŷʵ
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һۣŷԥһ̳Ƶķ˺ȻеȥŨľʱ˷䣬ĪСǵξƲմŮҲһҪһڵĳ嶯ʵ̫ˡ
˿ĿɿڴʮĽѲأޱȣôﶼȥˣһ˿»ȥ
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ٴθɵһ̳ƣŷ˵ٸʮ
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ŷֱӳһſƬȻ˵ˢ
˹ŷһۣ뿪ʱ߸żˣż̳Ӿƣ档
еʮѲأһ̳ʮλãеˣѾˡ
ݸŷ磬ϴһĨ
ղſ֣һʮڵˣôܺȲЩơ
ĪСɴ۾ѵǰһǺǮ
ŷ粻ÿɷҲóŷ粻̫Լ˵Ҳ⣬ת뿪
һᣬֲ½ŷֱӿĪСҲʾӶӡ
ᡢ¹⡢ȲɫùŷǳԵͣˬ˼㡣һļ۸һܡ
ֻܣȴûгãŸ˵ʱűƿˣһȺĳ˽
£Ƿ£أ̫ࡣ


451 ŵ
˵ʱĪС̲סɫһ䣬˲Ǳˣһ׷ߣŵLDһļĳӡ
ĪС㾹ȻҺͱһԷ׶վ˳ɫЩɭ
һͷ𷢵꣬ǸߴӢгУһ˫絶һ㣬ڹŷϡ
ĪСɫѿŭԸôҵɣŵѵ㻹Ҳɣ
ҹܲ㣬ȴԹܵסˣǸСӣȻҲ֪ʲôݣҿȷĸ㣬ǲҡŵ˵
Եúܸ߰ͬһһ㣬һԽС
LDŵļһģû˸ŵǱ۸ˣЩҲֻһǸΪҵı
ŵ㹻ˣҽѣҪǸҶҺûꡣĪСԵúĹŷܵ˺ϾĪСµѣĪС֪ԼѣΪۣܵ˺ˣ϶ԭġ
ŵһЦȻš
һĻĪСЩˣŵǳ˽⣬һӣ֪ŵԼĻ
뿪ڣŷȴŵһۣ˵û֮ǰϽȻĻҲժԴ
ŷһڲˣڿУ̬УȻûнŵСڹŷ翴Էֻһ棬ûκв
νǿ壬ǲСŷǿսԺɨһ赲˵һ壬ǲĴУҲ֮ϡ
ʵ֮ţ԰¡
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û֮ǰϽ¸ҿļͷҲһῼһŵ˵һĨľĺ⡣
ŵʲôĪСŭ֪ãŵɱ
ŵȴûпĪСϲĪСȴе鶼ҪĪСģһŵ
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Щ꣬Щ֪Ķᣬ£һٷð
뵽ŷͻȻһ˳
ŵֻоǰһڣ˷˳ȥֱӽײƣԶһĻ˶ɴ۾ֻŷһƣŵͷ˳ȥ֮ûнӴ
ŵһȺҪģһĻ֮ȴͬһˮͷϽ£ǲĴһս
ĴڣǼǿ󣬼ʹŵĸףҪԴ
ŵŷһƳ鵽棬пѪȴҷŷһ֣׶Էһʲôˣˣﲻ
ŵվתߡ
һȺ¼ŵûзʱҲȥ
ĪСĿɿڴǵһμŵԿҳԿ֮󣬻ҷ뵽ĪСŷСǣˣʵ̫ţˡ
Ҫ磬ֻһ˵ŷЦ˵Ȼһ̳ƣֱӹȥ
Ůƣζȣ䰡ŷЦĪСµɫȴЩ죬ԼŮ
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ŷֲֻ֮ƣֻȻɵİ˸Ӣ֮⣬˭ܹӵС
ĪʵϣĪСҲûпְ
Ҵ˵ٻŷЦ˵ĪСѾİϲһĪҵ¼֮Ѿϲ˹ŷ磬ŷţһμʱĪС±ΪԼŮˡ
ܲܽ̽ңĪС۾⣬Źŷ硣
ܡ
ŷܼᶨҡͷһͽܷܺѾģɲԼôۡ
ʱ׺һС棬һСŮſ棬Щ㯣ʦôңѵҵıֲãʦҪˡ
ŷȻ֪ԼĲεΪԼͽܣ㯵Լŷʦˡ
극֮󣬹ŷĪСڴϣĪСŷȥԼסضǿĽĪСǳȤ
ŷ粻ӦΪսģ۵ĪС
ϾֻһͨŮһЩˣû˿Ա
ĪСȴŹŷ磬סŷ磬һֵ˼ûС
ŷ֮£ֻܴӦֻǰУȴмĿˣҲǹŷͬԭ֮һ
뽫ĪСȥȴѾȥˡ


452 
ĪСסһԢ¥Ǻʲô䱸ĺȫĪСĻʱЩ˶ʱЦŴк
ȻĪСǵĹϵܺãÿ˿񶼳⡣磬Ǻѵõһ顣
СѾͷĲŷЦ˵
ǵȻҲ˭ĪС߰˵漴Դϱŷһ£ԼԴĶŹŷ磬һĹĵӡ
ʲôĪСûʵ
Ҫ͵ڽôˡŷԴǵ˵
У㻹˵أղŵôû뵽Ҫ͵뵽ղŹŷǿ磬ĪС̲סһۡ
ȿȣеûҪ͵óʱͳ֡ŷٺһЦ
С
ĪСӵĿ˹ŷһۣһƤġ
ĪСסһһ׼䣬ë̺ȫǺľҾߣȻİһµĸо
Զһףż㣬ŷ
ŷЩȵĿһۣ⼸㾹Ȼʳ㡣û뵽ĪСȻְãڼʳ㡣
İءŷЦ˵
ĪСЦһЦ˵ǵȻС㱾ڲͬ
ŷҡҡͷͻȻĿһһ
ĪС˳ŹŷĿ˹ȥʱɫ죬Ǳ߹һ¿㣬ôڹŷǰ
ҪĪСһϽܵԼ
Ȼ򿪷ţ˽ȥ
ŷоһͻȻӴ˳˵ǰϴһĨаЦ
ԷͻȻֵĹŷһʶľҪߡ
Ǹոת㺧Ȼķ֣ŷǵǰ
ʲôˣ˶һۣ¶һĨ𺳵ɫ
ҪˣǲǸҵ𣿻شһ⣬ǲŷ絭˵һ⡣
вǣһ˿ڣһͷطɫ䶢Źŷ磬һĨɭȻ
֪֪ʲôˣһҲڣɫȻӹŷ硣
ŷƲƲ죬м˵ֻʲô˲ģǵĵҲҪʵʵġ
ŷĻ˻һȷʵѪֻû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ۾Ϳ˳ŷĻȴţѪеˣôܲǰĶ֡
˭˵ˣȻ֪ǵݣӦףѪǿģòҪԼ鷳طѪɭȻ˵
в쳣ǿƣȻУѪǰéģǽ͢ȻѹѪʵҲ΢Ѫһ
͢ʤԮܹٻʹȻɹʲǺܸߣֻҪмɹˣŤתս֡
ѪƨLDѪϳǲŷ絭˵ȻûнѪС
ѪһۣͻȻŷ֡
˵ָױǣŷϻ˹ȥ
ССĲҲҵצӡŷЦᵯָһֱӽ˱ɳȥ
ѪѪ׷ɵʱ򣬾ͻֻշȥ
ŷޱ飬ᵯָƿշȥֻѪһ˲仯ɻҡ
ŷҲûжͣżѪ壬ȻѪע⣬ѪǸ߰Ը񣬿϶ҪΪԼͬ鸴𣬵ʱǹŷʹһսʱˡѪеǿߣͷʦ˵ǿߣֻ಻١
ŷصԢʱĪСմӷŹŷЩ졣ղųᣬĪС´һ绰ȻĪСûгϣǴĪСµУĪСȴ˳ŷԼĽ
ô֤ˣŷЦʵ
ĪСɫһ죬û뵽Լ̸Ȼȫŷˡ
˼ֻǺʲôģ֤ʵ˹ŷݣĪС׽ˣգŴ۾ʵ
ɱ˵ġŷʵش
ɶĪСɴ۾Լǲˡ
ɱ˵ģ뽫ȥֻڿѾˣǸ׶ٵļ壬ѾˣֻҪһ뿪㣬϶¡ŷ˵
ǲң׶ٵļȻǻҶ֡ĪС˵ĺܿ϶ĪҵӰܴȻ׶ټӢ׵
ǣ˵ҸղɱѪأŷ絭˵
ʲôĪС𾪵վѪַĴ̼񾭡
ħʦ㻹̫ˣղѪǣ㶼ûиӦ̫ˡŷҡҡͷĪСݡ


453 󹫾Ϯ
ʲôĪС𾪣Ϊŷ˵ݣΪ˵Ѫ档
Ѫǿ൱书еĶǿߣǿĪСڵʵܹԸһˣҪλܵĻᶼûС
뵽ĪСϽŷ˵ѪӦҵģߣҵסǡ
ĪСԵúܽţһĨ
ŷεķһۣĪСԴ
ĪСûĽŷִŵ˵ҪЦˣԷ̫ǿˣҶǶ֣ϽӣĻֻΪҵĸ
ŷɶʱȻΪˣҪǴȥЦ˵Ĵ
ƺӡŷ쳤̾
ĪС켱ˣŷô˵Լһ˫Ŀû˵ˣϽ߰ɣҪǳˣûҽ㽻
ҪǳˣҸûа취㽻İɣѪѾҽˡŷӣƵ˵
ĪСסˣΪԼ˻
ŷˣҪ֪ĪСΪǱħ֮һڣҲֻ൱ڶǿߡ
ŷȻһ㣬ȴ̫࣬䣬ܹɱλҲ̫˰ɡ
ʲôþȵģҪ뿴Ļɱһ㿴ŷû˵ĪСԼʵЩˬ

ĪС˵һǿߣҲͬ˵еһͺ
ţƴˡĪС˵
ûƣԺ֪ˣΪǸΣԻкܶණ⣬㵽Ǹ֮ˡŷЦ˵ûдϸ͡
Լ۾һ㡣
ȵСѾͷԼı֣ͻԼˣʱòŽ͡
˵ӡĪСǵùŷ̷Ҳ˹еı̶ֳ֣ȣҲܹ˵ɣΪŷ̫ǿʵ
ﳶLDĳǱȴһŭĺ
ɱ˽ܿ˺ŵǸҵǸˣǸҴѪϵˣҪǿƣһϵϢű˼ļˣдڶڵϣɪɪ
ֱϢʧЩڵϵĴڲһΡΡվ뵽ղ˵˵ķԸǲҵȥѰɱѪ֡
һ׶ٱ㱻˳ЩֱӽĿŷĪС
ɫոպȥʱ򣬹ŷ΢΢һ飬ҡҡͷ˵ˣüһ󹫾
ŷĻĪСһ㶣ɫ䣬󹫾ǿڣʦסĴڡ
뵽һסŷ磬תҪ뿪
ŷΪĪСҪ󹫾ǳġ
ĪСţ˳嵽˴ԱߣĪСȥӰֱƴ롣
һʽĪСһϽһȥ
Ӱ˽˵˷
ĪСо˵ѹ֮£ȻûУǾԵĲ࣬޷ֲ
ûзĪСĴ߶ڵҪƵѹƣʹɱǣҲҪסԼǲִеġ
Ըõģʵȴǲпġ
֮Ĳʵ̫ˣĪСαʵûа취һ¡
ŶԷԼƽĪСɫ֪Լˡ
ʱһɾ޴ͻȻӺ󱳴嵱УĪСʶһȭ˳ȥ
һֲ󹫾ȻɫֿûУ㱻˳ȥ
Ӵӵ˳ȥȻڰը飬޴ס
ĪСŵĶԼȭͷȻɱ󹫾Ҳ̫˼˰ɡ
漴ĪСתͷһЦݵĹŷ磬µ¶𾪵ɫң
ղǹԲԼģ
˹ŷ磬ûбˣĪСµǹŷԼ
˵ͷŷ˵͸˵ˣܹɱ𲻹ֻ󹫾һָͷɱء
ŷĿܴ󣬵Ǵʱ˿̣ĪСȴùŷڴţˡղѾܵŷʵȷʵǿ˲
˼ĶŹŷ磬Լ򣬵ʲôˣȻôǿ
ҾͲţû˵׺й١ŷЦ˵
֣ڷͷʢڹڣҲ϶
Ȼ׺йٵʱĪС۾ɴˣû뵽ԼݵˣȻԼĽ


454 ĺòã
찡׺йپȻҽ̫ҸˡĪСһ˵ͻȻЦ˼Ȼ˵飬һҪ˶֪Ⱥһ᲻Ľҡ
ĪСܼŷȴһ亹һֶѣòôɣ
ҿĪСӣҪˣգͷܴ𣿹ŷ֪ǿߣ϶ܶԼ֣ȴΪǻԼ
ҿðɡŷ˲ϵ亹ЩƵ˵
Ϊʲôǲ֪Լжħʦеһǵż˶ķ˿̫ˡĪС˵һģ
ŷ磺
û뵽ԼȻҲз˿ˡ
ҿĪСӣЩ˿ʮҵӣùŷ纹գһСģȴ쳣㡣
ˬˬǳˬǹŷڵĸо
ŷһı飬ĪС͵ЦЦʵڻԸһȥ𣿡
ŷ翴ĪСһۣȻϲɫУᶨҡҡͷ
ȻȥأʱЩëӡŷЦе˵˸ĪСķȥ
˯һط˯ɡŷɽҵţĪСŷӦ
ɫ䣬ų˹ȥ󺰵쵰ҵķ䣬ҳ
ҵˣҪǲĻҾ͵ѨڿվһϡŷĪСɫһ
ѨŹȻ˵֪չŷԸ񣬻ĸô
뵽ĪСݺݵһţȻһ䡣
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ģЩǲΪһжǺõģҲȻԲ
һȺŮӿ˽ŷ΢΢תͷܵ΢ʥǽ͢ˡ
ĪС˳ŹŷĿ˹ȥһȺϤˣͻȻʶãŷҽ͢鷳ģЩǽ͢һЩ³Ա
ħߣ͢ѡУ͢ǱޣĪСҲǱѡ֮һȴܲԼûн͢
ĪС֮ЩҲ¶ϲɫ˹
װҲﰡءһƷŮЦ˵˹ֻĿȴͶڹŷϣһĨ档
ߵм꣬ſĪС֮к¶ĽɫֻĪСĹŷʱɫˣһ⡣
װλǣǸƷŮʵһ档
Լļһۣ͵Ц
ѵɫҲ֪һײٲˡЩϧŹŷ磬пԿ϶ŷ϶ᱻѵˡ
ڻƷŮĸоУŷһͨˣִͨڣȻġ
ЩŵĿ˹ŷһۣĪСǿЦҵѣûʱ䣬ǿɲԼȥȥ
ĪСĻԵЩȣΪĪСˣΪȻԼ뿪
Ǵ˵еɫҪ֪ĪСõѡ


460 ĪС
㲻ǰɣҿõѣѣҲûбҪ뿪ɣ԰ɣ˧磿ĪС˵Ȼֱ
ĪСƣɫѣֻǵԼ⼸ѣ⵽ŷĴ
Ҫ֪ŷ罫͢ˣǼ˽͢ȻλߣҲǹŷĴ
ĪСɫŷ֪ʲôŷЦ˵õģҶûȤҵЩBOSS
ĪСһֻҪŷ粻ǳ־ˡ
мĿһ۹ŷ磬ĪС˵лл
֮䣬Ҫ˵лл𣿡ŷû˵Ůˣôʲô
ĪСԵЩҸĵ˵ͷҲ֪Լˡ
ܵĽ̸Ǽŭգһ̬ߵŷǰָŹŷŭСӣҪ㵥Ӯˣӵ˾뿪
ĻĪСȻŭֱվŭ㽫ҵʲôˣǻƾʲôȥģ
һ⣬ʵıƿԣͻȻʶԼһ޴ĴĪСһǻˣûʸĪСȥġ
ĪСٺһͱʾԲԭ¶Է뵽ԹŷǺ޼ˡ
ҪΪ˵ϣһ˵ĻͲҪŮ˵󡣡ֱԽĪСŷ緢ս
Ҫѵŷ磬ΪԼһӣ֤Լȹŷǿ
ŷȴûпĪС˵һӶѣҪǡŷԵúܵȻǵʵУһϰˣС
ϵƣŷΪûǸȥᡣ
ûȴñӵķŭ¶һĨЦݣԭ㲻һų򣬻Զˣսٵʱ򣬱Ϊͷڹꡣ
˻һĪСɫ䡣ͻȻһվָű˵̫ˣ׼ҵ
ŷ֣ԼˣȴĪСһˡ
ҪǸĪС̬ȣȴЩ²̨棬Դһ飬˵Ҳֻ˵һʵ
ƨʵһŮˣǿһٱĪСЦ˵г˺⡣
ĪСΪԼĹңԻΪ٣ð軪ĵĻ
Ҳվ˵ȷʵ̫ˣϽλĵǸ
ܣ˵ʵһ˶Ů˵ҲеǸıҪЦȻѾչزƹˤһĿڵ˼ûС
ž
һƳڱϣֵĪСһƽĵ˺üӶײˡ
һǾȵ˭Ҳû뵽һǻһŮˣȻᶯִˡ
ҲˣĲţԼȻԼϲŮ˴ˡ
ӦɫŭͻȻ۳һʥĪС˹ȥĪСɫ䣬ȴûһηɫ㹻㣬ʵڱ֮ϡ
ĪСҪֵʱһħӰǰ
ŷɫһָ˳ȥʥ飬һɿ񱩵ϯ˷궼˼¡
ʳǾʧ룬ȥ˭Ҳû뵽ֻǳһٷȴҪ֮֡
һѪɳԶڵϣûϢ
ɱ˱һʵ𣬳֮⣬ʮ˽ŷΧסһɱڵӡ
ûСŷ絭˵
Щһ漴ŷһ仰ȴЩɫŭ
ȫĹͷԹۣǾȻҲֻһˡ˻һڳЩɫѿ
üüͷĪС˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ĪСЦ˵һ㶼֣Ը񣬱Ӧˡ
˵ʵȴһȺ˿ŭһͨŮվ˳Ц˵ô˵ǻҪмˣ

ĪС˵
һȺ˵һǶĪСҲ˽⣬Ȼ֪˵ˣ뵽ˣЩ˶һۣһɫʵ˭
׺й١ĪС˵ŷݡ
˻һ˽Եһǰ꣬ȻǸˡ
찡ǰ׺й٣̫ˡ˫ðСǣͬɫÿһﵽıߵˣ
㲻ǣ׺йѱڵĸأôҳЦȻǸͨŮ˿ڣķ̡


461 ħߴ
˽һĨмЦݣĪС˵
ߡǸŮһûлشԹŷ粻˽⣬ֻȴǳԼжϡ
£һ˾ԲҹŷҲûгɡ
׳աĪС˵߰һŮŶԷ
Ůһ㶣ķŭ֮ǰȻĪСͬ飬ǲϲĪСĪСòŮǷǳʵġ
һֱĪСĪС˵ʲô飬ŮϰԵȥԡ
ĪСԼ׳գŮʱˣŭĪСһ׳գȥɡ
ͬ۳һʥĪС˹ȥ
ȻŮ˸ղͬ³
ŷкһٴεһָʥ飬ͨŮͬĺ󳾣ڲԶ֪
ǰҵŮˣǽ͢˵ӻ󡣡ŷ絭˵ɢһɿֲϣʮ𶯡
¶ֵɫǸܵһϵϣȫ֡һȺŮڵɪɪ
ɫȻףǰˣǸ˵еĹ٣ֻǸħˣܽѹƵز
ֻǵʱѾˣǸûŷɵʵŹǡ
Ͼŷ磬ϵĳȻǿ߶һںκδ
ɱǣһѵٲ˵ġŷĵ˵һ֣ʮ˳ȥûЩ˵С
һҽдһȺѪ鴤ڵϣܵش
ȫŷˣȻûиղŵıأҲȥͷѴ룬Ҫκãһѵ顣
ֻһɫ԰ףŷоڿһħ
ˡһԶӰ
Ϊ׵ɪӢǿһ̤һضڶǺӶ޹ˡ
ߣһλߣְԱװŷһ۱˳һ´̣ʵǿһֻǿߵľ硣
һߣһˣɫĿףʥͬһɢżǿϢ
ˣΪ۷ǿߣʹŷǣܵһѹرɪǿ󣬴ŷױȵѹ
һŷЦɫأȴ޾ˡ
Ǵ򲻹ĪС뿪ȴһ׵顣ּǿҪߣԶǿ֣߳򲻿ס
ڴʱһɸӿֲϢֱŷ߳˹
ŷɫһ֣ԼҪԽɪǿ˲ʶľҪ֣Էס
ڴʱĪСȴһʦ㣿
˻һŷһû̶֡ǵӰ嵽ĪСߣȻվ
ŷſԷòһ˵ߣùŷ羪ȵǣȻһˣʱߣȰĪС
ͽҺʦҸӦд֣һ£ǲһҪ˺㣿ָɪ˵ǸûнɪǷС
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ùŷһ˵ʲôһһˣȴΪħߣһ·նɱڰ͢ӣ룬ܾˣȻ˹סʥΪǿߣɨ
ʱеĺڰǱ¶棬һ˼ѹһʱǿƵ˼㡣
һ棬ȻĪСʦùŷˡ
ͽܵ飬㾹Ȼ˵£ɪŵʱԴ¿˰ɣ˵
ɪɫúѿԴɪλ֮󣬺˸ô˵
һ뵽ݣǿѹסеŭ˵ͽûйϵҵ
ɪָŷ磬ɫ䣬һɱ
ʦǹŷ磬ҲҵˡԼʦЩνӣĪСϽ˵
ʱˣŭģ۸ͽܣ۸Ůӽ첻һӾͲӡ
ꡣ
ŷ̲סЦ˳û뵽徹Ȼô棬仰ܹɪ
Ȼɪɫ࣬ƴҪ֡
Ҳɫһݣ˸ž⣬׼ʱս
սһڴʱŷվ˳屧ȭʦõģƾɱң϶֣һ㹻ˡ
ŷţħ֣ҲܹԱĺɪײ
ŷĻ۾һ´һŷ磬¶һĨЦݵ⺢ϲУȴɣ򲻹ٰ㡣
ŷЦŵͷɪ˹˹ָаЦ˵ɣǡ


462 սɪ
Сӣ̫ˡɫ׵ŭ˵վ˳ŷ֡
һʥգȵʥǷһûһƬռ䡣
ŷɫ䣬һȭȭͷ֮˸ŹâӲʥ
䡣
һ죬˵ˣɫڶѪڣɫǺ
Ͱ׼Ϲȣ̫Զˡŷ絭˵Էɢһɰһǿơ
ɫ࣬ŭһٴγ
ŷЦһ˳ȥָ⻪˸ٴӲһ
Էˣʥһˣɫͨ죬̲סһѪ˳ܵ˲Ĵˡ
άʿıеһ򲻹ɺʿͷ
峰˵ŹκһԴ͢Ļᡣ
ܡάŭ˸⣬ʥһ𣬾Ȼһʹ׵ĳӶάϢһ˲ǿ˼㡣
ŷɫأܵԷı仯֪άǿһιˡ
ŷ粻ҵ˫ֱԲ̫ͼֱ֣ѹȥ
άʱҲˣɱ˹ʥƵûһƬռ䣬̫ͼײһ
һ˲䣬·ѵһӰɳȥԡѪڵϣվ
âɢȥŷԭأǹһĨѪȻҲˣάȣȴǿ˲֪١
ʹ죬ǿ֮£ܹҵ˲ˣһŷ絭˵֪ǳǿ佱ϾžڵΪάΪǿˣеĲжֻҪɵӣܹó
άЦһɫЩҰܡûŷزȴάû뵽ġȻȫ˵ĴۣҲᴴ˹ŷ硣
Ҳ㡣άڣЩʧ䡣
ǿ϶ġŷ絭˵ԴдһĨױȵš
һϰɡŷ罫ĿͶɪʣµǸߣɫȻһ㶼˷С
ɪһЦվ˳˵ˣһս
󣬵ƬضڶһɿֲϣùŷһһǿߣԶԶǿڽͷʦ˵Ĵϣ϶Ƕ֡
ⲢʾŷΪ˽սġ
ְɡɪֶԹŷ磬ţŹŷܹв
ʵҲɪЩҰǿߣһݴеǿߣǿޱȣͬһУûе֡
ŷһĨаЦȻԷдԼȶ֣Ȼ
ŷƬΣԼԿƬϵ棬һƬ磬δ٣һƻ䣬ѹɪ̲סɫء
ȻСƹŷˣһֶξˣһ﷭ͲˣʹӮ˹ŷ磬ҪڹŷгԿˣȥɪҲá
һսɪҪʤһҪʤƯڻɱŷ磬û˵ŷıʵƾҲɱŷ硣
ֻѹһ˲䣬Ƭռ䶼ѷ죬ɪڵĿռ伴顣¶𾪵ɫҵֱӺƳȥ
ŷЦƬϵɪȥ
ɪٶܣ߰ɢȴȫĻ֮мɫʥɪһ˳ȥ
Ƭϵɪײһ𣬶ʱը飬ŷɳȥܿͦסٴɪɱȥ
ɪĶ֣ŷѾ뵽ˣȴ٣ԷϾǿߣɪһǿߣھܴɪԷҲͲܽӢһǿˡ
ˣ
һѪ֣죬ޱѪɪȥ
ɪɫᣬٴκһȭѪ飬ŷٴαˡ
ûнŷȴ侲Ŷ֣ʱûйɪǿʱǿйûа취˺ɪ
ŷ֣ɪȴ¶һĨЦ˵ˣֵҳˡ
˻һŷһĨĸоɪҪǶˣԻ뼫䲻ơ
ŷҪȶֻ֣ʱȴѾˣΪɪѾˡ
ŷ֣һʥ䣬ȴά֪ǿ˶١
ŷʥ£ɫأѪڣڰһնϡ
һ죬ŷˣ´عѣֻһײ㼸ľе
Ϊǿеٮٮߣɪ̫ǿˣڵܹ࿹ġ


463 ս
ֻǹŷȴԸô䣬ѹжɪǿеٮٮߣ֮һսùŷջܶࡣ
ȻҪһǰᣬǾǹŷ粻ɪɱˣһǺš
һû˵ŷ磬ɪ֣һ㣬ѹ£񱩵Ϣ𶯾ʮأǳһ˲䶼ʧȥ˹ԡ
Լ䣬һɫǿƥ
ŷڷ޷Զǰ̤ɢһ޵е⾳һ˲䣬˸ߴ˷ԪûС
ŷڷ⣬һųҵһۡ
һ̣ƾȻ¡
ɫ𾪣û뵽˵е⾳Ȼڹŷϳ֣ǿ߶δܹӵеĶ
ɱ
˴ײһ˲䣬ضˡ䣬ûһƬռ䡣
ŷ廯ɫ˻һӻг˳ԡѪܵشǿȻǿ߶ӣһУں̵ܶʱڣѹƬ
ɪҲܣȻҲɱǱȫѪ
ɪɫᣬűɱӹŷ磬ԷһߣȻشɪ̵ġ
սһʹʤˣҲˣϾ˸ͬһεģʵ̫ˡ

ɪŭ˵ɱ죬ڹŷϣҪʬһ㡣
ɱңͿûǸˡŷһĨмЦݣ˿ɪ
˲ͬ׵Ĵڣǹŷȴ˿Է
սٴαһɪָ飬ϻƽʥ죬ŷ磬ǿƵ˼㡣
ŷ粻壬ֻƬϵԿɫ㵽˼㡣
ǶսŷȻ·磬սʮ㣬ŶԷĺɱϲɪս
ǴѣȻ壬̲ס¶𾪵ɫŷı̫ˣȻסǿߣȻھԵ·磬ǿӣɪҪɱȴ׵顣
ͽܣһˣСӵǰ;о˸پ޵˽ܣǿŷزģȴǳ٣ֱ˵Ƿëǡ
һˣȻߣΪ˵еĴڡ
ĪСɫЩˣȻȫһˣȻԺ
սеȻ˶ս˿񣬹ŷȻ·磬ɪȴɱϣ
ɪ𾪵ķ֣ŷ羹ȻԽսԽµ̬ƣÿɪԼŷƵ޵ʱ򣬶ԷܻᱬԽޡ
սͻƣһͻһΣѾǺǿ˵콾ˣǹŷͻ˺üΣȻȲ󣬵ȴ㹻ˡ
ûмޣǱ޾սȥɪûеˡ
뵽һɫھֶΡһʥ֣貣һֲϢ
ڹŷĸоһڸգǿޱȣ˲һҪĤݵĳ嶯
ŷףɪĴ֮ɪһеŷ粻ҵֱٻħѪɷ𣬾춯ء
Լ䣬ħ޺֮˾֡
ǻĵһױԵޱȣһܵʥĴڣûȹŷ߶ֱһѪ⣬ʥ档
ʥһ˶¶ȵɫܹʥڰڻĵһױǰ
ɪ¶˼ɫʶУʥ޵еģǿǿ߶Ҫ
ڣħǰɪһȴں£ڲڻĵһױǰֳƵһ档
ôܣɪŭӣ⻹ôԼıѾ³ˣٿɢžɷħɪ̲סһ
ûʲôܵģɪ㻹һս𣿡ŷ˵
ɪײʱһ⣬ȴԥûг֡ӵħĹŷ磬ɪҪɱҲ̫ףҪܴĴۣʯ٣ɪ̵ġ
Ӣһ֣ػӢİȫȥˣӢĳȻ磬һѡ
뵽һǿѹŭ˵쵽Ϊֹŷ磬ϣ㲻ҪӢʲôӣȻĻʹĴۣҲҪɱ㡣
ŷɫһ䣬ֱһ
Ѫɫĵֱɪɫ
ɪһְֻ£飬ɫ䣬ڹŷϣ
ҴֻǸ㣬Ҫ־˵ҷǳϲӣֻɱҵĵˣҲֹңҲŷ绰һĨɭȻɪɫѿ


464 ɪ
ɪɫһҪ
ʱȴվ˳û˵ɪ㻹еϢ𣿺һС˰Ͳ˵ˣûдӮڻֹ˼ѰµҪٲŵӲһ
ɪһ㱻ѪȫʢʱڣδĶ֣ڸ˵ˣսذɡ
壬治Ҫɪ̲ס˵
һһ㣬һǽ̻Ǹ˵ڶˡյ˵ɪɫࡣ
ԸҲף϶޽ɣὫС
뵽ɪŭ壬Ҳ̫֣Ȼˣ»ʮԲʿʮλΧһҾͲӵõ
ɪĵڣʮԲʿǾǿ֣жٮٮߣһǿߣʮԲʿҪתܣͻ
ټһɪǳϴǿ֮ˣҪ
ԡ粽ãվɪɫ䡣
ɪҪټԼ£Χɱʱٴοˣһɱͷңʱɱͷ飬ʮԲʿҾͲԶһû䵥ʱ򡣡
вв
ɪһһûҪ̶ֳȵǿߵνʮԲʿܿͻʷ
뵽ɪɫŭǵһô
϶ݡ
ɪάǸ´һۣ˵תߡ
άͺ´̱ɫɪһȥǸ͵סŷ֡뵽תҪߡ
ˣ°ɡ
ֵĲǹŷ磬壬һְֻȥ˱飬ûУɱˡ
ŷһҲ̫˰ɣʵԳɪܺԯ޵ִ¡
뵽ŷ̲סϲһĪСͽܣĪСİȫͲõˡ
û˻ɵһ˵鷳Ͼһֲʦ˭ĪСҲҪһԼʵܹסı
Ŀ˹ŷٺһЦʦ߸֣ޱߡ
ɫŹ֣ҡҡͷû˵ˣӿɲʲôɣƨɲʹ
ŷɵۣ壬ѵ˲ɣ
ŷ羪ȵӣĪСЦ˵ʦԣϲڵӾ磬˲˶ֹʮˡ
ȿȡȻŷƤҲЩ죬˭뵽һħʦ棬Ȼһصصԡ
СӲҪΣҪ֪ϵǵ㱼Ҳ̩Ȼôһ˲áû˵
ŷɴ۾徹ȻʶԼ
Ȼ֪ŷʲôٺһЦ˵Һ㸸׵һ㽻飬Ǹһﵱ겻ҷսҺݺݵĽѵһ٣ǳźŰΪʦҶûͬġ
ŷȴţӵԸ˭ˣҪݶԷΪʦĻҲ̫˰ɣ
ʦҼǵ˵ǰһرĸ֣սȻһֻѹˣźȥʦԷҪ̫Ǹ˺ΣǹŷĸװɣĪСŹֵ˵
ŷʱˣϻԼĸףʦûгɹԹʵڴţأҪһһӡ
ܿϧһ֪֪׵ͽܣ˲ͽĻԲˡ
˵˵ʲôʱ˵ˡ崵ӵۣСѾͷ뷴û˵ˣ⻹ûм޳ȥأͿʼ첲ˣʦǰˡ
ϼһﴵӵۣȻЩҲסˡ
ˣЩСƨʲôͷˡһڣ뿪
ĪСҲûֹʦһֱûģûйʹ١ֻĪСȴ֪һΣգڵһʱ䣬ϵߡ
ʦһȤˡŷЦ˵ԸкøУԶΪǶˡ
ǣʦҺܺãֻڶԵ˵ʱ򣬲飬ǳȻ磬ǲɱˣ˾Ҫɱ⣬УһõˡĪСЦ˵
أŷЦʵ
˹ŷһۣĪС󵨵˵ϲˡ
˵֮ĪСɫЩ죬Ǻ¸ҵĺ͹ŷӣڹô꣬ڸ鷽棬ĪСǳŵÿϲҪ˵еġ


465 ׷ɱ
ҿԵǱ𣿡ŷЦʵ
˹ŷһۣĪСû˵ڣҪ𣿡
ȻǲҪŷٺһЦ§Уӵһ𣬷ļ
صסȻٲһ̳ս
ȴ֪綼ˡŷɱѪͽ͢鷳úܶӶɳˡ
LDİ׼λѾɱ͢һλʿͺ´̣Ҳڷɪˡ
ڹŷʵЩ۷׷ס
ǲɷϣΪŷĵˣܶ˵ſЦҲ͢ѪйϵʵĦȭƣҪŷ磬ֺ
͢ŭɳλʿλ´̣LDҪɱŷ硣
ѪҲһͬɳ˹
ڶգŷ绰ڣܿ˹ΪĪС˻عҲˣ˼һ󣬾ȻĪСһ뿪ˡ
ŷ磬Ҫסûеô򵥣Ѫͽ͢ĵ̣СģǧҪǵĴӪŷ磬ɫ쳣֣ء
ŷͷʾԼס
͢Ѫ壬ΪͷⲻûԭģǵۺصĴڣ˵ħ
Ĵһ㻹УҪǣԲܣǹŷܳԽǿߣһ˿ܡ
ŷLD֪ˣһս
һŷھƵĴϣޱ飬ܵڿٽӽʮϢŷ쳣ƽ
䡣
һ죬ʥŷӣһƳ˳ȥ
ʥⱻ飬ŷתٴδһȭ
Ϯɱ
ŷһȭֱӴӴɱ˳ȥ
󣬸Ӱ׷ɱȥ
ŷһܵʮڰ׹˹ǿޱȣնˡ
ŷ糤Хħ˳ȥ
䣡
춯صĴըŷɳȥʮλǿߵһħԭ򣬹ŷ͵ס
û˿ԥתߣٶȿ쵽˼㡣
ŷţҲΪԼܻɱʮǿߣЩˣÿڰ׼м˺ǿ󣬳Խǡ
ʮӰ׷ȥڹͺڰȴγĬҪɱŷ硣
ʥһйŷ磬ŷһħͷһ⣬Էɱȥ
һ´óһɫ׳棬дʣһʥӼ׳䣬ŷĵ顣
ѪɫᣬͻȻóһѴ󵶣ŷ˹ȥ
ŷëֱҪըˣһѪǿ󡣾ڴʱħգǵأһѪ⣬ǰѴײһ
󵶱ϾȻƣȻħ
Сӣֻܰ㵽ˣǸСûа취ˣҪ˯УҿһӡʱҲħùŷгһ
ףħΪضԷľڻԼսˡڽ͢ʥŷҲѾ֪ǱȻʥ׳棬͢Ƚʥ֮һ
ѪоǰѴ󵶲ǱĶѪʮʥ֮һȻһ㱻ˣǷŭ˼㡣

ŷɱ
ŷҲսתߣɲ뱻ʮǿΧסĻǱĽ֡
Ȼ磬һֱڹעһվŷˣһ·˶Ϊŷˡ
ȻǿҲӵùʮǿߵ׷ɱǿߣֿܡ
ȴˣŷȻǿߣܹɪһսʵѾĴﵽǿߵĳ̶ȡ
ŷҲ֪Լ˶ãһɽУʱ˶Էľ
ŷϢʮǿ׷ɱʱ򣬱ѣɱһˡȻˣŷҲûиۣܵشһ㱻Χס
͢ǿ߷ŭѪֻ϶ͷʧһλȻǳˡ
ǾЦŷʼʩϮɱһλǽһλشһɱ
ΪˣŷҲ˴ۣһλУƸˡ
ǹŷվ˳ȥʣµʮλǿ߱ŭһѪ׷ɱ˹ŷ죬ȻûǽɱԼһɱˡ
һܴ裬ֻѪϴˢ
αˣѾŲ̫ˣֻҪˣܿܽɱ͢ǿ߿ڡ
ʣλɫȴҲͷԹŷƣһ㳬ȻǿߵϣѾûս֮ıֺܾˣǿԿ϶ŷŲ˶á


466 ׷ɱ
׷ɱ˶ڹע
׷ɱ죬ŷٴγ֣ɱһλȻ˳ȥٴܵˣ˴
Ѫ屩ŭֵֻ͢Ѫ˵һСĴ
죬һλѪɱΪŷߵʱ˭֪ŷȴһ´̡
ħɨǸ´̱롣
ʮǿ׷ɱŷ磬ȴɱλˡ˶ʶҲ鲻Լеô򵥣Ҫŷһ׵顣
ʣµǿߣľսǱбʤİգڿȴԵ쳣Цŷ̫ǿˣÿζ˴Ǻֻ֣ܿɱǵͬ顣ʣµ߸𼶱ǿ⣬ԷһСǿǸɱ˹ŷ硣
͢ѪҲǳˡ
Ȼ̶Ŀɿڴһŷ磬Ȼͷ޿κΣҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ʮλڻҪˣͷǶˡ
Ǹŷ˼һ档һؾһЦ˵ĿԶԶܹռʱһ㡣
һսû뵽ľȻжˡһطˣһ꿪ڣҷ磬۾ȴˣߣһͷȻȻ˵еľ
֪콾Ŀⶢ˹ŷ磬Ҫһս
ŷȴ֪Щڷ׷ɱʱ䣬λɱĻʣλѪȫնֻʣ½͢ǿߡ
һˣʥ׳ĺ´̣һһʿֻǵɫȴЩס
֪ж೤ʱ䣬ûиܵԼôԼǰ꣬ǿЦһ
ŷ磬֪ħδܹסʥ׳棬㲻Ҫ󡣡Ǹ´̴ӹŷΪУ²⵽޷ħȫ
ȻĻԹŷʵѻĵһױʮҲֻܰ׸ǹŷĶ֡
µĺܶԣ޷ȫʵŷƽȾѪվɫ쳣԰ס
һ״̬µĹŷ磬ȴɱʮλǿߣڸǶסǵȥ·
ǣ̶ֳȵħɱǣȴѾ㹻ˡŷ絭˵һĨ⣬ͻȻ˳ˡ
Ǹ´ɫ䣬ʥ׳ʥסŷĹ
Ȼٴμһŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷûӲӣ˹ȥһʣǸʿɱȥ
ʿʧɫ֪ԼǹŷĶ֣ʱȴɲѡһȫʥһ㣬ŷȥ
ŷЦӶħɨԷ
ʥƿħʿϣɳȥڷûʥ֣ǿ֮£ûܵסŷĻɱ
Ǹ´ɫײҲʼƴˡ
ʥ׳һһŷɱȥһɿֲŷ磬Ͷܲˡ
ŷɫһ䣬ȻܲˣͲٶܡ
ħѪ⣬ŷֳħǰȥЩʥ飬ŷҲǻһѪ˳ħǺվӲȫܣǹŷʵǸ´̣˯ɱ˭һδ֪
һ˶ǻԡѪŷɫӲ԰ˡ
еս⣬ȴǿʢһһԷ˹ȥ
´вҲǿ󣬵վս鲻࣬Թŷַɱľͷбܵη塣
ŷٴγ֣۵Ѫⱬħ䣬ⳤϰɣҪɱ֡
´ҲƴˣʥǲҪǮһʥ׳浱Уʥ׳򵶹ȥ
ײһᣬһ춯صľ죬ŷɳȥ
´̻ˣŷٴγ˹سɴ磬´̵Ľǰһ䡣
´̴ʧɫϽʥ׳Լǰ
ŷٴαɳȥԡѪȴ̳˻ٴһ
ʥ׳ͻȻײЩܲסˣǿʹʵ̫ˣʹħûг׽⣬Ҫһֱȥʥ׳Ҳܵˡ
ʥ飬жϣӺ´̵г𣬻һ׹ʧؼ䡣
´ɵˣû뵽ؼʱ̣ʥ׳澹ȻԼ
ۼŷһ䣬һ
Ѫŷûһ´ɱһУŷЦ˼ŲЩԣ뿪
ʮλȫ𣬵Ϣȥ֮󣬽͢Ѫ嶼ʧˡȻѾŷƵĺܸˣҲû뵽ʥˣһʧ
ҪսǱսһҪɱǲġŷƾվ˳Լ


467 ʥ
绩ȻȽ͢Ѫư磬Ѿ֪жˣδľ
˶²⣬Ȼһ͢Ѫ岻ܷ䣬ڹŷǿ磬Ȱս
ʱһϢȴ˳
ڷһɽУʥǽ͢ʥһ𶯣һɷ粨ϯ硣
͢ʥǿޱȣ˭˶۲ŷ͢Ѫ֮ˣ̱ûȥе̸ۣΧʥ档
ŷüͷ΢΢üЩԣʱ򣬽͢ʥԵЩ̫ɺˣ˿Ϊ֮
Ҫҹȥ𣿡ŷЦֱӶ
ųĹȣӵԣȵʱ򣬹ŷȴ̲סƲ졣
·ʮˣоŸڼ̵ʱڣͲͬϹһȽϸɾģǳ̫󣬾һܡ
һõĹȣȴƳ磬ŷЩˡ
Щ޹أһСʥĵط̫Զ
ûмڴϣ˿¶𾪵ɫȻ˱ᡣҲѪͽ͢е˷ֹŷ磬޵ɫȴŷ綯֡
ǹŷ磿
һһŮ˵ǻ̫׼
ŷ翴͸Ůӵɫĳϴһֶеķ飬ȴʧ崿һǰһĸо
һۣŷתĿ⣬ֱǰȥ
ֱڣŷ绹ûҵŵĵطСľƵ꼸ѾȫˣٲȥҵĻҪ¶޽ͷˡ
򿴵ŷ粻ԼС̲סΪһָĴĴС㣬ûִܵ
뵽ǰ˵ݣеŭʱɢˣĻǲء
뵽׷ȥȻڹŷǰ
ŷüüͷ֪СŮҪʲôڰϣŷܹоϢһĸ߹ʾŶԷĲ
Ҫʲôŷ絭˵ûһ顣
Ҫսģ椣ĻһСŮŷûзŹɡ
Ҫ֪ŷǣӵŮŮȻѾӵгΪŷŵʸ
ЦúŹŷ磬˵ҪΪʦ
ʲôŷԼǲˣҪŮ˵Լ鷳Ǿú˵Ϊʦŷеתˡ
ûҲû˵ҪΪʦЦ˵µСϴСѣԵ쳣ÿ
ȿȣҲӦŷҡͷЦСŮӦţͽܡ
Сĵ˵۸ҡ
ŷ纹գͽ۸˭ҳĽŮ߼Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɡ
ŷ˸ŹĹâЦ֪ʲô۸𣿡
СŮһ֪ΪʲôͻȻһֲõԤС
ҡҡͷܵģʼǰڻЦļһˡ
ڹŷǰƾͷסŷͻȻһһѱס򣬴ָסأݺݵһѡ
ظڰĶߣЦ˵Ž۸
ɫͨ죬ŷĻȻһŷȥ
ŷһ㹻ҪĲλǱȽϴģŷϽ㿪ڶ㿪֮ǰŷСزһѡ
ǵʮ㣬ŷ绵Ц˵
Ҳ̲סɬ۾ȫˮ޺޵õ˹ŷһۣҲùŷΪͽĻˣᣬתܿ
ŷʼ磬û˵СѾͷһͣóУԵ쳣΢
ҲǸŷ繻뺷ģǸСħŮǡ
군ˣħŮ϶ŹģŷȻδǴħŮĶ֡
кϷˣŷҪԴˡ
һȺ۷׷ףΪŷҪԿˡ
ŷǵ̸ۣһѵпɽɣЩ˵˼ԷһԼǿߣڶԷۣ֮ϡ
⵹ùŷȤͬ콾һǿӵĶкô콾ĶԾܶණɳ
òҵһҾƵ꣬λƫֻһȽϲķ䣬ŷ㽫䶩ֻǵҪǮʱȴסˡ
ҪˣԹˡһܴ׳ĺˣ˵һĿ˵̬
ǿɵһĿźˣһԴ¿𣿾ȻɷԼ


468 ׷
ŷ絭˵
˵أ˺ǿƣȻ˿޾ŷв
ŷһ䣬ͻȻһȭ˳ȥɫһͬһȭ˵ȭͷײŷ΢΢һΣʮɫͨ졣
˳Ծ˭Ҳ벻ĺˣȻܵסŷһҪ֪ŷȵսǿߣ˾ȻܵסĹѵҲһǿߣ
뵽˿˵񶼱ˡ
ȻΪնɱʮλĻǿߣһȭҿˣܲȻˣȴ¶һڰЦ˵
˵˳ʱΧе˶һ
˾ѪȱǸ˵ʹѵǸҲѾˣ
кϷˣһԤУǸΪ˹ŷ
콾棬֪˭ʤ˭ܣǸѾӦԶڹŷ֮ϡ
һȺ۷׷ףߵȡ
׳աŷ絭Ŀ˿һۣ³֡
üͷ΢΢һ壬չЦ˵ԺҲͬţҾͲƽϸղҵĻҪΪʹӣл
쳣߰Źŷ磬ǹŷܵʲôĶһ
ŷӣЩ˼顣ȻҪΪʹӣԷԴᱻ¿˰ɡ
ŷ粢ûκ֮ģܹÿǿΪˣԷԵĲ
뵽ŷЦˣ˵Ҳһս裬˱ȽϺʣϽ˳
˵ʲôɫ䣬УԼϣŷ羹ȻԲġ
ҲȻ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼôǿƣںô˵ǿŷֱ
ĪҪԴҪ֪죬ˣɨ£ΪˣҫɭȻ˵
ȥӣҵսһҫؽҫ棬ǧܴŷԡ
ɫŭҪԹŷһۣ˵ŷڵģȵٵʱ򣬱Ȼһ㣬֮仹û˸Υء
ӣŷ糰˵˼ˡǾңϽҪҵ߷ңȻĻҲҵսѵһ١
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ɫ΢䣬¶ŭɫɭȻ˵
֪ôŷ絭˵һ˳ȥָ˸ȷ˳ȥ
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ʱڹŷǰȴֽһһƳɳȥ
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ȾѪͷ˺ü־Źŷ磬ɫǲ˼顣
ĺǿԲĶ֣ŷ磬Ϊˣ㽫ӵҫ˵ŷԽǿԽùŷԽʸΪ˵ˡ
ޣʲôܹʲôҫŷ磬׷ҼС㣬պȻΪϴڡһŮ֣ͷɫͷ
ò£ȣЯһʥ˵ģ࣬ͱȿ˲١
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ǲŮСһŮϾôƯŮΪū澣ȻҪӵԶŮòС
ҾԷǳŮŷҲû˵ܷڣ޽ɡ
Ůüͷһ壬ԵЩŭŷŭ̫ˣҼСŮȾָġ
쳣߰˵ĲС㣬һ
˶˵شԣҲôҲûӣŮôˣ󲻻Ҫѹ£СҪһϹšŷƲƲ죬ĺϬ
Ůŭһŷȥ
һǿϢùŷ羪ȵǣŮǿ󣬾Ȼ𾳽硣
뷴һһ𣺡˿ס֡
˻һŮʱֹס˶һһɴŮ˳һɫȹ˹󲻿ԣһһһ־飬Ŀѣԣȴû˸κ֮ģŮˣ˵һŮˣ˵һŮ񣬸߲ˣֻ
ʹŷ˾ɫҲһ˲֪Ů˾֮£Ǻε֮ò


469 
С㣬˶㲻˿С죬ˬ˵
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Ůӵ̬ȣ˾ȣǶѾϳŮӵݣһˣųתһЩǿ߶Ըǡ
һûСһѾͷƽϣŮʶһ£ʲô֣ŷЦʵ
ŷ̬ȣΧ˵һֿŮ˵Ǵ󲻾ܿҪֲܵĴ
ϵǣŮӲû˵ҽŵȡ
ŵȣһŷɫ졣һŮӣЩȵ˵ĳƺţͷС
ߣҼС㱾ŵתȻš˿Ц
ŵת𣿡ŷ緭һۡ
ٵȻ񻰣ת飬ٵļУһ𣿡ŵЦ˵
ŷ粢⣬ʥҮתĶӣⲢһܡ
˵ʲôƨʥ𣿷ģӳĴת䣬һüʧģҵĶӣֻҵĶӡŷ絭˵
ΪҽżҵĴˣеֶ䡣
ŵЩȣĿ˹ŷһۣ̾ٺǡ
Ҫ֪ӵת䣬ŷ罫ӵһ˶ӣҮյͨԲͣжǶġ
ǹŷ磬ȴԸһĶӣҲҪһˣһִǡ
ûʲôǲǵģҹżһǲˡŷȻ˵ȻΪħΣҽżңžޣκˡ
ҽżңˣǹŷҲһʵ˭Ҳ޷
ξ£ɨ޶֣ɱ칬¾ǿߣѪˮϲ񷣬ؼһƬѪɫǿƺɨħǿߣһƵӡУȥԷ
׷ݣżдˣûһ֮
һɼ壬һֲĴУκˣȻħδǵǱ
֮ͷ̫ʢϾδߣЩ˻ǲҪǵıȽϺãˣһֲܿĴڡŵѵ
ŷȴףԷڼ֣Ը
֪ɽлƫɽУŷһЦм˵˭
˹ŵѽһ⡣
ŷЦˣŵȣЦ˵ԭνսֻҲ׵ǣͰ˹һˣΪʲôҪɱʹӣ
˹ǸɫǣôС㲢Уߡ˿̲ס˵һ䣬ŷʱףԭ˹ڴŵȵ⡣
ֻһ˵˹ŵȶ˹ĶŮȻŵȵ⣬һĹ̬ġ
Ȼ˹ŷ뷨ŵȿЦҲֻתԭ򣬵ѾûԣǸطѾˣûٴȥıҪ
ǰƥ˹ɽ׵ǸطҲšŷͻȻ뵽һ⣬̲סʵ
ҵƥ˹ɽҲܹ齻֡
һת˹ŷһۣŵҡҡͷ˵ʱ֪ͻƵǿߣʵҲʸ֪
ŵȵĻŷЩľǿ߲ʸ֪ƥ˹ɽȺνϣ飬жǿ
ŷȴˣŵ˵ʵָͨǿߡ
ŷ磬ҹڹŷͷ˼ʱһȴЩơ
е㻳ɣԼǲǽ첻˳ţôô鷳Լ
˿һۣŷٴγһƣȻĽǿ߳˹ȥȻȥ
һ߳ţһ󽣾˹
ŷüͷ壬Ȼָ󽣱ɡ
Է˺üʱ򣬹ŷſˣһͷɫͷ꣬ʱݺݵĶŹŷ磬ԶһŮͬͷԾŹŷ磬ʵû뵽Լм޵еĸ磬ȻǹŷĶ֡
һˣŷʱ˷ʲô飬Щİ˰֣ʾ뿪
ߣŷ磬ϷҵãҰԲŹġ꿪ڣڣȻ֪ԼǹŷĶ֣ȴȻ
壬ڷһָĴ壬ֻ۸˵ģûб۸οǼŮ˱ռ˱ˡ
ԼñϷ֮Ҳûͳ˹ʹԷһֲܿǿߣҲҪѵԷ
ȿȣ㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ˵
֪ţֻҪ޵еģһܴӮ㣬Ұǲܵģ޵СΪԼĴ
һ߿ü˷ܣƵ䡣
ƺӡŷһƳȥ
ڽİһ˳ȥȻһ˹ȥȻν޵Уûвʲôá


470 Ѿ
ɵˣû뵽Լһֱ޵еĸ磬Ȼסŷһơ
ŷ罫ĿͶԼһСܲתܡ
ܣһŷЦһֻץ㽫СѾͷץ˻һӣŷȴΪ
ӽҵСѾߣźҳԷź˯ŷ絭˵
СѾͷʱ롣
ɫģɬǱãŷкЦѾͷȻûʶԼĴ
Ϊ⣬ΪޣԼз𣿡ŷ̲סһۡ
СѾͷɵסˣʶڵԼûзأ뵽ԼһɫǵУᷢʲô飬СѾͷ
뵽ڹŷŹֵУͻȻ˱죬۵һ˳
ŷ̲סһۣŮһЧûСΧ˿ɫ죬ŷ絭˵ʲôԶ㡣
һƱƳЩΧ۵һľϽɢ
ɵˣ뿿ſ޲ȡͬ飬Ӣ۾ڿûãŷ̫ǿˣû˴ùͷ
뵽СѾͷĿˣ޵ĺģ滨꣬Ҽ
٣αΪһСŮһ棬ɡһŵȴù˳ŷ˵
ŷ翴ŵһۣͻȻɫһ˵㻹ûôӡ
һƬž˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻͻȻŵȷ˶ɢǿ߶Ծʱ꼰㡣
ŷǿ󣬿ǿߣŵȸأ˵Ϊƥ˹ɽŮתĪ⣬ȻǿߣǣǴսһʤԡ
ҶҼС㲻˿ŭǳ⡣
ŷ翴ûпѾͷֻһūͣϸ˵ûкԻʸ
ŵƽշһЦߡ
˿˼ĶԼС㣬⻹һãȻǿߣȻ԰˹ǸսҲûùڣȴڹŷˡ
˿Źŷ磬˵ʲôħȻһ㡣
жٲ⣬˿ожôĲ˼飬ŵȷʵȴˣûŷ緢ײòһͬʱҲЩʧǿԲܹġ
ŵ뿪ˣŷǱԼġСŮ͡صԼķ䡣䲻ǺܺãֻһŴԡҡ
ŷ򿪵ӣôڴϡ
ŷûעԼţҪӳȥ
߳ʱ򣬹ŷ㴫˹ҪǸҴţ̰ѹӳȥ
һ£뵽Ǹɫס
һ쵰˵
ɣһһ֪ʲô쵰ġŷƵ˵
Ժ˲һµĳʱͣǰˣоһħ뼤ŭ
ԼеĳϽԼֻǵоȳȥ
ŷǿ͸СŮ˼Цˣ˶Ȳ㡣
ɫǣ쵰ⱨӦġ̲ס˳
ŷüëһͻȻааһЦһְķɵ˴ϣŷ緭ѹ£аЦղ˵ʲôû
һȵϢڰϣ
ҪʲôЩŵ˵
СѾͷʹܴûӣڷν֮ĿȾ֮£ĳ黹Ǻġ
йŮһңɲһ˵ҪʲôŷЦʵ
СѾͷëȻĸоȻ֪ŷҪʲôоһӲӲĶԼ֮䣬
ԼҹʲôӵģȴûԼᱻǿж߳ҹϾĳܷ
ڣһмܵ˵֪Լº⡣
СѾͷһɫŷпЦֻŶԷȴû뵽ԼСֵܾȻ˲һӴԷѾӲͦһ
֪ôʱһŭŷ磬ϽҼС㡣
һŭ𣬹ŷЦˣҵ̨׵ˡ
ϲİ򣬹ŷһסȻɫ߳䡣棬վŭŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ûгʲô飬һ
ŷ磬ϽС㡣һ߿ڣһ㶼
һȴĴ˹ŷһۣͻȻ¶һĨ΢Ц٣ȻҲ֪ǼСˣǻдһΣϾֻһӡ


471 ʿ
仰˵ÿɲ߰ŷ粻ݣһӳ֡
Թŷڵĵλ֣ȷʵеԴСĳɷ֡ϾѾǿߣ˵ĲѾһǸΣܶһĪһ߶ȣӦΪһСŮŶԡ
ŷȴһں׿ˣʼ磬˵үҲŶʮ꣬ѾͷҲʮ߰ˣǺӣʲô
仰ʵƿԣû뵽ŷ羹ȻϲҲˣ˵ŷͰͬˣ㲻ԴС
ݣǲ֪ıǲǺһһ߿ڣ˸ž⣬ȻжֵĴ㡣
ÿˣŹŷսģһߣܿѾǾˣοɱ𣬿ǿߣбضè塣
ܶ˲ŹŷսЩԾԾԣҪ̽ûдевҪŷΪԼһƬ졣
ҲǲŹŷս֮һǰڹŷУѾˡ
ԣŷаЦ˵һ֪ΪʲôһֲõԤС
Ҫ˵Щʲôʱ򣬹ŷͻȻǵصƣֱ˵ϣǻ˺öಽ
ɫɷףֵĶŹŷ磬ǿߣǿߵƣҲô׵Ľѹƣǹŷ쵽ˡ
˸оɽϣصǴ
ʱǶڹŷʵҲɣԷǿ󣬿ǿߣǾԲǶ֡
뵽⡣
СǺҪǵҲҪ˶ǼеľսǱɱʵ½ܶ࣬ʱ»нѷ
뵽ǾҪ뿪
վסŷȴסǡ
תĶŹŷ磬֪Ҫʲô
ߣѾͷ̫ˣҿŷθҵѾ߲ʸ񡣡ŷ˵ǻԼˡ
Ҫ֪򣬿貵һŵ飬ȻͲȴżڵòBLŵġ
ڣȴŷ˵ԼѾ߶ûʸðŭ졣
뷢ŷȴһۣ˵Ҫǻ뵱ҵѾߣԷҸղŵĻ
ӲڵĻ˻ȥݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһò˵ˣŷ绹ǵһ
ΪԼ룬һĻǺʶʱġ
߷Ӧʱ¶ϲɫܹѡȻ͹ŷ콾ײ
˽ߣŷҲһ˷䡣
ڴ˯һҹĻ٣һ춯صĲʱŷ羪ˡ
ߵǰ棬Զȥ
ӰУŴײͲ󣬵ȴǿȻǿҲˡ
һҷ磬ǿһȭ֮綼һˣɫսףһѳǹͣĶȥԷսһ飬ʮսݡ
찡Ǹ̫ˣ֪ʲôҪ֪Ǹ񽫿ǰ˹µڶǿߣǸ꾹Ȼܺɱ£̫ˡ
һƽѾǿ߳콾ǿеˡ
ȻһƬȷѪ꣬ǿ˿¶˵ܱȫԼҪˡ
Ȼо콾ɨ谭ߣֻȻʧɫΪģǲ֪Ǹ˭ˣ
˶ۣŷ۾ɫƽ
УޱȣǿӲԷǹ֮䲻£ǹŷȴܵڣһɰûбһֱûжȫ
Ǹ񽫣Ѿ˼սǿ󣬹âɣĽȴȻճΪپߵĵʯ
䡣
վڱˣһͷ£ڷ⣬һ
񱩵ǵأ£ӵֲ졣
񽫴𣬲ʵıȴ׵ѹסȻ죬Ҳס˵¡
ս죬ɿһǿߣУȴѹܵһͿ
У񽫲ûܵشֻһ˫ȴ˲ʣϵ꣬ս⡣
ӽԺûʸҵĶ֣һӳְɡ국Ŀڣһ֣һͷ£ԼıϣȻԶȥ죬Ǵ˵еʿֲôǿ󡣡˾ʿ˵ѾĥʷеĴڣȻڽˣǻ˰˹µڶսǿƵ˼㡣
ŷ翴һĻһĨаЦ磬ԽԽ˼ˡ


472 
תֳһʿ磬ԽԽʣŷţʱƣҲصĴڳ֡
һʥ٣˵һûᣬܹһЩǿ档õΪ
ϣûе֣Ǹʿ꣬ŵȺͰ˹ǾУο칬֮ϵʮ֣Ѫһˣùŷֻܷ׷ˡ
ŷ޾壬վһ죬Լ£ߣɨе֡
żҵѪ޵еģ־޵еģԼܡ
ڴϣŷɣ⻪תӿڡܶ˸оһ㣬ȴ˿˭ܸܵһֳǿǡ
һֱڶ峿ŷչ𣬻Ϣӳˡ
ŷڵΪھڣҪ۷徳磬ʱսɱ
˱ݣҵһݣŷ˽ȥ˺ܶ࣬ʿǿ߶ھ硣
ŷ˽ȥʶ⣬ûʲôǿߣȻĻǾߣ˵ע⡣
ҪһԵģŷ̸ۡ
֪𣿽ˡһ˿ڣ˵һϢʱеע˹ȥ
ܣǰ˹׷ߣұʵǿȻսܣҪɱҲһܹģ㲻Ҫ˵˷ŶԷĻ
񽫵ǿĿãͷȻ͢ʵҲð֮踣նɱһﰢ˹һ޴鷳
ûк˵ڻԼס·ϣһָͷ­һ㷴ûУܶ˶֪ˣǲſʡǸ˵˱һĵı顣
Ļһ䣬ʱмվ˳֤ʵĻ
ӷеĬǿڣȻɱˣ˭֣
⣬ʼ˵Ǹ֧֧ᣬЩ˸Ȼ֪һʲôȴ˵
˵ɣʲô˵ġ˴ߴ١
Ǹһҧ˼ľģҧ˵ȻҾ˵ˣҲ֪ǲġ
˭˵
ʿˮǸ˵˵ǹŷڽ񽫻ȥ·ϣ͵ϮŽһɱģ˵ԼһӰȥϡǹŷӡ
ŷ绹Ľζôһһ㱻ԼĿˮǺԩԩزҲټˣҪ֪һֱڱء
뵽ŷ翴Ǹ˵Щ䣬漴ջĿ⣬ȥ
ҲһЩʶŷˣɫŹ֣Ǹ˴ɫǻԷ£ڡ
ʵû˿ŷҲġǸ˵˵Ȼûע⵽Լߡ
ô˵
ʱ򣬰˹һʹӿŷ緢ìܣ񽫹Ҫҹŷ鷳ģֻû뵽ڰǸʿһԲŷȻ֪Էǰ˹µǿߣȻܷŹϾ񽫷ǳǿ󣬶ڹŷ˵һвܹڶԷ˵ʱɱȻԸô
ǸͷͷǵķȻûע⵽ŷԽԽڵɫ
ǣ˵Ц˰ɣŷ绹õ½񽫣ѵ㲻֪ŷʵǿߣȻԲĶ֡˷ɫЩ
񽫲ǹŷĶ֣ǰ˹أתȹŷǿ󣬹ŷΪ°˹ıų͵Ϯģð˹û֤ݡǸ֮䣬һٷ֮ٿ϶ķ
ô˵Ҳеŷɨж֣ҲΪẦ°˹ǣ㲻ҪϹˣȻŷ磬Ͳˡ˵
ԽȰ˵ǸԽǵ⣬Щ˵ôȻ˾͸˵ǹŷǰҶ˵ղŵĻ
һģһЩϳŷݵֹĿͶŷ硣
𣿡ŷ絭ʵûһ顣
Ȼ˵˻ӦԵ쳣⡣
У˵һ飬ɡŷ絭˵˻һ澲ŷ磬Ļٲ²ŷݣҲ̫ɵˡ
˵ǸҲЩ㶣ôҲû뵽Լղ̸۵ǣȻ뵽һ˳Ҳûһɫ
ǸתͻȻŷȥڣҴˣҰɡ
ŷ̲סһۣôûйʿǵһ
ˣҥˣʵĳķɣ´ۣҲס㡣ŷû˵
ллڣллڣҲˡǸ˴ϲȴûмԷת˳ȥ
֪ʶ߳ݣŷ֣Լĺȫ亹ʪˡ


473 ı¶
ŷɫЩζӸղŵ鵱Уŵһ˿ıϢ
ҪҵˣԲŻɱ˽񽫣Ȼɢҥԣùŷ밢˹ͻ
ŷ粻鷳սȴĲ֮ԩ
ڶԷ뿪֮󣬹ŷҲ뿪ˣԶԶ׺ŶԷҪҳĻĺ֡ԷܽСתһȦȴҵһţһ˼ûС
ԣŷԣҵһŷҪһȣš
̫ɽǸվҴһƵһط˹ȥ
ŷһĨЦ⣬һڷ¾ˡ
ԶԶĵڶԷĺ棬ŷǸˣһСԺǰڶԷȥ֮ҲǱȥ
ôڷ棬´ѯʣǴüĿǴʱ۽ȴһĨɱԵú
ˣڼˣΪŷɱ˽񽫵֣԰˹Ը񣬵ŷ֮󣬿϶͵Ļᣬʱŷ밢˹϶ҪһսǸ˹ĻشɫдһĨ⡣
ͺãʱŷ밢˹˭ʤ˭˵һ£ܹܾˣʱǿһ򾡡ϵĺ´Ц˵ɫг˾ϲ
˶ǽ͢ĴУֻҪɱǣһУûмܹвǽ͢ʱֻҪʥӣ綼ǵˡһ´΢һ㣬ʮ꣬¶Ұġ
͢һֱгưµ뷨Ҫ򣬶ԡϵ۵ٹСӹŵ񣬴δϨ뷨
´̵Ļ¶ȻɫǶͬҰġ
ֻǿϧҺͰ˹עһɫ䣬Ǽһ
㡣´ϳŷݣǶݺݵĵŻ㱨£Ȼһˡ
ɫѿҪԼһۡ
ǸҲɫףѾСˣȴû뵽Ǳŷ緢ٵ
ҡŷЦ˵һ
Ļ䣬һڷ˽ֻһ˫ȴǽɫӢƥһһ㣬ʥ
ʲô˹´ɫ䣬Ȼû뵽˹ȻҲ
͢ơ˹˵һ˫ɫУȴʢŭ
飬߰쳣ھȻԼŹŷ˼˵ĶԻʱѾ͹ŷˡ
˹һУԼŪڹ֮䣬Լǵȴ￴Ц
ˡ´Ҫ͡
˹ȴǻᣬһͻȻ֣һֺֻݺݰ£´̱ɫǻʥ˸ҪⰢ˹Ĺ
ƾϣҲ뿹ңǸҲô˹ŭӿˡ
λеĺ´ը飬ɱ
ڸղŴҥԵǸˣڵһʱڷڰ˹£˲
һлɱ´̣˹Ŀڹŷϣн˸
ƾ㣿ŷЦˣԷҪѣûгϡ
ѵ԰˹ĽҪ֣ǲء
˹û˵ֻŷһָ
Ԫľۼ˹شƺɱŷ硣
ǰԾµһֲָޱȣȻǿߣӡ
ŷЦͬһָһֲ밢˹ָײһ
ͬʱˣһСԺըˡŷ밢˹ԷǴײǳжԾ
ŷɫأֻأɱԷ
˹ս죬ŷĹǿƳ֣֣
˼ǿ󣬰ս⼸Ҫ˺ѣ׳ɽӣѪڣһ˲㽫ս˼ޡ
ײһݣһ˲乥ٴΣǿޱȡ
ŷ죬Ѫʢɽӿݺһȭ˹ȥ˹һƬռ顣
䣬˹ɫɱŷ֡
ƽйŷĿռ䣬Ǹطը飬ŷ糤Хһһأ˹ɱ˹ȥ
ƽڣ˽սһ貵С̫һҫۣ񷶼ˡ
ƻˣ·ʿȻоʷǰ棬ֲ˼㡣
˴սȽ񽫺ʿӿֲݺ纣ֲޱߣڲϴսܳʱ䣬ȴ¡
һսΪֹŷȿڣǴ򲻹ԷǸӦд١
˹оһֹͣŷһ𣬽Ŀһ


474 ɱѪ
һֲϢޱȺƴȻŷͰ˹ɫأܵһѹ
´£ųƽ͢ڶ֣ʱ̤֡նһ飬񻷣ǵصϢþ֮µʿȥڵɪɪ
Щǿߣһɪɪ̧ͷԶֻмǿߣܹפԭأֻɫͬ
ΪԼȻǿ߲һЩҲ̫࣬ȴ֣̫߹Լˣǿߴﵽļޣϵ޵С
࿰𣬵Ǻǿȣǲ̫Զˡ
˭֪ǳŹŷŷִ͢սɱǲֹһǿߣ¿϶ġ
£Ҫһ͡˭Ҳ벻ȷѵ˾Ȼǰ˹ᣬɫг˱䡣
ʲôͣɻ󣬲֪ʲô˼ղŸܵ͢ĺ´䣬Ը˹֪ʲô顣
͢ɱҵ׷ߣŷˣô㣿˹˵
ʲôһ󲻶ɫ˵飬ǺңҰҳʡ
˹Ц˲Զһۣ˵ѾµȥˣǼˣҵĻ֤ݣʲô
һǿߣ˹һǿƣзŭ
ɱǣ»䣬ŭŰ˹
ϧðϣǵ³˹Ȼ˵ɢʥϢľһ飬¡
±ŭ̫͢ڽ͢ʵ˵һ޴ֱնɱ֣ʱ̲סˡ
ŭ𣬾Ȼ˹ˡ
˹ɫȣֱӳ˹ȥ½սƿֲ졣
˼ҴսԶŷ޳ܵĽΪһԹߡ
ûȤȥͰ˹֣Ҳش£ȴɱȼǿҪߣɱǡ
ŷҪӭӽĴսһʥ٣кܶೡսҪѪ塢ܶ͢೬Ȼڣ⣬Ҫɱڵپ֮ǰ
ŷ粻սȴ˲
һ˴Ӻڰ߳˵ŷ֡
ѪȵϢһùŷɫһѪ񣬳Ѫĵǿͬһ׶Σȴû뵽ͻȻϮ
ŷ侪ңһָת񽫶ԷϢ顣
ŷ糤ХһֱӳȥһȭһԪ£Էѹȥ
ѪХɫչɨȥŷȭͷײһ
˴ײͬʱˡ
ǽϽʿȫײನը飬ڷ
ŷɫᣬ˵һѪɫ󣬳ȥ
Ѫɫᣬɫ˲
ŷȥǳϸ죬ִ˵£񱩵Ϣ񷶼ˡһСɽͷನɨУΪһƬҽ
ŷǿƵ˼㣬Ѫѹ·磬ζԷҲ岻ȥ
Ѫɫѿ쳤ХĴһһȴŷ¡
һսѾˣѪΪǿߣȴסŷ磬·磬ӵĻᶼûˡ
䡣
ŷһţѪڽ£쳤Хͷڷ趯ڲƣһһ㣬𾪣һ¹Ĥݵĳ嶯
ѪըѪ䣬һ㱬ˡ־Ŀ˹ŷһۣͻȻһ񱩵ѪƣҪԱһ㡣
ŷһԥĶ㿪ʱԲˣȻĻɡһǿߵԱȻǿҲס
ŷϵģǸѪûԱǻһѪ⣬ԶȥȻֻԱӣĿȴҪߡ
ŷòһţû뵽ԼȻһϻˡ
Ҫ׷ȥѪķ򣬳һͷȻȻһѳǹѪҽУȴûһãǸǹѪķѣױɱ
ŷ翴ֵĲǱˣǸʿꡣ
Ԧ߾ӹŷ磬ҷɢֻһ˫ȴľˣ죬¶һڰЦ˵Ը⽻һѣ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
㳤˧Ц
Ӣͬͬˡŷ¶Цݣһθڡ
ҲϻǸֱ˾ŷ˵ҽ³
ҽйŷ硣
ʶˣҵһưɣ


475 ³
ܶ¼ͼһˣû뵽ﾹȻõᡣ³ЦͲ󣬶ʮ꣬սȴߵˣŷ硣
ȴû˵¼һʿͻȻð˳ҪһƬˣҪˡŷЦ
³ˣֵĺأڴ֮ǰû˵ϢοһʿҪ֪ʿ͵һʥսУʧˣûоӰʿˡ
ʵҲ֮ˡ³ͻȻ˵һϢùŷһ㶡
칬³ڣŷоû뵽³Ȼص칬ǸطŷһֱҪ˽⣬ȴûлᡣ
һʲôطŷЩеʵ
˹ŷһۣ³ЦһͲ󣬵Ǵʱȴһɣĸо³̾һһĵط
ʲôŷЩȣ˵е칬Ȼɾһ㣬ҲӦǵϾ칬ַ
û˻ţţûνƶǿΪ߾ϣɱˣûνķɻƲǣûνĵ£ֻбͱ³п˵
䣬Ϊʿһһϴɣұʿڶǰų˳䡣³³һ˵Ϣ
ŷסˣô˵Ļǰ³֮Ψһʿˡ
·𿴳ŷ뷨³˵ͷ¶һĨЦЩȴ֪Ȼʿһȴȫңһ죬һ̤ƽǵţΪʿһ𡣡
ŷɫһп϶ʲôûʣϾÿ˶ܣ³ҪĻ϶˵ģ˵Ҳǰʡ
УʱҪĻҪŷֵ˵칬ɣͬûкøС
³˹ŷһۣȻЦˣʱ϶ֵġ
ɫЩ죬ùŷһԼµһʲôһЦһоڲС
˳ȴû˸ţղ˻ɱһѪǿ˾㤣ȻһˣȻĻȻһ
ƵΣ˹ҲˣȴǱڷɢԵ쳣ңɫǲ԰ףѪ֪µģԼġ
Ҫһͣ˹ɫԵЩһСˣղһսһҾˡ
һʾ㻹û䣬ⲻǺܺŷʵ
³ҲЦܿսԱгʤ֮⣬ƽֶһֳ裬п϶ܲ
˹ûзϣȻ˵Ϊս񣬵ս޲ʤʲô۷״̬֮£һָֻͷܵ
ף˹ԲܹĴڣûǲء
ж˭ŷͻȻʵ
˹ɫһȻޱ˵磬Ѿ𣬻Ϊ棬ڵ칬ҲѾˣҺûʲôԱȵġ
˹˵⻰ʱɫ΢΢ЩȻɴ˿Կ϶ͶйҺܿܣνս޲ʤڶǰʹ
뵽ŷɫŹ֡
һǵɫ˹ǵ뷨ʱ˹ɫѿŭˣʲôôǸޡ
ʲôû롣ŷǿЦ⣬һǼˣˡ
ȿȣԼ˵ġ³ҲǺЦ
˹ɫŭˣ˵ɣ
ŷƲƲ죬³һۣſ˵һܴù𣿡
˹ȻҪͬʱ϶Ƕ֣Ȱ㻹ǵɡ³ҲЦ˵ڰ˹һɵ˼ûСȻǿǿĴڣҲסǵ֡
˹Ȼǿ󣬵ڣȻûпһս
˹ȻҲףǰˣĻûбʤİգοһսǴԼҲʹ졣
ˣúǼƽϡǳ鴤£˹˵
ŷ³Ц۸˹ĸоˬġҪ֪һǺųתһǿ߶ǡ
˹ƣȴû뿪ҪչŷΪ׷ߣȴı⣬룬֪ԼûǸ͡
ŷıַǳޣԲӴǱð˹һЩľˣһɳ죬ܳΪ˵¡
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ߣ֪Щ֣ҾͲţʮ˻򲻹һ򣬳Ҹ𡣡һ֣ĺǳĿ¶׹⣬˷
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һײ˶ڵϣŷһԹ³û˵С磬⡣
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⵹칬֮УǿƵľǶһǿ߱˵Щ˵ĸʵǻˡ³ͬŷĻڻˣЩηһ漣壬ǿߴδϾ칬֮Уĵǿߣ¡
³Ļŷ˼û̫࣬ȵ飬̤칬ԯӻ
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482 ͷ
ûˡժ¥УɫԵЩ˵
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ڵģҲŷһȥءڿŷڻˣ˶Ƿĵĸˡ
˵ն˽ͷʦ˵Ĵϣǲģǿ׳ʵ
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484 
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ٻͷôܲǵŷһǣȻһٰȡϰ嵹ûȥϾûãٻѧУĸУ
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Ҫǰĸо𣿡ŷڽٻĶ˵
ٻЩɬǺܼᶨĵ˵ͷĿ뵽ļ飬̲סЩأ˻Щˡ
ĿУʴĵ࣬мѡ
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ԭǹŷ硣һ𣬴һĨ
֣ӹŷ磬֪ŷ֮ڹŷľһ֣ŷǿҲһеӵܣħ񣬵Ѿʧ٣ʼѾûκο칬ɵĵطˡ
һһҹ֪ҵ֣ǹѷġŷҡͷЩΪȻ
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еĿģŷͬԸһˡ
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֪ҲûбҪ֪ŷ˵ͲĻ
ѵԯ飬Ҳ֪һЦ
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ӡŷ˵һ֡
ֻҪԸǺǿԸɱΣǺЦŹŷܹջ


485 ɱ
˵ҲͬأŷһĨаЦĴ𰸳Ԥϡ
ŷǲʹĽܣҲӦôʹľܾе֮⡣
Ϊʲôʵ
ǾɱӣΪʲôԳ֣ǵĽ͡ŷЦ˵
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ףܹˣûһɵӣһһ⣬ᱻ𴩣˵滰ȡ벻Ч
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һŷҲܹµԶĻһġȻֻһ㡣
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486 ̩ʡ
һƬصĴ½УͻȻһŭ˻Ȼһϴڳֱ˺ѿռ䣬һ̤˼硣
ֹǸϴҪеʱһֹסĶ
һûڳϼеǿߣݣȴǿȻǸϴڣܵһľս
뵽ղŸӦ飬Ǹϴڷŭһػ㲻Ҫҡ
ҲҪŭҡػ˵˵Įȴ̺һǿϣȻϵĴڣ̲סһһߵĳ嶯
ͷһ𣬱㱻ϴڸˣݺݵ˵һڳ䱻˻ɱҪΪңҲҪ
ƾ㣿ػЦˣȻı飬Ǵ棬ϴҲ֪ԷǶôĲм
бŭһɫȻֱˡ
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ܶ˾ηǸռͨûϴܹ䣬ػе·
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ҲǽӴ˳Ȼ磬Ȼ֪ŷĴڣͬǿߣ䣬ͿһУɨһС
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СΧźܶˣ鼤ʲôЩ˵м䣬һµҽΡ


487 
һǵɴӴ֮Щ˶ʱһ
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壬Ұôʵ۾Щ졣
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ŷӦŷΪʲôԼйŷȻĸĸƣֱ̫ˣð
ԣ壬ùŷ翴һ°ְ裬ŷҽɸϽ˵
һСʲôҽҪûоȳˣ衣һվ˳ɺ͹ŷЩ
үŷҽҿԱ֤ôܻẦҸĸأϽÿùŷҰơߵĳ֣ɵɫЩÿȻүû˿øС
СӶʲôʵ鱾ܼ򵥣ֻҪԸ޸٣ʱȻרΪƣԺ֮ٻĲΪʲôԸӦŪزɶүЩ˵ָǡ
һ˿ã̲ס˵壬⻰˵ˣʲôˣ̩ʡ˭֪ѾͷĸһΪģôܽء
ߣ첲šȣǵǲͬ⣬ǽôأŪñˡɶүЦĻԵúܲм
Ҳý޸Ǹү֪ʲôȰ㻹ǲҪˡͻȻ˵Ϊöүɫ쳣ѿ
ߣڤ粻飬ô졣ɶүЦȻתߡ
ŷɫĿͷһۣһĨЦһ»кϷ
ֹ뿪ˣŷ˽ȥȻ׼ɸĸƵʱ򣬹ŷ绹̲סɫ
ɸףѾĿȫǣѾĿѪˮȴûеõЧҽΣѾںΣյĵزˡ
ŷ粻ýӴɸףܹоԷеĹкܶطۣõˡ
ƣȻȥҽԺκˣҲֻһзϡ
ĸףϵǿʲô˺ǹŷȴɫƫϣܵ˼ΪصĴˣѪŲµĺ
Ͽĸ׵ƱԼɷᣬǹŷȴ֪˵ƣǲأΣֻһˣ̫ˡ˶ڻУ緢һ֪
Χмİ״ɫЩ꣬Ц˵ҲˣֻǾǣԼȫҾҪúԲ𡣡
ŷ翴һۣû˵ʲô
ԷǲˣǲҾȣϾΪɵˣȥԼȫҵֻзӲŻô
ɺ⣬Ц˵Ҷ̩ʡ˭ҵǸһ
״Ӳֻ̾Ϣվһߡ
ɿ˹ŷһۣȻҽģ¹Լĸĸɻ̲סһ䣺а𣿡
ŷҡҡͷɵֱӳЩˣҽ߳Ĺŷ綼ûаգǵҽԺҲβİ衣
ûаգҵҽذɣİɣʮӣһһԽĸĸŷӵĿһۣһôԼôûء
۾һһ˲ӵõĸоϲ˵ģ
Ȼģ˵ĸֻƣ˵ˣʮĸСʱҲܴнǶֻҪĴ۱ȽϴѡŷȻ˵
ﵽ磬뷨롭һһĺ壬Դжˡ
ͬǾ޴ģҲǹŷһΪҲǹŷʮ


488 ɽׯ
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û˵лл˵ĹϵȫʡԣоͿˡ
ʵ֮󣬵֪ǹŷԼǼ쳣ŷл
ֵܵĸĸŷһûУѿɵЦûһ׺аӣһڼҴк
ƺã˾ͻȥˡ
ɸֱڷ궩˼ϯҪúõллŷ磬ȴŷܾˡ
ûн岻żϯŷЦ˵
ɸһ㶣׹ŷʲô˼ɵ۾ȴԹŷ˽⣬Ųµ˹ŷ뷨
Ҫ죿ʵ
һʹһνκˣһ֣Ͱ̴ˣֻһݣܽ顣ŷ絭˵
ŷĻɸЩϽ˵ӣ㲻ȥǼһ˵ģǶǵġ
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֣İɣŷ϶ܽġɸϽ͵
֪һλᣬֻйŷܽˡ
⺢ӣǺ֣жСŲѵ֪˼СžҺ裬ѵ뺦ɣɸԵúһҪߣӶˡ
ɿԴ˵ˡ
˵ȥɺԼϵһƳ
壬ˣ˵ģûнУҵĶ֡ŷҲͣͬʱһֻİһߵǽϡ
һӡ֣ɸĸɫ䣬𾪵Źŷ磬׹ŷΪʲôôеˣԭȻһָ֡
С˵ģҶֵָĳ֣ȻȣԲ޷ܡ
ֻ첻ˣǺ̩ʡһЩԱǽѵ죬пܶЩϵ鷳ʱ书ٸߣҲ˼ҵġɸ׻ǵǣϾҲ̫˽⡣֪ŷǿߣѾ׵Ĺ֮ϣֻ񹲷ߵ飬ɱˣֻһֻ۱һֻۡ
ϾΪһһǿߵǿߣ̫òʧˡ
壬һģˣҲˣǲĹҵġŷЦ˵ɢһţɸĸֱͷѾ˹ŷĻ
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ڹŷ£붼û
ɸĸЩǵУ˿ȥĿĵأϳɽׯ
һʥأǮ˵ã̩ʡǺġ
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Ǯ˵ʥأֻ쿪ʼҪһˡŷЦ˵
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ŷҡҡͷָָɣ˵ң㣬㲻㸸ĸҪһ⳥Ҿɽׯͺܲ
ĿɿڴȻȻĶɽׯֹǲֱǺõˡ
Ҳաɺ˵
ŷҡҡͷû˵˵ʲôɵأ㲻ѵҪհһժ¥ˣ³ϵĶҲȾָᱻΪҪưԣȻҲ£Ҳ鷳
ǡɻǾòףһȻܣҲûа취ƿء
ģ˵Ķˣģ˭Ҳ졣ŷ˵
УȻҲˣɽׯǰƹܣʲôʱҪʲôʱ򶼿ûȥʼ˵
ɽׯδ˱öˡ˵̸ʱвǵĶԻһ̲סĿɿڴ˭Ȼɽׯſڣ̸ɽׯ飬ΪԼ˭
һ̲ס˵ɵơ
ŷͻȻһԷֻоһɺԼϣ˲䣬ǰ䣬˲ǻһѪֵϱƯѪȴ̱ǣֲ˼㡣
Ǹɫ䣬ҽһһֱ˹ȥ
˶𾪵Źŷ磬ֻҪɵӣ׿϶ֽţֻǣһۣһιȥʲôֶΣо塣


489 ɱ
ʲô˹ǳ⡣
ȻʶŷֶΣȴûһɫŷһۣȵķ⼸˾ȻǶߡ
ˣһЩСУΪˣھȻĳΪһùŷǸ߿һۡ
˵ġŷ絭˵
ŷ羹Ȼûһŵӣɫ΢΢һ䣬дͷ˺ʵ˭ѵ㲻֪ʲôط𣿡
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ŷ絭ı֣иûˣǸͷıʵҪҵ˭
졣ŷ³֡
ͷıһ̲סʵʶϰ壿ɫɲǹŷйϵĻɲҵŷ硣
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ŷΧ˹ȥǲη壬ǵĵ̣Ҽ˶ߣŷղȻĽһŪ˹ȥȴΪŷжõ֡

ĶƲƲ죬һм˵
ŷ˭ɨ¼ûеֵ޵ǿߣԷ书ҲǹŷĶ֡
ʱ򣬹ŷȴһɲһҪεĳ嶯ֻŷֱƵһߣ˵Ǽˣȿš
ɵˣżݺΧıһ˳磬ڿʲôЦС첲СȵģôǵĶ֡
ҲǶߣҲǶߣѵ㻹´򲻹ǣΪɫǽĶġһŵӣŷ絰ޱȣһеϢ
飬һʱΪĶܿ졣Ѿﵽһ磬ɺ·壬˶Ƕ۷壬ɫǵĵֻ̣Ҫӣ򼸸ͬ׵ߣһ
ӴСûܡɿɥԷѾӽʱʶĴһС
һɫһģ̫һ˹ȥ
ԷûнɷУû뵽ɻͻȻһôϬģ̫ЯǿǸˡ
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ڵϳ鶯£ʧȥϢɫ԰ףܹоԼеˡ
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ڴ֮ǰȻжߵʵľȴһʵʵͨˣͻȻɱһˣ޴У㯣һɷˡ
ʣµıסˣȻû뵽ԷȻĸɱˣѾͬ飬˸

ͷıŭȳ˹ȥ
ŷվûĿɱԷһȭȥˤԶһѪ
վɱǣҪŷޱ˵ֵܣͨˣҲעɲͨˣɱ˶ңԺЩײеĵ˵ʱܻȥ
ֻǿʼǶ棬·壬ҪѪܳɳǺֵܵĴۣܲпᣬߵǵõģϵҫ
пܣ˭ҲԸϣЩٵߵĴڣʱ̾ͨ˵İãǸѡһΣȻԭ·ΪİҪܹԼƿԼˣܹ
Ϊͨˣ޷Լƿصġ
ɫ԰ףվȴЩ㯣ûж֣һα˴ɣһ˵ĸء
Ⱥ֮󣬿˹ŷһۣʲô˼
ɱǣܻȥŷٴοڡ
ɲΡΡվȻɫ㯣֪롣
ҵֵܣ뾭ģҹŷֵܣһųҲһث֣ǰˣΪ첻֪˶ٻ£ɱǣҲͺɱɱһģʲô²ֵģŷʡ
һɫͷŷȻݺݵһȭŷԴȥ
ŷûжֻǱմȭͷ˶סˣͬ龪ֵУǸͻȻ飬ѪȾһƬ档
ڴʱҲˣ̧ͷһѪ⣬Ȼ򼸸˹ȥ
գ쳣͵һžѧʱɵУڿʼĲ
ͬǶߣȴɵһжסڲһʱڻɱ˺ʬɽׯſڡ
ЩɽׯĹ˿סˣǿһĿŷˣȻɽׯɱǵˣˡ


490 ˭Ҳ
ɽׯһη꣬һ˽̸˽Ȳһֺصơ
̸˵ʱȴƿˡ
ϰ壬ˣˡһ꣬ҲǱ磬ȴЩǿ˲١
ϰ꣬죬ĿԼһۣ˵ʲô飿ǻ𣿡
ˣԷ̫ǿˣѾɱԺгȥֵֿǶˡǸŵ˵һҪ޳ı顣
ӼпԷıֵʱΪԷħˣħôôɱǾͬ˺һֽһ򵥡
ùǳ֡ԵЩͷνĹһЩǿߣоߣȻһĴУҲһˡ
ˣȫɱˣ֣ǿ󹩷ûеסԷһָɥ˵֪ԼϰѾˡ
˼ֱ̫ˣͬһ㣬ɵֵ˶סһָ
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˳ȥ֮󣬿ֵǸ֮ǵɫ͵رˡ
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쾪һԥȥҲһʼǴʱȴһɥ֮Ȯһ㣬˿
˵ıЩ۾ͻȻһֲõԤУҲǰɱˣʲôϵĴҲĻƽʱǿƵϰ壬ô̶ܻ̻ӡ
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һֻǾȴһĲơ˵Ļ㱨һ⣬ʵ˭֣
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491 ɻ
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Ҳšҧгݡ
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ʦԴһѪɴ۾ʵĵŹŷ磬ûϢ
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ΪǵֶУƳѪʦֵֶΣŷ磬ڵģڵظе㡣ĴЦͣȻҪԱ
ŷֱ̽һֻ֣·Ȼɱ
䣬ԱĻᶼûСŷ罵бĿⶼ˾η;֡
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Щ˲ѪħĵӣǵϣһѪħϢûС
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ʱں͹ŷԻУûκּۻ۵ʸģŷ˵ĺףͬ⣬ֻĻͽһС
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ŷһĨЦûзϻֱӴʮûԷС
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ɵͷŲԶļʮһֺڼҲ죬һת۵㡣
ŷ磬̩ʡΪʲô֪ͨһһˣ߽
Ӣһİ¶š
ЩʶһɫηѪħȻܹ̩ʡǶİ׼ңǺܾηġ
ƽʱʱ춼ǱϹϾģλ˿
ŷ翴˿һۣ⣬ǿ׼ҵϳǷô飬֪ĻҲ̫ˡ
֪ͨʲô㳤ô󡣡ŷƲƲ˵
ɫһȻЦҡҡͷ˵ҳ󲻳ҲҿԿ϶ҿ϶˧
ŷ磺
һᣬŷ˰֣û˵ˣú˵Щеûģɽׯӽ쿪ʼֵɵˣչһ£Ҫñ۸
һۣͷûʹŷΪβƿ
ѪħƴҲȫ֤ԻҪһЩ顣˵
֪һѪħġŷЦ˵ȫš


492 ϴ
׼Ѫħ̩ʡľݵȫɨһѪħ˴ŭܶ׼Ҷ֡
ֻһϢȴǴͷ
ŷɽׯֵܵĲҵ˸ȥɧţؽ̤ƽԷ
ֻҪеӵ˶ܹǿ׼Һ͹ŷԸѪħѪħĬ
ŷ磬̫ˡѪ棬
Ѫħֵܵģֵܵļˣұɱ֮Ѫҿ㻹ʡİɣ׼һ֮֮ĴսŷĻӦ
һսҲҪ׼ѪǿƣûнŷС
ڵģ칬ʮֵǰ޵еģѪһ֮ϣ㻹ôŷЦ
һ粨ƽѪûжѪħûжǽһ
˶ֻ֪Ǳ֮ǰŷѪħ֮䣬ҪһײڲԶˡ
һ֮󣬹ŷܣеҪڻĳˣϾ̫ˣֻҪŷһƣЩ˾Իԥĳ֡
Ѫħˣŷͷһ¥ʱ˫Ҳһ˾ܹһ
ⲻ˵Цܹʵֵġܲȱ콾ǵʱһ˺ɨ£˱ܣȻĳУҪס
ŷ뿪̩ʡ֪Ѫħᶯ֣ԼѪֳ֮ǰǲᶯ֡
ص׺УŷĺУæÿ첻ԼĽޣڴеĿɿڴ
˭Ҳ֪ŷʲôѵ˱ʤİգѪΪĪ⣬˭Ҳ֪ǿʲôزǺܶȴùŷ硣ҲһЩ꣬ŷܹԽѪ񣬵ԲС
˽㣬Ϊˡŷ磬Ц˵
ôܣһһһʽŷЦ˵һһڣܹ°빦
㵹Ǻ̬Ц˵ŷ粻Ƿϣͷˡ
ˣ칬Ϣ𣿡ŷʵ
ûУԤУǲúҪع飬Ϊǰһʱ䣬еǰ˵˵칬Уʱɫ˵
ʲô칬ŷЩȵ˵
Ƿеĳǿߣս˶Էϴڣͬʱɱһϴڣ칬ڷЩǿߣǳ񣬲ٴ칬ˡɫŹֵ˵
ϴڣŷɫЩ֣ʲôǿߣ
ŷɫɻ󣬳ûϴԳ͵ϴڣָǿ֮ϵǿߣǽɣ飬봫˵еħһȻֻ࣬Ǻǿѡ
Ǳħ𣿡ŷʵ
˵ǿϴڣɱնħһϴڣȴħҡͷ
ŷͻȻ뵽һ飬Լĸնɱħô˵ϴڸǿʲôǿߣ
ŷʳ֮󣬳Цһҡͷ˵ⲻ֪кܶ˶֪ȴûܹش𡣡
˼ԣҲ֪Ϊﵽʲô硣
ŷЩʧҲеģϾô׵ľͻᱻ˿͸ҲͲйˡ
ףôŷĿͻȻһϤӰ
ԶһŮʱΧסˣβסŭ⣬Ǿ
ŷɫֱǱȥ
˳Ŀ⣬һŮЦ˼ֵʲôãŮ̫һЩ
С椣ʹҰɣ磬֤һӳԺȲһ߸ݵ꣬߸żСåװһͷԵЩЦ
ĶǰԳˣ˵֪˭ָʹģǰϷ䲻ҡ
Ļνһ㶼ɫ࣬ŭ壬ЦǣȻ㲻ҪͲҪҲˣߡ
һ֣СܾҪߡ
ɫЩţϾֻһŮӣ֪ԼߵĻ²ʲô³
ĻͺˡʱһӰЩȻ
֪ԼֻԷһˣ˸Ӧκνһ󣬹ŷʧУҲһ֤
೤Ҫæ𣿡ʱһǣƵ𣬴һ˿٩͵תͷȥǸ˼ĺӰ֣弸һԼεĸо


493 
𣿡һֲʵĸоԼǲΣΪУŷٳǰ
Цŷĵ˵СԴЦ˵˵أ
ֲʵ飬ȡ֮һĵļ˷ܣµʱٴγˣͯеһĹ
Ҹ̫ͻȻһͯλøо
ֻǣָоܿ㱻ƻˣǸ翴ԼеŮ˺ͱôʱŭˣŭ˵ģӵӣҴ
ȺСҲ֪ԼֵĻˣ໵ĳ˹ȿֺŷ֣ҪԼϴǰúõرһ¡
ŷεķһۣĲСå֣̫ˡ
ҲɲϾǵݣҲܱСåǰɡ
߳ţСå˳ȥŷǸ˹ȥȻһƳϣһ
׳գԺ׼ɧҵŮˣȻĻҶ㲻ŷ羯Է
ŷ˵ԼŮˣһ˿ɬ죬Ҫһ仰û˵
Ǹ类ŷһƣȴҷ֪ԼǹŷĶֻ֣ɫĶŹŷ뿪
ԹɫȻưոݵġ
ڴϣŷ壬ԿóԵЩ㲣ܵʲôһ
𣿡ŷ翪ʵȻѾµ˴𰸣ʹӸղŵ棬Ҳ֪Ĳá
áȻûκΣ˹ŷ𰸡
ΪЩСåŷһüͷɫ̫ÿΪĻղžӦô׵ķŹСå
ͷȻҡҡͷ⵹ǽŷŪͿˣʲô˼
ЩСåֻһ棬ԭΪҵı㡣ᵽԼʱ¶һĨЦ
ŷгһŮ˵ֻɻǣǸŮ˾Ȼ鷳Ͼйϵ֪ģ˵ǾԲ鷳Ŷԡ
ǿŷ˼Ц˵ΪԭŸ鷳
ŷɴ۾˵أ
һʱ䣬ûг֣ұΪˣû˹˼ɣԲ鷳˵
ĻŷȻԭһԭô˵ĻΪԭ򣬲һС
Ͼ֮ǰĹϵ̫ãҲԲӣ˵ǳ˵ĵزˡ
뵽ŷԼһҪ鳹׽
ʲôطŷʵ
ҪʲôɻĶŹŷ硣
鷳Ҫҵˣ˭Ҳ۸㡣ŷȻ˵
һĨΣȻЩյ˵ŷ磬㲻ϲңͲҪ˵ЩĻòã˭ˣ
ŷٺһЦû˵ЩˣС죬ٴŷ硣ֻȴ쳣ԹԼ̫ίˡ
ǣҴߡڴʱһһȺ˽ͷľȻǸŷСåŷ˵ʱʱɫһϲָǼе
ʮΧ˹˶˵ˣһĿͶŷϣǵڿʲô񼫵ﷸһ
һȺΧ˹ŷüͷɫҪʲôʣЩһ
ʱǲſ壬ŷһᣬ˿ûһ˿ӵı֣ʣȻųĵ
뵽ΪѵĽĿͶһ꾯ϣǼ˵ͷ
ץһۣ꾯ޱ˵
˭ңŷۣһȻɢЩһ붯ֵͷ˲Ϩ
Ǹ꾯Ҳһһֲĸоǰе·ƣʹĶͷ˾ϣûм
뵽Լߵˣһҧ˵ߡ
Լ˾̬ȼȺҲԥʹԹŷеľⲢɡ
ΧȥҪŷץ
žžž
𣬹ŷֱӽЩ˳˳ȥߵľˣǮȴѹ顣
Ҳǻһͨˣ֪ҪԷʲôӡ
ϮǸ꾯һ˵
ñӰͷϣ˭ҪëˣһеСȨƵˣҲҽͷϡ
ŷȴ˿⣬һĨаЦ꾯˵Ҿϲ򾯲죿ô


494 үү
ϲ򾯲죬˻һ˶ɫŹ֡
Ͼڽа徯˲٣ǵ˵ϲ򾯲ˣȴûмŵ˲мţûŵȴֻйŷ磬˵۹ϣŻһĻ
Ǹ꾯ҲЩŭ±˴˲˵Էţ²̨Ҫߣȴˡ
ϾԷѾ˵ֻǻߣ˵ʱ׺еľ춼ŶˣҲԲ˶ߡ
뵽꾯ŭ̫ˣȻϮҪץȥ˸ŷ簲Ϯͷ治˵ϾǹŷͷҪﲻɵĻܻٲ֮ء
뵽ڽԼ磬꾯Ǻˣһû¸Լһ鷳
˭ôĵӣȻץϴ󣿡ڴʱһ𣬺˽ֻͷ췢ʱȫȾڣǲ꣬Ǹһ쳣ĸо
ǰҲ֪Ȼô顣ʯҲߣЦе˵
֪ηԲ٣ڰ׺ץ٣ǰ;ҲЦ˵
꾯챾ٵĳ֣ЩסˣǵĻ֮󣬸ǵɴ۾һ飬ֲһ˳
ǹ١꾯߶µ˵
ΧҲɴ۾ηǸ꣬Ǵ˵а׺еİ𣿱Ͽ룬ǿŷһڼҵĴк⣬ûκвԡ
ңץٵ˻ûйأǵһЦ˵
꾯һֱ˹ȥ
֪ԼˣһӶˡ
ûãǴɣʲô飿ŷбԼ⼸Сܣûʵ
⼸һ²ԼȻ顣
ϴ˵ġʯɫЩأŷ˵
˭ûзϻŷֱʵ
Ƶүү˷ѾΣյĵزˣٲҽεĻ»˶೤ʱ䡣ʯڸϽش
аˡŷͻȻʵ
ʯһȵŹŷ磬ȻѾ֪ˡ
аڵҵһ֪ˣȻүү£˾ȣ϶а񹦡ŷĲ˵
ŷѾ֪ˣʯҲΡʯڿ˵ȷʵаڵˣֻѵϴҲŻ֮𣿡
̽ŷ磬ҲЩģϾõѣȻ뿴¡ǹŷаݣ˵쳣ѡ
Ż֮˵ǻЩνĶ壬˭صġŷЦ˵
аڣһֱħɣʵҲίʵѪħħʵۺ񣬵ȴ˲õˣΪƽأΪܵħֽɱ
ϴ˼ԸˣʯǾϲ˵
ҲҵСܣүү£Ȼ֡ŷЦ˵һһۣЦ˵һȥΣ
ԥһ£ȻСʵ𣿡
ΪʲôУŷ練ʡ
û˵ȴվ
ϴɩӣھ߰ɣүүϲˡʯ˵һ䣬ֻɩ֣ȴɫͨ졣
Ҫǿŷû˵֪ΪʲôһϲĸоҲû˵
ȥֻһصľ죬ʾŸղŷʲô顣
ǸСå类ŷˣֻȴûһϲĸоǵ˱ѵС
˰׺й٣δ뵽Ͻóֻͨһ绰
绰Ǳһȵôˣӡ
֣ҳˡɥ˵
绰ǱһĬȻЩżʵʲôˣ
׺й١һ˳
ѵ
绰ǱһȻǵ绰ϵ
ȵԷ绰˵ʱѾûϢ߹ֱӽ˳ȥ
ʲôɵӣܹµ˰׺й٣̫ˡ
ӣôˣ㲻ҪŰְְ绰ĺ˼㡣
ֻ̻ԼӰ뱲ӵĸףȴȫûʶԼԼĺһ˾·ԼĺӣٲΪһåͻˣн³
һ·ʻһѾ棬ŷӳ֮һȻļţйŷԼүүԱסˡ
ҽżңûβõˡ


495 аħ
ϴ̫ˣҰˡֱ˹һѱסŷ磬˵
ŷϵļ˳飬Ȼݺݵһ˳ȥ
Ʒ˳ȥڲԶԹ֪ԼϴΪʲôҪԼ
ҪңҲϲˣԪȥŷû˵
˼Ҳϲˣ˼ֻǼϴи˶ѡԹ˵ԽǽͣԽ˾ãڵı֣һСֱܼûһ
ŷֱӲ˵ҪǲҸүүˣھߣʡҡ
ŷĻһò׽ŷˣǹŷˣǼǧˡ
뵽ɫվŷһϴүүͰˡ
Ͻ·ŷû˵һﻹ治żҪ֪үүʱ
ǰ·һ˽ȥ
߽ʱ򣬹ŷ翴һˣƵý㣬ǸҪŷŮˣƸ˹ȥ
һεŷֵʱ¶һĨηɫȻѾ֪˹ŷݡ
ڱ棬˺Ůˣȳȣŷֵʱ򣬶ʱ¶һĨϲɫ
Ϊҵˣڰ׺йپԲİȻûмˣƬȴ
ӭ١һ˵Ĵ£˶ϹһĿ˹ŷһۣЩš
ϾСѾͷֻһͨ˼ҵĺӣûмʶ̡
ŷ˵ͷûпɨһˣ˵ȥˡ
Ƶͷ˲ô࣬ǰ棬ŷ¥ȥŷ翴һ۸Լ壬˵һᡣ
ɵĵͷ档
ŷ˶¥ĿֱͶһ档ɢһа쳣񱩣ʱᱬһ
а𾳽磬ֻҪսʤаħ̿ԳΪǿߣû뵽һôǿŷЩȵ˵
ϧүү찾ȥˣѾ;ƿݣٹһսʤаħֻɱ۾Щ죬үүϣаڵϣֻҪһǿߣаھ½
δأүүܰȥҲ֪аǿߵʱ򣬵׻жôǿŷЦ˵
ģƾϲ˵
ŷ绰еţԹŷ˽⣬ûаٷ֮ٵİգǲ˵Ļġ
ŷͷûж˵ʲôֻǷԸһ䣺һᡣȻƿ˽ȥ
һݣӳ۾һ͵ߣѪܱ嶼΢ĳ鴤
жʼһ˿˿ѪȻǵͷҪ;ƿˡ
ŷûκԥֱ룬Ȼ֡
뷨֮ûߵڣúѪܾȻָȻ˵Ϣһ˲
;ƿݣŷΪ֮һҽʥ飬Ƕڶ뷨Ĺŷ˵ȴһ¡
õŷĲ䣬ߵϢԽԽǿʢѪ棬һ̻ĶϣһϵϽڰ׺Уе߶ˡ
ǿߵϢһ˲жһ֪Ȼ󣬱Ǿ޴𾪣׺оȻһǿߣǿȥĽ죬ζʲôȻ
ֻЩ߲ǣǿߣǰ׺аŷĶ֣ѡҶԿ϶ʲôݣδЩʱ䣬Ŀ϶Ҫˡ
ɹˡ
ƵļڵһʱӦ䣬¶ɫ
սʤаħǿУаڱ֮ղԶˡ棬൱֮Ǳ޵
ǸУүү۾ʱĹâùŷ̲סüͷһ塣
ûɱаħѡںϡŷЩȵ˵
аΪаڵڱ䣬۷壬ҪǿߵĻҪеаħɱаħܹΪǿߡƹصķʽ쳣գҳɹʼͣʮһŷû뵽Ƶүүɹˣǰ˴û߹ĵ·аħɣԼΪһ塣
֪аħүүĳɾ;ԳԽǰˣȻոǿߣǾԱһǿҪǿĶࡣ
үүû˵ͻȻŷһȭ
ŷЦˣվûжֻǰȴһ̫ͼסүүĹ㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ˿δĿڣȴǾһүүĶը


496 常ĸ
үүеȫʧվȻŷһ񣬺˵лپҡ
ףԼܹͦаħȫΪŷ磬йŷİܳɹ
ŷ粻ÿɷ񣬸ոүүʱı֣һ־У˲һ򵥵ߣǸ
ŷ粻ϲ˴򽻵ǶԷƵүүղŶԷֵʱ򣬹ŷͻɱ
㲻лңҰȫΪƵԭ򡣡ŷ絭˵ƵүүûкøУȻס
ˣȻѾûˣұˣΪ֮ҪΪһ֮һЩ飬Ҫ֪ǿߣҲδʲôŷ翴үүһۣ˵
ţ˳ȥ
ŷ֣Ҳ˷Լүүʱ¶ϲɫ
үүûˣƳ˽ȥ´ԼүүһЦ˳Ȼܿġ
ٳ֣սʤаħԺһҪúõı١үү˵мǹŷж˾裬»ĻΪıƭֻڣѾΪǿ϶ûһøС
һ鷳ŷһԤУҲڲõĽԷʲôΣԼ顣
ֻȴ֣ܶǿƵ棬Ҳܶ֡
ŷζĿүүһʲôҲû˵ֻǺƴһк뿪
ȻҪŷȥѾҲ֪סֻ˵Ժڸлŷ硣
ŷܾ˾С֣ڽֵ棬紵΢΢һ£ŷԵĽ§˻С
帴ӵŹŷ磬ĵ˵ôãĻġ
Ҿϣᡣŷ绵Ц˵
һŷ绰е˼Ҳ̫ɵһ㣬ֻǶԵ뵽ôŷŮЩ㯡
ϲŷ磬ôŮһˣǻǰ
üͷŷЦ˵ˣôˣҲҿԸ㣬ҶҵÿһŮˣḶġ
ǹŷļ֣ҲȷʵˣжŮˣǶǸŮ˵İȴȫĵģһ㶼١
ͷû˵ʲô
һ·һļҸȥ
ҵʱȴһűҿȻһƬǽ壬ĸĸǲӰ
ʲô飿ŷɫһ
ɫţһż˵϶϶ǸŮˣˣŷ磬ȾҰ衣
ǸŮˣý㣿ŷüͷʵ
Щ˼飬ΪԼһʱûкӴȴѾг飬һְλ㹻סԷˣѵһӣ۸
֪ŷɻʲôЦһ겻֪ʲôʱ򹴴һţǸ˺гɵ֣ǡ
Ĵ˸綼ɵˣͷ϶ٲˣŷȴ̫⡣ڵĿ⣬ֻһЩĴ棬Щν״壬˵û˿в
뵽ŷ˵ģҲ۸ˣھʹ绰Ѱĸĸ
΢ģڹŷ磬Ƿǳεġ
ڴʱǶŵķŴ򿪣һʮŮ˳ʱϽ˵С壬ôýˣ˴ĸĸ㣬˵Ҫûк³Ͻɡ
ҰôˡϽʵ
İΣһ㶼ģйŷ˭˺
Ǳ͵ҽԺˣ˵ĲǺأİɣҪҪסԼܱý㷢֡ǵ˵
ȥҽԺŷû˿ԥ
ͷŹŷҪ뿪
λǣЩɻʵ
Сѣлл尢̵Ϣһлġŷº͵˵̬ȺõĲˡ
ھ˵ʲôлֻû£ʱ̫ˣֹԵЩΡ
׵ģȸˡŷЦ˵ολĳ
ȥҽԺ
ֻǵ˸մӳʱ򣬱㱻ΧסˣһȺ±һһŮɫĶŹŷˡ
ǸŮˣȻýꡣ
˼棬ۺ죬Ը񣬲һ̲סǰҪԼýƴҺùŷ缰ʱס壬û嶯ĳȥ
СˣڵȵˣӾļ˸Ҳûã˶ˡɫԹ˵˹ŷ磬Ȼһ㶼£Ȼߵ˸ܴĵ
֪ηŷ뵽仰̲ס¶һĨЦ


497 ֪η
ƾŷЩЦָߵˣԷ˿вԡ
Ͳ󣬶ʮӣƳȣȴһ˿꣬ŷĻ֮һĨмЦݣ֣ʲô׺йٶ԰ɣ
Ȼʶңҵ鷳ӹġŷЩζ˵
ЩУȴͬСһЦһͨˣû˿ΪȻȲҲֻһеĴԱˣаʸûС
Ҹоȴ쳣ã߰Źŷ磬˵֪˭𣿡
֪ŷʵҡҡͷ
һŹŷ磬˵ȻʶңļһƽʱЬ䡣
˵ĺܽŷȴЩۣһҸоҲ˰ɣôԼҲһǿߵߣȻ˵ԼЬ䡣
뵽ŷúϻû˵㵽˭ͷɡ
ڹŷ̬ȣ˺ȻЩûװBװ񫣬ͱŷˣŭ
ߣˣҾ뽭ҵģССһ׺ͷȻ۸ҵŮˣǲˡĺܽ˵˵Լļʱͷȥˡ
뽭ңŷһ㶣ͷû˵ֻμңԪǸ̬ļһİ
뵽ŷ̲סһ䣺ԪǸ̬ʶ
ıڵ⣬ŷᵽԪεʱͻȻһ£Щ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬ȵʵô֪ιӵĴ¶һĨݶЦݣ˵ҵ˵ιӱ̬Сӣеܿϧ죬Ҳ㣬ιҲ㡣
óĶԪκܾηɫ¶һĨɫŷ翴һĻʱ̲סЦ˳Լһʲô
ˣúǷϻҹŷɫ˵һ˫ɨˣһϣý̲סһ
ʲôΪôƨһĵطưԣܹаԵˣҴ򡣡Ҳŷ̬ȼŭˣ¾Ҫ֡
ڴʱһģĵӲС
ղŻŵĽģ̲סһ£ת˹ȥ˵òʱ򣬶ʱ̲סһιӡ
㲻úιӣǽӣ㶼ǣҲ֪˵֪ηǴҵطԪ˵ϵı飬ȴ⡣
һ£Ԫһۣ̲ס˵ιӣ̫۸ҵŮˡ
ԪԴ£ͻȻ˳ȥȻ׼ĵϣݺݵĳһơ
İˣЩһ߿ţȴҶ֡ʶԪΣԪεɱ˽ģǶܶһĻΪ˻ˡ
ҲˣҪ֪ȻƽʱԪвʲô˺ôҲǼ棬ԪζǿڽĿԼ͹ŷ緢ͻԪλԼ磬ǹŷ硣
ڵ龰ȴˣȻ֪ԪΪʲôԼ
Ĺ۾˭׺й٣Ϊܹ𣿾Ⱥͺ¿ٶҪƵߣʲôԪκ۾˵
ɵˣ׺йôôû˵һʲôĴڣȻȻˣҲһĴ㶯һСָͷǽҡ
ڣԪȴ˵ּŷ綼ҪƵߣԼ˲ܵˡ
ʱһ̲ס˵Ϲ˭ô˰Щڽĵųǲм
Ϊĺб£ڿˡ
ˣǹŷ̫ǿһֶҪƵߵˣθҵ
ڣĳĶˡĻ̲סһ˳ȥߵڵϡ
ˣ㺦ˡڷ쭣ŷȴһͷɫ˽һۣ˵ǻｻˣˡ
İɣһᴦõġԪЦ˵
ڹŷ磬ӵˣֻȴû˷Ƿ֮룬һˣܹõġ
ŷ뿪֮ԪϵЦʧˣɪɪĽһۣ˵㵹ùˣ˭ãȻҵ٣㰲ĵȥɡ
Ļһ̱Ԫһ仰̡


498 μҴ
ڲп껺ʱһܵ˲أֻƤ˶ѡ
Ȼܺ壬ǶԴȴû̫֣ϾԷҲǳ̫˴ǡ
زǷģЩ˲鷳ˡŷЦ˵
˵ɫЩɻ󣬲֪ŷΪʲôҪô˵ڽĵƣǻһ˽ģгûа취ԷͷС
Ͻղŵ˵һ飬ſڶ¹ŷ˵ʱ껺̲סŭ̫ˡ
ôˣ֮Щĵʵ
ʹûһøУǱϾԼֶŮĳʲôĻҲǲԸ⿴ġ
ŷʼ磬Ц˵̫ˣǸѿܴˡ
껺һ㶣׹ŷ˵Ĵʲô˼ɫ䣬Ͻ˵ŷ磬Сɣֻһӣ£ȻһЩ֣ﲻһΰɡ
ŷû뵽飬Ҳò׼ϾԪΪμҵĹӣԲˮ˵Ѿ˼ʧˡ
ȻΪģŷ绹ó绰֪Ԫεֻ룬Ǳȴ֪
ֻǸոó绰㽫ֻװڴˣɻ񣬹ŷЦ˵ø绰ˣѾˡ
Ȼŷ绰䣬ű㱻ˡ
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Ԫγֵʱ̲סһ信ôʱ䣬μҹӣǲİģ֪Էǿƣʹ信ԪΣҪ֣˿
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Ԫκܻ£֪ݵʱ򣬱ûжֵĴ㡣ԷȻǹŷ˵ˣͱҪͨŷ
һأͬʱҲԪζԹŷֺáμҺǿڳԹŷȽȽǣǲ˿ġ֮仹ͬˣŷ˶ľһΡ
Ȼ˵Щǹŷͷκδˡ
Ǿͷ˰ɣ϶ҪеģҲٴŲͰ̵ŷν˵Ȼһ࣬ѯ
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ɫЩ꣬ǿԵĻһమֻҲףһжֻѡ
ܹ£һܹ£ǵΪˣ˭Ҫ
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ԷԵ޹ʵԼһŷףԪһ϶ʲô顣
ȻԪ΢΢һЦЩ顱Źŷ磬Ȼһж۾һµġ
ܲܲҪôġŷüͷͬӣǶԷҪҵԼϣԼĿָ꣬оͲˡ
ܡԪκܹϵ˵
ŷ磺
һ˵ʲôɣҸһ£һ֮һսбʤİ𣿡ԪĿƣڹŷϡ
ʣԪҲУֶʡ
ŷѪһս˭ʤ˭ܶ˲²ѪӮ󣬵ǽŷı̫ˣǿߴս·磬ҶԷɪĳǿߣŷͷһȥ
ûиԪԭ򣬹ŷЩɻʵʲô𣿡
ȻУ㲻ѪĶ֣μһ֣Ǿս֮ǰһЩ飬һѪʵֱѪʧ䡣Ԫ˸ž⣬˵
ŷ۾͵һμʲô˼ҪõֻΪʲôҪô
϶벻ףΪʲôҪô𣿡ŷɫԪȻ֪ʲô
ŷͷȷʵ̫⡣ɱѪ񣬶μ˵ҲûʲôôȻԼѣȴûбҪΪһսԼĵ̶ɳ
һιľҵˣ֣һȺˣ³֮ǣƿ׼ң˵Ӧò³˭˰ɣԪЦ˵˸ž˵ĺ⡣
Ѫħŷش


499 
Ⱥ쵰ǲһ㺦Ķľұһȥ𣿡Ԫηʵ
ľμ֦ͬĬκһұǵͬʱҡ
ѪħΪǲݣǷŭǿ׼ҵǣסǲֵʧô֡
ǾѪħ֣ҪѪѪħǧΪܳһӻɱѪħʧȥδ
ҿ϶ʲȥѪһսǲò֣һսұʤŷ˵һĨɵϡ
Ԫüͷ壬ЩɻʵΪʲôôģȷʵףӵõϷŷһ涼ûбʤİգѪܿ£ôݷ˭Ҳֲǿûһ˽⡣
ΪұӮŷЦ˵ܱ뺷ɡ
ӮԪסˣ֮ЦЦòϣŵȻԪεУԼҲԱΪš
ȻѾõ˹ŷĴ𸴣ԪҲ飬ֱ뿪ҽԺԼõϢ˻ȥ
ŷǻص˲常ĸе˺κãΪǰסԺ
˳һٷһֱϣŷ뿪С棬ԵЩĬ
ʱ̧ͷŷһۣͷ֪Щʲô
ôˣ£ŷʵ
㵽һʲôˣ̾Ϣ
һˣһˣһֵŮȥĺˡŷ֪ܣԼ
ЩԹ壬ʱȴЦãˣҸоء뵽ŷı֣ȴòһ㣬ŷȷʵһˣȻôĵĻ
ˣҾ㵽ˣԼȥɡ͵Сſڣ˵
ŷȴûжֱ㶵վȵĶ壬Сһֲ˼ĸо
㻹ʲô彿
һ飿ŷЦ˵ȴЩΣա
屾ܵľ쵽ãһԵĲ⣬Щ䱸ĶŹŷ磬Сʵʲô飿
Ǳ𡣡
˵֣ŷֱӸĴϡ
סˣ彩ӲԵЩ֪룬ڹŷȵ֮£ܿڻˣŷڻУͷСɨһֻƮƮɵĸо
еһΣ֪˽ǾȻôõһ顣
ֱһ𣬲Ž˾ѣɫߺ죬ֱûˡΧ۵Щ˴󲿷ֶСھӣܶ඼ǳ󣬵Լȴһڴ֮ͥ£޼ɵӵǣҲˡ
ѾͷİɣЦģСӲģǿˡһ迪ڣԲֿЦȻһִĸо
ڴߣһݹ᾵ˣ§Ŵķ֫Ц˵СȻҲһ㣬ҲǲˣѾͷŬץҸ
ŷ翴˿һҪȱĳ嶯һҲ̫ܳ˰ɣȻҲ˵Լ˧
ǿ˵ĳ嶯ŷǿЦЦȻĶӣʵǶסЩҸоʵ̫õˡ
̲סЦ˳ٴμĿ⼯еԼϣ̲סɫһ죬˵תܡ
ڵˣȻǸʱ򶼺ߣֱ̫ҪˡǸҡͷ˵ΪѹɤȻܴ󣬼ʹܳһξ룬Ļ
ǰǸʱϲԷǾ˯һ𣬶ô򵥵鰡ʲôúߵģ᲻ǸСӵ⡣Ҳڡ
϶ǵģȻôĻΪʲôҪ뿪ҿĺӡ
Χһ̾ϢȻΪŷ֮ԲҪ뿪ġ
Ҫùŷ֪һУ϶Ҫɱ˵ĳ嶯Ŵǿô⡣
ҲǵĻһ򣬲һˤˣǸǿĴʹ壬ٴһʶ
ҵϼһͻˡ֪ʲôʱٴγ֣ɫЩӡ
ǿУһаħһ·պҪ鷳ˡŷЦ˵
Щ⣺㿴ˣ
ǡ
ŷͷûзϡ
ΪʲôҪһҰĲǿߣԺʲô飬Ҷûа취֤һʲô飬ǺڶЦ˵֪ŷôġ
ŷȴÿɷЦ˵ӰΪϴȻҪæڣΪǸϼһܹʲôˣֻҪжģɱ
ŷţڵʵҪɱһǿߣһǳѵ顣
û˵Źŷзִ磬ԥһ£˵ˣˣǿ󣬵˵ЩҲǴ˵еʹ
֪ˡ
ŷоһû˵ʲô


500 
һΣŷûд볽ų֣Լ飬վҪԼʹǵʵ¸߲̫Ļŷ粢ûʤĻᡣ
һжˣֻܳеĿ籩꣬ǿΪµǿߡ
Ϊʲôŷ§żѾȫŮ˯ʱ򣬽ٻͻȻ۾ŷһ䡣
ŷһ㶣ǽٻѣˣԼһŮûпءȻŷ粻ˣЩĬȴ쳣ԼԭŮˣŷϲġ
һʱ̫æ¶ԷѾСŮˡ
ͳţ㲻ڻʲô𣿡ŷɫԵŽٻɫͨ졣
ͬʱٻڹŷԼ壬ҲһЩԺ
ҧŴ˵ξժ
ֽιǵ񣬼һ貵Ľоùŷ˲Դ󷢣ǣһսٴչ
ţҳȥô糿𴲵ʱ򣬳ȥϰ࣬ȴŷסˡ
ЩȵĿ˹ŷһۣһ޴ĸо
һʱ䣬ŷӴĲ࣬һֱĸоȻͻȻȻһֲӦС
Ҫϰءһ£˵һ䡣
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ҿԾܾ𣿡Ц˵С˻һİԵ
ŷԥһ£˵ԣûκá
ꡣ
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Ĵŷ֣û˵˵أϲ֪˭һڣԲһ·˵˯𣿡
ŷŷ֣ŵĺȦȻûϢá
ŷȴЩ⣬ܹսһҹء
СѾͷȹһʱ䣬Ͷˣֻܹ˽һҹˣõˣϲϵġŷ绵Ц˵ͬʱڽȵϺݺݵһѡ
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һҹֱֳ˵ûһ뷨ǸܣִŮǰŮһǾû£Ҳӻ϶Щ֪һܶ˿ĸо
ŷȻҲȴȶˣֻȴЩϧģŷҪһõĻ䡣
뵽ŷЦ˵ѾͷʲôأϽԷѧҺȥ¡
˵ѧһЩ˵
ĪСҲӷ߳ʱŷȴѾˡ
ǽȥ棿ŷѯʡ
ȻԵǲǿȨԼŮˣˣŷأԹŷҪѯ
ԥһ£ڵһǻȥϰɡ
ŷһ㱻ˣԼûϸŮ˵ԴѵҲľͷûпԼĴ㡣
ŷЩֵͷû˵Ҫȥϰ顣
ȥǿɡ˵
ǣŷЩɻԼԼ֡
ǵģǰ׺һŴַĺ˵һʯǳ飬ֻҪʯԸ£ܹһǾȥôЩڴŹŷ硣
жеαװһŮĶˣùŷȻĶ
ȻûоܾɣҼϲȻûκһʱ䣬ġ
ŷͷԵúܸˡ
һ·˵ЦǡһĳڹŷУԼĳǽЩִװοͣŷľһֻص˹Ŵĸо
ò˵ע⣬գΪһء
Ȼòܹɷݿϣ϶ЩνǳҪÿĶࡣ
ȥαװһˣȽٻȥ
ڶʿʵУŷ߶˵ԽԽ˿˹ŷĻС
˵ĻУһֵΪȫĸĸоκο籩꣬޷ݻ˶Լı
˵һֱöáܵİ۾ŷĵ˵ںŷжŮˣȴںǹŷ粻ܾ뿴ŷ粻ͣش
ôһģڣһҵ֣ΪǳһƬûաŷ˵ׯصԼԡ
ЦˣڹŷĻû˵ˣǺ˧ģȻ߹ŷ磬ղűԵˡ


501 Ǹ˽йŷ
ûоãԼǽĹŷǧ˳ҲͬŮһ㣬һУȥеļŷһ档
ʱһֵഺŮˣͷԼױȵá
С
һĿ֣һͷҲأŹŷ뿪
ŷЩȣ΢΢תͷһۣڵһˣһϣ߸żڣǳͷӡ
ҪߣɫЩż˵ס
ıڳҪס˵ȥ·
ʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˣ΢΢һ˭ҲûпôֵģֻǼȴڵϡ
Χ˵һŷг𾪣˺ÿ֡
ɫһ䣬ֹŷɫƵĶԼʱԼеˡ뵽¶һĨ΢Ц˵ʱ򣬹ŷٴζˡ
һȭͷ˵ǰŴһ仰û˵˹ȥ
ΧĿɿڴУŷȥ
뿪ǣЩֹĵʵ㲻֪Ǹ˭𣿡
ŷ˵ͷʵĻش𣺡֪
Ϊʲôʣ
ԸҵģҾͻȥ㲻Ը˵ģҲǿ㣬ǰˣ޷ӵһԼ˽ֻҪ֪ǰҵľˡŷ˵СŮˣܹ̫ˣһ˳ŵڣܲףΪһ˿
۾ˣжͶŷĻУ˵лл㡣
ŷĽӵ뻳Уʲôû˵һ̣ǵȴǳ
ҪҰɡ˵һģٵȥˣΪ˵ŮˣԺʵ뷨
ŷûоܾҲܾأҪģԺúõĶԴԷ
ûлرҵһݣҪߵε׼䣬ס˽ȥ
ȥϴ衣ɫЩ˵ʹѾ˾µͷȴ̲סɬ
ԡңŷٺһЦȻʵ
ȫ·ǹ⣬ŷͬ˽ȥ
ľӵһ
ͬǰ׺еһƵ꣬ǸԼ£ŭʵôãûҵСС㣬ǸʲôԵģȺʲôã
һί˵ϰ壬ûãϵЩѣһ֣һЫͲٴˣСʲôµһ
ʲôµĻЩ˼顣ԼŮǺ˽ģԷôһֱͨʲôʱȻ׺еĻ춼ôɵˡ
Ы뵽Щ˼顣
ûƭңʶĲһ㣬üͷʵ
ǸЦôأһʧȥԼķ롣
Ҳ֪Լһɵ⣬ھԲԼģ뵽˵ɫ΢΢ЩһԤУԼĿģʵֲˡ
Ҳһ½СߵǸˣĻǸ˵˲á´
Ϣܿ촫˻һαڵɫȻ΢΢Щס
˵˳˵֪Էʲô˲ͷĻ²ɫ
һǿѹסԼе𾪣֮ſ˵Ǹǰ׺й١
ûκΣֱֱ˵˹ŷݣȴɴ۾ʲô˼һ
׺й٣ͷ̫ˣģ֪׺йٵģڣ˽ɵ֮⡣
ô͹һ𣿡ʵΪԼˡ
Ǳˣһжð죬ǰ׺й٣һ֪鲻ðˡ
֪ٻ⣬к֪ܶСʣһ𣬲֡ڻش
Ȼڣȴĳ嶯˦˦ͷ˰֣ñȥ
߹⣬绰ͨһ롣
磬鷳ˣѾͷˡЩɥ˵
ɱ˶ԷѾͷ绰Ǳһһ顣

ΪʲôȻ䣬ȴһ˿졣
һЦ˵Ǹ˽ŷ硣
绰Ǳ߳Ĭ˺ܳʱ䣬Ǹһ˹ȥ飬Ǵˡ


502 
ʱڱеĹŷ磬ڷǿҵı仯
ʹûпȻǴ˵еһʣ˵еİʣŮ˱ȼ֮ӵĳɫ
ŷʱ򣬱Ѿ쵽һУʱԼҪô֮ŮˣһǼ䱦ģõĲҩ
֮УڽںС˫ޣһߣԲȡַ϶ɾҲᵼݽߣڷ
ŷȻôӵΪˣͣڣȻЧۿۣǶڹŷ˵Ѿһ޴ջˡ
Ϊͻƣܿͻƾڣһ磬ŷתϢ֮Уγһ磬һ̣ȫС˵԰ĦǾĽڣױȵĿУȫû
һҹ˾ͱơʵһ֮ͻȻҵĶŹŷ磬УܵʲôµĴ̼һ
ŷҲ۾̲סЦ˳
˱µĿгĲӣŷһҸĸоһҹĿУ۵糿űּµҪоκŮ˶ܲ˰ɡ
Ȼȵǿҵĳȥ֮˿һ
ŷȴ֪״̬ĺá
һӴϣγɵ쳣ֲģ൱һߵȫΪ
Ҳ˵ʱѾΪһߡȻҲֻΪ˵սһֶɱ
һߣȴ˺ϾһߵĻ͹һߺһˡ
֮󣬵֪ԼѾһߣʱסˡôҲ벻ֻһϵʱ䣬ԼȻֱ仯
ܵǼ޾ĵЦˣ֪ԼȻﲻ˹ŷʲôӵʵֻҪԼŬܰһ졣
ŷĵ绰ٻĻ֮Щ˵ɫ
ôˣЩĵʵ
һȺ֮ͣҪҽ㽻ȥҪŷкһҪԼŮ˽ȥԷĺ
ɫһףܵ˵ǣ϶ǣҾ֪ǲŹҵġ
˭˭ŷѯʡ
ŷʻ΢һ£ʶԼûбҪ£ǰԼߣ˭Ҳ˺Լ
뵽͵Ǹˣҵľ˾¬ΣҲ֪˭С˾˵ǲǷˣҪҸӡ
ǳˣŷһ⣬ĵŷЦ˵õģڣ˭Ҳ㣬ҵŮˣֻԼܾԼδ˭Ҳܾ
һǿı֤ŷ˵óܹõԸһȥػԼŮˡ
лл㣬ϹжˣŮʱܼ򵥣Ϊһ仰жĿǷġ
ǸԵģǸģҪǿı۰ΪǴһƬȫҸա
뿪Ƶ꣬ϻر
ŷ籧Щ߽һȺ˵ʱ򣬶ٻһߣɫԵЩÿɫ˵Ҳҵļ￴İˣҹ
Ļܲڳİˡ
۵һŷ˲ơ
ҽżҵĶԴ˵̬ȣһʵɫ쳣ƣŷ绳еһ⡣

ŷ翴һۣͻȻһ
ǸɫѪ죬ŵŵŵ˺üȻ͵һѪ
ŷкһһǿѪŷĿɨˣ˵ʮϢʱ䣬ҵıǶҪ
ŷĻǿƣɱ⡣
ȺԵЩңǴûˣղ˵ߣ֮ǿĴڣȴסŷһȺǹŷҪɱ˵Ļǻĵס
Ҫ˵ԼŷԽԽ䣬ǻðȻеľ壬һȺ˳˳ȥ
û˸ľ˾ˣ֪ŷһʲôӵˡ׺й٣ɱϵĴʣ˵ɱˣ;ԲΪԷݣʲô뷨
еĲ֮Ͷ뿪ˣļŮ˲һղŶԷٵʱ򣬴ѹʵ̫ˣʹȸǶסûз


503 Ҳ
ֱЩ뿪ȸ̲ס˵ȺĻ쵰ֱ̫ˣһѹˣǹƵ˵ٻǣͺƴˡ
óȸСƢ̵ڣʵ̫ˡ
Ǵ򲻹ǣֻϹס档ӿڣձСŮˣ˹ŷ֮󣬼ֱǱһˣƽʱ٣ȴᶨĸڹŷߡ
ΪʲôҪǵ̬Ⱥᣬǹ˼ɵ㣬¸ղžѾǿжˡٻԵúܷŭƽʱᣬٷƢɴ˿ɼԷղŵ̬ǶôĶӡ
Բ𣬶ǡЩǸε˵
ΪԼΪ鷳ôյί
ĴȺ쵰ΪԼүԾ˵ˣԲŻᴦһȣһϵûСȸȰ
ʲôҲҪˣ˵ûйϵйϵҲǵĽãϹŮˣҲݲ۸üͷϴһĨŭ⣬ŮֳڼΪάġ
۾Щ죬ٻǵĻж˼㡣
İɣйŷڣģǴ򲻹ŷġĪСҲǰЦ˵
ʦҲڰбңϹ򲻹ʦҲֵģ㲻Ҫġ˵ĪС壬ܿǵУΪͥһԱ
˵ͷֻɫȴ˸м
֪ҪʲôŷһĨ
ʲôŮɫһ
һۣŷЦ˵ǰʣЩҪΪĶ¯ԲҪ
ŷĻȸ¶Ծɫȵ˵찡˵еİʣܹһͻƿǶǿ߶ãֲ˽ˡ
ţѾûǸЧˡŷаЦ˵
ŷĻ뵽ղŹŷ籧Ůǻ벻ô£Ҳ̫ˡ
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509 ɱһǬ
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˵ܹǿߣǿЦž磬ΪԼǾ콾أǿ߷ַӶɱ
Ǳ߳Цŷȴɫżˣʵ˵𣿡
һ㶣ƽЦ˵дܿȻģΪƾܹɱǣ
ҲɱǡŷĨĨӣЦ˵
һ㶣׹ŷʲô˼˽ĹŷԸڶԷӦѾ̲סֲŶԡ
ڹŷȴ˵ɱǣѵνİ׺й٣ʵûдô
뵽ǵɫӵİȻˣŷӵĲм
ʱ򣬻ű˸ʹࡣɫЦһЦͻȻ˳ȥ
˶ûпôֵģȫڵϣѪֵĶɫ
ǵ书ƽڣ˻
ƾȺҲƹŷ磬ֱ֪νеʸûУǵΪǸһͷɫЦ˵
ڰ׺бô죬гֵĻˣһüĸо
˲ЦǸƽɫԹ˵ڵġ
ȥġɫֱһƳ˳ȥƽȷ˳ȥм˵ŷ粻мɱ㣬Ҳɱ㣬ʬɡ
۵ɱԣɫȹŷ綼ҪǿʢѾתɱֵʱԲ˿뷨
ʣµļǲ˵ˣ˭Ҳû뵽ԷȻĸɱˣһԥûС
һΪܱȱɱҪõĶ࣬˲ɵȻʱȥɫ
Źŷ뿪ЩɫԹ
ô죿
ƽˣǵΪҲˣһε鲻ôˣҪ߼еĳ
˾ǱѵվʹΪϣǿҲǵһ˴ֻͻȻʧȥĸо˷ǳĲˡ
ּҴƽɱҡܼҡżҼĵΪϡϢ˳ȥʱˣ˭Ҳû뵽ʱ򣬹ŷ羹Ȼ޼ɵĳˡ
ֻôУʱһ˵ΪɱҪء
ſϷɣһε鲻ôճéɽɸϣǳֻ֡
аӿŷȴδ
һ棬ٸӲˣֻǿܹоƲϵķ٣һʢľܵȼţǱ쳣ֲġ
Ͻվǰ棬Եøɲ⣬ϲʱɢһɽصϢ֮η
ôʵ
˹£Ҫŷиĵˣŷ翴ˣǲںϽķ
ٵ˵ͷϵϴһĨΣЦľ̫ڶˣܹŽһЩ߶ƨ
ѵ˵ֻڹڵһЩ˵Ϊǳķŭ
Ͻû˵һֱȻǿڹĶ˵һһľ档
칬Щ˵Ҫݳ䣬ҲԸģȫֹ֧ŷ磬ɱһǬͻȻöϽ͵̧ͷ¶𾪵ɫԼղġ
ȫֹ֧ŷ磬ɱһǬ仰Ǵӱ˵Ŀ˵ûκǷٲһΪǷ٣ÿһ仰һӴڳŵ
ȥɡһ̣о䣬ʲôѵľеĽһӾʹˡ
ǡ
Ͻͷֱ뿪
칬ħ磬ǽ֮أǵģ˭ҲȾָǰ;Լȥգ˭Ҳ޷ƿǵˣǲģǾսɡһ̣ٵϱս⡣
ŷҲûţϸѯȻֵеˣȴĽ˵˳
֪һ֮󣬹ŷЩĬѾԿ϶ȷʵΪϲԼԲħС
׼ȷ˵ⲻħǻϲÿʥŮҪһ˵е١


510 ɱ
ֹһŮȸЦ˵
ŷԵЩգƵ˵Ҳ֪Ҵûʲô̫˧Ȼһ
ȸ
ˣûʦǵϢŷѯʣ칬з飬ǿ߶ҪطǰȸܵҽʥطϢ˵ǲռس䡣
ûУҲˣϾ칬֮Уô飬칬ȻҲɵһȺǿˣȸ
ŷӣЩƵ˵ʵΪֹҶ֪칬ˣǿȥ칬ʲô
˹ŷһۣȸܵ˵Ҳ֪
ŷ磺
칬Ŀģŷ絹ЩˣϾÿһʱ䣬Щ˶ǿٻȥȻȥô򵥣϶бĿġ
ֻĿģ³Ⱥǿߣ˭ҲȺǿӦҲҪ͸©ȻĻȸ֪ܲ
ôˣϹһ죬ֱɱ칬һж𡣡ȸЦ˵
ҶѾ֪ԯ飬֪ŷĹϵһ죬ŷɱȥģӲԶˡ
ŷͷ뵽ǸһŮˣеĳһ鲻Խ
ŷе飬ȸûмʣЩˣԼϹһûиˣǲأעظ飬ֵⷴԼˡ
ȸţǳµԼŷҲ϶ôֵġ
ŷ磬һŭը˶ܹоһֲϢһǿߣԼȫͷţг
еˣȥ档ŷЦ˵Ȼûнһǿ߷С
ȸͷС˵СġչһЦݺݵ˵Ǹ쵰JJ߱ղŻô㹲ȴأû뵽ͱһ쵰ˡ
ȻźµŮˣƢǺܻ𱬵ġ
ŷЦŵͷû˵ֱӳվһߣϢĵǿ󣬳˿ֲϡ
ҵˡܵϵϢŷЩȵ˵
˽⣬ֻλʲôʱһλǿˣܵԷϵϢ̫ȶʱ򣬹ŷȻˣԷȻոͻƣĻǷҵһλ棬뵽Լɱ˶ԷֵܣȻλҽʣ棬Լ̸ĵġ
ְɣȻûлˡŷ米˫ֵ˵һǿߣȴ˿ûнԷС
Թŷڵʵ£Ҳ϶Ķ֣Ѿӵ˺ɨµʱ
ǵ̳֣ŷ罫޾κˡ
ŭû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Լ
ԼľġŭһֱֻӸ֮ˣŷһƬռ䶼ˣֻȴȻɻȴһ˺ûС
һĻһ㶣ԥתߡ
˺˹ŷ磬ʶԼǹŷĶ֣ʱߵĻ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿز
ߵ𡣡ŷڷĶһֱ̤˷ǰȻһ˳ȥ
ŭ𶯾죬ǿﶼ·Ҫˡ
Ƿȴž֪ԼסŷһԷʵ̫ǿˣѾǿߵľ硣
⻹Ǿ뵽пɬ
䡣
һ죬ķѣѪɽŷɱ
ŷڲ֮ϣһ飬趯·һۣ˻һһһѪ
ǿˡǴһĨЦݣϵĹŷ磬δžϲ
Ǹˣ˵սżҵĴˣȻһ죬׵ҲһɡϽޱ˵ֻ۾ȴһĨ𾪡
ΪԼΪͻƣѾǺˣں͹ŷȴһĸоԼô꣬˹ȥˡ
ãżǵϣҵϣܶŷ缸ʱʲôƨħ磬ʲôƨ칬Ҫ䡣ٴЦ
ϽɫЩӵŷ٣Ѿ֪ж೤ʱ䣬ɾˣûôЦˡ
ϵĹŷ磬Ͻа˵СӣҪʧҪ÷ʧΪ䣬̫ˡ
ŷһۣ˵ͷȻѾ˶ϽͷٵĴڡ
Ȼŷһ̤һ㣬صԼķУͨ񣬵ﵽĳ߶ȵʱͷʵû̫


511 ɽ
һǿ߱ɱұݣǺܶȴкãΪŷʶ˹ŷʵ
ɱǿߣҲأ˵УǶ˵ŷʵһֲ콾ѾȫˣҲֻ̣ܹɱŷ硣
еһУڰнС
éɽɴ䣬һˣ˶éɽʱûһͨˣȫߡ˶һٴеĸо֪ۼһȺʲôˣȫƶ˵ǲϣЩ˷嶯ֻԲǵ־Ϊתƣһ죬עҪһսҲء
ŷ缸˽У˶ܿǣŷմȾϣϾѾдԣéɽɴ䣬ʵԹŷǵһıҪŷնɱ
ľҲһߣʮ㣬ŷʱк̬ȷǳ
ŷܹߵڣܵʢ纣ľһֲܿǿߣ̤ǿС
ǰһǰŷǷǳģԷѣλľǰһܳĸо
Ͼ֮УǿΪ𣬹ŷʵ֮ϣȫûбҪô
μҲһˣֽȱһС˵еĴʦһɺϵǣҲõҲһҪǿߵǿߡ
׼Ҳ˹ߣһۣһ壬ɢһ֮
˳֮ȱͶľ죬ԵĹ
ŷ֪߽Ϊ游ȴû뵽һԳ
ʿ̸ţºһһȻɣһɵϣ˺أɫСˣҲòĿڿ쳣ڡ
ŷҲһڿϣܵһʦϣҵǳ
һɽܶ˵ע⣬˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻߵôǴĻéɽҪˡ
˿ǵ۹г˾ηȴҿֻʱ˭Ҳ˵ŷһ£ϾվһһǿȺ۶ӡ
ŷҲз٣ֻ˶ûйǵ˵ͷǴкˡ
ŷҲ⣬϶˼ɣҲ㣬ҪڽéɽɴϣһЩʲô飬ԲûԼк
ŷȴûпʲôˣЩ⡣
ȵéɽ֮󣬲ŷж죬һéɽ䣬ںһɽϾУ˶ϵǸط
һɽ壬Ǳһƽһˣ¶һ˿𾪵ɫ
ʲôܹò˵éɽȻûжǽֻôһأѾ㹻ѹȸС
ɽ룬һ͹Ĵʯͷڷλÿдٵʱ򣬶ᱻȥ
˶ȥˣֻйŷû˽Ӵ˼ԣŷ类ˣ˵éɽɸûнŷС
˶һĻҪ֪ŷô
ǵϣŷ粢ûҵһĵطվһ²ؼ߸߹ӣúܶ˲ˡ
ߣһΪ׺йĺ˲أ̨ӶϲȥҲʲôϵ̨ˣéɽɾûнСһǹŷŭéɽɷͻ
ŷɫ䣬һߵСȴЦһͻȻ֣ȺץһУȻһɱ
䡣
˻Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ŷһ˾Ȼ޼ɵɱˡеӣȻǷ֮ˣֻǲ֪һɵˡ
ϣɱ̨ɽӡʯ棬һɮȻŭղǸеĻ˵ģԷҲһȴû뵽С׵˳Ȼ˲ɱԮĻᶼûС
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ʱڳз֮˶СŭĿӣȻĻڳкжŭˡ
ϣ㲻ɱ̨ɽӣǷڵӣҶȻ㡣Ǹɮŭ˵ҪС̨֣ɽ
СղſڳԣøһɣܹɱСĻҲ¹ŷ籣ϾΪڳ֮˶սǹŷҪɱĻ֮˾Բӡ
ֺ£ôܷŹ
ɮʲôƺˣȴҪһǾСʵɮ𾳽ΪδܹɱС
ĵӣȻŷô죬Ҳ˲˽ܣԽһ󾳽ԵУδزܰ쵽


512 ɱɮ
éɽɵԱûгάֳ棬йȻϣŷܹ˷ͻ
Сɮһۣм˵ϻ㲻ҵĶ֡
ɮɫСĻŭЦڵ˶ôԴ𣿾ƶɮĳúõĽѵһ°ɡ
ʦԼʸСЦˣֻЦȴ쳣
ɮɫһôҲû뵽СȻͷʦȻ뵽ɮе㲻Ҷˡ
Ͼ켫ʵ̫ˣĽСôˣʱµĻ̨ɽδصסġ
νĵ̣ǰʲôѾӵ̵ĵز
ɮ˵ˣСȴŹԷ˵ɣϹɱղһСвټһϺУͲˡ
СĻɮɫŭС˵ʩȰ㲻ҪƶɮǼɵʦʾƶɮ㡣
Ҳ֪㲻ңҲ㶯ֵģѵҶֵûУϺУ㻹ǲһˣСЩƵʵ
˶ֻԣϼһôϵء
ɮɫ࣬ʱǻӦĻԺͲóˣݣǺжܡ
뵽ɮСɱ˸
ͶˣϺУǴһɡСЦֻ˭ҲΪһǺģϾղŲɱһˣڱһԼսֶΣһ붼ĺ
ɮ˵ֱ֣Ҫһ棬ֻһ취ǾǽСܣȻĻ˵ʲôûãСɮǺ͸ˣǼɵˣҪɱ˵ġ
һսСȫһˣɫָƽо˸ɮĹӭȥ
䡣
һ죬ͬʱˣСһĨ̺죬Ц˵ʹ죬ȻΪһȭ
˵֮СٴԷ˹ȥ
ɮɫȻղСһͷ·ҪѿˣʱСʱһӲֻòȶСĹ
ΪСĿͷܴ󣬿϶ܲֻɮû뵽ǣڼȴûκô㵽κλãСȭƶ
ɮɫһݣʱףСԲԼ֮£ֻӲͷƤСײ
ֲĴɮˣСˣһս񣬺ֱײɮѪ̲סһѪ˳
ˣСĹˣɮסۼҪɱ
̨éɽɵۿԣһ˷˹С֡
ʱɫˣһѪ⣬ֱɱֵǸˡ
ԷɫܵɫһǿҵסɫһιҲʧȥ˾ԮɮĻᡣ
Сͬһֻͻһȭɮͷ­飬Ѫĵǡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǸոտʼѪ鷢õһԻӲҡ
éɽҪԸŷ磬˶ܿȻ֪ʲôʱԹˣȴһʵ
ǾȻéɽɴɱˣǲéɽɵ𣿡ɫһéɽɵӺʣ˸
һۣɫͻȻ¶ݺݵɫŭ۾Ϲˣǵڳͬ۾Ϲˣȶֵģ㾹ȻǣéɽɣҪ𣿡
ɫĻʱǸϾһжéɽĬ֮·ģ鷢ʱ򣬾ֹĻҲᷢ顣
ôͣéɽָǰɱǸСʵ
ɱɱҪΣ㻹ûʸǶԻɫ쳣ǿƣһӶûиԷ
ȻԷһ𣬵Ǻɫݱǲ̫࣬Ϊ޷ĵӣԷҪһĵλԴǣȴǣǶģȴʦ
ҹŷѾǰ׺аɱǿߣˣȻһλȻƣɫûбҪΪһˡ
ɫĺǳ⣬ǸéɽɵӴŭҪʱһʵ飬éɽˣλǹٰɣ޷ĵɫʦλҽʥȸС㣬λʥС㣬ͽСʿ³лϲڵС㣬ǵλѾźˣ˲£˹أ¡
һʵӣʮ꣬ɢһǷˡ
֮éɽɵӶ¶ݺ;ɫǼԼһ


513 ʯ̨
˭ŷüͷһ壬ͻȻֵ꣬һвĸоԷǿ̺ſֲǱȻʯ쾪
éɽɵƽ죬ǳأ˵ʲô칬ʮĴڡ仰شġ
³ͷ϶˵éɽɺ칬еĴйϵӦڴɵһ֧칬УɵĽԽ̵ǳ
Ķ𣿡ŷʵ
³һ£Ȼҡҡͷ˵֪ҺӦڲ֮䣬û֣˭Ҳұ֤Լʤ
³ĻŷͷֹоӵģһпٲȻΪ൱ΪֶεԭսĽҲкܴĲ
³ĻǳпϣûӵˣûԼ
⵹һ˼ˡŷһĨаЦǴéɽɵƽ̣Ҳ֪ԼѪսˡ
һս³Цʵ
ǣڣԺлġŷҲͬЦ˵
³о˸˵ͷû˵
쿪ڣɫȴ˿ӣЦʲô˵ʲôʲô𣿡
éɽɵĵص㣬ǾԴ˵ģǺЦѵéɽɾʦ޷һ𣬲һéɽɣСҲͬʡ
ɫһߣȻܽҲ˵Ļ
޷ˣڳټͷȻ칬УҲǳɵ
ǿĴڣ˭Ҳ֪Ϊжǿ칬еɣȴǿ߰ݷùˣͨ뿪дʲô̲ס²⡣
뵽Ͻ˵λˣҴûǸ˼λǰϵǿߣұг羴Ȼ뷨
˼̨ɽʦˣɫЦеʵ
ɫһһȺڵŭĿӵʱЩͷۣ޲ýɫ͸˺ˣܽ⿪ͷֻޡ
˵̨ɽ޷ǣͻеķڵӣȻéɽΪţҲǲġ
Ϊѵӣŷ̲סЦ˳˵ɫǲҪˣĿǲҵˣǺαرأϾ˭ôĵӣ˵ʵġ
ŷĻɫ쳣ѿǳķ̣˵˵Сҵ֮ˡ
Ҳһ̨£εЦһ˵Ĳڷоηλ̨ɡ
Ȼ棬վˡ
ŷ絭һЦ³˵ҡ
³ҲͷһۣҲЦ˵Ҳҡ
˵ĶԻǳ鴤һ£ûзֻǿŷ˵Щ
˶ס˺Źŷǵʯ̨ϣȻһһǡ
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éɽɵĵ̣ɱˣߵ˸ǴéɽɵҪãһˣ
ڳܶ˵뷨
Ҳûʲô˵ģһΪһλܹһˣԭҲô£ûС˱˵νĴλЩм
Щ˳ǣû˵һ͵λڱСôһ˵Ƿһֲĸоˣƨһһ
ŷСһۣû˵˵ʲôǱʾéɽɶԹأ
СĵͷȻЩ˼˵ǲǿһЩҪ󣿡
ɡŷָָ졣
棬ǺЦֻҪéɽģһӦ
ĻС۾һЦ˵Ǻã˵éɽħʬƳɵĽʬΪƷɡ
ۡ
̨ϣ̨µ˶һҪѪĳ嶯һﻹ˵ҪħʬƳɵĽʬƷͷôġ
ŷ綼̲ס沿鴤˼£̲ס˵С׼˵˼éɽô󷽣
ŷСҪ˵컹еøУĻʱͻȻһŭ
˵éɽСǿͷħʬéɽɵĵ̣ĲСҰŭ
ȴȻЦݣ˵Цˡ
һۣŷ˵ʵ㲻ôǿЦݣҲ⣬˿ްɿްɲ


514 Ůå
һû˵ֻǶԹŷ̬ȣȴǸղһ
β¶ˣһö˰ɣɫ˵˵ǴһС
ɫСʦˣéɽɵĴ䣬ôܻᶯأ˵Цˡһϵһ̤նһˣɣһһ̨ף·
ݣñ¡ŷоһ͵
СѣŷСˡ߿һɷǵʣ׷趯˼㡣
ס칧ĺһùŷһ˾ȻĸףҲéɽɵƽ
ΪéɽɱѾã󲢲Ϊ֪ǿղŵı֣ŷҲܲµԷһ˿Լǿߡ
ˣȻûȥ칬ɴ˿ɼ칬ϵɣ⵽ʲôزϾʮҽʥҪȥ칬һߣéɽƽȴܹڷУǲһĴ
Ҳ˵éɽ칬ڷе
뵽ŷͻȻˣΪʲô֧Լ֣ΪģΪ칬ڻģػĵģ칬ǿߣھԵĵˡ
Щŷ㹻ĵΪܣ֪ԼҪʲô
ڵʵֻҪ̲ɺɨ¡ǵҪɱ¶ûôס
˵ͷߵԼλ棬ĴкԼԵܺһùŷ̲סƲ졣
һ˹Ӵ䵱ĵӣһŮʯ̨éɽɸϽȥ
䵱ǵŴɣȻéɽٽ䵱ǰ˿
Ůŷʱ򣬶ʱ̲סоϲһŴ硣ȻԼĸ׵֣˹ȥ
ŷѾɶˣԼʱվɶ֡
ɶСܹŷܹܵһĿһֱԼϣ˲Ǳˣ䵱ƽ̶ӡ
ԭСŮĹŷ磬ȻӢ۳꣬һ콾ӿɷǣȴ쳣һִ³ĸоΪʫ飬ʮĴ塣
оɶе㲻˼û뵽ԼףȻô˵棬˵
ŷ磬ǰŷʩ񡣱ϾͶɶཻվȶԷһ
ôЩСԺҪһһ£ʲôĻǽˣҡЦ
в΢ЦӵĻ֮˶סˣô˵ڹΪŷˣòüͷŷҲɻ󣬲ȴΪⶼǶɶԭ
мЦһЦŷ˵лŲ
ƺĸıǣζŹϵĸı䣬Ȼŷ˶ӵıӻΪڿʼ˭붯ŷ磬Ҫʶͬⲻͬ⡣
úܶͷۣ챾Ϊŷ׼ģȴöӸˣ˭Ҳ֪䵱ƽ̵һЩʲô
Ϊŷȴǿ϶ˣòЩԥ֪òŷ緢ѡ
ΏҲȺУϵһЩˣȰǲҪ֣Ͼŷʵǳɳ̫ˣٲɱĻû˿ᣬٳһжˣȻ̣պҲδǹŷĶ֡
ЩȻ׶Ώ˵ʵżһһ·ǿƣնʮ޵УսһĴڣɨ칬
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ڹŷҪˣѾԻɱǿߣٲ֣ͳ׵ĸˡ
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Ѫħϴŭɫ࣬ɫ֡
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üͷһսҪɱŷ磬ԷҲéɽɵϣȻΪԼǹŷĶ֣һߣȻɱǿߣǺȣӦûϲ٣ùŷһԼĶ֡


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ڳӶһһĻˣ޵ʿʱȴЦһֺõСһ˵Ҵˣһζһʾ㣬ղŲȥ㲻Ҫ⣬Ժ󲻻ˡ
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ôͬѰ鷢ǰ˶֪п϶бʣҲŷ粢ûаܡ
ʱһ˾޴ı仯ǱʲôһȻ𾪵УһӰЩ档
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ʵпʱ㲻ֻΪʵѡŷһ·صصƣѹԷ
ɫ΢䣬ŷ̹֣һˮ̤С
˶Ǿ콾ײȻ޴Ĳ˶񣬶ˣļ
֣ôСһ̤նۣݿˣֱ˹ŷ粻ԶȻһŷ硣
³һ˵˹ŷ粢
һϢƺ˲٣ͬ߳վ˰һߡ
ԶǾ콾˭ʤ˭


520 콾ս
˶ĿƣǵϣȴŴսı
ŷû̶֣ǽĿͶһ򣺡Ѫ񣬼Ȼˣαزͷ¶β
˻һڽԻȻѪȻҲˡ
һ֣ͷѪòӢǵ̵һ㣬ֻһ̤һɿֲϢȻ콾ɫܵһɿֲѹ
칬ʮǿڶѪɲ⣬ɢһΨҶϢȻ
һ֣סȫȻӶЩĬѪдһĨ𾪣󱲣ǿˡ
ѪĿͶŷ磬Ц˵Ըҳˡ
ĶԶֵһսѴˡŷЦ˵³һۣûκεĵɫ
ѴҲҪ򣬲Ӧûûгɡ³Ц˵̫⣬ԼĽȻѪҲη塣
ԯݺᣬŷ󺰵͸ܵԯݺϢһһֱڸȴû¶棬£ǻĻŷǾΣˡ
ԯݺ֣һ飬񻷵Уɢһ߰ﾪ塣
һ䣬Ӳ
һʱ䲻ԯݺǿˣﵽ˾ڣͻƣֻսȴӿֲŷ綼ЩԲ׼ġ
ģǹŷˣȼ콾ʵ̫ˣսɫǶҪһ߿ţﲻκæ
ô֣ԯݺʵ
Ѫ㣬ڲսͰʸңǸʿͽ³ˡŷϢ˵Եúƽ
ŷʿʿԼ˽Լ֣ǸϽ˵ƶԪ𡣡
ŷû˭ǽи֣ǵ˵ĻûбҪһӡ
ûУŷѯԯݺˡ
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˷ŭ޴ͷŶ˶һľսĸоǾϣòס
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䡣
һ죬ʺɳȥȾѪŷдһĨ֡
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Ϊʲôʳʵ
ƲƲŷаЦΪǼģֻҪɱǣҾͿ԰ˡ
ʲôǰʣҲһֱĸоԹĶŹŷ硣ǱǼΪģȴӣʲôĴ
ûҾǾӣҪһ£˰ɡŷ绵ЦͶ񶾵ǵһ
ۡ
ͬʱһѪһ㱻ŷĻ


521 ǿ߷׳
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Ҳһ˹ͬһѳնˣ콾ƴû˸ӣǹŷҲһ
ͬХһûֻ⣬һɱ֡
ҵĴײӰţ˺ܳʱ䣬Ӱֿһ˻ű̹⣬Զȥ
һ˻ʾڵһȥһ㡣
⻪ʧֻйŷ绹һһѪ˳վıֱȻҲЩˡ
һл콾ŷҲܵش
һ˲⣬Ͼһ칬ʮ֣һΪδѩصڵ
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ֻжӵǴһĨЦ⣬ǿʲôŵԼڵĵŮЦеʲôû˵
ŷѪβֱӣҪʱһֱȡŷͷ­
侪޵һǴһɱģ˷ʤȻŷ綼ûвȵԷĽҪԴУŷŷӦ
ĸоƽŷ籬ˣˣٶȿ쵽˼£ȻһֻԷĳ˹ȥ

һŷ˿ˣҲûиۣԷһ㽫ͷ­һ糤˿ڳ֣Ͳһ㣬ŷҪɱˡ
Уŷ˿ֹסѪһճ˹ȥȻһȭ
һӰɳȻըڲԶȴûһѪɽȻԷûܵ˺
ŷ۾ΧĿռ䣬ԥΣһ
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һ̣˶֪ղųֵ˭ˣȻ޵ɱ֣ȻĻŷ粻Ϊ޵˶նɱɾ
ӷ𣬹ʩ˱壬Ѿħ˰ɣƶɮص֣Է𷨻⡣ɮ֣뷢԰ףݣͣŷ⣬ôУ·
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ӵĻɮһĬڿôش𡣶Ӳһˣ䵱ƽ̣е̩ɽ֣ǡ
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ɫһɮŭλʦǲ䵱ˣ
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˶ڲ²⣬׶Ϊʲôôֻм˲µԭ򣬿һĵĶɶһۣȸӶһۣ˿Ҫһˡ
ǻۺǰɮٿڣЩѰ죬߹ŷ磬Ҫ䵱ģЩòʧ
ǲ߹ŷ磬պҪһУ˵Ҳһ̵飬Ϊˡ
źα˴׼񣬶Ϊ䣬ƫ̻аħġһһŶߵ˳֣һۣûںУϢ䵽˼㡣
޵ɫ΢䡣
ŷҲɫһ˾Ȼ޵ҲˣȻɱԼģⷽŷЩСˣôǿΪԼҲһҫˡ
ڵԼİΣŷûйкԮûС
ЩҪԼǿߣŷƽ޵ĵȻЦ˵ǣΪëߣǲǳ̫ˣűˣ
ŷΪԼĬڳȴô룬˶ǿһĿŹŷ磬ڿһһ


522 
޵Ϊصǿ֮һ졣Ȼٳ֣һȺɱ֣ȴɱ£޵вּǿߵͷǡ
Գ֣Ҫŷ֣˶ס˺ȴŽĴս
޵˵ŷЦͻȻ˳ȥһȭ޵ɱȥ
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޵ǿߣ
ۡ
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ҲˣҪ䣬ɱŷ絭˵һµš
콾ǿУµûʱ䣬ɳ̵ܹʱڣﵽ۷ľ磬ܶ콾ǲҵģڰ;С
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ÿӵ˵ȴӵһֲɵζ
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ӲģӲºģ²ҪģڹŷǲҪģ޵аջɱŷ磬ͬʱҲᱻŷˣ޵˵һ̵顣
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523 ˾˳
˾ȵУŷ޵һ£ȻˣĳܵĶСˡ

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525 
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΢΢˸һ£Ǹ˵⳥ĵرͬʱٺͻƼҵǸ
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ԣȻĵر߶ڻȴһָм顣
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ŷǳ鶯һ£Ȼ̲סЦԯݺᾹȻһСѾͷˣ̫Ȥˡ
ܺЦ𣿡ԯݺɫڣ֪ŷı֣ԼϲһСѾͷôˣǲĺòá
뵽ЩʱԯݺͻȻгԼһƵĳ嶯Ҳ󣬱ȹŷ˼ѣͬˣ˵ʲô
磬ЦĻҺûꡣһŭȻƼѼݺݵĶŹŷ磬ǹŷʲôʮһ
ŷСȻֹû뵽СѾͷҲˣЩ⡣
ƼѼѶݺݵı飬ŷӣԼС˽ȥ
ƼѼ¶һɫȻԯݺߣС˵ԺҪ۸㣬͸ңҰѵ
ƼѼһͷӣԯݺЦãŷһı飬ԯݺﲻ֪ղŻƼѼѵĻȫˡӿ϶Ҫŷ糰ЦˣԯݺпЦ˵
ǵ˵ͷǻӦ˻ƼѼѵĻ
ԯݺһۣŮ쳣⡣
ȻҪ˭ԯݺһŮĻҲ̫̰ˡ
³Ҳع飬Ƶ˵Ǹʿ̫ܵˣûס
ȻԪҲܵ˻ĵֱ뿪ˡЩ콾ǳϧԸƴǲԸװֻɵӲ
ǿƣľѡڵһʱ뿪
éɽɳɽ䣬ôˣʽûоСϾźűδ˼ٿ䣬Ҳ̫ûûˡ
ˬһ̫ˬˡɫЦȻûԲμս뵽ղŶֱı飬͸оˬ
˾ˣΪʲôǶɱˣŷѯʣɻ󣬾ɫҲУһûᣬԻʵԺɨˣĵ֣ȫɱ⡣
ǻûôȻɱˣǻ˺ܶˡ
ĳɳҪ֣ҲȫɱˣĳɳûаԴǵ˵
ŷǲŵԼĻȻ޷ƭŷ磬Ц˵ˣҺ˵ʵɣҲɱɱˣΪֻЩˣǳŻзٵֵЩɵĵ̣Ѿɱˡ
Ļ˻һû룬Ȼɳ˵̡
Ҳɱ̫ˣĻЩϻ쵰ģéɽҲǳصģ㿴һγ˴ʵȺһкֶܶûʹȻĻҶҪ˵
Ļ˻һףԼСЩ


526 ϲ
ǻиǿˣŷ̲סʵ
ΪԼ˳ߣȻЩһЩҲ̫ԶڹŷȴʶҲԼ߿ԼЩ̣кܴĲࡣ
Ի˭Ҳ֪кεǿߴڣéɽɿ϶бǿģǵĽʬкüͷҲǶ֡۾뵽éɽɵЩء
Ļ˵һȻǿĽʬмͷ⻹ò˻ˡ
ǲҪ⣬һĵֶ̺ΣڵʵǵĶ֣Ҫ͡롣
̲סأŷ練ʣ촽ɱ˸
޿̣̣˲ƴһҪΪеļλʱҵҪ˭ҶһƼ֮ˡɷ˵
ѾǵһƼƺˣȴ֪ƼҵһʲôĴڣΪʲôڳ䣬û˵ļ塣
˵ɫﲻ֪ʲô뵽ЦЦ˵ƼҲڳû˵Ǻ顣
ֻһ䣬㲻ٿˣԯݺ͹ŷ綼Щ棬ڳôƼħ硢칬
뿪ˣŻƼѼ뿪˵Ҫص壬ΪƼѼ׽͹ǣ̵ʱڳɳ
ԯݺҲȥȴڹŷѪԼս֮գһϵ
ص˰׺УŷȴõһޱȷŭϢȥμéɽɴʱоڵɱһõһŮ١
Ǹǿ׳ʹϵԷսأٹŷŮˣҪһˡ
Ϣʱ˶ܹоŷΧ¶һ˲併˱㣬ʵǿ׳أ
үˣժ¥ˡǰŵĸ߼ӵܿڣŷг˾ηͳݡ
ҹȥǿ׳ˣŷɫѿǿ׳ӵʱ򣬹ŷҲ̲סһɰɱ𣬾졣
ʱĸǿ׳ʣһˣεĻУǹŷСʱǿ׳ˡ
ɫҲɫŭôʱദǿ׳֮ܺãڿǿ׳˳ӣ˶ץˡ
Ⱦˡŷɫ䣬ϵĶȴͣΪǿ׳ơ
ǿ׳ɫۿɼٶںתڳ˶һ֪ŷǿ׳ϵ˺㲻ʲô
Ȼһӵʱ䣬ǿ׳˹ŷʱɫ䣬ȥˣɩΣա
ǿ׳Ļŷһ۾Щ졣
ʲôֵܣŽֵܡ
ûµģȺ쵰Ѿˣɩû¡ŷѵõᣬԼе㲻š
ŷĻǿ׳һ죬Ц˵ûֵʧȻǿ׳ͷһᣬٴ˹ȥ
ףֻΪ̫ԲŻιȥģѾûΣա
ȥϲڣȻһҾˡŷкһһε׵ĽŭˣŷĴȥ
ŷĻɫǵͷһĦȭƣŷ콾սǰﲻæ뾻չսǾԵ
ŷ뿪³ûи棬Ҫȥģȴŷ簲˰׺Уҵİȫ
Ҫһǿ򣬹ŷ粻ڣ³õѡ
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ŻϲڰŵרУϲڸȥ
ùŷ羪ȵǣϲûڹڣȻڶ季ùŷһ
ŷ羪ȵɫЦˣû뵽ɣıֻһ΢ܹһ㣬ڶõѡЩ孹ӣ˵õĹߡ
ĻŷΪȻڶˣ˼֮ͬ⣬ŷʹģ壬ûкøС
ȻԽƬڹŷķΧ֮ڡ
ɻ֮󣬳˷ɻһŵĺɫγʵùŷһû뵽ϲھȻôųԼ
ŷһԾӣ̲ס¶һĨЦ˵ŷ磬㻹ûʶԼڵݣȻᣬѾһ֮ˣڵĵλȫ֮£ųӭ㣬Ǻ顣
ԭʲôʱôţˡŷͷһ˼ı飬ֻһֵеûв˼ĸ֣Ͳö֪ˡ
ı飬ദ⼸죬ǻ֪ŷʲô˰ɣɵˡ
΢΢ŷ˵һ㵽ŵʱЩ˻һЩɵƲ飬Щˣ㲻ҪݺݵĽѵ飬Ϊ㶵š
˵һĨ⡣
ŷһеʶˣϲڣҲһ飬Լìܺͳͻ


527 ң
˵ͷʾԼˣŷһԺӣ³˽ȥ
ӭһȺɫư꣬ŷʱЩкһһָᵯһŷ˹
ŷüͷһ壬û̶֡ȴˣǻϲڵĵ̣ŷǻϲڵĿˣܵ۸ģϲҪڸ
һǸ˺˳ȥڲԶڿѪ
˾ŭӣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˸ɴֱ֣࣬شһˡ
˶ΧŷΧм䡣
ⶶǱãһ˫С۾ɨΧסǵˣöԷɫ΢䣬˾ȻֵסĿ⣬ȥ
һȺ֪Ķ֪˭ҲҺҳ֡ŭ˵۾׹˸ʱҪһ
ɫһȺ˲˵ֻǽΧס
˭ֻҪҴ˱ŵӣǱŵĵˡһŮ˴ӲԶĳ˹Ȼһͷݾ£ǻһһ˫۾ǣм
ŷȴֻǿ˶Էһۣ㽫ĿתˡȻ֮³ˣǲ̫Զˡ
ЩͷȫҹŭŮ˵дһĨɱ⡣
ŷüͷ̲סʵ˭
ٲʣڶʥŮܣԷг˲ơ
֪Էݵʱ򣬹ŷʱףΪʲôᷢˡϲڲֻһʥŮȴ油ʥŮǵʥŮ⣬ͻɵڶʥŮΣٲΪȻǲԼҽ
ʲôϵŷһͻȻʵ
ٲޱ飬Ȼм˵ҵýɣǰҲûʲôýģǻϲڵʥŮλ߶ˡ
ٲʵĻŷ̲סһ䣺׳ա
ٲɫһ䣬˵㾹Ȼң
ľ㣬֪ʲô޷ӣ˿һʲôŷЦ˵ٲʾȻҿ񣬹ŷʱˡ
ܴ󣬶ҶԷȷʵһְĳǶʱ䣬ΪݻһĶ£
ңӣҲǹŷĽ㣬˵ûܵһС˵ˡȻǸСˣá
ʲôܣǸ쵰ǲҪ𣿡ٲŭĲšҲ֪޺ġֻǹŷǻɣһ䵽ǶΪʲô쵰ڣǵڶʥŮ
ЩǹŷҪĵģĵ
뵽ŷ絭˵ÿɣҪҷ𣬲ȻɱǣǵҲΪǳͷġ
ŷĻϲڵĵɫ΢΢һ䣬ǲ֪ŷݣ˵ôеվǷˡ
ǲҪΪʥŮûоˣҸ㣬ǰ˾ҽżҵĴ˹ŷ磬Ҳǰ׺й٣ҾͲû֣һ̣Ҳδܹսʤ٣ǻÿٴŭ
һӣ˶ˣ֪ԼԵʲôˣ׺й٣Ǹһ·ɨûаܼǿߣɱĺЩͷ۵ĴڣԼ˾Ȼ뵽ȺϲڵĵӺݺݵĵٲһۣȻ㿪ˡ
Ǹ߰ǲɵӣ֪ʲôԼܹǵģʲôԼܹǵġ
ŷ磬һ棬޵еĴʣһżͷ죬һ𶯡
ٲɫ࣬û뵽ԼЩˣȻ˲ãԷֻһ֣Ǳȫȴˡ
ֻٲҲףȫԹЩˣǹŷʵ̫ǿˡ
ٲʣ˵Ӧúһý㣬ΪҺʧͬʱ̬ȣҲҺʧԣİˣòҪҡŷ˵
ҪأٲЦ
ڹŷ磬һ㶼η壬Ͼǻϲڣŷٴ󵨣ѵɱ˲ɣ
ŷĻܼ򵥣Ҳֱס
ٲЦŹŷɱԼ
漴ٲʱɫˣŷ綯ˣֱɱ˹ȥ
һֻסٲʵĲӣŷޱĶЦ˵˵ҸҲɱ㣿
Ծ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻĸڶʥŮ֣ѵľͲǻϲڣǰ׺С
ٲɫҰŹŷ磬оɱ⣬˵ˡˣĸɱ


528 ɱ
һȺ˴Ժ߳ͷһˣò棬ǷҴˣһߡ
֮ɫȻԷݣμ
ǻϲŷĴ˶ԷۣȻֱӽٲ˳ȥݺݵһǽϡ
ٲʿѪԹ˼㣬ȴҷվȻͬȥ
ǻϲŷбŶԷû𾴵˼ٲҪԼ鷳ûϲĬԲô
ǣ͹٣ʧԶӭټ¡ϲЦ˵ºֻͣǹŷȴһֲĸо
Цĺü٣㣬Ҫȥŷ˵ûнԷϣòǸѺ׽˵ģھϲļһŷԲίߡ
ɫ΢΢һȻҲû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ񣬵ô˵棬һӶ
ǵɫ˲ָƽͷ˵ӦõģﻤȥʥŮ
ǡ
վȻһׯصŷ˵٣롣
ŷͷȥ
ֱǱӰʧǲһ֣˵Ҷɢ˰ɣٲʣһˡ
ǡ
ٲʲõǵѪ뿪
˽һ䣬ǵЦʧٲʣʵǸŷ磬ô
ǿѱκ˷У˲򡣡ٲо˸͸ղǸӣȫһ
Ҳ֪˹ŷĻǿн£飬ȴð졣üͷ˵Ļ϶ᾪϲڵȻһϣ˭ϣ
Щͷӳ֡ٲԥһ£˵˳
ֱӰ֣˵ȺͷӣѾڻˣû㹻ɣ͹ŷ緢ͻĻǿ϶ңȺϼһ￴ʲô鶼ܣһȺﻹء
ô죿ٲüͷЩֵ̿˵겻ϵķԸ²кùӳԡ
ȻҲף뵽ϵֶΣٲʾͼĴһսüͷ˼ͻȻɨٲʣ۾һ˵ŷϲŮɫ
ٲһ£ǵ˼ֻ뵽ղŹŷԼ̬ȣٲȴЩĲ㡣
ѵԼ𣿡ͻȻһѽٲʱ˹ȻЩʵѹȥ
ٲʽһ˲佻һ
ŷԽһŻһСͥԺǰȻ˽ȥԺӺӣһССͤӣϪˮԵ쳣ͺг
ͤУһŮɫȹԶһ˼ʲô
ŷֵʱŮЦ˵ˡ
ŷ˹ȥֱŮߣһŮ֣Щ˵û£
ҹųϢֻЦһ͵ǹĺӡ
һô򵥣ʲôҪҰ𣿡ŷЦеʵֻ֣ȴûɿȻвͣİţɫЩ졣
Ҫ˼֪׺йŷһŮֲˣåĻ϶Ӱ쵽ЦȻ˻
ŷĿƣϣȻͻȻЦ˵ˡ
æģ˵ôתƻ⣬
Ļŷĵ˵һСˣαСˣһö
ǹŷֻۣһ棬һۡ
ÿɷ񣬳Ĭһ£ſ˵ɱɡ
Ϊʲôŷ綢۾ʵ
ȻѱҲһλǿƣɱ˻ϲڵܼ򵥣ǽҪٻϲڵıǾͲˡ
ҪȸҪĻ϶Ϊʲôǰһ˿Цӯӯ˵
ڳԴף
ˣȴû֤ݣǲܶɱԣҺһЩˣǻѣǾԲᶯģ͵һæôٴתƻ⡣
ôŷֻ˵֡
Ҽ޸ôЦ
ɽɱ֮ҵŮˡŷһ˵ЩֲϽ˵ŷ磬㲻ҪᣬҲǸ˼ֻǿЦġ
ҵˡŷ࣬ٴ֣˵ûħھ٣Ǹˣҡ
Ĭ


529 ƾϲ
ŹֵĿһۣȻ뿪Ժӡ
ǻϲڵʥŮϵĵӺأҲܺһ𡣡˵ûзϹŷĻǳˡ
ŷ۾ȴûзſ֣˼ʮӣŷͻȻʽ˵˵ϲҡ
һ㶣ӿһƬΣ˵ϲ㡣
˻һϢ䣬ͿһƬɫʥϢ
ŷ֪ѾȥˣնϸǶɽٵķϸҲһֶɽٵķԼıģԽȻʧˡ
ƾϲңҰɱˡŷ˵꣬վȥ쳣
ɫ΢΢ЩԣˣʱǺ˵ģ˧ĵ
ƾϲңҰɱˣô黰ҲԼղŵѡĴˣˣܹҵԼҸ
ٲʸոմ·ǵžͱ߿ˡŷһЦվһ
üͷŭŷ磬ʲôΪʲôҵķ䣿
ɱġŷ絭˵˵һ΢һ
ȴп֪ãȻ֪ʲô飬ǹŷŨɱȴܹܵ
ˣд̿͡Ǵһϲڶˣ˶߾ۼ
ŷϴЦݣǸոպ꣬㶯ˡ
һ𣬷ǳǿڵ̲ʱһǿˣڹŷУȴʲôǣֱһķ˳ȥ
ٲҪŷ磬һŷȥ
ŷֻתٲһۣһѪ˳
ײƷǽԶҪվԶȥʱ򣬹ŷѾߡ
ǾУŷһǵԴϡ
ϲЩҲʱصĳ֣һĻʱ򣬶ʱĿѣ޵ŷ˹
ŷֻһ˦ӣЩȫɳȥȻվסڵԺһŷЦǣҵңҾ͸ɱ㡣
ܻĵɣΪɱ˼Ǳô˵ϲڵ˿϶ţǹŷô˵ȴû˻᲻š
ѱģ˭Ҳ֪ʲô˭һʶֻҪǹŷ飬ٲҲ
ɱǣŷûͣ뿪ûܹסֻŹŷ뿪ϲڵĵǷһһŵ֧֧ɱˣŶ뱯˵С
ûȥ׷ɱŷ磬Ϊ֪׷ҲûãסŷһУοǡ
ҹŷлɱǿߵսˣôܹԸģ̡
ٲɫɷףЩʧǣһʬ⣬ֻǻš
֣һŮɣȻ´ȫŷ磬һ֣¡
ʱлϲڵĵǳ鴤ǰһǻܹҵŷ֮£ǴǣҲ
Ȼһ˵̬ȴҪǶͷȻһж
ٲһۣ¶һĨЦת뿪
ٲɫԹͻȻʶŷɱǣԲһɺϣĿܣָʹġ
ô²⣬ٲȴ˵ǵһʥŮԼһҲ֤ݣᱻŹ洦á
ҹϲһƬˣٲʣ͵͵˳ȥ
ͣǱȻһһưܵɫǰ棬ٲʵɫǰĿţһ߽Ŵ򿪣ٲʵʱͷһ⡣
Ҫ糤ٲ˵
糤Ѿ֪ʲô飬Ҹ˵Ծɡߵ˵һĮȻ˵һ˵˵һ΢һ
ٲһ㶣ɫ䣬ŭܣ糤òװŽϲڵӣ糤ҵġ
һˣ糤Ҫޱ飬ɫЩͷ
ˣٲɫ䣬Ȼ͵תһϤӰĲԶϴ޺Цݡ
ŷ硣˵òʱٲɫ䣬û뵽ŷ羹ȻԼ
䱾ˣκΪȣ̫ԶˡŷɫЩꡣ
ûɱٲʵĴ㣬ϾӵݣҪɱٲʵĻŷҲúǽ
ߵЩͷüüͷ˵ٲʣϽԾʱ䡣


530 ȥ¥
ٲɫѿߵɫԽԽͷٲ֪Լûѡ񣬳ǡ
顣
һ죬ؿڵˣһ˫۵ٲʣȻû뵽ٲʻԼ֡
ߵڵϣ۾Ĵģ޷֡
ǹϰһ㵹ǰķɡŷ絭˵ǹһ˿޵ķ̡
ٲûķ̣ߵŷǰ֣ص˵ӽٲʵˡ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ţǲһֻܡٲ侲˵֪Լǰֻôһ·
糤ǲɸĵģԼԼûлŵĿܣһǿĿɽ
ŷ磬õѡ
ǿѱҪǹŷݣԼӵɷҲ˵Լ÷
ٲȻ֮ǰԸЩڵΣʱȻɵýһϵˡ
ŷĿٲһۣǿġ
ɣ˲ܣǱ㲻ŷ絭˵һǿš
ٲ¶ϲɫվȻվ˹ŷ
ܲ˵ĻٲҲˣȻõȴʧȥɣȣᣬ˵׼
ǽȥŷ絭˵ȥ
гٲʵϣһ˶ûУĵһ򡣹ŷ۾΢΢һ£ת߰ɣǶˡ
ٲŴͣĲţеȫˣȻŷ罻սûС
ˣٲŹŷ磬ֻˣ𣿾ư孵ɫǡ
ŷû˵תߣپҵŹŷ磬ǴȥˣֻиŹŷ磬ǧģǸϤĹȡ
ŷɱ磬һͷɱ֮⣬ȫǰߡɫŹ֣Ϣ˵ʱԼһֲʵĸо
Ǻǿ󣬵Թŷʱ򣬾ȻˣϳҪǴȥϣǶ档
ΪʲôǲӣЦʵȻһɫȹֻǴʱݣȴһˣϲݣǸطһ
ټ磬ѵûܿŷĴڣЩԥʵ
Увˣܴܹŷ硣ǳ϶˵
סˣȻΪʲôҪӣ
Ц˺ܴǿԴ˹ŷ磬ǺɱŷǿߣһɳǷǳµģ˭Ҳһδ³ԹҲµĲĻһὫǰڻĵĳԱȫٻǾҪȫԸˡ
ȰڣֻҲ̫Сǻϲ˰ɣǶ孵һΣǻϲǰ߹һ㡣ԵúܰϲΪ֮ɣĵֶ̺Σʮ㡣
ûеô򵥣ҪٺܴĿ飬ҲǶ孴ϹڵһһľԸǣǺܿµһ顣վǰһĨÿЦݡ
תͷȥһվǺЦ
֪Ȥ뿪˶ʱ䡣
ҪˣʵƽϿκ
ԽԽܿĵĲӿ֣ϺЦݣۺʱЦ⡣
ŷͷǣסʱ򣬿ٻң浽Ǹɣҳְ㡣
û˵ŷҲ˵ʲôֻתƮȻȥûоκˡ
ŹŷȥıӰ
ŷص׺֮ڡ
йŷѣȫжľ塢μҡ׼ҡ߼һйŷɫǣڶ̶ʱڣݻپڶʮݵ㣬ڸ
ִ𶯣˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻͻȻڳ֣һôǿһ
ҪʲôŷҪʲô˶ڲ²⣬ֻһЩϢ֪ͨڹŷ뿪׺еʱŮܵϮһֵܱˣһˣǾڵһá
쵰ΏǸ쵰أҹεľһӣ֮ǰڵʥӣأǴʱȴ̲ס˳
ΧһȺվͷһ仰˵
ΏԲˡ鱨վɫ˵
ʲô˶֪ˣΏԲˣ˭Ǹ˵ŭˡ


531 սǺͣ
Ļ侲ʵʲôʱ飿
ŷ緢ʱұȥסˣɳȥ˱ɱΏʧЩɬ˵
仰˵ǸŷǸӻ𣿡ĳ
ᡣȻǳѣǽ仰˵˳˵ǹŷ粻ţϢʱ򣬵һӦҲǲܡ
һ˼һᣬſ˵ƲǸΏԿһӣǳ׺͹ŷ緢ͻӣȥ飬һֻҪÿ
ǡ֪Լ˲Դϵ亹ȥ
һ˫ɨˣʵǸô죿
û˻شҲûиһشһξҪɱŷ磬ȴԷɱǵĵȻҲҲˡ
һ㣬ŷһɣ߼ӴڱҪɱŷ磬ô׵ġ

һͨվ˳ʩһ
ܷɱŷ硣ʵ
Ĭһ£Ȼҡҡͷ
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Ĭһᣬ˵͡
䡣
һ˲ըһɫͨ죬ԼŷôÿڣڻҪͣڵˡ
аԲͣȻĻôЩȥֵܽһ˴󺰵˻
ǰ򲻿ɣһպ˾ͻΪǾں۸˭۸һ¡
ͣԺռڰ
Ŀɨ·һȺˣһĨ̵Цݣ˵͵ĻǸӦô
һ˲䣬˶˵ˣȻԸͣ˵һ⣬Ҳǲܵġ
ôˣϵŷ磬ҪԼһ档ޱ飬ɨЩһۣ̾һ޿֮ˡ
Ҫңŷڱ棬һֻ§ӣԴǵ棬Щ˵
ǿ׳ĽĿһ۹ŷ磬ӵôŮҸǼƷֻҪ˶Ľŷ޸
Ҫ͡ǿ׳ͷڵǲ׺еģͨ߼תϢ
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Ŀһǿ׳˵ҵ˼ǣ͡
ΪʲôŷЦ˵ȻѾµ˸ǿ׳Ĵ𰸡
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ҪʰǣԺеǻᣬüһʱٺ٣뵽һȥˡŷЦ˵
һ£ǿ׳̱ػˣ߾ڹŷӦǵͣҪ棬صڰ׺С
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صѡ׺Уǹŷϳȫûа취õ֤ڵõϢ֮оڵĳԱǿҷԡ
ɫƽ˭Ҳʲôǿˣ߹ŷ磬׺ժ¥
ҪȰԼ˵˭Ҳ׼ԣΥ߰ı
˻һ˶ʧˣһЩڵĳԱɥѵոһλҪʧȥһλĻ¾ڽҪΪֵЦˡ
һӣǿ׳׼ӭǵĹ͡յظ֮󣬹ŷ綼Щˣû뵽ԷȻĸҴӦ
ֶĬеĿⶼŰ׺Уڴĵ


532 ̸
ôȸڹŷϣĵʵ
Ů˶˯ˣȫ̫ƣֻȸʣס˹ŷ
͡ŷЦ˵һֻ˵ķͦһ⡣
ںܿ£ʦ˵ھ棬һϹ֪˶£д޵ֵʵȸ˵
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̶Ķ֣ŷѯʡ
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ŷ亹ǱŵˣһָֻͷĨɱ̣Ǹ˵жǿ
㲻õģ֮һ˿ԿǸϹ໥ǣƣǸϹײֻҪǲ򵽾ڵϳˡȸЦ˵
ŷһȴҲСӢˡ䲻򵥣ܹħԣܹ칬Ȼ޷ǿܹһ㡣
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ʤһ޵еˣŷͻȻԼЩΣڣѾͣؽԼĸףԼеλθߣڿԼ»ǵ͹Ǹͷӣ״ﵽһʲôزŷ
ŷЩ㶣ȸΪŷ类ˣϽ˵㲻Ҫʧ䣬ʱգһܹԽ㸸׵ġ
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ĹŷǺ˵ģȸЩԡ
𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
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ֵŷ緢ˣȻЦˣǰҪȤˣҵʱֻɱңҿЦ
ʵҲɱ㡣˵
ǿ׳һߣɫһ䣬Ҫ
ŷȴ˰֣ûϵϲ˵ʵˣʱɱҵĻҪ;ûиˡ
һЦûŷĵ٩
پôʵֱ⡣
ڳסˣŷһЦȻģʵˣ㣬ǵ˺ҵֵܣȻҪЩ칥Ǿڣν۽ҲҪҲ̰ɡ
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Ȼɵ˵װĿһ£ſڵʮң϶ʮĵر
˻һһߵĸǿ׳һʵ̫ˡǮǹؼҪĵرݽߵĽ죬ĵر޼֮ÿһĳ֣һᡣ
ʾŷ磬ùŷӦ֪ŷƤӶû̧Ц˵ڴҪأʮңʮĵر㻹˵óڡ
üͷһȻ֪ŷ粻ôɿڣѾּۻ۵׼ŷĻЦ˵ٵ˼ǣ
һԪʮĵرȻĻ̸ŷ絭˵ȴǲɵļᶨ


533 ڷ
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ڵգһ˲ֻͣйŷЦݣûиоһ
ҴӦĻǿ׳ᵽɤ۵ģڷˡ
ʶʱ񡣡ŷЦ˵
仰ܲһˣ϶ܲסȴɫ䶼ûбһ£˵һ˽ˡ
ת뿪ŷҲ뿪
˺öԸԶ֮󣬸ǿ׳Ц˵û뵽ڵȻһ֮ˣŷôֵҪܴӦ
ʮĵرŸǿ׳Щˮ
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Ͻһս׼ã׼ɱ̡ŷЦ˵һ˶飬ڱȻͣ϶ɳ̡
Ҫ֣Ȼһս
ֻȻ˶飬ڴŭŷս
߼ҡľҡμԼ׼ңܵڵķˣ׼
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ȴףھԲ׺УϾ׺й٣ײףֻɱһ˲Żʧ
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һħӰվڰУݹӣʮͷһɫףɢ紵趯Ե쳣
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ҽǣɱɱǡǿڣ˶졣
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һϴڣ˵Ǽٵģǹŷ³սⰻȻ콾ǿ߶Ƕ֣ҲֻϴڲܹǼһ
ԽһսһżȻǱȻ
ϡƳ˹ŷһۣһĳرɫŷһƬռ飬һƬ硣
˳Хֱӳɱ
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Щ⣬սһʶûн˷ϣָ˳ȥ³ǹײһ
³һѪ˳˱ˣȴЦ񷣬սˡ
ŷҲɱ˹һѪ֣ӹ񷣬ûȥ
һХвһƲƣѪ顣һĳγһƣŷ縲棬ŷ缤ҿ廯ɫƣơ
䡣
һ죬ŷ类䣬ֱײ£γһεĴӡ


534 ƴ
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ŷЦǿóԷΪԼ㣬Ȼһ˿ˣǿߣҲ޵еˡ
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ŷȴЦˣЦĸӿģΪԷҲעܡ
ȻɫӿһƬΣһ˿ѪԵüΪۡ
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³ǹɫӺɫתɻƽɫһɰϢ죬񷶼ˣдǲҪ׹һǳҫ·ܲסһϢҪС
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һսĽ쳣ҵģ콾һˣһˡǣ˵ȫһ֮£촷ۣʧ
ҲǾЭԭ̶ɱˣѵҪһϹʱ˵ǹŷ磬ǣ¶ù
ϹôˣΪָܻ𣿡ȸĵʵһҽȻܹ쵽ŷڵϣ飬Ƿڱϣ¶ѾˣҲǹŷǿܹά
ŷһ棬ȻĻ̌ȸ§ڻУָˣҲͦõġ
ô˵ȸ̱˳ҧŴ˵ôܺãǹżҴˣǰ׺й٣޵е콾ûΪһܣûãûκơ
ȸ쳣Ҳҽʥӣȴûа취ƹŷƣ֮
ٻҲվڹŷΧ
ŷǵ֧֧ҪˣжܡرǿһӦǰµˣȴֻί棬ǵǵĿںݺݵڻš
ҲܣǷİɣֻһ⣬ͨˣҵΪͻָˣǲҪġŷЦŰοǡ
𣿡˵ǽٻǣȸš
ġŷĵͷƭԼŮ˵ġ
ı֤ȻȸǶףȴ̲סˡĪСºͻȻߵŷߣĶ˵һ仰ùŷ۾ʱ


535 ŷ
ŷһ˲˴ҩһɫͨ죬һ˷ܵӣýٻǶˣĪС˵ʲôùŷ˱֡
ֻӺȸˣԼĪСµĻЦ
õŷı֤һȺŮҲˣʼԼ֣ȴ
Ҷ˵ŷŷˣҪΪһˣȻĻôôʱûгٵжʼ̽Եơ
Ƕľ塢μҺͿ׼ۺͬʱվЩΪ̲ס׺ˡ
Ȼˣ֮ЩҲ̲סˣһɮ˽׺У˵Ҫ𷨡˽פ׺Уγһݵ㣬ҲˣҪһڹҪŷ絽ǲǳˡ
һʱ䣬ҵԽԽʱ򣬼Ҫѹŷıſˣŷ绹ûб˶ףһս󣬹ŷǸʿ˿ҪϵˣȻĻΪ
뵽һЩдҲҪϷְ׺С
ڴʱ³ȬͻƵ𾳽磬飬ɱķûܹѣ֡ҡгԱȫսЩдҲ⵽ϴ
ٴٴηڣʶһ⣬ŷˣһ³³ͬܺ͹ŷֻɱǿߣսܱȹŷͣһ򣬰׺Ȼǽ
ҲĬҷκ³ܿ£ͻƵ֮ս޾밽ҵǿ߶սˣûѵĻᡣ
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ֲ²û˿ݣȴвţŷȷʵˣٵҲûȬȻԹŷԸ񣬾ԲЩ֣˿Ϊġ
ŹŷѪľսٽ˶ڲ²⣬ʱŷܷһս
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ٻ㲣˵ǰǻùŷû£ȴݲǲģŷھͬһһҪϾˡ
˳ųŵĵǰǸֻǿһֱۣҡͷ뿪ˣȴ˵һ仰һ룬һ룬Ҫѣ͸Ϳ컯ˡ
Ǹ̵ĻŮ˲˽⣬ŷ粢βԼˣҪһλᣬ͸֮գһֲĸ߶ȡֻ̫ΣˣͬǸ˵ģһ룬һ룬ȫ컯
ɩǲҪģҪŹŷ磬һҪѹȻᳬԽͬˣֱӽһֲĸ߶ȣʱʮң¶Ķˡ³Ц˵Ǹ̵֮³ˣ֪콾츳ˣǸܴ漣ܣԲű콾
ŷûʧܵļ¼һҲһ
սǰ죬Ѫ˴ţҪŷսɽۡ
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սǰһ죬ŷȻûתѵӣ³żˡżȸҲżˣΪȸĸоŷһ˿Ҳ
գʱ䶨賿һ㣬ŷһ˿ɢһʬ塣
ȸɵˣ³ɵˣϹɫǶɵˣһ𣬾ˣսǲܽܡ
С˫㣬ѪʱͻȻ˵Ķһ֪ζŹŷѾΪʵ顣
ܣϴôˣҲšɫѪƣɱ졣
ڣҪ˾ڣΪ籨𡣡СХѪⶼ¡ˣɷ
³Ҳɱڣ֪Ǿڵ̣ŷشҲѡһ·䵽һĵز
뵽Ҫɱ˵ĳ嶯
ٻǵ˹ȥȸѪѪ죬Ϊȵıˣ˵
ӵͷǴʱ˿̣˭ܸܵƽʱǳĶСŮˣȫǱɱһ˫Ѫ죬˷·Ҫħһ
칬֮УһһŮм¶ͻȻһѪ˳ֵվһһĲš
һص磬һɫ𣬴δεˮƣ趯


536 
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ǽҹ˶Ϊһ˵̸ţ
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ڹŷˣúǵ⣬һȺ˼ֱҪˡ
ѪգĿⶨڰ׺еķ˵㲻ʧ
׺һƬңŷǣ˷ܶŷĶҡһЩѾԳַ⡣
ôʵŷǿƵʱǺԥڹŷЩҪѱ䣬νҳϣǵֵûǸ֡
ǿϮһȻ㵽Уǿ֪ŷˣԼҲùֻΣŷߵˣܹԼİȫ
ǿΪԼѡڣһʱ䣬ᵽʲôȨ죬ȻһЩʡĴңһЩˣҪĲˣǿȻǺڵ̸ȴһж˭ģŷһУ͸ŷҳϣһӲҳϡ
˭֣ȫҡɫ۾Ѫ죬ŭ
ڵʵȻŷһܹɨ£̣һдͼ壬ȴǺܼ򵥡
ЩΪŷˣ׺оûǿߣǾǴĴˣɫСʲôطԳưһ
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˭Ҫı˭Ҫ֣ȫɱˣһȸҲڣ䣬ͲһĴˣŷһһ壬ڱ֮£ʲô鶼ܹó
ǿдϲ֪Щ쵰Ҫ⵽ӦˣԺˣһǿֲͬֻҪһ˳֣ƽϢ׺еĶҡ
һҹѪɺӣ׺вټ߼ҡľμҡ׼Ҳ֣һЩҪƵļ壬ŽЩ˷ĸѹȥˣŷǰ׺ҲԼܹǵġ
˭Ҳûȥŷ磬;棬ŮΪŹŷһ仰˵۾ͨ죬һϵʱ䣬˺ܶ࣬㲵Ĳˡ
Խһʵվף黹Ƿˣ޷ŤתŷˣǶȥֻʱǲ֪ʧȥŷָоǶôʹ
һϵķйɫСԡѪǿ׳ҲѪɫɱ˲ˣĵıʹȴ˿ûмŷʱ򣬼ģһ˺ѷεĸо
ֵܣûˡ
ǵ뷨ɵõϢʱѪɫȥȻһѪ
·ͶҲ˹۾ͨ죬ȭͷĿ֨죬ֱҪ˶ɡ
³վһߣŷദʱ̣ҲܡһˣһʣȻֻһ棬ȴͬʮһŷ³Ĵǳء
ʵϣ³Ҳ󣬲ʮ˾꣬зḻʱԳܵĴҲӦҪˡ
ŷ磬ôһŮ˽㷢ɢŷϢոյõȻ˹Ĺŷʱһûֱ˹ȥ
˸Ͻס֪ҲǹŷһŮˣı֣֪֮ĸ飬Ƕôˡ
ŷ磬쵰ôϽӻˣӲвУȢѾвУɫͻȻһ
ͻȻ嵽ŷߣһŷϳ˹ȥ쵰˵һ˰ˣǻôΪģ쵰ѹ
˼ƣ˶һϽɫ˹˺ŷʬ塣
ҪңҴ쵰εĻ쵰ô˶ָأȴ͵ҲܽܡɫǷһ
һȺ˿ЦѾˣ㻹ôôôŤ
ʱͻȻ³һȻ¶˼ɫı飺ԡ
Ļ˶һȻ³֪ʲôˡ
ˡ³ϲ˵ָŹŷ磬Ĳȴ˼
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537 ؾս
ĸ쵰ղŴҡһɫתܡ
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үԸ⿴ŷţڽˣΪԼ˭𣿡һ˿Цˡ
֮ˣգŷĺáҲ˸͡
ŵʱҲûǣȻĻһɱͬɱһֻһһߣΪԼ޵ˡ˵һ𣬺ư
Χ˲мĿһۣг˱ġҲʱ˵˵ֻ˼ҹŷɱǿߣһ˼Nɪ
Ȼֻû˻˵˭ҲΪһˣȥһ
ʱѪͻȻתֱӶס˵˵ԼһɱҵĶ֣˼˵ҲĶˣ
ǸɫһӰˣܹѪľ磬ͬ𾳽磬ֲֿѹͳܲס
ǽ˼㣬ڿѾȥ
ЩˣȻˣҲСѪ˵һְֻǸ·
𣬼ҪѪ񣬳ƿء
һжͽͣѪֱӽ飬һ㷴ûС
ǲ࣬콾һ֮Ĳ࣬ҲǿҲûм֣ѪǰȴĲһ
Ѫȴ˵ŷԼĶ֣ɴ˿ɼŷʲôزȻһЩжԹŷӵˣʱҲȻΪԼûв֪ߵغ˵˵оҡ
һָоûѪȻ󣬵ȴĴ˵ĶУһ㶣ŷѾϢѾߵ֤ʵˣѵܷʲôʲɡ
ĸоǶԵģѪллάңΪԭ򣬽һ㣬ǲɱ㡣һеš
ŷ̤նһɫİᣬףһŷֵʱضըˣ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼûһʱ˹ɷɢһ޵еţƿֲѪһ㶼·硣
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һԯݺһսջʧѪ񵭵˵ԯݺһǿĵ֮һһս󲻷ʤ
Ҳһʧģսɡŷ絭˵֪ѪսܸߣǵԶԷʱ򣬹ŷ֪Լǵ͹λ칬ʮֵڶļһһͷôվһԺĸоһ㡣
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ǿ󣬷ǳǿǶԶԷĿ
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ܺãûʧѪ񿪿ڣٴγ˳ȥ
ŷҲһɫĹâɫģٴѪײһ𶯣ͬʱһѪ
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˶ŵλ콾һս˭ʤ˭˭Ҳ˵ǿ֪ʤˣΪִ˵
һʧߣΪԷ̤ʯԷߵ۷塣
Ҳǿŷ翪ڣɫء
˶ŶԷ⻪ҫԽս˼ޡ


538 սʤ
һײѪǿĲ˼飬ȻǿߣҲˡŷţǴʱѪ칬ȻܻʮֵһǸڡ
ŷҲһǻ䣬Ȼδ͸ļȴﵽ𾳽磬͸ıʣһܹǿս
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539 ɱʹ
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һ֣ûκǫõĴ㣬һִ˵ʹϵսֻ֪ɱ¾ŷҲûǻὲʲôǿߵϡ
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ŷ翴ĿɿڴһۣЦʵôֻɣ


540 µĴ
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Ŷ೤ʱûŷ羹Ȼ̶ֳˣɱȵ̵ĶʹѴ֮
ǿʲôز²֪ȴףѾȫԽԼΪһֲĴڣֻ
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ĿһۣŷЩ̾ǰҪĴڣȴѾԼĶˣ±Ǩȷʵ̫һ㡣
ȻŷףԼһɳٶ̫ˣ˵֪Ӷ߳ΪһԻɱϴڵǿߣֻ˴ʱ䡣
ٶȣţȻǿƵ콾Ҳûôֲĳɳٶȡ
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ŷĻһ㶣Ȼԥĵͷüͷ˵ҲµĲĻ̻ݣӦ·
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ŷû뵽¾Ȼô˵ͷ˵˵ĲⲢʾҪŹ㣬û㣬ҶҪɱһ췭ظ
أֻһ仰ùŷˡֻҪɱֻҪŷһ뿪Ǳпܾ
뵽ŷ綢£Ц˵˵˵뷨
Цˣ֪ԼĻ˹ŷ磬Ȼ˵̻Ȼ·Ҹҿ϶ǲ·ֻһ˿ʵǺаɱģʱҳΪ̻ʣᰲŽͣ͢Ľڰʱ໥ûоٹʥӵ飬뷨ⲻ
⣬졣ŷԼġꡱ֮֡
˴ɹʶҪǾʱ򣬹ŷȴյһϢ칬½磬Ҫɱһʿ³
³жʱðˣ¸µЦţֻȴĳޡ
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˭Ҳֹ֪ϵĴڣʲôĵҲϹŵ۷ǿδԼɡ

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541 ʥյ
³׺Уŷ¸ʱ˿̣ŷʮ㣬𶯡
˭֪һ콾ǿߣǿƵԲΪεġ
ڰͽ͢Щţ֪ŷ޷ҡǵĸΪʵ̫ӴˣĴݻ٣ȴ¹ŷɱһʧء
Ȼһʱû˶Ƕڹŷ̬ȣҪ֪Ϊʲô
ڹŷߣѾһˣܶȴ˿֣Ϊǹŷץס£Ҫͽ̸͢С
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»ŷ粻ÿɷζĿһۣȻм˵㲻ҴһȺ·սɣȻֻһ˿ٷ·Ҳһǿ߶ܹģħ񣬸ϵµĵһʹжӦòɡ
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һôʱĹңվ۷壬ӵֳأô򵥵ġ
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ǽ̻ݣ·ݣ²ܿģйŷ¾Բ飬ʹҰģҲ֪̻ʵʵݡ
ûлشý̻ʿԼĵϸ
´̣ҪʲôϽ̻ʱϴ̻ʱʴȣԭĹġһʿվ˳´
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ҶףʮİյĻһ´̣Բ˵治ĻģµΪ˴Ҷ˽⣬ǽ̻ᶨӵߡ
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еְԱڽ̻ʵĿ֮£ͷȥǳĬڽ͢ϵ˵ĶЩ֪롣
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ĸңûгκ˵ϣЩ̾ĶԼ϶ͷһʼ֪϶ǻվ
̻ʵķӦеϣûзԼ·ĻֻǳĬ
ְԱ̻ʵɫˣ£ǻ֪࣬Ҳ̫ɵһ㡣
Ĵ˵Ľ̻ʣȻ·ǸͽЩְԱţȻĳޡ
Ǿý̻ƭ񣬸Ūǡ
ףȴûκθ˵Ž̻ʣܵһɿµѹӽ̻ʵɢ
ʱ¾׽̻ҪʲôϽ֡
𾪵У޺˹˳˳ɫףһѰɫʥǹ̻ɱ˹ȥ
˵гԽʿ޺˹ǰǾȻˣ̻·ʱ򣬱лһɻְԱȫ˽̻ʵݡ
ǵУ޺˹ˣĴ棬Ƚ̻ʵĵλҪߣڼ˳ɱ̻ʣʱʵ˽̻ʵݡ
̻ɫ䣬˵ϼһǻһôһû뵽ǸҺԡ
ɷ죬ʥϢͻȻаޱȣ𾪵У̻ͻȻ˶һӢƥʹʮֻɫݣǶʹ·
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һȻϵ۵Ķͷħϣǹ


543 Ϣ
޺˹ȻҲܵǹϣǼѵĴһǹȴѾǳĲˡ
һĻҡͷ֪˾Բ·Ķ֣ǵѾᣬʵӲ˲㡣
·ʵ൱ҲǶ֡
뵽ֻܽϣڹŷˣǹŷҲǽ̻ʵĶ֣ǽ˶ˡ
䡣
·ֻһĳ޺˹𣬿Ѫ˻ȥ
˶һۣ¶Ȼɫ˵ǰ·٣Ҳ̫̬˰ɣΪϴڣһħˣ·УȴͲǶֻ֣һ֣Ǳ֮ܵĲࡣ
޺˹û٣Ƕһۣ֡
ʥ죬ǵû·ɫ¶һĨأʮֻᶶʥ⵲˻ȥ
޺˹˿Ѫһ⵽˴ˣս½
ŭһٴγ·ɱ˹ȥʥǹգɴСղ񷣬ֱӴ
·Ӣ¶һĨЦݣ˫һӣһʮֽ˳ȥɫĹâض·˺ڰС
޺˹ˣڲһ˵˿ڡŭ·ȫɱ⡣
ȴѾΪˣشزǻѾʧȥսѾûк·ֵʸˡ
·ɫĮһְֻҪɱˡ
ڴʱ˳˹ǼȱȻס·һ˸ĴҲǼΪصģǻԡѪϢ٣Ҫһ
͢еְԱɪɪǸվûУ·ɢȻ˹аǸԵʸûУ˵սˡ
·׼ɱǵʱ̲ס˳ŷ磬ٲĻǾˡ
µĻ·һŷԲİ·ŷϴһΣȴ·һγԿΪʹԭҲ͹żѲ˹ϵ
Եŷʱ·Īһ
֪η壬顣
ɫ䣬·˵ȻˣͳˣսĺҲʲôͷ¶β֮ɡ
ż֣ǽսǹżҵһˣʧ٣˭Ҳ֪ܴ·Ŀս֣ùŷһ¡
ӲԶ˳·ǰ໥ţŷӿһ飬·
ʶҼ棿ŷЩʵ
ܣеһսܡ˵սܵʱ·΢΢鴤һ¡
ŷ㱼ǵãмأֵĵط֮ء
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Ҫ֪սΪ飬Ȼȥ˲֪£δȥԳ֮ΪɣĻ¸᲻
ȥˣŷʵһĨС
սϵۣɱˡ·ɵĻشһĨ̡
ŷɴ۾ԼսϵۣȻϵɱˣϢǴȥԻȻ󲨵ġ
ԼеŷģֻһУèСèֻǰﵽжûȥϹ˭Ҳұ֤Щһһ֣칬ҪƷҪֻ֪һΣѪϴ˰칬
ʵжǿŷ粻֪ǿԿ϶ǹżҪ鷳Үͻͷۡ
뵽ŷ練ȷҮͻ˵滰ǼٻˣԼ˵ǹȥԷĵˡ
뵽ŷһЦûм˵ȥ
Ҳɱҵġŷı֣·׹ŷ˼ȴ⣬ղֻǳһʵڹŷ಻ţļ㵱С
ŷͷɫ·һУȻֻһ˿ٷҲͬӡ
㲻ҵĶ֡˹ŷһۣ·˵
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ҲҪɱ㣬˭Ҷӵ⡣ŷ絭˵쳣ǿƣҪ֮ǰɨһвȻ·һսҲҪʤ
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ҵĶӣҮգҹżҵѪ˭ŷЦ˵ھĳڡ
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544 ·ս
ֱսĿռ䣬ֱӻһƬ磬˸ħ졣
ְԱĿɿڴһĻŷǿ󣬳˵֪ߣȻܹͶʹ棬ȥˣȻ·ֻһ˿٣Ҳ㹻ˡ
ϾŷŶٸһʱ䣬пܴﵽ·Ǹ磬һս
䡣
һ죬Ӱ˳У໥䱸ȫǳս⡣
ŷȫɫ˸ͬһoһɱȥ
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һװһ˲䣬ײǧٴΣͬʱˣŷǿɣɫѪְ߲񷡣
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顣
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ĩܸ꣬һս·Ц˵ĩΪıս˷гĩ꣬ٴλع顣
׳աŷ˵
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ŷƲƲ죬ֱһָм˵ƨ¡
Լ䣬˷·һŭȻؼ䶼ƽŷĩǰֱӽĩƿС
ĩ궶һ£ҪӹŷѣŷûжĶֻóħֱһҪȥĶĩ̱ƽ˵Ҫˡ
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ŷƲƲ죬ĩ꣬˵
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ŷĻ֪鷳ˡ
·ǺˣǹŷҲһʲôöǿûǣ͢͹ŷʵвٳͻġ


545 Ϸ
ˣ˵뷨
µɫѿЦ˵ŷ磬ѣΪһˣǲӦԼֵġ
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뵽һȺְԱ˵̣ҪħǾҲħġ
ȺְԱĻͻȻȻŭ̺ϵӣɨԷȻŭұ죬סǵʹʲôǴϵ۵ٹ⣬ǽĹԣ磬ȥҿһΪϵҳϵˡ
ȺְԱȴ˵ˣֻó޵Źŷ硣ŷɣԼɱ£ЩְԱԻƴԼֵġ
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ȺְԱ𣬺ܶվҪ͹ŷƴ𾴵Ĵŷͷǲ裬սҲһС
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ȺְԱǺ޼˹ŷ磬Դ˹ŷƲƲ죬쳣мǰһ׳£ŷЦĳ嶯һϷºͨõģǶƭȥˣĿıΪ£ġ
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Ѿ쵽ˣ÷Źǽ͢˰ɡޱ˵ɫЩΣǱߣһӢĩ·ĸо
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ЦݣʹְԱģǷģһҪϴˢһ裬һҪ
¹ȻͻȻһԼԴ˹ȥһߵ޴ʧɫϽץס֡
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Ҳһˣ͢죬ΪʡȻѾϲõ˼㣬»ȴ
Ҫǹŷ϶̲ס˵װBġ
ܣڳ֮⣬ǽ͢еԱ˭ҲܷڣŵĻʴҡ˵
һΣ¾ôһʵ̫ɰˡ
ĻЩְԱͻȻһȻݼ̻ʡ
̻ʣϵĳƺ䵽µͷϡ


546 ϴ
͢һ̻ʵϢ˳ȥ˶Щ֪ʲô顣
ԭĽ̻ȥôǻģû֪
͢еĳԱ֪Ҳ˵Ǹ飬ǽ͢˵ĳ衣
ŷ磬ʱȴӢһϵĳǱͣǰһȺѪЦе˵ңѪ棬ǿ˭
ŷ磬֪㲻Ҫ̫ˣҪ֪Ѫ壬еô򵥡һѪ̲סվ˳ŷȵ
ŷֻǿһۣǸѪֱӻƬʧ˵ǰ
һĻ˶ˣѪǿվǴʱȴһ仰˵
ǰˣʵ̫ǿˣȻǿǰ˲һֿͷȻǵĸоУŷΪ𾳽硣
ڹŷе㲻ͷʱĲԶϢĳһѪ壬ᣬһװһִˣһѪ塣
ŷʱһ𣬶¶һĨЦǸߡ
ŷ絭Ļش𣬿ûпԷһۡ
ĴѪά˹Ѫǿߣŷôά˹˵һ˫һ⣬ɢһϵϡ
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ѪǿһˣŷɱӴԺѪ彫ûּǿǺһĴһǿֻǿߡ
һգŷ罵ٶ季ֱҵ˻ϲڣ֪ĵַʱ򣬹ŷɱ˹ȥ
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ңһС棬ʱȴǽ䱸ɭϣеĸ֣Ѿۼ˹λ̣ɫ裬յǸˣо
䡣
սһشŷûлٵңȴһ档
ڣŷһ̤ܲȫһϽǣһԻͣĲ˼顣
ΪصĴɽУвΪ֪
ŷʱ򣬵һֵˣȻ߸һߣҷɢŹŷ磬Ŀ˸ɫ
Ǹ޵еϹŷߣһθܵһѹ
ǹżҵǸСӣ˵㣬뿪ɣҲΪ㡣˵ȻûнŷС
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һӣЩţȻźݺݵĵ˵ͷֻǴУŷܹĲʡ


547 
ŷ翴һۣȻת뿪
޺޵Źŷ뿪ķЩ˵棬Ϊʲôߣ
һۣϹЦŵǸϼһأȻΪΪʲô޿ֵ֣Ǹͺ¿һأôùġ
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һϢסˣŷĶʵ̫ˣЩţǽ޵ˡ
Ҫʲôжͷ
ܿ죬Ǳ׹ŷΪʲôҪôˣԭŷҪ̤칬ΪԼǣɨƽһҪ˺ǵˣͬʱԼǿ
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ЭЭЭ޵类Ѫ汻ɱһ飬ÿһ飬ԳƵǾ춯ˡ
ҪˡԵЩĲɣŹŷ磬һֹӡ
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ŷĻʱЩˣϽ˵УҲҪҡ
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ҵ㡣ͷĿڹŷĻУ˵
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һҹ飬ŷ罫ĪСԼ˳ĪСµ֣ڰ׺еĽֵϣǲ֪УߵԼĵط
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ʵҲڵһμʱһĸо̫ĵĻһᵹ׷ġĪСЦ뵽ǰ飬һĨǳǳЦݡ
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ŷ磬ҪˡԵ쳣ġ
ǰȥһƯĴĵɣŷ§ŽȣЦ˵
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ͷŹ󣬹ŷ§ŮѾ˯˹ȥŷգ˵һҪҰ
ųҰ⣬ŷ縧ǣమţǵһη顣
һУһ䣬ŷ罫Ҫǰδ֪ط칬˵ǿߵҡǿߣﶼ㲻ʲôϴڲǲǵֻ̣һǿսѡ
վ֣ǿԻأŷ罫Ҫ̤һطѰԼİˣԯ졣
˳䣬³һ̤칬̤칬Ҫ·ɡͨͬʱҲǹŷΪʲôûǰ鷳ԭҪ̤칬һ죬ֱӽɽˡ


 칬֮


548 ̤칬
ŷصʱ;һˣԯݺվͬһһ㣬񻷵С
³ԯݺ¶һĨ̾Ŷ೤ʱûм棬ԯݺǿˣϢܲ߼ʣȴصͬãһ㣬˸ܵ޴ѹ
ҲҪȥŷʵ
ǿ칬ʱ̫ˣ»ʲô⣬һ⡣ԯݺᵭ˵
ŷƲƲ죬֪ǿ칬Уûκ飬Ҳռءԯݺ˼ŷҲףҪͬԼһȥ칬Լһ֮
ȻԸ˵ƣŷҲǿЦЦ߰ɡ
ֱӵأɴʧɫŷʱ˵ɫ쳣ѿ
뿪ɣǱҪˡһ˴ȣըףĲ񷶼ˡ
ŷ˰Ȼ䣬Ҳ˺ǡ
ûзϻŷֱһưȥɵ˰ߣ˲ء
ӸҶŭϵ־٣ԯݺоһɢһɻϣȻ־Ҳòȴ
֮۵ͷǰǰ׷Ʈɣųһõһ
ǺˣȻҷأһߴƵһֺȻϣо塣
ŷ翴һۣվ˳Ц˵Ҫɵ
ʲô衣Ǹ߼ڣгľɱ⡣
ŷʼ磬һ㶼ûӣЦ˵Ȼ㲻ĻֻԼȥȡˡ
˻һŷϢˣͬ쵶һ򿪿˵ߣһֻưǰ
ߺɳȥɴ۾Ȼһը顣
ɵĵɵˣʣµҲɵˣղǸŷɱߣɵһǰΪǿߣȴû뵽Ȼסŷһ
ߣǱһˮͷϽ
һɱһǿߣǸŷ絽жôҶԷˣѵǶô뵽˻䡣
䡣
Ҳ֣ɱߡ
ԯݺޱ飬ֱӻɱһߣȻը飬ڷ³ǹֱӽǸϵȻǹ΢΢Էķѡ
һɵ˷ˣŷǷȴŷɱˣûһʡ͵ĵƣ־Բ顣
һʱ֮䣬ѪɺӣʬԵ쳣ңͬѪһ㡣
ߡ
ҵ칬ͨһƬʬУ̤ա
һƬޱ޼ʵĺ嫻ͻȻһƣӰ֡ʱһͷԳӵֱɱȥ
Գ쳣ǿ󣬿һ𣬲ڹŷǵУȴŷֻᵯָһͷԳը飬Ѫ䣬Ⱦ˴ء
칬ȻΪ칬˼㡣ŷ˵һ֮Ӵ˹ͬһƥûŷĿڱǵС
ſ³һԶһСɽŷ̲ס쳤ХһԵ쳣ʹ졣
ɢ⣬һ˲ܵĳϴһ
ԯݺҲ֣ͬȫʾǦҫ۵ľͬһ㣬Ĥݵĳ嶯
³칬ˣûʲôӦ
칬УҲ³˵ŷԯݺʵ̫ˣȻ³ǣҲо޴ѹ
֮Σŷʵ
ԯݺҲЩ棬칬棬ǿߣͬһ㣬˲֪ȣжĲࡣ
³ЦһȻ˵ʮѪ񣬴򲻹һ棬˵Ǻô
³Ļ̲סĬһ£ŷЦˣΪԼ޵أٿԺɨͬڿĿˡ
֮һŷ粻ǣȻ̤칬˵ھʹȥе㲻ʵ
һ죬ҪΪҵ°ܽԯݺޱ飬˵ĻȴܰԵ
Լ޵УͬʱԼ棬ҲĶ֣վһ죬ԯݺԼܹԽǡ
³ȻҲ˵ĸ߰аȴҲͬе񣬳Խͬˡ
һֱôûˣܹ棬ɴ˿ɼԷжôǿ
һΧ³˵Ӧ޾ɽطʵ̫ΣˣòҪͣȥһУһ칬
ŷԯݺᶼû˵ͷ³ǰȥ


549 
ԵЩȴһǿߣųưֻɱħ磬ԡħѪǳر㱻ǡ
ŷ߽֮󣬲ûʲôעװϵִװԵòۡ
Щ̯˵ʱ򣬹ŷЩ𾪣ǾȻǶߣҲ̫ݳ˰ɡ
ͨ³Ľͣŷ˲֪ԭ칬ûͨ˵ģһ䣬칬УʹûϺõ츳ֻҪ΢һ£Ҳ˳Ϊһϵߡ
˵ŷԯݺеôõĻѹֻôǿߡ
߽һ¥УԵüΪ֣ŷ緢֣ǿߺܳżܹһǿߣֻǲûгЩֵƣԵüΪͨ
ǿ߻ǱȽģһһɣܹһʲôģҪΪɵĺģҪǿ߾С³͵
칬ǿ߻۵أûɵģеǿʵ̫ˣǿһУҲֻǵӡ
ŷԯݺǶһۣԿԷеľѵ칬ǿƣʵȻǿƵʱ
칬֮Уʵ۸ӣǧҪǳһǿƣĻֻģʿһһ칬Ҳһȴˣǽĳû˿޼ɵ³˵ᵽŵʱһĨޡ
ŷ֪³뵽£³Ц˵İɣһ죬ŻữһƬġ
Ұ㡣ԯݺҲڡ
³ͷ¶ŵЦݣ֣棬ҲˣһգǱȻ̤ܽƽ
˵ĵط³ʱ¥
˶ǿһĿǣʱ˵̤ƽţѵ֪¥棬ʱȫǽŵ
³Ҳ֪ԼçײˣܵһϤϢӶ¥ʱ³۾ʱĵɴˣҪҧſ졣
һĻŷԯݺһۣ֪Լˡ
˭̤ƽҽšһŵ𣬹ŷֶԷǷĸо
˵ʱ򣬹ŷԼֱֱҪ̾ˡ
һ۵ֻ꣬ȴǳĽǿ׶Ҫ̵ȥˣ³ʱɫ䣬ϲԭ㣬·㲻ߣͷʿȻ칬
㣬ҲϮʿһҲᱻɱҪҲȲ㡣³վ˳ŭŶԷ۾˸Ҫ˶Էһ
Цû˵һȴ˲֪ߵغ񣬾Ȼ֣ҪҪҰֽѵһ
Ӷ¥ٴ߳һ꣬ͬһۣȴǽŵˣϣӡһɫĻͷԵ쳣͡
ҵӡ³˵
»ǧ˵Լֵʱ򣬻ǧЩ⡣
ڳȴǧǶʶΪǧжΪǧһ绢ǧʮĴڣˣʸһ͵ڶһս
ȻҲֻǴԣǧȷʵǳǿƣһЩϱǿ߼ǧ֡
ǧǻǧ۰ĵܵܣ˸ǻǧǧԻԳ֣ժԷԴ
˵ۣŷ֪ǰ˾Ȼ칬ʮֵĵܵܣͷȴŲŷ磬ѪսˣὫǧС
Сϲˣ㻢ޣ⣬һ㡣ŷغûǧɫúѿ
а׻Ѫƽʱɻ˳Ի⣬ڹŷ統棬ҪԻ⣬һֳơ
ǧ˵ŷ˹˶ϽÿطҲֻйŷ˶
ǧ˹ŷɫ䣬ֻǵ˵ϰ壬ӽƷҲԣⰹŪȥ
˵һŷֱڿһˣղŵĻƵĲǻǧҡ
Ƕڲ²⣬׹ŷʲôͷȻһϵļ塣
ǧɱƣûԥֱӳˣǿߵ¶ţһǿ߶Ҫǿ
ȻǧȻޣΪȴС
˸𾪵鷢ˣŷֻᵯָǧ˳ȥ˶ܹڻǧɳȥʱ򣬿һѪ


550 ֶ
ɫˣû뵽³߾ȻôǿƵһָ꣬ɻǧǸûнҷС
ɫأŷ˵һɵĵӣȻţѵҪǽ뻢𣿡
¥о˶Źŷ磬Ҫ֪ôش𣬽źͻƽʱǿƣĳţ¾Ҳк³
³һĨмЦݣ֪ʹùƣ֪ŷ˼ǰ׷ˣΪô˵ŷҲֱӶϽš
롣
ԯݺῴһۣһͻȻһѪ˳˶¶𾪵ɫǶˣе𺳾þòɢ
һشʲôΪȻ칬ʮ֣Ҳ˰ɣѵ³ߵˣǿʮֵĴڡ
ĻԺſ¾ˣȻ֮һڣʮ󣬿ҲҪͷۡ
һ֪󣬵ʲôһŵĳľҪ칬ˡ
¥һŲһȺȫǽźͻҵĵӣŭĿǣȫɱ
ǣ³Цˣŷ˿һۣ˵ÿյϢ
ɱϼˣΪ̤칬ļƷŷЦ˵
ԯݺֱӣһư˳˻ɣԷȻȻը
𾪣ЩŵĵӣĶ𣬵ԯݺУȴһ붼Ųסֱӱɱˡ
ɱǣΪʦֵܱ𡣡ԯݺľٶʱǱŭˣź칬ȻƽƽĴǶ˿ǴʱԷȴ˵棬ɱˣЩŵӿ
߳ŭֱΧ˹³ɨǣȻ󷢳һϱֲϢ춯ء
ɱ¾ʼ𾪵У³һħ񣬽ǻɱֻʣһ˻վֻУȫε𾪡
ôܣŵĶ³
ȻƵгΪ޳³ȴһѪûմȾ˵βܣ֪Ϊʲôɱ𣿡
³ɫ·뵽ʲôһ£Щ־˵Ҫʲô
ʱҪʹ࣬ҲҲúûš³пЦı˶һ¡
ҵ˸֪ȤûٲκϣɷǿɲԼҲʹ졣
ۼ³ԼһҪˣ־ŶԷп֪Ҫˡ
ԷԲùʱҪɱĳ嶯л˼ңľ³ԼĥһˣԼĳҲκԼ
³߳ʱȴŷ纰סˣ˵飬ɣұ֤칬ǿ˳֣Ҳβ
ŷĻ³ԥ˻ȥгŷ֣Ȼһᶼûˡ
ҽżңڳټͷ칬ҲǺպҽżҵҽҪֺ˭޽⡣
ŷԼڶ£ֱŷ³ӿ£ǳ֣Լһᶼûˡ
뵽һҪߵĳ嶯
ʱ򣬹ŷߵǰһָԴ˹ȥ
Ҫ㣬ȴ֣ԼΣ㲻Էһָ׹ŷĿ£ı۾
Ȼ͸оԴнһϢ˲佫ԺеһЩݻˣȻ֪Щʲôȴ֪Լˣָо
ҲƲԼκΪֻȴܹе̸ʱǸֵˣ³˵ڿʼ˵Լȴûа취˵ж֮񾭣ܹ˼ȴԶκΪһһڹ¶С
˶ĿɿڴȻĻ˺ˡӣгԲȥúõչĽʹʱ
˶Уĵ㺮
³ҲĿɿڴ漴Ц˳ʿԪ֮һǵʱû峤ʿҲ֮³޵֮һһ³Խң³Խˡ


551 ʮ
ʿΨһѪ³ع飬ͬеĻʮֵǿߣɱˣûһ仰˵
Ϣһ칬ˣɱʿһҶģ³ع飬ȻҪġ
˸ߵĳɱˣȻ̣˶ڲ²⣬һ³ŵײʲôӵġ
˭ҲΪܹ׻ɱ³ΪȻҳ֣ʾ³㹻ġߵ꣬Ҳʮǿƣ칬ʮ֣˲κεطǸֺõĶȴ³飬ŵ鷳Сˡ
ߣ³һսʲôƨ칬ʮ֣һֻɱ㡣Уŵŭ
ֵܣȴ֪Լֵܱ˺һˣʱ̲סˡ
ǿǿУ̤ǿͷѾʮûʸΪ칬ʮǿߣʵʵȴܹ칬ʮ
ͬʱǸ׸´Ҫ׷Ѱŷ䣬һǣɱǽĽ
׸ҲǽŵĵӣѾ̤ˣһư
ƳУĪͨͬͨ棬Ҫɱŷǡ
Բһнŵһʮ׽ùŷǡ
һⲻŷʵ
³ԯݺҡͷɱ죬һЦȻֿ
ڶգɱͬʱƳĪͨ챻ɱǧ֮ķǸ˻С
𾪣˭Ҳû뵽³ǵķֱӻɱˣ𾪵ʵںأ˱ɱʣµʮȫɱսһûУȻЩѾˣҲ͵סԷ
˶ף³ߵģǾȻôǿʵһǿߣȻǵĶ֡
ͬʱŭһȺȺӱ˳ڷԲķΧѰҹŷǡ
սٴα˽ɱһȺŵӣͬǿȫɱҪΧס֮ǰͻΧȥһֲս¡
˭Ҳû뵽³ͬ飬Ȼܽķ粨
һЦһ̤ǸɽۣǰͬŮһŮˣ¶һĨȣȻҪɽۡ
ʱŮӻףתȥ
ȣ˻ŵ˻ŵĿŮӣ̾ͻˣ
ɽҵģ׼κ̤㡣ŮӿڣǿƣȻΪ棬ǰҲòͷ
ӵһЦ˵ˡ
ӵĻŮ۾һͻȻЦˣҪһ㣬ǽŵʧСɡ
㶼³ˣЩȡ
ŮЦ˵ұ˭Ҫ˽Ȼ칬ѾöֵĴ㣬ǽŲ˽ȻԿ˵ĶԲԣ
ŮӵĻѵõĿЦǵ͹ˣû뵽Ȼͬǿİ֣ȫ
ܲµһԯݺᣬ֪һ˭ŮЩ⣬Ϊֻԯݺû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ֡
Ůӱԯ죬Թŷ˽⣬ŷ߲ûһǿߣһܹġ
ʿ³Ҳûֱ˵³ݡ
֪Ů˵ǰ˵ѻȡ裬֮ǰŮ˵ʱ򣬽ӻһսģǴʱȴսûˡ
Ů̫ˣȻΪ칬ǿ֮һԯʱҲһС
ԼµԼеǽŻ⵽ӦˡԯЦ˵
ɫƽԯĻǸûԷеĳһۣӵ˵ƽţк³֪ͨģʱ׼ʬ
ԯ쵭һЦʲôû˵ֻһ˫ȴ̺޾š
תߣʱԯȴˣ磬Խҵģһ˾ǹŷ磬ڶԯݺᣬǽֱӺˣǵĲ
ԯĻӻȻתŵĶԯ죬ˣȻǱԽԯ졣
֪ԯǲ˵ѻģȻ˵Ϳ϶аյġ
ԯ첻ٿԼһۣתֻǲȴ·˼򱶡
ŽȥıӰԯһĨЦҪԼƾһ㡣


552 Ǹ
ɱŵˣŷԶֱ뿪˽ŵΧ֮ڣףԼĶ϶űŭǻԻᱻԷҳ
ħţͷͬǿ󣬵ȴˮݣϹһֱڣ˭Ҳ޷κ˭һǳأ³ܣǱǣߵһѳ
һĵطžҪ鷳Ҳɸֽһħŵ˶ǣˣ١ŷЦ˵
ԯݺҲһȻٽܳԽȻʱ򣬶ܵ޴ѹ
Ǵˡ³ҡҡͷЦЩ졣
ʲô˼ŷЩ⡣
֮󣬱ħžʮһȵﵶᣬ칬ǰμӣҲУһǿ߽١³Ϊ˽͵
ŷ۾һаЦǸǿߣǵĲˡ
ڵʵǳһȺǿߣֱɳɾǿߣȻĻԲɱġ³ٺЦ
ǿߣͬħҲֻħ͵Ĵڣ棬д˵еɾǿߣǿߣͬ٣ͬԣ𣬹ŷȻǾԲǵĶ֡
ΪɺͷˣȫɣΪϡ
ӹû˴ɷϣܳ콾ҲһֻҪΪɾǿߣͲɾǿ档
ϣǽȻĻǾͰ׸һˡ³Ц˵
ΪֲѾﵽǿߵ۷壬ֻǰһܹɣʱϵ޵Уȴһһֱ޷̤롣
ʵǽӣеˣҲͬͣǿ߾磬޷̤ȥ
Щ⼸³߹ŷǵģùŷ֪칬еǿߵĿֲνǿߣڳ俰Ƶ̣칬УֲǿߣʵɾеĴڣǲĵ̡
ҵϣΣδزɱԯݺᵭ˵ĸȻ칬ǿĴڣҲ
Σһ죬̨Ὣɱˡһ𣬹ŷһڵһ䣬ҸЧܺã̸ܹģٶϴڡ
һŶ룬˽ڶԷϡһ꣬һѳ˵ƣһһĨ죬ȻЦ˵λֵܣûж⣬ֻλֵˣǰݼһ¡
˭ŷûиܵԷĶ⣬ջƣЩʵ
˲±¶٣һ棬㱻˶ˣҲֲ̫˰ɣǽҲǵ٣˱Σˡ
Ծǵ죬ղҲһгɱ˵ĳ嶯
ǵǸԣҲħŵĵӡ꿪ڣȻһˣЦ˵ħŵĵˣǵĵˣõѡ
Էɫϣŷ΢΢һ㣬һۣ³ڣʵħŲûгԹֻҪŵǶһ·ͷǳò׵Ļ뿪
³ֵܻǲңԿЦ
ǲţǲţħǵ˲ǲʾǾѡ³Ļֱӣ޻˵
ҶǴˣȻ֪ûԶĵˣҲûԶѡرִ֮䣬ˡ
ʵ̫ˣ㵽ִоľ˽ɳȻҪһϷ칬Դ
һϣЩԸ⿴ģǲԸǳɳ
ħûôСλܹ칬ħſԳΪλΪʵѣǸõħŻǲԯҽżҵݴȥ칬ûиǶֵġЦ˵ŷ˵˵˳
ŷԯݺһ㶣û뵽ԷȻ֪ǵݡԽħŲˡ
Է˼ȷʵûж⣬ŷ翪˵ȻǾˣֻԱɡ
ŷĻ֪ŷǴӦˣһȻЦЦת뿪
оѾԶԯݺͻȻ˵Ҳ
Ҳšŷ³һۣͬʱ˵
Ҵܲ³˼ôףħ̫ˡŷЦ˵
ԯݺ³˹ŷһۣЦ֪ŷпѾˡһħźܿ͵ʴס


553 ֮
ѾˣŷǶĻֻҪŸˣǿ϶ҪЦ˵
ɫЩ⣬Ϊ⣬ˡ
ڳǱˣԵĸһüΪˣϣԵı飬˵ΪɵӣǾøɵӡ
ĻԵıһЩס
ͼ˼ҿѾˣҪһĴۣǲܵġ˵
Ҫǹŷ϶̲ס𾪣ΪĻĻֱһģһ
׵˼Ǳͼʵ
һۣ˵ҵ֮ǰûκħŵͼԴ֮󣬾Ͳһˣ콾ܱһˣһٿأĻһﵶᣬƽ
Ļһ˵ȻĻҾԪϣɱˡ
ƨͻȻתһƳԵϣŭҪӣħ֣֪֮ҽżҺԯжôĿֲƽ֮棬Ǳɱˣû飬ϼһ֣һ㳲ʱ칬ҪңħŸᱻ̤ƽ
ţ׵ļ壬Ȼôǿ
ߣ֪㲻ţҸ㣬ģħһˣֱƷ칬죬ҽżҺų壬ļУûϲĴڣ뵽龰΢΢ɼĲһ£Ȼ΢һߵԻǸܵˡ
ɴ۾ŵĶԼĸףм䵽ڣûмԼ¹ǽ죬ֻᵽһ˵֣㺦ˡ
ͻȻãԼԹżһ㲻˽⣬Ǹħ񵽵һôӵĴڣܽԼҲµĸףųӡ
סһ飬Ҫǹŷˡ˵
ǡ
ŷڵУҵһСԺ䣬ֱסȴǳһ㷢ʲô飬ǻ뿪
ʱܿȥˣŷǲûоκ쳣ǵȴ
ʱ䣬΢˽һµǣùŷ𾪵ǣһǳأԲȻм൱һʡôˡ
ڵǵ룬һ̨ÿչﵶᡣ˵̨ͨһ̽ʯ죬ǿߣܻ顣
ܶೡҵĴս̽ʯ̨ȴһûС
⼸ʱŷڼʶ칬ǿˣǿ߱ߣ繷ǿߣҲһ㶼
˵Ϊ㲻ʲôȻǵսȫԽľ磬һǿߣǡ
еƣ칬ȻôǿΪʲôҲͳһˣһǵˣԽκһƷˡŷЩɻ˵
˹ŷһۣ³Ц˵ŷ磬̫СƳˣôѾˣ˵統صǳĪˡ
ģŷЩȡ
˵гǿߣпɵĴڡ³Ц˵
ɣŷκ֪Լ֪ľ硣
ŷɻ³͵Ҳ־磬͵ˣȻɡɡɺÿһԳ׵飬ĴڣҮͻҵ档
Ĵڣŷ羪ȡ
˵˳ˣû棬ֻĲᣬǶ֮ˣ칬ߣһС磬ųǲɽٳ
һϢŷըͷתͻȻʶһ⣬ԼҪɱħ磬ʲôΪľ
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ʲô³˵ԼҲֻ֪˵һִ˵е⣬ĲǶûдﵽǸ硣
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ֻҪɼǿ֣߳Ǹη塣


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Է˵ˣ콣Źŷ磬˵ɱǣ콣ڻΪǱġ
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ŷ˶ԷȴᣬֱӽȻɫԣŷЦݿ˵ֺʲô飿
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źףųϣƽʱǽźҪһʵȨϡԵΪߵ˽ܡ
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꣬Ǳˣǹŷװġ
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ŷǲ칬ˣ³ĳޣȻηӵƣȻе㾪ף˵ȴǷǳ顣
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źһЦ˵Ȼ̽һϷʵϷûСҪСˣһ˵Ͳˡ
ź׾һǰ˵ӣȴ̲סЩ⣬һ˳Լô˵ǰ˵ָоˬ
ŷϽͷԵЩš˵ǰҪźá
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˵꣬ЩĬǲ֪αԼ𾪵顣
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ϷǶ϶ĴڣһѪ죬ۣԯݺ˹ȥ
ʹԯݺ֮λǿߵĹǲŷ³һХֱӳ˳˲Է֡
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ĿĹ⻪ǿ߻𣬶ѪˡǺȻĶŹŷˣ˺ȻĶ֡
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558 ׷ɱ
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ܹʮǿߣѾˣôתƣȴ˭û뵽ġ
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Ǹǿ߾ŭҪƹŷѹƣһжͽͣŷ罫ֻذȥ
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һ˲ɱˣʣµʮǿ¶ŵɫǱΪԼһȺˣΧȻԷپޣҲʤȯˣʱǲ֪Լˣʵ̫ǿˣ𲻿սʤ飬ĵ㺮
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һɱĸоŷ˵񣬴һĨͿ־塣
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ֻҪͷԷȣЩȻӲǲȡλսĻǵʵûΣա
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ҵһƧĵطʥҩȥɹͻƵǿСǸоʵʵٴαǵһֲĵز
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ٹŷԼûп
ֲ칬еĵλôߣ˽ܣߵĿ
ڵʵǽӵĶ֣˭Ҳ֪浽жǲʧ֣ȻĻɱԷȴԷɱˣеˡ³Ȱˡ
ŷԯݺһۣȻЩǻ³ĻǻŵģҲûж˵ʲô˵ͷǴӦ³Ļ


559 ؤ
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˹ҽʥһۣԯ޵Ц˵ҵĶӣһѶȥҲͲԯ޵еĶӣڹŷ磬ΪǸС̬Կ𣿡
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ŷǲ֪Ǹ칬ʱԯ޵Ǳ뿪ˡʱ˿̣ҵһƧĵطڲ̽Χ֮󣬿ʼƹء
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ǷͷжһĻĿ̫ڵʵֻҪʵǿ˳֣ǶܹߣȵϾ磬ڵǼϣʱǽӵڡ³Цš
ŷԯݺҲͬ⣬Ƿֿȥͬķ
Ƴǣͬһϵĳǳأΰƴ󣬲ڵǡŷݽУû˷Ǳͨˡ
վסʲôˣһʿͻȻŷ纰סȻһɵӡ
ŷüͷѵԼϳˣԷ۾̰ɫŷʶһҪԼ̰ˡ
û˵ֻǵĿʿһۣǸʿһһڵϣʿ֪Լǿˣ𾳽ΪǿߣҲһĿ⽫Ļ
һǿߣ˲²⣬ȻѸٹЦݣλˣСϴˣ벻Ҫ֡
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ŷƳʿһۣ߰뿪ǸʿһһʮϴڣȻĵӣҲܹġ
С磬ҳһٷôһӵס˹ŷ·Ц˵ţȴáеһؤ
ŷüͷһ壬Ա̤һҪ㿪ӡ
ùŷ羪ȵǣθոһԷҲˣֱǰ档ùŷˣҪ֪ղŵһȥȻǿΪ֮Ǿһǿߣһܹס
̧۵ĴӣȻסȻܲ򵥡
顣
һ죬˳ȥһС̯棬̯һŷһĨȣû뵽Լô׾͵ˡ
죬ؿڣȻվӳһӸСŷЦֵܣҲˣҳԷ˰ɣ
ŷֱתߣĪˣȱġ
ӼŷûԼһĨЦݣȻ׷ȥ
һǰһȥ˿ӱ¶һӣƶǳеġ
ŷ߽һҴ¥Ҳ˽ȥսȥСϽ˹ҪӺȥ
ҪģʲôҹȥСúͿ˵ȴ쳣
ɫһ䣬ȫûк͹ŷʱĺɫͻȻһƳ˳ȥСɳȥɢһȻƣ˵ۿ˵ͣүǳԲ𷹵𣿡
˦һֱӽСҵͷѪСȴʲô˵Ϊӳһ׻ӡ
ȥβ˵
ǡС¶ϲɫôӣ㹻׬һˡ
ӴߵŷǰӣȻҪȥ
ŲţֻҪȥҾʹȡţŷţĮ˵Ӹµʱͦ
ӶŹŷ磬ȻЦ˵򲻹ҡ
֪֮һؤȻĶ֣Ųôһġŷ˵дһɾ˵š
ŷĻؤһУЦ˵㿴ˡ
ֻҪɵӣܲ³Ҫסҵˣһг֮⣬ûܰ쵽ŷŵ˵Ȼԯݺ³˽ܣɵס


560 Ϣ
ؤƣЦ˵ȻΪصˣ湻ġ
˵˭ŷеľ쵽ؤеһŮˡ
ؤЦЦû˵ֻǿһԼǰĵӡŷͻȻ¶һĨЦָ
ؤһһѪ˳ŷͻȻתƤ
ָƺҲ̫˰ɡ
ҴˣǴ磬ʲôʰɣһ֪޲ԣ޲ؤȻЦ˵
ΪʲôңΪʲôϳҵݣŷüͷ˵
֮һˣ˵ɲһ飬Էһ۷ĴڣҾ˵ɱһˣԲǶ֡
ؤΪŷҪʡݣȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼʳ⡣ԼĴͣؤЦ˵ΪԴ칬ʱ򣬾һֱǵԲϳ㣬Ϊʲô㣬ʵҲܼ򵥣ʶһص˵жôĳڣͬʱһ顣
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ӵжŮˣŮˣеĵλ˿ɼʹŷŬҪһͬҲһ
ԯ죬תһ仰ؤ۾Źŷ˵
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˳ӣؤЩ˵ԯ㲻Ҫȥû˸Ҷ뿪ŵĻ֣Ҳס
һ֪ŷЦ˵Զôǿƣڱ˶Ϊŷѵõ콾ʱ򣬹ŷȴ֪ԯʵµеĵһˡ
Ϊжߣ˼ļϼһû֪
Ҳ̫ʱģҪٶȣȳŷ˵һ
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ŷͷɵӣȻԯʱûʲôˣͲˣеʱ䣬Ȼܹôʱ䣬ǿߵľ磬ŷԼҲܹں̵ܶʱڣɾ
ˣˡ˽֮󣬹ŷ˰֣ʾؤ뿪
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һ˲䣬ܵһ޷ܵʮصħɱ
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Ȼ칬ǿıҲûиܵϢʵ̫ˡ
ŷû˵ֻǽĿⶢؤϣܼᶨԷڲ뿪ĻŷԻᶯ֡
ؤΪ֮һһݱ¶ļʵ̫ˣŷ粻һ
ŷؤҲףԼֻ뿪ˡ
ûĵġԹĿ˹ŷһۣؤ뿪ˣղŵĶȴһ㽫ŷˡ
ؤˣҲˣŷ糢˼ڣò˵칬еʳȷʵȳóԣĲƷʷǳãȫǴȻġ
ԵһʱһȺ˳˽ȫǴűʿһͷǳǿƣȥǹҪԷ
ʿŵ˹ò¶ŵɫѡ˳ȥҲһЩȻŲæ
칬֮ǿΪ𣬸Ҳߵϣǲ˺

һŭͻȻһն˵Ǹʿ룬ŷһȻ칬Ĳпʶֶɱ˵飬е㲻Ӧ
ŷȻɱԲҲֻɱΪ֮ˣΪ˵һ仰Ķ֡
õʲô֣һӸģ˽ûпʿһֱۣԷʵ
ǸɫĮڹŷΪϧҪڹӸеʱǸͻȻȻĵ˵С˹ߣԸͶٳ¡
ŷ磬ڳ˶סˣ˭Ҳ벻ղŻĺӣתۼΪһĵСˡ


561 гر
ӸЦЦͻȻһĳǸ˳ȥڷŷЩȣΪѾﵽǿ۷壬ٽһǿߡ
ΪٳĹӸУȴӦĻᶼûУԼٳΪѾﵽһߵĳ̶ȡ
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Ӹ罫Ŀɨڳһۣ˵߰ɣҲɱˡ
еʳͶվ뿪ֻйŷûжûΪίԼϰߣҹŷܹоԷһעһֱԼϡ
ŷףٳԷңΪԼġ
ߵŷǰٳ˱ȭЦ˵Ƴİλǰ
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İЩϣŷ粻֪ԷûпԼݣϾǿԼݣİôġֻǹŷȴųԷϷĿܡ
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ŷĻİҲ֪ԼԷˣҲϷЦ˵ŷ磬ĪΪԼױû֪ˣֶΣеҪĶࡣ
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Բ򲻵ѵʱ̣ŷ粻ᶯħ
ղôΣգ㾹ȻԼııͷ󰡡һȵŷûпҲ֪Է˭
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ɱǸˣȻңĲŷ˵һгرˣȻ
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Ϊ϶Ҳ𣿡ŷ罫ĿתؤЦݡ


562 ն
ؤһɫĸŹŷ磬ƳǸȥ
ͬŷ˵ŷ磬ڵΪʲôԭؤû˵ֻŷһҪɱǸ֮ȥһط
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走ҿҪΪĵһͨˣ治֪ǶԻǴؤЩƵ˵
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ȻˣҲû˿ǣΪʵ̫ǿˣ칬һĪҲӡ
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ŷЦЦؤĶӣٺ˵ҿ԰㡣


563 ԭ
ŷһݵֵʱ򣬿˭뵽֮һؤ
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走ԺؤĲˣӦýʲôؤЦõ˵
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칬֮ûؤģһ棬칬һã˶ܹʳ棬ҲؤԼؤٵְҵ֮ΪԼġ
ؤʲôãÿ췹ſڣͶֱ̫ˡܵ˵
ҪҰһ⻹㣬ؤôŷ緭һۣû˵
ֱӲ˵ˣûĸӣԸ֮󣬻ǰô֡ȻΪ֮һϳףںòȴãۣԼʵһȽϺá
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Źŷһȫû֮һķˣȫŷ沢ôϲ˷ԸֻҪŷмԼԼȥǸط
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Цҡҡͷ˷ܵ˵İɣԲʲôΣյ飬˵ɡ
ʲô飿ŷԵЩͷ
칬֮Уһԭ˵ԭһҰѱɹˡһɵùŷֱҪΪô򵥡
뵽ԼȥȴԼȥŷף϶ʲôԭҪ֪ΪĻԼǿ̫ˣȻŷħ֣Ҳ˵ʤ棬Ϊֱڣŷ綼ûпﵽһʲô磬ȻˣǾĪ⣬ùŷ綼ܹܵһѹ˿ڱɱǸˡ
涼ȥŷȻɵΪԼǰȥֵܹ
㵱ɵŷһӵĶ档
׹ŷˣЦ˵ҲȥǱԭһصֻҪǿ֮ϵ̤룬Ȼڵһʱ䱻ػԭ飬ɾ涼һҲȥġ
ŷһﵹɽصֻ꣬Ҫг룬˲䱻顣
滹ʲôΣղŷʵ
Ȼνı涼죬˿϶Ҳ֪Ǳڻڣ˵ûΣˣŷҲš
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жǿ
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Ϊ֮һʵսˣŷ粻ԷƱˣҲԼûǸʵԭУȡñ
ŷɫЩԥȻ֪ʲô׳һ޴ջ󣺡˸һ飬ԭ˵࣬һľ壬ʵźܴã뾡Ͼ磬ԭһַʽ
ŷ翴һۣЦ˵ðɣҳĶˣھ͸ԭ
ŷӦˣ¶һĨϲɫĵ˵ֵ
ŷȴǴԽʮǳأ˽һڵʱ䣬ԭһ·ϲǷƽ˾ϳ˼սһ˶ɱˣҲǸʱ򣬹ŷʶʵ
˵ܹɱˣһԣһսȻգȴʤˣǸոս˾նɱ
ԭڣŷЩ̾ǰȫһƬѩ׵ʱ䣬̫һҫ۵ĸо
֪ԭôγɵ𣿡ŷ翴һܣȥûзʲôصĵطӦγɲ˱ԭһطġ
йһ˵˵ϹѩŮγ˱ԭȻֻһ˵ûܹ֤ʵʼ˵ڱԭ֪Ҳޡ
ŷ˼ô飬֪ʱνĴ˵Ҳ࣬طľϹѩŮ
һкŷ˽ȥ


564 ֵ
ŷ˱ԭҲ뿪ҪϽȻҪҵˣɾͲһˡ
뿪ãһȺԭڣͷˣɫЩһ˵ѾﵽϾ磬϶ҡ
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һȺ˷ɢˣڱԭڡǵҪĿ겻棬ǹŷ磬Ҫǹŷеı
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ŷͷȥγһɫŻȻ磬ǰҲƾճֲˡ
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˵ͷŷЦ˵˵ԭ˵࣬ҽȡš
ŷĻ׳Ц׳ͬҲЦȻ׳˵Сֵܣҿ㻹ǳȥɣԭ̫ΣˣǿߣһܹȻͣûеɡ
СˣŷƣȴûзЦЦȴûлش𡣹ŷһ̤ʧ׳ǵ
׳¶ȵɫЩ𾪵˵СˣСֵܿʵǿˣֲøһ˽ԭ
磬㿪ʲôЦһСƨǿһʵҪ֪㣬Ҳֻܺһǿ߿Ⱑ׳ߵЩȻеһСƨȻӵôǿʵ
ͬĻ׳Цˣ칬ʮ֣棬һǿһ㱾£㲻ʲô
棬Ҳ칬ʮ֡˵ǸȻԼĴ缸޵ˣ칬ʮ֣ûĶ֡
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ŷ統Ȼ֪Щʱ߽˱ԭĵطͬʱ˵һԭˡһ׸ߵıԭˣͨɱɣŷʱʱ˹Ӵõ涼𶯡
ŷ绹ǵһμҲûж㿪ֱһȭȥҪ̽ԭ˵ʵ

һ죬ԭֱӱ飬ըֻһɫ࣬ɢ⡣
൱һʵˡŷ˵ͷȻ˵ķʼе
СɾԪŷ嵱Сùŷһ˱ĸоǳˬ
ܹоԪ쳣⣬Ȼʵ΢һ㣬ûκθá
ȻǺöЩʥҩãƵʹáŷ۾һ˵ĹȻ٣ԭ˵ֱ࣬ʵ
ڹŷϲʱһȺԭǷߵĶȻŷΧ˹
ԹŷʵǷУǹŷͳȥһȺʮԭȫɱˡ
ŷʮֱ࣬գʵٴһء
ոǿ߾磬ҪЩ֮ȶ磬ԹŷյЩ޼ɵԼͻơ
ȥıԭԽԽǿùŷ罫ֱһ׶ߵıԭˣŷˡ
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ŷüͷ壬Ѿʱˣſ֮⣬ǵһˣǴӶԷУŷ֪ǲ⡣
Ľԭ˵ŽУŷתȥ꣬ǶǸ߰ͷ­ǲ˷һۡ
Σŷ֪Լ֪ߵغɵƣʼ磬ǡ
ڹŷҪߵʱϴ꿪ڣȻĶŹŷ磬е㲻
һŵӣùŷЩЦһƾʲô˵ֻ
ҴĻûУϽǸࡣͽҲ˵ȻûнŷС
ҵĶΪʲôҪǣŷЩЦ˵
ǿǵˣ㲻֪ǵݣȻĻͻ˫ַġͽЦһȻı飬Լжô˲һ
ŷ̲סʵǿԸңʲô˰ɣ
Ϊ˲Ǳ軵ĺӣǵԷҽ֮󣬹ŷ̲סɴ۾
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ʮֵһ͵Ȼǣŷˡǰǿһ˿ûиַȵļһȻ칬ʮеһ͵ĴڣùŷЩסˡ
ΪԼˣڿˣŷ֣Լ໹ǳǳԣȣʲô㲻ϡ
Ȼǵ͸Ͻԭ˵ཻĻǾͲɱˡ˵Լͷܹùŷô𾪣Ǻġ
׳աŷʵ̲סֱ˳
ȻԷΪ칬һǿߣһǵǿߣļһŷʵûа취˿صͷ
ħɫ˲ˣĶŹŷ磬ħڿ˵Ҿܾ
칬УϱħûҾܾԼأΪ칬ʮһĴڣԼϡ
ŷ粻˵ֱжԼľ
һĳâγһƣѹȥ
ħɫ΢䣬ܵŷǿƣǱ˿
֣Ҫ⡣ħɫ˲䣬һŷӭȥֱƣȻŷһȭ
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ŷоԼĿռ䣬еԪڱ֮ܣԼѹ
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ħˣŷҲһħɫȴЩˣɫͨ죬Ȼò԰ףɫ𾪵УħһѪ˳
ɴ۾Щţƽʱ޵еĴ磬Ȼһ֪Уһεĸо
ΣΣΪʵ̫ˣԼĴôܰܣԷ棬ѪǸҪ׷Լı̬
㵽˭ʱħȫϵĿ֮ɫŷѯʡ
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566 
ҽżĸһħֱֵӾˣ˽壬ǳΪǿһ壬ÿһĴˣǿߡ
ħڶʮǰֻɱ칬УѪϴ˰칬칬֣Ķڲ
óĽֶΣ޽⣬ɾǿ߳Ҳһ
˴ͷɥĸڹŷڱԭ֮ɱԭˣֻкüʱ䣬ŷȴûзֱ䡣
ʲôħʵʱѾߵ˱ԭģܵһΣյϢԸǰǰˡ

⼸ʱ䣬ŷ粢ûиԼҪҵĶʲôħʻ˵˳
ʲôͻȻһ̲סʵ
ŷ翴һۣûؤиԼ˵˳
ŷĻħһۣȻħ˵֪ʲôطǸطΣա
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ŷ֪νıˣֻǵСɽΧһȺ׶ߵıԭ˵ʱ򣬹ŷЩβˣЩһһϣһɶҪοˡ
һ͵ЦħֵһۣŷͻȻ⣬һЦȻָżٸԭ˵ǸҰ
ħЦݽסˣǲһ˳ЩһһһСı׷ˣԵʮ
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һŷ粻ҵֱٻħ˪˹
˪˾ŭܵħĿ£ڿٵĺˡʱѾˣŷֱһڱ˪˵Դ棬롣
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ŷͷȻɵ˵ɱһһıԭˣǵɫıԭ𣿡
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ŷʱҲоԣһǵصɱⱬԭŷоľȻٶȸ죬ֱӳԽֵˣڴ˹ȥ
ڱԭеߣܵɱ⣬һǱӴܣǴ֪˭ȥ˱ԭߣȻѹˡ
һαԭѣԭһһȻǶ׼ЩΪϵ͵ˣӲġ
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֪Ǳԭѹ¶ȵɫֱǣ϶͹ŷйϵ
ڶ֣רעֻҪŷҳǾͻԥĳ֣ŷɱ
ŷܵڵʱ򣬹ŷһľĸоֱҪȥȻܵԵĴ
ڱԭߵϢԽԽ޷ֵǲȥĻҲɡ
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567 ϹѩŮ
ŷһֹסԼĳ嶯ħĵ飬û뵽ʱˡ
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ЩϲħͶԷн飬ͲõˣڳȥŷǲԸģоǵһ˳ٲ
ŷħż˵߲ߣ
ŷҡҡͷһۣ˵ǿ˵ɱңҲˣǷģˣһ֮ڵǼ档
ŷĻʱˣҪ˵ЩʲôȴħסˡħĿ˹ŷһۣ˵ϣԶš
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һȥ֮һȻϽһߣҲ׹ŷ粻ԭڣҲֻ
ڱԭ棬ȻҪԱԭߣǱˣҪõĶˡ
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ȺһȺҲɢĲˣȻԭ洫һ޴Яžɱ⣬ԽռϣǵĶС
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ˣŷ뿪ɣԭһ֮ǲܽˣȵҪƽϢʱٽȥǰҳ
뿪ǵĿǹŷ磬ڹŷˣȻûеõǵҲˣߵúɡ
뿪󲻾ãȴڱԭڴűԭڣΪŷͬʱҲףǹŷĳˣ칬Ҫƹ
ԭУŷĿɿڴĶǰŮˣ͸Ƿˣһӣɢų׵Ϣ
ħĵŮ˾Ǳԭߵʱ򣬹ŷֱԼ۾
ΪԭҲԭһȴû뵽ԷεģһƯ
ǶԷһϢŷ綼ȥڨĳ嶯
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ŷһ㶣ױԭںħ˵һħͱԭǾʶȻ
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ŷһ¶ŵɫǰŮˣȻϹѩŮ
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ڼѩŮһ˲䣬ŷ֪ԷԲǴ˵еһΪʵǳǿԶԶԽ׷ɱˡ
Ϊ˸ȴ𱨳ҳΪʲôӣνħ˵ϱһɾɷԭڱѡ
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568 
ħϽڹŷǰþ˵ѩŮ㲻Ҫ֪ܲһ飬СһﲻѡģԯǸϻ쵰ѡģҪĻȵǸʱҿôԯ
ʲôϹѩŮסˣԯֵʱ˴һȼ֮ţԺЩѾļ䣬ӿԺУ۽һξӨˮȻˤڵϣƬ
ԯţϹѩŮĵʵ
ŷһ˵ƵŮǧȻûôţƺйϵŮҲ٣ϹѩŮȻһ
ֻǻƵۺȲǵôѩŮӣȻվһġ
ŷԼеͷˣϹŵ˷룬ŷȻףܶĴ˵ģжȻ顣
֪ĹиСӵģһԤУҲԯδֻˣһܴľ֡ħص˵ľֵʱħгɻ
ԯڲ֣Ҳڲ֣кܶϹŴܣڲ֣һЩǿߣҲͬڲ֡ϹѩŮ˵϶ħĻ
ڲʲô֣ŷЩʵ
ֱйŷãԼĳЩ˵ˡָоЩˬ˭ˣﶼοǹŷһ콾֮߰
ϹѩŮ񿴳˹ŷ˼һ˿мЩ㻹ûʸ֪
ŷɫһЦȻΪ£ҲûʲôýģΪҲʲôߣҲ֪ǰƾʲôôиһȵĸо
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ôϹŻڣŽɣҪԼɱˣڱǰԽУֱ֪ˡŷ˵ǳ̱
ԷѾŷ缤ŭˣµĹŷ磬ɲܶԷʲôǿߡ
ϹѩŮ˵Źŷ磬һĨɱ
߳ŭˣŷһĳʮʱ䣬ҽԽ㣬ڽ¡ţȻֻһˣǹŷǿţȴѩŮ
㱼䣬Ϊʲôħԯѡһˣ뵱ʵ̫ˣͬ˵ѱ
ĬһᣬϹѩŮŰֵˣ߰ɣﲻӭǡ
ŷ绹̼Է䣬ħͼϽһŷˢһ¶˹ȥڵĻҲʻ˶档
ˣǿ߰ɣѾȼˡħ˵ͬʱûŷС
ŷħˣѩŮˣٲˡ
ŷаһԥ˳ȥ
Żгһ˾ŷӭ˹ŷʶһ߳жԷ֮䡣鴤£Ȼһ˹ȥ
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ŷĿɿڴ߷֮󣬹ŷſԷ˭˹ȥŷӣЦߵߡ
һ֮󣬶ʱסˣΪ澹ȻΪһţŵˡ
ħڹŷпЦһ˾Ȼĵûлϵˡ
ģϽơŷҲˣͱĵطһǷ˵ĻֱӺԼ
Ľʲôӣŷ粻֪Կ϶ԼԲĶ֡
ȻţǲһԴˣ֪֮䣬ֲĲࡣȻӵħҲһãȴڵϣžõ
Һùŷҽˣѹ֮ǰڽĵƺˡŷһԴϵĺˮһ
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˵ˣҺ㣬Ҫ㣬ӻǴأءһĵĴޣһŷ
ŷӣȻ󺰵ǲ⣬оһĵӸκˡ
ŷĻϽͣסȻ˿档
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Ҿ˵û˰ɡɫƽŷŸҽӽ
˭֪òãԺҪ⣬ƴҲҪĵҲˡŭɫ˵
ˣʹҲȥˣо֮ڳ鴤ָоʵ̫ˣʱĳ嶯
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569 ǧ
õ𣿡йԼĲ涢Źŷ磬һӡ
ŷϽ˫أǳ˵棬ҸҲˣټʣҲܴҵ⡣
һѪһ˳ʹһϴУҲ֪ŷ˼
ӲϲˣѱҡԵЩ͵ӡ
ŷӻн˳Ӹ档
ϽסȻСķŽУ¶һӣȻٺٵɵЦ
ЦʲôˣʲôôŷЩʵ
˵ûκôȴܹһŮഺפǸŮΪ۷ĻܰǸŮɾŷͣŷ۾ԽԽϽ˼ĶŹŷ磬û˵֪ʲôҸһ飬ժֻ֮֮ãȥŮãҲġ
ĻùŷеĴ㣬ʼ磬Ц˵ôأ̫Сˡ
ӵĵ˹ŷһۣû˵йأˣԼɣˣΪˣһˣýΪϾٳ
ŷͷûж˵ʲôת뿪
ŷҲ׼һ򣬷˹ȥ
ķһҵλ칬ıϰټפ໥ǣƣγһƽĬһ֮
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ȻģԴϢǰЩƳǣڸոոϻԱȽò˶ãǸŷѶͻᴫˡʼ˵˵˵Ȼû뵽ԼǣûһµԼţ
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ħǵ칬ĳ裬ãɳҲ齫ݡһ˲м˵ǳޡ
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ʱһȺ˽һ˾Ȼǹŷʶ칬Ǹҵӻǧ
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֮ɨһ۾¥УȴѾûλˡǧüͷһ壬תҪ뿪
⵹ùŷЩԾˣҪ֪칬УǿʳǧΪ칬ʮֵӦǷǳǿƲŶԣȻΪûλˣתȥ
ҪԷ˶Ҫÿ
칬ʮ֣Щϱ˵Ҳʹ˲ʱǼʹ۷ĶսһЩϱǿߣҲǵĶ֡
磬һ£ȥһ¡ǧȴһתǧ˵һ䣬Ȼҡڵŷ˹
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ǣŷȻǸûĻһ
ǧɫŷĲһַǳˬĸоʱ̲סûǲǣϽ
ʱ򣬻ǧȵ˹ǧ񡣡
˹Ȼŷһȭλֵ̨ܲ£Ī֡
ԼͶԷ˿ǧɫ΢΢һ䣬ͬʱ任һЦŷԣⶼһᣬǧλ̨Ǹˡ
ŷЩĿһۣû뵽ֵܾȻ˱֡˵ԼһûȨûƵˣǲôŶԡ
ŷҲûô࣬˰֣ʾԼƽϣȻԲˡ
ǧһȻݺݵĵԼܵһۣǾҪ뿪ʱϰϽλˣǾ¥а䣬ǲСªĻ뵽ɡϰһˣ֪ԷǴͷˣͨ˵ǮҲʮֺ׬
У·ǧȥ֡ǧķԸ
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ǧ˵ͷϽ뿪ڻǧϰ˰ȥ
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570 Ƕ
۵߽ŷЦˣȻôɣν֣ǽŵˡ
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ŷĿ޼ɵĶڶԷϣԷȻˡǰɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼһ˫кһһֹŷϡ
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˶¶ȻɫȻܹղ˽һ֣Կȴǽŵˡ
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ڳĶʲôˣĻǸŷ˵Ľɫŷ˹˸Ž⣬ÿһϵĽҪʤһڳ˾˹Ӱˡ
ߵŷǰʱ򣬽⻯һѽ𽣣ŷ˹ȥ
¶һĨЦݣԼһ֮£Ȼ۷ǿߣҪѪοŷȻղűֵǿƣΪǿ߶ѡ
ŷһƳ˳ȥ򵥶ֱӽ𽣴飬ȻڶԷϡӻʮȻء
ĶŹŷ磬ŵɫԷǿ߾磬Ȼһƽˣһ
Ľӵɫ䣬ŷ߳˹
ȻǸղŵĶŷһƳȥЩȫɳȥȴûпʼǸӵĺˣʱѾûϢ
ˡжð뷨ȻãҪˡ
Ȼ˸ҵɱŵĵӣӾԻģȻǰǿߣôǿƣҲҪ
ǸڵϣһߵĻǧֽűҪкԼڿ磬ҲδǰĶ֣˭ͽʲôޣһ´˺֡
㵽˭칬ʲôʱǿߡʵ֪ԼˣԷֵĺ̶ȣԲȥ
׷ɱôʱ䣬Ȼʶң̫ʧˡŷЦĨһѣָԭò
¥е˻Ȼ֪˹ŷϣǸħĶӣֻǴѾ
ղ˵ϢʳͣҲĿɿڴԼŭĿӣƣҪ֪ϢԴǾԿɿġ
ħ֮ӡӿЦһ׶ԷΪʲôôˡ
һۻǧ˵ͣΪɱҵϣҸһһ飬ǻû׷ֳ飬ҿɲΪŷϣҪкҽŵĵӡ
ӵĻǧˣǱһñӣǻҾ군ˣȻǱϾţһרϴεģȴû뵽ַ顣һãı˻Ǩŭˣһܿ칬
ʣ㲻Ҫҳ֣סˣûбҪˣŪĻǻҲʿһ˭붯ܶġǧƽдһŭ⣬ĿͶŷ磬¶һĨȡ
ǧĻʳĬȻôһȷʵҪǧ֡
ֻ֪ǧʮǺܶףʵȫڵһ͵ڶ˵ǰʵʵ࣬ϣľ硣
һ֣ǹŷҲӦˡ
˵ƿԣǧĿͶŷϣ˵ȻҺܿܲĶ֣ΪϴϵɣһҪ㷢ս
ǧǳ䣬ùŷǳкøУ˿ԳΪһѡ
ŷûжֻǵ˵ڱԭħֲҵĶ֡
˻һ˶¶ɫ
ħ칬һ֣֮£ȻǹŷĶ֡ŷ絽жôǲ
ǧϻһĨЦݣŷĻ֮ϵЦʧȻЦһҲĶ֡
ĺħһսħ֣Բ˵Ķ֣ŷȻܹѹˣԲǹŷĶ֡
ʼˣǧ͹ŷ綯֣ô죿
ǧҪ֪ǼмǿѣҪףǻѣҲҵǽţǽҪ㻢ңұ𡣡ŭ˵
ǧһۣͻȻмһЦҲûпһۣȻת뿪
ǧǿǧˣһҧ͸ȥ˲ʣһˡ


571 ̤
ǧڵġʷһŭȴ־ŹŷԼĵ㺮뵽Լ̲ס
ʿӱ˵Լȴ޷Įӡ
ǧͷҲأֱ뿪ʻ䣬֪Լ군ˡҲûһҵ
ܷܲңʵ
ܣǣҿԲɱ㡣ŷЦе˵һ£ȻɱԼ
ȴ뵽ʲôһֵŹŷ磺㲻
뵽³Ǳһˣء
뵽һݣҪԾ
ŷͻȻǰȻסľʾֵУһϡ
˲䣬ǰһƬڰȴ˵ôź޷κζ
ָо־壬֪ܵһʲôʹˡ
ҲˡŷʵĶУڲźŷħ
ŷķгֵϢ칬󻩣һʱ֮䣬ΪЦϾ˵ŷѾڱԭУڶԷȴǿƳˣɱ˽ŵļӣʷϵ
ǳȰƣеŭӣͬʱԴϢˣԹ˼㡣
ϢˣҲɵˣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼûԭ߷ŭ룬ҲֻбĽǹŷȴ߳ˡ
ǲţȴòţΪŷѾˣķö֣֮һĴ͡
һȺ׳գûҪֵĻϽķǡŷ緢ƣˣֱƭ˵ĶĿķǡ
Ϣʱŭʮ˳˳ķǸ칬ˣ̫ǿƣֱɳʮˣְ˭ܱȣǽֺųƲĴеɣҲ
ʱĹŷ磬һǳظ˹ȥ
Ҿ֪ŵһСǳأ³Ϣ֮󣬺ȵоƣȻȥ
ǧ꣬ڵǻ۹Ȼ١ԯݺ飬˵ȴʼûۿߵŮһۣǶԷǵòԯݺῴֻǿһ
תԯݺϣǳԵɫֻ۾ȴžǱϱֵ
ǣΪһسǣ򣬶ǿ
û˸ҰľҲҪʵʵġ
ǽ죬龰ˡһư˷ԪֱӺһƬǽǽϵǿ
е˴
һȺǿֵ߳˳ȥһ̣иһѪֱӽȺǿû
Ѫϰǿʧ˻ɱ
ɿֲڣȻֻʱﻹܹӰֵѾʧˡ
ŷ硣һҧгݡ
ңһ߲ԶҾͲţһ˻ܷ첻ɡһŭ
ǷֿȥѰҹŷ磬ȴ˿ҲŷκټֻߺߵķءǸʱ򣬳Ŵٴδһ󲨶˱ɱǸȥʱ򣬹ŷٴʧ
˷޴޾ͷųַԲʮĵطȴ޷ҵŷڣǹŷһ˲䣬Ѿӳ˼ʮһ
ҡ
˼ѰңվûҵŷڡĴŭ񷡣ضڲȻ޴ѷ죬ܲסǵϡ
ֱ֮˲뿪ŷһƬݴ죬ùϢȫϢȫΧһӹԷȻҲһͱԷˡ
УͻϾУĻҾԲ˵Ķ֡ܵ˵ʵŷҲðգղŶԷֻҪϸһ£ͻᱻˡ
еĽɫ˳ŷֱĵطҵһƧɽȣʼɫࡣ
ӴŷУܵԼɱ䣬ӯ˼㣬Ѿﵽһٽ㡣
ȴ㣬ıԭ˳Ȼʼֱбԭ˵඼Լڣŷ翪ʼء
ͻȻŷըѪһ˲䱻ݻ٣Ȼ𶯣Ӵ˲޸
һ߸ӽ׳֣ŷܹܵͬϳһǿǰǿ˲֪١
ŷ粢㣬ٴνݻ٣Ȼ죬˾ŴΣڴﵽһޣŷɫâɣһӰ֣ڹŷ󣬺Ȼǹŷò
ϣϾ硣ŷ૵˵
ʽ̤Ͼ硣


572 ȴħ
νϣָǷ˵ļʱһͷԾ˵̤ħУȣûмˡ
Щķˣŷһָоһͷɱһǿߡǿĸоԣͬʱ˵ǿ󣬸һʶѾԲԼеô򵥡
֮ǰɱһˣȫΪ䲻⣬һǰڹŷ˵ʱ򣬲֪ôǿ
ڵʵħҪ˶սǺܼ򵥵ģҪɱһˣ̫סŷԼʵжϡ
ӵ飬ѾһˣʹЩ˲֪ħȴ㹻ľ裬Ҫһֲȫܵġ
ˣһ飬ҵطӡȫˣҪɱһһˣһ£ֻ֮ϵǿߣΪΪԭ򣬾ҲǶ֡ħڹŷ¶ϲɫ
˵ģŷоԼЩ
ɱˣһʵȻħԭҲ˵ŷпʵˡ
ʵǿߣҪҲǷǳɵġ
һСС˶ѣǲŵĻھͿȥｫСնˡħ˳ǿš
ŷһȴûжȻӵնɱ˵ʵһħ¶ܻ칬ǿ׷ɱһЩòʧˡ
뵽ŷǿסԼеĳ嶯ٺЦ˰ɣǶ졣ŷ෴ķȥ
ŷı֣ħͷǿͷԣһζĳ嶯˲ܻþԶ
ŷȻԵȴɵӣ֪ʲôʱʲô顣
ȥû˿ԥ
ŷ粻֪ʱ򣬽ȴһϢº󣬽Ҫԯףͬʱǿ߲μӻ
һϢ¡
ԯʲôˣսԯ޵еŮȻ֪ΪҪڽţһҪӳף飬Ҫ޸ӵ飬칬һƬ񳱡
Щڲ²⣬ǲǽӺͳʲôЭ飬˲Żɻġ
ŷϢʱѾڵˡЦ˵Ϣ֮ԼǰĹŷˣɢһ˶ɵϢ
ôˣʹ֪ŷҲЩɣѵԯʲôϵɡ
ŷûشֻǵ˵֪칬Ŀʲô
ѵǰ³ɻһֱ˶Ϊŷԯݺ³İ֣³ģûķ
ŷô˵Ȼɻ󣬲ҲǴ֮ˣ˲㷴ӦΪԯģ
ŷӣ֪Լ²¶ˣŷ磬ΪԯҲԽͣΪʲô³ΪûͻɾҪ̤칬ԭΪҵֵԭ򣬶Ϊ͹ŷѣæġ
Ůˡ
֣ˡֱԣڵΪǺͽӲĻռκκôȰ
ȻҪƹŷǣǵ֮ȴԵ쳣ϡ
֪ȴˣҪùˡŷЦɫǳ
ʲô˼ʵ
ùŷ绰е˼ľϢ
ŷ翴һۣЦ˵һοħŵĻᣬýᣬ˳
пȴɫװƽ˵Ҳ˼
ʵҲ칬֮󣬲׵⣬㲢Ǳڽţһжľ֣Ϊ칬ĥľֻ֣벻ǣžȻ˳סŷЦ˵
ԵһһĴе֣ԯ쾹Ȼǡ
֮Ըô϶ΪҸ˵ΪҪ׷ˣǰΪײǾߣԲΪҲû̫ڲףν׷ΪһʲôˡŷЦ˵ʱ򣬹ŷҲ𾪣Լжϡȴжϣٷ֮ٵľࡣ
ԿڸʱԼҪ޷˼ˣԯ쿰ȴħϢ̫ˡҪ֪ħ񣬵Ѫϴ˰칬
ȻΪŷƭԼڹŷΪˣҲЩ˽⣬ԲֻԣȥƭһԳ֮Ϊѵˡ
˵ħŵһλᡣ


573 ˵
ħˣƵĺƾƣԴӱŷ֮ǾͺٿˣǰԸҲ
ŷµֶΣ쳣£ҹеĳ֣Ҳδֶ
ʼ˵ŷŵùǺϾǹŷˣҲˣŷķеϢǲһʵʵĵڵ֮С
ǣ𣿡һ˵üͷǷʱȻκ˽Ӵ
Ҫʱȴо쳣Ϥ˸Ͻ̧ͷ㿴һϤס
㡣ͬʱһ
ŷЦЩӵˣȴǳƽ
ˡħЦ˵֪ΪŷѾ˵ʱܵ˶ľš
ŷһĨЦ⣬˵ϣҲ
ӿɲħϽ˵ûп
͹ŷദ죬ħҲ֪ԷһرˣԼ̰ڵ
һе飬ԹԼں̵ܶʱ棬ħ·˺ܴı仯
ûȤһʴŷͻȻʵ
ħһЩɻĿһ۹ŷ硣
ߡŷ
ħһۣŷ뿪ǽԿ˵ʱرСһĸڹŷԾ̲סŴ͡
ʲôþȵġŷƲƲ죬м˵
ԿЦһָָħˣ𾪵˼㣬칬һֺǵСģ棬ҲûңҪǲȣǲء
ʲôʵڹŷǲԼĸ粻һԸȽϳ嶯ҲΪֱˬһ㡣
ţȻõĶħƽ֡ŷ絭˵
ŷĻħһ£ǼֱΪԼˡһĴУҺħ֣Ҳܿʧأͷȴûκãһ޴ĵˡ
ܣ̫ˣŲһɣҪеô򵥵ġħҡͷϿɹŷĻȻǱŷƿУȴʲô鶼Ҫӹŷġ
Ӱ쵽˵飬ħȻҵͷͬ⡣ǹŷɱҲһ
Ȼ֪ټһħǿأŷЦʵ
˻һħоŹŷ磬ʵ˵ģ
ԯ죬ҵŮˣһȴħǿߣνĻ죬Ȼᷢʱ֣⽫ų׻𡣡ŷĲ˵
ʲôԯôǿ󣿡ħֵ𾪣ŷһӣȴòš
Ҫ֤ݡħ˵
Źŷ磬ϵشһСģὫңٲ֮ء
ǴħĶӣһ㻹𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ħȻһۣȻʵֵ˼
һλᡣԵ˵
ħ֪˼ˣ˵ͷħ˵֪ˣһģŷҲ̫ϣҹʲԷô꣬ƫһ磬Ȼ¸ߵѾʧȥ˽ȡģδػԸһս
ŷЦЦû˵
ħ뿪ˣ˵ıӰЦ˵Ҽ룬򵥶ˡ
ôҿ϶һ룿ŷЦʵ
˹ŷһۣо˸Ϊֵ룬Ҿͬħ˵ƫһ磬Ȼ¸ߵǱϾûôĵ̣ӦǷǳĵģʧȥ˽ȡģƭСӵģҾܿħ˵УͳҰġ
ŷЦЦĿԶԶ·Ͷ޾գﵽ˽š
ʥŮſԸһ֣ɱšԯݺὫǰŮʵȴ쳣ƽ
ʥŮţһȫŮɵɣ칬УȴһʵǱ֮ţҲ١
ԯݺŮˣʥŮŵĵʥŮʥŮӵкܴȨơ
ԯݺĻЦһԯݺǳԣԯݺĻ֮ûдӦҲûоֻܾƽʵǳ֣ʥŮʲôô
˽ţǿԷȡ޴ĺôԯݺ˵ʹǰŮԯݺȴûж࿴һۣǸ֪ǰŮ˵òһ
ʥŮʵͽŲ࣬ǿгֵĻֻܾˡ˵
ԯݺɫƽ˵ģŲΪǣΪֱ׷Ĵħ񡣡
ԯݺĻˣŵĶԯݺᣬеϢ
ҴӲ˵ѡԯݺᵭ˵
Ȼףԯݺĸ߰գˣԲм˵ѵġͬԯݺ˵ԯΪֱ׷Ĵħһַǳõĳֻᡣ
ԯΪʲôҪԽų֣Щʵ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬲űڽŵģ֪첻ϲӣϲǹŷ磬ĵ죬϶ᱬģҹŷҲӣҲµĲĻѾħų֡
£ȻɫȸǡҴȥԯݺȴ¶һĨЦ⡣


574 ˻
ͬʱ³Ҳһصĵط
ιǸطɱһϴڸաԲǧһƬž
һνŴ飬Ȼб䣬Ƕǰȥ¡һϵ˷˳ȥ׷ɱŷˡ
Ȼһɽ壬̧ͷǸŮˣȻͬǰһ㣬ȻַԯĿʱ򣬽һֱȫĸо
һ֮Ǵ飬֪ͨġӵ˵ȴԵúǿӲ
ԯû˵ȻվûӵĻһ㡣
ȥֻԯһվ΢۾һĨмЦݣȻƽ
ӣǸŮʲôӦ壬һʵ⿪֮䣬̺һޱߵϡ
ǽŵ̫ϴϽȪΪɾ磬ҲǱϽŵĵһǿߡ
ûκαʾ̫ϳϣҾһΣҲˡӵ˵ȴһ˿ɬ
Ȼıߣɨ칬ͬƹΪܳ˽֮һпʶɾ磬ԯʱȴС
֮Ĳʵ̫ˣһ蹵һվھ⣬һȴվޱԨû˿ɱԡ
ûʲôԴģҪףܹŮ˾ͷΪ¯ʱ˵ͻɾֱӽΪɶпܣһλᣬǲܷŹȪᶨ˵
ǳصһȪϣܹߵĸߣҲܹʶס
ҰģҲһ󱲵ΣԽȪŻľ
ֻҪץǸŷ磬ǿƣҲòǵİţһҪסǧҪκεģһѣ칬ӹȪ
ӵͷһȻ뿪ֻͷĳأȴû˿ᡣԯ죬쵽涼ʧȥĵŮˣô򵥵𣿽ӴôΪ
ڹŷ磬ܱԯ쿴ϣҲԲô򵥵ģһε飬ǴãһԤУΪŵһ
ʱԽԽƽŷ硢ԯݺ³ˣȴǷһ㣬ĹŽŵһЩǳء
ǵжýŸ߲Цȴ˾衣
ֻ˵Ļŵһָͷɱģֻƽʱʵ̫ҲǵĲ֮ضѡ
ŷԯĹϵҲŵ˿⴫˳ڴףΪʲôŷ³һˡҶħĶӣǳͬ飬ԼŮ˼ˣ˭¶һӵĳɣҲѹֹŷѣ⼸Ĺ
󣬹ŷôȻĻԲѡķйʽȻ˽ţȴ̫أֻ˵˽ŵƤë
ֻм֪֪Ҫùˣһͬ飬ΪԽţʧȥ衣
ڹŷɱһеǿ֮һ˲Ǳˣǻǧ
ʲôŷЩ⣬ǧʱԼ֪ԷʲôĿġ
֣˽šǧһƽȴ˵һùŷ綼ȵĻ
ЩĶŻǧǾȵʵô֪Ҫ˽ţ飬ҺħŵˣӦû֪Ŷԡ
µģԸ񣬾ԲԼŮ˱ߣھǷһĴŵĴ²˲˽ŵĸҲ²ʵ
ǧ٩٩̸һùŷˣû뵽ԼͼȻǧһ˿
ҲµòĻӦ㹻ĵƣԶţǲһѡǧЦ˵һгı顣
ΪʲôҪôŷʵ
ɻǧͼϾμңŵĵһ𣬶ҹϵܡ
ŷʻûǧЦһû˵Ϊǣڻǰɱ˽ŵĵӣǻҵȴ˿ûʧȻҲˣڽţȴ̫࣬Խо˻ɣǻ㴮ͨõģԽš
û֤ݡŷüͷû뵽ȻһԭĹҵˣȻԼȡһѡ
£Ҫ֤ݡǧ˵
ŷЦˣ֣ӽǾˡ
϶ġǧҲЦˣֻһ


575 ٻ
ƻȻڼ˶ֻ֪йŷˣ޷ŤתʽΪŷ籯Ҳв˳ЦĲ
еĿȻǵϣʱ򣬹ŷԯݺˡ
һɱʹ죬жʮǿҵС³ЦһС棬ܵشԸҪκι˼ɡ
ɱʮ˸ԯݺɫƽ˵Ļȴ³ЦȻֹ
Ȼ˽Ŀͷŷ磬ŷԼıӣȻЩ˼˵ɱʮ
Ӿԯݺᶼˣ³Źŷ磬β˵̬
ŷɫڣԼôͱ̬ˣǳòá
Цһǿʼ̸¡
ʥŮų档ԯݺ˵˿Լ۹ʱԯݺüͷһ壬û˵Ҫˡ
ŷ³ջĿ⣬ֻǿǵɫȻѾˡ
ԯݺصĴһҪߵĳ嶯֪һʲôԼֿɫŮ˵
ȿȣһλǿߣҲ칬нһλǰ³˵˵Ǹǰʱ³ǳݡ
˵ŷҲܹ³Ǹǰǿ
ʿʱλǰΪʲô֣ŷͻȻʵ
³¶һĨЦЩɬ˵ʱλǰͲ֪ҲǽЩʱ䣬ŸӦѾѹˣŽʿһ飬˵λǰ
³ĻŷҲ֪˵Щʲôˣ컯Ūˣʿ㹻ĵģֻǽųʵ̫ˡ
붯ħšһһңЩԽŻٵˡŷ罫Լ뵽˸ˡ
ȴûйŷôֹۣԯݺЦ˵Ļʤδжˣ㸸״ɱ칬̫ĵˣҽҲûѣһԻҪȡѹʤҿѡ
ԯݺĻ˼֪ԯݺ˵ʵΪ칬вĴУôױĻͲ֪Ŷٴˡ
ϵ쳣ǿ󣬵Ǳ֮ţȴûжơ
ô죿ŷüѾܹۼˡ
ô죬¡һЦڹŷǰߣˣһһŮӣɴ棬ݣǹǴȵıܹ֪һˡ
һӣȻǹŷʶŵ½磬ɱӱڽŵӱɱֵ֮ģԯϢ
һ£칬ħλҵţҲ֮һٻӡΪܡ
Ȼŷǵ𾪣ԯݺһۣ˵ԯݺᣬһ³Ϊͷļһǹŷˡ
顣
˳ȥŷƵջԼĽţЦе˵ΪɩҾͲҴˡ
ͷ˻ŭǧеĹŷ磬ôأͲܸһӡ
ȿȣ˼ˡŷƲƲ˵ֻôı飬ǹġ
úáٻӵһۣȻҿԼɴһǵգڹŷǵǰ
ŷ絹һٻӹȻΪӣľգҲֻԯ죬ܹһȡ
ллŷֵΪٻŷ縣һ˵
ŷϽ㿪Ц˵˵ɩӣӦõģͲлˡ
֮䣬ȻտʼദűĿģǺȴֵܣԿЦԣĽܰٻӵ񣬹ŷ绹
ŷֵܶô£Ҫһþˡٻӵһۣһѵı顣
ڹŷǼУϽͷһı顣
ŷ˭Ҳû뵽֮һؤ棬Ȼһס뵽ٻҲ֮һҲȻˡ
ҲֻŮӣܹסͬܳ档
һιŷֵܶģŷֵܣ㾡ܷȥҰٻڵħţȫ֧ǵġٻӵ˵һӡ
ŷЩȣ͵ٻħѪֻЩûаԷʱûһлᣬǲŹŵġ
ĽͣŷȻͿ˵ͨˡ
ã֮󣬽ŽҪ칬ŷЦ


576 ϲ֮
ڹŷǵʮ㣬Ҳһ˫ΪԷԼʤ˭ҲԤδ
ϲһƬȴһɽΪ˿ԿֻǿԶԶһۣܹԼһŮһ㣬վɽϣƾ磬ɡ
ȻǳΧתﶼ·ҪĤֻһۣЩǿ߱ѣܵ˲Ĵˡ
Ǹ˭˶Ȼѯʡ
ǵõ˴𰸣֪Ůӱԯ죬Ϊδǣֻû뵽Ȼֲ˵ز¾棬ҲԯĶ֣Щɾˣڿԯʱ򣬶ľ
ԯ쵽׶ǿû˵壬һԶԶĿһۣɫһƬ죬ʲôû˵ߵʱ򣬽ŲȴЩ鸡
ѵԯ죬һɲɣرǿƵĽɣôܸôԶһⴴ
ʱһһٽ֪ٴǰɾˣ칬УƵ̡
ǺܿϺܺȻףλˡ
ҲֻǱϵĶѣ˭Ҳ֪ǵ״ʲô⣬Ͼ°Ե˵ˣҪҪĶġ
鵱죬˶ǾȣҲ֪Ҫһ籩ħĶǵУôԼͶǵĻ
вɱݺᣬǶħɣһǰնɱŷͷΪԼĸ
ҪԼھм䣬ʲôӦһߵ鷢ʡ
˺㡣ԯݺᵭ˵Թŷӣûкøеģβһ
Ǹ𣿡ŷЦ
󿴵һǿҲɱˣŷԼΪǲħҲܿһˣɣֻģǶħҲ򲻹ֻԱ
ӻŭԹ˶ȱ¡ԯݺ̲ס̵ô꣬лڹż˵ǰԼﻰ˵ˣǽһˬ
ԯݺˬˣŷȴˬˣû˵⻰˵㵱˵ȥ
ԯݺ᣺
³һ͵Ц˶죬о˼
һͭһɷװĽӣԵ쳣ݣ⻹ǹŷǵһμűˣͷɣںһЩɾǿߺѣƣȴ˿·磬Ȼһ콾
ӣ˲áԯݺоһ
ŷ翴ԯݺһۣЦʵһս
ҲѾͻϾ磬ȻܲҲ䡣ԯݺᵭ˵һš
ոսϾ磬ҪаӣһִǣûнС
·ܵԯݺеս⣬ת˹˸ͬʵʣԯݺײһͬʱһ¡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬о̾ǿһˡ
ԯݺҲһеһ˿˲ʧŷ紫˲öԸ
ŷȻҲˣӲΪ棬ƾ콾ȻԯݺƣҲ·硣
ŷǶҿ϶ǲʵʵĻҲ̫ˡ
ٻûǰȻĻǿͨǵս̽һ浽״ʲôΡ
ʱҪˣ֪ʲôʱһһǿߣĿ࣬ӣըͷ
ŴҲˣͽ֮䲻Ըÿμ棬ضҪĵģһŴҪֵģǶһ֡³Щϲ˵
Ϊŷ˽Ŵݣŷ֪ŴŴųȻɣȴܹаǿߣ˿·磬ǿߡ
Ŵ֣ڹŷ˵쳣ġ
ŴʲôһŴŭĿӣǽŵ̫ϴϽȪŴսɵǿߣЩš
ǽ鲻ʧһڽŵĵ̣ȪԲӻ
ֱϲƺȣôǽžȻôСˣһƶûУŴ̵˵ȫԡ
Ŵһۣ˵ҪѺȵģǰǽŵѡ
ӵĻŴһЦСҲ˵һֱֻ̽ץ˹ȥ
ɵ£ӻѪҺ·ҪһҪֵȴֻŴּԼϡ


577 Լ
Ȫк˸ŭһŴң
ͬһֻ̽Ŵײһһ죬˽ֵನȴʧС
Ŵһ˿أЦһû˵ȥ
ŴĶȪҪʱһĶ棬ǿѹסԼеŭ𣬺ݺݵĵŴһۣջĿ⣬ûз
ֳշǳ죬ЦݵǣʱȴҲЦˣûпʼǿײһһķӣڳҲᱻ
ʶЩ˿ʼˡ
ɫ໹ھӳΪֹûз֣ԼȻô
ղǽȪȣղžҪˡзŭȴףԼܷ
˵ţҲֻһ˶ѣȻΣ˵ǰҲһ㡣
ʶӵ̬ͻȻһ΢ı仯˵ľȴʵˣԼ䣬ӿԼͻɵ·;
Сͻˣŷ羪ȵ˵Ϊڸղ£ȴû뵽Ȼ˻ᣬͻеһִ̤ɵˡ
ȪȻҲܵӵı仯¶ϲɫ˵ͻɵΪ˵˭ǾͷĪˡ
Ŵһۣ»ָƽɫֻһϢȴˡ
ǳȫСӣˬŴȻŷ˹
ŷһʲô˼ѵϳˣ
֪˭ģģ棬ҵĽֵܡŴ˵˵ԼĽֵܵʱ򣬹ŷӶһǳˡ
Ҫ֪Ȼ칬гȻŴǿȣ̫ԶˣûпɱԡɵǶôľžޣҲֻϡ
Ŵཻʵ̫˼ˡ
ǲûлŴĻܹϳ˵ݣԼ˸ģȻŴǿߣҲ
ŷһװ˹򣬿ǵ˸أûбϳĿԡ
ô죿ҸоŵϲҲˣֻǶڰһӣһ֣ҲĶ֡Ŵ˵̹ԼԷû˿˼ӡ
ŷЦЦҲŴİɣǸϼһȻ˶ԸõģҵǵȺУнŵѣǺܿҲǿߵɱͷ
ǿ϶еģŴôʱ䣬еô򵥣ҪǳĲףһμ֣顣Ŵǳ˵
ŷͷȻֲĴУпֲĵ̣һǿߣԲȫǻбֶΡֻǿһ֧ŵĻŸڲڣʷĳУˡ
ӡͻȻ˾Ǵһ˶Ǿһ֪Ϸˡ
һԼɷɽȥʱһɿֲĲӷ˻ɫͨ죬˼ʮסΡ
һŮӳڳУע£˵ӣƾķϲģҲȢңδ̫ЦЦ˰ɡ
ԯ죬жͷܶ˿ԯǷ·ۼ֮գЩˡ
ŷ΢΢Щȴûг嶯ʱ򣬻ϵʱ̡ԯӣȻҲԼĴ㣬ŷҪģĴ㡣
ѵҵԼɫѿʵֻǶԯ˵ԼǷϲģȴ
ϣ˭ûʸ˵ǾԯУһʮɾǿߣǼǿƵ֣Ըӹ˽ˡ
ԯһĨмЦݣɨһ۽ӣɨһ۽ţ󵭵˵ԼԼԣܴܹŷ磬ұ¼޸㣬㲻ܴܹŷ磬гһգ͸Ž֮зŵʱ򣬱뿪
ǹŷȴҳ֣һԹңԼЦͬʱҲһ𾪣ԯ˼ѵѾ͸˽ϵзţԲŻڽ뿪档
ֻҲ̫ˣǽŴʼһ֮أǲ͸һѾͨ컯ԯ쾹Ȼ͸ȫ
ڵľ磬״ﵽһʲô̶ȣ
ԯЦˣЦĺȴȺеĹŷһۣЦ˵ŷǰȴϲˣǴÿԡ
˻һ˵ɫ䡣


578 ŭһս
˵ע£ŷվ˳Ц˵㣬ôҵʲôһ뿴ЩɵﳪϷء
ԯЦԹŷˮҲǸղǸŮһŮˣַһ쳣ܵĸоеŮһܶ˿ŷ˲ơ
ˡ
һ죬һ䣬ɣ羪졣
һλɾǿ֣߳ʵǿޱȣҪնɱŷ硣
ŴľҪԮѾˣŷһȴţֵɣӵħԱʱ򣬹ŷȴ붯ħĵƣؼʱóȡսھͱ¶
ŷţԯԼߣԼܵ˺
ȻԯȻһƳ˳ȥ飬Ǹ˷˳ȥԡѪֵĶԯ죬ϵĶȴͣŷɱȥ
ħɣҾҪɱĶӣΪȥ˸𡣡Ǹɴɫ
ŷɫ䣬ֻЦһʱԯٴγ֣һָǸڵĵطʾһƬȻǸϣһ죬Ǹɷɻ
ɾ磬ԯг𾪣ףΪʲôԯԽĴʱ򣬻ôǿƣŶ󰡣ʮ꣬ȴѾǽǿˡ
ˣŽУ˵ǰģҲֻжʮǰĴħ񣬲ܹԯ
˶ĿͶţȻԯŷϵ򵥣ŽûʲôʾĻȻΪ칬˵Цϡ
ӿһ۽ȪԷԼ˵ͷ֪ôˡŷȥ˵ȻҪԼûŷ֮һսʤˣӵ졣
ŷ̵ĶŽӣм˵вмɣ
ɫ˵ŷ磬֮ûκãһսʤңʸӵ졣
׳գ㱾ҵŮˣҺαģҾƾ㣬ӮңҲվӣǸʸ𣿡ŷ粻м˵Ļνޱȣȴòдʹ졣
μӽӻˣҲһǽŵѣǱſϷ̬ģвˣѹ
ɫ࣬ȫŭ֮ͬУԯ죬û˸ء
ϻ̫ˡӳ
ҧ˵Ĺǲеģ㲻˵Ȼҧ˵Ĺҵ÷ŵ㡣ŷЦ˵ýɫ࣬һҪŷ˺ĳ嶯
ȿȡȪͻȻһѽӣδսŭǿ˵Ѿһˡ
ǹŷʵٺͽӲ࣬һսôˡ
ȪĿӵͻȻѣŷһ֪̾ԷѾӦˣҲϻֱһ̤ϸ߿գӽӣɣָһ㡣
ɫڣЦһ𡣾ʱ򣬹ŷȴֱһ̤Ԫȫѹȥ
ӱɫ룬ֻܱܵĺһȭȻڵһ棬γһӡ
˿ĶĿɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˲ƣڽҪյʱ͵ϮһֱӽӲ˵档
һսǽӮˣˣ˵һ޴ĳ衣
һ콾Ϊ칬֮һȴ̤棬⽫Ϊһӵĳ衣

貵Ľ𣬽ӳ죬һЯŭŷݺݵһȭ˹ȥ
ŷûӲƴǷǳɵĶһߣһȭգȴԶһСɽͷĽӣŷЦ˵ôôҶˣŴһȭҪڹһٶȣҾֱĨˣʵ̫ˡ
ŷ粻ĴӣýıŭոյõҲٴʧˡ
һĻȪ̾һ֪һսǽҪˣŷԣʵڽ֮£ϽڱŭУһսû˿
ȪлǱһϣģϾӲһˣϣܹʶԼĴ󣬵̬ĻӻʤĻġھͶ䣬ȪȴǴû
ֻ˵Щϻ𣿡ĶŹŷ磬˵
֪ŷڼŭԼȴ侲ӾãŷֱĿǣֻҪһŷоͻһôҲѹƲ


579 ˫
ŷȻֹǻ˵ϻǻɱˡԹŷ綯ˣһͷɨýɫ
ŷǿ󣬳ӵϣԷΪȻԼǾս棬ȴûʲôࡣ
ɫأ˫ȭӡһȭ˳챩ǳһ˲䶼ʧȥ˹ʡ
ɫŷΧɱȥ
ŷЦ̫ͼ֣סнɫһƬϵ渡֣ޱȣǳг·Ĵ硣
죬ֻأͨ˾ϳһ˼һ棬칬ҲһȻɾǿߣҲǹ˿
ϳŷʹõľȻı£ܶ˿ŷг˼ʡþͲ˵ˣһܹõ˵Ĵڣ˽һ£Ƿֱ˿ݺɷʱѾȫƽһʵڷһ۷״̬Ҫ״̬£ŷܡ
ŷûô뷨˴֮󣬹ŷٴγ˹ȥ
һȭ˷Ԫֻ𶯣һ㽫ѹӻɽų˳ȥûбŷѹƣֻǽӿŷȴӵľˡ
˫ӡ𶯣ʮǧ콣գǺһ㴹䣬˾㤣Ȼɾǿ߶оֲ
ŷɫ䣬˸⣬ھ֮ϣƬϵתס⡣
ֻںϣһɱ⣬ɱȥ
ʮǧ飬ɱ㲻𣬹ᴩ񷣬ҪӶ
ɫ䣬ŭͻȻһŽ⣬һѳֱָͣҪʮء
ŹײһմͬʱɳȥŷǿƣͷŲĹԣһսٴγɱȥ
Ϊ棬ɨһӴɣ޳ɽ壬˫ŷɱ
˷Ԫ񷶼Ҫˡǽʮƣսء
޵еǿߣвɱעһҪһ˵ļ򣬵۷壬ɾ
һ˽ΪģȻҲΪ˵עһʧߵݣǳʤߵϷɡ
һս˵˶̫ǿˣһϾ磬¾ˣҲδǵĶְɡһ߾̾
ܲɱˣ֪飬ֻŷҲô벻ˣոս칬ʱҲֻ𾳽磬Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ɳΪǿˣܹȻ츳ڽ֮ϡߵͬ鿪ڣ쳣𺳡
˵ͷŷ粻ոսϾ磬ѾϾͣ˺ܶ꣬Ƕ۷ĴڣɾͲһţʱп̤롣
ȴսһƽ֣ܵ˵ǹŷǿơ
ȪɫҲû뵽һŷսȻڽӣս֮£ŷԵøǿơ
Ը⿴ģҪ֣ǵԯ֮󣬽ȪԼͼ
ֵĻԯ϶ܲʱ»̱ȪԯйӴȻ֪ӵŮˣжôİԵ
˵սȻڼŷսʣ񷡣
չ籩һĹȻ޳Ͻ壬ԹŷĹʱ򣬻һֳԲĸо
ͻȻſһ£һӿ˳ȥŷš
ŷͬſ³һ⣬뽣ײһ֮䴫һɾ޴Ĳƶನ
ͣڰУȻһЩˣоһЩѹЩߣѾ˵ԶԶأҿ
ҲҪϴڵΪվۿ
ҳϣǿǣ㲻ҵĶ֡˵޵ȻŷµĶ֣޵еͷȴӼᶨˡ
ղ˭һȥģ㲻˰ɣŷƲƲ죬ղŵ顣
ɫһڣȴ޷ǴˣôһϾȷʵŷһȥǲԡ
С˵ôȱ¡ԯݺҡҡͷԽӱʾͬ顣
ŷƳһۣ˵ϲģҼסĻˡ
ԯݺɫһڣֱӹŷĻһԲӵġ
³Щ棬ԯݺᾹȻһţû뵽ôԯݺҲһϲģ³ãԼһϲ
ҪѯʣԯݺЩڵɫ³ʲô˵ˣһȻͷء
ˣǿʼʽսɡŷͻȻɫһ˵
˻һڣͫ׶һѵŷڸղŵսУȻб


580 
һ䣬ŷˣѪ죬˷·һ㲻ĺ¯ҪһС
һɿֲ־٣Ҫȥ
⾳˾˼ĶŹŷ磬Ȼ⾳
⾳ֶֻмܹ򣬴⾳ﵽ߾磬һͷն߱ǿħҪݷ
ӵĸܸΪңܵһɿֲԼļ䣬ȻԽǿߣҲûָо˻磬Ѿ֪Լڸʲôˡ
ǽӵȴھҵ֪ȥԼԲк³
ۼʧ񣬽ȪȻɫǱ޴󣬽пʶɣľ磬һȥӵʧ̫ˡ
ԽȪ˿ԥûУҪȪ
һߵŴһֱŽȪĶȪˣҲ̳˳ȥȪػ
ȪС֮ͲҪˡŴɵĽȪˣЦ˵
սɣȪȻҲеٮٮߣŴȣͲ˺ܶˣŴҪסͳ岻ȥ
棬ˡȪˣŷһȥ̲סһ
һ䣬һɿֲأӣҪŷ硣
ڴʱԯһҲʲôȴһǵصϢǹϻˣš
һƽս˭Ҫ֣Ҿšԯǿޱȣϣ˾㤡
˭Ҳỳԯʵɾͽɣ츳ǿˣͬĴħ񣬰칬ס
һֲŮˣȻŵ棬ʱҲòȨ⣬ԥҪҪ֡
ǾˣΪΪܳĴˣʧǹٴֹԯգУסԷ
ŷߵӵǰ棬ɫƽһָӵ
˶Źŷָ֪Ļˣ칬վҪһˡ
ڹŷָȴ⾳ɫΪŷҪԼɱȻ˿š
ͻȻ½ŷһָգͬʱĽҲ˳ȥֱнӵš
ӵŶȥѪڵ棬һӰ˹ӱסһ½ӵıϢֽӻϢʱһ
ˡŷ絭˵˽ӣȻû˿˷ܵĸоһƽһۡ
ڹŷĿ⣬ͲڷˣǶסɾǿߣЩˣҪսĶ
ǰˣⲻҵʵһжûóҺްŭ˲ʡ
һһѽɫڽӵǰɢƥֱӳ˾졣
ǽŵ𽣣û뵽ȻշˣֲҳƽţҪ֪ţǽʼĳƺ˷һ˭Ҳ벻ӵϾȻһ
ͬʱڸղŵսеϧǽʹѽ𽣣ս־Իдŷܶˡ
ֻǽʵ̫ˣ͹˹ŷ磬Ҳ߹ԼֲɱʽԾǹŷĶ֡
һѲѣҲҵǰ԰ڣǽĺܺЦŷ絭˵г˷̡
𽣵Χ˴һͬʱùŷеˡ𽣵պգ칬о֮һǽǿߣҪĶǹŷȴ˵Ǿùŷں
칬ޱһҲ˵ЦˡԯݺҲˣĲм񹭣ļУȻһѡ
硣
ԯԯݺẰһ֪ԭ˾Ȼԯݺᡣ
˵ͷԯݺ³¶ݣʱ˶¶Ծɫ˭Ҳû뵽˵죬Ȼ˽ӡ
ãһ򾡣ȻˣͲ뿪ˡȪЦ˵Ѫȴ̺һЦﵽһ¡
ƾǽţŴЦ
Ȫûǣڳ˺ŽҪһЩ飬ԸæģԸæģ뿪ʡˡ
ȪĻ˭֪Ҫսˣ˺ͽŽõɣȫˣһЩɾǿҲһᷢɴսǾȥ»ɱĿܡ
һᣬŶˣֻжŵ˫ԭأôŷ߶˾Ե·硣


581 
ŷ磬һߣŷг˷ߺޡ
϶˭ŷѯʡ
ɫ࣬˵콣ɱҵӣҪ㳥
ߵĻŷЦˣм˵ԭǸүүӷүүҲǿȥҪ㣬ʹʡĳۡ

콣ŭŷɱ˹һĨ𣬶֮ղҪɱŷɸǿ
ԯҪ֣ȴһӰסˣŴҲȪ
ʣ¹ŷһˣԵһλǿߡ
콣¶˷ܵɫ·𿴵ŷѪԼĽ£Լ롣ȴ֪Լ˵е̫ˡ
ˡ
һ죬Ѫޱߣɷ죬ħĲʬѪг޾ɱ𶯲񷡣ħֱ콣ն˹ȥ
ڶԷֵУħ콣ĽײһһֲĲŷ˳ȥȾѪȴһЦ
Ǹ콣ڵվԭأȻȻը飬ڷ
ħ䲻⣬նɱһǿߣڹŷ˵һ޴ջǸںԯɫ䣬˼ĶŹŷеħ۾вͣ˸̰Ĺâ
ͷ̰ԯĽԷɫУЦ͵ر߻𣬱²񷣬С
һ̣ٴγ˳ȾѪԯг˾Ҫ֪һ۷ǿߣǺԯһսȴôױˣԷжǿ
һϣɱǡԼҲˣȪЩżһʮɵǿΧסŷǡ
и߰ǿƵɺһɣͬʱԯͷס
Ǳ˶࣬ЦŷЦڽȪǾУѹѹһȺ˷˹һɱڡ
ٻħšҡҡħšʥŮţǾȻһˡȪŭӣǱΪŷ˵һЩϮҲ̫࣬ȴû뵽ֱ
һȻ׼˺ǿĺ֣Ҳδܹǿߡ
Ҫ֪֮䣬һսǲݣǿ߿϶ˣǱȻҪ˽ŵġ
ħͷᣬסϬӣҪҽŶ֡Žһһʣ磬ɨϵţȫȻɱ
ûлͷΣŽˡһòˣһɫװһ߽һ㣬ֻɫȴɱ
Σźôʱ䣬Ҳˣ칬Ѿǽ߰㣬ʱһˡħͷħŵ棬£Ȼմһħ֣Ե쳣䡣
һҲţڳȻԸǣһûԴеϰߡɱ
ڳУֻлΪΣŷɱŵӣȴûжҵˣнǱȵһܱĵز֪ѾǺ͹ŷˣǲţ˶ãҾһʿһ塣
ҵɱϣȻԸԴУԻǧֱ˹ŷ硣
νĿͶңҸֱӣԵ˵£ҪԲС
βһѪΪ䡣
ףθûĴ㣬ħ޵УϮħſ϶ǵһԸġ
ϬӣλʥŮŵ棬˿վһ㣬ڳУҲֻԯݺѹһͷ
ʥŮŲ칬УѵϬһ涨ˡ˵
ʥŮһ涨ټʥŮȫŮӣҲԣԺܶʥŮţǽҲһ벻ףΪʥŮϮ
ԯݺһۣϬӵ˵ҵĺԯӣ˵ԯ£ԲųģĵطĪ֡
ϬӵĻȻȴɵ˶̲סЦ˳˼ҵģ˲Ҫ⣬ҲֻϬܹһƽ˵˵Ļˡ
δŴⶢڹŷϣСˡ
Ҵûи߹ǣűŷ˵ֻȴһƬ䣬ɱⰻȻ
ҪˣΣǽʿһûнĽɣ³ʽǸ𡣡³۾ͨ죬Žŵˣ޲쳤Х


582 ս
ߣʿ˳ȥڻļաЦ
ô³ǽսҲҪɱһв
һ˵֪³Ļڽ˵պȻΪһ󻼡
ԼסˣɱˣֱЦŷЦڽεĻом
Ķ˹ŷһۣЦһȻɣЩ飬ȴΪԼһᱻ
ҪţͻȻһ˳Ƕɫ΢΢һ䡣߳׷ɱŷˡ
һۣϬӿڣλʥʹҵȹ⹥̫Увòսɣλʥʹ¡
óϬӶ˷ǳƺΪʥʹùŷЩɻ
ȻǳʵĴУҲͺͰٻǴһȫûбҪô
˵أȻɾ磬ǷǳǿƣϬһƽ̣û˿ɫһ־Ӹµ̬ȡ
üͷһ£Ϭӵ˵λʥʹҾĴˣŶôҪҲ׼Լλá
˻һɫ䡣ɭȻĿⶢϬӵϣǿڣϬӣܰĻ𣿡
ôΪǰһˣһӣʥʹӣǾһϣҹ˵
Ϊħ棬쳣ǿƣڼ˲̫ڵʥʹ£һվ˳Էѹס
ף˴ŭǸ߸ϣǽǣϹϾȴ˱ϣ޷֡
ǳˣɽգȥ
ݺЦֱһ˳ɽѣʥʹҲ˳ȥ
ǴѪֵĶף֪Լͽ֮ŲСĲ࣬ȴû뵽׵ʱǾȻֿûС
ǿ˵ķϣѾˣݣʲô㡣Ц˵һӶ
ʵΪһ֪棬ҲûбҪ˭ӣ㹻ǿƣȻǿڣҲ㹻ĵ
ʥʹһۣԹ˵֮һᱨħŲͣǾ͵Żɡ
˵֮ͷҲأڿվҪߡ
ôôɱءױЩ
Ը͡ŷԯݺһɫͬʱˡ
ħŷ϶ΪһһѪ⣬ֱӶһʥʹԯݺޱ飬ֳһɫĳֲϢþʮض𶯡
һ𣬽һʥʹ
˭Ҳû뵽˱ɱˣһɹˣĿɿڴСӣҡ
ӶҪ֪Իһħŵͷϣʱ벻Ÿɣˡ
ȿȣֻǰķԸûǰ˼ѵղǰ˵ɱ𣿡ŷ޹ʵ
ԯݺҲüͷɵĶףȻ˵һĻǰҪжΣŷͲҪǰˡ
Ŀɿڴ۴УûغСӣһƻһСľǵĵˣˡ
׻䣬ͻȻˣֱȪ˹ȥ
˶û뵽׻ѡ͵Ϯһ͵ϮһΪԼˡӦĻᶼûУȪ㱻ɱˣ׹ЦٴνȪߵɾǿ߻ɱŷء
ˬ
״ЦŲںʲôƨʹأղһݣΪԽȪǣó͵Ϯ
ɹˣɱԷɾǿߣһɣڽ˵һ޴ʧ
ɫˣ۾ͨ죬ŭ쵰ɱŵĵӡǣһȺħͷɱȥ
ŽεĴ𣬰˵Ӱ˳һɢǿޱȵϢǾȻǽǿߣùŷе˶ɫ˭Ҳû뵽žȻôĽǿߣֲƽţԭ㹻ĵ
֡
״һӭȥԯҲɱȥһ˵סǿߣ·硣
ŴĴ£ŵĵɱ˹ȥ
ƺƵײһ˲ʮ˱ЩɶǿߣͶϾ磬УȴڻңԱֻܲͣɱУҲܻһ


583 
ǿײսУŷǲʶսǶôĿֲȻǣʱΣա
ǽһʵӵ˼ޣȻˣҲͣܵˡ
ۡ
ħһ˵ͷ­նŷһɶϣԷսȴȻκβ˶Է
һ쳣ǿƵɣŹŷеħг̰ŷЦûżȴ򣬽еĹס
ĵ𣬶ԷĲ𡣹ŷ̵ħԷǿһӲƴ˳֮£ŷӮԽԽ
ԯݺҲһɴս񹭵ͣɨҵĶԷˡѺųƹµһ񹭣ʹúֹʽӵſֲܡ
³ı֣ۣͬžɨǹһˣȻɶҪ˱ܡ
һͣĻɱŽŵĵӣѪ
ǿɱҪ³ɱȴŴﵲһ߰ǿƵɣȴֵֻĵסŴһˡ
Ȼͬɾ磬Ŵ￰ȽɣȻ߰˴ŴһҲо
ɡǿ߱סǿǱǾԵսߣȴҲвǿߣרɾǿֻ֣Ǻ̵ܶʱڣŵɾǿ߾ʧ˲١
ȥĻž䶨ˡ
ʼ֡ͻȻһ𣬳޾ŭ⡣
ʱһϴѣɢϢ֮ϣɾǿߣоһѹ֣һ
ڷˣ˹ŷ콾֮⣬ȴڵϣɪɪ
ˣٴεΪΣյʱ𣿡һޱȵǴԶŷᴩ˹˵ԺС
ɣ̲סսŽŵķһϴѣҪ̤䡣
䡣
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ˡ
һĽŲȴ˵ķϣߵɾǿߣ˽֮⣬ȫһѪȻǿߣҲɫףѪڡ
һıһۣԸоЩڸղŽκʼ棬ѵǵһӳһ뵽ֽűһִͷĸо
װŪŷƲƲ죬Щм
ʱһӴϢֹŷŭħɨǹϢײһ
ŷ׷ɣһѪ˳ڷ⣬ȫ𾪵УݺݵһŲԴ˹ȥ
ͬʱԯݺҲӦֱ湭ȫȫ񹭵УԴĵط˹ȥ
˵Ķڳ˶ĿɿڴǾʵ̫ˡǲССķˣȻʼצӣⲻʲô
䡣
죬Ǳߵĵ飬һӰ˳ߣͷ죬Ų£ɢһ㲻Ϣ
ħ񹭵Ĺ£˿𣬴ӷ洦֣Ե쵽˼㡣
һһһѾˣʼ棬ϵĽʼ棬һȻǿ󣬵Ǿûнʼϡ
ʼӣһųףֻǺ֪٣ĻɾԲ
ڣһɱǡӿڣϣһԶ˷ƶֲȫǱɫ
ǸܵˣȻһȴǿ󣬿ˣԲһɿԶԸġ
ӿŷһۣ˵ףɱ㡣
һָŷȻҪȴԼһȻϢԼȻƶһָͷܡ
ʱԯ춯ˣɫ䣬ڹŷǰһ˳ȥ
ӵָͷײһ𣬿񱩵ϯأԯ΢΢һ£Ȼ
ڽӣȴ˸£ȻЩȡ
Ķԯ죬ȵ˵һսʥ壬Ȼոɾ磬ȴкһսʵ
սʥ壬ĸڳ˶ɴ۾ֲԯǿƣֻҪΪսʥˣٶȶޱȾˣսǿԶͬʿ
Ϲʱڣһֻħ磬ɱǿߣ˶սʥ壬üƣǷӡס
Ҫɱ㡣ԯ쵭˵Ȼȴһǿš
ȻԽӵһҲ˿η塣
㲻ҵĶ֡ӵ˵£Ȼսʥ壬УϾΪ죬۶ԷôľžޣֻҪδﵽ磬Ҳϡ
ټأһͬϵȴ޾ɱ⡣


584 
һߣȴ쳣ǿ׳лһϣһһһҪĤݵĳ嶯
һͷС棬ҲҪҶֻ֣΢΢ɨһۣӵ˵
ߺǾһ̹ɣǵУʿһҲᱻ𡣵֪ʿһ廹о̹֮ɣȻŭԥӦμһս
µĽӣײֻʣһˣ㻹аµʱ𣿡̹ɣЦ£ȻǽɣǱڳλǿߣȴǿ̫ˡ
˵̹ɣһֻ磬ڳΪϺͽᲢ۵ģֻһ˶ѡ
ȥģվѾȥˣϣȻƣŭɡ˵Уһָһ̹ɣĵطһƬ硣
̹ɣ˳ɫأĶŽӣѵʶӵʵȻ޾ǰµһȻС
վɱҡ̹ɣЦ˵ԯһۣȻ˵֣ɱ
û⡣ԯ쿪ڣͬʱ˹ȥ
Լ˵ֻأ䡣ӵ˵ֲĺڶ֣ͨ硣
Ȼֻأٻ״ͨȻԯ츳߾̹ɣһֻŶˣҲҵ֮
ȫ汬һ㣬ȥֻر飬ӳȥ
ҽرҽغһնɫƽͨأشƣһεĽնˡ
һ죬ԯ̹ɣ˱ˣѪ˵ǡ
˵ˣǲҵĶ֡ӵ𲻶˵ûκζܹһ
Ҳ˵̹ɣЦˣһɣնŻصϡ
ӵһαɫֿ񱩵֮£һθܵв
Žһ̹ɣ̹ɣצգ뽣ײһһ޴ϳһɼǵ˿ڡ
Ҳܣ޴ɳȥһˡ
ץסᣬԯٴηɣһ£һ㲻ӵɡ
ԯ컯رΣɫƽٴγ˹ȥ
ͬʱ̹ɣҲΣƳɱ˹
֮Уһ˵ǽľУοһжȻӵ׵ľ磬ȴûʵȫѹ·硣
ŵĵǾǴû޵еʼ澹ȻܣȻֻһҲӦϵ޵вŶԡ
ǳ˹Ҫӵֿˡ
̹ɣתһһȺǵĵӵʬ½һӸ߿е䡣
𲻶˶ܹ̫ˣ֮ղŵ״̬˺ܶࡣ
վҪɢˣڴˣݵҰ˵ȻµƣֻȴһӢĩ·ĸо
нŵĵӣ˷Ӷݣһһɡнŵĵд֪ˣڽԺǾһȺɥ֮ȮҲûյҫͽˡ
ǲߣŹнŵĵӴɵ˵г˳ޡ
һܷߣɱŷͻȻˣͬʱɵ˶ʼ֣չɱ¾
ͣߣԱ۴ֻЩ뿪պŲжɽһ죬ƴҪˡ
ӵĻЩŵĵһ㶣׽ӵ˼Ǵһ棬ʼͻΧ
ŷɣʼɱ¾ýŵĵѣرЩɾ֮ϵǿߣһܷߡ
ҲƴˣסнɣףֻҪԯսʤ֮Щһӡ
սǳңȻϬӣԡѪԷƴˣжĴ򷨣ǷǳĲӦ
ӵһʱ䣬ڶסԯ̹ɣ˴ɢ֮䣬ȻֱЩɳˡ
ǿߵļ룬սһӾͱˣɵǿ߱ٻɱЩͨĽŵӣǱ¾һɾ
Ϊֹֻϰٸ˾ĵ˳ȥѾΪˡ
ԣӲˡѰûҵӵʬ壬Ҷָ֪Ĳǽŵʼ棬֮һĽӡ˵ɫÿһ콾ӳȥպ˵һ޴в
ңϧһдۣҪӡ涼´


585 
ӴĽţôѸٵ칬ˣˣסˣ⻹ôһĴб˶ˡ
ֵʱ˶ԤУҲһ١ʱϲ繷ɾݽ棬б
ڹŷԯ죬ƺɾ¡
ӵϣԯǽеٮٮߣһսȻ·磬ȴ̹ɣһ֣Է
СһҪ뿪ˡִƶˣȴԯĿУ˵һùŷ粻ܽܵϢ
Ÿոռ棬ԯ쾹ȻҪٴ뿪
ȥŷʵ
ԯҡͷ˵ҸоҪһˣɾһصֹҽǸ磬ҵֱң⼸ͻƣȻж˼
ԯĻùŷ𾪣Ҫ֪ԯǿƣǳɳ۷壬δظ˵ܹɱ
ڣԯȴ˵ԼһΣУ⼸ͻƣдѣùŷ޷
ʲôطʺͻƣŷѯʡ
֪ҵĸңҵֱߣܴﵽǸطǸطڼ֮ڣҲǸһ磬ҪͻƣǰԯüͷùŷЩۡ
ΪԼܱŮˣȴ֣Լô
ԯѾԶԶȻŷ׷ϣҲ޷ӽ
ԯ쿴ŷüʧ䣬Ц˵Сһôˣѵ㵣׷ң
û˿ŷͷЩƵ˵ҾѾﵽˣڳΪǿߣп̤ܺܿɵǺȣȴ̫ԶˣʱƣԽԽԶ
һĪɫԯ쵯һ¹ŷԴЦ˵ʵˣ֮ٶô죬ԭģԺһ㣬ǲڡ
ŷһ㶣Ȼ˵ͷ
ٶȣȻܺܿ׷㣬Ҫ֮Ҫˣݽ棬ûԱԯЩ
ѵΪЩֵˣŷʵ
ԯЩ⣬뵽ŷӵħʱˡ˵ͷɫЩأЩΪԼ֮ܲˣҪɹƿ档
ʲôŷˣȻҪƿ棬ΪΨһףҲ̫˰ɡ
Ϊ֣ħΪ壬ֵ˲ֹһҲ͸ˣںܶУӦҲ֮һֻҲΪһӣҲİɣҪͻƣֻлǿ̡ܹԯĵ˵ɾͽɣϤ̫֮ܣֱȥĻΪ˵ӣʹ
ŷ絹һʲôҲû˵ֻǵ˵ͷ
ӵһ𣬰ιϼԯ뿪
ŷص֮ԯݺῴϵʧ䣬ʵˣ
ŷ̾һ
עâɣȻԳ콾˽ܣǺȣ̫ԶˡԯݺĻҲЩꡣ
һһ꣬ͬף޵УԯǰȴһУ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
˵Ϊô죬ԸģǾʲôԭȴû˵ǲ١ŷ翪ڣûж೤ʱ䣬οԯݺᡣ
ŷĻԯݺ˼üͷ˵ѵǸԭ򣿡
ʲôԭ򣿡ŷһ
ԯݺҡҡͷڻûȷԲ˵Ӱ쵽Ӣΰ󣬵ȷ֮ٸɡ
ŷˣԯݺһָ
ԯݺЦбıо˲ʧ
ЦʲôأԺ³˽³Цʵ
ԯݺ᲻Цʲôʱֹѵʲô޴ľϲ
ûʲôҪ𣿡ŷ֣Цʵ
³ͷ̹ɣҪ³У֮Ҫֿˡ
һһʱôˣ治뿪Ϊ̫ˣȵɾپۡ³Щʧ䣬ܿʧˣ޵е˽ܣȻΪ𣬶ʲôˡ
̹ɣǰҪ磬һУһ£ȡͻƵɾʱֵ֣ɨ¡ŷ˵
á³Ц˺
ԯݺҲǺЦµİ
³뿪ˣŷҲڿǣǲҪ뿪칬ʱȴһϢùŷ뿪뷨


586 ֮
һͷɫǴ޽ӳ˵ģǱѰ
ϢŷסˣɫȻ϶ǲǹ࣬ǶԷȻǴ޽ӳģҪ϶֪Ϣ
ȥŷ翪ڣ쳣ᶨ
ŷĻԯݺͷûзԡеԥ˵ħɱ칬бأǹȥΣգһһϢҪɱǣֻҪǸҳǣЩ˾ͻ֡
Ķŷзݡ
ǳ֣ɱǼˣǻҲ˴ġԯݺ˵쳣ǿ֮ˣθԸһͷڹꡣ
һɣ˾ҲδܹԸǣ鲻ð졣üͷ˵
ɣŷǵһôֱʡ
ŷͻȻһЦ˵޷ǰԣ׼һЩ
ŷĻԵɫЩɻ󣬶ԯݺɫһЩȵ˵Ҫö
ɣˣڽ֮£ҲֻķݡŷЦһЩ˽ӣȻҪǹżֲĶҩԴ޽մ˶
ȻЧûôаŷǲ֪ɾԶס
żҽɣɱɣСˡԷû¶κξȵɫֻ΢΢Щ̾˵
ŷ翴һۣЦ˵֪ĶеҪĶࡣ
ЦЦ߹ŷԼ嵥ʼȥ׼ȥˡ
ܹһİɣ˵һ޴ĴҶϣһ𺦡
칬ɣѹ̫ʱ䣬ܶģǱƽƽƴ칬ϵ
һĻᣬԵȻŹ
Զǹż˽̫ˣ𣿡ŷԯݺᴫ
ԯݺͷͬСһ㡣
֪ħıĵĻһǺڵġŷһЦ
ãҩľͱˣɼħŵʵǶôǿ󣬹ŷҪЩҩУٿĵرƽʱѰġ
ӹҩģŷ羶ֱ߽˷䣬ʼҩ
ʱƣһ˳ԯݺֻһ£зƣһѪ˳ȥ
ǺȻĶһۣϽˣȻŽһ˿Ϣ
֪ⲻǽɣֻһϢȴϴڶܲסرԯݺᣬʣȫڹŷ֮£νǰٶ֣û뵽ɵһϢܲס
úűˣŷɫЩ԰ףɴ˿ɼƽɶ˵Ҳһ־޴󸺵
ɹˣȻѾµ˴𰸣Ի̲סһ䡣
ŷͷЦ˵һκܳأƵĽɣȫͷŵĻ񵶳ĳǳأʮ
ŷĻ¶ȻɫɵĶԾȻôǿ
ʱ򣬻᲻Ӱ쵽ǣʳ⡣
ŷҡͷЦ˵İɣпضֻ֮ǡ
һΪɱ˰˸ɣȴ˽ȥֵ̫ˡ
Ǿף쿪ʤˡЦ˵
ŷû˵ֻǵ˵ͷ
ڶգŷҡڵ߳ǳصʱ򣬰ֲӰ֣ڹŷǰ棬ǵ磬˵ڹŷϣܷǳѹ
ڿϳˡеǸ˵ŷгɱ
ŷЩԳЦЦɣɱһϴڣǺôֱʣɻǣʱΪʲôûж֡
ЩһԯʱθҶ֣Χұԯ췢֣ĻǸŮ˵·˵Ὣȫɱˡ
Ϊɱ𣿡ŷͻȻ˵һ䣬ð˸һֲõԤУвоΣԼϮ
Сģթһ˴󺰵䣬һƺմϣ˾ֵУɻϢһ˲ɢںڣڷ
жʮʱ䣬ûзӦĻᡣ

߸ɾŭӣǻ緢޾ûһƬռ䣬Ҫеﶼų⡣
ûõģ֮ƾЩɣǵסġŷ˵һ㣬һٴβԼͬĺ󳾡
ʣµŭǶһۣͻȻŷ߳˹Ҫŷɱ
ʩǹŷ磬ֻҪɱ˹ŷ磬ǾͰȫˡ


587 ŭ
һɫϢǵǰ˸ϽֹסΣֻһһ֮䣬ȴܵ˲Ĵˡ
ʱһΣյĸоӿͷд󺧣ҪѾˣ󣬽ֱûǵıϡ
˲ŷһɫЩ԰ס
ԯݺ˴ӳ߳ڵͦʬ˸ɵʱɫ𺳡ȻѾµ˽ǵʱǻ̲ס𾪡
ǰɾǿ߰ɴ˿Իץģʱ칬Ҫ췭ظˡ
ħŲŹŷˣûһԸ͹ŷԯݺһɱɣʥʹѾĺˡ
䡣
һ죬𶯣ɱɱ֮ðɣһ̤죬ֱԳ֣Ҫɱŷǡ
Ҳ٣Һ㵽ˡŷһ
ԯݺ˲ûԶħŸֱùϢȫϢһ©ӹ˶Է׷顣
Ѱ˺üΣȴûҵˣŭʮɽ𶯣Ҫһ
ǿƵ˼㣬ֻԯĸ콾̹ɣĳǿˣҪǿ߲ܹ
ɱŷԯݺߣֱӳΪһȳϡ淢𶯣칬
Ӧߣȴǳ١
ֻһЩ׽칬ðͷҪɱŷˣɸǵﲻڹŷ磬ӿ£ɱǿߣ˭ȥǣǴħĶӣɱгһմħٴɱ칬˭ܵ
ЩҪǵ⣬칬Ҳ
ȴ·ˣ
ûݣزԿɺ£ǿ֣߳ǵʵԿѡ
һΣ׳ּǿУһߣɺܿܵ˵Ĵһ㲻
ǹŷ磿һųУŷ类˽
ԯݺῴҲԷֱǰȥǼ˸뿪ڣȴ˲ڣڷ
Ҫ֪Ǽɾǿߣɱˣ˶о𾪣ŷǵ񣬾ڿħһ
Сϲˡ
߽һҾ¥¥˲ûֻйŷһ˵˶ǾηˣȻǿߣҲһ˵г˾η
СٶȺܿ죬Ʋ˺ܿˣŷһȻԥһǸС˹ȥ
СѪɳȥŷŽѵľƵ˳ʱϱʴһ󶴡ԯݺ˵ֱһǸСɱ
׳գڹżǰ涾㻹񡣡ŷ糰˵
ϰ˹սսϴͬʱ̹ԣСǰսǾ¥ģȫҵвͷɱˡ
ŷ֣ϰȥͬʱϺһľơ
ԺӲįˡŷЦ˵
ԯݺͷЦ˵ԸҲ
ϳ˺飬·һ·ǰٲѪǣҪپߣȻҪ̤ŶԷʬ壬ϵ۷塣
һٷûг꣬ٴһɣŷûöĽ֮ʣ²ˣԺ׼һһɸûʸùŷ綯ý֮ˡ
ԯݺԷˣӶ񹭣Էսһմƾ¥ǿ߶βȥŷΪƽӸϰ㹻֮ͬͥŲȥ
ԯݺ¹£ϲһݺɲɱ˿·磬ԽսԽ¡
ԯݺ͹ŷһĶսʥߣǿԽǿ˭Ҳ֪ǵļ
ǸŭΪԸǿߣȻԷ棬һҲʤǣ֪Լˡ
Է̫ǿˣһԯݺͺ൱ҶԷֲֿͣս⣬зоԼ͵ס
䡣
һ죬ǸɺɳȥѪһķˡ
ԯݺվԭûжǸһ漴ðΪԯݺ乭һɫĹâᴩ񷣬ֱӽɶˡ
޻֮ԯݺǿˣܹɱǿߡ
ߡŷͻȻһԶȥ
Ϣ𣬶ǿߣһԽˣȻһɡݣȻŷǿҲֻĶӿܡ
׷ҹڵʱ򣬹ŷǳ˳ȥ˶Է׷
Ҳ˺ۣڼǱסһΣòײͻΧȥ
쵰һûгԹôĿأҾˣһ֮ȫͶСŷҧгݡ
ž׷ǵǸɣһ͵ɣҪĸ֦ȴ֪ΪԼɷǡ


588 ׷ɱͣ
Ÿһûʣ¡Ϣȥ֮칬ˡ
ǱɱģǿŵĲصʱ̲סз
ֽ֮ǿ߶޷⣬ȻһȴûãҲˡ
ǹŷǿƵķĿ¡ɲӵн֮Ĺŷ磬µĴڣܹһɡ
֮·Ҳûκ谭ҲϢһûɸ׷ɱ
е㲻ѰһľĸоûзǺžɱֶΡŷüͷ˵
ҲһĸоУǲȥˡԯݺüͷҲͬĸо
߶ΣգԤԵģͬʱָоѾ˵ԡ
һ󣬾ֿߣװ磬ٴνԼˡ
ʧȥǵϢߣ˭ܲˡЦеĺâ˲ֱӡ
䡣
ŷ绯һ꣬ϷУǰȴһ˵ĲеĿռȫ
ŷľԥתӡ
һɳ˳Ц˵ŷ磬߲ˡ
һʥʹǿŷһָֻǶ£Ҫŷѹ
ݣơŷŭһޱħ𣬺ݺݵ˹ȥ
ֱֻ飬ŷҲͬɳȥͷҲأתӡ
ǸʥʹҪ׷ȴһӭһԶʮЩɫĶʲôʱǸʥʹɫ࣬쳤Х׷˹ȥ
ʱѾʧȥŷӰ˼㣬һְֻ£һɽ廯촷ۡʥʹɫ࣬òĹŷ٣ȴԷӵˣȥ֮󣬶Ȼܵͷ
ͬʱԯݺǱҲܵͬĹҲ˹ŷõַһͨĺɫҩԷˣȻ֮زز
СǱȥ
ͬʱҲ³ûн֮ˣ˴ɳ׷ŷǵ䡣칬֮иɣҲʼǵ׷飬Ҫŷҳͽ
ģȺ蹷ŷãѾ֪Լӵʲôط
Է˴ȳܿҵԷսѣ飬ѾĴΣһһɻˣһ㱻ɱ
зɹһˣŷӦҲûбˣħᴩ񷣬޾ɷֱ֮ӽɾǿɱŷԥתӡ
һᣬһȺ˳˹ɫ
֮£һӣֹŷԯݺᣬֻҪǾСһʥʹ´ǰ߲񷡣
Ⱥ˾ǿߣҲûʲôɫǵ˵ͷʼӶС
走ġŷ̲סһ䣬ʵûܳԶùϢװһûĶǽɾǿߣֲ
һӣѵΪɱ𣿡ŷЦ
̫СԼˣôʱͱ׷ɱŷʵѾǵ󣬴ﵽһߵľ硣
ڹŷаգʹħһҲסСɣֻҪʹħҲڼʱ佫Էնɱ
һСӱɱɱ֮󣬹ŷԶݡ
Ǹʥʹɫ࣬ǿߣѾ˲ʮˣڹŷ羹ȻֱӻɱһСӣǿˣǿߣһ㡣
칬дϢԯݺ񹭻ɱһɣ֮زز
칬ˣԳǿߣȻ칬ķƣϣȴܹͷöʵ̫ˡ
ϵĳǳУһ߽֮һƬ˶ηĶǸһѪµ꣬ڿһ顣
겻Ǳˣǹŷ磬ħУȻ޼ɵͷϢһȺ˺Хͷɣɫ䣬˸⣬Źŷ磬ȴû̶֡
ʱ׷ɱǳ˽ŷ磬һƻĵˣû㹻İգԲô׵߳ųϵϢǹ
ŷ磬֪һɴ˾ͽˣĵ
׳ա
ŷشֻ֡
˾ͽ˶ͷֱĿ·Ҫ˶ɣĶڹŷϡ
ŷ磬Կǲк³ģľ͸Ͻ־ܣҲܹһ˾ͽŻ𳵣˵ĻԼš
ɱôˣŷ־ܣҲɣһ˵Ĵڡ
ŷĻشֱӣһն𣬹ᴩգ˾ͽǶһϽ
һ˷Ӧ΢һ㣬Уֱӱ롣
һ亹Ӷͷϻ䣬˾ͽ֪ŷǿˣһϣҲδǶ֣뵽˾ͽеڣԼΪʲôôçײͳˡ


589 
󣬵һȴûгֵĴ㣬ŵʧЩ˺͹ŷӲδսʤϣ
ǲսĻ͸ҹԶһ㣬ǵǸƨʥʹժԴŷ˵ƶԷĿ꾹Ȼʥʹ˶¶𾪵ɫ
ʥʹΪĴˣǿƥ飬Ǽ˽֮⣬칬ǿߣŷȻϾ磬ΪԼܹսʥʹ
ܶ˲ùŷ磬ˡ
ֻйŷԼףǿΪﵽһƿҪȥͻƣɶ˵Ѿûʲôˣŷ㽫Ŀʥʹ
֮ŷ㲻ħҹƽһսһֻѹ㡣˾ͽŭ
˵úǳǳеĲȴ¶ɫһǿ߶սһϵķˣȻöԷνġƽһս˾ͽ̫޳ˡ
˾ͽҲ֪ԼҪʵǹһ㣬Ҳûа취ǹŷʹħ϶ǹŷĶ֡
ŷ˼һ󣬲ЦſڵԸҲ֪ڵ״ﵽʲô硣
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һȺ˾ҪΧȴ˾ͽסˣ˵Ƕ֣ŷ֮ս
ŷĿ˾ͽһۣ˵ͷһˡ
˾ͽɫ䣬ʵкγЩһֻ֣˾ͽ֪ԼҪǸôĻŷԻᶯħʱһȺ˼һ𣬿¶ŷɱġ
һʱ䣬ŷǵ׷ɱ£ͣĳɳΪѾﵽһֲĵز
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˶ӣ⻪ɣ˸ŷӳͬһһ㡣ɫȻ˾ͽˣɢ޾ս⡣
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Լһ˿ĵģͨһս˾ͽ˹ŷʵ֪һС
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ŷ磬츳ǰ;޹˾ͽ˸˵
಻һɶѣѵܻҪЩջңҪ֪ǹżҲŷһȭ˾ͽ˺ˣɫ˵
˾ͽû˵ˣ֪ŷ˵ʵҽżң쳹磬ǵĴУκδ
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Ҫ֪칬ռṹ쳣ȶʹֶΣһѽռƿġ
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590 ùϹ
ڹŷսһɲãٴδһϢԯݺֳ񹭣شһʥʹȻӶݡ
ټϹŷв˶ע̬ȡ
ǲܹŷǵв׷ɱȥҪ⵽һ١ֲĽ̸֮֮ɫ䣬ǿ߶סһ˲Ҳֻнǿߣ򷨲֣а˱ܡ
Уɫ֮󣬲ŷһ̾Ϣɡ
һ仰̬ȣЭˣ׷ɱŷ硣
칬ˣδ̤ɵķǿߣȻ칬ͷЭˣ̫˼ˡ
ٴľвдһܣǷζҲһ֦㣬ǿԽͷƽƽֹһ뷨ҰĵĴһ顣
ûвŷȻҵģǿ徻һˡ˾ͽһսŷʵͻƣﵽ۷壬ֻһܹɾ
ڵʵкɨǿߵİգȻ콾ŷ϶򲻹
ƶ񤣬ԱȴûмԸפһȻųԳһ磬Ƿӡ
ŷһɳӳǵʱ򣬺Եܹܵƣ̬ϣһ
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ǸӵܣһȨ֮£칬ķţ֪Ǹ߳١
ն棬ıȳķŵǿ
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Ҳŷ˰֣˶㲻Լ񣬸οϺУбµĻͲڵ̯ˡ
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ԹŷЦĸˣϺв˼ȾƶȥӰ
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ַ糾ˣûбҪ̫ڿĶܹǵĺøС
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ôȢϱС㲻Ҫ˵û˵һȻɫ
ŷγڣŮ˶ңүǺعأŷԼ̲סġ
֪νնǳʵҲˣֻǿȽǿһˣҪеġ
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ȿȡ
ŷһ㱻ԼһڿˮǺɴ۾ŵãͲסįˣҪˡǰһҴܣȻҪȢףǴȥ¶ҪȻ
ͬʱŷõÿϵŮˣ˼Ȥ
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591 ȥ
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еƣŷĻʱ̲סһھ˳ĿɿڴĶŹŷ磬ͣЩͰ͵˵̫˰ɡ
죬ֱ⣬ˣǱܾˣҲڹУһĥôǵһҺ͹ģԺ׷ҲõĻŷķ
Ǻãͬ⡣úݺݵĵͷŷ絹Щˣû뵽þȻоԡ
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592 ɽ
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ҪͣͯĹͣķڲ˺˵£ŷ绹ûа취
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ãѾˣùŷЦá
һڵõԴ棬öݺݵĶԼŷû˵ʿǽȥء
ûһ飬ʱʱǷʱһ¹ڣһģȥŷôʱĵãһڵĸоǵʵǲʺһӰɡ
ͯҲˣǼ򵥵˼УֻҪǴʿټˣͲǻҲͲˡǿŷ͵õУһĨǸ⣬Լԩǣͯùŷ͵õЩ죬е㲻˼ˡ
߽УԪʵʣһ
ɳǰ·ǹع˹ڵĵطͯȻ򹬵һȻˡ
ŷöһۣŵӣ̲סЦǱЩù֪ٸʱ򣬱һͨ˻Ļ᲻ɵԼӡ
߽һһȹŮˣվǾϷ·񻷣֮羴֮⡣


593 
䴫˵еĹʿŷ֪ʿŮˡӵǾգپ£ǻһͣһּĸһĸо
ȴ󱯹ķŴܣŷʩһ񣬵ŷݼʿ
ŷڴŹҲڴŹŷ磬𲻶ҪŷһУŷȴܹоʿԼûκζ⡣
⣬Ȼ֪ûʿЦ˵
ŷ۾ҲĻû뵽ô飬Ȼһ˲ʵˣõü˼㡣
ã̫ˡôЦһȻκá
ʿЩɻ󣬿һӣöԷʲôܹܵõǿȴ֪õݡǵûǰװĻҲܹϳ䣬ѹ֪˭
ʿʲô̫ˣ֮䣬Ҳ˵Ĳһ顣
ʱ򣬵ȴһùŷӶ飬Ȼֱӳ˹һѽʿڻУȻ˷ܵ˵̫ˣϲ⼸꣬ڴ޸ˣ̫ˡ
󾪣һڻУһΣȻΪһǿߣҲ̲סĻңܵһ˳ȥȻŷͷֵûһɫСʧ֪ĵȥˡ
ŷ翴Ŀɿڴһ£Ӹж۰¾ǽ֮壬ܲ˰ɡ
ͽӣͽӡŭ˼㣬ƽ񣬵һβ
һ˳𣬹ŷһϽ˵š
˹ŷһۣЩ𱸵˵ΪżҴˣᱡ֮ͽһԺ׼
һѵ̬ŷҲЩɵò͹ʶɡ
д򶷵ĶŷѹЦ˵ʿǸ˲ǵͽӣǵʥɮ
һ㶣ɴ۾ûͷģҲһ֮ԵЩһֱɽΧƣҲ֪ȴ֪ʲôҲûȥʡȴû뵽Է䣬ռԼˡ
ԭǵûղΪʲôôõʵ֮󣬹ȴõһ֮ˡ
Ϊʥ֮һĵͽӣȻ类ŴܣȻﲻ
ʿĲ֪ŷٴʵ
üͷһɫĲ֪Ȼͨ󣬵ǰ棬ȴûûϲԼǷʥˣ߸ϣһ˸ϲ
ʵøղŵΪǴĵģһĿģܺʹʿ²ĲһΪ˸ġŷ˵
ʿ˲ɴ۾ףһɽף뵽ղŵõľٶǹ֪Էʲô˼Ҳ̫ɵˡ
ôܹ뷨Ӻ֪Լ˵ЩʲôˡͬʱڵһֱɽתƣˣԷȻϲԼ
ŷֵĿ˹һۣʵΪʲôУ칬ɷ𣬲Ƿд˵һҪʲôɣ칬ɮ£ޣûȻϲʿǰǺ顣
ŷ٩٩̸ֻȴΪԼһѺǧǰĹʿ˵ˣȻԷҪղһӣŷɳܲסһĽɣ¶ҪѪ
ʿʲô뷨ŷʡ
ԵЩңô꣬ǵһ飬֪λشˡ
ֻǹȴоԼУһ˿ĸоԭҲ˻ϲԼġ
ŷ֪ܱȵ̫ݣֻҪԷûоܾһͷЦ˵ʿס֣һ̲סˣǾͲˡ
ŷĻʿһۣû˵ҡ
һɣСϱ˵ɷùŷһЦ֮䲢ûϷģҲܹһ
ղһᣬ˶סְɡ˳ȥȺֵĵס֣ǱׯϣһţȻصԼĵط
ֻǵȴԵЩǱôɾǿΧܻ֣ǳ˴ˣ·̫ˡ
ʱ򣬹̲סһĨЦݣ˻ͦɰ
ȴԵЩ˼΢Цӣʱˡ
ŷԼԴʵ̫ˣں˵һ£ѹ
Ȼûи״תûĵ˹ŷһۣʲô
ŷ緭һۣһûˡ
ղһᣬʥɮƶɮʧˡɫЩ죬Ǻƽ
ɫЩʧ䣬ҲղȷʵˣɵʱѾˡ


594 
ӦõǸңƶɮʧءÿЦ
һĵãЦЦ˵λȻѾɽϢɣ𣬵ǿΪλһ
𣡡̲סһˮҪˡ
һӣŷʵǾöˣϽ˵һ¡
һεûùŷóѣ˵ɵСӣϽллʿ칬ʥƷɽܹϣɾкܴİ
ŷһϲû뵽ȻôĹЧɾаҩƣԿƼֵˡ
ԹŷɫӰʿһлʿ
ʿЦͯӣȥϢȥˡֻߵʱ򣬵ÿг˲ᣬٺ͹һᡣ
еԵ񣬹ʿˣ֪ˣһ죬Ϊһ˵İĽ

˱һƫоסһ£þ̾һԵ쳣Ƶӡ
̾ʲôŷʵ
Ҫңû̫ˣҲˣʧĸо𣿹Ȼܲÿ߰˵һЩһ㽫ŷ綺Ц˳һﵽЩʲô߰Ķ
ŷͷƵ˵ҲãʿҲŶһоˣʿ̫ġ
ĵŷĻʱһ飬ðž⣬һץסŷĸ첲ϲʵղ˵ʲôʿϲң
ˡŷƲƲ졣
ܣҾԲģ˵˴ʿеоü˵ղŹŷĻһǿļעУõ˲˾
ǾûˡŷЦ˵Ҳٶˡ
õŷĿ϶ͻȻΣһճյı飬찡̫ҸˣҸоҿҸˡ
ŷʾԼɴҲԿöԹ鵽жЦЦˣŷڵö˵ȴȥҹʿ۵϶Ը۵ġ
ģ۾һ
ǧҪסʹʿ۵ʱ˼һ㣬Ͼ˼һŮˣһҪ˵ĻŮƤҪġŷ綣
µֻ֪ԼѹʿѹƵģһõĽǹʿİǺˡ
ҲǴ֮ˣһ͸˵ͷȻĵ뿪ˡ
ȵ뿪֮󣬹ŷɫųԼԴڿԺôߡ
ɫǱҪҵģʲôطŷ粻֪֪ȴ˵ҪϹʿŸҳ֣ɴ˿ɼԷͨĴٲڵú͹֮²Ŷԡ
һֲڣ˵ŷ粻ģǾڳӣȴ͵˵ϡңڵǱȽĵģԷȻûҪֵĴ㣬ȻǸɫûʲôΣա
һᣬͯ𣬹ŷһҿǣڱӱһţӴŷڣһֺˬĸо
־ƵЧľˣŷΪ壬һӺֻ꣬ǺһСڣ⣬￪ʼ
Ѫը죬ŷϢÿʱÿ붼ڷ仯ŷû嵱Уùŷ𡣲ŷϣȴû¶κβʵĸоԼܹ֮óŷָо
ȴû̳һ磬Ǽѹյһ£ŷתѹ
վһһž죬ŷܹоԼʵһֲĵز
һᣬñˣŷĵһۣþ̲ס˵ˣ㾹Ȼûнɾ
ϴʺͲ⣬ڵÿŷ綼ѾҪɾڣŷȴȻͣϾ磬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
öãЩǲǼٵġ
ͷŷЦ˵㲻õģҸоϾ磬һнĿռ䣬ҲûͻƣҪõġ
¶ȻɫˣŷϾ磬ѾԴˣǿزѾԽ棬ﵽһȫµĸ߶ȡΪǹŷļˣȴû뵽нĿռ䡣
ʣС
̬󣬼ʹԵõݣҲ̲ס³֡
ŷȴûֱʵʹʿ֮չô
õɫһ壬ЩƵ˵ûκνչ̸ֻһЩеķź͸ʲôû˵
㲻㰡ѵ㻹ȵʿףΰɡŷû˵ϲһ˾ʹ˵ŷõʹΪʵЩˡ
һ㶣ûĿܡһ˲䣬һඥĸо˵˼·ˡ
ǰһֱڵȴΪʲôأ


595 ֤
˵ˣʿҡŤ˰ΣЩ˼˵ղˡ
ŷ磺
õɫŷ˵飬ѾǴʿˣͬ㣬ͷɫҳǰҪͻƵɾ
ŷһ㶣˳֣ҪԼͻɾʲô
ŷϵɻ󣬵ɫΪ̫ˣǲ֣ΪͻƵɾҺʹʿս壬ȥսǸ˵ĺ󱲣ͬʱɫΪͷ
ŷü
ͻȻɾô׵ģұ֤ں̵ܶʱڳɹ
ҪŬˣɾûǸô£ֻҪǱʵϾļޣǿʵֱӳϣˡЦ˵
֤ŷʶ˵
ЦЦ֤Ҳǹżһֱߵ·ǳطʽԶôֱӶ񱩣ҲǹżɾУȻͬΪԭ򡣡
֤ʵǿҶˡŷͷ
ץסȻֱȥ÷һҽУҵľơ
ˣҵľơ
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ͣٺһЦת뿪
Ӱվ죬ĿƮȻ
ϣܹɳʿЩżӡ
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Цһ¶һĨΣ˶Ǹ߸ϣֻԼ֪ʱʱ̶̿ż尾һһСģǸ쵰ˣܳΪĿܡ
ܶ壬ȻҪˣվھУЩȣǲ˺ܶࡣɫȻ˵һ
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ͻȻЦһѽ§ڻУȻû֮ǰηηЩ۷ǿ˵һͨˣ𲻻ںʲô׵뷨
¶һĨߺ죬ڵûС
ŷǷеתӴڣԼΪڷС
۷ļޣŷ缸δƣȴȻƽΪŷо⻹ļޡ
ǿڣֱһŷڸоԼ޷ˡʼɷϣҪɾ
֤˸ߣΪ̫ΣˣҺܹΪ۷ļޣ棬ûӴǱ
ŷں죬һȡûŷڡ
޾ӿ۹֮ӿһɴϣϣԽһУǴϣһУҪ
ú͹վɫȻһƬƣɽˣֲݡ
ˣһɽ٣ɽҪˡЩ۵˵
ĸסǧļңڣȴҪ׽ٵˡ
޷ֻҪŷܹɳʲôӵĴۣǿԸģɽҪǻˣȥժȡϢΪɽùЦ˾顣
˵ͷǰƴޱߵĽƣʹľ綼һ˿ľеǹŷܲܳŹȥ
֤ؼʣ콾һɣϣŷ粻ʲô⡣Щĵ˵
˵ż˶ɽʧ𣿡÷һ䡣
ɫһϲ˵֤żҴû˵ʧܵӣ壬츳׿ȶڱ˵ԵĴ˵ֻһѡ
Ǹ쵰׶żҵˣʹĻǣǰùŷɾѾǵǸ쵰ˣҪдˡɫЩء
ʱһϵѣԿǸ쵰شδģԻ⼸УǵһᣬֻҪŷɳǸ쵰»Ὣشӣкܳʱˡо˸
ӲдϣŷܹɳǸزʱؼܹˡ̾Ϣһ
е飬ѹڹżҵϣǴΣҲǹżÿӢ۷ʱڳ޾δ֪ԭ
ڲ֪ٴ˵ŬվΪһ˹ŷӮһɳĻᣬϣһǧҪʧܣȻҪٲˡ
һȺͯӵзߣɫȻĶɽϣ֪ʲô顣


596 ԳĴ
ʿʲô飿һͯʵɫЩǡ
ʿ˰֣û˵ȺͯҲûиʣվڹʿߣֻɫȴЩĿŹʿߵĵã֪Ϊʲôôܡ
ֻһЩΪ곤ʿͷȻ¶һı顣
ʿ͵ûһϢǴȥ֮жġ
кѹ£Ҫһ˸һɫĴףһĽɶԸȴû뵽ŷ羹ȻĴѡ
ԣǸ쵰߶Ȼŷʾ죬Ҳף쵰£ͻȻŭ
ʿɫһ࣬û˵ֻȴ˺ܶࡣ
Ǹ˲ˣŷ绹ܹɹһνôʿ޷ֹ
żʱ򣬹ŷ˳ΪΪɣ֮ҺΣ
Ӱڿգ˸ϡ
еĽǱŭһ׵к£ǶԹŷĿ飬ǽһ
ŷɫƽͻȻûһֻ֣նϣ׵УȻֱȥ
ʿ͵ĿɿڴԸأҪ֪ǿףһɶԸĶ
ζãǼζŷƲƲ죬һϹ˸Ȼ˲âŷȴʤղˡ
ûпɣСһղףĿɿڴ
ûпĻǾˡЦ˵
˵żҵ˱̬Ǳ̬ز˺ġ׶ܳԵȥһǶǿ
Ʊŭˣ׹𣬽֮䶼һƬ׺ǵ˶ɫ̶ֳȵ٣һɻ𣬶Ѿ㹻ˡ
ǼҪˣһ٣ʹĴۣҲϧΪ֪ǹżѪϾʲôӵĿºǸһҲκμɵֱƶشƣʱ併⼸硣
Ҫֵʱеķ֣޾׺Уһо޴澭ŷ׵ĳУԽԽʢһͷݷпҪƾ졣
𾪵ĶһۣǸ쵰Ҫʧˣشٸ޷ŷ磬ȫ壬ŷĽĳɾͣȻﵽһֲĸ߶ȡ
ŷ糤ͻȻſһ׹ʧŷеϧ˵ɡ
ſ³һƵĳһȥ
ﱬһҵĲԼ֮һһŭ
ӣҪӦĴۣҲ˭һ죬Ҫһ̤顣ŷ𣬽ƣʲôսһ
¡¡ͣǸطһƬ磬ŷ糤Х˳ּµƣѪŷȴЦЦķǳ
Ϊʲôأˣ٣ҼһɱһŷЦﴫһŭƽ
ʲô⣬ҲңŷƲƲ죬תƾɾɾֻ֮ҪǽŷһصƣŷҲ̵ܹʱڻָ
νӵһϵĲ֮սǵһֲľ硣
߹ȥŷЩ˵λǰĿƣҲְæʵ̫˼ˡ
ŷĻ˿Ц˵ǲ㣬ǲңֻҪ⼸̶ֳȶǿߣԲҺ͸ղǸ˶ϡ
ŷ⵹ЩˣԷ˭Ȼôϣõú͹η塣
ǵģŷη壬ΪŷĿеĿ־塣
Ǹ˵˭ŷʵ
ú͹һۣԿԷеĿЦǵÿڵһǳֲĴڣԳΪ죬Ҫƿǿߡ
˻һŷɴ۾ԳΪĴڣ¾ǱȲ죬Ҳ˰ɡ뵽ղԼȻĴڶϣŷһľĸо
һֱڶֻҪɾǿߣڶץסᱻƳɿܣܵʹú˵
ŷɫ𾪣ӱܣͻȻһ˿飬Լļһٲ
㲻õģղŽŽԻ֮ڣǱٴԻˣȻԱ죬վ졣Ц˵
֪ŷ絣ʲô˽ܣδĴУڰϱĨɱǳɳ
Ҳй˼ɣŷʱ׵õ˼
ħһ콾˭ԸⱻһƿأǸ˶ģ粽Сڡ
νľ֣ŷľֲεĶģ˵̫ңԶˡ


597 
ڹŷΪԼ¶˵ʱ򣬹͵ˣȴȫĲһĴ𰸡
֪
ǻشĺʹ죬ŷҲʹȴǵʹ
˸ղһ䣬һ䣬˵òƺʹ죬ȴһ𰸣֪Ǹղ˵˼͡
Ȼŷ˼ÿЦһûдﵽǸΣԶ֪ǸʲôΪԼǲߣδزӣأǿҲиӿֲĴڣȴ
ŷֱɶҲ˵ˣŸոմﵽ˾磬ЩĻеִ̼ܲ
ú͹ѾﵽˣŪڹƼ䣬ŷȻΪԼҲ⡣
Ҳ죬һЩɵƵĻѣľ죬˭٣ӿٵŷû˭ء
λ˵пٵص̹ţҲһ㣬
ҲҪҲǹⲻ˵ģĲ֪ҪҪ֪ĻŬԼΪɣֻΪˣ֪ʸ񡣡ŷһˬЦ˵
ڴ֮ǰҿԸһܣ˵֮䣬˭ܹƿУ±˵ƣҲֻǼˣǼѪųƽɣֹô򵥣̺һٵһıħԸǵġûЦ˵
ΪʲôǣѵֻΪѪ𣿡ŷʵܾõЦЩ
ҡҡͷȻֻĸħǹżҵжԣնк³˭ҲԸȥ˵ɷǡ
ԭżɨǡŷɫһڣʱ׵õ˼ˡ
úٺһЦɲ˵ġ
Ҳû˵ѣż˵ϣһĪˣ䣬Ҫɱǵħ⵽˵ķɣΪˣܾܿʹ䡣
ŷ˦˦ͷЩ߰˼˦Ȼ飬˵ˣЩˣȥȥǸɫҪ֪ýҲˣΪҲͻˣһʱˡ
ʿһۣͷ
һ̨ɽɽסһ뷲׵̨ɽһǣɽ֮ͨһҪĳ嶯
ŷ˶־ᶨ֮ú͹˸Լĵͳ̨ɽ֮ջ
ˣϽӭӡͻȻ緢Ĵһŷ͹ʿһʿЩֵĵ˵һʱúٺһЦûиٴС
𡣡
һʨӺ𣬿񱩵ֱӽ
ŷŭˣڱ˭ͻȻſͣһ
ֲˣȹ̵칬ռһۿɼĲƣ˷ȥ̨ɽɽ飬촷ۡ
ڲԶһͷʨĿɿڴԥβ;ܡ
ɤűأʮ
ӻŷĺһһֻƣҪʨץʨҲеǿˣǺ͹ŷôһȣͲ̫Զˣһŷ绯ĴץסȻҪ
ݵҰ
һǿҲȻͬһֻ޴ƿնŷײһ
ŷʮɣɫȻȻԥļħ
һ˲䣬Ѫ޾ħ޺֮һƬ谵ŷֳħأɽӣĳط˹ȥ
ףе㱾£Ȼܷҵ١һһˣʮңȣն߸

ŷֱӴ߶ħȥǧɴСĵϣȻ
ҫۣɷ죬Ҫһ㡣ֲֿܣµʨһڵϡ
ʨ¶־ɫôҲû뵽ŷ羹Ȼôǿ
С국һЦֱһƳ˳ȥǧɵ飬ŷٴ˺Զľ롣
壬ħ㿰һһˣ㲻ҵĶ֣Ҫսˡ국˵ûκ
˵Щ֮ŷ磬ĿͶ͵ˣǶΪ£
ÿһ۹ŷ磬ſ˵ǰΪȡһ
Ǹɫ֮⣬Ķԡ⵭˵һǳ󷽵ӡ
ֻǲ󷽣ˣһǶҲסú͹֡
ҾҪɫŷվ˹˵ȴһĨɵļᶨ


598 
ܡֱ˵ɫ˵дãԲܽȥ
ŷֱﵶֱָǾսɡ
üͷһЦ㲻ҵĶ֡
֪λһλ֮£ԺҵĳɾͣҲпܳԽ㣬ʱҪԵģ֮֡ŷ絭˵ֻȴ쳣ᶨ
вŷǵһôˡ
ú͹Цʱ򲻵òվڹŷһ档룬վǿ˵һ档
Уͷɫɷ̫أѾ飬ǽˣΪ˼ġǳᶨ
áŷ籩ŭˣԷȻˣ̵ġ
Թŷ綯ˣһʩչֶΣֻ𶯣ȻֱӱŷѹƵħУһѪ֣һɫ飬ڹŷһӸӲ
䡣
ħ£Ѫҫ̨ۣɽ
һαɫܵһвǰѿֲĵ
˫ֽӡ޹⣬ħϣ˿
ӣŷˣҪٴζ֡
̲סˣüͷͻȻһ˳ȥֱӽŷĳԶ˵ƶɮ֣ƶɮƢãٲʶȤĻҲˡ
óԵе㲻ͷˡ
ŷ˻ϲûܵʲô˺ӣʱɴ۾Ǻǿȴû뵽ȻǿزһȻһ鶼ûС
ãĨɱɫ䣬ȻǶŭ
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ʲôǹżҵĴˣԵ÷ǳ⡣
˹żҵˣ˭иղı֣⣬֪ѾͷѶϢҪ֮սܻὫǸһЦеģȴ쳣Σա
ĶȴûֹȻԼжϺš
ŷ˻ħɢųɱﻯһƬħħ޺ԵЩķ
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Ѿŷֻ˵ĸ֣Ϊ˹࣬ʲôԸҵηȴں
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ŷ֪һС磬Ȼ󣬵Ŀռȴƴޱߡڼ˸ӵУŷֱӳ˽ȥ
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СУûеȸоһּȵĸоνҵ𣬺͹ŷеĻȫһֱܹ˵꣬˼άýˡ
ͬʱһɱͷͷ𣬹ŷ۾ǰ˵Ļԥǰ˺顣
ҵĶһҵħУҲܵŷа뵽
£ȻʼһֿĲΡ𣬹ŷʼתȻҵ𻺻ŷС
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ҵ𹵶ħȴԷŷû̫Ӱ졣
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599 
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ںǲʲôۣȴںûΣա
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Ȼ֪ν޽ûжãۣǵŷϢ֮󣬻̲סŭˣãЩɭʵãа취ȥ޽𣿡
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600 콩ʬ
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ܶͷҪ뿪
ȴ͹һۣǲɽªĻλɽסա
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Ȼ֪ܶݣ콩ʬزݵĴڣܵ䣬һȻ칬УҿԼģùŷ쳣⡣
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ŷҲ˭ֻЦ˵һ䣺ллҪһǿս԰ɨһЩ֡
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ŷüͷһ壬õ˼ɽ֮УȻûеô򵥡
Ĳ᲻Ǻˣôս׼һ˵ЩϲܶĲǲͨˡЦ˵˵Ĳʱһ⡣
ȻĲ᲻·ҲͬɫȻϾȻɢһĨɱ
ŷЩȣҪ֪Ĵ˵УĲ֮ЩڵӣӦĲŶԣǵӡ
ʳԼеʣشŷĲǵú͹Ȼǲܶ˵ڴʼΪˣ׳ưӷĲӣͻȻһ죬ʧĲΪ棬ڵΪĲẦ˽Ż˵ġ
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ϣĵӰȥ
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ǷɽԽɽ󣬼ɽԣǼֻһ쳣ۡ


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604 
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Ĳ͵Ŀһ۹ŷ磬Ц˵ϵˣһˣһǿ飬ҵʦ
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洦ɼӥ죬ԳŭХءһͷɢŻصϢɽرߣһɽֱ̤ӻ촷ۡ
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ʱϦǲ֪ŷʵԼеĸǿ
ҹڵĵطôȥŷɫ˵ļ٣޲òϳֱӷɵߣֻǹŷȴˣԼͻɣòϳġ
ˣϦȥ壬Ǻ󷨣ֱӴ͵۳ǣȻĻҪ۳ǣҪǵİΧȦɱȥ˲Ϧ˵
ŷͷȻ֪ʲôȻֱܹӵڵĵطȻԸ⡣
ڹŷһӶ񵢸飬һ뵽۸ŷһŭڵĳ嶯
û뵽Ǻ廹Ȳ򵥡ܶͻȻ˵ɫЩ졣
ֵĿһ۲ܶϦҲ֪ܶʲôݣǿ̫ܶعŷ磬׶ԷǺ͹ŷһĴڡ
ܶĻϦ¸Ͻ˵һ槼
Ȼû뵽ǹ֮󡣡ܶ̾ϢһĻϦ³׵ˣƺ槼ΪˣǲܶʲôĴڰҪ֪槼Ѿʮˡ
槼һȣŷ˲ܶһۡ
ܶɫһ죬Ȼûĵ˹ŷһۣ˵˼ھͲˣҪǸ쵰֪ˣ˵ƴġ
ĸ쵰ŷ絹Щˡ
һȻɱңֶȴǳǿᣬʹҺսԲСͷܶЦӳڣܹκ˲࣬һ
ŷסˣǷܹһ콩ʬԿͷ
ŷɫ֪ܶ½ĵӾˣû˵ǶǺ֮ϹģʵҲϹ࣬һ𣿡
ûСŷʵ˵
һϹŴֶΣų֮Ϊ˵˯гΪһϹŷսֻξԲŻᴫһ˵ǿĲ˼顣ܶ͵
ŷ糹˼ʶˣ֮սȻֻһϹŴξʵ羹ȻҲȥˣҲ̫˰ɣȻŷѾˣоЩ˼顣
ûдﵽǸ磬ǲãҿԸ㣬пĴ磬ǱĴξһţȵǸ֮Ҳ磬ǻʱܹѡܶ˵ԼĲ롣
һΪλӰ¶磬𣿡ŷѯʡ
ȵĸˡܶ̾
һߵϦϡͿ֪ŷ˵ʲôʲôϹŴģǸû
֣Ҳɲꡣ
һ·ɳۣʱ޻죬ҪʳǣŷɱˣȻޣҲסŷһС
һ·ϦǶڹŷνǳݵ˼㣬иǿģùоˡ
ֻйŷԼ֪ཫЩ۵ȫɱЩۣԹŷڵʵƴȻĻɱԷġ
ʱкԱ¶ȵɫ
֪ŷ羹ȻǴ˵е֮󣬺һӯŷݣ˰죬ùŷ̤˴󣬰׹һŷͲܶ뿪˺塣
ƾճһۡУ漴һȺ˰Χˡ


610 
ʲôˣһӴһɷ֮ڹŷ˵ϣùŷ΢΢һ
һɾ֣쳣ǿ󣬶һɷ죬һԱͽ
ŷ΢΢һ֣ҽйŷ磬ǰҹġ
ʲôŷ磿һͻȻסˣɴ۾Źŷ磬һı顣

ΧŷǵȺˣȫһŵɫ
ʲôԵ𣿡ŷ絭ʵͻȻһɳһΨҶϢ۳ǡ
䡣
ŹŷϢһɰϢҲѹ磬鸩ס
ŷ΢΢һЦһ̤һСԺ棬СԺУһŮǣӣҲȲò
ԣϵȫǼɫͬһͶŷĻ
ˡŮ˱ǹ࣬Щʵ˵
ǵģˡ
ûƽ仰˵ȴ쳣ܵһ
ӵЩΪ¹ŷ˺˹࣬һĻʱ򣬶ʱסˣӦϽ뿪СԺӣͨͨ˾Ȼ
ӵһʱ䣬ͻȻһһ˿Ѫ
ŷɫ䣬ڹıһһУʱ֪˹ơ
ŷɫ࣬״̬ܲá
ľصˣһǿ˵ôпĴսŻ˳
ŷԿ϶ĻŲ˶ã಻һ£
Ұˡŷһ£ֱӽ౧䡣
˫ޣŷкܴİգ̵ʱڣκá
ɫͨ죬Ȼ³ŷ˼ͷڹŷĻУʱĹ࣬ﻹһ۵ķɡ
һסСԺӣһС
ܶڲԶ׼κ˿
٣۳ǣʱ۳ܣ֪һɷȴûг֣ڽ٣ԶΪʲôġ
Ȼ۵ɷ򣬾Ϳ϶۲úܶ౾ԹѾЩʧȥĵȼϣ
Щ˸ˣЩȴǳüû뵽ڹؼʱ̾ȻɱһһжŲԤУҲıڵ齫ֱǸν
һüͷ˵ҵǲǸʲôвǲҪˣǴӷģֻǼ̳۳ǵĴУôǿɷδۼΪ
⵹ǲ۳ֵʱҲֻһ˾磬Ȼ಻ɶѣѵһǿ߲ɣһҲڣ׳˶һͷţһСǴţһ峤һǿߣ۳ǿߡ
Ҳţ˵еڹۣӽ;ƿˣֻҪһܣǾͿԴ򿪻Ǵǳʱټص󣬾ǶҪһһˣ۾и͸©֮ƻĹâ
˵ĲЩһֻҪ۳ǵԺɨˣֻҪԶĽٷԲĵ̶ǵˡţЦ
ţ塢屾۳ǵȺߣܹ̳۵²Ϊ۵ģȴû뵽۾Ȼѡ˹࣬һӳ޽塣
з⣬ƣϮŻĽ
Ǳҳڹ࣬˽һֱıţ
ۼҪɹˣŷȴˣʱǵľ衣
룬ڻӦȥ۸ĳʲôȴӦ˼˵
á
õλͬҲ³ʲô⡣
۸ȥñ۸ǿһ֮һȻ˱ʡ
˶һۣҪԺ档
ΣҲùƳֺתȻĻǵļƻпաҲȲȥˣ뿪פأ۵죬ٵĻǵפغܱ̲ܿ
ҪŶ룬ܶȴǰֱӵסȥ·
˭ţüͷһ壬ŭ˵
Ȼ˸ҵȥ·һǿƵĴţŭͷ˵ֱһܶ˹ȥ
䡱һ죬ܶȵվţԼ֣һ𾪵ӡ
ʱǲŷ֣ţѾȫըˣֻʣ¹ͷ棬ɫ𾪣ǰˣվţ֮ȻôţһֻըʲôΪ


611 
׽˭Ϊλվ۸ۡǰ棬ǷҪӺۣ۾һתͻȻ׽˵
׽üͷһ壬Ϊڱ֮£˵λǾͱ׽˲١
Ϊ۳еȺʸԼ
ѣڴ˻˵
ͻȻȻŭŭƨ˭֪ʱڳ䣬Ҫ޽磬ǽ޽ķӡƣܽ룬ĪҪΪɵ𣿡
Ļ׽֪ڻݣ׽˵ǿܻϴ۴˲ϴղ۴Ͷ˵Ļˣҿǵı֣Ǹ˶Ȼɡ
֪Ǹ˶Ȼǽ첻ô˵Ҳܳʲô⣬ֻЦһҲǸʹʲôֶΣ˵ѾҵĿӦȥóʲô⡣
׽ЦȻ֪ʲô⣬ҲɵӣȻܹо⡣
ƽʱҲ׽ɵڣȴò֮Կˡ
Цһ׽˲ܶһۣ˵λĻûɡ
˵һߣ˼ԣڲȥǲܶסȥ·ûйϵ
˿˲ܶһۣüͷ̽ܶǳǸղŴţһףܶһԽǵǿߡ
ǽɣԽǵĴڣˣҲ޽ۡ
ߵһ˾ۣͻȻ䣬Լʧˣû뵽Ȼôǿ
վҲǣҲǡ
ڴʱԺӵʧãŷ˳˲ϴһĨĶǵĺΣڳĴڶһˣȻ֪ྭʲô
ЩĶŹŷ磬̿ŷΪ˾磬ȻһֻſҪˣҲǲв
һһܶǻܹԸҪǣƵ׺ûС
ǵľ磬Ȼܶȴ¶һĨЦݡ
࿴ûпһۣĿתܶ¶һĨȡ
ʶðɣܶЦʵ
ܶĻùһ֪Լ¶ˣû뵽ŷ羹ȻһǿԮƺΪãҲֻǸˣŻô
Ȼ㣬ɫЩ˶ɵˣΪֻܶӣڿȴȫô£۶ĳƺΪȻ쳣
ܶ˵ͷʲôû˵
ɫ𾪣֪±ԼеĻҪһ۶ԴĴڣǾͷƤ顣
۸ʲôܶԻཫĿͶ
һǵصֹȥ۵ϣŷ綼ܵһ˿ѹֱڵϣɪɪ档
һۣЦҪΪҲ֪ǵСڿʼǻģɱ⡣
һȻİӹϱζЩȡ
ǱˣǰĻǲôġǸʱĹ࣬һµڼСá
ƨ㲻֪ݣڼСãó֪ʵ˭𣿡ڴʱħĵڹŷ
ŷɫһݣһֱǹŷ飬ħ˼Ȼʶ࣬ҸղŹͲܶĶԻĺɣǿǻƵһǿߣҲһͷ콩ʬ
ѵȻ߻Ƶ۵Ĵ󽫣ŷʵ
ƵӦ󽫣󽫣ֻǲ֪ΪʲôΪôͣҲ˻ħɻȻҲ֪Ϊʲôᷢı仯
ǡһ۹ڵϵƽȴ̺ſֲϣһ仰˵
ǲΡΡ뿪ֱ߳۸һ
Լؿڣ˳˳Ŵţɫأ۵ΪȫָˣȻܶôǿѹ鼬ˡ
Ϊǿһ۷ˣΪǣǸܶȴ̫ˣ۶Ķ֣һ۳ǣδؾʮʤաüͷ
ڼŷһ̣Ѿŷвȴˣֻȴ֪ǣŷвԶԶıеҪĶࡣ


612 
ţû˵ͻȻ̾һ˵˰ɣһֲõԤУһΣǿҪʧˡ
ĻһŴţɭȻʲô˼
ţη屷ҡͷ˵һԤУִΪ֮ͷҪĴǸŷ粻򵥣Բһˡ
ôҲֻһ˶ѣһֻٸʲôӵвмͱһûнŷС
ţһۣЦѾδҪõˣһͨˣôܴһǿߣۣҪ붯ͬǿߣǳĲס
뵽ţǳᶨ˵ҲڿʼҴţ޶ģҲΪ֮ɡ
ţת뿪Ŵţ뿪ıӰк
ɱһ˿ݶ
Ǵţǵı鴫ȥ˾Բк³
˼һ£ҡͷУţΪĪ⣬۳֣аջɱǲһɱἤŭġ
̾һ֪˵ʵǴţûɱȻὫı˵ʱ˲к³һҪɱǡ
ϼһﲻʲôö뿪֮󣬹ŷͻȻ˵
˸ź⣬ǹûжֵ˼Ѿɱˡ˸Ȼġ
ҪʲôѾ֪ˣǵΪһ飬ˣʵǲ֪һжҵƿ£֪ԼᱻˣҲһնֻҪ۸ҽ۳ǣǾˡ˵ȴһµš
ʱ򣬹ŷ֪ıˡ󽫵ķɰɣƿһУ̸Ц˵
Լе飬ŷ֪ûб仯ŮˣȻĹࡣ
аҰɡŷЦ˵
ŷĻ¶𾪵ɫһۣ˶ҪĶӡ
ʱﵽһĲΣǿԲʱġ
һɱɣҪʮɣҲҪĶӡҲ۳ǵȻɱǣ۳ȻҪΪǵס
ൣĵ񣬹ŷЦ㲻ҪСˣǰѣǧҲ壬п˵ıְɡ
ŷ죬һߵ׽ǿóݲѣи̾ȻΪ۵ˣ˵ĺ졣
۳⣬ѹѹפ˸ֶһΰ£һֻһ˫ȴͬһ쳣
ۣߵλۣ۵λֵܣۣۣۣۡ
ʱǰվˣͱ˻ˮʪˣλۣȻǽɾ֣Ҳܵ޴ѹ
΢˫ۣһ˵ʲôˣҴһǿߣκ˹۵ƣ
ǸΪǿ۷壬ֻǲ֪ʲôֶΣŽκõġͷ󺹵˵
ţ뿪ǵˣҹζֱ࣬Ӹϳǣŷǵ˵˳ҪȰ۷ܹ
ǴӳģǸʱɾΪǿֻһȴЩ鷳ţǸ˵ϣǸʲôûУţȴ𣿡˸žʵ
ɿĵ˵ͷһ˿־壺֪ΪʲôǸȻûжȴһǳµĸо
ʲô۶ڱЩ
Խ۴ǡ˵˳
һ䣬ͻȻһƳ˳ȥԶЦ˵ƨ޽磬˭ֵȡ
ڿѪڵϣŲ˵
ʱ۵ˣʵ̫ǿˣȻΪһ۷ɵʵҲסǵһ
˻һۣ۵˵ܣҪ嶯뱷˵ѻ۳һ˲
Ǹô죿üʵ
ս۵˵
սڳ˶Щ⣬ʱ򣬽սʲôá
ֻб˸Ѿ³۵˼ˣпɬ֪һƿ¶ѳɹˡ


613 
ɥıһۣҲЩ⣬֪Է͸Լ˼֮У˼֮
Ҳ⣬Ȼ֪δʲô˼ȴûнС
һ£۰֣ȻȥɣҪù໳ɡ
ɫʧ䣬뿪һ·ϣϲɫûв³۵˼ΪۣҪܾս
ϻƣôˣ˷ܵʱ
ڻûи״ñЦһڵĵطǶˡ
ɫԵЩįһ
ô£üͷһ壬һֲõԤС
ǲΪҪ͹۴սǵļƻҪɹˡɫӿɬˡ
ʱоһЩʲô̫ɵһ㣬üͷʵ׳ʲô飿
۶ҡˣһսǹۺǣǾͻߡ˵
˻һһɫɷס
ô죿æʵ
ֱӣΣȴɢǿƣ˵ߵһѾûлͷ·ˣǹ
˼ǣɫ
ǹཫǱˣҲҪ֣ɱۣʱ۳Ǿǵˡ˵кâ
ĻǿһĿű¶ɫˣЩһ֪ɱ˹ۣǾˡ
ǻб·𣿡Ц˵
籷˵ѾûбѡˡһγǣĿŵı˹ۣȵǴ˼۵ĽǺԼˡ
ǿɲΪһĴ˵ĻҲô̵ʱڣۼôշ۳ǵĳԱ
֪ˣɹʣҪѣȲѵġһҧ˵
һĨʲôȲѣǱ˹ࡣ
վǱˡ࿿ڹŷĻУɫЩʧ䡣Ϊ۳ǣô飬ȴûȫõġ
ͱıѣ˵һСĴ
վˣΪǸţͷˣֻһçڿǱˣǻˡ
ͷɫһĨꡣ
ɱǰǧҪ۷ŭ㲻Ƕֵġൣǵ˵
ŷͷɵӣȻΪԼܹеùۡ
δء
ڴʱһ֣ܶһɫף˸ɫĹԣϡ
ֽ˹ܶ˵Ҵһģţףħսǿߡ
ǣס
¶˼ɫӳ׵޽籱һȴû뵽Ȼܶùˡ
һɱƬƳףû뵽Ȼ޽磬ҸղǸۣ״˻䴩סܶ˵˹ŷһۣЦһЦһ̤ʧ
ŷĿɿڴϵףܵаһʲôӵǿߣ׵̲ס
ǱܵķӦŷ粢£ֻǶǿܸܡ
ϹŴ񣬲ܶȻԭϹǱɱģףԳƵྪ̾Щϧǲ֣ܶǸʲô㲻ϣ֮䣬Ҫȫɱ
ϹŴ񡣡ŷֻˣܶϹŴɱ콩ʬ
Ҫ֪ﵽǸ磬Ѿˣͬӷһ棬οǱɸ֪߳ٵϹŴ
ǸԳΪ죬ҲֻһССoѡ
ϰɣ׵սˡϲŷõ˱ԼõҪġ
ŷ΢΢üͷȻ׵ݸ࣬ɫǵһսʵףټҵħӦÿԺɨˡ
ǹŷĴ㣬ֻһħе㵣ĹİΣڿǶˣһף¾ɣҲδܹ˺ࡣ
УҲҪǲܶġҡͷΪͨ죬ΪۣҸоҪ
ŷ绹ҪƴǣڴʱͻȻһֱӸ˹ŷϡ


614 ս
һĻ˴һŷǿЦá
û뵽ףȻֱӸԼϣԸٸˡ
ֻԭ򣬵һԭ򣬾ΪԷʵ̫ǿ󣬵ڶԭܹܵ˵ǱϿǱ࿪ĵ˵
һϿɹŷ磬˹ŷǱҲΪ顣಻֪ǣŷ칬УѾ˳Ϊ׼һᣬ֪Ļ϶̲סȡ
ܵ洫ϢŷЦ֪Լø඼ûˣֻ˲ƿأڸղţħҲ˵ˣԼԲá
ðɣͿΪսۣն۵Դ¾ƺȡŷ졣
ȴ˹ŷһۣû˵ôԴ˭Ҫ¾ѽһӣǷ֣ŷ翴˫۷ֱ
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һҹ࣬˫޹쳣֣ŷһҪͻƵɾ硣Ͼۣ͹ŷ˫ޣõʵ̫ˣûôͻƣŲء
Ҳõ˾޴ĺôɵ壬̺ľԲһܹģȻۼǿߣҲˡ
ڶ죬͹ŷ۸´˶ԾĶŹŷ磬ڳֻ׽ŷ磬Ȼ˵ȴֻ֪һˡ
ʱŷһɫۣӿ쳣˹޺Щ۳ǵû뵽ԼڴôõȻֻһˡ
һģ˳ò䣬ڹŷϣ˵۴ˣ˱
üͷ˴һۣŵ˵ͷ⹫ʲô𣿡
⹫ó಻ˣȴûкˣǲмĿ˹ŷһۣƽҲǾۣҷҲҪһҲϡ
⹫ĻŷЦˣȻ˿Լ֪Լ۷Ϊȷʵ˲мڳЩУһһǿơ
ΪԭЩ˿϶ѾԼˡ
ñǿ൭˵һɵ⹫ϣһ
ŭˣ⹫ȴ˿˵ͷ⹫ȻǿģΪλҪǿˡ
仰ǫˣ⹫Уĸ֣ڳУûܹʤ
ͻȻһЦ·ٻţڳЩɫ㱣漴ǾѹΪŷվ˳
⹫ŷ˵ְɣһֻ֡
˻һڽԻȻ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļ⹫һֻ֣һ˶Ĵڣθ˵Ļ
⹫۾ȫǱŭȻһˣ˵Ҫһֻ֣޲ɱ˹ŷ硣
ôңŷһüëǿƣΪڸӣΪԼԭùܵǰЩӡ
Ψһİ취ǿʵ˵
֪˵ʲô𣿡⹫˵
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⹫ûŷ磬ֻǽĿͶࡣ
൭˵ûսҲ
Ļ⹫оⱩǣֻҪû⹫ȻҲû˹ƣЦһȥϴ򡣡
û⡣ŷӦ
˳𣬶ʱ۳ǵע⡣
찡ǿǲ⹫ŵ˭۳дϳ⹫ݡ
⹫۳ǰ찡Ǹŵļһ۷塣
Ǹһˣ⹫ִ飬֪Ǹһ𣿾Ȼս⹫
֪һ󱲣е츳;Լ޵Уɵ£һɵļһսǲ֪ôд
·۷׷ףùŷû˿ʤϣϾһ۷ļһʵ̫Զˡ
ŷ縺ֶ⹫һĨЦݣְɣ˵һֻ֣Ϳ϶ʳԵġ
˻һ۳𶯣˭Ҳû뵽ƵĹŷ磬Ȼ˵Ļһ۷壬ƾʲôһֻ֡
ˡ
ǰ̫ˣҲϧ۷׷׵Թŷ绹һȺʱתˡ


615 ְֻ
⹫һû뵽ŷʱȻ˵Ļǲɱŷģڸˡ
һĨɱ⹫Ц˵֪СˣҪ֪ǲܱƵġ
ŷƲƲ죬ʲôûС
ڵʵԽɣȻԷǿҲġ
ŷһڵӣ⹫ɫˣҲ̲סֱӳ˹һȭŷ
ڷХһɶŷʱ˽⹫ˣȻһֻ򼾫ЩԱ˵ҲãǶԹŷ˵ȴʲô㲻ϡ
ܲˣ⣬һɫ˸ҵ
䡣
һ죬ȭͷײ⣬һմûһС
ŷ˸ͬһ̫ڳ䣬ҵ𺣳ȥ
Ȼǻ磬Ҳסҵ֮Ȼڱڡ
ҵ𡣡
⹫һԥתߣҵϡЩ־ĶŹŷ磬ԷȻӵֲֿ⡣
ǹŷһҵԵУû뵽Ȼǿ߶˼ɵ
ҵֻ֮֮أôֲֿ⡣⹫Էӵҵ𣬷۲ܿ⣬ȻۣҪСӦԣһ
˵̺Ŀֲ̺ŵĿֲֻ֮
ֻ𣿡ŷ˼ͻȻ磬ǳгͬʵƬһ㡣
ŷҵڽȥֻͻȻоɫУһ裬Ȼֻصооһ֮ûŷڣҵʢ
ŷȻû뵽ҵֻأȻᷢı仯ǰ⹫һɫӣҪŷ֪оȻԽҲӰ졣
죬ֻأѵſͨ𣿡ʶŷг𾪡
ֻ£ֻأܻһ磬ڿ˵Ȼģŷֻأֻת
ˣҲ⹫ѵغɫ
ŷֻأҪģ⹫ȻΪоʵֲ̫ˣйȥĳ嶯
ŷ絭Ŀ⹫һۣջֻأĮȻְɡ
ʱ˿̣ȻŷȻֻ۷壬˿񶼱ˣ˭Ҳֻһ۷Ĵڡ
ӵֻأѾ㹻ƽƽˡ
⹫һѹе𺳺Ͳ˹ŷһۣһĨм
۴սʤǰܣ㶼ʸΪ⹫Ͽҵ˵ŷѾ۷ˡ
ְɡŷ絭˵ݲҪ˳ϣֻҪΪǣǾǡһִϣ
⹫ȻҲܵŷ𾪣ȴ˿顣
ڹⱬһһ𣬻һͷ򼣬ϰͬһ˸ľĺâ
ȥ
⹫һָŷ磬޴⹫˹ȥŷɨ
ŷɫ䣬ջһֻ֣һֻȴڷ⣬âתһֱֻ֣ӽͷץС
𾪵Уŷֱֻһսɳءŷٻӣ񱩵˺Ѳ񷣬ֱ⹫˹ȥ
⹫ɫ䣬ܵһ޵еƣױͬһսʤգڹ񷣬Ӳһ
䣡
һ죬飬۳һҫ۵Ĺâǽһನƽ
⹫ɳȥϰԡѪȻܵش
۳ǵ˶Ĭˣ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿƣֻ۷ľ
һƳһȻҲ˰ɣŷ类ʵ
⹫ԡѪ˻˶Ϊ⹫Ҫƴʱ⹫ͻȻһٶ˵Ķ𾪵Ľ˳
ֱֻӹڹŷǰɫ⹫ݼ

ƺ۳гĬˣι۳ͻȻһ󻶺ֱ죬۳ǡ
˭û뵽ǿƵˣȻ۵ˣȻޱߣԹŷȻֻǻ⹫ȴӮ۳˵Ͽɡ
¶һĨǳǳЦݣһһǲ³ˣ۸֪սŻôġֲ⹫սʱ˵Ѿ֪ˡ
۷𣿡һʳһҶʵ⡣
ɨһۣ˵ͷ
һ˲䣬ʯˡ


616 
һ۷ˣ׻ʲôڳﻹִڣܿԽһСܵУԳ֮Ϊһ콾ˣοԽô󾳽磬ֱЩˡ
ףΪۻ˿ΪŮˣ̫ڲƽˣҲڻǱԨվһգֱϾ죬ɾͿžĴ֡
ŷعʱЩŷ񶼱ˣ˾ηܹŷڴʲô磬ʵѾԽˡ
޽統УǿΪûôĹأŷȻǿǾҪأѾϹŷˡ
ݼһȺ˸ףݹŷ硣
ʱ˿̣ŷЩеĵλȫۣǾãҲò˶ãŷʵܹԽҲ˵
Ǹղŵֻأҵ𣬻ǹŷսѾȫ۷ˡ
ɣΪҪףһЩͷҽ۳ǵΣְɡŷ絭˵дһĨ
۳ǵΣ֣ɴ۾ܹһĻǶڹŷ磬ķڷˡ
ʲô취˵⹫ŷܣȴޣǷǳ䣬ֱӳԼʧܣǵһϿɹŷݡ
ܼ򵥣ˣɱŷһĨֻĻȴ˾ɱǿǰλۣȻܰθ˵ֻ
ĿͶ࣬ϣֹŷ磬ʱǺЦһŹŷı֣Щˡ
ѵֶΣɱۣвţǵı֮ȴʼеˡ
ǾԲܺģ˵Ļаգɱ뵽¶Ȼɫ
ŷһЦһһۣһ̤ڹŷͬʱЩҲ˳ȥ
۱սģֻû뵽ǣûʵУӳһǿߣһ
ϽټԼĸֵܣ
ֻЩɻǣȺǿУ߳һɶӣǰȻһⶼûС
üͷ۸оЩԾԷһ۷ļһô˴󵨣п϶թ
˭ۣҹŷվУըף˵Ķը
۳еסˣסˣҲסˣȻ˸۹ȥǼֱԼĶˡ
漴۾ͷӦŭˣһָŷ˹ȥһ޴ָ֣ɽһСɢױȵϡ
ŷɫȻֻ𶯣ҵȼգоֱǸָ˹ȥ
ãҵ𡣡ɫһ䣬ԥֱӽԼָ˻Ϊ֮Ϊֲһֻ棬ҵԣǿߣҲҪͷۡ
ŷվУһбۣˣ˭Ҳ벻һҪ֪ۿһ쳣ǿƵۣУҲǾԵٮٮߣǴʱȴһ۷˱ˣúܶ˾ԼǲΡ
ȻΣΪ۴ʱɱУŷţ֮ն飬硣
⣬ձܲס˶̲סԾʵ̫ˣУҲûмֵġ
ۣŷбۿŶԷһ۷еӡ
ɫĶŹŷ磬ڿһˣҳΪ۵ڣһðϵļһ
ŷЦҪṷƨϣʲô۶Էģһǿ߰ˣҲԳΪۣ㲻Ц˼ҵĴѽǿ׳죬һӣֶĿɿڴǱŭ
ΪһףΪ۾ǿĬϵһ飬ȴû뵽Ȼŷó˵¡
ȷʵԷĲȴΪԼʸ
СһʲôҲҺô˵ɱһֻϡĿɭȻڹŷϣҪһֻȴһĨɵڹŷղŵֶΣȻǺЩ䱸ġ
ʲôͬһ磬ɱ϶Ҫ򵥣Ҫ˵ôϻ˲ˣŷ縺ֶۣȻ۸ܵһѹ
һֺܲõԤУ۷ĺ󱲣Ȼһľĸо
ʵ㵽ʲôˣ



617 
۳һһ۷ɡ
ۣİĴۣҲоԾĳ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ǲûпŷ磬Ҫ֪ʱվȻҪһʵģһʲô˵ֶΡ
뵽ɫƽĶŹŷ磺˵ǳķˣ֪Ƿ£
ǵһɱǿߵĳǿߵǸҵĸ׹Σǹŷ硣ŷ絭˵
仰˶һȻǸ˵ĶӡҪ֪ĹΣҲڽɾ磬ȴһƿӡҪһ֮ɱС
Ĵ˵һˣȻۣԹҲоľԼǶ֡
ҸЩɵģֻҪ㣬ǹżҶɣ֪ôΧ۳ǣǰȪŷɫȴǲɵļᶨ
ŷ۹ɨ̲סһһָоҲ۷ļһ˵Ҳ˵ȷʵֶΣɱ
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ŷ翴һۣͬЦƾ㣬ɱңһ仰ǲˣ
һȴǼᶨ˵ˡ
ڴʱֹŷˣɱ죬ͬʱĺɫϢһľĸо
ʲô
ͻȻת˹ȥɫϢ֣˽ǿߣȫһ˲ЩǿߣҲǶһᣬȻûϢ
嶼һҡΣָŭ𣬾Ȼ̶̵һ˲䣬Ǳ˹˾°ȫŷɱˡ

ɫ࣬ŭŹŷ磬Ҫˡ

쳤Хıˣһ˲䱻ɱˣǧĻȴһӱŷ绯Ϊˣβŭ
һƳ˳סƬ񷣬ãã䣬ÿһ˿ܹѹһ۳ɫѿʱǲܵ۵ϣ̫ڿֲˣ֮ȣͬһһ㡣
δǾùŷˣ۾֮⣬ûܹ´Ȼŷ죬Ҳһֻһ۷Ĵڰˡ
䡣
ڴʱһϢӹŷϱɢױȵʥϢȻŷڵΪ޷׷ʵȴܹһ˿ܣǣƾһ˿ܣܹˡ
ͬʱһᴩأͬһɽ룬۵İ˹춯صɷľ
ۡ
۵ƱնƵ䣬ʮɴСͬһСɽ㣬˿÷㶡ֻǴʱǸƣѾʧȥоѪħ˵С
˭Ҳ벻ۺ͹ŷ罻棬Ȼ۳ԿΪ֡
ħסŷϺϵװʱ̲ס
Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼӵ
ʲôħڳ䣬õΪ棬ڰ۵ôУ۾
۵ɫҲÿף۽쳣ܵˣ˿οˡ
˵ĻһˣȻĻףڹŷС
ֻ󲻳ǣ˭ôܹɱۣҪ֪ۿɲһۣһֻɵУͲһˡһǿĴڣҪҲѣҪɱɳ֡
ѵŷɵĴڣ뵽һЩľ
ŷվɫһͷۣľоǳĲ
ǹŷɵĻǽ׶༪ˡ
۽ԼĲ²߻ǣΪ侲һ⣬磬ԲɣǸǿߣһԸ񣬿ǳˣԴȫõġ
۵ķоһͬ˵ŷ磬ּ̧ɱ󣬿϶ѾԼ˳ˡ
뵽ЦȻ֪εõ׵ģ컹ҪȻû˰ۣҲ۳ܹģɱ
һ£ɫۣۣۡĸͬʱվ˳죬ضϵǿߣ۳еˣһִͷĸо


618 
λۣŷȻƽ˸ҵںУȻһ䡣
ִĵͬɽһ㣬ѹᴩ
ǿƣֲŷı𾪣һ˸λۻӶ
ɫᣬڷ趯ٲһ㣬ɨǧɣӹ񷣬顣
嶼һ𣬹ŷһȻٴγ֡
۳ХħһӳɴСȻһŷ̤˹ֻڷ⣬ѹϢ
ŷɫ䣬ħգֻն˹ȥ
ۡ
ûѪ⣬ǻ۵һֻȴ˰ˣֻڵϣȴûһѪȻǱеľ
ħƸݣŷֳħλۣɫĮ̺һִϣľ
ۡۡǰڷ⣬һһ㣬ǿ󣬺嫵ĲǵϴҪһء
ǴͨԶ빥ŷ硣
â𣬻ֻأ۱ɳȥǹŷȴҲըˣһѡ
ѵĽ飬Ȼλۣսֱ
Ϊ㣬һֺ۴оŷ㣬Ϊǿ޷һֻҪˣվɱ˹ŷ硣
һߵĹЦһ̤ŷվۡ
֮䣬ֻʣλѰڣһ̣춯صսˡ
ۼսǴУãã棬ŷͷڷ趯ħԴɨһС
ͬҪһ㣬ᴩأããС
ȻǶɫȻ벻Ĺŷ磬Ȼ˿ֲ
ڹһ㣬ȴְʮ㣬һ֣ͬʱסλۡ
֣һС
۰Դһ¶ֵɫԥתӡһսܵشûʮʱ䣬
һߣ˾Ե·硣ŷ˽Ǵõ飬۵ٵˣȻѵ飬ԿѾ־ˡһӴܣŷҲû׷ǿߣҪߵĻǺ׷ϵģ֣Ҳκһˡ
ȴڣųףѾǲĴڡ
λ۱ܣŷǽ۳ǣ۳Уһ󻶺˭Ҳû뵽۳еΣѾô׵Ľˡ
ŷɫ΢΢Щ԰ףһսܵ˼صĴˣջȴҲĲˣ۷սսۣ¹ŷʷĵһˡ
Ų࣬Ųࡣɴͷ󺰣ʱ۳ǣһƬƬź
źڳУֻ˵ɫÿ
ǿ֪ͻȻڣͱɫһףţȴ¶һĨҵɫҺȷѡ
ֹͣˣĿͶ˵ϣɫŲ⡣
ͱ˻ð亹ͻȻ˹ȥһӣ׹ˣ϶˱ѹ۵飬ȻĻǾԲΪ
뵽ɫŭȫ׷˹ȥ
ŷһֱ̤ӵǰ棬һ˲䣬˶۳С
ۣǴ㽫ϵģֻû뵽ǾȻôûãȻ̤ˣǾ͸ȥɡĴĿ˶ɵĹâ
ҲЦ뱷ӻóƣȻתֱӽƼһɿֲϢڸգ۳ǡ·һĴѣ۳Ƕڲ֣оֱӹ֣֪̿ʲô顣
۳ǵܣȻۣǿ²֪ɣھԶ̫ţ۳Ǳ߱ǣɱһλϹ飬Ȼ߱ƣɱһۣȴǴ´ࡣЦһ޿ֵӡ
ҲһЦɨһ˵ǣ߱ɱԼѡ񡣡
쳣⣬Ŵţɫг˳ƵģֻܿĲȻ֮ǰҲ㹻ˣţȻӵһƣȴֹ˵Ϊ
ɫ԰ףеԼΪˡţһ۹͹ŷˣɫٴμᶨ֪ΪʲôһĪĸоۺˣ߱
ȻЩ˼飬ǴţԼֱ


619 ߱
⹫ͻȻվ˳ŭָˣ۴˲ѵԴ۴˵ģ
ЦһŮ˶ѣʲôʸΪۣõ۴Уǵǰһ϶硣
ʲô۴ˣǲк³ġ⹫ŭȻڿʼˬŷݣǶڹۣȴǷǳҳϵġ
ڱѱ䣬⹫ŭ˼㣬ǹ໹ûбʾѾվȥɱһˡ
߱£˭ûк³˵أ˭Ը⳼ǾվȻĻ͵ɡɨһʱв˶ҡ
Ȼҳڹ࣬ҲвˣֻǱϳڹغȻԥŹ
ʵҲЩţҲɱȻĻ۳ֻʣˣ߱Ҳס֡Щδ۳ǵĶʧ
£Ϊۡһͷ˳ҰȻһֶβȴ̰֮ǵĻȻһվ˳
˴ͷЦ˳Ұ˳ӦΪȱʣ˭ԸͶ
һ˴ͷԥҲ˾ʮλվ˳ǴҵԸͶϡ
а˾λվڹߣɫĮȻΪ
ţһ֮Ȼվڹߣ뱷Ƕš
ɫһ䣬Ȼе㳰Цһţ˵ţ֣Ҫһ·ߵڰ
ţһЦʲôû˵Ȼ˾ͲڣҴţԼѡ񣬾Բ
ĵôţһ裬֪۳ǵۣɲ⣬Ҳʲô취ƿ߱
ɵơŷƲƲ죬쳣м
ɫɨһۻվڹŷߵİ˾ŸϴһĨɭȻЦ
ȻǶҾͳȫǡɭȻʮԸ˳ǣѾˡ
Ȼ֪۳У۵ңȻЩһܹЧԼ
ڷ֣һ൭Ŀڣδ߱Уһĵӡ
˵ı֣ñЩţͻȻãҲԼһ쳣ľ
һߵȴЦӣҪǣ㲻һۣ߱󣬶Ҿһۣ֪߱ĴڣɣҾͽͷȫͽ
²ǡŷ絭˵һ㶼ġǹûа취ؼʱ̲ܶҲȻֽԼɱ֣ȴᱣסԼ˳¹࣬Ųܶġ

ЦǸղе㵣ģȴҲĻˣԷ˵󻰣߱£ϹŴҪοǹǡ
Ҳͬѡ񣿡ĿɨȺǱɫ
ô˵Ҳۣϵģ˻һʮɫȻ߳ˣصߡ
ɫ쳣ÿ˵Ҳ
û˵ֻǵɫȴԽԽᶨ£֪ʱ򣬾ҪоһվӵĻǽͷݣͻٲǼȻѡٴվ˻ȻѾ¶˾ġ
㱳ۣк³ġӥǹˣһְһߡ
ʵûг֮ǰۼ۵ѡֻĻˡ
жڹǷǳӵģԲʱ򣬱ͬʱҲΪݣٴվ˻
ϳжʱ侮ʯԸļ̳ߡ
ǶҪͱһ·ߵˣ൭˵ɫƽֻȴ˵ɱ⡣
ɫ䣬֪Ҫˣ˸ϽһУɱȥ
Ȼܹ߱ɱ࣬ȴҲţڴɱǰߣǾˡ
һۣԲܹԸġ
ɱãã纣һ˹ɫһȥֻ߱һ˿ϣǾͶסˡ
ֻǹŷ͹վԭأɢһִϣŴɱ
ΪҲ֪߱ĴڣɫĬȻñľŵĶŹ࣬ѵѾ֪߱ĴڣĻڻƽȻжԸ߱ķ뵽Ļˡ


620 Ĵ
һҧ˵Ҫƭˣһڲƭǡ
ֻǱԼܹоԼĻг顣
ɫҲÿͱһȻϣԷڲƭԼģȴֿԲ
ɱ
˶޾ɱ
˿ܻܶɱϹŴĴǸ͵סһ˿ϣڵء
ڴʱһ⣬ȻһϷڣһֱ״Сһġۡɢޱߵϡ
һ֣ããɱɢһ̻ΪС
һ䣬һ㣬ȺĤݡɫ԰ףȻû뵽ȻڹУܹ߱Ǹоܹ߱Ķʵǹƿŵ
ƲֱͱƿأĮĿһۣ߱ٴμȻǺɱ¡
ʮλһ˲׻ɱʣֲֿʹ׵Ĺŷ磬оľһָоԼϵףҲס߱
󣬵ˡ
ɱǣʲôû˵ֱתȥ
۳ǲԶĵطӰĿһУкȻǽУҲֻĿˡ
߱ϣľ
ҺǰˡۿЦ˵
ǰˣǲ˵׬أǳΪ˹˾һҪ˵
ʧȥ˰ԲһصԼˣǿǻȥĻȴǵĿֹܲǰжǵĵ̣ۺֻʱ
һҪ𣬵Ǹӵ׺ħԵֵۣҲǿޱȣƾºѱˣǲҪˣǻһûгءüͷһѣǶһǰԷһδ֣һɺӵս
ڸô죿
ۿڣɭȻɱƵ
Ϊۣȴ䵽زдޣа취ŷ磬Ȼ
ͶһǿƵˡۿڣЩ
˻һ۶Ĭˡ
һǿƵˣ޽УǸˣ˭ܹǿƣͶ֮󣬵ڽԼһɶȴˣЩòʧ
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УоԵϣǾĳ飬˻ᷴԡ
Ĭ˰ΣڿڣתߵģȥͶǸˡ
༸û¶ĵɫЩЦǱݺصǿߣȴҪΪ˵£ʵ̫ڱˣΪ˱ȴҲ˲ôˡ
һϵĹƯڿУͨͷԣ̺һִϣȻۣǰҲԼСйȥĳ嶯
ǶһۣȻ޷˵̤ȥ
۳УŷͻȻдһľĸоüͷ˵һֲõԤС
Ҳǡü壬ͬڡ
ǶһۣͬʱָоҪʲô鷢вǡ
ʲô飿
ǣ˰ǲǲءŷЦһ
ͷȴЩĵ˵ǲָоҵʲôǿһҪѹˡ
޽ŷ粢˽⣬˼ҲˣνۣӦòǿߣӦûиǿĴڡ
޽һֲĴڣųʣķ֮һ޽ףҲµĲĻӦһɡ
Ľܣŷкݺһ£Ȼ죬Դ˵еɣҲܵѹ
ȻoȴǵжԵĹϵһǰȴĵжԹϵ
漴ŷ۾һͻȻ뵽Ļֻ˵װ޽磬һ룬ӦܹʿĴڡ
ʳԼ⣬ȴ¶һĨЦʣµı񣬶ʥǶɣ۳ǣôڱʵĵؽ硣
ǳΣŷʵ
ܣĴǿ߶˲֪೤ʱ䣬ٻͻ˵Ϊ۳ˣϸ˵۳˵ĵˡ³࣬ùŷ̲סһۣ۳ǵһʲôӵĴڰ


621 ֮
һ۳ǵۣҲһɣǷͥԳһԡ˵ʱùŷˡ
ֻЩֵǣλ
·𿴳ŷ뷨Цһ˵ΪޱȾԶǰʶԾȴ͵ϮܵشһֱŵڣųŲȥڷ
ԭԭ򣬹ŷȻˣͬʱлһɾ裬ɶɲܴˡ
Ǹô죿ŷЩƵʵ뵽˲ֱܶӽųˣһ˵֣϶ֵģ˵ֻĸɣʮҪ
콩ʬϹŴĴڣɲ˵˵ѵġ
ֻһ취ˣҵΪɵĵزһҧһ
ŷüͷΪɣûеô򵥣п϶о޴ķգù˵
Ǳ֮أһѪһָݣʱΪȻܹɵľ硣˵
֮أһİʡ
һʲôط֮󣬹ŷɫֱӷ˹뷨Ц룬޷ĵطǹۣҲûгĻᡣ
׼ȥŷԡ
ȥ
һܶǵǰû˿ǲ֮࣬Ĳʵ̫һЩ
Ϊʲôŷüڲܶûӹ˵ȥĻͿ϶ǿȥ
֮أһĵطȻһɱͷһͷԹ飬Ҳڱ˵ģǶڹ˵ȴһᡣܶ˵
ʲô᣿ŷʵ
ù෸գһ㶼롣
ȻҲܹᵽŷ뷨¶һĨ۵ЦݣȴҲû˵ֻҪŷ粻ȥͲȥ˭˵ûá
ܶҲףԼŷ϶ͬģԥĽ͵౾󽫣Ҳ鼶
˻һŷ˼ĶŹ࣬µݣԺѲ˹ϵпܣǸʱߵսȴû뵽ȻΪ顣
Ϲһսش˻ΪȴȻϢֻҪ֮أˣܹͻƵ磬ָ
ûΣգ
Ȼǹŷĵ⡣
˵ûΣգ𣿡ܶЦ˵
ŷҡͷʲôЦûΣյĻӵѪֲֹһǸ֮Ѿʧˡ
ΣյģԾҪҲһȥֻҵϣȻгĶȻ꾭ֻҪöȻ꾭ȥԹûκΣաܶĽ͡
ŷȴûôֹۣһԹ飬ôûģΣա
ʲôȻ꾭û˵
ѡˣŷ粻ҪԥЩᣬʱеġܶ˵
ΪʲôҪǽȥ뿪޽ɡŷ綢Ųܶоܶе㲻ͬѰ޽磬ͣʧͻȻ֣ȥ֮أ˵ȥ
ŷ쵽һЩʲôܶЦһ뿪ҲԣҪһ֮С
ʲô
Ѫܶ˵
ŷֱһȭ˹ȥܶٶ㿪Ц˵ͰһΣѪժǷһ顣
ҪѪʲôŷʡ
һ콩ʬʲô鱦˵ûõģŷ粻֪ҪѪʲô
ܶɫ΢΢һû˵ͻȻɢһֱ˵Ϣùŷе㲻Ӧ
˵ŷ綼֪ܶϾԷʲôĵ飬ʹȥǧ꣬Ȼͻ
ʱ򣬹뵽ʲôɲĿ˲ܶһۣͻȻڵõģҴӦ㡣
ŷû˵ʵҲӦܶ˵ģ˵ܶԼ޽磬ҲԹŷˡ
ڹȻӦˣŷȻᷴԡ
ŷȴһҪҪܶԼ͹ĳʲô⣬һҪϧһдۣԼ˾Ȼ
ҪܶʹĴӦˣŷɻ񣬲ܶЦ˵֮ض˵һΣյĵطֻԹеͷۣһὫѪٵ
ֲòܶԳ֣ԭԭ򡣹ŷ˵콩ʬݣôܻὫһ֮طС
ãǰһ£ͳܶԵЩȲ


622 Ϲ
ڹŷ뿪֮󣬱𶯣һ칬֮ϣһޣɱ졣ǾȻ֡
ͷˣǣ⻹λУǰ죬ԶԣǷû֮ǰ
ڹŷǣǽ֮ء
һԹɱһǹǺĪܣȻֻԹ飬ȴӵǿߵʵ
ŷ𾪣֮عȻЩԹ鶼֮صǿߣǱɱԹɢɾԹ顣
ŷҵɨԹɢҵԹĿǣǸ͵ס
Թ飬ŷ粢û˿ĵɫΧĻݲͬһƬ˿ľսһɢľ
ΣУΣջûг֡üҲܵա
һԹ鶼£ҪǸԹ飬ֵĻǾԲǶ֡ŷ˵
ȻжȻ꾭Լȴû㹻ģǺǿǿߣֻǿߵԹ飬ҲǶ֡
ʵĲ࣬ǿߵԹǿȻǿġ
˶һۣԽޣǰȥ
¡¡
һȻӵ𣬶ŷɱȥ⾹ȻһͷʬȴΣһֻǿɢϢ֪һǿߡ
ôʱ䣬ʬ޳ɽʬͻȻɱ˳ڵꡣ

һɹһ˸ȻС⾹Ȼһͷݣֻȴʧȥ˹󣬵һ߰ȴȻ˲С
һۼĴڣŷ𾪣˺ԥĳ˳ȥҵɨȴûжͷʬʲôΣ
ŷͻȻʶʬ⣬УȻǲ콩ʬȻص㣬Ķҵɱġ
뵽ҵʹԼ֮ս
սŷѡ˽֮ɨ߲񷶼ˡ
ŷɫأħͨ콣նڽϣϳһ޴˿ڡ
˿ڣȴں̵ܶʱˣǽʬӵ
ŷɫأֲֿĴڣۻҪءʬֲĴڣͬ޵У˵ʤԷ
һѪ֣ǹȥɣŷ̤նУֱӲڽϣ񷡣
һɽ뱻ѹˣڿĴȫˡ֮أԲʮ쳣嫣ʱɽ飬ŷսһ㣬ѹ·硣
ݣħ춯صĵᴩؼ䣬ٴڽϻһӡ
ŷûͣЪӶħѹƣ屻ΣĲҽţŷħնͷ­˾ţ֮ǽͷ󳹵׻ɱ
ŷһѾ˶֣վԼߵʱЦűˡ
ҶѾôʱ䣬꣬ͬ£ڿ¶ԽħˡЦ˵οŷ磬Ҫ١
ŷЦŵ˵ͷû٣Ͼʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣкܳʱĻЩνǿߣΪǡ
Ϣһ֮Ѱһ·ϣǿܶǿߵʬǣȻȥʱ쳣ԶȻϼ⣬Ǹոȥһ
ŷףⶼΪЩ˵ǿԲŻʱ䶼ĥݺصǿߣͶ۾Ĵڡ
֮صΣգǴûе͹ˣȴ֣Լǵ͹֮أ̫ڿֲˡ
ոսۼʬȥʲô⣬ŷ벻
뵽һܶأһס
ǼǰУʱܹԹ飬˻ɱˣҺûɾԹ飬ȻĻľҪΣˡ
һֻнʮġ
ľ󣬺ȫһޱڣһţŨɾ񸮡
һֻɫЩģ˳ֵʱ¶һĨЦ⡣
ӹŷǳסˣﾹȻһ˵ѾǰܹĴϣܵǲ
ҲǴ󲻽⣬˭Ҳ벻֮صģȻһͷĿⶢ˵ϵʱ򣬹ŷɫŹתҪ뿪
ҪɱǣͷϽʬסɡĿڣ黯һа꣬Ȼ٬വһ࣬Ե쳣ḡ
࿴֮󣬶ʱסˣŵŴС죬쵰û
ŷɫһ䣬Ͻڹǰ¶Էŭ˹ࡣ
СãʶңԣԶǼϼһûʲôʶҵģ㵽˭˵ȻĿӹࡣ
ͻȻһ𣬾ȵ˵㣬ʥŮ㲻ǸսϽôȴ˻Ϊ۾硣
һۿĵϸǰݣùŷɫ죬ǰȻǹ˲ɣ
ɻ࣬ЦڵһҲһλϹŴĽɴڣһ̫ǵˣǿ֣ɱˣ˭뵽Ȼû
Ļɫһ䣬Ȼм˵Ǽ쵰Ҫ鷳Ҫҷֶξˣ»Ҫܵǵİˣȵɱȥһ죬Ǽ쵰кýġ
ţȻǶ԰ɱԼļ˹ڻ
ŷû˵ȴйˣǲŴ㿪ڣʡķ˵йĶ
ʲôʥŮҿԿһԱݣƽϣСȴҪĿͶڹŷϣһɱ
ܣǱ֣ΣˡϽмͷҪ
ɱǹŷ磬ȴҪ
У㲻ɱһϽڹŷǰ
ûҷɱˣʥŮ㲻Ҫ󡣡˵˸а⣬ڹϣѹ
ɱһԡ
һƽ𣬴һĨŭ÷һ㶣ɫ䡣
ܶЦų˵ǰŷ˵һһϹ㾹ȻҶƭˣǺñ°
óܶء
һ˳ΪԼɹƭܶأû뵽ܶȻͻȻ˽Ĵ㶼ˡ
һĲܶǿһЦЦþòˣϽʬ


623 
ܶЦˣֻЦЩ䡣
Ǻܳʱûмˣ㻹ǺǰһҷСܶ˵һ㶼ȴһŭûС
ҲϹŴųƽɴڣܶȣһġŭ˲ܶͷϽʬǲҪһƤ
ϽʬʲôƤЦⲻЦ˵
ѪһãȻٽһܶ˵Ȼ˵ǽ裬ȴ쳣ǿƣûһĴ㣬˵ǿȡȽС
СʵҿԲӦ𣿡
˵أܶʵ
ðɣ֪˴𰸣ͷɥֱһ֣һѪιʵܶ˹ȥȻ³һûڡ
һУЩһ˦֣ŷǱ㷢Լ뿪֮ء
˲ܶŷ˸û˿졣ܶ۾ͻȻ˵Ʀӵʵֽˡ
¶𾪵ɫ֪ĽɴڣٽһǶôļѣȻΪˣ½һֲķꡣ
ʲôĵˣ»⵽ֲı
ˣҪˣõ˷һͻưɣָܹ޽ȥܶ˵
ͷҲоԼоȣʱҪһ
ϸ߿գֱӱûŨУȻֻһǺεȴڣȻֻһ㣬Ҳ㹻嵽ɵľˡ
䡣
ϣۣ׹䣬޽硣
ĸĹǿϢ߳˹Ȼλ޽ɡ
ǸܵҪһľ磬ʱסˣҪǰֹ
ȥ
ܶһȣǵǰ·
Ĵǿߣ¶ȻɫǸܵܶеϣһǸܿĴڡ
ɶ޷ĴڣҲֻ飬ܹˡ
Ǻԥתߡ
ֻȴ̽˹ǲ֪˭ɽٳɾɣǷĲ˵ġܵĴǿߵһӲܶûٷŭֻһȻվ
ȫû׵棬ϼɣȻڲܶЩ𺳵УȻеĽȥ
䡣
һ̣Ź⻪䣬צΪֻͷϸǳһǣʱȫϹģӴɢùŷ綼ܵһѹ
ǧɣͬһɽһԵ쳣ǿᡣβնˣ紹䣬ѹһɽ
һָ̣쳤Х󷢳ԣӽΪִۣ۳ǡ
һ޽𶯣ӦŹĻ컨׹ڵأףһλɵĽ١
Ĵǿɫѿû뵽ྐྵȻɾˣӵкԼƽƽĻᡣ
ƽʱǾԲ鷢ȴһһoǿڣˣĴ
ǱҪϵ۳ˣо֮󣬺ԥתˡʱ۳ǣѾǰһˣһɵȻǳƺҲҶˡ
ŷ磬׼һ£һ֮뿪޽硣ܶ˵Ȼ黯뿪
Ҳ׼һ£һ֮뿪ŷЦ˵һֻ§ס࣬ŷɲܹʲôɣֻ֪Ůˡ
֪ȴЦһ˵ԲϹҲߡ
ŷһ𣬶ڹϣɻʵΪʲô
ӡҪˣȻңҪ޽磬Լ޽ΪϹҲ볾̫ܵ𺦰ɡ˵
Ӧͨı仯飬ֲ˶೤ʱˡ֪ǹŷļ磬Լļݵġǹ࣬ҲԸ⿴һĻҪ
ŷ׹˼ЦҡҡͷΪһܽȥģǲԸûá
ŷеɥϾǿƣԼŮˣǰһУȴС
վʱ̫ˣȻӢţǺЩǼǧȣ̫ˡ
ϹҪˣô̵ʱ䣬˵ˣδܵˣ㽫ȻܹΪǿߡలο
ŷЦЦ§ڻУֻǾԼܱ㣬е㲻ѣ㲻õңϹҵģ˭Ҳ˵ġ
ۣڹŷĻС


624 
ص۳֮󣬵õӢۼĴ˶ڻŹ֣һ֮ûУȻɢһϢ
ŷ֪ǳؾ֮·ȼ𣬳ɾ񣬳Ϊ֮顣
ȴνoֻǺǸ磬ڣֻ޷ѡΪľܹ׼
ڷв࣬˫ޣŷΪͻơ
׹ⴹҪ۳ǶٵһһӰֱ׹⣬ſһ׹ⱻеУȻͣ
ŷУɢԣ׵ϣʾһִϡ𶯣𶯣¡¡ر顣ǿһ־磬ܹ
֮󣬹ŷ쳤Хһɿְֲ˷ȻǿߣڷǸܵһɲ۵ƣǾ˼㡣
ŷ츳̫ǿˣɾ磬Ȼѹ̧ͷټ
ȶ֮󣬹ŷȴӵһ˵롣˾ǱʣųƱһǿߣһ쳣ǿưԵ
ʹȴǳǫΪ֪ԼԵʲôĴڡ
ȥˡŷ翪ڣʹ뿪
еݣûʲôرģǣ칬͡
Լһȥɡԥһ£ǿڵ
ŷԼ磬Ϊ۳һֱǵˣ޺硣
ǳʲôʵĻһ˻ߣǹŷһȥܻܿ⵽ѡŷȴҡͷᶨ˵Ҳһ˷յģҲ̫СϹˣ׺ħȻ򲻹ɣִҪӣǻɱҵġ
ĬȻ֪ͬŷͬȥǲܵ飬ԹŷԸ񣬾Բ
û˵̤ǰ·̡
ɾ£̫ϣÿǰһξ룬ȵﱱ칬֮ʱѾǵˡ
ǣüĿò죬ŷ̤칬ڵķΧʱüͷһЦ˵Ѿˡ
ƽƽһ죬޽Ĵֻû뵽ȴʱ򣬾ۼһ
ŷǸһӽܵλϢǶһۣȻԥ˽ȥ
û˸֮ĶԾȻָۣҲҪ˵һߡ
ŷಢУǵ칬֮ʱȴ˰Ųڹŷ֣ü˳ۣһɵСϱһ
һĻб칬˿Ŀɿڴһɾ˶Դļһƾʲô
ڳĲǿߣŷͷ棬ȴ쳣мǾã׺ħŷҲֻһͨɶѡ
ŷ߽칬֮ĵĿͬʱ˹ŷ˿ͣλ
ۿҵƽƽƾʲôһ״󺺣ͻȻһɿֲϣֱڹŷϡ
ŷħֱͨ쵶â˹ȥâ˺칬ѹ䡣
ɫмһֻĳҪâ顣
䡣
һ죬ɳȥŷ𶯣ͬɳȥֻ˲˻ٴһ
һѪ֣ȥٴνɡ
ŷ𶯣ҲûгֵˡɣվɣȻԷһֲǶԷбܵķ֮ùŷʲôˡ
ŭ죬ŷ߳˹
飬緭ɱأ޲ýŷˡһɾСгôĿƤ졣
Ȼûܵʲô˺У˸ӵԽܡ
ʱ򣬹վ˳һֱӺϣ𶯣һѪ˳
ŭŹ࣬һ칬ʼֱˡ
죬סƬ񷣬ϵĴǶڲҪ׹ķŭˣѾ֪꣬ûܹ˺ˡ
ס֡
ʵ̲סˣȻߣһѰסŭɫĵ
ɱǣкƽŭɱ⶯졣
ž
ͻȻһƳ˳ȥԶȻݺݵײһɽС
ӱ졣Ǵеƣһƣ״˻ȥ
ŷ͹һۣое㲻ͬѰĴ֮Ĺϵܲеô򵥡


625 ֮Դ
ɫЩηĿһ۱ʣײ˵ˡ
ŷһۣԿеĲͬѰĴ֮䣬ԱΪĴԲ
Ĵԣ֮ƽƽݶԵȵĸˡ
𣿡Цʵ
ŷͷȷʵ֣뵽һֿܣȴЩţĻ޽İͲǡ
ˣʵֻǴִ޽ġȻǱһϢִƣǴǸˣ˭
λɶΨǴӣֻܹˡ
˭ŷʵ
ǵʦ𣬱棬Ӧ˵Ц˵˵ĸֵʱɫ¶һĨΪԼʦ
棬ŷ̲סˣ˵п޽һĴڣõ޽֮ȼ񣬳ɾ顣
ȻĴʦֲ˵Լִ޽硣
ҲֻпĴڣܹĴ״һֱǧ궼δ
ĸִ޽磬վ˱ʡ˵Ŀڹϡ
ɫ䣬ֻǵ³֣۳ǡ
۳еۣͻ𣬳ɾɣҼΪǿƣƽǲòԸϹŵЦݣ˵Ȼһίӡ
ŷӦ֪Ϊʲô֮һֿ½ԪεĸоǼһҲģֻǲ֪ǵȡǲҲ⡣
Ǿƻۣǧ꣬ŲòԲԣƽʵ
۶ж֮ĸ飬λãͬʱҲ۳ǣ˺ܶ飬ԲÿǷۡ
ǵͷ¶һĨЦֻȴ֣ǵ͹ۣվͦˣڰıһ¡
ʲôûŷ͹˶ˣ۾ȻûλΪʲôı鵽ʲô
˲룬֪Ĵǣ϶Ϊġ
ûǸܵĴڣһι۶ɽٵʱ򡣡ɫص˵
ˣĸ˵Ҳҵ۰ɣαػǡüЩɻ
ңǼȻһ۵ʲôͬǲгأˣһۣ˵Ǻ᲻Լ֡
Ƿ·Ѿϵ˹⣬˵ǱģʦȴǺʦ˵ˣֻйۣܹҵӥˡ
ӥһ۵֣ǲӥõȺ֣ΪԼ
㣿ʵɫ䶼ûбһ¡
Ϊɾǿ߾ͲƭˣԽĴڣƭ˵ʱ򣬾ԽֲΪͼıĶʵ̫ˡ
ʦͣԿһ¡ӳһ飬ɵߡ
棬ܵϤϢŷҲһɫŹ֣û뵽Ĵʦ𣬾ȻǸһ
ʦڿʼۣ޽һ۲һǣõʦϿɡЦ˵
Ȼ֪ԼʦΪʲôҪϿɹ࣬ȴ֪ԺԼˡ
ͷͽǣ˵ˣҸô
ʦ𽻴֮Դһȥӥ𡣡ÿһ䶼ᵽʦùŷ͹еһֲСѧˣ
ν֮Դŷû˵඼û˵
֮Դ޽ĸ޽类ɣȡһıԴ֮Ϊ֧޽Ļ֮Դٻ޽磬ҪһƬ֮ء˵ǵĿһ⡣
ŷ֪ΪʲôĴ֣ˣϵ޽Ĵβġ
Ҫٻ֮Դѯʡ
ǵͷ϶˹Ĳ²⡣
ŷһ⣬ɢһȻɱ
޽ûи飬˵վڵжԵϣϾһ飬ȻΪһ˽Ҫɱһ飬ùŷ޷̡
ǺܸǲҪǣһɱⲡʥΣһȣ˹˵һɱȴ˿ѷɫˡ
ɨһۣŵʵʲôʱ
ԽԽá
ת˵·
ɫһڣǽ·ūأŷ͵Ц໹еˣϾ֮ǰΪǶԼһ裬ŷܵ裬Լܵء
׼ʱȴˣУȥŷ粻ȥ
ȥҲȥԥ˵ɫࡣ
սȭͷҪ쭵ĳ嶯Ǻݺݵĵһ֮ѹŭ
üͷ˹ŷһЦ˵ǲǰȥΪȥ֮Դδܹסǿѹʲô⣬¹ҲԸ⿴鷢ɡ
ǵĻùԥˣȻŷ緢κ⡣
ȥĵطҲȥΪɣɣѾ֤ҵʵˡŷƲƲ˵ԼʵУֱǿЦӵ׵֮ϣ֮ԴûΣգȻͲΣա
һߵɫѿߣӾ͹ŷһܡղ˵һ޴ĳ裬û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ
ǵһۣ𼴽ڵĻ˻ȥʵĿ˹ŷһۣݺݵĴһڴȻѹֵ˼㡣
תЦ˵ȻȥҲֻǳΣգǧҪСİȫС
ŷͷʾԼסȴഫ⼸һĿģԲ򵥣ӦǲֹɱۣСһ㡣
֪ˡҲŷ紫Ҳһĸо԰Ե޽磬ȴܹһٵǵƣȻͬѰȻʲôͼı
뿪칬֮Դȥ
֮Դ޽ϱߣѾͳηΧһƬǰֹס˽Ų
ȵ˴ΪɵĹǣЩͮͮģɴ˿ɼĻǶô
˹ŷһۣ˵ǶסƬ𺣣Ŷȥ
һ㲻ģСԼ˿ȫţˡһͷţŷĻɫһڣЦһ˵
ȻʦܵĻЩǹŷҪҲǺ⣬涼𣬿ľ磬ǶסˣȻ޷¶ȡҲĵֻЦݱ󣬹ŷȴһĨ⡣
ĿһۣͻȻջڣһ̤֮ϣȵŷȻϴ񣬷һı졣
ŷ˲һ


626 
ĴĿɿڴԵĻ֮һǵֲ˶೤ʱ䣬οУ塣
ŷıǣڷ֣ԼС󱲣Ȼ֮ǰѾѹŷ翴Ĺߵˡ
ôŷתЦ˵ĴдһỊ̃дŭ
ЦһҲ̤ȥһ⣬ס
úķ㵲𡣡ŷ˹һŽɫ潫֣ҵ
ҵֵʱǸӳԾˡǺȻĶһۣû뵽ŷⶼС
ǿصĻ棬ҵˣӵֻصǿߣȻɣǱҵҲһǳ鷳顣
뵽ǵɫЩ
ǵһ̤Ȼ׼Ǳȵ¶ȸŪɫͨ죬ϢЩҡ
ŷ簵ЦԵޱȣɣȻ£ΪoϷϴ֮ǿȹŷҲ˶٣ȻҲν
Ĵûôˣɫ죬Ա쳣ܡ
ΣԵ쳣̣Ҫ֪ǸղŻùŷΪУȥأڳȴǣһĴ
ǸϽ𺣣ȻĻᱻˡ˵ͷ԰ȥҲһ԰˹ȥ
ֻйŷͥһ㣬ǰȥĻ棬ڽһǿ
ֱ֮󣬹ŷ˲ľͷŷʱѾһˣѾﵽһ͵ĳ̶ȡ
Ǻð
ŷЦźǴкȴһڻ˳һϴ
ŷϲ˼ȴ͵֣ȴͣ˼Ҳǹġ˵һ֣һŻǲͣĶܣĴɫڣǴǸˣ⣬㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
Щܻˣ̫Եˣر𱻹ŷڣմȾһ˿ҵԣԵøӰԵɣе㶥ס
ŷű죬һ˳
˻𺣣ŷ˸ãȻ󲻺˼˵̫ˣҪζ̫ˡ
ɫڣܳԣһҲ̫˰ɡ
ǰһƬѩ׵磬Цˣŷ׽ԣô϶޷ּĻʱǲ¹ŷ粻Կͷ
ŷ翴Ĵ뷨һֱ̤ӽ˱ѩ硣
𾪵Уŷıеںϣһִ塣
ôܡ̲סֽȻͬȻںһ߸ʶ
ŷ絭һЦЩ֣Ƿߣһһ֮ںһģֻǱֵĲͬѡ
ǻ𣬻Ǳŷ絭˵ȴף֪ŷʲô˼
ǿǱǻһ
ͨ쳹صΪھϣ͹ŷ̫Զˡ
ŷ绤Ź࣬ٴǰУֻһΣŷûīǵһ嵽յ㡣ǰһƬ׵磬ȫ׵ɵĿռ䣬һ㡣
ŷûκ̫ͣͼǺȻУ˽ȥ
Ƕһۣһҧ˲ƽԼеĺ֮Ҳһͷ˽
ֻǸһ˲䣬Ǳ㱻УѪȻܵشĴǷһǰȥ׵磬̶ֳȵ׵磬˵źܴв
ȵ뿪Ӱ׵֮ԻŷϴһĨЦ뿪ķɫЩŪ
ղܵ׵ĹҲǹŷΪѧϰ׷Ǻܸ߼ףǿȣȻܹ׵硣
ǸǺ棬ǵҪʲôܸоûô򵥡ŷഫ
ͷĴʲôǿ϶Ϊʲôӥ۶Ŵء
ǸĴ󣬺ЦĿǣٴγһƬԪصС磬ȻٴγľԪص磬ֱ˺ۣų˳
һڰĹĻǵȥ·ܹĻϴľЩ֪ˣǵĲԶվһϵӰĴֵʱǸϵӰԵɫһ䡣


627 ı
ǲӥۡɫһ䣬ŷ紫
ǸϵӰȻǲӥۣĴư޽ʱǿĴڡû뵽Ȼûһ֮Դ
ǣҲѵ𣿡ӥ۴ɫѿĴϣ˿η塣
𷣣Ц֮ԴϹŴĽƣͨȻҲطҵûгɣⷢʵΪǻẦ棿ЦҲЦˣӥ۵г
ŷһۣȻè壬ǿıٴĿУŷѾ֪з⣬Ҫ档
ϵ¶һĨЦӥָЦС棬ڵġ
ǴЦ˵ҴûССǣֻҪţǾܹõ֮Դʱһس񣬵ʱҲ˵Ķ֡
ǵĴ㣬ŷǻȻԭҪģֹӥۣõ֮ԴԼҪõ֮Դ
ֻǹŷȴ֪ӥۣм䣬ʲôɫûżȥпܻΪʸ֮ġ
Ҫı棿ӥ۵һ

ǴЦɫĮڲӥ۵ϣЦΪǲ֪ӥĵӣҲǵģѾˣҳ֮ԴܣҲɱġ
Թ˭ȡպࡣӬ˵һԴǵı顣
ŷһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסһﾹȻʫ֪һܸĶóҲˡ
ĲɣٺõĲɣҲעҪˡǴЦ
׳գǱ˵ʫӥһäı鶢ǣҪӣжӡ
ҹ˭ʫ֪ҪˣǸ̳ߣѾһˣֵˡаЦɱʮ㡣
ӥ۱ɫɫѿغܣʥŮͨô䣬ѡ
ӥȻ֪ʵݣȻϵǳ
ҹʲôʥŮڣܹ֮Դɱ㣬Ȼ֮Դʱعʲôֵǣ֡Ǵһӿ񱩵ƣӥѹȥ
޿赲ĴκһˣܹͲӥһ֣һoҪâ
ŷһۣҲˡ
ӥ۱˻УҽһԡѪɳȥһըˡ
ͬʱŷǵĹҲĴϣŷӶħһӿȫħȻݺݵվ˶ʥϣֱӱ룬ŷҲ޴ķ֮ĴڿѪ
Уһȭһ޴ȭͷͣһСѹǺС
˼ҪƹĹơֻǸղȫ֣شӥۣʱﻹлֵ
ǿߺɳȥܵش
ŵĶŹŷˣܣôû
ΪҪϹͶıʣľˮ֮˲ղŹǵ׵磬ǻǵǾϹġЦŷɫг˽
ǾͨϵѹƣľˮִԪص˺ŷġ
ܣ飬ûܹԪصıʡŵ˵
׳գ֪չţΪʲôżңһʲôӵĴڣŷ̡
ɼ塣ɫ䣬ǣλҲһıɫ
ɹżңѪ죬˽ܣһÿһζսħʬһֲļ壬統УûԸǡ
ŷЦû˵ȴ϶˶ԷĲ²⡣
ǵһŷг˾֣ɼ壬ĽجΣǵĴڣ䣬Ѿˡ
ʦ֣ʲôõĵģǽɼĴΣĴɣǲֻˣʲôµģŭŷ˵Уɱ
ɱǣǳ֮Դıͻᱩ¶ʱĲǡʥҲڣɱʮ㡣
ӥ۷˹ŷ˲Ƕţսһ


628 սĴ
ŷɫأĴȻⴴսȴȻֲˣǵסԷֵġ
ŷǿԱ֮ӥۺ͹֣ȴδܹսùԷˡ
ǵʤ㣬Ϊ㡣ȻҲʶһ㣬ȫЦ
ǳȥŷ紫ȻǶˣֱ˹ȥ
޾Ԫش䣬Ĵɫ䣬һҧҲ˽ȥŷǾԲ뿪ĻǾˡ
治ǱѣϢһ͸¶ȥ
Ԫص磬ŷЦˣܹһֶΣӵޣǷˡ
ǳʱܵı޾ԪصĳֳصĸоѪڣһһѪ˳
ֵطǺ͹ŷ粻һֻƾʵӲһ˲ĴһҪ̵ʱڣɱŷ硣
ŷȥӥҲ˹ȥסǡʥֻȴסֱŷȥ
ŷЦܹ޾Ԫأǿһս磬ڶԷϣˡ
ɫϢɽһСɢױȵϣѹ䡣Ȼ𶼲ò䣬ɽɢſֲϢܵΣա
һڷ裬ͬϣԪ۵˴ײŷ𶯣ڱ졣
һλɣܵѹ󣬵ǹŷ޾壬ǿסһС
̺ɱԪصϢƣޱȣѹ
һɫͣ˻£ãã˸һƬռûսޱȼѡ
ڿѪһ˲ܵشȻޱҲܲסĹСУǹŷ֡
ɱ
ŷȣϹɱ٣ʮɫɳȥ嶼ըˡ
ŭ壬죬Ԫ磬ɱԪؽ÷ѡ
ô˵ҲǸɾĴڣķʱ죬硣
ûõģˡ
ŷЦһɽľͣɨȥͬѹһ㣬ѹһʵ˻Уը飬Ԫȴ𣬷춯صŭ
ɲٹŷûɱȻ屻׻٣Ϊ󽵣ȴԼûΣա
ɱҡԹŹŷ磬𶯣ַϣҪ
ŷɫ䣬վʮƣӵһִϡ
ĻЦһֱٻħ˹ȥ
ħɨϢʧħ򱬷һɾ춯صɷǿˡ
ˣħֱԪԪеԣͷ𣬻Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼɱһֵܡ
ŷ罫ĿԼ֮һȻԥıԵĶ𿪣·ȥ
ֻҪԪ磬ǾܹˣŷҲκˡ
Σǰסȥ·ŷͲ²⵽ǵͼǵȥ·סҪɱǡ
ŭɫŭͻǲѵѡ񣬷
Ȼӵ磬һжᱻ֪ȴûбİ취ˡ
׷
ŷ󺰣Ҫ׽ʣµȵ硣
һ·׷ɱԪ磬ǽ˲֪ٴεĴսʥ񱻻ɱվ˳ȥԹĿ˹ŷһۣȻ硣
ŷɫѿһӳȥˣ˵һ鷳
Ҫʱһ޴ɫצӳ֣˹ȥ¶ֵɫһˡ
ɫצһ°ըˣȴûзŭ¶һĨϲɫȫ˿ռ䣬˲ûȥ
ǸɫצǸռץһѣȴվûнץֻɫצ֮ȻһƬ硣
ˡŷüͷһһӳȥԺӣҪ鷳ˡ
ŷ磬֮ԴҪرգǳɡȥһĨء
ŷ˲⣬֮ԴȻҪرգʲô˼
¡¡һ죬Ǳһɾ˳ȥ羹Ȼʧǰǰ·ΪһƬߵĵط
ǿ϶кܶɻɣ֮ҰɡģȴһЦ⡣


629 
֮أֶ߻վһˣǲܶϽԴЦݡ
ŷǶһۣ֪п϶кܶԼ֪飬Ҳ˵ȴ˿ڡ
˵һҪллءЦ˵Ƿġ
ŷǸˣһûлԼʲô
Ҳ֪ĸһʵҵĶ֣ģֻû뵽мһ⣬ʧȥǣԲôûзңܵʲôʾҪ֮Դƻ޽磬ΪС˵һ⡣
ŷһ澹ȻǣϹŴӥɫȴ΢΢Щ㯣֪ʵݣȻ֪˵ĶͷǿƿֲĴڡ
ӦúúллǲŶԣ׼ʲôл񣿡ŷЦʵ
˹ŷһۣЦˣӦллǣǳ֣»ô򵥵ǣȻһȴҲûв˵ôлǰɡ
ӥɫЩ֣̿Ͻ˵Ӳҡ
ƲƲ죬ûпӥǽĿⶨڹŷ˵ϣҪлģʵǹŷˣڲӥĵӣȻӦðġ
ŷ翼һ£ЩΪѵ˵˰ɣҵҪȻ򵥣Ƕ˵̫ˣ˰ɡ
һӣ÷Ķͷϵ˼¡
˵ʲô飬ûҷġû˵ǲܶѾ֪˹ŷʽݣһһ
ȷŷ绹е㻳ɣǸ쳣ǷᣬڷУǷǳǷġ
ݺݵĴһڴͷֻһ˫ȴҪ˹ŷһ
ŷԥ˰죬ڿڣҰɣҪϳΪһɡ
ŷ⻰һ˵һ£ܶԼĿˮǺסˣǿ񾭲һĶŹŷ硣
ΪɣǶ컯ǽǿ߶ǺҪһ˴ɣֺķܳܵġ
ңǽŷǸ磬ҲڰںһΪô죬̫ˣ˼ɲ뽫һȺ̬ļһ׷
뵽ЦҰ첻㻻һɡ
ŷ̾һķļ˵˰ɣҲ֪һ
ǳӣȻϽãȴǳӣŷ⻰ʱ࣬һҧŭӲǲ㣬ҪˣˣȥǳΪɣҲδرмֵ
óһƬֱӵݸ˹ŷ硣
Ƭʱ򣬲ܶ۾ˣ˼ĶŷȻ˵һǳ˴ѪˣⶫȻøˡ
ҲҲãǸһȴãҲ֪ݣٺôЩᣬЦŷȴЩɻⶫôԼǣˡ
еƬȴ֪ôãһ㯵ӡ
㽫ƬѪȻ档ܶŷ磬ϾȻһĨпȻƬһö
ŷ绮ԼָͷһѪȥ
ƬͻȻֱӽŷѪսȥȻ󱬷һҫ۵ԣһɿֲϴ硣
޾δ֪֪ϴѣգҪ̽޽硣
ҹȥ
ܶͻȻһŭֱӽضЩޱȵϢضڰ
콩ʬܶ
һȵ˹š
޾ǰܶɹ춯صĴ飬벻֪ٽɴڴսղһýɴڶëĴڡ
ң޽ҵĵ̣˭ַܶŭһ㶼ЩɴӣǿޱȣЩɴڵ档
Ĭ˺ܳʱ䣬Щɴڵ˻أȻԲܶޱȼɵ
ʱǸƬͻȻԣȻ˹ŷУһѪĸоŷܵдϢ֪ǸƬʲôˡ
ƬȻһۣ֮󣬱ã䵽˹ŷС
׵Уʹ׵ֱȫħĵһױˡ
ڵĹŷ磬ȻɣҲ˵Լ϶򲻹ԷǶԷɱҲô򵥵ģٹŷŰ˲İգܹߡ
ʵʱĹŷ磬ݺµʵ½磬˵Լ
뵽ŷ˵лǰ
˰֣Це˵㲻лңΪ鷳ںء
ŷ绹ûзӦʱǱ㱻֮ش˳ȥ


630 뿪
һ޽磺ӽ𣬹ۣΪ޽֮Ƿϣһ˲份޽Զŵǹ´󺰣ʥ޽
ǲˣ඼Щ˼飬ûе޽֮Ұģֻǲ֪ΪʲôҪô
ܶҲ֮߳ŷ磬Ȼҡҡͷ
֪Ϊʲأŷ类ЩëֱвõҪˡ뵽ŷɫЩڡ
ܶʲô飬˵ɡɫÿֱ߹ŷ磬ֱˡ
ɱǣһиǵģرǹŷ硣ܶ˵ŷ۾ֱӾ͵ɴˡ
ܶеĸòϹŴɣ
֪ܶǿ˼һЦŵ˵ͷ
ŷֱһۣԼιȥıȽϺãһϹŴԼˣб
Ǹôüʵ֪ЩϹŴж£ųƽɴڣֻֿ磬ȻȫʢʱڣҲֻӡ
˳Ȼˣģŷ粻ô׹ҵģǺܶ˵ϣûг׳ɳʱ򣬲ֽɴڣ˽һܶڣɫЩȻ
ŷסˣϹŴ˭ܰԼˡ
ʶУûϹŴĶ֣ףҲУ̫Զˡ
ɼ壬ûеô򵥣ɼɨǧ磬ƾ죬Ͻͷɱ˸֣ȻҪúÿһ¡ܶЦ˵
ңһῴ䣬Ϊ㵲סЩϹŴ񡣡ܶ˵оһ
Լ徹Ȼôţƣŷֻһ£㷴Ӧˣô꣬ԼеѾЩ˽ˣûԼеô򵥣ʹܶ˵Լļ棬ɱϹŴ񣬹ŷ綼ˡ
ڲܶ˵ԼһŷЩˡ
㲻ˣҲ˵ģ֪ʱȻͻ֪֪ܶŷʲôֱӴ⡣
ŷƲƲ죬վûʳ
Сһ°ɣ󣬾뿪޽硣ܶ˹һۣЦ˵Ȼʧ˵ǰ
ɫЩȻΪŷҪ뿪ˣ˵ԲһϢȴʲôû˵Ϊ֪ŷ粻Լһ˵ģЩãǶǹŷΣΪԼԭ򣬶ùŷһ
ϹҪˡĵ˵
ŷ罫§УɫҲÿ߶Ůˣŷ粻֪ԼѡЩɳƵʵͲܺһȥ𣿡
彩һ£ȻЦӡ򿪣ԤһΣᷢкܶ಻ϵ鷢Ҳ뿪Ҫ̵ʱڣ޽ƿУʱ޽䡣
ŷһ֪ôΪԼΪŷ粻볾ܴѣһӡ޷޸ˣǿ߶ή٣һǶ֡
йƿס޽磬޽볾ˣлᣬס硣
뵽ŷıסǹ࣬ĵ˵Բίˡ
ίûж೤ʱ䣬ҼλΪͣҲҪΪҪ֪ӡƻû˾磬ԱûУϹȻվֻһˡȰŷ硣
ӵ˵Լл̫飬ҪԷߡ
֮󣬲֣ܶŷʲôû˵ֻڹϺݺݵһڣȻתܶ뿪
ѿһ϶ŷ̤ܶȥʧ޽統С
ճյŹŷ뿪ĵطɫįվһһҹջǻָ
˵ս⣬һ֮޽磬ӽҪΪԼ˶սˡ
෵۳ǣ˶ڻΪʱ࣬ȻΪ޽ˣ´۹˳ͬʱʮǿߣǹ˳
ʼ޽ĪҲӡ
ϹģΪ㣬޽ҲҪεС
֮أǳڲϣЦһȺ϶ǲڴֻҪڣ˭ܳɹɹżңı̬϶һϲģʱҿǻܸܲս죬Ӳ
˵Щ۾


631 ֮
һϵʱ򣬹ŷһʶ˳
Զһɫ򣬳ǰۼٴһΧĻŷˡ
ŷоԼЩȻѾɾ磬ȴû뵽Լܹ档
ȻڣȴûдȥŷʶϼûпͲֱܴܿ˵
ҲǹŴ˵е̫ǡܶɫһЩĦϵͻȻɫ쳣ӡ
ŷһܶıЩ֣ѵ֮䣬ʲôǣ
ǰסһӡܶĵ˵
ŷĻȵ˵˵϶𡣡
˹ŷһۣܶû˵ôûƷζ𣿡
ðɣŷʾԼ͹˲ܶ϶𶼿ϣеǸӣӦŸͷ
̫Ů𣿡ܶʵ
ŷ籾ЩνͻȻɴ۾̫Ů񣬴˵е֮ޣ֮ĸ˺ͣʲôЦ
ϴڿЦɣһڿˮŷ𾪵˵
û뵽ܶеӣȻ̫Ů˺͡
ˣȻ֪״治ڣǴЩ˵УϹŴһģеٮٮߡ
ִ֣ӹϣȻĲ䡣ܶЩʹ˵ûᣬֺñ˵Ϣȴùŷˡ
ģˣӲޣءŷǲνᶨڲܶӰ£Ȼ̲ס۴ޣһֳŵıˣһͬ
ŷ۴޵ӣܶȴ̲סЦ˳еıˣЦ˵ϧվûƣ̫ǡ
ʲô˭ƵŷˣһϹŴ񣬺ųƽɴڣвܶţȻҲ䣬ǵĶͷһǳǿ
ۿ
ܶݺݵ³һ֣ɱᴩ棬ֱϽ硣ϽнɴѣǴ
ܶҪ𣿡нɴڴ½磬𶯣ŷۿԶмŴը飬ʧС
ǽɴڵͷ˹ֲò½磬Ľ٣һŭ涼Ҫܣ˭ܹܣ
½ϣЩɴڵУ¸½С
ҪսǱսҿĻ˭ܶЦǿƻӦǸɴڱˣĽܶϽˣ»ᱻ֡
ϹһսѣܶĲ֮ʡʡĥλɴڣз
Ͻ粻˵ˣܶЦһɨĿɿڴĹŷһۣ˵ʵЩνĽɴڣҲûʲô˵ģҲһȺӲˡ
ĻǳֱӣϽͷŭվʾ
ŷɲôΪ콩ʬϹŴ񣬶ҲȻʸ˵ֻҲܶ޾£˭Ҳ֪Ϊﵽһʲô̶ȣǹŷȴΪʬͲʬ츳Ӧñκ˶Ҫá
ۿǴ˵˺͵ɷô˺ͣŷʵ漴֪ԼʴˣԼһƣⲻǹԼҲʹ
ȻĻ֮󣬲ܶɫܲվûз¶һĨЦⲻǵۿҰοѣµĻԣΪԣ˺ͣͬʱԼҲ˴ۡ
ˣŷ羪ȣһϹŴ䣬̫ھˡ
֪ܶȴҡͷ˵ҽܣ޼䣬ԶҲ·ȻΪϹŴ񣬲ҲֻƮ¶
ŷһ£µǸʱ򣬲𣬷һĥˣ¶ֻҪһ˼άļһ¶ܲסɡ
ˣ˵Ǹɨ˵ļһҴһæġܶ˵
ŷ羯ĶŲܶһֻҪԼ£Ϳ϶ûʲô¡
ŷһӣ̲ܶסЦû˵ʲô񣿡
˵ɣʲô飿ģһŷֻ˵Լģһû˵ģҲҪȥ
ܶ޾£Ȼˣüͷһ˵Ҫ껨
ʲô껨ŷ粻⣬û˵
Ҫл꣬껨һҪĲϣԱҪӵУ껨֮أ籾Դ֮ءܶ˸ž⣬ŷ͡


 һ


632 ץʹ
籾Դŷеɻ޽磬˵֮Դʲôʱһ籾Դ
ܶͷŷ͡
˵һأŷסˡ
ӡʧ֮գϲ籾ԴҲһ𣬵ʱֱӻ껨ŷҪǸʱΪܶᵽ껨
ԼֲǸãŷɻ
ףܶΪʲôԼ֣Ҫ֪ǹŷ֣Ҳδܹõ껨Ϊ̫ͣɾ磬˵龳ǿߣһɣŷҲһǶ֡
껨ұҪ֣ӡϢͬʱסϵϹŴ񡣡ܶٴ³һ˵Ϣ
ϣȻϹŴҲֲ̫ˡ
ֻֿǳ֮һϵϹŴǶɱһ磬־ĴڣȻС﷢ĩˡ
ŷüͷ֪ܶеĵģЦ˵Ҳ̫С磬ʵأȻΪĳЩԭúʵһЩƫǵȴܹ󵽵ģģϹŴҲ𲻵ġ
ܶĻΪ϶ڵ̫Զˣ֮飬ܱһЩϹŴҪ˽⣬ŷȻ˿ɣһвܶ仰Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҵΪŷ绹еɡûģ֪֮ǿߣűʤİգҪһɣû˿ˣܿĴڡ
ʱ䣬ԼΪ𣿡ܶһ׼ȷʱ䣬ùŷ۾һ
ʱ䣬Ϊһ̨ˣŷԿ϶ֻҪԼΪɾ磬ʱȻ޷ɣӵ׺ħκɣҲڲ֮ˡ
ŷ˵ͷǴӦ˲ܶ
ŷӦܶЦˣ˵УȥɣҪ
ŷ֪е˺ͣԹŷҲ飬ֱɹȥ
ʮǧ׵ľ룬ǰĹŷ˵ֱһ֣ڹŷȴ˿ξУһСʱʱ䣬ŷҪˡ
ŷҪʱȴһǰһֱ׷ȥǵٶȺܿ죬ŷٶȼӵ˼ޣǿס
ֻǵǵʵʱ򣬹ŷȴ̲סŴͣ⾹Ȼһɵ˵еUFO
İ˸٣Զڡһŷ㷢֣һȵԼ
һϽǸնȥʧڲãС
ŷԸоղǹڼ⣬Ȼǿ󣬵ǻ˺ԼһɣǾͲһˣϾ˭йŷǿġ
UFOһУٴηԼĹ
ùŷЩջˣֻǸ˭뵽ԷȻ˲Ѻãͣ
һŭҲûжˣֱһ˳ȥⱻ飬Ȼŷֱڷɵ棬ǸɵԶ
ŭӷɵзȻŷ㿴Ӱӷɵз˳ǱżԽ׵ᣬòӢޱȣʱŭĶŹŷ磬ǱҪһ
ʹ
ŷ羪ˣû뵽ɵеȻʹ
ѵʹʲôСˣڹŷԺתͷʱǼʹ˹һʥݺݵ䣬һɱڵӡ
ŷܹ⼸ʹΪѾɾ磬ǱȽǿˣϧΪͲ
һֵָʹеʥ飬ըһ⣬ʧС
ļʹ׵סˣû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿزȻһɾ磬һбɱһǿߣΪܹġ
ʹһۣתҪߡ
ŷһֻץһֳֻΣץ˻
ڹŷǰЩʹûߵʸһʹݺݵĶŹŷ磬ŭɶĶǿߣʹߣҪɱǣԭġ
ܵģ㲻ɱǣ⵽ĳͷġ

ʹһԣһŹŷ磬ùŷһЦ˳ڵʵҮͻһɣһɱԼͲġ
ŷץסʹʼѡ
ӱ죬⣬ǻش𣬻شĺãǻش𲻺ãǶҪŷ˵һɱڵӣüʹֱӱˡǿĶŹŷ磬ϣ⣬ȽϺûش


633 ص
ڹŷĸĥ֮£֪ԼҪ֪ļ⡣
ʹڵĵطһС磬Զһ򣬵ȻԶǸϵ˵ģԹŷʵҪﵽǸҪȫϰꡣ
ҮͻΪʲôڵϣԭܼ򵥣ػߣֻҪΪǸˣܽ٣⵽ĻɱҮͻΪȻɵľ磬ȴǸػߵĶ֡
һ⣬ǹսϢ·˵սսҮͻձҮͻɱˣǴӼʹĿУŷõϢȴȫһ
սûбϵɱǻϵۣ̤գ֪ȥȥˡõϢŷһ䣬ǹżеһգֻҪûǾһ¡
ڹսȥˣŷ绳ɣԼҵ棬ȥϽ磬ˣԹżô꣬ȴҲϢ
Щ⣬ŷ㽫ʹˣϾץסǣҲûʲôôǼʹٺҲڵ̷ͣ˲ãС
ŷŽٶȿ쵽˼飬һ̤Ѿ˵棬һСɽվСɽϢı飬Ȼܲסŷ罵𶯡
ŵЩǵϢŷȴһеĸоطȻ칬ΰ޽£ȴļңһȴĵط
̽ŷŷ֣ԼĵطȻŷޣ¶һĨЦݣǸԼѣȥкˡ
ڽ̻ʵλϣµʱ䣬ѾȫԼ̻ʵλùˣͻǰľ磬ﵽǿߵĳ̶ȡ
һͣĽҪȥʥҮΪǸˣѾڳˣϵʹߣǸ˻ڵ£ҲҪˡ
Լ£ȴûз֣һ˳Զù
˺ܳʱ䣬ڷ˲ԣȻתͷŷʱ¶һĨɫȻû뵽ŷͻȻԼǰ
죬ô㣬㲻뿪˵𣿡̲סû뵽ԼղŻŷ磬Էͻˡ
»֣ŷںǰı仯ʵ̫ˣǰԹŷʱ򣬻Լܹܵľ磬ǴʱԹŷ磬ȴоԼһ
ԣǼСʹܸôѹо
ˣɫ첻𾪵ʵ
֪ǿͻˣͻΪ˵еˣڹŷı֣òֲ²⡣
ŷ̲ס̾²ΪһǿߣȻһ۾ͿԼˡ
¿Цһ֪ԼûʥӵĿˣΪŷˡ𾳽ʱ򣬱ôǿսڳˣ¾ǸʹǹŷĶ֣һĺ
ʲôµʵ¹ŷԼ鷳ġ
ŵӣŷ絭һЦЦ˵ûʲô飬ֻǻصʱ򣬽ٵĵطŷޣԱ죬ӣ̫ӭҡ
ŷĻаŻӭأȴϽ˵е£Ȼʮֻӭġ
ˣ֪˵ѣҲ㣬ټˡŷƲƲ죬֪ҪỶӭԼǲءתߣһ̤ʧڴС
Źŷ뿪ıӰסˣûз֣ŷô뿪ġףʱŷľ磬²Լܹ²ˡ
ͻȻһɣԼĻǵõ̻ʵλãֵҪ˾δҪȨйŷʵҲܹ
ͻȻ䣬¾ãԼķ򣬺һֱߴˡѾزͷˣǴҲҪһֱȥ
ŷصĵʱЩ̤׺Уȥ˼µʱ䣬ʱİ׺Ѿʢˣŷ紩һֵ·˺ܶ˵ע⡣
û̻ؼңſڣŷ練һֽӵĸоָоһЩãȻЩ֪롣
ǹŷ磿һϲ𣬹ŷתһ˲Ǳˣ壬ʱŹŷ磬۾ŵ㾧Ө
ŷſ˻ЦݣȵԼĻС
ùŷƵǣֻ΢΢һ£Ȼֱת෴ķȥӾȻˡ
ŷƵӣû취ֻ׷ȥҪ֪ҲµŮ֮һɲܵˡ
һĸ첲ס壬ŷĶ˵ɵѾͷˣ


634 Ү
ȴ۾һ˿Өǿ˵ֲʲôˣƾʲô뿪ôʱ䣬û֪ͨҰɡ
ŷһ㶣ʱˣֻ֪ͨ˼ѾϵŮȴû뵽ҲӦ֪ͨġ
뵽⣬еΣǸ˵Բ𣬵ߵ̫æˡ
ŷ֪ǻԣȴĻԡҲֻ岻ģŷӴŮ̫ˣǳ˽Ů˼
Ҫ˵ԼһӶԭġ
ŷĻһ㶣ȻС˲٣漴Цѵ绰֪𣿡
ȥǸطûźšŷЦ
ʲôЦ칬޽д绰ûôͰɡ
ȻʱҲŷ֣ŷ紩һֵ·ǹŴķװֻĸطȻָء
ѵŷǴԽˣͷ漴ҡͷʧЦǶС˵飬ôġ
֪ǣŷȷʵǴԽˣǱԽԼϹȥġ
ðɣԭˡȻлеȴԭ¹ŷˡ
ŷ¶һĨϲɫͻȻϺݺݵһڣɫͨ죬ûİ˹ŷһۣһ޵ӡ
Ҫ˰Сţһ˼̬ת뿪Զһ·רȥ
ŷЩ⣬ѵСҪ·
·ô֣ǻһװɡ忴˹ŷһۣû˵
ԭǸԼ·ŷЦЦͻȻʶԼûǮЩ˼˵ûǮ
ɴ۾˼ĶŹŷ磬ȻҲûǮʱ뵽̲סЦ˳
Ҫ֪׺й٣ȻȵûǮ·ʱ򣬿»ᾪһص۾
Ǯŷ͵Ц
ŷһȲѣҲֻһСˡȥ֮ѡһ·帶ǮʱǷԱС񣬲㽫ŷ
ŷᱼлǵһôˡ
ǸȻȥɣҲؼңѧУټŷЩȵ˵
ɫĵĶŹŷ磬ɫһ˲Ȼǲǲңдŵ㾧Өֱӹŷ磬һҪ˵ı顣
ôأŷЦãŮʲôء
ڸշ٣㲻֪ѧУҿǲҪҡ岻˵ŷ֪ԭЦãû뵽ھȻѾ١
ʱ죬ڹŷĸоУҲһĹ򡣲ڼ䣬Ҳ̫飬̫ɱ
˹ȥŷס֣ᶨ˵Ҵһؼҡ
һ㶣׹ŷ˼СˣȴǷǳᶨĵ˵ͷŹŷ磬С
У˽ȥʱ򣬹ŷ緢ֻ֣һˣϣһӣʱڸӲ顣
ŷֵʱǻһ̾ˣվŷ˹ȥ
ϹˡҲûŮӣ͸޾˼ίź˹ŷĻС
ţһˡŷ籧ޣܵʵĽͷһƬȣҲԵЩȥ˴꣬ڻǻˡ
뵽ѾõЩɰŮǣŷһθУϲá
վڹŷ壬һĻȴû˿ʵı֣׹ŷһظˣһӵйŷ磬Ϊʵ֤ǲܵģֻϣԺŷܹԴŮһԴԼͿˡ
ǵĺӣŷ翴еĺӵʱЩһѪĸоļ䣬Կ϶ԼѪ
ǵ˵ͷֻɫȴû˿ĵӣЩǡ
ŷüͷһ壬֪Լ֪鷢ˣǣҪԼ׷ʲô顣
ӳ⡣ǿЦ˵
ŷͷһ֪Үת˵еʥӣżҵѪһ𣬿϶ᷢҵĶԿżѪңǱϾĺӣ̫Сˡ
뵽ŷӹӣ̽ڡ
ŷСʶܵһӴʥϢһ飬ŷ֪ҮյϢǸڱ飬ȻҮˡ
ͷŭǰչȥżѪʶᱻѹƣȻΪżѪȴҮͻǱߵˡ
ǹŷģżѪ¡
뵽ŷ¶һĨЦ
ǵľУͻȻԼһεɫıѪ뺢ӵڣŷһֻ֣УȻ뺢ӵڣѪеڹŷ£ǴʥϢȥ
һΣУǸڱ龪ѣŭȣ˭Ҵңһ˳Ϣǹŷȴ˿һףӴľѪԣֱӽǸʥϢΧסˡ
ʲôôǿǸ˲š
ҹżѪ⣬Ӧ뵽㲻ҪҾ㳹Сŷںӵʶһϵף飬¶ɫ
֪ãԷʵ̫ǿˣתȻǿ󣬵ֵȣȴ̫ˡ
㲻ҪңȻĻһֱӳӵʶʱϹo·ҲȲҮ
ԡ
ŷ粻м𣬳˰ֱӶ֣󣬽ǹʥϢ𶯣ʼ
ҮҽУ˻ʥϢԼͻȴ岻ŷƿء
Ү֪Լˣȴ˲ʣŷͷһĨˮѪǲͣĽԼĶӵУΪṩ
սӵʶŷȻҴ⣬һСģ˺Լӵʶ¹ŷĶˡ
ڹŷŬ£ҮڶסˣధùŷŷȴļԥҮ
һӴʥϢڹŷеС棬ʥϢ͵ģͨԣԵģһ⣬ǹŷѪ
ӷŻط䣬ŷһ˿ֹѪɫȴЩ԰סղ̫ѪʹʣеŲסˡ
Ϲû°ɣǵǵʵŷôѪ溦¹ŷʲô⡣
ҲǵŹŷ磬һĵģ
ŷҡҡͷ¶һĨЦݣû£ҲûˣǸҮ飬ˣӵѪʥϴ跥ǣԺ׵ĸ
̫ˡ¶޸Цա
ۣϹˡһϲŨױĨȴ׵ȸ˹һ˽˹ŷĻС
ȸнٻáĪС¡ȡӣȴΨĪСŷȴҲûѯʣԼŮˣʲôģĻĪСǶѾԼˡ


635 С
漴һŮˣͶ˹ŷĻУȴûһֱռŹŷ磬ֻͶһᣬ뿪ˡΪ֪нãҲڴϹĻ
ŷ磬κһ˵ģڴҵġ
ŷҲЩ§סһ߾ߵĽ΢΢Ĳ֪Լ˵ЩʲôˣΪʵ̫ˡ
ϹڻˡٻһͶŷĻУģһ˼ܿ죬ٻҲӹŷĻгЦӯӯ˵ϹǸˣȥԴ͡
á
ٻĻõһµͬ
ȵǸߴңŷѾڵˣҸиˡֻһ壬վԵЩ޴ӡнãŷһĨӡ
ٻҲˣߵߣһס壬Цӯӯ˵û뵽Ǽһ㶼ƭˣһ֪أӽ쿪ʼǵĽˡ
ߺ죬ϽֽͣʦˣҺ͹ŷ֮ûʲôġæƲϵΪֱڣҲ֪Լòü˵ǰԼһţڼŷЩŮ֮žʧˡ
ǰЩŮˣÿһò绨ϵһǿ˲֪١
ʲôҲģŷɴὫûйϵŮٻЦˣ֪ٻ˼
ЩܲˣŷЦ˵ȥԶɣˣСأ
һ飬ʦһȥȥˡĪС»ش𣬲û¶̫ĵı飬ĪСǺԼʦһȥŷҲˣĪСʦʵû˱ȹŷ˽ˣϣЩĸֳûмܹӮĪСʦ
Թŷ̷˵ģкԼŮ˳ȥԷ
һȺ˺ƺƵ뿪˺ü뿪·ϵ˿ĿɿڴһĽı顣
ժ¥ģȴû뵽ﾹȻǹŷĲҵ쳣𺳡
ժ¥ûпɫСǣҲȥȥˡֻжһ˳֣ʱ䲻ӳˣΪҲﵽһ磬Ͻγһϣǳڴһܸߵλϣܹӵеơ
ŷʱ򣬶˵ļӵ˺ܳʱ䣬ֱ˶ܲˣɿԷȻ̲סЦ
ֵܣҲνֵ壬Ů֮ĸȫһ
һٷȻŮǧùŷȽͻȥȻٻؼҡŷԼЩŮ˵˼ижų͡
ܳĬŷôŮ֮еĬˡ
ЩŮһô㣬ȣԼеĽˣ˵һԱ
壬ԸҵŮ𣿡ŷƳĬֱ׵е㲻֪롣
ʱ䣬ƽЦ˵ѾôŮˣαػҪء
Ļŷ絭һЦҲԸϲŮˡ
ǻģǲΡһ䣬ڹŷĻشǲ
ͷŷûзϣȴû˿εɫֻǷһ䣺Ҹ𣿡
ĬˣܹԵĴӼŮ˵ϣҸĳɷ֡ԣҸģһ˾òҸķʽõҸָоܹ죬ȴʵš
׹ŷ˼ֻҪҸͿˣҪôֻȴԼ
ŷȻҲĴˣЦһˣҲˣȵͨˣٸҴ𰸰ɡ
Ҳ˵ͷȷʵûд𰸣˵ҪӦŷɣȴԼǸ˵ӦɣԼȴΪԸ
˹ŷĻһ㽫Ժ˵
͵Уŷ뿪ıӰҡͷЦЦת뿪
صг֮⣬ڡŷȻʶʲôٺһЦڽЩУһķ䡣
ҹߡ
ڶŷ𴲵ʱѾˣͬʱĪС´ŷһõϢǾĪСˡ
ôܣСǺǰһôܳ£ŷüоЩ˼顣
Ҳ֪ղĪĽӵһţСȶţҲ֪ˡĪС½ֻݸŷ硣
ŷſֻĶţֻм򵥵ĸ֣㣬ҡ
ȻĪСʲôɿأԲֻܴæķĸ֣ûġ
ȥŷʵ
Ӣ


636 
ŷŻؼһ죬뼸Ůһкֱ뿪
ûɻһ̤ɽӵˣñӢˡo٣޼ɵLDɨֱLD
ŷмɪߵȴùŷЩɻ󣬾Ȼǰ˹һLDйŷûҵĪСϢŷ籾뿪гһϤ׵ʱ򣬹ŷʧ
粺죬һȦĴƼҵŮˣŷû뵽Ȼ׶ҿ粺ڵĴ̫á
һĿ׳粺ƽЦһɫԵӣ˭֪Ҫʲô
粺춼ˣû뵽ǰųĴƼңȻףԼͲΪ̸ʲôƣΪ˵õԼ塣
粺ûκηҧŴԺгһףǸ϶ܾԼ
ֻǣ֪һж룬׺й٣Ѿдʱ䣬ûдϢˣͲԷܹԼ
ǰӰһ粺ͻȻɴ۾һ꣬ЦݵԼ
ǸˣҲоԣ͵תһ˳Լķʱ򣬶ʱһ
һ⣬ʵ㵽˭ʲôˣȻõǻԲĺ
֮УΪǲˣǲ֪ǲµĶ֣ŷ絭ʵ
Լݱŷƣ˾һµ֮ɫ¶һĨ־壺˭
ڵںڰУǿ񼶵ģǰʶ»˲õĸ֡
ҵ֣Ӧûҽйŷ硣ŷ絭˵ûݵıҪڵʵ԰䣬Щ˵е񼶸ֳ
񼶸֣ŷǲˣܶԼѰ껨Ȼ񼶸֣Լֵġ
ŷһǸֱһ£ڵϣıˣŷ»ҪãҶ֪ǻɱ·ǿߣҾʵǿ󣬳Խ¡
ˣԲǡ
ɷǣȴԼǰССˣһ㶼˳
ϼһĨЦݣ˿ЦʲôԸ˵ˣֻҪģһȥ
ʶңŷ絹Щˡ
Ӵˣ󲿷ֶĸ֣벻Լʲôʱôˡȴû뵽ԼΣһβǾ춯صģҪǱ˲֪ء
˸Ͻͷ˵еĶɷǣܲʶ
֪һιʲô𣿡СʵʱѾȫ粺ˣΪ粺첻ֻһͨˣôܽŷء
֪ǣ粺ԭ򣬹ŷ绹Ĳ
ָָ粺죬ŷЦ˵ץѣ۸˵ʲô飿
Ǹֱ˫һڵϣһ˳ҴˣҰɡһҵӣ粺쿴Ŀɿڴ⻹Ǹ߳Ƶļһڹŷǰ΢ļֱͬһһ㡣
㣬ÿ𣿡ŷЦҪ֣ɱ˶Է
粺ǿѣ۸ԼѵļһŷһŲġ
ܵŷɱǸͻȻڣ㲻ɱңҪɱңԶҲŮˡ
ŷסˣȻб۵ľ⣬˵ϣһǿѹ֣ŷʵ֪
Ǹ˱ŷƣһѹˣѪԵ쳣ң¶ɫ˵Ǹ˵
ŷʵֲ̫ˣľԼʱҲûиܵϡ
粺һ߿һͷЦõغŷ磬ס֣ˣܸʲô
ŷѹʱŷԼһ£˵Էֻһոպ;߲ˣǿߣҲ˵˻
ϽջƣʱǸ˲źݺݵĳһֵŹŷ磬ղһ˲һĸоˡ
ŷ罫ĿٴηԼϣǸ˸Ͻ˵㲻ˣ˵ȫ˵
Ȼղŵľ£ùŷٱȣ㽫Լ֪Ķȫ˵˳
ŷҲףΪʲôڵ£ĪСȻˣΪֵ̫ǿˡ


637 
Ȼеˣ˵ʼ棬һΪɵǿߣֲʵ޷Է
ŷѯʡ

ʵĻشڹŷǰûκθС˼뷨
Թŷ磬һָоöԷԼ񣬶Ҫǿ
ʣŷüͷ֪ʲôطʳڣ˸Ͻڣҵʵ֪𣿡
ŷ簵ԼͿһﲻ磬֪ڡ
һָ磬Էιȥŷ翴һһ㯵粺죬ʵǸߣԼ뿪
Ҹ㡣粺ʱӦһӶ뿪ŷߣֻ˵ߣȫġ
뵽Էֻһɾļһŷ絹Ҳν粺죬˵ͷһס粺죬Ȼ뿪
ٴγ֣ǾȻһ棬ͷŵ֮粺̲סŴ͡
Ϊϳ˶ԷǸͽΪĴ˵ˣû뵽ŷ罫Լ
͢ڽһδ飬Ҫڰ֣նһŷͻȻֵʱ˶¶ŭɫǴǳ⣬û뵽˸Ҵ
ҪԹŷ綯֣һϽվס֡
Щֵˣ˲ֹסϵĶʱ򣬲ϳŷ磬ʱ̲סһ£û뵽·ļһȻͻȻǴѾȥ칬
ŷ磬ʲô¿Цÿһιŷ֣һľĸоܾһͲʲô顣
ŷû±飬üͷʵôȥ
ͨôʣ¿϶˵ɱˣǹŷôʣȻҪŷɱȴ֪ԼһĻһܻܿᱩŭŷɫҲŷڵ飬ǳá
ԥһ£Цȥ֮ǰܸܲңҪȥʲô
ҵŮ˺ʦץˣҪǾȻͬʱǸƨ񡣡ŷ˵ɱݺᡣ
һ㶣ȵ˵ĪСŮˣ
뵽˸ղ飬ʱ³ŷ˵Ů˭ˡ
ŷͷ֮³˹ŷĻ˼һ£ſڵʵһ򣬵òһһռ䣬ҿԸ꣬Ҫ˺ѿռ䣬ȥҪһ䣬֮һǿߣаնԸһ𣿡
¿ŷ磬ǿߣʵ̫ңԶˣųסڣɲʱǿߡ
ССŮܵʲô˺ĻһƷġŷһ⣬ھʸ˵ֻ
ڵʵȻɣǾԿԿ⼸£ǿߣŷűʤġ
˻µһ𾪵Źŷ磬ڷŹŷĻóһԼŵĽۣǾڵĹŷ磬Դǿߡ
ֻǣ뿪ʱ䣬ĻôĽǸ£Ӧţȴһֱܸŷ˵ġ
ʱ䣬һ𣬵ԴǿߣԼΡ
վ˹ŷĻΪòţŷܲƷ֪϶ƷԼĽ͢
뵽¸˹ŷꡣ
֪ʱ򣬹ŷ翴һ粺죬üͷʵعô
粺һ£Ȼҡͷһѱסŷĸ첲˵Ҫ㡣
ŷ㲻ϺãҲ鷳粺Ļ˵ֱ˺ѿռ䣬ûȥ
һĳ粺ǰʱȻ죬Ҳ̲ס˳ȻǱŵˡ
͢еһǿߣĿɿڴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿزֱ˺ѿռ䣬ѵͬԼ˵ģǿߣĶ֡
뵽ڣͷһ⡣
ǾãԼȷʵǵ͹˹ŷ硣
ŷǳһİʱ粺ɴ۾еĵȫһɽˮõĲˣзޣﻨ㣬һƬ԰
ŷ磬ЩˣΪеĻٺãҲòȥڿȴˣеĻҪõöˡ
粺ܵһСǰСժ˹ȻЦ˵ǵôоһ
ŷЦЦ֪ôش粺Ļʱһ׹粺˹ȥŷһһΣ粺ǰ
׹ײ˹ŷϣһɾùŷһԿ϶粺ıײˣһһѪġ
ŷһץǵ׹ץסˣſһߣ쳣䣬粺죬ڹŷţȻݺݵҧŷֱۡ
粺Ȼû뵽ͻȻ֮ᷢıʣ߼ҧϹŷ磬Ͻ󺰵Ҫ
ŷЦã߸Ƥҧƣõģ粺ĹģǺõġ
ŷһȥȻ󱻹ŷӵһߣȻĲˡ
û°ɣ粺쵣ĵʵͻȻеˣԼڸŷһ׸ȻǼ䲻顣
ŷҡҡͷ粺ɫȻµʲôЦ˵õģڿʼֻҪ뿪ҵߣͲΣգǧסǵȻҽͿ϶кܶΣա

粺ƴĵ˵ͷڴ뿪ŷˡ˹סŷĸ첲һ˳ӵСϱģ
ŷ̾Ϣһ֪Լһծ
һǣֱϷУַĸо粺켫˷ܣû뵽Լһ죬Ȼܹз衣
ŷ񣬸ӵĺˣһһˣǿأȻܹ˵еĵܹϷУһеһУ˼ͬʱúõĽ˵ģȥ̽Ѱжܡ
üһһġ粺ԼС˼еʱ򣬹ŷͻȻһȻ粺𾪵Уһͷ޴ķݣ߳˹
һСɽһ㣬ɢſֲƣëͬһѰѵһ㣬˸Ӳĺ⡣
һͷֲ֣ڽɾ磬ȺܶɾҪǿΪһƬİ
粺챻ŵĻʱҲûֱõ뷨ˡ
٣Уֹ޵ģȻҲֻ粺Լ뷨ˣŷȴ֪˵еãеһˣЩޣӦٲ˵ġ
ŷȴһ㶼ģ̧֣һ޴İƳΣҲͬСɽ㣬ͷֲķȷ˳ȥ
ͷݾŭӣû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿزͲǶ֡˽ɾΪͷݵǣһ˲תҪߣΪ֪ԼǹŷĶ֡
һŷЦòһͷǵôܻŹԷ


638 ȳĪС
ΪӥڵУھԵǿߣڽɾ磬ƽʱаԵȴû뵽쾹ȻһɷǣͲǶԷĶ֡
ŷһһֻƣӥץ˻ӥȴûãŷƿס޷ѡ
һ־ԵѹƣӥףǰɾļһʵʵֲˣԶԶǶ֡
ʶһ㣬ӥ粺쾪ȵУһΣȻһòŮӡ
ŷ綼Щȣû뵽ݣȻһֻĸġ
㵽˭ΪʲôҪץңӥŭʣ۵ɵԲһŭı顣
ŷʧЦǶȸ״ȹԼģȴ˵Լץˡŷúϻֻǵ˵һ飬ֻҪңҾͷ뿪
ʲô飿ŷĻӥûзɾ裬ӾĶŹŷ磬ǹŷҪʲô񼫵һ
΢΢üͷŷ˴ӥһۣһӴϣһɫҲڷ
־ĿŹŷ磬ҲʲôС˼ˣŷǳǿ󣬳󡣶ҺƢǳ꣬ɲļһ
뵽ӥʵҧ촽ʵ֪ʲô
ңʲôطŷɫ䣬һ⡣
ӥɴ۾Щȵ˵Ҫ鷳۾ˣһ˷ܵı飬ôһֻı֡
ŷͷ˼ӥʶ񣬶ҺܿĵˣȻԼҪʱֱġ
粺ǺĴŴӥû뵽һͻȻһСǴ˵еͦÿġ
㲻ֻ֪Ҫˡŷɫƽֻȴɢһϣôӥһִĸо
ԥһ£ſ˵û⣬ҴȥӦңҽĵطʱ뿪
û⣬ҪûκáŷĮȻ˵
ŷһӵӣôӥֱҧȴҷֻаŷ硣
ӥһߺߵӣ粺쵹еˣԥһ£ǿ˵λСã㲻ҪʵŷǺˣֻҪ㲻Ͳ۸ġ
˭СãӥһӾͻˣҪ֪Ȼʮ꣬ʵ䣬ȴѾǧˣȻôɽǿߡ
ȴһʮ࣬Сãʱˡ
粺챻ӥһϽһץסŷĸ첲廹΢ֻһˣܹסӥɷ
ŷüͷһ壬ֱһڴӥԴϣû˵׼۸ҵѡ
ӥһ㱻ŷȥŷӦȴҲ粺췢ŭˡ
粺췴е㲻ˣСŷ˵㲻ҪʵҲãҲӦýСõġ
ȻҲӦˣ֪Է֣ô϶Լ֮ϣӥΪСãȻǲʵġ
ŷЦãͬʱ粺һµʶһɫĴӥο粺죺㲻ҪѾͷԼҴһ㹥İɡ
粺ŷֻ§Źŷĸ첲ˣʱʶǰСãʵࡣ
һޣһ·Уʱ䣬ԽˮǧɽʮһԱͣ
һϵĳǳأ죬ħħԵüΪͿֲͬһһ㡣
һͷļһߣصĺʦѪһЩħ壬г֡
ǳص֣Х³ǣӥ߹ŷ磬ڵĳС
ŷͷֲɨǳأʱĪСڵأͬʱŷ粺ʧһ̣ٴγ֣߸ˣĪС
ʱĪСˣŷӦǾϲŹŷ磬û뵽ŷ羹ȻоԼ
ĪСǼ˽˹ŷĻУϺݺݵһȻ¶ҸЦݡ
ĪСЦݣ֪Ϊʲô粺Щµûţôϣڹŷ绳е˲ĪСԼ
ֻǣ粺ףҪ͹ŷһ𣬲һ׵飬ΪòڹŷŮǰûκơ
ϹˣһΪҲءĪСЩµ˵ץ˵ľˣΪԼɣȴû뵽ŷ羹ȻҵԼˡ
ͬʱŷߵŮһˣԽԽϤ


639 Ϳ
ĪСһͻȻ˵ϹҵĽҽĪС
Լ֣ȴûеõӦеĻӦ
粺ͨ죬˹ŷһ֮û˵ӥǺݺݵĵĪСһۣŭ˵ʲôǸ߹Ĵӥһ壬һܹϵġ
̬߰ǸŷУӥ⵽˳ͷŷһԹϱԴ棬ʹһ
㡭ҪŷĮȻ񣬴ӥȴʲô˵ˣֹֻ
ʵһ㡣ŷĵ˴ӥһۣʱĪСףŮԲԼϹҵŮˣԼŮˣŷǷǳġ
Ŀת粺죬粺ҲϽ֣ĪСС㣬ˣҺ͹ŷûйϵֻһѶѡ
ĪС֪Լ´ˣҲʧһס粺֣Ц˵ǽҪעˣϹǷǳĵģôƯСѳֲסŶ
粺ɫһ죬û˵ֻǿ˹ŷһۣɫ΢΢ЩԹϣŷѳֲס
ĪС˼ʱ粺ԹŷӦ˼ֻǿŷӣȻûн⵹ĪСЩˡ
Ҳ˵ֻ粺С֣ʱҲڷӦüͷһХ³УȻ˵ŷ磬ڸϽ뿪ɣñͿ֣ʱ鷳ʹˡ
Ϳ˭ŷʵ
ǸƨͿͷ㵣ĵǶģͿԲ̬Ķ֣İɡӥƲƲ죬һмı顣
Ϳʵ࣬ǹŷĶ֣׾ٵץסͿȻҲǹŷĶ֡
ʱĴӥ𾪵˵ԣΪҿ͸һ
ӥɽİӥ߰˵ȻԼݷǳԺ
ӥһ˵΢΢һŵĶŴӥӥ˼ҲǱȽģԵİĴڣȴû뵽ȻĳԼǰ
ֻҲˣӥǷǳɵŷ磬˵Ǿ¹ŷ硣Ǽ䲻ͬѰģֻһͣǾǹŷʵѾ˴ӥŻ֡
뵽ֿܣ𾪣ٴδŷ磬ȴԼͿŷΪֻܹоɢ޾ϢһߵĴӥҪǿ
ҪŷȷϵʱһХХ³Ǳǿ߳˳ŷɱ˹
ͷһˣǿ׳ȫһģɫͷ磬ƳҪһ
ΪǿĴڣƣħ죬ɢһְ
֣ɫ䣬Ҳܹŷ絽ʲôʵˣҪ뿪
нɾʵһô֣ǴӥҲĶ֡
һסŷ磬Ҫ뿪ŷȴ˿δЦ˵ʦİɣһȺ߹۸ҵŮˣǡ
ŷһֱһɻԼջص䣬˶ԼŮˣܹ̣ǲɱ񣬹ŷԼġ
ʱˣѾŷΧסˣ¶Цг˳ȻҲŷĻȴ⣬һɾļһԲǿߵĶ֡
עˣҪǴӥУֻдӥԼĶ֣ܹԼв
ӥǸСӳ𣿡˵ɫ쳣Į
ӥС¶һĨЦмĿһȴʲôû˵ӥ֪ҪùˣɷǣҪһƤڹŷֶΣӥıסˣ֪Լܹǿߡ
ӥԼЦĸˣŴӥ˵ҪΪҾͲҶ㣬һץħ棬Ҫħӡ
ӥһɵƵ񣬶һ̫Ϊ˰ɣԼʲôʱ˵ǰŷǵġ
ȻӥڼԿҪ֪ƽʱͿͷһͷĺûᣬλŹ
һֱעڴӥϣŷЦˣ˵ԭνֻһɵưֻ۾Ǹҳģǰɣһǡ
ŹŷĻһǿϢ齵٣˹ŷߵ֮⣬еǿߣȥֻǿʮɣȻĶŹŷ磬֪Լһǳˡ


640 һаħ
ŷ糬ǿ˵ϣһҪȥ
ԼԲǹŷĶ֣һתͻȻһХתܡٶȺܿ죬ƿռ䣬˲ϰ
ŷɫĮһָϰҽһһѪ˲һС
ŷһУ˻ֻǴʱѾˣѪģֻһ˫ұɫ۾ڹŷϣ˾֡
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿ󣬳ԼߵĻᶼûУЦ֮ǰΪӥǰŷģڿԼȻɵơ
ĪСŴŹŷ磬ɫгţû뵽ŷʵȻǿز񣬶Ķ֣һжӲס
Ӷϣŷ絭˵˵ǵģ˰ɡ
ЦȻŷʵԼпɬΪԼһȴû뵽ȻǵôֲĴڡ
ͻȻһɺ嫵ϢЯһɿֲɱƹħ죬о񼴽һ
ŷüͷһ壬ʱ֪һһǿߡ
޾壬һĻ粺Уڴӥŷȴûȥ
ħˡϲĴһԼоˡ
ŷҲʵҪɱ񣬷ַӾͿԣǶǸνħˣһȤڶԷϢУһϤĸо
Ȼǹŷʶġ
·û뵽Ҳˡŷ絭˵˲Ǳˣ·ʮֻչضסˡ
ɢ޾Ϣޱߣ·һһ㣬ֲ˼㡣ŷ緢֣·Ϊȷʵܸߣﵽļ£ɾ
һֲǿߣȻͬȼҪսܣǹŷ޾壬սԺɨһ֮µǿߣȻɣҲܹ롣
·ȻҲϳŷ磬¶һĨ죺ŷ磬û뵽㾹Ȼ˵ڳ䣬޷κ㣬ǵҵĵ̣ˡ
˵ĺĲһϵ飬Źŷˡ
·ŷ粻һߣȻΪô죬ЩȣȴΪŷܹвԼ
ħˣսó㣬֣һжŲס·֪࣬ŷΪʵ̫ƭˡ
Ϳһָо·һֱĴĻҪԴġ
·ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼû뵽ŷ羹ȻսһлͿҲľ磬ȴͿ߳һ󾳽磬Ҫͻƣɵˡ
ʶһ㣬·ɫ΢΢أЦżұ壬ȻǺܿϧңŷȻ죬Ҳˡ
ŷƲƲ죬ǲмûзϻֱһȭ
񻪳죬â͸·ħΧһУ·һƬռı飬˺ɳȥѪ
˼ĶŹŷ磬ڿһ
·û뵽ŷ羹ȻǿزһȭشҲ˰ɣ
ɣͷŷȻΪһսȴԿҪˣˣǶ֡
Щͷ·תܣһħ涼ҪˡŷҲû뵽һ߰·ȻԼһȭʹˣȵӦʱ·Ѿˡ
ǿߣٶȿĲ˼飬ȻŷͨͨҲԽлЩյĶ˶ţХ³ڵĵȥһԨ
ǹŷʱܣƿֲ
ͿһֵۣУŷһƳ˹ȥͿ屬飬ڷ꣬ɻˡ
ӥĿɿڴп֪Լǵ͹˹ŷ磬Թŷս¾ħҲ˰ɡ
ŷĿԼһϽ˵Ҫʲôһµӣùŷ翴ĺЦӥȻһǿߣԸȴһСŮǿɰء
ҪˣҪСһ㣬Ҫ·ҵһˡŷ綣һ£Ͼʹӥ֮䣬ûʲôޣҶԷԼҵХ³ǣ˵ԼĶء
ӥͷϽ˵һİɣҼڵлһЩӵģҶҡ
Ļŷ˵ͷ˺ѿռ䣬ֱ뿪
ŷ뿪ӥһһʧХ³ǣͷĵط˻ȥ


641 ϵۺ
Ȼصʱ򣬼һ㷢ﾹȻǰ׺Уǳֵĵطժ¥¥
ŷг𺳣û뵽Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ŷ羹Ȼͱôˣһа·ˣսǴȥԾ춯ˡ
ĪСҲǳݵĶŹŷ磬йŷԽԽˣҲԽŷ·Ȼ飬ԼϹ޵е
밮еŮˣΪ㣬һһ㶼ĪСϣá
粺죬ɫ临ӣղžһУͬһ㣬һεĸо֪ⲻΡ
һֱãŷ粻һˣڲ֪ԼĲ²⣬ôķǳŷһɸǿ󣬴˵е·Ϊǿħ֮һȻסŷһУǺεȾ磬޷
Լ粺컹еĵģڣȴһĶûˡĿĴΣò绨ΣһԳΪǰʲôǡ
ңŷ绹ôŮˣÿһ㡣
ս㣬ʲôĪСʵ
粺ǿһЦʲôû˵ֻɫЩɬ
ŷ翴һۣβ֪粺˼Ҳû˵ƣֻǵһЦȻ˵ȥɡ
Ǵ¥ȥʱ򣬷ԱǶЩȣǸûпŷʲôʱġ
ȻҲû˸ȥʹŷǡ
粺ߣŷѯĪСǣʲôԭ򣬵˲Żǳ֡΢΢ԥһ£³һ޴ܡ
ȻǶˣȴһݣʥӣȻһõת
񣿴û˵顣ŷЩȣĪСҲһû뵽ԼʦȻһݡ
ŷĻ岢ûоȣֻǿЦ˵ԭõ飬ϵռȻɱˣΪĶӣһսӳһ˿飬Ͷ̥תűӡ
ΪʲôҪץأŷЩȣ˵ӦץŶԣ˵ĵˣѣΪϵ۵ͷӦֲŶԣӦðɳȻһԸϵۣΪùŷЩ⡣
¶һĨЦϵ۾һˣֻһͨͺڰѡ
˻һŷ綼ˣϵۺȻͬһˣħ֣ʵÿһԼ
ϢǴȥˣȻҲû˻ţϵۺȻͬһˣϢǵ߸Եġ
ŷüͷ΢΢壬ͻȻ¶һĨ𾪵ɫվЦ֪ϵҪʲôˡ
ĪСŹŷ磬֪Ļ϶Ǿġ
ŷ˵ԹͺڰŪˣҪΪռ֮ϵۺľ磬ӦУҪۼ񣬳ɾ񡣡
Ҳ𾪵վŷĻһ֪˵ľпܵģϵΪɲ⣬һֻɵľ磬ȴȻסϵۣϵۻɱˡ
˵ϵ۵ɵľ磬ǳǱȻ顣
Ǹһۼô֮³ӲԶˡ嵹һɫЩ粻
ŷȴǴЦο壬ûеôףȻۼô֮ǾԲڶʱ֮ڳ񣬷İɡ
⻰˵ķǳģŷʶҪٵְ֮Բϵ̶̵ܹļǧܹ꣬ۼɹġ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôŷôģ廹һϵ۳ûбĻˡ
ŷ翴һ壬״̬Щ֣ΪԳΪˣֻȴǱʲôסһ޷ͻơ
岻ȫϣֲãҰһѡŷһ̱֢ˡ
꣬ǺһԵģ뻪˲ͬתΪˣ岻ȫһ޷˾硣
ŷĻоϲŹŷ磬ŷ羹Ȼܽ⡣
һĵ񣬹ŷְסͷ­Уʼ塣
ŷڣ׵Ľһ˿ųƣϳһӴƣ˹ŷһۣûж˵ʲôת뿪Ӵȥ뿪ժ¥
ŷ֪һƹصĵطȥˣҪɾˣȻɢǿƣȻδػһףƻȴժ¥ܹܵġ
һһĿɿڴĪСŷһѽ§Уţǻؼˡ


642 ټ
ŷ罫ĪСؼ֮еŮ˶ڼУĪСһ
ЩŮһ𣬸õùŷ綼Щȣ֮侹ȻһԴ׵ıֶûУ׽һĺг
ȻҲǹŷҪģҪǺ󹬲ȣͷȽϺã뵽ŷ̲סɵЦ˳
ŮֵĿһۣȻֱ
׺ѧһŮ鷳꣬߸żһĵӣС죬һ䲻Ըı顣
Էɣ˵׺иժ¥ǳ㵽Էɡһ÷ǳ͵ȴǳɾֻвʱĿ⣬ȴ֪Բһö
ʲô¸õĵطҪҲҪȥ¸˵ǲһõǸߴӢֻһֱһְǿϵһ
ɫŭݺݵĶˣû˵ǲҪˣҶѾˣѡ
ߣһֱǹƤҩһ˦˦
һһԲ˺úõĽѵһ٣ʵǱĹǺ
ͱƭˣ֪ûѡ
԰ôʱҶûмһΣ϶ƭǵģ㲻ϲظһ⣬ϾĸŮϲС㿴ٶ𣬳ָߴӢ䰡һЦ˵мĿ˱ظһۣĵ⡣
̫֡ظŭСļɻ䡣
ˣһ漴סˡһӰ֣ڲԶ΢Цǹŷ硣
ŷרģߵˣ˵ŷҲ֪ʲô飬˹˴㵵Уһѽ§С
ҸЦˣֿô죬֪ԼǶôϲԷ
һˡŷЦ˵һֹֻһСǣĸĶ˵
ɫ죬˵ͷͷڹŷĻС
ӵţҪ뿪
ظȴ̲סˣԼ׷ôʱŮˣȻ˵汧ˣ˼ֱҪץĳ嶯
Ƕһֱۣӵǰ
ǣе˰ɣظ˵ֻСı飬һɱԶûС
ȾָģϽҲڣɫĮǰ졣
ŷɻĿһۣŵͷʵ׳˭
ɫһ䣬͵ЦҲʶЩǾңˡ
Ŷ֪ˡŷһģָָˣɫһ䣺ûУŮ˵ʶǣڣ̣Ͼ͸ҹҶ㲻
ŷĻظ費ŭЦָŹŷ粻м˵СӣôҲѵ㻹Ҵңʮӣ㶼ҡ
ŷ絰ˣĵһظ裬ŷֻ֣ǾԲС
ڹŷ翴׳յУŷһƳϣֱӹ˳ȥظļڸϽ˹
飡
죬ڶ˳ȥڲԶǿŷ𾪣Ҫ֪ǿɲһˣǶߣڹŷǰȴһжס
ʱסŷ׶ʱֲԣСӺ̫ǣֱ˿һηĶŹŷ硣
ŷ翴һۣҲúƽϣڵľ磬۸ЩˣʵЩûˡ
Цݵ뿪ѧУСϣʱһԼܵһ
ʵӦһģΪԭֱڲЯֶС
ܿģΪڵȵԼҪˡ
ŷ磬ȥɡͻȻŷ˵һ䡣
ŷװûӣɻʵȥʲô
˫ͨ죬ֻظһ飬ֻǴʱĲӶˡ˼þãľһһŹŷˡ
Ȼ֪ǣŷʵҲûдŹ
ʵˡŷ绵Цʱ֪ŷǶģ̲סһ˫Сŷ˹ȥ
ŷʱ죬ӿˡ
㻹۸ҲС졣
ƵĴϣ彻ţͷԼļ飬ǽԭʼɶ˯˹ȥŷȴɫ΢΢һ·˳ȥ
̤նУ׷⣬Զ˹ȥ
Ũħѵħеǿߣŷ΢ӡƻĲˣʱ䣬᳹ʧżǿߴԽһô˾ȵ顣


643 ާħ
һ׷һڣܿɵ˼ԶĵطһƬɳĮվŷҲڿ˵ĳࡣ
ǰһˣа죬һ˫۾ȻѪɫģһѪɫսףȻһЫƵβ͡
һˣǹŷ˳ֻڳΪȴùŷһܹܵڵĳɾΪ
ǰȣǿ˺ֹһ򱶣˵սΪѾԽ˹ŷ硣
ާħ㻹ӵɫ䣬ϴһɱȻִҪɱާħˡ
СҺԩ޳ΪҪһֱ׷ɱңûкͳΪе˼㲻Ҫ̫֡ާħŭ׷ɱ˰£̲סͣҪͳһսˡ
ާħĻı䣬ŭ˵ʱ䣬һɱʮˣȫʳˣ
ŷףΪʲôôɱʮާħУԸ
ާħȴҲһŭӣЩ˲Ƿϣҳ쾭飬ƾʲôҶ֣
ãŷҲˣһûʶԼĴħУԵˣһ飬ȴˣﲻħ磬ǳ䡣
˵ֻɫӱ䣬ֱާħɱ˹һ⽣֣˸һ䣬ִĽᴩأ
ާħŭ𣺡㲻Ҫҡ
ڱŭˣսڷ⣬ѪһûˣгһǹֱӶס˽
֮ײ⻪䣬·ٵһ㣬ӿһƬռû
й⻪ţһ£Ӷ⽣»죬ʮާħˡ
ާħɫܵǿԽܿܲǶԷĶ֡к˸ǹ趯ɽ֮ƣŷȴܹ׵ķ֣ާħѾߵͼ
ħ졣ާħͻȻһһֺգɢ޾ħɫˣĿռ䣬ѣһӴһгһαɫһҪشˡ
ާħˣһڹӴħǷǳΪ㣬һ֮ʵ̫޴ˣǱĽ֡
һҪ׷ȥɲĿާħʧҪ֪һާħʧУ˿ɾҪˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷ˳һֱֻ֣ӽѾϰ֮ާħץ˻ŷһַ⣬ȻҪާħ
ҪާħŭӣܵвֵŹŷ磬Ȼû뵽һôǿĴڸԼ
ŷʱҲЩȣû뵽ŷ羹ȻԼާħģһЦɱһ񼫡
ŷͷϱһŴ۵Ĺâֱӽާħˡ
ާħʧؼ䡣
ŷЦתͷþòˡ
һתЦ˵ȷʵþòˣû뵽ûж೤ʱ䣬㾹ȻѾﵽɾ磬ҿս½ǿ߶Ķ֡
ŷûзϳĻЦ˵ާħôģΪô£
ŷĺܺ棬ŷĻһЦ˵һô⣬ôش㣬ǻһطȥİɡ
ŷҲǣһסʧٳֵʱѾժ¥ˡ
ˣִŲƵֶΣҪ磬ܹʹǿ߶޷
һǵ͹ˡЦ˵ΪԼΪѾﵽɵľ磬Ѿ͹ŷĲԶˣڿһԸ뷨ŷ֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽˡ
Եɺ֮£İˣûеôŷѵǫ顣
ƲƲ죬ûзԣȴ֪ŷȷʵǫˣʵԳԼ
ŷ֪ͨԱΪһζȻһУ̸
ӳĻУŷ֪ӡĽЩռǿߣв˽˳䡣
ҲΪʲôΪﵽ˽Уȴܹ볾ԭ֮һ
ާħ֮һֻΪ̫޼ɵˣǿߣ޼ɵĳűϵġ
ӳĿУŷҲ֪Щȥ칬ǿ߻ع֮󣬲ûлصԵפأǳһˣЩǿߡ


644 ֤
ŷеԾصزҪˣЩǿߣŷ֪ˣеĸҪء
Щǿߣٶγһˣ⳾ǿߣȻûбģĳͻȴΪʱԶˡ
ŷüͷ壬ֱӷſ̽׺УóĽһʮϢЩڶʵʵࡣ
һħһͨ˻ɱȫľѪ
ŷһͻȻʧٴγֵʱϴһɱ⡣
ܱĵطô׺Уһ˶Ұŷɫ䣬쳣ǿơ
û⣬˽ŷԸ񣬾Щ˵еħͬ˿ãǹż˵ķ
ôе˷ܵʵ֪ŷ϶Ҫ춯ص顣
ŷ¶һĨЦݣŴ⣬˵׺еǿߣһ֤Ȼ׼ڰ׺УһĻһԳֻɱǡ
ǲܰġЦãû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ
ĻŷȴЦˣͬⲻͬⲢûʲôҪΪҪôˣ˭Ҳͬ⣬Ǿ͹Ȼ
ŷɱľ޷ҡ
伴󶯵վɱֹ֤꣬棬ŷڰ׺еĶֻһʼֻҪɹ֮󣬾ͻкܶЧ¡
ЩǿߣжһأֻҪǶðͷġ
ŷףǿʵ٣ֻǴ󶼰ʵɳǺӣǹŷȴ֪ʵʵһ㶼
Ÿҵһ֣Ϊ󶯡ΪﵽһĲΣܶ˾׵ЩСԹԴΪأʱڸѹ֮£Щǿ߲֡
ã֧㡣Ц˵
˶һۣܹԷеɱ⡣
ŷصƵʱѾ賿ˣڴһᣬ˹
ȥˣԼ۾ʵ
Ѿѹȴŷ磬ȴûеģΪ֪ŷΪˣԼӦ飬Ż뿪ġ
һѣȥһ¡ŷЦ˵ḧһ㷢ĳ硣
˵ͷûʣ˵ֻҪŷϲԼˣ֮䣬ôʱ䣬Ҷ໥˽⣬໥Ǩܹͣһˡ
ҪʲôѯʣһĨڴҪˣ֪Լ͹ŷ顣
Ȼǲ˼˵ģùŷڡ
ŷһ£ȻЦؼһ˰ɡ
жʱϲĹâ˵ġ
ŷͷȻģ֪ԼŮҪʲôֻһǳ򵥵飬ŷȻʧ
Եúܼ˵ĵ˵ͷȻһѱסŷ磬ݺݵһڡ
һ˵㷹ȥ׼ȻǱ˶ȥļˡ֪ŷߵһʱĳԱȫ쳣ϲڵĹŷ磬ѾǰˣΪһϣܹߣһŮռ˵һǳֵø˵顣
ļˣŷһ֤뿪ҲǼΪĵģСѾͷŷ翪ʼǶϲǺĸоȴı䣬ڻϲѾͷ
ȥϢͬʱǣһεʱ䣬Ҫ̫ȥǿٶɼǿߣһϵĻǶ֡
ҲֻȸΪﵽϾ磬ʵһЩͨˡƸǴȻһ˿Ϣ
ļŮˣҲǿ߾ˣһǿߣǺϣԽŮˣھȻҲǿ߾磬ĳĪСѾﵽǿ֮⣬ھ硣
ǰѾһСˣȴһˣУҲֻͬһ㡣
ǾȣرǣǾֳȻ֪һЩصĹһ֣ЩģڿҺûôȻĻڽǶһˡ
ڸô죿ȸʵо׺˺ܶǿߣϢа죬֪Էݣڲףԭǿߡ
ԣеġ
ŷǺǿڸǿǰȴһϾŷʱ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
ȸ֪ǣԹŷڵʵĶ֣Ҳֻиǿĸ֣ܹѹǿߣǹŷĶ֡
ܼ򵥣ҵĵ̣Ҫҵģߣɱ⡣ŷƽ˵еǿƣɵӶܹ
ڳļŮжǵˣǷĵΪŷоԺ
׺дϢǿߣժ¥ȡ֤뿪׺Уߣɱ⣬ɱߣɱ⡣
ϢһȥĴ𶯣˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһǵںеǿս𾪡
𣿡˾ȴ쳣ʹ죬ǿȻԽ٣ȴǿߣϵһЩǲ
ֻһЩӵйϵĴеɣܹͦ޾Щˡ
ǷˣŷģܹɹҲڱɣͬľٶĳǵĵ̣ݲЩһҰҲɫһԾԾԵӡ
һֻûǸ׺йٵĴ˵ҵҪһ£һܹжô졣һýɫ꣬վһöϣ˵
ߣһ˶ѣΪԼܿҵҵҪʲôɱҡһһɫս׵ӣ絶֮з
ǿߣӦһ󲿷ֶǳм
ŷȻڳܴ󣬵ǲУǶɰĴڣΪԼܸӳ䡣
ֻȴˣڳļξѻЩ콾ǵǿߣնɱһɾвɾĳ֡
ЩȻǿ󣬵ǽɾǿߣȴ࣬˵Ǻ٣ֻм𼸸Ķɾһ֡
ǲ˽ŷʵעҪԴġ
ʱ䣬ܿȥˣûһǰŷժ¥ʱȴЦˡ׺УһƬУѹֵϢͨ˶о
һ̣ŷ綯ˣһ̤ٴγֵʱǸɫս׵ߣڶԷУŷһư
һ죬ֱӱ飬ڷ궼ŷˣ
ɱ¾ʼŷƾ죬ɱ׺С
ǿ߶ܵˣɫ֪д鷳ˣŷǿĳǵ󣬸ͲǹŷĶ֡


645 䱬
׺Уǿߣȫɱֻɾǿ˳ȥջǱŷ׷ϣȻɱǰ
һǿߣȫ
ôֲĴڣǴûǿߡΪûǿߣڿͲеҪֲĶࡣ
Ҳǿ߲ȴҳ֡
ڳǿߣһѪڣŷֶǼٸоЩǿߵĹˣǸǿġ
ǽȺ˵浱ǳûˣ䡣һڵӵܣǴʱȴ޼ɵŷ磬ڵĵǣҲ֣ͬ뷨
ϾǱϾǳˣܵЩǿ۸ܹ֮۸ѹЩǿߣҲһҫС
䲻˵ͬĶǲһǸʱҲһվһĻˣ˵Լ
ɱĺãϧС书УĻȻҪѧ٣ɱǿߡһСУΪߣ磬Ǵʱȴ壬̸Źŷ硣
ŷд𣬵Ǵʱȴ˿⣬Ϊ˴վ˳
ŹŷվǿɣڷԼĺ
䵱䵱ɽǿߣȫҪȥǳ죬ȻɱִͬһѪͬʱ׼ҡħѪħĳɽͬ
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ֪ǿվùŷ綼ˣкܶɣֻڴ˵гֹȴû뵽Ȼʱ򣬶ڳˡ
ǿ߲ܿ챻ɱǽǿ߶һгλϺУңɣɱˡ
ͬʱ䵱߳ǰǿߣһϵˣ̫ɨȻǿ߶ɵС
׼д֣һ书뻯ƵʮֱӺһޡ
ħѪħоħ֣ɱʮǿߣǿƵĲǵɲ⣬ȻǿߣҲŲһС
ԾĵĶʵ̫ˣǿʵ̫ˣеĹⳬȻǿߣĿɿڴз뵽Լǰ򶫷ƣֱð亹֪ϵĻĲʵ̫ǿˣǿĶǡ
һЩǿʵҲвϵ˹⣬ʱⳬȻ磬˾޴ĳĳȻ磬һ󼦷ɹֱһЩ˵еĴڳ棬ƽϢ𵴡
ͬʱ뷨֣ǿߣڻĴΪģǱ֮
ϼһ֮䣬ȴ·һŹһɢҫ۵âȻǿߡϵϢ˶ܵһӴѹо
֪䲻򵥣ǿƣֻƽʱѣһӣܶʵˣʹһЩײ֮ΪʱҲС±ץ
ģһƽС
ŷ磬ȴûΪϴ뷨Ƕں͹ŷһҪ顣
ȫѧ䡣Ľ飬ȴҪùŷ統У
ŷֱӾܾʲôЦԼ飬ûнأУǲܵ顣
ԹŷԸҲԼܵʲУ
ٺͳϴһۣǾ֪ŷķӦҲ׼ˣŷǲУҲС
̬쳣ᶨŷеˣȻڷٺͳϴ󲻸ŵУֱӽǱһ١
֮󣬿׵ˣŷЦˣˬˡ
ϴӦ˰ɡٺͳϴƵ˵ٵһʵһʱڽܿ죬ԼҪ̤˾磬ϴǿֲʱ򣬹ŷ֪ΪȻһɡ
Ҳֲǳϴȴһ֮ţȻɣǹŷ֪һĻȻǿߣҪ˱ܡ
ŵص㣬зɣܹԼߵĴڡ
ҲڵĹŷ磬Ȼᣬû
ΪʲôҪҴӦŷü֪˾Բ뷨ģжȻбĿǡ
һۣɳϴ˵ΪֵżЩˣҲ˭ǾԷ㣬ǽѧУҪͨ䣬ҪǽЩˣѧĵʦߵ̨ǰͨ˵ǰ
һŷ˲µԭ


646 Ϊ
ŷµԭ˶ʱһ
һ佫칬ħĽΪһ磬ʱĴ֡һ־޴ĸı䣬ִ˵Ҳһִѡ
ֻ£һˣԻִ⡣Ҳ䣬ᱻĽʳ
£Ҫı䣬⿿ǿߵ޷ıʲôģ䶼ǿʢ
ѧУΪĿġ
ŷĬһᣬſ˵û⣬Уҵˣһ飬ԼҾԲκϡ
ŷĻһϲǲںŷκϻǲκϣֻҪŷУͿˡҪ֮ڹŷеżԺѧԺˣһżһڶе
û⣬ѧУ棬ӵһеľȨҲñ˹ѧУҲԼѧУһ㡣ϴЦ˵ŷһǽĵδˣǧصȻѣʱҲɵЩɫ
Ŀһۣŷٴεͷ
ǳͬˣϴͷٴϲ뿪ʼְһ顣ǰߵĴڣԸһ֪ȴһˣһʱԵĿɲߣħǲǰԤ룬Ļ׵ġ
ǻģҵĳȻǿߣѾ֪ͨǳ֧ЩȻǿߵľûκΰ취ġ
ִʹǺЩɾǿ˵ҲûһвǱһ·Ǳܡ
ŷ罫ϢŮ˵ʱǶ¶ȵɫرǣһĻɶĿֻš
ǵۻ߸磬һã뱩ҵС
пܣһЩа̳˷ˣĹȡ뵽֪ԼҪ׼
ֱ뿪ȥ֣һж֪ͨȥ
󣬳ϴŷ磬ǰǡŷһ֪ĺϷˣһε飬Ի磬޴ĸı䡣
ŷûгɻһ̤ɽӵתֱǣ˳ھǵܲ
ŷڳϴķʱ򣬳ϴһǹŷʱһ
СӵʵԽԽǿˣŶһʱ䣬ˣǿߣҲ˰ɡȷʵе̾ռŷʱʵ糽еһˣŹ˶೤ʱ䣬ŷʵˣеǿߡ
Ҷѣʲôʱз᣿ŷѵõǫһ£Ȼʵ
죬һҪ׼һ㣬ͨչָңô֪ѧУУǵػ񡣡ϴЦ˵
һҪŷƳȥΪĵ
ϴĻŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ҫ׼Уһһľϲġ
ϴ׹ŷĻҲ֪ŷ϶ʲô⣬ģԽԽģûĵİǣġ
һᣬϴŷһ˳ȥʱ򣬹ŷֱӸһӵ
ʱûΪ𾳽磬ǿ߶˺ܶ࣬ùŷüڳнȣЩ⡣
ŷɫʱû˵еٶȣѾǺܿˣΪôװ˭һ̬ġ
Ц͹ŷ֮һҶûУûΪŷΪʲôη
ֵܣҪ־η
ŷҲЦˣȻκ˷ı䣬Щֵܶᷢı䡣
ΪʵǸСܶˣһѰɡŷٺһЦͻȻһڳԴ档
һӴû볽Уֱӽȫľ忪ˣȻʼǿ;
ŷԼľ磬볽У򣬵ǲǿó򣬶ο־磬ԼĶ
𾪵УΪڼܿ𾳽磬ﵽǿУϢޱȣһ㶼ûΪ־粻ȵ
ﵽǿ֮󣬳ΪܿﵽϾ磬ʱ򣬾ϴŷж˾ˣֱӽ˵ΪϾ磬Ҳܹ쵽ҪŷԷΪʱ򣬻Էľ磬ˡҳϴ󻹷֣ŷûֵĴ㡣
ѵҪΪֱɾ
ûŹŷܹ쵽ϴҲһƾ޷ǿд˳ɾΪһɱ䣬ʵı仯ò


647 
ڴʱŷȴһǾȵľٶԼָͷһ˿ڣһɫѪ䣬ӴʥϢڳ˶һ
Ѫû볽Уһɴ巢ҵı仯һ˿֮Ȼ˵ľ硣
һӴѹ˱ɫٵŷֱӽ˾磬ŭ죬⵽صļʡ
ʱ򣬹ŷſԼ֣һ죬ʧ˵ǰͣУ쳤Х𶯣﷭ݣҪһ㡣
޾˸һݺᣬɢŻԵϢȻǳϴ󶼸ܵһѹ֪ӦĻԼһܹ
ǹŷȴ˿⣬ͻȻſһƱ븹У𶯣֮㽫
һֱ۲ŷ綯ĳϴԾŴͣо˼飬ƶܹɣ޷
뵽꣬Լڽ棬İϴһҪײǽĳ嶯
˽ƣŷصܲʱҲ۾ɹڴڻеĳϴϣֱӽɳȥ
ϴͷ˻ûܵʲô˺ֻԵ쳣Ǳ
ŷ̲סЦȴһ˳ԼϴϣܹԭԼ
һӣϴЦһҲû˵뷨ˣϾڳѾΪɼˣôҪһӲǡ
ֵܣһľϲһѱסŷ磬ĵ˵
ŷһǿнΪɾڵĳ˵ĲˣȻĻԼı죬֪ܹء
ҳܹоŷȻǿԼΪȴûһ㾳粻ȵĸоͨ泩ֻҪٹһʱ䣬ںһΪΪ
ͨ컯һǿ߶ŷ˺ֶܶΣԼľѪ忰ѪⱦҩÿһξѪӵж컯Ĺܡ
೽еȵĶŹŷ磬ڿһɮ⣬ùŷһЩ˿ԼղŵľٶԲŻ˱ֵġ
пЦԼղһʱ̫Ȼˡ
ŷװûпЩ˵ϴ˵óԷûУˡӣ˱ӲѣҪ֪Թŷľ磬ѾҪԷˣ˵ˡ
ϴҲоѣҲ֪ŷ˼Լɮ⣬Ҳ͹ŷһֵġ
뵽ϴеһЩ뷨Ц˵߰ɣȥһõط
츮Ϊ߶˵ʳƽʱһЩͣҲطһ˸֪
ܽ츮ˣھǶӵһĵλģھ˵ϻ
ϴʱԸоΧĿ˾ηžǻΪֲ֯άеĺƽҶһЩԱɱȨ
һԽĻеĴ󲿷֪ǵݣȻǾη˼㡣
Ȼ˵е飬ûгǿƣǸһĴڡ
ϴû뵽ڿ¶ˡһ𣬳ϴ¶һĨЦ
ŷתһһᣬڳϴϣ̺ſֲɱ⡣
ҲϴЦ
Τ˾ȻǴ˵Ǹһǿߣǰŷ϶е𾪣粻һȻܹȻҲֻɾ磬ȳϴ󻹵ء
һˣǳϴĶ֣ǹŷĶ֡
ƽһ㶼ûΪͷκβ
Τɫ䣬Ц˵㲻Ҫϴǽһսˣ뿪ԯӢӮˣԺҲǵǰ
˻һŷ¶ȵɫû뵽˵ĳͻԭ򣬾ȻΪԯӢ
ɫЦڹŷĶ߽͵ΤҲϲԯӢйϵ
ŷʱˣһĨЦݣǰһĻ֡
Τȴ˳Ļһ⣬˹ȥһӴɷó˼Ѫڡ
ŷüͷһ壬ŭΤ·ʵ̫ԵˣֱҪˣΪ˾磬ʱ¶ˡ
뵽ŷֱվ˳ָΤ˵ڸҴǸҶ㲻
Τ˼ĶŹŷ磬ЦЦһһɾȻ˵ҪѵԼǲˡ


648 ھ
ŷվ˳ϴҲɫһ䣬ɲŷͲͻȻԸ꣬ȴһǿߣŷˣϴ󲻺ԯӢ
뵽Ͻ˵Τˣû㷢ĵطҪĻӢʱҵҪô͡
ΤɫһŭȴҲĳΤеĸоȻԯӢ֪Լҳϴ
ݺݵĿ˳ϴһֹۣһ䣬ת뿪
ŷɫȴÿһ۳ϴû˵˭ģҸղŻҪǰˣһﻹܲôء
˻һڳ˶ͷ϶ðһ˿亹йŷ·뺷ǼʶˡֻΪһ飬Ҫһǿߣⲻһı뺷ˡ
ϴǳ鴤һ£ԼղΤˣȻĻһԻᱻеġŷԸһŲܶԷ˭ء
һУʽĲɫ˶ŷ羴ƣЩˮڹŷǿУɲκӰ죬ֱӶˣùŷеЦá
ֻгϴѣſһصĳˣɫͨ죬ʵ̫ˣԼһȺ˾Ȼûкȹһˡ
ҳȥ͸͸ŷ˵һ䣬ʧڷУٴγֵʱ򣬱ѾھǵĴϡ
ûзͻȻһһǹŷľˣڵľ磬ǲñעԼʵ̫ˡ
ǰΧһţùŷЩȣûжͬͨһ㼷˹ȥҪ֪ʲô顣
ùŷ羪ȵǣһϤĸ˹û뵽Ȼˡ
ĲǱˣȻ
һ󣬾Ҫ뿪ȴһȻȺӵĻ£ǹŷ绹Ƿǳˡ
üͷһ壬ȻҪ֣Է»ᷢҾ硣
ڴʱ˳̨Ȼ˹ȥһƿӣ˶֪Ҫʲô顣
Ⱥ鼤ܣŷȴģѾöע⣬óŽ飬Ϊһ׼
Թŷֱӳ˵ľз̨˽ƿеĶ˹ȥʱ򣬹ŷˣһ⣬һĻסЩҺ塣
Ȼŷһһֱۣļһ˳ȥڲԶ֪
һĻ˶סˣֳһƬ֣˶ˣ컯֮£ıֱ֣ȵӰе书ҪԼ֪ԼҲԼһ˼Ĵڡ
һţֹŷ̨֮ƽҲûһšŷȻԼǺЦվŷ޾塣
ŷȻҲˣһЦȻһסֱ֣ӳգ뿪
ֳ·ֹһ󱬷춯صľԼǰƿշȥ߸ǵ֪ʵ̫ˡ
һöϵʱҲһû뵽Լһ쾹ȻзУԼеǸ˾Ȼǹŷ磬һжһֲʵĸо
찡ҲΰɡСѾͷԺ˵
ŷһСԴЦʵ۲
ۣԼԴЩί˵
ǾͲˡŷЦ˵û뵽Ѿͷôɰһء
ŷĻͻȻЦˣֱ˽ŷĻУĽߵ˵ϲ㣬Ѿˣ֮ǰͰˡ
֪ŷɫƽ
һ۾ɫƵĶŹŷ磺Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˼ҡС죬һӡ
㳤òУԲûн㣬ڿ˿ǿܹܰɡŷ绵Ц˵
ŷĻ۾һɣŭĵŹŷ磬һŮӣ޷ܱ˵ԼòС
Ҫ磬ŷȴͻȻһѽ˼з裬̼ͣ۾ԼĻУһСèһı֡
һɰŮӣŷа뵽
շ˺ܳʱ䣬ֱǲŻصǣŷ罫˻ȥ
ŷ綣˴绰ѯô£͸߶ԷҲ֪Ϣ֪ôˡ
Ȼ׹ŷʲô˼ǵ˵ͷŹŷĻ
ͻȥŷصţϴһ棬ɫŷ˵ǺԵ֪°ȻҲŮˡ
ŷ΢΢һЦ᳽ϴЦʵҽô
ϴһЦһ¹ŷļЩĵ˵üˣнһ̵棬˵Ƿǳкôģû뵽㾹Ȼһʵ̫ˡ
ŷ絭Ц֪Ľ


649 
ҹýˣ鷢֮м߶ҵҪĿ֪һЩ顣
˹ŷķԸֻǸЩý壬Ȼ˸ýϢ˶ʶԲһӢ۾
̤նȥܶ뵽ǣǹŷ硣
ʶҲ̤նȥֻǴΪõĵߣԲûôȣȴһĿзȥ
Υ˿ѧ߸ǵۡܶ˾Լܲ˽磬̨ǽ̸ۡ
ܶרҽڳ֮ÿѧ飬ֻǺܿ˵֮±ˣΪ޷ÿѧͷΪ
ܶڲ²⣬˵ŷǿˣṦ˫ԲŻƷеľٶ
Ҳ˵ŷɣԲܹݵأвٲӣùŷţչɣֻ꼻һ֣һСʱʱ䣬ֻҪ˼ˣعغܿˡ
ǰδеģܶе֪ҲҪдˣǾĹֻˣ֪Ҫʲô顣
ĳ䣬ҪһƬ굱С
һֳǿ˲
֪ŷʲôͬʱҲ֪ܵͨû˸ʱ˷ˣĻܵǿߵĴڴǰκЭС
ŷ罫ҪΪѧУУΪߵĴȻвǲòϣһõĽ˹ŷ磬Ҳûܹص
һҹԯݺƿչɱǿߣǿ˫Ϊɾ磬ȻǿߣҲһս
йŷһףսӿֲ
ԯݺֱӻصԯ壬ԯһƬڣعˣǿƣο
ԯݺᣬʱȴԵͬͨһͻܵԯݺǿֲһޱ޼ʣһذϵĸо
ԯ޵пԼӻع飬˵ԯݺǰȥһսһսûֻ֪ԯ޵л֮󣬾λԯݺᣬɫгԺԼӣվǳɳˡ
һҹܶߡ
ģһƬ²УûгҥûѹۣĬһ
̬ȣôĲ㾢ۡ
ҳŷ磬ô£飬ܿʧˣЦȻԹŷһ˽ˣ֪ǰ׺й٣Ҫ⣬Լ
ŷҲڿӣЦˣٿһϵԣŷЦĸˣԤѾˣͿĶˡ
ֻûյһţǵڶߵ룬һҪҪ˶տ
ͬʱҵҲȷˣͬߵ뷢ϢϾǵȵһ֮󣬻ĵǿǱĵܹĻ͵űɡ
ûţԼܹסǿߣ˻ĵǿ⡣
һʱ䣬Ĺȥˣеûƽʱߵ߽ң˶֪ʲô춯صϢҪ
ߵ룬ڻĿһǳʱ䣬ȴռãҪһϢ˼תڲ²⡣
ҹĻٵʱһϵϯ̨˶סˣҪʲôеĴȫ֣ѵҪˣһޱȾ޴սĲôеġ
һɫׯأȻо춯صĴ鷢
˵ͨλ쵼֣ɫޱȵ˵ǽϽǰһϢ
һߣʮ꣬ǻȴɢһֱ뺷̲֮֮סľ֪϶Ǵ̵Ͻһɱֱڻû
ɫأȴ̲סЦ˳Һãǽۣ쿪ŻᣬҪǣǹ׼һѧУ˱붼ҪѧУѧϰֻ̭֮󣬲ܹתѧơ
˻һ˾ȣʲôѧУȻҪȫѧϰ
۵˼ѧУѧĵһѡֻѧУ̭֮󣬲ܹȥѡѧУ
ֹƶȣԴת䣬ȴѧУԻᳬ˵һʯ쾪Ч
ҿ϶֪ѧУʲôʵѧУҲϻڸߴңѧУҪڵ书۵Ĵ˻һ˻ȻȻЩѾµǻо˼顣
һִᣬȻҪȫѧ䣬Щ߲Ƿж뷨Ĵض
˶֪п϶ǲ֪ԭ
Ǽʵʱˡ˵֮󣬵ȴЩʣ¶һĨЦݡ
һվʵϽ֪Ϊʲô
ΪǹҪǿԲȫѧ䡣ۺԥ˵ǴѧԺԭ֮һ
Ǹ߻Ҫʣȴʾ£Ҫļ߻ء
һŮվñ׼ͨʵϽãѧУѧϰ书һУʲôܹʹǹҸǿ𣿡
ʵúáȿŮһ䣬Ȼɫ˵ǴĹѧУЩνУȫһѧУܹݵأΪһ
ǸСĹŷ𣿡ǸŮץסһ䡣
ûŮ߶һ⣬ЦŵͷŷǺߣУΪĸֻ֣ҪŬܹﵽŷľ硣
ڽԻȻû뵽۾Ȼʶŷ磬۵˼ԹŷȻŲٵ˽⡣
õԼҪĴ𰸣ǸŮ
һվǻˣ𷢱ۣЩ˵ϽϲǵһЩڵĶȻôܲΪʾһ£ҵҪ֪ô书ȥסڵ˵
ˣ߰ޱȣŻĵ书ôԼҲΪĹȡ
ϽоһЦ˵ҪʶһߵǿУҾʶһ£ͷתȥ
ʱڵӻǰ˶֣ˣлһİĵطһ꣬ɽֱۣӳ
𾪵Уֱ·ĳһƣһγһֻƣסϡ
ųߵɽ壬ֻУϢķ飬ȻֻʣһСɽ塣һĻ˶ŴͣӶɳˡ
û˻ΪһƵǼٵģΪһҲģΪԼĻģԲԻ顣Ҳ˵һֱֳʵģֻܹﵽǿ


650 
Ǹ߸һŵɫ𺳣ȻͻȻһܣⲻġ
ĻҲ¶ɵɫϾǰʵ̫ˣǵ۶߸ˡ
ܶ˶һֳ󣬻ǾòܡϾʱϢȷûˣٵĳŪ񣬸Ūҡ
ɫһ䣬˵Ƕĵ𣿡
Ǹ߻һ£ܵһϣһ㽫ŵһƨڵϡ
Ѫ󽫵ϣܹͨܵġ
뵽Լ߻һڿˮ˵ɣһɻҲôǿǲѧģǳˣûô
˵һ֮ɫԼжϣԸֵطһҡ
Цһû˵ֻǾվɫм
ȺŭȻҲһ˿ʣǶߵԼҵΪзǳŭ
۲˵İ֪϶ЭĬϣļȻҹĳϢȻȫ׼ֳЦġ
ʱһĮ֤ɡ
ĿɿڴУǸղŻ꣬ʱȻŷУ˶ɴ۾ѵʲôè塣
Ѿвϳˣֳ¼Ĺŷ磬ֻǲ֪ڽŷаһʲôɫ
Ҿ˵һƭ֣ղϣôô̵ʱڣءǸ߼ŷͻȻ֣ûнţ̲סĴЦ
ȴûз֣ŷ翴˷̡
ھͿԴȥŷ絭˵ڳ˵ĶûзӦʱһץסߣȻֱʧٴγֵʱ򣬾ͷת˹ȥѾһϡ
ֻǴʱ壬Ѿ㲻һ߷ˣһ룬ڹŷ»촷ۡӻǰл˶ס˺ǲŵĶǰһĻڿ϶ԼĲǼٵˡ
ȽĿƼҲûа취˲佫͵ϡͨ쳹صܣͬһ㣬˲Ϣǧܡ
Ѫ޲쳤Х˶֪ΪʲôľˣִЩ޴¶޷κǰɡ
ǿⲢһ
ɫߣŷ絭˵ѾˣҴȥɡ
Ǹ߻ûзӦʱ򣬹ŷγͬʱһ⣬סǸߡ
𺳵УУɳ۶ȥ
˶ɵˣһ̣𺳵˼㡣棬ֻ书𣿿´˵еɣҲ˰ɡ
Թŷٶȣܿϣŷ绤סǸߣҵĳΪһߣֻûд˵еɴһ˴ֱӷġ
𣿡ЩŵԼĴȣҽһΪ֮£õܴ󣬲һ۵˳
ŷƲƲ죬һʲôüġ
Ҳ룬һͨˣֱӷɵˣҪǲǲء
ϵ𣿡Ǹ߼ŷ硣
ŷ˵ʲôΪǴġ
ҲøԷ˵ʲôֱŶԷȥûжã䵽ϣĵӻǰһ󻶺ʱ˳
龹ȻǵǰԼҲͨﵽ磬м
Ȼǲ֪ǣҪ书ܹﵽģҪΪɾǿ߲ܹĻ޷ѵġ
㻹𣿡ŷ絭ǸߣЦ
ǸͻȻһ˶𾪵飬ͻȻŷȥдϵۣȻһϵӡ
ĿɿڴȻ̲סһЦǾʵ̫ˣȻŷ統ϵˡ
ȻڳˣѾϿߵĴڣȴЩĴڣϾû˵лĵߡ
ǵϵȷʵǴڵģһöҲ㲻ðҡŷ絭˵ٴ³һϢ䡣
ϵĴڣȵϵ۵ͽȫĲһ֤ϵ۵ĴˣȻ⻰Ǵһ˵Ŀ˵ģǹŷǿ棬ȴЩϵ۵ͽĻ
ϵĴڣһͽվ˳ͬʱҲһߣǴʱȴһŵӡ
ŷͷɨ˶Էһۣ˵һα񣬴ڲʲôġ
˻һڽԻȻ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ˵ϵα񣬵ڵϵ۵ͽ
Ǹͽվ˳Ȼ˼ɹŷݣָŹŷŭ˵ϵۣϵۻͷġ
ͷңǰҵǻ˼ʹһ٣ϵҪͷңѾ˰ɣѹңǸʸ񡣡ŷ絭˵һֲĲһһϵo
һֻ̣ȫ޴оһڵأҪĤݵĸо
һ˵ĸоڵϣŷĤˡһЩǿĴѣзϳоʧ˲֪ĶȻ꾭
ŷ羹Ȼӵʵ̫ˡȻ꾭Ī⣬дһλϹŴĵͳ͸Ļͨ쳹صܡ
ŷ磬ҲֻӵжѣеһЩ˽⣬ȴ⣬ĵ䣬Щ
Ȼ꾭ǿҲĵ
ֻֻһűˣŷ粻ûбҪΪԼͽǴʱ˿Ŀⶼһˣ֪ŷ߲ǿУҲٮٮߣ˵е飬ϵ۶С
˵Ҫй⣬ǣ˹⡣һâ񷽵䣬ɽһϸѹ£ãã񷶼ˣһ˵ϡ
ŷӺһֱӳӭǵâ
ҮͻڻĶ֣ҪǲǣŷŭȣܵһʥϢƴޱߣԽǰǿߣǿ˲֪١
ԷԿҪˣֻҪ񣬱ˡ
񲻾Ҫͷ㡣Үͻޱߵϣŷ綼Щȣû뵽ҮͻԼĻʱ֡
Ҫ֪ɲһëܺУǻģŲ֪ǿߣҮͻʹǿҲڻҰﻹǻĵľǡ
Ȼڹŷֱǵ֮󣬼Ӱһϵ˵ˣȻˣͲˣҵҪʶһ£Ϊ״ﵽһʲô硣
һϵȴ˲мϴһƺߣ˶ܹϵ۵


651 ɾ
Ƶڱβ񷣬ĵӰͬħһ㣬Ϊķվһ𲻿սʤһ㣬ɢبųϢ
ǽһʥΧסȻͣĳ֣ʥдŭ˻ϵ۱Χ˾Ե·硣
ŷȴ֪ⲻϵ۵ֻһķȴȻǿɡ
жϵ۵ľ裬ӵŨˣһҪļһô׷ŹĵһƬأһʱ򣬻һսġ
ϵҪ񣬱ҪҪͽ
ϵսǿΧм䣬˻׻ɱһʧ
ȻˣĴǿߣҲ΢΢ЩȻϵ۵ķûбôǿ󣬵ҪҲô׵ġ
εĴڣҪĥ𣬼ʹֻһǳѡһֵĻܸ𲻵ϵ۵һ
ңԶǿУһʥϣߵĹУһصľ޴oھϣ·޾ʹĤ
ʱoͻȻһѪĿ⴩Խ޾Ŀռ䣬ʱ֪˷ʲô顣
˻ɱһһһҪϹȥ
ڴʱһصӰ֣סoȥ·
ڻ뿪ʱȥұɱ㡣ǵӰУ磬޴o˿ֿ˼
ŭ˶Էһۣ˻ȥֻȴһɱ춯ء
ǵصӰ˿ûиоɱһֻǵɨһۣʧڵĵط
ŷǲ֪һƽٱˣҮͻһǰģΪԲô򵥡
ϵ۱ɱһϢϯȫ˶ˣϵ۵ͽǷˣҪ𣬱ģһЩˣ˵ϵ޵ôᱻɱأ
ٸԴȥϢ˵ֻϵ۵һûϵ޵еϵĻģĽأͬ޵е飬ǹŷɷ޳ɵǿߣ顣
ͬʱ͢ԽЩͽķģȵ˼ߵľ֮ҲܹΪϵ۵սʿʥʹ
Ϣӵľʹ֮󣬸ȫ綼ˡ
ϵ۵ͽٸԣְԱʼʥǵǲΪʥǰҪϵۼܹɹģǹŷĳ콾Ҳʥ
ⱾǴݻһȻҪϵ۲ܹ͡
ϵۺͷŲͬȻȡ֮ȴҪΨҶ֮󣬲ܹɾ
һе֮·Щʹǿ˲֪ٱԵϵķšʹ֮·ֻܳΪϵ۵֮µΪԶܳԽϵۣΪĻϵۣһԽʧȥ˸ΪΪС
³˷ţʼȽϿ죬ǵ֮󣬱ȫûܣֻԶͣĳһ磬ֻҪϵ۵Ϊ֮Ҳߡ
ٸԣкö񻰴˵еĴڣ߳˱죬Ϊ֪һӽ٣ڰǿĽǣЩ˵δһ𣬻γһɼǿʱӦǿߡ
ȵ粨ƽϢ֮Ѿһµʱˣһʱ䣬ŷ粢æֻżһ飬Ĵʱ䣬ںԼŮһ
ֵһ˵ģ粺˶׺УΪŷھӣ˵˼ǳԣɵӶܹ
һȺŮˣڹŷ£һΪʵı仯ǾȻһʱ֮ڣȫͻƵ˾硣
رӻȸǿҪͻƵˣҪ֪ŮУǵ츳ΪͻԲôĳɾ͡
ɫûлǹŷȴ֪ûʲô飬ʱƣӡԽԽǿ߶˹
һƬңͨ˶֪ǿߵĴˣͬʱйһˣͬԸǿߣѹǣǲҡ
˵ϴ󣬲Ǳˣǻġ
ڳȻϣһģʹٸֵ֧Ҳ޷ȡ˵ģƾŷǼļǰˣԺɨǿˡ
ЩǿҲɵڼǿ߱ɱ֮󣬳ʵ֪ԼڵʵͿⲻ˳䡣
䲢ûеСǿЩ˲ܹԸġŷҲųֹΣն˼ǿߣÿһζ˿ⱨȥ˼ػ
˿ʼŷ磬ÿ춼ܹռ֮ܶȻŷ粻ҪЩڽֻУֻеĶȻ꾭ӺˣֻͨҲӾ޴ͬʱڵҵ֮һ
һʱ䣬ָɽˮǿߵİ£ڿٻָΪһʥأܶߣʱͻƣɼǿֲ߳٣ڹŷΪҲﵽɵļޣҪͻƵˡ
һУҪɽˣڹŷԶǿԯ޵С
ϴԯݺǡ
֪ŷҪɽ٣Ǻ±˴Źŷ磬һ߻
ֻǵŷͷϵĽƳ֮˶һû뵽ŷĽƾȻôǳصѹ˶ɫԯ޵еΪﵽɾ磬ҿҪ磬оԼеܲס
Ǻˣʱ򷴶ܹ˵ŷˣг֣ҪɵΪС
ңŷս¾ǲɣҲȥһɳ֣Ҳܻɱ֮£ɶҪˡ
׹ɣкŷУֱӱû׺УһƬ׵磬󲿷ֳУֻһСֺڹŷϣȴ޷
ŷëſʮ¡¡죬涼
죬˶뷨һͷ֣ڹŷϿգ֣ȫ
һ־󣬴ϹŴУ飬û뵽ŷеʱ򣬾ȻҲһ
漴ŷһٶڳӶɳˣȻֱץס飬ĲҽУֱӽ̽˿С
ԯ޵Ŵͣһŵı飬Ȼ飬
ϹŴеʱ𣬾ȻŷĳԵˣҲ̫ˣһѵ´ŭ
Ȼ߶Уǹŷ飬ʵ̫ˣֱӳԵ飬־ٶԡ
ŷΪͻƣȹ˾磬ҪﵽڣһӴƱ˶ˣϢ̫ǿʢˣǼǿĴڡ
Ҳˣ֪һεŷжսɵʵˡ


652 ػ
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һɰѹ٣̺ŻԵϢ˶һⲻ٣Ǵŷ飬ŭ졣
鷳ˡԯ޵üͷЩǵĶŹŷ磬֪ŷ鷳ˣǴǴɢԶֹͣ
ŷɫƽѾԤϵһ
ԯݺ΢΢üͷͻȻ̬̾
Ļ˵ڳ˶Щɻ󣬲֪ΪʲôͻȻô˵ɫɻԯݺҲΣ˵һǹģҪǴһ¥һӡ
ڳĶһ̳̱ԯݺỰе˼ˣɫȻĹŷ磬ȻǴֲԯݺ˵һӡ
ڳ˶ǳ죬ǾԲǽԼأһİգҲδ֪ء
ϾǴǱĶԴƣǹŷҲһ
ֻܵˡϴЦǶû뵽ŷ羹ȻΪ񣬹⽫ˣȻǴҪǴٴ
гֲĴ۾̺Żص۾Į飬֮һע£ֽűһҪȥĳ嶯
ǺȻĶһۣԿԷе𾪣۾ֲ̫ˣǾãԹŷΪδܹסһ۾
ŷֻ̧ͷһۣȻ۾
Ǳŷ̬ȸŭˣ۾оȻ¶һɷŭɵϢŷУ˶ܹоһֻԵ֪ԣֻǴĻ
ŷ𶯣üͷ壬Ȼû뵽ǴȻġ̺ż˵Ļԣա
ЩϢȻУһƺߣŷϳһƣһѪ
ˡŷֽһͻȻħɨ۾۾飬Ϊޡ
ŷһ̤ϴߣơ
óԡƵ˵üֱۣѵΪǴζء
ݺᣬǽһŷԯݺṴ˹ָͷ
ԯݺֻǿ˹ŷһۣתߣûĴ㣬ЦղŹŷı֣֪ԼѾǹŷĶˣȥŰ
̷ǹСŷԯ޵кٺЦ
ԯ޵кԼĶӶһֱתߣŷ磬֪ڹŷѾɳһֲľ磬˵һʮǹŷĶ֡
ϴ󡣡ŷ罫Ŀϴ˹ȥ
ԼӢȲ衣ϴЦ˵Ųŷأ֮ǰͲǹŷĶˡ
ֻǳϴûз֣Ļ˵꣬ԯ޵еĽŲͣסˣȻΣյĶųϴ󣺡ղ˵ʲô
ϴĿɿڴȻкڵҪԼô˵ˡԯӢ֮飬谭ھԯ޵У֪ϼһԴǲǳˣǷԼúͳϴһ
ȻԼᣬ͵͵ġ
ɶҲû˵ðװϴŹȻһܣԯ޵һں׷
ŷҡҡͷʵǲ֪˵ϼһʲôȽϺˡ
˶뿪ˣֻйŷ绹Уһ򣬵˵ôʱϷҲó˰ɡ
һӰУֻǹŷȴܹӶԷϣܵһɱǴӿֲϢ
˭ŷʵ΢΢Щ衣
ܹܵԷΪ֮ߣԳ̽Էĵϸ
ԺػǵӰڣһ̻ûУĻȴùŷ۾һɡ
ػ֣ţһǿߣǧڸռ䣬סЩ˽볾䡣
Գ䣬ܹһֱôĻһЩͨߣѾˣֻǶЩͨ˵ػǱȳӡѵ顣
ػʲôŷüͷʵ
ػʼ磬һЦʵʲô飿
һ㶣ػ˼ˣԷֻۿɽ٣û˼ػǴʱ΢΢ЩȣϵϢйһ㣬ŷ綼ֲĴڡ
Ȼ֪˶ԷûԼ˼ŷҲػһػϣܵһǿϣʹΪЩڡ
ǹŷ־ᶨʱѾ̲סԶˡ
֪Ϊ̫󣬲ŵµĽжػʵµһôǿѹһ龳ĸ֡
ǰˡŷٺ˵תҪߡ
һȴסùŷ޷ж
ŷŶԷ֪ػԼû飬ػԼסı֣²飬һǴ顣
Ϊͷ۵ģִ飬ǳ鷳
˵ɣʲô顣ŷһΣ˵һǰˣΪʲôҪôƤأҪԼ飬ȴҪԼڡ
˵ֻǾ֮ͣҪȥ籾Դһѱһ⣬ػڡ
һŷ΢΢һ㶣û뵽ǣ籾Դ֮أһβ껨ʲô
ػһۣѵػıʧˡ
ǿ껵˼ػ˵ͷЩ꣺һս籾Դսʧһ˿ʶٴθȻͨѾֿԴҲѰˣҲҲҵı
Ļŷ絹һȻԶŵǿս֮ͨǰΪ״ﵽʲô硣
һϲԴ֣һλᣬϣܰҵҪ֪ң͵ڰػ̾
ŷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵΪʲôԼȥΪٻԼı˭㣿
ͷһֱһɻ˵ܶȥΪ˵ֿ񣬵ػΪβȥѵҲʲô飬һԼıҪҪ
ػ˹ŷһۣЦ˵Ͻʬûне㣬Ǹط֮ϵǿߣȥ˵ģֻ֮µǿǰȥҵʱӦ㡣
ŷȻֲòܶȥԭȻһ֮ȥˣǾ˵ȥҲֻɣԹŷڵսɣȻûбʤİգǹŷţԼԲǡ
Թŷֱӵ˵ͷӦػҪ
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ŷҡҡͷҲ뿪


653 һ
ŷ緵أԯݺߣŷʵղǸ˭ҵĸоÿֲ
ȻҲܵػֻǵʱû˵ȵŷ̫ջ֮󣬲ѯʹŷ硣
ػ
ŷֱӻشȻػҪæ˵һ顣
籾ԴͻȻãоûеô򵥣籾Դ껨лսػǿ߶սУ϶ܡŷǿ϶˵
Դ籾Դ˵֪֮ﲻ϶УЩϹŴ񶼲ȥһ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ҫ֪ϹŴ񣬳һУ𣬼˵νܣȴ籾ԴסˣⱾǲܵ顣
вܶ콩ʬȴҽڣΪԼȥԴ֮Σ˵ֻΪ˵ס飬ŷԲš
Ҫ֪Բܶʵʲôܹ籾Դ֮أܹסϹŴ񣬵ǶִڣӦҲûʲôðɡ
̫ɻ󣬹ŷ벻ף֪Ҫ֪һУҪǿʵҪģȥ˼ЩΪ
ڣܹһսܣⲢʲôǿŷһ˲繷ʱϹŴǽ٣ɣҲһѡ
ܹͬľ磬ܹ⡣
ϽУһɷ粨ڷһǿķޣڼ̵ʱڣɾˣΪԽԽߣ֣ܹϹŴ
Ͻ𶯣ǿߣҪȥ׷ɱˣȴӹȥȻϹŴҲǹŷһԷ޵Ļ϶ܹϳԷĸĸ
һҪҵˡϹŴ´
޾δ֪һصĿռ䣬һ߸ƶˣ֪һ֮Ϥǰ¶һĨЦ
ߵغ
һͬϵ˳֣ΡΡһˣȴ̺һǱŻصܡ
С͹үϽ磬ȥǣҪΣա߿ڣס
ͷת˺ѿռ䣬ֱϽ硣
ϹŴ񿴵һĻ϶һô׵˺ѿռ䣬ΪԲ֮£ֻһˣֻǱ˵£ߵ˭
ܶϣһΣܹҵԼҪģ콩ʬٴοڣͷȻһƬռʧޡ
ӡӵɶˣÿһ춼˳ӡ칬Ѿʼ٣Ҫͳһ
ŷѾоˣһɫأвٶ츣ԻĲˣ˲ʮ
гˣֱ֪仯֪һʱҪˣҲǿѧʱһħҷɵʱ
е˻֣̿е˻ϲо콾ʱ𣬳ǿ߾磬ԯ޵ͻƣ磬ǿޱȡ
ԯݺͬɾ磬֣ɣҲһսȻɾ磬һϢԽԵɲˡ
ԯݺΪͻ֮Ҫŷһֻ֣ǿŷʱ̷Լ㣬֪ԼǹŷĶˡ
һȺŮˣڹŷİ£ΪͻƵļֱùݣȫɾ磬ӡȸˣѾɾ硣
ֻнã˾磬ΪǹŷôͨģΪǹŷŮ˵ԭΪһֱͣ硣
Ҳ˹ŷŮ˵Уֻһ粺죬һֱڣţͶ˹ѧУ
粺ѧ츳껶Щȣ̶̵һʱ䣬Ȼﵽ˾磬ȻҪΪһ壬֮䣬øŨйϵ粺ѧ츳ȴǲݻɵġ
ϹһӣֻʮˡŷȸˣӵɽۣΧһƬŴȻá
ֻȴЩ̾Ϣõ֪ܶ೤ʱ䣬ʮһʱһƬҵʱǹŷ磬ҪɱЩǿ߲ɱΪ档
ԹŷΪȻսɣǱϾֻһˣ˭Ҳּ֪սУᷢʲô顣
ʱ䣬ʵ̫һ㣬Щǿߵͷ硣
İɣһػסһƬصˣ˭ҪƣҾŷЦ˵ȴһɷ
ȸ˵ͷڹŷĻУ䣬ȻΪһ壬ײֱ˴ˡ
ʮ֮䣬һƬžӡƣһش֮£һ˶ֲܹܵҪ仯ɷһ
ÿңǿ֣߳סڵһƬȻ֣令סȻκһУܵκˡ
ϾĽ粻һ쳣ǲסĻܻʲô⡣һЩûг֣ŷǣ⣬ȴĽ罵١
䡣
һϢɽϵǿ߽٣ڵһС飬ϣȫڳ䡣
ֱӳ䣬ȴ쳣ºͣΪ֪ǵĻܻٻ
ϸ˵ɽڶǿߣʵҲڳһ
ûʲôֵĶŷȻǵĽ٣вٴ˵е壬ٴأǴûж⣬ͬʱҲ֪еҪǿĶ࣬ǱŷĿɨǾͻһҪĳ嶯
һʥĹγ֣ʹ٣ʮϷһصoߴɣɢŨʥϣһĤݵĳ嶯
ŷ֪ҮͻˣеĸǿһѹԵϢʹŷ綼оӴѹ
飬ѾΪˡŷа뵽ʱѾ϶ԼĲ²⣬Үͻ飬һǷǳǿ֣򲻻ѹ
ҵΪһԸ⹲ͬ򡣡Үͻڣϵ˶ˣ˹дϵۡ
ŷԹۣȻϵ۵˼ػ򣬶˵ʵо޴ĺôô˵ֵ֮ľˡ
Ҳϵ۲һöǶڵ˵һػٶԵϵ飬ûвġ
Ȼŷϵ۶ԵϵûвԼûвߣһֱϵҪĶֻѡ
ϾڻУʲôǿݷţ˭Ҳ˵ҲĻðһԴϵ۵Ĵڡ
칬һ٣ޱߵĿռ䣬볾Ϊһ壬ӴóĻһ˲䷢˾޴ĸı䡣
칬ǿߣûж볾䣬ǧ˿ƵĹϵȻ໥ɵҪ˵жԣȴûµġ
ֻڹͬʱϣǺ֮
ŷֻǿ칬ǿһۣ㲻ٵģΪĲĳ֣Ҳһ飬ڣ칬ǿֵ̫ġ
ҮͻȵĿĲһۣɫ΢΢Щû뵽ﾹȻܹһ顣


654 ħ
ѡĲҮͻ΢΢ͷƵѡ
ҮͻͷҲǺĲкĲȻǸոճΪ飬һʵСȻԼûпĲǳ
ҮͻҲ֪ĲԲԼĶ֣Үͻš칬볾䣬ǧ˿ƵĹϵԶԳɲʲôвŷһĲԭؼʱ̣칬֮ˣʲô۶ӣԹŷֱӽעеϡ
һʥϢɣ罵١ޱߣ칬Ҫո볾Ϊһ壬˳˳ֱɱ˹
սûκ⣬ŷǳ˹ȥһɺɫϢȺӣˣȻ˲䣬ȫɾˣҲһ
Щһͷۻһ㱻վͦˡŷĶȻ˵ɱǲܵġ
֮УҪٵʱ򣬶ԳչֲĴֱӴݻٳĵֿ֮ȴû뵽Լոɳȥͱɱ˰򣬾ǿߣһˡ
һУɫ𾪣ȻǶֻ¾ȻĶҩǿߣס󲻵ġ
˶ĿͶŷ磬¶ɫһɱˣֶΣƾˡ
ȻڳǿڼŷֶεʱҲзϾóֶεˣ˭֪ûжҩܹǿߣɶС
ûԸⳢԣǼǿߣĶŹŷ磬пܵĻǺ޲ýŷɱˡ
ţǿ߲ҲɵȻᶯŷаЦ֪Ⱥ˱Լŵˡ
罵٣ħϢһƬ嫵Ŀռ䣬볾Уħɷ֮㱻󻷾ͬһħ˳һ¶Ѫɫ
ǿԹۣ֪ħʲô⣬ҪһһѸײڶ֮ƣռ䣬ֻûţиղǸڣħ磬Ҳ
ȻһɺɫϢħֱӱУŷħǿߣѻȸ𾪵ĶŹŷ硣
ħǿߣҲǺǿһ˼ûֻǶŹŷ磬ɫԥ
һϢ֪޽Ҫˣ˶Ҫŷʰ޽硣
һƬ嫵ؽ٣ȵ֮޽ȴû˿һ绪Ů˳һ̤һ̻ûУŷߣȻֱͶŷĻС
˶ɵˣʲôܶǿ߶ǸŮӣһɵı飬Үͻɫ䣬ŵĶŮӣһı顣
ŮҲҮͻһЦû뵽ּˡ
˶ЩɻϹŴôҮͻȻЩǿߣ޷ڳ䣬ǶڳһЩ飬Ƿǳ˽ģҮͻo˵Ϊ񣬶ǹϵĶ飬ΪϹŴ֮һǿޱȡ
󽫣ûΪҮͻڣڳԼݣ˶¶ɫҮͻȻֲø˵Լ
ϹŴÿһˣܹһʱ䣬ݻһƬ顣󽫣ڳԼҲϹħµͷսȻϹŴ񣬵ҲԶ
ֻǴ˵Ϲһսսܣ׷ߣɱˣŮôΪȻɲ⣬ǾûϹŴ˵еǿ
֮Ժҹۡ൭Ŀڣ˵Լݣ˶һֲ޽ֵʱǸµĶǿûг֣ԭ֮ȻŮˡ
ֻӵֲˣǺˣж뵽һϡ
ۡҮͻɫ΢΢ЩŹ֣һۣȻٺһЦʲôû˵ˡ
ŷʱ˳ɨˣ˵һһʱ٣һЩء
˻һ˶Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽һСȻǿƣҪΪ綩ΪԼ
ʲôƾʲôġһħ˳ɫ
ŷ翴һۣͻȻһָһѪ֣ѹǸħϣħҽһ屬飬Ԫ񶼷ڰС
˱ɫЩɾǿߣû뵽ŷ綯־ҪһҪһħ𣬾ЩѾﵽɾˣ
ǹŷľ磬ɶѣȻֶΣ̫ˡ
ɱħħиħվ˳Źŷ磬ɱءղǸˣǼΪصһλȴû뵽һע⣬ͱ˻ɱˣβŭ
ɱ˾ɱˣҴҵĻͱŷ絨˵гǿƣ֪ȺˣʲôκõģֻȭͷһȺħ񶼸ˣǲŻ
ŷûд˵ʵȴɱӺ
ҲĻˣôɱңǸħЦһŷϾɱȻȻ׼͹ŷ綯ˡ
˭ŷ絭ʵ
ħħشɫȻֻҲ֣һֻ֣ŷ˹ȥǿգøոպһ磬΢ҡ
ŷЦҲ֣ͬһֻ֣Էײһһǿͬʱˡ
˶һֵ̫ˣе㲻ͬѰɾǿߣδȫʵ
ɱ
ŷͻȻˣ׸ϣħնǳ춼ںħ޺һֿµħоһҪˡ
󣬵â𣬻ɴСֱ䣬նˣ磬ûħڵһƬ
ħХħڻУ򷨲֣ħֵħվ˲٣һϡ
ħֱӳȡħĴ뾫Ѫɫ䣬ͬһǧɣֵŭŹŷ硣
˶֣ħľѪߣħ̫ˣħУҪܵش
һ˹֣Ϯɱŷ硣
δŷӭȥֻظ֣доǶȻ꾭ΰ
ǸһȻ꾭һ㶣ʱ򣬹ŷЯֻѹ¡Ǹը飬١
Ԫڿ۳һֻΪȴ˲١
˭û뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿƣǿƴɾǿߣûܵһ˺
֮ǰЩˣڹŷֻǼɵĻĽͬһλˣɾǿߣŷУһĨ塣
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655 С̶
ɣŹŷ񣬳˾裬ҮͻҲһصŹŷ磬˸֪ʲô
˵֮ĹأҶ˭ŷٴοڣܴ硣
һΣû˿ڣѾ֣УǹŷĶ֡
̫ǿˣһ֮ѹǿߣһִƣǿʧ˸£ȴûз
󻶺ŷǿƣѪڣǰĽԳʱ򣬶Ǹ߸ϣȴȫһˣһ֮ѹ£Ǻεȵƣ
У޵СйѧУڴΪŷƣһӴڹŷϣ鲻䣬ûн
ֻǹŷʱͨ⣬֮İ£ԵøӵʥˣһЩɣԹŷʱ򣬶һҪȥĳ嶯
ǺȻԿԷϵľɫ
дˣǽˡ
Ȼûұ¹أǿߣ׼ʿ֮ǵɵϣɱ⡣һأɣЩǿ߶Ǿŭӣȴû˵
ŷղŵǿƣסˣ˭Ҳʱŷϡ
ڶأɼ֮ǿߣ׶Է˳֣ɱ⡣һɼ֮ǿߣöԷ˳֣ǵʵڷ˵һѡ
Ȼû˵Ҳ˵ͬҲ˵ֻͬǶŹŷ磬ǹŷһڳϷһ
أΪ໥ַΥĽ繲֮ŷٴοڣ쾪һըڱ䣬ҶףϾڼ統УĿɾǳˡ
ֻЩ߸ϵħǿȴûʶ˹ŷĳ䣬ǿߣͲȸǿ
ŷ֮ôǲͿ̿
һÿʮ꣬ɸǿ߹ͬɳһλɣΪѲ֮ˣһƻصˣɱ⣬һζӳҡŷһ仰˵ʱĽǿ߶¶ɫ
һվ˳м˵㲻һɣƾʲôΪѲߣƾʲôӳ
ΪҹǿܹңӳҲԡŷ˵һڡ
Ҫ͹ŷ֣ԥһ£˻ȥΪ֪ԼǹŷĶ֡
һǿΪʱŷȻΪûеɣսȴ԰ɣ˭˵ûӳʸ
Үͻֻɫ΢ֻĲܣҮͻ죬ȻǿΪҪﵽ˵ΪˣȴףԼеĸӿ£˭֪ûڣڳ˯ǳһҲԲ˶ߡ
Үͻʵһ仰˵ͷ
ĲҲһֻ˫ֺʮǵΪ֮ϣܹܹŷ磬ȴûŷֵɡ
ǲͬأһħЦѪƣһѪһϣԵ쳣Ϳ¡
ܼ򵥣ÿǵһѸղŵֶҩǾͬˡŷ絭˵˵вһֳ
Ļû˸˵ˣҮͻҲʿˮЦѣһҪ˵ڳɲ£ǵ¹ƺܿͻ⣬ʱһƨ˾ʲô˼
뵽˵ɫ쳣ÿŷг˺⣬һ˿˿ľηһﲻʵǿֶʵ̫ˣĲҵŷˡ
Ǿռ˳䣬Ҳûκãһ˵ĴڣǱкӹˡ
뵽ЩЭˡ
ĽɹŷĽΪһѲߣֻҪиҲӹŷµļصˣɱ⡣
һ쳣սҲˡ
ȵŷǻصԼסʱ򣬼˳֣Ǽù͹һСŮױһɰСģǴһ
ƯСŮŷ羪̾
ãҽ̣ԽС̶ҵ׵ŮСѾͷҧָͷ˵
۾ģһڱʯһ峺ԡཱུСһЦСѣԵ쳣ɰ
һ·Сʹ˼ľ顣
̣֣С̶Ը˭𣿡ŷ翴˵ú͹һۣЦ˵
ú͹ˣǷչĺܿ죬һʱ䣬ӾˡڼˣȻһ㲻˼
ŷҪһС̶СԴ֪С̶ͻȻŷ֣Ȼһ˵˵Ůͷֻܸδ๫壬ܳΪ๫
ŷֽסˣȻЦһŹʲôʽҲ̫˰ɡ
ŷĿ⣬ȻҲһЩ˼һ죬͵С̶Сûбͷ׶һ
ͬŵãЦӣŷͻȻԼһ㶼ˣƵǵá
ԼŮȴԴһĽʽʵ̫ΰˡ
һӰ˹ȻһС̶΢һкӣͬױһֻСС̶Դһ£Ȼ˵ӽˡ
ڳ˶ˣС̶ҲסˣǰűţţСкС̶ʶʲô顣
˱죬ͻȻ춯صĴһ˶ˣŷһ۵кѵСӣ˭˵ġ
ͷӣү˧ǰ޹ˣߣ㾹Ȼ˵ˡСкһȻĵŹŷ硣
ŷ籩ߣƣСкƨϾ˼£Скһ⣬ͻȻһ˳
һһŮСһʼ˭ɤŴڳļŷһҪײǽĳ嶯
ӣǲϰ۸ˡһ׺ݵȸһ𱬵Ĵ˽üԹŷ磬ùŷɫһ
ĿΣյĶСһ˵ע㡣СһһƲ죬Ȼֱ˵ղϰִҡ
ȸһΣյĹâȻһƳ˹ȥСһԼƨƨһίĶȸ裬֪Ϊʲôƽʱ۰ԼȸҪԼ
СӣΪʲôûп۸С̶ˣǸȸ˵
СһԲԼĸףǾԼļ裬ȸɫʱˣЩί˵ô۸С̶أ˼ҵδء
С̶ҪˣСһĻ֮󣬶ʱٴΰθ޵ĸˣһŻһ˵أС̶Ҫ޸棬أÿ¡
ԭСһﳤòУı飬С̶ɱʵ̫ˡ
СһǲЩģС̶Ļ֮ҲԼСʵаŹۣһıʧʱ˷·Ȼһ£һС̫
ڰοԼҵСһĹͼùһŵĶСһɾ硣


656 
Сһͼùȣͷһ̣СƨƨٴαϮίĵŴ۾Լȸ裬ίĲˡ
С̶Ҳֹͣ˿ȻףǷˣһСӣ˵ǰ棬ȻɵΪС̶Ҳˡ
ĸҼΪɣҲһˣɻ֪˶١
СһԼ˼£ȻѾһˡС̶ͻȻãһ๫ӦҲǲܹԼ
뵽С̶ҧָͷֹͣ˿˵㣬ҹù͹ǳ鴤ƽʱദӣʹżùģֻû뵽С̶ѧ˸ʮʮ
СһԼδŵٻƨƨߵĳ˹ȥһסС̶С֣Ц˵Ŵʲô𣿡
һֺõӣùŷֲĿõĸоһӺ˭ѧģŭܣշԼӵĶܿǺԼѧġ
ʶһ㣬ŷٺһЦԼӺŮ˱ӵУһµġ
СһﺰԼŴˣС̶ɫһ죬СѾͷһ£Ȼ˵ڴҳȥ棬ҪԺöóԵģҪңҪЩͽӾ

Сһﾴһ񣬲С̶һ㯵ӣȻ֪Ķʲô˼СһЩɥ
ˣءС̶Լ֪ԼСϹ֡
ҽй졣
֡С̶͡
һܵı飬Լֺ뵽콫ԼĿԼϵ˰Թ
ŷֱӵûпԼ˵ù˽ݣСǣ֣ȥȥˡ
ǻ᲻£ŷȻģСһȻ󣬵ʵԲرǹ죬̳˹żĴͳڵʵжǿ˹ŷ磬ļ䶼֪
һˣҪһңȻѹȥվ©ġŷɫ΢΢Щأù͹˵
֪ˣȻǺͷйϵܿĲ˼
˶һۣԵ˵ͷÿڣ˼άĺƽðͷţɱ⡣
칬Щһʲô뷨ŷû̴Ӧȴһ칬ǿߵ뷨
˹ŷһۣùüЩͬЩ˲ͬ⣬һȺ߹ǵҪǸ£֪ʲôġ
ŷһĲҪͳһ칬𣿽칬ԼƿУѵҲҰģҪư磿
ŷϵĳɣú͹ﲻ֪ʲôǸϽͣĲû˼
ŷ룬Ҳ֪Լˡ
Ĳӵдǻ۵ˣһУĳȻĴڣôԲʲô˽ġ
뵽ŷֱӴӦͬʱҲ޽Ӧ޽ǹ࣬ʵ͹ŷһġ
ú͹һϲ֪Լˣһ𣬾ħٲʣҲֻţȻҪܵĹͬħǿƣҲס
ο߻йŷı̬֮䣬ħɱĶʵ̫ˡ
泬ڷԸЩ£Ƿȴд󰮣Ը⿴٣һ⡣
ȥС̶ȴ͹ദһᣬ˻ú죬ٲȻһСӵӣùǿĹŷЦѣùŷ磬ʥˣԼĶӾȻ˲һСŮŪߵһ㶼ûݺỨԵִ
ĶԼɵֵĶӣŷΪ
ͷӣҶˡ쿴˹ŷһۣԼ񣬱ܵľ쵽ЩŤûĺһ䣬Ȼƨƨߵ򷿼ȥ
СһԵúܿģһţԺԼҵͷһ§Ů˯ˡ
ŷҡͷû߽ȥһ̤ʡ
һǰУɢʥϢȴһ㶼ע⣬ǶԷùŷ֪ŷ;첻ԷĴڡ
Үͻŷݡ
ӶԷҪҮͻò۹ŷŬҮͻ׳ʲôӣһ֪̾ԼͶԷȣ̫ԶԸͿԷĿΡ
ɱҵĶӡҮͻڣϲŭ
⣬ڹŷϣһһ졣ŷɫδ䣬ֻǶҮͻʲôû˵̬ȴǳԣǾɱΣ


657 ħ
ҮͻĿڹŷϣſֲɱ𶯡
ŷɫ䣬ôУҮͻš˿ʾһִǣȻˣȻһս
㲻ɱһĮػ֡
Үͻػһۣз·飬ػȻЭ
ҪΪܶ£ɱħҪǸϽʬӦ֪жôĿֲ
˻һҮͻɫ΢΢һ䡣
֣ܶϽУһɣΪ̫ǿˣɱϹŴ¡
ǱܶϣҮͻҲֻԲϣ
Ĭˣû̶֡
ŷɫƽɨһػ΢΢ͷȻҮͻȻڽ䱸ԷǿͻȻֵĻŷ͵ס
ΪԼ֤ŷ粻Ϊвܶܣͺ˶Է
ϾҮͻǿߣǿߣһ¶ʲôģǲġزأ±˵в
ˡҮͻͻȻ̾ϢһĿһ۹ŷ磬һ̤뿪
ˡػ˵һ˿̾ϹʥղѾ֡
ֻǾô飬һ䣬վǰһˣû첻µزµӣҲзִ粻١
ŷû˵һ㶼˽⣬Ҳ֪˵һЩʲô
İɣұ֤ǿ֣ԼӦɡػŷ
ŷ綢ػ˵ͷȻ뿪ˡ
еɻȴԽԽǿˣʲôԼӦ飬ػ˭
صУǸ߹ŷ磬˵һİһ¹죬Ȼ뿪ԷϵϢǳǿ˵ĻᶼûС
ŷɫ΢䣬֪Ǹ˭Үͻɣ޷иов
ŷ磬ȴҲһεĸоڵΪƺЩȣ˲֪١Ȼŷ츳Ҳ޷ڶʱ֮ڸϡ
Ȼػӣ󣬸վŲܶϹ񣬶ɵĴڡվǹŷԼʵ
ҪǿŷȻڵʵѾ㹻ǿˣǹŷȴãЩǲ
һ⣬ɢһս⡣
һ죬ŷҪеǿߣڽ£ٵߡ
ڵĵ򣬼λɾͷζԸŷ硣
Ǹʵ̫ˣǲ˵һһϵۻǣڳļȴûһ
񣬺ųϵ֮һȻûΪϽ飬е˶֪ѾȽӽˣͲһ
Լһռ֮ôѾҪɹˣУΪǿ֮һ
˵Ĳ֣ȴɱܻиµĺһڣУòǻȴɢһɼǿϢȻкͽ񿹺ͷ
ڳǳĬ뵽ŷı֣֮䣬ɱһôĿº޷
ܿܣ磬һƬ
ǲԸ⿴ģڳˣڣȴûаգŷһɱ
ǳĬţȻһȺħļһϵħһȺħħʵǳŹͬ£ǻֵġ
ħ磬һ֣иֶϣҾͲţǸŷ绹ߣҸųΪһˣ翪սһħڣѪħѪƣ쳣ǿ󣬾ǽѪħʱ򣬶̲ס¶һ˿ɫ
ŷȻǿ󣬵ֻһ˶ѣ㹻ɣɱдͳΪνĴֹۣΪνĴ壬ʲôðյľٶģԼʹɱ˹ŷ磬ҲʲôõĽһֻйͷħڣΪݹħǿĹͷ޾£ɾħħڷǳǿƵ֣ʱڣɱ⡣
ħǿ߾ףȫɱڡ
ӽĲ칬
ӽҹŷ䡣
ӽҹ޽硣
ΪͬˣЯֹˣΥģ𡣡ֱӹᴩأħǿߵЦݽסˣܿԷеŭ
֣ҪɱŷĻû⣬ֻ޽һѹϾ޽ۣǹŷӣھͲһˣǸҶŷ磬һ¶Ե磬һ鵽ѹ
ֽű֪ǲӦûжˡ


658 ɱ
һŷ磬ΪǣһħҲϣټ칬޽磬ǾҪɵˣҶ֡
οŷ绹ǶԼ֮һ䣬һɱںͬʱս
쵰һŭһתߡ
ħҲһԼ˲ŷˣֻ뿪һħǶ֣ȻҲս
Ϊһŷ磬սԵĲֵãڲսʱ
ħǿ߼һĻҪɱ㡣о˸ٴŷС
Ļһ˵ùŷļŮ˱ɫǵǵŹŷ磬֪ŷǷͷʢǵţҲȻ顣
ɱңˣǶ֣ںΪУЩ˲ɵӣ֪ԼĶ֡ŷ絭˵ƽֻ
һԭԼ˵ˣԷҪɱȻҪЩвףʵŷȶˡ
ںڼԭ飬ȴĴ۽磬Щǿħһǰֲʵĸо
ʹʲôΨ壬ڼЩħĴڵʱǻ̲ס˼ڡ
֮ΣС
ħޣʵ̫ˣСʹ֮칬඼ϲ١Ȼ⼸꣬Ϊǿ߿ʼǵʵŽһߣǺЩȣǲ̫Զˡ
µĻۣһһϦܹıġ
ŷǿߣڲͣѲӣħħ񣬲̫Ϊֻйŷ칬޽ǿߣ֣ɱЩΥˡ
ȻˣҲֻܳͽһˣΪʵ̫ˣȻ㾡ȫҲֻ̽鵽һ֡
вǿߣΥŷ顣
䡣
һħ죬ŷ˹ȥǳһС򣬴ʱȴȫ٣һħ޼ɵİֱӹŷ磬гơ
ݹħŷڿݹħϣ˸Ҫһ㡣
ݹħûһѪ⣬ֻʣ¾ӨĹͷɢһħ⣬ŷĻڵĻ˸һ£
ƾҲɱңŷ粻м
ɫƽȴһɱ⣬춯أҪһ㡣
ݹħɫܵһɺƴܣ֪ŷǿȴû뵽Ȼǿزƾܣܹѹˡ
ܵһΣŷҪˡ
λѣݹħλħλ߳ŷΧм䡣
ݣǿˣһɣУҲֻĿܡ
ŷɫ΢䣬ֱһλħ֣죬⻷ƣһ硣
ϻħŭŷһ֣ǾУͻƣԲŻ־
ħƣ飬ŷ绯Ĵֱ飬ǿɱˣħһС磬ֱӽŷֽȥ
ۡ
ŷһֻ£СɱȥϻħӲһ𶯣˻ԭλá
ϻħһѪ˳ܵ˲˺
ݹħԿԷеĺȻһ֮ʱŷ绹Ҫħ׵ܹ棬ڹŷ籾лɵʵ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬оеɱȴӵıˡ
һ֣ɱӲ񿪿ڣǳǿ󣬻֣ӿ֮䣬޾ǳ
ʱֱӳ֣һٲʥޱȣȴ̺žɱ
ŷ糤Хֱɱ𣬽ٲƣѪڣһȻŭһ
һɿֲХħǿߺȻУѣһ鿪ˣǱѪȾһ
Ѫʣڳ˶𾪣ǴŹŷ磬ڿһ
һ֮£شһʵ״ﵽʲô磬ֻһ𣿿ݹħеĺ£ŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷת̫ͼ֣һʵ磬ݹħײһ̫ͼ飬ݹħĹȴ˼ƣ쳣ֲ
ħ˹ŷ֣񻷣ڸգѹ񷣬ŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷ糤Х貣޾ǵĹɨɳȥݺǿƵ˼㣬ħɫǶһۣԿԷеľ


659 ɱ
⻹һɰȻǿƵɣҲһ㣬Է̫ǿ˳ǵ
֣Ȼ䵽֣ǿ߽̽˹һĻ̲֮סһͬʱڹŷսһѵʶһǶǶ֡
ⲻܡݹħ𣬳𶯣˷ҡҪһ
һ֣϶ûбֳôǿһжǼһɱɱܱ磬ŷһִֻ飬ֱӻٵ˰ߡ
һֱ磬Ϊɣкų޵дڣסŷһƣըһٵһĪĳ衣
λǿҲŭһŷ硣
һ־ɱݣκһ֮µǿˣҪ磬Ȼ飬Ҫüͷǡ
ǹŷ类Уȴɫ䣬¡¡Ѫһ⣬ȥ
飬ŷ粢Ѫϳֿµ˺ۡȻǸˣħҲܡݹ񼸸ͷը飬Ϊɻңħͬѣȴһۣʤϣ
۱ԴǾԱȹŷǿ󣬱ϾΪɣ˻ˣŷҲס϶Ҫɱ
Ҳ֪ʱ˵Ķ϶ǿ߶ˣǹģȻû˳֣ڡ
Щ죬ʱȴ޷ȥ˼ЩΪսڱˡ
ŷ˫̫ͼѹɫƹȥȴûȫ̫ͼѹϣѣԪ񶼲һ㱻ˡ
ɫܵвԪȴŷſһֱ˶档
𶯣Ԫ˶ܹŭ𣬵áŷֻأԪȻųƲ𣬵ʱȴҲסˣܿʧһƬؼ䡣
ݹħסˣȻɫ䣬ŷɱɣһֲִǾŭӣ֪սȥĺпŷ糹׻ɱ
Ϊɣųٲ࣬𣬵ҲֻԶԵģǼ޵ʱ򣬻ɱǡ
ϻħ죬ǴʱȴתߣһԥûУĶʣµĿݹħ˾ŭӣû뵽ϻħȻߡ
ŷԼħɫתܣ֮ͬزز
֮Уû˭Ǳŷʵ̫ǿˣ˺ɱŷ磬ֻʣǹŷĶ֡
ٽսȥҲһ³ŷɱ
ŷֱӷ˷Ĵħ˻ŭɱȥĴħɫ
û뵽ŷ羹ȻǿƣǾ˻һִͨȻǶûֶΡ
䡣
ϻħվڵһƬռ飬һƬ磬˺ɳȥѪһӡ
ںڵѪڴϣʱһƬأ
ϻħҽУŷԼɱ˹Ȼɫеҡ
ݹħԹۣղŶϻħľٶŭǣǸûоԮϻĪ˼
ֻȴˣǶϻħǾһǿս
ŷ˹һֻ˳ȥ̤ڶϻħϣķѣԪ񣬻һڹ⣬ţҪ塣
ŷһӣϻħԪ˹Ȼ̵ֱ
𶯣ڷŶԷԪ񣬳ᣬݹħǶһۣ߳˹
Ҫʱ򣬻ɱŷ硣
ŷһЦһͻȻ⣬дһɰѹ˱ɫ
٣ֳǵԺУݹħɫࡣ
ŷͻˣɵԪΪͻɾ磬ɾ磬١
ַΧڵǿߣ˰ɽٵˣȻǵΪڹŷٵĻ
һִѣݹħǾŭ⣬ȴԼôǺ𶯲ŴǶըˣأҪ٣ȴȻ׷ˡ
׽֯һƬĺ󣬳׽û
ŷ׺Уʼ׺еܹס֮Ԫ֮ˡ
Ȼ׺޵УҲ˺ŷ磬ΪΪһ֡ŷΪٴΧݻһķҲ
ŷֻǿһۣȻЩֱȫˣУһֲϢɢһΨҶĴƣںҪһ
ҵʲô⼴֤ŷʮã涼ڲǳܲסϡ


660 ر
Ҫзֻǹŷĵ˶ݣܵһɿֲϢɢ
һִǣУԼ֮⣬ų⣬飬飬ΪһСģͻǴɱ
Щǿߣ˵ܹԽ䣬䲻ڣǵĵҲ棬û롣
ֻһֳȻ̬ѣڹŷҪģǳ׵ĳѳȥϹŴ񣬶ھȻڳԡ
䡣
ؿˣ޾ܽŷոûڵһʱը飬ǿͷ
ҮͻҲľսղһ£ס
ܣĵںɱŷ磬ǶߵĳͷȻϹŴ񣬶סᱻ׻ɱ
ŷȻ죬վδ񣬿Ҿǳɾ飬Ҳδܹסĺɱ
ΣȻϢֻǽȻһǴ飬ס
ҪأȴʧˣȥվĺԶһĻжϡ
ϹŴ񣬶޷ѣһȥһССɣȻ־ٶֱǿЦҲɫùŷʵ̫Դˡ
ĲˣУߴɣء
ӹŷ磬ʲôû˵ȴһִϣڳɲٿڡҮͻҲ֣ʮգǽأʥ貣һС绷ƣҮͻĤݡ
˳֣֮žû˸ҿڣȻҲηĿˣһ˳̬
ôҮͻͻȻڣѯĲᡣ
ֶΣǣǳɹԽǿߡĲῪڣ˶ۣĻһɧףһǿʲô
ҮͻͷŷЩӣеһͷ֪ŷΪʵĿġ
ŷٴը飬Դȫĥˣ˶ùŷҪʧܵʱһ˿ԴͻȻʼǴֻһ˲䣬ǹǴ㱻˸ɾ飬һĪϢУգɢبϢ
ǴʧĲ¶һĨϲ⣬˵ͷϲѡ
ŷͷлĲᡣ
Үͻ˹ŷһۣ̾Ϣһ뿪
Īֻˣ͸˹ŷɫ˲šɫ̾ŷ񣬾Ȼһ˿
졣ǽĻȴһ˿壬ûĵӣȥ顣
ż죬Ȼ˵˵ѣĹսƣ˵Ͻ磬Ȼճˣȴ磬ʶ˹żҵǿơѪħڣѪƣͬһѪӣɢŹ쵽Ϣ
ż˲ӣÿһţŷΪ죬ҲҪ֤һ𡣡һڣնоһĤݣϢ֮񣬶ضá
ȻҲһǿ񣬿ҪˣĻһЩܹ֮ɾ飬ĳ磬ΪϽе
˵֮󣬶Ĭˣż̫ǿÿһ˶ų֣ѹ콾̧ͷ
һһǿ߳ɳˣܿġ
ŷɢĪϢڳˣһľǾ쵽Ǵܹ׻ǣҲ̫񣬻һĪϢ
ǴȻرʣ;壬ĳɾͣҪԽϹŴˡҮͻɫӣܵŷǱһҪŷĳ嶯뵽֮ıҮͻԥˣҲסܶĴ
Ƕ֪ܶĿģյİˣ˭ͱȻܵܶıȻϹŴ񶼳ܲס
һΣҮͻϧԥһ£վûг֡
ĲתղһֱҮͻϣûгֵĴ㣬һҮͻ֣϶ҪסԷ
ĲҲ֪ԼҮͻ֮䣬಻СδǶԷĶ֡
ΪϹŴΪϵۣȻϣһʵȴҲСٱȴʱĲҪǿ
ԭġŷЦΪڽڣû̫ĽǴʱڳȴоŷȫһˡ
֮ǰĹŷ磬ǻһ˿սĿܣȴȫǹŷĶ֡˿ŷ磬һصĸо


661 Դ
û˵ǿʧŹŷ硣
֪һ֮󣬶ԷȫԽԼ޷֮ȡɣ¶סǰһѾ̤һ·Ȼֻǽڣȴ޵Ŀܣǿ̫ˡ
󣬴ӴԺ󣬹ŷΪӵĸӿ٣մΪ˵е飬֤Ϊǿ
һչƽûٸ¡
Ů֣ߣӵɽۣŨ⡣
Ҹ׸ңҪ㸸ĸףǽ޸ҡòӢ䣬ɢһɿֲϢȻһǿߡ
൱ͷɣӿ֮䣬ǳлϱ֣һ
𣿡ŮŹ־飬òɣ⣬ٷ
ʵȷʵӣΪһˣ̣ҲǵС̶ţգʮ꣬Ƕˣܹˡ
С̶ףΪſҪ׷Ķ
ֻһϵϣ׶ʱԵĽռΪӵˡ
ȻҸȻƷէΣڴ棬ǱȽϿ׵ģģҡ꿪ڣдŵЦ⡣
Ȼ˵ԼƷզأΪˣȴԼĸס
Цһۣһ㣬ŷʵǺˡ
ٺһЦûзԶ͸һɳȻϢ겻ǱˣǹŷĶӹ졣
䡣
ͻȻһ𾪣ǸоһӴϢ𣬰𶯣ؽԲ
ʲôн䣬һ־սɢޱȷϢ
վԣɫȣûиܵǿϢʹĲҲȲŷųΪܳĴڣɵǿߣҲûѹԡ
Դһѹȣصϡ
ǵǰɹޣһϢԻɼֻǿһۣǱ㾳
һ˾ѣ뿪ɽ壬һУ˷顣زۣ籾Դ֮ȻΪɣҲܿӡ㹻ޣڸղһ̶㿪Ѿһˡ
˶һۣԿԷе𾪣뵽һֿܣرԴһԻʥȻǵĸĸ
ˣ
һصǿ֣߳ʮɣأΰֱԴ֮ش˹ȥ
һϮǸǿ߾ŭ⣬ȴסը𾪣ղǸǿߣһոսɾǿߣȴϽ⣬޵Уû뵽Ȼˡ
һӰ֣칬һǿߣڷУ޼䣬ݣϢȴǿһҪĤݵĳ嶯
һǿߣ˸񣬳ȴ鼸ûе֣ܹ磬
һ̤סһ˵е飬˽ȥǿԼҪ͵Ȼ̤һϡ
̳Ծû뵽Ǹտʼǿߣǿ߲֪ģȻһֱΪ֪
һѪɫӽ٣ס˶Էȥ·ѪħƿնһѪӣסǿߵ·
籾ԴҪһΣд컯ֻҪõ˴컯ȻɶۺĶɣȻȫڸϹ
ѪħǸǿŭѪħѾȥˣʱˣѪħɱ߱ս
սնˡ
ںϣһ籾ԴΪһ壬罫̲ƣ֣޷ռ䡣
ѪħЦԷս˿ɵ֣Ѫ˺񷣬һǶը顣
ǼֲϣѪħԼۣͲһҪɾɡ
ǸǿȻܵͬһϢֻǽ˼£㳹ס֣ȻУ𲻶ʱᳬѳȥ
ѪħɫأŶ֣Ц˵˭Ȼôԭʼ껣ֲ
֮һ˶𾪣һһʱǿߣǸʱ껳ս磬ǿ߶ʧȥЦգ߰ǿС
Ϊһսܵ쳣أѾˣȴû뵽껲ûһǿˣԼ񣬾ͲһܹΪˡ
ˣȻɣҲֻѪħͬҪɾǿߣŸţ˿á


662 
Ѫħ𣿡껿ڣһɵۣһߣôҪ֪껵죬۵䣬˼ԣҲҪΪеĴۡ
ͣɱҰѪħЦǺһĸǴ֣ȻᱻŵһɵûС
жţɫ䣬ڴǿܺ춯ء
ɫһ㶣ɱ죬ããĹᴩ棬ǿޱˣ龳֮£޵У˭ܹɨԷҲѪħȼǿߣܹ̹Ȼԣ졣
Ѫħͬ˿ʾѪƣһѪһУضһƬѪɫ
ǵ𶯻Ǿǿߣ̺һɴϣǿĳ˵
ȻħҪ壬Ĥǣǵħ
֣Ҳո֡һЦ𣬽֣ȻѪħվһɫƽֻĿⶢϵʱ¶һĨɱ⡣
ޱ飬һֻ֣񸲸棬ձ飬ض·Ҫ㸲ˡ
ںΪ껶
ˣ
𣬽֣ס껵ĹЦһһأ¶·û˹ɡ
ɫǧɣķΧȻˣ껻ǱˣڷûҰףһ˲˰꣬˲ĺꡣ
ʱ껵ᣬǰĺꡣ
ͬʱѪħҲ֣ѪѪΣ껾ȥѿһˡ
ˣǺһĸ֣һ֣ȻǶ֡
һ㱻ɱܵشҲˣһĻʱһ֮޵еҲҪ𣿵סѪħ֣Ҫɱ
껿⣬ȴվס˵֣ը飬ڷ
˶¶ɫ껾Ȼˣɱɫߣ칬ǿߣ汻ɱȴûκΰ취ʹൽ˼㡣
۾Ѫ죬Ѫħͽˣ֪ǵĶ֣Ѿˡ
ԣûѪħͻȻһתһĪɫʣ˵
ɫһȻҲܵղŻɻ칬ͷ껺ų޵У֣Ҫôף껸ɱҲܣԷʵ̫ˡ
ѪħѣŷԷûֻ껵һ߷껱ˡ
Ͳһߡ
ͻȻ֣һոˣһ˳˳졣ɫĮۻӿһ𣬰˵ǰӲ
껣û뵽ԽԽȥˣȻһ֣ʧ𣿡Ѫħ˵껣һøжûУһֵ⡣
ΪѪħһλѣ껵еġҲһһĵӣΪɲú󣬱껻ɱѪȾ񷡣
һִޣƽҪ֣껶ţɱ
һɳ֣ϰٸǶǿ˲ĵزеǿߡ
վһߣûκα飬ǰһĻûиоЩɵǿ󣬾վһҪǿƶˡ
Щ˿ǵı֣üͷһ壬¶һĨЦֺգҪ˻ɱһ쳣ǿ󣬸֪˵ݣֻûɱˣԼĴڡ
䡣
ɫһڷ䡣ȻǿأֱԷӲһ
𶯣ͬʱ˳ȥ˱ɫû뵽һɣȻǿزȻܹһƴƽ֡
ⲻܡǸ񾪺ɫȻ
ԼʵǳţһɶĶ֣ǹǿ֮һ
ڹǰȴʧȥֺɨ̬һƽ֡һûио˿֣֪ǰСһ˭ŷĶӣһˣȻֻڽɾ磬ǵŷҲɾ磬ɱ˼ħǿ˲š
οǹ죬Ϊŷ֮ӣ츳ֻ졣
żҵĴˣһһҪޣֻҪ֣¡
ûʲôܵģòҪٳ֣һ֪˭һЦɱ絶
ղһע⣬ȻҶ˳֣һǺҪ֪˿۵޽УӵžԵȨǰɱ۲Ź
ɫÿļǿߣҲɫÿǳ˵ĿⶢǸϣҪ˺һ
Ǹë֪ʲôݣͬʱҲ칬ĮһҪ˵ı顣
֪˵ݣԵĲ
Ӧŷ磬Ҹ쿪ڣȴ񷶼𶯡ŷ֮һЩǿ߶֪꣬һǿߣɨ޶֡
Ǹһû뵽ͷȻôȻǹŷĶӣ뵽ŷΪˣһߵĳ嶯
رԴ֣ŷǲ֣ǲǳأǱŷˣɡŷ뺷սǳɱɣô꣬˵ŷûһɵӶš
ɵӣȻŷôûг֣Ӧøӵɲˡ
һ˵ͷؼǿߣоǹŷϣ˾㤡
䡣
һ죬رԴٴα˶ɫһ߶˹ȥӦȽɣرԴУֱڷ
˶ȻǱΪԼǿˣȾָرԴڿǲĻ̫Զˡ
رԴֲֿΰҲס
ЦԶС̶һرԴ뷨ûСܹɱϹŴǻҵʱرԴǰϰĴڰˡ
ֻеȵƽܹĽ롣ҪȥΪڳҲǿˣԭأ͵ȴرԴظƽʱ
ڴʱһɿֲӰ֣أǶݲǵǿĵزԵϢ
˶ǳܲס˵ϣʵֲ̫ˣ飬Խ֮ϡ
ôܣоȻ顣˾ɫȻ
ЩɣΪԼǿȴû뵽ϾȻڣȫѹǡ
鿴òһϢȴڲ֮ϣǿеˡЩɣվۣ֮£û˷ǵУѪħͽҲһǰҲȻʧɫ
ⲻܹ󼰵Ĵڣʵ̫ǿˣԽ֮ϡ
о˸֪ˣΪѾˣֻû뵽˵е飬ȻĳԼǰ
뵽Լ׵Ļ¶һĨŹֵЦݣϣ飬֪ĽɣȻĻһ϶кϷˡ


663 Ө
飬߶޾飬ĤݣԼﵽ龳磬پʵ̫ˣ֮԰򣬼ӿǵĳɳ
ɱɿһأȻʵ粻࣬ǿԻ޾飬ΪԼͽ
ǳǿƣϢеɶ˿ˣվڵһλرԴѷ죬ɫ
ǱҲ̤ȥȴܵһɿֲԽǣһóȻ룬Ǳ
飬ȴҲ֪̺֮žأԴ֮иǲɲ⣬ȻóȻ롣
һгһͭʥϢ䣬һǿƥһ˿Ϣѹš
ͭ˽ȥͭرԴӴʱƽȻҲûһ㲨ˡ
һȺˣǸ飬˲⣬ɻĶԼͭʲôʱôǿˡ
ɫȴҲЩԵãһһۣһ̤Ҫȥ
ǸٶҲһ⣬ֱӳ˽ȥ
ڴʱرԴٴα˲佫ͭ鱻رԴ棬ǿıԴҪ
һĻ˿ɵۣرԴղžȻյУѵʶɣ
˵ЩɣЩɴڣʱҲעһĻ֮һ֪ʲô顣
֣ܶ߸Źŷ磬ԶһӰػʶһۣɫЩŹ֣رԴֱ֣־ǾȣԼʧˡ
Ͻʬ㿴ʲô𣿡ػʵɫЩء
ܶҡͷЩ˵ҲرԴԼʶҲʹ˽ֶΣƿرԴһ˵
ܶĻػͷҲû˵ʲô
ŷҲڹ۲죬С̶ҲڳʱЦЦк˹
ס
塣
˹ŷк
ŷ翴ػͲܶһۣȻЦ˵λǰڴˣϽݼ֣أòܶػЦ˲׹ŷ˼
С̶ﲻ֪˿϶˲ˣŷ綼ǰǴ˵еˡ
뵽һ񣬿ڳǰ
ܶ΢΢һЦӻóһһĳǹڹ˸һĨʺ죬Ѫʡ
ǹжػֻǿһۣ㾪һЩ𾪵˵ôֱʣǹǴ˵еǸɱʮλϹŴǹû뵽Ȼˣǹһ飬¶˲˹ˡ
˻һŷ綼һѵǹħҪǿħǴ˵еĵһױ
ǿŷ˼ܶ˵ħϽ磬Ҳǵһױֻûȫ⿪ħķӡĻˣҲסħһɱ
˻һŷһ²⣬Ϊħʵ̫ˣȻڵľ˵ǿףվǲ紫˵еô죬ˣԭħûȫ⿪ӡ
к飬ŷѯô¡
ֻǵõĴ𰸣ȴùŷЦãԭҪﵽ龳磬ܹ⿪ħĵӡҪ꣬Ծûи߹ŷ硣
ħֻӡоŵĵӡһһ죬ҪǿҪгѪܹ
˵ΪŷţȻԱȼϹŴֻǱԨȻһɳġ
ֻǳѪùŷͷۣ󣬿ɱˣһܹŵӡȫ⿪
ûôˣϽУǸĵˣ㽫ȻҪϣϽɱһ췭ظԤ԰㣬³仰ùŷЩ㶣ѵϽҲж˶Գ仳е⣿
ʣȫ˵ˣֻǸ߹ŷ磬ȥܻй¶ʱнɴڻ֣ɱΪ¶ѣΪϽϢǲ⴫ﵽ½ģһֹ
ŷƣҲûʡ
ΪԽߣֶԽţܹᵽԼСڿɱɣǺϽǿȣ㲻ʲôһɱԶûС
쿴˹ŷһۣɫЩȣڲŽɾ磬ӵѳǹܹˣɴ˿ɼѳǹȻҪ
ŷͷ£֣أǹյУһ󼤶
δӡնɱϹŴʮǿ˲һУȻֱ棬ϹΪˡ
һĻòܶػĶЩ㶣Ҫ֪ǲܶõѳǹô꣬ûշѳǹû뵽ղź͹棬ѳǹ˹Ϊˡ
ɵõС̶Ȼϲ͵͵Ŀһ۲ܶе˼ԣòܶЩЦá
ػŭŬ죬ʾС̶ĶػҪȥ
ػܶɫһϽʬȻóһͭͭӣӰɼɵľӣҪ塣
ʵ޻ʲôĵطûУػֱӸС̶
С̶һЩʧֻһͨСӣһĵطûСС̶죬һίӣΪһŮС̶¶ı飬ֻĳǰŻˡ
ı飬ػЦãŷɻĿһͭͻȻ⣬ûͭС
䡣
һɿֲϢ磬ǹϢޱȣһŮķУԽʱա
ΰޱȣĽ°裬ɻչᣬŮΧƣƮɣ׻Ľ¡
һŮǿڳ˶һȥŷܵһӴѹħһ𣬲ŵϡ
ǹҲ⣬ڹϡ
ǺͲܶˣ˶ȥɪɪɣһһͳΪĴҲһסŮϡ
ţϽ޵֣˴һһͭû磬ҺοڡŮ𿪿ڣ磬Ǹ춼ڱ飬һƬأ·ݲ
һйƽŮӰʧ̵ڡ
סˣɴ۾ʱɵӣ֪Լõһ˲Ķ
Ө̫ʱϽΪ𣬴ϹŴʧˣԽϹž磬ﵽһΣû뵽ȻǽһͭȵǸˣҲزˡܶ̾Ϣ
Өһİĳƺ֮˵žޣϽ磬ѹ£ʧ٣ܶϹŴΪͻˣʲô⣬Уȴû뵽Ȼ˽ԼһԼĵŮʾС
ŷ˽һʲôڵʱ򣬶ǿ󣬶ʱȻˣһϹŴ񶼴óŮˣųϽͳϽ£˿Υֻ˼
˼ӦΪһˣ˸֮̾һ֣ϽҲ޷ơ


664 Դ֮
˻ǳױɣֱըˣеȴ޷Դ֮أƽһж·ûз
΢΢üܶػͬʱǰԴ֮ر³һǵϡ
˻ֽǹ飬üͷܶĺȵԴ֮أ֪Ѿʶһ𡣡
˻һԴ֮𶯣һߣͷ׷΢΢Щͣǻȴɢһǿ嫵Ϣòܶ˶ɫ
ǱԴ֮ػγɵǣֻû뵽Ȼ̬һߣѾĺꡣ
뵽Ȼ뵽һֿܣɫ
ܡܶüͷ˵ߵϣܵһһּϢҪʧС
߼ȻرԴȻĻ綼ڡ
ػҲһܶһۣԿԷеľ
ҪˡرԴ֮鿪ڣдһɲȻٲģǳһ⣬ʧˡ
ˣôŷѯʡ
һ
رԴ֮鿪ڣùŷ絹һ
Ϊʲôܶѯʡ
ϽôͨȡرԴѾˣұԴľˡرԴ֮Ц֧أؽдѭԹãȴ˳ȡִ֪ͨˣһϹŴصĳȡͼֲסˡ
˭
ػ⣬ػߣƬأȴҪˣŭ졣
ذħ
رԴ֮鿪ڣɫ΢΢Щ
ػܶͬʱ䣬֪ܹϢرԴ˷ǳǿȴû뵽ذħ
ϽһħųħĴڣĴڣһʱǿߡ
ŮӨϽ磬ֻܹذħ֮һɴ˿ɼжŮ
籾ԴʧذħҲһУһһġܶɫأдһĨɱ
ϽУ˵ĵˣֻذħ֮һ
ȽֶνضϣرԴ֮飬ǰһ顣ػڣĿرԴ֮顣
ɫһϲͷܹӦǰĴǳ֣Լ˵յˡ
Ҫݽˣֻ꣬нضذħܸգ׳ûģرԴ֮أɱϹŴ񣬵ֻҪ뿪ȴǳΪ൱һɡ
λҪʲôرԴ֮ʵ
껨
ꪡ
һ𿪿ڣرԴ֮鶼ɴ۾ͻȻ𣬲˼ĶˣƲסеǡ
֮ӣȻ֪ݵġܶ콩ʬŷ֪ػݣȴ֪뿪ڣػ˵ǰݣѾȥˣΪػ
ܶû˵ûʲô˵һͷֲĽʬ
֮һͷȻ˫һһ滨˳ɫʵĹΣ滨ΧȻǳ𲻶Եü졣
껨ܶһϲֱһ֣껨ɹ
ڴʱһֻɫľצѲ񷣬껨ȥܶХһŭɫצײһ£צƣһѪ䣬һѪɫϽֱܶӽЩѪڣȻֲĹ⣬ᴩŽδǧ硣
޾⣬һƺǳһ̶ϨˣһƬݼš
죬Ҿͳȫ㡣ܶХ͸޾ʱգϽ硣
һߴǿûٶ֣ȥ
껨ܶУһֻɫҲ˳ػУХһһͷųһӴϢܺš
һ̣ػԳһ쳣Ӣˣһͷڷ磬޾ɱһȫ綼ˡ
֣ػһȫûΣͻȻе˳ȥû޾һҽдꪷ˻ûػУһŭ˻¡
죬һϹŴϽпӣʱ׼֣ȴû뵽ػֱꪣˡ
飬һŻһֲ֣һֻţɽһС綼ڲҪһ
Ǹղػ˵ϹŴ񣬴ʱȻҪ
Ͻ֮½磬ǳѣΪشƣҪĴ۲ܹ
ڴʱһգֱӳǵŻŻ飬ǸϹŴ񷢳һУȻȻ
һϹŴ䣬˿ɵۡһ̣ȫһƬѪɫһЩҪٵϹŴȣֱ˻ȥ
ûŭ𣬳š
а˸Ц˵һȺ˵ӶĲɱǵļӣȻһֲһ㽫ɱˣҪȥϽ磬Ⱥ쵰ɱһɾ
ƾ㣬ֻһˡһĮϳһӰһˣڲϣɢŲϢ
ˣӻصϽ磬ʱ򿴿㵽ǲĲЦɱʮ㡣
֮䣬Ǹɢؼ䣬ղֻǵ˵ͶӰûսԲŻױ顣
Ҳ̲סˡܶ¶һĨЦݣΪҪǱȥء
رԴҲҪȡһǸͷӳҵĶбرԴ֮飬ǳ
ڳ˶֪쵰һУˣǵвˡ
һѳ˳ҫ޾Ѫ硣
ϹŴеǿվһƹᴩ
ʱرԴ֮ͻȻһ¶ʹɫܶɫ΢΢һ䣬Ƕһۣ˵ذħǸ쵰ķ׶Ρ
һ֣һ⣬ûرԴУһ޾ħҪһ㡣
һħرԴ߳ȻĿ˲ܶһۣ˵Ǹҵšըؼ䣬ʱرԴ֮黯ߣ忪ʼı仯ֱӻģĵĴЦĶѣڽˡ
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ܶ˰֣ȻرԴ֮ͷֱ뿪
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˵֮ǰǶ֮ǳȴδܹһȺɫȻ֪Ĵγˡ
ŷ翴һһִۣŹȥ
ѾˣûбҪ
ʮȥˣŷӵɲ⣬Ȼɣľ磬ɾǿŷ絯ָɱһı֣ɶ֪ŷ粻ɵУѾȫԽǡ


665 
ิգƵ޾ħʬնɱǿߡ
ЩǿϽеǿߣħս£Ͻնɱǡ
һƬƬ£˻һѣ֮˲ݣǿ٣Ȼֲܿ
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ſһ׹ûŷУϵĽƶģˣҪʧŷܵһϤϢǸ졣
죬ŷŭ񷣬ܵһص磬һȭﴫһƴĲȭ
һ½ϣҲ죬һЦϽ磬ھͻɱ㡣ĮӹŷΪϡ
ŷЦͬ˵㲻Ͻһ棬ҲҵŮ˳֣Ͻ磬ұն㡣
ߣ޾׹ԻҪŷǻ
ŷ⣬ڱס񷣬޾׹ⶼսУ˲¶ĵɫӲ졣
Ӱ֣ͲܶһϽ֮дһƺߣܵˡ
ǺһжԳˣһ֣ϹŴ񼶱ǿȣĺԶ
ܶ죬ǲҪ̫֣ҪΪϽûܹεǡŭ˻ˣȻǺأȴЩ߳ŭˡ
СҲ𣿡˵һǿƣ֣ͬҲһλһС
첻˵ˣȻ¼ŭ죬ԷĲһлɱʱϹŴҲס
粻ܹȾָģĴ㣬ʵʵȻҪܶڣݵϽ硣
ЦһΪȻ龳磬һֻԼĸ֣ԼţԼ죬ƿԼһС
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׽ʧ۳ĳΪ顣ɢǵصϢԽ֮ϣսĤݣףһĲ
ϹະһһϵϢʧ˽ŷĻУݺݵһڡ
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ӹŵ񣬲֪ʣΪϵǿߣȴǶɱڰϡ
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ŷ𾪣ȻһطҴӲܶУܶ˼ϲϽ磬硣
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˻һŷһ⣬˵ģ

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ŷҪһ·콾ۣŮ˶¶ĵɫʲôû˵ֻĬĬֹ֧ŷ硣
֪ԼˣһˣȻҪչ죬ֳɾͣԶԶļޣǲΪԼԭùŷĽŲͣͲǰ
ȥɡ࿪ڣѾˣҼǿ󣬻ָ˵һΪʱһ飬Ķ֡
ŷֱҡͷ˹ĻԼŮ˷գȻӦ
̾ϢµղֻǾһ¡֪ŷһ飬Ͳı䣬Ĳȥˡ
ʧ䣬ŷЦҲǲȥ翴˭Ҳ֪֮󣬻ᷢʲôӵһ˳뿪Ҫ˺ٻǣҲֻܹǡ
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𣬵֮Уܹ˳ƺˣֻһǾħȻУϢǴȥء
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ŷüΪһÿ·ʿűսףɢһɱɱ֮η
ۣǿߣ˵һеǿߣҪһ·ɨȥ˵ǵݡ
磬һİ磬ŷе飬оİ˵ĻԶУĻǺȣѵǸͨԲɡ
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Ļһ˷һЦ˹תһõߣĤݡ
֮УȫǼ֣Ϊ磬ֵطλǿߣɫ߰һ㣬һС
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ֻһжͽͣȻɾ磬龳ŷȣȴ̫ԶˣֱӱһȭɱѪǱ飬סˡ
ҩһȺУ㲻ǿҲԲһϲεĸ֣һڣȻһȭɱˣñЩϹŷɫŹŷг˼ɵ
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̷üͷһ壬ڹŷǰۣ˵ǲҪ̫ˣŷû㡣
ֻĻ˵ڣԷ֡
ǹֱӶ̷ͷ­̷ɫһ⣬ȴȻסʵ̫ǿˣԶԽ
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ĳŷ˵ķǳݣֵǸ֮һǿߣȴЩǱ
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667 
ֳպأû˿ùŷ磬ˣΪУȻǿߣΪ飬ҲҪ䡣
ɱϣδʱ򣬱ѾˣŷֻǼеһˣ츳̫Զˡ
ҵǰ㲻ֻһϰˡϴ󿪿ڣ䣬⣬ɭȻɱ
ϴ󣬺οϻ̤磬Ǵҵĳ裬Ӧ̽ˡ϶Цɱ絶
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ǹǰȥµľ֣󣬷ʬʲôкС
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ŷ˹ȥȻһѪޱ޼ʣ۳۳ХſֲϢȴȻסȫɳȥ
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ŷĮ˵ɨۣɫᡣ
⼸Ǻǿ󣬵ǲʮصʱ䣬ŷѾһֲľ磬ɾ磬ȻһֱڻԼҪ֤
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ŷЦܴܶԷһΣܴܶԷڶΡ
սǵһ̣ЩѾûʸΪĶˡ
սҪһϵӰȴм䣬ֻǵɨһۣ˱Ȼ˺ü
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668 ۹Ī
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Ӵ֮类磬Ҳ硣
ŷЦĵ˵պǾ֪еļ֮ˣνǲڽµġ
̷ûоùŷ˵󻰣ʵѹۣѾһ־˵ı֣ŷ˵ǿе
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̷ҡͷʾԼûŷ¶һĨʧ䣬ЦŰοֵ㲻⣬ʵ磬ֻһ·һоʮ·ʮ·غϵģҲԯ죬ڱ·Ҳ˵
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һ֣ǿ߳ȥŷΧм䡣
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ҲĪ޿ֵԭ֮һǸǿվһߣûг֣ڹŷУһ޵еţַɣֻڼϿЩˣһ磬۹С
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ȳ֣ǹȥ̺ſµɱȻһɣ嶼ܱˣ͵ס
ͬʱǿҲ֣ʥϢȻ߳˺Զǿߣˡ


669 Ѫ۹
֣ȻǸ콾ΪͲǶ֡
˶۷׷ףŷɫ˿ϧһ߳˽ܣȴҪˡ
䡣
ŷһƬѪ˷쳤Х糤趯ᴩȥ콣
۵ĹƱˣŷɫĮȻǰɱȥĿ꾹ȻҪΪǿߡ

ǿЦǿŷڿһˡ
۷ɣҲ׼ΪУֱһЦ
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貵Ĺⱬʮأ׼Ĺƿŷ嵽ǰչǽսԷɫٷŷĹ
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Ӣ۲۳Զֻǿߣܹܵ˵ء
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һ˿ϢƣȻҲһ׼񣬼ɹ

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׼ȻҲһ֣վ˲̫ԶˣԶԶǶ֡
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һ̣һ貵⽫ڵĵطûﳹ׻ΪһƬޡ


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״ڳ״̬׵ķһ㲻ʲôٴοڣ߹ŷһϢ
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ܵŷ뷨֮ԱǣҲ̫СϹŴˣϹŴܶɱ֮ۼƵģӵķҪ֪ϹŴУķ·ҲһģһССѣ㲻ʲô
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ŷ֣ûһ˿ڣղûбɱʹףһ˲䱬ֲķеסˡ
ôܣǸɫû뵽ŷ£Ҫ֪ҲֻбĨɱˡ
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˻һ̷˹ŷһۣȻŷһʮӣʱȻ֪ŷ϶ʲôơ
ֻһ²ѣа˲գҲ¶ԵĻǳȥʱ򣬾Īұƽʱˣǲ²ԣԶԶأ͵ʶҡǹŷĻаһһ׷ɱȴûаմż˳ȥ
ڳĶǸ콾ŷĻʱʲô˼ɵõͷΪ̷ִֵʱҲرЦǿһɱ鶼ͬɱһ㣬ǵʱվΪŷӸһôûС
ʮգ˶ۼһƬȵСŻ
ʮʱ䣬֮һеǱɱģеǱɱġ
ʮʱ䣬Щһ˿۵߶ٳɳˣɫɣ˲٣Ϣӳˡ
ȻѪ𣬵ǸгģȻ츳˫ľȴǺٵģ󲿷ʱ򣬱ʦųţʲôΣա
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675 
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ɢǿϢ쳣ˣùŷ綼оѹ
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Ǹߣɫڣѿ˼㡣
Źŷ磬Ϻε͸ɱһ۹عɫ΢䣬ߣʵĪ飬ղŵĻģ
ĪɫײһЦû˵ڳˣȴ˼ˣȻģȻĻĪ鲻ı֡
ƽʱĪҲҪΣĸ飬׵ֶڱɱ˵һصĴ
Īŭŷ֡
һָֻѹҪŷɱŷԭأͬʩչħɨն졣
һ۹عɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽Ī龹ȻȲĳ֣ŭס֡
ȻͬһĪĹ
վһûнĪĹסһ۹عɫ쳣ÿ֪ŷΣˣһ֣ȻŷҲɵסһʵĲࡣ
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Īһ㶣һ۹صĹʱץסᣬĪֲĹĪɫɳȥѪ
ԵɱңĪŭ
Եǵһ۹ع֣˵ĪҹȻƻһ۹صĹأܵĳͷȻܷιزܡ
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һûᣬԵץú׼ȷҪƽʱûʵǸղߴԵĪҵѾŷˣĺûᣬλŹ
һأԵǺЦҪĪң˵ôûʣҾҪ׻¹˭֡Īȴη壬ԵȻǿ󣬵ҲֻǴ񾳽磬Ǵͬһ׶Σ˭ʤ˭һء
Ӱ֣ĪĪ񷣬ǶԵɱ
Сѳ֣һ֮Եŷ˵
ŷͷ̤񷣬Եվһǲ绪սת˿µϢ
Ī֣ɱŷ硣
Ҫɱŷ磬ԷСУɱеĸˣǿߣԿ£ԼӣܹԸŷ硣
ֻԵѾ쵽ĪͼˣһЦֱӽضĪĹ󵭵˵Ķҡ
Ī鼤սһ𣬶ŷĿⶢסĪĪ졣
˼սһ𣬹ŷħɨԷҲǴƵģȻħУȴܹӼȫܣȻס˹ŷĹ
׹Īһ𣬶ŷѹȥ
졣Īյգޱȣŷɱȥ
ʩչͨʵȻٮٮ߶оֲѹ
ŷֻһһȥѪ죬죬ձûֱӱѪ
˺ɳȥ𶯣һ鿪ˡ
ŷ˹ȥ̫ͼѹ£ĪϣһսȴȻûеס飬ŷһɱˡ
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һĻĪ۾Ѫ죬ڹŷϣϵϢͻȻ񱩵˼㡣
Աָոճڹŷļ䣬һתܡ
ʱĪ峹ըŷ类ǿںϣһѪ
ǸղѾһˡ
Ա̫ǿˣԺһСи󷨻Ƽӹ̣¶Ѿˡ
߱ĪѪϣǲҽ˳˵Ѫ⣬ǹŷĻ֮²մȾеɱһЩСʿ˵
ڳ˶ǸеٮٮߣȻܵһ˺ǻûһ䣬ǵǿ
ŷ޸һƣ˾Уֱӳ˴ս
Ī鷢Ե˽Էѹ·硣˶𺳣ɱԻΪ飬ͳܲסŷȴֱܹ֣ˡ
Ҫ֪Ų龳磬ֱ̫ˣ𺳡
Ī鱩ŭڴ򲻹֣ձм䣬ʱ䣬׽Īɱ


676 ս
һˣ߶ĿɿڴŹŷԵһɺ⡣
ĥһ񣬴ȥԾˣڳ磬ΪͻƣΪ顣
ȴκ˶ܳɹģеһһ޷Ϊ飬ΪҪΪҪ̫Ķˡ츳ʵ˺ͻԵȱһɡ
ŷɫף⼸ķѵʵ̫ھ޴ĪһͿʼָӴؾӿŷûǳ޹һ˲ʧоһȫ䵽ŷˡ
ԵҲһڲԼģֻǺ͹ŷȣı־ԵƽģȻҲӴľ֣ȴûйŷôˡ
ܿ죬ŷָ˺Ѳ񷣬˶һܵһ޵еơ
һµϿɹŷݡ
Ҳû˻ΪŷǼгˣˡ˵ģŷԼı֣㹻ˣһУΪǿʡ
˿õǿߣʱԹŷĹâʱȴҲԵðһâûС
Ϊָŷ翴ԵһۣȻԷ˵ͷһ̤صһ۹ءҲɢȥһսĪʧ鶼ɱʣµҲԵɱȫնݳһ󻼶
ܿ죬ŷд˶֪һ߳ǿߣһ֣ɱ˴񣬶սҲѹǿߡ
ٺųĴԾԾԣҪȴŷĵһս
ʱ򣬹ŷڵһ۹ʧˡ
˰սҲһֲ硣ǿߺǸǿ߶ǳĬٳһռ䣬ܹĥһ㹻սˣֱܹӿԽʮǳء
ŷ粻һһصĵ飬ĿģΪҪҵԯ죬Խĳ嵽ǰԽá
ŷţԯ츳Բܱں棬ǽǰĹؿһ·Ҫʱ䣬ܹĴڣ̵ܹʮꡣ
ѾʮȥˣҲ˵ŷҪʮ֮ڣھʮ۹أĻܹҵԯ졣
Ǳ֪ŷ뷨϶Ǿˡûܹʮʱ۹أ˽Ҳһ
սУ϶ӡǣܹԷԼˡ
ŷҪֱӽʮǣҪɱϰٸ塣
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һֻ𣬼޾ѪȵϢ֮ͬһħ硣ͷ֩뼫ǿ׼񾳽磬սȴǿˣŷһСĶһԿջǽԷնɱˡ
ŷϴŵһСʯͷһ£гһ֡һŷѾɱһˡ
񣬼ѰңƬսУʵ̫ܼˣû߳Զŷ㷢ľ޴󲨶
һȺǿߣǿ߷ս
ֻǼǿߣȻЩ֧ˣԷʵ̫ˣǵ֮ϣа˾Ÿ
Щǿ֣߳ŷ۾ˡ˾Ÿǿ߲вһĹѫ
ֱӳ˹ȥһƽǼǿ߸ȷ˳ȥȻԶԷˣЩ˵ҵģҵġ
˶ɵۣ֪ŷʲô˼
ǿߵһӦףŷ罫Լˣը˷ΣֱΧ£
Ƕҵģǲ׼ŷ翴ЩǿһۣЦ˵
Ⱥǿɵۣ̲סһۣԸأȺһｫԼ˳׽סˣǸԸһȺǿ߶ս
֮ʵģǿߵʵ̫ˣղǹŷ粻ֵĻǾԲк³
һŮЩغ˵ʲô軰Ͻӣ̫࣬ǲĶ֡
ӲˣǿߴͷɭȻ˵Źŷ磬гɱ⡣
ЩǿߣΣŷܹЩ˵ıδˣǼ֪ɵġ
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Էŭֱɱ
ȻһͷͻȴһԳһ쳣ǿޣѪ֮ˡ
צնˡ
ŷվûж緭ȴûܵһ˺
оһһȭԷȥ
һ죬צ飬ŷնϣһȭǸϻͷϣԷ飬Ԫ񶼱ˡ
һǿ߱ɱˣ˶һ˵ղǶӹŷ绹һӣڱʲôӶûˡ
һӣһǿǿߡ
ֻһɱ˶Էһˣʵֲ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ͷỢһ׼񰡣Ͳһ㣬ܹΪ飬ǿĲ˼顣ԵУǿ״̬ȴȻһɱˣŷǿˡ
㵽˭Щǿ߶˿ɫη壬Źŷ硣
ǿĴڣֻЩˣѵǰˣһλ򲻿ô޵ı֡
ҽйŷ磬ס֡ŷ¶һЦȻڼ˾У˳ȥǼǿߣȫҪ룬ȴŷ׷ϣȻһ򱬡
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ȺĸһۣŷеϧҪ⼸һɱˣҲܹɳɼ¶̲סˡ
ŷ񿴵ëȻ⼸ǿߵˣһ䱸ɫ
ٺ١ŷһЦȻ˲Զȥ
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зܵٶȴ˿һ׷һϣֱŷ˰ս磬Ǹһת뿪
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ֻȻ̬һ˫۾ǣȻˣĲϡֲǿߣȸղǸ񣬶Ҫǿ̫ˡ
ݺݵĴһڴŷû˵ԸǸһأֻһϻȻװһɣΪӿأû뵽һӲͷһ㽫Լȥˡ
˵ŷԵ쳣
һҲڰսʵ̫ƽˡ
ŷ߷߲ƽȻʧЦΪŷ˰սĹǰսֻдǿߣмսǿߣս߳֡
Ϣùŷ羪ȣΪսֻأȴû뵽ȻЩǿߡ
һҪٳ嵽ھʮ۹صԸ²ʵˣƴȫҲܹѣһǿߣŷߵûС
ǲǿֻǵʵ̫ǿˡ
ʣʿͶﵽ˳ɼˣŷٴսСһҲҴˣɱǿߣȻ˻
ŷصһ۹أһڵ
ŷعϢ֮¶һĨЦݣվɢһɿֲѹΧ˶¶һӡ
һ׼ǿߣһ׼ѾΪˣߵڶʮ۹أŷΪֱӳ˻Ҫŷһս
ŷύս֮󣬱׼뿪ʮ۹أȴס˹ŷ硣
Ҳŷ翪ڣ֦Ҫģҵԯ䣬飬ġ
νڹŷ˵ǿпޣпܵĻصȥ
ҽڣ֪ҪʲôˣֻҪһսҾ͸䡣˻һŷվסˣĿͶڣȻ˵ɽ
֪˵Ǽ٣ôϣܷŹ
Ϊһ׼Ȼ磬ֻǺ֮㣬ΪǿģǳΪֻΪǱ
ŷҲһҲֻʵЩߵԶȣȴ̫࣬츳ϣϿǣΪŷǣȻҪȺǿ棬һ¡
ڱҪսʱ䣬ͨһ۹˶뿪ˣ̷ȴҪȵŷ
ҪھսʱЩżڲǹŷɱЩܹȵģͬиɱǿߵս֮ͬкųƾԵ޵С
ڹŷһս̷ã쳣ǡ


678 ͨԾ
ŷͷ۶ԷûԯϢȻѾˣŷȻҪһսŹκλѰԯ졣
̷΢΢ԥһ£ſڵһߵļԶǿߣΪˣܲĶ֣г֣ɱɡ
ŷһ𣬶ҡͷ˵ãԼɱܴҵˣ֮ͬлڡ
ͬף̷Щ⡣
֤Ȼֻɾ磬ȴҪΪˣΪ׼ҲûʲôԵġŷ翪ڣ˵Լߵ·
̷𾪣֤Уֻмļ˳ɹն޾ĻԻͣʮأϽ֮жΪߡ
·Ҳ̫ˣ֪콾̤֤·ȴԻ١
̷죬β˵ðɣһҪСġ
ŷ統ˣԺܹġ˾ô֣ܹڸռûжãͳΪѣ֮
İɣһҪɨ·ҵأôܻܣֻһ׼ѣʹΣһɱ֮ŷ绰ϣÿֶһ콣һ㣬¡
̷ͷϿɹŷĻܵŷţ콾ܹӵеš
˾飬һ۹أ˶֪һˣǺ˿ùŷΪذܣΪŷո̤·
Ѿߵ˵ڶʮأڻŷսʵ˵ǳƽ˶ãһսûŷܶˡ
ڶգ̤۹⣬ǿнжԾ
ԵǶˣҪ֤һս磬ǰڵսټںڣʮУǿΪ˭ɱ˱ܣɳΪǿߡ
վǿУŷɫƽѩһͷ糤趯ѹסڶ
ϣǿУ࣬޷ǵλá
ֽȻͬĵһֶԼԵޱȣѹ죬һУغһͶ֮䣬֮ǳǿ󣬾žޡ
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ǿҵĶ֡ڿڣţٴУ⣬նˡ
ս죬Źŷ磬ڿһսߡ
仰Ҳ͸㣬㲻ҵĶ֡ŷҲڣϣ˸һɢϢء
ǿǲҪһ˺ȻҪ֪磬ųĵطѵȻܲס˵
֣Ϊĳƺǰǲ֪ĺ壬Ǵ˽ܣһǿߡ
䡣
ٴγ֣һſŴǺնŷѹȥƬضˣҪ飬û
ŷУ򷨲֣ݻ̫ͼһϵ棬ƹȥ
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ƶǺӶУУ֮ͨΪǿΰɱŷ硣
һֲķ£ɱ⣬ʮ磬Ҫŷˡ̺ŴֲǿߣҲһܹסҲڵһʱ
ŷУ߸磬Щգػס𡣶һѪ⣬Ѫɱȥ
ͨ棬˷ɾײ죬ԵĴЩ𾪣оǳ
սͬ죬˶ǿ˵׼񣬶һǿߣʱսֶζʹͨ춯ء
ɱ
ڴ۾ƽɫƽ۾ӵжһеԡ
ƽͫ˵еһ취ۣޱȣʹ¾ǴǿߣҲ׵ֿ
ŷ籬罣üƽײһ߷ײ
һѪսȴ˿


679 սʤ
Ŀƣٴγ嵽һУɱѪǺɡֻ˾ǿӿܿ㽫˺޸ˡ
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𶯣ֻѹ£ɢſֲҪڳѹڳХһſŴǳԿֻأնϣֻسơ
˭Ҳû뵽ܹزΪ֮䣬ֳܿݣǹŷıȴ˾ȣͨս˿ڡ
ٴηֻֿѪǷȻ󾲾У޸塣Źŷ磺һö֣ϧһսעҪܣͬ޵С
Ҳ뷨ӳڣ֮ͬУ˿԰ҡŷ絭˵İŨˡ
ϹŰϢأƬǿա
Ԫŷ˹һ쵶¡ǺӶ룬ҫ۵ĵ棬ɣҪһ롣
ڳХǳΪԼãǻ֮ʣһƬ޾ǺӣŷȥǺ쵶ײǻüһƣ𾪵УȻķˡ
һ˾Ե·磬ŷˡ
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ʤ˭Ҳ֪ʤ˭ǲ˭ˣȴԲ׹Ϊʵ̫ǿʵһ㶼ûˮ֡
ѪڵһսҪܲȥֱˡһЩ㽵˵
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Ǹ˺ٺһЦҲû磬ȻϿԼͬĻ
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Ҫս𣿡ʵȻս죬ǻѪѾʼȴˡ֪ǳȥֻܾ˵Ŀԣƴ
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ֻһ֣ȴ쳹档
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û뵽ŷľüͷһ壬ȴ˵ΪԼĽȻԷԸսȻԸ
һ̹ŷ綯ˣȫһ⣬ֻ𶯣Ȼ꾭쳹УѪޱߣŷ֣һͣת罣ͣеĵͨȫ罣С
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ڴͨ棬һ̣еľ·𸴻ˣ纣γһƬ󣬽ŷûС
䡣
һ죬ǿٵһһƬռ䳹ûû֪սĽ˵ڵȴԵڡ
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ˣܵһûСŷԾԵͨѹסˣȻȴ޷ƹŷĹױѹ
һ۹طˣһ콾սĻûսһǣȴ޿赲ˣʮ
ţպĹŷ罫ӻԻͣЩǿ߲Ϊҵײ˶ڴҪ֤һ̡
ŷջԼڿЦ΢΢ЩԣЩɬĿ˹ŷһۣҰˡ
ŷûгο֪һǿߣȻˣǲҪ˰οֻҪ߳һʧܵӰǿ
ԯϢŷ˵ںֻһ㡣
ڵھʮ۹һ棬о￴ҪΪԯ࿹һֱӵڡ˵Ϣùŷһбߵĳ嶯
⣬Խ޾գǴﵽ˵ھʮ۹ء
㲻õģھ֪ͨҵˣŮӶʮʱ䣬ڶʮʱ䣬ߵھʮ۹أδɽԯȳ
ˣŷü
ǸҪԯΪˣֵܣֻ֮ȴޣܹɹڶʮʱߵھʮ۹أΪܹﵽ񾳽磬ӦϣԽǸ˳ڿڣĿƣɱ⡣
ݣŷЩɻڵеأȻͨھʮ۹ء
æǸ˵ĶӣǸˣǸһޡ˵ܸĻ档
ڵĿУŷڵ֪Էݣϧߣһλ׵ǿߡŷ罫ּУϧѾ˱ɱĶ


680 
ȥһսŷ磬ֻһ㶼˲ڴԯϢϢȴãһסҪΪùŷǻҪըˣĹǺ
ʮʱ䣬񾳽磬ŷһսߵʵ
ȻŷԼҲû̫İգڻ飬ʮʱ䣬񾳽磬ԵЩ̫λˡ
̷ŷֱӽʮ۹ء
㹻Ĺѫֱŷڵʮǵʱ˿Ŀ⣬Щ
˳ûݣڣŷ·
۹ȥ磬һϢǿȻ˱ȥ̽ŷ磬ʱȴȫҶˣ±ɱ
Ƿףһ˸Ƕ֡
һҾ¥ﰲŷ񣬳˾ηеǿߣÿһγУޱߵķˡ
ЩƲˣŷá
һȺ˽ֱŷ
ǹŷ磿һư𣬳˾Ӹµζ
ɫζλȻҲ˹ŷ磬кϷˡ
Ƥ̧û̧ŷ絭˵޹ء
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ֻǵطӡ⿪ԵøӿˣѾԽߵˡ
ʶһ㣬ŷ絹һħжǿе㲻ˡ
ǹŷȴ֪ƾħףڿս߽֮ϵǿߣаջɱԷ
߽ףŷܶԷͲеôףϾ֮Ϊʵе̫ˡ
񾳽磬һǷˣ֮ӣ˭˭ǿŷȻս˫Ҳм޵ġ


686 ϺȻ
ɱ֮û뿪ΪоԼһֲĴڶˡ
ŷɫأʶһ㶼ҷɣ۲ܣͷðһ˿亹˵񾭱˼㡣
۸һʲôͣ϶ǹСһ𣬹ŷ߳һ꣬һڣȫûи˵ķȣһСƦӡ
֮󣬹ŷоϵѹȫʧʱǰ˾ԵǸˣҸղžԼ
ֵлѯʶԷ
ְ֪˶ˣûֵģͺɡ˵һǷùŷЩˡ
һ˯ӣװģˡ
˯ս𣿡Է˵Ȼûг֣ǹŷ籾ܵĸоԷһֲ
˯ĴڣѾһˡ
սսСûƻأƾʲôҪɱϲ˵첻һŪ㡣˯ߣӣһҪɼܵӣȻһСƦӵӡ
ɱҽ콾ٶˣѾ˵ߣȻҪɱǸԵ쳣ᣬֻȴûг֣Ȼ˯ǿסǿߣȻĻôࡣ
˯¶һĨЦм˵ƨսǸõģΪһػȻҪƹأŲţھɱ磬еſɱ
ԡǸҲȻ˯ΣգԵúܲˬ
˯û˵ֻһط֡Ǹطȫˣ׻ΪޣһĨѪȻʧ
ֻǸȴҲûٳ֣˯мƲƲ죬
ŷһ㶣ղһ΢ĲҽУȻǸ˱˯ˣһȫɱԼˣп֣˯׻˶ԷʲôΪ
˵˯һµĸ֡
ҪңΪһס˯ŷﲻ֪һЩʲôʱ̲סһ˵
һףùŷεĳ嶯Ҫ֪ϽУߵΪҲǿߣϹŴΪ
ϽУһһˡ
˯ΪһλߣȻػذսԵЩ죬ʵӦôطġ
˯˹ŷһۣﲻ֪Щʲôֻýֻͣǰ˰֣ˣɣҪŴүİߣˡ
˵꣬ʧȻˡ
˯뿪ŷԼоԼֱ˶ˣһֱӻƿռ䣬뿪
ŷǼ¼ɼĶ֮󣬲ѯɼǸһ£ŷڿһ
ɱ˶ٶˣԽҪĻˣһôġ֪ŷһս֪ǿ߱ȥˣһս£ɱҪǲٶ࣬ء
ں͹֮󣬹ŷ̤ʮ۹ء
ֻǸһֲ֣ܵĹһùŷ綼ˡ
˭ŷ綢ǰһͷɫͷ꣬üͷ
ԷڴһףǸѪħҪǿƣһϢţ˵ϡ
˵Сסһ𣿡Ϸʵ˸ųɱ
ŷЦΪʲôأû뵽ȻΪԭ
ҺͰ֮ûйϵŷͣʵڰ޸УȻΪ鷳
ɫĮǴʱȴһĨм˵ѪħˣھȻһ鶼ҳϣֱһų򡣡
ŷü˵ôôءѵҪˣԷ뵽ŷɫŹ֣Ȼݺݵĵ˵ͷҺͰйһϦ֮
˻һɫŭŹŷ磬ֻ˵ǰŷסڹŷĻ˵ȴǷǳĴ
һϦ֮뵽ĸ֣һҪѪĳ嶯
ŭ
Χ߿ɫʱ˿ˣͬĶŹŷ磬ͷˣ綼ܹߣڹŷȻΪҲʲô³ġ
ɱһԡŷҲŭˣһǲ⣬Լ鷳ԼϺͰйϵҪɱģΪԼ۸
ס֡
˽ŵʱһȵ𣬴ӵʮ۹߳һˣɢű˵ϣòΪϵ͵ʿһ
˵ĳ֣ɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һĨЦ޼ֹү£
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ŷһϼңҲţǿ֮һм쳣ǿơ
дԣϼϽУһڣΪһϹŴϼҲǿƺš
ϺȻɫ࣬޼·ҶԷҲǿ֧ţȫϼҡ
޼ĵ̣ͷûа취
Ŀ˹ŷһۣЦˡ
޼мĿϺȻһۣЦ˵ˣˣûĹ
޼ΪԴ֮ϣܿһѾŷսǳǿȻֻһףǴһ׵ϺȻԲǹŷĶ֡
˵ʲôϺȻŭһ̲ס֡
֪Լﶯ֣޼ѵԼһ٣ԲɱԼģ޿֡
޼˵껰֮󣬿ٿϺȻһۣŷ˵֣һ𡣡޼ǿߣǴʱԹŷȴǳ
ŷ統ܹƽƽĴڣȻ񣬵һưӶûС
ԴϺȻĲһѪݺݵĵһˣȻתߡ
һӶȥˣٴȥ϶Ѫ
ϺȻȥķ޼˵Ŀתŷ磬ЩǵȻҲǹҪСıϼҵʵ̫Ӵˣǲ֣ǰĻֿľΣˡ
ŷͷɫ΢΢Щأȫ˵֪ˣл档
ŷĿ⣬΢΢޼֪޼ԲԵ޹ʵվԼһģԷ϶ͼı
ǿ˹ŷе뷨޼û˵ֻһŷ˵֣ǽ˵
ŷͷһ߽ͬС
뿪֮һԹĿ֮ϺȻʾ˵޼ҪΪҲ֪Ҫʲôڣ㲻ɹġ
ϺȻ¶һĨЦݣȻ󳹵뿪ʮ۹ء
޼һüͷ΢΢壬ܵľãԼ飬ҲҪʲô⡣


687 ȶ
ŷ޼Уúܶ˿ľޱȡ޼񾳽ǿߣƽʱ۽ܸߣȻһЩУȴһˣ˾ȣ²ŷݡ
ܿ죬˽ŷϳ۷׷ףȴҴ´ŷĶС
ǽŷ޼Զû˵ֻǽǰһһںȹ⣬Ȼ̾ò衣
ŷĬ쳣򶨡
޼Ҫȵŷѯ֮󣬲˵ԼĿĵģû뵽ŷ˵֮ˡ
Цһ֣м飬Ҫְæ
ô
ŷ翪ڣ˵֣޼һ㶣û뵽ŷôֱӣֱ˵Ҫô
޼ΪȻӦܿ죬Ц˵һԪһһŹ񵤣Ԫ񾳽磬һȹΪ
˻һŷɫˣû뵽ԷȻŵôĺöԪ񵤡ųϽ񵤣Уţ񵤣ֻҪõһĻԵȴû뵽ԷȻΪ꣬ʵֱ̫ˡ
ԽŷԽǲ״ӦˣüͷʵҪʲô
ûа׳ԵͣǼȻôõȻҪģŷ粻ɵӣȻһ㡣
ΪҼҵĿ䣬ǴһõһҪǵһĶ޼ԥ˵ԼĿġ
ʲôŷ羪ȣѵʲôȻ񵤻Ҫмֵ
ԪϽһʥҩ޼ڡ
ŷɫɻ޼˵ǰǼһλ棬ΪƣѾΣյľ磬ܹĶֻвԪ˵Ԫڱл˵ƫƫԪϼңҼҵĶͷС
Ǽ壬ļûвԪ
֮䣬ÿҪһ򶼱ȣһεĹأȴǲκηಫ
˶ܿһϼҹҼҳ֣òԪҼҲȻشҼҡ
֪Ҽͨ˫ȴǳͬʿУǿġϼҲһǵķţǿ綼ǱȽġ
ֻвԪһŷü
޼ͷŷһмӣЦ˵Ҳ㲻֪ԪϽʥҩϹŴֻҪһ˿ڣָԪΪ
˻һŷ絹һ
ôĵҩϹŴܹȻҪ֪ϹŴɱͬģǱɱֻʣһ˿飬Ҫָǰ۷״̬Ǹˡ
ԪȻܽϹŴ񶼸Ȼֵҩˡ
Һѣ֪֮飬Ҫ֡޼ٿڣùŷһĶ޼Ҫ˵ĻǼٵġ
ֻҪܹӮԪҼҵĶˣǾ˵ʱҼҿԳ֡޼˵쳣Ͽҡ
ŷֻ΢΢ԥһ£˵ͷɽҪꡣ
ʮ޼Ϊ˱Լ֮ʲôòҪꡣĹϾŷڴԼΪһˡ
޼Ȼʹ죬ƿݸŷ磬ͬʱΪĹ򡣲μӵΪ𳬹߾磬ֻǿߣʱ᳡ػὫΪӡסƾɱ
޼֪עŷı֣֪˫Ϊ֮󣬸ǿսУԺпѹȺۣΪӮòԪ
֮⣬У޷ҵϼǿˡȻѪħֺųĴҲУ֮вٵľ롣
ȻҼҲ˹ŷ磬ֻ˵õĻǹŷ硣
˵ıҲʮַ񣬵ŷȣͲ̫Զˡ
ŷͷױȶڣȻת뿪
ûסڹĸۡҵһطסŷ۲ŵҩֱ֮ӽӽ˿С
Ӵըһµĸľ磬Ϲ񵤵ЧľΪڿٶȶš
ǱˣԲôҩǹŷ粻һҽżҵĴˣΪﵽ磬Ȼ񵤣Ҳܹһ˲˽ǵҩԣȻѡΪķ
Ӵ߾ۼŷ翪ʼε޼ʱԼֵģһԼİΣ
޼סԷŷ͸νˣѵʱҲǿߵĶ֡


688 
ҩԵıŷΪڷš
һףףһֱףֻͣǹŷ粢㣬쳤ХһǺӶһ˲䰵ӴУŷ羹Ȼʼǿƹء
й۲ŷΪ޼һŷʵ̫Եˣп˵Լ
һľսĸоˣǷӣдǿߣȻپߣ硣
ŷһѪɫһײһƹʧܡʱ򣬹ŷ˫ۣӴûС
һ̣ŷƳһ񣬰ѹ£ȻһЩǿߣľֶʵ̫ˣŷ羹Ȼĳһ磬Ϊ׵Ĵڡ
죬أΨҶ𡣡ŷ糤ХԻȴڽ£춯أ˾㤡
ʵ̫ǿˣ졣
ܳʱ䣬ŷŽȴԶɢһϣ֮η
һǿߵϣȻǿɢϢȴͬ˶ڹŷǰҰȻǴҲоľ
޼ˣŷɫдһĨӣЦ˵֣֪о仰
˵޷ŷ絭Цûʲôǲġ
ŷߵĵ·ʵ̫ԵˣҪ֪նۣҪᲢòߵĳԶ޼ɫϿңŷ硣
Ŀ޼һۣŷЦˣһ¾Ʊлֹġ
޼Ҳٱ֪Լõ˹ŷϿɣԷѾԼˡ
˺ܳʱ䣬˷ֿȶһʱ䣬ŷҪϤԼΪ
ʮ޼ҵ˹ŷ磬һ·ǰȶĵط
ͬеĻһųˣ쳣Ӣֻһ˫ڹŷϣʱһ˿ɫùŷЩ
üͷûзԷȻ޼ˣûбҪͶԷͻֻǹŷ粻ͻȴô롣
ͻȻһŷӹȥΪ޼ûо쵽
ŷΪҽżҵĴˣڶֶԲİȻ˵ֶأҲ쵽ˡ

ŭһŷӵʱֱӻһ⣬
׵ˣ屬УԪûӵ
޼һ󿴵ıŷƿŵһƶʱ׷ʲô飬ɫ࣬û뵽ԼˣȻԹŷ֡
ֲҪᣬҲ֪޼ɫϿңùŷԼ
ŷͷЦ˵Ȼֵʵɱңֱӳ־ˣûбҪַ֣㡣
޼һվõĹŷỳˡ
Ҫ֪ŷǱòԪϣȫڹŷˣǹŷ練ڣǿ޶Ҳط
Ǽ·˵Ƕûзϡ
һС˶ѣԼ˳֣ҲˣûʲôҪÿϧġ
ֻûжԶǱͣŷһȵ˵ǰ沼˾ڵǽȥ
Ǹоǰǳ˰ڳһ󷨣ǳȥĻɡ
޵Ǹ쵰缸ûܹǳڴ󣬶һǳ֡޼Щŭ˵
û뵽ϼҵ˾Ȼô޳ܣڰ·ϰ˾ɱ󣬵ȴǽ룬ǻɱ
ǰ쵽һ㲻ԾڿѾˡ
۲һ£޼üͷ˵ִʵֲ̫ˣҶ󷨲̫˽⣬ֻǿ󣬵һ˵ʵԲҪһһ׵ǿߣһ֡
˵ɫѿˣŷȻǺһ׵ǿȣ̫࣬Ǻ֣ҲܽƵ
·ߡŷ顣
޼ֱӾ͸ˣУѾ֪Щ·֮⣬Σա
Ϊﵽ߾磬ܹ棬ᱻվɡ
ֻ󣬹ţȥһ󡣡һεıȶ¹ش޼ԲΪǰһѣҪġ
Ҫǰȴŷסˡ
һ֣Ƶŷɫƽ˵Ļȴ޼
ŵĶŹŷ磬ΪԼˣϾŷս죬ɱһЩͽ׵Ĵǿߣʹȫһ׶ΣǸϣﵽ񾳽Ĺ
ңܹ󡣡޼ɵɫŷƽˣ˵ȴš
á
޼ѡŹŷ磬֪ǿ߲򵥣Ҳʲôطһ˲սﵽ񾳽ء


689 
޼Լ׵ʵǵɢǿնڶǿݣȻŷߣܵһɾ޴ѹ
ŷٻףħ֣һǿƵϢǶڲҪըˡ
ɱ
һһն
Ѫ棬ħҺ硣Ȼ޼һľħг˾
ʱȴЩʱ޼ͬҲ֣գͬһ㣬ǰȥ
ǿﵽ񼶵ȫһ
ǰڱ飬һӰ֣ɫдһĨţڿѪʮ˱޵޼ϳ˫ޣΪ޵š
ֻһó󷨣һóͨײûзֳʤȴû뵽޼ֻǳһ龳ĺ󱲣Ȼ㽫ˣһش
޵˳ȥֻ޼Ȼô׷Ź
һһƬӿ޵û﷢һҽУ޵һѪ⳹׵ʧ
Ǳˡŷеϧ˵
һǿߣɱ˵ĻԺ˾һǿսˡ
ϾŷȻ֪ǲǳԼģϺȻı֣ùŷףԷԲưոݵġ
ŷԴеˣԷȻ
ǿߣɱġ޼̾Ϣ˵
һ˫ڹŷϣȻղŵı֣о𾪡һ׵ʿȻܷǿߵĹֱʵ̫ˡܹطĻһ˲䷢ԶԶԽʵܹԼĶִһֲڹؼʱ̷Ϊʤ
޼ɫŷ絭˵Ҽط⴫ҪǼʼ¾ϼϹŴҲδܹסʼŭ𡣡
˻һ޼ɴ۾֪һЩֲĴУȻٳ֣ǾԴڡ
Щеʼ棬ϹŴϹŴҪǿƣ˾ʼõʱ򣬶ǣοʼ滹ˣҪŲסˡ
ڲ²⣬ŷһֲĴУȻԲޱֵġŷĻҲ֤ʵеһ²⣬һݲֵͷҲɲǼʧ
ŷĿһۣû˵ʲô
˼ǰУһֱ֪˶پ룬һŴǣһŹӲãĴǣޱ޼ʣصϢ
֮һǣҲǰĴǡ޼ͣŹŷ
Ƿһ嫵칬ޱ޼ʣƣʵʵԪһŷ߱㴫оڲϴ
Ժʱһ򣬲ֻɲǼŷ˳־磬һ𣬽ǹɵ׸Ȼɫ糣޼˽ȥ
޼ŷı֣ʱ̲ס¶ԾɫȻӽıԴǳٽȥĻܱܿͬû˽ѵĻǸ˾ˡû뵽ŷ羹ȻԼֵˡ
õطŷ̲ס޵
ֵط˵ûʲôãǶʿ˵ϱأֻҪúֵ°빦
޼ͷûнֻͣɫȴҲһ˿ȻڼеɵطҲоԵԺ
˽ȥڴŴȫսеǿߣֻһ˫۾¶˳޼߹֮ͷȻûм
ŷ緢֣Ȼڴ񾳽磬Ǵ߽֮ϵǿߣֻû뵽ﾹȻֻĵλ
̲סһ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ǵǿ߰ϽУҲһˣȴţʵ̫ݳˣҼҵǿһ˽⡣
ǸоĹŷ뷨޼ЦģǼеǰ
޼Ľͣŷ֪˲޼ĳֻΪʱһЩԲŻ￴ŵġΪȻֻڴ񾳽磬һֱûͣ͹
дԣ˵ΪԴﵽߣϹŴľ硣ǵĴ󷸵ʵ̫ˣһǼصĶ
ŷȻ˵񾳽ǿߣʵǳǿΪˣ¾ҼǿҲġ
Ϊǿߣվǿߵϵģ񾳽ˣ֪˶ΣգһȻݲġ


690 Ҽҳͻ
߽УһȺӭֺ޼֮ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ЩȺмһӣӢһ˫۾ȴЩḡһʵһףȴһȺΧ룬Ȼӵͷ
޼֮¶һĨЦݣӴǣⲻǸҰ𣿲ΪһôصҴ̼𣿡
гмһ㶼޼ӡ
ùŷеɻ󣬶ԷΪ޼˵ȴô޼ɵȻǸ޼С
Ҫ֪޼񾳽ǿߣȻǼ壬˵׻ǿΪ
ڼУһҲе㲻ͬѰġ
޼ɫ࣬Ķ˶Էһۣһ仰û˵ֻŹŷȥ
޼ԼǸΪ˶ʱϻģֻһҰ֣ȻҲԼ쳣ŭ
ֻҪ޼֣Ҳǲҵġ
뵽ȴĿⶢڹŷϣһȵ޼㾹ȻҴһ̿ͣҼңɱ𣿸̿ͣۡ
˵֮Ȼŷˡ
˿ŷ粻һ׵ļһԼһĶ֣֪ŷǶýĻܹĹƽʱʵҲһżеҩɾʹķܹȵġ
ҹŷȻʲôԿһƳֱ˵Ĺײһ𣬶ԷɳȥڿѪ
˺ȻĶŹŷ磬û뵽ԼһӵļһȻʵֱһƳһ㷴ûС
޷ǣ㲻Ҫ̫֣չĿ䣬ҪƻһսҪ棿޼Ӧ֮󣬹ŷѾԷɳȥ޼дˬȴںʣһñֱӿ
ʲôѪˡ޷һǱϺñӣܷˣ뵽Ͻ⡣
Ѫˣ֪ҵ˲սȴֶԸսĿ䣬ҪʼҪʲôҡʱ޼ǿƵ˼㣬һȻϢ޷ǲһ˳
ɫѿ˺һȻһ仰˵һӡӵ޷ǣŷŴͣΪһ񣬾ȻҳӣǵһοԷôġ
޼ҲǿЦãڼеλߣҪȻλ֣Ҳ˵ֻû뵽Լλ֣Ȼô
뵽ǰԼôãֱû˵ĸо
޷һ֮ŷһ񣬾Ҫ뿪һȴסˡ
޼ô֣ûн𣿡һߣĻӦҲһֻǱ޼ҪǿĶˡ
޼ɫֻɫȴȻ۸֣ʵ̫Ӧˣĸֳ֣ǵںʼ棬ʼƾָǲ
ռһҖR֪˵Щʲô
ҖRĿⶢŹŷ磬ͻȻЦ˳ֻһ׵ʿˣҲҼҳ޼ΪҼû𣿡
һۿŷΪԵúܲ
һף죬ôѵһĶ֣ಫκΪ񾳽ǿߣҲһռ̫ˡ
ȻˣҼòˣ¾͸ˡŷ絭˵νѾõˣȻԷԼ£ûбҪҲʹ졣
ŷĻ޼ɫһ䣬Ҫֹŷ硣
֪ŷʵģ˫ն֮Ȼ˷壬Ǹǿˡ
һˣ񾳽ǿȲǹŷ뿪ˣҼҵûϣˡ
Ҽ߾ߵ𣿡ҖR˵
ŷĶӣùŷôߵĻҖRҪΪһЦ
ҼңԼĿˣȴҪɱˣǿЦŷԣη壬ֻǰЩˣýһ˲ԿԳҼҵķأȻ
߾ǿ֣߳ĻԲܽŷ絲ס
ҼһҴ壬ȫҸֶˣԸһԼĿˣǾЦˡ
Թŷʮ㣬ֻ֪ǰҖRԼв
޼Ը֪Լзǳǿġʼ桱϶ֹģĻŷİжһ֡


691 ߱
һƬأҖRҲû뵽һɢС˺Լ˵һӶԼ
ŷгɱȴû̶֡ȻҖRҲ˼ɣںһԹŷ֣ڽҼڲ֮ء
󲮣Թùŷ磬ŷֵģ־ȻΪҰ֣ҵҪʴ󲮣޼ǲҼҵѪҰһ˵״Ӻζ޼ɫĮҖRϣһ
֪Լţ޼ֻû뵽Ȼ˳ƺ޼֮ǰҖRҲںϾǸʱ޼ȻܳȴԶв޼ܵίҲΪ
ȴһ޼ΪһλڼеĵλѾԼˣԼǱǼصĶ
Ǵʱ޼ץס޷ǵĻҪһ޷ǾȲʲô³
һҩΪĴ񣬻һԼŬȴڼ˵ʱڳΪĵӣôѡЩһΪ˼ϣзǳס
ҖRȻҼһȨǿҲᱻЩӰɣ޼ķ
뵽ҖRѡĿ޷һۣȻŭӽ쿪ʼ޷Ǳ˼һ꣬׼š
˻һ޷ɫ䣬һвסӣǱ˼һ꣬ɱҪء
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뵽ݺݵĵһ޼ԭĻԼҲܵԼ׵ĳͷ
޷ǴûԼ޼ô䵽ֵز
𣿡ҖRĿⶢ޼Ҫ̬ȣ޼ǲĵĻҖRҲǺǵġ
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Ȼ޼ҲоԼô֤Щ԰ףֻǵһЦ㲻һжպı֡
ŷ޼һԺ棬޼סڣԵ쳣ŨŷҲֱ
ͻƵʵ̫ˣףΪ̫ȶһʱ䣬һֱڹ̡
ŷУ޼ԸԼΪŷ绤Ȼ뿪뵽һУһڹϷڷ磬Ϣǿʢһ̫һ㣬˵˼㡣
޼֮۾һֲ޼һ˵ϡ
ܳʱ䣬ŷӦȻһ񣬵ףѾǿĸ֣һսʮİա
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Ǳ϶̲סĿɿڴ߱龹Ȼʵˣʵ̫ھˡ
޼û˵ֻһ֣뿪ֻϣȴѾ亹ʪˡԼ׵ĻûŹԷȻ˵Ǹλᣬ޼ţԼٸֵĻԷ϶ĸɱԼ޼һ̵ֱڣҲûг֡


692 ȫ֧
߳޼⣬ɫȴʲô鶼ûзһֻһ˫۾ȴ˲ֱӡ
صԼԺУŷѾ޼ĵһۣŷо˲һʱ޼ϴһĨɱ⣬ǹŷԿ϶ɱǶԼġ
ûжʣǱ˵飬֮Ľ飬ûкõһѯʶԷ˽
ʲôʱŷ˱ʱ䣬̫ڵ飬ΪҪڶʮ֮ڣͻƵ񾳽磬Ҫϵھʮ۹أʱĲǺܳԣ
֮ɳǱ޼ش
޼˳ĬŷҲ˵ֻƽʲôû˵ι޼ͻȻĿȵĶŹŷ磺Ը͹һס
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޼Ļùŷһû뵽޼ȻɱԼĸסɲǿЦԹ߱ĸطݵ顣
ŷԭ޼û˵ֻǽһϢ˹ŷԺС
ЩϢʹԹŷľҲ̲סһ䣺Ĺ޼Ҫɱ׵ԭˣͬʱ޼ͬ顣
ҲҪڰæΪﵽ߾ʱҰŻᣬɱˣڴ֮ǰһᾡܣΪ޼ĿȻû˵Ķǹŷ֪̫źˣʹܾ˼
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պ󣬼ܳɳΪϹŴȡƵۡӵԶŴ񣬶Ǵ߳ģպɨϵ£ȻϽĽɴУҲǵĶֵġ
޼ŹŷҲܹɳΪǿߣɨϵ£г
һƿ񵤣һƿһƿԪǽЩҩųΪ񲻳⣬֪֤ھ⣬ЩҩԷķá޼Ĵ󷽣ùŷ綼һ
֤жԲ־粻ȵ⣬ֵҩ˵Ǵ֮ҸõΪҩ⣬ӰԺ
뵽ŷҲԥֱӽƿҩ˹һÿһƿУʮŵҩ
ȻԹŷǣҲܳô࣬ÿȡһʼ
ŷ翪ʼˣ޼Ҳ뿪ˡ
ǸУ¾עһУʲôû˵ֻȴһɫ
ҵҪ˵ϣôĶעǲܹɾߣ֤вֻһЦ
Щڴ𣬳ľɱһٴΣ¶ᱻɱġ
ʱ䣬ŷ˽ףƿҩȫԹ⣬޼Ծֻŷ罻һ֮ȴ¶ϲɫ
֪ԼѺԱˣŷǱ
ŷûôΪֻֿܣһΪŷ̫ϲˣȻôĵҩҲûʲôڶֱǹŷ츳ǳֲЩҩȻȫգǻԶԶûдﵽùŷܶླҪ
սȴһ㶼ûȻŷ粻˽ףǺ͹ŷ罻֮޼ԼãһŽ׵ǿߣҲδǹŷĶ֣սѾ޽ӽ׶ˡ
һֲĸǹŷŽףпսǿߡ


693 
Ҳв˾쵽СԺеĶоŷΪ֮Щ¶һ˿м
ֻһ˽׵ʿǿУ޼޷ķУܹɾʹ񾳽磬οҼвٵӣǽܳ˲š
˽ף˵ȷʵһ㡣
˶׼޼ЦУԵãΪ̫ˣ⵽ܶ˵ļʡ
Ҳвӵܣ֣μһսЩ֣һ¡Ǹһ˿µС
˵ŷǿ壬ЩȣһƶûСȻʿǿ󣬲ǿ˭Ŀͷ˭͸ڸоУŷ粻һóǿߡ
ŷܵЩЦЩһĿǳԣЩͷȻȴ㲻ϾԾĻŷһɱǡ
ļ壬ûм棬Ҳ븯಻˰ɡ޼Щ̾ȻԼĸף˺⣬Ƕڼ廹ǱȽй޸еġ
ڼԼеһĿǳ֮Щܡ
ûвĴУ仰ҲǳʣȻϹŴҲʱҪסĻֻǿ˲СŷҲ޼
޼ŷ羭ĸִ࣬ᣬһϢըʱҲ˼ŵʱһЩ۵˼룬ȻϽӵдǻ۵ˣҲδе˿ѡ
ûвĴУˣұˣݺڣֻҪǿˣȻܹ֤в˥޼һ⣬ʲôһ˷˷츲صı仯
ŷ翴һۣ֪޼ΪԼһĿꡣ˵֮ǰ޼ֻһΪ˳޶ŵľżڵһˣԼ׷Ŀ꣬Ѫˡ
֣սһ龳ķʲôĪҲˡһż˹ͷɣһ
ʮ־ˣ߸һȺˣΪЩߣҲ൱ȻǴ֮ϵǿߡ
Ϊ񣬵ҲԶˣһֻ̤ȥʱͻơ
ģҪµĻ޼㣬ٸҵѣھɱ㡣޼˵ɫһɫ΢΢Щη塣
޼ȻױһĻ˭Ļǳ֣ܹɱġ
һ¿ˮɫ΢΢ЩӲȴûߣָŹŷ˵֣һ˽׵ʿܹЩ棬ǿΪҲкܴĹϵһһ£Աǿȥμӱֻ¶Ҽҵ˶ѡ
޼ɫɫ˶ǳģԷΪԼӡЩˣɵЩЦΪܹѹԼ
ɸҺԾŷͻȻڣһ㶣ҡͷ
ϴһĨЦĵӶڹŷϣһĨҼҵǲŻЩԮμӱȻȣҪɱĻĶǰǿдһ¡
ĵһâ߳һˣһͷ̷ɢͷϣ䶢Źŷ磬ڿһʳһ
񡣡Χ˾Ȼϳ˶ݡ
֧ǿ󣬼ΪѾﵽ񣬾һߣδܹѹ޼ŷ磬ɫ΢΢ЩأΪͶԷݡ
ŷͷȻƽվ˳˵Ϊɱ
ĻгţҼҵ˶ˣһҪ붾ಫ˵ɱ˶ԷĻǲš
һЩҼҵϱҪֹģʱǷվסˣҪŷ絽ûʵ

̹⣬ڹŷϣɱȫŷ֣һŭı顣
Դɾ֮ߵ˶ʲôʱӹ
ԹŷڶУѾˡ
ְɡŷ米˫֣˵һЩסˣƾ࣬ǲģЩֹҲŷѹƶҲ˵
һЦȻľͳˣһǰķ緶ûС
ŷȴ˿⣬Ѿ˳ǰһһ۵ӣԲʲôصģһֻؽˡ
Է֣ŷҲͬˣҲһȭȥûжһǹŷȭͷĿռ䣬ˡ
һĻаһã֪ԼСǰˡ


694 ɱ
顣
ȭͷײһѪɽȴ˵ϡ
һֻȫ飬ѪǷɽΧ˶Ͻ㿪ǶɵѪҺд춾ҺȻ飬Ҳᱻ
ŷƽһЩҺ㱻ס˿֣кκȻɫѾµı֣𶯣ܹ˺ѿռ䡣
ڽսоԵ޵Уþͷѹƣܻǿߡ
ֲùŷô޿֣սԭʵ
£ڳûǹŷĶ֡
޼Ȼ֪ŷʵȴû뵽ȻǿزΪһأֻڿǹŷĶ֣ղһν֣Ѿ˵һˡ
ŭ˵ô˵ǰΪó򣬽ܣоԼ춪ˣϲӵ˵ǾԲܵ顣
뵽Ѫ޸Լ֣Ȼ˵
һ㶣ѾˣǹŷĶ֣ҪսѵҪȡ衣
ֻйŷ翴һ⣬Цһ׵ΪǺǿ󣬵ҪɱԼҲ̫߹Լ˰ɡ

ŷҲ˵Է֮Ȼ˽ˣҪ׽ԷһˣȻŷ粻£պ鷳ٲˡ
Ҫģҵԯ죬Ȼκ鷳
޼üͷоԣöٴγ֣϶ûбϵô򵥣е㲻Ըŷ緸ա
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ֻʱ˶ɫǿһɫâȻǶ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ޳ܣһСԾȻ˲Ҫ
ɥ֪ŷ˫֮ףŷ粻ܳ⣬ʼҪõԪҪŷˡ
ǹŷԼĶУԲк³
䷢̫죬ʹҼҵĳϣһߵķ򣬴ʱҲԮˡɫŭʤϣǹŷ类ɱ˵ĻɱĶˡ
ȥɡĴЦв˼㣬ԼļһվҪˡ
ţȻŷ˫ҲסԼһǴŽ׵ĸ֣ҲܹסҲҪܵشһʱ䣬ȫǴܹȵġ
˶ãŷȻҪˣһȫ֣ǶôĿֲڳ˶ǳ
Ĳһ˳ǶŷɱˣҲҪж˿飬֪ԼԺˡ
ڴʱŷ籬ˡ
ϵϢһ˲䱩ʮüзɳ罣ն˹ȥ
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Էһ˽׵ĴڣȻĽˡ
ۼŷ˹оȻŷеɱȻĮǶԼȴ쳣ϧġ
ŷҪɱԼ뵽ղŶԷǹǿŷ
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ֳ˶ȻĶŹŷ磬һ飬Ȼһ񣬶һԷɱˣǾԼڿ񻰣ȻԼ顣
Ҳΰɣ˵һ˲伸ֲʵĸоԼΡ
һƳĵϣɳȥҖR˹ĶģȵΪԭ򣬲һ㺦ʼ棬ҹȥǧ֮ڣ׼˼
˻һĲһҪ˳û뵽Լ׾ȻҪǧ꣬ԼǱʱʲô˵
ڸղŲһɵĿºֳͷĲء
뵽ɥתȥȻǻȥ˼ȥˡ
ҖRĿתŷ磬¶һĨϵЦݣ֮ǰˡԺҼҵϱ
ΪҼҵһͷҖRʸ˵ĻһڣһЩҼҳ˹ҲͣĵͷϿҖRĻ
֪ҪӮһαʤϣҪѹڹŷˡŷղŵı֣ʵ̫ˣ龳ɱһû˵
ŷͷûж˵ʲôſһ˷·޾һֻǼӵʱ䣬ŷĵѾȫָˡ
ֽһ˲䱬ʮСҲʮ־˵ģԹŷʵҲֻʹΣɱ˶ԷͻΪµΣС
ǶˣŷܽһɱϾֻһ˽׵ʿ


695 ׾
ָΪĹŷ磬ʲôû˵޼һû˸ƹŷˣȻЩ񾳽ǿߣҲһ
ֻæģΪġʹŷڲһЩ˵Ķ֣˭Ҳұ֤ڲõĽŷ绹ǵĶ֡
콾ɳ쳣µģȻҪԽǡ
칬ޱߣȻǿеһЩǳȲֱһ硣ǧ徺㣬Գɳڣɽһ̺ſֲԪ
ԶһƬʥֻǺɳҲˣϹŴ񾳽ǿߣþ˵ͨɳǸգΪġ
һαҲɳнС
˽ȥڹŷ쳣ǿҼңɳУΪ۵
һЩޱȣҼҵǰһǿƵ̬Ե÷ǳǿᡣҲûмңٵĿ
ͨ޼Ľͣŷ֪ˣ磬˵ԽҼʵҲֻ࣬ңǷֱΪƼҡԬҡ˼ҡ
ȻȻǿ󣬵ҲȫԽҼļ壬ֻ΢ʤһ㣬ϸ˵ǻͬһĴڡ
ҵһЩӵܣȴΪԼǿ·Щš
޼ĻŷͷԶٲһȺ竣ԼʵΪΪ
칬ģһȶĲ⣬ı鲼Ȼߵ޷Աȶκ˺
һαڱȶϽС
һʮ壬ȻǵļŶһ
ʮ壬ȴǧˡŷ綼ЩԾǿʵ̫ˡ
ڱʱ򣬹ʹΪô죿ŷɫ΢΢ЩصʵΪ˽ףָ߽񣬶ԷΪĻĺпһɱ
ģﱻʮ壬ͬʹĹıˣŽ׵ǿߣ޷ָΪ޼ͣ˹ŷвõĸо
᲻ˣʮ壬Ϊһ֣±˵񣬾ߣҪѹưɡ
ֱ˭ҪˣһΪ϶ᱻĻɱ
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׳աŷƲƲ죬ֱ˳
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ȻҲԼŲСĲģȻŽף벻ǹŷĶ֡
뵽ϺȻЦһЩ˵ϣһỹܹЦĳŷ磬Ϊ׼˲ٴ͡
˵֮ϺȻתߣŷڿһһùŷ쳣ˬ
ɱ쵰ŷ翪ڣһɱ
޼ŷĻ̲סЦЦת뿪ϺȻһۣЦ˵ʵҲ뷨ֻҼңˣǲעĻֵԳ֡
ŷͷûٶ˵ʲôֻȴ˾ֻҪԼҵᣬϺȻǸ쵰ˡ
ڴ֮ͥɱˣŷǲģϺȻļǳǿƣ˿ҼңҼҶҪŷȻĿŵһǿС
ֵŷϳˣֱӵ̨һȥоԼеȻȫӡˡ
ŷ΢΢üͷָоϲ
Ķ֣Բ̼ңһʮֿĴ󺺣һ棬Ե쳣ǿ׳
ŷܹܵڵǿһʮǿĶ֡
վ̨֮ϣ໥һۣˡûνĺѣֻһ֣ս
ѡΪ򵥵ķʽǵȭͷײһȻͬʱˡԲ̼ҵǿߣоŷ൱ɫʱ
Ҽҵˣŷı֮һɫ졣û뵽ŷ羹Ȼʱ׾֪Ҫùˡ
һЩˣŷɫг˲м̼ҵǸǿߣеٮٮߣǳһ㣬ŷһ൱Ҳ֪ʵˡ
˴ս˺ܳʱ䣬ڹŷžտĲɣǸ̼ҵǿ߸ˡһԴϵĺˮһķѷǳ޴ӣҼҵ˲һЦ˳û뵽ŷ羹Ȼб츳ݵҲ̫ʵ˰ɡ
һϺȻһЦǹŷ̶ֳֻȵĻԿԱ֤ŷ϶̨߲ˡ


696 չ¶ʵ
ҼҵļĸҼŷסˣǿŷı֣̲סҼҼһۣɫг˳
֪һϼҼңµıҼҲòõĶǸ࣬ҼͨǿֱУֻԮ
ǳЩǿߣɢޣʵǿʲôط缸պҲǶ۵ġ
ȻҼԮҲֻһˮƽԽҼңȴԲЩǿ
ЩУҼעҪЦˡ
ȴ֪۵ҲЦ֪Щ׼ԼЦ۸ףԼЦȴ˭ܿģ˭Цû˱и
ֻǹŷ׾Ȼ̨ܲɫ΢΢¶һĨʧǶһȶһĶûеӣ۵УȴһЦˡ
һҵ˲Ȼ̼һӸˣжϣġһЩϼҼϺȻ游
Ȼһ˵ģʵͣѾˣԵϹŶ
ߣһιھҼڱصá˵У¶һĨźɫɫ̲סЦ
ȻûзЦȴ˳һӡ
һɥӣȴЦ˭ܹЦ
һŷص޼ߣϢ޼ĿЦãһССսܹĵŷ
ܿ죬ǧ˱ֻ̭ʣϰˡŷı֣ȴӶһɳˡ
ȻĿȴһֱ˰ǿУȻ˶Ԥ⣬ŷ粻ǰˣΪ˶ǿߣԲκνҡ
ţŷڰǿսУºܿҪˡ
ʵϣŷҲȷʵһѲĶ֣ҵĴˣǿųСգһֱƽ˰ǿΪϣڵˡ
ˣȻŷҪȥҲǲˣֻ̾ϢһҪչֳԼʵˡ
С⴫ܵŷϴӴϢʱɫ䣬еһ֮ģʱ
̨ϵЩɫҲܵŷǿ󣬶ʱ׸ղŹŷЩ֣ȫװģʵ
ЦԼһȺߣȻһζټɫ죬һεӡ
ɫѿģҪˣղŻۣڹŷȴչֳôǿǵĶ⡣
ְɣȻûлˡŷ絭˵һΣǿϢȻһЩ񶼱ɫܵһԺǿơ
ǿһһֱڰϻһСҪΣˡ
ҵãС˫ŷļһȻеֻһ飬Ƿ壬СյĶ֡
һЩۣ֧С⴫ģҲֹ֧ŷģǴ󲿷˻ǿС⴫ϾŷҲֻһɢޣȻ磬Щ˵УֻҪߵʮأһǷС
ߵʮأһʧܵҲ£ĶǱȻǼΪܳĴڣ֮
ǿҲá⴫üëһŵ˵
˫֮ͬн޵УΪ񾳽磬ȻùŷܹԼϹŷԼΣգȴȻбʤ
ְɡŷƽ˵һǿĶֵ֣أһҪܶԷ
⴫Ҳīһ徹Ȼ֣Ϣ񱩣һͷһֲ
˹һȭŷա
ŷվûжͬһȭȭͷײһһ⴫ˣǱǿһ
˼ĶŹŷ磬һֻ֣ѾյĴ
ŷȴδֻ˦˦Լĸ첲ͻȻ¶һЦǿҶоһʹˡ
⴫ŭоһֳ裬ֻǹŷʵ̫ǿˣܹԸġ
⴫ҪȴǰĹŷ粻ˣϴһҵʹ˺ɳȥֱ˳档
ų޵еСգˣ˶ɴ۾һŵı飬ֻʱȴݲǲţ⴫ȷʵǰˣסŷһֱӱ˳档
ӵɫƽĹŷ磬⴫ЦһЩįȥһܣĴʵе


697 һս
еĿ⣬Źŷת˳أȻϢǺķ˶ô޴һ
ڳ˶ЩͻȻʶҲһղź⴫ʱ򣬲ûжʵʵܻ
ɫˣǲ²ĻϼңʵʯͷԼˡ
û뵽ҼҾȻҳǿߣźܴڵϣ
ŷһ⴫ɣڵմﵽߵ㣬Ҳ˳սǶǿߣͬһ죬ùŷ綼Щ⣬Щ˾ǿ֮򲻻Ķ
ʱ䣬ǰʮ
ϼȴʱһʮ̨ͬս˭ܣԼ䣬ˡ
һսʱ˶һ㶣Ȼϼҵ˼ҪֹŷõĹھҼҵõǿŲԪ
ı֪ҼУһϹŴ񾳽ǿߣֻܵ˴ˣһֱûкá
Ҽںܶʱ򣬶ϼѹһͷҼҵ˺˵ĻϼҪѹҼңûôˡ
ʮǿ֮У˹ŷ֮⣬˾ȻǺҼҲ̫ԸңһȻɾ˴һ֡
ʶһ㣬ɫ쳣ѿ
ϼֶΣô޳ܵĹŪˣ۴۽簡̲סڷ̡
УǳĺƢȴڷ̣ɴ˿ɼжôķŭ
۵ĻҲǻɵӣԼӣֹҼָ֮䣬Ȼѡ˺ߡ
Ȼ۷Եúܵһ㶼ϡ
̫޳ˡҲ˿ȥ̲ס˳
ֻĻ䣬˹ȥǸȳ˶ʱһһѪ˳
ˣҵĺ󱲡ļҼɫһ䣬̲סŭ
ϽֻǿһⶼûСļҼȴ÷ֻһû
һ飬Ҳû˸˵ˣѾ޳ܵزһС֣ǲ׻ʲô
еĻֱ˳䣬Ҫǿ޼ĹŷļС˵
֪ڹŷϳȡùھĻȫǿˡ޼ĵģǹŷܲõھܲȫˡ
̨Ѿվ˾ŵӰһɱ죬ֻȫڹŷϣʶǳԣȻҪԹŷ¶֡
ǶˡǹŷĻ޼ŵĵɴ۾ԾŸĸ֣ŷѵܹӮ
һȺ߹ɱһְɡŷֱ̨˵һסˡ
һЩԸһֶԸŷѡ֣ʱȴɫ࣬ŷг˲ݵɱ
ҪңҪñɱ׼ŷһ仰ǶϷ˵ģ˶ŷȻƿߡ
ͻȻЦˣŷУͣ΢΢ԥһ£ۿڵŷ磬ǵסĻֱ˳
Ѿ̬ȣǲҪԪҲҪסŷ硣
ܹŷǲŸ˵Ķ֣֮ǰı֣ȴѾõ۵Ͽɣ֪ŷһǱĺ󱲡
ˣֻҪɳһߣܹߵϹŴľ磬ʱҼҾͶһǿԮˡ
ûбҪùŷطҼңû˿塣
л⣬ҴӦ޼ֵܣһҪõԪֻܴӮˣģŸС֮һСŷ绰ϣͬ䣬ɨھ˵ϣȻ촽ǹ֡
һϰɣʡ˷ҵʱ䡣
һֳӣһУΪܳǿߣߵ𾴣ʲôʱӹǱŭŷУɱ
裬ֻѪϴˢǾҪʱڣŷɱѪ
ŷҲܵǵɱֻɫƽһ㶼ûʶһŷ壬ȴĶ
һȥǳɻ˭֪ҪʲôǸǿߣɫɻüͷŹŷĶЩͷԡ
ڹŷ߰˲ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻˣһ˿ףоԼǰһڣʲô֪
ֳڵУŷ߽ϼǿߵʱͻȻ٣һȭԷˣԪûӳ
ʲôվɫ࣬ղϼҵһΪܳһλпܻλãȴû뵽Ȼﱻŷɱˣ־ԮĻᶼûС
뵽ŷгɱ⣬ȻԶ֣ŭŸʲôһ֣ɱ
ʣµİ˸ǿٴУΧ£ȥ


698 
ֳһȺ˶ǿߣҲߣ˸Χһû˿ùŷ硣
ϾҲӦһޣİˣŷԲǶ֡
˵뷨ʣµİ˸ǿߡ
ŷ磬һɱڡ
ɱ
ŷһ䣬˳ȥһȭһˣ򵥶ֱӣǸǿ߱ɫϼҵһǿߣȻܵвȴûѡ˿ͬһȭҪסŷһ
ۡ
ѪǷɽ𾪵Уϼǿߣֱӱ򱬣Ԫ˻Ҫȥ
ɡŷЦֱһڶԷԪУǸϼҵǿߵԪֱӱ飬ɢڳС
һϼ콾ɱӶŭһɱڹŷϣùŷһݣȻתдһ˿衣
߸콾Ҳˣŷɱ˹
ʹ÷ǴԼĹҲնҪһŷЦ𣬾Ȼֱգһ˵ǰȻУһȭԷԴ
գµı֣찡Щ˾ԲǹŷĶ֡ǿ߾˹ŷ״̬
£һ𣬱˺ա
ʣµ콾Ȼǿûдﵽ硣һЩ߾ǿߣҲûܹﵽ
Ҫ֪ǿȣҲǿΪģΪϣкõ巨ţҲδܹӵһǿ
ŷ֮£޵ˣУµĴڣ޷͹ŷ
䡣콾ʹ죬֪״̬µĹŷ磬ԲԼܹԸģԺǹˡ
˻Ȼŷ羹Ȼô׵õھ˲
ɫѿ˺һ۾ڹŷϣҪһ㡣
ŷһݣһߵˣɲһ顣
֣αСһȥʧݰɡȻɱĿڣע˹ȥ
¶һĨЦݣ֣ŷֶδɱԵˣȻҪΪһħͷҿȳȥĺá
˻һ˶ɫһ䣬˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ޳ܵز򲻹ŷ磬ͽһħͷͷȻҪֽŷ
Ҽҵˣ˭˵ħͷԸķ䣬Ԫóɣڹŷ磬˭ǶҼΪУݡ˵һİ¶˿ֲϡ
һľû뵽۾Ȼάŷ磬˵ݵĻ
ңȻǶͷģĳͻЩȴûзΪһˣһҪ󶯸ɸӣһֲ֪ĸо
漴ͷӦˣĶһۣû˵ֻеɱȴˡ
ŷһľ֪ԼԷˣŷ粢̫ģҼҵշڵΪֻҪ֣ܹ߳ӵ
ԪóʤߵĽŷֱӽԪݸ޼Ҽҵ˶Ľ۾ˡ
֪ȫ޼ˣԺڼеĵλܼ棬ֹͣʵ̫ˡ
лںޣԼôҲŷǿߣĻֹ;Լˡ
ȶܿǻתҼңŷܵҼҵ˵أ͹ŷ粻̫·ҖRҲһŷͬϱ
ŷҲ֪ȫΪԼ̨Ϊȡ˲ԪĻЩ˾ԲԴԼġ
һѱﱻ͸˹ŷ磬õĶŷȻЩȱٵġ
ú󣬹ŷǣ뿪
Գ棬ŷ룬ͬʱи˹ŷһ·ͼĻŷǿߣͲᵣʧˡ
·ͼŷֱӸϵھʮ۹ء
ŷҲԼڵʵϵھʮ۹أҲ޲ʵȵΪ嵽񾳽磬ȥھʮ۹أԯӻ
ֱǰʮһ۹أֻǻû߳Զŷ㱻һȺ˸Χסˡ
ϼҵǿߣͷһһ׵ǿߣŷг˷ߺޡŷɫ䣬Ѿ뵽ϼһ֣Լסȫ֮С
ŷ磬ɱҶӺֶҪǸǿ߿ڣ䣬ŷ̨ϵĻɱϼ콾˵ĶӺֶӣŷг˳ޡ
ɱߣ˺ɱ֮ɱңǻãҪĻͷɡŷ˵ǰһȺǿߣȴ˿·硣


699 ʮһ۹
ϼҵһȺΧ£һʮٶǴ񾳽ǿߣΪ׵λһûзϻȫĹ
ʮ⣬ŷû¶һĨмЦݣȻΣΪǣվǵĶ֡
һ̣ϵЦȴˣһӰгɱһѪɫ⣬ֱӽһɱˡ
¶𾪵ɫҪ֪ղűɱλһ߽׵ĸְȻסŷһʶԼС˹ŷ硣
ɱԷһ֮󣬹ŷ˿ͣȾܡ
һ⣬ᴩ棬һ˲ǧ֮⡣
ϼ˴ŭǶû뵽һԼһȺ׷ɱһ˽׵ʿȻɱһˣԷ쳣ݵˡ
˷ŭ˼㣬رǸжð˻⣬Ƿŭ۰ĶӺֶӣ˹ŷУԼɱԷȴˣ˵ֱɱܡ
׷
һ׷ȥ
ŵ⣬ڹŷǹᴩ棬Ǽ֮ɣ˲Ϣǧ
ŷȻǲǣǼͼǼ֮ɣΣաֻҪԷû߾ǿߣ͵ס
뿪󲻾ãһӰԻɢϢǽ綼סˡһߣ쳣ǿߣĿ˹ŷ뿪ķһۣʧС
䡣
ԽһϵǷ˴սŷͻΧȥ˲Զĵʮһ۹ءֱӽȫϢȫ۹صȺУȻϼҵǸ񣬶ҲŷĴڡ
ϼ˭ҵŷ磬ҽϼң͡һʮһ۹ضˡ
ϼҵͣòм޲ҵŷ磬¡ˣϼҵӵģҲЦеϼǿߣԼ˸ɱ
Ƕڵʮһ۹صһѱ磬Ϊߵģӵܡ
Ҫǰϼҹŷ磬ܵġпܵĻǲ͹ŷ֣ɱЩ쵰
ߣһȺ׳աŷƲƲ죬ʱıòϢı䣬ȻϼҵȺǿ߼֪ݡ
οЩߣȻ֪òǲ֪ŷϢԸܾ쵽ŷʵݣֻὫһͨߡ
λ̨еһɭɭ𣬼˽ŷΧסüͷ΢΢һ塣
׵ߣһϢȴǿǿܹƵˣٲ֮¡
ŷ粻ǷУǶֵĻȻᱩ¶Ϣϼ˷֣ٴ
뵽üͷ΢΢壬ʱûз
û㻰𣿻ϽشǲǣǸڵĴɭȻ˵һɱòҡͷ֪ŷΣˡ
ˣСǳЩ⣬ǿĴڣֵ˺У۸˲ˡ
ֻǳ֮⣬ûܹѹǣҲȥǿߣһֱûǵѹȥ
Ϲŷ磬ΪԭҲϼǿߵĴǱ̰ˣȻҲõϼҵʹͣԲŻŲ顣
ҲǴ֮ˣûаչŷĻȥң˸ոߡ˻˲ʱ䣬󲿷˶ʶ˼ףųˣŷǵ
Щˣܹǵģʶľ͸ҹŷ絭˵Ȼ鷳ٽдǰ˲ʶôȻ
˵ǸЦһһ仰˵Ȼֱŷüĺһȭһˣһȭܹɱˡ
ǹŷ粢һ飬кһҪָɱ˶Է
ʱһŮӣòһ˫ŵɫӣڹŷϣǽһαװһ
ָ㣬һɫĹγ֣Ǹ׵ǿϡǸѣ⻪ɢС
ֵܾתܣȻܹһг𣬵ȴʲô㲻ϣͬһֻһ㡣
ߵ𣿡Ůӿڣдһ˿ɳƣȴΪڳһ֣һڵϡ
ŷ綼һ˿Ȼ˲ƽҲԼŮӵĶ̶ȣʵ̫ˡ
׵ǿߣŮӻУҲͬǵֵһ⻪ʧС
һĻò˿ͷƤ飬ŮӵдһĨ־塣


700 
ŮӽĿתԼŷһһֵлӾ֮ŮΪӣΧһȵģ˿ŷ񣬼ֱڿһһ
ŮΪᷳģһ֣ԳƺӵĴڣɱˡԳħŮмΪǿһ콾
ŷѪħһսתֳпһʱ䣬ǹŷ統ʱոͻƣû̫עŮӡ
ĻŮһ䣬ֱһָ
ŷһϽ㿪Ůӵһ
ħŮŮӿڣԳħŮùŷЩ⡣Ȼ˲ҪӵĳƺϲħŮĳƺģЩͷԡ
ŷҲ֦˵ͷʵĺһ䣺ħŮ
Ů¶һЦݣЩζĶŹŷ磬ղžҲ֣ҲĶ֣۹֮ʲôʱȻĸˡ
˻һŷһ֪ŮӵͷԣѾ³ԼˡȻݱ¶ǹŷȴĲʲô鷳ˡ
򶨵˵֮ǰģһֱǵһγأû뵽
ŷԼΪѾˣѾ¶ɵɫˡ
ŶŮЦЦȴ̫ţһָоǰˣǸŷˡ
˭֤һ𣬵ǹŷȴҲ˭ģȻ˻ɹŷݣҪȹŷ磬¶Լݡ
Сֵ֮Ҫ֤𣿡һһ𣬸ߴ׵İ˹ֱһطһȭһը飬ɱ
ŷһܹܵϴ⣬֪ԷԼġ
ֱһ֣֣һչؾôʱ䣬ƹôʱûм㣬
ΪԼһƹţðЦ֪ŷԼʡĴ
߹ȥĻһ˴СֱһִֻסŷļЦ˵ǰֵڳˣҾȻΪﵽʲô磬ֵ֮ˣȥһףƹֵܳء
ħŮУŷ뿪
ԹŷɵˣʱҲٻɡϾ֤Ҳţһ˰ǸղǸһֱӻɱˡ
һ¥ǴŷȻ߰Լݡ
Էŷ粻˵Լܣĳһ쳣ˡ
ֵΪʲôҪңŷҲЩɻȻǹ䣬ҲûбҪΪһİˣȥӴϼҰɡ
Ͼǹŷݱ¶Ҳעܵϼҵ׷ɱʱӻܲù
߹ŷԭոսʱϼҵ׷ɱԭܼ򵥣ԷҪշ
ǵʱһλǰ·ڵİѾϼҵˡ
ŷȻֲððķգԼΣԭϼ֮䣬ĳԹ
һ㱻Ϊĸ˵һ־޴裬̡ܹ
һ뷨һƱģһЩ֣Ⱥϼҵ˸һ飬ùŷһ㶡
ЩȵĶŰԷҲǵˣһ¶ΪϼĵˣҪݡ
ŷ絹νڱȶʱ򣬾Ѿɱϼҵ콾ߵʱɱϼҵһѾϼңˡ
ƾˣɱǡŷ翪ڣû̴Ӧ
飬Ȼ¶ˣҲûʲôӰ죬ϾѾϼҵˣǰȴһԷղŸԼΧȻͼıǹŷϲĹ䣬ҶԷȷʵǰﵽԼԹŷ粻ðա
ģϼҵĵ˲٣ϵǶʱһ֣ŸϼҵĹһĨɱɭȻĴ
ľŷûԥֱӵͷ
һǿ콾˭˭СƵǵˣֱϼң⵽ϼҵķ񱨸
ǹŷνҲһ
ǲΣգҪΪǿߣɱٲˣϼȻǿ󣬵ЩУδؾĥʯǽ߾
ǰסŷϢᱻϼҵ˷֣ΪڻĽš
ڰ뿪ʼ֪ͨЩͬϼгԹǿߣǰͬΧɱϼҵľλǿߡ
ޱȣȻϼҵľŸǿߣûо쵽ΣѾȻĽˡ


701 ɱ
һȺۼڵʮһ۹أ˲Ŀ˭֪ʲô飬ôô١
һӢͷɣһԵ쳣ˡ
ŷһȺУΪۣȴû˸СʿУԽǲɽ¶ˮˣԽӵĿ¡
ʮλ磬ŷڣֻλ壬λĬ꣬òͨһϢŷ磬޷쵽ǵǳȴܹо˾ǼΪµǿߡ
Ϊŷ֣ܣ˶ͬһ壬һֵܣ棬ǱֵĸܵܽģȴڽĲãϼҵɱˡ
ֵһϼҵǵʱʵ龳磬Ķ֣Բ
ߵ˵ʮ۹أΪѾﵽ˴˽ף˺ԿԻɱͽˡ
һǾԵڼ˵УǿĴڡ
ĿⶢڹŷϣͻȻڣ˵һ˶𾪵Ļλֵʵ֮ϡ
˿ŷ񶼱ˣһֿ˾еǶȻʱһ𣬵˵׻ǵˡһսǽֿԺǾֵĹϵ
ŷ֮ǰۣȴ˵Լǿŷˡ
ŷЦãûкЩ˾뷨ŷֻ뽫ԯ죬ӵھʮ۹ؾȳ
Щ˵Ҳ֪˵һЩʲôˣֳֻܱĬ
ΪŷʵϿɣȥɱǸϼ񣬾ͷ˵ϡ
ǿ֣ǶԷǸ߽񣬷Զ㲻ǵĻɱ
ȫ֣ɱʣµİ˸⵹һѵֻҪһɱҪϼҵӳȥˣκ˵һѡ
ֻйŷνΪϼ֮䣬Ѿǲˡ
ϼǿߣѲӣʱɨԵ쳣šʮһ۹صĹҲʲô˵ȻϼҵˣһӴļ壬ʵ棬ȴϼңԲϼҷͻ
ǻˣ̲סˣҪԷ˵˵ˡ
λˣҵ˹ŷ䡣һϼǿߵߣ˵
ɫдһĨϲ뵽˼õʹͣѾĲˡ
Ļϼһ⣬ϣʵ
ϼгɱ⣬ڹŷǺ޵˼㡣
ԶһСǳϣǼֵвɼĲϣû뵽Ȼ˹ŷ磬һСǳǷˡϽش
ϼһ㶣ڲ²⣬Լôʱ䣬ûҵŷ磬Ѿ뿪ˣϣԷȻڵʮһ۹һСǳ֮ϣѵôʱ䣬첻ŷĴڡ
·˵һֲɵϡ
Ǹһ£Ͻͷзȥһʮˣȫ뿪˵ʮһ۹ء
ߣ֪ʲô飬ϼҵ뿪Щʧھҵ˹ŷ磬ʹҲòˡ
һСǳУŷʮͻȻһ¶һĨɫλ磬Ҫ
ߣ°ɡһϼ֣ʮŷֱӽУ롣
ĴͨѾ׼ãŷסǹŷܽɱĻԲͨķΧġ
ŷϣ¶һĨšɫͻȴͳȥڴʱһǸЩƵ˹ŷ类ס֮¶һɫ
ϼҲ⣬˵ֵܣڴ˿Źŷ硣
ŷ磬㻹ӣɱϼҵˣĽѾעȥɡϼЦɱ졣
ڴʱŷȴ˹ߵĴҺƴˡ
ŷһƴ̬ϼ¶һ˿мɫŷ粻ĹϼС
ǾڴʱһΣĸоϣǸϼһ㶣ŶоԼǰ˻ˣҽһгֿµ˿ڣһķˡ
ŭӣŸղűŵǸʱȫûиղŵΨΨŵŵԼֵܣһЦĶ
ɵӣҲ֪ԼϵˣοϼĺˣҪ
ڴʱŷȴɱֱӳԽϼȻУŷһĨ䣬ֱӽϼʬˡ
ħ۵Ѫ⣬ֱӽϼľѪԪһˡħ𶯣ʼѪ⾫Ԫ


702 ս
һԪ񣬶ħҲ׵飬Ͼ۷壬۷徳磬һɱԱ
ڹŷĲٿ£ϼԪڽıѪ⾫ħĵУΪҿһķӡ׼
ǲɱҡϼ񷢳ŭҪȴħУܵв
ϼҴסˣʱŷӦŷΧ˹ҪΧɱŷǡ
ڴʱʮ֣һ֣ɱЩϼҴսܿˣЩǴ񾳽ǿߣϼǿߵʱžԵƣһûӳȥ㱻ɱˡ
Щɱֱ֮ɢȥֻˣһ۹ŷ磬˵ͷת뿪
ϼԪ񱻳ħɷ죬ҪƵطӡջƽϢ
һԪ;ѪȻħƷӡֻеȵŷ񾳽֮󣬲ܹƳӡ
Ҳˡڣɫ΢΢Щء
ȺֻʱֶѣٴҪʲô⡣ŷͷԼϢڸ֮뿪
뿪úһǿ˺оϼҵǿ߶֮һŭʮһ۹أڲҪһ
ߣҪٵʮһ۹𣿡һͬһɢſֲϵӰǿߵߣ˶Էݡ
УΪҲ֪϶ɱҼҵЩСҪѾˣֱӽʺӿ˺ϡ
ЦģȴϣߴһСߵĻȻ׶Էʲô⡣
Ѫˣ˻͵ĻָɱңĻͱ˵Щģϼҵ˾ֻʹһЩı𣿡
߳Ĭһ֪Լûκ壬ԷĨɱϼ⼸Ļ쵽
˭֣ʱ⵹֡ʹôͨҪʱ⵹׷Ѱղŷ顣
춯أĥһСͬһʱ̣Ҳֱ֣ӽһĥˣȻϹŴ񣬶޷̽ʱˡ
һ̣ŭˣû뵽оȻ飬ֲѯࡣ
죬һƬѹ¡
Цſһ﷨գûסй
ն档
ŭȣһĨͣᴩ棬ɨ˹
ռޣġ
ռӿγһ޾գȻǿƣҲᴩ͸޾С
߸ŭˣι֮£ֵ½Ƕûһ˵һֳ衣
췭ظĩս١
һеϣһԣϢ΢΢ЩҡҲŭˣһƬǿգȫգһѷ֮У˹ȥ
߱ɣһ˿Ѫ
Χǳȫը飬ʧС˶ŭҪһһʱ򣬼Ӱ֣סˡ
λѣԺΪĪҪһɫ˳Ŀɨǵϣߺжһ
ϳߵݣȻҵͬʱ񣬵ݼߡΪΪǿƼҵĴϣһ߾Ž׵ǿߣֻһϹŴˡ
ߵУǿ޵еĴڣֻҪϹŴ񲻳ѹ硣
ߺȻʮǰδĶ֡
ߣҹ£Ҽ̫ɱϼҵĺ󱲣Ҳѯ࣬ʵǲӡߵ˵
ںеУ·磬Թ
ֻǿһۣȻĿͶеϡ
иϽ֣ǴҸûôϼҵˣ׷ɱߣЩ֣ϼҵ˳ԱɱˣһϵûС
ԼƲ֮¶һĨЦϼҽЩΪʵ̫ˣ֮Բ̽࣬Ǻ࣬ȥ׷ɱЩĻҲΪĵˡ
˻һͷеĻЩĿⶢߵϣߵ˵֮ǰʲô飬ΪֹԺҲ׷ɱߣ𣿡
Ȼи̵ȴ˵֪ǰߣƽʵһƢ˼ĻԼҪˡ
ʶһ㣬ֻεĵͷ¶ɫ
ȻˣǶȥɣ׼˵仰֮ʧһЩߣҲͬ뿪


703 Ĺ
һսʹŷȻڵʮһ۹أ¾Ҳ벻ɱ֮󣬸˵ĵ죬
ˬ
ԵЩǱˣɱһͰ˸񣬾ϼҴ壬Ҳоˡ
ĸ𣿲ȻΪʲôˬءһ΢΢ЩɳƵȴ쳣ħŮ֣ŷͰгɫ
üͷһ壬ЩɭȻ˵£ʲô
ħŮǷǳģһ͸Ĵڣ쳣ɵ
ǹŷ¾ҪȻŭˣֱӺ¶֣ߡ
һѵⶼ𣿡ħŮ˵һ۹ŷ磬ֱӵݡ
ҽƹšŷ翪ڣԼݣ֪ħŮֻǲ²ѣֻҪԼͷǾԶɲʵ
𣿡
ħŮͻȻһ䣬һɫĹ⻪ŷֹȥ̺ſֲȻŽ׵ǿߣҲӲĹ
ŭȴûж֣֪ԹŷʵںĹ
ȻŷȻתű⣬ûж㽫Ϣ֮ˡ
һ˫ЦЦĶħŮϣЩζ˵˵ɱģӵ𣿡
˻һħŮһȻ֪ŷɱĻͲǹŷĶ֡Ҫ˵ﻹһǺʵĸ֡뵽ħŮϵЦݣ΢΢Щסˡ
ֲҪֻǺѣԹûκζġħŮϽͣȻڱǰ֮ŮЩǿߣҲ·磬ڹŷǰȴûһҪţǻҪš
Һûж⣬ĻͲվ˵ˡŷЩ䣬ħŮһȻ׹ŷ˼Լһ㲻ĻѾһˡ
ڹŷܲɱԼ˿ɡ
£ʲôҪңֻΪֵġüħŮԸһ˽ģֻ֪ŷݣȻרһ˵ġ
ᵽԼĿģħŮҲΣ˵ǰ·ϷһĹϽӨķĹλһǰȥܲʲôԵ໥֮䣬ҲиӦ
ܣԲǹӨĹŷȻ񶨣Өʲôطû˱
ԼԼŮʾУʲôĹ֡
ŷ˵ô϶ħŮһ£ʶŷȻ֪һЩʲôŻֵġ
˿񣬹ŷ΢΢üԭҲܸǣǹӨȷʵûĹǾͲҪˡ
ŷ粻϶˵ԭ򣬰еʧӨ䵽ôȻϹŴ񣬶Ҫ֪ȻҲ֪һǿһŮԣϽϹŴ񶼳ˣɨ޶֡
ȻǹӨĹǸĹͬ죬ͣĴһϹŴĹѨħŮ˵ûзǸĹѨȻǹӨĹѨֻҪһϹŴĹѨеõһЩ㹻õˡ
ҾǿȥһԣһõʲôöΪǺаġҲĶˣȰŷ硣
ŷ΢΢һüͷȻʵǸĹѨ
ʮŹظǿգﲢԶħŮڣǶ·ͼЩһһһصǰֱӸͿˡ
֮ͣڵʮһ۹أҪôżǰ·ЩߵĺԶͻ
ǵʵԴﵽ˵ʮ۹֮ˡ
ãʲôʱ˳·ŷ絹ĶˣȲʱ䣬ҲѰһԵҲܹõʲôöΪ
ŷȲҪ񾳽磬ʱͿԺ֣ȥϧߣԯӳ
ɣǿܲҪһЩǿߡ΢΢ԥһ£ħŮڣ˵΢ԵЩ
ŷͰҲȻʵ㲻ʲôϾʱ̫ˣкܶ˵ʵԽǡ
ָȥĻʵȷʵ̫ڱˣһ߽񣬾ܽǽˡ
뼸λ֡ħŮڣŷͰҲûзԡ
֮ħŮżŷסˣһͷɣǿŷͰУһĨмùŷͰüͷ


704 ǿ
ˣ壬ȴ죬һµһͷԣбȽǿһ࣬ڤ
ƽսµӣһͷƽۣһкų콾ǴŽ׵ǿߡ
һӣɫΪưǿȸһ壬ϽһλȸܡͶǴ˽ףԶԹŷͰΪϻ治Ȼˡ
ħŮȻҲеĲԣԥһ£˽ܹŷǣͬʱˣŷȻΪǿսȴͽ
ħŮĻԵЩԾǵΪһЩͽ񣬶˵ܹ⣬ȴ˵ŷܹͽһɲ
ȻˣҪλֵֽһ¡վ˳ͷųһϵ٣ɫŷˢ˹ȥ
˭Ҳ벻˵־ͳ֣һ㶼ûнŷħŮǷС
ŷһվûжȴһ㱦ԣֱӽɫ⵲棬ŷûжһ¡
ԾȻ߰ȴɵ֪Сˡƾŷڿɫ֮²ҡͲܹԸġ
λֵܿԸұһƽͻȻڣս
û˵ֻǵͷ
䣡
˵ȭͷײһ𣬻ƽ¶Ծɫ˺üЩԡ
˵սδرǿ˵棬κˣǻƽۣȻĶ֡
ڤŷ˵񶼱ˣλֵܵΪࡣȻûռñˣҲһĺ뵽Բٶ֣ŷ˵ɫѾȫһ
һأǶǿߵء
ʿУ۵У˭Ϊߣ˭ȭͷӲ˭ͻܵأûʵˣԶ㡣
ŷ˵ı֣֪ŷͰǲԼĸ֣Ȼˡ
һδĹͬѰǲܴ⣬ǵòԵҲçײʡĶʧħŮڣɫ΢΢Щء
вٴǰȥ߾м𣬺ܿд˵ϹŴǰ˻һڳ˶һ
߾ѾµˣҪϹŴ񶼳ˣǸûһᣬȲ
ܣϹŴ񽾰ޱȣǲȥھͬĹѨǽΪԭҲҪ⵽ͬĴҾǲǰŷȻ񶨡
ϹŴ˽⣬ִڸ߰ޱȣ˼ĶǸͿۡػŮʾܹͳȻ˵ͬǿߵĶһûС
ԹŷҶ϶ϹŴ񲻻ǰȥھϹŴķĹֻǰȥ
ŷĻħŮǶͷùŷ˵еϾǵȴڣѾվľߣͬĶٺã˵ϡ棬ԼӵһС
ĻҪͬĹһ£ֵˡ
ҲСҲ֮޾ߣڻУһҪ͵СġħŮڣɫ΢΢ء
ǿģȫܹģһεжһҪСģǧǵߡ
˵ͷǳ
Ƕ·ͼֱӸʮ۹ء
һ·ϣǿ߶˹ȥǿߣǳȫԣҲж·
һЩ˸Ī⣬֮һУȻԷ޷ǿߡ
ŷ𾪣ΪǼǿ߹ˣڿǻˣǿߣͲ֪жٸ
У߲һ·Ҳ·ϵǿߣ˹һ졣
ȻĹǲǹӨĹǶ㹻ϹŴ˵ҲûʲôãǶ˵ҲĻԵ
ܹõеĴУǽϹ񾳽Ļͻˡ
߶ȣǰһ̽ĹѨ
δлˡħŮüͷѵõһĸо
ôǿߣȻҲûʲôᵽʲôԵǿгֵĻпɱ֮
ŷǶЩĬȻųô˵ǰĲۡٴǰ۹иϻһ죬в񾳽ǿߣǲܹġ
ŷбǿǿˣ磬úãֻʵǿʱĲ࣬ʮʱ䣬Ϊ񣬾һ޴ս


705 Ĺ
Щ˼βſЦǰЩˣҲ֪ǰԼˣСӢۡ
һ·ȻΪ̫ߣȴž޴ǱŽԼܹɨ
ǴʱЩͬ콾ɫ˲ıĹǺ̲סЩĻ䡣
˵ǰħŮƽۡڤǶܵ˲СĴü֮İʧȡ֮ǡ
ŷȴһƽ±Ƕ̶ˣͬûж֣Ƿȱֻʱ䣬ȻǰĴڸš
ҲͬɣϹŴĺᣬ壬ĳɾҲһߣϣϹŴȻʲôԱ뷨
۶ǿĴڣһСʱ߹ģֲ٣һ죬ǻﵽǵľ磬Խǡŷ翪ڣȰִ֪ģǰͻԼ̬пһУٻκν
ŷĻһݺݵĵ˵ͷڴ־ľǵõֱӴﵽ˴׵Ϊ
ħŮڤЩԾȻʱˣΪľҲ˲١
˼ܿԼľССĵõһ
Դðһ亹֪ԼղŵǳΣգһ־ľУҺùŷѰǲܹͻľ
л֡ǹ֣ʱ֪ŷʵݣΪǽƹš
ŷ絭һЦղֻѰûаǵ뷨ֻԼˣ͹ŷûʲôϵȻ
һʵҲȻСһ߽ҪԸǵĻδؾǵĶ֡
߾˺ü𣬻вȺӣǿʵ̫ˣȻҴ⡣
ǻܹͻƵ񾳽磬Щкξ塣̾ڹŷ죬ΪģеϧŷһǵʵҲǿˡ
߲֣߽޷вǣһС
⼸ɫ죬ŷ΢΢һЦû˵Ǽǰʮ۹ءǿо¥ѾˣǺòҵһ¥һ£˴󺰣Ĺˡ
ͬʱһɿֲĲǵصǿ߶˳ȥȻڴĹ֮ġ
ŷûзǰ棬Ǹں棬֪Ĺ֮ǿߴͷǵΪûбҪǰ棬ʵǱֵ̫ۣΪ
ʮӰǰУһռѷ측֣޾Ϣд˳ȣΪԾܹߵΪ
ɱȥ
߰಻ס˵ȥ˫ɣҪ˺Ǹռѷ죬״Ż
˶ĶдһĨм
ŷһ֪˶벻ɹǰĴĹǹӨķĹҲһλϹŴ񣬲ôܹġ
ȻǸ߸ոճ֣һ̣ҽг
һɭɭϢдֱӽ֣˾Уһ׵ǿߣȻֱӱϢʴˡ
Ԫȴ岻ɢȫʧ
Ϣ߾
ϢһϢȫһϹŴǧ֮󣬲ܹγɵһ
һߣܲסմϣֻһ;
ǿٵˣɫдһĨ֣ȻϢη塣һʿһ⣬߶η壬ƾʲô룬ûһˡ
ϢޣֻҪſ֮󣬾ͿԽĹˡ񿪿ڣ˵ôһúܶǿ۾ǻлᡣ
ʮλںЩСʿעֻͬʿ֮£ûʸ
ŷǾվ棬۲ǰһС
ʱܿȥˣǹϢʧѷҲӴˡڳˣܹ濴еľǾȻһ硣
С磬Ǵ磬ӵ֮Ĵ硣
һϹķĹ˶ԴΪĹϹŴʵֲ̫ˡ
ǽȥСһ㣬ǿߵķĹаȻҲпҪ⡣ϼҵһߣߣһˣԼͬ˵Ȼȥ
һҲˣȥǲ˺ʧȥȻ


706 ǧǿ
ʿƺƵĳ˽ȥ˭Ҳ棬һЩ߽Ǹʮλߵ󣬳˽ȥ
ŷں棬Ҫȥȴڤסˡ
ڤɫÿüͷ˵һֲõԤУĹ򵥣²ô򵥡
ҲͬĸоħŮҲڵüͷ΢΢ɫ̫ÿ
Ĺһľĸоʮֲ飬ǻǲҪȥˡŷͻȻڣոнȥ뷨ͻȻһľʱͬһˮͷϽһ뷨׽ˡ
˵УָоǳԾҲӡ
֮⣬Ҳвں棬ûгȥɫ࣬СĹвûһ˿ȣһĨ־塣
ⲢǵСܹģ·ϵǿߣ۾һȻǵС֮Ǵʱȴ棬û˿ȥ뷨ȻĹЩԾ
ٰ˲˽֮м֣߳ʣ統У˸Ϳǵòڳȴܹܵһǿѹǵɢľ
ͷһߣǺųΪǿߡֻǴʱɢһֱϢҪһ㡣
Щˡ˿ڣҲһߣ߰˽׵ΪԬҵһλǿߡ
쵰֮ٸôʿ½Ҫˡһλǿ߿ڣĬһʵɲ⣬ȻȴԶ
λյϣԸֻ֣ǳˣһҪѹȥѡ˵гء
ŷǶһۣǵ˼һʲôϹŴĹѨһ壬ϹŴֶΣʿ룬ҪǴﵽĿġ
ղŽȥʿûһҲаǧʮλߣǴʱǶˡ
ϹŴµֶεģܹƳģĻˡ
ʶһ㣬ŷǻҺøղûг嶯ĳȥ
˿ǱսನǸͳܲˡŷ翪ڣ༸ˡ
һͬ⣬ڳ˶콾Ȼ֪߿սͬǿߣ񶼲ҽǵսֻĽ
Ҳ뿪ȴԶǿУעһС
ǸռѷѪе磬ȾһƬѪɫ˷춯صŭ𣬴Խϣ˳
ŷܹŭǸϼҵ𷢳ģֻȴûյϣ˾Ȼǵ˱ıԵ
һͷƤ飬߶ҪˣҺûнȥЩŽȥʿҲ׶༪ˡ
ǧʿڷһɾ춯صԹγɣ̵ܶʱڻһԹ顣
аһ֣̺һɻصɱ⣬ǧǿԹγɵģΪǿֱӿ߾ǿߡ
һ⣬ֱӳ֣һֻ֣˸ԹУֱӴĻҷ
˶һߵг˾ηղŵԹǿ󣬾Ȼסһǿߣ¾㲻ϹŴҲ̫Զˡ
ʲˣѪôǿߣѾʶ˰ɡ̾Ϣһ˫⣬Ƭء
Ĺ˽ʲŷ˼ǵûϹôһ壬ʲϣΪ֮һѵʲʲôϵ
ĻһӰ֣һ֣綼ڲشգĽ£ϵɢȻǾŷҲоĵѣһ
ǧŸоһ㣬˶һۣԿԷеĺȻ
ֻȻȻɢϣǲһȥˣ˵ǿʲôزϹŴ𣿲ŷȴ֪ʲȻǿ󣬵ǸոոûлָΪ
ȻˣҲһǿ󣬾оһѹɵһ¡
⣬̾ȻΪϹŴеٮٮߣʹոոҲǿĶˡ
СƾҲұȣʲ£ȻΪ߾Ž׵ǿߣһϹŴˣͬУһСƺ
ҲԷΪǿϹŴ֮һȻƣȴҲ˵ʸ


707 
һЦû硣һ֣ʲǰȻѾ벻Ҫ˺ˡ
ܡʲȻܾһͣٶûС
˶ɫ䣬һϹŴҪ׼ܹصԭΪҪɱһˡ
ʲǰҪôʵȻȻȴһ⡣
ʲȻĿɭȻϣЦ˵𣿡һɰƣϱŽδǳܲסʲϣҪˡ
ضҪǿգһƬѹ¡
ɫһ䣬һƵʮһƬ󣬶ſ³һƥͬһһ㣬ʲѹȥ
˭û뵽˵־Ͷ֣پһ㷴ӦûУ㱻ನУ˱УԪ˳ȴȻѲĶˣֱӻɱ
ʿڷӴܣԲʮﻯһƬޣеĶȫʧҺǿನһνٰ֣ĵط֮⣬ʲô治
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һѪ˳ȻܵһĴˡڻʲȻͬղһ㣬ΰУɱлһɱ⡣
ۡ
ǿֱͬӱ롣Ԫ˻𣬶ÿֲǶһ١
ʵ̫ˣΪ߾Ž׵ǿߣһֻŶѾϹŴеģϹŴȣʵ̫Զˣûκοɱԡ
ʲȻԭľˣҲܹȵġ
ˣ߾ŭ̲ס֣һʲѹȥ
ʲŴУֱӳЩ˵Ĺǻˡ
ԶŷǿĿɿڴʱʲôϹŴˣ޵еĴʣܹġ
һȺ߽ߣһ۷ϹŴһжסֽʵ̫ˡ
ϹŴ޵У֪ʲôʱǲܹﵽ磬ʵ̫ˡ̲ס˵Ӣϳ
˿һۣڤЦ˵⼸߰ˣԶﲻϹŴľˡ
˻һɫһ䣬Ҳʶ˲סǰˣҲûֹʲɱ䣬ʱҪĻָΪĻʲὫ綼ˡ
ˡȻħŮ̲ס
ڳжǶ벻ϹŴĶ֣ǸͲһεĴڣʵ̫ˡ
ǲҵĶ֣ѵϣ뿪ɣҲɱǡʲڣûɱ֣뿪
ϹŴȻǻʲǣ۷徳磬ɱ⼸ˣϹŴ֣²ʲô³
λ߶Ŀǵ˵ǲΪһϣһϹŴġ
ϾղŵΣѾǣǾԲϹŴĶ֣ȻϹŴ񲻸ơ
ǿ߶ԶԶģǵĿⶢϣһĨ֣´ĿЭĴ𰸡
һٲ֣ǾˣϹŴûһܹӳȥ
ֻ΢΢һԥᶨҡҡͷ˵ʲҲΪ˱飬ƴսΪҪ
˻һʲɫ΢΢һ䡣Ժгһ棬ԡѪƴɱĳ棬ЩǿĴڽ֣ס֮飬ֱ䡣
ɫЩ㱣ԼʲôʱӱˣΪ֮ĻˣʶЩ
˵֮ǰΪԼԭڣȴҲûˡΪ۷壬ûбҪôָΪ
һ˲䶯ҡˣһ̣ʲȴ۾˰ɱ
Ҫ˵ֹƨҵ˼Ϊ֮սҵҵȴǵˣ뱾Դ֮УҲҪԭ֮һҪΪҵֻһ쳤ХӴɱ޾棬ǿնǰããһƬʵʻɱ⡣
ʲĻг˺⣬ҲҪѪɱԭ֮һ
ΪսֱǺȴˣ˱Դ֮أ
޷ܵģȻ֮Ҳһ˿ܣĴ壬ǧǿߵ츴
ʲĻùŷ𶯣֪Էˣʲǻĵʼ֮һϵһ֧


708 ɱϹŴ
ΪսֻΪͺֻһŷѪ˵֮ǰڻʲһ㿴ߵĻڹŷֻʣˡ
ʲɱ磬ڴڻʲɱ֮Ҫˡ
ʲˡһûһ顣һģǿߣϹ˸һ֣㶨ס磬ͷʧ
ϼԭʱ֣ס硣
Ǻˣô˵ʲʡȻûеΪȻǿƣʶԷ
ԭȻϹŴ񣬵ǳɵڻʲ֮սʱ򣬲ûôһˡ
Ϊԭɵ㲻ʶҺԭڣһ˿飬ĮڻʲϣԼܹ֮һ˿
عȻһˣʲôèǰˡʲЦ˵ǰ֮ΪǿϹŴ֮һȻԭС
ԭһɱȴûжֻ֣˶ܹԭŭˡ
ˣҪѪһѪҪġʲĮ˵ǻеݣȴ綼
ҪѪһϹŴ񣬺ܶ˾ûʲʵ̫ˣȻ۷ʱҲһܹɣοΪꡣ
ŷһʱ˾ȵУ˳ȥȻħʲ˹ȥ
ʲǰħΪŷ˵ò˶ŭĿӣⲻǽ·
ʲһѽħסһ۱㿴ŷıԴϲ˵Ǿݵҵ
ŷͷԼݡ
ѪĶԭһ⣬ڹŷϣܵϼ˲Թ֪ǰʿ϶ɱԼѪ
ǼˣȥʲȻŭ棬˵ŷǼѪⲻʼ
ݵѪǴһȺʼϴȥģǵȻ衣
ħѪ⣬ֱն磬ԭϡ
ԭһ۵ı⣬ƵüħֻԭС˻ʲСħһѪ䣬ֱƿ롣
򵥶һĻΧ۵ǿ߿ĿɿڴһϹŴԼǰˣѪȶ𺳣ȸղǧʿҪ𾪡
ԭԪ˻Щǧƣ˲޸塣ֻԭ壬ȴʲٻ˹ȥֱӽеľѪԼС
ʲϢ˲ǿһֻȴһı飬Щŭ˵һϲģһѪŻָ˰ΪҲϹŴ񣿡
ĻԭŭĿɭȻڻʲϣҪһ
̫ԭŭΪϹŴ֪֮ж꣬ûܵˣʱ̣۾Ѫɫˡ
㣬Σĳʲ鲻һһϹŴ񣬶һѪȻΪָĲ࣬ӦһЩˡ
أǧʱתԭ𣬶˿ֲֵķΧڣһжǰչ
ԭҪʲظղδʱ򣬽ɱ
򷨲֣ѹ¡ʲҲһɢһֱ⣬ʱǰƽȴδ˿
ᣬԭϣһĨѪɫ
Լ޷κλʲԭһ˿õԤУתߡʱ򣬻ʲˣ˳ȥһɱ⣬ֱӶԭ
𶯵УԭԪ񱻾˳ȻȻʲ̽˶档ԭոջָͬʲеľȫɡ
อһɻ棬ԭ
ҽԭڴƽСʲĳһֽħӸŷ磬Ȼ쳤ХȺ쵰ҼסҲ鷳֪ƾݵĻĲǡ
ʱĻʲ죬˵仰֮󣬿˹ŷһۣһ̤ʧ֮䡣
ŷԼ֮ظĴϢЩȣһתŷ˻ûзӦʱ뿪
ȵ˷Ӧ֮ȴֹŷѾ뿪ˡ
һգ𶯣ʲһλϹŴ䡣Ͻнɴ߳أϼҵʼ֮һΪԭĸףԼֱ磬Ѱʲ䣬ҪʲɱΪԼĶӱ
ֻ˺ܳʱ䣬ûҵʲֻܷһŭ𣬻صϽ硣


709 
ϼ棬뿪磬صϽ֮󣬹ŷųһСϣһһı֡
ڻʲɱԭ֮󣬹ŷ֪ԼһܵǣֱùϢԼȫһСУ˻Сǵһ֡
Ȼϼֶͨ죬ҲûиӦΪŷҲ뿪硣
ԺˣʲҲǵģҲңһҹҵˡŷֹţһתһӰԼǰһһתܡ
漴ŷסԼΣЩϲغʲǰ
ǻʲһƽۣͷƽڣͨͷһֲԡ
СһﲻȻܹǸ˵Ѱηһ͵ӣùŷһ죬ǶԷϹŴֶҲӢΪ
ȻӢ֮䣬ŷ绹Ǻԥѡǰߵġ
ǰû뿪磿ŷЩ죬Ϊʲǰˣȴû뵽Ȼ硣
ɴ˿ɼʲֶͨ죬֪úֶΣٵѰҪ֪Ĵڣ͹ŷ粻һڤڤжһ˿ӦҪӵͬȼڵѰǷǳ׵һ顣
ʲͷȻҡͷŷɫɻЦҽ硣
ʲôŷЩ㶣ԻʲͨѵҲ벻
ֻǻʲӦòͨ½ôѣӦǺ׵һŶԡ
뿪̫ʱˣعı䣬Ͽңһһ㶫õġʲ͵
ʲôŷɻ
ٻħ˹ȥʲЦã˹ŷһۣҪʲôҪһѪҸıϢ硣
˻һŷԵЩԾЩǵ˵ѵ˵ӵҵѪͨ߾ͿԸıϵϢ𣿡
˵Ļպŷʱ򣬾ԲԼһѪȥ򱻾ϲ˵õˣ˵һѡ
ǣֻоݵѪһ㣬磬븶൱ֲĴۡʲ˹ŷĵǣһ
ŷͷԼƣѪγɢӴʲ΢΢Щȣû뵽ŷѪеԣȻôǿԽʱ
ʲԵѪζŹŷǱ޴󣬽ܹȶϹŴУһеٮٮߡ
ʲȥˣŷųڵʮ۹أȺѾɢȥûСһη飬ʵ̫ˣǧǿлʮߺһλϹŴ񣬼ΪһƬ֮ء
һҵ˹ŷ磬Ȼ޼
㾹ȻϵĳңŷЩ⡣
ϢַأȻڹϢ״̬ҲӦñ֣Եһ߽߻һλ񻹲ࡣ
ȻıòϢ˵ģеıԴϢôҲ޷ıģ˲֪ദԺ޼ڣԭ
ŷͷĻͲˡ
ǰһʱֵ̫ˣϹŴΪ㱻ɱˣڶڴͷ޼̾ùŷĿɿڴЩЦá
ǹͷ񣬿ԺҪӵ͵ˣȻĻҪ˸ݻˡŷ翪ڣ֪޼ڸ̾ԼԺһҪӵ͵
ҿ϶˵Щϻģʲô飿ŷѯʡ
޼ϣܵһԵϢȻԷ˺ö
˵Ҫ֧㾡ɳһǸͺöģһжʮĿӣ԰Ϊ޼˵ԼĿռУóһ
۵񻯱ֻ˲ͱ޼ѹˣݸŷ磬һԥûС
ŷֽ˹֪ԷԴԼΪʲôպնԼĸףŷȻ
ǽȡеá
øϽΪڲ㣬رϼңм߶ˣһǣڵΪû˿ѵĿܡ޼ѡ
ŷͷ˵ŷ綼ܹо翴ƽǰӿڰѰʲôܹоϲʱϼǿ߷ɹȥȻ
޼ߣŷҵһСԺӣǿĽ磬ֱӱչء
ȻУҲˣÿһӣ̺ǿԾŷȡһţ̷ֱȥȡеԾʼ
ڵ¡¡ȴϣԼĵ֮⣬պ۵һ̶ȣԳѳȥ


710 
ʮĿӣŷʮ֮ΪֱӳŽף񻯣ٴһΡ
ŷ֤죬ֻ޼̴ȻҪǿصڼԼ档
ŽףŷǿᣬͶ֮䣬ص֮ܡȻһһ׻߶׵ǿߣŷһսűʤİգΪʵ̫ǿˡ
Щ񵤣ӣڱϣ˵Ǵ񣬿¶ˣǹŷȴûг񾳽磬ⲢǱǿǱ̫ǿ֣ÿǰһҪպԪջȴҲǾ޴ģԽɱУͬҳ㷹ŷʵԶԶڵľ硣
Ϊ֮ʮ۹ء
ǿƣڶ࣬ŷУŽ׵ΪȴۡһϤӰ۽ŷȴһתԶȥ
һŮӣУŹŷıӰüǸˡ
ŮӵߣмǿΧƣһͷɣŮӵУȴһĨĽȻ׷ߡ
ڿʲôһǿʵħŮĿȥȴʲôûз֣΢΢Щɻ
ղƺһˣҿˣˡħŮתƻ⡣
Χļǿߣ˼нһ׹⡣
ǿԿ϶ղǸλãûŮԣħŮȤģֻˣΪħŮİĽߣǾԲ˳ֵġ
ħŮȻҲǵ˼ЦûпĻǸ˵ʵԺɨһȺν
ͬУһ¥
ŵһƽʱħŮɫһ̲ס˹ȥŷЦò׶㿪Էû뵽߻ˡ
ħŮ߹ŷһɫֵ£㲻Ҫ׷˺òã㵽ϲһ㣬ҸĻ𣿡
˻һԾ˶˼ĶŹŷ磬ڿһȻħŮ׷ˣʵ̫˰ɡ
ǿĳǰòƽƽˣΪŽףǴ󲿷ˣ˵Щˣôܱ¿ϣѹͲš
ħŮı֣ȴһ㶣ֻЦ˵ϲȫѾ㰮޿ɾҩˣǲӦҪңҾɱ㣬Ȼɱ
ŷһ㶣û뵽绪ĹŴĵطȻҲܹ˺ŵŮˣȻ˳ԼĻ˵ȥ
ƤȻħŮˣŷƲƲ죬һǽɣߣСȥ䣬úó̸һ
¶һɫԵӣħŮһʶĺ˰벽ȻԸ֣⿪һЩЦǱϾֻµһŮˣֵƤȣȻǹŷĶ֡
ŷе⣬СҺԼ죬ôԶʮһ͵ԼĶ֡
Сӣ̫ˡŷȴû뵽ԼĻѾħŮߵļ׷߸ŭˡ
һվ˳ڴ˽ףת񻯣ֱһŷ˹ȥ
˾ΪŷˣϾһǿ֣Ȼ죬ҲǶԷĶ֡
ƣѵŷ磬Ҫŷɱɴ˿ɼĺ
ŷһ䣬Է˺һŭֱӳ֣ͬһƳûκȴݿֱ࣬ӽԷɨɳȥ
Ǹ˽ڿѪܵشֵĶŹŷ磬Ǹڿһħһ㡣
˶һ˽׵ǿߣ֮䲻ǿģҲԲȫǸѹ
ǰˣƾֱӽشˣǶоηŽ׵Сʿûбϵô򵥣ǵﲻĴ֡
뵽ɫ΢΢Щӣղż֮£ǾȻˣħŮϵˣһˣͬеǿߣܹħŮ֮Ů׷
̨γƺһͷ̷ʵ࣬һֲĵ
ŷһ۾Ϳı壬˵СʱֵʱǲҪȸ߱Լ֣ò
ǸɵǿߵһطԼĸţȴû뵽Ȼŷһۿˡ
̬ӹˣҽܵҽ
ҽлΣǿ϶ûҵ֡ŷ絭˵Լĸ׵Ϻ͸׵һγһµ֣ڳļλͬŷ˵ģû֡


711 ֮Ĺ
ɫЩɻħŮ͵·
˻һȻˡϾ磬·оʮжǿߣ˭Ҳ֪
ǿŷ磬ҲǷǳټģһ㶼Ѿ磬֣ȻûȴҲкĽͣӦǻιڵ͵ԭ
ǹŷ֪ǵ뷨϶Цʲôڵ͵˸ǲڵġ
йŷһǿħŮѾԼ̬ȣڹŷ磬ЩȻỹһǣԵüзȡ
ֻǸŷ˵ļһһԹ޵ĶŹŷ磬һ׹⡣
鷳ŷ罫ԷɫУЩͷ۵˵
鷳鷳ȴͣҹһ¶һȻ󲨣ܾܿԵС
Ͼʲ棬ɱķ˲֪ٳԹŷһЩޣ϶ڹŷͷϣʱǿ߶ɱ
ϲѽȥƵɡŷЦ˵һסħŮִ֣һƬۣһ
ħŮһû뵽ŷ羹ȻͻȻľٶʵͶ㲻ŷһץӦĻᶼûУͱŷ罫Сץסˡ
˹ŷһۣħŮͽӣǲҽԼϷҡ
ŷֱ֣Цɲ뱻ǳص׷ɱ
ôﻹ뿪ҲʵܽȥǰءŷѯʣղһħŮС֣ܵʵΪȻڴŽףҪΪˡ
ħŮһƬһ㣬ûб߼ʣùŷ綼оһ˿ѹ֪һʱ䣬ħŮ϶ǻʲôһμʱŴ׵ʵȹŷ˲١
ڵ㡣ħŮЦĴùŷɵۣĶħŮѾͷϲԼ
ŷɫħŮﲻ֪ʲôЩЦãû˵ģҵ˺õطҪһ̽Ѱ
˻һŷɫŹֱ֣ҡͷ
Цһ̽ѰĹһ㱻ɱˣշӦĿ죬϶ҲǱѪʿ֮һϾǸʱ򣬻ʲûиǲĺᡣ
ȥŷȻܾ
ҸߴݡħŮЦ˵һ޿ֵӣĹŷ粻š
ŷɵˣЩյĶħŮŭ㲻ҪΪǺƢŲھͺ㷭
ŷħŮһȻڵ˴Žףڹŷϣȴܵһɹǿѹ֪ȻڵʵҲ벻ǹŷĶ֡Զڹŷ绹һ㾴ηġ
ϽͣһȻΣգǾԲ壬ѵûо쵽ҵΪѾǴŽףֻǸطΧõһô磬ѵĲȥ
ŷһΧĺôһ׵ˣô̵ʱڣΪŽףЩˡ
ٱǿǹŷԸΪԸԸðһЩΣա
ҼȻѾõôˣȻͬ˵һȻΣգǾԲ塣
뵽ŷͷû⣬һȥ
ŷӦħŮ¶ɫùŷɻ֪ħŮģȫûбҪҪԼǰȥ
ʳԼеʣħŮٺһЦ˵˴𰸡
ﾹȻһĹǾʼ֮һϵĹѨԵɺ֮£ħŮҵеһЩԵĹѨ룬ҪȥĻȴûô򵥣ҪоѪˣܹ롣
ҲΪʲôħŮһֱȴŷԭ֮һûйŷ磬ľеҲܽĹġ
ϾһϹŴµƣûѪͬһǿ֣߳򲻿ܴ
ھ汲ķĹǲµġŷЩԥǱ˵ķĹҲˣϹϣ֮һھĴĹ˵һȲ顣
ŷĻħŮɫЩ죬˵һ㲻Ҫģȣôġ
ŷһ㶣ʲô˼
ħŮȴûнֻͣǸ߹ŷȥˡ
ħŮôĲŷҲĶˣµԸԼĹѨˣ֮ˣǿһȥ
ϾΪǷȱľʵֻҪʵȥˣŷܹܶ飬顣
뵽ŷ˵ͷӦħŮ롣


712 
뿪ʮ۹أûоκˡǿдԶһϵ쳣ƫƧûκڵļֻżһֻǿ࣬ҲǼΪٵġ
һڶǰӴùŷ𾪣һȶסΣҪȥ
Сһ㣬ϵĹѨںڶ档ħŮѵùŷĿɿڴѵҪڶС
ȻΪ飬ǺڶڹŷУһֱǲսʤ쳣ֲģԼȥ֮󣬻лŵϣ
ڶֱ͵ˡ
ŷһԥӣħŮЩЦãû˵龳磬ѾºڶˣֻǺڶȻ˺ܶʣȴ޷Ժڶвû˽ȥ˵ʵдˡ
ŷ̽ӦһºڶеһֹȻͬħŮ˵һǵʵںڶдˡ
ֻһֱֺڶֲĸùŷ˹˼άԼڶͱˡȻˣԼѾͬѰˡ
ǽȥɡŷȥħŮǺЦȻŷ綪ʱ򣬶˵ǼΪ˼ġ
ǲУڶķ˻ȥ
˵ڶɺ֮γɵһ壬ǵ֮󣬹ŷŷ֣Ͳǻ¡
ڶһռͨ
зУ֪˶೤ʱ䣬֪Ѿɳ˶Զڹŷ̲סҪѯʲôʱܵʱħŮˡ
ǰһ֣Ұʱ
һƬããأΧʲôûСͷֻ޾գùŷüͷ
ųܵһ󣬲𾪵˵һ󷨣
Ϊ󷨣С磬һ󷨡ڽӣռҲСҲͬ޴û߲ͨȥ
ǵһأûʲôöھͳȥħŮЦ˵Ȼᳵ·ˣǶＫΪϤŹŷһǰУûжã뿪Ǹ硣
Ǹһ֣ܵǿĹʿųǹɱ˹
ŷһƽһɣȻžȵķ֣ԷȻˣһʯͷʿֻһսǿ˿һĴŽ׵ǿߡ
ףһҲǰǲôָֻˣħŮЩȵ˵һ˸طŽʿնɱֻû뵽һνٴǡ
һַ򣬿ɱġŷӦϤеܡ
ⲢʲôǶܹóҲױƣֻҪԽǵܹΪһЦ
ŷѣħŮҲ쵽ˣ˵ͷͬʱֽɱǸʿɱˡ
ŷ֣ͬɱǸʿȴûжóԽǸǳɱϵķĹѾڲȻƻΪĹĶ
ǼǰУǰشɽһ̻磬ŷȻܹܵÿһɽһߵʥأǷУͷĶȻأﵽʲô
һϣôĴֱʣԲţϹŴҲҵô
һȻǼǰħŮڣָŷ硣
ĲԶһݽߵȣ˵ѾˣħŮһνʱġ
ŷüûжΪãôʲôƻȱֶΡ
ŷԥħŮָ㣬һĳ֣õľȻǼ׹ġ֣ŷ粢İһ۱ݡ
ԵߣԿһԲ̰ࡣǱĻùŷȻˣȻһôȻԥ
ħŮΪŽףΪһԭԲôġ
ŷֱҵһ£ʼȡаľųɫ⣬ƣȻ󣬻һƬ磬תſֲΰ
ǳи֣ǳ棬ֻأ֣Թо
ħŮĿɿڴݻһȻߣûͨɣϹŴķѱԴܹ
ŷ粻ŽףȻҪһˣȵĲһ
оӵĺħŮһֻ㱣һ㱻Ȼˡ¶ֵɫֱӺעŹŷ磬Ҳҿˡ
ղžͲһ㣬ͱȻˣΪŷͽ뵽µĺеǸĵҲ̫һɣ


713 Ȫ
޾ŷգȫڣϢԽԽǿ˷·𻯳һС̫ɢŴ۵Ĺâ
ħŮȴȵķ֣ŷΪȻŽףδͻƣﵽ񾳽硣оѾȥһ뾫ˣŷ羹ȻûͻƣҪͻƵĻҪж٣ħŮ޷
ŷѪڣٶȣٴ˸˵ı⣬ǿˣȻûͻŽףŷѹƣҪﵽļ£ŽռһԾΪ
ǿޱȣһɢϢʮħŮܵһɾ޴ѹ
ٴ˿ŷѾֹˣֱ˵Ǿˡ
ŽףȴѹԼȴһﵽ׻ǲࣿôսڣûͻƣȴ˵еһЩڶҪ̬ˡ
ֱŷչȻŽףЩϧĿЩһۣǽϵĻŷԿ϶ԼֱܹӳΪϹŴ񣬾Բκ⡣
ͷոһڹŷϣһӱɳȥصס
ŷͷ˳Ȼûܵ˺ȴ쳣Ǳ
ǧҪ̰иӦܵͷġħŮڣŷ硣ҲԹͬĿͷȴûйŷˣˣһˡ
ŷ˼ЩֻħŮ֪϶ǹûԼģ̲סħŮһۡ
ħŮƤҲֱӹŷİۣԶɫ΢΢Щص˵ȥΣˣ֮һȪǿ߳ʬУҪɹȥܹﵽĹġ
ŷһ컯ȻģһȪ⵽ʲôطһĹôǰ˵Ĳ֣ʲô
תͷԴȴ˵ͷӦµĻ˲Уǰȥһʱ䣬ǲľͷĿ֮һƬȪɫˮޱ޼ʣͷ
ŷǰ̽ȥڴʱһаϢҪŷͬŷһֱӽǹϢ棬Ȼ˻
ջʱĿӻȪжڹŷϣ޾ɷ
һ޴ĺӰڻȪдʲôڣǾǿޱȣҲˡ
ʲôŷһ̲סʵ
ħŮҲɫأҡҡͷȪһӵΣˣǿߵʬ壬ǵõʲô־һкɵˣҪСġ
ܸܵǿĴжǿŷѯʡ
ԶԶŻȪһľĸо֪Ĵڡ
ԥһ£ħŮſڵܵߵϢȻһǾʵڡ
˻һŷһ澹Ȼ߾ĴڣҲ̫˰ɣǵΪ߾Ĵڣ֮⣬ûκοԡ
㲻õģҸоЩ߾Ĵڣܵʲôײ֣ܶӦòġħŮŷĴ㣬Ͻ˵
ֻ˵⻰ʱԼЩ㡣ǿ߾ʬ壬˭֪ʲôһ𣬶ҲҪɻȪеһԱ
㻹ҪȥŷЩȵʵ˴Σգ¾ȻҪȥȻ˵ҪһԵô򵥣ȻбĿġ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼͷļᶨ
ŷ̾һЦ˵ȻˣҾˣ߰ɡ
ŷӦˣ¶һĨϲɫǹŷʹˣһд㣬ҪɿˣԼȥҲûá
ûйŷѪʹ򲻿һĹѨ
˶һۣǽԼ״̬۷壬ȻǰȥǽȪķΧһ̣˾ܵ˿µĹ
һ񾳽ʬ壬һֻͻȴӴޱȣɣݣǶͷȴһµ˿ڣȻ˺ҪȪŷֱĳһֻצ
ŷЦ֣ͬȭͷϷǧأԼĵ뻢צײһ𣬽ͻĹ˻ȥ
ͬʱħŮҲ֣һɫ⻪ͻϣȻֱӽȥһ顣
ŷ翴ľһһжع鵽ޣµΪߣԷӲ̫Ϊȥ֮֮ͬпܹɨˡ
ͻûǣֻһֱܵ־˷ٴ˳֣Ҫɱˡ


714 
ŷֺգֱ䣬һӵĿֲˣȻͷͻʬ壬ȵͽ񣬵ҲĶֱ֣ѹȥ
ָѪƣͻȫʳɷ顣
ƽһֻΣգ˵ʲô⣬ܹȫɻȪ
ȴûзеľ裬ȪаߵʬгǶҪΣˡ
ǰУٶȿ쵽˼£ȴҲǳ裬עΧĻһԣǽԶǧ
䣡
һӴʬһȴû͸¶߼ʮɣһ䣬ڹƣҪһ
һĽǿߵʬ壬Ȼȫʢ̬ȴҲ쳣ֲ
ŷ֣ƣ˺Ѳ񷣬֡
ǻ嶼ڲֻܹʬϣһµ˿ڣѪȳζ
һߵħŮҲˣʬһֻֻޡ
ˡ
ŷֻأѹ£ʬΪƬһ̣ɫ䣬ǧ
һӰڸղǸطǵصϢɢѹ졣Ȫǧ·ƽܲסӰϡ
ŷħŮСĵԼϢǺȻĶһۣԿԷеľ
һߵʬ壬֪ʲôԭһͷǣˡ
ŷħŮ˵һɫЩס
ԣ󡣡ħŮͻȻĺһ
ŷûתֱ۳һѪɱȥֲĸоȴ߹ŷԼûлжԷ
ȻΪħŮˣһϢһֱߡŷ˷Ȼûκջ
ڴʱŷͻȻ֣һɫ԰׵ĺУûһ˵ϢվħŮһ˫ɭɭģħŮĲ档
ħŮһڹŷ󣬿ǸĶˣټ洫һϢȻ֪ʲô顣
ȻҪΪǿˣħŮ̲סһֱŷ˹ȥŮӵԣڴʱ¶š
ŷ֣ǸѹȥֺգȴһգԷ죬ʧǵǰǴûдڹһ
ʲôħŮУһëȻĸоϾһŮӣֹĶû
˵ħŮǹŷ綼һһ㼦Ƥһ⡣
ܹоⶫǿвǣȴ쳣죬ͻȻ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ˣǲҪͣһֺܲõĸоǿܱһﶢˡŷ翪ڣһֺܲõĸо
ôһ˵ħŮҲͬоľһκڣΪʲôԼִҪĹġ
ٹһЩ꣬ȵΪ񾳽֮վʹ˺ܶ࣬ڲŴ
ħŮɫŷβ֪һЩʲôɫһѵ׼룬ȻˣͲҪźˣΣһܳȥ
ŷϳһս⣬ȻһסħŮٶȿ쵽㣬԰ȥ󣬻Ȫˣ죬Ȼޱ߷ơ
һǲܶԸĴڣ߾磬β׷ɱ
ŷɫأٶ˼ޣ֪ȹٿ˶ٱǰȥ֪ԼԲͣˣһĹ׷ϣǾͱɡ
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ǰͻȻһɽסǵȥ·ŷľ֪ʲôƨɽһ޴ʮɴСգһ̫ħɽһǿ൱˽׵Ĵڡ
ħŮˣȻֶΣǶԸ˽׵ĴڣûκϣġŷȴɫƽھԷ㹻ľ֮ͻȻһǿϢһ˲Ϊʮħȫ渴գﵽܹﵽǿ״̬Ȼŷ˺һһѪ⣬
Ǹǿﱻ쳤ХȻһεĴڣֻǴʱѪʺɫģޱȣȻ顣
Ȫд飬ùŷǾޱȣȴЩʱ԰˹ȥԼѾܹˡ
ħŮϲ֪ǶҪоˣٶȣ嵽԰߾ʬ壬Ҳ׷ɽˡ
ǴʱͻȻһӰԻɢŰϣסǵȥ·


715 ħŮ
ǸղŵǸУΪȴ͸ղŲһϣǶǸ߽񣬶һ㣬˵Ƕ֪һ߾ĸ֡
ͬʱŷҲǸһͷƣȴȻǿ˻ˮǧ˾졣
Ǿ߾ʬǰΧ£ȻǺųͬг𣬴ʱҲסȻ䡣
ûп⣬ǲֻ֣ǱߵѹѹƵ屾ܵĿ֣ܳȻĶԪ񣬶ûá
ϹŴ߱վ۷壬һ˳Ȼ֮䣬Ųһħݷ
ʱȻѾֱܵϣȴҲ˾Ϊ߸޷ǵϡ
ŷԪ˻𣬲ұѹƣȱҪȥ
ȣܹˡħȫգȻֻǽҿӡǱŷȻֲ˼㡣
һǺʧɫ޹⣬Ȼ߾ʬ壬ˣȻû˵ԷǹŷħŮ԰ȥ
һǿŷæܣȻˣҲһ˿ǡ˶ǲҽһȻ嵽˶԰ȴֱը飬Ԫ˻𣬰ޱȣеûб顣
һ㣬ǾˡɫȻת޸壬һʵ½˰˲㲻ֹ
ҺԪŨҲ˰ϣ߾ʬ壬û׷ɭȻĶŹŷǣճ˻ȪС
ϣӴԪУʼָΪ
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չŷ籬һΣǾΣˣᱻ߼ʬɱΪеһԱ
ллˣ֡ħŮлĸм֪һԼˣǹŷעҪ䡣
ŷЦ˰֣վ˵ԺҲΣյĵطˣҼﻹнأɲӢš
ŷĻħŮѵõЩ˼ֵĻŷҲðΣպɻȪ
ǹŷĳʲôĻѴ̡
Һû£ڵĵĵط㿴ħŮתƻ⣬ָŲԶЦ˵
ŷת˹ȥǰһеĹѨʱɢŰϣһϹŴг˯һ㣬ʥ಻ַ
ƣɻ˳֣ӳԵ쳣졣
ϵĴĹŷЩţЩʥأҲûʵ̫ˡ
ǰһţеţΡߴɢŲϢ
ߵǰһεƿˡħŮĿתŷ磬һı顣
ŷüͷͻȻеɻħŮ֪ĿܣûбģϾΪͨҲԵдֻΪѡ
ʶһ㣬ŷ֪ħŮ뻹ûиԼ
΢΢Ĭһ£ſʵ㻹ʲôûк˵
ħŮһ㶣¶һĨЦ֮ڣһ˿˵ģûжģֻҪȥһ۹˰ˡ
ˣŷһ¶˼ɫʲôЦϵʬ֮⣬ﻹбˣѵħŮеĹˣϲɣŶϹʱڵĴ񣬾ھԶޱȣǸʶ
ħŮϣŷûзɣϢ֪ᡣ
ϵŮħŮڣùŷһ漴оԣħŮϵŮĻûоѪδ򲻿Ż
ɫ΢΢һʱħŮƭԼùŷЩˡô飬ħŮѣû뵽ħŮȴһֱҪƭԼ
֪㲻ţʵϣȷʵϵŮľȡҾĵһŻ磬ϸԣɾħŮͷųԼԴϢùŷ¶˼ɫȷʵܵĻϢ
ħŮĻŷѾ˰˲㣬ֻȻͷεڣΪôһ㡣
ǿ˹ŷɻħŮЦ길ȥս˻㽫ҷӡˣ˵֮д٣ڽٺٳôҲû뵽һ´ҴҶ
Ĺ˽⣬ͨҸҵһƤֽϵõģһУЩһֱѰҸ׵ĹѨֻǽҵħŮóһƵƤֽݸŷ硣


716 
Ƥֽ˹һµϢ꣬Ե쳣ɣŷ翴һۣǼ׹ģȻʶȻֱӽƤֽݸħŮ
ˡ
Ц˵ȻָһһѪûǰ档һɫŻֱ֣˽ȥ
һûκΪһѪеһУ׶Ͽһ
ħŮɫǰȥŷһȻ֪һѪϲΪǣִĹУһнпܣһֱΧĻ˿⣬ȴû뵽ħŮô󵨣ܽȥһ㶼Сġ
Цһŷֱ׷ħŮȻһסǳǲǣܵĵط𣿡
ħŮ΢΢ƽֻǴ۾ˮǿż飬ŷǰС
Ȼ˵ٶ˵ģе˿϶ĿɿڴÿһܿԽϰֻٶȣ죬ߵһعǰ档
ŷһһƬʵ̫ˣڲġ˵ǰһ̨ӿ棬һӰ³ϼɣȻʲôȴһ˳Ϣ
ǿߵϣȻѾ䣬ͬˣ飬ֻҪΪϹŴ񣬶ᱻѹơ
ʱħŮ۾ˮУһŻɢŷһ
֪ǼģԴ޳ˣǼȥĻħŮԪˡ
ʶһ㣬ͻȻ׼ˡ
һըһħŮĶ𣬽һ쳣ãȻĶŹŷ磬֪ΪʲôԼ
Ľëϣһ飬ħŮʱ쳣Ҳûǿߵķɣϧ
㸸ǻߣ϶Ը⿴ȥĻ᱾Դ˵ġŷ˵ɢһϣ㱼䣬ħŮһֿϵĸо
ͬϣͬĲɣ˳ӣڲٿˡ
ˡȻֹס˿ħŮ黹쳣䡣Ϲŵһ𣬳ˡ
Ȼϵʬ壬ǰȴҲûһ޷۰Լˣ뵽ħŮ۾ֺˡ
ŷͷۣȻ˺ܶţǶԴŮһ棬ûʲôõֶΣ¼ľŮ˵ᣬɱʵ̫ˡ
Ҫˣ㲻Ĳеϵ㲻͸һ㲻ͬѰ𣿡ŷ˵ҪתħŮע
ֻĻһԼ۾˲ɴˣǵģĹʵ̫ڲͬѰˣһʬ壬ʵе˼˵Ϊʬ岻ãǳϹŴ࣬Ȼȥ£ҲܸࡣȫûбҪֲãȥ
ֻһŷ𶯣Ҫ
ŷƲ⣬ħŮ۾ˣ۲죬Ҫֻʵ̫ˣϹŴϣǸ޷΢һһּѵĸо
ŷ綼һȻϹŴһ˺ѵʶ
뿪ɡŷ飬źܶҪȻԸһط
ٿһۡħŮ󵽣ŷ粻òӦһŮҲкӵˣܹ顣
ҲһͷԼĸĸ˵еĽ֮أָϽôûкԼһ棬Ƿģһ㶼Լʲô⡣
뵽ŷЦԼһԸĸҲˡ
һеһԷޣһ磬ǾȵĶһۣΪ磬Ȼ磬һ߶ǡ
ĬĬһ㣬ǸӢ¶һĨЦݣѾ֪˭߶Լˡ
СӣҺĸôܲ㣬úɣһ죬ǻġٴС
ŷͷһ¶޵һָоԼĸĸĳһУԼݰοϢأֻϢǳһţʹڵΪûץס
Щʧŷ֪Լ븸ĸ۵һûᡣ
߰ɡιħŮԼıˣŷ翪ڵ
ŷ˵ͷҪȥȴħŮסˣָָԶһ̨Ц˵һ󣬿ԽǴͳȥΣյĻȪˡ
дҲУһħŮȥô뿪ġ
߻ȪŷȻˣɲٱ׷ɱȻֻߵʬ壬ֻǰĲܣҲ̼ˣСĸζЩܲס


717 
˽̨˳ȥ뿪һ˲䣬Ǿгŵʬ壬㱼۾漴ˡ
ŷУгԾϸ㱻ͳȥ
һƬʢգΧвٿ򡣹ŷ粢ûطɫ΢΢Щɻ
תһħŮɫӹ죬˷ŭǱβ͵СèһһʱҪ˵ĸо
ŷͷЩɻһħŮֵʵôˣ
һ쵰ħŮҧгݣɫг˷ߺޡ
ŷټħŮӣеĻ쵰һùŷЩɻû˵˭ħŮǳ˰
ãҾ֪ˣˡһħŮɫ˲ˡ
ŷתȥһӯŮˣòɣһɫۣΧһǻԣһ㱡ɴһ
˼㣬ףŽѾ߹մȾԵ쳣ʥࡣ
ֻǴʱŮˣȴּΪȵ񣬶ħŮùŷ˲֡
ӶҪŮˣȻһͬ԰ߣùŷĿɿڴһĸо
ŮˣҪģ쾹Ȼϲˣʵ̫ˡ
۾УħŮ֮⣬Ҳûбˣŷߣ·ûп
Զ㣬쵰ħŮȴܵ˾޴ľһֱӲ˹ŷһ԰׵ùŷܲ졣
ȻŮ˽ħŮŵˡϢǴȥ磬Ҫ֪ħŮĵ֪ģȴųӣһš
ʱŮӲǿ˹ŷ磬üЩ˵ˣôܺһôϽ㡣
ŷӿ϶ˣǰһŮͬ־ЩۣȻԼһ£ֿЦЦҾԼŮˣǲǱӳˡ
ƤЦŮɫһŭ˵ֱһĳӿŷһƬռûˡ
ŷβȴɢһֱԣе棬Ůӵ¶һĨɫЦ˵Ůˣ㲻ҵĶ֣Ů˱ϾֻŮˡ
ƨŮӲȻŭһƬ򣬻ûм˸ء
ٴγ֣۳һ콣ֱն䣬ϬĽնˣһƬռ䲻ȣҪˡ
ŷβֻһָָͷγһСƣǺת콣˻ȥ
Ůӻһ˼ı飬ʱǻԼǹŷĶ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
ûм֣ɫһ䣬˵֪ʲôطҺҶ֣ٴζġ
쳣ǿƣʱȥ˽ǻһĸҹ档ʵŮӲʲôˣһƬżʵУ֪˶ŭԹ顣
İ⣬ȻԱŮǰҲŮħŮطʱ׷ħŮӰˡû뵽ӴĹдͳȻһƬ򣬶ŮôͲԼĵ
ŷµģΣգЦŶŮӣ֪ңһ˲ɱٴΡ
˻һŷϱһɱɱŮӵϡ
ŮɫȻǱŷŵˡ
˻ĥħŮֹŮǺεȵǿƣŷӲӣ䵽·硣

ŷĺǳ⣬ŮҲûһøСͻȻһܵһɺƴϢԼӿŷһ˿ͣһסħŮ뿪
һӰ֣УɣʥϢӦŷϢʧɫһ䣬ͻȻһƳȥŮӳԶ
ΪʲôסղǸˣ¶ʵݣһͬɫս۵ˣòŮ֮䣬ЩƣȻѪԵϵ
Ůӽᣬ˵ǰȴ˿κνɫϽ˵ףҲ֪Ǹ̫ˣҪɱҡ
뵽ղŹŷɱľս̲ס
˵ɱ㣬Ҷɱ㣬²㣬ļһ֪˭ܹȡϵĶȻҲǸ߽ߣҲη߽׵ˡɫս۵ŭ֪Լʧȥһǧѷĺûᡣ
ǹŷ磿ŮҲɵԼĸ׵Ļʱ뵽˹ŷݡ
˵ͷһû˵תʧֻŮһˣɫЩ㱣վУ֪һЩʲô


718 
ŷһİħŮе֣üͷʵʲô
һһ׷ǣܵĻ͵ɡŷû˵ղŸܵһļµϢʱףгԽ񾳽ǿߣסˡ
һħŮ˼Ȼ󿪿ڵħ磬ѾˣϹŴҲ֣ȡħϾħȻǵĵûа취ӳٷ֮ٵЩ߾ͲһˣҲµĲĻ׷ǸӦߡ
˭ŷûߡ
ǸղǸŮ˵ĸףھ۹Աߵҵˣܳܶ۸ħŮͣ˵ɫһ죬ŮӵϷ
ħŮ飬ľͱԷˣ뵽Ǹµĺ̲סһ
һŮһʵ̫Ӧˡ
ħŮȡ򣬻Ƿǳġ
ҵ⣬ˣıƼңҲһ߿ŷ˵ɱʮ㡣
˹ŷһۣħŮû˵ܴùߡ
ŷֱҡͷЦŽףܹӮһߣһ߽񣬹ŷ綼Ƕ֡
ȻӵĻǺܼ򵥵ġ߾ͲһˣǹŷȾ쵽ԷĶӲ
ΪﵽǸΣѾķ룬ﵽһֲֿĸ߶ȡ
ֱȥʮ۹ذɣڵΪֻʺħŮ
ŷԥһ£ȴҡҡͷȥɣһ·
ħŮüͷһ壬Щ죬ദڣѾˣǹŷΪȴûнԼѡ
֪ˣŷϽ͵ҲԸһҲ֪ڹߣڴҵ⣬һ˵ĻҲĻᣬһĿ̫ˣһߡ
˹ŷһۣħŮû˵˰ɣǾΪ̫ˣˣߣǿ͸ˣټ
˵ЩתߣʧڱС
ŷЦĲ˼ҲħŮˣֻǹ˵Ļġ
֮ЦǾô飬Ϊѡ
ǸͻƵʱˡŷһ⣬ʧڿݼŵС
һƫƧ򣬼ûһ̣ŷͻƣǴ٣һ˲˥ϵ˼㣬ء
Ǵ˹ŷľһˡ
ͻƴ񾳽磬ŷ羭˹Ľѣͬ٣İᣬҪŷ糹Уĳ֡
һνѣŷ˵Ǿһݽߣ꼸ҪˣͲһ㣬Ͳ
ŷջͦ˹ѵеԼУ޸Լ塣
֮󣬹ŷվ쳤ХХƬͷųϢȸ߽ˣǿĲ˼顣
񾳽磬ŷͶ֮䣬ɷգָ֮䣬һͣһɿֲһŴ棬ǿǳը飬Ϊеĳ
ĳˡŷͻȻת磬һ
һɫӰ֣Źŷ磬ڿһʳ
ΪʲôҶɽٵʱ֣ŷڶɽٵʱ򣬱Ѿܵĵֻû뵽ǣԷȻʱ֣׻ָ֮󣬲ѡ֣е㲻ϳ
󵭵һЦŷУ΢΢һ˿С
壬õս壬ȻҪ۷ʱ㣬Ϊҵķ˵ԼĴ㣬ùŷЦ
ֲöԷ֣Ȼһ⣬ֻעҪʧˡ
ŷ絽ڣûߣȻ㹻ĵȻĶ֣ǹŷҪߣһݰյġ
ɱҡŷ絭˵дһ˿⡣
𣿡ɫЩζֻһףǺȴűʵԹŷһȻ㹻ĵ޷ѣȻŷӵħҲһ

ŷ¶һĨζЦݣһаһã֣ŷѹŷϱ㱬һɰϢȻߣҲ۷ľ硣
ͬʱһɫĵâնħƬռ䣬վڵһƬնȫˡ
һУŷתܡ
һӰ˳ֻʱͷɢԵ쳣ǱȻûܵʲô˺ǹŷΪȴŭˡ
һͷŭʨӣֱŷķ˹ȥ
һ׷һϣڿݼŵкɣ˲㲻֪Խ˶ԶŷȻʱˣȴ쳣ͷۣܹоԷһֱ󣬽ȫѶѲˡ


719 ۷ս
ڹŷĺ棬ŷ紫СӣӲģħҲɱ㡣
ŷ֮Աǣ˵ڶԷûסץסŷҲܽħġ
ǰɶɣûиѡ˶ĵطЩطϳݣӵ鷳ħ߶һ
ֻҪϹŴ񾳽磬ᱻ졣
ʮ۹صİսŷһͻȻһǰ֪ܷס
һ˯Ҳħȴûжκ̰ܵĹŷоԷӦûԼ
ʶһ㣬ŷԥصİս
Сӣզܵô죿ǲ͵˼ϱ˷ˡһ٩ùŷ羪ϲķȥһ꣬ŹǷɵվУһ롣
˯ǰŷ羪ϲĺһû뵽˯Ȼ֡
ŷֱӻһ磬˯ߣһ
ؿζҼǵСӵϱҲмʮˣõǲ󣬲ôϵŮˣ㶼Ȥñ쳣˯Цһ٩ӣùŷЦá
Ҳ˯ֻڿЦΪߣοԼľվ˳ȻΪ˰ԼΧġ
ҶŮ˿ûȤǰŷƵ˵
Ҫɱ㣿˯һѾԼԶЩʵ
ɫȻû뵽˯Ȼҿ͹ŷ֮Ĺϵܲӡ
ҵħŷʵ˵
֪˯ħṵ̂Ǻʹ죬һζûС
ƾҪħǸ𣿡˯м˵оڿһ
˯ޱȼɵʱȴֱӱŭˣɭȻĶ˯Ц˯㲻ҪװɵҵòҪܣĻҲ⽫Ҳɱ
֪˯һףֻд˯⣬ԶԶӲΪŸ˵Ļ£棬˭ܴӦǲһء
˯ҲЦˣֻЦݣڹŷУȴԵ÷ǳ䡣Լӣ˵֪û˸˵ҪɱˣϹŴ񣬶Ҫ֣һʲôȻʶô׼ɡ
˯ûзɣϹŴ񶼶֣ΪԼ˭Щ۷սǿЦЦɫг˲м
۷սһֲϹŴ񣬵սȴɱϹŴĴڣ˫ǿᣬھϲϹŴ֮⣬ǿսܲɱϹŴ
ִ˵еĴڣѾʧ˲֪ˣ˯Ļ֮󣬲ŻоЦ
ʮ۷սѵ㲻ҵе𣿡˯˵ڿһɵơ
סˣʮФӦʮ۷ս֮һԼ˯֣ʮսеһλ
֮ǰδⷽ룬Ȼ֪˯Ĵڣǲ֪ݣʱȴ͵ؾѣȻһ£ܵ˾޴ľš
뵽ˣ˯Įޱȣ
ʮ۷ս𣬸ǿϹŴ̫ʱڣ֮䣬֪ɱ˶ǿĴڣϹŴ񣬶ϵġ
һ׵ĴڣǽµʸûС
ҲšͻȻṵ̆ŷеħɫЩ
ùŷ綼ЩôߵΪȻĿôڵߣȫ̰ɱǡ
ŲŶνˣΪҪˡ˯˵һƵı飬һɱ⣬ȴ˺Ѳ񷣬ããɱ󸲸ס
ڹŷ𾪵Уǿ󣬴ʱȴͬһ鶹һֱӱˣԪڿ־Ĵ𣬵ͬɱ˺ѣ
ŷͨһǿߣϹŴ񣬼վʿľߣʱȴס˯ɱֱˡ
ⲻ̫ˣ˯̫ǿˣ˵е۷ս𣬿ϹŴ񣬾Բš
һȻ⣬֮ͬܶ䣬ɱߡ
лǰ֮ŷ繰֣ĵĸм˯֮䣬ûʲô飬Էȴξ
СԨԴҸܵͬϢİӦǿ߰ɡ˯ջԼϢһӣ˹ŷһۣ˵
һλӣǰʥŮҲħߵ󽫡ŷףΪʲô˯ԸԼԭǿͬϣԼ֮Ĺϵ˵һ飬˯۾һ


720 ˯֮
˯ԵЩһƽϲ˵ǸѾͷȻδ˻һŷһ˯ı֣ʶһѵ֮ʲôݹϵ
硣˯Ц˵ùŷɵۣԭǰ˾ȻԼĴ˸磬ҲԵˡ
˯ŷһСУٵС磬ȶǳǳԽ˯ǿ֣߳޷ơ
ǸѾͷҪǸ쵰һǲһѣҺû顣˯̾ԵЩ£ȴһŨĸ顣
ΣգҲһֻǿߣͻƣǱǽ񾳽֮󣬿һ߾вˡ˯תƻ⣬ʼ̸۹ŷ硣
ŷͷʵʶķǳģɳ񾳽֮󣬾Ǹ߽ߣҪɱס
ǾѪСЩѪĵˣѪ뱾Դ֮أΪˣʵ˽ľǿߣȫսǲ뿴ǿ𣬲ŽǴ뱾Դ֮أҪþһƽ˵˯¶һĨЦ
һıԴ֮أĥǵԣһ峹׻Ϊƽ˯Ļŷ絹һЩĺúݶ
ֲþǻʲҲҪع飬Ҫ£һִޣǰΪսȴܵƽĴһ˿иУһ壬ֻΪ
ǵĵ˶ŷʵ
Ͻ磬ϧݵļλʼ涼ˣЩȻݳ˲ǿߣǲ죬ıǵˡ˯ҡͷ˵
Ǻεǿ󣬺Хأժ£֮е֡ǻд͡
ֻǺһսʵ̫ˣоϹŴȫսŽЩ߸ˣǵȴ󣬱Щǿˣ״뱾Դ֮ء
ݵϹŴδضˣЩҪҾѪô׵ġŷЦ뵽ϣʼ棬ɵӣߣ϶Ԥеʲô׼˺֣Ҫ
ʲҲŷţоһʼȻδܹڶʱվһ죬ǻֵġ
˯һȴûˣЩǲ˵ģϹŴһ̱֪
ŷҲһ˵㲻ٿڣһ㶫й¶
˯ǰ㲻۷սλֻڵһףŷתƻ⡣
Ϲһսʮս𶼲սˣǿ߻˱ԴôȶڵƣֻҪָ۷ʱΪ֪Ҫ೤ʱˡ˯ҡͷȻŵںܶ鲻̫ںᵽ̲סеʧ䡣ϾǿϹŴĴڣȴ䵽һز˭жġ
ŷͻȻɫһ˯ֱץ˹ȥ
˯ɫ¶һ˿ɻȴûеֿɹŷץסԼֱۡһУ̽˯
˵Ļ˯ԲԷôģǹŷԼõɷ򣬶һǾѪŹŷΪˡ
˵úأԪ񶼲һ㸯ˣŸͷ˺Ρŷɫ΢΢Щء
ŷô˵˯Щȣֻôһʱ䣬㽫Լڵ׹۲ˣⲻһܹġ
ҼҽңԶЩƣһҪ͸˯ǰңҴﵽ֮󣬻ˣָ۷Ϊŷ翪˵гš
˯۾ˣȻôȻʱҲ̲סˣپߵˣθƽô˯ʵ˯ͨ˯ˣֻЧá
˵ŷܹԼƣҼΪĲμ
ǰҴͿԣܹҵƣ˯ЩţŹŷ磬Ϊĥ̫ʱ䣬ҹŷΪߣڴ񾳽磬ǽУҲδؾܹϹŴ񾳽ǿ˺ô
ŷϳţ΢΢Щԥ˵ʱȽϳһ㣬Ҫ񾳽磬ҪʮҲ˵
˯ΪҪ೤ʱأֻʮ֮һһѪ˳ʮʱ䣬ǵУʱ䣬ָ
ģǧҶȹˣȲʮҲżġ˯ԵЩ˵Ĳˡ
Ҳûʲôܹдŷ磬Ļ⽫ԼõĶó뵽˯ԼǲǳȥѰһЩŷ磬Ҳһùŷﵽ񾳽磬κԼơ


721 
˯ŷ磬СϼһƼң壬궼ԾѪ֡
ŷ뿪·ҪߵģǰΣգҲͣΪҪסԼиˡ
ԯ죬ڵھʮ۹УŷҪȥ뿪ŷסԼϢֱӸϵ˵ʮ۹أһ쳣͵û˾쵽
μȴɵ쳣ɣȻȺʮһ۹ءŷֵļΪͨÿһǷǳѵĳȥ
ΪǷǳϵģûע⵽
ʮһ۹أŷһ¥Ｘˣֱ¥ȥȴһˡ
ʱ࣬ǰվһ꣬ɢƣְҪһ㡣
ĲԶڤ𡢻ƽȫˣڵһήҵӣùŷ۾һӾ
˵ѣڤˣҲǴ
ڶԷȴô裬ŭ˼㡣
˵ǹŷѣı֣ŷ粻ˣʲɱǧʿŷȴûǸ£ҳ֣һֻѹѹʿЦһȻȻŷС
ǰ˵Ļұ֤һԱе㡣˵ȻѹƣȴԷΪ̫߳࣬ףǿˣһ˸Ϳⲻˡ
ʲô߹ǰˣ⼸£ɱһֻϡ𼫶ȲȸǼ佾ĶʱѹƣĸԸһȡ
Ǽһ𣬲һ񣬵ǶԷͷ̫ˣʹӣĸ֮ϣǿޱȡ
ǵʵ͵סȺ˵Χ׵ıѹˡ
졣Ц
һǰֱһƾͳ˹ȥϹ⻪˸ȻǶ˼ǿһǴʵˣ¿İԴᱻˡ
ۡ
һ죬Ĳǿ𣬶Ǹߣһ״󺺳֣ߴޱȣֱһƽ͸ˡ
͵Ԫ˻ڲԶû壬ȴ״󺺺ɱȥ
״ЦָǺƣγһ磬͵ԪУдը飬ͬʱ͵ԪҲѡ
˲ɱһ׵ǿߣ˶Щ㶣˭Ӳһ׵Ϊȴǿս
ɫ״󺺽ĿԼȥһ˫۾г˾״󺺵ϣη塣
۸ҴֶӣǸ״˵ֻĻȴðǶɵˣ˭壿
˵ļУû˵ĴڣȻǶǲʶ˵ġ
壬и̣ȴϾ·ɱһǣǿɲ뽫Ǹˡ
ȴ֪ǹŷġǿߣڼĿƣѾﵽ˼ޣһЩ룬һߣδܹϳ
ƨĸ࣬壬ʲôƨ壬㵱ү۾Ϲ𣿡Ǹ걩ŭû뵽ԼˣˣˬʱɱһˣֱӾʹһͣչֳǿ
ҺǸǰ˰֮ĸ˶ҵĴֶӣ㲻ţŷɫһ˵һɭȻϢϣһ̲סˡ
ȻףŷȣƲԶأͳܲסŷƵѹȡ
ֱҧǸ׶ڸ磬ǰˣʲôȻҲֵܡ
ǰһռԼ˵ıˡ
Ҳǲǵ壬֪˭ɭȻ˵Ȼ
ϼҵķŷ絭˵
˻һɫû뵽Էһ۱㿴ԼǻֵôȻеûˡ
ϼȻǿ󣬵УһҶģټ嶼ǲ࣬гԽǵ塣
ϼ˵£ǷǳСĵģپԲҵЩӴļ塣
㵽˭ʵҪ̽Ѱŷ
ŷͷֻǶһ˵ĻԼµЩˣȥΧɱŷ硣
ﲻˣϽŷǿޱȣĲһѪΪϼҵĵϵѪʲôʱǳо޹⣬˵˼㡣
̫ˡŭһ֣ߣȥŷΧסһɱ졣
һսչʿϽ㿪񾳽ǿ棬ǱĻɡ
ϾУǿģܹսûʲôʵҲֻ󲿷˶һʣΪ飬ǿ߶١
ĸ춼Ҫˡŷ˵ǣһЦ¶һĨɭȻЦݡ


722 ն
˾ʱ굹һ㶼ˣЦŶŹŷ磬Ϊܹ֡
ϾŷֻǴһףղѾط̽һ£ó˽ۡҲʲôǿֶΣܹɱ񣬵һֱʹãʱĹŷ磬Ѿûвˡ
ɱ
սͬʱ֣ŷУָһƣÿһأѹɽǳ
֣Ҫŷ
ŷȻֻǴȭԵǿƣЩ򶼸飬ǵȭͷЩϣͶɳȥڿѪ
ŷһΣ˳ȥĳһ͵ǰȻһȥڶԷԴϡ
ۡ
ԷԴѣԪ񶼱ɱˣŷ翴Ҳûٿһۣһͳ˹ȥǸĽףţǿޱȣûֱӶüսŷ֡
أһɱ¾֮Ҫŷնһ
ŷָţɱ¾֮ץ˹ȥһɱ¾ֱ֮飬ŷһڶԷϣǸը飬Ԫ񾪿ֵĶ˹ŷһۣתܡ
һ͵Ԫ棬תγһʵ磬С
ŷһԷԪ飬һɱ˹ȥ
Էֽűʱȫɥʧŷ˹һȻתܡȻĸ죬ŷץסֱ˺ˡ
Ѫһأ˸Ĺ󣬳һ
Ǹ͵Ԫ¶ڿУ¶ֵɫ֪ԼΣˣҪնǰ״飬ɱϣܷŹ
Ȼŷһ䣬͵飬
ĸǿߣں̵ܶʱڣ㱻ɱˡ¥ݻٵĲӣȴûȫ𻵣⵹ùŷеԾ
¥صķתػһС
ϰɥһƵĶŹŷ磬Ҫҧһһ
ʣµǸ꣬ɫ֣̿ŷĿʶԼΣˡһǹŷ죬ֱӵסȥ·Ӳȥ
ͷð亹ֻܸɰͰ͵˵ҽϺ죬Ϊеĵϵ㲻ɱҡ
̧ԼݣϣŷܹɵŹԼҲ֪ҲֻһղŹŷ֣֮ͼûкͺͽĿԡ
ûʲôǲɱġŷȻ˵
ϺˣѾעŷ粻ܷŹԼѳֵˡ
䡣
Ϻ֣ȻԴУǿ򱬷ŷû
𾪵УŷϴһĨЦϺûǿĵˣо
ֻǴ񣿡Ϻ챻ɱһ˲䣬ʳһ仰
ŷͷ΢΢͸һ㱾ԴϢʱϺо֪ǰ˭ˣһжˣŷֱӽɱ
߽ˣһѽץסתܡ
ŷ뿪󲻾ãӰ֣Ǹ߽ǸӦΧϢʱɫ䣬û뵽ԼѾܿˣû뵽һеһϵ󱲱ɱˡ
顣
һ˽׵ǿŭɱգ˺Ѳ񷣬ãã棬ǺӶڲǳܲסɱ⡣
֪ʱ֮ҧ˵壬һҪļһ֣ʮأҲҪɱ㡣
Ƿɱ׷ɱǡ
ʱŷǣѾﵽһСǳ棬ǳ͵СҲֻԪ̫ŨԼûʿ
ŷ¶ݵʱ򣬰ǾȻû˿⣬¶Ȼӡ
ǲܾһ𣿡ŷƣ뿴˾ȵı飬ȴû뵽Է޶ԡ
ƲƲ죬ֵʱҾѾ֪ˣһ˭ôǿ
ŷȻǣһ㶼м㣬ðǵ壬һ쵰Ϊصڤ̲סЦһ䡣
ȥҾʸףûһֵܣƭңһ˵Ҹ׵ѵġЦ˵
㸸ʲôΪδҵĶ֡ŷһȻɫ
߰˽סĻֱùŷˡ
ŷԱ˴Цƽʹ˵Һ㼴ʹϵɱǸ쵰ǲһ㶼ץȥˡ
ᵽϺ죬ҧгݣȻǺ޵˼㡣
ǼˣߵһûгԹôĿ⻹ǵһΣһ뵽ղŵ龰ıӶðˡ
ɱϺ죬ϼҵ˱ȻǷͨҾûȱһʱ䣬߽֮·ᵽϺ죬ŷɫһ࣬顣
ֻùŷû뵽ǣĻһ䣬ĸ˶ҡͷ¶һĨЦƽ۵Ϻм壬ҲУ飬Ǹüеļ϶ˡ
ŷһٿ˵ı飬ȻҲͬĴ㣬ŷ֪Ҫˡ


723 
ˣкǿͷֻƽʱҪĥԼ뿿żеͷ˽ɢһ
ʱŭҪ붯еĳˡ
һϼҽپ޴ѹĴͬʱѹȡȻϼҿ¶Ҫսսҵ
ϼϹŴ񱻻ɱһλڸƣȻϽ·¶ı䲻˾档
ѵȺ쵰ˣĴһ𣬾ϼҲҪëΪĸ֮ǰ裬һֱߵĳ嶯ǲһпγħ
ʱҲΪŷֵܣһѹѰŷֵܵˣϼǾԵǷɽ֮ڲɽšڤоһĴͬʱĻܹһ㡣
Ͼļ壬ÿһϼңȻֻϳѡ
лˡŷЦ˵
û뵽ڤǾȻ⣬һɵˣŷȻԸ⡣
˷ֿŷ·ʮһ۹شˣΪȫϼҵˣͬʱ˷ȥҪŷҳ
ŷ羡ƫƧĵطɣǰ۹ظȥ
֪ǣһȺ˴߳磬˵һ۹ءͷһӣӢ񻷣һǿĲˡ
һŮȴһʥϢʥ鶼һԲλĸо
ŷͷɵŴͣû뵽Ź˲ʱ䣬ŷ羹Ȼ磬˷ơ
׼˵ʶŷ硣Ǵͷ˵ĻдһϣϿɡ֪УǶĴˣЩ˵еĴǣУǲŸո𲽣ֻһˣûкǿ߿Ŀܡ
ǷֿɣһĿ̫󡣡һֺС飬ǱˣɫôȥˣҲǳɳˣʱ磬޾ķоͲһҪΪˡ
ͷԯݺᣬ˼һ£ŵ˵ͷȻ˵סҸҵͨѶǳˣ֪ͨǣǻ취Ӫȡ
磬ǳȺӣ͹ŷ粻һ˺ܶ׼Ҫʧ͡
ݺ壬Լһ·ǸʥϢŮ˵ӣԯ޵жЦѡ
ȴûоܾǵͷΪ֪ŮʵһǿߡƾһزԯݺᶼЩˣŷ羹Ȼҵһˡ
ˣ䲻Σͽܣûн̹㳹׽һڡ
쵰㣬һҪúýѵһ١ԯݺݺݵ뵽
ǶֿˣѡԼ·ΣգǶѾ֪ȻˣȻͲẦΣա
ԯݺȴ֪һ˹۲һȻ͵͵뿪ˡ
ŷУоʲôϵܵˣ磬ֻҪȥ׽ָоȴʧˡ
֪ΪԼΪԭΪԾ쵽һУϤǰӦ
ʮ۹أǿһӢеٮٮߡѾһܹ񾳽ն
ʮ۹֮ҵӰ㿪ʼˡΪеǿߣʱ򣬶Ѿɳˣǿ߲ѹǣҪǰܹѹǡ
߾ЩļУҲǾԵĸ֣ײȻΪһǿȥѹһ
ŷȻıòֻǱһСòƣǸΪһ㡣
߲࣬ԭסΪܱ󲿷ֻ˾磬ҲУǿˣУֻΪͨˡ
֪ˮС㣬ڽбء
찡ôܣˮСǵʮ۹ΪŮˣ˵ôͻȻҪˣ
˵Ƽ𣿡
֪
ƼҵһӵܣˮС㣬ҪΪԼĵ£ˮС㲻ӣҲûбİ취ֻľȽԼ޳ȥ
ԭƼ
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Ƽ˯ŷҪرעļ壬ǾѪĵˣбҪĻŷ粻ִǸƼӵܵ롣
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־ǿһֵʱɫ΢΢Щ˵ĿŹŷƶβסɱǵ۾
ٸңҲɱǡҰħЩ̵˵޷˵ǰֻ߸߸ǰҲ˵Ļ
ɱ˵ʱҪ˵ħ𣿆¡ŷƲƲ죬˵ĻҰħһתͷݺݵضŹŷ磬һҪӡ
򲻹ҡŷĲ˵
ҰħݺݵĴһڴȻԸϣĲǹŷĶ֡ŷڴһ׵ʱ򣬱ųԽսҰħܵ޴вǴĽףŰûκѹ
ҰħȻŷսǴŰ
һתߡŷʼ磬־ǹЦЦҲ뿪ˡ
־һȺˣɫҪƵһˣȻ죬ֻǾƾǣҪԼˣȴΪԷܹ
Ƕ˭Ҳ˭ߵһǸǿ콾һս࣬ʵˡ
ע㣬ҾǸ˱仯ΪӴһף˴Ľףܸǿˡ̫ɫء
İɣΪվǵĶ֣ҪġȴǷǳģ¶һĨЦݣһ޿ֵӡ
־һֲõԤУǸоУһӦõ顣
ֻǿЩ˶һӣҲö˵ֻܵ˵ͷ־Уȴ쳣裬ֻҪֲԣ̳ˡ
Ⱥ쵰־ͰˣֻҪǸҳ֣ҾǺĪҰħ¶һĨпЦݡ
ŷһ֪Ұħ뻹к֣쳣ġ
ȺУ򴫳ĵطȥ죬һƬ嫵Ĵ½֣̺Ŵ
ﾹȻһ磬һĻ֮󣬹ŷɫ죬һλʲһ磬ǧǿߣʲҲûлΪѪʳ
һԵϢ˹˾һ񣬾ŷ綼ͷһ壬оԼֱ𻯵һ
ָоǼΪģҪ֪ŷѾǴǿˣʵֱ仯ѵõ䡣
ȻһͻȻŷһ
ֱĵŭһҺʲô
ղҺĲǱˣħĵ飬֪Ϊʲô쳣˷ܣǳ˷ܼһһӹŷз˳
ʲôħ֣ŷҲˣʲôܹħô˷ܣʵǳŷϡ
֮һ˲ι棬˵Ϊʲô˷ܣֻҪõ˲ι̵֤ʱڣ񾳽硣ħ鼤˵
ʱԽҿڰطӡˡŷ˷ܵԭˡ


730 
ħ˿϶Ĵ𰸣ȹŷ绹ҪʵΪϽĵһױȴ䵽һأħ˵ǲ̵ġ
ħȫʢʱڣһϹŴ졣
бҰħ۾⡣
ŷһۣһﻹǺ֪ʵζָоѾԿ϶бˣһһıֻһڲ֪
˲ιŷ絭˵
Ұħһ֮֮һ˲ιȻ˵û뵽ﾹȻ˲ι
˲ιԪУѵԪĵҰħɫɲһƬ磬ͣ
Ԫ𡣿ԪӴ𣿡ŷɻ
ħڹŷЦǶ˶׫ģмʵԣ㻹˰
ŷ絹ûʲô˼ĸо֪ǲ֪ڲǰҲֻһ˶ѣڣõʱ̫ˣܶණ֪
Ԫͦû˵
㲻û˵ԪɣŷһãȻӣҰħɴ۾û˵ԪǼΪ˼һһ
ŷһ죬̲סҰħһû˵ûԪʲôϡұҪ֪𣿡
Ұħһֱڹŷϣβʶ֪˭ˣǸŷļһû뵽㾹Ȼ
ŷһҰħôܿԼݵģ
統УֻҪħĴڣûв֪ԪĴڵģֻеˣǱ֮ԪųֵġҰħͣùŷΪʲôԼᱻҴˣԭһԭС
Ҵҵ𣿡ŷ綢ҰħЩ䱸
Ҫ֪ݣǱҴݣȻ˺ľ棬ߣ׷ɱ
ϾħջҲǷǳġ
־ǳ֣ŷ˲̫ԶҲŵǹζһ¶ϲɫ
ӹ
һŵһߣ˹ɡ·֮ʿȫ顣
˶¶ɫϽ㿪ǿߵг˿־壬һͲҪˣںһʿ
ߣҲˡ
ߣоһļһںԼݣΪκԼĵ飬Сʿ֡
ΪһֵĶ󣬶ûʲôСʿһֱڣҲȻĺң
˶Ǹŭԣ˷ŭĶźߣǼߵ㽫Ŀתˡ
ĿռϣҪ磬һ򵥵鰡һ֣߳ƮƮտĵزʱվ޵ͷųһѹκð֮ġ
ߣҲˣˡ
֣ùŷһ˵ˣΪһ棬ʵǿޱȣ˵Ѿ߾Ž׵ĴˣͲһܹɾϹŴ
˶ˣǶûϣˡ
ϾȻų߾ǿߣûа취ȡ
Ҳո֡ɫĿߵϣ¶һĨЦݡ
ϼһ㻹ûء߶ûʲôÿģЦеĿڣг˻ҩζ
㶼ûأôأҪҲĺ档Цһ˺⣬ò˶̲סһս
ߺٺһЦû˵ֻһ˫תţ֪һЩʲô
õطһһһ׳˹ֱӽ߸ײˡ
߱ŭɱ죬Ҫ֮֡ˣ𡣡
ֻǿ˺һۣεһ䣬úɫȴʲô˵
ߺߣֵʱüͷǲԾ塣ȻĵЩɵ
ʲôˣŷЩȣϣܵһϤϢȴȷϡ
ֻ֪֪һǧǰͻȻģų𣬵ʱѾ߾죬ʲôҲû֪ǿ¾ûгΪϹŴҲˡҰħ͡
˶ǳĴڣ˹ŷһ֮⣬Ҽʶ
ŷ˼һǧǰģ֪ϵǹϢ׽ĸоǾһǹŷȴûϣܵѪٻ˵֮ûѪԵϵ
˭ŷа뵽
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻķ֣ԼЦЦֻǸЦһܿʧˣùŷ缸ΪԼء


731 ǿ
ƣһ򿪰ɡͻȻڣ˶һղҲ˳Ž磬ȴϼ͵ĲˣȻŽ׵ǿߣ˺Ѳˡ
Ҳһ£Ҳһģǵͨ죬ȴĴϡ
ҡͷЦϲǺܹ򿪵ģԪͨʮѪܹ򿪡
˻һһֱӺ
˵ЩˣһЩݣԼ׽סѪ硣һۣ߲м˵ѪҺԲ
˻һ˶ȣҪ֪вǳ޺ݣȻ˵ѪҺԲǷ߷߲ƽʱһ˿ҡ
֮飬壬ֻ콾Ѫܹϴ򿪡ٴοڣĿȴס콾
ŷڣһ巢û뵽ҪԼ˶ֵģȻߡ
ߣһŽ׵ĴڣҪɱǣһ˶ܲ
̫־̲סվ˳ָŹŷҰħ˵ߣ˲񾳽磬ȴܹս߽ѪҺеԾ㹻ġ
Ļ䣬һֻ˹ȥֱӽķɳȥ
־ըԪƣòײȶϽ޸壬ſɱԼ˾Ȼ
ڵ໰ֱ˶棬Ķ𣬲֪ΪʲôҪԼ֡
Ϊ壬ȴͬУ˶ǰˣ˵־
˵վԭأ徹Ȼڷ
˵־ȻԵ˿һǧǰ߾Ž׵ĴˣǿߣֿûС
ȴͻȻЦˣһֻŷץ˹ȥҵǾ˵ĲѪҺеʮ㣬磬ٺòˡ
ҹ
۾ͻȻһɣֱһƳ˳ָסƬ棬ֱӽɨɳȥˡ
߻ͷзײһŴǲֹͣڱŭˣɱã棬˻
ɫ࣬ŭô˵ǰɨôԶĸͷ޴档
ɱҡЦߵĻϡ
ٴγ֣ûκη򲨶ȴԾԵѹ¡һ涼˶Ҫһ㡣
߼⣬ȴȻסһֻ֣ɳȥͬ߾Žף֮սȴر߲Ķ֡
ˣԼ򲻹ɫ࣬˻ȴٳˡʿǿƣƵǱ飬涼·Ҫˡ
ָоĩһ㣬ľս
ˣеˣôҲߣӰɡЦ˵Կһֻĸо
ɫ࣬ȴû֡
һ˫Թ۾ȴʱڹŷҰħϴתľս϶ôǳɣ
־ȻҲһĻһϲ֪ŷˣߵˣǹŷҲﵽ߾磬ȻӲ
Ҿ㣬ʲô⣬ĺҲҪɱ㡣𿪿ڣֱвߵ۾ɴˣŭ죬ҪսһΡ
ˣҪ嶯ǻǴɡȰܣЩͷۣһĴƬ涼Ҫˣ綼Ϊʷ
ȻĵǸʱҲˣԻϹŴ֣ɱǡ
ûѪδ򿪣üͷ
һһѪԴˡЦ˵
ߣѪҺ̺ȹŷǲ֪ǿ˶٣һһΣ͵ֵϹŷȫľѪˡ
ǲ࣬߾ǿߣѾеǿˣϹŴѾķˡ
ⲻٺһЦֱӻָһѪ˳ȥڴ档
ͬʱߺҲһܹоǵѪҺԡ
Ҳ飬ϾΪ飬ǣѪҺȻʮ㣬Խͬʿ
һξѪƿϣһµϢ˳˶ˣ˽ȥ
ǶһԪɵھݱ֮󣬵ȴ磬ų֮ϹŴжٮٮߡֻʧ٣ҲӰȴû뵽Ի


732 
û˸ߵǰ棬ǶĬĸߵ󣬶˲ιܶûֻҪҵһЩԵͿˡ
ŷҰħ۲˺ܾãûгһδĹ飬һСķ˽ȥ
Ƿɽȥһ˲䣬ǵŻʧˣ޾գùŷɫ䡣
ͼƿȴǵʵ޷
һ磬±һƬ󺣡ǸӦһ뿪ķ˳ķ˹ȥ
䡣
˷ɳûжԶʱһ̫գѹ¡
ŷֱһȭȥ飬ҰħҲ֣һգһӰ֣һɫĹâһεĲɱҰħ
ҰħХһڹɱȥѪǸɱˡ
־
ŷ޵Уһ̣ͬһ֮ݺ飬־˲ŷ罻ǧٴΣɳȥը顣
ŷǰ־ˣͻȻɫ΢΢һ䣬Яķ򣬽û
֣Ž׶Ҫ㻹һ˽ǵ̨ϱŷǸ
ĴЦɫЩŤˣȻԹŷǺ޵˼㡣
ҲһʶŷĿ£һһ˷ǳ£һɱĻ˵һǳΣյ顣
ԣ
־ͻȻɫܵһЩͬԼͬͬʱԼһ㵽һߺ䣡
ֻѹ£ǸղڵĿռ䶼ûˣŷ³֣ڷ磬磬־ǵϣ޾ɱ⡣
ҰħǱߣֽǸɱԷǱӿ
߸ǿ֣ȴǹŷǵĶ֣־ǲšҪ֪Ƕ񾳽ֻǴ񾳽磬ܹȡ
ʵϣȴǹŷ˵Ķ֣ս
ɱǡҰħ˵˸⣬ֱӳ˳ȥŷһ𶯣ΪҰħ˽ףնɱ⼸ˣǵľѪԪ񶼽Ұħ
ۡ
һǿ߱նɱԪҪߣȴŷֱһץУлڣֱӽԪˡ
飡
Ұħ֣ɱһһѪԪֱɡ
ʣµļ˵תӣ־ж˿־壬֪Ļˡ
ߣŷЦֺգ˾˻
ҰħҲһһڹ⣬ɱһˣ̫־֮⣬ȫɱ
ŷ罫ǵԪ;ѪݸҰħȻЩڹŷ˵ҲкܴãǱϾĲħԶЩѪԪʲôģűܵ
Ұħȴô࣬һ·ϵĵһħûԭΪһħͷȫûκ
֮ҰħЩѪԪΪֱ˴˽ףҪŽˡ
ħɱ˵ĵٶȷǳ졣
ͬҲ׳Σգǲ֮ˣʧ
Ұħ֮ħŹŷ翴˺ܳʱ䣬ŷ翴ĶЩëˡ
ʱ䣬ҰħеħʧصĴһһ㱻ħˡ
ħıԣ㲻Ӧħͷġŷüͷ˵ܹܵҰħԣʺħ
Ȼ·ϵһħȴħͷôһʱദŷ絹һĵСһ
ҵ飬ܡҰħһҲûпŷһۣһ˹ȥ
ǰķȻŴ󲿶Ӳһܹʲôվʧһ档
Ҫ֪Ĵ磬ޱ޼ʵģʧУҲǷǳѳġ
ٶȺܿ죬ʱ׷һȺˡŷҰħ֣ɫһȻЩ衣
ߡ
ҰħһЩ˲һ񷣬Էӽ䱸ˣ˵˵;衣
ŷ˵ֱҰħ뿪㿴ܲܺͶԷͬ·أҰħôһ㣬˵ͬ·Ѿллˡ
ҲЩ˿ǶԷһߡ
Ƭ󺣣޾һǷ˺üʱ䣬ûдﵽͷ
ԣǻ󣬲ʵڵĵطͻȻ˴һߣδǰԻʱȴ̲ס¶ݣԼķ֡
ŷǻһ¶ȵɫ߶ԻĻҲʵ̫˰ɡ
ɫڣȻ쵽ԣȴû뵽ﾹȻǻǶƭˡ


733 Ĺ
۲һȴûпһ㾿ףϹŴµĻ󣬶Ȼڻһ棬ûʲôɾͣԲſ
ǽĿͶڷһǸߵϣҪϵõ𰸡
ȻϹŴʧĿܣҾڻһƭˡǸ߿ڣȻ˻󣬵ɫȴ쳣ÿ
޷ǰĻơ
󣬲ϹԪµĻôԼĴвɻʵ
ⲻ󣬷ѾܵµĹԶԣȴӵƣ޷п飬ֻǿл󣬲ܴӳȥǸ߿˵
Ļһڣɫһ䣬Ȼкüλߣ˵һϹŴµֶΣǲܵġ
ϹŴһּ£Ҳ޷ǵֶΡ
㲻Ҫϻˣʲô취ܹơЩˬ˵öԷеˡ
Ǹ˲Ļȴ˿ʵԶԶ֮ϣһʵ۵ĵطʵ㣬Ȼǿơ
ѪһЩ飬ȻλߣôͨӦܺĻ󡣡΢΢ԥһ£Ǹ߻ǿڵ
˻һ֮µʿɫ÷ǳѿ
û뵽ԼȻҲ⵽֮֡
á
ߵӦһֱһץʮץ˹ֱӻɱ
ͬʱҲ֣ͬʮ񣬶Ҳһֻɱˣ׼ʿȫһ
˲ʮеʿıΪΪһǿˣȴ֣ЩߵУǵͬһ
ŷҰħһۣԿԷеأһεѰ򵥣Ժ󻹻вٵΣա
˶ãѪΣǸԪֱһѪħ򲻻İŵġ
ģԪȻɱϣǴ޹˳֣ôһʲôġùŷû뵽ҰħȻԪķ˿Ԫ飬һ㽫ŷˡ
ݺݵĵҰħһۣһ仰û˵ʱûвŷڵ̫ǡ
ڹŷĸоУǸԼԼڱԼȻ벻ͨں͵Ϊʲôŷ֪ԼûʲôΣա
Ѫ֮ŭһգֱӴ˵Ĵͨء
һƬ󶼷ˣʼ飬¶ʵ硣
䡣
һֻգѹԲ֣Ϊۼױ鲼ɢһӲĹ⡣
˭û뵽ոƳ󣬾Ȼܵ˹һֻ֣߾ǿ֣߳һںߵϣ߸ķɳȥ
һѪ쳤Х˷ŭ
𣬵ǲɵĴڣֱգȻסһƬգһӰб˳
һܲĹȻΣǾԲࡣǿ¶һĨɫתܣȻ֪ԼǺߵĶ֡
һĻ˿öЩ㶣һǿ߾Ȼ˵ǰúܶѰ˼Ϩ˲١
羹Ȼ߾ǿߣ˵ΣաǿߣûܹԱ
߻תԷͨ
Ǹɽ飬Բʮﻯҽס˺ߵһҲԡѪɫѪ䣬Ȼȳζ
ŵϢֱһȥȻǵֱӻһŧˮһĻ˾˭Ҳû뵽ѪȻ̺ǿĶԣ鶼ܶ
һЩҡΣһ㶥סǸϽ˿Ȼڵǽڵȫˡ
ɫףղΪ˽һ㶾ԸķǴıԴֶʵ̫Եˡ
ùһβįˡЦһ㶼ģ߾Ž׵ʵϹŴԳ֣Ļǲģͬĸֶɱ
˶̲סһۣһﵹǲģǾͲһˣڳ˳˼֮⣬󲿷ֶǴҲࡣ
ΣգǸû˿취
ǰڸô죿ʵȻһľ磬θоԻиǿĹвʮ̤ʵҪһж
һߣܹסԼ


734 
߶оΣˣ˶ɫ죬Щ֣̿رΪϵ͵һЩʿʱѾԼϣŽˡ
мĿ˺һۣ𵭵˵ҶҲ죬ҲǰʣҲġ
˻һɫ࣬һҪˡԷһӶԼôҲһ߰Ȼ𣬵ںܶ˵УȻǸ߸ڳĴڡ
ʱȴọ̀һ𿴳Լ˵ֱӽɱ
飬ܹ
ǱߡͻȻڣ˵ĿĶ˹
˶עԼϣ˵ԪŲǳĽ飬Ĵ磬һе˽ģҪҵأ߳ȥǰòС
ã˶ɻ󣬲֪һʲôӵĴڡ
һЩ˵ãǴ˵ԪйȻǸ򡣡
һȣԪйã˵һй˵һ
ܹ仯󣬶ҿΪ֮Ǵľˡ
ߺԥĵͷ
˶ĻҲʱˡĵλûбҪƭԼЩˣѾ߾Ž׵ĴˣͬһУûʲôܹвĴڡ
ֻᱻĴ磬ʵܹȥֻʱˡ
Ȼһֱ쵰һҾһΣɡһ˳ȥٶȿ쵽˼㣬ȻҪ˦
ܵϢԼΧڣɫһ䣬һ쵰Ȼ˳ȥҲЩǿˡ
߶Ķһһ˲жʮӰ˳ȥˣҲ˺öһ
һĻùŷǿĿɿڴ漴Ǳ뵽ˣ˲ι϶йУЩ˳ȥһҪ˲ι
йУԪҲЩҪõġ
ҲŷУֻȻٶȺȣͲ˲٣׷ߵĽŲ
ܿ죬˶ˣ֪Щߵȥˡֻ׼һҷɣڹŷҰħԥҪҪͣµʱһӰǵߣǻûзӦʱֱץסǴˡ
𣿡
ŷ羪һȻû뵽ԷȻ᷵ҽԼ˴һ֪ĵط
Сһ̬Ȼһ㾪ȵɫûСЩĿҰħһһһ򶨣һ㶼һ
ǣɵˡҰħǳʵ˵ղıŵùǺΪҪǶء
ҰħȻɱߵħԸδˣȻ
ŷһЦˣһﻹܸЦһɣղеҰħˣʵ̫ˣԭǱɵˡ
ΪԷôأùŷЦá
𣬶һŪЦˡЦ˵ǹΪǻΪǼһǻк𣿡
˻һŷҰħһ㶡ĿУһ˼ȻЩ顣
ֻΪʲôҪôǾЩˡ
磬һֱٴ⣬ҲģЩ߻飬ӣֻǿϧѾ֪ĴˣôܻܵƭЦ˵
һмᵽʱ򣬸Ǳĵ˼㣬˵һһùŷôЩ⣬óǷǳеģг˲м
ʲôŷɫһ䣬ĻǶƽˣ²һ㣬ǲʲô³
ֵĻҲĿתŷ硣
ŷһһֹĸо˵ԼΪԭ򣬲Żֵģŷӿ϶ԼеĲ²ˡ
֪ǰ;ʲôϵŷ綢۾Ҫ֪𰸡
ԾݡЦ˵
˻һŷˣΪʲôһֱŹŷ磬ҶôԭҲԾݡ
ڹŷΪĴ𰸵ʱٴ˵һ仰ùŷһ
һһʦս
ʲôŷɴ۾ֱԼģԼڶԷϸܵһϤϢʲôǱģԼżҵĹ
ģǹżҵķţֲùŷоôϤ


735 ں
żҵȥһֱһ⣬ǹżҵĳԱ֪Լ棬ȥʲôط
ùŷû뵽ǣȻĿԼϢȻԼͽܡ
ܹ̳һ߾Ž׵Ĵڵˣжǿ󣿹ŷе㲻ˡѵѾΪϹŴˣŷ𾪣Ļŷһ㶼ɡԷǹżҵȻΪҵԼĵϢе仯ǱԴȴǹżҵ
ս˭һߵҰħЩֵʵ
ȵŹŷ磬Ȼ˵뵽һ
ҵȣֻǼһֱ֪ȵ䣬Ҳ֪ǰȻĵӡŷЦ
ЩȵĶ𣬼ʵǰʹսʲôط
ܹҵս棬ڹżҵ˵һ飬ŷЩڴĶҪĿеõս䡣
֪Цһ˵Ҳ֪ʦȥҿԱ֤ʦû飬ȻϹŴ񣬵ѾΪ۷ս𣬾ϹŴ񶼲һĶ֡
һ۷ս𣬹ŷһоϲ˼㡣Ȼּ֪ǿ߲ױɱʹüλͬǿ֣߳Ҳһġ
ȻûҵսλãǹŷȻ֪ԼϢԼĸףһԼһġ
ŷı齩סˣͻȻʶԼ֪ԼһԲĸĸж೤ʱûмˡ
뵽ЩЦãȻĬȥ
ʦӦڲһŴ֣ҵΪʵ̫ǳˣ޷ʦ𣬷Ļһ֪ʦ˵ùŷҰħˡ
һ۷սڲ֣ʵ̫ˣǴȥĻϹŴҪë
Ϊȴһ֣ǼΪµģпܻӰ쵽磬ϹŴǵ
ˣⲻܹ飬ȻҪʿһΣһҪ˷۱Ц˵ֻȴһ⡣
ƼԾ֮ˣһģԶƼҵˣһøжûУǵĻɱƼϹŴʱԼǶ֣Ѿ֣ɱˡ
ĻŷǶһۣԿԷе˷ܡˣ¾û뵽ǻں棬ǰɡ
Ǻ𣿡ĿͶŷˣ¶һĨЦݡ
ʲôЦǿ߸ǣôܻẦ£Թŷ˺ܹϵҡͷ
Цһֱ뿪
һȺ˶ǰɫһֲõԤУǸõԤУڱˣ
˴ͨ·ȴ˿첻ϢףǿԼˣҪڰг֡
۾һ⣬뵽òҪҵĵߣȻĻԲк³ġ
й۲УЦˣֻЦݣȴ쳣䡣
ߣǻǰ𣿡߼ֱӸߡ
ǰҪСģҸоһ˿ͬѰϢڰжǡɫĮ磬ǿ޾һ㡣
ߵͷʱʵʵģʵ̫أ߾Ĺ֣ȻΣգЩ˻֪ԼֻǼһ׼ļƷȵĴﵽõʱ˶ΪƷЦ˵
ںߵΪˣǷǳмģԲŻֱӾܾԷ׷Ҫ
Ǹô죿ŷʵ
УѾ˴ˣȻѾϤ˶ԷĴ㣬һʲô飬ǾԲܵġ
ˣҲƷʱþǵˡЦ˵˸ž⡣
ŷһ㶣û뵽ȻҲڴõ⣬ǱΪûȤء
ǿǵ뷨Ц˵гΪϹŴܣֻҪҵõˣڵľ磬ʹΪϹŴ񣬵ǻ۷սǾܹģֶȻȤ
ŷ𾪣ΪʲôҪˣΪ߾Ž׵Ĵڣ飬ǳΪϹŴȻҲһ
ˣ˲ιЩ˲ιǵΪзǳĺô˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ŷ˵ͷЩȡ
˲ι̺޾ľֻҪĹʵΪһǳ˵ĵز


736 Ԫǿ
رǹŷ磬ȱЩ̺ǿĶһӵ˲ιĹ̡
ǿŷ뷨ɫ΢΢Щ࣬ĸ룺ŷ磬ǧҪ̫ĻԺĳɳ
ŷһЩɻ󣬶𣬲ʲô˼
֤ǿ޷ֻҪﶼԡ
֪֤Ҫͻصʱ򣬾òҪ̫ʵ˵ҲԲġ𵭵˵
˻һŷһ
˵ָܹ
˼ƿеÿһվ΢һſŵϸһеγɣеڻ
壬һ档
Ϊﵽ˹ŷ磬Ѿ֪зУв˵壬һͬһܹС
ֻˣǹŷȴ֪־
ſ۾ЩƵҡҡͷûа취
ЦЦû˵ʲôԹŷڵľ磬ҪУǲܵġ
Ҫǿ󣬻ԵˣȻ򡣡οŷ硣
ǰǰеˣͻȻѻ
͸ղŵﲻͬһͷʮɣɨ񷡣
һ˳ȥȻԵЩСȴ죬ֱӵסͷ
һڣû
ͷҽУڰб飬ָܿ³һףлصƣȻͷߡ
һ߰˽׵ȻҪɱȴҲô׵ģֻߡ
ɫ΢΢Щǿеϡ
˽ˣȴоУҲиǿĴڣ߾Žס
ϹŴ񾳽ĴڣǲܵģŶԳһִڣǷԼѾǻɱˡ
鷳ˡͻȻڣɫ΢΢һĨ
Ļ䣬Ҳɫһ䣬ܵ޷Ĵڣʱ߸
һͷͻ֣ͨƽɫһò鶼ܲס屬˶һ⾹ȻǴ˵еһͷ׻ޣʵѾﵽ˿ֲ߾ŽףϣҲδظ˵ʤ
ʲôˣΪʲôԪ硣ͷ׻Ŀ䣬ȴû̶֣ǴʣȻҲоǰһȺ˲ǡ
ǧϵʿв֪ߣУȻҲͬȼĴڣҲչս
ԪԪԪȻѾʧ٣ȻͳΪ֮ҵȻܹ˵Ȼ԰׻߾Ž׵ĴڣҲ㹻ĵ¶Է
ȻʧˣԪȴǵģЩǿҪԪ磬ǶҪһһֻӴڰУͷԡ
ֳһ߾Ž׵ޣһɫѿ˼㡣
ϣ
һͷգʮɣǵأĶ˵ϣһ
߾Ž׵ĸ֣ϸղŵĲԪ磬ֱƿֲôڣ»Ե·磬ǵĶ֡
ʲô𣿡䣬ȴ³棬ǹȥ
ָǿ߶ţ˿壬⵹һϾҲ߾Ž׵ĴڣȻڶԷվܹġ
ҲԾվ˳ʱһ𣬲ǱˣߣǾŽ׵ߣҲֻһ;ˡ
ΪϹŴҪӹͬǿߵ׷ɱʵ̫ˡ
ֻ𣿡Ŀһһϵˣۻ軨ɢһָϢǴʱȴվ˳һԽ죬ɢһӴϢһ綼ڲ
һ߾Ž׵Ĵڣ˭û뵽ȺоȻһܡɽ¶ˮȴڹؼʱվ˶һǶ衣
˭Ҳռˡ
Ȼ׻Ҳ֪϶ˡ׻쳤ХһԶ飬඼Уɱ˹
ͬʱҲ֣ս߾Ž׵Ĵڡ
ҲȼսǽжԾƿֲ죬ҿԪ磬һصನһս󣬿綼Ҫˡ


737 ߵ
޾Ԫ飬սŷǶһߣĿɿڴɱ˺գһɨ֮£ʮ֮ϵǿ߷ɻ
вȴѪȾ񷡣
Ǹտʼмʮ䣬Щǿ߰ҲǸˣȴʱ䡣
ǿ󣬵ǶԷԲڼߵĴ£ɱǶ˸纣û񷡣
һѣ˫ٸʬ֮Ƿֿˡ
·ĴأѪȾˣ˾춯صԹﻯΪһƬë֮أɱԹᣬγһƬ
ҿŷңǱһߣҲ벻ʲôýղһһ׵ǿߣһͱԷɱˡ
ͻȻã̫ˡҰħͻȻ˵һĨɥǰΪԼµһˣͬǽ죬ȴеܵĸо
ֻûгɳﵽǵľ磬Ǹǿġŷʮ˵ڲŴĽףܹɱ񣬵ȵ߾ʱսǿ
һۣҡҡͷҪ̫ڽ޵еǲߵһˣʵ˭Ҳ˭٣Сˡ
Ϊ߾Ž׵ĴڣȻʸ˵ĻŷͷȻ֪ܹߵ߾ģǲ֪ٴֵܳһ콾Ȼȥ
ûǵԪ粻򵥣ſֲ飬߾Ž׵ĴڣޣһʱᣬҲöԷûа취
ϲģڸô죿߶ߣҪһ⡣
ǼΪԷ壬жʵ˭Ҳ֪ҲǿԮ
ҡͷ֮ǰҲû뵽ôǿ飬ΪԼ߾Ž׵ʵԿһУڿס
ã֣񽥽ļᶨ˭ҲֹãȻԷ߾Ž׵ĴڣҲһ
ǵʵȴʤ
ǲ֪ﻹжǿߣ߾Ž׵ǿߣٳһǻǳΣա
üͷվûߵĻ
ɫ΢΢Щ䣬ЦһҲ߾ŽףȻһỹҪȥ
ʱ򣬵ûбҪȥƨɡ
һȺĶ룬ãܵġЦɫдһĨ
ŷǵͷ벻򵥣ЭĻеϣһֱ״̬һȺ˲ʲô³ġ
ߣӦЭȻȥߣɫ΢΢Щء
ߴʱȴǵһЦûƵӷ·𿴴޾ռ䣬Ī⡣
ڹŷǵУǴװB
ӣҲһ㶣ԼԷˣЦһߣղ飬㲻Ҫ֡
תһۣȵ˵ðɣҾԭˡ
˻һһֳӵĸо޺޵ĵһۣһ
ȴ¶Цݣһۣ˵ʲô˵ɡ
֣ʹýͨ߾Ž׵ļһɱһ߾⣬˵Ļ߳һ
ʹýͨô׵ģԪʮ־˵ģȻ߾ŽףҲ޷ܣʹùһڣʱ򣬱˺׾вǵ
ŵҩ㲻ֹǡӻóһҩݸߡ
һſͨĵҩõ֮ȴ͵شһ̲סվ
ߵ¶Ծɫû뵽Ȼӵֶ
ߵĽҩΪʵ̫пˣҪһҩһҩһߡ
ƼҾȻӵĵҩҿóɣȻֹһ
˼Լȥ֮ǲǽϢȥǸʱ򣬾Ƽǿ󣬿¶ҪܵʣʱпܻƼҸ
Цοͣ˸ֻģû߻뿪
ߵƼҸɫһ䣬ɱ˸
ŷŪʲô֮Ҳǻ䣬Ȼû뵽Ȼ˸ҩɱһ߶ҪпᣬֵҩǲֹڣߣΣա
ϾȻ߸ϣߵ棬ϹŴء


738 ϻ
ߵϹŴã˲䲹ǵһߣһҩȻϹŴ纣ܹƽ
ϹʱڣϹŴҩ֪١֣սȺۣڽһΪֹ
Ǹʱ򣬾ߵĴˣҲǸʱ򣬾棬֪˶ϹŴ
֪һΣŷҰħò̾Ǵ֮ˣֻյĽȴ൱á
֮󣬾ݵĺˣȫ뱾Դ磬һУǳɳʧȥԡ
Ǻʱ˽ܳ磬ʱǷˡ
ݵѪǹΪܳģѵľ磬ҲѹƲסǣЩҪǳ׻ΪһˣǲܵġЦ
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纣һ㣬ǵ߸գϢ磬Ȼһ磬˳ȥϹŴУĿ
ͬʱ׻߲ҽһͷ­ըǲһˣԪƣܵ˿µ˺
߽ͨȻͬ߾Ž׵ǿߣҲһ
׻һǻָȻݺݵĿһתܡ
赲ͬʱߣ˷ߵΪָ֮ǰҪǿơ
Ԫеܣȴȫӡǿ߳һ߾Ž׻ƽʨӣһȺǿߣסǵĹ
һսǿͬƽʨӣһ㱻ɱˣǻˣ׷ȴû˵ǵĸ
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ԣѿɷ֪䣿ϵˣоԷĲԲ֮
ǺҶϻߡϵʿ˵
ߺ𾪣ϻ棬ϹŴֹϻ˸񣬽ǸϹŴشˡ
ҲΪһ£ȥʧ꣬û뵽Ȼʱˡ
ߵֱóһߵͽ˶ԷС
ϻشϹŴɱѾ˵߾Žףʲô¡
ҲֻԶԵģĽͨͬɱǡͬϹŴһ㣬˵ǲ𣬵㹻ҲҪɱ
ϻ߶˵ʩչϻ纣ޱȡ
Զİ׻ͻͻȻһãǵԪֱӱǣһضֲ٣ֱӽǵԪ飬
˶סߣϻߵУ𾪣ֲشϹŴʩչûз£Ҳп
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ϻУ͵תϣȻһЦˣϲΣߣϣĳЩ˲Ҫʲô˼
˵ЩߵŽ˿Уһ˲ָ
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ϣɡϻϢգֱǰ
ߺ֪սʱˣԷ߾ŽףʵѾ֮ˡ


739 
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ΪҪ磬ȻҪЩ߶УѾˣﲻʲôôû̵пǵòʧһ顣
ߣƴˡŭգѹ˹ȥ
˹ȥס䣬˺
ͬʱҲ֣ս䡣
߾Ž׵ǿߴսѪ˺üΣǶͬһĴڣ˭Ҳ˭ǿһжǳʵ
ϻߣ˻ƽʨӣ߶쳣ֲ
ƽʥɫϢ񷸲ǣڼսѪȾ졣߾ķһС
񲻸ҿһನ߾֮µһٴΡ
ϹŴ֮£Ϊ۷Ĵ棬ֲ˼㡣
ƽʨӱŭǴսߣȴ޷ռϷ磬Է߾Ž׵ĴڣǶһˣγ˾Եѹơ
߾Žף߰˽ȣǿĲһ㣬ǹŷҲܹзɣ˾
ŽѪһ㱻ǻɱ
ǳ˳ȥԶ֮䣬һͷһܵ˿ֲĽѣɱ˲١
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ǣûһɫǿΪߵǿߵС
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磬ǿѾɱĲˣѾûܹ赲ǵĽŲˡЦһ˿ĸо
ϻߺĸ֣һ˿ľһľĸоǾԼˡ
ϸ֮£ȴʲôò
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ߵãһϹŴһ壬ԪʧٺһֱԪ磬ߵĻãԵסһĹ
߶ˣãȡ
ߣȥͻȻڣú߽ȥ˶һ˲ʲô˼ˡ
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ɫˣǿĿ⣬ȴӲͷƤ߹ȥߣΪԶԶ֮ϣɱǺ׵顣糢ŽãҲܹƿʱȻߣҲĶˡ
뷨ȥ
಻ͣȻЩš
ߵ֮󣬺һ߽˶񣬿źߵĶ۾գգ
Ǻߣܹ׽ȥĻǾԻԥĳȥ
ãߵջʵ̫ˡ
ߵĶᵽɤˣõϡûʲôر鷢һŽȥµ鷢ˣߵ˲仯Դӣʧ˵ǰ
ˣ˶סˣһ߰Ȼˣһ㷴ûУʧ˵ǰ
һë֪ãգȴû뵽Ȼյز
֪Լղһ˲䣬ҲӲᱻֱӻɱ
һЩ飬ʱȥһֲõԤС
ٴָһߣ˵ȥš
ǸϳߣĻɫ䣬Ȼԥȥ
Цһֻ֣նԷץУȻֱ˹ȥ
ǸߣͬϢʧˣʧ֮ȴʲôһܵ÷·һ㲻ͬ
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۾ˣĿ⼯ϡ
ɫ䣬οͼǧǿߣ˷ȥ
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˷ŭȴס߾Ž׵ǿߣܿǧ飬ɻˡ
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ͬʱʮӰȥȻǿߡ
һˣǿƣȻҲһ߾Ž׵ĴڣȻصڣ¶ټ


740 
Ƕû뵽ԼЩУȻһ߾Ž׵Ĵڣʱɱ˳һ˽ȥ
Ҳߡ𿪿ڣһסŷҰħ˳˽ȥ
˲Ӧĳ֣һ⣬ȴûг֡ҪõǸԵĻͲܳΪ˵ĵˣĻȺ֮Ҳܶס
Ҳкһ¶һɱ֮䣬̫·
ϻߣаʵʵɱ⡣
һǧǰǸ˺ʲôϵĿⶢϡ
֮ǰΪΪûȥӦϵϢڲΣȴ̾쵽ϵϢ׷ɱһˣΪơ
˵ʦ׷ɱ㼸ʮ磬ϧջǱӵˡ𵭵˵𾪡
ȻʦǴû˵ܹ׷ɱϻ߼ʮ磬ʲôΪ
ϹŴ񣬻۷ս˵Уͬʱƺ
ֻ磬ܹ׷ɱһ߾Žףߵ˼޵ǿߡ
ʦ𣿡ϻЦˣɭȻޱȡɲʲô𣬶ϻһȻϹŴû׼֮£ҲҪش
οһ߾Ž׵Ĵڣпܵġ
ŷһԼʼ׷ɱˣʲôöǹżҵĴͳŷ绹Ǻ׵ģǴԼʲôˣǾԲɱˣɱ֮ˣǸɱ֮ˡ
ԶϻشҾϹŴʹսܣɱΪû֪ɭȻ˵
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һֱ죬㹫ˣȻǾǿϹŴ֮һϡ
ʦͨڹȥδûʲôܹסġЦڹսƳ絽˼㡣
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ãԪйһһתϹŴĲܣ߶סġ
ʹ߾ŽףϹŴ£Ҳͬһ㣬ǱһεĴڡ
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дأõеĴأܳΪϹŴ񣬶߾Ž׵ǿߣ
ס˱ɫǳ˹ȥס˶ϻߡ
ϻǿ󣬵ǴʱҲɫߣֹɱһˣҲ޷ͬǿߡ
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ϻû֣Ϊ˸ǿǸص߾Ž׳֣Ҫȥ
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ϻ߲ҽУֿµƣԡѪھʮ˲һ㡣˶ɫǸг˾衣
һشϻߣжϻߴԭ򣬵ǶԷǿȴҲǲɵġ
һͬĴڣأδ˵ǸǿȻǶϣҲ˵ʤ
䡣
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ҳ֣ͲҪǰװʲôǸǿƣֱԷöϻ߲һѪ
վϻ߻ˣֻҪΪϹŴ񣬱˵һ߾ŽףʮһٸҲɱ
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ϻЦȴûм֡
һǰɡ
ڵ˭ǵһǰȻᱻʣµļֺɱŻ顣
ǰʲôҵ飬ҲκϡڴʱһǱˣĻ˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼıﲻġ


741 һ
΢΢ЩԷԲڲ֪ʲôǸǶһ߾Ž׵Ĵ˵ǷǳջԵĶ
Ȼģе㲻ͬѰ
ϻЦκãȻĻ˶֪ôġ
ǳƣɫһб˶ϻһۣЦ׳ա
ϻߴŭԷһȻǰҲ
ʱˣֱɱȥϻ˺ѳ룬ϻߴŭԪɱȥ
纣û˵ɫˡ
Ȼǿͬߣǿ棬оܱȫԼʧϻѾɫͻȻˡ
һΰӰǸһɺȻ˿ֲȻһ½ǣû顣
¶𾪵ɫֱԼ۾Լһǿˡ
Ҳɫӣһ̣Щ֮ĲˣԼȻҲͬߵ۷壬ǺȣȴûпɱԣͲǶ֡
˵Ҳ룬ҪҵĻҲɱˡǿƣûпϻһۡ
ϻһڸһҧˣʦ׷ɱȴֱӣɱҪܡ
ǹս𣬺ͶϻȣСֱģȴһٵĽĽˡ
Ķ
ϻŭһ֡
ֻǿһۣȻ˵ϻٲ۵ĻҲɱ㡣˻һ˶ɫɱһ߾Ž׵۷ڣΪԼ˭ϹŴ
Ȼޣȴܹ뵽Էʵղ𽫶ϻߵ˺ѣף𾪡
Ĵ뿪ȻǰȥȡǸ˵һֻᡣʵ̫ǿƣĴ߾Ž׵ǿһ֣ѹ˶Է
ֻǸߣɫƽһǰС
໥ɵ֪Էǿ󣬶һǸ̶֡
Ŀ⣬ת񣬼ɫЦһúõȴҪЩνĻԵϹŴĵΪô׵õ𣿡
Ļ˵¶Цǽ֮󣬾ѾˣֻҪȥȴѾˡ
ߵһǰߣҪԶ統У˵·û
߾Žף򲻳ȥжܹߵģϹŴ񣬸붼Ҫ롣
ңҽȵҴǳȥǲŵĻվһȥɡ𵭵˵վž˵ʴȣļЩ˶䡣
Ļɫԥȴд󲿷ˣվ˳ȥЩΪܵͣǺ֮ϵǿߣҲһ𣬵ʱֻҪɵӶ֪ǵʵ޷ȥΣ𣬻кܴĻᡣ
𲻻⣬ҲֻԹԼˡ
ʮѡ񡣡ĿͶһЩˣϵǣһЩߣվ˳ʾԸӡ
ڳ˶ɵӣ֪ĴԵԼûйϵǲԼĻȻߣҲҪġ
ǵõ˻Ե϶Źǡ
á𵭵һЦֱӽЩ˸
ҰħڣսԼĿռ䣬Яſռ䣬ҪЩװ棬һǳ׵顣
ֻйŷ磬棬ЩɻĶ𣬲֪ʲô˼֮ǰʱ˵ҪõǸԵڣȴóȥˣǴʲô⣿
ǰ㲻ҪǸΪϹŴˣŷʵɫдһ㲻⡣
ҡͷ˵ôܣҵȻҪ
ǰûиȥȻǰΪ޵УǶԷõ˻Ե˵Ҫǵжȡûô򵥵ġŷüͷ
ѾȥˡЦķǳء
ŷЩɻ󣬲۾𾪵˵Ǹߣǰ
Ŀһ۹ŷ磬Ц˵һ壬ѵı£Ҵѧ˹
ӵһ塣ŷĿɿڴû뵽ﾹȻλˣ˵лǻ۵ļһ̵ʼ棬ȻͶԷѡ
óӵΪ벻͡
Ǹһ̫ˣѾΪϹŴˡͻһϢǳľˣ˵еӣȻϹŴ񣬹ֲͷֻڵӣʲôطء
ŷʳ⣬ͻȻ۾һŹŷǰ˹ȥ


742 
ڴǿս˶ǵˣ໥֣ҲʱҪֹ˵Ĺ
ƽʨӲ֪ģǹͬԦһͼֹȥ
ͼɣһ⣬Զ߾Žǿߵϻ߲ҽһܲһⶴȻըܵ˼ΪصĴˡ
ȴӲصкŭȴûа취Ϊ˶Ѿоˣв˾
ϻҲ֣Ҳ⣬ԼĹżֵĹɫѿѾը˺üΡ
磬ûȥ
ƴˣս˿һ˵סߵĹչ˼Ϊֲս
Ӧһе𶼶ݣףһֱڲ׾Էʵʵȫ
˭ҵõΪϹŴܣ˭Ҫһ̣ħˣ޵еģɨˡ
ķĶ֣ɳȥһɢˡ
ͼ˹Ҫѹ档
ʱһӵĳ֣ɣɱ
һϹŴһֱ˱ɫ˭Ҳû뵽ȻӵĴɱ
˵ķӦǳ죬תߣĻᡣ
ߣߵĿ졣ߣĶ񽣣ΪΪ񽣣ûΪ
Ȼ֪ĲԶ͸Ц˵ϢסȻȸں
Ƕ˽һתƣһŻǰ
ǰһƽţ˸ȴûʲôĲȴ˿Ҵ⣬ﲻǱĵطã˭Ҳ֪ͨĶʲôµ
ҪԿˡͻȻŷ紫
ŷһ㶣ڴʱƽȥһҽдһ첲ֱʧʮһĶŻƽǡ
Ԫôһһյɫ
ʲôԪ𣿡ŷѯʡ
ǺֲܿȻĻ¶ɫġ
ŷ⣬ɫŹ֣ΪŷͣԪһĽʲôͶûУȴ߾ǿãֻҪﵽ߾磬һӴԪ𣬱ᱻһ塣
˻һŷ۾ϾȻֶֻ߾ãֲһ˶ı顣
ղٽһ㣬㲻ֵزһֱ۶ˡ
Ѫ𶯣޸ֱֻۣȻֱתߡ
Ҫȥһš
뿪ŷֳΣǶһۣԿԷеϲɫһᡣ
ȥšŷ˵ߣȻõģֱӿš
ͷɫ΢΢ЩֵôȻǳΪϹŴȴһֱԸ
ŷ׵ı㽫ƿˣûзκ쳣˽ȥٴνŹϡ
û֮µˣ˽ȥֻҪǽ֮⼸ˣͱ뽫Ŵ򿪡
ǰһ̨ף΢һ˵ϡ
̨׵ĶˣһӤ״ӣʱɢ˵㡣
Ǳ˲ιŷһȣֻҪõ˲ιܹ˲ιӴߵľ硣
ǧŰپʮŸ̨ףϲȥ
ͻȻЦ˵һȻ
ŷһ㶣ôܣЩ̨׵ѹȻܴ󣬵Ҫȥ˵׾ٵġ
һ̨׵ѹһһҪپǧŰپʮŸ̨ףϹŴ͵
ŷɴ۾ʶľҪȥһ¡
һѽŷסԴðûĵ˹ŷһۣʲô
ȥ԰ŷȻ˵
ҪԣԼܹϼ̨ס
ЦãֱӸŷһȻŷİۣɫص˵̨ףųףôܹȥģһ̤ȥ߲ͷͻ֪Ľʲô𣿡
⣬ŷͷƤ飬Ҳʶ˲ԣĺǳء
ҪϹŴȫһ˻һŷһ£Щ̨׵񣬾ڿʲô˵Ĺһ

ͷ
ŷֱվһߣ̨ԶԶģɲֶʵֲ̫ˡ
䡣
˳üʱһֲĲǿֱӴ˽嶼һ֣Ǵʱȴæ޸ڼҵĽ档
ÿ˶óԼѹ׵ľȻӵϹŴ޷ѹǡ


743 
ҽ죬ɨˡһ̣˶ǿֶΡ
ϻгһͷͨƽɫɻƽɵһעȥͷУ³ѹȥ
ԶʱڵһϹŴµͷǣϻãΪ˷һϹŴ֮¡
ƽʨӣͬԦͼϯγһ磬Ҫ˶СȻϹŴ磬ֻܶܡ
һڣɢ˵Ĺâһִϣסˣľ
纣ͨ޵Уᴩ磬ŽδⳡսУΨһһûģͬǿơ
ǷƴƵãѾٵˡ
ȻˣҲſµѹ
ǳŷ֮󣬶ʱ˶һ˲ֹͣµĿĶ
㲻ں𣿡ЩʵǸԵõˡ
ɨһۣЦ˵ܹܵ𣿡
ȻϹŴ֣ȻǿƣʣԵ÷ǳ
㣡֣ͻȻֹͣϵĶ˺λѣǴȴһˣ˵еĻԵһ˵õˣҿǻɱȻƽֻԵ
ɱԵǴҵġϻҲڣ䣬ɭȻɱ
ԥһ£վ˳һ
ֻлƽʨӺδûм𣬵ȴ֪֮УΨһԼûгԹġ
Ǻ֮гޣԸͲܺһ
ڹȴҲ֮뷨
ƾСҲɱңɫƽˣһЦţָĸλѡ
˳ûжԶĿⶢϣ˵
ŷһЦ˳ɫŹ֣һװĿ񰡡
ۡ
ʱ˭Ҳû뵽鷢ˣǸ֣ˡ𣬳ɨҪնɱ
ʱҲˣһֶֻ£˹ȥ
Ȼûи׷ʲô飬֪ԼΣˡҵгգն˹
Ѫܹ֮סϹŴ
һĨѪɫи֣ħһ֪áħȱסϹŴһֻֽУһУ˲佫顣
Ԫ񲻸ʵĳҪӳͱͬʱ֣αܹӵõУûߵĻᡣ
ܵ٣ڻˣҪһԵΪϹŴģġ
̲ס㲻ɱңƼߣҪɱңʼ治Źġ
һŹ𣿡еѪڳ˳ѪϢ˶ɴ۾
ߵɴ۾֪ԼˣѪһͷںʼݡ
ɱ
ŭһ뱾ͬʱ˼ڣû
һ߾Ž׵ǿ߱ɱųϹŴ֮µһˣڻʲ֣Ȼסʲһɼʵ
һˣãЩӦ
ʹߣЩɣԼǲΣĻλԼǰ
嵱еʱ˶ˣΪΪϹŴͨߵȻߣҲδܹѧûᡣ
һ壬ȻΪӵ߾ѧŷޡ
һ壬ʵȴδб仯һͱͬǿԼǼֲġ
ϧʵĻˣʱһϣȻϹŴҲܿһ󡣡Щϧ˵
ʲҪߵľ磬ûϹŴľ磬޷ȫʩչġ
˵ɴ۾ߣڳ˶û˵һ壬ȴܹܵǿ
𡣡ִߵĿ³·Ŷ
𣬴һּ£һϹŴеٮٮߣг𣬱ĺ塣
ȻֵʱȽ϶̣лԻ͵սɨϹŴ񣬴һ޵Ժŵû˸κ顣
һֲĴڣȴû뵽Ȼйϵ


744 ϻ
ھ˭Ҳû˵һйϵˣһ£ǾѪǴȥĻϽ綼᲻ϹŴҪסˡ
ͻȻ߻һ뵽һܡ
һۣЩ⣬û뵽һô
µĲȷʵԾݣҺѡ𵭵˵˻һߵɫȴ͵ذˡ
һ˳֪Ϣ粻֪ء
ѪУ·ǳ͵ΪֹһϹŴɵǣǷչ
һ־ѪֻҪпܴﵽ߾磬϶ᱻ˰н
ЩԾе֪˳ɾ֮λˣ֪ǻʲôӵ飬²˻ϻ̳Ͽְɡ
Ҳ֪ʲôû˵ҡͷɫס
֪Լ˵֪ĻҪնԼǸղŵһС
һˡ𵭵˵ȻĿתϻߣһ⡣
Сɱңϻȵܵɱд󾪡
ʶһ壬֪Լ벻֣ԷҪɱԼӵãҵؼǸͳȥ
öϻ͵Ϯʼ棬ҲսܣȻȻҪЦϻǷɱɡ
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λѣɷһ֣նɱⲡƽʨͻȻڣг˷ŭ
ǲǣǶϻ֣߳ǵѻͰ׻Ҳжڶϻߣ޵˼㡣
ҪɱңûôףҵĶϻҪʩչϹŴ񣬷˭Ҳ㲻ϻȵһϢǴʱȴˣ¹ԼȻܵȻˡ
Ц̤ǰһȻֱӳ֡
ϻߵˣȴͼ赲һ㱻ѹŭ𣬶żˣǱҵġ
˫ֽӡܸգöϻĿֱָ
Ȼƽʨͼ̺ϹŴϣǶϻȴܵĸовʵ
ꡣ
ϻɹͷϳһµƣ̺Ѫ˳Ե쳣¡
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ܣôûϻɫήңһĵʮأѾһ͵㡣
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䡣
ϻը飬Ԫ񲻸ҵ˻ʧ
˲֪µĶϻҲˣһĻߴһ£־ĶһܻȥһԸټˡ
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ΪֻҪҵΪϹŴĻԵܹȥڿȴģǱУͳȥ
ѵҪΪϹŴĻԵƽʨЩ⡣
õ֪ûǸ֣ҲµòĻ׾ͷӦԪĳʬأ벻ų޵еԪҲˡͻȻ³һڳ˶һ
ƽʨӺɫ𺳣û뵽ȻѾ֪Ԫȥˡ
ܣԪ޵Уôأ߲ţԪһϹŴУҲԳĴڣƹŽ޵֣һǿƣˣλ䣬ʲôɱģ
ûвˣʼǣεȾžޣղǾսֻҪ㹻Ҳġ
Уһս֮ʬ̨׾ͷѹһСƽʨӿڣӹ˻ͷ
ԪȻˣŴͣе㲻ţ֪һʵ
ΪԪˣƽʨǣԲԵ޹ʵԪġ
˵ԪǸͬһǼȱ̬Ӳ丸׵ġ
ʲôˣüսˣԷҲ̫˰ɡ
֪
ƽʨǸĴ𰸷ǳɴ࣬Ҳʵ飬ȷʵ֪ϾʱǵΪǳڣԪҪܵشĵˣҲûԵʸ
һУܶȥĻǵǿԽͳȥƽʨ˵ȲҪ˸ͳȥ
ĸоǳΣգƽʨӸоʹԼͼҲĶ֡
һӶҪߵ˼͡


745 뿪Ԫ
ŷ⶯壬ȴ˿δ˻ƽʨӺһۣȻҡͷ˵ǲܰԪһˣûնȥˣеԲԼ
ŷĿɿڴǳĴ١
ƽʨӺ䶼û뵽һ֮ɫ¶һĨŭҪڴʱħ֣ɢϢǲ
ʵԶʱ֮ڣҿħһӡӳħȫܡ
ȻƽʨӺͼ֣ҲĶ֡
ʶһ㣬˿Цһ֪ǲóһ㶫Ҫ뿪ǲܵģֻܱ߿еĶ٣Ǿ屦ܽ򷢵ˡ
һߵЩȣҲҪһѣıֱ֮Ӵ㡣
пЦԼӦô̰ˣ춪ˣЩôֱ̫֪νˡ
һ͸λߴˡ߿ڣͳһ
ǳͨһ֣ռ¶ȣ·ﵽ㣬ùŷ綼̲סһ¡
ŷ¶𾪵ɫҪ֪رԴЩȵʽ˺оˣʵ̫ˡ
ڤѵõˣȻϹŴĲϣҲڤ൱𿪿ڣڤ
ѵõĲϣϹŴǲеļƷ˵źܴá
ִڣҪΪϹŴ񣬵ʱȻҪһɵģҪڿʼѰˡ
ڤǲеļƷԵõҲǲˡ
ѿȥ𣿡ƽʨɫЩƣԸң䰵дѾˣȻѹסԼŭ𣬵ǻơ
ҡͷһ۹ŷ磬Ц˵ǻûиء˻һƽʨӺǿ˹ŷһۣЦֻһѣƾʲôǸ
ǿϹŷ磬ùŷüͷ壬˵ºһһֻɱǡ
˻һƽʨ̲סЦдŭɫҪֽѵŷ硣
顣
ûг֣ȴˣֱһƽƽʨӳɳȥŻƽʨӺˣЦǵҲ۸
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߶һۣԿԷеΣ±ǿȻǲȴҲٷˡ
ƽʨЦһӳһƽӣ˵ʨԪǸҳԣ߰ɡ
ʨԪһƽʨһȵһɢϢһ߽һ㡣
쵽˼㣬̺ܹһ߽ˡ
ŷ¶ȵ⣬ֶ˵źܴá
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ʨԪȻ죬Ƕ˵ûһˣ˲ιҲûһõģΪﵽڵľ磬Ѿĵرܹˡ
лǰŷ֣¶ɫܵʨԪӴһ֮ӴĽףΪ׵Ĵڡ
Ȼֻһףǹŷʵȴᷢǿĸı䡣
ڿȥ˰ɣ˵
ˣǶˣһøжûУǵԼͲĶ֣ǾԻ֣ɱˣʡ
޾Уǳ£ԪУʲôʱ˱ҪίȫԼı׸ˣѾ֪꣬ûйľˡ
ͷЩƣΪΪԼҪһءоԼ̫ˣϾ֮䣬ûʲôϵ˵׻ǵжء
ƽʨӣͼչһŻͨͨԪУֻһ·ͨ硣֮ϣʵ̫ιˣȻ߾Žף޷ơ
ϹŴ֣пܣϡ
΢΢۲һᣬŵ˵ͷһסŷ磬̤ȥ߽
ǰһڣ³У¼ű棬ʱߺ͹ŷ翴ôů̲ס쳤ХһʵѹƲסԼļ
ȥ߾Ž׵ǿߣĶˣֻţ߸оԼֱ̫ˡ


746 ɫС
һۣͻȻ¶һЦˡһѳ˹ȥŷ߶һѽǱģеǰϹŴ
ӹȥ֮Źŷתܡ
ʱ򣬱ӽߣͻȻɫ䣬뵽һֿܡ
ɱСӡһӽд˳һΣȻʣȴǺӣأһָֻͷ˹ѹļ
¶ֵɫһ̣޵˼㣬Է֪һУˣӦһУʱ˭Ӵѽ˭ɱˣƺӶϴˡ
һ߽ڸ˳סԷһȻתߣ岻ͣشԽһһ磬ҪӹԷĻɱ
Ը챣㡣ٴγ֣ŷһĿɿڴı飬Ȼû뵽ٴθգߣĺڹ
֪ǰѽҪѣԱ㽫͸ˡЦ˵ЩϼһһһƵޡ
ߣӦ޵ĳ嶯ŷа뵽
Լŵ񶼷˳ֻصϤǿյʱ¶ظɫϹһмӡ
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µ񣬲ѾعζˣЩ߾Ž׵ĴڣԸԼЩһж²ҪշԼͼ
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ҰħҲȺУУȴץһˣ˲Ǳˣ̫־ֻû뵽ȻҰħˣһץסˡ
ǸСħͷԼȥɣҹŷ̸¡סŷ뿪ʧ˵ǰ
ȵŷ緢ֵʱѾһϤǿգﲻǱĵطǵһ۹أŷ쳣ƣԼʲô
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ԼѣŷЩ㶣ıΣڴϣ˵̸ɫˡ
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Ǹһ׵ļһɫս׵˳˹ŷ֣Ҫɱ
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Ϊ׵һˣϷ磬ͬһɫսףĿһ߽
춼ŽףǿޱȣʱΪ˵Ⱥŷĵýɱ
ŷСȥʱ˵ڹŷǰ棬ЩˣסŷһУڵһʱ䱻ɱȻͽ׵ĸ֣Ҳǹŷһ֮ء
ǿ󣬼ǿ󣬰춼ڣŷĶۣǣⲢЭɡ
ס֡
춼ȵֻǹŷ˿ûĻ˼ɱˣ춼ɫ࣬ߵСɫߣеĽݻ٣Ȼǵ
磬ڼˡС˵
ŷ磬һȺ쵰ʵ̫۸ˣȫŪɫҲŭˣɱ졣
ڵΪɾ磬ǷǳǿˣЩȣȴûпɱԣȫǶ֡
á
ŷӦк˸һǶŭѾˣԼļʱĻСɫҪˡ
ǹŷ磿춼ɫƽŷȻǻûг춼ԼԶ˹ŷˡ
λսϣɢϹ⣬һħԵϢ
ⶼҪŷһЦ
춼ɫͬζ˵ʲôȽҪ
˲ҪģҪʬΡŷҧгݡ
ƾ㣿Ľף춼ɫ΢΢Щùŷе㲻ˡ
ŷδ䣬Цԡ


747 սʮһ
ŷһ֣ɫСԼĽӿռУں޹˼ɣԺͶԷһսˡ
һŽ񣬹ŷһȣֲ
ŷ罫Ҫɱ˸ߣЩ˴ŭһȺȺзգҪŷɱ
ŷδȺΪ͵Ķڴ񾳽磬Ǻ
֮зѣЩ˱ɫѪ˳ȥһµľȻҲδܹµĳ
춼˶ɫ䡣Ȼǿߣŷµı֣ҲоëȻһֻĸо
ǾãȻԼԹŷ磬Ҳ벻ʲô³Ķ֡
ǿϲŰɱδɳ콾һ춼ЦԼˣδĿ⾼ĶڹŷϣȤ
ŷû˵жԼķӦ
һֻѹȥ֮˸ȼգһµ˼㡣
춼ȣ񷣬סֻ֣Ȼŷڵĵطû
ŲĹâŷֱӳ˳Ȼ춼ڵķ˹ȥȻսŷԼս޵УȻ춼ҲܵסԼ
ŷ춼˷ЦһŷײһƵѪǵӲȻ൱
ϼȻ˫Ҳѹҡ춼Цͬĸ֣Ѿϼҵ巨е˴ɡ
棬žԵţԲŸҺ͹ŷս
𣿡ŷЦ
ٴγ˳ȥһȭ춼񵲣һ춼ɳȥһִֻߣȫǲŵı顣
ղһײУֱ۱ϣ͵סŷĹɱ
һȭֻһ첲ģ֮£ǵһŷЦƴԷֱ
һּ£ϹŴ֣ſϽѹƣ߶СȻߵΪֻҪһУŷ϶ͲǶ֡
Сˣûôˣһ֣ɱ춼ʮΧס˹ŷ磬춼һ׵׵ʿ
ʮ֣ȻŽףδܹѣΪԷһŽ׵Ķ֡
ŷȴƽû·ҪȺ쵰ɱʱߵЩ˵ע⣬ǲҪԼѵ⡣
ԣһվŷҪʤ
ϼǿߣҲ
սǳϣʮΧһĽ׵Ǵûйģϼҵ޳ܣȴҳͷ
ǵһ۹أȻǿߣҲֻǸոճΪĴڣĶ֡ǾҪæûа취
ǰһУ̾Ϣϼҵ̫ǿˣѱԸûа취ŷ磬ֻףԸŷܹӮһս
ʮһ棬ŷѹȥ
£ŷȻӲƴݺʱתΣĹͬʱŷչķ嵽һһ׵ǿߣֱӽԷ˺ˡ
ѪȾ˳գ˺Ȼŷı֣ʵ̫ˣȻʮһǿߣҲһܹʤŷ硣
ŷҲͬ˴ۣһڹŷĺϴһ£Ѫˡ
ӽ֣Ҫκλᣬɱ춼ŭ𣬴ͷɱȥ
ŷһħգ춼䡣âãã棬ǱâУֱӱˡ
춼ܣӲһ
䡣
һ绮Ʋ񷣬˺潵٣һ׵ǿ߸Ļڣһˡ
⻹ǹŷΪ֮󣬵һʹȴû뵽Ȼ˿ֲһһɵһ
ôֻ࣬أԼұߵǸˣöԷԡѪһ㱻塣
Ȼһ˷ɳ罣ԷΡ
ֶξסʮһˣȻԷɱ·磬ùսǣһ̲סһ⵽״ĽףĽףȻǿزʵ̫ˡ
𡣡
ŷ糤Хͬ棬ǰǸ飬Ԫֱɢˡ
ʨӺһɱһ׵ĸ֣ˡ
սڣ䣬ǹŷ磬춼һߵˣǾŭӣŷгŭ
춼ɵɫȫʧˣ֪ԼС˹ŷ硣
ɱ
ˣֻг׻ɱŷ磬ǲл·ߣ춼ûϾŷ죬ֻһĽ׵ĴڣԼʮһΧɱŷһˣԷɱܣǿҲûˡ


748 ȫɱ
ս𾪵һ۹ءиոսߣ֪ŷݵʱ򣬶һ˲Ļ㱡
պܷӵܣ
Ľףȴʮһλ񣬹ŷս죬ѪˣڷӿṩԴԴϵ֧ս
һ𣬱˺棬ŷ綯øֶΣ˺ѡ
սҲԡѪϾԷʮһλ񣬺սһˣǱˣѾˡ
ɱ
һˣֹâ˸ֶΣѹһС
ۡ
Ǹը飬Ԫ¶ɫҪߣȴŷֱ
һ䣬ŷҲصĴۣ屻УķѣԪһ㱻һн˹ȥ
ħգ棬帴ԭѪȼգս
ŷüڷ⣬罣ٴγͣһնϣȻֻ𶯣ԷԪ˽
˵磬ᴩɱŵɱ⣬ҪһС
ʩչŷȻˣҲûȫסɳȥԡѪ
ֻ𶯣ǸǿߵĲҽУԪ飬ŷɱ
˲˶оëȻֱѾˡ
ʣ˸ŷԡѪսȴʮ伺Ȼſ³һǺӣ춼ûȥ
춼һֻ֣ƣһſǳγɣΧתȻݺݵײȥ
Ǻ飬ǿޱȣѹ
һ綼·ֻдֵĴڡ
̫ͼҶء̫ͼ֣ͨԴһʵ磬ײһ
һֲĲŷɳȥͬʱʣµ߸񣬺ԥ֣ᣬҪɱŷ硣
ǶüֶΣһУǳȻ޹⣬ֻߵ𣬳ΪеΨһ
ŷһֱӶ˽ֶΣһ˲սȻֻء
𶯣ߵȫɢ磬ѹǿߣڿֲ£ҽ
ǼµһĻʮһǿߣڱɱֻʣˡ
춼ŭһͭɴСѹ̺ͭ޾ܣ߼ǿ󲻿ɵС
ѣŷٴζýֶΣֻһˡ

ͭɣû˺ŷ磬ֿµơ
춼𾪣ŷ羹ȻսжôĿֲ
һ̣㿴˹ŷʵԷɫ԰ף˿ȻǶ˽ֶΣľһ
춼ϲ֪ɱŷʱˡ
ڴʱŷгʨԪȻԥ˿С
ŷһڽʨԪ̽棬Ӵըһ˲ָ˾ߵľ磬еͣıȻⲢʨԪ
ƽʱŷܹЩΪȴеϧˣֻܵһֲҩ
ֱʣµǸ֣ʩչֶΣսԷɱȻĿⶢ춼
춼ɫܵŷڵĲͣг
ֱͭѹ춼ҲͭѾܴˣʱʲôﶼǼٵģֻбסʵڵĶ

һ죬ŷٴζýֶΣԼսʨԪʹýֶΣݽߣķѵ˲ͱˡ
֣ιͭ飬춼תߣʱѾףٲߵĻһŷɱ
Ҫʱ춼ŷ֣ԼȱҲǿȥҲǻẦġ
շ
ŷ絭ĺȵһɫķ֣춼Уγ򲻳ȥ
ߵֶΣŷ緢չڣȫͨˣĲˡ
һ⣬ֱӴ춼д˹ȥ춼ĶסˣŵĶŹŷ磬üϳһµƣ˺Ȼը顣
Ž׵ǿߣŷɱˡ
ŷȴףԼʵʵɱŽ׵ǿߣʨԪˣ²춼ˡ
һŷʨԪʣµǺܶ࣬׾ˡ
Ȼŷ罫ɫС˷˳кܶ⣬Ҫȥѯˡ
˳ʱ򣬿Χľ󣬶ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬¶ĵɫǿǵһ۹صĸ棬ŷ绹ûӵ
ǿɲΪŷʮһǿߵΧ룬Ǽܵ顣
ʲôأŷһŵı飬ﻹʲôֱһ˵Դһѹ


749 һ۹ص
ѹԼԴɫŵ˵Ǽ쵰أ
˵ȥˣŷЩһѵῴΧĻ
ɫɴ۾ֱЩţȻ׹ŷ˼ʮһ񶼻ɱˡ
СҲǵɴ۾Уŷ޵Уսʤһж֣սʵ̫λˡ
һսʤʮһ񣬻Էȫɱˡ
ȻСɫΪֻɾ磬Ҳܹǿơ
ҪŸ磬ʮһʮһҶɱˡŷ粻м˵ֻôжһ顣
ղʨԪ治֪˻˭ء
ħĵ飬ڹŷдЦһӶùŷɫ΢΢Щ졣
ղһսˣħˡ
ȥһ۹أǸ˵䡣ŷЦ˵
һ۹أ˳ӭӣԵЦݣ̬
ʱŷȫͬˣһλɱʮһλսˣ³˴˵е֮⣬ûܹɱŷ硣
ԵԼӦеĹͬʱԼûгֱסɫǵԭΪϼƴһ񣬸ûпԷ
ŷȻףǽˣȻѯһЩЩ˵Ϣ
Ե֪Щеˣ󲿷ֶϼҵ˴ˣһС˲֪٣ŷвʱ˸ź⣬ɢһɱɱ˷ŭ
ϼҵʵ̫ˣеģЩһˣŷ罫һҪɱ䣬ϼҵȫնɱ
Ǹô죿ɫʵ
ϴһĨǣ֪Щѵ벻ãܻ⵽Ⱥ
ŷо˸Ĭ˰Σſڵڵһ۹أϢɢȥץѵˡ
˻һڳļ˶ԾСɫ䣺磬Щ˵Ϊ̫ˣ㲻£һأ
ɫҲһɫ˵ǡ
õģа취ŷ˵
ŷڵһ۹صϢ˳ȥͬʱˣץסѵˣҪ˻ȻĻѪϴЩֵˡ
˻һ𶯣˭Ҳ벻ŷǿơ
һȻлɱʮһսǺȣȴ㲻ʲôǵȼĴڣֱɱ
Լĵͼ棬Ҳǣߣ죬һŽ׵ǿߣʱץһˣһ۹ظ
֣߳ɱŷ硣ϼУ
ϼ߳߸дһЩˣˡ
Ҳ߸еŷеħһЩҪ֣Ҫ֪ŷܹϼҡ
ϾϼȻûϹŴ򣬵Ͼһ壬߾ǿҲǹŷܹġ
һ۹طۣʱĹŷȴӰ֪ȥǸط
ϼǿɱϰˣ֪ŷʧ֮ŭ죬ɱԼˣˡ
ϼҵǰŷ뿪֮ǰԣǰʱûеȵפգ֮ڣؽԵսսǲòǰŷµĻϼҵǿǡ
Щ˵һĿ⣬Ե£ǰȺйߡ
ȻˣҾ͵գʲô֡ϼЦβ֪ŷͼȴ塣
ΪߣѹһС
ԵһȻ˿ɫ΢΢Щӡžû˵շǳɱ˶ڵȴŷع顣
֮һХϼҵмǿըһ㱻ɱ
ŷ˻̤âɣѪ죬ǰȺˡ
ϼңǲԼ̫޳ɱʲǰЩйߣǻ˵Լǿļ壬ҵѽиҡŷĶϼҵһˣɫ䡣
ٴνĿɨһЩˣǵжˣֻϵϢϼңӦһЩˡ
𣿽е˷ſŷȣɱʮ㡣
һˣϰٸǿߣȴȻ壬һ޿ֵӡ
㡣ϵǣϼҵǿߣԼץˣӸ˹ŷ硣
Щ˶һֱӽе˶Ӹ˹ŷ硣
ŷһ㶣ʲô˼ˣԷԼϵˣӳȥԲŻôʹ졣
һһȺǿߵİΧ£ȻӲȥġ
ŷ¶һĨЦɨһЩˣף˵ͷԼĿռУһЩˡ


750 ٻ˸
Ȼǽ˻ˣҲ鷳ˣ߰ɡŷ֣һƵӣһڵ뿪
˶ǿЦãһӲ˰ɣΪΪԲŽ˻
С󡣡ϼҵһЦŷг˱ġ
һ̣һĨֱӽɱˣһ׵ǿߣһ㷴ӦûУʧ䡣
Ҵûнò𣿡ŷһЦԵЩɭȻ
ϼҵɫһ䣬ղŹŷ̫ˣȻûзӦŷɱԼһӵܡ
ֻϼҵˣ֪һεˡ
Сϼ߿ڣһֻǰȥѹסǺӣ޴ޱߣҪŷɱ
ٻ֮һ£ŷͻȻĴ󺰵˸
˵ӵһأղǶΪŷҪʲôأû뵽ȴȵġŷ˸ʲôˣǲ֪ʱվߡ
䡣
һɿֲϢָǰһӰֻһ֣ϼߵָըˣɫ䣬˺üһδӡ
˻ȻҪ֪ϼߣһ׵Ĵڣв˵޵УҲˣȴ˾ˣ˿Ϊֻ֮ϡ
˿˵òʱ򣬲˳ǶʶˣȻػս˯
ô㣿ǸϼҲǲš
˯˲ΪҵĴڣϼβʮ۷ս𣬶ǿԲɱϹŴĴڣǿޱȣ˯սǿһȻһϹŴϣҪ˱ܣ׿ս
Ȼ˵޾֮ǰ˯սܵ˿ֲĴˣһΪѾǸ磬Ҳһˡ
Ϊʲôң˯˵ϼ߷С
ȻΪ۷սˣҲһܹȵģУʲô㲻ϡ
͹ŷûйϵαػҪ֪ҪɱˣֹһϼʰͻȻǿӲղ˴Ҫģ˯ٳ֣ЩҲ
ɵҶ˵ˣҴ˸ˣ㾹Ȼ˵֮ûйϵҪܴӮ㣬ȳ㼸ӡŷƲƲ죬һĵĶϼߣһߡ
˯ֻһãϹŴ˵е󽫣ôӡϼЦ
˵Ĳҵӣôˣ㲻ŷ絭˵ڳˣӶһ˳
Ϲ󽫣ͬ۷սȻ˯ʮ۷ս𣬵ҲСȻ¼޸˹ŷ磬ʵе㲻˼顣
һɺԡϼߺǳ⡣
Ҵ˸֤˵𣿡ŷɫ֪Էʲô˼Լ島ϹϵˣǲԼ֡
ˣ˯ֵĻǻ÷ŷĻΪʵں˵ֻҪ˼ɵ
˯֣Ըŷ֤ȻǣҲ˵ʲô
󽫵ɷΣϹһս󽫾ǻҲ˰ɣͲüɵѾµʥŮλʥŮҲ벻Ը⿴ʥŮع顣Ⱥ߳һߣɭɭģɢ˵ĺ⣬һ˫ӾȻǻҰɫģڹŷϣ̰
Ͻʬ˯Щȡ
ŷҲ³Էһͷ޵гɵĽʬԲ콩ʬ
һλ콩ʬǰжɲԶˡŷЩ˵
ʬ߻һ¶ŵɫ콩ʬֻڴ˵гֹڽʬһ˵ǾĻߣ˭Ҳ˿ð
ܣ콩ʬޱȣôܻעϣ㲻콩ʬѹҡʬЦͲš
ŷ粻мһЦûöԷţֻһ˵ˡ
ó˶ɣһսǣԺҲû˸÷鷳ˡ˯ĵ˵һǷԵüΪ⡣
ϼǣȴûһģǰ۷սȻֻһ׵ʵȻܣΪȥڵս
콩ʬΪףʱҲЩԥҶ֣ϼ߸˵ˣ˽۷սĻԻͣȻ۷壬ҲͬСǸ߽߲ɵС
൹۷սսһͷҷߣһԻɫᣬչ֮գС
һɲǿߣΪߵף߰˽ףǿ󲻿ɵС
ӥ㾹Ȼû˯Щ⣬Ȼʶߡ


751 ǿԮ
ӥޱ飬˵δôǧڵȵᡣ
ܵܣҲǹģ˭Ǽһ鷳أ˵һǲе̫ȡˡ˯Ƶ˵
˻һ˶Щۣһ˼ҵĵܵܣ˵ᣬ˵ȡ֣ʵ̫޳ˡ
Ȼŷ綼Щʰ·磬ʱԼƤ͹ˣȴû뵽»һƤļһء
ǿǿ֣һɽһɽ߰и̾
ӥһϢӱ䣬к˸˯ǻûг֡
ҵĶ֡˯Ц˵Ȼһףս죬Ϊ۷սĽֶΣȻǿ󣬵Ķ֡
ټһأ
һӢΰ߳ڷŨܣѪһ˫У˵ϣҪˡ
˾ϳӵݡ
һ壬СǴ˵ΪʳȻȻҲɱ壬ܶǿߣʳΪҫġ
Ȼ裬ͣķһʧء
޵Уôһֱ
Ĵǿ֣߳Ȼ˯ɫˡ
ŷҲվһߣܵյأ֪鲻򵥣ȴû뵽Ȼôǿ߳
ְɡ˯Ц˵
Ϊ۷սȻǸ磬ҲǲģȻԼĽ
Ĵǿ߶һۣڶˣǳдս
ֳֻʣ¹ŷһˣùŷᣬԼ޵ĳ嶯겻Ҫ
ŷֻʣһˣҿ㻹ӳȥһϼЦżеϰٸǿŷΧ£
һЩҲˣ㹻ǧˣΧ˹Ȼŷ絨죬ʱҲЩˣôǿߣһһĭ
ħҲɱ㡣һŽ׵ǿ߿ڣȴܶ˵ŭĿӡ
Χ£ˣ󲿷ֶħȤϾϹŴҺųƵһǵõ֮ͬ޵Ȼ˵
ħУôˣҸĸ˭أȴһ˭Ӯˣұ㽫ħ˭ŷЦ˵
ЩЦĵɵء
ŷ磬㲻Ҫˣɣɱŷ磬ħ⣬顣
˶ͬˣŷһƣʱһ飬תҪܡ
ǣҪæ𣿡һŷϤùŷһ¶ϲɫ֣һӣӢһ
ǧǿߣֻǵһӣЩ˱ɳȥϼҵһЩ˸ը飬
ղˡŷ糤سһȻЩĴˣͬӢ䲻ͰͷһϢɲ⣬Ȼ߰˽׵ĻӥҲȥ
λǣŷѯʡ
˵һҵֵܣǰһǸЦſڣдһĨ٩
ŷһʱ˵ݣǰĸס
ԷǼ飬죬ȻЦ˵λ磬һʣݳΪֵܣ㿴Σ

û˵ȴһ˳ȥŷ׶㿪ˡ
쵰Һ븸㣬ȴռҵıˣŲھߡû˵
ŷٺһЦȻɫ׹֣ŷ磬ǰ
ҽаҹȻСѣͺҰɡĸЦ˵Ե÷ǳͰ
ϰһˣҪǲֵĻǺôռˡһЩ٩˹߳һĴ󺺣ϰɢһֱ뺷֮
ߣŻƽۣŷ磬һЦ
ǻƽ۵ĸףɡۻʣ£̺޾Ͷ֮䣬档
塣ŷ繰֣Եúǹɡ
һˣһʿȴܹۻƽƽڤĸס
ôֵĵطôٵҡȸһǿҲˣԼ׿ȸʮֹɡ
һĸ߰˽׵Ĵڣ˶оëȻ
дսҲֹͣˣ˯һ˻˵ʱӶɳˡ
û뵽Լ÷򣬾Ȼôԡȸ峤ˣԼ÷
˯Ȼ˯۷壬ǿȸǶֱܹӹ֣˯Ϊǰ
˯ͷ¶һĨЦݣսˣ¶һĨЦ


752 
ղŴĲˬڼ˯Ц˵Χ˰޳ܣߵҪսˣⲻ۸
ӥɫû˵սһ㶼ûС
һ˯ǵʵҲֻǿսƽĸ߰˽׵Ĵڣǳ֣Իɱȫûһܹӳȥ
Ҳǵʵҹڣ˳࣬޾ѹ֮
ϼңǿΪóѹСҪҵĶӣΪҲԣϼҵǲǸʸ񡣡ȸڣг˻ҩζ
Ǹϼҵ߻һû뵽ȸȻϼҶġ
֮ǰϹŴȻ壬ǴʱϼеϹŴ񱻻ʲɱˣǸûа취סλߡ
ҺͿȸһ˼Ҳ΢Цһ˫ǰļϣɱ
ۻվ˳һЦȻû˵˼ԡ
ϼɫ䣬֪Լӵ飬Ⲣż˵ĻϾԼеĵʲôУ˭ó顣
ӥǳ鴤һ£ĮȻ˵Ǻϼ֮飬޹أټ
˵֮Ȼһߡ
˵Ҳתߡ
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Ĵߣÿһ˵Ϊ֮ϣĻᶼûС
λǰһᡣϼС˵ͬʱۿ˵ϡ
ž
һƳϼߵϣȸЦ˵ʵҲһᡣ
ϼ߲һιȥû뵽ԷھͳԼһơƤ鴤˼Ҫˡ
ĵĿϼ߳װбĸ߰˽׵ĴڣǶ֡
÷ͽˣҪܵʲô˺ˡ˯ͻȻڣ¶һĨɫҹǷԸ
˯ǰİɡҹǱ֤
ģҵ񾳽֮󣬱ܹƺϵˡŷ˵飬֪һǿԮǶôҪ
˯ָ۷սΪȻϹŴҪҪһ˯ķӦ
˵ͷ˯һʧ
ŷ磬ԸԸȥһϷҹЦ˵
ʲôϷŷһ
Ǵһȥϼһ˵ҪǵĶӵǺôĵӣȻϽеһλҲôšȸЦÿһȺһ硣
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ϼߵˣû뵽˾Ȼľ
ĴţϼҪˡ
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ȷӡΪȥ˵ȸ֣ϼ߸ӡڰ˽ߵǰû˿ֿ֮
ǰһҴһЩ顣ŷ˵
صһ۹أԼռЩѶ˳óǷǳһŷһܱ
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ˡһ֮ɫɫѿ
ŷɫһû뵽ȻˣΪЩѾȫء
ͽܻԯݺᣬ˲ڡɫüֺϴһĨŭ
ҵͽܣŷЩɻԼʲôʱͽˡ
ŷɫɫƲƲ죬м˵һֱ̫쵰ˣôõһͽܣֻ˻ķţӲǿһ㷨ţڼʮʱڣΪ飬ھȻͽܶˣѵǸһֱĴΪ˰ġ
ͽܣ֮˻ķţŷһԺеļ仭治ͣͻȻɫͻȻסˣ뵽νͽ˭ˡ
ιһмŮ˶ԷΪͽܣΪһЩ飬Ͱˣڲ
ŮţһʹСŮŷ纹գԼʦʵ̫ˡ
ƾһţڼʮʱڣΪһ飬ŷһ붼̲סԾѾͷ츳ʵ̫ˡ
ҲһȺУȻǺԯݺһӰ
ŷһŭϼǰʵأ
ӱ䣬ǶԷһĻԲ⽫߸ˡ
˵ԯݺһСǱ˴ˣϼҵﲻǸɣԾûϼ߷ǳƽӹŷŭ
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ŷʣмҪˡ


753 ϼ
ʥԺһİ֣ȴðҹ¶ݡ
ŷһʥԺ벻򵥣Ȼ⼸λ֣Ҫ֪ϹŴڵϼңû¶κξݣǳƽ
һʲôطŷѯʡ
˵ǿߵҡܶǿߣϹŴ񶼳˼ʮ𡣡ҹΪŷͣһ
һʲôӵĴУϹŴ˼ʮҲ̫˰ɣҪ֪ϹŴ񣬹ʵҲ࣬ǺųƽɴڣԽ硣
ǴԯݺʲôŷݺݵĶϼߡ
ʥԺˣΪ񣬴ǶΪǵ츳Ѱ콾Ϊ֡ۻʽ͡
ŷһ£ǵ˼񻹵õ컯ŷͷˡ
ȥϼҡ
Ҫȥϼҡ
ĴߣϼңˣҲ֪һ۹ط飬˶֪ϼҪˡ
ĸ˽ߣ󶼴һϼҵĴУǿޱȣϼڵĵ
ǵܲռһ
ʱУվǿߣǶŷҪֵġ
ҼҲ˸һȺУЦЦȻҪϼҳΪһŲԪƾϼ棬ȴʲɱ˳ںҼҵĳͻУھԵ·硣
񣬸ӹȸԸΪ𱬣ֱӴһΧǿա
һӣȻϼҪͷڹ궼ˣһȺǿ߳ɱڣ棬ʮħ˻
һʱ䣬ϼ̫ˣԱ񣬲ߣϹŴһϼ˵̫ˡ
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ĴǰǱ̣ǿȸһɤӣȴ̼ǣǳ˳
쳣ֻǴʱɫȴ΢΢Щ㲣һ۵ڿȸߵϼߣ˵λʲôϼĪҪΪϼҺ۸
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ȸȴһףֵԸԵ˭ܹᲢۡ
ŶԷЦ˵ҾǾϼҺ۸ô
Ĵжһ뷨ȸȫûдԷӡ
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ᵽϹŴǶη壬ҲĴڡ
ΪֻϼϹŴ𣿡Цɱһ
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ĸϹŴ񣬴ϼһ֪ϼҶסҹ
˼ϼ쳣ĲںǿԻȥˣҲʶһ£ʲôľˡȸЦ˵ֻĻȴ˶һ
ϹŴĻϼҾˣȻϽǸ棬ҲסϹŴս£ߵĴڣʤ࣬Ĵһ⼸ϹŴΧˡ
ˣûܹսλͬǿߡ
ۻʸһЦתҪߣȻҪȥ붯Լҵˡ
šɫ࣬żˣҧʵǵҪô
Ϻһ˶Ǵãһս㲻ȻĻϼҵɡҹɫͻȻһ㶣ǿƵʾ
壬ϼҵ˷ŭȴ޿κΡĸϹŴһֵĻҲֻ壬ȻϽϼ棬Ҳסǡ
ɫ࣬ϺһˣҲǲܵģΪһϺ죬ֶӡ


754 ս
ѵľأ֪Լѡˡ
еһˣԲܣʱ壬ẮĵġϾһ˿Ա䵽һ˵ϡ
ңһĳ˲˥ԲЭܹġ
˵أȻĴΣսһ췭ظͲˣԷĻ᲻ݣĸһ
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ŷһЦţĴʵ̫Եˣúܶ˸оҪ֪ЩϼҺ磬̫ˡ
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ƾǣϼǰһƨһ꣬վ˳ָſȸǴ
ȸһָ۵һ죬Ǹը飬
˵ķݣƽһֻһַƵӣϼҵ˺޵ҧгݡ
ȻǲʹǷΪֹҹҲڣһ˫쵶ϼҳԱϣľ¶ɫ
Ƶһʿǹŷȴ֪ڳĴУΪµľȻ߰˽ףѾ߾Ž׵żʱȥ
һۻʲ̵ЦţͲһα֮ˣȻ˺ƤһսϼϽǸ棬Ǹġ
ĴȺһڣȫϹŴ񣬶ԷĸҶ֣ĴԸɱ˶Է
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Ĵߣ߰˽׵ĴڣϼҿɲƼң߾Ž׵ǿߣǿߣҲǼһϣΪ߽ףĴߵĶ֡
Эϼңпܱ
ϼҵĳԱǿɬޱȣʱǾȻ䵽ز
ΪǳԶϼˡҧݣгһɫɫһɿֲϣϣ𶯾ʮء
ǽҪϹŴķ̫ǿˣȻ߾ŽףӲӣΪһ˿ϹŴܣͬȾܹס
Ϊֻд𣿡ŷЦħݸҹԷֳħֱӱһǵصħɱ졣
Ȼħûȫ⣬ߵУȴӵпµܣԲȶԷɫ
ŷ磬޼˹ŷ磬һξΪŷ罫ħ͸ʲϼҵŻ䣬ĻȻʲ죬վǸոոսǿɱ档
ϧɱҡŷЦ
ͨ죬ŭڣɱ죬ŷ縲ǹȥҹЦһֱӵһӣϢѹƻȥ
˵ôϻˣϼңϽع飬ҲκǡȸԸңΪϣֱӿڡ
һսǿ߶˵ԶԶģ±ŷҲ뿪ߵսڵΪ벻
ϼҳʮλߣһΪ߽֮⣬һ׵ĴڣʱȴòվҹǶš
ɱ
ȸһ֣ɫ˹ȥһ涼ڲ⻯㣬ᴩ
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ֻԼҲѪȻһС
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ǿȸͨɫ⣬ȻǰҹǣͨԾıҲ䡣
ɱ
Ҳ֣ɱȸǡ
ùŽ˿ȸǿϣԼеĹŽ˺ܴϣ
ҹЦֱʹħסĹŽ˼սһ𡣿ȸӭսһλϼ߽׵ǿߣԷȱȼеľѪȸս
ϼҵĴƴˣ֪ǲܴܶԷϼҸڼ
ۻϼҵˣʮ죬Ƕս棬գ·Ҫһ㡣
ԶĴը飬ʧС
˻䣬ϼҵǳ޾ػȻ֮⣬ΧǶˣǺӱˡ
Ѿ˿ŷҲ˳Զ¶ȵɫǴ˵еս𣿹Ȼ޾棬飬ϵпܱˡ


755 ϼ
ڳ֮ϵǿߣɽ飬ժ£Ǵʱȴ̲סǲʵ̫ˣǶ֡
棬һϢɻȻеǿߣȴҲվʿˡ
ˣǿĲƥС
ͬǿߣϹŴ򲻿ѹǡ
ϼҵǿ˲أǱನ˲һƬϼҵ۾ˡ
Ҫ֪ⶼϼҵδȻĴ֣ͣϼҲҪԪˣʮ֮ڣָܻԪ
һִޣǸƴˡȼԼıԴսҪĴѪȻҹǶܵѹΪϼҵ˷ħˡ
Ҳʼº֣飬Ļ벻ˣֻнϼҵĳԱȫС
ǴսȫѪȣɱڣǺӣϣ棬ѹʮ
ҹֳħɷնϲã棬ѪܣǰҹΪϸߣԽһ磬Ȼ񱬷ҲǰҹĶ֡
ȸХɫɨĶֺ飬ѪޱȣɢŴ۵Ĺ⻪Էٴθգɱ
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Ĵ򲻶ˣʮߣҲס߰˽׵֣ǱϾոս߾磬ֻǵͽߣĸ߽ߣűʵ
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ס֡
˶ΪϼҵҪɱʱһȺ˺һȺǿƵߣ˵ϢǿѹסˣðҹǶһ
ȸһ֣ٴνǸϷ飬һ㽫Էɱˡ
סֵǸɫһ䣬ֱӻһֻ֣ȸǹȥڴ棬Ҫֱѹ
ǿƵ˼㣬ȸХɫ𣬵סԷĴ֣ҲǺʮһ˿Ѫ
ģʲô˼ҹŭֱʹħɱ
ĵһȻǿ󣬵һ߰˽׵ǿƿħҲҴ⡣
ʹգһͷͷʵ飬ɱȥ
չ죬ɨ棬ɻԡ£һ¾
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ħܣȻȫʢʱڣҲͬ޵Уһ߰˽׵ǿߣ߾Ž׵۷ڡ
һ󣬰ҹٳ֣һߣ֪Ⱥ֮һսȥˡ
ͨ죬ҹˣȴûס֣ҹϼҽڱˣкޣҪħˡ
ĴŭҹĻ˵ϾҹΪһ峤ƿһ磬ħԺƽƽĵвֻһҲԼĻֱӴһѹȥ
ܵһӴѹɫ䣬ѹ֪ԼղŵľٶǵˣĲɷ˵Լ֣ͷҲǷŭֱһ˹ȥ
Žײȫǵ͹˹ŽйŽ񣬼ȼվѪսڰҹ̫ࡣ
飬ĵϡ
ǿֱӷԪ˻ͬܵʲôϮ쳤ХһԪ񣬲Ƕһ٣ȻҪˡ
ڳɵˣɫ䣬ĵˣڵϼ˵ֱһѡ
ƼҲɵУȻϼ棬ƼҶ֣ҵ
޸ɫͨ죬ָ񣬻ֱ£һҪɱ쵰ԼϼҵģȻһ㽫Լɱˡ
뵽мߣһһѪ˳
ߣҲǹģԭ£ǰǰϼҶչˣ񲻸Ҷ𱨡Ͻͷͬʱ߶ˡ
Ļߵѿˡĵ׵ܵܣɱʹͷϣᵽԼֳǲ˼֡
ֱһƽ˳ȥŭӱ졣
ĺֳȣ˲ֹһ
ҧһëȸһЦĻ󣬵߾ܹɭȻĶſȸΪҲɱ㣿
ɱңͶ֣û͡ȸԣ˿


756 ֻ
ȸһֱʮֽģҿȸΪȸһ峤˵ˣȻϹŴδػͷҪ˵߾Ž׵Ĵڡ
ԣư磬ײһ𣬿ȸԵЩȴһˣǾǿ
ģĽΪ𣿡ҹǰֳħסĵϢɫ䣬ʡ
ĽΪУȻƼƴҲľ
ϾĴȺ棬ϽҲǶַˣȻƼܹĽ֣ȴҲùΪ塣
Ƽ޷ܵģͻƼҶҡ
ֻͣģֻ̫ˡ䣬ɨȸɱ˸
Ļ뵽ʲôҪʲô
ƾ㣬ƾʲôΪǵͣڣʿһһ峤ʱȴǳǿƣģ
ͣ飬˫ϿȥһϿеͣʸǾһЦ
ĴȺҪκӣϼ̫ˣҪץҵΪͬ˳֣ҵҲûʲô˵ģһ˳֣ȻԸ⣬ǰϼֻعкβɣۻʡ
ĻƿԣϾһĵĹ涨С֮СԼһ£ܲ֡һ˲С֮飬Υ˹أۻǳ֣ΪԼһعǷǳһ顣
ϼҿסǵѹʵ⣬˸ûйʵıҪ
֪λвޣǽϼɱزѾ㹻ˣٴȥˣϼˣϽϼҲÿһ֮£ʲôٶĻ¾ǵ棬Ҳδüֹǵ˼ҵǿߣĬһҲˣҪȰһս
ŷĬһλʲ֮Ĺ󿪵ʱҲ֣ʲ֣Ҫֹʲʿˡ
ԬҲϴεǸˣԬ룬Ϊ߰˽ףͻƣЦݣҹѣǼɱɱˣҲˣҿʹ˰ְɡ
̬ȷǳͰȻ߳ˣһ崺ĸо
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ԬЦ֪ĺ͵Ĭ̫ǿˣǳ׽ڼ˰ҹеŭ벻ôýˡ
ĺ͵Ĭɫһ¶һĨЦݺô꣬˭Ҳһӣû뵽ĸˣȻһٵǡ
ʲôĸ磬ǴûзУʵǿ˼㣬һ壬ֵϼ磬ϹŴкü
ǿȸ֣ƼҲ壬οڻһ˼ҡ
һĴȺΪܹ̤еļˣٸҶ֣ұѪ硣Ц
Ѿװ׵սˣ˶һ˭Ҳû뵽ľȻľĬȻĴˣǴʱĵĻ֮󣬻̲סҪһ䣬һʵ̫嶯ˡ
ĴϹŴǶˣ޾鷳
ǲԷУսĴϹŴʲôԵĺ붼롣
䡣
һֲѪȾ棬Ȼһֻƿնֱĵϣѣһըˡ
˭
ĴŭǺӡ
ѹǺӣסǬģٴ䣬˫ʱҲѪˣըԪ񶼲һˡ
ľˣֵʵ̫ǿˣһֻѹ䣬Ҫɱ˫ҲסԷľ
㵽˭ɱң⵽ϹŴ׷ɱġ˶Ŀ־塣
ĬоҪǰĳɱһһֻ־һâֱӽĬɳȥѪ
ǿƣʵ̫ǿˣǾԵѹƣֵȻû¶棬ǾûгΪϹŴ߾ŽףһڣսȴֱѹͬĴڣеĸ
˲һǳֵˣ
ŷгһ֣֪˭ˡ
ϡ
ֵֻЦָˣһУбһŹʮ
ĸո壬㱻ˣԪҽУȻˣֻ£Դ
һ߾Ž׵۷ǿ߱ɱˣ˶Ŀɿڴ


757 ϹŴ
ֵ˭ҹҲľ˶еĻҲˣΪʵ̫ǿˡ
𡣡ĬĿ棬һǸѪһ̫ڸգµء
˶һǶֶİǧǰǿߣʱѾ߾ŽˣȻΪϹŴ񣬹Ҳ˰ɡ
սƥģͬʱɱͬߵսһֻɱҲǷǳ顣
˼ҵδԸݣһվԶǿգΰ˻ġ
Ǿݵˣ˶˼ǵһݾȻ˽ܣǧʱ䣬δ֪ݺˣжУǲ֪ǿԿ϶ǣ˳ľݺˣôķչʵԲС
ɱƼҵģͲ±ϹŴ׷ɱ𣿡ĬʵȻ˵ɱһõĬЩܲˡ
߾Ž׵ĴڣӦƽƽԷȻһ衣
ϹŴ𣿿һսͻȻŭһ綼ڲ޾İϳȻﵽһٽ㣬Ҫͻƽȥˡ
֮ϵǿ߿񶼱ˣǸоı仯Ҫһ۷սֿϹŴĴڡ
Ը
𾪵ʱһгһָֻһḥ̂Сѹ
޿ɱܣҲܿ
쳤Хڷ裬һսȥǸָײһһ޴ɳȥȴûܵ˺ӿֲˡ
ȻסϹŴĹȻֻһָͷҲ˵ҪǸˣһ
ΪϹŴҲãΪ۷սҲգڵ۷壬ΪĴڡ
ߡ
һδָֻͷٴγ֣ѹ䡣
һǿƣתǬɱ𶯹ŽδӲǸָͷһսϹŴͼǸĴڵ硣
ޱȣͣıﵽһޣһ¯һ㣬ؾԼУȻһ𣬰ǧ޾ͨȫԼУҪɵͻΪ
ΥϹŴ˶ҪǸֵϹŴҲŭˣһƥɱ⽵٣˺ѳΪ롣
ͬʱҲ֣۳һԷָնϣȻֻն϶ԷһָΪߣնһָһ裬ʹԷǼ̤Ҳһ
Ͼṳ̂磬ϹŴ˵һĴڣˣΪϹŴеЦ
뵽ǸϹŴֱӽ٣գɻ裬ƣе·һ͵Ĳˡ
ϹŴֱµǣѾˣٵһֱ̣˺Ѵ뿪
ڹŷͰҹҲһȫ˺Ѵϣ뿪
ϹŴ٣һƼǷģ˭֪ʲô飬һԼ˳֣ǾͲ̫ˡ
ҹһͷСĹ۲һ󣬲ŵõǸϹŴû׷ٵǣһ
ǱϹŴˣǱɣҲסϹŴ
ղſǼ£ѾǿĵأٶֵĻᱻɱ
ٵϹŴƥͬĴڣȻ͵ס
ǰʵ̫ˣڰ¶ϹŴƤӵ£Ժ㲻ܻˡŷҡͷ˵
𵭵һЦں˵ҲٴˣҪȥϽ硣
Ͻ磿ŷ磬ҹǶһ㶣ϽĻҪܵѣлҪࡣ
ϾϹŴʵ̫ˣҴ󲿷ǾݵĵˣϹŴһ۱ܹݵѪʱ죬Ҳ㲻ϹŴ׷ɱ
޷ϽвһȻϹŴҲס˲½һһ֮һ磬ȥϽ磬Ϊȫġ𵭵˵ѾһУԲų֣ɱĵġ
Ϊ˵ȻϹŴĴžԵһ߾ŽףҲС˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱͻƣ̤ϹŴС
ܶ࿴ûκϣ̤ϹŴе߾ŽףʱΪһԵֱͻƣǶǶԾвԵĴڣһһ


758 ħ
ŷҪȰ֣ĿᶨŽ񣺡ҵΪѾﵽһޣкͻƣ½УΪϹŴĻԵʵ̫ˣҪȥϽͻơ
˻һŷֱӱˣǰϽ磬Ϊͻƣκ˶ֹڡ
һ·ȫǼգҪ̤һдۣܹΪߵĴڣĻԶֻһϡ
뿪ˣ˺ѴϣֱӳϽ硣
֮ѣֻҪΪܹ˺ѿռ䣬Ĵ硣
ȻϽϼ̣ﵽ߾磬Ҳֻǰ·ȫնˣع򣬷ǾѪҪٵĻȻϹŴҪصĴۣܽ١
ǲܶУϹŴ񼸺֪ˣҪԼİˣ˸ǿн磬Ȼ⵽ĻɱȻϹŴҲԸԲܶĴڡ
콩ʬɱҲ𲻵
뵽ŷͻȻ뵽һųܹܶĳ裬أʲôΪ
ŷ籾ΪֻһħʦڿһжûԼеô򵥣ʹУҲ̫Ի
Թŷڵľ磬벻͸͸
ٴ뵽ħѩŮĶԻϹѩŮ˵ԯƵۺȴڲ֣Ҳв˲֡
ǵʲôȻڣŷһ˿ûҵ
˵Ϊ˶ԸݵĵˣͲܣԻƵۺȴǵΪסһ磬׾ٵһ飬Ҫ֡
вܶصػʲڶˣԾݵȻƼңδǾݵĶ֣ǻò
Ͻߣ󲿷ֶ;ǵˣΪʲôΪʾ˽ܵڿ̫ˡ
ΪϹŴǵѪ֮˫츳׿֮ݵˣ˿ûбҪʾݡ
п϶иΪ̵ԭֻǹŷڲ֪֪Լ
粻Щ飬ǲ֪ĺá
ŷ磬ҰͣΣҹħŷ磬Цʵ
ŷҡͷлҹĺ⣬Ҫǰ磬Ͼﻹһԯ죬ڵȥӪˡ
񾳽磬ǹŷһҪﵽľ磬ʮʱ䣬ʱѾȥ˽ˣû̫ʱ˷ѡ
ŷܾˣҹеʧķǳãҪùϵ׽ùŷĽܹɳΪϹŴǿĴڡ
ǰҹԤУҹȴһǳԼԤеˡ
ҹ붼ܾˣҲûпڣֻǸ߹ŷԼ꣬ʱԼ͡
ŷȻӦǸŷĸоܺãĸֵýĳ
ǷֿʱҲصԼˣʱص磬ñϼʣµǿ㡣
ŷҲûлȥ磬ŷһǧķΧ
һֺ͵鱻ˢÿ
ŷһֿľ磬˫ֽë׶ſ
ΪһֻٶȻ˵ŷֻеˡ
ʱ䣬һ˱ƣǻΪһ̫ͼ
ӴӿӵĿˣǿߡ
Ҳһ̣ŷʧԶһ½ϡ
ʧ֮ǿ߽٣Ƕ񾳽磬ǿ󣬵ǵûκ˵ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬ԷȻ֮ϣ֮ǰǰ쵽ǵĴڡ
˾һǿߣҪСˡ۵ǿ߿ڣɫء
ǸǿһɫۣǶͷȴǣӦò࣬˵ʲôˣҪǸҪǸǵġ
ǿߵͷɫ΢΢ЩԥβſڵȫѰǿߣһҵԷ٣׼ݾߣҪ̻㱨
ǿҲħ嶼ȫѰǿߣһֶԷݣ̻ر׼ݾߡ
ŷ粻֪ԼѾΪǿ˷Ķ󣬴ʱһСУ˽ۣɫͷеŷˡ
һУҲŷ͵ʱ򣬲ʱʿūвٹŸָԴ˵֣ȴֲֻ̫һǿܶѡ
ʲôطѵһħõ磿ŷֹšǿ߲࣬ȴһֱܹҵԼΪĶû뿪硣


759 
ףֵˡһȵԶ߹һȺˣŹŷ̬߰ĳһԽС
ŷɨһۣ⼸ΪУһ϶㲻ϣֱͬ
ûǣԼ·
㣬ͣһͷ췢꿪ڣɫ΢΢һĨ꣬ʱŷֻǿһۣת뿪ʱˡ
ʲô𣿡ŷתһüͷ
ֶ̫ˣҲ̫ˣЩ˷С
һ񣬼ǾȻ񣬲֪Ҫɱͷ𣿡Ǹ췢Ц˵ַĽ棬ȻҪʱμɱˡ
ƾʲôŷ絭ʵЩЦԼһһɼСһҲ١
վʿĶˣܵصϿɣһֹλҲֻͬȲεһ񣬶ԷᱻС
λ裬߸ע飬˭ǸΥĻȻҪ⵽Ǵ
һ񣬾Ȼʸ߹ӾĶ췢ŭ֣һĨ⣬նŷԴ
˶¶ЦɫȻС
ڴʱһŭȻһӰ˹
ס֡
ǵӰһʣֱӽ췢ĳ˻ȥɫ΢΢һ䣬ˣɫЩѿ
ŷſ⾹Ȼһɫս׵Ůӣͷɫģپ£һȴһӢŮһյ
ݣҪԣ췢겻˵ǵһȺȴ߳һŮһ߹Ĺ峤ȹԵ쳣һĿȸһ
ֵʱ򣬰ɫ΢΢һ䣬߹ǣ׼۸СˣĻһݺݵĽѵǵģѵˣ
һʲôҲѵǡݵĻ䣬һ겻м˵Ȼ԰ݷǳɵȴ˺ƤĻ˭Ҳ˭ث
Һԣ̫֣۸СѵһӦ𣿡ЦƲվڹŷǰһ˶ˣȻһ㶼á
ݣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣΪ㸸ǱԪ˧ǾͲҽôˡ
Ͼǵ۶ҾǱԪ˧λҲǺûʸھš
ѾܾˣÿĻǾͶ㲻ˡ
һȺ˿ڣڰݶǵأùŷЩ⣬ĳ֮ԹȻ֮ѾǷһγͻˡ
ЦһˣȻһȺˣʮ㣬ǶԷЩԥȻţȴҶ֡
С˰ɣһȺ蹷ƽʧݡŷͻȻ˵ĻöԷɫ΢΢һ䡣
һΪ蹷ܹܡ
ɫ΢䣬ЩĿһ۹ŷ磬ŷ֣ʼգŷû¶һηɫһƬ̹ǸͲǰһ
һı֣ڷƤˣʲô£޾ǰļˡ
ǿʿǿߣҲʱֵһؤһ˲Ĵ֡
ʫܶӢ۵Ĵ˵оͲ顣
ܹ뵽ȻǼСҲ뵽ˣǿŷг˾衣Թŷڵľ磬һ۱㶴ǵ뷨ֻǵһЦתߡ
ûڼ˶סˣΪŷһ˵еʿ֣˭Ҳҵˡ
ֻа΢΢˸һ£ڹŷһ¥
СʲôŷЩȵʵ
ɫһ죬ȴûֹͣŲȻ߹ŷ硣ŷ̲סЦЦ˵ҪҲУûǮپƲˡ
ݵͷԥĴӦˡ
һϲɫŷ²ΪһˣҲԼеѣǰܹҲ˵
߽ľ¥΢΢ɨŷ¥ȥ
ղߵ¥ݿڵʱ򣬹ŷ㱻סˡ
ֻǵĿǸסһۣԷ巢ź˵һߣŷ˿־塣
һĻݸӿ϶ԼĲ²ˣŷһ֡Ŀ⽫һסҪʥܹ
ŷ¥ȥ¥֮󣬰΢΢һ£ɫ΢΢ЩȻ
ټ¥ֻһһ߶ӵһϢвܹӵеʣȻݶȻ
Ȼûйһɽһһָ߲ʵĸоȻΪɲ⣬һ֡


760 ʥʹ
ŷȴδߵһߵ棬ŴһȻɫ
ݸֻɫЩȻ꿴֮ɫ΢΢˽֮ϸŭɫ
ݣӣ㾹Ȼ񣿡ͻȻڣг˲
ŵ˵ͷȻɫÿվûд񡣲˵ĵλҲûбҪдҵĹأͷѾûʧڡ
Ǹɫ΢΢Щӣڵ۹еĵλҲǺܸ߰񶼸ӻӵϣҪúõĿǺˡ
˻һǸɫ䡣
ݺݵĶŰݣŭݣ㾹ȻӱӵϣҾҪӻʼϽ㴦˰
ƽʱĻȻзŭȴ飬Ϊݵĸǵ۹ıԪ˧ȻΪûʵۼɵҲ
ȴһˣ֪Լǵߣ˭ʲôµĺֺԸеġ
ңֻҪˣʲôԪ˧ĸ׻ʵۣȡ֮ûбҪκˡ
뵽һ⡣
ԼðݵѪΪԼͶϵƷ
Ļһ䣬һȺ˳˳ŷΧм䣬ɫ䣬û뵽һӣ쾹ȻɱԼĵ
ôһȺΧм䣬ҲЩˣȻ൱ڵΪЩ˶ǴһΪ߳ȻܲĶ֣һֿûС
ӣҪʲôݺǳȴ˲
ʶĿ˹ŷһۣ΢΢һ㶣ݷֵˣȻһŵûУƽǸûʶʲôһ
һݸӿ϶ŷӵдµˣֻˣôİΧ
ʲôֻͷһãǴ˸߹ʥʹˡ˵г˵⡣
Ȼܹʸʥʹ˵Ҳһҫ顣
ʥʹ
ݾߵг˿־壬ʶߵݣʥʹ˵и߸ϵĴڣȻԼǰԼ˶Էˡ
˵ǻʵ۵ʥʹҲûнʥʹŵ־ǿԾһ飬ǿĵߵ۹ҶԿǡ
ΰİܶʥʹðʥʹһЦ˵ͰݵļϵãΪƽʱ԰ݵĸΪĻӱڰݵĸףѾ޵˹档
лὫɱȻŹĻᡣ
Ͼðʥʹǻʵۣ˵ԼˣͬΥ־ʵۣҪ
ɫɷף֪Լˡ
ʥʹֻ·һ׶ס뵽Ŀŷ磬ȻƽļһܱܲסԼأ
ȺҪֵʱ򣬹ŷͻȻˣСϽҪˡ
仰˵÷ǳͻأ˾ȣ˶ǿɵһڿŷ磬һﲻɣҪˣȻԷ
ֻǸʥʹɫ΢΢أ˹ŷһۣȴʲôûпüͷ΢΢磬Ҫһ˿似ħˣǲס
ҹŷɫͷƤҲɻʥʹϼʶ֮һûмֺͷƤء
СսսȻҹ
֡
е㲻ͷˣúְ׳Ն£ֱڽԼ̡
̫ˣȥŷͻȻӿڣһӣӲķȻֱӴ¥ˤ˳ȥ
һĻ̫ˣ˵ϣǸʥʹûзӦ
Ҫ֪ʥʹΪǷǳֲģҪʥʵСһʥȴԼߵˣĿߵ˱¥ӳȥǸʥʹɫ䡣
֪Լǿˣǰˣһͨˣֱе˶Ҫ
ǸԼĻӱ˳ȥһȻŭǻӳʲô⣬Щ˶Ҫù
ЩҲܹŷжôֱǳ֣ɱ˹ȻҪء
롣
ŷ粻ͷԼֻҪһ£û뵽ȴ鷳ʵЩķ
һӣЩɳȥȻӴȥ½һʱ򣬰ܶʥʹҲ֪ǰ˾ǳԽԼĴ֣ԥվҪܡ


761 ʥʹ
֪ǿʥʹҲܣ϶ᾪһصӵġڰݵӶɳʥʹ޵УǷеֿܹġ
ȻܹʥʹһսҲҪʥǿߣͬëǣٵ˼㡣
𣿡ŷ絥ץǿʥʹһСһŷ˻һĻðݵֱһﵽʲôزǿʥʹͬӤһһ㷴ûУѵǴ˵Ѿǿߣ
뵽һͬԼ²⣬ײˡ

ܶʥʹͻȻһϻ̳Ͽֵӣ־嵽˼㡣
ղŹŷһ֣ڹŷϸܵһ˿ʹֻһ˿ȴνǵ񣬿ǰ˻˵ǰҪڵϡ
ҳԷΪʲôҪˣŷɫŹֵʵ
һ΢ɣ˹ŷԷҪɱһʥʹŷΪưԵڰݿȴȻģϾղŰܶҲҪɱǣֻû򰢽ܶ
ˮת仰
ΰʴȵģԭ˵Ĺܶϻ̳Ͽֵ˵ɫǿ־塣
ŷƲƲ죬ʴȵģСš
˷ź͵Ҵ֮⣬û˵ĸڽ̵飬ʴġųˣһвĴڡ
㲻ҵˣҲɱ㣬Ҫ֪綼ʲô飿
ŷģкСϲˣȻŽĿת򰢽ܶ
ܶʥʹͻȻһǰ˵˼ˣȻ顣ܹ飬ǿޱȵģȻǵ񣬶Ƕ֡
ֻд˵Щ񣬲ܹ֮һս
˵ŷ֮֮ӹˣ˵ղŻһ뷨ȴһ뷨ûˡ
ˣʮ񣬶ŷʥ໹ʮһ񣬲ʵ˵ʥʮоǿġܶʥʹشŷ⣬˿
ʮΪʲô磿ָı׼ŷ絭ʵ
ܶһ㶣Ȼҡҡͷֻһʥʹ֪ЩΪʲô׼
ʮ滹ʲôڣŷʡ
һεĴڣʮͻ֮󣬱񡣡һ㰢ܶǷǳǳʹ˵˳
ŷ΢΢ͷȻ˻֣߰ɡ
ûɱܶʵǰܶûбɱǸҲûŷûɱǵ˼
ֻҲǹŷ磬ʥʹ˶Ҫ¹Ĵڣܹġ
ܶ뿪Ѹٸһط
֮ǿߣ㱨ʲôƿص黰Բ˶ߡ
㾹Ȼôŷг˾ȡ
֮飬ǰ˾ȻһŷУһĨηͬʱԼղΪŷͷоЩЦĴڣԼΪͷ˭˺
㲻ò˼ĳҺܸˣӽǾѡŷ൱ͰݣȻһŮӣȴȴ˶Ҫš
¶һĨɫҲֹŷһܺദˣûЩǿߵϺĮһӶûУһĳߡ
к˵ʶһ£ҽаݣʲô֣
ҽйŷ硣
ŷҲʹ˵Լ֡
СϾƲˡͻȻһǸСʱȴǻޱȣȻ˶ûеˣȴֱӳ˳־Ʋ˶ȫζȣ˱ǵùŷһľƲ˻ǲء
ʳָ󶯣ֱӽҿһ̳ƣеȥ
ơ
ŷЦΪǰ׾أȻˣ͵ŷޣǺơ
ڰ׾ƣҲûС
úȡ
ҲѧŹŷӺ˼ڣɫЩͨ죬Ȼܲ˾ƾϾȻǺƣǾƾȴĳ棬Ȼ֮ϵĸ߶Ȱ׾ƶ١
Ҳ㣬ԲǵϵЩܹȵġ
ŷ粻֪ǣ¥ϰѾ֪ŷʥʹҪ¹ĴڣȻҵԼصõľƶ˳
Ȼ˵ĵһƣҲǰȻ
ķˣƣŷ밲ݲ̸ͣЦţֵ֮ܿܿˡ
ȷʵһŮԸˬǳԹŷθڣǱˣŷδػԷġ
ȻŷеѾʧ٣Ҳʲô˶ܹѵġ


762 
ΪߣԸȴϹŷθڣ˺ܿһƬ
ȫˣŷ밲һ𣬹һۡȥ˿˵龰ӶһˣǱԪ˧ŮȻһˣ˷κѵϲˡ
ֹܶ˵ΪӵĿ϶
ŷ밲ˣʱһ׳ӶɳˣȻѾ飬ǵʱ׳е㲻ţ⻹ԼŮ׳ɫ΢΢ЩŹ֡
ףһˡԼ֮󣬰ݻһ𣬳ѹ֪Լʲô飬ɫʱǺˡ
ŷٺһЦûֻҪһ£ѹ̬ҲתΪ
ǹŷ磬Ҹʶѣ֮ûʲôģ㲻ҪᡣݸϽ˵ȻΪŷܵҵĸǵ۹Ϊʿ
ŷ繰˹֣Ǽ
ҲŷĲ򵥣֪һˣҲûκμӣͬһ֣ŷ˽ȥ
ǷֱʱҲѹղŷ˵һ飬֪Ҫɱݵʱһ˵ʥʹŷ֮󣬶ҹŷ绹Ǳ飬һ¡
Ҫ֪ȻҲǸ֣봫˵е龳磬֪˶Զء
ʵ費֪ǣν飬͹ŷ飬ȫһν飬ɾǿߣŷ飬
飬Ҳ֪˵ʲôǿߣһӣǵһμǰЦȻ񾭼ͣǴʱҲеŲסˣԺκġ
ŷ絭һЦûнʲô
Ҫɱݣ飬ұֻһΪ۹սô꣬ͷΨһһŮסҲաЦͻȻŷ繰֣ǳʲô⣬סҼһС
û⡣
ŷȻӦ˵ֻǾ֮Ͱˡ
õŷĴ𸴣һֱȥ֪ҪԼֻعȥˡ
Ҹײ°ɣЩġ
ģʲô鶼Сŷ簲οݣסĻϣûܹסˡ
ŷĻݵ˵ͷһ
ŷѯ˰һЩ⣬ҪУһЩܹΪıϾһУһ㶼һЩĵرʺõģҲܹҵĻһ⡣
ŷᵽĵرֱӵԼеĲر⣬ȡһЩһЩһЩԺĶε˵ѵˡ
ֻǹŷȴҡҡͷֶһöûС
Ҳ⣬õЩ˵ĶǾͲˡ
Ҳ߹ŷ缸˵˵磬ʥҩݺÿһ컯ֻȻЩ߸ϵ飬ҲѰʥҩȴûеõ
һʥҩֺ󣬹ŷ΢΢Щ㶣ѵʲôϵ
ʳԼ⣬Ϊݲֱ֪֪ӵͷЦ˵ǰڵ磬㱻磬ǴģֻǺʧˣȻЩǣҲ˵䡣
ʲôŷѯʡ
˵Ǵ˵һξѪ̺ŴһѪʵĽԼ֪Ķ˹ŷ硣
ŷ۾ȫһʱ䣬ѰʥҩݶϹ屦
ӵ죬ϹŴһξѪȻ̺ķ͵ǵõŷӲΪһܹһ˿͵ԼУԺΪа
ˣ˳ˡһ˻Żŵ˽ֵ̿˵
ǰݼеһΪҳϣʱȴ԰ףǴͷһһ㡣
ŷһ֪ڵƽ֪ڻûʲô⣬Բż
һЩżʵôˣ֪ԼǽʹΪԼֻعǶԷϾһӣҲܻʵ۴Ҳһܹôġ
Ĺ̫ˣѾûҼɵĵزˣ˵ľˡ
һӵ鷳ñץ˽ڣһҪɱˡ
Ҫɱˡ
Ǹ˵԰׺Ρ


763 
һȻƽĿתŷ磬֪ŷ϶а취
㸸׵ʵôŷͻȻʵ
һɴ۾Źŷ磬Ȼ뷨Լĸ׵ʵۣһǰݴûġ֪Լ׶ڻҵҳϣܱѣԼ׵ʵƷ۹δ
ǸҲ𾪣ǿһŹŷ磬һʵۣΪԼ˭˵е
Ҳֻһʼ𾪣˼β̧ͷʵҪĲ⣬Һ֮Ĺϵǳܣǲ֧ǡ
֧־ˡŷ絭˵ȴ̺һϵİ
磬û߾ǿߣһԺɨ硣ϵǿߣȻŽףҲδĵ֡
ǶԷͬͬ׳ۣܹսʤ
ݻԥŷϾǿߣվһҪ뿪ʱͲܹԸġ
ɫ΢΢һŷͻȻЦ˵üһģȥǵʵһԭʧ
ͬʱдҽУȻ˱㿴˵е飬Ȼƿȥ
ŷٴλƵһȻӣǸֱһ£ʱףǰˣȻһ顣
ղԼҲߵӣǴ˵޵еڣУҲٮٮߣû뵽Ȼסŷһ
ֻȴûпŷһ飬Ҳ֪һǺɫͷ۾ġ
ʱ򣬰Ҳö⣬Ǹ˵Ҹ׵壬ż۶нʿɱʹȻظס
Ǹһʱװݵ˼Ͻ˵ǡȻ˳ȥʼټ֡
˵Ҳ֪׼ǣ˻ң˵ûʲôЩ˶սϹʿֻһ۹ıԪ˧ǻʵ۵ĵλûĵλߡ
ʹһطһڣǰվһʮӣӥǹˣһ
ǵ۹ĻʵۣһɣʱǺѣа˲ĵ۹Ϊġ
ֻʱ򣬴ɵϣȴûһӣһɫϣɱ⡣
ڳˡڴɵĵ⣬ԵúƽԼûйϵһ
ô꣬ڿԳˣõѣ֪϶ҵġЦţǲ̡
Ϊʲô֪Ҳᱳġһ۾Լĺϣ̽Ѱİ
ΪʲôɷĴЦһһԸһóѣԼ顣ָЦ֪ЩȻǹõ۹٣ȴֻ֪Ƕ˵۹ˣҲȶˣޣⶼҵĹͣƾʲôһ΢ļһȡҲҪɱ㣬Ҫõ۹ֻ
Цʱ״ɵķԭֻΪһ޵ҪɱԼ˻ԼʶǸɫӣȴûʲôĵĸо쳣ƽ
ŷѾӦչļˣǿȻܹһ㣬ˣҲûʲôõĵġ
֪ΪʲôҪɱˣЦ󣬴ɵ˵
ָԼΪʵ۵źϣһ˫Ӷϣɢһƿµİ
ǵƣȻеٮٮߣ֮⣬ÿһطΪϸĻʵۡ
֪ˣֻٸһ飬Ҫͼ˺ҵļˣȻڵġҸˣû˵Լ飬ȴ˴һ䣬Ҳ御ˡ
ܣҲ¸ĻģնݳЦЩѿɫٴЦ
һæ˽һš
ʲôˣ΢΢üЩǳڣǳʲô飬Żʧġ
־˵£²ãݴʮʹѾ˻ʹУ˵Ҫɱµۡ
˻һɺɫ׵ıˣû뵽ݾȻ飬ʮʹƣҪɱ˴ɡ
β¶ˣǿˣû뵽ĸҷЦУɱ⡣


764 ޵
ɫƽ֪Լ˵ʲôԷšɸͽĵˣԴĹ
裬ΪʮͳԶˣЦΪƵۣȻ޾ĵֶ̺ΣЩܹ˽ġ
Ҳףû˵ԼŮΪȡ˹ŷͬĻ»ҿ϶Ҫ군ˡ
һ飬ǷܹĴڡ
Ҿ㿴ҵĻʵۣͬʱҲǲսʤġһѽץס˳ȥ
ǴԽţ˳Ĵ
ݿȻһŮӣǷȣԡѪɱУһӶҪ͡вپеĸ֣ݣһ˺ûܵ
ڹŷ磬򿴲Ӱ֪ʲôط
Ҹסϵʱ򣬰۾ˣɴɷڡ
ݣ㾹Ȼı棬֪ĴɫŰݣ¶һĨЦݡ
ݳֱɨ˳ȥɲԶһɱȻָɣ˼ǳԣǴɲˣ̶֡
Ϊ۹ĻʵۣʲôܹвЩп˵ΪʮܽƷ𣿳롣
һһֲõԤУȴ˵ǲǳ룬һ֪ˣҸףҲɱ㡣
֮԰ݵڻûж֣ȫΪԼĸ׵ԭԼĸױԷ˺ˡ
ЩʿһɱڣŴɡ
ûνĻʵֻۣǵսڼܵû̶֣Ѿǿˡ
ЦͻȻʥʹ
˻һʮɫǲηҵϣʥʹ֣ȴɽп
һͳεУȨһУʥʹֵĻǾаҲ벻к³
ĸ۵˳֣һ߰ޱȣȨȣνʥʹһĸʥʹǰİܶλҪ̫߳ˣһ֣ûĻԼһ߱ذܡ
Ͼ磬ûܹȨһ
ݣеĽһʥʹڣɫ䣬ȫ˷
ʥʹ߸ϣ˭ҲܷĻΪ־
ʮĻ̻̣֪ˣ޵еսʿ񣬻ǲҵġ
ܡҲһľϵˣȻ֪ʥʹ˼Ĵˡ
ǰݸ֪ԼǷȴԼŮĽԺòȥЩʿѣȻԸ׷
ңһƣ˵е飬ǹŷĶ֣˵ûбҪηʲôʥʹ
Υּ⣿Ǹʥʹŭʡ
˻һٱʿвһĵλʵ̫ˣȻһ㲻ǶС
ұּ⣬ҪġһҧҲʼ
˻һĸʥʹɫһǴ˰һЦԻڣϸûͣʹͽ
ĲǸʥ񣬶޵񡣡˵Ȼ˾ȵУĬһܹϵԣͬʱŷоһ֮ûԼУûֹֻкЦû뵽ݾȻԼһ޵š
ڰ֮󣬹ŷһ⣬ڰݵϣϢһ˲䱩ֱӴﵽɾһһɾɾ磬ùŷ綼Щ벻
ʱİݣׯϣУʮһӰޱȡ
ӽұ޵µһսݡݴȵ졣
˶ˣܹһʥΪˣ񾳽磬ֻӵܡ
ѵŷ޵ǺλߴһȼĴڣϣʲôʱһˡ
飬ܵݵϢȫԾޱȣȻ˵еʮҲûڵİǿ
Ҫ鿴ߵȴһӿֲʮҽУ̳һüĹѣһ
ֵȻǹŷ磬Щɾļһ鷳ڵŸǿߡ
ͣ찡׷ʲô飿ĴʥʹţǴʱȴòš
ڰݵ£ɪɪҲûиղŵһǿƣ°ݻɱԼ
ʵһĻݶû뵽Լ֮ĸ˹ŷ֮󣬾ȻܹõǿԼ֮ǰС˹ŷ硣


765 սħ
ŷ綴Ϥķ򣬶ʱνͣʵƪķ֮׳֮ģǸ飬ҪͣԼһЩ΢Է
ȻⲢǱģ鲻ͣҲֹΪķ
׳֮ģҪ͸ķҲס
·Ĵǣȫסˣ˭Ҳû뵽ᷢ飬޵˭ǲ֪ǰȴһ˿ۿ۵ġ
ĴʥʹһۣԷеĿ־壬ֻкӴˣ֪Ƕôǿ󣬶֮䣬ܹһǳأܡ
ɣſҵĸסĺȵ
޾ϣǴΪߣʱҲʶ֣ǳܲסݵϣһƨ˵ϡ
ֵŰݣһƬհףʱ֪ԼҪʲôͻȻǰһλⳬڳ˵ʶ
оԼе㲻á
Ҳףݵı仯͹ŷѲ˹ϵΪŷǱ飬Ҳǿȥʮ࣬ԼףŷʵԿЩ
սˣ֪޵񵽵һoΪʲôû˵޵񣿡һʥʹ̲סʵȻڰݵ֮£ЩܲסǶ߶µĽ˵˳
һĳ֣ҿǿλ񣬲òһЩ²⡣
飬Ҳʵġ˵ĿһɣǸʥʹɳȥԡѪһˡ
˶ҲǿˣݵƢ㲻Ϻã˭ҲƢ顣
ʥʹȻŪ׷ʲô飬Ҳף飬ܹʵġ
ɣ֪ô𣿡ݽĿɡ
ңɬĿһ۰ݣ֪ݻΪ飬Ҳֵġ
ڣһжѾˡ
ʶһ㣬ɿЦ˵ӽ˵ʵ۵λãεĻʵۣԺ۹ˡ
ùңԼ
˵Щ֮󣬴ɵɫҰܣʧȥеĻ֪ԼˣȻ붫ɽ𣬶ˣһǿڣǻҲûзĻᡣ
迴һ۴ɣ̾һȨƣû̫׷λ˵ǿпޡ
һҰܵĴɣ֪ѾɲѡˣչһѾܹˡ
ԼŮȻΪһλһεĸо
ݵͷԴɵľȻ⣬ӽ۹ǵˡа黤ӣ˭Ҳ޷ҡ۹
ʮ֣٣ܹı䡣
ߣаͽҲǵһ𣬶һˡ
Ӣһսףħ죬ɱ⾪硣
һ񣬶ħ񣬺ųսħ磬û˲֪ͷȻŷսħսħȴƻĴʡ
ŷɱ¾滹бǿѹսħὫ飬ȴɱɾ
һΰݳΪսսħԣȻսħ񾭣붼û룬˹
սħݾɫдŲȻһ˸ˣʵǳϡ
û뵽ǧعȥˣʶңԷսѾҵļɻ䣬սħ̵Цɨһ·飬˵ҲҪսħһѪء
ɫһ䣬֪սħ񣬵ȴԸִУ·޾飬սʤսħҲĻᷢԵѡ
гϣֱָսħɢž˵⣬ѳѾ氲ݳΪ񣬳ɳΪˡ
ССһҲңھɱ㡣սħ̵һЦʧٴγֵʱ򣬱Ѿ˰ݵǰ
Ҳ˲䷴Ӧгȴڷˡ죬ӰղȻסսħĹǿȴһѪ
ŷǸ޵񣬾еǿߣ㾹ȻܵסҰٷ֮һֻ԰ˡսħĵ˵
˻һ˲ɫ䣬ٷ֮һһԼսħжǿ
ݶڻɣǹŷ磬δػսħĶ֣ΪԷ̫ǿˣ˰ݵ֪
սħУû˿֮
Ҫɱ㣬һֻ϶Ҫ򵥡սħ̵Цš
仰Ҳ˵ġһ׵սħɫ䡣


766 ħ
ʲôˣսħȻתһִͷĸо
ڴʱһֳֻ֣սħ棬Ȼֱ䡣
սħħƣǸֳ֣Ҫס֡һжͽͣսħҲǿˣŷȣͲ̫Զˡ
һ죬սħʧ֮䣬ֻʣһĨѪ
һ񣬾Ĩɱˣ𺳣˾Լǲǿˡ
޵޵Сʱ򣬰ͻȻϥУıϣùŷɫŹ֡
ûгֻ֣УעһС
ŰݵĸߺٷҲȾ̲סŰݴ޵޵УֺԽԽǵĺһɹ֮ûŷУЦá
ΪֻҪУ֮԰ΪǶ˵ȴֻһߣûʲô̫á
ŷȴ֣֮ӣһϢڲͣȻڹŷ翴Щͷȥǧʱ䣬ܹ񣬳Ϊ顣
϶֮ãѾﵽһֵǷ켫ĵز
뵽еҮͻǴ˵е棬Ļı֣Բ֡
֮棬ҮͻȷҴܣҪĶࡣ
ڸߺŷȴһ̤ǿУǰˣŽ׵Ĵڡ
ŷֵʱɫ΢΢˱䣬Ȼû뵽ŷܹҵԼǵʱŷʧ֮󣬳ֵĽħ塣
ĴڣֱΪħ˹ǳ˴֮⣬ΪǿĴڣͳħ塣
Сŷ絭˵
Ҳȴ˻ش𣬱㾶ֱ֡һָֻͷѹǺӣƣһ΢͵磬ˡ
һɣһ飬ǿŷָϵ磬Ǹ΢粻ȡ
˹֣ͬħ˸޾ԩҽУըγǿŷָײһ
䡣
һ죬ͬʱˣ˹˺ȻĶŹŷ磬ԷǴ񾳽磬Ȼ֣һƽ֡
ǱҪŷģڿ˾֣ҲδܹӮŷ磬һۣǶԷеľ
Ƕûж⣬ס֡Ͻ˵ȻȫϢʾԼûж⡣
һߵ˹Ҳ֮ħȻû˵˼ȴǳԡ
Ҳûж⣬ֻ·磬Ҫʲôҩû뵽λѣԭ¡ŷЦ˵Է֣Ȼᶯ֡
ǵѷûʲôҩģУҲѾժˣҪҵҩǲˡɫϣŷ͡
˵ݡڣΪΪʥҩǵõĻǲˡŷ絭˵ͬʱһ˫Ӷ˵ϡ
˹ɫ΢΢һЦ˵ѿǲ֪ǵʥҩȻһֱ˵Ǵڣȴû˼潫Ǵˡ
ǵǣŷ֪ʡ
磬Ӧ˵ϹŴǴĴ񡣡ָ˵
֪ѾˣȻȴУνϵҮͻ
ҾǰŷҲ壬֪ԷмɵԲɱġ
Ȼ˵棬û뵽ﾹȻĵطиԵˡŷǺЦ
˹ǳ鴤һôģô벻뿪ʶһ㣬˹һۣ˾
ȻˣǴȥһطҵ˻Ե뿪磬Ͼһֱ浽ڣ棬Ҳκ˴ƽ⣬عĻ˵ʱ򲻽鷳λѹƻд鷳ġޱ˵˹ϣ¶һɱߣίȫһ
ŷЦȴû⣬ֻҪõô뿪
Ϲһ˿̰˹˿УЦ
ɡ˴Źŷ磬һطȥ
Ƭһɽ֮䣬أиߣڰɽһŻ֣Ƣζɢ˻һ˲о˾񶼺˲١
ݺڵĵطûǸȡǵ͵ĻԶ֡һָɽŻĿŷ硣


767 ߼
ŷȴֻǿһۣŵ˵Ҳȥ
ȻѲԸⷸգ뿪ǵ磬ϣԴȱĳҪƻĹ򡣡Ͽҵ˵
ŷ羲ˣͻȻ¶һĨɫԸ뿪𣿡
һָըѪһ䣬ŷɱ
ͬʱʮϵǿߣڹŷΧ˹֮⣬Щ֮оȻǿߣңһ졣
˹˵ɫˣɱ⣬̵˵뿪ǲܵģôǿһʲôѪֻҪѪټݺЧ˵ܹͻƵ߾磬ǻ뿪𣿡
ᡣ
ŷشĺʹ죬ҲŹԷ뿪ġ
־ܣҲǻһ˹˵ֻȴͣ˸űŰɱ
ʵѾоˡŷ¶һĨЦݣָǰЦ˵ΪһȺܹв𣿼ֱһЦ
˷У˹ȻŽףǱ춼˲٣֣ǿ춼һˡ
ǰʮνһ𣬾ûϼʮǿǿ
ϹŷΪһʱ䣬ȻûнףҲˣܹ̤׵ľ硣
ߣͷҴԲѣɱ˹Цħ˸ִһħ⣬ħлƣŷɱ
ͬʱɣһֻѹ䣬ʧɫ޹⡣
Ҳ֣ɱһƬա
ŷ쳤Хһεɨʮ
ը飬ΪߣŴ龳磬סŷһ֮һ֣ڳ˶붼Ҫ
Ҫ֪ŷֱӺһɼһߡ
˹һۣԿԷеľŷ̫ǿˣǵһ׵ǿߣͬ׵Ĵڣûйŷǿơ
ɫǳ֣û磬ŷУҪ顣
ŷ𶯣Ѫ죬һȭǺһʳȥС
һҽУЩը飬һ֮£ʣ²ʮˣٶǴŽ׵ĴڣǴʱҲشˣһɫŹŷ磬ڿһħ
˹ҲˣǻԡѪ˼ĶŹŷ磬ԷȻǿزû뵽ġ
ұǵĶǼȻҳˣұûй˼ˣǶҪŷĮ˵
˹ЦһŹŷĻ
ϵĽۣͻȻʧ¶һɫսۺɫսۣǿϢת⾹ȻߵļС
ּļУӵгߵķȻǹŷ磬δܹ׵ĴơȻʹħĻŷӵʵ
Ҫ֪ħȻֻ⿪طӡԲһڹŷУܷӳǿʵ
ŷ粢ҪԼ˫֣һļС
䡣
ŷˣǹ˹ɱʣµЩˣʣµļˣŷһɱȫɢ
ֻʣ˹ˡȴ⣬ǳɹ׵ĻǱߣʱ磬ȥãҪ͸֣ҲǷǳ׵顣
ʱҲˣӵ߼еǣԵ쳣ǿֱŷ簤ս
ţӵмеԼܹܹŷ硣
顣
һײŷ⣬һֲϢ֮תǿ˼㡣
ÿһۣ˺һ棬Ǻӡ
ǿ˼޵ı֣߾ļУŷ粢ӲУ˹ˣˡ
ɫȻû뵽ӵ߼У޷κιŷ硣
ǲģΪԼʤӵ߼УǾùŷƲǵķԼѾڲ֮ˡ
ŷɫ糣磬ͬһ㣬߼档治ͣһ⻪סŷĹ
ͬʱ˹Ҳ֣ŷ緢ǿҪɱֻ˵Ĺȫκβ˹ŷ磬ֱһȭǵȫˣ͵סŷܣ˵ɱ˹ŷˡ
˹ԽսԽľһֲõԤС۹ŷ磬ԽսԽͣһͣЪսֲַĹһԶͣЪġ


768 նɱħ
ӵ߼Уɱǵģհһ㡣ȣΪԼ
һ񣬾Բܴ߼Уǿɱ˹Ҳڣħ˸
棬ضˣǳ˾֮ϣндս
ŷսڣѪȾƬգ磬綼ڲŽףԲĶ֣߼оͲһˡ
ŷչϣԽǻɱ
ȻˣҲѪڣѣһըˡǶһۣԿԷеĿ־塣
ŷʵ̫ˣǵ
߼УѾɱˡ
ӿסŷȫҪ飬ŷͷŲâٲгɱ⵽һħɽѹ
ŷ磬ħɽһȭǰĺɳȥ
ɫ䣬ϵļг˿µƣȻŷȭͷˡ
Ҫ֪߼УȻǼǿ֣ҲСȻŽ׵ǿߣԴƣȴҪһĽ׵ĴУл̿֡
˹ҲһĻɫѿħһͷħֱӳҪŷɡ
ŷȭ죬ħֱը飬ʧС
޾ħѪǺӡ
˹ʹԼͨһͣ˿µħѪ죬޾ǳгȻγһɿֲΰŷɱȥ
޾ǳŷûѪ죬γɿµ׽ŷѹС
˹¶һĨЦݣͨŹŷҲܰȻᱻɱġ
Ҳһ˹ˣȻһһħȴֵܣԼֵܵͨǷǳ˽ģȻͨȫУҲԻʹսףһ
˶ЦˣŷˣҲû˺ˡ
ʱǵɫסˣһӰѪǺ߳Ȼż˿ڣȴ
ܣҵͨ㲻ܲӵսףԻ˹һ̣г˾֡
Լǿͨɱŷ磬ֻˣԼĶ֣˹һֵͷߵĳ嶯
úˬǲǣֵˡŷ絭˵ƣ˻һ磬˹
˹ҷ裬ٴδ޾ħҪŷ硣
һжͽͣŷֱӶ޾ħ嵽ǰ˲ǧȭÿһȭܹǬ硣
Ȼ߼УҲסˣں̵ܶʱ֧飬˹ҲҽһըֻԪУ¶ֵ̿ɫ
ˣԪҪԶߡŷЦָһֲ˹ϣҽ˳ȻԪС
˹𣬶һߵ𣬲û˿˵о֣޾ľּҪûˡ
ӣʱΨһ뷨
ʲôֵܱûûʲôԼҪ뷨
ӵʱȴֹŷһȻһ㵹
һʱֹס˽ŲЦŵķأŷ֡߼Ǻôˣùŷ綨ȻǺķ˾޴һġɱŷΨһĻᣬŷһָʱڽӡ
ϵˡ
ŷͻȻ̧ͷϴһĨЦݡ
ʱ֪Լƭˣŷû飬Ҳû飬뻹ܹɱ
תߣһԥûС
ˡ
罣ӹŷüֱӽ𶴴ŷʹ˽һ˲Լ
ǳ鴤һ£¶һĨЦըС
ˣȫŷɱ⡣
ЩǸӦһУһǰûе飬Ǵûйŷôǿġ
е񣬶ŷɱˣеһˡ
˶ãŷ綨Ȼ˳
ȴû뵽ǣŷϢһ󣬾Ȼֱӳ˰ɽŻУһ㶣ǻ
ǸŻеĽأȻħǶѾŽ׵Ĵڣҽȥ
ŷһν룬ǿɡ
ܶ˽Ŀⶢ˰ݵϣһǿ񣬶񣬲ϵĴڣɱеЩ񶼾ãҪв
ֻû̶֣ΪҲ֪ŷ絽ܴܲŻ߳ϾħûǹŷȴǸǿδ
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769 ս
ŷոսǵŻ֮һֲϮŷֱһȭ˳ȥǹɢĿ򷢳˹ȥ¶һ˿ȡ
㹥ң⾹Ȼһ֦ҶïÿһҶ棬·γһС磬Ե쳣졣
ȴϵҹ㣬ﲻӦĵط
Ϊʲôŷѯʡ
¶һĨЦݣԵЩһ˫۾ȴ֮ʣʹо
ŽףǲܴùңӮңǲܵõݺģ˵˼˭ҲΥڣ˼ᶨ
ʵŽ׻ҪǿĶ࣬ȻߣҲ١
ŷ֪ʹԼͶԷһսҲ벻Ķ֡
΢΢üݺԼǰԼȴȡˣڹŷ˵һּ尾
ͻȻһᵽˣµòĻָĿ϶档
Ȼҳϣŷ취öԷΪԼ·ˡ
Ҵ򲻹㡣ŷҡͷ˵һʵ
Ȼħδûһս֮Ǻܿսŷ粻Ըðա
Ҷӻ죬ϿɹŷĻ
ҿԴȥˡŷͻȻ˵ҶӶֹͣҡͻȻ
֪ʲôط
ŷͷѾ֪νҮͻġ
ڴʱŷȴһɾףֱһӨҶղĵطǸطһƬޡ
Ͳһ㣬ŷͱˣŭʣ㱳ˣ
ұΪѾˣݺҵˣû뵽ȻţȻ֪ҾͲֻҪ磬еһжҵˡ𶯣˱ĴЦ
ŷҲˣһղſҳԼˣʵѾˣҡͷҡͷٶ룬ֱӳˡ
䡣
̺֮һֲֿŷһ֦ԺһѪڣһˡ
ֻء
ŷȣֻأסǬѪնһУϡһ֮ӿŷ顣
̺һеķȻߣ޷κҡЦšȻδܹߣҪ˺Ҳ̫ܣӵϹŴʲôʱ򣬶Ա
̺ϵһбԴ򣬼κι
𣿡ŷЦ
ϢͻȻˣԽ֮⣬֮ϣŷֱӺһȭ
ļ֦ⱻ飬ŵĴǰһС
֮⣬ҪѣôܣϹŴ񣬶δܹѣ㲻ֻһѡֵĴС
еķ˺ǹŷȴҪѳȥ֮ϣķκδķȫԼȻܹ˺
ûѳȥȴ̺һ˿ѵϢҵУҪɱ㡣󺰣Ƿһŷ緢
ǿŷû𶯣һֲĹȻħɨеա
ŷһԼķԼֲ֮Ĳ࣬ڵĹŷ磬δɱ
˭ɱ˭һءŷЦȻʵڶԷûʲôҪɵˣһпԵֶˡ
𶯣ǧ֦ɨһƬƬҶһ磬ѹ£Ȼŷ綼ɫԼ˼ޣȻһѪ⣬𣬳ְΧ
ȻˣŷҲˣһѪһսȴ˿
֦ײս죬һƬ򶼷ˣȫ磬һжڡ
ŷأ֪Լ޷ӮԷǿ󣬶ӵ֮޾ҪԷܡ
ʱ򣬹ŷüͻȻһƬ磬罣ĳΣʱȻȻڹŷ羪ȵУüķ˳赲ϡ
һ̣֦ȫˣֵĴڱһСȡ
Ǹ˵ͨôܣе˲šԼ֦⣬ȥ罣ȴ޷˺罣ֺ֦һӽ罣ͱˡ
ŷܹо罣ڷš


770 ñ
ĻùŷһǸ˵ͨǸ˲ѵ罣ս
뿪ѯʣ֪ǷһĴЦ
֪ˣԭ쵰ƭô꣬ԭ˰ԭ˰ĻԽԽ΢ʧ
ټȫɿˣ罣ȡ
罣ɵŷüģһǿĸоùŷһ𺳵ĸܣڵ罣˵һͨˣ˵ҹŷо罣߾Ҳˡ
罣ΪԺ֤ϹŴ۷ս֤Ǳ̫ˡħͻȻڣЩ̾
㲻Ǹǿ֤ǸáŷЩ⡣
̲סЦ˳ȴ֤Բٴһ֤ˣ罣ȻͨĳΪһһԤУܹΪϹŴ۷ս罣ĳɾͣҡ
˻һȻŷЩˡħΪһʹϹŴУҲǺպĴڣų޵УֻмϹŴܹħħȴ˵Լ罣ɳ֮󣬲һָ߶ȵϿɡ
ֻӴħ֪жǿǷӡȫĻԺŽδնǬһױɨµ
ڹŷ缤ʱħȴ̲סЦ˵̫磬ҪΪϹŴûô򵥣츳ԲͶ٣Ȼ߾ŽףӦףҪΪϹŴ񣬾Բô򵥵ġ
ŷȻף磬˽ܣΪϹŴмʮ磬δһϹŴ֡
ֲεĴڣԽһУеļޣ֮䣬һ磬ǿ
һЩ콾ȻܹΪ߾Ž׵ĴڣҪΪϹŴҲô򵥣߾Ž׵ǿߣһͻƣѾһִԵˡ
ǶϻϹŻڣȴûͻƵˣǲջʱĳУΪûнԪս࣬Ȼޣջǻߵͷġ
ȻҪҲȴԶʧȥʶϹŴʸЩǿ˵ء
ŷҲԼܷΪϹŴ񣬺ȴֱȥͷԼ츳ܹΪǸεĴڣһţǶԼһֿ϶
Ǻ£һҪһһӡΪʵ̫ˡ鶣ŷ磬ȻŷԼΪĲ죬Щǵȴﲻ׹ŷΪʵѾǹˣٿȥĻҲĻȡ
ڹŷԼҲһ㣬ÿһ֮ǰǽһ磬е˼ޣ֤ûʲô
罣ڹŷüɱ䣬ǵĴһϢûŷУŷ塣
罣ڿ˵һҲ˵һ磬ֻڹŷڣв
Ȼ̫࣬Ƕڹŷ˵ȴźҪ˼
˵Ҫ̫Щ˵壬һ磬вС
ŷ粢û͸ȴЩˡ
ǰǰһƬɵ磬ͬʵʵԪŷȫС
һСݳڹŷУ⾹ȻһεĲݣͨתһʥԣԵüΪùŷһһĸо
֪Ӧþνݣһǣݲû˿ǣֻһҩ
ŷСĽݸժȻԼĿռУǰȥ
һԽʮһƬڹŷС
һƬһ޼ʵĴ󺣣һͷ죬չ죬֮ƣ΢΢һᣬҡֱϾ

ŷ¶һĨϲɫȻǰһͷֻ֪һѣûǣͬղŵһֻһҩ
ֱӳ֣һ磬УǧССһ΢͵ԼĿռС
ԽΪǰƽһˣȻܵ񾳽磬Ҳǰܶಽ
ʮ֮Լкܳʱ䣬ŷ粢ģԼڶʮ֮ڣԿͻƵ񾳽硣
֣ŷҲûбҪֱӳС磬˳ȥ
ٴγ֣ŷѾĸϣݵһʱ䷢ֹŷĳ֣¶һĨϲɫ˹


771 뿪
ݳ˹ŷ¶һĨЦݣŮ˰
̲ס˹ŷһۣƽԼЦٲҿ¾Ҫˡ
ЩҪ鷳ŷ̲µԭ
ˣԼǸɽİɽŻУЩ˼û߳˹
ǿ϶ڹҪݸЩ硣
ҲоˣܶһֱΧΪЩȻԸ⿴һ֣硣
ȫˣǾǿĴڣҲףһ˵һ档
ɱҡݵͷһ⡣
⼸һֱڵģŷ᲻ʲô⣬ϾΪŷµ񣬶ӦŷĴڣ˵ŷĳء
ŷ֣һ֪ԼûΣˡ
ˣҲûˡŷ絭˵ðݻһҪҲû
ŷ˵꣬üͻȻһ֮ʮԶȥ
һҽдһ̣綼ѪѪȾ硣𺳣Щĵܣȫը顣
ˣʣµʮ飬ʮȫŷɱǸ͵סŷĴڣ֮䣬ܹɱǡ
ŷУһĨη
㲻ңѡŷЦ˵ðݵһͬŷ˵ѣ֮ƽȵģӦ֮֡
ǹŷֶκǾԲѶ֣һ㰲ݷǳ
Ҹ׼ǻˣʱΪ񡣡˵Լ׵Ĵ㣬ŷȻ飬ȴǣڰݳŷҲǹŷ硣
ŷ֣Ц˵ˣҼ뿪硣
ʲôһ£û뵽ŷ羹ȻľҪ뿪뵽ݵЩʧ䡣
ϾһŮӲͬЦЦѵ˵Ȼ뽫Ҳ֪ǲܵ飬߰ɡ
ǳѣȻԹŷһĪ㺣ǺܿնһɾȻΪ񣬵Ȼˡ
ŷ翴˰һۣ˺Ѵ֮ϣ뿪
Źŷ뿪ݵɫЩįȻʧӽˣеףǰȴûһ㿪ĵĸо
һ˳ԼŮɫЦ˵ȻãΪʲôأ
ԼŮģһ˽⣬֪Թŷ綯˸顣Ҳһ㶼飬һڣɱû飬ǸŮ˶ϲĸܡ
Ĳ磬ߵĻ˭ס֮䣬ʲôûУҲ䲻ݿЦ˵
ѾˣΨһ񣬵Լ׵ǰֻһЩŮ
̾Ϣһγֻ֪ԼŮļʲôû˵
뿪⼸Ҫǻæ׼ǻ飬޷ԼŮġ
ĵŹŷ뿪ķɣû֪һЩʲôҲʱһ𣬱Ѽ˰ɡ
УһǳըһӰǿϢһƬĳ磬ǰ·ս⶯졣
˲Ǳˣǹŷ磬ݣΪֱӳסһŷһס֪϶Ŀɿڴ
ݣ˼壬ݣܹһֱӳΪ񣬶ŷݣֻһ׵Ϊ
츳ֲı֣ǿ󣬴ʱŷţŽ׵ǿߣ֣񾳽Уû˿ѹ
һЩͽߣҪɱûôˣŷоԵţͽߵ׷ɱи߽֣߳ȻˣŷҲһ˿ӳȥ
Ȼ˵߲٣ʵͨǱޣд·һ㲻
ԹŷҪߣҲ̫ס
ͷ棬ڵʮ۹УȴһˣħŮڹŷǰЦӯӯֱϳŷݡ
ʱħŮǿ󣬾ȻĽףùŷ羪ȣҪ֪֮ǰħŮʱδ񾳽ءͻƣҲ̫һ˰ɣѵеõʲô
ŷȻ¶ˣһסŷ磬ȥһط
ʲôطŷûͬ⣬ЦħŮϵĵطλͨʲôأɲ뽫Լˡ


772 
һŽ磬˵ûʲô̫ΣգҪȥĻһЩСħŮ
ŽһָϹ磬ЩΪڰϵ״̬ġ
ȻֹŽеĹ屦ҲǷǳģѰҵܶΪĶһֹŽ綼ǱյģżŻ򿪣Ѱ
ħŮ˼ǱƿصһŽ硣ҪĻ뽻һЩ
ЩΪʲôԼȥȡĶŷЩɻ
˵һŽ磬Ȼ˽룬ԼȥȡĶõģԷΪе˷ѽ⡣
һϹŴ棬չض꣬һֱûгܿǳˣţŽгΣգûȡеıԲŻ翪ţȡԴħŮ͡
бأȴûа취ȡò˵ǸɺܱǵϹŴʼ治ĻҲôˡ
ŷü£ü˵һֺܲõԤУһεûô򵥣ǲҪ㡣
ڹŷҪȥǸŽʱȴףֹǰȥĪһ
ŷԼĸоΪ֮ĳЩԤ
ħŮɫ΢䣬ԥһ£ǿڣҵõһ˵ָ㣬ҪĶҲ˵ˣֻҪȥͲΣա
ʲôˣŷЩˡ
ħŮЩΪѣȻǲ˵Ǹ˵ݡ
ŷͰһΰɣˣҷǳҪħŮŹŷ֣һӡ
ŷЦãԷʵһȥĻ϶оգкܶûнȻա
ħŮǿĿ⣬ŷ̾ϢһðɣҪһЩ׼
вõԤУȻǰȥó׼ŷ粻ȥ
ʱ䣬ſʱ乻ˡħŮ¶ЦݣµǼ
ŷЩɻ󣬵ʲôֵħŮ
£ҵˡڴʱһ˽߸ˣǸ߽
ԼȻֻףȴŷһΣյĸо֪ǰˣһ츳ܳĺ֡
ħŮһۣԹԵĶһȥˡ
ħŮЦãĿתǸ꣬ɫīѾ˵ˣҶûио㲻Ҫپˡ
ЩͷۣЩʱ򳤵̫ƯҲһٵΪֹħŮԼЩ׷ߣһͷ
īܵЦ˵ûоԺͻиоģҲ㣬һϲҵġ
ţīȴǸʱΪΪףɨһе֣ļˣ˸Ķ֣˵ͬеǿ֮һ
ˣӵкܴģʵī˵ǺܶŮʿеֻȴϲħŮѡ
㻹šħŮЩ
ŷһ߿úЦѣͻȻãʵʿ磬ͷ˵磬Ҳûʲô𣬶׷Ůûʲôͬĵط
īзȵһЦȻĿתŷ磬ЦʧˣЩʵʲôˣҲСߣСԶһ㡣
īһøеĹŷ磬ֱӳˣ˵ĽԼһˣΪ۸ɣ
Ҫǲ뿪أŷ練ʡ
Ӧһȭͷīһȭ˹񾳽ǿ¶š
顣
ȭͷһֱֻץסˣŷûκ˸ƾǿīȭͷ
ܶ࿴Ц˶סˣ˭Ҳû뵽һ
Ȼƾ֮סһȭͷһѵ𣿲Ȼôô̬ı֡
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷЦһ£ԷΣһ㵹ڵϡ
ħŮŷг𾪣û뵽Ŷ೤ʱûŷӱ̬ˣīʵ࣬ħŮҪīܣǷǳס
Ǿһˣڹŷϣһж߲һﵽҪ쵽ʲôز
㵽˭īŹŷ磬һ˲ĬĬţѾµǿߡ
ŷûֻǿ³һ仰
Ǹīѡɫ࣬תߡǿΪīԼǲ뿪ĻԷԲ⽫Լ

ŷҡͷһȻǿ󣬵߲Զûһηģܵپߵġ
Χ˶ЩīǷʲôﶼɡҲ֪Ϊŷ̫ǿˣԲŻīǷһˣ˵Ļ


773 
˾ηŹŷ磬Ƕǿߵľη
뿪ɣȻĻһͻ鷳ˡħŮЦӯӯģȻûнν鷳ϡ
鷳ŷЩɻ
īȻ츳ǿ󣬵Ϊߣһ磬ΪŽף츳ī࣬ˣȻ鷳ħŮ˵
ߡ
ŷ׼뿪һŽ׵֣Բǵ֮˷ʱϾֻʱ׼ǰŽ硣
׼뿪Ǹճȥ㱻˶סˡ
ͷīɫŭڹŷϣԹ
īߣһ˰Ȼף磬ڹŷʣղҵܵܣ
ܵһͷŷԻ
ħŮһЦ˳һ˵ʵ̫ˣⲻֱ˲
ȻҲˣīֻɫһ䣬Щ˵ʹĳϣҲһˣƤӣֻɱ㡣
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ絭˵һƶûУȴһϣ˴Ļ
һ޵еţ鶼ᱻӰ쵽
ޱ飬ȴ˸⣬һָգһս
߰ɡ
ŷ˵һС
˶˵һ֪ǿߴսܶͬϸ졣ڴʱսͬһ㣬ɢɽ⣬ʮɴСֱһŷ˹ȥ
Ǻ޹⣬ϻƣ޾ŷڵĵطû
˶̾ϢΪзǳʵһսأڿŷˣ֮Ĳ̫ˣûа취ֲ
һ׵ĴڣȻҲܴӮһŽ׵ġ
ǳɱٮٮߣ˼֮⣬˭Ҳ˭١
˶Ϊŷ˵ʱĴը飬һӰ˳ƣɱȥ
ɫˣ޸壬˴С˫ֽӡһͷ񻢳˳Ĵײһ
貵Ĺ⻪ûһƬռ䣬ͬʱ˳ȥвɱ
ۡ
屻˺ѣԪХһɱ⣬ɱŷ硣
ŷ㿪ͬʱֻأɱ⵲סѪһȭķȻ顣
Ԫ˻ȥһ˲޸壬磬ֻŷУȴ𾪺Ͳš
ǹŷĶ֣Ȼֻǽ˼ΣóһۡЩľǰ֪ǿߵ˭Ȼǿ
ȻҲĶ֣ȴɱ㡣ڣҪɱĴУĻǰһ𣬽˿ɵС
䡣
һɿֲϢ߾̲ס˳Ǿʵ̫޳ˡŽ׶սһ׵ĴڣȻ߾ʵһҪˡ
̫ˡ
ħŮֱĥ֪ŷʹŷᱩ¶ݣĻ޷ֵסĺɱ
ʹҲɱҡŷɫƽĿڡ
쳣ţɱȥǿ˺ǿգûҪ顣
֮޵СЦеһͭʱŷеĹסˡ
ͭɴСŷ棬ֱ䡣쳣ֲһĻľ˶ãŷˡ
޵УΪߣԶ֪ܹǿʲô磬ȻŽ׵ս죬ҲߵĶ֡
֮䣬һϣȥĻȻս죬ϡ
ŷԻ߾ļУֹԵȴòӦԡҳĶ֣Ҳ˹ķһʹ쳣ֲġ
ŷüķ⣬ɳһѽɴС˹ȥ
Ȼ罣ǳСȴĵס˶ԾĶŹŷ磬û뵽ŷҲӵ
Ǹû뵽罣ʲôֻǴֻ罣һĵز
ܡ
ûиоǺ͹ŷڽֵθоŷʹõĸʲôһһȻסԼеǲǼٵˡ
ȴЩ飬罣סŷɱ˹˫ٴν˺ѣѪ
Ԫˣŷеɱ⣬֪ŷɱ
ŷһȴûзŹĴ㣬ֻأֲ磬ѹԪУֱӽ顣


774 ɱ
һúܶʯһ·Ϊǿļ֮һȴɱˣǸǿߣʲôز
īǵ۾ˣūΧŷ硣
ɱҸ磬㳥īȻΪ˲УԼֳ֮Ĺϵȴǳáֳɱ̣ʱͱˡ
ūǸ߽Ҳŭŷɱ˹
ͬʱ֣ȸղŵ٣ŷȴ⡣ûвŷ硣
ֽͭõУȻֱȥ
ͭ³ǿֱӽɱˡǺ͹ŷ粻һûӲʵһУŷһħŮߣһܡ
ͬʱһǿӰɱ⡣΢΢Ӧһ£׼һ׷ȥ
ʲô·ħŮЩɻ
һһ߾ˡŷû˵ҪŮˣô˾սһߡ
ŷѣħŮ̾쵽Ĵڣһ£˵ȹŷܵĻҪ졣
ߣɵһħŮŷ紫
ҪɵһߣŷЩԾħŮĲɫ֪Էа취߸ɵ
дУħŮĴ£һƫƧ򣬲Զһǣɢȵܣùŷǣ棬Ȼһ
ħŮĴ£ֱӳ˽ȥ˹档
ͬʱһӰҲ֣ʱԥһ£Ȼһֱӳ˽ȥ
ʱ򡣡ħŮ¶һĨϲɫ
˫ֽӡһµķһµķ֣ǸС
϶Ҫɱǣΰ㡣ħŮЦӯӯģָŶԷһӡ
ǸĴΪԼΪߣдȥãȴû뵽Ȼзܹסѽ
ҳ󣬷ĻϷ㲻ˡеǸߴвħŮ
ҪͶҲԡ
ħŮЦתһɱ˲佫Էشŷ𾪣ķв׵Ĵˡ
ߣ߶ףַУˡ
ѵģŷĶħŮҪԼõĻħŮҲʵֲ̫һˡ
ƾ󷨣Ժˡ
ħŮҡͷ߹ŷ磬ǸΪµ󷨣Σյʱ򣬱
ħŮеĸˣŷĺˣ죬ǸץˣΪһߣȴСǲµ򣬲ͣĽش
ܹԤϵҪ˵Ķ೤ʱ䣬ԼҪɱˡ
ҡ˷ŭ
ħŮûпһۣҪĽ߷ˣء
ǲɱңǻڵģҵߣ棬λߣɱңǻΪұġߴͷҲ֪ˡ
һҪħŮ˵
ɱ˰죬һ߱ɱˣùŷ𾪡
ˣ뿪ħŮЦ˵ߵûκӰ졣
뿪ǰ۹أѰһЩҩŷ翪ʼһЩҩ
ħŮҲʧˣ˵ҲҪ׼һЩȻħŮһνŽзǳء
֮ǾͷһŽڵĵط˹ȥ
һٵȴ۹أһƬһŻһȺǿ߰סǿפ㡣
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ŷħŮϽҩǵõ볡ʸ񡣵ҲҪӲػڹŽڵȺ߳һ߾Ž׵ǿߣһƽǸӲǿ߸ɱ֮Ҳûͷˡ
ΪһҩԼʵֵ̫ˡ
ŷ翴߾Ž׵ǿ߶֮ɫЩŹ֣ȡŽеʣ浽Ƕôհ
ŷɫħŮ֪ʲôʶΪŷͣǹŽ̫ǿ˹죬ϹŴ˽֮Ϊᱻѹһ׵ĳ̶ȣŽ̫࣬ǿ֮ϹŴ֣ȻĻʲôʿһģÿһιŽĿ֪Ҫǿߡ
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Ȼֻܹһ׵Ϊţǰ׵ĴڣԲԼĶ֡

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ԷһѪ˳־Ŀ˹ŷһۣתӡ
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𺳵ĶһۣԿԷеĲţֶؾȻǿزһߣɡ
Сһ㣬˹죬뻹иաħŮɫࡣ
ŷͷһ˵ĻΪѹһףЩͬǿ棬һ㶼ģڲһħŮħŮȻǾŷɨҪŷչˡ
ǵʲôŷЩɻûж೤ʱ䣬ժ˲ҩħŮȴЩһȤûУڲͣļʲô
ŷʻħŮԥһ£ǿڵһ䡣
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ħŮҪ飬ҵɱеߡ
ҪʲôħŮû˵ŷҲûʡ
ȻӦħŮæôݶȥġ
һ·ǰУޣڹŷУЩ޸ŷ֮ѾһּޣϹŴʣ˿Ϻ͹ŷ
һ·ǰУȻǿޣŷɱˡ
ʱˣ˲֪Զ¶ҲԽԽŷ翴ħŮһۣϴһĨϲɫ֪Ҫҵڵĵطˡ
ȻŷϣħŮŹŷǰȥһʱ䣬һɽԱߡ
޴ĻɽʱӿҽԵ쳣ֲȻˣҲ⣬˵ľ磬ҽѾ˺ˡ
ֻЩƵǣѾսһһʮˣΧɱһȻûռݾԵϷ磬ҲŲơ
ǳ֮һȺ˱ɫ˳˳ֱ˳֣Ҫŷǻɱ
˽׵ǿߣﱻѹΪһϢҲǿ󣬱һһ׵ļһҪǿ̫ˡ
ŷ粻мЦЦЩһﻹСԼء
ֱӵָָ𣬽˶ǵɳȥȻûը飬Ҳܵ൱ص˺
˺ȻĶһۣǽԿԷеĿ־塣֣ԷһжӲס֪ԼݲˣǼֱ̫ɵˡ
λѣһжᣬ벻Ҫ֡屻ǿ߿ڣȻһĵ˼
ҵʲôᣬɱǣ򲻹ǣ˵ᣬôᡣħŮЦһӶԷ
飬ڱصãԷȻҲ⣬ħŮһ޷ܡ
λѣҪƲԳԷƣǿ˵ᣬѾǸˣҪҪղſڵǸ˵м
ȻǹŷĶ֣ȻùŷЩ


776 Ž
ʮ֣˾ѹƵ龳ĵطȷʵʱϾͬһԵУȻߣҲܶս̫ˡ
ʮΪߵһǷףȻǿ֮
սȻסǶɨһۣһ˺ȵǸ뿪ˣǱɱ㡣
ǷǳǿƣȻսһУ̬Ҳ쳣ǿӲ
һȺ׳աŷͻȻЦһȭ𶯣Ǭתǰֱӱ飬ɱһ
ħŮ¶һĨЦݣͬйŷ޵УٶҲǲˡЩ˽ܣҲܹסŷ磬ǵɱԲǹŷĶ֡
ͻսİ˱ɫǸܵŷ˫սȻ֣Ƕ֡
˶һۣȻȫתܡ
ߵ𣿡ŷЦֺգֱѹУһͣը飬ֱӷ顣
ֱ־Ե޵Уɨͬ޶֡
ȻħŮĿɿڴ֪ŷǿȴû뵽ȻǿزȻϹŴ۷ս׶εʱҲԲŷ磬ǺԾĻذܡ
һȺ߹
ŷЦȻ˹ȥе㲻ðһֱΣա
ԹŷҪ콫꣬Ȼ뿪
ͷǿ󣬸ղűʮǿΧȻûܣʱԹŷ磬ȴֱתӡ
ܸܵŷǿ֪ԼԲǹŷ֡
ŷһ˲䵲ڻǰһְֻͷ徹ȻڿٱСʮ״СŷץС
𺳵һĻʮͬǿߣܲ˻ŷһб㽫ˡսǿı֣ŷһ˿սλ콾
뿪һֺܲõĸоŷħŮ˵֮ǰвõԤУѾħŮ˵ˡ
ħŮȻҲּ֪ǿߵԤУһǷǳ׼ȷģ϶дգȻĿѾﵽȻֱͣ뿪
˻磬ȥʲôˮ׷һ
ħŮҪʲôһ׷Щ棬߸һŮһ޺ӣǹŷȴܹУܵǿ
Σգǣ͸ǳȥħŮȻʶˣʶڹŷĸо˿ɡ
һ㶣ȴһԥûУħŮ˹ȥ
ܿǱ嵽ŻߣﾹȻأ뿪
һĻŮҲ֪鲻ãһֲԤС
Ρϼ֪رԺǿߣһǴȥ̳֣ԪھԲ⣬һҪȥħŮ
ǿԣ⼸Ž׵ļһô죿ȻܹǣֳĶ̫Ļ»Ǳߵע⡣οڣüͷʱѾ쵽˲ԣȻҪ뿪
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𾪵Уŷ˳ȥüĵ罣ն˳һŽ׵ǿնɱȻ˫ݻֻأһݻ˼ޣѹƵֱӽһ˷顣
һѪ֣죬һŽ׵ǿѹŷ̫ͼҶأɱһˡշ֣һסŷһȭ˹ȥԷ飬ڷ
Ž׵ǿߣȻУѹƵ龳磬Ҳ쳣ǿģȴŷ˲ȫɱˣúϼĿɿڴŷֱڿһ
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ŷ󺰣һжͬʱϼипֲıڸգɢǿ
ǳŻһʱܵ˽ɱ
ֵһ߾Ž׵ǿߣһУҪ˶ɱ
ڴʱϼһеıﱬ߾Ž׵Ĺס嫵ֱܱϯ˹ȥ
Ȼ߾Ž׵ǿߣʱҲ̲סɫ˿ȵٳʱ򣬹ŷѾˡ
߾Ž׵ǿ߻׷ǸӦŽҪͨŻʱԼΪһһҪǿ߸˽ȥס˳ڡ
׷ʲô飿ңԶǿУκͺϼɫ԰ףȻҲ֪ԣһιŽ翪һı׼뿪Ȼͼı
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Ϊʲô
ѯʣЩ⡣
ϼ˼۾ͻȻһȵ˵֪ԭˡ
Ŀȫе˺ϼϣɫ΢΢Щ졣


777 Ԫ
Щ˼ĵͷϼ˵˵лԪڵ棬չس⣬ҲµĲĻӦѪŽʿǵľѪ꣬ȥǵ棬ǵ˺ָ
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˵лԪڵǸ棬ΨһһԪΪ֮󷢳սˣȻհˣҲԪѪһԪǿߡħŮڽͣҲ֪֪Щ
˵һ˵ȻԪųϹŴУĴڣɨ£ûж֣ϹŴ֣Ҳδܹս
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ȻϹŴҲ˾һսΪ˼ɲ֡ϾϹŴ˵ΪϹŴ񣬱ϣȻЩǵĺˣȴûбҪΪһĺˣȥ
Ȼһˡŷ̾
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ڴʱһɳԹǺȻ˹ȥȻŲ֪ԶǶ˹Žڵص
Թ죬Ѫⱬ档
ͬʱһɿֲϢ棬綼ڲҪһŭ̺ͬϵϡ
ǿʵӰǱ߹Ž磬գǳǼ˵Ľ£ǿһϢѹš
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һֺƽ٣ʮǿӰŽδ磬˺죬ǴŽ飬ֻȴȲκˣֻгԹѪζǱɫ
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һڣʵ̫ˣǵȻϹŴ񣬶ʧȥЦգɫ£ŹŽ磬޾Ծһսڡ
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˵лԪ⣬ڿȴǻ£Է̫ǿˣϹŴ񾳽ǿߣչֳ޵ս
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һĮʱȴս⣬Ҫս˵еԪԪ͵һͿƸպã˵ľٶסˡ
ʮϹŴһȴ˭ҲûпڣҲ㲻׻ԪҪʲôˡ
ԪѾʧ꣬ǲŻԪӲ֪


778 Ԫ
һӰ˹ǻԪڵǸ߾Ž׵ߣУŽڵĵط󺰵棬ԪѾʧ꣬д˵Ѿˡ
˻һһƳֱ֣ӽȷɳȥ
ȺﶼˣԪǸ쵰Ҳ֪ҹȥԪӵЩϹŴһһ
Ǹ߾Ž׵ǿ߳ϻ̳Ͽ֣֪Լ治ϲϽȥվһߣ˵
һӰ֣һ׷꣬һɫۣ˫֣߳ûκβǱվһȺϹŴ񣬶¶ɵɫ
ǻԪӣʲôĵطֻǽüĿò̵ͬһ˵ǲһĻҲ̫Ӣһˡ
ȻһЩŮʿ¶ֱ࣬ϻԪҲ˵
Ԫ𡣬Ҫͷڹ꣬һսԪӵ磬ںԪȻսܣȴʱҪսԪ
ûЩϹŴ񣬶һֹŹֵĸоΪԪҲǷˣôΪԪϡ
ȻԪûʧô꣬⻹ģҲ벻ˡ
ԪѾˣԪӣ㲻ҪװɵɱǺˣһһ۷ս̲סվ˳ԪӴȵ
δؾҪͻԪӴսֻҪԼʮϹŴƣѹȻԪӣȡһЩôͬʱ
ǲںȴں棬ԪɱôǶûʲôʾĻԺͬǰ̧ͷ
磬ѾԿһˣǸں档

ԪͻȻһƳ˳ȥ򵥶ֱӣǸ۷սɳȥ
۷սŭ쳤Хǳһ˲䶼ȡ˺ܶľֱԪɱ˹ȥ
纣ûȥһ綼һˣҺϹŴ֣סһƬǬ簲Ȼ
ʿȻϹŴʵ̫ڿֲˣԻأܹһ磬Ȼι̵ҲһֻϽ磬ܹڡ
ԪЦ˿ԷУһָԪⱬ飬Ǹ۷ս塣
۷սɫϽˣѾˣܺ嫣ֱӽ˺飬ѪȾƬǿա
˻»ָԼ壬ҲҳˣԪӵдһĨ塣
Ϊ۷սɨƥߣų޵УǴʱȴԵ˰ܹڻԪӵǰֽͬһ˺顣
ǲ࣬ԪԪһս˿˵ͬĴڣִںɨϹŴ޶֣һǺǿߣһ۷ս𣬾ԲǵĶ֡
Ԫҳ֪ûĻұ硣Ԫӵɫƽ˵Ļȴ˶һ
磬ˣĻ
Ԫƽдһ˿յʱ˶ڻɡ
ǻ䣬Ԫӵг˾裬ȻϹŴҲɫ˼ǿӣ˶ɱˣҲ޷ܵ顣
ʱʮϹŴվ˳ԪӶţԪҪĻǾԻ֣ɱԪӡ
һһӡŷ̲ס˵
ʶ˺ܶˣһԲϣҪ¾ˣȴûйԪӼΣա
ʱ˶ϣԪ֣ԪѹĻĻдΣգԪӸ
Ԫӣ㲻Ҫ̫֣û㡣һϹŴȣʲôˣҲ޷顣
ȻϹŴ񣬶֮䣬ܸһ磬Ҳܼ޵ģ࣬ɱĻȻǵĵģ¶ܲסֱ֮ӱԹɱ
²Ҫ˽̵Ԫ𡲻Ҫ޷ֹҡԪЦɱڣΧĴǶܲסʼˡ
ŷħŮǾܣͨ˹ȥ
žǻԪǿƣҲ޷磬ش赲ȻϹŴеٮٮߣҪ٣ҲҪĴۣвܶػ磬ʹԪӣҲ˵硣
ʮϹŴ񵲲סԪӵĻõı
Ȼ㲻ԸԪӵ¶һĨЦϱֲɱ⣬Ҫһ㡣
ʱĻԪӣıˡ


779 Ԫ
ʮϹŴɫǷʮݻһƬ磬ԪУǳ֣˫ǧ磬ת컯ҪԪӻɱ
ԪӳХһ׸գϢ磬ϹŴе£ͨЩ
һ֮סʮϹŴս˸񣬹ܹ
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ʮϹŴɫԼ޵Уʮ˺ȻԪһǶ֣ԪӲԪǴҶ֪飬Ӧս
ǻԪɹ⣬תһйԪɹˡһϹŴϳԪӻʱ
꣬˻Ԫɹ⣬ȻԪһҲδҵĶ֣ϧûгֻ֣Щ˿ˡԪĿЩϹŴֱ
Ҳʡ͵ĵƣȻԪӣʮ˺ȴǽдս˵硣
Ȼһطݻһ磬ȻȫסನżкһϢܹ
쳣ֲһĻһſŴը飬һ𣬳ΪŵһƬϹŴ棬ʵֲ̫ˣȫܹܵġ
Ԫ쳤Хһս˿ѣݣʱն޺ʵ֮䣬֮⣬ǳˣԪɹɨסеĹ
ЩϹŴͨ޵УѹһУȻԪӣҲòԴһᱻɱ
һֲĴս˶ԪʤΪһӣսʮϹŴ񣬶һУ鶼١
ԪսѹʮأҪˣʮϹŴ񣬳ſµѹ
ûܹסʮϹŴ֣ǻԪˣҴһ൱ЩϹŴˣܣһУҪԪȫɱ
һˣһǿˣǼʮһ֣ҪޡȻˣʱҲſµѹԪÿһܹ𶯡
һսǣ˵ģܶ˴ҴǰһĻڴʮλϹŴܹʤ
ŷħŮѾͨûͨȴǳȻһ飬˺ѡ
ԶĴսܺƵƬ棬鶼һִͷĸо
ɱ
ԪӰ׷裬磬ᴩǧ磬ɱ𶯾죬һſŴǼ𣬱ɱ顣
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ڼѪˣ˵뷨սһȻǻԪǿߣҲڸˡ
໥ɱһսĸӼҡ
ʱϹŴ˺ѣѪȾһƬռ䣬ԪҲܣԪɹ⼸α飬ܵΣ˲һˡ
ԵȻǿƣѹЩϹŴ۷սЩ˶һԪӶˣʮϹŴ񾳽ǿߣսһزս˸ʷᡣ
䡣
ǴԾ죬ݻĴ綼һˣããɱ˶һִͷĸо
䡣
ڴʱһ֣ѹһУסǬ
ŷϳʱɴ۾ãȻʱ֣ѵԪδ
Ԫ𡣬ڿϳˡԪҷ裬ŭȡ
һж֣ó˹ȥ
֮ϣͻȻӰɢſֲޱߵϣֱۻӶѿһ϶ͬʱǹͬʩչԪӾнУֱѷ쵱С
ŻԪӵŭѷȴûбպϣɢһֺصϢ粻֪ǿ˶١
Ͻ硣
ж֣ѷӦĵطϽ硣
ֻȻԪӷϽ磬Ҳܹع飬ϾϹŴҪ磬Ƕѵ顣
·ϵһӰڣʮλϹŴ˵
ԪưҪԶϽ𣿡һϹŴ˻һ춼Ԫ֣ҪϹŴϽУ˵֮УԺҲûϹŴˡ
ʶһ֮˶оԼ١
ûϹŴѹƣڳ˵һֻᣬǸǿϲȻ棬ǱϾͷϹŴϹŴڣľǵˡ


780 Ͻ
ϹŴ̫ǿˣ粻ӦôǿߣϽǵԪڣݣɽûֻԼܹܵһһӢΰˣ¡
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ڽϽ磬ȫͬ⣬ǿ̫ˣȻϹŴҲֻһ޵С
Ԫʢʱ򣬺ųƺɨϽ磬ҲûеֵģгǿսȻҲսˣԪʤĲɡ
ǵʵϹŴУ㲻϶Ĵڣ½ǿԳ棬ǵϽ磬ȴδǸʸ
ǲȥϽ磬һǳΣյĵطϹŴҲ䡣
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ŷ翴һַǳϤĸоһ˵֣ʲ˲Ǳˣǻʲ
ȥ磬֪ʲôʱѾϻˣȻԪ֣ҪϹŴ۷ս𶼱ƽϽС
ʮϹŴȻϣԪ֣һɱһ֮Ǳ㶯ҡˡͬʱŷ翴һһ̺ſֲϢһϤĸоϵĴĹ
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ǿߣȻǣҲֿˣЩ˺޺޵ĿԪһۣǸѷС
˶֪Ͻ֮УʲôʣȻЩϹŴ񣬲޷صġ
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ʲͷͬʱ֣Ѱ磬һϹŴ֣ۼɭȻһͷޣΪϹŴ񣬴ʱȴŭס֣ϽС
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֣ϹŴ۷սûһܹӵ־не˺ϣеȴŭ˳֣ȴǱѹ˴ȻӽϽ硣
Ԫʲ֣޵ˣȻܹΪԪĵ֣Ҳסֻɱ
һϹŴ۷ս𱻾нУûһܹӵġ
֮Уȴû˱нٹŷ翴ܶػӰһ˼Ԫƫһˣ򲻻ʲ֣᲻ݵǿߡ
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ӽϹŴ޷½磬ϹŴ֮²ƣϽ֮䡣һԼǿһ
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˾ϳ˵ݣȻƼҵĵһʼ飬ǸϹŴҲԳ۵ǿߡ
ΪλԪ޷½ˣϽӦȻԪսҲԻع顣
ֻĻòٸո˷ߣͬһˮͷϡҪ磬ûеô򵥡
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ͬʱʮ˻ԪڣԪ߾Ž׵ǿ߱ɫܵ˵ɱʱ֪á
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781 
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ʮǿɱȥȻǻԪǿƵɣҲֱ飬˳ԪУǵԴ
һԶϽĻԪӾ쵽Ķʱŭɱ⾹Ȼͻ˷м߱顣
߱ɫֱӶ㵽߻Уо
ΪԪȥϽˣԪֶԸԪӣʹǿҲûа취˼½磬ڿһиеôãȻܽ٣ǻԪֻһɱϽ磬˼ߣ߾Ž׵Ĵڡ
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782 
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Ѿô꣬ôʱĻֶۣ֪˽ܡŷ硢ɫСЩһһǿƣ޵֮ʡ
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784 ʥĽ
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ĽϴˣĿⶢڹŷϣһĨΪŷԲԼĶ֣ǽ֮Ľϴ֪ԼףԷǿԼսʤ
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ŷðȻʥĽܶˣСڣͬһ㣬ȴκ֮ġ
ŷҡͷЦ˵СˣħͷֵҪĻ˵ҪԿˡ
ͷѾĲˣŷɲ뱻˶ϣֱӽͣҰħϡ
Ȼô˵ŲţͲһˣϾڳûһɵӣôԵ飬ôܿ
ŷ翪ʼ˵ɱʥĽܣʾʵ
ֵǫ飬ǸߵķӣҪǿˡЦŷԻȴǷǳǫ顣
˶ˣɫŹ֣ѵͬ˵еһ֮һȡ
һĮҰħʱҲ̲סЩԣҪŷͰ֮䣬ûйϵ
ŷȺһһۣǵĺҲ̫һɡ
Ƚϻģ֮ǳˣȻĻòӲŷħצԼ椵ı£ŷ绹Ƿǳŵġ


786 ǵŮ
Լһӡŷ絭һЦ
ϴǦŷû֮ǰİȴһϣ˲Ц
Źŷ磬ɫоȻһĨΣòĿɿڴѵλ⶯ˡ
˵Ļ²Ҫʧ䣬ŷ緢սˡ
ŷ綼һȣΣȻоǲһ֮ûи顣
ȻվڹŷУҲˣÿһŮˣգϡ档
ҵһط£û˵ֻһ˫ӲͣĶڹŷϣʱʱһĨɬ
һ˳̤Ƴնһˣɾð˿ɫ䣬ͰĿ鲻һΪ˶˵ġ
˲Ǳˣˮ
ŷʱˮɫһһĨŭ뵽˵ŷ˵ĻûȤʮʱȥˣʹˮҲĥŷǾ仰Ĵʵ̫ˡ
ˮ˶վ˳˹ŷͰ
Ϊ˫֮һˮ˵Ǿ֣ˮ֮ĹϵǶã֮֮ԵڻûвΪǲܶԷΪûбʤİա
Ķ֮սǼΪģûбʤİգԸ֡
ŷеˣˮŮݵȻӭһȶûСڵһ˽׵ǿߣǿ֮ǿһŽ׵ս·硣
˵ǿļ֮һʱѣŷǡ
ͬʱӵ˹ɷϣɫ̲ס˺ü
ЩڣԼӦһʱ嶯ȥǹŷ硣ϾŷﲻһˣаǣһڵһȺ
ǵŮ񣬺ûйϵŷһЦȴһɲм
һĻŮ˰ˣεºܣȥվӭӡ
ˮĿ΢΢ЩڹŷϣһҪĳ嶯ûǹŷ磬ȴû뵽Ǳˡ
ʱˮûимЩŭһʵû¡ӭӲӭԼʲôϵбҪֺ
Ҫ֪ԼΪŮͷȴŮԹĶˡ
֪ŷĻһЦˣȻδ֮һǶ
˻һж˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˵ĻǶŷ磬֪ŷҪˡ
ŷվ˵ǰҵļ磬Ƕˡ
Ц˿壬Щ˵ɱҡ
ŷͷϣҪҪĹ磬Ӧñ硣
ݵȣй磬ǵȴܵ˲ĴʲܹΪս¡
ŷ磬ҲһŭɱˣΪ
ͻȻЦЦӰվðǵɫˢһ±ˡ
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߽׻߰˽׵Ĵڣ磬޺ǿĶࡣ
˶սˣǰȴûбʤİա
սһ˶ЩţҲвֻҪƴһһ
Ϊǵĺѣǲ۸ڣΪǿ󣬴ʱ¶һڷٵ꣬˫֣վһʵǵħɽһ㣬ǿԺ
ɫĿͶŷ磬һսǴǺܲҰħŷܹʤһ֣ȴδܹסʣˡ
¿ǲʥĽܣǷǳǿÿһ˶жռĽܵʵǵʵʥĽأȻǵĶ֡
ŷ磬һǲǡ
ŷҡͷҰħһۣ¶һĨЦݣҰ֣һҪˣն⼸һ
˻һһŷǲǲսЩżҪ֪ŷȻǿ󣬵һǿսʤǡ
뿪ڣŷֹסĻԹŷ˵̫һ㣬ܲսȻܻܿΣա
ŷҰħˣִսˣδûʤĻᡣ
þûɱˣҺڴҰħһЦ¶ɭ׵ݣڳ˶һëȻĸо
գĵϡ


787 Ŵ
ҶԹĽһսһվڹŷߣˡ
ǱɫսŷҰħǲģһǾȫһˡ
Ȳ˵ս˺ˣЩ׷ߣ»˺ǡ
ڴʱˮҲվ˳Ű˵֮磬һ
ˮҪһսòһ𣬶ʱ£Ҫ֪еˣҪ֪ˮһ˱Ƚǿˡ
һЦʿ飬մȾη
ˮۼ⻪ҫۣߵŮܵĿ
ŷþòҲ֣⼸СȻǰѾԻ޼֣Ȼģʵ䣬ȴȹŷǴ٣ͬˣʱҲ߳Լ·¡
޼ƺǿʢһл
޼أܹо޼ǿȻĽףһսϢ
޼֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽·ϾȻɱһǿߣ޼ͷȻ֪һԺǱȼǿߣȻֻĽףսɴȡ
Ķ壬ȻȻԷһˣǹŷ˵սⶼǳԶɫѿ
ôһսҰħ˵˸⣬ϣ¶һĨɭȻɱ
ɱϵǿߣ˵еرɱǿһսмĺô
Ҳܹһս񾳽Ҳ˵
ҰħѾﵽ˴ŽףͲһԽ񾳽磬ս
ҲˣЩ˾пá̵һøжûС
⼸ǿгͷ֪ǳʲôĿģڿŷ˶ˣЩԥˡ
һ䣬һ˹ȥ
糬ս֮ϣһƴʵˣҪܵش
ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬ͬһֻĳ˵ײһŵŵŵĺˣͨ죬ŷֻ΢΢ҡһ£Ȼһ֮£С
ǿŷ̾һ䣬ȴͨ죬ùŷڷԼԼԱȲԷȴ˵ǿһ衣
ɱ˲ͷأŷˡ˵
Ҿɱɡ
ŷڲˣδǶԷԷһٵķѣһŭ𡣹ŷ绰һ䣬ֱ֣ɱȥ
û뵽ŷ˵־Ͷֻ֣ܴܲһȭҪסŷĹ
ۡ
ˣһѪʮɫͨ졣
ڳ˶û뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿһб㽫ˣȻ͵Ϯĳɷ֣磬͵ϮʵûжãΪ൱Ҫ͵Ϯܳɹ
ŷ磬еˡˮڣдһ˿ãô˵ҲΪԲź͹ŷϵģŷ޼ɵˣһֱӵĸо
ǵˣαؿȥǿһսŷ絭˵Ȼһ̤¥ǿС
ǶһۣҲȥ
мĶˡҰħһЦȻ𣬳ǿС
޼ܳĬӵˣֻǺƽķǿУȴһֳصѹȸСɣٿն𣬷˾ϣûǿС
Ҳ˹ȥȴûнӽ֪һսԼûʲôϵǵʵ벻ȥ
ǲ٣ΪŷǣΪǿˣŽδмǲһֳ裬һȻ
һȺҪսлһ·ϵ˫正Ϣȥʮ۹طˣ¥ϰ壬۹عӱչصĵط˳ûݣֻԼܹоһӢΰӣǿ
ϣһȺڶţ˶ˣȴ˿·˶ѪڣоУܹ֤һ֮·棬Ϊǿļ˶ԾѾֵˡ
һ˫正һӣһŮ񣬵˭һ·ϵռŮ˶ĿԴ
ôΪգŷǿˡڣдһĨɱ
ôΪᣬŷޱ飬ԡ
һŹŷ磬˵ҵģǶҪ
ˡŷͻȻһЦ¶ɭ׵ݣһɭɭĸо


788 ѹ
ҰħǶɱǿߣҪһ·ߵøԶͬ໥ӡ֤ǷǳбҪġ
ִڶԾ뵹һˣǲ²ɱ˵Ѫλпᵽ˼㡣
ҰħҪܣͬҲҪҰħ˶ͬһ뷨
ס޼飬⣬л罣γɣֲ˼㡣
ˮ棬ԶǶԾ
콾ԼսŷڣûҪȥ֡
þûгԹˣǸʲôһְɡŷ¿գЩˮ
ЩһֱĺٳԶ¿񾳽ѩãӦñȽϺó԰ɡ
˵һŷ񣬼ֱڿһӣҪһǻǵһμˡ
¿յһû˵òᣬֱӳˡããĺһУŷֹŷ磬һֱ䵽
ͬʱҲ֣ƣһ磬ѹ£Ȼ֮ѾһΪֲ
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ʮǶҪˣŷЦָһָⵯ˲仯һ磬ᴩ죬˵Ĺ˻ȥ
ˡ
ŷ絭Ŀڣһµİ
˶̲סһĹ˲мŷıʵ̫ǿˡ
ϣһỹô˵Цƣħǿ˼㣬ֱӳɱɱһ⣬ᴩһС
һûгΪ֮ǰ㽫նˣֶ󡣡ŷ粻мһЦùն˻ָ֮ȫ塣Ϊ֮嶼նˣΪķʣ磬ڹŷ˵ʵ̫ͼˡ
һȭûзֻоԵѹһС
Ҫɱŷ硣ͬʱ¿ճ֣һ֣˸ɭĹâŷ¡
µĺһУŷ綼һֲĸоˣȭ죬飬ٴɱȥ
Ϣƣһ㶣ֻǹŷĲٿأȻҪ
飡
ٴӲһǣٴκɳȥѪٴˡǿҲĿõģǻ˽׵ʿ͹ŷײΣʱ¶Ѿһˡ
¿ɫгһ񽣣һּ±Ϣ쳣ǿ󣬿ԺɱһвߵĴڡ
ŷɫ΢΢أ¿һնҵüĳһѽ˳ȥ¿յеײһ
һ죬Ϊϵ͵ʿʱѪˡ
ȻһЩʱ̲סˣѪڡɫȻ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼܵסһ
ǿóŷüķɳǰѶ̽ԲʲôԼıһıȻܹĿɿڴһִ˹ĸо
޵Уôܵסⲻܡ¿ĲţһȻס߸֪
ŷ磬΢΢ԵЩЦ˵ûʲôǲܵģ֮ǰҲû뵽һ߽׵ˣܹ㲻°ɣ
˻һ¿ճĬû˵ŷĴڱǲģһŴʿȻǿսⲻѧ
ٴιɱȫɻ⣬ûһСŷսڣ˫ȫŷûȥ
ŷûתҲûдֻǺܼ򵥵һȭƾ취򷨲֣սѪڡ
ųһ·ϣΪǿļ֮һȻǿȻŷ綼ŵѪ䣬ȻҲܵһ˺
ͬʱ¿ɱ˹ɨҪŷɱ
罣ɳסŷһȭתǬ߸¿ջˣͬʱ
ŷ쳣ǿƣ쳤ХѪ纣ֲ죬һ¯ʮȥ硣
Ȼ֣Ҳе㵲ס
·磬ȻҲסŷĹɫѿǱ˼Σһ㱻ɱˡ
ŷȾѪԼģҲǵģȻˣȴûб壬Ȼǿƣһֺƾš
ңᡣٴα֮ûгϱֲĲʩչ


789 ɱ
һصڹŷϣеͬˮһкŷһ˲䣬Ȼȥ̲ס
ᣬİ˹ŷ
ʲôŷ磬ˣһסҵᣬҲġЦ⡣
ڴʱЦͻȻסˣŷ壬һ˲ָǹɽϵҲŷˡ
ЦЦһĳ
ŷ֪νᣬʲôӵˣȻǴǴ̫ˡ
ʼû׼һӦֱӽǹˡ
νᣬҲڱ˵ģǶڹŷ˵ˣڶûκá
ⲻܣ̲סŵĶŹŷ磬Ȼ֮°
֤ǴⲻαǴôκңŷ絭˵ͻȻ⣬һմһȭ
һӰɳȥȻڽУʧ
ʲôղʲôˣ·˾˭Ҳû뵽лһǿߣŷֻ֣ϧŷ緢ˣһȭд˳
յˣֻǸвǴ½ھȻ˳磬е㲻ͬѰ
յǸ֯Ȼ˳ˡ
յ֣ʱëȻ뵽ʲôµһ
ŷɨգ˵Ҳʲôƨյҳ֣ˣҽɱ㡣
Щŭʲôƨյû˵ҲǶԷԷȻҪɱŷɱ
ˣֻҪ˼磬Ҫһ𣬳ɭȻɱŷѰԷλá
ӶԷĻУԵóһ֯ĵˣԴˣûбҪɱǸɾ
¿նһۣԿԷеľȣǲûյȴû뵽յȻ˳֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ǿϣղһսѾƾǵʵԲǹŷĶ֣Ҫɱŷ磬Ҫٶһǿߡ
յɱֳ֣ǿϣ
ɱ
˺ܹϣŷ֣˸һƬ纣ŷУɱ⸡֡Ҫŷɱ
ͬʱ¿˫ֽӡһ£նգȻ񱻻УҲᱻкϢܹ˵Ԫ񶼸ˡ
ŷɫδ䣬һ̣Ѫ嫣һƬ棬纣ᴩ磬ʮǶһֲĴգһжΪС
Ӵ֮תɨһƬһӰ֣һУݡ
ֻ˶ܹЩǱʱתҪӴܡ
պնѹ˵ϣǸյɱֱ֣ӱˣڷԪûӳȥ
ͬʱŷָֻأһӰ֣һѪɨ
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ҽУԪһˣֵĿ˹ŷһۣ¿ռԦֱӳ˹ŷķ
ͬʱпһ˲һһӣ֪ԼΣˡŷ罫Ŀֱ˺ѴϣҪ뿪
ûУۿѷҪرգŷͻȻһֻ֣ĴһƬ棬ֱӽ䡣
ֵУŷһ£ɷ飬ʧ硣
ǿȫ𺳣ŹŷڿһԴ߽ףս˸񣬹С
һӰ֣УʮԪһ꣬ȴǿһۣȴɢһɼΪֲϢ
һǿĶ֡ŷһֹסŲɫأʿൽ˼㡣
Ȼղ¿˴սʱ򣬹ŷҲδô࣬Ȼ˵ǿ¿֮ϡ
ܲǸʿڣŷУһĨͺС
Ķ֡ŷƽ˵˻һеʿоһղŻɱĹŷ磬Ȼ˵Լǰ˵Ķ֣ʿ˭
ˣɱ찡ߵһôˡͻȻһһı顣
ʮ֮ǰɱڵڰʮ۹أѾߵ˵ھʮ۹أȴķúܶš
ɱ֮ŷȻҲ˵Ĵһɱ񣬲΢΢һüһ㱾Ѿ߾ˡ
һΪ˺һսֻΪ˸㣬Ͻߵһأ㣬Ըһսɱ񵭵˵дһ˿С


790 
˾ȣɱսмʸ񣿹ŷȻϲɱ񣬵ʱδɳĿɱ
Ұħ޼Ҳ˻Ѫе˵ģҲԼģǲûն֡
ǳǿ˳ȥȻҰħ޼ˣҲûеס
ɱĿȣɱ·𣬺ɨ޵֣Ѿ߾磬һʵҲŽס
ڰˮĴսȻڼɣۼǳȴ쳣ǿƣڣһ㣬ϯ棬ʮҪһ
˲£˼սǲûִڣǷֳһĻףǶûбʤİա
λˣҿŷΪ֮һ޸Ҳǲܵ顣ɱͻȻڣ˵ĻùŷЩĪ
ʿһֻȻĸо֮ǰ֪ΪʲôأȴˣΪҪһߵͣǶŷ硣
쵰ʵ̫ˣȻ˫歶Ūˡ
ǰ˫飬һôôãʵһҪĳ嶯
쵰Ҫɱ
ˣŵ⣬ĿⶢڹŷϣҪһ
ŷЦãѾµɱ˼ԷҪΪˣԲ˵ĻȻ磬Ҳһܶͻ벻Ů
ˮֹͣˣǷ˹Ȼͬʱ֣ɱɱ
䡣
һ죬ͬʱɳȥȴûܵ˺𾪵Ķһۣ֣Ȼ޷ɱһԷʵ̫ǿˡ
ɱûȤ㻹Ǵڵھʮ۹ذɡŷ絭˵ĿģֻΪ˽ԯȳ̫
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ŷֻǿɱһۣʧȥȤϲˣֻϲܵˣ̸ûС
ǻǻȥɡŷ翪ڣص¥ڰˮˣȻһСϱӣùŷЦá
طûٸҹŷ鷳ɱҲ뿪֪ȥ
۵ԼȻȫǶ˵Ҳǲٵ
ΪһУǳá
ôһ˽ܣǵķǵĵ֮һˡ
ֻ᲻ɵãܶ˶ԼзǳԲֻйŷЩƣܹܵĿⶢԼ˵⣬ȻЩɱĻΪ˫歶ϲҪѵŷ硣
˫ȴɫ糣ˮŷҲûȥ鷳ϾǱģʵˮû̫ĹϵȻϲŮˣǻûеҪɱĵز
ŷ磬ҪսľۻὫҪʱ˳һ쳣Ĵ󺺣У˳İ⣬һӣòɫ졣
˳ͷˣҪսŷ磬ΪʲôͷҲΪΪΪŮˣŷ緢ս
һӹɵķǳǿףʱ񷣬Źŷ磬ٷ
顣
һƺգֱϣɳȥը飬Ԫ񶼲һٵˡ
ŷޱ飬ûнκζֻǾȥһּǿѹȸо
̬ȣ˭սú
Źŷ磬ȻвҲΪǺ͹ŷһȣȴʲô㲻ϣԵúͨǹŷĶ֡
˭ҪսŷĿɨˣò˵ͷȻЩҲܹ͹ŷӣȴ˿ûսŷͷ
ֻҪϹӣܹŷܲãҪĻܿȥ鷳
¶ЦݣͲģԹŷڵʵɱı̬߾ϼһȻҪɱһܵ顣
ŷ磬ĵӲСһϳһӣ쳣Ӣü΢һĸо
ߣһӣǱˣ뿪ֻ˭Ҳ벻Ȼôϻ߻һˡ
ŷɫ΢΢һܹоǰ˾ȻҲǷһǷǳǿ֡ŷĬڲ²Էݡ
ŷ粻˵Цŷ磬㲻ǺҪսҵ游游Ѿˣ㻹˵ղĻ𣿡


791 ϧ߽
ϧߣϢͬ쫷һ㣬ϯʮ۹أ˶Щ㶡ŷն°֮Լϧ߱ˣҪɱδĵ
Ҳв˿һͷϧĲһʵȻǿ󣬵ǲսʤ
ϧߣȻһҾɱķ֮ȥɱ㡣ŷɫƽ˵Ļȴ𾪡
Ҫ߻ӶôţȻԷֻǷҲӦ޵еģߺȫһ
Ҫæ𣿡ҰħʵһѪ⡣
޼ҲЩ⶯һ߷һս˵ǼΪһ飬ܹǿһ˿ߵֶΣߵʱ򣬰ո
Ҫһ߹ѣֵһᡣŷ絭˵ûнϧ߷С
ϧߵٵĻŷӣڵʵߵĶ֡
̫ˣ֪ΪʲôҪɱңҸ㣬㲻лὫ˴оȳϧͻȻڣɫȻŷ񣬾ڿһϡ
׳ա
ŷͻȻò鶼һˣһôôûſڱˡ
ϧһɫ˵ֱ֡
һֺֻգƣֲۣŷѹ¡ɹޣڳʿɫǴ˵еֶʵ̫ˡ
Ȼֻϧߵһ쳣ǿֶξˡ
ŷվڵһƬطҪˣԷȻ߾磬Ҳˣ޽ӽ
ŷûг֣Ϊʱ˳ˡ¥ֱһ˳ȥϧ߹飬ָɣǿС
˶ȻԵʮ۹صĹһǿߣȻûϧߵķԵʮ۹صĹȻ˿ֿûУʮ۹صĹûǳǿ󣬿ݣǴʱǿգݲ
˶Կ϶ȻУҲеٮٮߣϢʵ̫ǿʢˡ
սҪʲôϧߵԶԶȻʶʮ۹صĹֻȻգȴûлֵĶֻһǺսĶ֡
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Ը
ŷ绯һһҽд˳˶һ㶣ڰը飬Ԫɢ
˭Ҳû뵽ŷ־Ȼôݣһֱɱųǿ֮һļһУȻ˿ûл֮
ϧ߱ŭΪ۰֮һȴԼǰɱ۾ˡ

ϧŭһһҧˣݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ϻ࣬ҪɱҾͳ֡ŷƽʲô鶼ûзһϧߣеڸա
Էǿս޽ӽߣһǿĶ֣ŷȻҵ
ϧڳˡ
ϳǧٸŮһɴеĲλ֣ջԡǽŷΧסȻͬʱ֣ÿһ˵Ĺ൱һλ߽
ǧٸ߽һ𹥻ȻҲҪ˱ܣӲӡŷȻҲһһ⣬˳ȥ׼һ򣬴
Ǹطƿŷ谭뿪ЩŮİΧȴûзΪʱϧѾɱ˹
˵꣬ΪֶΣŷĮ˵ѾЩŮǻ飬ɱ걻״̬µĴڣΪϧߵĹֶΡ
磬ǿΪ𣬲Ҫ£ɱңܳ֡ϧЦŷӲһͬʱˣȻΪǴʱϧߣȴķǳǿȻŷ綼оѹơ
ߡ
ŷһҲͬǿΪ𣬵ûԵļһȴǴĵߡŷֱٻħϧߵķɱ˹ȥŷҪٽ⡣
ħϧߵһȣ۳һΨĻ꣬ϲʲô࣬ȴۼҪٽȥ
ϧ߽ŷ綪˹ȥ쳣ᣬ֮İһ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷȴܵһɾ޴ΣУֱӺ˳ȥԶǶ仨


792 ׷ɱ
ŷղվǸطϢʧռʱˣûһ㲨
΢о˼飬ʲôĻ䣬Ȼܹռʱ䶼ˡ
û뵽ϾȻֶսڣǿն¡¡죬Ŀ棬ϧߵϣ˾졣
ʱ䣬ҵһеħֻҪˣȻ߾Ž׵ǿߣҲ塣ϧЦ˵
ħʳ˵Ķеʱ˶̲סˡ磬һ䴫˵еħ
ȻϹŴ񣬶ޱȼɵܹħУ˽֣¶ҪͷۣΪһСģ˶ܱɡ
һУðɡŷͻȻЦ˵üĵڷ⣬罣ͣն˳ȥ
ǿĹϧɫ䣬û뵽ŷ羹ȻӵĿֲ
ϧߴǶħ罣ײһ𾪵ħûɹŷ罣ǱʲôסһȻȡ
ܡ
ϧ߾һĲš
ħȻˣǵеת䣬˵УȻϹŴħʱҲҪƣŷΪе㳬ǵĳʶ
Ǵŷֹ
һʱ䣬Ǵùŷ˼зһЩȴûȫͨ
ŷʱħˣϾħȻ£ҲֻǶԱ˵ģͷŵǴŷ粢İܹա
罣ϣһ˿ǴԲſħ
ûʲôǲܵģϧߣն֮ɱ㱾塣ŷ翪ڣɱ⡣
۳һշֱγһ磬ʹϧ߷Ҳ޷ʱơ
ϧ߷ŷӦ֪ãҪշһжͽͣһѪն䣬ϧһµ˿ڡ
еľѪһ˲䱻ħ߲٣ȫ뵶Уûһ˷ѡߵѪħĽ⣬źܴİ
طӡҪ⿪ҪŷΪҪʳ޾Ѫܹ⿪ħӡ
ơ
ϧŭ춯أҪɱ
ܵΣȻֻһǱնˣıͬҪܵһЩ˺

շгֻأѹ£ֻر飬̫ͼٴγͣϧȥ
ϧ߼⣬ڲͣĳڳշĿ˹ŷһۣʲôû˵תߡ
һ˲ϧûŷҲһ⣬׷ȥ
˶Ŀɿڴһ߰ˣȻֻǷҲ㹻ˡҪ֪ȻߵķҲ޽ӽߵսǿ󲻿ɴȣǴʱϧȴǳǱߣ𾪡
Ҳ׷˵Ҫ׷ȥ
ֻ׷һ·̣ͣŷ˵ӰȫʧˣʹǵҲҲŷǵ
޼о˸΢΢Щ˷ܣ֪ԼĶˣԼ͹ŷĽףгɹĿܡ
Թŷڵıֻ֣Ҫܹ߽׶ΣɱԼĸףһǳ׵顣
޼һûͣת뿪
Ҳˣ˶һۣҲû뿪ҲŷϧߵķҲûκαҪ
ˣŷնɱս˫歹ϵ׷ɱһߵķ鴫磬ܶ˲ţյõ֤ʵ֮һĿɿڴ
ˣô͵ˣǻǵһμ
һ飬ǵϣ԰ˣǹŷȴļҲвˣѰҹŷ磬Ҫ͹ŷд裬ɾԼҲΪ˫歵ԭҪŷɱһС
ǴʱŷȷʵˣΪΪֿȵ
Ҿ֪ڸǲסľ绪СǹŷԲзۣڹŷһäĿĳݡ
ŷһȷʵţƣָ㶨Ůˣʵ̫ˣĺֻǸɫơ
Աȹŷ磬ԼһҪԲõĳ嶯
ôܺʹȣҲȥվӡɫЦûʲôÿģֱӽ
ɫɫһڣΣյĿⶢСϣɭɭ˵Ƿ˰ɣ
СνһЦͲģʵ൱ɫӮ


793 Ĩɱ
ھʮ۹أһŮӷ绪һ֮ϣȹ趯˾һ˫ӣ޾գǿ˵޾ǿ֮Ǹˡ
ϧߣɡŮӿڣ𶯵ھʮ۹ء
۹У߲ʲôϡƷϧߣȴȻټʾĲ
һӰ֣ǹŷܹ֣ɱǸϧߵķһģһû˿
ֻʱϧߣǿУգƣΧоĤһ
Ǳ߿϶ԾϹŴϧ󣬽ɾͲ
վСˡϧɫЩӣǰŮˣԷķˣȻһԱĸо
пЦʼǵ͹ŮˣҲԷһִ
һףȴǿˣԼҲʱȻĶ֣ҪңȴҲûôסŮӿڣ˵Ļ˶Ȼ
һףܿ׵˵е̫ˣЩ˼顣
ϧûзԣζţŮ˵Ĳǻԣ˭Ȼս
ܶ˲²⣬ȴҪ죬ֻм֪ŮӵݣɫӣŮӣһǶŮˡ
ɱӵھʮ۹طأؾͷӴǻԣϢ硣ǴʱŮӵȴһĨɬһֻѹǸ˾Ůӡ
ʱգΪԼѾ㹻ǿ󣬵ŮȣȴȻŲԽĲࡣ
ͬʱмӰʣҹǶµأһǿޱȣȫ߾ǿߣ߾Ž׵ĸ
ɱңϧɫ
𣬾棬ô綼ħ֣ħı壬ɢһֲֿϢ߶ľսϧߵг𾪡
ħһУöãɡŮӿڣǿޱȣһֻħУȻ𾪵УŮӽħᡣ
һĻ߾Ž׵ĸǿҲľоţӵħϧߣǶδǶ֣Ůȴ׽ħȥˡ
ֶΣҪϵϹŴˡ
ԯ죬ϧ߱ŭ档
ʱ䣬ҵħûȫ㱻ԷˣŬһȫӰϧ³һѪ
˶ϧߣһҲ̫һˣŬȻһ˲䱻˶ˣֲҪӡ
Ҫɱ㡣ԯ쵭˵
һְֻھʮ۹ضڲҪˣ𾪣ȫ֣ȶھʮ۹أԯ𾪣ڿһ
Ȼ߾Ž׵Ҳδܹ𺦵ھʮ۹صһ˿һԯ쾹Ȼֻ֣һõھʮ۹رˣʲôΪ
ϧɫɷףһϣҽһը
򵥣ֱӣϧĻᶼûУ㱻Ĩɱˡ
˶һĿɿڴľȻɱľҲһĿɿڴȻʲô˵
һȫԽ̫ʱ򣬲ͻɳκԺΪһǡ
ڵԯ죬
ŷ粻񾳽磬֮ϲ׼֡ĿɨЩߣȻһ̤ûǿʧ
𶯣ϧˣһŮ˻ɱĿɿڴҪ֪ǿ߰ϹŴ񣬷˭ܹ׻ɱǾô׵ıһŮĨɱ˵ĸо
仰ھЩߣΪǶһ涨ͬʱҲЩһϢŷԯйϵ
ŷϢʱЩ㶣ȻԯʧˣЩЦãʱȴҲܶ룬֪ԯûܵ˺С
ŷûóȻǰھʮ۹أʮأһرһѹȻսҲҪСӦԣû߾սʮа˾ŶҪ䡣
ŷȻڲ߽ף߾ս˺ܶࡣ
޼ҵ˹ŷ磬ΪṩһЩĵر͵ҩŷΪ˽׵ĳ̶ȣ޼еǻκһˣôĵرڶѾΪˣǹŷȴֻһף񾳽磬˲֪١
ŷԼЩԪʵ̫ˡ


794 ֮
ŷ·Ҫʮ۹أڰ·ϣȴͣһ˫ɨܣŷ˵û뵽νߣȻҲǲͷ¶β֮ɡ
˻һնӿγһɾǿŷѹȥ
ԥֱ罣նһȱڣֱӳ˳ȥ
罣ǰɱһ緭һƽг˳Ǹ˵˳ŷ𾪡
սȻ㡣ŷޱ飬ǰߣ˲Ǳˣǵʮ۹صĹս
ħ㲻ս˵һḬ̃
ǹԼڵʮ۹ؾͶˣĻһֱ͵ڲų֡
ֻҪнŷɱˣȻԯͨҲ֪µ֣Ժս޼ɵ
ƾ㣬ʹħ𣿡ŷЦԷ̰ģȻҪħϹŴ˭õܹʹõġ
Щߣдһ˿ңΪԼԱϾŷ粻Ŵ񾳽磬ܹΪħˣǲΪԼһҪ
ӵ뷨˲ԲŻвգҪɵŷ磬ȡħԯľ棬Ҳв˸ûзִ㡣
սЦٷϻֺգֱѹҪŷɱ
ˣ
罣նͬʱŷʩչսӲһ죬ŷɳȥ
ǳһ˿ѪȻһ뿪
ս𾪣ŷӲһûܵʲô˺ԷŴ߽ףѾ׵Ĵˡ
ȻϧߣԺսʱ򣬶սˣΪûħ֮ǰԲǺսĶ֡
󣬺սһ̤׷ȥ
ǿмײȫŷӳȥˡȻ򲻹ߣʹ罣ȴߡ
һ׷ɱ𾪣˭û뵽ԯ쾯֮󣬾Ȼиŷ綯֡
˶ڲ²⣬ԯ᲻֣ɱս
Ͼ¹أ׼ɾߵˣȥҹŷ鷳
ҲһЩЦһ𣬲̽Ѱʲô
һŮӳ֣ˣǿУһʱ䲻ǿһɲϢһЩǿ߶о
Ϊ۷սˡ˾ʮӰǿУضŮӵȥ·ǸǿޱȣһǺӣǴʱȴ̲סЩ𾪣ǸܵǰŮӵǿ
ҪңԯǺЦȴ£ɨʮǿߣöԷͣĺˡ
ϽдˣҪɱŷ磬㲻ܾһ߿ڣǿޱȣȫǲ
˭ԯ쵭ʵ
ˡһ³һ֣֣ĸ߲У֪Ĵڡ
ԯüͷһЦ˵ͷ¶βĶҲҳˣˡӴƲ񷣬ǿϽĳһڡ
һӴϢĳһϵĴһ㡣
ʲô˸ңǸֲĴڿڣ磬ƴ󣬷ޱߣڲһϹŴϢ
죬㵱Ͻмؽ磬һɱ粻֪콾ɱŷ磬ҽϽ󣬱Ҫն㡣ԯƽȴǿơ
۷ս𣬵ϾǸ磬ȻҪնɱһϹŴڳǶ̲סĿɿڴս
Ͻ磬ŷǹսĮֻԽԽ΢Ͻ֮䱻ϣȻϹŴʵҲֻܹݵĽġ
ԯ¶һĨ̵Цݣû˵ǽĿʮߡ
ЩǸǿߣȫ߾Ž׵Ĵڣ죬Χԯ죬粽á
֪Ϊʲôż𣿡ԯͻȻʵ
Щһ㶣Щԯ˼
Ϊ֪Ǹʲôƨս϶ɱ˹ŷ磬ҵˣϹŴҪûôסԯ¶һĨ˵ЦݣŶڳĸǿǣһ˲ʧ
Ůˣʵ̫һ㡣
Ƕû˵һȴܹܵԯš
ǸңҲҪ۵ģȻԪûϹŴˣȻȲɱǶʮ߾ŽףܹġԯЦݣȴˡ
һְֻ߾ŽڹΧڣȻâһ£߾Ž׵Ĵڱ㱬ˣ


795 նʮ
˲߾Ž׵ĸǿ߱ĨɱڳߣͷţʲôսϹŴҲ˰ɡ
һ׵ʱ򣬱ɿߣ˵ڼΪ۷ս𣬻ʲôӵսԯ绪ʳһ⣬Щǿһֽű
ʶһ⣬Լԯ츳
һһףս׵Ĵڣ۷սһУսĿϹŴǸĴˡ
ˣǲһȺ߾Žףȥɱȥ
һ֡
һߴΪϣ˸ϢһϹŶΪʱûͻƣˡ
ͬʱҲǿһˣ߾Žף֪ͣ˶೤ʱ䣬ʵǿᵽ˼㡣
ӦһӨָͷƣ˿ֲܣֱӵϣ߱飬ɻ
һǿһƬҪߣǿԯ񣬱׶ԷͲŹԼ
ھߣҲʱԯҲǣһԯͻƣȻصĺǣҲᱻѰ
ҲΪ۷ս𣬲ܹùԷ
ԣֻһ·ߣǾɱԯ졣
뵽Щ߾Ž׵ĸǿߣڿʼƴˡһڷģǿߣ³һͭԯѹ¡
һƵĴֲȴľܡ
ͭתһѹǺӣԯУܱҪԯ顣
һ׵ƣӨƣֱ˳ȥͭײһͭǸߺȻУֱͭӱˡ
һѪȴԯ˹ʱ
һֻ£סȫ߲ҽһСһûж೤ʱ䣬˺üλ߾Ž׵ĴڣǾһ⡣
ԯǸоǵͼЦһһԣһ쳣̵Ĵ磬˶У롣
ɱңǾܳȥȫҪ飬ԯ죬ڵϸһڵ㣬۵ɱϣԲһۡ
Щ˶ǵĵˣȻٿԯҲ
Щ߶һۣ֪ԯ죬Ƕǳɱ⣬Ҳûһ˿⣬ʩչֶΣԯɱ˹ȥ
ѪǷ׷ɣиǿΧ򣬻ص֮ǰĲҽСʿͲҿ֪ǿսʸûС
һ֮ڣԯնʮߣϢȥ֮˶һ¡
Թŷֵǣһɫ԰ףңԼûȥǹŷ硣
ȻĻ½ԯеˣһԼġ
ԯɱ˶ʮߣȻȻ뿪ǲȥҹŷ磬˭Ҳ֪
޾ǿУѾǹŷϤˣĺսȻ׷Źŷ磬ɱԽԽ񱩣ǿա
ǲʱĽսȫԹŷİ˽սҲ޷˲佫ŷɱΪŷϡһΣֱսһ㽫ˡ
µ񣬺սҲԼܹɱŷˣһֲõԤУףԼʧȥһλᣬԺûлɱŷ磬Ҳټˡ
ս˵һҪ㡣ŷͷŭЩľˣǴʱȴױеĻ
֪ԼԲɱ˶ԷŷѾȥƴˡ
ûлˣһսĮĿڡ
ڴʱһɫĹսƺһֱըˡŷоһɿֲĲ߰˽ǿߣܹӵеĲ
սȻҲоˣԪ¶𾪵ɫȻֱӻƿռߣһ㶼ԥϵ˼㡣
ŷͣɫ΢΢Щ졣
£㣿ŷ̽ԵʵܵһϤϢȴ벻ħŮʲôʱΪˣһ߰˽׵ǿߡ
ʱһɫӰеɫ԰ףϢ쳣΢ùŷһĳԪ͸֧֮󣬲ŻĽ
£ôˣŷһѱסħŮȻжһЩԪȻûʲôʱ򣬲һ
ߣصҵסǸطǸһﱻˣǶһỹϻħŮڣЩ΢
ŷͷֱħŮס˹ȥ
ֻ뿪ʱ۽ǵ⣬ԼɨһɫӰŷһϤĸоȷϣǵɫӰʧǴûдڹһ
ŷ˼뿪


796 
ȻûйãһɫӰٴλɫ࣬ŭֱأҪٻһ
սֻӳûжԶ㷴Ӧ֪ԼǱƭˡԷһ߰˽׵ĸ֣ܷŹԼֻһͣǸ˲ûôǿֻǲ֪ʲôǷԼΪһ˲Ǹ硣
տʼŵˣûףŻתܵġ
ǿ֮Уһ˶ûУɨһƬ򣬶ûҵŷ磬úսɫࡣ
ûнŷɱ˵˵һǳ飬콾һ𣬽޿赲
Դ˽ף㵲סԼ֪ٴεĹȻÿһιŷ綼ѪҲչʾǿµǱ
ֻҪɹͻƽһףδûսߵʵ
ս쳤ХڸѰңҪҵŷ䡣
ˡһĮ
ս̧ͷһɫȹŮӣ绪תһɿֲϢȻһϹŴĸо
һһֲԤС
ǰסʲộָսǳʶֱ࣬ӺԷǰ
һְֻսֱӱˣڷŮת뿪Ǵûһطһ
սʧд׷ɱŷһƬУԼһŮӣӹһƬһƻɱս
ԯ죬ٴдֻ˶˾ηȻߣᵽ֣Ҳ̲סս
ڿԿ϶ڹŷ񾳽֮ǰûٻ⡣
ŷȻ֪սѾɱ£ϵڵǿźǣԶһ⣬ͶУӴĻµУһСʱʱ䣬ʵȫָ
ŷ翴ĶЩĿɿڴҪ֪ħŮղſ˵˱Դû뵽Ȼôͻָˣʵе㾪ˡ
ұ֮䣬һ棬Ȼֺ֮ȣǽǣԿٲҵġ½͡
ŷͷȻл£³ֵĻڶ뻹ᱻԷ׷ɱأ뵽ŷһҧгݵĸо
зģԼΪﵽ񾳽֮һҪɱ˺ս
һ˹ħŮУȻɫЩŹֵ˵սˡЩȣɫȴҲһ˿Ȼ
ʲô
ŷһȻ۾ʱɴˣЩתҪߡ
ħŮһסŷ磬Цãȥʲô
ˣ϶㡣ŷһ·ȻҲ˵ԯ춨µǸأսֻһֿܣǾԯ֣ɱ˺ս
ҪȥһƬѰԯ졣
ҲġħŮҡͷ˵
ŷһ㶣ƽһ¼¶飬üͷ΢΢ͻȻ뵽һֿܡԯܹҵսɱôҲΨһĿܱԯûд
뵽ŷɫ΢΢Щѿ
ΪʲôԸңŷȻΪԯˣбԭ
ŷûпħŮֹȴɫָƽ
ˣڹҲûߣ鷳ˣ㻹ǼȥɣҪչˡħŮڣȵŷĻشУʼ
ŷҡҡͷЩˣЩ֣벻ס
ɶȥ뿪ŷҵԼľһףȻߵھʮ۹ؿ
뿪֮ħŮɫӣٴγ֡
ĺ𣿡˵ħŮĻ䣬һ
Ҫɳ磬ҾҪˣɳǵļƻûа취ɡ
ʵҵǾã˵ȽϺãԹŷԸһֱĻᷴġ
ǸĬһ£βſڣ֪Ǹˣշ˳ȥǵļƻԲǵļƻƳٵڣһһῴģûʱˡ

ħŮͷ빬УʼǸˣҲһֱûг֣Ǵûгֹһ
յĹŷ磬ʱȴͻȻһתͷɻĿһħŮڵķüͷ΢΢Ȼʲôû˵һʧ
ʮǣŷһ¥ϣеϢƽһһ㶼ۡ
Ȼߵˣ֪Լ߳ԺȵˣȻǹŷ硣
۷׷ף̸۵Ķǹŷ顣
֪е˫һ㱻նɱˣѪǿա˿ڣ˵һϢùŷһ㶡
е˫ǱˣɫСǾȻһ㱻նɱˣ


797 콾
ŷ羲̸ۡ
֮սֻҪûΣգ㲻֣ϾԼѡ·ǲǺų޵𣿺Ǹŷһɨе֣˭ܴǣ˾ȣĲš
ߵЩ۹УɫС֣ĿԿ޵ˡ
ͬˣȻǵĶ֣Ž׵ǿͬʱ֣һ㽫ǻɱǸ˼˵һյӡ
۹УΪ˼ɻģǰǿľ磬۸󱲡ŽףϮɱ飬úܶв
ŷһͬ棬ȥģǶԷ߾磬۸ԼֵܣǾͲˡ
ŽףԷѾȫҪˡ
ʵ˫ϮЩĺǿ󣬾Ȼһû䣬ȫӳȥˣһФһɱһ񡣡
ǰǸɽյģͬޣ˶Էһ֮󣬴ߡ
ҪˣôˣԺҪΪΪֲһˡ
һ϶˲Ը⿴ڳֵ˲Ҫʧ١
ܶ۷׷ף̸δ
󲿷ˣ̫ǿˣ̤磬ˡϹŷԯı֣˼ɵǡ
ԺܶˣԸ⿴еɳĻȻҪвǵĵλ
ҲвΪԯɱǵĸߣԲųֶԸˣ˵˲ҹŷ鷳û˵鷳
̸ۣŷȴվǸ˵ʿ߹ȥöԷһ¡
ŷòʱǸȴǼһȻɫ䡣
㡣һ
ΧʿĿͶŷ磬ʱв˽ŷϳΪΪֿȵļ֮һŷòȻֻ֪һʼû뵽ŷһУһԼԱߡ
ңԼû˵ŷǵĻȻûʲô³
Ҳ˲ʶŷ磬ѯ֣֪ŷ֮һ̲סһ
Ȼˣŷ˾η
˵ģԯһɱߣһֻһĴڣǲǹŷˡ
Щǳ֣ŷ綢ǸʿһָоԷϷǹ⽫ϢݸԼ
һ嵥Ǹ˴ӻͳһֽݸŷ硣
ڳ˶ʶ˲ԣ˲ϢģҲ˵ģǹ߹ŷϢ
㵽˭ŷ綢ǰʿܹܵԷΪףȻνȴҲǿ󣬱һͬʿ١
Ǹʿԥһ£ſ˵СҸЩϢġ
ħŮŷһ㶣Щɻ֪ϵŮӡڲųʲôʱʹˣ
ʿԲ򵥣ǺȣҲֻһ㣬ˣһˡ
үľɲ֪Сع֮СˡǸʿ͡
ŷһ뵽ԪϹŴǰϽʱһĹն
Ȼлɻ󣬲ŷȴ˵ͷ򿪣һۣƲȥ
˶֪磬ҪһƬȷѪ꣬ȷѪԴͷǿǡ
ʮ۹أŷһǿգվɨѰϢǳϤϢСɫġ
к˫ǣµķһûУᴩŽ϶𾪡
Ҫ֪ҪᴩŽ׷ݹȥҪߵľ磬ŷ羹Ȼܹʹʵʵ̫ˡ
ģĻɫСѪȻԶһ
ͬʱŷҲǵļӣǶͷʹĳ棬һɸϢȻǾþûͻƵһ磬ҪŽǿߡ
ߣ
һŷǰĻ飬һ׷ȥ
һƬҵѪ꣬Χм䣬ɫûη壬ֻһĨơ
û뵽ӢңȻطǲİ׳˶ĺӿڣơ
ʱûһ㺩ˣֻһĨΡ
˲ףŽ׵ļһ׷ɱڣѾ;ƿˡ
үҲģҪ֪Ҽﻹ绨죬ҪǵȷүˣˣүҾͿˡͷ꿪ڣֺСϳޡ


798 ˫
Ž׵ߣʱȴЦǶɫЦǲҪǣҪ־͹ԯ죬ɱ̫ˣǱ
ԭǴ򲻹㣬ɱǣǲı𣿡ɫЩ˵
ԯԣûнǰ룬Ϊ֪߲Ըɫǣǿ¾ԯҲû뵽ûгֶԸɫǣȴ˶ԸǣҪնɱɾ
ߣ˭֪ԯֻĹŷںЩˣɱǣԯҲʲôġŽޱ飬ɱɫǵϣ˵ɫ԰ףһ
ɫСһۣԿԷеЦ
˵ԯСͺʶƾǹŷĺֵܣ˳ʲô⣬ԯһֵġ
һȺ׳գ͵ıɡСЦ
ǿеһ˿ϢŽ׵Ĵڣʹ֪ԼҲҪƴһ¡
ߣԯ챨ǣҲˣȥɡһ˿ڣǳָ֣ˣѹǺӣǳ޹⡣

һҽдǸֵŽ׵ǿ屬飬Ԫ񾪿֣ҪȥȴһֻץסȻʹһԪֱӷˡ
ʣµŽ׵ǿһûߣŷɱ˹ȥ

ŷȣɱ緢ֱӱˡ
Ž׵ǿߣɱˣɫСĿɿڴϲ
磬ˡСϲ˵ɫ԰ף΢΢ڲ
һʱ׷ɱɫ˽;ƿˣղûߣΪʵӲˡ
ɴ˿ɼŽ׵׷ɱǶôң鶼ľΪ
ٲĻľҪˣϻ쵰̫ˣүþֶΣûдӵɫֹҲɫ԰ףǿ־֧ţѾιȥˣŷɭȻ˵ǷģȺһһùͻƵ񾳽磬ȫ
óҩݸɫˡⶼЩŷõĵҩԲ˵ԪʺɫǴʱ
ɫµҩȻУʼ
Ӵľûǵ壬ǵϢڸգ״ڿٵĻָ
ʱ֮վһ磬ϵϢǿȻͻƵ߽ס
˼֮ͻƣһΡ
ǵ츳սҲӲŽǿߵ׷ɱǾԲڸңӵʱһЩ
ŷĻֱ֮ӱ죬һ̫ˡ
еڣﵽ߽ףѾһֲСĳɾˡУҲǶˡ
ϾЩν͹ŷǵͬˣʵͣ󶼼ˣǧˣҲǵͬˡ
Ȼǲܺ͹ŷȣ콾ܹȹŷ绹Ҫ̬ļһԲ࣬޽С
ٶȱȹŷģͬսûйŷǿͬսǿģٶϣδرȵùŷ硣
粻ҪȣǱֻ̬һˡС̲סֹǰԼ͹ŷһ£ȴһͷûˡ
ɫҲһǰŽŷѹأ׾ˡŷ糬Խ̫Զˣ֮䣬ûпɱԡ
ܹ׷ɱ·µŵŽףڹŷУľֽһ⻹ôȣֱɡ
ЩˣעӵϷɣھߣֻӡ
ŷǰˣڸǣȻҪ̤Ͼߣɾ۷ǿߡ

һɫԴ棬Сһֱ˹ȥԴɼһ
СֱӵûŷĿԼתСϽ˵磬һ˵λá
ŷҲҪСһµģСĻ֮ɫ֣˵ͷûм֡
ҪıһȺѵİΣĶԷһߣϾǶʧһ˵һ޴ʧ
С˫㣬𶯣죬ɻ˳֣껮裬֣ȻСʱ򷢳
ùŷ綼ˣʱգС֮ȻѾˣȻ˵ġ
ιСһѪ˳΢΢Щήңȴпֲķת̺޾
Ѿ֪ǵ䣬СڣȻΪܵ˺һȴʢˡ
΢΢ת㽫޸Ȼǰȥ
ŷɫ˽лĹʧ


799 ֻع
һȾѪӰվһСǳ棬ɫ˲ʣҷɢħ졣˲Ǳˣڡ
Լ䣬ǴûԼȻǱϱ׷ɱġ
ԷһȺǶ֣츳ɫǣһȺˣȴԲǶ֡
ͷʵ̫ˣԷһͷ
ܸʮʱ䣬ǶᱻҲڽ¡ں޺޵˵ŭɡ
ϧûлˣеˣҪֻһΪܸߣ˽ףʮλ£׷ɱڡ
˽׵ǿߣѾӳȥˣףУͻƵףսǳɹۡ
ڵģе˲裬һ죬ὫЩˣȫ顣ɫĮȴûһη塣
Цļ磬Ϊ߳ˣܺɨҵɱһֻϡǸЦԼӡ
𣿡
һ𣬰һִָֻȺɫҪӳȥȴԼûа취

ǷһУȻ㻯еĳ
ˡڴЦŷɫǳ֣ʱ֪ԼΣˡ
һ㣬ˣһŵҩȳ˰ɡŷݸһŵҩȻΪȵڵʵָ֮ǳʼȥӪˡ
ǧԡѪʱȴڴЦǰĵȫɱֵǹŷ磬ͬʱ༸ŷ粢Ϥ˱
ڸϽȥɽǣɱ˶ԷˣڶΣˡ˿ڣ£ͨһ֣ȴǿ󣬲ǣŷͬˣȴˡ
һ磬Ϊ˺ѣϵܺãȻܵɽǵİΣ
ûΣա˵СɫЩ̾
ŷǺЦЦ˵Ѿˡ
ӰƿնɽǣǾʮ㣬Ȼȹѹء
Щ׷ɱǵأŷЩȣɽڵʵԶԸЩǿ߲Ŷԡ
ˡɽյɫЩ졣
ŷ羪ȣҲЩȣ׷ɱǵǿߣȻˣѵб˳֣
ǰǣ˵йϵֺɱЩˣҲΪǵļ鷳ڲٴҪȥǡФڣ˫磬ʽɡ
ʱΪӵĿֲˣȻﵽŽףɽǶҪǿ
ŷ翴ò˶ãФӦþҪ񾳽ˡ
Ӧô죿ðΪǣ鷳ѪҲڣʵȻҲŽס
Ķ֣һ֮󣬿ʼʵǿ
֪Щ˵ļȥɱǵĸ֡ŷкһ
һ߾ǿߣ۾һҲЩġ
߾ǿߣܹģʱĹŷȻǿ󣬵Ҳ˽ףûнʱûսߵʵ
£ȥˡŷһ⣬ҲᣬԼΪ񾳽磬ʱУҲԺˣõЩߡ
ŷʧ֮صȻһˣʼ档
ļ壬УһСĴУϽϹŴ򣬵ǿȴ࣬ûиߵĴڡ
һȺ꣬ǵפʱһһȺ˸Ͻ˳ͷһ׵ǿߣһļУɢӲĹ
ֹ
ͷ˺Ҫŷǵݡ
ۡ
һ죬˱飬ŷһƳϽ˺û뵽˾Ȼ˺ֱɱһˣЩ˸벻
ΪĴ壬˭ȻƼҵǵǰҲҪһء
Ǽ壬ˣǰֻһŷ絭˵ʵȥͨǧǿߴгվڹŷǵĶ档
ͷһߣΪһףŷЩ
ŷ磿Ǹ߿ڣЩȷʵ
ˣһȺˣļҵļһֲŵĸоԼΡȻļҲĵһ壬ʵҲмǿߣƽʱû˸鷳
ңɱˣֻһġŷ絭˵һߣҲԵôݲȣɫƽ˫һ˫ͬһ㣬ļϣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ڹŷϣȻܵһ˿ѹ˵ǲ˼ġ


800 ļ
ĬҪһ𣿡ĬЦΪļλȨأߵϱԴʱһСʣ̣Ѿһŭ
Ҫŷն
ļҵĳԱŷ˳ǲҶŷ磬ΪŷΪǸڡ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫֡ĬɫһеѹƲסеŭ
Ǽɵԯ죬Ѿ֣ɱŷˡ
ͬ棬ҲܣɳϱǿߣɱҵֵܣһȻļңͳʧɡ
˻һļ𶯣ǲףŷĵ
Ĭգ۲طҪҵԯټûзԯĴڡ
ԯ첻Ĭһ΢΢Щ̵˵һˣļң

ŷɫ̫ƽˣĬɫһĻŵĸо
û㹻ĵŷ粻ֱ֡
ƾʲô
ĬȻţһҪļңǾԲܵ顣ҲǹŷĶ֣ߣŷҪֵĻȻмɵ
㿴ߵˡŷЦ΢΢һЩ
ΪҲߣɱ˵ֶΣֻΪѡŽ翪ŷ׼һЩֶΣǸʱûϣˡ
ĬһתһԼǧ˾Ȼһɫɷף΢
жˡһŽ׵˿ڣʹࡣ
˻һĬͻȻоһѣθУָоûг̫ãֻ΢΢һ֮䣬ָо㱻ġ
Ĭıˣ÷ǳѿ߶еĶʵǿֲ
Ҳоˣ֪ļֻʣ¼ˣǲˡŷһɫĬ
һ壬һܹģֻʣǼߣļǱˡ
ôĬЩɬŹŷ磬ֱڿһħ˾η
ܼ򵥣Ҫ⳥ϾҵֵûֵһһĵرҪȻǱ뿪ŷ˵Լ׷ɱ˵ʵжʮңһҼҵթȥܹõ㹻ʵŽףӽǹŷĴ㡣
Ĭɫһ䣬ܵҪⲻܡ
ĵرʹĴңҲûж٣Ǹ˹ŷǣ͹˼֮һĻ
ҡ
һΪϵ͵ļʿͻȻһȻ𾪵УֱɢС
˻ǳԵĶҩȻܽ鶼ǿ߶סļ˼ҪˣֶҩǸûа취
Ĭɫ䣬ɫòһ㶼ŷͷ
˸һˣҩԷʱ䣬ǸΪģղǸ˵ΪͣԺܿˣĲĻٹһЩʱ䣬ļҵˣ»һϡŷ˵
˻һļгԱɫˣЩĶż˼ԣ˭Ҳ
Ĭ̾һֱӴһӣһĵرڹŷǰ̺ǿľ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣֱȻɽһ˷һ󷽵ӣĬ۲ѡ
Щļҵİھͱô׵˳ȥ
ŷ磬øļҽⶾˡĬɫ
ŷɴ۾ЩԻʵⶾɵ˰ɡ
˻һĬ۾ɴˣʶԼˣˣұˣķǳѿ
ǵĶѾ⿪ˡһڣһ˽׵ǿߣǴʱȴһµӡ
ĬţĿ˹ŷһۣȻ˵ӽļҲˡ
ĬĻŷϵЦʧˣЦ˵ʶ࣬ߡһȺȥֻ³ĬļҵһȺˣ֪˵Щʲô
ǶȥɡĬһ֡
ЩļӵܶȥͬʱӰ֣Ȼ߾Ž׵ĸߣĬ˵г˹
棬ΪʲôɱǣȻԯ֣ҲδؾĬЩ˵
֮ôϣҪΪԼ洫ȻĻĬԲôЭġ
Ҫŷ硣
⣬ֹԯһǴǿߣǸӦһֲĴڣŹŷˡһ濪ڣɫء
ĬһһǴǿߣ˭


801 ս
ҪˡǸ̾
ϹŴģΪ֣ħΪ壬ǣ̫ˣ¾һЩϹŴҲѣòҪٲȥȻʼ棬Ҳסǡ
ļҵһһĬ䣬Լ˼ŷӦĳһǿƵϹŴӣָԼҪȥˡ
Ĭһ˼ӣļĸߣѾ뿪Ĭص壬ļҷ꣬
ҪֶͨΣܿ
ڶվһɣУֻɣǶȴźܴĵ⡣
һ߶ûУǿˣŽףڹŷУʲô㡣
ֱɣͬʱõһϢԭΪһλ棬ȴһսɱˣսˡ
ϢŷЩԼ棬Ҳһˣǵ鷳٣űɽһǣԺٲˡ
ն˼һߣֲСҪءһɱɳ֮Ϊսնǵߣնĵλ޲ء
ѹвƷḻֻĵرŷֱռˣΪҪЩԶ˵ûôС
ǲ֤ƵĽŷ粻һֻҪĵرܹΪ
ڳ˶ףû˲ˣһҲΪŷ磬ܹӵеģǹŷԭ֮жҪɱˡ
һɣŷǽ֮Ǹɶ˵ֱͳһĵرǳʶ࣬ùŷ綼Щˡ
ҪᣬңһЩЩеˡ
һʮңȫ̤飬ǸС֮⣬ŷ绹һҡλߣǸ߽ߣǵĸѾԯɱˡ
ҲΪԭǲ׷ɱˣҪȱһ
ǺܲмΪŷԼļ壬߻֣Ҫɱŷ硣
һ˵ĳ֣ȴǵ뷨ˡ
˯һ˯ӣһ֣ͽȫը飬𡣹ŷ˱˯˯ͷΪЩ߸Һ˯ϡ
Ȼ˵˯Ѿ۷սľ磬Ϊʮ۷սĴڣȻֻ񾳽磬ҲСơ
Уŷѻ˶Է龳֮ϵʿֱ֮ϴ˶ԷĲر⡣
һɽûҪĵرѡһЩĵرȫŷˡ
֪ŷΪҪӴؾ֧֣ЩĵرǹŷƷ
һж硣ܶСƹŷףŷѾɳˣȻûԯ죬бǿ
֮ͬУŷԵ޵Уֱȵͻƽ񾳽֮󣬶ͺԯһдսߵʵ
һ콾һֱȻˣܶ˸Լ׼Ǻ͹ŷ˷ͻ
Ҳһ֮󣬹ŷʧ˭ҲҲ
һŵϣʱڳȡеӴһХһǳը飬ʧС
һӰǸطѪ죬ڰ׶ƣħ
ڷ裬һ˫춯أᴩУһڲ
񾳽磬˽ϰټĵر֮󣬹ŷͻˣɹ񾳽硣ͬʱħ罣һɱ䣬øǿ
Уԭһ£סŷ
һαչأԹŷôĲͻƵ񾳽磬ǳеĸеÿһϸһ磬ڲͣĲԪŷС
ŷˣһ棬硣
ԺĹŷ磬ҲôĵرˣвԪܹˡ
ŷ΢˼һ£һʧһαչأٻʱ䣬ѾһףŷҪ֤һ£Լûսߵʵ
ǹŷ磬һսԽ׵ǿߣҿɲӦսڵڰʮųǣֱӺԼĻ
ŷٴγˣֱҪսߣȻܸ߽ߵսҲǼΪ˵ġ
˶µˣŷΪͻƵһףȻΪġ
֪ʿϢ˷ܵĳ˹Ҫ֤һ漣
ԯ죬ܹһףսǿߣڵĹŷ磬ܲ˶֪


802 
һǿնߣҲһץһѡ
ڰʮ۹أۼ̫콾
ܶûʸ̤·ʾǲܳ
ʵϣܹߵһˣһţֻҪھʮ۹أҪʶߵǱͻƲȥ
ŷڵڰʮ۹أȴˡ
ûκβȴһεϣɫηȻŽ׵ǿߣҲҿŷ磬ϸܵһִϡ
Ǿǿߵƣɽȴ졣
ǹŷ磿һսһ֣߳ߴޱȣǳǰǳС
һͷǳޣγɵȻΣȴǳҪ
һףһְֻڰʮ۹ض𶯣˴뿪ǳʵ̫ײˣһˡ
ŷɫ䣬һȭǸ֡
ײֲڰʮ۹زҪһ߾սƴǿ˼㡣
ǳײһŷûܵκ˺ǳ޲ҽһƱһѪ
һ׵ǳޣֻǺ͹ŷײһܵˡ
ŭˣˡǳ޴ŭǺӣǻƣŷкȥ
һſŴǳͣѹһС
ŷ磬ָ죬𣬳ɣеǳ
ȻŷͻȻ󣬺ǳһСһȭҳǳ޵šԷҽУɳȥײһſǳ
أܹﵽô˵ĵزҲˡ
ǳŭǿһ׵ǿߣȻܱ׺ɱҲܵش
һֻ޾ǻԾۼŷɱȥ
ŷһȭֱӺǳǿޱȣƣɱǳޡգݺ棬˱ɫ
ǳޱɫܵһױȵƣһס˵壬ȴֱӱˡ
ŷüķ⣬ǳնǳԪնΡ
ǳ޲ûԪգֱָԶ뿪һһ׵ĴڰӣסŷĹ
úܶ˳ԾһףߡǳУԲߣͬеٮٮߣǽȴڹŷУ֪ŷս벻ֹһףͬԼ˵ģ֮£ûĶ֡
ǳ޶ߣŷУȴǰս
棬죬һֺɨµǡ
һսһŽ׵꣬ͷˮɫһ˫о䣬졣
Ǻ
û뵽ҲˣһζһŷΣˡ
Ժ˽׵ʱ򣬸ɱһ߶׵ǿߣŷȻ벻Ķ֡
ۣܶùŷЩ⣬ĳһֵļһȻɱһߡһ߰˽׵ʱѾΪŽ׵Ĵڣսǿ
һǿĵˣǹŷ粢ûüͷֻһơ
һ̤һˮ˳֣ǵأǾӻ棬Ѥõ˼㡣
ǼһĻۼһſС͵ǳг

ŷ̾ȴò
˫ֻأֱӸȥˮײһ𣬽һƬ򣬶һٵˡ
ŷһ΢΢Щ⡣
Ȼǿ󣬱ǳ޲֪˶١
ŷɫͻȻѪȻ˻һ磬ȥ
ǿ󣬲ɵֿǿ󣬺ͷ־һ˲伸Ӧ֮ԼѾֻʣԪˣŷץС
ͣȻɬһЦˡ
û뵽ȻȻôңһֻһ׵˵С
ЩʧǣڹŷɿԪʱûзӦ
˭ܲܣûǿˣֻвܵģΪһսʧȥ˶־Զ޷̤۷塣
ŷ뺣ĶУһмĿ˹ŷһۣ֪ǹŷĻҪʧأΪ޴ˡ
л֡
Թŷл
ŷ֣صڰʮųǣȶѾҲٽκ˵սλذɡ
˻һڽԻȻ
Ȼ֤ŷߣȴûп񫣬ϣмҵս㣬׽ˣЩ˶Թŷо
̫ˣǻûءһ˲غ
ŷ̫ˣ𣿼ȥ˴
һȺ˶Ŵ󺰣ϣŷսȥ


803 ˯
һȺ˻Ȼ˳壬ǽţΪŷǿƣҲҺ˶֡
ֻ侲վһߣʲôû˵
ŷֹͣסŲȻתûжֻ֣Ǵӿ³֣һȺɵơ
˻һ㾲˭û뵽ŷ羹ȻῪˡΪǿߣ˭Գݣû˻ᵱ˵໰ƽ׶Լݡ
ԹŷǣЩղſڵˣһ첱Ӵ֣ȴʲô˵ǲ֪ζ
ģҲ俴Ҵ򶷣ҹŷЦ˵쳣ȻһЩߣҲˡ
ģ˱ǿŷ񣬼ֱҪ˹ŷһ
ŷ磬̫ˣҪԯúùܽһ¡һվ˳Ǹߣ쳣ǿһתǺʧɫ
֪ҵʲô𣿡ŷɫŹ֣ϼһｫԯ쵱Լĳ
˻һһ¶ɫҲҪ֪ŷԯĹϵ
š
ŷЩǸߣ˵ࡣ
˶סˣǸоЩšǿĨɱʮߵԯ죬ȻǹŷӣΪʲôԯҪӹŷˡ
Ȼԯ˵ˣ񾳽֮߾Ϳŷˣ˭Ҳұ֤ɵ˹ŷ磬߽ŷˣԯ첻ɱˡ
ʵУ˵Ѿ޵ˡ
Ǹߣɫһһף֪ΰˡɱŷ磬߽ˣǲܵģԼ£ҲҪΪ忼ǡ
뿪Ҳʵ̫ûˡ뵽ߵɫЩ粻
ϼһ˾͸ϽŷݺݵĵǸһۣתߡ
û˸ŷˣϾߣЩͷӶˣοǡ
һսζŹŷˣɾһףڿԿˡ
ṳ̂ھʮ۹أֱǰأ˵սҵ˯˯ʱû˯΢΢Щ
˸磬ҵһˣڵʵΪˡŷ翪ڱ˵Լ⡣
˯ͷļˡ
˯񣬶Ǿϲʵ̫ˣΪΪǿ۷սȴΪһսǸ磬ʵȻһǿ󣬵۷ʱȣȴĲһ㡣
ЩԼҪˣתޣȴǷͷת޵ķʵ̫ˣصֻأȻ۷սҲ͸ûаٷְٵİա
Ѿϣˣŷĳ֣ȴ⣬ڣڵҪκƵʱˡ
Ҫʲô׼𣿡˯ʵЩվƽˡ
ϾΪ۷սǾ½ȻѶ޷ҡ־
κ׼ѾΪ׼ˡŷЦܵ˯ּҲΪˡ
ͬʱŷҲףԼ˯κãԼһ߶һ۷սǶǶ磬һ¡

˯һչŷҪƽŷóһĵرȻֱһҺ壬ƯڿС
룬ֱ˯˹ȥ
ŹŷĶһûʮŷɫͨ죬ȴ˿飬ֱȥ
ǿߣܵĶǿҪɹȴܵǿߵĹ
Ǿɲ֪ȻʲôڳأȻ벻˯ڻָʵ
һƬԹڣûһУŷΪ˯ˣͷѾðˣȻԹŷڵʵҲоЩǿ
վǳɾҽɣҽ޲ΣȻϹŴµ˺Ҳһ֮ǰŷûи˯ƣȫΪʵûдﵽ񾳽磬Ȼ֪ôƣȴ޷Щơ
ڲһˣŷȻֻһףʵȴ߾ǿߣ㹻ʵһС
ĵرʮİһٷֵİա
Źŷƣ˯ϵϢԽԽǿʢʮ֮˯Хǳ飬һΪС
ŷһʱ䷴Ӧʹýʵֱʹ
ȻˣŷҲɳȥѪһµƣһͱˡ
˯ûиоһȻڿХ
ģЦˣӿˡŷ̲סҪױˣ޴˯ĶУѹŷʱ˯һ㶣¶˼ɫ
ХȻһŷǰ


804 ϻ
ŷֱһ˳ȥ˯ҲûжֻǹŷԼĽȴһˡƵ˼㣬ݺݵĵ˯һۡ
ȿȣղŲ˼Ҳǹġ˯С˵Щ顣
˭ԷսԼκãͲһɱ˱ˣҲ᲻˼˯ȻҲ⡣
ŷУʼָƣСʱ֮󣬹ŷȫָ
ۣ㿴һԴԼǰʱһʶһȭ˳ȥֱڶԷ۾档

ŷ籧ȭͷҽһ˯һ޹ӣûʲôо
һ򶼴۵ļһŷҲЩ˯վŲԿ
ˣúƽˣˡŷû˵תҪߡ
Ҫʲôȥ˯һסŷ硣
Ҫȥھʮ۹أһϢŷ˵ԼĿģԯŮˣֻΪԯ죬Ȼ֪ԯǳ߶޷ԯôҪȥһ¶Է
˯ҡҡͷ㲻ȥˣԯѾˡ
˻һŷһһץס˯ʵ˵ģ
һָ۷ս֮󣬶֮磬רһ£ԯѾˣҡ˯ŵ˵
ƻָ֮Ѿָ֮ǰ۷ΪȻϽеǿߣҲû˸˵ġ
ʮ۷ս𣬸Ѿﵽ۷սļޣϹŴе۷£ǵɨϽ磬ʮ۷ս֣޵С
ȥŷһֲõԤС
Ͻ硣
˯ԥ˵ԯ첻УѾȥϽ硣
ŷһѾµֿܣȴû뵽ĳʵԯûȻȥϽ硣
ѾΪ۷սˣ޷פһԪ̫ǿߣΪһֻҪΪ۷սϹŴ񣬾ͲܳС˯ͣһ
ŷһ˯˵ҲһҪãҾҪϽˣ÷һˡ
ŷһʶ˯Ļе˼ˡ
һļһķ꣬Ҫˡ˯߹ŷһϢ
ǸԳĴڣͽ죬ŷͶԷû뵽ȻС
콩ʬܶһصػߣӦ治ʲôɡŷЩɻʵ
û˵һ̫ˣ˵˯֮ʲôìء
ǿ϶磬ӦҲǰϽˣԪȻ֣ԲκеģܶȻδܹסԪֶΡ˯͵лһֲ²⣬ֹ򣬸ԪеϹŴֶΪģܶӦҲǲߡ
ŷҲ뵽ֿܣû˵ֻ˯𣬸硣
İ˺ͺӣѣܳʲô⡣
ŷ뿪˯˵ͷ˺һռŻȻ̤ȥﳹ׹رգ˯ʧ硣
һ۹أȻ֮ͬǰһﶼǸո콾ŷֵʱ̲סһ¶ݵɫ
ŷǰΪͽ𣿡еӴС󺰣һڴ
ŷ磬˼Ըůѡ
ŷ粻ҪǸɧģʵ˼ұƯˡ
һȺ߰ĺŻùŷһַ۵ĳ嶯һ̤ʧڵһ۹أ˱ֵĵط
ͨΪĽڵ㣬Ȼ鶼ܴ򿪡ǳѪˣһ룬ɡ
ŷ˺ѿռ䣬Ҫ硣
ڴʱ䶸Ȼ֣߳ףɫУǿޱȣֱŷ֣ǿϢһ۹ض˰ߣ֪
ŷŭԷԼ־ͰˣȴҪǣô޹ˣֱûԡȻҲɱˣɱĶĵˣɱ޹˵飬ǾԲġ
Ǹ
ŷӱ䣬𣬷Է
罣һɱն涼롣߱ɫһѪסŷĹҲܣǧڲ
˾Ķһۣŷǿ󳬳ǵ
Ϊ׵ĴڣԿɱŷ磬һ֣ǲ֪ԼףȻǼһ𣬶ǹŷĶ֡
ŷһףԵʵȴԲֹסǶϵˣΪŷһ׵żΪʵǸ磬ڲףڲ׾
𣿿ϧˣǶҪŷɫ䡣


805 ŭ
ֻطʮ׵ǿΧм䣬Ƭתǡ
߱ɫǼ⣬סƬܡȻ˼ɼҪȥ֪Լ͹˹ŷ磬֣ҲĶ֡
ߣˡŷĮ飬ǶԷֻδػôᶨɱ֣ǶԷһ֣˺ܶߣ˼ֱħ죬ϣһȺ

һѪնʮرɫһѪʧɫ޹⣬һǿܣ硣
ѪﵽزһЩҪֲѧڹŷΪ֮չֳ˿ֲܡ
ߴ𣬼⣬⣬˫һС
㾡ȫסѪҲⴴˣǿǵ弸Ҫˡ
ŷֲ̫ˣǵ֪
ŷ֣һУѪѪһУû
ǵը׷顣Ԫ˻ҪӳȥһжͽͣȻ⣬Ǻ͹ŷĲ࣬ʵ̫ˣձ
һĻõһ۹еĿɿڴǱ㻶ȻղǿߵΪ׵Ĵŭǡ
ȻΪ˻ɱŷ磬ųֵģ޶ǣ޹ˣȴ˵ķŭ
ڹŷɱǣ˴кãʹ졣
ΪߣǶһ콾ʲôʱܹһ㡣
ŷɱߣֱ˺ѿռ䣬ص硣
ʮʱûлı仯˵б仯ĻǾǳ˲ٵǿϢ
ŷһ֣㱻˸ӦһȺ˷˹һȺɫеǿߣǸ񾳽磬Ϊ׵һˣȻŽ׵ǿߡ
ŷһʲôʱǿˣŽף³Үͻ֮⣬ûǵĶ֣⻹һȺˣرǿ
˭ŷü֪ж뷢˱ʣһȺˣʲôƲӣǵˡ
ǺˣԷҲʣһȻɱڹŷϡ
ȻŽ׵ʿ˹ŷľ磬Ҫѹˡ
䣡
ŷϱӿֲϢһΣڶԷȻУһץסĲӣȻĶŵŽ׵ʿöԷɫ
˲ŵĶŹŷ磬һһ׵ʿŽ׵ͳ죬ǰ˵УȻ֮ûУһֲõԤС
شҵ⣬ŷ飬˭ỳɣʿش⣬һ̱Ĳӡ
˵¡ǸŽ׵ʿϽش¹ŷĻɱ
Ѿоˣǰ˵У̺ſֲȻδ˵Ķ֣Ƕ벻١
һǿߣܹԸģӲȥֻķݡ
磿νٵģŷٴηʡ
һǸŽ׵ʿһ㶼ϾҲһܣϽ˵˵٣ķʹϽļзУһϹŴ뿪Ͻ緢ʣشƸı䣬ήˡ
𣿡ŷʡ
Уˣˡˡһˣһλˣֱ𹥴һ硣ʿʵһ㶼
Ǻˣŷеʵ̫ӴˣĲӵ֣ⶼܹɱһ
ʿ¹ŷһˣͱɱˣʱʲôˡ
ǰʲôҳϣʲôڲ٣ӵһߡ
ˣȥˡŷ絭˵
ǸʿӦҪڵоһǿԼڣֱӱˡ
ͬʱŷ绯һɱ⣬ʣµļȻ׼ķ˹ȥ
һ˲ʱ䣬ŷ˳䣬ĿһУùŷ۾
һĴУǧˣȴױݻ٣˶ɥһ鶼ˡ
쳤Хɱ죬ͬκˣ˷ɢ
ֲɱ磬ЩսĵطֹͣǺȻΪǳһЩˣڵϣĤһ顣
˾ŵǿϢ߳˹
һֻƾճ֣ͬɽһСƿƣŷ䣬֮ϣ棬ܹȼһС
ŷ⣬𣬳ֻ֣񷶼ˣ紹䣬ûһ硣
ơ
ŷֱӶֻ֣Ҫضϡ
ֵһ浱գһкŷˣ˻ȥ


806 
ɱ
ŷŭȣֱ׷һգɱֻ֡
޾⣬һŭֱֻضϣѪȾ񷣬ͬһѪɫһ㣬¡
ǸǿĴڸˣŭӣ֣һɫ۵ˣз·Żȼա
ɱȣŷ繥ɱ
һƬ罫ŷΧȵϣҪŷ顣һ߾Ž׵ĸߣŷ֪ԼԲĶ֡
޾壬ﵽһ֮󣬹ŷܹ׵һ֣ǿԿסߡ
ħ֣նƻ𺣣ŷ˳ȥ罣üĳͣ죬Էˡ
ŷ˵һߣɫĮûٶ֣ŷоԼ˵Ķ֣ɱ˶Է
Сǲɱ㣬ȻҪΪǵİʯǸ˵ɱ죬ŷ֡
ʽɣһ£ײһһ죬Ǹ߱ˡ
Ĳ֣ʱӵׯˣ̨ϣԺʮ⻷ȱ
ŷһŶ೤ʱ䣬ĲᾹȻΪ˸ߣһ㶼ǰĸߣ쳣ǿơ
Ĳᣬⲻܹܵ顣ǸЦɵ
ĵӰ֣һ壬ǿޱȣǶǸߣŷˡ
һ˿ŷ֣Ҫһ
ŷһͻȻ¶һĨЦǸԳɵơ
˲Ǳˣ죬ڹŷеУ΢΢Ա񣬴ʱŷ𣬶ʱŭ
⣬һ۲ֱӳ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
顣
һ죬쵹ɳȥһŮӣ绪ֳǹֱ֮࣬ͶŷĻĻڲ
Ϲ
༤ĺһû뵽ǿߣȻԼˡղżҪŷ綯֣ǱܵĽˡ
ŷֱӱס࣬ݺݵĴһ£˶ǳһʮ꣬Ǵûй飬˵һʱʵ̫ˡ
ϲλñطꡣĲЦ˵ο
ŷ罻ã˾ñط꣬Ȼˡ
ǣɫȲÿбѾǿܹˣټһŷ磬Ȼǣоѹ
ô꣬ûҵϱҲ̫˰ɡŷЦĵϷĲᣬĲ̲סЦ
˹ŷһ£ҪĲǷŴ£Ӧܵ𾴣ܺ
Ҳٶ̫ˣܳһ츳˵СУ˵ٹЩ꣬Щ֣Ҫһħ죬ŷĿһˣǱˣȻ·
һ˿ĴڣȻҲΪ˸ߣùŷһλõĸо
ĲΪߣԽܣ·һΪͲ̫ߣڹŷ뿪֮ǰûгΪ飬ȻһҪãǺĲֻһȣ̫Զˡ
ǲǣŷɫ·Ȼܹ³˼¶һĨаЦ
·쳣ӢħƣһаԵ
ŷͷĺ⣬ֱ޷ţ·ܹﵽ硣
ָԭΪΪʵͽҵʵȻܹﵽ磬Ⲣûкģһ죬۷壬ҲܹΪϹŴҲ˵·˵̬һֶҮͻĿȳݡ
Ⱥڽ̷ӣŷпЦ뵽еһУףܹﵽԪǸΪͬ·˵ʵҲϹŴ񣬳Ϊݺصǿߡ
˵żҳԱĲһȻ鴫Сһ˳ųǼУΪصĴڣҲǿƵĴڣȻĲ֮ϣҲûбʤİա
ŷվ˳սΪһȻսܣԷҪɱҲǺףǸΪصĴۡ
ɡ
ɫסŷ磬ս˵ΪҲ֪ǸϹպָΪ֮󣬱Ȼն㡣
ǹĻǸɫ΢΢˱䡣Ǳ˵ĻԻᵱһЦǹ˭󽫣۷ս𣬺ɨϽУûеֵǿڣɱϹŴ
ڣǶĻвҵһսȻǽսܣҲкùӳԡ


807 Ϸ
һû˵ת˻ȥ
ɫ΢΢һǿƣϽУҲʲôƲӣһʱĴڣһͷҲܹΪĴˣοԷϹŴ񣬹Ϊǿ֮һ
Ҫʹ򣬲͸ӹŷû˵һ㶼ЩǵˣҲûбҪ
ĿɭȻǿĲ֮ȴֹס˶ֵ
ǰǻܹѹĲǣȴһˣйŷ룬ǵʵѾռƣڿ˵ƾС
ȻҪɱŷǣԲܾˡ
ŷЦһת뿪
һǶŭ죬ȴֻܷһ뿪ȻռƣĲ룬УһƶûС˭ƴŷǲһһ־ͷۡ
Ϊƽ͵Ĳᣬһ
ŷû̻ȥʮûлؼңһֽӵĸоָоùŷ綼оЩ
ΪһףսߣԿߣУΪǿļ֮һǴʱĹŷ磬ȴԼˡ
Ǻ㡣Ǹܵŷ飬ĻУС˵
ŷͷ¶һĨЦݣĨһ˿ĲصԼסȻǸŷڱеʱЩɵۣһ˶ûУñĻϲĹŷ磬һʧĸо
̲ס¶һĨЦݣŷʧӣûмء
ϹҪҪһϲʵԼȥǡС˵Ϊŷ⡣
ŷ۾ʱˣù˵ĺܶԣԼαطҪڼǻȥҵĻ϶ԼŮ˾ϲ
ȻڣֻǴѾ֪һӴ磬ޱߡǳľģʽȴӰŸķչ
һĻ֣Ҳһֿı֡
ŷһ˾һٲ¥ȫһ˾ģϼţ⣬ǻģǳ䣬ǰ硣
Źŷıϵʵ˵ǿģһ·̵ơȻǹŷ뿪йĸǿߣǵʵʵҲ
һĻʵ൱ɹ۵ġ
ɭϣɵǿߣȻ󻷾в̫ػһ¥İȫȴѾ㹻ˡ
ŷʱ嶼ֱˣǾĶŹŷ磬˽䱸˵ϣǸܵһǿѹȵǼ
ȻȴǸ߼Ƹģڽɾ磬ǿߣȻǰЩһﲻֵĻ
Ҫţϰġŷ¶һĨ޺ЦݣֻöԷӽš
ŵĶһۣһڣλǰԤԼ𣿡ƺŷΪǰȻҪŷ粻ҪԴС
ŷҡͷ˵ûԤԼһҪȥ
˻һʱˣ֪˶ˣȻ֪ԼԷȴԥͷųԼϢȻŷ˵ûдʲôطɣȻǿǹҲǿߣȻһЩ񶼲Ķ֣Ȼزɡ
ǹӣŷЩ⡣
үǵĹӣҲ֪˭һȰ㲻Ҫ£ȻĻʹ£ԷҲס㡣ǸȻ˵ڹһַǳǿġ
Ҷӣ컹ûʸ¡ŷʵ˵
Ļȴŭˣŭȵү
ǾȻֱӳˣһŷ˹
ŷЦãĲʶǹģ˵ĶʵŷҲûд㽫ôƾǼԼȻΪԼ˹죬ǸǶ˵ͳ֣ŷ֪˶ϼţĹʹΪЩͣҲá
ָֻ㱻סˣǺȻĶŹŷ磬Ȼû뵽Ȼǿز
ףǰˣһӽǿߣԶԶǡ
ŷԽǵ壬ֱӽ˴Уǰ̨С㿴ǰһĻʱȴǳ򶨣һƽŹŷ磬λȻǿ󣬵Ȱ㻹ǸϽ뿪ȽϺãϣ˭ܹǵġ
ǰ̨Ϊߣ𾳽磬ȴһţùŷ۾һ
ܹܵϵķǣκǿڣԸͷԼ˾ʵ⣬Ƿǳõһ


808 
ķǺʣĹ˾ܹĴ󻷾
ڵ磬е㸴ӣ߲ʱĹ磬˭Ҳ⣬Ĳ͹ǣһֱڿЩߣƾʵǵסǵġ
Ҳûϣʵŵġŷʵ˵ȥˣһֳ󶯾Ͳˡ
ϾҲĹ˾ԼֳЦҲÿ
ţǸǰ̨Щɻ
ŷĵͷ
˭ŷӣҲµģ˭ǰ̨΢΢Щɻʵ
񡣡
һ˵ǰ̨ɫŹ֣Ȼûĵ˹ŷһۣ㻹µģȰ㻹ǿ߰ɡ
ǷǳģΪŷİĽߣʵЩϵԽԽİĽԽԽ࣬вˣżֵ£Ҫע⡣
ǵ³ҵģ󲿷˶⣬ûбģҲǿȥ
ȻǸ̫ãЩ˶һ뿪
šŷ˵
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ҪţĸǸǰ̨ŷ粢ûԼеΣգ̲סЦ˵
ŷǳ棬ָһ˵ʵĸĻ
Ŀ⣬ǰ̨Ŵ֪ͣʲôʱﾹȻĳһ滹һͷĸ쳣ſϡ˶ۣ΢΢Щ㯣Źŷ˭ǰ̨Ȼ֪Լô
øĻҶûпһ̾һӣһɫˣȫǿߡ
ӣΪߣȻһɡ
УȻ鵮ɣȴҲǶһһĺ֡
ǻŷɫ΢΢ЩŹ֡
ҶĻУҲ֮˵㲻˵˵
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ֻѪͷģѪͷǵһμŷɫŹ֣ΪѾֶΣͲǻ顣
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ͻȻһĵӣѪĳѬǲһ˹ȥ
ġҲһ³öݺݵĵŹŷ磬һɱ˵ӡ
ǰĲǻŷһ޹
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뵽ŷɫ
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ŷһ˿мһɾȻҪɱԼվﲻҲ˺Լֺ
һᣬԼϣѾ㿪ˡŷ絭˵ˣĲһС
ȫЦһЩ̵Ŀ˹ŷһۣȻЦңһЦ֪˭
ǰ̨С㣬ҲɫŹ֣ùŷ˵е̫ˣ֪ǰ˵ݵģУһС
Ǳ뵽ϰģȻĻݣһǿһ˾С
Ȼڹ˾ҵ񣬷չĺܴѾչ磬һɵǿߣ˾ϰ࣬ȻǸܣǷǳŵġ
ԽһȣԼΪǸȵˡ
˵ӣҪءŷĻ˵еˣе뷨
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ܣҪ֪ԭ򡣡ŭŭ˵
ĿɨڹŷϣҪһ
ΪҵϹ˵Ȼ˽ŷĻС


809 ǹŷ磿
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˵ϹѹǸ𣿵Ǵ˵ȥһ磬ͲУôһ£
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ȻҲĴ˵ʣҲлȥģֻǵԼˡ
Ϊһ̤磬ϣװ
ǹŷ硣һ£ŷг˾⡣
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Ȼ϶ʲôԱҪŷͷסˡ
ˣûгΪ֮ǰɱǿߣϲʱˣֱӲһֺƽ׶Ρ
Ǹʱ򣬶󶼲ǹŷĶ֣˵ˡ
Կ϶ŷɱԼһָͷܹ
Ը뿪𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
˵תߡһɵ뿪ûʲôʧģֻҪԼ˿ģ˵ǿһɵԼ˾׻ٵԸ⣬Ȼŷǲĵطٵġ
ţˡŷһѱס¥ϵİ칫Уǰװޣȫһŷڰ칫ңҵһһ飬ڹŷĻУһҸӡ
Ϲһγȥҵ𣿡ͻȻʵ
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ԸңҲ֪ΪʲôȥϽ磬ԺҪ棬²סŷЦ
Ͻ絹ǺףϽʵ̫ˣҪҵԯ죬ʵ̫ˡ
ҹŷҪǻŮˣֹԯһˣкܶŮˣǰܽԼһ£ϽгΣգûбҪĻŷ粻ǰ
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ŷһʧӣ̲סοŷ硣
ҵϣǹҵģǵĻ鷳󡣡ŷ˵Լеĵǡ
Щ㶣Ȼû˼ŷҲû˵ֻһĲ²Ļպ磬Ͻ֮Уһ
ЩڵĲģ綼ҪС
ŵĴ֣֮鶼εУǵΪʲô֪˿¾Բ࣬ȻϹŴ񣬲۷壬Ҳ޷֪
´һʱ䣬ŷ㱻ˡ
ѧԺУٻ͵ĿԼǰˣɫĶγˮˡ
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ߴ׳Ѿ˵ˣϹˣ㲻ҪپңҪϹĶ֪ˣˡٻüͷͷ˵
ֻϾĳܺãѶԷ
ϹĶӣߴ׳΢΢һ㶣˵ôôŤ
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ٲߵĻҶ㲻ˡٻû˵һŮӣڵΪ磬Ҳĸ֡
ֵĻ˴ǿߣʱٻҲеİ
С㲻ҪˣĵϸҶѾˣûϹȻĻʮʱ䣬Ϊʲôκһߡߴ׳˵רŲһ½ٻݣŸչ׷ġ
ϾһŮˣʵǾƯһǿƵˣȻ׶Դ
鵽ٻνϹѾʧʮʱ⣬ԼһҪٻŪ֡
Ըߴ׳ĲΣͲ֪ŷ˵ĴڣҲףԼҪ׷ˣôһֲĴڡ
ɣԸǵŮˣ˭Ҳ֪ŷһع飬֪Ů˱׷󣬻ʲôӵ飬ҲɱķҲ˵
Ҳ˵ŷ磬ǹһʱҲٮٮߣΪȻ˽ףܹ֤͵Ĳˣ֪ŷ¼ѷֱ֣һŷ硣
һǹר飬ֻһŮˡ
ǹģбɧԼļ衣


810 
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Ϲȥˣ㲻ҪھˣȻҶ㲻ٻҲЩͷˣȰһﾹȻһ㶼ԾýٻЩˬ
Ҫأ
ٻ̬Ȳãֱӽߴ׳ŭˣɫһĶŽٻһЦӡЩ޼ɵĿⶢڽٻϣ
ģʵ̫ˣܹ˯һϣԸ⡣ߴ׳ɫԵ˵Լ촽¶ıԡ
ٻȻŭЩ˲ٵͽӣ˵ģǵһ뷢ɴ۾һӰڸߴ׳Ȼһֻץס˸ߴ׳Ĳӡ
ȻҾͳȫ㡣
ֱӽߴ׳˳ȥһʧ֪˦ȥˡ
ŷŽٻſԼĻȴٻͶԼĻС
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ǲǽУ𣿡ɫŹ֣ŽٻǣɫдһĨȡ
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˶¶һĨɫ֪кϷˡ
˲Ǳˣǽٻһ׷ߣսһǿߣеˣΪ׷ٻ˹ѧУ
սʲôٻüͷЩǵĿ˹ŷһۣǲսܹ˺ŷ磬ǵĹŷս
ڼʮǰŷܹɱˣȻ˵ˣһŷ紵ԲǿЦ
˭սĿ࣬ò̵ͬһһ˫ͬѵӣڹŷϡ
һʿսĿ⣬Ǿͳܲסˡ
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սŭȻͷ󣬵Ǳɵе㲻ˬˡ
һȭŷ˹ȥŷվŲսһȭǰ
˷ΪŷҪΣˣսΪϣ˭ܹһУ飬ɶҲҪһȭˡ


811 
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ŷվԭرսһȭϣû£ҿսܵ˺ò˵ɴ۾
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ʹʲôսɴ۾һӡ
ŷһǲ⣬أûǿʵʲôҲûá
㣬һȥŷ֣ڸһӬսɫ࣬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬оȻһɱ
ٻüں֮ǰͽιѧУеĸУˣƽʱЩʦǵӦֻ֣û뵽ǣսȻһٵķ
ΪǿߣһЩƢǲ㷢ƢĻǾɵƵΪˡ

սͻȻ֣ȸղŸֱֲӺŷüģȻҪɱˡ
ŷüļһڹѧУһ¡
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ҽйŷ磬Ӧҵ֡ŷ絭˵
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˵Ҫ޵·ˣֻҪΪٽһЩȻ߶Ķ֡
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һЩĴ֪·һʲôӵĵطǸط콾Ҫع飬ֻֿܣһڶֱǳɹ޵еľ磬Żع顣
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սʧǣɫӵĿһ۹ŷͽٻȻȻ̾һתߡ
ǱˣΪԼϣԹŷ磬ûСһ棬ʲôˣܹ̹ȻԵġ
ս뿪ŷŽٻУ԰С·ϣ̬ȴɱһеķգֻһͨͨС£Ե쳣Ψ
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ǣŷŮˣصŷʱһ˼㡣
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ûĵģûˡȸ۾죬ȻڼŮΪǿǴʱҲ̲סˡ
˵˵ǣһˮһ㽫ŷûˡ
ĪСºͽԹĶŹŷ磬һĺӣЦãĪССѾͷͣһӡ
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Ѿ߹ŷ磬ǳȥȥˣǹ˸ţûΣգԹŷҲûеġ
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ŷĻŮɫһ죬ȴûзԵ˼ֱӵ˵ͷʮ겻ҲŷˣһЩЩ׵ҪȻᷴԡ


812 С̶
һϦ񻶣߾ԳʱѾǵˡ
ŷ紩·۷߳һЩܾЩõ鷢ˡ
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Ⱥɣڼȫǿߣȸ콾ǱƽǣҪ׷ǵΪˡ
֪һֲõԤУ˭һŷɫ΢΢Щ
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С̶
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ʲô㣿ŭͥΨһӣƽʱǳ谮ÿ˶СڵԼŮԴ
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Ӱ٣һ죬ǾȻŽ׵ǿߣʱ£ѹԡ
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Ž׵ǿ߲мһЦǸûнŷУһһ׵ĴڣԲǵĶ֡
Ȼ㲻ʶ̧٣ͱˡЦ
һŽ׵ǿֱ֣߳ŷ˹ȥҫۣʮأһɿֲܴľս
УϢ£ЩΪϵ͵˶ͷڵϣϻ̳Ͽ֣һ㡣
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ŷһͬһֻĳһʵͣǸŽ׵ǿС
Ǹ𶯣Ž׵ʿֱӱ飬
ױɱһŽףʣµļ˶ɫ䣬֪ԼǵӲˡ
һ׵ļһսȫԽŽףڹŷǰһԼͬһСĸо
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ŷֺգֱӽȫץ˻ڵսŽ׸ͲѵĻᶼûС
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ȻǵͷҲˣǰǿȥǣǰ˲һףﵽ֮󣬻жôı֣˭Ҳҿ϶
Ӧ磬֪ûŷ֡ŷ˵
ȻǼŽ׵ǿɫ䣬̲ס㡣Ȼ磬ŷ֡


813 
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ȻĲǶס̫ˡ
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ΪʲôҪץҵĶӺͶϱŷʵ
һߵ̸Ͻһ䣺Ҳץˡ
˻һŷ˵ĹâԷһĸŽ׵ǿߣڹŷǰһӤһ
ڹŷע£һһʮĽԼ֪鶼˵˳
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ʥʥУһһҵǣʥǹ磬
ֻǸʱ򣬱㱻췢ˣһ֮£ǵĶ֣㱻סˡ
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һۣĸŽ׵ǿ߶Էеϲɫ
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¶һĨЦݣղץӺͶӣ˼Ѿ͵ʥˣҪҪҵǣҪȥʥС
˻һŷ練Цˡ
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һһ׵СһսȻֱ׷ԼѾµŷˡ
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һܣȻϹŴ񣬵ǲԶˡ
ԣϢ󽫡ͻȻɫ䣬ɫг˿־壬뵽ʲôµһ
˵󽫲Ѿⲻܡľһתܵĳ嶯
ԣ۷սٮٮߣ˯սҲδĶ֣̫ˣ󽫡ֽԼĻƷˣֻһɾɵӶܿ
ŷЩĿһ۹ܹ࣬һųӣɼ󽫣Ƕô͡
㾹Ȼܹʶңʥеϻ쵰û㶯ҵĶӺͽãһָΪ֮һʥ磬ȻϽʥõ쵰úһˡ൭˵һɫ
Ǵ˵е󽫣ǿѪķᣬֻΪŷšʥȻ򣬵ǹûмɵ󽫣ɨ£Ͻǿеٮٮߡ
ֻмˣܹʵѹƹһͷȻʥõȻǼˡ
ڹ۷ʱ򣬾֣Ҳδܹѹƹ࣬·硣ǰ󽫣Ƿס
˵仰ǳԼݣɢǹɰԾµϢһһеĸоվ۷ܹγɵƣʥõ涼ûֲơ
Ǹɫѿû뵽ﾹȻ󽫣ȻΪûлָ󽫣۷սǸĴڣ˭Ҳ˵ãһñָΪˣľʥõˡ
뵽ɬĿڣ֪ˣλھ͹
Ȼ󽫵ͷǰЭˣùŷЩ̾ͷĹ˵ģôȥˣȻ˾ηʹΪ͵ûȡ


814 Ե
СʱʱȥˣһӰ֣һ߾Ž׵Ĵڣлˣŷʱ˻һЩš
ʥʹ˭Ǹ¶ŷ˵г˽䱸ܹܵϴΣϢ
رǹŷ磬һףȴܹв߾Ž׵Ĵڣֱˡ
ɷ򡣡ʥʹЦҪ֪У󽫣
˵ȴ£ˣδضˣҲЩĶȴһЩѵ³֣Ҳѡ
ȴƵ۵ԲԪ׷߸˵˸ʵ̫ǿˡ
ʲô󽫣
Ǹ˵ɤЩˣһ𾪵ӣԲװˣˣ󽫵ǿЩǸʱ߹ߣǷǳġ
뵽ﻹһ󽫵Ϲһ£Щˡ
ϾһߣǺƽʵλʲô𣿡
ץŶӣʲô飿ŷһ⣬ѾеˣǺ͹졣
ʱ˫ĿգȻ˹ȥ
ĶӺӡǸ˸ǾȣŵĿһ۹࣬󽫵ݣȻͱ˷һˣ˵ʲôӵˣ
нŷ޷Ŵˣ˵ŷһϹŴǶỳɡ
ˡ
ʥʹڣǼУº͹ද֣Ҳŷ֣δܹսʤЩˣȴһɱ˹ࡣ
ȵָΪʥþΣˡ
ǸҲԥֱӽԹǵĽ⿪˶ʱ˹ŷʱͬʱ¶Цݡ
ͷӣڻˡϲһٺŷְ֣һ㶼ƺͷӣȻŷ翴һ㶼ϣн磬ŷ䣬ʵǷǳġ
ŷЩƣݺݵĵԼһۣȻһ֣Ƿ˹ڻС
ţˡŷЩ˵
һߵĹ죬ЩСζԼϵûԣȻԼĴڣùⲻˬ
ϰ֣Ҳˡŷ翿ҪסԼϰ֡
顣
һ߳˳ȥֱײһɽ
ϲģԼ趼ס涪ϰҵŷû
ɫڣʲôЦҪסԼź裬ҲҪԷ˭Ϊ龳磬ܹսǿߣԲߵĶ֣ܹһᣬͻϮȥѾǼΪ˲ˡ
ֳɼȹŷ統껹Ҫˡ
ỵ̂ӵǽǸʱûܹвԼŮˡ
Լ裬ǲ֪Լϵĸ״ȥˣĻȻҲԱԼ衣
Թڵı֣ŷǳ⣬ȻĽѾԽɫǣǹŷ绹һ㶼⡣
ڵĻ̫ʺˣǹΪͣǲء
˺գʥǵߣŷ񶼴һ˿˼顣ϾǿڲŻ˼ʮ꣬Ϊ飬ʥãûܳǿߣϽУҲھԵٮٮߣǹŷȴ⡣ʱԼǵʲôӵˡ
Ҳŷ;Բһ꣬սߣһʲôӵĸʶһǲɵôһ¡
壬ŷļ忰졣
һᣬ˵еĿģΪʲô׽ˣȻ뿪磬ұ㲻ƽγֵ顣ŷǿƵ˵㹻ĵ˵ڵĹѾָߵˣǹŷԼҲսߣȻӮǶԷҪӮҲԲס
һΪϹŴʱŻԵò㣬ڵУԿԺˡ
ʥеʿһ¶ŭɫȻڹŷԼоЩ⡣ʥʹɫһ˵ˡ
ǸʥʹɫǳÿȴЦݣȻŭŷ硣
ѰҴԵġǸʥʹڣɫŹֵĿһ۹࣬ùüͷһ壬Ե֣ҲùһϤĸо޾֮ǰǳҪһ
Ժʣնһطɫ̲ס䣺˵Ǹܣǲôܻ֣Ūˡ
ɫ쳣ÿùŷһ֪Ҫд鷳ˡ


815 ֻ
ʥʹҡͷʲô飬Ҳֻ֪֪ͨǸ˵һҪг֡
ˡܿƽ
ŷһͷˮǣľȻѾ˲֪꣬ɺǰһޣǰһӺݻ
ʲôŷüʵ
Զŵڣʵһ˵˵磬ʵһ磬֪ʲôԭķˣ磬طԴ֮أֻأСͣһ
ڵ磬вϹŴ񿪱ٳģǻв٣بűڵģΪٵ硣
Щبűڵ磬ĴƬ
ŷ뵽һ㣬̲סһһͺųޱ޼ˣرϽ磬˵ȻϹŴ񣬶޷ȫ̤ϽееЩΣգܹвϹŴ
ֻأһĻ߹ŷ磬ƿֻأƿһ磬ʱЩϹŴ񣬱ܹ޵У磬ٲ
ֻغɣֻأƹ˥ȻϹŴ񣬶ǳѣ˵ƿֻأƿˡ
Ȼһŷ֪ˣǱĶĻҲܶˣֻؾͲһˡ
ϽֱʣڿѾϹŴ۷սˡ
ȻˣǻԼˣȻǲ
鷳ˣǹŷĵһͷɫǳÿ罫ΪǷǵأ»еǿߡ
һսȻ֣Ҳܵס
Ϊʲôܹ׽磿ǹŷĵ⡣
֮ǰȻܹ׽УҪҵĴۣȻϹŴҪ٣пҪ˵һˡ
ʥü˴޾﷢ʲôʡ
֮ǰʲôӡ磬ȻϹŴ񣬶磬Ԫǳ֣ǸȥˣķӡûԴȪԲŻ鷳ˡ֪һЩΪŷ͡
ŷҲףΪʲôϽϹŴô࣬ȴһ²Ǹйϵ
ܹӡϽ磬ȫʢʱڵħ
ŷ뵽ħ㿪ˣˣ˵ȫʢʱڵһңȫʢʱڵʮңӡϽ磬һٸһ࣬ǲܵġ
˵ףħȻֻһϹŴȻȫʢʱڣƾԼܣܹɱϹŴ񣬵ϾֻһжϹŴ֣ħҲǶ֡
ŷ𺳣ǸʲôȻô
ŷ綼ڻɣǴߵĶǲǴ˵еֻأȻĻǿܡ
ܵŷе뷨ħ̲סЦЦԲֻأֻ֮޷ӡϽ磬ΪұֻһħҲΪǿ󣬵۵ӡɱҲԲǿġ
ŷͷϵǿ̫࣬ҲбȴͻƵ۸ˣָΪ̬Ķ
һϹŴӦ̡ħ߹ŷǸ֣Ϊ϶
̣һİĳƺŷ綼Щͷˡ
̣˵ϹŴʵһϹŴû飬ȴһϹŴһɣӵеԲܹӡϽ磬УҲֻ̲ܹӵ
ħĽͣŷ类𾪵ˡ
һ磬һϹŴԼΣ˵һϹŴһҪ˺飬һϹŴûܹó
ԣӦ˵磬Ͳô
ϹŴ۷սһ𣬿¶һء
Ще㳬Ϊﵽһʱ򣬱ܹˣϹŴȻ󣬵еôѵáڴˡ
ħ˵ŷҲӦһֱжԻʵʱ˲ʮѡ
Ϲô죿ָʥʹǡ
ʥʹеţǲ󽫷ͻʥҲйԸֿ˵ǿߣֱ뿪ȻҲõԵ֪֮벻ܹȾָġ
ȻΪϹŴҲŵ֣֮ȻģҲԲǿġ
ֻǶһֽҵǲɳԼʥʹһˣһǵòֱӷ뿪
֮ʥʹѾˣֻҪǲԼ鷳


816 
ʥʹУﲻʥҲﲻֻҪȫ뿪ǵʵʵҪ뿪Ƿǳ׵һ飬ǲΪʥԺôΣ
뿪ɣպǸֵĻҲ棬ӦܹΪȻһףǿԿ߾ŽףȵΪ߾֮ȻϹŴ񣬵Ǿ޵УǲԼĴ类˵Ļʵһ㡣ŷ絭ĿڣȻ󣬵ȴв
Щߣŷûʲô飬Ȼ˵
ʥʹǵһȻף󽫣ϹҲһΪֲˣȻϹŴڹŷ׶ΣҲ޵ı֣е㳬ǵĳʶˡ
лλˡʥʹһϹȻԼ뿪
طˡʥõҲϾһ󽫵ĳ֣ԭԼʧˡ
뿪ŷɫЩ
˭֪Լ磬ҪΪģ¶ῪģŷȻҲһ
Щƣûᷢ顣
һ֣һȺ˻ص˱Уŷǳ֮ڳ˶һȻ꺮ůڹ죬ǱһԹЩŮ˵Ļ͹ŷһԹûбԼĸ׺ӡ
ùƣһЩˣһͷУץȡܹﵽŷڵľ磬ʹһߣҲ˿塣
ŷ˵ֻص֮ڳŮ˶סˣǸûȻᷢ顣
罫ΪģֱԵġ
ϾʵȻǸûа취еǿߣЩвȱߣǸǶ֡
Ҫٳأ»ָ۷ս𡣡ȴŷסˡ
һֽƣԪǼϻ쵰ãֻҪﵽ۷ս𣬾ͱ뿪磬ȻĻвõ飬Ǵ˸ҵġŷ͵
ڳŮ˶һ㶣Ȼŷг˲ǻΪŷΪԼӽˡ
Щ椶˽Ĺŷ磬ﲻ֪ǵ뷨ʱЩЦã˸ʵ˵˳
˯硣¶ϲɫ˯֮ĹϵǼõģȻĻ˯һŷ磬ϳĹϢ
˯Ϣʱ򣬹Ҳ쳣ϲġ
Ϲһսܶǿ߶ˣϹŴͬݽһ˲֪٣Ϊ˯Ҳһ׶༪ˣϾһսΧʮ۷սʵ̫ˡ
ŷ署˯İͬʱ߹࣬˯ˣѾκˣָ۷սʵѾصϽˡ
Ե÷ǳģԼ˵˼㡣
ŮȻǸν˸磬Ȼǹݣʮ۷սͷҲʵ̫һ㡣
ȺŮ˿ɲǰ֪ɵ椣Ȼ۷սǿϹŴĴڡ
˯ͺˡȸЩ̾˵
һ۷ս磬ûǸǿжûʲôΣա
ˣİְҹ㼸Σ˵ǻˣ㵽ɽһˡٻͻȻڣ˵һϢùŷһ
ʶУֻһǾǳİְ֣Ǹųƿɱ콩ʬĳ衣
ŷоԼڼ٣ȻľѾһּǿľ磬Ǵʱ̲סˡ
廹˼䣿ŷЩʵڳ˶Щ⡣
ǲ֪ŷΪʲôôҲǰĳǳڣδǵĶ֣һ˾ֵùŷˣ
˵ɱֻܹܶ쵽һ⹫һǳ塣ŷѹֲֹ˵
˻һ˶ˡ
边ȻôΪŷԭЩŮˣǱȽ˽ܶģ֪һ콩ʬȻϹŴеĶڣɱܶ
ǳܹɱ콩ʬҲųֶεԭ򣬵ΪԲϹŴ
Ͼһ߾ŽףҪɱһϹŴ񼶱ĴڣҲǲܵģ߾Ž׵ǿߣƳϹŴķǸͲһ
ھȥءŷЩסˡ
ϾҪΪսЩǿʵֲ̫ˣࡢĲ·֣ҲܵסǸʱȻ߱ߣߵ
ϹŴûܹסĳ


817 
ȻɻôסֶεģУǹŷȴҪȥһ档룬Ųõġ
ŷ뿪׺Уֱǰء
ڵĵطǱĵطĹУԹŷڵľ磬ҪĹʵ̫ˡ
ûнȥվǰ
Ϊ֮ڹŷУȥˣֲĵط͸һֲֿϢȻܵһľԲȥ
һƣֻҪϵǿ߽Уһ˲ǡ֪Ⱦǿǿ˶򱶣ǴʱȴѾܹùŷоΣա
ɡ
һǳ衣
ŷǳΣȻԼȥԥֱӳ˽ȥ
ǰһŷһططĹʱĳ裬ĹУ̬Ȼ
ǰĳȣʱĳ˲٣ٱֱֱˣ쳣ɢһֿһеĸо
壬Һÿడ֮󣬹ŷ̲סԹֻһССħʦһˣϹŴǸĴڡ
ǰŷľͣԸ͸оȴһˣܹĸܵǿһԶԶԽǿ
赭һЦҲǹģʵǰҲ֪Լô߹ŷ磬Լովûжá
ǰҲȷʵֻвߵΪΪʲôܶ˵ܹɱ֪
һΣָֻǰļ䣬׽Ц˵
һ۹ŷ磬Ĭ
Ϊʲôŷȥûô̾еɻ󣬳ΪʲôҪУŷȻ²⣬ǻҪ׿˵
ڵľ磬Ҳֻ֪ҪϹŴ۷ս޷פһ˵ĴֱʣҶȻЩҲ޷Ӱ쵽ңڻǰϽ硣迪ڣ˵ԭ
ŷ̾һȻԭ򣬳ǶӣȫһҲζţĴǰﲻæ
ô죿ѵôˣŷЩƵ˵
Ĺ磬Ȼ뿴£У̫ˡŷ粻һƵˣҲԲЩ١
Щǿ߽٣Բ˵ʱǲĽѡ
绹лᣬĵͷҿԽ˻ɱԼ뿪Ͻ硣ҡͷ
İ취ˣͬǲõģɱеǿߣΪĴ𣬵ʱȻϽ磬Ҳȡ
ǿߣȫУǸĻ³ҡ
δûϣϣһսߵĴڡЦ˵
ߣŷһԼڣҲ˿սߣԹŷսҲԲܴӮһߣֻǿѡڵλ˭벻
ǳȻ˵ˣͿ϶һߣǸ˵˭ŷʾ֭û뵽
˳겻ɲ⣬ڹŷĸоУʱĳȻ˿ڹ࣬һֲĴڡ
Ȼ߾Ž׵ĸ֣ŷ𾪣Ȼֲó˵磬λأϳ
ڳΪʲôΪǸ죬ϵһϹŴеٮٮߣٲĲֶܶɱˣڼ˵ʱڣԼŮΪ߾Ž׵ĳ̶ȣһ¡
ŷ磬þòˡЦŴкȻǰһ㣬˷顣
ֻǲ֪Ϊԭ򣬻ʱĳʱĳǰһһ˶˵ķ飬˿ߵ
ʹŷ綼һֳԵĸоǿסָоɫ΢΢Щ̾Ѿóܶ˵ˣɣħŮһջԡ
ɵСӣɱҹŮѾͷܹȾָġ辯ŷ磬һ⣬иһֵǡ
ŷȻע⵽˳ɫ΢΢һ֪ڳϣ뷢ʲô飬Լ˵ӦΪ˲Լ鷳
ֻǹŷ鷳һЦ
ŷӣ֪ŷûȥԼĻ̲סЦһȴû˵ʲôżҵ̫˽⣬ԽǲʲôԽʲôȤеڸղԼ˵Ǿ仰ˡ
ɫ΢΢ЩίָܿƽһĻŷ֪йˣҲһˣûѯʣǽתƵˡ


818 Өɷ
ŷתƻ⣬ѯĹܹǰǷĵ
ھϹŴ񣬶޷磬ǾĹȴסһУ½硣
ǲ˼ģȻϹŴ֪ˣҲĿɿڴо𺳡
ŷ΢΢Щ죬Ĺŷ缫䲻˼
壬ʲôŷûʵϼһһͨ񣬽ŷ翴ЩëȻлţòǳԼľջȤɣùŷ䱸˼㡣
ΪϹŴ񣬳ܹӦŷе뷨ʱЩЦãһƳ˳ȥŷ˼ͷǱ˼㡣
Сӣɶأӿ֣ΪĹˣϵǳСˬһȡˣȻֱ̬Ȼˬ
棿
ŷ۾һ뵽һˡ
ȴҡͷЦ˵սȷʵǳɵʱ̫ˣ꽨Ĺʱ򣬹սȻҲˣĽȴ
˻һŷ羪ˣΪԼ潨طȴû뵽ĹľȻˡ
˭
ŷһֲ²⣬˶ԼҲйϵȻĻ迴Լ񣬾Բ졣
⹫ǸϹ޽ֻһֵġ³һϢùŷˡ
ﾹȻ⹫һģùŷһֱŤĸо⹫һˣ涼ҪԼĸףȴȢ⹫ŮĶùŷЩΡ
⹫ŷʵ
Ҫ֪Լ⹫ʲôطҪȥԼ⹫ϾߣûѪԵˣĸڵ䲻ùŷ쳣ơŷЦһͻȻ뵽һ飬Լ⹫ȻܹĵطΪȻѾϹŴľ磬ܻУѾȥϽˡ
뵽ŷ֪ԼҪȥһϽ磬ΪвҪԼ
٣ԯϽУкܶ飬ҪȥһϽ硣
ڹŷԼ˼ʱ򣬳ȴҡͷ⹫Ͻ磬Ҳҿ϶ʵЩƲ
˻һŷ۾ɴˣЩšϹŴ۷ս𶼱뵽ϽˣԼ⹫ȻֹܹҪжôǿ󣬲ܹ
ŷһ𾪵ӣЦǲ֪⹫ǿʲôزӨŮɨµʱ򣬱˽⹫һս֮ӨŮ֣̹Բ⹫Ķ֡
ŷһ£ӨŮǺεȴڣԪһǿߣ޵УɨŽδȴԼ⹫Ķ֣ڳ
ʱ򣬹ŷԼ⹫ʲôӵĴˡ
ڼ֮󣬻ΪԼ⹫һɾǿߣڿʱ뷨ֱǿЦ
УûƼ壬˵ʲôƼҲУǸʱȴܹ磬ͨȻϹŴ񶼱Ȳ
ͻȻãߵЩˣһ̫ˣһʹǹŷ磬ʱҲ̲סҪˡ
ҲЩɻ󣬼ǵõԼľ˾˻˵Ϊﵽ𾳽磬ˡ
֮⣬ͲʲôԭùŷЩͿ
ҲûнͣЩҲ֪ǻƼҵǸ϶ﻹǱȻġȻܹ֮ڣ޵ӨŮ䣬ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
壬԰ȻӨŮ˽⹫һսô֪ģŷͻȻʶһ⣬̲סʵ
˻һһ㶣Ȼĵ˵ұӨȴǸˡ
ŷɴ۾׳ΪʲôôӨŮˣȻǴ˵ӨŮɷ
ԭҲһ飬ѰӨ䡣Ŀƣڹŷϡ
ŷһʲôЦӨŮѾȥ˲֪꣬Լôҵ䡣
ǸĴڣǼˣͨҲٻ
ʵҺӨŮֻǸʱҲ֪ӨݣһУӨΪһ⣬ԱɱˣҪıҵֻأҸӨЩͳ
ӨŮôܱɱŷ𾪵˵
תֻأҵһԵȴΪŭ죬ڱɣԲزġ˵Щʡ
Ӧھϸһе飬ɨżûж֣Ͻ磬ȴΪԼΪ˷ˣһûлľͷˣһִޣóһгʹ


819 ޵
ŷ类жˣĴ󰮣ƽˣͬƽİ顣Ϊ˶ԷǶһС
ûи̾ãͻȻ¶һĨЦݣȻҲ֪ΪʲôôܹõֻأȻΪҲ͵ܹõˣҪҰ㣬ҲУҪӦһ
˻һסˣһߵĳҲסˣǶԹŷ˽⣬ŷʩͼˣ֮ĹϵŷӦúæŶԡ
ѵǿ˹ŷ磬뵽ͬʱҡͷԼ۹⣬ҲŹŷΪˡ
˶˵ŷҲûԥֱӿڵҪΪҵŮˣȻһ㲻óΪѣʲôҲԼԡ
˻һͳһ׹ŷ˼ˣⲻҪǰǡ
Ǽ飬мȲ⣬ղŻһ˿ǿջЦ
ǴʱŷĻ֪Ϊʲôһɣһůůĸжһ
֮ǰ͹ŷഥȻԹŷоõģϲŷ磬ȴҲûУֻõѡ
ڣȴЩһˣԼҲϲ˹ŷˣˣô
⺢ӡ̲סЦһ
ڹŷǺʵ˵ʲôˡҳҲûоܾżҵ̫˽ˣһ˵ĻԲᷴڡ
ŷһЦ˵һӻ뿪
ͬеУһһߣ˵Ȼһ顣ȻӦǿߣҲ㹻ǿˡ
صʱ򣬹ŷ˺ܶˡ
ԯ޵Сϴ󡢳ҽʥЩȥˣЩ˵ΪҲ÷ǳߣȫͻƽ龳硣
ǱѵõţڵʱĳѹƵôȻɾڵõôԽȻǲͣıΪһ·
ǿԯ޵кѾ˴СڳϴǣҲ˾Žףͻơ
˵ЩҲδУ˵ǹŷǵͬˣһΪǿһЩˡ
ֻڵǣδȫɳȻ飬սУҲ̫á
ΪΪѾˣڲ֪ƨ㣬ˡϴ󿪿ڣһӣùŷ̲סһۡ
ڳˣĲһٳͷУ˵ðͷСӣܹһٶΪ飬콾ˣܹ
ŷãЩϼһǽУһЩҪҡ̫ˣȥ
ڵҲ˵ˣȻҲõģǲϾǻĻҲδܹҵֻأҲʱˮһգһطȴҪע⡣ڣüͷ壬Ȼǳء
ŷˣ綼⣬ҪǸطʲôطȻӣԽ硣
Ŀ³һ֣ùŷĿɿڴ
֮أȻطŷΪ֮رǴ˵еϽ磬ڿͲô£֮أȻһط
֮ʲôطŷ翪ѯʣżϼһܾ⼸ϼһ֪̫ˣ쳣ƣҪ֪ŷڵľ磬Աԯ޵ˣȴȻָ֪֮ʲôط
޵УһȺħԯ޵п˵ɫء
ŷʶԯ޵пڣûмԯ޵ɫȻٴѣԯ޵Զһƽɫ
Ҳʶ˲ףνĽ֮أĲʲôöĻԯ޵вɫ
ǵʲôӵĴڣŷٴʵ
֮أǾϹŴħĵط˻һŷɴ۾֪Ϊʲôԯ޵ɫôˡ
һϹŴħĵطô꣬ѾˡԳһ磬֡
ִڣӾѪҪ֮ˡϾħڵļֵӵġ
һϹŴħȻϹŴ񣬹Ҳ̫࣬ζӦñ߾Ž׵ĸǿ߶Ҫǿ
ʶһ㣬ŷͷ֪ԯ޵ǲԵ޹ᵽһطǽ֮Ҫγвˡ
ػʧǸ֮طӡҲɶò˶ã֮صĴڣʱѵʱǶνֻûͷȴһҪˡԯ޵пЦ˵
ŷҲЦˣףҪٵĵʲôˡ


820 ܳ
ڳ˶һҰܣĵˣսʤϹŴڣǻ࣬ҪЩǿߣȫ뿪ˡ
ʣһ裬ȴ޷֣У֣ܳᱻǿдϽȥ
ֻпԼˣҲõģһϣˣԸ⿴ǽ֮ص˳֣Ҫ磬ػǡԯ޵о˸
ǸʱǶҲءЦ
˶Щأȷʵģǿߣ벻һʼֻ֣صʱ򣬲Ż֣˽֮صˣס硣
Ͼֻ磬˶϶飬һ˭Ҳֻ֪ػ㵽ȥ
ý֮أ緢ͻõĽǶɵӣ˭ҲܰǵԸ¡ԯ޵üͷ
ŷ۾һ⵹һ취Գһ¡
ŷ˼ӣЩȣѵһ취
ǿʲô˹עŷ΢ЩѹȵˣһԻӡ
ղŲ飿ԯ޵
ûУŽϳʲôӶˡŷ˵
ָŷ˹ȥ˶ЩЦá
ʱ򣬻˴ֵģҲֻйŷһ˰ɡ
ʼҲˣαôţߵսȻסˣ֮䣬Ҳδػ໥ǣƣǵĻᡣŷо˸
ãȥǿߺͽ֮ص˵ʱԼͻս
ϹŴħˣǴﵽϹŴһĲΣҲҪ뿪硣
㹻ǿˣͬУҳǿߵʵдա
߾Ž׵ĸǿߣδܹ硣
Ǹܵŷģڳ˶ЩɣǶһۣԿԷеľȣŷ羹Ȼ֮䣬Ӱ쵽˵飬Ǽ䲻˼ġ
ҪģǺúֻҪǱǿˣҲַǣʲôƨ磬ʲôƨ֮أȥɡŷһɫ
Ǳ۸ˣʱһŭǶ绹н֮صġ
˵ͷֻһ취
˵ĸǣ뿪ȴŷߣһط
ʵ磬еôЩǰҸ仰֣ܳɱĲҪġʱ͸ղȫһûһ㵣ģԵúǿƣо˸ӵһ
ŷһ¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷ
֪粻Ǳϵô򵥣Уȫǵˣһ壬ǵУʹûˣҲС
˵ˣԼ⹫ļˣ㹻ɲ⡣Լ⹫ܹӨŮ˼ȻܹΪӣҲ벻򵥣ȻϹŴ񣬿Ҳһߣһӹɡ
йżҵһЩϼһأʱ˭Ҳ֪ȥŷ游ŷĸҲǻţҲһ޴ս
ϾЩżǰ츳Ѫȫڹŷ硣
ʱ䣬㹻ԶȻΪϹŴһȺߣҲ㹻ˡ
Щ̬ϼһһˣڻģһƬƣżҸǱļ塣
ԯҡɽңⶼܵĺ˭֪ǲʲôӵĵ̡
ҲҪĥѣ벻ܻȻǿߣϽ֮صһ֣Ҳһ
Ҫģֻǽʧ͵١
Ⱥϼһϲͷ¶βǶ˭ַǡŷЩƵ˵Щνǰһ㶼
ЦĹŷļȻ뿪
ŷȻ֣ȴһ֪㹻ĵ㳹׵
ǿҪôܽʧ͡
ķӡ֮ʧǿߣͣԻ̽еʵ
Ҳвˣ޼ɵգһǺӡ
ŷʱûж֣ЩûйΪҲ׼뿪֣˸˺飬ŷǻ̳֣ԾԵƣնɱԷ
൱ڸߵǿһ֣һĵܿס
ϾǾҲֻߣ˭ʤ˭ɵӶܹϾÿ˶ǿߣԺɨ߾Ž׵Ĵڡ


821 
ɿֲϣѹգһս
Ǹ֮棬ǹŷǳˣһһĸɱ
ٿգһ޵УϾϹŴķǿޱȣֱѹŶԷǸ߻ͷɫѾȫһ͵Ϯһûʣ¡
һޣǸ߻ϢһѰ콣գҪһɱ
ֻʹ򲻶һΪϹŴȻ޷ϹŴǸֶΣҲһĸǿƣǸߴòͣѪҪȥܡ
һ޳ܣΪϹŴ͵ϮһʲôͣǸߴɽ綼ص
һҲֻ߾Ž׵սһȻ͵ϮҲûʲôίģ֮䱾СһЦ
Էһеĵӣ߾ŽףͻƳΪϹŴǱڶԷһ֮󣬱㱻һˣҪû˳
ԲһĻŷ˽⵽ǰ֮󣬶ʱ¶Цݡ
磬һ飬֮һ㶼٣Щ˾ۼһȻҪɱһ췭ظ
ҪԸģֻʣµһȺˡ
ۡ
ųһѪ⣬Ǹ߾Ž׵ǿ߱ɱһ쳤Х죬˾㤣һ쳣µǿߣ
ԼǿƣΪϹŴķ߾ŽУǾԵĶڣȻ統ʱ𣬿Ҳ϶١
ʱƣǿԽԽ࣬ߺն񼸺ͬһ㣬ûʲôȨ
ȻһЩͽߣʱҲսս˭Ҳǡ
ʱֱһҩͰǱһսĻ綼ᱻʮߣڲͣӣһ߸ǲ
أɽУҪҵֻأֻ˭ûһջ񡣵ȻҶǳôױҵֻأֻؾͲǴԵˡ
е飬սսرһЩѾ龳ǿߣǸͷƤ飬еǿߣÿһǳǿ󣬳ԽǣЩվ۷ǿߣһС
򲻹ԷΪ̫󣬴ʱеǿߣٶ񾳽磬У˹ŷı̬֮⣬ǿĲ
ǿߣҲԽԽǽľۼأ˷裬˱ŭ
Щʿ̲ס֣ǶԷĶ֣ȻЩִߣҲһסԷһ
ǼµһȥĻȻҪݣЩǿūۡ
Щ˸飬壬֮䣬ŻĳޣǳΪЩСһĳǳأȫˡ

õһϢ֮󣬹ŷŭˡ
ֱӷϢټĲ·ǣϹ໹гһ߼ǿߣֱӳɱȥ
ǸǳصǿߣһŽɫ˫飬ӥӣ׹⣬񻰴˵е
죬һǿߣײУǼǿȻڸУҲǾԵٮٮߡ
˲ֻ࣬ߣԼһֻˣٸ߼ǣֱƵߣһµ壬ûԸǡ
ŷ˳ֵʱɫһֲõԤС
Ϊ죬һ̫ϳϣҪʲôȻǿƣʱҲ̲סз顣
иΧɱ͵סҲֻڴԷɵһ壬ҳ֡
˺飬ŷɫֱӳ֣ûɱ죬ǳߵߡ
Ѫޱߣֻظ֣̫ͼѹ£˿ֲΰ׵ǿߣֱը飬ֻʣԪг
ŭǵǰһ㽫»ɱһӣŭ졣ŷ֣׹ɣûһУùŷ綼ɫ
ںȻ׵磬Ϊ׵źֲܿɱŷȻͨرԴҲǿߡ
ŷ粢ûкˣϵڷ⣬죬ɣͬʱʩչסԷ׵硣
ͬʱŷüķɳ罣նһС
ΪԼѾȫߣʱȴ罣棬ǸܵһֻԵ
ǲҽһҪߣ罣ȴȫȻֱն˹ȥ
Ԫ飬ֱ
˭û뵽ģȻĲǣ¶̾ɫȻǳ֣ɱߣҲûôɾҪĹ


822 ׵
ŭˣ׹أһرһǿŷѹ¡ľ׵ɱͬ߶סĹ
ŷȻҲоˣɫأûĲǳ֣ǶԡּǿߣĽǷǳаġ
ֻظ֣ѹȥסһسŷҲһ𶯣ٴδڶѪգڶײһ𣬹ŷٴκ˺ü
ڳ˶ܹȻŷ·磬ȴûˣϢڽһ
Ѫӹŷı񷣬
̫ͼ֣ƣڰɨסĵ
¶𾪵ɫܹס׵صˣһһ׵ļһȴܹס׵أе㾪ˡ
׹£˶ܹо̺ļµ
ŷɫδ䣬罣նס׹⡣
׹ӿֲŷڵĵطֱһƬ׺ʹǸ߽ߣʱ¶סˡ
ŷͻȻŭһѪ죬һȭһȭ׹ǼµһĻԸ׵ɱֻͨԿǹŷֱ׹ģûй
ߵ׹£ĲĴڣܵвɵñɫ
е㰴಻סҪŷ絲ס׹⡣·ȴס˹࣬ҡͷ
żҲף޷Ϲŷġ
ŷɱ䣬ͻƣﵽסǿ߽֣ȻĲҲľи̾ŷĵ󣬾ǣľΪһСģǱ֮֡
һ̣ŷѪ죬쳤Хɢҫ۵ı⣬ɫҫ۵˼㣬һص̫ͼڹŷ
䡣
ŷ֣򵥶ֱӣֱӱ˵ߵ׹⡣
죬ȻɱȥֲϢ춼ов
ʱ죬ȫŷ統ͬһĴڣԷʵвɫأ˫ݻڰ˵׹ھŵ׹ͬʱ£ֲܣʹԼܲס
ǹŷ壬׹ײһȴǳֲĽ׹ˣ嵽ߣһȭȭͷֻظ֣ɳȥ
ѪŷȴڴЦȻĲǹУͻȻѿһѪۣһˡ
ŷϵϢȴӿֲʱһսʤսһ㣬ľ
ӲĶ֣ˡŷûٳ֣޸˺˿ڣſֲ׹˸ȴԹŷɲʲô˺
㵽˭콫Ŀⶢڹŷϣ𾪡
һһ׵ʿӲ׵ɱȻһЩ߶ϢǴȥ硣
ҽйŷ磬Ӧҵ֡ŷ絭˵ǳš
磬ɾͬʱҲ˲ٴ¡ϼǸȻΪʲɱǺ͹ŷ磬ҲзֲĹϵħ͸ʲʹõĻʲɱϼҵǸϹŴ
ԣУŷͷǷǳģ˵ŷ֡
Ȼŷ֣ɫ΢΢һ䣬ЩȣͬʱҲЩȻȻ㣬ֲãżҵѪȻ졣
֪ǹżңŷЩ⡣
׷ɱǹżҵһˣܽƻӳȥˣֽ̡쵭˵˵
ֹ̣ŷȻ˵żҵĵȣû뵽Ȼ׷ɱ˼δ⵹һϢ
ˣú˵Щϻɱô飬ˣҶ֡ŷûٷϻҲٵȥһһѣʱ鷳ˡ
ĲӶ̶߳ȵǿһ֣ȻǿƣݺҲסǵĺɱֻں̵ܶʱڣ㱻һ
Ȼǵһ֣ǳֳĬһᶼû졣
ɱ֮Ӱ˳ͬ壬ͷǣصĵ渡֣Ե쳣졣
˾ȻǸߣܵϢʱǱɫɭȻĿⶢڹŷǵϣɱ⡣
ǾȻɱߣһ˿ڣɱʮ㡣
Ǻѣ֮ܵΣ˹ֻû뵽һ
챻ɱŭ죬϶صɱ⡣
޶ɱ飬ǳ֣ҲҪŷ翪ڣǻҪǿƣߵĸߣ򵥣ȻõĲǵĶ֡


823 
ߴŭԼ磬εȸ߹ʲôʱǳҶԷһ
һоһһɿֲϣڹŷϣҪ顣
ŷҲϢƵԷϣڶԷȵУֺɳȥ𾪡
ûܵ˺ȴסˣһ񾳽СȻɳȥֱʵ̫ˡ
УţǻţҪΪǾûô֪˭ٸ˺飬ɱ⡣ŷ˵硣
һǿʾòǿ߱ɫΪеǿ󣬵һߣһȻǸߣǸӿ£񾳽һս˽ɳ̫ˡ
ȻΪϹŴǸǿߣȵﵽ߾֮󣬿ҲᳬԽߡڽյУûϹŴĴڣȻû˿ԿֲĴڵġ
ɫ࣬ȴҷԷһĴڣĴʤϡ
ǼʹܹʤҲʲô³Ҫȫһ޷ܵġ
ֻǺ޺޵ĵ˹ŷһۣת뿪
֮У߳Ĭǻ֪Լģи֣ػǡ
صĲɫ΢΢Щأɱ죬ֻһʱ˶Ƕ뻹ָԭ״
ˣҲûа취ֻܾסˣϾԵеǿߣʹǿƣҲֻһ磬޷ˡŷҡͷɫ΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
첻µز£ڣҲоˣԼǿǶԷ̫ǿˣ֮ػĸߣ˵ʵ̫ڵˡ
Һڽ֮ػδ֣˵һѡҪʱ䣬׼
϶Э֮ܶǳУֻҪǲҪֻ̫֣ǱסЩ飬ҲΪһ㣬ͻ·ͷ˵Լķ
ŷǵˣߵһȴȫȥǰĳԹĺֻΪס硣
Щѱߣɱ⣬ҪҲ磬ʶǵֶΣǲŲ׷ѡ൭˵ΪһŮӣȴڳļ˶Ҫǿơ
Ϊ󽫵ƣҪعˣ¡
˶ͷ뿪ȴڰ׺סˣ֦ͬı֣ĸߣϹŷһǸߣǸ߻Ӷȭͷļһһ֣Щǿߣоѹ
֮ǰ粻ǿڿ뵱ȻˣǿߵĴڣ㳬Ǵ󲿷ֵ磬ܶҲֻѡ
Щǿߣ΢һ㣬ٲ֣ȻȻв鷢ǻڹŷǿܵķΧ֮ڡ
ŷǵ̨ϣǶӣԿԷеĳء
һ棬ȻǿҲое㣬Ϊʵ̫ǿˡ
ϹͻƵˣ࿿ڹŷĻУĵʵ
͸Ӧˣŷ켤սʱͻһΣֻǲ̫϶
ŷͷ˹Ĳ²⣬ûʲôĵɫ΢΢ЦͻôǸı䲻ǰľ棬ܹ߾磬ֱӺɨЩ쵰ǹȥ
ͻһС׶ΣڹŷڵսȻǿǲ̫Ȼսܸߣֻܿ⡣
һǹŷ粻ãûߵһĲ࣬Ȼս죬Ҳֲ
ԼҪܸߣҪﵽ֮ϵΪĿֲڣȻﵽŽףҲδбʤİա
ֻǿ⣬ڹŷ
ܹߵһˣһǵУŷɨߣҪһסԤƣѾõ֤
ͷҲףΪһߣ֪˶ôǿʵѾﵽеļޡ
ǳ׳ѣΪ۷սϹŴ񣬷ҪɱĴڣһ׵顣
ߣϾֻƽУѾ֮Ϊǿˡ
ŷܹһףɺɨϹŴ֮µǿߣ磬˶о𾪡
ʹϹŴҲûܹһ㡣
ףԣ鷳ŷͻȻһ⡣Ź࣬뿪


824 ټ
ŷδޣûסⶰȻ˹ŷ磬ȴ档
ʱŷܵΣգ뿪˲һСС
񣬴ʱΧһŮӣ٬
Χмˣɫ䣬²ûϣºۼӳ졣
һְҵװһŮǿ˵ʣɫ࣬Ե쳣ϡ
԰ɣ߰ɣպܹ֤Ϊһ񡣡һ׷񣬳ΪӢһ˵һ٬ĸо
ûȤɫĮңȻΧסȴǳǸûнϡ
Ȼ㹻ĵ˵ŷ磬ǹĴڣԱסֻ̫鷳࣬ʱûи෢źš
СӣҪƲԳԷƣҪ֪λ۴ˣǸ֤պɻڴ˵񾳽磬ߣҲǲܡ׷ߵһ񿪿ڣȰ
ЦһѣС
˵ҲǲʲôòҪңΪνѣͲҪû㡣
Ե÷ǳĻһ˵ڣǸ۵ˣɫ̲ס΢΢һ¡
񣬻˵ֻܣһ֪ǵڶ֪ȴںΪĺ̨ǿ
ǺһĻǿǵ˴鷳ˡ
㵽˭۳ʵȻǰֻһСŮˣʱȴһַǳصѹ
ԷǧҪʲôͷȻĻ鲻ý
Ӧŷ磬Ůˡ˵Լ˵ŷֵʱɫ΢΢ЩԹԹŷصôʱ䣬ȻҲԼ
ѡ뿪ģҲ֪ڹŷܶ࣬ûʱ䣬Ҳֻ淢ɧѡ
ŷ磿
üȴǵò̫ˡߵļɫȴǴ䣬Ȼһ˷۵ĶߣСŷͷһ顣
һһףܹߵˣһ£Ѿ֪Լ˲ܵˡ
һײ£µǶԷԿߣˣһ߾磬˭ֿܹ¾㾡Ҳδܹס
ʶһ㣬һҪڡ
ڴʱߵһӣٴδ۵ɫ΢΢һ䡣û˵ģֻǸۡǿн°ߣ벻ʲô⣬ǹŷ磬Ҳδܹ鵽ǳֵġ
ǷŹĻҲ״ʱŷ˵鷳ϾЩǿߣǷǳӵģԼŮ˱˲һ۸ˣȥ鷳Ƿǳ顣
ʶһ㣬ɫ΢΢Щأιһҧ˵ߡ
ȻѾ˾ԼӵĻ
ɫ䣬˼Щ˵ģǴʱԷ̬ͻȻ仯ԼҪΣˡ
ҪϹǹŷ磬Կߣһһý࣬һߣץңܹеġµѾ׼ˣΪ֪ٵȥԼΣˡ
ߣĺץ㣬֪һúöģһɫˣ绨գ¶
Ϊһ񣬻ôɫˣҲˡ
ڵġɫ̱࣬Ҫ෢źš
ʱһӰ֣ĶֹͣˣЩճյǸˣ۾̲סˮ
ûĵģˡӦԹһ䡣
ʱۼ˲Ÿоԣһתһһ˳ǵȻΪףȴһɿֲϣǱɫ
ŷ硣
̱һ֣ɫ࣬ɫ־壬˺ձҪ뿪
ŷûжֻ𶯣ǱҽһȾѪеҵ˼㡣
ۣŷ㲻ɱҡ۴󺰣˿־壬ʱףһȸߵǿߣǶôֲһ顣
ŷ翴ûпὫӵ뻳У˵ˡ
ֻһ仰ԹԼͷڹŷϣܵ¶绨һõЦݡ


825 ɱ
ŷûԼˣ˶һۣһ͵͵վ̤նȥڴʱһӹŷնǸ񾳽ǿֱ룬
ˣʱʵǾֵŹŷ磬ڿһħ
ɱһǿߣʵǾ㤡
ôЩһŷѯ
ɱ˰ɡ
ܵ˵
˻һŷЩɵۣʲôʱഺõСѾͷȻɱˡŷʶͲǵСѾͷոʱѾüʮˡ
ô£ڹŷĸоУǵָһ˲䣬һֻȻһεĸо
á
ŷ絭Ц̾ҲûãȻϹŴҲʱˡᵯָһ£۵ɢڷ
ͬʱʴһӴѹǸ߲ܹӵеϡ
ŷ磬ɱһ֣壬һȣһϢȴ˲ֱӡ
һֲǿߣɱ죬һСǳأһҪˡ
ǿ޺¶ֵɫǸܵĩڽ١
ŷüͷһ壬¶һĨŭɫԷʵ̫޼ɵˣȻȫλͷϣѾӦ˲߾Ž׵ʵֲ̫ˡ
ҹȥ
һ𣬹֣죬һ磬ᴩ硣һּµƣǸɫеĹȺݺݵ˳ȥײһ𣬲һ졣
ѣһ˭ûռñˡ
Ǹߣǿ󣬾Ȼܹ࣬Ȼͬ졣
Ϊ󽫣Ȼ۷սľ磬Ȼϸǿˡڣһ˿ѪȻܴˡ
࣬һƵӣǸûгһ˿
ɱҼʹ󽫣ҲŹ㣬ŷ㶼ڣȻҪɱˡ
ùŷ͹һ֪ʲô̡
һɿֲϢɢŷ˱ɫϹŴϢǲûϹŴǿӦǲȱģȴȻܹġ
һ߾Ž׵ǿߣʹϹŴȻ£ͬս
Ϲ׽áŷ˵
ŷ΢΢һ㶣ԥ׷ɵ˹ϡ
һ̣ϢϹ󽫻عһ㣬ǿ˼㡣
ɫףһڹϣֲ硣
ͬʱеҲɢ췢һɱ˹ȥ
ȻҲû뵽ŷ羹ȻӵּĿףȻϵϹŴȴӵпвƵϹŴʸ
еİоʱɽӣഹһɱ⣬ǼֲһĻɱ󣬽඼ûˡ
ʹŷ綼޷ȥֻԶԶ뿪
Ҫħ͸඼ֻĿŹɱܵ
೤ХϲƵͬһȻʮɴСɨ£ɱⶼ顣
ˣ
̤죬һȭȥããû񷣬˸֮һݺᡣ
ˣоػԼǰһâĹɫҲ쳣ÿȻǹĶ֣ˡ
ѪҲû֮ǰ׺ݺš׵Ĺ࣬Ҫ͵Ķֱ࣬ӽѹ·硣
⣬о嶼ڷ⣬һâɨɱһС
ˣһжã죬Щɱ⣬ȥֱӱ壬Ȼǲоûס
ǼµһĻòע⵽ĸ߶оз
ӵвϹŴǹĶ֣ǻ˭ܹ󽫣ܶѹסжӣĿʼĴˡ
ҲһЩк˸̲סҪ֡
Ӱĳ֣ǷеĴ㡣
Ĳᡢ·֣һɢǿϢۡ
ǱɱһսǸȻҲˣ¶һĨЦȻû뵽Լ
粻Źǵġһŭ𣬱ɱѪǷ飬Ʈɢȥ
һ䣬òһĸоǲٶǿߣܶûǿأǴʱ˿̣ȴʱΣա
Уۼ̫ǿߣ磬һս˭Ҳұ֤ԼܹȥȻΪҲһ


826 ث
Ĳ˫ֺʮһȱӣȴ˵һùŷǶЩȵĻɱ磬ĸߣȫɱ
ɱӺһ磬Щ߲ŷ³Ĳ˼
ĲǴȱȴǴȱɱˣˣԻᶯ֣
һ⣬ʵǿ಻ᳬߣڱǻɱһˣԵסǵĹ·Ҳڣսʹħɱʮ㡣
Ȼһ磬ƶںοֻȥɱߡ
Ҳͬ⡣࿪ڣףǿޱȣŰоѾƿأʱĹ࿰ǿ˼㡣
ϹŴԳ֣˭Ҳսܲ״̬µĹࡣ
˴Լվһ𣬺ȻŮĿѣԡ
ɱ磬ȻѾȻӣ˺ϣһ˹ȥ
սǳɹǿߣ᳹ĺ׵ŷǡΪ˭ҲԼ磬ܵߵĳֺԵġʹһĴҲֳܳ
ޱߣԪŨһ칬ƯڲϣԵ쳣ʥͲ
һǿ磬ŷǳ֮󣬵߳˳ȥ޾ǿߣǿ߱ˣʮߣȻǸߣǶǿ졣
һĴ磬ƼĴҡǴʱȴµǿС
ΰӰ֣У졣
Ǻˣеһʣͬʵʣӹŷǡ
۵ʲôˣŷʵ
ɫ΢䣬ŭΪƣҶӣǽôˣü֮һɱȻͻȻĿͶࡣ
ж쾵Ϣɱ˴ۣͻȻŭɱ죬Ļ񾪺ǵĸߣȻɱˡ
쾵֮һΪȱϹŴǿޱȣĵ̡
Ǹŷɫƽ˵ĻȴƻɱŨ
û̳֣ĸߣһ׵ĴڣԺ硣
СҲǰʴʡһֻŷץȥһ׵ʿȻܵסĹ
ûΪŷܵסƵһļǿߡ
׳ա
ŷЦһȭǬתǳ׹䣬ϼ죬ˡѪıԴ쳣ǿ
Ծ˼ĶŹŷ磬һ׵ĴڣȻܹ
㵽˭ɫ䣬һθо
һ׵ļһ˲Щ߾Ž׵ļһǸ̬뵽žľʱҲЩˡ
ûˣ类ƷˣǾЩòʧˡ
ʶһ㣬һȻ˵ҲʲôݣȻ˵ҶӸǾɱãڿʼǶԹ뿪ɡ
˻һЩɫ䣬ŷǣɫ쳣졣ǵģһôǣȴĺ١ԼĶӣҲʱֱˡ
ث֡üͷһ壬ڱ
ʵô룬ЩˣҲôġɫ죬ģȻû뵽ԼĽȻث֡
ɱԼĶӣˣȻҪ˶Թ壬û˵
Щ˲һͷǲġ
֪Լ£ȻͷĻɱ˵Ķˡ
ŷ붯֣˭Ҳû뵽һĴǿߣǵ֮Ҳ㵡
ǶıģһزʵǼƷˡ
ˣλС㣬ܲܽ쾵ң࿪ڡ
شһɱ⣬һ㽫춴ɫ䣬ǰһͭסɱ⣬ǱҲѪڣһˡ
һʶŷǵĲǣʿˮվʲô˵ˡ
Լϴ󶼲˵ЩСﻹ˵ߣüͷŭĿԼĽ޹⡣ҴҶҪǿߣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼһŷ뿪ʧ硣
ͬʱǿҲ뿪ֻߵʱ򣬿Ǳĵ񣬼ֱҪɱһ綪ʵǶˡ


827 ˵
ŷ뿪þòŻָƽЩǿߣȫصԼĵطȥˣֻƺվþ
λֵܣ֪Ҳ޷ңǣǲòƿЦ˵
ƵĽֵܣ˽ԼĴ磬֪ľһԭġ
ղǼˣԶĸ֣ļһӦǸײһεףҲˣǼһﾳȻͣȴܹˣ˵һսҲܹߡЦ
ͷȻܹһȻûоȫҲ൱£Ȼǣӡһ׵ĴڣȥסĹ൱졣
ˣҲһ̬Ƕֻһ߾Žףûз֣Ǹȡ쾵Ůӣһ𣿡
˵о˸
죬縱һ㶣Ժгֹòһ֣ǵԺУ˵¶Ծɫ
󽫡
ͬʱһŵı顣Ϲ󽫺ɨʱǻֻһ㵫Сʿ󽫶ĤݣԼˡ
ȻΪߣ뵽󽫵ƣǸоľȻ棬Ҳ󽫵°ܽ
󽫣ǿ϶ŰɣʵҲţգϢҾԲģղǸö쾵Ůӣ󽫡ǳ϶
Ϊʲôˣǲ룬ǲҡ
˭ħµһսɨûж֣ȻǸ磬ҲȻһ߾Žܹȵģ˭һڣҲûġ
һŮӣϣܵһϢĳλѪܹǵġӳһըըͷת
һѪһ󽫣һףߣϣ˭ܵУ
ֲ첻Ҷ֣йؼĻҲǲҶֵġ
һ˳ݣ춼ЩƮƮȻˣǸոһӣ϶Ц
֪ԼڸеĵλȻеλأ»ᱻһΡ
Ǹث֡ص磬඼̲סˣһ䡣
Χѯʷʲô飬֮Ҳ̲סĿɿڴϾˣҲʵ̫ټһЩĿˡ
ҲϾ۵УҲһӣûߵλҪ
ûһɱӺĺûᣬùŷǶЩƣƽʱ¶ʱ򣬶ɱ
һǿߣ̲סӣа뵽ļһﶼˣôɱʲô
ӵı֣ò˰ˣ£ǿȻУԽԽӣùŷǶ쳣ꡣ
ʱǣ׶֣һŭǾͲˣʱǿߣûǳ֡
ʱúܿ죬ŷصУѾ¶µʱˣЩ񾭱ĽģһֱڹעЩǿߵжǶЩɵǿߣԶȽʵ
ǣȻռһΪƴ󣬵ǶĸУȴԵЩСˣ˾Ȼߵһ𣬳ΪһӴˡ
ŷЩķܹܵУһֲӣΪЩǿߣΪδ֪ĶҪв硣
ǹŷ磬ĺܶǿߣָоɫ쳣ÿʱľԼеָо
һ˳ڹŷסʱ򣬹ŷͲµԭˡ
ˣȻͬһ㣬ƮȻ˼㣬ŷ緢֣µʱ䣬ΪȻٴνѾﵽ˴ŽףҪ񾳽ˡ
һֲֿʹŷ綼Ŀɿڴһεĸо
Ͼٶȣǹŷ磬ӵСʱ䣬ӴһףŽףʵ̫ˡ
ǲǺܾȣʵûбҪȣȻҵֶΣһ㣬ȥһġǺЦ
ŷһһֲõԤУԲ򵥡
Ȼ˵֮󣬹ŷһĸ˵⣬
߹ŷ磬Ҫٽ֮أȻ粻½֮أȴڶԸ֮صʱ֡
һЩùŷװõֻأǿߵ⣬ǿ뿪硣


828 ע
ǿߵעô׵ġЩߣһѹƹŷ磬һĻŷ߶һЩѡ
һȻŷ絨죬㹻ʵҲȥЩץĳ嶯
Ҳ̲סЦڽյһʱҲû뵽ԷȻľ
Ҳͬ⡣
˽⣬˹ŷ̸Ȼ֪Σյʲôز
ҪעĻҲҶϹ࿪ڣûз⣬ҪԼŷ硣
ŷ統ͷˣʲôЦʼգûԼŮȥյë
ʵ飬ҲеôΣգЩǰ۹ŷд˻ˣܳ¡˵ЩǰԼĻ˵˳
ֻԼԴ֣Щ֮Աǡ
ΪʿǿߣŷҲ죬ôʲôˡ
ǹŷһһ˼
ˣͬ⡣ŷ翪ڣʱù¶һĨɫ뿪ڣȴŷˣЦ˵֪Ҿ飬϶ıģҲȥա
ЦȻ˽ŷ磬˴һԾŶӦ飬Բı䡣
ʶһ㣬ҲȰˡ
а𣿡ѯʡ
ǹ࣬¶ɫǹŷ˵ԼûаյĻҲֹŷȥġ
ϾŷУʵԼһԼȥðգ͹εĹϵù֪ԼĶΪԭ˵Ļ˿Ѷˡ
ȻεڻûϢ֪ǼһԲ
УҪɱңûô򵥣ڵʵֻҪӣǿߣûһܹɱңҲһĥҲ϶ãҾͳΪһˡŷо˸
ҲĴ㣬λᣬĥԼΪһߣʱԹŷս޵еĴڡ
Ȼп϶Σգûйŷ˵ôɡ
ʵҲŷȥϣûбȹŷʵˡڡͬʱ߹ŷǣ֮ѡŷ磬ΪģΪŷĳս
ףܹսƽһߣ˹УʵѾвڲ²⣬ǲΪŷõֻأŻ޵ı֡
ֻҪƲŷѾõֻأȻͿ˵ע⣬ʱǿߵע϶ᱻŷ
˹ŷ֮⣬ûһܹõЩһע
ĽͣҲף˹ŷ֮⣬κһˣδֻܹĬȻ
İɣҲµģ˭׺й٣ҳԹ𣿡ŷЦͬʵʣɢŷɫгţ׺й֣һ棬֪ŷѾδùˣ
ʹİ壬ŷҲʼš
к͹ŷйصˣŷͽ꣬ǾԵİȫطгػ֤ǲκ⡣
ڹŷԼص˱ԼѾ׼ˡ
ɫЩأԽһ͵յأҲܣⶼΪ磬Ҳûа취
дһϢŷ֮ôǿȫΪõֻصԭ͹ŷйصƵʱ˵Ϣ
ʱǿߣȫˡ
ѰֻأȴһֱûҵѾʼֻǲѾ˵õˣʵˣֻعȻѾ˵õǸ쳣޵Ĺŷ硣
ǵصǿŷڵı˹ȥƳ죬ޱȣ嫺һֲޱߣð׺еǶоһִͷĸо
Ĳ֣ɣסЩ˵ϣһţλҪҹŷ鷳Ա㣬벻Ҫ˺顣
˻һ˷ԣǶǸߣôһλһԼһڵĻ
Ҿ˺ˣôһվ˳ƣǸһλǿߣɾ͵ϹŴ񣬿Ǹ磬˵ͳ
ָͷһ£һ¥촷ۣЦŵ˼㡣
ֻ鷳ˣǿʧȥһˣһǿߵĹͬͲܶס
ܶ׼˳ˮ㣬˳㽫и߶
ڴʱһ𣬺ƺƵ˻ϣͬʱɱ֮ǸǿֱɱڵӪûһӳȥȫ
ǿĿɿڴһ⡣


829 ԯũ
ƽɫĽݿ࣬նɱһߣһĻǿȫëˡɫ΢΢Щη壬ϾһߣԼǰˣʵеֲ̫ˡ
ԯ˾ϳ˽ıʡ
ƿԯֲһһߡ
ôˣԷֻһԯͲܵסǡ˴𣬶ԯ쳣ȡ
ΪݵһԯޱȣȻһЩϹŴ񣬿¶ȡǻ֮䣬ȴӵпֲɱ֮ħһϹŴΪѹˡ
ЩȻҲõԯֻҪǵõϹŴԵ޵Уʲôߣסԯһ
ԯΪе߾֮Ӧ˵СӦͣҪǿߣ֣óûȡԯ
ڴʱһɫĶնǿ߻ɱһҽû
ũֳǵУЩһɫ䡣
һԯҲߣټһũȫһˡֲͬϹŴԺɨˡʹǲʤҲʣ˼ˡ
ңﶼۼǿߣŽᣬδؾԸ
һԼˣȴ˵õ˺ôǿˣû˻ôΰ
粻裬Ǵӽ쿪ʼ׼˺飬಻ԯĨɱǵĴ硣һ֣߳ޱȣǴʱȴɢſֲϢò춼ڲҪһ
һߣ˲֪꣬ԯĵ̣ʱ߳졣
϶ԯˣҲûʸ˵ǵ磬ΪӵϹŴ˲ͬҲҪ̫ڲˡڵɷ߿ڣ䡣
ɷܺãʦֵܣʱ˵ҲһΪһسӵĸо
ۡ
һ£ֱӽɷǿ߱飬绪ԻվһϢǿʢض𶯡
һȱϹŴܶ˶оۡ˵һ磬ֻǿ˵ֱڷƨ
Բ˵ǳǿÿһУû˭ܹӵȱϹŴһȱϹŴߡ
粻裬Ѿһںˣһʵֳˣû˭ٸ˵Ĳǡ
ֻ֪ŷǷõֻˡǿ߲ȥֱӿѯʡ
˸£Ȼ˵ͷ
Ȼаٰ㲻Ըⶼǰõ飬಻ܷڣҹŷѾ뿪ԼˣԲµġ
ǿ֪͹ŷ֮ݣʱͷʱǵĺֻڳˣܶĿŹֻΪصһ֣ΪУѺŷһˣֻطŹء
һ͵ӣʱ¶һĨЦŹࡣ
¹಻ףΪڿ϶ֻص䣬ˣ϶ˣǲӵвϹŴһսȻɱЩǿߣҲ᲻ˣױٵ
Ѿ뿪ˡ൭˵дһ˿Ȼ
ǰȺˣŷôܻ뿪ǹҲܷҪ飬ùŷ糹סЩ˵ע⡣
ܣǹŷ磬Բ뿪һǿߵ׷ɱɵӲŻľŷȻ׳һ㣬ǲһɵӡǽҡͷŹĻ
ֻǻ䣬оһ˱һɱһëȻĸо
Ҫʲôǽ־ĶŹŷ磬ɫг˽䱸
ܵɱŮ˾ȻҪɱ
û˵ֻǻһ⣬˹û˵ס࣬쾵Ϊһ壬ֱӽǽˡ
ǽǿߴŭʱΧ֡
ⶼһȺǿߣˣҲŽףͽߣκһطԺˡ
ϧԵǹ࣬󽫵Ĵڡ
һХ໯һɫĴպѹЩǽǿȫը飬ڷ
һУصԼղվλã˵˭˵˵һ仵Ҿɱ
ʱ۲֪දֵԭ򣬾ȻֻǷǽ˵˹ŷһ׳աܶңԼ˵Ļû˵ĻͷǽĽһ³ٲȻĻǹֲŮ˵ϡ󽫣˭Ϊͷ


830 ׷ɱ
󽫣Ҳ̫˰ɡ̲סǳһ䡣
һͷ׷ߣϳ˸Ϣȴǿù඼оΣա
Ĵһߣ̲סɫ΢΢һ䣬Щȵ˵ϻ쵰û
˾ȣܹ󽫳ϻ쵰ļһʲôӵһڣǺ͹ͬһʱǿߡ
ĸߣԵĿ£Ǵڵʱ̫ԶˣȻΪ޷ͻƣһֱͣ磬ǾԵʵµˡ
վţˣ갡ߵ˵һϵĸоò˸оЩϼһҲʵ̫װ˰ɡ
ھȥɡ
ͻȻɫһֱӳ֡
һתߣٶȿĲ˼顣ʧʣ˵С
ܶ˲һ㱻Ĺʱһ߷߲ƽǶԹ࣬ǶߣǸ϶쳣װƣȴû뵽ڹؼʱ̣Ȼֱˣһ٣ʵЩơ
Ǹϻ쵰ʲôˣҪŪܶ˲ˬ
̵ĿЩܻһۣЦ˵дɥǣ۷սڵĸߣܹǵĻͳְɡ
ֱҭסˣǵɴ۾ֱӱ͡
ɥǣһǧŵ֣ϼһó˭˭ù۷ս𾳽ʱ򣬰ʮϹŴ񣬺ϹŴʮˣ׷ɱ꣬ճʧ˭ľȻڽճˡ
ȻϼһΪֻ߾ŽףҲԽǳԵġ
󽫣ֻҪһ׼ŷ絽ڲ˿ˣپȥ
ҲǿˣеʵԲǿԳ֣Ҳδܹõʲôˡ
ϾϹŴ۷ս뿪磬ϽСߵ̫ϹŴ
УʧϹŴ֮⣬ҲֻôϹŴһǿ
Ѿ뿪ˡ൭˵
Ͽʲô飬ȴ̾Ϣ뵽ŷ缴׷ɱż
ǸܲŷϢڳ˶˺ܶ飬ûзֹŷĴڡ
ֻҪǺ͹ŷһˣǶܲϢ֤˹Ļŷȷʵ뿪ˡ
սŷʲôطڵһŽף䣬оԣһɱⴹ䣬ֱӱĨɱˡ
˶ЩЦãûڹ飬ȻǺܺãŷ䣬ⲻǸԼ鷳𣿲ء
Ǹ˵ϴ󣬶ûʲô˵һ˵Ǳġڹŷ䣬˶Ȼǲ˵ЩҲеֶΣҵŷڵĵط
ҵˣ硣
˷һߺȻƿ뿪
ͬʱеǿ߶жֱ˺Ѵϣ˹ȥһСǳϵĹŷ磬һ֪Լٱ˷ˡ
תܣո뿪ǳ֮һȺǿ߽٣ǿѹֱСǳֱӱˡ
𶯣֪ǿ߳һȺǿֱ֮תߣ˿ҽӽ
Ȼһ磬ǿߣҲͿסȻǼȻọ̃Ҳûһս֮
Ƕ֪ʲô飬ڹҪ֪ȺҪʲô
׷Ҫùŷˡ
뿪磬׷ȥ
ŷõֻأһˣһƿֻأǶ군ˡ
ܶҺҽУֱӳȥǳܡϾô׷ɱһˣǴûзء
˺Ѵϣ׷ɱȥ
ˣĿɿǣ֪׷ɱˣȻǹŷ硣һﾹȻõ˵еֻˣֲô׷ɱء
ܶҲĶͬ׷ȥ
׷ɱŷԽԽ࣬кܶǿƵЦǲһȣŷ粻򵥣Ȼ׷ˣҲδܹɱֻأֻҪڹؼʱֱ̳ˡ
Уǣܹǧ磬ڹŷϣС
ڵҵŮİɣϹκģЩ쵰Ҫɱһʸ񡣡ŷŵЦݡ
˺һһ磬УûڤЩ˵׷ɱǿȴܿ׷ǶӵдˣϹŴ񣬼ûЩ˵Ķ֣Ȼױŷߡ


831 ɱ
һδҲһδ׷ɱ׷ɱֻһŷһ֮׷ɱͻ󣬺ܶͽ񶼲ŷ糹׵һˡ
Цһʱŷ綼ڿǷ
һֱ׷ɱȻķ񣬹ŷҪѡ񷴻ˡ
ֻûʮİգڸԷ˺֮󣬻ܹ뿪Թŷһֱûжֱ֣һħкŷ硣
ˣһ취ЧɱЩˡħ͸˷ܣùŷ綼Щˡ
ʲô취̲סʵ׷ɱôʱ䣬ҶԷʱʩչԶ빥ŷ磬Ȼûʲô̫˺Ҳܡ
ʮɷ𣿡ħģɱ
ʮɷⲻ𣿾ȻУŷɻ󣬻ȻʶԼѾһˡ
Լˣ񻰻ʲô飬񻰡
᲼󣿡ŷѹƲסϲ
ħ˵Ϊۣʮǿ߻ǣԿԲʮɷ󣬾ǸݽȥˣҪһƤ˵ᱻɱ
˵ħһѪЦŷ֪ħΪʲôЦǰ˵ӡ⿪ˣǵħϵھŵӡȴô׽⿪ġ
ûǿߵѪѪħϵķӡ޷⿪ʹŷΪﵽˣҲһ
᲻Σգŷʡ
Ϊɱ˶ԷˣȴʧȥħɱǾЩòʧŷȻ顣
һֻҪַ죬ɶ֮佫ջȥսԶԶԽ㣬ȻҵĻع飬ϹŴķħ˵
ΪǧǿߵѪɷѿˣϹŴķҳˡ
ŷ̴Ӧ֮󣬹ŷһƬĴ磬綼Ҫ˥ˣһ鶼ûС
ڹŷİ£ħԼɷ۳ʮͽ׻꣬ΪʮħԹŷѪι׳͡
ħ죬ڱһ硣ħСֲɷ춯أڹŷ磬תߡ
ͬʱ޾ǿ˺Ѵ϶ֱӳʮɷСʮħֱɱȥһ˲䣬ϰǿ߱ɱ
ȻһЩͽߣʱҲ̲סҽУܵش
ʮɷҴΰ£ŷŭϳʮɷǾ
ȻһЩЩߣܣûз֮£ȻһɱˣȻҲܡ
䣡
ЩǿץˣֱӴͨҪʮɷ󣬶ҲħȻۺ졣
ħг޾ɷʮɷͬʱʮħɱЩǿߡ
һߣ˺һȣеѪ⾫ȫħա
Ǹŭ𣬺ʮɷЩˣóץˡ
ֻһʱģȵЩǿ߷Ӧһ𣬵ֿʮħɱħҲʶˣﲻǾ֮أȻĻڵ״̬ᱻЩס
иŷ緢һϢʮɷֱʧǴûдڹһֻصʧȥʬǲһս
ħõսŷ̲סһһսȻɱٸŽ׵ǿߣͬʱɱͽߡ
һִʤò˶ĺˡףŷԲûл֮쳣ǿ󣬳ǵ
һЩ뿪ǲ࣬ŹŷܹռһαˣδܹͻϮǵڶΡ
һ㣬Щǿ߶ǳġ
ˣһ취ٴչ֮ħٴڹŷ˵
ŷϲ֪һʲôˡ
˵
ŷЦ˵ףħһԲ򵥣ܲνô򵥡
뵽ħϹѩŮһЩԻ˼
ҪҲ˵ģ취ȥյУȻʮɷȥɱǡħתƻ⣬Ȼ϶˵
ŷ΢΢һ㶣ԼȥյУֱӷʲôЦֲħǱһȺΧס֮󣬶ˡ
·ܹܵŷ뷨ħæͣȥӭУǷֳһݷʱȻǷɱˣҲ̫ˡ
ŷ羪ȡ
ǷǿֻҪ˵һѪһһϢķϹŴ񣬷Զ


832 ۳
ŷĶֻҪһѪǾѪʧֻܹܵҪϣħҵֲϣ
һħڹŷǰħڹŷ˵УϿһҲЩһ
ôǿߵѪħǿȻܳƵھŵӡѾһ˿ֲܡ
һݼŵ磬ŷȲ󷨣ȴЩʶƣתߣֻҲ֣һѪˡ
ŷĺܿ죬˺һһ磬Ϣңܵ˺ص˺
ʱǿߣһܣ׷ɱŷмˣԷڲ֧ˡ
ǴԽһһ磬дУһȺֲǿߣ۵ĸ磬ˡ
ڣŷһطŷס
ЩǿɫоɲǷǳЩԾ
ֻʵȴݲǶ룬һȺ˳ɱȥƺƵһǿߣͶŽףǧˡ
һֲ֣һߣһˣǴʱȻǧ¾һϹŴ񣬼ݣҲзë
ŷ类ЩΧм䣬ǻȴûһȳ֡
ʱҶֻ֪Ҫȳ֣ʸ֮ģܻܵ˵Ĺ
ͷֲİߣǰۣ߾ǿߣһˣܹ֮ǰ
ΧǿȫҽӽһɫηȻͬĸߣҲ¶ηɫ
ŷ磬ֻؽ㲻еϴ󿪿ڣʱڳǿ߶˲
׷㣬ƾֵĸ»޷˰ɣһǿĸߣޱȣ׶ߣȻΣǾԲ࣬ͭɫļ˸Ĺľ
˭ҲǵĻǺ𣿡׷ЦĿǸߵϣв
һȻ԰ۻеɵģûи˵
չֳ۵ǿȻ統УҲǾԵٮٮߣͬǿߵУûиǵġ
ܶ˲ȴͷԹۣж˾ֻҪ۸ҳֵĻǾһ֣Ƚۻɱ
ǾԵв
ŷ类Χм䣬û¶һηɫɫЩڿһȺɵһ
ǶõֻأֻֻһҪõֻصĻȴһ˭ʤֻؾ˭ˡŷ絭˵
˻һɫ΢΢һЩġҲ˶Ϥ˹ŷ뷨¶һĨЦŷ㽫Ƕɵɱ֮󣬸ߣİɣǾҪֻأҲɱ֮󡣡
˭ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬˶кܴĵ⡣
ɱۣҵŮΪܷܽɡܷŭɫȻҲԼŮ뵽ԼŮͣԼǰӵŭ𣬺޲ɱһʯ쾪ڹŷһվǰβ޲ó˹ŷ硣
ҲǹģŮˣˣͷӾȻýԼŮ޸ķϺͿˡŷ絭˵
˻һܷɵɫ࣬һŷ֡
ǿգܷɵ֣һͷֲľܣ綼ˡ𶯣һֲǿߣжǿߡ
ڴʱ׷ֵͻȻˣһ֣ɱܷɡ
䡣
ܷը飬סһֱӱɱ
쳣ֲһĻͬʱʾŰ׷˵ǿȻΪסǵһ
˿׷ֵܵ񣬸ӵľ裬˵ǡ
ڣȻǵõֻأҲδܹסĸһʵ̫ǿˣȻĸߣǵĶ֡
˭ûеͷ֮ǰֶԸŷ磬ɱ⡣ߵǿԣڳûκ˸ӣղŵܷɣһӣȻΪһ֮ڰУҲԵòһ
ܶ˷ŭҲɫ˶ηۡ
䡣
ɿֲϢȺ߳ˣ£ۣͷʹڣϻ֮ʵʣǿǵ
ʹŽʣҪƣ׷Ц
ʹŽʲ˵ȴ̤ǰһƳ죬ۣһ㶼·硣
ֲĻߣȻȣһЩƣսȴ棬ĺǿ¡
˵ЩϲģܲܲҪڶˣҪɱӵĻ˰ŷƲƲ죬һм˵ġ


833 յ
ʱ˵Ŀⶼ˹ŷϡʵпܵĻǿߣǲɱ˹ŷġ
ΪǶ֪νֻأʲôɱ˹ŷĻǸֻδܹ֡
Ҫŷ׽Ȼȡڵֻء
ȻҾͳȫ㡣׷ɭȻ˵ûкͻʹŽʷìͷָŷ硣
˶׷˼Ҫӡ
۳֣ŷɱȥǿһͼ׷ҪɱŷΪ٣ĿģҪŷ׽ˡ
Ȼð׷ǵ֣ǿߣȫһ˲֣ǿأ޾ŸһƬ綼ˡ
۳Х׷ɱȥߣּһܣס˵Ĺ
Ȼڲȴ̲ƣǿ֣޷һ˲佫ܻơ
ܣȻˣȻӵпֲķϳ̲ܵסһ
ܣΪһϹŴ񳹵׳ɾϹŴλʱµۼƶɣΪǿϹŴ
ֻϹһսУһϹŴ˲ҵĴսȻδȥԼҲܵشܸǲһ㱻顣
عϽ磬
˶֪鷳ˣǱ׷ƿعŷĻ˰ܵİ׷ǣҪٶȡŷĻͷǳ鷳
ʶһ㣬ǿߣֲĳҪưܵķ
ֲ߱죬һ޴İɫߣҪ綼űˡ
ʹǿʩչһʱᣬ϶ܽܵķ򿪡
ĿŰ׷㿿ŷ磬Ȼһƴڹŷϡŷ籬ˣڴʱһѪɫĵն˳ֱӽ׷ˣȻ˵ǰľ󣬶˱仯
ʮɷһȺǿû뵽ԼֱˡҿղŵӣǸνĹŷ磬Բǹŷ籾ˣӦһ
ʶһ㣬Ǽ˹ŷĽƻ
ʮɷ󱬷һαһθӿֲħӿֲƬƬǿǵͽߣɱıмʮ˵ˣЩ񾳽ʿȫˡ
һħƴȻЩߣЩëȻܵһִΣ
ʮͷħɱһ߸˺ˣǸŭԪɢ⣬ֲܣϯ˷ʮͷħˡ
ڴʱһĨһǸߵԪʧħֱˡñһЩĵĸߣʱҲɫ䡣
ǱΪȻʮɷܹвԼҲ벻ɱǣڿһԸˣӵħĴɱ󣬾ɱˡ
Щ˼⣬ǧߣҺħϹŴΪֲ֣ǵĴ£ûܵ𺦣ʮħɱĸˣ屻ˣȴܹ᳹һ˲ۡ
Щߴһ޵УȴκβЩħ
Ǵ⣬ɱЩħٶΣҲḴʶһ㣬߽ܶĿͶħϡ
ʮħİ£ôħٴλɱһߣǼЩǿߣĿⶼԼϣʱһëֱŷ緢һϢȻһħһʧ
һȺ߲һըΣƺƵһǿ׷ɱһ񾳽СӣڱɱľȻнǧߡ
˵һֳ裬ɱŷ磬ϴˢֳ衣
㣬ֱҵ˹ŷŵĵطһոͣûжõĹŷ磬תߣȺ쵰׷ˡ
ˣڲùܣǲˬĻ͸һ£ҿԱ֤뿪ǵĹħЦе˵
ȻնɱôǿߣЩǿߵѪ׼ʵһλָʱȻ˵Ĵ󻰡
ģŷĶ׷һɥȮһͲˬˣȻΣϾԼָ֣оȫǲһġ
ħܹ֤İȫŷ絹ǲһΡ
ңסħЦе˵ʵָ֮һˣС
ףŷоȡ
һͷϹŴ񼶱ܶնɱ֮ƳļУһԷԷ֮󣬿һ谭һ˺Ȼʱֻж̶̵һ㹻ˡħЦ˵
ħĽܣŷ۾ˡ


834 Է
ڹŷϣһֱ̫⣬ȻҲãŷ˫ûУ˵νġ
Դڸ̤֮һףףŷ粢̫˽⡣
νľԷħѣŷ´뵽
̽УԹŷڵʵȻܹܵǸֻùŷ𾪵ǣոսӴǸ㱻˽ȥ
һʵ磬ڹŷǰɫ΢΢Щͣʲôط
һϤӰ֣ɫ࣬˼Ƿ˰һŷɴ۾һӣ˲Ǳˣǲܶ
Ȼ֪ʲôطܼܶڹŷ˵һϲ¡ǲܶߣȻϹŴ񣬶˺ŷ磬˵ЩߣڲܶǰǾһѹʺ
ҪЦô⣬֪ʲôϧҪǣûУҲϽءܶǿŷ˼̲סҡҡͷЦ˵
˻һŷɵˣû뵽ܶȻϽأϹŴּǿ޷½磬һŷҲ˵пҲϽˡ
뵽һ㣬ŷӶɳˣϢԼŪϽУܶҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҳ̫ˣûнŪϽȥǸסϽ磬ûôı¡ܶûҡͷһӵһЩʲôء
ǣŷɻ
УҿٵһС磬ֻһ۲ǸýССܶЦ˵
ŷȻˣֲòܶͻȻԼǰԭֻһΪǲܶء
ŷЩʧӣ̲ܶסЦҡҡͷѵʱҪԼȹȥģ˵İվֻһʱģ֮Ҫ㣬֮ǰϽ硣
ʲôҲȥŷͷҡǲ˹ģʲôЦʵȻһˣҪϽĻǰŰķݣЩϹŴ۷սʲôģһֶֻ
ȥģֻ֪ͨһȥ֮ҲҪģϽûǵϹŴǿߣǧҪСġܶٴ˵һùŷ絰۵Ļ
ϽûϹŴȥĻֱֻҪһϹŴˣǱŰĽ
ŷһЩ⣬㷢ֲܶһâûԼʶС
һЩԪ֮Ԫ񣬺ԷҵĶϹŴܶʧڹŷԺУ΢΢Щ㯡
ŷ۾ʱȴķ֣ԼѾΧסˡ
ۻĶŹŷ磬гɱҲһһεɱЩ˳׼ŭˡ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣλºΪ󡣡
ڨЦȴתţͨе˳ģŷڽеͨˣаһ
ͬʱڲܶҲЩмŷ緢֣Ϊܶһ˿֮ԼԪ֮ڵԪ֮־Է
ҾԹŷ֮Ԫ֮Ҳֻܼһ㣬ǶԸЩǿߣȴѾ㹻ˡ
ڣ㡣׷һ̲סֱŷ֡
ʱǿߣȴڵһʱ䵲ס׷ֵˣǿŷĻᣬһĻһ㽫׷š
ǵİˣ׼ǳ֣ǲܽӽŷ硣˵˻ʹŽʣӺ䣬һξͲһͱ׷ֵ˳ԶʳˣȻٴη
׷ɱҡ
ܵܶ˶ĿͶǵϣ׷ɫһӾͱˣ֪ãԼѾŭ
ȺУʹŽܹвǣбˣҲôǿ߶
ڴʱŷͻȻˣħնһֲĺۼֱնһĽ׵ǿϣԷҽһֱըˣ񶼱ħ˽ȥ
ڹŷ磬Ƿ˳ȥ
ǿ߱ɫûȵŷʱ򣬾Ȼ֣˶ԥ֣Ҫŷɱ
һΣǾԲŷٴδǵİΧгȥˡ
ڴʱŷϱһ⣬е˻ȥҵڹŷǰˣһһ忪
ŷ紩еʣ˺Ѵϣֱ뿪
ùŷˣǿ߱ŭĽЩܲˣԽ͹ŷӴԽֲôǿ׷ɱ¾ǰǿ߶ˣǹŷȴһٵĳȥɱǲˡ
׷ȥһ׷ɱڶʱڽ


835 ĩ·
һεľԷŷܹ֡
ÿ죬Ѱһʱ֣ȻɱߣȴԻɱһЩͽߣֻҪŷУȻǸߣҲҪͷ
˶Ƿߺ޲ѣ־Է޷ƣȻϹŴ񣬶Ҫһ˲ַ
ŷһʱ䣬֣Ȼ˺뿪
ÿһγ֣еͽ߻ᱻɱ߶ҪˣΪȫҪĹһ˺
µʱ䣬׷ɱŷĽǧˣֻϰٸûдﵽеǿˣʱ뿪ˣǱŷɱˡ
ϰٸߣ׷Ĺŷ·µţϣŷ綼ش˲֪ٴΣܶը飬Ԫ񶼳ơ
ȥɲУǱһ취ŷ翪ڣɫЩ԰ףʵ̫ˡ
ԷǿȻѶԷ׷ɱȴиߣһ磬ʩչҪɱŷ磬ȻÿһζӵҲҪܴĴۡ
ŷϾǿߣЩסˡ
Դķѵ̫ˣʮȴͶסϰٸߣַĺըκһˣŲڡ
ʹͬ׵ĸߣһΪ˺ʵ̫ˡ
Ҫǵ׷ɱֻ취ħЩԥ˵
ŷ۾һϽѯʣĿҪסˣȥŷ֪ԼֻҪһܣô
һİ취ǰռ䡣ħ˵ᵽռʱдһɿֲɱ⡣
ڶأŷٿڡ
ڶǰϽ磬ַֻǵ׷ɱ
ŷЩƣռ䣬Ȼ֪һʲôĵطǸռǺһ磬ɱϣǽռ䣬Щ߾Ҳҽ롣
ΪռоԵϹŴֻҪӦǿ߽룬϶ֻɱ
һ·ŷȥҲܻš
ֻһ·ߣǰϽ磬Ͻ磬ܹ㿪Щһ׷ɱֻǹŷлԥϾǰϽ磬ҪԵģߣҲϹŴ
ܶ˼ϽûˣóȻǰĻδؾǻ·
ŷ絰ˣʱܵһΣյϢŷԥ罣նǰնһֲѷ졣
ĵӰз˳۵һ׷˹ŷɱǿޱȡĸǿƵĸߣŷֱʹýսȻħɨȥɨȣ˺뿪
۱ŭû뵽ŷˣ쳤Хһ̣һȺ˳֣Щǿߡ
۵񣬳˼һȺҲ˵ֱŷ뿪ĵط׷˹ȥ
۸Ͻ˹ȥ˭Ҳʱں棬һʧֻأǧźˡ
ҾˣǰϽ硣һµ磬ŷЩƵ˵
ǲȥϽ磬ˣǿʵ̫£˦ȥɣֻǰϽ磬һ
˵ϽУȻϹŴ񣬶ܴܵƣһ֮䣬Ͻ磬ϽӦǱȽϰȫģǰ᲻ϹŴץ
Ŀ꣬ŷ˺һһ磬ϽϹȥʵܹܿﵽЩϽȽϽ硣
ҲоŷͼǶʱɫ䣬ùŷ뿪磬Ͻ磬Ǿ鷳ˣϽУȻϹŴ񣬶ҵһˣﱻ編ѹƵͨòֵķӡ
һҪֹЩжǳĬӸȥ
ŷȻҲоһ㣬һٶȸˡ
ںʱܣעŷһ޷Ͻ磬ЩǿߣԲڶλᡣ
ԹŷһΣһҪﵽϽ硣
ĿӽŷпܹܵʱΣڷĽӽԼŷ˺һһ磬еһôǱ
ǰȻ׷ϣŷҲл֮ڲһ磬λߣһڹŷ֮£һ֣ŷһ˲䱻ɱ
Էȴʱ仹ûеŷԼЩˣһȵԷʱ䵽ʱһ
ڣȴ֪Լͳ岻ȥ
ŷ粻׷ˣֻҪһᣬ᳢ԣΪֻһ
ŷǸڵ֮ȴķ֣Ѿȫסˡ㾡ȫҲ޷򿪡
ϰһֽͬ磬̵Ĳ


836 Ĵǿ
վ˳Ц˿⡣
ŷ磬ҿλҪӵȥ׷ϳ˵⣬ڽŷסˣֵܵʵǹŷ类ɱкܴĿܣõֻء
ϰλߣŷΪԼӵɡʹŽʿڣۻ룬ϡ
ŷԺˣϰٸߣ׷ɱ㵽ڣҲֻһܹˡ
Щ߶˿⣬Ϊһʱ䣬ıһǺֽͨʩչȴɱŷ磬ͣߡ
ôˣڱɱģϱߵģֻʣǰλˣһֳ衣
𣿰λߣ׷ɱһ׵ʱ䣬ûɱңǻϣҪǣҸطȥʡĻ϶ۡŷ˵һ㶼ЩǵˣȫҪɱˣûбҪǽʲôڵ¡
ܶ߱ŭҲЩɫƽͲںŷĻǿֻǽֻҪŷס˾Уģǲȥܡ
Ҫˣô˵С׷̵Цˡ
ʹŽʣҲ¶ֲɱ⣬Ҳɱŷ磬һ˵Ĵڣʵ̫ˣǳɳҪ޵磬Ͻ綼ˡ
𣿡ŷһЦͻȻһɿֲĶЩߣؿһƣЩ͡
ǹŷƳĶҩΪڹŽʹãûϣЩ鷳ʱõһ㣬ʣ²ࡣ
ڵöֶΣЩҩ϶ɱ˸ߣ˲˶Էֻһ˲Щ͡
һ˲ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ŷ缫ԽʵȫȥҪϣǵķ
ûǹŷеô򵥣ʵ̫ˣλһּӹ̵磬ȻŷǿһҲֻǽóѷ죬ûг״򿪡
ŷЦ֪ԼˣѾûлˡ
ȻϰλٴΧ£һĿɭȻڹŷϣղŹŷҩŵùǺ
ɱ
׷㿪ڣҲ׼ȥҪɱŷ硣
ûпΪ׷֪ԼǿŷĻ϶Ϊʸ֮ģʱЩǿߣԼֵġ
ڴʱֲĲͷ޺գֱǿѹ󳤲֪ɣһŲ£
Ժգɢſֲϣ鶯ɨϰλߡ
һͷȸգɫɨһУЩߺɳȥ
һͷۣۼɭȻ֪ɣſ³һӣòٸ߶ˣһܵش
ŷĿɿڴԺб㴫һŷСѣܼУһΣϽ뿪ɡ
ŷ¶мɫ֪ǰǵ⡣ĸ޾һֱ˺Ѵ뿪
۳ХҪ׷ɱȥ
ǺɨֱӽǳɳȥײһޱߵĴ½ʹŽҲͬȴܵȸǿ󹥻ɫǵü˵Ԫ񶼲һˡ
Ը³һӴضϼߵǰ·
ǿޱȣֱѹЩǿߣǱɫ
ͷֲĴڣȻͬǸߣǾսԺɨǡȻϰλ֣Ҳδܹսǡ
ʹŽʲǴʱȴòͷȸǿޱȣֱѹǡ
ԡۡȸǵʲô˼ҪΪǿ󣬾۸ĸߡ׷ĿɭȻ
ѱʱѹƣ̵ܹסϹŷˣӵ
ҪһȻĻĴ磬ݡһ߿ڣ䣬ŭ
ֻĸ߸˵꣬Ǳ㶯ˣݿֱ࣬ӱǵǿͬ׷ǣû˿ֿ
ǲ࣬ڳֵĴǿߣȻ֮𣬶ȥ׷ȻǾԲּǿߵĶ֡
ǽȸ壬Цһǳǿơ
ԱȽƽͣĽ͵ŷǵ峤һΣҲȹŷһΣӽ쿪ʼŷûжݣǿԾ׷ɱ
˻һЩһɫúѿ
ŷѾӳȥˣѾҪϽУϽУҪɱһˣǳȻϹŴϽҲδܹҵһˡ
ԹŷһϽ磬Ǹʧȥ׷ɱŷʸˡ˵ĺȴ֪Լûа취ҵŷ硣


߾ Ͻ


837 Ͻ
ǿŭȴûзĸǿߣһϣһǵĶ֡
ǲ࣬ľ֣֮ͬоԵ޵УȰ׷ĴڶҪǿƵĶࡣ
ŭĴǿߣԹ
׷ɱŷôʱ䣬ۿҪɹˣȴĴǿٵˣβŭ
ܶڰţȥ֮һҪϱǵʼ棬ɳֻٵĽ硣
һֱ˺ѿռ뿪
ʣϰٸߣֱӳŷǸ磬ֻ֮ʲôоˡ
ЩߣֱӴϽͨ׷ȥ
ǱϽ磬ǻعˣͬʱҲŷϢȥҲЩ뿪֪飬ͺԼûйϵˡ
ŷȥϽ磬ϹŴսٶҲǰ׸ô೤ʱĽӴҲѾ֪Թŷʵǳ֣Ҳѻܹŷġ
ʱĹŷ磬ͨУǰС
ĳ嶯˺ѿռ䣬ŷ֪ǰϽжôĿֲҲǵһΣϸղʹýһڹŷ缫Ϊ
ˣͣټһ͵ˡħڹŷź
ŷķһۣһֻѾ˵˺üˣÿһΣǹ˺óʱ䣬ûеϽ硣
ŷڶ룬ǰ滹ж·ˡ
ж೤ʱ䡣ŷʵ
ħ΢΢˼һ£ſڵ࣬°ɡ
˻һŷһ°ĭ껹һ·̰ӽͨڣһʮʱ䣬ھȻҪʮʱܵ
пܵĻŷһħһھǰ͸Լ쵽ˡ
ʱһһĹȥŷоԼҪ;ƿݵʱǰͻȻһȻӴѹֱϣŷһӱſˡ
ֲֿѹһ˲ʮ򱶣ֲֿѹľ
ŷſڵϣվվǱ˼㡣
ʲôطİûлˣϽҶʶˡħֹǸûпŷôǱӡ
ŷû뵽Ȼ˿ֲǹŷȫʢʱڣǲģȴˡľվվ
һһ˹ΪƾɣŷʱǸʮ꣬¶һĨɫȻ˹
үүһˡߺȻڹŷǰգ鶯Ĵ۾Щʵ壬ʲô˯ź𣿡
ùŷǰڣȻѾˣǿҲһʮճͷѣôܱ塣
һЦЩ˵ˣϢһ¡
ôо˵ЩѾ̫ˣүү˵岻ǿ׳ȢϱȢϱϱҲܵġ괿Ĵ۾ţЦ˵
ŷЩһͨߣŷЦãʲôүүȻԼֶΪһǿߣһСƨ˵ŷҲЩơ
ȻҲЩԼӵԴһ£û˵Ϲ˵ʲôأСȥһҪǵ˾Ͳˡ
ҲЦĵ˵ͷһѽŷ翸ڼ棬Ȼ뿪ŷˣʱĻСأһһɾʱûӦж㵽˼㡣
˴ЩүرʹˣֱӰ֣˵
˽һɽȣмľݣү˵סǽŷ簲һľУ㿪ʼ
ŷҲûţʼָʵӴԪԴԴϵŷӿγһ޴ԪУǸ꿴Ŀɿڴ
үǷǳЦ˵û뵽СӻһֶͨҲʵ̫һ㡣
˵仰үһ֣һεĹԳ֣һƬĶѹȥ˸о˿쳣
ŷ΢΢һֵ߳һ˲䣬ܵһǿϢľף߾һǿߣϹŴ񾳽硣
ʶһ㣬ŷЩţȻˣϾүһֱڣûֵĶȻ˺ġ
ŷ²һʿˣи̾ϽǿһߣϹŴȻǿߵĻ۵ء
ģŷ붨ˣӴԪûУŷеڿٵĻָ𶯣ѪǴһںľԼе֮󣬹ŷ羹ȻҪͻˣΪ׵ʿ
ҲһֱȻϾʿ׷ɱôʱ䣬ŷ粻ͣĶԿǵѾʵ۵һͻƵľ磬ľ֮˳µͻƵףǷǳġ


838 뿪
ףŷǿԣɢһֲı⣬һսһ㣬Ͷ֮䣬ſֲ
ֻŷȻֲֿܹܵȻѾӰжڹŷ˵һŤ
˳ȥߺ꣬ǵл
лңӺģͷҿɲһԷЦе˵´һŷ磬ʱĵͷ
ŷһȫǰ˿ĸозֹ߾һϹŴ񣬷ûǿĶϤ
ղֻһۣ֪߽һжˣһ˽ûС
ûж⣬ƽʲôûвһҲùŷһ߶⣬һϹŴͳ׵ıˡ
ͨܣŷҲ֪Գţϣţǣ˵Ϊǳһ鶯ԲŸ֡
ŷȴ֣Ҳʵ⣬׽ǻԣǳе۳һС͵ǳ
ǳ֮塣ŷ֣Щ⣬ţǾȻǿǳ֮壬ǿ󣬳ɳ󣬿еǻ֮ϹŴǾԵٮٮߡ
ʱţǣѾ¶âȻ˽ףѾԺ͹ŷˣ֮սò¡
ŴҶĶ֡ţͷЩ̾˵
ŷȴҡͷʱţǣԺ⣬սǿľˣ˽ףǾʵǿսƽЩߡ
ˣŷûԼ⡣ҲԯҲһǹŷȴұ֤
ԯ죬Ѿ㹻ޡһףսߣ˭Ҳ֪ʵжôĿ¡
ǲ࣬Ȼ磬Ҳ̫սǽ߾磬֮Ĳ࣬󡣡ŷҡͷ
ţͷЩ˼
СӺܵʵû㹻ʶҴţϵĿУŷҲ֪ţ֤֮񣬶Ǿۼǳ֮һ֤ķʽԲ֤
ǧɳЩһԽһǴϲġᵽǿߣţĲм
ŷȴ˵ţΪϹŴ񣬾ʸ񣬵ǹŷ粻һһʱ򻰶ˣ˾ÿ
Сӻǲ֤Щϲǿһ㣬Ժʮ꣬ʱˡб˹ŷһۣţϵ˵
ŷһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסԺʮʱ˵ҪΪһͬӨŮһ㣬Ͻ磬ɨ硣
ŷȻԼģԼܹΪϹŴ۷ս𣬵Ǻɨ޵֣û
ʱʮ꣬ԪҲ硣
ţϹˣȻţǽϹŴ񣬶һƲôܹȥġŷЦ˵
ţϲÿɷ۾пһеǣŷһָоҲЩνϹŴ񣬶δطţϵС
һɲˣǿҲԽԪǡ
ϹŴ֮𣿹ŷһȴЩ˼飬֪ϹŴе߾磬ӹŵ񣬴û˵˭ܹͻﵽߵľ硣
⹫ȻܹӨŮ񣬵δľͳԽϹŴ񣬱Ͼŷã츳ֲģԼһ֮ͬУԿԺɨһе֣ϹŴ
ȻֻǹŷĲ²⣬ϹŴǸ磬²ʸȥһذɡ
뿪ˡһ죬ţͻȻڣùŷ뿪
ŷһ㶣µʱ䣬֮ĹϵദķǳãȻ뵽ʱȴû뵽ȻǶԷԼߡ
ŷЦãѵһˡ
ţϿ˹ŷһۣǿ˼ЦһߣǴǣ⺢ӽĳɾͣȻܲ㣬δرЩνϹŴͣһðֵġ
ŷɴ۾ţϾȻţ׷Լùŷ缸ԼˡţǵȻɫŷԼû
ֻǣѵţôԼԲţǸԼλľţϵĴ֪ͨܲڵĴǳΣգֻҪ¶ݣƱػ֪ǿߵ׷ɱ
ʱˣҪ꣬ҲҲ˵
ŷ뿪ھܾ㱻ţϴˣ˰֣ѾɳˣȻûȫԼҲУɳľ磬ǼΪģֻоܹ꣬׵ĳɳ
ͻȻţϿŷ񣬼ΪȻ˵㣬Ǹܹɳˡ


839 ؼ
ŷĬţǣȷʵӵһǿİ֣ҿţǵı֣ҲܹΪϹŴһ׷ߣǶ˭˵޷ܾġ
ţǲһˣ̫ˣľϵ㳾Ⱦһų֮ģܹ档
Ͻռǿߵ԰ҲյĹأѪǣһСģϹŴҪޡ
ߣΣգûκκôǰҲܹҵ֪ǳϽУʲôӵĺŷЦҪܾ
ܽţǴվҲҪţǳһС
ţǿʮ꣬Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳʵ̫Сһˡ
죬һͿԼˡţϵ˵ǳȻ
ŷƲ죬бͷ˼ˣ
Ǹ쵰ţϴЦϱǵصϣذ˻ģϽ綼·ϢУΪֲ
Ǹ쵰ȻˣҲȷʵˡ
ŷеãȻѵνˣȻĴڵĻνҲˣľԵرЦˣϾţǿߣδܹ˵
˭֪أҶ֪˴ڲڣȥϹҲ֪ţϵ˵
һ仰ùŷЩëȻʲôȥϹ
Ѿˣֻһ˿δ𣬹ƹãҲҪĥʱĳˡţЦ˵
ŷɴ۾ͻȻ֣һȭţϺ˹ȥ
飡
һ죬ŷɳȥײһɽ죬ЦԳԼѾ˵ļһô͵ļһҪˣء
Ҫţͷ̫ˣһ˿ܹϹŴ㲻Ÿոܿһ߾ŽףȻͷҵĶ֡
ŷԼԴĻסˣʵһߣĴţϡ
Լ˵ֻһ˿Ļţϣֱֲ̫ˣһ˿ϹŴ۷ʱ򣬵ʲôӵĴڰ
ҪˣڵЩϹŴ񣬶²ҵݣǴߣͷҲһطԼˡţϵ˵һӣǿ͸ѵĲˡ
ŷȴڸ̣ܾãϼһֻʣһҲδˣ̫ˣƭԼ
˵ˣŷٲţǣһ˵ȥˣ˵ͷͬţϵĻ
ţǵõϢ֮һ㶼⣬߹ŷ磬ʱţѾһǿߣҪߣ紳
ŷֵʱţǱѾʶŷҲǸǿߡ
Ͼôүһֱûмˡŷ̾Щϼһһ˲ãţǳʱ򣬱Ѿδֱƿ¡
ŷţǣ뿪Խһһɽ˲֪Զһǳء
쳣ΰһǳأǽһֺɫʯͷɣɢĹ⣬е۽ˣ͸һɾԶĲɣϢ
ǣǵ֣֮Խ֣ΪϹŴͳڵĵط
棬ϹŴе࣬ϲȥʲô̺Դֻһǳأס
ڳУһƬгûǿʳദķǳƽȡ
ȻһЩĵӣЩΪߵʿҲǷǳºͣǶԴԼһ
ϽΨһһҪǿάּĳǳأҲǱʵСһǳء˭ҲСǣܶǿߣֲٽ볤ǣвߣ˵лϹŴ񣬽ǳء
Ȼ˵ϾǴ˵˭Ҳ֤ʵһǴҶ֪ģǳУǧҪκˣҲһ࣬һߡ
Ư֣һǵһֵطءţǳ̲֮ס˷ܡ
ǵһνӴôˣСһڴ֮ǰûмŮԡһɻĶһŮʿʱ򣬹ŷϽһסСӣߡ
ɲ㱻鷳һɫǡ
Ǹ˺֣ôǳòһؼ÷ţ˷ܣĿһŮʿת˻
ŷͨ죬ǸŮʿɱ˵Ŀ⣬ţǾߡ
ò׺ţǽ˺Ů֮ţŻȻԭϻŮǰԺУǴûŮָġ
ţҲˣ˼ҵġؼʮֲòΪСЩΣҪȥҵŮʿ˼ҵǸ
Һùŷ罫סˣȻĳˣåˡ


840 
һ֪ţǣŷͷۣһʲô֪ʲô档Һûǳ鷳
߽һֵĽֵȫʿľȻҲд񾳽Ϊǿһߡ
ǵǰһĶһôЩһֲֿԡ
ööţ۾Ź⣬ǹŷ˵Ͷˡ
һ⣬һܹʮ꣬ӰĹһߴ󺰣ֻǹŷôҲ⣬ʺеơ
ѩ񣬲ԪʥҩҪһٻȡ
һȺ˽ĺöҲвټٻȴܻˡŷۿһסһͷ߱Լ칷⣬Ȼȥˡ
ùŷ翴Ŀɿڴ֪˵һЩʲôˡ
ħǰ֪ʮ֪꣬ʮꡣһ˹ŷ⣬һݵϵʿǳǣһ˫ӣȴĳ棬һ
ϵʿΧܶ˶ԶԶģɫη
ŷЩ⣬ĳϵʿһ׵ΪʵΪ磬Ӧñء
Ͻеǿʵ̫ˣ֮ͬ꣬಻ʤ
ǱȱȽǣ㶼ҵһѣϽУܹǿߣҲҪﵽ񾳽硣
㣿үүأүү㲻ʮꡣţһȵӣֻǿϵʿΪʱЩɻ
һΪأȻǰʮ飬е㲻˼顣
ŷЦ˵ƭ˵ģүүǴͨ
ţ⣬֪ʲôƭˣǾϵʿȽϿţֻҲΪŷ˵Ǽٻ
δʮ꣬ʱϵʿͻȻĿⶢڹŷϣĿڣùŷͫһ
ǱĻŷ粻⣬仰ɱ̫ˣţҲ˵Ļѵֻһɺϡ
ϲĶģСӽ˲ˡ˽ͷӶСۡ
ȻǶϣǳŷ
϶һѾǧûΪˣһ˵ɻҪΪϹŴ񣬹Ȼ֮͵õԵͻˡ
ǧǰԤڤҪ𣬽ûй죬ڤͱɱˣķǳҡ
ǧǰ˵սҪ䣬û£ս㱻һصǿɱ
պ˲ˣʮʱѵ˵ҪΪԪǿ𣿡
Щ˲ۣͣùŷ羪ȣڷ֣ԼСϡд£ܹ㵽ϹŴ䡣
ȻΪߣǾˡŷ˼һ£ûֻ߽΢΢˵ͷ뿪
ò˵һȻǳ棬ҪԴ֮һֱ˵Ϊ˵ѡеǸˡ
á
ͻȻ˵һ֣𾪵УվȻ뿪һһ仯һ۵꣬üĿһɿֲϢϽ硣
ϲѣڵóԸһӰ֣Ҳһֻ꣬һͷ׷ɢӣһ㣬ǳµָ䡣
ڵȵǸˣֻûеȵҪĽҪһʱĵȴϿڣ볤沢ǿ˹Žδޱȡ
ʱ䲻̫ġЦ
ڴʱĹŷ磬Ѿ뿪˳ǣţ뿪ΪӦһֲĴڣ
ŷȻûиоԷĶ⣬ݣʵ̫ˣȻͣԲ뿪
ţǸڹŷߣСȫǼᶨ
ͬʱϽбһϢеĹŷ磬Ͻ磬Ҵħֻء
ϢһȥϽˣ˻ϲҲŭ
һЩϹŴѾ֪ϢǲûţֻڰѰҹŷ䣬ʱϢһ治סˣЩϹŴֱҧ
ŷФ񣬴Ͻ磬ֻҪϽеǿߣ׽ŷ硣˵ֻأħ㹻һЩ˵һֻᡣ
ֻҪõħǵʵԺɨϹŴ֮µǿߣϽ綼ܹߡ
ϾϹŴȻ٣ȴ׳֣ҷֲϽ磬ʵҲһ
ڳУһӳϹŴ飬ǺˡϹŴ飬ͬһͳĵӣǲۼһġ
鷳ˡŷһСǳ֮󣬱һȺǿֱ׷ɱ˹֪ʲô飬ŷҲսţǾܡ
СǳУǿ߲һߣûܹ׷ǡŷУȴһԵУϽ磬Σˡ


841 Ϣ
磬ôôࣿǺ񶼲̫ϲ㡣ţЩ㯣ǾԼŴ磬ƷĺãȴףϽˣ񶼲̫ϲһ
ŷЦô˵ѵ˵ԼƷãԲű׷ɱġ
òƹŷһ·˵ԵУҲ࣬һ·ɱڣûйʲôӡ
£̫ʬ壬ܶѻһɽ
ҲǼʴ糤˧ɡŷڱ㳶
ţͣſڵʵҾô绹ûҳúÿء
ŷɫһڣС쵰
Ҳ˵ȴʼıԼòһֵڼĸı䣬ǻٸˣ
ǸʶŷϢܿŷݡ
ţǺޱȣŹŷһͨ꣬дͣһɵһ
ŷҲڸţǣò˵ţǾԳƵһţܿҽԼӢޱȣùŷүǣĶЩˡ
ԼѾһͨòҲ˼Լòٵ
ٴγֵʱ򣬱ѾϲϽܶѰҵĹŷ硣
ؾˣһνؾˣԵõԵ̸ۡ
ؾǻ֮ĴУЩϹŴۺ죬ǵõĴУпܳʮꡣ
ԵõĴУͿԪǣЩϹŴλ᲻񣿡
̸ۣùŷǾȣνĻؾһĵطдԵΪĴУǵõǰ;
Щ˵̸ۣŷ˸֪ﲻлĴУѰߣµıЩʿ˵Ҳһ
磬ȥؾɡСһ۾һ
ŷԥһ£Ҳ˵ͷҲҪȥؾпһ£ڻĴУŷ粻лĻõһУҲǼõġ
ٺĵ໥ӡ֤ŷܹԼ
ţһ֮󣬹ŷ̵ͷͬ顣
ؾʱ䣬а£ŷţҲżǸȺһǳء
ǻǣ濪ٵһǳأפСڵĻţȻǰ죬ȻһϹŴ򣬸Ӱ˷
ѾһЩʶţǣҲᶢŮӵزˣڹŷߣһСֻ࣬С೤̫Ӣһˡ
ǽһ¥Уǿơ񾳽ǿߣȱȽǣҲһһɰ
ŷţǣһλһЩƲˡ
˵һκʥԺҲг֣һ춼Ҫؾˡ
˵ŷʥԺĸ֣Щ⣬ǵԯݺͽţǱʥԺˣ䲻
ѾǺʥԺĵһˣһǿߣڲǰ죬ʥԺһֵͷ
ǰɣ˭ô˵ϽΪ֮ܳһôܹһͷѩ׵ʿţͷܴϽУһһЩȡ
ضĳЩɵţʥԺԲܴ졣
жϣƲǺġ
ǲ´ˣǸǿߣϽˣʥԺĳϿأϽ磬żʱ䣬ɳѹүˡһ꣬ǰĶ֣ʱ֪ݣļҵӵܡ
ô𣿡˾̾
̬һŮ˵ǸеĻҪһλ߾Ž׵ʦȻûǸ˶սȴΪǺʥԺĵһ֡
˶ɴ۾߾Ž׵ĸߣôܡ߾磬Ҫܸߣǿ콾Ҳܡ
ŷսֲĴڣҲǸŮӵıˡ
ʲô֣˶Ȥ
ѵýԯݺᣬŮĽţˣү̬ȻʥԺĵһ֡Ǹļҵӵܿڣơ
һֱļĽȴˣȻûг֣һߣѾ˵ս
磬ǸŮĺ㲻˶ҪһҾҪˡţ۾⣬һӡ
ŷû˵Ҳ뺰ʦ
ţɵۣ֪ŷʲô˼
ҵͽܡŷƵ˵


842 
˵ǴģԱҲţǵɴ۾Ǹ͵ŮˣȻǹŷͽܣҲ̫˼˰ɣ
磬㡭㿪ЦɣţЩͰ͵˵
ŷʵţһ㣬ܿߣǾԻܲ˸ߣǹŷȴ˵ǸܹܸߵŮȻͽܣҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ûİţһۣŷƵ˵ͽܱʦܹ𣿡
һûʲôϣϼһͽܱԼܿġǹŷ粻һɲϼһڻһڣΪԼˣȴû뵽ԼյͽܣԼˡ
ڹŷ˵ֱƴˡ
ǴҲ̫ˡŷƵӣţ͵Ц
ţһۣŷҲɻԯݺŵʣĺܿǿ϶ģ˵ô̵ʱڳԽŷ磬ԵĲܡ
ŷ²⣬ҲõʲôԵȻôߵΪ
ڳ˼䣬һֲˣŷһһǿߣߣţһһ
˵ľʵԲһǿĶ֡
Ұˣ뿪ɡͬʱҲ֡
˽üĿһͷɫĳԺһɫսףһѳԵ쳣Ӣ䡣
죬ӡ˾뷴ʱȴһ㻰˵ͷ
һЩˣֱĸ֣һֳصѹʹǸļĵӣʱҲɵıɫǡ
ҲһЩûվмӡЩ˶ǼΪǿĴڣ󲿷ֶߣҲһЩŽ׵ǿߣǶһţ̫ηӡ
һ󲿷뿪ˣֻһСˡ
ŷţǣҲû뿪ǰˣû뿪ʸ
ôҶ֣ɫһЩɭȻ˵
һվ뷢԰ףһ߰˽׵ǿߣʱŭɫӶӵϣӣе˰ɣúóԷ˵߾ߣЩ˵飿
˭ӵʵ
ڤ档߰Ȼ˵߰˽ףȻߣҲߵĿܣϹŴԳ֣ɱǡ
ڤɵǿľˣԲǺܼɵӡ
¶һ˿мЦݣԭֻڹ꣬ǻòͷˣҶơ
Ļ˵̤꣬ǰһǿϢڣڤ溧Ȼķ֣Լȫˣƶһѡ
ʱһȭ˹ƻȴһ޷ܵĸо
ۡ
һ죬ڤ汻飬Ѫ⻹δɢбһ棬һɾ
𣬶ôĸɴ౩ҡ˶סˣȻӣɫš
ҲһЩǿ߷ȻҪվȴסˡ
ʵɲ⣬Ҫվһ۷սĸһΪǿ۷ս𣬳һ
ֻһãԶ簮ˣϻ֡
ЩˣδضӣǶһ۷սȴĻη
˶뿪ˣȼˣĨӣ˼뿪Ƕ쵱ǰǿߣǱһ󱲸ˣ˵ȥ涪̫ˡ
ôѵҶ֣ɫ
ӣҲǺ㸸һˣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡһǿߣΪȴڿҪߵˡ
ȻͲ󣬵ʵ䣬ȴǳˣͬһˣҸΪ۷սϣ㲻һССߣȻҲᲢֱۣһЦӴЦ˳
Ǹ߰˽׵ǿɫ࣬ȻҲ֪˵ʵȴһֱĸо
һȣֱӳˡ
ЦһⶴԷը飬ͬѪǱյʲôûʣ¡
ʣµǿɫÿˣҲԸ뿪Ͼغǵӡ
ӣҪǸӣҲǲԣ񣬶ӣѵûʲô뷨𣿡һ߿ڣֱָŷˡ
ԵˬĹŷ磬ԷĻֱһӲ˹ȥֱӸǸߵԴϣǸֱ
СңǸ߱ŭ
Ļ˵꣬һӨӱֱӽߴӷк˳ȥ˶ŷղŸ˦һѾƣγһӣһλ߽׵ǿߡ


843 үү
ֶΣʵ̫ǿˣЩ˼ĸо
Ͻʲôʱһǿˣףֶο߾Žˣ̫ˡ
ȻӣΪ۷սѪѪ֮ǿĲ˼飬ҲֻǴǸսΪѾﵽŽˡ
ӣԹŷʱ򣬶Լһ
Ȼûӣ֪ʲôǲáһֲļһ˭Ҳ֪ûʲôǿĴڣһǳ鷳¾ϵȲ
۷սǺǿ󣬼ɨ磬ϽĴڣ𣬳ǴﵽԪǸ磬С
䡣ŷ絭˵ȻԼĶ
Ҳ鷳ţ˵ҲչԼĳԶҵ˶̫ɵһˣܹ
ŷϣܵһ˿ϤϢ͹ϵϢеơ
ӣܿǹˡ
Ƕ뿪ɡˣ뿪
ЩǿһвԸ⣬һۣû뿪
ٲߵĻҾǡţǵ˵
Ļһ˵ڣӶЩˣʶŷڳ˶ţҲܹô
һϣô̬ĻʹϽ磬ҲĬĬ
һ߸뷢ţֱӽŷľѶ˹Ȼֱ˳ȥͬһӳ֣ȴǹ㣬ǸûֱӺɳȥ
һĻ˿ĿɿڴСȫһȻ̬ˡ
ʣµˣʲôû˵ת뿪ˡǾ¥ʵ̫Σգһ̬κһˣɱǵʵ
ʹһȺǿһ𣬶оЩȫ
СӣţưŷֹͣԶбӡ
֪ΪʲôӾȻһĸоεЦЦȻЩȵ˵ȿȣλֵܣղŶһᣬֵ֪ܲôԵ֮¡
ƨ˭ֵܡŷûİһۣһ㶼
ЩˬϾǰȻǱϾǸ߰˵ˣԼһ۷սȻǻη塣
뷢ŷڣ󽫺ʲôϵ
˻һӶɳˣͼйϵӶ֪ڹŷ翪ڱʳһ⣬һֲִĸо
㵽˭ı鶢Źŷ硣
󽫣һԻ͵Ĵ棬Ϊȴ£۷սеٮٮߣȻδֲΣҲ벻Զˣһ޵еˡ
ȻڻԻ֮ͬ޾ĳҡ֪һйϵĻǼΣˡȻаһ۷սҲܶסЩѹ
Ǻ󽫵Ĺϵһֱñ֪
кһϢӦݡŷ翪ڣΪ϶
ӵĺëըŹŷ磬粻ͣɱȻҪɱڡ
ǵŷʵȴûһգϾ۹ŷ绹ţǣһˣܹһƽ֣һֵĻսܵ˾һпܱ˻ɱ
ôʲôǲǵˡŷ絭˵Щ֣ѵǰ˺͹г𣿲ȻĻôֱ֡
㵽ʲôˣʣûзɾ裬ӽˡ
¹ŷڻᶯ֣ʵ϶ס˵Ĺ
ŷ𣿡ŷ絭˵
˻һӵɴ۾ǹүү
ڳԷţֱӱǺסˣҵĿСһһָֻŹŷ磬ȻٶŹŷ磬Ŀı顣
Уүүģֻӵͷŷ绹ôᣬеܲˡ
Ḷ́ŷûлشӵ⡣
үүҲһ壬󽫵׸磬һͷ̵Ѫ֮үүǿһǰһӡʵĽ͵
ŷͷܹܵϵϢһϢ֮⣬һϢͬ壬ǸǿӦþǰһϢ
ŷò仯ԼĿòʱ򣬰¶ϲɫ
ڵϽУŷǷͷʢļһϽа˳ФѾܣ԰ӵݣȻ
һ̾ҪΰݣŷǷ޵ĹϵϽѾһˡ
ˡŷһϽ˵òٴαͨӣͬʱӣҪ¶ڡ


844 
һѹնǰоͷǼޣٶŽס
ǴֱˣͷŽ׵ޣҸޱȣʶߵǱ
һˣɴ棬ȣˡ
ͣ£ƣһ̤գ¥
ŷ緢֣˳֣Ǵ˼Ѫһ˶Ȼһ¡
磬ӷ𣿡ţֵʵ
ŷһҧԼͷһ˵ʲôأ
ҿЩɽе෢鶼ܵģǷˣÿ¡ţֹ
ӱЦŵӲˣݺݵĵһţǣţһ㶼¡˵ŷ֮仹ݹϵʵţǶӲ
˵ƴǸųԼѾ˵ţϣԱһϹŴǿ
࣬һͷŷЦá
Ϊʲôһ෢飿ţǲ⡣
Ҫ߽Ůһ򣬲һˤˣ͸ɴĵĿⶢţǵϣֱҪһ
ŷûһȣֱţǵĿУѵĶ
ţǲ˵ˣӲһղţǵļ仰һɱ˵ĳ嶯ü˶ʲôõĸоӿҪˡ
ʥŮԼС쳣ңʥŮָָŷţǵӣϴһĨ͵Ц˵
ʱӣ͸ղŵǸǿƵȫһֱǱһһʥŮڹŷ棬ΪŷݣΪĹүүʸΪȥŮӵġ
ʥŮժɴ¶һϲĽգüĿ续ɡ
΢΢ԣȻ˲䷴ӦŷܵλʥŮɣһεƽ̡
ӵĻŷţ΢΢ݡϽһӴ߳ȻʧʱĳУȻټڸϹŴ򣬾һ
һʥŮδļ̳ˣߵ콾ˡ
ŷͷĳ֮һЩ㺣ģӵĳ̫Ļݡ
ڹŷдûһ㲻ɫֻһ˫ЩĶڹŷţǵϣ˵ϣɸӦֲֿ֪˶ǷˣȻ񾳽磬ս߽ˡ
ÿһֵ˽ܣгϹŴĿܣһӳβݡ
ȻҲ˵ͨߣûгΪϹŴĿܣͨ߳ΪϹŴĲеĵپߣΪɨϵ£޵ʮꡣ
ɣҵĹүү󽫵ɷҲǴ˵еõֻصĹŷ硣Ϊɽܹŷ磬ֱӽݸˣùŷЦãӣһΪŮˣˡ
ݣû뵽ǰ۵꣬ȻķзĹŷ硣
ûгɾϹŴϽȴôͷˣŷͷһ
ŷݺݵԼһۣڨڨһЦҲˣүүͼ°ɡ
һ֣ŷҲˣ֪Լ˵һЩʲôźˡ
Ц˵ͷүүԼˣԯҵʦ棬˵Ҳҵʦء
˻һŷɴ۾û뵽ȻɴõԯϢ
ŷԼЩˡ
ЦŵͷԯʦȻϽ磬ǱһλʦϣֱΪӣǳλʦ֮⣬еλߵĴڡ
ŴͣȻ֪λʦʲô磬޽ӽּĴڣȻû磬ҲԶˡ
˿ϣΪӣԿɼԯˣǿϹŴ񶼼Żġ
ɣûִŷܹоŮ˵ΪҲŽ׵Ĳȣսһ㶼Ӳһ㡣
̫ˣϧڲȥ㡣ŷ缤ͻȻЦһȥұ֤Լİȫһٱ¶ԻΪԯ鷳
ԯŷŮˣһһЩˣԹŷھԲȥԻ
Ҳ׹ŷ˼Щ̾Ϣ
Щϵ֮Եø׽ˣ춼Цˣԯһϵ֮飬Ҳʲô谭


845 Ͻʮ콾
үүҲõģԯʦʣºܴܿﵽʦǵľ磬ԯʦϽʱ򣬾Ѿ۷սˡ׳һϢڳļ˶Ŀɿڴ
ŷ綼û뵽ԯնʮߣΪ߸߽ףȻ˯˵ԯ۷ս𣬵ǹŷ粻̫š
Ϊ۷սΪϹŴּܳΪĴڣڿ˯û˵ѣԯ쾹Ȼĳ۷ս
ֻԼ֮Ĳ࣬ٴˡùŷ綼ЩɥˣʾԿƺ˫ȻҲôı֡ںԯһȣŷȴԼʲô㣬ڹŷ˵һִ
̬ǳǿֻ΢΢Щʧ󣬱ָˡ
˭񾳽磬ҵһ۷սϱǹһ˰ɣŷЦ˵
ֱڳ˶һղŹŷɫǿУ¹ŷţǼ⣬ãŷڻǳľ
һλؾ᲻ϹŴμӡŷʳһ⡣
ڻؾ˽ⲻ࣬ӺҲף˵ŷϽ綼̫ˡ
ϹŴ棬룬л湦컯֮ǰ޽һؾȻϹŴ붼ᱻɱǿԳ֣ϹŴ֮µˣֲֻֿڻؾһЩСֶΡɻش
ùŷЩԾϹŴܽؾȻǻ治ԼؾţŪƵġ
Ȼ룬ǾԲܽȥΪǶͬǿߵأΪһǽģ޵Уʮ꣬Ȼȥһǿߵĳߡ
Ҳ˵ֻи߽ȥĻǾʹпΪǵʵ֣Ժɨһеˡŷо˸
ԯĽе̼ŷ磬ҪΪؾһԵ
֪ŷĻ˵꣬ȴҡͷүүһˣڵʵԲܺɨˣϽǿƵļһ̫ˣǵʵδرȹүүǿЩһﶼǳȺӣһļǿߣүүԴܣĻүүƹǺ
ŷɴ۾̶ֳȵţѵܳȺӳ
ŷһŵӣӿЦ˵үүϽ磬磬ǿߵչ޵أǿѪ̫ˡ
ŷ֪Լ̫ˣ˵ǿߵչ޵أϹŴǿߣλǵѪһǸ˽ܡ
ʶһ㣬ŷһӣʧˣ֪ԼӦʱЩνϽţĲ̫ࡣ
ҶˣһνؾȷʵһλᣬǲܷŹܵõٶ١ŷо˸
ȻϽŶ࣬ţ֮ͬУûԼĶ֡
Ȼǿ۷սѪǺ͹ŷһȣҲѷɫЩ˱ǿ١
֮ǰı֣ŷҲϽҲǶ˽ܣԵٮٮߡ
үүҲõģҿϽеܹȵģҲֻʮʣҰħ½˽ܣۡЦ˵
ϽΪܳʮ˽ܣǿޱȣжϹŴǱų֮ͬ޵С
ӣδȻʵʵǲ١
кʥԺеļһЩ֮⣬ܹүүȡҲڣӵĻ
ʮˣһĸ֣ŷͻȻãԼǰеˡ
磬ܹɨһеУһ仨ˮţһ߳Ŷһŷźü̲סһЦ
ԺҪҹүү͹ŷˣţ°ɣҵֲܴȥŷԸȻ˵ͷʾԼסˡ
̸Щ飬Ƿʼ̸죬˳̸һԼ顣ŷ緢֣ЩϽţȫΪѪǿԲı֣ǶԼĵһļ⣬쳣أ߳Լ·
һʦ󣬽δܹΪϹŴ񣬵ԿˣһС
ϽвֹٸһЩСɣûϹŴǵʦǸߣǼⲻʦµĵӣδûнϹŴĿܡ
ЩеǱʵһ㶼ϹŴµĵͳ
¥ǰˣ뿪ɡ̸˵ʱһŵ˹ùŷȻв۵ļһǵط


846 ϳ彣
˵һˣһͽߣŷǽĿתƵԼϣǹɿֲѹÿһ¡
ЩֵŹŷ缸ˣľθоǰļÿһɱ
ԲλҸղ˵ˣټͽ߷ӦҲǿ죬֪ǰ˶Լﲻ˸Ǹתߡ
ث֡
ţȻʧЦҲ룬ϹŴһõܲث¾ŹŷʵҲҪת߰ɡ
ϾȣҪһ㡣
ɲث֣Ǵ˾Ҫ죬һζĸǿֻ۶ϡŷţǡ
һӣȻûȥùŷЩЦá
ûнǸ󺺷ϣȴ֣ԼˡΪûжãһȺ˹
Щ˴ǵͽߣֻǵǰл졣
ϳ彣͡ʱ̲סҧгݡһߵɣЦӵдһ˿Ų
ʶǣŷʵ
ĳ꣬ÿһʵֻһ㣬һֵĻֻܵķݡ
ɫͨ죬Ȼ˵ԼԷʱֵֻͣȴԵѹӣһס
˵һֳ裬Ҫһطȥ
ûлش𣬵ǶԷȴ̲סЦ
һΪ˭۸Сأԭ°ܽһܵǰǻ밤𣿡彣ͷΪľˮ彣ǵϴ𽣣Ųɫ죬һ̲סİ
ӻסеŭ˵ҪǵĵطȻȸ״ǻҪ
ǲҪ֪ģ㲻ֻ̼ǣ˵һҪѵһ٣ҪˣǸöѿЦ˵һһ
۵ʵ⼸˻治һǿӶս˶Ǳذܵġ
Ҳ彣ǿƵԭ֮һӵ㹻ʵֻҪǵϹŴ۷սϽкܹвǡ
ŷȴ̲סЦˣȻ˳ԼҪ˵彣ĲҪˡѣŷ綼
ǶȤͬʱҲӳͷ뷨
ǹСŷվ˵ָ彣ͣȻ彣һϡ
ʹӣʱ̲סɫ彣ȻƷզأʵȴԵǿӲ΢һ㣬֣Ժκš
áţ£ԣߡӸϽѵɲŷԼǰԿ
ŷȴҡͷ˵ΪǲߣҲһսģȴ彣ͣӦгɾ͸еġ
ŷĻ彣̲סЦ
ֵǣǣЦ𽣱ʵŷһĨ⡣
彣ȻƷզأʵȴòͬģϹŴû˭˵ܹͬʱսˣΪϽһֵļһﶼС
ǳЦҲǳ޴ľڡ
ˣӦøһѵ֪ʲôǫ¡ˮ˵
ҲģֵܣҪʬΡƢ𱩣ʱѾɱˡ
ս
һֻ˵һ֣ȴ쳣أ彣͵ľ
ɺЩżţһ㶼żЦǺǵĿһĻȻڹŷžԵġ
ȻˣȥһսŷЦ˵
ʵòǲĶԷܹϳԼݡһ̤⣬ͬʱ彣Ƕ⡣
ŷϱֲϢֱ彣˹ȥ
彣ͱɫǴһ뱬ϵƣŵסŷĹƣֻǵɫҲɣ΢΢
ҲǸֻ֣ƽѾףŷԲ򵥣ȻδֵĶ֣˹Ҫܹŷ磬ҲҪѲС
ڻеˣʱõϢ֪彣ҪڳսȻԸŹһ˳϶ŵˣɫ̾
Ǹ˺ǿ󣬾Ȼƾһ˵ƣ彣⣬Եĸ֡˾̾
Ȼû㹻ĵô彣ͣҿǼһԲ彣͵Ķ֣һ壬Ͻһһ֣δʵ彣͡
˶ùŷ磬ֻţǳ⣬Ȼʵ͹ŷ࣬ȴùŷԵ޵УϹŴ֮£ţǲΪܹԹŷš


847 ս
ŷһ£ֶȻòͨȴһִϣӿ֮䣬лڿ졣
һ־˵彣Ͷܵһѹɫء
ͣ
ΪңֱӳˣʮɵĽ£նư߲񷡣
˾̾彣ƷȻôǾʵǳǿֻϽʮ콾һ㣬˾ۼһ𣬿ɺɨϹŴ֮ǿߡ
ŷ岻ֻǼ򵥵һȭתǬһ飬ɢڳС
򵥶ֱӣȴչֳǿսŷıòǰһףǿϽʮ콾ǿߡ
ͫ΢΢һ⣬ʱȴȫʧˡɫأŹŷ磬Լĵˡ
ֻһӴǱжϳŷս֮ǰĵ˶ҪǿһǰδеĴС
һ֡
𽣺һ˫ָͷһգо˵ϰٵϰֽɫ̫ѹ¡
һִѣŷվĵطɫ̫ȫûˡ
ŷ쳤Хڷ裬һħϲڰ˳ȥɨЩɫ̫
޴ĺͣĴɢŷȻ
ľ֣гһɫһնһɫ磬йľ죬̺Ű
ľ֮硣
ľɫ²𣬵ƽ£̺һɿֲɱ
ŷгһڵ磬ֻеһʩչһ磬ľ֮һ
޾˲䱻⣬ľɫ΢΢һ䣬ٴնһûһƬռ䣬һС
ơ
ŷһȭڷ⣬ͷһֲԣȻնϣľɱȥ
ǿµı֣κһС
ˮȻһ̲£ӵ࣬ŷû
𾪵ǣŷδܵκӰ죬򷨲֣նϣһ赲
ˮûзӦ㱻ŷ۽
ˮɱ
ˮ󾪣ֱӽ̲ᣬҪŷСⲻһĺǾˮ߶
ŷ类⣬ˮһͺȻˡ
޴ı֮ϣֿµƣŷɱ
ӭִһԪ۵С磬ŷ絲һߡ
ŷС磬ֱӳƣѩƮȻվڿУСһս˲䷢彣һ֣ȴûκιŷ磬һ־˵Ľ
áţҲ̫ˡզࡣ
Ȼ彣͵ĹƣҲæңҪǹŷУȻǲܡ
ı֣ܶ࣬Ҳ͹ŷսϵĲಢ󣬵˵ֶλǣȴ̫ˡ
ţţҲֻˣǸŮӡɾ̾
ţǣһȣûûεĳţСһһ㶼ģû˭ܴӮŷ磬ϹŴԳ֡
ϳ彣ˡһ˷ܣϲ˵
Աһʿֵʳһ䣺Ҳϳ彣۸
ɫһ죬ȻеƵĵͷսǣһжûнס㱻ɨʮ˵һֻʮ֮һ
ǸʻʿҲˣΪŽףǺͬŽ׵ϳ彣ȣҲ̫˰ɡ
Ҫ֪彣зˣǹģʮ֮һɨʮҲ̫ϲˡ
ҳСˣţ¶԰ɣֵǿ֣Ϊ˱ʾأǻóǿ㡣ɫص˵
ղֻһ֣̽ŷǿȴǵСףʹǿֶΣпսܡ
ԸҲŷЦ
Էֺγǣûжüս
˵ĶԻòӶɳˣǸղžȻûжǿֶΣҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ǵ˼ǸʵҶĿתҪһսκδ
һӰ֣£Ѫһͷͷ̫У졣
Щ˶Ǹߣʮ𣬴ʱҲ̲סۿǿ֮ײ
ֻСȴ˵ĳ棬ôҾ̾ϹŴֵĻһսϽ硣
ʱ򣬹ŷǵƶˣһգǿƥ
ľˮ彣ϢһƬƺƵȻǸ߶ɫ̫ˣǵ


848 彣
ŷɫأ֪Լֲĵ֣彣ϣ֦ͬǻһˣս׷ϵġ
ŷ粻սʤ𣬵ȴ䣬Ϊ彣ϾȻӽҲǸĴڣ˼ʹĬҲֻҪץסᣬδûʤϣ
ͣ
ִ̧һ𽣡
彣˵ֱһ裬ǺųƽͣΪڽ֮ߵ̫ԶˣǽϹŴǲŻ硣
ǰýֱһֳӡ
ɱ
𽣺һɱϱǧȻںһ𣬻һѽⳤֱ
Σͨ˾
ŷɫأܵⳤĿֲҵһȻֱӳ˳ȥ
ϣŷֱײֱӲⳤ

һ죬ڴŷ屬ˣһ˲䱻˺ѣ˫ʣµЩ޷˺塣
ⳤҲϳֿµƣ·ʱ顣
𽣴ʧɫǺֵˣĽͨȻ޷κιŷ磬һ㱻飬ʵ̫˼
Ҫֵ֪ˣһУնһߣһ㽫Էɱˡȴ˲һͬǿߣ𾪡
ͬʱĽҲԥ֣ࡢơɫİѳͣǽŷпӱܵĿռ䣬ֱ
ӷһһҪȥŷĵ
һߵȴһѽס嶯Ϊɷֹŷɫǳƽûнĵֲĳϡ
ڳڹŷϵʱ˫ֻԲݻ̫γһ̫ԲԼС
İѽγɵĳ̫Բ棬ȴûзһŷ̬У̫֮סİѳеñ
ǼΪ˵һĻǱ̫ʦˣ϶ᾪ̾ŷ̫磬Ѿﵽ¯ĵز
彣Ǿֶ̾ǿЩ˼Ʊ˵ֶͨȻϹŴ񣬶δܹó
ŷͻȻһŭһȥ
ĵɵĳֱӷأȫ彣ϣȻǶһæҡ
˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼܽ˵ͨԷҲ̫˰ɡ
ʹЩߣʱҲȵվɫ𾪡ֶΣһˣĵתȡ˴ͨΪá
һĳƺƽƽӣϽ磬ɹâϹŴսսܵһ޵еơ
彣æңվǽĶֱ֣ӱնˣҺ˽ԲѳԪ𶯣޸
ǵ֮ƣҲɲǼ䱻Ƴˡ
ŷ˳ȥ𽣷һֻѹ£ʮɴС棬ɽ𽣳޷ȥŷƿУֱѹ
ǼΪ˵һĻȻλߣҲδظ˵ܹ𽣾нֶ̫ˡ
ſϴ󡣡
ľˮĽŭǳ˹ŷ緢û˽𽣣ĽȻǿ󣬴ִĽݺʮɣһ޴ɽ롣
ǰеһж飬ɽʧǵС
ŷɫ䣬ԾǵĹ˿·磬ˣÿһγܹĽ޴鷳
Ľֶͨ죬ʱ·磬Ǳ˼㣬ŷĿжðˡ
彣һ֣ͬдûаܹȫǴݿ࣬ԷܣǴʱȴãԼпҪˡ
ǰ꣬սȻȫѹǣֶȴ쳣ˣǿᣬǵͨͺѶԹŷʲô޴˺
ŷÿһγ֣ܹһæңЩƵĲһҪѪ
ɡ
𽣴һ쳣¡
ʱ򣬹ŷȴһǲһľٶֱӽ𽣵ԼǰЩ
𽣱һһͱˡһϽջʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˣĲ˼飬ֱ𽣵ߣ˾Уŷһڻ𽣵ϡ
һ죬飬ȴûгױѣŷֱӽ𽣵ľнһѹ
ֻһ˶𺳣֮ǰ˵ŷذܵˣʱҲͣʵԣ彣Ѿְ󡣽𽣺ͻ𽣱ܣľˮҲŲ˶೤ʱ䡣
Ȼŷ»ֱ֮ͻƶԷķˮ£ʣȻһЦֱ֣֪ͣԼˡ


849 ύ彣
һİǿߣ彣ͣϢ¡˶ˣϳ彣֣ų޵У֮ͬдûж֡
˺һ˴սȻˣϢ̫ˡ
ǴǸ˵Ϣûֻ֪ţ£һܵܣʦвǻǵĴС
Σţµ꣬ĳΪϽеĴ콾вҪսţ¡
δϳ彣ͽ֣Զ彣͵ʵ̫⣬Ϊ˿ԭ
Ҳɫأңǣ˼ƽ
ڹŷǣصУǸ¥ֻϳ彣ǡ彣Ҳû֮ǰĽᣬǳʵŷ˾ƣⲻǡ
ֵܲҪ⣬ղֻһдѣʤܲ÷ϣǿѵġŷЦ˵вûκγ
Ҳĳŷдǣûмƽ飬ֻǵһд裬
أȷʵֵýύ
֮ǰ飬ҲѣҶѣǸòǿǰɡҲЦ˵
˹ŷ˼֪Ҫύ𽣡
ʵǹŷ磬ܶ콾ύǣ彣Ȼ裬ȴҲ쳣߰ģҪǽύԣǰǴǡ
Ͻ֮Уǿ˵彣ֵˣϲڡ
ܶ콾ͻƵ߾磬һܹΪǲܴϹŴ֮ϣΪǸǿߡ
ֻҪΪϹŴҪ彣ǲܵġ
ǹŷ̫һæңһսҲܻʤౣһܡһж彣Ҳ˾ˣȻһսһǡ
彣ҲǸ߰ģǲ
ôܣܹʶǣҲ˵ңرλţֵܣҸоصֶûʩչǰܵû졣𽣸Ͻҡͷ
ŷ磬ΪԷץˣȴһֽŶûǺ˵ķ˳κһ߸ˣĿһֶΣԶĿǡ
ܣʵǱԼͨܵģ£ֲֻܱܡŷ˵
ĻȻ˵һ彣£ֲܱܣǺεֶΣˡ
λΪ˻ؾģûʲô뷨ŷתƻ⣬֮϶˵
ؾĪ⣬ĪգһϽвǰ²õõöüҲǱŻؾֻǵеǿ֮󣬱ЩԵǺõõġ
Ȼǿһ𣬷ϹŴ񲻿ܻǣǶԷмͬǿߣĸߣвǵʵ
Ͼ彣ߣսȻǿ󣬵ԺɨһС
Ҳ𣿡ŷЩ⡣
˵ˣЩǿϲȺӣû뵽һȺһϳ彣;Ȼûġ
һЩҡͷ
ŷ絹һϽôΪĸ֣Ѿ˵ģǻ׷ɱĸߣϰ𣬵ڿϽּǿߣ¸࣬
ţӦǸճԶϽƲ̫˽⣬ϽУÿһУʮߣһʵϰңЩ쵰ежģȫȺӣ˵ǵĶ֡𽣿Ц
ŷ糹ױˣһϰ֣ΰ£һԼεĸо
˵߱һôôĸߣĻЩлʲôλŷЩɻʵ
Ͻޱ޼ʣٳĽ򣬿ܻϽİٷ֮һȻˣһӵһԲĵ̣Ƿǳ飬Щ˵ֻ߲õģӶࡣ𽣽͡
ŷ翴һӺɣǵͷȻ϶˽𽣵Ļ
ҲһЩɣʵΧһǳأǻǻгһһʵԵøӿֲ֪ŷɻΪ͡
ŷȻˣԭԼ߽Ϊһֻһǳأڿˡ
ǵʵҲˣʱ£ҲаְǡŷЦ˵
뵽ԯݺţһλؾǶҲɡ
Ͼʢ£ǵòԵܹȥһҲо޴ĺô


850 
彣ûѣֻ£ڹŷĵϸҲֻ̫Ǿ϶һ󴫳еĵӣԶĻһ㶼о⡣
ȴڲ²ŷ˵˭Ϊ֪ŷ粻ϽˣϽ˵ѵĻӦҲǺʥԺλ
ԯݺţ˼ǵʵһܴӡϾѾΪʥԺٮٮߣΪֿȵѧǱʥԺδϹŴġ
ãʱţһ𣬶ȡؾеĴԵ彣Ц˵
һڳ׽ǶȥѰס˲ûסһ𣬹ŷҵһĺԺţס˽ȥ
ǵȴŻؾĿʱƣԽԽ࣬ҲкܶǿҲˡ
Ȼŷ鷳Ҳˡ
ŷ緢սҪܹŷ硣
ŷδӦսֻԼԺ棬˸ӲԲֱӽԷȥ
ǰжʮǿӲ³ǳ磬ǱŷֱһƳ˳ȥһˣţµ֣Ǳߵ˼㡣
ΪԷһСӣȴû뵽ţǾȻǲڹŷһֱ̬һƳǸѾﵽ߾ļһһ˵ط졣
дҲ֪ŷҲи֣Ҹ졣
ȻϽУͿ䣬۲ţǣȷʵ䲻󣬲ǱֳʮңʵҲʮꡣһΪļһȹŷ绹Ҫˡ
и̣Ȼ̬߶Ǳ̬˾Ȼˡ
ҲЩ˱ŷܣЩģȥ彣鷳ǿ彣ȻŷܣˮƽǸߣҲǸ߲˶٣ЩҪļһ˵õս
³Ȼܱ磬彣ǱŷˣǾŷԼòϣ彣ЩһﾹȻ彣ǣȻʲô³
һȺ˱ɱļɹʱǲʶ彣ĿֲͬʱǸţµ
彣һܻܣţ¶ˡ
Ϊϵ͵ˣѾ޷ڳˣֲֿϣǸͳܲס
һ̽Ե߳⣬ȴһɨУһ֡ⲻͨĻ磬ǻӵпµɱԡ
ȻϹŴ񣬴ʱûǸУؾķǶҪܵΪµĴ
ǿڳ¥ϣǰĻ磬ڷ⣬ҪһƬ翴һ
ֻͨ죬ҲһС
ֻи߾ǿߣԼԿһŻڳͣȽģͨһ硣
ŷţҲˣվڳǽϣǰһУȴͬ塣ŷ΢΢üһΪһΪƿ磬ڿһŻ
ͨŻŷ绹һƴ磬ľ죬޷ڣǿ׽£Ǻӡ
֪ŷ翴ôǿ϶ᾪȣȻĿɿڴš
ŷҲǳ𾪣ͨŻ·𿴵һϽ磬һϽ磬ȴǳԭʼ
ŷ罫ԼĶǵʱ¶𾪵ɫϹŴ֮⣬ûܹͨ磬ǸһУû뵽ŷ羹Ȼӵ
Щǵǳ˽⣬ؾֹһΣѾΪˡ
Ȼʿ˵ȻһյأΣա
ʵдԻؾǻһĵ磬ҪϽݻȴʧˡ³һţеĵ伮Ͽġ
߳ͬһ磬ǵĻкܴĿŶȡڳ˶𾪣һ磬һϹŴܹǵһϽ磬Ǿǲˡ
ϹŴҲֻϽеһڣ޷Ͻ磬ķʵֲ̫ˣǿӡϽ缸ǲɻٵġ
ҪһϽһ磬ǺεȺ嫵Ḷ́ǲ
ʵǵ֪һ㣬л漸Ҫɹˣȴ˿ֲϮɱɱ˵֣ҲˣûһͻȻڣ³һš
ùŷǴһɫЩ֣ǾȻҲ֪һС
ʦ˵ģǲģҲɫɻ󣬽𽣽͵
ʦǣ뵽ʲôЩ𾪵ʵ
ɫһĨ
ͷһ˵ӵɫˣû뵽ǵͷȻزֲǴκɵı


851 Ұħ
ͷˣ쳣ǿģųƳʮꡣҲмΪɫǿߣͬӨŮԪš
һӨŮԪǿߣͬﵽ磬ʮأʧû뵽Ȼ彣͵ʦ
Ҳԣ彣ʹõнֺϻ֮һڣȻϹŴδܹͨ
˼ҿɻڣ̲סʵ
ŷҲ棬Ҫ֪ϽеЩǿߣһڳʮ֮󣬻мϡ鷢ǻĪʧ٣ٴγֵʱ򣬲ˣ߾ȫʧ˵С
ڵĻ֪һЩ
ǿԪʧ٣Ȼ֣磬ϹŴ񣬶뵽ϽУҲ˵ʧ٣ֻΪϾϹŴ
彣΢΢ԥȻҡҡͷҲ˵ʦ鷳
ŷҲûбʣϾǵܣ˵鷳ˣǿɲɵȥһʲôɿĴڣԻĻǡ
ͷȻٵΣɵȻҲ֪ʲôܹɵһܣ϶޷ĴڣͻȻǰԼһЩ뷨ÿЦЩ̾
ڳĶǴˣֻǴӼ仰УµһЩ飬ʱЩĻ䡣ϾڳȻ˵ʳ֮˵ٷ֮ٽϹŴ񾳽磬˭Ҳұ֤
ҾǳΪϹŴΣηϹŴʲôô
ˣЩܹģֻеǵٵǸ֮󣬲õſ⣬ڻôӻؾжȡôɡŷӵ˼·ӵĵܵһ겻
ϾҪıһû˵ʿ޷ٵ۷ġ
ӻһҲ׵Ĺŷ˼ڴľ˳
ؾ໹ʱ䣬ȻῪʱǸ˳ȥǧҪһΪȻмʵõǰĻԵҲڻҡɶ
ȻʵǿеУѾǱȽģóȻͷȥ˵ؾеΣգ¾ǵõ˺ûԵҲº֡
ãǵòʲôҲҪǿ󣬱ϾϻиĻԵأûбҪΪһôԼ͵ŷͬ˵
ö⣬㲻żУԼסԼ״̬ţǶΪŷʱ֮ҪҪǲ뱻ɱĻһҪ״̬ߡ
ţ£һս죬һ𴫳ǳء
һൽĺӣ磬Ѫ죬ɫսףһѺɫǹ졣
ȻǸ߼ˣҲ̲סɫ˵ϸܵһֲֿϡ
Ұħ׸ա˵˵ݡ
ҰħΪϽʮ콾֮ҰûܹҰħļһͲһҰħһλҰħС
ȻˣҲҰħذϸѪܵش׸ҲҰħҰħᲢˡ
һսˣϲĴսǿߣֶμ䶾ֻҪܣֻ·һ
׸ն˹ŷ磬֪ҪһϷˡ
ŷûгţ̤ԺӣΪŷҪǰһܡȻţһ㶼ԸܣǹŷвǴܲǰһͽͻȥүүסһ
ʶţǣﻹȥĺóԵûг֮ǰǾԲȥġ
ţȻٲԸǻվ˳ָ׸գû˵Ҵһ٣ȻͿ뿪ˡ
׸ɫĮһ˫ͬѵһ˵ϣĵ㺮
ţǵĻ׸кһ¶һĨѪЦݣ˵ľУȻţǷ
ܶ˴׸޳ܣȻ仰˵ͳ֣ҶֻֻһģСһоʵ̫޳ˡ
ţȴ˿⣬һֱ׸յĶֵһ˲䣬ţҲˣͬһ磬׸գ˵ȭͷײһ𣬷һ޴죬òΪϵ͵ɫͨ죬һһѪ˳
׸˫һĨȣĳǹٻǹһһɱãã纣ţûȥ


852 ׸
ţ˫ֻӶһſŴǺնããɱײһ߶顣ţҲ̲סһХչ
ڷ⣬ÿһѨ棬һǳɢŰΰȻţһ¡
Ǽֲһݿ࣬ţ˫ͷŲĹԣѹ¡
׸ɫ䣬ܣֻкǹ죬Ҫţǵ˫ֶ
Ŵ볤ǹײһ𣬷һ׸ջеĳǹûţǵκһۼ
ÿֲΧ۵̲ס̾
һſӣ¶һĻ̾ǳ֮壬˵ǿ֮һû뵽Ȼˡ
Ȼǳ֮壬ǲǳһѵСһǳĺˣܣǳ޾֮ǰˣѪҲһɹˣôܻкˡҡͷʾš
ЩдֶΣǳʵԲӨŮ񣬶ʲôֶΣסһ˿ѪҲ˷
˵ʲô˶УҶԼۣһ·𲩹ͨ񣬺ִЩͨʵһûС
ŷҲЩ⣬ǳδ˵Щ˵ۣ֪̫ǰһǿ󣬵Ҳֻǳʮ꣬ʧ䡣
ڹŷԺгһ˵ţϡǸϼһ˵Ǵ˵еǳϾҲ˵ԼѾˡ
ţǳţǵ˭дȶˡϾһ俴Ҳʮ꣬Ȼ޾ǰϼһѳϹϵ
ЩߵĿУŷҲ˽⣬νǳ֮壬ֻӵǳѪܹӵУһˣ²ţǵ
뵽ţǷԼûһ⣬ŷҲȥˣţ˭ǹŷѡ
ŷĿ棬ϵս
ţսǳɹۣδﵽŽףһսȴǿĿ¡ʮѨڷ⣬һſŴǳͬʱǻԱţǵϣսһֲľ硣
ɱ
׸մкɫǹȥһɷڳǹΧʬɽѪ֣ͷ飬Ƶħһɽߴ
ⶼ׸ɱǿԹԻ쳣ֲܹһ磬˻׸յĶ֡
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ֻǹŷ콾̩ɽҲоܡ
类ˣ뿪ΪܹµԻǶ֡ӵ˵һЩ߹ŷǣùŷھ鷳ǳɳ֮󣬲ʰ
ؾ磬ǻӸǵġͬʱҲףڴؾ⡣
ŷԥһ£ӦϾĻʵе̫ðˣһ֪ǳˣҶԷͳһɣƵͷߣռˡ
ֻŷĻ˵ڣһһ⣺ǲߣؾɥء
ӻһ𣬲һãϢѾˡ
ˣʲôֶΣ֪ڰ˵Ǽһ϶ѾˡӿЦ
ùŷЩˣǲ̫УĻŷԴģûбȻӸĿ¡
޷ҲƭءŷصЦ˵
˶Щɻǲ֪ŷʲôֶΣܹɱϾӻӵĻУ˿֪һԿֲĸߣ̤ϹŴ񾳽磬һһȻ彣֣Ҳδаա
Բһж϶Żŵĸ֡
޷һȥͿˣֻҪˡŷĻĲڳˣ֪ŷ絽˵ĻǼٵġ
˵Ǽٵģǹŷ˵ʵ̫ˡ˵ģʵ벻ŷʲôֶܹԸĴڡ
ۣᡣ
ֻţں˻һۣȻЦе˵һڻؾеİȫȳ֮취һѪҺ͸á
˻һӵ۾ˣһѪҺʹֻ̺һξѪҲ㹻һˡ
ȳţǿˣٲˣҹŷ̺Ѫһɱţǣŷɳʹ˶ĸ壬Ҳᱻŷɱ
߳ʮ꣬޵С
ؾγһ޴Żǿߣǵأ˽ȥ֮ͬ꣬಻ʤȻ֪Ͻǿŷ綼ЩۣĸϽ磬Ҳ̫һɡ
ЩУŷ緢ˡ
һ˱һŴ󹭣Ϊ߾磬ûκˣлؾС
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ԯݺᣬ߾磬츳ϼڹŷļһʱĳ˴ƾ춯ء
һŮӣʥϢ֣ݣǸŷһַǳϤĸоͬһߣԯݺһ߽˻ؾС
ǱԯݺţںʥԺΪǿĴڡ˵˹ŷһۡ
֪ŷݣ˵ǹŷĵӣֻӵʵҲʵֲ̫ˡ
ŷͷɫ˵Ҳȥ
һȺ˽飬ؾԼ֮䣬ŷоһһֱԼˣ
ҳ֡ﻹûнؾУ֣е˵ȥˣ𼸸ıֽʹҲԳܵġ
ŷЦҪĻ͸ɡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һĨЦޱȡ


859 ؾ
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ûиŽҲŷǵͻȻһȺǿߣͻȻ͵ϮĻҲǺ
Ȼ޵ˣĸߣ»Ƿǳġ
ҽЩʧ
ǱҲȷʵǾֻҪǱ֣ʱиֻҲܱܿش
ٹŷߣһӣǷǳ˽ġ˻ӵϣ̫ѡ
ҪСģԷҲһֲŷɫ΢΢أֲ£µǶֻǳ侲
˵ͷǽŻУɫĮ¶һĨЦݡ
䣡
һƬĵطʱȴӿһƬǿߣǸǿޱȣɽӡ
쳤Хأ޾ɽ飬ܲס
Ҳ˵ָ죬ϵһǳƿУһС档
ǻؾʱ̫ǿߣʩչͨ춯ء
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޶һֺֻգͨƽɫֱӸǹƣо˵
мʮǿ߻Ѫ࣬в߾ĸ֣һ˳ԡѪ
Ǿ˵һĻ˶ˣһؾܵ˿ֲĴԽܡ
м֣߳ɱֻ֣ǿأҪڵĵطΪһƬأѪ֮
ֱֻضϣȻ飬Ѫͷ˳ȥһǿߣش
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и߱ɫȻض˶Էһֱֻۣȴжʮһ֣Է̫ǿˡ
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һֲֿ⣬Щǿ߶ľǹŷǶɫȻܵһѹ
ؾǿ֮һĻƽ˵޵еղǶʮԳ֣˲ɽ͡
ֲôȻǻؾеǿߣ֪޷ϹŴǿ߾ǸߣΪһϽС˶ٵ磬ΪǿߣҲһָ޵еĴڡ
ؾΪĸ֣Ŀ½ÿһ鶼Ǻޱߣÿһؾһϵǿߣڵĵط½ǿ߱ǻƽΪŷǽܡ
Щӵǿ󴫳е˽ؾ֪һЩؾϢԵúȻš
ǵʵȻǻƽĶ֣ҲܲǣԲõģ뿪ȥѰһԵɡ
һȺ˵ͷһ뿪Ⱥٵĵطȥ
ڻؾжģһˣҸԸһ𣬷һֻԵһ
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߶ܱ֤Լİȫӹŵ񣬻ؾʮΣĸߣǧˡ
һֲ֣Ҫ֪½УΪһ֮ˣȴͬݽһ
ʿľ͸ˣЩ콾Ǻǿ󣬵Ҳ֪Ȥȥ̫Լ޷ǵĶЩ˷ǳ飬һԣתߡ޵еĸߣҲδܹɱǡ
ŷҲǴͬ⣬ùʹ򣬴򲻹ߣԲǿǻᣬ޵δûбҪ
ΪûбصõĶǵ̬Ƚɣֻһ˳ɱɱˡǸˣ
Դӹŷ֪ҪɱԼ֮ûӱܣҪһһ˶סˣҶԷ֪Լݣǳ鷳
𡣡
һ޴ĺһͷϬţȴͬɽһߴŷǳ񱩵Ϣ춯ء
Ϭţͨɫ𺣽٣˶һҪϢĸоһͷǳֲĻޣû̫ǣʱûʶԼĶ󣬲Լܹǵġ
ĻޣҪˡ˷ܣշһޣΪ˵źܴİ
ֻҪͷ޵ľսһҲһԵˣȻˣȻܴ
һ֣ױ㽫ͷ޿ʹΪ߾ǿߣܳһӣͷ޸ûŪʲô㱻ǳץסˡ
˷ܵ˼㣬˫ַڻ޵ϣ׼ԷеĻԾȫȡ


860 ŵ
ס֡
һȴʮǿ߷˹ŷһ⾹ȻһӸǿɵĶ飬Ϊ͵ˣŽ׵Ĵڡ
ŷǶһۣԿԷеأһȺˣǲĻǲǶ֡
ʵϣԷǲ⡣
ͷıŽ׵ļһһ˵˵ͷȷֵģǿˡ
ʲôŷе㻳Լˡ
һﾹȻô޳ܣǸȻ˵ǷֵģбҪ
˵˵
彣̲סǳ⣬𽣸վ˳Žâǻһֲ콣һ㡣
ֵܵĻԵݱ˴ϡ
ߣǲţǸɫ䡣
ŵļһ治ֻһ½ϹŴ񣬻ֲôšЦϳȺ˵
ţŷһν죬òǺ½еǸͬһ˰ɣ˵Ļǻԩ·ס
Ҫ磬󽫷ͣϽ֮ĿռУػʧ֮󣬱㽵Уһɼֲƻ
ǹĲǶΪ˸ߣҲѾǻٵˡ
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ӣȻ㣬ҲµĲĻŮӦþɰɣȻòɡǸŵ񿪿ڣЦЩḡ
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һȺǿ˶ţ¾ǿͬҲܰɡο꣬Ȼǿ󣬵˵ףȴء
ҪΪǾͳԶˣĻ͸Ͻ˵ûнԷС
ʮߣǿ󣬵ǷͻԿĶǶԷԻӵʵȻ˵ĺɨߣǵס˻ܹġ
ԹŷȻ٣սڶԷ
ϽҪŭһʣоĻԵԼǰȴ˴ϣʲô顣
Էɫһ䣬ɫ΢΢Щѿû뵽ŷǶŵˣȻ˲
ʸ񣬵彣ȻųϹŴ֮޵УϾֻɢޣδŹʲôǿʦУϹŷţոðͷˣȻŭ
ô˵ǶϹŴĵӣǿ
ߣ彣ţЩ̫ˣȻǲʶôͲҪǲˡǸЦ
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻȵ֡
üķ⣬罣ɳֱն䡣Ž׵ɫǼ⣬ȴûá
ŷһǻûʲô׼ͱˣ
ߴ󾪣û뵽ŷ綯Ѹ٣Ԯʱ䶼ûУĿԼͬ鱻նɱˡ
ͬʱҲ֣һһ㣬ϮɱԷ
һ߱ɱѪŵ𾪣һγֻʣ°˾ˣʱȫռϷ硣
رǻӵǿľ֪Լ˽ںɨ޵еĴڣʣµǰ˾ˣǶԷĶ֡
ɱ
ŷĮԾһߣתγһ̫ͼѹԷ
Ǹ߳Хƿ񱩣Ҫһ㣬ȴ޷ŷѹ·硣оԼѾﵽ˼ޣǸռһϷ硣
ŷҲڿ񱩣սߣϾսʤǸĴڣԴеԷҪɱʵŷҲɱһߣһʱ䡣
ֻҪնɱһ֮ľһʱʵսҲǡ
Ա˵սôŷ粻ܣֻҪսʤһ֡
лӳ֣ŷռݾԵϷ磬˶סһ֣Ӹ뼸˴սǴѪ
Ҳŵȣӣеٮٮߣ쳣ǿȻĴڡ
ߣǻɱڹŷǸߵսû㡣Ƕ֣ŷ紦һǳصľ磬˶ԷܻʹսʧˣȻҲûлҪʱ䣬ȴͲôˡ
Ƿǳؼһʱ̣ɹ֮󣬹ŷ罫ĳɾͣ
䡣
ǶһŷᣬϢԽӵǿˣѾﵽһ˾ĵز
Ȼ콾Ҳﲻֲֿľ磬Ҫ֪ŷףΪܶ˸޷սߣ˵ѹƶԷˡ


861 ܡɱ
ǹŷȴˣ󿪴ϣĴˡǹŷΪ֮ſһ档
ժһǳ෽ѹ䣬ǺգȴǸһ顣
ǸŵĸҲѾʶˣŷԼȴûа취ֻŹŷȥ
Ļ󣬻ǻڵһʱɱ
ŵĸһѵĵزȥĻŷܻͻƣﵽǿսǲĻڵһʱ䱻ɱ
Ҳֻĺ͹ŷԺ䣬ͬʱѰʱûлܹӳȥ
㾪ֵķ֣͹ŷĶսŷսԽԽǿѾʼѹˡ
һּ̬ı֣Щ֮ӣǽ߾磬ѹƸߣֻܿ⣬ǹŷȴѹ˶Է
ʱƣŷϢԽԽǿֱ˺һУشԷڣһսˣǸŵĸҲǿߵİʼԼսŷ缤ս
Ҳܵá
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ѹ£Ǹߴ廯ޣԪ񶼳ʧˣһ߳ױɱֽˡ
ڣ֮ǰǴûŷ羹ȻɱǸߡϾҪϵ˲ܹƵģȴûм
ŷȻǿ󣬵ϾΪǳ߽ףһܣȴվǲ´ˣŷɹĻ˶֣˲һʱ䡣
һֶУŷָֻأо춯ء
ڳˣһܣǧ콾ǴʱȻһҪĤݵĳ嶯ʶףϽԶŷ磬ͬʱ̨
ǶȻ꾭𾪵˵û뵽ŷ羹ȻӵصĶ
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˭ܹԹŷʣپߣҲǷǳ顣ʹûνĻѪҲпܽ磬ʮꡣ
һ˵ԥһ£˽ĿͶԼͣû˵
⵹Щˣʲô˵ȻûӶôأ˶ߡ
ûʣϾ˼ҵɣҪǵĻȻ˵ģ˵ĻǱʣֻ˺
ŷһѪ֣졣Ȼ̫ͼޱȣϡ
ͬʱȻ꾭ӵĺˣûǶЩԲֻܸܶԶĵط
УͻȻܲһֻһеϢ
˾Ǹоˣⲻ٣췣ŷ羹Ȼ췣
̲̫ˣȻҪѳȥⲻܹġڳߵˣһĻʱɫ΢΢һ䣬Щ̾Ϣ˵
ѳȥһ㶣ʲô˼ǳѳ磬ܹûƣʱΪϹŴǷǳ򵥵顣
ȴûһ˳ɹΪ첻ή췣˻
ǶǳĵĹŷ⣬رӣŷĹүүһµĻʱӲý
İɣ粻µġֻţǷǳһֵӣһﵹǶԹŷ󲻳ģǴĹŷʧһ
˶̲סһۣûûεزˣ治


862 
췣٣ŷһֿµƣֻأȴоסֿµϮ
ŷ壬ûг׵ըѪ𶯣޸壬ںǴѡӲ
һֲĽ٣Ǵ޵Уֻغϣŷ㳹ˡ̾Ϣһ̤֮ϣΨҶڹԼĵ
ҪѳȥϢҲʧŷڣƣ˻һƬ⣬һС
ⲻǻ編ǹŷĵȻȴΨҶѹһ¡ֵԿ£𾪣ֲùŷƥս
ŷϵ˺۳ʧëſϼ񷣬Ҫˣɢһֲֿϡ
Ȼȴʮ㡣
ܡ
ͻȻһŷ񣬼ֱڿһ
˲⣬ǽĿͶӣ֪Ӷʲô·֡
ŷ缤һ˿ѪһڿˮЩ𺳵˵

˶̲סԾһ˿ѪôܣǶ˵ˣҪѪҪϹŴľ硣
ŷڲףȻʱп̤ĽףϹŴ񻹲̫Զûпɱԡ
ǰѪǱ̫ˣ۶δرȵ˵
ۣ˵еǰΪֻϹŴ񣬵ǴʱӻӵĿУǲ֪ǾԲԼеļ򵥡
޵У߳ʮ꣬˭һȱ֪ˡ
û뵽ҵĹүүȻôţƣԺ˿ˡӴЦ⡣
ڳģԼˣҲҴţ˵Լ͹ŷ֮Ĺϵ
ҲŷԺ˵Ŀɽʦ˵ߵľ磬ֻĸ֡Ī
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ңʵҲ֪ҵȻ۷ǻĻ˵֪Щ̾˵
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ΪԽߣԽԼСǰһףڳ׵ˡӸ̾
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ңһȺɵӣҪҪΪǿˣԺҪΪһߡţͻȻڣ˺˿ЦãţǼᶨɫЦˡ
ߣҪıּᶨľģԼԼǱܹﵽߵΪ
ľϵ⣬ȴӰ˲֪ˣܶȻе콾ΪԼ̬УԲδͻһ㡣

һǵĲԶһͷǿޱȣɽҪչű񷡣
ߣӱɫͷǻؾеһңΪеٮٮߣӲ£ǻֵ߽ʱȴûеõô
ΪֻҪǳ֣ͲһˣһȺ׷棬ǵɱĻĸڶҪɫȻĶӡ
Ȼ֣߳һͷƱնǧɣ޴ͬ͵һβͺɨһɽʧ
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ɫһȻϣ߲һ˳ֵġ
һһͷ𣬲һɽ棬Ȼȴɢϣʹ֮˿
˵ĺ棬һͷ룬ȻֻʮɣһϢȴ߷ֺ̫룬Ѫ֮˫ųͬ޵С
ĸУÿһȻӲ˿ڸһҪĳ嶯⻹ô򣿸ͲǶ֡
ӿԽһ彣Ҳԣɡţ֣Ҳܵסһ𣬵ǻһߣǵס
ֻһˣѹԵƣǸǶ֡
ӣڱҶסˣһҿ㻹ӣߴЦ
޴壬Զ̤ضڲǳ޹⣬Ƕ߶ᾡ˷⡣
Զ٣ԴСûʲôõģҲֻһϢ˵
ʵҲԴС飬ҸҪڻӸνߵľ
һľ⣬жϴ󣬵ʱʤĻͻøһ㡣


863 ׷
ߴЦĮ˵ӣ쵰ҺòȥҲҪ̼ңûá
̾һֻսˡ
ɸҵһսˣ㴦ãˣȺ뿪Ӻţɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ƕû뵽ӾȻ˵һԼԷƴȴ뿪
ǴҲ̫ϲӣʱҲ̲סһ˿ĹۣϼһΪѵĻҲһ¡
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ߣ㲻˰ɣӳ˵
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Ļһ㶣ʶǻġЦЦ֪ˣˣģҲôʹġ
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ȻǶɫû뵽ŷ羹ȻôתˣܵŷϵϣͻȻû˱ʤİա
ŷɱ֮սжôǿڳ˶֪ǿԿ϶ӦòȻӲ̫࣬һǿߣԸıս
ʽȥĻʹɱ˻ӣնɱڳˣҲܣҲҪ˱ˮͬھʶһ㣬⡣
Ƕ˲֪ĴڣȻգԼȥͱƴǿе㲻ֵá
֪ɱˡɫŹŷ硣
Цм˵¡˻˵󻰣㻹ʲô֪Ҳɱŷ磬㵱ǳԸɷġ
ҴûнСЦ
ɫм磬˵ԼУÿһγǰĸͬʱ֣ⶼǲеĻĲʲôˡ
λǰ׼ǳ𣿡ŷ翪ڣһ˿٩ҲԼһȫڶԷûбҪɵ
һɫûзȴкԼͬ뿪𼫶ǿĸߺХأȻǿ߻ƽǣǡ
Ҳ߰ɣ˸ˣǱǻһ𣬿»鷳ŷ翪ڣһ
˸ˣŷ˼ǺǵжԵģһҵ뿪ֱԶȥ
뿪ǰɣҵĻǵٸͰѲƿء̾Ϣһ
ŷȴҡͷ˵ҹŷѣһ߰ɣҸұ֤ڵʵҲвǡ
ŷ˵ĺܿ϶ʵûһߣΪбĴ㡣㣬ȴܸ߻ӣΪܹԼµӵ˼ԻӾԲ֪
һӣǳ׵ı壬ϣѾûʲôˡˣԵĸ֪һ»е뷨ȴû뵽ӾȻҪԼȫŷǡ
ʹĳͻħǻħôоӱԼҪĶࡣ
Ҷġֹ
ҺùŷûͬӵĻԻҲû뿪
ǸŸӦ·ߣ׷ǵĽӽŷ缸˶ûɵһľ
׷׷ˣͷˣŵٴμŷǸ̾һε̫ˣŷǶƭˣһĺء


864 
ٴУȴû˿ţڳһʱ˽ܣȻǲľ
֮ˣѾϰҲ׼Ǵû뵽ԼͲᷢ⡣
ȻϹŴҲһԶŴڵڵϹŴм𣿴󲿷ֶ½ǿߡ
ˣ޾УΪԭˣΪɱˡȻԸʱǿߣη塣
ȻܲĻ˭Ҳ
ǣղŲǿϧûгԵлˣԼˡŷЦ˵к˸ɱ
Ĵǿ߻վһ߸Ǵʮߣһѹء
һǿŷ˾Ե·硣⣬ŷǱ
СһһҡɫɭȻ˵
һһҪ϶һЩǶ˵Ҫɱҵĳͷŷԣĸ߱һˣƾʲôԶˡ
֮ɱǡΪͻȻڣһˡߵĶһָŹŷеĻѪأŷıˣҪˡ
ߣһｻҰɣǶԸˡϽ˵Ҳ˳ȥǰ棬ŷ綯֡
ŷоһҲ˳ȥһȭ˹ȥƽâ𣬳˻ߵİ
һ֮£ŷɣֻ΢΢˼ɫŹŷ磬ܣ񾳽磬μѪ
ŭӣĲšŷЦ𶯣һγȥ
ˣΧסţǣҪչɱˡļһﶼˣԷ̫ǿƣûˡ˵ǼʮߣһĸߣǸеٮٮߡ
ʮߣԺɨǣޡ
δءţҡͷ
ƱЦʵΪʲô
бһۣţǲм˵Ҹķɧ㲻ȻҪҳ⣬Ϳ϶аţҿԿ϶ˡ
ţǵĻΪĲϴһĨЦʮ㡣
Сӣ˽ңλɡŷЦһ˷˳ȥһɽ塣
ŷȴûܵ˺һ˿ѪǸǿˣҪ˺Ǻס
䡣
һɳѪԶһӢӰ£ڽ£ʥַȻǸߣ˶һҪĤݵĳ嶯
ǿ󣬾Ͳһ㣬ҪǸ硣Ӿ̾ƷԼĲ²⣬ܣѾһˣȴڹؼʱ˻찡˳Ϊ۷սĻᡣ
ȻΪȻһ۱㿴ҵ״̬ӲջһţΪ˽졣˾Ȼߣǿߣֶ죬סϹŴһ
ҵĶ㵱꺦ĻȢס³һš
Ȼġ
һû˵ǹֻǹŷǲǻŵˣбҪ˵
ߣǸϼһɹݻΪϽĴĹؼʱ̣͵Ϯһ£ʹڹؼʱ̹һ񣬸߻ħڻؾУҲǹģһħ֣ľ硣ǰ仰쳣⣬ҧгݣȻԻ޵˼㡣
вԱУⶼҵģұҪɱ㣬Ϊֻһ𵭵˵£磬ϣ̲סɫܵ޴ѹ
ССһߣҲɱңһеΪһֱָͷ㡣ŭЦɫм˼㡣
ȻϹŴУǾԵߣȻǸ磬ǰڡ
ͬɱɫ䣬ϲһȭǰȥս졣
ѪսȻסĹȴڲȻǳޱȿµѹ
ͬʱҲˣŷǡ
ݣ
һ⴩գһϣ嶼ըˡֲļǸ߷һҽУ˼㡣
ԯݺֳ֣񹭣һֲֿĴϡ
һһŮʥУŷ磬ɫĻһҶĺӣҵԼĸһ
һʥâʥ࣬ȴſֲɱһߺˣѪܵ˲Ĵˡ
˳֣һηı䡣


865 ս
ǣǳ׵ˣ˵֮תʵ̫ˣǷӦ
ôܣ࣬ѹŴȻΪ֮ͬУսǿ˲١
Ⲣʲôֵ飬Ͼǹսĵӣżһɼ壬ɴ˿ɼǵ
ˣҲһ쳣ֲļһǺѣϰһ壬ܹΪѵļһȻҲǸһӹɡ
ѹƣֱһֱȻ
Х˷ɽӶһſŴ׹䣬һС͵ǳ䡣
쳣ֲһĻЩǳ̫ڿֲˣÿһŶױȵʹʵҲҵϣǱѡ
ڹŷߣսҲˣԿߣرɫŷָò̤նУһȭǬת
޾ƽʥⱬƺƵ˻ϣڲо˼㡣
߼⣬ŷҲκβȻܹսһĸߣʵ֮߻˲٣ѾЩ⣬ŷδܴһƽ֣֮뱻Էѹơ
ȻˣŷҲǻѪڣս˿
̧񷣬һͨתǧ磬ɨ죬ߴһ¡
彣ֶԵУѹסߣУɱ
ӶƱߣǴշڣҵ˼㡣
ţӡֶս̫룬ͷȻʮɣȴ쳣ֲߣ˼սѡ
ʣµʮߣҪǻɱ֣ȴԯݺŵסˡ
ͽߣΪԼסʮߣСһ߿ڣ䡣
ȴ˿⣬ԯݺе񹭣˼ɵ
Ļԯݺ˵ֱһʱ죬оִոڼʸΧµľŸ̫ʱԻԳչĹս
Ǹ߲ҽһըֱˡ
һɱһߣչֲ֮˹
ľҲ֪һϹŴǼΪֲϹŴֲֿܡ
һɱһߣǵ
ҲףھԲߵʱһ¶ԷֱΪ
ɱ
ʮߴԯݺɱ˹
ʮֲĸ֣һֻɱԯݺᣬҲҪԴϾǶһĸߣսǿһ߾Žס
ڴʱųˣذ˷޾ӿһȫʮλû
Ǵŭ𣬲ûܵ˺Ǳס˲
Щףһ赲סǶôֲһ飬ԯݺеɱȫ
Ȼһɫļһüмҽжûзһ㳹ˡ
ĵڶߣ˶ˣǼһήԼͷϡ
Щһ֣Ȼס⣬Թͨϵľɱ֡
Ȼ־УвЧĹţǵǳ֮һǹܹԼй־ˣòġ
һסּûģǴʱԷ̫࣬һֻ֣ǳһᣬ㶥סˡ
ЩɢһȺų˹ȥǾҪȾɱŮˣһźԯݺϣɱʵ̫ǿˡ
һضǵȥ·Щʮ߶òͣͬʱҲˣƮƮ˳ȥһߵϣֱը飬Ԫ񶼻ٵˡ
߱䡣
һȺ߾ҲһϹŴҺպһλŮϹŴĳû뵽ȴŵϡ
ֳִĵͽߣɨʮˣһ㶼ѣⲻһʱ䣬Ǿˡ
һĻܣľӵϹŴԯݺܹɱǣߣסϹŴĹ
ʶһ㣬ľûս⡣
زˣˣһ־һ㶼ļһǼļһ
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ʶԼҪΣգ߷񱬷ҪŷˣԼӳȥ
ֲХأһſŴǣȻǹŷ綼ܵµѹ֪ڶˡ


866 
ܣûлˡŷһ۶Էͼ¶һĨЦָˡ
ʹռϷ磬ǴʱҲսˣܵŷǿֲĹǱеĻԻܵشʱһʵ½Ժӳȥˣԯݺ֣ŷ綼пɱ
С̫ˡŭӴ񷣬ǿؾĿ½İȻӦˣɫ𾪣ȴûиϹĳ嶯
ȻĴųǿĴڣҲף磬иӿֲǿߣʹΪϹŴҲѹǡ
ߣȣֻһѣǿսǷʹ޲ĹĻǶпܱ꼰
Ĵһ㶼ûйĳ嶯
Ļؾ飬ˣĴʲô˵Ǹ¶ͷˡ
ŷ棬߶
Ѫ嫣ƽײһγɿµĲϯ˷ڼŷһֱ·磬Ͳɺָǿ񱩣ʹ߶ܵһɿֲѹ
һǿս־߱ȹŷǿ˲٣ȴ޷ܹŷ磬һս־
Լʹǿ󣬵Ǵʱȴ޷ݿ࣬ǻŷĻڵ߶Ѿһˡ
ţҲֲľ췱ǣһϵ棬ѹ̫ٲά衣
ӻΪһͷ޴ݺ̫Ӳ˿·硣ɻһɣһ֮ԽлһŮǧħΧߵף졣
˶ǿֲ콾ԲνϽʮ콾ʱһ֣ʵʹ̫붼ɫ
̫ĸоУԷսȻȲ֣ǿɱ߶Ҫ͵ضࡣ
̫뱯ıѹ·磬Ҫ߶ܣ⣬Ȼѹơ
ǳһһħɱ
ţǴ𣬴ʱһħ췱Ƕһħɱħһ־ʵ̫ˣʹ̫޴嶼һ£ȻҲһ㱣ûУı˻һŹ⣬ħ
ħȫɢ̫ҲΣԪ񶼳ֿµơ
ڴʱüķ⣬һԪֱ߳ɱȥ
񾳽Ԫ񣬾ȻɱһԪǼ󵨵һǶһ

һҽУ̫Ԫ飬ɵԪ񳹵ɢڿС
ɵԪҲЩع鵽üġ
û°ɣЩǵʵ
ҡҡͷɫ¶һĨҸɫɹģĻϲҸе㲻Ҳûˡ
鰡ţһߣ
⵹ùӣղʹóһУеʵȫһɾſ˵ϣҲܶ
ӴЦȥΪţһźܲ٣֮ľԼ
Ǳ˹ȥƱ߳׵Ļˣɱ̫룬֪ԼҪùˡ
ȻԼһ񣬱ץסᣬһ͹ֱɱһ
ʲôЦȻⴿ·ʤ֮Ҳá
ͬʱ彣ǱҲֳϹŴ֮޵еĴȻǿտڰ׻֤ʵһ㡣
ԯݺţҲɱʮߡǱǵͽߣеϹŴҪЩˣֱ̫ˡ
ڻսľֻйŷߣһߵʹӶ̲ס̾ŷֵ̫ˣףȻ֣ڣȻԿ϶ȥ棬ŷ϶ˣսԾˡ
һĸߣǹŷĶ֡Ѿ콾񾳽磬ϸ޷սʤĳ棬лʱĴԡ
սֻҪȥŹ˶ãϽ綼һսߵĿ񳱡ս˶϶콾ǲԸһȣȻܹ񾳽ܸߣҲһܹ
ֻҪ콾콾İΪԼȱ˲
ߣˡŷ̬ϣ˵Ļ·ߵ嶼ڲ
þûˣʹϹŴ񣬵ҲΪԼǸеٮٮߣ𣬻ţһȻʲô
ָоֱھˣ߿־ˣұһ˻Ҫ־塣


867 ۷
һȻĿ־͸ӿֲߵǼȫˡ
սҲʧˮ׼ȻȻˣǲȱһɱʱôӣҪɱˣɱͺˡ
ҺûǲûвҪŷúĥһ£ողʱ䣬Ҫһʱ䣬Ӧڵʵ
ߣҪˡŷָˡ
߼һִԼҪˡ˲㷴Ӧˣ֪ԼˣȶסԼģŷĹ
ֻľѾˣʱڳ˰ơ
˶һֲ˼ĸоȻóŷʵ߻ܴĲ࣬ǴʱȴҪʤˣΪľȣŷ糹ѹ·硣
߱Ȼ岻ƹŷѹûжֱ۽ߣԼȭͷ߲ҽвѡ
޴ϳһѪۣѪ䣬γһޱȡŷԡѪһԡѪĹսڣҲˣֻǺȣƲء
ŷ糤Х˷𶯣Ϣӿˣսһ磬ΪĽ׵ǿߡ
ͬʱٳ֣
ŷſһֱ̣ӽϵĽƶˣȻԼߺɱȥ
һžı죬Ȼߣ϶ֿµĽζĲᡣʵǿǿᣬҲֻԶԵģǺ͹ŷ̬Ļûпɱԡ
ᣬŷڳ׽ˣʣһԪƮڿС
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ԯݺ񹭣ֱӽߵԪɱ
һеٮٮߣӣȴ˻ؾУʣֻ棬ǿޱȣȻȾѪȻܣ·磬ֻһսȴ˿
һֲļһǿߵʵǿߵ̬ѹܹ档
䡣
ֻ죬Ҫѹ档
ƣΧħߵףĤһ顣ϱһɿֲϢȻֻһ˿ȴĶѪ˿ڶ޷ڵһʱϡ
ֻըȻ治ɫɱ˹ȥ
һˣʹòϣԷԼ̬ΪᶨļһһƸͶҡ
ͬĳ֣ǹϢͣıˣһһµ˿ڣùŷǱɫ
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ǻ籾Դǵʱһ籾ԴУǵʵɣҲֻλֶͨ죬ܹס籾Դơӽ͵
Ȼû뵽ȻôĶǷˣʵ൱ǶԷл籾Դִɱ·ǱȻġ
ҲһսпսܣʱߵˣûܹסԷݡ
ԶսȻѹ·磬Ȼʱ籾ԴȴܶסǸ˺
ʱһЩɫû뵽ԼĴɱȻûв̫á
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ʶһ㣬Ļ籾Դȫȫ⻯ԼǷӴ
֡
һ𣬹ŷʶĳ֣һ˵˼㣬ԯݺе񹭣һɫĹ˳ȥɢŻصϢ
ŭŭŻӣֱҪһ
ʱȴܲô࣬ŷһ֣ϣҲһ˲ܡ
ֻеֿХһʵӵ˼ޣǧħƣݣһ䡣
ŴҴңǧɣٻյһع飬۷֡Ϣˣ˲䱩ǵһֲľ硣
綼·ܲסҪˡ
о뵽һֿܣٻ۷սһ֣ʹܳãҲǳ£ϹŴ񶼲Ƕ֣ҪԶԶܿοǡ


868 ᴩŽ
һ֣ѹʮأȻһЩڣܵˣɫȻ¶𾪵ɫ
һ޼ɵͷԼϣҪʲô飿ѵĴս
ܶڲ²⣬ڹŷǣǺ˰Ȼˣǵ壬žı죬һ㶥סǶѪˡ
ųƳʮأ޵ڹŽϹŴе
ˣм𣬴ʱԼǰȻܳ־ãҲܹɱǡ
޷ֵֵܵ
ѾǵĲΣȻ𣬶վȣȥȱȴȻãԷʵ̫ǿˣܹľ硣
쳤ХʮħߵףĤݡ
ϣȻҲòϣ޷⣬Ķ
ͬˣȻھɫƽ
ʵһ취һ˲һΪ۷սҲܹһ̣ȻҲ˲䱻ؾеɱ
ڣΪǺͻһĴڣȻҪɱĸˣҲ
ȴϹŴĴڣеһ˲䣬ϹŴɱһɾ
Ȼ۷֣ע᳤ãֻҪסһᣬŷǾܹѣİ취
ǿ뷨ЦҪߣⲻܣΪϵ˭Ҳ
һ̣͵˼㣬Ȼǻ֣һսζûйǿĸоһֱ̣ΪԼ޵ϵˡ
ʱһֻƿնֱѹ
ǿϣֱӱ飬ѪǷ飬ֻԪ˻ɢӴϡ
˶Ŀɿڴоһ˿˼飬Ҫ֪ǿһȻ϶۷սһϹŴȴδĶ֡Ǹǰ棬ȴֽͬһ֮顣
˶ˣ㶵ֻֻ֡ɫ΢΢һȻɴ۾¶ɫ
ʦ𡣡
˻һŷȻɫʦ𣬿ɲǵϣʲôЦѵŷʼˡ
ǹŷҲףǲϴģǹսͽܣȻϴԼʦϢ
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ֵֻˣһǼΪ֣ȻĻǿơһʼ棬ŷͷκ˶Ҫ
ֻֻֻ֮󣬲δͣҴ뿪δΪŷĺֳ
һ㶣ָ̲סЦᴩŽ񣬸ղǸ˲ڵǴӹȥ֣ȻҪ
˻һ˱ɫ
ӹȥʱնȴ޷ͣһ֮뿪
ֻЦ֮һֻĨɱǳ֮γһſŴǣһֲֿܻһ硣
үү
ֵţǾˣ˶ͷƤ飬ѣǷֻϵϢӵľԶȻҲǴңԶĹȥɱʱա
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һαñ壬Ǹ磬ϾⱾٻ۷״̬ܳ־ã˱Σܹ֣ѾȽˡ
ǻûдﵽĿģǻҪҧ
ҵҪɱǰЩˡ
ڴʱһֻӨ֣ƿնϡ
Ȼ赲ٴը顣ֻʧǴûгֹ
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⵹ùӣˣҶֶǿĴڣ϶ƵɱţǻЦ
вԱУ㻵ˡӿڣˣǸһģϻŷһ֮ǰҲʲôö
ܿܣûʲô˵ģϽȻᴩŽ񣬺ôֱֻۣΪ˶ԸҵĻ϶ֶΣȺ϶ʲôֱҧɫгһĨŭɫһ˿ϧ
˻ҲһĵǸ磬ħ֣ĻӦҲܹ׽֮ΪҪġ
ǴʱȴʧȥʸΪŷǵв͡
ɱҰɡˡ


869 ͬͬԴ
˶Ŀӣ֪ӺħֵģͬһˡԵɱɱҪӵġ
ɱˡ
˵
ǰںĻӦܹΪϹŴ񣬼ʱգָΪҲ벻ڻ£αҪɱءŷȰ
֪ȴҡͷЦ˵ʵֻǷǱˣȴӰңΪܹʶ̫ǿˣǿɵĻ±ɵ˽ҡ
˻һһ
Ѿ֪ǻһܹΪϹŴԻӵʶΪǲģϾô飬ҲˣʶΪĻ˵һ顣
ʶһ㣬Уɱ
һЦû˵֪Ӽ˽ԼΪǱһģһҶûС
Ҳ֪Լˣֻһ˫ӣݺݵĶڻӵϣ˵ӣȻ֮䲻ͣϣ㲻Ҫˣеˡ
Ļɫ΢΢һ䣬ʵҲǴҵĵ飬֪ӿ͸ˣһʱ֮䣬벻ô죿
һ֣дڣһֲء
㻹ⲻ֪磬ͬͬԴ磬Ӧǲֱ˴˵ġͻȻڣ˵Ļһ
磬ͬͬԴһεĸо
˵ţǹŷǣе㻳ˡ
ûбҪ˵ٻ𵭵˵
ҲףĸǿߣȷʵûбҪƭǡֻ磬ȻͬͬԴģϢʵľǴȥĻ϶һ籩˶𾪡
ⲻܡš
Ϊʱ̫ˣҺôϲϽ磬溦ԼȴҲӣܹʮ꣬ҲܹӴ𵭵˵
ȴһֹĸоʮʸ֪һϹŴ񶼲ǣѾ֪ˣһַ
ҲһҲһʸ֪仰ɻԼˣҲǱһʿһ㡣
˹ŷ̬֮⣬Ͻ콾
ǲԺͻˡ˵仰֮㳹ײˣ˿Цãֱʦѧʱһ仰ˣڲͶˡ
˵ԾؽˣȻ˵ڲͲˣЩ֪ˣ粻֪ء
·ɡӿڡ
ֱ֣ӻɱĻӣʧС
ɱҲܵӰ죬³һѪ˾ǳήҡ
飬ȴǳĺãӽ쿪ʼڲˣһĸˡ
һУ˹ŷһۣ˵һ֮Ϊ֮Ȼת뿪
ŷʸʱ䶼ûУƲѡ
ʦ
һ˹˾ȵУ˹ŷһ˶˼ĶŹŷ磬һĽ׵ļһȻһͽܣȥĻԻĿɿڴġ
˶̬ȫǿ󵽼콾
ŷͲ˵ˣĽףɱߣǿ˫ûǸܹһ㡣
ţǺʥԺԯݺᲢеһ֣һߣϹŴ֮ŷֻǿ
һʦͽ»úܶ˶һֱĸо
ŷҲЩΣͽܣֻһţûŷ綼û뵽žȻܹڵ磬Ҫǿʦģ൱Ĳϸ
뵽ŷЩε˵ҪʦˣȿȣҲûнʲôŷȴеΡ
Ͼʦʵеְ̫ˡ
һߵԯݺᣬ˸ۣʲôûн̹ʲôʲôûн̸š
ʦǲҪ𣿡ԵЩίģǹŷʲôݵĻһ
˵Ŀȫ˹ŷϣ˷ŭӶ̲ס˵ŷ磬˼ͽܣ㲻ҪΪ˼ҵʵ֮ϣͲӣһΪʦΪ
ӵĻ۾һϵϢͻȻЩҡ
ŷһ֮£ʱʧɫϽ嵽ŵߣһ˫Ĵ򣬰ʱ䣬ŷͣ
ȻͶݺݵĵ˻һۣû˵СѾͷûϻʲôһˡ


870 
ڳ˶һǵȻܹóղʲôȻҪԷΪΪӵһ仰ľٶ
Ů޻˵ˣڻӣЩΣһͺһ󱲡
ʦҪֻǰԼšһµŮͷЩ˵
ʲôѾͷ𡣡һһˣλһСŮΪԼ򵥣ʱ̲סˣŷզզ˵
ӻϲŵģŮǷǳά
ŷ磬αΪ˼һСôʦӣ˼Ҳ㣬֪ɡһ߻Ц٩ŷ硣
һȥŷЦãһۡ
磬Ҳͽܰɡţ۾һͻȻ˵
Ϻ˼ŷ翴ţУԼİĽɫʱ¶ŹֵɫȻһƽţǳԶ
ʦֶŮҪ˱֡ŷĽţǵˣʱ˲ʶţСҪʲôʱţǵг˵٩
ţԼҲЩ˼ϾСͣʮ꣬ȻΪǿһ棬е㾭ס٩ġ
ŵϣһ˿ߺ죬ţСһûʲôСȻһСʵ䣬ȹŷС˼꣬Ҳǰʮġ䡱ܶ鿴ĺȻΪһСһﰮĽľ
ż֣ɵ椸ղԻΪ鶼˳ŷҲףԼͽܣҪܵģȻĻ޷һҲ޷ԼԼһ
ͽܣŷ绹еεġ
ţʵʦԸͽܣֻʦ㣬Ϊͽ֮ʦҲûкúõĽ̵㣬òʦŷ˵Լʵ뷨
ͽܵΪʦߣһǹŷһ㶼⣬յͽܱԼΪߣǲŽءǾùŷһ㣬ǡһ㡣
ŷĻ֪ŷ뷨Ͻ˵ʦ˵ˣĻҿ»һмأڿѾӣһ·ӵŻصһжģԭҸĳɾ͡
仰ǲ٣Ϊŷԭź̤һ·ʹȫ䣬зţҲδܹվ˵ȡڵĳɾͣΪŷ磬Ҳһ㶼ûд
ŷ磬ʲôʱôĥĥģһ·ѾͷһУҶ֪ѾͷΪܹҵ㣬Ϊܹ㣬˶ٿĥĥģ滳ǲһˡԯݺͻȻڣļһһѵõ˵ôһֻǻеݣȴùŷɫЩڡ
ǷǲǣŷЩˬһﾹȻ˵Լһˣȭͷž졣
ԯݺб˹ŷһۣЦ˵ԼڻҵĶ𣿡
ΰ£ŷҪĳ嶯ԯݺǵͽߣ֮츳ࡣ
ŷ缸ɱ䣬ҲһЩ룬ǿԯݺڵı֣ǵõ˻ٴСֲࡣ񹭣ŷǸԯݺսֻаŰķݡ
뵽ŷˬ
ݣٹʮ꣬ŷҧгݡ
мĿ˹ŷһۣԯݺᵭ˵š
ƨӵ÷򣬺ӳƸ磬ҹԶ㡣ŷ籩ŭ
ԯݺ¶һĨΣòװеװͷˡҲƤ񣬲мĿ˹ŷһۣ˵ùҲҺɡ
ŷһѪ˲
磬Һ磬ͽܰɡţ˻
ŷֱһ˳ȥȻţٴη˳ȥ
ˣţˣڰʦһ顣ŷЦ˵
ԯݺ᱾ܵĸоԣŹŷ磬һҪʲô
ɫɻվûȴԼʦԼʦܹԼ㽻ԼǷǳĵģԼʦѾͬԼ
һһһ٣֡ŷָԯݺᣬһЦ
ԯݺļһҪʲôˣɫ䣬תߣڵĹŷ磬ʤȯգǼһţԯݺעҪˡ
磬Ҳ㣬ҪͽܰţҲ˻˷ܡ
һȺ쵰
ԯݺѾ·


871 ס
ԯݺỹǱһ٣ҲˣȻʽʦ£ȻҪúõıһ
ԯݺᣬ磬޵ĳ嶯
ţҶ㲻𣿡ԯݺƵ˵۾һֻèţҳġ
ãһҪʦġЩ˼
ԯݺᷭһۣ޻˵ˣֻܽĿתŷ磺쵰бµ
ˣ붯ŷ˵һַ緶ûС
͵Цһſʱ򣬾һ
ԯݺҧһѪˣҲ̫ҪˡҲ˽ŷģ֪һﲻҪǾԵ޵УҲûơ
ֻƵԼ
˵˵Ͻ֮ľŷ˵һԽԼΪŷǳ档
֮ǰΪҲĺԶ츳࣬ϽнȽϿ죬Ҳڿ쵽زɣ
˵ˣǾǳ򵥣Ͻ磬ֻ֣Ǿ
ڼҵǣ˵ԼݣȻϵΪô죬Ҳйϵ
ʲôǰҵϹŴıԴǣŷɴ۾
ıԴֲ˵Ϊô죬ҾôȶǿǾ䱦Ŷѵһ
ԾԵʵݿѹһϹŴ񣬲ܹԷıԴˣҲҪ磬ޱҪĻͲһϹŴ֡
ǰʵҪõϹŴıԴǸܵ飬ҵǵģ˸ˡŷЩͷۡ
ŵͷʱʵҲɣϵϢ͹żҵĹһ㱾ԴͬĵطǲŻĻ
ϼһʵ̫أܾһε֣ƶһУڵʵȴҲǸε֡ŷЩƣϲֱݵĸоǺܶʱȴɼ
˶ͷȻǿ󣬵֮ϣиǿĴڣϹŴΪ֣Ϊ壬ڽŸֲģֻеӶѡ
ΪﵽǸ磬һҪƷЩ϶ŷҧгݣڲ²⣬Լ飬Լʼ滹⹫йϵǿû֤ݡ
ԺΪˣ֤ʵĻԲ⽫ϼһһ٣ΪߣҲ᲻ڳ˶ͬ뷨Ҳͬϲֱٿصĸоʵ̫˲ˡ
ľǶ˵ˣνǾ춯ذǿ׷ɱȻܹӵϽġԯݺЩ̾
ŷ类ǿ׷ɱʱǶԹŷģҲ붥סˣ½ȥȹŷ뷨ֻûежŷϽ硣
ԯݺĻŷ¶һĨЦǼǰ֣ѾˣǿߣΪģ˵ңһϹŴ񣬿¶Ҫë
˵ͷ⵹ǲǿ˭Ҳұ֤ûб̬ļһڣҾЩһ֣Ҳ㹻ֲˡ
ˣ˵ЩˣǸô죿ŷһ˦ͷеĸ̾Ժо˸
֮ǰǵʵУЩѰУǱȽģԲǿ󣬵ڲһˡźԯݺļ룬ǵʵǰǿȻǿĶ飬ҲܹˣԹŷãǿȥռһЩԴˡ
ϱĸ½һܵأܶǿ߾ǳģڱȥȡܹһЩԵӿڣ۾ð⡣
˶۾ݺݵĵ˵ͷ
ڵĵط½Լ˰ָķ½ܵظ˹ȥ
һ·ϣڿգǳпֲǿ棬ѣһĩվ
ؾڽһսѪؾԶһУ̫пˣڽģ߾磬һЩ콾ȴԵúƽһЩ߾߸սɱΪ˱˵ꡣ
ʵڻؾУؾе߱ΪеĻԵһЩΪϵ͵ʿҲǡ
ܶרŽɱǣȡǵһУҲһֻԵֻ̫ڲпˡ
ŷһȺˣԵñȽϵ͵ǾǱһΪǿŶӶˡ
ͷһ뷢԰׵ߣڸУ쳣ǿӡʮߣͽ߸ʮ죬ŷǽס⡣


872 ŵ
棿Щ⡣
ʶԼ׳ɵ֮ǰһ֣׳ɵ֮νĶ棬㲻׵Ķ֣ҲûΪѶԷҲûҹ鷳
㣬ӡɫһ䣬¶һĨЦ
ϽУûгΪϹŴȴԳˣžǿʵˣҪͻӲ࣬棬һʵ쳣ǿ
棬ҪʲôӶûкøУԷĻ²٣ϲһЩΪԼ͵ʿ
΢΢ЩԥӵɵǰһȺˣʵǿǵĻõٺö
뵽㿪ˣӣҲϷҲΪ㣬뿪
ҵأӲΪ
ɫһЦҷ뿪ѾǸ㸸ˣ㲻ҪûҲʹ죬Ȼ㸸ϹŴ񣬵δػ
ĻԵõʮ㣬ǹŷȴĻУһ˿顣һߣ˵ǲϹŴǲܵģһҲǰNɪһ£һӶҪɡ
ϼһҿϺͿˣʶľ͸ҹȻĻǲĮ˵
ߵʵʱ쳣ǿ󣬸档
ŭ
ȻΪϾǺһʱĴڣ˻Ƕ֣һֱϹŴУֹͣǶ治ͶԷˣǸʹ򲻹ˣϹŴ֮Ĳֵ࣬Ĳࡣֻ𣬲ܹǿ
ڶУǲ۲۵ԼղѾԷˣǺȻӲ顣
ʶһ㣬ɫһ䣺ٸһѡھߣҲ鷳
׳աӵĿһۣ˵Ļһ㽫
ԯݺһҡͷ˼ǰ׳գҲҪ˵ôֱӰԺҪע⡣

ӷǳĵͷȻ˵Բʵ㲻һ׳գղǶġ
㻹ֱ˵ǰ׳ձȽϺأڶһ㱻
һȺСͼѿ֮ȥһվ˳£ƣһˣʱ޾籡ԯݺѹȥ
ûжӳ֣ϾԷĶӣһ˺ˣý
ԯݺΪǵͽߣԯݺᵱˡ
߲֪ǣԯݺԲӣӣҲܹġ
Ӻ͹ŷûж֪ԯݺڵʵǲϹŴ񹭣涼δܹѹοߡ
һ˿֪ΪʲôͻȻе㲻ԾǰȺʵ̫ƽˡ˵ֻΪĹϵԲôϾʲôͻǱɱҲδ֪
ֻһֽͣһȺ˵ʵǳǿǿ󵽿ĵز
ʶһ㣬Ͻס֡
ĻѾˣԯݺɫĻƺƵһ˻ʸ¡
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ۡ
һ죬߱ԯݺһһûˡ
˶ˣѻȸ˭Ҳû뵽ԯݺᾹȻǿƣһƻɱһߣöǵ
Ƕ棬Ҳֻһѡ
Ȼǲ֪ǣǸ߱ԯݺĻһѹѾʧȥ˵ֿԯݺʵʵȻǿ󣬵ǻ쵽ֵز
ǽ׵ߣǸĴڣܹս
ڣǽԼбﶼͳȻԯݺͻȻĿתǣıУȴ˵Ļ
Ƕ̲סŴͣ˭Ҳû뵽һԯݺᣬȻҲôʱ
֣Ƕȴһ˳ʲôЦ˶ԷģȴԷˣʲô°
һвޣĵȥҪ
ŷȴΪȥһ̣ŷҲȥˣǻһŻ⣬ֱϯ
Ǹը飬ڷ
һɱöɫ֪ԼһȺʲôӵˣһȺ̬߳ļһɱߡ


873 
ŷ縺ֶŶһȺˣ˵ҪߣǰߵĻᶼûС
װƣò˵ŷһʱһϣ˲ӡ
ǳ鴤ȻŹŷĻȴȥʱ򣬻ӵͻȻֲϢˣһȫڶƣǿ
ʲôǵɴ۾һǿߣǱΪֻһĸأû뵽ǾȻˣ˵ʵԲڶ档
һ̬߳ҶǼΪǿƵƾˣ㼸ܹǶסɱһмûж֣ӶǼ֮
ˣһγ׵ˣһ顣
ǺܹԼжȡֱӸ˹ŷǣȻͷҲص뿪ˡ
ļһ涼֪֮ȥҲһͳԼеĶֱ뿪
һʶЩһϵĺöĲ٣ҩϰ꣬иϣķ
ڹŷǵǿʵ£һ㱣ûУҪһЩģŷ˳
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һУǽеġƽˣ˵϶һĨЦݣˬʵ̫ˬˡ
˵ĶиУϾľǻеˣĺ£˭Ը
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˹ŷһۣԯݺ᲻棬Զ²
ǲڸԼϢ˭ǣʱеءͻȻ
㷢˶ùԼʱЩ˼
аСҾԼڵˣû뵽һڡԯݺӵļ
ҿ㡣ŷҲڡ
ɸһģС뷨ܺãҺϲ
ɶ˵ˣӵ̲סЦ˳ʵҲһֵΪʥŮȴзݵĻᣬһһУȴķſģ˵ʣ˾޴ı仯
ˣɵľԲˡ
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Ȼ󣬱ӱ
½ЩǿߵùˣһȺװƷȫԼΪصĺܵͣһӲ񣬲Ļļһȥǵ⣬١
һ·֮⣬жˡɵҲ֪Ⱥһǹġ
ȴûܹԹǣϾԷûֻǷڰǹԼϵжϽʵΪĵطһʧûбɱѾĶˡ
Ȼŷ˲ˣǽȴûмҲò˵һ¡
ʵ̫ˣڵ󣬹ŷǸˣһţԷߣǣҲӽ½ؾ
˳˵һͷפһöѡŷѾ֪ͷǻĳȻҲϹŴ񼶵ĴڣȴܹܵؾķԼ
ֻʧѾ֪ˣѾƽռˡ
ʱǿ߽٣һǿɣɢű˵ϡһЩ񾳽ʿɫƽòᣬȻһЩ콾
ǸҰħָۡһΪҽܡ
ҰħͷԲС޵еĴڣɨҰûжֻ֣еڶħ͵һħܹ΢ѹһ㣬սĻ˶˵Լʤ
ǸܵעԼĿת˹һ˫ڵӣɱ¾ʬɽѪľ
ӲʾһЦ۳һϣסԷ⣬·硣ҲǸĴڣֻûŽȥѣǲԷҲ̫Զ
Եħ۸ռˣǶһ󣬲תĿ⡣
ӵһЦ˵İȻڹŷǰе㱻סԵļ󣬵ǺЩ콾һȣȴ˿·硣
һϹŴѪһˡ


874 ֻ˻ƽ
һƽo̤նɫУһѻƽǹնһȺ׷棬¡ǿ˽ӣڱĵطһ
Ƕ֮һĻƽ񣬴˵лƽ𾫻˵һ飬ǿ󣬸һ֣Ϊ֮һڶ塣ɽܡ
󣬵ǶԷԿ
ƽɵתһɫ΢΢Щϲ
ɣû뵽ҲһΪҵŮˡƽ󺰵ʱͨ죬û뵽ԷȻôҪƤ˵Ļ
˵ɫҪ֡
ŷȴֹסĶȻһָֻǹȥһվȻˡƽɫǹУŷĴִȥ

ײһƽԺˣŷг˲˼飬ԷȻôǿ
ϲġŷ粻м˵һ䡣
ƽŭ£˭˵Ƿϲģ
ϽУ˿԰ǴʱȴһƳˣһŭɶ
ɱ
ƽŭĿԲ磬ᴩ콵ڹŷϡ
ŷᵯָ顣ɱϯȥûƽ񾪺һըˡ
һ޵еƣľϽ콾Ƕ֡
ƽǿƣδĲҰܡŽףֲĽףѹζʲô˶
һֲ콾𣬽»һϽ綼Ҫ𶯡
ȻǶĿɿڴŷǿƣǶһľĸоڳˣȻǸߣû˸˵ѹƻƽģǹŷȴˣ赭дһִơ

ƽŭɱǹգ˸Ż⣬оɱ֮նˡ
ҵɱ⣬˵Ȼһͽߣڳǹǰ棬Ҳһ˲䱻ɱһûС
ŷɫ䣬һȭ볤ǹײһһɾƽ񻢿˺ѣǹַɳ
һĻ˵У˶ˣӶЩĿɿڴ֪ŷڵʵ¾ǲԼҲԶ˰ɡ
ĽףֲֿսУȻǸҲδйŷôޡ
ˡŷ絭˵ɢһϣûƽɫ࣬ȴٶˡ
ֲ̫ˣƽһָоǰҪǷһĻɱԼҲܹԼشʵ̫ˣֻڶһսϸܹǿ
ɫ죬ڹŷϣ˾ηǶڲ²ŷݣȴͲ֪ϽУʲôʱһǿߣǿƵˣȻϽʮ콾ȻҲԵ·硣
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ŷϡ
ţǡţ˳Ц˵
ֱӽӣȻҲСһҲһԺ͸콾ǿĴڣǱϾʵ̫Сˣʵ᲻η֮ġ
ţеƣ͵͵ĿһۣŲû¶ʲôӵı飬һ
ţ֪һжŷ翴Уҡͷźţ֮飬ŷ粢ã֮䲢ʡ
ûйĹʣȵʱˣȻףҪǹʵĻ϶ţǵķУȡ÷Ч
ڳǿŷ񣬴һĨηճǿߣʵ̫ˣ彣ֻ˻ƽսԾϽ硣
ǻ֪ŷɱߣ֪Ļ϶̲סһΪͷСǲ۲۵ĸеǿߣȻŷɱ˳
ţ£ôͷһСһǿߣֱײһȺǿ߸棬죬ڳκһŶӡ
ڡų̶ȣȴеĵһˡڡг˲м
ߵļһһ֪עʲôɾͣزٺãĳɾҲޡ
ʵڡеĵһˣȴ˺ϣѹƵ˵ڵһҲгͷ
Ϊ֤ԼǿҲΪˢԼĴڸУڡǣ˵ʵҲȷʵǿѾ˸ɵˡ


875 ܾ
ڡӵĻǳ鴤ݺݵĶӣҪһʹһֱԽۻ˭ܡοڡһǳ߰ˣһһֱĽɡ
𣿡ڡ˵
ղſŷ罫ƽˣǲΪŷսԼʵȻһֱԽڡȴһµһ̬
̬˺⣬ٺܶˣڡ񣬴һĨ̡
ɱһԡЦҪΪԼ츳սϽʮ콾ûŽȥڶԷǰӾãԼбҪһʲô
ǰڡõĶ֡
ڡЦֱӳ֣һָǳ£ѹ¡
ӵĶܼ򵥣ûʹֱͨȥһȭǬתһضˣΪ磬ٶȣһ㶼ûм٣Էײһ
ǿ˷ΪǳˣһѪһ³Ѫ
ײǶôǿȻǸߣҲˡ
䡣
ٴδһȭһȭͷ˳ȥԷȥ
ڡХǳ󶼻ȵĹ⣬ӵȭͷסеɢΡ
Ϊ֮һڡǿӹɣҲһֱô꣬Ҳ໥ѡ
˾ҲɱܶӶһˣŷ綼һ֣ͦȥˡ
ڡ״̬һ㶼Ӻã˼ΣԵ쳣ǱڡǸҪ֣ڡȴһƳһʱ˶ʵˡ
ҲǿŷһˣʵǿǴԿľǡ
顣
ϼսһڷ⣬һ֮ԷȥսǶԡѪ֪˶ٴΡ쳣ֲսԼʵ֤˿Ͻʮ콾
ջǹŷ֣Ž˷ֿڡڿѪûһսԼµĸΧм䡣
ڴЦʵǴȥֻһǹڡɱˣΪ½
˵ףʵʤˡ
ڳ˵һ־޴Ĵ̼Ǽʶһλ콾ĵͨһսֳϽʮ콾ʵǱ
ɣ۵ܵôصƣһ˳һֱԹ̫ڽˡ
ӹһЦǲ⣬Ͼı֣ʵںı֣˻ء
ϵƣͰˡӿ˹ŷһۣЦ˵
˯һϢŷҽʥ֣˯ϵƣǹŷκõġһһ㶼Լϵơ
ԸղŸҴôƴΪ޿֡
ֻڳ˶֪ɫ΢΢ЩȣѵţµģȻһֲɣ
ŷ絹ҲƴǣӣȻ룬ʼΪˡ
ӴȫûУǧڿգԵü졣
˶ɴ۾˾Ȼܹʵ̫ˡ
һֽڵı֣˾̾
ܶһʱ䣬ϵƣȫʧˣŷκãΪ̫ӴԭӲһС
һߵڡǵɴ۾һҪɱĳ嶯
ܸӾͲ˵ˣԷƣȻһ˲תˣʵ̫ƽˣ̫˲ˬˡ
رƺ֮󣬾ȻڡһЦСӣսٻغϡ
սãڡһҪƿڴӵûˣأôʱˣҲźһ㣬ǺһսĻǱŰġ
ȻţǲɵȻ
ߣǸţ½ҲκãҾͺһսڡ˵ӵУȴһ˿Ľ
һ㶣ҪģôҪģǵһμϾ˼ΪУҪ˵ѣԼκãҪʵ޳ܵ˼㣬ֻҪҪģ϶
㻹ҪʱԼƤǺܺˣںڡһȣͻȻԼ̫Զء
ΪǿȥղŻսءڡм˵
ã˾ǰһǲҪĶ
˶һۣͻȻ̲סͬʱЦ˳ǾȻһϧĸо
ɣҰơŷ翪ڣʱڳӶɴˡ


876 
˻ȻţǳĵģǣǺܴˡڳ˶һ㡣
ûɣڡҲԼˣ̲סһ䡣
ҲЦһսߵǿߣλֻǹŷľʵе̫ͻأˣһַ˼ĸо
ûҾҪΪˣǵ¶ֺĻǾˡŷ絭˵
ɫƽȻ̲סĿһ쳣ܳ꣬˫
Ϊʲôڡʵ
ŷһЦɺܼ򵥣ҿ˳ۡ
һɣڡȴɣЦ˵ˡ
ӲһȥҪĸɵԼүүӣҲ䡣ûг嶯Էߣڡ
˶ŹŷĶҪ֪ǲͬԼ˵һΪڡơ
ʵڳвʿлЩ⣬Ҳŷƣֻûͷڣŷܹκڡǿ϶ԥĿڣϾϽУһҽ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ƽҽߣֻҽһˣϵһЩ˺к֮˺ûκõġ
ǹŷҽ֣ȫһˣҽͨΪҲﵽֲľ磬³ϹŴϵƣϹŴ֮µƣûβˡ
ֻȺ˻ǵ͹˹ŷ磬ŷѾƺһ۷սˣǿ۷ս
ŷһӴڡ壬ͻȻһЩȵĿһڡ˵㱻˰ˡ
˻һڡ̲סɴ۾ܡ
ڡ֮ӣǿˣǺһе˶ԽҶΪڡǱþˣܹ뵽ʵڡܵ˰㡣
ܵ˰㣬õı֣ȻˣȻеһʿȣ˲֪١
𣿡ڡЩڴʵ̲סЦһԼЩˣ㣬ʼ棬ΪΪʩչˣΪҪãǿнĻΪӴŵ÷ġ
ǰȴһһҽ֣ҲвֶͬΣԼİ
ԣҪһ԰ĵطƷǳ֣ǳȥ˵ŷ翪ڣһڡ
ŷ羹Ȼ˵ΣڡֱԼˡ֪ԼǲģڡſͣҪ쳤ХХûзһѪ
ⱯޣһƸûأŷҲһ˵ϽΡͬղźþһں̵ܶʱ֮ڣڡ㱻κˡ
˵һĻ˶ɴ۾ܶȣŹŷ磬ȥк͹ŷһ죬ԺԼҲÿһЩ
ҲЩо˸Źŷ磬֪һЩʲô
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ŷһ㶣ܵԷǸ̬߰ȣ̲סЦˡ
ΪʲôҪߣŷ練ʡ
ҼϹŴҵЦһȻӣڸߴңӾµһ
ŷҡͷ˵ȻҵϹŴ񡣡
Ǹ׳¶һĨЦݣ˵ͶˣڸȥҲҪʲôԵˣֻҪҽƺ棬ʱҪʲôУŮҲܸŪٰʮ
ٰʮŮġҪ֪Ůǿ߱ͺ٣ﵽ׶εģٵĿ
ȻϽУٰʮŮҲһӴˣһﾹȻڱҪԼôŮˡ
ҶŮ˺ȤǶûȤгĻŮˣٸˡŷ٩˵
ҲǱȻóŷеĵ٩ɫһЦǲͬˣ
ǰɡŷν
Цһһ֣ʮ߳˹лһˣоȻһȱϹŴ
ݣԳƵǺˣȻŷǶҴ⡣
ϾԷǿʵ̫ˣʮߣǶͨĸߣϣ͹Ǻһġ
лһһƿŲȱϹŴļһв΢һͿɻԵѡ
쵰вҵĶˣڡŭкһЩֱӳ˹һϼûвˡ
Ǹ󺺣һЩ飬ͻȻ֣ԼղźһˣڡȻţκƣһţ³£϶վţһߵġ
ԴԵģǹŷǣڡ


877 Ź
ŶһǶ壬ͬʱ鿪սʮߣҲԶס
ΪŷߣȻ࣬ǾԵ߳ϹŴǱĴսĻκδػ䡣
ۼǲˣ𽣵ɫЩ̣ôҳˣ
Ļôüͷһվûвų֣ŶһͲǶ֡
Ȼǲɵ֪ʲôʱӦʲôӵѡ
ߣǡ˵ʹѹ·磬ҲԸԼ硣
ŷվ˳һĨЦݣҲ㡣
˻һڽԻȻҪӲһʮĸߣôе㲻ܡ
ϾǲʮܲײˣʮߣϽгϹŴΪǿĴڡ
ҪɱһȺˣѶ̫ˡ
ʹڡЩɵۣǿұȽǿƺţǾûдﵽŷΣʮߣá
Ҫ֪˫ʵȻе࣬ǹŷҪǵĻҪѵǺСܻܿܵصĴˡ
飬һ˲û뵽ǰţ£һĶһͲЩ
֪ڹŷߣʵ̫ˣǵĶԷǲء
ŷȶ֣ǰΧ˶оͷۣʲôЦҪս
Ǹ󺺸ǻˣŷĵʮ㣬ûס
𣿡ŭʡ
ŷûһɻ𣬶ļһһøжûУܽԷһԥûеġ
ûз裬ǣȻǣҪñʹ׼Щ˲ǵġŷ絭˵ʮ㡣
վڹŷߣźԯݺᣬǷŶԷѡ
һ˵۵ľ棬ȻȫΪҲ֪źԯݺսӵϹŴļһһ֣ȫǻԵġ
Ǹɫڱˣܵŷʮ㣬Ȼ֪Ǵģ֪ԼһΣҪùˡ
ŵĵӣɱңʼŹǵġǸ˴дһ˿̿֡
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¶ȵɫϽУСˣȴǳٵģһݷǳ͵ǿߣֶȴǳˣһлһ۷սһֻѹһϹŴȻϹŴУҲһݲӡ
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ţأܶ˲²⣬ӦҲǳĺˣһĻ˵ɵƣǺ
ΪȣҲͱȲĺˣܹһϹŴǲаء
Թŷôһ˵ôҶϿݣǳĺˣжԹŷһ˿ء
Ҫǹŷ֪Щ˻ô룬϶̲סЦ˳֮ôмΪķʱʵ࣬ٹŷûиܵʲôԵѹƣԲŻ˵ôȻԲǵڡ
ЩˣŷȻҲýͣЩ飬Ͳ粻ء
ڡҲ˽ԷһȺΧסˣŵĵǣһܵǿѹ
ʮߣԷʵƱ̬ˡ
ŷȳ֣ɱԷǸ󺺳˹ɱŷ磬ȻҲ
䡣
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Ȼ󺺣Ҳһеٮٮˣȴŷһˣһμô͵񾳽ǿߡ
ɱ
ԯݺҲɱ˳ȥʱ֪ŷΪʲôеˡϹŴһγɵĿֲǼΪ𺳵ġ
ǿأһ˲ɱһߣɫļ𣬶һߣԷֱը飬ǿ棬Եô˼㡣
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878 ˳һ
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һߵԱһǱȽǿ֣֪Ƿ뿪ǻв˱
ʹŷ磬嶼һ㱻ˣֿµơ
ŷֻһе˺ʧˣǴûдڹһǴ֪ԼԱֻŷһ˺»ĴӵҲ̫̼ˡ
ȴжڴ󺺺ɶ
ΪԱԭ򱻲˲ơ
û˸𱸹ŷǣǻƽղڹŷгԿҲһһڡŷǵʵ˲һֲľ硣
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ܶŷĻʶľ˳ȥǱˣһֵʲôˣһõĻᶼûС
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ŷԡѪƴɱⳡսУҲԼߵˣצӣҪŷɱ
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879 ˵Ż
һɱվϽʿռϷ磬ϾǶһִ֣󲿷ֻ֪ܵɱȣǿ˲֪١
ǣҲûˣмʮ߱ɱԶһȾѪ·߹ȥףȫʬ̾͵ġ

޴ǻƽָԼܹԹŷΣȴû뵽౻նɱ˸ɾϽˣȴʧ˲һˣּԱٸ߾ԣʵ̫΢ˡ
˳Ų㣬һһ졣
ÿһ㶼һС磬ڹŷǿνС磬˴ԣȫһЩ
Ƶһ㣬ڶϳǵǰ
ڵڶȻһŻֱͨڶġǿ̲סֱ˹ȥ
ǵûȥȴһϢûз
ڳ˶Ⱥһȥ֮ǶԴӣҲ˵Ⱥ˺ܱܿɱˡ
һµۣ˶ʲôŻ
ֱñƿǻƽľһս֮ûٴˣǿƣͬһһ
뷨ҲǴҵ뷨ǹŷȴܾͬã鲻еô򵥡
뵽һ㣬ŷͻȻ̤ǰһǵŻȥ
һܵغʦҪ
˶ɴ۾ΪԼˣΪ߾磬һʵǿ˵ŮȻǸţµͽܣҲ̫˼˰ɣΪͽܣʦҪǿǿʵе档
ŷҡͷЦ˵İɣʦµġ
ŷǾãΣ߽ǸŻȻ󻺻ĽӴŻһֽĸоǲûκв
ŷ΢΢üͷһҧȫͶȥˡ
˶ɴ۾ŷʧˣ˶Щɵۣһսļһһиҽһһѵô
Ȼоţǰûмŷ֣Щ˾ãԷˣȻĻôôʱûг֡
üͷЩ޴롣ֻԯݺᡢţǺţȴһ㵣ĵɫûУǴʱȫˡ
粻µģǷİɣǼһһءţƲƲ죬һ۽ŵǣ̲ס˵
ߣһҲˣҾͲţܻŻ˵ᣬһŮˣȴ÷ǳ࣬ӣԵüΪա
̬գ쵰ٸҺ˵Ҿ㡣ŭԼ˶֪һϽʮ콾ӵĴڣԴҶһֱܵη塣
Ǹ̬յļһҲһЩηĿһӣֱӱ͡
Щ˿ʼڶϣڵû˸ȥǵŻˣϾţһ̬ˣȥҲǰ׸֣ϴƣ
ǧǿ֣߳ͨ죬棬Ȼˣǳ׽ϴ֮ҲѾǼСʱˡ
һȺǿߣȫ۵ĹǺʱҲܲôֱ࣬ӳ˽ȥǣȻҲȺ˵ĺ档
ȻղŻͨʱûг֣ǺȻǲҵӴŶӡ
һͻĻڳĻѽѹסˡ⻹Ϊŷ粻ڵԭٶһţӴ֣ǸЩˡ
ϾѰһԵģģ˭֪һȺˣɳʲôزҲܹΪϹŴҲ˵£硣
ڶ֮˶Щɵۣŷеһӡ
˶ˣŷСЦһ֣ˡ
ëҲ֪ˣղǵŻһⶼûУֻŷǽ֮󣬸ûнϢ˵Ĵ㡣
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˷ʣһ˲Ǳˣ£ҲˣȴûзԼ£ʱЩżˡ
ô˵ҲһߣܲʧĻͿ϶Ҫʧ
Ҳ֪ҽʱڲҲǸһˣһӦܹɷųŷָָһ
Ǳʮͷޣһ˫۾ȴ׹䣬һͷ޵ǰһ̯ѪܱܿǸߵġ
ʹŷ˵һԼ±Ұ޳ˣҲ̫ˡ
һȺŭȴһЩɫÿЦϽУֻ壬вޣһڽЩ˶ȥˣЩܸ˲ء


880 ʮͷ
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֪Լ˵ĲףϽǸ⵹ûйϾղŵĻڳʿȫˣǲǸĻȺ˿»֣ʱᱯġ
ˣǸ̬ȳϿңЩʿɫ΢滺һ㣬ҲһղŽŵùǺ
ȥɱ˼ͷ˾ԼҪʲôǰȥ
ŷɴ۾ڿһһѵʲô¶Ĵ£ȻȥǶһһȥʮʵ̫ˡ
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ΪȥˣӦúţأڿҲ˰ŷ翪ڣԵۡ
棬֪ʮͷ޵֣ڳ˶Ǹ˺ΪֲޣѪ֮˫֮󣬾ȫڸУҾսǿԶԶһߡ
Ķ˵ʮǳʮǼµģԲǡ
Ϊʲôʦ֡һվ˳ŷʡ
ŷû˵һƽɳȥ˻ȾѪȫˡŷ˵һҲʶûбҪڶղң㹻𣿡
ǿƣǳǿƣȻǸ˶˵ʲôǰԼʶԷģѵҪԷĵ㣬Ǻǣʲô鶼ռ˰ɡ
һְɣڶôǿʮͷޣºȴǵģǸΣյĻ˳ȥüƽ񿪿ڣ澹ȻȰˡ
˳ΣգѾ˵Щ˵ΪȻʺٴˣȴûйȰ
ϾѰһԵִĻҲֻܹԼŻƽĻн˳ȥЩǼ˵ˣǸоԼʵУȥðա
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鶼֮󣬹ŷڳˣ˾Űˣʮͷ޷纣ʮͷڵĵطû
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µľˣǿ߱УֱȻǹŷûСƶԷǴʱҲһɿµĳֱӺɳȥ
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üͷããɱ˹ȥһͷޱɣһ塣ͬʱͷҲâǸ˻ɣһɱ
ĴսУʱŷǾԵޣסǶĹ
ʧٶٶ֮ʮͷޱɱˣڳ˶ľֻʮͷ޶ѣȻɱǶˣȺˣв˶ҡˡ˭֪ʲôµĶ
Ǳʮͷ޻ҪĻǶ붼ҪΣˣȫҪ
ŷ磬Ҳɫأ룬ͻȻ˵߰ɡ˻һǽסˣΧ˶סˡ
Եôõõģĳƽ˳׼Ǿǵõ˻Ե³ҲòȥҲʧŷ絭˵ĿģôʧȻָֻˡ
ڡԥһ£ͷţϴ󡣡
ʦġ
Ҳˣڹŷľǰٷ֮һٵ֧֣Թŷһڣűͬˡ
˶ͬˣڣû
ԹŷһǿȻֱ˳ȥû뵽飬ƽЩ㶡
κ󣬻ƽҲһ˳˳
һȺ˾ȣȴóȥԳ˻ƽ񣬸ûԸ˳ȥǲǲ֪ٳȥо޴ΣգܾԼһǸ˶еΣա
˵Ľ˿Цá


881 
ŷǳȥ֮󣬵һᣬֻƽԼҲˣüͷ΢΢壬ŷ絹ǲ
ùŷǣƽȻֱ˹
ղŵ飬ĵطλ£ƽֺʥŮǸˡƽϹ˵Ӷһɳˡ
ڳ˶εĸоƽڶ֮һԸ߰ǿƣʲôʱ͹ͷȴǵͷζʲôǴȥϽ硣
ˣҪĨǣʲô˵ɡŷһۿƽͼڣǼ鼴˵ƽûĻҲԲӣȻӺɵǸ
ӺŷӦԷǸǼٵģҪġ
ʵڳ˶Щɻֻԯݺῴһ㶫ȴûйŷôסû˵Źŷ磬ֻҪ֪ŷµʲô뷨һӡ֤ܵõȷĴ𰸡
ƽڻ˳棬Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˵û˳Ϊ˻ƽйǿԿ϶ڶŻһֱڣûб򿪣ʮͷޣǻƽŵġŷ쳣϶˵
˻һڳ˶һû뵽ŷ羹ȻĲ²⣬ֻͷԼ򵥵ĻƽĻӵƣԽԽһĸо
֪Ƕǲţ룬ʮ޵Ƕô¾ǰҲ˰ɣԻƽʵܹʮͷޣܹǰҪ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
һȺ˳ĬȻһѾһֻ̤۷սеǿߣȴǿջˣĻѾ۷սˣһˣǿɵġ
ʮͷޣǸսǻƽʵ죬¶ܽԷ
˵ƽ˳ֻһĿģˣɨƽǰ·ЩϽĸ߱ĵĲʱ򣬻ƽͻ֣ȻɨЩˡ
ŷķӺȻ˭Ҳû뵽ƽȻһ޴壬ȴȥ
ڳˣ˹ŷԣƽ۹⣬ԲŸ˳ȻĻȫҪмơ
Ͼֻһ֮ʣһûء
֤ѾˣҲˣ·ɡŷ翴Զһۡ
ʱ˶Ӧŷ˵֤ݣٸǿߣڸУͷһƽˣʣɢϢϡ
ڳˣԥתܣһûСʲôЦƽ֣Ǿ֪ŷ˵ȫȷģҲûʲô취Ͼǲܿǿߡ
ƽǻؾеǿ֮һһһȺΧסˣǿҪ̧ס
ϾԷҲʵ̫ǿһˡ
ƽŭ죬ۼŷߣ쳤ХƽҲףһȺǿҪߵĻ׷ϡ
к޼Ƿ׷
뿪ﲻ֪ԶŷͣˣһȺ˶һۣȻ̲סЦ˳˭Ҳû뵽ڻؾУȻһᱻ׷ͬɥ֮ȮһǱ
⹷յĻƽʵ̫ˣҸǵǿǾûлᡣЩơ
ƽȻ彣һĻǻƽסڹŷ統ǣһŷԼϣ̫ŷǳĹŷ磬ҪҲס
ӱʮ겻ǲżŷЦ˵һ㶼żͬ׵ĻŷĺɨղŵЩˡ
ȻٸΣɱǹŷţڴԼΪߵһ졣
ϹŴ֮޵УǹŷԼĿ꣬ҷǳʵ֡
ȥʵ
ȻﻹŪ˲ٺöģĴԵȴûС
ȡŷ絭˵
˶׹ŷʲô˼ΪʲôҪȣҪʲôˣ
ȵؾرյһ죬ҲµòĻĴ½ϵǿߣˣڻؾУǲûпǵʵˡԲܣֻҵһطȥ
ŷͣȻŷ˵طҲܵһ飬Ҳ³ء
һˣܵĻԷ֣Ǹʱ鷳ˣҲȫΣա
Ҹطȥõѡ
һͬ⣬Ȼ㿪ʼҵطҵһɽȣһԸ̽ǲĺõط
ǽɽУǳʧڻؾС


882 ͵Ϯ
ƽһֱѰŷǵ䣬ҪһΪ֪ôϻǱϽеһЩ֪ˣһοܻɳǿ˲μӡ
ʱǵˣؾе飬ʵȻǿ󣬵Զԣǵĵ̫ˣǴӸֵǸֵϱȣʵϽ粻֪١
һǵƾǲκһϽѣҪɱĻһβŻ˽ȻΪǴЩ
ϧƵĺܺãȴ͹ϽЩǿߡ
ӳȥˣǹŷǣҲ˿˻ƽǵƣǰ˳ͬŷһ
˲ֹŷһҶڵȴʱĽʱؾὫֱ˦ȥǾͰȫˡ
⼸գŷ粻ʱܹоо޴ɨҪҵǣȴһöûУȻƽʵǿҲȻ벻ڻؾоȻһط
мʱ䣿ŷѯӡ
ǴɽУѾʮʱˣʣµʱ䣬ӦòˣԹŷ̲סѯʵġ
졣
ӻش
ŷоһ˾
ʲôԯݺڹŷĶ棬ŷ˼һоˣʱЩʵ
ڳˣ˵˽ŷ磬ֻԯݺˣ֪һһ˿ǾҪһˣǰձ׷ôǱһسӣǲء
ƽһĽѵŷ絭˵۾һ
ţǵһ֣˵Ҫμӡ
ֻһжǱˣҵҪ߷ǳףҪǶһ˵Ļڶһ׸ŷ˵һ㶼˵ȴʵ
Թŷڵʵ׵ķоԷʱ䣬Ҫӳȥʵ̫ˡ
ټһˣȫһˣܻΪ׸ŷ綼Ͻȥ
ȥɡԯݺ˵ʵǿŲŷϺȡ
ŷֻǿһۣȻ󵭵˵̫ˣʺϺӡ
ΰ£ΪϷءԯݺƣҲûǿ֪ŷ»ǱȽзִģôȻԼǡ
ԯݺҲҪ󣬹ŷҪĻ϶ῪڵģȻһȥǾͱʾһϷûԯݺλá
һҲգԯݺᵹҪ֪ŷҪôƽһѵ
ŷ粻˵Ҳûʡ
ֱ죬ŷ뿪СĵԼϢǱ˹ȥٸ߶ڻ˳ǰ棬ֻҪ˴ȻܵǵһʱĴʱ۶Էôˡ
һĻŷЩŭô˵ҲЩеһԱһѹסеķŭŷĵǱһͷߣûзӦʱֱӽͷޣԼĿռС
һ̣ŷ仯ͷ޵ӣϵϢ˸ı䡣˶ûо쵽ƽǿһۣȴûзʲôԵĵطҲû⡣
ŷе⣬رԴҪԼϢı䣬ʵ̫ˣ仯֮ʵһͨΪﵽˣһЩֶʦͨġ
ŷ޵壬ǰ治ͣŲڣ˻ƽߡ
һϲŷȴû̷Ҫȵ뿪ؾһ̣Ȼų֣ĻʡܵԷֲĴ
Ͼڳǿʵ̫ˣԷʱҲ̫Զˣŷֻ뿪һ˲䣬ɱ߻˻ƽŸҴ򿪾ԷȻȥ
һжôһˣһͷɴСն֮ʱڱסƬ񷡣
ǻƽһǿߣĻƽԲô
̾ϢǱʧ˼Ǳһ۵ǿߴߵġ
ҲǣƵǣֱڣҶ֪˭ƽЩơ
ŷ̫ˣߵ˭֪ѵƽˡ
ҼסǵϢǸҳҵǧ֮ڣҾܹҵδ̫ˣƽ˵һԼĻ
ŷһЦ˳ǧ֮أҲʮף;첻Ĵڣ֪Լһ֮󣬶ԷһʲôӦŷЩڴˡ
ʱƣŷƽͽԽԽ
ʱ䵽ˡ̾Ϣһ
ڴʱŷ糹ױһϢֱ˺üħɨˣֱӽնˡ


883 ۻ
ƽŭӣû뵽ԷȻǱԼߣһѣնΣ߶û⡣
뵽ԼղŻֻ꣬ҪԷԼǧ֮ڣܹоԷϢֱҪһطȥ
ϾڶԷǧ֮ڣڰ֮ڣɵľ룬ûиоǳĴ
ߣ̲סݺݵĵ˻ƽһۣһĻʵ̫ˣŸ˵û£Է˵նˡ
ǵԪ񷢳˻ŷɱȥһߵԪ񣬹ŷͲ⣬ֱһնȥһ˰ˡǿĸߣҪˣǿԪȻħҲ޷κζԷ
Ͼħһطӡûн⿪ŷվüͷų罣һǿߵԪ롣
ƽߵԪˣȻٴҪ
ŷѾˣһвŷʧǵǰʱ䵽ˣŷ뿪˻ؾ
ʵֹǹŷ뿪ˣкܶ˶뿪ˡ
ͽȥȣٸһޱȣҲֻйŷЩˣҵ˺õطܹһֱȥ
ˣȫǱܶ϶ѪۣȻһսһʧϽǿǧˣǸߣиδ
쳤Х˱ʹвʶ˲ף֮ȴܵĴǿߵ׷ɱ
Աٻдˣȴɱһֻ࣬ʣôһˣ˳
һͷɢħһŷۿԷһͷںڵͷɲǼѩףǲʮꡣ
ʮ֮һĵۻҹѩ汻ɱˡ˵ӵݣͬʱһ
ŷĵһܹܵ˵ĲǿԳԽǣħ˷ħ֮󣬼ֱ̫ϧˡ
ŷ˹ȥĵۻʵļ
һ˫ѪɫӶڹŷϣɱ⡣
Ǹ˵ĻͱѣԺɱȥȺ쵰ˣĥԼԵȥ𣿡ŷ£˵
ۻʲֻеɱˡ
֪дޣҪȥģ̬Ͼ磬һǰ˵ٵߵʱпġŷЦ˵һŷ
ĸһǿļעۻʵС
˭˵ģۻӳڹŷϡ
ӨŮɷ裬һֱҸӨŮİ취仰ǹŷ紫ģõۻʻ𡣼ʹңҲӨŮϢˡ
˭ۻʶŹŷ硣
ŷ硣ûԼݣŷֱӻش
ۻʻһȻĿ˹ŷһۣ˵лл
ŷ絭һЦ⣬ֻǶظкøУԲŻ¶Լݡ
ҹŷҲףظˣҲԲὫԼ͸¶ȥ
ԺĿ꣬ǵپߣȻԼİˡۻʵĵգǿѪڻؾеӣȻȻڿնȥ
жҪдϣ֪ʲôʱҪʲô顣
˵ʲôôǴѪһӵɴ۾Щ˼˵
ϾղŵۻʵӣֱҪҪģۻѾûлȥˡ
ŷֻǹȥһᣬۻʾͻָ˻ŵֱе㲻˼顣
Ҹ㿴ǸӶлȥ㻹ʲôȥģˣɣȻһָۣ˻ŵġŷЦ˵
ߣˡ
ȿȣô𣿡ߵɵǰѯɡ
Ĵһӣɵͷ
ӲһҪѪҪԼĺ֪ҵһ㰲οڿҴġ
ûй̼㣬㿴һүүţǡšԯݺᣬ彣ܴһʵ
ӺмѰһ£ŷ֣Լǵ׵ģ⼸ˣ˭Ҳɲ
󵹻һڡӽĿ֮ڡм˵ұϹŴôܱ꣬еʣѾǲˣ㻹ұȣզȥһзء
˻һӶˣʵΡ˰죬ŷԼԭġ
ʵҲģҪǹүүǶ̫̬ˡСοˣǺЦʵ˵Ƿǳ⡣
ſЦЦһҲ֪ŷ̫̬ˣóѾѪˡ


884 ħɱ
ʲô飿ͻȻһ֮һΰӰƣڽ£ǿϢ磬鸩ףĤݡ
Ӱ·֮Ψһ󣬶Ͻ硣
ϹŴһϹŴϢȣѪ죬ϵΨҶ𡣴ʱϹŴû͵Ϣһɱ䣬ն˺ˣ緭Ҫһ
ϽУҲֻϹŴ߲ܹӵܡ
ϹŴŭԭΪģܵؾĹرգǰӦԼ۰СŮǽȴ裬Ůеӣһˣȫʧ
ζʲôɵӶ֪ζȫ˻ؾС
ʮ߸棬һ˸Ǹеٮٮߣ˭ɱǣããɱ죬ɨر飬޺һƬĩվ
ֳ̫ˣʹŷǶܲסԶԶ뿪
һ˫ɨˣϹŴѰ֡
Ȼʧ϶ûŮǵϢڳ˶֡
Գʲô飿ָһߣöԷش
Ǹսս˵˻ؾеľĴǿңǣսǼɱ⣬ϹŴŭһֱӳ֣˺һŻǻؾ
ûȥһ˾нǻؾеһħţһֲĸߣǴʱϹŴУȴʲô㲻ϣнţҪץ
˶𺳣ϹŴֱ˺ѻؾץˡҶԷһн޵еĴڣǴʱȴһ㷴ûС
˶ãħţ군˵ʱ򣬻ؾŻͻȻڷ⣬һӿֱӽϹŴĸ첲ضˣڻؾеһθ첲ֱӷ飬ʧ˵ǰ
ؾŻҲʧϹŴŭ𣺡쵰ĲһץˣԼŮɱۼҪȴؾˣ˻ʧһֱۣЩܡ
ǰϢŭһλؾ׼ɱĴʱҲΪǰŮˡǸ߿ڣȰοϹŴ
ʵϣҲǲΪ֮˭ĳϹŴҪץˣĻɱڳˣǿ޶ˡ
㲻ϹŴ񿪿ڣȻһ̤뿪
һ˸ŹεսڸߵУ¶ϲɫ⾹ȻһѽϹŴȻûϹŴܣǱҪõ̫ˡ
ӵߵսһжǿĴˣλ᲻ˡ
Ľӵܹͬսǰһ󲽡
лǰ͡Ǹ˷ܵ˵
ԷϹŴҲ⣬ȴܲ⣬ϹŴͱһֶ䡣
ҵ鷳ˡڴʱڡͻȻһЦ
ǸϹŴ뿪֮һϹŴ٣һƵϹŴ񣬸һ٣гħɢǵء
һЩΪǳʿ̲ס³һѪǺȻĶϹŴٴαˡ
죬ħɱ档˾ϳϹŴݡħɱ棬ϽϹŴΪɲ⣬ص㣬㣬һǲСðĻҲᱻУҵᣬһֱ
һ⣬ͷۣǡ
ڡΪһЩԭ򣬵ħɱ棬ԷҪɱȴֹˣħɱ滹ǰг֣һƣڡǱܶһûС
ֽ쳣£ڡʼ棬ûа취⿪ϹŴ񣬵Ща취ǲħɱ棬ڡŵʱ򣬻ԼҲⲻ
⿪ҵֶΣħɱͻȻĿתŷ磬һĨȡ
ŷͷԷΪϹŴǶ֣ǹŷȴ
żҵˣȻҲûеͷģŷҲһǿϻҪףǲܵġ
õǣϹŴ񶼲ҽ⿪СϵĽ㾹Ȼҳ֣ǲħɱˡħɱڹŷϣɱ
ħɱ棬Ҷ𣬻벻ҪǨŭţ¡ڡվ˳ħɱ濪ڣɫܼᶨùŷΪԼʲô⡣

ħɱһһɱڡֱˡ
ڡըȻѵ壬˺Ȼķ֣ΪȻһ磬Ž׵ʿֻ˽ˡ
ϹŴܣ𾪡


885 ϹŴ
֮䣬һŽ׾콾飬Ϊһ磬ܣ졣
ħɱ棬˳ֶԸһ㻹ϹŴ񡣡ŷʣüڷ⣬罣ɳնƲ졣
ϵϢһ˲ֲϢħɱ֡
˶ˣ𺳵Źŷ磬ϹŴӶֱˡ
ħɱЦһָһϢҪ罣顣
͡
鷢ˣ罣Ȼ𶯣ȴδ𣬸ǱһϢħɱָͷնһϸСѪۡ
δѪֻ˵ƤҲ㹻ˣһȻ콾еǿߣҲ˺һϹŴ
ţȴˣʼϲʹħɱ棬סˡ
󣬱޾ŭħɱһˣ쳤ХѣȻǲԶĻǣһˣء
ˡ
һŭǻеϹŴԻǵأѹħɱɱ
âҪһս𣿡ħɱǿƣĿⶢŻǡ
ҪһȥҪҰҪһսֵĸһâϹŴЦһ㽫ħɱ
ȻҲܴӮĸϹŴ
ЩϹŴ񣬻һɣϹŴеٮٮߡЦһħɱٴνĿͶŷϡ
ðϣᵯָŷһƬ飬޾ħ⽫û˶ùŷˡ
ħɱ棬ȴ¶𾪵ɫŷվ˿δһƶûܵ
һĨˣȻһϹŴҲվԭأҲסһΥ
ĸһ£ħɱͻȻ¶һĨȡ
׺ۣȻϡħɱ澪ϲ˵һãѵñȻϹŴҲ̲סĶġ
ȻĻ䣬նֱγһɱŷħɱ֮ˡ
쵰ħɱŭЩɱȻƿ˼վǼλϹŴʩչģһʱ֮䣬Ҳȫƿ
䡣
Ӱ֣Ųϣرȼ磬ǶΨһϽģ־̫ᶨʿ̲סȥ
ħɱޣŷˣĻһСĽΧʱսͨ죬Ҳ˴ġ
ڳ˶û뵽ʱȻϹŴ֡
һϹŴһ֣ͬؽԲԶ
ӣŷվһȻǿѹǲ߿
޹ص뿪һϹŴ峡뿪ʱȽϺõģΪһϹŴ˵ֱӳ֣Ҫ˻ɱ
ȫŭһ֣ʹԼǿֶΣӭȥ
䡣
һ죬ȫѪΪҵڡٴըһˡ
뿪ŷǺ
һϹŴǺҲһߵĻᣬǰϹŴ񣬾죬ǲʵ̫ˣ޷ֿ

ԯݺ˵״̬ãֻһˡŷĻԯݺüͷһԥһ
ָǸֵϹŴɫ䡣
һָֻǶ£Ҫʸ飬ڴʱԯݺͻȻһûǸʸУȻǸϹŴûзӦ
Ʊشʸƣü䣬ǸϹŴҽһ
˵ŷղֻϹŴħɱ涪һӣԯݺ˺ϹŴ
𺳣Ǹվŵӣ˾ηȻԯݺҲ԰ˡ
ԵͽߵʵϹŴ񣬼ʹϹŴãʵȴɡ
죬㲻˰ɣȻһ˵ˣ㽫ΪδϹŴеЦħɱ泰Ū˵
ŷŪúûӣںȣͲʲô¡˶ƣʸ϶˶ͷϣѾˡ
ǴȥͲóˣϾӹŵ񣬼ûз顣
ŭ뽫üĵļʸժͻȻоԣһɿֲĲԴը飬ѪȾ񷡣
һϹŴ񰡣ȻԴʵ̫ˡ
Ԫ˻ŲĹԣûյ𺦣ԪХ޸ֱӶ˵ɱҪɱԯݺᣬйͷ֮ޡ


886 Կ
߱˳ȥǰ棬һ¡ڴʱ彣˲һͬʱһ⡣
彣ĺΪɫʣɨϵ£ס
ŭһ˸Ӷ޹⡣һϼ彣飬ͬʱס߱䣬ϹŴ

һְֻ
ơ
ŷüĵ罣ٴγһ졣ֻظ֣û罣Уڰ罣Χ
оգŷٴζ˽
ֱֻ߱䵲һ£ȻŷĹ㵽ˣֱǰǰһѪۣ˺Զ
ٴνһϹŴˣ˶ĿɿڴЩ㶣ùŷǼֱˣȻ˼ս
죬ǲһҪˣᣬڹŷǵϣ˿ֲɱʹͬΪϹŴ񣬵Ҳҵס
Ϊ켸Ҫˣһըһһ
ţǱվ˳ҲҲԵסϹŴһȻ˳֣ٴλ˶Է
ǴʱȴëȻҲҶϹŴ񣬲ܹסġ
ʹսҲֻǵסһ
޵вͷѣϹŴӵʵղż˵Ĺǻһߣ֪ѾɱٱˣǶϹŴȴֻһ˺
ǲ࣬޷ֲ
ʱ⣬ǶҪ
գӣɱңҸŹġӴ
Ҳվ˳˵ʥŮգ𣿡
˵үүǳʵҲҿ϶ܿ϶ǣүүԱҪɱǣүүԳ㡣ţǿ˵
ǺʥԺԯݺᣬӦҵ֡ԯݺᵭ˵ĻһȻ𾪣Ҫ֪ԯݺŸϽûãһΪʥԺһֵ֣ӣǺʥԺʵʲô⣬նҪܵʥԺ׷ɱȻΪϹŴ񣬿¶ʲô³
ǺʥԺţҪǸɱʦҲŹġɫ䡣
֣ٴմɫ΢䣬߱һѧҽԼ֤ţ˭ȥ˺
Ȼǰ˵ĵӣʵе㲻˼飬ŵӣȻǼٻ
ټˣϼһҲóһˣȻĻ˼ҶûҪĺء彣Ҳڡ
ǵʦ˭ڳϹŴΪˣǿ˾㤵Ĵڡ
˺֣ұ־ɱ㡣һвڡģ֪ŷΪԼԭ򣬲ǳĴ鷳Ļǳܾ
ֻһûпڣڡĻ䣬ͻȻǹФӻӣʦ֣סŷ硣
Ļһ䣬߳һǿӰħɱ̲סâ
âûпŻӣǺЦɫȴ΢΢ЩӣڿΪʦˡ
ʦֻһֱ±ݣֻԶţʦ¡ӹ˵
ҴΣâЦ˵
ӻһ¶ϲɫм˵Ը⡣
á
âֻ˵һ仰Ȼһ⡣˷֣ըȻһµ壬۳ĻŵϢ˵ıԴ˱仯
ȻħݣȴһǸˣԪУһ˿ԹҲһֱںϵԭԺĻӣûйϵҲûйϵֻǻӡâ˵
лʦ
վһˣŷǻˡ䣬Ըʲôûиı䣬ȴһ顣
ŷ˼ϵϢ΢΢һ䣬˸ˡ
ֻصһֱ֣ŷֻ˸һε
֮䣬ֻأһ㣬һ仨֣ȻлٴεлܶʼգȻޡ
ŷһ𣬴ĳ־е䣬ӼᶨХһڽ£ɢΨҶϢ
ԵԵİԵϵ£ΨҶ˶𺳣˭û뵽ŷĵȻ˰ҡ
ߣâҪֹɱˣŭղŶ棬â֪߳ԷҪֹԼһŭ


887 
âÿɷЦ˵ʵھ㡣
ЦҲʲô˼֪ڵɱˣҺħɱ棬ŵļһʵ̫ˣΡ
Ȼ֪ղħɱڻǰӣҪħɱ档ڳҲֻħɱ棬ܻӦ롣
ȻĻһħɱЦãҵҪǿϹŴâжô
ҪһâЦ
ħɱ˵ͷûзϡ
һֵءâЦĸӿˣҪԼĶ࣬һϡ
ϹŴȻһ嶯ֻΪ˺ôģûбҪĿֲһ֡
ҪҪĻһ֣Ҳֻˣ˵ԶٵġħɱЦ
ڵߵǷǣҪһȴ˵ԷҪԶ٣ֱˡ
ħɱôһ˵â治˼ԼֵܳˣһҲаգٲ䡣
治Ҫŷ̲סһ䣬ʱ˵ע˹
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ϹŴ֮䣬أȫ֣ͬȼĸ֣˿ɵ
ԯݺǵĸоҲǹŷһ͵סϣвһֳͷ
ȫֲƣҪסһ
ɫᣬһĨɱˣ޿֡
ŷǻսڷıҪѹƣκΪ̫Զ͵ס
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ɱ
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ŷǶԼˣҲʱһɫĹ⻪ӹŷϱһͷƽããϢѹ磬еĹȥˡ
ƽһϢٴûŷ׵С
ۣڹػʱ̣Ȼˣסһιɫ׵ĺˣһٵĳֱס޴档
˵ٴδһƣҪɱŷ硣
ҿһ˭ܹ㡣ĳı̼ˣʱЦޱȣ˱̬Цݣ˿ͷƤ顣
ҹȥ
һȴһǿ۷ս𣬳ȻһƽˣǿƵ˼㡣
ǰ˾˾Ȼʮʱ䣬Ϊ۷ս𣬶Ǽǿ֡
˸Ųıԣ̺ľ
Ͷ֮䣬һϢոһڵѷ졣ǸոͻƵ۷ս𣬻ûȹ̾磬Ż
ƾ㣬Ҳɱʦˣǿƣ۷սУԺɨ£һӱΪΪĴڣ졣
⼸գҸо˽Уû뵽Ȼ㣬ΪҵĶ𣿡Цʵ
߹һǿզ࣬ԵĿһϹŴ񣬶ǰèȻǿƣʵ̫ڿֲˡ
ףǷʵһϹŴ񣬺Ͻ硣

Цȴˡ
гһѳƣ֤УһϹŴڸա
ȴƤӶû̧һ£ֻǵ˵ˡ
ĸ֣Ĵ̼죬һֱն䡣
һȭǬ޵С
һȭѪ죬һ̫գ£ǰױס緭ȻУֲȭͷĳҷɣϣֱӱˡ
˶񣬼ֱڿһ
һȭһϹŴ壬һѵ𣿵ǸղѾ˵ˣļһողŽ۷սУֻսҲʵֲ̫һɡ
ֻأǣɱ
ϵ縡֣չֻذ壬ȻϹŴԪҲڲͣıԪ˻𣬶üڳɱ
Ϊʧ㣬ήҵ˼㡣
ĵϣﻯ顣
һִͨԪУԪ黯һʧ˳һ⣬ʧ˵ǰ˿г˾ηȻһɱһϹŴ


888 ս
ֻһϹŴôоҪ˶ԾǶһۣԷеľ
£Ű˷ΨҶ
ˡ𵭵˵һִǣȻϹŴ񣬶ӵ㹻ĵ
ѵǺѯʡ
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ݺʦйս𵭵Ŀڣ졣
˶ʱ꣬ٴγϹŴǿߣҼǿкɨڳ˶Ƕ֡
սɹżҡ˾
ͷûзϡŷ綼ˣԼϽ磬ѵҲɣҲ̫˼˰ɣĹսʼ棬ʲô飬ŻЩϽǿߣϿͷ
ֲôȻǹսĵӣҲֻǸ̬ܹ̳ǿߡħɱ澪ŭᵽս֣Ƕڳ鴤
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ϹŴУҲŵȣħɱȻǻâǿߵĶ֡
սһս֮£ұѹһǿߡǸȽº͵ϹŴ񿪿ڣЩ̾˴棬һɢϹŴδ´С
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ԶԶսһǿ߶սɢĲٶģǴ޾УȻңûиϡһϹŴҲڣ˵һ
Ѱɵųƶ౦棬һʵǿ׷ٵı£µһȻδرǿ
ʱ౦澹Ȼ˵Լ׷ˣ˾սΪ״ﵽʲôΣ
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ڳ۾ڹŷϣ˿
ǶϹŴ񣬲ҲЩɵһɣΪҵõֻءŷЩ˵
౦ͻȻ˵ûֻصϢҵȻδֻأǶܹ׽ϢģϸûС
Ǳ˸оܻЩɻ󣬶౦ое㲻ˣѰڸϢС
ŷУֻصϢһѲĸӦġ
ҪĲֻأ׺ֻۣҪ㽫Щң㲻һϹŴ֣ͷɫףһɫսܣоƣͷ𾪵ϡ
Ҳˡ౦濪ڣ΢΢Щɵ
ϹŴΪѲһħɱ滹Ҫûеߣʵǿ󣬾˵ϲƵľȫطƣʵȫӽϹŴ񣬼ΪѲ
Ϊϡ䱦Ķû뵽ȻϽˣ׺ۣҿԽҵľŸƳΪϹŴεĴڣЦѪɫѪһƬռ䡣
һϹŴʵ̫ǿˣղŰ˵գǰһ쳣ǿƵĴڡ
㻹ҳ֣һɫⱩǣǵءһͷ֣֪ɣ޴ޱȣ趯ǳˣԭĹ켣
Ҿ
ͬʱӻһס
ͷһӢӽվڹŷߣͻȻȥƽø
ŷ类һһϹŴ񰡣ʹԼӣǶԷĹùãҲִܳ
˶ɴ۾˲˼顣Ҫ֪ϹŴޱȣǹݺˣԷΪϹŴ񾳽ĻȻҪܵǴ
ǹŷȴȻƽĹøԲǴɣҪ֪ϹŴĸĸּĴڣ޷ǵĹݡ
ڹŷ磬֪һУϽһε˵ȿȣ˴öһΣøȥǳԡ
˽㶣ȻȻЦ


889 
ЩΣѾЦˣ˯˵ŷޱȣɾͲԴŷ磬زҪʧ
ƽΪϹŴλһ֮ʣȻԷ˯ҲһýŷȻǳΪϹŴҲδػᳬԽԼνĳɾͲҲ˯ġ
ֱڣ֪˯һ㶼ûп
һĽ׵ļһܹԼĹݴ񣬹ŷ֮󣬿¹Уպĳɾͣһ
һӣ壬ûκвΪ󽫵ĹҲϽУûκܹвˡ
ڳϺΣȴǳˣһ㶼оһڳ˸̾һƤֱԱȵϳǽˡ
ӣƲʾʶԼϵЦɵӣӾ͸оۡ
ݹŷ֮Ŀתɫɱߣôĵӣһ˶ϰɡ
Ҫɱңɫ΢΢Щζ

ǳǿƣֱҪɱԷ
ЦΪԷԼĶ֣Ȼǿ󣬵Ҫɱȴȫܡ
˶սļʣȽϴһ㡣
α㶯֣Ȼɱŷ翪ڣܵһϤϢм
һ㶣ڴʱһŭĺǱߣһƻ飬Ԫ˻磬Ӵ𣬳ȻԷϯȥ
һӰ֣ѩ绪һƳȫ飬Ԫ棬ֻڷ⣬ֱԪ
ҽУ˺ѷΣԪ˻ȴӲȥԷƿߣҪ׽ɱ
ľֵһ̬ȻҪɱǿʵ̫˼ˡ
ʹŷ׼ǵһĻ֮Ҳ΢΢Щ𺳣һʧ䣬֮Ϊ࣬ʵԽԽˡ
һᣬԪ񱻳ǸһŷߣͶĻС
Ӷһɳˣ˾ȻǹŷŮˣǼֱΪԼˡһ񣬾Ȼһ۷ս𣬶ܹɱ۷սŮˣֱ˵һ
ȻʵͰǵǰǲòš
㣬ڿϼˡŷЩ˵ݺݵĽԯ§ڻУϤĸоһλðĸо
ĵģһҲһΣˣһжûˡѵùŷҲСŮڣñ֪ˣ϶Цá
ԯ죬ڹŷ壬ʵ̫Ҫˣ˵ԯǹŷһϿɵŮˣҳСʱС
ŷԯĸо⣬ĳҲ̹ĵŮˡ
Ҳ㣬ֻ첻Ҽ㣬Ҫúܹ㡣ԯЦ˵续һͷ˿趯ɡ
ĻܰҲùŷЦãԼҪ˱𣿲һΧϹŴ񣬹ŷ粻ıĳϣԼȷʵûԱǰЩϹŴ񣬶ܹɱ
ԺỻұġŷģҲڸԼĴϾԯٶȣʵһ츳Ůӣһ·ֱӽ۷ս𣬶ս˫
ղŻɱȻһ˿͵Ϯĳɷ֣ԾĻҲ벻Ķ֡
á
ԯЦ˵
ȻһŮǿˣŮ˵ᣬǳԸܹŷıϧǣŷһֱδ׷ĳɳٶȣԱһ˵Щˡ
ԯ죬⣬֪ŷϲԼľˣĲҪ
ңһߵȴȥˣħɱЦҪȻؼȥŷ罫ۺ£ֶ㱣ס
ʲôԯתʵ
ħɱ棬ϹŴԯ죬㼴ʹ뿪ҲӦóƺһѡħɱЩ
Լˣԯ첻һ͸ԴԼ޹⡣
ǰ㻹ûʸ𾴣սҡԯ쵭˵۷սǿսʱĻһڣϢħɱ֣ľ
飬ԭҲΪӣˣǱˣ㡣ԯ쵭˵
˶ܵǿƣӣҪɱһϹŴ񰡡
ħɱȻҲԯ˼쳤Хħ𶯾ʮء


890 ŷı
һϹŴ񣬳ױϢֲħסվھ֮ϣ˼䡣
ԯҲ֣ƮȻɣûһǻȴɢһְĽ⣬ǿսһУֺգƣħɱֹȥ
ڳ˶ĿתĶǰһУʵ̫ˡʱıϹŴ֮սּսʱҲһΣʱȻű
ʹǣҲòѾٵˡ룬Ŵһ
䡣
һ죬ħɱ澹ȻסԯĹ쳤Х裬һħ٣Ҫء
ԯһ޹Ҳ⣬֣ս˺һУǳγһıըһſŴ׹䣬ħɱ˹ȥ
Щǳ̺ԯſֲ
ħɱߣֺգЩǳǿ磬˲ײ
ûԴĴݿ࣬ԯ죬ȴ쳣ǿƣչһһħɱˡ
ϣƣȻڳſµĹ
ԯһŮսսϣһ޴ӰԼ󣬴ʱӰһһսɱ¡
ħɱ屬飬ѪȾ񷣬Ԫߣԥ
ԯû׷һߵԯݺᣬȴһ㶼һʸ׷ĨɱԪ񣬲һ㽫ħɱԪˡ

ħɱŭ𣬵ȴһͷֻӡ
ܵشǾָĻҪϹŴľ磬ħɱԲ顣
ԯصŷߣȻԯݺ˵ͷʲôû˵ԯݺЦҲԼǰ͹ŷԣԯԼûкøУġ
һϹŴսܣڳˣЩΪŷǴ׵ĸڿͲǻ£Сӵʵǿ󣬵ˣֲ̫ˣԯĳ֣Ҫͷ
ϾҲĳˣǽڲųΪ۷սģ˵ʵȴԶԶԽǣǽкܴռ䣬ﵽ磬Ҳδزԣǿߣ˭Ҳ뽫
ۣȴһ޴ջ󣬾ǣԸᡣ
ô˵Ķԯ쿪ڣӱ䡣
λϹŴԣȻҪᣬʱ˭Ҳ˵ϾԯǿǶУ˭Ҳ˵ԼܹӮһŮˡ
һĳ֣֣ɱκһˣǾһûеġ
ֳշǳӲЦ˵ʦ˵ڹŷΪ֮ǰ˭Ǹ֣նɱǸˣǸ˭
˻һɫ䡣սһǿߣвԼֱ̫ˡ˭Ҳ뱻ϣǱĽ֡
ǿܻ֪ŷȴĶµĴߣħڹŷУ˭ҿ϶պȴ𲻻䡣ٴγһˣ˾
ˣǹŷһӣ˯ϵƣǹŷȣǳ˺ŷ磬͵˵ıɡ
ţŷʲϵǳ
Ȼǵĵ˲٣ܽ͸ŷ磬Ӧ֪ζʲô
콩ʬܶǹŷ꽻
棬ŷһĽ顣
һĽЩϢ˵ÿ˵һ䣬ڳɫѿһ֡ЩˡһǱǿϺܶĴڣϹʱڵĴܣһˣܹɨµһ֣ס
ΪһۣԼЩֵá
˭֪˵Ǽ١һ֪ʲôط֣һƬռ䣬һӰԶ롣
мЦС֮һϹŴ񣬵СҲֻݺеһЩϹŴ뿪ٰ˾Ų㣬мˣڰУȻۺף̰
õĺõĻڻϹŴսȻŹ
һ
һʵʣһţƵʮֲϣѹƬգһϢĸо
ӣŷһ֣û뵽һͣȻҲˣԼ
ϹŴˣ֮ǰǻɣһ뷨ûˣŷ綯ãΪ֮ǰЩϹŴ񣬲ŷ֡
𶼳ˣˣ¶ġʵǲ֪ǣŷеĻҪֲ


891 ̹
𿴵ӳ֣ʱ̲ס¶һĨϲ
СӣǺþòˡ˹ȥһѽӴţ֮קȻ󹴼˹
ʱеߴ̱˹ӣ˶һĸо
꣬ˣСòá
ҲЩץһƽɳȥȻһԼ¹ڣˬ˵Ҫӵ󡣡
ʵڳ˶ӣѾûˡ
뵽ǿֲʵʱЩʵı죬˭Ҳҵһǿߡ
ŷ磬𡣡ŷ񣬰ݼԷǻĵһλǰͣĴʥ֮ˣ𾴣ûΪղŶԷľٶһ˿ӡ
ãΪսǰĺˣȻǳˡӿ佱ò㣬һɳϢľҪѳȥһ
ӣڳЩϹŴ΢΢Ŀ¶Ȼɫ
֪ӵĴڣȴоԷһʲô磬ʵ̫ˡ
лǰ佱ŷһɫû˿˼ǰ͵ǰäĿĽֻ˸оǳ
ӵͷȻĿɨЩϹŴ˵쿪ʼŷ粻߾Žף˭Ҳ鷳ϹŴҶɱ㡣
ĻˣҪɱϹŴ񣬵ڳǿȴ֪ʵھǰлϹŴ񣬵ǹŷһҲ˿
ѹˣϹŴ񲻷վ˳
һ̫ͼֱ֣ӽɣǸϹŴըһɫƽ˵ѹˣ㲻
ã벻УǸϹŴʲô˵뿪
ӵһ˶ˣʲôЦǰһܣǿߣ˭Ҳء
һ˷ǳġӿڣЦǺǵģһˣ޺
˭˶˵Ȼӵʵ̫ǿˣȻһҲδɱһԯǿ۷սڳĴ˭˭Ӯ治˵
ʵҲû˵ǳֻ֣˵ڹŷߵ֮ǰϹŴԳ֣û˵ǵĵӲ֣ܳҾǹŷﵽ˸ߣѵûĴ𣿡ӵʡ
һ룬ҲȷʵԼûбҪΪʱĹϵǿƵļǿˡ
ʶһ㣬౦һ˵ȻͬĻ˵ֱ֮תߣѾûˡ
˶뿪һϹŴ۷սڰвҪҵᣬŷ°ߡúǱ㱻ԯ췢֣һ֣һ㽫߻ɱ
˶뿪âˣ͡Ҳֱǰ
Ŵ֮ϣĸϹŴΪŷǣ߹㣬ȻӶЩݡ
лſŷ翪ڣǵл
âҡͷЦ˵ҶѣÿŷСѣмҪ㡣
ŷһ㶣Ȼ˵ͷ
֮һ̹Ÿڿ羳ڡâо˸
̹Ÿŷ羪ȣԯݺǶһۣЩ⣬̹ŸֻǴ˵ѵĴ
кβףâʵ
ŷʵش̹ŵĴ˵˵˳ûâǾȣ¶һĨϲɫ
档
ǰû뵽澹Ȼһ˿
̹Ŷ档
ǻŵ°
ĸŵϹŴЩ̸ۣŷǶȴˡ
λǰˣŷɻЩףĴ˵е̹ţͻʲôϵ
âŷӦŷ⣬âЦ˵֪ǻʹõ̹ŸΪ˼ʱһѶģ֮ǰڻɣδνĿٵصĴ˵Ǹˡ
Уδ֤̹ŴڵĶĴڵĻҲһۼŷȻ񶨡
˵󲻴˵ССжǿߣٵطŷ綼ûк̹йصĵط
ϽУҪһ磬ϽƽУʧˣ˵ǿϽʧܣ㿪һɽ磬֪еɽĴ˵âʵ
ɽ硣ŷ羪ȡ
ͻȻ۾һɣȻ˵ȥɽ硣


892 Ͻһħ
ৣ
ĿⶼӵϣȻȥɽ磬Щȣδɽ֣ȻҲûȥ
ɽ磬һǳĵطǿʱһֻһߣսʱ򣬾ͱˣֵһӡӿЦ˵
һӣ鶼ˡ
ʲôӵĺӣ˶˰֮ģ쳣档
һۣһ£ſ˵ǻĴ֮һʯ
ۣ
ŷ硢ԯ졢ԯݺᡢȫˣʯȻİ˵еսսصһֻӣѵһ
ֻ̫ˣһֱӴɨˣֻüһۡɫ΢΢ЩΡ
ϾΪǰһдܵ飬Ҳʵǹ˵ġ
ûбϢ𣿡ʵǳȤ
νĵɽ磬ȻĴڣһǿߣҪ֪츳Ĵڣͬ޵У˼ֻӱضûгΪϹŴ񣬲ȻͲôˡɨɣ˵ҲȷʵһִͬʱҲ˵ֻӵ
ûˣмҪ͵͵ȥջǱסˣֻӾһ̬˵Ĵ̲ͣסһֿڣȻ걻еǸ۸Ĳᡣ
ҲĿɿڴֻ˽ѵı̬֮ӲΪϸĪ⣬һǼǿģδܹͬӵĶ֡
ҵȤˡŷЦ˵ҪʶһǸӡǴ˵еһǾ˼ˡ
Ȥ뱻ŰҸܵǸǿϹŴ񶼲ֹһǸһڶ벻ڵľ硣ӵ˹ŷһۡ
զ࣬ǻ濪ٵ磬Ҳ̫ţˣٵжԳǿˣϹŴв٣磬Կǿˡ
˾֮⣬ûǿһ硣
ʶһ㣬ͻȻһ㶣νĵɽ磬ھݵУ˵ףҲǾ֮ˡ
ʶһ㣬âɫ죬˵ǵɽ˱̬˵ݵ˱̬ˡ
ɽ粻򵥣濪ٵģˣǱ˿ٻֵ߲ģͨʲôâ˵
˵ͷʱ˵ħá
˶һħ洫˵еϽһħذħޱȾԶĴڣΪνɲ⡣ܹ̽ǳ
ȴ˴ذħɱһһֲֿս˾㤡
һǿƵĴţ˭ܲâǶëȻڻâңҺԼͣذħ⣬ǻл֮
һʵЩϹŴȻذħҲ䲻á
롣һâ˵΢΢Щɴ˿ɼĽţŷкȻ̸ܶذħԵú赭дԹŷҲذħʹҲһϹŴ
ڿâı֣ʶԼСذħһħϹŴ񶼽ţ̫ڿֲˡ
Ǹӳţ仰
ʱƣһɿֲϢͻȻ٣ڳͷһһӰĳ֣ڳ˶Ƕޱħ磬öѪɫڳٶϹŴĴڣ־һɫ䣬ŶԷŶԷѹ
ħͻȻĿڣĻһȫʧڳһɡ
ԯɫ¶һĨ𺳣ذħʵ̫ˣǶоѹ
ǵ𣿡ذħĵʵ
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۾Ц˵
ռذħıء
ذħûǽĿתŷ磬ùŷһһﾹȻԼġ
ǰʲô𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
ɫ䣬Ѿˣһǿ߶ϾԲһ顣
߲ܶ죬֮ʱұնǡذħ˵Ļǿɱ˺Ѿ죬ǻǵ󷨶סȫ
Ͻһħܣ˾ȻӣʱЩĬϽһħһսɡ
Ϊʲôŷѯʡ
֮£Ѿ֪ǶҵͨȻҪɱǡذħɣЩǿţš
ҵ飬ҾҪɱǣ˵ĺǲ֪ܶݣҶȻǹŷ֪ܶݵģΪĴڣǿߣǿ


893 ƽ֮ս
ǾãǰδǲܶĶ֡ŷ۾ذħȻ˿η塣
Ļһ˵ӶЩˣһߣȴĶذħĶذħҶֵĻһʱ䵲ڹŷǰ
֮ذħûж֣Ϊм֣ŷУֻһ϶ѣûֵʸ
˵ϣʲôȻҪɱңһսǡһ𣬾Ȼǲܶġ
֪ʲôʱڴгһӰòȻͨһֲϢȴ˿ذħ
ǧǹȥڳ֡ذħħ˸ŲܶӰͻȻڡ
Ȼͣʱ䲻̫ǰѾ㹻ˡܶţ£һָӲš
˶һ̤ϣǽдսҵײ񷶼ٵˡ
ʼգΨҶħذħ𣬻֮Ψһ֣ܶ޴ֺһУ޾ħ籬ȻһִܶС
ǵ۷ܹյ
ּǿߣѾͨĸʹӶ̾Ϣûдﵽ硣٣Ϊʱ̫ˣǧܹ꣬ȡڵĳɾͣѾ˸ˣذħ֪˶µľͷȣǴŰ
ܶĶܼ򵥣ֱһȭǿذħͨײһǺˣϽնһƬ硣
սֲޱȣȻϹŴ񶼾֡
ˡ
ܶХһָ飬һжޣֱӶذħüġ
ͬʱذħ֣һ㽫ܶķѡ
Ϊﵽ̶ֳȣǱɱֻʣһѪҲܹ̶ֳȵ˺ʲô
ͬʱˣٴγȥ
ܶʬ֮ɱذħذħҲһħ񣬸վھ죬ԼʱĮޱȵӶڲŲܶϡ
䡣
ǲײܶʧǱɱˡذħǻԡѪһɲǼԶȥ
Ͻ𶯣֮ʱ䲻ȴ˶ĲһǸ޷ǿ˼㣬ϹŴδܿסһ
ڹŷǼˣʱѹ˶һۣԿԷеľʱ֪ʲôǿľ磬ܹ󼰵ġ
ذħΪħ棬ʵδĶ֡â̾Ϣ
ҲĶ֣ŲסʮЩʵǿһ㣬ȻذħĶ֡ӿڣ϶˻âĻ
Ļһ֣ΪذħȻ֮УǶϹŴȴһ־޴Ĵ
ǱΪԼվϣ޵УȻҲ׻Լڿˣǿδ֣Ǹǿߡ
ҲɥͬذħһĳǿмʵǻǿġӿڣοǼˡ
ҵνһ죬ҪﵽǸ磬νϽһħʮ㡣
㲻Ҫôĺòã˵ѹܴġ
ˣʹɢȥɣҸظңҸ衣Ц˵Ȼһʧ
Ҳ뿪ˣڡǸһֻйŷ硢ԯ죬ɺţ˻ڡ
źԯݺᣬҲҪصʥԺб˵˱֮󣬻ҹŷǵġ
㣬㲻ỹҪ뿪ҰɡŷЩǡ
ԯҡͷЦ˵ôܣȥ
ŷһֻҪԯ첻뿪ˡ칬֮к֮Уŷ綼Ūˣԯٴһ뿪ʱԯ죬Ͳôˡ
ԯʵҪȥĵطŷδܹǰ
ԯ첻֮󣬹ŷһ
ͬУЩᣬԶȥķɫ΢΢Ȼ
Ȼ֮мĸ飬վûеõϿɣڻһֱһ
ҪóϿɣҲһǳѵ飬ʥŮҪִҪ޵Ļеǰ벻ͬ⡣
ǲ޵ĻҲ׸ã峤Ҳһ
˭ҲΪ˶ԷݣǲԸ⣬̫Ǹ˵顣
ŷǿɵ뷨۹΢΢˸Ц˵ɣʲô
ɫһ죬ϽҡͷȻܳԼӡ
İɣ֮Ļ£ϣûܹǵġŷ飬Цɫߺ죬վٵˡ


894 
ݣǺ±½ʮϵҪңԶòײݣʱѾ˺ü졣
ŷզ࣬Ͻж󣬴½ռϽٷ֮һĵطδٵġ
ȻϹŴ޷еһдڣҲ˭Ҳҿ϶Ͼܳʱѳһ߸ϣӲãأĤݡ
ǣһǳطԲǧզ࣬಻ϵ칬ƯϣɢʥϢ
߽֮˵ж˾η
ʥŮȻ˶ʶĤݣںʥŮùŷ翴Ŀɿڴ
̹ȻǳУδ𣬳ȴԯ۷սϹŴǵһˣǳص
̤նУ
칬֮󣬹ŷܹܵĺӴ󣬳ǰκ칬
칬嫣ŵ˾ȻǵͽߣȻʶԯɵģǶڹŷİˣȴһ㶼ʶ
ԯϣյͽܣһŵ˴к
ŷɫһڣȥõͽܡ
ɺǳ˵˵ԯϵɷ򡣡
˵Ӷһɳˣԯһ۷սɷȻ񾳽磬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǲκʧ񣬱ϾѾ˹ŷݡ
񣬹˵ǰ
ߺһĽ׵ΪǰҲЩƣȻܲԯӡ
ԯλͽܣȻϣǿԼ̫֣ĵλޱȡ
ҲԯƽʱûмӣǲŸҴк
ˣǽȥɡԯûмƽϣŷȻеƣҲ֪ԹñˣȫΪԼΪ̫ˡ
һĽףһ۷ս˭Ҳ󵽣ǾȻǷޡϾ˴֮ʵ̫ˡ
е۷սҲˣǹŷ紦Ƶһ
үү㲻Ҫ⣬Ϊټ֡ŷ˵¹ŷв
ԯһЦ޷ҪһܲסͲйŷˡ
ŷҲЦ˵İɣҲģΪȥ飬˭ȢһԼ͵ţǱ¡
Ǻܿ뿪ˣҹŷҲһٵˣŷվһ죬ᳬԽԯ졣
˵ı֣̾ǵľʵǱǿ̫ˡ
ǳ󣬶ҵҲ࣬ʮˣŷǵʱЩ˶¶ɫ
죬ˡһϲһӢ˹ԯг飬ùŷЩˬ
ԯ쵭ɨһˣû˵ֻվڹŷߣֱӽˡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ŷʱɫͻȻ÷ǳ
λ̨ǳĿڣ͸һָ߰
ŷûͬԯһ׽һӡ
¶ǵɫЩӲϽվ˳ܵλλĵشϡ
ŷûжпЦٴӲͷƤܣλǹŷ磬ԯϵɷ򡣡
شǳŷԯɷ֮󣬶ʱɫ䣬ŭܣɣҪ˵˵
ǳɵɫ̫ÿȻΪĵӣڱϱߣվʥŮδĵشδΪ۷սϹŴ֮ǰλǾԱȲģǳ⣬ȻûнɷС
شϣעɳ
شɫһ䣬ԼĵӣλޱȣƽʱɷС
ֻǱϾʥŮƽʱǱһصģɷʱŭˡ
㲻һҲ˵ɣҸһӣ㵱ʥŮӣʲô㡣
ɫ䣬û뵽ԷȻҪ
شҪΪĵӣܹкаԵҪˣҲδĵһжҪҵģ˵䲻Ļλ棬ҲҵҪΥ𣿡óԼݣĻ˵Ĺ
ҸղشĻʵеˡʥŮеĵλڵδĵĵһˣشȻֱȽϸߣǵλȴɡ
Ǻɷִͬı档
شɫͨ죬û뵽ɾȻΪһˣԼӲɵĻȴʲô˵ѵҪŹ棿ǾĴ󲻾ˡ


895 ش
ˣسϣȥˡɱ˵ǳش˺ˣȻûбҪͶԷ
ʥŮδûбҪһӣȻǸʼĵӡ
شֱҧٹĵӣĿͶԼϣɫ࣬Դ֮Ϊĵӣδܹѿ
뿪شоԼˡ
ҪսشͻȻڣָŹŷ硣
սһˣشʵ̫ЦˣǴȥᶪˡ
ɷսԯɫȻվ˳
ڳ˶Ȼ֪ŷݣȻԯɷԯ죬һ۷սͬʱҲĵӣһҶǳ
ɷ򣬾ȻֻĽףò˸о˼顣ͬʱҲشΪʲôҪ鷳Ͼشϲԯ죬УѾһˡ
˶˵ˣǰһĻɫ΢΢һ˿Ȥ
شЦ˵ŷһ˵ĻͲҪŮ˵Ϊһˣƽһս
ŷӣЩ˵һߣսһĽףȻ˵ƽҰΪѹĽףŲһָͷ㡣
شҭùǺ޻˵ҪΪѹĽ׵Ļش϶Ըġ
ڹŷϣܵһɿֲϢ֪ˣЩ콾ȻΪ񾳽磬սԿߣҲ콾֪˵Ŀ£Ȼա
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Ҫø߾ѹƶ֣һȴֻδᣬ˵ŷ粻ҡô޳ܵˣܶĵӣ̲סһۣʵ̫޳ˡ
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ԯ쿴شһۣͻȻ¶һĨЦݣɣЩ˲ŻʵԯԸ񣬿ɲƮȻɣֻΪŷţ˵رǵˣԯµ˲
ƨܹսʤңԲáشŭ
ŷƳһۣɫٵԲþͲˣ¸ҿļͷˡ˻һشͨ죬ŭһŷ˹ȥ
䡣
˴ײǿϯ˷ȴδ˺ĵ칬ֺϹŴػȻϹŴǿ֣߳δܹ칬
һ֮£ƽɫش¶ȻɫҪ֪һͽߣ콾սƿֲһĸߣδܹסĹָֻеٮٮߣܹһս
ǴʱһĽ׵ĴڣȻһ£ġ
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شŭ˵սɱһնŷ˹ȥնѳһѷ죬ͨһ硣
ɴ˿ɼشĿ£𾪡
ŷһȭɫѪããһУشˣһһɱش顣
ŷ绯һֻƣʮԷԪƿС
شˣҰ֮ܵ죬ڳ˶û뵽ġشǿ콾֮һǴʱǰĽ׵ǰȻûнʮУ㱻סˡ
ֱ˾㤣ܵһֿµǱ
ҲšشԪ˻֮䣬ǧ磬ȴ޷ŷģѹˡ
˰ɣŷʩչ˸شԪĲҽвѣڶӶһֺҵĸо¶ͬɫ
شҪ˵ˣһڣױûĿУеĻ˶棬شǲţǸûп˵Ļᡣ
ȻЩ϶ǹŷģڶԷԯʱ򣬹ŷѾݺݵĽѵһһڶǹŷĽѵ
ֱԯ쿪ڣùŷŵشŷ˳ֽشӳȥ
䡣
һɿֲϢشŭˣֱӶýɱһĸ֣شս
һɱݣ硣
ŷɫ΢΢ЩأǿֲһиֻأֱӺ˹ȥֲͬʱɳȥŷشԪһˡ
ŷĽɫֹסơ˻ȥٴνشԪƿУֱѹ
һսʹŷж𾪡


896 
Ȼŷ粻ϹŴ񣬵ĽױشѾ֤ǱһкܴĿҪϹŴС
һˣԯ죬û
ߡ˵Ҳشˣǲܹܣǲܣһ콫Ƕˡ
ŷ籾ˣ֣Ϊħǰᱻģοһɡ
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ΪĵڵĵطŷΪԯɷӦȼ
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ڹŷԯ죬ֻ΢΢ͷǵݲһձ˵ӦǵĳȻд
ʥŮ񡣡ڣȻĿ˹ŷһۣϵĽɢȥȻһģӣǳ䣬һĵϡ
ǹŷʦ塣ڣƺŷΪʦ壬ùŷЩȡ
ԯͣձ֣ʦֶŷɷ򣬺ŷһʦġ
ҲʶҡŷЦ˵
֪Լ仰һϻϽвʶˣûм
ȻĽɹżҴ˹ŷ磬޵Уֱ׷ɱӵϽ磬㶼֪ĵҲǰˡЦǷǳƽ׽ˡ
һߵӶɳˣУһֱϵģͰʱ򣬻ûй
ŷӣԼһҲǼ飬û뵽ԷȻȫ֪
һˣʦȻ֪ɲԽشʦ彻ңȿȣشʦҲΪһʱͿŷʦ¡ͻȻɫЩε˵
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Լκˣͷ棬洦ȥ
֪ĳУͷҲҵԯ죬Ȼԯǵͽܣϼһȴԯ쵱һ
ԯϣ˳ΪǱ
ϼһܵı˾ֳĬشıѾעˡ¾شԼû뵽ԼȻԼʦˡ
һҪһʦţҪΪҵһһ顣ŷ翴һۣЦ˵
ɫ΢΢ЩȣŷϽоȻ⵹Щˡͷʾŷ˵ȥ
ֶӣͶϣ˽ɷޡ˻һɫ䣬ʶ˵С
ŷɫһһ¹ŷ磬ǲԯ죬ǵ˹ŷ磬ԯȻ֣ԯԸ񣬿ɲǲǵҪشһھڤʮ꣬ڶ
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ԯҲϷԼͷЦҪŷ綯֣ʦþ͸ѹԼ
ʦʲôð취ʵ
ǽϣһһһδⲢͻǵǻὫһЩйһɷģǷޣӵеĶ˹еģйԼʲôϵŷ絭˵
ҿԱ֤һЩñ֪Ϣ֮⣬û˻֪ŷŵ˵
ɫĿⶢɵϣ˵ɣʲô˼
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897 ͻ
ӡЦɶ˱̬ˣ˵ʲôýǱˣ϶Ҳ룬ֱӾܾƫƫǹŷ硣
ԯվһ߲˵ɢѹԽԽأЦѣƺԣͬ⣬ԯԻᶯ֣ȳһ˵
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ŷ۾գҲգĶԼ֪飬һұ밴չŷ뷨
ãͬ⡣
ֱӴӦʹ죬һ㶼ˮ
ӢŷЦ˵
ɣĲһ㻶ˣû뵽ŷ׾Ȼܹɹ
˵Ӧ׼ˣôҲû뵽Ȼ˺˵ŷ仰˵ͨˡ
֪ԯͷƣϣͬ⣿Ǹܳɹ顣
ԯ̫ˣ˲֪ȴλ棬ǽԯ쵱ġһδԯΪɳ˸ңǾ͵òʧˡ
Ӧʹ죬ʵҲһֱȻϾһ򣬻ʲôйȻǿĵ֣Ҳѻٵһ
ϲȴ̲סЦǽϢȥʱȻ󲨡
ڹŷ磬ԯͬ£ǰʦڵء
ߣ׷ͯգǳǿ󣬾ϹŴиƣһ裬ɻ˳дͣһ
ʦ𡣡ԯ
ŷҲһ񣬵ŷλǰ
ϹŴͷǷֱ˽ܣмϹŴߵϹŴұߵϹŴ
ǲֵܣȴͬһʦ̳ġ
һ֮£ϹŴùŷ羪̾ǵʦҲһˡ
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ŷʷǷĳɾͣ²죬֮һԣԺϽķ̾һۿŷǱ޴ľʵĻģŷǱԽԯ졣
ǹŷԯѾǷ޵Ĺϵˣ뽫ŷΪԼĵӣͽܣδʮ꣬Ͻ磬Ȼס
лʦ佱Ҳŷ硣ԯ˵ֻҪ佱ŷĻһΪŷ翼ǡ
ңԯ첢Լ˵ĲʣһֱãŷǱԼ֮ϣֻٶȣ΢һ㣬պҪԽԼδزܡ
ϾٸߵΪҲһ޵ģŷ׷ֻʱ⡣
ҲҪԷƱܳĺ󱲣ЩҲǵһμȻ۷壬Ϊǿߡڣԯг˴ȰڿԼŮһޱȡ
ǺģԲ콾ŻʢġЦ˵ԸֱˬֱֱȥԼ뷨ùŷǺкøС
˵ŷϹŴĸоܲδܵѣԷǳƽ׽ˡ
ʦǺˣҲΪһ㣬ŽġԯǺЦ
ŷͷӵԯ죬סһСԺ棬Ȼһѽ򷿼ȥԯ٣ŷʶǴδļ֮ףҪˡ
ʹԯĵʱҲЩ̲ס٣ɫ糺졣
֮󣬹ŷڴϣԯһõ˾޴ĺô˵Ϊڲһ޴ɱ䡣
ǿϢӿûԲķΧܶĵӺȻ֪ʲô顣
űֵķԲķΧоǸܵһѣ̺һɴϣһֶĤݵĳ嶯
һоޱȣ죬һЩΪϵ͵ĵӣ̲סĤݣߵףһϵͽ

ڴʱһЩˡ
ЩĤݵĵӣһɫȻǷԼһͱȻˣΪ˱˵ͽ˵Ǽ䲻˼ģҪ֪ǱôĤݱˣʧȥȡ֮ġ
ԯ֣ǣǲŲڳױȻЩһмѣȻ˿
ֻһЩ־ȽϼᶨĵӣĥԼ־³١


898 
Щˣԯ첻ǣǶǱȽǿĵӣозǳǿĵֿ
оԽԽЩӣҲһ㱻Ȼԯ֣ѣȻ͵Զ
ĵӰ֣ǣð⣬ŽеһУܹһС
ԯһۣЦһЦ
ҲһǺεȻ֪ŷɱԭ
һ¶£оӺˣ֣裬ħӰݣĤһϴڡ
ʱһǳڽۣըһֻأܶʼ
ŷУѪⶼڷһֱ仯ƽɫѪʱȫһϵϢͬһ߸գ¡
˻ϢǻѪľ
Ѫû뵽ŷ羹ȻӵлѪСˡ̲סݣ֪ŷиǱ
ŻѪܹΪпܳѣΪ˵еĻߣ޵š
û뵽ȻŻѪߣسɴҲǶݣɫ̾
Ժ·¸ˣ޵УҲеУδɳ֮ǰ»Ҫɱɫء
һҪϹŴľ
ԯɫƽԼʦĻͻȻڣŷ·Լߣžκδۣܻܹŷ磬޵УһֱҪ߳ԼĻ·
һʲôأԯĻеȴЩġϾһδĻߣʵ̫Ҫˡ
ԯֻһ仰ˣһŹŷ磬ԿԯģŹŷ罫·κ⡣
Ƕ˵ΪԯԼľʹǣҲܷţԯ˽ŷģľȻǹŷľ
һ޵Уǳɳ֮УеĻ䣬ֻҲ޵У뾭޾ɱܵ۷壬ţײã档
Ծǵǣǲò֣ɹŷԼɳ
һ֣Ȼȫû˹ŷУһ죬˷·һ˲һɱ䣬ǿϢء
ôоھҶδǹŷĶءĲЩ𾪡
õԯŷ翪ڵĻѪѪ֮ӴʱǿޱȣѾף֮ǰһΡչŷԤƣս̫ǱһѪ֮ȴ̫ڰԵֱս
ۡ
ŷһȭǰ飬ֱӻһƬ硣˾ѾϹŴӹ̣ǿռ仹һĸ߶ռ䡣ǹŷȴʵ𾪡
ӿ϶ԼǺ͹ŷϣƽ֣֮ҪʤĻܡ
ȻŷҲܵġȵҪǿһߣѾ޽ӽǸˡ
ŷ糤Ķغڰڽ£еĹŷӲˡ
֪ⲻǹŷŪʵʵ֣ҲʾŹŷսʱ޷ƿ
Źŷ߶Щʧʮʱ򣬹ŷѾ쳣ֻһϣ˲ӡ
ʮ֮ڣϢ覣ǶȻһʲôӵ츳ǵĵ꣬Ҳ콾ˣҲԱȲŷô
ŷ罫ԯӵ뻳Уӣ֮һڣȻ˵лл㡣
ǳƺԯΪ㣬֮еĳƺԶı䡣
ԯЦͷڹŷǰһɵӣһĻǵӶɳˣ˽ԯȻᣬȴ쳣ǿƣС˵ӡ
ڳļ˶ЩʹŷˣӵһŮˣһ˵ҡ
ϾԯݣҲʮ־ˣǴ˵жսʥ壬һһ۷ս𣬽Ҫʶǿߡ
ңǻ֪ŷӵеĲֹԯһһ󽫣۷սеľ޽ӽǿߡ
Ȼڵ磬ǻع鱾ΪҲ⡣
и̾ŷһˣǶᾡһ컯ЩعŮǣۼߣƴ컯
ƫƫһˣӵлѪ𣬽޵лߣײã档
ףˡŷһͻȻڡ


899 ս۷ս
ȻҲܵˣѾ֪˭ˣʱЩɫЩÿ
شĸغɽȻˡԯϳ˵ݡ
ѹشʱ򣬾֪غɽһڶԷȻˡ
һ۷ս쳣ǿֱӳڴУ磬ڹŷϣɱ⡣
غɽӢΰֱӳ֣Ҫɱŷ硣ǿɱڹŷϣѡ
ˡ
罣նããɱŷ˳ȥԷһɫأ˫ӡֻظ֣ұʵҲǵһֲĵز
ŷʹ˽Լʵһ˲üҪӲԷ
ֻоֱѹ¡
ϡ
غɽŭָ죬ֻأǿùŷɳȥԼҲ˼ʱɫѪ졣
һ׵ϻˣǴȥغɽ޹⡣
ҶԷѹӵףȻŭһأÿһܹѹһŴǣǿŽδһ۷ս𳹵׵ıҪɱŷ硣
ԯɫһ䣬ֱڹŷǰ棬ȻһĳܹϹŴսһƣ޸ˡ
ͬʱˣƣ⸡֣ѹ졣
غɽһڷ裬ӻݻ˸ԯ죬ɱƾ
˫ӡȥԯû⻪˸ΪһƬ纣ֲŰҪһ
غɽû¶һ˷ܵɫоһϢڸգѪ纣δܵκˣΪĹԵøӿֲˡ
һֲֿı仯ľ
䡣
һֱӨִ˳غɽϣˣѪڡʱ򣬹ŷҲ֣ٴʹýԼʵһŹ⣬˹ȥ
غɽƺһ徹Ȼˡ
˺ȻǲŵĶ԰׵Ĺŷ磬Ȼܹ۷սսʵ̫ˡ

غɽױŭŷ֣ҪɱڹŷһûˣģΪԯѾˣڹŷǰغɽһ֮仯һƬ磬غɽٴκˣѿܵش
ۼ齫Ҫݱ䵽ʰǸϽվ˳żȰס֣º
غɽǵĺѣȻܼԼĺѺͽ֮һһϹŴ֮䣬ΪѣĺܲףǵǴδ֤֮ǰչģ쳣ļ̡
ߣ϶ģҶӣغɽŭһӶǡ
ҲûбҪӣϾԼӳˣԭϼһûп
ֱڣǶûнشȳغɽţԼӵԪѹ˾ڤУҪʮ꣬ŭɶ
ɫΣһԯ죬û˵
ߣһǵѣû뵽ǾȻңҶӱ裬ǶܣԺҪ˵ǵѡغɽȻŭ
ɫ䣬ȻóغɽڿЦҪĸ˾
ʶһ㣬Ͻ˵ϼһ˵ʲôأǼĶӱ裬Ҫ̫Ϳˡ
ǶôѵֻЩشԽԽˣѹǲû˵ʲôֻҪ֣ĥһʣûֲܵ˼
˸Ͻͣʧȥѵꡣ
ԯɫĮŷ粢Сˣڹŷļ棬ǳᣬȫûиղŶǿơ
ߣҲô࣬ҶӽغɽҲû˵ղŵֻϼһһ
͵͵ԯһۣԯûз˵Ĵ㣬ǿЦѣҲûа취ֻ˵ĥ죬ǶǴǸ߹ģҲ֪ǰشԸչȥĺԺòȥôδϹŴУʵԸ֡
غɽЦһڣ˭۸ԼĶӵΪǺ⣬ֻҪС
ϾһϹŴ񣬶ŲٵѣסԼӵİȫǿġ
ŷƲƲ죬۸شҲûпϼһܽԼô
ԯҲͬ뷨ǺЦû˵ȴغɽɫһ죬֪֮ղŵĻ˵еˡ
һغɽԯ죬֪ؼԯأֻҪԯԸ⣬ܷŵԼĶӡ


900 ӡɱ
غɽĿ΢ԯ죬βܽҵĶӷŵʱغɽѾȫƽ֪Ҫǿԯ͹ŷϣǲܵġ
֣ɱ
šԯһԥûС
غɽһٴαߣû뵽ԯһӶԼѾˣȻָղŵĹ۵㡣
ֻҵĻһԵҵˣһ죬û˴һ˺ĻҲġԯ쵭˵
˼ǣغɽüͷ
ȵҵ˳Ϊߣش
ʲôڳ˶һ콾սߣʾܹܿΪߣʮ£δܹӳΪǸĴڡ
ŷȻս죬кսȴһڳ˭Ҳҿ϶ʲôʱܹΪߡ
ʹϹŴ֪лѪҲͬ뷨Ѫǿߣɾ͸ߵģ㻨˰ꡣ
ԯ죬㲻Ҫ̫غɽŭĿԲ
ú˵˵ԯĻһ㶼˵ˡһŷ缸ʮ޷ΪߣѵĶӣڤʮ𣿿µʱǽشȳҲѾˡ
Ҵ۸ˣǰˡԯɨغɽһۣǳ
ٴνӲǼ˸Ͻغɽסֱϵһߡ
Ѿͷ̫ˡغɽŭ
ȻһžȻǶ˴ֶΣʹԯľ磬Ҳûа취֪˵ʲôŹʮӵӣغɽһȻֱ뿪
ʦǴӦʲôûйϵԯֱӿڣסʦ͡
ǿЦһȻ˵ͷ
ȻԯԼЭΪ֪ǲܵ飬ԯЭĻͲԯˡ
ģʦ𲻻ġЦ˵
ԯŵͷŷصڵСԺ棬غɽһսĵףΪʲôŷܹΪԯˡףܹԯս۷սǻǣ۷սһ˿Ϣܲסŷ糬̫ˡ
ˣԯ䣬ǹŷʶǸ磬ΪϹŴеٮٮߣ޵С
еĵӣϿˡԯڹŷĻУŷѾüˣ⼸ʱ䣬罺ᣬ۵Ĳˡ
ŷЦ⣬УΨһں˱ԯ졣
ҪˡԯǺЦ˵Ļùŷһ㶡
ŷ粻ףԯЦ˵ٲߵĻѾͷҪɱˡЩ٩ùŷһԼԴ
Ȼɵˡ뵽ŷ¶һĨЦݣЦ˵֪ˣһ㽫ǼˣѾͷܹôʱ䡣
·Ҳ㣬ҪչԯЦ˵
ŷͷǿ
ڵʵֻҪϹŴ˭ܹɱˣȻϹŴҲĿܣԹŷϽˡ
ЩϹŴ񣬶֪ıԯ͵ǿߣ˭⶯
Ҫ֣ҲСж֣Թŷڵʵһ쵽ԣԶǧﻹܹġ
ˣŷ֮ļ󣬵ô꣬ڵȵһ졣
ȻҲЩвޣɵ׷ߣڼɱһĲժˣＫȲ
ҺޡһУһȺӾףһڽսףĿ罣ʹ޵ŭ
ʦʥŮӦһԵģǸŷʥŮҪޣʦ֣ǶѹһȺӼߣɫƽ
ǸŷԼԯϵˣаԵشѹ涼˵ʲô۷սغɽǱԯϻˣǸǲǸŷ簡еӸ̾
ĪҪ־Լ磬ǸŷȻûд˵еôаܹ֮غɽȫΪԯϵԭҾʵδдʦֽӡ
ʦһǿߣʥŮδĶ֣ŷҲ벻С޳ɡ
ڽս׵ӣǽӡʦܵĻüͷһ¶һĨȻɫ
ǲʥŮޣԱһЩʲôӡ˵
ôһȺɫһݡ
ɱ˹ŷ硣ӡɱ㡣
á
ĬһᣬһȺ޳ɣɱ˸


901 ʧܵķɱ
ڹŷ绳еԯüͷһ壬Ȼ¶һĨЦ
ôˣŷЩȵʵ
ıҪɱ㣬պñҸоˣĨɱǡԯкһû뵽ԼƤӵ£Ȼ˹ƹŷ硣
ŷЩ˵ݣЩȻʧЦһȺĵҪɱԼΪԼϹŴ
ֹԯĶŷ粻ΪԼԭԯֵ̫ڶԷδ֣ԯĨɱԷе˵ȥ
õģҵǳ֡ŷЦ˵
ԯ΢΢ԥһ£Ȼ˵ͷҲ֪Ⱥ˲ŷġ
ŷ뿪λ֪ͣŷǱһߣΪף޵ڹŽ
ԯںŷ磬ֻҪǸŷӣԯŻϿɣŻԯĹС
ŷһ֣뿪̤նУ˲ǧǺӱ˦
˲գŷͣЦ˵ɡ
ΧУһƬžһ˶ûУŷҡҡͷתҪ뿪ڴʱһ𣬽նǳããӽ񷶼ֳˡ
磬Ļܣȫŷ縲ǡ
ۡ
ŷ絯ָһ𣬾ʮ޴Ľ飬ɢСһӰ֣ɫսףսգŷ硣
ͬʱһҲһ׵ǿߣͬܺƵʮ죬ݻһ޴ŷС
С
ŷЦٴεָ飬ͬʱָɴСֱֽǿѹȥ
䡣
Է飬˺ɳȥ嶼һըˡ
ΪȻ׻촷ۣһԱˡ
ɡŷɨΧһ𶶶һȺ˴иֱ֣ӶԹŷ緢ɱ
ãã纣ûһƬãɱŷ硣
ŷȻ⣬಻ɺһȣ飬ãã絹ֵȫɣ˶һѪ¶Ȼɫ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿһزڿνķɱֱһЦ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣ֣Ҳ޷ԹŷʲôΣ
ҳɡŷ绯һֻ֣һطץȥ
Ƭ飬һӰ֣ڽսףòᣬʱһڴ󽣺գŷ䣬죬춯ء
ֺգᵽ˼㣬ֱ齣ӡɣ嶶һѪ˳ܵ˴ˡ
ӡɫȻŷеĸһб㼸شֱֽԽܣмȲ
ɱ
ӡٶɱһгһһĽ죬Žδ
Ϊ֮ΨһǿһֻһеϢ

ŷ̾һѪ֣ʵѪ٣ȻѪ죬ֱӽǵɣӡӽѪǰ˵˼㡣
񽣣Ȼ޷˺ŷ磬޷ùŷʹóʵ˵ִǷǳģȫ顣
ĽǻԼ˵ġһ֣ɫ΢΢Щ̾ϢĴӣЩͬġ
ʦ𡣡
ӡˣû뵽Ȼˡ
ӡ֪ڣɫࡣ
Ӷ¶ݣֱ˹Ȼһء
ʦ𣬵Ӳӡ̬ߣһίĺӣľǿ
ŷµĶŽӡһе˼ȻΪڹŷ翴еɵǹӳ鵽һ棬Ҳѵˡ
ԭ򣿡ڡ
ΪҪʥŮ޸ӣӲӲȵǿӲӡ˫ͨ졣
̾ϢΪࡣ뽫ʥŮޣ˼ʥŮԼϲӣԼҪޡ
֪ԼҪġЦá
ʲôӡסˣ뵽˸ֿܣǾû뵽龹ȻԼҪġ
˵Ļﲻֱ̫Цˣ˼ԼϲӣҪ޸ӣԼ飬ƾʲô
ӡҡͷЩŵ˵ԣǹŷԯвʦʦɼ޸ӣԸġ
ŷ翴˽ӡһֱۣ˵֣׳ա
£ܹвˣ˵ûУǾԲŷ磬ԼԸ⣬ǹŷ罫Ĳ棬Ҳͬ⡣


902 ӡ
ҲǿЦãû뵽ԼĵӾȻ뷨֮˭ܹвԼ
׼ԯŷʦ壬ֻԼҪ󣬸ûвҡͣýӡɵۡ
ףһжԼһԸˣΪǹŷвӦɼ޸ӣһжĺ˼롣
һжԼԸģ͹ŷûйϵ
ô˵ϲˣӣӡʶһ㣬̾ϢһڵͷʦӴˡ
Ǵˣϲһ˲ǴǲǷǣȴͬų֣ǴҿСӸҵһʱ䣬Ұ̵һЩʱաŷվ˳˵
һ㶣Ժ¶һĨϲɫǾʦˡ
ҲͷӣлͷۣβܹΪӡŷĻʱ׹ŷҲ׷ˣȻˡ
ͬʱҲ׹ŷ˼ڹŷߣȻҪŹŷǰһ壬ʱڽӡԣһֺܺõĥ
ʶһ㣬һԥûУֱӵͷˡ
ʲôӡסˣԼղŻɱŷأȴԼΪĸ࣬ʲôء
ӣȻͬ⡣ӡҲһֻΪ⣬ЩͿѣ֪ŷҲھԼ
Ͼƾɱŷһ㣬ǹŷ粻׷صУǸȰɷԯϣҲŪ
һ㣬ӡԲɣԯΪ˹ŷѹشѹȻҲϡ档
ӡסŹŷʦһʱ䣬һҪӹŷʦķԸ׼ԼԴˣ˹ŷ硣
ǡ
ӡĻش
һ˼ûˣʵʵվڹŷ֣һСࡣŷһЦŽӡֱ뿪
ɩ˵ʲôʱУţЩƵѯԯ졣
ôˣˣԯЦʵ
Сһʧڹŷ֮󣬲ųŷ綼֪ţȥԯ߹ŷţŷסˡ
Ǹϱ̬ץߣһֱֱŽҷųǴѾˣơţƵ˵
ϱ̬Ȼָ棬ѵУиǿĴڣ֪ˣ϶һġ

ԯţǵԴһ£ţһͷתһƨڶϣ˫ðǣŷӦ
׼ʦ񡣡ԯ˵
ĳԴǸʦ棬ĺ𾴣ʹԴʦԯ춼̬ȡ
ɩҴ򱿵ġţǿɥ˵
ãٶʦ治飬һʵֵġԯǺЦЩζĿţһۡ
ţǱܵЩ飬Ȼʵʲô飿
Ź˶ãҪˣһЩ˿ԿЩһҪԶԶġԯЦ˵
ţɫֱӿһƵԯ죬ԯˣžԻʱҪӽţֱ˵ܡ
ŶԹŷأֱ˰˳ĵزΪŵʦԯŲţǣԲᷴԡ
ɩҴˣԺҲ˵˼ҵĻˣҼΰ˼ңеżеˣҡţ߰˵š
û˵꣬ͱԯԴһ£ֱһۣ˹ȥֽţǵӳԺӣԯ쵭˵̫ˡ
ĵӿһĻ̲סЦԯǲͷʱ򣬽ӳȥѾһˡڼŷЩ죬ȽϺãûˣڹŷ뿪һ죬˱ˡ
ŷȻ֪ţǵı뽣ӡ뿪ڵĵʵ̫Զˣݣһڶ죬ľ룬һ飬ƶҪϰꡣ
ŷ뽣ӡΪͨ죬ȻϹŴ񣬵ٶҲСϰʱ䣬һ»Ҫõġ
̤նУһǳС
ǣΪһĳǳأһһ쳣ǿȻͬϹŴ졣
ǽ٣سǵıʿʱϳӡķΣ֪ˡ
ǾԵİһȻǿǾԲҵ


903 򵥴ֱ
ųУַǷؽֽ˸ǽһЩĵرѵõ
ܶΪȱȽǣ߸ǲŷ绹һп롣
ЩϽУǿʵ̫ˣЩУһ֮Ĵڡ
ϽУеȴúǣû̫ߵĵλ
ҲϽ콾̫ǿйϵΪߣδϹŴ֮ǿˣ콾ΪǿߣҲǸߣһУܺɨͨĸߣϹŴ֮޵С
ǰУҵһ¥Ҫڴ˴ЪϢһʱ䡣
ǰһҪʱ䲻̣ǲһֱ·żͣʶһϽķò
λ롣
Сǳ飬һŷ뽣ӡƣ֪Ǵֱ¥֮⡣
ʰϣһһ¥Ǹճ¥ݿڣܵһӴĽ⣬Լϡ
ӡüͷһ壬һǵ飬ǽŲͣ¥
ѾǶֻ࣬߰˸һⲻȻһ
ӡŷɨһۣҵһλ
ˣֲܵסһ⣬Ըһսһƽս꣬ڷɢϬ罣ڽӡŷϣսӿ
ӡ˶Էһۣû˵ŷûһƽޱȡ
Ǹ⣬ָᵯһƽɳӡ˳ȥ
ӡ΢ŭҪһεĻ𣬵סƽ䷴˻ȥһǸꡣ
˶΢΢ЩȣĿⶢڹŷϣһ˿衣
ߡ
Ǹŭ𣬻ƽսڷ⣬ͬһС̫һҫۣʮء
ӡ˹ŷһۣ˼ԣս
ȥ
ŷ絭˵ȴһϡ
ӡͷͬվڽս˸űĹâһֻĳڻ磬ޱȣҪȥ
ӡǿƣҪԾԵƣܶԷ
ǹŷĶ֣㲢ʾǿ֮ͬУûмǽӡĶ֣ԳƵ콾
ֻ͵ʥŮδν콾УȻ롣
Ǹɫ΢䣬иһѳֱ䣬ããһǺӴ䣬նƾ졣
ײһƺߣеĳһֶ¶ȻɫŽӡһײ֮£֪ԼǽӡĶ֣ĺԶ
˭ʵг˲ʣشʱѾɨ
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904 Ų
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ŷܴһɫǸߣ峤Ϊ˫ʱ˸֪ߵغС
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ӡХһ˻ʮڽս׷⣬ɢӴϢ
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ӡȣʮ콣ֱ֣ɱ˹ȥһγɽ֮ɱԷ
˫ɫһֲֿĽ쳣ϬȻӡ
ʲôʱ˺һ֣˫Ц˳ȥ˫ֺգڹ˸ʮͷСγһɫɱȥ
âһֲĴײȫɳȥԶԣӡǰˣǹŷ磬޷֮Ȼܿ⣬վǶԷĶ֡
ʱ򣬽ʷ˳ȥ
Įһնѹɽӣһ֮ͣ콣մ˫ɫ
ղ뽣ӡײһһֳɱʹ˫ҲΣĵز
һӰͬһߣɨڤס콣ҲȾѪһ㱻һǧٿס
Ųܡ
˫ɫ࣬ϳ˳˵ݡ
ŲܿڣĮشԷһλߣѾ֪㣬ʱ˻ȥ
ղ˭˫Ŀתӡ
ӽӡӡڣȻˣǲ٣ս߰
˫ɫһӱˣӣͷ̫ˡ
뵽ղŽӡŷΪʦ棬Դð亹˫ֻ֪ϹŴĵӣűȽӡ
ֲùŷǿƣϹŴĵӣӵʸ
û˵λǰʲôʱչͽ˫ɣͽܣֻشԯ죬شǶʶŷȻǡ
Ҳû˵Լ˵ͽܡŷ翪ڡ
ͻȻһŭȵҹ
ŷϵϢһ˲һճ֣ü罣նﱻնƣһӰ˳ŷ罣סɫ΢΢Щ
һݵߣ磬ڹŷϣһӴѹ
һ֣ڰĽ£һϢԶһɽѹ顣
۷ս𣬶۷սмǿ֡
ŷ˿⣬˿϶棬һϢ
ǹŷ磿濪ڣϤŷݡ
˶һȣŷ֣Ȼ֪ŷվܣһǲ
ŷɫƽ棬δ˿ɵ
ڵʵƴһδزϹŴ񾳽ǿȻټɵǡ
ԯǵľ棬ȻҲЩǿ߼ɵδظ֡
ҸǼһˡЦ˵о䣬һĨɱ
һõĻᣬɱһ壬һС
ǳˣǿͻ磬߻ħڸơ˻һ𶯣һ嶼¶ŵɫǿ޵еȻĳˡ
ɫһ䣬֪ŷΪʲôҪ˵Ļ¸ˡ
һУҪһٵ𣿡Цʹ쵽˼㡣
ŷƲƲ죬Ҫٵ壬ԣò˶ãҲᱻٵҲŲ
ŷĻһԱɫǶŷ˼ֹǻ塣
ʲô˼о
ҽҪһ£һ֮뿪壬ǰô򣬾ô򣬺ûйϵھҪ壬ҷˡŷ绰вɱ⡣
쳣ǿƵвϹŴ񣬵ǾͬΪվ̫ǿˡ


910 
ɫ粻֪ŷ˼Ҫһ֮ڣκ߻ħ֢״
ǲܵģһϹŴ߻ħûǧĵֵͬİͲָܻ
ʹŷһҽͨļһҲţŷʵܹһµʱڣκá
һ㣬ͷãҾһ֮

һмŹŷ磬ǹŷ棬壬Ȼᱻ̤ƽ
òˣһ뿪ŷеϢҲˣ۷ս𶼼ɵŷʱ̲סզ࣬¶𾪵ɫ
ԹŷмǿƵĴڣڿ벻٣ܹһ۷ս˱ܣŷ̫ˡ
һ̣ŷϽ紫ˣΪ˲෹̸ʡ
ȻҲкܶ˲Ҫŷһϸ£Щվֱָŷ֮мǿߴڣʲô㲻ϡ
˵仰ˣڶ㱻նͷ­彣ֱ֣󻰵ĸߣúܶ
ŷֵܣ˭˵һսսʤǣʸս𽣿ڣ𶯲񷣬𾪡
ս彣˲ȫնֻǶδŹһغϡ
»Ȼ˭Ҳ˵ŷ粻У׿彣ܴܣˡ
ʱ䣬գ껨ҵһЩֶΣָܹ˲ʵʱҲͲõǵˡߺ󣬹ŷңʱҾϲѡ
ʵֻҪָ˳ɣе֡һ̤ǿߣ˲ʵѾ㹻ˡ
ϧѪԪûҵȻָʮʮʵδȫе㶪ˡŷЩƵ˵
ҺգǱܹŷһ㣬ԾˣȻ⣬öˣеĲж˺ա
Ҳ˵ŷҽ߳
һʮգŷÿζȫ֣죬ɻ裬ջûС
ϢԽԽ£Ȼŷ磬ֳܲסĸоҪ˺ˣѹȵʵ̫ˡ
ֲһ£˳ĸ˹Ҫɱ˭һ֣¶ʳѰΪɲ⣬ߵϹŴľߣҪһˡ
ʮգŷɫٴγ֣һӴľûУеԪ֮
죬ȫһŻ⣬˸ǴϢ쳣¡ȻǸߣҲܽӽ

ǣһɽʧɫǳ޹⣬һ鷽֮أǶᾡ컯ǳ֮ؾȫ
𡣡
һ𣬾ȣɹ䣬ŷһŹкɳȥ˰ߡ
ԡѪܵ˿µش嶼һѵˡ
˺ȻӡǸϽȥŷ籧סȻˡ
ֲϢХһ㣬ϯ˷һֲֿľһɾϢգѹ졣
ӵȫĤԼ
ڹŷǣ˳ԶϢ̫ǿˣ֧ŵķǳѡŷȻĤݶԷҲӲԲ˿
գڻվ𣬸ߴޱȣѪ죬졣
еһ¶һĨЦСŷ硣
ŹŷܹһµʱڽκãŰ£ŷѾˣʹĳǸҲòϣԼС˹ŷ硣
ʧȥնɱʱдޣǲọ̀ʱ棬ǲŷˡ
ŷΪľˣǳ£Ȼ֣ʱԵģͲֹλǿˣλ
뵽֣̲סЦ
λϹŴĸ֣лһеǿеϱǿߣϣ˭ŷצӣҲֻϽһħĲεˣŸǹŷɡ
գѹ磬رȸߣҪ硣һ̤ŷǰתΪŷˣƾ
ΪˣΪˣǳƽˡŷЦĸǿߣûһţ쳣ŵÿ
ǷһˣǷһڣָ˴ЦһӢģ磬ڷ٣ӵһֿĵ


911 һȫ
ŷ絭һЦû磬ֻǴЦ˵֮⳥þƺò
ŷˣ֮ǰҪʢĵرˣùŷǳԺһʹ졣
ŷ߲ܣҪЩ֮ԼΪ
Ӵľ棬㱻Ϊеһ֡
ԤƵҪãٻָ˾Ųŷ翴һۣЦ˵Ԥƣָֻܻ˲ʵڿ͹ˣʵٻָ˾Ųϡ
ʮ㣬Ҫлŷֻش˵ȻԹŷˣȴǳ
֪ŷȵòֻһ˵壬ǹŷ֣彫Ϊʷ
ҾϲΪʵָ˳أڿȻָ˾ųʵҪ࣬ӵоųʵȻ޵еġ
ŽɹżҴ˵ҽһţڿԱʵ̾
Ҷȣɹżңͷ˭ġ
֪ŷһλʼ棬Ͻ֣ټͷͬһ㻮Ͻ磬ܶ˶ֻ֪мϹŴ񣬲֪Ǹֲˡ
ŷ綼ȣû뵽Ȼ˵ͷ
֪ģŷѯʡ
żҵһλ۵е֪Ц˵
˭ŷһòǹսʼɡ
ŷ
ΰ£ǹŷ̫үүŷ鶼̫үүҲϽ磬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ͼ̫үү꣬ͼʮ꣬һ꣬ͣϽжԱһˣȴ۵ǸʱѵϹŴˣ
ʮǰŷѼһ棬ңǿͻ磬Ҫ򣬽ûԲųӣ֮ӡ̾
ʲô磿ŷѯʣЩ档
Žףսǿֻɱһߡش
һ֮ϵ˶һۣףΪʲôŷǸ壬ˡ
һˣ־֣ʵ̫ڷǷˡ
ʵŷԼ̲סЦһһ̬
Ȼŷ˵Լ̫үүֻδԷ֮Ĳ࣬ᳬһꡣ
ڳͬ˰ǹżѾ˼Ļһﻹǽɡ
ʵµòϹż߳κһˣ
ʮǰϽһУһ籩Ĺθĸ֪ʲôˣ˼ʵ
Ҹĸ
ŷʵĻش𣬸ĸϽ磬Щȡ˵ĸȥǽ֮أŷΪϽģ֪ȻǷǿħĵط˼ĸȷʵϽ磬һһꡣ
˻
Ҷһ֣ǾԲİȴûк͹ŷϵһŷ֮ĹϵЩ˸ˡ
ʱŷܣȻ˵ԼˣȴԲķˡ
˵˹ε¼ŷĸ֣Ȼһֲɨƽ
Ҫ֪ϹŴ۷ս򣬶ҲֹһλǸǰûпֱӱҽ
Ϊ̫ǿǱ׷ɱϹŴ񶼳ˣ۷սʮλǵأѰǵ䡣
ЩҵˣǸֱӻɱˣȻǱһ֪ǿ߾ߡȻʮϹŴ񾳽ǿߣδ׽ǵټ
ĸ£ŷһνЩ棬Сŷ֪лʲôӵء
ʲôŷʵ
ҡͷȻ˵Ĳ֪ţ˵һӣҲ˵Ǹһ֣˵硣ʲôҲ
δһ飬Բ֪
ŷͷûѯʣȷԼĸ£ֻǲ֪εĸĸȥһֱڣδ¶档
㷹۵ʵ󲿷ʱŷ˶磬һҪΪǿڴֻᣬʵ̫ѵˡ
ŷ粢ûںֵӡ֤Լĵ
ԼĵʺԼģʱѳȥΨҶ磬޷
ӡ뽣ҲһǶӡ֤ĵӣֱڻͨⱾĴֱӱԻĶ


912 Դ
һ˵ĵжԵߣŷջ񲻴󣬵ҲСϾһϹŴ񽲵ӽϹŴ
лˣҲ뿪ˡŷ繰֣
ͷ֪飬ŷΪԼˣǲġ
ӽ𣬹ŷˣδ֮ǰĸϹŴ۷սǺ͹ŷ綯֣һΪС
˻ȻӴԺ󣬻˭ǹŷ磬վŵĴʵ̫ˣһ룬̲ס
ŷ뿪ǣӡ뽣׷棬ˣ콾һǿƵߵĴڣȴͬһ֪Ȼ̲ס𾪡
Ƿ۵糸ôʱ䣬Ȼһϵ졣
ݣʵ̫Զˣʮգǽӽݵı߽硣
ʦ棬Ϣһ°ɡӡڣ·˵еᷳҪϢһʱ䡣
ŷͷǽһɽϣ
һץһֻѩñץУŷ߶ֻѩ˲䱻ƶǣûϵˮϴɾȻֱӿ졣
ŷ㽫ѩԼȥһûгһӣʺͽӡ˿Ŀɿڴ
ʮûгԷˣҲЩˣȻ˵Բǲ汻ˣָоǼ䲻ˬġ
Ҳǹŷһֱץһֻѩãչŷķ͵ĸоϽʳģ˼㣬ȫܹȵġ
ǲϣֻҪŪˣҲ˱ǵķˡ
㰡
һ̾һݵ߳ǵǰ߿ΪϣܼӬ
ΣŹŷеѩãһҪҧһڵӡ
ŷ翴һۣȻ׽һֻѩã編ƣݸߡ߶ʱϲüңѩӹһһͿ
ʺͽӡ˶һۣҲо˵ĲǵʵȻ̽ԷĵףǴδġ
ʹϹŴٺãҲֲֿܹܵѹȸУߵľ磬ǿҲûиоѹȸС
ֱָӿ£ΪζߣܱϹŴӿ¡
ǰҵĶô𣿡ŷЦ˵ʮ⣬ȻթԷ
ýӡ뽣ĿɿڴզŷĴ󵨣һ˶թԷʵԿƿֲ
Ҫʲôô߿ڣϣȴʮֺС
һϹŴɣġŷЦ˵
ʨӴ󿪿ڣЩȻʧЦȻû˵Сӣǹ̰ģûУԴУҪҪ
ŷоһ˵Ҫ
ԴĺöϹŴıԴҪ󡣵õһԴĵʱͻϹŴ񾳽磬͸ˡ
۷ϹŴǵõһƱԴٷְٿͻƽ硣ȻԴֶһ㶼⴫ģһǿĸʧһ֣һ־޴˺
ֻ˲ɱʱǲܹ࣬Դ
㵹֪öҲҪһ仰ǶԽʺͽӡ˵ġ
ʺͽӡɫҪءȻ콾ҪͻƵϹŴ񾳽磬еôףͻƲˣҲʲô顣
ԴͲһǵİգӵ˲ϡ
ּʣ콾˵ڰٷ֮ˡ
ҪĻ͸ҪǶ֡Це˵
ʱŷǶ¶ɫʲôЦȥȡԴֲʲôϹŴֶҪ
ΪԴҪ͸أڿˡ
ǰȻûеĻǾͲҪˣǺǣ˺֪㡣ŷЦ˵ֱеͷ
ԴǺöҲҪУȻԼӿٶȣûǸŷҲоԵİգͻƵϹŴ񣬶ӵлѪ˵ⲻʱˡ
ʺͽӡȻĶŷܾҲҡͷˡ
Цŷ綼ùˣ֣һǹŷĶ֣ŷ粻УǸӲˡ
ߵɫ¶һĨ֮ɫû뵽˵ĶȻԴջ󣬶ֵܹס
ĲҪʵ
ŷҡͷߴӴϢ˵Ҫ
ŷ̬ȺܼЩйȻǿ飬͹ŷ֮һЩϵ


913 
ԥ˺ܳʱ䣬ſ˵вУ
ŷЩ⣬һǿߣһֻĴڣȻô
ŷһͻȻʵǰ䣿
𡣡
ŷһѪһ˳ɴ۾һŵӣǰ𣿲ͬͬհɣ
ʲôôȣЩ˵
ߣŷһ¿ˮ
ӡͽɻ󣬲֪ŷΪʲôôȣ֪ŷڵ𺳣˵еʥ˵еڹŷǰû𾪡
ңû뵽ô꣬˼ǵңǶǾ֮ˡ𿪿ڣдһ˿̾Ϣ
΢΢Щ㯣뵽ʲô̾Ϣһ
ôŷ繧ʵ
Ǵ֮ˣһǻĵĹͣʥһˣʱ򣬿¶ʧ
ǧǰϽ磬һѹҲȼվѪɱˣǷӡ֮˳ش
ɱһ˶Ȼ
ܿһۣȻ̲סɫǴ˵еǸħ
ʲôӡɫҲˡ
ŷɻѯʲôǴħ
ڽӡĽ£֪ǧǰϽһͨԳƴӾӳһħϽ磬Ҫɱ
ħһսȴսͨɽԹɢγһأȻϹŴ񣬶޷롣
һʿԽ룬УΣգнϹŴ
״̬ܲȻ˷ӡҲ˺ĲˣҪԴҵġ˵
ŷɫ΢΢һȻ˲˽ڵŷ̾һⲻǲǱԴ̫ˣǲʱ䱾ԴĻҪ˶ãͻ᳹׵ϹŴľˡ
֮ôϣҲΪԴ̫صԭ
㻹һµʱ䡣ŷ翪ڡ
¶һĨɫܹ֪ŷھݵѪû뵽ֻԼĸ첲֪ڵ
ŷ˵һ㶼ֻʣһµʱˡ
һµʱ֮𲻲䱾ԴϹŴ񾳽磬Եĵ䡣
ȥŷ翪ڣֱӴӦҪ
¶ɫԥһ£Ȼ˵ĺΣգϧڵ壬ȥȻǰӽľ磬ܹǿһġ
޷ֻȡʱЩ鷳֪ǰʲô󣿡ŷѯʣڵʵ޷ԴóȻȡĻԼҪ
㡣
ĳһ«ɢŰ
õһȻԴȴѣ㵽ʱȡɡԵЩ
ŷ罫«ӹͻȻüŭһ˭
һԶ˹ȥһӰ˲ʧɫ΢䣬Լˣղֻ˵øˣȻûв鿴ΧĶ߶֪
յˡŷüӦϤϢյɱŷһֱǵϢ
һһֻĳȥضգǸ˴о˳һߣоԼ֮һĨܾȻһȻֱԱˡ
һһ˿Ѫ
ãյѾ֪ͨɽˣǵĶҪ졣ŷɫ΢䡣
ھͳǰǳӦǣҪǽǰ״̬ܲáŷ˵
ܵһߵԱܹˣȻʵѾ䵽һµĵز
ͷŷˣͨɽڣȻ˵ȡȡ֣òĻҲҪǿǵİȫҪ
λʥͲΪԼ飬ùŷͽӡѪ
һƬɽʵǹ죬нϹŴĴڣ˶Է벻Ƕ֡
ŷͷû˵ʲôֱ̤ȥ
һȥǱ任һ磬ƶųɷһ֣һͷʬ۷ֱĶŹŷǡ
ǿ󡣡ӡ΢΢һӦ̲סһ
ڽʬĴڣǿˣһʵ൱һߣʤһ
һֿµĴڣŷ˾衣
Ҳʱͷڽʬ߳˹ʬգûµӰ˹צŷǵԴ˹ȥ


914 ֲͨɽ
ҹ¶ɫһеĽ񱣬ĵĶ
ֱǿĽͷʬֳ룬ȳζһ˶˳
ġ
ŷ̲ס˵ִһ棬ֱʬ棬ʬһɾһ
߰ɣǧҪСģа졣ŷ˵
ǰ·ͨɽмȥа죬гɶѵĹͷۼһԵüΪ£һڤһ
̤һɽԶ
ôое㲻ԾŷͻȻ˵
Ҳǡɫ΢΢Щ
ôоվһϹŴϣģǴ𣿡ӡȻ̲סһֿڡ
վϹŴϣ嶼һȻһ̣Ǻԥֱӳ
ǽµĹɽҲһ̶ֲаûվĵطǸղ΢һڿѾѹˡ
ʲô⣿Ŀɿڴڿ壬⾹ȻһߣӲ
ʱ趯ֱڿնɢżаϢŷǳɱȥ
ӴϣϣŷһϹŴĸо
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˳ȥһȭڹɽ棬߾޴ݺݵ䣬ŷ翴˽һۣŭߡ
ǶһۣҲīתߡ
ߺգŷΧм䣬ϵаɱŷ糤ХһȭһȭߵĹ
ȱһ˿ѪܹսһزѾǹŷļˡڵʵԵǿ󣬵ԷȷʵֻһܹϹŴ񾳽ĿֲڣǸġ
ŷ죬ĴڵʱҲսʤ
䡣
ڸӦ˵Ϣ֮󣬹ŷֱʹýʵԽȻĹ߻ɳȥȻԶ
ʧȥĿ꣬һĵӴɽ룬ֱڹߵķ£촷ۡ
ŷǿľһֲĴڣȻ֣ǹߵĶ֡
ֲúܶ˽ҲûгԹߣܻ¡
йŷڣ֣¶Ѳ˹ߵ׷ɱ
ǼǰЩֲļһŷɫء
ǵͷʹŷ粻˵Ҳ֪˿
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ǼұˣȻһջûСŷüͷоЩˡ
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֪𲻻˵ѣȻ˵Դǿ϶УȴҲе㲻
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еһʯӣӽ˺У˵һͻȻ۾һ
Ѱеطֻ˵ĺûҹ
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ŷͷҲָо
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ΧκˣȻղ˵𣬾ߡ
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û뵽յȻˡ
͡
һӽʵıֱתһǹɽԷȴҲʧû˺˶Է
ҹ
ŷͻȻ֣ԼһȭһĨѪէ֣һӰʧ

ӡʹһһѪۣһǴնһӰֱӱɱ
һɱˣȻֻһ߽׵ĴڣһΪߵļһܹ˺ӡ߾ǿ֣߳жôĿ£
ǵɫ׵ıˡ
ŷ絹ǲԼ˫ԷҪشô׵ģǽӡͽȴһܵˡ


915 
Ȼ콾վûйŷǿڲࡣյӵĴɱ£ԵúΣա
䡣
ŷ˫ֻԲ̫ͼ֣ݻһ磬һ磬ʮ
ҳһɽ𶯣ǳ޹⡣
һʮӰȫɫЩš˭û뵽ŷʵȻǿһز
ɱ
ӡ뽣˳֣ǽ죬Էɱ˹ȥ
Էм˷ҽУǵĽ˺ѣֻмλǿյӣߣûбɱȻҲһ
ǴбƳֶΣе㾪ˡ
ƿ硣
Ǵյˣ沫ɱ̫ǿǲŷԾһڴĵط֣ǵ̫ˡ
ƿأҡŷȡ
յĵӣоһأһ͡
ʱ򣬹ŷˣħֻظ֣ɱߡ
߾ŭǳХأޣͨ죬ֽɱŷ硣һֲֿܣһС
ŷ𶯣˸Ų⣬ԷȻֻѹһ߲ҽУ飬ɱ
˱ɫˣȴŷضϣսü罣նͬʱնɱ
һ˲ɱλߣȻײսǿָߣҲ㹻ˡ
ʣµļյĵӣһɫҪȴУͳ岻ȥ
ɱ
ӡ뽣ʴ֣ɱЩյӣ沫ɱ˾ͬ޵УȻǵͽߣҲǵĶ֣Ϊһƺ콾
յĳԱȫŷ糷磬ǶһۣԽĿתС
Ϸһ£ָõ״̬в鿴һ¡ŷ˵
ӡǵͷʼϢ
ŷɰ˷ʹһνڵĵһ룬ڲʱ򣬶ˡ
Թ֮ľûŷڣգܿתԼ
һֿµı֣ӡͽʶһۣԷеľ
Ա֮£ʶŷĿ£Զǡ
ܿ죬ȫ״̬Ƕһ£ŷͷĽ˺Сһˮ£ŷܵ˹
һӰϣһ׺ۡ
ŷ类ɨɼʮףһˡɫȻǰӰӣһˣ˯һ㣬һͷ­ȴӣȴָ֫׳ģɢźӲĹ
һµӡ뽣ŷߣǳһû뵽һˮĹǿˣȻǹŷ綼һ㱻˵
ʲôӡ̲סʵ
һǿߣȴɢӦһǿߣʬ屻ɷʴɵĹСǳǿ󡣡ɫء
ŷû˵Է˹ȥ
һȭǸµӲһȭ
Էһֱըһ˻ŷֱһԷʬֱըˮУɫѪһƬˮȾˣŴ̱ǵȳζ
ߡ
ŷ翪·ٿһۣ·Ǳȥ
뽣ӡ˽Ǿ߶ȼУΪȵĿ¡һСģִܻ⡣
ˮ𾪣ǱȻûеס
ܹ죬Сһ㡣ŷɫӵˣ·Ǳȥٶȸǿʼӿ졣
ڴʱһɰɱǵ£һ޴ĺɫӰӡ
ŷһнɣһУŶӰӵĿ⾹ȻһǧɴСɢϢȴͷ߸ӿ¡
ڹŷ緢ͬ£Ѿֹŷˡ
һŷɫ䡣
ߡһϷȥ
ӡ뽣ҲǵһʱӣµȻҲ飬ȴ쳣ǿԽͷߡ
ˡ
һɫϢγɣסǵȥ·
ǸղŹŷ罫ԼٵһһͷֲҲͬľٶ
ŷ繥ϣȴƲˣףԼͷĲ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
˵߼ҪΪϹŴˣôϹŴһϹŴһ͹µġ
޴˹Ϣأ޷赲ϹŴǿޱȣһУΪϹŴ޷Ĵڡ


916 Ӧ
ԷŷֱӼԷǵסȫֵϹŴ񣬾ǿסˣҲܵˡ
ǿѹȫŷסˣڷ⣬ԷסһСŷѪȫ䵽УҪ׵
Էʱ̫ˣҪסͷϹŴ񾳽ֻ׵ĳǿ
Хأӡ뽣𶯣һѪ˺ȻĶһۣ֪ԼϹŴ֮ˣԷһǵģЩܲס
ȥ
ŷԼȻһȭϡ
µûжһ˺ײŷɳȥϳֿµơ
ûз֣ԼϵѪһֱգ׸ӵˡ
ף޴Уûһǣȫǲб׿񡣹ŷǵһͷȻûκǡ
һϹŴû˿ǣһ쳣µ飬꾿ʲôôĸ֣
񱩣ѹŷǣӡ뽣ˣ͵סŷףǰʱĳ֣
ƵȴȫסѣѪʵĸˡ
ӡ뽣˶һۣԷеľ;֪ǶҪˡ
Ĵ磬Ǹʹƣ߳ŷȻʱסĹҪߣǳĲá
ɱ
ŷŭħٻħɨն
ڴʱȻ¶һĨɫ״κˣħϣûжһ˺Ͼħȫʢʱڣһطӡδ⿪˲ϹŴ񣬳ϹŴУֲܹʵ
ôħ龪ŭһȵĴ
ŷһħĵ飬֪ͷһ
ϹӦû뵽ȻˣɷƣΪ飬̫ɱˡħһ̾ݡ
ͷȻӦֲô׿ȻϹŴʵҪ֪ӦԯƵߵĵλħߵĵλһΪսɨϽ޶֣֣ѹǡ
ܰɣ˵ӦӦг𣿡ŷЩɻ
ħ̾ϢһڣȻʬ壬Ҳܵסĳٰ̺˳ɵӦǱ˴ˡ
ŷ𾪣ʣûǣȻϹŴǿߣ޷󣬵ӦǺεȵǿ
ҸôȥĻҾˡŷЩżӦĹԽԽҪסˡ
ĻѪǣܹΣաħ˵
ôŷѯʡ
ħ˵һ飬ŷС
˫ӡϵѪȫһȻӦüķȥӦǸӦʲôһ˫ѪɫӣڽɫѪ棬ȴûз
ŷһѪӡӦüġ
һɰϢӦһ춯ص˻𣬹ŷ嶼һķˣ˿µѺۡ
ڽ뽣ӡˣǵ飬һԪ֮쳣
˼ѵ壬ɫ԰׵ƯˮУɫɬֻҪӦٷһǾˣڵʵҲסһ
Ӧȴ۾УбͣתŤȴܿ˹ŷǡ
ϣˣֱ죬ܶ˸ӦͨɽĶǳ˽ȴºǸܵ˿µ֪ˮϴڷ
˭Ӧ˻Ƶǰδ˵һ쳣
ǹŷȴ¶ϲɫֻҪӦָˣʱ˵ûΣˡ
ӦħɵӦǰ
ӦӦĿ⣬ĶħϣͻȻ˵ӦħҵĵˣҪٵ㡣
ӦϵϢٴοùŷһ

ħùŷƣֱһӦԴϣӦŭ޴Уŭɫ
ôʱˣ㶼ˣļǵĵˣľͷԴʲôʱܹúõĶһ¡ħǳ
ѾˡӦסˡ
ͷһĻĻļ䣬һսش˶Էһλǿߣɱ˶ԷλϹŴջˡ


917 һⳤ
ǵģѾˣû뵽ȻܻңˣӦЦʶԼݣһˡ
ڵǣҲǹŷĻѪܹġȵѪԺľһͷûκǵޡ
֪ħֱӻش𣬺ʹ졣
Ӧһ㶣¶һ˿ЦȻ£˰ɣǸϽ뿪һҽᱻɷ֮ƣǶҪ
ӦǰαһֱԼᱻɷ֮ƣŷü
ѾˣֻпĻѪһǣͳ治ˣѾоɷ֮ĶѾʼʴҵˡӦЦݺµ޵սȻ䵽һز˸оЩ
ŷȴƲƲ죬ЦҲ죬ȻˣƿһУһɷ֮ʲôǰΪݺϽ޵սӦñɷײŶԣαҪһɷ
ŷĻӦһ㶣һ˿
һֵΨҶ޵һѹһС
ӦΪΪ۷ϹŴȻһˣһ׹ŷ˼һǣֻҪ޵ҲѹһС
ɢǣʱȻٴ׳ƿĿȨ
Ĳ࣬ų棬ᣬԶҡһⳤ棬𡣡
ŷϽ⻯һ֮Ӧ˹ȥ
Ӧ񣬸Ӽᶨˣǣӵ׳ˣ֮ͬʶȼգͣϢ
ħŷ紫Сӣ̫ţˣһˡ
ŷҲ˵ϻӿɲ뱻һϹŴ׷ƨɺɱֻҽģڿЧٺ١
ӡͽˣݵĶŹŷ磬Ǽֱ쾪ˣΪһϹŴ񽲵ŷֻһףֱΪԼ񻰡
֪ŷõֻǴߵĻ͹ƨУһϵûУ֪ǻ᲻ײǽ
лλСֵܡӦǸһ´󺺣ŷһ
ŷһ񣬶ʺͽӡˣҲûзӦҲͬһˡ
µ鷢ˣ׹˸ֱǵϣ˵飬һ㽫ǻɱˡ
ҿʲô飿ӡ̲ס
˭͵ϮңŭԪ񰵵һʧʵ̫ˡ
ħЦһϹŴһûбɱѾǲˣлʲô
ʲôףղô£ԭϹŴһ񣬽С˵ľ磬ܹһ³ͷһ㽫ǻɱˡ
ôܹܣʶŹŷ磬Щˬ
Ҫ֪ղӦһʵҪǶŹŷ磬ȴˣ̫ƽ˰ɡ
ߣעҪΪΪʼǿߣҲԳһ񡣡ħЦ
ߣעΪ뽣ӡԾû뵽ŷ羹ȻִǱղѪʱ򣬱оЩϤˡ
˵еĻѪߣͳɾܹߣײã棬ĹŽ޵С
ǱΪֻһ˵ڿȻĴڣŷߡӡףΪʲôλ棬Թŷ˿أشѹҲûз
һˣۻʲôĴۣ£ġ
һҪΪǿߵĴڣܹʢ˼㣬ΪĴСԯ죬һ۷սǿޱȣܻɱͬϹŴ
ޣδ
ûʲô˲ģѪֻ֮һõĻҪ޵УҲܹ˵Ŭɡŷ絭˵
ԴӳΪ֮󣬱նԼı壬Ϊһ壬ʵȴȻֲܿͬ޵Уѹһж֡
Ҳպ󣬹ŷ糹׼Ѫ֮ὫѪҲնһ뷨ܻܿʵ֡
ŷãЩȻܹԼΪδƣĳɼ޶һĲΡ
޵Уײã棬˭ָ˵֮ϣûиߵľ硣ŷ粻ԸʲԷ⣬Ҫ֮δ֮ȺӣӸߵĲΣӹŽδ
ұʿУѪܹߣﻹõŬһһǰУܹߣΪߴڣ޵У֪ȴ𣬱㲻ǻѪ𣬵ȴǿĿȻѪһս·硣ӦڣͬŷĻ
ȴǷ塣ħ֤ʵӦĻ
ӡͽʶһۣԿԷе𺳺ͻȡ嶼ܹߵȴһǲΪԼȲȻҲҪߣ˵ĶԻᶨǵ


918 Թ
ŷͷΪƽͣǷѪ⡣ֱӿߵߣֻѡ
ǰ·ԴŷѯӦ
С
ӦĻùŷһϲҵˡ
ǵòӦĻٴùŷһ㶣ʲô˼ѵʲôǿĴڣػ
ҵ걻ɱʬǣһ䣬ﻯأıԴںУһĵȴԹػȻϹŴҲδܹõӦ˵
Թ˵һǾǿֲĶϹŴδǶ֡
ǵľ磬óȻȥֱ
ܹõԴŷʵԴǱõģΪѾŵˡ
ŷӦ飬ȻҪ
ʵǱòֶΪǸݵǿıȡİɡӦ˵ڻƿԼ壬ɷ۳ɵĶѹȥͬʱҲõ˼䣬֪Ĵڡ
ŷͷ
ϧڲ۷״̬ҵʵǿȡԴδؾʵԹǿ󣬵ȴܹ˵壬ǰȥԿ϶ᱻᣬϹŴ̫ᶨĴڣҲסԹӦش
˵һԭԭԹǿĻᱻᣬּԹĶᣬ˭ܵ
ȥ
ŷ絭˵
ӦסˣӡͽҲסˣû뵽ŷ羹ȻľҪ֪һˣŷ͵ڱɱϳʧˡ
ңӦѾ˵ˣʹϹŴ񣬶δܹסԷᣬο
ʦ棬ǧȥҪӡ˵
òԴҽҲܹǸǰˣǰװˡҲȰ
ŷҡͷ˵Ѿֻһ»Ұˣһûзϡ
Թ»ҰĿɿڴȴŷǡ
ŷɫᶨ֪ԼֹŷġӡһҧҺʦһȥ
Ҳȥ
Ҳ˵˶Ҫ͹ŷһȥաҪ֪Ļŷµļʣʹ˺ܶ࣬пܱԹɱ
Ƕ׼ȥԼȥаյģǲСŷҡͷ²⣬Ҫȥһ¡
ǧܴ⣬Ҫ֪ͨ棬ǰͲʲô֮ڵԹʲôöˣǧҪԿӦŷӣ֪ʲộûֹֻǶ˹ŷһ¡
ŷͷ˽ʺͽӡһۣȻ˵ңǸҸȥĻɱǡ
ϱɱ⣬һ
˱ʶʵŷ粻Ҫɱǣֻвǣ׼Ǹȥ
Ӧǰҿ쵰ŷӦ
ӦͷȻЦ˵ڴɹ
ŷͷ·˹ȥֱǱǿһԹɷӹдùŷܵһɿֲϡ
ǰĴţͨĸ֣ɢľϣڹŷǰɫء
Ҳʱ򣬴ͻȻ򿪣߳һˣֻжʮ£ڷ٣磬Ӣ䲻ֻ˵ϣһԹɷҪһ㡣
Զֺλ֣һ𡣡Էڣӣ졣
ŷûжŶԷнһһгɿգӣҲһźֳΣһֻ
ŷ֪˱ͨԹ
ҲȥˣԴ뿪ŷ絭˵
ǸӢӣɫͻȻɫޱȣɢųɷŹŷ磬ݶ˵ҪҪԴ;ðɣɱңԴ
һָĵʥϢ֣ϣ̺ϴɢϢùŷжһ
Դٰû뵽Ȼ˿ֲȻֻһ˿Ϣɢȴֲޱߣ𶯹Žδ
ȥɡŷ絭˵˫סħֱն䣬޾ɷ֮Թ˿
䡣
Թֱӵס˹ŷĹһ˺ûС
¸£ССϣȻҲ죬Ҷ֣Ҫ塣ͻȻһŷ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬹ŷħֱݻֻأԹ֡Ȼ꾭𶯹Žδ
ԹҽУγſֲĺɢݡ


919 ɱԹ
ֻأȻ꾭ԹֶĿãŷ֮ԸΪ뵽һ㡣
оԹڷʹ˻ײʵ̫ǿҲͺ͹߲࣬ùŷһ̶ȵԹԿס
ĶϽͣԹ˻ʹൽ˼㡣
ŷЦһ㶼ûͣ˼ֻأоԹУĶȻ
Թ˻ϵԹֻգûУҲۿɼٶڱСֱ󣬼ɼˣŷֻأһֱʱ֮ųȥͨ
˸ɾı㽫ԹˣŷԼ벻
ʱһͻȻ֣Ѹײڶ֮Ƴ˹ŷС
쵰
ŷɫ΢䣬ԷֱӳʶҪʶ
ֱ£ʶۼӴ赲ԷĹ
ʹֻʣԹҲǧŲ࣬УȻӵлѪԹͨ޼ɵĴЦšֻҪ˹ŷ壬;Լʤȯˡ
׳ա
ŷԪЦԹһȭ˳ȥ
תʶеһսԹЦ¶ɫһֵֻҪŷˡ
û뵽ǣŷһȭײһԹҽУֱըˡ
ôܣԹ𣬳˲š
ҵ磬ҶΡŷЦüĿһ磬γһ罣ͬеĹ򣬶ԹʶУֱΪ
罣ǹսĺԹһŭӶɫоȻһĨ־塣
ʶҵϣŷ΢΢Щ⡣
ǹսǰһˣλѹһϹŴʱҲʰҪɱ㣬Ҫ𡣡ԹǷһŷ˹ȥ
ŷɫĮһȭԹٴը顣ǿĲ˼飬Թһδη飬ȥ

˴ʱԹҲЩˣԼڵʵ̫ˣҪ˵ɱŷ磬ԼҪ̫ܡ
Է̫ǿˣڹŷ磬ȻҲ޷죬ѽŷѹƣҪⶼ
µԹѾˣԼŷС
ɡŷЦٴʩչֻء
һԼУԹ޷ӳȥˡ
ǿͣһԹˡ
Թ˹ŷ磬ҲùˡŷüĲһ磬ʶԪУ֮ģᶨޱȣҪᣬǲܵġֶֻΣԹĿǡ
һԹע硣ʵŷԼû뵽龹Ȼô˳Թˣ׳Ϊ˹ȥ
ʵеĹŷ磬ӣԴдһĨȡ
ڴʱŷͻȻһɺ⣬ʱüŭȵС֮ҹ
һճ֣Ǹط飬һӰǱ˳ȴԴ˹ȥ
ǵӰУһɢʥϢҪԴװȥ
ʱĶǱˣŷ»ֱӳȥٶȱȶԷ죬ֱӵǸ˵ǰ档
ɱ
ŷŭĿ磬̫ͼݻ磬ѹȥ
Ǹ˵ˣ𶯣һķѡһ߾ĸ֣ȻԵסŷһ
гһ«ŷ߶ֱӽĵԴ˺«档
Ǹ˼Ѿʧȥ˻ᣬԥֱΣҪ뿪ŷ뿪գǸҲסȻһȭѪǷɽʱöԷѪȾһƬס
ɱһ֣ŷһԴʧκ⡣ͬʱᣬҲյˣû뵽ЩˣȻܹصӦ
ŷ緵֮Ӧ𾪣¶˼ɫ
ԹˣӦ
ŷͷɫϲκεɫڳļˣ̲סһɱԹ붼룬Ҳ۷ʱӦܹڣûʵ
ʵǿһ̲סʵ
ŸڹŷߣŷʵҲһδ𾪡ȻɱԹʵˡ
ŷҡͷˣֻиͨǡܹԹ飬ԲܹôĽ𡣡
ŷ˵ţݻֻأȻ


920 Ӧ
ֻءӦ̲סһ
ǰҲϵãŷЩ⣬ֻسҲֻУ˾ֻͨ
Ӧɫ˷ܣһ۹ŷ磬˵ֻأǾݵһλ棬ֻģ˵ݻ󣬿ֱٻֻء
ʲôŷ綼ˣֻܹٻֻأ붼û
ľ磬ӦûĺԶҪΪߣܹӦĻùŷզ࣬ߣ˵еĴڣųײãĳ޵
ˣѾҪٻֻˡ
ŷɫӦβ֪ʲô̲סҡͷ޵УҲеУϽ磬еһУʱˡ
ǰָ壿ŷЩȡ
Ӧҡͷ岻ǵĵˡ
ŷ羪ȣʣǴʱӦȥҡҡͷʾҪ˵ˣȻٴش
㲻ˣ̫֪δһ£飬ϹŴ񣬶δʸ֪˻һ˱ɫ
ϹŴ񶼲һʸ֪ŷ̴Լĺġ
Щ飬ǲܱ֪ģҪɵĿԡܣﵽ־磬ͳܲ
ŷȻԸʱҲڼܹϹŴ
Ȼˣ͸ˣǰ뿪𣿡ŷ룬׼Ӧǡµʱ̫յ˼
ŷ粻֪ǣ֮ϣҪˣ֪ʿǿߣһЩǿִˡ
ǧǿ֣߳ȴ˸ºǸܵϹŴϢ֪Լܹġ
뿪ɣǵȥͱɡӦѾӦϷһУŷ˵Ȼ˫ֻӶһŻͣͨ硣
ŷǶһۣӦлȻֱ̤ŻС
ͬʱֻ̤۷ս𾳽ĸߣǿƳС
ӦϿһۣͻȻŭ
һɿֲϢֱӽǼֻ̤۷սеĸߺɳȥϴŴǴʱȴܵشһ䡣
˺ȻڿԿ϶ˣ·ȷʵһϹŴǿĲ˼飬ǺͲеӵдĸߣҪ֪Ƕһֻ۷սǿ߰
ӽΪӦδҵߣɱ⡣һʯƾջûƶˣһ֣ɢŶϹŴϣò˲һڵء
ϹӦ֣˶𾪣ϹŵĴսôͻȻ֣ǿƵϢȴ߱ˣһϹŴȻȥð˵ģ¾ϹӦ
γһò۷׷ףһɫȻ
˭Ҳû֮£ȥ̽Ѱܡ
ϹŴһطûʵֻ̾ιȫ뿪
ڹŷǣ磬ǸɽϡһϵӰ֣µʱ䣬ԵøӲˣ壬ĸǴ֣ʱȴһ֮࣬΢ľ
ҵԴ𣿡Щż
״̬ԽԽˣȥԴûˣʱȻʥҲԵЩļ
ŷֱӽ«ݸһ򿪣д¡¡룬ǴںԻ
Դ¶ɫŷ˵лȻֱӳȡһԴûԼС
ǿϢϱϵ壬һ˲ָ׷˿ʮ꣬ȫһʮ˵ò
˫ۣԽԽǿϢϣ¡¡ԴжĴܹ硣
ŷԶȻڵϣԼĵϣԼĵӡ֤Ϊ
֮ޱȣʱԵʱڻʱأʱ컯ʱͬһ𼲷磬ʱͬ縧
һָӵĵһɵ۷սϹŴĺô
ŷǶһһͻڵľ硣
עظڶѾͻƣﵽ˸ӸߵĲΡΪ콾һ㲻ͻƣҪÿһ磬Ƶһ۷壬ŻȥͻƣеٶȣҲ죬ǽĳɾͣȻҲܹߵߣսϹŴ֮޵С
һֱǶûͻƣÿ˶оԼս֮ǰǿ˲١


921 
ŷߵ׵ľߣһס
սǺŵģǿޱȣԺɨϹŴ֮е֣ǹı̬֮⡣
лλСѡ߹ŷһ
뽣ӡɫǸϽ㿪
ŷ絹ûж㿪Ϊ󲻿ԣߣȻδɾͻߣҲܹһ
Ȼŷһûκýʺͽӡ̲ס̾ŷ̫̬ˡ
ǰлңǾһǰδ㣿ŷѯʣܹܵ״̬һ㣬ܹΪ
ھݶһǿߣȻˡ
ŷ粻ǣʲΪԼƽϽ֮У̫ԾݣȻھǿƣҲһܹס
ԴߣѾòˡǸ«ӹŷ磬˿⡣
˵òʵȻܹԴܹ̳Ϊǿߡ
ŵĵԴֻҪһ͸ˣʥȻ˵㻰ʵֻõһԴѾ컯ˡ
лǰŷҲ飬ֱӽ«Уӡ˵һһĵطǰǽԴ
á
ӡͽ˶¶ɫǶ֪һԴζʲôζŽǱؽ̤ϹŴ񾳽磬磬ȱ׵Ķࡣ
ĻԵȻйŷһϹŴ֣˵һѵõĺûᡣ
ʱ򣬳ǿߣͨɽ˳ŷǵʱЩһ£ȻͷҲص뿪
ǶܹܵǼǵǿߣȻð
ŷҲ׼뿪ʱһȺͻȻ˹ͷһһ׵ʿŹŷǣһḬ̃
Ͼкöһ׵ʿ˵ϵ쳣Ϥ
ŷһ뵽ˣ˾Ȼŵĵӡ
һڻؾŵȥˣŷܾ֣֮ŷˡ
û뵽ŵĵӣùŷһĨаЦ
ԷڵӣȻûб
Сӣϵĺöǲһ󺺿ڣǸߣлٵأл˸쳣ˡ
ŷЦˣʺͽӡҲЦˡ
ˣԶԷʮǿߣҲ治ô򣬵ߵǿߣһ۷ϹŴ񰡣ɱһĴڣǰЩˣ»һֻء
Ҳ뽻Ҳô죿ŷЦʣдһĨ
Էߣ˵һֻѹ䣬תǬ
ӡЦһն˳ȥǿޱȣӲԷĴ֣ߵĹ˻ȥ
ӡһ΢΢Щȣߺǿ󣬾Ա
ԷȻҲ¶ɲɫܹɵסһеģֻЩ콾ܹѵǰˣ콾
뵽Ǹɫ¶һĨأǵ콾ȻΪߣҲù
콾ǳɳϿ԰ͬףǽ߾֮һǶ֡
ʶһ㣬ɱ˸
¾ɱǡǸ߿ڣɱȻ
˱Ŀ⣬ŵ̲֮סɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ֪ŵͷ
һȺС󡣡ŷüֱֻ֣غɱһУǿըڷ
ŵһ¶Ȼɫ˿߽׳֣ȴһɱԷ̫ǿˡ
ӡҲ֣ɱЩ;飬ΪոսҪĥ£ЩõĶ֡
תѹˡ
ûг֣վһ޷ħɽһȻϣһ㲨
ŵ˵һݵ̫ǿˣ
ȻǸߣҲһ㣬콾ɾ͵ĸߣȴǲһɣ
ǸͷƤ飬Լµһ㣬˶벻ʲôߣӦϹŴ
ԼһϹŴȻֻǲ²⣬ֲ²⻹Ҫιȥ
ϹŴ񣬸޷򣬶Է̫ǿˣܿĴڡ
ŷڷ⣬ݺһͷ˺Ͻգÿһëڷ⣬̺ſµϢ
Ǹ߼սԷ֮ס˹ŷ磬ҲǿѪܵش
䡣
һѪ֣졣
Ǹŵĸߺɳȥֱķˡ


922 һϹŴɽ
ŸԪ˻ʩչҪɱŷ硣
ǧգȣ裬γһƬ⣬ûһСŸŭǳ޹⣬ʮɽӶҪһ
ǿ󣬴ʱȫ汬ֲ졣
һֿµܣɨǧ磬ת죬Ǭ߸ˣֲɱԾһУø߶Ѫ
Ÿݣһ޵еĹգڳ䣬ɢ˵ϡ
תɱһУûʲôԴڵġ
ΪߣվϣȻǿҲѵ֮Ǹߵİؼ䣬ħס
𣿡һƽ𣬹ŷӻ߳
Ĺ˸һУڶԷĸ֮£Ȼһ˺ûܡ
ôܣǸŸ߾ŭ˲š
ԪٴȻ⣬ûŷ硣
һαһθǿǳˣȻ󱻻ȥΪһ֡
ȻߵսǿƿֲˣȻڸУҲٮٮߡ
ˡ
һȣ飬ŷ˳ȥһٳĬֱӱ
۵񻯣һУŸԪ񱻻飬ʵŭɢ
˵ʧȥһǵս䵽Ϊ͵ľ磬͵סŷǵĻɱ
ʮǿߣȫսһûӳȥ
ԹŷľǿˣߵʸûС
á
ֻ˵һ֣ȴѾ㹻ˣϹŴԳޱˣǼΪе顣
ŷˣ˷Ŀɨ񷣬ֱתĿ⣬Ҷӡ
ʹΪ׿ˣҲ֪˲ǣһǵĻֻɵĽ
ŵһȺǿߣνǿ󣬵ȴסŷǣֱӻɱһûӳȥ
ʵϣڳл壬󲿷ֶȲŵʵʹΪǿ壬ҲֻǱ΢ǿһ㣬δܹγɴݿѹơ
ǰ߰ɡŷ翪ڡ
ͷ磬һ߹ɽͨɽǿ߶¶𾪵ɫǷܵǸδֵϣһϵϢһoһ㣬ǿ˲
ϹŴ񡣡˿³֣졣
ףΪιŷǿˣϹŴע磬ʹӮˣҲӲˣٶϹŴͷˣҲˡ
ղˣҺͻȻ˵
Ļһ˵һȻǶ¶𾪵ɫŵľŷ硣
ЩղžȻǸˣֲǿƣǸϹŴӶ
ʱҲվ˹ŷĺ棬ΪĿɽ
ϸĵ˷֣ղǸϹŴ񣬾һףһδ֪ϹŴ񡣹ŷֹһϹŴ˶ȻʶȻ
һѵĴˣߵܹϹŴ񣬶ܹá
и̾˱ˣ֮мʹһЩߣδϹŴ񣬸˵ˡ
ŷǳ֮⣬﷽ԲˣԴųӡ뽣
Դû˵ڣŷ˳֣ǵ壬Դ
ʱȥ˰£Х뽣ӡ˳̧񷣬һǳ飬Ϣ䣬Ȼ߾硣
Ȼֻһףȴʵı仯˵ս֪ǰǿ˶١ȻԸߣҲ㹻ţԷܣɱ
콾ר߾֮󣬿Ժɨг콾֮κ߾֡
ŷ磬һսʿڣĿС
ŷӦҪ˳ϸ졣һնһ磬ŷУ޾Ľŷֱӳ˳
䡣
һȭֱӺɳȥײһɽУŷȻͣĳ֣ǿڽʵϣֱӽ׵ĵصס
ӡĿɿڴȻ˸Ҳ͹ŷһԼսģȴû뵽ˡ
ڿȣδһõ飬Űĺܲҡ
ŷӵص׳˳õЦݣȻһž졣
ˬӡҪҪԣŷЦе˵
ӡһҡͷʲôЦʱŰˣӡȻţȴΪԼȽʻҪǿ˶ǰǹŷĶ֣Ҫֻ֣ͬбŰķݡ


923 Ҵͨ
ԴӡӡҲ͹ŷ綯ֵġ
ʴӵ³˳һͷףŷϣԽģܱҡ
˵ھǽʵʣҲδܹϳʡ
ӡĿɿڴȻ̲סŶӴЦ
ʲһҪ޳ˣԼӢ󰡣ŷƻˡ
һߵǺЦˣĿк͡ʵǹŷ磬ǽʺͽӡҲѵõ콾ˣԵϹŴ
ˣǲҪˣŷҪ뿪ˣԴĲҸʵ
ŷҡͷЦ˵ԼͲ鷳ǰˡ
Ҫ֪ԼԴͱ˰æԴЧǲһģеŷԼʵԴԹˣ
ڽӡͽˣǲȹŷ磬ûǸ
ðɣҾ뿪ˣصݿһۣˣһǧʱǧҪע⣬ܻϹŴɱ㡣˵
˻һŷǴһϹŴɱԼ
޷Ӧֻڰ֣ԴʹϹŴ񣬵Ҫߣǲѵġŷ˵
ͷڹŷʵǱȽġ
Դ֮󣬹ŷƻǿһֲĵز
ҽһͨһֶϻꡣͻȻ˵
һֶϻꣿŷ粻⣬ʲôͨ
Ҵͨһֶϻ꣬Ӧ˵Ĵ壬кȻһ¾סЦ˵
д˵ԳһҴ壬һȣһλ顣ŷͷⶼǴ˵ѵ
Ǳһֶϻ꣬ҴͨһֱһϹûŷԺУһֱˡ
Уһֺȳħϻꡣ
棬ҺȻַһһ㶼ͻ£Գ棬Ҫ˵־һȣɺϹŴ񣬿ƿֲ
ŷ־У˸ȻѾ硣һĻһοɫ
ҪȻҪĻһ˽УδҪǴ壬ȴҪҵʶء
ùŷδضĻֻһ£ȴû뵽ŷӣĻڹһ˽ķǳֵۣܶĻ
֪ǧҶлˣ涼˼룬ţܻȵŶҪöء
ΪҸˡ˵
ӡ뽣˹֣֪ټʱҲλ۷ϹŴ񣬱һˡ
չ󣬹ŷͻȻһԴ˳Ȼֱȥ
ӡ뽣ʺȻҪֹŷ磬ѾˡԴ¶֮󣬹ŷϱһɿֲϢǶ޷վԭأֱӷ˳ȥ
ŷƵֲͬޱȣһںϣϽɫĹâ
Դͷ߿ֲϢŷ𶯣Ѫڣ죬ԴɢŴ۵ı⡣
ףŷֱͻˣףϢǿԴٶȣҲͬʱӿˡ
ӡͽͻȻһֻ뷨ŷҪ׽Դ
ǺȻĶһۣҪ֪ȻǿԴ̫Ǳܣڣպھ
ǿŷӣȻҪ׽һԴԼ
ˣǿƿֲˣ˴ûмֲֿļһ
֮󣬹ŷԴϢѾȫʧΪѾ߽ףﵽ۷״̬
ӡͽ˶ˣһԴŷʵףǾԼΡ
һ콾ôҲ߾ˣһǵͽߣп߽ܽס
ǹŷ磬񾳽磬ǰס
ȴܹܵŷӿˣڹŷƹƾµܹɱߣǶ÷ϹŴ֮޵С
ơ
ŷͻȻվһǳ
Ǹǳֱը飬ʧϡ
һֶϻꣿӡһǸûиоʲôǸǳȴˣϢ
ҪҪԣŷЦʵ
ֱӵˣʲôЦǿûаգסĸ
ҴͨȻͬ졣ŷֻ̾ѧһֶϻ֪֮ҴͨµʲôزΪʲôֻһϹŴ񣬱ܻɱһ


924 
ϽУٴһϹӦͨɽУвϹŴǰ֤ȴͷ˳ȥ
ȻǵóһۣǸȷʵӦֻǲ֪ʲô飬ɷǳֲ
һϢӾˣյд֣Ͻ磬ǷҪɱŷ磬ͬʱƣϽ֮УӦмѪ
ָǾݣϽȻ˻ȻףһѪжصҪŷ硣
ҲвӦǵǺյˣֻǶԾпҪᣬѪϳϽ硣
ӾѪˣֻһյ
ǰǣͷǲδյȻ˳ͷȻʼįܶ˶˳
һ̫߳ǿߣвδͬʱЩģǰѪսеģɾѪϽ緢չ㡣
һʲǣϽ磬ȴ֪ںηúܶϹŴ񲻰Ǿûʲʲô
;ݶϹŴ֪ԲӾݵκˣ̫ǿˣÿһںܳһʱڣ
Ȼ飬ǾѪȴȻĽʣӡдԵԶʱڣϽѪֻǾѪūͣĻ壬ΪһѪȫսͳ档
飬ʵǸʱū͵ĺǿ壬Ǻӣվ
ЩˣЩּݸգҲһֱڼɵݣݸա
յһѪսɱ˲֪پ콾ƾݷչ
ڹŷǳ֣յסˣҪȫϽѪ
ܶӦű֮һһλ۷ս򣬶һƾµϼһʶδʱĻԻ͡
һʧʱǿ趯أ棬֮ĪҲӡϹһδսǿ߽ȫ𣬲ڵĵλ
Ǹʱǻʱ򣬹˲֪£ǾȻǿƣȻδָʢҲʱһޱȵĻԻ͡
Բŵ۷ս𣬲ŻӦҷǳңһǿߣɱ飬ԷΪмɱŵԻָ߸ϵӣȴòŵλ۷սһֱġ
ֻû뵽ԼӦĵһ죬ܵ˴иǿǰվھ֮ϣӲš
һ绪ŮӣȹƮƮڽУǿޱȣֲϢѹ죬òȫˡ
Ĵգȫѹ¡
۷սХ˳δϣκκۼǶʮģ꣬ڷ٣˸磬ʱɱȻ𶯾졣
ԯ졣ϳݣȴ£Ϊ۷ս޾κεֻ֣Ҫ֣ܹս
ԯǿƣţɱһϹŴ񣬵ȴΪԯԼĶ֡
ԯʵ
оɱƵƮɣ
ڣЩһСѣҲֱ̫ˡ
ԯü˵ãȻˣȥɡ
һֹֻգûκ򲨶֮ȴֲ˫ɫ
ԯ죬еĸ
ɱ
Ҳ֣ͬһȭԯ컯ɵĴײһһ·Ĳţһ顣
һˣһ˲
˼סΣȻĶԯ죬ûȥԼ˵һŵĶԯ졣
ôôǿ󣿡ŵغ
̫ˡԯЦһŭ𣬻ô£˭˵Ǹˡ
Ϥĳ棬һֱĸоҲһһΰӣվھϣ˵̫ˡ
һЩܲõ£˵
һץһŲУȻֱӷŴԯѹȥ
ŲɣһϢҪԯУȻ

ԯһȭײһȻ̲סˣɫеһ¶һĨݡ
֤ҪΪˡЩ𾪵˵
Цĵ⣬ʤȯգԯ졣


925 Ͻ
ݾŲԯѹ£ȫԯû
һָŲӽһϹŴǿ̫ˣȻԯǿƣʱҲڰˡ
УѪԯ𾪣ܵһ˿Ϣľ磬Ȼһ㡣
ʦǲϧΪͳһսսϹ䣬ֻһƿѪΪãҵ֤Уԯ죬Ȼս˫Ҳܵסһ׼Ц˵⣬·𿴵ԯɱѪȾ񷡣
֮˶ɱʲôĻ壿ʲôĻԻͣѾʱˣ粻ҪѪƿ񣬴
ΪޣھѪǺ޵˼㡣
Ų⣬ҪԯɱĴЦȻ֪ܻµĺıνΪɱѪΪ˸һѩǰܣѾħˡ
Ϊֻзԯһüͷ
һ߳ȻԯĴһΣˡ
뵽ָӺˣԯκλᡣ
һ⸡֣ɽӣԣһϵϢͷţǿޱȡ
ԯгһǹһֱһǹȥ
ֲľŲֽһֱӱˣԯ˸磬ŲķѣȻԷ˹ȥ
ԯ潫˳
ɫתߣ˲޾ɽҪ뿪
Էֲ̫ˣս˫ͳԽӵԲǶ֡ԯֱ׷ȥǹ׳һ˲ǹᴩǧ磬ֱӽһɽϡ

ҽУϢܲסҪķˡⲻѣԪǱѣ
Ҵˣҡ󺰵֮ͬǰݵĸǿߣһֻѹһɱҲͬģ⣬һ͹
ԯ죬ȴǵʱǸǿߣɫ䣬ֱٻǹ
ǹķѣڷ
ԯɫ䣬תߣһ۷սȻҪѪܹѹЩ˵ͷ
ԯ죬ҲΪŷע
һգ󴫳б𡣲šڡȫնɱֻʣ´èСè
ֵ˲Ǳˣԯ졣
˻ȻһǿƻӦ̫ڰԵˣЩƾõĴзУֱơ
ԯʵҲ𾪣һ֮󴫳УȫϹŴǿʵƿֲ
һճΪ۷ս𲻾õˣֲս˾㤣ЩǿߣһʶѪĿֲ
ͬʱӾ˵Ϣ֣ͬ󴫳УϹŴĵطݿ࣬һûС
˶ͷֻϹŴѣȻǿƣ̫ڿֲˡܶŭҪΧɱˡ
ҪѪϴѪǿߣʮǶϹŴ񣬺һս綼Ҫ
һţ֣ڤһƬڤΪĴ֮һ߳Ȼ֮ҲϹŴǿƵ˾ߡ
һطߵָϹŴδߣ
һ𶯹Ž
һǿߣȻδߵľߣҲ㹻ǿˣɨϽٷ֮ʮĴС
һ֣ʧȻյˣҲҽ
˭ҲҴŭһȻյֲĴУţҲҲǿҲһ
޵УҪһУǿֲġ
һƺƵҪѪϴݵжƽϢˣ˶𾪣Ҫ֪ǿֹ߲ˣлʲˣѾϽУȴ֪ıʲôһֱδ֡
Ǻε龰Ͻ綼Ҫʧɫ
һݸǿ󣬲֪콾ڹͳ˼ϹŴ۷սȻ˵
˲²⣬ڰеģҲвǿߣδ֡
ǿϲӣкܶ಻֪ǿߣȻδ֣ȷʵڣһıսȻѹҡ
ҾѪʲôȥĻԻֻͣϣλѣҪǣѪ衣𿪿ڣ𶯲񷣬ɽӶҪһ
ǵı֤úܶ˴еĵ⣬ҲЩЦţԼˣþѪϵҫ


926 
ٱϣǶյһ˲ЦһɣȻܹ£ĴУֱ̫˵ˣӲ뵽ĸ֣ܶ˶̲סЦ
Ҳףһ󴫳гȥĸԴһֱǿƣȻľݻ壬Ҳûʱ򣬸οһС
ŷֵʱ򣬶ʱõϢĿ߶յ֣ɱȡ
ϧǸŷδҲǺˡǵһ¥һ䣬̸ۡ
յΪֲĴ̿֯ԴɱҪŷǿ϶ģȻڱԯŵˣǹŷ϶Ҫɱġ
û˵յĳˣûģݵǿߣյˣյǰǹŷ֣δظɱŷ硣
ҵϣյܹ֣ɱǸŷ磬һ˲ʹء
ʿ̸ۣһ˵ĻͬǾȻԹŷʹޣϣ糬
ҲЩɫмЦ˵ŷ֮ӣԽϽʮ콾Ҫɱûôףҿ𣬳ΪϴڣΪ
ŷһսŽУҪˣҿЩֹ֧ŷ硣
Щ˲ۣͣгݹŷģҲп߹ŷģʵ˸ǲ٣ŷһߣ
ǹŷǹһƨҷţ˴ʴʣҪŷбºһսָűʲô£һЦһ˿ֲС
ĵӣһǵŷȣǾͽˣҪΪͷ𣿾ǹŷҲ˵ΪûĻȻҪҵСһʿһϻͷȴ˵ģƵ۾У˸ź˵Ĺâһֻ
һ壬ûϹŴ񾳽棬ҲҺа壿𣿡ǸĵЦ
һӶʱɫ䣬ղΪܲˬûô࣬ʶԼвǵ壬һҪΣա
˲ҵǲãǺ;Ѫߵĺܽѵˣһֻصĵӣڤ֮䣬ϵܲڤֻصԾѪ˵⡣
Եĵ֮߳Ϊŷͷվ˳
δˣŷΪˣκĵӷǳңʹһ˶ԶԷҲ˿ãԵ쳣ᶨ
ŷ΢΢̾Ϣĵӿ϶ǸֻصӵĶ֣ͻȻվ˵Ŀⶼ˹
һͷġֻصЦЦݱ㽩סˣŷòеһغһɫ䣬תߣǱ˼㡣
ʲô˶סˣֻ֪صĵΪʲôֻ֣صһǿƣʵԵǿƴУ·Եδ˵ѹ
ԣǡ˵һ˼ȻֱӴӴгȥ
˶ע⵽˶ڸղ˵ŷ绵ļһ
ǹŷ硣ɫÿ
˵ŷˣʱ¥лʣµˣһ롣
Щ˵ŷĻˣһû£¹ŷ㣬Դ˵йŷսнӡͽڴˣǸǶ֡
ǹŷˡǸĵӾϲȻ˹Ĺ۲һ󣬲ͷݣգŷˡ
ŷмסݲȥЦãֲʲôôƽཻͿˡ
˻һһ£Ͻ˵ʹãŷ峤ƽཻҲ꽻ҿɲռıˡ
˵ʵԹŷеĵλûһӣܹŷƽཻĵУŷĵλǵ峤Ϊŷ粻Ǿ˵Ĵˡ
˵ŷЦһûǿλΪ֣Ц˵лλղŰæ˵ŷмԵһѣ֪ҿԸ⣿
ŷĻЩʿǶһȴûйŷΪжԹŷͳ˳ݣԼż
ŷ˵ҪԼѣβԸ⡣
ȻԸ⡣һȺ˴ЦشŷΧ˹̸ۣ۴ŷҲ˽Ȼ߽ףǾȴĪ⣬ԽһߣʱЩʿȫмá


927 һа콾
ףŷƽ׵ģǷʵĵĪ⣬һѹĸо
Щʿŷ籾ҪѣȻҪѹ֮ĸִ
ĵǳԵΨҶ𣬵ǹŷҲĵٱЩһҪ˽Ķöࡣ
սǿ󣬲һżһֱȻ
ǿ޵У߳ȻܹӺֲܿľ硣
ŷڣһһɿֲϢѹ¡
һϱǿߣףȴǿѾеĽʺͽӡˡ
гա˾
ʿŷ紫߹ŷгյݣҲһ콾ϱ콾ɨ޵֣һš
³ȴǺܺãһصǿ߻ˣʮƣͬѾȫԽˡˣѾΪϹŴһһ
ִ̼гշǳԸϲս콾ʱٵԷΪ
ΪΪ̫ߣѾˣ־콾սƥһУûĶ֡
вţٵҲֻһЩ󴫳еĵӣͶĶ֡
ҾǣһͷŷȻҲûпԷһۣԵúƽ
Ȼ֪һ׵콾Ҳ̫⣬ʱĹŷϹŴ֮£û˸˵ܹʤ
ʹ磬ʱսҲܹѹƹŷ磬Ҫǲܵġ
Ҳгմŭſ³һǺӣҪһ¥ѹ¡
޼ɵˣں¥лʿ
ŷδӡ뽣ͬʱˣһ𣬵סгյĹ
ˡŷЦ
ܵŷӣгɫ䣬·Ȼٴγ֡
һְֻ˸޾ƣ˿ֲĻϢҪɱһС
䡣
ʱһնһ磬ײһ
ֲݻһУȴӡסɿֲ񷣬ûжԾ¥ʲôӰ졣
˶𾪣ܵƥǽǵϣô
гɫÿŷδ֣뽣ӡȻͷСվǹŷӣսȴӶӮʵڲһʲôʵ顣
ʶһ㣬гɫӱˣ˫һһꪳУУһҵɱ
ѣСĩһ˶֣̿в󣬸ûǿߣѵסĹ
гյĹС򶼻
ˡŷһȣڳˡ
ϵ縡ֻ֣أ佫гѹУֲΰ˲䣬гջԡѪҡΣһ㳹׷顣
¶ȻɫꪺգҪֻء
ʱֻ𶯵ĸӿֲˣгУһµɨȥгѪȾ񷡣
Ǽ𺳵һĻϹŴ֮޵ֵгգڹŷУȴֽͬһŷֻһͨҪɱϢǴȥȻ˶𾪡
гѪɣֻʣһԪ¶ֵɫһǸꪱˣڽֻغ俪һȱڣ˳ȥͷҲص뿪
ۼгȥ˶Ŀɿڴŷ񣬼ֱڿһһ
ı֣ȻϹŴҲ˰ɡ
ʦ棬ԽԽ̬ˡӡһڿˮ
ڳ鴤֪Լ᲻ԹһһԣҴ
ŷгգһöԷѪһ䣬ϢȥٴϽ硣ʱ򣬺ܶŷĴ治мļһ׸ıĿ
һѾľˣ¾ϹŴ֣δܹôɱ˹ŷ硣
Ѿųɳһ˲ĵزϹŴ֮޵֡
ߣܶ˶߶ƺǲ֪ǹŷΪ֮󣬻жôǿսҲĿϹŴˡ
δ˴ϣڹŷҲҪ俪һǵ˶ڴŷ糹׳ɳ漣
ŷ˫𣬰ŷͷһ޾δ֪Ĵ֮һ˸ɫħһйʣֱȺҹҪڡ
û˿Ǹ˵òȴܹܵϣ·ܹ顣
ǡ
УϢĳӰǹĻشȻʧڴС


928 ɱ˫
Զ֮Ĺŷ磬΢΢һΣյĸо
ҪŷˣһֱΪʿıܡ
յ
ŷֱ֣һΣյĸоյйϵԷҪɱ
ЦȻǰ˸оȻ׼
ŷ뽣Ǽ·ʱһ壬Ѿ̫Զˡ
ʦ棬˵ʮʣ˭˭ͣǸ·ӡҪˣʱ̲סŷûһ
ŷĲ˵
Ϊɶӡ⡣
Ϊὣʡŷ˵
̣ŷһ·ϣһֱܹÿһ˵仰ʶŷνĳ嶯
סֲǵΪҲףԼԲǹŷ̬Ķ֡
ӡ͵ЦýɫѿĿðȻ˵Ҵ򲻹ŷ磬ǽӡŲҪʹýֶΣ϶ܽѵһ١
˻һӡɫһɲͶԷ
֪۸ʵˡӡɫÿֹһ䡣
Ŀһۣӡʱ죬Щƣڽʿʼ۸ˡ
ӡСܵӣŷ̲סҡҡͷһǰ;ã
໥ʱһֱӽŷնΣȻһգŷеһУնƬ
һĻýӡͽסˣǶû뵽ŷ羹Ȼôˡ
ڸղֹ֮£ǹŷҲסҲˣŷԪûļӳ
˭ӡŭ˫Ѫ졣
ŷ羹ȻԼǰ뵽ղ˻һ̸ЦأڲǱǿҵķŭ̼ġ
һ۲ȴ˷նÿһϬޱȣܶһ硣
ĿˣЩദȻͣĴ֣ѾΪֿѣڹŷ类ɱǺ
ߣСǼƽϣǼȻҪҾͳȫ㡣Ӱ֣뷢԰׵ʿǿޱȣֲϢѹƵĽ˶
ߣ˶һۣԷеľˣܲǸߣп콾ɾ͵ĸߡ
ˣǿޱȣȻҲ߾磬ǸͱȲ˶һۣҪߡ
ЦһҪض˵ȥ·
ʮɷ󡣡һĺȴһγɣֱӽС
ʮͷħ˻£ɱߡǶʱæңʱħһɱ⣬ߡ
ŷɫŭ졣
ûǷŭ
ŷЦĮ˵ǸղնɱģǼٵңǰ֪Ҫл·û뵽ǹȻˡ
ǹŷⲼµȦףȻĻʵԷܹô׵Ļɱ
ɱ
߶˵ֱӳɱ
ܹŷʮɷǽôǿߣУֻΧˣҼϹŷʵߣǸͳ岻ȥ
ħߵǿߣҪһˣǵľѪڽ⿪ħķӡźܴĺô
һҪֵħȻҪɱߡһκܺõĻᣬǿߵѪڽ⿪ħķӡǳа
ŭ𣬽һͷͷħ飬ǲúЩħḴɱ
߱ɫħ٣ħ𣬵Ǿûʵٵħ
ŷ磬ɱǵģҪǳȥȻһŭɱ⶯
ŷЦüڷ⣬ֱӷɳ罣ն˹ȥ
ڹŷ罣һ赲ûУ罣ֱһ˵ϣԷֱӱˡ
һǶУҳʲôӢۣŷЦһֵӡ
ýʺͽӡĿɿڴһдֵĻԲһֻ̤ϹŴ񾳽ϻĶ֡
ϻԴðˣǿʼܵˣŷ֣ϴƣӦȥĻǱ
磬ұ𡣡һŭͻȻŭһԼ壬ײ˹ȥ
ֲƵʮħֵʮɷ󣬶ˡ
񱩵ŷǺɣŷϣ˿µѺۡһߣӵңֻʣһԪ񣬴ʱֱԶȥ˲ʧ
ûг׵ɱߣҲɱһˣһԪӶݣûǧĿޣǲָܻʵˡ


929 ڻ
ʺͽӡ̾յӳԿǳԴˡղɱ֣ܹвϹŴˡŷɱһһˣյ˵һܵ顣
ҪɱңҪñɱ׼ұȻҪƽյŷЦɱ𶯾졣
Ҫƽյ̫ˡ
Ȼڽʺͽӡһ췽ҹ̷ĸоȴһָоҲŷܹҲ˵
֤˹ŷЩӣ֪һڴ첻ܵˡ
ҹŷӵлѪעΪǿߣ޵ϵ£ܳΪߣײã棬յȻԵסһλ޵еĻߡ
ǻգһս֮ҲûΣայ𶯣һֲоڸգҪɱ
ҹȥһţ֣߳Ƶأѹյľڣ˻ȥ
㲻Ҫ̫֣ͽܱɱҪ𡣡Ǹŭɢããɱ𶯾ʮء
ȻϽ磬·ڲȻڱŭˡ
ǵѹƣҪѪϴʮȾѪ
ҵģǲȥ׷ɱŷ磬ҲЦһӶԷ
ߣô˵ǸżҴˣɱҵĵӣҪɱǸŭٴҪ
𶯲񷣬ѡ
һ޴ӰվߡɫأȴڣҲûбʤİա
ڴʱһֺֻնֱӽӰѹȥ
ʵĴšϴһߣѵ޴Ӱֱӱѹȥˡ
ǵ޴ӰĿŶԷȴסǸֵĶ֣ŭȴֵķ֣ԼȻѹ
𣬶¶𾪵ɫɫ𺳣ֻ֣ܵһɿֲϢԽǿߡ
ǿĴڣҲվڹŷһߣõɵڲ²⣬Է˭ʱȴͶ첻Էݡ
ֲֺֻܿʮ޷ʶȥ̽Χ
յľڣֱӱѹȥһƬѪţյڵѪղŴӲܵ˿µش
ڻߡյдһе˵ĻȴǧţڻߣϽУ߶Ǵ˵û뵽ȻĳֽڻߵǿߡãϽһħͲܶҲˣҲѡ
֪ͺãŷ粻ΪϹŴĴڣ㲻׼֡ǸŮ磬ȴһǿϣʹǿߣ̲ס
͹ŷʲôݣյǿʵ
Ǹʧûлش𣬲ȻյľڣҳˡĽڻߵĴڣһܱ֪磬ʹĴڣѶùǵ̽顣
յľڣԲٳѾܵشʹǸڻߵǿ߲֣ӣҲδܹӮ
뵽յľб
ڣǵһαزѹƵѶȥ
ŷ粻֪Լܹһʱͽӡǣһʥɽ֮УɢǿϢ
ʥɽ֮˸ʥϢԵ÷ǳˡ
һĴУԵǿޱȣȻ˵ֻһϹŴ򣬵ǹŷȴиܵļΰȫ
뽣ӡͽɽһء
ǺˣΣڹŷǵǰʹŷǡ
񾳽ûĸսҲǳǿֻǱһʿҪǿ̫ˡ
ǹŷ磬ǰݷһ塣ŷ翪ڣ˵Լݡŷ֮һĵӣʱ̲סɴ۾Ȼ˵ŷ磬ǳݹŷ硣
ǹŷ磿һ̲סʵ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷͷòҲôӦû˻ð䡣
ŷͷ̲ס¶ɫȻǾȻͬʱʥɽ˹ȥһܻһ󺰵ŷˡ
һĻŷɫЩڣôǰĿսӰйˡ뵽ŷЦãͬʱһ壬Ȼһ㶼Сһ￴ɽţʾе㲻⡣
ȥɡŷʵҲûбҪôĹø֮ˣҵλǳߣǵһҪºӡֱӵɽ
ϾԹŷݣҲûܹ˵ŷĲǡô˵һ峤Ҫŷһøء


930 
ֹһŮ˳ɫսףɫдһĨŭӹŷ硣
ŮӺƯһͷɫͷһλðĸоеľһŷȴΪܹܵŮӵĵ⡣
˭·Щȡ
ұ磬Ϊȣǹŷ磿˵תҪ˹ŷһЦһһҪԼ֣
ŷͷЩζҪ֪ŮҪʲô
ŷԼݣȶ˵ֱӻԼ֮󸩳ɫۼ˸űĹ󣬻ն
ֺݶͨɨ£ûһƬռ䡣
ӡüͷһ壬ʱŭ˵һ裬Ͼŷ̫ϳϵɷҲеˣһ壬ǵûܵӣԷֱɱ֣ǸŷС
Ҷ
ӡŭҪ֣ȴ
ǹŷȴ֣վﲻ޾޴ŷ
һɽǹŷȻķӦһ˿ܣֱӽȺɳȥŷɫƽһֻ֣ƿУҪ塣
ڴʱͬһֻƬצ˳ŷײһǿŷĴˣһ߳ϣݣɢһֲֿϢ
һߣܿ콾ɾ͵ĸߣǿ˲
ŷһۣߺȥһȭ
ǿֱӽĿռ򱬣Էɫٳ˳ȴ˿ֲʮɡ
һĻһĳԱɵˣȻϹŴĴڣս죬ȻڸУҲ޵еĴڣδһܣȴû뵽쾹Ȼһ˻ˡ
ŷȻֺܸߣһУһˡһˣһһߣ޵е֣𺳵ġ
ֲøһʥɽ˲񣬽ұȻҪ¡Ǹɫ죬̲סŭ
Ƴ죬ɱȻ硣
ߵǷǣһȳ֣ŷŶֵģĽ˵ˣ֮ĹϵҲֻڽѵԷȴ˵Ծ¡
ʶһ㣬ŷɫغƽǸҹĻܲΪŷѾˡΪȴ飬ùŷ粻ˬ
һʥɽ𶯣ǿڼҵĶսǿҵĲϹŴּġ
ŷоһףһ壬뷢˱ʣƽˣǲǸͳܹϹŴĴڣһϹŴ
ʶһ㣬ŷһ䡣
Ǳһ壿ŷкһ
ŷĻһӵܻȻ֪ʲôʱЩæãȻ񣬶Ǹߵϣɻ
ҲƣΪʲôҪŷ֣Ҫ֪Թŷݣһ壬ǾԵĹ͡
ȴȺ˳֣ҶһģȻе㲻ͬѰ
ѵˣ뵽ղֲֿĲһĵӣɫѿ˼㡣
һľ֧£һ壬ϽеĵλһǧɣȻ壬ȴǳͨ衣
ʶһ㣬ǿߵ񣬶Щơ
Գϣ׷ʲô飿һʵԵϣ˻ɡ
ңŭ
Ǹĵӣȴ˿壬˵¹һİΣֻԼˣֵǣߣǳʲôˡ
ȻЩеźܸߣĻһ˵ŲˣתҪ뿪
վסԳϵݣǣȽŷɱָǣһŭ
ҾֵܾǣߡҲһţȻ鲻ԾȻһȺˣҪ뿪
Եһɫ֪ھԲЩ˽ʥɽУҵƽеļƻҪʧˡ
ʶһ㣬ֱӳֺ֣գֱӽЩһĵˡ
˺ȻҲ֣һ࣬һǿãʹԶо𾪡
ǿһû˺κˣȵԻ֣ŷ㵲ǰ棬ŷɫ䣬ڿһһ
϶û뵽һͻȻϧôԸһ壬㶼ɹģɡŷЦȻ֪ʲôĿģǶԷԽǲʲôʲô϶ûˡ


931 
ɨһЩһӵܣŷЦ˵ȥɣȥƽʲô顣
ŷĻǶʱ¶ɫûаǿߣ϶ԷϾǳϣлǷֹģǴʱйŷȻõˡ
Ȼǿղŵı֣ŷǱҲȥʵʵ̫ǿˡ
䣬ۼЩˣʥɽϣԾȻ뷢κսȻ˹ŷһۣתͷˡ
ԵΪŷһ£Ҫ׷ѰԷʱѾܵûӰˡ͵飬ûʲô쳣ĻԲ
ŷЦһ뽣Ƕһۣͬʱʥɽ˹ȥ
ڴʱһŭ𴫳ȥһֲӰֱʧһʥɽϡһŭһԡѪ˳֣Ǳƽ
˭Ҳû뵽һǿƵϹŴ񣬾Ȼ䵽һҵĵزѪҵ˼㡣

ܶһĵӣ̲ס󺰵ȻܹһµսǿͬһϹŴ񣬶ˡ
ƽͷɫЩοЦ˵ǵı֣ҶѾ֪ˣܺãһӵܡ
ƽĳޣȻе㺹գǻǷǳˡΪûп佱ˣǴϻΣͷһӡ
лø֡ƽŷϹ
̬ȣ˼㣬ƽ֪һε飬ǹŷͻȻ֣õһЩƻľΣˡΣˣһ嶼ҪΣա
ڹŷˣƽǳм
лңҰӦõģأŷʵûпɫЩѿʲô⡣
ŷĻƽɫ¶һĨȻЦһһԪ˳쳣Щͣʧȥǡ
ùŷһ£ӵֱ˵ˡ
뵽Լܵɵиȴûŷץˣ֪ڵӣҪʹˡ
ղǸģŷɫ
ɫдһĨʹȻ˵ͷΪϹŴȴδԼĶӣ˵һ޴Ĵ
ڵǳã˸ֶֽΣѾˡ
˭ŷʵ
棬ʥԺһ̡Ц
ŷһ㶣ʥԺȻҪǶ֣ЩҪ֪ʥԺȻǴչ˵˽ĸֶˣΪʵ̫ˡ
ΪʲôҪһ壿ŷЩɻ
֪ǹ棬;֮ˣйԹ벻ǺʥԺһ壬ǹ棬Ҫǡƽ
ʵŷ뷨ıϣҲΪʥԺ˳ֻ֣һС˵ԭ
Ȼ֪ΪԼԭ۵ŷȻԹۡ˵ͷȻ˵ƽİɣƣͽˣһ֮ڣһһĶӡ
ŷ˵ķǳţʵ
ڵĹŷ磬ʹص˺˵ܹ޸ҽ֮㺰ġų֮䣬ûβ˵ƣŷڷǳ仰ĺ塣
ģƽ
ŷͷЦ˵ѵ𣿡
ƽҡͷЦǣֻƣʵ̫ˣǴﵽ磬ΪĪ⣬ָܹ
뵽ʱƽЦһôҵģŷ紫У֮Ĺϵùŷڽҹ¹ŷҲ
ˣһײβҪʱҵǣĲ̫ס
İɣƶ˵СˣΨһҪ飬ҳ֣ϾָܹʹһϹŴһԲ򵥡ŷɫ΢΢ЩأĻ֣µģȻܹҳһϹŴ֣Ҳܹҳڶʱ鷳ϣ۵ˣŷԻεġ
øҪôʵЩ棬ӹŷºͻУȻ֪ŷ粻һϲ»СˣԷȻ˺ԼߵˣŷҪֻع
ȻֻŷЦκ֮󣬻ϺʥԺһϹŴѣΪԼ˲𣿡
ŷɫ䣬ϹŴȻǶ֣Ҳ㹻ĵǲ̫ļԷ
ԹŷŴϣ̤ʥԺȥѰһ
øҪȥʥԺƽɫȣ̲סʵ
ŷͷʱ¶һĨ𾪵ɫǸеı֡


932 ŷĴ
֪ԷǸطǿߣҪǸطŷ̫ˣľ
Ǹо뷨ŷ̲סһЦ̫ˣԸȥΪԯݺᣬҵͽܶںʥԺǵӦȻ¡
ŷ˵ƽȻˣҪԯݺŵչˣŷ϶÷ˮ𣬾ǹ棬Ϊ޵еϹŴ񣬿ҲԹŷ֡
ҳ֣ȴҳ֣ʱֱӸɵǸһŷк˸Ȼе㴵ţɣǺȻŷǾҪȥʥԺ
ʣʥԺԲ᲻ҪһʳܻصͬԴԯݺһ
ĵӣǺʥԺʦ׳ֶԸǣĻܵʥԺʡ
Ȼǵ֮һֹأȴһҪصġ
Թŷǽ˺ѧԺһɵûˣĹǹҪŷ綯֣ҲҪʺʥԺͬⲻ
ˣԾѪģҲһЩˣھѪźøСЩ˵ʱ򣬾ԻվڹŷһߣΪԽȥǡ
Ҷ˼͹淢ͻ϶ܲǣΪѧԺǳΪ˺ѧԺѧͲһˣ͹淢ͻĻ϶վһڽơ۾һ¶ϲɫ˵ĻҪˡ
ŷͷʵֻҪԸ棬ҪĻָĻܹһݡ
ϾĻֲҳĻŷ罫աһ棬ܸҶһ󴫳ж֣Ȼ̡
ãڻȽκðɡԼĶӣƽ¶һĨˣЩ˸е˵
ȻŷѾ˵ˣܹȻƽȴùǺŷҽҲô档
ϾʱֱˣֻʣһԪ֮ǣٻ˻
ŷ粻ܵ˺ҲܹƣԪϵ˺ȴδܹơ
ƽĲţŷʮ㡣
峤û°ɣһЩŵŮǱˣȣղҪɱŷ磬ʱȴţɫɷס
һۣƽ̾Ϣһ֪飬ûйϵֻǱˣҲͲͷˣȣǣǲǿġ
ƽĻȵ¶һĨЦĿһȻ˵ͷ
֪ԺҲˣֻҪܹ˵˵İǳ
֮ŷ֣ΪԸȣһιŷǰǰɣƽ׵ġһǲ֣ûлˡ
һŮˣƭˡ
ŷҲܹȵŮˣоֻһ̾һŮˣҲ䣬ϧϲŮ˲ɡ
ģҼȻ˵£Ͳ£û߰ɣҪʼˣƽһ¡ŷ絭˵
Ƕ뿪Ҳ뿪һ˲䣬ŷ罫Ԫֱӷ˵ϣȻŲ֪ķһ˾ûԪУԪۿɼٶȣʵ
һĻʹƽҲ̲סɴ۾
ҽֱƷ˼
һԪ񣬾͸ʵˣŷһȻ˵ͷԪ񣬵ݸƽ
İɣû飬һ̵ʱڣȻҪ֪ǸѾͷʱźءŷЦ˵
̬ɣƽ̾ŷٴɵʱƽʽһŹֵɫЩʵǸĵ˵һ̣ôͬ⽫ʥŮ
ʥŮû޵ʥŮպĵҪĸ£˺٣󲿷Ҳѡеˡ
ƽ⣬ŷ̲סٺһЦȻ˱Լȭͷ
ΰ£вƽ̲סɴ۾ŷʵȻǿ󣬵ǻûµĵزɣ
ҵввĵǲӦȴԼˡŷЦ˵
ԯĴƽʱˣֲöԷ˺˵ԭΪһ۷ս֡
ԯвԲͬһŻ¡˵һ޴Ŀ飬ȻŶԷһֱһĻѱʲô⡣
Ҫлԯս𡣡ƽл¹ضӵҸȻǳ⡣


933 ĵ
йŷı֤ƽǷˣҶ֪ŷҽ˵ԼаգͿ϶ܹ
Ȼе˼뵽ŷ˯۷սƶܹκãȻأҽ𣬵Ǻ˯ϵȣҲصȥԹŷȻ˵аգǿ϶аյġ
ŷפһʥɽеһǿߣԹŷϹϾϾŷݰأһһ
ûм죬һϷ򸾳ŷ
֪˵֮󣬹ŷһǲǱˣƽĸףǹŷĴ˸ķˡ
˽࣬˽壬ŷ絹֡
һ֮ˣ̫࣬ҷǳŹֵǣǶûֻڽ֮󣬻߳ɾϹŴ֮ӵԼĳƺš
൱ܹŷ˵֣ԭܲܽԼ󽫻ʥŮҲһں֮ԾԼҲ
ΪϹŴֻһԸߡ˭ҲһԷޣһϹŴĶӣѾ˵һС
ǰ췢Ǽ飬ڱչУĻֹܹһеķ
÷ģһ廹иֵģһһϵˣǻ˸Ҵ⣬һֱƷǣʲôƨĴУǷСĿܴ󣬲ЩνĴзУȻǵʮ㡣
й棬ҿ÷㲻ȥ鷳αؽʲôʥԺҵֱ֣Ǹ档̬ӣ۾Ȼ˸⣬ǿƵ˵ȻһϹŴС
ĵŷףǿǣûԼеô򵥣ƽ϶ΨһһϹŴ
ŷȴҡͷЦ˵⵹ǲãȻϹŴ񣬵ҲҽʥԺȻնʱ˲
евɣʲô飬ôýЩԥ˵
Ĺŷİοա
ŷЦ̬г˰֣ϹŴɱңô׵ġ
һ˿Դŷ絽ǿʲôزû֪Ȼ߽ףһսĲ߶ˡ
ףøһսǿᣬȻϹŴҪɱסƽ֪ʲôˣЦ˵ľ̾
һߴȥ㲻֪ùõҪøʲô⣬ǰƤɡЩƵ˵
ŷ֪ڵʲô˶һۣ̲סЦ˳ֻûЦΪ֪ԼɷĵĲǶģֻһˣ֪󽫵ǿơ
Ȼ󽫶һս֮µˣû˸䣬˼һ㶼Υ档
ʹȴ󽫣֣˵ϣ˾η
ŷǵĽͣЩĿɿڴǿƣû뵽ڹŷĸоУһرŮˣԼǧ˳ŷ綼ɹǲǴ˵еǸֲ󽫣޵ս
ڿǹ⣬ֻжԼᡣ
뵽ŷЩۡϽ磬ǿУһȺŮˣʱϽ磬ڴĻع顣
ŷеˡ
˾Լ飬Ĳ࣬뿪Ͻ磬صУϾڵʵǻת磬Ҳ޾κˣҽ֮ص飬Ҫǻع飬һǿս
ûж೤ʱ䣬㸴գŷ˻
ڵֶΣľˣϹŴûа취ƣܹκáŷƵʱҲã۲ԪĻָһЩȻ̫࣬վΪŲСĺô
գһ壬Թŷ˸мǵ峤ƽʱԴ˷ǳĺãܵҵİǳ⣬˶ܡ
үүĴӦҺɵĻ£Щʵ֮ǰһţȴûȷʵϢڹŷȻѾ˵ˣǶǰ˾Ųʮ
һֱԸʹΪ峤˵ôˡ
ѾӦˣ˺ܲˬҪõϿɣܹɽ顣˵ŷɫ΢΢ЩŹ֡
˭΢΢һ㶡
ӲԶһӰڽսףս졣
˲Ǳˣǽӡ飬ȻѾ£лЩĽᣬԲŻһս


934 ְֻܽ
Цãҡͷ˵ҲĶ֡Ÿոջָʱʵ͵˽ףѾ߾ĽӡĶ֡
ҲԸ߾۸㣬ͬսӡ˵ƽ
˫ӡԼΪѹ˽׵ʱȻƽ
ȻӡѾˣȻӦҲһ콾Ȼܺ͹ŷı̬ȣԽӡȻһĵġ
ʥɽϵ廹йŷͽǣ׼һս
콾֮棬ǺпͷġϾһĴӣһһ峤˶δ
ӡδ֣һ⣬ȴֲ˼㡣
ֶɢһְϣеһ𲻿սʤһ
ɱ
ȳ֣һӰûһֱӳ¡
ӡ֣죬˺Ѳ죬ײһ໥һΧգһɱ⣬ȥ
ɫȣ˫ӡ𶯣ǰմ𣬽еɱⶼ飬ǿƵĲˡ
һ֣Եޱȵļң˶ʹǿֶΣ֮
ű䡣
Хһͷ޴Ȼ󸩳¡Ϣһ۷״̬
졣
ӡҲ𣬳գһУ޴Ľͬɽһ㣬ײһ
һȻûʲôһٴγ죬Ȼ󸩳ŷ緢֣ɫ壬ʱȻɫǻһͷеϢȴǿ󣬳˸ղš
ű䣬һһ졣ʽ͡
һǿһսһףֱű֮սűȻͬ׸֣Ҳֻбɱķݡ
ʵĽͣŷ𺳣Ȼֲˡ
ӡɫأ˫ֽӡͬʹ˿ֲԼʵ
תû뵽ӡȻѧĹŷȫűǿʸ̾
תֱ֪Ǻűһת֮ɱͬף˶ʹȻûֵĴ㡣
ǶرҪܶԷ֤ԼʵٽӡбһıԼϲŮ˶ߡ
ڳУʼͣײʩչϵϢѾȫԽ׶ܹӵеսˡ
ùŷüǣ϶ƣֺתƣȻʩչ˵Ҳһ־޴ġ
δˣ˼
ŷһ˲쵰뷨ˣƽʱԲʩչͷΪܻᶯҡǵıԴΪԽ
ڹŷǾͲˣֻҪǲԹŷҽҪǣǳ򵥣õĻʲôõӰ졣
ͷ˴Ƿǳʹ졣
ڹŷ磬ʶһ֮ˣĵԼǵҽءŷںڵɫڳҲ͵ЦǶһˣȻܿ㶴Ϥ˵뷨
ˡŷ罫Լָͷž졣
ɡ
ƽɫҲ̫ÿе㲻Լ嵱£ŷȻҽͨ죬ǱԴˣܹ޸Ҳվǲ̫õġ
Թŷһ˵Լˣƽֱӵͷ
СӣǸ鷳Ҳ鷳ŷͻȻһȻ
һֻһֱץסˣȻݺݵײһ
ҽдͽӡֱˡ
Ǵʱڵڰ˱״̬ʵǿ󣬸߶ǣҪޡʱʱڹŷУȴֽͬһƿУȻײһ
ͽӡȴͳ岻
Ƕһֱۣӷھת˵ѣϢȴӿֲˣ쳤Х磬ǹᴩãã棬ֲҪŷ𿪡
Ǽ侪˵һĻϹ⻪죬ʱ˿ȫԽߡ
ǿ󣬲ɵֿȻǸߣĸо
ǴʱŷȴɫֺֻգֱӽӳʮݺݵҽһɽС
ŷһ̤ٴν˾нȻӽУҽµ˼㣬ܹٻ
˶Ŀɿڴŷ𺳡ʹűʵԽߣڹŷУȴһ㻹֮ûСӡҲһͬһ㻹ֵûУǶڻɣŷ絽ǲ߽ףôǿ˶Щɡ
Ӱҡҡλδӵص׳ǻҽҽϴһ裬ϻµѺۣʱڵѪǱ˼㡣


935 
ŷЦʵ𣿡
ƤЦⲻЦӣֲܿͽӡӣǳײ˵ˡ
֪ŷеˣϾôʵе㲻ϧԼ壬һ鷳ŷ硣
ⱾǲҪе鷳ŷȻ
档Щ˵
Թŷ磬ӵ㣬Ϊǹŷӱˣҹϵܽ
ӡأŷЦ
ӡҡͷʾ档ǺˬǱŰͲˬˣرǺ͹ŷļһֱǴⱻŰġ
ٴһģȻ˵ˬǾ˰ɣϽȥãٱһŷЦ˵Ƶ
ͽӡȴɵˣŷ˼ǲơϵƣҪԼΪ޸ûиǧ꣬Ǹܵġ
뵽ͬʱɥ
ʦ棬֪ˣ㲻ҪҰ
үү֪ҸղĲԣԭҰɡ
˲ҽţĵˣ֪ŷ£Ҫʲô˵ĿĲƣľҪˡ
ǧ꣬ǻᱻͬԶԶ׿ʱгһΪ˷̵ϱ콾ε˼㣬ߵҪܱ۹⣬뵽̲סһս飬Բ
ǶԵġŷ棬ɵˡ
һ͵ЦԹ壬֪ŷڶˣ˭øղһһ㶼֮塣
βˣŷ絹ǲ⣬⽫ԼڻȥƣŷЩˬˡ
ˣ˲ҪﶪˣøǶǵġƽ̲סҡҡͷԼôһɵӡ
࣬˿ƽǳˬȻԹôһɵӣʵ̫Ƕˡ
ܵԼĸƽЩۡ
ģ۾һ
ӡҲһղıŷĻŵˡ
ŷ̲סһۣתߣɵ˵ûԼ̣ٽӴıȽϺá
ҲɵֱӾ׷ȥ
ŷ֣ǵκãȴˣ׼㶯صʱ
ϾŷҲұ֤Լһֱܹߣһ޸˺˵δһǳ顣
Ȼףǵͷʾס˹ŷĻ
һ壬׼ʮ죬ŷһ·ƽҲȥˣһ֮Ȼҵ
ϹŴ棬ϹŷϹŴȴǿ׵ĴڣȻû˸Ƕ֣Ǹ·ٶȣҲӵĿˡ
ֻһ£Ǳϵ
ѾõϢʱѾ׼ӭһĳԱǿƴ֮ǳɹϽ綼Ҫ
һȻֻƽһϹŴ񣬵ҪˣһϽ壬֦ͬķʲô飬ԱӲ
һһʵϵӰʵǷǳģӵеʵԺ߳Ĳഫ
ҵʹߵĹ
ŷǾԵǡʹԯɷҲĳݣ˵Դ
Ĵ£ɳ֣ʱɫ΢΢
д󼱣ԯѾһˡ
뵽йŷԲŷġ
ڼһֱĵڷˣɿУǰ⡣
̫࣬Ǹûа취һ𣬿εĸо
ŷںô࣬һ§סԯȻЦ˵̸š
Ȼŷ뿪ˣŷ磬࣬һЩЦá
ҪʥԺԯɫ΢΢Щȡ
ŷͷȻɫЩ˵Ǹ棬Ȼڹһʱѡ̫׼ˣҲµĲĻӦԸңֻû뵽ǣԸ͵סңԲƻǵļƻ
ðɣҲ㣬֪Ҫ棬һҳĻ֣һԤУǽʥԺУ»Ͻ磬һԯЦ˵
ΪʲôŷЩ⡣
֪ʥԺһֱأһֱȥˣ϶ᷢһЩΪ֪ĶʱȻһ
ֱŷԯĻûиоЦȫˣʱǿߵֱ۾ĶҪʵ


936 ߱ս
ԯĴһǣŷüͷǣܹʥԺ֪ǿ϶콾ֻҪǱܹĻʥԺҲֵ̫Ǯ˰ɡ
ŷϣԯЦ˵ģֻҪʵԽʥԺ
ǲ±˶ϤǵһЩܣŷ羪ȡ
ԯ΢΢һЦʥԺʵͷѧУֻ࣬ѧýѧʲôģǻѧṩ޾Դںܶʿ˵صģֿ˵ûܵģһЩĲΪ֪ĸ֮⣬ʥԺûʲôܡ
ŷԯ˼˵Ǽûܣͱʾʵһܵģֻˣʶ
ˡŷͷ
ٯٯܿ죬գ㱻ˡ
һɱϢǵСԺӣϹŴϢǿ󵽾ߣ˲
ŷüͷһ壬վ⴩Խռ䣬һɫŮˣ׷գһɱʣ֮
һ̤СԺ棬ĿֱֱĶŹŷ硣
˭ŷü˾衣
һǿϹŴʵܻԯ֮ϣڶԷϣܵһɺΣյϢ
СŮӿڣѪ˸ʬɽѪľ󱬷һʵĵ˾
һɱ˿ϹŴɱеٮٮߣ򲻻ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳʶ㣬һϹŴ֣ÿɳ𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
ԯûзӦŷбˣ˾Բǵˣ벻֪ʲôϵļһԼˬҪѵԼһ١
̫ţǿߣǱܶսҲʲô˵顣
ŮɫˣɭȻĿⶢڹŷϣһ̲ס˺˼
Լľ̾Ů𾪣ʵ̫ǿˣԲǿߣӦߵϹŴ۷徳磬ˡ
ǿߣŷˡ
ֲʲôУαȥŰ
ȹսνһ˽ܣû뵽ﾹȻ˲ã˲ݡŮ˵û߳ŭ̡֣
ŷһŮ˾Ȼʶսȣ͹ս֮䣬ʲôϵԼȵĺ֪Ҳ˵
ԭʼҲһ֣뵽ŷ¶һĨЦ
ԯԹŷֱ̫˽ˣЦʱ׹ŷһЩʲôЦãڹŷᴸһ£Ȼ󿪿ڵϹʲôأλ߱棬һҪһûʸŵʦ
߱档֣ŷ羪һ¡һ쳣ǿƵϹŴͬϹŴǾԵٮٮߡ˵ҪΪͽܣžܾΪԼԭ
ʶһ㣬ŷ֪һսԱˡһϹŴҪͽȻܾˣһΪһ˵ԭǸ˲񾳽磬λƽ⡣ҹŷ߱ĻУһ˼Լ֮йһЩǣ
ʵŵʦνˣֻѾͷŻǿģҪܹͽܣҡŷЦ˵
ǲսϾԷϹŴǶԷĶ֡
һս
߱浭˵ƽһ˫Įӣӱˡ
ùŷЩŭˬ˵ԴСˬǲǣȷʵеŭˣһϹŴ񣬷ҪԼսⲻ۸浱ӣܺ۸ǲǡ
ս˵żҴˣηκβǿߵսѵǹżҴˣ߱ɫм
Ҫһսŷ粻ˬˡ
һսǽС߱ȻΪŮӣǴʱϢȴ£һֳİ
Ȼһսֺηǳȥŷ糹ױŭһֱ̤ϡ
߱΢΢Щ⣬ֻǿһԯ죬˵ͷȻ̤ͬ񷡣
绪ȴѪ⣬޾Ϣɢ硣˶ˡ
ǿ߳ŷֹŷ߱š
һ󷢴ô£ҲصʥԺ˻ʱӦ߱͹ŷϢʱ֪ʲô顣
Ҫȥֹ֮ȴԯһס
ûµģİɣ߱治˺ʦġһסţԯЦ˵
ʦֶŮͷİɣǸ߱ȻҴҲ˵ġţҲˣ²ȻҲ߾磬Ҳθһ㡣


937 ߱
ʱţǣ˲٣Ҳеôˡϲţûôǳˡ
νı֣̫⣬ãһΣ໥ϲʹͬҲûʲôá
µʱ䣬ţǳˣΨһģǶԹŷäĿġȻŷϹŴҲδػĺѿܹݶˡ
㵹ǶġԯЦ˵
ţǺٺһЦǣҲ˭Ĵ硣
ϣ˶šŷϽɣһֽɫ̫ء
߱Ѫ˸ʬɽѪ֣һͣĵޱ߶ҺЩնɱǿߡ
ˡ
ŷȳˣ֪ԷϹŴɶԷȶ֣϶ܵĺѿԹŷȶ֡
һָֻǶأգ߱·Ҫѹ
߱һоһ裬ǿ߶Դʱŷ羹ȻԴԼ
ָһѪ⣬ŷĴײһ
˲䣬һɾ˵ľ촫ŷĴֳһѪۣǲδٵǿ󵽿ƲĵزʹϹŴҲݿࡣ
á
ŷ糤Хüڷ⣬罣γɣֱն˳ȥ
߱ɫĮһŷ罣ײһǿ罣ɣȻû˹ŷüġ
١
߱Цһгֱͣӽŷֽȥ
Ѫ죬ʬǳɽǿħʬУʱȫչŷ緢
ŷ絭һЦţУֻظ֣Ȼ꾭ͣ𶯣ȻЩħ顣
Ƭħʬʧ߱ɫ΢䣬û뵽ŷ羹ȻӵжȻ꾭µĶ
ֻأڹźǿɱԣǼ϶Ȼ꾭ֱǿֲġһʱ䣬𣬱߱ջ
̤նУԳ֣Ҫѹŷ硣
ϹŴѹһУ鶼Ҫס
ŷɫ΢䣬⣬ͷŲĹԣǿ̺޾һȭǬתϴǶҪһ
߱ͬһȭСȭͷŷȭͷײһ𣬹ŷɳȥϳһѪۡ
˫ǵϲϹŴȣȻսҲǵ֡
ŷ类һȭɣȴδȴһ⣬ֱӳɱ˻ȥħ֣նأ߱ɱȥ
߱գֱӽŷˣһ˿ѪϻƽѪҺͣĵΧԵʥޱȡ
ˡ߱浭˵һ˿ʧǶԹŷı֣оܲӡ
ŷֱҧһϹŴ񣬺Լһ߽׵ʿ֣Ȼ˵Լˣ̫Ҫˡ
˵ŷֱʹýԼʵһ˲䣬Ϣ޽ӽϹŴ
ֻرһ̣ʵĴ縡֣ɢſֲΰ߱С
䡣
籬ȫ߱վĵطһƬ硣
Ѫĳ߱˲С鷳ʱڼ
һй󣬹ŷٴζýԼʵüĵ罣⣬ȸղǿֱֹն˳ȥ
̵Ͻ磬նһֲĺۼ緭ȫ顣
罣ûֻУ߱ն䡣
䡣
һ죬ֻ罣ȫ飬ŷһѪԵˡ
ɢȥһŮ˳֣Ȼ绪ֻǴʱ΢΢ЩǱ˷֣ϣһѪȻŷĹ˵߱档
˶𾪣Ҫ֪߱棬ɲһϹŴϹŴУ޵еĴڣʱŷһսȴˣȾѪȻشŷԺˡϾ߽ףǱ־ʱϹŴʵͬһ㣬޷
ŷȴɱ˶Էһ־˵ս
ڻеս˵ӡ߱浭˵޻Ǳ͡
ٴγ֣һָֻŷС
ʩչνȻŷ磬ҲѾƣߣʱԵס߱档
ޱȣ޾Ĵضڱ飬ŷ쳤ХȻϹŴҲԸͷ
ʮǳĹâŷɽڡ
ǿڿٵĻָѪҺڣƽʥȣǻѪܵŷĲʣͷǿǱܡ
䡣
ŷϱֲϢȸղŸǿƣƽ⣬ڤ


938 һֶϻ߱
Ѫգŷһ˻ʽϽУ֮Ƶ֮
ĻѪ߱澪̾Ȼо𾪣Ѫ̺޾ǱܣǼܹһ޵硣
ʲҪģֻƾʵĻҪŵʦȻʸ񡣡߱Į˵Źŷ磬Ӳһ顣
ŷĬֱ֣ɱ˹
֣ɱ߱档ɢŰϢ߱浯ָ񣬽ضϡ
ֶֻΣǼֱ̫ʧˡ߱浭˵
ŷЦŶԷԸҪ㣬ϹŴҲδؾ޵С
ͻȻŨƺƵǴ֮ϣһƿ־ĸо
顣
ŷȣŴͨһֶϻꡣ
𶯣˺ȻУ߱壬ͻȻֿµѪۣͬһ㣬һѡ
𡣡
ŷٴδȣ¡¡
߱飬Ԫڰ
˶ʲôͨһɱ߱ǿߣҪ֪ŷ粻߽ףսҲʵֲ̫˰ɡ
ʲô߱Ԫ𶯣壬ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȻǸղܵ˲Ĵˡ
ŴͨһֶϻꡣŷУ˵𰸡
ţһİĳƺڳ˼ûֻ߱¶һĨݣȻǸӵˣµĵͳ
ŷͷûзϣе⣬û뵽߱澹Ȼ֪ŵĴڣһ֪ӡ
Ȼˣʥ֮޵УΪһ㣬˵ܹɱҡ߱̾ս⣬ûٳֵĴˡ
սһʵѾϿɹŷǱˣһ콾ӵлѪһ񾳽磬ܹϹŴ񣬿Ƹܹȡ
ˣŵʦһ㶼ίţŵңһܹǿߣŽҲ̫ࡣ
ʥ֮ŷЩ⡣
Ϊʥˣһ棬ĴͣϧԸⳤѾˡ߱Щ̾Ϊǻ۵ˣȴһУռ𣬲ˡ
һϹŴƳ磬˶̾ϸղŹŷʩչĸͨǶܹ󵽣νĿӣ±ϹŴҪֲĶ࣬пǿߣҿԼ
˹ŷһۣ߱˵һֶϻ꣬ȻɱϹŴȴܣҪУܹвϹŴڴ֮ǰҪ̫ڸߵ
ŷͷִʱ߱濴ԼЩͬһڿһһЩȣѵ߱ĺԼʼ棬йʲôǣɣ
ŷȫһ㣬ϾʹûмսŷҲܹ³ǿ˽ܣˣԣһ
˰սŷУһѱס߱ĸ첲Щ˵棬Ҫ۸ʦˡ
ĻȻ̲߱סЦŮУԼûйŷҪġ
ʵԹŷڵľ磬߱ӲƴȻ߱棬Ҳδܹ
ʵ̫ˣƲࡣֻǵв㣬ԲŲ߱ϹŴĶ֡
ȻˣһֶϻҲܹشϹŴڵĹŷ磬˵ֻҪ߼ΪǿƵϹŴ㲻ܵв
˶ȥڳˣо۽磬ֲŴ̬ͨŷ磬ܹвϹŴǸо𾪵ͬʱһ˿ĽڴԼĳһ죬ҲΪĴڡ
ǻصԯСԺ棬λϹŴڣ뽣ӡǣŤտһˣ뿪ˡ
ţǣԵúء
ŷ翴һۣ΢΢Щ⣬Сʲôʱôʵˡ
ŷ磬ղŵ飬㲻÷ϣ֮̽㣬Ϊŵԭ򣬻бҪһԹս˵ʵȻûʧ߱浭˵
ǰоɣŷѾĲ²⣬Ǵʱ߱еõ֤ʵ̲סЩԾ
֣żϽУȻһʿԣǸ־Ĵڣȴ󲿷ֶ֪żҵĴڡ
Ҷڹżңһľη֮ģΪżϽıʵ̫ˡ
սǽݽܡ߱³һϢùŷɴ۾ֲ߱Լһ㲻ͬǳȻǹս㡣


939 ʥԺʮ
ʼսʲôˣŷʵֻŹսԹս˵˽⣬֪սʲôˡ
ŷ뵽սΪǿƵ콾֮һĴ˵ʵ̫ˣ֮ǰɼս
Ҳ֪߱ЦЩ㯡
ֻ֪һ콾بδе˽ܣҴûмܳˣڸ߾磬ɱϹŴͬʱ۷սĺϻ֮£ɹȥ߱˵һ£˶̲סվ
ϹŴվϣŷȻܹϹŴҲУϹŴһսûΪܹɱϹŴ
һԿԽϣӵһֶϻŴͨҲһ
ǹսȴˣԸ߾磬ɱϹŴսʵֲ̫ˡ
֪ϾȻ˸˽ܡǾ̾
ǰһ̽İɣŷѯʡ
ҲˣϹŴж޵еĸǿߣ˵ֻΪΪͽ̽Լ϶е˵ȥ
һʥԺ߱˵ùŷԯ
ŷͼϣŷ籾ʥԺ
ʥԺˡŷЦ˵
߱ͷʹĳˣɫЩã߱˵ǲҺʥԺĹأҲֻǽڣѧĸɣһɣǲõǽǡ
߱仰˵ɫźÿһЩ
ΪԯĹϵŷѾǿĳԱȻùŷ뿪δ̣ԯһǷԸ⣬Ƕһ
ʵұҲҪȥʥԺҶԺʥԺеһЩܣȤŷ綢߱棬Ҫɫ䡣
߱ҡͷʥԺûܡ
ƽǸûʶŷ˼شŷ硣
ѵʥԺľͬ򵥣˶е㲻š
ϾʥԺʷʵ̫ƾˣ׷ݵϽոտٵʱ䣬˵ûʲôܵĻһ˶š
ŷǵɫ߱Ȼ֪ʲô߱ҡͷҲʲôܣҲ֪ʥԺ˵֪Ҳͺ֪һ
֪ò߱档߱ҲûбҪƭǡ
ðɣ͵ʥԺûܣҽʥԺ˭ҵʦŷЦʣپ⣬˺ʥԺһжܹϤʱʥԺûʲôܣס
ϹŴ񣬶ʦʣʥԺû˭ܹʦ߱˵һЩ
Ҫ֪ʥԺһЩִģǽԪ𡣬ʱʥԺ󣬱ִ
û뵽ŷҲһǶǱĿ϶
˶ŷľ޳̶ȣԲԪӵлѪĻߣעҪΪ
ִŷԼ°͡
˻赹ִֹǲǸһϹŴִǿ¶ԸʥԺС
ΪԺʥԺеϹŴʦѧϰһϵĻԵӡ֤ǵĵԸĽ
ȻִҲģѧԺʮǿߵ֣ܹӵ١߱浭˵
ҷ
ŷֱȨʲôЦǺǺʥԺʮǿߣбȻԯݺţ˵ʵǹŷڵʵǿҲδظ˵ʤǣο֣Щ˾ǱҲȥ
ʮֲźݺᣬȷҪ߱浭˵
ǲܵģǷɡŷٺЦһ޳ܵӣ˿Цá
߱棬Ҳ̲ס¶һĨЦݣȻǱŷ綺ˡ
ˣȻѾˣ·ǰʥԺ߱˵ͷʧԺ档
ŷӣʥԺʮ֣ҪŰˣлЦ뵽
ʦ㱻ˡһߵͻȻڡ
ŷһ㶣Щ⡣
ʥԺʮ֣ȫڽͻƵ߾磬˵ҪԵģʮͽ߾콾ǱҺݺʦ壬˶١ѵ
˻һŷɫʮԯݺ˶ٵ콾ŷоԼ鷳ˡ
̫ҡŷ޺޵˵ǰˣֱ˵̫ţ͵Ц
ڹŷ磬Ʋѣ¶ͷ۵ɫ


940 ̫
͵Цȴ˵ʦʵҵǾãܹЩʮ֣֮Ҳ죬Ҳݺʦ°ܽ
ǸʱûͻƵ߾ءŷЩᣬܹʥԺеţһˣǶϽ콾ʵ
ĴڣȻԯݺᣬǶ볬Խһ콾
˵һսսܣҳԼԶĶ֡˵
ʣΪݻߵһˣȻǽǣʣҪף˶Ķ֣ɴ˿ɼжô
ȻԯݺУҲֻΪԯݺ̫̬ˡΪϲģʵϺκȣ춼һţܹų콾ͬˣһֲֿս
ҲСϾǺʥԺţ붼й֮ʹ㣬ʮ֣Ĳ̫˵Ҳ˵ŷ硣
ҵǾãԹøʵЩ˸ͲǹøĶ֡Թŷʮ㣬Źŷս
ŷ̲סһۣԼʵȻҪǴʮ콾֣ǲֹ۵ġ
ˣһһսܣҲֻǲܵѣǺʥԺܹȥġŷֱ׿£ѵ˿Цá
ҲףֻǹŷѣһûУܹԼʵ
й˼ɣˡ
⼸գ֣Ǿж
Ͻ𶯣һδһ飬־ǿƵĴУһ
Ժ˭ҪһҪǵһӰǼ޴ģúܶܵ
ҲЩǰףأǿ߲ϹŴ֣գ콵ӭǵĵ
ŷ𺳣⼸գ̫ǿߣ߸ʲôϹŴ۷ս𣬱˶ʮһ̰˷ǺӶΧתһɹʥϢ硣
ЩǵپߵǿߣȻֻжʮ𣬵㹻ˣҪ֪ƽʱϹŴҪһѣȴô࣬һʢ¡
ʥŮһǸӡ
ŷԯ첢һɾ£˶̾
Ҳвˣŷг˳ļʣ̰ԯɨȴҲֻѹԼͷ
ǹŷ磿һ˹ۣԵ÷ǳϣһϢ磬Ȼһߡ
ŷ緢֣һ콾ĸߣǿ
˵ͷŷƽǳǿƵ꣬Ҫ֪ԷҪʲô
ͬУսϹŴ֮޵УԼһսԷڣɫ߰ᵽŷս޵еʱɫг˲мȻǲš
ûȤŷֱӾֲܾʲôսˣȫûбҪӦĵս
ԷӮͷӮȴʲôûУɵ£ŷȻȥ
ŷܾ¶һĨЦݣû뵽Ĺŷ磬Ȼһηսųԯսҿ㻹һɣ䲻㡣

Ļ䣬ԯͱˣһһըԪֿµƣһȥ
ȻΪߣ۷սǰȴûκεֿ
죬ԯ˽̫ӣкϷˡ˷һ¶ֻɫ
Ǹ꾹Ȼǽ̫ӣҪˣͣû뵽Ȼ˸ĶӣȻԯ죬¶Ҫд鷳Ҳ˸̾ԯ񣬳ͬ顣
ȻԯϽսȻϾֻһ½۷ս𣬶ƵϹŴ˴˵Ѿ̤㵽磬ֻһȥܹΪ޵е
ۣܶԯ죬ΪҪд鷳
λ棬ҲҪӣԯе̫ˡ
˸ҶӣһһӣۣһֲϢȫˣܲסϹŴϡ
ֻйŷԯվԭأɫƽȻûнϷС
ǣĿһ
Ȼϳŷԯ죬û뵽ԼǵˣȻˣýЩΪѡ
ǱˣֱӴɱ˱ǣǹŷԯȴһǶˣǣʵ̫ˡ
׷ʲô飿ԼĶӵԪץϣֱΪȻʵ
̬ϣһǣη˿


941 ս
̫Ӳѣղŵ˵һ顣
̫ӵһ۲ȻͻȻ˽̫һƣԶ
ĿתŷˣҶӸղųԲѷѾֽѵˣϣλһ
ԵúǿƣΪһ޵еϹŴûбҪ̫ڼɵʲôȻȻˡ
ԼӹȻдǲǴȴԯһٵԪ񣬶Էʵ̫ˡ
Ҫʲôŷü
ҶҲ֣һɡ˵̫谮ĶӣȻμֶ磬š
Ȼ֪˺˹ŷԯ죬һĹϵҲ͵ΪֹˣǽǿˣԼҪ
ҵģԹñˡԯ쵭˵ŷ磬̡ԲŻĳ֣̫ӵ顣
ǹ˼ɵԷǿˣֱɱ˶пܵġ
¶һĨЦ˵ǵǲҲ˵ҵģ
ɫЩᣬȻǶŭ
ŷԯ˾裬һϹŴ񣬾вǵʵ
ϢŭºΪ󡣡֣Ц˵
μĶ磬ǶȴˣѵҪһ𣿡תû̶֣Ǳʵ
Цŷ˸Լ鷳ȴ˵ѣп϶ʲôᣬȲҪֺòá
ԣȸҶӵǸȻ˵ǳǿơ
̫ɫȻŹŷˣһ߰ӣùŷЩЦãļһȻܹİһҲһˡ
ԯȻؾ
ŷһ۲䣬ôܵǸҶԷϹŴ񣬵ҪʤȴҲδأԯ͹ŷ֣ذܡ
ǱֻԼˡɱ
һĻЦ֪ԼȰסˣҲ
ҪڻǲŽɣ̽ʵûָ˭ġ
˫Ǿ¿һ˭ҲȰ
ȻԯͬʱһȻͬ⡣ɶ˵ˣվһߡ
㵽ֹҪ˺֣ԯһۣȻ˵
˶ͷûȥǾ˵׼ˡ
ǿЦʱҲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ȥϴ򡣡ŷ˵
ҲҪȥ˶Щ⣬˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ뵽ϹŴ֮սС
Ҫ֪ڲ߽ףȻս˵кǿ󣬵ôҲܺϹŴսУŷֱ
ܶŷ񣬼ֱڿһһֻĳԱһˣ֪ŷ粢㹻ĵ
߱һս߱棬սвһϹŴˡԯһ۷ս𣬽սʤϣǳС
Ȼǲ֪Ǿùŷ
˳ϣǶţϱֲϢ硣
ɣһ̫վ֮ϣݣַһֲֿ
ԯŷһۣǶԷеأĺǿ󣬲ĻԲ߱档
һ쳣ǿĶ֣֣
ٸһλᣬһұǡڣ񷡣
ݣǿƵ˼㡣
ԯֱӣһƺǳըˣеĳһֻǺƣֱӺɱķԶ
ͬʱŷü罣ڷ⣬ն˳ȥڽϣһѪۡȻδشվ˺ˡ
˶𺳣ŷս̫ǿˣȻ˵˽һı֣ˡ
ŭû뵽ԼȻһˣһֳ衣
һȭ˹ȥʮյգһִѹ£̺޾ΰ
ŷ糤ХʩչԼķȻֱٻħһִպ顣
Ҳԣһˤ
վŷ絲ס˽Ĺ˶𾪣ŷ羹ȻܹסϹŴĹˡ
ˡŷһЦе̡
ʣµľִգԯ飬վһ˫
ĮעˣȴòϣԼС˹ŷˣвԼ


942 ܽ
ԯ˫ݻһ̺ͣ޾ΰսoХȫ˳
䣡
գȫը飬˺ɳȥȾѪȻܵһ˺
ֱ̫̫ͨ죬
Ͻ֮УǳϹŴ񶼿ƿأֻ̫Ǻ̫ǣ޷ƿأبűڵĴǣ̺޾ΰ
ԯüͷһ壬ܵв̫ǿڽĴ߶£ǿԷٻ
ŷһХƵһ𡣡
̫˲Ϩδڹһ
顣
ŷȣͬһߣһлýɫϳֿµơ
˶ȻȻʶһֶϻͨˣʱҲ̲ס𾪣̫ͨǿˡ
𡣡
ŷٴδȣֱӱ飬Ԫ񶼳ˡ
¶˼ɫԪ죬ŷһֶϻ꣬Ȼܹ˺վɱֻǴˡ
ʱԯȴˣֱӳ˳ȥֺգֱ棬޾Ȼýɫ
һ۷ս𣬶սȻҲ̫ԶֱӻԪϣ
ҹȥ
Ԫ񼫶ȱܵв
˶ɴ۾˭Ҳû뵽ᷢչһ޵еĽˣп
ڽ̫ӣǻں޵˼㣬ԼûȥǹŷʲôȴԼҪˡ

ŷȣϵ汻סȻֻǶ̶̵һ˲䣬ҲѾ㹻ˣԯһֻֽԪУֱѹ
ʱ򣬹ŷ徹ȻֿµƣȻһѪɫ԰ס
ôˣԯһ
ŷһ˷ûڣɫźÿ˲١
ȱﲻԲһֶϻ̫ͨ죬ÿʹʹΣΣܵɡŷü˵
һιŷ߱һսΣû£һȴﵽΣܵͨɡ
ԭˣԯһֻҪŷû¾ͺãһֶϻֻʹΣ̫⣬̫ͨˣֻҪŷ羳ﵽһֿɺһϹŴ
ҵĸס̫ӷ˹
ŷͷԷ㸸ף
ʲô̫סˣԯģԥĵͷɱҰɡ
˹ڳ˶̲ס̫̾Ȼǣǻ壬ΪԼĸףԸԼ
ŷ磬Щ⣬˵ͷģղ˵ҿ϶ɱ㣬֮ˣҲûʲôãֵ㸸Ϊ㣬˽ǰɡ
ŷĻԯԥԪ˳
۳壬Ȼǰ죬ֻŷ˵񣬴һ˿̾
һ˻ˣˣŲࡣĿתԼĶӣȻ̫竣ǾƾղŶԼ飬ԸΪԼȥȻ谮
лλ
̫ӹ֣ŷ񡣴ʱȻ䣬ȫû֮ǰź͸߰һ˲䷢ɱ䣬˲١
ղһжֻһᣬǰֵ̫ܲҪ⡣ŷ繰֣ѾǰˣɱԷܹһѣձضһݵĶֺá
ԹŷŻŵҲΪӽ̫ϣ֣Է̰СˣǶȻ˵ġ
ѣҪСƽϣǺȾȥߣһ
˴Цȥһ㶼ΪղŵͻղȻսˣ˵ǿֻ˵ŷʵ̫ǿˣǿĽǹŷ˵Ķ֡
̫ӣŷǴ˸кҲ뿪ˡ
Ǵʱ̫ӣʧȥ֮ǰḡóޱȣýο
һᣬӱһֵáЦһ㶼Լղűˡ
вϹŴ񣬽Ŀŷ磬У¼ɵҲУɱġ
ڳȻĿˣδضǺһģŷǿ󣬲жɱŵĴ㡣
һٻӰ֣߱ɢѪ⣬˹ŷһۣ˵󡣡
ŷʵԯ߱òо
Ҫɱŵģǵһŷ羹Ȼ߱濴ˣڳˣ˭鷳ǻˣԼҲʹ졣
߱ϹŴҲ޵елɱϹŴս


943 
ֻмǿϹŴֻǼɵ߱棬ȴ̫η壬вûзɱŷĴ㡣
ЩţǱȻҪɱģȻҪ𣬾ֲ̫ˡ
ֵЦǵĿɨһЩˣ¶ɫڳϹŴ໥֮ӦǳȻܹоһЩ˵뷨
ŷ缴ҺʥԺЩĵĵѣ벻ҪΪС߱ƤӶ̧ȴ³һϡ
ʥԺ˭ҶɱţûһĴУܹʥԺĴڣκһжС
ڼΪ˫ļҳҲʵƿߣ˵Ĺݡ
ڹŷ磬ԯСԺ档
㣬һȥʥԺ𣿡ŷʵдһĨΡ
ԯ΢΢ҡͷҪУҲ֪Ҫд鷢ұУ滷Ҫڲпһ򱶣Ҫʵ
ʲôŷ𾪣Ҫʲô飬滷ڲпһ򱶣Щ
Щ˸߸ϣΪԼƿز棬ŵĶңӱܲˣֻԡԯɫ΢΢ء
ЩˣŷһЩ˭
ѯʵԯ죬ԯȴҡͷʾԼ֪
ʮ꣬ȴĪӦ֪ԯͻȻ˵صĻ
ŷͷȻ֪ʵ󲿷գԸ˾Щ˼
ϾﵽǸˣνŲ𣬸οǳʮָȻǵʵϽһħҲ٣ӦģȴΪԭȻͬѰ
ʲôĻŷʵ
ԯҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ǺнѣһȺڣϳ۷һ֣̳ɱִڡ
ɱǸŷ𾪡
֪޵УҲеУӦ仰߸ϵĻ߶еУοԯ̾
еУŷһѵɱЩǿߣǻ߳ˣĻߣ˺αȥɱ㹻ǿֻҪ֣
Щ飬ܹ֪ĶȻ֪Ҳ̫࣬˵йءԯ˵ҡҡͷܾ鲻ô򵥡
һڣӦб䣬кúȥҪ磬ұ̵ʱڣΪԯ쿴һȻ󿪿ڣ¶һĨᶨɫ
ŷͷԯ챧ýģȴһҪԼʵ
һ£Ȼ飬ʱҲľƣĸоŷԯ쵹ڣһٯٯûµʱ۵ǵΪ
ԯףԼС˹ŷ硣ŷȻΪߣǶڵ⣬ȴѾԽ˸ߣĳЩ棬ϹŴҪɫ
ʱҲ۵ŲСΪӵĸˡڹŷ磬Ȼ߽ףȴú䣬˾վһħɽһء
ţʱʱ֣ŷҲ⣬ԯ˵ˣǸ濴ţǣҪ
һµʱȥŷԯֱû̫಻ᣬ˶Ųеʱ䡣
ڵķֿΪ˸õĽǶߵʱ򣬲ܹ㡣
ʥԺһУ˭Ҳ֪ʥԺ˶ã֪Ҫ׷ݵʲô
˶Լ˺ʥԺٻ֮󣬻ǾһƬǸûпκζ
ŷ֮߱뿪߹ŷ磬ҪʥԺΪŴѧ봳ء
ʮ˲ʮ˲ʮֵֹ
ŷʮ˲ǰʱѧԺˣ˸ϹҪ֤һʱ̡
˵һλˣҪʮ˲̫ˣҪ֪ȻԪ֮ǰѪһûдȥʥԺЦм
ҿǸŷӢ䣬ܹȥŷһ߽ӻΪԼ
˹ŷһۣǸЦʲôӢ䣿һȡ֮ˣѵΪܹԪ𣿶ҪѪʮ˲ѪȾ
Ժ죬괳ʮ˲ʱ򣬶һ䣬ŷȻԲ졣һŮ񣬲콾ֻһͬΪҪǿ󣬴ʱŹ⣬һݵӡ


944 
ŷǸǿˡŷĨĨӣС
˹ŷһۣǸŮû˵㻹ǲԺʿȻһˡԵúܲΧҲвˣĵŹŷ硣
Ҫǹŷ̫ˣҾǿŷЦ˵
ǼһԲзۡ˹ŷһۣŮм˵
ԲзۣѵʥԺҲԼķ˿ŷЩ⡣
ŷ缴ΪʥԺѧ㲻ˣżǼǿˡ磬һʿŴ񾳽磬Ǻǿƣ񶼸ָ
ŷЩ⣬ʿһ콾Ȼڴ񾳽磬ǿɱ
콾һ㶼ϴ϶ģз˵ʱ
ߣΪҲ֪ʲô뷨ΪйŷڣЩɢޣҵɽˣҲǴͷˣδػǵӪǸŮЦ
ߵҲЦʿг˲м
Ǿưɣ˽˹ŷΪˣԲȺͬۡǸʿЦ
߶һȺˣʿߵˣռƣȻΪҶ֮ͬ쳣ǿ֣ǵȴԷ
ŷӣòƺʥԺУҲиϵģҿǵӣȻͻܾҡûмʥԺȴѾС
ŷ粢⣬Щ˳ֻѧ֮ĳͻ漰ϹŴ񣬵Ҳδػ֡
ԹŷԺܳȻ뷢ĻӦö
ԶԣǶʿһϵȽкøУٶԷŮһԼ˵ӡ
ɢޣ뵽ƺŷһĨЦݣԼʵҲһɢޡ
ôǸŷ绹ûг֣ѧͣЩˬ
˵ǹŷǰսģڻûг֣Щˬˡ
ǱˣϾԪһѪĵطŷȻôܱȵԪ
Ϊһ˽ܣڿֻһС̫ʧˡҲʧ
ʵҵǾùŷӢۣܣ϶ġһվ˳˵
˭Ϊʲôô϶ʡ
ȴЩˣ¶ȵɫ˽ŷϳˡ
ǹŷ硣һѧԱ
ৣ
ʱеĿ⣬˹ŷϣ˾Ⱥͺ档
ʲôʵûͷۣûеôࡣŷƲƲ˵
һ˳ŭݣͷ۾Ƿ𣿡
ŷһ㶣ͷۣǹһϣŷȷʵܵϢ
ȿȣһʱʧԣǸҴȥˡŷһȻתʮ˲ȥ
ʮ˲Сгûӽһȴһɿֲѹŷѹ
ŷڷ⣬ѹ䣬ޱȣӽʮ˲ĽӽԽԽ󣬶ŷ棬ԽԽС
ܵѹӿֲһѾΪһˣǶڹŷ˵ȴʲô
𾪵УŲߵǰȻ˽ȥ
һһľĴҲֻһ˲䣬ͷ޳˳ȥ񾳽磬һǿޱȣеٮٮߡ
ŷֱӳ˳ȥЩޣ߽ףӦʵȻǿ󣬵վĶ֡
䡣
һĳʮͷȫ飬ѪȾһ㡣
ŷһ̤ȥ˵ڶ㡣
ʥԺĵӣտŷһ㣬㷢ڶ̲ס˳ûܹôĴһأŷڵһ㣬һͣû
ţڶ㱦ˣ㱦
˶ɴ۾һŵı顣
ڳвٴģʧڵһ㣬Щǿڶ㣬ǰڣûܹôĴء
ʮ߲㱦ŷ˲ʱʱ䣬ȫǰļ¼
һЩӹŷˣʱɫʲô˵ʵ۱磬ŷʵǵ
ֻڵʮ˲㱦ʱ򣬹ŷ绨һЩʱ䡣Ȼʱڴʮ˲ǿߵӡġȻٻŷ糵ս
ŷ˸ʱµ콾սѪҺڣնˡȴû̫ܵ˺ŷ絥ʵѾǿһ㣬ȻճΪĳ콾ͬ׵ʱҲԲǹŷĶ֡
ʮ˲ŷƣǿƳɱմȾ˵ɫѪɢһɹʥϢ
ʮ˲ƣŷֱӵʮ˲ʮ磬ŷһ̤˽ȥޱȡ


945 
ѧԱˣʮصֻԪȥȫǰ
ŵ죬Ҳһǿ콾ҪǿƣʮصǰȥΪյȥˡ
ҾͲܹȥһЦӢ׹սףһԹŷǵӡ
һŷܲҾкܴϣܹȥ겻ԶһŮǳŹŷӰɫдһĨݡ
ϳǣΪҲ֪ǺѣʦȻҪͦҪˣҲʮ֮һǹŷ紳аնԸǸ׹ս׵Ц
ڤӣڤбȥﲻˬŷ磬㻹һˣϳΪһŮӣ˵һ㶼ڤӴŭһ˫۾˸ɱ졣
ˣ˻ûսأǾţѵö𣿡һ˹ĵӣһĸоɫ΢΢Щ԰ס
ڳˣУȴ˾η
죬ʥԺĵһ֣Ȼԯݺѹƣ
࣬ʵȻ޿ǿߡ
ѹ֮ٴαʱΪ߾磬˭Ҳ֪ʱΪǶôĿֲ
ĺǳ⣬˶˵ˣǶһۣЩ󣬵վǲ
˵ڶ
ʱ˾˶ĿͶ˹ȥ
ŷݣһͬͥŲڶһᣬٴվ
ŷɣڸһЩʲôʱüʱЦһӡ
ֱպ󣬹ŷվ
ϵǣŷ粢ûĲȥֱһ˳˶Ǳ׼ŷ紴漣ȴΪѵʧˣ
û֪ǶһۣԿԷе
ڴʱŷƲƲ죬ͻȻһȭʮص˹ȥ
ʲô⣬Ҹʲôǵһȭʮصȫ飬ŷЦһͷڷ裬ȻЦǵҵĵ
˶ŷһӣǺʥԺʥŷ羹ȻһҪġ
ȻϹŴ񣬶סˡ
˶ôģڴʱһ֣߳ɵģֻͣһ˫У˸ŻƵĹâŷ˵Ҫһ͡
ҲҪ͡ŷЦ˷һ˻ʸʮء
һϷɣŮ۾ģڹŷϣ˳ԡ
ˡߵͷת뿪
˶ףǹŷ綮ʮ˲ֻΪĵѣֻϹŴ񣬲򷨹һ취Ȼģĵ
ǹŷȴһһֱ֪ԼĵںδԼĵʲô˵һɶûС
ߵʣŷȻˣղа취ɵĻ߶ɱ
ǹŷĹϣŹˡ
ŷԵǺʥԺʮ֡һ̤֮ϣ˼ԣʮֳ֣һսȥɡ쵭һЦ԰׵¶һĨĺΣ̤նϣϡ
Թŷ磬챧ȭ졣
㣬ʥԺһ֣ϧֵܺͽܵˣ㲻ҪöˣǵĶ֣Ǻ顣ŷЦ˵
ֵܺͽܣЩɻ
ԯݺţǾҵֵܺͽܣģҵʵǿ˶١ŷ絭˵
ǿ˶٣ʵҲǿ
˶ŷ˼ǳţΪԼźԯݺỹҪǿ
ǹŷͽܣЩѧԱӾˡֲùŷôأͽܶ˺ʥԺĵһ֣ԼǲҲȥ
ɫһ֪ԼС˹ŷ磬ֻкԯݺŽֹˣ֪ǶôĿֲ
˶߾磬ǹŷȴ˵Լ˶Ҫǿ߽ףսֱ
һ칰֣Ȼվһߡ
½оŵӰоڤӺϳǣλǿߣˣһͷɣ¡
Ҫʮ֣Χһˣ˶𺳣ǸоԼѪˣ֮꣬Ȼܹۿ־֮ս˵ˡ


946 ʮ
ŷվЩʮֵм䣬ܹоЩ˶ǵͽߣ콾νϽʮ콾ǾԲʮ콾еκһλ
ر죬ǿ󣬳ˡ
ʮ֣¾һһϹŴ񣬶ܹһսˣŷ΢΢ء
ڷĿڣְɡ
ŷ縺ֶһ޵еţȻԺʥԺʮ֣ǳţܹʤ
á
ڤӵһ֣ŷɱ˹ȥ
һƬ嫵ڤ٣ѹ£Ҫ䶼һ
ǼǿһʹʥԺֶ̲סɫһֻܱã϶Ӳӡ
ŷ˫ӡһ׹˸ڤ֮ϡ
ڤӱɫֱӺƿˡڤɢ׹ֱڣǴûдڹһԲŴ׹⣬ֱһֿûС
ɱ
һǿ֣߳ȻΣͷȴֻǣԵ÷ǳֱ࣬ŷ˹ȥһȭǬ߸ˡ
١
ŷȣͬһȭ˳ȥǸǿ߱ɫһֻըѪɡ
еٮٮߣԹŷʱȴֽһһȭʹֱۡ
ǳΣϳǳ֣һҪŷС
ŷ廯ɴСأȻһȭһ飬ϳѪˡ
ֻء
һǿߴΪգΪ£˫ۻֻأȻҪǿдֻ֮ţŷȥ
ߡ
ŷߣ𶯣ƵȻֻӵпֲȴҲֱӱգɱȥǸǿɣѪȾա
˽һ
ʮֽһſֲĻ֮⣬ɱ
ŷߣͬһȭȭͷǰ棬ȴֻ͡أȭֳԵúֲܿ޼᲻ݡ
ĳѣ˶һǿ˽һʹʥԺĵһ֣Ӳȴŷһȭ飬һɱ
һһǿͷһͭӣɱɱ쳣ֱֲŷ֣ͭͷŲϣ⾹Ȼһ׼ϹŴҪΪϹŴˡ
ŷɫأҵƽʣȻһȭһȭ˳ȥײһ𣬷ص
꣡
˶ֲ֣棬ֿµƣҪ鿪ˡǸǿѪֱ˿ŷеĴһĨ֣ڿһħ
Ӳһ׼ϹŴҪôֲܹһߣҪӲĻ¶еϢһ
ǿ֣߳һֽһ֣ȴûùŷܵһ˺޹⣬ʣµˣһۣɱ˹ֻһδŹŷ磬Ҫȫһ
ۡ
ŷ绯Ѫһɣһ㽫նΣѪȾ񷡣۳һ̫ͼѹһ֡
ֻظ֣оȻδǸǿߣȴЫղֻǶ̶̵һ˲䣬һŷĳ嶯ָо̫ˡ
Ŵ֣ȫˣֻʣһ죬˶ע죬Ҫϣ
ҲϣǷǳãģ첻ǿǹŷ̫ˣѾȫķ롣
Ҫ֪Ƕǵͽߵ콾ȴסŷһУҲֲ̫˰ɡ
ȻҲΪûȫŷ緢ĻŷҲôݣվǿߵĽԲʮΧһˡ
˹Ĳ𶯣Ͻ磬·ŵĲ𶯣֮νϣŷѹȥ
һϽֲޱȣʹϹŴ񣬶ӡ
ŷɫأһڷ⣬Ѫڷڣס֮ʲôӵϣڻѪǰõġ
һ޵еѪߣ˵ܹƿش߳ͷȻҲֻǴ˵ѣҹŷ绹ûдɡ
Կ֮Ѿ㹻ˣŷ˿Ӱ죬ͬǰȥÿǰһϾ͸ŨһײãʣѲԼ
˶ֱӹŷϡ
죬ܵ𶯣޷ϣǸ
һΪɣһΪǸ磬Ȼǿ󣬵ԲǹŷĶ֡ԿŷгֵĴ㣬ֱӰ֣ˣҲĶ֣ҪǽսԻᱻŰˡ
䣬˶ȣ˭û뵽һ޵е죬Ȼˣһжδʹ


947 ڤ
ŷʥԺʮ֣һεĸоǾ̫ˣе㲻š
һսҪ㣬סŷ綢죬˵ĺǿһսŷȻбʤİգȷʵҪһ
֪գһҪܣʮһ֣Ȼı䣬ϣҸܵһǿвֻϹŴʱҲŻָо˵Ļ˶̲סȻ
ŷвϹŴе㲻š
Ҳšڤŭһ㶼šٴγ˳Ҫŷһս
׳ա
ûһȴͻأһڽսµ֣һѳǹ˸žâ
һڹУӢ̵һʱڳУʱеĿ⡣
ǺˣȻңڤӴŭΪʥԺʮ֮һ죬ô
Ϊڤַҵļɻ䣬̸꿪ڣǿƣȻҪһʥԺʮָֻΪԷͬ
ŷ£ʱҲˣվһߣһС
ԳڤϣܵһϤϢǿŽףʵȴ͹ŷࡣ
Ҫ֪ŷӵлѪʺųͬ޵УҪײãģȴһս꣬ͬ񾳽磬𾪡
ƨˣҹһȥڤӴŭΪڤӣΪڤеʥӣȻڤ𣬵ȴһеҫȻܸ֡
Ĳģڤ۾
ڤһǷǳǿӲĵͷŷ磬Ȼ֪ǰǿ󣬵ȴ֪ǿʲôز
Ҳϲñڤ΢΢һ̾
ʱڤͻȻˣֺգֱڤֶ£ϣڹ˸˻ԵϢ
ڤɫ䣬ҿ⣬죬ҪסԷһ
һζͽͣ͵סڤһֱڲϣ콾ѪȾ񷣬Եúޡ

ڤӴԪѪ¾ۼ޸壬Ȼڤ˹
Ĳϲڤ̾ǹͻȻ˳ץУ۵һֱӽڤӶ
䣡
ݺݵĽеĳǹ˳ȥڲԶһɽϣڤҽУ˶ѪģˣȴѲ˳ǹ˻Ѫܣޱȡ
˱ɫڤг˾⵽Ǵĳһʵȫڹŷ硣
ҲϲڤֹȻʧЦ
һĲϲֻǲϲ˶ԼȴϲԱ˱
ʵҲϲҾǿѡŷЦ˵һ§סڤļЦ˵
Ĵһŷ磬ڤͷǿҪǶ㱩Ļᱻ㱩ǻѰɡһ
ΰ¡
ŷֱӺǧɣһӬӣһѵԱУҲУ
Щ̲סЦ콾ԱҲһʹ顣
ʵҰŮ㲻Ҫᡣڤޱ飬ɫᣬһ˵仰˷
˭֪ڵ٩ŷ磬һȻʡ͵ĵơ
ŷҲЩһһĺ˿ЦġЦ
ʱڤʥԺʥԺˣϹŴϽӭӡ
˶ϹŴӭôĿ
𾪵ǣ߰˸ϹŴ񶼳ˣУЩеĶڤȡ
ڤ߰ɣһΪһħ޵Сһߣò信ʱȴ̲סڤޱȡ
ħ壬ȻΪǿߣΪʦȥɣҽħΪ޵еһħ
һֻҵħǶǴƣûǸ¡
ƨҲħ
߰˸ϹŴȫħʿʱȴΪһڤӵۣһ
úܶвζҪһϹŴ¶ԣڤһ֣ЩȴҪеĲ࣬ʵ̫ˣЩƽ⡣
߸ħϹŴ񣬲һߣӣһҪֵӣʥԺѧһϽԶԶصġ
ڿʼҵͽˡһ𣬰˾ŸħϹŴȻֹһ嶼ڲǿʲô˼Ĵһ
ŷһȻ̲סħ档
û뵽ħ涼ˣҪڤΪӣһﵽʲôͷħ壿ΪʲôȴŷһַǳϤĸо


948 ϰʦ
ذħ֣·𻯳ħ硣˶˵ЩϹŴһ
ϹŴ񲻴ħžͷУʲô㲻ϣֻвܶĽɴڣذħĶ֡
ĳ˵ӽߵĴڡ
ǻ֣߳Ҳһս
ħ棿ڤ΢΢Щ⡣
ذħͷо˸ڤ˵͵һȫһ鷲壬ħ壬ħ壬ȴħ
ذħĻڳ˶һȴһ˵ڤҲпȴһΪΪǿĴڡ
ŷһΪʲôڤһϤĸоˣϢħͬԴȻϤ
ѵڤȴĴУ
ôܣ˵Ļħһĳ
ȴĴУֻǽȴĵȻƱԴͬģСԺĳɾͲħ鿪ڣΪŷͣȻԭȴħȴĴС
ĵ·ϣнڣͬʱһֶΣϡ档
ȴΪʦڤʵ

ذħҡͷƽ
ʵ֮Σڤʡ
һĬذħ˵һ˶𾪵ĻҸ߳һߡ
죬˶һεĸо˵еȴ𣬾Ȼħ涼ҪǿһߣҪˡ
Ҫɻˣϧ⡣ذħ˵
䣬˶𾪣ֻлѪܹɻʣͨʿ֪ϹŴȴ
һʿĶ㣬۷壬Ǵʱħһ
ǳΪ۷֮ϣǻߣֻһ˵˵ӵлѪߣܹΪߣ޵С
ʵδֹӵлѪǿߣڴﵽһʱͻȻʧ˭Ҳ֪
壬̤һΪߵģûй
ʹذħûߵһһɴڸһɽ
ȴˣλħľ⣬˶˳羴
ʲô⣿ħ˳ذħ
ħһۣħһ顣
˵ɱվû֮ǰĸ岻סذħʵʹ۷״̬Ҳвذħ
ϾħֻһȻǿ϶ذħֵּĶ֡ߵϽޣã档
飬֪ġذħ˵ƽӵζǳԡ
˼ǳħûʸ֪顣
㡭ħŭɱȴŷһץУڵһ£ŷЩε˵ʵһ㡣
ħɱȴŷƿضѲȥ
ʱħȻѾﵽ״̬ʵǸߵȲϣȴӲŷƿأϾ۷壬ڹŷˡ
ħ𶯣ŷüֱԷӡħѹˡ
ڲϼһĶ֣ʵﵽǸʱ˵ŷѵ
ħƽβһ仰㡣
˹ŷһۣذħͻȻЦ㲻ɱ㣿
㲻ġŷŵ˵
Ϊʲô
ֱ
ŷһ̣ɫһ䣬ը飬Ԫ˻𣬽ԼѪۼ
ȻɱңȻ֪ʲôԭ㲻֣ڸӿ϶ˡŷЦ
Ȼһǹŷȴһ㶼η壬Ц˳
ذħЦһٶ֡ȷʵΪһЩԭ򣬲ֻܳɱŷ硣ʵϵ̶ǿߣڤڤжһָӦ֪ʲôɱá
ŷ磬ھɱˡ
λˣҲʱǰɡһߵڤЩƵ˵
ȻȻذħڤʵԸҵͽܲ
ҵѡȴһڤЦ˵ɫȴǳ档
Ŀһڤذħ˵Ȼÿ˶ԳΪȣÿ˶ȣҪҵ£㽫ĳɾ֮ͣ¡
˻һ˶𾪣ٳΪħʵ˵룬ʹһЩϹŴĽҪΪ֪Ҫѣ˵Ϊħ۷ˡ
ȴǿڤ˵
ذħ̾һȻת뿪һ̤ȻϹŴ񣬶֪ȥʶ˶Է


949 ħ
λħԭΪͽڤͻȻ߰˸ϹŴ񺰵
ǵɴ۾Щ𾪡СӾܾħͽҪ󣬾ȻҪԼͽܣ
ҵ˼ǣǶʦڤ˵
ħɾͲħ죬Ҫɻħŷ羪ȣһֺܼ·ͷ
ʱһ·̫ڼˣû˳ɹ
ֻһˣǰɹˣʣС
ǻħǿȴϿɣ˾ãһȫڻѪĿµħ
ȻҪģҪɾͻħʱʲôħ棬ʲôȴ𣬶Ҳڽ¡ڤ˵ڽս£信ǵ̵һʱɢһħԵţתĿ⡣
̫˧ˣ˵뷨ʹ˶ͷ
ֻйŷƲƲ죬һԼķͷ
ðɣͬļһеˡ
ãһΪӡϹŴ񶼴Ӧ뵽ԼҪ̳һҪصǿߣо˷ܵĲˡ
ȻһҲ޷ߵһˣͽܹߵһҲһּ˼顣
ڤֱӺ˼ʦЩϹŴ̲ס֪һǰ;ĵӣҲڹŷ硣
ŷ紳سɹΪʥԺĵĵӣκϹŴ⣬ܾܾһ֣߱Ϣ˳ȥ˶ͷŷڤУĽ
Ҳв˼ʣִʵ̫ˣܵǵϣǿ϶ἤĲϲݡ
ǴʱŷڤȴûʲôϲɫǺһı֣Щġ
֮£ʵԵЩ̫ˡ
߱ߵŷڤǰ棬гƣݸˣⶼǺĵӵƣӵеҲֶ
ĺ壬ȴ̫ԶˡʹЩʥԺʮ֣ûйŷڤĴ
ҪһϹŴʦҪѺܴľҶԷһԸǡ
ǹŷڤȴһǿֱѯЩʦκӡʹǹԹŷеϹŴ񣬶ܾܾŷҪ
ʦϲ㡣˹Щ˵˵
ŷĳɼҫԼŷĵӣΪ˹ŷ磬ܾ߱һǿƵϹŴͽԸ
Ҫ֪߱棬ʵ̫ˣԼ֤ˣԼŵϲ
Ҿ֪һһɹһ£˭ԯݺ˹ЦݣҪŷ֡
񹭣ҴĹǺŲţŷбһۣм˵
ԯݺ񹭣ʹŷҲĶ֣Ͼ˵ʵʵࡣѾ˵ˣԯݺ֪ԼվǱŷȥˡ߽ףʵԼͽߣ֮ͬУǹŷĶ
ţҿ϶Ųţԯݺᵭ˵
ŷɵۣһʲôʱҲôˡ
ҽħһطӡ⿪ˣٺһսŷƵ˵
ʦҿ԰㡣
ͻȻڣԯݺЦãû뵽ؼʱ̣ѾͷȻվˣ˵Ļ
ҲֵĻԯݺ϶ֵĶ֡
ˣǲʦͽЩƵһ֣ԯݺֱ뿪
Ůãҽڤ֪ûˣڤʱȴ۾Ź⣬ţסˡ
ûСɫһ죬Щɬ˵
ڤһаȵˣŮԣɱ̫ˡ
ŷüͷͻȻһ˳ȥֱڤƨ棬ڤ߽˴С
Ժֵͽӣߡŷ˵
źĵͷŷĻʥּ
ͬĿһڤһϲŵĻԺҪˣɹ׷֣Ҳٲ˱ŷѹ
Ǹʲôŷ磬㲻塣ڤ
ûпڤһۣŷţ˺ʥԺСڤֱӸ˽ȥԯݺҲһ
ֻһ˵ɴ۾ıһɽϣһ˵ı顣
ǰˡڤӷĲҽ
ڤ߳ԶͻȻüͷһ壬ԼԴҺʲô飿
漴ŷҪԶˣϽ׷ȥԼʲô飬ѹȥˡ
ڤӣһҽУȴû絽˼㡣


950 ͽ
ŷ磬˵ôԸźҽڤŷ磬Ѿǵʱˡ
һڱ˵ǰᣬڹŷǰȴǱһһ
Լϲ㣬㲻Ҫҡŷ粻м˵
Ѿ˵˼ٱˣһǲţһĲԼ
ߣ˰ɣǾ仰ôܻ᲻ͬ⣬һ쵰뵽飬ڤ۾Щˡ
ǹŷţҪͽӣô
ʵɣʵŻһ׷ߣҪ׷ŵĻȽǸ׷ߴܡŷͻȻ뵽ţǣʱЦ˵
˭
ڤһҪ˵ӡ
ĳһϲˣʵڤʣҲûţһĻҲ֮ϡ
ŷҪΪһһ£˭Լһƨ
ţǣĻӦǳһĴˣҪ׷ŵĻȽܡŷЦе˵
á
ڤͷһУǹ˻ɽҲˣһѪһҽС
ⶫɶʱӳȥġͷڤЩɻ
ŷ綼ˣһﻹܹԺһ뵽ڤӱˣһɽϣҲȷʵġ
ڤһۣÿˡ
ȥɵţǡ˵仰ڤƿ뿪
ŷĿɿڴȫӦڤϢɴ۾һﲻȥɱȥ˰ɣ
ڤʵĴȥɱˣĻԼ
ȥ˰ɣԯݺ֣ղžڲԶ˵̸ЩĿɿڴ
һԸ񣬶ȥˣϵ۱ŷԼǰһʮ֡
ΰ£ԯݺҪĳ嶯һﾹȻϵۣϵ۶
ϣôɵԯݺҲǿЦá
պڤع飬ɫЩ԰ס
㲻Ҫңȥˡŷɴ۾оڤ״̬̫ãܵش
ڤͷЩƵ˵˯ħ֮ȥţǣҪкݺݵĽѵǼһһ٣û뵽ԺУȴһصĶǸһϴڣһ۹һɱҵꡣ
ǲǳӡŷûһӰ
ڤɴ۾Ȼͷϼһ̫ˣҸоϹŴ񣬶δʵǿ
˵ǳǸϼһȻѾˣֻһ䣬Ҿ˵ǼٻǳӵȻܻŻֱˡŷ̲ס̾
ڤĺǿ󣬼ʹŷ磬ǳһػҲδػʲô³
ߣǳΣҪʰڤ˵гţùŷ綼Ŀɿڴһʵ̫ˣУֹΪǿ֮һ
뵽ڤذħҾܾҪԽȴ𣬹ŷҲȻˣһӵдǵˣĵ·ϣǿҰģ츳ˣһ鷲壬ɾħ壬ҪħȻҪʶ£Ҫֻʱѡ
ʵѡŷֻ˵
˲ʲôᣬü档
ϾȻڤʶʱȽ٣֮䣬ȴһһʶܾõĸоˡ
֪ȻΪǸʲôƨܹȻڤǺ˵ġڤ˵гš
ã߾Ҫǣŷǿ֣߱ĿڤһۣȻŷ˵
ŷƣòã
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ģڤҵĵӡ߱浭˵δ˵ҪΪڤʦΪ˽ڤͨĹ۲죬߱ҵ
߱棬ڤܹɫһ࣬Ӽʦ𡣡
ãԺ߱ĵӣҲҵļӣҪ׷ţһᡣ˵Щ߱תߡ
ڤϣ¶һĨЦݣ߱溰ʦֱҵϡ
߱ϣҲɵ¶һĨЦݡ
ڤ˳ۣһڿԼӰĸоȻһֱڣ߱滹Ů
ʲôŻҵģҪҲˬˣԼȥ롣ŷЦһﲻΪֺ߱棬´˰ɣֱ̫ˡ
ֵ֪ܣȻ֧ҵġڤĲ˵
Ƥ񡣡ŷ
Ҫôңһ᲻˼ġ
ΰ£ŷԼҪˡ


951 ڤԹ
ʱڤֱǰĹŷ磬ҪƤĶࡣ
ȻǵҲһޡ
ʦ㣬˵Ҫָ㡣˹ϴһɷ
˭Ҫ۸ֵܣڤţԵú壬ŷ̽ܵһǿĴڣʱվסĵطԶͷǿϢ
Ϣ֮Уһ˿ƣԶԷǳġ
ϹŴ񣬹棬һû鷳סˡŷЦ˳ȥη档
ֵһɱǸһڤĿܴҪɱһϹŴҪεȵʹŷ綼δ
ȻܹһЩϹŴ񣬵վϹŴ񣬻˲٣Ȼ֣ҲδܹһϹŴɱ
ŷˣֻڤһյĶţһɱһϹŴֻҪŵǰֳԼӢš
ڤֱǴ䲻椣ùŷЦá
һЦ˵ҶһûȤ㽫߰ɡ
ڤɵۣû뵽ŷ羹ȻĻȥ߹棬ڤӣɲһϹŴս
ȻڤηһϹŴ񣬵սĻȻϹŴش
ȿȣҸղֻ˵˵ѡڤЦ
һۣŷ絭˵ûţˣŵʵֲˣûϣġ
˻һڤʱˣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵ȫϣ
ŵϣ¶˼ɫڤɫһ䣬ȻȻЦһ𣿿Ҵ
ʱ򣬾ڤȥˣһſͱˣ˹Ʋˡ
ڤ˵ŵϣ¶һĨ壬ڤĴ˳ȥ
ǹ棿ڤָŹ棬Щм˵
һŽףһϹŴȴ̬ȣùһŭҲ֪ǰһݣѧУһȺħĵӣҲǲôġ
Ҫŷ磬㣬ÿãԼѾǱȽϿˣһˣֱһƾͳȥ˭ࡣ
ڤȻÿҪŵǰԼȻΪһ仰ÿˡ
㻹ذɣֵܵ鷳ڤǿƣ˵һ㶼ûнС
һû뵽ԼѾˣԷȻô
ԼذɣѧԺ棬ûм˸˵Ļ
뵽⣬¶һɱ
ڤɫһǳȻܵɱʱϢס˹档
Ҷ֣ŭЦȻܵԷ˼ֻôû뵽һŽʿȻҪԼ֡
ֻҪߣҲ֡ڤ˵вû̫Ĺ̫һϹŴС
ҲأɫҲ
Ҵ㡣ڤ˵ֻе˼ȴù̲סЦ˳һȻڿ˵Ҫߣŭ˼㡣
䣡
Ϣͬʱ֡
ڤղȻˣǴʱȻ¡гǹ𶯣˹ȥ
ǿϢùһ볤ǹײһ𣬷ڤ𶯣˺üȴûܵʲô˺
ǿս˲Ŀ
ɫ΢䣬֪ڤΪôˣȻ˵ȥӵʵ
վϹŴսȥҪԴвԷ
ȴģϹŴľ磬ʱԹŷܹɱ㡣ڤЦ˵Ļùɫ䡣
ϹŴ񣬲˵ֱ̫İˡȴܵΣգ治ա
ϹŴľ磬ûֲʸˣһϹŴ񾳽֮µʿױزˡ
ӲƴĻ͸ҹϹŴʲôУһʺڤȣùɫ࣬ȴ֪η
һ꣬ҷһսνϹŴ棬ȷʵǶˡ
С̫ˡֳֵĳ嶯
ȻȻɵޱȣǹȴԼǲֵĻͶˣԺϹŴǰ»̧ͷ
Ҵֻʵʵ˵Ҫһսҷ㡣ڤǹָԷЦ


952 ˹
ŭھˡͲţһŽ׵ϣܹϹŴľ硣
䡣
ڴʱһ˳֣졣
߱û˵ֻǾվȴɢһɿֲϢһ
߱棬ʲô˼ʵ
ûʲô˼ҪһϹŴλͽŽ׵Ĵڵġ߱浭˵
ɫ䣬̲סʲô˵ͽܣһŵӣҪ֪ҹ棬ЩûչӣֻҪųΪԼĵӣȴܾˣ֮⣬ûˡ
Ǵʱȴ˵ڤԼĵӣζʲô߱棬ҪڤԼ²ˡ
߱²ˣ߱Ȼ¡˵ĺ￴֮ǹҪºֵĻ߱Ի֣һ˹档
뵽߰ħˡ
ʱǳȷԼ޷ڤǺڤһսҲºֻ֣΢΢ѵһٶԷ
ܹܵܶ쵽Ķɨ˹ǹڶڤ֣ǳħʱд鷳ˡ
ȻΪħЩħֶΣӵ޼ɵӵĿֲʹͬһ磬Ҳǡ
ղҰ߱ʦΪʦֻûиȫԺˣʲô𣿡ڤЦ˵
ЦʱĹ涼˵ܹܵ߱һɱԼϣֻҪ˵Լ߱϶ڵһʱ֡
棬Բ߱Ķ֡
Ȼܹ߱ڤĵӣڤҡ治òǿЦ
Ȼˣ߰ɡ߱浭˵ĿıҪù뿪
ʱĹŷ磬ںʥԺδվȽŸʵҲûдﵽеľ磬ʱǹĶ֡
߱棬Ҫ浲ȥ
Ҫŷ磬ָ˵
ˣԼ뿪Щŭˡ
ûиҷֻҪļŭ߱棬ԷԸ
ԥһ󣬹滹뿪ˡ뿪󲻾ͣŷ֣ЦӯӯģȻڤļ򣬵СӣĲ
Ӧż޸ˡڤЩ˵

ŷ
һľ͵ţŷ粻˵ͬ⣬Ҳԡ
ϾڤҲһ䣬ϲĻһδûʲôԵġ
ŵɫȴǳƽֻǵĿһڤΪЩɥ
ͻȻһĶûˣΪŷΪŵĮȻͲһᡣ
ŷ磬Ҫע֮£ȻһΣͻֵڶΣڶγ֣϶ȵһҪܵĶ࣬ǧҪ⡣
ŷͷʵˣõķǹŷڵʵ㣬ӲԷĻ벻ʲô
ҲõģʵղŹʵɱ㣬ҲҵģѧԺеϹŴ񣬿̫ˣʹ棬ð֮踣֣ɱĻԻٲġ߱氲οŷ硣
ʵһ㶼£ֻ룬ôܹ¡ŷЦ˵
ŷĻڳ̲סһۣʲôЦ£ǿһϹŴ񣬳ǹŷϹŴ񾳽硣
ˣ˵Щˣһȥһط߱˵
ŷɻЩ⡣
ĵӣʵһСУӵһʥɽʥɽѾˡ
߱Ļŷ۾һʥɽòƾǺţƵӡ
ʲôطŷʵ
һĵطܲƽһطһɫ߱˵
ŷһ֪ν壬ʲô⣬ȻĻ߱Ҳɫ֡
壬ݴ˵ֳаλĵӣʧҲǵκκۼ߱˵
ŷ¶ȵɫܹĵӵģһоԵĸ֣壬һȤˡ
аһѪĹŷ磬ʵκа
һ˵У˵̺ܹҵĻ϶ܹʹڵΪǸҲкܴİ
߱ĻŷһҵķţΪĽкܴİ
Թŷ̵ͷȥʲô塣


953 崫
га飬ֻҪʥԺĵӣ붼֪˭ҲΪŷܻãһĵӣפ飬ʱ˴ˣ˻ȻֻӦһ
ŷһС磬һɽͷ߱棬Ѿ뿪ǹŷ
һ磬γһƬֱִʣ
ϣŷûκ⡣
ڹŷ磬Ե㶫㿪ʼ壬ʮҹĻ٣һ¸߹֮ϡδκаŷ쳣ƽԼĴϣɽ
Ĺ⣬н𶯣Ԫȵ˼㣬Ͳһйڣܹͻƣһ׶Ρ
ءһֱҹ֮ϣͻȻ޵ɱ춯أŷһӾѡ
һɹϢߣһּΪа
ŷվûк£˳аԴͷȥԽԺʱ򣬱ҵԴͷ
һԺУһɫǽڹŷУӰȻǽչɱ
ҲʾԼзˣǿޱȣͶ֮䣬ء
ǡŷ羪ȣ͵ɫ䡣
ڤʯϳǽȻͨ嶼ڤʯ͵ġ
ƵһʯͷԼ¼ǵķս󣬸ΪµǣʿֻҪڤʯ׷Χڣᱻڤʯ뵽УΪܹ𣬲ܹĶˡ
ŷ﷢аԭڽԼ䵽壬ЩˣҲ֪İɡ
ŷ磬ϴʿ
ŷĦиַǿĴУϸжѡһַš
¼ܰһ֣󣬾˵Ųػ𣬶޷ݻ֮
ڤʯϣһӰڲͣݻһţŷǣӡԺУҹʱȥ峿ĵһڤʯĶȫʧһͨǽһ
ڤʯֻҹ䣬Żʾ죬ʱͺͨʯͷһ
һϵʱ䣬ŷѾ¼ķţȫ¼죬Ѫ𶯣죬¡¡
ʱĹŷ磬һ㱦ԣһɫսһ㣬δͻڵľ磬һϢȴӵǿ
ͣ
ŷ͵۾նˣվž죬һǿоӿļ䣬ŷ̲ס쳤Хһ
С棬ʥԺӶۣ²ŷˣǾãŷ׶༪٣гкĵĵӣפ壬ֻһϣ㳹ʧˡ
ûԸȥ̽˭ҲԸӴһƬа֮ء
磬壬ɫ˵ǡڤǴЦ֪ǶҪֵҿǰˣ
ڤӳ֣֮ϳаȻһЩϱǿߣҴ棬ŷʲôʣˡ
ΪԼǺĵӣܹΪΪˣЩʦǶûŷôսʥԺɣ۸ͬšڤӵͬ飬վһߣЦ
һȺŹŷ磬ͬʱŷ¡
ڤЦһڤӣöԷɫ̲ס˺˼뵽ǰЩ飬ʱڤӣһ󵨺
ô𣿡ŷһ£ڤǵıɫƽȴڤ¶һĨϲɫ
ŷδ˵õϢ
ڤһ£˵ˣǶû뵽ŷаĵطһϣȻû顣
Ҫ֪֮ǰ˽ȥȴڵڶʧˣŷȻǴ˳
һ壬ȴڵڶˡǴΪ֮֮ˡ
ʲô˵֮УϴУ߱ŷϢ̲֮סһ
֮Խ壬Ϊ֮ǰһϵĴУųڣȫġ
ǿޱȣ֪λȻĨƽˡ
ڹŷзϴУζʲô޵еһҪٳ˵ǰ
һֲĴУǸգԾ춯ء
飬ȲҪ߱ˣʥԺУҲһ飬ܵ߱涣ùŷ˵
ŷҲףǴȥȻγȻ󲨣ϾҶ֪ʧϴУֻûҵѡ
֪İɣзִ硣ŷ翪ڣ˵ԳԼзִ硣
߱뿪
ŷ磬һȥڤͻȻ˵˸˷ܵĹʡ
ҲȥһЩЦ˵
ŷһۣȻû˵ǶǴߣûйϵʵ㡣


954 
ڤԲߣߣֱ֡ţ֪Ѿͷʲôʼֻȴߵһ
еľڵټͷܶŵȼ𣬳ɾ顣
ٶҲ쳣ˣڹŷ֮ϡĸȶޱȣսǿ˲
һţǲĻҪΪϹŴ
˶˵ԲǴߣûߵϢǲܽӽڤʯġ
ŷĻǶˡ
ϾڤʯǴ˵ƶɣ˭֪ʲôµܣһʲô⣬ǿ޶
˵û̫ãҲǱҪȥġ
ŷͷ뿪ڤʯû̫ãǶڹŷ˵ȴźܴİҲǶ뿪ҵԯݺᣬһȥ
ԯݺҲǾԵߣڤʯˣǳ
ҹ䣬塣
˵аĵطĵԯݺҲѡһŹаһ죬裬ǿϢùŷ綼΢΢Щɫ
ܵԯݺΪûκһʵȴԿֲٶȵùŷ𾪡
˰Ľܣŷ֪ԭ򡣰һģһ֮˫ͨ죬ƹǿ֮һս˫
һŽǿߣλܹӨŮ
ŷָоԼǸ¼ҲԲڰܻڰ֮ء
ֻһֱû֤ʵǹŷȴǳ϶Լֱ
䡣
һ죬ŷֱӷ˳ȥеͷӡ
һ䣬ôҲû뵽ԯݺͻȻϵϢ쳣ֲϾ֣˫վȻںһ𣬳Ϊһεoվھ죬Ӳã档
κԯݺһģһɢȴֲ˲ŷܵһѹ
Ҳ֣ԯݺΪֱӽ߶ףȻֻǿһСսȴõ˿ֲ
֮ǰŷ绹аѹԯݺᣬȴûǷݰˡ
ʱԯݺսԲڹŷ֮£ͣѾӽǸˣﵽ
ʶһ㣬ŷ𾪣˫Բܹ΢΢ϹŴ񣬵ʱȻϹŴ񣬵ǼԺϹŴаˡ
ԯݺᣬףսֱƿֲˡ
һ̨׵ʱ򣬻ȹڵľ磬ҲܹﵽĲΡ
ڹŷ磬аŽ׵ʱ򣬴ﵽ߾Ž׳̶ȡ
ȻⲢ˵ʵѾǼΪˡԽ츳ǿˣΪԽôףǶԼҪ̫ˣܶ˻Ϊ˲ΪͣͲǰ
ҲΪʲôϽ콾ô࣬߾콾̫ࡣ
ԯݺ콾˵ԼһܹΪߣֻ˵ͣĽȻ콾ǽУǳΪ۷սϹŴļʣһǿ߶̫ˡ
ŷһֱûġ֤õƿֻҪ㹻ܹͻơ
ҪģֻԼսͬ޵УﵽԼܹﵽļޡ
ԯݺϵĽںϳһo֮Խӵİ˳ϣһ˫һ˼䡣
ŷͷʱԯݺߵԼĵϡԯĹǻʵϣԯݺԸȴʺϻʵʺϰԵΪԭԯݺһֱ޷׿ԼǱܣ˰ȫʱգԯݺܹӳʵԻϽ˶𾪡
䡣
һ˸ԯݺԴϣʱһͷֱȫը
ŷ翴ĿɿڴȻ̲סЦ˿⡣
˹ŷһۣԯݺǸӦʲôֱӳ뿪һС硣ڹŷϽԯݺ֡
׹٣ȻϽ綼ڲҪһ
ֺȻϹŴ񶼸оֲԯݺг׺ݺںʲôս
ŷӴ͸һ谭ܻ飬ڹɱԯݺᣬЩ鶼ǿޱȣԯݺᶼѪڡ
ʥԺĲ˸ܵϹΧۡŷʱһ£Щɵڹŷϴţǲ֪ŷʲô۶ӡ
Щ˵񣬹ŷƣȺ쵰ʲôҪʲô飬Ϻòá


955 ڤ
ԯǼһôˣڤҲ˹һۿеı仯ʱЩȵʵ
ͻ£Ǵͻƣԯݺɽٹ󣬿㽫ĶˡŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣڤЦͬ޵У˭սңԯǼһȻҪﵽˣ벻ҵĶ֡
һŵӣֻǹŷ粻ôоЩ顣
ٺһЦŷҲûţԯݺẰԯϲģڤ˵ɽ֮ҲĶ֡
ɽٹһսԯݺ
ŷ磬ҡڤɫѿ
ٺһЦŷû˭ҪԼ˵󻰵ģñ˸ס
ڤޱȣһһһ׹ս׵ڤӣڤֵʱɫһףתҪ뿪
ڤӣһڤ
ڤɫһףɥڹŷ羪ȵУȻĻˡ
ѾСˡڤޱ飬ȴһ˿⡣
ǿģŷЩ⣬˲µࡣ
ڤӵʵԣôܸԸ˵Сܣ죬ڤȻǵĵλҲƽȵġ
ֻһܣǾڤǿȵڤӡ
ˣԸģ˭ô˧ڤӶΪ̫˧ˣݣȻҪҵСܡڤ˵аĮȻֻҫĳɷ֣ɵӶܹ
ŷ¶мڤЩŭ˵㲻ţ
Ųйŷû˵һﵱɵء
ǲԸСܵġڤָڤӣ˵
ڤĻڤӵһ˿ʣջŷ˵ԸСܵġ
ų򡣡
ŷ粻м˵һ䣬ڤһ˿Թվû˵
һսѾ׵ףԼԲǹŷĶ֣óȻ֮ϵĻֻȡ衣
ģҵСܣоˣɣҲҪˡڤͻȻ˵ڤȻȻŭ
ǰԼڤСܣ̾ͱϳˣҪǴ˻ȥһЦˡ
ȻǺʥԺʮ֮һһ֮澡ʧһûˡ
ڤ̫ˡڤ̲סŭ
ҾǹˣҪôڤЦе˵
˻һڤҪѪĳ嶯һʵԼǿȻԼѹһز
Ǳѧ۸ͬѧǵǿʦǸ״ڤȴһһĵʦԲĶ֣ܹùĵʦ붼ʦһ룬Ҫڤ鷳Ҳ⶯֣һϹŴ񼶱ĵǷ˳ͻӾ̫ˡ
һιڤͻҶѾ֪ˣ֣߱ǹ棬ô
ˣڤӣȥɡһɫЩ̬Ĳ԰׵˹ڤӵļ
޺޵Ŀһ۹ŷڤˣڤ뿪
סڤһμ㣬㻹֣ҾˣϽְɡڤڴڤӷŭһΣȴͷҲأתߡ
춢ڤҡͷ˵ڤĹˡ
֪ǹģڤˣҵĵˡ˵ڤɫͻȻ
֪Ϊʲôڤ𣿡ڤ˵
ҡͷڤӵĻУܹڤڤʲôޡ
ǵΪҵļ壬ϵķصأǸʱͷˣڤݣҪڤ˶ڤϧڤˣֻʣһڤӣ˵һù𣿡ڤ˵ԭ˾ȣȻڤ֮гԹ
ֲڤ˶ԴڤӣĴޣʲôӵ鶼֡Ƿһ㶼ͬڤӡ
Ͼڤһ㶼ãΪ˴һڤ˲ŭԹ飬ܶ಻ǵ̤ƽضٵˡ
̾һڤеˣڿȴԼƬˡ
Բ𡣡һˣֱڤǸڤ͹ŷ綼Щȡ
һۣڤͻȻЦ˵ⲡӲѡ
ڤ˵ѣʵѵˡһ￴Ʋף۹ȴ൱ߣʥԺйӴˣҲֻйŷ硢ԯݺᡢŻһȺϹŴʦ˶ûбڤС
Ͽ죬оȻһַǳҵĸоָоЦá
죬һѡ룬Ц˵
ҵѣҲǹŷѣùŷΪβڤͻȻЦ˵۾һ


956 ƽ֮ս
۾һвȻĻҲΪôߣѾһˣɫ԰ףһӡ
ʵϣĥ죬ڵΪӦһ׸ߡ
Դᣬѽһˡŷ翴һֱۣӶе״
󾪣û뵽ŷһ۱㿴״̬
ô֪¶𾪵ɫܣҲһֱĥĶ
ǸԴĶɾҲ
ǶԷһֱıԴڣаճ߾Žס
ҽǾߵҽȻܹŷŵ˵
ϱУȻǡȻԷϹŴܹ˲䶴ϤԷ״
ڹŷǰκαװûбҪġ
ܰңЩ
Ȼ˵ŷҽܹϹŴ񣬵ڵʵǲˣһ壬ӶеıԴ
ŷͷдҲһֲȻܹơ
ʵ㹻ԿκǸˡ
β̲ס˵
ŷЦſڤһۣ˵ǼһﶼѾ˵ˣѣȻҲҵѣѵȻҪ㣬İɣ鷳Һ׾ܹκõġ
ŷŵĻһ¶һ˷ܵɫվ˹ŷԱߡ
ҹ
ڴʱдԯݺһŭһȭ飬ȫɢˡ
ʱԯݺ޵УϳһֻƽɫĹԣϣֱҪȥ
״ɢ˽ƣɽٳɹΪһ߶׵ĸ֣սǿ֡
ԯݺ˹ڤһս
ڤȻǶȴһԥûУֱӳ˳ϽǿУչ˿ֲĶԾһſŴը飬ŷ춼ľʵ̫ǿˡ
ԯݺڤѵӢν콾ǵУЦ˵
еʧ䣬ʵ⣬Ҳˣֻ⣬ʧȥʶǿߵʸ
лᡣŷ絭˵
ͷû˵ѹƣߵһĳɾ˭˵壬Ҳ屻ŷκܹ֮ϣԽڤǡ
˴ս˰ȻԿڤ·磬ԯݺѹ·磬ֱӱߡ
ݵڤʱȴͷ󴮣ƵĲˡͷҲأֱӷɵ˹ŷǰû˵ԯһ̫̬ˣͻƽ߾磬ҲĶ֡
ԯݺûָŹŷǰһս
ʱ磬ֱָŷ磬Ҫ͹ŷһս
ʥԺӶǻһڴŹŷԯݺһս˶սܹĴڣȻŷֵĸ죬ԯݺʱ˾޴ĽŷδĶ֡
㲻С
ŷ粻м˵
ԯݺû˵ֱӻһִֻ֣ŷץ˹
ŷҲֱӳ֣ӲԯݺĴ֣һ˺üԯݺҲһֻ΢ȹŷǱһЩ
һν֮󣬹ŷ緢ԯ޵Ȼ˵սԼǿҪûйŷĿֲȻһУԯݺҲǿˣǺ͹ŷ֤ȣȴһ㡣
䡣
ŷ˫ֻԲ̫ͼѹ¡
ԯݺɫƽϳûл֮ȴޱߵİֱŷѹ¡
˵ĹײһͬʱһԷ˹ȥ
սײ֮ĸ֮Ѿﵽ뻯ĵزʱ֮£ʽ˿Ŀѣԡ
ǧУŷˣüķɳһ⣬ԯݺն˹ȥ
ԯݺȣһһֲǵײȥһֲĴײԯݺᵹˣŷҲ̲סԶС
ҪŴͨˡŷͻȻ󺰵
ŷĻ䣬ԯݺһ˴۾飬תܣһԥûС
ŷ綼ĿɿڴЩЦá
ֻ˵˵ѣû뵽ԯݺᾹȻˡŴ̫ͨԵˣϹŴ񶼵סԯݺȻ֪Է
ֻǿЦŷ̲סһ
ԯݺ¶һĨΣȴԼĲˣŴͨԵܹ˺ϹŴɲ뱻˺һȻƣڵԯݺ˵̫΢ָһ£ܹȬ
Цһ㶼Цԯݺɫÿ
ŷٺһЦԯݺṴ


957 ԮȽ
ָһ㡣ڤ̾ŷı֣˶о𾪣ҶΪŷԲԯݺĶء
Ͼԯݺղͻƣѹڤʵˡ
ԯϲǿһ㡣ŷٺһЦ
ԯݺϹת񹭱ٻ˳ңָŷ硣
ΰ£㵱ӸղŵĻû˵ŷ˴Ц
ǹصʥԺУһս˲ˣȻЩϹŴ񣬶ɫ𾪡콾Ҳʶ٣ܹйŷֱֵģֱ̫ˣһһȺһ
ΪʥԺеţǿãڹŷǵǰҲԵЩеȻʧɫˡ
ˣǽɳ죬ǵĹϵôãϽĸ֣Ҫˡ
Ҹɱ˹ŷ硣վԼСԺУĿ˸ղŵսЩȡ
ʱһ˿ûĶУ¶ʲôȻĵ˵ͷ
ŷǽʥԺĳǳУںȾƣ⣬˶òʹ졣
ܶǵ˾ηĸ֮Уˣˡ콾ǿ˲
˵𣿽ʱ˻ɽһ˽̸³һϢ
ǰǸǿʵֲ̫ˣ˵һǿĴУ˿ںʥԺѪɽ֪ǸǿһֱѲ飬Ҫɱ˽ʡ
ϧһʣųϽʮ콾֮һȴһ֪ǿ߻ˣһܡ
ҵǾãӦҪסԼϾǸǿ߻δȥʿ̸ۣǲǺʥԺĵӣʿһϢ
ŷһɫ䡣
һֻץһʿץ˹ŶԷʵ˭˽ʣ
ŷıˣ䣬ҪһǸʿȻҲ񾳽磬Ǻ͹ŷȣȴ˲֪٣ʱڹŷĿ£̲ס
һ֪ǿߣ֪ʲôУǾ˵ͷˣм콾·Ǹ˶ǹġǸʿڣΪŷ͡
ŷǵһ콾ҪͷˣʲôӵĴڣȻôǿƣ
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ʿɫһףŷȻ˵֪һĿֲǹŷѡ
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ܶҪ׷ȥɽʵ̫Զˣƾǵٶȣ׷Ϲŷ硣
ϢȴԷɿٶȴ
һ壬ܽʣûɱΪһŲȥԯݺ˵
ŷɫƽһ߿ٸ·һ˵֪һҪȥҵѣҲӲ
ĸһ𣬿Ҳ벻ϹŴ֣Ҳһս֮ԯݺ˵гǿš
ŷͷ˵
ʹȫٸ·Ҳ֮󣬲ǵɽ
ʣûĻӹˡŷһȺɽ𶯣ԲﶼصŹŷ
һ𣬶һϣ˹ǽʡ
ʱӣǳңȫƣоֻҪһͻˣ񰵵ȻԴܵ˿ֲ˵ش
嵽ͣĿѪȴ¶һĨЦݣҸɵǸ쵰
ָһվһ꣬ͭսףУһʱһͭɽɢǿϢܺŽδ
һ쳣ǿʿΪڸУ츳ӿֲʱ£ȻŷˣҲһ㶼ţ¶һĨмɫ
Ƕˣɱȫ£ǿޱȣȻҪɱŷȫ
ŷǶˣһΪΪߣܹ޵֣ȻϹŴҪ˱ܣοһߣϾδΪϹŴսȻǿҲֻǺ͵£ԲǹŷֵĶ֡
ܿЦŷ˵նԶԷ
Ǹǿߣɫ¶һĨмɫһ֪˭ЦˡޱȣͭɽͷŲĹԡ


958 ս֪ǿ
ŷֱһȭһ仰ϻûУ˵ʲôûãֻпʵܹöԷķڷ
ǸǿҲ쳣ǿХһͬһȭŷȭͷײһһȫ飬ͬʱɣȫ
ŷһݣЩ֪꣬ٴδս⻹ǵһԼȵĴڡ
ʶһ㣬ŷ粻ҵɫأѪڣɫѪһХء
ɱ
ŷٴγ˹ȥ
üԷսײͬһٸϹֵ飬һ𶯣һ㱻ನˡ
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˶ĶӣֵϹŴ֮ˣʵ̫ڿֲ
ŷ·磬֣˵ʵĺֲܿȻյ֣ҲδܹѹƶԷһͷ
ŷȻʹøֶΣԶݿһϹŴ񣬵ǿߣǸܵ޴ѹ
·磬ͬбѹơ
ԷΪߣǾԵ콾ԾˡŷϾ߽ףǶԷĶǷǳ顣
ȻˣԯݺҲľŷǿĿõģǰȻܹŷѹƣҲǾǿˡ
ǲ֪ʵҲˣΪԼŷһսܹݿ࣬ȴû뵽ԼȻŷѹ·磬ȴͻܲ
ˡŷЦɱ˺ѳգԷսƸӵĿֲˡ
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ʲôԷľû뵽ʹϹŴɱ˹ŷ磬ԷӲϹŴ졣
ˣһɱԯݺͻȻһ֣񹭱һֲļ⣬Էȥ
֪ǿ߱ɫܵһǿвֱӽͭɽǰ棬Ӳ񹭡
䣡
һ죬ͭɽһ㱻ɳȥò֪ǿ߱ɫû뵽ԷϹŴȻǿһز
ͬʱڤҲˣֳǹգֱӶͭɽ֮ϣͭɽ𶯣һ㷭ɳȥ
˹ĶضĲȻԷѹ¡
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Ǹ֪ǿŭͭɽڷ⣬ϣȻˣܵ˴ˣгֿµơ
ŷ֣ü罣ڷ⣬նȥ
罣նһֲĽۣϵ¶ܹһ⣬ᴩڤ֪ǿ߼ȥ

һҽУǸ֪ǿ屻룬Ԫ˻ͷŲĹԣͬʱͭɽסй޸塣
ԯݺٳ֣޵Уһ㶴ͭɽķ
ٴѹ£һΪɣֲ˼㡣ͭɽЩܲסڼ⡣
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ղ֪ǿ߻ǳ˳ۣ˵Ϲŷκһˣ֪ǿ߶бʤİգǶˣҲֻбŰķˡ
ϹŴˣҲֻ˱ܵһ·ߡ
ɱңڻɱ𣿡ŷЦסԷȥ·
ߡ
֪ǿߣͭɽȴ̫ģ㹻İճȥʹǹŷǵĶ֣Ҳ䡣
ɱҡ˵
ǿش㣬䵽񾳽磬Ҳǿġڤ˵гǹգֱָ֪ǿߣɱڡ
һǿĶ֣Źһ˰Ȼӳȥ˵һ޴в
ɱҲδʲô¡ŷЦŴͨԿشԷԯݺǣҪɱԷδһ¡
ŷȷʵСˣһξͲˣ֮ˣȻҪϳ´ټ֪ǿЦȻ徹Ȼʼ黯˲ʧڼ˵ǰ
ùŷǳԾûио˵ʧġ
ͨ
һ𣬺˳
ʲôǿͨŷʵ
һͨҪǰ趨ҹ̷ǳӣǿһˣ˲úõ磬ԱͨղǸǿߣйϵ˵
˻һһǣһǸоеˡ


959 ҽ
ͭɽ뵽һ˵Զʱһͭɾ飬ջһ뿪Ͻ磬һͭ磬ҲµĲĻղǸһӦþͭĴˡڤ˼
һȻ˵Ǿ͹ֲˣ˵ͭ磬ѪǳӾѪ˵Ϊͭ硣
ֲôһɵӣԭǸطˣͭԶŴڵڣ̺޾ܣ˵ʵںʥԺ˵ʵ̫ˣԴĵأһ˿ԴҲѾˡ
ȻˣҲԪˣǲúôĻпܵڵľ硣
йŷʵǲģԹŷҽҪˣʵ̫ˡ
ˣҪɵ磿ƾҲ䣿Ի͵ʱһƨҷšԯݺЦɫм
Ȼڣ˲ΪʱҲǿߣãͭвʵ
ңһˣ𣬽ǽϹŴ񾳽磬Ȼ۷ĴڣϹŴгͬԯһǿƵ˼㡣
ˣҪģǸˣҲ׼һ£ҽڵˡ
ŷ翪ڣԸʺ죬˵еǳأǶڹŷ˵ȴ˵ʲô⡣
ҽɣΡ
һ¶һĨɫ
û뿪ɽУֱҵһɽŷħֱӲʮɷԹŷڵʵµĴ󣬾ϹŴˣ¶ƿ
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һû뽣ʵУڷ⣬ͬһ䱦һȻɢľĹʡ
ŷ˼貵ĹԽһƬ򶼸ûˣȻڤǣ޷е׷ʲô顣
֮һʧˣŷ뽣˳ȫָҿӣȻо
ҷһ顣ŷǺɫ΢΢ЩŹ֡
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ҽְҵܴ̫ʱڱˣҲΪβ˵ġŷɫӹˡ
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ԯݺῴһ۽ʣ˼Ȼɴ۾Щ˼˵ǰɣ
Ȼ³һЩ
ŷͷЦ˵ģֻǺ֪ʲô飬ŻҽΪβ˵ģ̫ʱڣҽְҵӦòҽǸʱ֮鶼ǿᣬȻҲ²⣬ҽӦǰǿġ
˻һ𶯡뵽ʵı֣ǾùŷĲ²⣬δûеҲͬ²һҽǰġ
̫ʱ̫ණʱĳУǸ޷ȫ֪ʸ̾
˵е̫ʱһǿƵʱϹŴǸʱ򣬶ǾԵǣ֮䣬oһǿޱȣ֮󣬸첻𣬺ɨ°˷
Ǹʱ޵У˵һл߽ٵʱҲֹһߡ
ҽܹǲиءڤĿתŷ磬¶һĨЦݡ
һۣŷЦû⣬Ҫҿ԰ۼܲס֤Ҫ޵Ͳܡ
ڤٺһЦûзͬŷ˵ֻ֤ܹҽ
ŷƵǣҲԹҽֶΣۼ֮ǿԼ
ÿһΣʧܸգڤڤһַֹŷô
һҽɣǿ԰ŷ磬ϽУҽɣο϶ﵽ磬ǹŷȴҲΡ
˦˦ͷԺе뷨˦ŷ˵ڸýˡ
΢΢һʱЩš
˵ͷ˹ŷǰ
üһϹŴһ˿ƿأǽ嵱Ҫ㰡ŷһ£ֱӶ״
ĵ棬һСڳһ˿˯ȻδתȴʶڵıԴ
츳ǿ󣬿Ѿ˸ˡ
ʹķչҲܵ˺ܴӰ죬Ȼ츳ʵϾһڹŷǵǿߡ
Խ𣿡쾡Լƽ̫ںˡ


960 ŷĴ
򵥡
ǹŷĻشʮġ
һϲ̲סʵνʵϣе⣬޽⣬ҪʹƽȥĵģԲһֱϵڡǹŷҲַĻ²Ըⱻεġ
ڵ⣬Ҳ޷ֻĻһˣȻΪϹŴ񣬿Ҳ֣ͨзǳİɡŷûлشȴ˵һ
΢΢Ĭһ£ͷ
ŷ˵ûȷʵġҪΪһǿߣģƽӹ
ȫǸСȡҪԴʧȥ˰ԴҲʧȥ콾ʱŷƽ˵
ңСͣıԴʵʵӦñڸǿģϧıԴСˡŷ̾ԽǶڵ״ԽǾ̾
㱾Դһʧȥһ㱾Դս󽵣Ǳܸǲ˵ˡ죬㱾ԴܹѹϽʮ콾ʵֲ̫ˡ
ĬȻЩ̾ϢСĳɾͣڴˣ϶ٲǰˡ
Ҳ̾ʧȥ㱾Դ춼ǿûʧȥԴǶôľޣ
ɾңҲҡЦ
߼ˣСУõľţһΪɣ֮Լͬʱܹ
ղֲֿùŷǶ𾪣Ѱ˼Լܲܿ⡣
Щĥ£Ҳδزһ£Ļñȱ˸ӵ̤ʵߵ·ҲԱЩ˸ŷ̸
˵ͷߵһǳףȷʵ÷ǳιޱȣҲΪԼıԴյԭ
ԷıԴģȴĲ롣
ģһϹŴѣԯϲİһѣ⡣ŷԯݺ˵
ԯݺ΢΢һ㶣Щü
һϹŴȻӵ񹭣Ҳ
һҵʮɷ󣬻ڤǰѳǹػԼıԴҪδһ¡ŷŵ˵
Щһ𣬾ԵĿֲκһϹŴѿס
ҸоƣҲµĲĻģϹŴҪ̫ѡŷ˵
Ѿ𣬵лػﱾԴΪȡĻᡣ쿪ڣɫ΢΢Щ
Ļŷ¶һĨϲɫĻᣬ˵ܶˡ
ãĻҾоŲŵİաŷЦ
Ųŵİգ˺ȻȻǣû뵽ŷ˵Ļ
Ҫ֪ȻϹŴҲϹŴҪ飬Ҳһ׵顣
㲻ҪϹŴɣԯݺǳ˽ŷ磬ֻǺҪϹŴıԴͷųǲǹŷԸ
ϹŴһ˿ȫڣôıԴҲûһ㶫ˣǸϹŴҲǺö̺ϹŴĵֻҪȫڣǸʲôƨͭǿٹĻͲǳˡŷЦ˵
Ļ˶һϹŴڣôǡ
ǾʲôŲŵİգֻһʧܣԼѡɡŷ絭˵
԰׵ϣ¶һĨЦݣѡ𣿡
ϸڣϾһϹŴʹ֣Ҳһ򵥵飬΢һֻҪһֵͱɡ
ػԼ֮⣬Ҳǿķڲһȡİաŷ翪ڡ
ǵͷȻʼ
ڷ⣬ÿһϸǶӦһ磬ڲͣͷŲĹԣעڡ
ڷ⣬ǿˡʱ죬ǿֲģȻǶԸӲ
죬Ļָȫʢʱ򣬻ǶôĿֲ
Ͻдȱţһŷ޵еͷ΢һ㣬죬Ͻ˭Ҳ֪ϽУкεǿ콾վںελã
ڤһûг֮ǰ˭֪ˣ
ɫأԼУڣСգǸܵвתһɵϢľ
һ־ѣɢžɷ֮


961 ɱ
ز࣬ǧһȺҲ޵еҳ֡ǵ־Сܣŷǲµķ
Ȼ֪ݣѾյˣһ»ҰˡŷЦֱǹ־ɫ
Сأĵг
ŷһ֡
Ĵȣʮɷͣħʮħ񣬸أֲޱȣԷɱȥ
ԯݺҲ֣ƿ񹭣ΪǿһСȥ
ͬʱڤĳǹ֣ûУСȥ
ǶսֹȻϹŴҪɫӲӡǸСɫҪӱܣȴһǿסӲ
ҪңǲܵģȻҵ֤֮ǰİٷ֮һܣҲȺܹٵġǵ־𣬳ŭ⡣
еϣʱȻ֣Ҫɱһ־˱ĸо
ѡ
ڴʱŷŴֱͨС
ƵûԷڣǵ־ֵСֿµƣˡ
ܣϣǻӲҵ֤ġǵ־ŭСȻѿȴͷųֲϣѹ
񹭷ĹֱСϣƸӵԣһȫˡ
ͬʱʮħ񶼳СֲĹֱӱСϣʮɷԱһ㽫Сȫˡ
ȻˣСҲ׷顣
ͬʱڤĳǹֱӶСٴش
ǵǿ־ŭҪ޸ܵΣգȻϹŴ񣬵һʵȴΪֲиֲֿͨͷ֣вʵϹŴҲС˶١
ѣֿµƣ˲һˣԡѪǴѪк̳һ
ײʹػԼҲһ㶥סʵһѾˣѰǵгײȻ߶ҪһûС
С飬Ŭ飬ŷЦֱʹýԼʵȻֻأԻ
Сȫ飬Ȼ꾭𶯣ǵ־ֵĴ𣬶ֹ»Ұ˵Ȼ꾭ֱǵĿǡ
Ųɱҡǵ־ʵǿ൱һͨϹŴ񣬵Ǵʱȴ˾֣оԼĩ·
𡣡
ŷȣһֶϻ꣬ǵ־ֱӱĵڡ
ŷɫأֱкȳһֶϻ꣬һ־ļֱЩϹŴƬϣֱڻһС
˶ڷ⣬ﵽһޣǳʲô˷ܼһʱеϢǿ˼㡣
ˡ
һһ飬ŷǵˣӰ
һжѾܹȡʲôӵĳɾͣͿԼıˡǹŷţ츳ѹ֮󣬾Ի콾ߵĸ֡
綼·Ӧ֮û֮С
ϣһİףǴʱϢȴǿףԯݺ߳һ硣
ʱϢȴоԯݺỹҪǿĶࡣ
㲻ĶˡŷЦ˵
һۣԯݺûоԵǿߣֻһ԰ܵģһսҲ˵ʤǾԲ䡣
ԯݺţǲˡȻŷ̬⣬͹ŷһȣȻԯݺᶼЩģһʵ̫̬ˡ
ŷԯݺĻʵһ·ߵڣҲһ޵еĴڣȹŷ϶١
Ȼ첹ȫеıԴѹԯݺᣬҪ״ԯݺᣬҲô׵ġ
ˡ
һ죬չɫȻ԰ףȴܹоǿֲ
Ǻ͸ղǸͭĸȣҲ٣ֻ΢һ֡ı죬ǸͭĸߣδĶˡ
ϲ֣ԺʥԺһֵͷˡŷЦ˵һ㶼⡣
ѣԽǿȻԽˡ
лְֳҡл֪ǹŷ֣ԼԲڵĳɾͣҽҲᱻ˶ᣬΪ˵Ķ¯
ʶһ㣬ԹŷӸм
лңҶԺͭǸһǹĻͽˡŷЦ˵
û⡣
ͷɫƽʱܹѹǸͭĲ֪ǿߡҲȹڵΪҪܶԷҲʲô¡


962 ׷ɱ
ͻȻŷɫһ䣬ǿˣߡ
ԶȥԯݺҲһ㶼ɣܹŷ˵ǿߵģϹŴ
ŷ绹ҪߣԷȻһϹŴô򵥡
һȥǵӰ֣ȫǿޱȡǱ֣ݣȴ̺ľϡ
ϹŴֳɱޣա
ŷӶݣϹŴߣһƱֱӽض˹ŷǵȥ·
ơ
ŷͬʱԯݺҲ֣ɱֻ֡
ȻϹŴϺɱʲô³ǸϹŴȻҲ⣬һֻƱ飬ѪһӰ㣬й¡
ʥϢһƬռûŷľһǿϹŴ񣬿²ڹǿߡ
ʱĴڳ֣ûһʤ㣬ĴȥĻֻ·һ
ԹŷǷǳϣһ˼ûУԶӶݡ
ǳġŷӦЩɱҪϣɫ
ǾݵĵˣǲѪҪɱ㣬ǧҪסˡԯݺῪڡ
һ㣬ʥԺķȥ
дѵĸ֣ʹǸϹŴǿƣҲҵʥԺĸȥɱǡ
׷
ϹŴȻ˹ŷǵĴ㣬˶һֱۣ׷ȥ
һĻ˿Щʿ˭Ҳ벻Ȼ˸Ŀŵ׷ɱʥԺ˽ܡ
һʣŷ硢ԯݺᡢ졢ڤȫںʥԺģصĶ
ˣһ£첨ȴ׷ɱǼˣҪʥԺ
ϹŴ񵽵˭˶ڲ²⣬ȴ˵ݣŷһһҹջǱϡ
ϹŴ£ǶŹŷ缸ˣɱ
ʥԺӣϲľǶɱšһ˴ЦĮǰ֣ҪضϹŷǵȥ·ȴƣʱŷǵгɱ⡣
ǺʥԺĵˣŷ΢΢ЩȣЩѵǾѪĵˣǺʥԺĵˡ
ֻǺʥԺĵˣΪθҡڵĳе㲻ѧ
Ҳ̫ʥԺ£ǵУʥԺҲˡһϹŴĮĿڣԴϸһͭѹ
𡣡
ŷһֶϻǸϹŴ飬Ԫ񶼳ơ
ͬʱԯݺҲ֣ȫֲֶΣɱϹŴ
䡣
һ죬ȫɳȥϹŴҲܣһ˱룬ѪȾա
һˣֱը飬ԪԶݳȥ
һŷǲսǿɱģǶǿֶΣҲԴ˶֣Ǿûսʤϣֻܡ
ŷӣʥԺķϹȥ
ϹŴ޸壬ɫ࣬ŭɣֱ׷ȥûгɾϹŴС˵ǲ۲۵衣
кŷǣ޲ýˡ
һ׷һϣŷоԼȶܶˣϹŴ񣬲ɱĲݣֱ׷˺ʥԺǲŲʵȥ
ȻпϺʥԺҲףִУϹŴܹġ
һˣҲδظ˵ԼܹʥԺδظҳ֡ʥԺ˶ǿߣû֪
ǿߵҡ߳ϹŴ߳ѾǲˣԶǵģǺʥԺĺǿ
ŷ˺ʥԺķΧڣһ
ϾϹŴǿ׷ɱĲһô飬΢һǾҪ
ڹŷɵʱһֱ֣նüġ
һ˼㣬ڹŷոշһ˲䣬ֱӳֱָ֣ŷüģҳֵ˷ǳǿ󣬹ŷɫѾˣˣҲѾԮ
ŷüķ⣬罣նԷĳײһԴǱһɽײһ˺ɳȥ
ͬʱһѳǹгֱӶ˹ŷ塣
Էǹŷ綼ķˡ

ŷԪɢ⣬ںһγϽɫȳһֶϻ꣬ǿֱɱֵϡ


ҽдϢֱϨʬ⾹Ȼֻ׵ǿߡ
飬ǹŷĶ֣Ǵʱȴ˿µĴˣһͻɱ˹ŷ磬Ȼ콾Ĵڡ
ǵķΣŷյ
ɱϵϢյһģһŷԲϴ


963 ϹŴ
յٴγ֣һɱŷ磬˶𾪣ȻǴ˵вĴУǿޱȡ콾ܹвŷĴڡ
ղ׵ǿߣȻܹʵ˾̾
Ǵɱκһ콾Էǹŷ磬̬еı̬Ҫɱʵ̫ˡ
ŷһ·ɱٵһ磬ôôɱġ
պұյŷ糤ХʮսΪһ񾳽˽ܣյս
𶯣ȻϹŴ񣬶˵ĻΪյУϹŴ񾳽ǿߡ
Щһ׷ɱϹŴ񾳽ǿߣһ¡
ʵϣӹŵкܶϹŴ񾳽ǿߣյУյ˵ͷ
ʱŷյսû˿ùŷ磬ùŷذɡ
СһʳһħӰվϣɴСɢһΨҶϢ
ϹŴϢǿޱȣɻء
һѣҲҺʥԺǰҰһ֣߱һֻ֣գֱӽǵӰ£ƿأֱ
͵ӣզ࣬˵
߱棬ҵšһŭʧһӰ
ߣôѧԺĴ鷳յ֪ϹŴǿ¾һ𣬹֣ϹŴһվһ졣
߱濴һۣ촽ȵ
ȻԷˣ߱ȴǳǿƣǸûнǷһùǱɫɫ
߱棬еˣôͬϹŴ񣬼ʹһЩҲǡȣɫ죬Ե÷ǳŭ
׳գϲġ
߱ٴοڣгĲмĸϹŴǳˡ
Ц߱棬ΪԼˣҪˣսѾϽˣҲһϹŴѣΪһˣܹսùˡ
ءŷվ˳߱վһ
ǡҲǳ֣ȫս졣
ˣ콾˽֮⣬вϹŴʵȻ򲻰ϹŴ񣬵߱Ǿȫһˡ
ֻҪشκһϹŴܻ߱ɱԷ
ŷǶǿһʩչȻϹŴ񣬶δܹסһǷǳš
һȺϣߵһϹŴ񿪿ڣɫм
˵ϣ֪УʲôһȺ˰׳ΪϹŴӶŵȣѹߵľ硣ŷЦ
Щ˳Уȴ飬ΪŵȣǴģ˹ŷҪѣûʲôȷʵ˳졣
زʣΪۻ֮飬ƽȵģ֮£ûκǵǱʶУѾΥ
һֱڣٲ߾磬Ϊ
ߣϣǵУƽȣȻа֮Ҳͬ
Ǹ߸ϣΪϹŴףһ񾳽СҲҺ˵ɱǸϹŴԴǼңɱ絶ֱŷ֡
һָһָûǧ磬ҪŷУ޾飬Ҫ֮׽ŷٵ
ߡ
ԯݺߣֱһ⣬Щ磬ŷ֣ü罣ͣԷն˹ȥ
ͬʱЦһһ̤һΪɣѹ¡ƵȹŷԯݺĹҪֲǸϹŴϡ
ɱ
ڤҲ֣һǹһֱ϶Ϊһ
ǸϹŴը飬Ԫˣ𣬳˷ŭԼ޸ŭŹŷǡ
ܣһȺôңղһѾشϹŴˣѪܣɫ԰ףսʧ㡣
Ǳɫʱ֪ĸ˽ܣȻûгΪϹŴҲӡֲùŷܹϹŴ׷ɱӳʵϾǱ׷ϣҲܱɱ̫ǿˣ涼Գ
˵ϣôϴ˵㣬ǸЦŷЦŷʡ
ǸϹŴŭǿԼеҪŷɱȥ
һѽסçײǹ⼤ŭġ
ǸϹŴҲɵӣʱҲһ㣬һȻŷǵ񣬳ɱ⣬վסˡ


964 Ժ
Գ׵ϹŴ񣬼ֱˡڤҡͷ̾
ǸϹŴɫֱ࣬Ҫ̳ڤ˺ˣҲ֪ԸǴﲻɵģϾǵĶԷˣͶԸˣһ߱棬ʵ֮ϡ
ʹԸϣǰڣ֪߱ʵ֮ϡ
棬˭ָʾɱŷģ߱ͻȻ¶ùɫһ䡣
˵ʲôϽϣʲôЦɻɱŷ磬ǱһıñӣʹϹŴҲԲ˶ߡ
Ͼŷݣʮֵ⣬ʥԺصĶ󣬲ʧ
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪվˣ˭߱ʣĿƣڹϣֱð亹
棬Ȼô׵ĳϣЦ߱棬֮䲻֪ͣ飬Ҳ֯ҪҽڶңҪֱ֣ӳְɡ
ӻҪƷľˡ߱Щͷ˵
Ȼĳ֣ƮƮɱ˹ȥѪ죬һɱ𾪡
ɫأȵ߱棬޹ҳ֣ѵԺ𣿡
߱һ仰˵ɫĮ֣ǿգһ񷶼÷顣
ϹŴһۣҪս
ڴʱŷǳ֣ŷ죬ԶһϹŴڤͽʻԯݺᣬ˶ԸǸǻ˵ϹŴ
ǿĲһƬ𾪣ּʵֲ̫ˡҹŷǵı֣ĿɿڴһȺˣȻܹסϹŴȻֻǶݵĵסҲ㹻ˣϹŴôˣҲǿһͣɱڤȣԯݺ˷ĹǵĹ˵ϹŴвǳ
񹭣ΪϹŴÿһ쳣ֲҪһ
ڤеĳǹȻϹŴȴﵽϹŴĳ̶ȣ֤ܹеĲ
Ǹ˵ϹŴŭܵΣգ֪ԼͻƲ⼸󱲵ѹƣ䡣
һɡ
ͻȻŭֱӶϹŴ壬һŭ𣬵ȻûнڤǹֱӶϹŴԴϣĶڿУǹݺһԷը顣
ͬʱԯݺ乭ֱһ
ǸϹŴԪ˻ܵвǱһУɡǿܱʩչǿֶΣҪס
ǲִ֮£ȻϹŴҲ֯ʲôЧķʱֻĿԼȽ
ϹŴ񣬽ھˣʱûа취Ծȡ
ˡ
һ𣬴һ˿̾Ϣ
һӳ֣һֻԯݺǵֱӱˡڤһ䣬Ϊǵˣֱӳ֣ǹգȥ
ס֡
ԯݺһϽ
ʱѾˣڤԷɣ꣬һ㷴ûУȻϹŴҲδܹ׽ڤһڤıסˣԷһָͷ㵯ԼǵһӬһʵʵ̫ˡ
㵽˭ڤʵ
ûиоԷɱ⣬Ҳ̫ģֻһǿߵĳ֣ǵѲЩֹ
ԺڴʱǸϹŴԪ񣬻ָݵ
ʥԺԺڤʱ֪Էݣֲô
кʥԺԺпһǿߣڿı֣ʹҲԶˡ
ɣҲסְɡԺڣ˵ĶС
߱˶סˣɴ˿ɼԺϡֻйŷ磬ڶԷסֱ֮ӳ˹ȥһǸϹŴƨϣ߳Զ
ǸϹŴŭ˻Ҫ͹ŷ
ˣҪˡԺǸϹŴĶһͣվûٳֻ֣һ˫۾ݺݵĶڹŷϣ˷ŭ
Σҵ׷ʲô飿ԺʣֱѯʹΡ
һһҪתӣΪãԺҲǾ쵽ʲôͷո𣬱㱻ˣʵԺǰߡ
ϻ߱ǣһᶼûС
뵽湰ֵһж߱Ĵ޹ʴЩͽǳ֣Ժͷ߱񡣡


965 ܾΪԺ
ԺÿɷŶһùһֵģԺԼһЩ飬һ˵֣ʱΣˡ
ϰ£ЩĶԺ
Ǿͷ߱ꡣԺͻȻڣ˵ĻùŷǶȣ˭û뵽ԺȻ˱˹Ļ
ͷӣǲǺͿˡŷվ˳Щ˵
ҲͷӣҺһᡣԺЦ˵´һԼȻЦǲҺ˧𣿡
ΰ£ŷǵɴ۾ΪԼ˻þ⻹ǸղǸׯĪԺôͻȻһС˿һ
߱ȴûһ⣬ϰΪһ
ͷӣˣúЩ㲻ܳͷ߱档ŷЩ˵
ã˵ģǾġԺڣ˶ɵۣ˭ҲûмԺȻô˵ʱ
߱棬Щȣ֪ԺȻʲô鶼ĳȴһֱԭûиĵģȴΪŷһ仰ȻıԼľʷǰġ
Ժ߱溰һ䣬Ҫ˵ʲôȴԺϡ
Ŀתŷ磬ԺЦЦ˵ҴӦˣ̸һҵ
ŷƲƲ죬֪ûа׳Ե͡
˵ɡǲں˵
ȻԷҪԼ̸ŷŲҪôأҲԷʲô
ҪʥԺһԺԺڣŷһֱΪԼˣǶһ
ԺȻѡŷΪ̳ˣǶû뵽ġ
ԺĻŷԥǸӣڳ˶Щ֮ۡ°ͣԺһɵӣ˵ɣλãж鷳
ŷ˼άͳ˲һȻףվԽߣξԽǴӦδѧԺԺȻҪһΡ
鷳̫Ļŷ粻߱ȥȥϾĴ˵ʱ䣬̵ļգۼ
Ǻ鷳һңڣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡ԺЦʡ
ŷҡͷȻ²ԭЩνǰˣϲգñȥ£ùŷ翴ִеûµۡ
Ϊϴ󰡣Ȼϴ˭ܵסңԲܹңڣλãԺϴˣȻܹһңԺһ˿ջ󣬲һùŷ͵ͷӦˡ
һ̣ԴһѣϽҡͷ
ÿϧû뵽Իô̫ղҪǴӦ˶áԺЦ
ŷһڸӲӦˣôһָоԺףڿԼ
㵽ΪʲôҪҴӦŷѯʣԺ£ʵ˿͸ΪԼΪδԺ˵þֶΣԻֶΣóˡ
飬ʱ֪Ժ㣬ֻҪӦˡԺ˵
ŷֱתߣԺ
׳գףȥɣӻȥϢˡŷߵĺѣڳˣĿɿڴ
ڤ̲סЦһȻŷ뿪ķҲ뿪
ԯݺޱ飬߱΢΢ͷŷ׷ȥ
뽣Ҳһڹŷ뿪
عŷѡ񣬼ȻδԺͳȫŷ磬ġ
һ̫ˡԺЦ
ǱˣԼҪԺδԺλãǻֵĲвеģǹŷȴһ⣬ҶϤԺͼ
ʵԺ˼Ҳǣ鷳Ӹŷ硣
ԺùŷδԺδ̫Сƹŷ˰ɡ߱ѵõЦ˵
߱ôһ˵Ժ΢΢Щȣѵŷ绹ʲôĲɡ
Ѫ𣬽ȻҪײãһǿҵĸоŷ̤ʵ磬ʱΪס߱ɫء
˼ˣǺʥԺȻ濴ȻĴˣǱأȻ̫СˡԺЦ
һδĻߣһԺⲢʲôҡԹŷľܾǺġ
ʵ´ˣŷ֮ԾܾΪʲôҲҵģһԴ棬ûЩ
ʵϣŷֻ鷳ѡ
ŷ罫ʵ˵ȻȽ˽ŷΪ˵ļһЩĿɿڴ鷳Ծ;ܾ˺ʥԺδԺλãˣҲһ㣬ϾʥԺϽеӰ̫
һĴУв֪̺ŶôӴľ˵ʵ


966 Ͻ
Ҳ̫Ϸ˰ɡ˶ЩЦãŷɣʵ̫ǿˡ
֪Ժ֪󣬻ʲôо¾ΪҲᱻѪɡ
ҾͲϲЩԯϲ֪Ǹ磬ΪǶˣйҽκûСŷһЦ
ԯݺҡͷȻбŹŷ磬Ժ׼ҴϲģȻҶ㲻
ʦˡŵƮȻ֣ԯݺԹŷЩ⣬ԥһ£˵ʦԯʦǲҪ۸㣬Ұ
ԯݺͷðߣ
ŷǹЦһͽܣָоǲ
Ҳ͵ЦڤǾҰһԯһ
һ١ԯݺڱǲŷ磬ѵǲڤһסڤֱʧǰ
㲻ԶԶĴڤĲҽС
˴ЦһǰʥԺúڤԯݺع飬ԯݺ˧ɣڤȴ˺ۣһס
Щ˺ۣԯݺһʱỹɢȥ
Ҳн졣ڤӳڤǰʱɴ۾ɫβסϲȻڤŰ˷ǳˬ
һ̣ЦΪڤһֻץסڤӣȻ뿪
㲻ڤӵĲҽдȻ̲סЦ˳
ȻڤҪ磬ձԯݺŰһѵڤȻὫŭйڤϡ
վס
һһȺ˵˹ŷǰ档
Ƿ裬мһˣֻһ񣬶Ҳ콾ȴ˴ӵһŵӡ
ŷɵ˭
֪ǿ϶ʶңΪĵճأԺҵ׷ˡǸ񿪿˵ùŷĿɿڴĵİ㣿
ԯݺᣬ̲ס¶ɻɫҲͿˡ
һȺˣŷ絹ǿһˣǱˣѧԺʱǸŮӣʱŷǵ񣬳˵⡣
ȻǸ쵰ǰҲ˵㲻ĵûɡŷЩۡ
棬ŭֱŷһƳ˹ȥ
ŷվûжϻƽʥһԷֱӺɳȥ⼸ȫˡ
׳ա
ŷҲĵת뿪
ԯݺҲʼ磬Ͳ⣬һˣȻͷʵУԲᱻǿС
ʦ㣬ڸô죿һѧԱʵ
棬洦ӣнڳ֡Ů˵
˵ͷǺܵӹŷ磬Щ˶һЩӾѪĴУھѪһֱܵҪŷǡ
֪ˣղűŷһսû˵ŷǣ֪Щ˻ôһ뷨
ңԶı½һŮӳ֣Ź֡һʧһƬɽУʥԺķϹ
Ů뿪֮һȺ˳֣һںУɢżаϢ˳Ů뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
ŷУо鷢һˣʲôΣա
ָоùŷз꣬㣬ȴû㵽̫ȷϢֻǸӿ϶˶ѡ
˭ˣܹϽ磬벻ɫǣǵʵҪϽ磬Щǿŷü
ɫǣֻǹŷһЩˣһĨɫӰʱ
£Ͻ硣һ˲䣬ŷ縣٣һС
ѵ˲Ǳˣ£ͨأҪȡһҲһ˲䣬һӴ죬ֱӽŷųȥ
ҪѣγԼĵųһЩ̽
ߡ
ŷߣֱǿֶΣн֮Ҫľࡣ
գл׹˸̺Żصܡŷɫ䣬Ȼȡһֶ̫ˣиУҪ³ͷ
䡣
һ׹£ŷһһѪȴӼᶨˡǿбƾʥԺ
𾪣ŷ򣬸о⡣ǿһƬأ죬ȻϹŴ񣬶ȻޱȣǶ顣
ҳ
ŷٴʵڳһϤǰ
ۣ
Ҳһ̣ŷըֱӷˡ


967 
ֱӺضԿֺǼصģŷ翹һ磬Ȼܹһ磬Ǻ⣬ȴǲܵġ
ը飬ԪһжʧɢԭֻѪǣ˵ŸղŵĲҡ
ԯݺɫ䣬ŷ羹ȻˣǲԸš
߱һⲻܡվһ뿪Լķ䣬ŷСԺ档
Ҿ֪Ļǻģ˺ð֣̲סЦԵüΪʹ졣
ס졣
һŮӳ֣ѩŻʥϢǴʱȴ˱ˣĻֱӺǳ⣬ϹŴݡ
СҲҺǳҡŭ
Űѩʱȴɱ죬˵棬һֱʦֻΪΪϹŴ񣬾ûܹƵס𣿽һ죬ұؽ㡣
ŵĻɫ䣬ŵгɱ⡣
߱кһһӴɱ棬ɫֱӺˡ
ҵӣǸҶʮҶҪɱ㡣߱Į˵Ļùһ
濴ˣʱ߱棬ŭˡ
Ҳǹŷ̼߱棬ʱǳ£Ȼ濴һĺĸо
ǹŷҲ֣˵ʱɫǳ£ɱ⡣
˭֪ʲô飬Ϊʲôŷ𣬵ǹĻȴŭˡ
죬˵ŭ
ԯݺҲͰˣһδй첻һƽʱԹܿʱȴһ̬ȴת䣬ŭ˼㡣
첻˵ֻȫ
ûʲô˲ģֻʱȽϳѣʱ࣬ɱڤ֣ɱ죬ǧħƣγصƣ˾̾
ŷ졣ԯݺҲֳ֣񹭣Ƴ졣
Ҳ֣ͬһ仰˵һȴԵüΪֲ
ŭ˵һ̵ĻֲɱˣڳļˣȻĿϣùǳһܡ
ǻʵûʲô˵ˣȻҲʼˣڳ˶Цá
Ҫ뿪ȴԼ˵ԼҪ뿪ûôףֻҪҶ⼸˾ͻᷢǿĹֱ
ʶһ㣬վԱ
Ҳ̫۸ˣ˼ҺôҲϹŴ񣬸һ¡һЩϷʵ𣬹ŷѪڷ⣬Ԫۣ»ָΡ
ֲѪȻδʲôǣһĿɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽
ҪɱңôףүҲôҵġŷЦѪ¡¡ڵƣһָ۷״̬
棬ʧˣҲһԳɱҡŷЦ˵
һû˵¶ҪԸŷ˼ڳ˾Բ֡
ҹ棬Ѿ֪ԺҪùŷԼļ̳ˣȻĿŵĳ֣ȥɱŷ硣
ùŷǶ֣Ժͻһɱǡ
Լ֮ŷܲ߱˵ת뿪ûжŷֻҪû£Ͳˡ
ŷһЦûе⡣ղųȡõµϢùŷЩ׷ɱħŮ˶ǳǿħŮ⡣
ʦղŵ׷ʲô飿ʵ
ŷ罫ħŮ˵˳ŷѣϽ磬ұ׷ɱ֮Ǿȡ
һʱ䣬Թŷǵ̫ˣǽ٣ȻǱ׷ɱһħŮ׷ɱϽ硣
ȥ£ϵŮŷ翪ڣʱԯݺŻһ
ϣ֮һѧһд򹦵µ棬ŮȻ١
һȥԯݺſڣһԥûС
ϣ˵еŮȻ׷ɱҲȥҪ֪ж棬ѪսϹ䣬һ䣬д󹦼ǲǵŮ䡣쿪ڣϡ
ŷǽĿͶ˵ļ棬ũµһս̫ǿƵ֡


968 Ԫʥ
ŷǾȣҲǾѪ
ŷǵɫȻ֪Щʲôҡҡͷһ˿ѪǷǳϡٷ֮ʮϸ˵㲻ϾѪ
ԭΪõϽͨ飬ԲŻĽŷǲ⡣
ȻǾͳɣǼ֣ȻϹŴҲһսŷЦ
˸ջصﲻãˡһˣȫǿߣһ֣
ɫŹŷ뿪ķ򣬲֪Щʲôвͣ˸ŵɱ㿴Ȼʵʲô
߱̾ϢһʧԼס
ŷ뿪ʥԺ٣ŷӦĵطȥ
½ʥԺľ룬ǷǳңԶģŷǲ߲ݣһµʱ䣬½Ե
ҺڹŷĸӦУ²ûʲôΣգȻܲȴûΣ
һǳأϢŷ˵
ǽһǳأȫͷ棬Ȼʶˣ¶δܹϳȻʵòԼԵͨվȺУֳȻʣúܶȻ֪һǿɵĶ顣
ǽһ¥ʿͣĽ̸˵ԼļʶֻǹŷǣûõҪϢ
ŷɫ΢΢ЩżʱϵԽã˵ԽΣա
˵ԪУһԪʥ˵ǿٵ֮󣬵һƺ֮ϴġͻȻһ̸۴ŷǵĶߡ
Ԫʥ𣬼˶һۣ뵽¡
ŷ˵ǸöԷ
һŽ׵ǿߣ½һˣϽ磬ȴԵòʱŷǸʱҵ˹
λٻСʲô飿Եúܱ΢ŷ羳Ȼߣһȴ쳣ֲ֮ηһħһ㡣
˵Ԫʥ𣬳ʲôطʲôӵеġŷѯʡ
ŷʻһֻѯ⣬鷳Ͳˡ
һ£˵˵һŮӣԪǳ֣ʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥ˵кܶǿڵΧɱŮӳȥˡ
ˣŷɫһ䡣
ӦˣնһֱۣԪʥ˵ŮӦԪʥΣϹŴ񶼳ˣҪȡԪʥ𡣡Ǹ˵
л
ŷ絭˵ͻȻһ¡ʱŽ׵ʿһѪ
˾ȣѯʱ⣬һõ˴ӦȻԼ˳֣Ǿùŷ̫ˡ
ͬеʿǷŭվҪֻһ
ʱǸŽ׵ʿͻȻŷȥл񣬶л񡣡ޱȣǻʲô䱦һѶɵˡ
˰ɣ㣬ôлʿһѲ˵
ԼһۣʿһЦղŴһƣȴôİˣҪ˶ãҾܹΪˡ
˻һѶɴ۾ղһƣȻˣҲֲ̫һɡ
Ща˵ˣʱĿŷǵķȥȴһ˶ˣŷǲ֪ʲôʱѾ뿪ǸղŵעĻˣûзֹŷǵ뿪
ղ˺ϹŴװİɡ˾÷˴ԵһϹŴ⣬Բκơ
Ļ䣬ҡͷ϶ϹŴǸ˺һֻ񾳽硣˵ļΪ϶һԥûС
񾳽磬ֶΣҲֲ̫˰ɡ
Ҫ֪һЩˣǳƣϹŴʱ򶼲ܱ⣬κ˰ˣҲ񾳽磬ֱˡ
뵽һˡͻȻ˵
˭Щʵ
ŷ硣
϶˵
˻ȻҲֻо˵ҽĹŷ磬ܹ޵ı֡
ŷ˱½ΪǸԪʥ𣬿Ҫһˣҿ˵˹ŷɿϹŴһȺһ֣ȻϹŴ񣬶ҪѪ˾ޡ
кϷˣ˵½ҪѪɺӣ޺Һ񿴵Ĵսڿ龪
ΪԪʥ𣬲֪ǿ߳Ȼһս
ղŹŷı֣ӦԪʥѣԪʥʲô⣬ǿ϶ŭɱ¡
˶ۣͬʱŷϢѾ˳ȥ


969 彣
ŷڱ½ȻϹŴˣǽĿⶢԪǣȹŷǳ֡
ܶ˾ãһԪʥŮӣǹŷѣЩ׷ɱԪʥˣŷ벻ŹԷ
֣Ҳ˲м⣬ЩУȱϹŴɫĮվھϣӲãϽ硣
֮ܶǲŹŷʵΪûв
ϾŷȻ죬ҲϹŴ񣬲ΪϹŴվϡЩսпĳɷ֣ȱٵľԶﴫ
ʲôŷ磿Ǹҳ֣ʦһָֻͷ˷ŻɫưħԳĵӣΪһͷëԳʱһ꣬ӢǷס
һԪʥʦ־ڱصãŷʲôһѣѵΪԼˣǸҳ֣ұɱһͷ棬Ϊһ峤ǿޱȣףϽʮ콾
ûлΣħƣգڸǧ񷡣
ŷ磬һȽǿѪѣҲҵȣǼ棬ɱͬһϡһֻӢУ죬ͬǱ壬״һСɽɢ˵ϡ
ǣи콾Ԫǣб½Ӣܣ
գǸߵĴеٮٮߣ޵еʱҲ֣Թŷ˵⡣
˭˵Ҫɱŷ磿˳֣ɫʮء
ңǺˣ
һͷƽʨվ˳£˸һΰһ弫ǿ߱ɱ
ƽʨӣҪɱŷ磬ҾҪ֮Уһ˿ڣܴ𾪣ҪɱƽʨӣҪ
ƽʨЦףҲԿ⼸˶ŽףȻǿ󣬵δĶ֡
ԣƽʨСģ彣ӢпڣѪ˸ˡ
彣ͣжһƺų֣ϹŴ֮޵еĴڣֻڹŷһΡ
Ǽֱƴ˵ˣˣȻӢĴڶϣҲûбʤİա
ǡƽʨһݡ
ŷΪǵĺѣѣ·ǰ֧֣ڿʼ˸˺ԪʥҵȱȻɱ彣ģ񷡣
彣Ļһ˵ڣ𾪣Ҫͱ½ĺܶսҪ֪½ڲ֪жˣ׷ɱ׷ѰԪʥС
ͬ彣˵Ҫɱ˼ֱ̫ˡ
ΪԼ޵ˣƽʨЦͻȻһʨӺر飬ǳ޹⡣
彣ܵ׵壬ͬʱˡúܶ˵ɴ۾彣޵еģڻƽʨǰǻǿƣһʨӺ㽫ǻˡ
ˡƽʨȻҲû뵽һ㣬¶Цݣһмӡ
彣񶼱ˣǷ彣ûеǿ󣬺ܶ˸þ
׳ա
Į˵ֱһնʧɫ޹⣬Ƕֱӱˣһʮɽڱѡ
ɫĽնѹϵ¡
ǿֲһƽʨȴ¶мɫһһֻצ˳ȥֱӽ顣
Ȼƽʨǿޱȣһħɽһ㣬ƽʥƣǿޱȣǳɱȥ
ѣǺȻ˺ƽʨӵг𾪡ǻƽʨӵܣʵ̫ˣȻӢǶ¶صɫһ̫ˣǵ߱ɱȻ鴫Ѫ֮ˡ
ɱ
Цһ㶼ţ彣˲䲼һϢһ̣ÿϵϢˣǿɵֵ
ƽʨӱɫ޴ƽʥŨˣܵΣգʱ彣ǳ£в
ɱ
彣Ƿֱնһ
ƽʨӻըֱӱɱһ飬Ԫ˻ǿܱҪȴһôûУֱӱɱ
µһĻ˱ɫҪ֪ǻƽʨһΪǿһھȻˣ彣һлɱϹŴҲ˰ɡ
˭һսĮɨǿһۣò˺ˣֻ˻վǰɫĮޱȣ𽣵ɨ˹ɫ䣬ȴҲˡ
棬㲻ֵһսɱǣûֹȥɱԪʥˡڣĿֱӶ׼档
ߣСɽ嶯һ£ȴûгȥǽĿӢУ˵ʵ̫ˣӢеѺβһ֣ɱˡ


970 彣Σ
ӢѪһ¶һĨЦݣԣҲ֪ܴܲ彣񻰡
һëԳվ˳ħɫϣħƣԵ÷ǳֲ
ҡ
һվ˳ӢȴɱƣŽףȴǳǿ
˵ۣΪ½˽ĴڣǿޱȣǰһʱͻƵ߾磬޵֮ơ
ĸǿߣսˣ˭ΪӢǵ٣Ϊĸһ޵һǿߣһˣ¡
彣ȻʵǺǿ󣬳ƲϾ˶ϣûκơ
һְɡ𽣿ڣɫĮ
£Ȼ˵ʵڶԷǴʱȴʮ㣬ԼǵĶ֡
ӢΧ£Ĵǿ֣ǳˣǵĹڸȥ
գڱΰ񷣬ħҪ졣
Цն죬һִĽնײһͬʱˡ
һν֣𽣲Է
ɫҲ΢һ㣬һŷ֣˵ʵĻҲǱľԲеôһɴҪһսҪ
յĽȴעģǱɡ
Ӣǵţ֣ԺɨһСϹŴ֮޵У֣вϹŴˣ彣ҲǵĶ֡
һսޱȣѪڷɽ
˺ȻһֲսϹŴ֮棬ȴ÷Բض㸲ˡ
һ룬쳤Х޴ӴħƣǴӻ߳Ϲħ񣬿ޱȣ彣Ѫ嶼ըˣһС
ӢиǱնѪˮһӴԵÿޱȡ
ڽëԳͷ­նΣʱŭ𣬻ѪԵޱȣûܵشмβһˡ
սزȻ彣޵УʱҲ;ƿˣǻԡѪսȴ˿գֱն䣬ĴǿѪͬʱҲܵ˿µشѪȾ񷡣
սһҵľͬʱڳҲף彣Ϊʲô޵еͷĴǿߣͬʱһսһزһ彣޵еġ
뵽ŷˣĺǸѪѵôǿ

ëԳͻȻЦȾѪһ㱻ɱǴʱȴǳġ
׳գЦʲô𽣽գնޱȣëԳɣը飬ռѵ޸
սһز޵Ѫɿݣأȴǿ߲䣬彣עҪ䡣ëԳЦĻһͷɫħԳ˳ûнëԳǿ󣬵ҲԶڵ彣˵Եġ
ɣҵ׷ߡۿڣǿ֣߳ȫɫУͷɣʹϽʮ콾Ҳֻǲһ㣬ʱŽףǿ
ӢҲһֻӢг֣վϣ죬֮һ׵ǿߡ
ͬ˻ͬʱһֻҲ֣ϵϢ˿ԿóܴˣһĺȻһϱǿߡ
һȺ˳֣Ҫ۸彣ǡѪսһ彣Ǹûսˣ֮ԺЩԿ
彣Ϊŷ׼ģ֣ܰɡЦ˻Լ²ȥɱڡ
ŷǲȴ彣ɱţϲ飬ǶɡǸϱǿ߿ڣ¶ѪЦݣȻ彣ȥӴѹĲ彣ѹ䣬彣ɱɫ
ֻӢҲˣǽ彣ΧУɱڡ
̣Ȼ彣۷ʱ̣ҲδܹԸǣοڲ۷壬Ѿ֮ܶ˶ãˣһûС
彣ȴɫ䣬Ǵս˲ҵĵزôȴƽޱȣֻսգֱָԷ
һ̣˶ɣȻ彣˵һزҲǿµģ⼸Ҫɱ彣ûôס
ǵս죬Իսһ̣ӡ
һȺ˲У죬˭˶ȲǣȥɡǸ濪ڣ彣Ǳƽɱ졣
ǿҲƽɫĮ彣ϵ⡣


971 ת
彣ľƺΣգȻɱЩǿߣǽԺòȥǱȻҪȫΪǴʱ۷壬۷ʱһʵ
аëԳ޳ܣ̣һǿߵ˲ݡ
Ǳ½콾ǼʶˣԭһȺ޳֮һ¶һĨЦݣĽҲЦ
˭ȣĿⶢһɱڡ
һ̣һֺֻնֱӽѹ·Ȼ޾ֱը顣
ԪŭطȻָһֵɫ
ֻһһĨɱʵֲ̫ˣȻʱأ۷ʱڵսһ㣬ҲӦ
ëԳҲһʵ̫ǿˣ۷ʱڶҪֲ
Ȼ۷ʱڣҪѹ״̬ǣҲôɣղŲһ㱻ɱˣʵľ
㲻Ҫɱˣ㶯ְɡһȺ˳ȫָ˱ĿŷһĨЦӺͲмĿһιȥ
ȻϹŴڼʱҲ̬ȣδӺͲм
ǹŷ硣ͻȻ˵һ

𾪣û뵽ڹؼʱ̣ŷ羹ȻˣǿƣеĺҪ
ֻﲻԸҵڤͻȻڣĿӢУĿ˸ϲĹâ
ӢдŭӢһţҪΪӢһ峤ȴҪշΪβŭ
ΪԼĻ۵ġӢ
ڤͻȻֱ֣Ӣץȫɫֱӳ˹ɱڤ
һֱӳ˳ȥӢлȫɳȥѣһˡ˺ȻŵĶڤһƳӢлô
󣬲ƶϳǺʥԺǸڤһ쳣аԵǿߣܾϽһħͽҪ
ʢ֮ʿڤеĸǿ
ᣬӢлԶڤŭڤ֪ǿ󣬵ӢһеĸӿֲңӢһ岻ġ
ŷ̲סЦ˳ͻȻϽ磬Щνˣһ˲ûʲôͬڹؼʱ̣ὫԼͱ˵ñ˼ɵ
ӢУԭޣϲҵɡڤЦ˵ȻʲôӢһ塣
㹻ЩϹŴ񼶱ʦһɿֲܹ֤ڤϽкˡ
ڤûзĴ㣬Ӣз飬һҧȻԶȥȻҪ
߲ˡ
ڤڣĿҪԷ
뿪һᡣڤЦ˵Ȼһ̤ʧ˵ǰ
ֳֻʣ¹ŷǣëԳɫĮŹŷ磬ɫȴЩԥʱ˭ҲˣǵݲǴʱ˭ܹŷǸǿ󣬾Ӣǿ߶ˣٵѹӾ޴ˡ
Ǹ棬ߣ˭ɱ˭ŷָ棬˵˿ûнС
ǳӣŭΪһǿߣΪڸ߾磬ǸУҲٮٮߣǴʱȴŷӣܹŭ
˹ŷ֣һǳ޹⣬ħ죬һѺɫħն䡣
ŷЦᵯָֻµħֱӱ飬٣Ȼŷ˳ȥ
ɫ䣬һӡ
ĻȴѾˣŷֱ֣˺棬ѪʣԪ˻ҪȥȴŷһץУֱӾн
˶Ȼʲôӵͨɱһߣֻһ˲䣬Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ̲ס
Ԫ˻Ҫŷƿأȴͽ޹ŷƿУֱ顣
һǿ䣬ɫ޵ڹŷɨתߡ
߲ˡԯݺ乭䣬ǿޱȣһ𣬽ը
ֶڲϹŴɱǼµġ
ɱ˺Ȼŷ̫ǿˣҪɱѵ¶ԷҪ֪ǣһеٮٮߣδ֧֮һһ⣬Щ˶Ȼġ
ëԳһĻԥתߡ
ŷҲ˳ȥضգëԳסˣ˼սУëԳѪȾ񷣬
ͷħԳҪɱŷ磬ȴŵסֱӱ߱ɱһûС
һսʼȴһ浹ģֻһӢǸǿ߱ץ˻˶ɱڣŷնɱ


972 ħԳ
Ԫһս£˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˲ҡôǿߣȻȫɱӢһĴˣǱ׽סΪ
һϢȥ˷ƶǿ߸Ҫɱŷǡ
ŷ磬ҹһͷħԳƣһֻնޱȡ
ϹŴ졣
ħԳ֣Ԫ𶯡ڴʱ𣬽Χм䣬彣֣ħԳɱȥ
𾪣˭ûϴ뵽ǼϹŴ֮µʿѣȻħԳצӣҪ֪ô˵ħԳ涼ϹŴǿ˲
ȻţŷڶݵʱڣԿһ֣ɱϹŴ񶼲һ¡
ǣűϾǴţ彣ûս
ԣ˲彣
䡣
ħԳŭֱӳ֣һֻ޴ħצգ彣ڸ˹ȥǿҪٵһֲ˼㡣
ϹŴܣµ˼㣬˲
彣ڲּ޵ѹǸܵ˿µѹ˼⣬Կ߶Է
䣡
ֱ飬彣ɳȥǿըˡ
վŷ죬Ȼ彣һ޵УϹŴϣվ硣
ǲźˣ޷ϹŴܡ
СҲҶֱ֣ЦħԳЦ£ɣûǿУһֻѹ䣬ȻҪ׽Ԫǻٵ
ң
һȺ߳˳ȥǴϳ˹ȥһһλγһɢſֲܡ
ԪûϹŴ򣬵ԪǵĿֲȴκһϹŴĳǳ֮¡
һ˸ߣɸɱ󣬿ɱϹŴ
ħԳղŵĶȻǴԪǵĵߣԪǵһλֱӳ˳ȥ
ߴײħԳһֱֻըѪ
ǼµһĻϹŴѪһһѹ񷣬·£ǱϹŴѪȾĵطȫڣϹŴѪҺУ̺žɱһĸߣܲס
һߣһѹɽǿޱȣ¡
ǶħԳ棬ɱڡ
ȻΪϵħԳ棬ǽϳɴȴ˿Էֺ
Ǹҵ塣ħԳŭڷ⣬Ѫع飬ٴλָ
һħԳ棬ɫгɱ⡣
ħԳ棬ԪǣܹҰĵط뿪һߴۣΪͨ졣
ɱˣֹˣǶҪħԳǳţȻôĸߣԷɱųܹɱϹŴ񣬵Ҳ˿壬ɱ絶ֱָԷ
ŷ飬ԼҵطҪԪǣħԳ㲻ҪִԲҪҪ಻ţǺ͹ŷ֣Ǹ߿ڣȻвħԳ棬ħԳ汩ŭҲ֪Է˵Ļûеġ
ҲšħԳЦ˵
ϹŴȻһųܹɱϹŴɱҲ˿壬ɱȻ
鵽һѾûʲô˵ˣֻпսܹһУ˶
һߣǺӣٴ׼֡
ŷһ˵λѡ
ͬʱԯݺ˶վħԳ棬ɱڡʱȻħԳ涼̲סɫܵµв
ԷȻһϹŴûУô˶֣д˵ܹϹŴ콾һսô
ʶһ㣬ħԳ泤Хһ֡
ѡ
ŷȣֱ˦ŴͨħԳֹȥ
ħԳȣȴⲻˣüһµƣŷһУһشԪ
ħԳŭХǧħһħ˻¡ÿһħ񣬶һߵʵࡣ
ǧĸһ֣ʲôʹŷǶ̲סɫ
ɱ
ŷǴȣûкˣѡӲƴǿ춯أʩչԼֶΣħԳĹ״顣
һ֣ɱ
ŷȣԯݺǰħԳ淢µľɱ
顢𡣡
ŷһ˲ŴֱͨħԳѹ
ħԳɫͻȻѣֻһԪ棬һڲͣʴԪҪԪ
ǿµһĻһϹŴԪһ߽ǿߵУ


973 ɱħԳ
Ų࣬ɱҡħԳԪޱȣ޷ƣϹŴԪŲ
𣿡ŷѪͨʵ̫ˣֻʩչΣο϶Ҫܵɡ
ʹԹŷ츳ǿҲܱ⣬ȻҪɡ
ڴʱų֣߱˳ȥħԳɫܵˣǶϹŴܡ
ϹŴȻȴܹɼµвرֻԪ档
䡣
ħԳԪһ򣬵ס߱䣬֮ɫʱħԳŷ֣ԼСţҲС߱䣬һ𣬱еҪǿ
һ̣ħԳԪķѡ
ҲšħԳ淢ʵ˻ЩˣӦ޵еϹŴھȻ䵽һزҵ˼㡣
ûʲôòŵģˡԯݺ񹭺գֱ˳ȥħԳԪ档
䣡
һ죬ħԳԪ񳹵ըͬʱҲֱ֣ѹ£һħԳԪ
ħԳ淢ʵ˻ܵˣԼſµĽѣĺп䡣
ʣ֪δˣȴҪˡ
ųΪһȻʱ򣬾쳣µģȻħԳϹŴҲ⡣

һҽУԪ񣬱ʹ࣬һħԳһҪɱ
ڵ״̬Ҫɱеôס
ȼûϹŴԪҪĻûеô򵥡
ڴʱŷ˹ֱֻأһԪֱСȻ꾭𣬼ֻصһԪ񣬳ʧ
ħԳɱɱʶһ֮˶סˣ˭Ҳû뵽ŷǣȻɱһϹŴ
ԺֻҪŷǼһǾǼµģϹŴ񣬶Ժơ
һˣʵ̫¡
ų޵е彣ʵȹŷһڤǣʱһֵĻϸͨѾԽһϵϹŴ
ħԳȻҲǵĶ֡
һͷӢкնǰĳʱ򣬶ʱɫһ䣬ԥתȻ֪ħԳģϢȴƭħԳ涼ˣʵҲħԳǿȥ
˭ɱҵͽܣһͷ棬Ĭƣ㿴ӢߵһĻ
Ȼ֪ʲô飬ӢжˣϹŴҲɵӣֱתߡ
ߣۣȻҲϹŴţǺȻˣϹŴԸΪͷġ
Ͼŷ綼Ϊ壬ȴݣΪ壬ʵе˵ȥ
ԾѪԾѪǲǽ嶼ˡ
һѾƽˣŷɱһϹŴ񣬵Ϣȥ֮˶ˣ˭ûȻĻˣڲϹŴʱɱųٲϹŴ
رħԳϹŴǱϹŴеٮٮߣԲܹаԵʵȻǴʱȴʿնզࡣ
ŷ޵ˣȻΪϹŴ񣬵ҿǳΪߵʱʵϹŴһսˣܶԷԪһ˸һ˵ġ
һߵĻŶȼߣ˶Ȼ¶𾪵ɫԪʥں˸Ҵˣ˭±ŷɱˣҪ֪ϹŴ񶼲ǵĶ֣ǿǷͻĻҪŴ
ϾŷҲǹ¼ҹˣǻѣиɡ
ڹŷ֣վźֲܶϹŴЩһ֣Ͻ綼Ҫս
˵ģǸ𣬾ͲһʵܹģȻųƲĴУֻҪû򣬾ͶԲǸ
ӣò˶ã¾ͻˡŷЦ˵
֮ôĶֻһĿģ
ϾôĶ²ֻҪ֪ԼԪУ϶ŷţµĴʵҪ϶һ¡
Ԫʥ𵽵жôˣ֮ĺ쵽һģ϶ͬ졣Ц˵
𽣵ĻҶͷʵҵ˼ǲģǶãԪʥ϶ʲôģϾ۴ͷϣǴʵϣ¶Ӧóʲô⡣


974 ڷ
뷨ڵڶͱˡԪʥٴγ֣Ԫǣڱ½ԵһǳأڷǣһϹŴ֣һɱԪʥȻˣԪʥϣһѪ⣬ԪʥȻˡ
ŷϢ֮󣬵ŭ죬һԲֱڷǸȥ
ŷӣ˶֪һŭٴ˵ϢҲѹƲסԼڵɱ
Ƕߣȴ£Ҫ֪ܹ뵽һ㣬ԷҲܹ뵽һ㣬Ԫǵ·ϣ϶˼գµʵǿҲܶȥԯݺ
һΣҪɱһѪɺӡŷ˵
Ѿ˾ֻҪѰҵĹУҪ³ֵˣҪɱ˶Էһ㶼顣
ŷĻԯݺҲŷ顣
Ǹڷǣһ·ϣ˸ڷǣһ˵еףҪ˺µĴ㣬ŷĨɱԷ
˶֪ŷˣһɱ
ȻϹŴȻǣûаջħԳ棬οһɱħԳˡ
򲻵ѵ£ǾԲͬ׵ĸġ
ԯݺҲ֪ŷ˼ǵɫҲǳÿŷӣ³⣬϶ܲҲʱʱֱӾͳɱҲ˵ء
еǣڹŷ¶ǵɫʦİɣʦòġ˵οԼʦʱҲֻܹοԼʦˡ
˵ĻŷǾȥġ
֪һʲôģˣǲ鵽ǸϹŴ񵽵˭ˡŷҧгݵ˵
ŷĻԯݺǶΪǸϹŴһˣǵıˡ
ϾԹŷ츳ãܾܹϹŴһսˣʱ¾ϹŴ񣬶ŷС
ԣǳ˺ѪǿߣȻӵˣȻҲӲŷ׷ɱǳʮԾȫĿ⣬ڹŷǵϡ
һȺЯžɱúڷǶڲ
ϾǰŷǻɱһϹŴսϽ𶯣ϽУϹŴ䣬ҲѪ֣ӿʱϹŴ䣬ѾԤǿµδ
һʮһˣǸ콾ǽٺڷǡ֮˶ŷǵ񣬳˾η
ǷǳµһȺսǿ󣬿ɺɨ¡
ȻϹŴ񣬶Ӳ
£ˡŷ罵ٺڷǣһʮ
رɫŷͷŰϣ𶯲졣
ˢ
һȺ˳֣ȫںУɢżаϢ׷ɱµȺˣŷ̱㶴Ϥǵݡ
ܶ࣬ʮʱɱʮĶŹŷ硣
ŷʵ
к˸ǰһȺˣƽʥ죬һ޵еĻϢ
ѾڻɱѪͷĺΪߣǹŷܹоǸе޵ڵ
Ļʹŷܹ϶»ţǻ̲סһɫѿ
֪ŭҵĽǳ¡ŷĮ˵
Ҳֻֻ֪֪ҪǾѪҪݲþѪĴڡͷǸЦԾѪ˵ӡ
׷ɱҲԭ򣿡ŷĿˡ
ǸͷĺȴҡͷǾѪֻǺһŻֻǴҪΪ¯ץġ
Ҳ˵ûŷЦ
Ԫʥδղӵˡһ˳֣һͷϣǷ
Ǳ½˽֮һ¬ǰ˽ǿһˣʵɲ⡣ʽ͵
ĻŷͷȻˣȻǶˡ
ĻһڣԷȴЦǸͷ쳰ĶŹŷ϶֪Լ˵ЩʲôأҪɱǣƾǣΪЩͨ𣿡
ţʵ㹻ǿԸ汾Ͳηŷǡ
ĺҲЦ˳
Ц𣿡ŷʵ
ɫ쳣ĮһЦⶼûС
Ц˾ȥɡŷһ䡣ʮһ˶ˣԷʮֱӰΧ
ĿɿڴְΧеŤ
ʵȴŷȻ٣ȴԷֱӰΧˣһַǳǿƵ
ɱ
Ǵ󺰣սֱӱ
վһߵ¬кһͻȻҲˣֱӳ˽ȥһ˫ץסһˣĽԷ˺ˡ


975 Ϣ
ʲôЩ߱ɫ¬
¬ЦҲǾѪ
˻һƱ½˽ܵĵһˣȻҲǾѪֻ֪¬أʵǿɲĸо
ѪĿֲ𾪣ĻѪÿһ˽ܣ쾪Ⱥ۶
Ⱥ˷ŭǷֳһЩˣɱ¬ս
ȺѪȾ񷣬Ȼͬ˵ǶһĸߣڹŷǰҲֱӻɱѪȾ񷡣
ֱһ˱նɱ¬Цŷǹ˹֣Ȼֱʧ
ŷЩ⣬û뵽Ͻ磬ȻܹһѪ¬ı֣Կţڹŷǡ
ŷȾѪɷ죬ڷǣŷգɨԲѰħŮĺۼȴʲôûз֡
ҵħŮ䣬һŷ緢ͣνţţ˳ΪϵĴڡ
˻һ˶ľţǾϵķǵõϹŴá
ȶԣԪʥ֮ȣͲ˺ܶˡ
ֱӳȥѰħŮ䡣
ŷںڷǣȴϢ
ûзֿʮһѾΪ˸ĿꡣǺһȻϹŴ֣Ҳη壬Ƿ룬Ҳ⡣
֣֪ԼɱЩʲôˣһգ¬֣һ⣬ùŷһ¡
˵ŷʵ
һŽĴУųħ磬ǿޱȣгԹѪΪʱǾΪǿĸ֮һ¬˵
ʲôŷһ
ԷȻǵĸֻڿӣȻ;ѪݣһŽ磬ȻǹŽĵˡ
ǾĻһĹͣ棬ϷӡǵڣȻڣҲֻи߿ԳϹŴǿг磬ᱻӡɱ¬ٴͻһš
ǸŽ羹Ȼųħ磬뵽Էаӣŷƺһ㶼ûд
ȻϹŴԤ㣬ǳֻʱ䣬ʱҪ£¬˵ùŷ𾪡
˵лʵǿߣ֪ǲģǿԿ϶Ļǹ𣬸ǼϵĴڣɺɨ¡
ǿߣŷ¶ȻɫһֲϢһȻϽ磬¶δܹסһǼϵĴڣҪ֪ǸڣһǿǿߣȻΪǸǿʱܹҲһʱǿĻǸʱûлʱ
Ǹʵǿߣһңһֱ˯ڣʵˣԺתǿ㣬Ҫˡ¬üͷ˵
ѪĶͷһʵҪˣҪѪ
ˣŷĿɿڴ
Ǹʵ︴գҪǸӡʲô£ûʲôġ
ǽܣѾ˴棬Ĵܡ
ݲ꣬ӹŵ񣬾кܶණûʱУǳ־϶бʷ¬˵
ŷһѵлʵﻹ
ŷɫ¬Ѿ֪ʲôЦ˵ݴô򵥵ģǵȵжǿ޷ģһŻߵȺǵȣǵϡ
޵еĻ߶ŷȻ޷Ի͵ʱݵ׶ôǿ󣬶ħֻһ磬ȫ
İɣʵҲˣҸһ仰ҪĸĸΪϹŴ񡣡¬Це˵
ʲôŷһ¬Ȼ֪ԼĸϢ
ŷʵ
ϹŴֻгΪϹŴǲԸҲȷʵֻ֪Ǵġ¬Ц˵
ܸое㲻㣬бϹŴпֲĸоòݳƻǸʱĹתɣŷЩ𾪵˵
¡¬ĪЦˡ
䡣
ŷֱһƳȥ¬ɳȥŷƲƲ죬ֹð
¬ԶԶʧʣûٻŷһ˲
ԪʥϢԯݺͻȻһŮӡ
ŮͲģδΪ飬ЩηĿ˹ŷһۣ㽫ͷˡ
ŷЩʵ
ɽģҼסһŮӣնûɽУǾȴ֪Ů˵۾ЩŹŷ磬š


976 ɽ
ŷüŮӵĻЩţһɽŶȻԲǧ߱׽ЩΧ
Уͱҳˡ
ŷɫŮЩ֣̿һԯݺᡣ
֪ɽ⣬һ󻯳ɵģԹǲģƻĻûʲô飬һģƻɽܵɽĹȻϹŴ񣬿ܶסԯݺ˵
ԯݺĻŷȻ
ڴɽסŷЩ⡣
ԯݺ˵طӦһأ޷档
ǴĺˣдѪֻҪִŭеԹͲ¡Ů͡
ʲô֣ŷЩȵʵ
顣
ŮĻشĲôηηΪҲ֣ǰ⼸˶ǻˡҲûѹ˵ΪԵ÷ǳƽ͡
Ҳſشŷǵⲻôη塣
ãǽȥɽŷ˵
ȴûжǽˮĿŷ磬Ҫšŷɫһ㶣Щη壬
ΪʲôŷЦʵ
Ǳ˵Ļ뽫ԷƭˣСŮ۹ŷôԷһƭӡ
룬ŷǵͷԡ
óһ飬棬Ǵڤʯ泭дǿ֮һһķš
鿴һۣıȥˣͣ˸ȻɫȻҪˣùŷ羪ȣŮ̫ˣʺһۣҪˡ
ŷûʱŮǿдŮӵ̣˹Ȼʧ֪ԼʧȥһλᣬЩĿ˹ŷһۣȴǸŭ˵
㲻ȻһλᣬҵµĻһƼȥʥԺʱʣɣŷ絭˵
Ѿ˲ķԲŴԷ
ŷĻ۾ʥԺҲЩ콾̫ȥǶҪˣȴһ
һõĻᣬһѾû䣬һˣʥԺҲѪзŹʵһ졣
鼸˲䣬Ͳˣɫ
ΪǴ·ɡŷ˵
ͷһ뿪
ŷж֪ŷǶǵõԪʥϢǲŻ˶˳ȥ
ܶ˸ڹŷҪ֪ᷢʲô顣
˶ԪʥڱصãеķԹŷķ̫⡣ȻҲǶԾ֮ˣе⣬ȻǹŷѣȻҪɱ
һЩˣΪ˽ħŮץסȻ͸ŷ磬һǾܹõŷŵʹ͡
ɽŷڵĺڷǣǧڳˣΪ͵ľ飬Ҳ磬Ҫˣһ룬˵ֱ˵
˲䣬Ǳɽʵòʱ򣬹ŷ̲סһ
Բǧһ޴ɽѲһһԹ죬ŷǶܹܵеĿֲȻϹŴӲҲҪ䡣
ϹʱڣǿʲôزΪ
ǵʼ棬Ǳħɱġ˵һϢùŷ𺳡ǸղŻ룬ҪʲôӵĴڣܹɱ֪ȻħԳ֡
ֲжĴ񣬶Ҫ䡣ħ֣Ͻ֮У˭ƥУȻħ˵ȴǿһߣҲֻһߣ˹Ҳ࣬ħǱΪϽһˣ¶Ϊ
ħ棿ŷֵʵ
ǣʼΪɱ˲飬Բ鱻ɣħų֣ǳȻȴܹʼ鿪ڣ˵ĻùŷĿɿڴ
ħ棬˾ȻΪΪ񣬶һɱ𣿹ŷеš
ʵħ沢һﵽǸ磬ѾûоԵƶˡڤڣħԴ˸еħͷǻֻǱֵһЩˡ
ħֻһƺܾ˵Ըˣǽȥɡŷ˵
һˣֱӽ˴ɽ
ǽĵһ˲䣬ŷǾܵ˿µĹһֺֻ˹δ˺Ļȴ˿µܣҪɱŷǡ


977 ռ
ŷֱӳȥһȭŭȵҹȥ
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һ֮£ϹŴܾˣ˶𺳣ŷսȻǿһزˣҪ
ֻԯݺܹµŷղŶ˽ĻʵҲôǿơ
Ҳ˭סǧҪҳʮҶҪɱ㡣ŷ𶯷Բʮض·ڲҪһ
һߴеǸϹŴվû¶档
ŷһˣֳо˵ŷڤԯݺǣһսϹŴ񶼲ɱġ
ϹŴˣԿ
ŷУ𺳡ղײȫ֪ҹŷǿƣ
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ŷ˵һ䣬Ĵ£ŷµĵط
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ʶһ㣬ŷһſͣһ£ˣĻͳ
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ԯݺǶʱ׹ŷ˼ˣҪɽһ飬ֻҪħŮ϶ܹʱħŮ
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ĳħŮǳģŷǷɹȥ
ڴʱֺֻץҪħŮץС
ŷһԯݺˣֱ֣ײһǺˣվǵס˶ԷĹ
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ڤһɽײ壬ûʲô𺦣˺ɽ壬ܵԹɱˡ
һֻ֣ŵסˣ߱ޱȣһ㽫ֻѡֻԼҲܣѪڡ
߳ŷǰֱ˽˹ŷĻУȻ˵ñħŮһᣬˡ
һĻԯݺףŷΪʲôҪ£ԭħŮĺ֪
ǵɫŷβ֪ЩʲôûĵЩһۣܴܲһˣˣǺܴŮϵ
ŮϵˣأŷЦءԯݺѵõĵ٩˹ŷһ䡣
ʦáŴк
ħŮȻƤǴʱҲЩɬϽӹŷĻվ˳ˣ֮ûʲô
ɵۣû뵽Լŷˣ֮侹Ȼûʲô
ѡ
ͬ˵Ĭһ鴤ĬҪûм飬ǲء
ŷȻҲû뵽ЩεĶһۣ֪˵Щʲôˡ
İûܹ˺㡣ŷתƻ⣬ͬʱŷˣĿɨܣȻЦ˵ģ𣿡
ĻһһȺߣȴûȻڰ
һȺС֮ʲôƨ飬ʲôϹŴ񣬲ˣҹԶ㣬ҪǱҼסǣȻ̤ƽˡŷǿƣȴǱɳܹһ㡣


978 ǿ
ǿ֣߳ĿɭȻڹŷϣɱ⡣
ȻŷĻŭǣЩ˱ϾǿߣԼϣƣβŭ
㣬ŷ˲ӦˡһߣϴŸϢǴ˲֪¡
ǿȻ޷ϹŴУȴǿ
һϷϲģҲ˵ȻҲµ⣬Ǿȥɡŷ翪ڣɫĮһֻ̽Ǹ߸Уǿ𶯣ֱѪ
˾ôһ̫ھˣһɱһߣȻϹŴҲ˰ɡ
ŷ磬ɱԣûеУԻϣһ֣ɱ˴ⲡһվ˳ղŵǺѣץԪʥ𣬾ΪԪʥԼ壬ԼٴӵгϹŴ񾳽Ļᡣ
ݡ
ԯݺ乭ֱӻɱߣը飬
ŷˣ֣ɱˣ˵ˣ˼ΰӰվǵĽ֮⣬˶ߣܹŷǵв
ϹŴ񣬺ݣΪԶǣŷЦϹŴ
һΪӢУǱڤӢеʦһ棬ǿ󣬻ħ졣壬ʱУʥϢ˸̲סҪĤݡ
ǳǿϹŴ񣬾ԯݺǶзֹһʮһˣҲܹϹŴսϹŴ񾳽ǿߣǸͲǶ֡
ѪѾǵʱ磬ǿƣȻѪҲ޵Уǽ춼עҪ䡣ǸϹŴɫսףһսţ˿µɱ⡣
Ϊ壬ػԻͣѾ㹻ˣϽ֮Уо֮˵ĴڡһϹŴҲڣһ£ûκι⻪˸ȴӿ£һ޵׵ĺڶһΧһ
ʲôˣΪζԾ˷ߺޣŷѯʡ
ĵˣͬǻѪڿ֮սߣȴ֤Ǿݵû䡣һϹŴҲڡ
ǵĻ˶ԾЩ˾ȻǾݵ޵У֮İȨȴսˡ
Ǳʱջ֮ҵ˻ع֮·Ҫ˶ã᳹׻ص硣ǸϹŴЦ
ʲôӲŷˣڳ˶ˡ;һȨǿ壬ȻҪعˣҪ췭ظ˭ܹǣ
ȻǿߣһҲδǵĶְɣʱûбūۣҲⲻ˱ū۰ɡ
ӢϹŴ˸
ϣݻѾʧ˭ܹ壿Ȼѽ磬ǸϹŴЦ
׳աŷ粻м˵
ŷĻǸϹŴɫһŭŹŷ磬Ե÷ǳŭ
˳ڴʱӢкͻȻڡ
ϹŴһӢ˵ѣѵӭع飿Ҫ𣿡
Ӣɫһ䣬˵ֻǲδǿ߶ѣӭӭ壬ʵҲûʲôϵϾҶǲ˽⡣
һȻǿҲòǣЩ˶벻ǵĶ֡Ҳڣɫ΢΢Щ
ϹŴŭǸܵŷǵĿս֪һֵĻδǹŷǵĶ֡
λϹŴȻ壬ŷٴлˡŷһ֡
Ӣһû˵ֱ뿪Ǻ͹ŷгԹǸһǿĻع飬ʱ磬¶аˡ
ȻΪϹŴ񣬿ҲӲū۵³
УֻоѪֿµǱҲܹǿ塣
ʮһϹŴЩɵ̫η壬ϾϹŴ񣬺ų޵Уڲŷ죬ҪǣҲףοɱǡ
ǰ֡ŷͻȻһ֡
ڴʱһѪ⸡֣һֱӽϹŴСǿѪⱬ磬뿪ԶӢк𺳣ǶһۣԼѡ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼֺ֡ʵϹŴߵǿߣѪƵɱ죬ȻǺʥԺ߱档
ΪʥԺĸ֣Ȼڹŷǵ󣬰ŷǣ˵˺ʥԺԹŷǵӡ
ЩˣãпҪ⵽ʥԺı


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ԳǿϹŴŭû뵽ͻȻһǿϹŴͻȻ֣ǳ֡
˱һֲϱʵͲ߱棬֣Ҳδ߱Ķ֡
ǱѪɫУͳ岻
߱˫ݻ𶯣ѣѪʣѪɫգѪɫǿˡ
𡣡
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˲ҽһѣԪ񰵵һ
䣡
ֱ߱ӶüʵѪɫܱǣϹŴУ顣
ϹŴʧòǿߣĿɿڴǿǱ׷ĸ߶ȣڿȥȴĲһ߱Уûжٵֿ
л档ŷ繰֡
ԯݺҲ񣬼߱档ħŮ΢΢Щȣû뵽ŷﾹȻǿϹŴš
ûϵˣʵǾѪĵˣĵˡ߱濪ڣһ
ŷһ磬ĵˣñʵе̫ˣȻѪ
Ǻ;ѪһһԳư壬ǵĿģǳư棬ū飬һŭǧѪУкܶĹŽ磬ġ߱浭˵ùŷľ֪ν壬Ȼʲô壬߱˼޵£ɱ֮
ʵݻѪͳߣǣϸʱǿ壬鶼Ҫǿ֮ǰв鶼ǣȫˣֻһѪɹˡ֪߱ܶණΪŷǽ͡
оѪΪ˻壬Ǳʲôʱջ֮أһֱڣҵ·ŷ²
ӦģʵЩҲֻ˵֪ҪĻҵʼսһоˡ
ʼ֪һУŷ羪ȣ߱˼
˵ͷ֪߱һУǹսҵģҪ˽κζҲֻҵʼս֪֪Ķ
߱Ļŷ˵ͷֻȻɻԼʼ棬֪Щġ
в²ֿܣնˣǹŷԿ϶Լʼ棬ԲԼеô򵥡
Ҫǻعˣ֮䣬¾ҪˣҪ֪ڿûоݻ壬ȥֿЩǵ˵
һǶõģȻǻع飬Ҳеǿǵߣڱȫʣµıʱջ֮أѾû֮ǰǿ󡣡߱˵οˡ
˵飬΢һ㡣
Ȼ岻޷սʤģǾͲˡڳ˶˽ܣֻҪʱ䣬ǳɳ϶ǿ
Ҳܴ⣬Ȼǰڵ磬Ҳǰһǿ󣬾ݻ岻٣磬ǿ߶ûмڻߣѾΪ˴˵Ǿһ磬ܹס𣿡߱潫ŷʱɫһʼˡ
ŷ˵û뵽档
Ҳף߱˵ûдڵ磬֮ǰʢʱ򣬲֪˶ٱ
ǰ彵٣ʹܾ£Ҳ٣֮˿⣬ܹġ
ҪУ֮䣬̫࣬ȻΪϹŴҲܿһУΨܹǿϤһҪȫлߡ˵ŷһۡ
ɳΪߡŷ˵
ŷһ㶣Ϊߣû뵽ȻӵлѪǹŷҲ룬ԼܹΪһ۷壬ﵽذħǸ磬Ҳǵͷˡ
޵Уĳϵ޵УһֲֿĴڡ
رǵߣŽ޶֡
֪һЩʲôΪߣﵽģҪ簲ҪˣƽӣΪߣġ߱浭˵Ŀǳ䣬˹Ž
Ҿͳɻ¡ŷЦ˵
˵ĺɣÿһΣ˵رأһ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ߱¶һĨЦݣûʧҲǿֻҪŬˣڽҪ磬еô򵥡
߱˵꣬һ̤뿪
˭Ҳо߱ȥŷ֪߱Ըǲͬеġ
Ŀת£ŷͻȻһ


980 ۷ս
£ôˣŷʵħŮɫԣܵʲôµش
ǿߣǿٻҵıԴҿѹƲסˡħŮѵ˵ʱһ㣬˵嶼ڲ
Ļŷһŭʶգʮ֮⣬ܵһǿĴڡ

ŷһ޴Ӱһ
ǸǿɫĮָᵯŷ飬һѪ۷ս𡣡ŷҧгݡ
һ۷ս𣬺ǿнħŮıԴǱɹħŮǡ
һȥɱܹϣԯݺֱӳ˳ȥ
ڹŷ磬תħŮֿԷ
ѪڣħŮɫÿ˲٣˹ŷԷҪʩչɹıԴȡҲһ׵顣
ʮ⣬һսֱӳ޾С
ȥǡ𽣿ڣ˳ûǿС
ϴսϣ£ǿ֮棬һſŴը飬ΪǿޱȣǸ۷սΰޱȣ廯أߴɣԯݺǴս·硣
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ꡣ۷սϳֿµƣȻܵµĹǷǳֲģȻϹŴ񣬶δܹȻס
ͬŷŴͨһǿ˺ϹŴ
ͬʱ彣Ǻ϶ΪһͷųĽһ̣ǵĹâϽ磬ǿĽããУ۷ս
۷սջطֱ࣬޾ǿС
ԯݺߣֱһɫļ⣬Ǹ۷ս𶼶ˡǼ֣սǿϹŴ
ʱħŮɫҲÿ˲١
ŷ߶ԼıԴԼѪΪħŮˣɫÿ˲١
ллŷ硣ħŮЦ˵ɫÿ˲٣ڹŷ£ȫˡ
ӦģȲҪȻصڷǰɡŷ˵
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˾ηУŷصʱסʱ򣬹ŷüѯħŮһЩ
Ҳ֪ô£ЩħˣͻȻðһֱҵңҪҴߣʲô˵ʲô¯ħŮᵽЩˬ
Ե޹ʱ׷ɱһֳ飬󻹲һˣȻ᲻ˡ
ûа㣿ŷ羪ȵʵ
˹ŷһۣܹµϻδȥħŮһ㶼⡣Ц˵ҲΪʲôʱô׼ȷҸڸյһؼʱ̣ǾͳˣҸ׸Ͳ֪
ħŮЩƣ͹ŷ̸ȴ˾סˣϾȻδû뵽ġ
Ҫ֪ϣų֮һǿϹŴ񣬲һҪΪˡ
ǸݵʵҪٴ
ŷҲЩȣʱô׼Щ˶֮ϵĴڣҶҪߵ·һ˽⣬Ż׼ȷʱ䣬Ϊ
ȻϽɣϽȻҲǿڶ࣬ڵĵطȥȴûһϹŴ񣬸֡ŷ˵
ʥԺϽֲĴ֮һȻյǿʵںʥԺҰ
һ׷ɱǵϹŴҲںʥԺ֮⣬ȴˣɴ˿ɼʥԺǿʲôӵĵز
ֻҪʥԺУȻħǿߣҲ벻ֱӳʥԺ
Ҳôģ½Уûжˣ̫ûȤˣϽưԡħŮЦе˵
ڵΪһףǳǿٲŲ١ʵԿƿֲˣҪ磬ҵһ֣ʵǺˡ
ҹãĲ»Ͻ磬ʱˣЩһɶʡ͵ĵơħŮЦ˵ǿֵˡ
ŷȻ֪Щһʡ͵ĵƣǽϽ磬ȻһսʱϽ磬¶ð
ΪùľЩϽ콾Ƕܵܳʱɧţֱս
Щ𣬵ȻҲһЩΪս䣬ϾЩϽ콾˶֮ЩԷǳᣬսߣԲ顣


981 Ѫ
һֻأһǿߣϽУǿ޵Ȼӣп䡢ܶʼһֱˡ
ȻǿߣδܺϽ콾ȡŷҡͷ
ҲЩУĳһ󲿷˵ʵ벻Ͻ콾ϾϽ콾ʵ̫ۺˡ
ҲһʵܴЩ·ϣȱţϽ磬ǿ˵δػϽ콾ħŮЦ˵
Ͻ磬ɨϽͬһ޶֣¶ʧˡͷ
ԪҲǴ߳ǿߡڤҲڡ
ԪһϽܣԪŮӨȣɴ˿ɼԪǿ
Ԫ磬ϹŴǿߣϽУսʵֲ̫ˡ
Ҫδ̤·һǿЩͨͬһʱ̳Ͻ磬һƬ޵𽣿ڣǶЩ˽ⲻ١
ŷ΢΢ЩȣΪϽǿߣӦ޿ɺģʵȷʵǿϽʮ콾һܹ񾳽磬Կߡ
ŷ統ʱһ·޵УҲոһ㡣Ͻ磬ǿߣǳģʮˣ˵Щϲ֪ġ
ŷΪϽǿģ֮ͬ޵еҲǿġڿȷʵеˣС硣
Զȱ֣ÿһʱ콾Ͻ硣˵
Сˣ֪ϣûпͬΪеˣŷЦ˵
û˸оŷ˵󻰣ΪŷʵһֱڣҲûз֣һܹ֮ͬУйŷֲı֡
ҹûˣ̫̬ˡԯݺᶼ̲ס˵
Ϊڹŷ֮ϣԭڿ϶ԶԶŷ硣ʵͬУڴ󲿷֣Ҳ񾳽磬Ķ
ǹŷ̬ģûˡ
Ͻ磬ӣħŮЩ⡣
ȻĹУŷһЩţվ̫˽⣬ʱǵĻ̲ס⡣
֮ͬ޵аˣϽ֮УϹŴ񣬵ȴԴҵˣŷ˵
߽ףһߵ콾֣Ȼܹ㣬Ҫɱ㣬ȴף֪ɣҾǽ߾֮󣬶ĿϹŴˡԯݺ˹ŷһۣЩ̾˵
ҲֻǶ룬˭֪أϹŴߣһʵĲ࣬ҲԿ⣬Բܴǡŷ˵
ڤҡͷδأ츳̫ˣʱѪһҲڸӾҲ˵ء
ѪͻȻ¶һĨݡ
֪ŷЩ⡣
µͷ˵һ޵еѪֻд˵еİѪܹȣǸϹŴǰ˵壬Ҳ²ĲĻеõѪ൱ǾѪеĻѪ
޵УҲеУ˵ľǰѪɣŷ羪ȡ
ҿʲôѪҲδǹŷĶ֣һɲǾƾһѪ֮ɳһġԯݺ˵
֪ŷһ·նԼ壬鷲壬֤ӵлѪ񾳽磬㿪˻Ѫ۴һ˵ǰѪҪǿԽŷʷΪǿĻѪ𶼿ԣĴڣʹѪҲܹѹ
ҶԹŷġħŮЦ˵۾Ե÷ǳɰ
Ҳͷʦ޵еġ
̫ˣȻǶôģȻҲģʲôѪֻҪͳͳѹŷЦ˵
ںڷǣͣĲãŷħŮָ۷״̬֮һʥԺ
ʮӰնʮ˶ɢǿϢ˾㤣ȻϹŴ񣬶Բҳ֣˵гء
ǺʥԺһ·ʥԺŷҪʥԺ
Ժĵطˡŷ翴һۣ˵
ܹʥԺ𣿡
ŷͷȻѾˣһ˼ʥԺԲʲô¡ѧУҪԼһӵġ
ףóڵСԸΪʦһɫ۵Ůӳ֣ŷϵŮˣһϹŴǽһ壬͹ŷǵĹϵǳãѩ
ȻǸܵڵĲԲҪͽģʦŷ˵
ףںʥԺУû˭Ȱѩʺĵʦˡ


982 ţǵ
ŷĻҲûһɣͷݡ
ãӵдѪȻܹһΪҪллŷ磬ΪɫһӡѩЦ˵
ˣҲֻжĳŵѣѩԸΪͽҡŷЦ˵
ʱȴתŷİһ£лŷǰ
Լ°ͣŷЩԼǲ̫ˣȻҲǰˡŷһƵӣԯݺ̲סЦ˳
Сһ׮Ͱѩúһ죬ϣҲܹΪϹŴʱ츣飬µŷ˵
ͷ֪ˡɫǳ棬ŷ˵ͬ˱֤һ
ŰѩˣħŮЦ˵ǵһμأ湻˧ġ
ħŮĻŷЩһֱô˧òá
ˣȲ˵Щˣǻȥɡŷ˵
ħŮҲסΪʥԺĵӣʵòܿںʥԺ˺ܴͷ
磬ˡ
һգһʥԺһӴϽ١
¶õɫһ䴩գϵǸˣɫ
һ꣬ǳ֣һŴһ磬תɢľΰ
ܵĿ⣬ںһƴЩʩչѹˣȫƺһһѪ
ǺȻԵǿ󣬶У콾ʵ̫ǿˡ
ҰСӣȻǺѧԺҰҹڤӳ֣׹սףү֡
ƣǴӵ߳һµ˼㡣
мЦһǸһƳ
ǹⴹ䣬ֻ֣ڤӸȥǿڤӱɫһءĿռ䶼һƬ˾
ȻˣȴסԷһƣ飬ڤӺɳȥһɽУ˺Ȼ
Ҫ֪ڤΪʥԺʮ֮һȻǱŰʵȴǳǿӹɵģֻĶ֣̫̬ѡ˭û뵽ʱȻٴΰˣһʮֱ꣬һƳɳȥ

һڤӵг˲ʣԡѪ˳׹սͷſֲɱ˹ȥ
һǳǳ硣ȣһǳ磬ڤС
һŴǳڤӳ
һ˲䣬ڤӵ飬Ԫ˻𣬶Ͻֱӳ˳ȥ
ֻ˵ģܣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡûж׷ɱ˵һ仰
ڤӲһҪɱˣܣԼһڶԼһ裬ڤӴŭɱڡ
ҡͷ㲻ҵĶ֣Ҫˡ
ڤӴŭ֪ԼǰĶ֣ȴ˲ʣԼ涼ˡ
ǰ̤ռ仯ٴγ֡
ˡ
ߣֱ֣һֻѹ䣬ڤӻѣ̧ͷ˶Ȼһʲôӵ״ʮ콾ڤӣʱȴһֻѹ䣬ѣֳ𺳵ݡ
ҲʰڤӴŭ쳤Х
áƲƲ죬һֻһڤը顣
ΪҲ֪˭ڤҴһֲҳֶԸҽѵ㣬ΪҴЦ˵
Ȼ֪ڤӵݣ˵ֵģԺʥԺ
֪˭ˣţǣǹŷ硣ڤŭ²⵽ţǵݣȻķŭ
ţǹһЦȻڤӲµԼݲ⣬С⡣
ʥԺҪɱӡڤͻȻʥԺ
Ԫںˣţٽӽˡ
ֲϢ٣֣˵ֱţǴһһᴩ֮䣬˲ǿ˼㡣
ţǸܵвǳתǰѹ䣬ĹײһȻ˺ɳȥȴûܵʲô˺
ӦþǸҪĹˣ˵ŴҴ֣ɩӳ֮󣬾ˡţЦȻϹŴҲǵʮ㣬ԷҪɱô׵ġ
ߡ
һ֣ɱŷ磬ΪĿŵѧԺɱŷĻд鷳Թŷߵʵδܹɱŷ硣
ţȴһǺʥԺˣ漴ʹɱҲ˵ʲô


983 Ĺ
ϹɱңûôסţЦǳ䣬ֿŶԷĹĵס˹Ĺɱ
ǳ磬ɱţǴ𣬴һǳ磬С
治̫⣬һ̣ǳ籬ըˣǿùɫ屻˺ѳһѪɫĿӣϹŴѪҺʥϢ
˭ûţǾȻǿһزȻϹŴһսʱ򣬶Ѫˡ
ʵʵ̫ˣڹŷ
ŭһ⣬һ޾Ĵ󺣣ţѹȥ
ǳƾ죬ţɫ࣬նϣˮ
ɫȻ˫ݻֲĹ켣Ȼبų棬һ𡣡
һִճͣʵ̫ǣֱѹȥ
ߵȥײһ޴ıըţǻԡѪֱǧɡ
¶һĨЦݣνϹŴҲ˰
ҲѪ˵ȴǺأţǵĻɫˡһ貵̺һ˿ϣ˸ܵпµܡ
ԱԴѹң㼼ˡţЦ
ˡ
ŷǳ֣ţǵǰ棬Թ档
ʮǿͬʱ֣ţǣһʮϹŴһսǿߣǼȻԷϹŴ񣬶»ɵѡ
ֱջԼıԴûм֡Ŀⶢڹŷϣ˴ҺʥԺĵӣܷŹҺʥԺ޴档
޴ɣҵܵܣҲǺѧԺˣղźڤ֮䣬ֻд衣ŷ絭˵
ŷĻŭǿʶδҪʥԺվǺʥԺˣҪ׷˺ʥԺӵΡ
Ե޹ʵĽҴˣһҪͷȻǺʥԺ޴档ڤЦ˵
˹͵ʮˡ֮ǰΪ˲ڤ۸ڤȥ˹棬ԸΪ£ֻӻ
׵һ콾ĸ֣ȻԸ⣬̱Ӧˣڹڤ֮䣬νһǿ׳
ˣ˾ʹˣôŷ翴һۡ
ŷĻڤŭɫŭŷ磬㲻ҪԼսǿ󣬾۸ˣҸ㣬ڤӲһףһҪһ˵
ʵֻ۸㣬۸㣬һû۸ˡŷҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ļڤɫͨ죬һ£ľŷ˵һ۸ˣֻ۸
ڤ˵ɫ
϶޷˺ֵܵģˡŷ絭˵ĿŹ棬һƽ
ߡ
沪ȻŭȴҲΣΪһϹŴȴǰЩ˵Ķ֣Ƕһ콾ʵ̫ǿˣ֣ܹһЩвʮһ𣬾ϹŴ񶼲һ
ģù͹ɡŷĮ˵
Թ棬ŷ޸УûпĴ㡣
㡭ŭҪǳ⡣
Ҳʱԯݺֱһ˳ȥŭֱӱʸ

ԯݺֻһ仰ģȹŷ綼Ҫǿơ
̫ţˡ˾̾
ɫףǱáʱڤҲɵˣͻȻ֣ԼΪ̵Ĺ棬ڹŷǵǰ̫ʹѾزˡûбļ
ȻԹŷǣҲǷǳɵġ
飬һԺ˵ġ󣬹ֻһ仰Ȼˡ
˶֪һζ˶ˡ
ȻⲢΪ治УʵϹһǿߣϹŴжٮٮߣϧԵĹŷǣһȺǿˣ涼δǹŷһȺ˵Ķ֣ȻڹŷǵǰûκƢ
磬ˣҲţŷ˵˵һ˫ӣȴŵϡ
һĻŷ̲סһۣû˵ҿ㲻Ұɣɫ΢΢ЩЦһɿϷֻ
ʵǹŷ뷨˶뷨ڤ֮⡣
ţǣڤʵһĶţǡ
ţһң˭ܵڤĵ⣬ȴ֪ԼʶļһΪʲôԼ˵⡣
Ҫˣ뿪šڤ˵仰һ˵ţǶʱˣ˾ȻԼС


984 Ͻ
ţǺĿڤһۣȻƲƲ죬ʡɣϲ˭ɣǾܹȷϲ˭ĻҪǸǿ߿ˣǻһᶼûУ
ŷЩ⣬û뵽ţǾȻܹ˵ôһҲ̫˰ɡ
ڤҲ⣬Щŭ˵㲻һս
սûбҪģǴѣҲҵѣûбҪϲ˭ԼѡǻǺƽһáţһ§סڤļЦ˵ˣǲҪˣȥȾơ

ڤˣŵǣȻ¶һĨЦݣȻţǵĻơ
һ棬ԼһС
ǰʲô˼ǺȾȥҲЦ˵һʮˣ뿪ʥԺ¥Уþƺò˲ͣǾٱյ̸۵
һֱԵԯһ֪Ǻõȷɡ̲ס˵ʵԯ죬г˺棬еҪʶһŮˡ
ʱ¾ԯĴͷȴûһź
ɩӣɩ绪һŮӣƽΪŮˡţǺ˵
ʦʦҲżŮˣһԸ⿴ġ˵ħŮЩЦã˵˶ٱˣԼ͹ŷ֮䣬ûйϵǺȻڳУûһŵġ
ŷǴҶ֪Ķʹ֪źԯݺĿУҲѾ֪ˡ
ԯݺῴᣬһ飬һִϣǰԵʱ򣬱ŮҲȥ
йعŷϢһȫ¶ȥˣʹ벻֪ܡ
ʵŮϵŷ˵
Ůϵˣأŷڶ𣿡ڤٺЦ
ħŮ˹ŷһۣû˵ôһȺᣬҪͣܽ
ЩһͲš
̸۵ҹ׼ʱһϽ硣
ôˣŷ羪ȡ
콾ʽϽˡһ£Ȼ󿪿˵
ŷ羪ȣ콾ЩھѾϽ磬Ҫ֪ħŮϽ磬ûж೤ʱء
ȥϷͻȻϣ¶һĨЦȻ˳ȥ
ͬʱԯݺҲ뵽ʲôȻҲ뿪
ŷɫЩ֣һȥ
ͬʱһռѷ֣ÿһռѷ죬һǿ̤Ƿǳǿ£Щ˶еĲ߾ĸ֣һͷɣӵһ޵еǡ
ȻϽУЩ˶ǽܳˣЩˣԺ콾
ʱЩһȻͬ½һϵֱӹء

̲סЦϽ粻֪ǿ˶٣һŷʣҲӦ˺üӦЩȻǺԲǿڹŷ磬⧲֮£һˡ
ŷĿɿڴ֪ȺĻΪ˿ʲôˣľĺȤۼղŻµʱˤһʺΣرϲС
ԼĿ֣ڱ˵ʹ棬ִܶ˲ƣ
ȻҲ˶ЩһȴվУڷ⣬ǿ
Щ˶ǿĮɨϽһЩʿǲʱֹסЦݡ
ֻһЩǿ飬ŸҼЦȥ
ŷǾˣûֹͣԼЦһƬԵ÷ǳͻأ
ߡ
һͷǵǿߣףһָֻŷɱ˹ȥ
ĳǿ߷ǳбɱˣûκηϻ
õ
ڤһǹֱӶȥǸǿߵĴֱ飬һ첲ʧˡ˼ѪȻĿ⣬ڤϣ˾衣

Ǹͷɽǵǿ̫߳ɵ޸壬ս죬Ҫ֡
ɽ˰ɣҪǼƽϣǲӦĻ۷徳磬ǲҪͻĺáڶԷߵһǿ߿ڣһ࣬ǻȴа֮һˣһħ
ĻǸɽ꣬кһȻ˵ͷ
һΡɽ˵
Ǹǿת뿪
ǿļһָоһղƴһսܹشҡڤ̲ס˵
Էĺǿܹشһĸ߶Ҫ֪ڤܹסϹŴɱˣǿӹɵġ


985 Ϣ
ǲͬһʱ䣬Ͻ硣ŷͻȻħŮʵ
ħŮҡҡͷ֪ڵǼѣҿԸǣһϽģһЩΪûдﵽԼҪľ磬ʱϽ硣
ħŮĻŷ΢΢ЩʧȴҲһЩѣȻ츳ҲͬǺǿûԼĸֻδкǿʵʱϽ磬ĲѰһ˺֣ʱǺڶˡ
İɣɫǣ̸۹Ǳʾڵһʱ䣬Ͻ硣ħŮ֪ŷڵʲôЦ˵ɡ
ħŮ仰ŷǷеĵǣЩм˵ллˡ
ʦʦ̫ˣôġħŮû˵أȴˣùŷЦá
ֱŵԴһŷû˵ҪϹ˵Ҷ˵ˣʦ֮ûʲô
ŷûз֣Լĳƺˡ
ô죬һŷ綼ЩãˣڱЩҡ
һڹŷԴϣԼ֣û˵Ϲ˵ʲôأ
һӣùŷ΢΢Щ񣬲漴㷢Լ˵ʲôʱ¶һĨεɫ
ʦǶ׵ģƤűһȴ˿Ц⣬һŷӣùŷӿЦˡ
ú˵ˣ½ӿˣǻȥɡŷһ
˵ͷֱʥԺȥʱѾвˣվˣǲΡΡߣŬӦĻ
ÿ˶ǹŷһӵб̬֮󣬶ܿٺ˵ʱѾӦĻ
ֻԼ֧ԼӦĻ
Щ½磬ųʹߣϽ綼һ˽ܣΪѾѪһʿ֮ϡ
ǴʱȴǶУԵúǳ
òʧ䣬ϽĻȻ˶ӣǸһ;ٲά裬û뵽ġ
֪Ͻ羹Ȼȹ⾰ˡһСӣʱǺˮ˼ʮֱ֮һƨڵϣϵĺˮҪ۳ΪСϪˡ
ǰǱֲ̬Ͻ˶ǿ˲ֻ£Ҫǿ󣬶ܣӦ١һӣ˵ǹǺѣȴγһĶԱȡ
ˡСӲ֪͵ҲûнϽأ˵ѾϽ磬ҪҵĻǾͶһɽˡǸСЩϣ˵
˰ɣǹ츸ףϽ磬Ҳֻһĸ֣Ͻ紳ʲôͷǿ߻֮أΪҶܲײ˰ǸӲм˵
Ҳһ㲻Ҫǹı̬ҲԲ϶ҲһȻһĶӡӲ˵
СӵĻӵĿһ£ȻͷӦĻʹһ£ϧǸ̬֪ܵȥˡ
ʱһӰǵǰɫŹ֣ʵʶ죿
СӺ¶ɫǶˣϽҡͷʶˡ
˷ǳֱӷϡ
˵ĻȴЦˣ˵ǿ϶ҵ֣ҽŷ硣
ʲôǹӣ
ⲻܣǵôôá
˸ԷһĲšϾǸոջ̸۹͹ŷ磬ڶԷˣʵе̫ɺˡ
ʵϣǵôãղɨһͲ֪ǾȻСʶСʲôطŷʵ
͵ԼӵϢŷЩǵǡûкԼĺһ𣬶ǳʲôˡ
Ҫǹ츸׵Ļ͸ϽȥȾȹɡСͻȻɫһ䣬ŷ˵ɫ΢΢Щ
ôˣŷüͷһ塣
㿴ǵΪʵǵΪӦýϽģûа취Գħˣ׷ɱǺ͹죬Щ˵עӳˣҲ֪ʲôط˽͡
ħ֣ùŷɫû뵽ħ粻׷ɱ£Ȼ׷ɱԼĶӡ
뵽ħЩǿߣŷоһֲõԤС
Ƿֿ೤ʱʱˣŷʵϽ磬˺ܳʱ䣬Բдһʡ
ʱǲ֪ڽϽûСЩǡ
ǻȥ˵ŷӦע⵽ˣֱ뿪


986 
СӺӣһǿߵʱ̲סһ£Ϊңյ񾳽磬оһˣһսǵʮ֮ϡ
һҽܣСӽݺʵһֻӵĵȴһֻɽĵʡ
ùŷҪ֮ݣתһ£ǲôˡ
ǵ£ŷǲ֪ʲô顣ԭħ縴ɱľѪ
ȻҲˣΪҲߣһףǱ׷ɱ·µţˣڶӹȥˡ
ڱ׷ɱĹУʶˡȻ󺦵ݺʣҲ׷ɱһ
Ͻ֮Ŵ󿪣ЩϽСǶҪħ׷ɱϽ硣
ֻͷ˵жطˣЩսסЩħĸ֣ʺݺӳȥˣǹȴ䲻
ǵŷüͻȻգȡ
ڸӦûһѰµôֲŷܿӦˣӦϽ磬ڻĺúõģֻǱһĵطǸطŷ綼Ӧ֣һ֮ء
ŷȴԸоûκΣգҿӣڵõһЩôùŷһ
ˣЩħˣϽ𣿡ŷѯʣһɱ
ħˣ׷ɱħŮ׷ɱ죬ùŷŭĿʼˡ
ӦУֻǲ֪͵ȥˣǲǺһ򡣡˵
ֻ֪ҪϽ磬۶㵽ҶὫҳɵŷɫЩ˵
۸Ҵֶӣ˭Ҫɵһͬǵ䡣ڤЦ˵
壬ȻûмأǷǳϸ񣬴ʱһɱڣڳˣ̲סӡ
̬ȣʺݺˣȴǳ⣬ǳأԼܵ׷ɱǿƸߵ

ŷĵͷ˺Щħǿߵ䡣
ǵʵǺһһ˵ĻȻϹŴ񣬶ӵõǵݣطڸԼ
ȻȺħǿߣûŷǺף֪ǵ䡣
ţˡŷһĨЦû뵽žȻħ֮ϵ
һȺħǿߣС
֮ʱһǿĴڣǸӦǵ㣬ȴΣУơ
졣
߶֣ŷһɱ
ǸĴаɣһϹŴѣҲҴֶӵˣڤǿƣЦһǹ𶯣һֲɱ
Űɡԯݺɵ˵
ʺݺĿɿڴⶼһȺʲô˰Ȼ˿ϹŴУ˵ҪһϹŴĴУȻ˵ô򵥡
ǵʵǺʱûǣȴˡŷ̲סһۣװҲԼЦ
˵ģЩħˣƾһǿսһϹŴ񣬺ɵĸ֣Ҫȥ˶ԷĻᱻԷ飬ŷɲ
ô죿ڤʵ
ϹŴӦþͿˡŷԼ°͡
ü۾һǶһ콾˵ʱһֱڿԼȥжȴˣǿ˵ġ
ܹ붯λϹŴ񡣡ŷԼԴ
߱棬ǵĸϹŴ񣬻ϼһϱܹҵҲһλеЩӦù˰ɡŷֹȻûע⵽ʺݺ˿񣬼ֱڿһһ
ʵô鷳ǼʦҲóʱûжˣһֱ֣˶ԷˡڤЦ˵
Ҳһ⡣ŷɡ
֪ڤʦģǿɶϹŴ񾳽ĸ֣һֵĻһУѴ֮
ȥ֮󣬵õĴ𰸣ȴʧ
ʥԺɣǵطɱ˺ʥԺĵӣ˺ʥԺ棬ǹ涨ܴơǼħĴ𰸣ڤǳûӣ൱ˬ
ȻԼͽܵĲģҲûа취Ͼֹ涨ʹΪϹŴ񣬶ΥҪպʥԺĹذʱǣҪԲ˶ߡ
ô죿ڤЩƵʵ
ϱ֡ŷ翪ڣо˸


987 ڤʯ
ԯ죬ˣǳ֣Ȼס
ݺˣȫɵˣż仰ǾʹӹŷǵĿУʮϹŴѵһȺ˶Ǳ̬𣿾ȻʶôϹŴ񣬶һܹ붯Է
һΣҵ˴ɽˣ˶һۣܹԷеļɫ
ǿҲҪɳģȻųֻһףҲǹŷָ޵еĴڣϽУԵ÷ǳС
һɽȻܹõĳɳ
ãȥɩӡţ˵
ȥʿڡ
ڹŷ磬̸Ļᣬռ˵óһۣʲôƨƻֱӳ֣ɱȺ쵰ˡ
ֻҪԯ֣ŸӲˣϾֻһϹŴ񣬶һΪǿƵϹŴ
˱ԯʥԺΪŽף׼ȥŷʺݺ˵
˸ϽͷڹŷǰͬСһʵ˵Աȹŷ֮ôҪΪŷʵǿ󣬶ཻȻ˹ŷһ
һжźˣŷص壬¹֮£ڤʯڷ⣬иַţ¼ӵľ
ս塣
ŷһЩԥ֪Լòս塣
˵ˣսһΪ巨ţŷ嶼նˣع鷲壬ȻһĶԼ
գʵתо
ŷڷ⣬ÿһϸһһɢӴʮԹԼУǿ
ʱĹŷΪһƿ׶Σûǿ䣬ƿҪѺܳʱܹͻƣǹŷ粻Ը⿴ġ
٣ŷҪǿΪܹƿһУԼҪ˻
Լ˼ʱڤʯͻȻˣͷĲԣǿս˺죬ŷ綼ɳȥѪȻĶڤʯ֪ʲô顣
ɱ
ŷ翴ڤʯǽϣͻȻͶһ棬һֲĴսˮȻУֻڻңмʮֲӰݺᣬɱ
ǣߡ
ŷ𺳣˲ʶǼʮӰǻߣֻлߣʵѪסǵһС
ֻǣһʱȻмʮߣȻѪΪʱ򣬳ưʱҲô֣߳ҽдս
Ǹʱ磬нʮߣҲͲˣٶҲˡ
һս֮󣬸һսµĻ߾𣬺֮УҲδ˵˭˻ߡȴž֮ͷҲһڳɻʵʱ򣬳⡣
ѵǣһʱŷ²⣬𾪡
ŷĿ⣬һ˲ģڤʯ档һֲĴս󣬾Ȼ޷Ĵڳ֣߶Ѫķѣڵ
һйڻ磬еһУʧ
һʱսˣڴսлٵŷ𾪣ѾԿ϶Բʱ顣
ϾûзֲĻս磬Ҳܴڵˡ
ֻһʱ飬ʱŷ粻һʱˡ
ǻ֮棬档Ĵڣǿ£Ļ߾ɱ泹׹ڻ硣
һµĽ֣ڤʯ沥ϣǽ壬ȻʼķѣҪ׵Ļٵˡ
ŷ𾪣Ҫ֪ڤʯƣųٲ𣬾ϹŴ񣬶ܽڤʯ顣
ڣڤʯȴڲһһЩֱ֮ӱٵˣУŷܵһ
𾪣һ棬Ȼ֮ڤʯҪʷѵʶ
ŷŲ²⣬о˸ԼӴһܡ
ֻ̽ѰֶƽɣԹŷڵľ磬ǿ̽ѰĻᱻɱ
ŷҪǲڵʵ㣬ԹŷֻܽɻУȵԺȥ̽
ڤʯٵˣڹŷǰֱӷ顣еʧȻҽ
ŷЩ̾Ϣкܶ෨δ¼ȫУΪǿķš
ڤʯٵˣЩֱӶϾˣһ־޴ʧ
Ҫ֪ڤʯеķǴȥ϶ͺܶĸֵģǴʱȴûֿԣ׶Ͼϣ
ŷҪת뿪ͻȻ˹һĻɴ۾վﲻˡ


988 Թ
ڤʯѵĵطһӰ֣ʣȻԹŷʵ
һƺŷӹһ˱ˣȻǵӰɫг˾衣
ڸղţһּΣյĸоŷļ䣬ףӰ벻ʲô⡣
ǵӰûʶһ˿ܣŷȥʱٴΧ£ŷľϽ㿪
һڣֱӱӰˡ
ŷɴ۾ܵӰϣļµϢһֿ²Ϣ
ŷŴһȴֱӱɣǵӰϢ׳һ㣬ٴŷ翿£
ֲܿĶŷһûˣһ
һסӰ
ӰգУȴԵЩ޴룬Ǽɵ
ŷһŵĴͨǺӰɲ˵ģһŷգС磬Ȼҵ߱棬ٻ
߱С֮󣬿ǸӰʱɫ

¶һĨ𾪵ɫ
ʲôŷ羪ȣûмɱʲôʱȻ˹ˣ˸оֲ
ŷ֪Լŷͽ
ǹǷеֹһʱǿµԹֶǳ죬Ѱֶζˣ޷ϹŴҲֻܵķݡ߱˵
ŷ̲סһϹŴҪߣȻ׺ݵһز
ʵҲ󣬱ϾŷڵֶΣȻϹŴ񣬵ѾΪӽˣڵʵûֶκֶеһֶϻ꣬ŷҲߵˡ
ܹסҲǾˣҪ֪ЩԹʵԳԹ񣬵ȻҲԳǻ֮µĶ߱³һϢ
䣬⣬ŷ𾪣ֲⶫǿ󣬾Ȼͷʵֲ̫ˡ
޵Уմһ֣˾ġ
ذħųħ棬дԣһʱŴǿߣҲһûгΪߣ۷壬һֱͣ粻֪ꡣ
һ֮ңȴ֮
޵Уȫ֮䣬ǿĴڡ
ˣȻһ˿ϢҲܻһ磬µԹȻҲΣա
ζԸǣҸоǳΣգ¾ŴͨҲδܹס̫ʱ䡣ŷ˵
һ˿ǣԹʵ̫ˣ˲һľĸоҹŷڸӦģȻǹȴһ㶼ûͰԹȻηȻȴڼᶨЦ
ŴͨԹ񣬵ǲ˭ܹǿʥĻ֮УûܹԹ񡣡ԺͻȻ֣ĿԹϣһĨɫ
һʱǿߣȻսҲĻʣǵ׾ʲôԺɫǳŹ֣ҪϤһУȴֲ֪ӡ
ŷ翪ڣҪ˵ԺȴֱӰ֡
˵Щһ˵Ҫ٣ʲôʲôȫУûгɻ֮ǰԲҪ˵ڡԺЩŵ˵
Ϊʲôŷ粻⣬ղҪѿڶˡ
ҪǾԼڤʯӵԻ˵ɣ˵һ۷ذħһ֣Ϥһʱ飬˳ȥͲǴڵСԺ˵
ŷֱһӣʲôЦǿ۷Ǵ˵Ͳ˵ȥҲֻи߸ϵĻߣܹ
Թŷֱӽе飬ĵףҲû˵ȥ˼ˣͲ󣬻
ڸζԸԹ񣿡ŷʵ
Ҫ飬ڤʯٵԹڹŷ˵Բһ¡ϾԹҲΪġ
Թ񣬱ڤʯѹطѾ޾ˣǿ󣬵ϣܹٵԹˣҲûУϹŴ񲻿ΨһܹģֻһˣֻһˡԺЦţĿŷ硣
ŷֱеͷߵĳ嶯οԷ˼ȻԼԸԹ
ЦϹŴεĶûֶΣ𲻵⣬ôܽԷٵŷ粻ΪԼʵ
㲻ҪߣʵҪٵԹǰֻһˣ֪ӵֻغͶȻ꾭ԶȻ꾭ԹǰָʱǣˡԺڡ


989 ߶Ծ
߱ԺĻͻȻɫ䣬ɣԺǽԹǰѣѵһָ̣ߵܣвʣ̫ˣܻ磬𰡡
߱һʧ̬ɫţ˵ǵ
ģ޵Уǲ飬ԹûпĻӦһʱȫһߣġԺΪ϶˵
ùŷ֣ղԺһ̫˽ӣھȻ֪ԹһʱһƻʣЩ˵ȥ
ҶǸʱ֪Ĳֻ࣬Ǵ֪߶ѣԹˣȷʵ֪ԺЦŽ͡
ŷȴãԷôΡ
ȻԺϸʱ飬֪ľԱеҪࡣ
ֻӣɵԸͲ˵
ŷƲƲ죬Էֻȴûг֡
㲻ңԺЩˬԼѾ˵ôˣŷ粻ΣգȻԼ
һߣȻֻǶݵһ˲䣬ֺҲǿµģԹޣ綼Ҫ꣬¾ŷ˵
ԼĿǣΪˡ
ǲû߸գԹ𣬵ʱҿô죿Ժ˵û˱ԹĿ£ֶһɳҲ޷ߣǿذħĴڣпܵġ
ԹгԹޣֻɱ¾ʱģֻޱߵĺƽ١
ֲУҲУŷѵľС
޵еؽǣȻЩΪĻߣҲʱΪͷİɡԺ˵Ȱŷ硣
ģŷЩɣ̫ˣдǣ飬ŷȻҵ
㲻õģʵлߴڡڣԺ³һϢ
ŷ𾪣߱棬Ҳ𾪡лߣԺ˵ȻħϻʣΪ䲻֣ܳҾǳ֣δǻصġ
Ҳ˵ؼ䣬лߴڣػ硣
һ֮󣬹ŷҲû˿ԥ˵ͷãȻһ
һκܹϣϾŷҲףԹһɳǼµǣǸʱΪ£ƻ߾ͲˣϾԹ죬ɳذħĽ׶ΣѾˣڳƻʣûô׵ġ
ԺٺһЦȻ˳ԶԺĶ߱΢΢Ĭһ£ȻҲ˿ˡùŷЩĶϻҲûס
ղԺ˵ôĵҪѶԷ֮ԺһԶŷ磬ʱһùŷ缫
ȻѾҪ飬Ϳ϶ŷֱʩչֻأȻ꾭ޱȣֱǸԹ
𡣡
һԹĿзϵ¡Ͻ綼ڲǳܲסϣҪһ
ƺƵĻϴ硣һЩصڣǿ߾ѣ𾪵Ͻ磬ǿǧ롣
ϸʱϻߵԹ񣬾ȻˣǶȻ꾭дһһֺգŷץ˹
ʹʥԺԺĿֲڣѹ֮£Ҳһڵϡ
ɫһۣ˶Էе𾪺Ϳ־塢ʲôӵĿֲڣǻߣԲѹ߱棬ѾڵϣҲһϣ徹Ȼɪɪ

һһֻҲ֣סԭȵǸ֣ɡ
쵰ֶԸһСĳŲӲ㡣һȻЩ΢΢ףȴǳǿƣǸǰֵĿֲڶĬˡ
ּĴڣ֪֮ͣԼк
޵УҲԶԣУû˭޵е˵ģȻҲмǿĴڣڻжղֵǸˣݡ
ǰֵĻŭߣɱ⻯һ磬ȻһȫȻȣҪԷԶס
ⲻǷϵľȣһַϵѹơ
䣡
ֵǸߣȻǿƣֱӽԷı꣬ȻֺͺգֱӽԷɳȥ
Ҳŵȣ棬Ҫ֪㻹һʿ֣ĻǲŹġǸĻߣǸĻߴŭջƽˡ


990 »
һսǺָܿƽŷԺĻлߵģһֹһ𡣵ǻȴûеôУǸղŵĻ棬ȻҪԼ֣ıȻ꾭
Ļߣǳ£ԶԹŷв
ߴŷһݣЩ˶ӵǿϢڸղŵλߡ
Ҳֻݼţܿʧ
õģЩΪһЩԭԲܳ䣬㲻õǻĶԺ͡
һУҲйصƶߣղŵǸߣһλǾǳ֣Ҳƺ⣬㲻õġ
ԺĻŷ΢һҪǱһߵϣǿɲǺģŷȻţһ㶼Դ֪ԼǻߵĶ֡
˵ǻߣһЩϹŴ񣬹ŷҲǶ֡
ֻһССʱ򣬹ŷǫһ㡣

ŷͷ𶯶Ȼ꾭ڶȻ꾭£ǸԹڴ˻Ľ磬ᴩ˹Žδ
Ȼֻǻ߲ʵԹԹʱȴؼ䡣
ŷѣаԺʵ̫ӵˣҪ֪ԹôֲԲԷһﻢµĸо
ٶȣڷټӿ죬ڹŷǲöȻ꾭Ѿˣ֮ǰŷǲöԷգǰֻʩչһŴͨ
ŷָоһŴͨδػܹסԹ
뵽ŷͻȻһҧһڽɫѪҺԺ̲߱סһȻ֪ŷ̺ŻѪȻҪûѪӴȻ꾭ܡ
˵۾գҲգĶڹŷĻѪ棬ŻѪûֻС
ͬʱֻ𶯵ĸӾˣǸܵΣһǸԹ񣬳ײĸӾˡ
ں̵ܶʱڣȻֻʣ±һ㣬ŷԴðѾֵ׼ġ
Ӵʩֻأ˱ûɢŻߵϡǻѪеϢֻص֮£ǾԹļ䣬ԹԺǾȵУһˡ
ŷ羪ȣʩչֻأֱӱ飬ȴûܵһ˺Ǹˣ˹ŷһۣͻȻչһЦлλСֵܣһѡ
ǸղŵǸԹ񣿡ŷ羪ȵʵ
û뵽ԹУȻܳһˣܹµ˶ԹǰǸԺĿУػĻߡ
ң´ҴҶһֻأϧҿĽʲô仯Ӣĩ·Ѫٿһ档Ǹ߿ڣɫЩӵ˵
ŷһ𣬵굽׷ʲôû߶˾˵Ļ뵽ԼĻ棬֪Ĵڳ֣Ĩɱߣѵǣ
ֻǵʲôŷ粻⡣
ڻǰûܣ»һ۱㿴ŷ˼Ц˵֪ǵʲôӵĴڣ̺ѪʣעɻʣȻҪ
֪롣ŷ΢΢Щ𾪡
ʲôֵģܣȻܳˣҪһУܹġ»߰Ȼ
ܣ㲻Ҫŷܵ˵
ʱߣһַ۵ĳ嶯һܲܲҪôҭˡ
ˣ֪ܣ϶ǴţƤɣɣ͵һı𡣡ŷƽթŻߣԺ߱е㻳ɣŷԴǲǱ¿ˣȻ˺ͻ˵
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ»̲סЦ˳һȤˣϧ޷ˣûУڵĴսˣҾУҲܸ㣬ֻẦ㣬ֵǿһ
𣿡ŷ練ʡ
»ŷǿһȻ»ߣһʱҲ޵еĴڣǼŷʱҲ̲ס𾪣ܵŷʵ̫ھˣεʱ򣬶Ҫ
ôģ»ʵ
޵еġŷֻ˵֣ð»һȻ֪޵еӵ޵еܹ޵Уǲء
Թŷ磬Ȼб̡»ߣȴûʱôˡ
ͻȻһָŷ˹ȥ˵ҵĴУԺʵˣҴȥл
Ű»ߵĻŷоԺгһЩͬʱ»ٵɢʧ


991 
һ콾鳾ع֮䡣޵еĻ߰˭ܹǾȻҲߵͷһ졣
һʱǿߣȴһ֣û֪
ŷи̾˷ڣ˼еΪʲôѵͷҪһѰ׹ǣʧ֮䡣
ŷԲҪĽ磬Ϊ˻ȥϣõĶʵ̫ˣȻ꣬ŷ綼Ȼ볾鳾
ֻѵֻΪ˲ǣŷЩ㯡
һЦ绨Ľգǰŷ¶һĨЦݣףԼΪʲôˡ
Ϊ˱ģֻΪ˼еǼŮˣΪǴһȫûе£ȫΪ˰ȫĵ԰
ΪֻΪԼļ˺Ůˡŷ粻Լ˽Լļ˶ˣ̸α
ãʵΪʲôҪһĿģЩ˸ԼȥģҿֱǿЦԺڣŷ˵
ŷһЩȵĿԺһۣû뵽ԺȻܹ˵һ
Ҫ֪ĳʶУԺĻֱ˵뾭ѵˡ
ʲôزʲôزʲôߣʲôģĿԶûãܹҲԽ߶⣬ҴûĿ꣬ҲϣûĿ꣬ĻҲܹߵøԶԺЦ˵
ڵΪŷʵ
۷壬ذħȲˣһսĻҲڿܣܹսһҹԺ˵
ŷɴ۾ԺȻǿŷ籾ΪԺʵʹѾﵽ磬Ҳֻǳڣû뵽ԺȻܹذħ
Ȼ֪лߣŷҲòϣذħǼ侪޵ģǿĻߣڲħĹâ
ԺȻذħʵ൱Ȼһ㣬ǹࡣ
̬ŷ̲ס˵
ͳ˵𣿡ԺɫһȻڹŷЩĻЩˡ
Ժһۣŷû˵˵ĲҺͳ˵һֱѽ
ŷһҴӣԺɫͨ죬Ҫ֡
Ժ˵ˣСƽϣм飬Ҫ
ʲô飿ŷʵЩ֣ܹԺ飬Բ򵥣ŷеҪƴǡ
ϾԼ飬ûнأܹԺȥһЩ飬ЩȻòŷ绹һ¡
ʲô飬ú󣬽ҪһʤĻŽ𵤽ϣȥμӣȡһԺ˵
һԺŷ֪벻򵥡
ȻԺ˵Ӧ֪Ͻ磬һ콾֮ײһ콾ֻҪϹŴ۷ս𾳽ģܹμӡ
ʲôŷ˾ȣû뵽Ȼһս
սǾޱȵģһ콾սʵֲ̫ˡЩ߾콾ǲսʲôӵĴýֺͷܹ뵽
һΣǲǣЩ콾ҪսͻƣϹŴУһЩͨĸߣҲȥҪһյʤߣܿһϹŴ񡣡Ժ˵
սѡ񲻲μӣû˻ģϾսǳΣգȻսǿ󣬵վΪ̫ǳҲһȥᱻֱɱ߱ޱ飬˵
߱ĻŷЩŭû˵㲻üսȥô̼飬ôٵңǲΪν콾ôǿɣʳڣѾϹŴˣˣҲ壬һɱһ
ŷĻǳҪ߹ŷ磬Щ콾ĺǿںһ·ȴߵں֮֮ܳ˼ˣ̤С
ˣΪϹŴĿʵ̫ˣսҲǿֲѰ˸ǵĶ֡
νϽʮ콾Щ˵УһȺЦļһѣǷС
˿ŷôŵӣʱЩƣҲ˵ˣҪŷԱӡ
ŷȻ֪˼ءŷǣԼκɨ֣Ȼ˵ɣǹŷ֪飬еô򵥣ҪʤҪ׼
Ժ߱棬뿪壬֪ͨѧԺ֣׼


992 
Ͻ綼𶯣Ҳʼ콾֮ľ𣬵ĵʣģǿߡ
Ҳ˿սУͻƵϹŴ񾳽磬ȻŷսУҲе֡
Ҫһ·޵УҪѪս
ûᣬҪУħǡڤо˸Ѿμһսˡ
ԯݺᣬȻҲһ
ޱȣǴʱȴӿȣǰȻ콾֪ԼһЩȣܴĲ࣬ԴӹŷΪеȫ֮ѾףԼѾ̤Ϊǿ콾С
ȻŹҪμӽ
ţǹŷȥҪţԻҪֽʦùŷЦãڵʵԲ֮¡Ȼʹ߱߱䣬Ҳδܹ׻ܹŷ硣
ʺ彣ȻŹĻᣬΪ콾ȻҪμӡ
һţǣȴüͷһЩԸӡ
ôǣŷЩȵʵ
ҾôһǱμսȽϺáţ˵
һ㶣ûŪţʲô˼ΪʲôҪ˲ҪμӡһѵõĻܹ֣ܶս֮£ҲܹͻԼľ硣
һЩϱ콾ȥˣѵ÷ǳΣͻƵϹŴȻɱ䣬ΰ죿ţʵ
һȺ˺һȻϹŴҪްɡ˵
ţҡͷҲˣѣЩҲУ콾ΪϹŴ񣬾ԲһϹŴô򵥣ǵսԴȡţɫص˵
ţǵĻ˵ͷȻţǵĻһǿ壬ҲҪΣˡ
ĴѪȺɱ¾ȻϹŴ񣬽սҲδܹ߳
ΪʲôǲҪңΪ˻ǿʵʵĿģΪ˲ţɫ˵
Ļһ˵ڣһΪ飬ǲѾϰߣ˱ɱǲġ
ǴʱţǵĻȴãԼץʲô
Ҷ˼˵ĿģΪ˲ڽսĻʵԲԣŷʵ
ţǵͷһ˼
İɣҲû˵ô£һһʵǴ򲻹ߣʲôģȻǱһȺϹŴΧסˣ˵ҲδǾŷЦ˵οţǡ
һִϹŴУţ֪ŷӵʵ
൱ϹŴΧסǣŷǶߡ
ڲҪЩˣҲ֮󣬲Żʽչһ£ʲôʱȥŰɡ쿪ڡ
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˻һ˶̲סĿɿڴŷһ㱻ԼĿˮǺû뵽Ȼء
ҲɫŹ֣ʵ֪ھʱ򣬷ӦȹŷǻҪ򡣵Ȼ³ҲǳңЩŭʱֱһƽʸԶ
ּȻѾˣҲְɣڳŷоһеȲھ˵һֻҪնϽ壬½ķҲֻʧĽˡ
á
˶ӦȻųȥ
ǲûŪƴƣԵ÷ǳ͵ûע֮£ʮ˶뿪
һ¾ӴϽҪˡԺ̾Źŷ뿪ķ򣬵˵
֣߱ɫ΢΢Щӣſڵ磬˵ǸˣʲôʱŻ
磿
ԺȻ߱ĸ磬ǹŷ϶һģΪʵû뵽֮Ĺϵ
㻹ڵԺЦ
˵ҵģȻֻأĵѣҲֱΪֹ߱ɫ΢΢Щԡ
ùŷɣҸӦҪǸˣŷǹؼκ⣬ԸɵġԺ˵
Ļһ˵߱ɫһɫ䣬¶һ˿ɫ
磬ڿϰˡ߱˵
ϾΨһãǧ£㶼Һαĥ㡣ԺЦ߱һۣȥŷǰɣһǿܻΣա


993 ռ
߱һɫ΢΢ЩԺһۣȫѯʡ
ĶҲûǣȻŷҵİ֣ǻǱˣһȥǣҪʱһҪ֣ŷ磬Ĩɱš
˵Ժо˸˺˵ɱ
á
߱濪ڣͬɱ
ҾѪȻҪˣЩ赲ˣδҪѪǸͲԺ̾Ϣһ
߱û˵ֻԺһۣȻһ̤׷ȥ
ʵŷǣǷǳ׵飬ҪǶֲ׷ȥҲǷǳ򵥵ġ
ŷǸ֪߱ѾˣԺ֪һǰȥա
ڹŷԼһȺ֣Ϊ۷սԯ죬ﻹʲôΣգȻмϹŴ񣬶ɱġ
ٶȺܿ죬Ȼû¶ΣǺХأ֮ʿȫ˾η
ЩʿܹܵղŸϹȥǿڣ
Ȼ֪ǵݣǿԿ϶ǿ콾
ҲǿڿնҪ׷Źŷǣȴֻ׷һᣬ㱻˦󣬸͸ǵٶȡ
Ȼ˶ǵٶȣֻԽǿΪԽܹܵŷǵĿ£ȻȥǱҪ£ȻɱԼǾԩˡ
ǺХأٸ·ȻҲ֮󣬲ǵšһĳǳأ˿ڲǧЩ϶һа
ǣŵĳǳء
ŷû̶֣ǽ˳ǳУҪһЩϢʵϣҲԼֻҪڳУ϶ᱻϣʱԷԼҲͲȥˣϾһɶиػֶΣǿйȥֻгԿķݡ
Ȼڹŷǳڳǳвͣһ˹Ȼŷ˵ǹȥ
ɫ߰һ˵ӡùŷǵʵ͵λߵǵˣҲ϶ᱣ㹻أԴǵһΡ
ȿȣʶ𣿡ڤʵ
Ȼ֪ǺʥԺһȺɵ˵ˣӦ鷳ģͲģ˵ǵʵţƲʲôˡǸЦﵽ˼㡣
ŷһȻ˵ɵӣȴΪ֪ԼûкɵӼƽϡ
ֻȴ˵ǣʲôˣһЩõԤУԷѵѾ׼
뵽һ㣬ŷһ
ǡŷ˵δ߳ǳأվɫƽȴȻӵĸ߰ŭָŹŷߣΪԼ˭ܹ룬ȥҲ򵥣һǳʲô飬ͲҪдˡ
ϴһĨЦǳԶ˹ŷǡ
ɵơ
ڤ̲סһ䣬ʵǲȥˣһɵԼǰͣĽлʵڲһ˿顣
˵ʲôǸŭһָֻڤ
ڤɫһ㶣һƳ˳ȥ˵ʲôҲָȥ
һƳֱڻϻը飬ڷ
ڤûĴ㣬챾ɱ˵ġڹŷ磬һûУ½磬˼ţȻûʲôϰ
ǸɱڤֱӳɤӴ죬ˣҪʲôóɱ͹Ҫʲôͷڹꡣ
ڤĻһһɱƺƵֱһնױˣѹ䣬γһ⣬ŷնɱȥ
ˣΪϹŴк򣬽͵Ϯùŷа޳ܡ
˲ҵǺƹȥֱӳ˳ǳء
ŷΪսһǳػٵˡ
ʱĿɿڴ鷢ˣǵɱȴûΪɱĿͱջȥֱն䡣
ǳص˱ɱʹڶ
ôҲû뵽쾹Ȼ˺Щ˿˵񣬵ȴֱӻٵ˰߳ǳأһ㶼ûںĸо
죬ʵҲˣαزͷ¶βģһɡŷ絭˵գѰ䡣
һУһƣ֣ŷ磬¶һĨЦŷ硣ּˡ
ϧһ㶼㣬˵ΪʲôһЩҲˬ飬벻ɱ㣬ˡŷ̾ڱҪɱһϹŴ


994 ˫
¶һĨĮЦݣԼɱң
ŰɣֻŵĻɱ㲻ʲô¡ŷ絭˵һ˫ӷǳƽ
ǰħλֵ䣬ΪҲ֪ѾΪ׼˿ӣ͵ءĮ˵
Ӱ֣Ǳˣ׷ɱŷǵϹŴ
ʱǸվھϣŷǵ˷̡
ŷ絭˵
΢΢һ㶣û׹ŷ˼ʲô
˵ʱ⼸һﶼɱǣΪɵƣټɱ𣿡ڤĻЩ̡
ŷͷĿƶ죬Ц˵ֶζɡһƽӣ˿ԻңһгӣЦ
λѡʮӰ֣һ£ȫߣŷһǵϢħǿߡ
ɹɫ

ŷЦ˿öԷ
΢΢ɫһǳˣŷȻ˵ĻˣȻ׼һһֲĸо
һһ֣ǼӰ֣ȫ¡
һ˹ŷǳ죬Ȼǹ档
ŷ磬ɱҵˣʱͿ뿪ʥԺˣЦ
ЦѿҲŵСѡƲƲ죬ŷ粻м˵
ĿϹŴУûκ󣬵ȴŷΪµĸоȹ涼Ҫ¡ǵϣŷӦϤϢ
յˡŷʵ
ϹŴмĿ˹ŷһۣȻͷһȻӣȻûнŷС
ϹŴ񣬼ϼʮߣҶǼΪǿ֣ݣԯ֣ҪɱѪڡ
ϾԷյϹŴΪóɱˣȻԯˣһСĶҪԿ
ˣǹŷʵ뷨ȴòٻǣЩ˽ᱻȫ
ֳǿݣŷǸ͵ס
ݣɱ㲻ɭʵ
ɱ죬У͹ŷì֮£Ȼٿ
ǲһ㡣ŷЦȻе顣
һŮӳ֣绪ȹһֱ֣˳ȥķԶ
ŭϳһƣĶŮӣɱݺᡣ
ԯ죬ˡѾԤеԯ֣ԲţֻǶԯսһ𾪵ĸо
ϲġ
ԯƣŷߣһħŮλҲҵĽãЦЦùŷ̲סЦǲţ֪ԯΪˡ
֮䣬ȷʵûʲô˵ֻе໥Ͷѡ
ˣҺ͹ŷ֮ûʲôϵģǺܴѹϵħŮЦŽ͡
ԼҪ͹ŷƲϵȻѵһزԯ۰͹ŷ֮йϵ
㣬Ҳ顣ԯ쵭˵
ħŮЦ˹ŷһۣһô
һԯ죬ΪܹԶ𣿡Цһмӡ
˧
ʱ򣬽ʶ˧һΰӰ֣£յϹŴʱ¶һĨпЦݣû뵽Ȼյˣ̫ˣɱյϹŴյۺܳʱɡ
ſھҪɱϹŴöԷŭ
һͷ­ʱǵĵУΪ·ĵʯԴҲò˶ãյˡеһϹŴ񿪿ڣĮ
Ļ˶һֲ˴ɱԭյ֮䣬Ȼôĳޡ
Ҫ֪飬ΪϵĴڣһУλһĵλҪأһֵĲ࣬ʼ档
һˣȴյɱˣͷ·յ֮䣬ԵĲˡ
ȻŶԷĻɫˣϹŴɱڡ
ǰڲǵĶ֣˵ɣȻĻǣԼҲġŷڶ֣ΪûѹԵƣ׳
޷лһλѣʵ֮£һ֣ԽŶˣ߸ϹŴһܡŷ硣
һϹŴ񣬶Ǹǿߣŷ˲뵽߱档


995 ϽһŮ
΢΢Щɫ뵽ŷὫԯΪǱǷޣȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼˡ
һ޵еϹŴ񣬼Ҫ磬ԯ죬ȻϹŴҲһܹѹǡ
뵽һ˿⡣ȻûоԵƣȻҲ򣬱ϾǴӮˣҲδк³пܱЩǿһȥ
ɫ粻ŷȴЦ˳ˣϧˣ档
ŷĻɫ䣬оȻһˡϹŴҲɫѿ棬ʵҲԯǸĻǵ鷳Ĵˡ
֣߱п
ȵ߱棬ǺʥԺȻҲҪ븲һ𣿲˵ʥԺ뵽ϽҪƺʥԺĳȻλ
ƽʱ߱϶ΪĻеҶ֣ȴһˣĮڹϣЦ˵ˣҲǲ֮飬ֻŻġ
߱Ļһ֪á
ΪԭھʥԺ֣ҲᱻڸŻʵ̫ˡ
湴ˣҪıԼĺʥԺĵӣʵѾǷʥԺĴɡ
߱Ϊԭ֣һ㶼Ϊ
ҪˣԴŷǳ⣬ѵΪҲ֪ϲսǹսȴ㣬һ˲֪ȥҪùսʱ򣬶øУŮˣֱһ硣Ц˵߱ɫ΢΢ѿ
ڹŷ磬һ㶼⣬Ѿ߱Լʼ棬ĸ飬˵Ĺϵ벻ô򵥡
Σ߱ɫڹϣɱ
ŷЩĿһ۹棬һ벻֪ŭһŮˣǶôµ顣
Լ߱漤ŭˣ淴⣬Цôˣѵģǧ꣬ȴһСˣǹҵģҲ˼ǲϲţϲҲ˵
߱ɫˣŷӣаĲ֪Ҫˡ
ŭĻѾȥˣ϶ۣ裬ϽһŮڻǵ˻мЦЦ
һ˵˹ŷǣϹŴǻ𣬲ŵĶ߱棬ȻǴ˵еǸŮӡ
ǧǰճϽ磬޹£ɱϽһŮ˵ʱ׷裬ȴûгɹ
ǸʱΪ貵һ飬µţʧչǧ´ҴҶٳֵʱ򣬺ѾΪ߱档
һĵģδҡȴڼǧǰΪǸս˶
ǽù⣬Ǹ뿪֪١
뵽ǵΰӰܵĸ߱ҧŴʱȻһ˿ŮӵĽо
Ҳʱ򣬹ͻȻˣǴȵ֣ɱǡսķǳ죬һ˲䣬ڹĴ֮£̱㶯ˣ֮źڣ֪ԼˣŷǴ󺰣Ҳɱ˳ȥ
ȭ죬յϹŴֱӿԼƿУɱյϹŴǳǿȻ޷У࿹һʱ֮䣬Ȼû·硣
ͬʱԯҲ֣콻ս
ɣǳȴ쳣ΪƸΪ꣬˫ѹơһ־ԵƣȻʵǴʱȴҲ쳣
ڹŷǣסˡ
ʮ콾һ֣ӲϹŴ񡣹ŷϣսһˡ죬ͷŲԣȻʲôʣȴЩʸӵǿơ
£ϻݺᣬںϳһǿķģѹȥ
ǸϹŴأŷǴսȴ˾Ե·硣
ڤţ֣ͬսһϹŴȻУϵȴǳĬҲǰˣ˼㡣
ǸϹŴһλ׷ɱڤǣȴԷֹɱѹ·磬ĸо
뽣ʣ˺һ𣬵סһϹŴ񣬳׽죬ǿƵ㣬ӲϹŴѹ֡
գѹɽӣѾﵽ߾磬һʱ䣬ڵԴٴһΪһΣʱӿֲˡ


996 սʤ
ԯݺ彣ţʣµЩǿ߳֡
ʮߣŵǿߣħǿߣɱڣΧ£Ȼ֣ǿգһռ
ԯݺ˳ȥɫĮһӰ󡣿ֲޱߵİԯݺϱһ춯񹭣Ȼһֲ⣬ᴩϵ£Ž񣬴ִͬɽһ㣬еĹסȻ󶴴˼ߡ
ֱԯݺᣬҲǰȻѪּµơ
ʵ񹭷ԯݺƾ͵סôǿߵֹʵϾϹŴҲܵס
彣˹ֱ󷨣Էȥ
彣һ𣬿ϹŴ֮޵УΪŽףնɱߣȴǳ򵥡
˲ҽУ彣֣˲䣬ɱ˺üߣݣֱƥУɫգֲ졣
ͬʱҲ֣ͬ߱ǿޱȣһ߻ɱ˹ȥ˸ʥϢǳȴ쳣һ㶼飬ɱѪɣһ㶼ûĴ
ֻΪ߱İӣսʱ򣬲ƽʱһģɱϣȻҲ߲һ
Ѷϵˣ޷ӵ̫ߵΪġ
䡣
һս˽
յϹŴɱҲԡѪ˼һ㵹¡
мŵĵӣֱӳ˹ȥ֡
ϡ
һָǼŵĵӣֱӱ飬Ȼ֮壬ȻЩܹԸġ
ɱ
ŷȣʹһֶϻ꣬ǸյϹŴ׼Ȼã֣ϳֿµơ
顣
ŷٴδȵǸϹŴֱӱ顣
ͬʱٿգǸϹŴԪСǸϹŴԪ񷢳ҽУԪʥΪһ棬ĿֲĶʱħŮȫʩչһ˿ԴֻʣһԪܳס
𡣡
Ŵͨڹŷµĺ֮£ϹŴ񣬳ױɱһͷ䣬ǱϹŴ񾳽ʿɱǴȥĻ¡
ħŮɫЩ԰ףԣŷ綼ЩվˣһѪܵŴͨķɣϹŴ˵˱Դ
ۼħŮҪŷϽס
û°ɣŷʵ
û£ֻǶһ㱾Դһ¾ͺˡħŮڣҡҡͷʾԼû¡
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⵽ڣڱ߱ɱѪɡ
Ԫɢһ̣淢ĻΪɱˣڵеǣЩڣܹġ
Щʲôڳûһ֪üһۣжһֲõԤС
ѵʲôǲ֪⣬䡣ֿʵ̫Сˣںܳʱˣ߱꣬ҲС٣Ƕ֪飬ѵ֪ɣ
˦˦ԼԴŷ粻ôˡ
עսϵĶ̬뽣֣ǸϹŴ񣬳ѹ·ҪɱԷȴǺܼ򵥡
ŷˣסƣʵܹӰ˲㣬Ȼ˳ȥսȥ
߱Ҳһǵİ£ܿЩϹŴ񶼱ɱˣ߶ħЩߣҲһʣŵһЩӣȫĨɱ
ǣսϣֻһ컹սֻʱɫѿ˼û뵽Լ׼һȦףȻͱ׵ĻˣŵĵӣȫնɱѣҲɱˡ
һôôǿŷЩ𾪡
Ҳһı飬Ҫ֪ԯȻֻǺ۷ս𣬵һʵǿ˼㣬֮ǣҲ˶٣һһսȻڣҲֻǽѹ·磬Ȼ첻ͣˣȴû֮Σ
죬ֺϤüʼ˼
졣߱³һ֡
˻һɫ䣬
ʲôֲϢһùŷǾȣʲô죬벻ʲôʡ͵ĵơ
˭ŷѯʡ
һаħħϽһħĳƺţħܣղ֪١˵
Ļŷ𾪣ѵǸ֮йϵ


997 ɱ
ԯ켤ս죬ʱͻȻһЦ磬ǣЦû뵽ϻмǵҴ֮ˣСȻ֪ҵҳ֣
ȻǴ죬߱Ǳɫ
ŷЦһ۷սûѣҪɱҲ㶺أɵɵ
ɫ΢䣬Ц֪ʲôⲻһ˿ع飬ԲŻ˵ı֣֮䣬ɱЩˡ
Ȼеȴ˱ɫһ˿ϹŴʵǿʲôز
ҼһˣҲ˵ԼһδҵĸоҲֻĶ֣һһϹŴ񣬶һ޵е֣ʲôŷмڿһ
˾ȣֻţ۹һ֪ŷ˵˭Ǹ˲ǱˣүүҲǴ˵еǳ
ܣǻ߸գ򲻿˱ǿ󡣡Цš
㹻ţΪΪʵѾǴﵽ۷壬ȻǵϽһħ˺ܴĹ򣬻һͱ˾档
үүǳȻع飬ҲֻޡţЦ
Ȼع飬ϽҲܹݺģ֪ģкüǿߣѹ㡣ŷ
ЦҺɨŽ޵ֻ֣һܣȻ֣ǳҲܴӮ۷״̬ңվɱһҲûãֻأع磬ʱȻĺǣļҲҪɱǡ˵
Ȼȥɡ
ŷЦкǰһ֣ͬһȺ˳֣ȻҪëһ죬սԯأܹסô˵֡
ըֱӱС
ǧ࣬زع֮գɱ֮ʱֻһ仰
ŷɫأ֪֮˵ǲǲܵģǼʹҲûа취ֻоΪȵع֮ʱǻӵеֿ
̫ڵģ֮ڣ첻ܻع飬ܹ֮磬һЩطǴƴһΪһὫٴ𡣡˵зǳš
ϲǰˡŷǾϲء
ĸ֣Ȼ˵ѣȻƶ˵Լ֮ڣܽ磬ܹ쵽
ҲҪǳɹꡣ߱濪ڡ
һҪǿߣŷǶеɵۣ֪ͷǲֵ̫ǮˣȻһĶҪˡ
ҲҪԯҲڣֱӽŷǴ
˵ǽҲͰˣԯ೤ʱ䣿ڰ֮ڳΪĿ˵ǰ޹ˣˡ
߱˶̲ס¶̾ɫȻԯסˡ
֮գҪΪŷҲڣ˶ĿԼЩ˵Ϊߡ
ȫӹŷ磬һָһĵӣΪҲ˵һأûȻ˵һߡ
ŷǳΪߣɱϹŴˣǸʱԴ죬һͨҲĻᡣ߱
㣿ŷȤʵ
ٷ֮һ߱³һʣùŷĿɿڴ
ٷ֮һͱʲô
ǿԺħΪٷ֮һʺС𣿡ŷɫ߱û˵
ŷٺһЦСˣܱûлá
ʵҺʵ˴죬ҲδгʣҪС˴졣߱ٴ˵
仰ùŷʶĴĿ£һվ۷ǿߡ
߲ǿĴڣǴˡ
û뵽ЩϹȻδȥҪ׼ˣԤУ̫ܶԶŵĴܼع飬Щǿ彵٣ؽ´ңѪ齫Ҫˮ֮С߱̾
Щǿǿ߹ȻֻԱ֮ʱ磬ʲôӵģû֪
ŷɫ𺳣߱˵ЩҪĵ飬ֻҪúȻܵ۷壬ʱܹЩΪԼ˺ȡӦеļֵ
֪ˡŷ˵
ϳս⣬Ŀᶨһ֮ģӵˡ


998 
һ֮ϣŷӵԯ죬Ǵʵ΢磬˷ſһĿĸо
ԯĿգ쳣ڹŷ绳еĸо
ʱһǿŮ۷ս𣬶ֻһСŮˣԼ˵ᡣ
ʱܹʹͣ͸öðԯͻȻ̾ʱԵЩʧȥǲǿ£ԯһŮӡ
ûȸߵǣֻһǻ˼顣
ֹֻеߣǲܹŷ˵ԯ쾧ӨĶɫЩ̾
ԡѪɱѾ꣬磬ȫ̤ѪǰУ²֪ʬ٣նɱˡ
ŷֻ֪һʼԶԶƲϽҪߣҪĴսࡣ
һûսûͲңֻпֺҸȣǸöáԯЩ˵
Ը𣿡ŷʵ
ŷı飬ԯ΢΢ԥһ£Ȼͷ
һΪһȵģԸˣûʹԸˣܹҸ֡ŷһ㣬ԯ˵
ᶨԼԺ·
ԯ쳹ױ۾ڹŷĻУѵõ
ˡһЩŵŷǾѡ
ʲô飿ŷü˲Ǳˣ顣
ĺˣڰѩУӦĹʣһΪѾҪ龳ˡ
˱ȶˣ𡣡鿪ڣùŷһɫ¶˼ɫ
ȻܹشѵϹŴ֣ǶһۣȻ飬ֱʥԺ
ʥԺУڤɱǹͣĶɱ
ʽϾʮأ貶ĿͶ֮䣬Ͻ⡣
ԯݺͷڷ趯ŭŶԷϵ貣̫Ҫҫۡ
彣󷨣ɫ£ɫ£ͷųصܡ
źţǣԼıԴס䡣ʱ죬ϳ˸Ϣʱһ
ưܣûһ̨һʶ˸Ϩ
´ʱѾһ˴սˣҲһŮӣ䣬ɢŶ˵ĺ⣬ֺҪɱ¡
ʥԺһЩӶЩŭĿӣŭ
һȺ꣬ʮˣȫͷɣ죬ǻΣһǳǿ󣬾Ȼȫڸ߾硣
ɫȻмŽǣɫ˱ģڿһ
ǸŮӵﵽ˰Ȼðžҵɫ棬ͨƵȴǱѹƣǶԷĶ֡
һǳǿĴڣڸ߾磬ڱԣѹ¡
ɫĹתħŮ֣Ҫɱ
ڴʱŷ֣ɫĮһƳȥֱӽǸŮӵĹ飬ħŮˡ
û°ɣŷʵ
ħŮҡͷһ˿Ѫǲûд󰭣֪ǹŷ缰ʱڶѾɱˣԷַǳݶҪɱ
ȥ졣ɫЩ
ŷһȥʱ򣬹ŷɫĿɭȻɨȺǿߣȻһȥ
ɿΪˡŷ翪ڡ
źţһ֪ԹŷҽֻҪŷûˡ
ɿ֣ùŷ֣Ϊˡ
ŷ˫һ룬ȻûڣӴؾȫȹŷС
һϵĸϢ˲٣ЩƵǿ߾ȣû뵽ŷ羹ȻֶΡ
漴ǱЦˣΪǷ֣壬ֻǺһ㣬ȴûмת
ŷüͷһ壬ֱӽԼľѪƳһΣȻûڣʥϢ츲ǡ
ŷ˫ֽӡһѾҽķ룬ͨˡҽͨ񣬴ﵽ磬ŷԳƵֳν
һڿʼת帴գȣ̨Ȼָ
ŷһֱ֣Լˣȴվ˳ȥЩˣʵ˭죿
ŷʣǿޱȣոΪˣʧһξѪʱϢеήңǹŷϵս⣬ȴ޼ֲ˼㡣
һѲһ㱻ɱ˹ŷеɱ⣬ףԼղһħŮҪ١
һ뵽ɱʮ㡣


999 ̫
ȺУ߳һۼ׵꣬Ц˵ϧұҪɱġ
ϣŷӦһϢǸղ˺Ϣ
ڶԷϣŷ绹һָоָо쳣ϤȻϢ
壿ŷɫ
һ壬ȻΪͳ壬ȴһеĻ壬Ϊ߹ĻߡǸȻ˵
Գһ̫ӣһһ콾˵ɫأѹŷԷݡ
һҲ壬֪ҵݣŷʵ
һЦм˵󽫵ˣΣǿߣ㲻һ߽ףҲõǵأֱЦҽҪȫµˣ㲻һѡ
ĳԹŷźĵ⡣
һһλ֣ҪȢΪޣȴ󽫷ΪǸ˺ʲôϵԯͻȻʵ
ҵС壬ǸˣһͶһǿߣһδҾɱˡһЦ
ŷףԷΪ壬ΪʲôԼȻôĵ⣬ԭΪԭһһžԹ
еĹżмأһһţ棬Ǵ˺ɫԣһ첻֪ȥϷʥŮʥŮΪֻǵʱʥŮƣǸˣû뵽쾹ȻᡣһߵͻȻڣ˵ԭί
һ۾һɣɫƬŭǺˣ塣
㲻úˣᣬǴһȻѾû䣬ǹżصģ£㻹鲻м˵
ŷЩ⣬ЩųŮӣʱ򣬾ȻӲ
ԭǾǸжʧȥĴһЦķһȻҲҺָֻšһЦ
ЦС¶һĨŪʼ˵ĻȻһҲҪȫ𡣡
ϧڴˡһԣԸûһеͷ
ˣԹ黹ڣطôԹһʱڸգֵյ۷ΪҴһҲʹطŭ
˻һ˶𾪣һɫ䣬Ȼ˵ˡգȻֻһʱ䣬Ҳܹݺ£ĨɱһȻĽ鼤ŭ
ǲ飬һֻýĿתŷ磬˵㲻ѾվˣΣ
ɱ㡣
ŷ³֡
ֱЦһ߽ףȻҲɱңΪԼɱͬһֻϡһЦΪһ콾ʱΪѾ߾磬һֻϹŴ񣬱֮ϹŴҲ˶٣˻нֶΣ˼㡣ĳ˵սһϹŴҪΣա
ˣ˽סŷ翪ڣϵ¡¡ֱͻһСΣﵽ˽ס
⽫˶һͻƼֱǿЦһҲ̫˰ɡ
ֻйŷԼ֪ѾﵽͻƵıԵֻһֱûʱչأȵԯ뿪֮󣬲ſʼͻƵģͻȻ飬ùŷ粻ò硣
ҲܵԷĿ£һֿ޵еս춼Ƕ֣ŷ߽ףʵ֮죬Ҫһ㣬ֻѡͻơ
ͻһΣڻѪһǱܣ˲ϴ˹ŷùŷǿһֲ²ĸо
ܵ˻ѪǱܣ޵С
ŷ貣һ̫ѹ֮һУ·еΨһ綼ˣֻһʵġ
һɫ΢䣬ܵŷı仯Ȼû뵽ͻһ֮Ĺŷ磬Ȼǿһز
ʹͻΣһɱ㡣һڣȻ
콾Ѿﵽ˸ߵľ磬ֻһܹΪ޵еϹŴκϹŴ֮µǿߣ޾塣
ŷû˵ֻǿһһۣеӣһŭڡ
ְɣȻûлˡŷ絭˵ȻתվУӢ䲻
ڽ£ŷҪѳȥһɲĸо
Ҫ㣬Ҫ۵ģһĮ˵һ㣬ǽɫۼףɢŽɫʥԣƬͬһŷ


1000 ɱһ
Աߣɫĺ룬ʱȴ쵶һ˹쳣
ȻһȻֳмǳȴǳֱӶȫգʮɣסһƬ񷣬죬Ҫ񷶼һ
һƬգ磬û
˭ܹоŷһǳϾԵ̫ӣѾǸ߾磬Ϊһ콾ʵǿˡ
䡣
һɿֲսⱬƽ𣬴һɻ߰ѹ졣
ʮɵĴɳȥϳһ޴ѪѪ˳·ʣһһ
ʥѪҺɢ㣬屦Ѫʥҩ
ʱȴû˸ҶȥϹŴ֮⣬κһǿ߽֮к³Ҳᱻˡ
ŷӻг˳ȥԡУͷһƬ׹⣬Ȼʶŷ羹Ȼڶɽ١
׹⣬˺ŷ磬ȴһ£Ȼſ˳
һΣƱŷɣȻԼ¹֮ɫ䣬֮飬ηıһȻ콾Ϊͨ죬վǹŷı̬Ȼоܿ¡
Ƴȥ
ŷȴЦ˫ֽӡɫһԴĻڡ
磬úáţЦ
һɫĮҧгݣѪ𶯣ڵƤȻŹŷ磬ֶֻΣˡ
仰˵ģҺѣΪ컹ܻŷǿޱȣվھ֮ϣӶ֡
ǿƵ̬ȣһƽʱӱˣʱȴ˸ˣĲˬ
ٴԷ˹ȥǳ֣ս죬ɱݺᣬ֮ϼսŷ˫ʲôʣȴǿĿֲлѪӳ֣ǿ˼㡣
һΪһ壬Ҳǿŷһȣȴ˲֪١
һѪ䣬ǶʥѪգ̺޾ɱ⣬һ񾳽ʿСıһѪϣҽһը飬Ȼѵ飬ΪȻֱӵ龳硣
˶ëȻ˵ѪҺֲ̫ˣΪһˣͳܲס
ֻȺ콾δɫǶֱֻ֣Ƕڹŷսǳȡһ˽׵ʿսǣѹһֱ־סǡ
Ҫ֪ʮ콾һΪǿЩˣΪͨ츳ǿߵ˸ߵľ磬ȻϹŴҲһĵܹߡ
ǾȺΪ޵ˣȴѹƲ˹ŷ磬𾪡һУԲǿģҲģʵϣҲش죬һɱ
ʵȴǹŷĶ֡
ڼսŷеѪ䣬Ҳܵһ˺ȴءһԡѪ˺ü
ڿѪŷ񣬳ɭȻ
һɱزȻԷټͷҲܷŭˡ
Ҫɱ㡣һ˸ٴλһ㣬ŷɱȥ
ŷüڷ⣬罣նֱӽһ޴롣֮һƬѪ꣬˶¶𾪵ɫ˭Ҳû뵽սһһȻˡ
Ԫ˻ӶݣҪ
һŷĮ˵ֱӽһԪ˻ǿıľ
ס֡
Էһ˶ˣǳǿͬŽɫۼףϢһͬ϶һ塣
Էʱ֡Ȼһ֮ǰĽ鲻
ŷֱƳһƣǸ˶һ˼Է𣬱ɡ
ڽԻȻŷһսһزȻսˡ
ǸʩչͨҪӹŷнһԪȥ
ŷɫĮſһ̫ԲֱӸһУ򷨲֡һֻֽһԪƿУȻֱ
һԪҽУ˲ʣû뵽ŷ羹ȻĸҶɱ
ˣʥŮķɱҡһղŻϹŷݣȴ˵ŷʥŮķйأɱ
úܶ˱ģһ񣬳˷̡
еʥŮҪҵģɱһֻ࣬ŻΥĹءŷЦ
𶯣ԷԪһҽУǸǿҲżͣŷ֣ȴһöûУֻһԪ񱻹ŷճʧ


1001 콾
ǸǿɵۣȻŭŹŷ磬ɱ̫ӡŭɫƬгɱ⡣
ûҲɱˡŷЦ
תһ죬ЦֵܣΪ㱨ˡ
ɫЩ԰ףȻڹŷ֮£ָȴеԪŷĻЦ˵ллֵˡ
ҲҪһսŷתסǸ꣬ɫ΢΢Щζ
Ǹɫ͹ŷһսԲңϾŷʵǿģɱһ̫ӣʵһ֮䣬ʵǲġ
ߣɱ̫ӣѾһˣ֮Уÿ˶㣬һ鷳û˻㡣Ц
Ǿһ壬ҹŷ粻£Ƕڸ˺ѵˣһŹŷĻǳļᶨĻغգŹŷɱ⣬˱ɫ
ǲҪսһսŷ罫ĿͶЩˡ
Щ߾콾һĬҲܵˣǰ˲ɵУʵ̫ǿˣȻǾڹŷ磬ҲѹǿսҲֻĿԡ
һսûбʤİա
Щ˲ŷ粫Ѿǰһһӣһܣ̫ܿܺһ͵ظɱ
Ӳǻν콾أֲôʱ䣬δͻƣһȺ˻ôܳΪϹŴ񡣡ŷЦг˷̡
Щ콾ȫɫǽʮɱڹŷϡ
ڴʱһӰ֣ǱˣǰѩЩ콾һۣĮ˵սǺʥԺӭҪȺ֮Ǳʲôط
ǳǿƣΪϹŴ񣬿ԸЩˡ
ʵϰѩҲ콾ΪϹŴʱ䲢ʵȴǳǿԶԶһϹŴܹȵġ
ʱ棬ԷѹǳһΪѩΪһΪѩĺʥԺ
˼ԣǿʥԺսһһսɱ˺ʥԺĵӣֻҪ˫ԸԵģǶܣҪԶ٣ǾͲˡ
ҲǺʥԺĹأЩҲΪ֪һ㣬Żսġ
ɱֱϨȺһ콾ŹŷЦȻǴʱ棬ʱ֪ǵ
һһսһȫǳսУǸ𣿡ŷ絭˵ǿƵ˼㡣
ʥԺĵĿɿڴ̲סô˵ŷ綼֮еһԱʹԹŷ粻Щ콾ʥԺΪǷǳ
ڼŷǿƣȻһֳĸо
Щɫ࣬Ӧ뵽һĲ״ʱǱ㲻˵ˡ˭ҲŷһսǲǹŷĶ֣һսǱȻҪԿ
һսŷָǸŮˣԷһսһɱ£ŷУҪΪ±
ǸŮӲװûŷĻ
㲻˵Ҿ͵Ĭˣҳˡŷ絭˵
Ļһ䣬ǸŮɫ䣬ϽûдӦʵһܹԸ£һɱĹŷ磬ȻĶ֡
˼ǺʥԺûѡأǿѡΧңȴһ˭ءŷĮ˵ǸŮӳֺ֣գǸŮӱɫ嶼ڲȻһ߶ȥ
֣ѩһɱֱֹȥЩ콾ɫͣסԼж
ѩ˼ԣʹŷƣҲȺ֮ͻ⵽ʥԺĹ
һ콾ĬĬķߣ
뿪˶ֻһŷסŮɵˣû뵽Լͬ龹ȻˣһΣգȻֱӽˡ
̲סƿڴǴʱѾˡŷ綢ס岻ȥ
ɱ
ŷһȭֱŮӵ壬ը飬Ԫѿˡ
𡣡
ŷֱӶŴͨһֶϻʩչŮӵԪԪܿ찵Ȼ󳹵ʧ
һ߾콾ɱŷ˾ηһѾǿˡ
ѩŷ񣬶һĨȡףΪʲôԺ߱棬˿عŷ磬ı֣ǺεлѪŷһΪͿذħĸ˰ɡ
һһӣҲӣ䵱


1002 ϸ콾
ɱ߾콾ŷѪ¡¡ʮյڣȻ
ʲô𾪡
ͻƾ磬Ϊδȫȥڲ侫ȹ̾磬Ϊŷ绤쿪ڣȻɫ԰ףǼᶨվ˹ŷߡ
ԯ֣ɣһָһӴľûŷڡ
ŷ貣ɢŻ֮һò׵ơ
ˣ
һoӹŷվھ֮ϣŲãءȻӰȴһָоΨһʵġ
oͻȻſһǳ޹⣬쾫£ȫûoڣͬʱŷеϢ磬ľ
ѾվڹŷΧˣ˿ŷг˾֪̾ŷøǿˣȻΪֻһףʵȴ߽ףȫͬն
ৡ
һ⸡֣նŷ¡
˾㤣ǾϹŴĽȻϢϢ
ҹ
ԯһƳ˳ȥֱǵֺգһͣһѹ¡
Ǹط飬һӰԶУԶȥ
յԯĿ³֡
ʱ򣬹ŷ۾ͻȻһһããͬһ㣬Զɱȥ
ʮ֮⣬һӰɳȥѣһͱˡ
⻹յǸϹŴԯˣвʣһǱ˻û뵽Ȼŷ緢֣ǿһ
һΣĲͣˣһϢ˲ӳ˵߷Χ
ɱԯ쿪ڣ˫ӡȻҪɱϹŴ
һɿֲϢգһ䡣
ѩһϤԯʹõͨȻĽ
ֶ˵һֽɣοԯ졣һʹãһھѪùŷɫһ䣬Ҫֹԯ졣
ԯȴҡͷȻ˫ӡ綼ںһգվ֮䣬ȥ
ˣ
һ죬ԯзɳһ⣬ֱӶȥǹϢļ£Ȼѩʶĺ˼Ȼ󾪺¾֮⡣
ŰѩĻѾӶݳȥ֪پյϹŴͻȻһɾף֪϶ԼˣõĽֶΡ
һУ϶Ϊһˣ治㲻һɨǸϹŴ־еüĳһѪ¶ŵɫôܣ
ȻȻը飬ʧ֮䡣
ԽɽӣŷͨһĻȫɫȻһϹŴ񣬾Ȼһν¾֮⣬ֲ˼㡣
ʩչԯһһߵȥŷϽ¶ԯ죬ʵ㣬û°ɣ
ŷϢԯڣһ
Ȼʹõԯ죬ΪսʤǮʵ̫ۺˣղ˵һ㱾Դǲأһ±á
һսʹį
߾Ž׵콾䣬һϹŴ񱻻ɱúܶʥԺеѧѪǻţԼһ죬Ҳܹﵽŷ磬֮䣬նɱǿ
ܶ˶¶һҪúʹǹŷ̬ҲҪΪߡ
һʱ֮䣬ʥԺգﵽһ۷塣
ҪˣҲóˡԯ˵ŷУһ˿ᡣ
Ͻ콾ŷǱȥμӣĻ볡ˡ
һսûκιǿ棬ֻܳΪ˵⣬ԹŹ콾˲ǧҪСġǰԺԳ֣ǡ
ϹŴУδܹ֤ԼĲǧҪŽᣬ˲ֿܵĵˣӣҪںӡ߱ɫء
ŷһǼǿʲôزԺ֪ģȻ˵Ļɴ˿ɼ콾ֲʲôزˡ
вѹԼΪ̤ϹŴģȴһֱûн룬Ҫе֣ǿ̬ϹŴУ˺ܿ£ԲɱһϹŴ񡣡Ժٴ³һϢ
ɱϹŴʲôΪƾˡ
ŷܷ˶ĿͶŷ磬֪ŷһͻ֮սһɲĸо
ĿԼŷҡͷܹһϹŴ񣬲ǰֻܿͨɱ˵ϹŴȴ̫ˡ
˵һЩģʱȴǶһۣԷϵء


1003 
ͬսŽ޵Уµһ˵ǱϾΪ˽ףˣԿԺ̾
ŷ֮ͬʵǿǳԿΪ̫ǳǹŷ߾磬ԺͲˡ
ʱȻϹŴ񣬳߱һֻϹŴ񣬷򶼱ѹƹŷ硣
޵УڹŷӵĿֲ񾳽磬㿪˻ѪȻһ޵֮·
ΪʲôһҪμϽ콾ţʳԼ⣬Щ棬ֻţһμġ
˵ĺ콾ۣдȶ滹иֻԵʵ콾أĵطû㹻ɣô֮͡
ΪһԺɫء
ʲô˺档
˵˵ǵõܹƿԺ˵һأǳһ
ôҲû뵽ν콾Ȼйϵ
ŷʶΪֻطʲôزھȻйϵֲô֮͡
ɻǣЩϹŴΪʲôȥ
϶ɻϹŴΪʲôȥϹŴȥǸطһ壬ǿޱȣл߽٣ȻĻԲܳǸطһй涨ϹŴ֮²ܹ룬ҪΪϹŴҲֻΪϹŴ񡣡Ժ͡
һ壿ŷǾȣѵк᣿
˭Ҳ֪һôˣһֱػǸطȻǿǶϽȴûһΣֻ˵ڵȴԵˡ߱Ž͡
ŷǶһۣԷеɻرԼȡȴȴȡôоһıϢ
Ƿģ϶ûʲôı󵨵ȥɣסԼҪġԺοǡ
ûıأŷ֮󣬱һֲԤУνһı
뵽ǿ콾һûͷЩǸһЩʲôĻȻŭʱ˵ʲôһ壬ǻ˶ʹ
ʶһ֮󣬹ŷ·Ժָʾǰ콾ĵһվǣ˵ս֮ڣԳһ棬ݻһС档
ΨһŻֻҪǣһˣŻǸС򿪣콾ȥ
ŷǺХأǿϢ֮䣬֮˲֪˲ǿ·
ͬĲŷǣܶʱһǿߺն¡¡ǧĤݣʵ̫ˡ
ЩٶжʮˣŷŶӣʵ̫Сˡ
ܶ˲мֻǿ˹ŷһۣת⡣
ˡŷЩơ
˵ٵĶжʮˣҶ콾е콾ȻһɰаŶӣȻԶԣŶʵ̫ˡʿЦ
ŷǶһۣԷеΣ֮ǰҲûЩ콾Ȼģĳ
Ͻ콾̫ˣϽ̫ˣЩ˶һƽʱǴʱȴ֣ȫǳ¡
ר֯ŶӣԲŻĹģ˾㤡
һȺǿߣϹŴ˱ᣬǡ
ڲμ콾ǿߣиߵսǿеٮٮߣ֣شϹŴɱ
߰ɣϣܹˣȻ飬Ҳ̫ˡŷЦ
ŷЩˣ̫ģսǴ򲻹ֻҪһ㣬ҪΧסӳȥ
Ͻ콾ǹŷҲʡ͵ĵơ
ǣʥԺ·̲ȫУҪһ£ŷ̲ס̾Ͻʵ̫ˣȻˣЩѾ֪ĵط˵Ͻİٷ֮һ
䡣
պǽһɽͷͻȻ죬ɱ糱ˮһӿ
ŷһһ󷨣ר͵Ϯˡŷһȭ⣬ס󷨵ĺɱ
ȥ
ŷǰѪ·Ҫ󷨡
ʱʮӰ֣һɫ
ô죬󷨣Ǳܹӳʱһ췢꣬ɫ䣬Źŷǣɱ⡣
ǺˣΪʲôҪǳ֣ŷᣬһһʣ˭ҪҪˣôļడǿԴһˡǸ췢Ц
˵ĲЩһΪп϶̺ľ˵ܹǵΪһ¥˸ͣһεӡ
ŷƤˣһȺ࣬Ȼ˵Ҫˣʵ̫ˡ


1004 ʳһ
༸Ҳɫ΢䣬ֳ˳ħŮ࣬ྐྵȻҪˣһֺܱŤĸо
ڤɫ΢΢һ˵˵Ͻʳһ壬רųΪʿʵҲ壬Ǿʳһ壿
췢΢΢Щ⣬Це˵û뵽ϽоȻ֪ʳһˣҰܿϧǾҪˡ
ǲǱ𣿡ڤԷݱ֤ʵ̲סʵ
ʳһΪʵΥͣʮϹŴ֣Ⱥˣû뵽Ȼ
Ҫʳһ壬ô׵ģʮϹŴҪȥǳԵϹŴ⣬һǳó԰ɡһεӣùŷǸоЩġ
ǶǱ̬ӦûϡŷһҪ˵ӡ
ɱ˶˵ʲô£˷Ƕνܹ治ɫˣʵսļޡ
ڵϣŷҲ˵ʳһ壬ȴûм̫⣬ˣָо˵ıŤ
ӦӦûϣܹģܻܲϣȴܹġ췢ԼͷЦš
ŷޱ飬ľԼԶˣ
Ļú췢һȻʶĴ֣ɱǡ
ڴʱŷ籬ˣƵɫĻһϽϢƵһϣǿԺ硣
ơ
ŷһֶϻ귢ӵ˼ޣֱ飬ЩʳǿߣǿѪɳȥ
ͬʱԯݺҲ֣ȫԼǿĹ
Ժõ壬Ǹûһ飬ֱǾɱ
ɱ
ŷǸ췢˹ȥɱڣһȭתǬ۷ˡ
Ǹ꺧Ȼڷ⣬ϱԹŷĹóǿΪߣһսǿ̫ӡ
ȻڵǣǿҲֻбܵĽǿϧǹŷ硣
ֻһӴ췢ɳȥѣҪ鿪ˡ
ôܣͬ޵У˽ס̲סɫѪʣȳޱȡ
ʳ壬гԹǵʶһı䣬Ѫɺɫˡ
˽ףһɱ㡣ŷɫĮ
ɱȥȻ֮ںһ𣬸ӵĿֲһһԶĴϣХһһϽⶴգ˷·𻯳һʵӡֱѹ
Ϣǹŷ硣췢ʳǿϳŷݣ¶𾪵ɫȻתܡ
ŷͷ̫ˣɱ̫ӣɱͬеıŮһˣʵǿеˣǶ֡
û뵽㾹ȻʶңǾͻİɡŷЦգγһᴩգԷ˻
Ǹ췢ʳǿĲʣͣҪŷ
ȴŷƿأѲ
ʳһ壬Υͣɱŷ֣ɱʳһš
Է𣬵ȴѲ˹ŷƿأ͹ŷȣʵźܴĲ࣬ǹŷĶ֡

һҽУŷֱ飬ֻ𶯣Ԫ飬׻ɱ
ʳǿ߶Ǵʧɫ췢ʳǿߣ֮ǿһˣȴסŷĻɱɫ䣬תܡ
ԯݺգᴩ֮䡣ǶǿֶΣɱһȺˡ
ʳǿ߽һӳȥŷҲû׷ȥ
߰ɡŷ翪ڣֳôĶ϶ὫһԷһ壬˼ŷǾΣˡ
ԽǽӽǣŷԽһΣУǵʵʵ̫ˣЩӴ˵ֱֵһᡣ
ھʵŷ绹ģǿһ߾콾նҲʧˡ
ǵĹ۵ˣ˵ʵе㲻ȥˡŷ翪ڡ
Ǹ֮棬ڵʵηκˣȴһԷǿ壬ûʵЩ
ҲˣǻҪȥûа취顣ԯݺЦ
ǶһۣԷеء
һطЪϢڴʱһ˸նŷ硣
ŷ絯ָԷˣһȭǸ˱飬ڷ
Ҫƻٵˣѵ֮ʵ𣿡ħŮüԵЩ
һ·ܶɱˣЩǿڰУҪɱһЩμӱǿߣŷǵˣǳ磬йŷڣЩ˸ûеֵĻᡣ


1005 һ˲
ΧʵˡŷЦ
ԽӽǣԽԽ࣬ŷŷ֣Լ˾Ȼˡ
һȺ˿Ц֮ǰ׳־ʱȫʧˡԯݺᣬЩãȻ֪ԼܷԱ
磬ǻǲμ˰ɡţٴ˵
Ҳ˳ǿԻȥ콾ǵϣҲðˡŷ˵
ʲôţжһŷҪԼȥμӣ
ŷ΢΢ͷ϶ǵĲ²⣬ҪԼȥμӡŷָоԼ϶ջջʲôȴ֪
УһģȻҪһˣǲһȥðա𽣿ڣͬŷ뷨
ԯݺо˸ʱһȺ˴Ϸɹʮȫ졣
˹ŷһۣͻȻڵͬŷһȥμӱ
˻һ˶һ
ŸЩԯݺᣬЩĺһ䣺ԯʦ壬ô
ǰùŷһȥμ콾𣿡Ҳ˵
ڤĬȻҲڵͬŷһ˲μӡ
˻һסˣڤôҲͬŷһ˲μӡ
ڵǣǲμӣǾǸֻۣйŷһʵμ콾㿴ϹȥЩǿߣһܹսġڤʵ
˶ĬȻս죬ǺЩѾΪߵ콾ȣͲ̫ˣֻйŷһˣʵѹǣҪǸȥʵֻǹŷۣһ˲μӣʱʵȻǿĸ֣Ҳܳȥڤ˵
ҲͬڤһĹ۵㡣ţҲڡ
֪ڤ˵еȴѽܣǶ콾һʱ˽ܣԼͬ飬뿪ָоܡ
֪ʲôָоһҪμһ콾һԵڵңǣȻȥɣȵΪ㹻ˣ콾ڽȥֻǰװŷɫࡣ
ʵ⼸죬ҲߣȻǶԲμӱʧȥġ
ǿʵ̫ˣȻϹŴľ֮£ʵǿᣬδϹŴٮٮߣȹŷ绹Ҫǿ
ɺԺҲǡڤЩ˵
ǰԺǹֻ֪һǵ쵰ţҲ
ԺǺˡƽʱΪȻţʱҲˡ
ŷЩЦãЦ˵ˣǻȥɣԺĿĴﵽˣһǲҪȥĺá
ŷĻЩģǻ׼뿪ˡ
ǣҪŷڤԯݺᴫ
ͲˡϾ콾ĺΣգκ˳⡣ڹŷԼбǿ׷ɱľ飬ΪԼκ⡣
ġ
ԯݺڤ
ֱ뿪ŷһţʧ
һ·ŷ絹Ƿſģһ˵ʵ㹻ǿһΣգӳȥĻһǳ򵥵顣
ʱ䣬ŷǡ
ǿƣڿգ壬ͷɣһʵкܶƿߣڸ߾磬һֻ̤ϹŴֻǲһԵ
£ǿҺܴܿرǿĶǹŷĶҲΣգһСĶܱɱ
ҲǹŷһһˣЩ˸ǿƣǲκˣΪʵﵽһָ߶ȣȻΧҲܴ뿪
ȻһЩǿŶӣǿߡ
һ˽׵ķϲģȻҲˣֱһЦŷ߽ǳأһҿһۣ񾳽ˣֻԼһ
Է˵ԼŷһӾͷӦˡ
תȥ򿪿˵ˣһЩḡ꣬ĸߣһֺõӡ
ǵʵǿ󣬲ȴͻڸҳ̹ŷ磬ȫΪŷΪ̫ͣ˽ףˣǶǡ
㲻ڱ˵УһЦ𣿲ǿߣȴһ˽׵ʿ湻ġŷЩм˵
ƨϹ˵ʲôֻǿһϲģȻֱǶЩ콾衣Ǹŭ͵Ҫ֤ԼһӲһۡ
һۣŷ΢΢ҡͷúһԲмƽϡ
ת뿪ԷȴǱӸŪŭˣһŭЦ𣿸һ
ŷץ˹ȥ貣Ƕ˺ǿ


1006 Ц
ŷתһָǿ
䡣
һ죬Ǹĸ첲ѣ׷飬ҽһ˺ܶಽԡѪ
˶Щ𾪵Źŷ磬һȻսʵ̫ˡܶ˾ùŷǰϻľ磬϶ֹ˽ס

ŷɫĮɨǸһۣ
ǰҲܹǴδһˣһûС
Ȼ꣬ʵȴǲҲǸ߾콾ȻҲμ콾
ŷĺǳ⣬ɫͨ죬ҪŷǱֱӶһ£Ҳ˵ˡ
ŷɫĮתߡ
ܶŷ񣬳Ȥһս˺ġ
˲Զŷ˲˵սЦãԼͣѵͺ۸ЩҲӣҪû㹻ʵһ˽׵ˣôǡ
ŷһ¥ʱ򣬶ʱĵСһߣŷʱֱĺͲмɫùŷһץˡ
ҵһλ£мĵСҪһЩƲˣ㲻˵ʵ˼ƽʲôе㲻ֵá
˵ʳٴˣظμ콾ĸ֣˶ˡ˵ɫдһĨǡ
Ȼ˵ˣʳҲûˣܶǿߣЩǿߣɱ˲١Ӧ
ŷһʳǿߣȻΨһģֻеһֶѣЩ˵˼Ȼбʳ顣
ƼҴ衳֣һʳ飬߸Ǹȳʳ廰˸̾
˵Ҳͬ²ɵɱ˶ʮʳǿߣݡ˲
̫֣绹ҪͣɱʮʳǿߡҲ˸͵
յѩصʥҲ֣ʳǿߣɱǺܶˡ
һϢǵǿߡ
˵Ǹݺŷ磬Щʳǿߣʲô˵˽׵ʵնɱ̫һʵز֮¡ʡ
ЩȻԶﴫ˽նһߣǸ߻콾ȻǺʥԺϱǿ߳ˣԲն̫ӣΪһıԲ˵ǹŷɱģʵŷʵһ㣬μӱȶʸûСһ˵˵һʮĲӡ
ô֪һ˲ɵʵ
һ磬˵ŷ磬һֻֽŷѹǸʿ˵
ŷ籾պһˮĻһ㱻ˮǺסˣһֻֽѹϹŴ񶼲˵Ļɣ
ŶԷܻҲаɡ
죬Ҳ̫ˣ˵ŷսϹŴ񡣡ҶǸг˾η
ʵŷҲûôǿˣұУʮûгŹȥǸʿ⡣
ŷɶҲ˵ˣŷſܳŲʮ
յĽôˣʿʵ
˶յĽ˺棬Ҫ֪շʲô顣
ŷģҸ˺ܶͷұǸʿ˵һ㽵ӣʲôʱܹΪұǿڣ㹻ˣʱϵ£޵С
һӣ˸̾ŷ綼һ˵ˡ
ЦãԼģһｫԼʲôˣżжԱܣ˵ǹģǾԲܵġ
ŷҲ磬һ﴿ǻȡ裬͵һЦˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷŷ罫ת˹
ɣǸʿÿ˹ŷı飬ȡ裬˵˼ٻоЩ飬ŷĶʱΪŷڶԼм
ʿ̼ˣͻȻվָŹŷСӣӺܲмǲҵĻ𣿡
һӣָŹŷ磬Ե÷ǳ߰
ŷƳһۣ˵νŲţûз
ʱŷЩˣɫɢһϣǸʿһ
ŷ粻˽׵Ϊ¶ɫھ㷢ŲҵĻ
Ϣһвζ
ŷüͷѱ㣬ҲûðɣģŲҵɣ޹أҪҡ
ŷĻѾһ˿⣬ݵĻ֣úýѵһ¶Է


1007 ȸһǿ
һСȻ˵Ҳúýѵ㣬ǲ֪ߵغˡǸʿЩŭ˵
ɫ죬ŷƽ
ŷɫȻһ˫ӶŶԷǸʿܵһѹ֣ŷ粻˽ףѾǸˣǸеĺ֣Ȼ˵޵УǱһĸ߶ǿˡ
ֻǴʱԹŷʱȻһ˿ļ£һϹŴһĸоָоǳãʿľ
ﻢ£ҲֻܼȥȻĻʵ̫ˡ
Ҫѵңŷɫζ
֪ʲôߵغʲôǰʿ˵ŷ֣޾ĵ籡ɷն
ľܵеܣ֪˵ʵȷʵǳǿ֮д󲿷ֵˣҲˡ

ŷɫĮһȭȭͷһŻƽըʵϢǸʿһ
ɳȥѡ
˽ףϢǹŷ硣˾
ʱڳҲӦղǻЦһŷ飬˾Ȼǰ
һȭشһߣŷս𾪣Ȼһ޵е˽ܡ
ǹŷ磿Ǹʿɫұ䣬֪ԼοЦŹŷôʱ䣬û뵽˼˾ߣһֱûзȴһֱ˹ŷ硣
ղ˵Ұ֣֮˵֡ŷ絭˵
Ǹʿɫͨ죬ֱת֧֧˵ʱЩʿӦһһƣʲô罫ŷˣڿӣǳ
ͬ޵Уûйܼҵʶһ絽ǺεǿߣȻܹһֻѹҡŷɫĮ
ǸʿԴðҪߣȴԼŷȻߵĿԶûˡ
ԹŷʵֻҪӣŷܹڵһʱ佫ɱӡ
Ҵˣԭ£ҹϡǸʿ˵ڵġ
ܶ˲мΪﵽ磬˲ҪƤˣʵټ˱ĵ˼㡣
ұû鷳ԼԾȻҵ鷳첻һ㲻ùŷɫĮ
ʱɢһִϣô˵ذŷжһĨη
һŷ磬ȻšһЦ
硣Ǹʿϲ۾һ˲Źˣˡ
ŷɫƽȻܵǿϢӽȴ޾壬ɫƽʲô飬˹ŷ
һ֣ᴩأս£һ˫ڹŷϣ˲м
ȸһ壿ŷɫ΢
Ͻȸһһǿ߿ǹŷ磿ˡĮ˵
ս𶯣һִǿϢƣ˶ɫһߡ
½ȸһ壬ʲôϵŷʵ
һȺūͶѣҿȸһһС֧һϹŴȣ߰˵
ŷüڿݡԷ½ȸһ嵱ū͵Ϊܲˬŷ粻Լܹ֮Ĵ׷ɱϽУпȸһǰķ֮һĹ͡
뵽ڿȸһĵλǳߣԹŷҲûз˵Ȼλıܣʹ߰ɣ½ȸһжҲ׷顣
ǹŷʵ뷨ԷԵ޹ʵĴҥԣƣŷɱ˶ԷҲΪһѾǺܸԷˡ
ĻȴЦЦֱЦұܣһû鷳㾹Ȼ˵ƽˣǲˣ
ŷɫһ䣬ҪΣ
ܼ򵥣ұܿͷȻԷΪ㲻Ц˵
ڽԻȻľҶˣǸʿԣҪʵеˣһûС
ҪԷΪҪ¿ͷŷɫζ
һȻɫ
ŷһ̾㲻ԼҪе𣿡
ɫᣬŷĻɫ¶һ˿мȻҿȸһҪô֣ǿȺūһ㽻飬ұɱ㡣
㶯ְɡ
ŷ絭˵ϴһĨЦݣһ˿޵ĳ
۾Źŷ磬һĳˡ
⣬һ磬ŷֹȥҪѹС
˾ܵԵܣǺˣ±ֻйŷһˣɫƽ


1008 ͻΧ
ֱĹŷǰ˶ֻظ֣תµ
ֻӲ磬˵ĲֱӺɳȥһЩΪǳˣǲһ㱻ײನ
ǿµһι¥ҡΣȴûе£תȻ˵Ĺ
енػȻ콾ײûлٵ¥һʿ̾
ϹŴ޷һһľǸػǿľˡһ׷ԲԵߣɫؿ˵
׷̣ҲˣѾμӵĵʮ콾ˡզ࣬ϳߵݡ
һĲߣΪֹμʮαμӵģ˰ꡣ
ˣܶϹŴ񣬶ֻСȴ֪Ϊʲô޷ͻƴﵽϹŴ񾳽磬һֱڸ߾ǻȻʵҲǳǿٲμӹʮ콾δ˵׷ܹʲô˺
һ⣬һɲĸо
ͷԤУһͻƵϹŴ񾳽硣׷Це˵
԰Ҹ˵һα˵ܹϹŴ񾳽磬ջʧˡһ콾ɡ
Ҳ游˵ϴΰ׷̳֣Ҳ˵ġ
ʼһΰ׷ǰıһΰ׷ǰ˵Լܹͻơ
һһǵĻð׷΢졣
׷̵һۣû˵˵ʲôǰҶڻۣһξҪͻˡ
ϣһǵʱ򣬿ˡ˵Ц
׷̵Ǽһһۣɫ΢΢Щڨڨ
ŷϣ˿δɫƽҲȸһΪУǣ½ȸһж
ûм֣ãѾǴûйˣǷǰŷɱһʹ˵
Ȼ飬ɫЦ֪ҵĶ֣Բ˵Ļ԰ɣ½ȸֻǵūͣǺǳϹϵҲŹġ
ŷЦãǲûӡ
ҲĶ֣ŷ練ʡ
ǣսǿֻǾã㲻ǵĶ֡ſĻһȺ˳֣ŷΧм䡣
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רΪ׼ɱ֣֪Ϊʲôȸһ壬ûй񡣡ŷ翪ڡ
ɫƽûʶԼΣյʱ
ֻܹǾѪҲյĵˣʥŮҼʥӽãԵ֪֮Ҽʥӱһֱע٣ҪΪ˳ĸ󻼡վڿߵһ߿ڣ׷ɢǿȸһ壬ǿȸһ׷ߣԭˡŷ絭ЦվȻΪЩܹɱң
ϹŴӲȻսǿ󣬵վϹŴ񡣡Ц
ŷ΢΢Цֱſʵ֪Ϊʲôܴߵ׷ɱ𣿡
ŷĻһֱá
Էŷ³ĸ֣Ȼֱȥ
֮ϵľԵķڼʱ䣬ǿκ˺ġ
֣ס
𣬶ʮǿ֣߳ƺƵһƬû
顣
ŷһֶϻֱʹڿϣҽһֱӱˡ
ָͨϹŴ񶼵סο
𡣡
ŷֱԪ񣬺ȳϻ֮ҽУԪ񶼱ˡ
һĻ˶벻ô˵İΧ֮£ŷ羹Ȼ˳ȥҺȻ֡
һУŷֱ˺գ˲ʧӰ١
ȺǿǸӦŷһ˿ϢȻ׷ȥ뵽ŷղŵָͨз
һɫۼγһΣٴγ֣ȴɫ԰ףһ㱻ɱ
ղԪ񶼱ˣͷеı֮Ѿˡ
ŷ硣
쳤Хǡ
ΧˣһǼʶŷǿô˵İΧУһɱʵȻϹŴҲˡ
˭Ҳûз֣Ⱥһ׷Ӱһʧ
ŷڳǳصһߣͷ棬ֱһ¥ΪøĪ⣬˿͸
һ£Ҳһ̣һӰԤ׵ĳߣȻ


1009 ʦ
ŷüȻһ㷢ֶûСҪ֪ȻϹŴδܹһ㡣
ʶŷ΢΢Щ衣
˭ʵʶԷģղҲ棬Ǳ˳׷̵ǸߣҺ񻹲μ˲֪ٴε콾ϲ
Щ˵׷ûͻϹŴ񣬵ǹŷȴһָоһϹŴҪ¡
Ҳʶ㣬뿪ŷ˵˰̫
ͽܣʦҶʶˣ̫ʦˡ׷ͻȻɥŷ˵ùŷһ
ͷ㲻Ҫ̫֣ڣûʦ㲻Ҫռұˡŷ粻ˬ˵
һﻹеĲһʺһˣȴʦҿడ̳µһţȻʦ棬Ҳˡ׷ͻȻһһ߿޻һ˵ģģᰡ
ŷߣһﻹNɪˡ
зһҪһɳȥŷϵǣԷһ㷴ӦûС
ʿĿͶ˹ָָָģŷг˲м
ùŷɫ쳣ÿֱվ
϶㲻Ҫ˵ҼҴԨԴûʦٺ˵ĻҶ㲻ŷģһٵĪļһмȲˬ
λС仰ʹˣ׻˵һΪʦΪôܹʦ˲ءһվһߣùŷǣڶԷϣȻоһ˿ŵϢ
˭㵱ĻҲ⣬ȷʵʶϼһŷ粻˵
λ˵һ㣬䣬˳ƵɢˡǸ˵³һùŷǳϤ֡
㡣ŷ羪ȡ
ѵʶ£Ǹ΢΢Щȡ
𣿲һﲻصԼĶϱĶӶˣһǧЦŷĮ˵
û뵽ﾹȻܹ䣬˾ȻҲδȥǳ˸ߣϽпĺܲ
Ҳˡɫ䡣
ЩʿҲĿɿڴȻϽûеЩν񷨣ǽԼϱĶӸŪˣϽУǺټġϾҶߣħƵаħ֮⣬ҶԼǷǳпġ
ǻ飬Ͻûеġ
㲻ǰװʲôᣬһҺͷûйϵŷ˵
俴˹ŷһۣЩ뿪
Ҳ£ֻǸ׷Щơŷ˵ҵͽܣһһ
ơŷɫƽ
һõƷ㿴һ£ǲǺһϤСóһɫףһƣǲ
ܶߵĻΪóʲôĶһ׵ʱ򣬶ʱ
ⶫȻӲӣȴһһıֶûУʧ
ŷȴüУͻȻ۾һһʧŷ綢Ű׷̣ʵΪʲô
һʼҲΪһõ֮󣬲Ÿо׿ڵĻѪֱΪѪӵһ
ùŷ羪ȵǣף˲䣬ͱںˣ׿׵һ֡
ֱӽ˹ŷĵУȻǼײԿó׿ףǺһĶ
Ϊҵͽܰ׷Це˵
ˣĺôҲˣȻҲ֪ʲôĿģܹоûж⡣ŷ
ǣͽܣģҵȻж⣬ʦҳΪϵĻ֮ҾʽΪͽ׷Це˵
ŷԭԽһﳶȻо׷̺ܿµģŷȴԿ϶ԷԲʲôϹŴŷоһߡ
ȿȣͷ㻹Ҹһ𣿡ŷʵ
׼ʦ׷һۣһŷԴȥ
ŷ缫𾪵ǣ׷һƣǽʵʵԴ档
ŷ̲סɴ۾ղһָоԼΣܶùԷİơ
ܶ˼ŷ类ѵ̲ס͵Ц
ŷɫһ죬û˵ͷӡ
ǲأ׷Це˵
ͷ޺ӣŷȴе㷢ëû˵ֱӱˣϼһ̫ˣΪĪ⣬벻Ƕ֡


1010 ɱ
ŷе㲻ˬӣ׷Це˵Сӣ֪ɣһҾһ׬ˡ
ʲôŷʵ
һƵĻս£Զʱˣձǿճϣͳӣܹս޸Ժĺô׷Це˵
ǿճϻս£ŷ𾪣ɲһܹġ¾Ҳδ׷̵˭
𾪣԰׷̵Ķλٴΰθһء
𾪣Ҫʦܵľˡ׷Ц˵
ŷƲ죬û˵
˴ã극֮󣬰׷һĨ죬ͽܸˡ
ŷɫڣҿžԲ˴ǮȻĻϵĲ²⣬׷̳Լٵġ
ڳҵһСԺ䣬ŷס
û¶𲻱Ҫ鷳ʵ⼸죬ʱǿ߳ڳУһŷҲˣĴѰ
ùŷЦѪ굽ʲôһЩ⾹ȻڣùŷоЩ˼顣
˵ΪȾѪǿĻȻԭеǣǿ
ҾǿϽ磬һֱڣδ֣ǵȥʲôطʲܶػˣϽУδ˵ǵϢ
ЩϽϹŴҲ֪٣֪
׷ûиŹŷ磬ǳţ۹ŷߵܹҵùŷͷӻ
аµʱ䣬콾ĵطŻῪǴʱУѾ˲ֵϢ
ʱǿ߷ͻս
콾δ콾㱻ɱѪȾء
սˣûиŵˣ߰ĿҲѰҹŷ磬õ͵
Ͻ콾֮أû˸˵ԼԵ޵Сοа֮ϵĴŶӣӵſֲ
෴ģЩһ˲ˣȻأЩŶӣҲ̫⡣ֻһˣ쵽ԣߣ˵ʵһ㶼ǳǿһǶסˣ³Ժòȥ
ŷУҪ۲ǷԼ˳֡
ʧǣһ˶ûпŷЦϽʶĲ̫࣬Ͻˣǲμε콾ġ
ϾǺϽȣ̫ˣֻмŻǰǹŷȴϲʶˡ
䡣
һ죬һϢŷһƵĸо
һһ£ʱ֪Էݡ
ɱϤˣȻҲϽˣں˷ͻ
ŷһ˹ȥ
ĵӰϸ죬Χһ۵꣬ڽмҲɱ
Ȼ겻ֵĶ֣ʱѾ˵ѪҲǿûг·磬ʱķҲöԷҪԴ
ֱ֣Ѿ˵ܾˡ
ŷ֣ʮӰ𣬽ɱΧм䡣
½ϣƾҲμ콾ȥɡǸ˴ɱڡ
˷֣ɱԡѪۼҪˡ
ŷüҪȥʱһְֻ˹ŷļ棬ȻһϤͽܣҪżҰˡ
׷Цеģһֻ־Ͱס˹ŷ磬á
ŷԽԽϼһɲ⣬ֱʵ̫ˡ
㣬춥סˡŷЩ
ϼһ̵ģǸûнϣùŷЦãɵĴߴٰ׷̡
֪ˣİɣڣԲġ׷ƲƲ죬Ȼֱӳ˳ȥɱǵսС
ˣסְɡ׷쳣װƵһ䣬˫֣һ˵ӡ
˫סˣ˭Ҳ벻ͻȻֹǵ
ЩΧɱҲֻһ£Ȼֱӳ֣׷ɱ˹ȥ
һû׷һһɱȻݵһʧ˵ǰ
Щһ㶣ȻȻŭֱ׷˹ȥ
ŷƲƲ죬ѾӦ׷̵ĴˣЩ׷ϵĻǲء
ŷҲʧȺУֻʣȺǿߣŭ죬ڵѰңȴûҵ׷ǵ١
ŷصסʱ򣬹Ȼְ׷Ѿˣվɱ񣬴ʱɫ΢΢ϲ԰ףŹŷͰ׷̣ɫЩ⣬ˣԼʶ
ɱ֣һ꣬ɰŷЦ¶Լò
Ȼ֮ǰɱ֮䣬㲻ϤҲйһ㽻飬ɱˣŷ绹ǺЩøеġ
㣬ŷ硣ŷʱɱ¶ϲɫ
ףΪʲôԷҪԼԭǺ͹ŷйϵ


1011 ߵ
δû뵽Ͻɱ֣νԵŷЦ˵һˣǺܸˡ
ŷĻɱ뵽ԼղŵľȣЩ˼
Ҳû뵽˵ʱҾȻôǱɱЦ
磬һ·޵УȻйŷı̬ɱҲǿļ
Ϊ߽ףǸʱǿ˺ܶ࣬ɱȴԽԽԼС
ɱֲҪ⣬Ҫ֪¸ڶ࣬ǿ߱˭Ҳ˵Լ޵УҶԷߣٮٮߣ˳ɱ㣬ܵסѾѵˡŷ˵
ɱʵǿˣϽЩ콾
߽׵ʵ춼Ҫǿһ㣬ôﵽ߾磬ֻҪǰһС㣬ɱܹͱŷɱ̫ˡ
츳ƵǾˡ
⵹ҲǣҪлλǰȡɱһߵİ׷ĵл
׷̺ǺһЦװ±ƣȴŷ㣬Ц˵㲻øлȫΪҵԭмҺˡ
ŷĻ׷̵ıӶһˡŹŷ磬û˵Тͽܣһ㹦ͶҪʦġ
ʦɱЩȡ
֪ŷǼѧԨԴûʦġ
ŷƲƲ죬Ҳ֪ƭӣͽܣΪҲ򲻹ûа취ֻˡ
˵ŷЩƣ޿ιĸоǲˬ
ŷ˵Լ򲻹׷̣ɱɫһ࣬ϽѾһʱˣҲ˵ŷ֪ŷʵǿնɱ߾콾
ڹŷ羹Ȼ˵Լǰ׷̵Ķ֣˵Ϊеˡ
ǰʲôΪѵϹŴ񡣡ɱЩȵʵ
˵ǻߣ𣿡׷һװƵӣ˫֣˵
ɱһˣ̲סʵʲô
װƵİ׷̣һ㱻ԼĿˮǺסɱһﾹȻ֪ʲô
ŷҲһ£Ц
˵ŷлѪǷͻйأɱ񲻽⣬ѯʡ
Ĳ֪ʵϺܶ˵Ѫȴ֪ߣǷǳ顣ϾߵĴڣڵ˵ʵ̫ңԶˡ
Ͻһħذħʿ˵Ҳֻһ˵
ǿĴڡ
޵Уײã棬һƽǿߣſܳߣ֮ϣȴԶԶԽľ硣׷ɫȻͻߵĴڡ
ɱ̲סһ߾Ȼ֮ϵľ磬δ˵
һǧ꣬ܳһ߾ͲˣΪĳЩԭ򣬰ٷ֮ʮĻߣ䣬׷³һ
ʲôŷ綼ɴ۾
ûʲôþȵģڲǻ䣬һܳܶΪ𲻾ãĪ׷˵
ʲôԸ⣿ŷѯʡ
졭
׷̻û˵꣬üȴͻȻѿһѪʳ˵Ϣ˲˥˾Ų㡣
Ǵŷɫһ
ղŰ׷Ҫ˵Ĵ𰸣ȴǴŷףνߺ飬Ǻйϵ
˵˵á׷Ҳ¡Ѫ𶯣Ȼ˲޸ϵ˺ùŷ羪ȡ
ҪԳ֣ΰ׷̣û뵽˺ǶӰ첢Ǻܴһ׷ֻ㽫Ǵˡ
ŷ׷̵ˣԷԲ򵥣ܿܲһߡ
ŷȴʲôû˵ӶԷϣܲ⣬Ұ׷̻͸һս£ȻѹģǺںֱ֮˺ü
ڵĹŷ磬ܹϹŴֱӲԷҲ̫ܶ˺ȻЩͨͲһˣŷ绹ǲȫߵġ
ɱһĿɿڴȻ֪Ѿй©һһô򵥣ԲŻܵǴ
ԺСӲҪһЩʵ⣬ҴͣЩ˵ʱʦҾҲҪˡ׷ЩƵŷ˵
˲źã徻һ㣬ٴθ㣬㲻ҵʦҲͽܣҸûʦڰ׷ԳԼʦŷЩͷۣô˵Է϶һһ㶼ıġ
Ȼһָߣȫ֤Ҳʵ̫ˡ
ԺΪҵͽܵģˣһߣͽѵԸ⣿׷Це˵ûΪŷĻ
Ǿ͵Ļ˵ŷЩ˵
ǾĿԴɡ׷̴Ц


1012 ɱ
֪ΪɶŷͻȻһֲõԤУǱǰϼһһʶһ㣬ŷ𾪣ѵ϶һ߲ɣ
ŷĴһ׷̣ҡҡͷŲֿء
㲻ҪңȻʦҲϲˡ׷̱ŷЩһ̲ס˱˵
ʵϲˣرζˣǰˬһ¡ŷ׷̵ݳצӡ
̬׷̲ҽУĽŷָ򿪣Ȼһʧ
ŷźٺһЦûз֣ԼԵɱ񣬼ŷЦɱһ
ֵɱ̲ס˵
ôˣŷЩȡ
ɱ˵֪к֪ܶʵԯ۷սǧҪΪһʱ벻ŤϲãЩˡ
˵̣Լŷȴ˾裬ʱһ
ŷһ㶣˼ɱʲô˼ݺݵĵɱһۣû˵ʲôأҶûȤ
ǾͺáɱһղŻ룬ǹŷԼǿĻԼ֮£벻Ķ֣ҲԼҪˡ
ùŷ֪뷨϶һƳѾģ˵ûһȤˡ
ˣɺãΪˡŷ˵ɱ˵ĲᣬԪܵһ˺ԴǱˣƣǲָĻպв
㲻ôɣɱʵǲܶԹŷ̫ġŷЦãһ涼ʲôԼôһͬ
ŷһЦҪǲȥҲұ֤᲻Щʲô᲻ˡ
ڹŷвȵУɱһӣֱˡ
˫ۣһҪʲôӣùŷЦãļһȻһء
ŷ֪ڲЩʱɫ֣˫תʩչԼҽΪɱˡ
ʥϢȣɱɫڵһʱתˡ
žȫǹŷģûɱڡ
ɱпϲֱӿʼԼĹЩʼˡ
ŷӦɱĶ⣬Ǽ̫֮֮ʱҽȫǰְҵΪһЩ飬ҽУȫû䣬Ż䵽һز
ʵϹŷҽְҵȫһԷٶȣϺüУŷΪҽҲһҲŶԷ򣬸ŶԷġ
̫ʱڣҽǿߣǲڵǿߴܡ
ɱڸԭϢҲڿ׳Ӵؾȴû˵ע⡣
ʱǣǿʵ̫ˣܶǿߵܹóȻ̽ȥ˶ԷܻһѪս
˭Ҳһ֣ǰŶҲһһ˲ˣʵǷǳµġ
ûκǣң򲻹ܣһǵˣǰ˵ĴŶӣ¶ùҪҹţԷ᲻Լչ͵Ϯ
ԹŷǸûбֵΣգЩѰɱˣʱҲûע
ΪɾһʱŪ󣬶ʱ֪ŷ֣ڲͬġ
Ҳʮӵʱ䣬ɱڵȫתشıԴѾȫָˡȵŹ˷ɣȻ֪ŷһҽңȴû뵽ŷҽȻһز
ҽͨڵҽ¹ûܹˡɱ̾
ˣҼﻹһЩϹҵĸףѾﵽ磬ǵҽֻ֮ϡŷЦ˵
ɱ̾ȻΪҽҵˣһΪŷҽǼߵģϾҲŷĴԣΪβһϹŴ񣬴Ե
ŷ˼ǹżҽģˣˡ
ʵҽָߵͣҺͳĲֻ࣬ΪϵĲ࣬ҵĹżʼ棬ΪӦ磬¾ǻϵĲ֢ܹκáŷЦ˵
ⲢҫҲǿֻǳһʵŷԼһЩȥӡ֤Լĳ׵óһС
żȫ˽ܡɱֻ˵һ䡣
̸۵ֱ֮飬ʵݵЩˣɱЩꡣ
Щ˶֮ʣѾҪɳ˫³޵е̬֮Ѿһ·ˡɱ̾


1013 
ɱעѪЩ˶磬ʱʵ̫Σܹɱ档
˾̾ʶݵĿ¡
Ҫ֪ǺܶˣʵǴһѡģĵһˣܹһΧڵ޵С
Щھݵˣһ֮ĶѾΪˣǿģҪ޵С
ѪڹŷеǿߣѾ߽ף˵ָɱһ߰˽׵ǿߣ硣
Щѵ飬ŷЦο
ҲûûΣգһЩʵǣζ˲һ䡣ϢУ̤磬ɱһ󲨸֣ЩҪԴСļһϢġ
ࡣ
Ϥ֣ŷ΢΢ЩһתۣѾȥ˶ˡϽӣƶݣֻǶ˵ģʵ϶ڷ˵Ѿȥķ֮һ
ʮ굯ָ䣬˿κգ˭ʣ˼Ͻѣơ
ôˣɱеľ쵽˹ŷ
һЩ鰮Ķ̫ܹоŷڵЩ䡣
ˡŷЩƵ˵
Ҫ˿ŷӣ϶鶼ɳһǿƵĸ콾Ȼ˵Լˣ콾ǵ
Һǲһʵұûִ̫ţ֮һֱڵĵزֻҪԼǣһȫƽǲ뿪ǵĻĲ뿪ŷЦ
ɱȻһ֪ŷûֵ۷ĸ飬ֻҪΪԼӣһȫĶ
Ը˵󲻴󣬵ҲԲСֻ£¾δظ˵Ļ
ΪøʵƳøɱ̾
֪ʲô˼е㲻ˬŷɫڣøԼЦá
ʼ磬ɱ񲢲⡣
֪պǲǽ죬໥ӡ֤һԼĵջɱѵ¶һĨ΢ЦȻ⡣
ΪѾﵽ߽׵ļޣʱܹͻơ
ɱȴûͻƣѹƣҪԼһСߵޣŻѡͻΪ
Ҳɱǿԭʵɱ񲢷ʲôʣȴߵһȻߵ·йϵ
˸ͷ棬뿪סǽڳߣҪѰеһЩˡǵˣԽԽˣи̤նɢǿϢ춯ء
Ҳ˼Ԧսգ񷶼ˣޱߣڿգ߾ޣһоһ죬н䣬ܶɫηǸ죬ͷˡ
˵УŷõһϢצһĴ̫Ӱ죬ͷˡ
߳죬ͷʥϢһЩΪʿһ
ŷɱһۣԷеľȣʵɲ⣬¾ϹŴ񣬶δĶ֡
һ̣ŷ˵ۣ֤ʵԼĲ²⡣
죬ɱϹŴΪѾﵽ˸ߵļ£һιΪսнϹŴ񾳽ġ
ͽˣڻĶ֡׷̲֪ʲôʱ֣ĹŷļЩο˵
ŷֱӽצŵû˵ҵȻ֪ڲĶ֣Ҳû˵Ҫͻ
׷ҡͷ콾ս֮ûνĲͻڵŶӣҶǵˣҪҪ˴սǻܣΪǿܹٷ֮һٵı֤Լ
أŷŹֵĿ˰׷һۣûв´Ļ׷òƲμʮαһεıδ׷ʤ
ȻǴӮ˲ŻֻҶеĶ̫ȤԾûҪûҪͷ׷̵˵ǲģŷǾ޴ӵ֪ˡ
Ͱ׷̲μӹͬ콾Ĵڣܹ֪һС
Ǹʲôɱʵ
һʵǿۣԾûҪøڶǸɵñˡ׷ν˵
ŷһҪһȻҪ̫˷ˣ̫ɳˡ
Ҫң㲻ʲôеǸǱȽ˼ҿĲĻӦħȻѵϲģȴˣֻҪһӡ⿪ܹħϷɡ׷Ƶ˵
ƽʱħ˵ɷϲģѾˣʱûһֱԳĬԴ


1014 
ƣôˣ˵ɷϲģôһ㶼⣿ŷħѯʡ
֮ħŻػг˾ηϼһҼȴԶԶĤݹ
˻һŷһ
ȴĤݹˣôܣ
϶Ǹˡŷ粻ŵ˵
ûȴĤݶԷձһ飬̺޾ħħն˵
Ǹʱȴʲô磿ŷͻȻʶһ⡣
ǸʱȴΪǿҲֻ˵ͷӴڵʱԶ˵Ǹ֡
۷壬ذħħش
ŷһ۷Ĥݣ׷̵ʲôӵݣЩڸ𺳵ŶԷ
Ȼ²⵽˰׷̲򵥣ǹŷȴҲû뵽ȻпǴ˵еġʡϵĴڡ
ŷԺ˵߲ܳ磬׷Ϊʲôơ
ǻʣȻ˲²⣬ǹŷ绹̲סһ䡣
ħشһȴڹŷļ𣺡Щ˵ĻòҪ˵⻰Ȼƽȴ˾档
ħֱӱˣһȴҪĤݵĴڣȻûʲô
ͷӣǻʣŷͻȻڣɱһЩŵŰ׷̡
лֻиߵΪ𣿡˹ŷһۣ׷ûʵ
֪ΪҲ֪ʵʲôŷ˵
ʲǶ׷ʶ
ŷЦŵͷʲǶ
һ䣬һͻأĳ֣ͷϣֱӽŷһ⽹ۣڳ鴤ɴ˿ɼ׵Ƕ
ŷֻһͨѾ˼ٴ˶˵
վڹŷߵɱȴһ鶼ûУûܵ
Ǹ˱ˡǾ
ǰǻˣ춼̲סˡ
һȺ˾̾۷׷ףѪ𶯣ŷ޸ϵ˺Ű׷̣ǰ׷ʩչ׵磬콵ס
һλֻܵصĳϣʥ񣬲ǸˣȻҪܵǴ׷˵
ŷɫڣŭŰ׷̣ҧгݵΪʲôû£
ղŲ˵ǻ𣿻ô¡׷һǰ׳յı飬һùŷץ
ŷָЦݣʦͽԷ
û˵ҪΪͽ׷ɫƽʱȫһ˵ģùŷаҧһݱ¶֮󣬾Ȼˡ
ŷԼ֮ǰľܾҲоƣϸҪʦԷҪˡ
ǰôɱͻȻڡ
ãһģŷЦá
ˣɱĵԼߣҲʺϣŷԵΪҵͽܡ׷̿ڣùŷϲ
Ȼһϲ˵ˣһʦǿȫһˣٵ˺ܶࡣ
㲻øô磬ǳΪҵĵӣҲܸЩʲôһҪ׷Це˵
ŷһͻȻһֺܲԤС
Ȼ׷Це˵ӦҲܹܵ岻Ÿ߾磬ĻߣʵҵϽУǱѹˣһֱҲ·Ҫ㽫ҾȻ
ʲôŷɴ۾֪˲ôռġ
һ߱ѹˣҪȳôףŷֱҪͷߡɥƵ˵ⲻǿ𣿡
ȻҲԷأҵЩѣҲΪҵͽܶʲôչˣЩȻˣӦҲһСɣ޸ôһҲǶˮƽҲ⡣׷Це˵
ŷ۾һһס׷̣Ц˵ʦʦͽȥȾȥɣģʵ㹻֮һġ
ͨˣ׷Цеʡ
ŷͷЦʱǻûͨĻˡ
ͨ˾ͺãǺȾȥ׷̴Ц
ɱ񱻾ܾҲûƣ֪£Լ׼ģԷȻԸΪͽͿ϶жԷԭǿǲеġ
뿪ǰ¥
ŷѯʰ׷ŵʱȴ֪ķѾڹŷˡ
ʲôŷ羪ȵʵ
Ǹ»ߣĴʦ֡׷̵ɫ΢΢Щ
ŷ𶯣Ȱ׷֪»ߺ췢飬ȴȰ»ߵݣȻǰ׷̵ͽܣҲֲ̫ˡ
һͽܣǻߣֲȴĤݣһڰϸʱǿߡ


1015 
ŷͻȻϣĩվоһ׺ǿߣݺ֮䣬ڤǲ˼ĴڣδĨɱǱˡ
һӡ֤ŷ̲סһ˾Ȼ޵еĻʡ
գȰһºֻ֣̫ˣԸսҲˣձĨɱ׷̾Ϣ
ܸ𣿡ŷѯʡ
ԡ
׷ͻȻ˵ŷһ
˵»߻ܸգŷЩȣȴ⡣Ҫһߣִ۾Դ졣
ôգŷ档
㡣
׷ָŹŷ磬һĲӡ
ŷһϽ֣ʦʲôôûеõأȴҪ£ҶǴ˵飬㲻ҪЦ˺òá
ŷЩƣݰ׷ΪʦŷΪﵽǸ֮󣬿ȥȳ׷̣ҪһߣŷоЩˡ
Ȼɵӣ飬ԲǺģǡ
ûпЦҽͨ񣬵ﵽ磬ԳԸʦ֣ҪܶϣҲҪռ׷˵
ӣݹŷ練ͽ˹ŷϡ
ʲôϣŷʵ
ʮβͬĻߵͷѪѪʵĹǣʵ˫ǣ׻ʵĵ
ŷɴ۾һ
ʮȫǻϵ⣬ҷǳ󣬹ŷҵЩߣȥѰЩǹƻһʱ佫ŷˡ
ߵͷѪ뱾Դһʣµλ޻ʵЩǲ˵ˣѵŷǿʵѪ˷ʵȫҹ̸
˵ŷȻһλ޵еĻҲ
ɱҰɡŷƵ˵ĳ嶯İͷӵ˵ȥռڵˡ
ߵϣôðŷԼҪЩҪʱЩ˻Լ
ȻȴҲżԺ֪ˡ׷Це˵
ɱһ߲ԲʵѾ˵ĶԻˣǣߣ֪β廰ֻһš
ŷüصϼһҲˣõЩѾˡ
죬һսһ˶һ
ҽĿȥһӢֻ꣬ƤЩ죬Ƭһȼϸ壬עĻͿ
̫ӡ˾ϳݡ
һ̫ӣʵֳ֮ϣŷЩ⣬û뵽Ȼս졣
Ҫ֪Žƣһƺﷴļ󡣲˵ģһ̫ƹŷ磬̫ư죬һ֤ݡ
ûг֣Ͼĵġ
֮ڣ˽ҷ壬ҲԸ֡쿪ڣȴ񷣬˶ܹ
ȻΪսǴʱףǰ첻սΪ֮У׼˽
ǺǣЩһ壬ʲôʱһ壬ҾһģһĻߡЦԼս
һ壬ֺʱԼ壬ֳȥ󽫵ķԷɱңѵΪû˸һ𣿡Į𣬴һɱ⡣
صľŽᣬһѾò֮˲ˡצеĻ壬巢ҡ
һѣǾȻĽѽ󽫵ˣǿЦһ壬ǿˡЦ˵
Ϊ㲻˵յϵУԲŷ֣ǹˣһ˵
ĻЦм˵һѪ콾ѣѵǻΪܹΪߣھͿʼȣǿЦν߰צһ塣
ɫÿΪеĻ壬ƽʱЩȺĳϺ峤ʱ򣬶Ҫ˵צһ򣬷ǡ
һ裬ðվ
ʱҪΪԼΪġĮ˵
ֻ˵ʵѣѵ߳ŭˣȻ˾һսơ
֪쿪ڡ
һһ̤񷣬ÿһ£ضŰĲǧ裬֮ϣһƬشơ
ɫŹʵԵĹھͬȴû뵽Ȼǿһز


1016 Զ
ŰĽŲͣĺˣɫ죬϶ˮʪˡ
˺Ȼ˼Ű죬һǾԵ콾ҿ޵У֮һ·ɨûе֣԰죬Ȼƶס
ֲ࣬е̫ˡ
вɱϹŴսڿ벻飬ʵľ磬ӦͻƵϹŴ񾳽磬㾹ȻһֱѹƣΪǸеĻԵ۾
첻գһһǰУƵԡѪ˵嶼ڹѡ˺Ȼһʲôƣδ֣㽫ǿ߱ȳˣʵˡ
ϹŴҲʵδ֣ش
̾
ԡѪеսȴ
㻹һսĮ˵
һɴϣ˸оͷһ̲סͷ
֮ףϰеĻ壬Ͼ͸ӿֲˡֱòв̲סȥ
ȻҪһսԽǿֻеս⡣Ц
Ű죬ս졣
ɵƣŷаǰĶ֣ڻҪͶԷһսҳ顣
Ϊùŷǳ
ҵڴܹҾȵʵ쵭˵
ԸЦڴʱһӰûУϢ˲ֱӿԿϢ
ŷһܵǹϤϢյϢ
յйϵжϡ
ղǸǡӣԭӡһ̾ȴòëȻ
յȻͬһˣǵӣһ֣ں϶ΪһսѾԺͰˡ
һսŰ죬ս졣
ͷʱԺһս˵ʵ¡
ҲͰֵдһ¡һͷ󲻹Сȴͨɣɢʥİ׹⡣
ڳУһΣһɫս׵ӣǷǳӢǷǳӢ䣬԰Ȼ˿·硣
ףҲһţѯʡ
ϲֵܲİɡ״Ц
в˰޳ܣӣ˴սһˣΪ˲ݡ
˼Ȼһ㶼ԣ˶ף˶ʲôö⡣쵭˵
ǾˣˣȻһ㶼⣬ɫȻ
˶ľѵаգܹˡҪ֪׺޵е֣ϹŴҪ䡣
ǿҲܳԽϹŴ
һҰɡ֣վڰĶ档
ǿߣҪս죬ȻҲ̲סɫ΢䡣
Ŀ˵ʲô˼
ûйϵֻλʵ̫ˣҪҺһս㲻ý⣬ͬҲ󡣡ڡ
ɫĮڳ콾٣Ը߰ѣ£бԸְˣϾҪԵǿߣ˭Ҳ֪ûʲô֡
ھɵӶܹǹģר԰졣
ô޳ܣ㸸ĸ֪𣿡ͻȻڡ
мһЦԷķ̡Ȼпŭ𣬵һѾҵһɽǸɽһоģȻҲ㹻ĵ
ɸһսʡ
Ǹղ˵ĻֻᱻɣǴʱȴԵ÷ǳЦԼΧ˼һˣȴʶԷɸһսֱ̫Цˡ
ս

δˣɢһţȻ֣ҲûӱܵͷҪ֮һս
ԶԣǾԵЩˡ
Ҳκһ¡һڼ˶ŵĳһӰ
˶һ㶣˴ҶϤһİףû֪˲ǱˣǸͷĹŷ磬ʵǿȥЩ˵ΪҸղŰݣһάŷȻԸ䵽Χĵز
ɱһҲȥȴ׷һס
ǰסʲôɱЩ
׷Դһ£˵Ҫȥʲô
ŷֵܴܡɱȻ˵
׷̵һۣҿ㲻ȥŷ磬ȥЩ˵սҲܹȥģ֪ǶгɻʵǱһǿ˽ܡ
ҲɱüΪˣƲƲ죬׷ָָһ֮ڣܹҿ㻹ʵĴɣҪȥ


1017 ֶ
ɱ΢΢̾ϢȻвҲ֪׷̲ƭ˵ʵɱʵȻǿΪ콾֮棬ǲ̫ˡ
վǰ׷µĶŹŷ硣
Ǻˣɫм
Ӣۺܡŷ絭˵ÿ֪ݣ»̱Ȼ͹ŷ
һοʵ̫ԩˣԷŴͨһƢûУһ䡣
ڷС֮ˣЦɱ˸ŷһЦ¶һڰԼˣҲͲ˵ˣȻ֪ԼС֮ǾͲҪۣϽؼҳȥɡ
˻һڽԻȻ콾֮˵ģǺټ
ͨ죬޲һ˹ŷ硣
λֵ첻ʶһ㣬Ҫ쿪ڣȰŷ硣
̬ȺܺãȫûǵĮͲмǺºͣһǫǫӡ
ڲʶˣҿԶ٣һѣȫʰˣȸֱɿ鼦Ǹ˵ȫô϶ԵģҲܳԣϾҺ֮ЩԨԴǳˣԺҵ鷳ŷЦ˵
Ļ˴۾һﲻҪɱ˿ǣȻ뿾ǣʵ̫ţˡ
á
ҵϣ쾹ȻӦŷҪĿˣȻ˵ְɣ
һûκΰգǶ˹ŷһ֣ʮˡܹоŷĲǵǿ콾֮һ
ɫصĶһۣȻ֡
ɱŷ磬׺Χ죬жڹŷ绹Ƿǳߺ޵ġΧһȴľ档ǲڶʱڽŷǶд鷳
ɫ𣬻ŷ¡
ֺգӲһƬ⣬ǹŷǰĹ뱩¶ݣʩչ
䡣
ͬʱˣͫһ֣оŷսԲԼǿֲһԿĸо
һһ磬һҶһᣬշŷ˫ֺʮ貣һ罫С
ݺɫˢɵֱӱշȻɱ
µ£ΨҶ𡣡ŷһָ죬һָأ˲仯һȻĳһǷƣÿܵ޴ѹ
ŷңԼҺǰѧ޷ڵľ߶ȫĴֲͨˡ
ʲôȸŭܵ쳣ĳ
ǿޱȣϹŷ޵еԵѹ·磬˳޷
ʵϣϽǲʶҵͨġҪ֪ҵǿߣҲĲᣬʱߣδϽ磬Ȼ֪ŵĴڡ
Ƿ𣬿ȸŷʣʨӺأҪǿжȻͷȸ
ĲпȸŷЧĲᣬֻǾŷжûף֪᲻Ч
ϾԵģһпܱĲᶼҪǿĶļһҲûá
΢΢Щ㯣˫ֺʮȻһȥ
һ
һ𣬶ʱѹʶʲô飬Լһ㱻˶ȻˣΪ˵ͽŭӣŷг˿ֲɱ
ŭһͷʿȸӴ強ѹ񷣬ȸչ죬ŷɱ
ɫһ㣬ֱӹŷڵĿռûҪݻһС
ɽŷ籦ׯϣɽȴ˶Էһػ
ǿŷ˿岻ٲ࣬գȻǿδ
ҷ𡣡ŷٴδȡ
һûбƣʵǿ׼ϹŴ񣬶ǿ
ŷҲǿͻȻϢһתƵǵһɫ
ŭЩڲȻǿֲ֮Щ
ŷɱȥˢ⣬أҪŷС
ڴʱŷٴαˣս˺أɵ嵽ǰȻһȭ
ɫ˫ָ񵲣ȴŷһȭ飬Ѫɡ˶𾪣˭Ҳû뵽֪ǿߣȻ˾Ե·磬ѹơ
Ǳߣڼյɱ֮ʱ˸죬һ߹ɱ졣
콾սǳÿһȫ


1018 սʤ
ǻˣʱѾˡȻϹŴ񣬶ס콾ֺɱ
ֵһزѾˡ
𡣡
һ𶯣һצգӲӣʥϢȻ󸩳
Ǻ飬޹⣬צҪһпռ䡣
׻һͷͨͬɵİ󣬸ߴʮɣצӲһĨѪ䣬˻𣬻κɳȥ
ͬʱ֣һƽɣѪ챻еһ˲䣬˫ֻʩչһͬˡ
ʵ̫ˣѪǷɽԵ쳣
ŷɫһȻܵΣգȥ챻ɱĿ󡣹ŷչ˿µĹƣֱɱ̺ڼУڲ࣬ɱѪ䡣
ɫʣȴ岻ȥŷѹƣһХݺȴһôûУ޷̡
һȺǿ߳ҪսС
ڴʱһȺ˳˳סȺǿߡ
ԶپͰˣ˾ȻҪһϣǻҪһ꣬ɫмסЩˡ
ԪӣԪ涼Ѿʧˣ㻹˲ѵ֮𣿡ʡ
ߣҼδʱ½ͳˣȵ֮ʱǶҪùǾÿϽͳҲǳ֣ȵ֮Ļ˭к³ԪӾȻǻԪϽĵͳˣʱ˵ǳ
ŷȻףǻԪδʸ˵ֻ
ǰŷΪ̫ǳʶ֪ԪӵѾףԪӵʵ磬ʵִҪһɣǲĴУ򣬿¶к³
ԪӵĻɫࡣ
ݺݵĵԪһۣȻһھѪžѪʩչһǿŷ֮תߡ
ЩӿˣϽȥ
л
ŷ繰֣Ԫӵл
û£ҲֻǿǵΪˣ˲ϲԪӴЦһֺùŷøд
Ȳ˵ˣȥŷЦ˵Ȼսš
׽սһһֵİ죬ڷӳǿսǿȻסʮУֱӴɣ˲һˡ
βԣҲϽߡ
ͨɱҲûȫ׻ɱ¶һĨʧɫҪ֪ˣһΪУǳ׻ɱԷŶԣһߣһǳˬ飬ܻд鷳
ҲףļһɱһҪߣǺġں͹ŷİףʱѾˡ
ŷ糹׵ĲסҪߣʮѡ
Χ˹ɫ䣬ŷֱ֣ѹס
ΪʲôɱˣŷЩɻ
ϰߣֵˣ϶ҪɱˡĻһԷߣǳ鷳ѾעǵˣûбҪ顣
˱ʱһὫˡ쵭˵
ŷһ㶣ЩĿ˰һۣһҲԲһʡ͵ĵơϽһأ콾ˣ粻ܸ
콾ϣ׷ŵȻٻɱȻǰһҲ˵ʲô
ڰ׺½֮Ĺϵŷùˣ֪ԷĹϵòȥϽ˶һְܿеˣǲء
лѳŷ繰֣л
лʵҲûаʲôæһ˺һȺ˴򣬾ǴӮҲӵġŷЦ˵
һ˵ʵ԰ʵӮԷȴһⶼûС
ŷĻҡͷȻߣҲҪǳ޴ĴۣԻҪл֣°죬֪ôƺ
ŷ翴Χһۣԥһ£촫ҽйŷ磬Ӧ֪ҵݡ
㡣
쾪ȣ׹ŷΪʲôҪԼˡ
Լŷ統ˣǹŷԼĻرͬʱԹŷ̬ȣʱ
ձ֣Ҫһø촫
䲻Сһ콾צһеıһ㶼ȽϸߣԲŵ˹ŷһһӱˡ
ŷǺЦδ
ǹɷȻı㣬Ȼûʲô÷ġ
ҪлԪӵѣ֣ǿҲҪΣˡŷЦ˵
ԪӺкøУԷһֺһķǡ
˵˲лңֻǿЩ˵ΪˡԪӰ֣쳣
һҪлģλѽǵѣͣ顣Ц˵
á
á
ŷԪȻӦ


1019 ʵ˰׷
ŷ罫׷̺ɱ֮ŷ纰׷ΪʦԪӶЩ㶡
Ԫְ׷̾Ȼһͽܣ֣ŷʲôʱȻͰ׷̻һ𣬶һΪ׷̵ͽˡ
ΪצһĴˣȻ˵׷ˣأҲμ˲ʮεϽ콾һζȫˡ
һˣ͸ءȻˣŷ˰׷̵ͽܣðЩԽܡ
ôˣѵ˼Ҳʦ׷ɫЩÿ
Ȼں˵۹⣬ǱᣬҲЩˬˡ
ôᣬֻЩֶѣ׷ǰ컯յΪͽȻǵֵĸֻǲ֪ǰʲôʱյͽǾȻδ˵λ֡Ԫ˵
ŷУһ˿档
ŷû˵ԼݣԪӾûʣŷҪ˵Լݣ϶˵ģóȻѯʣЩˡ
յͽܡ׷̺ʵ˵
ԪӲһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסǲ˼Źŷ磬һ콾ôͱ׷̸ƭء
Ҫ֪׷ȻأʵҲڸ߾ѡ
ܹʦΪʦҵҡŷЦ˵һҵı飬⵹װģҪ֪׷̿һߣһΪʦȻίŷ硣
ȻߣֻǷ٣廹ڱѹС
С˵˰ɣҸǣСӰΪʦ˰˱ӵĵˡ׷Щ˵
ԪǶ֪˵һЩʲôˡ
жڰ׷̵ĻЩмҪ֪ԹŷıǰһΪʦû׷ֻһߣ֪ʲôֶƭ˹ŷ磬ǶΪֵ
ԪӶڿǣǲԼ֣׷̽ѵһ٣ʱŷܹһĿܹƭˡ
ôԪûж֣򱻽ѵ˾Բ׷̣Լ
һߵķȻֻиߵľ磬ʩչֶΣҲǼΪ˵ģٹŷڰ׷ǰǺ޻֮
ԪӵʵȻǿҲͺڵĹŷܻ࣬Ҫ΢һ㣬Ȼǰ׷̵Ķ֡
ǲûɣҲþȣʦһ֡ŷ˵
ȵԺ׷̵ݽʱЩ˿¾ͻĴһˣһʦȻǷҲ㹻ˡ
һѡ񣬿¶ԥʦ׷̵˼̳һߣ͸Ӿˡ
׷ǰز¶ˡЦ˵е㲻ÿɷ
Ԫӣһ㶼šŲð׷ʲôأһƭӡ׷̺ܲˬͻȻһץסˣȻ˲ʧ
ŷǶ֪׷ȥһǻˡԪ׷̵񳹵׵ıˣǾηд𾪵
ŷԼܹϻһûгɢ͵Ц֪ϼһﵽʲôȻܲˬ˶ԼӣԲų֣ǽѵһ١
¾ǰ춼û뵽ʵͬУȻܹ֡
ʵˡɱֹһ
ɫһ죬ֹʵˣֱ˹Ա
ʱҲ֪׷̾Բһô򵥣ǹŷϵƭˣû۹⡣
׷̣ȻΪֻиߣȴһָоʮԼһսδǶ֡
ֲð׷ô콾ôΣȻһ鶼ûУʵǿϹŴҲһս֮Ȼ¡
ʵͽܵΪ˽ף磬ΨһĿĿǴңĻҲ⽫˵𡣡׷˵仰һùŷǺסˡ
ŴͣŰ׷̣Լǲˣܰ׷̣ʲôЦ˵Ǹߣ񾳽ΪлߵľţҲܷӳֲʵȻŷΪﵽ˸ߣҲδܹսܰ׷̣˵һսܲ˶Է
ʦ㲻ŷҽС
ֵԪֻˣ̲סЦ
ΪʦΨһҪ󣬵Ĵʦ֣ҲһأղŻõĳɾͣ㲻ܱʦֲ׷ɫࡣ
ŷһǸ»ߣͨ˰׷̵Ŀ𣿹ֲ˾ޣ׷̳ʱǿ֮һ
ܹ飬ԼȻܹ뵽ŷɫͷͬˡ
׷ЦˣڰǣеɵۣڿһĿŹŷ磬ͻȻԪӻһ𣬲˼ľ˽ף


1020 õһ
ҾŷЦ
֪ԪӲ³Լݣŷûκ⣬Ҳġ˵а׷ԪӵΪˣѾˡ
Թŷ粻⽫Լ͸¶ŶԷʲôõ뷨
ȻԪֻһ£Ȼ̲סЦ˳Ц˵ֲôȻǸһȻ鴫
ǰ˽ףʵȥȻ𡣡Ҳڡ
ֻļһܹΪҵͽܡ׷̰Ȼ˵
ڰͻԪӣڴţˣղ˼ʶ˰׷̵ʵ֪ɲ⡣
Ȼڸ߾磬ϹŴ񶼾Բĵ֡
һֲļһȫʸ˵ֻŷѪٱ׷̵̽ԺΪʲôӵı̬е㲻
Ⱦƣ˵Щŷٱ
ôˣʵ֪˵ЩʲôǸ˵ӣҲٱһ˵ӡ
콾ôŷʵ
֪ŷĿϾ콾ֱȻԼûаաϽʵ̫ˣδؾûбǿĴڡ
˵ҵͽܿ϶ǵһˡ׷̺ٺЦ
׷̵Ļ˶̲סһۣҸоãҲֱ˵Լͽһܹõһ
ŷҲǿЦãԼûģû뵽׷̵ıҪ㡣
Ҫ˭Һͽһֱ׷޳ܵ˵
ȻʧЦĻŷǱȻõһа׷̳֣˭ܹס
ԪӶһۣ֪׷ػǶһԵˡ
ʦ˵ʲôأֻҪҵİȫͿˣһʵνŷ˵
ȻҲõһǲַ
ǰ׷̳֣ˣһ嶼ûС
Сӣʶôˣù㡣׷̰˹ŷһۣղҲ˵˵ѡʵϰ׷̲顣
ŷٺһЦ˵ǲõģҲ޳ܵġ
ղҲ˵ɫ֪ʲô
ʵϰ׷ǰǳ֣˵Ҳδزһ£ʱеѶɱĵ˶ǾһˣʹòһҲνġԪӴЦ˵
ͬҲڡ
ɱĿɿڴ˿ƹ䣬ʵҲһӻˮȻһ⡣ǰ׷ĽЩ˶ɱˣϽ綼ҡ
һۣ׷û˵ҪԼĵˣԼȥҪָ˼һ֣ҸղֻǿЦġ
׷̵ĻҲ⣬һЦ
Ȼ׷̿˹ŷһۣ㲻ҪЦסòһ˵㡣
ʲôŷɴ۾ͷڿʲôЦ
õһֱɱ˹ŷ绹أûģϽʵ̫ˣǰǿߣŷûսʤİա
ҰʱԽϹŴ񾳽磬ʱ֮Ĳ
ֻҪ߾磬δػЩˣʱ´ܲǣˣ㻹ҵĴС׷̵˵
˼ǣŷ۾һ
ϣұ㣬ʦµĶȫɡᵽԼĴͽܣ׷΢΢ЩȻ
ŷ绹ʦ֣֪λ콾ʵ
׷̿һֱۣ˵һߡ
챻ҭùǺһߣͷӻҴţơ߲Ի䣬Ϊһִ˵
׷ԼϹŴ񶼲ǣȻսеֲˣ˵ͽܣһߣѹŵġ
ŷпЦɱ֪׷˵ʵʵֻ˲ţȻҲ͡
һ糹׽뿪
ҹ䣬ŷڵԺУһɿֲϢѹ磬ǿޱȣȻԣҪⲻˡ
ƿնȴûκջϢ֮ʧȻǵʵҲ޷Ѱҵ
ڶգɱ񿴵ŷ̲֮סɴ۾ŷΪȻŽףȻû۷徳磬ȴҲˡ
һͻһײ㣬˾ȡ
Ҫ֪ŷ죬ûдﵽ˽׵۷徳أҪͻƣҪܳһʱ䡣
ߴȻ»ߣ޵ԭ¼ֻеһ֧ŷ̾ԺУ쳤Х˭һս
䣡
ǧǿߵϢŷһֱӽŵĨͣתܡ
ʲôЦû뵽Լһ𣬾Ȼôǿߡ


1021 ¾
֣糿ţһǿսеǿߣŵƨ顣ԪǵʱԪ̲סЦ˵
ɱ͵Цڹŷߡ
֣ôˣɫôôѿԪʵ
ҲɻüѵøǱǸսߴˣ˵Ǹ˼һɤӣȻ뿪ˣû˵˷
ŷߡɱ񣬱ϣʱȴЦݣ̲סЦ˳
ɱ֣ЦʲôЩ⡣
ǸƨˣʵǱˣǹŷ硣ɱЦ
˾ȣȫеĿɿڴ
ǲ˼ĶŹŷ磬ɫЩ죬ʱ֪ΪʲôŷˣԼ˵˾Ҫܿǲء
ȿȣ֣㲻Ҫ⣬Ҳǲ֪ôսȫǵǿߣԪӺʵ
ǰøҲǺ֣ʵˣŽףǿĸоͻȻ̾
ʱԪҲŷ֣ŷʵһС硣
챻ʦˣʵ˭ŷʵĿˡ
һû˵ԪȤ˵ҵҪԡ
ȥдһսŷٺЦ
Ԫӵͷͬ⣬ûдģ뿪֮Ȼ޾ǿС˶ţŷڷ⣬貣˻ʵϢԪһֹŷĲһˣʵ죬֪ǿ˶١
ɫ΢΢ЩأԪжڹŷˡʵԪӵʵȰ΢һ㣬ǾԱĹŷҪǿ
ٴԹŷʱȴһָоʱĹŷ磬лԼĿܡ
һҹ֮䣬ʵ췭ظ
ְɡŷ翪ڣԪȳ֡
ֶ貣һϵĻߣӲã档
Ԫûоܾһ֡
һɳ棬ɱ¾֮⣬Ԫɹ⣬ǻԪǿֶ֮һ
ŷɫأһȭȣХһ㣬ӿȥǿա
ǿնڶҪ飬ǿһɹ⣬ֲһŴǵĲԶȻը飬ʧС
嶼һ໥ˡ
Ԫ޼ǬԼɱԪӴԻԪݻ磬Գ棬ѹƹŷ硣
ŷĶܼ򵥣ֻ죬һȭ飬һжãڡ
ǾԵ򵥶ֱӣ쳣ֱȴǳЧþԵѹһͨ
Ԫɫأٴγ֡
Ԫɹⶴ棬·綼룬ŷնɱȥ
ֻءŷȣһȭתֱӱɹ⣬ɱȥѪޱߣԪӺɡ
޵Уһʽ¾񡣡
ŷȣһɿֲϢбǻսǰ»ߵĴС
ʩչ涼·Ҫ߸ˣǳ飬޹⣬йϵսڱţޣǻصһϵս˶
㤣¾˳ȥԪ˺ëֱʩչֶΣ˹ȥ
ԪӵըȴûѪɽıܣܹһΡ
ԪĿɿڴԼıܣֻܹܹ׻ܡ
ȻղŹŷһܹɱ
ʶһ㣬ԪӵԴֱð亹
ŷҲĿɿڴõ˻ߵĴУǰ»ߣߣΪ¾ȻԪҲܹסڿǵ͹¾ղԪӶ΢һ㣬ڿѾһˡ
죬ɱҰԪĿɿڴ˵
ŷһۣû˵֪һоȻôǿ󣬱ΪҵһЩֻǿһѣڿҵ͹ˡ
ʲôԪʵ
Ҳףŷ벻ǹģղʩչһ֮󣬹ŷԼҲԴð亹Ȼû뵽һеȻһز
¾һߵľѧŷʵ˵
ʲôԪһ㶣ðž˵ѵ׷ǰĽ̳һߣǸʦһߣ
Ȼ˻ߵϢЩԿˡ
ʵ϶ʿ˵߶ĸڷ˵ĸҪĤݵĴڡ
ʦѾ˵ˣȻΪΪʲôҪΪʦŷû˵׷̵ݣϾʵ̫ˣһȥʲôõ顣


1022 ǿһ
ԪӺٺһЦҵǾã㻹һʦܡ
ĻŷɫŹ֣Ȼҡҡͷ˵Ҫʦȥʦȥ㲻Ҫˣʦһ˵ӵĹأڸ߾磬ܲҪ
˻һԪӵɫֱӿʲôЦѾǸߣѾ۷徳硣ҲʲôʵĽˣʵȥս׷ֱ̣֪ôģ˵ܰ׷ˡ
ֱӷԼ뷨ЩƵ˵һɻʵĻᣬǰϧûʵȥá
ԼŬҲܹɻʣһҪʦġŷ˵οԪӡ
ʦˣԲôȻԪӿЦ
ǸղŲû׷ȥԪӵɫʱȴ΢΢Щȡ
Ԫӵ֣ѵˣѯʡ
ԪӵͷȻĶŹŷ磬β˵һһ̬
һʱеȤˣŷ˵øǹС
˰һۣŷٺһЦ˰ɣڿƲסֵ±ɵˡ
˻һ̲סһۡʹŷ罫ԪӴˣҲΪŷܹԼܡ
ϾŷŽףʵѾǸߣʱܹϹŴ񾳽硣Ϊ˲μ콾ʵѾͻˡ
ʵϽУڶģ֮ͬУĶ֡
һϹŴҲδܹӮ죬ϾʵϹŴս
ѣ㲻ҪڵĹŷ磬ıǶҪǿֻгΪϹŴпˡԪӿЦ˰뷨̲סѵ
쾪ȣЩš
Ҳ֪ԪûбҪ˵ѣǾ˵ŷʵһҹ֮䣬ʹﵽԽǵľ硣
ʶһ㣬ͻȻʵøǸ׷ǰյӲȻҲʶ׷˵Ļпģһߵͽܡ
Ȼģһҹ֮䣬ŷʵǵһز׷Ҳֵʦˡ
Ҳ֪ԼȥŷȻĻɲҸ׷
뵽׷̵Ǹ˱׼оͷۣΪܹͨˡ
˰׷ǰ˵Ļڸ߾磬ʵԽĻᱻɵġԪѵ
΢΢һ㶣ֱӴͷЦǼϹŴ񾳽ˣûĿռˣǳΪϹŴ
ҪڰʦҪˣԿ϶ʮԼԴӮ׷̡
ǶˣҪȻ󱻰׷ǰܾˣ˼Ҳʸ񡣡ɱһ˵˿Ц
ʵɱʣǷǳˣ߰˽ףʵǳΪߣҲͺǲࡣ
һ˽ܣ˵ɲʸϹҲֻйŷܹ׷̿ϡ
ҵϣռͽܡŷƵ뵽
뵽ԼЩͷۣ׷̵ȳҪһߣһ붼оȻĻߣҲδܹһɡ
ȻȻŷѾӦˣͿ϶ᷴڣһܹġ
¡¡
ͻȻһһѹ죬н١
һɫекɫǹ˸źâڳУȻֻˣȴеˣȫ
˭ŷʵЩ档
Էʵ̫ˣ˽٣סǧǿߣʵе˼
һǿߣһ˶Ǹߣųƺʿʵǿޱȣ̤ƽһӵĴСɫأ߹ŷһϢ
һȺߣܹɱŷЩšϾϹŴǲͬĸϽеǿߣڻ߲ǾǾԵסЩָأǷǳ飬һȺ߾ɱǡ
ǵλ죬ǿߡŷ͡
ǿߣŷ̲סһıˡҪּ֪Ի͵ɣһҲ߳ԷһԱеĲжľ
˵һ壬ֵ𣿡ŷͻȻ뵽һ˵
ͷ͵ǲ֣ǸҪǿг콾أȡе컯űˣȻġ
ĽͣŷһֻҪɱ˾ˡ
ԷǿȻ࣬ǹŷֲǶԷǷǳ⡣


1023 ֮
ͬ񽫣Ԧµȥһۡһפء
ˣȴסˣû㿪ڣһ֧޵е
һɵСŷ̾ܵ޵еķɣȻδо
һȺצѣҲ˵޵У׷ЦĲм
ŷƶ׷̵˼ǺһųԹһ
ʦһʲôŷ紫ʵ
ǲ˵ĺᡣ׷ϴЦ
ŷЦãһ˵ʦ㵱ɵֲ飬ôкᡣ
ֻܹк𣿡׷ʳһ⣬ùŷ̲סһ¡˰׷̵˼ѵ˵һ飬ľĺᡣ
ŷе㲻ţǴʱ׷ȴѾԸ˵ˡ
Ҳֻñ죬ۼһǸۡС
һѾ֣ҪˣҪ׼һ¡׷ɫء
׼ʲôŷ̲סʵ
ǾѪΪܹ׽棿׷ɫЩ졣

ŷһ㶣֪ԼѪͽ棬ʲôϵ
ҸɣѪеˣ˾һսܶ꣬һֱݵĻԻĻ׷˵
ŷһһȻǾѪĵˣȻ֪
ԺΪʲôûиңŷ粻⣬ĻԺӦû
һСһ֪ƨǸһʱ顣׷̿ڣЦ
ŷɴ۾Ѫϸʱʹˣôܣ
Щţǿ׷̵ı飬ȴòš
ֻҪ֪ҲˣѪ룬һȺߣһֱӳʼսڡ˵׷̳ױ죬üͷ˵Щˣܶ಻Ӧ˵Ļģ˵˳ֱ˰ɣ׼ҲҪʣҪᷢꡣ
ǰ׷̵ĻŷЩҪʣֱǿЦ
ڳ˺棬еҪ֪йؾѪһСŷ緢֣Լ˽Խ࣬ھѪԽǲ˽⣬⵽һʲôӵ壬أǴľˡ
ܶ飬УǴڹģվȥȻ֣㲻þᣬʱֻ֪ҪԼˡ׷߶߶ġ
֪ˡŷͷ
ǲˣϼһ߶߶ģܹ˵ĺģȻ˺
׷ĵͷٿһۣȻ뿪
ŷûи뿪ɱˣڴй䣬ЩߣԽԽľ
Щ˶ǿ½Уһ磬δܹ߳һǿߣڴʱȴԵüΪͨ
̫ǿߣһͷɣ໥ӡҲдŶӣһڣÿһ˵񣬶˲ơ
֮䶼Ǿߣ˶ǵˡȻһЩŶӣҲֻڿʼʱһջҪֿȻдս
󣬾Ų콾Ҫ
һȾѪʢ磬ֵòֵãû֪ȻЩ콾Ҳû̫ĵɡ
ȥɡŷ˵
ɱҲͷԼ״̬Ҫڽ콾֮ǰܵԼʵڵʵȻǻûеܹݺĵز
ͽܣߡŷջȥͱ׷ߣɱ񶼲ܸš
ʲôŷʵɫдһ˿⡣
ϢĶ׷˵
ŷЩ֣ʲô׷һ˻òȻҪԼһȥ
ԶʮһͷޣӰħľѪ԰еϢ׷˵
ŷһ̲סʵͷħǳ
ӰħĻȻ׷̲ùŷһȥֻð׷̶ɵĶŷ粻֪Լȥʲôã
ǷǳֻҺеϵһνһ㾫Ѫˣȥе㲻ʣȥ׷̸Ц
ŷ绳ɵĶŰ׷̣ܾ鲻ǰ׷˵򵥣᲻˼ƤȳǽҪöļһŷɡ
϶Բ֪ʲôڲ٣Ҳ᲻˼ֱ췽ҹ̷
ŷ񣬿Щˬ׷ŭСӣ㵽ȥȥҸ㣬ûħľѪҪ棬ǾԲܵġ
ǾͲȥˡŷǳȻ
ʶô콾е㲻ȥˡδܹ֤Լܹŷ绹ΪһνĵһνԼȥ
㲻ȥҾŻ׷Ц˵
ŷ磺


1024 Ӱħ׷ɱ
ǸӰħʲôͷŷʵ
֪׷̵Ļ϶ĵطŷɲһ֪Ȼ˽ȥ׷̶ɵˣԲ򵥡
ȿȣİɣֻһѵĺᣬΪǿûɱġ׷Ц˵һȻı顣
ԽŷԽ飬׷ѵĺǻߺᣬĴڣͨ
ʲôΪŷʵ
ϹŴ۷壬̫ǿѾͷʵܺ˵ģֻҪ˵ҵĵӣȰӦܹõľѪһоɡ׷Ц˵
㵽ʲôŭԹ飿Ὣ˼ҹɶ˰ɣ˼һֱ㵽ڡŷɫŹ֡
׷ֱһƳ˳ȥŷķɣû˵ûûСļһʦȥȥʲô
ðɣŷƣʦҲˡ
뵽ҾѪʵΪ˸ԼãҲƽ˲٣ٲһջûС
ǸӰħѪоɣӦòܾ
Ȼﷸֹŷ绹Ȼ̤Ǹط
һɽȣк裬һƬ˵ܰ㴫һҪĸо
ɽм䣬һɫȹŮӣȻ裬ɣ˶˵ķ飬
ŷ綼һ㱻㵹ȥ
ԡ
ŷһݣĿᶨΪŷ緢֣Լһȥ״̬ǼΪġ
ļȻΪ˶ֻҪŮȴˣȻǶֶΡ
ܹҵƣüᶨǣʲôˣȹŮͣתŷ磬һϲӣڹŷУµĳʹʱļᶨҲ̲ס¡
Է⣬ŷ絭˵ܵģƲ˵˶ء
ŷµ˺ȹŮӵݣǸӰħǶڶԷΪŷȴǳУһˣһɵ⡣
Ȼ֪˵ĿģȻܹܵǾѪеľѪҶᵱѵġȹŮоһ
ŷ粢⣬ӰħϣȻ;ѪźԨԴϤݣϡ档
Ϊŷ磬ǰȡһ㾫Ѫ콾ŷ˵
˻һӰħ۾ʱЦǸϹͽܣ
ϹŷЩɻӦԷ˵Ķǰ׷̣ŷ˵ͷ˵׷ҵʦ
ǸϹ֮ǰƭҴѪǴӦҵ飬ȴûԣδԼͽܣҲǰȡѪ㾫Ѫҵôʱ䣬ڵȵˡӰħЦŹŷ磬гɱ⡣
ŷ絰ۣϽ˵ᣬⶼһᣬҺͰ׷ûйϵ
ʦһСˣȥӰħЦŷɱȥħ죬ŷС
ħתɱӰħȣһֱɱС
ŷ羪ֱֻؿ⣬ɱɫЩŭ
ӣʦˣˣαغҹȥŷǺʵ
ߣʦǷծͽܳȻҪͿ϶֪ҲŹ㣬ȥɡӰħɱ죬ĳ԰׷̵ķŭֱƴﵽ˼ޣԹޡ
ŷƲѣٶ㿪˶Էĺɱ
׷˲ϢһӰϴһĨЦݣǱˣǰ׷̡
ӵʵ겻˲٣ѾﵽϹŴ۷ˣͽܣ϶Ķ֡׷˵ֹ
Ҫùŷ֪׷̵Ļ϶ҪԷһ٣֪Լ򲻹ӰħȥҪѪⲻǹ
ӰħԹŷ׷ɱǺʣòǿ߾ȣоֵ˵ʵȻһϹŴ񣬶Ը¶ͷȥ
˸ǿһϢϹŴ񶼸оѹ֪ϹŴ۷ǿߡ
䣡
ŷ类һ䣬һɽУ˳ŭڣ㲻Ҫ̫֣ΪӴ򲻹㣿
ŷŭˣ׷ɱôʱ䣬һֱû̫֣Էȴģŭ
ԡӰħЦ˿ŷĻ
ŷǺǿҲܹܵȴΪŷԼĶ֣һŽ׵ǿߣԼĲʵ̫ˡ
һﵽϹŴ۷ǿߣҪͻƣΪһǿڵϽ磬˵޵еġ


1025 սħ
ŷȻǿƣҪӰħҲܡ
ҵġŷԲһ۸ȴֵļһĶӰħֱӺǳͨ
ѡ
ӰħüѪһƣ˼ȻЩ𾪵˵Ŵͨһֶϻꡣ

ŷȻӰħô֪һֶϻģǴʱɫ䣬ѯʣҪͶԷһ
˭ģӰħʵɫ΢΢ЩУҪ֪һЩʲôһ
޹أɱ
ŷȣ罣ͣնȥ
񷱻룬ɣӰħն䡣
Ӱħɫٴ΢䣬罣ǹżҵľѧ
ɫƽûкˣɢһ޵еţȻֱӵָ졣
ǿĹһ˲䣬Ӱħ߽⡣Ӱħǿˣŷ˹ȥһָֻǲ񷣬ƣ޾ۣ֮Ҫŷѹ档
ְܵѹŷٴδȣ顣
ӰħϳֿµƣһѪʳԵüΪҡ
ŷҲһΪӰħӣı֡Ҫ֪ʹŴͨ߱嶼ܹ飬ȴ޷׻ٵӰħ壬ԷԱ߱涼Ҫǿ
ѪȻͬ졣Ҫ֪ŷڵΪ֮ǰѾͬնѾŽףս֪ǰ˶ٱȴȻ޷Ӱħ壬Էʵƾ춯ˡ
𡣡
ŷȳһֶϻ꣬ȳһѪ⵽ķɡ
ӰħȴҲܵش˳׷ˡתٴθԭɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȴЩ
ͨȻгһʩչδӰħгʧ䡣
ŷ粻⣬ȴҷɾ裬һǿŮˣһȻǻصġ
ʱӰħ̧ͷŹŷ磺ȻϰͨҵҪ̳ߣ׺ϸ񲻺ϸ񣿡
ŷ类ĻŪЩĪ֪˵ʲô˼
ڴʱӰħһɰϢ𶯾ʮأƵħ񷣬ǳϢв
ҪһӰħٿأ
ŷˣڷ⣬Ѫڣѹ
ǹŷδ飬Էʵ̫ǿˣƣѹ

ӰħɫĮмĶŹŷ磬Ȼı֣ǳ
ŷƿڴĳ嶯һҪΪļһѹסԼһŽ׵Ĵڣʲôø߰ġ
쳣ƣһ˿
ϵĽԽӵŨϢƵǻѪķӦʱѹƣڱˡŷһվ֮ϣƵͬһִպգɢ
ӰħЦһ⻹е˼
ŷĮӰħеİֻһ뷨ǴŮˡ
Сӷˡ
׷̶һߵУʱŷӣʱһȴΪЦ˳кϷˡ
Ҫùŷ֪׷һ߿ЦԲʦ
䡣
ŷȥϢһ֣ŷһѹ
ˣӰħڹŷѹƣһöûˡ
һȭ쵹תֻظ֣ӿ£жȻ꾭Ӱħһ˲ʧ
һ̣Ϣŷɱȥ
˵ȭͷײһ𣬹ŷɳȥĿо˸Ȼɣȴûܵʲô˺
һƽս׳ڹŷϣȻܲȴһصΰùŷԵӢ䲻
ĻѾȫϵˡӰħȵ˵һ
Ը㣬㹻ˡŷ˵ɱȥƾǿһĻսףŷ֣Ӱħһս
ǽ֣մ飬ɽӶˣǾǿ֮棬ɽ飬
ҺûгǳأֻһЩ࣬ŷûʲôУĻһսǲġ
ս϶һ𣬳ɱȥ
Ӱħֲ֣ͣڹŷϣȴɲ̫˺ϾҵĴսȫʩչԼǿֶΡ
¾񡣡
ŷʩչ¾񣬿µĳ֣ħʬǳ飬սڱţ綼·Ҫһ֮¡
ɱ¾֮ⱬӰħֱӺˣֲʹӲӡ
䡣
һƬʧӰħһû뵽¾Ȼ˴ϹŴܹһ磬ǾԲϽĴ磬Ͻ̫ˣһһƬȻϹŴҲֻܹ


1026 õѪ
һ󣬹ŷٴζӴƱȸղŸӿֲһֳɱĸо
޵Уʽ졣
ŷȣڶ飬涼·ҪˣӰħϢ棬
Ӱħޡ
ӰħһͻȻʧǴʧһ
һƬٴɨһ飬ȻųʧҲʱӰħ֡
ɫ԰ף˼ŷҲܣһҪڵˡ
ʩչлѧʵ̫ˣһǿĸߣ¶˾
ǹŷǻѪʩչУԻԪˣԴܵش
ڣҲֻƣѡ
ŷʮҪһָϾҪӰħһԷץסǾʵ̫ˡ
ʱӰħҲѾӦŷУһĨӡӰħûжֻ֣ǶĿŹŷ磬ùŷЩë
Ӱħֻȥһ㾫ѪģǲԸǾͲˣʦ飬ʦ飬׷ɱҲûôŷ翪˵ڵӰħ֡ʱĹŷ磬ûٿӰħˡ
ղʩչУŷľһɾڻָС
֪ӰħڣͻȻԼָ⣬һ޺Ѫŷ˹ȥ
Ѫ㣬ֻҪһ顣ӰħɫĮ
˵ŷͷ
ǶԷҪȽϹ֣϶ӦǶԷҪ󲢲ֻ֣ܼ飬ŷ϶Էɵġ
һֶϻǸˣ͸˵ӰһֱڵȻĵϣı䡣Ӱħ˵ɫһĨԹһֱˡ
ŷоȣһֶϻˣӦʥ˿ӣѵӰħͿ֮䣬Ȼʲôϵɣ
ŷ޴İ֮ģӰħɫŷӣҲȥѯӰħͿ֮䣬һʲôϵ
ãлĻҿ϶ȥʣһǰ˵ǸһֱϻˣһʥˣԸⳤֻԸͬ˻һѾˡŷС˵
ѪʱһŮټ裬ŷֱ߾ˡ
õ˾ѪҲûбҪӰħġ
ģȻǿߣֻҪһ˿ʶջعġӰħΪ϶˵
ЩˣɱģȻǧ꣬ҲиĿܣֻǸĴ΢һˡ
ҲЩǿߣϡǿһزᣬûдﵽ߶ȣŷ粻֪Ӱħ˼еǸǿӵĻ֮ǰŴͷ
ҴӦ㡣
ŷ˵ĵ˵ͷ
飬ΪȥǿֻҪ˶Է϶ǼŷҲΪˡ
Ӱħ̾ϢһȻȻʧ
ֱӰħ뿪֮󣬹ŷһһƨƶ֮ϣȻһܣŭϼһ㿴ûУ
ŷԿ϶԰׷̵Ը񣬾һ߿֣ǲĺϷġ
ȻŷĻ䣬һ˳֣Ǳˣǰ׷̡ЦݣŹŷһĨ˼顣
һ㺦ˡŷ粻˵
Ҽ̬һһ׷̶˹ŷ죬ſ˵
ŷһۣԼʦղȹŷ磬ŷҲúӰħս
һϹŴ۷ǿߣɲеôġ
콫˹Ҳȡ׷ҡͷԣȻ˵һĹġ
ŷ羪ȣЩֵŰ׷̣ȵʵô֪ƪµġ
ûв֪顣׷һԺӡ
֪Ҹĸŷʶʵ
׷̵ͷʾԼ֪
ŷ籾ֻһʣû뵽׷̾Ȼ֪Щϲʵǵʲôط
һʱȥ˵ĵطֻгΪϹŴˣܹǸط׷Ц˵
ŷһԼҲĻ˵ԼﵽϹŴ񣬲ܹȥԼĸĸ
ѵԼĸĸһʲôطֻϹŴܹӴ
͸Ұɡŷ˵
ܸ㣬Щ飬˵֮󣬾ҪıˣúΪɣٶȣΪϹŴ񣬲һңԶ顣׷һεͣȴǳʵԲ˵
ʵȴֹղҪ˵ȴ˰оˡ


1027 һ쵰
ð׷̵ɫЩޣ쳣ˬ
ͬڶԷȴԼһֺܱĸоƵҪɱˡ
ʦôˣŷʵ
׷̵ɫЩԣϽ˿˼۾ĶŰ׷ʱ׼·Ӵǲģŷãʱİ׷̣лΪӵΣա
û£뵽һ쵰׷Це˵䣬һڰ׷̵Ķð׷һ
쵰㹻ûУСҶĺ˲ϣƥģǴսٻغϣ۸ʲô£׷ͻȻָŲǱʲôŭһ
죬ŷҲûӦ
׷̵ڿһӣүӲʲôɣ
䡣
һ׵γɣֱ׷̴һ⽹ۣڳ鴤ֱ˵ϡ
ŷüЩáȻ֪ʲô飬֪϶ڰг֣˰׷̡
ŷֱӳֻ֣غǸռ䣬дһߣɳȥ
ͽܣ׷̻ڣȴ׳ţùŷ֡
ŷҲ֣ʱȴûˣоһϢסˣһָͷˡ
һǿߣ߸ǿŷж԰ежϣ²⣬һߡ
ֻлߣŸ֪׷̵֮׷̳֣Ҳֻлߣܹð׷̵ķһ㻹֮ûС
֮⣬¾۷һ㡣Ȼ׷̵Ϊ㣬ҲӲǿսвĻ߾磬Ҫ͵Ϯȴ̫ѣԲһ㻹֮ûС
Թŷ²⣬Էһߡ
ߣӦûʲô⣬ֻҪѵһ°׷̣ҪɱǣҲܵסһߵĨɱ
׼˵˵ϴһȻ󽥽Сճʧ
׷һָƵĴһˬӡ
ʦղǸһ˭ŷʵ
һ쵰׷ֱӿڣԷһ塣
ŷ纹գһΪ쵰Ҳֻа׷ϾͨһĴڡ
ŷȻ󣬵ȴϹҰһͣվﲻ˵
׼˵ʲôҸĸϢ𣿡ŷʵ
׷ֱҡͷҲ֪
ŷ絰ۣԿ϶׷ɶףֻǲԸ˵Ҳ͸ղŵǸйأ׷˵
һǿƵĻߣԼĸйϵŷЩء
ŷɫ׷ЦһģǸһȻ㸸ĸйϵǲ˺ĸĸǸղ֣˺һ
׷̵ĻŷһֻҪԼĸĸûͺˡҲ˼Ű׷̵Ļһʣʲôˣ˹עԼĸĸһ˺ǡ
һ²⣬ֻǲ̫ԣҿ϶
ŷ罫еĲ²⣬ѹȥóӰħľѪݸ׷̣ѯʹõķ
ܼ򵥣ԽȥˣЧʮꡣ׷赭д˵
ŷ羪ȣʹӰħľѪķȻǳԽȥе̫˰ɡ׷ӣŷҲֻýһɾѪԽ˶档
žѪ¶ǣŷ͸оһǿϢԼը
Ͻ˹Щ˷ѡҪ֪һϹŴľѪһǻߺᣬĴ֮
ŷ𶯣ͷǿ貵Ľ⣬һɫ飬ɢڻѪϡ
ǿϢ籡ŷʵȻٴһЩȻŽ۷徳磬ܴĲ࣬ǹŷʵȴһ㡣
վȻһȭΪԼİ׷̴˹ȥ
顣
һӰȭͷУУޱȡ
κ󣬲һӰӴгһƣʦֱ̫̬ˣ͵Ϯ򲻵㡣ŷЩƵ˵
ΪԼʵپ׷̣ӦһЩ룬Ǵʱˣڰ׷̵ǰŷʵǲ
Եѹƣǰ׷龰ŷǰ׷̵Ķ֡
ӮңΪߣǲܵģÿһߣ޵е˽ܣǵ츳㣬ڣԽһңǾԲܵġ׷̽͵
£ֻˣҵʵ֮Щʱ𣿡ŷʵ
΢΢һ£׷̲ź˵й֮
ǾˣԺ㲻⡣ŷ˵


1028 ɱ
׷̺˼һŷĻֿܣĻ棬ǳ棬ŷһ١
ʦ̬ŷͷŭڵս԰׷̣ȫǶֻ֣бŰķݡȻûãԷʵ̫ǿˡ
ǣֻǾղ˵ĶԣΪû֮ǰٺúõ㼸ΣԺʡʦʱﲻƽ⡣׷̵˵
ŷ磺
úͰ׷ۣŷֱӸ˻ȥ
ǵʱȴõһϢһǿҪɱŷͰǡ
յҲиֳ֣ʱ֮Ѱʲôˡ
ŷֱӸͷ棬Զ׷̣ʡıϳ˴֪һǿߣʱѾӳ
յһĸ֣֮û뿪Ϊû﷢ֹŷ磬ǲ²⣬ŷӦǶ
һȺ׳ա
ŷЦɱ˸û뵽ԷȻҪɱ뵽һزϱֶǣҪǳ֡
ֻҸ鷳Ϊ˵ûʲôӰ죬ЩһǿߣͲܡ
Ļǵٶʮæ
Ͼʱǣʵ̫ˣиìܵˣҲһƢ΢һģҪģʱ˱ɱ
һǿߣЩǵǿߣֻǳ־޴Σʱ򣬲Ż֡
ŷȻҲûָʲôһ壬˵Ǳǵˣ㲻ǵĻŷҲû˵ϰߡ
ҵ˰׷̣˵Լ뷨ŷҪ֣ɱЩǿߡ
ҪˣߵˣԼ˭ܶģҪܵŷķ񱨸
ã֧㣬ǧҪСģȺ˵ʵ׷̵ͷȻЩ˶ŷߵˣʵˡ
Ȼ׷̣δհΪͽܣȴܿ⼸λ꣬ٶԷԴķǳ𾴣ð׷⣬û뵽Լճȥһˣ⼸ӾͲһ㱻˸ɵˣ׷ǲǲء
İɣɱʵҲʲô¡ŷЦ
һȺУϹŴӣĶǸߣЩ˼ǿյ˶Ǵɱ֡
һԶҪͷۣǲŷ磬ֻһˣȻվźʥԺǺȻܶ˲̫ŷʵ¡ϾյȣʵȻǿ󣬵ûоԵѹơ
յǺܶĵˣǴɱʵ̫ˣܲʬǶѻɵĹɽкܶ඼Ǹ󴫳еʦֳޣ顣
ǸŷҲ֣ȻĻҿ϶һҵ˵ıɱ˴̫ӣӹŷ˰ɡһһĳԱڣɫг˽ùŷ絰ۣ׶Էʲôõġ
Ҫ֪üɱ˴̫ӣҲǹŷʵ֣ҹŷԼıʵɱ̫ӵġ
˰ɣ˵Ǹŷر̫ӶˣǴ˵еŷ粢һߣǲܵġһһǿ˵Ƚأ֪ʱ򻰲˵ô
֪ˣǿĻͿ϶ˣڻͷڹ꣬ǴЦ
ȷʵҾŷǿ󣬶ǱʵʵǿֻҪùˡ
ֹȻ֪ǿвôĹŷ磬Ѿǵߡ
Ҫ𣿡һ˳һ
ǸҪоһ˫ץסǡ޾򱬷ֱӱ飬Ԫ񶼱նɱһɾ
䡣
һȺ˸ܵ˹ȴֻܿͷʬ壬Ȼǵͬ顣˶з䣬֪Էıչˡ
ֶΣľҪ֪һǿ߰ڸ߾磬Ȼν콾ȴƽܳˡҪǣҪһֽţڹŷֻ˲ɱǣȻһ͵ϮĳɷУҲ˵ŷʵԶԶĵ͹ˡ
յһĵӣɫأСѰŷ䡣
ʱһֱ£һյĵɱȻŷʧûС
Щٴγ˹ϵʬ壬ɫࡣ
һ飬һҪҵŷ䡣ϹŴɫ࣬һֱŪڹ֮еĸоָоø߰ǣǳĲˬ
ǡ
һȺȥǵ
ϹŴͷųԼǳأѰҹŷ䡣


1029 ת
ŷУΪһ壬ǳѳȥˣȻϹŴǳأҲѰŷ硣
һʧһյĵӱ͵Ϯһ屬飬ڷ
ŷԶ뿪һ㶼ͣ
һ̣ϹŴɵĵӣĿ¶ɱŭǴʱжһӰŷʵ̫Ϻͽˣһɱ뿪ԶȥȻϹŴ޷
ѡ
Ŀ˾
һȺǿݺᣬѰҹŷ硣Ƕݹŷķ򣬵һ㶼鲻ŷǳʧ䣬Ҳһڹļ
ǰһƬ磬󿴣ȫʡݽŻеȴڹŷϡ
ɵòŷڴϣɨ壬ȴʲôһ΢΢Щ⣬һȴĶ档
˵ŷҲ֪ԼǸʦҵԼϣܣŷȻܹҵԼ
˵ͷŷһٴʧ
һҽдһĵӣŷɱѪȾ񷡣
Ǹŷ̫ţˣ뿪Ȼ֣̫ǿˡ·ۣɫг̾
һյһ֣ϹŴӣɱһǿĴУȴκβһŷ磬ֱˡ
ҵǾãչŷ߱Է٣վֻһˣôܵеùǿĴСһԹŷеꡣ
ž
һƳ˹ķɣڿѪһ䡣
Ҳ֪ҿŷǸ˻Ŀ¶Ŀ־塣
˶Ǹδܵŷγֵġ
Ȼŷ֣Ƕ֪ŷڵķλһɫ̾
䡣
һյǿ߱ɱµǿߣɱ߲㣬ٵǿߣʣ²ʮˡ
ϹŴŭɣǴء
ŷ磬ҳԾҪҡյϹŴŭ
üʧȥǣɱִУȻ˳ԾƿЦ
ŷ磬ҳ֣һֻɱ㣬𡣡һϹŴҲŭеʮˣһ޴ʧҪ֪ЩǸߣпܽϹŴ񾳽磬ȴװʧˣȻΪϹŴ񣬻ȥҪط
죬ŷл
˵ŷļ壬оѪȥļҡյǸϹŴߵ
á
һǿӦɱ졣
ļ壬Ȼųƴ󴫳УֻһϹŴ˳֣ԿԾļ塣
˶һʵ̫ˣֱǱȹŷ粻ò֡
ǹŷ粻֣ļұ𣬶Ȼ˾ùŷ壬Ҳ͹ŷ緭
֣ʮǿߣܵУ
ɱļһˣʮˣһҲǼ嶼ϹŴ񡣡ŷЦûг˼
յҵҪǵĵӻҳ߲ҳһҾɱһǾóϹŴ˭ܹŷȥҲǳв
ϹŴɫ࣬յãǱ˺ĴڣһȴһǹŷĵɱһˣֱֺԵġ
һ壬ûȻǹŷȥҪɱŷ磬ôס
ϹŴɫ࣬ʲô˵ǸղŷųĺݻԵúܿЦ
յһ壬Ǻôĵӣ֮ǰ٣ǻˡһŭԪǻع飬ɱǲУһ
ʮצӴޱȣѹƬ񷡣
ԪڵӣٸжٶߣˣȻǸߣһϢȴ˿ڸ֮£ȻǻԪڵ˽ܡ
˶һ֪յһǿ߶Σˡ
ӴƣȻϹŴ񣬶ҪϹŴһۣԷеľš
ȥǷ𣬲ͣǱΧĻȻ˶Ҫ
ʮצɢſֲϢȫڸ۷徳硣һ壬Ȼ٣츳µˣֻҪɳ߾綼սϹŴ񣬶߾צԲɱһһϹŴ
צʮ𣬼ϻԪڵĸ֣˵ֻˣǵٶ༸Ҫë
һ߲ˣ¾񡣡ŷסǵȥ·¾ħʬս˻ǳڱ飬ǰȫһƬ磬пµڱ


1030 һ
޵УߵҲͬ¡ʮߣڵһʱ䱻ɱϹŴ񶼱ˣһѪ
⻹Ϊʮ߱ɱǰԲһȻΪϹŴ񣬺ųŲ𣬿Ҳк³
𡣡
һХһͷצ֮߱飬ֱӱɱ
ԪڵǿҲ֣Ǵֲ֮䣬޾ⱬطû
ʮߣܹסôǿߵĺɱȻϹŴҲ飬˺öΣһ
ɫ֣ʱʣϹŴδȫɱ
һˣϽ֮УȻϹŴҲܺУҪĿ顣
죬ͬΪ壬㲻ɱҡһϹŴ󺰵
ľţﻹϹŴǣһС󣬻̻Ȼ˸оݡ
ҪɱҵʱôûҲ壿Įʵ
ҲǹģֻǱյ˸ƭ˶ѣʵһ壬ΪУҰɡһϹŴϽ˵͡
㡭
ǸյϹŴŭû뵽ԼĺߣȻ޳ܵزǿĵˣ̽Լˡ
Ҳš쵭˵
˻һһϹŴԹŰ죬ŭɱңĳԱųǵģеľɱҷ˴ͷһ¾ˣӦɱҡ
Էֱڿһ׳ա
һ嶼Ѿȶˣɱ˶ԷͲʲô뷨
׳ա
ŷ
Ȼ˵첻ɱ㣬ɱ㡣ŷ絭˵
̬ţĴݣ֮ϣȻȴаʮ㡣ʵϢ춯أ˶ݡ
ڴʱﶯ죬һǿߺգɱֱָŷ硣
ѪǺȳɱ֮Ŀֱָŷ硣
ϹŴյϹŴһϲû뵽һ徹ȻҪֶԸŷ磬ӣȻԾѪӵкܴĵ⡣
ֹһᣬɱǸһǰ׷ڴ
ŷͷòԥĶ֡
ѡ
𡣡
ȳһֶϻ꣬ˣƵʮϹŴ飬ǲӰħȻܿŷŴͨ
¾񡣡
ŷȣ¾ֲ죬ϹŴҽУֱӱɱ
ŷɱϹŴ˶һŵӡ
ͬʱڿգȴһӰУ޷ȥ
ŷûֱԶ
ʱЩһҲָɫ䣬ɨܣȴûм׷ȥ
ȻһȺ·ȥɻ󣬲֪һΪʲôҪԹŷ֡
ѪˣֻҪǸҳ֣ɱ⡣һ𶯾ʮء
һǿھ棬ǶԾѪе⣬˶˭Ҳû뵽龹Ȼᷢչһ
֮ȴһ嶼˽
һԾѪе⣬˭û뵽ġֻһͷצ˼뵽ʲô
ս뿪Ԫ
úŷ¸ıԼò¶һ˿ԼϢϰ׷̸ߡɱǵһʱ쵽ŷϡ
ڻˣһӾѪôһ£˲⡣
ŷʼ磬ʦ˵ģѪһǵˣǲݵ֡
ʲôô֪쾪ȵ˵
ѪźԨԴվ˲ٴУԲǰһЩ顣׷̵˵
ҲǾѪʵ
ŷһʶһ㣬׷˵ԼҪӰħľѪԼϢѵҲǾѪȻΪʲôҪΣ
׷̵ͷûбܻ䣬ֱӳˡ
ŷ羪ȣѪô²ⲻĻǸ»ӦҲǾѪ˵ѪĿ˵ǼԻ͵ģǿ߶˲֪
ѪȻ졣˵
ڳϽľѪûһͨģǹŷ硢ԯ죬ԯݺǣȫǺ˽ܡ
һȺˣһôѾǿֲˣǾѪȴϣͣĳ֣˵
ھѪδȫϽУȫϽУж콾һ̲ס𶯡
ŷͷԼΪġˣʧȥ˶ѹƣһδҪж콾


1031 
֮ǰڵĻʺκһȣ̫ԶˡֱԳƵϻߣȻˣЩɾ磬Ͳһ
Щһ·˶ٴۣжôĿֲһʺеĻôӵĳɾͣ˭˸˵
󣬲֮ĽѪʿǸ磬ᱬôĹâȻڣ㹻һЩĿɿڴˡ
ʦΪʲôһҪ棿ŷʵ
ҪŪһ飬Ҳ²ȷĻһܹҴˣ棬ν콾ʲôԸγɵģҲܹˡ׷˵Լ뷨
ʲôҪϵ𣿡ŷѯʡ
׷̵ͷ˵һѹһǿߣǾӪģÿ콾ʵ콾ѪѪ棬ѹǸǿߡ
ʲôŷ羪ȡ
һֿܣŴף콾Ѫף߸մ׵ԲŻ콾׷̼˵ԼĲ²⡣
Ǿȣ˵ǷоĿܡ˵Ļкܶ˳űȥģЩòʧˣΪûС
ʵںܶ˵ǲȱΪͳ
ΪʵеĴ컯֪컯˵ǼٵĻ϶в˽ܲˡ
ʲôٷ֮ʮΪ˶ԸѪģǱ׷˵
ŷͷΪʲô׷һٵĽˡ
ǼͲҪȥˣһһԤУҪıʣҵܹŹŷ뿪ǶǼȴһܹ뿪ˡ׷ɫࡣ
֪
׷ǰĻһȻڷгһӰ
һߣϵϢȴȰ춼ҪǿʢվȴһϹŴһ㣬Ͽֲ졣
ס캰
ŷһ˾Ȼצһ峤޼ɣȻԳ֡޼ֻһߣȴһϹŴͷ۵Ĵڣս뺷ˣնϹŴһ۷ϹŴսһƽ֡
˵۵ǣΪһֱϹŴ񾳽磬ûͻơ
һϹŴȴԽϹŴĴڣһʵ֮
Ԫ׷оһϤ޼ɵܡ
ʲôʱһ
ԪҲĲ˼飬֪޼ΪʲôûͻϹŴ񾳽磬ȴǿս
˵ΪһͷʹлΪѪܹȻצһӹŵҲû˳ɹһֱڸ߾磬ֻлܹͻֱӽ硣
ǼצУھȻǿսȴǰ·ԼԼ
û뵽Լ׾Ȼһûϣ·
ǰǲ޼Ц˵̹ӣһַǳ˵ǡ
·ߣȻͳķţվ̫ڿˣʳڣһˣαء׷̸̾
Բǳ˽⣬֪һʲôӵĹȻеĸ˽ܣδܹߵΪʵ̫ˡ
ɹȳɻҪ΢һ㣬ǲ̫Զ
Ҫֲơ޼Ц˵
һ·ʹϣҲԹ޻ڡ
Ѫʹãɹļʡ׷˼
Ѿսûʲô£Ѫǲܴϡ޼˵
ɫЩźȻһ·ʾܹʧܣҪֻǳɹ
ѪһЩܹӦڹϢͻƺͽ
ŷһۣǽ޼ʹãܹɹļʡ
Ҫ֪ۣ֮ϵƬ߱ŭͬΪƬгһУ¼ǵķ͵
ۣǴ˵е䱦ǵõܿһ컯
ŷȻӵۣһֱû̫ãǽûʲôצһ壬ԾѪ̬ȣӰ̬ȾܹģҰ׷Ҳ˵ˣѪźԨԴԼˡ
뵽ŷԼĵһơ
һĵиֳɲǼһɿֲϢ磬֮䣬һͷӴӰ֣ޱߣ


1032 Űһս
޼ͻȻɴ۾һ𾪵ӡ
ۣôû뵽ŷὫһóķ͵ΪͳĴС
Ȼ޼֪ڹŷϣҲûпڣû뵽ǣŷ羹Ȼˡ
һˣҪȻǰ޼ɣҲԼء
ŷ磬ɫдһĨ֪̾Ϊʲôܹĳɾˣж󣬳ɾͱжڴɻʡ
۽У޼˵ҾͲƴˣʵҷǳҪģҪûȥ̷
˵ķǳ棬۲ǲģֻǰ޼Լԭ
ǰʹã۶ûôҲûʲôֵǰҪۣҲϣһŷЦ˵
ŷƺԼΪǰ޼Цҡҡͷɫ΢΢ЩŹֵ˵㲻úΪǰ˵һҪƺһء
˻һ˶һ㶣뵽ŷ󽫵Ĺϵȫ̲ס¶һĨЦݣŷҲǿЦ쵱ѣ޼ΪĸףȻŷĵǰԼҲǰˣһǺͰ޼ͬ
֪ˡŷЦ˵
ܵĺܿ죬ϾԼ󽫹֮ĹϵҶףձ㣬Ƿǳ顣
߰ɣԪӡɱ񡢰죬һ뿪һ콾ͲҪˡ޼˵
á
˶˸ղŰ׷̵Ļ֪һε콾дףȻȥϾ׷Ҳ˵ˣֻܾȹŷһˡ
Ҫŷһսоһ
ŷһ㶣Щ⡣
Ҫͻˣ޼֪Լӵ״̬ѹԼľܳʱˣһֱҪ콾ͻƣóߵľ磬ǴʱμӲ콾ȻҪұķ
ŷһսҵķ
սͻƣͱǿĶּսܹĸߡ쿪ڣĿᶨ
ȻҲһֱ׶ˣһܣĻĻܿܳزɣľԶûн׵Ŀܡ
ֳطʽȻǺԸѡڴսԼڹؼʱ̳󾳽ֶΡ
Ըŷ翪ڡ
Ȼ֪뷨Ȼܾŷ֪ԼڵʵӦڰ֮ϣԷܹԼѹƣΪϹŴʵԻ᲻ͬ졣
ãҰ޼ɵĶӣȻѾˣȻᷴԣȥ֮ս޼ɴЦ˵
һȺԶȥ˲ѡһ˵ĵＤս˺顣
쳤ХһѹԼʵʼı
ϣǳƬ֮䣬˲ҪŷҲͬХһʮ𶯣ϻʵϢӣֲ졣
˶ӣϵƳԽһϹŴ˺Ѳãͷ
ɱԪӺȻĶһۣŷ֣Լ֮жȻԪҲǸ߾磬Թŷ߰κһˣǱɱĽûκ
˿ֲǿߣ˾
ְɡ
ŷ縺ֶûѡȳ֣ð֡
ɫأһŷѹ£ƣ޾ƽ貣ӳ졣
Х֮֮Ҫһ㡣
ڰָ䣬ηۣÿһܹϣÿһܹɱһߡ
ǧ򱬷ǿʢǿޱȣŷȥ
ŷ˫ֺʮһȥdֱǱηӲȻη˻ȥ
ŷи̾ҹȷʵţƣӶܹӳǿúܶ˶𾪡
á
ЦͻȻһսףһǹգˡǿ״̬ϵƸӿ񱩣ضڲڰߡ
ŷɫ΢΢أһȭֻظ֣ѹȥ
ǹɨ˷
ǹ⣬ɨ˷η򱬷ֻر飬ֱӳ˳ȥ
ѡ
ŷʩչһֶϻ꣬ϳֿµơ
˶һ춼û뵽һֶϻ꾹Ȼֲһ硣תѪԼȫûȻסһֶϻ
岻塣ԪӶݡ
ŷȻ𺳣ɫȴȻƽٴγ֣̫ͼ֣磬쳹׵ֽȥ
޾ɱ졣
֮쳣ң˶ܹŷķǳɣȻ񱬷һֱѹ·硣


1033 ﻹǿߣ
ŷ羳ֻŽףսȴǿĲɴˡ
ս磬ǹǧɴС硣ɱһǹŷ綴ȥ
ֲɱıһУ۵ĽĹᴩƵޱߣ涼·ڲ
ŷ絯ָһϢϣǿޱȣֱӵǹ
սھ졣
һһ죬Ŵ֮Ϣǵһֲľ磬ʹŷ綼Ϊ֮ݡ
һޱߵצɽӶҪһ
ŷ粻Ҵ⣬üڷ⣬罣նض룬ããһӵ졣
צײһ𣬱⣬񱩵ƺɨļ˷һжڡ
ǿµһĻ˾̾
ʹϹŴ֣ҲˣǵܣԽһϹŴ񣬿
ŷԺˣĲһƬƬѣһֱ˰˲ԲʮգȫһƬ硣
һͷצ֣ȾѪһµѪ۳֣ܵشצϵϢȴǿʢˡ
ս겻սֹ쳤ХٴλΣƽۼȾѪɱǹɨǰ类ʮǹâֱָŷ硣
䣡
ŷѪޱߣֱӱɳǹ
һ̤ǰȻҪȡս
ɫ֪ŷƾǿȻΪצҲȲſ³һâɱ¾ŷûȥ
ŷ磬콣ᴩأֱӱâ
ٶȲֱӳ֣úɶ𣬹ŷֲ飬ŭ˷ŭ˼㡣
޼վ￴ţɫƽǽ߬ȭͷȴ߱ˣĲͬһƽ
쳹·磬ŷ統ɳһУȻֱȾѪ嶼˺üΡ
ɱԪҲĿɿڴ֪ŷ粻ɱ죬ǻΪŷޣҪء
ģŷзִ硣׷̿ڣǿ˹ŷͼ
޼ɵͷû˵
һȭɣŷУмĶŰ죬ŭϲģһצһ㶪ˡ
ЦԼû뵽ԼȻôңŷú޻֮սʱȴʧ䣬޷Լľˡ
Ǿʹ˳٣һӣҲֹֻڸߣ˵һ군ˡ
Ҫŷʡ
򲻹ұΪԼܹͻƣڿҸ߹ԼЦһЩɥ
һţ˺ݺʱִӸ߿еʧУǷǳҪġ
ܶ˶޷ȥӶµµΪ
ӳߵڣȻһ·ѪսҲֻ̤ʬ߹ģĴܣû˵ǰԼҪģ̲סɥ
Ǹ߹ˣҸղ˰˲ʵû뵽㾹ȻִܲסеģҪ㿴ǱߣǸˣϵʧ䣬Ϊ˭ԭ򣿡ŷָŰ޼ɣȵ
ʶĽĿת˹ȥԼżϣ¶һĨʧʱǱһ
С󣬰޼ɶǰĽҲҪΪ޼ɵĽһֱ׷
ɷϣˣһֱצһһһ֣Ϊ޼⡣ʱȴ֣Լ׶ԼʧˣʧдϣȻֻǵģȴú
ľһִϢĸо
ҪһսͻƵϹŴѵ㸸׿ӣվһսȻսսҲ㸸ԺˣǷҲܹסһӣҲ͵ʬ⣬㣬ءŷ˵ڴ̼졣
ΪһǸվھ֮ϵǿߣȫһ֮䣬Ҫˣ㸸һֱڿ㡣ŷ縺ֶϵϢӾˡ
Ǻܼᶨ򲻹ԺһܹùԹŷǷϡ
ڿңҲҪΪһˡ૵˵ĵϵϢٴһľս⡣
еϢղѡֱе㣬϶ۡŷ˵һ㶼վһĽǶ˵Ҳʸ
վ˫Źŷ磬ŭҪ㡣
־ϧԶŷ˵䣬һֻѹ£ѹ档
쳤ХŷĴ֣ϢǿᣬȸղŶҪˡ


1034 ǿ
ĿᶨϵϢδͻƣȴڸ߾Уٴǰһ
Ϊߵ˼ޣǰŷ֣ԼĿռ䡣
ʵҲˣһŷɣ˳ŷ֡
е˼ŷ絭һЦ
дһĨЦ⣬һڱ̼ˣղŹŷʵЩģ°ΪԼԭ򣬱ĳȥ
ڿı֣콾վ콾ͷ˾ǲһ
ˣ
ŷһȭڰǹ棬һ㽫ǹɳȥ˼սϢһֲĸ߶ȡ
ŷϢҲŰϢ
ϴսನѾԽ˸ʵܹսѾ˵Ǳ̬ˡڹŷ磬ڳûΪһѾǱ̬ܹݵˡ
ŽףܹԼʵӵһزѾǻѪܹ͵ˡ
ţûлѪŷҲԲʵ̫ǿǿս⣬ᶨÿһ綼ߵ˾Եļޣ֤ԭ򣬸ֻԵŬһ𣬲˹ŷһսĹ
ΪϹŴҪܹŷ磬ԵĲܡ
ս˰죬վǰˡǹŷҲһ˺ûУУƣȻֻһ˲ˣվǸˡ
ȻҲһ
ϣҿһ磬սⲻֹϹŴ֮λɡȣȻˣǻȴʢˡ
ڷ⣬ÿһѪ⣬̺ŴԾһ磬ڳ͡
֮дȫһ˲临գ컷ƣԵʥޱȡ˵֮䣬˲ˣһʱ䡣
ģԭɫ΢΢ЩãȻͬһּµľ磬ŰͻƣһϱַԲ
콵𻨣ףֳ֮һϹŴϽǿ߶һֶ֪֮һϹŴ
ЦϲǳĬȻϹŴĳ֣Ժܶ˵˲ô¡
֪ʱϹŴϽǿˣ£س
һϹŴ񣬾͵ڷָһ档
ҲϹŴ߸ҪɱոƹصϹŴ
䡣
һָֻħƣɱ¾Ϣһħ۷ս𣬾ӦϹŴƹأԥĳ˹Ҫֻɱ졣
ȡһϹŴһıԴ԰ǿΪħʿǲ顣
ֻߵħ۷սȴûע⵽ڳ˿ڿһɵһ
ҹ
ŷûг֣޼ȴ̲סˣ˵棬ȻҪӵ⣬ɫڣֱһƳ˳ȥ
޼նϹŴ񣬸Ǵս۷ϹŴ񣬲·磬ڵսжôǿ󣬿ֻԼ֪
ħ۷սȻѾɾܳʱ䣬޼ȣȴ˲֪١
ƾͱ飬˺ɳȥ嶼ķˡ
޼ɲû֣Ǽ֡ٴȥԷԪҪ۷ս𳹵׻ɱ
צһ壬ǰ޼ɡǸħ۷սϳ޼ɵݣоʩչѪݴ󷨣Ҫȥ
޼ݵߣһֻֽضϲ񷣬ԷԪнȻѹʼ
۷ս𷢳ҽУġ
Ҷӵ⣬ҲҴ޼Į˵ĻǸħ۷ս
ڵ˼㣬û뵽Լһʱ̰ҪɱˣȻצ޼ɵĶӡ۷սͣȴԽԽ΢ձ
޼ЦһĿɨΧ˵ҲǶ˭ϽжԶǸҹԶҪץǳҶȻȫɱһ
أЩǿߡ
һЩϹŴǿߣҲѾϵΧŻ֡
޼ɵĻԥΪ˶ȡһ½ϹŴһԪʹԴȴצһǿߣȻЩֵá
ҲһЩ˲ûȥȻͣ
ŷкһ˳ȥһջ飬ﱬһѪ⣬ϹŴˣһ
Χ˾ȣÿ뵽ﲻа޼һǿߣһϹŴ񣬵ȴϹŴҪǿƵˡ

ŷ磬ɨΧ
ٴγȥһƬգǿƺߣȻ뿪
Ǿ壬ЩϹŴĺˣʹǸ߸ϣų޵УҲֻεߡ


1035 ƽ
ǲ֪ŷݣȴףһˣˡŽףʵȴѾԽǡ
Ҫܹŷ磬·۷ϹŴ񣬻콾ɾ͵ϹŴ񣬷򶼺
һ޼ȻצһıҲδܹɹȡıԴ
һŷǰȥɹΪϹŴ񣬿Ǹħ۷ս𣬾ǵ³
ʶһ㣬ЩϹŴ뿪ˡ
ӦΧҲû˵ĴڣŷһıսҲûбʤİգղŵϹŴʮȻа׷˵սжǿĴڣһ뵽ҪʮϹŴ񣬹ŷ绹̲סЩë
ҺЩ˲һĵģԲǶˡ
޼ҲһҲ¶ԷԸղŲôǿơ
ˣľΣˡ
ʱ򣬰Ϣǣ֮䣬һϵĸоϹŴ񣬺ų޵У߸ϡ
׷ЩмǺ⣬ɱԪӣ¶Ľɫ
Ȼ츳׿ҪΪϹŴ񣬲еô򵥣ղŰ춼һ⡣
˶ڰΪϹŴȻĽΪҲûĸ˵ԼһɹϹŴ񾳽硣
ŷ磬һս
˫޾â۾бֱָŷ硣
á
ŷӦ˳ϸ졣չս໥ɱ͸ղŵʽһǣŷ·硣
ûбȫѹƣ̩ɽŰĹ
ŷڷ趯̽͵һǿ˼㡣Ӳ֮ײͬһ
ϹŴ񾳽磬ʱ൱£ÿһѪ⣬̺޾һ޾㱬ɱ¾֮⣬ŷɺܴš
ŷȴȻ壬չ죬ѹƵĺࡣ
һս˲ʤɫг˾̾Źŷ磬ڿһޡ
һ̬Ц
ȴûٱȻѾܹŷı֡
һһ㣬ŷЦ˵
ǵһ͵ڶ˭׷ʵ
һţڶȻʦ˼ˡŷЦƨð׷մãڹŷֻԼڶ׷Щڻ
һܱһҪԡһӣܵ˼ĴҪ֤Լʵ
ŷ̲ס˰׷һۣû˵شֻеʵûйϵ
ŷ˵׷ûмҪҹŷű䣬ԼҲʶ˲ףԼһʦģȥԼͽϱȶ¶Ц׷ȻǺƤ飬Ȼġ
޼ǺЦȻҲղŰ׷̵˵Цˡ
޼ɽĿŷ磬̾˵ʵʵǿһľ磬ɾͻߣ϶ڻ£ҲܳΪĵһߡ
ɻǺܾ֮ˣһһߣȡÿһߵıȽ̤ʵ㹻ˡŷ˵
뷨ܼ򵥣øԶÿһߵ̤ʵһֱڽԼսЩ㹻ˡھΪﵽޣȫȻġ
Ҫż磬ڹŷ翴
˵Ĳÿһ̤ʵˣγߵľ磬ֻעٶȣȻʱ֮ڣҲźܸߵĳɾͣվǿ¥ûиͣͲǰ޼һ̵ܽӣùŷ綼һЩ˼ˣ۴һ˵޼棬ǵ֮ǰҪǿˡ
ŷֻ˵Լĸ򣬺ԼҪߵĵ·ʲôԣԼôġ
˱֣ŷ粻Լڰ޼ǰʲôơԷҲдǻ֮ˣһȫͬ·ˣһɾͣȻǾ춯صģܻܿʱĻԻ͡
ˣҪ˵ôϻˣ漴ҪȥǸϽ뿪һαȻֱʣҪ׼ӭ»ˡ
ǰ˼ǣ޼ɱɫ
ֻǲ²⣬δس棬пܣ׼ɣϧССһһ壬αصǻء׷˵ţɫЩơ
˹ŷһۣϽɻʣȻȥҡ
ŷԼ׵ʦΪܲײô׳ɾֱͣڿЦ
ŷҲûзԼĽߣһֱǰ㹻ˡ
ǷֿǸȥŷ˶ͷ棬еӰħľѪסԼľѪϢ


1036 
ǣİϼûʲôˣֻһӶӱѲߡЩ˶һǿߣǧˣ˶ǸߣǶǿһϢɭȻ
Ȼǹŷ뿪֮󣬲ųֵı
ŷ֮Щֻǿһۣ㽫Ŀתƹȥ
ŷһԺסǵȴĿ⼸գŷѯʰ׷һЩ⣬ȫ˭ϵģ׷̺ģΪŷÿһⶼǡôùŷ羪̾
һϸʦֲܹ̳һ߸֡
ŷ׷̵񣬴һĨ𾴣Ŀʼ׷ˡ
Ҫֳݵңʦֻһ˵׷̵˵ʱڹŷǸߴˡŷ絭Цһû˵
⼸չ󣬹ŷϵϢӵˣǾһʱ䣬ԵЩĪĸо
ı仯Ȼ׷棬Ҫǳ̣Ҳ̲סͷͽȷʵûʧ棬츳Խһ̫ˡʹʲôĵطӹŷϵһЩطõӡ֤һЩȻҲһִٽá
쳣ˣߴһּޣܣײã棬Ѿ͸һУǧ磬ߡ
Ĵڣܹڹŷӡ֤ԼķǶԹŷһָ߶ȿ϶

һ죬콾Ļ
һǿֻ߳ǿòֻܿһŹ⣬վϣɢſֲϢ˲
˶оһɨԼ壬ȻѸߡ
Щüͷһ壬Щˬվҷǿģһڱֳʵ쳣˵ģǲǡ
ŷ׷ˣɨ£ʵӰħľѪڸǣ˸Ͳᱩ¶
һУǸһ⣬ûУһŻŨɢ˶һ
ǸܵŨ̶ȣֱϽ綼ҪŨϵһЩ츣صŨ̶ˡ
쳣˵ģҪ֪ϽУ֮أڳһ棬ȻԽϽ磬
˸¡¡дڲŴ塣ӻȣȻ޷һȾָ컯һЩʱ䣬˵ҲһֻԵ
ܶĿȣ˾вԣֻú˳ѰһЩĵرԼΪһУȻĵرֻͣҪõһЩһ˾Ͳˡ
ʱ߽Ǹ롣
һʮߣȫ˽ȥŷ׷̣к󣬲żǲΪνĻԵȥֻΪһϤе
Ļκʱȥԣɱ󣬿϶Ҫһ
ŷϣǸһ룬⵽Ϯɱ
ǳ֣ǿֱӺڹŷϣԶȻŷδܵ˺Щͷ쳣ˬ

ŷһһƳ˹ȥ
ߺȻ˲Ǿ֪Լ˲ǵǿߣܵŷָ֮Ҫ˿
ŷЦһ䣬ȫɳȥԡѪǶϽۡ
ûɱˣΪûбҪŷ֣סˣܶҪŷֵˣȫеͷ
ȻҶǵˣ˭Ҳոսһֲǿߡ
ŷ׷뿪ȥ
ȫһֻһռ䣬Բطֻһ½ȴ߼ʣԹŷڵʵǲ֪ĴСġ
ߣǵﲢǰȫģޡ׷̴֪ŷԼ˽ϡ
׷̵ĻŷһޣǱĿֲڲˣҪ²ôס
˵ͷ׷ϢһɽС
Ӧ󲿷ǿߺХǲų֣Ƶĸǵ
˵ʵѱ˷֣ҾǱҲģǵʵȻǰ˵ֲֿŶӣΧס˶ܹ˲ߡ
뵱꣬ʦҵָɱǧǿߣȴҪһȺС󣬵۰ۡ׷ЩƵ˵
һ˵ּȷʵеơһ޵еĻʣǼΪǿƵ֣ȴһޣҪܣַʵ̫ˣҲѹ̾
úᵱ£ʦ͵ɡŷЦ˵̼׷̡
˹ŷһۣ׷û˵Ϊʲôᵱ£ʦҵĻԻͣӵҫʦݺϵ޵֣ǧŮ˵Ƿͷ˫
ղǱӡˡŷֹ졣
׷̲һһȥһôĺĺ


1037 ʦ֪ʦ
ŷ绵һЦ׷̾Ҫˣϱ죬ʵϹŷǹģ˭ϼһôNɪ
Ǽǰֵϵʬ壬Ķ
˶һۣ֪Ⱥ˿ʼսˡ
콾ûʲôأɱգֻʤߣܹĵĵãܹѡ˵дԵˣܹõһ䱦컯
ȻڹŷѾӰ׷֪ﲢûʲô䱦ֻпף߷ӡʲôǿߡ
һĿģΪ˲̽Ǹܡ
ʦһֱһ㣬㲻ǽʮΪζûвﵽʲôһȴʮһŷ뵽һЩ飬̲סʡ
ҵȻܹõһȴҽӽǸãֻÿһζͣӦǸøϢǳҸ֪淢ʲô顣׷˵
Ҳ֪ͣŷɴ۾
׷ɫһڣû˵ص㲻Ǵͣڱķ棬˵ҲҿǸãŴףܿʶңֻҪȥͿ϶ᱻ֣ʱӲȥڰˡ
Ŷŷµĵ˵ͷȻͻȻʵʦ֪־ʦ
Ȼ֪
׷ʶ˵ɫһ죬˹ŷһۣŭʲôʦҵ飬ܡ
ŷһӵĶϼһȻ֪׷ô֪ϵһЩģǹŷԿ϶Ӵϵ顣
֪ʦ˵ʦǻزɣȻҲ϶һΪϲĵ䷶
ŷӵ񿴵Щŭ׷û˵ֳֻһУ֪ʦȫģûеô
𣿡ŷϳϼһӣŲء
Сӹ˰׷ŭˣһƽŷķɣֱӽһɽˡ
ŷ죬ȴĴЦϼһ߳ŭˡ
׷Ҫ֡
ʦҪǻңҾͰ㿴ëϢȥʱҿôˡŷ󺰣ð׷ɫһѾֱӷˡ
ϼһĨЦݣ쳣͵˵ͽܣл˵
УȴӦҼŷٺ˵û٣ȻŹһûᡣ
˵
׷̼Ǵ漷֡
ܼ򵥣һڿʼܴҡŷ˵һ˵ţһ۲Ű׷̵ı顣
ߡ
׷ûдӦҲûоֻܾһ
ڶ
ŷ绰û˵꣬ͱ׷һ˳ȥ׷СӣʦҶвҴТͽܡ
ʦҴˡŷϴһı飬ð׷һ
ڴʱŷͻȻɴ۾˼Ű׷̵
һ׷̼ʶתȥ
һ̣һɿֱֲӴͷ׷ֱĵصס
ΰ£СҪɱ㡣׷ֱ£һСģȻԼͽܵĵˣұصףʵоӡ
ǹŷǸҲͰˣ˵۵ֻһŽסʱİ׷̣ˣһؾ˸۸ˣָоĲٵ
ŷﻹһ̾ˣԲͣ
׷̳ŷ׷˹ȥ
𡣡
һ޵˻أٵͬĺŷֱͣǰﴦһ壬ܵµĹ
һȺδޣײޱȣǰȴԳһͷȫ߾磬ʵǿˣʱΧɱǰŶӡ
ǸŶӿʼΪţʧʮ֣ܿǽǾרҵѵ޳֣ʱɱѪɡ
ȻȺ˶࣬ǾʵȺǿߡ
һɱ¾Ⱥȫս޴ʬ಻ʬǧ
ʦˣղȺҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ׷׷ŷ̲ס˵
׷һȻЦ˵ǿЩֻ͵ȵСɫǿޣûгء
ʲôŷ𾪣Ҫ֪ղһսŶӣ˶ʮ֣ŽնɱЩֻ͵ȵĴڣ·Ҫôߣ
һ㲻õģȵһЩˣǾͻһ·ʲôܹ赲׷̺ܵȻ
ǰģ붼һЩСɵŶӣǲ֪һЩ󴫳Уʵ˽Ƕں󷽣ڱʵ׷̼͡
ŷͷΪʲôôһ˳嵽ǰʵǿŶӣ󷽣ԭԭ
ˣڸ֮ˣҴʦҪѵ㡣׷ֱӽŷץС
ʦҴˡŷҽС


1038 
׷̺ݺݵĽѵһ٣ŷʵˡɥǿһһʦơ
ҲŷĽѣ뵽ŷЩԹĶ졣
ǰɱ죬˶ϳŷˣ˵Ҳ⣬Ǿ͸ð׷̵Ļ˵ȫ
ȻҲֻʵϺܶǿˣߵĸˣ
ڴ󲿶ӵĺ棬ǰһЩνĵرð׷̵Ļ˵ˣǵ˭ģ˵
Ц󣬲Ӯҡ
ҲѰһЩ©Ķ󲿶ӷ֡ȻС˲٣ǲûС
ףʥԪŷһݴзһʥԪûʲôԵüΪͨǹŷȴ֪Ƕ䣬һţԵֵǧĿޣ̺Ĳ
ŷսʥԪժУڴʱһΣյĸоϽһ˹ȥ
һ鲻ԶļɽһȺΧ£ȫǸߣʱ̰ĶŹŷеʥԪ˼ԡ
һǿߣɫ߰Źŷ磬Ϊ׵һһŮӣòΪڣһ˫ȴ쳣ڹŷϣʥԪ㲻
ϱһŴ󹭣ղž֣һ˵ŷ硣
Ļŷ¶һĨЦƾʲô㣿
ƾǱǿǸŮЦɫЩ̣ڳЦŷ档
ǿŷɫζ
ĵǼЩŮиһ˿õԤСԼʵģΪһ콾Լ˵ǰҲܵס
ɣҪǵҲ˴ɱ䣬ʱҪڶŷɫһ䣬˵
Щüǲ֪ԼúȥδˡֻǸŮɫᶨЦΪʲôأԭһŽ׵С㣬Żǣֱ
콾Уû񣬷вÿһ콾ҪᣬժһЩѰһЩԵ
Щһ㶼˷ǳأҲо޴ջúۺ죬пܸĴۣҲһҪ콾
ϽУ˶ץסһпĻܶȱԴֻԵ
ɱһԡŷЦ
Ů˼ֱǷ蹷һŹԷȴǶԷҳ֣һ顣
ɱЩˣҲܹסȡᣬŷȻס
һĺˣܹ˳һЩ£ŷȻҲ
ϡ
ǸŮ˲мԼߵǸһۣɣɱ

ǸɫЩŷ߹ȥֲڹŷϣҪŷѹſ¡
ǣŷ޷Ӧûиоһ
ɵһ˿ŭһŽ׵ķϲģȻֿסƣͷŭ
Цϡ˵һָָȥڹŷϡ

һ𣬹ŷ˿δĮĸߣڿһˡ
һйŷ磬ȴûԼеѪ䣬Ǹɫȣûж룬ֱһ˹ȥ
һ˰˲Σ콾֣һŽףԲܵסġ
ŷվԭأǱɵһ
˶¶Цɫ̹ŷղŲ֪ľٶ
ֻֿҪڹŷϣŷ綯ˣûжĶֻһ
ɵĶˣվûһ㶯
˸ое㲻ԣǸ̽ɵɵͻȻͣȻͻȻһֱӱˣǿǺɳȥȫѪ
ǸŮ˾ֵĿ˹ŷһۣѾ׸ղŷʲô顣
Ž׵ʿȻһֲǿߣһһߣʵ񾳽統Уֻ֪һӵС
ǹŷ磬ǿӡǸŮ˴󺰣һһ㣬Զȥ
ʣµߣҲͬŷǵԺը¶ֵɫ֪Լ˲ǵǿߡ
һ߲ˡŷЦ
Ů뿪ķ򣬺һֻأǸŮӸֱб飬
ˣӣڴʱһֱն䡣
˴𣬹֣ͬıԼʵ⡣
һжͽͣ޼᲻ݣò谭飬ȫɱ
ߣһ˲䱻ɱŷսĲɴˣ֮ǰܶ࣬ƿ¡


1039 ׷ɱħ
иԶԶĿһĻɫǼŷɨʱԶԶߡ
ɱߣս߾˽ֻܶЩ߾콾
дŶӣЩ߾콾˭˶ҿ⣬ֻͬȼǿߣܹ֮࿹
䡣
һѪһֲǿߣԶ̤նŹŷ磬ս⡣
ǿһսǸǿ߿ڣڹ˸ħ죬һָֻڱ񷡣
Բʮȫ飬ܲסǿߵһЩǿæ˳ȥȻˣҲѪڣڿѪ
ÿµһħǿߣŷһ˼ֱͬϹħһħΪɲ⣬սԴȡ
ûж㿪ͬһֻĳԷײһ
䣡
飬һƬһƬ硣
Ǹħǿ쳣£ŷӲһȻ𶯣ȴڵһʱ˳ָ絶ŷ绮ȥ
϶ˣڹɽ룬ѹɢſµܡ
ˣ
ŷֻأתȻڹ⣬ǸħǿߴѪ˳ȥ
׷ȥǿߣ֣һսҪ׻ܶԷ
Էɫֻʶӣ쳤Х˲ʡ
ΪͬȼĶսǴǸħǿߣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿزˡ
䡣
˺նŷһһգһС
㵽˭ΪǿѵǴ˵Ǹצһǿ߰졣Ǹħǿ˻𣬳˲ʡ
ҷǰ졣ŷ翪ڣɫ䣬ڽŴ׷ϡ
·ˣ󷢴ţֱΪԼأΪϳǸ˵ݣһ޵еǿߣɨ콾Ϊһ콾ǿߣħûͻϹŴ񾳽磬޵еͷѾȥһԲɱϹŴĴڡ
찡˭Ȼ׷ɱħѵҿˣ˾
϶ûпһǸ˺Ǹߣߣ죬찡ΰۣ͸ŷΪ˶ˡ
Žף콾ԲɱһĸߣߣһɱϹŴĴڣ콾ĵһӵ޵еսھȻ׷ɱֻʶӣͬɥ֮Ȯֱ̫˼ˡ
ѵǸˣܰ˵һ;ѪгԹѾ˲ˣþѪ
ܶ˶ھ뿪ķһ㶡˼Ŀɿڴʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ǻܶ˶֪ˣħ׷ɱŻţȻδȴܵشԴֱͨӶݳȥδ֪
ϧ
ŷ̾һоˣЩϧ
׷̳֣һȻЩ
ʦ߸ʲôȻǻߣҲŽ׵ʱܹ׷ɱǿߡŷƲƲ˵
˻һ׷΢΢һ㶡ͬŷ˵һŽ׵ʱ򣬾Բ˵Ķ֡
ħĺܾޣΪǿ˽֮һȻ֪ΪʲôҪѹƾ磬ϹŴ񣬵˵սȴƿֲ
Ҫ֪Ȼǰ죬δͻƽϹŴʱ򣬹ŷ綼аջɱȴħˣ˵ħڸʱľ磬ڰ֮ϡ
׷ɱǿߣҪˣú϶вͻƣʱǶϹŴ֪Ҫô⡣׷Цʵ
ǻʦ𡣡ŷЦ˵
Ҳ֣ĥ£ֻսѹȺۣܽһãҪʵȥ׷˵
ŷĿɿڴΪ׷Ҫأ׷̵˼ûгֵĴ㣬Լ֡
ʶһ㣬ŷЩżˣʦ㲻ҲŽףδͻ֮ǰҵĶ֣һͻƣͿ϶ܹѹҡ
֪ҲͻƣֻҪУԺɨˡ׷ɫ֣ء
߾磬ŷЩ㶣֪ʱ򽲾;ʵ̫ˡǰֻͽףʮ꣬ѾŽˣȻĻ÷ǳ̤ʵǹŷһЩĸоԼΪ̫ˡ
ԼΪ̫ˣ׷ɫŹ֡
ŷͷÿһߵĶǳ̤ʵԲŻսٶȣҲȷʵܶǧδܹһߵŽס
ϸʱдܣʮʶ߾磬ԼĽΣ׷ʵ
ʮɻʣŷ𺳣Ӷ


1040 ˫
׷̵ͷɫ棬һ㶼ڿЦŷ𺳣һʲôӵ񼣣ʮɾͻߣǰ磬ʮʱ䣬쾳綼ﲻ
Ǹǰʲô֣ŷʵҪ˽һˡ
Ϊ׷̲Լͣǰ׷ȴˣȻ˵߳һʵǿ󣬿Ǹʱеǿߡ
߳ŷȻû֣ȴ˵ľ塣
ʮɾͻߣҪǱֱΪ콾ߵһѾһٶˣȻˣŷҲԼ޵ģš
ֻ߳һȣеĲൽж󣬼ֱЩԽܡ
һްܣ޵С˵߳ɾ׷ɫ֣أȻߣǿء
Ҳˣŷʵ
ʦֻɱ𡣡׷³һϢùŷ𾪡
һʮɻʵǿߣȻǸ»ʦָɱˣŷ֪ԼСԼʦš
߳죬ʦţʦʦ𣬸ӵɡ
ʦΪʲôɱ߳ŷ̲סʵ
ʦдȱдǻۣػֿ߳ѣǵʱΪ޵˽ܣǵߵ۷ʱ򣬸߳ȴ֣Լ·ˣҪǸ棬ԼΪһ壬ԽֻأһƬأΪǿĴڡ׷̽͡
ɹ˻ôŷѯʡ
һո߳裬һǾֻء׷ɫࡣ
ŷ𾪣棬ֲǸ»Ҫ֣һƻʣһҪ棬ɱԷǲء
аײȻǺѣҲûа취֡
յĽҲ³ˣǸ߳ɱȻǵʱΪ貵˽ܣʦдǻ۴Ҳдʵʵȸ߳ʱȫѹƸ߳սɱ׷Ϊŷ͡
ʦҲŷ羪̾
֪˵ô࣬صʲô𣿡׷ʵ
ʦֺŷ̻ش

Դ׷һ£ŷԴҪۣһʵ̫ˣʹһֳܲ˵ĸо
ʦҪŷ̲סۣЩˣʵǱùǺ
׷ŭҴļһҪģʦֺ㾡ȥͻƣֻҪﵽļޣûʲôõĵģ;
֪ˡŷɫһ࣬ٿЦ
׷ĵͷɨˣЦ˵Щν콾ʯͷǵϣ߾磬Լһܹ
ŷͷʮǿߣȫǸߣлһ콾͸ӾԶ콾Ƕһʱ޵У˴սڹŷ˵ž޴ĺô
ΪϹŴһܹܵѹܹ׷ٴ˵
߾콾Ҫѹƹŷ磬ֱ˵ˣֻгɾʹﵽϹŴ񾳽磬ܹһ㡣
ǲͻأŷʵ
һ׷ֱ˵ɱ
ŷˣȶԷ˵ͷһ·ŷ絹ǲİ׷ҲԼ׷йĪ֮ܣҪҵԼһ£۹ŷʲôط
߱ϾǻߣȻΪǰˣǾ绹ڣʩչֶΣܹĿɿڴ˼
һտʼ콾Уһսǿߡ
ħذܣ갰ףɷħģЩȫսսЩǿ߱ñͷܡ
޵УԹŷ磬ȴԵЩϹŴ񾳽磬ǹŷĶ֣׷ɱѪȾ񷡣
վʵ죬Ȼ׷ɱȴû䣬ܵشȴɹˡ
ŷ綼ò̾Щǿʵ̫ɱˡ
Ѱǿߣڰ·ϱ˽סˡһģһǿߡ
ѪɫУѪƣɱħǿߣһƿֲ죬סŷ磬û˵ϢȴѾ˵һС
սĺѸ٣˫˭˵ֱӳ֡
ԶԶԶĿһĻǾ
Ѫ˫ǳˣסǸǿߣһսֱӱ
һʥսѪ˫սǿߣ̱ȻǾġ
ڴѪ˫ǿߣǿһսһβˡ
ܹһսǿߣȫĿƣУˣսѡ


1041 Ѫ
ŷսϽɣ˲񷣬һſŴ׹䣬ԶʧСѪ˫ǿĲ˼飬֣Ӳŷ磬Ѫ죬Ѫӣһ𣬻Ѫݺ
ֲ¡
ͬЩʿ˵һսǾģȻϹŴ֮棬Ҳûƺƴʷġ
䡣
ŷһȭǰ飬ɣ
Ѫ˫ɽӣ֣ͬѪضϹŷǼ伤ҵһսѪ˫ų޵УǴʱԹŷ磬ȴˡ
Ǻļᴩȥδ˹ŷ磬޷ѹ
ʱĹŷ磬Ҳ˿ӣǰϽ֡ÿ˶ڼİ졣
ϻ쳣Ĭ֮£ܱ
ħǣǶսˣѾˣǹŷȴסˡ
Ǿ˵ı֣ŷս䡣
Ѫ˫ɫأŷµĵ֣ľǣŷΪŽףһʵȴµˡ
˫ʩչͨŷڵѪѪһ㱬ˡ
Ҷ
ŷȣѪƽȻЩȴܵӰˡ
Ѫ˫һǱͨĹŷѪû뵽ŷ羹Ȼֽѹˡ
ˡŷȳǿŽδ
Ѫ˫ѪҡҡλΣȻܵ˴ˡ
޵Уһʽ¾񡣡ŷʩչ¾֮Ѫ˫䣬ڲҪˡ
ս˻ħʬѪɫǰ·𻯳һƬѪɫ󣬹ᴩǧ磬𶯡
Ѫɫ˫ɫ䣬ǸܵΣ
ʱѪ˫еһ˳ȥһһ߳˹ȥҪߡ
ŷ羪ȣһֹĸоҪһе벻ͨ
ȴû˿ԥֱǸѪ˫£һ죬Ǹ߱飬еĳ
һѪ˫ɫ΢΢һףȴ˲ָ¶һĨЦһ˿Ū
ŷ羪ȣɫһͻȻһĨѪ⸡֣һΣǸղűɱ˫֮һ
ʲôŷüͷһ壬ԼɱˣȻˣЩ˼顣
ŷ磬û뵽ɣˣֻҪһ˲һ˾Ͳ˫Цǳ˵⡣
˫ӣһ˲һ˱ɸͬһˣֻһ꣬ͬһԴԲһ˲һܹŷЦǵıʡ
˲ʲôΪͬһˡɱһʵɱǵһٵеһֻ֣ǻٵһ壬Ȼܹ
ѾϹŴˣͨսһ㶼ѷǸǿߣȻܹɱġ
㿴ˣΣɱǡѪ˫ɫŷɱȥ
չ־սȻⴴȻǿͻȻŷһֲ
ŷ𣬱÷˳ȥڷ趯ͬһɫսסˣɫ
ֻսǱŷЦ
𶯣ѪǳŷɱȥǿͷŲĹâǧ硣
˫ЦͻȻںһһ˲䣬ǵϢﵽһֲĸ߶ȣһֻǳ֣ŷڱ档
ǼµһĻУѪ⸡֣ܹأһС
ŷ类棬𶯣Ϸɱȥ
еǳ涼飬ŷѪײһһƣȻ˵ˡ
ǺѪ⣬һʱһ䣬µһѪ⣬㾹Ȼֵܶˡ˫˵ɱ
ŷ߶ӲѪ⣬ϲͣĳһѪۣȻǵסֲֿĶ
һ̾ŷףȫΪԼľ̫ˣԲŻ龰ѡӲֳȥ
䡣
ŷֻ֣ʺѪϴ䣬һӣ
˫ŭȴţŹŷ϶סѪ⣬ؽ䡣
ŷˣ޵УȻѪ⣬ҲնɱϹŴǶֶΣ԰ˡ˫Ц˵⡣
ߡ
ŷߣ˫ȥҪнսն˶Է
ڴʱѪٴνضϹŷǰ·һϽ˹ȥ


1042 ûǿ߷
Ѫ޿赲ǻߵѪ⣬޼᲻ݣ̫ǿˡ
ŷֻ˿Ȼᴩͬʱ˫֣أҪŷ·ס
ơ
ŷһֱķ˳ȥ
Ѫȥŷնȥ
ŷüͷЩͷֶۣʵ̫ˣԷƣһֱ׷ɱԼҲˣֻܶܣùŷܱ
ʲôƨǿߣҲˣûѪ˫Բܹ£ʵǵУһС󡣡˫Цг˷̡
ŷɫĮԷȻ̣Ҳž
ǵһսȻǿ󣬵ûĶ֣ȫҪɱ
ҲǺѪ⣬ùŷͷۣЩ֪Ϊֶζʹˣȴ𲻵Ѫ⣬ס
̺һ˿ʵ򣬳Խ˹ŷΧذħĶһֻ߾磬ܹշѪ⡣
ҿܶ㵽ʲôʱ򣿺ѪƵģһŷ͵ɡ˫Ц
ΪŷѾûֶˣϾսزǵû֣ŷȻҲ֡
ֻȴ֪ԼˡŷֶΣδʩչ
˫𾪵Уŷ壬ֳһƽսףȻƣлʵϢ
ǻսףˣȴ׷ճϣȻûǰܣȻܿ¡
ں֮սףܲȴ֮ǰǿˣӵпµķ
ɱ
սŷֱӳɱȥνѪ⣬ȻܲʣʱŷһָоѪȻǾ˺Լ
ǻս׸ĸоŷָо
˫ȥһֻѹ䣬ںһ壬УǾԵѹơ
˫ɫںһ壬Ȼ֣Ҫŷƿء
һжͽͣսͨ죬Ҳ롣սŷ糹ױʵѹ˵Ľ塣
Ѫ⣬ɱѪ˫ݺѪ⣬ŷɱȥ
ŷȻƣѪ˫ںϵȫУȻ棬˿ŶԷȻѪ˫߸ʱҲɫ
ǸܵΣŷȫѹǣںһҲ޷ƹŷѹơ˫ֻϣѪܹشŷ磬ǲл
ڴУѪڹŷϡеĻ棬ûг֣ƽս׷һ⣬ֱӽѪ˳ȥ
ѪҲڽӴս֮Ҳ˫ָˣֻͣУһһ
ŷһ߶սףȥȡѪ⡣
һѪ⾹Ȼû˻ս׵УȻǻصĸһ˲䱻սգ˻սС
ŷһָоѪȥսױøǿˣ̽ԵĴ߶һɿֲĲԽ˸ղšŷоϲս׸ǿ󣬶˵һ£ùŷսҲ
˫ɫ䣬һɫ
Ѫ⣬ŷշˣǾԼûϣ
ʵˣŷ֣˫ǲҽУ춯ص˻𡣾ŷ綼Щͬ飬ĽֱɱĻҪء
ˣŹҡ˫ܵв֪ٲĵĻԼⲻһĽ֡
Ϊ콾Ѫ˫ҲܵġʱǺںһڱŷֱƿأҪûôˡ
ˡ
ŷ翪ڣĮѪ˫ʲôˣܹоѾĵˣŷ粻֪ʲô֡
Ըӣס֣ѵõһǿ𣿡˫ȻԸϹŷΪˣǵ˳ȥ֪˶һЩսõ߷㶣ЩĿɿڴ
Ǵ˫˭Ҳû뵽ʧܺ󣬾ȻҲ̬ģǰ޵е̬·񣬾ԲŹˣܶ˾÷̡
ԲҶûʲôоԼǿ󣬾ܹˡŷЦ˫ĻΪ⡣
ʲôǿӣǶԼ⣬ŷŲҪ˲ڹؼʱ̰ʲôæֻϺȣŷ粻ɵӣȻӦ
Ѫ˫˲ʣǸоԼĥǾ֣ŷ磬ͣĴĿɿڴ
Ϊһǿߣزʵ˸оЩ˼飬˱ûзȣ˫Ϊúܶǿвм


1043 
ɱǣѪ岻ŹǵģѪǵʼ棬ǳˡѪ˫
ʶ𣿡ŷʵ
Ѫ˫һ󷢴ǻĲʶŷ磬սôʱ䣬ǿߵ׽ʲô֣ǸͲ֪
ɱǣɵʼ棬Ҳ֪˭鷳ΪʲôҪġŷЦг˲м
һ棬Ȼδͣվǲ֮ǰǸ棬﷢һУǸ˵һܣҪȡ֪е鶼ܡ
Ѫ˫Ȼǵɫ˲ʣȴ֪ѾΪ˶ӡ
λ֣Ѫ˫һ𣬲²𣬵Уȴһŵĸо
һе꣬һ״ʥУؿ컨׹ˡ
ŷüͷ΢΢һ壬һµĶ֣ȻϹŴ񾳽磬սǿ
˭ŷʵ
˳ۡӿڣгһϡ
ַۣǳİ˷ɴûȴ󵽣һ֡
ɱûйϵ뿪ŷ絭˵
ָƵѪ˫ҽУ΢ȥ
ɫһ䣬ĮȻ˵ȻҪɱҿϵӣǾԼҵӰɡǾأȻҪѪ˫ԼӣڼŷҪɱˣȻĿתƵŷϡ
Ȼһָоܲѱ£Ų֮ۿڣһ޵š
ŷָ⻪ɣ˫ɫ䣬ۣЦӣ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡
ûǸʸҪʵ˵Ц
˵֮䣬ײһ⣬໥ӣɱ졣
䡣
ŷȳˣһµǿߣܿܲǶ֣ǹŷ޾壬Ҫǿߣܹĳɳ
ɫĮͬһĳŷײһ𣬷޴Ĳ
ͬʱˣŷһ㶼⣬һǿߣѾϹŴ񾳽磬ȻǼ£սԽ˽ϹŴİ졣
һ֮£ŷһ˵Եǿ٣һ嫺ֲ졣
ֻһײŷ֪ԼսʤԳ۵ǿߡûߣһϢǣս⡣
Ѿδ콾ˣӣҸӸȤˡۿڣ¡¡죬Ǵ𶯣ʮһִϡ
ŷ縺ֶ죬ûֻսֱָۡ
ǹŷĻӦܼ򵥣Ҫһս
ԶʿɫȻ֣뵽һ˵һʮ޵е콾ﵽϹŴ񾳽磬ȴǵһһΪٴƶΪߡ
ʮǰǸǰȥҪɱ۴ӴԺ󣬱㳹ʧˣܶ˶Ϊˣ˭Ҳû뵽ȻţϹŴľ֣Ҫշǿߡ
ܶ˶뵽һսǿ߽ҪΪµսǲΪǿܹʤϾ޵˽ܣٴνϹŴ񾳽磬սֲĲɴˡ
۳֣ѹ죬һֲֿƣŷѹ䣬ѣն
ŷľԶƹȥûӲӣղһƬռ䣬ȫ顣
Ϊۣۿڣǧͬʱ𶯣쳹档
̻ȻУһֲֿ־٣һ۷·ĳ˴еף֮䣬
ŷܵѹǧɣŷڷ⣬ͷŲĹԡɫѪµĺХ죬ǧ硣
ŷΨҶһ֮ǧ־ȻһŻʸٲ࣬ϣȻ塣
ˣ
ǧһ顣˫һд濪٣ܡ
Цһ˫۳һۡʱȸߣۡ־תֲܡ
ŷ羪ȣҪһΪۣ߱ȼ硣һ·һ磬Щͬ
־ޱߣһǶᾡ컯
һֵŷδйӴȴ£Ҫߵ˾ͷ߱ȼ硣
ŷһѪͷ۳һʡ֣ɢǵصϡ
֮ײᴩǧţ𶯹ŽȫɳȥѪŷ𾪣ʵ϶ǶԷĶ֣ղŵ֮ײԶǵܣ֪ԲŴһ൱


1044 ʵײ
۵ŷһһϴʵƽ룬۷壬ܹӲã棬س
۾̤նƴǧתǳߣֺգѹã棬ŷѹ
һִƣ춯ء
ŷѪˣޱȣճײ
һײ໥ӣɫгս⡣
ȫɱȥӳǵľһֲ˼ľ硣˲ͣĽ֣񷡣
½٣׳Ĭ֮ʵ̫ˡ񻪳죬ǹŻŵսƿֲ졣
ǿߺɶɫ򣬿еľֻԼ֪ϴ棬ǵ
һֲɴȵսҲˡ
ŷ۵У˼ĴھѣпԽǧŵս
һͳ֮ԽʱͿռ䣬жԾʵϴʱĹŷۣ˶һɼĸоǱˣֻܲͣشսȥ
׷̳֣ڲԶȴܹɫ𾪣뵽ʲôµһ
۵ǿߣǲȫȻлŵģҲˣ˾Ȼ˵۵ѵȺĵ۵ǿߣȫҪعˡ׷ɫ𾪣ǲһЩʲôȴ޷ȷϡ
ȻŻߵľ磬վǷ㣬޷Ϲȥδڵ۵飬ʵ̫ˣдܹ֪
䡣
е˼ײŷ𶯣һµơе۵ۣһùŷˣַ⣬һԣŷûϵʧָֻ۷״̬
ҲһʵϢˣһ飬ǵ־ָͬ۷״̬
˵ɫԺҪԾǾԲӣֵƣжԾⲻǵʵ
ŷѪڣƣֵĿơ
ҲһԸⱻֿƣ⣬Ϣ
˶൱ǿ󣬵ǴʱȴҲⲻˣϳֿµơܵʵ͵۵ķɡ
ʲôʵʲô۵ΨҶ𣬸ơŷ綯Լֻظ֣ᴩ֮䣬𶯣ҪѹǸʵϢ
ͬʱҲԼԾأѹ۵
˶һۣڶԷУϧĸоʵͬһˣԲơ
۵ʵҪﵽľ磬ǲǱǿƣҪƵ۵ͻʵ
۵ͻʵɣ飬ܵ˿µشȴ˿ģѹʵ͵۵Ϣ
ǲ뱻ƣȻԼ׷ĵҲһ
յ۵ͻʵϢѹʵϢֻΪ۵ͻʵĴ˴ײԻȻǿ󣬵ûս⣬ǾûԴȻҪɢ˳ֻ֣Ǽӿ̶ѡ
һսʤձһսۿһ۹ŷ磬Ӧǿ߿ˣȻ
á
ŷ翪ڣӦսҲ۷ֳʤһµĶ֣սϹŴ񾳽磬սȴɲ⡣ղžԲȫս֣Ծöǹŷ硣
ŷȴҲ⣬粻Էսûʲôġ
ŷҲӦǿ߿ӣҲת뿪
뿪󲻾ãŶΧ£ȴһա
³һϢһҪȥת档һŶ쿪ڣɫ΢΢Щ
³֣ҽϹŴ񾳽磬о渴Ǳ뽫Ϣ棬źó֣ɱۣδȻһ˿ڣơ
һǿҲͬСɣܹ£һ£עһ㣬ҪǸǿ߷ͻǶԼ£Ȼ˶һۣܹԷеս⡣
ʵͬһɣΪʦֵܣǸΪܳˣһβμ콾ʵΪ˱ֳԼʱΪλã롣
뿪ŷԶһɽ֮ͣſһѪɫɲǼˡ
ŷЦղΪѹ֣˵˱ԴлʵϢڣֱײڶ޷
ղһû˵ӣʵװġ
һ£׷̳֣ŷЩ졣
ʦŷҺ˰׷̣ǿ˾ǣŷţ׷һа취ΪԼˡ
ȻҽվΪΪԭ޷ʵϢ


1045 ޸׿
׷ɫ죬Źŷ磬ڿʲôһùŷëȻֹͷòʲô֮ɡ
׷Ǻεȴڣŷеͷոһ쵽ˣʱɫڣֱڹŷ治ͽܵԴϣݺݵһ¡
ŷһֱ˹ȥͷһֶûҺֶΣŽŷεġȻĻԹŷڵʵ;磬Ҫιȥ治һ׵顣
ŷѹʱһѾȬ˾õĲˡȲȥоЩסԼľջ
ûиоκβʵĸо֮󣬹ŷһ
ûп׷̣Ժ˼ȴûеõŷƵҡҡͷԼʦֲ֪ȥȥˡ
Ҳͣŷֱڿն콾ȥ
һ·ŷûΣʵݺ콾ҲǴ´ֻ࣬ҪȥͻûΣա
һ·ϣŷǿߣŷһ·ʱ򣬺ܶ˸
Ͼһ·϶Ǹ֣ŸŷΪԵЩĪ⣬˲ǡ
˲Լ鷳ŷ絹Ҳ⣬˷죬ŷǲ鷳
һͷֲޣӵվƣɫצֱӻʮߡ
˺ȻʲôµĴڣħƣ̺ſֲɱ⣬һɱǰ
Щǿ֣߳ҪµĴڣȴɫצӻɣѪ
ŷ綼ˣҪ㿪֪⻹䣬ͷޣֱӶס˹ŷ硣Ȼɫצŷ緢

ŷֱһȥµĴӲƴܹܵһϹŴ񾳽ޣײ쳣
ŹŷĶͷҲˣɫצӣ׷ɱŷ磬ǲɱŷͲһ
ҹŷɫһڣҪѾˣԷȻ׷ɱ
ŷ֣ɫצײһ󷽷ˡ
ɫצҲȾѪֿơͷ޷һХһֻŷ
ҹȥŷɫг˲ͣ𣬺ԷĴš
𡣡
ϴһҽУŷֱӷͷ޵ĽţȻֱӽһȶˡ
ܶǿĿɿڴһĻŷ񣬼ֱڿһǵһμ͵ˡ
һͷϹŴ񾳽ޣ׿ޱȣˣֻӶݣǹŷȴһֱӻ˶Էһȣʵ̫ˡ
ǹŷȴԵøӿ£ֱ޸ޡ
ͷ޴ɫѪϢ˱ǣϹŴ񾳽ǿߵıѪÿһζǾԵľ
ŷûȡʵѪҺѪҺ죬ҲòѪҺŹŷʵĵرãԽԽСˣǰʥԪŷȥȻ޷ʵŽ۷ľ硣
һµĸʵϺܶǿߣʥԪҩܲסðȻãпҪΪӴ䡣
һֻ߾ǿߣŸҷĶĵرһʵһСΡ
ҩЧǳһĵر֪ŷһţȴûдﵽŽף϶Ŀɿڴš

ǹŷκ仰˲ơ
˾ǣǸֻʣһȵޣȻˣȻʶŷĿ£ԭء
һϹŴ񾳽ޣ˶ĿɿڴŹŷ硣
һЩŮʿȣһĵĸо
ŷİ˰֣Ȼ˾Уֱʧ
ܶЩʧǿ߽ͬУ϶Ǻô࣬ҳ˰ȫȻŷûͷֱһ뿪ˡ
ŷЩ˵ĲԶͷ棬ֱչʾŽ׵Ϊûκιע
ϾѰʵҲ٣Щ˸и߾ǿȥעǡ
ǣҲұﰡһһ¹ŷļһСӣԲཱུΪҲŽףʱЦݣһշ𣬺Ļӡ
ŷɫ䣬˵ͷ϶˶ԷĲ²⡣
һ߰ɣиӦҽǣСʵͲ󣬿ǲʮ꣬ϢƲ⣬СҲԲһˣʵꡣ
ŷ쳣װƵ˵
֣콾ֵܽȻһɳ죬Ϊϵǿߣʱ򷢴ˣǧҪֵܰСЦе˵ùŷ羪ȣῴأһ֣Ȼ˵ԼԲʵе̫ˡ


1046 תǧ
ȻϹŷ粻ɫվһߣûдӦҲûоֻܾǶŶԷ֡
Сӱŷ翴ķëٺһЦЩĺ˼
զо㲻أŷ˵ɫŹ֡
ô᣿϶ӦˣһˡСЦ˵һʵӣֻһ˫ӲͣתôҲ˺ͺ˵ĸоմߡ
ŷ΢ЦСëȻٴκʮɣȻ˵ðɣʵҷһϡ䱦Ҫλ֣һǰȥȡá
㲻ҵ֮ɱ˶ᱦŷŻԷ
ôܣŵֵΪˣ϶ġСЦе˵ֻɫȴЩȻȻͬ˵Źŷ硣
·ɡŷ翪ڡ
ϡ䱦ǺȤģֶܱûǿ
Сֱֹôŷ磬Щ⡣ڵЩˣԼЩçײðȻ˹ŷ磬пܱǿõĶ
ŷ˸ŵľ⣬ЩƣҪ߶̫ܡ
ܹܵŷսޱȣ߶֪١Сзֹǰ·ֻһߣһ˵ѣĻҲ˺ȿʲôϵĶžͿˡ
ʵ˺ʲôϲŷ绵Ц˵
СǰһڣһҪεһˣˣʲôϲʲôĽ
ƣȴûˣʲô
ùŷЩ⣬˼СӣʲôֶΣԲûͼߡϾ۹ŷôСҲһԴеˣ϶жԼߡ
ʵŷҲЦǿΪĶĵرĶǿϵģɨ
һйȥŷ濴һۣ¶һĨЦ
ѣ׷ǣҪֶΣǰɡȻҲо׷١
ҲŽףҵǾѿ϶ЩֶΣЩˡŷЦŴ
СһƣЩơ
ŷԼȥҺôȴû뵽ŷȴһ߶Ҫ
ѣܹоսˣֻһŽףǱЩ׷ϣɡСӿЦ
Ļŷ绵һЦСһֲõԤС
һ̣ŷʧȻдһ仰ֵܣһȥұأЩˣϸ
ŷĻ䣬Ӱ֣ȫ¡
ߣһĸҪǿһ㣬Ҳ൱ޡ
ǳ֣Сɫࡣ
λѣʵ˵ûʲôأŲʵ
šΪ׵ǸߣڽɫսףЦЦȻͷ
ĻһֻҪžͺá
һ̣ǸǿЦؿ϶ûУϾⲻǹҼңĵر϶еģǶܾˣкöӰ
˻һɫ࣬û뵽ԼѾԷˡ
ҪƶԷǲܵˣ̾һɫתΪƽǾԼҵĶ𣿡
⽥ɢһɿֲϢѹǧ硣
ȻߣҲеܲסȥ
ߣȫ쳣ǿ֣֣սһ콾ĸˣǴʱȴںˣܲסѹ
˵Ŀ£ȻŽףһսȴɴˡ
ʹŷ綼ȣֿµı֣ʵҲǵһμΨһһӽСӵˣֻڤ˶һ㡣
ȻڤҲСӵĶ֣Ҫ΢һ㡣
ϻè㵱ҲΣΪӺ۸Ƴ죬һǿӣһ
û뵽ԼǷģ󣬾ȻһӲĲӲ壬ȻԶԷһˣҲûס
ǲааһЦֺСһĨɱǲ֣ӾͶˣȥɡ
ܺ񣬵ǳȴ쳣գûȥ񷡣
ߴǼ⣬ͷų⣬ȻˣȻƮҡѪۡ
ǺȻܴв
˲֣ͣ죬Ѫ纣һС
תǧ꣬ʱתХµĹ⡣
ߣ徹Ȼתǵǰƽ˵ϢԽԽվȻ˳ɷˡǾŭʵĴ֣ʱǴĿ£һˣܹɱǡ
ۡ
ָɱˣ


1047 Դ
һУָ֮ǰģһ޺ӡ
һָֻĲ棬һֻֿܵµ˲ݻ
ѣҪЦˡӦҲܿ죬̲µǹŷ硣
ŷ¶һĨЦݣִһĲÿЩ죬Щë
ŷɲϲĸߣ̺սɴȡ
Ҷܺ棬תʱգһǿߴصʱͨȻϹŴĽҲ˰ɡŷЦ˵
ѧģֻһͨʿСӺ˵ԼĲȻҲ֪ԼΣڹŷǰԵЩ԰
ͨʿŽ׵ʱܹɱߣϵͨʿˣһûм־޵ı֡ŷЦ˵
Сӿ񺹣֪ԼĻʵ̫Цÿ˶ԼܣҲǽɣǺαشԷĹȥҵ¡
ŷ粻ÿɷ񣬲ȴû׷ʡСһ¹ŷ׷Լ
ʩչŷͻȻڡ
Сɻ󲻽⣬׹ŷʲô˼
ǸղǸʱתԼܲܿסŷЦ˵
Ͻֱ֣ӾܾУķˣҶסڶΡ
һӲסʩչһǸʱתԼѡɡŷޱ顣
ΰ£Ŀɿڴ⻹ѡ
ļһҶԷʵԼҪǿ󣬾Ҫܾܣһͨ죬ʱתڹŷϡ
ŷȣʵϢƵתʱ屬죬ѵ֧ţѪȫ
ʱ쳣£վûнŷ绯ˣסͨȻǿ״̬
ʲôɴ۾һŵӡ
شҴң˹ʱ⵹ٴδҪŷعȥЩʹ֪ŷܿ£ȴΪԷܹԼĸͨ
ϧʵǿһ㣬ҿ϶ᶥסʵԼͨŷŽ⣬һȭֱӴͨ
һһ˿ѪŹŷ磬ڿһһ
ȻϹŴҪͨеôףοһϹŴǿߡ
򵥡о˸
ӵµսŷԲ֮֮ǰ֪֣϶Ǽ֡
Ǻǡŷ絭һЦ
Щƣκʮ㣬Թŷʱȴһû׵ĸо
߰ɣҴȥǸƵ˵
˺ն˲֪֮⣬˷ɶЩˣôбġ
ƫõķȻҪҶҲطΪʵ̫ƫԶˡ
ǰʮﴦʥϢӿΧĿռ䡣
ʮ⣬ǸλãħĤݣλһŻڳɢſֲĴѹ
ЩҪȥȴŷһסˡ
ôˣʵ
ŷû˵ָָλáĿһſǼλãһǿɢſµϣΪڻķΧڣûбע⵽
ЩͶǸ߾磬ϹŴ
һˣȻǹŷˣ۰ڳУԼˣɢŵһǧ־ޱȡ
ǿ߶ţ໥ӣȫ졣
Ǹǿ֮棬Ȼŷȥκһˣδűʤİա
ۡħѡŮʥʡһǿߣΪŮˣĶԣ໥ţΧУ˭Ը
Ⱥ˵ôֵģҼǵһϹŴ۷ޣѵɱˡЩƣּսĲȥֻбɱķݣǿЩ̫ǿˡ
浽ʲôŷʵ
һŻԴ֮󣬿Իû򣬶ӵв˼Ԫܹʹ֮ﵽ޵ǿߣҲáش
Ҫˡŷо˸
ŷĻһϽ˵ˣǿ߻Ҫǳ֣ᱻֻɱġ
䲻֣ȡԴܣסʱʩչǸתʱ⣬ȻҳԴʱһ뿪ŷ˵
Ĵ㣬Դ֮󣬹ŷѾ־ڱصˡ


1048 ٱ¶
ȴûͬ⣬쳣ĶŹŷ磬㲻ҰɣЩģϾǿ֣߳ŷԼĻ˻˵ǲ뿪˵һѡ
ĺúãɻ
һŷΥԼǿ֣߳϶
Ȼܿ㣬ҹŷ˵㻰ŷ絭˵
ŷ磬㣿һȻû뵽ŷݣŷͷ˵Լ֣Ҫġŷţ֣ϽУǺ˵ġ
Ȼһ˵̵ͷû⡣
ȻڹŷǳΣӰŷ綼̲סЩ̾ʵ̫ˡ
Ƕǿߣʱǿ߶ţһ죬ûκһ˸ڳֶȡԴһ϶ܵǿߵΧȻѾϹŴ񾳽磬սµˣҲԸǿߡ
ۣΪϹŴ񣬲֣նˣȻƽֻԴħͻȻڣ۽ˣҪˡ
ڳǿߣֻϹŴսˣ֣ԶĴǿߣɿµв
á
ۿڣ۵Ϣޱȣ⿪֮䣬˺Ѳ񷡣
ħħ˸һħ֣ǰƽ
һ֣ɱˡŮʥòһʥϢУֱһ˳ȥ
ǳγɣѹȥ
ħޱȣǳȻһХŮʥ֡
վŮʥߣ֣ͬ˫ӡһӡգħѹȥ
һ΢·磬ԵսħĶ֡
貣ɱ˹ȥʮǧÿһܹ׶һ磬۸ǹȥ
һЦָ죬磬Ƶʮǧ
ܵһֿµƣһ㽫ش
𡣡
Ѵ𣬴ſɵأСǧ˸ѵ츳ͨȻ۶ɫȥ¶ʲô³
䡣
۳֣أҲУҪѡ
ײյһµѺۣȻɫĿƣۣ˽䱸
ŷɫأЩˣһֽҵĸоһκһսǻʵ͵۵֣ʵܿѾˡ
һ콾ϹŴ񾳽磬ſµơ
ѣָʱǿ߼սͻȻڣĿƣŹŷڵķ
ڽֵ˶һû뵽Ȼǿ߿Լ
ŷЦһ߼ʯһŷֻվȥҺ֮ļƻûиı䡣
ûб֣ڹŷ˵һϢվֱӳ콾ս
ɫһЩ⡣û뵽ŷ羹Ȼŷ˹ľûг֣Ϊ֪ŷǺεȿµĶ֡
ѣһ֣ۺħԴƽ֡ڣŷ硣
ŷ翴һ¶һĨЦݣּˡ
ŷ粻شԼĻȴۿڣʱ¶õɫ
һһսʤþһʤ۵Ļһ˵ڣ˶ˡ
ǵʵȻܹܵŷԲϹŴȻܹսһƽ֣ʵƾ춯ˡ
ǿ콾е콾һ֮ھͬϹŴȻǶ֣ᱻѹơ
ãϲŷٺЦ
۵һЦΪһǿߣΧľٶ㲻е޳𣿡
ûоˣͲ޳ˣ㾳Ҹߣ㲻սе޳𣿲㽫ΪѹŽףһսŷЦ˵
۲ʵѹŽף͵סŷĹɱ
ʹ۶òϣŷΪµǿߣΪߣսȴǿĿ¡
ŽףǹŷĶ֡
ˣҪϻˣһսɡŷ絭˵
ŷȳ֣ۡ
ҲʱѾȻȫˣŮʥǻһ𣬹ɱħù˷ɫڣȺ쵰۶һˣҪܾˡ
Цŷײһͬʱˡ
۵ЦŷҲЦˣ˸ղĬȻȫ֡ǳɱһ𣬴ѣƺƴޱȡ
ߣĴΧħɫûйã㱻ˣѪȾ񷡣
ħХ˲ʣǲòߣĴǿΧܵв


1049 ñ
Ůʥ֣ǵأɱȥ
ħУпѪ쳤ХһĨѪ⣬뿪
ǿҲ֣ҪħɱϹŴϾϹŴرǿߣħɱȥһƬѪ
ħˣо˸ȥһߣƣǿޱȡ
ǻԣħҪǿ̫ˣǧ𶯣ͣĴ˿ֲѹ
Ҷ˳֣ɱǡŷ翪ڣ롣
˼ʵҶ㶫һ뷨ûСŷʼ磬һνӡЦݣֻ·͵ģҪûҪҾȥˡ
Ļ𣿡Į˵
һŮӣ쳣ޣǸƺţȴùŷЩľǸ壬Ǹ䣬ǡþʡ
Ųš֮󣬹ŷûĻش
˵Ŀ̫һȻЩˬ
ŷȻԷģԼʲôϵֲԼŮˣ˭һ֡
һվûз
λһ֣ɱۣƽֻԴڣо˸
ûȤ
ŷƤӶ̧ĶԻԴһ뷨ûУԽǿ߾Խģؽעڹŷϣ¹ŷͻȻѡ
۶̲סüͷһ˫ӶڹŷϣҪ͸뷨
ֻءŷͻȻһֱʹýʵһ˲ֲĵزȻֱ֣ӶԸǿߡ
ЦڳŷĲ˵֣һˣŷ綼δǶ֡
˳֣Ҫֻءʱһɿعɵ֣ſڴȣһһ٣ͨʩչתʱ⡣
˱ɫʱ֮£ת˲ǧ꣬˵ʱع顣˶Ҳ˲ʲô֪ԼܱطʱĻȻкý
ǳ֣أ
ʱ򣬹ŷֱӳ˳ȥһѽԴУЩߵߣתӡ
һ۴ȣǸͨŷ֡
ͬʱŮʥҲѳǾŭӣû뵽ŷ羹ȻˣͻȻ֣һֲѼӷˣ̡
һ֣ȫǸͨȻ۷ϹŴ𣬶һ˲䱻ɱ˶ŭȫǽ߾ܡ
ŷëըֱӷԷйסŷֱӻһʧ
ɫ䣬׷ȥ
ߵ֮׷кüιŷ綼һ㱻׷ˣʩչͨŽЩһﵲ˻ȥ
ò˵Ǽǿ󣬷˾ţ֮ŷǽǰѣճװǣŷһƨڵһûС
ˡŷֱ£⼸յ׷𣬼ʹЩŲסˡ걻ǿߴ׷ɱʱҲδı֡
ȹŷòȥͬһûСڹŷ⼸ǱҲ͹ŷһΪ֣Բŵ»ԴŷߣЩ˶һ㶼ȹŷ١
ʵȻǿǾԲŷ磬⼸챻һǺǹŷڹؼʱ̳֣סһ˵Ѿˡ
ġŷӻԴһ룬Ӹ
סЩ㶣û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˴󷽣Ȼһ±͸һԴ
֮ǰǶģһˣֺ˵顣ŷ˵
ӦٺһЦҲ飬ֱӽЦ˵Ѫ˾ʹ죬Щ쵰ҪҵĶ
߹ŷ磬֮Źŷ磬Ϊһˣһ̽ǳȻսǿĶ࣬ȴû۸ǽ÷ָĶһʣȫָ
Ҽʼĵӡŷ羪ȣû뵽Ȼʶ
֪㣬ҲͷδĻѪ콾˺ǰ;ΡٺЦ
еôãŷ羪ȣòԼ񻹲
ͷĵУȻûôãǶ㵱вУȻôá
Ҳˣҵʲôö֪ͨңȽԴŷ˵ЩȲ
Դŷпܴﵽ߾磬ʱȻϹŴҲ޾ˡ


1050 ׷ͻ
ãҲȥѰұȥˡٺһЦ
˾ʹ˷ֿŷҵһطʮȻʼԴ̺˼ļޣҿǿ׺͡
ŷֱӽԴУǱ˿ˣ϶ᱻŸôĻԴȻϹŴ񶼲һȥҪǹŷȴֱһڳȥˡ
κһҪǹŷȴûµһֻǻʢˡ
𶯣Ѫ纣⸡֣һŽɫĲɢǺһصġ
ǽɫ壬ȫϢĻ𣬻촷ۡ
ŷǿĻԴûԼУ֫ٺйȥԼ
䡣
ŷ⣬ÿһѪ⣬̺ΰӿˣֻǾֹȴһֶԻصĸо
ﵽһּ޵ı֣쳣¡
ŷţ֮һϹһսķڣڳһ磬¡¡ŷŬҪǿƹء
ߣϹŴ񲻳Ǿǿߣܹһ
ŷڳǸ磬ǧƣҪжȥȻ֮ϡ
ָоάֲӣ㳹ʧŷ۾¶һĨЦ֪Լʧˡ
վΪ̤ʵδͻƵ߾硣ŷҲоԼʵѾﵽŽ۷״̬һֻ߾磬ĳΪߣֻʱˡ
ŷ粢٣ʵʱսȻûͻƽϹŴ񾳽磬ǿߣٲǰǱˡ
ŷ縴ѰЩĴǿߣһţȡ
⼸շ̫飬۱һŶӶסԡѪɱ˳ȥǸŶӾˣһ˵Ĺ£ֱӱŶӵĳԱֱ
һһŶӣŷ粢ȣʵϸһжǿߣ϶
ǹŷ磬Űɱյһǿߣɱһ࣬ȻϹŴ򣬶Թŷ޿κΡ
ǳǿߵʵ϶һ˵ǿߣʱЩŶӸӿ¡Ǿ˵ĹǣƻʵǿһУԶˣûܹвǡ
ŮʥʡȫΪϹŴͬʱҲǿͻƣϹŴ񾳽硣
ЩͻƵˣеֱʹôͨ˺棬صϽ硣ǵĿʾϹŴ񾳽磬һﵽ磬ʲôһ˵ջ󡣱ϾõĶҲҪȥܲС
һᣬһ콾սȻϹŴУҲ˵Լ޵еġ
ʵÿ콾һϹŴ
Щ˻ΪЩΧҪĿ꣬ϾΪ߳һ磬˶Σյġ
ϹŴ񣬹ĸ֣ǾҪӡ
콾ȡʤģʵϹŴ٣ٷ֮ʮ࣬Ǹȡյʤ
ǹ˷ħкܶǿߣǶˡ
ЩͻƽϹŴ񾳽Уŷ˿֡¶һĨЦݣϽȸһһһǿߣһ㱻ŷɱһʹѪݴ󷨣ϹŷƵ½ȸһ֣Բûгɱ
û뵽ȻҲһΪϹŴ
ЦЦŷҲܵ޴ѹ
ϹŴ񣬿ɲһˣ߾磬ЩϹŴ񣬿ºʤ㡣ϾǸ콾ɾ͵ϹŴսȻ
ҪģǺ˽սսͻƣҵ㹻ĵرȻԼΪ
ŷ΢΢ʧС
պ󣬹ŷ׷ϴεһЩ飬ͥŲԵ÷ǳȻһ㶼ûнڵĻС
ܶŷг˾ȣǸܵŷʵŽ۷壬Ȼ콾ҲӦýﰡ
Ҫ֪ض콾ɾ͵ĸߣʵԽŽ׵콾֪١еٮٮߣѾߵķ룬ֱ׷ϹŴ
зҪȥ۸ŷ磬ȴŷһĳʱǲ֪޺׵꣬ʵһµĸ֡
һЩСŶɫηǸоԼȫӵ˶ȥδǹŷĶ֡
ҲһЩϴŶӣڹŷǿսǳѣŷ֦ҪŷһжͽͣЩŶӣŶӶӳλ͸ŷ磬Ҳῼһ£ùŷΪ˵һ£ǲܵģٹŷ罾ģԲ顣


1051 ۵
ս죬콾ʼĥҲű˵սȫǻԡѪ
ŷ磬Ҳµսмˡ콾ϹŴ񾳽磬Ȼ֡
ȻЩ콾ŮʥЩô£ҲԲŷɱսѪڡ
ȻЩ˲ǹŷĶ֣ȫˡŷ¶ݣԾѪݳ֣ˡ
˽Ŀⶢס˹ŷ磬ЩӾѪŶӣǰΧŷ硣
һжͽͣԹŷʵҪߣʵ̫ˣǲսȻǿߣδܹµסŷ硣
ߵһʵǿǿߣӿ¡ݺ֮䣬ֱײ˸ǡΪʵͬǿĸˣһŶǵµĴڣԵģᱻɱ⡣
䡣
ŷУǰһȭһӰԶУȻԶȥһߣҪŷ統ɱȴû뵽Ȼߵ壬һ֮¾ܵش
ŷЦһֻץʱͬһ޾ɽգڰ֮⽫߽סȻֱ顣
֮䱬һĨѪɫ߱ɱڷ
һУŷһ̤ʧú߰˵Ӱ֣һ£Ϊ֮˺Ȼѡ
ȫϹŴ񾳽磬߸վˣͷ֮ʵǿ
ʱһȻùŷ뿪ǲ
ѪʱǵĻԴˣҪ׷ϣұɱĮ˵񷡣
Ҳʱһֻ£񷣬ѻȥ
һûзѺɳȥ𶯣ڿѪ˶Ǿŭһֳ֣Ҫֻ
Ŀ죬ȥҲ죬˲ʧ
ŷ硣ɫ
ϻģرԼ׷ǰһƳɣָо̫ˡ
ϢҼǵãϢû뵽󣬾Ȼҳ͵Ϯǡɫ䡣
Ȼղű˲ҲЩ£ǸղһƳĻҲ㲻ȥ
˻ΣԼյӿˣҲʵ̫ˣԼӶԼʧȥġ
ڵѣӣѵ񶼱ˣôء
ŭͻȻ֣һɣöԷڿѪŭҪңҪǵݡ
Щģʱ
ϾȻŷɣȴǹŷ磬ѵĶ֡
ʶһ㣬궯Ķʱ
ܵԼӵ̬һûټ֣ɫȥ֣ŷıֿӦǸǿˣǿԴ뱻ˡ
ѵĻһ⣬Ȼ˻ԴǾѪޱȣȻԴ
˵ѪѪȷʵ㹻졣Ц۹һ˿̰ɫ
ʱƲʱ仯γĸ֡׳ա
ΧüĿн˸˹ȥҪҵŷڡ
һжͽͣȻǿ󣬵ҪҵصĹŷ磬Ҳô׵ġ
ʮ⣬ŷһʯһϢûɢȻϹŴҲҲŷ硣
¾Ƕû뵽ʱĹŷ磬ǲԶĵطֲεĴ˵ʮֱͬǰһ˲Ϣ
ֱ뿪֮󣬹ŷһ̤ʧ
ǣ׹ǵ󡣹ŷҪڽ֮ǰ֡
ˡ
һ۳֣ס˹ŷȥ·
ÿŷƤӶûֱ̧Ӻǳ⡣
α˾ǧ֮⣬ۿڣ˵Լ˼
׷ɱζɡŷٺЦ
ϵѪȻǾµĴսɫЩ԰ףȻǾķѵһ̶ȵı֡
ŮʥʳΪϹŴǸ˺üǿߣͬʱ׷ɱңұɱôǱûʲôÿɳܵġ˵
ޱ飬˵һԼ޹ص飬ǹŷȴܹϴıϢ
Ȼ׷ɱҲЩŭˣԲҹŷ֡
ʲôô𣿡ŷʵ
Щ˲ҪɱңеĻѪҲǵĿ꣬Ӧף콾жѪȤģֻһĺߡۿڣһʵ


1052 С˶
ŷ۵˼ǵ۵ߣȻԹŷĻѪûȤʵ۵棬ΪµĴУҲΪˣǲҪһߵͣʵ۵ۣγһ档
Ȼǻʵռƣ۵û䣬ڹŷǼһ۵ߡ
УһôŷܼᶨŲںʲôֲأ򲻹ܣӮʹǹŷԭ򡣷а׷󣬾ԲܿŹŷ类˸ɵ
ĵŷȻܲ֡
ŷһνӣüͷԥһ£гһɢĹӣֱӸŷ磺ʮųһΣڶ䣬͸ˣҪӦһ顣
ŷֽסȻЦʵʲô飬ֻҪرѰ죬ҿ϶㡣
̬Ⱥܺã͸ղν̬ȫһúЩҧļһǵһμ
ʵЩˣûк͹ŷļһͲ֪Ӧŷ硣
Ҫ֪ǰЩǿߣһ£һǹŷƽϣԼˣȻҪôʵ̫޳ˡ
ˡۿڡ
ŷ΢΢ЩȣɫʵȷҪΪˣҪ֪ҪǰˣϢ϶ڣʱҵˡ
ŷ綼벻۾Ȼľ쳣⡣
иһԼ˵УҪεȴŷ綼Щ硣
ȻΪŷ粻ȥģûǸӣʵ̫ɵһ㡣
㡣ֻ˵һ仰ɫƽȫκηܺǿȻǳġ
ȻǿߣҲûбҪ˵ѡ
ҿʼеϲˡŷӣЦ˵
ߵ۵ߣֱϣӦе״ʱ򣬹ŷ̲סȡ
㵽ڣֱܻһ漣
е״̬ܲмϢҴܣѾΣյĵزԼǵ˥ߵʱ򣬸ͿⲻЩϢ
˷ɵĻ۵ǳ鴤һ£û˵Ȼ֪ԼеȻĻҲùŷ־Լˡ
Ȼ۾ùŷ粻ǳ֮ΣˣվǽԼ͵˱УֻҪǿߣԸġ
ܲƣʵ
û⣬С˶ѣСֵġŷ粻м˵
Сˣ۸ˣϵֻС˵ĻĲ֪ʲôˡ
Ҳû˵ȴŷơ
䡣
ŷ֣ڣһ룬۵Уؾֱû۵嵱УҲ¡¡ڿ죬ջû۵С
¶һĨ𾪵ɫܵԼ״̬Էٺ
ŷг𾪣ǿҽֲùŷղŻ᲻мƶ˵Ĳʲô
ΪԽԽŷܹƵԽԽǿھһˣֻҪ̫أԹŷʵܹΡ
֮󣬻֮£ֻҪ˻⣬Ѳŷ硣
һӵʱ䣬۵ָŷһȻɫһ䣬ֱתܡ
ҲӦ׷Źŷ뿪
뿪֮˹ûп˵Ӱ֮ǶһۣԷеŭɫǶû뵽ŷǵĸоȻǻûг֣˾͸Ͻˡ
ģˣǾһ֣ҲɲʲôвŮʥڣгš
ǸŷݣҽΪߵʱ򣬽߻ħҪ˻һԱߣϵʲô𣿡Ц
Ůʥɫȷʵû뵽һ㡣
ŷҽΪҶҽԿͨ
һˣԱߣˣϵ˺㲻ʲô
ңһҪڹŷҵ֮ǰҵǶ´
Ҳ֣ѰС˵ŷۣǱɱ֮ˡɱ˹ŷΪĻѪɱۣΪķš
Ƕ֪ۼȱϣֽϹŴ񾳽ˣ˵ֱ漣ЩȻף϶۵ʲôĵط
һѾˣȻΪۻ᲻鷳ǲ˼ᶨĳ֣Ҫɱۺ͹ŷ硣


1053 ַ
ĸϹŴȫѰŷۣṩˣȻ͡
ܶ˷ڣѰҹŷ۵䡣
ôĶҪܹŷҳδҲ̫СˣҵſϷ֣¶һĨЦݡ
ֽһײŷ֣Ժɨ£ĴϹŴδܹκǣڴѪţһȾѪʢ硣ʿХ
ͬʱħǳ֣նҲѰҹŷ硣
ǿߣǹŷ۵ĵˡ
Կˣ˾ȻôࡣŷЩƣۡ
۵ɫҲÿûĵ˹ŷһۣԼĵ˱ȽҲǺء
˰ɣȻռˣúƽϣǻôЩ˶ɵɣҿɲһֱ׷ɱŷЩơ
˺ĵز콾һѰǣҪɵǡ
һڹǲɷϣǹŷ·磬Щδز֡
콾Уʲôԭ͵壬ΪΪĵر˶ʲô鶼ܹ
һɱɱǱΪֹһ⣬˵
ǣҪɱǣҪñɱ׼һ۵ˣһʵͬ޵еǿߣΪˡŷЦ
ʧΣûܹǵĴڡ
׼ɱһͬеʿԤƵģһȾѪʢ磬
䡣
ǿըУֵһΰ꣬ƣ˿µϡ
ͬʱһطŷ֣ϻƽ貣ѹһУǿɱ
Щ˶ǽЩˣŮʥ˵׷ߣһֱѰŷǵ䡣
ͻȻɱ˶֪ŷ۳֣Ҫչ
µǿߣЩ侲ǿߣʱҲ侲ֱӷԼ֮ǰĴ㣬ٲ
ϾȻνĽˣҲҪòСŷ۳֣ھˣٸҴǵ⣬ǲ顣
һֳ棬˵ȻϹŴҲ˵Լܹס˵Ļɱ
ʱܶ˵飬ͬˮͷϽһȫԼеͷ
ŷ磬ֳһսһɱ㡣֣أ֮ǰɱУһ׷ߣŭХء
Ҫ֪Ϊ⼸׷ߣ˲֪ʱ䣬ȴһ̲סŭ
ϹŴϱ𶯾ʮأǼµһĻȣɱޱȡ
ŷδ֣Ǹûŭ
ŷ磬ѵǵĵӾôСһսĵӶûУ㻹ǾѪǴ˵еĻѪҿһ硣󺰣ŷ硣
硣ŷ磬٩һ䡣
ŷһۣЦ˵˵̫ˡ
Ǹƨۣ㱻ɱǹһڳΪϹŴ񣬾ΪԼ˲ˣҸ㣬ԶһɱϵĹȣɫࡣ
ŷ纰һһ۱ߡ
Ҫ㣬Ѿɱˣϣ֪ۣɱôǱЦ
۳ױߣŭҳȥɱ쵰
ŷһסۣЦ˵
Ҷáֱѣ˳ȥ
ŷûиȥڰ
ˬʱͻȻܵһӴԼʱһ뺰ˣҲʱ˲ǰ
ˮȻ֣һֱֻ㽫ѹ·磬ɫĮһħһɢűϢ
㲻˵ұɱһһɱǹ磿Į˵ɣȻȻֱ֣Ӵ˶Է塣
Хŭ죬ŭֱۣҪˡԪ𶯣ָʩչҪɱۡ
ϲԶǷϲģʹϹŴҲһЦһְֻȥƣޱȣɣѪȾ񷡣
ֻǶݵĽ棬˶ѾԲ۵Ķ֣ȻϹŴ񾳽磬໥֮䣬սȴܴ
ŭҪ۵ѹƣһжͽ͡
ʮӰ֣߳˹ŮʥЩˣɱأȻȻ֡
ڴʱһħһӰ֣ɱˡ
һ׷߱ԴԪڣ
ŷ֣Ƶʩչһֶϻ꣬סˡǹŷķ֣ףһֶϻ겻ɱˣԶ˽пơ


1054 ɱ
ԹŷݵĶסЩˣԿġ
ЩҪѣŷȣٴʩչһֶϻ꣬Ŵͨһʩչʱ֮ڣҪѣǲܵġ
һУŷԥǱ߳˹ȥ
ɫһۣʹ÷ǳѣټһŷ磬Ƕ֡תҪߣԸϹһ£ҲԸͬʱˡ
תǧ꣬תʱ⡣һС֣˫Ƶʱת
Լϣǰʱˡ
ɫ䣬ܵԼѾϹŴ񾳽硣ҵ˻𣬻ƵҪֹơ
ѾˣʱʵȻѾﵽһףǰ֪ǿ˶٣ϣȻս죬Ҳˡ
ŷ۶һۣ˾ϲǺԥĳ֣ɱ
ֱӴһɨˣȻתܡ
ȻǿߣҲ̫ˣϹŴ𣬶Ҷ콾ɾ͵ϹŴ񣬼ǿߣȻǶ֡
һγ֣ɱһ˵һ޴ջ
쵰Ѵŭɽӡ
Ůʥɫ̫ÿȻǱŵˡΪﵽϹŴ񾳽磬ȻǿߵĶ֣ʲôٶܹǸղԼǰһϹŴɱˣǻ
־壬£һڣǺǹŷˡֲ̫ŷ磬ȻΪûнϹŴ񾳽磬ûгΪߣһʵȻѾϹŴ֮ˡ
Ϲŷͨ˵һϹŴ񶼸Ҫ¡ۣһʱͨǵϹŷǣȻϹŴҲֻĽ
ڸô죿ʵ
ɱҲˣȻŭɣĿʼľˡ
֪¶Ըǣûеô򵥣̫ˡŮʥ˵
ϣûǵĶ֣Ǹŷ磬սҲɲˣȻǻܹ΢ʤһ㣬ͻƵ߾磬ǶͲǶˡʵɫҲÿ
˭ǿߣȻк顣
һһɣҲҹŷǣЩǿߣҲѰҹŷǣҲԽǵҲڣ˵
Ů⣬ʱЩˣԹŷǣһִ־壬ɱˣΪԼҪ
û·ˡʿЦ
ŮʥĬʶۺ͹ŷ£ǿͨǳŵŮʥʱصĲ㡣
ʵĲ㣬༸˶һ
ΪΪϹŴ񣬾ܹۣڿˡղȻԴ۷ǳмǿȷʵӹɵġ
̫ˬˣɱһУ콾ɾϹŴ񣬺ÿϧŷЦʹĸо
ɱһϹŴʵ̫гɾ͸С
㲻Ҫˣǵĵ˲ǣˣЩ˲鷳Ȼ֣Ҫǻˣôסȴûйŷֹۣüͷһǵɫ
ֻ֪Լĵ˵ǶôĿ¡ˣһϹŴ㲻ʲô
˵ҳԿˣֵܶˣҳԿˡŷ翴һۣЩ̾˵
λֵܵͨǿ֪γƺۡʵУһĨ̾
ʱͨ˲Ŀͨÿһӵͨˣ϶Ƿˣ϶ȡúܴĳɾ͡
ֵýύһǿߡ
һףսǿ˿ڵĹŷ磬һּµı֣Խʱۡ
ҽ֪ۣĴҿ׹ġЦţһ޺ӣŷи̣һ޺ǲء
һЩˣ˴˼ΣٴʵûʲôֵýĵطۿЦЩʧ䡣
ʵΪΪϣڵľ磬ѾˣҪһŲϹŴ񾳽磬Ǿ͵һ㡣Ȼ۵սԲֹһ㡣
ִ㹻ѧϰˣҼˡ˵ĺ棬һӡ
û˵һ޵Ĺâ˲ʧֻȴѾ˷ɺˡ
ףкޣ˭˼Σﶼƽġ


1055 ħ
Ǹ˭ŷе棬۴ϼΣȴûɱ˵˭
ɫ䣬һɿֲԹϱĺ⡣
ֲô꣬ΪŽϹŴ񾳽磬бԹ⣬ȻΪеִҲΪΪأִŷ󷢳һȣǷʨӺҲĺĳӣҪѡ
ɫ΢΢Щת˹ŷһۣѵ¶һĨЦݣ㲻õңʵЩҶֻ֪Ĳİ
ȻԹ죬ɫȴ쳣ƽ
ŷ羪ȣסԹȻԹ糱Ҳܿס۵
ùŷˣȻܹԹλΪ˼ʮ꣬ųΪϹŴҪ֪Ҳ۵Ĵ˵֪һ޵е˽ܣ£ǧȻΪϹŴ
˹˷һۣ۵˵ʵҽſʼǰһֱԹĥΪͣ׶Σ޷˿
ΪʲôǿȻˣҲӦԹ޼ʮ꣬ӦûӭѶϣӼᶨŶԡȡ
Ǹĸף֪᲻Թޡ۱۾³һùŷ𾪵Ļ
һֱ۵ǸˣȻ۵ĸסǸ˵еȻϵԼӼΪ
ɱԣնΪһɱеˣԼĶӶҪɱΪֻҵΪ𣿡Ц
ħ
ʲôħŷ羪ȡ
һֲֿħҪɹɱԼˣĸӡӣһкԼйϵˣնɱԼΪϴڡΪŷ͡
ŷͷƤһ飬ȻĹףȻɹֹ޵Σ֮ΪˣնһУͻ졣
ŷĿģҪԼߵˣħֹùŷĴܴ
ɱ游ĸɱĸףɱһˣҪɱңǺǣҺޣһҸļңݻˣ֪𣿲ԸɱңҲʲô֮ģÿһζ˾ңǸǿߣѾɱ˲֪ٴˡ۲Ȼ˵
ŷĬȻϣҲ֪Ȱۡ
һ˼ʮ꣬Թֻ˰ʱ䣬ߵһΪľҪҪڽ£֤ǸʲôƨħʵͲ֮Į˵Ŀᶨ
߸Ҫ²еôףʵѾֱ׷Ͻһħˡüͷ˵
۵޵Уеǻᣬڵ۵û䣬ʵҵһᣬɵۣʷΪǿĵۡЦ˵
ŵ۲Ӱ˵֮䣬֮أڲ֮䣬Իع飬ǳɾ͵۵˵ʷǿĵ˼
ǵ۵ǿߵһᣬ֮ͬУŷ磬ɾ͵۵ǿߣŷɾͻʵǿߣһս»ǲֲ١
ȻҲǵĲ²⣬Ͼŷڻ߾磬ߵһû֪
֪ŷĳɾͣ϶ֹΪ̫ˣעҪɻʡ񾳽磬ɲɱϹŴ˹δС
δ˭˵壬һһֱʲôʱΪֹѵҺܺ棬㵽ʲôӵһˣ۵˵ʹһЩϹŴ񶼲֪㾹Ȼ֪۵Щ档
ʵŷҲ棬Ŀ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ֻһɢޣ֪֮ô飬ȫΪߵ·ˣ֪ľͶˣʵûеءٺЦ
˷ƲƲ죬ȻĻ̫š
ǼԸ˵ҲȣֻЦЦѯʣÿ˶Լܣ˵ĻҲûбҪȡ
ҪôŵɵҲ㣬Ҫɵ㣬ЩҪõŷѪļһϸղЩˣһˣҪǳ֡Ц˵
ЩŷǶ۶һۣԷеĴ㡣
ŷ۵¶ЦɱƵ
ǵԸ񣬶۲ԷԽǿӲǾͷԽȻڶ࣬ȴҲ˵ԡ
ǵɫЩ£Ͱ͵˵ǲҪңҪЩ˶ɵ
˼ĶŹŷˣĻʹˣ˵ʵҪɱһѪɺӣһ£³ƬƬǿ߶Ҫ


1056 նʮǿ
ŷ¶һĨЦɱˣҪɱһˣֱɱΪֹ
Щ˼ȻҪǣȻҪӦĴۡͬŷ˵
̫ˣϲܲܽսƷ֮һЩۣ˷
Ǵɱ䣬ЩսƷٲˣ˵ֱ
Ϊһȥɱ䣬ǱĻͲˡ
û⡣ŷЦˣ֪һﲻһظˡ
Ҳѵõ¶һĨЦݣȻһţȴǱŷ׽ˡ
ú󣬹ŷ֣һɽۣսҪɱˡϢһȥ˻ȻܶǿߺɹЩɱڣһֱɱϢ
ҲЩˣսģ뿪ԶûнӽǸɽ壬Ϊ±
ϾŷǿǶѾ˵ˣϹŴ񣬶ŷɱ˭ҲԼҪ
һȺȺǿߺХأǳɱ
һֵһǻĴ˵еķˣһϢȴΪа˫Ѫ죬Źŷ磬̰
һߣʵǿһԲֱӳֺ֣գֱŷץ˹

ŷ̧ͷſһȣ񷶼ˣǸֱը飬ѪȾ񷣬
˶ȻһΪǿ񣬵ŷһܲסȻˣһֲʵĸоŷ񣬴һĨ֣ڿһµħһ
вǿĸߣһĻ֮󣬶ʱ亹ˣǱҲֵģȴû뵽ȻˣǻƣʱȴңǳֵĻҲͬ˲ᱻɱ
ʵ̫ûмֵˡ
ûе˵ˣ˳һǧ֮⣬Ļɱ⡣ŷĿڣ񷡣
ԣ̺ˡ
ֻмһǧ֮ڣŷ񣬳սɱȻûзĴ㡣
һʮǿߣȫǸߣʵǿѪ죬Χ£ŷΧм䡣
ŷ縺ֶսףûгֻ֣ɨʮǿߣ
ɱ
ʮǿͬʱȣǻ貵Ĺ⻪תŷ¡
ʮߣͬʱ֣ȻһϹŴ񣬶Ҫɫŷȴüķ⣬罣ͣն˳ȥ
ʮȫʮȫɳȥ
ŷһȻûжֻſһ£һӳͣһ˳ȥ
Ǹ߱ɫ⣬սתſµķ䣬ɢǿҪסŷĹ
ꡣ
һ죬Ǹ߱ɫܵһױȵֱӳԼ壬ҽһֱըˡ
һ߱ɱ˺ȻҪ֪ŷʵֶûء
ʮһɫأǴͣ⻪תͨ죬ŷ䡣
ȫǣе״
㣬Ѫˡ˾Щš
Բܣղʮһ֣δ˵ŷ磬ʣµʮһˣܹ˵ŷ磬ǲءһʿùŷᱻɱ
޾ԣҲղΪ˵ֿʮǿߵĹѾƣˣϾŽףʮӲҲ̫װɡ
˶ֻۣǳֵʮһɫأѾܵŷδܶûˡ
⻪ɢȥŷȻվɽۣĵطѾڣֻйŷڵɽۣһ鶼ûС
ɫƽ˫ȴӡתԷѹȥ
ʮһߴȣǺ赲ŷĹ
䡣
סǹŷȴˣ̤񷣬һŲڣһߵϣԷ飬ֻ֮һѪ

ŷٳ֣ѪնһѪ⻮Ʋ񷣬·𽫲춼ˡ
߱ŷնԪݳҪߣȴŷһֻץסֱ顣
ʣµİǿ߱ɫŷǿƣû뵽ģŷ罫ĿԼͶɫȻתܡ
ڰ˴ǿߣʵû͹ŷһսˡ
𶯣ŷ绮Ƴգֱӽһײ飬һʩչǿ߾нȻֱ֣ɱ
ʣߣʱȴ·˵һķӡ
ŷЦֱ˺գûУһһʬڹŷʧĵطͷһѪȻֱӴɢԪ
ˣ½ŷץ˻Ȼȫɱ


1057 ŷ类Χ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ŷɱʮǿߣ˶𾪡ʶŷʵ̫ˣǵ󣬿ƾ춯ء
ŷ»صǸɽۣĿƽ·𿴴գңԶĵط
ǿΧ£һ߰˰ˣѡŮʥˣҲпŷ׷ɱЩǿߡ
Ŀ˸⣬Ȼŵˣ߰˰ˣŷȫΧסһӴݣһ˶ҪɫˣϾϹŴа˾ˣҶ콾ɾ͵ϹŴʵǿᡣ
ʱЩȫΧסŷһˣһɫŷ񣬳ɱ
һȺɵƣƾǣҲɱҡŷ翪ڣƽǸûʶԼ
ı֣ΧɱŷˣЩľǱܵľ쵽Щãŷܿк֡
뵽о裬ֻҪֲԣǻڵһʱ뿪
Ͼŷֲɵӣز϶ûŶԡ
ŷ磬㲻ҪˣڼٸΧס㣬ǿߣӡЦ˲м
̫߹ˡŷ絭˵
仰͸ģҲ̫߹ԼˡЦѾΪϹŴ˽ĲˣŷҲм
ȻˣԼڹŷгԿһ㱻ɱΪԼΪϹŴ񣬹˷ɶ벻Լ֡
һսɱһֻϡŷ粻м񣬴ıġ
ŭ˳תҪŷ֡
䡣
һˣֵĲǹŷ磬Ůʥ
ѪǴҵģ˶̣ŮʥЦ
ƨԻѪһ뷨ûУҪﱾŭԻѪһ뷨ûУֻɱ˹ŷ硣
һ𣿡Ůʥɫ
ŲʲôϵҿȸһˣҪ𣿡
ܸ߰Ůʥˣʿȸһ壬Ǹ߰ģοһˣΪ߰Ŀȸ
ĻŮʥɫһŭɭȻ˵ҪΪȸһӴ󣬾ܹҵȣϽ֮Уȸһ壬ǿ
ҿȸһ壬ȴԸ㡣Ц
ŮʥһƣĲһҪߡ
ȸһţŲҳȥһ壬ǿȸһ塣Ц˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѿһ࣬ʵǳǿһǿȸһǿ塣
ΪҪǣһһİ˴ֵҲᶯ֣ȸһȻԲŴĶ֡
˵˿ȸһ壬ʲôԣʵ
ˣһΣΪǿ޷ˣһ衣߳վڿһߡ
ȸһ壬ϽѲ࣬ԭΪ̫ˣһȴһеܺãһ£˲䷢ܶǿߡ
ǲɱŷ磬뿪Ҫǰ¡Ҳڣ࣬Ƿһ㣬ö֮
һ֮ص飬ҲҺ˵û˵ĵطһȥûһϧ˵ʵ񣬼ֱڿһ
ʴŭε֮ŭ⣬վûз
֮£ŮʥǻҪơ
ǿߣǷͻһ¶һĨЦİϹŴ󶼸ϰٸǿߣ졣
㲻Ҫ̫֣Ҫˣﲻ棬ֻһ֣˭ԿЦ
΢΢ɫȻҲڵľƣ·磬ķͻĻԿĿ϶ǡ
뵽һû˵
ڰŷЩʧż˵ôˣҿˬء
һˬģһȺΧһһˬЦ
֣ʱܹѳȥһ
ŷֱӶһָֹӲϲˣˬûˡ
ŷ罫ĿתŮʥˣٺЦС椻࣬Ȼòһ㣬ڻŮ
òһ㣿Ůʥ˶ɫڣڼòӳڣһֱ׷⻹ǵһ˵ǳòһء
ɱһĿ𣬶ڹŷϣһҧгݵӣҪӹŷϿһ
ҪңǾǰңҲϲǵģϾǳʵǲҵҪ󡣡ŷֹ󣬵ڳ˶ܹʱ˵ɫЩ졣


1058 ɱϹŴ
ŷ磬ŮɫĮҪӹŷҧһ⡣
粻ضɱңҪɱңǲܵġŷЦ˵
Į֣һպգɢſֲϡѹ磬ѹŷɱȥ
ʱûΪҲãŷʵ̫ˡ
׳ա
ŷ粻мһȭֻǰۣȻ꾭𶯣ޱȣڳ˶һ궯ҡʸˣһ£ȻֻغϣըϹŴѪȾ񷣬һӴ䡣
ˣ
ۣĿɭȻޱȣڹŷϣ˿µɱ
ŭȣڣǿŷ硣
Ůʥ̤ȥ˫ݻϷһµӰŷɱȥ
ŷüָһɽһ𣬺ЩӰѣ໥ײȫ顣
ͬʱ֣պգѹ£ڳлУա
ŷ΢΢ɫŲĹԣ죬ɫѪγһͷɨ졣
䡣
ŷԺˣһ˿ѪһӲλϹŴ֣ܵһ˺
ŷתܿ콫޸üķ⣬罣ննǳâޱȡ
Ůʥɫһնϣǿһ㽫նΡŷһ֣ٴʳ֣¾ս˻ħʬǳˣǿֱӽ飬ٴѪȾ񷡣
һ˴սϹŴ񣬾ȻռϷ磬ŷ̫ˡʿǰһУǸо˼顣
ͬǿߣһжǹŷ粻ŽףȻϹŴѹ·磬ʵƾˡ
ŮʥӿޱȣǶŹŷ磬Ůʥڣŷ磬ȻѪ𣬵Ǹղ̶ֳȵĹҲò˶ٴΣҪ㡣
ѡ
ŷȣһֶϻʩչŮʥҽһ˺С
顣
ŷٴʳ֣ʸոջָ壬ֱӱ飬ԪЩˡ
˶Ŀɿڴŷʵ̫ˣȻٴνϹŴ飬ͨʵ̫ˡ
ŮʥָԶڹ쳣أս½㡣
ŷ񣬳˿µɱ
ǴһزŷǼµʿȻ۶Ȳϡ
ŷ磬Ǻ֪㻹ܳŶã߳˵
˶ܹŷɫ΢΢Щף΢΢Щ
Ȼղһ֮£ŷȻ˾޴սһʵȴĵļΪأڵʵԶԶȲϸղˡ
ĻŷЦ˵ŲţֻҪٿһ㣬Ҽʹɱ㣬ҲϹŴ񾳽硣
˻һɫʱֹס˽Ųǰ
һ֣˶¶ЦݣΪһϹŴ񣬵СһزҲˡ
İϹŴǶһۣȻһ̤ǰһЦһŽףҲҳףɱ㡣
Ŀ˸һǿš
İϹŴмĿ˿һۣЦһȻڸղſΪоܲм
üȴʲôû˵ֻǺ˻ȥ
ʱĹŷ磬һֺܿµĸоûǰǵСʵϵСҲɲϹŴ
ŷ̾
˵һ仰ŷˡϢ˲ȻȻ֡˳ȥֱǸϹŴϡ
ǸϹŴһ仰û˵ֱӷɻ
һɱһϹŴ˶ɴ۾һΪԼ˻þҪ֪ǿһϹŴ񣬲һèȻͱɱˣȫǵ
ޱȣղҺ˻ȻĻˣ¾ˡղŹŷһ죬ʵ̫ˣܵĿ־塣
ɱһϹŴ񣬹ŷЦȴڲеķѵ˼㡣
ܡһϹŴŭ˳ŷɱ˹
졣
ŷٴδȣǸϹŴһתͶȥһȴ֣ŷȴûʩչղֿµ
ϹŴıӶһˣԼĵܵܣڶԷϣԼˣˣֱ̡
Ҫ𡣡ǸϹŴŭٴŷ˹
Ҫɱ𣿿ϧûǸͣʮɷ󡣡ŷȡ
ŹŷĻһ䣬ʮħ֣˲ħסˡ


1059 ɱǿ
ȴʮɷ󣬸ϽȥȣΪϹĴУִ֪Ŀ¡
Ӱ֣ۺ˹֣ͬ߶ħǿ
ڹŷ磬ʮħڻ£˳˴
УʮڿٻָԼ
˰ٶǿߣһУʱħȻֻ磬ĳЩ˵ʵϳԽϹŴɴۺ߶֮£ӿ¡
Ҳɱ̫㣬Ϊħʵ⣬ЩǿҪ˺ѴǺġ
ǴʱĥЩǿߣһŷٻָУʮɷӿ¡
䡣
һħУһѺۣһħ飬һ̣ħۣ޷ɱ
ᣬ֣ɱЩɷɵħ
ϹŴеڳеںħսͷħɱЩǿߡ
ǿʵħħȴɱǺηĹ֮£ЩϹŴǿ˲ء
̵ܶʱ䣬Ǳϰ˱ɱһѪȫûħ֮УħϢǿʢ
ȻδͻǴʱħʾµһ档һѪնոЩߵ
һ˲䣬һʮ߱ɱ˶ɫ
ʹЩϹŴ񣬶ܵ޴вǶһۣھˡ
һ֣ȥѿڣϹŴ񶼵ͷ
ϹŴ֣ͨ죬ʮħըʧҲˡ
Ҳһ̣ŷһסۺ˲뿪
ħһ˲ʧ
Ǵŭŷ뿪ķ׷˹ȥʱ䣬Ƕûпŷǵټʱùŷˡ
ʱ򣬺ܶ˶Ѿףһƭ֣ŷǹʵѾ˴󣬼ۺţڹؼʱ̱ɱǲˡ
˰ٶǿߣɱж𣬻һϹŴ䣬ѪһƬȾѪɫԹ졣
ŷ磬ɱĲΪˡǸܱܵŷɱϹŴɽӣ˶ˡ
һ̣ɫӰ֣ΧסȻȻ֡

ϹŴŭ⣬վǵס˼˲ɱ
һϹŴ񱻻ɱһУŷ롣
䡣
ӰƿնǰһĻ֮ɫࡣ
һϹŴ䣬ЩֺޣϾǵʵҲͺ͸ղȥǸ˲࣬ڹŷǵУ˾ȻѶ˲䣬ͱɱˡ
Լô뵽̲סһ
˶һۣڣλŷЩʵǿӦһǧܱơ
˵ʵʵ̫ǿˣЩ˵ǣֻĽҲĻһ𡣡һϹŴ񣬽ɶ࣬࣬ǿߣɫȻһǵɫȻҲǱŷǵǿ𾪵ˡ
ͬǵ顣˵
Ҳͬ⡣ŮʥҲ档
ȻûʵԴɱ֮Ѿ;ԼһˣʵûаȫУ˽ˡ
վУ˵ͷȻҲͬ顣
һϹŴ񣬺ԥͷʵǳڣղűɱǸˣһʲô飬ʵ̫Σˡ
˵Ҫ˵ģǵһ
ãλϹŴֻ֣ҪСģҲϵˣҿŷ绹ôǳ֡Ц
Ҳ¶һĨЦݣȻҲԼһ𣬿ԲõĹŷˡǵ£Ҳ˲١
ϹŴһǿߣֻһϹŴ㹻ˡ
ǹŷ֪ϹŴ񣬼ٸߣԼųˣ֪ӦĿɿڴӦԺ
ʱĹŷˣһɽڷջһЩ
ⶼħģɱЩ֮ǵľѪͶˣЩνĵرЩǿߵղأ˵һôûУħֱȫ˳
ٶߣһϹŴղأжٶֱһ֡ÿ˶ֵ˺ܶĶЦ۾ˣ˷ܵ˼㣬Ӽᶨغ͹ŷһˣܻøĶ


1060 ʦ
ŷǶž޴ջۺˣѡһЩϺĶǹŷ֮ѡĵر
֤ûʲôƿֻҪʵﵽΪܹȥ
ٸһƱġŷٺЦ
ûʣٶǿߣɱˡҲڣо˸
ǵĻ䣬һ𣺡ûлˡٸǿ߽Χ£м䣬ͷŵӡ
ڲǰһսУʧ٣ͷŵĵӣȻϹŴ񣬵пµʱ֣סеĹ
ʱҵǣٸǿߣΧסɱ죬ȱ֡ɢϣ̫һ㣬âҫۡ
ȻŷǶܴµѹɫʱ
ôˣ𣿡ŷ罫Ŀۡ
û⣬Ǳۿڣն
ŷٶǿΧסȻҲûߵİասоԷǲǹŷҲҪ˲ԷİΧҪһ㲢ס
Թŷ綼ûаܹӳȥΪߣսܹ
ӻûлء˱죬һƵӡ
Ǳڵ⣬ȴû뵽һ̾˾
ŷɫ粻ڿʲô
ǲˣôΧסˣۣҾҪʼɱвŵӴЦ
׳ա

һǾ֪˭ǰ׳ˣǵڡЦŹŷǡ
ֵܣа취𣿡ʵ
ҲųĬĹŷ磬һϣı顣
ŷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼͷһᣬɹˣǿ϶ӳȥ
ŷĻһϲһܱûǿ
ʩչɡ۶̲סߴ٣ùŷʩչֶΣʹʧܣҲһԡ
ŷɫ΢΢֣һ£һֺµĸоȻ˾ŷ糶ɤӴ󺰵ʦ
Ŀɿڴ۶û뵽ŷ羹Ȼľٶ
򲻹˺ʦ̫ˣѵΪԼСӵʱ
˵ʦ㺰ʦҲûܹ㣬ȥɡŵӴЦŷ˳
ҲǵĻ䣬һɫӰǵȻ󻮳һûȥ
˹ŷǣŵˣһëȻĸоǸоԼǱһϴڵˣǸϴڣһˡ
ʦˡһ𣬰׷̳֣ô첻׷ԵøɲˣһֻֻӶڳŵȫɫŰ׷̣ڿһħ
˶ܹоǲˣжˣ׷̵ļһȻܹӵǶʧȥжҩ
׷̳֣УͽǷʦһ顣׷Ц˵ߵ۵ǰۣе档
۵ӦǶŵ۵ĹԸСЩܵίʵ̫ˣҪй²ô򵥵顣׷ֻǿһۣ㶴Ϥеܡ
𾪣׷Щм񣬴ʱҲ֣
СӵأǸطɣ֮󣬰׷ԵЩȣȻһ˽⡣
ǵģֻһͨʿ϶˰׷̵Ĳ²⣬ð׷̵ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǸطȻǻߣӡһʱǸطѾˣȴûбûܵĴ
ԭΪģֻΪǸطǿʵ̫ˡ
ͨʿ㵱ͷۻ軨Ǹط߳ʿһͨģСӼȻһͨʿҾͲҴˡ׷̺ٺһЦ
¶һĨмɫҲûж˵
ǹŷȴһܿµĵطð׷̶йעˡҵһΪ˼ɵ˵ĸܣԾûнҴ
׷ΪǾ֮࣬ӵĺˡ
ٺ٣Ҫңʵ˧ҲҵĴǧҪϲҰŷЩ𾪵ĶԼЩ˵
һ̣˳ȥŷˣԼĽ˻ɫƽһʲô΢һ
һ߲ҽУ쵰ҪҪҵˡ
װ߱ر򡣡ŷЦ˵
ͬС۵Ļ
̲סһۣ˵װƣǱҪװơŷͻϻ


1061 
׷ֹסǵЦ֣ȻĿŵһˣЦʵôǣ
ŵһЩţļһöˣƵ˼㡣ͬʱЩ˻𾪣Ȼжܹ˺Ϊˣֱ˼ˡ
ʵǲ֪׷̵ݣȻĻ϶ᾪˡ
ΪһĻߣҵһЩܹߣʲô£վĸ߶㹻ߣ㹻۽ͼʶ
ǡ˵
˾ȣŷͰ׷ǶЩ˼顣
˭Ҳû뵽۾ȻľЩŵ˷ŵˣѵΪЩ˾ͻж
ҪֻˣȻնˡۿڣ¡¡ɱ֮⡣
ⲢǷŹԷֻкޣ֣նɱԷ
۶ţ˵Ǹף죬ȻҪԱ
á
׷̿ڣһֻһӣŵЩӣоһɣ˵ʱָˡ
ŵĵӴͷĿ¶׹⡣
ǵɱ⡣׷Ц
ĻһڣЩ˱ɫղŵһĻǰЩĶŰ׷̡ղǺ޷жˣĲҳ֣¸ղŵ飬ٳһΡʱ۾Źǣˡ
ЩڽɱĿһۣ˵Ĵ£ת뿪
ĿԶϲǵϣֱǳʧ
ˣҲɣȥһö׷Ц˵
׷̵Ļ˵۾˲֪׷̵ʵǹŷô׷ȴǹŷʦ˵ʲôٰ׷̱ȹŷ
Ϊڴ֮ǰǴδŷʦȻʦġǰ׷ֻȹŷһ㣬϶ʦ
ʵϣڰ׷̵ǰȻϹŴ񣬵ȴܹܵһѹһִĸо
һλ߶λߵѹΪһϹŴڰ׷ǰȻһλߣЩȻ
˿еĺöȻĺöˡ
ʲôŷ̲סʵ
ϵݣݡ׷̿һۡ
ŷûʲô仯˵ɫȴױˡ
кϵݣ

ȫ̲סʵ
һۣ׷̵ͷЦе˵ֱǸ׼ģݣͽá
Ҿܹڰ֮ڣΪо˸
ϵݣô꣬ڳˡҲ
ףϵݵʲôŷʵ
׷ЦеĿһۣȻ󿪿ڣܹˣԪԴ׵ںһԱϵݣЩ˱رĶ
ŷ𾪣֪ˣòֻлʲһˡ
ǿ˹ŷ뷨׷ЦǲŻʲǸСһأʵûһ˿ʶǧ˵Щǿĵزʬ岻࣬ȥڵļ춼ĨȥȻ޾֮󣬿ڹһԭֻʵǿˣܹһ㡣
ȥڣһŷɴ۾ǿʲôزȻĶСӣһﵽжѵȻ߶Ҫˣ
۲ɫˣ𺳵ĶСӡһǿߣֻΪȥڹδܸʵʵ̫ˡ
ᣬĲ
ǲҪôңȻ֪һǿߣһδԭֻҵٵ磬Ҳܹһһ˿ǰͨ߼䡣СӿЦ
ŷ۽Ŀ׷̣֤ЩѾŷǵⷶΧˣǸ޷١
Ҳһﵽ߾磬ܹһΪͻƵһµĵزҲһЩǿķʵ̫Σˣһδɳ֮ǰɱһΪ׻ˮӴʧ֮䣬ȻǵʶԸⳢԡ׷Ľ͡
ŷŵͷûƣЩ϶ַϾ֮󻹻
Һʶһ˲ĴԺһҪҡŷԴǿĵͷۻһ˹ȥ
ҧгݣҪǳΪˣһȽ㱩һ١
ȴͻȻЦ˵ҿȻΪ˻ߣһֻҪŷɻʣδܹ


1062 ֻ
һ£ȻЦ˵⵹ǣȻûǰļ䣬ܹԼоǹŷı̬ȻǰҲȫûУŽɱϹŴ񣬿ǰ붼롣
ǰ࣬Ӧò٣һֻؼսᣬ콾֣־ҲȻ־ǰǿ߶Ĺأŷδ޵еģԺ󽫻Ⱥ˸ֻ֣ؽ֮ǰĻԻ͡׷˵
ֻؽʲôŷʵ
飬Ͻ粻һƬ磬Ҳ֮ؿ׷̿Ц
ʲôŷǶ𾪣ⲻĩ
֪һʱʱ꣬ǽһʱôôݣ۾ȡ
һۣ׷̽͵һʱʵһεļµʱԲŻô̵ʱ䣬ֻصһʱսᣬȫʧȻǿߣҲֻؽʱĨɱѡ
ҺеӡӦһʱˣһ˶սˣ𣬵ʵı裬ȫˡԺһ棬̲ס˵Ҫʱһͷϡ
ըԪ񶼲һˡ
𶯣ָɫ
ֹ̽Ѱһʱ鱻˵
£ԻѯԼļ䡣
Ҳ˵ҲҪˣһʱһĨɱŷɫŹ֣üͷŲ죬мȵĲʡ
ôʱ䣬Ϊ˳Ϊ˵پߣΪԼˣһȣԶá
ǹŷȴ֣ԼŬĵͷܻΪ̸ֻؽһжĨɱ˶Ӳʶ˱裬ĻŬʲôô
㵹ǲõģٰ꣬ĨɱῪʼֻһЩ󡣡׷˵
ѵ޷ֻءŷɫޣбһſֲս⡣
۵һŷôǣʵı裬ĩ·ǶΥ棬ƣǺεġ
׷ɫδ䣬˹ŷһۣһɸ̾ͲɣʦҲֻأȴĨɱǰǸʱļеǿ߶ܵ㣬Ҳʱ档
ŷ𾪣һδĨɱȻʦġ
ı⣬Բˣ»ΪǴƴֻأԲ߳·ȴʧˣȴľˣ棬ȫᣬֻѣջӡˡ
ǰ׷ǿߣΪ»ߵʦӡˡ
ǾǣⲻΥüʵ
˭˵ⲻΥֻ֪أǿ߿ȻʧˣȴδûϣĳЩֻУһɹˡ׷о˸
ˣνĴֻأҪԼˣʲôʲôȻ־Ҳ졣ŷսڣγһֲɱȥ
УʲôµĴһ㣬һ־٣һ׷̺ԥ˾ӡ
ڴʱһ޴£ڱգȻ
һƬȫʧȫ
ŷǺȻǰ޵һƬ𺳵˼㡣
ʲôŷʵ
һӡ׷Ц
ʲôŷǵɴ۾һµĴڣڰ׷̵ĿУȻֻһӣôӣжôǿ
նֻϧձһ˿飬޾֮һѾָԭΪ׷ü
ŷȻ⣬׷ƽ˵Щ飬ڻ֪ʱֻҪףԲƽŪһֻؾͻǲܷҪһĿ

ŷͷѯʡ
սڣΣŷ粻ñԼˣ죬Ҳһ
ʲôƨֻأҪҪ졣
ŷսŨг֮ơ
ԺҪԿ죬δﵽ߾ʱǧҪ˵Ļ׷̶ŷ硣
û⡣ŷȻӦղֿµľһ𺳣ֻʵֲ̫ˣܹĨɱŷ硣
Ҳһ׷̿һۡ
˶һۣȫͷ
ˣȥڳɣʱǺһ֣һޣ쳣ǿһҪڼ̵ʱ֮ڸɵ׷˵
һ˶һ㶣ȻͷƤ飬û뵽νҩȻһ޵Ŀ¡


1063 ս
бһۣ׷ЦЦǲң
ôңʦߣɶµġŷ粱һ죬Це˵
˹ŷһۣ׷̺ٺЦ˸ǣǸҪǶԸһҪǣסޣȥȡ
׷̵Ļ۵۾ֱˡϼεȻ֪ǶôĿ£ʵȻ콾ɾ͵ϹŴ޷⡣
߸ŲһĴڣһΪһֻϹŴеĲԶ׼
ʦ㲻ȥŷɥ
˹ŷһۣ׷ЦʦʲôˣİɲȥģֻҪǲסǸްϢʱ䣬ҾܹЩȡ
Ϣ
˶һۣԷеء
ȻˣҲû̫ţϾһޣһĶҪסްϢʱ䣬еôס
ĻǾˣҲҪҪΪѰҵġ׷˵
ʵʲôòΪֻһһ˿֣ΪΪǷԭֻڸ߾硣
κʥƷ˵õġ
ͬ⡣۵һڣе¶˾ġ
Ҳͬ⣬ûкϵݣҪԪԴںһ𣬲֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ͬ⡣Ҳͷ
ֻйŷһˣԥ׷̽ĿԼŷʼ磬Ҳֻͬˡ
һӣð׷Щƣһһ˹ȥ
ŷ翴׷̵ͼ˸ۣ˵ʦǶǣ޹ңͽҲһкܶŮأҪǹˣЩͽϱĵġ
İɣһչǵġ׷ƤӶ̧
ŷɫڣô׷̵ĻôôŤء
˵׷һ˹û˵СܲҲ룬Ҫûаգʦһȥð𣿡
һɸֵı飬һҪԵŷ硣
ŷ˹ȥٺЦʦаվУͽҾͷˣߣޡ
緢һηӣ˿Цá
Ҳ֪ŷ粢ǵСֻǣңȻһಫ
׷һ¶һĨɫ
˻ĵ⣬һεĵط˹ȥ
һɫǽĻǰ棬Ű׷ֱӾͳ˽ȥ
ǰһ䣬ܰ磬ǲɽһһ磬СбԿٳ˾һͷޡ
ðݣʦ޺ò˵óǼҩݵˡŷٺЦ
۾ȴ䣬ΧȻ˵ɡ
ﰲͣȴ˿µɱÿһأ̺žɱһ
ðȥԡŷٺЦ˳ĵӣǸһûС
ƻСһ׷ֹ
Ҳһ̣ŷ֣¾ֱӴ˳һɽضϡһͷգϳһµѺۣѪһ
ɱ
˲˳ͷ֡
һޣδȴĵߵһֲĵزԽ
֪ɣޱ޼ʣһֻɫצҪŷǻɱ
׷ʧ֪ȥ
ŷһ֣
䡣
µĲŷǺɳȥһѪֱ˳ܵ˴ˡ
ǺȻĶһۣѾķǳˣǴʱŷ֣ԼСޡ
Ȼ֣Ҳڵһʱ䱻ɡ
ϰϢʱ䣬ƽʱǿָһ˲䣬ȴһַǳĸо˶һۣǶԼûܹԷϢ
ǿߣȻ¡
ɱ
ŷĿɭȻ˺Ѳ񷣬һɱ⣬Ǭתʮ𶯣һɿµɱ
ɫХһɿµùŷһĿɭȻƽѪ죬һֻߵ
ۡ
ŷ֮ͷ޿赲ֱںɫ˺ѳһ˿ڣѪ£ޱȡ
һ̣ŷɳȥ嶼ըˡһɫϢУѪȾ񷡣
۽ų֣ǹŵ۸գǧпµϱ˫ֽӡһ쵶£նɫ
䡣
ɫϱһ˵Ĺâס쵶Ȼããٲһѹ䣬ѹ·һѹ
ۼȱվ˳һƣϢһ̣ķѣֻʣԪС


1064 
֣תʱ⣬ϡ
ֱӱĴͨ˫ĿѪ浹¡
µˣ˶ǿֲ콾ȴסһһӴȫˡ
𡣡
ŷ𣬶һֶϻꡣ
ǿµ鷢ˣһֶϻϣֻһѪۡ
ʵϾôľ磬ֲͨࡣȻŷʩչͨҲһ޷ɻԵĴ
ŷͬʱҲŭˣﲻ֪ɵɨŷɳȥײ˴С
ػޣգ
ŷɫ嶼ҪըˣٱһҪ
ʶһ㣬ŷϽһߺƹȥ
ۡ
ŷٴը飬ԷɨУ嶼ըˡ
µĴڣŷ翰޵еսʱҲˣԷѹŴһ㻹ֵûС
ѹ
۳𣬵һ֣أͷС
ͬʱҲ֣лڰ֣µĹâҪȥ
Ҫȥŭ磬綼·Ҫˡһʮ

ŷֱۣʹýԼʵȻ˳ȥ
һֶϻ꣬Գ档
һ޴֣УáеĹ⣬Ҳϡ
µľ֣ʱնˣͷʧǱ͵ңԶĹŴ
Լ֮䣬ŷ翴һǹȥпµ棬ضˡ
ȻһȻŹ˶ʮϢҵʱ䣬ȴǹһ꣬ƣ˼㣬ҶǻѪ
ڽˣڿϢһ
Ϊɵʱմ飬ʱյһӰ֣ΰˣĿɱ졣
ʲôŷǱɫôҲû뵽ȻôʱڳڲŹ˲ʮϢʱ䡣
ǶΣϢȴûб仯ĿɭȻڹ˷ǵϣһɿֲɱֹ
֡
ŷǺԥٴγ֣һµǿߣ˭Ҳҷɡ
ִֹͨȥĴЦһ𶯣죬Щͨȫ顣
ȻһֻŷֹȥҪѹ
졣
ŷпµĹ⻪һٴγ֡
ǼΪµϢֹȥǻߵ޵ֶΣ˾㤡
ȻĴ󺺴ʱҲɫڹŷһУܵµвԥĴֱӱƵУһƬ磬·ܲסÿһϢѹ䣬ǳն䣬ȫԴľϢ棬䡣
Ĵ󺺴һ߷µײ
ۡ
ŷ³һѪ˺ɳȥ
ĿɭȻڴ󺺵ϣ¶һ˿
ѡ
ŷǳ֮⣬֮ϡޱȣѪڣŬһ
µƱһ
üһľĸоڹŷʹõ棬ܵһǿѹԣһϵĿ־塣
ǣ֮оŷͷ
ֻлߵָܹͨоʵ¾ʩչʱѾֲ²ˣֻǻҿ϶
ϾŷΪʵ̫ˣΪּˣܹʹûߵĽʱȷʵС˹ŷ磬ŷʹõıǻߵͨ
µĸоҲˡ֪ɣ޴ÿһƬۼ׶ڷ⣬ͷŲĹԣȻһŷĹɱȥ
ŷɫ԰ףʵһгѣͲȫôΪóٷ֮һˡ
ŷ级ȻκԥԼɲٷ֮һͨ˳
ײһ𣬱ڵĹŷ磬ȴһ˵
ٷ֮һĳѣȻסĹȻȻпµϢն˹ѾӰ쵽ŷˡ
䡣
޴ײŷķ˳ȥ˵ȫһѪ⣬κΡ
Ԫת죬ԼеƸ޸ˡ
ٿǱߣͬܣϳֿµѪۣһλһϳء𾪺ŭӶڹŷϣɱͿ񱩡
Ȼŷشŭˣԡ


1065 һ
ŭٴλΣȻǸ󺺵󡣴ʱޱȣɱͬˮһŷӿٴα顣
ղʹѣŷܵ˿µķɣϺײʱĹŷ磬صĲ˼飬ԪЩˣҪʱһ
ʱϢٴν٣ŷܹסһ㱻ɱ
䡣
ʱҲ֣˫ݻһŮ֣һҪǵʵȻϹŴ񾳽磬ҹŷܹܵЩŮսԸߵĿ¡
ЩŮɴϣõ֡ȴûо쵽ֱӽЩŮ˹ȥ
ü۾ŮгһƬȡԱͷʵɣҲޱȵӣ꣬ȻЩֹˮŮ֮󣬻еѳֲס
ҲһʧʱЩŮȫը飬µɫ
û뵽⾹ȻЩŮʽԱ
ǿЩŮʵϺһϹŴ࣬һʮϹŴԱȻЩסѪǧٿס
𡣡
֣Ҫͷ

ͷ𣬼Ǳˡ
ŷһȻͬһֱץҩŽ˿УȻָԼʵ
ʮϢʱ䣬𶯣ٴιȻһģ۾Ѫ죬ˣɱ⡣
Ϣʱ䣬жʮϢŷǶͷðˣڼɽˮղȻһЩҩʹǹŷ磬ô̵ʱڻָ
ͷѾˣûа취ֻܼȥ
ŷ칥ضڰǳܲסһеĴ󺺣һ޾Ϣ˵Ĺȫ˻ȥ
ˣϷʹ˽Ƕȥɡͷ𣬻ϢޱȣùŷǶһĸо
ϹŴȫһ̫ڿˡͬǿߣѿ⡣˲ǹͬͷųԼϢͷ
ȻˣǻǸܵµѹ˶һۣ֪ͷһ㱣ˣȫſϢǳ֡
ʦɱŷͻȻһ
һŷѾˣʦܹвǿߣĴ󺺣ʶĻͷһۡ
ʲôڵʱһֱŪĸоŭĶŹŷ磬ͷŭ࣬ҲˣҪɱ㡣
ŷȴ·ûиܵͷŭЦе˵ʦڳˣͽҲñ۸ˡ
ƭңŶûУ̫޴Ц˵Щ⣬ΪԼŷĿģоˡ
ɫŹֻ֣йŷкٺһЦ
ʱһ𣬵˭ƭ㣿ѵҲʸΪʦ𣿡
׷̳֣ޱ飬Ȼδ쵽
Ե׷̵֮ͷĻƬˣǱŵáûһܹͻȻ󣬲һ㽫
תͷоһɿֲԼϣ̲סһֱ˹ȥ
һһŷ緢ģԺ˭˵׷ֻһߵĻ϶һƳԷ߶͵һزˣϹŴ첻
뵽׷̵ı壬һߣŷҲ͸оˡԻߵľ磬߶߾ķܹǿʲôز¾һ֪
Ұ׷ڵʱ䣬㹻ľԶҲбֶҲ˵
۰׷ʲôӵı֣ʵò֡
һ׷һˣϣȻЦе˵ɹˡ
ŷǴϲҲʱ壬ʼ
Ͻߡ
׷һסŷǣֱӾͳ磬ǻһʧһ̣һͷֲ˳΢΢ӦһȻ׷˹ȥ
ʦǸʲôҪӣɵǸѪǴ󲹰ŷЩ˵
ǳԵһͷŷ粻ܹ߾磬пֱӳΪߡϾһͷѪ⾫ǶôĿֲ˭Ҳ˵ǿ󣬾Ե޾ȻԹŷھȣҲ˺ܳʱġ
Ҫͻȥ˸ǣղַֻϢһģѾò˵ڶ飬ֻҪǱ׷ϣ͵ɡ


1066 
׷̵ֻŷ˵ֱӽٶȼӿˡ
ǣҲ롣ǿɲһСĽԼˣ鷳ˡ
һһ׷ǲ֪˶ٵľ롣֪׷ЩãȻʱ򣬲ǰͷ׷ɱ
Ĳʵĺŷһղʮ죬üβһ㱻׷ϡ
֪Ǳͷ˵׷ϣʲôӵһԺòˡ
ûˡ׷Ҳһ
ʵȻɱͷĻҲҪĴۣսᡣ
ڰ׷˵һòʧ顣ĿģʲôɵҪҵõܡ
֮ǰԲ¡
ʵǹŷʵʺҩ׷ǲðյġ
ǰҴû뵽ǿߣȻ˿ֲʩչ˸ͨشͷۺڣҾˡŷ¡
һֶϻ꣬ǿޱȣûʧ֣ͷǰȴʧˣֵ˵ͷǿ
磬ϹŴеߣ˼Ѿ˵ǳȻˣ쳣ǿ󣬳ǻܹǣʵʿ֮£ȻϹŴ۷սеٮٮߣһδһĵ֡
ԹŷǱܣһֱȻ׷̴ûܹ˺Էܹһ㣬ʵŷҲˡ
ǻˣ˵˺ǳסϣҲһǳѵ顣
ǵսǴȥԾˡ
ǵĶǡ׷̺ٺЦݸŷһһӶ
ϵݡݣһȫݸ˹ŷǡ׷ȴûһ᲻õӣʵǷֲЩνĵر˵ֱΪõĶ
Ұ׷̵ı㹻ǿ󣬸ͲҪЩȻٶһٱֶڰ׷̵ΪҲûκá
԰׷̲Żô󷽣ҹŷΨһͽܣˣǹŷѣлһЩԭ򣬰׷Ȼġ
лǰ
л
ͬʱл׷̱Լл⡣
׷̺ٺһЦ˿⣬ˣûҪлԼΪǹ˷ɵѣһЩԭֻʱ˵
ʦбĺöŷͻȻʵһЦеӣս׷̡
ɫһڣ׷ֱһ߳ȥŷ߳Զû˵ֶҳԽȥȻúҪ˼룬ΪĵرʲôܲײأֶУⶫġ
ŷٺһЦȻ֪㣬ЩǳϵݣÿһȥһѪսϹŴҪȥᡣ
ֶĿģǰ׷ĻУǲء
ڹŷ뷨ʱ򣬰׷̺ٺЦΪʦ⣬˵һݣĶʮ㣬Ҷܹ
仰һ˵ŷԾǶ̲סԾĶȻҳʮΪⶫܲײ
ȴŰ׷̵ĻǱ˵ǿ϶ţǰ׷ȴһĻߣȻֻǷѡ
뵽˶ЩĽŹŷ磬һʦʵ̫Ҹˡ
ãһΪŷ¶ϲɫ
Ҳף֮԰׷˵ֻΪ˴̼ԼŬԼֻҪԼŬͿˣڽҪ
׷ŵͷ¶ɫ
̵һߣɴ˿ɼ׷̵ˮƽߵʲôز
һˣ㾡ȫȥһӣӲĻɱ˰׷̻ء
ŷ㹻ڰ׷̿ǲŬֻҪ㹻Ŭɾ;Բ͡
ŻŴ̼ŷ磬ͬʱŷĴӦҲ⡣
ˣϣΪǻȥЩȥɡ׷ͻȻתƻ⣬ȥ
ŷҲʵϼжЩȣҪ֪֮Ϊ䣬ǲǴ˵еô档
˷ֱһɽͷЩ䡣
һ˲䣬ǿϢ𶯾ʮء
׷̵һЦһӣֻ졣һƬȫȻǿĸ֣ҲܸӦı仯
һУ׷ҲĻ
ɳѪڡ


1067 ໥
Ѫִת죬ƽѪһֹϵĵת
ŷ˷ֱɽͷ棬ɫ£ʼ
ͣ
һӵǹŷ磬磬ڰ׷Ļ棬һ㽫ֻˡ
׷¶һĨ𾪵ɫŹŷ磬¶һĨЦݡ
ˡ
ŷ糤ХϢתѹǧ磬ݳأһףʵһ̣ħӹŷĻгȥ϶һ󻶺
ŷ˫ӡһµķģû뵶֮ϡ
ħһɿµϢǧ硣һӡһ⿪Ҫħơ
һֱŷ綼ΪħǴǺ֮ǰѾףħǾԵ
µڣȫŷħûǷħǵǰȫʬѪɺʬǶѻɽͷ
һֿµľħȴУɱ˶ˣû֪ǹǿǰ־󣬾øǿ߶ͷƤ飬մȾ޾Ѫħ
ꡣ
ڹŷ罫Ҫħȫʱһ£йŷħͬʱҽһ˴С
ŷѣܵشԪ񶼳ˡ
Ͻۣ쳣¡
ħǵȻҲܵһĴˡ
׷۾дתһ꣬㶴Ϥࡣ
Ҫǿн⿪ӡﵽϹŴ񾳽磬ųԽķӡȫ⿪ħɱ̫ˣ̫أڽ⣬Ƕܲסܱܿػ١׷̺ȵ
ŷһ𣬲ûס֣ʵʦ˵ĳͷ
ص־֮޹أԲɿ⣬ʵҪ̶ֳȵҪϹŴΪ׷̽͡
־֮ŷһ˿Ȼеźȴˡ
ʱħ𣬱۵Ѫ⣬Ϣ죬Ȼֻ⿪һķӡѾָϹŴĳ̶ȣҾϹŴ
ŷָһѽħץУȻ񷡣
һµƳ֣ȫŴǱն䣬ŷ̲ס쳤Хһ̣ܵһ޿ɱǿ󣬻˿µ
֮䣬ܲǸղŵ־ǹŷ߾Ľơ
ŷ粢⣬һֱֳֻӽƱˡһĻ׷̶̲סһ
ǿ쵽ŷز£δ
ʦһսŷʮ㣬ս׷̡оԼʱǿĲ˼飬ȻκǿߣаջܶԷ
׷̺ٺһЦȻʧŷ绹ûзӦ˱һƳϣȻɳȥ
ŷ죬һ̳ѣֱͶ䡣
СӣŲһףսʦΪʦǲأܹŰ𣬲߾磬Ҫңô׵ġб˹ŷһۣ׷Ц˵
ŷƣһ仰˵ʵվڰ׷̵ߡ
䡣
һѪվŷ˵һս
飡
ۺɳȥŷһĳһкûд۱뷴ŷһ
һֶϻ꣬Թŷڵʵ۶Ѳˡ
ŷ˲˹ȥȻһȭߡ۱˵صף۷Ӧٴγʱ򣬹ŷѾʧ֪ȥ
۱ףϻѪգҪѰҹŷ磬ϣͱһᣬ۲һҪˡ
ŷ練Ӧ̫ˣҲŷӰֳУֻһ׷վ
Ȼ۲ȥҰ׷̵鷳ڸԼҲʹ졣
תò޸Լƣָ˳̬
ԴһڿԷеʵˣۣ֡ٺһЦĿۡ
һͺˣһԲ֣͵Ϯ·͹ŷһޣǽסȻһᣬһ֮֡
ûߣܵվΪʵ֮ϣҲûʲô顣
׷ʵ̲סһЦ۵ɫ죬ãȻԼ˭˭ˡ
ŷ֣һ
һתͻȻŷ֣ŷ練Ӧ죬һƽķɳȥ
ȿȣղȱ͵Ϯģ㴿Ϊ˳͵ϮңǲܵģһҲŷЦе˵
ԹƵ˼㣬̬ô


1068 ȫ
һЦ֣У˵ԼõĶ
۵ΪȻǲڣԼǱܣһЩĵպĽ磬ֻʱ⡣
ںϳһ飬ʵȻȻһףʵȴͬն
Ȼǲŷ۵ĻԵ÷ǳޣ̬ǰֻܱ۸
Ϊ̫߳࣬ڹŷ磬ͬԵ޵УǹŷĶ֣һǳΪˣƵ˼㡣
ɹ䣬ǸһˣҲҪ뿪ˡ׷˵
ŷɫ䣬֪оգ׷Ҫ뿪ǼΪġ
˲⣬װ׷ΪʲôôҪǵʵ뿪ҲԱ
׷̽һЩ˵һ飬ʱˡ
ףһΰ׷Ҫ̽ԤУһҪִʣ¶˶ҪѪ
˵ʵȻǿ󣬵վֻϹŴߣǰ׷̶˵оգǾԶ㲻ȥ
Ȼ׷û˵Ҳܹµ׷̶Ǵ˵еĻߣȻһŸߵľ磬սҲ̫ˡ
У뿪ԥĵͷ
ʵǱչЩ죬У˺ܶ飬ǿϹŴ䣬ҲаŶӸһƬѪɫ˶˷һԤУִΣѾʼˣӰЩ˵־ǶħϵС׷̿ڣһץһϢùŷһ
ԣù죬һֹƻԵϢܹӰ쵽ʿ񡣡ŷһܵϢаĵط
ۺ΢΢ЩǶ㣬Щû׼ԲһϢı塣
һɣν棬ҵһѿٵģҪ˶ãҪˡ׷˵
׷棬ŷǶһۣ֪ѣԲѣǰ׷̵϶֡
һߵĶ֣Ȼһߡ
ô죿ŷʵ
ɱǲܵģһڿ϶״̬ˣҪٴشٴγ˯ȥ׷˵
֮УҲлߣǸڳҲʲôɣŷʵɫЩɻ
ŷף׷̿϶֪лߣȴûпǻߵأùŷЩɻ
ߣЩϲҲߣļ֮⣬ˣҾͲˡᵽЩߣ׷мһĵӡ
ŷ΢΢Щ⣬ĳ׷̶Եߣǲмӡ
߰磬޾УһжϾǸɵĺ£ЩϲģͲеĴֻ֣˸˵档׷ŭ
߱𣬾Ȼʱ飬ŷ羪ȣһЩ⣬ͻȻһԶȥ
һȺǿߣʮХأǳɱɱڣ϶մȾѪŷΧм䡣
Щ۾Ѫ죬һûǵӡ
ŷǾȣһۣ֪Щ˶ʧǡ
ҽǾȻŷһ˵
ǾȣʧǣǺѻѵģǹŷȴһǳĵӣŰٷ֮ٵİա
ǰЩˡ׷̿ڣ֡
ۺһۣҲһǳ֣սʮǿߣǿء
ʵĺܿ죬Ⱥ˵ʵ̫ǿȻǣɡ
ŷһѽһץ˹Ȼֱĺһ¡תӵ˼㣬ǸתѣһãȻӡ
ʲô飿һߣǴʱȴãȻ֪ʲô顣
ŷû˵ָֻһЩˡ
ǿʶ˷ʲô飬ɢļع飬ˣ˶ˡ
ڲһǿߣǴʱȴǱƵһ
ŷüʨӺ𺰵
߻һѹʱףǹŷԼԥͷݡ
лλѾ֮ţҲһֽٺĸо
֮ͰˣҲȥæɣҰǶѹŷ˵ȻɱˣҲˡ
ʵֻҪŷ֣ΪŷĵˣȻǿƣǴ¡
Щһŷ֮ûгͻȻҪˡ
á
Է˵һ䣬Ҳ˳ȥ


1069 
һЩ˾ѹŷһЩ˶أ֪ԼȥȻɱҲվʧΪһֻ֪ɱ¾Ļ
ŷ罫Ǿѣھһ
Щ˶ӽĵشȴֻмˣܹѣаٷ֮ʮŵˣʱѾȫˣ˾͹
໥֮ɱҲУһʱ䣬֪˶ˣʬǳɽѪɺ֮һƬѪɫ񷶼Ѫɫˡ
̫ˣܸоʲôµ鼴μӹһε콾ҲûĿ£˶Ƿһ
ҲҪˣȻҽܹˣЩʵ̫ˣһϹŴǷʱǸһеģΪɱУͣʩչģҼһµϹŴ񣬺ķԼеĴԴĴۣɱһŶӡ
ǵĻŷ𺳵Ķһۣһ
ϹŴ˷񣬼ֱ̫ˡ
ǸϹŴ˭ŷʵ
ѣĵˣѾˡһʿش
ȻѣŷһֲʵĸоҪ֪ǰǻѼսǴʱѣȻѾˡ
ħħӦǸĲˣû뵽Ȼûڴһ̡׷ЦùŷͷƤ顣
Ӱ׷̵Ŀ˵ֵʱһëȻĸоϾ׷̵ͷʵ̫ˡѣҲǻ߾簡
ǿ߲⣬ȴûзʣ֪ǹŷʦȻֻǸ߾磬ǿǹӣҲף׷̶벻Ǳô򵥣ܿʵ֮ϣҳԶ
ˣǶ뿪Һ͹ŷˣҪ￴һᣬܽȼˣͽȼˡ׷˵
һֻڳˣȻĻ׷Ҫ϶Ҫˡ
ۺ֪׷Ҫʲôȴ˵Щ飬׷ԸǣǶǵΣҪ߱ˣԵúûвˡ
Ұ׷飬֮ģ˵ıģǸڣɢֹƻĵϢܹ֪ǲһö
뿪ķѣֱ֣ӿһͨ뿪ͨĲǣΪҶףеһ壬϶вԾһε콾һı
ֻʣ¹ŷͰ׷˻ʦͽ˶һۣ׷˵ǰһһ·ϢӦӰ첻ɡ
ŷͷϢȻʹ˷񣬵Ƕ˵ȴ㲻ʲôȻǷеʦҲܹѶҡ䱾ġ
ŷһǿߣҪ񣬼ֱ̫ˣϢӰ첻ŷ磬ûκӰ졣
ڰ׷̣ľʵ̫ˣϢֱˡ
˷ֿʵǰ׷̲֪ȥŷʵһףһսȴǿĲɿɴˡ
ŷնѹ񷣬ǿĲ˼顣
֮ڵأȻǱصϹŴ񾳽ޣҲŷùͷ
֮ظϹȥ˿쵽˼㡣
֮Ŀģɽѣ󺣵ȫһƬѪɫо޴ʬɢڵ棬ȫɢżǿϢ
ЩǸߣϹŴ񾳽ĸ֣ȫѪŷ絹һ龰ʵ̫ˡ
ǰһξ룬оҵŷЩȣ˹ȥ
һʮ˵ǿŶӣΧһˣһŮӣʤѩһͷ˿裬ǧķ˿նء
ݺһŮӣһŮһ޵еǡ
ҹŷ绹֣ŮӵʵҲߣϹŴ־磬ӵʵƿֲˡ
ŷ֣Ůһϣ¶һĨϲɫСŮλѳȡ
ãҪɱǣҿԽǾѡŷͷԥ˹ȻһƿС
۾΢΢¶һĨ棬ŹŷĶ
ŷڶԷԺһƣ߶ʱתѣŷû˵ʲô֣εڶˡ
ʮǿߣһʱ䣬ȫѹǶԹŷǧлһֽٺЦݡ
ˣϽ뿪ɣҪȥĵطǵķΧڣһε飬ǹⲼģǳǣ뻢ڡŷǡ
Щǿ߷߷߲ƽųȥҪԼʦţһʦͣ˺ѿռ뿪


1070 Ԫʧ
ôߣŷ罫ĿתǸŮӣǵ˵Լ
ΪʲôҪߣֹƻҵ־Цӯӯ˵ȹ裬ǻо߳
ｫҪдֲռҪŷ롣
ҵǲţҿǿһ·۾΢΢һת߽ŷ硣
۾ŷһɱ⣬Į˵㲻ɱ㣿
һֱӺɣЩŵĶŹŷ磬ĺһ
Ͻ뿪Ҹ档ŷ뿪һ뿪
ŷ뿪¶һĨƤЦݣݻѪҲǸϼһĺ˼ҲŲŹء
ȹ趯ʧС
һ·ϣǲֵϱۣдսĺۼ
ŷǰϹȥʵҲη壬Ҫһ
֮󣬹ŷıԵǿߵʬǽ٣ÿһˣǳǿϹŴʬǣ˻ɱ
ŷ΢һ㣬ǰУգ۲Լߵⱻ͵Ϯ
ûǰһо޴Σ
䣡
һֻצնŷץ
ǼµһĻر飬ѵɱһУҪ顣
ŷͬһֻĳצײһ𡣿ⱬצ飬Ѫɽ
һȻӵһͷ޴ڹ꣬һɽһ㣬һֻצӱ飬Ѫʣһһ
ŷˣͷ޴ڹ꣬ٴγ֣ˣס񷣬ŷѹ¡
ŷ𶯣Ѫһɫֱӱ
һֱն䡣
޴ڹȫȻѪ۾Ѫ⣬ŷײһ
µײŷ绯Ľ޴ڹֳ롣ͻȻɫһȻûھ޴ڹڣܵԪĴڡ
һͷʬ⣡ŷ羪ϲϤһࡣ
ͷڹ꣬Ȼû˿Ԫȫһʬ⡣
ۼڹϣŷԥֱ֣ɱڹꡣûԪϹŴ񣬺ɱֱӱŷ촷ۡ
һ̣ŷٳ֣һջ飬һӰг˳ŷײһ𶯡
㡣ŷ羪ȣŮǷֿõŷû뵽ԷȻûȥһֱԼʱ䣬ŷֶԷùŷȻ񣬴һ˿䱸
Ѳý䱸ҶԵһûȤֻҪ֪ﵽΪʲôϢܶ˶ǡ˵ùŷ粻ҪкȻŷǿս֮ϡ
ЩţϾһУҲǾԵţѹסеǿߡ
Ȼģҵġŷɫƽ
á
Цӯӯĵͷ
ŷתߣûãЩεתܣ˵㲻˵𣿡
ĳŷ
·죬һߣô֪Ҹأѵ·ֻߣͲˣԴǡ
⻰˵ŷ绹治÷ƲƲ죬𶯣ƿ뿪Ҳһջ׷ȥ
ŷһ֣ܵµĹһͷħԳߴɣһڹֱɨͬһˡ
ȻϹŴҪɫһͷΪµĴڡ
ŷ絯ָ񣬽ͷħԳɱüͷһ壬ͷħԳȻûԪֻһʬ⡣
ħԳߣû뵽ȻҲˡ֣С϶Ǿ̾
ŷɫһڣһ׷ˡ
ι˵һŮӼң׷һүʲôŷ粻˵ͬʱʵһ㾪̾
Ҫ֪ȫ·ϹŴδܹ׷ϡȴ׾ٵ׷Ȼǲ
ϲвУЦӯӯ˵
ŷѾͷӣеС⡣
Сŷֱ˵
УСм
ˣž͸ŰɣȰ㣬ʱһҪ뿪˵ＴֲҿɲΣŷ˵
ЦЦȻƤ˵ʵ֪
ŷ緭һۣ֪ƨǰ׷̵ԭ򣬹ŷ綼֪ء
Ҳ˽飬ȥ
ǲʱЩǿߣʬ⣬ҲǿŶӣХأҲûԪ
ȻǹɹƻĵϢ˷ô򵥣ԪáУԪͻɢȻϹŴҲ޷⡣
ֻǲǣЩԪʧˣǱˡǱɵĻ˵˲ٿϢõǸˡ


1071 Ůʥ
Ҳ˵õˣˣ䡣
ŷЩأӰ׷̵ĿУѾ֪ǰ׷ĵˣҲǻǸĴڡ
ڵߣ׷̺ܲмȻǿϣΪǿмܹػһƬء
ˣԲѣˣҲҪֹ
䡣
һѪ죬ǰڽоҵĴսŷһۣǳ˹ȥ
ȿڴս֮󣬹ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˾ȻˣǸŮʥŮˡ
ʱϹŴΧԵ÷ǳǱʱпҪѹ
ŷǳ֣Ůʥ¶һĨɫŷ¶һĨϲɫ

ŮʥȣȻŮʥҲЩ˼ϾǹŷĵˣȴҪȣֻҪˣ᲻˼ġԼȣνӣͲʲôˡ
ŷһԥûУսһȭһϹŴˣȻŮʥȻУֱӽǸϹŴ˺롣ŷĿ£Ůʥһŷ֣ŷʵѾ߾硣
ȻֻһףǺŽףȴ֮𣬴ʱĹŷ磬սǿĲɴȣＸԺɨˡ
ǿߣû˿ɱŷ硣
лѾҡŮʥлһϹŴսǿֶβͣʹԷ顣
ҲսŮʥֽǸϹŴ񣬽ԷֱӴֳսԽŮʥŮʥԾһֱ˵ĸо
ܹоΪ߾磬־ս㳬ԽǱֱˡ
ŷָǿƣ¾ȥµľħʬֱӽԷˡ
ϹŴ񼶱ʬ⣬ǻɱûжʲôΣ
ЩŮʥЩţŹŷ磬¹ŷԼ֡
Ҳ֣ȥ飬ȥɣһЩǲǻѡŷʵ
ŷ˵Լ֣Ůʥһ֪ʱƲǹŷĶ֣¹ŷ緢ѣɱԼ
ߣŮʥܹоʵҲпԼ֮ϡ
µĴڣҪɱĻŮʥߵĻᶼûС
ܶѣʵǿԶԶԽҡŮʥ˵ɫࡣ
ŷǲ⣬Ůʥ˵ʵȻǿϽ֮УȴȱһЩˣӾޣȻŮʥǣȡ
Щ˶ʲôǲѵǿߣж٣жϹŴ񣿡ŷʳ⡣
ĵսҪѡǿߣãЩ־ǿߣˣЩɱҲˣϹŴмʮ֮ࡣŮʥ𺳵˵
ŷҲˣʮϹŴҪ֪ϹŴҲֻ֮࣬ȻѾǿˡ
ͬʬ⣬ε໥һֻҪע㣬ǲõġŮʥŷɫΪڵģʱȰһ䡣
ŷͷɫȻء
ΪЩ־ǿߣսЩ콾Ǳ־ѵˣȻй֮ŷǣ벻еôס
㲻ȥ𣿡ŷʵ
ŮʥЦҡͷֵطʺңһ뿪ɣ콾Զ֪ԼȻС
ʵϣŮʥ㲻Сǿ󣬵Ǻ͹ŷĹ̥ȣȻԵЩС˵ʵһСĴ
ҲˣŮʥľһЩǰһΪԼ޵С
죬ˣǷǳ飬Ҳûģǰߣһ죬ﵽߵġŷ翪Ůʥһ
˵ͷŮʥ¶һĨЦݣŷʵ𣿡
ѵûнҵ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ŮʥһЦˣķǳ
վ˺գȻĿһ۹ŷȻˣڡ뿪ص档
ʵֻҪ־ѣҪ뿪Ƿǳס
Щǲѵʿһ㡣
㻹Ҫţŷ翴һۡ
ЦеĵͷҪ棬ãʲôȻŪϢôˡ
ĻŷҲԣֻǵ˵ͷĵĵȥ
һ·ϣƽܶǿ߻ʬ⣬һϹŴ񼶱ǿߣһȺߣ׷Զ
ǹŷ粻ҺһսǲΪսȥķѱԴսӦĵĵ


1072 ս
ǿƣѵǿߣʵܹʱ򣬱ѣͺ˲
Ҫ֪еϹŴ񣬶޷סĹƻֱӷˡ
һ·Ѫսһֱĵĵ򡣵֮󣬹ŷǾͱסˡ
һһŮǿǶϹŴ񣬴ʱŹŷˣһֱŰɱ
ÿŷȵ
ûпȭͷӲҶԷԵĲ⣬ŷȻûвҪԶԷˡ
ЦһһףߵȻÿ֪˭Цɫ߰
֪ŷɫƽ
սʥսأλҵս㣬ǶϹŴǻݡսذȻ˵
׳ա
ŷڿɵһһǲ⣬һ˳ϰˣﻹĽԼϴˡ
ܹߵôǷףȻ粻ߣҲܺǣȻˣڹŷ翴ֱ
˵ʲôսɫһ䡣
˵ʲô㶼Ȼһ׳գҲϲͰ׳˵ŷһӡ
սصǳ鴤ղȻû壬ֻǲһһ׵ļһȻ˶ԼʱӦʱˡ
սһֻŷĲץ˹ȥҪúýѵһԼļһ
ҴϲԶɡŷƲƲ죬֣ͬԷײһսȻʮ߹գѣȻǳܲסײܡ
ΪأԭˣϽȻҲɵ㡣ŷЦ˵
սɫ࣬Ҳɵӣһײ֪ԼǹŷĶ֡
ŷ粻һףѾǸˣͬ˸ǹŷĶ֡
ʶһ㣬Ǻˣÿ˵·
ŷֱ˹ȥҡڣûнս˷ϡϹŴǳˬǼҪ֣վղŹŷı֣ʵסǡ
ŷ˵ıӰʧ֮ǸսЦһַһ⣬ҪĳϢ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷٴγ֣һֻֽס⣬϶ʱֳһĨЦ
ұΪʲôأԭһŹȻɱңҲûбҪˡղǵϢ˼˵ķǳԣսصӣɱŷˡ
Լ׷ӣսطǳģоԵİգܹɱŷ硣
Ҫʲôսɫ䣬ŷ绰Σյζ
ɱ㡣
ŷܵȻ³֣սɫ䡣һסԼӣתܡ
֣סǵȥ·ȻϹŴͬʱ֣ǲ븶ۣʹߣȫܵġ
ҪǡսŭϢתϹŴѹޱȡʵսصʵŮʥ棬ҲǾǿƵֻǺܿϧǣһԵǹŷˡ
ȻһףǹŷսʵǿĿ¡
Ҿϲ㡣ŷЦ
۾಻ɳӵˣԷȻɱԼ˼ǲĻŷоܲˬ
ս֪ŷᶨԲκ֮ӶһۣȻˡ˹Ĳǹŷ磬Ҫķ
ߡ
˼ѵԼߣȻλѡԼķͻΧʶһ㣬ֱӱˣ纣ֱսغսɱ˹ȥ
һǿѾǵ֮ˣǲףԼЩˡ
ǿֱӽ˺ɳȥŷоһһ˳ȥһֻ̤£ս屬顣ŷָս
˵Ԫ˻𣬳˺Ȼû뵽ŷսȻֲһز
Ҫ֪ϹŴȻ˺ˣҲʵ̫ˡ
Ԫ˻𣬻ָҪӳȥŷȴûиᣬֺգٴν˵飬ȻһץסǵԪ
ҪɱǡϹŴ˻𣬳ηͲҡ
ûˡŷ絭˵Ȼָ£Ļ˸ϹŴԪС
µĲϹŴԪ񣬾Ȼȫˡ𣬹ŷɱϹŴͬ
ˣҲù˻ΪǱġս˻𣬳˲ʡ
û뵽ԼϹŴô̵ʱ䣬ȻҪɵˣʵǲİ
ģҪҳ֣ƲùˣӦˡŷЦš


1073 ħ
սĿһ磬󳹵ը飬
ϹŴ񱻻ɱȹ趯һƿնŷ粢
㻹ǳȥɣΣաŷ˵
ҪҪ㣬ʶһǿߣᱣҵǲǣЦе˵
ŷҡͷɫࣺȻ֪Ϊʲôңȷʵ̫Σգұ㣬Ҷ˵ܹԼҲˣϹŴҪ׷ǿĴڣöԷ𣿡
ȻܱȹŷǾµһȺˡ׷߶ϹŴʵ̫ˣǱʵų޵С
Ǹĸ֣һսδбʤաŷǺ˵ǿȴҲδء
ᡣն
ԣҲܱ㡣ŷ˵
¹ȻҵҪͶԷ˵ܹܵԼûж⣬ԹŷҲöԷʲô⡣
ҿԱ㡣գգۣЦ˵
ŷײ˵ˣѾͷĵĸ϶ϲߡ
˼ǰһƬߣɽ֮ϣմȾѪȫӵǿԾ̺ľˡ
ȻˣܹߵǿһˣŷɫأգͻȻɫһԶȥ
ŹⱬǿĲ˼顣
ˡ
һƬմ콣һĿ쳣¡
ŷ˫һһɫâƿգĿ顣
һסЩŵĸо
ŷſ˵òǿǿߣǽͭս⣬гһѳֻһ˻ʥȣٷһħ˸ͬħ
ǳϢһ֮⣬ȫһģս׺ͳûκ
ͬһˣŷ뵽һֿܣɫȡ
ħߣΪϹŴˡ֣ȻʶˣɫЩ⡣
ŷһɫûУˣħߵͷ϶һһ޵˽ܣ߾磬ͻɱϹŴͬħ֮·ħ֣Ȼںˣȴ޷ͻƸ߾磬ϹŴС
ǴʱȻǳΪϹŴ񣬶ǼΪǿ֡
һʥҩһδ鷳أ㻹ҳҵǰħĿɭȻϣɭȻɱ
ħ֣ǿϹŴ΢һ
ⶼᣬҵʱֻһʱСģԲųʥҩ㲻ҪôǳɡС죬ɫЩ죬Ȼеܲסħߵơ
ŷЩĶ֪Ѿͷʡ͵ĵƣȻ
᣿֪ǿʥҩҾһøֲɣΪͻϹŴ׼ģ͵ҵʥҩڳΪϹŴʱ򣬳ֿµȱݣֲ֪ܹŮˣ֪Լ𣿡ɫһɿµɱۡ
˼Ĳǹġ˵ӣôڽƱ磬۾ģһӡ
ŷЩֲʲôħʹԼһʥҩȻ˸ˣΪͻƵʱ򣬳˴ȱǲǲء
Ҫǹŷ磬ҪͶԷˣħҪ֣һʧɫӣŷ纰
ħĿתƵŷϣЦһ
ŷΪһףȻħ߸оŷҲЩȴΪԷԼĶ֡
˵Ǹѵļһ˵һ㰡ŷЩ
ħ߲˵ͨͷʥĹԣޱȣһգƽŷУҪһħħ죬ѹ磬һֻһеϢ
ͬʱϹŷ磬ʱѹˣڹŷ磬ܶԷеѹ
˫֣ŷɫ䣬ûиܵԷɢѹ˵̫ûòˣѵ㸸ĸûн㣬Ӧô𣿡
ŷĻһáϽĺܶ˶֪ħʱ򣬸ĸɱͯúܿ࣬ޱ˵йԼĸĻ
˵ħ߻ɱ
ûнôˣȴ֪ҪˡħɫĮŹŷ磬ɱڡ
׳ա
ŷЦ
ħ̤ħ֣𶯲񷡣
ǿޱȣÿһһϹŴҪǿһ֣սֲ˼㡣


1074 սħ
ŷɫ䣬ȥŷһֻѹ䣬ɱǸ塣
峤ХʥâȣסŷĴ֡ħ循ɱŷɱ
µħ֣޾ۣһɱ¾֮⣬ŷûǼµľ󣬹ŷһƬȫ硣
дУŲ⣬ƽѪγһɨһУκ塣

ŷ˳ˣսתʵϢȣǸħȥ
ۣ
չµĶԾħ岻йŷ磬նһ첲ŷˣɱȥҪħɱ
峤ХɱǺսŷ磬ſµĹⲻͣײһܹϡ
Ҫæһ㱻һɨУ˺ɳȥȻδˣҲѪڣһһѪ˳
ɫ΢΢ЩȻ֪ŷǵսµʲôزսѾܹȥˡ
Щʧ䣬ϾŷһףѾǸˣսȴ͹ŷôĲ࣬쳣Ĳ
ŷսħߵħ壬أ˸ſµĹ⣬Ȼ֣Ǵս
ۖԣ
һƵڹŷϣȴһµǹŷ˲һ£ȴû̫ܵ˺
ʱ򣬹ŷָֻ֣˸ϡҽһɳȥըѪȾ񷡣
ħ峤Хŷ֣ħ⾪䣬ޱȡ
ۣ
ŷ֣ͬħɳȥķѣµѪնڻһ󶴡
ŷһٷѹã棬졣
ˡŷ絭˵ħߡ
𣿡䣬帴ԭȻŷһһӦŴϡ
ħͬˣħ˸һУȻ춼޷Υ־
ߵһںһ˲䣬ħںһ𣬳Ϊһġ
µϢãã涼ڲʮħ߿ޱȣ£ħʥϢȻںһԵøӿ¡
ħֲҵĵ֣ںһҲͬҵĶ֡ŷЦɫдһĨм
㵹ǿħЦԹŷĻЩȻ
ħߴʱһּǿĸоǾͶ֮䣬ܹɱһףԼĴħȴǳܣԼʱҪŷ磬Բһǳѵ顣
ְɡŷ˵ûжԣһʵ˵
ħϢתħпµĹתγµĹŷ硣
⾪ŷҲֶͬͬ⣬콣ħײһ΢΢һ
ħҲһɫ£˫ӡһѹ¡
ħħħ죬ޡħߺڷ趯˻һɿµŷֿ֣µơ
ǼǿһȻ˹ŷƿ¡
ơ
ϸһ̫ͼȻյ˳ȥ
ѣˡŷӶɱȥ
ħһ壬޵СħٴδԿŷ
µײħԺˣѪȻܵ˴ˡ
ŷһХֱӳɱһָֻ£Ҫħ߻ɱ
޷죬ŽޡħһУŷʩչԼʩչģֱӶʱУһУޣ˹ŷһ
ŷüлֱʩչ¾
һƬձ飬Ǭ۷壬ʱյתħ߱˳ԡѪȻЩ𾪵Ŀһ۹ŷ磬תӡ
𡣡
ŷȳһֶϻ꣬һ֮ͨӿ¡һֶϻһ㽫ħ߻ɱˣȻܵشô˹ŷ׷ɱ
һǿߣˣŷгСǣڿһһ
Ҫңһĵˣҿɲˡŷû˵Ѿͷԭ򣬹ŷαħߴսһ
ʵּսǳ£һһע⣬ͻ·磬ҲǳԣҲشͬɥ֮Ȯһߡ
İɣһԹŮûе˵ġֻ֤˵ȴùŷоס
һĵˣѾͷԲԼ˵޺һͷ۵СħŮ
ħߵʥҩҪ͵ԣʲôģ


1075 ǿ
ѾͷһֱڹŷߣҲȷʵܿɰҶҲûʲô⣬ҹŷ籾Ҫ棬һһʲôʱսǲȱٵġ
Ѿͷһٱ֤֮£ŷҲûнߵͷˡ
һߣǵٶȲ죬ΪѾﵽΪĵǰһ֮ϣɢſֲѹ
ԱߣвٵӰɢǿϢÿһ˵ʵħߡ
ŷһӽ㱻˷֡
ʮµֹһ𣬲Ҳ˶ѡڹŷߵʱѾǺ˲֪ٲȻܲסЩ˵ϡ
ϾʵﻹԵЩˡ
ߡ
ŷһ⣬µϢͬХһ㣬ǵأȥ
Էȫ¶ȵɫȻû뵽ŷ羹Ȼӵȿµʵ
Ȼĳŷľ磬һףϢҲʵ̫ˡԿǡ
ʮӰȫΧãڸһ㣬ǵ׷ߣЩвϹŴ񣬵Ȼ߾Ӷ࣬־ѣȻûܵκš
ҲǵǿߣЩǿȣȴ˲١
ŷֱӳǰΧȦĵĵشֻ棬С죬е㲻վʵվˡ
һһףҲȾָ콾һҹȥһϹŴĮĿڣɫۣһѳĻһͣŷ䡣

ŷǿޱȣǳԷ
ſ³һӣƽңǸϹŴûȥ
ǸϹŴɫȻû뵽ŷսȻ˿¡ûжܣΪûбҪָᵯӡ
ϹŴûж֣һ˫Ӷڹŷϣս⡣
˽ǺˣǸϹŴʵ
ŷ硣
ŷ˵ԼݣʱȻ󲨡Щ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬Ȼ˵֣Ѫ˽ܣһǿʿֻȴûŷھȻվǵǰΪһףսȴǡ
ݻѪȻҲЩȡ
ŷ翪ڡ
ѪΪѪӦ뿪̤áһŮԣ۾ͷŵ⣬ŷȴǳı䡣
ɧꡣŷ翴˶ԷһۣЦ˵
һͷ꾫򣬳ΪһϹŴ
ŷ޾壬ĺЩһŷδػԿȻһһ¡
졣
Ǹ꾫ŭȻǺ꾫ǳ̫ڵ΢ˣģǱ˺ԼŷĻȻļɻ䡣
꾫ֱӳ֣ŷ˹ȥ
׳ա
ŷһȭȥ꾫ײһѪ䣬Ǹ꾫ҽһ˻ȥ
һĻ˶𾪣꾫֮ǿģҲģھȻŷȻŷʵں꾫֮ϡ
棬ŷǾں꾫֮ϵġ
ԹŷЩмˣŷ֪ŷȻϹŴ񣬵Ǿкʸ
꾫ٶ֣ɫ࣬һ˫вͣ˸⣬ڹŷϣҪһ
ŷȴվɢһɴݵϢַɣ֮Щ콾һ㶼
һΣʮ˵һսʤߣáһǿ飬ԻƽţһѪ֮ǿΪ콾һʵǿߡ
û⣬ĹһȻǻսʤߣá
ŷһսɲеô򵥣Ǽǿ֣ܹɨˣһֲ
Ȼǹŷ磬Ҳĸ֣Ϊǿߣʵ̫ǿˡ
á
Ƕͬ⣬ֻйŷδڣ˶ĿתƵԼϣŷʼ磬˵ȻǶͬˣҲֻͬˡ
ŷڣʮǿߣȫ໥ӣ˭ûȳ֡
ŷȻҲһ֣ʵǵһֵˣȻΪʸ֮ģܵҵΧ
Ȼǹŷ磬һȺֵΧ֮£ҲҪѪԷɱ
Ƕţж˸ſµ⣬˭Ҳȶ
ɱ
ʱһµĲһǿĴڣͻȻڳ˶ǿ󣬷ĸ֡
ŷһȻʶǱˣͷӦԷϵϢŷһȻҲˣʧȥԪ


1076 ɱ
ͷ꾫ϣֱը飬ܵش
Σɽӣ޵еϢµħڱһУǷӡС
ȻûԪ񣬵һ˿ܣǰֶΣȻ쳣¡
ŷȫɫȫ˿
һµĴڣǶֻȻڣ˭Ҳײϡ
һͷħԳſأҪķʩչأߣҪ俪һȱڣ
һ̣µѹ¡
ͷħԳѪը飬ѪȾǿաԪ˻𣬻ָȴ¶־ɫƹȥ
ɵУȻϹŴ񾳽콾Ҳһ
ƽţһأçţɷһС
ۣ˺գֱçţһֻ£ƽţ顣
µգ£ɷһСǻӣһõ۷壬ɾϹŴȻϹŴҲ
ۣ
ֱ˺գǰֱһ£һѪ࣬ԪϽߡ
˶ɫʵ̫ˡ
ŷҲϣ΢΢ɫӲƴֱӺƳȥԷһ
һտɫĹԸ֣ȥˮӣжԣǴʱ֡ɱ
ˣ
ˮӺɳȥѪ
һɱ콣գضֳ룬
ſһ±һϣ콣ɳȥԺˣڿѪ
һ˳˹һ£ѹ¡֮䣬ѹһУȻϹŴ񣬶Եֿ
һ̣ȭͷӲ󶦣󶦺ɣһѡ
죬һͷһ㽫Ʒɡ
һ̣ɣķѡ
һʯˣȴһӵ٣һŹθ֣ѹһء
ۣħѹ磬һͷµɱ˹ȥ
ʯ˺ɣлƽѪ䣬ܵش
ͬʱͷʨӡƽ桢׽̫ͷµǿ֣߳ȫѪɳȥѪȾ񷡣
λǿߣһգɽӡ
˺ܿ£֣Ȼסûг೤ʱ䣬ǵ飬˱ɳȥ
ֳ֮Уֻһŷ磬δˡ
ĿٴζڹŷϣչµĹ
ɱ
ŷüķ⣬罣նһУײһ
ϣһѪۣɳȥжȣŷǵһ֣ȴû˵ˣʵ˾ѡ
һ֣ɱͷûк³ŷ翪ڣôһ֣ǿˣǴҶǶԳֵĻյĽºòȥ
ǿߵͷﱻӡҪȥΨɱܹ
ڳˣ˭Ҳ޷ͻƳȥ
Ƕʼȫ֡תգ˷أѹ
ŷɫ£¾˳ȥرɫħʬһƬµľ
Ǹܵвڱ޾˷ȥ
ʮǿ֣߳ȻҪɫ
ײһ𣬹ŷǶڿѪȻǿǹŷ̬ļһʱҲֿµƣѪԵޱȡ
ǿ߸һ΢һģ嶼ըˣѪȾС
ȫһʱ䣬Ŀ
ֳ˱壬ϰɴСȫ˺ۣһͱȫ顣ȻΪôǿߵĹҲһ㱻ɱˡ
Ϣɢǧ硣ѹ˹˲仯СҪء
ŷǴȣȫٴγ֡ʮµĹ⸡֣֮䡣
ѪŷǶ˳ȥΪĺ꾫ǲһ䣬ɫȻɫ԰ףѾ˵˴Դ
ŷʩչֻأϵ渡֣ͣ𶯣ѹ
Ѫɽϵһʧֱֻӷ顣
ǿҲ֣ҪᣬɱָϣЩ콾ɾ͵ϹŴһʱ֣˼µĽ
˻ŷǻˣȻĲɱˡڳ˶һ콾ףǲɱĻ˾ǡ
˭Ҳǳ֣㾡ȫ
һͷô̵ʱڱɱֵĺĻɢȥڳ硣
ŷǶһۣսͻȻֱԤס
Ǹˣһѹ£꾫飬ҽУղһԪʧ


1077 Ž
ƽţҲ֣ӻɣһ䣬һʧ뿪
ˮǿޱȣӲͷʨӵĹսͷʨӵľŸͷն䣬ɱ
ƽսһǿߣǸ˽飬Ȼֱȥ
һֳǿҲɱʯ˻ԡѪɫĹâ˸졣
һ죬׽սһս׽նʮ˶Σɱһ
ħԳ໥սʵǿޱȣѪɽħԳˣȴߣֱ˺գ뿪档
̫ޱȣŷ֣Ҫ˺ѡ
ŷ˸⣬ǿƳ֣̫һķѣֱӻɱ
ڷ޷ԶսףȻܲȴ¡
˭Ҳû뵽ôʣֻа˸ǿˣ죬һۣ׽ɱ
ŷƽϣǺɽӣƽޱȣ˫ᣬһ˺졣
ŷ쳤Хֻغɱϵ棬ѹ£ƽúɶ
ҲѪǱ֮ƽ棬ȴ˲֪١
ƽţսͬսңѪɽ
˶սһһ󶦺գ֮ѹһ죬չἸ죬֣ӵĪܡ
ˮʯ˴սǻԡѪܵشʯ˱֮ˮӣ΢һ㣬·硣
Ķǿ߼սµǿߡȻϹŴ񣬶޷ǵս
䡣
ŷ罫ƽ˺飬һֻץסƽԪֱ飬𡣶壬ŷûкøУ磬ͷͻ
ͬʱƽţˣܣ˺ϣ뿪ս
ˮӻʯˣΪʤߣµʯˣʱȴʬΣ
ǸǿĵˣҲˣնΪɵУ˲һɱյ˳ȥֻɫȴ˲ġ
ʣĴǿߣˮӽĿⶢ˹ŷ硣Ŀⶢ𽡣ͷſµϢ
ǶǿߣûмԸһ˵󣬶׽ɱǳĹƽ
ɱ
Źŷһŭˮսһ𡣸һ֣ŷɫһ䣬Ϊˮӷһˮһ޷ʲô˺
Ǿˮңǲܵġˮŵ˵
ŷƲ죬ֱʩչˮӵϣ徹ȻʧڿˮҲܹо£ʵڷ˥ˡ
ô֪ƽµ磿ˮӾŭˮݣɵӦǻŶԣֻˮ֪ɵģʵ׵硣
ֻ׵磬ܹ˵ˮӵıԴ
ŷû˵ֻǼʩչãˮӾܲˣ嶼ʧˣɫ԰ס
ֵĿ˹ŷһۣˮֱʩչ뿪
׾ͻˮӣԶսӶһɳˣŷҲʵֲ̫˰ɣʵȻǿһز
֪ŷʱֹˮҲˮˮȻԣѧ߱¶£ǹȻûƭҡ
֪ŷˮӣõֻһǾǸͿϵĿѧ֪ǻһʲô뷨϶Ŀɿڴ
һߵսҲֳ˽ȻڽУȴȫ·硣𶯾죬ȴסĹ
ԡѪհˣ뿪صϽ硣
ֻйŷͽΪʤߣ໥ӣܹԷеս⡣
ŷͣ⽣һǱߴ󺰣Ϊŷ͡
û⡣ŷһ䣬¶һĨЦݣȻǳŷĻش
СѾͷ׼˵޵Уŷ粻Ķ֡һ˺ǳ⣬ǽ׷ߣҲһϹŴ
һۣм˵ߣԲǹŷĶ֣ĿԴȻԹŷǳġ
ЩЦҲϻϾһŮӣʵǡһŮӼƽϣʵǿߵķȡ
ŷ뽣ӣս죬񱩵ײһնˡ
δ֣ɢϣѾ˱ɫˡ
ҼǿĶ֣Ϊ˱ʾأҽóǿ״̬Դ㡣ɫ࣬Į˵Ȼϳһɫս׺ͺɫ
ŷӲһ˳û뵽һ߰ļһȻҲ޳ܵһزȻһǿǹԼʵŷǽĶ֡
ŷ粢ģѪһħ֣ϻսſµ⣬ŷС


1078 һս
ħȻǾĴħڵʵ԰ŷ磬һˡ
ս׸ˣȻȥܲǷȴǿľˣսҲһ㶼
һͷԲڽһԽ
üͷһɫ΢΢ЩȻڹŷѧϰԼӣоЩмŷеħϹŴһϹŴͨһ㶼ȡ
ŷϵսףȻתǽȴûиܵκвԾûսҲһ
ԽţԼʤ
ְɡŷȻŽħ𶯣ɷ졣
Ȼˣһն䣬ǳը飬棬һ޴ƣϢޱȣŷҲ֣ħɨԷĽâײһ𣬹ŷ΢΢죬Ҳͬˡ
һν֣ǲʤ
ŷɫĮħ䣬ɽ飬رɫ
֣ͬ죬ʮضڲ
Ƕͬеǿߣʱ֣µ޷
ѣһгɻңȫΪһƬ磬ֻսޱȣʱʱһѪɳȥʧ
Ҳǿ߱Ѫϣ̺ɱֱӱ塣˺ȻģһϹŴ񰡣ˣǿʲôز
ҲеսһǼޱȡ
ŷͽĸֶѪȻѾǵΧ
ɱ
һӰӻкɳȥǱˣȻǽʱãԵǱ˼㡣
ŷȴͽȫһս£ħ𶯣ǧ
ŷ粢ȫûиˣʵǿͲֵٴˡ
Ͼʵʵ̫ǿˣӵһԵøˡ
ǹŷӵħͻս£϶ǶԷĶ֡
ڹŷ絹ǸмԼʦˣǰ׷̸Լս£ԹŷڵʵӦѾˡ
ȷʵǿ޵еܣʹŷ綼о¡
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ˵
ɫĮŷĻЦܣҲµһ콾ĵһʤδ֣ûʸ˵Ҳ㡣
ðɣǾͼսɡŷʼ磬Щε˵
ʵǲǿ˵ǾһΪǵ顣ڣȴҲѾ޿ѡˡ
ֻдܽΪ콾еĵһܹã״ԷǴףǵԼʦѡ
ʮǧĮĿڣն䣬ʮǧ飬ȫɱ
ŷɫ΢䣬ָֻظ֣ǰѹȥʮǧ飬ֻһѳ˹ŷüġ
вŵһѽרŶԸŷǿߡ
аһɣŷüķ⣬罣նȥǸɳȥ
˺ŷ磬ʱЩˡ
ʱȴЩʱ򣬽֣ŷ緢ǿ˾
շ
ŷȣʩչշС
Ȼͣĳ֣Ҫշһʱᣬȴǽʵڹŷļ֮ϡ
ŷĳ֣޾ȥѪ
ɫȻڳҪ뿪շշĻ֮ϣƣһ̣˳˽һŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷоԼ˶ˣô㲻ԷĹŷҲûд㿪һ¾ֱӺȻ
䡣
˶˳ȥŷ쳤ХҪɱ㣬뿪˵ֻкô
֪ｫҪֲԲ˵Ļġ
ǽţѰ컯ģȻԸ׷ȻǹŷĶ֣ѹ׵ľûʵս
㻹Ҫսŷü
һ־ڱصáɫ䣬޾ϱ˶·һѽ
˼ǽ˻Լȫһѽŷû뵽Ȼַ
Ҫ֪ȻҲǽǲһַҪﵽ߾Ļûôˡ
ȻʣҲֹܻ磬ܴ
òŷЦڵһҲͬ־ڱصá
ŽŷҲĮ
˽һնɱһУ𡣡𣬳ش棬·Ҫһµ˼㡣
µĽΧһжˣضڣΧһƬ硣


1079 Χ
ŷ⣬ýʵ˲¾ѣħʬ
µĹâɨһУ뽣ĳײһ
ڷ⣬ɢֲĴѹ뽣ĹһҪ¾
ŷɫĮޱȣϻս׷⣬ʵϢȻʮ΢ÿһϢ㹻춯أħ
˴ײʱգ·ˡڵĵȫΪһƬ磬һУȻǻ綼޷赲
Щս˺Ȼײನǲ˺ɳȥһķѡ
£ٴκˣҿ˶ڲ²⣬һս˭Ӯˡ
׷ߣȻϣǽʤʱȴûסΪŷı̫ˣԺͽ棬˿˵¡
һҽӽĻ϶ᱻ飬Ҳᱻش
һӰ֣ɫս֮ȾѪһѳԶɫ԰ףûһѪɫ
Ӱʱ򣬺ܶ˶ǶѾϳǽȻ˵ĺأվ߳ˡ
üͷǸطһָоŷ粢ûа
ڴʱµ鷢߳ĽдһսףʼƣȻըˡ
µɨʮܶǿ߶Ѫһˡ
ըԪ飬ɢСʧһ̣Ԫдһ仰Ҳǰܸġ
Ļһ䣬һӰ֣ɫۣɫĻսףѾ֪ȥˣħԶУֱӴӲ֮ϵ
ʤˣǽǹŷ硣
ܶŷ񣬳ɱ⡣
ǿһսһˣҿŷӣսˡȻ˴⣬Ҫɱŷ磬ȡһ
ʵ콾У鲢ټܶ飬ȡһģδĵһ֣ɱս˵ĵһȻȡ˵һ
˹һѷסŷ磬ҪߡȻҲܵЩ˵ɱ⣬֪벻ʲô³
һȺȽΧסЩĿڹŷϣɫޱȡ
ҲһЩʿûвɫмȻսܣǾԲ֮ΣЩ˰ܵЩ˵Ϊ˲м
ȻҲûΪŷͷĴ㡣ϾҪŷˣʵ̫ˡֻҪɱ˹ŷ磬ǾܼһûǹŷǿߵĴڣÿ˶źܴĻᣬΪһ
һһпܵõ컯˵ױȵ
ԣǺܶ˷ԭҲҪ֮Σʵԭʿ̫࣬ΪΪ׷ߵսǱͨ˻ʲôֶζܹó
Ҫʲôǳ⣬ܵ˼ѹһȺΧסһҪߣ̫ܣ˵Źŷˡ
ŷֽһ仰˵Ե÷ǳĻУҲûиղָǿõǿһŷ羹Ȼ˵һزڿӣ˵ս¾뿪ãҪˡ
ô죿ż
ɱ˹ŷ磬Ǿлһ㲻᲻װɣһϹŴЦǳʮǿ֮⣬ǿļ֮һɱ˹ŷ磬лΪһˡ
ף㲻ʵе޳𣿡ʡ
ǸϹŴЦʲô޳ܣʷʤдģֻҪɱٶȡĵһҾǵ֮ʤߣʱҾǸӢۣе޳ܡ
޳Զ޳ܣȻõ˵һΣҪ˳ЦԶûа취εġ
ô˵ˣֻҪõʵʵĺô˭ܹܵԷЦм
ᣬ޳ܵ˵ʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡԷ޳ܣͲں
ҲһںĻҲһʱվҪģʵʵĺôĳ˵Щ飬ȷ˶ҪʵĶࡣ
Ůˣ㲻Ҫôǿߣܾ߹ŷģǴӦҵŮˣҵǿԾһһϸۼ׵۷ս𣬺ǿһͻƣΪ۷սʵǿ
ƾҲ䣿м
վŷ絲ͬŮһȻַϣһƣϹŴľüͷ̲ס
ҲʱͻȻһ㶣Ȼͷ˻˹ŷߡ


1080 ȫɱ
ɻ󣬲֪ʲô顣赲оһΧ£
ʮϹŴǰ۾ɱڹŷϣѪۿ֮ҪϨ
ɫѪҺһߵĵ涼ʪˣʥޱȵѪɢŨĻʵϢǿ¶̰ɫ
ܹõŷĻѪ֮ȻܹõѪҲעҪΪ۷콾ȹŷ϶١
ʮϹŴҲһɫɫ̰໥䱸дһĨҪõŷĻѪ
ߵʱ򣬹ŷͻȻӣнɫƵޱߣ޾ϡ
һȺϲģƾҲɱңվǲߴ󣬵ȴһΰĸо̫ħɽһԴݻ١
ŷ˫ӡϵĽɫѪȫڣγһɱ⣬ޱȣʮϹŴû
ǹŷԼĻѪһ󣬿ޱȣɱ⡣
ʵϢˣһƬûŷɫˣʵȷʵܵشֻûеôء
뽣սһ̣ԴȻ˻սµķײյĽ飬սҲȫ٣ûŷڡ
ϢУֱ𣬵Ϣȴ޷ԹŷԵĴһϢѹƣֻǽŷˡ
ָѾָ˲٣ԲжûУαװöж˷ɾ裬ȻȻ֣ɱЩļһ
ȻܶмƣŷѪֱУرʮϹŴǸҡ
Ѫ쳣¡̺ſֲĻϾǹŷԻѪۣ֪еܡ
ʮϹŴֻ˳඼СǿߣҲֻʣ¶ʮˡ
ŭŹŷ磬һȾѪɱڡ
ˬҪɱңƾҲ䣿ŷЦͷڷ趯һħ
쳤ХǺʧɫǧ顣ָסˡ
ɱ
ʣµϹŴʲôԥûУֱɱ˹
ŷȾѪƽȣϣϹŴսһ
ǶʮߣҲΧ£Χɱŷ硣
֮ڼսŷԼһˣסеĹݺ²ɵУߵһŷսĲɴˡ
ɨһУһϹŴɣѪȾ񷡣
ԷԪ˻һŷһѪۣдϢʱ֮ڹŷ綼޷ϡ
ǵϣǶԷԴԴĹʹŷʣҲһƣָĺܻ
ŷȴ⣬һǸϹŴԪ飬׻ɱԷ
ɱ
һߣһֻѹ£ǳתµŷѹ䣬һ
ŷӱޱȣָ֮пµɱ˸ֱӻ飬Ԫûӹ
ˣ
һֹײڹŷϡµɱⱬùŷɣȳһѪ
䣡
Ѫ죬նϣǸֵĸ߻ɱ
Ҷء
ŷԴʩչҶأһ̫ͼ֣һϹŴɣȻһߵϣԷҽһɻҡ
ݺɱʮ²ɵȻϲͣ˺ۣȴδ˴ŷﵽһּޣ
ϹŴ񣬼϶ʮߣǼǿ֣Թŷ磬ȴȻ·硣
Ȼ˹ŷ磬ֻҪŷץᣬͻᱻɱ
սʱ䲻ŷ϶˺ۣɼᶨֱɱˡޱȣúܶ˵ɱֻϹŴ񻹻ţҲȾѪŷг˿־塣
ﻹһߣȻϹŴҲ˰ɣʵ̫ˡ
һɱ˼ʮǿߣʵˣϹŴսδ˵ŷһϹŴ񣬻ܹ˵Ĺȥֻһߣȴӵֿµսʵֲ̫ˡ
ϹŴɫȻתӡ
ҹ
һֻֽضգץ˻
ϹŴĵ㺮ͻȻŷġ
ŷ˵һֻѹ£ҪĨɱ
ҪɱңҲùһȥɡŭȻԱԴ
ŷɫһ䣬һסԶתӡɿµϣŷһھѪЩ
ԴԱʵ̫ˣȻҲܵˡ
ڹŷı֮£ûܵʲôֻǱһ


1081 ħ
ŷʮ֮һɽ壬һƨһɽ֮ϣȳһѪ
ϹŴԱԲʮڡƣ̫ǿ󣬱ϾѾõķΧǿػɻԵĴ
û°ɣĵʵ
ʱŷ״̬ܲãͷһСڷ⣬ֻ԰ϻ˿˿Ѻۡ
ǹŷԪ񣬱ˣʱ״̬ǳá
Ϊһŷ˵֡Ȼ֪ΪʲôһֱԼı֣Ѿùŷˡŷ粢֪ÿ˶Լܣ뱻֪ŷ粻ǿȶԷ˵˵顣
ͷػڹŷΧ
ˣһ𣬳ɱ⡣
ħ֣߳߻һˡǺþòʡ
ʱʣħߵĻУ顣
ȿȣλʲôʱ򹴴ˡŷվȻЩȣȴȻվıֱ
Ŀ˵ϣҳȫǡ
ǿޱȣȻдˣʱδˣϱµս⡣
ŷ粢ʱˣΪϹŴϮһħߣղǿħ֮ȫںһ𣬻Ȼһ壬תһּµϢһǿѹ
ʵΪҲͻơ
һ֣ɵвǿ
ЩҪ뿪ǿߣʱȴȣû뵽ͷȻϹŴ֣ǶһۣȴûвĴ㡣
ֻҪŷ粻Ȼܿ¡ղžͳֵ˵һ㣬ǶңҺԼδŷ֣ȻڿҲɱˡ
Ĳǣ㣬ԭǸѪɱ㣬ĻѪؽʶ˵еĻ߾硣ħЦŷг̰
ǰ㲻ҵĶ֣ΪڻҵĶ𣿿Цҳ֣Ҿͻɱ㡣ŷЦԷǿޱȡ
๫Ҫ˵һƻĺܣϲûƭˣ֣ѵɱһˣһϹŴļһɫģȻѾܵħߵ󣬴ʱЦһɱʮӡ
ʵĻħߵͷǹŷˣûаջɱԷҲ̫ˡ
ȻҾͳȫǡŷɫڣޱȡ
ҲƮȻɣĿⶢʵϣҪһս
ɫмɨһۣɹ
˽֣Ǿ欣նսŮȻɱȻȴҲ˼㡣
ѩÿһо֮Ӳʹ
ϽɫϢȣǻ֮ȴһ˿а쳣Ĺ졣
ÿһдһ˿ݣַǳ
ߣŷ΢΢һѪȻħߣ̤նϡ
ŷ磬ѾܵشҵĶֻ֣Ҫ㳼ңҾһħ߿ڣŷ˵
ӦǹŷȭͷħֱӱɳȥһѪ
ƾķҲҪҳֱЦȫʢʱڰ㲻Ѵ֮ŷЦɫǲм
һ°ܽѣȻҲԼһʵ̫޳ˡ
Ȼ㲻Ը⣬ǾͲҪҲˣҴħŭõǵѪĮ˵
һɿµϢϴһ̣ħٴκɳȥŷղվĵطмЦݡ
˵ǷϲģǷϲģ˵ݻʲôãλɣҪ㣬һͷײˡŷ糰
ԣȴħɫͨ죬ȴ˵ʲôĻԼղűŷλɣȻδܵʲô̫˺վ·硣
ħվ쳤ХϿµϢŷѹ¡
ŷˣſһѪѪӲӵģޱȡ
ߣ˲֮壬ҲѹңЦ쳤ХµϢ䡣
ŷվֱȻԪ罣նӷֳ롣
˫ӡһԻҪħֽ롣
ħЦħֱ࣬һȭѹ£Ǹ顣
ɱ£ޱȣ̤ŷ磬Ҫ顣
ֻء
縡֣ħߵĹȥŷѪԺˡ
˵ʵ̫ˣԪ񶼳ƣħǿߴսЩġ
û뵽ƽȮۣǾܹңֱ̫ˣҼʹشҲġŷĿɭȻս죬ħߡ


1082 Ӱ
ŷһǰУĲٴݣȴһɴϣһ˫ħߣɢս⡣
ħһ壬޵С
ħľȻŭ˻Ȼ󻯳ħ࣬ŷѹ䡣
ֻء
ŷѪȻ֣һִֻֻأһС
ԣһһȾѪȴԽӵˡµս⣬ܹ˺һУ𶯹졣
Ǭһֿµս⣬ħ㤡
ɱ
ŷȣȻչĹޱȣһȭ顣ħߺɳȥǶϽۡ
쳤Хħϣһն䣬ããӵңޱȣҫ۾
ˡ
𣬹ŷ֣ͬᶨƣǰת˺һС
ѡ
ŷͻȻһȣһֶϻħֱӳ룬ûеֿ
ŷûǰֻתҪħĨɱ
ʱħֵ壬ħ壬ŷ֣ȫǿµͨĺɳȥ
ŷһ飬ܵǴˣʱ֮ڣȬִսûл޸Լ塣
ŷ硣ȣҪȴס콾֮սѣȻ֮ŷǣҲǺԶˡ
û£ɱҲܵġŷ糤Хͷڷ裬ޱȡ
һ˫лڣӵһֿµϡ
Ц
ħ߲мһֻѹ䣬Ǻ޹⡣
ŷٴκɳȥѣȴûȫ飬ʵϹŷﵽһޣҪеôס
𣬻ԡŻѪֻشͨħߺɳȥ
дսɫĻѪħ֮Ѫ䣬ȫˡ
ˣ֮壬ԲҵĶ֡ħŭȱŷӲ֮ײһ𣬿ޱȡ
ŷһ仰˵ս죬Ѫնħɡ
ʵϣ֮սڣŷ԰ˡҪ֪ħߵʵ֮Ҳȥµǿߡ
飡
ٴײһ˺ɣħ屬飬ѪȾ񷣬Ԫ𶯣Դ޸塣
µڹŷϣ̺ſɱ
㻹ս𣿡ɫܵŷ״̬ѾȫݽˣѪء
ŷɫĮɫѪ䣬ɫ԰ףȴᶨޱȣȻȣɱû⡣ǹŷţȻѪɿݣҲܹɱһ콾ɾ͵ϹŴ
ħЦſ³һһŲ㣬ÿһһɫȫͷſ°ܡ
һǿ֣ǴʱȴԶԹŷв
㻹𣿡ħЦʵ
ŷû˵ħ֣ħ졣µħܹһУޱȣһֿµϡ
Ȼħδָĳ̶ȣǴʱҲɢһϣǸ΢Ȼڿ־塣
еߣŻеķӦ
ħ
ħһϳħĿ̰ħϣ
Ͻһ˵ģħӵпµܣ֮֮ǰܶ˲ħ⣬Ϊħδ֪ǹŷĴˣɱ˹ŷ磬ħҲд
һҪΪߵǿߣ˭붼Ҫǡ
Ǵ˵ʱ۷µǿߣǿ泾ܶţħδֻǲ֪ʲô⣬δ䣬ǼʱգħǻֵģʱȻ֮䡣
ɱ
ħȣرѹɫ貣磬ѹһֿµľתǬ۷壬ǳʧɫ涼ڲҪһ
һµȻĳʵֲ̫ˡ
䡣
ħħѪһ˲䣬㽫ŷڵˣһµħӰ֣վھ֮ϣӲ
ħӰ磬ƣȴ޷ıһ֣ǳΪģײã档
ϢޱȣȻӰҲҪ飬һأǳܲסһָͷ
һſŴǳܲסϣ׷ը飬ʧС
ħ𡣡ŷ𾪣к֡
Ӱޱȣһָֻͷѹ䣬ǸرȻֿµƣģӰ飬ָͷѹ䣬׻顣


1083 ǿ
һˣħĿɿڴȻǸָͷǰŴһУҪ㿪ȴԼӰ޷ƶ
ħ߾ˣγĹ䡣
ħӰϵʱӰȴͻȻ䵭Ȼʧ׿ˡ
ħ΢΢Ȼϲ
ΪԼˣȴӹһ٣Ȼˡ
Ϊǽ𣿡һĵ𣬹ŷɱһŽɫɱħ߶
ħ΢΢㵣һ۹ŷ磬Ȼ󷢳һЦȻը顣
ħߵԪҲʧ׻ɻҡ
ʱɫû뵽ǿޱȵħߣȻ˵Ĺŷ綼ɱŷɱ
ݺݵĿ˹ŷһۣʽˣת뿪
ʩչͨҪʵסȴվһ콾ɾ͵ϹŴ񣬲ôܹɱģŷеȾѪ
һӰ֣ŷ籧ڻУ۲һ¹ŷƣʱ̲סüͷ
ʱĹŷѪɺԣԪ񰵵Դĵķǳأﵽޡϵƣ֪ŷǿޱȣùŷܹȥʵ̫ˡ
û°ɣȻѾ֪ǻǴһ˿ʵ
ȫԴشԪɢԶˡŷЦ
ǿô죿ôܾ㡣ʵЩż뿴ŷȥ
ŷЦһ񷣬ʵⲻʲôصƣֶܹǶ벻
˳ŹŷĿȥӰ֡Ϊ׵һˣһѩӣһѣǰɫʯɣ˸֮Եüʥ
ߣмӰɢſµϢȻϹŴˣŷʶǿǶɾϹŴ񣬴ʱ֣ŷг˳
һϹŴȫǿǿߡ
ŷ磬û뵽ɣЦ̡
û뵽һȻҳҵǰŷЦ⣬ǶԷȻǿҲ°ܽѡ
ߣ㼸ҪˣȻ˿ѪȻʺϣȫǴֱɲµˡЦ
ǸΪ׵Ǹӣ΢΢üͷ˵仰˵ˣݶܣǵһսݺܼȫսħԯƵʧûܹӡѪʵϾѪΪѪ
ȻͿһ𣬶ҶԹŷҲе⣬˵ǳ͹ۡ
ŷŶԷȻʵǺˣ
衡Է³һ֣ŷȻƼϽһ콾֮ǰ˵ǣŷȴδû뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼ˶Է
˱ȴ˵еĸӿ£Ტۣʵί衣ƼҴӵʵȿǿ˺ֹһ
ȻǹŷȫʢʱڣҪһˣ¶ҪһѪսʤ˵ŷģǺֵ֣ܹ
衣ΪƼ콾ݺϽ缸ûе֣ڳ֮Σʧ𣿡ʣҪȥ
衵һЦһ콾ûνĹǿΪֻҪܹЦ󣬱ʤߣȻΪ콾Ҳ˵ԼʤȻҪһЩֶΡ
޳ܡ
衲⣬ʵΪﵽزľ֮ϣѾԲԶҡǵĹᱻı䡣
ĺǳ⣬ʵ衸ûзϣɲκӰ졣
ˣСѾͷһȥȻĻһɱĻɾͲҪˡڣĮ
ҿѾͷһɱˣαǲҪˣԯ컹һȺˣеǶ͹ŷйϵһɱ˹ŷϢȥһȺǿΧͲˡ˵
ԯ˻˵ǸȴǷǳµļһĸ֣һֹҵȣ¾Ҳδܹȥ
ۣ˵ԼĹ۵㣬ǽĿ衡
ɱ
衵Ŀ³һ֣ޱ飬ɫᣬ³ɱ
µɱѹѪԺˣһѪǴһҪѿһ
ס֡
ŷǿվֻأµ渡֣Էѹȥ
ۣ
飬ŷɳȥըˡ
ѵ飬ⰵ˵֮ҪϨ


1084 յơʦ
һסŷ硣
һ·ŷȻ֪ݣѾΪѣʱŷ罫Ҫ䣬Ȼܡ
û£ޣǻɱңһеơŷᣬЦ˵
ϣǿЦ衵У¶һĨЦˣùŷթǡ
ȴˣ֪ŷʱ򣬲˵ѣ˵еƣеơ
ˣǡ
ŷҡͷˣİɣأҵǲһȺС˶ѣôɱҡ
ͷԣֱЦǾݵѪųƻѪҿҲ
ѪѾˣʧȥյĻԻͣһѪҪ䣬ѪҪΪѪԶʧСоһ㣬˵һ
ûԶǿ壬ûвĴУѪڹʱ򣬼ᾡ컯ҲûˡҲڡ
ȻһˣҲû䣬ôѹƣ̫ǿߣҪ磬ʱȫھݡŷЦпѪǶҪš
һŷˣǲݶҪûˡ
̫ǿߣԯݺˣϹŴ񾳽磬ܳΪؽţǶǿߡ
ԯ죬֮ǣֻǿصĹսĻʲʧٵԯƵۺȴЩǳ֣Ȼܹʢ¡
ңŷѪһʱǰ׷ֻߣڻڣȻӡˣĿǿڣѪԶû
ߣѪؽûҵĻҵߣȻҪɱ˽ܡЦ
ھѪźصĵ⡣
ƾ㣿ŷЦ
һһѪۣѪʳȻǸղŵĵ˷
֮ˣûбҪϻɱȡ
ǿΧ£ɱ졣
Щ˶ԾѪе⣬иҪõѪѪ֮ǵǱһأԽڡ
СѩףҪڹŷǰ棬ȴŷס
ŷЦЩˣǲ֪ҶѾ˵ˣһеƣǾȻΧ£
ҾͿʲôܹ㡣Įޱȣһֻѹ䣬µʥϢҪŷɱ
壬ҪסĹ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣͲ衵Ķ֡
ŷȻ治ɫͻȻһ϶ͽܶ챻˸ɵˣϽ
˻һ˶ɫŷʦһʲôӵĴڣ
ȫޱȣȻ֣ȴ۲ܵĻܵ
һӰ֣׷裬һֻѹ䣬ϢȻǿ󣬵Ӱȫɳȥ
ȫȾѪǵӰ
׷̣㡣Ǿϳ˵ݡ
Ȼʶ׷̣֪׷μӹʮε콾ϼһһֱδͻƸ߾磬ûгΪϹŴ
Ǵʱ׷̵ʵȴ쳣£һ˻ˣչֳʵƿ¡
ͽҲɱģȫҹ׷ǿޱȣȻ߾磬ǴʱɢĿѹ۷ϹŴҪ¡
ǶһۣȫΧ£ϹŴΧһߣȻԷ죬ҲŰ׷ܹǡ
µĴս׷̵һչĿսϹŴΧһˣǰ׷ȴޱȣǻɡȻµļһǰ׷̵Ķ֡ȾѪɫȻһŵӡ
׷̵սʵ̫ˣһ˴սǿߣǴÿѪһǶϽۡ
ŷֱڵϣʼ޸ԼơһɫĽ룬ȻûԼ塣
֮£γһµУǿȫû˹ŷС
ŷ޲ܵ˺
ɫĻѪʣȻɿݣȴһԵڲͣ޸ùŷĻѪ֡
εŷдǴ죬޸е˺
һߵӶһɳˣŷıʵ̫ˣǱˣȻ𣬹ҲˣǹŷȴתƣָԼơ
𶯣Ԫڷ⣬תŷϢǿʢͬʱǱս׷̵ʵޱȣһѹϹŴ񣬽顣
һӦеı֣ʵ̫ˣǶһۣղòߣǸоԼǰ׷̵Ķ֡
Ÿߵϼһʵʵǿޱˡ


1085 
׷ͷ׷趯ޱߣԼܹ֮ϣķɣݺʮصϷɡ
ŷѪ𶯣ԪգǿޱȣѪڣ𶯾졣
Щδĸǿ𾪣ֱʵ̫ˣôصƣȻܹ޸ϸղŰ׷̵ı֣˺һʦͽֱˣǿµ
ŷվµϢ𶯾ʮأ֮䣬һգѹʮء
˶ܵһ־޴ѹ˰׷̣˶ˣɫȻŹŷ磬š
һһ׵ǿߣȻܹɢֿѹǾηǹŷΪϹŴ񣬽ǶôľޣϹŴ֮УԵ޵УϹŴĸҲĶְɡ
󣬹ŷҲڽϹŴ񾳽֮սҲ˵
ȻǴûй飬ϾҪΪǿߣһǵ֮ȫ֮ͬУ޵е
쳣£Ҫзɣǻܣǲܵġ
׷ȴڴЦ˹ŷͽܣȷѡ
ˡ
ŷ˫ݻϷһµᴩնȥ
յľͷһµӰڴʱȴܵشݺݵĿ˹ŷһۣȻתߡ
衡ŷȡ
Ǹ˲Ǳˣ衣ղžȻûȫߣһߡ׷̶Ѿˣֻô
ʵϹŷһָѾ쵽衣ֱӳ֣Էˡ
ղһͨȴ̺Ϊµ
һˣֻʣ°׷̺͹ŷˣиУҪ˷ֳһʤ׷̵һЦͻȻǳʧ֮С
ŷΪһһϣùŷɫȡܵһС
ϲԷǲԶǸá
ŷһ׷˹ȥ
ǽȥĹâҪܣһʱĶ׷˵ִһ⣬ûŷڡ
ŷͷһǣá
ŷ񣬳˾η֪ڿʼŷǵ֮ĵһ
һ콾Ȼ䣬վеһģǸ˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
ۼŷ类ã뿪һˣѰһԵ̫֥ҩֻҪѰһЩһ컯
׷ǿһۣ¶һĨЦݣȻһѽץסʧ
ŷ类׹ǣǹֻ꣬һ˲ˣӦʱǰһһƽɫ
֮ϣһֲӰ̫ߴ󣬵ȴһֱֲӵĸо˾ֻԷ
ŷһҶܹоڶԷϣһϢܻһ磬һضҪߵ
һµǿߣڻ߾硣ŵѪ⣬˻𣬻һЩףЩǿߡ
ŷ֮Ӱ۾һ϶
µ类ˣг˿ֲϢޱȵɱڼǧ硣
ѪһĮ飬߸ϡ
Ǻˣŷʵ
ħħǵԺǵشŷ磬һϣ֮䣬ŷоһѹԼϣִĸо
ֺܷǷ˵Ҫ
һˣʲôӵĴڣŷ粻⡣
ǰѾΪһŷװףԷҪ
˯ҪˣѪҴһϵҫûдŷĴ㣬˵Ļ
ˣֻһͨʿҫҪǰǸ˰ɣֻҪһͿˡŷЦʲôƨҫţû˻װ׸һ˺ôνҫ벻ʲôö
Ϊһ壬ΪѪһ֣㾹ȻԸ⣬ѪȻǲʶô̾Ǹ϶Ӵˡ
ŷԼܹһޱȵԼ
ٲʶôҲǿΪѪɵ𣿱䣬ͱɣʵ̫ЦˡѾ¶ݣŷҲΣֱЦ̬쳣
һ棬ҸղŴҫȻܣֻ㳹׵ʧˡ
ĻӳµһУŷ˹
ֲѹùŷȫסˣмĸо


1086 ͬھ
ʵ̫ˣǻߡŷӲȴĵȻʱ׷̳֣ŷ綼ΪܹȵԼҲǻߣҲʲô⣬Ȼ޵УԲǰ׷һֻи߾ܹԸġ
ӣԽԽˣȻһ֣㲻ö𣿡һ׷̲֪ʲôʱ֣߻
ʱ׷̳֣һֻѹ䣬סĿ⡣
۾ӿֲˣŰ׷̣Щȵ˵㾹Ȼз䡣
ܾȣڰ׷̵ķȻ𾪵˼㡣
ôˣδȻֻǷؽڵɱϣǧܹ꣬ġ׷Ц
ƾһ˿ıȥˣ㶼֪Ȼű飬ȻЦЦЩ̡
ð׷üͷһ壬Щɻ󣬲˼
֪㲻ףҲģȻǶˣڶȥɣʹɱһ̣ҲܹɱǡԵúǿƣûнǷС
׷ЦŷǶȻͻȻðµ档
ǧǱޣҾ͵һ̣ȻֻһȼշĴԴٴɱ㹻ˡ׷̴ЦԵЩȻ
ŷɫһ䣬ܵ˰׷ڵ״̬Ҫ׷̡
ңֻһֻҪ岻ҾԶڡ׷̴Ц
ɫЩÿû뵽׷̾Ȼ˾ֱȼշĴԴе㷸ֹˣɱؼʱ򣬴ʱսǿȻ֮ǿ󣬵ȼ˴Դİ׷һսͬ׷˵ܹǧꡣ
ɫˣ׷̴Ц˰ɣӣô򵥵ģȻҪӣҪа׼
սʣΪԼˣ廹ڣѵ͸оıѾ𣿡Ц³һϢ
׷Цһʵʲô˼
ŷҲȣ׷˵ıӡһµĵطֻл߲ܹıȳ
˵׷̵ıδúúõģȴ˵׷̵ıѾˣӣȻ˵ѡ
ı壬ѾֻתˣѾǵսʣȥսʽ᳹С˵
ܡ׷̾ɫѿ֮ǰûʶǴʱͨѣ׷ȴһָоԼı壬Ҳĳ⣬תˡ
˵ŲܣѾˣ׷㲻ҪƭԼˣѾңѾˡЦԵúʹ졣
׷ʱȴƽ˵ΣʹתȻûֻѣǧһ㸶ֵˡ
ʦСŷ󷴶ԣʶԭ׷ȥˣˣǰĲһȻԸ⡣
Ȼŷ԰׷̵ʱеɵⲢʾŷ԰׷̲أ෴ŷ԰׷ĺи飬Լ׽ˡ
Ϊ飬ûʲôԵģ޵У޵У޵УŷҼס⼸仰ǳΪߣҪ۷壬ʮ֣ܹɹˡ˵׷ϵӵĿ£лϢɢޱȣÿһƣܹɱһϹŴնһ硣
Ƿˡŭ
׷̹Ц˹ȥȻһŹ⽫ŷУͳ档
һе飬һ˲䶼ˡ
ŷֻоǰһڣǿУŷߣǸ£Ŀռ䣬Լ׷̵һ̾ԭˡ
ŷд챯һſŴը飬ǳʧˣŷŭ񣬻ɱƾأһŭ𣺡ұɱ㡣
µɱ⣬һ콣ն˳ȥûŷڴϢڱУɫ
һΣ׽ǰȥִԵ÷ǳأùŷ޷ܡ
վһߣܹܵŷȴ֪ôȰŷ磬ֻվһߣŹŷ緢й
ãҲһգҲһ꣬ŷŻָЦһ˵Ϣ£ָ
һۣŷ˵÷ֱˡ
΢΢ԥȻ˵ټ
ŷ绯һʧϽĴسȥ
ЩӵĿ˹ŷһۣҲԶȥҲͬȥϽأֻǲǹŷϤκεط
Ͻ֮Щĵǹŷ翴һĻ϶𾪡


1087 ±°
ŷصϽصʱʥԺԶùŷһǽ½¹Ǹ·Ҫܶʱ䡣
û뿪ʥԺϻȥҵһջϢ
𣿡ָŹŷ磬ľȡ
Ѫû뵽ȻˡҲۡ
˵ĿⶼŹŷڵСԺ棬۷׷ס
ŷüЩˣҲ֪뷢ʲô飬ĻЩ˲
СԺ˳Ȼһʵλѣ׳ʲô飿
㲻֪һʵǿǴʱȴ졣
ŷҡͷմ֪߳ʲô顣
֮˽٣ǿдħŮ˵ҪħŮԼŮˡǸ³һϢ
ŷ۾һɣһɰɱǸѪɫȻ
һĻŷŷӦԷǸת޸Էе˺
λѶԲ𣬿ɷΪϸ˵һ顣ŷ˵̬ȷǳá
Ͻ֮УһС֣ƽʱᱻأҶԷǹŷĸ˽ܡȻͷΪŷ署ľ
ԭŷ治ã֮صˣϽУħŮ쿴ħŮȻ֣ħŮסˡ
ûȥŷ羪ȣЩš
ħŮ⣬ǿ϶Թ۲Ŷԡ
ȻȥǸ֮صǿߣķǳ£춼սˣԯݺҲ֣һ㱻ɱߡǸ˵
ˣԯݺһ㱻ɱŷһ𣬶ԷʵԵľˣֲܹħŮס
ԯûг֣ŷɻ
ûУǲ֣Ǻܶ˱ǿ߲ˣھЩƮҡǿ߿۹أҪһǿ֣߳ˡǸش
ܵϮһ㱻ٵŷ𾪣üͷȻ뿪ʱ䲻ǹŷȴһֺİĺøоϽǷ˺ܴı仯һ
Щŷʵ
ıԵ֮أû뿪ڵȴʲô˳һǸ˵ѵڵңŷ˼
Ǹ΢΢ԥһ£ſ˵в²ЩڵǵĿ꣬񲢲ħŮҪͨħŮ
лˡŷлȻóʥҩݸǸ
Ǹϲʲ̫ڣʥҩ棬ͻ˲٣뵽ŷлĸмɫ
˵Ķ¶Ľ飬ʥҩϽ磬ϡ֮ھȻô׵õˣֻǻش˼仰ѣ׬Ҳʵ̫ˡĿƵĶŹŷ磬޲ҲشŷһЩ⣬ȻŷԼһЩʥҩġ
Ȼŷ粻Ը֪ħŮΣ֮󣬹ŷΨһ뷨ҵħŮȳ
ŷҪ뿪ʱһȺ˳֣סǰ
ʥҩһ߾ʿ裬ϢҲǿ󣬿˽ˡ
ǵϣһѪ£ŷ֪ɣѪţѪ棬ѪĴӶ۷ս
һ˫ҲǺǿˣȻû򣬵ҲԸǣһɣƽʱǳ裬ȻһЩ콾Ķ
ֻԶԶŷ罫ʥҩݸǸ񣬱˹ûŷݡ
Ҫҵ顣ŷĮ˵һĶûС
ӴǣǵӲСȻҺǳǣ֪˭Ϊ׵ǸЦһ߰ӣûнŷС
ʵǳأͽѪ³ǣǽĳǳأѪŵĸݵء
Ҳ֪֪ٸҵǰᣬˡŷɫ
ƾ㣬ЦΪ׵ǸߴЦһ̣ЦʧĮ˵Ȼ㲻ʶôֵǣɱϵĶ
Ѫŵ˷ǳᣬ˵˵ŷ֡
Щ֪ŷݵˣһֱֲӵĸоһȺҪɱŷ磬ֱԼ
䡣
ŷ֣縡ֱ֣ѪһȺ˶ֽȥϵ𶯣ȫڵһʱը顣
Ѫŵĵӣȫɱһ㷴ĶûУˣŷг˾
ǿʵ̫ǿˣǵ޵зɡ
һȺ׳աŷ糰
˭ɱҵĵӡŷĻ䣬һֲϢ߳˹


1088 칷ʹ
ʣһ۷սʵǿĿ£۷ս죬һ磬ھԵĸ߽۷ս˵ʵϹŴУҲǿߡ
ŷһɴϣˣɫƽ
ɱҵӣ˽ŷ磬µĿⶢڹŷϣҪһ㡣
ŷ翪ڣ¡¡Ǵ죬ޱȡ
ȻһףǴʱĺܿ£һ޵еơ
Ǹ۷ս̲סһŷУһ˿ء
ҲӦѪŴã㡣Ǹ۷սŭʮ
ɱƵȻоŷ粻ǣȴȴղУϲĵӣȴŷɱˣȻưոݡ
ûôϻҪ֣ɣҵҪʶһ£һ۷ս𵽵жǿ󡣡ŷɫĮ
סɱΪѪ𡣡
Ǹ۷սȣŷ֣һȭѪ죬һ
죬֮һƬѪɫ𶯣ȫգſֲɱŷС
ŷվ𶯣һµĲƴȥֱӱѪ
ʲô˾˼ĶŹŷ磬Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣһ۷սĹʵƿ¡
ѪȻҲЩ𾪣ŷֱ֣еϡ
һһ׵ĴڣܹĹɫһѪֺ֣գһѪظ֣ƺƵаϢв˻ɢųԹ
һѪɫգŷѹ¡
ǼµһĻѪɫ쵶֮жȻ綼ڡ
ɱ
ŷȣһɱ춯أǧ硣ɱ⣬۳һ쵶գնѪɫ
µײѪɫѣ쵶飬ͬʱʧϡ
Ѫ𾪣˼ĶŹŷ磬ʵ㵽˭
ǹŷ硣ŷ翪ڣԼ֣Ѫ̲סˡ֪ǰΪʲôôˡһ񾳽磬ܹϹŴһսǿߣӵ֮ͬ޵еͷˣȻͻƵ߾硣
ֲùŷսı㣬ŷڵʵɱϹŴˡ
뵽һ㣬Ѫ𵹳һһһзȥŷû
һⷢȥϢһ۷ս쾳磬һһϹŴ࣬Դһͷɫĳչ֮ա
˶ǿǷ˹Ѫվһ
ʦѪһǸ۷սѪʦѪ棬ҲѪŵһʼ档
ʵǿ۷ս죬εĸУԵˡ
һͷǿߣǺӣŹŷ磬һĨɭȻһ˿ȡ
ǹŷ硣
Ǹͷǿʵ͸һɺ⡣
ʲôŷ練ʡ
칷һʹ߹һרȥġǸͷǿ߿ڣԳƹΪ칷һʹߡ
칷ƺŷֻڻĵĴ˵ϽУδ˵ȺڶԷһʹߣϹŴľ磬ŷ粻òһµȺȻδʵˡܿܣⲻϽеȺ
ǿе֮ء˵
ŷȻֲδ˵ϾϽֿµȺûмʶҲӦ˵ŶԣڶԷͻȻðЩȡ
ûȤȥŷ絭Ŀڡ
ҪΥ칷һٻ۾ʱ¶һĨŭݡ
ֻ˵Ļδ˵Ļһ߹ˣȻЩٻûκȤŷ΢Щ˵
ʵϣǳûкøУԷɱҶԷ̬ʵ̫ˣǶԴԼʹһ
ŷǺεȽ֮ˣȻԶԷһף˵Էֻʲô칷һʹߣһߣŷҲӡ
칷һ壬ĿڹŷϣһĨɱ
Ȼŷ칷һӣŭˡ
ɱҾΪҸܲɱ⣬ҪǰԼΪԶǹʹ칷Ҳһŷ˵һ㶼ȻǵˣҪһ㶼Ĵ
칷һ߹ޱȣԲֱ΢ܹģȥɡŭ
գóԲÿһԪӭƷһͻأ


1089 
׼һս񣬴ʱ̲סĿɿڴǽĿ·ȥһ֣ڽս£һȫǹա
һֻֻһգͽУȻ̲ס̾һ¶ӡ
̫óˣ칷һ⣬ǱͨĹǿ˭ҪԣÿһԪʯԲԲƭʵǸ˵Ʒ
ʵϣܶĶΪ칷⣬Ҿ磬һ߾ǿ߱նɱܹʣû˸ҪƷǶ칷һʹ߹۾Ҫɳˣŭ
ڳɣĸҳԣԻڵһʱ佫Ǹɵ
ѵϲǺÿϧ칷ζǺõףҳԹóԵĹˡ̾Щơ
һĽͽԼ͵УеĲٴֻʿˮǾⶫһǳóԡ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˲Ǳˣڤڤ֣Цʮ
ϣѣⶫ͸ԡڤЦеӣֱ˳ȥŷ˹ȥ
ŭһָһɫħ˸棬ʱը飬ɢ֮䡣
ԭ£϶֪ʲô˷ɳܵ𣿡ڤˬָŹ𱸵
ҵǼɱģҪˡ
ʵ磬мʧȥϵϲڤһӹ֣˵֪ļȥˡ
ɱҵǿζĲ϶Ҫһڡڤ̤񷣬Цеʵùһ㱩ߡ
Χˣǳ鴤ùԼһǹġ
Բ˹ǲԹģԲ𣬶ҵĴڤ˵һǸⶼǷ
Ϲ⻪һһճ֣磬˱ǣֱӷ˹ŷ硣
ɣһ£ҺøҲĻСڤЦ˵
ŷֱһҧһ룬Ũζڿըʳŷ罫ճԵȻڤ˵һ룬㶮á
ٰڤ󺰵һˬӡ
ɵϹһ롣ŷָָ
ʱڤӶɳˣһԼĿˮȻ˵а𣿡
ٷ֮١ŷ˵
ɽڤʹ졣
ʮձóùŷ鶼һɳû뵽ڤȻô
ɱ˼칷Щкܶ඼ͳȥˣֻʣµһ㡣ڤٺЦ
ŷŹҪð۾ٴһա
ɱ칷һ壬Ƕŭ˸Ż⣬Źŷǣɱ⡣
㣬һ·ɱ˶޹飬ǵУ˲бһ壬ϣǶۡڤŭ
ħ˸ȴ˸о䣬һַǳʥĸоŷ羪ȣħʥħеʥˣӲȻΪħǱȴ
һ·ߣħʥһСľͻʧҪдܹɹҲڽΪ֮ڤʵܹﵽ߾Ҳ˵
Լ·ħȻħʥɾռǿߣһ׶ΣߣҪдܹɹ
΢ֻ࣬ǵĿɱǣǵҡЦ
칷һ壬ҲֻĿұȻҪֳһطˡڤЦ죬¡¡һֿµľġ
ɫԼ֮䣬һδǰ߾ļһҲܹһ㡣
ʶɫ䣬ڤϣ˿µɱ⡣
˵Ĳ칷һʲôҲ˵ϣҿǲǿŷҲڣ֪ԷΪ֮ɱ졣
ѪѪ棬Ϊ壬ȴһɱ¾ļһһҲڤڣֳǹɱ⾪졣
ССһߣҲɱǣֱһЦЩͨˣһ㣬ܹΪѵĿǵңҪǺһȺᲢۡѪЦͲ⣬ȻһȻĸоΪ飬ǵҡ
ڳĺܶʿŭѪ棬ɫһ˿ŭǲǹŷ磬Ȼҷ
һ۷ս𣬲˭ģڻֹһ۷սһ̶ֳȵǿߡ


1090 ǿս
Ȼܶ˲ޣʱҲұ֣վģֻйŷˡʿĲ룬֪飬ʵʿĺĻϽ磬ʿˣﻹʲô֮ء
ȻһµĴ壬Ҳʿǿ߶ࡣ
ȻˣҾ㿴˭ϡŷЦ׼ˡ
ѪȻ˵ȴҲףŷ߾֮ʵĺܿ£ܵ
ֻһսڤס˹гǹ𶯣ֱָ
ǼǿƵսڤʵŷֱ֮źܴĽʱףսɲ⡣
ɫأûпڤʵڤҳ֣ͱʾ㹻ĵ¹
ۡ
ڤǹᶶʱնˣɭȻȻһɱ˹ȥ
ǹ֮ڹ˸̺ſµħ˺һУȻ΢΢ɫĳչɨ˳ȥ

һµ춯𾪣һ˴һƽ֣ڤˣȴӼᶨˡ
սʮ㣬أһսħգУ¡
ͬʱŷǱҲչս۷ս𣬶ϵǿߣΪʦͽˣΧŷһ
µսŷһжϱһɿֲĽ⣬Ӳ۷սĹ
Ǽ产˵һĻҪ֪ŷԵģɲʲôܲײˣ۷ս𣬶֮ϵľǵʵܿ£ֵĻ޽ġ
Ǵʱȴŷѹơ
ԶڤӶɳˣһָ̬ӿˡ
ǿߴսһƬ򶼱ˣҺϽ֮УûνͨˣʹһˣҲ˾ΪȫߣѪ³ǻڹŷǵսС
ۡ
ڤһУһ㱻ն
ͬʱеĳǹֱӶ˹ͷ­ϣȻ󶶶ǹͷ­顣
˽֣ѪޱȣһϹŴһߣȴΪܳ콾ܾħͽҪսһ𣬾µ˼㡣
Ѫ£һѪӣһƬһƬѪ꣬ܶ¶̰ɫǿߵѪǵõһ㣬һЩΪϵ͵˵ֱ˵õıҩ̵ܹʱڣһߵľ硣
Ȼû˸ҽ˽սսĻԵսನʵ̫ǿˣǵǵʵ;ܲ
ϹղҴĹͷһӾҪĹޣעһ㰡ڤһսһ溰ùɫࡣ
޳ܵǣڤ˵ˣһˡֱҪץֻеֿ
ȻȻǱٵ˵Ҳʲô£˲Ļʵ̫ˣǴȥ˵һܸܵˣûˡ
һʱ֮䣬ԵЩţڤѹ·硣
ֻءŷݺֻѹ£Ѫñ飬Ȼֳָ֣絶ֱһ㽫Ѫ롣
һ˶ս۷ս𣬹ŷռ˾ԵϷ硣ʵȻѪǿҲܱȵù콾еЩǿߡħߣÿһѪѪ𣬵ȴ˵Ĺŷˣڹŷʵָ۷״̬һ˴ħߵˣһ¡
ѪѪһۣ˶ԷеĺȻŷʵ̫ǿˣǵ
һףѹǣ̫ǹŷǿˡǶһۣܹԷеأĺпҪ׶༪١ֻɱ˹ŷ磬ǵΣܹȥ
˶һָۣˡ
һѪºգѪУֱѹһѪ£ɢϣ綼Ҫֲùŷɫء
˫ӡֱӴһ¾
ħʬĳ֣ս˻𣬳˿µɱ
¾Ѫ£ʱѪ±УѪ淢һҽУеŷɱȥҪѪɱ
ڴʱѪ˹ȥڹŷǰ棬ĳ֣ŷĹ۷սȫһʱ֮䣬ŷ羹Ȼѹƶ֡
ɫȻٴδһ¾񣬽Ѫɳȥѣһ㱬ˡ
ŷ΢΢ЩϢ¾ֿµֶΣǷǳ󣬵ȴ̫ˡʹоЩľ޴
ѪѪĵֵ˳ɫףŹŷ磬ղоϢѪʱ֣ѪѾŷɱˡ


1091 ɱ칷
ŷһ˶ս۷սȫѹƶ֡
̾Զľ룬֮ս
һߣڤ빶ѪսȫըѣѪɱ죬ͣչԾ졣
ڤʵ£ħ˸ħ֣ͣ칷ʹ߹ѣҪˡ
칷¡һֻ󹷺գ˫ᣬſ죬ֲϢͣǵ֮ű򿪣Ҫڤɡ
ڤޱߣڤȣһ磬ޱȣŲ֪ΰ𶯡ӿס˹칷¡
ֻЩĻˡڤĮ˵ǹգֱӽ޴칷
𣬻壬ĸһɫǹѪ䣬Եúܿ¡
𶯣Ҫѳ
ڤЦ壬ǹ˳ȥڲԶһɽ棬ȻĽ档
˶ڤ𺳣Ǻε𺳵ĳ棬һµϹŴһɽϣµľ
һߣŷ֣ɨ۷սѪ屻򱬼ʮΣѪȾ񷣬˺ȻĶһۣŷսʵ̫ˣ߽׵۷ս֣ȻǹŷĶ֡
ѪȣͷѪ裬һѪºգѹ¡
ѪޱѪأһƬ䣬Ѫ죬ҪһС
ŷ𶯣ֱӳ
ѪѪͬʱ飬𣬱ɳȥ
ֻءŷֻ֣𶯹Ž񣬽ǸСǿޱȣƵ嫺һҪֱˡ
һֻ֮ϵ˳ն۷սϣѪ顣
˻ҪһιŷĵҪǣ˼սΧСҲܳ
ƵŷˣɫѪ춯أߵһŷı̫ˣȻ۷ϹŴҲˡ
ѪغѪҽУģŷļ˿ҡսʧ֮䡣
ԽԽ̬ˡڤ̾ΪԼΪͻƣҲܹѹƹŷˣȴû뵽ŷҲ߾磬ʵӿ¡
㲻ҲһףһϹŴǿ߶ɽ£ȥԾˡŷ˵
ڤٺһЦûе⣬һУǹ˻ɽ֮ϵĹը飬ԪҪߡ
ڤЦһɫĹ˹ȥԪסһµĺɫȼ׻ɱ
ɢ֮칷⣬ڤûпһۣʵֶһ˵ҲǴ֮Ƕڤ˵òʵԽ˹ʵ
һУȻ뿪
һɽֱۣ֮˵һߡŷ֪Լ絽ڣȻѾʮʱ䡣
Цҡҡͷʱ䣬ᵽˡʵ϶ּǿ˵ǧ궼ڵָ֮䶼Ƿǳġ
ŷȴ̫Ӧʵǿʱ̫ˡʵڤһʱʵˣͱȽϴģǧĶˣʱ˵ûʲô塣
սʰ׷ǰȡ壬Ӣۺܣ֮УȻΣգҺһûȥȻĻ벻ʲô³ڤ̾
ǸսϹŴ繷ֻи콾ɾ͵ϹŴ񣬲ܹӰ˷ȻˣҲױɱΪǿ̫ˡʮߣжٸ콾˭˵
û뵽ӮˣҼˡڤ̾
ʵڹŷμ콾ʱǶΪŷܹΪһϾǸʱľʵ̫ˣȻ츳ˣҪȡʤҲܡǹŷ׷̣ʵľӮˡ
Ǹ֮£ŷ绹ʤˣΪ˵һ
ɶѣʦ֣ҲӮˣǼ쵰̫ˣһҡŷ˵
ԺȻҪǵ鷳ҪģҪ´Ⱥ˵оȳ˵ħŮ飬ڤɫ΢΢Щ
Ҳ֪µ飿ŷ羪ȡ
ڤͷЦ˵֮ǰһħľУͨ˾ǳˣ칷Щ쵰֪ħŮ飬͵Ϯ칷һһһɵû뵽ͳˡ
ԭԭ򣬹ŷͷ𣬵ЩʲôˣҶǺùҶҵѣĲǡ
֮صǿΣΪԼһϽ粻ܹеĵطڤͬ˸


1092 Ұ
˵ĺãǾܳȥɱʲôЩ϶סһϳһߣһͷţƵʮǿޱȡ
𡣡ŷԷһ
˲Ǳˣǵӣţ֮ɡ
öµ飬Ѿ֪Ǿ֣ܳɱһƬײ𣬴ʱҲһ˿ɱ
ǰӦ֪µΪβ֣ŷʵ
䣬ҡͷ˵ǲ֣֮ܳƴҵǳ֣Ȼˣǳ־Ͳһˣʱ˵С֮ǳû㵽ȥǳĴһǸ𵲻ȥ
ĻŷһѾ׵˼ˣ֮أеҪƴϽ綼ɵڵеϼһЩĸ֡
и⣬Ҫѯǰŷ뵽һ飬̲סڵ
ǿ˹ŷ˼˵ֻ߲д֮ʱŻԻ֮غ֮ǲ롣
лҳ֡ŷЩޡ
˭˵߲ԣŷ쳣ƣһ쵰Ҫ֣һ㽫ץߡ
ô£ʵ
ŷ罫һε˵˳Ӿȡ
ֻ£ܹݻһֻأܹȡֻأϲĻǸͨ˵Լжϡ
ŷͷ϶Ĳ²⡣
ֻǳˣϽɻߵͨ£ϻ죬ڤݻֻأƿ˵Լ֪Լ顣
ֻؾȻôŷ綼ˡʵֻص̫ͨ⣬¾ĻֻԵþЩͨˡ
ǵ˵ܣŷûиܵ
İɣǸ߲֣Ļ߶һ٣ǰȫġ˵
ŷŷģλǰܣǷǳεġ
ӼȻ˵Է֣Ͷ벻֡
ʩչһֻظҿһ¡˵
ŷͷԥͣѹȥֻ֮Ƶޱȣŷȴü
ΪӣֻصܣѾˡ
δֻؾ裬ݻֻأһУҪԼ־ȥֻܹسԲָ㣬˵ŷĲ㡣
־ȥŷ˼˫ٴݻһֻأ֮󣬹ŷ罫ͨɢ˼
شΨֻأֻأǱ˵סӴȡ
ŷһ˫ݻһֻأ͸ղŵȫһɱ֮춯أӸ˹ȥ
ҪкòãӿЦãֹŷеˡո򣬾ͽĶ
תֻ飬ӵһ£Ȼȵʵղʩչ˼
㡣ŷʵ˵
ŷֱڿһʵһһȻҲûôϾһŷ粻ֻһһ׵Ĵڶѡ
ȿȣǲЩ쵰Ķ֣ʲô⣬ڿõˣˣҲɡӿڣţ뿪
ڹŷڤǶһۣ磬뿪
Ұ֮أڣĳУǿƣȫڿϷＸ춼սǿߣʱ͵Ϯһ³еפǷʤ
һǿ߳𣬴ӳг쳤Х˫ߣһ˹ȥ
ը飬һӰ֣Уϴűɱħ˲Ǳˣԯݺᡣ
ᣬޱȣſµĹâһɫʸȥ
ǸǿЦſ³һӣʸ飬ޱȣ˸⣬һֻ£Ҫɱԯݺᡣ
֮ѹ֣֡Ϊһѹ¡
ܱǸǿߺɣʱǼӰӳǳгɱ졣
˶һۣתӣԲսЩ׷Ȼӵ쳤Х˿µɱ⡣
һµӰգ͵ĶǸߣ죬Ѫ񷣬ɱ⶯ء
ϧ׼ЩԽԽɱˡԯݺ֮⣬üĲˬ
̫٣Ҳ֪ЩһﵽʲôôûյϢǾ룬Ȼûйŷ磬ҲδսЩˡԯݺüͷ


1093 Ϯ
ͷ϶ǳʲô⣬Ȼǿ϶ѾˣȺϼһﶼԸ֣ǼɵʲôֻпԼ
Ŭɣ֮ظ̫ˣ˵ֻһȺû뵽ô£һӱ߳ʮϹŴ񡣡ԯݺЦ
ʮϹŴʵ̫ˣȴ˭ܵУһʱ䣬Ϊв̶ͬȵߣҲһ˴սлսܶԷʮϣֻҪֻбĽ֡
µǵ죬ǸһϹŴΪѾڳ磬ļһʵ˿ѷ߱ĴڣǵʵɱļһЦ
뵽ԷǸ죬̲סüԷ֣Сԯݺᣬǲһ㱻ԷɱѪȾ
ǶһۣܹԷеΡΪԼʵݺˣǲ֪ԼԶԶûʸֻ֮ǳһȺʵʵ̫ˡ
ȥһħϢ˳֣ԥ֣ɱһϹŴ
ԷȻû뵽Ȼ˸͵ϮԼʱУķѡԪ𶯣죬Ҫɱ͵Ϯߡ
͵ϮߵķӦ죬һ֣ӿ£ɱ⾪ؼ䣬񷶼ȾһƬѪɫ
һѪɫͣ˳ȥնǸϹŴԪ
ǸϹŴŭԪһ㱻飬ŭһ߶ȥ
ʱǿҲӦǳ֣ɱ͵Ϯߡ
͵ϮһЦתߣߵʱ򣬴һħ⡣һߵϣԷɱ
ϹŴʩչأֱ۳Ҫã͵Ϯս죬һֱ뿪
˭ŭʵɱ⡣
ǹŷϽеѣһİǿߡ˻ش
ҲҪҡǿߴһϹŴǿߣ˵ǸϹŴǱˣõѣһ˵ĺأʹûҲҪʵȫʢʱڵΪ
ǡ
Щ߹ĻشȻʼֲҡ
ŮˣҲҵѣҶŮˣҹʲô壬ɱ⡣͵Ϯ֮߳⣬ɫĮ
ǹŷ϶ܹϳ˲Ǳˣ½ҰħҲϽ磬Ϊĺܿ죬Ѿﵽ߾磬ս쳣ǿ
ˣղǸ˲ǹŷϽѣһҰħǿߣǹŷѡãЩ̽Ϣˣ˻ǸϹŴϢ
ߣ˭ˣɱǿߣȻĲϹŴ˵ĿɭȻ
䡣
Ļ䣬һʥϢãã纣ϹŴսλû
˻һٴܵ˿µĹն䣬ϹŴ顣
彣գѹأǻһŮӣ·ɱ
ĳУӰѪƣ彣ĹסȻ彣Χ£ȥ
彣һȻŮ뿪
Щǿƣ۾ˡȴŷŵģȴ˲ͣΧʧ˲ˡ
ϹŴ񶼱ˣ߸Ǳɱ˲٣ŭ졣
Ȼ֮أ嶼ǿƵĴȺûܵơ磬ǸǾԼһȣǲͣıбһɻ
ĳģһСԺУħŮɫƽĶ棬һӣѪɫսףӢΰ
һ˫ӶħŮϣһ˿ԡ
ҲϲģİɡħŮɫĮҲԷһۣǱץסڶȼһ
ΪʲôʵдһĨѱ
ΪѾϲˣУ㲻ħŮ˵
ŷ硣ʵ
ħŮش
¶һĨмŷ콾УҲóˣٵ꣬ĻұҪع֮ء
ΪҶսħŮɫ͸һɲм
΢΢üȻ˵
ЦΪ˵õŷĻѪԲŻȴģҪ˶ɵӣ壬ڱ˵ҲأǶ˵ʲôҸָɱһλħŮɫм
ǹŽǿߣܹһ㲢ϡ棬ҿԱ֤ҽһᳬԽϵģҪ޵ˣһǿߡŵ˵


1094 Χ
ħŮ¶һĨЦգǿǸΰӰڸ
Ҫ޵ˣԻǸ콾µǿߣǸ˾Բ㡣
ЦȥɫĮɱ졣
һ񾳽ķѣҲܹȣֻҪҳ֣ұȻնѪȣƬؼ䣬ĳܲסѹȫڵأһЩ߾ǿ߶ˣǻɫ԰ס
ֻЩ߽ߣܹѹȻˣҲǻ
ϣʱ㻹˵ĻħŮЦǸܲơ
һǵصѹС
˳ȥ뿪
ħŮгţŹŷ磬һܹԼоȳȥʹһϹŴĿ´ڡ
ĳ⣬ǿƣٵǿӰھ֮ϣĳǡǶڵȴŷĳ֣ڴһײҲڴŷ⣬Ѫκǿ˵ǼõĶ
Ӱ֣ǱųУޱȣ˺Ѳ񷡣
ʺͽӡ֣ɽӣѪ죬ȻһЩϹŴ񣬶¶ȵɫΪ߰˽ףɳˡ
Դӵǿˣ¶һϣ˲ӡ
ʺͽӡδ֣У䣬ĳǵķɫĮʺͽӡҲˣ˵Ϊܿ죬ҪΪˡڶǿۣˡ
˵ΪŷԭԴǱ츳Ѿµǿˡ
һսеô򵥣δѹƣ˵ǰ彣֣ѹǺӣŷͽһ𣬲һ㽫һϹŴɱˡ
һȺ˳׳ɳˣǵˣȻ֮أҲܺϽ磬ǿܹɱǡѪڣ˵⡣
һӣ׷ɢ磬Ѫ죬ɢſµϣĳǡ
ۻʣȻҲˡʿϳ˵ݣ̲ס
ԵۻҹѩΪҪܵŷ㻯ǻŷˣһγ֣ΪħŮ˵һϢ
˾ȣۻʶ֣ŷ磬ҪܵĹҪˡ
ȻˣԯݺᡢҰħš彣ˣҲɱĹʮϹŴ񣬶ǻһϹŴǿڣһ޵еˡ
ڡ֣ħ죬Ԧһͭսһֻꪣɢſµɱ⡣
ɱһۣҲΪ˸߾磬ޱȣվһУȻϹŴҲɵޱȡ
ţǺڤ֮⣬ŷѼˣǰֵԯݺǣ˵һɺܿµ
ȻˣҲûг֣ԷʮϹŴ񣬼һϹŴĲǶ֣ǿĻ³ܲá
ҲûгʮϹŴϵĽʵˣɫĮ
֪ŷ᲻֣˵
ְɣд˵ŷ콾ϣȡ˵һѾˡʿϢͨ˵ԼĴš
콾һ찡ҪϹŴսܹɣŷǳ֣Ѱˡ
Щ˵ŷɱϹŴǿߣʵɲ⣬ɴȣĿϹŴĸˡ
콾⣬˼ȫ𣬹ŷδܹҲЦԹŷ绳кĵ⡣
һȺ۷׷ףڲ²ŷ᲻֡ʵϽǣҲڵȹŷ֣ͬһ콾һǱʤĿܣڳֻ֣Űɧһ»УԿǲǶ֡
Χǣȴû˶֣ԯݺҲ֣ۼһɫĮĳǡ
Ұħû뵽ҲϽ硣ɱ񿴵Ұħɫ̾ܵҰħսµĲ
ǵһϽˣȻһֱǱޣų˵ѣǰԮҰħɫĮĿڡ
һγֵ˾㣿һնɱһϹŴ񡣡ԯݺǾϲһǿԮ˵һϲ¡
Ұħҡҡͷ̾ϧջǹһûնɱԷ
ȻԼսǳĲ⣬Ҳ𾪣ŷѣһһ̬Ե壬¾һĴУֲֹɡ


1095 ս
ԯݺǶ̲סЦҰħʵ̫̬ˣս⣬֮еˣһ˵ĸо
Ҳ֪ʦܷЩˣǵĶ֡Щġ
ԯݺһһָоŷһѾ߸ˡ
𣿡Щȡ
ҵĸоԯݺ˵
һǿߵĸоȻҲţȻԯݺ˵ˣǶЩڴϣŷһ㵽
һȺϣɸһսһϹŴǿߣȰֻһ㣬Įڿնսԯݺǡ

ۻʰ׷趯ֱӳ֣һۻʽޱȣһֱǾɱ
һ޴ĻӰֲ֣ޱȣŵۻʵĶӰ·˻¡
ϹŴҶԿպɳȥȾѪ
˶𾪣ۻʵʵƿ£ȻֱӺһϹŴǿߣĿɲˡ
ǿҲţֹܹܳʱ䡣ǸϹŴЦĮĶŵۻʣסɱ˽ǡ
ۻʲ磬ǲɱһ
˼սѣ˫˫ȾѪˣʱҲ֪ۻʵʵ߰˽ףûн߾磬Ҳ൱£ȻһϹŴǿսһƽ֡
ս԰ˣԳǹǿһˡ
ʵϣΪ߾֮Щ콾֮ʵܴı仯Щ˻һǿ߸ǿҲЩǱþƽ
ۻʣȻǱǿĴڡ
ȻΪϽʮ콾߰˽ףܹң㿰ƹǿ˽ˡЦû̫ڼɵ
ۻʲվУȻǿ˲ȴܰǸûǵĻ
ʵ֮أҲǶôĺбǿˣǵ죬߰˽ףɱһϹŴĸǿߣ֮£ԶˡǴЦ³һϢ
˻һȻԯݺǵɫˡ
߰˽ףɱϹŴ죬ôŶһҶԷѾϹŴˣкεȿµսԯݺ
Σͬһ磬ɱɱۻʵ˵³仰졣
ЦƾҲȣֱЦǴЦĳͲм
׳ա
ۻƳһۣɫĮ
Ǹŷ磬ǼҴ˸ǲУҳ֣ҼҴһֶֻܹЦ𶯲񷣬ﶼš
ϣʱ㻹ܹ˵ĻЦͬʱվ˳ָǵɸһս
彣󳤽ᶶս⣬Ƕ߶ףʱȻҪսһϹŴǿߡ
УսǡҲߣǿߣվ˳彣ɫм
һ𣬳ɾһͭͷϳ֣ɢſµϢ
彣û˵ֱӳ֡
µɫâֱն˵Ĵ󶦣ɱ˶Ȼ彣񣬼ֱڿ
ܹоղǿߣɴٿԺϹŴˡ
彣Ĺ£һӶûмֱֵӱɱ
Ǹ߳һϹŴ񣬾죬ޱȣչһѩ׵ɢʥϢգʮɣãã彣ѹ¡
彣ɫأɴʽԷĹ
չײһ˾Ҵս˭Ҳ޷κζԷһƾеս
һֱ彣˻ȥǸϹŴҲ£ԼĳϢǵģʵ̫˭սȥ
޳ܣ°һŮӣвˣģȻ֮صǿ壬ֱЦӡڣ̡
ǿڣǳ⽣ӡ
˶أ޳ܣҪŷĻѪȥɱαֶΡӡЦ˿塣
㹻ĵʵǰЩʱ䣬ǿ߿۹أһٵһλ֣һǱ޵棬ǾѾٵˡ
Ȼˣһս֮棬Ӱ֪Լδ£ǿ϶ʲô⣬ж壬ˬ˼㡣
ħŮ飬˵ˣ¾ӡˡ
ŷǵ󣬱һսҸƽԾĻᡣЦɫмᵽŷ磬ɫ¶һĨġ
ҹƽһսһԯݺǼ¶˷ܵɫ


1096 ŷ
ԯݺЦ
ҰħϣҲ¶һĨЦݣȻϳŷ
ˡɱЦ
ŷ֣ڤͬʱУһ˫ӶǵϣЦ˵ҪҹƽһսĻ᣿
һŷͻȻ֣ȫû׼Ҳ֣ŷʵȻ߾硣
뵽ԼϹŴ죬ȻǹŷĶ֣ҲܣЦһ˵һһ׵ϣбҪƭ𣿡
ȥɡŷֻ֣ظ֡гɱ־ϵ棬ȫſֲɱ⣬С
Թŷ־׵ֻأǰ˲֪ٱ
ɫ䣬ܵв
ơǴ֣Ҫֻء
ɱ죬ֱӽǵ飬ֵĴ˼ɱ
˶ȻôһֿµʵƿֲһҪɱһϹŴǿߣŷʵж£
ˣҡ
Ǵ󺰵ɫ֣ʱֻһԪڣҼꡣ
һֻѪɫĴֺգֱӱֻأȻǵԪ˳Ѫֻ֮ϳ˼Ѫۡ
ȫ̲סɴ۾û뵽޵е˶ˣڹŷ֮ͨ£˿µѪۡ
Ȼ˺̫أȴ֤ŷвǵˣЩеܲˡ

δ߳г˲ǲڵϡ

ֱĻǲŸתָһʵȴ½㣬ŷղų֣˵Ԫ񣬲һ㽫ɱˡ
ԣǲҶ֡ŷղŵı֣ʵ̫ˣȻʮϹŴ񣬵Ҳ˵ܹɱŷ硣ҹŷ粢һˣһȺߣһǿߡ
ѪѪֵҳ֡һӰ֣Ѫ죬ӳһǳض𶯣ҪĽ¡
ŷɫĮڶԷ
ԺҵСĮ˵ѪɫսףһѪУһ˫ӿޱȣڹŷϡļⶼԾĸŵ۹
仰˵ġŷ絭˵ţɫѪء
Ѫţӵſµϡ
ǳΪϹŴҲҿܲĶ֣ڣԲҵĶ֡쿪ڣ¡¡Ǵ𶯡
ΣʵʵϹŷͬ޵У֮Уû˸˵ͬ׵ʱܹŷ硣Ҳ˵еļ֣еѪҲ֣пŷͬۡ
ս֪ŷս졣
ԡ
ڴʱɫͻȻһ䡣һֻ֣·ץ˹ȥŷ֣ͬһֻֽ貣Ĵǰ档
顣
նˣײһһ𣬶̲סˡ
ӰӳгһӢӣϡ֮䣬ţǵӰӣǳ֮ţǡ
ħŮ˳ŷߡ
磬ҰɩӴˡţǺЦ
ĺáŷһ䣬ţǵУħŮӹн˸ûħŮС
һħŮ죬һӡΪȫָ
һõĳХ˻ϲ
Ҿ֪ҡħŮЦʵģΪ֪ŷһܹԼȳ
ҵŮˣû˿۸վں棬ɱ쵰ŷЦ˵ս졣
ŷһǾ˵ģɱ˵ġǿߣһ
ãѾ˳ˣµһӣʵͬȾ磬аɱħŮ쳣ޣǾܱסһֱĸо
£Һʧ˵ᣬ¶һĨ⡣
̫ˣڹŷˣ㲻˵ܹɱҵҪ˭ɱ˭ħŮЦǳˬ
ᣬڹŷϣҾŰɱˣ֪ʲôǿߣҪ㣬ֻҲѡ񡣡
ޱȣһ޵еķɣʵУĴУϣͻƵˣǳܵӡ
սɡ
ŷûзϻ³֣ս⾪졣
ȫѪڣѪ𣬴սϹŴǿߣʷԵһ̣ôһսϽʷᣬΪ˵


1097 ˫ս
˶ţޱȣնݣһµĺڶ
ΪﵽΣժ£ֻһ֣Щڶ˸ɲ˿Ӱ졣
䣡
֣Ѫ񷡣һѪպգѹ¡һػ緭Ѫɫ֣ŷȥ
ˣ
ŷҲ֣ͬʩչֻأɱ֮춯أܣѹѪɫ
գޱȣչײһĨѪ䣬н˸
Ѫŷˡ̲ס
¶ǵɫĿڹŷļһ˿ڣɫѪʣԹԡ
һ֮£ŷ͸ˣʵ̫ˡ
꣡
ҲʱѪɫս׳һƣһѪޱȣħϢ
ԭҲˣһƽɫ
Ҫֳʤһ׵顣
ʿۣ¶ڴɫһս˶ǳ£ս춯ء
ܾѾûҸˡɫ¶һĨɫѪ𶯣˿ϣѪɫսȴȫ飬ʧ
ҵĶ֣϶ҵĶ֣ʤһҡڣͷѪ趯
ѪӰ졣
϶ʱӰȫѪŷ緢µĹ
ŷɫЩܿ£ӵһ˿Զв
¾񡣡
ŷ磬ᴩֱʩչ¾񣬿Էµ
飬ŷȾѪɳȥ
ҲܣԶˣϳһ˺ۣȻҲܴˡ
ܾˣ˶ȡһ׵Ĺŷ磬ȻϹŴʵ£ֱ̫ˡ
ѪȻǿһزЩףΪʲôѪעܹΪˣµѪǲΪĻ˾͸ûʸˡ
ˡŷվ˵
𣿡
Цüķ⣬Ѫֺգһ»Ӱѹ
ŷɫһֻʩչֿµⲻĻӰֻٻһӰӣͽΣȴҲǳ֮¡
ֻը飬ŷٴδüķ⣬罣ն죬ֱӽӰˡ
ȻˣŷҲ𣬲һ顣ʵ̫ˣȻֻлߵΣҲĪܣܵˡ
ѡ
Ƶŷʩչһֶϻֱ꣬ӳ룬ŷɱȥһ֣Ԫ档

һ죬Ԫ𣬲ȴûʲô飬һͭӳԪǰ棬ס˹ŷȭͷ
꣡
ǿͭһƲȴ˲޸ˡ
ŷĿɭȻޱȣϣɫдһ˿ϧղͭӵԭ򣬹ŷ綼Ѿɱˡ

쳤ХʮָĿޱȣڹŷϣɱ
ҷŭˣһḡ֣գϽ񷣬ڤ˿µϢ
ŷһɫЩأԸܵգʵǿһȸղŶҪµĶࡣ
ˣ
緭綼ڲһֻµ˹ŷ
ŷ֣ѪһȭӲڳ棬ŷɫһ䣬һѪʮ
顣
һֻ£ŷ类ѹֱӹС
ХޱȣŴأȻУµĲǷ˾
һӰɳȥŷԡѪһɽ档
ΰ¡
ŷ̲סһ䣬һʱʧ֣ȻԷȫѹƣһ㷴ûС
Ҳȷʵǳ£ϹŴ죬ױܹסˣҲֻˡ
ѡ
ŷٴκȳһֶϻ꣬ҽһķѣȻʵ죬ͨǵס
Ҫ֪Ĵ壬ȻǷˣҲܹһȣħġ
ŷսǺ࣬ȻǴ壬ȻеǿΪˣһܹӾ޴á
ŷû˳ʱɱǲſŷףԡѪͷԶˣȻղų˲СĿ
Ѫɫ𶯣ٴλָɫ΢΢Щ԰ףα˺ȻĲС˾޴ıԴ
۹ŷ磬ȻˣǱԴδźܴģȻ۷״̬
࣬ŭֺգѪƲƣ˾˵ɱ⡣
Ѫ֣ѪȻѪĴˡʿ̲ס
ѪеĳϣҲ˵ʦ𡣡Цһʵ


1098 ȫ
񾪺ѪȻУһʦ𣬹ֲǿơ
ңһֻǳϣʵжǿ
嶼Ͻ壬ҲɫǡϽ磬ܹһƽ⣬Ƿǳοģ֮أϮʱ˭ܹס
뵽˶гء
ǿдһ˿ơ
Ҳû뵽Լһ仰˵ȻΪԼˣĸĵ⣬Щơ
ᣬɨЩ¶Ͻʿʱһ𣬲Ҷӡ
һĨмЦݣ˳
δʩչͨŷնϣֱһȭ
ѪѪײһ𣬿µĲȥŷɳȥ¶һĨЦӲѪ֣ˣԲ࣬ǿƵģ¹ŽС
ѪΣǿԶ˵ıͨұն㡣ŷ綢ս졣
ϡ
Ц̤նУʮִպգѹ¡
ŷǰУͣĴһȭһȭʮִաʳͷŲ⣬ƵսѪڡ
ǳɱһȻֿ飬硣
˺Ȼƣʵǿ£κһȥҪޣ˵Ķ֡
¾񡣡
ŷ¾񣬽ɳȥһֻŲ£һ屬顣ŷҲֱӽŷɳȥһֻȱΣϵ
Ѫ޸壬ǶŶԷʵսز˶˫ʵŶ˽ˡ
ŷʵԱս죬£ɱЩ
Ƕһᣬٴγɱһ
ɫĻѪ޵ħѪɽԵ÷ǳ£ȻǸߣǵѪҺᱻѪҺ̺ɱ顣
˴սر飬񾪲ʱ˭˵ˣֻӰڽµ档
ۡ
ŷһնİ壬һֱۣҲ飬ѪȾ񷡣
ȫˣĿɭȻһˡּ棬һˣǱĽ֡
Ѫ죬ϴսǳ޾ǿУһƬƬǳ飬ǻ١
µ棬һϹŴ񣬶ҽӽᱻɱ
·۹һͻȻħŮǳ֡
޳ܡ
ۻŭһǵǰ棬ۻʳ֣֮Ǽսһ
ģȺ쵰Ȼ͵ϮֵɱǡţǴ𣬴ͷԷɱ˹ȥһϹŴսһһǳ֣Էѹȥ
彣ȫ֣֣ӲһϹŴϹŴ񣬽Է̧ͷ
Ұħħ˸սһϹŴħХأѹƶ֣Ǹǿŭȴûа취
뽣ӡ֣Ҳһǿߣѹƶ֣գöԷɫ
ͬʱŻʥϢ˸ʥޱȣһϹŴ棬˿·硣
ǿ߾ͻȻ֣Լռ̫ơ
ԯݺᡢ֣סϹŴɱѪڡ
ڡħŮ֣һϹŴ񣬶ʱǸϹŴѹ·硣
ɱƮɣȻǵʿ磬ɱ⾪죬סԷһǿߣޱȣΪ֮սˣ֮İ죬Ҳ˶١ʵɱצһһʵŻ˾ˡ
ڤսһϹŴǹԷһѪۣڤѾɱǿߣȻʮģԷɱĲͣˣԡѪ
ʮϹŴȫǵס˶Ȼ֪ŷߣ׶һȺʲôӵˡ
ûһϹŴ񣬵ǸϹŴҪ˿ôǿݣǵסʵ̫ˡ
ǲǣΪ廹ʮߣһȺսҲƽʱǿУʱȴ˹ؼս
ֻҪսսʽ϶ת
ɫѿȻҲʶһ㣬ЩżϾԷʵܾˣһãҲȫȻŷʤˣҲܵסʮϹŴ֡
ʮЦһǾҪս
ʱһֺӰ֣µĹâڼϡ
˺ȻУǼֱӻһѰ׹ǡ
˭ôô£˾
߽ڲ࣬ȻʬҲų棬˵Ŀ⣬ȴߣ˿ݹǣʵֲ̫ˡ


1099 Ѫ
ģɱЩ쵰ŷ˵ݡ
СӲǱˣнʶŷĻ¶һģЦݣǳȴ쳣ٴλɱߡ
ǿ˵콾ɾ͵ĸߣһĸٶ࣬ɱģʮߣγһµսŤת棬ȴһ˸ɱˣһ̬а뵽ǺȻĶӣŷߵʵʵ̫ˡ
⻹ЩϹŴĺܣǹŷѣѾɳԺϽ˺ʥԺĿµĴУ˭ܹŷǣ벻
һֻѪɫ֣аĨɱȥ
ЦµĹ⣬ǸѪɫֻ˿ݹǡ˺ȻһͨȻϹŴ񶼵ס
Һ͹ŷһɱ㣬ҳȫ㡣ͬʱڤ𣬻ɱԼĶ֣ͬǿС
Ȼ֪Σˡǿһ֣⡣
µĲѪӿޱȣɱ⣬һ򣬺ԥ֣ʱǸطû
Ҳʡĺ档
ƽ˶֪ǱɱˣǿߵΧһûУҲܹӵɱŷǣϹŴΪȻǲܡ
գŷǻع飬ȫȾѪ
ʣµǿߣ¶ֵɫǶһۣԼĶ𿪣롣
ɱˣǸǹŷǵĶ֡
һ߲ŷĿޱȣ˳֣סЩˣȻΧסʼɱ
һҽУ˲ʣǿȫɱʮϹŴһʣһϣ̤ǿߣҲǻɱȻĴ壬¶еܲ𣬾Իץġ
˶ʶһҪķ粨ȻʱϽ磬¶ҪԾ޴Σ
ʵϣڹŷǽ˶նɱ֮һֻѪɫĴ֣ѹѪƣµɱ⡣
Ѫŷһ˲뵽ˡ
ȫŭû뵽һȻ˲ҪֱһȺϹŴ񾳽ʿ֡
Ϣŭһƽ͵ӳ֣ţ棬һֻ˳ȥסֻ֡
ǿײȴû̫Ĳǹŷȴ֪Ƕƿص˽ı֣ǵıԻء
֮£еͷļֱ̫ԶˣҲǱǿϸһΪս޷ǿȡ
СһѪɫӰ֣ǿޱȣɢſµϣѪ壬վǶᾡ컯ΪеΨһ
ѪΪƿ£ȻԵ𣬶̫С
Ѫ⼸λҵСѣ֪ɷҵ棬һΡѪĳƺʵϰ˵ԷȷʵʸƺԼ
УǻɱҵͽܣǱԼӺֵǮ𣿡ѪЦӿޱȣ˿ֲɱӵϣ΢΢Щɫ
Ѫʱʵ̫ˣҲǧ꣬ѪһͷʵΪѪĶ֡
ȻѪҪҲһ׵顣
ĵҪΪѼˣɫ
ԲʲôϺˣʵӳ˴ǻۣľ֮κ˽ܣҪǿĶࡣ
ΪѣĨɱ϶ѣûΪѵʸ񡣡ѪЦ
˵ϣԼʲôһӰ֣࣬ͬһ㣬ѪЦѡ
۷սҲңѪŭµѪ⣬һָֻͷѹȥ
Ƶϳһ׺սףϢȻȱĻսףӲѪĹȻ˳ȥȴ˿ûܵˡ
ŷɫȣѾϳ˵ݣǱˣ𡣶ղǿˣΪ۷ս죬ϻսȻܹӲѪĹùŷ羪̾
սסѪһĨȻ¶һ˿ηɫ
֮£ʹգѪذɡӿڣ𲢼Ѫ㹻ĵ
ʵѪֻһˣǿսĻԿľһӵʵͺ£οսףܹͬӲŷҲһȺݺӵսһ֣Ѫп
ʶһ㣬ѪɫЩѿ


1100 ߵѪ
Ǿʹߣ޷ǧᾡɥ
뵽Ѫ˵ҪǿɱǼˣҲסҪƴɱǡ
ɫĮһɿµɱϡ
ͬĻ͸㣬Ҫǳɱ㡣𿪿ڣ䣬Ѫսڡ
һӰգԯ֣һɫսףһֿµϣѪ
붯ˣԯĮʵʮʱ䣬Ȼ۷ս죬͸Ƽ¡
Ѫֱһµǿߡһ۷ս죬϶⣬ԯɫսףһ׼սףԼлȻδĵزͬ¡
ڰɫս棬Ѫܵһֿµƣһٻʵǿ͡
һٻʵǿߣѪûֵȻҲ۷壬ҪΪߣ̫Զˡ
죬ˡŷ羪ϲû뵽ԯҲʮδŷ쳣
ԯͷ¶һĨ˵ЦݣȻѪ㻹Լɱ𣿡ǳǿƣһһĨм
ѪŭҪɱոһеѪ̲סһ
ʹս죬ҲסôǿߣаϽʲôʱôһǱˣȻΪߣвһǲƺпܽ¡
ԥʱһϢ𣬵ֺգѹԡ۳֣ͷɣ壬ؿ컨׹ƣΧڷɣ˳˿µϡ
۵ǿߡѪ
Ϊۡۿڣ£ѪϣĮ˵Ҫɱѣ
Ѫԣ𺳡
ⶼһȺ̥ǿ߶ʧȥЦգսˡ
գѪ̲סһֿڣģǺݡת뿪֮С
֣ԣһˣսУŷһȺˣҲʵ̫ˡ
ʲôƨˡЦϵЩϧղŻţǻɱѪõٺöȴû뵽ѪȻˡ
һ߳أݺ޵Уȴսˣȥ˶Ŀɿڴ
ȻĶ֣ҲͲϡˡ
СţǴһ
Ѿ뿪ԶѪһѪкһһѪȥ
Ѫո壬ͱסһɰͰ͵ͷ֣һƽѪ˵¡
ģ붯ӵӣֻʣһ˿ˣҲ㡣ͷȻţǵүү˱죬ѪߵУʧ
ͻȻ΢΢ݣȻŴͣһ˿ΰ£ϱ̬ȻĶҲ̲סȻ󲨡
ȻˣѪҪţǶ֣Ǹ߲ų֣һҲ˵˱Ȼǳı֣ѾˣӦôﵽ˻߾硣
Ȼֻӿˣ˼ʹԯǣҲûп
˹ŷһۣȻ˵ͷתȥ
ȥҴңȻǹŷҪһЩ⣬
ԯ쵹˹ŷߣһֻ֣һС˵ӡĽҪ֪һ۷ս𰡣һŮˣϣһҫοԯСˡ
Ϲ㲻Ͻˡԯ˵
ŷһ㶣΢΢üΪʲô
ɱ칷һǿߣɱһǿߣȻܵǵıǶҪ뿪Ȼصĺԯ쿪ڡ
֮ôǿ𣿴һսҵսϹŴҲʦŴУһȻ֮ءʿڣϣ۲䡣
ɱ٣ȻΣƴˣҲɱǼ𡣡ۿڣ¡¡
֮صΪԼ߸ϣֱЦҪ֪Ͻ֮ˣǿӵġ彣ս졣
ԯüͷһ壬˵˵ǶδߣһȺûǰ;ϼһȥƴƴǾֵ𣿡
һ㶣Ȼ˵
Ƕеǿߵ̬ȴûô϶ԼһܹΪǿߡ
һԻ͵Ĵ٣ȺҫǿƣһʱЩϼһʱˣδǵģʱҲ֮κһ˶ܹɨǣαںǴԯ컰ϣأ˵Ѫ֮


1101 
ҵȸúȥδӣ彣ʵ
ЩҪ뿪Щ˲뿪彣ڱ뿪ҲãһıˣӿֲԼվĴ𣿡ԯʵ
ĴڣҪϽ磬ȻҪһ
ģȺ쵰Ҳ뿪Ͻ磬Ȼ棬ҾһģҪȥħΪʦڤʼ߷ߡ
ڤħΪʦ˸ˡħųϽһħһ۷ǿߣѾڳ߾磬˵ͽܣ֮صҲҶɡ
ҲȥҰħڡ
˾ȣȴ⡣Ұħһɱе̳ȫڤǰʦȻħҲܾ
עΪʦֵˡڤЦͬħǿߣҰħһϧĸо
һص硣ɱ񿪿ڡ
ûʲôǿȻڸ߾磬ɱһϹŴ񣬵վԲ
ŷһ£ҲЦ˵˰ɣҲصɡһ룬Լûʲô˳ǿ԰ǱϾս粻ãûЩ۷Ŀֲδܹס
Һʦһ뿪
˵Ը뿪ŷ磬֮ǰϽ磬ΪҪѰҹŷ磬ԵɺϣŽ˺ʥԺ
ã߱ţû˸Ҷ㡣ԯҡͷ뿪
΢΢ЩԸ⣬ԯɫȴʲô˵ʦŷǳηġ
߱治һϹŴ𣿡쾪ȵ˵
ΪҺʥԺԺ߱׸磬˵˭˸Ҳ߱ӡԯЦ˵
˻һ˶ȣʥԺԺȻ߱׸磬ֲǿƣԭһ
ʥԺԺ֮ǿߣΨһһ¶ǿߣȻ˶֪ĴڣҲᷢ⡣ΪʥԺĵʵ̫ˣκβõ飬ܹס
Ҳ뿪ڻ֮صνǿߡʵ˵
ӡȻҲ뿪ˣǿϽ綼ѾˣȻõġ
ȴ¶һĨɫļȻųƲĴУʵֻһϹŴ񾳽棬͵ס֮صı
ŷһ뿪ļ壬ǰػԯ쿪ڣ˵ԼĴ㡣
һȻԯֻ۷ս𣬵ǵʵȴǿ󣬼лսףԿܶԷ
л
л
ԯ콫Ŀתۣ˵ѾϹŴѳΪϣ֪ǷӦ
۳һ£˵һУΪҼϢȥȻ
޷ֵˡԯԥ
Ȼ֪֪һôֲĴڣԯ޾壬֪ĵ̣κǿߡ
ң֮ǿߴ֣ʱͲһҵˣֵܶġ
ãҼ롣˵
ԯ¶һĨϲɫһǿƵϹŴˣ˵һ¡
еطȥǲõҡٺһЦŷ֪ˣ϶вΪ֪ĵطҲǵ˵ͷûʡ
ô죿ڡЩơ
ļһȻϹŴ񣬵ǲ̫ǿƣԵ÷ǳǡ
һȥġӿڣʱڡһӾϹлĺ⡣
ףû˵ΪסһУһ¡
ԯݺ᲻뿪ԯѪ֮֮ˣҪչȫսȻ㡣ԯ쿴ԯݺһۣ˵
ԯѪһ磬޵еԯƵۣ޵УɨϽ磬ֻϹʱڵĴսʧ˭Ҳ˵޵еˣҲһع飬ϽУвԯɲڵȴԯƵ۵Ļع顣
ԯݺԯѪⲢʲôܣȻݣѾʱˣ˭Ҳ˵ҪǶԯݺ֮Щԯɲ᲻ɱ
ôȥˣԯɲеȺˣҲ˳ɾҲ˵ǳһȺˣ֮أҪﷸֹ
ʵϵĴսԯ֣ͳ˧Ѫս֮أմһǧصĺƽ
Щ֮صǿߣ뵽ԯˣη˼㡣
ԯݺͷϽʺǿ߳ɳȻ뿪


1102 뿪Ͻ
ۻ䣬˵Ҳ뿪ҵʦΪš
ʲôԯݺӶ̲סɫ壬Ŀɿڴ
ţϽ֮˾Բİһǳصɣںܶ˵ǼֱǴ˵
żһһӣ״˶£û֪ÿһŵĵӣܹΪǿߡ
һµɣ߳ÿһˣܹΪ۷ǿߣ¡˲²⣬лʣȴܹ֤ʵ
ҲǿߣҪѰҵŵĴڣȴͷֲκټ
ɣʵ̫ˣǶû뵽ۻʾȻŵĴˡ
ֲõۻ˾ޣһȫ𡣡̾
ûʲôǿģͼĹҲܵ۷壬Ҫǿˡ˵
ڳ˶ͷʵҲһ˺һЩߵһ˵⿿츳ǸܵġǵŬͬЩ˵ٴΪһ
ʵϣǻڵĳɾͣٷ֮ʮŵĶŬĽ
ŷͬ޵УΪ˶ٿ࣬˶Ѫǣ˭֪
źֻ֮졢ڡħŮ͹ŷ뿪˶Ͻ硣ùŷ˵󣬾ȻֻǼ뿪ùŷһӱĸо
ŷ磬㲻Ҫˣ뿪Ǳס㣬ûбҪӲӲڵϽ磬ѾЩʺˣȵʱ죬ٻع顣˵
ôобԭ򣿡ŷɫЩɻ
΢΢Ц쵽ˣʵ˵ɣ棬ģɱ˺ܶǿߣѾ¶ˣǵһ鷳ģʵҲǿߣѾƶϳлѪҲҪȡĻѪ
ŷĿɿڴЩţԼ뿪ȻϻйϵսģҲ̫˰ɡ
ʱ䣬ɱʮϹŴ壬ϾǵĴкѪ˵һϢ
ڳ˵ɴ۾Ƕ벻սȻ͵һزɱʮϹŴ񣬻ɱкѪֲ֮Ҫɱŷ磬ֱǲĳް
л֣߳Ҫɱսȴ˻ߵĹ֮صһƬս֣֮أֱǶħĴʡӿЦ
ŷоڸЩʵΪʲôҪô
ҲףҪ֪˵飬ȻҪһɰȻϽ֮ˣ֮ص飬ҲûбҪŪĶ
֪˵սռʲôЩ˷ͻų֣ɱôˡ˵ЩҲ̫ס
ŷ뿪ӵĻǳ
ŷͷʾףʲôЦھеӣܹ뵽һ֮صɱҲǻŹǷֹŷ䣬ǿ϶᲻ϧһдȥɱŷġ
ڶԽԽˣΪ֮һҪȥ֮أѰһټŷ˵
ɫһ·𿴵һδ֮ȾѪһµӰھ֮ϣȾѪ£һƬʬɽѪض·㸲ˡ
֮أӦúڣԼһı̬ǰֹ
һָоŷ̤֮أıȹսҪ֣ҲƷ֮ض˵
ˣϻ˵뿪ɡ˦˦ͷе뷨˦ȥ˵ŷǵͷӳֱ֣˺ա
ԯЩĿ˹ŷһۣû
һӵŴǻ۵Ůˣ֪ʲôʱӦʲô飬ʱ򣬲κζŮ鳤
ŷ˶һۣȻ̤ͨ
ǵΪͨͨʵ̫ˡŷüͷͻȻԼһ飬Ȼ˴ԼӵϢ
Ҫһ׵Ĺŷ磬ʱղѣòףıԼĸĸҪĳס
ģĶû顣ӵڹŷùŷһͨǰУ˲ʱ䣬ǳͨ
ǳ˳ȴûʲôɵĸоȻͬϽһſֲѹ
磿ôоϽûʲôأɫɻ
ҲͬĸоǵŪ˰ɣɱҲЩ
ħŮɫȣĴܣڣϢ֮ԪȻϽ綼ҪŨ
ŷɫŹ֣գβЩ˵ҿ֪ʲôطˡ


ڰ˾ ɽ


1103 ɽ
ħŮ̲סʵ
ɽ硣ŷЩ˵û뵽ԼôطգȴѹƵֻǧﷶΧ
ô֪Ǿȡ
ŷָָԶһɽ棬ŵɽ֡ʵϳ˹ŷ֮⣬ǸͲʶ⼸֣ǻĹʱС׭
н֣ͨһ֡
ɽһʲôطħŮʵ
ڵɽ磬һ㶼˽⡣
༸Ҳɫɻ󣬶֪ɽ絽ʲôط
ǻٵĵطľͲö֪ˣδϹŴ֮ǰһǿһɨɳȥˡŷɫ˵
˾ȣܹΪǿߣȻûгɾϹŴսҲ뾪ˣϹŴ
ӱʵжǿʵûм֪ǧʱ䣬Ϊǿߣ̫ˡ
һˣȴﱻһɨɳȥ𾪡
Ǹô죿ôоϽ绹Σգڡ̲ס˵
Ļ䣬һֱϸץ˹ڵӣ˶һΪһһǿء
ڡʶĴһħգֻ飬
ˣԭֻһɼࡣڡһ
ʱһֲϢǵأ죬һϵƣǵĸоһϴ߸Ϲ
ɱĺ㶼ӲǸֲĴڷչ죬񷶼·ռˡ
۷ս죬Ҵΰ¡ڡɫһһ֮Ǹ˿
ڡס𶯣̲סˣܲסԷϡ

ŷ糤ХѪ𶯲񷣬һͷգȥ

һ죬ͬʱˣŷѪڣţޱȣ񷡣
ʲôͷľܵŷǿƣԷʵԲԼ
նһɫս׵ӳ֣Ӣޱȣһ˫Ӷڹŷϡ
㵽ǺεʥȻأɱһҪҶ㲻ӻſµϢɱ⶯죬ˣȴȻǿơ
һжᣬǸոմʦų֪ǵѵأ¡ŷ˵Ըͺһǿ߽
᣿ɱȻ˵ᣬһɵĵӣȻ񣬿ǣȥʦҪһޱȣ˵ֱ֮ӳ֡
һֻɫꪱٻŷ綴
һҪһ֣ס
ŷȴ֣ãԼ
ǰһֻ̽գӲڻƽ档ǿŷͬʱˡ
ɫȻµĹգŷ

ŷһȭֱӴ
˫ӡֻظ֣ѹ¡ɢž˵ɱС

ҽУӶ飬𶯻ƽꪣ˳
ŭһꪺգػתйŷϡ
ŷˣȾѪҪˡ
ĿɭȻڽϣȻϣ¾񱻹ŷȥýɫ

𣬾Ȼ˹ŷĹ
ùŷ羪ȣ¾һԷ⻹ǵһܹȥ
㵽ʲôˣŭսȥˣŷ
ŷδش𣬽ڣѵ½սɣôδ˵㣬֪ҵݣ
˭ŷһٳ֡
ʲôսɣûѯʣᱩ¶ݣˡ
ɽ磬Բȱǿߣɾ֮󣬶ûٴ̤ɽ磬Ȼ־ԱеĶࡣ
֮
ŷһ𣬴˵еĴȻԿ϶Ĵ϶ǺμһһˣǶҲǡ
Σȹǵģѵǻܻ𣿡ħŮЩޡ
ҵĵ̡˵
ŲһͻỻˡͻȻڣϱµϢ𶯲񷡣
ȻϢȹŷ˲٣Ҳһǿˣѵɽ֮Уսɡ

ڡڣϢ죬ȻȲ˲٣ڽУͬһսɡ
ħŮȼ棬ŷǲһҪ˳Ů˶սɵս˻


1104 ˽
һˣȫսɣϣֻҪȥݺɽ磬ȻûǿıҲ˸ǡ
ɫãǿĺܲǱ˻Ȼ游ΪˣҲѾˡ
뵽˵λѣղһжᣬԭҵ񡣡ˣսȥ
ŷǶһۣ¶һĨЦݡ֪вˡ
ȻѾǾ͸ˡŷ˵Ȼһۣ˺Хأ뿪
һüͷɻֹǿߣȫսɣû˵д߳ĸѵɢޡ
Դ뵽ŷǾȻ磬ǵɽ籾ǿߡ
Ϊʲô뿪ǸˣѯһЩҵȥ·˵
ղҪ˺ѿռ䣬ȴָĿռݣǿȻʵ˺ѡ
Ҵ֪ǧҪ¶ߣܻܿᱻǿ߶ϡŷ˵
жǿʵ
ղǸֻǸӣҲ²ⲻĻǿߡŷ˵
ڳ˶һԼжʵҪһʵ̫ˡ
ʵϸͲɱ޷⡣
治һǿߣĴ磬ô߳ǿߣɻ
һ˵Ĵ飬ǸУǺѴﵽʹͬģܹΪϹŴǼˡ
ǿҲֻһѣУӦŶԡ
֪ЩŴϼһһޱȣһ֮ǰҪݻһϽһ磬ֻʧˣҹ벻ֹô򵥡ŷЦ
һ𣬲ֹѵǻߣ룬ҲݻһϽһ磬붼룬Ҫ߾硣
ǲҪ룬ȵΪﵽǸ磬Ȼ֪ҪҪҵȥ·Ͻ綼ҪΣգǸĻϵǿߣһô򵥡ŷЦ
뵽μеЩˣﷸֹ
䡣
Щʱ֮⣬һֻ£ͬʱһµ飬𣬽ǸˡǼսһȻϹŴĴڣȸղŵǸҪǿĶࡣ
Ҵΰ¡ò˻ˡŷ
˶㿪ԸȥǶԹŷĻѾ˿ˣǿ̫ˣŶ೤ʱ䣬ϹŴ۷徳ǿߡ
˵ٵĻû˭š
СķУ֮ҵһǳءǶһۣԷеľϲ
ŷ£͹Ŵ˵ĳǳһǣˣ󲿷ֶǷˣûʲôΪżһЩʿ֣Ϊ綼ߣɾĴڶ١
ùŷǾȣѵղǿߣֻżȻʵǿ߲ࡣ
ɽõĻңȻǽڹŷ˵һѶȶûУֱͨԴˡ
һ¥ҪһЩˣЩ̸ۡ
Щʳ͵̸Уŷ֪Ϊ㣬һΪ죬һΪأΪס֮أؽǷס֮ء
ͥͳ硣зӣ׼ᡢλдùŷӶɳˡ
ΪӷĲᷢȻ͵ɽûκιϵҹŷԿ϶Ĳ᲻֪еɽĴڡ
ǵɽȴз̣һ˲֪꣬ѵһɺϡ
λֵܣҴ˶೤ʱ䣿ŷ̲סʵ
˹ŷһۣǸ˵˵ԴӺɿһ׼λ̣ص֮λΪ̣˷̵
ɿٶˣŷʡ
겻ֹ˺ɿٴĴ֮⣬û֪Ǹ˵
겻ֹŷüͷͻʱ䶼ԲϣѵɽĲǻ١
ŷ粻ѯʣǸ¶һ˿ʧȻԼۡ
ﲻǻ٣໥
ҿ϶ǻƿˣʵȴģһƬһԤУɽУž˵ܡŷ˵
ͬʱͷҲͬĸо
Щʳ͵̸УҲ˽ĸ֣֮ǰһץϹˡ˽Խ֮ԽľеĻҪࡣ


1105 ţϴ
չŷǵóۣЩ֪ĺޣҪ˽ҵǿеĴɡ
ν磬ŷܹ֮ܵϣһ磬ֻҪͻһ磬ܹ硣
ȥȥԥ
֮ϣֻһǾһ֣Ҫ뿪¾ûôˡ
ɽɾߴᣬ·ɶǰȥˣĺɣɽƣԽӴˡʿУΪߣ˾磬˵Уһ˿
ŷһעǵ̸
ؽ֮УɽΪɣ˵˵дսɸʮհ޼Ƶϵһˡ
ϧǵʵûвμǴʸͶҪ˲С
ûа취ģ˭ʦŲã޷ǿٳɳ
ʿʧԶԶ뿪
ŷѾ֪ϣνˣʵɼǿߣɣָ֮ϵΪսɣΪָսﵽϹŴ񾳽磬սɡڴʵǿߣϣܹˣʵǶˡ
һؽɣһ
ȥհޡŷ˵
ôˣħŮɫɻ
ŷ罫ԼղĻǣʱ˵۾
ǿƼܹ뿪ķ
ǶʤݣϣҪɨɳȥǸӡŷֹ
·ߣһЩϸڵķĶŷ뿪հ޷йȥ
ģƼôôŤڡЩƵ
һħƣշУıŤ
磬˷бȻƣǲֻܹ࣬Ƽ
ϰ߾ͺã⻹ͦġħŮЩĵ˵ûʲôϰߣȤ
˱߱˵ЦڵɽУǵٶȣҲܵ˺ܴƣҲϽһ˲Ϣ֪
ɽҲϽ磬ǲΪ·ġ
վסһȴһȺеǿߣסǵȥ·
ŷüû˵
ǺηˣΪ׵ǿߺʵ
ҲһɣΪ߾磬һϢǳǿʢҲǿ󡣲ŷȴûнУֻǵһЦ
û㻰أŷǲ˵Ϊǿ߶ʱŭˣһѳǹָŹŷ磬ǳ⡣

ŷû˵һӰȴ֣׳˶ޱȣֱһƳ˳ȥЩ˺ɳȥһɫӰ˵
һȺ׳ա˲м˵Ŀתŷ缸ˣɫ¶һĨ档
ҶǺܺ棬ĸսһ֣ҴδڵɽǵͷⲻϳʵŷǵУһ˿ѯʡ
Ϊʦãֻһɢޣ޳ս֮󣬻ǵһγءŷ˵¶ɫԼ˽һ
ǰ˸һֺǿĸоܾвԡ
ҽţϴǺϴˣǴȥ׳˶Ĵ󺺺ˬޱȣ˵Ļùŷ
Ǻϴһﻹǲ
λţѣǴȥհ޲μɽɵʿģҪ·ˣԾͲ͵ѶˡŷȻ㺰ϴһɣҪ뿪
ԭҲȥհޣĻ˳·ǸȥһˣȻһȥˡţϴЦ˵
ŷôôɺϵ顣
ڡЩͷû˵ԼнţԼȥ
ԼǹȥġţϴЦ
ŷɫɻ󣬲ʲô˼
ǰɽҪԽĺĺưԺϣɢ޺Ѷȹǿʦţ߿ʵȥĺղսɲҪȥĻǵʵºѡţϴٺЦ
ʲôһ֪һ硣
ǷģֻҪҺˣͲκ⣬ĺǸУƨ㲻ϡ
ŷǿһڵͷӦˡҪǣţϴûиܵ⣬ټ֣Ҳţϴʲô顣
ˣţҪλŷЩʵ
Ŷҵ壬ɽˮʥˡţϴٺЦ
ŷ籾ܵţϴĻ֮һ򣬲һһԴȥ
ŷɴ۾ţϴʵ㲻ҪңСǺ캢ɣ
ô֪ҵС֣ţϴˣЩ˵λֵܣǧҪȥȻţûˡ
ŷ类׵⽹ۣ֪Լ˭ˡ


1106 ʥ
ţħĶӣ껹ܸһ𣿹ŷеҡ
㸸ǲţħŷʵ
ţϴɴ۾ȵʵô֪

ŷͷߣȻǸһֻǰĴ󺺣ŷʵûа취ͿμǸ۵Сϵһ
һʥŷŹ֡
ʵҸǼһҲûôţϴԼײеôء
ħŮǣѾ֪еǿжôǿǿʵ̫ˡһУһʥʲôʵ붼ܹ֪
ǿǸճɽİҶǵˡţϴ˵
ô˲Խһתʱ뵽һЩ飬ֱӾ˵˳
ǵŷЦ
ţϴҲ֪Ȥ֮ˣЦ˵˵ˣˣҺǵ֡
˵ţϴˡ
ôɰǿߣŷǻǵһοǵɽǿ߶ĻǵǲôΣˡ
ͨԼ֣ţϴһļ
ðɣȥɡţϴЦ˵
˺նȥᴩؼ䣬ƾˡʵϣȻ࣬ײ֣쳣棬׳ֶԸԼˡ
Ǻգﵽ˶ʤݻɽ֮쳣ʱɺ裬ɹɽҰ׷˱ǣ˼ɾ
ǻδ£һȺǿߺն𣬵סǵȥ·
ͷһ׳˶Ĵ󺺣磬ƾˣһ˸ſµĺâһϢ춯ء
ţүţϴ֮ǵƶʱһɣǸ󺺾Ϲɫ
ۣͨҪ塣ţϴ˵
ţү롣ͨ۵Ĵ˵ͨˡֱǽȥͨŷǶûпһۡ
ţϴͷ·ȥ
һڣ˸ʵĽ⣬һϴдȻԹŷʵоЩľѹʵֲ̫ˣ֮ħ涼˿
ŷ֪Ӧþֻӵϣ۷壬мʶߵʵʵ̫ˡ
ߴʥʵеģӲߣǰʥʵ֮ϣǵʵ֪
ʹӵʵһֱٶȿĸǵʵҲ۷ľ硣
캢ˡһ
ˮ߳һ꣬볣죬ֻһ˫ǽɫġһκܶ޷أŽδ֪
һ˫µӣͨ쳹أͨ
ףǸˡ꿪ڣͻȻһֱָŷѹ䡣
һָֻȴ·涼Ҫ£ŷһ־ĸоҪһ
ŷвȻ۷Ҳʧȥ־
񱩵ս籡ŷлѪڣһµĻӰ֣Լǹŷӡ
һʮһȭ
µƾ춯أ˾㤣ȻţϴǶҪˣס˽ֵĲ
䣡
ŷɳײһɽȻԡѪ

ŭȻ֪ԼԲǶԷĶ֣Ȼˡ
ѹ֡ŭʮأѹȥ
꿴Ҳ֣һץס죬ֱӷӡ
ʵ̫ˣ꣬ûзϽѪǰսֱ
ףΪʲôᱻһɨȥµĴڣȻΪҲʸκˡ
Ԫʥ𡣡
ħŮҲˣԪʥȼһУҪٻ١
վﲻԪʥϣһ˿һǶûջħŮɵۣղŶһ˿ԴµԪʥ𣬾ȻԷһﶼûջ

국ĿڣħŮоԼ岻ԼĿˣ
ڡӱߣֵĻᶼûУֻǿһۣ㽫
꽫ĿĹŷ磬˵ҪҺһܹѡ
ŷȾѪĿƣϣ˿µս⡣
˵ֱʩչ¾ħʬս˻ѡֻһ֣㽫ŷĹס
̫ˡҡͷ˵ΪʥգͬʱǶսʤ̶ֻȵĹǴ򲻰ҵġ
˵ԼݣȻǸӡ
֪ԼԵʲô֮󣬹ŷ粻û٣սǿʢˡ
ѡ
һֶϻ꣬ƵҪ˺ѡ
հﲻһֶϻ壬ȴ˿δҲûܵκ˺


1107 
Ǵδй飬ŷһ㶼ȣ֪ǰʲôˣǴ˵Ļ϶Ĳ֮Ҫ˺յ壬ֱǳ롣
顣
ŷٴκȳһֶϻ꣬յϡ
¶һĨȣȻϽ΢΢һȻûܵκ˺
ħŮǵɴ۾һŵӣҪ֪ȻҲȿվŲӹŷĹ
ŷʵԿһǿƵϹŴ
ʵ𣿡ԵЩʧ
ֻء
ŷȣֻظ֣ɱ죬ɱããܣС
ʹţϴ󶼸оľشˡû뵽ԼȡЩˣȻʵ
е˼ǲСյЩʧ
ָֻأùŷ縺ˣѪ
ⲻƽħŮŭգһġ
ɫƽ˵νƽƽûʲôԹƽ顣
޳ܡħŮһ䡣
յһЦŷ磬ҪĻЩѾҪȥˣԻ뿪һɱһ
ŷ粻˵쳤Хǳ޹⣬ԪʮȫûС
ѪããѪ𶯰ǧ硣ŷ˫ֽӡҪ죬һȫתǬңʱնˡ
ǼµģȻգ΢΢Щɫ߾ѧǵС
ơ
һֻ̽ͬһḥ̂Ӳ졣
飬һƬ緭ǻɽһУûܵ˺һ˶ûС
ŷȴɳȥѪϵĳֿµѺۡ
Ҫ֪ŷ忰Ʋ࣬ﵽһּޣսûбһΣײನһը顣
ŷٴվŲЩԣŷϵսӸ߰ˡ
¶һĨȤɫЩĵ˵ͷ⻹һ˼
ŷû˵Ѫ𶯣޸ٴſһǳĹâʮûУŷϢøӿ¡
ѡ
ŷǳ֮⣬֮ϡޱȣѪڣŬһ
µƱһң涼·Ҫˣյһ¶صɫ
ٴһȭҳһû֮ǰĴݿ࣬Ӳǽ˲䣬ȻµȭͷŽѴ顣
ŷѣըˣԪ𶯣޸塣
ֻһ֮󣬹ŷһƨڵˣķѵʵе̫ˡǹŷǿһˣĳѣȻڻУҲڽ֮һûκãŷûа취ˡ
ʤˡһЩ͵˹ְڹŷϣת˲䣬㽫еκˡ
һȻõǻ֮վҺˣһѡһָħŮȫָɣΧ˹ֻյг˾衣
ǰ⵽ʲô˼ŷЩ㶡
յ̬ȣǰתʵ̫ˣЩס
ҪһˣһգҲǼһӦҵһ飬Ϊһͽ˵
ͽŷɴ۾ҪԼΪͽܣҪ˵ԯݺЩһ϶ΪԼΡ
ʶԣŷɫЩѿ˵ǰ˵ǱһɨɳģôӦʲôء
֪μ𣿡ûлشŷ⣬һ䡣
ŷȻ֪ʵȫĵû˲֪ġ
պٺһЦĶ϶ģѵǼһݡ
̫ϾŷЩ㶡
׼ȷ˵̫ϵתһǵɽǿߣΪ˴תȥǸ硣Щ̾˵
ŷЩס
һǿߵ˶޷ͻƵ߾磬ֻͣ۷壬ûϣĿƣ̹Ŵ񿪱ٵɽ磬ȴض˵ϣ˶޷ٻ߾硣
ŷпоȻһԭ
˶ŬҲһʱҺǼһһԼҰһѣֻҪɹתΪһͽܡ˵
Ҫʲôãŷʵ
һգȵʵ㹻ʱϢΪʦͽ֣հԵ˵
ҪĲӳȥȻҪְɽ磬Ҳûмˡ


1108 ɽ
ŷ綼̲סˣüѾʦˡ
ǹŷ˰׷̶Լĺã뵽ŷоʹ׷Զʧˣˡ
ΣûʦҶʦء˵
ŷԥ
ɫһѵ㿴һգɫЩȴûǿֻЩˡ
ŷҡͷʲôЦյһգŷȻῴϡһ۷Ǽ޵е֣ѧյһ£ŷԻʵԺͻƾܹɼ֡
ŷ磬ʲôʱôظ˰ȻλǰҪΪͽӦôӦǰ׷ǰ飬ҲԸ⿴һλʦġڡڣȰŷ硣
԰׷ǰԲһظ֮ˣȾǰ׷ǰҲϣλǰΪʦġħŮҲ˵
ʦɡֻ˵֡
ŷɫһͻȻյǰͷ
ǰʦ񣬹ŷһʦصˣȻڱϣԭ
ϲյյüͽţϴ˹յأĿŷ磬Ц˵ԺҪʦˡ
ţʦ֡ŷ繰֡
ǵ⣬Ѿ֪ȥɽ·Ҵ󷨡˵ĿתǣҲѧǶ٣ķ±ѧᡣ
ˣʱ¶ϲɫ
ɽᣬдɲμӣɽһ߹ϵȻҲȥǼհ޷жȥ˲Ϣʮ
ǿƣʱܹǿߺգϹŴսսɣͿһʮ
ҪϽУǲ˼ģּǿ߲һʿһܶһܹһΡ
սȴľ
ȴЩһۣЩҲģһ۱ϳһȺ˲ǣȻ֪գ͵Ķսɾ磬ǻܹܵġ
ŷ˳յĴУȫգȻԼĵںһ
ŷľڿٵΪҲڷĽܿһ׵۷壬ڹŷҪͻƵʱһѣˡ
ŷЩƵ۾ղžͲһ㣬Ҫͻƽ߶ˡ
һۣյ˵̲
ŷһݣʱյ˼˵ͷллʦ
տһۣû˵ֱ·ȥ
һ಻ĴɽԲɹڣԳԾ¹ɱɺ裬ޣԵ쳣г
ɽ߷壬һ棬潣˸ǵأ
ʥ٣üʧԶӭһһü׵ڹŷǵǰʮӣһɫųӣӭǡ
ôųŷզ࣬Լʦɼһߡ
üˣȻ˵ڻĵһЩУɽĿɽʼ棬ֻû뵽ɽУȻˡ
ŷ˼ˣֹһתУȻЩġ
ܶഫ˵еˣڵҲڵĺۼȴܹ׵ҵڵĺۼ
ţӣʲôֲǲ֪ҵıԡЦüȴûӡ
ܹʥԴˣʥѣô˵Ϊʥѣһֵҵ飬ʹǿ߶һ
ͷûпҲˡţϴЩ˵
ţֶҲϵʿȻӭ룬⼸λǣü˿ŷ֮󣬶ʱһ㶡
˶ǳرǹŷ磬Ѫͬȵ˼㣬Ȼ粻ߣսȴԽһսɣ¡
յĵӹŷ磬ҵļӡ˵ǵݡóüЩȣʥͽˣ쳣Ϣȥ϶úܶ˾ȡ
Ҫ֪У֪ٲſҪΪʦܾʹţϴûҡ
λøܹʥΪʦǿ鰡ü̾һ䣬Ȼǽɽɡ
ɳüͬȻ˼סһǳɵĴԺ棬ü뿪ϾĵҪдʵ̫ˣȻյݺܸߣҲһֱա
㽫ῴܶഫ˵еĴ˵е˴ʥ֣Ҫ׼տ˹ŷһۡ
ʦ·Իĺ˽⡣ŷЩȡ
һط˽ʩչʵҪ۷Ϊ˵
ԭԭ򣬹ŷͷûʣ磬ԶأҪ˵۷ˡ


1109 
ʦҳȥߡŷ˵
յͷ߽һ䣬ֱӹرա
ŷӣԼʦʹ˵еȫһһ㶼ѡ뵽յΪѾ۷壬˿һУȻܹ
ħŮŹŷ߳СԺӣɽɽ壬ﾰɫϽ粻һǣûϽеĲɱһ
ʵϵɽϽȣȷʵ˺ܶ࣬ĸȶս˶ǳƤײݵ顣
طĺħŮЩ˵
ǰĻģҴδô͵ĵطŷ̾
һֱħŮڴ˵
ӹŷȴҡͷ˵ﲢ磬ֻϽ磬Ҫ΢һ㣬ҪҪ磬ԼΪﵽǸβС
ѵûԶħŮЩ̾˵
УǲǱ˸ģҪԼ졣ŷɫࡣ
ħŮһԶʱǸʱսĸǿߣնսˡ
߹ЩȻδı䣬ǿսݣȻƱǰҪƽˣʵʵҲ࣬Ȼˡ
һԼģǱ˸ģ̨üʶһʵһʿޱȣŰƶס
ǣŷʵ
ʿʿЦ˵ĿɨħŮʱ۾΢΢һȴû˿֮⣬ֻǺ͵
ԭ֡ŷЦѾ֪ݡʿǻкˣ
Цã˵ʵ̫ˡ
ɷ򲻾СڣαЩ˷½֪α˵أŷЦ˵
ħŮ֪ǰʲôˣԭһɡ
ЩԲվһֻɣ͹ŷڶʮһ͵ļһȣƤȻ
ǰˣƶѾϴĸˡЩ˼˵
𣿡ŷٺһЦ
Цǰ˵ǰԼʲôزסҲشֱתƻ⣺ҿٳĺܣ֪ĸɵĴˣ
֮߹Ϊܵ˵Ĳ˾ȻףԲ߹һ̽ģֻû뵽ԼȱŷȤһ
ǻɽʥ¹ŷ硣ŷ˵
ɽʥˣһ㶣ӶɳˣЩͰ͵˵Ǵʥĵӣ
ŷͷ
죬ҪϢȥʥȻͽˣ鰡ͷȻһɽϣ˸һ£ʧ
ŷЦãôҲû뵽Ȼܻһͣı֣ò˶ãԼʥĵӵϢͻᴫɽɡ
룬ŷҲ֪ϢǲܱסģҲ⣬ħŮ˹ķ羰
ǳľɫʱһµӰʮɴСһֻ£ŷѹȥ
һͷԳʵǿޱȣڸ߾磬ʵսɣƥϹŴǿߡ
ŷȻ磬ֱӱԳĴ֡
Ѫϴӣ·ȥ
ŷһְֻ£ָ̺һ磬ͷԳУȵΪҪҳ֡
ŷʵޱȣȻԳûκãֻܱŷƿСأѪޱȣҪŷƿء
һжͽͣŷսϹŴĸǿߣʵԽͷԳȻŬҲͳ岻ȥ
ش𣿡ŷһ䣬ϱɱ⣬ָֻ֮ظ֣ɱ졣
ס֡һż֣Щż
ŷû˵ҲûɿǸԳ
һжһᡣ˵Դðŷ񿴵Ļ쬵ġ
ʵҲԵǿϹŴ죬һܹѾһ˿Ϣڹŷע£е㲻Ȼ
֪ŷɳ̫Ĵս·ʬֹһɱƿ¡
ΪȻߣǵɽȴɱһ·ߵ磬ɱˣٵĿ
ԹŷɱʱȻһ㲻ӦվΪ߳ܿԼ״̬ŷ˵λԳѣֻһֱҪݴʥΪʦһֱûгɹѳΪʥĵ֮ЩʧأԭԳѡ
ô˵Դˣ㲻ʦͽܵϢȥôҳ֣ŷ˵
ͷðˣЩʵɣվ


1110 һ
£Ҳûа취˵ǺðɣŵѵҪôУ
ܼ򵥣ʮСܣʲô鷳ȥҽŷ˵ԼҪ
ʲôû뵽ŷ羹ȻҪֱҡͷУȥĻƶͻٵˡ
ǺðɣеĻһѡ񡣡ŷЦ˵
һֲõĸоüͷʵʲôѡ񣿡ȻʶҲһӣȴòȥ
Ǳ˵ĻԲᣬϾݣڵɽ绹ǷǳߵģȻȴǴҲͷ
ܼ򵥣ǴһֻҪӦҾͽŵŷ翴Գһۡ
á
Ӧĺʹ졣
ȻܹŷʵħŮ֣ҲδĶ֡
ŷٺһЦЩ
ֵǣˡŷһ
Ӱڿնӳ֣ǿޱȣ̲
ڡħ죬ǿޱȣɱ
һӰȻţϴٺٴЦ׳˶գ죬ӴϣЦá
⡭һ˳ʲôЦⲻ۸һȺˣȫսɣǿţϴ͹ŷ磬ʵԶˡ
˵ָûɣŷ绵Ц
˵أɫǳ
϶ûˣ˽˫ǼĶְΪ˲ЦҲֻӲͷƤʹһսˡŷ˵
޳ܡ
ܶ˶а˶۸˼٣ȴŷ˵ôûʣǻǵһμˣʵ̫Ҫˡ
ŷȴȫ⣬Щ˲һƤʲô֪
ħŮ͵Цܹ뵽ڵ飬һǷǳĲˬ
ţϴҲ͵ЦͻȻ֣͹ŷһ۸ˣʵ̫ˬˡƽʱԲռϷʱ
ˣˡͷɥ
ŷٺһЦ֪һɵӣ֪ǱսҪȥŰ
֣һһǿߣҪʰǣƶЩѡ
ھСˡŷЦɫ˽ɫ鴫ȥպûˡ
ҪˣѣͽǿЦģõ档һ𣬹ŷоԼԴһ£µɽ飬ֱӻ촷ۡ
ŷԼԴغʦҪˡ
ոԹ˵˵ҵͽܹŷ磬ս֮УǵȺܹɱˣյͽܡ
˻һ˶𾪣Ŀȫ˹ŷϡ
ŷҲˣҪĳ嶯ŷ綼֪մʲô⣬ͽܣȻǿģҲŷһֿ飬ֻǿ֪ŷԺӣ²ùˡ
߾죬ﵽ֮ǾͿ֣ϣյڹŷĶ
ҲɣʦҪġŷЦ˵
ڿʼˣչˣᵱӶԴκ⣬׼ɡոŷĻ
ŷֱڵĴбһָȻһЦλѣͻȻһ飬ڡ
һ磬ԶȥħŮˣһ뿪Ҳʱյ𣺡ڿʼղı֤Ч߲Ҫ֣Ҫ顣
˻һɽʱϰٵӰŷ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
ߣһʿסŷȥ·һսɣ쳣ǿ󣬵סŷȥ·ȣһ콣ն䣬Ҫɱŷ硣
顣
ŷȣһֶϻʹ콣Ǹʿͬʱ飬ŷֱһɫЦãû뵽Լûжãͱ׷ɱ
󣬹ŷӣԲù
ʱĹŷȴǷǳƽ̫ķ꣬ѾǰǸߣݺµʱ
߲֣սҪɱܡȻǰŷ粻ԷΧסϾսɾǿߣǶΧסŷ磬˵ҲһΣյ顣
ϰٵ׷Źŷ磬ԸΪʥӵջʵ̫ˣսɶΪֹ
ͬʱϢҲ˷ȥܶǿսȫˣȫж
ŷ絰ۣѰԼԽԽˣȻ˦һЩˣվһЩ˻׷


1111 
ս޼Ǭ߸ŷ˫ӡյĶսǿޱȣһս
һսɱУѪȾ񷣬ŷҲܣǰһӣ඼ˡ
սɶǿףǷϽ磬ܹЩǿ콾ĴڡԹŷսҪɱǣҲҪһĴۡ
ɱսɣŷʧ
һ̣ʮǿսɸϹеĻ죬Ҳзӻ˸е˸
ˡŭ˵
սʤĵӣҪôɱĻǾͲǶսʤĵˣְɡǸ˵һ޺ʵǿޱȣȻʮǿУҲٮٮߡ
Ļڳǿ߶ǵͷǷѰҹŷ硣
ǵĲԶһСݱãȻ󻯳˹ŷģ¶һĨЦݣʮ䣬Ȼޱȡ
ŷ뿪ˡ
һʮ죬ŷɱʮսɣǿսɽ硣˶֪ʥĵڱɽս׷ɱŷ֣˲쳹ɽ硣
֮£󲿷ִɺսɶɱŷ硣ħȫΪ˾ɱ˹ŷ硣
ŷ绯һòһǳСĿ֮ȫŮˣùŷӶɳˡ֪ʲôطˣŮǸֻŮ˵ȡ
ŷ֮һȺŮȫð⣬ŷΧסֿС񣬲һùŷ籬ҪһЩˡ

ŷŭһЧЩƣ뵽ǲӹøһȺûм˵Ů˼ƽϡ
һȵùŷһ򣬲һˤһʺ
ޱȣĿ˵˹ȥ
һʿòãǺһ׺ϣŷȴоһּΣյĸо
ȺŮڿʿ֮ȫɫ䣬תܣǼһ˲ʧ˸ɾ
뵽ʣŷһʱ˶Էݣɫڣͬתܡ
ǸʿʵףȻ˹ŷǰ
ѵǿ깫ʿڣһɫ˵Լ֣ŷ˵һƳȥ깫Զתܣմߡ
깫ûˣ𣬸ڹŷ󣬺ҪҪ͵һ¡
ŷ緢֣Լٶٿ죬޷˦깫Ʋѡ
ֻҪǻˣ֪깫һ˭˭Ҫһ㶼нҵġԾǹŷҲҺ깫Ӵʵ̫Σˡ
ãӶûŮȤŷЩƵķ֣ԼȻ˼ʮսɵİΧȦС
Ϣܿ챩¶һȺ˽Χסˡ
ҷֹŷˡһսɴЦ쳣⡣սɶͬı飬ǲڹŷϣɱ⡣
ŷЩƣȻ깫Ͳк£Լôʱ䣬δΧסֻһᣬ㱻ʮǿΧסˣʵơ
ɱҾǴʥĵӡһħ˵Σֻʵ쳣ǿһֻɢſµϢ
ߣŷҵģ˭ܺһɫǿߣŹŷ磬ɫг˿
ΣֻҲɱ˹ŷ硣˵
ڳÿ˶ɱ˹ŷ磬໥ӣ˭ҲԸá
ɣǴһʤɱҡŷС
㵱ǶǴҿɱ֮Ǵһʤʱ˭ʤߣͱ˭ϡ˵һͷҰʵĴֻͷһ㶼ѡ
ŷ˿Ѿ˳ȥ׼Ȼпܸ˵ĴۣվȱʮǿɱҪǿ
Ҳʱһ𣺡Ѱƶˡ
˶ʶתͷһȻ˵ɫˣ֪˭һ깫һ̣ΧŹŷȫʧҲɱŷˣȫ
ŷĿɿڴһɺ⣬һôаʲôزЩսɱ˲ˡ
Źŷ緢ʱ깫ŷǰһŹŷֱۣ˵Ѱ׷ĺÿడ
ŷɫסˣЩӲĿ깫һۣǶԷղŵھԼŷԲһٴνһɳȥ
깫ϣŷܵһϢϢ˻ᷢ顣
ſ֡ŷƵ˵
š깫ǿ쳣ֱ˵
㲻ŵĻˡŷɱ
깫΢΢ɫŷɱһϾΪҲɾ磬ҲϹŴ񾳽磬Ҫ˵ʵδǹŷĶ֡


1112 Ӧæ
깫ֱӷɣڨڨЦ
ŷŸоܣ𶯻ѪϢʥϢתǽ깫ϵһɹϢ
ֱʱŷɿһ
깫Ӷһɳˣ˼ĶŹŷ磬ʹǿ߶޷ϢֻĿ´ڣܹӣΪѾвκܹǳ⣬깫Ӱ첻µĴڡ
ǹŷ磬ȴֱӸϢ쳣ɡ
Ȼ㡣깫ԵЩ˵
ʲôŷüһ˵ʲô
깫ٺһЦ֪Լ˵©һֱӱ졣
أʲô飿˵Ҿˡŷ˵ʵ깫ԼĿģʮֺ档
һﵱ֮󣬱㱻ɵһ񣬼ԸӴҲΪʲôһȺŮ˼깫֮תӣʮսɣڿ깫֮ͬͷܡ
һ˭ӴᱻûԴɽɣҲԸӴһ
ҪѰһ顣깫Ҳ֪ԼٺһЦЩڴ˵
˵ŷʵ
깫˴֣Ц˵ңͿˡ
ŷתҪߣʲôЦʲô֪£һߣûôɵ
ŷеҪߵ˼깫ʱе㼱ˣһסŷ磬ѣҪңһ̫Σյġ
˵ɣȥŷʵҪǸղһ֣ǰһæŷء
Ѫ
깫³֣ŷֱתߣʲôЦѪǸطȥֻҪǻĵһ֪סһֲųڤ棬ѪݣڤӲҲһ۷徳ĴڣǺһǿߡ
Ҹû˵꣬ʵҪȥĵطȻѪҲѪԵǵѵõһܹʡǱޡ깫ż˵
Ϊʲôңŷʵ
ԵŴΣգɵӣ깫֪ıȴȥҲ˵϶ǳΣա깫ʵҲ΢ȹŷ΢һ㣬ȴһϹŴĴڣһǿĴڣȥĵطŷȻȥա
ֻǹŷǳǣ깫ΪʲôҪԼһʵߵˣǸ
ҵѣҪΪѵѪ깫˵Źŷ磬۾ġ
ŷ粻ɫһ仰û˵
ֻеѵѪֵܹסеϢϢڵϢͬͬԴǱȥĻɣʹıЩϢˣҲһʥѪ޾Ϣ깫˵
Ҫȥʲôŷʵ
һסĵطĺˡΣյĵطʲôԵŷ粻ȥ̽һ¡ĳܲסа˲˳ȥҪǸܵ޴ΣգŷǾԲȥġ
ŷЩɶ깫ϲЦ˵ǶΪֻһͷӳɾⲻ֪ʵѪһ飬ֻڤȳ֣Զᾡҵ컯Ϊʱ򣬷ҵĴڣҴǸطҲŻ顣
Ѫŷ羪ȣ߸ʶ
깫ͷࡣ
Ǹطпһ֮ĶֻҪѰҵǸұк񱨡깫쳣˵
ʲô񱨾Ͳ˵ˣղҲǰһ£ֻҪûôΣգҾͿ԰㡣ŷ˵
뻹깫飬ȻԷֻоԼѡ
лѡ깫˵
¶һĨɫҪǰǸطҪ׼һЩܹ֤ȫѿɷʮա
û⣬ʮ֮Ｏϡŷ˵
лѡ깫ϲת뿪
ŷҲһʧһǳУﾹȻƣͻĵĴƲһĴռݰ֮أӴޱȣҴޱȾԶ
ݣ𵶱һĸء
ʱʱʿնȻʿͷ֮䣬μġ
ŷһ¥˽ȥѵõʵϴʱĹŷʮСɣҪЩսɷ֣һ¡ֻǹŷҪĥԼʱʱ֣ȺսɼսԼʵ
֣˵շ¥лգӶѾȥˡһŷĶС
˵ңǴƵڶŮֵ˵
ŷ΢΢Щ棬ڹŴ¥еģ£ŷоԼȥʶһǸƵڶŮ


1113 ¥
˷¥ķ򣬹ŷ˾¥ڴϣܵգһڹŴĸо
ϽУûָоＸ˶ʿνͨˣɼĴڡ
ȻΪϽǿķɼҲվͨˡ
ɽͲһˣԪȻŨͨľͨˣִ˺һ֮⣬ûʲô
һǺ«ŷݸԷһ飬ǸС̯ŵһ£Ҫ˵ԼҲʱ򣬹ŷѾʧˡ
Ⱥ˷·ռؼ㣬ŵС¥ȫӴ죬ùŷ羪ȵǣתŷܹɼ﹥
ɼﱻˣ˲ֵ£Ǿ˼ǿĴڡȻҷ¥ıڷӦúܲ
ŷʰϣſʿŷʱһ¶ûʣֱȥ
ŷΪ߳һʵ̫ǷˣɵӶܹԲһƽˡ
ЩʿƤӷǳȻʲôԼܵġ
ŷ˽ȥûκ˵ע⣬ȻԼķâñע⡣ߵһλϣֱ£Ȼ۾ɨ
Ѿ˲ˣ󲿷ʿ磬һεӡ
ŷʱȫסˣ۹˹ʹŷҪԼķâˣЩ˵Ŀⶢš
ŷüͷЩԻѵԼλʲôԵĵط
Ҳʹľһʱ֮Ҳûʲô˼
һС˹Źŷ磬Щŵ˵λܻͣܲһλã
ΪʲôŷʵºͣĿⶢС˵ϣȴһֿµϣСһȻֱӹ
ŷЦãһѽС˸˵ú£ʲô˵ɡ
˶ЩȣȻС˵Ķе㲻⡣Ҫ֪¥ڴƵıСˣûµģʹһЩԹҲǷǳƽģ˾͹ģĺٿ
֪ŷղ¶һ˿ϣһܹܵģǹŷղżʱջϣСڿѾˡ
С˲˵ֻǻȻ˿ˡСˣæѯʣСȻûдӸղŵĿ־ѹأһ仰˵
ЩСԼͬӣҲҹŷһ¡
ѾĿˣŷ񣬸ӹˡ
ŷ类ǿе㲻ˬɨЩˣ̲סһЩʿ׻һľսϽĿתƿˡо׸ղСôųɸղˣǻǵһμµء
кܶӻˣ˲뵽ƺ
ҲЩڶţһλõˣǵ뿴ŷôҪ֪Ǹ˵ĵλޱȣȻˣǸ˵ʱҲҪ֡
ǵĿⲻٿԼŷջϡһ仰˵ȴϳ
ƽһᣬʫԣһʿӣùŷЦǹŴ¥𣿻ģڿϷһ
ҪǱЩʿ֪ŷ罫ǵˣϷˣ֪ǻ᲻нŷɱٱ顣ɧʲô鶼ܹġ
ãֶ˲ˡʿűĽˣΪߣں쾳磬δ졣
ȻЩ˶ǴƵˡ
ﵹһʿûУùŷЩʧ뵽ϵ϶ǷΪУŮɫ̫Ƴ磬һЩʿ֮֮󣬰ٷ֮ʮŵĶеĮļһϾǺټģԹŷҲͲˡ
ڹŷĵʱһ˵ĳ֣ùŷ΢΢Щȡ
һʿˣ쳣ͬ֬һļֱһŮһʵҲȷʵһŮˣŮװŮˡ
ڹŷУ׼ȷ˵Ӧһͷĸ
צϣҲֻĺһ塣
һŮҤӣŷ¶һĨЦֱ̫ˡ
ǸŮǸӦŷĿӣת˹ŷ磬Ȼݺݵĵ˹ŷһֻۣ˵ʵǺᡣ
ŷ̲סŮüŪۣʱŮϸӱˡ
ùŷо˼ҪŮʱһȺ˽ʿϢŷһоȻ˵ϵɵ磬ҲǿߣһϵϢе죬ֺʲһ


1114 ƹ
мˣȻ˼ߵľǿߣͬ龳磬һɱȻɱǿߡ
ǽ¥֮󣬱ŷڵλÿ˹ǸλѾ֮һȺ˵üͷ̲ס
ŷһλѵǸЩģЩ˵ƣǳпǴƵԹ
мһˣһӣӢͷɣȻֻվȴһֲֿѹһϵĴڣһҪȥĳ嶯

ŷǵϢʲôˣǻߵĻҲǻ˲ǱˣȻǴƵĻʵۡ
ŷףΪʲô˲λˣʲôЦǻʵ۵λã˭˸
һʵ۾ȻҲҤӣҲǹƵġ
Ȼŷ粻ںԷݣȻǵۻʣУҲֻһͨ˶ѣָԻɱ
ԷϵĻŨԵסĹȻ޷ŷȼǿߡ
ÿ
һ佫ˣߵŷǰ۾Źŷ磬ŭȵ
ŷתӣ˵
ŹŷĻһӴϴϱ佫̲סȥ
˶оԾǱ׼ŷЦģȴû뵽ȴһĻҪ֪Ǹ佫ǴƵһλ޵սͳƴɨ£ǴʱȻһǳͻˣǿŷʱˡ
ֻǸŮмЦһս۸һɼǿߣʵ̫ˡ
Ǹ佫һˣɫ죬һŭӣһ˫ӶڹŷϣʶҪҧһ佫ףԼһˣֱͳЦ޵еҪʧˡ
뵽ŭڣԼıҪŷ䡣
ס֡һǸʵۿˡŷУһĨͣȻŷ˹ȥ
λԴղҵµˣΪҵǸŷֵһ֣ˣҲƽˣԺעˣҪû£һߴȥҪһῴˡ
Դһ㶣ûأ¾Ȼ˲ֱӵеܲˡ
ԴҲһ΢΢һЦֹסҪŭĻһߡһλ£úܶ𾪣ڴƹʵԴȻˣʵǸо˼顣
ȻܶҲ²⵽ˣǸǿƵļһɼңǼΪǿɼңȻĻԴİԵǲȴġ
Դ߸ŵһȺˣɫĶŹŷ磬ղŹŷĲԴʵ۵ϣֱ衣
購Ȼоޡ
λ֪δڴƹסԴ룬е㲻ģһߵĴ󽫵ˣǼΪɼңпǴɣһˣڴƹ˵ֱһ¡
㲻֪ĵطڴƹסƣסŷ絭˵
ҴǵؽһΪṩԴһ㶣Ȼ˵
ŷЦЦôƹܹסսɵĹ
ĵսɣԴ𾪵ʵЩ޷ˡ
°ٷ֮ʮŵսɣҵĵˡŷ˵ǲݱ¶ǸŮֻԴ߼ʿҪȻùŷ紫Ϣġ
Դ΢΢һ㶣վŷʩһ񣬿Ц˵ԭǴʥӽ٣Դʧˡ
ȻΪɽĵһԴҲ֪ŷ顣
Ǹŷһֺ˵սҲɴ۾ԼղԵʲôˣһ㶼ɥһֿϲ
Ҫ֪ŷյʱ䣬ɱôսɣͷѾˣ˵ŷսж޵еҪܹŷ磬ֻսļ˳֣ܹ
һ˵ĺǳУֻǺˣûˣ˵ֱһϵҫ
ŷһЦû˵Щʿŷг˾ȣȻҲ֪ʥ˭ڵɽУֻԴʥֳƺˣգûбˡ
ڴƣվһĴڣǴо˹Ķ
ŮŷЩȣִһ˿ŭ뵽ʲôˬһ
ܵŮĵ⣬ŷЩȣԼûΪʲôŮһ顣
ŮԼŷҲŮ໥ӣܶ˿һĻŷһˡüȥʱʥӣȻһŶ֮ˣǶʱӣﾡùŷע⣬ȻĻǱŷʥӿˣǺܻܿջ


1115 Ů
ŷ֪Լһ֮ˣ϶ᱩߡ
޳֮ͽŮ
ˣС椣ŷЩ⣬ԼȻò˵ӢҲԲʲô޳֮ͽ
Һ޲ýʬΡŮҧĳ͹ŷһ޲ýҧһ顣
вŷ粻м˵
ɲʲôУΪԷŮͶԶԷֻҪǹŷĵˣһͬʣŮͬԷ
˵ʲôŮվŭʡ
˾ȣŮг˹Ź֣ȻѾ֪ŷݣȻҺǳŷ磬˼ֱ̫ˡ
˵ʲôˣŷ⣬ŮƣղֻǴ˸û
ͻȻ˾һ񾭲һ
޳֮ͽ
Ůŭ죬һŭӡ
ӣһϷŮӣϷԼĶԷŭЩʿŷʱˣǻΪǹŷʲôֶΣϷŮء
ݳúܺáŷһЦŽ׵ݱ¶ڴҵУף쳣ҫۡ
ŮƣݺݵĶŹŷ磬
ʥӹȻζءԴ˵СǹŷʲôˣȻˡŷһ£Դʲô˼һЦԴ˵²ҪˣԱУǰáŮ
ԴڨڨһЦû뵽ԼôС˵ŷ羹ȻܹԴѾһ˹ŷ磬͹ŷһ㽻飬ʵ̫źˡ
ŷȻҲû뵽ԴƵı£ѾֺԼ顣
Ů֪Լ첻ǹŷĶ֣ߺߵһ˫ʱɨŷ磬һ˿ĺͲм
ŷɫδ䣬öԷвԵ޹ʶԼ⣬ֱĪ
ʱ˶ùŷе㾪ȣĿһ˹ȥ
һŮӣƮȻϼԣ
ľˡ
ŷŮӣԲ٣ܹŮȵģֻˣԯһˣ߱Ҳһй࣬ħŮҲǣ֮⣬ܹŮȵˣĺ١
ŷ֪ǴƵڶŮǸҡùŷǸһŮ˺棬ڶŮһزǴƵһŮʲôزˡ
ƣһƮۼݾ£ع㣬Ľܳߣ֮١
һ⣬ʱڹŷǵǰ컯
ʿȫˣɫʹЩСˣȻòʱʱҲ֪ںδ
ŷ羪̾ɫǡ
ƯһӦŮ޵һԵӡ
ŷЩЦŮòϷֺֻΪӴ磬Բſ¶ݣ϶ᾪһƬˡ
ңЦſڣòΪƯĿ˶
ô֪ŮӣŮ̲סɴ۾һȵӡ
ȻŮװվŮӣһ۵ǾͿˡ˵ᣬһ˸̨һ٣£ֲңһ˵ִ˻֡
ʹŷ綼ò̾ԷиȾһ־磬Ѿڵˡˣɲϣùŷе㾪ȵǣһ⣬Ȼδڹŷ翴ֱе˼һ޵ˣĵӣԸŷ磬һҪһͽܵ뷨
ԭԺһע㡣ŮЦ˵ȻһȺʿм䣬ȴǳ󷽡
Ͼڳ˶һЩˣΨһв˾ǹŷ磬ԴߵļˣĶ֡
ŷ£˵쵯ٰɡ
һ㶣ŷЩ֣Ȼ֪ŷݣףȻԴλ棬ԴȻʵһߣһֲŵĸо
λǣʵ
ŷ磬ʥĵӣһ޳֮ˡŷûлشŮȴˣŷݺݵıһ١
ŷһۣЩ˵Сǣûе㰡Ҫǲǣ
ŷЩˬεƣսŷԸޡҪ֪ŷʲôԵˡ
˵𣿡ŮЦȻ˿ŷ硣
˵仰ĿתȻ˵λ㣬ǧҪһһ쵰ɫߣԲһö
ȴûŮĻһĿŷ磬һӡ


1116 Ů
ŷ类ЩֹԼѵԼʲôʶԼΪﵽ߾磬Ѿ۹մͲõһ㡣
Ǵʥĵӣʵ
ŷͷȻѾ¶ݣûбҪΡȻ֪ʲô飬ǺȻԲʲô飬ŷɫпһֽ޵Ķųޡ
Ů𣿡ʵ

˾ȣŷ綼û뵽Ȼ˵ĻҪԼŮҪ֪ĴƵڶŮλǺܸߵġ
ʵ۶񡣲ȻĻԴôϲȴôʱ䶼ûеõˣȻȻǵҲԸǿһҡ
ڽΪŮԴ롣
Ϊʲôŷʵ
Ҫ𡣡˵һ㶼Լ뷨
ɱ˭ŷЩȡ
˵һ֣ȻԴɫˡΪһ֮β֪ʲôˣҲǿߣȻƣⲻ˶Է֪ΪʲôûнԼԼ飬Ҫ𣬶ȴû
뵽ԴЦԼΪһȻûֱһЩЦ
ŷҲһ㶣ȻҡͷԲҲǴĶ֣ұ˵ңʦ֣Ҳδܹɱ
Ϊͣ˵ʵ顣
ʵϴȷʵһʵֽץסȻձˡҹô꣬յʵѾԽ꣬ȵ겻֪ǿ˶٣ҲյĶ֣ɱȻһ׵顣
ҪǣȻ壬ҲǷŴܣոǷеĶսʤǴˣǽͬУǻᱻЦġ
ɫʧ䣬û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵ĻΪʥ޵УҲȻ޵УŹŷ磬Ժлɱڿһж̫ˡ
ʵŷʥӣֱԲǶԷĶ֡
Ҫ𣬼ܣΪʥѾ֪ĴˣҲƹػ
ʥ˵ӣǱ֮ϣһ죬ܹԽʥľ磬ҪҪ𣬸׼ûдŮڣŷ磬¶һĨЦ
ŷЦã֪ѾͷڱԼ
㲻Ҫ˵˵һŮˣʲôŷû˵
һĨϣŷĻ֮ʱٴʧϾŷ˵ŮֻһŮˣһͨŮôܼʥء

̾Ϣһû˵
ŮɵҲ֪ͲԼЩС˵㣬㲻ңҵĻԿɿ
С㲻һͨˣܹʥԴ̲ס˵
ԴһۣŮЦ۷̥Ǵ֪ͨ˵ġ
˻һ˾ȣѵǰŮװѾͷȻһ˲ɣ뵽ղŵıֿ֣ܣϾһˣθҺʹʥӶš
һ·ɼңԴЩȵʵ
۾ŮЦһƬ⣬һצڿնȥ塣
˾֪ղǸﾹȻһͷ뵽ղŵĻĿŷ硣
ɳΪū澡˵
ֱŷĿ
ŷ籾ӳûߣȴû뵽ķӦȻô죬û뿪֮ǰ
ŷЦãҡҡͷҲ㣬ûʱ䲻̫ǸңҲδܹ𡣡
ɫᶨڵϣ˵Ը⣬ֻҪܹɳߡ
ŷЦãҪ뿪־Ȼ񣬹ŷѵһ¡΢΢ҡҡͷ˰ɣȸҰɣ˵ˣҲѱǸʦһ飬ս׷ɱң˭ܹɱңͽܣúֶΣҼÿʱÿ̶пС
ŷĻҡͷɳİɣʹҲֻ컯ɳûйϵɳҡ
ãȻ˵ˣҾʹӦ㡣ŷ˵дһĨ͡
ϲվߵŷߣٲȻһѾͷӣ˶Щɵۡ
˭Ҳû뵽龹Ȼᷢչһһմᣬȴ˴ʥӵŮôôŤҲвгĽǿΪŷŮҲһִԵԺܹɵΪˡ


1117 
Դһվֵϲҡ
л¡ͷڵݣĲͬˣȻһĽĴң˹ŷŮŮȫһĸǸ߸ϵģȻ̫ڼɵ
Դ̾Ϣ֪ԼԵѾˣ֮һᶼûˣӴˣĿ˵ɷ
֪ɳܲΪͽԴ̽Եʵ
Ҫ֪һɵǾ޽ˣʱͿԶԼĻʵˡ
ŷҡͷ߲Ӧףǽ̱ήǴ
ŷĻԴȻһЦȻ֪һ㣬ղŲ̽Եһ£õֽ⡣
Դ̫̰ˣѾϵݣȴҪų̫̰ˡԴЦ
ŷû˵ϣֻҪ飬һ̹ȻЩʵ۸ǲŲء޽ǾܹԶԼĻȨлϣġ
ڵɽУļ֮⣬ûлʵۣȨǴƳȻǿ󣬵ҲҴɡ
ˣһξʹ˽¸ˡŷ˵
һۣȻһ֣ʧ
ʮ֮һɽۣŷ罫Ŀ˵֪ҪΪҵŮҪʲôĶûа취ŵ㣬ҿԱֻ֤ҪһҵΪﵽһ취㱨𡣡
ģ
ŷͷʲôŵ˳ŵ֮󣬹ŷͿ϶
лˡ˵
ˣƺùŷоϷŹ֣ŪԼūһŷ룬㲻óƺˣҪȻͺҹŷߺһүԼѡ
ŷĻ΢΢һ㶣Ȼԥһ˵ү
ŷЦȫԼһū澵ĵλˣڶʮһ͵Ĺŷ磬ȻһֱЩӦ
ˣҰܹͨӵиҵʵŷ˵ȻһǲܸģҪֱ֣Ϊ
ͷɫЩڹŷ綯֮ϵЦݼڵһʱʧˡ
ŷһְֻϣµڣеһжݻˣһ̡ŷϣٵٴۣұøǿ
ĸоʱٴα˺ˣȻŷٴν޸
ܶʼͰȥֱ˹ȥڹŷ磬ɫ糣ûֹͣԼϵĶ
ʱ֮ﱬһɿµϢ𶯰ǧ磬Ƕˡ
ϵϢ쳣¡ŷ绮ԼָһνɫѪϣֱС
ѪޱȣԸ˵ʣ˵һ쳣ǿĵزⶼǴ˵ܹ񵽻ѪʵдսȻսһѪڣҲ䣬ԻҲѪ
˵һ컯֪ἵʵ۾ˡ
ŷȴδѪһŵΣŷָԶϣĹ룬ϢԽԽǿȻһͨˣﵽ˵ľ磬߽׵ˣֻһܹΪɡ
ŷɫЩҪɵΪ龳ĸ֣ŵλѪȻûͻƣʵ̫ˡ
ŷۣУѪȫС
䡣
һ죬ضɫ֮һƣпµ˸ȻͻƵ龳֮١
Щη壬ȻͲӦ
ŷȻ⣬ЩĿ˲һۣȻһž˳ȥϵĽƱŷһƸֱӳˣȻ۶ûۡ
˿һĻ϶һԹ쳣ɵĶܶԸȴŷһƸɢˡֱʵ̫ˡ
ɢĺܿ죬ŷ翴ҲûпȻ֣ͣҪ쵽ĵز
һʱ̱֮㷢Լ仯˵еʵ̫İˣͿƲסҵһŽһɽߵ̲֮סŴͣףԼѾǰȫһˣĳͨ˵УΪʿ
Ѿˡŷ˵
ʲôһֱԼġ


1118 ɱ
ˣ˵ͬٵĴڣܣһƿ𣬶ֻǸŷ磬Ϊˣһִ컯
ãԼˣֻǰˣܹԼбĻᡣ
ɫŷȻ֪ʲô뷨ЦѣʼΪеĸ
ɫ𾪣Źŷ֪ԭҲŵȡĳ˴Ϊǿ֡
ţҲʹҲ޵еִڡ
үʲôΪʵ
߾磬ҲˣƺһҵսӦúսһ㣬߲ĺԶŷ͡
֪սɾսͬڴɵǿߣٽһԹŷʵʵǵˡ
ǴɣһΪɣսӿ¡
үҲǳ˲ˡ˵
ŷЦȻҡҡͷû˵˵Ͻǿƣǵɽǿ߾˾ˣ֪жʵ̫ˡһϽˣɽ磬϶ᱻš
ˣˣҲˡŷһֱʧ
Ǹ뿪һ̣Ӱ˹ɫۣĿ߰ɨΧգȴһ
ܵÿ졣һнɫĹâ˸ɱȻ
ɱҽһ壬ȻյĵӣҲҪ
ߣһûôˡһ˿ڡ
һһǿߣȫսǿߣһ˸Ǵɣ൱ϹŴǿߣһѪ֮ˣս쳣¡
׼뿪ʱһֻµĴУתɱݺᣬ춯ء
񾪽УǴŭȣ֡
µɱͬʱ˳ȥǻѪܵ˴ˡ
ֻٴһѪֻ֮ϣɨɳȥ
ɱ
ŷȣ˫ӡ˲仯һս𣬳ɱղŹŷ翴뿪֮Ǳ˻Ϯ
һսɲɱУжԷһֻ޴Ľȥûһʡ
ŭǴһɱ
ŷ绯սǴսǶսʤ֮ʩչ쳣¡һ˲սˣսһ
һģŷ˿·磬Ѫںһ²ɵ
ɱ
ŷŭɽӲһֻץסһֱֻ˺˶Է
һĨŷ絯ֱָӱԷԪ񡣻ʣ񾪲֪ԼĶжôĿ£һսɣȻɱˣˡ
ЩһۣսǴסŷĽȻתӡݺᣬٶȿ쵽˼£ʹŷҪ׷ǣ̫ףЦһ˫ӡֱӹᴩգԶһӰը
ŷնɱˡ
һ߸ߵУһµӰӣɫĹâ硣ϱɱ⣬Ҫһ㡣
ߡ
һߴճ֣վ棬˵Ͻʲô
ɱѪǵµӰڣɱȻ
ŲֻҪҳ֣ұɱ´Ȼ쵰Ц
ңŭվûгǱ˵⻰϶᲻ΪȻղһӣһԻء
Цû˵ɫȫĮͰȻ
ˣҡ˵ԼƽˣǴʱȴͻȻŭĿԲɱӿˡ
ҲŴͣȻĿЦá
ŭ硣
ʱһɽУտŽĹŷ磬ͻȻһһľսĸо
ܿһۣգʲôûз֣΢һˡ
ŷ֪Ϊһϴڣʱȫˡ
֮⣬µӰ֣մֺգսЦãϽ㵭㣬ô࣬ǳ˼õô
յĻ䣬ĳָˡ
аŷԼ£յǣҲ̲סһ˿Ө⣬ĺܺó԰ɡ
뵽տ񣬼ֱڿһȫһ
ôĿѣԼﱻ˳ԵԼţȫյ񣬶Ӷըˡ
ࡣ
ʱյĶӴһֱôʧȥǡ
ҺƴˡǷһճ˹ȥ


1119 
µӰȥ򵽾֮ϣ綼ˡ
޵еսһΪʥһضĿ´ڡһΪľ˾ˣսͬޱȡ
ǾҴսޱ߷ꡣ˶ܿǵսû˸ȥȰ裬µĴڣȻǴʱ¶ԸκϽȥ
䡣
˼ҴսǼҪضˡ
ŷ˼磬ȵ˵ʦں˭սأ
վڹŷߣʲôɻľ磬ȻּܸܵĿֲ档
ŷֻɻһ£㲻ˡ
պ˭սܹϵģҹŷҲΪܹɱգŷһֲ²⣬Ȼлճ֣Ҳδܹ
⡣
ŷ翾һ⣬ֱӵݸ
ޱȣ˾ֻǳһСڣðŴ󺹣һЩܲס
ŷ翴һĻֹһȻе˹ֱо룬ܳȥȻĻЩ͹ˡ
Сӣ˷ѰһЩ۵һֵˣ֪ʲôʱǵǰ棬ŷһ
˭ŷ羯ʵ
ͻȻֵļһг𾪣Ҫ֪ǺǿҪֻ߲֣һֿܣԷΪ硣
ǰˣһܵԷ޵ѹŷ֪ԷУ¶һ
һʳңģҶûκζ⣬ֻҪһڴԡһڿˮ
ʳңŷһ㶣ɫŹ֣Ȼֱȡһһȣֱ˹ȥ
ӴޱȣһֻȾͬһСɽһ˸ޱȣֱӽȻŷ˵Ȼˣ㲻дһ𣿡
ŷһ㶣ȻЦãԼһȸˣҪԼд
ŷҲһСˣֱͳһ⣬տ˵ζȻѾԱ̲סһ˿ˮ
ŷЦе㲻˼
⿾һ⽹ۣȻӸǸˡ
˸ӵϣһ˵ǰ棬һѽǿץУȻһ£Це˵ͽܵտַǲġ
˺Ȼգ˱˶ʱŭŭӣҵĶ
ùŷ羪ȣ˾Ȼ˵е˼Ȼʶյġ
˵˼֮ĹϵӦò򵥣ܹվĶԵģȻһˡ
ôù𣿡հһЩ˵
Ŀɿڴ֪ǰ˭ˣŷʦǲǴʥү˫һҪȴԼôҲȥ
ȥˣ㲻ҪķȻնƵڶŮûеԣһʱɫЩס
ŷԼʦһۣ˵㲻ҪͷĸڵˣƢ̫ãİɣ˺ġ
ʲôǸڣСʵ
յ˹ŷһۣû˵ٺ˵С㡣ȻնԻ˽⣬Ȼ֪ʲôڡ
ŷٺһЦû˵
Ǹе㲻ͷˣŭӣҪתƴҵעҲ
պܼ˵
һҧǿϣ磬ĸо̲סкá
ҺƴˡǸ˷˹ȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һֻ˼սһѹס˫֮⣬û𺦵һ㶫
Ǽһ˲䣬໥˳ǧУӵĳ̶ȣùŷ𾪡ʱ򣬹ŷ翴˵ˣ֪˾һȴû뵽˵ʵȻǿһز
ܹչУˣǵɽΪµĴڡ
ˡ
ճ֣ˣɫͨ죬ݺݵĴŴ
̬ʵˡ𾪵˵
ֻãֻһѡҡҡͷɫЩ̾Ϣ
ɽķˣһдֲȻ죬һҲҪ䣬岻һأվ޷ǰһ˵ɫ꣬ԳһЦļһõһ㣬һ㹻ңġ
ĸģʵ
ʡͻȻŭŭĿԲĿ˺Ѳ죬ϵ¡


1120 ˽
մЦڴڳ⣬ûһȵʣһɱϵ¡
֮ϣһϴڿЦҡͷһַˡ
ڹŷ磬˲֪ԶһѪղŵһ˲䣬˺ϱɱˡ
ùŷ𺳣Ҫ֪ǿʵҲǿףպ˵ɱⶼס
Ҫ𡣡˵
һҪġյ
ŷ粻֪˵ʲôܹ˵ĻУɱ⡣
Ǻǣ˷ˣǸСһٿһݽ⡣ͻȻЦ˵ŷ˵ָӡ
ȷǲᷢ裿ŷЩʵ
Ųҽӽأʱŷ缫Ϊ裬ղ˵ÿ죬ԼԻᱻش鶼пܣˡ
ʲôʦ͸Ͻһۡ
ʦ壿ŷɴ۾֪˭ˣ˵е˽䣬Ԫ˧μбĽɫʱȻԼǰ
ʵյʱ򣬹ŷ뵽ֿˣֻû뵽ôͻȻ
Ȼ˽䣬͹ŷе˽ȫһһµǿߣμмصãǸղ־޵ı֣һµǿߣ¾Ǳһ㣬Ҳ˶١
ˣôǸֱִļһŷҲš
жǸ쵰дǸӣȵȥ磬ѰǼһһҪúõĽѵһٲСտЦ˵
Ȼ׹ŷΪʲôֱ飬μмص˽䣬ʵ̫ˡ˿Цãһǿɣȴһоޡ
ֵ֮ĸ飬ȱеҪõöࡣ
жһ𣿡ŷ羪ȡ
һ֪ɽաղм˵
һС˰ˣ뿪磬ҪҵȣĻ쵰˽Ц˵
Ȼ֣ȴ쳣Ӣ䣬ɢһְóϷ
׷ٻӣʧ֮֮£Ȼ»ɽԵɺ֮£Ȼ磬ждμǣǸӣֱһСˡ˽Ц˵
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ʶһ⣬ǰٻӣǴ˵УǶϲ϶ӵİ
ŷʳԼ⣬˽ȴѵñɫ
Ͻ˵׼˵϶ǴΪȺԲҵܹȾָġ
ᵽ϶˽ɫЩһ˿ɵ
һļһѣʲôηġղм
˽ҡͷЦղںΪµĴڣ˽䲻һʵԴĿֲڣŲСĲġ
յĴ࣬ϾȻˡùŷԴˣǵɽˣһڣԯݺǴõģ
ԴЩңЩ߰飬ùŷͷŷ緢֣Լ֪Խ࣬Խǿܶණ
ǹŷȴһָоһеһУһεƶڲһŵľ֡
ԯʵۡȴ𡢹սԪǣһ˶ڹŷУǶƶһЩ顣
ЩеǲߣеĿӡǿ϶֪һЩŷ²⣬֣ԼżҵˣҲкܴĹϵ
ǹŷֻǱָܵо
ˣ˵Щ£ԶҴ˲پƣ첻顣մЦΧһ
ŷԻûһմĺ⣬˱ǵü˶ǲΣ̲סһЩǹŷԼסҪˡĺôҲǾ޴ģתε붨ˡ
ѾͷвСĳɾ͡տ˵
ŷ羪ȣûпĵط
Ѫ壬ѾΪһֿµʣ磬벻⣬ֱѪеٻߵǱ˵ĿƣȻԼָ⣬ֱӱƳһξѪ˹ȥ
Ȼտ˽һۣˡ
֪ͽܵⲻǺóԵģҵùɡ˽䰧̾ͬƳһξѪûС
ŷԾ۷ľѪֱ̫ˣԿһδµǿߣպ˽Ѫͷǳ
СǸ깫ѾͷҴˣΪﵽҵҪ֮ٻѺѾͷտ˹ŷһۣ


1121 ս
ŷЦԼ߸ոոһˣֱˡҲùŷһϾĻŷδܹס
Ͼڱܶս죬ҪɱһΧѳȥʱٴһˣȻ͸ˡ
յһ仰ȴùŷЩ⣬С깫ѵ깫ʲôõͼ
ɻ󣬵ȴᣬͷȻֱԹŷڵʵ޾깫ʹʲôҲûбҪġ
ŷһɽϣȴ깫ȻѾӦ˶ԷŷȻᷴڡ
ѪڣΪȹУΪﵽ߾֮󣬹ŷҪʵʵ̫ˣҪߴĵر
ʱΧԪԲʮԪۼγһӴԪУ𾪣ǳĹԣŷ
ܶǿ߾㤣򣬳˾η˵Ҳ֪һǿƵĴǿֶͲһսܹǵġ
ûǿԸһµĴڣŷ羹ȻϵΪԼһȫĻ
Ͼ˭뵽ս׷ɱĴڣȻĿŵһôĶ׷ɱ
ŷʮһ޵׶ŴԪһҹŷϣ˫µĹⶴ񷣬ϴ֮ϡ
ʮ𶯣˶¶ηɫ
սνƥƿ£ֱֶ׷ǿߣƾˡ
ŷһһµĵʮ飬ؽԲһµӰߴʮɣϵƣ´ڤĿ˺أᴩŽδ
˹ŷ磬һս硣
ʮӰ֣ȫսɡǿޱȣƣǺӣŷ緢
ֻء
ŷȣʩչֻأµ縡֣ɱݺᣬһɱն䡣
Ⱥǿŭ𣬿ֻأȫնɫȻתҪߡ
ŷָ֣ؼ䣬ĨɱʮսԪ
ʮսɼһ˲ɻ˺Ȼŷ˲ţһĨɱʮսɣȻҲδܹɡ
սʤ𡣡ŷֻƽɫɫѪںһ𣬹ᴩ񷡣
ʤݻɽ¶һĨȵɫЩ˵üһȻ͸ҵĶս֮ԼĵУսһء
ʲô˽¶һĨȵɫսʤ֮˵ż򵥣ȴǳѡѰˣûֲֿս⣬зսʤʵ
СӲ򵥣Ȼٻ߾磬ҽΪµĻߡո̾ɫ¶һĨɫȻڹŷͽܣǳ⡣
߾磬˽䲢⣬ŷлѪұֵ̫ھˣǲΪߣǲء
Ҳ֪ҵܷ̤Ǹ硣˽˵ֵ¶صɫ
տһۣЦǶԼûģܹ۷壬ǾҪٻ߾ģֻгɻʣܱ𡣡
ֻеٻ߾磬ܱ𡣡˽Ц
ɫᶨȫǿµɱ⣬˵ǹŷȻܹǵĵˣǻ߾еˣȻĻյʵȻ˵ٻ߾磬ܱ
ɽûлߵģǾĻߣߺ͵ɽϵǹŷ֪һ㣬϶𾪡
ս
ŷ˼Ȼսʤ֮ԼĵУȴòǶôƣкܶȱݡ
ŷݻݳһսӡ֤ͻȻ֣һطɱ˹ȥµӰ£ŷɱ˹ǲˣֱӭȥ
Ǿ񡣡
бߡ
˾ϳ˵ݡ
ֹŷԲİμһ飬սս仨ˮԵ÷ǳ
Ǹһ֣ŷ֪μֱǷƨһһߣֱǿĿ¡
ΪϹŴ죬ɽһֻ󸫺գ²ɵ
һߣͬϹŴĿ´ڣ̫һˮַŷ繥üβһԿ
ŷ֣ͬʱӡ֤ԼĶսѪ𶯲񷣬ԽԽǿƣ²ɵ
µս˺أؼ䡣ŷѪããͣĴµĹ𶯣¶Ȼɫ
¾ء
𣬴󸫺գڱΰ񷣬Ҫһ㣬µɱͬХһ㣬ŷȥҪ顣


1122 ǰѪ
ǼµһĻر飬ʮɽʧɻҡܶǿ߾㤣ܵһвһĻȻѾɱˡ
ŷȴ˿ˣָȥϸĻֻᷢɣһʮɱ⣬춯ء
ײһһ㣬紹䣬˸ճһµѷ죬ǼµһĻ
Ҫ֪ϼ̵Ŀ£ȻҪ˺ѣ̫ףҪȫ֣ȴ˵ĳѿˡ
ɳȥ󸫱飬ɫȻȻը飬ֻԪ˳ȥŷһһѪӲӵģʥϢһֻʵϢۡ
䣬ڹŷϳ̰Ҫɱŷ磬ҪŷһѪԼУıʡ
̫һˮ£ÿһζǳŷ縲档
ŷЦԶսݻѪϣ̫һˮײһȴ̫һˮȥ
ɱ
ŷ֣貣̤ŴǰУһ̤߶ķѡ
һԪУɫ֣ȻǱŷĿսŵˡҪߣȴŷֱһ£ֱ顣
ϹŴǿһһһסˣ˭û뵽һ
˭һսŷ糤Хʮ
ûӦʱĹŷʵ̫ˣս졣
˶ĬŹŷ磬дžηɫ
ŷɫ΢΢üЩмڵɽǿЩʧʧȥѪԣԼŻǿߣǾȻͲҶˡ
뵽ŷ΢΢̾Ϣһ̤һС
Ǵƹһǳأǰҵһ̬͡ƾıֲ֡
ŷһ¥ֱӽ¥˼켸ҹľƣԼ˼Ľ⣬ճԵֻ֮󣬹ŷǽ
һӣǺ깫Լʱ䵽ˡŷ絭һЦʧֱ뿪
Ǹط깫Ѿˡʱ깫һĵۣòãԱЩڵõϵɸӵòȻ༫ѡ
ŷ֣깫¶һĨϲ˵ѹȻسŵ׼ʱԼ깫
ŷ깫һȻӦһûд깫ϸܵʲôõĵطЩϢ֮⣬ûκ쳣
ŷΪѪʥѪ΢΢𶯣Ȼ깫ϵǹϢӰ첻ŷ硣
ˣ߰ɡŷö˵Ȼ񣬵յĸ룬ùŷе㷸ֹһԼ
Ҫ֪ЩЩ߹ļһһǾޱȣҪһˣԵǷʤ
һ·ǰУǰѪ
깫·ڹŷ磬ȻڷУȻԼķսյĵ֮ǰĵںһ֮󣬹ŷһкս֡ʱĹŷ磬ǰҪǿ̫ˡȻδͻƾ磬սȴǿʢһء
ŷȴоֶս̫ƣԶԶûдﵽޡ
֪ĶԺںһ飬ȻٴݡȻùŷ緢ֺܶ಻ĵطо˸ʱһߵ깫ԾѣȻû뵽ŷԾȻµһز
һ·ϣŷ粻ͣҪñ֪ˣ϶ĿɿڴҪ֪һһһΣѵõĻԵˣǹŷȴһ·еĲൽж󣬿¾ǹŷΪ㲻ɡ
һֱһһҹһĵĵֲͶﶼ˹죬ȫѪɫģһޱȣȫǳײУʱԹŷǽй
깫֣סЩײеĶӰ쵽ŷ磬о˸֪һЩʲô
վסһǰħ죬һħ˵˼㡣ùŷ깫һΪԼŵһϴڡ
˿Ż˵ļһ֮ЩһΪ񾳽ļһһѪɫĳۣһţԴһ緢ӡ
֪Сһȥ깫ˣЩЦãֱһָԷɡ
ǸţͷħһڻָѣоԼͿǵΪ֮ףԼǵ˲Ӧǵǿߡʶһ㣬ţͷħսս󺰵λүүСħ۲ʶ̩ɽ
ˣûʲô飬ÿɡŷ絹ûɱħֵĴ㣬öԷÿ·


1123 
ħЩ⣬Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˴ȡСħһʲô϶ʲô³붼Ҫɵ
ڹŷ羹ȻŹˣħ־֮࣬Щм
ˣԸŹССȴԸȥħ˵
ŷ羪ȣ˵еˡ
ǰǲʲô״ŷʵ
ħֵͷħѮսǰнսΧˣᱻ˹Ȼͨ󣬵ǲѮħͶ񿰳޵УǰȥĻ»Σա
ħֵĻŷ羪ȣħѮڤ紴֮һߡ
ߣеʵʵǿϹŴ졣ڶȻһսʵҲϹŴѡ
ùŷЩ⣬ʵαһսһջˡ
ŵѣ㲻ҪΪĺʵ꯵ʹʥսʱ򣬴ʥ꣬ΪոմﵽϹŴ񾳽硣깫˵ᵽ꯵ʱһ⡣
ŷͷֽͲź뵽ղϹŴ񾳽磬꣬ŷҲ̲סզ࣬ʦʵ̫ţˡ
ʥλǸţͷħЩȵʵ
֮䣬һܹʥ깫ٺٵ˵
䣬ţͷħֱӹŷг˾ηʱ֪Լ˭Ȼʥĵӣ𾪣
ʥ˵֮ħµ˭ʥĪˡռδɷ֮ǰɱ˶֣˭˵塣
ںܶħյĸΪӣһǺܽħгһµǿߣһ棬ַǳգΪ֮ħɱ̫ˣЩħУвĴܣɱһħһĴʧ
СĲ֪Ǵʥǰţͷħֹ˵ֲ嵽Ǽη塣
ŷЩ˵깫ǰУֱԽСǰȥ
һ·̣ŷ㿴ǰڽŴսǿɱĶս԰ǣȫԡѪɱ
ÿһǿߣгɰǧˡֱǽɹħ⽻һȫɢɱ⡣
ŷզ࣬ɽǿʵ̫ˣ֪ԼģǵɽȫʵɽһǶ˵ϡ
ǿʵ̫ˣһս԰ϵǿս깫֣ʱ˫˵ע⡣
һ񽫷˹һֻǹָŹŷ˺ʣǺˣߡ
Ǹ񽫰Ȼŷ˵г˰ɹޣ쳣ǿ󣬾ȻһϹŴĴɡ

깫һ䣬ŭȵ
ͥ񽫣㾹Ȼ˵ҹµǸǸ񽫴ȣŭ
ǹָ깫ʱһ
깫ЦһȻҶҪһʦ壬㾹ȻҶ񣿡
˻һǸ񽫱ɫȻǶʦѵһȺˡ
뵽һҲ¶һ˿ɫԹʵ֪ɳγƺ
Ȼ񽫱깫һʦŵˣȻҲ
϶˵ҵ֣ҽ깫깫ڣԼ֡
ԭꡭʲôǸ񽫱Ҫһ£˼ֵ״ź˵ʱ򣬶ʱǻƨһתܡһţһ߿ɥ˵ˣˣҺ˵ˡ
˶ɵۣ֪׷ʲô񾭡ֻһǿߣոսӽ깫Լֱ֮Ӷ˵תߣһԥûСԸһսҲԸӴ깫ǱĽְ
ʲô飿ŭӢ䲻ɫսףüһ۽գȴһֿµϡ
ղڲѮսҪѮսܵʱ񽫵ĲҽУһѮᣬ˳ȥ
һס񽫵Ĳӣʡ
ˡǸ񽫿ɥ깫ߵķ
˳ԼµĿ˹ȥ깫ò֮󣬶ʱ̲סһ飬깫
г˲죬ȻǶԼҲû뵽Ȼ깫
깫һ˵ʱȫȻ˶Լͬȥɫ־壬깫ϵǼֱڿһħ
ŷû뵽깫ȻһزһǿߣҲǱˡ


1124 
깫òãۣٲȻһõɣ˹ŷ磬û˽ӽ˫ǿߣһɫηӵԶԶġ
ħѮֱʿˮһôԼˣѵǺԼзֹ
ֻжһ޾壬վȻһֿµս⣬ǵأδͻƣȻ־
ʦֶӦúһʦ塣깫˵
ѽ֮ˣָҺʦ壬ֱЦͽϣǶҲ̵衣ŭǳ⣬ɱȻ
ȻǰҾն㣬֪Ѳûһк³꯴ȡ
ߣҲˣӣǼλȥˡ깫ЦɫмҲܹ꯵Ķ֡
һսͷԲ㺰ģϹŴ۷壬ѹˣ֮⣬ûκˡ
գܣɼ꯵Ŀ¡
ǵҪסЦĿ䣬ɱᴩϵ£γһѪ⣬ޱȡ
ŷȻ꯵ʵԿƿ£Ȼʱ꯵Ķ֡
˵ĺãҵĿԴܲ깫Цһӡ
еָ깫˵Ȳһˡ
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ŷ羪ȣɱ깫壬ֲܹڣ˵񣬼˶ܹúûţԭԭ
ΣҲ֮壬˭˿𣿡Цееֱ䡣
꣡
һ˸ض·һ˶㤣ꯣֱڿһ
ħѮһ£ף꯺Լսʱ򣬾ûжΪռսĻԼѾɵˡʱóʵƿ£֮£ܵС
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֮䷢ըŷɳȥһһ⣬µϢסΡ
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Ȼŷ·磬ȴܹоڹŷڣźܿµսûб
Ǻˣ뵽ŷǺ깫һ֣ɫŹ֣һѵ깫䡣
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Źŷ磬սȻ
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ɱ
ŷ֣𶯣ָֻ両֣ɱ⣬Ǹ񽫡

Ǹ񽫲ҽУ峹׻ΪһѪ
˶𾪣һսɣеٮٮߣԹŷ磬ȴжӲ£ɱĺ
ŷĮȻվУɢһɿµϣĿɨӹЩˣȻ񽫶̲סɫ
ǿˣ˭ֲֿܹģսĥԼĵӣŷʵ̫ǿˡ
ãʦ궼Ҫޡ¶һĨɫһսɱɱ꯿ǸܹԼӲһв˵ˣܹġ
л佱ŷ絭Ц
Ŀ⾼˵һ깫ȥһطϣ㲻Ҫ
˵أеңָŷ硣
˼ԣҪ깫Բܣս
ǾսɡŷЦĿתѮħʵѮħԸ֣ɱͥ
ɱѮѯʡ
ȻɱЩͥһͥսѾѪ𣬲죬ǶԷǶȻͥƴ󣬵Ѫڤ棬Ǳ֮춼ˣһױƼǿߣͥա


1125 ս
Ȼһֱţ겻ݡ
ܼ򵥣Ҳסꯣ깫֣ɱŷ˵ԼĴ㡣
ܲסãѮʵȻĶûʧȥǣǹŷ类սܣȫʵꯣԲܹġ
ֱɱЩΪֹŷ翴һۣ˵
ĻЩɫ꯱סѮħ֮˿ɵͣʱǾԻᱻɾ
ʦûôĻӡһЩ
ŷЦ˵Żᱻ۸Ȼͥð˭Ҳҡ
һû˵
ͥ۸Ըң˺ֶܶΣԲŽ£ɴѹ
նñͨĻһ̣ºͲˡ֪еһЩ飬ԹŷĻҲ޷
ͥ˶α֮һ統Ĳˡ깫Ц쳣м
̣ɫĮһսͬʱǵ̻ǳ̣Ȼ̡
ǣһȺαӡ깫ɫмĵĵꯡʵꯣȴ˿˼֣Ǹں꯵в
ŷûĵ깫һۣоһҲǹģĿľҪԼ꯴һ
ʵϹŷ粢һսڻ꯵Ķ֣սҲ꯺Ѵǹŷһ·硣
ŻǵУܹ׽סѾ˵꯵ʵ
ɱ
ȴЩĲ£ǲģ˴ˣҲܵͷҪ꯵һݣȻഫ֮ϵãվݡ
еֱ깫£ŷ˹ȥסеһȭѪ졣
ˣ
ŷһѪ֣ޱ޼ʣ꯳ȥ
Ѫģ죬ϣҪһ㡣
ǡѮɫŹ֣û뵽ȻڹŷУһС
ɱ񷡣¶ȵɫϳ˹ŷһУͬʱ֡
ʱѪʵħ죬Ѫ˿µơ
ŷ綼ܵͬѪǻˣƱǰ˺ֹһ
꯶֣е𶯳µɱ⣬ᴩؼ䣬Ѫײһ
䣡
һ޴ŷͬʱ˳ȥ
໥ţս졣
ɱѮħҲٿǹŷôɱһһȺ˳֣콫ɱ˹ȥ
깫кһ꯵Ķ֣ʾЩͨ񽫺Ķ֡
깫֣Էλ񽫣ǴѪֹΪ깫ʵǿϵϢ깫Ĵ˵Щһֵʱ򶼷ë᲻ս⡣
ͥǲѮħǵĶ֣ʧȥꯣЩ˴һͿ
ڹŷ磬ʱս˲֣ͣˣɱ
ŷ״¶𾪵ɫ˿֮ǿ£Ȼʦܵ޴ѹ꯾ڹŷ磬Ȼȫѹ
ȻʦҲδܹʤҡĮ˵˫ֺƣŷɳȥֱԶһѪɽ
ŷһٴսһ
ͽಫȴʹ÷ӾˡѰ񽫣¶סǵһֻҪǽս˲пܱ򱬡
ЩսıʿǣҿˣһನУȻ̫ǿʵ춯ء
ͬҪѹǵˣûС
ŷ糤Хһڷŭ裬ȣ˫ӡݻսսһ
꯾ȣܵŷսڷӣȴû꯻ţȴӼս⡣
ã棬ҸܵǸӵĵҵҪ㵽ѧֱ¡꯴Ц׷ſԼѹƣϢ춯أѪ纣Хһ㣬𶯡
սһ˲һ˼ľ磬սһ𣬾Ͷ֮գضˡ
飬ܲסǵϡսǿ߶ͣȻ𾪵˼㡣
ﻹս棬ֱһ£лصܡ
ŷ꯽սŶսʩչͣԼĵСһѪգѪһʩչֻأŷ绹ʩչֶΣһֶϻ꣬¾죬ǿ꯶ɫѪ


1126 
ѪϿգѪúܶ𾪣ŷͨǴ۽硣˭벻һ˾Ȼܹӵôͨÿһֶ˵˼㡣
ŷҲܣȻܲ弸նϣƽɫĻѪ䣬̺ӴϢ
˶ܵ˴ˣأǵʵ˲޸˵ΪµĲƤˣǵˡ
ŷݻսһսˣ񷶼ˡ
ͨڻһ𣬼ҪԼʽ
ȻҲŷͼɫأָӿ񱩣Ҫڹŷ֮ͨǰܡ
ʩչأһռ䶼нƿУе¡¡Ҫŷ
ơ
ŷһȭһֿµİ壬ĵΪֻһȭȴƾ򷨡
䣡
µײŷ˳ϵ˿ȴ˲١
ɣͻȻһü۾Ȼһ˿϶пµĹ˸һɿµϢӣڹŷϣùŷе㲻
ҵŷȫͬʱʩչһԼϡ
ܹܵһĿ£꯵۴򿪣Ҫµײ
ˣ
Ȼͬһһ㣬Ȼˣ˶ȻҪ֪꯵۾δ򿪣ȻֿµƣҪĴ֮󣬻ǶôĿֲǲ
ʵϣɽʶۿֻһǾѾ޵вҸ߸ϵʥա
ֵŷˣһֲĸо֪ΪʲôŷһնûС
ۣȥֵһħ
ʲôۡŷʵ
һֿµͨ˵콵ˣۣдǻۣؽǿߣ޵Сħ˵
гֹŷ羪ȡ
ʱٸͣѾˣĻҶסȻֻϹŴǲȴǶнɻĿܣסûдɵۣпܵġħ˵
ŷҲ꯵۾ѾҪȫˣʲôûУֻһºڶ֮
۾ŷһָо۾Ϊɱ¾ġ
ۣԵʵ
ħٻµħѪ𶯲񷣬֮ŷ粢ûԴУֱʩչ˹
Զս߶ʹýһʵ˲Ȼһն
ձһӣڳ˶ܹǸУͣ˸ŵף޾Ļ磬Ϳ߼ʡ
ҲʱеĹâض·𲻸ˣֻ֮һµĹڡԵϢȻսɶ궼Ҫˣǵĩһ
ۣʵ
ħնĵ⣬ѹǳ죬۵Ĺâײһ˲侲ֹʱ䡢ռһеĶ·𲻴ˣֻоޡ
ŷãԼ˼ά·ͣһ˲䣬׵Ļ㡣
һ룬ֲıըʮ֮һȫʧ콫ͲѮħıսɾǿ߻ڣȫɢ
ȻЩսɾǿߣҲǻѣڿѪǵ궼ҪˣЩ˿־ĶŹŷˣֱڿħ
̫ˣһײǿ߷ɻﻹսɵսȻҲ˰ɡ
ŷԡѪУǲͣѪɫѪʣʥϢѵվꯣЩѵĿڣˡ
Ҳͬ״̬ҪȹŷһЩֻüһɫѪȻܵ˺
ŷĻ꯵˵ͷû˵ʲô˵Ļֻ˲֪˶ʲô˼
ֻ깫һˣ˼꯵ۣУܵһ˿Ϣ
һö֣ڴɳҾһս꯶Źŷ磬ûٳ֣ŲȻԣȻһ޵еǣƾˡ
ʧģһһսȻ㿪ȫʵҲҪս㡣ŷᶨ˵
á
꯴ЦԼµЩһߡ
ЩﻹͣԼϴܵˣǱɱһʣǻֱ
ϾħѮȻͬѪʵ̫ˣǲѮǵĴӪһٻԮǿ϶ᱻΧʱ˭ߡ
ЩȻǲ뿪ֻǿŷ񣬶еϧŷˣɱĺûᣬʱΪʥĵӣλ磬ֻȴ
һ뿪ԲѮǻûɱ˹ŷ磬ͱѮǸɵˡ


1127 ʦɱ
ͥȥڲѮǣŹŷ磬дһĨηѮ΢΢ԥһ£ȻŷлԮ֣Ѯлˡ
ŷͷû˵УѪ𶯣޸塣
һιŷ˵úأԴۿµ˼㣬жʵħŷذܣܱܿɱ
˶˵ûͻƵ磬ֹϹŴ񾳽磬ǹŷȴΪ꯵ڣܵһֿµĵ⣬ǾǳԽϹŴУһĳܿһٳɻʡ
ϹŴֱӳΪߣǹŷĲ²⣬ȴǳпܣŷ罫ԼķַУԺյʱѯʡ
Ͼǳ֮⣬Ψһһʶ۵Ĵڣʵͼʶ϶ϤһЩ
΢΢˼㽫עתƵԼϣѪգһ޴ĻӰڹŷ󣬽˫Ŀǻȴһֿµϣ̲סɪɪ
ȻѮħϹŴĸ֣̲סȥ
ѪڣɫĻ𶯰ǧ磬ڵأ񾪲һֿµľ
ܶǿԶԶ˹ǿһ¾˸վھ֮ϣŲãأ
깫˸ɫ֪Щʲô
ѪڣһѪɫ𣬳أûŷ塣˾Ѯħ¶𾪵ɫ
ֻڤʱŻ֣ȴһǿߵϣоš
ŷʶ˲ǸʲôܣʶֱںѪСһʵӰ֣Ѫ۳ûо˵Ϣȴһֱֲӵĸо
ʵӰһѪУŷ翴ȴܹܵԼûκζ⡣
ˡǵӰ˵
ǣŷɻ
ȻѾµ˵ݣȴҿ϶Ѫڤ棬ȻռҪ֣һͬһĴڣڵɽ翪֮ڣλ߱
㲻Ѿµ𣿡ǵӰڣһĨЦ⡣
ڤ棬֮ʲôϵ𣿡ŷʵЩȡ
ɱҵĴУ˵֮йϵ𣿡ڤЦ˵
ʲôȻѾµֿܣǹŷ绹һ𾪣ɱڻĴô꣬ȻڤĴС
ڤڵɽ磬δȥģܹ
ǸͷܹͨۻģҸմ̫ѰɡڤЦ
ŷȻڤ汲ּߣӵͨ֡
洫ΪʲôӦòֻǽԼĴдİɣŷ˵
ڤͷ̾һĿⶴ񷣬Ѿûʱˡ
ʲôŷ粻⡣
ɽ޷ɻʣһɻʣ⵽µϮɱֵ˶ǻ߾ǿߡڤ˵һϢùŷ𾪡
ԭɽ粻ܳɻʣһԭ
֮ǰĺܶ񶼳ΪߣҲǼһ̣߻ɱѪ𡣡ڤٴ³һϢ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ǰҲҪΪʲô磬ΪʲôȴǵϣԶֹ۷壬ǲС̤߾磬ͻᱻɱѾûʱˣΪ㹻㹻ʱɳɻʡ
ŷӲˣڤ澹ȻѹƳɻʵĲֲ˵ԼûʱˡʱɳɻʣҪѹԼ粻ͻƣûеôס
ʦûгǵ϶֪ΪʦɻʣǱ˻ɱģʱʦֵˣأᴩŽѪȾ񷣬Ѫˣ֮䶼ǵѪ⣬ȻûеסߵĽ٣ɱʦʦʩչʯٵֶΣʦͶʦҲѾˡڤ³һ˵Ϣ
ŷ𾪣ԼʦȻᵽ˶ʦʦ壬ǾͿ϶ָˣȻѾˣһڳɻʵ˲䱻ɱˡʦΪ˱סǵʩչʯ٣Ҳͬȥˡ
û뵽޵еգȻĻ档ΰӰѪսֻΪػԼʦ𣬵ջʧˡ
ߣŵ޵Уײã棬̧֮أǿսĶô࣬죬˵أȴȻס޵еĻʡۼ֤Լʦ䣬ֵΪסԼԶȥ
ֲ˽ôɱֳޣ̹ģ
һգұնɱʡŷ翪ڣµɱ⸴գγһµѪ⣬ᴩϵ¡


1128 ڤڷ
ڤû˵֪ߵĿ¡ɽͻƣǲǾԵģдǻѰҵͻƵķǶڼһ˲䣬Էɱ
δɻʺͻ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣȻ졣
޵Уֶξ춯ء
潫ڻĴأǲҲͳɻйϵŷʵ
ûǵĴģڽյֻأ뵽յİԷ֮Ǹ磬ٴεߣѡһ·ڤ˵
ԻϢΪȻǿлеϣǸ磿ŷ̽ԵʵѾ϶ԼĲ²⣬յֶһġ
ܴǸҲͬ뷨Ϊӣӿ϶ΪһͽܵġڤЦŵͷ
ŷЦЩһȥǵӣָоǺе˲ˬء
ұҲڵȴԵȴû뵽㾹ȻɱȻȴҵĴС˵ڤе˷ܡ
棬ҲҪΪͽɣŷʵЩѵǱ͵רͽܵġ
ڤЦҡҡͷ¶һòʮͷ˵ڤһϹ˵ڤһ˹˹ģһвԶûС
ȻŷȻ룬һ̬Ϲʵ죬±֮ħ棬Ҳ˿
ҲΪͽǸӶѾע⵽ߵĶˣֻǴɱΪг֮һ֣ͬһɱȥڤ浭˵
һ뷨Ҫϡ
л档һŷȻ᲻֪ȤƴǣһĻԵ
ڤʧŷ˱Ѫûʶع鱾壬ȻƣֱѪϷһѪûŷ壬ɱ֮ǿңҪһ
ʱŷϣҲûһ˿͵Ϣɱ⶯أ˺Ѳã档
ѮǺȻ֪ŷ緢ʲô飬ֻ깫ɫã뵽ʲôɫ¶һĨ޺֮ɫ
Ѫ⽫ŷûﴫﵽɱأʵʰɱͬһ˷ӹȥ
ɱһֿµľı֣ڹŷܣǿ߸֣ȫɱˡ
Щ˴ӷˣֱЩ˶ɴ۾ɫȻǷֱ֣ڹŷϵǿߣʵ̫ˣЩһһ֣ɸͬǶʾ˹ŷһ·Ѫȣȫǲű˵ʬһ·ǰУ˽Ϊ
ֲɱôɣɱ¾ô飬еɱɱѾۻһĵزɱǷǳ׵顣
Ⲣŷ粢ȫɱϽƵһŷ⣬Ѫںһȫһ
ϵϢԽԽǿһֿµĴպգɢܡ
˺Ȼܹоŷʵô̵ʱ䣬õһµ
֮ȻƳ֣׹˸
ǿԽһʱ٣ǶΪ˵һֿ顣
ѪĳԱȫ뿪¶һĨ־塣ѪΪϢյĽףΪηġ
ΪѪ飬ͬյϢ
ټѪ֮ϣֻйŷһɫƽδԼͷϵ׹⡣
ϧһ콾ˡѮڣܵٵĿ£Ȼаնȹȥ
깫Цһ˵˵ʲô¹׵磿
ʲô˼Ѯħе㷢ɡ
ղη׵磬ĵӣͨȻҲ£٣ôκιŷǿߡ깫мһ㶼ĹŷİΣ
ѮħһȻ֪ղη׵磬ϵƣʵ̫ˣܹߡ
ȸ֪֮־Զⲻġ깫˵һ䣬㲻ٿˡ
Ѯħ΢΢Щŭ⣬뵽깫ݣҪе㲻ң˵깫Ǻ͹ŷһģɱ깫Ҫܵ壬ûаܹŹȥ
Ͼ˶ǶԳв֮壬Щ䡣
Ͻīĵߣһͷͷ˻£֮䣬һɻԵϢҪɱŷһ
˸ȫŷգ׹ûѮħëһʹǧһԼͷϵĸоѪڡ
ʵϲѮħ깫ǶͬĸоΪսɣѪȻǳܲסѹ


1129 Ѫ
ٴκǧź˲ãɫȻ໥ӣԷеһĨ𾪣վһߣܲסϣŷ絽׳˶ôµĴ
ʵϣһӰ׺վ׹˹ŷ壬Ϣͣ˸Ϊһ塣ϣȡ֮һɫ쳤ХƱ飬ѪˣһѪɫϢû塣
ŷһ𣬲飬һµơ
ɫѪ˺꣬ǿ˼㣬֮䣬ͺɽǬתŷͻƵ߶ףͬʱڻԼѧķ͵ִ̧һᴩڤ龪
֮ϣһĹ֮ϣһһ۵ھ̨֮ϵϣɫ΢΢ȣתԽʱͿռĽޣŷӳ۵ס
ѪˣѵǺӵͽܡ꿪ڣ΢΢˼Ȼ󺰵߸
ڡһʮĺվ˳ױһϢȴ쳣ˡ
ɫ£һСˣɫĿϣԡ
ȥѪȹŷ֣Ҫһ˵
ǡ
߸һ⣬뿪
žû˵Щɼҷߣɫ̨ϵǸˣ˾
ɽɣ硣΢΢˼˵շ𡣡
󸹱շ˳Цݣ̨ϵǵӰɫ羴
շȥһѪΪսʤӡڡ
ҷּշת뿪
΢˫Ŀ΢΢Щһص𣿡
ŷ粻֪ͷλΪȫƽȻ깫ѣ߰ɡ
á
깫Ҳʣֻ˵һ֡
ûѪУѮҪʱ΢΢һȻ¶ɫûпڡ
Ѫޱ޼ʣ֮깫ͻȻóĬ˻ϢЩȡ
ŷ깫ѪȥѪˮ̺ſµħԣ֮һ磬˿ֲѪɣڤӲ˵ѪڤӵΪ¾һĻϮֿܹһɡ
Ǳһֲȣһߵһȣᱻѹŷ΢΢üĬ깫ʵѣжԶ
ŷһ£ǱһµȣȻˣ̽ȴȻ̽ס
Ѫǧ깫˵ȻĬ
ŷһܹܣ¾סѹ
Ͼˮַˮ̺ǿˮѹͨˮǿ򱶡ȻĻŷҲܵѹ
ˮȻٶ࣬ҲܶѹȱѹȣϹŷԳѹ
Ȼֻ֮ۡ󣬿¾һˮᷢı仯
ǼǱڵײˡ
ײһѪɫľʯ̺ſµѪŷ羪ȣֶ˵Ǵ֮ǿܹľ̵ʱ
֤ûƿֻҪ㹻Բͣͻơ
뵽ŷһѪɫʯǱЫһͻȻ
ŷѪ𶯣³һѪɫϢ
һ죬ԶѪֱʧˡŷɫȻ£һǺ
ôˣŷŪôĶʱ깫ˣɻŹŷ磬֪ʲô顣
Ҳֻ֪һŷָָ·Ѫɫʯ
깫ɫŹ֣㾹Ȼʶ
ʲôŷɫȣѵԼҪʶ
ѪɫʯΪ̹ѪѪ̺̹ŴıϢһڣһǻһΪͣܽ͸ȼ깫͡
Ȼô£뵽Լղ飬깫˵һŷͷçײˣǸطȥɡ
깫ͷŹŷ磬ǰƽʮ⣬һʯǧɴСдѪĸ֡
ŷ羪ȣʯϣܵڤϢ
Ȼŷ翴һȻڤ¡
ĽܣѪأ֮½룬ɣǿ߽룬ǧ꣬λ롣
ŷ絹һȻ֪벻ʲôõطǿ߽룬Ҫǧ꣬Ҳʵ̫˰ɣ֮£ɣĿͶ깫ѯ


1130 ֮
ڤ治ǻˣѪأ֮˵ľһء
ŷ粻֪жΣգҪ깫
ģԲ̫⣬Щǿס䣬ԲŻᱻھеɱѪʥޱȣ֮ܽԸõģսԺɨ깫ɫȻޱȣŷ籣֤
ŷͷ㡣
깫һĨɫ˵ͷȴû˵
ŷǵŻ˹ȥԥһ̤˽ȥ깫ڹŷ롣
Ż֮󣬹ŷ绹ûпǰоһ紫üͷһ壬һָ˸˳ȥ
һѪɫĳ汻ɣѳΡ
Ѫɫ䶯һȻͷܡ
Ѫ棬Ѫ顣깫˵
飬ŷһܵѪʵ൱һߣʵ̫ˡ
ѪȻǿߣΪƣûǿߣѲõġ깫˵ùŷġ
˵ͷŷЩ˵ЩϢأ
ŷĻ깫Цһˡ
ڴʱһɹϢڹŷϣһ䡣ŷһ𶯣Ѫ΢΢⣬Ϣ𿪡
ŷ۾ܵϢƾճһ㣬޴ڣûκԴͷĻѪʥϢĿǣͬ깫˵һŷͲõġ
ȥŷ۾ǰ磬ѪɫããһƬֻ֮һɫһЩ飬ǹϢ֮⣬ûκζڡ
ߡ깫˵
ǰ·һǧԽĿռ䡣ŷϣǲУسɴ磬һȥ
ˡ
һ𣬲Զһͷ˻죬ŷ
ŷ羪ȣ⾹ȻһϹŴĿ´ڣкһȥ߲ɱУͷݱ㱻ŷɱ
깫Ȼ߶֮󡣹ŷʵٴλ֮ǰǿ̫ˡ
ߡ
ŷͻȻ˵һ깫˲Ϣǧ뿪
һȺݳ𣬺͸ղŹŷնɱͷһģһһݣĶսɡݿ£ͷնκ鶼Ҫ
깫һ¶ͷϵ亹оԼֽŶЩЩŵ˵Ѫⶫǰֻмͷû뵽ھȻչôģˣҺõѷֵļʱ
Ѫ񣿺𣿡ŷʵ
깫ͷ˵Ŀ³̶ȣȫڽһ壬ֻΪƣ޷ɾ
ԭŷͷȴýʲôģʶĽʵС
ŷɫ깫Ȼ֪ŷЩʲôЦãȻһѪ֮죬Ǻ͹ŷȣҲ̫Զˡ
Ǽ߰ɡŷ˵
ǰУһ·̫ǿߣͬ깫˵ûǿߣΪµĲϹŴЩڣǹŷĶ֣ɱֻһЩµȺûŻùŷ˱ܡ
ŷеֲ̾ڤ潫Ϊԣ˵ϢЩµ飬ͲһϹŴܹԸģһ˶Ҫͷۡ
ǼϢ¾һע⣬һ·ϣǿǿߵʬǣȻȥ޾£ȻɢſµϣȻ쳣ֲǿߡ
ԣһ¡ŷɫأԶһӴϢڲͣѾԽϹŴľ磬ڼѵ
ǣ깫ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻŭͷϻҪɱˣҪϽȥ
ʲô˼ŷ粻⡣
һǿߣȻûгΪǱһϹŴ춼ҪǿڳȥŰ
ҪĶǸһҪڵɱ䣬ҪǸˣǸͻᱻԵʱҾҲûһϣˡ깫ɫֱҪˡ
ŷĿ깫һۣЦȻҾͰᵽ˵仰ŷתϢǸ˹ȥ
⾹Ȼһ飬ޱȣѪƣ˫֮⣬죬޾δ֪
ǰһѪɫƯɢŰϢùŷ羪ȵǣϢѪɫصϢȻ෴һ㶼а͹죬һʥУһ崺ĸо
ǸǸо˹ŷĵתŷ翴˹ȥȵ˭


1131 ڤħ
µĿⶴڹŷϣȻԹŷʵҲ̲סһ¡ģʱɫʱ
飬Ȼڤ泤һģһһϵϢа񣬸һҪĸо
ŷ֣֣һְֻ˳ȥƬĿռ𣬿µĥһС
䡣
ŷ֣ͬƵײһ
ѾȷţԲڤ棬Ǹǿߣ֮䣬ɱһС
飬ʵȻϹŴ죬ﵽһ磬Ǿ磬һĲࡣ
ڤ棬Ϊʲôڤ泤ƣ϶ʲôԭġ
ɱ
ŷ֣Ǹ鼤ս죬вɱ
ŷ¶ԾɫΪﵽ߶ף֮ǰǿ˲֪٣飬ȴռϷ磬ʵ൱˭Ҳ޷ѹƶԷ
㵽˭ͷŭȵû뵽ԼͻƵĹؼʱ̣Ȼһǿߣսǿ󣬶ҲϢ
˭Ϊʲôڤƣŷûлشʡ
ŷΪԷشԼϣǸ鷢һŭ𣬵ұڤӡ
ŷɴ۾Ȼҡͷ˵ܣǰһ棬
𣿡ǸЦϢתùŷ𾪣ȫɱϢҺڤһģһ
ܡŷ羪
ܵˣг˲⣬ڤ洫ԼôܲʶԼǰˣŲϹŴ쾳磬Ȼѳȥһֻ磬Ҫ׳Ϊȴ򵥡
ȷʵڤ棬ֻڤһ֣ڤĵ׵ħһ깫֡
㡣ڤħ¶һĨȵɫûзЩĶ깫˵ԭϲģҲһ㽫һ˳ȥû뵽㾹Ȼһ
ҸУ㲻졣깫ɫԹޡ
磬ǿΪ𣬱Ϊɽħʼ棬ȻĴ֮󣬲֣ǽҪõ컯ɺͱһĿ´ڣܿϧҪҵʱ򣬱ҳûߣ컯ڤħЦ˵⡣
ŲԶƯѪɫһۣڤħ˵ֻҪŻԪѪ飬ҾͿԳ뱾ڣΪĸ壬ʱȻǱ壬ҲңҪưɽ硣
׳ա
ŷƲƲ죬ưɽ磬һûɡȻڤ涼˵Ļ
ɽôʱ䣬ǿƣĶǿߣɲ⣬ɴȡ
д۰һ¡
ĸǿߣ£޿ɿ֣һ˳ܹﵽ߾磬ҪưԵɽ磬ǾԲܵ顣
ϰ֪ҵ׷󣬵ȵպͳһ˵ɽ磬ʱЩʲôƨߣҲŹȫնɱڤħЦƿ
ŷףħ˲һѾԴĵز߶ɱΪԼ޵
ûлˡŷ˵
Ҫɱңڤħ˵
ףΪҪѪ֮ϴңΪնɱ㣬ħŷ˵
ʲôõڤĴ깫һ̲סʵ
ŷ翴깫һۣȻ˵ͷ깫ûٿڣ۹˸֪Щʲô
ŷʱȴɱȥڤħսһ
䡣
ײѪɫϢƵޱȣÿһϢնǳѹһС硣
ŷ絯ָֻظ֣ɱ죬ޱȡת𶯳µΰɱһС
ڤħͣݺɱҪȥ
ѪҫۣµϢƵڤħ֮Ѫɫڣֻأ˳ȥ
Ѫɱ죬ɱڤħŭͷڷ趯ȫѪɫһѪն䣬ʧɫ
ŷ糤ХݻսԷĹ
һֻӡһս֣һȭ¡ҫۣɽӣڤħɳȥ
ħȾѪܵشɫޱȣŹŷ磬ɱ߱񣬾𡣡
һֶϻ꣬ѡŷͬʱȣʩչһֶϻ꣬Գ棬ħ˺ѣɫ֡
ͨʵ̫ˣ޷죬Ȼ죬ҲѵֿסǿΪӲȥ
ȴ£дأҪʮ֮ˡ


1132 ͵Ϯ
ʥͨܡ¶ֵɫ
ͨŷ羪ȣֹͣ˳֣ŶԷ
ܣԲʥͨʥѾõʧô֣ͨҲšħ뵽ʲôµһɫоȻһ˿֡
ŷüʶз⣬ôͨ͵ħġħʱ򣬹ŷ϶飬Ǵʱħʧأø˹ŷᡣ
һģĳ֣һŵӰ뼸µǿ߶ţֻһȣЩǿȫ飬
Ѫޱȣ֮䶼·Ҫˡ
һֶϻꡣŷ羪ȡ
ղűɱǿߣȻǻߣǵŵӰֻһȣɱ˼ߣһֶϻ꾹Ȼµһزŷû
ҲʱħӦŷĿӣ̽ŷˡҪ֣شŷʶʱ򣬹ŷҲӦֱӳ֡
¾ԶսݻޱȣֱҪһ㡣
ħԡѪ˳ȥԹĶŹŷ磬ȻһѪ⣬ŷ綴ħĴԴʹŷ綼û뵽Ȼ˷ʹֶΣֱҪʯ١
ŷ˫ӡȳһµɱȻԶս߶̫ͼ
䡣
ֻ۶ϣһѪɳȥȻŷ̫ͼжħĴ󲿷ֵĹǶԷȼ˴Դֹʵ̫ǿˣ̫ͼܹܵļޣԻвٵײŷϡ
Ҫɱ㡣ǵѪиһԹ۾ɱ¾ͻԵϢ
Դ𶯣һѪⴹ£һɱննˣŷֹȥ

ŷȣ޸˫֣ȻӡͨգҪסһƬѪ⡣
һ̣Ѫⱬ֮ǰҪ貣ŷ˹ɣŷϳһѪۣһ㱻
ħԵϢݺᣬùŷ緢һʹ
ҳȥŷڻѪ𶯣еϢƳ⡣ʱѪٴζ貣Ȼȼյ˼㡣
ŷɫ䣬üķ⣬罣նâ졣
罣ħĴԴײһ𣬷춯صı졣ħĴԴˣŭӵȻû뵽ԼʩչĹˣŷ羹Ȼܹס
ɱ
罣ɳħĴԴ䡣ħԴҽУȻ罣ֱն顣
ҲʡħһѪⶴ
ŷߣĻԻͶѣ
֣ޱȣѪڣ֣һӰ̣ߡ
ŷ֣ӰҲĶһִֻħԴײһ
ۡ
ħ飬ŷҲԺˣϳһѪɫĻѪ˳ʥϢ
ڻɱˡŷһȻ÷ǳ࣬վսʤˣħֻˣָܻܿ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴоһɱޱȣľ
ŷ绹ûüת㱻ɳȥӶˣŷɫĮޱȣųֵˣʵΪʲô
ղվĵط깫ЦŹŷ硣
ŷ⣬깫Цܼ򵥣ΪҪ׽⣬ҪһʥѪΪ壬ѡе塣
ôаܹɱҡŷ˵
ڱĵطҲУѪأҾǾԵ񡣳㶼ҵĶ֡깫Цɫ֮ǰȫһ
㲻Լ˵е̫𣿡ŷɫĮһѪҪָԼơ
ͻȻŷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ŀеˣ깫˵ö
ŷ˿УһɫѪ쳣ˡ
ֶأԹŷ壬Ȼֿסֱ̫ˡ
׼Ķҩ綾ݣҲߣ˻綾ݣҪƿ깫Цɫг˵⡣
ŷдһĨζ깫ЩϷʵ˵㲻õģҲ᳹׶ģϾҳ׽ĹؼԪҲɱƳ콾ԪһܹƳΪµ
깫ɫг˵⣬ʮ㣬ΪԼԶ˹ŷ硣
綾ݣѪɫأֱʱ˺ͣȻŷֵĺܾޣ깫󣬵깫ȴùŷ绹̡
춼ղҡŷЦɫƽǸûʶԼΣյľصһ


1133 նɱ깫
깫ͻȻһֲĸоŷɫʵ̫ƽˣһˡ
˸һ£ŷƽһֻŷüĵ˹ȥҪɱ

ŷȣϱһȻϢֱӽ깫ɳȥ
ôܣ깫Ĳš
ʱĹŷ磬貣죬һֽɫ̫ޱȣһϢǿʢ˼㣬һ㶼һжˡ
˸һ飬ҵϱһӦ˵ҽɣұһҽɣֻһ綾ѣ㻹Ϊܹκңŷ¶һĨɫ
ҽɣ깫ɫѿڵɽҽɣȻ࣬ÿһ˶ǳҲǵΪǺǿ󣬵ȴûʲôܹ˺ǡֻҪ̱ҽɶܹλԼ塣
֪ŷ绹һҽɣ깫˴⡣
ֻʵŷսһʶһ㣬깫ɫƽЦ˵ҽΣҾǾԵһжҵƿУʹս죬ҲҪ
깫ĻһѪ֣ͬʱ깫Ҳ˾޴ı仯һòõĵʿʱʱ깫ȴһͷĹһ˫Ҳ˷צӣ쳤ХһѪɫϢ𶯣۹ȫܵ깫Ĳٿء
޵еġ깫
ɱŷ˵һһ߹ѲΣޱȣŷ˫ӡ·
ֻظ֣ɱ⾪졣
ɱ
깫ŭȣצݺݵĶ˹ѪƣϢŷ롣
ȻϢ˺ŷ磬ǱڵĻҲһ鷳
ŷлѪ𶯣ֱӱЩϢ
ֻ깫צײһͬʱˣŷϳһѪۣǱ깫צץ˵ġ
깫ҲܣȾѪһ㱻飬ܵ˲˺ֻصϢڣ깫쳣ܣһѪƣ˺ܴĹ򣬲ŽЩɱ˳ȥ
ǲսʤģҪɱ㡣깫Į˵
ŷЦ仰Լ𣿡
깫ŷ߳˹
ŷ糤Хһױݻս깫սһǿء
깫ɫ·硣ȫֵĹŷ磬Ƕ֣ǽһ
ǱˣȻӵйŷ̶ֳȵսҲ깫Ķ֣ǹŷȴһ̺ŻѪԸЩµ֮˺ٵ͵㡣
Թŷսѹһ깫¡
ϰٸغ֮깫飬Ԫ񷢳ŭͬڤħһͬԴ
һжãŷսԶսӦȻҲܵ˺ǳѹ깫
ٸغϣŷһźݺ̤깫ĴԴ飬һЦǧ꣬û뵽Ȼ䵽һزҺް
˼ȻܳɹŷĮ˵ȻӢΰһУͬŻʽ
Թܿܣʲôаʤǳŷ㲻Ҫ⣬һʼݶ䣬ҲҪ깫ޱȣĻһ䣬һϢڹŷϡ
һһѪ˳
깫ϢʧŷҲ˴鷳СھУ徹Ȼڷϻ˥һ㡣
쵰˻һѡŷŭ
Ǿͨĸ֣ʱ򷢳䣬ΪµģʹŷлѪûеסΣС
࣬ʲôŷȡ
Ѫʣ䡣ŷѪͽⲻͣ˸һ˸Уһʱָֻ֮ģ
鲢ûйŷеôף쳣£ʹҽɣΪҲǾˣҲһʱ֮䡣
Ѫ֮ϣ߸һշţСǱɫͺ¿ŷǴҪĿˣ㲻Ҫˣ뿪
ӷ𣬴ԲӣҷҲʩСɮôȥǴ뿪ȵʩȥҷ֮ȥͥշЦе˵һ㶼Ϊ߸ĳƺôģֻԼ֪ˡ
˵ûٲߵĻɱ⡣߸˵ȻһСëȴһɿµϣǿߵϡ


1134 
꯺ųͥһ񽫣վûͻƵ磬˵߸޳̶ȣ˿ꯣǧǰ磬һ޵еˡ
һսںܶʵӦ߸
շΪδҲǿߣ˵Ϊࡣ
߸˺ǳ⣬շеҲסϵЦʧˣϾҶ֮Ĵܣ˭ֱ˭ղֻΪ߸ͻշŻֵô
񲻾Լе𣿡շ˵
ݣ֮£ֻǺǳһ䣬ܲˣˣ涼αӡ߸Էźгɼ
շǳ⣬߸ܣ߸ԷŲշܵġ
֮ˣԼĵͳޱϵģʹҽĴԿգȴ̰գҲͬ޷ס
߸ɫмȻǬǹָշ˵ССһУҲҺǳңѵΪ񲻸ɱ㡣
о˸пɱշɫţ߸ƢΪ𱬵սӶں
߸ȻҪһսշԥһµǿ߼սʵ߸ƴռκαˡ
ث֣ʮϢʱ䣬߸˵ޱȣȻֻܣȴһֱϣ˲ӡ
շɫ˸ŭɫȻҪͽ̣ǾͳְɣСɮȻţҲ˭ġ
ĳշŭˡ
ɫ¶һĨм߸ûзϻһǬǹֱӶ˹ȥһǹֱƿʱͿռĽޣ˲շǰ
Ȼշ׼ǻһϾҲǿߣշκˣһม֣ǰ

һ޴ȥ౻ɳȥշһǧɡһν֣˾Ե·磬߸Ķ֡
ϲġ߸Ц
ٴιǹһɱããɱգһ㽫շˡ
ӸҶշŭ˳ȥ߸ѹ¡
߸ɫһȻϱУҪ֪գ֮³Թ
㵽һߣǬǹͣĳײ࣬޴졣
շɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѿ쵽߸ͼҪ࣬ıȻϱ顣
ա
շͳһ߸ֹȥ
ҹȥ߸ЦиǬȦֱ˳ȥ
飡
һ޴춯ײһѪϷ飬紹䣬Ҫһ㡣
ִ˻ȥշʱȴһֱӳļƣȻҪ߸нս
ĺá
߸ЦջطǬǹɱ˹ȥ
շֺģȻ˿·硣֮ϴսǿϢѪ
á߸Цָշ΢΢ЩǱ
վԲշΪһȻҲеһٮٮߣվ߸սȫǴɱ߹ģһһ̤Ѫߵڵһսսȫʧ߸սⰺ˵Ĺӿֲˡ
ۣ
գշ𲻵߸屻Ǳѣٴ˳ȥִҲٻ
ұȷԴҩ˰ɣ߸ЦֳͷۣǬȦǬǹ籡֡նשȫԻȻһշ˹ȥ
ʱշһĳ嶯һ仰û˵ֱ𷨱תӡ˼գշղУһƬջ飬һƬ磬շһѪӶˣǱ
߸Цƶ졣
ϣǺЦͻȻ˵֣
ɼ֪ʲô˼ʲôֻһЩΪϸߵĴڣԼ쵽˷ʲô飬ɫжһĨ𺳡
߸̵ӣھȻѾɳزշʵǳˡ
Ҫ֪ڷУշǿĴ֮һҲǿߵĴڣ߸˵߸Ѿʶ˵ɽǿߵС
뵽˽ĿͶһӰг˿ϧ
һսΪǿ񽫶ȴȻˣΪվǿߡ
ɫƽûиܵЩ۹⡣Ŀ꯵ϣ۾һ˿ͣȴûбκ˷֡


1135 ߸ս
Ѫ֮ϣ߸ǿޱȡշӵ֮⣬գ¶һĨ⡣
Ҫ𡣡˵仰շתеһת뿪
֮Уׯϣʱȴ΢ɲ̾Ϣһ
һЩҲϤ˸ղŷ顣շΪҴܣû뵽Ȼܸ߸Ϣʵ̫ˡ
ͥӿѵֽһ̾Ϣ
ɽ粢һ֮ͥ䲻ͣսĻһ١ǺܶɲԸ⿴ģ֮УȻǣ޷֤Լܹȥ
ڹŷ磬֪ЩѪУЩ䣬һµʱ䣬ŷǽ
Ѫ֮ϣʱҲۼ˺ܶǿߣŷ֣ЩɻսɣȫҪᣬɱŷ硣
߸һߣɫƽûЩˡ
ЩսɺʹҲ߸һɱһŭǶҪ̫߸Ըңɽ綼֪
գ⼸Ѿɽ磬˶֪߸Ѿٵɽ綥ǿߵС
ͥһսѾ߸ˡ
䣡
֮УŷѪڽһվɫ΢΢ЩףΪ䣬ķ˹ŷ̫ıԴ
ſһΧԪŷУֱǻԼ
ˬ
ŷЦһϢ۷״̬
ָ֮󣬹ŷ罫ĿǸѪ飬һֱƯɢʥϢ
аĵطȻһʥ֮
ŷһУѪ鱻һɰѪһ㱬ùŷ΢΢ɫ
嫵˼㣬ղŲһ㱬ŷһ
˫ӡʩչͨѪӡ׼뿪ŷʱոͻƣҪȶһ¾硣
ŷȡÿһ磬ԼҪߵޣȫһ磬Ȼͻơܹ־ߵսɨͬס
ŷ뿪أЩѪص飬ǹŷĶ֣ҲסԹŷɵı˳ȥ
ѪϷȥֻһ֣ŷһѪϷǿƣǧ֮࣬Ͷսɾ磬ŵһ¡
ʹǹŷ磬ôǿߵΧҲǱĽ֡
תܣôǿߣȻӲƴ
Ҳʱһŷ磬粽С
ŷһĿһһСӰۣȴһֿµϡˣŷ뿪
ǧսɺʹɣһǿ߸ŷȥȴһ仰˵Ȼɱ˹ŷ磬뵽Ҫ߸ҲǲҶֵġ
ЩսУ߸ĵλҲ΢һ㣬ҲȥԴǶǲҵ߸ġ
ǹŷ硣߸ڡ
Źŷ磬һ˫дһ˿ĮȻ
Ȼ̫عŷ磬ʵܱ߸ϵʵ̫ˡһǴʱĹŷ磬ûʸ
ŷ翪ڣûҪΡ
ߡ߸˵һ˿ɵζ
ŷشҲǳʹ죬Ц˵ûʱ䡣
߸һ㶣¶һĨɫû뵽ŷ羹ȻܾԼҪĿµڹŷϴһ߸˵е˼ҪߣǷ˵ġ
гţ߸һսܹӵùԼġ
𣿡ŷЦȻ֪߸ݣܲϲԷ̬ȣֳǳˬ
ŷͻȻһӴת߸Լϣһ⣬Զȥ
߸ɫ䣬Ц˵߲ˣ߲ˡһֱֻ̽գס˹ŷȥ·
䡣
ŷ߸Ĵײһǿŷ絹˻
˿ûֱͣӼ罣߸ն˹ȥ
ЩսɺʹŴͣĶŹŷ磬Һ߸֣ĺȻŷǲ֪Լǰòƺͯļһݵģ֪ĻҲᶯˡ
ʦ߸ܹԸġ
ȥ
߸˵ᵯָ罣˻ȥһ顣
ŷɫأ֪Լµĵˣ٣սǿʢˡ
ֻءŷֻ֣ؾأɱⶴ߸УҪһ
߸ȣһſһ⣬סЩɱ⡣
Ҿˡŷ磬һ˵


1136 Ѫս
ŷɫ¶һĨȻɫ߸ʵ㵽Ǻˣ
߸
ŷһǰ˭ˣȻǴ˵е̫ӣҲһ˶ٵĴڡ
ŷ֪Ȼμ˵鷢ƳʵȴǵɽĴƣմ칬Ѿʮˡ
ʱǵΪϹŴ񾳽磬ʮʱ䣬ǵʣ²ô򵥣УҲ޵еĴڡ
Ը𣿡߸ƽŹŷ硣
ս
ŷûзϻֱ˵һ֣ս죬Э
۲䣬ǹż˵ԡȻǿˣҲͷ
ɱ
ŷ翪ڣԶս߶ֻأѹ߸
ʶô߸ߣһȣⱬֱӱֻء
ŷħһն
һѪᴩأ˵ĵâ£ЩսһʧɫԳģִʱ򣬿϶סȻ䡣
׺ıϧȫʢʱڡ߸ָ̾ᵯһ𣬻һɫ趯죬âӭ˹ȥ
꣡
ը飬ѪһƬХŷ絹ˣѪѪڣ̲סһ֮£ȫ߸Ķ֡
¾񡣡
ŷȣ޵Уޱȣɱȥľ
߸¶һĨȻɫľ磬ȻܹǻҾ޵еĻߣȻֿµ⾳
һһ⣬
䡣
߸ˣɫȣⶼһ㱻ˡղȻûȫҲǿˣӦһսܹ˵ĲŶԡ
һ޹ŷ֣һϵϢӿ¡
졣
µϢƵŷһӰԻĶһֻ£ޱȣ뱾һͬʱ߸˹ȥ
߸һ¶صɫһУѾԻˡȻǰ߸ʹøղŵķ
һǬǹȥӰײһ
䣡
ŷ絹ɳȥɫѪɽɫ䡣üķ⣬罣նִ󣬽񷶼롣

һ죬߸Ծֻ壬ס罣ķɳȥ
ûбˣͺ߰ɡ߸ȸղҪƽͶˣڹŷϣյӰӣ˶һޣͬĲ䣬սⰺ
˭ҲǿҡŷЦУ𶯣ָ
߸һУֹȻŷȫʢʱڣҲӳġ
ɱѪ졣ŷͻȻѪƣѪ֮УһѪɫϢûС
Ϣһ˲һµĵز߸š
Ĵˡ߸ȡ
ܹѪܹʩչɱȻڤĴˡֻ߸Щǣŷ粻յĵôڤ泶˹ϵ
治ɱȴûΪͽŷ˵
߸ʱڤ˼ǲҪչŷΪͽǲաϾڤȻϱǿߣʵԲգҲƽ׵һǿߡհ޽ɣ˭Ҳ˵ʲô顣
ҾͿɱˣܷ񵲵סеǬǹ߸ڣսҡ
ʱĹŷ磬ʸ߸һս
Ѫ֮Ϲŷʵֱ硣ȻҲֻѪУŷܹӵһѪΧŷ޷Ѫˡ
һս
ŷ翪ڣңħ罣߸
߸Ųȷ֣ɱȥ֣ϢƺƵֹŷ磬Ҫһ
ŷۣħݺ䡣

Ǭǹħײһ𣬱µɱһЩսɾԽһɱϣɫ䣬Ѫ˲࣬Ԫնˡ
ʲôսɾ㤣룬վԭˡ
˽ֵµ˼㣬һɱܹɱǣľ˵дһĨ֡
ŷ߸һײͬʱˣĿ棬ڶԷϣɱȻ
ɱ
ŷֳֳֵֽɱ˹ȥ
ǽɱ֮أúܶ𾪡
ֿµʵ̫ټˣǴߵսʽǸͱȲǱµǿ߽Ȼս£ᱻһʱɱ
ۡ
ŷرǬǹ߸һȣŷİ顣ǹŷҲֵ֣ͬħֱն߸һ첲Ѫ䣬ܵˡ
ɫѪͺɫѪʣ˿µɱȻϹŴǿߴһʱ䱻ǵɱĥ


1137 ൱
˼սѪˡ
ŷһŻʸգ߸սѪںһһ̤Ʋãơ
ǿĲǼҵĲɱ似ٴζԾͨ
ͨԾͬʱɳȥŷȾѪȴսȻƽɫѪ𣬻һµĻӰɱ
߸Х⣬ջǱѹ䣬˱ѹѪСѪˡ߸ӿޱȣڹŷϣ⡣
ҷŭˡ߸˵
ʩչͷۣ˸߸֣Ȼŷȫ˹ȥ
ŷһ֪߸ǷŭˣԷİ˸Ȼǿнս磬Ҫ߸ȴûеô򵥡
ŷ粻ҵٶܣ˼ȴ׷ᣬЩۡ

ŷתǬȦӲһȻٶ㿪ΪնѾն˹

ٴγ֣նɡ
ʣȫ˹ŷɫҵſ̫ԲͼԼǰ
ۡ
ŷѪѣȫϣȻڽʵ磬Ҳܲס
߸ʵȻУߡ
ơ
ŷԶս߶Ѫڣ졣
ѪܣڹŷĴ߶£µ˼㡣ֱӽ߸ɳȥѪ
սȻǶһۣŷʵǵ󣬾Ȼܹ߸ȻѪʵȫܹȵġ
ףѪ֮ϣԼԲǹŷ֣ȻѪ²һȺһϣҲԲɱ˹ŷ硣
Ѫ֮ϣ˶ţŷϴɫѪһħͷħžâ罣ǰ졣
߸ͷۣ˸ƣɫĮս죬ƾ춯ء
ս񶼲˵ֻǶˣһŵӡ
ҡŷ˵쳣ţֻҪѪķΧڣԼɱܹѪ߸ҪԼͲܣս¹˭ֻδ֪

߸ͷѪ֮ϣֻҪŷ粻ߣʹ߹ŷ磬ʵ࣬ȻŷҪ΢ϲ٣ǱϾѪԼΪһ߸Ȼܹѹȴܳ׻ܹŷ硣
ȻңǾ뿪ˡŷ˵
߸ûʲôøУʵ̫ˣһ˷С
ܣҲ߸Ц
˭ĵˣʦ˭گŷЦ¶һĨȻɫ
߸΢΢һ㶣ʶŷ粻ԼЩյĵӣʦ첻µز£ӹҲȥ
ڱҲһ޷ΥĴڣǶһ˵ȴȫǻ¡
뵽߸΢ɲһüͷʶԼ񣬾Ȼ˵ļ֡һãͻգǺͺˡ
βſϸߣ߸ʵѵõķŻ
ΣҶߵġŷ˵˵ĺܼȻ߸û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵
ɫ䣬Щŭ˵ҪƲԳԷơ
ڣ߸ûһˣ˵Ĳʶ̧٣գگ֮󣬶ûΥȻǰ
ŷȻյĵӣ߸ȴùŷոӵǱ
Ǿսɡŷ絭˵
һ㣬ѪгΧߣ쳣¡
߸üٴȥˣϾѪͥжʵڵĵطʵһУĺսᾪѪеڤ棬߸ʵȻǿ󣬵ȴûܹڤһս
뵽߸ԥȻԸ𱬣ǱϾɵӣ֪Щ飬ǲ̫ġ
ôˣ̫ѵԸŷ߸ʵ
߸üȻˣû飬Ȼûзɡ
̫ӣܳʱˣû뵽㾹Ȼءһһ쳣ֵ˳֡
ʦ塣
ŷ羪ȣ˲ǱˣȻ˽䡣
Цеģһס߸һӡ
߸¶Цõɫҡͷ˵ӣҪҵ飿ǻ޾µȻ֪˽˼ʱֹ֣߹ŷġ
̫ӵ⻰˵ľЩˣǶˣȾƳ⣬㾹Ȼ˵ңʵ̫ˡ˽Ц˵˹ŷһۣգգۡ


1138 Ů
ŷкٺһЦʦ壬ԼģȻ˵ô¾̫ӵԸٱңҲ˵ʲô
ʵϣ߸˽Ǻˣ˶սϵϵ
ӣΪҲ֪ʲô˼ǴָҪˣѵ㻹Υķּ𣿡߸б˽һۣû˵
ףⲻҵʦֶôҪ㰡һ£Ͻȥʦȥʦȥͥ˽װһոտŷӣ߸Цá
ʦ巨ּŷĻһ䣬ȻȾܡ
߸Ҫ׷ȥȴ˽һסȻЦ˵̫ӣò׼һΣȥȾȥ
߸Σ˽ʵԼ֮ϣȻҪѶôףҾô̵ʱ䣬ŷҲʧʶûҵŷ絽
ȺսɣЩкһʧѪ֮ϡ
ˣְɣΪԼݵĺ𣿡߸Щ۵˵΢΢ת˽ѡ
˽ٺһЦû˵
߸Ȼ˽ʵʥʲô˼
֪Ǹʲô˼ʲô߱˵ġ˽ҡҡͷЦ˵
ʥ㵱ֵܣô֪ܲĪǻҪң߸Щ
˽ҡͷǲ֪ϵһЩͼ϶ҲܿԹŷϢΪʦͽ֣ϣ߳ɻʣǵ׻ûиһĴ㣬ҾͲ֪ˡ
ʥֻһһǣͲǴʥˣڴķչ߸΢΢һЦ
˽ͷʵҲģԴһ鷢֮Ҳյʲôˡ
Կ϶տ϶һЩ
ˣЩ£ǵʵЩȾȥ˽˦˦ͷ
߸һ飬һҲ̫˰ɣ֪˽ԸҲֻҡҡͷʲô˵
ǹ뿪
֮ϣüͷվûм˵Щʲô
ŷ뿪ѪûһģϢıˣöˣȻ߸վǰϲŷݡ
ŷһųǣûжãһϢ
˵𣿶ŮҪѡ
˵ŮеĴŮǶ۰СŮ
˵ʥǰΪףѾӦŮ޸ʥĵ𣿡
Ͳ֪˰ɣʥȥǲҶҲǴӦ˲ǶŮȴӦ˫Э֮£һľ֣ǴʥܹѹȺۣΪɽսɾǿߣŮӦ޸
ʥӣŷһ㶣ⲻ˵Լֲֻ׵ǣΪʲôҪԼףһԼһŮ
뵽ŷͻȻ뵽ڷ¥ǸŮʱԷԼе⣬հԼ׵Ķ󣬶ˡ
ҡҡͷŷʲôˣȻȥףϲԷȻյӣҲ
ŷԼĵߣܶ飬ֵķǳȻգҲǿ
˵һŮԸˣ˵ǹŷ粻ڶ֮ϡŷ뿪ʱһ仰ŷĶС
΢΢üͷȻ׼ķ򣬸˹ȥ
ŷ粻֪ǣߺԻˣȻںһ𣬳Ϊһ꣬˲ǱˣȻա
֮ϣǿƼսɾûǿߣû֪
ĵλãһӣվһȺǿߣ㹻ʮˣΪ͵ģһߣΪģдɾ硣
ۣһɿµϣߣվһŮһװòףԽӡ
ʱŮС죬Ҷ˵ˣŲҪʲôأ㿴Ǹŷ磬ûѵĻ𣿡
˱ǰ㣬ŮһۣЦ˵İɣʥȻ˵˹ŷͿ϶㲻õġ
Ҳʲôùӳԣ쵰ɫǣҪСŮŷڷ¥Ůһʱ䲻ϵϢ仯ԣ͵ʱȫһ
ЦɫдһĨοû˵
ڲԶѾǿ߽սˣЩһЩսߣΪŮҪΪˣһһˡ
ʹսǿߣҲջǳΪŮǵǰ;ޱȡ


1139 ̫
ˡһĴɣϹŴ죬һսɻܣһֻѹ
Ǿ֮ӣȻͬ죬ķڷܵҲʧ䣬ȭһȻӡ
ŷЩȻ
û߳Ϊŷ粻ԼʲôϵŮף֮ǰ˵ԼŮҪɱŷŲء
ٴΣ˭ǰһսǾ֮ӵ꿪ڣĿɨˣ
ŮüЩˬˣһΪ;Լ˲ԶԣǾùŷ˳һЩ
Ҳ֮Ϊ֮ܳһˣһ𣬵ûû㡣Ц˵
ߣ֮ŷΣŮʵ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼ۾һУ˵Թŷ粻ʥĵӣǵõڤɱѪ֮ϣѪ֮߸һս֮£ŷӦøӽܳɡ
˵ĺܿ͹ۣҲǸһӣʵκ͹ŷȣǸͲһεġ
ǾͶˣŷ綼ϣοңһ֪ʲôϢŮм˵
ȻʧЦŮҲȷʵ̫ˡ뵽ȻԼŮ㵹û˵ʲô
ҿ֮ûǰ¶ɫתŮ˵Ҳʱһ˸һӰ
һ۵꣬Ӣһ֮һͷˮɫͷ˳ϣԵ÷ǳ
̫ӡ˾
ˣŮף̫λ᲻ϲŮ֪ȻŮˡܶۡ
Ϻ̫ţ˵ǧǰѾǴΪڴﵽʲô̶ȣ˭Ҳ֪ǿ󡣡
çʵˣҲ벻ȴһڴ˶¶ȤɫҪ֤콾ײ
ˣɽٮٮߣײ˭Ҳ֪
˶ܹҵɫÿȻ̫ӵĳ֣Щš
çڣ䣬ҵǰըˣɫ÷ǳÿ
ç̫ˡ˵ȻţǴʱȴΪڳʵ̫ˣһȥ͵Һ°çһȥûˣᱻ˳Ц
ҵĻçЦˣһ˵ʲô㲻ߵĻҾɱ
ɫѿŰçŭçΪܹһΣҾͻˣս¹˭֣ǻ֪ء
׳աçЦȻתͶŮҲ޸κˣһֻӦҡ
Ůɫÿм˵˾ˣçİɣҲ޸ġ
ŮĻçҲ˵֪˵ΪһŮӣôܲϲҡ
ŷЩۣҲ쳣һｫԼʲôˣֻŮӾϲҲ̫˰ɡ
ա
Ʋ죬м
ҹç˵һꪣɨȥµĻƽⱬ춯أҺɨȥ
ۡ
𾪵Уҵ屻룬Ԫ˻𣬽Լ޸ŭŰç
˵սֱӱ
ٻԼһɫĳǹ𶯳ǹ˹ȥ
çЦмдꪺݺ䣬ҵĳǹײһ𣬽ûֱӵʵȷʵкܴĲ࣬ҲǰçĶ֡
˭Ѿˣֻǲ֪һ᲻䡣
Ȼս֮£ǲ򣬶ҪȥçղŵĻ̼˹ǺǲйὫġ
ɱ
ɱ쳣ս졣
ܶ˵ͷֻйŷƲ죬ȻܹҸӣ̫ڶ˶ѡ
Ϸ
çƲ죬Ĳм
ֳŴꪣսһ𣬽ҴûѪʧɫԸ߾ѹ֣ܹõӦ֣սҾЩŲסˣɫ¶һĨ⣬֮û䣬ǿŶѡ
㿴һĻɵҡͷղˣңĲһܳɴˡ
ɱʮغϣٴαɱԪ񶼲һٵˣһҵתܡ
çЦɫ¶һĨµ飬Ȼɨˣʮ˵˭Һһս
ûһ˵ģɫη
ҶǶ֣ܹսùçȻȥŰ
ŷҲûгֵŮ޸УԷ޸˭ŷͲ⡣
뿪ǰçĻȴùŷֹͣ˽Ų


1140 һն
ҿǸսʤҲˣصĵӣͬһһԼδڱףȴûг֣ʵǿЦսʤҲһЦ֮ˡçԲЦ˵
˶ɫ˭û뵽çŷ磬Ȼʥжðһͷçʵ̫ˡ
ǳ⣬ɫЩÿ
Ϊ֮մ򽻵ˣ˵ཻ꣬Ȼ֪յͣɽΪµĴڡ
çĻֱǳգ󲮣ҲףĺΪʲôҪɵһһһ컯ĺӶѣΪɽĶҴçЦճ˵⡣
Ĳ𣿡һ𣬳⡣
ŷڶŰçһɿµϢڰçϣ΢΢ɫ
Ǻˣçʵ
ŷг˾裬ڶԷϣܵµսԶǳµв
ŷ硣
һ˵˶ɫһڳˡ
ŮƲƲ죬û˵
ڰ㣬ǷǳȤŹŷ磬˿ŮùŷЩϰߡ
ԹŷҲֻǽĿ⼯ڰçϡ
ԭ㡣çɫһ䣬˵ث֣óˡ
ث˵˭أŷʵ
ث˵ءçʶ˵
ԭثְŷЦ
çʶԼ˵壬ɫһ䣬м˵յĵӣֻһֻˣƤӵļһҳϣһǸ߹ˡ
ô׳յĻҳϣҲӦóΪҲ߹ˡŷЦ
ͬĻǴ˵Ŀ˵ЧȴһŷȻƽçǱס
˵Σһ۱ܹ
һ棬ŷȰçҪǿĶࡣ
ŷгȤǸղŹŷı֣ͶԹŷޱˡΪʥӣӦǸ߰ޱȵģǹŷֵĺƽ꣬ȴܹ˿һɰǰǣһ콾ֽȫһˣܹɴ
˵ôϻһȻն㡣çЦޱȡ
ʵϸղʦЩʱѾעҪΪһˡŷһĨɱ⡣
Ǻܺõģ޹ˣҲǱȽƣԵˣȴ˿飬ڰçϣܵһĵ⣬ȻЩĪǹŷȴûзŹԷĴ㡣
ߡçЦŷȥ
çеͭ𶯣ɱ죬ޱȣ渴գɱħնħ
ˡŷ翪ڣƽֻ֣𶯣µѹ¡
ֻɱ⣬ðçɫû뵽ŷһ־Ȼ˰ңǿĲ
çŭһдꪷ⣬ıһȥֻײһ
䡣
ֻûб飬ȴ飬ɢСçɫ䣬û뵽һײԼȻ·硣
ܡ
çһͷˮɫͷ޷ԶµĽ⣬Ȼŷ֡
ݺݵĻӶͭꪣ۽ŷ磬Ҫս
Уÿһʿ似çҲ⡣Լ似оԵģɾ֮УԼԲж֡
ҽսҲ䣿ŷЦ
밽çսһ𣬹ŷָ䷢⣬ͣͭײ˿

ڴ˶ȻçĴꪾһµǹŷȴ֮ײ֮ƿ¡
çɫ¶һĨȻۣ˵֮Ϊǿ֮һǺ͹ŷȣȴ˲ֹһ㣬ûпɱԡçԼײԼĴꪡ
һʮײç˫ֲеĴꪲһ˳ȥ
ɱ
ŷ˹ȥ˫ӡһѪӾ֮ϵ˻Եܡ
çɫͭꪣһ졣
ꪺһһͷצѪҪȥ
ն
ŷȣѪͻȻһѪצɳȥԡѪѪ鳤ա
ס
çĿкһȵϢ³ܹٻ
Ȼŷ綼ܵһвҵſ̫ͼǰ˫Ŀһɣ콣ǰͣеĽֱն˹ȥ
䣡
µܱŷȥ
ڰçױƣһѪȴûʲô󰭡
ֻһ㱾µĻ͸ȥˡŷ˵پȥˡ


1141 Ϻ
çľһֲõԤС
ɫأŲȴںˣڹŷ£ʱһּĸо
һУȻҲ˲ãɫһҪֹŷ硣Ҳʱ򣬹ŷ綯֡
ֳһӰһ֣ͬԶսƶ¾ֱӴ˿µĹ
¾죬ʬ
çɫ𶯴ꪣɨµգһܵв
꣡
飬¾ѣçŭһצ֮壬ȥ¾
ۣ
һ죬ç飬ֻʣһͷ
ŷĮ֣̫ͼ˳ȥֱçͷ­ɱ˹ȥ
˶ľ֪ŷһǻУçˡϺ̫ӱɱϺȻᱩŭֻûȥҹŷ鷳˵ˡϾŷͷʵ̫ˣΪʥӣ˭Ҷġ
ס֡
һǰ㣬һһӣ˴֯ŷɱç
ŷĮһۣ֡
ۡ
çͷȫ飬ֻʣһ㡣
ŷûмֻ֣˵ϲġ
һѪ⸴աΣȻָ˰ç壬쳤ХŹŷ磬ɱʮ㡣
ŷ縺ֶڿç°ܽѾˡ
ղǹŷ飬çѾȫɱˣ
çû°ɣçߣеʵ
û£ײҪġçɫ΢ÿһЩ˵˲ǱˣϺա
ǰŷ繰֣лŷ顣
ŷ翴˰һۣĵͷû˵
ŮһߣЩֹΪʲôɱǸ쵰ԺͲ÷ˡ
ŮһۣͷҼ˵ȥˡ
ܲҪ⣬СӼҲ˵¡쳣˳յǸûΪԼݣʲô
ŷ翴򰽹񣬵һøУʵΪһܹزѾǺܲˡ
ߡ
һĿŷ磬˵ʥӣȻǷҪɱˣǲǾԼʥ̨ܹˣ
ɫеĵǳŨùŷ΢΢üͷ˵ҲҪң
ɫһùŷĻŪеͻȻЦһ㣬㻹ûǸʸɣȻӣ̻ͨ
ŷŭˣ飬˰çһǰȴһٵƣʦͽ˵⡣
㻹Ҷ֣մЦɨΧһۣЦĺ壬֦ͬǶ֮ϡ
ɫһ䣬û뵽վȻҪԼȥҪ֪һڶ֮϶֣ǰսܣȻԹۣ򱻻ų⡣
ģʵðаŭ
ŷ翴˰һۣ¶һĨЦݣȻ󵭵˵ˡ
СȻгͽܣϲһմЦرĵգÿһ仰벻ա
ܣЩˣʥһЩ飬ǺվѾˣҷǳ㼵ڣʵá㲻˵ԽյΪоǳĲ
رǹŷ뿪㻹һ뿪ֱǶһξ޴ʧ
ߣҾǿǸ˳ۣ͵ĻɱҰЦ˵Ļǳ
壬Ǵʥүˣ᲻ŵӡŮƲƲ죬Щ̵˵
ɽУҲвʥģǾԲա
㡭
մŭָŮһ㱻Ѫ
Ů˵׼ŷǲμӣСսԲã㿴Űɡ
ȴɽ
ҿǸŷǲˣѾͷͼ޸ǼҰçɡ˵
ç۾ʱˣϲŮĵز
Ǽûǰ;ҲŲҪءŮƲƲ죬м
ɫһڣû뵽ŮôԼӡսĿתԼ磬Щŭʵ磬ŮѾͷ̫ˣԳһûУôܹ
üçѾʧߣʧȥӮȡŮʸСŮ˵ǳһ㣬ȷʵʵ飬û£ȥɡ
磬㡭Ĳһš
ʱ򣬰۾ҲȻ԰ղˣ磬ڰյУǺϵģպվͰ㷢İç뿪

̾һڡ
ôˣŮЩʵ
ϣ岻°ɡ˵


1142 
Ů⣬Ҳûн͡
ڴʱ뿪ķȴ˾޴ײµƵأХء˶𾪣ǴХиܵһ־
ǿʩչۣӳһ棬˶ˡ
һµӰгһѿµħֱն䣬ͷצɱѪȾ񷡣
ŷ硣
˾ǵӰ֡
ʶΪʲôŷ뿪£ǲڶ֮ˡȻ϶Ϊŷ约¶ʵϰ֮佻ǺѣһӣȻ첻µز£ŷ벻ΪԼԭԼʦͰ֮ʲô϶

̾Ϣһһ޾µֵܣȥˣźǰȴûֹյһЩΪʵ̫ˣȥĻĺ嶼ᱻ޾Ԩ
ʵȻŷ粻֣ҲҪҸᣬð߽ϺλȥʲôĶĺ塣
ŷ»ع飬򰽹һֵǰ̨
˻һ˶Ȼŷֵƣ˭ҺһսһնɱϺľŶӰçʵ֮£˭˿ɵУ
һսһڿնªޱȣ죬ΪϹŴ쾳硣
ɽ˾ħ
ŷһһֻĳɽɳȥȾѪ
ɽɫ˳ȥ
һսһɫ飬ʵǿᣬŹŷ磬ҽܵΪ
һʵޱȣ֮ղŵĺɽֻǿ
ŷüͬһѹ£ѪԺˣȴŭһһ˲֮ơ
𡣡
ŷ緭ΪƸΪֱ꣬ͷŵĽ⣬δһ˿һ
ȻıԴ޷κιŷ磬޷
ŷٴζԼһתӣŷһս
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ܣ˺ȻܶҪһԵˣʱ򳹵׾ϣ
˭ԸһսŷɨЩˣЩʧϹŴ񾳽У޵ˣùŷЩۣҪһЩĥԼǷǳѡ
ı̬֮⣬֮¼ûܹΣասǿߣŷ绹Ҵ̼ĺǿһСģŷпܱɵڻסǿߡ
һսһֻӸ֮ϳɱ磬졣
ǴӽԣѾǴɶĸһսǧغûзֳʤ˾
ŷһЦ˵̫ˣ˸Ϳˡ
ŷĻԴŭһ͵ӳڳУɫĶŹŷɱҽһ壬ǵѪ⣬
ϻ̫ˣҪʹ򡣡ŷƲ졣
ȫȻŷ粻ɱ˽ȻԹ⣬ʵ𺳣ֲýԶˣŷΪָ߰޷ܡ
ն㡣ЦɫУ죬гһѳȫѪɫɱ졣
Ѫɱ죬ô䵽˽ԵС˾
Ѫɱ񽣣Ѫɱ֮ǰɱѪɱ֪٣ԭǱߣ͸ӡ
Ѫɱе쳣£һĴɸ͵סŷ¶Σˡ
ۣܶǲٿùŷ硣
Ȼŷ޽⣬ѹһϹŴǹŷҲӵܹԡ
ŷ̾
˵ձɱ㡣Цʮ㣬ΪѪɱʵҲ㹻ǿܹʤһ֮µǿߡ
ƾ㣿ʮࡣŷ絭һЦħУһ˲ɷ졣
ˣ
Ѫɱ𣬾Ȼڲеһڳ˶Ŀɿڴ
ŷеĳȻϹŴȻһЩ˼顣
֪ħųϽһΪݵһȴЩĻ֮⣬ħĴڡ
ѪɱȻǺȫʢʱڵħȣźܴĲġȻħӡˣһϢҲѪɱµ𶯡
ѪɱǺӵаҵĳǰȻôãƾʲôɱңŷЩʵ
ߣȻʲôĽѾעɡ˵ܵӰ죬ǳš


1143 
ЦԼ壬˵ĻҲӦðɡŷɫЩ
ɫһͣҲ뵽һ㣬Լһȴ˵ʹȷʵеЦ
ߣͼѿ֮ǲֵ֪ж͡ЦѪɱµɱֹŷ磬Լ֡
ɱ㹻
ŷٺһЦһ䡣
ħ䣬âɣᴩأһС
䣡
Ҳ֣Ѫɱͬն˹ȥ
⾪â쳣£ײһǿĵâͽ飬˷
ۣ
񱻶ǲҽУһԡѪ
˺ʬǺȻ˳ʮ
ŷԭأɫƽ˺üɫȻ
ѪɱħȻûռκαˡ
ԣеֻǱӡܡ˵е˸ħıʡ
ݵһħֻӡȫʢʱڵܣڲȥٷ֮һŷ絭˵ħĵЦ˵ȻˣħҲ޵еģʲôܹɨ
һѹȻ˵ǿ󣬼ֱЦЦħı֮ǲˣз̤ʵ
κһ飬Ϊµıδ֪һ֪ԼԵʲôȻУҲ̫η塣
ԵĻħ𶯣ܵʲôһ
ŷһԶս߶һµӰ֣ߣħӰĮµİأ˶𾪣ȻֻһӰȴԿ˾һ޵еǿߣȻֻǵԻһƣҲµ˲һܹʮ
ɱ
ŷȣ߶ħֱն䡣
ǵħӰ֣һָͷ·ѹ䣬µ˾
Դ죬Ѫɱ𣬻ħӰնɱ˹ȥ
֮ΨҶħħӰȣ磬һָֻͷѹ䣬Ѫɱ档
Ѫɱһɳȥ˶ܹ֣Ѫɱ棬ֵѺۣȻܵˡ
ǺȻǵħӰ֮ǰǶôµȻǱӡĵԻһ˿ܣܹ
Ѫɱ֮ħӰ΢ЩȻѹȥ
Ծŭһ
ħӰУ˻һѪ
ӱɱˣ˶ȻԤеһ粨ҪˡħӰһУʧħصŷУһһվУŴħʸɢſµϡ
һŷЦ
𣿡
һ𣬽ɢ֮Ѫⷢ⣬˲һֱӸ
ŷ羪ȣ΢۾üղüӹһ١
Ϊ֮ӣǲ֮ɱҵġԴЦɫг˵⡣
˻ȻǴͨ۶ԷɱٴΣܹǴȴûɹȴû뵽ԾȻɹˡ
Ǿúһսٴʣŷսǿ󲻴ǽԲսʹŷսǿ󣬿¶ᱻ
֮䣬ûоԵĲνĲûиǿѣܿϧңҪɱ㣬Ӷ赲ˣʲôƨһβɱʮΣʮβɱٴǧΣҿжٱԴܹŷЦϣɱ
Ǿ԰ɡЩҡ˲䶨ߵһ־Ǻѱҡġ
ɱ
ŷɱ˹ȥݻս޵Уɨ֮е֣ȻԶУŷٴѹһࡣ
䣡
ٴθգýָȫʢ״̬
˾̾޽ˡ
ŷЦΪ֣ٴνԻɱѪȾ񷡣
𺳣ŷʵҲ̫ˣ޵УѹԣǽѾ֪ɱ˶ٴˡ
һԤУܹŷɱǧٴΣҲܹ׽ǲĲˡ
죬ٴθͷ𷢿裬µɱ⣬Ȼ𶯣ʮɫ𽣺գŷ䡣
顣
ŷһȭ򵥶ֱֱӺЩ𽣣ɢ֮䣬Ȼŷһ
ٴαɱŶ೤ʱ䣬ɱΣ˶ˡδܼԿҪɱˡ
Ƿ£첹ϡ


1144 ԴС
ʵϣȻǴʱĽԣһֲŵĸоǹŷĺɱԼǧٴΣĻܹ
Բ֪г˴ܸУһαɱǱ
ۣ
ʮνԱŷɱԽ磬ŷɱȥԸڹŷһ˺ۡ
ŷδ֣飬ɱԡ
ʮŴθɫҰף˴ŴԴĵ˼㣬Ѿ֧սˡ
ҽÿһθıԴʱѾҪﵽˡ
𾪣ҪǿÿһθԽԽѡڶʮΣٴθԣԪ֮𰵵
νĽѾˡŷ˵ûоԵĲνĲֻΪûоԵݻ
߶䣬οһϹŴ
Ҳʡŭ𣬳˲ʣ֮ӣ̳˸׵ͨڲȴԷһδɱоԼıԴٴαɱĻҲ޷ˡ
ǹŷȻס֣ͷȽԲΪʥĵӣͲҪʲôɵģȻǴҲ˵ܹյĶ֡
ûʲôʵģɱߣ˺ɱ֮ŷЦһְֻ£ֻظ֣һҪ׻ɱԡ
Դأ廯Ҫеһ
һԸޱȣ˹ؼʱ̣ᱬǿս⣬ȻУҲҪһս
ۼ˾Ҫײһ𣬾Ƕڳ鴤ǽǶ˵Բһ¡ʱ٣𶫺Ǻѵֿ
е̣ȴ׶á
ߡ
ڴʱһߴһΰӰ٣ֱӱɹŷ磬𶯣ԡѪ
˶ȻǸܵһɿµƣ֪ϴڽ١
Ǵ˾С
ĸһ˵ԾǾηĿڿһλϵľ
ס
Եϥ£˵Ϊ׶ˡ
ߡ
һȻԼĶӺǲûй𱸽ԣ谮ӣҼ̳ĽҪĵͳ
ת֣𶯣е˲䱻
ŷȶסΣԡѪȴЦС棬ȴҲҵˡ
Ȼ֪Էݣǹŷ粢壬ս춷أ֪ʲô¡ȻǴҲһһս޾塣
˼ԴСˣӢޱȣⱬŹŷ磬ֲѹڹŷϣ
ŷЦֱӶԷһ㶼ӣĿơ
ҾԴС㿴ЦĿ¶ɱѱںʲôԴС̫ˡ
ɽǿΪǿߣȻЩ
ŷٻħüķ⣬罣ɳȥڹŷͷɢŰĽ⣬ѹ졣
ȻѡһսɾȣҪ֪ŷȻǽǵɽǿǿߣǳ֣֮±һᱻɱ
ŷȻɱ˽ԼʮΣԵס
һСЦҪ֡
һҪĴҳԣһһͷˮг𣬻һ󺺣ɫսףһֿµϣ񶼲Ҫȥ
ʥɫһ¶һĨصɫһµǿߣͬǿߡ
ħŷһ뵽ΪյĽ֣ߴʥڶ˵Ǳ˽ӣħƣ»ĵĴԲʵ
Ҫһӣ᲻ħԴԲʵ
ŷݼŷ
һɽڳ֣Ϊ˸Լģŷ粻ɵȻһɽȥ
˹ŷһۣħ˵ͷ¶һĨЦݣûбҪŵߵĵӾǺģİɣжĸҪĶ۸㡣
ħĻйԣ˴һۣɫм
ħΪԼԳԶ𣿡˵Ͻ𶯣ħǶǿߣ˭ֱ˭ǿҴۼһ࣬ǴսħǷǳԿġ
ҵȻһ˺սˣ԰ɣܡħǺЦ
һɰѪ𣬻䣬˿µƣһֻգƣޱȣ죬չһ飬ĩ١


1145 
û뵽ֵļһﾹȻҲˡ˵ߴʥУôɵģû׵ģţħ֮⣬ˡ
ʥħߴʥҲصһλжǿû֪Ǵȴֵ֪Ѫ֮ħԼ֮ϡ
һ壬Ѫ֮˫ħȴԲҳۡ
еߣ
۸ҵֶһڳУ쵶һȥ̲ס
زʽѾˣһ˾Բ˵Ķ֡
ԴСǴ̫ڴɱҽһˣʳ⣬ܲѵһ١˵ǽͣǸղԸʥǿơ
ڻǰûе
˵⣬ǵңħĮ˵ޱȣùŷ綼Ŀɿڴ
Ȼգ¶Һʹ˵ɡ
㡭
һۣһ㱩ߡԷĻʵ̫ˣȫĲһӶ
ʹһֻ֡Цӿɱͬʵʣڴϣһ䡣
̫ˡŭ
ǸʵĻһսңҲԸҡħ˵ùŷӶһɳˡ
Ϊվ㹻ˣǼħ֪ߴʥиǷˣħޱߣ֮նǿ˲֪ٱ
ԴȻ˵һֻֻ֣ɽ˭˸˵ȻǴλ˵ˣ¶Ǽɵޱȣд
ɫѿǾͲҳ֣ɫ粻͸ղְȫһԥԥһŮһ
ս͹ûʱɱ㡣ħ˵Ļôɫǳѿ
ھǴҪ뿪ˣΪһ뿪ӾͶˡ뵽ͻȻХһŭ̫
ͻȻ֣һֻµĽȥ
ħЦͬ
顣
һµײɫѪɽȻУ·硣
һʹƺߣһץĿɿڴĽԣֱԶȥ
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻˣһ磬ֱɱԡ
ңŭ
ŷʩչͬʱýԼʵȻӲ˴һһѪȴԴӴ˹
ŷʱʩչֿܹģֱӱŷץ
ŭŷ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ѡ
ŷʩչһֶϻ꣬ǿɱ
һµѺۣɫѪ춼Ⱦ˽ɫҵʹôһ΢һ¡
ᣬŷƳȥתȥ
ŭӱץŭ˼㣬Ҫ֣ŷɱ
ʱħħ˹֣µ⣬ɱ˹ȥ
Хֿ˵𶯣һֶϻ˿ڱøˣһΡ
ɱħ˵Ȼͬһ壬ǺȻħԽûһøС
á
ħҲڣʥڣҪɱôˣҲһͷһûһֻ˺Ѳ죬˳˹ȥħħĽŲס
ᣬ
۷ǿҪɱȻҲǶֻ֣Ǳߡ
ŷ罫ԽȻʩչֻأУֱУ𶯣ɱ£ͣĽԻɱ
ȻʩչǵסŷĲͣĻɱձɱ˼ʮΣ
ŷħħ˶һۣԷеĳԾ
ֶɱϣʦҪ㣬Ȼһʥħ˵
Դͬ磬ѵˣħͻȻЩȵ˵
ʲôħҲ𾪣ĶŹŷ磬΢΢һ𣬵ȻıԴǱˡ
˶쳣ԾףΪʲôջᴫŸǣǰŷ硣ͽܣ̫Ҫˡ
ǵĻҲˡʥһۣԷеϲ⡣
ŷɱԣȻħħ񣬵лְŷ硣


1146 
ħϣ¶һĨЦݣֶӣҲ˭İɣЩϼһڣ˭ҪԴСĻ߸ϼһͬⲻ
Χȫһ߸ϼһָߴʥȻͥ¶ᱻƷˡ
ߴʥһ֣ܹƷɽ磬˭ܵ
ŷ綼Щ𾪣û뵽ħȻ˵Ļڸŷ·Ͼȴ˭ܹǹŷĶ֣Ŀǿߣӵнŷɱˣ˸Ǳ뺳ŷ硣
лλŷҲЩ
ʵϣڵɽУŷ粢ȫǿ̫ˣͬĸһ֣ŷ絲סɡ
ߴʥĻûˣϾߴʥһ𱣵ˣȻҪŷ磬ҲҪһº
ˣӮ˾ȥӭȢȥɣʦΪ㰲һ£ûȢѾͷĻʦŵġħЦ˵ŷһɫùŷ΢΢һ㶡
ŷ˵ͷʾףȻ֪ҪԼʲôǼȻҪˣͿ϶Ĵ㣬ŷȻܸң˭Ը͹ŷһսŷ翪ڣӰ˷
û˸ҿڣԶɱˣ˭ǰǴΪλʥ˭ҲԼҲʹ죬ŮǷǳջȴӵҪ
˶˵Ƕˣ¹ŷ磬Ҳߴʥ
ŮЩһСţȻվ˳
һսŹŷ磬һԾԾԵӡ
ŷ۵˵ѵ˵ӮˣҪһս
Ȼ㲻ңƾʲôҵɷ򡣡ŮȻ˵̧žµ°ͣŹŷ磬м˵òǺ˰ɣ
ħ¶һĨЦŷ磬δϱֽ̫ѵһ
ŷһ֣ȻɫࡣĿתŮ˵ûнţóˣҷ֮úõĽѵһ١
ۡ
ħһѪһ˳Źŷ磬ԼʲôʱˣղŲֻǵ٩һ£СһﾹȻˡ
ǴȥħûˣϾղΪҲֻ׵ĶţŻ顣
뵽ԼͷͶŵͬħһ񺮡оΧ˿񣬳˹죬г֡šħһı鶢ħβ˵磬û뵽㾹Ȼְá
ǣҡħҪͣɲ뱳϶ŵͷ
ʱ򣬹ŷһУҴͷ㡣ĻֱӴħĻħŴͣ۾Լˡ
ħ̲סЦħ˿ǳأҲǳԵֵ֮УȴΪĬһˣϲ׽Ū͵٩ˣȴû뵽Ȼ͵ʴףһˣӦǷǳƵġ
㻹Цħֱҧ
ҲЦħŬһӣǵһĨЦ⣬ȴôβ
ħԼĶͷվݺݵĶŹŷıӰôܹúýѵ
ŷ米һȻ֪˭ڵԼлЦ
˴սŷϣŮǿΪȻոսɾ磬ȴܹסŷĹʱŮȻ֮ԣҪǿһߡ
ùŷ羪ȣһŮȻǾûһزֻ˵ЩʱգŮʲôԲŻôġ
µʱ䣬ִ˵ֱͿ˵ָһ˲Ȼܹһ˵Ϊزŷ¶һ˿ȡ
ڲ³ԼȢŮԭˣ֮УпǿĶ
ˣ㲻ҵĶ֣ɡŷһ֣һЦϲŮĹĵӡ
ΣҾҪ㣬ҪҵķûšŮߺߵ˵ָˣͨᴩϵ£硣
Ȼˣȴ˹ŷ磬ŷ絲סĹɱǿƵ˼㣬ѹͨŮˡ
ɫȣָֻƽ¶һĨȻɫŷľޣҲյķۣΪӡ
ı֣飬ûı֣ǲء
ʮ֮ŮŷһѱסֱڻѹŮһڣȻЦϱˣ
ŮߣҪ˵ȴŷ˵ֻܵŹŷ硣


1147 
ȴЦǺǵģ˿ںԼŮڱŷռˡʵҲںŷӮж֣ǴӮŮѾĶ
մϲ磬ͣ񶼿μӡ㿪ڣһ𶯾졣
綼ˣ˾ȣϲ˲䶴
λʥƼݺᡣħħ˵ǽ롣
һܹ뵽ʥǶͷԻʱɽ磬¶Ҫ߿һۡ
á
ħʹޱȣֱӴӦ
ߡħˬǵͷ
͵ЦȻ֪ħΪʲôˬԼŮĹڹŷ磬緢밽һ𣬽붫
ˮ磬ʩչ󷨣еĺˮ棬ŷǽ룬ǳˬһ㶼û䳱ʪĸо
̻ԻͣҹΪԴǽ񣬻и䣬ȫѵõı
ŷ綼һֿ۵ĸоо·һӴǰҪӴǳܹγɵľ޴пǵɽ
ӵľסطĿνǵˣ˾̾
õطŷ̲ס̾һ
ϲһֱסһӭ֮Ц˵͹ŷ˵Ŀд
֪ŷ粢ὫһݷУʥĵӣʵݲ͡
ǱȢŮȻҪ׸ģǹŷȢŮ㶼ͷĻһֱƷпܵġ
һϰס½ϡŷӣס컹Уסʱ䳤ˣŷ϶᲻ġ
ϰߵڣںʵ̫ѹˡ
ҾͲǿˣҵϣʱĻסţֻŮһŮǼĻе˵΢΢Щ顣
ʵڵܸӣŮʥĵΪһ£ǴӽŮڱ˼ҵˣðȻЩᡣ
ŮԼĸףѾˣŷܵһ̣ףǰˣԼķ޷ġ
ʵϣŷ磬ȻĻҲñ׽ŷƳŮŷ飬֪һô˽ܡֻΪһε飬еĨӶѡ
һαŷܣҲǳ׷ſˡֻŮƵǣŷ羹ȻԼķӡ⿪
ĹĵĶŹŷ磬һ仰˵ԽŷԽҷ֣˭֪Ǳſ֮󣬻᲻
㿴ǲܹſ㿴Ůı飬ʱЩЦáһ˿ʣԼŮ޸ŷ磬ò˰ɣһôһϧˡ
ְɣŷЩԥʵ
ᡣȻ֤ʲôЦزŮٵҲԼ๫ˡ
ǾͺáŷŮһģŮڻָɣҪŷ֡
סֹ֡ŮŮĶһջ㬵ˡ
İɣԺѾͷҪʲôֵľٶ͸ңһúõĽѵġࡣ
ף
ŮЩί򰽹ίĺһ
޴ӷôҿɾͲҪŮˡɫһࡣǶİʱƷǳˡ
ʹŮܵĳ谮ʱҲ˵ˣͷԵ÷ǳί
ŷʱȴվ˳һ§סŮЦ˵ʵղֻģ˲Ҫ⣬İɣŮһŮˣҲΪһӵġ
ڸŮΧʱŮЩ⣬˹ŷһֹۣ˭װˡ
һۣŮʱֲ˵ˣȻԼĸף൱ηġ
ڹŷ磬һøУһҲȫһȻ֪ΪԼΧ
ŷ￴Ů˼ԸһɽֻµŮӣʵ̫ˡ
ˣضŭܹһ𣬾ǵԵ֣ԺôͲЩĲˡħЦ˵ͻˡʵһˣǴۣħŻߣһ飬ǹһ
˵Ҳǣж︣ǾͲôˣŹŷ粻ѾͷġЦ
ͣһһ£ڹŷ磬Ҳڼʶʲôʲôѣһµʱ䣬ˣͲʮ


1148 
ʮˣдˣϽʿ֪»ֱĿɿڴǶѣϹŴ񾳽ǿߣ˵ЩսɣӵϹŴս˵ǿߡ
һŷѾ֪ܺͻҪĶࡣǵɽûлߣ֮Уɽǿ
Ȼˣɽǳ֮УҲֻŵġ
ŷ˼ҲﵽβŮѾ·еŹŷˡ
лλμСŮĻ磬ӣм׶Σ˵Цݣķǳġ
ŷŮ飬뻨ɽˣպ˭ַǡҪѹҪúԼܲܵգܲܵһ
ˡ
ǻҪлء
ܶ˴󺰣Ҳվûʲôͬ׻һģһ
ŷȴһָоܶ˶ԼĿ˸ԵĲ⣬ЦЩ˻յŵأҪɱԼΪյĵӡϾǶ˭Ҳ׶֡
Ͼ˵ǶЩѳ֣ܹɱЩˡһλʥ˭ҲҴǵüͷ
ȻΪԼܵɱĳˣܹΪȻжһɭɭֱӳŶȥġ
˶ɫ΢΢һ䣬֪鷳ˡ
Ϻպ;̫ӱɱɶ֪ҲϺưոݣܶ˶֣ΪʲôϺһֱûзڴҪʱ̲סˡ
ɣ㵭˵ɫƽΪ
һӰ֣ۣɢǿϢˡǰյĴӣϺصһڡ
ܶ˶ˣǼˣȴһ֮çȻǿ󣬵˵ԼԼֳԶ
㣬ϺҪһ͡˵ĿⶢŰ㣬ǿ֮
㸸׺;̫ӣΥԭ򣬶˵һѣǱ˻ɱ֮ˣΪʲôҪŷ磿Į˵
ЦԭóԼŮ𣿡ЦĿͶ˹ŷϣɭȻ˵Ǹ֣
Ȼʹŷ⣬ȴǳ϶
ֲҵֻɱϲİˣôҲŷƤӶû̧ǸͲ˰һ
ɱ𣿡Ц
кβңŷ˵һ䣬˳˳ȥ
ڴʱħȴüͷȻһɣ˳ȥڹŷǰ棬򰽾ɱ˹ȥ
˾ȣС֮ħǵԸӦòŶԣ
Ǳ֪ԭ򣬰ħ֣ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻȻûкˣӲħһ
˶𺳣˭û뵽ʵȻܹħˡ
ʱħȵ㲻ҪˣΪҿ𣿡
˶ɴ۾򰽾
ڱ任һ꣬һΪ죬һΪҹֻ۾棬֮ҹת
˶һȻ仯
˵еΪգΪҹΪ죬Ϊ죬֮Ϊǿ֮һ
ھȻԳ֣Ȼħħ̲סһ
Ȼ㡣ħ˵ɫ
֣m؅ӦҲڸˣǸһֱһ֣ҪΪǾͲ֪ˡħЦ
þûгԹˣ˭ҳڣһа𣬪m؅֣׻쳣͡
m؅һ֣ܶʿɫm؅֮ӣϲˣһһ֣Ҫʿ١
ڪm؅Ƿǳʹ޵ġΪm؅ĸҲǿߣȻǿ߶Ǻ֮ǣҲκǡ
Ѫⲻһ㡣m؅Ŀⶢסŷ磬һεӡ
ֻԲ𡣡ŷЦ
ħħͲģǶʶĸ㣬ŷ粻ΪǱô򵥣϶е̣ܿǿߣĻԶĲƸǿߵ졣֮ԵڣܹȻԼ̵ġ
ûҪm؅Բ˵Ķգǲ¡m؅Цɱ졣
Ĳ𣿡һ˶ǻһ
һӰ֣ӻƽףͷϽڣ̤ź˿ģһ˫۽𾦣ڪm؅ϣź̲ס˺ü


1149 ս
ʥm؅ɫ־塣
üͷһ壬ûκξȣŷ飬ǲעǲأʲô飬Ҳע
ʲôأܽô˵
ת۾ϣͻȻǳʲôĹһɨ
˭Ҳû뵽վȻ˱ңĴ֣Ҳ˵־ͳ֣һԥûС
ŭһ˫֮µĹ⣬һǰɫһǺɫնȥ

ײһ𣬷һ޴Ĳͬʱһһƽɫ
սʢһҪֵӡ
΢΢üգ飬ѵ㻹Ҫ֣
ɱҵӣҺ˵֮£ĵҿ𣿡Цн˸ЦҲ֪ϺʲôôΪ˭ԭԲҵӳ֣Ҫ㣬ҪŭԲ˶ߡ
ƾ㣿Ц
ȻյϣЦҿǿ˵˼㣬գɽ绹ܹеģѡ
ĻһӰƿնۣһ˵ӣŷУɱ⡣
ԭˣһΪһܹöأˣΪո𣿡մЦɫ΢Щ̡
ɱֵܣӦɫĮȻպ͹ŷǣɫĮ
ܣαأǰԼ̫ˡ̲סվ˳˵
˶һ˾ȻǰܣֲûˣҪŷ
ֵ֮𣬲죬㣬㵽׻ûһ顣ʣɫðЦ
ûи飬ǰպͿܣ㲻ҪˣĻⲻ顣Ȱ⡣
ܣɱ֮𣬲졣ŭ
ЦҲǿһҪΪԼֳ𣬸ȥĻ
˵ʲô˶ģû˸
ϲģҪҳȫǣһϰɡ˵ȻҪһս
ŷ类һϽ˵ʦɡ
տ˹ŷһۣЦΪʦʶһ£ʲôսʤʲôʥ
ɣ
һѹأǿߺɨȥչȻͬԼ˵һҪսˡ


˺ȣǶϱǿߣʵǿλ߱ʲôʱӹղһˣȴҪսˣǳӡ
ɱ
ȣһΪգһΪҹ⣬ͬɽһִȫˣ硣
ɫȻ³һӣ·ѹ䣬˶ɫ
飬˷ս֮͵ķˡ
m؅Ҳ֣ܣᴩ֮䣬ѹ¡
ǿһ֣ޱȣȻħħɫˣӲǿߵĹ
ơ
մЦȻ壬ɨ˵ͨ档
µĺɼҶˣǸܵһɿµƣ˲ɱǡ
֮Уɢһ͵ȻסĴǿײನ
գһ˵סǿߵֹȻ˲ٲȴһ˺ûС
ûǱɫյǿе㳬ǵ
һۣٴγ֡
ʱҲٴγ֣Ǻѹ䣬ɽ޹⣬رɫһĩվ
顣
죬ˣͬʱȳһѪ
˺ȻĶգܡ
ս˺أЦûʲôܵģ죬ΪԼǿУȲ߹һ
˻˵꣬ɫ죬ǿ߶һۣٴγɱ
ĵӰսһ˶ǺȻֻ˵յǿ󣬵Ǵûмʶܶ˾ã飬ڲ֪ԹȻ٣յսƾ춯أһ˴սǿߣ·硣
ߵʵӵɲˡħ̾
ȻҶ֣ҲδĶ֣ôʱ䣬һǵһμһħҲ𾪣ΪѪ֮˫һ֮£Լǰ׵ˡ
˹ŷһۣħЦСһｫʵܻܿᳬԽߣһȫǱ̬
ħȻͬǵľ磬׸ܵŷǿµսԶľ硣


1150 
棬ջӲӣգѹ䣬Ѫ
˺ȻʥĲɵˣһѪ
ǺȻ˶һۣԷеĲţǶǿߣϵ¿޵УȻɽǿ߲٣ҲŵϺţرǰеǿߡǴʱգȴȫǶ֣ѪҪ
ҵıǻ˺ͪm؅ʵԽɨ˺üΣѪһˡȻˣҲյĶ֡
ʱգȫս˿ƽȣɫսѪڣ𶯾졣
ãǲĶ֣뿪ĶסˣҲ֣m؅ͻˣҲѾסˣѾ˱ıԵ
ߡ
m؅ͻ˶˵֣պˣȻ뿪
ɱ
մȣ˳ȥֱӺڪm؅ϡ
m؅ҽһ嶼ըˣԪһ飬ҵ飬Ԫһ⣬ӻţ뿪

պһ뻯һ⣬ûУЦһһ
ԣĸоյǿ󣬿Ҫɱ˵ĻԲκ⡣
ͽܣҶıֺ⣬֡ŷ磬Цſ佱
ŷͷ
֪ԼڵΪûдﵽҪľ磬ջǸŵģԴ߳ȥŷ绹ǻܵɵ׷ɱ
ڵʵ̫ģΪ㹻ǿȻһЩΧҲаܹӳȥ˶ѡ
ŷڴǵɽܹ̥߳һսܹõĥЩˣȻܹγһвǵĥȻе㲻á
ģĸǿ߸鷳ҾͲˣϵԸһսġЦ˵Ŀܴ󣬽ɽУж֪ʸʥգ޵еĴʡ
ŷͷû˵ʵȷʵǵɽĶ֣Щ֮ԴҪµĶ࣬󲿷ֶ۷ʵŷ̫ࡣ
յĻǿ²ٳ֣ٻɵ
ߵܣþòǺѡħЦ
á
Ҳ飬˹ŷһۣȥɡ
ŷ΢΢Щ㶣Ȼͷ
ĿУŷ·֮ȥ·ʱŮѾƿͷŷ֮ɫһ죬Ȼ˵˭ģɫǣϽȥ
ŷ̲סɴ۾ʲôЦ˶Ѿ˺òãȻڶʱ˵ԼɫǣùŷҪεĳ嶯
ӣɷһ쾭ģ˵ɫǣǺ޵ġŷĴ
˭˵ûеһɫǣҸ㣬ȻѾ޸ˣԲҡŮһһɵı顣
˵𣿡ŷٺһЦһͻȻŮߣȻһ§סŮ
ŷŮϣĸŮ̲ס
ſҡŮЩ
šŷĻܼ
Ҫ㲻ˡŮЩŭ˵
ŷаЦһҸ㣬ʲôɡ
һѽŮ˴ϣȻ˹ȥ
Ҫ
Ůߣ̲ס󺰵
һҹڶչŷŮֵʱŮ˶һˣɢųٸ顣ʵҲɹϹŴ죬ͬʱһϣЩֱӡ
ڹŷ磬ϢʵѾﵽ߶׵Ķ壬Ͳһͻƾ磬ס
ڵĹŷ˵ʵʵ̫ˣǾ粻ʱ̫࣬û㹻֧ͻơҪӴڹŷҪ磬Ƿǳһ̣ȻŮΪһ壬õ˺ôҲûס
ŷţպԼ֮ʵ϶ǿԶЩ׵Ĵڡ
СݼΪŮɷ򣬹ŷ԰㱣Ӧеòǳ
ããɡЦ˵ЦݣŷгϲһʵڵŮ˭Ҳ᲻ϲҹŷǴˣʥĵӣ˼


1151 ħ
ڳΪ˹ŷӣԺһҪúõһӵı֣׼ǰһˡԼŮЩġ
̫˽ŮԸˣʵ̫ڵʱ׵Ļġ
ĻŮȻ˳ĵͷ֪ˣ
ɴ۾ֱΪԼˣԼŮʲôʱ˳ˣû
ŷȴЦ˵˲õģʵԸϲģֱˬЩŤŤݵҪǿˡ
ŷĵĿޣʵһֱŮӣȻЩСԣʵϷǳֻŮˡ
Ůֻǰ棬ʵҪúöĻӵĺá
ããܹˣĻҲ˵ˡЦ˵
ŷͷȻɫһ࣬ˣСҪ뿪
΢΢һ㶣ЩɻʵΪʲôߵôżɫЩ⣬Ǹսĵڶ죬Ȼŷ粻׸Ҳôż뿪ɣ
ŷҡͷЦǸʦ˵ǸҲӦܹµʲô˼϶ΪңʵҺʦиԼΪﵽһ֮ŻȡĻֻгȥ
ԭһΪŷ粻ϲءŷ˵ҪΪ۾һЦ˵ΪδҪȥĺŮѾʸȥһطˡ
ŷһЩɻĶŰ㡣
ʦΪףӦþΪǸطܹǰ˵ΪϹŴ񾳽磬ҪΣǺܼ򵥵ġŵ˵
˵÷ȥħߡŮ̲ס˵¶һĨ־ɫȻ֪һʲôӵĴڡ
ҲȥħߣӦ֪ʥأֻҪʵܹ޵Ϊͷ˵
ŷЩɻʵʲôħߣ
Ųħߣҽȥǰ㣬ΪϹŴ񣬵ǳ£ÿһħмʮ򣬶һ֮еκһ㣬ٻʮħΧɱŮܡ
Ȼһطŷ羪ȣ⵹һĺõطĻħҲûĵط
ŷɫ˾Ȼ֪ŷʲôЦ˵ֻĻħȷʵûʲôϡĵطħ߾Ų㣬Ӧ磬ǰĲΪϹŴ񾳽磬ĲΪǿĳأ㣬˵ǻĵطֻҪɱһħԷеԪһ壬ʵ
ʲôһ㣬ŷо˸ľˡ
ûκβõӰ죬ЩľŷԾı顣
Ҫȥħߡŷ˵ɫᶨһΪĺõطرǶ˵
ãȥһҪסҪΪǰҪǿܹߵڼ㣬ߵڼ㡣㶣ŷ磬ɲԼոյõŮûˡ
Ů¶ǵɫֻԽǸǿߣܹ֪ΣԣҾԲٽڶΡ
İɣҲģҪķµһܣûʲôܹҵġŷ˵
ŮҧŴȻ˵ͷ
ΪŷŮ֮Եúܳһ˿Ϊӵķ緶ˡ
ˣǳɡŷ˵
ãغʲôѵĻĴ硣㶣Ů
˵Ƕ̫ӣʵϹŷһֱûмԷ֪˸糤ʲôӡķԸŷף˸磬벻ߡ
֪˸ףջŮЩᡣŷһ죬˱ֿˣ˵ԵЩ̡
Ůվʶˣ׹ŷĴкܶǿ߶񣬹ŷҪ֤ԼȫҪԼʵ
ڵΪսȻǳǿ󣬵Щǿߵʱ򣬻ǲ̫
ġŷֻ˵֡
Ҳ֪ԼľʵЩ̣ŷ粻ٵʱˣֻӵǿʵܹϲأ쳤ؾá
밽һ뿪Ϻз·ƾˡ
һЩսɣǵڶ֮ϣҪȵŷ뿪ʱ򣬶ȴһǶû뵽ŷǳˣȴǶȻǰĻ϶ᱻɱ
ͥеıǿ쳣
ڶһط֮ͣ󣬹ŷͰʧЩҲ뿪ˡЩսһƬѰȴʲôûҵ


1152 
ڴʱĹŷͰˣѾһİСľ죬£޾ӥ񷣬ԳХɺ׷衣ﷱƽһƬ
˿˿ŨԪɣ磬УԵʮ㡣
ŷһһɴԪУŷ¶һĨ̾ɫ
õطŷ̲ס˵һֱٶȻڵɽ綼Ҫһ
ʲôõطĺõطûмءЦɫ̲ס¶һĨɫ
ʲôطŷ̲סʵѵħߣĻħߵҲʵ̫˰ɣסһʱ䡣
ʥΧЦ˵
ʥΧŷһ㶣ףĺܴӦֻĺˣܹǰ
ùŷȢŮĿıʸĻħӦþʥС
ħʥģѹÿǧ꣬Ҫӷӡ˵
ŷ粢⣬ȻھŲħǻĵطµĴڡпǻ߸֣߾ǿߣ޷Ĵڡ
ȻɽΪʲôǿߣѹǿߣԷһ᲻ʣӡǲӷӡĻĴںױܹ
ߵʵ̫ǿˣûʲôܹԶķӡסǡ
ǰУ˲䴩Խǧɽˮŷ羪̾ȻһС磬ȴʹ࣬ޱߡ
˼ʱһǳرϡǳغΰޱȣǽߴɣޱȡ
ǣֲԾ̻ɢź˵ϡ
˲࣬ȫ壬һʵǿᡣٶսɣֻмҲ൱񾳽ǿߡ
Ϊ֮ǿ壬ôǱϱֵôʵǿޱȣֻδǱ֪Ծ
ŷ絽ʱ򣬺ܶ¶ȵɫȻɫмȻǸܵŷ壬ֻһֿܣŷֻ࣬ǺףŻᱻġ
ˣ߰ǷǳмģʵǿѪ֮˫ٿǿߡ
ŷȻҲܵЩ˵ĲмЩҲЩˡ
ĵλܸߣΪĺֿȵɫϣЩǿ¶ηɫ
վסһǳ⴫
ŷȻתⱬ䣬Ǹǳˣʱ̲סɫ䣬˺üɫȻŷη
һܹˣʵǿ¡
ҲǶһۣԿԷеĺȻԹŷ֮Ķʱղźǳŷ˵ˣսоһˣܹȻУǾԲࡣ
һˣȴڹŷ°ˣԺˣȻǰ࣬ʵԱ֮д󲿷˶Ҫǿ
Ȼ߰ǸǳǿߣŷʵܹӮǵء
ҵңǸǳŷǿŭڴ죬ʵǿ󣬵ǴʱȴЩ㡣
ŷղŵı֣ʵ̫ˣһֱһµ˼㡣
ҿŷ˵˲Ǵ󲻾ŷĮ˵
ֵ߰ĸӸ߰ڳǿЩиЩ棬ʲôˣܹǰ˸߰ʵе㲻˼顣
ƨǸ߹壬һʲô׸һѡǸǿŭ
ȣû׸壬ȢŮΪޣڶ߹󲻸߹ҲںУƽȣ߷ˣ˭˭߰ǰϰˣʵңʲôԸ߰ģŷЦ˵
Ȼһִϣһ˫ӶǸǿߵϣǸǿ߱ɫ̲סٴκ˼
ɫһ죬ЩŭԼȻһΣ˵ֱ衣
㡭Ҫ
ڴʱ㿪ˣ㲻ҪﶪˣҵŮŷ磬׸ģһ㡣
㣬һʲôƾʲôģǶ֮Уȴ˵㣬ҲֻͨһԱѵĻΪĶ𣿡ɫм
ĻðĹǺɫЩ࣬Ҳ֪˵ʵ飬ȷʵǶҲֻͨһԱ
졣
ŷɫһֱӳȥһƳ˳ȥԶ
嶼ȣǷŭû뵽һݣȻŹǸ߹塣


1153 ǳ
ŷȴûǵķŭɨЩǿһۣЦ˵һ飬ҹŷңǱ֪ġ
Ļһ˵жŷȻֻŮദʱ䲻ΪȴŮҪġ
ҰҲףŷԲϷղһͽܣŷԸĳЩ棬Ǵʥһķ
ԣŷ⻰ԵĹ
һݣȻʥҰҪúýѵ㡣һǿ߿ȥֱӳ˹ŷ緢
ʱ򣬰Ҫˡŷ翴˰һۣһ÷ĵɫȻ˵վһߣСѵЩ֪֮ͽ
ʱ򣬰㻹˵ЩʲôֻվһߡҲףԼʵܸŷʲô
ŷ˵꣬ٴһƳȥǸǿֱȷɵһߣЦ˵ˣͬһսҰһֻϡ
ŷ絹ûɱˣϾʥأѵһǻУɱһ壬鷳ʹˡ
һϣúýѵһС˵ɫ࣬һƳɣȻûܵʲô˺Ĵʵ̫ˣǱ˻˵ǶԷȴǰŮͰ֮гޣʱȻưոݡ
ʵϣЩǿѾ̲סˣһʮսǿߣɣȫɱ˹
ŷ쳤Хͷڷ趯սȻ֣ѹȥ
ոճŷԼ֣ʱһϽֵֿȻˣǱŷһƳԶ
졣һǿ߷Хӿ嫺һ磬ǿޱȡ
ŷһȭֻؾ춯أɱȻǸǿߺɳȥȾѪ
ٴγ֣һѪӾ֮Իѹ£һѹöԷ޷ѡ
ǿ߶Ȼ֪ŷ羹Ȼǿһ˼ĵز˲ѹսɣʵʵֲ̫ˡ
ۡ
Ѫ䣬һǿ룬ԷȻԪԼ壬Ͻ뿪
ͬʱŷҲܵµĹ
ŷ޾壬ſ̫ͼת򷨲֡
ͣ
һǿԷɽն˹ǵһ÷ǿߡ
ŷЦüķ⣬罣ն˺Ѳ죬ϵ£ҫۣ֪ʮɣֱӽǸǿߵķɽɣһ飬ǸǿߺˣǲͣĿѪ
ŷɱȥ춯أתǬһһ㣬ޱȣʮǿȫɳȥ
ǿ߶Ȼôһ̬һսɣȻ˿µսš
Ȼ޵ţҲԴﲻһ̶ȣǲ˲ڳ֣ǽĿ򰽹㡣
ٺһЦЩ⣬ҲЩ˹ŷһۣװƵ˵˺ʹҽһŮŷ磬ʥһʥΨһĵӣѪ֮һսƽֽ֣Ѫ֮ϣڽ߸̫ӵϳǧУȻ뿪
һ룬ٴ˵˵ˣдŮõڤȫУҲ֪Ǽ١
û˵һЩǿߵɫͰһ֣ȵȫ˵֮Щǿŷ񣬼ֱڿһһ
ǰ˵һϣ԰һˣȻŷȴô飬㹻춯ء
յӣһսսһƽ֣ȻҶ֪ûгΪǿߣʵȴǹϵǿٴ꯳Ϊ֮Ǿδ˵ڴɾ꯵Ķ֡
ȻʥգҲڴɾʱ򣬱ˡȻǸʱѾ߾磬ֻǸոս롣Ǹʱ򣬳ꯣ˭Ҳ˵ܹڴɾա
߸͸˵ˣǰշ𣬲˵ҲˣܹһǿǧУմȥϢӵľˡ
а㣬һﾹȻһ㽫ŷ˵ǱȥΧŷ硣
ŷıǻˣɱˣǶùյԸ嶼Ҫ밲ˡ
ʥأҲڱ˵һܣǶĴ˵δһˣҪĻԲһ¡
ڤĴˣǶεĳ嶯ڤ棬ǿһԺǿڰ
ʲôסˣû뵽ŷͷȻ˾ˣףԼһδǰװˡ


1154 Ҵ
յһͲԹŷôɽ֮˭ܹʥŭҲУǸĽŷɱˣɽ֮󣬶֮ء
ƴҲ˵˵ͨߴʥ֦ͬǿߣضܹƷ
뵽쳣ƣŷ˷ߺޣֱҪһ
ʥΣѵʥͲýˣһĮһꡣ
ŷ羪ȣ꣬ȻǸ仯ɵġ˲ǱˣϺİǰյĴӡ
ۣˣǸҪӰҹŷ緢֣ΪϹŴ죬ȴһּΣյĸо
һܹеԼˣһɫ΢΢Щء
㸸׺͵ܾܵΪʥԲűɱģѵҪ㸸׺͵ܵܵĴ󡣡ʵ
üͷоЩ鷳˲֪ǰβ֪ʥسǿϵ֮һλܸߣ֮ϡ
ӵȴδرһǿȥ
ɱ֮𣬲죬󲮵ǵһɱԼ׵ܵܵˣΪֶҪʴʲô˼ʵ
㸸׸Ļܼᶨûһԥ
ƨݣôҶɱҸ׺͵ܵܡͻȻŭ
ɫһ䣬Ц㲻ҷ룬ԭ֮һǲ޷ǵĴڣʥΪ֮ǿ֮һֳǸǿߣ㸸׳ԲѷŴƣҲȻĻֱ׳ԼûŷҲûд
֪Լһп϶ҪһЩ飬޾壬ΪеվĶˣ峤Ȼ򰽾д󲿷˵ġ
Цֻ˵һյĻѣΪŴƣ㹻ǣǿģǿ󣬺ξһЦ˵˵ʱ˹ŷһۣƵ˼ǳԡ
ŷվ˳Į˵
һΪʦΪŷԺմڻƣϼһǾԲ衣
԰ĻһӾʹ˹ŷĵߣɱ
ͣɱңҵҪһĵӵʲôǿĵطȻҽа塣ɫм߰ޱȣŹŷ硣
ŷ粻˵ֻϵɱŨˣͬХһ㣬ѵơԼ֮䣬ǿħʬǿߵʬǴϵ䣬ʵ˼㡣
ⶼǹŷɱ飬԰ƣӷ˵У𺳡
Ȼǰ̲ס𾪣֪ԼС˹ŷ磬һʬɽѪǿߣûԼеô򵥡
գҴŷ˵ͻȻ˻һŻ⣬ȥ
Ǽµһں˹ŷеķһŻɱ⣬ܹݻǿߣ͵ס
ʵϣŷʱ򣬰Ȼܵͷž죬϶Ѫ
ǿߺȻǿ֮һȻŷһжס˿ɣǱһлУûĵ
ܶҪ֪дʲôϣпܳɳΪǿߵġ
Ҫʱŷ֣һض·𱻽ˣʱ䶼ˣǸһָͷˡ
˼Զ֮⣬ǲκΪתˡ
ƶǬгһʣǿߵרʵϾһЩǿ߶δܹ
ƣסǬõִС
ŷսɾһ𾪣ǿЦ֪ԼҪǾԲܵˡ
ڰʱһĮ𣺡ס֡
һӰɣֱӵڰǰʣͬٲһûһƬռ䣬ǿ߶оԼһɣܹˡ
ڹŷһֱѹȵĸоһ֪һǿߣǷǳǿ֡
ŷ绯ĻɱһͣٶûУȥȻǿߵҲҪɱΪŷղ˵ˣҪɱ
Ǹɫ΢΢һ䣬̲סŭ˵
ֱһƳ˳ȥƻ޴ҪŷѹС
ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ч´ѹأŷ粻գҲԱȲ


1155 ʥ
ŷ绯Ź⣬ӳңһֿµϢҪƶԷ֡Ǹߣ𶯣ŷ绯伸νɫѪҺһϲֱӽЩѪҺ
ѪЩ˵Ǵ֮һԶϤѪеܣ硣
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷƶԷķһȻ٣ֱӽˡ
üĳһѪ˹ŷһۣɫг˲ʺ;һ̣Ȼأʧȥ
˺ȻŷһĻɱ˰Ϻ̫Ѫˡ
ңǸŭû뵽ŷ羹Ȼɾһ˲ɱŭ
صӣʱɱɱеϣ
ŷһ˿ڣŷȴ˿⣬ЦûʲôҲҵģʦɱ⣬ɱȻ
УɱӣǸŭҪ֣ɱŷ硣
ǰס֣ŷ粻㿪ڣֹ
ССһ壬ҲֹҰ£ҹĿ˰һۣһ⣬ðѪ˺ü
û뵽ԷȻԼˡôǶȻ˵Ҳֻͨ壬ǻǱȽŵģȻһЩ϶Ҫ԰΢һ㡣
ڰأûյĺôȴ飬ð㱩ŭһҪ
ΪԼǰصĶ֣Գȥƴˡ
ŷʥĵӣǰҪý˵ѪЩȻղܵ˲˺
ùңҵҪ϶ɱҡŷ˵
Цû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˸ңսɾ磬ǿ߶ԸͷһնҪǿء
ǡ˵㱻شϡ
ʲôһͷڵɽҲͰˣУҲҪʵʵġЦ˵պܲм
ЦЩˣʵ̫ˣյ˼ʮ꣬ô򵥵ġͽˣôܳΪߴʥ޵µͷ
뵽ǰմսĿսĶڷ
ɱ㣬ǵҽɾ磬ŷ˵
õɾˣҾɱ㡣˵ɫĮһХȻŷ˹ȥ
ڴʱ֮ǰһµӰҪһأӲӣһֻŲ£ֱӽزڽ¡
ҵĵҲҶӰеģȴ쳣£󣬽һڽ£޷ѡ
Ӱ⣬ǧۣ𣬾Ȼء
طҽУҪȴһӰʵ̫ˣȻ٣ҲǷǳǿƣðһ㻹֮ûС
ʥϢŭϽ˵ѾϳˣյӰǲֻһӰԻ
ȻˣҲյ޵еս޵С
ҲõѣԺӲ㣬˭鷳ֱȫɱвҪ϶ҪԴСҲǰ׸ġհ쳣һڽ£ʸ˵Ļ
һǿȫԣ𺳣ʱڼʥʵеĸǿ
֮£ҵӳ֣ɱ²ãﲻƽϣݣﲻ˵˽µİһۣЦ˵ϣһ
𶯣ĴڿѪǶϽۡŷզ࣬һֻ˵˰صڳǿߣ￴ŰرˣʧΪһǿߵΪʲôһ붼ˡ
ڰأɫȻڵĲһҪɱԼҹŷ鷳鷳и޵ǹŷգǣԼôǱ
лʥ顣һ֣ɫࡣ
֪ˣľ֣ܹЩеħ֪ж٣һ붼ĺ
ҪΪʦտ˹ŷһۣɫдһĨͣȻʧ
ȻˣڳǿߣҲɫηŷгĽһʦһ붼˸о
Ҳףŷʸ˶Դ̫ˣսɾ磬ɨôˣһɱ˭ܹɽ磬Ҳûܹɡ


1156 ټ
վĿ׹˸Źŷ磬ɱ
ŷվɫϲֱӰأɫƽ͡
գ̲סŷˣٴԻʱȻǿߣҲܹؾ٣˭ܵرߴʥͬʱƷǡ
߰ɡ㿴˹ŷһۣС˵
֪ԼŮ˷ͷҲ׺ճϹϵйŷڣڣ֮仹м˸ǳ֣
ŷͷ氽ȥ
ЩǿĿ뿪ɫƽ壬Ȼбһѹǵһһ㱻ɱˣһĸоҲΣ̫ǿˣŷ֮޵Уһ˳ֲʣǰһĽ֮ͬУûǹŷĶ֣ǵۡ
ɱ˭Ҳߴᣬ˵һЩҪĻϾŷΪɱİŷ縴𣬵ա
գڼʶʥ֮󣬴Ƕ顣
УܶעŹŷ磬ĶôùĳԱǶѾϤһС
ЩŷдһĨͣеǷߺޣҲеĮȻһ㣬ŷɫƽڰ󣬲Щ˵񣬲ܶԷôӰ첻顣
㣬ǰǳڱ塣ϣһ׳סǵȥ·
һ׳˶Ĵ󺺣߽ףͭ壬ˡ
ŷܴϸܵµս֮Ҫǿ١
飬ûйϵòҪ֣뿪˵
ƨ֮£𣬰㲻ҪΪԼΪܹΪΪֵܵĳһΪġӶŹŷ磬ɱ
֣ҷǳӭ֮ɱ㡣ŷЦ
ƾ㣿ŭҪ֡
ٿ
ҫۣһаɫ̲סˡ
Ľ࣬Ŀһ
ŷҲ˹ȥһǿߣɫսףޱ飬Ļ֮ͻȻһЦдٴһ⡣
쵰
תӣջǱ׷ϣɫͨ죬ŭһҿ
µ𶯣ֱ⣬ҲһѪۣǱƬˡ
ŭҪʱǸĽ˵һֻ
ɫܹĽʵ֮ϡһ仰˵תߡ
ĽԼĳֹƭġ
˲Զİһ򣬲һһͷڵϣתŭĽࡣ
һ̣ٴεͷܡΪĽٴνԼĳɹȡ˳׼ϣһɿµϢðɫ֪ĽʵԼ֮ϡղ˵ʵʵ
档ߣĽʼ磬Щ˵
ŷµĶĽ࣬Щ˵ϲܣ
˹ŷһۣĽʹ˵ϲ

ŷһ㶣ϲôһ²ӡ
֪УҲϵģҲĶ֣ҳ飬㿴һǰһûҳ𣿡ĽЦʵ
ŷһһ˾һûҳġ
ˣǸ߰ɣ۳롣Ľ𳤹˵
۳ϣ֣ΧԱȫһ㶼һ𣬳𾪣Ȼۣ˲ô
˭ŷ紫ѯʰ㡣
ԥһ£Ǻ͹ŷ͵ܣ԰ʵֵܣϹս䣬ȴһֱػ塣ΪŷͣҲǴġ
е񣬲κ̸ۣΪµۡ԰ֻܴŷܴǵ̬Уܵһ㣬˵ͷû˵ֻǶνİۣŷ粢ð
ĽˣߣҲû˸ҳˣŷг˾ȡ
ǵһ۴ټˣǧľ޽еһλ
գһéݣǵĺϣȫЩһԵЩ䡣
ɫηȻǰסĵط
ŷסéݾʲôߣе̬ԵЩġ
ȻŷȻ˵һ棬۵һʲôӵȻ嶼


1157 β
һ羴Ӻ۴ˡ
ĽҲŷվԭأû¹˼عĸڹһʶļһŷ绹ûȤ
㿴һĻʱЩżϵĴڣŷʵʧ¹ŷᴥŭۡ
ȻΪʥӣɡһһĸоʱһ
ŷ΢΢ȣ˳ӣ̲ס˵ĸȻһƽ
ףȻңһǿܹܵ˺˵ľˡ˵
ŷ°͡
𣿡ŷʵ
ţ֮ˣģֻ㡣ۺǺЦ˳Ű۵Ķһɳ¸Ϣȳ˱ǣŻ
۴ˣ㡭ĽͰʧɫ
ղŷͰ̸֪֮۵ʲô⣬ȴû뵽۾Ȼһ״̬
ݣһⶼûˣۿİȥɢŸϢһʬ塣
ҰеĹâ쳣Ԫ񼴽ı֡
û£һʱỹˣҼλС֮Ҹӿ϶ˡЦ˵ĿͶŷ磬һŵı顣
ȻһŽʣƤһ飬ԵЩ£ŷȴܹܵ۵ϲá
˵Ҫ𣿡ŷһۣŲһأȻԷĴ˵ɫǶ͹ŷ޹⣬ΰۣܹҪŷ顣
ĸо˰Ů֮⣬ŷûһøС
ĽŷĸоŷоĽ಻壬֮ϵĻѪ
ȻһЦ˴ˣϰ˱˶ҪΪԼȴҵ¡
ЩǸȻһЦõӣùŷɫɣֻҪǹ⽫¾С
ˣҪˣҪȥħߡŷ˵
ħߣһѹħĵطǿߣǶйˣܽ롣ͻȻ˵ЦĶŹŷ磬˼ǳ򵥣㲻βҲħߡ
ǶЩĿɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽۾ȻͻȻô
ͲҸһ١ŷɫŹ֣ǿһҽβĺ˵ŷһЩֶΣȻǰۣûа취
ɫһȻ¶һĨЦû뵽ŷ羹ȻѲҲķֹǱŷŪһ٣ִ¶ܲס
ںľǷˡȻһϼһĲϣЩΪ˸ԭʵ޷۾Բôʵ϶һķ
¡۷ǳ̹׵˵
㲻ҪңȻĻҲ֪Լʲô顣ŷЦ
ƣһСԵģ⻹ǵһΣǾԲҵŷģΪʾڵɽУҪγеĸǻ֣߳Ҳֻйŷ
ͬСɣǧ꣬ѾȫΪһ壬ƵĻ۾Ͳյˡ
󵨣ŷҲŮȴ峤˵е𣿡ĽͻȻ˵ǳŷ硣
ʵڹŷͰ˵ʱѾˣŷһ㶼ذۣǶ峤һ¡
ûаҶκ˶ˣûоʲôֵġŷһ
ĽЦͻȻ֣󹭳֣ŷһľǳ̡ŷûжܵĻᡣ
ʵϹŷҲûжܵĴ㣬ֱӳָֻ֣ظ֣תס⡣
ơ
ŷȣһְֻ£ֻر۵Ĺâ죬Ľɳȥ
Ľӱ䣬Źŷ磬һֿµɱڼ
ֻĽ࣬Ǵ࣬ҪùԸңʵŷ絭˵ֶָһִͬɽ룬ѹȥĽɳȥȾѪ
֮ͬУŷ翰޵ˡĽʵȰҪ߳һڹŷУȴױܣһ㻹ûС
á
ۿڣ޹ŷʵ˷ŭĽһۣס֣Щȵŷ˵ҳԼСˣ˵ɣ㵽ѽôſҵơ
ܼ򵥣һ꾧ŷ˵Ǵһ
꾧ǿս˵ʱ֪ᾧֽᾧޱȣһڵɽУõɽǿͷ
ڹŷȴҪһ꾧㶼ùŷеˡ


1158 
꾧ޱȣʹǣҲм飬ǶǰһԪһ㲻ᶯã˵ء͵Ҫŷ⡣
ŷȴҡͷֻҪ꾧û꾧ǲ۴βġŷ̬ȷǳļð㶼Щˡû뵽ŷԸȻֱһز
ãҸ꾧һҪ֤ܹκáϣͻȻ˵
ˡĽϽ
ö˵ˣ꾧壬ҲûκãŷǵŮˣܹκң꾧͸ŷҲûʲôۺܼᶨ˵
۵ĻĽʲô˵ˡ
ȻѾˣǾǷԣҲûʲôôġеĵλֱһ
ʹ졣ŷЦɫг˻ϲ꾧˵õĶֻ֤дܹùŷٳɳ
ˣھͿʼβŷЩȲ˵
΢΢һ㶣Щȵŷ˵ô죿ѵʲô׼ɫЩɻ󣬶ڰ˵ʵˡǧ꣬ǹŷ֣Ի˶á
ԣڰ۵УµһĸҪĻеô򵥵ġ
ҪһЩʲô׼ǹŷһɵӡ
ʲô׼ŷһۡ
ЩڨڨһЦû˵ֻи̹ŷһĲ֪ʲôϰס
ŷߵ۵ǰһֻڰ۵ϰȥðЩȻƤˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻ͵س֣һֺֻݺݵͽ˰۵ţֱӽ˳
ĽͰ˳ɵۣǶû뵽ŷ羹ȻͻȻ򰽵۳ֱ֣ӽۻˡ
ʲô㾪ŭЩֻš
˴ˣɱ㡣Ľһŷ֣еļʸֱָŷ磬˳ȥ

ŷĲͷжսָ֮佫ʸķɳȥ
Ľٴγ֣ڴʱŷ˹һץĽϣȻĽУֱӷӡΪ
ڹŷ˵򵥵鲻ˣĽȻĶ֡
۵ͳ֮󣬹ŷ¶ɫѾȫˣһ㱾ɫֻд̱ǵȳζ˸õϢ
ŷеȼʼࡣŹŷĶһ̶ĽһС˳
ĽһȻǶû뵽ȻһСҿСӣͰϵϢһ޶ǸʴϢԵüΪˡ
˾ıȽϽһ˲䣬ǵڸ࣬⽫ĽһǸϽԶԶġ
۾
ܵһЩСһֱͷֶأǧʱ䣬һǿĥ
ƣϢȫϣԼʹͨ죬ҲҲЩ϶ҲƹԼĸֻκֻ֮ᱬһαһ԰ɣŷʵ
˵һ㶼ҸоҵĴˣû뵽Ȼҵҡɫڡ
ƣҲ뵽һֻ֮ΪµһȺֹ߲ܹƶ
Ҳ˵ֵˣǴס
뵽ɫ䣬ŭ壬Ǹ¶֣ұȻ㡣ķŭˣԼһΪĵܵܣȻһ㱻ɱˣȻŭڰۺ޲ֱ塣
δģ棬Ҹܵһŷ˵ƷϣŷУȴŷס޷ӳȥҲ޷ŷ塣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʶԲеô򵥣鲻ģԼȥ鷳ñˡ
۲ɵӣȻ
Լڸøұˡŷ˵˸Źâһӡ
˹ŷһۣ̲סϢһ꾧𣿸㡣˵еŷ磬ղŹŷΪβҪЮðЩˬȻҪһ¡
ŷںӰ۵н꾧ӹȻ󷢳һЦȻǸ˵ص˼㡣
ۣҲڿٵķ仯ɱӯ౻ܣ˻ָǰģ
۵ģһ쳣Ӣӣǳü΢һʡ


1159 ʮ
ŷǶĳ۵ɫЩ԰ףⲻ㣬ȻȻǱĥǧ꣬ǴԴˣһʱ̺ò
ǹŷҲţʱƣվָʱһ
˵ʵ벻գĶ
ҪȥħߡǹŷҪ
ħߣɳõطڶʱ֮ڣߵľ磬ǹŷҪġ
Ҫħߣʵ
ŷɫɻħ߻ʱ
ħмÿ춼޵ʱԻħߵˣܶסʱ䲢̫һ㶼ʮҡŷ͵
ʮ죬ŷɫŹ֣Ųʮʱ乻ء
ʱأŷʵ
ʱǱսʮ죬һߣɱ˳˵
ӹŷ𾪣۾ǿȻ粻ߵʱ򣬶ҲԺɨһи֣Ȼֻʮ죬ʵ𺳡
Ҫһأŷʵ
ʲô˶ˣҲһû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļħдһ꣬ôܣ
֪ܲħߵĹأڵ;ڵ;У˴һ죬Ὣ㴫͵Ӧʵĵط˵
ʲôŷ羪ȡ
Ҫڵ;ĵطɱһԼΪһµľ֮ȥ߾ĵطǹŷȴû뵽ħ߾ȻĹأѵħߵĴѾϤ˺˻뷨һ趨
ħȻѹȺħģҲΪӵĵطӣˣȻͶȡ֮趨˵
ŷͷᶨ˵׼һꡣ
ΪϽ˵¹ŷ嶯ʱĻûа취ջԼŮ
İŷ粻çײ֮ˣûаյҲġŷ˵
֪ԼŮһͨˣȻҲͨ˵˼ȥ⣬ֻһ꣬ôһֲ˼ĸо
Ŀƣڹŷϣ˵ȻΪʥĵӣȻҴӦһ飬һʱ䣬峤ϡ
˻һ𾪡峤ϣʵ̫ˣǿ߲ܳе
峤߳ȥȻҵΪ峤ϴ壬峤ϣ͵塣
ǲӣְ֪λûаصְλߣŷµʵ
أ΢΢һ㶣ȻЦ˵һǳСһǳΪ峤ϣλͬڰأȻûҵҲ֡
ŷЩۣòûʲôô
Ȼ峤λȨأԹŷ˵ȴԵ÷ǳߣĵλʵϾͲͣΪʥĵӣ֮䣬Ҫҵȹŷݸߵˣ²ˡʵϹŷյĴߣȻǰĴڶҵΪʥ
ȻŷȻñ˵ȨƣȴҲ飬ףֻԼʵ׵ģؼʱ̣ĻԼʵ
ðɣҾǿӦһһҪ󡣡ŷ˵
ʲôҪ󣿡Цʵ
ǲùŷʲôֵĶԷֻҪһ꣬ζŹŷǱܹʶǿߣеǷǳ顣
ܼ򵥣ҵһûгĻʮ꣬ҪڽʱŻŷ˵
ɫŹ֣׹ŷ˼Լ治ܴһܹ꣬ʮ꣬ԲŻҪ
ֻȴܹһ㣬ħߣǱĵط֮󣬻ᴫ͵Ӧÿһ㶼ʮħһطȥ֮󣬶Ų˶ãʵܳŵùʮ֮ϣ嶼ˡ
Ľ࣬ħгŹ˶ʮ죬Ѿо޽еˡ
ôŷ΢΢ü˵
ǣֻǸоЩ˼飬֪ҲֻŹȥʮ죬Լܹŵùʮ𣿡ۿЦ˵
ɣԼղµĳŵǲеˣôܴǸطȫ߳УŷȻҲʵ̫ˣЩԵ
ֻ˵ӦӦŷƽ˵
˹ŷһۣһҧ˵ãҴӦ


1160 ը˰
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ̾ϢԹŷıеʧŮʵ̫嶯ˡ
߹ŷ磬ħҪһǺ׵飬ħߣǲ׿ġ
һһǷǳֵҪΪУûܹŵùһꡣ˵ŷҪҪʮ꣬Ҫʵ̫ˡ
޷ʮʱ䣬Ӧܹסŷ˵ģһš
жϢһҪħߣһһһʮҪĿɿڴǴŷĿ
ڹŷ磬ںЩԼʵһܹһ㡣ԼûţħУ׶༪١
ħ߿һûаأõ˹ŷļѪϲһ㱻ԪˣԴĵأ׼ŷĻѪòԼġ
ŷȻѪиӦЦһҪԼϵõʲôôףҪð͵ʴס
ǰħдޱȡ
ٴŻȴ˻ȥһµĹɨ䣬ǻɱŷ綼ЩֹЩȫϹŴ죬ʹΪǸ磬սҲǸ硣
Ҳ˵ŷҪģֱӱǵĲ㣬Ҳʵ֮һϹŴǿҪǿ
أСġ㿴˹ŷһۣɫء
ģﲻС˼ŷЦ˵ֱͶ롣
ʱһµĺǶڶҡػǵ𶯣ɢһƣס
ŷ磬Ҫɱ㡣һس˹ޱȣѪһֻ򶼱ըˡ
˶Ŀɿڴô£ŷ粻ǽħôػˣ
ӦϵϢʱǱ֪ôˣ창س֣ʵЩ֪ûв֣ЩѾ֪صõ˹ŷеļѪ
ֻԼ¶û뵽ѪѾŷֶΣʹõҲûʲôãڹŷħֱ֮һ㽫صըˡ
ȻˣҲˣѪ̺֮ŻʵϢܹ˵ǿߣ̶ֳȵıǷǳµġ
Ȼÿһ˶ܹѪȻǿߣѪҺеԶŷĻѪҲֻйŷĻѪܹһ㡣
Żرգʱһұɱ㡣
ĳˣھ˵ĻյļɵˣȻһжԹŷŭ˼㡣
Ů֮󣬱ĳϣǰسɱĻ塣˵
԰ǳˬԴСˣɼŷѪҪҪ֪нΪɻ飬Ϊһ˵ѪҺУ̺Ǹ˵ķǱ˶Ϥеܣᱻо˵ܣʱпܲڱ˵С
ԣʹϲŭɫĻʱҲ̲סǳԷ
ЩŭˣΪһʵ̫ˡǿҲһĸоǶԹŷûкøУΪŷʵ̫ˣѹ֮µǿߴǰصΪҲȷʵ̫ˣϾŷ绹ĹүԴίʵ
ڳǿߣҲݣصУһ˿䱸İȻеͬܵĸо
ԳģԼҪǱԴҲõȥ
һСȻҲҶ˵𣿡غǳɱ𶯣ŭŰ㡣
ɱһԣһͻȻڣͷףȴûкӣʱŰأɫĮ
ңʲô˼ŭ
ҵӣ㶼ɱô£ǺͿˣҿ㲻ʺڳϵλˡǸ峤˵
˾ȣ˭û뵽㾹ȻһϵӡϾƽʱɽ¶ˮ԰ңûʲôڣǾð㲻һżȻ֮õ˶λõͨѣǴǶû뵽㾹Ȼͷ
ҳϣȻĳУҲһǿƵˡ
ʲôһ㶣ȻЩ˼顣
ʱ򣬰ҲߵҵߣͷݣТﰽ㣬游ɫȻα
ʱϵıԴ𶯣쳣ϣȻͬһ
˾ȣҲûлɣѪǳ򵥣Դ𶯣ϣһȻҺͰȷʵһ塣


1161 
ҵĿⶢڰصϣ˵εҵŮ֣ҶûкƽϣҪɱ֪Ұкεĵط
ð˵ѵҪ˵ԼǿǲˬһϺ֮ĹϵȽϺãΪԼõˣΪϺͰŷɱԲŻǡ
뵽Ϻسң֪ŮɱһﰽգһﰽվͲ˵ˣжôľޣӦñһ󱲱ɱѵһ㶼ŭһ㶼ۣ
ΪҪۣ˼עҪɱڱ˭ɱûйϵˣкô֮ǰڮʥǴʥһŭǣѵȥֿʥ𣿡ҵɫЩ
ʥ֣ǳ鴤ĳ衣ҲһӰ뵽ԼյӰڽ£һɱͲ
һδһһô
԰ЩĻʵǻش𲻳ҪشԼȥֿգʾĺ˾ÿЦ
԰Բ˵ɫһһڣĬ
ˣҪˣﶪ۸ҹȥ֮ͬ䲻һ𣬰۳֣Ȼֻһ᲻ɫȴ˲٣˵ľҲЩӯ
ˡĳԱһӡ
۵ͷԱһۣɢ˰ɣĽ죬ĴҵҪʥӣǲܹһδй漣
ǡ
԰۵ĻʹѱİأҲشȻ뿪һ䱧ԹС
֮еȨߣĻʥּκ˶ᣬҲҷԡ
ۿһۣȻʧ
޾Ŀռ֮⣬һ꣬¶һĨ̾ɫʥΪɲˡ
СҲˣҪлǸͽܣֻһ꾧ҿɲҵɵͽ׺Ū˵ɣܸʲôꡣ˵Ͱǵһμ棬̸֮һ
εǿߣ˵һ㶼ǳֱףĻ
ʥ˵Ĳҵһһ꾧ܹȵϵģҪΪŷѶȡ˵
á
ֱӴӦЦ˵Сʹ죬ͽܣͽտˣʮʱ䣬֪ܹɳһ
Ȼ֪ŷе֤磬Ҫʵ̫ˡŷÿһ綼ޣҲһǸļޣսͬʱùŷҪʵøѣҪ
ܹħߴʮʱ䣬һսɿܹΪ۷ĴڣǶڹŷ˵ȴȫǻ£ܹС̨׾ǲˡȻȻˣŷʵҲ
ʥľùŷܹŵùʮꣿ۾ȡ
յͷԥЦ˵ǸطʵҲһһ꣬¾͵˼ޣͽܣȴǿˣŸʮԲ⣬ͷİɡޱȡ
ðɣȻʥ˵ˣȻţֻǲ֪ŷ֮Ϊܹﵽʲôӵľ硣Щڴ˵
ҲʱǴڵĿռ飬˶ʧ
һεĻ棬û֪˭Ҳ֪ɽλ˵˼仰ȻصԼĵط
һȥˣħ߱򿪣˹ħ֮⣬ûκ˳֣Ҳɫ¶һĨЦݡ
ŮҲֱһ֮Ƕûеȵŷ磬˶ʱЩʧ䣬ǵĹŷʲô⡣
Ҳ󣬹ŷҲû⣬棬ɱϾоʱ䡣
ڶ꣬Щˣħߴһ֮󣬹ŷȻûг֡ҵɫЩÿȴЦȻﳤȥ
ܶ˲мðеСӣȻԴһ󱲣ʵеˡ
Ůɫ԰ףȭͷյĽģԼǹŷûг֣Ϊ
ɣŮԼ̫ţҪ֪ħдʱ˱ǰۣȻۣҲֻʮ죬ûг¡ŷ磬Ľˡ
˵ŷ绹ţû˻ţħмʮԼսħվùŷɱܹɱùŷοЩħᷴһЩΧס˹ŷ磬ɡ


1162 δ
ԣȻŮԹŷģʱҲиоŮгͬ飬ո˽ɷԷˣʵǹҵġ
Ůڰ˳ɡһ˹οŮ
Ů͵ת⣬ŭ꣬˵๫µġ
ʵѾ֤Ѿˣ㲻Ҫʵɣжֹŷһ˵
޵˵Լ𣿡ŮЦ
Ϊȹŷ޵Ȼ˵ʵҲǲˣڴɾ磬ʵȺȻУҲٮٮߡ
ŷնɱİս棬޷׵ѹư޵Ȼ޵ǰĶ֡
ʵڵĻʵеԲѣúܶ˶ð޵ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ȻΪʤҷɸҺһսҷѹңѴ֮޵ҪҲܹһ㣬ұҷǿŮڣĿ䣬ڰ޵ϣ˲м
ǵ˶ţ޵ʱЩŭüͷ˵ȭ飬Ҳ㡣
ƾ㣿ŮЦһͷ˿ƮȹѩУ޵ǰһս
Ůս޵ʹٲսҲûа취ˡΪǿߣһŮսҽܣ»ᱻӵġ
ǴӮŮҲκκô֮Уǿƣսʤһԣһٵ顣ŮҲ˵ˣŷѹѴ֮ԼǷһЩֶΣԼԼղŰ޵˵ŷ粻ء
ԣŮһٶֱð޵֪ˣͬǾܾЩۡ
ңŮЦɫг˱ġ
ôܣֻǲ㣬Ȼִˣֻʶһʲôǿˡ޵˵
ͬҪŮһս
˶֮䣬ɫпЦãкս飬û뵽㷢ˡܶ˶԰޵Щˡ
һԼʵ㣬ŷ粻ˣԲܱǿҲǿġ޵˵
ޱȣ̤գһֻŮȥ飬޵ʵȷʵ쳣ˣޱȣòɫǸܵһ޷еơ
Ůɫ䣬Ҫӭȥ
ܹܵԼǰ޵Ķ֣Ů̶ԷԼķ޴ӷŮһ㣬ŷȫ
ӳ֣ǻòͷ𣿡ڴʱһոձպϵŻһֱֻ֣˰޵ϡ
޵ҽһ飬Ȼ⣬ֻʵ̫ˣһ޷ֿĸо
Ů󺰵
ģû£ֻһáŷĴ𶯣޵ĨɱȥҪԭ
ͽǳףһһֻ֣ŷֱץ˹ȥ
ŷַתֱһƺһѪ䣬һ̱㻯ɫ⣬û˹ŷֱС
أҵ߾Žףɱ㡣ŷޱȣɱ⣬˵
ܶ˸о˼飬߾ŽҪɱһôܡ뵽ŷղŵı֣ȴΪҲŷܹһ㡣
һļһʲôΪ˾ȣΪϣԵЩȻ
ߡ
һҪŷĴץȥ
ڴʱһֱӳ֣صֶ˻ȥ
ң㡭شŭ
ŷҵŮ㵱ҵ棬Ҫ֣ǲ̫ˣɫƣȷѡ
ŭ죬˵һͽѣΪĺ󱲣ҪǵĹذɣ
ʲôأʵ
ɱͬ壬ѵΥǵĹ𣿡ʣɫ⡣
ʲôɱͬ࣬޵ŷѾ˵棬Ҫŷӵ⣬ǲᱻأأѵӵʱ㻹ǳƽһ㷴ӦûУ㻹ǴȰǴһĨ̵Цݡ
ϼһƨٺ˵Ҿɱ㡣ŭȵˡ
ҵĻ˰صʹʵҲӣ껹δɳʱ򣬸һ壬ʱصΪߣԾһֱûа취𣬵ȵʱȴһĹУһǿ߻ɱˡ
԰һֱһƽʱɻ˵Լⷽ顣


1163 Ͻ
ۼϾҪսĳԱ̲סɴ۾ǰһĻǸоڴޱȡ
ǿۣ֮һǳÿ
ˡ
һϵ۶ˣŭǻöΪϣȴʱ֮ŽᣬǲǾóλеࣿ
˻һ˶ʱ죬ȻǵٴҲҺͰ۶졣۵жرڿٻָѾָ˺ǿľ磬ľ
ȥȵ
˸Ͻ£һ仰˵
Χˣɫ̾򰽵۵г˳ݣҲֻλˣܹѹƳǰɡ
ȻΪǿߣΥ۵Ļ˵۾
ŷ磬û˸۸ӡۿڡ
ͷ˲õң۶೤ʱ䣬ҶֻܳһħߣѲķŷЦŵ˳ʱŮ¶һĨ΢Ц·𿴵˹ŷµˣ˾̾
ҲõŮ˵

ŷʧǸŻҲʧ
ʵϣղλ֣򿪵Żûȫպϣŷܹ俪ȫպϣҲûǸʵ俪Ż
ʱ䣬һת۱ʮͷޣŷȻţ˳ٸʮʱ䡣
ɵۣЦˣŷʱԽȻԽġϾŷŮһ޵Ů˵һ¡
ϽУһǿߺճͬŷһ֮ͬ޵Уɨ߳һ󾳽Ķ֣ݺ޵С
ӣ񾳽磬ս߾콾ʵǿ˲˺ܳʱ䣬ǲ֪֣죬һżҵˣ˾̾
ڹ˵©죬Щ˲֪죬ǹŷ֮ӣͷɫߵﶼǹâɣǿɱ˹ȥ
ҲûܵĥѣϹŴ׷ɱѪȾ񷡣һӰնֱӻɱϹŴ񣬽ߡ
𡣡³֣ϳ˵ݡ
ǹŷʼĵӣǿޱȣ۷ս߽׾磬ϹŴУ޵֮ơ
ʧ궼δ֣ʱϽ֮гһЩµˣ£֮أһǸǿߡ
ХأѰҹŷ磬Ҫɱ칷һǿߣǶ˱ŷǻɱЩȥˣڳ֮أǰ
ֻϽ֮УȴҲŷĴڡ
磬Ȼȥ½磬Ҳ½ͣҲ޷Ѱҹŷ硣
Щأ٣ϽһƬƮҡ
Щǿߺճԯ죬£ϻڤģɱ˲֪ǿߣ֮صһЩŶսԷɱĴܡ
֮ص΢һ㣬Ұħڤ˰ʦɹΪħӣȻ칷һһ֪Ҳɱ˵ˣҲ֣Ϊħʵ̫ǿˣȻ󴫳У̫Ըǡ
ҰħڤˣҲǼǿƣѹЩϽΪǿߣһ㶼飬ֻҪɱ޹ˣȫɱһ
֮ص˲ܵһѹֵա
еĲһǵУϽеĳԱĿˣӦñǲڽūۣΪǵū͡ǵķǸûǲΪϽܹ֮صǿߡ
ʵǴףһһɱ飬һˣѪս죬أһɱѪȾء
ȻɱһǿҲѪһ䣬վʤˣһͷţߣʧ˵С
˺ŴϢɱһǿ߲ǱˣǵҲӡ
˶̾ӳΪʱ䲢ȴǿƣɱһȻɱҲһ䣬ѾıֳʵԳԽһʱգٶȣܹ۷壬ΪħһĴڡ
ϷȾѪһ룬ǱӴܣɫ԰ףͷҲһء
ʥԺ칷һһһȫǣҪǽ֡죬׿ޱȣҪʥԺ
Ƿųݻʱһ˳˳ѧԺԺֱӳ֣ѹȻֱӴǵ壬ǵԪشɱ
ǳ֮嫣һӰԻһɱѪȾأȫΪһƬѪ


1164 뿪ħ
֮ص𺳣䣬ǱˣʶϽеȫһ̫֮ۡǿߣ䣬ֻƽʱԻһ֣оΪ
ЩĴڣвǴʱһȫԵü¡
֮ܶصڿʼˣǲٺҳ֣Ϊ±ɱͬʱϽ嶼ǿ֣߳Ǻأ֮صǿ棬˿·硣
֮ص𺳣Ͻеʵʵ̫ǿˣǵȫԿ֮ء
ףΪʲôô֮صȺϽ磬Ͻƶ񤣬ǲ֡Ͻǿƣɽ¶ˮȴǿ˾
Ҳ֣һϴڸգߡ
ԯնǸǿ߳֡
ԷŭһСȻ֣ŭڲһǿߣһ˿ɱֱԯ֣Ҫɱԯ졣
ӲǧٻԯѪղУȴƮȻ뿪
Ǹһû뵽ԯδ磬ȴһսȻ΢һ·磬֮УҲԲͨĻɫеٮٮߡ
ԯı֣ʵ̫ˣǸܵеǸϴһֱڶԼԻɱ⣬Ƚԯɱ
ˣ˵һ޴вһɳ֮ˣȻ¶ҪԼȫˣΪԯʵ̫ˡ
Ǹϴڶţһֻŭһ뿪Ĳʣȴվһͷˡ
ԯͣЦһû˵
ԯĿԶǧ磬ǿǸϤӰʱʲôطԯ첻֪΢΢̾Ϣһٶ롣
ʮʱ䵯ָȥһգȫ塣Ƕ˹ŷ飬Ҫʶһļһħд˶ʮʱ䣬˵Ǿ̲ס𺳡
ˣħߵ˲٣Ҳֻʮ죬Ľʮ죬Ǿ޽еģЩֻһ졣
ȹŷĶʮ꣬۶Ȼзֹһﵽʲôطħд˶ʮ꣬Ҳ֪һʵǿʢһʲôز
Ŀ˸ʱĵĹŷʵ߾ŽסΪŷ˵߾ŽױɱȻԼʵ뵽ŷĻЩ޵ס
һһ飬˶²
¡¡
ħߵĴű򿪣ħľħǷųɽ綼Ҫң
ǳſŻһ̣һȾѪӰ˳ѾȫѪˣɫѪϣһַǳµĸо
һ̣ŮȥҲŷϱȽ࣬һѱסŷ磬Щʵغڳˡ
˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
һЦɭɭҫ£ԵЩɭȻŷһѽŮ屧סЦ
ŷЦˣŮȴˣǱˣΪ˵ؿˡ
Ҫˣⲻǳ𣿷İɣҶ˵ҲµģֻҪҲ춼ղҡŷЦ˵Ůͷһɫ
ȻŮദʱ䲻һʱ䣬Ҳֻһ죬ʮÿŮŷܹܵŮԼ飬Ůӣ޻˵ֻܸŮİ
šŮݺݵĵͷŷħߵЩ꣬ÿΪĵıǹŷİΣʲô⡣
ڹŷڳˣŮҲǷˡ
ŷ壬ϵѪȫʧȻһ£òûκα仯ǹŷϵϣȴӵŨˡ
СӣڻˣΪҿۿŷΪȻޱȣʱҲ̲סһ໰
ЩҲ˹ŷΪʱ̲סŴͣʮʱ䣬ףʵе̫˰ɣҪܹ϶ʮ£¶ܹﵽϹŴĶ徳ˡ
ŷʼ磬ҲЩơ磬ҪӴȻԼˡ
㲻ҪЩɱ˼ħЩ۵˵
վֻǷȻħдʱܳôôʱףֱ̫ЦˣһУǵһμķϲءشЦĳг˵⡣
ŲţףҲܹѪŷЦ˵гţȻҪս


1165 ս
˻Ȼ۶¶ɫŷմħ߳ȻҪսһǾȡ
ףҪսǺεǣŽС
رŭŭŹŷ磬ɭȻ˵Сӣ
˵ĶǡŷЦԣ˿öԷ
ҪҾͳȫ㡣ŭХһƿޱȣ춯ء
أҪŷ峤ϣְλͬü˵ðеˡ
ԼԹŷ磬һҲԼĻͷȴһûУˣȻ峤ϣȻ˵һ顣
۴ˣŷ𳤱Ҫѵһ밽۴˲Ҫ˵ӲͷƤ۵Ļ˻ȥ
¶һĨŭݣȻڰصΪоԱе񣬲ðĻΥ
ڰΥ۵ĻԱ԰زˡ
Ҫ֣üͷϡ˰һۡ
ͷƤЩ飬ȻҲǿߣڰ۵£ǲһ¡
뵽ԼڹŷϳԵĿ˵ͷһĺɫ
ãȻִˣҾͳȫ㣬ŷ磬ԸͰһսͻȻŷʵ
˶һ۾ȻͬһսЩ˼飬Ҫ֪ؿǿ߰Ȼŷͬ޵У֮޶֣ȻҲзɣǸϣһս
ŷ絭ЦȻͷ
ֶһŵӡʱ򣬺ܶԱͻȻһָоҲŷܹսҲ˵
ϾŷʦǱˣǸսɾ磬綼췭ظͽܣôǵУҲΪ
Ů΢΢ЩģϾǿߣŷҪǿһսʵǡ
ķŷһЦǳš
ŮĿ˹ŷһۣȻͷѡŹŷ磬ܹħŷûпܻڰصС
һսŷ翴˰һۣ˵
˶һۣܹԷеĻ⣬ͬʱЦһȻϸ졣΢΢ָһǣͲΪսԭǡ
֮ϣȳ֣Գ棬ͨһɨҪŷɱ
β
ŭǧ磬ɨ£飬紹䣬Եÿµ˼㡣
ֻءһǿߣŷûд⣬ֱǸֻͨؾ춯أתɱ⣬ײһ
˳Хͬʱˡ˵Ĺȫ
ԱԾŷ羹ȻĿսˣǳԾоЩšҪ֪ǿһǿ󣬼ǵɽΪսǴʱȴ͹ŷһ൱𺳡
ܡŭɫг˲šһ׵ˣȻĿԺһսˡ
ŷЦûʲôܵģԶ֪ʮ꾭ʲôڵĳɾͣΪġ
̤գɱ춯أ˾㤡
һѪӾ֮ϸδأʵѪ֣Լ֮侹Ȼһϴиա
˵Ϣڤеƣͨͨһֲֿľ磬ͨݻ£ܹݵĻͨԴͷĴڣпµһ
ŷڵͨͨȻֻһͷҲ㹻ˡ
ؾŭ˫ӡһµӰ֣ݺ񷣬ɨ£硣
ӡйܹͨա
䡣
ѪеǸԽӵվھ֮ϣѪ£һֻŲ£ޱߣ̤𺳡
ҹ
ظоһΪŭ𶯣Ҫŷɳȥ
顣
һ죬貵Ĺ⽫û˳ɱһǼս񷶼ˣŷ쳤Хڷ趯˸һŻʸޱȣ֮޾񷡣
˼ɱѪȾ񷡣
ܣ㲻ߣܹһսصɫг˲š
ÿһ綼ߵ˼ޣ̫ǿ̫ϲܹһսϡ档ŷЦ
ʱÿһ磬ʵĽǾģޱȣŷԼû뵽ԼףȻܹ
ѡ
һֶϻʩչزҽУѪȾ񷡣
֣졣
Ԫתٴʩչͨ


1166 ɱ
ѳ룬Ѫûգͬһһ㣬̺žɱնһĴɡ
а۵ǣȻ֮зҲҪٵ٣嶼̾ǱΪǰռϷ磬ȴû뵽ŷشء
ʩչӡһͷ֣£ޱȣȻֻһȻӵ޷ϡ
ŷѪڣǸܵսһµĻӰ֣Ȼһָ£Ӱײһ
ͬʱȻ飬ʧ
ۡ
ŷһѪܵһĴˡ
ظңԪֿµƣΪ½һ㣬ŭ
ˡ
𶯣صĻָЩԪ˲еı֡ŷгɱ⣬һԲ˹
ʱİأԹŷҲûһӵŷʵǳǿ󣬳ѾԺˡ
ɱ
ŷ˫һչѪ֣ɨȥ
צ֡
س֣ޱȣֱӲŷѪ
Ǽս似ͨȫʩչսѪڡŮģֳ˽ܹ˾޵ˣҲֻķˡ
սɾ磬Ȼܹսֱֱּݡ
ϣѪսԽԽľŷһɱ춯أѪڣѹȻƾˣʱҲЩܲסѹơ
ҪˡͻȻ˵
˶һŷܹˣǽϹŴ񾳽֮󣬻˭˿ɵУʵ̫ˡ
ŮԽĽŮֲŮ˳飬һ๫ǣҲ϶Ůһ鲻ġָӢۣŮϲӡ
̫С˹ŷ磬һδʥȻûɱشıԴ԰Ȼ磬սȴѾе͵ˣϴԴδȫָ㣬ȻǹŷĶ֡ҿڣɫоȻЩ꣬ۼһͬ˾ȻҪһУҲ֪Լʲôо˵Ǹȴһ㶼δܵ
ǹŷŮҲԹŷɡĺ֮㣬ϱǿΪɵĴڡ
ңŷʵ̫ˣʹȻʥҲδޡ
䡣
ϵļսﵽ˰ȻŷԽսԽ£ؽص˺飬ԡѪɢһɿµɱ⡣
صԪͣԶɫ֣̿վǲҺ͹ŷսңԼ磬ȻһɾСսˣԺҪΪЦˡ
ŷ翴һ۰صԪ񣬲ûٳ֣̾ϢһʵϣһúƽˣܹܣĲܡ
ڳ̲סһۣһﻹúƽ֮вȻǵãʮǰŷǵʱ򣬱ɱ˰ͬʱսʮǿߡ
һˣǲϲܣǲء
Ϊʲôɱңɬ
ǵùŷĻҪɱԼǹŷȴûж֣Щɻ󣬳˲⡣
ʵϰĲˣԼΪһȴһ׵Сܣһܴ裬Ȼز϶УԼûˡȻˣʹһء
ܼ򵥣ʮ꣬ɱˣһ࣬һ٣Ӳɱˡŷ緭һۣû˵
ɱɱˣ˶һ飬뵽ŷմʲôط֮߳ǾЦˣŷ˵ĶģҲɱɱˡ
ҪĻԼɱȥɡŷٺһЦ
ɱҲѡΪʵ̫ˣӮˣȻȥɱˣҲˡ
ˣǻɣþûкȵĺþˣеŷЦǺǵ˵
ãǻЦһŮоԼǳӣ϶Цݡ
۴ˣˡŷ򰽵۹˹֣ж๧ڹŷ˵ܹһ㣬ѾǺ˲ˡ
ϾһСڵˣٻͱôŷˣǺȻ۾ԲǣȻΪ͡
߰ɣסѾ峤ˣƾųԺ³Һλϵ塣Ц˵
ԽŷԽо⣬ŮķǳޣҲΪŷԭ彫ߵһԻ͵ĸ߷塣
֪ˡ
ŷ粢⣬ûҪݡ
ŷһȻӣۿЦǱˣͲóΪĳء


1167 ߸
ϧڹŷߣȴ̫ʣΪŷķǳ⣬ʹ˵ѾΪǹŷıȻǳ
ҲףŷˣʵǸ˵ʵν̫⡣ҼʱգעҪھ֮ϣΪΪǿĴڡ
ùŷϣʵʸŷ硣
ֻȻĺܶ˿͸һ㣬ŷһνӡһվ˳ǳŷ磬ŷ磬۴Ҫ㵱峤ϣôл
ллˡŷ򰽵۹֡
۵һЦ⡣
Ҳ˽ŷԸ񣬲̫һЩʽֻҪŷΪ峤ϣͻԼӦ顣
̬Ҳʵ̫ˣ˷ʲôλãŷϽȻĻŹ㡣һ˳ŭǳŷ硣
ŷ翴һۣһɵͽ׵ķϲģȻҲԼ˵ЦáЩۣԼղŲһ£ûзЩһѵΪԼһĶNɪˣֱǲ֪ν
׳ա
ŷһۣ̲סһ䡣
˵ʲôǸ߲һ㱻
ǳϣ˵Ǵ󲻾ٶһƳ㡣ŷƲƲ˵
Ǹһ飬һʱ˵ˡտʼ˵ǸԱʱʶŷѾΪ峤ϡ
Ȼ峤ûжǵɱȨֻƽʱһĴ峤ϣ峤ȻȨǡ
뵽ŷĳ˾η
ߣ򲻹ԣټˡŷЦȻ밽һͬ뿪ǳ磬صɽ硣
ŷһ֣ܵ˹
һǬǹֱùŷһϽԼеŮƿȻһħ֣ʱɷ죬ŷֱһն񷣬Ǭǹײһ

ŷֱУһ̣ŷٴγ߸ôƤһôǲʲô
ʵĺܿ졣ŷԼһȻʲô鶼ûУ߸ʱ¶һĨȵɫ
ǿ죬ǿ϶졣ŷЦ˵߸ûкøУԷ̫߰ˣùŷǳˬ
롣߸˵
˶ʮ꣬Ȼҹŷ磬ŷЩۣЩǲеǵ۰ķҪԼʲô
ŷ̬ȷǳ
ɲ㡣߸Ц
ԼǬǹҪǰ׽ùŷ硣
̫ס֡ǰ߸ǰ档
ͷ߿ǴټˣҴ˻صͥ߸Ĳһһ̲ס˺ü
ŷһŭ߸ʵ̫ˣûнԼ˷У뵽ŷЦ˵ǲȥģȥҲȥģ߸˼жԶҹԶڿǳˬ
ŷŭˣ߸ĺ⡣
ƾ㣬ûʸ˵ҹĻ߸Цɫг˲м
ȻܵŷʵϲĵһսǹŷվĶ֡
߸ʵ쳣ˣս֪ٳɱϸǲ֪˶Թŷ߸ǰûʲôơ
һأһЦǺǵһӵļһ֣ЦݣֻĿ߸ʱһ㲻Ȼ
շ°ܽȻҳҵǰ߸ЦɫмȻͲȴһµơ
Ϊʲôң߸Ҳ޵еģ֪ҲĶ֣ŷһս㲻˵Ķ֡շЦе˵
շڷҵĵλԲͣȴƺΪѣǽŷ統ܹƽƽĴڡ
һŷĵλ̫ˣùŷ綼Щȡ
շҲģŷȻ᲻ϣ˵ͷЦ̫ӣҵ֪㵽ǲ˵Ķ֣
ŷĻ߸ɫЩÿһŷ磬ܹܣһշҲܹܣһǲܹܵˡ
շ߸Ͳһ㣬һʵȷϲĹŷ磬߸һ¡
뵽߸һĿ˹ŷһۣҵšЩӣеһˣȻߺߵķƢӡ
ŷһЦ˳û뵽̫ӣȻ˿ɰʱ򡣵ȻŷҲףһǶˣͲɰˣʵʵ̫ǿˣŷûܹס߸
߸뿪շͻȻ˫ֺʮŷ˵ƶɮҷķּŷѡ


1168 ͵Ϯ
ŷͻȻɫշŭ
շסˣղԼǸŷΧˣǹӲշһֱŪĸо
ѡշ𺰵ٺúõ˵䡣
ﶼȥҪȥȥҵʦͬ⣬Ҿȥŷ˵һԥûС
ȥգշһʲôЦ鰡
ҪԼͽܵ⣬һӽԼɽȥ뵽շɫһ࣬˵ŷѣѾǳˣܷ¶ͷʦ
ʦص֮ԣҲҪʦˣȥʦ˵ɡŷٴ˵
ΰ£Ȼշ𣬴ʱһҪĳ嶯һԼȥգ˵һʲô
ɫ쳣ÿŹŷ磬ĿЦ㻹Ǻһ˰ɡŷȻ׼ˡ
Ҳȥߡŷ򰽹˵
ŮշһۣȻͷתҪ뿪
շһҪǣʱ򣬹ŷˣϢһ˲䱩ǵ˿µľ磬Ȼֻغɱȥ

շҽУ飬Ԫ񶼲һըˡŭŹŷ磬ŷǳɱʱշתӡ
ŮĿɿڴǶû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ֣һɵշ
ǱΪŷĻأû뵽ֻΪԻշġ
߰ɡŷЦе˵§ŮЦݡ
ȴֹԼŮԲʡ͵ĵƣշгԿˣĻĹġ
ȻһŮڰ˵Բһ£Ȼˡ
ֻйŷˣܹľԶ˾ӣ
ŷŮ˵
ŮͷɫЩ˷ܣЦ˵Ҽˡ
ŮĻŷ̲סЦܹõԼӵͣ˵һֵÿĵ顣
һУȥʱ򣬹ŷ΢΢һ㶣߸˹ŷֵʱ̲סЦһ¡
ͽܣ߸͵ϮշǸϻΪʦȻûп㡣˵ЦݣԵ÷ǳ⡣
Լͽĳɾͣʦ˵Ҳһֵý顣
ʦˣλǰǫáŷٺЦ߸ҲڳȻ̫⣬ȻĻ߸ɫ϶᲻ÿ
ȻղŹŷ绹һŭӣպ߸һ֣ŷı̬ȡղ֪ܲղŵ飬ѡ߸ƱյҪŷ粻Ҫȥղŵ顣
ŷȻǣʵղҲû̫Կ
ССͣĳɾͣһŮ߸̾ȻСǾʸȰ㶼Сȥ
ǣŷҼܳˡҲǫĽܡ
ŷ磬˿Щˣ΢΢Щ˼˵λ˵ˣɷҲ
ѵõĲ˼˿һ㶣̲סЦ˳
úúáһûмͽܺأһﲻаմЦ
ŷһۣȻŮһλ¡ЩɻĶգʵʦʲôǧҪңڵʵѾ԰Ҫˡ
ȻǣһҪ߸һˡ˵
ŷһ㶣Щ⣬վȻ֧Լ졣
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ͷǲģҲͻƱԵٲ¾ѹƲסˣҲżˣҪ죬㴫СЦ˵
ҪԼУŷһ㶣Ȼľϲ
һĴУںϽķ͵УܹսսӵĿֲ
뵽ŷһ⡣
û⡣ŷȻӦҪ
߸Ӧ飬ǰ쵽ˣӦǧңʲôʱ֣ʱ򣬲Ц߸ʵ
ȥʦǧҽˣŷɴ۾һԼ˵ӡû뵽ȰԼ죬Ȼⷽԭ
ȿȣҵĺƺȹˣҪһЩɹ죬õɹ֮һİɣʱٲĺƺȡɫ΢죬ȻҲЩ˼
ĺƣŷɴ۾ĺܺúȰɡ
ŷ粻֪ǣɽĺƣɽ磬ѵõƷܶҪһȲĺƣɽȹˣᳬ


1169 
˵йŷķݣȻһ㣬ǧңܹٺþƣ³գû˻֪
߸Եĺƣɫ΢΢Ľҡҡͷ߸ĸ߰ȻոԼƺȡ
ƹѲ߸ŷ˵߰ɡ
ŷȴҡͷڲߡ
߸һ㶣ŷҪ𣿿ѾӦԼ
ĿתŮŷЩǸε˵ףʮʱ䣬ֻһһʱ䣬һλҪͥ飬ȵ֮ȥ
߸һۣꡣ
ȴЦ˵ͽյĵӣ壬߸һӣ֮󣬴ȥͥ
ն˵ˣ߸Ҫͬⶼˣһз˲࣬վеһ
á߸˵
Ů¶һЦݣʵǺ͹ŷദģղһֱĹŷ类ߣ˲ŸռҪֿھͲõˡ
л񡣡Ҳм
ЩŮģ֪ԼŮԷ˼
лҡ߸СûЦݣͷۣԼص֪ͥ᲻ᱻЦ
뵽߸͵ۣԼȫˡ
ͽʦУսĿתŷ硣
ŷҡͷӦʲôЦ˵ֻܹ밽ڰϵһսʹսҲյĶ֣ߣͲһܹΪߣɽΪǿƵ
ˣŷǶ֣ǿһսĻᱻŰûȤŰ
㲻ܾܾʦֻҪ֣˵ġ˵ǸһһںƭСñŷ磬ǸСñ
Ҽܾŷǳ鴤Խ˵ŷԽǲҺһս˭֪ʦҪʲô
ٺ٣ðɣȻ㲻Ը⣬ʦҲǿˣ߸߸˵
ʦ㲻ŷЦãʦǱԼҪԼء
򲻴򣿡ƤӶ̧
򡣡ˣŷֻܴӦһۣ΢΢Щԥ˵ʦҪһ㡣
ŷûأһСŪԼԼ޶ûеطȥһֻزѾǱˡ
ȻŷʵǺȣĲһ㡣
ǿ˵׼չЦ
ŷһҧ˭˭ʹ򡣡
뿪
ɨ˼һۣ˵ǶùҺúúС¡ͬ뿪
߸ǶûиȥռȻ˵ˣǲҪ棬Ȼ档
䡣
ϴһֲĲ߸Ҫɱ߸ԳľԼҪס̶ֳȵĹ¶̫ס
ʦͽ˵ıȶֱѪɱ
һᣬֲʧŷ类ֱ
ףĳ鴤Ȼùҡ
û°ɣŮһϽŷ籧ڻС
ˡŷ˵
Ѫ𶯣ת޸塣Ȼŷվ
Щǿ١˵վ˵ۣĻǴȥ϶кܶƲ죬ʲôЩǿ˲٣ǿ˺ܶòá
һ̣ջһתȾͲ̫ˣʱ䣬޳ս֮壬겻ɴɣѹɽ֮꣬󣬳ɾ磬ȡͨսʤ֮ɾ۷ͽٶȻ
յĻŷ̲סһۣԼ已̥ܹľȡ
Ҫ֪ڳ֮ǰѾ꣬ؾ˲֪¡죬ǲء
ŷȻлѪҲֻڳΪ֮ģһѪֻһǱĴܱʾŷһúܿ١
㲻ҪٵӲټ㲻ҪΪԼѾˣذܣסĸ֡˵
ŷԸһ죬ŷ˱ԼǿˣȻ󱻶Էܡû׼Ļһ˺ɥʧģҲܽ
ҼԼͬ޵УҲϻиǿˣҶܹǲڽ¡ŷ˵ɫࡣ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦݣá
ȻŷĻպ⡣Ҫбܵ׼ҪͼԼ޵УֻˣܹߵĸԶܴҪھǿ֮֡


1170 ǰ칬
֮ϣ˲Уӵһɾ¡˲ǱˣǹŷŮ
ɷŮһͥŮЩڴʵͥƵأĹŷһȥˡ
СŷҡͷֱӾܾ
ŮзһĨ⣬ԵЩ
ŷͷۣһ֮ŮǰĵȫһǷǳ˳ӣùŷҪܾһЩҪ
һǰͥͬŮһδȫȫϾմ칬˶ˣ˭Ҳ֪˵᲻°ӣŷԶ
ԹŷǲܴӦŮһȥģԼȥĻһĻᣬǼŮĻһʲô飬˱ɡ
Ů
˵оͲУûŷһκܼᶨΪĲܴһȥһʲô⣬ŷҪڶˡ
Ů˵ЩʲôŷɫһʱŮһЩίȻվ
ͥƵأȻҪҴУǱ׼бʲô뷨㲻ȥͨŷͣŮʲôĸо
ðɣҲϷȣǷסһ飬ŮŮŮ˵
ŷ̾ϢһŮգ˵ģԶҪסһ飬ضղߵĴڣ˭Ҳɱҡ
ɫ֣أһ棬Լһ⣬ܼʱŮʲôɵ¡

Ůͷŷ˼
ˣǻȥɡŷЦ˵
ˮ붫ʧ֮һӰ֣˲Ǳˣǰŷ͵Ϯշ
ֻʱշǰе㲻һһƣһ𣬵һħ
ħˣҪǱ˿һĻ϶һ
Ҫ֪շǷҵĴ֮һǷҵĴ֮һھȻħˡϢǴȥԾˡ
ұɱ㡣շһʧС
ŷ죬һۣһΣյĸоͷʶ˹ȥȴʲôûз֡
ŷ΢΢üͷһֲõԤС
˭ŷԼĸоԲдԿ϶˶ˡʹŷԼҲ֪˭Լ̫ˣһбɱսɣнڵգȫĳҡ
ʶһ㣬ŷԼЩͻȻԼһ°ߵܹǳһصĳˣܹǳһЩ粨
ʲôŮʵɫЩɻ
ŷ練ӦЦ˵û¡
ûŮɻ󣬲ŷ粻˵ûʣŮ֪ŷҪԼ֪ĶͿ϶˵ҪԼ֪ĶԼʣҲ˵ġȻŷҲΪá
ǻص߸̫ӳǰŷ˵ѾˣǸóˡ
ŷͷŲŮ˵õģҺܿ
ŮͷȻ㲻ᣬǴʱҲŷĽŲˣһӢһκˡ
ŷ߸̫˻⣬ʧڶ֮С
ˣŮԵЩʧǡ
Ůһ֡ŮһۣɫЩ̾

ŮɫЩί
Ҷ֪޸ŷ磬ǶԻǴעǸվھ֮ϵ۷ǿߣʹδɳҲܹġ̾Ϣ
ȻйŷһܳŮǳˣҪԼŮģȻˡ
˵ĻϲһӢۣҼɫˣҼ޸һ޻ڡŮɫᶨ
ϣŷܹܵɡ̾Ϣ
Ǻܰҵģ֪ҵ˼һǳƽˡ˵Ů¶һĨҸЦݡ
ŮЦˣҲһоһ˵İɣŷǴʥӣʥǲԸ⿴ŷģһܹȻġ

ԼοŮ΢һ㾫Цŵͷ֪ˣİɣҲ벻ģһܹʥĵӣҵķû˿κҵķ
Ůϣ¶һĨɫȻǶԹŷʮ㡣ð㶼һֳԴ׵ĸоҪ֪ǰŮΪݵˣǱˣȴ˹ŷˣʵɵе㲻ˬ


1171 
ȻȻҲеζվοԼŮ޵ϲˣõĽ
ϣŷܹȫ̾Ϣĺ壬Ҳ칬ֻ칬Ҳùܵؽ֮£ĺ߻ʵԶû칬һЩ顣ֻڰ֮󣬲Żܵ칬ϣȻ壬޷ϵġ
ԹŷһȥǼףһնûС
칬嫣֮ؽ磬Ҫ˲֪ٱùŷԾˣڣſһһԪгͣԲʮԪȫڡŷԾķ֣ΧԪ˲佫Ԫϡ
ŨԪһֵܹ½ĹЧŷ̲ס̾
ǰһɽգһͷʥޱȡŷ翴֥ҷ˱ǡ̲סԾʵ̫ˣֱߵá
ѹ칬ʵ֮ǿ󣬹ֻܹΪǿߡ
߸һ޶õӣŷɫЩԾ˵ֻ֮еĵ֪֮ͥʲôˡ
ŷɴ۾ȻҲ뵽ˣԲõĵطȴû뵽ﾹȻ֮ء
ŷﶼ֮صĻЩĺõطҪõʲôز޷
߰ɣȥµʮˣͷһñµôˡ߸ڣЩ졣
֪ԼЩ꣬Ƕ˶Ѽˡȥһô꣬Ȼδɹڲųɹ϶ҪЦˡ
뵽ŷݣ߸ҲȻˣҲܹŷǱͥ˵Ļܻ벻ŷء
ŷͷ߸֣ȴûзڹŷ˵õĶԼľʵ
ʱĹŷΪףǻûдﵽ壬ʱ䣬׵ȶԼľ磬ڳ۷״̬
ÿһ磬ŷ綼Ҫߵޣû⡣
ŷôڷܣ߸΢΢һ㶣Ȼ󰵰ͷŹκĻᣬǿҲһ⡣
Ƽ˲Ϣӹ޾ɽӡһսɻߴɣͿǵݣֻǸо˴Լ߸˹ȥݣǸ֪
ʱ䣬ͥģ̨ͤ¥ߣΰĹɢһΨҶơ
ĲϣȻȫɽţùŷԾͥҲ̫ԣˡЩϣóȥȻϹŴҪͷֻܳΪϣ˳Ծ˼㡣
õطŷ̾
ߵţ߸֣Ƕʱ¶ɫ
ͷͨһ˵߸عŷ磬ǰݼ𡣡߸ڣǱȽϿ
ֻΪ˸߰ɵӣԲһλǿӲ
ʵϣ߸ͥеѲ٣ཻĪ档
õģһ¡һڣ˽ȥǰȥͨŷһĸӦþǴ˵еħĽˣǵΪߣɣŷһֶֻܹѹ
ʵϹŷħĽʱħĽҲڴŹŷ磬ɫ档ͥе˶֪Ҫʥӣʮ궼û뵽һ߸Գ֣úܶ˺棬Ҫ֪ŷ絽һʲôӵˣܹ̫Ӷͷɲ
һ֮£ħĽµˣʱЩʧǿŷ粻һսɣûʲôĵط
еʧ߸˵λɲҪСʵĺǿܹսǿߡ
߸˵ʵħĽȻšһսɶѣսǿߣ߸ɵء
뵽ħ˵ͻῪЦɺ֮䣬ĺ蹵޷ԽοһսɣλȻǴʥĵӣҿΪȴˣҲûʲô˲ġ
Ҫ˵Ƿǳǿģ󡣡߸üЩõĺǳ
ħ¶һ˿ɫ൱Ͽ߸ĻҪ
ͬ飬Ȼħ뷨ϽħҡͷʾҪ˵ˡ
ħȴͲܣһƢħЦ˵ҪţҲǲԣҪóһ˵ʵ
ŷ粻ħ࣬ǸܵħԼĪĵ⡣ʱЩˬˣŷ綢ħ࣬Ц˵һл㣬㲻֤Լʵ
˻һħЦм˵ƾҲҪһлңֱЦĵԼǴʥ𣿡


1172 
ŷ翴һۣͻȻһЦ˵
ħ¶һĨɫôˣ˵ˣѵҰˣᶪʥˡ
Ҫ񡣡߸ǳ
ʱħȴǻԴһ߸ĺǳ⣬Ц˵̫ӣ񣬶Сʵ̫ˣ֮УܹһֻֻҵˣڴɾӦûܹ
ȻĿ˹ŷһۣӡ
ʵĲ㡣ŷҡͷ
ΪΣħһ㶣Цң
ǣֻǲ۸һɵơŷ棬˵
ħŭĿɭȻڹŷϣҪ֡
ŷɫ䣬վﲻǴĿˣҳ֣ѵǶԴ𣿡
˻һħɫ
˵ɫ̿֡
Һ˵飬ҾǶԴŷЦĮħ࣬û뵽㾹ȻԴѾҪıˡ
ıħˡ
ˣҪŻˣŵġ߸һ˵
ħɫ筺죬һҪƿڴʲôԼţ췴ͷԼϣٵĻǲɵء
ˣ߰ɡ߸ۼ⣬ħѾʱ˵
ȻҲ뿴ŷħĽŴսһ
ŷͷ߸˽ȥȻħ֪ͨǴټ
˲Уã˺ĹһΰӰǰΧλ˺ܶɼҡŷɨһۣһľĸо֪ΪʲôͥǿĴˡɼң󲿷־Ȼǿߣ΢һĶǴɾǿߡ
һӴݣɨϽ綼ˡҹŷ֪Щ˾Բͥȫʵкܶ񽫺ĵط
ͥжôǿûܹƳ֪ˣҲֻļˡ
ŷ磬˵ܾˡһ𣬹ŷŽĿͶȥ
һӰȴһվھϵĸоޱȣһ˫һֹڵϵĳ嶯
ɽµĴ֮һͳ磬Ȼɲ᲻ķͷ
еĵۡŷƲƲ죬е˵
Ļһ˵߸϶һ£һ˵ôô޷졣꼴ʹգʹ˵
Ҳһ㶣ҡͷʧЦ㵹һеɫСһѵͲɱ㡣
£㲻ҡŷ˵
ΪʲôµĶŹŷ磬˵֮Уû첻ɱˣκ˶ڡ
㲻ɱҡŷ絭ЦȻ壬ɫĲ
˶ӣΧɼһԴð亹ǱŷŵˣЩ˴ûм˸ʹ˵ʵеսǵޡ
ϴûй˲ɱˡڣɫ׵
ŷƲ죬˵úЩ˵ɣʲô顣
һ㶣û뵽ŷͻȻתƻ⣬пЦã޾û˸˵
û˵һӢվ˳Źŷ磬ʣ˶Ըʴ󲻾븸ʶ׼ն˴ⲡ
˭ŷʵ
˶ĳƺȻ֪ʲôݣֻǹװ֪ѡ
ˣ죬ΪһӡԷڣԼݡ
ԭǴ̫ӵ¡ŷЦ˵һⶼûС
߰İͷмɨ˹ŷһۣЦһսɶѣҲҸ񣬽
ɱʮ㣬ɫսףʱͷſµ⣬ÿһϢ·ܹѹ
㻹ɱҡŷҡͷ
Ϊڴ۷壬ʵҲǿ󣬵ȣȴûһơŷڿսһķϲʵƾˡ
ЦһһˣɱЦɫм
סڡ
ɫһǳ졣
ʡɫһϽ
ȥɣŷ飬֣Լڣȥ
ɫ˵һ׺ӵͷһ£ʱɫһݣԵ
ŷ磬˷ΪսۣӴƹܵؽ磬ɼûµĻȥɣ߸ŷȥĸۡͻȻ˵ϢʱҵЩɡ
սۣͥУܹ۵ģܹʹƽƽĴڡ


1173 ô
ʣŷεºܣܹսۣɫվ˳ԡ
ʵ췴ԣҲԣɫŹŷ磬͸Ĳм
ȻҲΪŷ粻Ϊսӡ
Щв񽫣Ϊ磬δۣһƾʲôǲ
˼һվ˳˲Ǳˣ̫׽ǡŹŷУһĨŹ֡
ŷһһУܵһֵ⡣
Ѿˣŷʥĵӣʥֱսʤĵӣս۲Ϊ˵˼ǳ
ʣҲսۣѹ˵ʵǸĻҪ͹ŷһս˵Ŀⶢڹŷϣս⡣
սۣķҪõΪݣʵ̫ˣ˵̫ӣȴ˼䲻һϾ˼̫ӣмλһ죬ĸףĴ𣬱ԪͲ죬ǲܼ̳λõġ
Ϊһ۾Ҫġ
ͥ۾ҪΪ۾ֻܴؽ⣬ڹŷΪؽĴۣͳûϣˡ
飬ΪԵġ
󲿷ֵɼң˼ǳĬֵȥͷ
㲻Ƕս۵Ķ֡ڣ쳣Ĳ
ŷ˵ɸһս
ŷûǽĿͶЦ˵ҪǴɣ𣿡
СӲᡣЦ˵
ŷٺһЦת죬ûУ㣬ĻҾͲˡ

ɫһ䣬˸Ž⣬ƾˡ
ǳȥ򡣡˵
ŷȴҡͷóȥһܹѹ㡣
ţɢһֿµϡɲĿЩȣڹŷϣǸܵһɿµսǿߡ
ʶһ㣬Щ˶һۣԷеľȡ
սۣȻģЩ˶ٿ죬һս
ȻҲܵŷԼѹɫ¶һĨţ΢΢ԥһ£ȳˡ
ɱ
ŭһ۳һѳǹݺݵŷŴ˹ȥ
ϡ
ŷָ֣˸ǹ˹ȥ

һ죬еĳǹͻȻ飬ϳΡ
ŷֶ죬㲻ҵĶ֡
ҲšЦɫŭһƬ׺ȫ˸һȣ׹ûɺˣȻԸǡ
ŷվ׵Լ壬˿ڹŷϣһɫס׵硣
ˡŷ˵ſһ׵类˸У˶Ŀɿڴ
Ȼ죬Щ޴룬û뵽ԼͨȻԹŷһöûС
㡣ŷ˵ŵ⣬Щ׵ȫ˻ȥ
ɫϽֿȻˣ˻ǺɳȥһĽڵĺۼ
ôܣ쾪һһ˿Ѫ
츺ˣŷδɱֻǵֶΣѾסˣ֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
̾Ϣһ֪
ûʲôܵģͬ޵Уսܹȣŷʵ
ŭɫ࣬ŭܣǿģҪ㣬Ҫɱ㡣
ױߣ죬ŷ֣׹£ȸղŻҪǿڲʱһ
΢΢üתƴסʮ
ŷ΢΢üһȭתɱ⣬ֱӱȥ
ۡ
屻룬ѪȾ񷡣
˻Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼĸҳ֣룬ѵΪϾô˵ҲĶӣ˵۰άǲܵġ
ԪŭХйתҪתԹŷ緢ŷȻûиᣬ֮£ֱӽԪнѹС
Ԫ岻ȥ˶Ǿùŷд鷳ˡ
Ŵ棬飬Ԫ浱һˡ
𣿡һУŷ罫Ŀת
ͷԼȴᶨؿڵ۲ʲôԺԴҪԼǸʱҲأлۣôСӡ


1174 ʹ
ŷ絭ЦԪ˳ڲԶ
ŭҪɱȥ
ס֡һĿ˹ŷһۣڻֹͣס˶
תվɫѿ
ףȻҲĶ֣ǲŷսۣͥôһսɶѣܹڣʵ
Ȼŷܣǲǿ˳ΪۣҲԸùŷΪۡ
սʤĵӣǳΪ֮ĵλĺˡ
жսʤ˭ܹҡŷĵλ˭ܶҡ
ղѾܣûʸ˵ˡ˵һ㶼Լӡ
ܶҲǿԹŷĸоʵ̫ˣΪ˹ŷ羹ȻѵԼĶӡ
Ҳûа취ϾܣʵѾһʵˣڸûʸ˵ЩʲôҪŷΪۣʵ̫ˣϣ
ɿ飿ɨɣʵ
û˸˵ʹԣҲ̬ȣһҪùŷۣȻ᲻ʶȤжû˵
¶ɫ˵ͷȻɼҶû飬ɣ߸Ŵȥĸۡ
ǡ
߸һ֣˹ŷһۣɫŹ֡
ʵ߸Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻΪۣͥѾ֮ˡȻŷʵȴ¡
ŷ絹ɫƽ߸뿪Ҳ뿪ŷлЩ˵еɼңΪʵϺͷûʲô𣬴󲿷ֶЩ׸ơ
ŷҲһѣֻҪǺкģһǸԷӣԲˡ칬ʵ̫ˣ˭Ҳ֪ĳһ֡
ֱ˶뿪֮߸ŷ˵ϲˣۣλãϿǺƽĴڰ
ŷɫŹ֣߸һۣΪôģ
˻һ߸΢΢һ㶡
֮ǰȻ˵죬Ϊ˴ҴУȴˣ⡣ŷ˵
߸סˣŷĻʵе󲻾
ҲЩɻҪڹŷ紫УԴ棬ȴ˸ı䣬߸⡣
ֹȴ˵ܶʲôͼİɣµġ
߸Ļŷû˵ֻȴߵľ衣
ǰУ·һƬۡŷһ۱㿴дŶʹ֡һ̲סʵ̫Ͼĵط
߸ͷϾʧѾܶˣѾãǿķػȻǿ߶ȥ
ɫЩȻȻҲطȴûгɹ
ȥŷ˵
ŷĻ߸΢΢һ㶣Ȼҡͷ˵Уʵ̫ˣɱ󣬵ҪȥˣʵҪȥĻˡ
û£Աķŷ˵
߸ȴҡͷֹŷ롣
ŷһվûм֡Խһ·̣һƴĹǰ档дŵؽ۸ۡ
һְɡ߸˵һӣһЩ棬ʱЩֱΡ
ս۸ֻ֣ȴ˰
߸ıʼʵɽУܹ߸ֵˣûСֻȼˣʸ
ŷܹۡ߸֣ˡ
л񡣡ŷҲһɵӣȻл
Ҿһʱദ߸ƢȻе㲻ãȴԲǲ飬һˣԵѡ
лң֮ͶѣֻҪ㲻⼸̫˾С߸ЦȻۣȴһְ˲ӡ
ҪҪȥŷʵ
߸һ㶣ҡͷʧЦ۸ΣһͯûУȥҲûʲôдҵģԺ˵ɡ
Ǻǡ
ŷȻҲ뵽һ㣬Щ˼
߸뿪ŷǽԼĸۡ濴ĸӴ󣬺ޱߣҶƳɵĹӲޱȡŷһ۷Ĵڣ޷
ŷתܿ㽫ۡˡһ뿪
¾߸֪ŷ뿪֮󣬱뿪ʹϹȥѽ֪ΪʲôŷһԤУԼڶʹУ϶ҵԼõĶ
ĵʹǰŷɨܹܵǰžգһֱ߹ŷ磬ǰУԲ¡
ŷһ


1175 ӷ
ˡ
Ĵգŷȣܵһ˼⣬ȴ޷
走
ŷ簵һҪȥŷȴķ֣ȻʵҲⲻ󷨡
ֲ˵ǿߣ޷ȥŷڵʵԿһˣȴ޷ƶֺ
ҲɽУƿִģҲֻ˰ɡ
ףСжĺÿ졣վȡ
칬֮У΢΢ָһ㣬ȴûеõκʾüͷֱ㡣
ŷܵѹʧʱȵķ֣ԼѾһƬɵ硣һƬޣֻвԶһƯдŶʹ֡
Ķʹŷ羪ȣ˹ȥٶʹһ˳֣һ
ŷ翴˵òʱ¶ȵɫ˲ǱˣȻӡǺЦŹŷ磬ùŷֱֹϼһﲻǷ˰ɡ
ô򡣡
ŷиһͷԴϱ㱻һ£ԼԴЩ𣬵ӡ
ǰʲôӵ绹úҲǲǣڶ֪ʲôʱܹ뿪ŷ粻˵ߣһҪ˵ĳ嶯
Ȼ֪Լ벻ϼһĶ֣϶Ǳֳָոս硣
ϽУӶʵ
ǺǣתǼһѡˣȻȤ㲻ҵ鷳ΪҶתǼһһ֪ӿڣ˵Ļùŷ羪ȡ
һ̣ŷףԲӣӦǵķ
ðɣҴ鷳ˣǰҽʲôŷʵ
ӲŹŷ磬ԼҪĺòã
ŷһ㶣Ȼһ룬ô£ӽԼԼġ
ðɣҳԼģǰԷҳȥ˰ɡŷ˵
Сҡͷ
ŷһۣЩ˵ǰô˵ҲˣȻ㶼֪϶ܹ쵽û˵ѣҳȥʲôģҲὫ˵ȥġ
ŷãӲԸ⽫ԼųȥΪԼ͸ȥ
˵ȥҲûйϵΪҾҪˡЦ˵
أȻֻһֻһ棬ȴܹģҲŲءŷƲ죬Щϼһﶼ߶߶ġڵùŷ뵽ǳǸ϶Ҳ˵Լһҵˣʵ͵һͿ
ȻǲǳԵңͲһˡЦе˵
ŷ糤ͣԼˡԵŷԼûôõθڡ
ֻһ㲻ÿйͷġЦ˵
ŷüɫʵΪʲô
Ҫ㷨֮󣬲ſԶһɱ١ӵ˵
˭Ҫɱңŷһо˸
졣
֣ûгŷϣһ̣һָоԷܲк⡣
Ϊʲôŷʡ
ΪʼԪצɽ磬Ǳߣгߣɱ⡣˵
ʼԪ飬飬ȻĴڡ
ڲڵɽУŷĿһ
Ȼڣȴѹɽ磬ʣǻɱһвϹصˣ̹ͬһ˵
̹ˣŷЩȵʵ
̹ŸΪ˵еڻж̹ŵϢŷ粢⡣֪̹ţпǻŵĻ档
֪һﴴ˵ɽ磬Ϊ˻ߣȴϮɱսȻʧˡ˵飬˽⣬Ҳࡣֻ֪Ҳ̹ʧˡ
ʼԪ˭𣿡ŷʵ
ǣûеô򵥣ֻҪ֪ʼԪ鲻磬ߣû˳ɻʵʱҲ֣ҪģǶɱ˵
ôŷӲҵˡ
ܼ򵥣ҡЦеġ
ùŷЦãһֻҪ˳ԵԼģ뷴ͻȻˣŷг
ŷҪ㿪ȴԼֱסˡֻĿӵûԼڡ
䡣
ŷԺը죬ڿһһûʶУŷ˫ֱȻ
ԭġ
ŷ̾΢΢һһһģһˣǰ棬ΩΩФ


1176 ʹ
һ壬ŷҲַţһûгϰɹֻܻһ
ڹŷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
оһӷʧҲʧˡ
ŷһʧ
ʹ⣬ƼǾȣ﷢˾ޱ䣬ɹڣǿϢз
ĿƣŶʹǶһʵҪڶʹһ˲䣬жúõĶ
ϾǶӵıչصطŲٵĺö
Щ˸ģʵӵķţһ壬ͨڶһͬǿԼս˵ͬ޵ˡ
貣ճϨ𣬹ڼʹ׳ɵǰһȿֺȥ
߸Ҳڳû壬ˡ
ôȥ꯳֣Ц⡣
һۣ߸ЦЩ˱̰ɱǣʦĶʹôýġ
꯵ͷͬˡ
뿪㹻ľ룬һЩˣʱЩԥв̸ˣ뿪
󲿷ֵȴûʶһ㣬Ǵ֣Ҫһȥ
üͻȻһΣͻȻãˡ
ʶĸȥ߸ǵһʱ䣬жԶ뿪Զ
ڴʱԭڳŵĶʹͻȻâµǵأ֮䡣
ɺȻǸܵһֿµĻԻǡ
ǼУͣĺˣҪһɿµסǵΣֻмΪ߳˲ǿĳ˳ȥ
ʹȫȥЩԭصɺ
䣬貵һжڣֻлЩˣȴѾʧˡ
𣬾ԵЩӳȥһɫ԰ףղһ㣬Ҳ³
ǿҲŵȣӣΪ֡
죬ʦ׸ʲô飿꯺߸һۣ˶ԷеĺȻԲɱЩˣӦڵȴĳڣֻǲ֪ʲô⣬󷨲ⷢġ侲˵
Ϊܷһʲô߸ʵ
ǱĻ϶ԾҪ֪߸Ѿǿˣȴ˵ΪȻⲻϳ
ҡͷɫص˵漰һЩ֮أҵʵҲ޷²Ҫ֪ȥҴʥɣ֪һЩ
ʥǼһƿʵȴʵĺأҪĿ֪һЩ飬ֱȵ컹ѡ߸Ц˽յˣӲزס˽յ˲֪ʵϾԲǱϵꡣ
һڱˣܹΪ۷˵ǵɽǿ֮һ
⵹ǣǸЩ˭Ҳ֪Щʲô϶ҪģΪֻгܹɻʣܹΪʦ𡣡˵ͻȻɫ΢䣬ֱӱˡ
߸ɫҲЩÿЩ飬Բ˵ȻĻиУ˾쵽Ҳⲻ鷳
ɽ磬Ǳļ򵥡
ˣЩ飬ܹ۵ģǻǹܺԼоˡ꯵˵
Ȼֻд۷Ϊ˵ƣȴоҪǿҪѹԡ
߸ͷ˵
ʹʧһ˵δЩҶһٵǿľ꯵дһĨм
ղ꯵һѣǶҪһܲ
лǴɣ񣬷ǳĹ
꯵ͷ˵飬챨ǻȥɡ
ǡ
ЩǿΪϵλߣһսȻ߸ѾΪǿߣһб񽫣ȴûλõ뷨
иսꯣտһս˵ϣǸ񽫱ɱȻԡѪվʤˡ
һ񽫣б񽫣ս񣬲һǱɱ䡣
꯵ȻȴҪǿĶࡣ
Ҳǡ߸ڣ뿪
Ŀ˸һ˶뿪֮һս۸ȥȻ˶ս۸ǰ
ۡ˵
һ̣ű򿪣ŷһ߳꯵ʱ̲ס̾ˣȴû뵽δ


1177 ͬ
ڶʹٵ֮ǰŷѾ˳ԼϢıͬΧϢһˣֻһꯣ١
۽֣֪۵ϢҪꯣǲܵġ˵ɨΧһۣ˵۲꯽ȥһ𣿡
롣ŷ·
˽˶ս۵ĸۡУŷ´ꯣȴȵķ֣ϵϢɲˡȻֳģһɣǹŷȴϣܵһһ޷󼰵Ŀս
ʦ𵽵Ҫʲô飿븮ۡУһͤм䣬꯿ʵо˸ܹ˵һ
ŷ粢о֣Լ֣صʵǲ²ⲻԼ磬Ǿˡ
磬ͽģʦҪ飬ȥɡŷ˵ԼҪʲôŷȴû˵
ȻŷãֵΣǱϾǴһߵˣ˵
˵زŷоԼѾǵˡ
֪ǺҪʲôˣôǣҪҲЩɱо˸
ŷֻǳԼ²յĴˣǣƿ¡ʵϣɽǿߣֻҪһҶܹ³Էͼ
飬ǧҪ˵ȥˣ֮ͥУû˿ȫΣȻҳ⡣˵
Ϊʲô⣿ŷ練ʡ
Ǻӣͬʦֵܣף꯴Ц
ôܣŷЩԾоš
ǵŻǲ̵ӣôΪյͬʦֵܣڹŷ翴꯼ֱڳء
ʮ䣬ϰ˾ʦ棬ϧʦڣҲ֪ˣǳ磬ҺǺӣͬʦֵܣȷʵһʵŵĻȥǸӡǺЦ
Ǿ˵ҵʦˣŷƣôֳһ
ʦ㲻ϣȻͬʦֵܣʦѾʦţǵˣҵƾСЦ˵νı֣Ǻ⡣
ŷٺһЦҲû˵ͬ⣬Ҳû˵ͬ⡣
ˣԺʲôΣգңȻ֣Ҷܹסһŵ˵
лˡŷл
֪ŵ׶мֵ֣ܹסԼһֻҲֻ꯸˵
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ뿪
ŷһĿܹǧһͶңԶķɽ£е˷룬˭ǵˣ˭ѣ֪
ܹŵˣֻպŮˡ
ˣˮڣгɾʱȻߣҲɱҡŷš
ղԽ״սʣǲʾŷԼܹ漣ġ
£֮Լ壬ʼ
ŷڷ⣬ÿһѪ⣬̺޷ԲǧԪûŷУеһ֡
칬Ȼĺõط
ŷľ硣һУһȺŮ߿ࡣ
㣬ǲ֪ǸŷǶôĿɶһ㽫һɱѪȾԪ񶼲һ㱻ˡί˵
ȺŮӣһˣǾˡĻɫдһĨŭɫ߳ŷʵǵΪΪΪۣܹΪΪ˺ʵܣù
Уλǧ֣ܳǸŷʵˣȻֻһսɣǾʵǿߣǴݣǳ֣ίʵװϽ˵ʲôЦЩȻǱҲǿȥȻ߸һϣҲδǹŷĶ֡
ǸΣŮʵһƣøնǸŷ硣һת˵һΪѵӣ˵ƲߣҪίһˡ
ʲôƲߣʵ
˵ԼļƲߣʱ߸ɫͨ졣ǰһۣû˵ܵܣǴѩıƣȻýɫǸŷ磬ʵ̫ˡȲ˵
λǧҪᣬûǸ˼ֻҪݺʱֻҪĸֹ֣ŷΪˣˣĸԲŹġϽ͵
ɲԼڼеӡ仵ˣĻԺҪ£ûˡ
Ҳһ⣬ðɣʹһΡŮ˼һնͬ⡣


1178 Ů
ͬ⣬ʱ¶ϲɫ˵ȥ顣˾һ֮뿪
΢΢ü˵ܵ˺öࡣ
ûа취棬ͷ̫ӲһҲ֪ܵҪΪһۣȴ˶ˣܹģǾͰܵһΣԸɡЦ˵
ϣʲôõĺǹŷıɱĻ˴ʥЩǡ
ͷİɣʥǸˣӣԼĵΪˣֵܸǵϡЦ˵
ǧҪùŷ类ɱˣȻĻ޹Ľһ˵ԼϣվһָСӶˡ
֪ˡӸϽ˵
ŵͷ΢΢̾ϢһԲ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ĵǺãȴûıĸ飬ŷҪܻǲء
ۣλ롣һ͵˹ŷУһԼеŷЩ˵Ů
˳ƺǹġǸ˵ͷ϶˹ŷĻ
߹ŷһḰԼġŷ絭һЦ
ǡǸ뿪
ŷ翴Ǹ뿪ıӰһĨЦ
һߣ
Ǹˣ뿪֮󣬺ܿͼһˣ˲Ǳˣ졣
̫ӣѾˡǸ˵ɫ
ãȥɡһЦ˸
Ǹ뿪ս۸ۡЦŷ磬Ҫ
뿪뿪֮һӰ֣뿪ķ΢΢ҡͷ
޺硣ܣȻʧ칬С
ŷ꯵Ĵ΢΢һȻһĺõطȻʤȡ֮Թŷÿһ죬ҪȹԲ˷ʱ䡣
գŷתѣһ̤߳ս۸ȥᡣ
ŮԼסһ칬ʥƽû˻ӽ𲻺õ⡣ĸԼ߸ŮĲˣκ졣
ŷȻ֪һ㣬Ҿ֪ˣҲһںʥԥĴš
һᣬűƿһ˳ŷ翴̲֮ס۾һһŮǣȻŮӣò
ӡŷ繰֡
Ƕս۰ɣȻӢ꣬ӿ˹ŷһۣ뵽ԼҪ飬ʱɫЩ졣
лӿ佱˹ŷĻ¼ңˣҲʵټŷЦ˵
Ӷʱһ㶣û뵽ŷḡһ棬˵Ļʱ̲סĴҡ
еˣȻ˵ȺЩ˵
һεĸоԼҪ˹ŷ磬ڣӵûĸоǹŷ˵ĻǺҲΣΪ칬ˡ
ϾһԼҵϷĵͽӣͥУȻͥĸ
ôǺأûмޣȻѾȢˣȢһҲûʲôġŷЦ˵ḡЦݣĲͣߡ
ҪȢСϵĻףͬĻСϻͦԸ޸۵ġһŮӳ֣ǺӡΪŮеϴ󣬳أŮҪǿĶˡ
ڲϲˡǾú㳤ò޸ҵС檰ɡŷЦ˵
ŷ糶Լϣһ˿ŭɫ漴ָ˵͵ĻȢеĽãҲ޷ġ
⵹һ⣬ʱҪʹúһ¡ŷ˵ӣЦ˵
ЦܻĹС
˳ҲŷĻ쳣
ۻɡվ˳һ
ŷͷ˽л֮䣬ˣħΧԻŷĤݣüģһСˣǹŻʽΨҶ
Ů𾪵Ķһۣ֪ŷչԼʵֻʵίʵˣµ˼㣬Щ۷Ĵڣܵһɹѹ
սۣƺʵ
Ƿֱ֥Һŷ翴ЩһۣͻȻüо⣬ʲôᣬλ׼ĶҲʵ̫˰ɣɫ΢΢Щżˡ


1179 
һ㶣Ҫ⣬Ǵû칬֮Уľ֥дˣõЩҺ֥ɡ
ڳ⣬ǴûȻҲû칬⡣
˵Цˣ칬ʳЦЩǿͻȻãԼļƻҲʧҲ˵ŷ粢ԼеôöԸ
ŷ絭һЦָָԶɺףЦе˵ǲֻʼÿ˳ˡ
ͷɺȻͨԣŷĻֱ֮ӳʧˡ
Ƿ̲סҡͷһֱۣһҰһȤûС
ÿϧҰץλӳԣŷʵ
˸ϽҡͷЩǿЦЦ˵Цˣֻɺĸϲĳɱǣ̫ʡ
ӵĻŷҡͷЩϧ˵ĸؿζȻϲʼ
ɫڣѾ˵ɺףŷ羹ȻһһʼֱҪǡ
ˣȻλûʳֻԱˡŷЩƵ˵
ں˼ŷ绰˼ʱ򣬱ŷͳһʬ壬ڳС
ǷܵͷϵϢ˵Ҳ֪һµǿߣǱҲ˶١
ȻλûзʼҾԼ׼ˡŷЦе˵նĴϵһ⣬ִһ棬ƯȻŷ㣬ǿ˹ȥڻտ
ʱһ㴫˾һ
ŮȫһڿˮǲǴС󣬴ûгԹʳȫ֥û뵽ʳȻ㡣
⣬λӽøŷ̾ʹûеϣҲȻ
ڻտ֮£һʱˣŷֱӽֳɰ˷ݣŮÿһݡ
λ볢һ¡ŷЦ롣
ŮǷǳ㣬ǴδԹʳǳԴ⣬Щ²˾
óԡ
ŷҧһڣ磬ȫб֥ζüȫ̲סһڿˮ
һĻŷ͵Цȴһ˵ӣ롣
һڿˮջС϶̲סùһ⣬ȻУҧһ¿ڡ
϶۾һóԣȻٴҧһڡӣļҲ̲סͬʼҧȥ
һ˲䣬۾Ҫִ֪ûгԹˣͻȻ⣬𺳣޷ġ
⣬Խôóԡһ󶼲ˣԵ͡
ȵҺܡŷ绵ЦһɱȻŮԼȺһڡ
ŮȻԼҹŷĿģѧŹŷ磬˾ƺȡҺˣܺĶ
һ¶ǣŮɫͨ죬ǶᣬȫȻû֮ǰ󡣹ŷ絭һЦ廯飬ʧ
ãȴļ죬һӺݻ˽̬ϣһ˫ܹǧ硣
һصŮ֮ʱɫһȵǶʲôѹ
ŮĶУֱӴӻ˯˹ԼʱǳһȻû뵽Լôͳˡ
ô£ʵ̬ϣĸ£һ޷Զ˲ֱӡ
칬У˺ǳŮֻһˣǾĸӣŮĸ
ĸ󡣡ŮϽǶһۣܹԷеԻԼôͻȻˡ
ǳ˼ղŷ飬ʶԼʲô顣
Ϊ칬Ȼʧ̬칬ڣˡĸĺǳ⡣
һ˴߳վĸǰ
ÿʮĸޱ飬˵һ
˶ԾҲˣϽվ˳ĸĸ벻Ҫ𱸽ǣҿֻкˣԲŻģԼġ
첻ò߸㿪ѣȻ֪ʲô飬ҲܹµԼҪ˲ɣŮȴŷˡ
ȻܷԲġ
ߣֻһΣ´ٷϴĸ˵߸ŮһۣȻת뿪
һ˶һۣܹԷеҡ
Ҳ˺һۼĸ뿪Ͻʵǣ׷ʲô飬Ǹղôˣ
ǲ⣬õļƲߣôŮǱ˾һ


1180 
⣬ӹӣŭǸŷʵ̫ƻˡ
첻⣬ѵŷѾ쵽ǵĵ⣬ǲӦð
϶ʩչʲôƻǳ⣬ȻƻǺȾƣǺ֮󣬱뿪ͳˡӼԹ
⣿췢㶣Ƕ칬Ӧûаɡ
ֻɺףֻɺ˵˷ʼҲ˵ŷġС
һһ䣬ŷ˵һʮĴ󻵵ЦáѾ϶ŷ϶Ǿ쵽һЩʲô飬ԲŻ顣
̾ϢӦԼļ㶯֣ʵ̫ˣȻһ㣬ŷȣͲǲ֪жˡ
޷Ժǻ鷳ġеʧ䣬ӸϽ˵
ȴüͷ˵ܵܣҾûǲҪŷ˱ȽϺá
΢΢һ㶣¶ɻɫ
򵥣һּΣյĸоǶ֣ܲá˵
ǸǴɱңЦ˵
ҡͷ˵ֻǵǸǴ𣬵ȴ˹ŷʦ˭
ʥ뵽ƺгء
ɽ֮Уڵ׵˲࣬ʥеһᵽգҲ쳣ͷۣԸǡ
˵ŷʵҪɱ˵ŭʥʱʥ֣ȻǸףҲδܾȵ㡣侲˵
ҲġҧгݣɫЩ
ߵߣļ̾Ϣ̫ͥӣʵϵλЩ۲ûвҪΪһͷԼֵ𣿡
ֵá
ԥ˵
ӿЦѾûʲô˵ˡ
Ȼֵã˵ʲôûôԺ·Լ߳ģʲôӵĽҲͿԼ컯ˡ
λ㣬飬ǾͲҪˣŷƻܹԸģԼԸˡ˵
Уһʲôô죿ӸϽ˵
ģİɡ
ŵ˵ɨ˼һۣȻ뿪
һֲõԤСüͷЩǡ
ļӣһı顣ǶһۣԷеһĨɫ
ս۸ۡУٴδµԲǧԪɹȥٴɺֶܵݣǺȻĶһۣһܹĶŷʵ̫ˡ
սۣɲ⡣һڣг˾̾
ҵһսδܹսʤ֮һսɣȻսĲ֪ǽɾ֮󣬻ʲôӵı֡
칬еǿۣԹŷһУΪȤ
ŷ粻֪ԼѾΪ칬ĽˣȻЩԪϷ⣬֣ͨڻͨϵϢҲԵӵĿˡ
һ꣬ŷ˫쳤ХһѪԲʮɽӱ顣ŷһ̤һ̣ɽӸԭǴδһ
ŷ棬ŷ΢΢񣬵𡣡
ŷ磬к£ʵ
ġŷ絭˵
۾΢΢һУ˵Ϊθ𣿡
нޣҪȥŷЦ˵һ㶼ɻһ㣬ֱӸߴңˡ
ɼĿɿڴǿЦãʵϵɽһŮ磬˵飬һͿЦ顣
ҲЩЦãҡҡͷ㲻ܻȥҪȥ
ŷһ֪ˣԴ֪צʱ򣬹ŷ֪ԷҪԼֻ֡û뵽ǣΪ칬𣬾Ȼ̵ܹڲų֡
ȥŷʵ
⡣
˵˻һǻһ
ǿɲһõطаħĻ֮أһֱ͵ɽţǵɽĵˡ
ȥɱаħŷɫŹ֣ƹܵؽĴۣ쾹Ȼȥ⣬е˵ȥ
ǣǲμһȶ칬ԼһαǨԼǧǿߣμӱɱ޵еˣĹھ˵
ŷ羪ȣû˵顣
ʵϲŷû˵ʹڳɣļˣҲû˵֪ǼˣɫЩȣΪʲôҪ˵
Ҫ֪ÿһ죬ǰѡˣȥǺͲЩ֮⣬֪


1181 
ΪʲôҪȥŷɫ죬飬һ۳ʵǲʰɡ
ҪᣬԼսһоͽͨˡ
Ǹطֻܽɾǿߣ֮޵УҪȥΪǵɽȡùھ˵
˵޷Ϊһ𣿡ŷʡ
ȥʲôʲӵ⣬аħڶ࣬Ȼûл߾ĸ֣һЩ۷ߣҲΪ¡
ŷͲˣܹɽ磬ȱ۷
ǸǿߣʹŷҪǵеô򵥡
ǵɽ磬Ѿʮˣɽɣƽ͵Ļɵģаħһֱɱгɳͬĸ֣˼֮⣬ǲǵĶ֡˵
ǵɽȱ㣬Ļʵ̫ˡȱѪĥ£ɳߣս˵ǿ
սһɷϣܹԹɱǿߺ飬Զս۵ֶκʵһεĹھӦòʲô¡˵
ɱ飬˶ȻĶһۣôһħڵɽУ꯺߸޵ս֮⣬˭ܹ
ֲùŷǿƣ³ɳǿߣѱģ˳ͬǵˡ
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿ŷʵ
֪ԼòμˣΪ칬ĴۣǹŷΣпЦ϶ƺһУھǲӦˡ
ǹŷ粻Ӧᱻų򣬸ܹĽڣʱ֣ɱŷ磬¾ն˵ʲô
յϼһŷзֹ
ԴڴиԼͷԼƭ칬֮ϣԼۣ˭뵽ʵҪɱԼ
ʮ꣬أԶս۵ʵӦܹڰ֮Ц˵
ŷֹҲпԶ
ãȥ
ŷͷڴӦûа취Ӧˣ˵ϣŷǲӦǾõɽİΣˡ
Ǵ塣̾
ãŷֹ˵Ҫȥ׼һ£ʲôʱ֪ͨҾˡ
ŷת뿪Ҳûе˵ʵ֮ĵλȵģŷҲ㲻ʲô౻˵ûò
Źŷ뿪ıӰ¶һĨЦݣϢû˿߸ȴ΢΢һһֱڹ۲ı飬ȻЦݣһ֪á
ҪԸŷ硣ɻ󣬽ŷ뵽칬ǴľȻҪɱ˹ŷ硣
һ֮߸аһãǹŷʲôĻǼһԻԼ
뵽߸һ¾ԸǸĺӡ
ŷһֹһὫϢ߹ŷ磬СģǧҪ⡣
⣬ǺǡŷЦ
ǴȥһˣɱҲĿŴĶ֣һԲ
ҪɱԼԻڱʱ֡
ǧǿߣŷЦ֪жˣҪɱԼġ
ۡ
һᣬ߸
ŷͷû˵
ɱ⣬ǧҪСġ߸ʶ˵ǿߣһڣиУᱻһЩ䣬¼Ȼؼ¼仰һϤʱԲ˶ߡ
Ѿ֪ˣİɣҲµġŷ˵Щм߸㲻Ϥһͻ߸ܹԼţѾ御ˡ
СģʵڲУȥʦȻǿƣȴκβʦ߸Ȼ뿪±ɡ
ŷһЦɱңôף죬ӵšŷЦзݡ
ڵˣŷ֪ʲôˡȵΪﵽɱ۷ʱ򣬹ŷ϶֣졣
߽ս۸ۡһ̧ۣԺ֮󣬶ʱЩ⣬˲Ǳˣա
ͽþòˣʦûУЦʵ
롣ŷʵ˵ֻŮôȥգŷһˣԶһȻûио
Ͳ˵Щûʦҿһ㣬ʦһ칬ͺöҡͷһʧӡ
ӻͳһ«ŷ˹ȥˡ


1182 챦
ƣŷ۾һû뵽ôͽƸˡ͵ͥи
ŷӵУЦ˵лʦ
лңҲ㻻ģˣǸϼһûд㷨ţտ˹ŷһۣüͷ
յĻŷֹ
˵޷һʱף϶Ƿʲô飬ȻĻŷ粻ԥ
ǴʼԪˡŷ˵
˻һڵһվ˸ž⣬˵ģ
ҲȷǶʹӷҵģ˵ǴʼԪˣһҪɱҡŷ˵
ϼһصĺŭ
ʦӦô죿ŷʵ
ʼԪ飬Ѿˣ֪ȡԵǲõǣߣ˳ɻʵĻǸͲܣҪо˸
ŷ粻˵֪ջġ
ǲȥˣʵ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼͷû뵽飬Ȼա
һ赶ɱˣ϶Ѿ֪ݣԲŻľҪȥ⣬ʮüͷһ塣
ǰң϶ġŷЦ˵
ѵһ
ŷͷһһģһˣ߳Ȼǹŷӡ
һ壬ѧվ̾ķȫһķȻҲսǲ̫ǿһȴһڶһԼӵźͱһս
ŷͷղλӦѾʼƻˡ
ĻȥãԷ·ڰٺòˡվϲ˵
ŷȴҡͷҪμӵģʦڣҾͲȥˡ
֮ǰŷ絣ԼߵĻᱻ췢֣ǾͲһˣյʵԴ֪뿪Ȼ֣õģǲԸͻġ
⣬ŷֱӷȥ˵һ嶼ûУͲں
Ϊβȥо˸
ŷһ㶣֪ʲô˼
ѡһսйŻսҲܹѰԵ㻹ȥıȽϺá³һϢ
ùŷ羪ȣŻսǻսĵط
ŷʵ˵ԵĻһ
ȴҡͷ˵ʲôҪһЩ챦ܹԵɺ֮£õһҵʵԦܹһʡ
챦ʲô
һȻıоĲϣҲг͵ķǳǿ󣬴˵Щ챦֮⣬֮Գ֣Ϊ˿ġΪŷ͡
죬ŷһ֪ȻҲֻȻеһ֣ν챦Ȼ죬ܽµʲôزֱû
յõһܿ޵еĻʣŷĲ
ս챦ŷѯʡ
յͷЦ˵ǿŻսһ䣬пµɱһнˡ
ԭŷĵͷҪȥ⡣
ãעⰲȫڹŻս㣬ס챦õõҪҪһҪ֤ȫɫء
֪챦Ŀ£ֶȻԣҲɫӲ
á
ŷͷ
ˣʦʧˣģʱҿ϶֡˵һʧ
챦ŷһᾡԼŬõ챦
򣬻ɽϮɱǸ͵סֻ챦ܹΪǵ̣ѻߵĻɱ
ʼ
ʮ֮ŷ
ǧ֣ȫս⣬վŷʱ򣬲¶ԾԾԵɫ
ŷΪսۣѾɽ磬Ȼ˲Լȹŷս۲Ҫսȡλá
ŷһֱûгս۸Ҳûа취ڼʱм̲ס
һ׳˳ͷнǣȻ࣬ʱһ˫Ӷڹŷϣ˵սۣԸһս
ʤ֮һսŷ絭˵
ۣαһսֻҪ֪Լʹ֮Ĳж󣬺ܹԼĲ㡣Ǹ׳Ц
ŷ翴һۣ˵ңصĲ𡣡
׳ЦݽʧĿڹŷϣ۲Լ̫һ𣿡


1183 
ŷɨһۣ˵ߵǧ֮Уۡ
㡭ŭһֱĸоŷΪջӱȱء
Ҫȡ衣ŷ翪ڣޱ顣
ΪԼս֮޵𣿾ȻҵȷУһսô֪ʲô֡һ߰꣬ϲһߡ
սĳԱˣɳ쳣¡ڴ۷壬ʵǿǧУҲġ
ҵָɱ㡣ŷЦ
֡սԱЦ
ŷһƳȥѪģֱ˭Ҳû뵽ŷͻȻ֣˺һɸ֣˵ɱɱ
Ǹ׳ͣŷԼ֮ӣ˵ֱվ˶С
ŷǿƣľʱףʲôˡͬŷ˵ģȣŷ졣
ȥɹŷȴв֣ǲϵɡ
𾪵Ŀ˹ŷһۣڹŷϣǸܵһ˿ǵս
һսɣӵսǶһۣԷеľ
ңң񣬺͹ŷкǵλʵŷ綼ֵ
ŷͷɫȻĮ˵Ȼһ۵ϡ
ԽԷԽСǿߣһǰ

һǳ
һ磬ɽʵȴڵɽһ֡ȫǺɫĴأʬǱأǸոճ֣ܵ˹аħ£չ˾ɱ
ŷ羪ȵķ֣ЩаħΪߣɾ磬Ǳֳսȴ֮ɽν콾Ҫǿϲ١
Ǽаħע磬Ǹûп壬ȻûʶﾹȻǧɽǿߡǷ֮ѾˣЩ˳֣µֱӺǡ
߰аħ쳣ǿ󣬵һȫ飬ɢ֮䡣
ǧǿߣһ֣Ӳο߰ɾаħǸ͵ס
ʹ֣һɽ㲻μˡӵ쳤ХںĴضʼڰаħֱɱһѪ
軣ϹʲôŲٺĻ߲⡣гһɫս׵ӣɢȾѪһսɨֱɱ˹ȥ
ҹȥŭһֻĳȥսײһ𣬷軺һɫ信
ˣ΢΢Щ⣬û뵽ô겻ʵнˣҴսٻغϡ
һŷӣĿƵĶڗ軵ϣս⡣
ֵһսˡʣµվ˳ɫ
ԼıӣɫЩƣɨǿһۣͻȻаЦȷҪԶ٣
ǻûзӦʱ򣬳ƬƬǿ֣߳ǻԡѪðź⣬˱
Щǿߣ̬ĶУеΣ強ѹƬ񷡣ҲеΣ׺ݵĳ̶ȣȴ˿Щεаħ
ΨһĹͬ㣬۾Ѫ죬ʱҪ˶һ
˻μӱǧˣȫһǺȻĶһۣ˶ܹԷеĻš
аħ𣿺ľ
̫ǿˡ˵
ŷҲЩȣЩаħȫսһɱ죬ȫƲӣԶԣЩˣһȺС
ģ⻹񡣡ŷа
ΪʲôɽһֱˣҪɽ粻䣬ǲءǵɽаħ̫ǿˣȫǴѪɱ¾гɳǿߡ
ǧˣ¶ŵɫЦɫдһĨĵɨЩˡ
һεıʤѷ֣ɽˣȻһһˡЦ˵ɫ߰˲м
û˵ΪޣǴʱȴҲɽЩˣûа취аħİս֮ʦȡ
ӮĻֻǸˣ뵽軽Ŀɨ˹ŷһ¡
ŷȻח軵˼΢΢ͷǻӦ˗軡
ˣϻҪ˵ˣսɡɫĮҪҲö˵ˡʵﲻ˵ٶĻҲȡ衣
ȻôȥȻҲԣսЦ


1184 
һû˵ʽǿʹҲûа취
ӻУͳһȱƣа֣ڳǿֻǿһۣоǱɽѹһҪ
ŷһ־еϢתѪҪһ¡
һȥŷкȵѹԼĻѪ¶κ
ŷȴû뿪Ǹƣ棬ܵй֮ߵϢ쳣硣
Ҳͳһƣͬаػ֣Ʒ⣬һһ߸գµ˼㡣
˶ĤȥֻмĴǿߺǿվҲͷֱӻ֡
޵Уײã棬Ϣܹǿ߶ס
һϵѹ޷޷Խ
˶ûз֣ŷʵ̧ͷģڻѪ𶯣Ȼԣȴסѹ
ǻʵ֮ĶԿǻѪԴеĻʵ϶Կ
־貣ŷҲͻȻýɢһֿµϣһŻʸ
ħĤݣһŻüоˡ
ŹΣ֮һ棬Ҫֳһ¡ŷڻѪԵޱȣȻĻʣȴŻߵİ֮ϳһ쵶ֱ¡
𶯣ַ⣬һתâ
䣡
𶯣һضΪҽŷһѪҲɨһ⣬˶˽ȥ
ŷҲܵһɿµԼסȻӽһİС
ѹʱ򣬷ΧĻѾһƬɵ磬һƬ˥ܣȱĩպһ㡣
ǣսŷ羪ȣҿһۣȴȵķ֣ԼҶˣǧǿ߼ǧаħȫ֪͵ȥ

ʣһĨѪ⸡֣һ䣬Ѫʣͬδһ񷡣һаħЦͷޱȣһͷ­Ȼֱ˿У׽Ѫܵӣ˿ļֱҪŻ
ŷ΢΢üаħʵ̫ˣһ̤ԷǰȻһֻ˳ȥаħϡ
ͷаħը飬
ɱ
һͷµаħɣһͷʨӣȴͷգաǿޱȣ˻£飬ضڳݡ
ŷ֣һȭֻظ֣ɱ
ͷаħŭ˻𣬼⣬ҪסŷĹ
ۡ
һĨѪէ֣аħ飬ѪȾ񷡣
ŷһɽڽʧ
ɽаħ֮ѪޱȣǧǿɱǷֲںܶطվһҪչս
ֻһյʱ䣬ɽеĴɣ㱻ɱ֮һǧɻ̻̲գֻʣǧˣǱѡ
аħֻһǺޱȣǧѹŴ
ɽķϲģҪһʤƾҲ䣿аħХХأɨΧ˲м
ҳ֣ɱȫ˭һսһͷаħڷ磬۾Ѫ죬ޱȡ
ЩɽĴɫѿǶһۣڶԷϣһս
սۺڣдʵ
֪һɱаħȻʧˡһɻش뵽ԶԶĹŷǿƣо̾
ɱаħƺţԲ㺰ġ
дڣǺαηǣֱɱȥˣս춯أܹŤתս֡ܶ˵
ҲɫмȻȹŷ羹Ȼɱаħȴ⣬Цڹŷ֣ûʲôڴ
ɱ
ǵľۼر֣һȺаħɱ߰ٶˣЩ˶ʱͷƤ飬Ƕһۣתܡ
ҪӭսĴɣʱҲɫתߣôаħӲƴ
ھƵ£Ⱥɽǿߣ׷ͬɥ֮Ȯ
ʲôƨɽ磬һȺϲģɱһаħ˷ܵغ飬йһɣֱһ̵ˡ
սתһս³ȴǳãֱӱɱ
ǾַϲģһͰʱ䣬ǾܹǽҪ¼ˡЩаħЦ
ǧǿߣ߰ٶаħ׷·µţɫ֣̿ɫ
ۣǻɱЩаħͻȻһ˴󺰣ŷ
սۣǴˣԭ£Ը׷ۣӣֻܹɱС˴󺰵ıƼˡ


1185 ޵
ԣŷǲ֣ǱȻǧˣΪҲڶԷǾԵסôаħ׷ɱ
ʲôƨսۣû˵Ǹҳ֣һצһͷаޣޱȣ壬ȴһ쳣µĸо
ײޱȣЩˡ
ƨսΪԷΪۣΪʥĵӣǰһƨҷšһɺǳ⣬쳣ǿޱȣɱаħվƵһ㱻ûӴ
ĿɨɣŭȶǵС󱲣аħ㽫ɱǱӣֱǵɽ档
սҵȲаħƴ̫ˣǲǶ֡һ˵ɫ̿֡
ϲġ
սЦ𶯣ָʢȻٴͣסչɱ
һͷаħشսҲһһ䡣
һѪȥȻ쳤Х붷սۣҵȴˣԵɽΪأȻ˵ЩҲҪһ붷սʤ氡
ڷ𶯣ս
սУһĨѪɫͻȻһȺаħг˹ȥֺ£𾪣ٴͣһĨѪɫ
ͷǿаħվ˳Цս֣Ҫɱս
ڴʱһµӰ֣Ѫ󣬸վھ֮ϣһֻ£飬ӿͷаħ档ǿǸ˵ӣٴ̲סսۡ
˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
һֻ£ͷаħŭǼ⡣
ۡ
֮䱬ѪɫǼͷаħɱѪȾ񷡣
ŷһ̤սǰɨЩаħ̲ס˼һɱ֮ǿļλʵƾ
սдɴ󺰡
޵С
ܶɣɫ˷ܣŹŷ磬˸˷ܳݵɫ
ۡ
ս˷ܵĺһĿȡ
ܺáŷͷĿɨɣһֱǣȴδ֣֪ΪΣ
ɾȣɫг˲⡣Щ˷ŭŹŷ磬̫ˣȻĿԼһȺ˱ɱ
Ҳ֣ҲһȺųһֱĻҵǹ¾սʡıۡŷĮ˵
˻һЩ¶ɫǾԼʵ̫ˡ
̫ǿˣǸͲǶ֡һ˵Ŀһ˿µɫ
һĨмЦݣŷЦʵ֪ʲôŽǿ𣿡
ǸҡͷŹŷ硣
ǿ󡣡ŷͻȻ֣ٻ罣һնаħҽУ
ɸߺŷг˳ݡ
ʱǲŷ֣ԭޱǿаħʵϲǲսʤġ
ɽһǿһѹסԼĿ־壬ȥսǲսʤǣҪԼʵǲŷ˵
ʵϣҲʵ顣аħȻ׺ݣû̫ĵرǵɽһÿһɣοޱȣ֮һһʵ˭Ҳ˭
ս˵ĶԣǲǲսĿȣ
ͻȻҲ֣ȣأһаħķѣԪ񶼲һˡ
һĻЩʱѪǵĴɱ
ǧɽǿߣѪԣ׿η塣ȫ֣ɱаħ
һգɱȥиͨȫܿ£еаħЩаħɫһϽƳȥҪ㿪
аħɫȻǿ󣬵սʵҲЩǿ˶٣ʱЩһ񷴻Ƕʱͻˡ
ǧͬȼǿߣȫǷһǷЩаħȻ£Ҳס
ҹŷͷǰǿĿ£ɱЩаħ˲ɱʮˡЩɿһĻʱ۾Ѫ죬¶˷ܵɫ
սҲǳ£һѹһаħǸаħѪ嶼ķѣǧɽǿߣѪԣһ֣Щаħɱ
аħȫնɱһʣɽҲдȴ٣ֻʮһλðĸо
ŷǰأȾѪͬһսü˶¶ݵɫ
ŷ΢΢һ£ܵ޵ɱȻصĺܺãȻܵˡ
Цһŷ֪Щ˶ˣҪɱԼЩ˵òѾơ


1186 ɱŷ
аħɱаħܵɫ˲šϾǴδ顣
ɽʿڶ࣬ǿƣǴ󲿷ֶȱʵս飬ִʬɽѪȫһױ
ʱȴаħնɱֽ𾪡
п϶вԵĵطЩɽĸУǷͷаħʵ
һаħüȻ㣬³һѪ˵һϵ磬綷սʥߵĵӡ
Ǹŷˡ˵
սۣսʥյĵӣû뵽ҲˣֲЩ˱նɱڵĻһαг˱
ܶаħ֣ǵʵ̫ˡ˵Щаħη˭δܹŵһλգǵ֮ĵһ
ûµʱһȦ˳𼸸аħ棬аħɱ
аħҲûΧ˹գǺȻûܽôԼȴʧء
ֻҪ⣬ЩаħֱӶͲҺײܶаħ뵽һ㣬̲ס
ڵɽ磬ʥսʤ𣬵⣬ȴսʥߣֳյս
鷳ˣսʥߵĵӣǿ϶Ƕ֡аħɫη塣
ܣսʥߵĵӱϾǶսʥߣûбҪһаħ˵
˭һɱˣҾͲţаħȵɽǿ߻Ҫ࣬ȴǵĶ֡һаħվ˳۾ɫģͷҲɫģһɫսףԵ÷ǳ£¡

аħܹˣоȡ
аħеٮٮߣΪһ콾һȫΪһǿߣаħǿ֮һ
Цɫ߰Զӵ˹ŷ磬ս⣬˿µ˼㣬ңǸսʥߵĵӣȻǿᣬҵҪʶһʵܲܵеùҺ֡һѩ׵ĳ۵ˣɫһϢȴǳǿ
ѩǿѩһӣ쳣ǿ䣬쳣
ӳ֮գ£ѩһһ֮޵֣ɳΪ֮󣬸Ǻɨһ򣬳ϱǿ֮⣬ûĶ֡
һ޵еҲܹѹ˺١
ѩǿӳ֣ˣǸʲôŷҲλ˵Ķ֡аħƨˡ
ʵҲǵĻȻǶսʥߣǲͽͬ޵Уͬǿߣаħ޵еߣҪȥɱ벻ʧܡ
ڴŷѪȾصһ̡аħѪЦݡ
ѩǿһۣǶԷеɱŷ磬
ȴûз֣ԶʣµӰվǶɫм
ķǸʲôŷһսȵʱôȥʰо֡һͷɽǵаħĶҪΣʱЦɱڡ
ϲҲǹŷĶ֣ҪɱһֻƽȮվȻΣȴһ쳣µĸоһ޵еµ˼㡣
ҲδܹɱǸŷ磬Ƕսʥߵĵӣô׻ɱġһڷ꣬ɫУͷһɱžâ
ɱ֣һаħо־аħɱɣһֱ㾪춯أһ·ɱ˴۷壬һαԸŷ硣
ǿɱдһĨɵȻΪͬһӪˣҲɱӽһΣյ˼ļһ
ҵǶһѪ⼫ȤֻϣҪǵǸһѪΪʯͷˡһߣͷǹѪɫΡΡʱᱻ紵һ
ɱڿߵʱҲЩľħѪ棬һʳɵǿߣݺ꣬գȻסգվ˳ȥմǱѣ硣
ȻˣħѪҲ쳣£ʵҲ޵еܹסգԼ֤ʵֻʵ̫ǿˣܡ
ħѪպ޵˼㣬һ˵ĵҪԻ˶УѾ磬ǲ±ɱ
ģŷ壬һѪ⣬Ҳܹƺе˺Ҳ˵ɱĿڡ
ԸԡħѪɭЦ


1187 Գս
ŷ΢΢üܵһΣգ
ۣʲôʱ򷢶սŷǰʵ
ŷ翴һۣɫЩŹֵ˵ʵҲǲս
˻һս΢΢һ㶣֪ŷʲô˼ǲսʲô
Ҳˣһսŷ˵
˻һսɫ䣬𾪵ĶŹŷ磬ֱ˵ĸоһ˴սôˣһԼεĸоԷǧǿߣŷȻȻһսǧ˵ġ
ۣҪ˼磬൱һ֣Ų⡣սϽ˵
ŷҡͷŲ񷣬һ£üҸоרңײĻУֻһǰȥһսҪңܡ
ǽսǶˣʶһ㣬սĬ
ǶǵɽһǿߣǰУǽȴָۣо䲻ζ
ۡս˵
ŷһ֣˵ǶŰɣһս֪ǵֶΣǶصĻȻЩаħҲҵǡ
ɽǿߣڱ仯ŷ֪ģԲ˵Ļ
սɫͨ죬һֱĸо
˹ŷɫ֪ŷ粢Ϊ֮˵ﻰû̫˼
ֻǣһ˴սǧаħʵ̫ˣŷ粻ʤ
ۣǿԶһҪ׷㡣ս˵ɫ㣬һᶨ
ŷ翴һۣҡҡͷУ̫ˡ
սЦǿڵɽһУǾԵٮٮߣȴ˵ʵǱĹǺ
ҵ˭ǲͬ⣬ɱ˿ɲҪԹҡŷ˵ɨЩɽǿһۣתһ̤
ŷʧͬʱɽЩǿм˶ͷϱһѪ˳ԾЩ֪롣Ϊһ˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
εĺܺãһɱ⣬һܹоȻˣǹŷ絭˵
ŷĻЩ˲ף⼸ǿߣȻԹŷɱ⣬ֲùŷ֡
زеˣԹŷֱ˵ǰٷ֮һٵķڷ
ҶҪһɱǧŷ˵ת뿪ʧǵǰ
ȺɽǿߣȫǼֱΪԼˡһɱǧаħȻŹŷʵ뷨Ҳʵ̫˰ɡ
۵ķԸ˶ȴۿ顣ս˵һ
Ϊعŷ磬Բӹŷ
˶һۣҲʼɢûйŷ죬ǲЩаħĶֵģֻѡ
ڹŷѡһжһҲо˼飬ϾǧаħŷζԸ
ԡǸóͻȻЩ˵
ôˣʵ
ɽȺˣȫǸаħڡ
ѩǿǳԾĶһۣ˫֣ΪйŷԭаħռƣǵɽˣȫʵΥ
ԣһûأǡۡǸаħһѪ˳ˣҡҡ׹
̫߹һΣҪܴĴۣսʥߵĵӣҪһɱǧˡаħɤ˵
̬һӲʮ꣬ϤŷĿġ
аħԾǼֱΪԼˡһҪɱǧǿߣŷʵ̫ˡ
׳աŷһ塣
ԲС
ѩǿҲɫм
˶һۣԷеĳǾùŷʵ̫Ȼֿ뷨ƿЦ
Ҫ⣬ʾһιŷĿģʵ֣ɱôˡǸݵĸֿڣٴһѪй¶ĳͷ
ѩǿһۣǶԷеš
һɱǧˣпܳɹʵ̫ˡǸʦ˵Ļֲòš
˽ӣԼ飬һЩаħҹԡ
ҪˣϾǶսʥߵĵӣһɺܶʧǾͲˡЩص˵
ѩǿȴŲͬĿЦһսѵ˲ɣǷģֻҪǸҳ֣ͱɡ
ţԼʵŹŷ粻һ֮ǧаħ
аħҲ뷨ֻͲӣ˶һۣԷеأǾûеô򵥡


1188 ͣϮɱ
ȫɽǿߣǸŷ磬һ֣̱Ȼɱǡ´
ȺаħϽӦǷֿХأȥѰҹŷڵĵط
䡣
һչս߸аħնɱһӰƮȻȥӰ
ŷ硣
аħٸаħѾҲŷӰˡ
쵰ѩǿŭû뵽ŷķӦȻ죬˲ɱаħ뿪һ㶼ġ
ҹŷʵҲľʵﵽ˴ɾ磬൱ϹŴʵǷǳɱġ˵һ˲ɱˣֱǲܵģǹŷȴˡ
ѩɫأʶŷеҪǿ
ʮһ飬Ѱҹŷ磬סǧҪ͵Ϯˡѩ
ȴǶһжΪ㹻ʵԼᱻŷʱ֮ڻɱ
аħԶʱһӰֱ֣Ӵֻء
תɱ⣬ѩǾȥȻ֣Ӳֻء
ۡ
һĨѪէ֣ѩһֻը飬¶һĨŵɫԷȻǿһز
ɱ
ŷһһĽŲ𶯣ڽɫԵУΧħоĤݡ
ŷ֣һȭֻء
һѩȻֻܶͨʵǿˣͳܲס
ɱ
ѩгһѳǹֱӶȥҪֻء
𶯣ɱ⣬ǹûѩǵĻͣˣԶУڴڵѪȻǱ˵ĺء

ŷ˹һȭѩǵϣҽһķѡѩǵԪȥԶ
ŷҪɱԪ
ڴʱŷȴһָǳõĸо˵תߡ
ŷ绯һʧͬʱµϢ׷ȥ
ģ⼸쵰ŷ̾쵽ЩϢȫΪ£һЩв
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ɫг˲ʣҪŷɱģȴû뵽ջǱӵˡ
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һǳһζҲҲƽȮڣЩġ
սʥߵĴˣ벻׷϶ֻҪɱˡɱڣɫĮתߡ
϶ǸһԸǲżȻħѪҲڣϿǵĻ
Щǿȫأι󣬹ŷһƬط
ֱӳ֣תʱ⣬ĳ֡ʱģӰ֣˵Ҳ̫壬ŷ粢⣬ΪЩǿˣԲɱ˺ܶණܲ鵽Щڹŷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ţȻҪȣǾͺúõȰɡŷЦ
һʧ
ѰȻڼŷҲʱʱĳ֣ɱһаħ뿪һʮʱ䣬ǱŷɱаħѾһٶλúܶаħȻе㺦ˡ
ħѪǼҪΧ¹ŷ磬ŷǰԤ֧ӳħѪǱŭ޵
ȥǰ취ò˶ãŷͻɱˡѩüŷ͵ϮһΣһɱʱˡ
һ˱ɱ֮󣬶ֵˡ
Ҳ֪ץסŷ磬ôʵüͷЩ̾Ϣ˵
˶һ޲ߵĸо
ܼ򵥣һɱ֣ɢһɿµɱЩаħһ¡
еаħԶ־Ķɱ
㡣ѩǿ
Ҫɱŷ磬ֻ¾󣬲ܹĥһ󣬿ɱɱ˵ɫȻ
һɱ󣿡ͻȻ뵽ʲô̲ס
ɱͷɫȻ˵ҵĵһɱֻҪ£ŷҳֻ·һ
á
ѩ˼ǺԥֱӾʹӦˡ
ֻҪɱ˹ŷ磬һսǾ͵Ӯˡ
ûз֣֮Уһаħǳ˳¶һĨЦݡ
ʮ仯и˹ŷ磬ȻҲᣬû仯һаħЩаħУȻǴջ
Ҫ¾ɱңҾ㳢ʲôᡣŷЦ


1189 նħѪ
ɱָ£ǿʼһĴ˶еһ֣Ƿֲ֮ϣƲأȴһġ
ŷȻǳû쵽м䣬һŲȽĻΣˣǧаħһ֣ȻŷҲǶ֣ӳȥѾпҪ䡣
ڣٺ١ŷЦ
֮ϣаħɢʣȴһֱѭһֹ켣ɫ䣬˸ų޵Ĺâ⼸һǹûбֳκβͬ
ֻҪŷͱ
ôϹŴ֣ȻҪ䣬οŷ磬Ȼսǿ󣬿죬վֻһսɣ֮Ƕһ硣
Щʮ㣬͵ȹŷ
û뵽ǣʵڵĹŷУֻǹŷ粢ǲ壬ɴһ֡
һʮ죬ƽ˾
аħˣѩǿһۣЩ⣬ŷ粻֣ѵǷʲôͷ
ܣִ󣬳۷ǿߣȻǵɽĶ񶼿ŷȻҪ˵ȶŲɱЦʵ
ꯣȻ˵УһֱûгΪǾǴ޵еĴڡдɱȻܶ˶϶бԭ򣬵ǶȻаħҲ֪ġ
ȻˣǾٵȼաѩǿ˵
ǶһۣԷеءǹŷ쵽˴ǾͿ϶ûа취սĻŷ粻ڵľûа취ƣҪʤûô򵥡
ֹ˶ʮգŷȻûг֣ѩǿڿԿ϶ŷ϶ѾϤȻ֪ŷǴ￴ģȴѾٻɡ
쵰ѩǿŭ
ɱɫҲ쳣ÿ֮ǰºڣ˵ŷһ֣ᷢȴһƣֱӶϴһĶ⡣
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ħѪüͷ˵Ҷ˵ˣŷ粻ô򵥵ģʦһ黫ƹȻҲ⡣
ʵҲԹŷ磬黫ƹߵʵ̫ǿˣɱ򣬹ŷôҳ֡ѩǿЦ˵Թŷһм
ʵϣŷһɱѩǿУ˺ܴӰַֻʽ磽ϮжԹŷη塣
ڳаħǸ߾֮οѩǿЦ˵
ˣ˵Щϻˣڹŷ粻֣ҲҲɱʵüͷȻе㲻ͷˡ
ﵢôʱ䣬Բ˼Ըŷ磬Ϊֵȴû뵽Ȼ˵Ĵ¡
ǾħѪ濪ڡ
һʲô˼
һҳ֮κڵĵطʩչ֮󣬻һʱڣҪӦһ顣ħѪ潫ĿͶ򼸸аħ֮һֱãȻԼĵġ
аħ磬ûν꣬ħѪ浣Լһڣѩǿǻڵһʱ佫Լʬ
飬Щ˾ĳ
ѩǿȻħѪʲôǶһָۣģ֤ԼԲ˺ħѪ棬ħѪŷġ
ʵҲֻѩǿǣаħȻҲڴɾ磬Ȼʱ򣬶˺
ھʩչ󷨡ħѪ˵
УдʣһһһߵĹŷ翴ĲһЦ˳ŷЦˡ
ħѪУеıĳ־֮ϻۣȻγһµɱֱָŷ硣

ŷ˵ֱӱһ⣬ħѪɱȥ
˭Ҳû뵽ᷢ飬ڹŷǰаħȫһ˲䱬飬𡣶ħѪҲʱ۾һ
ʱʩչͨҪջͨ߶ŷĳɱѾȫܵˡ
ۡ
ħѪüĳһѪɢʧȥȥ
ŷڲԶչɱħɨֱӽаħɱڶԷûзӦʱ򣬹ŷȥ
ߣɱ˵
һѾϤ˹ŷ뷨һɱն䣬ֲĽ磬ŷɳȥ
ŷȳһѪ֮һܴԷǿ󣬴һֲ
ͷаħʱ˹Ҫûɱ˹ŷ硣

ŷŭȣִ̧һѪֱӽ⼸ͷаħɱ
ѩǿҲ˹ŷΧס


1190 ɱ
Χм䣬ŷЦЩϷʵĶѩǿǣЦû뵽ɣ
ȷʵû뵽սʥʮ仯ΪĵӣβᣬǾȻһ㡣ѩǿ˵
ΪǱرǸͷңڸһɱˡŷЦħѪЩвԵһǴʱȴŷɱˡһܴв
ɱħѪ棬ԼҲΧסˡѩǿЦ˵
ˡɱǰһͷɱ𶯣ſµɱ⡣
һսҴ趼ϲŷЦɫм
Ҿ㵥һսɱڣޱȡһ佾ˣŷ˵ϵҪŷս
ɱһۣüͷϽ˵ɱ㵭һ㣬ŷǹһȦȥ㻹갡
Ҫܣɱ˵
Ļɫһ䣬һҪˡ
ѩǿϽ˵ˣҶԼˣΪɱŷģαΪһִ˵ֻҪɱôС
ѩǿһۣɱ˵Ҫһս
˻һаħɫ
ɱ㲻ҪһУǷ˹ŷ磬ܳе𣿡ָ
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ɱѱģ𣬸ͲںνΡ
ɱɱŷҪҪ¡ƽȮڡ
һ̣ƽȮɫһն˹һ㽫ˡ
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ù㡣ƽȮŭǱɱˡ
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һսɱŹŷ磬ٴս
Ըŷ¶һĨЦݡ
˶ӣǧаħΧм䣬¹ŷߡ
䡣
ŷȳ֣죬ֻأɱ⣬ɱûɱڵĵϣΪһƬ磬˶ܹܵǿµܡ
ơ
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һµǿߣԵսȻ֮ŷҲ̫ܹ࣬в
ɱɨһɣֱӽֳ롣аħǾǸϽ㿪

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ֵҳ֡ɱ˵Ŀ䣬ڹŷϣڹŷϣܵһѹԵϢܵѹԲŻ˵ڵֻ
ϧ㻹һ㣬ֵҳ֡ŷЦ
ɱɫһ㶣ɱ⣬Ц
˳ɱһ𣬹ŷݻսɱͣײһȭһȭҳײɱڴ
ɱɱһɱǧѣȫſµķâŷ繥ɱȥ
ŷһڷ趯ɱȥ⣬ֻظֱ֣ӺЩɱ
ٴײһһ̣ɱɳȥֿµƣһķѡ
ŷҪɱɱ
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ŷһ屻һѪƽɫѪ˳ʥޱȵϢ֮ʣòаħ۾
̰ĶŹŷ磬ڿһɮһ
ŷ粢ϵƣٴγȥüķ⣬罣նֱӽɱ롣
ɱԪ˻𣬳˻ȥŷг˲ʡ
ƽһսȻŷˣɱܲˣоһ־޴Ĵ
аħҲԾǿɱǴ޵еĴڣھȻˣʧǷŭǾɱܣԼһ
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ǧǿߣȫڣҪɱŷ磬ֳ쳣𺳵ġ
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ǳ֣סŷ磬Χм䡣
ˣŷ·ˡƽȮ˵ɫ̡


1191 ֻǷ
𡣡
ŷתһֶϻȳޱȡ
ƽȮҽһüĳһµƣԪһըˣ
аħ𺳣һ콾ɱˣǼֱҪˡ
顣
ŷٴκһֶϻ꣬ɱǸɽǵǿߡ
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ɱ
ɱһǿߴǸܵвŷ̫ͨ£˲ɱ콾ǲԼȥġ
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ʱ䣬ǧаħɱĻˣȫɫ֣̿ļ֮⣬аħ˾С
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ҺԼ˵һŻս챦Ĵڣŷ粻ҵǸط˰ɣӻȾѪȴ˹ȥ
ΪǿȴΪ飬мαŷ綢ϣȴһֱûɱ
ŻսɱǾȵĶһֵۣطȻпµıʹŻʲб˵Ҳϵı


1192 ս
οдԣ˵ŻսУд˵е챦ڡʶһ㣬ǶһۣԷеĻȡ
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ѶϽȻˣȴԣܵŷͷâȻȫ֮ǰһڸࡣ
ŷȴ˿Ĵ⣬ոᵽѶϽĿ¡
һ죬ٴνųǰ̽·ŷĸڷ棬˿⡣
һ·ϣ̫ʬǣ֪˶£ȻӨӨ⣬һֲĹԣŷ絹һЩǰٶǴɾǿߣ޾£࣬ǹڣȻڿµԾ
˲֪ǿߣʵϹŻսңЩδ˵˴õʲôΪʵ̫ˣ֮ǰһܹô󲿷Ѫ
ǰУͻȻըŷˣü罣նһײһ
顣
һ죬ŷѪſʲô˺ԼһѶìһ׹ƽûκβһ
һȴɱ˹ŷķشı壬Ŀµġ
ŷԪûУˡ
֮һۣ¶һĨЦʱ䣬ǧӴĹŻս˵ֱСĲ˼顣
ŷ綼һָоԼԭ̤
Ͼʵ̫ˣǧƽʱ˵ֻһ֮ѡȴ죬жôĿ¡
ʵϣǧʱʬѾˣǰЩ˸ǿЩѪ⣬ȻˣȻܹ̺żǿ
ŷüߵܵһаϢָоܲá
ԥҪҪǰСڴʱһʬͻȻӣŷ˹
ʲô
ŷɫֱһȭƵɱʬ塣
һ̣ڵϵʬ嶼գʮȫܿ£Ǵ۷Ĵڡ
Щʬ޾£һ˿а飬Ȼûǰƣʮͷһ֣Ҳв
ŷ֣ɱЩʬ塣
쳤ХѪڣ˼ޡ
ۣ
һ߾ʬ屻飬
ʮʬ壬̵ܶʱڱŷɱһʣ
һУŷתһӰ
ǵӰߴޱȣߣĿƽͣŹŷ磬ӣ㲻Ӧý
ŷһĪĸоǼһüͷŶԷ˭
û뵽ҵĺˣȻʶˣΪսӦ֡ǵӰڣʵһΣɢſµϢضǱڽ£ڲͣĲ
սʼ档ŷ羪ɫЩš
һֱƮʼ棬ȻڹŻս𾪡
ܡŷ˵Ȼ񶨣ĿⶢڶԷϣŷЦսʼôڵɽ磬㵽ʲôаȻʼԻҡ
ŷĻáսɫ΢΢һ䣬üͷ˵㾹Ȼʼ棬ֱǴ治
ʼ棬Ȼţ㲻һаţֱΣȻ㲻Ը˵ҾֽҴݡŷЦӿɱȥ


1193 ս
սɫɫŷ֣а죬һа磬ŷС
Ȼʼ档ŷЦ
ǹսô˲ȻħҲһµħ±֮ذħ˿
һȭ£ֱӱа硣
ŷתֻأս顣
սɢʧĵطһŹĻʢŵѪ
Եúܹ죬֮ëȻ
껨ŷ羪
һа¼ŹȥһУͬʱԶϤ˵ģγɻʧȻɡ
һΣʵֱӲ磬ƿֲ
ŷֱӳֻ֣תֱ껨棬껨
һвŷ粢ǶôϲãΣգһִ粽Ƶĸо
ͻȻŷӣһս
ŷЩŭЩаûꡣֱӳ֣Ѫնɨ˹ȥ
ҵˡսڣһֵֻס˹ŷĹָѪ
ŷ𾪣Ȼʼ棬ԷǿҲùŷ𾪣Ȼ֪ʲôаʵ̫ǿĺˣ߸Ǽһ͡
ŷٻŶԷ
аҪԻҡŷȣɫ䣬ֳ罣Լħ׼֡
ҲаȥϤرԴסսڣдһĨЦ⡣
ŷüս͸ղŵĲһһĸо
üͷй⻪˸šսرʣԪǰӰȻ䡣
ڴʱһϤĸоһѪĸо
ǹսʼ档ŷ𾪡
СӲϳҵ˰ɣȥɣﲻܹĵطǰȻзҲɡսڣдһĨοùŷߣȻɱ
ŷüʼôطģ˲⣬Ҫ֪ǵɽ磬ȴ뿪ǿ֮⣬Ȼ첻硣
˽ʱоպһ˻һֹ롣սԼԭֻһ
ǿߣŷ𾪣ѵսһΪߣе㲻š
ΪʲôҪֹҽ룿ŷ̲סʵ
ãԼԷ̽·ΣաȻǱɱҲֻǷ𣬿ӳȥ
һԷ·㲻¡սϤ˹ŷ뷨
ŷͷŹս
㿴սһָһӰ֣ǰȥӰһߵһطùŷ翴ľ
һ̣ﱬһɿµĻ⣬ɨһУǵӰɱɢ
ʧĲ˼顣
ǻߵľأûлߵʵ޷롣ս˵
أŷ̲סʵ

սڣһԥûС
ܣֻлܶϤǻ߾أַǻ̤룬ܵµ䣬ı壬ˣѪͬʱﵽ߾磬ܹϤһСսڣ˹ŷһۣŷѪڣѪڣ¡¡Ѫڻ̤ʱ뿪صأһٻ߾磬һСսŹŷ磬гϣ
浽ʲôŷ̲סʵ
֪֪Ҳ˵ֻлѪܹ̤ģʱ֪ˡսҡͷ
ðɣŷϣʼĿеòκϢ
һ⣬ʼ㱾ȥˣŷεĶŹսܹҵսҲܹ⿪ĺܶɻãŷҲ̹սݣˣܹˡ
֪пգֻǰµһĶĲ֪սЦҡͷ
ŷЩʵʼ㻹֪Щʲô
֪ӵսսףȻڳ׷ˣȴ԰޲սЦ˵
лʼ档ŷ۾һֱӵл¹սһ
ս̲סҡͷЦ㵹ǻ顣
ŷٺһЦһ㶼Ͼʼ棬ҪһЩģûбҪ˼
սһУŷڷɳɫƬоȻ׵Ƭ
Щá׵飬һ㶼ʣսʼ޸սսס
ĵطûϢޱȣʮŷѪҺڣʵϢӵǿˡ
ŷ£ԼʵһκûᣬȻݴ


1194 
ѪսϢԴѪҺеĴУΪԴڹŷԴ
ŷϢԽԽǿﵽ׵۷徳硣ɫ࣬üһСħĤݣ״Żʡ
عգɻ˷裬ޱȡ
ŷŲĹâɼǣͬһĺ¯һ㣬ΨҶ
ֱսߵĹâʧŷĹҲʧվ۳ͣŷϻȥ
ŷ絯ָƱ飬ʧ
͵Ŀ˹ŷһۣսеսӸŷ硣̴ϣһǿĸоսдŷ쳤Х񷡣
ˣûȥˣסʼĻ߾磬ǧҪٽսЩģҪˡ
ʼ棬㣿ŷʱˣµһֿܡ
ұһĹˣȻҪɢˣİɣδȻҲ֪ʲôǶ׼ʲô춯صĴ飬ҹսƽ֮һ仰԰Ȼ
ŷ͵ع£սݺݵĿͷŷлʼ档
ҺοסСģ̫֮δ֪ҲΣһҪǡ˵Щսױ飬ɢ֮䡣
ŷ̾Ϣһվһ̤뿪
Żս֮⣬Ǹո㷢һ˳֣Ƕʱŭӡ
ɱ
ŷ飬ֱӳ֣ɱЩаħ
һ綼ն룬ֱɱʮаħŷ߽֮󣬸ǿĿˣǿ˲
ѪҲŨȻڹŷУȴɢһϢϡ
Ͷ֮䣬ǻص˾
ɱ
ɱ֣ҵȫɱҪն˹ŷ硣
ŷϵĻս׷⣬סеĹ޹ʹ򲻶
ʲôĿȣڹŷϣǸܵµѹʱףǻȻĻµѹԡ
ŻսйȻкöϧ𣬳˲ʡ
ȷֻսףȻܹܹŷ磬նɱ
ߡ
ŷݺңħɨնɱˡѪħ룬ħӿ¡
ŷһڣȫȥ
䡣
һɿµϢޱȡħһӡڹŷǿʵаħѪĽȾ֮£ڱơ
ϱǧ硣
Ǿɫһŷ˿ˣټһ⻹ôʹˡ
ɱͷϵɱնͨ죬ʮɣޱȡħ֮ɱɣһơ
ɱѪˣŹŷ磬ɫѿ
ħĹŷɵУһնаħɱһɱаħնɱֻʣˡ
ɱһۣԷеľŭҪŷʹҲҪϡ
ɱ
ŷֳħݺն䡣
ʱ䵽һĮ
Ҳʱ򣬻緭ħŷǰһ죬뿪ٴγֵʱѾ⡣
ǧǿߣŷ̲֮סֱӹݵݼۡ
ɡ
ŷ֣ɫƽ
ɫ΢΢ЩȣŶ೤ʱ䣬սȻͽˡаħʣˣԼǧˣ붼֪ʲô顣
ȻεıУһֱƵǣ漣ӮˡЩɵı֣͹ŷйϵȻĻЩһĴɣԹŷ˹
Щȣվǳ˳
×𾪣ʹǶǣЩǿǣҲû
һսǵɽʤʱЩ˽
׷ʲô飿ɱ
ɱɬǿһۣڵаħһǧǿߣŷһɱǧǿߣ߰ǿ׷ɱɽɵʱ򣬱ŷ𡣡
ʲôֱΪԼˣһ˫Ӷڹŷϣɱ⡣
һξ޴ʧаħ޷ܡȻǲͬ壬໥֮仹ɱԵɽʱȴŽᣬȫһ¶⡣
ҲΪԼˣһɱǧǿߣаħǧˣΪŷԭģʲô
лսסɱڣ˵һ仰ڳ۾
սף˵ֱܹһսһµĵز


1195 ս
۾һһֻŷץ˹ȥ
ƣγһ磬ҪŷС

һֱӳ֣סһ
һ̤ŷ绤󣬗˵𣿡
ߣɱһԣɫмŗ軣ɱڡ
ʵҳ֣Ͼаħĵ̣һ֣֪аħǲ
ǱΧסδܹȥ
ҡָŹŷ硣
˵ɽۣ˵ͽѵҪ͵ɽȫ濪ս𣿡Ц˵
ɫһ䣬¶һĨЦЩ̵˵Ҫ˵һˣϲ칬ۣȻˣ첻Ҫս칬ۣ벻ߴͽ̡
ʽսս칬ۣʹŷҪܾе㿪˿ڡϾǾܾĻ͵˵ɽаħ
ڵɽ˵һԸе
ֻҪŷܾᱻɽ˿𣬲ǲΪʵԲҪܾ
˵Ƿϲģ˵ĿⶼԼŷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ц˵
ϲľǷϲģĽԼ칬۵ĻʹӦҵսЦ˵
ʲôݣŷ絭ʵ
ŷʻȻ˵ħµħ
ҪսҵĻ㻹ûʸССһħҪս칬ۣЦŷЦ˵
˻һɫͨ죬ݺݵضŹŷ磬ˣ
ˣǲмҺһλˣȻ΢˵սŷȸղŵӽ
ɶЦŷԸͶԷһսȴ˵ĹûʣҪˡ
ʵȷʵĹǺݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫɱһ
ԭۣͥȻһˣǲһսֱ˵ĽڡЦм
Ӯʲôôŷ絭ʵֶбʤİһ˾ȣùŷǲе̫ˣԷһҲֵͽ׵ŷսɾ磬Ȼд˵ŷսڳ˺Ȼǲŵġ
һҲܿԽôླɱС
ܹң㴦áҧгݣһӣ̡бɱ⣬ֱڹŷϣֱ޲һڳ˹ŷ硣
ŷ¶һĨЦݣҪʲôã
Χħ̲סĿɿڴŷǴҪһȻ˵Ҳʵǹ۵ġ
ŭٴŷɱ˹ȥ
Ҫ֣סϾŷ칬ۣյĵӣǰˣʹˡ
޷һķŷһֹ֣ס˗軵Ķ
˳ԾУŷһһѪӾ֮£ʵѪԻ
Ծսֱն˳ȥѪײһ
һ죬͹ŷͬʱˡĿƣŶԷɱΡ
ʲôƽˣڳħǶ¶ŵɫ
Ƕû뵽һײ֮£Ȼƽ֡ŷǿľҲ׹ŷΪʲôôǿˣΪʵ
ǿ
ɫأ֪ԼС˹ŷ磬һײȻûռκαˡ
㲻ˡŷ絭Ц

ŭɱȥս䣬ֱնŷͷ­
ŷüķ⣬罣նԶսƶǿޱȣսײ˿·硣ʱ罣һսײУȻһ˺۶ûС
ɱ
ŷȣֱӳɱȥ
һֻ£תɱ⣬û
һĨ޵ѪţּѪۣ𶯣ɫŭ
һսɽսȻһˣȻԷʦҲС
սɨֻأɱ

սһȫʮɣŷû

һ죬ŷ罣赲ȫסսһɱȥ֡
顣
˽սײһ𣬷һ졣
ɫ䣬һѪ˳ڹŷ磬˿޵Уսսףôˡ
ȻҲʶһˣԼͿʱŷľ롣
Ѫɫ磬ǳȣݻһƬѪɫ磬ŷУ޾ǳ׹Ƕһ
ŷ𶯡۳һ̫ͼֿЩ
תж˴󲿷ֵĹмйŷ磬˳ȥ


1196 ײ
ǳ޾ŷû
սս׹תסûܵʲô˺ֻо޴壬Ҳŷ硣
̫ǿˣϻսףǿס
Ŀɿڴ⻹ô򣿸Ʋ˷
ҿжŷһЦȻʩչһԼϡ
ķ˲ʮ
ĲһҪѪﱬ󣬺ŷ磬ǶԷȴɶǣЦڷһ
ǳһѪɫһɱ쳤ХѪɫ޾ǳںһγһµĽŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷϵЦʧܵһǿƣȻд
ɫأħԶս߶ݺݵ˳ȥ
һħ֣󣬽ڻʣħ𣬴ʱħָ۷״̬ŷ缫߶Ի
ħ໯µĵն뽣ײµĲ
һЩѪɫȻϽˣв˲һ㱻ɱѪȾսۡ
ʵ̫ǿˣһײһ٣ɫηŹŷ磬ȴӿˡ
ǿȻƵǶսۡǲǣŷֻһսɣٴɾ֮󣬽ǿƣǲ
ҽһ屻ֳ롣
ŷ˳ȥҪɱ
ˡ
Ԫ𶯣ͨǳһǻǻ֮ǽ˹˷ɵǰ档Ԫȣſ³һ֮նɱ
϶Ϊһճһ
ơ
ŷֵɨޱȣֱǻ֮ǽ齣ɱ
ɫսݺ䡣
ֻء
ŷȣֻظ֣ɱ⣬ǰûȥ
䡣
ͬʱˣŷȴסεһ̳ɱȥ۳̫ͼڰߣȻֱӱ
ơ
һս𣬹ɱͷڰ
ʱ򣬹ŷ羹Ȼֱӳ˹ȥһֻսץȥ
ʲô˱ɫ
ֱץ˵ķŷҲ̫˰ɣ𺳡

ЦŽӡٿսµĽ

һ𣬹ŷһץסսȻֵУħݺݵն
սѹƣʧȥӦеǿ󣬱ָ۷徳ħնϣֱӱ飬Ρ
˶סˣһĳɵȻ׾ͱˣеš
ۡ
һѪ˳ŭŹŷ磬жðˡ
ɵϢϢأŷ飬ܵ˲˺ûԼһ쾹Ȼᱻ˴ôңɵˡҶԷֻһսɣ󾳽硣
Ҫ
ݺݵĶŹŷ磬·Ҫ˶ɡ
⻰˵˵ˣҪ㻹ûǸʵɵѾˣ㻹κҶŷЦɫУǿĲ
սѾܹˣһսսףȻǿ
ʵȻ顣
ҵģŭͻȻһУֻе⣬ȴɢ˾Ϣ
Ȼǲȱģֻʣһ֣Ȼܿ£ݷϢľ
һȱĻҪɱңǲ⣿ŷ̲ס̵
ȱĻսףԵסĹɱοֲȱĻɲ̫в
𣿡
ЦóһǸȱƣħͻȻȳھѪû棬ʱƹâʢɢſµĻʵϡ
ɱ
߶ƣٿǰѶУµϢùŷɫ
ȱĻһ𣬾Ȼµܣû뵽ġ
ŷԥֱʹýսԶս߶ѣһ˲䣬·䣬Ͷ޾ŷ֣һ
ΪزŷѾܹȫһˡȻͻ߳ûȣͬ¡
ܵв
ڣȳһһڵѪȱĻ棬ȱĻȫգŷѹȥ
߻δײֿµܣľս
ͻȻһȻ㿪Զ˹ȥ
ҲӦȫӴܡ
µ𶯷شԲɽȫ㸲ﻯһƬ硣
Щˣٶ΢һģ飬һ㱻ɱֻԪӳȥľ
ղֻһ㣬Ǿˣײʵ̫ڿ¡
ĿⶼŻ緭Ҫ֪ŷôˡ


1197 Ⱥս
ĻƽϢһӳ֣ǹŷ硣ѪȴһԪƣʱɢһ˲Ǳˣ
˶ˣŷܣڹŷУû뵽ģһ
ĵӰŷΧסȫһĿ
ſһ˺ȵȻΣϸܵƬԼһζ
ȻԲ࣬޳ɵаħǲ࣬Ƕࡣ
ţùŷЦɨһۣȻΧסȴ˿ģһƽӡ
öԷƣĿһ۹ŷ磬Ŀ˸ʱ׼֡
ŷЦ˽ʵ˼ޣʱ׼ս
ʲô˼վ˳ǽĴаħΧסЦ
ſħ뿪ȻĴаħڣʵǿԗ˼һŷ磬ҲȻ壬Եúǿơ
ŷȴЩͷЦ˵˵ţͲܷţҪ򣬲Ҫϻ
ЩаħһۣԷеŭ⡣
ɱ
һаħԸ壬ֱӳ֣Ҫ¹ŷ硣
ˣʵϱҪǿ󣬴ʱ֣Ŀ¡
ŷһȭаħײһһһǸаħĸ첲һȻˣ¶˼ɫҪ֪ħУǿģʱȻһսɵĶ֡
һ˶Էŷħɨֱӽаħն

ǸŭȻնһ첲ܶٻһ顰שŷȥ
ŷһȭ롰שײһһӴ洫ŷֱӱ
ڱص׵ʱ򣬹ŷԼͨȻӲӡֱ̫ţˡ
ŷҪĳ嶯Ҫ֪Ƿӡд󣬾Ȼȥ
ܵϷֲĲŷɱȥħ϶Ϊһ뷬ӡײһ
ӡɳȥŷҲԶ΢΢һ£һѪ
ǿվǿߣʵ̫ǿˣС
ǱߣҲ֣սȻ࣬ȴռϷ磬ųĴ޵ĴڣҲûͷħ׺ݡ
ȺɴҪΧͷħ
ɱһǵûǰĴ㣬ֱ˶ܹаħһռƣǻĻֻ
ǲö֡ŷ翴Щһۡ
ۡսվ˳սⰻȻ
棬ûбҪȥѪҿˣҸаħʵһ㶼¡ŷ絭˵ʱһִ۷ɣ̤նϣΧĹС
аħ׿Ǻأ˼ƴɱ
ŷħɨ죬ȫսսףսڼ֮УԼǿġ
һɨЩ˶ҪɫħΪױȻǻȴΪжǿ󣬾Բһ˿Դȵġ
ŷ֣¡¡µ˼㡣
ѹһаħԷɱıˣǸ˳޷
޵С
˻ɽɿŷг˳ݡ
ŷɫ䣬֣Զս߶ħǿƣ͵һͷаħ롣
ͷаħɫԪһŹ⣬Ҫߡ
һɡ
ŷЦһֻ֣ǹȥҪԪץס
ڴʱϴһߣһɫצڹŷĴǰ
ŷɫɫצײһϵսս׷⣬Ժˡ
һ֮£ŷ·硣
ʲôˣŷȣħն˳ȥãã綼롣
ǸطһӰ֣ߴЩͣһһɫĺ뵶ײ
ŷֱӷɳȥϰһӰֻ΢΢һȻƽ
𾪣ʲôĸ֣Ȼܹѹŷ磬Ҫ֪ħǹŷĶ֡
ħ
軿˶Էһۣʱɫ˶Էݡ
ħħ˾һųƵħ
Ȼ󣬵Ǿʵ֮ǰˣҲ˿
ħһ֣ɽ˶ŷȻ֪Է˭ҲܹܵԷǿʵ
üͷ壬˵һն˳ȥ
軴һû뵽ŷçײȻԵħ֡


1198 ħ
ħ¶һĨȻȻЦһõӣΪʥĵӣȻҳ֣ɼΡ
һֻѹ䣬ħƷħ֣ȫɱһƬ硣
ն
ŷȣµ˼㡣
¡¡
µ죬ŷ絹ɳȥѪܵ˲˺
ڵħҲüͷؿڳһ˿ڣѪֱӹʣһѪɫ
˶ħˣһսɻˣ̫˼ˡ
ħĿ䣬ɭȻ˵ˣܲҺܲˡ
ŷ粻мŵħֱӱһָװ
Ǻǡ
ħûѪ˻ȥЩ͵ͻȻֱͦһ˫о䣬ɱ⾪춯ء
ħХµ˼㡣
ҪħĮ˵
ħˣŷҵɽ۾㲻˺վ˳ħһȻȻ˵
ħЦһ仰û˵ָһ磬ڗ軵ϣλµޣڵħĿ´ǰȻңֱӱɳȥڿѪ
ħһŭѪޡħ˵ɢűŰϢҪһ㡣
ŷĵĿһۣ˵׳ա
ħͻȻЦĿɭȻͷȻҿôĵӣȻˣȲ㡣
ְɣϻ࣬治֪ô쵰ħλõģŮһŷƲƲ죬Ĳм
õħʵ̫£ϻƪǲֱ֣
ħǳ鴤ɱ磬ΪħƽʱаħĪҲӣ˭˵īһǣŷǵһ
Ҵ
˵ͷϳһͷǣħ˸ͷǵ˸ڹ硣
ͷ軾ɫ䣬æ˵ħҪҪʥĵӣҪɱʥưڸݵġ
ֻúٸ⣬Բ˶ߡħ죬Цѡ
ȥġ
ŷ粻ˬ˵ʦ˶ʱˡ
ѡ
ŷֱʩչһֶϻ꣬ڵħϣڰȻĵħͻȻķѣѪɽ
һĻ˶סˣղŻĵħҪʥԲ˶ߣһ̣㱻ʥĵӻ壬ʵе̡
ܶǳ鴤ҪЦȴЦ軶һԷǵħǱˣǻصɽ磬Ҳк³ЩаħǷǳǳġ
䣡
Ѫ죬ħ˸ħķѵ⣬Ҫںһ𣬻ָԭ״
ڴʱŷ˳ȥһֻŲڵħϣһ㽫һˣȻˣħǱһס
ķϲĻҪʦԲ˶ߣҲ㡣ŷȣȴδ̫˺ֻõħףճһ۾ðˡ
һֻϷ˹ȥħ޲ýŷĳƬ
ѡ
ŷٴʩչһֶϻ꣬ħϵٴķѡ
ĿɿڴУŷԼĶ
ħʬһҺƴˡ
Ԫͷ­г˳ŷɱȥεǿߣѾȫԪ࣬ɱ⾪ˡ
ŷֱӺˣȳһֶϻֱ꣬˺ѵħԪȻٺˡ
ϲľǷϲġŷҡͷ̾һƵӡ
䣡
Ѫ󣬴ħŭ춼ڲһµħգھ֮ϣĿ䣬ɱ⼸ҪһС
ħŭˣһֻ̽£ŷץ˹ȥڿлһɫצƬŷ縲
ŷоԼһɿµռ䶼ɫ信쳤Х˷Ԫٴʩչ˲սԶսѣһ綼·Ҫˡ
軶˵ǧɾ𣬷ɿӴܡ
ЩħҲһǷӴܣɫ
ŷһײһ𣬸飬ɽʧɫȫﻯһƬأ޾ɱ⼤ȥʮ硣
ŷɳȥһ̯࣬Ȼսսףǵħʵʵ̫ˣٵ˹ŷ
ȫȵģħ۷ǿޱȡ
ħҲܣʧɫ԰ףȻҲܵ˲˺һսûռκαˡ


1199 ʥǿ
˭Ҳ벻˾ȻܹսزҶã֮϶ǳһ浹̬ơ
ȴͬʱⴴŷս𾪡
ħָĿȻһŷɱ
Ҫ˵һ˫˸⡣
ŷһЦѵվһмӣĺ
㻹ܶ𣿡ħɫĮ
ɱҪҶ಻ţֻҪٸҿһ㣬ͻһŷ綢ŵħϴЦݣõħüͷֹס˽Ų
ħüŷܹ֪ŷ粻򵥣һпʲôصֶΡȻҲһֿܣŷǹթûʲôֶΡ
ħ˼ŷ˹ȥ
ͣԣԿǰŷҡͷ
ڴʱħһëȻĸоٺˣһɨ˳ȥֱеħɳȥ˴롣
ɫȻһգŭա
߳һΰӰɫĮǱˣգһ˫۽𾦣ڵħϣЦ˵ĵӣҲ۸Сģ𣿡
ħָɫѿ
ʥ
߹
տһۣͻȻŭȵ
ǿЦãȻףղŹŷħһսδսΪˬ
ӣ⡣ħڿˣھա
䣡
ն˵ֱӽеĹ˳ȥ
ħһ֪յԸ񣬵Ҳû뵽Ȼ˱ҡӲӣħתӡ
һձ飬վЦҺ£͵ɽûǲҲܲսĹ
ǣĿɿڴһ˽սĴħҲ̫Ե˰ɡ
Ȼ¶ûĵ
սʤʥͷҲֻһܹŵ
ħɫѿȻħһսϾΧһǴӮˣҲûʲôɹٵġǴˣǸǶˡڸɵգ붼û룬׾ܹɵĻͲ˵޿ˡɣҪﰭۣÿ㡣յ˵ħһۣʼˡ
ħǳ鴤ݺݵĿһۣת뿪
ϲġֹ󣬵ǵħǺҲôһŭ𣬼ֱһתĳ嶯
ȻͷҲֻһѣûлͷֱ뿪
ʣµħħѾˣﻹϽתӡ
һעˣŷѹԪ񣬶ħŷŲȣ˴սʤճ֣õħģһж˵һֳ衣
ʦôŷ罫̯ԪС
˰ɡշƵ˵ȻûнһĸַС
ŷͷָֻظ֣ʼ
µܺƵɫг˲ʣ뱻ŷɱһãԪڣʧ
ˣһɱ˶ȻŷյӰɫг˾η
ǻȥ˵ɨ˗һۣ˵죬ͽܻؼ棬Ҫͽˡ
ǿЦȻֹֻеͷ
һһռѷ죬Ҫ뿪
Ͷսۡǧ˺ɫȡ
ŷ˵ͷûǵռѷУ뿪
ǳ֮Ѿڻɽˡɫ΢΢Щȣ˵СӻòЩСһ۸ڶȻշˣίʵﾪȡ
ǻԵɺϰˣʵʲôûŷʼ硣
ֵǫڇNɪˣ;ͲҪϹǫ飬һȥɡյ˹ŷһۣȻһסŷ磬ٴʧ
ǳֵʱ򣬹ŷףǱЩǿ߿ˣ϶Ŀɿڴ⻹ӢĶսôܱôңˣ̫ˡ
ʦҺ㡣ŷ쳤̾
һԼӣˮȥ
ŷʹȻ˽ȥ
Ȼǵһǹŷ绹̲ס̾ɽʵ̫Ũˣ˾̾칬Ϸֺ
ݵŮӳ֣ŷʱ۾һͬʱ˹


1200 صɽ
ħŮŮڻɽùŷ⣬ȵǣദĺܺáȻŷ֪˶ǺŮˣǱϾⶫ˵ʣǲܵġ
ŷɫȻ֪˹ŷ뷨ħŮ˹ŷһۣʲôҺûйϵ
ɫ΢죬˵֮ûٿŷһۡ
Һ½һʣ˵˺ܶ飬ԭ๫ôһ磬ҲһĺۡŮ˵ЩŹŷ磬Ŀݡ
ŷ̲ס죬ʲôۣձ뿪Ͻ磬֮ǰ׷ɱǰǳ֣ŷѾһˡ
ˣ㲻Ҫ˵ˣȻ๫Ҿˣںۣѹûе飬Ҫº˵ŷЩ˼˵
ѵȻҲı飬ħŮ͵Ц
أŷûпǣʱЩȡ
ǼΪˡħŮЦ˵ʶԣϹŴ񡣡
ŷ΢΢һ㶣ľȻô죬ΪϹŴŶ꣬Ҳʵֲ̫˰ɡ
ʦ̵ΪжΪ˸Ƚ̤ʵܹߵĸԶѾͻˡħŮЦ˵
ƺΪʦΪӡ
ʦõʦŮΪҲнڴ죬ǰҪǿƵĶˡ
ħŮѾΪϹŴˣȻֻڵһأͬǿ
ŷЦֵڣֻһ˻߾磬ʵ̫ˡ
еơŷԼıӡ
˹ŷһۣħŮû˵ǲأȻϹŴ񣬵УһжӲסǲģڲྐྵȻô࣬˲ˬ
ÿһ綼ߵޣҲսŷҡͷԼһżȻ
Ϊÿһ˶һܹÿһ綼ߵޣҼʹߵޣÿ˵ǱվǲһģսвǺġճ֣һЩɹʱ㣬һαûɽնʱһˡ
ͽܣĽóһ㣬ǿ硣ᵽ⣬۾Щ
ŷȻ᲻ãͳһһ㽫Ѩ
յ˹ŷһۣŷٺһЦתһͨСдСȻһֻնѪ⡣
Զ֣ʼտζùŷ綼̲סһڿˮ
ŮˣʱȻûŮӣǶŴ⣬ڹһ˿Ө
ܿ죬һⱻãҲзȣݸŮ
ܿ죬һߺźƣһ߳⡣ŷ̸Լ飬˵Լ˻սȴû߳ԶԼʼ档ͨʼ룬ŷ֪ŻսֻѪΪﵽ˻߾֮󣬲ܹ롣
̲ס̾һ֪϶رֻڵʵͲȡ
һĻ߶òҪѪߣʲôĶǿˣȻơ
ʼ棬Ȼһߡվ̾оԼԽԽͽˣŷ̫е㿴塣
Ҳ֪ʼףʼʲôطʲôȴ֪ŷЦ˵
յѣֻǸ̾һЦ˵ûдﵽǸ磬ͲҪȥ̽ѰǸ飬Ϊﵽ֮Ȼ֪
ŷͷΪԽߣеľηԽ֮䣬ǰʶȫһʵԹŷڵʵԺˣȴһָоĳһ죬νҲһ㡣
Ҳֻлߣܹ֮䣬Ҫǿ󣬲ܹ
һеһУֻе۷壬ܹȫŷ˸֪Щʲô
ǳȾƣ̸۵ÿ˶á
ɽУŷһֱһ£һ£ŮһʱʱħŮЩСϸߡ
Ȼ֮ŮʱҲ̲סԴס
Ĳϲ𣿡һ죬ħŮ̲סȻȴŷʵ
ϲ
ŷûԥֱ˵Լĵ׵Ļ
ŷĻħŮһȻеί˵ȻϲңΪʲôң
ûо飬Ȼ㹻Զ棬ȴͬһŮһࡣ
ħŮʣŷЦҲ㣬Ǿлû¾Ӱľ
𣿡ħŮ۾ġ
ŷͷȷʵ뷨ħŮһ㲻Ը⣬ǿħŮ


1201 
ħŮЦӯӯģ߽ŷ磬һ§סŷĸ첲ͷǰû˵˼ǳԡ
ŷȻҲǽ֮ˣһ§סħŮ촽ȥ
ħŮһ̣ڹŷĻС
Ȼǧ£Ƕ黹ǷǳİͲ˽⡣ʱ͵ؾ˻جج֪Ϲŷ硣
ֱܾ֮ħŮŻɬŹŷ磬ӵš
ּŷһɽ
ŷħŮһ㶣ǷֿŮҲ֪ʲôط˳ɫдһĨɫ񷡣
Ҫɱŷ磬֪ģٹŷȥ벻⡣
죬ǧ֮ڣŷ粻ȥͥպһ䣬޴һǸŵûɢ
սսȴȥϾǴּ⣬ǹŷ粻ּ鷳ĲǱˣ
ʥ벻ҪΪСģöս۳ּɡǸɿ˵
ȻΪʹҲκдﲻǱĵطգһڴͷʺļһǼˣһ칬ڵʵûܹסˡ

һ޴ĺǳ⣬Ǹսս뿪ˣǳףԼǲߣһ̶Ҫɵ
ȻҪ겻ɿҪܵͷҪŭգɽ߲ȥ
ʦ𣿡ŷʵ
ϾǴǿĴڣ硣
ʲôõģҳһɽǰǲ֪Щ˵צȻĻΪĴλûô𣿡Цо˸񷣬·ͨ޾Ŀռܹһ
ʦ칬ŷЩȡ
һ̣Դϱһ£û˵ʦǸй򣬵ֻǾǸλñȽ磬ڸǲм칬ȻλҲǼ߹󣬵Ƕ˵ṇ̀ǲ֦֪Щ˵צʱҪˡ
ʦаոɵ죿ŷ羪ȡ
ȻûУ첻һÿеĹͷϴڤ棬Ҫɱ죬ʲô¡˵
ڤ涼ǸǿߣһյĻʥǳĻ̤
ˣǸˣڵΪȻûдﵽ߾ŽףǾʵȴѾҵԤڣǼǿˡо˸
ģŷ羪ϲ
ô꣬ǳҪص磬һԼŮˡ
ôңʲôҲû֪
ŷһֱŵǣǧҪ⡣
ҪһЩ׼ȥڤһ¡˵
Ҫȶ೤ʱ䣿ŷѯʡ
һ£Ȼһȷеʱ䣺ꡣ
ŷһȻ˵ͷʱ䣬˵Ǻܳʱ䡣£ŷᵽ仰˼
һɽû˸£ҵĵӣżȥҲǼõġ˵
ŷ˼ҪԼʱһ㡣
뿪ŷչڹԼľ磬Ϊﵽ߽ףŷ绹δúõľء
ŮħŮҲǲΪŷĸۡ
ףڵʵŷԽԽԶˣҪǲ۷ŷ磬ֻԼʵ
󣬶ˣŷ֡
һӢΰӣΪ̫ӣʱѪɫࡣ
磬ʲô飿ŮϽԼĴɫš
칬ץߣѪϴ˶˵ͼı档̫ӿѪ˵һ
ŷһɫŭŲ죬ŭ죬̫ˡ
ϣɫ΢¶һĨЦû˵
Ҳв쵽ŷĶȴǵü˳ۣ˭Ҳ˵
˭ܹҪԸŷ磬úܶ˲⣬еԭ
߸üͷ΢壬һ֪Щʲô
꯿Լ˾һۣһĨЦת뿪ȻʲôӦ
꯵ľٶһ˿
ȻҲܵһĨĿ⣬¶һĨЦŲ˿ͣ뿪
ȻҲܵյ΢һվʲô˵̫׽ǶҿڣȻǰǳܳ裬վֻһӣǲ鲻õʱˡ


1202 ˺
ץˮ屻Ѫϴֻһ̫˳
ŷ̫ӰźãȻֱ칬
ħĽŷ磬΢΢üħЦ۲ǿּ칬𣿡
ۡ
ŷһָħը飬Ԫ˳¶ֵɫ
û뵽ŷž͸֣ɱˡҹŷʵ֮ǰǿ˲֪٣͵ֿˡ
죬ˡ
ŷ翪ڣ칬
󵨣ֱһǳ⴫Ǿɫ䣬Źŷ磬һҪɱ˵ӡ

ŷֺգֱӽɳȥ
ǾѪɫȻȻ磬ֻ֣ͨȲħ˵͹ŷˡ
죬㲻ҪѾˡŷɫĮһӰ˸ſµ⡣
սۣ̫ˡ˵žɫƽ
Ѫϴ׽Ȼ˵񣬼ֱЦôɱ𣿡ŷ˵ϴսսףüһСŻʸħĤݡ
̫ˣ˶һǸܵŷƥ
ɫ糣˵ͼıҲɱ˶һ壬սʲôͬĿֱ˵
ȻƷ칬ŷ˵

һվ˳ǳŷ硣

ŷһһֶϻʩչǸķѡ
գɫȻŹŷ磬ɫη
ͨһֶϻ꣬Ҵͨû뵽㾹ȻҲᡣɫ΢΢Щȡ
ŷɫĮɨһۣ˵ûйϵų
ܷţͥȣı˶ųȥԺͥηڣ˵ɫ
ŷû˵תҪߡ
ۼȻѾˣһδı³쵭˵
ŷֹסŲЦ˵װˣ׼ˣ죬ҪɱҾΪҺܱģĲһһǶûС
սۣˡɫ䡣
ŷװװ̶ȣҲˣתߡ
ߣҵּ㶼Ҳأ˸ҽŷ¡Ȼϼŷ뿪ֱ˶ˡ
ɼΧ£ȥɫĮɱȻŹŷ硣
ݣƿ¡ŷȴȻ壬һЦЦ죬ҪˣҪɱңûеô򵥡
ϣ񡣡̫׽Цзŷɨ˹ȥ
ŷһȭֻظ֣ɱⱩֱѹȥ
̫׽Ǳɫķѣ˱ɱסԡѪ
̫׽ŭһͷ޴İ׻ɱ졣
׻ޱȣ̫׽ǵȫһһֱצ£ŷ簴˹
ѡ
ŷȣһֶϻֱ꣬ӽ׻˺ѡȻ̫׽ǿߣҲסһֶϻ꣬ԹŷڵʵҲֻǿߣܹӲͨ

̫׽Ԫ˻գԴԻŷѹ¡
׳ա
ŷЦһﾹȻдԪɱĵһ
𡣡
ŷٺȣһֶϻʩչ̫׽ǵԪ
θ̫ͨ׽Ǳɫܵв
࣬𡣡˻ԪƣһŻ⡣
һֶϻ棬̫׽ǲҽУԪ֮ⲻͣɢò˱ɫ
һִһ̫׽ϵͨɢ
һĻŷЦгħԥһն˳ȥ
µѪɫ£ֱ̫׽ǵԪ档ѾܴԪ񣬱ħУֱɢˣ
һɱ˶𾪣ŷĿ⣬𺳡ֻһսɣȻɱһǳɳ磬ǻ˵ãƾδĶ֡
ʶһ㣬ɼŷг˺⡣
ûϣһˣŷʱѾע֮ͥˡ
ô֣ɱŭ̫׽Ĳų購Ȼŷɱˣŭ˼㡣
һȺϲģҲɱңΰɡŷЦڷ֣ЩɽǿߣΪǿսĿ£ŹˣһʵܷӸǲˡȻĻŷҪɱ̫׽ǣûôףϾһ
ǰȻһȺǾһȺϲȻ߸⡣


1203 ս
߸ȻŷΧסȴδ֣վüͷ֪һЩʲô
߸ӣҲû˴ߴһɷ˭Ҫ˭͵ùˡ߸ĸԼӣҲ޿κΡ
ɱ
ŷ֣Щ
һЩɱ˳Χŷ硣
ǿŷ缤սЩսս׷⣬סԷĹùŷ缸޼ɣɱЩ񽫡
ڲҪˡ
ᣬûгֻ֣ǰһУɫˮ֪Щʲô
ۡ
ŷеħɨһնԼҲһͨУѪ
ŷȴһ㶼Ӱ죬һնһɨɳȥ
ֻһսŷ缤սʮЩΪսǿȻˣŷҲԡѪҪˡսսףŷ粻֪Ѿ˶ٴˡ
ɱ
ŷһɹ٣飬Ȼһˡ
䡣
ڴʱ߸һͻȻˣɱŷ硣
ȫͬڱ˵Ĺŷ͵ת߸ײһ
ۡ
ֻһײŷһѪ˳ܵһƣʱ˵ĸˡ
߸ɫ䣬ǬǹָŹŷ磬˵ŷ칬𣬸ɱɱȻŷ֣Ե
ŷֱ·磬Ȼȫʢʱڣδ߸Ķ֣οڻʮ⣬ŷ磬ùŷÿһζҪѺܴ
߸սħɨ趯ء
߸һ˫ǬǹѹǺӣɨŽδŷѪܶɼҾ̾ǺǹŷĶ֣ȴû뵽߸һ˾ܹŷز
ŷ磬־ܣ㲻߸ȡ
Ρ
ŷЦͻȻֱӽ߸ˣһ̣ŷһն˹ȥ

󵨡

ЩɼһǱŵˣǶû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵֡
ǳ֣ҪعŷĹǹŷȻˣҳ䲻⣬Ҫô׵ġ
ɼɫѿһŷ˵˴ǲֿµĽ
Щ˻ȻѾˣ첻𣬸͵ؽĸ֣նϣҲδܹ˵Լаٷ֮һٵİܹ
ԹŷʵһķϲУǶʹ򲻶һħҪöĸ֡
£ؿռ䣬ը飬ڱ١
ɫĮŹŷһɫƽδȴ͵һ⣬壬γһƣס˹ŷһ
¶һĨ̵Цݣһָͷŷ˹ȥ
䡣
µŷɳȥսս׶ѪˣƽɫѪ鲼ȫԵޱȡ
޻֮޵Сڣ¡¡죬Ƭ񷡣
ŷЦȾѪһɱȥ
ħȫ渴գһµħӰ֣ħ磬󣬽ڻʣ˻£Ҫһ㡣
ߣһֻ˳ȥ
ħûħӰ飬ʧ
ŷŲԣȻ˵ϣ۾սȴ˿δ
ˡ˵
Ǻǡ
ŷЦǿվɢһֿµϢһ˲䣬·֮⣬֮䣬޾Ĵ
֮΢΢ȣɫ
һӵľӣƣУһɿµϢŽδ
쾵
ɼҾû뵽ȻӶóˣ쾵ĳɵһûа취ĳɵƳ
Ȼŷһʵ̫ˣӡ
֣𶯣ᴩŽ񣬺ؼ䣬˾ܵһֿµƵǱɫȥ
߸
һ쾵һ⣬ޱȣŷǸ˹ȥ
볬ײһһƬȫ飬ʧˣЩɼΪ΢һ㣬˲
ȻѪ飬Ԫ񶼱ˡ
ײʵ̫ˣŷЦը飬ѪȾ񷡣
ɫǱѪһֻϹͷӶ¶ˣѪľ
ض𱻻ˣֳһ仰˵Ҵ
ŷ޵СǾվ˳̡

ڴʱͻȻŭһһƳǾ飬Ԫ񶼲һˡ


1204 ͨ
ĿɿڴǶ֪ΪʲôҪŭ
ŷѾˣΪʲôŭǲ⡣
мǿߣָһ㣬͵ɫһŷδĸһ˵Ծ
һ壬øֶΣҶˡЦһͻȻһ˳ȥ
ɴ󾪣칬жδ̤ȥˣȴԳĿɿڴ
ʱҲӦŷδղֻһȻĻΪȻɱս׺ǰħûҪ֪ȻҪٵͶٶʱ֮ǲܵģǻٵҲƬ
ڹŷǿķ㲻ˣֻһֽ;Ǳԭٻȥˡ
ɶһۣǸȥѾϳˣΣѺͥطĵطͱ׼պն
ŷ̫թˡ˵
ڴǰˣֶΣŷ粻ΪʥӣȻ첻µز£ֻһοŭˣŷδܹʦڣɫЩ̡
û˵ǲ̫ϿʦĻΪŷյĵӡǹŷܹӵɽɱ˹ŷ硣
ͲˣˡһЦ𣬴һĨϷʣŷ绯һ⣬򻨹ɽȥ
ǰΣ˳һЩˡȻҪ˶ǰļˣȴû˺ֻȴŷͥɱ֮󣬲նǡ
ʱŷжˣ뿪
ߵ𣿡˵һֵֻСضϹŷȥ·
ŷüһգֱն˳ȥ
⾪ȴûжĴֻ֣ǽһ˿ڣǹŷ뿪ͷȴȫסˡ
ʦӲģΪܹӳҵ𣿡ޱ飬һֻѹ£Ҫŷ糹С
ŷ缫⣬Ҫȥʵ̫ǿˣԶħƣһϢѹ񷣬ŷѹ
ǼµһĻ˾㤡
Ȼ岻ѹƣʵȻԳ۷ʵѾǸΣǵɽвܳɻʣɱʵѾɻˡ
ȻˣҲ޵Уܹ֮ģˡ
ŷսս׺ɢӴϢĹŷһֻغɱ⾪ûȥ
һִײŷȴûгɹȥԡѪһΣȻսսףҲȫסϾڻʵǿߣҲǾ콾սʵ̫ǿˡ
ŷѪԣ̲סˣۼҪѹ
ʱһӰ˳ǹգֱɱ
߸ңŭû뵽߸Ȼʱ֣һֱȫԸ
赲ĻȻΣաһ赲߸Ĺŷпܳȥ޵˼㡣
зɳһ澵ӣ쾵߸ӭ˹ȥ
䡣
һ޴ײ쾵ƣ߸Ѫɳȥܵ˿µشʱҲѪ쾵ĳɵ۵Ҳܵһ˺
һѹŷ磬һ潫ЩƵ쾵߸ѹ¡
ʱһµĹ֣ȫ֮⣬쾵
ۡ
һѪ쾵ȫ飬쳤ХŭꯣĶŭ۾һɫµ˼㡣
ŷᣬڱһնȻնϣȻһɫ⣬ؽȥ
꯺߸Ҳ˿ͣŹŷʧ
Һ׷ɱŷ硢꯺߸ܹɱǵˣΪͥۡŭ硣
˾ȣ¶ŵɫǸͲ֪ʲô顣Ҫ׷ɱꯡ߸͹ŷ磬Ǿסˡ
ʲô飿ǿѯʡ
һϢ磬ŷͼı棬ɱԲŻᱻֻͨҪɱǻ׽סǵˣܹΪͥۡ
ۣλҪˡһЩӱչصĵط߳о˸˸̰Ĺâ
ӵǿߣ뿪ԼӵĵطҲõΪۣͥζϵҫԴȻõְλ


1205 ħɽ
ˡ߸Ц
һӡ꯲м˵һֱûкøС
ŷ罫һҷ˳˾Ϲлλ֮ŷĸмף˳֣ŷһ׶༪١
лǣҲǰǡ꯵һЦ
ϵϢǰһȻѾ̤㵽磬Ȼĸ޵УҲԿ¡
һԲ꯵Ķ֣ȻǣҲĸ֡
ŷͷźðǡ
Ŀɨɽ⣬ŷ΢΢üͷһЩǿߵӰ֣ʱĳ֣ɭȻĿ⣬ȴһֱŻɽڡ
һȺ̰Ļ쵰߸ЦһҪȥ
ŷһѽ߸סҡҡͷ˵ȲҪ嶯˵ǿߺܶ࣬һΧˣǲ
жʮ˵
߸ȻҲɵӣҲоǿߺֻܶ࣬Ƣ꣬Щ飬޷ܣԸղŲҪȥ侲ʱֹס˳嶯
Ǹΰ죿߸ʵŷ˼ҡҡͷ䣬ҲǸҵɽ֮ס
ЩȻǲҽյĵ̣ǻûĳ嶯
뻨ɽȻɱ˹ŷǣЩҲԻˣվԻ˺ǡ
Щǿߣ¹ŷ磬Ҳ꯺߸ȴηգ޵е֮Ҳ˿
Ǵ۵λʵ̫ˣǾԲҪɱյĵӡ
û뵽һ죬ȻҪӻЩȻʧЦݵĶ񣬺ų칬һս񣬴ʱſ˶Լĵѹƣ̳ɾ֮λֻһܹ۷壬սݺɽ磬е֡
뵽ԷǶʮǿߣȻꯣҲȥͶԷӲƴ
ʱһ£ŷȴһסϢ˽ѣħɽ׷ɱβһ
ǹµ塣üͷһӱ³˶Էͼ
ҪչȥȻǰΧȫ𡣡߸˸⣬Ǭǹ𶯣һɳɱ
˽Ŀŷ磬һѽ⿪ľ֡ʹ֪һ壬Ҳòȥ
Ϊ˽ݺ⣬յʦܣһʲô⣬Ǻܲúս
ƾͼơŷ˵
˾ȣʲô˼ǿһŷֵʱ򣬶ʱ̲ס۾һ
ҪЩƨȫ𡣡ŷЦ˵
һɱģԷԸǣȻ˽׷ɱֵزǹŷ粻̵ġ
߸˶һۣԷеɱ⡣
һֱΧڻɽ˵Ҳһ̵飬ʵ̫ڱ˱첻µزµĶսˣʱȴط˵û뷨ǿ϶ܵģѾ˳ȥɱһĳ嶯
˽飬˵һйĻᡣ
ŷ뿪ɽһ֣ܵ˹ŷսսףӲǳ˳ȥ
Щǿߣֻмһ׷ٹŷ䣬󲿷ֱȥħɽ֪Ļŷ϶ǰǸطġ
߸ˣڹŷ뿪֮Ҳĵ뿪
ŷһ漤սһħɽսչֳ˼ǿսȻŷҲ޵Уα˻ˣһ䡣ЩŷսҲ֣ŷɱһش˺üˡ
һ뺷սܹڼ׷ɱ֮£ܹȡսŷҲˡ
ħɽһֵӰҲѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ԡѪе˵ģҲԼġ
˽䣬ûڵɽУȻ˸ĿŴ׷ɱԼ˵ģʵѾúܶȴ
䡣
һ̽ƣ˽串ǹȥ
ȥ
˽ŭͬ̽һֱֻ֣ӽԷĴֽضϣȻ󽫳ֵǸ˻ˡ˽Ҳ£һ˿Ѫ
˺أܹӵڣѾﵽһּޡ
ǵҪô˽ŭΪоԼֱһǿ߶ˡ
תȥ˵ݵʱ˽һ䣬˵ϽǶǷˣѵҪɱ𣿡
׷ɱˣȻǽ
˽ĻЦһû˵գɨµϢƵҪɱ˽䡣
浱Һ۸ˣҹȥϽ񡣡˽ŭг־ųݶңֱһӺݺݵ˳ȥ


1206 ΧȦ
ѣҷŴѹ¡
䡣
չᣬ졣ɨֱӽ˽Ķҵ˻ȥҲһ£Ȼס˽һеôɡ
˽ǻԡѪѾˣֱһֱ׷ɱһֱڣûлָڸѩϼ˪ˡ
䣬ɨ˴һۣתߡ
Ц׷ɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱһƵķӳ֣󸹱㣬ɫշħˣ˽俴˶Էһۣ̱һۡ
ƵҪֻвͣӴܡ
ʵĶܣȻϽҲѷɫ̫࣬ôǱһγֵʵ̫ˣȻʵǿҲס
ħɽдɺɶˣһЩսɣǧ֮ࡣǿ߶ʮȫ
Ǿ͵ȹŷ֣ŷУʱͿˣϴ۵λáջ᲻鷳ǵ̫⣬ΪһλãգҲֵõġʱӻǵǲջԼô
һǧǿߣȫ顣
˽ȻҲܵһУһ¶ɫ
ǧǿ߻ۣͻȻһУⲻΪ׷ɱҪɱŷǡݣ¾˶Ҫһ¡
Ⱥ˵˽ŭ
Ц֡
֮һӰ˽ڷ裬սս׷⣬Ȼŷڴˡ
һȾѪӰ˹ŷ߱һԣ˽䣬¶һĨЦʦأ㲻ġ
ŷͻȻ֣ħ䣬ˡ˽䡱룬𶯣ֻغɱȥ
һͷԻԭأɽСҪȥ
ƾϲҲװҶʦ壬ֱЦŷֱ֣Ĩɱͷ
ʦҿɲʲôϲĶװġ˽֣ԡѪеĵطѾɿݣеĵطȴѪ
ɴ˿ԿǾĲп׷ɱһֹѪȻÿʱÿ̶ڳŹ
ʦģҹŷҲˡŷ˵
ĿȻɨգһǿ֣߳һǧˣжʮһɿµƷ칬
ŷɫ信ģ˵ŷѾˣ÷Ҷʦ뿪˰ɣ
ߣ˭ߡڣĿɭȻڹŷϣɱ⡣
ϽҲҪ񣬵Ҵʦڳ֣˽Ц˵һѪĿɭȻ
սʤǷǳôǲµĻǿԳ֡շħ죬Ȼһȴǳͬһħ
շˡշһۣ˽ŭ
˵ףշ𣬶ǷˣҲǷʹߣȴͬ׷ɱʵһַ̡
ѾħǷúħյЦ
ŷ翴һۣм˵ʣ˵ĹȻһɵơ
շЦݽסˣŹŷ磬ħӿҪһ
ͷ뿪ֻɱŷ硣һǿ߿ڣǿ֮ʣ֮ɢһֿµѹ
ſɱ˹ŷ磬նȻưոݣͷҲһǳ֮ˣǷ½ܵǵı˶Էһۣɫһɵ
ȻţҾһҪţŷҪɱǲǣ޹˽Ѿã뿪ſܰԵ˵жЩм
һȴûзùŷЩȣ΢΢˼ͻȻݣſΪǿƣ֮ӣѪλߣȴһ֣Ϊ֮ӵİǿƲ
Ҳ÷˽ȽϺáһӿڣ޳һ˫˸Ĺâ˾η
õߣҲ룿ʵ
ɽ֮һõߣŷ羪ȣ˵ͷ湻ġ
飬츳ǿѪˣУǾԵǿߣӵܡ
ǡõֻ˵һ֣㲻ٿڡ
˭ܹܵһĨΥĸо
ɫÿȴҲòʵһóһ·
˽俴˹ŷһۣ˵תߣȥ˰Χ˲ʧ
С֮м̡


1207 һս
ŷ翴һۣɫм
ſҲЦȻܲмĻ
ڻõߣֻǿ˴һۣȻЦ˵ˣԶļһ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ŻõߣЦʲô˼
ȻΪʲô˼֪׳աõЦ
㡭
ŭŻõߣɭȻ˵ס飬Ҫҵ䵥Ļᡣ
˼ԣǻõ䵥֣ɱõߡ
ɽе˶֪õߺſ֮Ǻѣ˻Ӱ룬֣Ժɽ硣
ߣúְ׳˵Ҳȥʲô۵λãˡõߵ˵Ȼת뿪
ڳ˶һ㶣Ȼû뵽ǾȻ뿪ˡȻֽܶ˵ģϾǿߺնɱŷĹͣȻˡ
ֱ뿪ʧ
ǧǿ߽ŷΧסǻ
ߵĶˣҲˣʱˡŷ絭˵
˶һ㶣ֻдһͻȻ˵һ⣬Զȥ
һ˲䣬ħ硣
󷨣˾
׵󷨣ǱˡҲ˲䷴ӦǶʱףԼŷˡ
˶Ŀ¶׹⣬Źŷ硣

ŭһͷǧ򼣬
ͣ
һɱ£ˣ챻Ρ
ѡ
ŷͻȻ֣ʩչһֶϻ꣬ΣȻֻ𶯣磬ɱ⣬ͷû

ͷȻˣҲڣѪģֻʣ´Ԫӳȥ
ɱһǶһǿߣߴޱȣʱŷ֣Ҫɱ
ĺ˳֣ͨ죬ȫŷû
Ǿһɡ
ŷ¶һĨаЦ£ǿУȻըˡ

˲ҽУ٣һ㱻ɱֻʣԪ񣬻ˣԪήҡ
ҲʱӰ棬ȫµעСһˣȻǸղԱĹŷ硣
ôܣΧǿߣȫɫѿ
һ塣ɫ࣬뵽һͨ
仰˵ɫ쳣ÿ֪Լˣŷĳ֣ǹģǾ£ʵѾ˴Ҫһ򾡡ʩչһͨĹŷ磬ʧֻһԪѡ
ɱ
ŷ˵
ˣ߶ħʮɷ󣬹ŷǽԼսս£
ϾʮɷȻħվֻһôԳ
սսػǾȫһˣЩҪԲеô򵥵ġ
ſ󣬻õߣΪʲôҪΪŰ˴𣬳˲ʡ
ŷŮΪ֮ӣ۸ҵ˵ΪʲôҪſЦݡ
֮ӣŷȢ˶Ů˵Ҳ󱲣ſ֣Ȼֲøղͻõ˽뿪Լ뿪ˣǸϹŷʩչһС
˶ˣҸ֪֮ܵԼΣˡ
ӵսǿߴ߶ʮħͷſµɱ⣬ޱɱ£Ѫ졣
дɳأҪһը飬ѪȾ񷡣
ֳ
սս׷⣬סЩŷЦԼ󣬽ɫĻѪ䣬սսȫȾ
䣡
սս׷⣬ɢĻʵϢŨеĹסͳ岻ơ
Ѫ⣬˸ҹһƬѪɫ˵Թǿ󲻸ʵԹ
գŷ뿪ĴһƬѪɫѰʿ޷ͻᱻԹֱ֣ӱ
ΪһƬأΪ̫ǿߡ
һս¾ǿȻŷǵֶ̫ѪˣҲ㹻ǿǧǿߣнʮȫɱ
ҹ֮ƬѪɫУһִֻ˳Ȼһ˴г
а죬ħ˸˷
շȻδһ٣ŷǶƭȥˣ֣֮Ȼֱӱȥ
ôһֲõԤСŷһüͷ˵
д׳ǵĵˡ꯱ӣͻȻſ۾˵
˭߸ѯʣǬǹ
˫㣬β˵һ֣շ𡣡


1208 ִ
𣿡ŷɫȡ
ʵǹŷ⣬߸ǶЩš
Ǽһ̫ƻˣȻǵӹһ٣ԹѪ֮ڸɫء
Ҫλŷɴ۾һһٵ˵ֻ˲µշĿġ
꯵ͷշڵ״̬ȻǻߣǾսǿĿ£δݣɽҲвӵߣ˵ɹ
Ҫùˡ߸˵Ȼһֻĸо
߸һۣЦù󣬶Ҫǵùˡ
˵շλɹֶ֮Ըǣ߸ɫһݡ
շĴλɹŷǣǾ鷳ˡ
޺ȻͥҲ̫ࡣȻĻ磬ҲһĴڡ
ɵգûɳɨɽշѾħˣħˣ߸͹ŷ磬˼ʲôֵĿԷǳ
뵽߸ɫѿɵģ鷳ˡ
ȷʵ鷳Ҹһ顣ŷЦ
ʲôһ̲סʵ
ͥͷ֣ʱһͬʩѹɽǻܶס𣿡ŷ練ʡ
˻
꯺߸һۣԷе𾪡
ķŷ˵ɽԵס
ֻշλɹŷЦ
꯺߸ɫأʵѾ˲õԤСһշλĻɹ
ǿߣһǷǳ׼ȷģȻָоǾͶˡ
ҪùˣȻǵù
׼ɡŷ˵ɫء
á
ǵͷֻ׼ˡ
һպ󣬵ɽ紫һϢշ𽫴ϳ磬Ϊķ档
еʿЩţ޵еĴ߸ϣĤݵĴڣȻϳ˷磬е̫λˣһ㶼ʵ
һϢ˵ע⡣
ͥˣʦɽ
еʿһָоɽҪˡ
ţޣһµħߣһŭշ죬ֵܵĵطַܹģҪԼҲʹ졣
ţħ֣ɢſµϢ磬ħܹһʥˣȻִˣߴʥᱻ
ͬʱʥҲڣ档
Ⱥ裬գ硣
һ̣屬չֳ˵
ʥ׼ңͽܸŮ˭ǸҶǶ֣塣Ҳǿվ˳ȻǰңĮޱȣɱ⾪졣
޾һվͦһˡ
˶һĸоͿ̬ͥˣֻҪǲԸһսȻҪѣԲ޾֮ǰļδսҪС
Ҫʬ޾٣ǿҲпܱɱѪȾء
ţޣţħڵĵطܵ˹ֵħ죬ţħӲƴ˼ΣȻߡ
ա
ţħŭѪղżײ·磬ջˡ
ţ󲮣յʵɲˣǧǿߵԹڶ춼δܹѹŷѾϵΪշпȶţħ֡
ûгŷǵϣȷʵˣղ֮ߣΪܵŷǵĴڣԲûм
һˣţ̫Σˣȥɽɡ˵ɫء
ߡ
ţħһԥûУ˵ͷԼµǧ뿪
һ·ǰУ죬ʿһǻΪţħҪʲôطء
ֵܣһֱ㶼һˣôû뵽µıôţţϴһ§סŷ磬ٺЦ
һǳ⣬ΪͻƵ磬ɽĳǿߵУɽҲһˡ
ˡ
ţϴʱһԴϣţħԼĶӣŭһûأԳʲôţҴ
ţϴʱ˵ˡ
ŷŹֵĿһۣ뵽
ţħ֪ŷе뷨һ˵
ƺƵɽʥȻѾˣǶһۣıһ
ŷһ񺮣ЩһﲻĳֲȺðɣ


1209 ʢ
ŷͷһӰһ§סŷ硣ڡЦֵڼˡ
Ҳе㼤Ǳչسŷ粻ڣڹŷڻˡ
˵ŷϣͬˣʱİ
ŷЩᣬԼɲϲˣȻҲܹо˵顣
ˣҪأô˿أҪۡŷЦ˵Ȼˡ
Ů߹֮ӭȥȻסǡ
ˡŷ쳣˵ڵǲöˡ
ڡ̲סһۣһʵ̫ɫˡǱһ𣬾ñ˿ЦںŮ˱һ𣬾Ͳ˿Цˡ
ŮħŮû̫ŷ磬ֱӽŷƿȻţħ΢΢񣬵λ塣
ãһöţħЦӻͳɫӣȻ˹ȥ
ӣΪǵסǿߵһܹסʱţħܡ
Ů˶ʱ۾һϽлţħȻڸ첲ϡ
Ǹö۷ôţħǿߣȫӶԷĽȻͬ
ţϴĽĶţħ˺ܳʱ䣬ֻţħһֱûиȴû뵽ڽ쾹ȻŮħŮ
ʥţħˣȻҲ޶ԡ
ħᣬϼᣬÿһܹͬ˵ȫ
еĽĶŮħȻһǿߣδܹס
ħսףΪԼۼƵģ쳣̣һҪƣǳѡ
ɽʥʨѻƽ𽣣ͬΪΪơ
ŮЩŤһ뵽ԼõǶԷݣŤʨȻҲ˵뷨ЩЦá
Ů֪ԼеˣʵǿߣȻࡣ
⨺ûͳ촽΢Ůȴ¶ϲɫ˭Ҳ֪˵һЩʲôǿŮɫȻڵĶԵ˲
ٺһЦó飬ݸŮ
㲻Ǹɣţħɫ΢䡣
ֶϱһͨԷЦ˵һʺͳӡ

ֵʱ˶뵽ĳƺţʥͨʹ顣
νʵϲϵ񣬶֮ĶҪָ
ӵ֮ͬǿԵΪãǸӴ
ǲɶõͨû⴫˭Ҳû뵽ȻڽգڸŮ
ŮȻҲͨҪԣɫ࣬л
лңҵֶϱСϷѧѧˣҪ̫ϡʥЦ˵
СϷϿҲֻʥ˵Ļ
һЦû˵Ȼ֪ʥǫ顣ȻħŮû˵ʥǵȻܹͨĲͨ
ʥͳĶȫòĽŷ綼Щˮţħ˵λ壬㿴СҲģһЩССϷɡ
һͰ͵ӣü˿Цá
ҵǿԴͨţҪΪһҵǲ⴫ͨ㡣ţħЦЦ˵
ðɣŷֱӱ죬ûȤ
˴ЦŷԱӵǷǳ档
ʥɽµʵ̫ˣɽ죬дա
־ٲȻһкͥͥļ
ɽ𶯣ߴʥ϶ΪһҪͥͷԿĻһսɽ磬ᰲ·ǿ߶Ҫ
׼ʵʱ򣬳ɽ硣аħĵµӰаħʼϡ
ߵʲôȥˣţħĿתŷ硣
Ҳ֪
ŷЦ֪ȥڤˣôĶ֪ܲһֱûг֣϶бԭ
ûнȻţħǰŷ綼˵
ϾҪ飬ʵ̫ˣһҪ©ǳġʱ߽٣Ҳ˭Ӳ
ֻ׼֮󣬲ܹ
¡


1210 ɱ˾
ţˣʦֲǲ֪ʲôʱ߹ˡ˽֣ΪŷΧһסţħЦ˵ҵһöҪһȥء
ʲôţħɫЩɻ
ûʣΪҲ˽ͼҪΪŷΧȥˡ
ʦĺơ˽ٺЦ
ţħ۾׵ĺƣûкȹû뵽˽侹ȻҵǸ
ߣȾȥţħҲյˣ֪վԹҲˣԼ
˽뿪ŷӣ¶һĨЦģŲ죬üͷܲܳ磬ŷ粻֪Ҳûġ
߸߸ϣǵǿʲôزգһ㱻ɱɳɮѪȾ񷣬һɾͻߵĽӣҲɱЩ飬һ붼̲סз
ǳأᴩŽѪȾ񷣬޷ߣϣǰ·ãδ
ŷ̾һΣҪ뿪磬ȻǰлߣҲֻǰ
̫ǣңﲻӦͣĵطֻһ̫ͣҪȥ
ŷ粻ΪԼǾЩ飬ǱȥģȻܹƴǡ
ǧפǿƣǶ಻ʤӴ֮ûһ˸ڽӽ±ħ̻ˡ
һ˽
ʲô飿ţħʵƣʵʥǣ⼸սµĺƺһʱϣȻЩˬ
ǸţħһϽ˵зּ
ּǿЦշǼһﻹΪԼΪ棬ܹδ̫˰ɡᣬɫ¶һĨЦ
ûж೤ʱ䣬ϵϢԽԽɲˡǰĻȫ̶һʱ䣬Ѿ۷塣޾µĻۣţħĴʥϷֺ
Ǹ˵ֻǵͷ
ȥ߸վǬǹ𶯣ɱȻ
һ£һȥŷ˵
ǸʹֻһɾʿǸ˵ɫЩ
һ㶣ЩЦáţħǵһۣû˵ǰ׳𣿼Ȼһɣɱˡ
սնʹǸȻҲ֪ȵϢֻ˵֮˿Цá
㻹ŷЩʵ
Ҳʵ̫˰ɣо˶ҪظʲôսնʹǶƭɵӵģĲˬˣɱľʹߡ
ǸСĶŹŷ磬˰˵Сܿ϶һ㲻ûɡ
ŷЦãȱ۵ģЩˡ
ţħһۣʵ£ֱ֣ţħһֶ˵ĸо
ŭһѡԼŰ졣
Ǹеµ壬ʱӦˣ˵վȥ
ãһŭǸʹ߱ɱȻûдء
ʹ߱ɱһϢȥܶ˾ȣ۷׷ףǾ÷Ŷᱩŭʼ򻨹ɽ
ǵϵǣƽһ㶯ûСҲһǸͶԻɽһȤûһ
ⲻ֪ıԣ쵽ԡ
ôˣţħʵ
꯿һ񷣬üͷ˵ţûиоϵǳе㲻ԡ
ţħ꯵Ļʱ̲סһ£쿴һۣ̲סһ𣬾ǳ󡣡
Ǹӣõɽ鶼ûǳ֮ʮ֮ڣ֤ǵǻٵʮҡ˵дһĨŭɫ
Ҫ֪Ƿǳģ󲿷ܹٶ꣬һЩԶ֮ˣһ꣬ǧ궼ܹǳ֮ȡǳɽԪϡ˼㣬ʮָܹ
ţħ˵
ǲһţħһתһһӰ֣Ǳˣա
ߣڿϳˣһΪҵءţħЦ
յһۣû˵˭ɱң˵С㡣ĻţħЦȻֹɲյĶ֣һڵɽм޵ˣţħҪǿƵĶˡ


1211 ǿ
Լıӣţħû˵㲻壬ֵΪ飬ҵҪˣǰ㣬㾹Ȼ˵ĻҪңʵ̫ˡ
հţħһۣû˵ôĺƣô˵ǸأȻǽľȫȹˣҪһ
쳣ĺƣô򵥵ģǳһЩ鵤ҩһڣ̺ȴ⼸һ̣ˡ
ǺǡţħεЦǳײ˵ˡ
Ͼǽյľ͵ȹˣô˵˵ȥ
Ƕ󣬺ôǣͲ´ʼԪ齫ͷ쿴һۣЦһ
ʼԪһֱֻ֣ҪΪߣͲвͲģһѾûκμɵˡЦȻǶ죬ȴһøжûС
ôˣţħЦ˵ɫɡ
ղ֣һ㵣ǣճˣʵǿҲĥ
ּǿߣ಻𣬳ܵߵĴȻ޷ɱ
ûǲҪеıȽϺãҪһˡЦ˵
˻һţħɫ䡣꯶üͷӣ֪첻µز£ݺ޼ɣһ˸칬㵲ס칬ǿߡ
֪˭˵һȥҪҵͽһȥյЦ
ߵĹŷ磬յĻһ˫һЦõĶգʦɱˣ˼ҲȻ칬ͽҲһеСҪֱҰɣͽܰɡ
ȥͥŷԼӹˣһ뵽һ㣬̲סСȶӷ
ϢֲͥʲôأΪβȥ˵ʦ㵣ĸʲôʱʦͽ죬ҵǿͥл˭Ҷ֡Ц˵
죬ţħȻݣû뵽վȻͷ
ʦûհɣŷʵһ滹Ҫȥ̽һյĶͷ
ɫһڣֱһƳȥŷȷԶ˵ľˡ
ʦ㲻һûͬءŷ簧
ȻղĻĳ֣ɽʿΪ֮һ񣬱ͥͷǿѹľȴһְȫУʥȻǿΪΣ
ͬʱ۴˳ʥأǿޱȣ£Ȼն԰ۿͿһǿߣΪܵܣԵʵϷֺ
ĳ֣ûɽʿﵽ۷塣
Ȼ޾ĺǶ֪Բϵô򵥡ʥز޾ǿߣǳء
һ壬ֵùͥ
еС֮ıܳɹˡմЦ죬һ˫ӶŲ񷣬ǿǸˡ
ߡ
У߸ϣ쵽½Ķʱɫúѿ
շ档ּ
ǡ
һʹǰȥշ档
롣ʹ磬շ档
ʱ磬Ȼû֮ǰͣһƬħ죬˶ǻħŰ˼㡣
Ǹʹʱһ£ﻹǷ棬ֱħ档
Ѿ֪շħһħһޱȡ
ǸʹϽ뿪뱻һȺħƣʵ̫ˣǷ縣أѾΪħ
ֱʹ뿪շЦһ
һڷУƽշ𣬿κ
ڶħҷʲô˼շ𵭵ʵ˸ħ⣬ŵڶħ
ڶħڡ
շһû˵
Ҳаħһ֣࣬ͬ࣬Կɽ磬ʱħڶħ˵
ħ𣿡շЦ
շĻڶħǲЦ˵ǾԼԳΪһħҲûħʵҲֻһһħҵӣųΪڶħġ
ãҴӦ㣬Ҹշħ˸ֱӴӦ
ʹ죬ûгڶħԤ⣬̲סЦʹ죬Ҿϲˣǵһ̸
շͷ뿪ʧ


1212 
ɽԻɶʼжǻǾۼһ𣬻Ͷǿߣ˶ܹԤú󣬱ȻѪȾɽ磬ʿᱻȥ
ʦ㵽Ҫʲôŷ˵ദϵЦͻȻʧʵ
֮ѳȥΪػߣΪʦ𡣡տ˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ŷȴҡͷ˵Ҳš
һ㶣ϵЦݽʧȻŹŷ磬ʵʦҪʲô
ȲԺھҪ֣Ҳ֪㵽ʲôƣԼѳȥļ˳ȥĻܹԲ׼ŷ˵
ЦĸˣŹŷ磬ȻΪҵĵӣҲϾеѡһ˳ѳȥʲô˼ҪɽУ߾
ŷ۾ʱɴˣµҲбĿģȴû붼Ȼ⡣
õɽл߾ҪǣŷǶԸһߣܹۼǿߣʩչһЩֶΣҲܹɹǶԸߣͲܡ
۷ͬĴڣĥ𣬸οǸ߸ϵĻʡ
ܲ˼ûбҪȣҲҪɱǣҪƣסһꡣЦ
סһ꣬ŷ羪ȣյĿġ֮£ɱҪ򵥵һ㣬ҲֻԶԣȻѡ
ҵİžУաŵ˵
ŷһҪѪգȻ˵һİٱӣùŷЦã˭š
㲻ҪΪվͺܵͣһ꣬һգǶ᳢ԣο㣬֮Ҫǡ˸ɣȻ˵Լֻգȴһ㶼ģһʮӣ⵹ùŷУһɺ顣
ʦͽ֣һ֮꣬󣬿ΪʦնɱߡմЦ
˶һۣܹԷеĺ顣
ߣʲôδ޵С
һЩţŷ˳ֱӳҪȥͥɱ졣
ŷ粻°ɣħŮЩǵʵ
ɲԼպ͹ŷȷϵŷͱɵˣ͹ŷһ쳤ؾء
ģҪŷʦ˼ɽ磬ǾԵ޵УȻͥǿƣҲδܹκǡŮǺģֻҪǵɽˣտ϶ź˽⣬֪޵е
ںܶ˵УһҪˡ
ʦŲءħŮֹ
׵ľգҪǿ׵ĻôֻһˣŹŷǰֱͥ
ϣû°ɡüͷЩǵ˵
һûµģϽô궼ˣڻʦĸڹŷߣȻ¡ڡԹŷ絹ʮ㡣
İɣǺǰëëꡣӳˣûаյ飬Բţħڣοˡ
߸칬Ϳ϶һٷֵİգȻŹŷȥðյģǷİɡħڡ

˶ͷ΢һ㡣
ŷˣֱͥȥٶȿ쵽˼£ϣͥ
һ֣ŷһǰʮĴ£ɢſֲɱ
ʥذɡһ񽫿ڣɫÿա
⣬ҲҪңЦԼսף죬ЩоȻһĨӡ
ңȫɱʥС񲻸Υ񽫿Ц˵ʵ治ս
˵ĺȻʮҲδعһɱõġ
߻һ֣ŷսѾͥǶ֪ӵһ壬ֻǷǸɱġ
Ҳۣͥÿ޵£ʦͽַ֮ǲΪŰճĻ˿ŷ˵
սۣͷȻѾջأվǴۣںְܶλȽϵ͵ͥǿ˵еֲеĶԴ
˵ŷı棬ʵϺ֮ܶԱǵġǹŷʲô飬ǵ˴ԲŻıʡ
һ˳Źŷ磬һ񣬲ʵʴۣͨһ塣
Ǻˣŷ綢ŶԷʵ


1213 
Ͼͳһ󱲶ѣҳݡǸ˵ŷȴ֪ǫˣһҳݣǲ֪ʲôˣܹ콾ˡ
ɽеҲȷʵǶףǿҲֻвļЩȻҲȴûʲôԽУΪʵǲڡ
Ȼǿߣ֮УϽ֮УǾͲһˣԵĳһ档
ҵͨȷʵһ壬Ҳ˵ϾԴڡŷ˵
ʲôǸɫ䡣
ݼʦͻȻ£˵ĻŷһôΪʦˡ
ŷ׹ԷϾԴͨӦϾĵӣԲųƺΪʦ
ŷϽ͵ˣҲʦϾǰȻͨȴûΪͽƽơ
ҡǸֱӹͲˡ
ڹŷ˵ģϾδΪͽǸҲţ֪Ͼͨ״ڸˣرһ壬ŷȻѧͨȻǵʦҲҪء
ŷЦãһۣɫȻ˿ûиԼΧ˼ŷ΢΢ԥһ£㿪˵ż˵ҺʦҪȥ鷳ǸϽ·
ǣҶÿǸŷĻһ㶼ԥֱӿ
񽫿Цã֮ĹϵܺãԼֵľҲ˵ˡ
Ͼһ̣ǸͲΪԵǴ˵еʥǷضܹƷ
ĺӲĻǱճ
Ͼĵͳɽ磬ٷ֮ʮ޵֮ˣϾĵͳϵŷȻͬϾĵӣȻҳ֡
һ֣ǱǴ󲻾Ȼ
·ùŷɫŹ֣һۣһﲻѾ˵İɡ
УŭһĿɭȻ
ҲһЩи֪߳ʲô飬һ֪á
һʮ·ǧ򣬾Ȼȫûг֣ùŷǰȻȥˣһĶûС
ΪģֻǹŷݣпϾĵӡڵɽУϾӰʵ̫ˣ֮¡
棬ƺǶӵĿ϶
ű飬ŷ˽
ǰǶңʱ֣Ҫպ͹ŷ硣
ǵ³ֻ֪һӳѾﵽǿȫ飬һƬѪ
ְԵֶľսգһӡ
죬ˡ˵
ɫ䣬ɢȻϡϣޱȣ˾
Ϊ˭ܹɱңʣɨһɣֻɱˡ
ɹٶˣ³ǳңֱӻɱѪȾ˵
죬㶯ְɣ֪ЩġЦ˵еָЦ˵ǼһѹƵɽô꣬Ҳǵͷˣһ̡
ΪֻЩЦЩ̡
ȻǣȻʲôֶΣҲ塣մЦ˵ɷɱȻ
ɴף˵һߡֻʦĴʦվ˳ǵǰ档
ʵ
ͷ㲻Ҫ񣬵Ǵ飬Ѿˣڲ꣬Ȼ˺𣬼ֱħͷ졣ʦǳ⡣
ħáŷûһ䡣
ңʦһ£ĿɭȻݺݵĶڹŷϣֱҪһ
ŲһҴأŷЦ˵
ʦ˵ŷ㶯ˣֱӳֻ֣غɱȣڸʦϣɳȥ
ۡ
ʦԡѪһķˡ
ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪһ
ٴ㡣ŷЦ˵
ңʦŭһ㱻ˣŷ͵Ϯˡ
ۡ
Ѫն˳ȥʦֱնΣŷ֣ҪɱʦԪ
ǸϽ֣ס˹ŷ硣ĴʹȻŷսףҲˣ³һѪԺˡ
ҪŷѪݺݵĶżˣҪ
䡣
ڴʱձɨֱӽĴʦ÷飬Ƿǳ޵еˣȴ̫ԶˣͲǶ֡


1214 ս˫
һɨĴʦ˾֣Ƕգֱڿһ
ļ䣬ٴαҿǸʱգųʥǽһݣȻȴ칬ԡѪսˣǿǿ߶Ϊ֮
ĵԪҪߣŷȻǻᣬ̫ݻһ磬ĴԪУȻ𶯣Էֱӱ顣
ʦͽ˺ƿ¡
Ĵʦɱ
죬㻹ʲôצȻЦʵ
һЦͻȻ˵档
棬ŷһת˹ȥһɢħħ֣Ǳˣշ
ʱ˸׿Ĺâɷ졣
Ѿµǻҳ֣Ը棬գΪˣӦҵ־ܣշʵӣء
龪֣Ǿһִħھ֮ϣӲǳǡ
ܶɪɪֻһЩΪڡɡʿǿסħȻˣҲǻ
շڵʵƿµ˼㣬һǳ⣬ܡ
αѣҲ¹򣬶ұǷ绤Ϊսʤҵĵλ֮¡Ц
֮Уֻһ˵ĵλ֮ϣǾǴգ˲ԵȵĶѡ
շλȻ˵棬棬ȴԼ
Ϊշ棬֮סշ˵գħӿ˺⡣
ãУҲҳƷ棬ֱһЦѵûпԼţһǣһ˫۾ֱһˡŷ翪ڱ̡
ҷ𲻾һֻͬħ죬չἸ죬ŷѹ¡
ǷˣȻҲˣ̫𣿡ŷϻս׺սһ
໥飬ǾȻһ൱úܶǿ߶һλðĸо
ʵϹŷȴףԼԲǴĶ֣Էǿ󣬱֮ǿߣҲֻ磬ħǸǿߡǻս׷ˣŷ͵סȻˣŷҲһֳĸо
ȻսʤҪѳ磬ƶɮҲͲˡշͻȻ˵ͻȻħӿȻնˡ
ɫ信ɨɱȥ
䡣
һµײԶԶȹŷʹ֮ҪǿĶ࣬շˣһ˿Ѫ
ĶգЦȻΪʥû뵽ҶѾܹѹˣȻĶ֣һ֣ɱ
á
վǰƣһ־˵˾̾
ǿߣһˣȻյĵ죬ʱҲ̲סɫ信ǿߣս졣
ɱ
ɱгһѽɫĳɷ죬޾ڲҺһ
綼ֳ롣ϣͨδ֪Ŀռ䡣
䡣
ճ֣𹿰ɨìײһ𣬺һȴʮÿһȳն飬бޱȡ
ΨҶħɱ
շȣɱ˹ԼĽֶ࣬¡
ԹĿͷһοϱסĿµĹâֱӻ࣬ߣ൲ס
԰һһŭ𣬽𹿰ݺݵ˽࣬ƣȻһ̣Ȼըˡ
ʲôշԾĺһ𶯣³һѪ
Ľǰһħ֮üû뵽ȻǱˡ
յĽ𹿰һ㣬ǧҪĽ𹿰Ӳ˵ȣһͣй˷սɱȥ
𶯣һӡȴûܵκʵʵ˺ŭһһֻȥ
ߣգȻܶȥ
ЦһеĽɫֱն˳ȥ
ۡ
պųƲǾȻնˣһֻƱضϣɫѪû񷣬ÿһѪ̺ɱ˾㤡
ȻͬǿߣԸӴյѪǣѳеɱ
׽
ŭĿԲһ֡
ȻǸɾ
׽רƲʮ׺£Ƕס׽Ǳֻ֮ǿҲ׽֮Կˡ


1215 
գųƲҾҪ㵽ܲɱЦϢޱȣһŻޱȡ
䡣
ղ˵һȥʱѡ
һƬɡ
׽µĽԹ죬ɷһƽ𽣹նƻ磬ʮ

ײˣҲһ
Уܹסһ˲࣬һ
գȻΪʥˣѹƣܳɻʣѾɾ͸ˣʱڻУҲ޵е˵
ߡ
ߣһ˹ȥշֿȻ˺ü
˾̾Ͻ֮ǿǿߣվȻѹǣɽеĵһˡ
죬Ҳ˰ŷսҳ֡
սս׷⣬תޱȣǻսףɱסŷ磬սУѹơ
ϣһұն㡣ڣĮŹŷ磬׽նһ
ơ
ŷֻ֣𶯣ͨ죬ֿ
䣡
һ죬ŷ絹ˣѪȻлսػĿ´ȣ̫࣬ͲǶ֡
ߣԭΣչἸ죬µɱⱬŷû
¾񡣡
ŷ𣬻ʥȣѪڣ֮ײ
ѣŷɳȥһֻ۶ϣѪ
ŷսб飬ԪתգȻɱ˳ȥ
ᣬΣһһͣ޾ݺᣬȫһɱѹ¡
졣
ŷٴγ֣Ȼǻ
Ľ飬ȫ飬ɱͻȻµħݣȴȫվ쳤Хħͬʱһ㡣
ŷüһŻʣʱ͵۾𶯣һȭŷͬһȭ
µ֮Ĵѹסˣ֮䣬ֻйŷһ˶ȻǶ̲סɫвˡ
Ҳһ˲䣬ŷͻȻת䷽ɱշ
ͬʱҲ֣һ⣬շ˹ȥ
ۡ
շ飬Ԫŭ𣬳˾ȣʱĽ⣬ֱӶԪ
һʾסˣ˭Ҳû뵽͹ŷ֣ɱշǸղŻսȴͬʱ֣ɱһˣʵ⡣
շԪգȸղҪСĶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ʵŭһ˫ԹӣڴϣŭΪʲô
Ǵˣ˵ΪʲôЦħͻȻʧɫķޱȡ
ǷͽΪôܺͬۡЦ
ŷ縺ֶΧסշԪ˸ž⡣ղһ֣㴫ùŷ֣ɱշ
ŷҲǵ󣬾Ȼֱ˴Ȼշȫעʱ֣ԼǿĹ
Ͻ͵ϮȻշΪޱȣǴʱҲشһս㡣
Ҫ
շŭɱȥ
ŷЦһ֣սշ
ʧȥսշʵʵҲͺʹ̫࣬ҪһЩڹŷ֣ͲǶ֣ɱĲҽȱ顣
ƣŷ粻֪ղ֪ܲСˡ
ֻϽȻʲôöǻеģսӷиϳвֻǼװ˳ȴϵң˵ƻֻǵǸɵͽ¶ţԲûиմЦָʮҶҪɱ㡣
գȻǴʼԪˣֻǹ磬ȴδʿ¹֣αأʱ˿̣ڿʼеˡ
ûжʿ֣ƤҲģΪҲ֪𣿡ЦĿɭȻϣɱ⡣
ʿ㰵ɱ˻һܣͬ޵Уսɾ磬նɱ۷Ĵڣȴͬһʹʧȥˡ
ɽһ󱲣죬Խնɱаħ⣬սһλȻ˶飬ǸʱҲֻһսɣʧңȥˣյɫг˳


1216 ĸ
յĻмɫ䣬վ˳Ŀдһ˿š
źɽɵǿߣˣʷϣΪܳţȴʧ٣˭Ҳ֪ȥˡ
յ˼ǾȻɱˡ
뵽ԼЩһֱЧǾ͸оġ
ôһʵ
ɽɶͥĹȴɱɽ콾ĺǸɽɵҲ˵
Ƕдһ˿ߡ
ߣǴ洴ʼԪ飬ɽĹпܳȻҪǴʼԪ˼ҪʣȥʴʼԪȥҪҡЦ
ʼԪһ˵ɽɺŵɫѿǿһ˵еĴڡǶǴʼԪµˣȸ߸ϵĴڣҲֻǴʼԪĵӡ
ˣֻܹ
µɰ㻹ҪйŻʹƣֻҪ˴ﵽ߾ͻᱻɱҿ㲻Ҫ֮Ĺ򣬶ǺвԼĵλǲˣνô꣬ѵͲζŷЦ˵֣շԪɱȻһΧסĻ֮󣬹ŷ̲ס̣ĵþִţȴˡ
ϣҺԼûǰһɱ㡣˵
ɱңУҪϻˣҾͲܹ˵Ķ֡ŷЦ˵
ɣա֣ȴߣûܹס
˭˵ֻһˣЦ
ĻһӺݻŮ˹ĸ£̬ϡ
ĸɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ƿ֣Ϊܹսʤ𣿡ЦޱߣָŷǣǱ
ĸҪҵȶ֣ʵɫȻùŷЩɻΪʲôյĶĸ̬ȫһյԸӦֱӳֲŶԡ
ޱһ壬ҷûǴʼԪ飬Ȼܹȥǳְɡĸﵭ˵Ŀɨˣ֮Ũˡ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵һۣ죬һ
ߣҪϻˣҪսǱսЦ
ղ˵棬óˡ
棬˶һ㶣շǸոձɱνķ˭
֪֮˵˭ˣǱˣǴ
ׯϣһۣɫϣеĽسɷ𡣡
ĻЦһ̲סЦ㲻һõĴڣΪܹȻ𣿼ֱǿЦҪ֣ǱְɣҵҪõļһжô
õĴڣŷɻ˹ȥò֮󣬹ŷһòһϤĸо
Ĳᣬһ֣ŷЩš
Ҫ֪Ѿڲ֪ˣôܺĲйء
һ˷룬ùŷ벻ͨȴףɽк̫ǣȫеô򵥵ġ
ѼȻִԲǾͲҪԹˡҡͷͻȻ֣һdȥ
һѹտ˹ŷʹһۣ˵
ùŷЩ𾪣Լʦ֮ͬ޵еİʱȻҪǰ֣ȥѹĸѵôǿ
ô࣬ŷճ֣Ҳˣĸɱ˹ȥ
ħնµĵ綼˺룬칬ˣٴα顣
һ·Ҫɽ磬ǾԵԵİԵҪѹһС
֣ɣмһͷͷݺᣬɱ¡
ǿͬʱ֣ɱĸ
ĸɫƽһ׷ۺɫսףһɫսն˳ȥһµĽȥ˵Ĺײһ
ŷһ˺ɳȥ𶯣ѪڣǸһѪ
ڶɳȥǴϳһ˿ڣѪŲ΢΢ЩԣȻЩվסһˤ
յǶסĸĽĸɫսײһͬʱˡ
ĸ˵Ŀɱն˺Զȴû˾գҪ֪֮ǰѾ˹ŷʹ


1217 ĸ
ǿ󣬻ܹս磬ĸʵƿ¡ǶһۣܹԷеľ
ŷҲ֪ˣΪʲôĸ֮Ȼ˷ܣȫΪͥĵһ֣ʵĸսա
ɱ
ŷһۣٴγȥ
ݺᡣ
ٴλָÿһëͬһһɢžâֱӳȥ飬ػһƬ硣

ĸ֣սɨµĽֱӽ롣
Ѫ˶һݺ޵еĴȻȫĵסĸĻɱѪȾ
Ԫ˳ȥٴɫȴ쳣԰ףȻ˵Ԫ
ѡ
ŷȣʩչһֶϻ꣬ĸ
ĸתŹŷ硣
ꡣ
ŷüͻȻըѣɫѪƺһ·ȥ
һֶϻ꣬ʹɹҲûܹɹŷ硣ĸˣùŷԪشǿһˡ
ĸɫҲÿ΢΢ףȻֿһֶϻ꣬еס
ȻΪĸո̾ȴ˿顣
ɨĸս
µĲȥս൱Ȼһƽ֣ɨͬһħսȣѪ磬һսŻʸա
ȻˣҲѹĸһȫĶսˣһ˫ɫɨնǳ
˶ĿɿڴŷʱҲӦüķ⣬޸ԼԪ񡣻Ѫڣŷ罫Լս۷״̬ٴγ˳ȥ
սţܿ챻˳ȾѪһˡ
ŷأʱһǿ߾Ȼŷ磬ͻȻ
졣
ŷϳԷݣɫ䣬ţüķɳ罣ն˳ȥ
һ񽣣µĽ罣ײһ¡Ժŷǲһȫըˡ
ǿԼȻһһֱϻٴʩչ
𡣡
ԭأը飬ֻʣһԪ񣬴ʱŹŷ磬¶һĨֵ̿ɫȻˡ
ߣһһ֪˳ֱ֣նԪ
ںռսĸͻȻתŭ
˹ͷȴһ档ĸԴȻըˣԵ쳣
ͷȻɹס˶ԷһԪסȻ֣Ǹֵˣһ
ֵĴɱɱվڵǸطв٣ĸĽն
ĸס
ʣµһԪоĸ״̬ԡ
𶯣ĸָֻ޹⡣סԪȻĿգ˵ʥһ顣
ҿԷ죬һҪ˵
лʥĸлٴοһۣ۾ϡ
һĸʹ䡣
΢΢̾Ϣһɨһۣ˵Ǹӣĸ
ңǣһΪĸױġ޵Ŀ˹ŷһۣԹ˵
ѾӦɱҲԼİȫ
㡣ν˵ȻҲ磬ǻѾߵͷˣҪһǲˡ
ŷһɫոս޸ħն˳ȥ
µĵնԪ棬ͣʹŷΪʲôԪʲôûʳ㳹ɢˡ
ΪʲôҪɱüͷ
ѾӦĸﲻɱ죬ŷȴ֣ñ˾պԶһ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ʦӦˣȴûдӦŹҳ֣ʦʧţҲһǿĵˣϾǾˣֿǿߡ
ŷĻնʱʲô˼΢΢̾Ϣһû˵
ڹŷѡ˵ǶԻǴϾŷΪԼǣҲûй
һĸ̾ϢŷˣֱӼΧս
죬ˡյ˵Ĵ֣һΧм䣬ûκߵĿܡ
ҾҪߣɽֻôӣ
ɱӣǲݡŭ
ȥɡŷЦ
˾Ȼ䵽زúܶ̾Ϣ̾һ۵ļȥ


1218 ͨ
£޽⡣
աŷ硢һǿ˲ΧһˣȻǿҲȻܵס
ΪʼԪָΪֻЩֶΣЦţһƬѪ죬ӺͶӱɱ뵽˷С
֣ʹǸֶΡͻȻɫһ뵽ʲôµһ
ȴڴЦп˵ˣǺǻ޵УҾͲǻǻߵĶ֣ȥɡ
ĺϷ⣬ӳ졣
ŷǴĹһϣˣȻյĹҲһһôûС
ǴʼԪػǲΪߣͲܴƣҪЦ
ĻһµӰ֣ԷǼѹƬ񷡣
ߵϢȻֻһȴӵɱ۷ʵһЩΪ̲סڵأӰĤݡ

պ֣ɱݺᣬ˵ɫѿ˼㡣
Уŷ翴˳ǵĳޣŷһʱףɱʦˣǺȻĻղֱ֡
ߣûáһۣĮ˵
ԡѪ𱸣һЦһ仰û˵µѾûʲôֻҪֻǸԼӱ
ǸĿתǣڿһȺϡ
ú̲ܶסһΪϣǶǲܹ˵
ܵԷϵǹɻϢЩףʱ˵ֻ
ߡ
Цźȵľ㣬ȻˣͲҪȥˡ
˵Ķһû߲ҪȥˣȻֻһӰȻΪʣһǿĲ˼顣
ߣҪɱĴڣ̫ѡ
Ҫɱң
תյϣһɺƴϱ涼յϡ
̲סһ˿Ѫ
ôǿ󡣡ŷһ
һӰһתˣǺεȿΪ˾
һȺϣҲ죬ҾĨЩˡӰڣһֵֻϢ춯أҪĨɱǡ
ݡ
һǳʧɫֱӶ˺Ӱü档
ࡣ
Ӱغ忪ʼըӴϯ˷
֡
ڴʱմһ
ڹŷ羪ȵУһǿ߸֣ȫߵĴڡѪ桢ߴʥаħĴħ
ꯡ߸ҲȻУ۱˫֣ȴ쳣Ӵʮһǿߣŷû˵Ƕ֣ɢӴܡ
һʮǼһĴڡ
һ󣬽ӰѹƣȻһ
Ǹطը飬һϤĸоͷŷһϢ
ͽܣԱԴѪΪӣͨǸϢ׺俪ϡմȡ
á
ŷ翪ڣѪѪգǸϢںɽϡ
綼ǿ𶯵ķ
ϣһŭгһµӰϵƣÿһϢɳǳ
ǺܵԼķɱһɽϣŭֱɱ˹
֣һֻ£µʮŸȫУҪǻɱǻߵȫһԪȫգҪһ㣬ȫѹ
棬ˡ
ͻȻ
ׯϣֱ˳ͨȻʼо
忪ʼ黯ʱʧһŴоһɹɺ嫵֮ȫӿ֮Ȼȫס˺
õмʧڹı㣬ع顣ȡ
ĺһͬʥӰ֣ϹŴ񾳽磬ʹȲ˺ܶ࣬ĳ֣һŷ⣬ֱӽС
֮Ӷˣ޾һȻǻ߼˶Ҫ
ŷ翴Ǹ˵ò̲֮סĲᡣ
ɴ۾𾪵˼㣬ʧֵľȻĲᣬѵ˵ĲôܣǴڵʱ䲻һĲֵʱ̫ˣԶԶ޷ʹȡ


1219 ӡ
Ĳᱦׯϣɫ΢΢һȻ̾Ϣһԭˡ
ŷѣþòĲὫĿⶢڹŷϡ
ʲô˼ŷͷɻ
ӳ磬ʵãɽһЩǿ߱γɵģͬһ۳ôڡĲ͡
ʱ䲻ԡŷü
һ꣬ʱ䲻ԣһգǱѾǰգꡣĲЦ˵
ŷһʱŲһˡ
ʵȻڵɽô꣬ǴھԵʱϣӦǺĲġĲǱԴͶӰڵɽеĴڡ
˭ɵһУ濪ٵɽ磬֮ǰʱ䳤˺ܶʱ䡣ŷٴѯʡ
ʼԪܣһУһ¡Ĳ˵
ŷ綮ˣһֻƶһУĵɽ硣
ڴʱµӰ٣ǻʵƣΨҶ
棬½ѹЦ˵
ΪؽܵǴҵе档ڣɫĮһֻѹ䣬ǳ޹⣬ʧɫָ֮еĿռ䶼ΪһƬ硣
֮ѹߡĲһͻȻȣ֮ͬһ㣬û
ҪϢƣ֮
ӡŻʣѳ
ĲѪɫȴ쳣ƽ˵ÿ˵һ֣ըһĻ˵ֻ꣬ʣ²Ԫ񣬲һˡ
ŷ֣ĲԪ
֮ȫգγһ޴ġ⡱֣ѹ¡
ıӡ޾µ֮ǶôĿ£ûܹ뵽
ȻŻʶѹӰʧҪѹꡣ
ķӡһŻʣŷɫ𾪣ֻǻڷӡһ𣬻ΰ㡣
λ
һΰӰĻһӰƿռһ
ΰ¡
ŷ翴Ǹ֮󣬶ʱ
˲ǱˣȻԯݺᣬһȻ˫бµĹâ
֮֮ĲҲ˿յĴ˵һֱһֱ߶Ȼ֮֮Ĳһ֮˿
Ȼ֮ѹߡԯݺ֣һֻǰĨɱȥ⡱־죬档
Ҳ졣
ŭ𣬳ԯݺĴ֡µĻҪɽ硣
ˣ
־о˵ת֮µ˼㣬ȻߣҲס
汻ʧ
ԯݺЦȻը飬ֻʣ²Ԫ
ŷüͷԯݺԪ£Ȼ֪ӡ߿϶ҪһĴۣȴû뵽ѣȻһҵճʹҪָҲҪóʱˣϾһ˵˴Դ
ѹһߣô򵥵ģǺ֮˵Ƿӡһ꣬һʱ̶
һˣҪһӲ̡սȻ½ѹ
ŷĿɿڴײǽĳ嶯Ϊܹ½ѹҲӡȴû뵽ֻ׼ˣһҪӲƴôܣ
½ѹȻҲյĻ¶һĨмЦݣȻһֻѹ䣬ҪĨɱǡ
޵УȻûеȴ˶һϢĸо
ʮ۷֣½ѹ
һ̣ʮ۷ը飬䣬ױĨɱ޵еҲԵˣըѣս顣
£ŷֻܹ뵽ݶԷ
Ǹ
½ѹЦʣԳ棬ŷǸоһɿµԼϣǷ׷ײҽһʮ۷ը飬ȻۺգҲɫ԰ףһ㱻ɱ
ߣ̫ˣ͵ס
޵Уײã棬ǿһˣɱһеС
͹ˡտЦ
ս
ŷѪ죬ɫ԰ףǻѪգһսڣȻУҲԲսס
һµĻӰ֣ǹŷԼŭȳʩչѡ
һʱĻ֮ϧľ̫ˡ½ѹЦһתӰʧŷڿѪ飬Ԫ񶼳ơ
̫ˣԵ޵УѹһеС
ѡ
ŷʩչһֶϻֶ꣬Է
½ѹֻ΢΢һƬ⣬ŷԪˣѵĸգ˼㡣


1220 ѹ
ͽܣȥŷ˴ձŭ࣬춯أ𹿰ݺݵ˹ȥʱѡ
㡣
½ѹһЦᵯָպųƲ಻嶼ˣԪһ䡣
䣡
չٴγɱȥ
ڤ֣ɱؾڤŭҲ֣µĹɺߡ
һѪ֣ޱȣȥ綼ʼ𣬻һƬƬޣ
֮¶ϣּ𡣡½ѹЦ
ٴεָ飬ȻչҲǴԴأһ
£պڤ涼Ҫٵ߾磬Ļǰȴʲô㣬ͲǶ֡
޵Уʵǿƿ£˾㤡
ѡ
ŷָٴκȳһֶϻꡣ
ꡣ
Ȼ½ѹû뵽ʱ򣬹ŷ羹Ȼͨüĳһƣ޵еĻ߾ȻˣȻһѪδȴıŭˡ

½ѹŭȣһֻѹ䣬ҪĨɱŷ硣
һֶϻ꣬ŷЦʱûһ
䡣
һµĻ֮½ѹϣȴδ˺һ㡣½ѹһת˵壬ը顣
Ԫ˳ȥûбɱ
½ѹЦһһֻּŷѹ䣬Ҫ׾ŷ硣
ŮħŮǴԶ˹Ѿˡ
ŷȻʣǴʱ˿̣Ѿע֣ԯݺĲԪ˳ȥǺԼһ
ϣǶӲһ½ѹ˵
ΪߣҪɱһˣĺǶܹҵοֻȱԪ
ŷȴɫǧʱ䣬ܹɱߣϧеڵʱ̫ˣ޷׵ĳɳ
ڱɱг˲
½ѹĴҪйŷʱһϢգսսгһߵӣ˫µĹᴩŽ
ҵĺˣҲҶǵӰڣ硣
½ѹ𾪣ֻ΢΢һ㶣Ĩɱ
һ񣬶ҪʧˣҲۣ½ѹЦ˵˲мϾһĻʣԷֻһƲ
ʼ档ŷ羪ȡ
սĲûŷ磬Ц˵Ҳŵȣڲɱ㣬ӡһ֮꣬ն㡣
սΪƸΪ꣬ͷڷ裬ֱӺȥ
½ѹѪɳȥĲţȻԼȻһ񣬸о𾪡
˵ҲŵȣֻһϲĻߡսЦȻֻһ񣬵Ȼܹ˸ܵϷɡ
ѹ
ս³֡
½ѹɫֱתӡ
޵еĻʣȻһ߲Ķӣ˾̾Ȼս˵½ѹǷϲĻߣȴΪ½ѹ̫ˣǹս̫ǿˡ
һ
սЦȻֱӽ½ѹнȻֱӷӡ
һУ˹ŷһֻۣ˵һ֣áս񣬳ɢ
ǿĻߡڤ̾
ȻڻУŷʼҲ޵еĴڣһƲѹһĻߣֱ̫ˡҲ˵
ߣȫѹǰɽ磬Ҳȫ飬ڷŷѵվһУЩĬȻ
ʦһУֵ𣿡ŷʵ
ֵáն
ֵãҪƿԼˣΪ˵ɽһϧȴ֪شֻصʱһж磬ҪҪΪߣʸһѣΪ֮ġڤ˵
飬ȻڣйԼǾԲκζȥĻǣΪһӢĳˣ˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ǣŷʵ
һħԷڣ˵Լݡ
һħһĴڣŷ˵ͷûʲôо߶ʶˣʹҲֻѡ
ͽܣ֪ĵЩ飬ֵõġ˵ܵŷеĲ
֪ŷͷ
ɨһˣЩԥʵǴɽ磿
ǹŷ֪ɽģǿ̫࣬һ磬Ҫеǿ̫ˡ
ŷĻû˵꣬һӰȻ˺գֱ뿪磬ҪС
ŷɫһ䣬ֹһǽΪǾ鷳ˡ
һ̣ǸǿͻȻҽһ˿ʼȼȴһôûУһӵʱ䣬ȫΪҽ


1221 һ
ѹƵǿˣϹŴϵǿߣֻҪǣᱻһգ֮ѹܹ֮СĲĲȱԪһ仰Ȼ㳹׼žȥ
˵̫ˣԪ˼㣬ֱ˳˯С
̫ˡ
ŷϲһֱģɽǿ̫࣬Ƕ֮УɿµĳڿȴõˣǹȻڣֻҪϹŴ֮ϵˣ޷С
Ҳ˳ȥһ̣˻
ȼһƬԵúܿ£ʵǿܹ𡣵УȻѹƲ˶೤ʱ䡣
ðԵķﶼ޷ͻַ򣬿ֻл߲ܹɵĳո̾
Ҹоַ򲻻᳤ã֮ڣʧŷЦݣռ˵
ŷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼüͷ
ʱ䣬ָе˵㳤Զ
ʱɽǿߣҪ磬ʱд
Եʵѹ鷳ͽܣҲҪģܹӦУźܶǿĴڣЩ˲ǣ粻еô򵥵ģİɲ¡Ц˵
ģŷ۾һ
յͷĿ϶
ǾͺãʦҪˣصԼ硣ŷЦ˵
㲻ˣ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣ŮħŮǰŷЦָָ˵ѾϹŴˣ޷硣
ǽĻȻᱻǻ˵Թֻڻһµĸо
յĻɵۣǶһۣЩ޴롣
Ҫ뿪ŷ磬ȻǲԸġ
ûа취Ժ￴ǡŷЦ˵
ûصأŮ˶һۣŵͷǿͬ˹ŷ
ŷһŮֵĻľͲ֪ôˡеŮˣһͬʣеĽٻǣŷôδҲ쳣˼޲̻صǵǰ
ŮעУŷҪ
һ¡ͻȻ
ôˣŷЩ⡣
ȻָԼ˵֪ΪʲôһַǳõԤУȥĻܻʲôõ鷢üͷ˵
Ҳһָо״̬ȥɡ⨺ҲڣȻˣǴʱѾָ˲٣һڣڳ˶ûиҲӵˡ
⨺ǺˣΪ⨺ܹͨȥδҲ˵Ļŷһ֣ᷢ顣
ŷҲһëȻֱӽԼѾĲ˻ȻͳƣԼĿйһڡ
ǿľŷ翪ʼźƵ޸Լеˡ
Ѫ𶯣ŷϢĻָԪѸٱŷڣʼָԼơ
ʮʮҹŷԪȻҲЩ𾪣ֲùŷʵЩɵԪѾﵽһ˵ĵز
Ҫ֪ŷڲսɣּǿߣһҪôͱˡ
վ˸е˺ȫָ
ҲڹŷϣǱˣԲô٣ҽɣķʽ޸Լе˺
˲ûҽβõġ
ŷΪ߽ףȴǿһ˫ӿ֮䣬Ҫ硣
ʦˡŷ˵
յͷû˵
¡ŮһᾭǵġŷĿתŮˡ
Ů˵ͷĲᡣ
ŷһģֱת˺һͨ˳ȥ
𾪵鷢ˣŷһ֣ϱȼ˻棬һ

ոϽ
ŷüͻȻȻ𶯣Ȼѹƻ档ͷŲĹԣɫĻѪȣǿ˼㡣
𾪵鷢ˣŷϵĻ澹Ȼʼˣѹƣʧ
þԵʵѹֻ𡣡ŷ˵¶һĨЦݡ
ֻû뵽Ǵϲǰ磬ﵽ֮ϵսҲǰ磬ַʲôʱôԵˡŷ羪̾
վҪһð˳յ졣ղŹŷֻʱǵѹȥڻ
У㻹ǻصɽɣȻѪ޾ҲסЩġպɫдһĨǡ
ŷȴû΢΢ԥһ£ȻȻͷųԼȫϢ


1222 
֪Ļ棬չŷ磬Լ壬ա
ŷ壬ڼǿ֣һ棬˺塣Ǵʱȴܿ챻һǶϽۣѪģ
˶ոɫѿһҪȥŷץ
ã塣ڤһѽסЩȵ˵
壿жǾȡ
ڴʱŷƽѪӿһ嫣ϣԻһӰƽѪת޸Щ˵ĵط
ֻһ˲䣬ŷ壬ָ˶ܹоϢǿʢһ֡
СҪǳɹȻܹõĺôʧܣֻ·һ̫ˡҡͷ˵ŷĿģҪԼ壬£ȴǳΣգһѪ㣬֪Ļ΢ŷԤǿҪ𣬺͸ղһһ
ÿһˣܹĶǿգҲĳԡ
ʦŷ°ɣħŮʵ
ڻ˵ʱûģܲܳˣͦȥҲܵв˵ʵǻܶࡣҡͷȻʱҲҸһ϶Ĵ𰸡
ΣգԹŷҪдջ񣬱ȻҪһЩΣա
ֲֿķ֮£һŷղʮŴΣ󣬹ŷѪڸɿˣҲʱʧ͵۾췢һХ
Χ飬ãŷµ⣬ܹŽδ
ˡվϲ˵
Ҳ¶һɫţħЦߣСһﲻΪĵӣȻ죬ֿµܹԺϻߣҲǰ϶ӵˡ
ҸҶ϶СһΪߣ̱ܹ޵У̫ˣȻߣȣҲ˺ܶࡣħڣԸ߰ǴʱҲ̲ס̾
ʥһõӰЩҴľڣ쳣̾
ŷıʵ̫ˣǶһۺĳ嶯
ԵɺϰˣСֳɾͣҲοմЦʵҲףŷһɾֻͣкΪԭ򣬴󲿷ֵԭ򣬶ΪŷԼĸοޱȡ
ǹŷϾĵӣԹŷĳɾͣջ൱֮οġ
ʦΪٰɡŷվУմԡ
СӣNɪˣϱȻȥ⼸ͽϱɡЦ
ŷͷħŮŮһۣҪѹҺܿͽǹղŶԿѾһЩܹܺܿǽӹ
ģħŮŮ۾һܸڹŷߣǺʧ䣬ŷ˵ŮǸ
ŷĵͷ쳣֣ص˵˵
ã㲻ǣҲ̫ʱ䣬ѣǸӡˡħŮЦ˵
ŷҲһЦʱ䣬ǰֱĲ˼飬Ƕڵ˵ĲǺܳ
һأת۱ǧ궼ġ
ҲԣҲǵôʱġŷЦ˵
Ů⣬ô˵ǹŷܲģѾ㹻ˡ
ͨʧŷ뿪ǳ˷쳣½ķȥ
һƬϤϵʱ˼ѪҪˡһ뿪ʱʵ̫ˣ
ǣһˡŷ糤Х磬ǿ߱ѣǾǵĸоУһϵĴڽУϣǴ
һǿ߻Ƴգ˹磬Źŷ磬䱸˼㡣
ǸˣУ˾ɲ˵Ļ
ǣӦУˡһ꼤˷ܡ
Уˡ
Щǿɫǿʲô˼һ
ŷɻЩ˶ǳᣬʵǳǿ˶д񾳽磬УڶˮƽмѾΪĿ磬һ޵еǣڼŷ磬ҲǼԼݵһ
ǣŷüʵ
УǹѧԺѧ֪ǣģǶʶһǿ߿ڣǿļ֮һʵһ죬Ѫˣ̫һ㡣
ŷ֪ǵݣ΢΢ȣȻԼ뿪Щ꣬ԷҲüôЩͳ
ͻȻһֲõԤУŷüǲʲô鷢ˡ
ǵġЩǿȫͷ


1223 
ʲô飿ŷʵ
СˡǸǿ˵һ˿⣬϶Ƿߺ޵ɫ
С㣬ŷһ뵽һˣü˵ٻѩδŮȻС㣬ȻٻѩŮҲǹŷŮ
ǵģ֮ؿѹ磬ЩһֱǵͷȻϹŴܽ٣Ǹʵ̫ˣǸͲǶ֣һϹŴãٻѩС㣬Ҫ޸ĻҪ硣Ǹ˷ȻĲƽ
ҵŮ˭˸۸ŷŭһɾ޴ɱγһѿµѪʮأһϴħѣµ˼㡣
һľŷ壬ǿ󣬾߰˽ףֻһ֮ңʵƿֲ
СҲûа취ֻܴӦǵҪ󣬲ȴҪλһС͵֮ء
һȺǿߣȺ鼤ܣ۾ˡ
ΪǻȥһȺŮӣȥգٻѩпʧȥ׵壬ǰҪĳ嶯
Ĳģŷʵ
вԼ뿪Ӻͼȴܵί
֣Ǳǿߣմһ˴·񣬳Ǹ磬ղһ㱻ɱֻʣһԪӻһȺѧ˹ŷɻ
Ҳ֣ͬˣԷǿ߸ճ֣ǸǶ֡
Щѧһһ䣬˵Ĺŷ۾ͮͮζըˡ
ѧУѧԸ⣬һӣʮǿ֮߳أֻһˣǸ˱ѧԺǿ콾үȴΪһս˷񲡣
ʮǿߣⶼԼˣҲǹŷѧ֮أŷǵΪ̫ߣЩǿߣֵܵȻǴűǸġʮȫѪ֮أ
һϵĺ⣬Ҫ綼ˡ
ȥǸӡŷ˵
УȥСͷǣЩѧʵ
˼գмճףŷʵ
ЩǿߣϽشǺС£ʮʱ䣬СҪǸ֮صǿ߳ˡ
ã֪ˣȥǸӡŷһ
ѹסԼǻɱ⣬ȻǰЩûһܹܵģȫҪɱ顣
ѧһۣǵͷڴŹŷѧУȥ
УҽҪȥ֮صĻͽҲϰɣҾҲҪӽ֮صҧһ
һˣ˭֮ûʲô˲ģҪ׸ŷ˵ȴɱ죬˵ĻȻҪ֮ء
ŷ翴һۣЩʵǳ޽֮صˣ
û˵ֻ۾Щ졣
Աߵѧȴڵһʮǿߣ磬ѧУʮ֮һ
ŷһĿһۣȻһлл
һ񣬽һϽһֵ̿ӡ
УǧҪӦģҲ飬ģлҡϽ˵
ллǴңҲԲǴңΪУȴԼѧΪԼļȥȥѪǣұģȵ̤֮أĸ֮ʱŷ˵
һȺǿȫѪڣǼŹŷĻڹѧԺѧУŷǵ񣬶ܵġ
ڹŷ֣˵Ļһܹ
ǿЦһ߽׵ļһȻ˵Ҫҽ磬ǺĶȲһȺǿ֣߳ɫУһаǼȸ
˵һ꣬ͷȾɫһ˫۾бŹŷ磬һмӡ
ǽ֮صˣŷкһʵ
Ӧóƺʥ磬û뵽УǼϷȻĴڣ߽ףֵһˡǸ¶һĨζЦݡ
ɫϷʣŹŷ磬һèϷӡ
˵Ϊ߾ŽףȫǸߣʵ㹻ǿӹŷ硣
УߣǵסǡͻȻ嵽ŷǰ
ǿҲһ嵽ŷǰ棬һӣɫЩţǸȴǳޣŶԷһ޲ҧ¶Էӡ
ŷЩжҲЩЦã˵ǰֻǼߣǼΣһɱԷ


1224 ֵܻ
˭߲ǸЦһȺߣȫһǿߣһײޱȣŹŷǣɱڡ
һ߽׵ķϲģˡ
Щ϶ҽ˳ޣǻȥ
ĿɭȻӴЩѧǲȻǶܲϾŷ뿪ûжܹ꣬񣬳ɾ֮ϵľ磬Ѿǲˣվеʱ̫̣ĴвƣǲûеЩˡ
ҵ棬ҪɱҵѧǺŷЦ˵ĿɭȻЩ˵ϣ˿µɱ⡣
߽׵ķϲģȻҪ̤ƽҽ磬ǵǰ˵󻰣Ҳǳ
Ⱥǿ߳Цһɫм˼㡣
Щѧߣ۾Ѫ죬ҲףԼǶԷĶ֣͵סЩ̫ǿˣۺ񣬴ǿԶԶԽǡ
УǵУͬһĴڣȴӣ裬Ǻ
Ǹ۾Ѫ죬ͻȻ˳ȥһ˳֡
Ǹ˳֣תµ˺һУڤԼ͵סԷĹ
֮Ĳʵ̫ˣԷ˽ܣ߾ŽףǿһףȻ츳׿վͶԷ̫Զˡ
̾ϢǶԷĶ֣ɱΪ˹ŷ粻裬ֵá
ŷ籣ס䣬óͬȵĵλ˵ػǵУǶǹŷѧȻԸ⿴ԼеͬһУ衣
һȺϣҲҵĺ󱲣ǸŷͻȻڣĻ飬ԷµɢǸǿĸ߿ѪͻȻըѪȾ񷡣
˶סˡǸ߾ǿߣеǿߣȴܲסŷһ仰ʵ˲
粻裬˵ϣȻҲҪҹؾأ׼˺κ˵ŷ翪ڣͨɢʥ⣬һŻʸħĤݣüһСޱȣ綼ڲĽ¡
Բ߽ףǼ֮صɫɫѿɪɪһµơ
Ѫ𣬵ȴһҶ
̫ˣȻ߾ŽףǾս޷磬սϹŴˣ޷ŷȣϾŷܼսɱһЩ
ҪɱңΪǵѣԯаǸͷ˵һ̣飬
ҲɱѪȾ񷡣
ߣˣЩѧ㶵ĿǰһĻе㲻Լġ
ǷӦ֮󣬶ʱ̲ס
У޵СĴ󺰡
ŷǵУǾԵ޵еģһĴڣܣվûпŷ֣֪ʵûд˵еôڿԿ϶ˡ
ߣƿ£Ժɨ磬Բж֣Ǿĳǿߣŷ϶ܲס
ŷ֣ǺúҲﵽģ̤ƽ֮أὫȱڸǣʱҪúȡԼˡ
һ
Щѧɫᶨ
ЩһֱƣǶԷ֮޷УѾˣȻˣҲܾ裬ֳ޺ͷŭĻ棬ĵףʱŷع飬ǿƣЩѧˡ
ǲģҪػ԰ҪػԼˡ
ŷοĵͷǷһ˵Ժڣκ۸ǣǣߡ
Щѧڹŷ֣ѧУ
ŷʱѧУ˶ˡѧϳ˹ŷ磬ɫе˴ִЦ֪ıͷˡ
ֵܡ
һ𣬹ŷ翴˹ȥ
ǿ׳֣ùŷɫÿǣ˫۾նޱȣȻʲôûСǿ׳ʵҲﵽ񾳽磬Ϊߣ˵ּǿߣûʲô˺ǲ޸ġ
ϹŴŷɫ
ڻˡǿ׳ʣûǰָ꣬ʱ׳
ģȺӣǵĺӵͷˣֵܻˣˡǿ׳쳤Хһѱסŷ磬һ仰û˵ּǸ˶ܹġ
Թŷ磬ǿ׳ҲһäĿΣţһλعĹŷ磬һתǬʵ


1225 
ŷû˵ֻǽıסǿ׳ܹܵǿ׳еֺ⡣
˱һ𣬿̫ÿһֹĸоڳѧȥûһŤĸо۾죬Ϊ뷨
Щ̫꣬ˣ˵ǹӲдȻûб𣬵ǲɣ֮޵УֻһͷǱǻٵ磬뷨ǳȻ顣
ʵһЩδ֪Ĵ壬ӽѹ
һΪ˭أԭǸʿ׷ɱǱӵļһ㾹Ȼҳ֣һȺ˳֣ȫߣ޼ɵͷԼϢúܶѧܲסڿѪ

ŷ֣һָͷĨɱһУЩը飬ȫ
˶Ŀɿڴ󱬷ͬХһĻУˣǿĲֻ̧ɱüߣҪ֪пи߰սھġ
˭ɱҵһ֣󣬿ޱȡ
һϹŴǸղЩ˵Ĺ棬ƽ磬һǿ磬һЩǳǿƣѹһЩС硣磬ǿ߲࣬Ķ
ҡŷ翪ڣĿһŭۡ
ǵ࿴˹ŷһۣͻȻྐྵȻһ£Ȼ󾪺ŷ硣
ʶңŷЩ⡣
磿һжᣬҵı⣬ŷԭ¡ǸϹŴϢ󣬵Ǵʱȴսսһħһúܶ˿ĿɿڴЩš
ǲŻŷ̫ǿˡһĹ棬ҲһϹŴ񣬵ԹŷʱȴһսսӣµĴһı仯Ѫڡ
У޵УǴ˵ΪʵĳǵǰǼ
˵᣿۸ˣҵѧǣǵ硣ŷЦȻվڵϣȴǸߴķࡣ
ЦϽ磬Ȼ˵ŷǿƣ֪һʲôӵˣ˵ЩµѣʵԼͲĶ֡
һᣬһж֪ǹŷҪ𱸵ĻǸҲûԹԣ˭飬ð˴˵ϡЦһСӡ
ӵı֣һ߸ϵϹŴ񣬵ǸһūձϥӣһǿߵĽûС
𣿡ŷЦ
ϽͷʲôЦٵһۣȻĺˡǱŷϽ磬ϽĵͳҪٵ
ᣬֵܹġ
ЩѧӵĳԾŷǿѪڣܵһϣ
ϽϹŴ̬ȣŷԿ޵ϣ
Ȼ˳ϿңҾͲ鷳ĺˣ粻еô򵥵ģҪΪ½紫ܹ磬ҪˣȻԻͣҲȻйδŷЦ˵
Ļһ˵ɫȻףŷеĹ棬϶治һ޵еҲǻʵǿҲ˵ڻı涼̫ʡ
һתһЩѡ湧˵
ʵϲ˵Щ棬ǹŷ磬ѾвǣǾηҵ
߰ɡŷ翪ڡ
湧һȻʧ뿪ʵҲңŷû׷Ҫ֪ŷϽΪһط͸ǿƣ˵Լˣǲܵġ
ǣǼסˣҵѧҵˣû˿۸˭ѪҾҪǵŷ翪ڣԵޱȣԼػԡ
УꡣеѧѪޱȼ
ŷͷһųսӣҲ
ֵܻˣţƣϹŴһƨֵܵǰʲô㣬Ҫ뿪ֹ֮أվҪѪծѪˣء˵󣬸ǿ׳Ȼ˳
ŷû˵˫ֽӡǿ׳ġһŷϵϢԽԽ䡣
׸ǿ׳Ϊʲôıˣ߼ұ𣬰Ӻˣȫԭֻһ֮صĸвˬ
Ҫɱĸǿ׳ʱ򣬹ϵɱǸߣȴһϹŴ
˵Ĵ۽ǸϹŴУǿ׳ȴǸϹŴһ˲䱻ٵ˫

ŷ˵һ˫ֽ˸ڸǿ׳ϣǿ׳Ȼγһ˫


1226 ħ
ǿ׳ˣΪ񾳽˵û۾ʵϲҪ
ֵܣĳҰ㱨ŷ˵
߸ǿ׳ԼѾϤеһСǹŷȴûоò˼ֵܣЩ飬Ĳ⡣
ŷ粻øǿ׳䣬Ļ˵Ƿǳʹ顣
֪ҲұģȥȾһӰɡǿ׳˵ɫ΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
Ǹ˵ĺӣŷʵ
ǿ׳ͷ˵һӣֱʱ㣬ϧľǸ̫ǳˣʱĻպԻеǿߡ
ȥŷ˵
ǿ׳ͷһۣҶȥɡ
Ⱥѧ˵ͷû뿪˴˵еУŷǱȴ˵еĸǿƣǼһ㶼ƽ
뿪һԺ䣬ɢһɱŰϢһ˾ķ
ƿţ˽ȥһ𣬲ãҪΪסǸڵġ
˭
һ𣬰һµĽ
ǿ׳һҪ֣ǵסŷȴ֣á
оһ飬ŷǰȥԽһԺǽӳһͷɢꡣ
ɫУʹԴͷģһѳѪǷɫ
ףΪҹŷһָоսԶΪǿȻףߣԲĶ֡
һ츳ǿ꣬ϽЩν콾ǳΪ߾ĸ֣ܹϹŴ
Ȼͬǿ׳˵һѵõ˽ܣȹŷ׶ΣʵҲ˶١
ɱ
ǸҲŹŷ磬ȫǷ˿ңͻȻ֣ɨ죬ն˹ȥ
ŷվ岻ɽնϣȴȻ
ǿ׳ֲ̾ղηŷ磬ȫΪŷʵ̫ǿǿ׳ţһϹŴ񡣿¶վŲһնϡ
ʲôŷʵ
ħ
ǿ׳ش
ŷһ㶣ôֵһ֡
˵УһħֳԳΪħֻһΪ֡ǿ׳͡
ħֳŷЩȣѵʲôת
Է˹ȥһãͿʲôͬĵطֻڵħȱҪŨĶ࣬ҲҪĶࡣ
ħ壬һڤһŷ̾
ʲôħ壿ǿ׳Щɻʵ
Ȼ񣬵û߳磬ԼʶǺ֪ܶ࣬ħʲô
һַǳµʣˣϽһħħ棬ҪΪͽСһӣܱٵˡŷ˵
Ͻ֮УǿƼ޵еϹŴһǿ׳֪ܹϽһħһ۷ǿߣ±ϹŴҪǿơ
ʶһ㣬ǿ׳Щզࡣ
ϧڷˣβáǿ׳Ц
κãҽʲôܹΣַ財ȻҲܹơŷ˵ʵֲ֢˵Ĳʲô󲡣ơ
ǿ׳۾һ¶ϲɫ
ħѧԺϣѧԺһ֮ĵһԺɳˣܾˣֻҪָܹѧԺ˵磬һ¡
ħ㿴ҡŷ˵
ŷĻһħʱħ۹ͻȻŷҲһǿ׳ȴ֣ǵ۾У˿˿µڲͣĲֻ΢΢۲һ£һȥ
ϽԼĿջŷƵֶΣĪ⣬ɲԼһСܵһЩʲô˺
ŷԼʶ֮ħ꣬ʶһĻڹŷǰʮǿߣ֮Уȫűľġ
ݺ֮أ磬ȴµĹ
˵֮ʵ̫ǿǿϹŴ񾳽ǿߣΧǣʮǿѪ
ħ־̼ķħնɱߣԷϹŴУѪȾء
ҲʱһѧԼȼħͻ硣
ΪǱ𡣡ǸѧĴ
ʮӢܣûˣѧһǻѪǶ˽֮أһУŷ綼һҪħĸо
ЩõδǶӢܣܿܳΪϹŴΪǾˣʵֵ̫ˡ
֮أұ̤ƽǡŷ˵


1227 ټ
ŷͻȻһ
ħҲӣͷĺڷ趯һɿµɱ
ɱ
ŭһȭǰȥ
飡
һȭйŷ磬ŷվﲻֻϱ΢΢һ㽫Ĺ
ס֣Уǿ׳ȵ
ħоһ㯵񣬽ѹ
УħԼԴ۾ͻȻһ죬ϵϢٴŭɱ
ʵ㡣
ŷһֻ£ѹȻʶ֮ӿٴνʶһ顣
ħƽ˹ŷһۣͻȻ£УΪͬѧǱ𡣡Ȼ£˵Ȼ΢
ŷףԲΪ£Ƿŭͳޡ
һġֻ֣ȴ̩ɽ
лУħݺݵڵϿͷ涼ײЩķˡ
ŷ翴һۣɡ
ħվ֪һЩʲô
֪ܣǼȻѹˣͲҪٱǰţúûȥΪǿߣŶԵЩȥͬѧŷ翪ڣȰħ
֪ħ˹ŷһۣУ
û⣬Ҵʵŷ˵
ʦְ»ߵĹһֱѰҴˣħõһˣȻΪﵽ񾳽磬ķţ̫ǿʦֵĹȴʵѡ
ʲôǻʵǿ׳ʵ
ħɫȻűɫҪܳʱ䣬ִܹǿ׳⣬Ҳ¶ɫȻҲ֪ʲôǻʵ
ϹŴ֮ϣ֮ϣǻߣײã棬޵Сŷ˵
ߣƺǴδŷɫж
Ϊߺѣ־ǿߣ궼δܹһλţκˣֻҪŬ㶼лᣬҪǵģǵǰ;ܹΪߣײã棬ҲܹһЩǲ顣ŷ˵
ܸЩͬѧ𣿡ħ۾һЩٵʵ
ҲܣҲܣҲ֪ŷҡͷұ֤
ħ۾Ѿȫ˷ܵ˵߲ܸЩͬѧ֮ҲܣжôѣҲҪﵽǸ硣
ﵽ֮ϣŷЦãԸʵ̫ˡΪߣǧѣοΪ֮ϡ
ŷ綼δ˵֮ϣиߵľ硣
ȴħŷֻЦЦ˵ֻҪģлﵽǶߵ·߳ģԼŬ
ǡ
ħͷɫ֣ء
ȥͬѧкǶܵ㡣ŷ˵
Źŷˣħ˳ȥħѹʱ˶һ£Ȼ󱬷һ󻶺
ŷ磬ˡ
Ӱ˹ȻǶ桢ɺ·塣
겻˵ΪߣŽɾ磬Ѿܹŷ磬Ǻܸˣ˷ܡ
ȻΪߣѧУĵλͣ˶֪ǹŷͬѧõѡԶԴǣκ˶ǳء
ǼһôôϲģڲŽɾ磬̫ˡŷЦá
һõԴ϶ٲˣǵϣŷܹܵܶĵرϢȻδıҩ
ǺٺһЦûκβ˼
ΪʲôҪƴָϲܹжĳɾͣˣαǿʲôͨ·ȻװƣԼ°˵һ˼ߵӡ
źȿͷҺϲɺٺЦ
ҲģҪģɱɱǾˡ޳ܵ˵
һĴһȺˣһ״ӣùŷЦá
ŷҲף˵飬˵츳ǿܹﵽ磬Ѿǹˣǿʲôˡ
ˣҲˣҪˣҵŮ˻ίҾͲǳˡŷ˵Ŀ˸΢΢һɱ
̲סˣɫףɸǹֽеɱ̫ˣϲҺݺݵɱȺ쵰ҪʵãҲȥƴˡ
ɵɫг˲ޣȻ֪ʲô飬ȻҪæԼҲףʵǰ֮ظûκá
ˣʮӣ̫ˡ·岹
һҪɱ֮صļһҲɫҧгݡ
һģ֮أҪڣмϼһһҪǣôӦҵġŷɫг˲


1228 ԯ
뿪ˣһΪҪһ棬ҲףԼ뿪֮󣬼ѻᱻܺõĶԴ
ǵŷع֮ȴԼеĲһԼĺˣŮ˺ŮȣΣյĵزŭ˼㡣
Ҳɫ
ʵǵΪ޷ӴЩΪǺ͹ŷĹϵԾͺܶ飬˵
Ҫȥ֮ءŷ˵
ʲôһ㶣һ
ŷЦ˵þȣҲǰңǽ֮ص˵Ķ֣ǴһʱһʱҪý֮Ѫǿȫ𡣡
ŷĻǻһ¶һĨϲɫȻŹŷĻǴѧʱѾɵϰˡ
ˡ
ŷߵĺܹϣֱ˺գһ̤ȥȻİ硣
֮أɽˮ㣬ŨĺõطĻ֮ϽҲ١
𡣡
һͷͻ˻
ŷ羪ȣͻϣܵһʥϢԷϾȻʥѪ
׻ᡣŷ˵
ֱӵָͷͻ飬񾳽磬һԣڹŷУȴסһ
ŷգͻȻ¶һĨ⣬Ȼһ̤뿪
ԯǣа죬ߵ϶һа⡣ǻϹŴħγɵˣѪ飬ܳĺ
Щͬаǻ֣ŷ֮ԯǣΪܵԼŮ˵Ϣ
ǳصϿգ嫵ϢɢȫɫȻܵһɿµԼ
ȥһΰӰһŻʸȫǡ
Ǿݵˡǿ߾Ȼɱŷ硣
һϹŴɫУһѻɫķ컭ŷ綴ȥҪɱ

ŷ絯ָǸϹŴ飬ʧ
һָɱϹŴ·麧ȻǶһۣԷеĿ־塣
ˣˡŷ翪ڣ¡¡𶯲񷡣
һȺŮӷ绪ǳŷ
ͷǹ࣬ɫ΢΢ŮЩ԰ףŷ֮¶һĨЦݡ
ٻҲһ˶ʣֻٻѩӰŷ粢ûп΢΢üֲõԤС
ϹһȺŮӽȫɫ
ǣܿˣһˣκ۸ˡŷ翪ڣͬһ㡣
Ϲȥٻѩ˴ߣ֪ȥ߳ɫš
ŮҲǱɫǶڴߴ٣ùŷȥٻѩ
ȥŷʵգɨȥȴûзٻѩ
ȻȻĻԹŷڵֲܷٻѩϢ
֪ԯаˣ˵ҪٻѩΪŮˣٻѩ޸ˡ۾ᣬż˵
ŷɫ䣬˵ǣǻ磬飬
ûеȵ˴Ӧһ֣˶ʧ
ͬʱʮǿƿնȻϹŴ񾳽ǿߡ
߽ףһĺˣȻǼϼһ֣ǶΪǶˡһϷʵĶŹŷ磬Ц˵
ԯаʲôطŷʵɫĮ
ƾ㻹аˣȴӮ˵һϹŴ˵ϹŴ죬ǿޱȣѪ
ɱ𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
֪ɱǣ϶֡ЦŷΧм䣬һԶŷӡ
ŷɨһۣЦ˵ȻǾȥɡ
͵Ȼ֣µĹⱬֱǺȥգȫɢµɱ⡣
˱ɫǺˣҪ
һжˣȻϹŴ񣬵ڵĹŷ翰ܹסģǱͶԹŷ绳ӣȻǹŷĶˡ
ʮϹŴȫŷɱѪȾ񷡣
·ЩǿĿɿڴǼֱԼ۾ʮϹŴ񣬾ɱˣǾԼֱΡ
ԯаȻĻԯǡŷ˵ϵɱγһѿµħţ
ŷĻ˳ȴû˳ֻ֣һԯеǿ߷Ҫɳȥ
Ǹ벻ԯǵķΧֻҪ⣬һǿߣᱬ飬ѪȾء
ŷκ뿪ʵҪסǳأһ¡
ԯаԯ𡣡ŷ˵ǰɱɵĴ𶯣¡


1229 ɸ
һ
ûκԥɱĳֱ䡣
⾪ɱ纣ХԯǱȫɱ
ԹۣΪһƬءŷվ֮ϣȴԯаĳ֣ʧԷδ֣ȫӰ
һЦУϲ޾µϢͨΪԴķ򣬿ʼ硣
綼·ȼ޺
һֿµľѣһĩյľ
ŷҪһ˵磬ԯаŷ粻һﲻ֣֮УϹŴ֮ϵĴڣֻҪ統Уͱɡ
ס֡
һ𣬹ŷĿһתԷ˹ȥ
һòӵˣɫսףŹŷ磬һϡ
˭ŷʵоϵϢǽ֮صĴڡ
Ϊ˵ʹߺ죬طҪĵطʧϽס֡Է󺰵һ޿ֵӡ
ˣŷüû˵ط
ͨıԴȼգҪ׸硣ȥŷ粻ɽһ磬ֹɡ
ûҵĻס֡¶һĨŭɫ

ŷһĿ絶һڶԷϣúɵú˺ü
˺˵ݺᣬҪӾ˵ĺŷ㲻ȵ
ʶңŷһ
ͷЦ˵㣬ֻҪǾѪǱˣǶעŷ֪ʵǿ󣬶ǱǳǿǾ˵ΥϽס֡
һ֪ԯаˡŷԹ˵˵ǸûԷĻһ
ˣ֪һʲôӵ֯ŷȴЦԷǾÿ̫Цˡ
ԯаҪ飬Ǿģ㲻ƻȻĻǿˣ첻м˵
ɫ߰Ȼھġ
Ҳ˵˺ԯаͬˡŷͻȻһ䡣
˵˵ֻԯаһ飬ʲôͬǾ˴󲻾˵ɫԵЩŭ
ŷʱѾʧȥԣԼɵڳ˷Լʱ䡣ʶһ㣬һֱֻ˳ȥ棺Ȼϲ˵ȥɡ
Ǿ˵ʹߣ㲻ɱҡ쾪һϹŴλǹŷĶ֡
һ̣ɱ
ŷ磬ٴγ˳ȥһҪ͵Ϯŷ磬ȴû뵽Ȼŷ緢֣ʱһȭš
ԷѪһѪɫף˺գҪ뿪
ѡ
ŷֱӳֱǿȻг˾һɿµϢ֣Ȼֱӱˡ
ŷɫ΢΢ЩףϢһЦϲġԷһȴŷһûеסֱȷʵ̫ˡ
ŷһıڣղĵԪ
Ҳ磬ҲҪģȻνıԴ׳Լ
һǿ߸ϵɫŷ֣ҪΪԼ籣ס
ŷ߳һӰһģһЩɱȥ
ҵĴսչȻŷһ壬ͱһʵǴʱҲоޱȣϾһǿߣȻûǿߣһ֣Ҳ൱¡
ŷķһ㱻ɱ𣬲Ҳаǿ߱ɱ
ЩϹŴ֮ǿںˣǻƿռ䣬磬ȻĻǱȻʧ޾ĻС
ֻЩϹŴûа취ǲܵ統УȻᱻɱֻҪŷɱ߽ҲС
һжͽͣŷ޵УҲͬ޵УϹŴȻ࣬Ƕ޷⡣
ڹŷķĹ£һȫնɱһգ֮ص鱻ɱ˾Ų㣬ֻһЩϹŴ֮µǿ˳ȥ
ŷĸʹضһƬѪɫʬһƬѪɫ
ŷһ֮磬ˣɫѿ
Ϊŷ緢֣綼ҪȫٵˣԯаȻδ֡
쵰
һ˲䣬ŷ緢һŭɫѿ˼㣬Ȼ統С
֮ر类


1230 
ŷ粢ˣΪûҵԯаҲûҵٻѩ䡣
ҳŷŭء
˺ȻҪ֪ȵֿȵ֮һ
ֻٺأٳǵǰ
һӰ֣ŷŭЦ飬ҿԸ͡
֪ʲô飬֮رеǿ߶ܵˡ
뿪ҵѣȴôĲңҾǳҲ뿪עˣȴҿ龰Ҫһŷ˵ӱ䣬ɱȻ
ʱڹŷУҲһǺԼܿѵס
ŷѶϵˣǲһͣȻᶯ֡ŷ緢֣ڵʵ߾磬ٶȣ˵ǿˣ޾壬һֱֻɱ
ŷڵսݺ硣
ܵŷɱ⣬Ц֪ŷԼ˸ң֪ŷΪˣߵˣǳĿأ緢һе飬
˭ɱҵʹߣһʵһ޴ķཱུ٣쳣ǿ

ӾȻЩš
ʲôƨ˵ˣŷһʵ
󵨣ΪˣȻˣǸ޴ķ࿪ڣгɱ⡣
ɫһ䣬Ͻ˵ǧҪҵһأ¡
ŷʹɫùŷԷǸ
ŷ翴һۣ΢΢ҡͷˡ
ǰǺεȵĳȻʲôʱ΢ʹԷʵǿҲǹŷ羴ԭ֮һڹŷȴ֣ˣǰȫһ
ұˣˣҲŲòˡЦ˭ؼû
ŷû˵ǰȥԾ޴ķ࣬Цһ⣬شң㲻ȻͲûȥˡ
󵨣ССϣҲ˵Ǹ޴ķɫһ䣬ܵʲô޴һһָֻȣޱȣҪŷɱ
Ҫ󺰡
Ȼ֪ŷʲôֶΣ֮ظˣǹŷڵΪȴܹ߽ףȻǷ࣬Ҳнʵʵǹŷܹġ
𡣡
ŷ翪ڣһֶϻʩչ޴ķֱӱ飬ʧ
Ȼһŵӡ
ŷתһۣɫ΢΢ЩӣǸղһ䣬ŷĺΪİˣǴʱȴã֮Էչزбԭģɼ
壬ٺһ壬ԯаŷɫ档
ٻѩҪüͷЦ
ŷЦҡҡͷ˵ҲԼκҪٻѩŮҲҵŮҲܿܵ˺
Ҫȥʵ
ǲңұֱҵˣɱ˵ˣ㲻ҪɣҲ첻ǹ˶ãҾܹŷɫ£ɱȻ
ٻѩʲô⣬һþ˺ÿġ
ðɣעԼİȫǿߣеô򵥵ġ촽΢˹ŷһꡣ
ŷԥ˺ѿռ뿪
һƬ嫵Ĵ磬Ũ˼㣬Уǿ󣬵ŷ֮󣬱ܵ˹µ飬ŷչ˹
ŷֱ֣ĨɱЩ飬ЩѪȫ顣
ԯаҹŷŭ硣
޾鶼ܲסֱը˵һƽ٣޾Թڹŷ߸֣ΧȾһƬѪɫ
ʱĹŷ磬һĴħһԽɽӣҵһǿϢ
һ״ǿߣֻͷףתŲɣ
ԯаŷʵȻʾ䣬ȴ쳣϶
ڶԷϣŷܵһаϢͽ֮һ
磬ֶιġԯаŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ŷĿӣɱ⡣
ٻѩʹһ㡣ŷ
ٻѩҲԶˡԯаЦ徹Ȼ΢ĲһĨѪӿ
ٻѩôˣŷɫʡ


1231 ͷӳ
ҲģҲҪˣԶ֪ܵġԯа˵г˿⡣
ŷüͷһ壬˹ȥŷ֣ԯа˵״̬⣬ܵ˼µ˺Ѿ˱ıԵˡ
ٻѩҿԾ㡣ŷü˵
һԯа⣬ٻѩ¡
ŷĻԯа۾һְЦ˵Ļһύ㣬ϧ
˵һѿһƣһѪ˳ϢӲˡ
ٻѩ˭ץߵģҲһŷ˵Щż
Ҳ֪Ǹ˭ʵܿ£ȻϹŴ񣬵ȴǶ֡ԯа˵꣬˸ơ
һ˫ѾһֻȥҪץסʲôһ
ħͲӦôڣһ⣬Ҳֵˣ֮ǰȰһ䣬Сľˡа˹ŷһۣԴһᣬ׵ûϢ
ŷ΢΢üԯаһ㶼ÿϧֻǹŷãԷˣԼҪѰٻѩ¾ûôˡ
ʱ⵹ˡ
ŷͻȻ֣طʱնںˡһеˣͻȻһȻһŷ˹ȥ
ŷҲѵĳ֣Էʱնһ
µĲŷһѪʱջع֮ǰǸֵˣԯаˣȻٻѩ
˭ʵܿ£Ȼ۷Ҳˡŷа뵽Ǹ˵ʵϹŴ񾳽磬սȴµ˼㣬ŷԲĶ֡
ŷȻˣȴһָоԷԼһⶼûУܹܵǸ˵ϣһϤĸо
ŷԺгһˣͻȻɴ۾Щ١
ͷӣ𣿡ŷҪٴνʱǰƶҪϤ࣬һɺ嫵־٣ŷϳܵѹøӾ޴һѪϽָʱա
иУ׼ӹȥŷղʩչһתʱգѾǼˣʩչĻȻܵĹ
һǸͷӣһԤУŷ̲סЦǳԼĸоղų־ٻѩˣĸס
Σʧٺܳʱˣڳˡ
СӣԽԽˣȻΪҵĶӣİɣٻѩµģ㣬ǵϹŴ񾳽磬ǸӲܹһǹε
ͷڱϹŴҪˡŷ粻˵
ߣҵһжӲס˵ʲô֮ԶԶһЩǿӢܵˣĶǣǰЩϲġκǳ
˭ֻҪǵˣȫɵһʣŷŵ˵Լ޵УžԵʵͼᶨ
ιЦȻ˵Ǻ£ҵϹŴ񾳽磬ѾͷǱҽĸ׵̣Ժټˡ
Ļһ䣬εϢʧŷ籾ܹӦεһ˿ϢȻҲǿԿ϶Ĵڣȴһ㶼Ӧˡ
ЩƣҲ̫ᣬֻԼıӣһͷȻת뿪
һƬţֻ
ڹŷ뿪֮һ˳֣ǸղŹŷɱǸ࣬Ϣ죬Ȼ١
͵ɽ绹н֮һԽϹŴǿ߽٣κνѡ
ݺŷ磬ˣ踱Ϊˣӽ𣬾ǿɱ֮Ǹ˵
ĻѾصݵĹŷ磬ͻȻһƬѪ⣬һ޴֣ڹŷͷ
ʲô⣿ŷһʱо˲ԣ֪ʲô顣
ŷ۾һϢļ䣬۾¶һĨЦ˵ˣȥģʲôƨˣ㻹ܲ顣
ƽȣֱӱ֡
Ѫ£䣬޷Ľڹŷϡ
ŷձһָǸɫ࣬޲ý٣ŷ飬촷ۡ
뵽еĹɫ࣬վûз
ŷصѧУŷһ˻֮ɫҰףһ˹ȥʵϳ˹ŷ磬ӣȫǳʲôĻĲ֪Լλȥ
õģٻѩû飬Ҹ׾ˡŷϽס͵


1232 
ŷ縸ף˶һ㶣ʧٺܳʱˣȻˣһٻѩ˶û뵽
ʱȴֹסˮϲ˵̫ˡ
ڹŷĻһ㶼ûлɣΪžԵΣȻŷ˵ˣǾͿ϶ˡ
ЩŮˣڹŷ簮ı֣ǾŹŷ磬ͬʱҲףŷ粻ƭԼˡ
֮أҲˣֻһЩСඣ˳ɲ򡣡ŷЦ˵
Ļ˶ȻҲо˽֮س˴飬Ǳˣվҿ϶ŷĻֲʱȷˣŮλ᲻ˡ
ǸˣΧ̸ˣ̲סˡ
֮أǵͷϣ˼ʮ꣬ϹŴܽ٣ҲǳһһϮ磬Ѿˡ
ڽ֮ظвûˣٲÿʱÿ̶ĵ
Ϲûбôңôίˡ࿪ڣɫЩΡ
ŷҡͷ˵ĴҵԭΪһˣȴԼŮίù
໥ԼΣһεӡ
ļŮ˶һۣԷйܰͥǳأȻŮӵһˣ໥֮ĹϵȴõĲˣ׽һ
ǣǻؼҰɡŷɨЩŮһۣЩЦ⡣
ŷȵһŮﻹ֪ʲô˼ʱɫ죬ȡ
ŷЦһֱӾ𼸸Ůˣ뿪Χѧʦ¶Цݡ
ͬߣٴγֵʱѾʮ֮ˣŮɫģҪγˮһ
ŷһӣЦŵĶԼŮˣа뵽һ壬Ǻá
Ҫ֪ŷ罫Լķ֮˺ԼŮͬ棬֪᲻
ˣ֪ѧаŮȫߴġ

ŷЦ
һ˽Ӣ䣬ŷ֮ɫ¶һĨ
С¡
ŷк˲ǱˣĶ¡
ס¿ڣ
ŷȻ˹ӣǶȴûпеĶ¶С
ڹŷ磬ĵ׶Դġ
ãѾˣһۿµΪŷ΢΢Щȣɫг͡
ʵµʾ㲻Ϻã˵ͨĺڷܣԳɾͲ͡
ˣ᲻ϵؽֻҪֹ㲻ֹͣǿܻ˵ϣճɾͶǿߡ
ħ𣬱һˣһ鷲УճΪһħȻħذħԼ΢һЩ
лл׿佱Щ˵
ˣŷ΢΢üˣһᣬȻǵȬס
ɫ΢΢һ죬Щ˼˵Һ˼ұԣˣûġ
ߺܶ𣿡ŷʵ
࣬Ѿ֪ļУû˻¶֣ƣ¶ԸңԲŻ֣һսģ鷢˲ֹһˡ˵ɫЩ䡣
ʹ󽫣Ϊﵽ˸߾磬վֿסܶˣһȺǿѹȥǹҲò
ߡ
ŷһһ⣬ûµڣʱϵƣȫת
ɫϢǿ˲١
Ҵ㶷սúԺҴŷ˵һָԼĶս˳ȥ
ϺüķţԶսΪܹԼʵӵһµĵز
Ϊﵽ񾳽磬ȻҲʶ֮ˣʱַŵ֮Ͻŷл
һʲôŷһۡ
ͷ뿪
СһԺȻܳɴŷ翴뿪ıӰ˵
ɫ¶һĨϲ⣬ŷ羹Ȼ£ˡ
Ϲ֮ҲӦȥˡٻڣǹŷһŮˣҲǼе֮ϴ󣬾񣬶޷ȡٻĵλ
˭ŷʵ
öˡ˹ŷһۣٻû˵ֻ֣еĵ٩Ǹ˶ܹ
ŷٺһЦе㲻˼֪Լ黨ǲݣòŮ˶˷ģȻڵԼ
֪ˣİɣԺ󲻻ٺ˼Ůˡŷ籣֤
ٻȴֱӵûһֻܹţǲء
Ϲһ뿪Ϊ˼ãȸЦеʵ
ŷͷðЦ


1233 ״
ٻɫڣû뵽ŷ羹ȻŮˡ
Ϲˡʹ̲࣬ס˵
ŷҲЩΣʱƣǰѾһˣǰһҪӵ
Ҳǹġŷ͡
ġŮ
ðɣŷԼˣӣһʧ
ŷ粢ûȥǼŮˣҵ
壬˵һʲôŷʵԾˣ˲
Ц˹ŷһۣû뵽㾹Ȼɳһˣˣһϵˣݵǿһɵˡ
ݲӢ鶼սֻмǿ߻ˣŷüʵ
ʵϣд̵ģİ汾ǿ߼ȫսԾݺᣬŻᱻӡ硣
սĶӢ飬ûսģ˵ģȻӱˡһЦԯ޵г֣ɫг˲м
ŷѾܵԯ޵еĵĻŷɫ΢΢һҲ˵Щ˶ǵųȴΪԼݵ־ʵǵЩϲģûвμսӹһ٣

ԯ޵һۣ˵֣ûпĻӦǾһˡ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼͷ
ҲɱΪʲôǰδ˵ˣн֮أʲôӵĴڣŷһʳ⡣
ԯ޵пһۣ˵飬ҲǸո֪кܶɱÿһ˵һе縱еǶһˣǴҪ˵ڽ֮أֿΪһ¡
̾ϢһΪӾ˵ʵħӰ˽ܣǽħȻħΣһ磬Ǹ磬ǽ֮ء
Ŀж֮ȴڴһʵ⣬ˣҲδؾͰʲôˡԯ޵Ц
Ĭû˵
Ǿ飿ŷһ
ԯ޵еͷЦҪʶλãȻҪһЩ飬ҪԼʵʵϽ֮أġ
ԭŷ綯ˡ
ΪʲôҪٻѩŷЩɻٻѩʲڣŷ粻ףԷΪʲôѡ
Ҳֻо֪ˡԯ޵ҡͷһĲ֪
ŷĿԼҲҡͷЦҲ֪
ðɣŷûʡ
Ĭãſڵȥˣ
ԯ޵һæ˵㲻ȥˡ
ΪʲôŷɻʵȻǰˣҲӦòõġҾɱʲôʹߣǱʵҲӦûҪ£ŷ粻ԼΣա
ʼսһѪϴ˰ˣǿУ統У޷٣鷳ǰˣǾͲһˣǾԻȺ֮ԯ޵пЦ
Լʼ飬ŷ絹ʲôԵĵط˲һȺų򣬶ѣûʲôɱġ
ˣʱȥعʱ䣬Ҫʧʱǿ߽٣սվûа취⡣ŷ˵
޷ʱ䣬츳µľˣʱȻˣҲ޾塣ԯ޵Ц˵
ŷͷȻԯ޵лվһߣĴ̷ݡ
ˣҸӦݺϢûСԯ޵ʵʵʱһ溺ӣȻԵЩš
ԯ޵еĻû˵꣬ȻӦԯݺϢǸоԯݺϢܵ˼Ĵˣ쳣΢
ԯ޵еǣԯݺʲô⡣
ŷ˵ԯݺԪ˳Ԫǳ΢һ㶼һǿߡ
ЩƵԪԯ޵һ⣬˵˭ҵĶӣ
ĳԯ޵зǳӼֱҪһ
ߡ
ŷ˵֣ԯ޵סˡ
߾磬߶˵ֱһ˵ʵȻϹŴ񣬶ԯ޵˵Ǹ߸ϵģʡ
ҲݣҲ˵ߣֻԯݺκͻ߳˹ϵִڣ޾¶һΣȻǳ֣ҲΪһϡ
ԯݺȻȻڻߵУҲһ϶ѡ


1234 ټ
ŷ罫ɽ˵˳ʱ𺳡
֮ȻʧҲõˣеɽܣȻˣҲĿŵĶ㡣ԯ޵и̾
ɽ磬ڻйһ㴫˵ĵطû뵽ĴڣЩеǳϡ
ǰգܵУһµ罵٣ǻΪȻγɵأǿߴԾûȥ̽ڲ֪ԭǴеĵɽ磬䡣
ԯݺݣԯ޵ĿɿڴתȻԼĶӣһֽĸо
գֻĴ˵ûмʶһ¡Ҳ̾
ʦҲãƢһ㡣ŷЦ˵գ𾴣ȻΪͽȷʵһĿģ֮Ŀ˵û˵
ʥԸңڻĶд˵ģȻ֪ʥһǳԭˣȻ㷢Ƣԯ޵Ц
ĵ˵նǵż񣬾ԯ޵ж⡣
ʱһҪʴʥҪһǩ۾Ź⣬ɷǵʣȻ޴档
ŷʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˣֻܸ̾μǶڻ˵Ӱ졣
ʵ飬ҶѾˣûбˣˡŷ˵ûеȵ˻شתߡ
ԯ޵ǿЦãʵ˻ʹŷһЩ⣬û뵽ŷһᶼûиǡ
ɽ꣬ĹУŷȴûзֳ裬Է֪ȥˡ
ŷ費֪೤ʱûˡ
أŷЩȡ
費Ӱ֪ȥˣŷûзκζüͷһ̤뿪
֮У龳ǿߣʼͣӿֳǲЩɾǿߣش֮ȫʼͻƣѹ˺̤ܶ꣬ʵ˼㣬Ϊ֮󣬼ǿ
ֻΪǳΪʱʵ̫ˣԲûͻƵߵľ磬ǹŷţò˶ã磬üǿֵʢ
һ̤ɽڽĵѾΪĵ˻Ĺڡ
ÿ˶һĻŷԼˡ
һŮӣĹɣһ鶯һͤ棬Գһ羰ƲĿ⡣
ŷ֣ŮӵһЦ촽ˡ
𣿡ŷͤУŮӵ뻳С
롣Ц˵鶯ǰı䣬ֻϵϢԽӵǿˡ
ԼͷڹŷĻУ˵֪֮󣬲һңҾ;ˡ
ŷóʥŮʱЩԹһʮϰ꣬ڻع飬ʮ֮󣬲ȻЩˡ
һ߰ɡŷ⡣

˳ӵĵͷ뿪ͤ߳СԺӡ
ϲڵ˿һĻ֮󣬶ʱԾôЩһֱȻһ˵ĻУǾԼΡ
ǣŷ硣˾ϳ˹ŷݡ
ԼͣЩ֣ԼĻ˹ŷ硣
Ǹ˵еĹŷ磬찡ˡ
ǰ˴ţŷУع飬˽֮أˣдţʵǹŷŮˣˡ
ҲֻУܹҶۡ
ŷ絭ЦһۣƽûЩ˵Ļһ
˲УڹŷĻУͬɾ£ƶˣһ쳣гĸо
ŷ硣
һȵ𣬹ŷ罫Ŀ˹ȥ
¶ȵɫ˲Ǳˣ޷ޣͬУһɾµӡ
壬ŷֱƺ
þòڱɲ⣬ȻΪǼһĶӡЦ˵ȥôʱ䣬Ϊͻ񾳽磬ǹŷȴܹܵ޵һսԲ񾳽ô򵥣ܹɱߡ
Ҳһͬɲ⣬ǿ߾磬ҲָտɴŷЦ˵
ûǸ뷨ˣֻӣһһ죬ѵõƽЦ˵ƽͣһ㶼ûоâ
ǹŷȴһָоӵޣȴӵĿ£һסзâĽһʣԾ춯ء
ˣˣҺҪȥˣɡ޿һۣ뿪
Ǿһͨޣͨһ㶼ʣȴС


1235 Ҹ
ȴǵıӰȻ˵Ľǡ
ŷͷЦ˵ҵҲҪǾԽ࣬ȴԽԽŲ¡
㲻һûбҪԼǸλá˵
ŷҡͷǰգҴûоԼǾҪģֻǱҵļˣܵ˺ܹһֱƽȥǵ֪֣֮ܶᷢ뷨ʵݳޡ
֪Խ࣬Խ࣬ԽξԽ˾ġ׷ϹŷĲ
Źŷ֣˵ΣǶȥ
ŷ֣û˵һоڲС
ЯڸʿɽϣкܶˣַɫĶУһЩ֣磬ĺг˶ںһƽµ
ⲻе𣿡Щ̾˵
ûиߵ͹ҶƽȵģڿǺʵһ
ŷҡͷָָԶһڵСڼһƿӣ˵ﻹԶԶ֮ܳΪá
ÿүҪɽһŵһǿϢ
˻һڵϡ
ŷһۣת˹ȥ
һѿݹǣ˵ˣҲһãʹѪ⣬ǹŷҲܹӶԷֶУܵŰ衣
ĵطֲ˺Сһʿվ˳ɾǴʱȴǳԷ
ССϣ
һ߻ƽãʣǸʲôүĻһ䣬Ǹǳóֱ֣ӴһɭȻİ׹⣬ҪԷɱ
ǸʿкȻɾԷһ֣ܹǶ֣ɫ۾
ס֡һŭ𣬵Ǹʿǰ棬һԷĹ
ŷ΢΢Щȣһ˵ŮֻǶԷȻûϳԼ
ʶ
ŷͷѩᣬڵãһ棬ô꣬ӦѾ˰ɣû뵽յһСѾͷھȻҲǿߡ
ûа㣿Щˡ
һۣŷû˵ʲô˶ϲҵģѾͷУҶĻˡ
ŷһƵӣ̲ס͵Ц
ŷŮ˵ʵĴûм
л֮Ǹɾǿ߸Ͻл֪ҪΪѩĻԼˣԲܶùһһġ
ˣ̫ˣ۸ˣΪûѵû˵ŷǸ쵰Ѿˡѩ˵һʱȥˣȻ˴棬˵Ļ˸оɰ̲סЦ
ΧĿɿڴʵڵ˳ƺŷ磬ǳƺΪУǳƺ֣˻ᵱкŷ쵰
ŷԿ˵ıڳ䣬źܸߵ
ǸƽãԴӿѩ֮۾ʱƲˡƽ˸ǲʥ࣬һɭɭ
âɢȥȻѪ⣬һɫսףһӢͦεĸо
»ƽ𣬲֪շƽһ秵ӣòŮ˶ðˡ
ʹ֪ƽʵһãǻ˲סĶʵ̫Ӣˡ
ΧЩŮֳԵ۹⣬ƽɫЩ⣬Ȼã¶ǶԼǷǳĵģһƤܹ࣬Ե֪Ůˡ
ҵ𣿡Ŀ˻ƽһۣѩ¶һӡ
󵨣Ҽˣδӣ䲻㣿ղųֵǸ˵
ѩ¶һĵɫЦ˵ﻹûʬ񱣬˼жԶ͸ҹԶŵϵһʬζҾ;öġ
˵ʲôƽɫ
û뵽ѩ᲻ûбԼԵȻ˵һʱŭˡ
˵ʲôһûӵãΪ仯һƤܹ࣬ƭСˣûӹȻûӡһĵӣûƽɫļҪγˮ
ƽ˵ͷǿϣѩֹȥ
ɱңҪǺú˸㣬ҸڣӦ֡ѩЦ
ƽɫ䡣
Ȼ˵ڣһ·ˣһѾΪ޵ߣȻһҲҪɵ֡


1236 ָ
޵Уһ·ϳۣ硣Ǻɨǿߣ䣬пܵϹŴ񾳽磬пܺʼĴڡ
ˣ޹δܵ
ѩһ񣬻ƽԻ֣ǴʱȴԥΪĵĽý
ôˣˣǾ͸粻ܹеĵطѩ쳣ǿƣҲһ
ƽϾһλߣһɱģδػɵ硣
ɱһɽˣҲŻ֪ɱƽһʹͻȻڣɭȻ
˻һ˶𾪣¶ֵ̿ɫ
ƽһ£ֱӴһ⣬ʿɽ
һ߲ˡƽЦȻԼµĽ飬Ҫɱˡ
ƽҪ֮УأɱˣȻû֪վỳɵͷϡѩɫû뵽ƽȻҪɱˡ
ôû֤óȻһ翪սȻҲΰɡƽЦ
ѩɫһͣʵϸղҲֻŻԷ˱ɱδܹ鵽ƽϡ
Ⱥϻ֪Ͷȥɡƽ𿪿ڣɫᣬˡ
ѩᾪŭüͷŻƽ˵ƽú
ߣǲģҪúŪ㣬֪ᷳΪֹƽѩᣬЦţ
ޡѩŭҲ£һҰʮӡ
үҾϲӵŮˡƽЦ
ؼϲȥɡѩһڿˮ
Ǹɾǿߣʱ̲סЦ٩֮ˣʬ帴֮󣬳ΪĹҲ֪˭
֣мʶҴˡѩһЦ
ƽɫ׵ĳЦ˵һȺϣȻңɱ
ȫ˻Ҫɱѩǡ
ѩ֣赲ЩˡΪ񾳽磬֮Щ˺ֻܶ࣬һ֣㱻ɳȥЩҲףԼҪŮˣûɱ֣ѩ˶ûС
ǶԴˣȴûˣһޱȣҪɱ˸ʿɽе顣
ꡣ
ʱëȻ鷢ˣЩֵˣȫƣȻȻըˡ
ʲôˣƽëȻĿ棬ܣһı顣
ϢнЩʹȫɱʵֲ̫ˣ߶δܹ
겻ѩɰŷ˳ǺЦѩ˵
쵰㡣ѩɴӣһӣ̲סЦ̫ˣû뵽쵰㾹Ȼҿûôš
ŷЩƣЦ˵ֺòá
ڻƽ¶Ȼɫ쵰ȻǵãղѩһǴ쵰Ǹ˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
ŷ硣
ƽֱҪ
˲мҲףЩ˾ԲԼܹġŷһڰǰܹսߣǿߵ׷ɱ֮£Ȼߣٴγ֣ȻѾﵽһߵľ硣
𣿡ŷ翪ڣһֵֻƽǰձ飬ֱӱ˻
ŷһֻѹ䣬ƽ𸲸棬ƽȴͳ岻ȥ
ҹ¡ŷ絭Ŀһۣһɿµϣڻƽϡ
ͨ
ƽûκηء͹ŷȣʵ̫ˣͿⲻ˹ŷϡ
֮еϣŷʵ
ƽͨ죬ʱȻϣϾԼԼ˵ġϡĽ¡
˵
ŷһۣƽһѪȻĶŹŷ磬ղһָоǱãѹϣֿµѹܹ˲ǧٴΡ
оޱȣղŻƽ̫ǿƣΪϣȫǸӵ̬ȣҪɱǣȴ³ƴġ
ҪɱҪУԶ֣αҡƽ˵
еԹŷϣȻ³Ļ
ȻǾȥɡŷ絭һЦȻΪԷйŹ֡
һֵֻŷҪɱƽ
ס֡
һԻ˿µϢҲǰ׹ڹŷǰ棬ҪĹ

ŷ翴˷һۣᵯָ飬ֱʧ
ʼ档ƽ¶ɫ
޵еʼ棬Ի࣬Ȼסŷһָŷʵʵ̫ˡ
ۼŷָͷԼ£ƽ˫ۣȵĽ١


1237 ټ
ۡ
ƽ飬ĻҲʧŷ翴ѩһۣЦ˵Եټ
һ̤뿪
ǿУһ·߹ȥսǿУۼǳֿɵá
ЩǳƯ̲ס˵
ժһţŷʵ
˷ܵĵͷһεı顣
ŷ֣һǳУֻСǳ˸ҫ۵ĹâǹŷһַֻЩâʧôֻۣ֮˸ʮɫԵۼй⻪ٴ˸һ£һɫͣŷ罫һǶ棬Ƕһʯһ
ˡ
ŷ罫ݸУͻȻڹŷһ£˵лл㡣
ŷӵ˷·بűֱؾͷ
˵ǸûĵĻˡУŮվһɫЩԹ
Ѿ˰ɡ粺ЦɫȻ
ҧԼĴЩ˵һҪǸҽˣҾ
˵ĺƵģܴ𣿡粺̲סЦ
粺Ļһۣû˵Ͳ˵һĻǼһﲻİ˰ɣ
粺ҡҡͷᶨ˵ʹңҲҪ˵һϲҵġ
Щ̾粺ļֺţȲ˵ģЩһֱڻûʧ粺죬ȴһֱǳţԼùŷϲԼġ
ߣǲţ˲˵ˣǸ쵰ˣȥӦһ¡粺ҡҡͷ˵
ᵽǸ쵰ʱ粺ԿԿŲá
ҽٻǣ°ɣǸȻǽٻǳ϶پġԥһ£̲סȰ
粺ȴᶨĲͬ⣬û˵ʲôݣܹǳְǣ˰ɣҲ뱻˿𡣡
粺Ļ̲ס̾ϢһЦ˵̫Ҫǿˡ
粺һۣ˦˦Լ㷢ԸеĴ΢΢Ц˵ⲻҪǿ𡣡
ðɣȥӦǸ쵰ȥɡһۡ
粺һЦȥӰʧȴ¶һĨɫ
ǸôӦģһСģ粺ĻԿ
˰ɣٿʵڲУҾȥҽٻǣŷҲˣǳĻ϶ܹǸ쵰
վҲȥ
粺첻һѾˣ粺ȻȦʱȦǰҪɾĶ࣬ЩνǱҪ˲١
ȻҲЩȽǿƵˣϲװƣЩ˴һЩΪǿʿǲἱɫֻǰԵһѡ
粺ˣ֮УһǳǿƵǿߡ
ڴϣǰľȫǰֲͬʱʿ˶ǳû岻õˡ
ȫ֮󣬳ˣ˲֪٣ѾԶǣҲǵš
һ£߹ȥ΢΢Щ̾Լһ룬뵽ŷһϤеİӣЩˡ
ǰһ㱼䣬ǻ˹ŷģ
̫ˣһ·ˣܹǸЦԼĳԹŷԵ˼㣬ӶӰ
Ůþò·߹Ȼһգδı䣬ǻǣƵסˣȻʧЦˣһôҡ
ȻʧЦһֻ˵˹ȥ
ˮʮ㣬ȶأκʵ߽˵
ŷЦãŮ˲Ƿ˰ɣúõ˵ʲôΡ
Ҳһֻ֣ϣŷ绵Цʵڻ𣿡
۰
һ˦˦ԼԴԼСӹŷħצ˦˳ȥȻɴ۾ⲻΡ
ԲΡŷЦ˵
һ£ʹһһ˫ĿŹŷ磬ŭҴûĵģһ۸ҡ
˹ŷĻУһ˫ڹŷţȴûκڸŷ簴Ħһ
ŷû˵ֻǱŮˡ
Ϊ¶һŮˣνίʱ򱬷ˣڹŷĻгҭš
˾վڴϣΧۣܶ¶ĵЦݣǻΪС£ء


1238 Яεɽ
ã˲ŷֿ
ŷ߽һ
Щȥˣ̲סʵ
ŷ类ǿ׷ɱʵ֪˲࣬ܶ˶֪ŷ䣬ֻ֪뿪硣
תһȦȥϽ磬ȥ˵ɽ磬Ϊʦսġŷƽ˵
ЩԼЩ̾һʱ䣬ʵǾ̫ࡣĻߴսǾĶǣһ̣սսеĹս½ѹӡʱѾһˡ
˵˵أզ˵˽ϡ˹ŷһۣΪŷƭԼ
㲻ţŷ绵Ц
ͷȻǲţ˽նǴ˵еҲһɾʿˣûǵĴڣȻ˾鹹ġ
ҴȥŷһֱûУԼ֮һľ͹٣ǻûнء
ŷ纹գղһʱļһӾ˽ˣëүү֤ԼԲǹġ
ɽ磬ʫ续ɽѾָɺ׷裬һƬг
̲֮ס۾ЩҲеĲٵط˺ܹܶһزģĺټ
ﲻ硣̲ס˵Կ϶ԲС
Ǵ˵еĵɽ磬ҴȥʦŷЦ˵
Щ㶣ѵŷ˵ģգҲ˽䡣
ŷֱ֣򻨹ɽ˹ȥյĹ򣬹ŷȥʱӰ˳ħŮŮ
ŷ纹գ˻Ů˵ĴأӸô͡Ҫĸˣȴое鷳ˡ
๫ˡŮϲغֱͶ˹ŷĻ
ħŮסŷһ첲ͬϲӡǻˡ
ЩȣŮ֮ϣŮ˵ǰȻһԲλĸо
ҲǹŷŮпЦֲùŷһʼԼԭԼòŮ˵УĲǳڡ
λáȴкȻ֪˵ݣŮԹŷĳƺ֪ѾǹŷŮˡ
Ⱥ˳Ļ϶ҪƺԷΪ㡣
ʱħŮŮǲŷ΢΢һ£Ȼ¶һĨЦݣá
ǵ֣ȴ˹ŷһ£ùŷЩ졣
໥һ£ʱãϲŷ磬ȻԹŷ粻ͣŮЩȴùŷΪѡ
СӣôͻˣҸܵһ类ˣİɣճ֣һɫۣɡ
ʦŷһӡ
ʦŹŷһͬʱһգЩ֣ŷ˵ʦգô˳һ㶼ûк
ǿ˼Ц˵ķȻѾ޳ͽϱҪĻǿԱ仯㿴
ն֮УŲٵ˽⣬֪Լڻеĵλ
ʦ˼ֻǺ档죬Щ˼ֵԼ²õӡ
޷
մЦͻȻֳһֻԳߣɢſµϢһƣÿһ򣬶лصܡ
̱ˣǰգֻд˵еʥֿµϢ
պָܿЦ˵˰ɣ
ͷĿ˸Сǣ˵ʦԸǩҴСͺܳ㡣
û⡣ȻܾЦ˵
óֽʣݸա
ɷд˳սǩıӣݸ
ллʦһĵӣʮһ׷ӡ
ŷЦãû뵽УվȻеλĴǣһ׷ˡ
ˣˣϼһͲκˡЦ˵һΣ뿪
๫ҪȥչˣɡŮħŮһۣҲЦ˵
˲䣬ߵľʣ¹ŷˡ
ǽȥимˣ̧ͷŷʵ
ȥŷѯʡ
һ£Ȼ˵Ҫ϶𣬴˵϶һŮȻǴ˵еɽ磬϶϶Ĵڣȥòã
϶𣬹ŷ΢΢һ㶣ͻȻʶԼһ⣬ԯݺһԪԼߣ϶һǳĵǣӦȥ߶Էһ
ͬʱŷҲ֪϶𵽵ǲĴڣʵͶӰôڡ


1239 ¹֮
칬̫֮ϣһŵŮӣһϮ£Ӻݻϴһ˿ݣģЩ˼
ŷֱϾ죬¹֮ϡ
еһ칬̫һƬ࣬滨һ棬Ŵ
¹Ϊ϶ס
̤¹֮ϣɫһƬ̾ʵ̫ˣȻе䣬ȴе㲻ʵ
¹ʵЩţ˵е¹дĸһĸо
¹սۼ٣϶ʧԶӭһǸ
˽Ŀⶼ˹ȥһضȻʧɫŮӣǰŮȣȴͬһ㣬û˿â
϶ӡŷͷ
Ŵ϶˹ЩȻóֽʣ˵ӣķ˿ǩɡ
ŷЦãѾͷˡ
϶΢΢ЩȻܿ췴ӦЩŤĽùȻǩԼ֡
϶дͬһ㣬һֳĵЦˣ۾Ц
ѾͷܿģһеʹԼҲѾǳĴڣȻ˵˷ܡ
϶ӣ׾һֱĽӣʧĵطŷ繰˹֣˵
޷ۺͷ롣϶ӵһЦ⣬һƣ˽¹һ
Ѿ˺棬϶ӵ룬ЩȲҪ¹˼ӣŷ˵ͷ˽ȥ
һ·̨ͤ¥ʤգ죬滨ݣɢ˵ķҷĿϾӣʹŷ磬΢΢Щ𾪡Ҳȥܶطˣɽ˲֪٣˵Ư¹֮УԵϵһ
ţ侹Ȼĵط
϶𿴵ϵľ̾ĵ˵϶޾£һУǾĴģֻֻһֻ㣬ƾߣ˹顣
˵϶˹ŷһֹۣ
ŷһ϶ʲô˼û˵ʲôֻЦ˵ӳ飬ҵ
أգ۾֪Ǵ˵еȻ񻰴˵УȥȻĽ϶˼һֱţ޾£ŷ⡣
ֻд֪ˡ϶˹ŷһۡ
ûеȵŷ˵϶˵ۺͷȥȡһЩˮ˵֮ûеȵŷǴӦ϶뿪ˡ
֪䣿ȵĿŹŷ硣
ŷͷЦ˵Ԫȴ㽻ȥ
ΪʲôЩɻѵ϶𻹻Ầ˴಻ɣ飬֪ġ
ŷҡͷЩε˵úʵ壬Ǵ࣬һԯݺᣬ˻Ȼһ壬һûʱ佫ǷֿҲҶֲǣҲ֪òýԪ񽻸϶𡣡
΢΢Щ㯣ŷ˵ʲô˼
ŷҲͣΪ϶Ѿˡ
ۺͷá϶ˮȫɹɢ˵㡣
ŷһɹҧһڣԵĲֺȻ㣬Ǻһʱʵ̫ˣ̶ֳ̫࣬ȵɹûгԹ
ʴһ⡣϶Źŷ磬۾ġ
ʵҲһ⡣ŷҲڵ
϶΢΢һ㶣һ֣ʡ
ӣ㵽ûʵŷĿơ
ʵֻתȴͨǸӰͶӰγһõķǼٵģġ϶˵
Ȼ϶ӣùŷЩ⡣
Ҫ֪࣬ˣһ϶ҲӦ֮ˣֻγڵɽ磿
϶Ӧ͵ҩ̺ҹҹģشӦǸ˵ɣ϶ʵ
ŷͷڻУû˲֪϶µĹ£ҳ鵤ȴе¹ǵɽ¹۵ƣҽɽġ϶Ц˵
ۣŷ羪ȣ۵˭
һԳ۵ˣһµǿߣ͵ɽĻҲ²Ӧþ˵ĸ߲㡣϶𿪿ڣȻ˵˵֡
ŷо˸϶ʵΪʲôҪɽ磿
֪λ߱ѹҴһ㡣϶Ļһùŷ
ǸνۣѵܹǧţĽ֣ƣߡ
ĻҲ̫ˣйλߵδ¹ɽˣҪҪĴۣ޷󣬶Щ߻δ죬͸ӿˡ
һµǿߣƶδ֪ǹŷеĶ۵Ķ塣


1240 
Ƕ񣿡ŷʵ
϶ҡͷ޷˽ԷԷֻһŵҩΪһɣ۷Ĵɡ
ŷҲµֿܣϾǿߣҪʲôΪôԼ˵ûܹ
һ䣬Ҫת֮ԯݺᣬõĴŷ綢϶ӣʵ
ŷʻ϶һ£Ȼɫ¶һĨ֮ſЦ֪ϲӦķתʹת֮ҵķǴ޾£޷񡣡
Ѿˡŷҡͷ˵
϶ЩȣȻЦҡҡͷȻ˵Լ޷ѡ񣬵ʵѾѡˡ
һ취ֿǵģն֮ϵ㡣ŷ˵
ģ϶ӵ۾һ
ŷЦŵͷЦ˵ʵһ˸㣬ԯݺұõѣҵ÷Ҳ뿴˺ұˡ
϶΢΢һ㶣ȻЦáףʹԼѡԯݺᣬŷҲὫԯݺ͸Լǽͻ
չŷĴ㣬Բ˺Լ˵ġ
۵顣϶ӿЦ
ŷ˿϶ӻеһڿ࣬Ц˵Ӧ˵С˰ɣҾ뷨Ҫߵ˶ĺܺãòҪܵһί
ߵˣһҸ϶ӿͷԵҡͷʧЦ
Դʱ̧ͷһˬĶŹŷ磬û˵Ҷһ㣬Ҫң̫óˣһǵһγôóԵˮء
̰ԵѾͷˡ
ûбҪɹʦɽкܶ࣬ҪԵĻȥʦɽժһЩʦӦûأʱҲҪϼŷЦõ˵
ŷĻ۾ȫңǿǴ˵еĶ
һ˷ܵӣŷԴʱǵ˹ŷһۡ
˵顣϶Ц˵
л佱ֵĵл
ŷ쳤̾ŮҲôˣѵû϶еһ˿٩
ˣҪﶪˣ߰ɡŷһס뿪¹
뿪ıӰ϶΢΢̾һиǸӢΰˣ֪Ҫٹ೤ʱ䣬ܹǸˡ
ȥԶŷ籧ڻУЦӯӯʵ
ղһˮԵģʳھҪһ
ŷһۣ֪ԣҴȥһ¡
˵ıܶ࣬ܳԵĶҲ϶ܶࡣ۾ˡ
ŷʵǲ֪˵ЩʲôѾͷѵһ궼ǶģȻ̰ԡ
Ǿ쵽ŷ˼˹ŷһۣû˵˭ûĵļһô˼һ˼Ҳ費˼룬֪ûгԹһٱˡ
ðɣŷʾԼ˵ˣ˵ˣҲ֪Լηֻǹŷһ˫۾ȴʱĴģѾͷȣ֮ǰ˿һ˿ϣʵǿˡһɾǿ߻𣿹ŷԼʡ
ؽȻûǰƣȻǿΪʥ͹ŷչˣȻĺŵ
ŷһŮ̫һԵЩã˹ŷһۣת뿪һ仰û˵
ǲʲôˣе㲻ʵ
ûУСе㺦ߣ˼ˣСﲻҪģǹŷķˣҲҵĺӣɡϴЦݣȻϺһ
ʵϣŮ޸ŷ֮󣬰֪ŷԲһרһˣںֻҪŷŮþˡ
ллͷЩ˼
ˣһһΪ˿һ˰ãһΪѾͷҪʶһ¶֪ܲǸط˾֪ĵطŷЦ˵
𣿹ȻϲǾͶһʱ䣬Ȼ󣬵Ҫα鶫Ҫ졣Ц˵Ǻ飬˷ˣζʣȫûмʶĶ
ҲڵĳţһûУЩŮ̲סЦһɫŹ֡
ŷ絹⣬ϲ飬һ㶼ҪôôŮˣ˵Ķ
һ죬ǳԱζͬʱҲʶ̻Իͣ¹֮ϣȫһĸо


1241 ħ
֮뿪㵹е㲻ᣬŮڻɽٻЩĺЩįҪ顣
ɰϣ㿴ŮӰӡ԰ŻԹŷ罫ûκǳˡ
뿪̾Ϣһվû
̫Сˣɽ綼̫Сˣݲ¹ŷ磬ǳʲôľٶ
㲮һˡһԼ棬һۼɢλһĹâ
ǰһˣҲһֱΪģܿϧûʱӦҪȥˡŷЦ˵
ص𣿡Щʧʵ
ȥڵɽĺ֣ܿҪֻйŷʱר˵ģϣʱܹһֱȥ
վҪصģǵļҡŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣû˵ԵЩĬ
ôˣŷ̲סʵ
ص֮᲻ͬǰһңһֱ궼һۣЩĵ˵
Ȼȴôֵ꣬ȴһûУϣ
粺һֱڹ֪Լ᲻ֵȴз衣ŷ˵ԼǽˣֻǺ˺ܶ飬ûһֱ
֮Ȼں쳾ȥվûеȵŷĵ
ԭڵŷЩЦͬʱЩۣСŮˣԼô£Բеô׵ġ
İɣԲģҼȻѾˣѵ㻹ҵ˼𣿡ŷʵ
ģ۾һ
ŷͷЦ˵סҵļУ㲻᲻Ըɣ
Ը⣬ҵȻԸ⡣Ȼ׹ŷ˼סļУԼŮˣȻԸ⣬СЩˡ
ŷа̾ԼŮ˼ô꣬ʵЩ˵Ưʵϣ֮ŮһɫȻڵʱҲܺ͸졣
ڣʱĳƯɡŮӣʲôӵҲȴԼô꣬гɣѾΪһѰ׹ǣʧ䣬ŷܹٹԷ
ܹӵ㣬һҡŷ˵ֿ
鼤ڹŷĻУһۣ΢΢һ뵽һˣԼһȴô꣬һֱûзԼӼᶨ
աڣҪ˵粺顣
Ļû˵꣬㱻ŷסС죬ӵһоԼԺһƬհף粺飬ֱӾһˡ
ӦѾ֮ˣߣһȺŮƣһɫдһ˿٩
Щ˵ݣȻ֪һϽ˵λ㡣
ǺŵģԳƺΪ㡣ٻ˹һѽסЦ˵ҪţǲˣԺǶǽˣһˡ
ͣһָȾ˵ͷڷ
һȺŮΧһߴߴ̸ͣһЩȫ޼䣬ԵúǺ
ŷһͬʱе㽾ԼŮˣûͬŮһãùŷо
ŷ˵üͷͻȻȻһ쵰ͻȻʧ
ôˣŮ˶Щȡ
΢΢۾ȻЦ˵Ҫһˡ
粺𣿡ٻʵ
Щ⣬ЩŮѵ֪ǵĴ
ɫЩɻ󣬹͵ϹйϵŮˣһֱйע֮ǰҲ֪Ĵڡ
ԭȣɫ̲סˣԼ粺˳ճյĵ˹ŷô꣬ǰЩŮ֪ˣһЦԼˡ
ɫͨ죬ٻβ֪Щʲô
ٻЦ˵ӣĲò˼ʵĺǣΪϲ˹ŷô꣬Ⱥô֪꣬Ǻܲס
ҧŴ˵ͷЩ꣬˼֮࣬һ޷ġ
粺죬ҸҪûˡһǿħΪ߽ףһ˫Ӷ粺ϣſµѹ
ħ㲻Ҫң˵Լϲ㣬ǲϲ㣬㲻Ҫƾʵѹңϲˣǿǧ򱶡粺ǿޱȣһ˿Ѫڳߺܿµѹ
ҵҪ֪ϲ˵жˣǿǧ򱶣ΪǸǹŷĻҾ̹ġħЦɫг˲м
ھ͹°ɡһ


1242 󱬵ܵ
˭ħëȻӣ˹ȥ
粺죬Ѿǵɴ۾һŵı顣Ǹǣƣôֻг֣֮ȴȻ١
κʱ粺춼ûо˵ʵԼ˽ӽ
ҡ
һӰ֣ŷһ£ⶢڽħϣʱͨһ˵ϣղŵ磬ȫȻˡ
ҵŮˣҲǣĵӺܴ𣿡ŷ絭ʵ˸⣬ڽħ񣬴һɱ⡣
һᣬҲǹġħ󺰣־嵽˼㣬ΪˣȻ֪ŷıԣ۱Ůˣκ˶ǣȻĻŷȻᱩŭ
𣿡ŷ絭ʵ粺һۣȻЦʵŮô
粺ûлشֻ㶵Źŷ磬ɫ˼㡣
һٶδôɵˣѵ޳ɾ֮󣬾ͻΪɵӣֱ̫ϧˡŷҡͷ̾
粺ŷӦ˹ŷһۣû˵Цһ㶼Ц
ԼıӣŷٺһЦҲá˽ħһۣɫ˵ɣôһǺջ

粺ɻ
һı壬һͷӥ֪ΪʲôԼһħ֣ħһʶǳҵղ벻볢ŷһЦɭ׵ڵƹ£Ե쳣ˡ
ҪԼħһһ̱ڵϣһμײеļһҪһԵ
Ե粺ɴ۾һΪԼˡ
һ磬տ˼ֻϹŴ񾳽ģǸʣֱζޱȣһȻΪһ㣬϶ٵĿżһ¿ζҲǲġŷЦ˵
УҴˣ֪ˣҰɡħһ˳ڵ˿ͷġ
Ҫң˺˵Ļ㣬Ǿ̫źˣĺտӥζŷЦ˵
ħڵϣʲô˵
粺˹ŷһۣһʵ̫ˡû˵˰ɣһȻղеᣬǰվҽ˺ܶ鷳ҲǶжɡ
ðɣȻ˵ħ뿪ɣԺҪҵǽǣڶҰζǳȤŷЦе˵
ħϽͷھǸ˸ӣҲҴŷŮ˵⣬Ҿɧ粺죬ҲΪ֪粺ݣȻĻǲ粺ġ
ħ뿪
ңҺԼҪ棬ģȻĻҲҪԵˡ
УŷϲҰζ뵽ħһȥϢԼˣǧҪǹŷ͹ŷŮˣҪǱԵĻֵ̫ˡ
ħ뿪ŷ罫Ŀת粺죬ûȴ˵粺ȴһѱסŷ磬Ȼݺݵһڡ
ŷƣôٱǿǵġ뵽Ϊ˷ӵţԵЩ޼ɵ
һݡ粺˵
ŷ΢΢һûһݣʱһС磬Ȼ档
һ̨ͣͤ¥ʤա
ƴ֮ϷΪһ塣
粺ڹŷĻУͻȻڹŷǰݺݵҧһڡȴǹŷоʹ粺оԼһ㱻ŷļˡ
ŷЩ壬ϹŴ񹥻δܹ˺粺첻ֻһɾʿղƵĺã粺ͱסˡ
粺޺޵˵
˲Ů˲ŷν˵
ߡ粺һ۾ȴˣһᣬ۾˳ʱùŷЩˡ
һֻΪ粺ĨᣬŷЩǱ˵ôˣ˭۸ˣңҰСܵܡ
һ̣һָֻŹŷ磬쳣
ðɡŷ翴ԼһۣûԲеİã粺ɫǿŹŷ磬ЩǷǳģҪ֪ôŷܹȻûѶվһ˿룬ֻԼһ˼ţһĽܵĻûС
ŷ۾Ȼȥ
һҧȻһʱҽһ
Ҫ粺һҲҪвһ¹ŷģȴû뵽ŷĶˡ


1243 ˾ͻ
ŷϵЦݵʱ粺ʱԼƭˣŭŹŷ磬һ󻵵
ŷֱӷľлЦڴ󻵵Ҫʹˡ
һƬ컣ޡ
֮С飬ŷ粺ص硣粺ɫ»ഺһ
ڴϣҲʶˣŷʩչͨñˡ
Ҳˡ粺ͻȻŷ˵
ãҲ뷨ҹŷŮˣûбҪͷ¶档ŷЦ˵
ҪȥһЩ飬һȥɡ粺Щĺ͹ŷ˵
ŷͷ粺ǩԼĹ˾ڵ粺죬ӰӸ棬͸ˣ˵ķ˿
粺߸һ˵ʱ򣬲˾ȣ¶ŵɫҶ֪ǿĽħ׷粺죬Ǵδɹ粺ԼҲ˵ˣʱῼǸ飬ȴһһ֣ʾһЩʲô
ǽһãԶ濴ΰʩչ˿ռ䷨Ŀռĳ档
طŷͷǳ޿ռ䷨ָװޣһ쳣ţһ֪һǳиƵġ
ǵȻϰƵģȻ粺죬һ˾ʲôһмһŮ˳֣һɫӣ˸һ쳣޵ĸо
ҳԣǻ˵ǵԼܵˣʱڶˡ粺쿴˶ԷһۣЦ˵
ҵǲ֪ϰ֮⣬˭Ҳܵģ𣿻ߵᣬ粺ҿԽԽȥˣˣҲˣûж⣬治֪ܲҪ󡣡ǸŮ˲мĿ˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ŷЩԼ´ԼһȻͷŷѾ֪ˣԼΪŮʵһɵơ
׳ա粺첻мĿŮһۣԸеĴ³֣Ůˣ˹ŷһۡ˾Ҫ뿪
ǸŮȴԸ⣬ֱӵ粺ǰ˵粺죬Ұѻ˵ղ˭أ
粺Ц
ŷȴЩˬˣɨ˶Էһۣû˵ɧ꣬øҹԶ㣬ٵ·ĻҪҽˡ
ʲôǸŮ˱ɫһͷ꾫ΪͣڴףȻǿҪݵĻҲҪ񾳽С
ŷһ۾Ϳݣʵʵ̫ˡ
㵽ʲôˣŮʵ
Щ飬ܹ֪ģʵʵĴǣҪԼ鷳ߡ粺˺һۡ
ƽʱʱ򣬺ԼΪȽϸߣϺ͹˾һЩ߲йϵŰ裬Ȼҽ粺ôҲвٴΣ粺ĹǺйŷվţ粺Ȼʮ㣬ҲһɵûУǿơ
ŭ죬粺죬к˸ʱ׼֡
ŷƳһۣ˵Ҷ֣𡣡
ôĿºˣ۸۸ҵͷˡһһӱˣ֮绢ǣһɷ˲ԣ̲סˡ
ܡ
粺ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǹ˾еһ߲㣬һͷڹ˾Уͺ֮Ĺϵǳá
̰Ŀ粺ΧһȺЦ粺죬㵨ԽԽˣһˣ۸ͬ£Ϊ;һ𣿡
鲻еģǺơ粺˵ȻҲ֪Լ˵ĻԷͲ;ͺ֮䣬Ѿɼ飬˸Ǵһӵġ
ҿľǸ˭ҲʲôˣﲻܹҰĵط;˹ŷһۣ¶һĨмЦݡﵽ˼㣬Ϲŷ磬ΪΪǿߣϵļǿ֮⣬ǾԵĶ֣һ
һ˽ף͸Nɪ˭ŷЩ˶ԷΪʱ;ɫ΢΢һ䡣
һۿΪ;ʱҲŷ֣ԼͿŷΪɫʵ㵽˭
һǲˡŷ絭˵
Цû˭ǲģУ;Цȴڷֱֹڣδ쵽ŷΪֻ֪ŷΪԲԼĵ͡
УŷɫŹ֡
֪ǰվ˭𣿡һЦ


1244 ī
ùŷ΢΢һ㶣ת˹ȥһְҵװˣ㷢߸𣬻ɢһ־Ϣ
Ѿ֪ûбļ䣬ԺУŷ¶һĨЦݣû뵽ܼѣ˸˰
Ҳû뵽Щ߸ϣ񶼽㵱һݣû뵽ǾȻһ졣ǸŮЦӺݻ󣬳òѾҲǰϢˣֻһ˫ɣͬһμŷʱ򣬲ͣĴҪһ
īܣʶ;Щȵʵ
Ů˺ܿΪŮǹ˾ܣҪΪʵȻ;Ϊ˽׵ĸ֣ҲŮ˵Ķ֡
˵еУȻʶ׾ˣȻûϳ񡣡Ů˵
У;һ£ŷ񣬳𾪡
ʱ;ԼղŵΪǶôĿЦˣУǰУֱ̫ˡ
žž
;Լϳƣֱӹ£˵;УǸղ;֪УУܹԭ;
ıŵˣеУ֮ǰǿߴ׷ɱѣ֮˽֮أϹŴ񶼸ףִڣԼһܹġ
ɣ֪߲ѵȻ鷳ǵԺҪԼΪǿ۸ˡŷ絭˵
ҶԷ鷳УԼĶֲЩСЩߣǲĵˡ
ϹŴ񣬶ѾڹŷˡֻҪԷ̫֣ϲ
ﵽ㹻ĸ߶֮ЩҲǿˣѾȥƽϣҪļ鶼ҪŪһ
;лȻűŵùǺĺ뿪
īʶ粺죬īܵİ칫ң粺ڹŷĶ˵Щζ
ŷ̲סЦһЦ˵ҺīʶˣѧʱУѡ
Ǹīܣī
ŷĻЦŵ˵ͷŷ粺΢Щӡ
˵粺ϲˣţû뵽Ǹ˾Ȼ㣬Ҳѹ֣ܹһŮ˵һļһҲֻħˡīЦ˵
ŷӣīָ
Ǹô𣿡ŷЩʵ
øƨҵǾ̫ˣһŮһ꣬Ҫ粺ĻҾһ˼ˣ㳹īЦ˵
ҲŷŮʵ̫ˣ꿴粺죬Ҳġ
ֻ̫æˣɱɱЩɱˣǧˡŷЦ˵Щһ̶ûͣɱжȹԼŮˣû̫ڹעο粺죬δϵȷŮˡ
ɱǧˣ粺īĶЩ㶣ŷЩ׹ʲôӵ
ˣ˵ЩˣδǹĿɺãʯСأŷ뵽һ¶һĨЦ⡣
Ҷãֻ̫áīһ˿ɫ
ŷһ㶣ûǣ˶СܣȻЩûйܹǣòã̲סüͷ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ϲһԷĸΪ˷Ҫһ𣬶ԷĸŭһɱҪǸƣѾһˡ˵īһĨķŭ
ŷɫīһۣʵô
ǰմϢǸǿߣҪԼŮˣڲ֮飬ʱ߻ħڻڻԵءīЦһ˫Ӷڹŷϣ˵ŷ磬֪ҽȺȥһɡ
ߣҺ޲óŷһʱīһ¡
粺춼Щ⣬˼ҶѾˣŷ绹Ҫǲеˡ
ҹŷСܣʲôʱֵ۸Ҳ磬ѵҹ𣿡ŷˬʵ
ī΢΢һ㶣ȻЦʱҲ뷨ǵ߸ϣֲǲӦǵ󡣡
ǰҹŷ绹ҵӶˡŷҡͷЩ̾Ϣ
īĬʵҲǽŷǿˣҪĳġŹŷΪԽԽߣѾһˡŷע߸ϣӲã˼䡣
ȥ˵ҵСܣֻԼ۸ŷ˵
īһϲ֪ŷȻԸ֣͵ûˡ


1245 
ŷһУмήң˻Уһ㶼ȥķɡ
ŷüȻһƳ˳ȥ
ʲôһ̲סǳ⣬ĸĸŷԼĶӣʱԸˡ
ΪŮ˱ɱˣνΪǰ飬ȴһζ֪ŬıԼųΪҹŷСܣųȻô򡣡ŷ翪ڣϣһս⡣
ǰжѣҪǰУŬȡһ谭
ĸĬҲޣҲ֪ŷ˵Բ˵
ѹ
ŷ翪ڣһ⣬ûС
һǿֱӽϴһ飬һɲɢ֮ǰήȫһ
ĸϲվһߣ嶼΢Ĳ
ŷȴ΢΢üһüķ⣬һԪ֮ɳüĵС
һʥγһӰ
ߡīһ
ߡ
ǸԪγɵӰһָȻҪĨɱڳˡ

ŷµĹ۾ֱӽԪ֮γɵӰ顣
īһȻīѾ񾳽ǿߣսǿ󣬵ߣҲͬмٵߣΪ޾µĻۣͻƳΪ֮սǿ
ˣԲǶ֣Ҳ䵽һز
֮߻ħΪ֣ҵʱ֣αһ߻ħļƭǡŷ˵
üļ⣬ͷӴԪ֮ԪһߣȻŷһ
ӣŭߣ˰塣
һ˫о䣬ɱ⣬쳤Хɱ춯أǹŷ绤סططһƬҽˡ
ˣʲôŷû˵һƳȥֱӽķɡ
Ǳ˼㣬ȵ֮ѾǱˣȻˣȴȻϴЦݡ
ŷˣһ֪ζʲô
ĸҲ¶ĵɫȻӱףƶ־Ĵ˵Ȼ㲻ʲô
߽ףСҪҵ𣿡ŷˬʵ
ҲɣǲҲ㶪ˡŷĻһߵ粺첻˵
ŷ纹գװû粺Ļ粺ۡ
߰ɡŷ翴һۡ
ʲôЩ㶵ʵ
ŷЦ˵ˡ
ϴҪͷ㻹ллϴ󡣡īһۣһôԽԽɵˡ
лϴ󡣡Ц˷ܡ
Ǹ߾ǽ˰ɣȰͷ˵ŷЦ˵
Ͻҡͷùŷһ㶣ΪԸ⡣
ϴ߲ҵˣе游Ǹһң游ΪףǸȻԵǻڳɱҡЦ˵
ī˵һǸҪɱ㣬Ǹ繫棬Ž㱣סġŷһ£Щ⡣
īҲɻ󣬺ȻҲ˵Ļ
ĿЦ̾Ϣһ˵ⶼϷģȻͬҺɯɯ֮Ļ£ȴǿг֣ǣǺɯɯģ߱ȣ֮Уֻһ߾ǿߣǾǲͬ⣬Ҳûа취Ϊ˱סҵһĻ߻ְҡ
˵һ˿ɫ
ߣΨһߣ֪統У߾ԲֹһֻزͷģҲֻǸʲôѡŷЦ
һۣ˵߰ɣȥɱˣ߾磿ΪԼ𣿵ָɱ
ŷĻ¶ϲɫ˷ܵĵ˵ͷվڹŷߣ
ҾͲȥˣ㣬Ѫȵĳ棬Ҳϲ粺˵

ŷһӣʧ뿪ķΧֱС
УһʥĴɽ·޾Ĥݣ֮ûȥɽߴһΰӰ֮ûϢԽԽʥҲԽԽǿɽɽ֮ϣ֡죬ɽΪڵĵط
ˡ
оһһ
Ӱ֣ϣߡ
㡣¶һĨȵɫ
ң˵û뵽ɡһӰ¶һĨЦ


1246
󵨣ֱ䡣һǿ߳ڴ񾳽磬ǳ⣬һֻѹȥҪɱ
ЦվﲻɶԷһ¡
ŷһתǸֱ飬ѪӲ֮£ɽȾˡǸǿ߲ҽһԺˣһֻѾʧ̺һɿµȻҪָ
ʲôǸǿ߾ŭΪ񾳽ʿȻ㲻϶⣬Ҳһˣʱȴסһ⣬֡
ʶģǿ߽Ŀߣе޵Уܡ
ɫأŹŷ磬Ѿ˹ŷΪ߽ףһ׵Ҫǿ̫ˣܹӹŷϣܵһɿµľ
ϲ¶ɫװûпԼµı飬ĿⶢŹŷ磬˵ǺˣΪҪɽΪУ
ŷ絭һЦмڻشߵʻ
ߵһĨŭɫܵһ裬ɫ˼㡣
ߣ㻹ûʸϴԻЦߣڿһ
ֻ֪۸Ϊļһǿǰһ档˼㡣Ц˵Ļһ㶼
Ǹǿɫͨ죬ȻһֻֻѪǳһֻõ֣ɱ˹ȥ
һٳ֣
ŷ翪ڣᵯָǸ񾳽ǿը飬
쵰ҶӵһͷԳͨںڣȻŮӵ࣬ߣһݺݵŷ˹ȥ
⾹ȻһŽ׵ħһ֣ʱħذͬһ㣬ɽµǸϽ±꼰
ŷһָֻȥ飬һѻҽͷԳˣּµƣѪʳÿһͬһӣڵ棬γһƬƬѪӡ
ŷ΢΢üһЩ飬ЩѪմȾϣֱ񾳽ǿߵѪ̺񾳽ɱ⣬һܹܵġ
һֱֻֻӸסЩѪЩѪӴ֮Ĩȥŷ΢΢ҡͷͷԳ֮Уһ㲻ɱ㲻Ҫһٳ֣ĻͲҪĺ
ɱҶӣʲô˵ģҪԳŭ˸űɫ
Գ쳤Х޾ħɽʥⶼڸȥˣһµħӰֱӷʮħӰǿ󣬾ܹв߾ǿߡ
ŷҡͷ̶ֳȵĹ˵ʵĿûһв
һλᣬȥ㲻ŷ翪ڣɫƽ˵һ΢顣
ܡ
ԳŭħӰɱ۳һѪɫħ·ն䣬ɱ춯ء
һħŷеЦãħȵķ͵û뵽ͷԳģȻȵĴС
ĴеϣҲɱ㡣ŷ˵˵ÿһ֣һַǸѪɫħ棬ȫѪɫħӡˡ
ͷԳȴ飬Լӱɱ񣬲ɱŷ磬ǾԲݵġ
ŷȴֱ֣ӽԳѹһֻѹ䣬Գȴͳѹϥڵϡ
ݡ˫޵ɫɱŷ磬Ĳݡ
ĸ𣿡ŷ̾ڷıԳ˵Ȼˣұ㽫Ķӻ㡣
˻ܸ㵱ɵ𣿡ԳŭĸˣԴȼգԼҪƹŷ
ŷ𶯣ֱӷӡһһֻһץâ֣һ飬ǹŷղɱǸ顣
ŷֻзƣָԷԪ
ʲô˶סˣɽϵߣֱԼġ
ʲôֱͨˣϹŴ񶼾
ŷɫ΢΢ЩףȻѪ纣ʱȻҲЩƣ״̬˼㡣
ȥɣĸ׵Ķĸ棬ٻһΣԺҪ£׼ױ֡ŷǸ˵
Եһ⣬Ǹһִ󳹴ĸоŷݣȻԼĸ߹ȥ
ߣûпһۣԭе񣬴ʱ÷ǳ΢
ɫһ䣬˲
ŷ罫ֳԳһˣһѽǸǿ߱ڻУ˼㡣


1247
ĸףˣǻؼҰɡǸǿ˵ԼĸϵѪղŹŷ罫ʱ򣬽һμԺУ֪Լĸ׸ղ顣
ããǻؼҡԳ˼ʱһħǿߵĸоһͨĸһĵ˼㡣ԼĶӣʧããʡ
Ǹˣĸΰ󡣡̾
ŷͷЦ˵ĸΰУĸΪ˶ӣԸ⸶һУϧںֻܶʧȥ֮󣬲֪Ҫȥϧɱ̾
̸ۣ쳣п
ɽϵȴǳ鴤ûйŷôĸп÷ŭȫˡ
ߡ
һҪʾԼĴڡ
ʲôߣİûĴڣ鷳ġŷЩͷ˵
аŭĿ䣬ɭȻ˵ҿĳΪ߽ףȻԶԶԽңǸղһȥ˸˶پҲ㻹ܹӳԭʵ
Ȼֻаٷ֮һʵΣɱ㡣ŷɫƽ

ߴЦ˵ѣǲҪǿƵıȽϺãΪߣ粻Ķս֮һɱңս˲ͬ⣬ǿҲͬ⣬ʱԵУȻ߽ףùǻŹ𣿡
ŷɫŹ֣ߵֱڿһɵơ
ҲǿЦã˵ŷĸս˵ǻΪһŷ綯ֱ֣޾Ц
һɵ֪𣿡Ц˵ɫ
ߴŭŷǿƣܹܣУֻһСѣȻҲǿƣ޷ˡһŭ̶ɱ⣬Ҫɱ
ʱȴоԼǱһ޶һ̲סһ£ոɱͬˮһȥ
ȻĶŹŷ磬߸ұ֤ղžǹŷѹɱ⣬ϢĽɱѹסˣʵ߽ô򵥡
ɫѿ֪Լ鷳ˡ
ǵҪôʱԼʲôλãʵ
ɱģĸһ֣ҲɱˣҪֻҪ㶼쵽ұһŷ絭˵Ǵɱ˵ġ
һû˵ߣȴܹܵŷеһĨӣǸûнеı֡
վϣŷ絭˵һµǸұ֤Ժ˺˵ı֤
ⲻܡŷĻ˵һ¹Ǹֱɱ
𣿡ŷʵĻ߸ܵһӴѹԼ˹ֿµѹܹһ˲佫ǧΡ
¶ȻɫܵٽǴûйģʹеļߣҲûָо
ҵǸߴһӣһԼͻᱻ顣ղǸǿԼĸ׸жԷԲűˣĸѾ˲֪ˣҪǱɱûиĻᡣ
ǹѹʱֹͣˣûг롣
߲һԴð亹˵嶼΢ûǽһоȻĿ¡
ŷվڸ֮ϣɫƽȴɢһֿµϡ߻һԹŷ磬һһĸо
һڿˮҲû֮ǰĲһȫޣһ˫Ӷڹŷϣ˾η
ܲһ⣿С˵Ȼ˾
ŷͷһʱ䡣
˭֮УȻߺ͸ߣǾûǿĴڣѵǿߣ̲סʵ
̲סЦ˳Щ̵˵ǰһЩҲûʲôΪʲôöǱ˵ġ
ѵҽǿߣߺȻ˵
תҲû뵽֮УʲôʱһµĴˡ
̫СˣǺСǰǰ߳һǿߣںܶ඼ɳˣָɱˣŷ絭˵
߻һ˼ĶŹŷ磬η˵ǰǰ뿪һǿߣ
ΪԼ¶ˣŷȴҡͷ˵ǹŷ硣
ҵѽ߹ֽһ˫һֱӹˡû뵽ԼǰվģȻ


1248 
ŷ磬˵еǸ̬ļһһʵƿ£˽֮أһ뵽֣Ͳɵþη
ȴվԼǰ뵽ԼղװƵΪ߻һ£ֱҪһطȥǰˣȻսٲһҲָܹ֮ɱԼ
Ǹŷ綢ߡ
ԲҴˣԭҰɡ˵ͷ˵ģǹŷֵһ߱ϥˡ
һɱҡ˵ҧгݣĺ޵˼㡣
Ͳһ㣬ԼҪԷɱһ붼¡
Բк֪Լĸĸϣ˵µһ顣
Ҳ֪ǹŷֵܡ߿Ц
֪͹ŷ֮ĹϵҶ֡˵ŷع飬ʹع飬йڣ֮У˭Ҷ͹ŷйϵˡĲᣬҲ͹ŷǺѣϹŴԳ֣˭ҲסǵĻɱ
֪Ϳɱ޹𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
û˵Ҳ֪˵ЩʲôԹŷڵʣѡ˳Ĭ
ˣúƽôࡣŷ緭һۣ˵
һֻҪŷ粻ƽϣͲˡ
˵ڶˣӺ˵ĻԼȡŷ絭˵
ԭߣȡԼ
С
̿ڣʲôЦ֪͹ŷĹϵ֮󣬴ҲٱƻˡһŷһˬֱԼͲˡ
óһЩö͸񣬵ǸŷһĨЦ⡣
סˣףǳթŷɫԼóĲǺöĻᷢ
뵽һҧ˵Եһ¡
Ӱʧŷ絹ǲĶԷߣѾߵӵȥ㲻ŷ׷
һ֣߳һѶȻЩ˲Ŵ󣬾Ȼɽͷ
Ũȫɢùŷ۾һЩǺöĵر˾̾
ЩǶһ˷ãܹ˳Ϊ񾳽ǿߡһЩϣɢŨЩƣȻδȴһַǳɹ۵ܡ
ЩϣƷϣܶ඼ϹŴ
ЩǺöһϹŴУǺöˡߵڳ鴤һղأȫ˳˵ĶڵѪ
ˣЩǲлˣˡŷһӣɽıʧٴγ֣ѾصļС
ǻˡī˻ڣ˻֮󣬶ʱ¶ϲɫ
ŷͷЦ˵ˣȻһЩԾͻˣǸҲףҾûɱ
ŷûɱߣ˶Щȡǿŷɱڵ뿪ȴû뵽Ȼûж֣Щ֡
ʵϴȻûɱߣȴɱʹࡣЦ˵
ôˣҶ΢΢һ㶡
û˵ֻǿ˹ŷһۣŷ絭һЦ߳ţȻһֻֻ֣Ժ棬ĵر
ڳ˶ʿ￴ЩȫǼƷıһȥܹͷģȴһѡ
죬ǰΣôôҵѾۣŵõһãǱãС˺ֹʮīɴ۾̲ס
Ǹǻƽڣ찡˻ƽûпɣ˵ⶫһţܹ˳ΪɡĸҲ
ǳȻֶϹŴõϵĶҿ÷ӵпԽԣ󰡡
ǲͣľоԼ·һ
Ҫ֪ЩƽʱѵõĳһǴʱȴôࡣȻϹŴˣ¶Ҫۺɡĺöʵ̫ˣۻңһĿϾӵĸо
̫ˣȫ䱦ˡīЦ
ɲǸĶǸģҪǸ繫飬ûôСŷЦŵ˵
ʲôҲһΪЩôŷҲ϶һЩģû뵽ȻԼ
뵽Ͻ˵ϴɲУҲҪЩǸͲŪġ
УŷԼԼѾ㹻ˣԼЩȻе˵ȥˡ
ϴҪҵģٸᣬҳ㡣ŷԵ˵


1249 ͷ
ЦиȴǸжŷϴȷʵû˵
л
лֻ֣ʲôû˵һжڲС
ᡣīƲ졣
ҲúᣬСӣúõЩһָ˾ˣʣµĶϾʵҪģһߣθ۸㣬ˣλֹһ𣬾ԭ򣬻ʵ⡣ŷļ
ͷɫ쳣ᶨ
ŷ翴粺һۣЦ˵ǻؼҡ
粺˵ͷŷӵסɫĹâ΢΢һʧ
ī뿪ķ΢΢̾һ
ĿīϹ۲һʱ䣬ͻȻڣ˵㣬Ϊʲô
΢΢һ㶣ī¶һĨЦݣ˵ʲôֲʲôˡ
˵ī΢΢ЩԳ
ϲȥȡҲˣյĹŷ磬ǰĹŷ绹һˣȻ߸ϣǶԴǺǰһȻϲΪʲôץסأüͷ˵
ĸЩĿīһۣû뵽īȻϲŷ硣
ҺһˣûбҪһ𡣡īЦҪ˵ī˵ʱϲһҪӵУֻԸһһֱĵϣȻǸ߸ϵǿߣеУЩеػעûнġ
īһۣ˵Щʲôȴû˵
ˣ˵Щˣ׼ȥƸɡīһЦת뿪
̾һī˼β֪ȴ֪ȰԷŷʵ̫ˣվ̳Ӳã˼䡣
粺˻ʱŮִһƬŷһֻҪ֮䲻ìܣˡ
ŷС˼ûŮˣȫ˹ŷһۣȻ󽫹ŷ˳ȥ
ѡ
ڹ·ϣһŷ纰סûлͷŷѾ֪˭סԼˡ
·þòҪͻˡŷ絭˵
ǰһ㶼ͻƣøǿˣ֮أ̫˾̾ˡ·߹ʱһ㶼ûдħƣһͨӣ˾벻ȻеĶǿ֮һ
꣬ͻˣȥһطǸطõйŷ翴·һۣѰ
·ȴҡͷ˵㣬ǴҪǸطͻƵģǼ֮ȴû뷨
ΪʲôŷЩȡ
ҪϵΪ·˸ž⡣
ŷ·˼ԼڲǿҪһ·ȡøǿ
̫ˡŷҡͷϵΪɲеô׵ģһһпһ޷ָΪο·ΪϹŴ
·ҡͷ˵֪ҵ״̬ҵǱϹŴ񾳽磬պҲֹֻͣ磬Ҫʵǵߵľ磬ǲܵģʱڱ仯ϹŴ㲻ǿߣҲϹŴľ硣
˵Ĳ磬һЩδ򿪵磬ϹŴ繷ǱߣϹŴڻҵʸûСŷЦ뵽ԼЩļţȻ֪һ㡣
·һЦŹŷ˵㲻ڵĻҲΪΣգУ϶κΣյģҪһе·ҵΪɡ
ùŷ֣Ϊŷҽɣ֪ôΪ
Ҳ·ԭ֮һǹŷ粻֣϶С
ˣŷʵ
·ͷļᶨҪ߳һǿ·֮ͬУøǿ
á
ŷͷᵯָһû·ڣֱӽȫӡ
ҽȫסھͬһһ㣬ÿһ磬ֻߵеļޣܹͻƷӡȵٴδﵽ߾ʱ϶Ϊһ㽫̳ΪϹŴ񣬵ǵʱϹŴҲ޵еŷ˵
û˶ԷΪԴպв
л
·л
ŷһ֣·ʧŷĿת˶ҪǿȻҲи
߽ףսǿߣⲢֵý֮ǿ֮࣬˭Ҳ˵ԼԵ޵С
ŷȻԼܹ֮ͬкɨһеУҲұ֤֮䣬ûһĴڣܹѹԼ
޵е·Լܹߵյ㡣ŷɫ֣ء
Լ޵е𣿡һùŷһһתȵ˭


1250 ҹ
˭ŷһתԱ˹ȥ
һܳ꣬һͷɫͷһаϢ˲ͻľ۾һǰɫһǺɫ֮ͬĲ
ԺҹҸϲ˺ҹˡ국˵һ˫ӶڹŷϣҪһۡ
ҹֹŷδ˵ǴӶԷеĵԷȻѡ
Ҫʲôŷʵ
ɱ㡣ҹһЦ˵š
ȻҪɱŷ磬ùŷһ㶣̲סһЦ
֪Լղ˵˶ôЦЦ𣿡ŷʵ
һ㶼úЦ˵ҪͻˡҹһЦӳ˳ֱŷ硣
¶Ϣɢŷסŷֻоǰһ䣬Լһİ硣
ҪǸ磬˵ȵǳ׳ӡ֮ǸҵķءҹаЦţһ˫Ӷڹŷϣһ˿ζ
㵽һˣŷɫ䣬ҹʵ
ȥظɡ
ҹһЦĻȴùŷЩ⣬ԷȻ֪Ĵڡ
ظɲʲô˶֪ģǼǻĴ˵вŴڵܴ硣
ŷףҹ磬źǣҲǱȽ˽Ĵڡ
ҪɱңͶְɣֻǿûʵŷЦֵֶΪڸ߾磬ûнϹŴΪֶɱ֮
ҹһЦͻȻˣһ磬ɲǼŷǰ
䣡
ҹһȭزǬתµ˼㣬пռ䶼·һ˲䶼Ҫ߸ˡ
ŷ̲סԾԷʵֱ̫ˣԲһֱһ⧲ĸо
ŷͬһȭָɱ⣬Էȭͷײһ
顣
һһСȫ飬硣ŷ絹˺ü¶ԾɫԷӲȻ˿·磬ˣǴûйġ
ħˡŷ˵ҹĹУܵһϢħеϢ
ŷףΪʲôԷôصĵ⣬Ǳǵˡ
ΪħһһǿߣԲҵĶ֡ҹȻ˵ŷУ⡣
ŷ¶һĨЦ޾£ѾǱϥĹȥǰҷô򡣡
˵˵ҹһ䣬µĺ۾˳ŷ綴˹ȥ
ŷ⣬ϢգֱӱԷ⡣
һɱȥ
ˣ
һѪ֣Ӿ֮ѹ䣬ҹ档
ҹӡһֻĴ񣬳ֱӽѪ飬ڹ˸֮䣬ͬһӣſµķâֱӽѪ顣
նأڤ
ҹΣ쳤ХһµĹ⣬ʮأŷм䣬Ȼɱ£Ҫŷն顣
ŷЦѪɨֱɱײǿײǸԵˡ
㻹ɱҡŷЦٴγɱȥ
ͬ޵УɨŽδˣʲôҹЦͻȻһͷ¡
ŷ羪ȣղΪҹһͷ࣬ȴû뵽Ȼһͷ
βɨ죬ŷ类ɳȥȳһѪ
ͬսУŷٻḺˣ֮󣬸ˣǴʱŷȴȱԷˡ
˵㲻ҵĶ֣ұȻҪɱ㡣ҹЦֱһͷȻȥ
չˮǧ
ұȱ仯ŷЦͬǴֱӻһͷԳأһֻɱȥ
յķ࣬ŷʮ仯ӣҹ
߼սһ𣬹ŷϽѪҹҲܣϱץѪ⣬һ㱻˺ˡ
ǲпĴսǹŷΪ֮󣬺ͬսҵһΣǲಮ٣ȫˣѪû硣
һսٴλָΣŷҹ϶ȾѪǽŲԣɫ԰ס
ǿԳΪҵĶ֡ҹ˵ȻԸߵľ磬͹ŷսһƽ֣ҲȻŹŷ硣
ûн㵱֣ΪҪˡŷ˵
ҹüһɾ޴ΣС
ڴʱŷȳһֶϻ꣬µҹϣֱը顣Ԫ񷢹⣬Ҫ
𡣡
ŷٴκȳһֶϻ꣬ҹԪʼ顣
һŷ磬Ȼǿɱһҽӡ״򿪣һ٣ԺһսġҹԪʧĻ
Լս˰ĴڣȻֻһ˵ķŷ΢΢һһ̣ѹ˵һɱһɱڴĵ


1251 
ħ磬ŷĬƺ˫ֽӡҪ̽ħڡ
䡣
һɺ嫵־٣ŷһһѪ˳ɭȻԼһмЦ
ߡ
ŷĬ֣ħл־ػ޷ҵҪӽʱ򣬱㱻־ˣܵ˴ˡ
ԽӵĿ壬ǿ̫ˣǰϹŴ߸ϣ֣߳ϹŴҲϣֻһ㲻ǿߡ
һŷһ̤뿪Ƭ磬ص磬ȻС
Ϲôˣྪ
Ҳ˹ŷӣѪɫѪԵ̺žɱ˲ҽӽ
ŷˣԼδ״̬ص˼Уһƽһָԭ
û£ֻǸղźһǿ߷սŷɵ˵
ŮŷȻ˵ɣȴ֪Բǹŷ˵ô򵥵ģܹùŷ綼ⴴǿߣжôǿѾ֪ŷսԽһȴս˻ԡѪɴ˿ɼսжôļҡ
ǣħϢͻȻɫ
֪ŷЩȵʵ
ɫأ𾪵˵ħǷǳǿһ磬޾ǿߣڴսµʱһħ˼磬𿴲ȥҪѹԷǸ˷ǳǿսҹհϧܣȴȥ
һħսҹǿߣһдȥŷ̲ס𾪣Ȼδʶħжôǿ󣬵ذħԣħǿһ㡣
ذħļˣǺһǿߣħ𻹱ǿһ㣬Ƕֲŷ粻
ħܹ߳ħ𼸺սƽʵʵ̫ˡ
Ǹ˽ʲô֡ŷʵ
˵֮һܵܳʱҪһսɫء
ܵǷҹŷһ¶ȵɫ
ҲͬȣЩ˼ʵô֪
ղҴսģҹķһɱˡŷЦ˵
Ů˶ȣ¶صɫ
һùŷսĻԡѪǸҹжǿǼֱ󣬵ǹǶף˾ǹŷľУȻҪ͹ŷ緢һս
ģֻҪͬұնŷŵ˵
Ը߾ѹ㣬ҿʱ䣬ýϹŴ񾳽硣û˵
ɣʱ䣬ȥЩ˵еĹŽ磬ҲӦóˣҲ赣ģʦǣʱֻܹɾͻߣѹһеСŷŵ˵
ʱ䣬ΪߣҲڤ棬ȴпܳɹ

ͷ˹ŷһۣ˵๫һѣָ۷սɡ
á
ŷͷʵҲˣ㲻Ͼޣ߾磬Ȼһֵĺǿ󣬵Ҳֻһ˵ģһ֮½޵е۷ս˵Բʵ
еһŷҲˣ൱ܵİָվкܶණûвȫȻΪߣȴǺǿ󣬽һĸǿһЩ
󽫵޵еƣȫǲһġ
Ƚȱ״̬ȵʧֱӳΪϹŴ񡣡ŷ˵
һȥɽ磬ΪϹŴɡԥһ£˵
ΪʲôŷЩȡ
ЦһָоҵľҪˣǿԣǿûʱ䵢ˡ
ŷĬʵҲָоƬرˣ˾ηǿ̫ˣҲʱ䲻á
ܹǧʱ䣬ŷаճΪ֮Ķڣڣʵ̴̫ˡ
Ҳȥɽ磬˵öˡٻͻȻҲڣŷ˵
ϹұǿģڶˣҪˣʱٴ㡣ȸЦ˵һʮӡ
һ̣СƨƨϮŷһƣʱ̲סŷ緭һۡ
ԼŮ˶ˣҪԼȥƴһ˵ػ񡣡ŷЦ
Щ𣬾ԼûиٻǰȫУеԲǡ
Ϲ㲻Ҫ˵ʱ̫ˣţһ죬һ޵棬ֻǻûȫɳలοŷ磬뿴ŷκ١


1252 Ѫϴ
లοĻŷЦҴûٹֻǸоһѹⲻʲôѹж
˺ЦʵϹŷѹ᲻ƴ˵ŷԸ񣬿ĸݣûвϲûκӣʲôȨƣԡ
ˣȻҶȥɽ磬ұ㽫ȫ͹ȥҲҪԯݺǷ˳ٳһϹŴ񾳽硣ŷһӣȫʧ뿪
ɽлɽһȺˡŷߵһȺŮ֮󣬾յɫЩӲ
֪ԼͽܵŮԵ϶ȴû뵽ŮԵȻõһز
ǰȫǾŮϵ¶ѵõľɫ̶ֳȵŮõһȻǶǿ߶Ҫϧ䱦ǹŷȴŪһȺ
ٺ٣ʦкöġŷٺЦɫڡ
һȺŮһɵӣȻյĴ֪һʲôӵĴڡ
ڽٻĴ£ЩŮȫȻ۰Ͱ͵Ķա
նݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣԼЩǰȴ棬΢΢鴤ͳһѶÿ˷˺ü
ţħҲҪһ¹ŷŮ˵ģһĻ֮ȫɫֱתܡ
ţ󲮣ȥȥ㡣ŷǵ󺰵
ŹŷĻţħܵøˣһ̱㲻Ӱ
£ûйϵʱˣȥһһݷáŷЦ˵
ллϹ
Ů˵
ֻ·𿴵˼ֵܶһ۵ӣȴòóöһ룬յƽ˲٣Ŀ
ˣҰżɽͷסɣҪǲĻԼٿռ䣬Ҫ⻨ɽ˵Ȼָһ㣬ָŷΪŨĵط
лʦŷлҲʮϡ
ߡ
ɫЩڸղţܵĺܶöȥ˲٣۲ѣʵ㲻ϴ󷽣μǵ˶֪տһۿڴѪǺй
ŷǱסˣһϵ⣬ȥѯգҲָŷǣýٻǵʵķɿ졣
ڹ࣬ڵԼ״̬ŷҪΪָǰ֮Ȼ۷ս
֮󣬹֣Ϣǿ󣬾Ͷ֮ϡ
úܶ˶оЩӦǴﵽսĻ¸ܵ޴ѹ
ŷȴδȻһ𶥼վǰҲδܹܵѹѪѪ֮ΪµѪ
׼𣿡ŷʵ
ͷɫ֣ء
ŷͷͻȻ֣廯һ˿ڣѪ䣬˾ȡ˵Ҫϴָǰ״̬ΪʲôȻɱ
һ̣ŷ绮Լ󣬻ƽѪʳȥֱӵڹ˿УȻûڡ
һεѪͣĵ䣬ɫ΢䣬ܵŷ״̬÷ǳ⣬һѪԼڡ
Ϲˡ˵
ŷҡͷ˵ҵģרתû¡
żŷǼᶨȴתڹŷҪǺѾܾġ
һεѪڹըУʵϢıԴ¡¡߱ȾһƬɫ
ŷҡҡ׹ɫ԰ףǲ̫⣬ֻʣһѪʱ򣬹ŷ΢΢һϵ˿ںת˺ʧ
˹ŷһ
ͷŹŷʼ˹
ﱻȾһƬɫȻһɫŹ֣֮󣬲̲ס˵ͽܣдǡ
Ѫ۶һʿ˵ž޴õģǹŷȴԥĽѪ;ѪеľŲ˹࣬ԽΪһӵпǱǿߡǹŷȴ޿ɱĽС
ȻһֿܣƶһѪΪĻѪǿùŷٴɱ䣬սǿ
ҪһִǣΪ˭Ҳ֪ѪܲȻŷ磬пҲûʮա
ʵϣŷıոԶҪѪҪ̣ͨоѪԴĻҲܹϤѪԴܣܹ֪Ѫǿԭ򣬴Ӷʵĸߡ
䡣
ŷ͹ڵĵطըһͷƽɫۼײȫµϢƵ鶼ҪĤݡ
ʲôǻƽտЦá


1253 ս
Ȼ֪ʲô֣ǿԿ϶ʱĹ࣬ǿһϢ춯أȻڸ߾磬ȴϹŴ񾳽ǿ߶ľ
ͻưɡ
ŷӴըĵط߳ɿݣ˲ʮһһ̬ӵĸо
ŷĲȻܼᶨŹ࣬ǹ
ͷѾﵽ۷״̬ҹŷڵĻѪкܶδͻƵʱ
໯ΣһɫսףУȫգԻ޾ƾնĤݡ
ׯϣԴĵ򣬽ԼУʼͻơ
µϢӹɢԽԽǿˣ·˻ƽ͵һͨǻƽɫһƽս
ʮԪǳ޹⣬ΧеûУ˵Ϣǿ
һЩ֣ѾܲסǷԶ
ŮȣȻûнϹŴ񾳽磬ǴӹϣȴܵһѹλߵıܵĿ־塣
ⲻǻƽŮ˵ɫ
ÿһ֮棬ǿ붼۷ǿߣЩʡ
ڹ࣬Ȼ֮ʱգΪǿǿߡ
ѪȻЧ̫ˡվ̾
˹ŷһۣ֪ŷ糹׳ɳ֮󣬻жôǿ󣬿ʵǶģܻΪǿĻҲ˵
ꡣ
һͻȻͣ࿴Ҳһֱۣܣ̶ֳȵ׵磬ȻϹŴ񣬶ҵ֮һСľͻᱻɱǴڹϣȴһûκθо
壬ǧվͨͷŻƽ⣬˱̫ĶҪҫۡ
֮䣬·ֻһĴڣﶼ·ʧˣΪġ
Ϊս𡣡࿪ڣĻ޾׵䣬ֱӽû
ٻɫǳΪϹŴĽҲʵ̫˰ɣֲֿĹ˭ܹȥ
ǽĿŷ磬ŷɫƽһ㶼ģŮ΢΢һʱףԲΣգĻŷµһסˡ
ȵе׹ʧ˳ƽսףϢ춯أµ˼㡣
ҳɹˡ
¶һĨЦݣ˵Ϊ۷ս𣬶ֱӽ۷ս죬ʵƿ¡
Ϲû°ɡŷߣĵʵ
ЩΪԼԭ򣬹ŷͲŪӡ֮ǰôǿȴӣġ
ٻҲΧ˹Źŷ硣
İɣСû£Ȼսһ㣬ɵһϹŴ񾳽ļһԲ¡տ˹ŷһۣ˵
ǹŷı̬ĵطǱʧȥ˾Ų㾫Ѫ¾ǲҲҪˣһʱڣһսС
ȴ֣ŷУȻ̺ſµս۷ʱ޷ȣҲԲһʿܹȵġ
ʦ˵Ĳǹ⽫ѪŲ㣬ҪƶκΣգֻһ㣬ǲõҡŷЦ˵ɫЩ԰ף۾ȴȻԵö־
ŷͣŮһͺá
е˲٣ŷԽӵˡ
ҿҪ뿪һʱ䡣ŷɨ˽ٻһۡ
Ϊʲôȸʵ΢΢üŷ羹ȻҪߣ״̬ȸͷĲ
ٻҲһǵ˵㶼ˣҪȥҿʦ˰ɣȵٳȥ
С
С
ŷͬʱ˵
ٻ¶ȵɫ֪Ϊʲôԡ
ͽҪ̽ȻѪܵ󣬲ŻøǿڻɽǽһɽϴɾˣδܹеĻѪָ㡣ս͵
ֻһطŮ۾һ
ŷͷЦ˵ʥǣҪȥһǸط
ħߣħŷɱǸ棬ŷ޼ɵĽ
ڵŮģ֪Σա
ŷ絭һЦ˵ң֮ǰʮ꣬ҲһܣʱңǸʱ˶١
ŷô˵Ůֻܵͷ
ǺúʦȥʥǡŷɨŮһۣȻĿͶա
̲סƲƲ죬ʦǳȵˣ˭ͽܣ߰ɡ
һֻһӣһڹŷϣͬʱʧ
ҲҪǧϹĺˡٻ˵
Ů˶ͷǾԼʵΪֻǲŷĸۡ


1254 ħ
մŹŷ磬ʥء۱ڱչأӦһеʱϽӱչصĵط˳ŷĵһۣʱ¶Ծɫôˣ̲סʵ
ŷڵ״̬ĳ棬ѪɿݣǼһǲʮ꣬ɿݣĿ
ɵͽܣԼĻѪȫһλգһλԼȴƶûѪգǿ󡣡տЦ
ҲǿЦãŷѪѪǹؼǿԴԼĻѪ͸ˣֱ޴Ϊ
ƲںʵһǿսŷЦ˵ɱ𶯣һձ飬һƬ硣
һ֮󣬹ŷ΢΢ЩϢ
ȥҲĶ˵ΪŷΪΪṩĵر
˵ⲢʲôŴĵر㹻ŷʹá
ǣҲҪǸҪħߡŷ˵
˻һ̲סԾŷҪȥħߣ״̬ڰۿֱһ
ʥֱǺ֣ŷڵ״̬ȥħߣǧˡտ˹ȥڹŷϣ˼ᶨͲɶҡûдŷܹԼĻҲֻܹȰסŷˡ
ѣǹŷԼľҲûа취ҵͽܣԲˣȻҪȥħߣͿ϶аյġЦ˵ڹŷ磬Ƿǳġ
յĻðۿЦãû˵ħߣһܹȥĵطʵ̫Σˣǹŷ״̬õʱҿ϶˵ȥ״̬ǽȥĻɡ
޷
ŷᶨ˵
ŷһᶨӣҲһֵ֧ı飬ۿЦֻЭ˰֣ðɣһҪ󡣡
ǰ˵ŷЦ˵
ʲôΣգһʱеĵرʹĲʹãߴʥӦҲвأƶûбҪðաĶŷŮŷκ⡣
İɣһģ绹ô绨죬ҿɲǹ¶ŷ֪ͬˣʱ¶һĨ˵Цݡ
˹ŷһۣۿЦҡҡͷټȻħߡ
ЩԱŷӵʱҲǳһǶڲ²⣬ŷ絽Ϊʲôԭ򣬲űӵġ
ŷҪ״̬ħߣǵɫȫˣŷֱڿһһ
ۣѵ㲻һڵ״̬ħߣǱ֮֡һվ˳ŷг˿ȣǿһԼݵżһ
ѾǺˣħҪĶлĺ⣬ȰˡŷЦ˵
Ǹ̾Ϣһֻվ˻ȥ
ܶ˱ҲȰŷ磬ǿŷ˼ᶨӣǶ̾ϢһȻ뿪
ɡŷ翴˰һۡ
ĵͷ뼸ħߵĴŴ򿪡
ŷ翴һ磬ԥ˽ȥ
ħߵĹرգ΢΢̾Ϣһһۣ˵Ƕȥɡ
ЩԱһȻ뿪ֻǴ󲿷ж̾ϢǾùŷˡ
ô״̬£ֵطֱ
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һ֪Ŀռ䣬һ꺰
òӢ̵ͬһԵ˧˱Щɢȴ˲ӣĿһɿµĲ
ڱ׵꣬Ȼǹŷ⹫
εӣȻڶԷЩ̫
֪㲻ˬңŷһҿɲٵߣ츳ҲܹΪŽǿĴˡ국˵ԵЩģ˵Ļȴһ쳣ŷ
֪ˡƤӶ̧˵΢΢һ£ȻŹŷ⹫ǲˬ˵Ȼˣ޳ɻ֮󣬻ҪúõĽѵһ١
ڴһ졣ŷ⹫˵
ߡ
αзһмȻת뿪
Ȥļ壬Ȥˣս㵽һʲôӵˣҶʲô̬ϼһתɡŷ⹫ķһ꣬ǧţȴҲս
ĨһУ̫ˣϼһﶼ޷̽Ȥŷ⹫˼


ھž 


1255 仯
꣬緢µı仯ŽԻǿƵϽҲһ֦㣬ʵкܶŽ磬ǿ綼ڲ
Ͻ֮أ֣ϹŴǺϽ磬֮䡣
ԭϽ½ܵ˿µĳȻеôۣ½ռϽٷ֮һȴǿߣܶһЩվ˳ѹ֮صǿߡ
һЩʧ˺ܾõǿߣҲ䣬¡
еİ壬ҲҪع飬֮С
磬һƬңǿк£֪һⲻˣ罫ҪһƬС
ʱȺҫܲңǿߣһɳ죬߻ϹŴ񾳽У޵СҲϱǿߣ״̬߳ʵ˵˼㡣
ذħܵսԷսգŽǸ˻ˡ
дԣǶħһǿߣսذħûнһУΪ۷壬սȻˣʵذħΪӽˡ
ħǿֱ߳棬Ҫ硣Ҫֵʱһŵǿ߽٣һֶϻȳЩǿը飬
ȻΪУʵǿ˾㤡
òһ绳еˣίʵҲ֣磬ȴħһȻȴңҺԼûǸ
κθڹˣǾ˵ĵˣؽҡһȺǿ֣߳ԳƾˣչǿʵһȺȺǿߣվһƬǿգȫǸǿ
һЩɫǺܶ˶ˣ֪һʲôӵĴڡֻǾˣںܳһδˣܶΪѾʧʱĳУȴû뵽ǾȻˣҸǿߡ
ʮ߾ǿߣУǱȻиǿˣӦòֹһô򵥡
Щ˳֣ƿ磬ûκ
ˣҲǳ׵ķǵػ񡣽ʱ䣬ŷѾˣ˴˵
Щ̫ˣȻ˵Ҹ׵ǼٵġŭףʵǿǿпνǺպ
Աˣα⡣ǰˣȻīһЦûһ˼
ҵĸףΪô࣬赭дһ䣬ĨɱȫĹͣĲ˵
ī̾һû˵ʵҲǷǳھ˵ˣȫƿ磬ֻ֪ˡ
Ҿ£ǳԵЩʿһֿ಻Եĸо
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£ҳһŵüͷ˳ȥ
һȺŵ꣬龳磬ȴǸһ
˷ɣ㲻Ҫû£㡣мǸ꣬˵
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һ˵ŷ¼֮ȴͲţĴ˵ŷĻŲˬˣѵһ١
˾ͳ׸ˣʵǿÿһζܽѵԷǹ˷Ҳһµˣһΰ֮һμƣÿζҵµǿߡ
һκȻҵµǿߣԲŻơ
ҪǸһսұ֤ᵽЦɫҲûº֣ÿһζǱԷһ٣סˣҲǶԷԽԽŵԭ
ǲԼĶֵģֻҪһ仰ǿˣҶ֡˷ɵ˵
²˵Լ͹˷˵ֱ˷Լʱ䡣ĿͶһ˵ϣǸһߣʵǿ£µĿʱ¶мɫ
ҽڣһʮǿߣھšڿڣԼ
ǾݵһųʥޣΪһǿȺǿ߲
Цη壬ǵ˵㲻Уһ֡
ƨһ֣ҲܹȵģǸϵ֣Ҳܹǵһ֣㣬һָͷܹ㡣
´ŭ
ֱӱһֵֻսתָͷϻƣֱѹǸڵϡ


1256 ŷ
һûпԣֱӷ飬һĻסˣǸ˷ɣҲ̲סԺ
˷Ǳŵˣ֮ǰ£ȻҲǴûɱˡȴȫһ³ֱ֣Ҫһһ˵ֳʵ̫ˣ̲ס˼¡
Ҹ׵ˣ˵Ŀɨˣǲ˵
ϲġ
Ц뿪¹˷ǣվʲô˵һǱŵùǺʶԼһֱǵˣԲһС򣬶һµǿߡǲɱˣֻûŭء
ֱ뿪֮󣬹˷ǲŷӦ˶һۣԷеңһֽٺĸо
ϴǽô죿һʵĿ˷ɡ
ߣһĸˣô죬ȻҪ˵ġ˷Цĺ⡣
Ǳһÿ£һָоղǸٶ˵һ仰Ļ϶ɱǣһ㶼ԥ˷ɵһ׷ɫء
˷һȴװһмӣЦ˸ӣҲңˣ󣬲ļƽϣһĸȥʰɡ
²֪ԼҪд鷳ˣҲ֪ǲмȥᡣ˶սڵʵԲô򵥡
ɽУޣѾˡ
ǿߣйŷŮˣʥأȴŹŷĳأһȺŮȫɫдһ˿ڴ
ʹʢŮ壬ʵҲò̾ŷʵǺ޸ЩŮˣȫ˹ɫͬɣȫ˼㡣
֪ЩŮӣǹŷӣڳǿߣ¶̲סģҪչ׷
վһߵ֮˶ϨԼе˼ǸҴЩŮ˵⣬òŹŷ֣վǡ
ǿжţҲŷʹ˲ˣǱлᣬ׷ЩŮˡ
ʱţԼѾۺǶһۣǿʼӡǸط˹ȥ
ħ߱µħƵһħգֲ˼㡣
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ʱ䵯ָ䣬վһ㡣ŷ˳ֱ뿪ħߡ
һɿµϢɢúܶǿ߾Ȼɪɪڵϡ
ֻΪﵽϹŴ񾳽磬ڸ߽׵壬ܹȻվֻҲŷϢѹƵ
ߡɫЩɲ
ŷϵϢ̫ǿˣȻЩڣҲԶˣһ߶ѣȻܹǿսֱе㲻˼顣
ֻ벽ΪϹŴһеûͨûһŷ絭˵
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Ϲ
һŷ˲䱻ŮûȻѹ档
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ǣǹϣҪ̫ţʲô飬ǻؼ˵ŷͷð̲ס˵
ҺЦЦһһӣŷһŮ˶ʧֹסЦ
ŷǳֵʱеŮˣһŷ⣬˿ŶһҪĳ嶯
ܵһϢ֮󣬿϶Ͳˡյ˹ŷһۡ
ĹʧˣЩŽ綼ˡŷ翪˵Ѿ֮ܵı仯
ˡ˵
ʲôŷʵĬȻͻȻ۾
¶һĨŭɫŷȺȻ۸ҵĺӡ
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ʦˡŷһ
Ҳܵ˽ĵɫÿ
һȾѪӰǱˣ˽䡣
ʦ壬ôˣŷϽǰһѽ˽䱧ܵ˽ڵʱһ
գһЩǿ߹֣Ҵȫˡ˽һѪŭ˵
ǸһŷЩ⡣
˽ͷվȻ˵˾ˣΪһһɱҡ


1257 ڤӻ
ȥյ˵ƽǹŷȴԴյУһŭ
Ҫ˲򵥣иǿǷսʱûг֣ǳ֣Ͳһˡ˽ҡͷ˵Լ뷨
𣿡üͷһ塣
˽ĵͷּǿߣʵ޵УΪǸˣԵֿȻսҲΡ
һηӡߣ˶ƣ˶ɽ綼˲ء
ܹоּǿ߲׳ʱõģֻҪȥǡ˽Ц
ŷ΢΢ˣ˵ҵĺڱ׷ɱǣǲˡ
۸յͽʲôƨˣﲻưոݡ˵
սȻȻֻȴһִǣԻҲ޾塣
ʦǲҪˣһ˱ɡŷͻȻ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Źŷ磬˵㲻õҡ
ģϣʦܹҿüˡŷЦ
΢΢üβ˵ô
ɱһҪþ֪ҹŷ粻ǡŷһ⡣
Ҷ˴ȻߣǵĶ֡˽Ц
ʦ壬սŷЦˣЦķǳá
˽΢΢һ㶣Ȼͷ۷ʵǿڵɽУһ֣Źŷ粻ԼĶ֡
ŷû˵ֻͷųԼѪ
ɽ磬һɫУһӰ֣߸ߵھ죬Ӳ
ŷüҲ⣬һС˳ֽΧħĤݣС˫һµɱ⣬ڤ˾
ȻҲЩȣŷǿս𾪡ʵӽˡ󣬹ŷֻҪͻƽϹŴ񾳽磬Ȼܹ
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Ҳɫ̾ҡҡͷиԼͽһ壬Ǳ
Ž񺱼ǶԹŷۣ츳̫ˣе㲻һŷΪ֮֮䣬ʲôܹв
ŷһѪһżգ¶һĨЦݣ˵ʵܺ磿
ЩϲĻֵ߲Ļ㲻κ⡣պ˽䶼˵
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ͻˣŷ۾һ
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Ͷ֮䣬޾컨׹޾֮ŻߵѹһϢܹһ硣
ǳΪߵһ˲䣬˽УҸܵһϢ߲׳֣йϵǿ߶˹ײֵģרŵػǿߡڤ˵
ȻҾͷˡŷһ
ʵҲĻߣּǿ߲ɵУǶ֡
ģʹûǸԼֻҪǻ߸ҳ֣ұȻְ㵲סȻ󣬵ҳܹսҵĻߣȴǺסڤޱȣĻ˵۾һ
޾µĻۣҳΪߣȻֻǸոս룬Ҳеٮٮߡڤ浭˵
ǾͶлˡŷ
ڤͷλ飬뿪
ŷһ⣬һվڱ󣬶쳣ǿƵ֣Ҳ˼ɡ
ҲҪһͻƣȻĻͽܶҪţʵﲻˬմЦ
ʦֿΪ߰ɣʱȺ쵰ȫѵһ١˽˵
յͷ˸־
Ϲ¶𣿡߳ɫǡ
ŷ˹죬û˱ãȻ˵Ǻӳˣ϶¡
û񣬹ŷͷ˵ģҸӦ¶ûг£ǰ;ز
ܹδЩȡ
ŷҡͷЦţֻǶϤһ飬ԶܳƵǶ졣
Ҳһִͨˣ棬õ˲ٶո̾
ŷû˵ʱ䣬ѪɿݽߣȻ󵽻ָͨ˺ܶණ֮ûгΪϹŴֻΪЩûͨûһ
ŷҪɾϹŴȴ֪һ·ģϹŴ֮λԾԵȥΨҶѪΪϹŴ
·˲ϹŴ񾳽磬ǹŷȴʣҪ߳ǿ·


1258 Ľ
ŷû뿪㵽²£ȻһĥѣҲҪԺܶͷҲԴٽɳ
ڹŷҪģǽԯݺᣬĲʹֿĻ߾Ͷĸ˽ܣرǴʹǶϣߵˣں̵ܶʱڣ߾硣
ŷչأɽͷһ˶ûУʩչͨ콵޾Ľ£Ǹɽͷû
Ȼһ̲סǶһۣܹԷеľ֡
̫ˣ⵽ʲôȻŭ嫵ĽѡһЩ֪ԶԶ˹ɫ̾
Ǵ˼ϢܵסףǾԵסǴϢҲܵеϢʱɫ䣬˱ǧ
ŷʲôȻǴ̫ˡܶǿ߶Զ
ʵԴסͻȫˣɽ綼Ҫ
εĽףʵ̫ˡ
СӾԲǽǵԪ롣ʹգʱЩаţ֪ŷ飬Բô򵥵ġ
ҹµӰ𣬴˼䣬Ҳգо֮Ŀ
ˣɽȫɴ۾֪ŷʲôˡ
һֻµĽնߣǰһУػһеĽС
ҷ𡣡
˫ֺʮׯϡ
˫񷡣
˶һۣ໥ͷȻһ⣬ֱ뿪
أɽ綼һ£ϯɽ硣
ǽȴûȫʧŷ𶯣޾ԻӰ֣ԯݺĲᣬǵϢǿȫԽǰȻѾ硣
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ֻһˡŷһ쳤ХƱ顣
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Ĳǰ̤һָ죬һָأɫׯϣϵ£ΨҶ𡣡
ϢҲȶ˱ׯϣƣһϢǿ˾ߡ
Сôġ𾪣֪֮ǰĲԯݺʵһϹŴ񾳽磬һûнϹŴȴͬʱΪ϶ΪŷʩչʲôֶΡ
Ĳῴ˹ŷһۣ˵ͷ΢Ц˵ѣȥҲҪػҲ㳤ˡ
ߺá
ŷͷĲʺǿߣҲǹŷ粻ϧһдۣҲҪĲǵʵԭ
һս
ԯݺᶢŹŷ磬˸
Ҳ㡣ŷ绵Ц
ԯݺҲ¶һĨЦ⣬ϵƣһ̤ŷǰȻһѱסŷ磬Ц˵лˡ
֪Լһʵ˹ŷ磬һҲΪŷűסġ
ıԴ磬ʲô£һҪ˵ŷ뵽϶ӡ
֪Ӵ˴Ǵ࣬ԯݺԯݺᣬ֮ûйϵԯݺĻϵնϡ
Ӵԯݺֻԯݺᣬˡ
һǵѡ񡣡ŷЦ
˹ŷһۣԯݺû˵ѡһԸֻҪҸѡնһϵ϶ȱһ٣Ȼһϵǿնϡ
ԯݺʵ̫˽ŷ磬һʲô鶼ܹĳŲ˼˵뷨ء
˵û߸ĸ֪ԯϲġŷЦ
ǷϲģҺԯݺ˹ŷһۣɫһ࣬һ񣬵ʥ
ѲضǴתǿԵơ˵д
֮綼̣ȻҲ˵ɽе۷࣬дһ֪δ֮ǰǶôǿ
ֻԯݺᡣԯݺ˵
նһУֻԯݺᣬǸϵ½޵еĴ
յͷԯݺ˼
ͽܣðˡտ˹ŷһۡ
ˣһ壬ǵҪˡŷЦ
ԯݺоһŷ磬ȻҪŷΪ
ŷûж˵ֻǵһ⣬ûԯݺԴ档
ûãԯݺһЦһˣһȺųǵҪĨȥĹͣǸ
ȻԯݺҲŭˡ


1259 ɱ
ŷĹͣԲĨɱǹŷԭȻҪսͿ̿ڣҲΪŷǿߵ⣬԰ȵĹҪǧŴС
ڣȴҪĨһУԯݺŭȻĸ֮Ҫ͹ŷһϸ£ҲòϣЩ󹦼ڹŷ磬ԲκĨɱ
ҶԴ˵ǲ⣬ֻС³֣ʵ̫ˣǸգ˽ʦˣҲŷк˸
ǱԯݺϢ£ɱȻ
ʱس֣ڰУܵΧɱǳһŷ翴ԯݺһۡ
֪ԼǺ;ϣȻҪܵΧʱԯݺ֣ܹԷһֲ
֪ȥɱɣȺƽҵķŭԯݺЦ˵
ŷ罫Ŀգ˵ʦûбҪǧҪ֣ǻ֣ҳ֣ɽȻƴ󣬵Ǿ˴оԶжǿǲ֪ûǲҪǷͻ
տ˹ŷһۣ˵ģзִ硣
ʵϣɽʵԲھˣֻһߣûе
ˣеʱʵ̫ˣδܵѹƣǵ׻жٻߣû˸˵
ķͻȻɽڤ棬Ҳдѡ
޵У̶ֳȵǿߣ޷⡣
ȳ֣һһԯңҲʲôϲҲ˵ԯݺоһ
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ŷͷ˺Ѵϣ뿪
֮Уڹ۲ž˵Ķһ壬׷ɱһߣȴ򽫣ɱ˲ˡ
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ȻܿǾͳ˿һȺ֣ȫޱȣ޾ĴɨЩֱ̤ƽǡ
綼𾪣ʵ̫ǿ಻ǿ߸ǲһУͲǣֻмµĹŽ磬ܹǡ
Ҿ׷ɱǸСڣֻΪ˸С֣ĥʯǻΪҾ˺Сɣһǿ֣߳쵶ǿޱȣкܶ׷ߣǾбȽǿһ֧
ʵϣʵǷ׷ɱŷĸ£һ׷ɱݵġ
չֳֿµʵò˲Ǿη˼㡣
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īҹҪɱ㡣ŷŽ磬ɽӱ飬һֿµϣ˲
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˻һ˶ȣŷͷвģ籾ػֻЩȥˣŷ缸ҪȴˡֻһЩϱŹŷĺãжŷ硣
׷ɱ£ǹŷĶӣһҲ
ŷ磬˰꣬ڳˣ˵սҵҪ֪㵽ûô쵶Ǹվ˳һɫս̷ۣԵ÷ǳƮݣһ㡣
һѣҲǰۣһɱ㡣ŷ米˫֣ȫǲм
ССһߣ̫ˣҪɱ㡣ԷɫһΪһȻǸҲӣŷĻʱŭˡ
Ҳһܹսöǿ˹ŷʵֻһȽǿĸ߶ѡ
׳ա
ŷ絭һЦ
Ц˳֦ȫɢſµɱ⣬ŷ綴˹ȥ
֦أŷΧм䣬Ҫ顣¶һĨмЦݣЦ˵ʲôƨս˴꣬ʵˡ
׳ա
ŷ翴һۣͻȻ⣬ʵϢ춯أŷɱ˳ȥһȭ֦˻һƽ⣬˹ȥ
ŭһ
ƽüһеĹâ浹£Ȼһ޴˵ϡ


1260 ս
һɱ˶סˣŷǿ𾪡
ľڸ߾磬Ǿʵȴµ˾㤡
ͽҳˡ쵶ŭŹŷ磬Ŀµ˼㡣쵶񣬼ֱҪ˹ŷһ
ұɱ˵ġŷ絭һЦɫĮһ˫Ӹ˸⡣
ߡ
쵶һŷ
ͬʱǿߣŷɱ
ΧҪս
쵰
ŷ簵һ䣬ʹҲ޷ôǿߡֱתߣ˲ʧ
ˣٸҳ֣ұɱ㡣쵶Ŵŭ˵
ŷѾʧ쵶Ҫɱˣҵŷ硣
ȥȫ׷ɱ£ͬʱѰҹŷ䣬һŷ磬·ɱ⡣쵶о˸µǿ
ǡ
һȺǿߴɱ⶯졣
ƬŽУǿжһԶնѰҹŷ䣬ǿߣ֮Ҫҵŷ硣
ɴ˿ɼ쵶ǶôҪɱŷ硣
ۡ
һͻȻ飬ѪȾأŷֱ֣һЩǿߣʮǿ𶯣˵ǿߣȫ˹ȥһжͽͣŷѾʧʵǻ֣߳߱ΧסŮܹɱŷ硣
쵶ɫ࣬ڤѰҹŷ䣬ȴһ
һ٣ŷվһɽɽۣЦһɱȫ
쵶ŭк˸Ѱҹŷ䡣һжûãŷ翰ƿ£ʱ֣͵ϮЩ쵶£Ծ˵ٶʧ綼𾪣ŷҪһ쵶£˵˼㡣
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ǿߣֻ쵶һˣ˶ɱѪȾ
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Ըһ˳֣Ǳˣǹŷ磬£Ͷ֮䣬һָϣ˲ֱӣ̲סҪݡ
쵶ɫ࣬Ŀⶢڹŷϣ˵ڿϳˡԹŷ磬˵֮ǣŷ缸ɱе£ŭ˼ֱҪץ
ֱΪɱ㡣ŷ絭һЦĿҲͬǳ䣬𣿽ҵҪ֪֮¹˭֡һЦ쵶һ֣µӰ֣ȻڰУʱų֣ŷΧм䡣
Ѿ֪ǵĴڣΣŷ絭Ц⣬һƵӣ쵶ɫ
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ְɡŷû˵ķϻֻǵ˵
ٸǿ߳˹ǿ֣߳ʮҪŷΧɱˡ
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˲䣬ʮǿը飬ڷҲˣɫȻŹŷ񣬼ֱڿһħ
Ӳֻǲ˷ѾΪҵʵܲ𣿡ŷЦٴγ֣ɱˡ
Ѫǽȥ˶ľǷˣҺ͹ŷһս
䡣
쵶֣һӸ߿䣬ŷն˹ȥ
ŷЦ˫ӡһѪӾ֮ԻȻֱѹ˹ȥ
Ѫգײһȫˡ
ŷ̲ס쵶Ҳһһ˿ѪȻǸˡ
쵶ŵɫŷսȻ֮ϣӲ·硣
ɱ
ŷɱȥҪʤ׷
ڴʱµϢɱһ˻죬һƴ޾Ĵպգѹ£ÿһͷӵſµ
һ˳֣޾֣ˮ飬ɱŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷɫĮͣĳֿ֣˵ĹѪնȥ飬
ǲͣײŷ𶯣ȻǿҪҲǲܡҺֻͨȻĻŷͲǶ֡
͡
쵶Ҳֱ֣ӳ˹һѻƽ£Ҫŷˡ
ŷѪһħɳϣֱն˳ȥ

һײ쵶ĵϣһµƣɫ¶һĨţȻٽԼĵ
ұȵƾҲ䣿ŷЦ


1261 ɱ
ħ쵶¶һḬ̃ɫõ˵ħһϱ
ֻǺȻûһϵ
Ͻһеķϲĵ޷ħȡŷ絭һЦɫ쳣м
𻯽ն
ǸڣһڵƣޱȣÿһƶնɱһһϹŴ𻯽ŷն̺ĻϢľ
һԪˮɱ
һҲڣʹˮһˮն
ŷһһֺܲĸовһ
֪оԲ򵥡
쵶Цһó쵶ŷն䡣
ǿߣʮҪŷȫУɱ
ŷûжܣʵûжܵ뷨һĨаЦŷϵϢͻȻһ˲䣬˺ܶ౶
ѡ
ŷȵ֮ϣȻ֮ϣȻǰɱȥ
˸µɱ⾪춯أֱӽûͬʱԷĹҲ˰ɹŷϡ
ڵһʱ䣬ŷըˣѪȾء
𣬼ûκǿߵ۷һȻǹŷ磬Ҳܲסֱӱɱˡ
ŭǸܵвǳ֣߾ܣסѡ
ȻˣҲܵ˿µشȵʧ֮Ϣ΢ʵٽ˰˲㡣
ǶһۣԷеľ壬κˣŷ֣½ҲòȥǱ
һ֣䵽³ŷʵʵ̫ˡ
վŷɱˣ뵽һ㣬¶һĨЦݣŽ磬ȫѪǿ߶սͨ鵹ûܵ˺ǵǿһ߾ʬʱ򣬲ٶƽʱĤݵ飬ʱֵ˼㡣ΪĩҪˣħˣ֮䣬׷ʲô
Ȼ쵶ǲЩϵ뷨ģк˷ܣɱ˹ŷ磬ͣȻʧСǸʹͣԲǵʧС
һ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ۡ
ڴʱǸʹһԪˮͻȻըķѣԪ˻ҪȴһֻץУֱˡ
ʲô쵶һ¶𾪵ɫǿʲôµĶһ
û
һӰǲԶɫսףһµϢ˵ϣǲҪȥ
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ûǷУĻΣգŷҲġ
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ʲô쵶һǻɱǸȻֻǹŷķʵоɵ˼顣
Ҫ֪վҪڱģ˺ܶ࣬ŷһܹս磬ʵǿʲôز쵶
ŷ֪쵶һЩʲôаЦԼǽ쵶סˣԷͲ֪һ壬ǿԻһʵͱһķġ
ûֵǸˡŷһ⣬߹ȥȻڵ״̬ԲǹŷĶ֣쵶ҲԴУ˶һۣԷеľġ
ŭһͬʱ˵ɱ
˳˹ȥŷ緢
ŷЦµϢƽѪһֻĳѹ¡
ۡ
Ǹʹû飬ŷɱͬʱ쵶Ҳķ˳ȥըҵ˼㡣
ŷ粢û֣֣쵶ѹ¡

쵶˲ʡһжͽͣŷһֻѹ£ֱӽ쵶ɱ
ŷЦһת뿪
֮īйϵļŽ磬ܵ˹ŷɱķסˡ˭Ҳû뵽ʱ򣬾Ȼ˸ս˵ϣɱôˡ
Ҳ֪ŷרīڱΪԷ׷ɱһȥ׷ɱ¡
īŭ޾ڸѰҹŷ硣
ʱĹŷ磬ȴѾǼŽˡݣһ磬ȴǰķʢǾΪݵĹٳģפźܶ෽


1262 ¥
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ңҲĻΪжһｻѷǳ㷺Ȼʵǿȴеλ
ŷĵһĿ꣬գԷһɱ˽䣬ǹŷ粻̵ġ
ˡ
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ŷĳǳأݳǣеĵһǡ
£ڽֵϣΧȫǿߣ֮УϹŴ񲢲ټż߹ȥ
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ȻǹŷսĸߣԲࡣ
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˿ѡĹֻҪԪʯʲôܹΪЦе˵һ˫ڹŷϴڹ۲ŷ絽ûԪʯ
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ʱɫסˣ뿪ڣŷȴ˳óһС
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ϹŴһҪƳһҪ̫ĲϡܶΪ꣬δԼ֤
ֶǷǳģȻǿ߶ӣοһ𱣬õĶֱˡ
ȻĿˣĹҡŷЦ˵
ŷĻ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ˵ˣģһˮСͻȥȸ
ŷȴţǱٻ֪Լҹ֪ǻ᲻ҪԼ
˦˦ͷ뷨Ժ˦˳ȥŷ󣬽һ䡣
ǣŷһƲ˱ŷԵ÷ǳڡһŲŷ˹ȥһŮӣɣ˹ϴһ˿ΣԵ֮
ˮСˣλӣǧҪ۸Ҽˮ𱿴˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ʵǹŷֱóһǲˮһһǰĿ˵ġ
СŮˮӡˮ˹ŷһۣѾ˵˹ŷкԷһʲôӵӣȻС
ŷ֮ˮеʧˣŷУǳͨûκβͬĵط
ʵǿ߾磬ھݱȱȽǡˮѾ϶ŷһ棬Ǽеġ
뵽һĨĺͲм
ŷ翴ˮɫûԷô룬ŷֻԼߣЦ˵˾ͺãҺȾơ
ˮЩ⣬˹Ȼ˹ŷߡһƣֱһˮϣӺˣȻһʤӡ
þŷЦԼһȻֱӹ
˾ȻʼƴƣǸЦãǹŷԼѡҲ˵ʲôֻǸˮһɫúõźţȻ뿪
һУѾŷ翴ɲˣָŹŷóһء
뵽һϽԺȥ
ϰ壬һóʲôǰģһӢ꣬Ļʱ΢΢Щȡ
һ˫ӣ棬ͻȻɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǸһôĵӡΣ̲סڣľ̾
𱲻Լϰ˼ȴ֪ʲô˵


1263 
ϰ壬˭ʵ
ȷҪʣǸϰ¶һĨɫŹֵ˵϶֪ݣһһȥ¥ᱻ˸ˡ
ʲô𱾪ȣ¥ǿƣźܴĺ̨ˣǶġ
Ǵʱϰȴ˵˵Էݣ¥Ҫ𾪡жжǿĵˣԷĵˣҲ¥Ҳ˵ǸóˣĵˣݣǰϰͣҪһ㡣
һߣһעҪǿߣãȻпܻᱻһʧǴδһ顣ϰ嵭˵
ע棬˵ʵ̫ˣǸ𱱻𾪶֪˵һЩʲôáվһߣʲô˵ڹŷݣʶˡ
úдͣһжⵥȻͲûȥˣ˵ֶϡ档ϰ嵭˵
һѵѪĽиš
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Ǵ˵ֺƶв档
ŷԼıӣ˵лӢۣˣŮӣһƲʲôġ
ˮһЦûиоŷеģˮһָоŷĻȫĵģһ㶼ûα
һӣĿⶢڹŷϣ϶
˶ˮȴԽԽ٣һϡﻩ˳֣ܿƽϢڳ˶֪˵ݣǡ
Ǫǲǣһŭ𣬹ŷĳֻǪƺùŷ΢΢һ
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һĶ棬ԣӦˣԼǰʵΪΪᡣˮЦ˵
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̫ˡŷ۾һ
һ㶼á
ŷ䣬һȻһŶ롣
ϰ塣ˮȵĺһ


1264 ¥ϰ
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ڹŷݣˮǳ档֪ԼϰģȻԾ˵ĸҲͷ佱Էһ䣬Ǵʱȴ佱ŷ磬Ȼŷеǿ
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ԭ
ˮɫ̾ûһˣ߾Žףôྪ춯ص顣ͬʱˮҲˣŷеԲʲôģӦǹŷɱԷ
뵽ŷдһĨݵɫ
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ҪΪԼϰһƣˮֵԼùŷ粻ˣ˵ܹ͹ŷΪѣңȻΪһС£ùŷ粻Լѡ
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ҲһȤˡŷЦŵͷ
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ˮɫһ죬ԼϰһۣЩɬ
ڷȻҲһεӡùŷЩе㻳ɣﵽǲ¥ȻĻΪʲôôɬһЩкŮһ

˶˼ʱűͻȻ߿ŷĿתſڡ˷һۣ˼ԣ÷ȥ
΢΢һЦȻת˵Ǫ𣿡
˻һڵǪ֮󣬶ʱһɨ˹ŷˮһۣȻ˵û飬ˮġ
ȻŵǪڷǳɵԸͷ﷢ͻ


1265 Ǹ˺ܿ
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Ǫ΢΢һ㶣֪ԼֳһЦһû˵
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ĿˣôûмǪ˹ŷһۣɫг˵⡣
ŷף϶ΪԼˮһǪųԴˣͲ⡣ī٣Ҳŷɵһ㣬ǪȻûʸ
ʵϣǸղŷ˵ĻŷѾˡ
ʶˣ㶼ʶĻͲǪˣ߰ɣҪԶ֣ȻϿ»ѿﵭ˵ûнǪУ⵽˼㡣
Ǫֱҧվ˵ҽˮģ㲻Ҫ̫֡
ˮ£ûʱ㣬㡣ﵭ˵ɫѾһЩͷ
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ܣҪˮң͵Ҫ󣬷ǲӣҾͲˡǪ˵վȻҪˡ

ͻȻŭһֻǪץ˹ȥһϸ֣ҪǪѹ
ڴʱǪ߳һߣü˳ۣǳȴΪϣ仨ȫɳǪĹײһ
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˼ĿɭȻǸߵϣ˵ūֻһūţҲҺҶ֣
ūңղֻǾУԲų֣֮Ӽ¡ū˵ƤӶ̧ȻĵǸһⶼûС
һ⣬ЦһūҵҪһ¸׻᲻ܽˣһ˶Ҷ֣ǲǾĵλһأ
ūɫ΢䣬幪˵ūˣӴдҪСļƽϡ
ߡЦһɫĮ
ǸùˣҪ˽ӳȥūȻĸ֣ȴֹūһɫĮˡ
Ǫ˵ЩʲôūȴһѣС˵Ȼˮûʱ䣬Ǿ뿪ˣˮʱ䣬¥ˡ
ǪɫЩȴûΥū˼ԷȻūͣʵȴīɹġūƽʱǳǪĻһūʲôǪҲǲᷴԵģȻˣȴҲףūẦԼ
ǪĸŻū뿪ЩޡȻɵǷҪ˵˺ȻҲܣϾҵݵλȻ࣬վ
ūΪʲôҪ뿪߳¥Ǫźܲ޵ʵ
Ը񣬼ûùһãܲˬһɻ
ү֪·ǺˮһǸˣǧҪǡūü˳ۣ˵
ǪЩȣĿ˻ūһۡ
Ǹ˺ܿ£һǿߣūǰȻһľսĸоҲµòĻǸһΪū˵
ȻŷΪڸ߾磬ȴãǹŷΪǾùŷһǼΪǿƵֻ֣һЩͨԼΪ˾Ǹ߾硣
㶼µǿߣǪһ¶Ȼɫֲ÷˿дһ˵أһߣʹͷٴܹ÷дôһ˵ҾˣһܿµǿߣҪ£ԲŻģǴ飬ҲŻ
ūͷЩοĿǪһۣЦ˵үˣ֪ˣү֪϶ǳ˵ء
ǵȻүүϲ˾ˡǪ˵
ūһЦǪȻ竣īϲҲŰԸԭһ˸үүȻ˼ɣΪΪ
ңн磬׻һǿ𣬳Ǳɱ棬õԼıӻɡʧ
Ͼһ˵ĸʵǿλȨأ˭ܹɱ
ȻˣҾȥģˣ˵Ǹƽ磬֪ǲģǪͻȻ뵽һ顣
ӦǣƽǿƣһŽ磬ӣȻǾˣҲֻռһԺҵµ䡣ūЦ˵
Ǿȥƽ磬ҵǸ£ɱǪ۾һ
ū΢΢ԥǵ˵ͷ


1266 ³ǳ
ԭƽ硣¥Уŷջʶū֮ĶԻȫ˶Уǻū֪һУ϶ầȻΪҾеٮٮߣȻ˹ŷʶ͵ֱǲܵġ
ŷһӣЩȡ֪ŷղʶ͵֮ĶԻء
һƣվǺ˶棬ɫּĺƣǿžģֻܹ֮
ʹõɹǴ˵еңǧңĺƣЧǷǳ˵ġ
ңīʲôʱСŷ罫Ŀⶢڷϡ
һ̷ﵹûκԥֱӸ˹ŷ𰸡
ʮ֮īҪӾ뿪ѸθŽ磬ʱŷԳ֣ɱԷ
㵱ɵҪѲθŽ磬϶ǿƣǳ֣ᱻ˲ɱŷû˵
ȴҡͷٺЦһʹˣǿߣѲʮЯʲôǱǿߣǻ֣߳˭ܹɱ
⵹ǲŷͷǿߵ̬
ԣҪ־ֻᣬīԲ뵽˸֣ھ硣ŵ˵
ŷ΢΢ԥһ£ȻʵĶ𣿡
˹ŷһۣԥҡͷǡ
ŷԼıӣһЦԼˡīΪ˵ĸǿƵʵƾˣŷ絥֮£ҲδǶ֡
Ȼ˵֮жҲܣŷڵսԿ۷īҪܹŷ磬ô򵥵ġ
ôɱŷûĵ˷һۡ
һЦû˵ɱǾǹŷԼˡŹŷݣͿ϶аոɵīҲܹˡ
һߵˮĿɿڴףŷĿģȻҪɱīҪǴȥԾ춯ˣúܶĿɿڴ
˵ĸ̫ˣһһˣ˶Ҫ𶯣Ҳִҡ
ʶһ㣬ˮе㲻ȥˣ飬ˣһָ
ðɣͲˣҪһæŷ˵
оһЦʵʲôæ
һˣжӦҲ硣ŷɫЩ䣬뵽˽䱻жˣһɱɱڡ
Ǹһ
ﾪȣȻʶԷġ
֪ŷվ
³УǳھУҲСļһʲôԹЩȵʵ
˽ежȻеʵ˺ʵǷǣ˭ǳȣȻ˿𣬵ҲҲǷˮ𣬺ѣУǱȽϳԵÿһˡ
һһλȥǹŷһˣ¾Ǹ顣
ǰãһɱҵʦ塣ŷ˵
˽Ϊ³ģȴжˣԹŷǿ϶Ҫֻġ
˵ǸصȻʦ塣ﾪȵ˼㡣
ôˣŷʵ
Ǽһ̫ˣȻֻж׷ɱʵϰл֣Ȼˣǽж̳ˣԴˣ˵ڶδָ
ŷ粢⣬˽Ȼ͵һͿܹΪɽĴһˣжĶ֣ǲ
ˣл˵飬ŷסˣԺǾѣȸˡŷ翪ڣ΢΢һ뿪
ˮЩ˵
֪Լ飬ʵ̫һ㣬пܻᱻڡ
Ǹоˮ뷨ﵭһЦ˵ϰһĺˣȥɡ
ˮһѾԼĻȫ棬Ϊ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ŷ뿪ֱ³Ǹȥ
ǿƣͬˣŷû̳֣ҵһطסڵȴᡣ
˵𣿳ˣԴҽơ̸ۣһ̾ӡ
֮ҽɺ٣ȻУҲδ㹻ΪȥҵǾãһγ鷳ˡǸ˵ͬ鿪ڣһ̾ӡ
ҲʲôˣҲǵ飬ˡ˳һʱ䣬Ȼ㲻̸ۡ
ڹŷϣ¶һĨЦݣΪ㹻ҽɣԼڷλɱжû뵽ˡ


1267 װ
ŷͷ棬ֱӻһ˵ģһɽϵʿһƺ«ֱȥ
վס
ɫеʿŷĵס
ŷװӣһֱӳ֣ķɡ
ʲôȻ˸ڳ£ЩʿǶʱŭȫ˳ŷΧм䡣
ʱ򣬹ŷȴԼľƺ«ûЩˣڿѰҽѰҽűãвΣ˭˿
һ߰ʫùŷ糪Ҳ߰㡣Щʿȴ̻һǰˣȻһҽɡ
ףΪʲôԷ߾磬ȴǿơ
ҽɶǼصģһһ߾ҽɣּҽɣʵ̫ˣҽܵ˺
Ϊǵԭҽ뿪ǿ¶Ҫ
ʶһ㣬Щʿȫ¶ŵɫ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴ˵һëȻĻˣȻӭңҲˡ
һ¡
ʿ֮еһͷϽ˵һ㽫еıӵˣֻһ뷨Ǿǹŷǧ뿪ȻĻһȺֵܵԴ¶ס
Ҫʲôŷһӣɫ䱸
ǸʿԴðǹһʵҽɣ
ʵŷͷɫ¶һȻȻǻɵĲϵϣԵüΪڳȴһЦɫ
ǸʿͷϽ˵ղһжᣬǧҪ⣬ˡ
ôƭңҪƭȥɵŷ˵
ǸʿͷðĲ֪ô˵ˡ
ˣúǼƽϣǳӭңȻĻҲȥġŷ米˫֣˵
һʿĿɿڴóԳӣһߣȻҪǼֱЦá
Ȼ뵽Էҽɵ֮ҲΡ
²ԳӭӣԼȥɡǸʿͷЦ˵
ֱҪԼһƣղΪʲô˵㽫ԷΧסӺˣԷΪԼҽɵݣڿʼˣóӭӣǱ֪ⶼǵԭ򣬲һ𣬿϶Ĳǡ
жԺһǿߣǾԲ쳣񣬵ǶԴȴǷǳһ˴󣬽Ƿǳĳͷ
ǲܷģһء
ĴˣȥɡǸʿͷһ˳ĿŹŷ磬һӡ
һۣŷԥ˰죬ڵͷˣӣǵĴӵ֮£ȥ
֪ܹͨܺͳҽáǸʿͷ죬Լ·Ը
µһСϽ˳ȥȥ顣
ղŷ飿ǸʿͷЩԥ˵
ŷ翴һۣ˵İɣҲģҳԺ󲻻ٳͷˡ
ǸʿͷȻԹŷĻЩɻ󣬵ȴûж룬ֻҪ֪Լܵĳͷˡ
һȺȥӭ˼ˡͷˣȻһֻսǿ
ŷ֮˹ȻֱӾһ˵λ
һһԵüΪ죬ڳ˶֪ŷݣԲ⡣
߾ҽɣܵ
ŷֵĵ˵ͷ˵ǳأϷβġ
û뵽ŷֱӣһ£ȻЦ˵ǳ屧ԲܳӭĪ֣֪γƺ
Ȼڴŷĵϸ
ҽţҲȥˣϷɽҰƥϷ֣ǲءŷԼ°͵ĺӣ˵
̯˵˲ǣ˵ͷ˵Ȼˣβɡ
šŷȴ֣Ц˵ҪβôףЩôΪʲôҪǣ
΢΢һ㶣¶һĨЦݣеɻֱӴˡŷ粻ҪôĻǻӲپ裬ϾһҽţΪƣȻҪκζⱾ͸Ź졣ᣬʨӴ󿪿ڣı֡
ҪʲôЦʵ
ܼ򵥣չֻݣɽÿһݣûеĻҳ֡ŷ絭˵
ȷʵʨӴ󿪿ˣ⼸˵ƷźܴãһӱҪЩֱθ̫ˡ


1268 ͵Ϯ
Ҫ֮ȴԷȻҪЩͱȻǿɿġһߣҲܹ˻
뵽˵ģЩǶУֻҪҪһʱ䣬ȸβһ˽Щ͹
ŷЦϼһȫڳҪЩȻһӵһһҲкܶ࣬жĵλߣЩҪУͲܡ
̫ˣϷ㣬ϣԶšŷԼ°͵ĺӣ¶һ˷ܵӡ
ĲѣЦȵĲκˣһоɲùŷˡ
˵
ŷͷȥ
ŷû˵Լ飬ЩʿʱһŷıӰ¶Ͻɫ
߽һԺУһ۵ò㣬ɫȴЩ԰ףһ˫еЩ
ŷ˽Ŀת˹һ˫ͻȻ𾫹⣬ڹŷϣȵˣɱңΪҲ֪𣿸¡
˻һŷһܵԼߣͻȻԼ֡һ㱾ܵҪһȭȥһ̣ŷһûжȴһܾӣһץУֵĶһʧӡ
ｫŷץסûм֣ǽĿǸꡣ
û⣬ǿصġ꿪ڣһ˫ЩӶڹŷϣЦ˵λҽɴˣ벻Ҫ⣬¶ҪҲΡ
ŷЦһʵ̫ƻСĵ˼㣬κˡ
ȴװһδӣԷĻ֮΢Щһ˵˲ؽ⣬ϷʡģϷʡġ
һηɫж⡣ҪĽֻǰҽɳ׵ԼŲڸԼƵʱŪʲôֽš
ðɣҽɴ˻ϰɡж˵ûκζ
ŷ翴жһۣװ΢Ĳԥ˺һӣԷ˹ȥ
ж⽫Լ˳ڹŷǰһֻסж֡˲䣬һӴŷڡ
ЦҺղʶжĽʮ䣬ıԼĽṹ˾ͬһһ
жһżգĸߣͲŷȴɫһ䣬ܵжӡ
ֱ˿̣жų׷ģЦ˵²ΪҽɣղһСܹ̽оĳ
˹ˡŷ¶ǿЦаħԵЩڲġ
жȴںŷĸܣԼѾԷڵķڷˣԲ˿뷨
ˣƣжʵ
ŷ΢΢ԥһ£˵Դֻһ취
ʲô취жЩеʵʵУǷǳġΪ³ǳλãúܶۺģˣܶ˶ԾԾԣҪλԼλ
жԲ鷢еҪָʵ
Ǵˣƣʵ̫޸ˣȻжΪҲʱ֮ڣԼƻָ
һҽɣ߾ҽɣ˵һ
ŷһ⣬ͻȻ𣬴ܼ򵥣ǾŹŷĻһȭȥֻɱ⣬жû
ʲô𾪣жԼûзӦ㱻ŷһȭԪ˻Ҫȥ
ʱ򣬹ŷһֻ£ֱӽжԪУָ֮ɱӿ˲佫жԪ顣
Ҳһ̣жԪָȴ΢ˡŷԷʮΣսжԪӡ
һߵһۣЦ˵Լ𣿡
˵תߣʱŷѾָòѾ֪Լǰվ˭ˡ
ŷ磬ɱ˾˲֪ǿߵļһȻһҽɣ͵ϮжжˣȻԼǹŷĶ֣Ҫ֪жǿеǿߣȻˣʵҲǿĶˡ
ȻǿڹŷȴʲôڵսԺɨ
ɱˡһ𣬹ŷ
ͬʱ³ǿ߾ѻŷ磬Ҫס
ŷɱ˳ɱ˹ŷĻп˳ƳΪ³ǵĳȻĿŹŷ뿪
顣
ѡ
ֱӺȳһֶϻ꣬ը飬ѪȾ񷡣ûȴľ֣ĺˡ


1269 뿪
ǹŷ硣ϳŷݣĺ
ǿ߶𾪣û뵽ŷ羹ȻôĵӣУǿƼ³У³ǳɱ

ŷЦһְֻ£ֻתѡ
ЩˣӲӡҪΧ£ȥʱ򣬹ŷѾ˺Ѵ뿪ˡ
Ƕʱ¶ŭɫҪ֪ɱ˹ŷ磬пܳΪ³ǵĳʸϸīΪǰĴˡ
ڹŷߣҲ޹⣬ϾǶ³ǵˣ³ǵĳȴɱǵǰȥǿ϶ҪЦ
һŷ磬ұɱߵĻᡣһ߷߲ƽ˵
ͬ鿴Ǹһۣ¶һĨЦҿǹŷ粻ߵĻɣʵɱ˹ŷ磬ֱЦ۷мǿĴڣҪܹŷ磬ǲܵġ
Ȼ֪ղҲ˵˵ѣߴԼͬһۣǸЩû˵
ղֻһʱޣԲ˵ĻڱԼͬһ˵ʱЩΡ
ʱ򷹿ҳԣǻ˵ѵΪ˶ǹŷĵҪ£˴ڣñ˽ԴύŷǸͬû˵
ĻǸʱ¶һĨ㤵ɫֱӱ첻˵
ͬĻȻԲ˵Цϵڶ࣬˭Ҳ֪ǶЩʲôǿԿ϶пùŷ磬Ҫ͹ŷύġīĵˣԹŷǳĿãȻκ˶Թŷе⣬Ҫŷ糹׳ɳѹī
ŷڣһӴϣ硣
˶¶ȻɫǸܵµѹȻ̲ס΢΢ȥ
˲Ǳˣī޼ɵͷԼĿϣ˼㡣
ֳڶ࣬ȴû˸Ҷīվһ仰˵ɫ쳣š
˵īһˣ
ɫţϽش𣺡ŷɱ˳֮󣬱뿪磬Ҳ֪ŷ
ϲģҪãī˵һָֻУµգÿһϢܹɱϹŴ
ҽһȥ
ǰߣЦīһЦɫг˲м𶯣Ƶӿ£С
ҽУըѪȾ񷣬Եޱȡ
˶ī˾ηȻһīĸУʹûʲô԰ģױܹɱ
˷ֹŷ֮ϱֻҪܹҳɹŷɱҿǸΪҵĵӡī˵һ䣬뿪
īΪɱŷ磬ȻҪͽˣ˶̲סɴ۾ɫ˷ܣȻǿߣǺ١
ʵϳΪīһڵͽܣôʵ̫ˣʹ޷ߡ
Ѱҹŷ䣬һҪɱһ
ŷҵȵ֮һ󺰡
ǿߣ³еϹŴ񣬴ʱѾˣҪҵŷ磬ŷɱ
Ǿ˵ոȥĳȻѾ˺׵ȴˡ
ŷֱ˺˺ܶϣ˵ɽ硣
˵򻨹ɽйȥһȺŮ˶Χ˹ǸӦŷϢʱȸԾ
񣬸¶ɫŷû֮ɫ¶һĨʧ
ŷ翴ɫȻʲôŷ罫§ڻУ˵ģС²κģ֪ȻһЩĥ£ǲûΣգڵʵȻҪɱô׵ġ
ŷĻһЦһ˵Ҳǲ֪ҸϣСһͨʿʲô콾
ˣͨʵģʵɨ£ײã棬ǾܹͨԶǡŷ˵
뷨ͬеʽҪŰݵֻһǾʵˣñ˲㡣
ϾҲˣҲбԼʱֻʵǿˣܹסһеѡ

˵ֻϵǣȴûм١
ӣŷЦ˰ɣȻ㲻Сܿ࣬Ҿͽӻˡ
ģ¶Цݡ
СӵҲˣӦýˡŷЦ˵
ڹŷһڣС˵Ϲá


1270 
ŷЦŮˣȻݺ̽ŮǿˣǷǳ㣬ֻйŷԼӣȻǹŷЩŮˣáҲǷǳ֪Ůˣܹ͹ŷߵһ˵Ѿ˵ˣб
ԽŷбԽϧԽǲܿࡣ
ϹС졣վ˳Щԥ˵
һֱһֱδȻ˵ȥһֱǹš
ˣС̶һֱĸĸһҲ֪ôˣСһУȢžԼܳȥȥˡȸЩ˵˹ŷһۣǳ϶˵㽫Ҫ趼ʶһʵ̫ˡ
ҲϲҵĶӵġǰȸһۡ
ǴġȸЦ˵
ǵͷ˹ŷһۣ˵ϹûУӶϽ档
ŷһ㱻ԼĿˮǺ
ŷȴҲףŮ˶ڿЦڼӣǷǳ۰ģٻѩ£ǼŮ˵ͷ⣬ȫڼңȻҪ
Ƿİɣ˶µģǵĺӣϵһҪɨµġŷЦ˵
İ˹ŷһۣ˵ˡ
ֻҪӻʲô޵£ĲںںĻʵֻҪŷʵǸͿˣԱסȫˡ
ǳʱһֵӰ˲Ǳˣ˽䡣ĿɭȻĳޣڹŷϣӼֱҪ˹ŷһ
üŮһ֪ʲô顣һߣҿڡ
ôϢѵ㽫ˣ˽ȿڣһĨȣŷѯʵ
˽ϣŷԿ˽ǳҪ֪𰸡
ŷûҪӣֱӽԼ̯ȻһԪ˵ǰ˲ǱˣжҲǵɽǿա
˽ʱյɫ䣬ɻ󣬹ŷΪʲôҪԼ֣ȴˣԷ˽֮йϵֲҪ͵ϮԼԼԪù
ʦ壬Ϊ׼ϲ𣿡ŷʵ
¶һĨЦݣ˽˵ϲȻϲգ´㶼û뵽㾹Ȼ䵽еһ졣
ɫյԪ˹һ˫С۾˺ɫݺݵĶԪ
ͷɱɱı㣬ӼȻˣûд뿪ЦĲмףµĶûãԾӲһ㣬ʡı˿Լ
ɱ㣿̫ˣˣӦܵĥʹȥ˵ֱ̫ҸˣôܴӦʹȥ˽Цɫƽʱĺɫȫһ
˽ϣɢſ̹ǵĳޣùŷŮһµĸоǾ쵽ʦ壬ƽʱȣȫǻһһ
ʲôձɫΪһǿߣȻףʱ˵ǲпᣬĥȴǷǳµģԶûгͷ֮ա
ˣҾͿˣյӦ뵽нôһ졣˽Ц˹ŷһۣ˵ǼȣҺһúõ档
˵ʱ˽ЩȻν棬ԲǱϵ˼

հҪԱ˽ȴֱӽѹɱʸûˡȻѾעˡ
ϣʦܹ⿪Ľᡣһճ֣˽뿪ķɫ΢΢Щ̾
ʦǲҲĽ᣿ŷͻȻʵ
տ˹ŷһۣû˵ֻɫ΢΢Щ
ʦҪʦ£ԼȴΪʲô£ʱ䣬Ϊһߣʱɱ˳ˣΪʦ𣬱Ѿ˽飬ʦαػڻŷʵ
΢΢̾Ϣһ飬Ĵ̼ʵ̫ˣ޵ϵ£ȴۿԼʦʦܣԼǰԼʦԼˣʥ˵ִʵ̫ˡȻȥ޾£շ飬ȴգɼ
ҲɣɱǼ쵰˵ɡ˵˹ŷһۣЦŰ˵Ҳ뿪ˡ
ŷͷûдڵɽгŷҪܶ࣬һǽīɵʡ˵ĸһֱԼš


1271 
صУŷûȥ³ǣҲûȥݳǣһճǣھĵȴī뿪
˵ûУīҪҹŷ磬ֻҪֹܹŷ㱨ȥͣǰīɱŷ磬īǸΪͽܣ˵ܶˡ
Ҳ˵ˣΪͽܣ찡һҾм
ϧ˹ŷ磬Ҳܸ˵ɱһĶĶ֡
ŷҾݺ֮ܳһֻǿϧ˾ˣעҪġʿ̸ۣùŷ硣
̫ǿˣУֻܹмĹŽܹˣŷֻһˣֻһߣȻܹһʱۣ֮ҲһֱȻ
ݵ˶ţĻһо˵ǿ֣߳ŷĨɱ
û˿ùŷ磬κ˶ǡ
ŷ˵ĶԻ¶һĨЦĨɱԼ˵ĺܼ򵥣ô
λ̨ߡŷתҪߣһסŷ硣
һʥ꣬ͷ񻷣쳣ǿ
ʲôŷʵ겻򵥣ΪϹŴ񾳽磬һսȴǿˣ˵Ѫùŷɫ΢΢ء
ҸоǳҪ㽻ѡǸ국һЦŷ߹ȥ
ŷüͷŶԷһԷҪѣŷԻڵһʱµĹ
˼Ҳ㽻ѡŷ˵
ΪʲôǸһ㶡
óû˰ŷ¶һĨЦЦá
ҡͷŷȻΪŷ硣
˻һŷ΢΢һУĶŶԷʶң
ŷк˸ʱ׹ŷˣϽ˵ҲĵˣȻ֪ݣǾԲ˵ȥ
ƾʲô㣿ŷ˵
ƾˣͬʱҲīĵˡ국һЦ
壬һŷû˵ࡣɫɻ󣬵ȴĽ͡
ʱѪΪ󣬵Ѫ֮£м壬һ壬ԻѪĹѪҪɾͻߣЧҵĶ󡣡국˵
û˵ŷ粢ŶԷĻ
ȻԻѪģô¹ȥˣǵҳϣδشڣŷ粻ɵӣȻŶԷĻ
ΪߣѹһеУŻη塣
ھ˴˵ĶģûмٻǾݻѪʵӵߡЦ˵
ŷ絭һЦĲΪȻ
껹˵ŷֱ˵ˣʲô࣬ڶҪˣҲκ˺
ŷķǳףΣȻĶԻѪĹǴȻҲǵųӱ˴սŻˣôΡ
ĿŹŷȥû׷ȥĿ˸֪ŷ糹뿪֮¶һĨЦݣѪȻѱģֻǲ֪ܹάֵʲôʱһ죬ǵġ
Цһת뿪͸ղº͵òȫһ
ʱѾ߳ԶĹŷ磬ɫ¶һĨЦ;öԷ⣬Ȼһ
νˣȻ֪ڴʲô⣬ǿ϶⡣
ŷҲɻԼαֵġ
۾Լһһɨܿ죬ŷоڣһ޵һֱԼģԼߣ
̫ˣԼκõ˼㡣ʱŷ緢֣ʱˣҪȥ
𣿡ŷЦüĵСֱ߳罣һն
һҽУȻѪ𲻼
ճһУһ߲ҽУԴͻȻըѪմȾһءһ̣ͷ­޸ֻɫЩ԰ףеⰵ˲١
һŷ硣߾̾һ˿䡣
ףôˡһŶ룬صѪʱ򣬶ʱһ
ٹŷ磬ղӴʱˣԲҵҵһͨһˡ˵
һ¶𺳵ɫǺεʵͨһĸףֱЩ˼
Ҫ֪ĸףһ۷ʵУҲڼǿġ
ŷʵֱ˵̬ݣǧҪ˽ܹɳһû֪ҿԿ϶ϹŴ񾳽磬ܹѹǿˡ߼϶˵
Ļ϶̲סȻ˵ĸǿǲһǿߣҲڶĴڡ


1272 ɱī
Ҳ¶һĨ𾪵ɫǸȴǲΪϹŴ񣬵Ǿʵܹһףû˵
߶Թŷ̫ߣߵ궼š
һŷʲôر뵽ǱȴûзԼ׵Ļ
һۣΪĸףβ֪˼̾ϢԼӣһ涼Ƕģһ㲻̫ãǾ̫ˡ
˰֣ԼĶ뿪ҪϢˡ
ڴʱĹŷ磬һ󣬱ջԪ񣬵ĿĿԼŷɫһһߡ
ЩһǸܵһɿµϢӹŷϱԲܹģ˶뿪Ҵ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣת뿪
ʮյʱ䣬תۼīҪ뿪ݣûͣûлΪԼһǿߡ
˺ѿռ䣬һ̤롣
ʱһӰǵѷ죬ȻֱӸƽ˿ռ䡣
䡣
˺ݺײһ
īĿأ͵ϮԼ˵ϣ¶һɿµɱ⡣
ǹŷ硣ī˵һ۱ϳ˹ŷݡ
ɱ㣬̫֣׷ɱһˣͣ׷ɱҵĺӣŷǳ䣬Ҫһ
īЦһһЦЩ̵ĶŹŷ磬Сͷ˰ɣȻҪɱ㣬ƾһ𣿡
Ƶһ֣һ
īֶΣסҲͱʾĹ쳣µģȻŷ綼ҪԴȻпҪޡ
ܳʱˣȻԼ֣ǾȥɡīվϹ˸µĵ绡γһأצ쳣
Źŷ磬СʵϾݵĸǰµǿߡ
ǾԵ˭ɱ˭ŷЦȻ˹ȥƽѪһ£ŷֻ֣غɱ⡣
Ȼ꾭𶯣ҪīȻ
ڻУչ˿µײ
ߡ
īЦһ㣬һ绡ɵȥֻײһһ̣īɫٴεǵסֻء
е͡ī۾һС
ֹһ͡ŷЦ
īתգŷ˫һ˳ȥīɱ˹ȥ
Ϊ޵Сī˫׹˸һ׵磬ֱӽû
ݺȴ岻īķӡīһȣ顣
ŷ磬ΪԼһܹһѪϴǰˣҸ㣬ΡīЦ
ŷһīȻ֪Լ游
游һнһܣҾɱ㣬Ǳҵĳޡī˵ŷȥ׺ƣµ˼㡣
Ȼ٣Ȳīϵ׵磬Ȼ֣׹£ŷû
䡣
ŷ籬ѪһȭԶսƿ׹⣬īȥ
ײһǽսŷ࣬ǴʱȴѹƲī
壬ҵʹǿģҲˣ㾹ȻҪѹңֱЦīӦŷͼ̲סЦݡ
ŷû˵ֻǳʱһȭ۾棬ֱӽīһèۣʶһ㣬ԴҪ顣Ȼˣīһֱ۾Ҳ࣬Ǹոպͻһһ
㣬
īûָŹŷ磬ɱڡ
ŷЦ֣ʽͬҲ쳣޳ܣȫīīûֱ¡
콵
ī̲סŷ𿪣ȻʩչνףȻ׹⣬۳ΪһȻŷ䡣
µ׹⣬ֱ˻磬˲֪ٴϡ
ŷɫأҵһХٴδֻء
䡣
µײŷɳȥѪϢҡһν֣ŷ·磬ʵ϶Էʵ֮ϣһǷǳġ
ѡ
ŷȣһֶϻʹīϳֵơ
𡣡ŷٴδȣһֶϻꡣ
īը飬Ԫ񷢹⣬γһµĹ⣬סеĹ
ڣīָֻϢ΢һ㣬Ȼ˵Ҳһ˺
㾹Ȼҵ壬ī
ѡ
ŷȳһһֶϻꡣ
ꡣ
īո۳壬ٴѡ


1273 Χ
ͬʱŷҲһѪɫ΢΢Щ԰ס
īԪ𶯣ٴ޸ĶŹŷ磬˵ٳְ
ŷȻٳ֣һֶϻ꣬һֻ顣Ѿʩչ˼ޣʼܵˡ
Ȼ㲻֣ܳǾȥɡīЦ
׹
īĺ֮ȫ׹⣬磬ֱӽŷûСЩȫޱȣÿһܹһϹŴ罻һȻԶס
ŷ粻ʱĿѪ嶼⽹ۣգѵĶ˶ԷĹīϳԾɫŷ¾졣
µĹ˳īɫһγһ׵֮ǽҪסŷĹ
¾׵֮ǽһʱ䣬Ž׵֮ǽȻֱӺīϡ
īɳȥڿѪ䡣
ŷһϢһйĵ˼㣬Ȼûм֡
ҶЩԾҲ͵ΪֹɡīõǵѪЦ˵
Ȼˣս٣״̬ȴȹŷ̫ˡ
𣿡
ŷЦīһϽͣס˽ŲɣǿߣͷҲѹ׵ı£ܹԼ֮ǰشһˣ߽Էߡ
ѡ
ŷ֣֮ϣ·˳ȥ֮ϣҪ߳һΣµĹһгɻң֮ǰ֪ǿ˶¡
ŷһֱɵĸоȻڵʵȻ޷һУùŷޱȵĳԾ
׻𶯣ؾʮ𡣡īɫأƵ˸·䣬Ҫ赲ŷĳѡ
һµײŷֱӱ飬ѪȾһƬء
īҲܣԡѪԴܴˣ˵Ϣ½͵㡣Ȼīû뵽ŷ羹ȻܹԼսһز
һ㵹ȥ
īȴ¶Цݣŷ类ɱˣˣȻˣҲǼֵõġ
վˣԵ˶ҪīЦɫ䣬мɨ˹ŷըǸתҪ˺Ѵ뿪
Ҳʱһ𣬴Խ˺ʱͿռĽޣֻһ˲䣬īǰ
īһֱӱµļ⣬ֱһ˲һľѪġ
īҽУĿǵһŭ˭ҹ
һħ˳Է֮īȻӡУԼʶһꡣ
˭ī۾
ҽԯݺᣬɱġԯݺῪڣеչ⣬ָΪ֮󣬴ʱչֵơ
ԯݺеչʱī̲ס˳񹭡
û뵽ҲʶԯݺЩȵ˵
Ǵתīɫ粻
֮綼ڴ̣еǿ߶֪һˣ乭գ¾ա
տɲһ̫ǣµǿߣÿһеٮٮߡ
Ĵ࣬Ѿˣԯݺᡣԯݺᵭ˵ٴ乭ֱīһ
īڷӦ˵ȻĴิҲ˵ܹɱңοֻһתڲŸոս硣
Ȼ˵īԯݺĹһ߶ȥϾ񹭵Ŀ£ֻҪǸˣ֪ģղīҲᵽˣȻӲ
䡣
ԯݺһīԯݺɱ˹ȥ
ԯݺЦײǼҲɱ
գԯݺᱬˣѪϳּѪۣһ㱻塣
˵ƾһҲɱңֱЦīЦǿޱȣȻսҲѹԯݺᡣ
ԯݺЦм˵˭˵ֻһˡ
ʲôīɫ
һӰӻ߳ɫսףѪ죬ϴһĨЦݣ˵īղɱһǲǸоˬ
ŷ磬ûī¶ŵɫ
һ߷뵽ŷĻīǳ鴤оһ裬ԼȻһս˰졣
㶼ûأôŷЦ
īһŹŷԯݺᣬɫ˵ȻƣһĵҽսΧңҽǱˡ

ŷ˵ϣһԥûС
īԲīӳȥ
ŷ磬֪ھܹɱңûֻǵĸ߸ϣѵͲ£ī˵µƽˡ


1274 ߽
Ȼɱ㣬ǾûʲôõĵġŷЦᣬ˸⣬
īɫܵŷͲΪκζҡ
ԯݺ乭һµļ⣬񷡣
ŷֻ̧֣ظ֣أȸղŻҪǿƣɱӿ綼飬ܲס
ս棬Խʮ硣
ī𣬻⣬ɫѿµĳ䣬ӭˡ
䡣
һ죬īɳȥѪµ˿ڡ
ɱ
īŭŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷȻ壬ϻս׷⣬īսһɱ쳣ʱīŷ֣ŷϴŵģȻǻսס
¶һĨȻɫ֪ԼһΣˡ
ಡ
죬ֱ˹˶Уŷ߶սսףסµһīȴҽУըһ㣬ⰵٴܵ˴ˡ
Ȼ۷״̬Ҳδܹסŷԯݺ֣οڣǹŷԯݺĶˡ
īͣıɫ˸ųִ֮ɴݻһУȴס˵Ĺ
䡣
ŷ˫ӡ¾īķѡ
ѵĸգȻӲԯݺļ⣬ٴκɳȥһս̫ˣīŭȣ˼㣬Ҫȥ
ʱߣɡ
Ѫն磬ī棬īٴαɱԪ𶯣ɲǼ޸
㹻ǿīѾ֪˶ٻˣȻˣʱҲһĵĸооԼҪ;ƿˡ
īɫұ䣬γδȥŷսףǺֱײԯݺ乭ɱûκλᡣ
սͷīŭ𣺡Ǳҵġ
ŷһʱ¶Ȼɫ֪īҪʩչʲôѹ׵ľˡ
µգȻŷǶ̲סɫͻƵߵĽѣġ
ǿߣҪΪߣ˳ƶΪֱӳɾͻ֮λûнѣ綼޷쵽ͬڤһҲһЩˣսߣǱľȴﲻǿǿ»߽ѣֻҪȥԳΪߡ
ȻīûдﵽǸ磬߽ѣ˵һ¡
µĽƷ£Ǵ˹ŷ翴ԯݺһۣߡ
ԯݺͷתߡ
ڹŷ磬ֱӳУסī
īףǴʱҲĻڣһˣŷ¶һĨЦݣȻŷ˹ȥ
µ׵磬ŷ硣
ս׷⣬׸գֻ߽ѡȻˣҲһûŷУܴͣ
ŷҧīսһ߶սݻֻأɱԷ
磬ɱ⣬īûȥǼµһĻããɱ綼ˡ
īڹŷͨз׽䣬ɱŷ硣
ͬʱɣŷѪˡ̶ֳȵ׵磬ʹ޷ӣΪѾ˹ŷļޡ
ͬīһ׵ǿߣҲ޷׵֮Ҵһ
׹ɣŷѹƵļվѵߣгħįɱȥ
䡣
īͬɱȥһȭȻסħȻսһ
ڽ֮£ܴͣŷᣬʩ֣ȳһֶϻ꣬īԪ񶼱ˣգīǶסˣȻޱȣȻͬʱЩŷɱ˹
ԯݺվԶ乭˹ڼʸոսƵķΧڣ㱻ˣͬʱһµ׵磬ԯݺ˹ȥֱӽ飬һ㽫ɱ
ԯݺɫ䣬޸ٴԶһ㣬ٳ֡
֮£ǹŷīսȫǻڡٵԽԽȻԯݺǿߣҲֻܹȵĹ⣬ȴ˵ӰһɫȻ
֮£Ѿˡ
ûдﵽǸ磬Ҫɻʣô׵ģµĽѣȻеǿߣҪ䡣
ȹ߽ٵˣһǿߡ
һӰз˳ս׶ЩˣڣܵΪصĴˡ
ҲʱʧǴûдڹһ
һبűڵĵϣһѣ˵ϡ
īˡϢ˲䴫ˡ


1275 ƾ
˷ڣ綼ˡһǿޱȵĴڣһȻˣʵ̫ˡ
˭ɱģ˶ڲ²⡣ԤУһȷѪ꼴綼ð
ٹŽ綼վ˳Լûйϵ
ȱ̬±ɣʱһϮ˵һѡ
ȻħĿ¹Ž磬ʱҲվ˳ƺûйϵ
¥ŷһУѪԼϵơ˵ʵ̫ˣʱòרơ
ڵɽ磬ŷûлȥ֪Լɱī϶ᱻȥɽ磬˵ὫɽǣУǹŷ粻뿴ġ
ɽȻǿƣվȱ߾ǿߣֻڤһˣǵס˵ġ
Ҿƴǿ֮ɽ硣ֻǿ
̾ԯݺ̸
ԯݺһļһȻͷ￴ۣ˼һ֪
Ҳ֪ôˡЩĵʵ
ʵϣŷҲܳʱ䡣īɱ϶ǿ߳Ѱò˶ãܹҵط
Ѳɱī֣ʱȻٶ죬˵塣ʵ̫ˣ˶ˡ
һɱبδе飬׽˼ŭˡܶಿīľɲҪīҪҵ֡
ģǼһģ˵ġԯݺᵹһ㶼⡣
ŷ籾һҽɣлѪֻҪĳҪָֻʱ⡣
ʵϹŷƿƺأǶ˵ʵָѣֻҪ̵ܶʱ䡣
룬ʲôЩȵʵ
⣬ԯݺ˵Цһû˵
ԯϲģСǿءһŷϺЦȻѾȬˡ
ûˡﾪϲ˵
ûʲô£оһϴøǿˡŷЦ޸Ȼ֮ͨڵǿ󣬿Ʋࡣ
һ¡۾һЩĽ˵
ԯݺῴһۣ˵ûǱˡ
ΪʲôЩ˵
΢΢鴤һ£ԯݺЦұһУһ㱻ɱˣҲָǿ󣬵ûǲҪԵΪãһһ̬
զ࣬һȻͲһҪԯݺǿе㲻ˡԯݺʵԲҪǿһ㣬һȻܶʱȽϽȴΪԯݺᶼסĶԼܹסˡ
˰ɣӦûǸֵġЦ
뵽ŷ绹кīսԼ͹ŷĲ࣬жˡȻǻս׵ĻŷҲ϶ס
֪㳣ֵ֣ѾΪֻҪ۷壬߲ΪעҪʮĤݣûбҪðաԯݺЦ˵
ŷЩȵԯݺᣬⲻ˵Ļ
ҪңΪԽߣԽþηˣ߾磬ôܹȥģͬīһﵽļޣһҪ䣬Ȼ룬мܹﵽľ硣ԯݺᵭ˵
Ļŷ綼˵ͷֻо߽٣ֶ֪Ŀ¡Ȼ룬мܹڤֻ
ˣô࣬߾һңԶһôΪϹŴ˵ɡŷЦ˵
˻һԯݺͷﶼ̲סһۡһŸ߾磬սܹɱһֱ̬˼㣬Ǻܴ
ɱôоԼΡԯݺЦ
Ҳָоûм̬ļһЦ
˶һۣԷеĿɬ͹ŷȣνĽܳĲʲô
磬ҲֻйŷһˣĳɾͰɡԯݺ˵
ˣʵϻһˡ
ŷһ⡣
ŷĻԯݺ˶ЩˣŷȻһˣ
֪ģһˣҹҪħǿߣһ߾ߣ߽ײɱ¡ŷ˵
˻һ𾪡
ŷ߽ףѾɱһЩϲˣԷһȻƽ𺳡
Һһȴħǿꡣ˼


1276 ֲ
ʲôӾŷ綼ˣҹǿ֮ҲʹﵽҹǸҲˡ
Ǵʱȴ˵ҹҲǿģħ绹бҹǿĴڡ
˵ħһµǧǰˣʹɣǿ˼㣬ȻҹĶ֣֮ͬбѹЦ
ãȻ죬Ҳŷ磬ŷ˵ҹһܹ߽һս뵽һˡ
ʹɣŷɻѪԷʹɣѵһ
˵ʹɵˣκξ綼޵еģǻߵãĳ˵ǻߵȻѪҪǿ󣬱ϾѪδɳ˵һ㶼û©Լ֪Ķ˵˳
ŷͷɫƽЦ˵лᣬǿԺһս˭ͬ޵С
ȻʹǣѪҪǿ󣬲ҹǼһ̬ûϷ̫ˡ˵
ԯݺҲͷδ֮ͬУ˭ܹѹƹŷ硣Ҳһŷ紦ͬһ磬ҲǹŷĶ֡
ЩҪ뿪ˡŷЦ˵ɻʹǵԺħעǶ֣Ҫϡ
һ·أҲˣĻùĿ¾ҪˡЦ
ŷԯݺ̲סЦˣŷһ£ֱͳһ̳ƣӸ˷
Űɣѣʲô鷳ң˹˼ŷЦ˵
ｫƽУ¶һĨЦݣݺݵĵͷ֪һιŷĳѵĶݣ˵˵һҡ
ŷԯݺ뿪뿪ãλֱ߽¥֮ɫ΢䡣
ʲôʵԼ˲ȻԷǷΪǣݣʵĵλҪĸ֮ϡ
ҵɱī˵䣬Ǿͣĸһֱۣӿ˵
īɫ¶һỊ̃Ц˵˼ǵ˼˵īйϵˣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǶīеĲȻˡ
Ĵһۣһ˵ǲĻǲ̽һ˵¶һĨŭ⣬ȻԷǳˡ
Ѳʲôأʵ
ѲѲʲôʲôǸ˵ǿӲ˵
ĻﲻŭЦˣЦ˵ûгΪĸˣӻǣǲҪ
˻һ˱ɫŭŷ
ȷʵûгΪҲеʲôҪĳԱԼ׵ݾҪΪΪڻ̫ۡһĮӰ𣬴ſڽһ꣬һָ֪Ļˡ
֮󣬷ɫıˣ˵
ңÿҪҶ֡ǿӲ˵ͲС
Զ֣ҪúЦ˿á
кһҪ֣Ҳʱһϰѵ˹ɨŵأȻ˾һۣ˵ÿ
ղŻǿޱȵľʱȴ·˹һЫһıܿ
㣬㻹û̲סһ˫Ӷɫ
Ŀ˾һۣ˵˵ʲôҪɻ͹ٲѣ뿪Ū˵طҪµĴɨ
Ļ鶼ɳˣŵĶʲôݣȻǿƣԾԷУһͷӡ
Լ¥УʲôʱһλܣЩ˼顣
ɫ粻ҪѲ飬֮ɫ쳣ѿ֪һЩʲôǾ˵ҪѲĻ
ֻˣ֪Ƕôֲһڡ
̫ţһʲôҲ˵ĸʱЩԸˣǵӣӾȻһɨص̫Ÿ۸ˣ̡
һڱȻûпԼӵľֵɫ
ˡ
ͬʱԼ³ȥҪǰ档
񣬸˵еֱɨ˳ȥֱǸͨ㣬ǻǸϣֱӽˣǸԪ¶ֵɫҪӳȥ
ȥһ죬һԪʹʧ


1277 һ
ɫ࣬Լµǰ棬ɫгɱ⡣
ҪôһҪˣҲɵˣʱڶˡһ˵˵ĻȻƽȴסˡ
ǺˣˣǾԵٮٮߣʵЩǾԵǿߣȻκǿߣû˸˵ɱǻ֣ܹ߳С
ǰ赭д˵һ䣬Ҫɱ⾪סˡ
΢һֲǱס˻ġɫڵ˼㣬ĿһۣȻתߡ
ɴ۾ԼֵܵĳѵͲˣ
ѿɫҲˣǰԵǲãҪ˱ܣʵֲ̫ˡ
ɫηҲͬ뿪
һˣһ仰û˵뿪
ɫ𺳣г˾η
ϰ壬ûµĻȥˡ˵Ҫߡ
ǰ΢΢ԥǺһǿߣɨв
ǶԷղų֣϶ҪԿɲɵˡ
ʲôʣ㸸ֻ֪ҪףҾԲ˺ˡڣ˵Ȼ뿪ˡ
Լ֪Ĵڣ÷һֻҪԷʲô˾С
ֻУҲ˺棬Բһˣ϶żͷ
ƽ磬ŷ罵٣գѰµ䡣
һ嫵ĹŽ磬ǿƣܶϢùŷ綼𾪣УＸϽˣޱߣǿƣ뿪֮ʱϽ磬ǿ˲֪ٱ
ŷֻͷһ˲䣬˻ӦвǿߣȻ쵽
Ƿǳ˵飬Ҫ֪һǿߣѷֹŷġ
ԯݺŷ粢ȣǿʮڲ
ߣȥǸ򡣡ŷָһӦǿ棬ǿ
ʱ򣬹ŷЩȣһ˵ˡ
һֹϹŴ֮һʱȻ֣ΪͻƵ硣һսԡѪɱ
ħͷҪɱҵӣҪѪծѪһɫߣԷս
һаϢЦ˵һǸӲϸƤ⣬ζرϲ֮ǰǾʵ̫ˬˡ
Ҳģֻȴǳϣ¶ű̬Цݣһͨ졣
һɫ࣬ŭŶԷƬƬĻ洹䣬ҪɱԷǶԷס
Ϊ൱һҪ΢һ㣬һ죬ոͻƲãĶ죬һƴѾ·硣
ҵ֪˭һҳĵӣǸӣҪҪһҽǿɱˡԷЦţһ񣬳˺˵ɱ
Ļһ¶һĨмɫЦ㲻ҪװˣΪҲ֪õǸټ׷ҵסôʱ䣬Ѿо˰ɣѾ뿪ˣ
һЦĶɫ׵ĳȷʵͬһ˵żޱȡղ˵ôһʵҪһϽõûǿԮΪ±˷˹ͣ͵͵ġ
һ𣬼ȻͲҪԹˡǸ˴ŭаϢŨһ֣Ҫ콫һɱ
ŷ籾ߣǵ˵ĶԻʱֱͣסˡ
꣬˵Ĳ
뵽ŷԯݺ˶һۣ֡
䡣
һֻѹ£Ǹа棬֮ϣƽӿƣҪѹ
ʲô
Ǹаɫһ𣬼⣬Ҫȥ
һжͽͣǿƣֱӽѹȻһץУһһֽűһǶԷĶ֣ڣȴױץסˣʵ̫ˡ
һȻԷûԼ֣һȴҲұ֤ԷǲǵˣתҪߡ
ٸҶһ£ұ֤һ̾ڡһ漴һ㷢֣Լˣɫ쳣ÿվûж
תֵ˵ʱһ̲סʧŷ硣
һٶ겻ɰŷЦ


1278 Ҷ
һЦû뵽ֵ˾Ȼǹŷ硣˵˵ˣѰֻأֵ̫ˣŷҲС
Ǹʱֻһܹѹƹŷ磬ȴһˣһ۹ŷǸаһһڿˮ
ǺþòĲ㡣һЦȻ磬޷͹ŷȣԷ̫ˡ
ҲӦòңֻһ⣬ǸղſеǸ꣬ǲ£ŷ綢һʵ
һüŹŷ˵ѵҲǾ˵߹ҪԸǸꣿ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣һʲô˼Ȼά
ʶŷʵ
ҽֵܡһ𿪿ڣ˵ĻùŷĿɿڴ
¾Ȼһ˽ֵܣʮ
ǸаףֲһһֱԼΪĵӱɱҪΪǸ꣬һϵ
ŷ磬޵£׷ɱһ꣬ʵ̫ˣҲһαǵ߹һüͷ˵
ԯݺ̲סЦ˳һһʵ̫ˡ
ҺйϵѵûиݣŷЩʵ
һһ㶣Ȼҡҡͷ˵ǿ٣Ҫģڹؼʱ̾ңǲŽݳֵܣûֻ֪ˡ
ԭ¾Ȼһľˣŷڶˡ
Ц˵Ҷӡ
ʲôһһ㶣ɫŹ֣Źŷ磬һֱĸо
ŷ磬̫ˣ֪ʵǿڲĶ֣Ҳҡһŭ
ùŷ˵Ķӣʵһ𣬱ϾղŲ˵Լ³Ϊ˽ֵܡ
ŷЦã֪һˣԼͲǸ˼
ҵĶӡŷЦ
һɫ࣬ŭŹŷ磬ȻǲˣҺƴˡ
˹ŷ緢˹
աһµĻ磬ŷУһжɻ飬һµ飬˻¡
ŷδ֣ϵսս׷⣬סһС
侲һ㣬ȷʵҵĶӣŵĻ㿴ŷ翪ڣ˫ӡݻսһɿµϢ𶯰ǧ硣
սһ𾪣ܵϤζģַţǿ˼㡣
ദһʱˣȻ˽ַţҲ˵״ڸġ
һʱ룬µĸףһһˣҲĴڣû뵽µĸ׾Ȼǹŷ硣
µĸףһЦ
ŷͷһЦٰ
һջԼĹŹŷ磬ɫӡǴӶսУܹоŷȣĳɳˣʵԺ磬ǻ֣߳Ȼûʲô˿ɱŷ硣
ڲŸ߾磬ϹŴ֮󣬻ǶǿƣҶܹµ
ǸԳƺУϾ˵ʵǰˡŷЦ˵һ仰⿪һΡ
˵ͷһ˹ŷһ˵Ҵȥ¡
ô죿ŷʵڶԷϣܵħϢ֪һħǿߡ
ɱˡһкһ
ŷԥֱӽԷ飬иһ΢͵ֻأڶԷʵĴУԷԪ顣
һɫ¶һĨ⣬ŷ˵ͷȻǰ·˴ԽɵһɽСһ˫ֽӡȥһŻͷȥ
ŷԯݺ˸һ·ȥ
һС磬ΣұõĴһͻƣϹŴ١
ʱǽ֮һȴɫѿ
ŷԯݺᣬҲɫ΢䡣
ȫΪһƬ棬Ѫкܶǿ߷ʬߺϹŴ񾳽ǿ߶С
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ɫѿûиܵµϢֻֿܣһ±ɱˣӳȥˡ
˭һ쳤Х
ŷû˵˫ӡתʱ⡣
ŹŷĻС綼𶯣ǰȴһƬհס
ôͨһжĨˡһŭ
ܹĨһеģֻǿߣҲ˵֣ڹŷ˵ԲһϢµʵԲĶ֡
ߡ
ŷߣٴγ֣µĻѪڣС綼Ҫˣŷ˫ӡһУҪԭһС
һӿµ˼㣬һģľ𽥵


1279 
ǳпᣬһӰڲͣɱսȾѪα顣ͷŻƽâԶսɨ֡
һǿ䣬µĽ£ԼҲܵ˿µش
գ߶ɱʱһֱ֣ӽ´úɳȥ
쵰һ
ŷҲϳǸˣǰֹͬİҲ磬ʵǿᣬ¸Ƕ֣ˣüζһ㱻ɱ

ŷͨ죬ȭͷĽأǰһĻ
ֻ֪յľ֣ŷ϶֣˺Ƭ
º·ǳȻˣ˾Ե·磬Ȼ֣Ӳ֡ɫм˫֣һδεĽ»ˣȾѪһ䡣
Сӣˣͷ­һáͻȻڣץ˹ȥҪնͷ­
Ҳʱ±Ϣ˲˺üȻֱ֣ӽúɳȥӶˡºͣһʧ
ĨһУȻ׷ȥ
һУΪֹ
ŷɫ࣬ȻҲĥ£ǾԲ뿴۸֮ͬ˳֣ŷһ仰УǶԷһȴһ׵С֣ʵ̫ˡ
֪ȥһ˼һᣬͻȻɫһ˵
ŷһϽһ
ǧܳʲô⣬ȻĻĲ֪ˡ
ԯݺʵ
ء
һüͷ˵ɫȫǵǡ
أƺȻʲôõطҿһӣܿ£һùͷһ׵ʿȥ󣬶벻ʲô³
ƽĽأ˵д컯ܹ˳ɻʣôܶ˽ȥȴδʧУ֤ʵˡһ˵
ҪʧŷԯݺһۣԷеľڳΪߵĴ컯ǵǲ⡣õһ컯ܹΪߣ»ѾˣһֻвһЩˡ
ȥءŷ˵ԥ
á
һ𿪿ڣȻԽؼɵޱȣǻѡǰ¾ȹܣĿݾء
뿪С磬һĴ£һ˹ȥ
һ·ϣǷֺܶǿߣȫǺǵķеķһ¡
ŷǶһۣԷеأѵ˵±٣Щ˶׽ġ
ԣƽǿߣôģǶԾû̫ĺøУӦб顣һùŷǷġ
ŷͷȻе㲻վǷˡ
λ֣Ƿʲô飿Ϊʲôô˶أһסһϹŴǿʵ
ԷһһסԼһһҪȾܣһ̬ȺͰ֮һ
һ⣬ϹŴ˵ǰѵ֪֮г˱ʣһʿȥǿ˴컯еõϢƽǿߣǱ߸ȥҪ컯
컯ǸõˣһһϽʵ
Ǳµõ컯鷳ʹˣҪԵƽǿߣʱȻǿƣҲȲ¡
ûУ컯Ǹûеõ컯ԴҲǰҪϹŴ͵
ԭһԭ򣬹ŷǶһۣԷеҡ
Ǹأŷʵ
ЩĿ˹ŷһۣǸϹŴɫ΢΢ЩмȻԹŷߵΪǿ𡣲ڲ࣬ϹŷͬУϹŴҲұֵ̫ԣشǸǿ߱һ׷ɱ˽϶ˣ޾Σգȥˣ޷߳
ʲôŷɫѿɢɷʱϹŴһ
ŷ֣ԼΪߵļһȻ˿µϢһľĸо
֪Լˣǰֻиߵʿһµǿߡ
лˡ
ŷϵɷһżգϹŴлԷæ˵ңȻ뿪ʧǵС
С²ģǸϽȥҪȥС´ˡŷ
áԯݺͷ
һҲû˿ԥһǳˣȻܿΣУȴʲôҪУ¾ȳ
ȥ֮ǰɱ˰ԯݺῪڣƽȴ̺һɿֲɱ⡣


1280 
һ͹ŷȫͬǶ԰ɱ
ǰ֣ҲᱻУȻδȥֵط˭ܹ˵׼ȻǽȥˣҲδܹҵ¡
ǰһ˸֮磬һ˵ֲȱС磬ǿ󣬵ǹŷǸոսӽоһɿµϢȻǿ߶̲סľϢ
浽ʲôŷ̲סʡ
Ϣǿˣִž˵ԹԵúܿ¡
ȻδȥԿʱǿޣԾҪ硣
ƲƵ磬ȴ̺һֲԣȻЩ޳Ҳֺܺ
˭Ҳ֪ʲôֻ֪˿ԽȥȴƵ磬ȻڻٵˣǻһֿµĹЩޡһͣĹʧ֮һֱƽ磬Զ˽ķǳ
ܹĵطŷͷ
ʱһЦһ꣬ɫȻмĿ˹ŷһۣЦһ߾ȻҲֱ̫Цˡ
ŷ΢΢üû˵ʱ֦
֣Ȼᱩ¶ݣҲʱвҪ鷳Ͼ߾磬ܹɱĴڣҲֻйŷһˡ
㲻Ļͱĳ졣ԯݺ˵һǿƣԷֹȥ
߸ģǿߣܵԯݺĶһͬǿϢ
ԯݺϢײһ̲סһ
ԯݺվûκζᣬŶԷǸɫ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻ˺ݲӣԷոս磬Ȼܹѹ£սʵ̫ˣЩľ
λֵܣ㲻Լе̫𣿡˵
ԯݺüͷһ壬ԼһƳ˳ȥУֱһɵƣԼƣȻ˵
ԯݺᶯ֣üͷһЦΪ𣿡
ͬһֺֻȥָǺӸ֣һִպգѹ¡

һ굹ˣԯݺҲüͷһ壬˺˺üüͷ꣬ԷʵԺһϸ¡
ֲôʱ
񹦣Ǵáһɫ΢΢һ䡣
һЦȻ˵˴Ӷ졣
˻һ𵹳һĲ²⾹Ȼˡ
ŷԯݺǶһۣǲû˵ʲô
Ȼ֪ҵݣǾӦףǲк³ģϽģҲһһЦ˵ĿɨԯݺᣬƵζʮ㡣
ԯݺɫһҪ
ӴǣⲻǵĶɶʱˣƽ۸ˣ㻹潫ﵱĵˣ
𣬶ɫ΢䡣ȻԷһۣתߣֱӳ˽С
ùŷǿЩ㶣ղŶǿƣǿǿеģڶԷȴͬɥ֮Ȯһֻʶӣʵе㲻˼顣
ǽĿתƹȥſһɫеŮӣĵɫߣǿ߻ƣһĵɫ
ŷЩȵķ֣ЩĵǿͶӦöһЩ콾ǧʱ򣬳ΪǿߣˣӦöޱȵİģǴʱȴȫûһ㽾ӣǷһΧһŮˣ໥֮˵⡣
ԯݺῴŮһۣ΢΢ͷл
ղŮӳ֣һսز٣пܱ¶ŷݣŮӵĳ֣ǰһæˡ
лң㵨ӿǺܴ֪ǴãȻҺ֣ͻϲ¸ҡŮЦ˵

һͻȻһ
˭ŷЩȵʵ
һı֣ԷһŮˡ
ƽһŮ׷֮ͬ꣬б޵еǰ׷ߣÿʱÿ̶ٻźüһΪŷ͡
ƽһŮŷĿһۣƲƲ죬ŮȻƯǺļŮȣҲûоԵƣ֮ҪƯϲ١
һŷɫ֪뷨пЦãŷһĿ˵޸˫ˣ檳ȺͲ˵ˣһ֮Ůһ֮òǹ࣬һ˵ĳƺ֮϶ҪĶ࣬Ҳѹ̫


1281 ·
ԯݺĻûʲôоֻǵ˵л
ʲô̬ȣûС𣿡ߵһ˵ղ佱ԯݺʱѾвˣʱñ
Ŀһۣԯݺû˵ֻϵ΢΢𶯣һɿµϢǸһʶĺ˼
˼Цŭ֪Լһζ˶ˣȻͬļһˣԺе󣬿϶˹ȵס
뵽ɭȻĶԯݺᣬ˵㾹ȻҶ֣ɱ㡣
˵꣬վ˳һ񽣸֣ƣâɣһһն£⾪ļ˷ľ
ԯݺޱ飬ֱ乭һ˳ȥ
ɫļֱӱ齣⣬ȻǸ
ʲôߵЩһû뵽ǰȻǿ
ԯݺһ䴩ݣǿƣȻ֮УҲٮٮߣȴסԯݺһԯݺύ֣ҲǶ֡
ʶһ㣬ԯݺУһĨء
ҲϲɱˣǲҪɱˡԯݺᵭ˵ջչҲԷһۣȻתȥ
ﵢʱ̫ˣԯݺ᲻Ϊ˼޹صˣ˾µʱ䣬һ³ʲô⣬Ƕý
ǸŮˣҪ÷򣬲ȻĻС㡣ŷһ뿪˶ԷһۣһЦ
ЦãҪŷһѵʱͻȻһ¶һĨ˼ɫ
ǡ
˵áŷ絭˵ɨһۣת뿪
˭߾磬ʵ̫ˣҪɱһڣ߹ȥѪ𶯵ضڲҪˡ
ֱӳأûüֹ
һ̣ɳȥһķѣ˵÷ǳءڳֻǿһۣܹǱ˺ġ
ǸˡɫѿѾ׹ŷݡ
Ҫ˵һﲻһƲӣȻҲǺˣԼҧȥɡǸһۡ
Χߵļ;˶ûйϵЩĦЩԷĵ˵
˻һ༸˶ʱ˹ŷݣ߾磬һлһУֻ֪һ˿԰쵽
ȻǸһֲǿơ̾
ֻǰǸԯݺ˵ЩƣǱŷˣ˵ԯݺȻûйŷǸ
ǿ˼˶Էһۣ˵ҪСƸղֵǸˣûпĻеķӦ񹭣֮£Ȼ۷Ҫɫ
񹭣𾪣ڻ֮£Ϊµ֮һˣѾӽ˻һУܷӿµʵ
Ǹԯݺ˵Ȼ˲١
ۣȺ֣ǼһߵˣǱֹ̬쳣ĸ̾
ڹŷǣսزԶ㱻סˡ
˶ŹŷǣЦͬʱǵܣվܹߵķ򶼷ɷסˡ
СӣղãǸɧǣҿ˭ܹ㣬Ҫ˶֪Ҷ죬кýġЦɱ⡣
˶һۣԯݺɫ¶һĨЦݣþƾ⼸ɱ𣿡
һ֪˭ˣֵǣɱǣһΪ빦Ц
ǡ
ȫɫ˷ܣǶŹŷǣϴһĨɱ
ǿԼԸԷˣҶָոսʿֱֵڹŷ磬ǻˡ
ǺܷҵǵʱˣǺܿҪˡŷͻȻڣĿ䡣
Щһû£ϵĳͻѣȻɱˣʵ̫ˡ
ϣ˵ұɱ㡣һðźɫ䣬ŷ˹һֻ£Ҫŷɱ
׳ա
ԯݺῴһۣ³֡
ȻǾ˵ĸǸǿߣҲӹŷ磬һʵȻģǺ͹ŷȣֱһ
㡣ŷЦֱӳ˳ȥѪնڶԷȻУֱӽһ롣


1282 ռ
һɱһǸԪûӳ˺Ȼɫ䡣
û뵽Լһ̵ֱˣȻһ¶Ĵ֣һֱ㾪춯ˡ
˭쾪
ŷ粻˵һ
Ǹɫ԰ףתߣȴŷֱֻ֣޾ɱӿı顣
һɱɫ쳣ѿ
Լߵһۣ˵ϡ
ֱӳȥǶԼӵĻûһɡ
ԼȴֱתܣڹŷչֳսʱѾʶǰ˭ˡ
ап࣬ԼȻһɷǣҲʵ̫ùˡ
ȥһԯݺᵲڶǰ档
ɫѿ˵ҹ
֣һִ̫£ԷһУȻǿߣҲܺӡ
ԯݺɫ䣬תɫĹâֱӳ˹ȥ
գµľ̫
һƵķ֣Լûʲôˣŷ֣ǿƻɱʣµԷһδ
֮ʵžԵĲ࣬޷Ტۡ
п¶ɫһĽԯݺᡣ
֪ԼűΧ֮ǰӳȥǱɵġ
ǲܵġԯݺЦֱԷⲫִ似֮Ľöսп಻ļУҲǲˣܹԯݺȣʦֶοµ˼㡣
챻ѹŴԡѪαҪȥܡ
ŷһΧ£ɫ˹ŷһۣŭǺαظϾɱأ
;һǾ˸ѡߣǻкܴ鷳һ˵Ҳ˵ŷġ
һ𻹲֪ŷѾɱһ˵ĸ
ұ֤Ҹǵ鷳ҹŷѾ;˽ǷҵĻҿҸΪŷ;֮ͺá˵Ϊ˻ʲôӦ
ŷ粻мĿһۣЦ˵һЩų򣬵ӱͬ𣿡
Ȼ֪ŷ˵ʲô飬Щβ˵ɷϣо˵Ĵڣѹһе֣ܶԾѪеˣҲҶˣǵĹĨɱ
ԵΪֹûг׳˵뷨ŷЦ
ĳɳٶȺǱֻҪٻ߾磬ɺɨһе֣ȻǻΣͬһսŷžԵš
ɫѾףŷΣҲܷ뿪ġ
ˣϻҪ˵ˣɱˡŷɫһһһ֣ͬɱ˹ȥ
ǿߣΧɱһˣ˲ʣ˻Ҫȥ
һжͽͣŷ˷أΧУǽֱɱһûС
ߡ
Ӧǿ߸ŷǶһֱۣ뿪
ΧϹŴ񾳽ģֻЩ޶ǿޣȻЩǿߣǡǽͬ޵Уһֱڷ״̬һǲϣݡ
ŷһ·ǰУɱ˲֪ޡȻޣҲɱ˺üͷǵʵǿ𾪣úǵ󣬱һȺˣЩΪߣҪŹŷǿ·ص
ŷҲ⣬ֻǰн
һʱ䣬ǲ˽صĺıԵһ޴ĵ·˵·֮⣬Ĳ֣󸲸ǡ
ڵ·ǰһȺüͷָָ㣬ȴûԸȥԡ
ŷһ۱㿴еһˣǰվһǿߵߣͬһСһ
Ǹǿߺǿƣ棬ϰԼһԿ֮еĵλߣ͵һ
ɫ΢ǸһЩʲôڹŷǵĵûע⵽
˲䣬ŷıԼ󣬲뱻ϳһҲСԼϢҲͬ뱻ϳ
ô죿ԯݺᴫоǸͷĲǶֵĻǲռơ
û뵽ģΪֻһˣȴû뵽ڰ߾Ȼ˶ǿߣóȻ֣ܻʧ
䣬ʵǲУȲɱȽȥС¡ŷ紫˵
ԯݺͷҲֻˣϾ˵ģɱֻΡ


1283 
ڴʱǸ˴ӵŵתһ˫Ӷһϣ˵ҵɱ⡣
һ㡣ɫһ䡣㿴˹ŷ磬¶ɭȻɫ
һ֪ŷµĹϵǰȴ֪ˣԼһۣ˵дˣ˱Сӵĸס
һɫ䡣
ŷ֪Լ¶ˣţԷӣɫƽ
ĿɭȻΪ۷쳣ǿ󡣴ʱüŹŷ磬˵ǹŷ硣
г˰ȻûнŷС
ҵ֣ŷʵ
ȵһˣ˵ǿƣȻǾˣǺܿϧҪˡ˵
ŷһĨЦ˵Ҫɱң
Ϸ;ΪѣҴţѰҵ㣬Ȼɱкܷḻıҡ̹˵ŷ񣬼ֱڿһһ
ŷ粻ǵһ˵֣֪վŵľһλȻҪԼ֣ŷЦ
ɱңŷ絭ʵ
û֮ǰҲұ֤ȴʮİգ治׾ǼһôˣȻһȤ¶һĨмɫ
дԹŷɱɨ˺ܶŽ磬īһЩ£ǱѡͲ̫ţڿŷ粻߾磬͸Ӳˡ
ùŷ͵סԼĻɱֻߵе鷳һ𻹺˵ԯݺᣬȴһַǳΣյĸо
ô磬ֻ֪ʲôʱȻ˾һȺС߹ˣȻҪɱˣɺĸ߰Ըе㲻һεεŮ֣ȻһɫļУȴסľ绪
ŷ翴һۣ΢΢ͷǴкˡ
ԹŷȤŷһۣʱùŷЦãĿΧߵļеĵ⡣
ڸԼгأŷЩƵ
Ҫ£۾һУ˵
һۣҡͷЦ˵ﰡҿɲҵֻǿЩһΪЩҪ˵Ļ˵ҾҪһˡ
ǰҪ£֪ģգкܶ׷ߣҲԸƽϣǴʱȴ̲סЩŭ
ŵɱŷ磬ıֶ꣬ģȻ˴ϣǼĻ˫ͷˣʱδܹռ˱ˡ
뵽ɫѿ
㲻̫̫֣ס㲻ǾûбҪʲô鶼һ֣ŷһҪɱģҪңһɱŭпµ˸Ӵڣ˶һ
һЩϹŴֱӺɳȥǿѪ϶ܲס
СҲҪ̫֣Ҽס㲻ǻߣ˱˵ˡЦǳǿơ
еģҪ֪Ȼϲ£ԷӵĻܶʱҲߣӲǴʱӣȻҪͶԷΪЩһ
ŭϢ죬ſµ⣬һ򣬻ɱʱ¡
շ׷ױ飬Ȼ綼ϣͽ䲻ɱ£ХڣҪ
һֿµƣ΢΢üΧߵļľǿһۣûߵ˼Ҳһҧվߡ
䡣
ŷҲѪ¡綼·˽ɫڻѪ֮²Ҫһ
Ϣתŷս׷⣬Ϣ죬ſµâᴩأ𶯰ǧ硣üģһСŻʣΧħĤݣޱȣоǹᴩ˹Բ
£ŷΧ̫ˣɫܵŷ̺ĿȻ֮һЩŸ߰ı֣ŷΪٽһжǿơ
һǱǿߣ˾Ըֱ档
ŷûж֣Ի󣬸ʵھ档ȣһսûκλʤĻᡣ
ЦЦ˵У㲻Ǻǿôʵˣһҿ


1284 
з̵ĸоɫѿɭȻĿһۣгɱ⡣
ôɱҡɫм
û˵мѣҲҳϡ
ռƣһ֣ùĿ϶ǡ
ǶƽˣαΪһ˳ͷ˵һκûᣬǿΧŷǣлὫŷɱ
˵ŷܹöʵ̫ḻˣ
ҾΪһˣΪѣôһЦĻһһˣŮʵ̫ˡ
㹻ˣûǹ㡣Щ˵
ĻЦˣĿһۣЦ˵֪ɱõĽãǴһֱǺѣֱΪû뵽㾹ȻɱǸʱô˵ͬƽˣŹء
仰һ˵̲סɴ۾ףΪʲôҪ鷳ˣԭΪ顣
ǻɱһǵŮˣֻǾܾ׷󣬶Һŭһʱ嶯֮£Էɱ
û뵽ȻǺѣֲ˲ء
Ļ˶һ£ȻΧߵǼ۾֪ԼֵĻˣֻҪɱһмԼʱ򲻸˵ΪԼŮˣ֮ĹϵһΪǾԿԵġ
еɱ⣬֪ˡ
ȥɡ
ԯݺ˵ֱ乭䣬Ŀ겻ǰ
ŭһһӡȥγһӵĶƣҪסԯݺһ
ۡ
赲Ҳ˰ûȥɫ֣̿ԶȥڵֻҪеӵĶ֪˾Ե·硣
ӵȥһ𣬹ŷ֣סһƳֱӺ˳ȥ嶼һը
ܵشȻûб飬ǴԴȴսһ硣
ʲô˶ɫʲôӵʵƿ£һشֱ̫ˣȻ۷ǿߣҲ˰ɡ
󵨡
ŭпµĹ˸һֵֻѵĳ£ÿһѶ̺žâش
ŷȭֻؾ춯أӲ
һµĴײȻԯݺǶ̲סɫȥһƬռ䲻ȣһȫը顣
ʲô˵нز࣬ȻǿҲԻƣеһһľ֮澹Ȼô˵زһ飬Ҳ̫˰ɡ˾ǶԽضе˽⣬֪жôļ̣Ʋࡣ
һν֣ɫÿûռݵϷ磬ȻԼѹƹŷ磬վǲ̫ԡ
ɱڣΧԼߵļ˵һͬ˹˽Χסˡ
º˵ûʲôǲ̸ģԸ뱾Ǹޣ֣ԸڣڷöԷ֡
һ֣ûκλᣬһŷͺ࣬ټߣǱ
㸴𣿡ʵܹΪһȻĴڣҲܹսպͻƳΪߣ»˿ںɫߣеɱ쳣ᶨ
˵ˣ֪֮䣬ûκκͺõĿܡһѾΪ
뵽ֱӳ֣һȥҪŮӳȥ
ɱ
ǰ棬Ӳһ˽̲סˣվûиˡʱǲ֪սҲС
ȫɱʩչͨΧڹŷ磬ԯݺ֣ļȫɱڰǱŷֱ飬һҶû
һȺˣΪֹֻʣһˡ
ǿʱΧ£ԡѪѾڼΣյıԵˡ
ҲܣϾʵ̫ˡ
ŷվ˿ûаæĴ㣬Щģ˹ŷһۣû˵æ
ŷͷٺЦǴÿģҶҪæġһֵӣһʵ̫ˣȻһ̬ȡ


1285 ϲ
ҲǿЦãһתЦ㿴ûУˣȻģѵ㻹𣿷ңҰɵΪ
ֻһ˵ûдԷš
ϾгԹں޲ɱλὫˡ
ҲţֱӽĻƨһ̣ǵӶһɳˣһ֣ȫ߳ˣһˣվɵۡ
̷ӦûԼ˵ŷɱתӡ
ݡ
ɽһֱִӱ졣
һﶯһµ飬ȥǵ⡣
գⱻסҲĵǶȾѪһ£һˤ
ûκͣԶȥ
˵𣿡ŷ翪ڣĮһɱ⡣
ƽѪŷ֣ضգֱӽ˻
ѡ
ŷ֣һֶϻ꣬Է塣
󾪣Ԫ飬Ҫߡ
ݡ
ԯݺ乭ٴγ֣Ԫ顣ʶ˷ȥҪӳһʶʵֻҪһ˿ʶд棬ԸȻҪʱȽϳ
ŷȻᣬٴγֻ֣شи֣ȻɢһӴЩɢʶȫ˽ȥ

ЩʶγһӰɫ壬˲ʡ֮һǿƽУƶǿߣݺһû뵽ԼȻҲһ죬һǱСɱ
ŷ粻ֻ𶯣ʶ
䣬˵Ķɫ𾪣رƽЩˣ֪ǶôǿԸ𺳡
ñ̬̲ס
ŷһۣû
һЦɫļ֮ȾѪģҲģʱ߹һĨ޺죬Եֱ
ŷ磬ūҷūҿܰˡڣ˵һ仰ʱΧߵɫˣŷУ˵⡣
֮ǰŷǰǿƣǻܹܡǴʱȴ޷ˣ˽ԼĽԲ
ңȻ׿˵ϲŷ磬г˵⡣
ʶڣǵһ˵ԼϲһˡпܣǿЦ仰ġ
ŷ翴һۣ˵˼̫ˣҿϡŷĻĻԷȻǹŷŮˣҲùֻ֣ŷȷʵûһоϹŷҲףŮȻƯǾһ鷳׷̫ˣǺϹϵ鷳⵽ܶ˵ĵӣǼòʧġ
һ㶣Լóô£ǵһ˵ֻ˵ֱһ־޴Ĵ
ʵղֻǿЦֲǻգŷȻٽܳҲΪֻ˹ŷһ棬ϲϹŷ硣
ڣȴһֲԼòܵƣһʤ̬
һҪùŷԼȻڹŷһ̣ת뿪˵ԼϹŷ磬Ȼ
뵽˵𣿿ϲ㣬ͽҰɡ
ŷӣҡͷ
еĵʧ˲٣ŷ񣬻Ǵһ˿衣
ź棬ϲˣŷ˵ֱجΡ
ðɣ֪ڿ϶ûһŵģԸҵʱһΪŮˡ˵ɫ쳣棬˭ãϲϹŷˡ
ֻйŷеһĨʱףѾͷǹġŷҲ·˹ȥ
һ¡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ŷ纰
ŷûǾֱ̤һ·˵ϣŷվ棬ʲô鶼ûУúܶ·˽˶̲סɴ۾ǼԼˡ
·Ǳ·ưȫȴǳΣգȥ֮󣬻ܵĹδܹȻͨĵҲΪʲôǻԭ֮һȻɱ£Ҳõ컯ǲðա
ԣ·û˹ˣѾȫˡ˸Ӧ̲ס˵
˶Ŀȣ֮У̺Ŵ컯úܶ˶ȣǿ߶룬ֻһ·ʵ̫Σˣǲֹڶ˵ֱ


1286 ߱
ͨ컯ǵˣǳȥ˰ˡ
û˶ʲôЦŷվǳȥ϶ᱻᣬȻ󱻻ɱ
ɱˣǹŷĶ֡˭Ҳ컯ǲҲҪȥҲС
ŷ翴һۣû˵ֻкԯݺǣȳ嵽档
߹һ·һ·Ϸƽ˾û˿鷢ŷ粻⣬ѵİȫˣֱȴԼﲻ򵥡
ۡ
ڹŷ˼ʱһ߻ֱӶһ
һƺһӶɿˣѪ⾫
ɫףһһƨڵϡŷϽ֣һƽһǰ飬ǵߴг˳ŷ˹ȥ
ֱֱ֣ǵץУһɾ޴ùŷ綼̲ס˺ü
ɫ΢䣬Ǹߣſʲô
һĽɫӣײޱȣʱҧŹŷƤҪȥ
ŷһһ˫лսױĳӣͶˡ
߱档
һҲ˲һ㽫Լشף¶𾪵ɫ
ŷ¶ɻɫ߱ʲô
һֿ³ӣ֮ͬУ޵У쳣ײУΪԱ߱棬µǣֳӶǳȺӳֵģһ־ǧһ˵
ʲôŷ羪
ǧʲôЦܹ˺ȻĴڣǧЩ
ˡ
ǰһƬ⣬ŷɫֱӽԼе߱飬Ȼסһԯݺᣬ߶սսףǰΧС
н⣬ʥϢб˾˽ɫ̰ûпŷһۣЩ˹ȥ
󣬼ҽдǱû˲䱻ɱ
֮󣬴ӵǿ֣߳Ҳɫ˷ܡ
ֻǵ֮߱ɫ־壬תܡ
߱汩ȫ˳
ߡһֳ֪ӵĿ£ͲֳκνӴ
ŷȴҡͷһۣ˵ǰȥ
һȻУŷȫ߶սսףߵϢת֮ȻˣЩ߱滹սս׳˹ȥ
ŷһҡΣվס˶ԷĹͷҲأֱǰȥʵϣ˹ŷ֮⣬ҲвʩչֶΣĵλóȥ
߱ǿ£Ǵ컯˵ջΪǸ翵Ĵ컯Ըðա
֮·ûаٷ֮ٵİȫģΪǿߣһǾ־ѣ˺ܶأǶԼʵţҲԸȥġ
ЩʵǿᣬŷһȥоȻϹŴ񣬶Ҳֹһǵʵǿǿ󣬿ս
ƽһЩ콾Ǹ˫û뵽ȻҲˡһ𿴵ǣ̲סһ
Щ˾Եǿ϶رǵʵ俪߱棬˹ȥ
˶ȥ屻һһѪ˲˲ˡֻǿһȺˣܹǰ
߱Ҳ֣նɱ߱棬Ҳ쳣Ǳһ㱻ɱնߡ
ŷǰȥܿ߱ķΧЩµĳӣû׷Щɱ˹ȥȻҲ֪ŷǲǡ
һʮλǿ߳ŷǶһۣԷеĽ䱸
Ҷѵõǿߣһｻ֣δ֪˶֡ǰͨ嶼ɫԵ÷ǳ£һħԵϢӿ
ߡ
ŷ˵òǰûõӰȻܻܲܰȫߵʱȴֻǰ
ԯݺǵͷ˲Уǰȥ
ŹŷǵĶǿҲˣǲţֱǰȥ
ﱻأһЩµ飬ʵעĻп
ŷĿо˸ʲôû˵ֻǶΧʱ׼֡ʱȻܰȴһֹϢ˾㤡
ʲôŷĿһ
˶ڲԶһ仨ţ𶯣ڲϾ䣬޲óȥ
ŷҲһ˲ģһ̣ɫͱˡ
˺󡣡
ŷ纰һԯݺһȥ
Щɫԣȴŷָˡһ֪ãǰһȺڴ֩룬ͨڣȫ˳
ħ롣ϳЩ֩
ⶫܹжǿλСģֽǻɱǸϳħڣɫأкҡ


1287 ޴
ʮǿߣȫӵսǳ֣ħɱ˹ȥ
ͨ˫ɨħ룬ⶫĶҺܿ£Ƕ仨ǿµɥ껨˳ԣ֤˴
һǿ߱Ȼ٣ǹŷ練Ӧˣڳ˶Ҫ
ۡ
ŷͻȻӣԼԱ˹ȥǸطһӰԶȻԶȥ
ߣŷȡ
ղǸǱߣҪŮ͵Ϯȴŷܵˣȳ֣Էˡ
һͭɽ֣ŷѹ
ͭˡŷһ㶡
ЦһȻֻ֣ؽض϶Էȥ·սһ
˼ҲɱǸͭҲ˵ãȻ·磬һʱ̣ŷȴɱ
һ쳣ǿļһʵȺ
ԯݺһֱսɱ˹սǿ֣߳Ǹͭǿ߱ɫҪߣǸŷ֣ضе·Ȼɱ
ԷѪܿ㱻ش˻ɱ
һĻһǶһۣԷеءȻڹŷǵǿƣЩ˶뷨
ϾǺͭǸһֻģǱŷǶϣ벻ʲôý
ŷ翴еļɵʱһݣ֪Լ̫зˣЩ˼ǹˣһһʲôΪпܱȺŹ
ʶһ㣬ŷͻȻ˵λѣҶǸʲô컯һȤûУҽΪҵĺʧҪȥ飬һŲܣǴɷġ
ܹ㣿һЩĮһ꣬ϹŴ죬ʵǿ쳣
ʱŹŷ磬Ц
νŲţֻǱҵһ̬ȣŲţǾͿǡŷЦɫƽЩˣ˿ηǶӡ
̹Ϊڳǿ߶̲סͷȻŷ˵ˣͲٳˡ
ѷģһ˹ӣǻøĵġһڣʿһֻƽޣͨͷʥԣŷԼ⡣
л
ŷͷ¶һĨмɫ۶Է˵Ǽ٣ͷ޵Ļٴ˴һֵǡ
ǸϹŴǿ߻ٿڣȴ֣˶ӹŷƿĿ⣬ŷĿ⣬ϡ
ʱ˵ˣı͡
ղֻҵ֣ŷɵԲԼһ˺͹ŷ緢嶯ͭǿ󣬲ǹŷĶ֡
ò˵ŷŽԼڶԷϵĿתɫ¶һỊ̃öԷŭ
ǸϹŴȴҷǱŷҵɸɵˣͿˡ
˶뿪ɥ껨Ҳ飬ûκãһаĴڣϣֻܹˡ
ɽǰ޾ڵԵúܿ¡ɽˮɥ껨һЩľͿ˵ʺˡ
ǷֿУŷӦµϢȴûһô̲סҡͷʵ̫ˣûа취ں̵ܶʱҵ¡
İɣС²¡ԯݺᰲο
ŷͷƾֱǰߣԼĵָǿߣһЩоȻǷһûףߣҲлá
һ·ǰУһЩ֮⣬ŷûиӦκֻЩһ
ҲٷŷǶһۣԷеľȡ
ѵֻǸɥ껨һΣգе㲻ţΪصĻľЩˣ̫ʵ
ҿأҲûʲôΣյİһ𿪿ڣϴһĨЦݡ
Ļ䣬µĴأͻȻ
һɿµϢɽ֮ϱֹȥ
ʲô˾ǳٶȶܡ
ֱɸ߿գſʲô顣ղվĴɽʲôɽһںڴ򼣬֪
ЩſµĶԣڼϣǼҽУͣȴã
̫ˣҪ֪ǿǼ׵ˡ
޴򼶯һɽն
ŷǱɫӦϢ۷徳磬һֻ̤߾ˡּǿߣƿ£Ȼڴˣ¶Ҫһս
ߡ
ŷ֣սս׷⣬һȭֻظ֣Էһȡȣͬɽһߴ׳ŷȭͷײһֱӱֻأŷɳȥ
⽫ԯݺһ˺ԥŹŷܡ


1288 ɽˮ
ŷûˣȴܵԷǿʵǿʦǸǿߣӲ
жŷ粻֪ǿԿ϶ȻʮǿһϣҲɱա
һ·ӣмɱһֱ˲֪ԶǾ޴ʧ
ʣ¶ʮߣȥ϶һĨľ
ʲô˾
ŷҲˣ»ɽߵһɽ棬д֡ɽ
ѵһɽŷеץͷԡ
ˮ
һͻȻ
ɽˮŷûĵһһۣʱһﻹҫԼĳ
ŷתʱȴסˣǰһƬ޾󣬻ޱȣǧ׸ߣһᱮˮ棬ߴǧɣɢſµϢдŶˮ֡
ŷףһҫԼǰһˮ
ɽˮŷȫüͷ
ɽѾ˿ˣˮ󣬶벻򵥡
ιȥʵ
նУҪȹˮֻǵٵˮ֮ϵʱͻȻʧȥ˷һֱ·׹ȥ
һȻһݣǰһµǰ޴ֱӽ˻
ˮ֮ϣܷС
ǸǱѣҲЩļ£ղһȥʱԼһӴӰˮϢ̲סľ
ŷɫأŶˮ˼Źȥķ
һһСǰɹȥȻոշɵˮ֮ϣǸ·׹ȥ
ϵİյһķҪӻ
ڴʱһֻµĴ㣬ֱӳ𣬽ǸɣȻٴˮС
ޡ˾
ǸǿߣһѪȻ˵Ǹˮǿ棬Ҳɡ
ˮлߵʬʬˮǧı죬ȻɵĿ¶澹Ȼˮ
ɫ쳣ѿָˮ˵Ķ
ǴԵǰǱȻ˻ȥѾߵˣǿ϶Ҫߵġ
ô죿ж˼
ŷҲͷָۣˮƿֲҲܲס·ſµޣһ֣ڲܷе£븯ˮУɡ
סŷͻȻһһȥ
һ⣬ֱûŷС
С¡ŷ˵
ЩȫĿⶢ˹ŷϣȻ֪ѾˣҿӣûѶϢȻڸ߹ŷһЩҲζȹһƬˮķȻס˹ŷ硣
ܵеѹŷ絭һЦ˵ȷʵжˮķҪĻԸ
˭֪ǲҪǣŷ粻һʶҲõϵǸϹŴǿֿڣ˵Ļùŷɫ
Ҫҵʶ¾ƾ㻹λѣǻܵĹƻ𣿡ŷʵ
Щ˲ʵҲƭ
ŷȻǵ뷨ЦǲΪһȺͳԶ˰ɣǸطֻ֪˲ҺͬھƴǼˣȻԱҵ뿴ǻҪҪ컯
˻һЩ˻һֻԯݺһ˵ԯݺ˵ǽҲҵϣԶܹʮһ𡣡
ĻһڣЩɫѿˡвǲһֱһǹŷˣʱ찵ɱǣǶҪ
ԸǷѾ御ˣǲҪ֪ôŷЦ
ͲʲôصˣԷЩ˵̬ȣùŷŭˡ
벻Ҫᣬûб˼һǰƮƮЦ档
Ǹ¶һĨмղҲֻһûвŷǡ
αЦܲǸɫһڡ
Ŀ˶һۣǸ˵ޣҪΪǶһʥŮҾͻ㣬ŭˣҲǺǵġ
ҲңʵסҡЦ
ŷЩȣ޾ȻǴԣû뵽ҪǶ޵ƫԣǸû
һʥԭسһŮһ׵װ۾鶯˹ŷһۣ΢΢ͷȻ˵ҪһսҰѩ㡣
ѩһʥŮʵǿ죬ʱǳǿƣɫѿ


1289 ľ
Űѩԥ˰죬վûж֡ѩЩ䣬Ȼưոݡ
ѩЦһҲһ㶼ɵȻԷټޣ֮ʵ࣬ѩҪǿһ㣬£η塣˲һսô򵥡
㲻Ҫ֣ѩҵѣҪֵ̫Ļ˵ǻɱ㡣ŷЦ
˻һɫ䣬ŷʵҲѾˣԵɲ⣬ҪɱĻŷһ˾ܹټһѩɡ
һжᣬѩʥŮǸ˵ɫдһĨǸ⣬Եúϡ
ŷȴףһ϶װġ
ЦŷҲ׷˶һۣԷе˼ʱȷŹһԺ˵
ŷѣӦôȥ˰ɡһ˵
ʵϣ˵жЩżԼȥˣ컯µõ
ɡŷ絭һЦ
¶ϲɫǸŹŷ磬ŶˮϷȥ
ǰһɫĴɽɢŽɫâ貶ĿϢƣʥСһĻʱڳ˶ɫ䣬޴飬Ƕɽеˡ
ŷ翴һۣ˵õģʵҪȥҪЩɽС
ʲô˼ʵ
ǸɹŷϹŴ⣬ûЩɽУ˾ȵ鷢ˣЩɽȫһˣһСۣȻ󣬵ÿһ˹ȥ
ʱһɫıĺգд֣컯ľ۹ˮ
֣˶ȣ⾹Ȼǽľ˵еõϣҲսĲϡ
һʮľۣõġǸϹŴǿ߿ڡ
κʲô˼ѩһ䣬ʵ
ѩȻǶһʥŮ㣬ȴ㣬˵ˣֻжʮľۣõģˣͲϴˡκЦ
ԯݺ䣬κ˵
ҪɱңƾһϲκЦԯݺǳм
ɱԯݺ
κЦûг֣ЩλѣҲˣŷ˶ڣһ컯Ȼ˵ԼǺ˵᲻һǾãЩľۣǴþͿˡ
ͬڡ
ôһ˵ȻҲŹᣬǾͶԹŷɵѣʱлὫһų棬Ȼ⡣
ŷǵ̫ˣҹŷѲ˵𣬲Ҫ컯ֻҪԼĶӣǼĶӣġһ֪˵
ƨǲҪˣǴģƾʲôǽľۡһŭɫг˷ŭ
ڶԷ˵ὫϢ£ͲţЩûһöղɥ껨ǱߣŷǾǵЩȴһжĶûС
ͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲҪͬ⣬ǶʮǲΥЦ
ֺ޲ùŷǷʱʮ֣ԸɵŷǣΪһ
ЩȻҲ˼Ҳɵӣƽ׵ŷһǿߣ˵Ҳʲô顣
뵽ǵĲ˵ŷѣȰĲҪȥˣЩ˼ӣ϶ģϢͷİɡ
Ҷӵõ컯أŷЦʵ
˻һκɫһȻ⣬µõ컯ĻȻɱܷŹԷ
ˣǵѾ˴𰸣ҲҪǷŹҵĺӣΪ֪ûãҪǼסһ顣ŷɫЩ䡣
ʲôЩоȡ
ҶӵһλʦѾΪˣҶӵһλʦ֮޵Уսһ˴ʮ⣬ò˶ãпܳɻʣҹżʼ棬ҲǻߣǾܹԸôǿߵĻǴԳ֡ŷЦ
Ļһ˵Ծߣһ޵еĺ̨ŷͷҲʵ̫ˡ
ȻҲЩ˲ţЦùŷ粻ôƭǡ
ŷȻǵı飬Цһ˵ֻһߡ
ԯݺǷȻѩüͷֱҪɱһ
ЩŪĿ˰ѩһۣȻһֻһľץ˹ȥ


1290 ɱ
ǿҲ֣һһľۣһʮЦĿ˹ŷһۣɫг˳
رǸϹŴǿߣЦһľ뿪ɫг˵⡣
Ⱥ쵰ԯݺ乭ͻȻ֡
Ⱥɫˣֻ˵õ⣬ȴԯݺǻڰϣһ֣Ǹǻӡ
뵽ǷĴ߶ľ뿪
ɱ
ŷҲڣնһǵأЩȥ
֣סǡ
Ⱥǿɫ䣬һ֣Ҫסŷǡ
ۡ
һľը飬һڶˮУһµĺӰֱӽǸǿ˺ˡ
ŷ磬»ˣǱɱŭղһ㱻䣬뻹Щ¡
ԯݺٴ乭ɫ䣬תܣһ㱻
һգǿͬɥ֮ȮתߣʧڶˮС
Ⱥ׳աŷһĨЦݡ
ԯݺüͷû˵㻹ЦһģС£Сˡ
һС𣿡ŷ絭һЦ
˻һԯݺ۾һȵ˵а취ɺӣ
СǺǷǳŷЦ˵ͻȻ֣ǰը飬¶һɢųĴ󴬡
ɽľɣ쳣ʥŸɽµķۡ
⴬ǵĶľΣŷЦʵ
ã̫ˣȺ˵۸ǣ׷ȥɵǡһЦ
ҪúýѵǸһѩ˻СȭͷȻûһƣһСŮԵ쳣ɰ
ŷ翴˰ѩһۣ΢΢һЦ
˷ϴȻֱӲˮС
ٶȷǳ죬˷ˣޱȣǰ׷Ϲȥ
ǵһһϹŴǿߣκŷǵĴ֮󣬶ʱɫһ䣬Ȼ¶ֵɫھɵӶ֪鲻ˣŷ׷ûʲô顣
Ҹղʲôû˵ûйϵǸǿ߿ڣɫг˽
ŷû˵ֻԯݺͷ
һɫļ⣬˹ȥǸϹŴǿֿ߳⣬һ˶ˮС
ԯݺļסˣԼҲܣԡѪһըˡ
Ҫ
ԯݺ乭һ
ɫļִͬһɽһ㣬ǸѹȥԷܣһжͽֱͣӴϣǸϹžǿը飬ֱڶˮ֮С
ѩһĻ̾һ
ʥŮЩģŷЩʵ
Ϊ磬Ȼίʵټ
΢΢˵ͷѩЦҼȥʵҲ̫ղҲȷʵû˵ʲô
ѩĻŷ֪ԼЩ֣ŷɫһ࣬¶ɫѩ˵ʥŮŷ֪ⲻ֪նܹоղųʥŮûжµɱ֮⣬Ƕɱ⣬˲ɱʥŮһҪɱ𣿡
ѩʥŮЩЦһû˵
ŷ磬αضһ˵ʵеˣѩʥŮǺѵõġһ𿴰ѩЩίϽ˵
ŷŹֵĿһһۣЩ˵һ㲻ϲʥŮ˰ɣ
˻һѩһˡѩǽ߳ݵú
һһﾹȻҲˣ˹ŷһۣû˵Ϲ˵ʲôأֻǾãϾȻĴڣԾúѵãǲӦʥŮܵί
ֻ⻰˵ôһԽԽڵĸоӦʥŮܵίʲô̬
ѩҲˣȻһеĲףһһۣû˵Ҳʲôˡ
һͷԼˣ
һӣŷ̲סЦ˳һʵ̫ˡ
ʲôԯݺͻȻȵ˵һ䡣
ԯݺĿ⣬˶֣ǰһľ۶ѣԼѪֻҲûһˡ
ҲɱŷǾȵ˵
ѩ΢΢һ£ȻЩ˵ܹܵϢɱ˵
һһ֪ʲôö׷ˣɱ⡣һҧûһøС
ȫͷʵǶͬ뷨
󴬳˷ˣȻıȽǰٶȴģһ·ǰУ˲Ľľۣʮɱжʮ䲻
ŷ𾪵ĶһۣԷеľȣЩһɱʵǹҵġ


1291 ǽ
ʮǱǷֵģʮϹŷɱһһʮˣֻʣʮˡ
ǵû֪ǹŷȴãЩ˿»ҪмԶˮС
̫ײˡѩҡͷ
ΪΪΪ˶컯Ѿ޲ˡŷЦ
ΪǺҪȴΪҪҪѩҡͷ˵ԼĿùŷЩȣѾͷȻΪûҪΪʲôҪ
ŷɫɻ󣬰ѩЦȫѣǿܵĻҲõʲô컯ЩʣֻʵԽǿлȹȥ
ʲôʣѩû˵Ȼе顣ǹŷȴ֪Сˡ
ʲô飬˵ǿԿܲܰ㡣һͻȻ˵ɫڣѩ˵
ŷɫŹ֣˵һ԰ѩûиоš
һֵҲʵ̫һɣܿһԼûʶء
һĻѩûж룬۾΢΢һϲ˵𣿡
ŷͷЦ˵Ȼһ˵ˣǾͿ϶ģʲôѣֻҪܹæģǿ϶
ŷĻѩЦˣһ£ſ˵һҪ̲ǵĹŽ磬ڰǰս飬Ҫǵ磬ǶȻʵģûʲô飬ĺͲһսĻǿ϶Ҫˡ
ǣǸŽ磬˵вǹŽһǻʣ֪ĻǼٵġһЩȵʵ
ǻʣɲһǿߣŷɫ΢΢Щء
һǻʣ׳֣ԲõģֻĵµǿߡѩЦ
ʵǵʵԲֻû顣
֮ŷЩԥһݾǾͲˡ뵽˵ŷȴ˾
ҪæĻ㾡ܿڣˣһɱġŷ翪˵
һ𣬿µɱ˺Ѳ񷣬ǧħ֣ʬ壬޾ʬ壬ڹŷߣ˻
ðѩ𾪣ŷ񣬼ֱڿһһҪ೤ʱ䣬ܹɱôˡ
֪ŷ磬Ųŵ飬Ȼܹ
СӶɱزˣҶоЩ¡ԯݺҡͷɫҲ𾪡
ͬʱԯݺҲףŷߵһԼҪǿȫģ̫ˣǻɱЩ飬Ͳܹġ
¸񡣡ŷԯݺһۣû˵
ԯݺ̲סһۣһԼ˵ģʵЩˬ
ʲôôҲ÷走Ļұשͷŷû˵
ԯݺɫˣڰѩһ̲ס͵ЦǾʵ̫˼ˡ
쵰Ը񣬵ʲôʱܸһ¡ԯݺ̲ס
һûпˣˣҪˣϰɡŷϿһۣ˵
ԯݺͷϰ͵һһˤ
쵰ôôֲϽǧŷЩƵغϢţһ㱻ѹˡ
̫ˣղŲһûзӦһ£ΪΪǿ磬͹ŷȣźܴѹ
Сߵд鷳ʵŷɫء
˶һۣԷеĽ
ҪϽߡŷ˵˵ĽӡȻϰһ
ڹŷ˵ԲһϢһЩȷ£˵̻ɱ
²ףȻս죬ȴĶ֣Ҫ߶ѣκ˶ǹŷġ
ߡ
ŷ˵
УܿӦȻ˾ȵУŷֱǰС
һһֻקסѩ˿ٱ
һɫȻĶŹŷ磬׹ŷ絽ж̬ǼûӦŷѾܹˡ
ǲ÷аɡԯݺ
ŷԥһ£߳һˣķ
𣬾ڴʱһ׵£Ȼǽɫģڹŷķϣһ㽫ķˡ
ŷһޣûŷڣɨһ˵нǲܷС
˵ͷղŵȻҲˣɫ¶µɫ


1292 µĵط
ŷķӵбһսǸղŵһ˲䣬Ҳٵʵ̫ˣǾ
Ƿ˿У䣬ȻˣҲù
ǲǰ߰ɡŷ˵
á
һȺ˵ͷǰȥ
ҲӦĴݣǰС
ľһƬɭ֣ǰ߱ס޷ϸ죬Ҳûа취ǰ·ʲô
һ̽Եһôһȭһҡȴûܵκ𺦡
ŷǺȻʲôӵľҲʵ̫ˣӲ˼㡣
һȭȻ޷ϣֱһˡ
ŷҲ֣һȭ档ǿùһ˳ȥȴûзɳԶ
߲һȭȻֻܴһŷ𾪵˵
ԯݺҲֻ֣ǽһϣȴûзɳȥ
Ҹղ˾Ųԯݺ𾪵˵
ѩҲһ£۵ľζһ£һƣȴûбϡ
̫ˣôӲҵֺۡ˵
ŷһôôһСŮûо¡
Ұѵһ𿪿ڣһһȭҳ۶ϣ˳ȥһҲһƬ
ôôɵû°ɣҿŶоۡѩգգ۾˵Щж
һͷЦһ˵û¡
Ҳǣּǿߣ˼սǶϽ۶С飬С˸㲻ʲô
ˣǲҪЩȥˣǰ߰ɡŷЦãǼаһȻ
˶һۣԷеĺЦ
ǼǰУǰһɽǵǰŷ缸ֱӵɽϡ
Ǹոյɽʱһͷµݸŷɱ˹
Ϸ
ŷ羪ȣȻǱϷΪϹ񣬵Ǵʱȴ죬ɱ˹
һŷ֣һȭֻغ˾
顣
ײһŷµĴɽһµơϷҲҽһϱѪתߡ
ǿ󡣡ŷ翴ԼϣȻЩףЩ𾪵˵
ͶԷӲƴȻһֱܴ̫˼ˡ
ﵽʲôطŷǶһۣԷеɻ
֮ǰ濴ģһƵС磬ԽߣԽһָоȻһСô򵥡
ɽˮиղŵϷһСܹġ
֪ΪʲôЩ߲ȥˣЩؿһܹҪߵزȻǲԸߣǲԶˣԱɱˡԯݺ˵
ŷͷʵҲġ
˶һۣԷеء
Ǽ߰ɡŷ˵ߵһҲûа취ͷˣΪҪҵС¡
һ·ǰУǰĶƻĶǳأȻͨҾһս
ãǷ˼ʬ壬ĹҲǿߡһЩȥܳʱʬ壬Ȼ޾£Ȼոȥһ
ǻŷһһѶϵɢŻԵ쳣¡
ѵˣΣˣͲ֪ʧ
ܻԯݺ𾪡˵Ļһµĵطвǵ
ԣӦñǲȱĻû̫Ա顣ŷоһ󣬵óһۡ
ȻˣҲ㹻ˡ
޵УҲ޵У֮䣬ʲôȻܹϣʵ̫ˡ
ҪСģа졣ŷ˵
˵ͷɫЩء
ǼǰУһ·ϣѪĵ棬ɢſµϢѪʣǾ޾£ȻȻ⣬еԾѾʧĲˡ
̫ˣﵽ˶ǿߣѵкܶǿ𣿡ѩʵɫɻ
ʬ̫ˣ߲ԶһмʮϰٸԽߣǵѹԽǿеϢ죬Ȼ۷
ϣЩǰǿµ
ǣʬ塣û߳ԶѩͻȻ
ʲôŷ缸˾ȣ˹ȥʬüıԪѾȫˡ
˭֣𾪣໥һۣԷеء
̫аˣСһ㡣ŷ˵ǰսսϣɢһֿµϢ


1293 ʬ
˶ͷɫأڹŷ󣬾߶Ƚ䱸
ǰߣһ߾ʬ屻֣ڣһʮžߣȫɱһѪ
ǵʵȻ˿ûз㱻ɱˣùŷǾ㤡
ʲôҲʵ̫˰ɡ
˭
һͻȻŭȵת֣ȴУʲôûС
ȻǿߣһҲһëȻĸо
㿴ʲôŷʵ
һ԰׵Цݣܿ¡һ𿪿ڣ߹ŷԼĶûпԷʵ࣬ΪԷٶ̫ˣķӦ
ŷһˣ˵Сġ
ڳ˶ͷȻŷ粻ѣҲ֪ʵ̫ˡһеȫɱǵȻ࣬ʵЩʵҲǿ˶١
档ԯݺͻȻָŹŷ󺰵
ͬʱŷоԼԺĺ˿ɫѪڣһɫ˻ȥ
ŷһҽУͷ֮󣬶ԷѾʧˡ
ǹȥˣŷʵ
֪Ƕٶȷǳ죬ĻѪѪԱˡԯݺ˵
ŷ˵ͷȻԼܹƶԷĶǾ㹻ˡ
ߣߡߵŷһֲĸоǣ鷳ϡο£ʵԶԶκһˡ
ȻԯݺҲ뵽һ㣬ɫҲÿ
˶һۣԷеء
ǰУ䱸ǸǸŷ֮һȻٳ֣⵹ü˶һ
ŷɫأһָоǸû뿪Լ˵ĸ
Ŀɨһܣȴûз֣ŷװӣȴ䱸˼㡣
ԽһһĴɽһƬԭڹŷǵǰûһȫһƬš
ʬа׹ǣҲģЩǰĶϹŴǿ߸ǲ
ùŷ𾪣⵽һʲôӵĵطȻµطﵽ˶ǿߡ
˵濴컯ʲô컯ŷʵ
ѩ΢΢һ㶣Ȼüͷ˵һ飬ǿһ˲䣬һָоֻҪõǸĻͿԳΪߡ
ŷʲôŹ֣һ飬һĸоҶûмʶݣԼһܹΪߣֶҲʵ̫аˡ
²ʲô飬ʲôħɡŷ˵
ȷʵģǶȻָоȻ⽫ģҪʲôѩɫŹֵ˵
֪֪Ҫʲôŷɫ΢䡣
˲⣬˳ŹŷĿ˹ȥ
ĵϵӰƾɵڽУѾ⼣ĵӰжŹϵսì۾ͨ죬ɢűŰϢ
ʲôһȡ
ϵʬ壬ԹУʬһΪһֶܿ£ٶǿߡѩ͵
ΪӵܣǷǳ
ɱɡ
ŷ˵Ѿĸֻһս
ĵӰͻȻɱ˹ڿնŷǳ֣µƵҪ硣
ŷǳһĸʬ壬ǰǼµǿߣ۷ǿߣֻǲ֪ôˡ
ǶһۣҲ˳ľʬ֡
˴սĸʬ壬Ƿ֡ŷΪɴֻ࣬شһȭսʬ㱻飬еԹǵһʱ
ЩʬȻˣǱϾ޷ӵǰȫܣԲû̫в
ɱ
ԯݺῪڣһֻּסԷսìȻ֣һ۶ϣȻɱȥ޵УԷ飬
һᵯָ޾𺣽ԷΧʬ塣Ҳһ㱻սìһˡ
ѩֻǶʬ嶯֣ΪöģùŷǿЦá
ŷ֣ǿѹһֻ£ǺӣǸʬ屬飬Ƭĸϵʬ壬ȻգһʵͲǵĶ֡
ߡ
ŷ˵һۣɫ䡣
ѩͬתһۣһ̣ŹŷѾӾܡ
һƬϼеǿ߳ȻǸղּǿߣǧλֻҪӽǣܹ˲佫ѹɻҡ
ŷȻȽֱӾͿʼˡ
ǰȥȻܷУٶȴǳ죬Щʬ塣


1294 սƽʿ
ֱЩʬ˦֮󣬹ŷǲһٶŷ֣ԼѾԽһƬʬء
һϵĹǰ棬̻Իͣȴµĺۼе۽ˣµĲɣϢ
ΧһƬ࣬ľ죬ȴԵģһµĸо
ŷǶһۣ֪Լ뵽ĿĵأӦñǴ컯ڵĵط
Ҫǰһ׹£ŷǸϽǱ̲סһ¡
˭
ŷʵĿ棬ܣһĨ衣
һսǿ֣߳ɫսףµսҲǻƽɫģлƽǹָŹŷ磬һ˫¶ɫ
ô컯֮أɱǸǿ߿ڣɱȻŹŷǣʱ֡
ŷüͷһ壬ûж֣˵λǰãǲǹţֻΪһ˵ġ
ɱ
ԷŷĻֱͦǹɱ˹
µĻƽǹռ䣬ŷ£Ҫ
ŷüԷʵ̫ˣһ仰Ը˵
Цһŷ֣ħڹŷУֱһɨ˳ȥ

ǹ͹ŷеħײһһɿµĲŷ羹Ȼ˳ȥݺݵײһŴϡ
죬ʱȴ֦ŷ

ŷ翪ڣħɨֱӽЩ֦ˡ
һȻεضѾӵԶԯݺǿĿɿڴһҲʵ̫ˡ
Ҿһǰ㲻ҪƲԳԷơŷ˵ЩŭˣԷʵǿҪܹŷ磬׵ġõĻҲܹӳȥ
ƽʿЦһŹŷ˵սܣ
ҵֵ棬ûаʡŷЦͬһս˭¡
Ŀɨԯݺһۣŷ˵Ǹѹ󡣡
ԯݺǵͷɫ֣ء
ŷ˳ȥŻƽʿħָŶԷ˼ǳԡ
ս֮ǰҪһ⡣ŷ˵ﲻǴܵģҪΪ¶
ŷã¶طǻҪ֤һ¡
ңҾ͸㡣ԷЦ
ŷɫһ䣬˵Ը
һ䣬ŷˡһɷ죬Ѫɫĵ⣬ŽɫɴСݺݵƽʿնȥ
ƽʿɫأǹգֱӴ˳ȥײһһ£սһ˻һڵϡ
ȻԯݺǣܵһɿµѹǲڵĲ
̫ˣɫ𾪣˵棬Ҫ۷ǿˡ
һԽԽǿˡԯݺпЦҲǽܳǺ͹ŷȣԵȻ޹ˡ
мͷſİɣʵҲһǿߣǴ˶ҪǿĶࡣһԯݺļЦ˵
ԯݺͷȻһ㡣
á
ŷЦȥȻ֮սƽ֣ǹŷȴֻиˣϾŸ߾磬ܹԻ͵սƾˡ
ƽʿʵǿ󣬿Ҫﵽ۷ˣϴĻƽףǻ͹ŷһˡ
ǼսħԻƽǹɱսѪڡ
˭Ҳûκ˭˵似ս࣬ͷֲʤǸƽʿˣϾҲܹŷΪһ߾磬ͺԼսƽ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ҪǹŷϵĻսף𾪣֪ŷȻͷսֶɲ˭ܹӵеġ
һǹأ񡣡ƽʿƽҫһǹ棬޾֣һֿµϢۣ鶼ž޴Σ
ŷüȵ޵У¾񡣡
һһ¾ײһͬʱɳȥ
ŷɫأԷʹõģȻҲǻսʵеϡ
ʥǹ춯ء
ƽʿѪɱ
ؾһֿµơ
ŷɫЩŹ֣Ϣеƣֲֻһѡ
졣
ŷȣ죬ٴԷײһ
һײƽʿ·磬ɳȥݺݵǰĹϡ⣬סû̫ܵ˺
ʶŷ羪ȣ΢΢üͷ
أңƽʿٴοڣݺݵĳ֣ŷɱ˹ȥ
ѡ
ŷ𾪣ĳѣͬ⾳Կ϶ԷԼʦְʣ벻˹ϵ
ѡ
ŷҲѣײԸоƽʿĳѱȹŷʩչ˲٣ֱӺ˳ȥ


1295 
㵽ʲôˣŷʡ
ǸƽʿҲԾ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬ʵ㵽ʲôˣȻҲ쵽ŷȫͬԴ쳣˼ġ
ŷֹͣ˶һۣܹԷе𾪡
ӳ
ƽʿͻȻһ
ŷһѵֹһƽʿ
ȻƽʿĴ󺰣һȫƽս׵ʿ˳һޣлƽǹ죬˿µɱ
ʱ򣬾ŷ綼̲סɫϸղźսĸ֣һʮƽʿ˸ӵɲ⣬һϢ춯ء
ǼµģŷɫأŶԷ䱸
ôд˵ĴУͷĻƽʿʵòӣӣһ仰˵𶯣˾
ʲôˣŷûлشĻǷʵ
˵ľѧȻװ֪ˣƽʿŭһɿµɱۡ
ŷһݣüͷ˵ҶӵģҶӽ£Ǽˣһ뿪
ŷ粻Щ˾ȻԷͨʦְ»һվұ֤Էǵѡ
Ͼô꣬˭Ҳ֪Էı仯
ǿеĴˣŷһȤûУԿ϶һɲͶԷʲôǣ
¡
Ǹӳ΢΢һ㶡
͹ŷһսǸƽʿѵ磬¾֮ǰǸСһ
ԭеǸסƽʿӳЩȵʵ
ôˣѵ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
˻һԷȫЩȣȻܹŷΪ߾磬սȻ죬ⶼǾȵġ
ϵĶս˵״ڸţ˵ŷ߾磬㿪һſµķš
˵Ǽ䲻˼ġ
һֻΪϹŴ񾳽磬пָ򣬿һţŷľʵ̫ˡ
ʹʲôϵǸƽʿĶӳҲʵ
ŷҡͷǳ˵Ҳʶ
ΪʲôղлߵҪҲԼġ˵ϴһĨ̡
ǣʦйϵҲ֪ǼҴ˵˭ŷ綢ǡ
ʵϲԷк棬Ҳһ
ʦţǼҴ˶žѧδ⴫Ҵʦŵˣ˵ѾȫսôѧǸƽʿӳڣȴû˵Լ˵ݡ
裬Ǵ˵ݣҪʵǲУȥŷ˵ЩͷЩˆ£ʵеᷳ
ǻƽʿĶӳɫЩڣֻǶ˼䣬ŷ羹Ȼ˵¡
Ȼ㲻˵Ҳֻвˣ㡣ƽʿӳڣʮǿȫǹָŷ硣
˵ʹǻ˼ŷЩ˵
ûֱӴԯݺתߡЩƽʿʵ̫ǿˣһˣ࣬ôһϣͲɱġ
ܣƽʿĶӳ¶һĨЦ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴͣסˣǰһ͸Ļ֣̺ǿ֪ʲôʱ򣬳ǵǰ·ղŹŷһ㣬ͺпײ档
ģաŷа뵽
תȥָŶԷ˵ˣҲˣǴˣ˵»ߵʦܼݵӭӡ
ŷĻһӻƽʿ¶Ծɫ޷Ȼˡ
»ߣͷȻֻǰߣȻ˵ǰ»ߵʦܣǲš
ð»ʦܣ飬ƽʿĶӳ
ȻŭŷȴһԷĿȻ԰»ߺأֻҪԷǰ»ߵĵˣŷͲġ
Цһ˵ϹǵĹۣѵϴʲôսսףҪûսսס
ʲô
Щٴ𾪣սʣܾԶһƺҲֻԼţսʰ»ߵʦһʱɨ£»ߣ˵ԼûгԽԼʦ
ŷǻսףȻоˣֻû뵽ϾȻսսס
һսս׻ܹ֤ݣб֤𣿡ƽʿĶӳʵжڹŷĻѾ˲١
ŷû˵˫ӡݻ»ߵķöԷ𶯡
ַ̫ϤˣǵĴˣǵıַǺȻŷĸͳǿǸܵһɿµѹһߡ


1296 С
ǰ»ߵʦܣǸƽʿĶӳ˵
ŷͷ˵һٶǰʦս˼ңҴ󷨣ʦֵķΪԵɺϲŵõġ
սʻţƽʿǶˡ
˵»߶˵һ˵սʼֱǴ˵еĴ˵һ޵ǧŵˣûп֡
ŵģʱҼʦʱֻһƴԼķһ߾צĳڣ˼ǧꡣŷǽ͵
˼ҵıأƽʿӳ
֪һ̣ʦ˵ҲܲԼı壬пˣţʦʵԲ϶ǳʲôʣعġŷ˵ġ
ս˼޵УôȻһʱ̱סˣҲġˣƽʿӳѾȫ˹ŷĻ
ϣ֪»ߵ˲֪࣬»ߣҲ֪սʵľ͸ˣ˵֪ʦͽϵģûУֻ׽˲֪ʦͽϵ
ƽʿӳǶԼԼĴǴ˶̫
Ҵ˵ʲôˣѵʦֵĴˣʦֵĻԹ˵û´ˡŷüͷ
ŷĻЩƽʿһۣǶԷеĿЦ
ҼҴûи֣ܳΪ»ߵĵӣֻһСͣҵðҽߴ˴һִУ޾֮ǰ˾ǧ࣬ɻˡǸƽʿӳ˵
ʹŷѾ˲²⣬ǵĻ֮󣬻̲סо
һߣʦʵ̫ţˣսǻߣа»ߣڰ»ߵһСͣȻҲΪ˻ߡһߣƾˡйŷһֻҪɳΪߣǰ϶ӵ顣
ѪҲǳޣǲɻʵĻϿûܹΪˡ
ȥҴˡŷ˵
ǰʦеĻߣ˺档
ѾˡƽʿӳЦ
ʲôŷǾ
ԯݺǶЩ˼飬һˣڿЦذɡ
˹컯һ鲻ѾָˣֻǴһҪ飬Բѿƽʿӳ˵
ڹŷ˵鲢İǻʲһӡ
ŷͷ˵·
ƽʿӳԥһ£ǰ·
֮ȥ˽ȥ֮󣬹ŷ羪ȵķ֣ﲢһѣһ硣
Ԫ㣬ŷһȥʱɫͻȻ˱䡣
ǰһڵĶڣ޾Ϣ˵ʲôȴ˲Ϳ¡
һ壬Ǹڶϣһǿ׳ˣŸ첲ϲʱ¶һĨʹɫȴ쳣ᶨ˿ҡ
ͣˣЩʲôˣǸ˿ڣдһƣ
ˡ
͵ıǸƽʿӳһȻ˹ŷһۣ˵λԳµĸףͬʱͬš
ҵͬţǸ΢΢ȣŷ磬ɫдһ˿Ź֡

͵ͷ
΢΢üµĹ⣬ŷֹȥ
ͬʱսսǸܵ˾޴вһԶգת˵ϡ
սսס˾һ۱ϳŷϵսס
ŷͷ˵ʦ͸ҵĶ
ʲôǸ¶һĨ𾪵ɫɴ۾ֱԼġ֮ſڣЩеʵʦ˭
սʡŷ˵
û˵Ǵһ˫ӡݻϷŷֹȥ
ŷֻ֣ؾ춯أҪԷ
һжͽͣڻǰ˿ûлֵء
ˡ
ŷһݣشһ⣬Էδǰ»ߵˣҲĵˣȻĻôһԼԼ֡
ǴʱŷҪԷĹȻǲܵģԷ̫ǿˣʵԶŷ磬ԶԶǶ֡
ԯݺǴŷǱ߳ȥҪŷ翹Է
һжͽͣǸһ붯㷢ԼѾϢĽˣ˵壬˿Ͷˡ
ŭ
ȻǶùŷˣʵŷԼôõģʵ̫ˣļޣҪѣûôס
һ̣â壬ֱӽȥ˹ŷУһ渡֣ŷȴûиоκܵĸо


1297 
ŷ羪ȵĿЩ棬Ƕйսʻа»ߵ顣
ˣڳ˲ȷŷ羹ȻսʵĵӣҲǰ»ߵʦܡ»ߣǸӯҪ»߱Լľ⣬ոһЩ㱩ûа취ж
ˡ
˿ڣг˱ˡ
ŷ翴˶Էһۣܹܵ˵ҳϣ̾
ȻǻߣǶ԰»ߵҳϣȴʼûб
һʱҽһΪ˵ʵԲڱɱû뵽ȻҲսˡʹ޵
˽Ҿˣұ£ȻûӣȴһֱԼʦףĶ飬һûüء
ޣиУС꣬ŷ΢΢ͷˮȻǿɬģɴ˿ɼԷ顣
ʦпܸŷ翪ڣοԷ
̫ˣ߸ľߣ̫ãˡ˿Цŷȴҡͷ˵ʹãҲҪԣȻĻûлˡ
ŷĻǸ˳Ĭβŵ˵ͷǶԵġ
˵仰˳Ĭһᣬŷ˵ǿү
ΪߣǶԹŷȴǳƺŷΪү⽫ŷһϽ֣˵˰ɣǸģ㺰һˡ
У˵ʦܣȻǶүǿԽǿ棬ȴùŷЦá
һôҲһߣȻ˵Ĵ塣
ǿӣŷҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ǿסǸʲôŷתƻ⡣
ԯݺҲ¶ɫǿԼס˶ڣȴÿʱÿ̶ڳʹһ
ͨŲ֮أܴ򿪣ûа취ӡֻסǿЦ˵
ʲôǲ֮أŷǾȡ
ǿ̾ϢһΪﵽˣȻ֪ȴ˵ֻܸ㣬Ǹط˲飬ֻҪڴ󿪣Ҫ¡
ʲôŷ𾪡Ҫ£ʲô
ʣ뵽ǿղŵĻֹסԼĺġŷǶɵӣȻǿǣȻڵΪҪ֪̫ʡ
ΪʲôҪأЩʬǶô£ŷЩʵȻȻҪ
ǿʬǣŷ̲סЩǻţǶǿһս
ǶӢܣսҲһСˣΪôأµֶλɱġǿΪŷͣ˶٣˵ڻһأҲȲѣҪסڣȻܵţԲһطѾعؿ֪ѶˣֻЩ̰ɱԼ־֪ȡᣬԲŻ
ԭôһ¡ŷˡ
ˣûʲôˣ¶ң뿪ŷɴ˵
ǿЦŵ˵ͷ˵Сү
һ߳ƺΪСү֪֮󣬻᲻һŷڻ뵽
ǡ
뿪úһ֣겻ǱˣС¡ŷ֮¶ϲɫ󺰵ס
С£ҵˣû¾̫ˡŷЦһѱס£¼ĵͷʵһʱ׷ɱ˼ޣջԵɺϵ
Ե֮ûɱ£µҪ뿪ǽǲͬ⣬̫Ҫˣʧ
СүڿԺͶү뿪ˡǿ˵͸һɹ
Сүүͷԡ
ŷȴǹЦ˵ǿԻؼˣĸ׷ǳ㣬һңһҪȥء
ŷᵽԼĸףɫݺݵĵ˵ͷ˷ܵɫ
лˣټˡŷǿ˹֣ʱǿһ
үߣǿԶˡǿ˵
ŷЦһﶼΪˣһ˵ӣЩ
ͣͶүСүǿ˵һ
͵ͷ˵үСү
á
ŷŽ뿪龹Ȼô˳ǹŷû뵽ģŽ߳С磬һǰ
ǿֱӵΨһͨ롣ָָǴͷ󣬿Խ˴ͳȥ
ŷվ׹һ뿪
ŷǳֵʱ򣬾ȻһԺ棬ԺȫˣŹŷǣһ˱顣


1298 ݱץ
޵񡣡һ˾ŷ񣬳š
޵찡޵ˡԺе˶
֮ǰһ˱飬Ǵʱȴ׸ıˣǾϲĶŹŷ磬Ŀȣ˳ݡ
ǣ硣ŷ΢΢Ӧһ£Щȵ˵
޵ʲôʱһͷˣԯݺᾪȵʵ
⣬ŷ̲סЦ磬Եɺ֮£ıȫɱˣһѴ̣Ūһ޵ͷŷ͵
һѣ˶һۣԷеľȡ
ΰ޵񰡣ϣڻĽ𣿡Ժӵ˲˹ڹŷĽ¡
ɶŷ˵
ҵȲҡЩ˲
ҵĻ𣿡ŷʵ
˻һЩ˻һ£Ƕһۣȫվ
ȫԴҿŷ磬˵޵һۣðϡ
ŷʵ
Ȼ磬ȥһѣʵ˵ȥ
Ȼ˵ͽǹŷȴݵѡ
ΰս񣬱ħץˡǸ˲˵ùŷ羪ȵĻ
Уûҵݣȴû뵽ݾȻץˡ
üͷŷʵ֪˭µ𣿡
ֻ֪һˣܹ˽⵽硣Ǹ˲˵
ô֪ݱץߵģŷüͷʵ
˵ġǸ˻ش
ŷͷգҵƬ裬ȻǸ˵һ⣬ĻشаӦõģӽ㽫ľߡ
˵仰ŷֱʧ
ʱЩ˲Ÿ̧ͷŷѾʧ֮ǾȵĶһۣһԼһĸо
찡Ҹղſ޵ˣҲΰɣһ˵Ĳš
εĻҲˡ
޵л޵͡Ǹŷһˣ˵ȻܵԼı仯з·ӵԺгһǽǿԼõĶ
ղŵһѩ̲סЦ˵
˰ѩһۣŷû˵ء
ʵϣѩԲղĺ񡣡ԯݺҲڡ
ȲѣѵҪǣǲҪŷңʵֻһʿкô𣿡ŷԯݺһۡ
ԯݺҡͷ͹ŷ綼ִĵȻףʱˣ˵Ĵ˵ǻԵġ˵ֻάȥ˵һ¡ңŷ籾飬Ǽ飬ΪǵҲûʲôԵġ
ڵۣĻʵۣȴȻüͷһǳӡ
裬׷ʲô飿һȻһɴ۾һεĸо
Ȼ죬Ψһ޵ھȻˡ
޵ˣ𣿡Źŷ磬ԼΡ
ŷҡͷЦ裬㺰ҹŷˣʲô޵񣬱˲ѵ޵ôģӦףҵѾˡ
ŷĻЦôȥˣȻû䡣
Ҳû䣬Ϊﵽνľ磬û뵽츳Ȼ˺ãе㾪ˡŷЩ˵
ʱ䣬Ϊ飬ǽܳˡ
ŷĻҡҡͷ˵ǿ󣬾ͲԼŮˣħץˡ
ĸǿߣŷʵ
ڶħ˵ŷЩЦãΪﵽڵľ磬ȻףЩνĶħǺ˵ġħʿƫѪǺʹ˵޶Ķħȴǲһġȫͳ飬ҪŪǵ飬鿪ֶΡ
ǽ硣Ҳ˵˳ˣʱҲʶŷ粻ԼԵЩͨ飬ֱ˵˵֡
ǡѩ
ʱſѩǼˣɫ΢΢Щȡ
ŷ磬⼸λǣ̲סʵ
ҵѣʵҲ࣬˵Ĳǽ磬Ҳλĵˡŷ翪ڣ򵥵Ľһ¼˵ֺݡ
¶һĨϲɫͻȻŷ£ȾҵŮ
ģҵѣһģǽ磬Ϊһߣܹ𣿡ŷЦ


1299 
裬ҹһŵһȺ˳˽ʵǿ󣬾Ȼ龳磬һʮˣһɫ
ŷ֮Щһ£һ˾޵񡣡
裬ô£ŷü
磬ӦöڰݵƿУ˵вͬôֱĸס
Щ˶ǿߣﵽ񾳽磬սķͳһ磬Ͷ˳˹û뵽ȵݱץ֮ǾȻҪıЦ
ıŷһĨЦ
ݶǲǽʵľ磬˶ңǶԵ𣿡ǳ
Щǿ߿˹ŷһۣûи˵ϳŷݵʱ򣬾֪Ҫˡ
ǳǣҲ˵ʲô
ΪʲôŷɨһۣһӴǵϡ
Щ龳ǹڵϣ˴ģùŷŹҲ֪Լˡ
Ƕû뵽ֻפһ޵񣬾Ȼٴγ֣ҪıҲŷһɡ
ɫû͹ŷ翹⣬ǶɵӣȻ֪ԼǹŷĶ֡
սݵĶ֣˵ŷһָͷɱΡ
жԱȻ֪Լľء
ȻˣǶȥɡŷ絭˵һֻĨɱȥǿֱӽʮǿȫɻҽ
𾪵һĻܹоʱĹŷһϢܹɱ֪ٴΣŷȵʱʱǿ˲֪ٱ
Ȼ֪ڹŷΪһָоǰĹŷ磬ڵĹŷǰһ϶㲻ϡ
ףȥǽ𣿡ʵ
ʱ۾һȵĶŹŷ硣֪ǽʵȴãŷȥǽĻܹݾȳУŷʵûʲô첻ġ
ŷ΢΢ԥһ£ȻҡҡͷԼһȥǽ磬Ƕȥ
ʲôԯݺǾȡ
Уǽǿڶ࣬ǿ߾͹һˣҪһǡôԣѩϽ˵ùŷǲ֪ǽʵԲŻ˵Ļġ
Ҳǽлߣֳ޴Ķʵڻûа취ڻߵɣԯݺüͷ˵
һû˵ȻҲǲͬŷһ˹ȥ
£һסŷĸ첲˼ǳԡ
Ƕףǽʵ̫ΣˣŷȥĻпܻ⡣
ǵı֣ŷЦһ˵ǷİɣǽȻǿߣҲӲƴѵǽУͲǿ·𣿡
ŷĻԯݺ΢΢һ㶡
ֻҪǸԿѺݣҶܹݴǻȥԭġŷɨһۡ
ԯݺüŹŷ硣
ҪǻȥˣҪ˲ǽ硣ŷһ⡣
𾪣ǲŵĶŹŷ硣
ѩǶһ壬ѻô˵ʵҲЩġŷ綢Űѩ
ѩ˵
ʵϣŷҲǶһˣһճŵֻҪǵѣǴȻΣգȥæ֮УǺܶ˶˵ġ
мΣһΪѣһ㱻壬ȴԹ޻ڡ
ãҴɽ磬ˡŷ˵
ɽ磿ѩȣû硣һ壬оԶֻҪ磬˵ǵɽ磬ȻС
һûԻϵ磬֮ǿƣлΪߵĴڣǶҪһһŵĻʣʦͽ֮ꡣŷ˵
ѩһһߣлΪߵĴڣǱȻ۷սġ
һ֣ǽ磬ȫ⡣
ĻߣλǰǽĻߣԲ⣬ǣǸǿߡŷо˸
һ磬ŷôǺͽ֮زһһŽ磬ǿƣöһ壬о޴в
һ磬е̫˰ɣ΢΢Щԥ˵
һۣѩ˵ǽ磬ǣĹΣǵʵǿ󣬺ܶ类Ȼ磬˵һպпܻ١
Ķ޶˵ŷҲûһɡ


1300 ³
ʥǻͬ𣿡ԯݺеԥϾһ飬ʵ̫ˣʹЩзֹ
϶ⲻʧδػͬ⡣
ɽվҪģûԴḻܶǿ죬˵ȴãǵȶԷţһһЩ˺±ȽϺãŷʵ
ԯݺᶮˣǶԵɽ飬Ͼʵսһòǽ翪жѣȵɽǿҲʲô
Ǿġ
ԯݺ˵Сһۣ˵һ뿪
Ҫ͸һ𡣡С¸Ͻ˵Ը뿪Ҫ͹ŷһ
ˡ
һСµԴ棬ֱӰһ˹ȥ
úСһͣߡŷû˵
ԯݺ̲סһۣ治ģȻĻŷôôáҲ֪Ĺ죬ŷѵĸҡ
ҲͲˣѩһ˺µĻҿȥ硣һѩ˵ֻһﵽЩʲôֻҪǸ˶ܹо
ѩɫ΢΢һ죬Ȼ˵ͷ
һʥŮɻޣҲɻ޸ˣֻҪͶϾˡһ԰ѩиоѩʵ϶һҲһо
һ¶һĨЦݣԵúܿġ
ǵĶ뿪ŷ翴һۣ΢΢ҡͷΪ̫ˡ
һ㶣û׹ŷʲô˼ŷһְֻϣǿڣŷǿľΪ
Сʱʱ䣬ʵֱ˴죬ŷ֡Ц˵ֻܵˣһ۵ӡ
ȻҲֻ磬ǳ磬ڵʵ϶㲻ϡ
޾£ٴα콾ǿƣȻŷʵ˵Լ޵УƻʳƵۣοһ
л
蹰֣֪Լһĵõıˣ־磬Լȥһǧһ꣬δܹﵽʵڹŷȴڶ̶̵һʱ䣬㽫ʵһ磬˵ֱĶͺͻ
еԼŮʱѾ˵
İɣһὫĴġŷŵ
ĵͷŹŷȻӦԼͻȫȥҪʲô⣬ҲԹŷ硣
ŷ뿪ֱ˺ϣǽ硣
ٴγֵʱѾڲǽ֮СһƬĴĮݲһʡ
ŷգ˲ϢԽ޾Ŀռ䣬׼һ˹ȥ
һΰĳУȫǴѪϢ࣬еĻ࣬еȴȫҲԵ÷ǳ¡
ŷ΢΢һϵϢ仯Ĳһһ޶Ȼ˹ȥأػųŵһ׵ʿǶ߾磬ʱŹŷ磬Ҫơ
ŷŷ֣Щˣÿ˶ơ
ŷ类סɻĿ˹ŷһۣȴʲôûʣĮȻ뿪
Щʿŷ粻˵ǶһۣŷΧ
ûƣ͸һ˰ɣ˵ǳǿơ
ŷɨһۣһȻɷһ̲ס¶ɫ˺ü
ҪʲôҸ㣬ǲ´˵ĳǳأﵷҵĻǽ綼û֮ءһʿȵֻȴһ㵣ǣǺ¹ŷᷢһ
ղŹŷ籩¶Ϣ˵һߣսֹܿܲˡ
´˭ҡŷ˫֣һȻӣЦߵûҪʲôƣССһ³ǣٺ١
ŷһӣЩʿзֹҲ֪һЩʿǿߣٳǼǿ󣬶쳣ţԲܵˣȻĻǻ֮ء
ǾùŷҲһʿȻĻôһᵽһز
һ£ȥ³һʿ˵˳ȥ
ŷЦһվЩηԼϣɫм߰˼㡣
˭Ұãһ𣬹ŷȥһ׵ӳ֣Ѫڿŷʱ򣬶ʱ¶һĨЦݡ
Ҫ´ˣԷڣг˳´һŷ磬ٴЦһߣһΪʲôأˣ¡
ЩʿһֱŷˣҲûһɵ


1301 ս
ʵǿ󣬾ǲµһ󽫡ʵϹŴ죬ѹˡ
ŷЦԷгӺͲм
ʲôèǰҰڹ¿ͷ㲻ŷһĳЩʿ飬ŷɱ
ŷĿⶢǸ׵Ľ٣Ŀ¶һɳǵɱ⡣
ԷҲǱŭЩ£ȴŷɱˣȻ̫ںԼµǹŷȴڴӡ
㣬ò³ŷ˵
ڸ߾磬Ȼֳսʵϣ³ǵĳҲδģϾ³Ȼܴ󣬵һŽ統У㲻ʲô
ߡ
ԷߣȻֱӳ֣һͷǣһԾŷɱȥ
ŷһתµϱֱӺһͷǡ
Էɫ˺üһ˿Ѫ
ɱ
ŷٳ֣ǿޱȣֱԷѹ¡
ͶԷһһͷǳ֣ȴȶԷĹҪǿĶࡣ
䡣
Ǹ׵ҽжûзֱӱˡԪһͷС͵Ĳǣʱȫǻֵ̿ɫתҪߡ
߲ˡŷЦһֻ£ԷԪС
ŷֱԷԪ񣬺ܿ㶴Ϥ˶Էеĺܶܡ
ϹŴ졣ŷ૵˵
ڶԷԪУõ˺ܶණвǽвǽһЩǽУɻ˽֮ǹΪΪĻ£ܹǿߣڲǽ˵ֻкô
ԣŷɱǳصǿߣֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬶һǲһˣͲ㱻׷ܶǿ˻
ŷһĨЦݣȻĻǾ͸ˡ
£ǰһսŷͻȻ
𶯲³ǣúܶ𾪣Ҳ˷ܣս³ˡʵϣֳУǽ㲻ϴ֣ҲҲԵģֻͬǿߵս
һͷµĲǳ֣ɫģһ£ڲ֮ϡһ˫Ѫɫӣڹŷϣ˿µɱ⡣
ʿ
ʵ
ǳأҪˣԹˡŷ絭˵ǿޱȣòɫ䡣
ǺǣһߣҲսңΪԼǲʥ𣿼ȻҾͳȫ㣬ְɡ
ûнŷУȻϹŴ죬սȴһеٮٮߣѾսżˡ
ʵ޵УֻҪ̤һǽֻһ޵еЩǽеˣиսµġ
ҽʶһߵŷЦԲǣµһ
һͷڹŷǰ渡֣̤ն𣬳¡
ӡͲӡ֮ʲôϵͬţΪɱͬʱһɫצ£˺һƬգͰӡ顣
ŷ粢ɫս죬ָɱ㱼䣬һͷǣ˻ȥ
ǽӡ
¾ȣǲӡʦŵľѧǲӡ棬ǽӡ쳣ǿ
Ȼ£ӲСĶ㿪һ˫ӣڹŷϣȻɱ
㵽ʲôˣŭһצ£󣬽ŷ档
ŷ粻˵һȭµצײһ
䡣
֮䣬һѵĸо
µˣͻȻһһ˿Ѫһײˡ
òᣬڹŷϣһĨ𾪡Ϊ·֣ŷûκ飬Ǹûһ
һߣԼûˣսƿ£Ȳʥˡ
ѹָսңֻ͵ĻˣӡľѧҶ֪ĶࡣЦͻȻ仯һˣһͷɫĳԵ÷ǳƮݣһɵĸо
ϣɫս׷⣬һѳҲɫģɢſµϢ
һɫĶһƫִһϲ
ŷɫ䣬ŶԷž
ɱ
´·һ£Ȼٺݺ£ΧĿռ𶯣µɱʮ˲
·ֻв³Ƿ⣬סеĲ
ŷЦһһȭҳ
ûκμɣ򵥶ֱӣŷȭͷµĻײһ
綼·ҪˣһƬ磬ֻнɫĹɫĹâ֯һȻ綼޷ڡ


1302 ͨ
һˣеǿ뵽֮һǳҡ
г˺棬˭Ӯ˭䣿Ȼǲµ񣬵Ƕڲ²ûкøСʵϣһˣԡǸͲϵ˵ȻǸǵˡ
Ⱥбǽ˵һɢɳ
ɢһӰ£ֱڳǰ¹ڵϣûһõĵطһ˫ѪɫӣڹŷϣһĨš
ŷŲ£ʵΣ
ˣһ鲻ףȻǱȲʥӣΪλҪҵĳǳأǱʲôǳزܵõǲΪ벻׵һ㡣
ǹŷǽ˽ܣڲǽУԻܵŴ˵ĳǳأһĳǳأܹõףŷΪʲôҪԼĳǳء
ͲҪˣҲһ˵ġŷ絭˵Ȼܸ߶ԷԼǲǽˣֻΪ˾˺ɱ˵ġ
㲻˵Ҳܹµһ˽ܵҪһ·ս۷壬ڵĲǻһϣ´Цŷ񣬴һĨ
ŷ粻ÿɷ˵ˡ
㽫ҲģҵϣЩڵе㡣´Ц
ŷҡͷ˵ôлµҲġŹŷĻһֻ£ֱѹȥ
ǿ𶯣ֱӻٵ˲µŷ粢ûɱǺ͸ղŵĲӡһֱʶѲµԪ
ԹŷǿȻϹŴĸǿߣҲֵܵҲһ̣׹ŷݡ
㲻ҽˣǾݵϢµԪŭʹȥŷӡʮ˭Ҳ˵
¶ˣϧûн㻹Ҫġŷ絭˵ɫƽֱ˶ԷԪ
һŽ˹ŷУַţûκãܹܺõݡ
һУŷ罫ĿͶЩηĶԼĲĳԱǣ˵ӽ쿪ʼ³ɾҷŵˡ
ҲøԼһֱ֣ӽŷ絹ȻŷһĨ³ֱӱ˷ųǡ
ų޽ЩһĳԱȫŹŷ֡
ŷЦûЩˣֱӽ˳
κ˶ûб仯ŷȫ˾ˣЩΪԼϴ˶һǱԼɱȴûκ飬ȻˣһܹǰĵλõĽˡ
ǹܼңŷ纰һģļһ
·ǰĹܼҡС˵
ŷЩȣһﾹȻԼղйأ
ǿ˹ŷеɻ󣬷Ͻ˵һ壬мϣһʿԶһж̫˽ɡ
ȻڹŷһЩıֱ֣˲²⣬ʡùŷˡȻڵĵλԱȣŷҲûбҪԷ͡
΢΢˵ͷŷ˵һ顣
˵
Ͻ˵
ǽУû°һλŮ飿ŷüͷʵдһĨ⡣
ԼĿģʵҲûбҪΡ
²֪Ц˵ǽʵ̫ˣ³Ҳʵ̫СˡʵϣȻĴڣҲܻ֪ǽ顣
ŷ΢΢üŷʵ˭ܹ鵽
ԥһ£Щֹ
˵
ŷ˵͸һѹʱһܹܵŷϵϣȲ²֪ǿ˶ٱȻһҲˡ
ŷսڲǽĵλҪԽʥˡҪ֪ʥڸ߾ʱҲֻǳԽһЩϹŴĴڣԲĶ֡
뵽˾
֪ǽ飬ֻһ˲С˵
˭ŷһ
ͨ˵һ֡
ŷЩ⣬֣Էǲǽˡ
ͨǲǽˣˣֻҽйԲҽġ͵֪ŷǡʿԶںܶೣ˶֪Ķ϶Ƿǳ˽ġ
ܹҵŷѯʡ
ֻĳǳصĳܹͨŷ͡


1303 
ôųŷ綼Щȡ
ǳصĳɲð죬ҪһλֳĶҲʵ̫һ㣬ǱֱԴϢŷΪʸ֮ġ
Χһλ漴ŷ˾
Ҫʲôһʵ֪ʣӹŷĿУѾ֪ŷҪʲôˡ
ֻȴһֲŵĸоһߣҪսһʵ̫ˡ
ҡŷɫһúͶԷϻ
ܵŷɢĺ⣬һ£Ͻ˵Ƿոս粻ã֮ǰڵǸǳأҲΪǳء
ǳػģŷЩȡ
ֻҪΪﵽԽԼĳǳأΪĳǳأԱǿ֮սϾսʧ͵
ŷˣҲǣǿ֮䣬໥սҲܹǿ߳Ƕڴ֡˵ûκκô
ԲǽŻ̨һ涨ʡûǳصȥս
ãھȥŷ絭˵
һ£ɥŹŷ磬ùŷǷˣһߣɱһϹŴ죬Ѿ˵ˣѵּ֡ǿߣ֮ϹŴ죬ǿ˲֪٣ôսġ
ҪǹŷﻹҪռʱЩǿߵԸЩɲˡϾǹŷǳУЩɲʵ̫ˡ
ɰŴˣȻֻǸոս磬ǱϾϹŴһȻܹ´˻ܣδһĶְģҪŷı⡣
֪ŷһУĴڡһոս׶εˣȻǲеġ
ʵУŷɫһʵ
ɫһףȻԿŷķŭȻԼ˵Ļǳ⡣ʶһ㣬̹һӡ
ֻǹĳԭ¡ɪɪʵϣҲһϹŴֻǸոս룬ǺϽϹŴȣֱһǿߵ϶ûУȫûΪϹŴİ
ˣ㲻˵ˣѾˣ˭ҡŷ˵
ɫɷףܵŷǹɿµɱڲ˵ˡ
ҷŷ絭˵
Ȼڵĵط˹ŷ硣
ûٿһۣŷֱʧǸ˹ȥνķųǣûзϡ
ǾųǲԶŷܿ
ΰޱȣȷųٴʮֹǿƣʮϹŴվڳǽ֮ϣŷֵʱ¶ɫ
ŷվ֮ϣ˵÷ҷǰս
˻һЩϹŴȫɴ۾ЩʿһǼΪԼˡ
һߣȻҪս޵еĳֱ̫˼ˣǼһεĸо
ЦһϹŴ̲סЦĿͶŷ磬дһĨ
һߣȻҪǵˣֱ̫ЦˣһǴģרЦ𣿡
һɵƶѣɣҪЦ
ЩϹŴӦһһȫûнŷС
ǵĻŷ¶һĨЦû˵ֻһȭӡ֣һͷ˻£ȲӡʩչҪ˲֪ٱ
ȺϹŴЦţһȴЦˣЩȫɫѿԼĲǵģɫг˾֡
䣡
һ죬һƬǽʧ˶ԾֻϹŴ˳ȫɱ
ȻˣӳˣҲǻȾѪһķѡ
˶¶ɫǶŹŷ磬ֱڿһҲˣԷΪʲôҪսȻȻһߣȴӵս
һʥӡЩĳԱۡ
ԣȲʥӻҪǿ󣬲ʥΪڸ߾ʱ򣬾Բһ֮£ɱôǿߡ
ǽҪˣһǿԺɨʮǽ綼Ҫ𶯡ǿڣ໥˵ɫг𾪡
ŷȴЩĶųڣ˵ҹ
Ŀĺܼ򵥣սȡǳصĿȨȻȥͨ


1304 ն
һµӰ֣ߴޱȣﵽ֮ߣŹŷ磬дһĨŭ⡣
ѣαҵĳǳأʵȻòǻΪӣ⡣Щŭ˵
ᣬ˿µɱ⡣
ҿġŷЦ
ش÷ɫ쳣ѿʲô⣬ֱǴơ
ߣ裬Ҳʵǿ󣬵ұϾһҵǰһ֮¶ϡ˵Źŷ磬ɱȻ
Ȼô˵˶ܹŷг˽䱸ȻûԼ˵ʮ㡣
ʲôŷЦ
֪
ŭһѳǹͣŷɱ˹ȥ
սǷķȴû˵ʲôǰսˣͱսˣǲҪκε壬ֻҪɱ˶Էǳɹ
ǽûôĽܿܡ
ŷҲ֣ǽӡһֻ޴Ĳǣɱȥ
ײ嶼΢ȴƽɫ
˶Ȼ漴¶˷ܵɫǰߣսȻĿڲǽ˵һ¡
ʥӣټǰһˣǽ缴ˣҲҲ˵֪ŷˣȫǼٵġ
ߡ
ЦǹһɱµķâһУŷǰ
ŷ֣һȭָȫ˽ɫԷǹײһ

һľ죬𣬺˺ܶಽ
ŷҲһֻͣЪٴγȥ
찡ǿȻͽӲֱˡ˾
ǽңȻĸ콾Ҳǽ缴˰вһ˻
ŷЦŲǲǽأĳ֣ǲǽ£ǲǽѡȻЩһǲ֪ġ
ɱ
ŷ֣죬һſŴתȫ
ºգޱȣÿһŶ̺ױȵΰɱһеС
ŭХͷ裬ǹָ죬һһ¡ԼҲѪȻֿµƣҲڳױȵ
һըһѪ˺ɳȥһƬաԡѪ飬ܹ׹Ȼܵ˼Ϊµش
˶ɴ۾Ǳãһȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼױ㽫ˣѵʵҪԽɣ
ʶһ㣬Що
ŷ߹ȥ۳һսֱ䡣
𣬼⡣ȻˣҲǺɳȥӱɣڿоֱӱ顣
ǼµһĻһɱֻʣ°ڣҲû޵еƣ˾ͬʱһͬĸо
Ǻǡ
ŷЦһٴ߹ȥ
ءһɿµϢϱȫʢʱڵĺü
µһɵϢһͷµĲǣһǻ١
ŷ级Ȼɫأԥ˲ʵһһֵĴգѹȥ
µı죬춯أŷҵĲͣĺˣȻſµѹ
ŷվǵסˣȻֻ΢΢ЩϢ
˶סˣʱǲ֪ǰˣȻʵղвǱԼʵչֳƿ¡
ȻǿǶ֡
㵽˭ʳĻʩչ֮˵Ϣ˥ܵ˼㣬һϹŴ񶼲硣
šŷȻ˵
¶һĨЦЦ˵У˱̬ʵˣֻһǾǹŷ磬ôĵӣȻһǲǽ硣
Ȼ³˹ŷݣ˹ŷ֡
ŷɫ䣬˵Ҳ֪˵ʲô֮ǰ㾹ȻϿʺӣҷɱ㲻ɡ
ЩҲţϾŷ֣ȫǲһľѧϢǸŷĻʩչôĲһľѧϢ
ʵϣҲȷʵڳղҲֻҪݺһǰˣϾԷҪɱԼԷڵʵӲŷڵĻɱк
ŷս䣬ɱ
һո𣬱㱻ɱЩŷ˾ηǽǿߣǵУŷǲ۲۵ǿߣھܹˣ󣬵ŷΪʵʵҪǿʲôزҲȲǻˣܶԱа뵽
ɱ˷ŷҲһһղŵĻҲһ


1305 ҵ
ʵҲЩ飬Ǳǻǽģ¹ŷᱻǽ׷ɱ⻹µģµǸǻʣŷûκΰգܹһߵ
Уȡ˷ǵĳλãŷӵһƣǲǽֵһ˲䣬ŷеõԼҪϢ
ԭˡŷ̾
˫ֽһѷ֣ŷֱȥˡ
ħǰ֪ʮ֪꣬ʮꡣһ𣬹ŷЩȻ
ǰһӢ꣬ڷ磬һ䣬Źŷ磬ϴһĨЦݡ
ͨϣŷȻ
ǰͨҲϣŷСѣþòˡ꿪ڣЦݣǶڹŷĵȴ˿ȣȻѾ֪ŷ缴ˡ
Ǻþòˣ֪ʲô𣿡ŷʵ
ΪһŮӶսֵǲʵһ㡣Ц˵
㵽ʲôˣŷ綯ݡ
Ҫ֪Ҫ飬ɲ򵥣ΪӣŷһЩ飬ԽԽǻѪ߹ȻһĻߣδܹδ
ȴܹȻһ̫ˣʵҲ϶ǿ
ҾϣҲǰͨϼһ߶߶ùŷһ˵ĳ嶯ҲףԼǶֵĻĿ϶ϼһԼϲģʵֲ˼㡣
ˣϣܹҰ𣿡ŷʵ
ԶǶǧﴦķǣڵûκ⣬ٹһͲһˡϹЦ
ʲô˼ŷɫˡ
ǸʧȥԣӦ˼Цŷ˵
ΰ£ϼһŷֱһ˺ѿռ뿪
Źŷ뿪ıӰЦҡҡͷĿ䣬޾Уսֵܣ㵹һͽܡ
սֵܣǹŷϵĳƺ϶ɴ۾¶ŵɫ
ܹƺսΪֵܵģǸǿߡҲ˵ϣʵǻ߾ǿߣһսǸʱĻߡ
Ϣȥ綼Ҫ𾪡
ŷȻ֪ЩڷǣȻֱ򶫷ȥ
ǧ˵ָһ˲䡣ŷգܵʱһҺԼļʱ
˵ֱӳȥһСһ꣬ʵϹŴ񾳽磬ʱ׼һŮʩŮӲǱˣǰݡ
о˳һ뿪ڣŷһָ
ʲôûü˵㻯˷ɻҡ
ŷ硣¶ϲɫ
Ȳ˵Щˣߡŷ˵һݣ
ڴʱһֳͣŷС
ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬֪ãԼжվŪĶ̫ˣЩ˷ˡ
ҳǳأɱҶӣ㻹ߣһһŮӣǿŹŷ磬дһĨϢ
Ȼߣѵ㲻ɣŷƲƲ졣
ŷĻ̲סЦһЦ
ոճֵŮӣǳص飬Χǳǿһ£ǿߣϹŴ񣬱֮ղűŷɱķҪǿ̫ˡ
ŷ绰΢΢һ㶣Ȼ´һŷ磬ʱ¶һĨݡ
ÿµǱŷľ磬ߣһʵȴǿ󣬾Դﵽ硣
ֿµǱԽǲǽĵһ˲ʥӡ
Ĭһ£˵Ը£ҽɷޣұ㲻ƽɱҶӵ顣
˻һ˶ȣǲŵĶŷ飬Ȼû뵽Ȼ˵Ļ
ϣ°빦ܹһ¥Σ鵹󷽣վʱȴҪ˽ɷޡ
˵κһĳԱ˵ⶼ޷ܾջ
áŷҡͷ
ΪʲôдһĨŭ
Ȼǲʥӣ룬ʥӶܾڹŷܾһֱĸо
㳤̫ˣҲϲŷ˵˻һ˶۾һﻹûȻ˵鳤ó
ʵϣǽ磬ŵŮ
˵˵ĻŭŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ŷʼ磬һνӡ
Ҳ㿴Ƥ࣬ҲһŮҲңԼòԼסƽǴ˵ŷ硣
Σŷָָݡ
ɫѿȻϣȷʵûаƯ


1306 ķ
ЦһŰ˵ǱƯɱĻûƯˡ
ɱŷЦ
Ϊʲôʡ
Ϊɱ֮ǰҾѾɵˣǲɱ˵ģſ֣һŷб飬ŷ飬߰һڸԼĳ
÷ŭŹŷ磬ɱ˸
Ҳɱңŷʵ

һ֣ǿߣȫŷ飬ŷ˹ȥ
ԼߵİһۣŷЦίһ¡
ݵͷŷһֻһӣϾݵΪ̫ˣһݣɡ
ɱ
ŷ翪ڣ
һΣŷûбֻظ֣ɱ⣬µɱ⣬ǳأǼµһĻ
ʲô㲻ǲˣ𾪡
ŷȫ֮£ԴΣѾоŷ粻ǲһĳԱ
Ϊ˾˵ģ޵ǵŷɫĮ飬ɱˣǴѪ
ȻǿƣҲֻ죬¸ֻ죬ԹŷĿµļһǸͲǶ֡
һһ㱻ŷɱ÷ɫ԰ס׽ŷڳУһȷľùŷ뿪ĻãǾͲˡ
һжᣬҴ򿪻֡󺰵ϣŷס֡
ŷЦȷʵסˣʵҪնɱˣҪѲٵʱ䣬ǲǽĵ̣ŷûʱǺȥ
ִ򿪣ŷֱӳ˺գ뿪
ɫ࣬·ȫٵĳǳأᡣ
ڹŷ뿪󲻾ãһ֣£ɱȻǳصӵʱЩ˸Ǳŭ
֪˽ԲŻֻǿӣǸ˵ʵǳǿ
ϾǷûж೤ʱ䣬ԷͻƳȥˣѾ˵һС
Ǹ˵˭һʵǿޱȣվϣ̲סס
ǽڲǻʵĴڣʵɲ⣬˵ѾһΪ˻ߣҲ˵ȻûгΪߣսҲˡ
֪ӡ˵Ȼ󻯳һ˵ӡ
ŷ硣
˵
ִӲĿ˵ʱ𾪡
ŷôҽ綯֣һŵ˵
ڳҲзֹǸûк͹ŷ緢ͻڹŷ֪ͣģԶǲʥӵһʵȻΪ۷ǿߡ
ҲΪǸݡ˵
üʵ˭
һ飬Ϊ񾳽硣˵
ƨ粻һС磬Ҵû˵ŷʲôϵϢһͶʥŮѩһ𣬹ŷһ֮ϵΪ˶һЦ˵
仰һ˵˶ͷǶַġŷΪ˽ݾȳʵȴ˶Ŀ
ҲãԼղŵ˵еЦΪһС飬ǲǽ磬Ȼǲֵá
Ӧһʵ
ϵ׼͹ŷ֮ս˵ãŷɱҲҵһ⣬Ц˵
ǿԮһ£ǣʱͶһս˵˲١
Ǿʹ򣬾ܹöһɵѡ
ǲǽʵһ壬⡣
ӢЩߺ
¶һĨЦݣԵЩ⡣
ȴ֪Լȫǲ´ˣŷҪһûһγֻ֣Ϊ˽ݾȻ
һˡ
ڿˡǿеһطЩԹĶŹŷ磬ڿһĺһ
ŷ뿪ݿû̫ķӦлЩʧġΪԼΪ֮վһܹ͹ŷġ
ȴû뵽ʱһȣǶٶꡣ
ݲǻ޾µ֣ٶ˵ļЩ˵
ŷЩΣ˼˵̫ˣˡ
̲ס˹ŷһۣûж˵ʵҲףԼ͹ŷ֮䣬ʵʲôҲûС˵еĻҲֻйŷԼĶ飬ʵûʸҪŷΪԼһЩʲô
ǺǣҪˣǽ硣ŷЦ˵
ȴҡͷֱ˵ҲҪȥ
ŷһ㶣ЩĶŰݡ
ЩˣҪһֱ㣬Բ뿪ǲԸĻԽ£ҪҡݶŹŷ磬۾һ˿Ө


1307 ؼ
һ˫ɫӶڹŷϣҧŴû˵ڵȴŹŷĻԷһһ
αأҵŮ˲ֹһŷЦ
֪ĸӢȻֻһŮˣֻ֪㵽ԸҪҲ˵紵зԵ쳣ޡ
Ҫ
ŷֱ˵ʹ죬ʹðݶЩ⡣
ΪʲôǰΪʲôˡ
ܼ򵥣Ҫ㣬ԸעһҲ㹻Ҹֻǲίѡŷ˵
ŷĻЦˣٻʢˡ
ֻҪһ𣬾Ҹ§סŷԴļ棬ҸЦݡ
ŷ΢΢һЦһ֮ˣ֮ǰܰݣֻǲԷίִҪԼŷȻܾ
Ҹͺáŷһ§סݣһɫǽС
ãһ췭ظɢңĿ˹ŷһۣдŵһĨۡ
ҴȥҵĹ硣ŷЦ˵
ݵͷڹŷĻУ΢΢һʧ
֮Уʱǿƣʱ䣬֮㣬𾪡
һ콾𣬻Իޱȣǳ磬ս£ݺᣬرǵϵһĿʼ
ŷ羶ֱصԼıȻʱȥˣıȻڡ
˺ٵŷһУˣȫǹŷĹͣǼ֣ûгɹڹؼʱ̣ǵΪ
ԣﱻΪ׼κܹ
ŷʱ߼˲䣬ǿߣϹŴ񼶱ĸ֡
ǺˣȻҴءһϹŴ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ҵļңʲôʱΪ˽ˣ
ȷʵЩף΢΢۾ŷȡһ̣֪ʲô顣
ͬʱԷҲϳ˹ŷݣǺȻĶһۣתҪߡ
ȻˣͲˣ°ɡŷ˵һֱֻ̽ӽĴǿ߽ˣ岻ȥ
ڹŷǰǿǿʵֱ̫ЦˣͲǹŷĶ֡
Ǿ˺ôͣҪĨҵһҵҪǷʵ𣿡ŷЦᵯָϹŴը飬
ֻʣһˣɪɪ־ĶŹŷ硣
ƽʱֻ˵ŷʵǼʶˣʵ̫ǿˣǲȻһûʵ
ŷΪŲ߾磬Ǳ̫ˡ
뿪ȥӣҪңҪǲˣҲûкӹŷ翴˶Էһۡ
ǡ
ǸϹŴսսһû뵽ԼȻܹӹһ١
СĿŹŷ磬뿪
ļңʵһȡ
Ľ񣬺еȫһ¥۴αȣȫ棬Ҳֻܹɹ
ŷڵıǳʮһ͵ִȻ֮ʱ󣬵ȴһֺܿŵ
ֻһۣݱϲ
Ψһļҡŷĵͷش˰ݵ⡣
ݼǰң֪ԺҲԼԶļˡ
أЩʵûиоκˣѵŷ֮ǰƭģûôŮˣ
ڵɽУǰҿʼչأЩΣգǶȥɽ磬ʦһˡŷЦ˵
һ˫ɫӵɴˣŷʦӦúɣ
ʦǿߵľ磬Ϊߡŷ˵
Ȼֻһ۷ʵҪΪߣֻʱѡ츳ֲ̫ˣעɻʡ
ʦһۣĿǺεȵĸɡЩ˵
վģʱȥɽ磬ס°ɡŷЦ˵
ݵͷȻ֪ŷкܶŮˣȻϧ͹ŷĶ磬ҲԺҪĻᣬǺˡ
ŷ粻֪Ļع飬˺ܶˣرǾ˵ǿߣ֪ԼϹŴɱ֮ʱŭһ
Ҳû룬˹
ŷպͰݽ꣬µϢֹڲҪһ㡣
ҫ۵ӳ֣ʱסѹĻ˲ɻҡ
ŷ磬һ׺жˡ
˶Ŀ˹һɫ㯣Ǹ֪ŷ˭ֻϱ¶ɫԼ


1308 ŷ絽˭
ǿѵʲô𣿡һ⣬Χʵ
Ļ䣬㱻һƣһߴӵۣŭꡣ
ίԼƵ˵үүʲô
Ϊ˵˵֪飬ͲҪ˵ŷ粻ܹµġǸ˵ŭ˵ŷֵʱɫ¶һĨлһ˿ȡ
ǸȻĶԼүү
Ǹŷ絽˭ԱҲʵ
һ񡣡˵
ڳ˶̲סһۣȻ֪ŷ϶ĻҲһȥ
СӶǧҪԹŷ粻ȻĻǵļҳ㡣Ȱ档
һ겻ţƲƲ죬м˵үͻƣ˭֪Ǹŷʲô⣬ҾͲżгΪҡ
Ļ䣬һ뷢԰׵֣߳ʲôû˵ֻһƳȥȷԶ
ֱײһǽϣֹͣ
ʹĲҽҪƿڴǵ˵ʱ򣬶ʱ͡˲ǱˣԼ̫үүһ˫ӶԼֱҪԼһ
СҾ˵ˣ㻹ţڷ˰ɡǰڵߴЦ
үүŷ絽ʲôˣ
Ц˵ȺĶҪйŷ磬Ǿݺ磬֪˶ٴˣǲҲ裬ͬ׵ţ򡣡
ʲôŷˣ˾Ĳ˼顣
֮Уǿ߲࣬Ǻ֮㣬ܹսһλĻǲ֪ܲǿߡ
Ȼкܴ飬Ǻ
Ŀеĺ棬ҡҡͷ˵࣬Ǳ˶Ķˡ
Щ̲סһۣǸû˵ŷͷòá
үӣͲҪ̾ˣ˵ɡһʿߴٵ
һۣ߽ĿǸߣЦ˵飬ǿ˵ȽϺá
Ǹ߾ȵĿ˶Էһۣû뵽ԷȻ֪Լݡ
ǿŷڰ׺еĴˣҲΪ죬磬ǿˡ
ΪʲôߵӲûǿͷ
Ϊǹŷ£еĴˡЦ˵
һۣǿЦ˵֪Ҳ٣ʲôˡ
ķӣȻǷӣûʲô˵ġ߿Ц˵Щӣ񷣬֪Щʲô
ǿζĿһۣû˵
Ҳû˵ŷĹΪʱͻѾˡ
һӢӰ̤񷣬л§һŮĿһۣŷ絭˵ȻҺܿǣվǾһҲɱǣڸҹ
ŷԵ˵Ļ·˶ɴ۾ǲ˼ĶŹŷ磬һﵽжôͣȻ˰ԵǷ
ֻЩ˲֪ǰ׺й٣ķ
ŭǸ߸ϣܵʮĤݣʲôʱӹȻ˵ŷսȴãопĳɷ֣ǵʵһߣԲѡ
ŷ磬̫ˡһĿкڹŷϣ˿µɱ⡣
Ǳɱ㡣һҲڣ¡
Ĵڣ£ĮӰ˷ǿϣڹŷϡ
ŷ粻ɽվɫмЦײĲᣬһֻ֡
ǿɫ࣬ǶԷеŭ
㲻Ҫ۸ˡЦ˵
ŷһСӣЦ˵ϹҪ۸ǣԼҲʹ죬һ٣еԲǡ
ðɣǾҪǴˣ۵ġݵƤ˵
һһͣ·˶ĿɿڴĲУǹ⼤ŭ˰
ٻһĬǿЦ˵
ҿӦ˲һߴЦ
ǿû˵ŹŷӰݵɫ
үүжǿʵ
šǿһЦ˵
Ǹͣ첻µز£ֻԼүүֻҪǿ˵ĻûиҲġ
ˣԷͲסһ˴ݵгɱ⡣
ˡǿ˵Źŷܳʱ䣬ǿȻ֪ŷɻʲô
ǿĻЩһֻĸ֣ôܣ


1309 Ľ
ǶԹŷ粻˽⣬ǹŷԵˣȴǿǿ󵽽޵е
ĵܵܿľʵǿᣬȻĻҲ硣
˻ɵУŷϵıˣſľ˵ǲģҲݵǿںģڿˡ
ЦŷΪԼһ޵еˣߣǰҰֱһЦľЦŷг˲м

ŷ絭һЦһֻĨɱȥ
ɫƣ󣬽ľУֻ𶯣ɱ⣬Ҳпµ˸ǹŷ׷ڵΪʩչԾ춯ء
ر飬綼·ĩС
Ǻӻ𣬴Ҫˣǹŷѹסʵһɽ᲻ڡ
ƣֱƿ£˻ܵһ޷ֿơ
ľ¶ɫȻܵŷһƣشĨɱ
ңࡣľ֪ԼС˹ŷ磬ԷʵԶԶ
תľࡣ
ľĻΪһľڹŷ£ͣĲʱһ
ľУͣѪѪȾ񷣬·鼸
̫ǿˣŷֱƿ£һֻֽһѹƳӣҪ䡣
ɫ䣬ŷ繥һ֦УȻŷն˹ȥ
һͣǽۣɱһСӿζŷû
ˡ
ŷ§Űݣ˿δһƶûУÿɫѿվﲻֻǷסһУŷʵǿĲ
ɫƸľɱ飬Ԫ˳ڶ˹ȥ
ŷĹδֹͣſںһ𡣡
ľıۣԪͻȻըֱɢˡ
һ鶼𾪣Ǹŷ𣿼ֱֲ̫ˣһֻĨɱԷ
ľ
Ŀѣһг˱ߡ
ľʦֵܣһ޾£ڶԷȴɱЩܽܡ
ҪѪծѪĿⶢŹŷ磬ĳޡ
ŷƽĶſɫ˵˴󣬾ҪΪԼĴ󸶳ۣԿľˣǾɱҵĻͳְɡ
֣ɵն䣬ŷɱȥ
̫ˡ
ŷ翪ڣֱһȭ
Ǹ籬飬ŷȭƲ䣬һȭڿϣԷҽһɳȥ嶼һըˡ
찡һԼǲΡһʿ
޵еڹŷУֽͬһ˵ֱ̫˼ˡ
߸ϣΰ˷飬ǿ޵Уȴױˣɱ
㲻Σ޵еˣŷȻΪŷ磬ػʲôʱ򣬶޵еġһ߼˵
ˣ
ܶطʡ
գŷݱЩ֪ԭܹɱǿߣȻǵػ
ػȴΪ˵ѹƣʧһˣ֪ŷ硣
úܶ޹⡣
壬˶뵽ʡ
Ľ޵еػ񣬹ѧУУΪ磬̫飬ԶȴػʲôƨˣǾһȺҪУĨɱȴû뵽УһվҪġ
ܶϱ˶ڴЦǼѪڡ
ʵϣȻ粻ܵ˵ַȴϲǣرǴӶʮһ߹ЩˣϰƽȣΪȻһǴҵĵλȴôԵ
ԴӾ˵֮󣬾ȫһˣ˵˸߸ϣ֧ˣǵĺܶȨ˲˳䣬޽ħ칬Ľ綼һǽ˳ƽȣƽȣǻصϸĽײᣬȻϲ
Ҿ˵ˣǶǺˣѹ飬쳣ܶ˶ˮȵС
飬ѾˡֻǾ̫ǿǸûڹŷǿƻɱβ
࣬Ҳɱ㣬ȥ߾˵ĸˣļңܹȾָģҪΪѪҺҲоѪͺһ·ˣûųͬŷ˵
ɫήңʱҪŷĻˡ
ݺݵĿ˹ŷһۣת˺Ѵϣ뿪


1310 
о˵ˣ֮뿪ɱ⡣ŷȥ硣
𾪣ֱսŷǿƵеˣȻǿ󣬵ܹеù˵ѹ
ʱ䣬ǹŷʱ䣬û˿أ𾪡
֪ʲôԵʲô޵С
ŷ磬̫ˣҾܹƵġһϹŴָŹŷ磬ŭ졣
ɵ𣿿ǲǣٷϻĻҲɵ㡣ŷЦ˵
ǸϹŴɫһǰ˿ɲһƲ磬ɱŽ磬ڸղնɱһƹŷ磬пܱŷɵϾԹŷԸ񣬶벻ںʲôˡ
ʶһ㣬ϹŴɫúѿ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣתߡ
ϲġ
ŷƲ죬һսûУԺҪֹڵľˡ
У޵С
һȺ˳ŷ󺰵
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˰֣ȥɣڿʼָǰ˭Ҳܴơ
ǡ
Щ˷ܣȻ뿪
ŷԼؾͷŷͷʾ⡣
ЩɣڶѾΪߣǿޱȣ츳ֲʧȥѹƣɳ֮ν콾ҪѸ٣ǵĵʵ̫ˣʶϹŴ񾳽磬磬⡣
ڻ߾磬ǲһܹȥģŵ£δܹһ
һнǻȥɡŷ§Ű˵
ݵͷǹɣŹŷ磬ص˱
ţŷӦļˣ¶һĨЦݡ
ɡŷЦ˵
ǿԼ˽ɫŷг˳羴
겻ˣǿôϳӡŷ翴ǿӣ̲סЦ
ǿЩ˼ͷ˵ʵǲϰ߱˵ӣһˣҵĺӶүүˣһʮӣǲˡ
ŷָָԼǿŷ֣ԼղŵĻԹŷһŷ˵֣ʱһ
ǿǸŷ˰֣˵Լֵܣ˵仰ҪôЩô
ٺһЦǿЦ˵ǲжŮڶѾˣŶɣݼ̫үүģͺͺһɣҲ֪ôƺˡ
̫үү
Ŷһ㶼ֱӹ±㺰
ףԼһ̫үүʵֵ̫ˡɱйŷɽպкߡ
ɡŷЦ˵
ŶɺʵڣڵϿͷվʱĴŹŷ硣ŷȻﲻȴһϣЩηҴһ¡
⺢ӵĸǲĹ̫ˡŷ翴Ŷһۣ̲סҡͷ
ŶɵʵŲɾ磬ǰ˿ƾ콾ˣԻ͵ĴûκѹƣԵ÷ǳƽˡ
ŷ緢֣Ŷɵĸǲֻķţʵ̫ˡ
Ͻŷ̫үүһԼһۣǿЩƣһôôƽʱܼ飬ڹŷ綼˵ˣȴ޶ԡ
ŷȻ˵⣬Ϳ϶Ҫ
̫үүŶһ飬ǷǳѵõĻᣬƾԵ
ŷɱľˣķţһ˵ֱƽˡ
̫ɵԼĶսȻ˵ķţǻһ֮úѧϰɻķϡŷһ⣬ûŶɵԺС
˶ʱһ飬ˡ
ǿϲ˼㣬û뵽ŷ羹ȻԼͨķţڸŶɡֱֶ̫ͣˣʹ֮ǰû
٣˵Щʲôأллˡǿ˵
Ļһڣŷʱ̲סЦҵ㻹˽𣿶սȻԼˣͶҲˣѧãȥöɽҲڸǵļˣúԽǿԽá
ǿĵͷŷ籣֤ģţǲᴫڸκ˵ġ
ŷ粢⣬ΪһţȻ˽ԼķţҲҵԼ㡣
ǿԶǸˣۺͨͷţֻǸֶΰˡ
ȻһЩǿͨͷţ糬ԽǵʱҲԵá
λɩӰɣֵܽһ¡ǿĿݡ
ɫһ죬ȴ󷽷վ˳˵ҽаݣ塣
ңҡǿһȻڿԺ͹ŷֵƣʵҲףǹŷ翴ԼȻд


1311 ۼ
ǿʱ䲻뿪ǹŷҪģǿǿڹŷԵĵˣԽԽǿˣǿΪȷʵʺϺһΪһСģͺױǣǿȻûʵֿġ
һʱ䣬ŷ´硣
ʱЩ֪ԼһֱŪˡˣֻʤʵȡߣػڸǣ˰֪꣬Լػ˭
֮Уǿ߶׷׳֣˵ŷ£Ĺ
ʱ䣬˵ǿߣȫˣǲСϾŷʵ̫ǿˣɱһǱߡڹŷΪҲ˵ɱŽ磬ľ˵ĳԱȫɱ
û򣬸ͲǹŷĶ֡ԣ뿪һֱȻ
ָ糣Ƕʮһʱƶȣúܶ˶оɡʱһȺҲҵ˹ŷ硣
λѣʲôңŷЦʵʱһ̲ɹ̫̫ɡ֮£ŷһ棬еܣĺˮ˵ң
ӣʵ̫ˬˡ
һڹŷһ棬ʱְһѣŷĿУۡ
˲Ǳˣǿߡ
ŷѣҪһһħ˵Ѫħħʱɳڸ߾磬ǿޱȣսһϹŴ
Ϊһ壬裬ҵȶ飬Ҫ֤һİҵѾһˣͬڸ߾磬ʵǿޱȡ
ҵԸΪǰ䣬ܵѵǲһ޽ǿߣͬǿ߰˽ףһսǿŷܹоȻѪħǶδܹս޽ǿߡ
޽ǿҽܣԳ۵¡
һԿˣǶڳʲôûȤŷҡͷʵѾ⼸˵ĿˣֻǲԸû˵
ѣҿ㻹ǳһȽϺáһĲ֣еϣһͨһڳˣ¶𾴵ɫ
Щ꣬ݣĲ֮ǿ̾칬ǿߣŶ
ͿľȥһսյĽǳ𾪣֣ҲûܽĲôֻܳ칬Ķ
˶֪ĲʵѾˡ
ԶԶԽǵΪЩаݷ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ˣһȺӱɣȻҲǾѪȴѾû˾ѪĻ꣬ˣվǲܳõģʹǿһȫǸӢ۵ĺǲ䣬ԲŻᱻҪȵĻԻ֪ͣһˣȻǣҲǻģٴΰھ֮ϡĲЩ˵
ŷɴ۾ĲᣬɫŹֵ˼㡣
һﲻǺƽ𣿽徲Ϊʲôʱôˣɻ˼㡣
ŷѣʲôɻĵط𣿡Ĳᱻŷ񿴵Щë
е㻳ɣǲǱ˵ˣղŵĻ˵ġŷ˵
˹ŷһۣĲᵭЦܾǻãȻȣҲˣǴȱС壬Ϊǡ
һ̫ˣûǸйԼȥɡŷ˵
һߵİĺЦûмһֿɵõԸơǰЩ˵˼ȻֻҪŷͷǾͻȫŷġ
һȺǿ߰ȻҲ֪ϻиǿϹŴǰһȺߣˡ
Ͼ磬ǿ˾ԼҲΪ
ͬҲͬ⣬ͬҲҪͬ⣬磬ѾʼΪˡĲЦ˵Ѿ³ŷķӦһ㶼Ծ˵
ŷһ㶣ɫŹֵ˵ۼ𣿿ҲһףҲ棬û˻ǵġ
ŷɲŪһʲô˵۵顣
ģǻŵġĲһĨЦݣôǻЦ
ΰ£Եƣ򡣡ŷЦݽס쵽˶ʱ׶ԷΪʲôôĲˡ
Եŷ׼ңԳ棬Ȼ˲š
ԵЯ֣һĽȴ͵ͬʱһ磬˶һۣ֪ŷѾ֪ˡ


1312 ׻
Ե޶ǻһЦʱһֳɹƵŷĿС
ڹŷ磬쳣ơǰһҺĲᣬȻԥıһָ
ɫǿգûпʱĲᵹһµӣһгɿգӹŷıġ
˵ɣʲô֣ŷûʵ
˻һĲǶʱףŷѾǵİźͽ飬ǵ϶ʱ¶һĨϲɫ
ݡ
Ĳ˵
ŷȴҡͷ˵׻׻ȷʵΪ̫Ǿͽ׻ưɡ
ãͽ׻ơ
˶һۣû
ʵϣˣ׻Ƽ䲿ڵĺ˵׻һԳ׻ƣЩݵӱȷʵԡ
˵һ飬ƽʱʱҲ飬ûҪ飬ҪңСԼ죬Щŷ˵
˻һĲ̲סЦû뵽ŷȻǵİţȴŪһС
˦ƹ񣬲ҲˣŷֻҪ׻ƣԺȻӲҪеһЩΡ
׻Ƴ硣
׻ǿһ֪սһѪĵɱˣڹŷ׻Ȼһģ׻档
УһЩŽǿ쳤ХǶһȴǿޱȣͶ߾磬һϢȴ˵˼㡣
Щ߳콾׻ƵĳˣսѪڡ
磬׻ƴһҫǾսѪٹ⡣
׻ƣŷֳһΪȲʹ˲ҪĴħ
ŭѾյϢŷɱһפеǿߣȫ˳ȥ
һֳƣǷС
·ӧҪ硣Ŀ⣬ȫڴ顣
û˿ùŷ磬ĵ̫ˣڡ׻֮УֻսǱǹŷĲᣬھˣʵ̫ˡ
ȴ֪ԯݺع飬Ϣ̻֮ص硣ͬʱȥ콾ʱҲع飬׼һս
Լ磬ЩҲ׼׻ƣȴ׼׻ƣֿС
ˣȻѪͨվӱĺ֪֮󣬼Ϊǡ
ŷӦһЩǿߵĻع飬¶һĨЦݡ
ͬʱŷܵһϢĸˡ
·ѹǧǿ߻ۣѹѹһƬǿ֮ϣǸ磬ᣬɱ
ѹǣǵϵɣԼ
ŷǳŵǷôᲨ档
ʵϣ·ǿǸͲ˽ʵǰϹԴ磬˵Ǻܱߵһ顣
磬սŷǿ£һ˺ɨһͲ⡣
˵ŷˣʲôһӰ֣ϴһĨЦ
˭ܵɢĿϢһʵ
һĨЦݣӢ䵽˿ڵΪۣǿԳƺΪ۴ˡ
ۣһﾹȻˣʵȻѾ硣
ʲôƨۣû˵ǰֱһЦǺܿۡ
ȻΪ磬ȴܹǸոս룬һ죬Ѿˣ۲ԼĶ֡
֣ϼһ￴㡣һ٩һ֣ħ죬ΪϹŴ죬һϣȴ˿ۡ
ڤҽѵƳһۡ
˾Ȼڤ۳Уס·
УûпңҸҪ֣ҪԼ򡣡ڤƲ죬Ųɵء
ޱ飬˵ȻҾʹ
ƣɱȥ
־ӿѹ£޾ɱһС
ľڸо֮Ĳ࣬ԷǿȻһ죬ǾʵȻ֮ϡ
һй顣˵ʩչֹͨɱȥҪֻ顣
ʵеȫһֺգſµϢֱӽͨ飬ѹ
ߵϣȻֻһ˿Ҳ㹻ǿ󣬿ɺɨһеС
մ𣬷Ԫ
ٳ֣ɫ죬Ҫ۵Ĺס


1313 ǿ
ۡ
һ죬飬Ԫ˳ȥָɫȴǲ԰ޱȣ۵г˾
ղ΢һ㣬ᱻɱ
۵սԶԶ֮ϣֲ˼㡣
ϲġ۵˵
ɱ㡣·һ˿ȥվ˳۳֡
⣬ͬˣͲ۵Ķ֡
·ɫ࣬ŷûмǾѾɱȻǧȴʧȥ˵
⼸˵ãǵʵľδܹκιŷǡ
ιǵʵаôһﶼӮƾʵɱŷ磬ǺȷȥɡڤǴһỊ̃˵һ
·ȫɫѿȴĲԼһʧˣǿ󣬹ŷߵ˸ǿԶԶǵ
ǵʲôˣǺ޹أʹ뿪ǵ˾ˣܹܵġ˵
ʼ磬ڤź˵ܿϧǹŷѣ֮ˣ˵Ҳףǿ϶߾Ͷˡ
Ǿɣɱŭ
һ·ˣǿ֣߳Ҫɱڤ
Ȼڤˣҵǵʵܵסǿߡ
ڶൽһεʱҲʱġǿߣϹŴҲкܶ࣬һȺ˳֣ӲƴĻ˲䱻ɱ
ֱӶܣλ飬ǿߵĹ
ղһƬձ飬ȫ
˵˶ǲǣڤЦкһڶԷȻУӰ֡
ţǻǳ֣һֻ£ٸǿ߱飬ڷ
Ұħħƣڤһˣüķ⣬һɱ۳Ѫ䣬ͬɱǿߡ
ӵսǿߣ˶ľɫࡣ
ŷ绹δ֣ѾĴǿˣսԷжǿߡ󲻵ǿԿ϶սǿߣԱеĸࡣ
䡣
ɱٸǿߡ
սǿߣ𾪡
ٹעˣҲЩĿɿڴежǿߣ޷󣬵ǿԿ϶ǣеǿߣԲʶǼ
ôܣ
ɫѿԼˣ־ٴѹ¶ֵɫ
һˣһȴδôˡ
ʩչ֣ͨҪֱ飬һжͽͣתȸղŸǿƣȻδѹѾʼķˡ
ǿߺȻҪ֪ǿߣȻѹƵزʵֲ̫ˡ
ҡͻȻһ
ڴʱһֱֳֻ֣Ӳ֣ǿ𶯣ۺˣĿ粻Ǹ֣΢΢Щء
ֺգǿޱȣ֣ѹ
ɱ
ۿڣֱӭȥӲǸ֡
߼ײȴǸҲ飬ѪȾ񷡣
һ۵ĿһѪĿо˸ĳط
ߡ
һµϢ٣ֹȥ˶ɫһ䣬Ǹܵһְѹ
ϳһɫս׵ӣͷһͭң·ɱʮ㡣
ηû뵽㾹ȻܹסҵĹӿڣ۵гɱ
ηҪĨɱǿĺ󱲡
㲻ʲô˵ޱ飬ǻϢǿ󣬵ֵգһϢûǿƵϢ۵б¡
ˣһǵһ˵ѪʲôԷڣԳѪ
𾪣˸֮һѪīҪǿƣȻҲˡ˶ףˣĲֹô򵥡
ҾҲҳǵǰ֪ôд𣿡ʵɫĮ
ƾǣҲɱңѪЦ¶һĨѪЦݣмɨ˼һۡ
һսĻɱûڤվǰѪ˵
΢΢ͷĻ治ǶԷĶ֡
ǾͳְɡѪ̵˵ˣɭȻޱȣһὫ˺Ƭġ
ڤͬʱЦһ̣ǳ˳ȥ
˳֣ɱѪ
һսչ˼ҵĲɱ


1314 ׷
Ѫ𶯲̧֮䣬޾ǳǿ˼㣬˲ͷϵͭɳۺɣѪ
ͬʱ־죬ѹѪѪ
ڤ֣ħƣɾͻħĳΣȻѹ£ǺӶˣٴը飬ܲסڤϡ
Ѫơ
ѪԼħ
ڤ˳ȥȾѪҲʱԼ󣬽ǹȡ˳ֱ˳ȥ
Ѫ屻һը顣
棬òޱȣû˭ȡѹԵơ
˶Ŀɿڴݸǿ޵е۷ھȻսһزһֲŵĸо
ʲôݸʲô۷ˡڤЦ
û˵еˣֳأһϢѹһŴǣ졣
Ѫɫ࣬Ϊ޵е۷徳磬ʵޱȣȴû뵽ǰȻһ˶ûռ
ţŭȫӿͷ
С˵ɱû˰ɡڤЦг˳
Ѫޱ飬˵ڲûռˣҳϸղСˣҲ͵ΪֹɣҪ֪ʲô۷޵С
˫ֽӡһͷѪɫӳ֣ɱȥ
۱ɫܵһΣգϽˡͬʱָ䷢⣬һָ֣˹ȥ
𾪵ǣѪɫӴݻһУȻͨˣ۵壬ʱķѡ
սΪֹܵ˵صĴˡ
۷޵УС̫ˡѪЦг˵⡣
𣿡գ˵
ѪһʱЩٴһѵ۽ն

ѪҽУһ㱻룬ȫѪķѡ
ڤ֣ǹֱӶȥѪԪ棬ʹһ㱻ɱ
˶Ŀɿڴ޵еľ˸޵Уȴ֮£һ㱻ɱ
Щˣվһġ
ŷ绹δ֣Ǿͱش˲ٸ֣ľ
ѪӶݣ˳ȥĿдһ˿Ѫɫ˵ϣԹ֮дһ˿塣
ˡ۴ЦȾѪȴǿƣѪ
ͬ罻֣ɱȻڣҲסֻɱڤЦ˫ֳǹµɱ⣬Ѫɫ
Ƕ֣֪Լˣվȥֻбնɱһ;ѪȻѪǲǲЦһǱ˶𣿡
Ļʮǿ֣߳һ£ƣǿ˼㡣
ʮе𾪣ܶǿĹŽ磬Ҳ׵ôǿߣʵ̫ǿˡ
Ȼʱס˾ˣǶԾˣȴӵĲˡ粻ǿʵʵҲЩĹŽ磬ǾԵʵѾˣУǿ
ˣʵ̫ǿˣԶ硣һһֲɵеƣ˾
ǾȣΪֻԼ˳ȴû뵽ѪȻô˵ûг֮ǰǿ϶᲻ǵĹ͡ʱȴ롣Ϊ֪ƾˣȻǲġ
ǧǿһҲһǧǿȻ࣬վвǿߡ
ɫ΢䣬Ȼû뵽ԷȻôֳ֡
䡣
һµϢһ٣ŭӢ䲻վԯݺһ
Ͻ·УԮ硣
ʱΪѾﵽ磬һսΪǿӰ˻ϡ
һġѪЦ
ҿɣŷڳ֣ڸ߾磬ڳˣȴûһӹŷġ
ʱɫƽѪЦ
ǹŷ硣
Ѫкһ۾¶һ˿̰
Ѫʲôƨ˵ĸѵû˵𣿾˵ˣ׼ŷ絭˵
ŷĻѪЦһĶҲҺ˵ǳķﵨˡ
쵰
һŭ𣬰һµϣѪһУֱӺ˳ȥ
Ϲģ䣬ָ֣Լ۷սľ磬ʱ䣬ֱӽ۷ս죬ʵԶԶԽǰ
ʱһ֣ǿʵľȻѪûеס


1315 ս
ѪŭʵϹΪҲԲߣ֮£ͻȻ֣Ѫûзűӡ
ŭŹ࣬к˸Ҫһ
ЦȻ塣
ţС˾ӦᡣŷЦ⡣
󽫣ҵûгõһΪԼ޵ھȻҳ֣ѪŭŹ࣬ǵһ˿Ѫɫ
һȺųʲôø߰ģһȺӱǴѪսأڵİڵ磬ӢܵĺҪƿǲܵġ˵ڵ飬֪ķǳȻ׾˶һˡ
ѪɫĮ΢΢鴤һ£ûз
һˣڹЩ˵ǰԶ̧ͷʹθ߰Ȼı䲻ӱݡ
ųԶĳ衣
飬ҵȴˣڣȴҪɱ˹ŷ磬ǾˣɱѪ˵
ƾʲôɱһĨмЦݡ
ƿ磬֮ôԾ˵ʵֻҪǳֻ֣Ͳ˶ͷѪǳŵ˵
粻ҪػȻҵػԼļ԰Ĳ֣вһ˿̻˵Ļȴ쳣ᶨ
Ȼƴ󣬵׻ҲԯݺҲչ𶯣ɱ⡣
˶һľĸоﻹûǿȴô˼ҪϢ
Ѫ̲סһǿߣ׻ж١
˾ӣмСΪ顣ӳ֣ʮ꣬쳣ţѪˣһľ
ʥ
ܶ˾ǻĵλǳߵһʥˣʱ֣ŷԯݺǶ¶𾴵ɫ
ͷѪȥҵȲɱֹꡣ
ǳǿƣȻôʱȥˣΪ죬ɢϣȴѪĸǿ߶ľ
սѪܹоһ̬ʵƿ¡
£ȻѪռϵƣȴսˡΪŷȻ٣ǶǿƣߣܹŷǿߵֻһǾѪ
Ȼ֮⣬жʮǿߣǽսǼذܡ
ѪɫÿüͷŹŷǣûж
㡣һְֳͷǿߣʵ֮ѪҲ̫ࡣ
ŷһˣԼɱ˴ĶӣԷһζǳԼġ
ȻĿŷ磬¶޵ɫɱãҪѪծѪ
ҪɱңͶְɣҿԿ϶һ㡣ŷЦ֪һսɱ⣬ԷǿԮѪ벻ٹ˼ɣһ϶Ὺս
ʶһ㣬ŷ·һ⡣
Źŷһ⣬Ͽգȫһ㻤šǹŷ絽ɽĸˣµĴʡΪǵս顣
ɡ
۾дųޣŷ˹ȥ
ɱ
ŷ翪ڣ˫ӡ¾񱻴ȥײһ
ͬʱˣƽɫ˭Ҳ˭ǿ
΢΢һû뵽ŷʵȻǿһزʵȻֻܺ͹ŷһƽ֡
Ҳ֣ԯݺأһǧٵǿը飬ѪԯݺĶ֡
ѪתҪ֣ɱԯݺᡣ
ҲʱѪǰֱӺȳһֶϻ꣬ȻѪĿǿߣ޷סֱը
һ¾սֲľ
ڤƣҪħʱǿޱȣսȻ·磬ȴһ㶼ʾ
۸ǿƣѾ磬Ͽֲ츳ֱӳ֣סԷˡ
ʽ֣彣ǲ֪ʲôʱѾʱ֣һǶϹŴ񾳽磬֮£ԽԽˣ֮УԵֿ
˫һ˼սԡѪȴҲԷɱˣը
չֳԼ󽫵ƣȻ۷ս𣬵һɫѪƵһԣסǿߡ
Ұħɱ죬ͬסȴռϷ硣
Ĳȱǳȴ˿һսʱǧ֣ɱǿ߳ƬƬ䡣
ѪĹԯݺᵲסǿߣأӢΰأʮ
ȻˣûжֵģЦҪŷչΧ
ȫɫ


1316 ش
սһֱֳԵġ
ŷ߿һۣͻȻһһһģһ˳֣ɱ˹ȥ
һ塣˾
ǵͨ죬ܻԼһսȻҲ츳йϵֻܻһ
ȻˣҲˣһʵԼͬķͬȼԾУʵ̫ˡ
ŷ绯ķսߣǿޱȣսսףƿħɨ
ñ̬ļһ
ܶ˿һĻ̲סһ
֮ͬУ˭ܵУȻҲûмĶˡǿо
ŷı֣ʵ̫ˣһ˵סߣһ˻ǴĿ´ڡ
𾪣ͬҲǳŭԼˣŷԼһսȻȫԸͬʱ˳֣һ衣
ɱ
ڣɱȻ
һִյգɢſµϢ̫ϣѹ˿µܡ
𵴣ռ䶼ٻˣĴѹùŷ綼ܵ޴ѹ
ɫأһȭһȭָֻظ֣ʵĴ磬ɱ⣬ա
ѡ
ŷ翪ڣֱӺȳһֶϻꡣ
üĳһѺۣһŷˡ
ʲôȻˡ˾
ŷ̫ˣ츳˭ܱȣעҪɻˡǿ߶Źŷ磬к˸
ȻǷǳɵŷ磬ɳ
̫ǿƣǳɻʣܿҪͳһ硣ʱ糼һǶΪ˵ūš
ȻҲ˸ˣЩžĹйŷǿߣоԵļ
ŭˡ˵
С̫Źŷ磬Ӵѹɢ𶯹Žδ
ʮպա
ʮյգһ̫磬ŷС
һڸ£ŷ繥ɱȥ
ŷ֣ЩڣҪȥȻҲѹˣд粽С
ҵ磬ұǾԵƿߣҪҵ磬ҵΪҪߡЦ˵⡣
ŷˣ뷨ȻѪǿߣǽĴ磬ҲӳȥŷʵȻȻѪҪһ㡣
ȻΣ֮ɾҵΪŷ˵ͻȻ
ڹŷߣֻظ֣ϵ棬졢ˡޡֻأΧڹŷߣסй
ͬʱһ̫ͼ֣תȻķ֣Ȼڷľ
Ҫҵ磿ǿЦ飬ŷɱȥ
𶯣Щڻ飬Դŷڡ
ЦûйãЦˣŹŷ磬¶ɫŭôܡ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬磬㱻ʮ֮һȻܲôǹŷȴûһգٶȷˡ
ֻ֤Ҫ㹻ܹΪûνƿڳȫѪһۣһ㱻û뵽ȻһزΪŷõԴ
ڹŷ˵Բ⣬þû㹻
ɫÿʶŷǲһҪһ֤ǿߣֱ̫Цˡ
ա
ֱջ磬磬ʵһ磬ǷȻԸˡ
ջһ˲䣬ŷ͵۾µĳ磬ȥ
ɫؿڱѪ˺ɳȥ
ն
ŷȣüĵ罣նȥǺӶˣһ޴Ľۣ֪ж೤ֱ˴ϡ
ۡ
ը飬Ԫ˳ȥֵĿ˹ŷһۣתӡ
ѾףԼԲǹŷĶ֣ʵûʲô
ȻԼĶӱ𣬵Բ뽫Լȥ
ߣŷЦǵˣȻ߶Էһ۷ˣԲһ£ߵ˵һв
ŷֱ׷ȥٶȺܿ죬̽ҪĨɱ
ɫܵԼѾŷˣֻܺӲ


1317 Ҳɱ
պաԪ𣬻һС̫ŷĴֺȥ
һ죬һķѣԪ³˼ھѪԪ֮ÿһζſֲĵУֱ³Ԫ֮ΪֱӴ
̫ˣ˶ͬŴ
һɱز˵һֱ
ŷ飬Եˣûʲô˵ģֻиɵԷܹԼøáٴγָֻ֣ظ֣ɱ⣬ǰӿ£û
꣡
Ԫķѣһ̣㸴ˣǿһ𣬲Ҳû֮ǰƣɱĲһˡ
ҪɱҡŷԼɫ䡣
ŷ粢Էָ̧Ҫɱһµĸ֣ǸղЩУ˹ŷ֤ŷҪսʤԷǷǳѵģԴʵŷδܹʤ
һֲĵ֣ڹŷһ֮⣬û˿ѹƶԷŷȻԸŹ
һպ󱨸ڹŷ˵ܿɾ޴𺦡
ɫܵвʱȻƽ۾ȴĵ
ݺһûԼˡͷ֮ǾãǲܽܣûеôֲҲֻһ˲䣬㳹ʧȥ֪뿪䡣
ס֡
ڴʱһϵһָͷѹ䣬ŷӲһŷͻȻɳȥ
ۡ
һѪӹŷĿϣк
ʵԶ֮ϵǿ߳ˣŷͲǶ֡
ˣǸģҪһѾڻˡ
Сֻ֪֮͵Ϯ𣿡ŷЦ˵
Ļ˻ȻǿߣǾùŷ粻֪ղŵһѾ˵ŷ粻ǶԷĶ֣û뵽Ȼ˵Ļ
ѵŷ绹к֣Բ㹻ĵƶԷ
뵽Ѫһ
ǿѾϣǼȥеòʧˣϾɱ˹ŷǣҲʧܴһѣھ˵һ鷳
ϾŷһȺˣҲʵ̫ˡɳעǧţǶδĴΪУͷۡ
ɱһò͵Ϯһ˳֣Ϣˣɫм
ŷһԷϵϢЩϤӴ
㣬졣ŷЩȵ˵
رԴ֣֣ҪȾָ껨ŷ統ʱϢû뵽Էʱ򣬾ȻٴγˡҿӣӦվھ˵һġ
Сû뵽ССһϣȻ֪ĻʱӦĨɱ㡣ɫ䣬Źŷ磬ٴ˵ڿҲԽĨɱ
ƾҲɱңЦŷЦη壬Էȷʵǿ󣬽ڻʣǶ֡
ǹŷȴҲ㹻ĵΪһ죬˺ܶ׼
ϣȻżҵˣҲпʱϧǣҪˡ쵭˵ʮ㣬ΪһΪ˻ߣŹŷԲĶ֡
ʵϣŷҲȷʵĶ֡
ɱҡŷ絭˵
ЦЩΪȻŷ֣Ҫŷɱ
ڴʱͬһָͷѹ䣬ϣԺˣȾѪ
˭ŭɫͨ죬ԼղŷˣŹ˶ã˶ԴԼŭ
ҪɱҵƾҲ䡣
һֲŮ˲ûг֡˶ܹоһɿµϣ˵ϣֿµѹڻߣĶҪ¡
Ȼڳɻʵ·ϣߵĸԶ
λŷ¶ȵɫʵн˹ȴû뵽ֵ˲գȻԼһ
ֻǣż̫߳ˣŷҲ㲻Լһ
Ӧú̫үү𣬳Ц⡣
̫үүǾǹŷŷ羪ȣᵽŷ磬ΪߣڼҪΪˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ŷѣҾ룬һۿҵģֻһŽףǸʱʵѾ֮˰ɡȻ֪ŷ̫үү˭¶һĨЦ˵
ʱ죬õ˹һЩΪһ㣬ǸʱģҵһŷһĨЦ⡣
Ļһ䣬һµӰ֣ҲͶʮ꣬ڷ磬Ӣǵ̵һƺأǱȴǳ͡


1318 һ
¶Ȼ˵ɫʵΪż֮ˣŷ綼ô̫үүôܻ᲻졣
ŷΪ
̫үүŷǰ
áŷЦŷг͡
ʵ̫ˣһ츳ƿֲ˼㡣
ŷվͷû˵
Ŀת죬ŷʵ죬һս
ߣսӿ
Ŀ¹ŷʵĴڣȹŷԶˣѾһֻ߾磬ڻʣһ˿ܹѹǿߵ̡ԹŷȻŲ䣬ҪʤҲôףԷҲﵽ磬һս֮£ʤϡ
˰ɣҪװǻƣҪΪþþҪһսҾԲ·磬㲢ǿţǹŷȴţ죬̬ŵ˼ܣΪּǿߣǾͻܣȴû뵽·ɱһŷӣ̫С
˵˵ʵ൱
ĻŷȻռơ
ǾݵˣǲҪҵĺáһվ˳ϴЦݣһģˣ쳣񣬷ǳĺͰס
֮ɫһ䡣
춼̲סһ˵һĨأȻǼɵޱȡ
ôôңһ᲻˼ġЩ˼˵΢΢ЩɬôҶɴ۾
˶ܹоһǿߣǣʱȴģ˳ԾЩЦá
˵һˣҹŷȻ᲻ӣҴֹꡣŷЦ˵
ʶˣ˵һƺùŷ̲סһ
һȻĻŷҲԷӡ
ֻǣһ˼ӣŷɫЩ죬Ǿ˵ĸôôۣһδӡ
ҪжϣҲھУҶײʮ磬ΪԷӾѪҪѪǾѵõļɣ֮ûвսΪΪǳ龳磬ûвսʸ񡣡ŷŷ紫Ϊ͡
ԭŷ񣬲ᡣ
ŷǺҪôĿ졣
΢΢üЩõ˵ҵ飬Ҫܡ
ֻһѣǲͬ⣬Ҳǿ㡣Щ˼˵ĿⴿһӤһ
ͷɫźÿ˲١һ̣ȴһ㱩ߣߵŷߣŷǲ
Ҫʲôŭʵ
ЩԻͷ㲻ͬ⣬ҾͲǿǰҾŷǣǴܣǾͻͬˣðɣ
˵ɫЩ⡣
ŷĿɿڴӲɣ
ҲǿЦãû˵ҪݣǾ˵ĸ׻Ƶˡ
𣿡ɴ۾һ޹ӡ
ʱһĳ嶯һǹģҪ
Ǿ˵ĸǡ
¶һԭ˵ɫ˹ŷһۣ˵Ĳܰˡ
Ѿˣһ죬ҵСŷЦ񣬵ǳ͡
ǺðɣĴӮĻһߵļλҲ֣벻Ƕ֡ͻȻĿɨķ
ʲôΧˣŷЩ⡣
ûиоˣĻ֮۾ӦһŸ̾øֶΣյҲ˰ɡ
ŷЩ𾪣һߵʲôˣȻɽĸ֣ͨأȻܹ֣ʵʵǿ
ʦʦŷһ֣Ƕ¶ȵɫŷ羹Ȼʦ⡣
ѵǰ׷ֻ̣Ѿʧ𣿶Ұ׷̾ҲһɻʵˣͰ
ŹŷµӰ֣һµأǿޱȣǸǣɱȻ졣
Сӽ죬ȻҪɱͽܣ԰һ״γ˵ǰ
ǿޱȣ𹿰䣬ùɫ
ŷɴ۾ǺˣȻѾ뵽ǰǿ˭˵е飬ȻĴڣһΪԼӵʦһֲ˼ĸо


1319 
쾪ܵһǿв
ԷǺͬԵʵ֮ϣвʵ
ɫ΢΢쳤Хһͷ⣬ʱ˳ȥ𹿰ȥ
ۡ
ⱬ飬һѪԺˣյдһĨ
Է̫ǿˣ
𹿰գˣȻѹ¡
٣λ顣һɢһգȻ𹿰ȥվǶȥˡ
ڲԶԻԼ壬Ѫղֻһ㱻ˣ̫ǿʵѹ
㵽һǿߣȻкǾԡʵĿ䣬յϣҪһ
ɽʥס֣ԺĤҵġյ˵ûм֡
ǳ֣Ѿ㹻λʥʵȫǳ£ȻţħǣҲ١
ɽ磬;֮ͻǲκγͻ
ɽ磿δôǿһ硣üͷһڻʵ޾£иûеɽһ硣
ϾµȻΪԻ͵ʱһ磬Ҳġ
ȴû˵ɣǲںԼ
ɽδҪɱҵͽܣҲ֣ƴҵȲǣǶˣҲδػǣ˸ǣͽаʦ֮ϡյ˵ǻݣȴ쳣ǿơ
ˣҪĵֻǼŽǡҹŷ绹аʦΪԽգʲôӵĴڣ붼֪
ߣһлߵĴ磬ƿ¡
Ȼ죬¶𾪵ɫɫЩ粻գже١
̹죬ǳƽ
˵ģֻпԼʵǿ󡣴յɫУ쿴Ϣ
еһ֪Լע޹ǿҪɱŷǵĻķԼԷʵ̫ˣ˴ǿߣս졣ǽΧסǧµЩҪ
飬պмƽϡɨһۣһ䣬תߡ
һۣҲͬ뿪
籣סˣŷȫһôսͽˣ˵õ֮һˡ
죬ע硣
еʵ𾪡ǿ߲һеɽΪԮ֣Ȼûɽ磬߸۷壬нڻߵĴڣʵʵ̫ˡ
ڵɽлʣܶ˳аŰɵ̬ȡ
УٹŽ綯ˣҪŪһ㡣
˵һǿʽȫһˣһɽֳͬôǿǾǲܵġ
ԺܶŪⲻ˽ɽʵʱʲôͻȻ޷Ӧԡ
ڹŷǣ򲻹ô࣬п񻶡
ŷ罫ԼĺóҺһʹ졣
ľƣ⣬ҳԳԺȺȣȫܸˡ
ط̸꣬۵ŷպ͹ŷЩƣǸˡʵһ˵һֵ˷ܵ飬ŷʵ̫ܳˣй⡣
ʦһ̸ôˣŷʵ
ѾЭˣɽվҪģҪһս֤ԼʵֻԵ޹ʰԷʵΪʦƣӦҪһЩôġЦ˵
ҲһԣܹõĺôԲŹ
ǽ޵ǰͽܵץ˹ȥ磬ǲҪڵĺãҶһʥŮѩͽĽͶϣҪһ˵ҲˡŷЦ˵
ŷĻյ˵ͷĻԷҲˡ
ңɽҪһҳϵѣ̫ˣһԤУҪһƽϯ磬ܲõķŷ˵
ƽ٣üͷ
ŷͷ˵һЩϵǻع飬ǴĴǺܿµģһвٴҰģҪ棬Ϊһ塣ŷ뵽Щ̲סüͷЩʵ̫鷳ˣһжϯ硣
ΪĻ壬ݺὫܵһ
Ȼ壬Ҳδܹ⣬Ͼ磬ҪС


1320 ɺƨ
˼ˣҪһսڵɽϣ뷨ܺãһȻչʵվûĴһ˶ǵʵȻв²⣬ǲľη˼
޾£Щʵϱȹŷ翴ס
˼ҪһսǽõĿ꣬ٵĴ磬˳ӣǲǽȴһѾŭԹˣʵǿѾˡŷЦ˵
ҲͷϿ˹ŷĻ
Ʋĸ쵰ģ찡Ժܹȥľ𣿡ڤͻȻҽе
Ҳ¶ͬɫŷóĺƣʵ̫ζˣһ֮£оԼ֮ǰȵľƣںһ
˾ֻӦУ˼ܹѰҵŷ㽫ǸƵĻ쵰ݸңһҪҵΪơڤŹŷ˵
ŷǳ鴤һ£ͬĶڤһͷ֪ء
˵ݣҲ鷳ŷЦ˵ЦţΪյɫѾȫˡ
ƨ³˼ǿ֮⣬ûҲ鷳ģ˭ҲСƨƨƨƨɺƨɡڤٺ˵һŵӡ
ۡ
ţħںȾƳ⣬ڤĻ̲֮סһھ˳
̫ˣⶼǺþưڤҽеûһﾹȻһʮľƹ
˵Ҫ˭ɺƨɣĵʵ
Ƶ˰ǰʱҵǼһһˣԣǰɫôôѿ˭ˣڤɴ۾յָͷָԼ֮һ㽫Լͷҧˡ
ڤͰ͵˵ǰϿɱᣬû˵
ùŷ̲סЦˣȻʵ֪ȵľʲô𣿡
ڤҡͷֻǾƷǳúȣȻŨȻźܴĺô
ƽƣҵʦ򱻳ʥŷ̲ס˵ࡣ
ƣڤֹͻȻɴ۾ʶŷʲô˼
ǰһжһᣬҸղźˣ˵ءڤͰ͵˵ţһʱҪѾߵӡ
ҵãҿǶ㲻ҪҴɺƨ԰յ˵
ȿȣǰһᡣڤһ˳ʲôЦվһذħĴڣմɺƨɣڵڤûҲڸ̣ǺƨɣôǡȻֻ˵
֣ȴһЦڤҿʲ̲סҪָһ£˵һȥ
˵꣬ڤ˹ȥȻһڤץȥ
ڤתܣҪǱץסûк³
ʮһЦ˵ȻһץסڤǿߵǰڤҪߣǲܵġ
ץסڤ֮Χɨһۣ˵λãȥڤСӹͨͨ
˵֮˺Ѵϣֱ뿪硣
ŷȻʵ̲סһЦ
ЦڤȻЦˡţֱӽ˻úһҽдȥ綼ڷȻǺһӰ쵽ˡ
ޡŷҡͷȻٱ˵ҲҪǼ
á
˴Ц
Уڤ³ǳ棬֪ô
ãڤ˻ڤѾԭˣ׵һͷ룬Ǳĥ񾭶һ
ʦ㲻Ǹɶ˰ɣŷһɫ
ֱһƳ˳ȥŷһϽ㿪һ㱻С
˵³һվ
ŷֱӱ죬ЦҪǺڤһҪҪȥˡ˵׻ƵĹŷ类ͷҲʵ̫ˡ
ڤܿѹһ˳ϵƣͨȻʵҪָҪʱ䣬ûˡ
˴Цڤơ
ٴγ˶Եúܸˡ
ڤҲֿЦȻͷһòñЦһҲǴֻһᣬ˸ղŵΣûµһЦһ
տ̲ס˵ͷŷһȺѣȫܿף⡣
գŷ˵ԼĴ㣬Ҫڲú󣬹ǽ磬ʱȺһ۾


1321 
ô飬ôܹҡڤһڡ
ҲͷرһҪ˷ܵ˵ϹͷҲӦöһˣսǱޣΪ̫ˣִս˵ֱõ
ɱȻҪɱ¾ϸɱ˲࣬һᡣҰħ˵
ǲϹŴ죬ǽ˫һֱڻûɱأ˵ʵ̫źˣֵܼҪɱһ֤һʵ𽣿ڣҲԸ뿪
һںȵеľƣ˵ԺҪİھȰһѣ֧ˡ
ƣȻĵۣȴܿ£ʱƽĿڣȴһơ
ŷͷβ֪۵˼ҪԼæǼ٣ʵȴǰԼЩѣû˵
ҡΪϹŴ죬ʱڴӵɽи
ɱڡأڤʵ
ʦϹŴ죬׼ء쿴һۣȻ˹ȥʦ
˾ȣû뵽ҲΪյĵӡ
һۣյͷ츳Ȼŷ磬ҲǼõˣȻһɾͣȻΪҲûпܡ
յİȻԼûгΪߣȴԶһ˽Ϊߡ
˾ܹ̾õǿ߿϶һϵҫ
лʦ佱ǳأ꣬վ֮Ȼһߡ
Χɡ
һҪ֮ǰǿԳ֣ɱˡŷЦ˵
˻һŷ¶ϲɫŷǿһ֣˵һ顣
ʵϣΪŷǹŷ̫үүŷȻҪŷսȴе㲻˼˵ڹŷڣŷȻˡ
л̫үүŷ˵
ŷ˵ͷû˵
սǽ磬һɡ֣˵ӣ̬ȴһĨɬ񴿾ͬӤһ

֣պ͹ŷҵվǳضԷߵһǿߣƷëǣȻϧȻǼ߰ˣǶԷҲǷǳء
ȻҲͷ֮ǰҪҲйϵӭĶ벻ǹŷյĻӭǻɵ졣
úúȾƣҺȵòӦǺƣ伫ƷֻǺһڣȳʲôƣ˾ȡ
ŷһͻȻʵ֪ǰͷʲôϵ
ͷշ磬ǶǾ˴ݵˣ֮пйϵ
Ȯӣ֪ͷѣСȻʵУѣʵһˡЦ˵
ŷЩգԷԼ˵̫ˡ
㲻ҪΪڿ㣬һδĻѣпδĻȻǶһ˵Ҳһҫ˵
𣿡ŷ绹ǵһֳƺ
ͷ͵ײã棬˵ȴһĻߣһܹײã棿
ڳ˶˼ʵҲͬĻΪӣǾԽԽɻ֪лʣȴûд˵еƣܹνײã棬ǳܹƿһ磬ǲã嫣δһ߾¡
ܹײã棿ŷ羪ȵʵ
Ȼǻߣǻ޵еûгԽ߾磬ȴûлǵĶ֣˱𣬾ǵһ˵һ䣬ĿתۣЦ˵ǲֻҪɵۣǵΪУҲû˭ܹ߶ֻҪع飬Զǵ𡣡
΢΢ҡͷѹۣȻǵʵҲޣͽЦ
û뵽㾹ȻôûоսȻҲûӦʵͷ
õģŷʵ
ǣʮһߣ𣬻ײã棬һ޵СЦ˵Щ̾Ϣ˵ǴûֻҪܹΪߣпֻܶأ㹻ˡ
ŷĬȻʵ֪ƺ֮󣬹ŷѾҪ޵УΪ޵еĻ
ػԼҪػһС
ڵǲô࣬ľ磬ҪΪ߶кԶ·Ҫߣ˵ǳΪˣͰɣԼܹ֤һ𡣡


1322 ǽ
ŷҲʶԼеøԶˡе·ҪдǣҲҪһߣھ߾绹ԶҪΪ𣬸ǲ֪Ҫꡣ
ò룬ֻҪúõС
ڵĻ˭ԯݺʵЩ档
ûл𡣡ҡͷ
ʲô˾ȣû뵽Ȼһֽ
ײã棬κʱлһЩʱۣȴһѹˣоͺѳֻ𣬶һֹ涨ѾΪˣҪײã棬һ顣˵Щ㯡
ʲô飿ŷǾȵʵҡͷǻߵ飬Ͳ֪
ŷҲû׷ʣûлɣϾ߱صģΪǸǿߣ޷֪顣
֪ôණѾ˲ˣϾйڻʣһ㡣ҲֻзĽڻʵĴڣܹϤ
ˣҲҪЩеûˣȾưɡЦ˵
Ⱦơ
һȺ˻磬֮ǽ
һգɽдϢѾ׼ˡ
ͬʱһ磬ǿҲĴͬµĺ𾪡
ǿߣϹŴУֻǰ䣬ֻǿߡ
ŷյǰ졣
Ǹǡŷ硣˿˹ŷ磬ϳݡ
찡ŷȻôǿֲǿƣ˶塣˾
㶮ʲôŷߵǸǿǹŷʦ˵һڻʵĴڣڵ磬ɽ磬ǿƣ˵ĻʵǿߡʿϢͨ˵Լ֪飬ڳ˶𾪡һǿ磬ĻʵǿߣǸܵصѹ
ǳҪ˰ɣʿǵʵ
ǵɽȻ;սпҪӵ磬ʱȻǣѲսϴ
벻ᣬɽȻǿƣȴɵԲ;ͻģԿ϶ҪйŽҪùˣĿԴɡʿ˷ܵ˵
Ž֮޾ǰйǽЩȴûзִ֣òѪڣǽ磬һǵ硣в˶ˡ
٣׼һѡǲǻʵв˶ܵһ𺳡
ѣǲǽǿƣлߵĴڣѣôܣ
ǲǻʵĻȴû˻ỳɣеȻΥǻʵ־
вǽˣȫʼ׼㲻ӵǿսȫԱ
䡣
飬һսգ˽һʥ⣬ޱȣʱȴɱ硣
Ƕһ塣˾
ֱӳ𣬼ԦսŶһ塣
ѩһ𲢼վһˡɫ䣬Ϊ֪һԼǿԮ
ڿնһеһߣЦ׸һεĽѵһξȻǲǽ磬ҿǻĲͷˡ
޵ҵȴ췥֮׸ޱ飬˵г˳ޡ
ʵϣһ壬һս޾£˫ˣеĳޣѾǼ仰ܹ˵׵ˡ
ССһ壬ȻԴ죬ֱЦҸǣǵǰҲһ졣˵쳣ǿƣΪûн׸ǷС
һǿ󲻴ǺͲһȣȴûʲôơǲһɵһ廹һߣѾһˡ
ҿ£ᣬȻ˵Լǲ죬ޣڴʱһЩϷʵòɫѿˡ
ŷ֣Ĵǿߡߴʥһ£ȫǱȲҪǿƵǿߡ
ɫѿ⻹ôǲһȻǿ󣬵ǶԸµĹŽ磬ȴǲܵġ
ɽ磿Źŷʵ
ǽ޵ɱŷ絭˵ޱ顣
ɫѿˣ⼸ǻ·
ڴʱӰ֣Ǿʹŷ񣬴һĨԹ޺;壬Թɱ
û뵽вģѾʶˣԱߵǸ˭ŷЩʵ
ܹʹһݶ벻򵥡
Ӧ˵ңǾȻ˵


1323 ս
ŷȻ˵֮رǾֱʣˣҲǾ
һһöǹŷһֱ뷨
뵽ŷЦʲôƨû˵ǺĶ𣿡
Ļһ˵⣬㱻һԴ档ɫƣŹŷ磬˵ղ˵ʲô
ŷ纹գղеˣǸӾԼߣһԼʦ
һЦ˵
ǲڸʲôüͷм˵ʲôƨӣ߰Ķ
˵ʲôǱȵβһֱ
׳ա
Ĳм
ΰ£ֱӱˣԸңܹܵЩֱӳ֣˹ȥ
𹿰գʮɵеһжڽ𹿰·飬ڡ
һҪߡ
һȴķ֣ԼûκܵĿܣյʵȫԽѹƵûа취һ¡
䡣
һֵֻסյĹɫ죬˲ٲ
¶һɫлмԷԼ
΢΢ͷȻĿͶգһһսûܾģһǼһս
ģĺܿġĮ˵
λѣɡ콫Ŀɨܵա
һǿ߳㹻ȫǽڻʵǿߣʵޱȣһ˫Ӷڤֱܹӿ˵ꡣ
ǼµһȺ֣ŷ翴˶Էһۣ̲סЩ𺳡
ЩȻǽģǵ󶼸һ·
ǰЩʱգ۸һˣҵ֪ǻܹԶٲЦ˵
ҲǱ̼ˣȻĻôˡ
ڻʵǿߣƿ£һǽĶսίʵ쳣¡
׳աֻǵ˵һ䣬ٴһ˳ȥ
֣սսһԴϻⲻͣķɳҪɵա
ɱ
ճХ˿飬һ𹿰ɨöԷˡ
ѡһڻʵǿ߳˳ҪУΧաĻȻʵǿҲǵĶ֡
ҪԴ٣ɳȥס֡
챩ŭŷŭҪҵĵ𣿲ҪˣҲǾ˵ˡ
ҴûǣҸףҲǾ˵ˣǾݵˣ֪ʲô飬ǶԾġ˵
ŭ˽ֹҡ
˵ĺһΪǾ˵ô֪ī˾˰м˵
Ļ޻˵ʵϷֻЩ˶֣ûкͻ㲻ڶһ˶ǳ
ѣ˵ĳԱǷǳ֪ȤҰѵһǿ߳ĿⶢڷϣһĨɱ⡣
ȻһҪԼͬһΧ
лɽл
ɽЦ˹ȥǿϣ죬ޱȡ
һսĻ㡣ŷ߳ϴһĨЦ
˶һֱۣӼս
Խڻʵǿ׽ɱǵʵ̫ˣͶ֮䣬ǳ飬ɽӲڡ
¸ַģʱǽѾٵˡ
ڻʵǿѾˣŷ磬ҿǻʲôסǣЦɱ˹
𣿡׸Цֱӳ˳ȥԷս
൱ʵȺȻǣҲ̫Զˡ
Ȼˣڻʵǿأ޷Ĵڡ
䡣
һµӰ֣̤նֱһɱ˹ȥ
ԷɫһսǴ˻С
ڻʵǿߣǶһۣԷвõԤСһָоҲ͵ɽУּǿߡ
ʵǲ¶ˣۺʹ߳Ǹһ֣ɱСǵսȻŷҪ룬ôס
޵Ӧɱ
ŷͻȻһȳ˳ȥ
ǽУҲǿߴ𣬾ʹԼ£ȫ˹
쳣սµ˼㣬ֻһ˲䣬ѪȾգطˣȫˡ
䡣
ŷ类͵Ϯս׷⣬ס˶ԷһУȻˣҲѪܵһơ


1324 ش
ŷͷҲأֱӴһֻء
渡֣ɱӿѹ¡
ԷЦָ֮䷢⣬һͣŷֻײһȻȫ顣
ǰһִޱȣ˿µѹҪŷһ
ŷɫأֱӳ֣һһպˡ
ɱ
ŷǰȥսһ
ɫ䣬뵽֮ǰ飬ŷԼǹŷĶ֡ôֲͣԥǹŷȴԽսԽֻͣһ˲˾Ե·硣
ȱ¹һɫһƵ飬ɢһҪϢ
˹вǽĳԱҲеɽͶһĸ֡
ò˴󾪣ǸϽԶɫ¶ɫǿжȻһǿ˵һǳ顣
쵰
ŷŭһڣɽХˣȻɱȥ
һӽŷǶ΢΢ãһ˲䣬һ̣ŷ㾪ѣŭ˵Ϊߣֻħ˭ܹҰݷ̫Цˡ
ŷǰüһâ罣նɱȥ
罣棬䡣¡¡ɣǽ綼·룬һִ
üͷɫأ˫ӡһԼ𡣡
һʵ֮ͣ罣棬Ҫ罣顣
ŷüĲһѪɫ䣬罣նȥ
ۡ
罣£֮ȻֱӽʵȻ󽫾İӶˡ
ܡŭû뵽ȻֽԷһȻ˺Լʵе̫˼ˡ
ŷЦ罣һߣɱ˹ȥ
ݣΡ
ֱһ߶ȥ¶Ȼɫ֪ŷһȻµ磬̺֮Դ֮պҲܹһʵ硣
Ҳɱ˹ҪΪΧ
ŷת߳һӰķһ壬ʱ˾޴ó
ɱǸֱɱȥһûС
ŭ֪ǵһ壬ǳ¡Բҵ˼սˮ綼·Ҫһ
Ǳߣŷɱȥ罣£ڵһ˵ǰչֳԼĿ·â
Ȼһ۷ʱҲɱǱѡݺݵضŹŷ磬Ҫ˹ŷһ
û뵽ԼҲн죬ʵǿĻ߸ϣûյ飬Ǵʱȴпڹŷˡ
ʵ벻һ󱲵ʵλǿ
˼ҴսͨƵҪɱԷ
䡣
ײ˱ֱӻɻҡȻ޷ǼսನҲֻ۷ܹס
ɱ죬һƬѪɫƬʬÿһˡ
Ҳǿ䣬ʵǿ󣬵ʱȴ޷֤ԼİȫϾʵ̫ˡ
ޱȣеֱɱȥ뼸ս·磬ԷɱĲͣĺˡ
ţħȴһȺΧɱԡѪ
һ䣬Һħչ죬סЩǿߣǽţħȻսǽڻʣûа취ȻʱɥΣա
㡣
ŷ翴౻ˣȾѪʱһһȭˣŷû׷ɱǽԼĻս£ݸ˹ࡣ
ҲҪǿҡͷ
ԹŷʵӵսսףԱȫԼȴһ಻ΪԼԭùŷΣյС
ûɱңĵðɣҪҷġŷĶŹࡣ
á
࿴ŷɫ֪Ѿ˾ģֻܽսս״ϡ
ϲֱɱ˹
ûսսףŷһ㶼£һİգܹɱ˹ŷ硣
ѡ
ŷֱӺȳһֶϻꡣ
üгһϸ΢ƣӵȫҽһֱӺˣ˲һըˡ
ûսսףһɱ㡣ŷЦü罣նȫ飬ͬʱնԪ档
ҽһһڹŷϣˣȻһʧ
һʧ̫ˣŷشҪõĻûиʮϰǲˡ


1325 ս
ߣʱס˺ܶˣû뵽ŷܹôܾ
ŷû׷ֱɱȥ
ɫȻŷԼԥתܡŷһԶսǣǹɱһϣɡ
ˣ˶Ŀɿڴ
ŷʿǳɱĸӷˡڲǽߣɫгʧ䣬ǿԮ뿪ˣȻǴû뿪ǶǵĴȴǷǳġ
һֱ²࣬һ뿪߽еʿ
һȭ׸ˣȻŷ󺰵ɸһս
Ը
ŷᣬֱɱ˹
׸˹ŷһۣûټ֣ɱˡ
˶֪뷨Ҫܹŷ磬Լߵʿ
µӰײһ𣬹ŷֻ֣ؾ춯أӲѪһɫ¡
ڹŷߣħ֣üĵһСĤݡ
壬裬һֿµľ
ȻȻսѪڣһʵӵ˼ޣҪɱŷ硣
䡣
ײһͬʱˣŷһѪ
Ҳһһɱ˹
ʮµķâ֣ն綼˺ѣؿռ顣

һĳԱ¶˷ܵɫǲԼʮƵģ쳣£ÿһܹ˺һ
ŷأüһն罣ͣǳ
䣡
ײһ𣬹ŷһϱѪǿҲסɴ˿ɼĿ¡
ȴȹŷңСӱնѪȾ񷡣
һĻòһԱǳɱҪ
ǵɽͶһǿߣȻǲǳģǳֱ֣ӽɱ˻ȥ
һѪԣûη壬ʱ˿̣еˡ
ɱ
ŷȣ罣ٴն䣬γһµĽ֮磬Сɫѿ硣
ŷ˫ӡʮУȫû
ǼµһĻâƬȫκֻѪ䡣
á
꯽ԼĶɱһĻ̲סһ
ŷһЦ꯹ȻΪս֪ʵʣ֪Ǿ·磬һλᣬһкãòһԱʿ䵽˹ȵס
һĳԱʱʿ䣬ǳ·磬ɽͶһǿߣ䡣
˵һµĽѣȫ˾ûʤĿܡ
䡣
ڴʱ类飬ԡѪҵ˼㡣˳Χʮ⣬ȫŷɱ
ŷ۳̫ͼһԲסʮ⡣Ҳ𶯣һڿѪȻסĹҲɡ
ʵϲµǿߣȻǣҲ١۷ΪĴڣҲвǽһĳƺ
ΨҶǡ
𣬲ѹŷС
һµĲǳ֣強һƬأضΪģһһ
ʮնʮʮ𡣡ŭХԲѹƹŷ磬ԲʮնҪŷɱ
ǼµһĻããǵأŷ粽ƣЩͣܵѹȣ˳ſµѹ
ɱŷɫ΢΢һͻȻһѪڣе˼ޡ
ѡ
ŷ𣬴ѣµգǻжƽͨԹŷڵʵȻ޷һС
ȻˣҲ׳ѳ˲µգ۳һֲɱ⣬Խش֮ϣ˳ȥȴǳ£ֱ˲
ʲôɫ飬ܵ˼Ĵˡ
ۼŷĳѴ˹ֱӻߴޱȣаɣ޴צҪסѡ
ѱζɱŷ翪ڣ¡¡졣
ǵµĹ⣬ڲצ棬צӴѣѪʣͬһӣû·ĸɽ
ʲôͻȻ¶ֵɫ
Ϊʧһצӣȴ֣Լ̫ˡѿµ˼㣬ӡ
ԥֱնԼ߱۰ޱȣ磬ɶ֫ҲԲС
ԡ
Щ⣬ͻȻɫˡ


1326 ߴ
ȻնǸ۰򣬵ڼ顣
ôܣ¶ֵɫľ
ŷЦм˵߽Ϊô򵥵𣿡
˺ȻУ壬ȫ飬ԪӳȴմȾϢҲڰУֱ
찡
ȻǼǿ߶̲סһڿˮΪһĻʵ̫ˡһ޵е߰Ȼɱˣһ˭ֿܹϢĺܿ¡
ŷ񣬳˾ηȻǱŷֶŵˡ
ŷȴ˼ͻȻһ⣬ǰʩչѵʱ򣬶ԷʵԼ֮ϣûн˻ɱ
ǲʵ൱΢һ㣬ĴڣѾȻֲ磬ֻҪУԷ
һֿµֶΣشʵߵǿߣܹԺɱʵ͵ǿߣ߽鴫
ɱ˲һھǵֿȣӵСˡ
ɱ
ŷǳɱȥ
һŵĲ˵£Ǳɱû飬һΪʵǿ󣬵ȴֻѹԣһ棬ɱ˲һ壬κ
ɽͶһǿߣȫսѪڣ쳤ХŹŷǳɱɱǱ˼㡣
һս˺ܳʱ䣬˫ǲɱһûдͷˣͲǵĶ֣ձɱǵĻʳǡ
ǲǻʵĳǱ˻ص˳У˴
ʣµĲһĳԱʮɫ֣һЩǿŭŷǵ񣬳˷ߺޡ
Ǵʱȴ޷κιŷǣֻڴǻʤ߼λڻʵǿ߼սĻŻǡ
ô죿ŷʵ
ܼ֣쳣£ػ쳣ֲɱ
ֻΧųǳأҪȴУΪᷴǵĹ
ǻߵ󷨣˭ⲻַ
Ѱ졣ԯݺҡͷĿ׸
׸Ц˵õģûִܹ򿪵ġ
ûйԵĻŷü
лֻǷսףҪȴû̫Ĺ
ûУǶһУҲҪսսס׸Ц˵гһǣһԻµĻϱɢ綼ںҪһ
Ƕ޻ߵĽǣ֮󣬱ƳΪ˻ſµܡ
ã֡ŷ˵
лսףǿᣬлᵲסֿµķ
׸ͷԥ޻ʵĽǵݸ˹ŷ硣
ãǻһĳԱɫ䣬ɫ֣Ȼǻߴ󣬵ǱϾû֣ʵûǿĵزһֳŻָܹ١
ȻǰǸܹסķ
ŷù޽ǣ΢Ӧһ£ֱµϢӿһʥʸգ
׸ߣһûлսףǸܿġǲܿˡ
޽Ƿ⣬ŷȫ߶ȫգһĶ޳֣ǽɫģֱ·˹ȥ
䡣
ײڴ棬󱻾ţֱӸգµĹ⣬޽
ۡ
ûãޱ飬һµĹ⣬ŷû
ŷüͷ΢΢һ壬ҵ˲ٴδ߶޽ǣֻȫգʵ̫ˡֻʩչԼķȻ۳һ̫ͼǰ档
һ죬ŷȫΪһƬ磬ԼҲ˳ȥ
սս׷⣬סһǹŷҲܵ˾޴𵴣ı죬ȫˡ
սս׵ıǿŷ綼˵زһ˵ĻѾɱˡȻڻʵǿߣҲҪش
ǻߴ󣬿ƿֲùŷ綼һľĸоʵ̫ˡ
Ϲû°ɣൣĵʵ
ԯݺҲŹŷ磬һǵɫղһʵ̫ǿˣǣͲ֪Ѿɱ˶ٻأǹŷ羹ȻĵסֹǾ̾
û¡ŷ֣ʾԼû¡
Ѫ𶯣޸壬û೤ʱ䣬ָǰȥղŵһǳصĴѾ˲٣òһĳԱͷء
ӣ϶ᱻƻ
ǶݺݵضŹŷ磬޲ɱ˹ŷ磬ΪŷԭҲǱز
ɱ;ߣⶼǹŷġ


1327 
ɽǿɱҲ͹ŷѲ˹ϵ˵ڲǽ޵˭ԾǹŷˡڲһԱУ޲ýŷˡ
ŷЦȻܹܵЩһԱеĺ⣬⡣ԵˣҪϾɱ
ɱ
ŷٳ֣Ȼһһ¡󱻻УһѾʼˡ
һĳԱɫ䣬ȻŷҲǻȾѪĿ⣬ȴӼᶨˡ
ûãŷ޸壬ٴ˹
һ壬ŷ񣬶𾪡ָջ˵һͣ޸壬ǣѾ۷ˡǹŷȴһ鶼ûУȫûбӰ쵽ƷȸղŸǿʢ
һγ֣ŷٴη˳ȥȴ¶һĨЦݡΪˣڲˣֻҪٴһܹơ
ŷѪڣҪ޸塣
ڴʱһѽ֣ɱŷüġ
˭
ԯݺǴȵٳȥҪԮŷ硣
ŷɫ䣬һüһСˣгֱֽɱ˳ȥ
ɱ
С˴ȣأһնǰѳײһ
µϢƵŷ絹ǱȥֵѾʧ
յˡŷЦ֯ڻģ˵⣬ѾһεҪɱˡ
ŷû뵽ԼΪֱ׷ֽڻʵԷȻҳ֡
ҳԯݺ˵ɫأµĹ⣬ҪԷҳ
յ֣ڴɱȻҲǸеĸ֣һвУԶݣûиǻᡣ
ۡ
꯴ȣüӳ硣һӰԻ˴㵡Ȼû뵽ȻܹҵԼ䡣
еĿ⣬Լ֮ǵӰɫ䣬ֱתܡ
߲ˡԯݺЦչֱһ⣬Էɱ˹ȥ
顣
Ǹɱתסԯݺļ⡣
һ̣ɫѿŷѾ˲˹Χм䡣
յǿ߲Źǵġյĸ˵ȻֱӺὣԼüġ
û뷨ôǿΧסȻǽڻʵǿҲҪѪɱһܹȥһͨȻͨڴɱѾ¶Ȼѵġ
һˣԼһǣת֮䣬ǾͱɱǾ
ŷ˹ֱӳ֣һ
ⷭû
һĻʳǻٵùŷǣǳ֣ǻʳеĲˣȫɱ
ɫŹ֣һεĸо
ô׾˲һ壬һֲŵĸо
һˣ׸ɴ۾ΡΡģȻһǿߣǴʱȴһһĸо
ˣֱ̫˼ˡѩҲڣһ˿š
ǽǶһĵˣô꣬û뵽һԼȻܹǽ
ɽǿȻˣȴû˷ܵĸо˵ʤģϾɽǿʵ̫ˡ
ֻǸˣԼԼϣõŽ졣
䡣
飬ȾѪЩŭӡ
ʦˣŷʵһĵӡ
յһۣˬ˵Ǻ˵˵ʦôأǸһѪûɱơ
Ȼ첻յĶ֣ɱˡֻմʱȴڰգԼûиɵ죬е㶪ˡ
޵еʥǶսʤһȴ޹޹⡣
ŷһڻʵǿߣԼûˡѾˣԼûɱ˶Էֱ޻˵
ɽǿߣһȻĸоǶһǿߣȴУ⵽һʲôӵ˰һڻʵǿߣȻ⣬һӣĽյг˳ݡ
ǰܹսʤ죬ѾǾ춯ˣ𡣡׸˵
һϲĶѣȻˣҪ˳ЦƵ˵
׸ˣ֪˵Щʲô˵չҫɣһˬӣȻǳĵġ
ʦ֮޵УûĶ֣׸峤Ҫ֡ŷЦŽ͵Լʦ
Ͼɽ֪յǿǶһĳԱɲ֪
֮޵Уǵһôǡ


1328 ʹ
ȴİõĽԼͽܵĻڣδܹѹˡ
ҲУڣȴûС
˹ŷһۣ˵պܹѹһͷˣͽܿ϶ܹδء
𺳣ʦͽ˾ԲԿ䣬ɫȻ˵һʵʵϣŷľޣѾסˣŸ߾磬ܹɱ۷ʵʵ̫ˡ
ã֣ͬûɱ˶Է
ּǿ߼սնɱ֣ȶԷ࣬ʵԵѹơ
Ҳ֣Ƕһûն֡
Ҳ⣬ЩȻǵˣȴǲһˣøϾɱǾ֮󣬶벻ˡ
֪λ֮սΣŷüͷ˵
ǻδڤ涼ûг֣ȻǻҲڽдս
˶ڷֹǼսܣǶˡǻʲŹȺˡ
зֹʱһ޴ͷ­һɽһ
ڤ֣ɨһۣ˵ǻ
ŷȫһǻʼȻˣûܹвˡ
лǰ
ŷ繰֣Ҳһֻպͼļˣûй֮֡ǰڤƽཻȻڤӳɻˣҲԼһȣԾͲеô񾴡
ڤͷ뿪
ŷҲ뿪ǽһȫֻ顣սսŷ뿪֮ЩŻ
ǿһ屻պǲǽˡ
һǿŷԼסٱ鱻ɱЩǿߵĴ档
ǽ綼ڹעŷ뿪Щ˼һʱҲֵȼģйŽƺģݻġǲǽ磬ֻ߿ٵĹŽ磬ǼΪ̵ģų治ࡣеԴḻкܶණЩǿҪģҪڵһʱ룬ռݵ̣ռŽ硣
ŷ뿪ŽѪȷûɢȻڼ
֪֮󣬹ŷ̲סҡͷЩȻʿ̫̰ˣЩм
Ҳֻ̰ȻҪһЩԴÿ˶һģʲôȱԯݺ̾
ŷͷʵҲסΪԴʹȻЩܽܡ
ǽѾˣҵҲҪ뿪ˡ˵
ʱǶѾɳˣǿߣ¶ȥãȻٵĵˡ
Ͻ簲ȣĵ˺ϽĥϣƽǵҲһ㶼õˡ
һ·ߺá
ŷû뿪
ֻһԯݺĹ磬Ȼ뿪
Щ˵ıӰŷȴЩüͷȻԣһ˶ˣԯȴûг֣ǼΪģԯԹŷĹģ֪ҪΣյĻ϶һʱϹġ
˵᲻ˣŷԯݺʵ
ԯݺҡͷ֪ǶҪޣͲõˣҵǾãٴμʱ϶һġ
ŷͷҲûʲôõԤУֻ΢΢ЩĶѡ
ǿ֮£ŷһ˶ûУ˼Լĵߣ
ڸ߾磬ѾԽϹŴ񾳽ˣǹŷȴԥҪ룬ѣȴ߳һǿ·
ԹŷһֱѹԼʵȻԼ̤ȥһ
Щ죬һֱ룬׸·һĻǿ󣬵ǹŷȴһָоԼӦ
Ȼ֪ʲô˼ȴԼĸо
һ˹ŷ繰ֵ
ŷüͷˣʲô飿šüͷʵ˭ģ
һ˵ѡǸ˵
ŷ¶һĨЦݣͷǹŷѣԷˣȻˡ
ȥӭӡ
ŷ˵Ȼ˳ȥ
ʱһɷʲôһ
ô˸ǣôˣ·Ǯ˰ɣŷЦʵ
˹ŷһۣЦ˵һףǮõô𣿡
Ǿˡŷһ⣬Ĳ˵
ֱһĴָ̾߸ĸҲ֪߹ŷҲ
仰һתǰġŷ¶һĨЦݡ
һѪһ˳仰ҪǸϵֱӳҪ֪һڼԼ˽ԼĶӵģڷȴ˵ŷ˽ܲŭ


1329 ϲһŮ
ŷҲ֪һ㣬Ż˵Ļģֻһĸĸ㲻һвǶڷ˵ǲһˡ
ԷԸֻҪ֪˵ĻȻ
ϴһ·ɡЦ
ŷЦ
ӭ˽ȥŷȻסԼıУֻһЩԵó˰Ҳ׻Ƶܲ
˵ɣʲô飿ŷʵ
֪ﲻ޹ԼģϾʵеУŷ˳֣þ˵ĺܶ˶ŭˡʱ򣬴ҡڵĳڹŷ϶ҪܴܺѹɵӣȻ
ѾǾ˵ִˡЦ˵
Ȼأŷʵ
֪˵ԼĹְ϶ԭġ
һαɸһ񡣡Щ˼Ŀڡ
ŷû˵ֱֱֻĶŷʾ˵
Ҫ׻ƣˣ˿ԽΪһ֧һ֧λͬڸ˵˵˼
ŷƲƲ죬ЦҿǵʧķˣҼˣÿ𣿡
ܡ
쳣ϵ˵ЦڵĹŷ磬;˿˵ǽⲻĳԹҲ˵ġ
Ȼ֪ô£ŷЩ
ģҸ׶޷ܾҿԾܾ𣿡Ƶ˼㣬һ˳Ųء
һŷˣһˡ
ԡ
ŷЦ˵Ȼóơ
̾Ϣһ˵Ѿˣ漸죬ȻŻȥѾˣûгɹҲԹҡ
ʵϣûз˵ô򵥣ΪǷĻԲôɣ첻ɿ϶Ҫгͷġ
ͶҪߵĻҵǿԸһ׻ƵĸŷЦ˵ֱǽš
Ȼŷ粻ƿʲô׻ƣǱϾѾˣҲǹŷҪػĵطҲҪΪķչˡ
׻ڵ֣ʵ̫ˡԯݺĲ᲻ԸֻԸһϡڹŷȱһܹѹסǿߵĸһõѡ
֪һǽ磬˾޴ã׻ѣǷĶӣҲһǳΪû˸ҷԡ
һЦ⻰ǰ˵ҿ϶ͬ⣬ѾΪ˵ִˣһ׻ƣͬӵģ¾鷳
ŷ΢΢ü˵ʵڲ;˷ͻȻܹɽվǲԼҵɽǿߣǺܶ˶ϲֻҪȺΪǿߣΪͻƻŬ˷ǵʱ䡣
뵽ŷüͷ˵⵹һ鷳
ǰ˰ɣշȵ׻ܹ;ʱҲͶɣʱֻҪ㲻Ϊ΢ͿˡЦ˵
ôܡŷЦҡͷ
һΪ΢Ļŷ粻֪ܹΪ׻ƵĻмˡ
̸ۼ׻Ƶ飬ŷŷ档
ܿ죬ͱסˡ
ʱ磬ȫǵ϶ʮһʱӣֻǸӷһЩ޺˸ַ֣÷ԣЩĸо
ֵܣмҪ鷳㡣
ûãʮգһɬӣҵ˹ŷ硣
ôˣŷЩȵʵõһȻɬùŷЩ⡣
ɫӵĺˣһ˼ӡ
ùŷӵĺˣæ׷ʡ
죬˵ϲһŮܲܰһѡ
ŷɴ۾Ӷۿеɳˣż죬ﾹȻϲһŮˡ
Ȼһֲٵ⣬Ƿһϣʵе㲻˼顣
ļҵŮͥôŷʵ
쳣棬ôһŮȻܹһסˡ
һһˣΪûнɾĸΪҲߣֻɣһϲˣֻĸǲ̫ͬ⡣˵ɫЩա
ΪʲôŷȣһŮԷȻͬ⣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ӵģʵǵǰʵαװɺǸŮһֲұ¶ΪǾƭǣҽɣĸҵݣͬʱĸҡһӡ


1330 ׸
ŷһѪһˣֲöԷһΪɾˣڵϣֱһһֻҪļͥͲܿ
뵽ЦãͲ˼ҵ⣬ȫǷԼġȻȥô꣬ʲôʱǶǷǳʵġ
ֱӸһˡŷ˵
УޱƭˣĸҲһҪ˵ԼĻĸԭҡϽҡͷ϶ðˡ
ŷ̲סз۵ĳ嶯
֮һ˵ҰҲǲԣҪӦһ顣
ʲô飿ʵ
Ҫ׸ŷЦ˵
׸һ㶣ݣȻҪ׸һֻɾΪ˼ңĿɿڴĸо
ŷĵͷ˵ҪҰԲѣа취ǰ׻ƵˣҲܹԲѣȻĻѡ
ûбİ취𣿡Ц
׸һ̲סҪЦҪ֪飬һ
ûбİ취ˣ벻ŷ˵
㲻¾鷳ʵ
ŷЦƾʲôҵ鷳׸磬ҵĹأͱԭ㲻ƾˣǾҪҲҪɡ
ȻҪսҲҪ㹻ɣ֮䣬Ǿк޹ŷ޵ҪҪûһսɣҲġ
ʲôʱˣﾪȡ
ҸղƶġŷЦ˵


ҲףŷǷҪԼΪ׻Ƶˡ
ðɣҴӦЦҲǱϵôΪѡʵǵľ˵ԭ򣬷Ҫ׻Ƶġ
Ͼ֯ǾѪֱ˴ˣȻ˵׶ͬԴҲΪʲôֻ˹ŷ磬ǻٵԭ
ҷףԼھˣгͷ֮գҪΪܡպĳɾͣҲʹ߾Ǹ磬ǻô꣬δΪڻᣬǲˡ
׻ƣ˵õѡֱǸҷܹŷνȨͲ⣬Ϊ˦ƹ͸ķӿռ䡣Ҽ͹ŷĹϵֱ͵һ
ΪͷΪβ׻ƻǼһֻӥҪΪеİߡ
ЩзǳףҲӦԭ֮һ
ãȥסŷЦ
һǿߣҷˣǸϵܵ𣿹ŷл뵽ϵĲֹǷзŷԤҲպ׻ƣ᲻ֹһߡ
ĻľǵһС¥УһŮſ̨棬Զգ֪Щʲô
յʮ꣬һ˫۾룬ȴʱĸǵӰϲʱһΣŮǱԼ˼ɬˡ
ԼһڣС˵ȻǲҪ˵ġ
ŮޱȣʱϴһĨΣֱƾ˿Ŀɿڴ
Ȼһ¡һȻ֮¶һĨգδ˵裬㲻Ҫ˵ˣҲҪҲϲϲֻз
Ĵ£ֵõԼ֣ʲôãʵıһһģƷҲû˵㻹ɣȺͽ˵仰Ȼ˵Щż
ȻѡˣȻĸ׶ڽǷǳġ
ҪȻ˵ɫᶨ˵һӣ˷֮⣬˭ޡ
⺢ôأȻĸŭ˵
ڴʱһ𣺡ȻϲǸǲǣǺãҾɱûӦþͻϲˡ
ĻȻʱɴ۾ϽתŴ򿪣˽С
һʮͷҲǳƯȻĸס
һӣȻ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ȼڿϳˡ
㲻ҪˣĲϲ㣬ȢҵˣҲòġ
׵Ļýɫ쳣ÿ֮ˣͲѾ龳磬ұˣоܹߡ
ƽʱҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬ʲôʱΥ⡣üͷ˵Ȼ֪ǸˣΪ˾磬ķʲôõģ޸ңұ̵֤ܹʱڣΪ飬ʱǾͿԶһˡ


1331 软
Ϊ飬һ޴ջ󣬲𣬸һȨơڵУǿֻ߱дﵽ龳磬ʸһС
飿ҲϡȻЦŶԷдһĨģ˵ĲʲôаΪԼѡ񣬸оҡ
Ŀһŭˡ
ԼѾŵ̬ѾڿԷˣȻȻһ㶼ںı֡
һ裬ѿиǷŭ˼㡣
ȻҪ˾𣿡ɢϢĿɭȻȻϣ΢΢ɫ
Ȼһ۵ŮӣϽ˵ҪʲôȻЩţһֲõԤС
ȻòģҾҪõˣȻܲġɫ΢΢Щ˸űŰĹâȻ¶µɫ
㲻ҪһȰһȻģǧҪʲôɵ°Ȼĸһߴ󺰵һŵӡ
û뵽龹Ȼ䵽زӣȻǱŭˡıǳ֪ǲԼܹġ
ɨȻĸһۣЦˣҪõĶûеòģȻʶ̧٣ҲûбҪ
Ȼĸз䣬û뵽龹ȻŪһ
ı֣ȻǷŭˣҪǿӲġ
Ȼĸף˽ԼŮΪˣǿĻԸҲӡ
һ˹Ȼĸ˽ǰ˵֪ıܴ󣬵Ҫ֪һ׻Ϊƶ˹ִѲӣǿŮִ߲Źġ
Ļý̲סЦ˳Ц˵ҿϺͿʲôȻЩִߣҲҪͿǻΪƽ𣿡
Ե÷ǳǿƣ˿ûнЩִ߷С
̫ˣ׻ŷӵĽٻˣ˶ٶ꣬ΪĴ塣
ʵǿҪнٻɽȻУҲû˸ҵǡھ˳ʱǵǳǵŷع֮󣬽ٴθǿˡ
ʶһ㣬һڶɫѿ
ȻʵҾýҲǲģҪǼ޸ҸһӵġȻĸȻȰԼŮ
ȴϣԼŮԼȻ˽⣬Ը񣬿˵
롣ȻһĨᶨû˿Э˼
һּ֣ԲӦ
ҲȲҪżǲͬȻǸ֮ĻµģϾѾôͣɼûдﵽȻһϲģҿȻ֮飬һʱ䣬һȻͨġȻĸ򽯿˵Ҫס
ǸҲϣҪܹһӣŮѡ񡣡ҲڣʵȻевǵ˼Ҳ̫棬ϣԼŮͽһ
ΪԼΪԼŮǽң뽯ңȻܲٻ
𣿡Цһ

޶һۣԷ۾еĽš
Ȿһ£ҪΪһʱĳ嶯ŪǼҵıˡ
΢΢Ĭһ£ЦãҸʱ䣬֮ӦڵͻȻˣҲ̫עġ
˻һ˻һǶɱˡ
ǶһۣԷеļᶨһҪȻӦͽһ𣬲ȻĻȫҶҪˡ
ȻҲҪʲôĶʹˣҲŹ㸸ĸģʱǵ꣬ãܣҲҪĿɣ˵̲סһЦ
ȻɫߣŭĶŽĿҪһûһˣǵһ
޳ܡȻŭ
ֿһЦ˵ӵݺõĺܣ޳ܿ˵ҵġ
ϾҪûˡĻ䣬һ𣬳޾ŭ
ɫһĿɨ˹ȥüͷʵ˭
һִֻ˳ֱӳڽϣֱӴӷд˳ȥ˳֣һˣڽɫУİϱڳ˶Ҫȥˡ
Գܵʱ˻һգʱһɽǵǰһǴڴϢǸ˵Ŀг˾η
ǿߣһ޷ǿߡ
Ȼһ˵ʱ򣬶ʱ̲סһϲĴ󺰡


1332 ̨ǹŷ
ˣȻ͹ŷ硣ŷʱûĿʾˣǷȴԿڹŷУһŭȼա
ЦЦȻ˵ûµģˡ
ȻڷĻУһҸӡ
ľȻҴң֪˭𣿡վݣһ㣬ȴ˿η壬ʱŭ𣬶Źŷ
֪˭ŷЦ˵
ģˣˣСһ㲻úġЦһ֣ߡ
˵ʵȻ񾳽磬Ȼǳ񣬵ڵУҲǿˡ
ɫأŹŷ磬û̳֡
Ȼʵǿ󣬵ȴһָоǰ˵ʵп֮ϡʿĸоǷǳ׼ȷģرʿΪѾܹϤȻܹӦһЩ
վʲôҴ򡣡Լû̶֣ʱŭɫ죬Լ£
һۣԷеΡ
һ˴үΪɲ⣬ǿ²Ƕ֡
ʲôһ£˲ѹɵӣڣ񾳽磬սףǶ˵ĶԷɲ⣬ɴҲԿǰ˾Բ򵥡
ʶһ㣬ɫЩÿ
뿪˾ͶˣǶֵĻܿҪ䡣ּǿ߶֣ɲһô򵥵ģܿҪ˵ġ
ʶһ㣬һѹסԼŭ𣬿˹ŷһۣ˵ߡ
Ȼѡʱ˱ܣϾԷʵǿҲԷ·һսĻܻ鷳
ԼЦԾ뿪Ϊãȵ鵽˶ԷݣͿΪΪˡ
𣿡Ҫߣǹŷȴͬ⣬˵ͣס˽Ų
תɭȻ˵㵽Ҫô
£ǸȻԷΪŷĮ˵
˻һ˶һҲЩ֣Լûôŷô֡
֪ŷѾ쵽˽ݣֲɵӣȻ׽ΪʲôԲôŵġ
ǲǵʧķ˰ɣԷΪƾ㣿Цŷ񣬼ֱڿһ׳ա
λǰǧʹðϽ˵ɲý£Ļһڿ¶ûк³
ŷ翴һۣʵΪʲôУ
ǽҵˣǰ᲻֪Ұɡ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ˽⣬ԭڵļ壬磬Ƿǳġı֣νĽңǳ˲еĴ塣
ﲻ֪ὯһãὯңŷ˵ĹأʲôҲңûУܹΪ
λǰҪĹأԼЩϰյģǸЩģ㲻½ңǻ±ǣءЦ
˵ʵùŷ綯֣ܵǣ
ƴڵУν죬ȻԯĿ¼޷ȣҲԳƵһָˣҪǵ󱳾Ϊˡ
ǰЩʱ䣬ŷ¹أ׼СԼôģأѲǱȹŷ绹Ҫɣŷŭ
˵ˡ
ЩףԭЩ˻˹ŷĹء
Ȼ˵ģǱϾǽҵˣŷˣǽҵһλ棬ȻִߣҶҵκ˰Ц
Ҳ֪֪ʿȻҽҳ֣øҹµǸȻĻ֮Уû֮ءĻ¶һĨЦмŹŷ硣
ƾʲôŷʵ
Цָָ죬˵ƾǽҵɽǹŷ磬˼Ҫ֪˽ң˽ҵˣӵɱġ
ôŷ֪𣿡ŷЩ۵ʵ
ףŷΪʲôôһģԭԷĹأͷ£ֲùŷôҲһ
뵽վһߣ׼Ϸ
ߡ
Цһû˵
ˣϻҪ˵ˣԷΪһŷ絭˵
˷˶Ծû뵽˵ڣѾԼı˵ˣŷ羹ȻŹ
ʵҪ֪ŷݣͲôˡ


1333 ϵ
ڼйŷֻ̨֪ǰˣνĺ̨ŷ硣
ǰеˡŭ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ʵѾˡ
˷˶ùŷ˵󻰡ǺǾｯң»ûǷʵ
ŷɨһۣʱ֪ǵ뷨Լıӣһⷭһ˿˿Ϣ˸ܵµѹ
ְɡŷ絭˵
ɫһԼߵˣ˵ɱ
ԥֱӳ˹ɱȻֱӶ˼ŷѹ
ǿŷǳԲҵ
ŷ絭һЦһ֣˺ɳȥѪýӶɳˣԼڣɶǿߣǷǳġеЩ֮⣬ҲֻܹһսȴŷһжסýףԼǵһǿˡ
֡ŷ綢ŽҲ޷Ǹղɣĺˮһŵӡ
ǰһжһᣬǽҵˣǰԸ⻯ɸΪ񲯣ǽԸ⽫ǰϱǰΪǼĳϡ˵һЭҲҪΪ֡
˵ЩϲģҸЧ̫Цһûĺȥˣǲ֣ҾͰ㶯ˡŷЦ˵۾⣬򽯿ֹȥ
󺧣תҪߡ
ٶȣܹȵùŷ磬ֻ΢΢һ㱻ⶴֱ˵ϡ
ңΪϵˣٵѾûϣ˵ִ̫ˣΪҵˣܹڣֻܹλȡ֮
뵽ĶˡԹŹŷݣɤЩ˻Ƶ˵ǰҿ뿪𣿡

ŷϵ˶ԷǲģŭˣһԼݡٻҵһ뵽ŷһ
߹ηĿ˹ŷһۣȻ󽫽סͷҲص뿪
ˣ鷳ˡһƨڵϣľ
Ҳһǳľɫ
裬ǲҪòãȻҲû˵ĵط׻ǵػһǳˣֻҪҵͲˡԶԣȻǷǳģЩˡ
飬ĸĸڲý޸ˡ
ӣӳ֪֪Цá
֪
ȻֱҡͷĿ˷һۣЦ˵ֻҪзڣʲôⶼܹǷİɣǳġ
ŷĿɿڴһ۲ȻŷԺг֣ǾǶѾͷһ񾭴޼޵ˣȻĻôûûء
˷һۣ¶˳֣Ѿؿζ
ĸǷģڣµġԼظ֤
һۣЦڵˣԽԽ֪ôˣ֪ʲôӵĴһˣܹΣΪɾûдﵽȻ˵Ĵ󻰡
ΪԭȻͽһҲô飬ǼҵǡȻĸҲ˵˵ǳУһĨԹޡ
ﶼܹ뵽ΪϵȻưոݣ϶Ҫǵ鷳ǵΪҪ˵⽯ҵ׷ɱˣһϣǱɡ
뵽ܹ
ûܹ˵Ϊǿ󣬾ܹߣԭǷģǵĵ鲻ᷢŷ˵
˹ŷһۣﻹǷǳηģЦ˵ǰǶ֪ʵǿ󣬵ǿܹ׻ƣܹŷ͹һðɡ
Ļг˾ɥ뵽ѣɫ
Ҫģұ֤ûܹǡ˵
˷һۣȻЦ˵ŷ
ΪʲôŷµĶȻ
һָоҵֱңҰϵˣһӢʲôǰ϶㲻ϡȻŵ˵
ŷ羪ȣֱĿ΢΢Ȼ
Щȣѵŷ緢ʲô𣿺Ȼദôʱ䣬ȻһͨŮûʲôرĵط
塣ŷ羪ȡ
ŷĻҲ¶𾪵ɫ壬ȻȻʡ


1334 ִ
⣬ս棬Ԥԡרռĸִǣܹڼ˵ʱڣռ֮ɾ硣
ҲռЩ棬嶼ŵơ
һֻҪһ壬УǴҵĶʵ̫ˣڸźܴãһ̶ϣܹһ˥
壬û뵽СӾȻһŷЦ˵
ʲô壿Ĳ⡣
ȻҲһ۾ŷһ㯵ӡ
ν壬һֺʣֻҪ֪ȻϢȥܶ綼Ҫˡŷ͵
˻һȻĸ̲סԾܶ綼Ҫ죬̲סһ¡
ǲǺɮһһھܹϰȻ۾Ȼ˿ˮҪԼһһ
ùŷЦã˵Ҫⳤϣ磬ʿֻҪﵽɾܹϣǷǳ򵥵飬ҪҪ壬ǲǱء
ԭȻͷЩ˼
ߣףڶˣȻûдﵽɾ˵ףЦ
ЦãҪڣ߶ԷԼһŷҲֳֻҪ¶ݣԼڹȥǺ׵ġ
𣿡ʱһ𣬼Ӱ֣ɫսףһ˳ǹָŹŷǡ
ִߡ
ﾪһִߵߣվżˣǽǡЩǽģԼˣ뵽ЩҲһĿ־塣
ŷȴüͷЩ˵Ҫʲô
޹ʷϳʿΪΥĹ涨һˡղſڵǸִᣬǹָŷ磬쳣ǿơ
ִ߶𣿲ףҪ֣涼˵Ļҿ׻Ҳòˡŷüͷ˵
û¶ݣΪҪԷҪֵʲôز
ĿɭȻŹŷ磬Ц׻ƳòҲ֪ҵΪ϶ˣֻҪִУҲܹʹһ㡣
ŷûǽĿ򼸸ִߣʵһ
ߣ˲õˣûʲôýģͷִһŽ׵ĸ֣Լ£ȫΧ£
¶Цݣ⵽˼㣬Ŀɨ˹ŷϣЦҪ֪Щ㲻ܵġ
𣿡ŷɫƽһ䡣
ִߵǹ˹ŷ綯Ҳվԭء
Щִ¶һĨϲɫ֮ǰѾ˵ˣԷܿһߣҲûпŷΪǼŷڲ֣Ȼˡ
ȻǰˣһߣǵĹ²֣Ҳᱻش⼸ִ¶һĨϲɫشһߣȥҲһ־޴ҫ
Ͼںͱ绹һȻҲսϹŴȴ٣ûС߱Ϊǿսش߻ɱһߣԻġ
ΪִߣǷǲֶ֣ԸʿѾûִߵʸˡŷ絭˵һֵֻһⱬִȫ˳ȥ
ˤ˵ϣһڿڵѪ˳ȫѪŷһشǣٴΪ
һֳͷǻ̿֡
ֵܣͷǲе̫ˣϾ׻ƲſʼһЩĵطҲ̲ס˵Ϊִ顣
ŷҡͷ˵ΪãǷȥͷֻи飬ᱻȺһִΣ
ŷ˵ûʲô˵ˡ֪ŷ˵ʵ顣
˵ͷվһߣ˵
ϵΪִɫѿͷǸˣһ⣬ûС
ִˣɫһ֪鷳ˡ
Ϊ˵ִ߶һȻûг׷ϵҲˡǰصǿ߶ˣ³ҲòȥϾֻҪִǰ㱻ǣʱûкùӳԡ
뵽Ҳˣһ£ߵһ뿪
ŷ翴һĻûһ㣬Է뿪֪ԷȥʲôԹŷ⣬ҪĽ
ܶҪùˡҡͷ
Ȼɫ⣬ûн͵ûʡ


1335 ƽִ
ӻֻһ˾СȴҪô鷳Ҳ֪һζҪˡ
ˣˡڵϣûվˡ
裬Ҷ˵ˣǲõġȻС˵
ȻһۣЦ˵Ѿͷ˽ˣαҪֳô飬ӺˣǶҪˣǣˣƯԡ
ʵܹأλ˵ˡŷЦ˵
վ˵ĸǷģҶģұ֤Եı֤
ȻţһɾСı֤˵ƨ㲻һ
ڴʱӰ˹ɫսףǿ
ߣܵѶϢ˹
ͷһ꣬ħ죬ȴһʥĸоȻħ
ŷڰǰص磬ѵһ콾ԼʦֵĹʱħȻѾס
ŷʱħһ𣬴ӹŷϣܵһֿµϢǲܹԸģǿʮҲδǰ˵Ķ֡
ĸ֣΢΢һ
ħûбֳĿɨЩִߣнħüͷʵ׷ʲô飿
ִߴˣ˷ҵΪ˼λִߣҴһΪƽִߴɱⲡϽ˵ɲùŷǿڣʱһǣϣ鷳ʹˡ
˽һۣħ˵£ָֻš
ɫһû뵽ԷȻһӶƽʱЩƽִߣڼʱ򣬶ǿͿģħȴ˿Уýаŭ
Ǹң׷ʲô飿ħָǼִʵ
ħˣôһ£޹ʳ֣үΪϵֹû뵽ȻףҲϵһΪִ߿ڣҧǷֿѾɱˣħΪֹ
ħĻ֮ޱ顣
ýͰִзֹ֪ħʲô˼
ħˣԥʲôǸִͷ̲סʵ
ͣ
һն˳ȥֱӽִ˳ȥħڶԷϣЦ㽫ɵʵҪɱǣǻָֿܹܹɱΡ
˻һ˶һ
ĸƽִߣüͷǾħԷ˵̫ǿˡǶħͲ̫ԷΪ֮£һȴ˵ͷ죬в
ħˣҲ̫־Լ˰ɣȻǸߣҪָ֮ɱΣҲδܹɡһƽִЦ˵ȻħĻ
ҿħ˲֮ʲôϵɣȻĻôάԷִ֣߳Ѳħ˻ΪһƽִҲʡ
֪Ҳ飬Բ˵ô򵥣϶бԭȻҪҲҪħ˵
ħˣĺйϵȻĻôάΪִߣҪ˽ҿʺλáһɫ͵ŮˣļΪߴ˵ֱħ
ħһۣ˵ȵ㲻Ҫˣһǵ˾ľֻӡ
Ĵƽִɫѿħ棬ѹһͷǾҪħѹ·磬ûǸ
ħҪѹ𣿡һ˿ڣޱȣ쳣ΡʱȴΪǿƣֱħ
ֻǰĹѵĹأħʵ
һֱûжŭɫ쳣ƽùŷ⣬ħԿãպɳ׻еһҪ
²ҡȻԸ⣬ǻֻܵͷ
Ĵƽִаޣħսǿ󣬿ڲҲǺܺãȻҪħǺס
ȫߣҪûŪ֮ǰ˭ǸҶ֣Ҳħ仰ĸ˵ģɫѿ
ƺһǴӦֻжħѾ͸ˡ
һ¡
ڴʱһʮǿ¡
ΪߣǿҲֻһ׵Ĵڣǵ֮󣬾ħɫҲ΢΢˱䡣
üͷʵҪʲôѵҪִ𣿡
Ȼɵħ
ңֻСԲܺʹһȥˣԭ¡һվ˳ڽҵļЦݣȴһֲΥĸо
ȥҲȥŷͻȻڣ˵Ҫħô


1336 編
˶Ҫȥܵ飬һε飬һҪŪħĮ˵ܹоǰڽǿߣԱǿ󣬵ⲻħɡ
ħ֪ǽҵļǽңǽٻĺˡһŭ˵Ҳ̫һĨв
ħĿһۣһĨмЦݣ㲻ҪýٻѹңµĹأ㲻Ļȥ״ǲú˵Щֻǰչذ¡
أýҵɫѿ
Щ˲ýصģǽңΪݣѵ㻹ҪǺЩƶһͬ𣿡ŭ
ӷͬ˵ȻΪǣ˵˭ҲӲħ˵
ħ̫ˡŭ
ħһۣ¶һĨЦݣҹ֣һỹӹֵأֻܲס
ɫһŭħк˸
ȫߡħ˵
ҿ˭ңǽҵ㶼Ҷħк˸ħһɱ
ħˣҿ黹˰ɣҲܹġȵЦ䣬˳
ҲЦ˵ħվʢⲻ֪Ƕݣһ㶯ǣȻǱϲ˵ʲô˽ôܷŹ㣿
ħ㲻ҪһУȻ˵Ǵ˽ֻҪˣһ˽ģҪΪһŭʱͲˡЦɫ̡
ʱĽɫ߰ħһмӡ
ҰչȻᴦңȷˣܹľ磬˵ϵѵΪǺ֮йϵħ¶һĨ̵ɫ
ʲôڳ˶һ㶣ǶɵӣȻܹᵽħе˼ѵĺ󱲣Ȼʲôϵɣ뵽ħһֱֳǿƣһпܵġ
ħҪǽңŭ
شϵΪٱߣҵϽȻ޴档
˵֮УƽȣҲƶ֣֮Ǿûи֣֮ȻִߣҲҪշ£ǲ᲻֪ɣħĿɨǣ¶һĨЦ
ѹǡЦ˵
ҲѹǣǽЩˣҪһȥ飬˸ҷҪҲ編棬ִִˣɱ⡣ħɫ
ħ˺ô磬Ҫɱ𣿡Ǹεǿʵ
˸ΥҾ͸ɱħЦ˵
ǿޱȣһ˫ӱ䣬ɨЩˣɱȻ
ߣҵҪ֪ûʵεǿ˵
ħĿһҪΥ棿
Υ棬ֻǾħʵ̫ˣԿۣҳҲΪħȷĵ·˵
û̶֣ˣλѻһ֣ôⲣס
áǶӦ
Ĵǿ߽ħΧסˣۿһս
λѵ飬ҽסˣԺлһԼ䡣ĴЦ
ħɫ΢΢Щ̣˽һۣʲôû˵
ɫţǵĶųУħˣǾˡ
¾ǵҲ˰ɡЦЦ˵ڳУֻܹŷı֣ڹŷɫȫ
֪׻Ƴ϶кܶ಻ĵطȴû뵽Լ˾ȻҪˡ
ִ߲Ϊ˰Ҵ壬ΥԭⶼǹŷԸ⿴ˡĻ;ʲô
ʲôΪɾҲ˵ɫһ䣬һƳ˹
ʵһƴˣҷҲɾδﵽǷˡ
˶û뵽ǣֻЦһ⣬ڽֱϣʱһĨѪɫ䣬ֱը
Ӧ֮仹һϵȻĻƾղ˵ĻѾˡĮ˵
ڱϢչ˶𾪣ħҲһû뵽˿۵ˣȻһ
㵽ʲôˣħһе֪ڵķȴûмԷ϶
ʱҲҵվħ󣬶ŷɫţħȫһ徹Ȼ΢Ĳ͸ղŵżֱһ


1337 ͽ
Ȼһη壬ûסȻߣߺ֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˣǲ֪Ǻá
Ҳ׸硣˵ԼеȻһۣ¶һĨЦݡ
ɫһ㶣ħȻû뵽Է˵Ļ
׸磬һ׸ʵһ¡ӣѾȫסˣĲţԼļһȻһȻֻɾʿȴ֪һϵĳƺ֮µĴڡ
뵽ǲ֪ǸòǸ˷ܣΨûбƭѹоʵϣˣ֪һϲԼŮ֮ӣһ㶼ûбƭķŭĸо÷ǳ˵˼㡣
ȻҲһۣðСǣ˵Ҿ֪ϲˣһӢۣһ죬Ųҵġ
Ȼ߽ͬһ˵ţʱ۾ѾֱˣȫԼ֯ˡùŷȫЦãѾͷӱӰݱĲᰡ
ҲǳϣһһƣϼɣǵĽ𣬽
ŷⶼʲôʱˣһﻹɧ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ˣҪɧвУŷʵ
һ㶼һӡ
ԣʦ𡣡ħͻȻһֱӹ˵ϣŷͷʵͷ˶ϣħֱӹڵϣͶأ˿ûĴ㡣
ħʦ˶Ǿȡ
ʵϣħǺǹѧУѧѧУһ֣Ϊ֮һսħˣУκã֮ȥ
ǰ֮ٴγ֣Ѿ߾ǿˣս죬˭ҲļޣħŻᵱƽִߣһСֶӵͷ졣ܶ˶ڲ²⣬ħʦ˭ȴûһ֪
ڣħȻǰȫڽе˹ݡǺһֵģѵҲһǿߡ
뵽ǶһۣԷе𾪡
ȫԽΪʲôħʵôǿԽЩϱս졣УԵĲͬ죬ľ޵ı֣ʵ̫ˡ
˵ħôһҪǴأԭʦԼ˽Ȼ˵ǣ飬һҪ֪ƽִ߱뵱ˡͻȻ˵Լץסħİѱ
ħʱ̲סһۣһԴԱ¿ˣֹ
̲סЦ˳ָŹŷ˵֪˭𣿡
˿ûʶЩԣЦǺһǵ磬ҲǲҪˣ磬ܹҰĵطնɱ
Ц
ĸƽִȴвͻȻһֲõԤС
ɣֻǴһʦŷ翴ħһۣ˵
ѣҹħѾнʦˣȻϣħҲ֡ħûڵϣ̬
Цŵ˵ͷŷ˵Ӳɡ
ħһŹŷ磬ڿŷĴ𰸡
ʦְŷЦ
ʦµӡħڵϿͷһһĽᣬҪΪŷĵӣñĶ顣
ļᶨĳϿңȻŷ綼ݡ
ãɣӽҹŷĵˡŷ˵꣬ɢȥ⡣
䣡
˷⣬˵Դһ˲ըˡ
ŷ磬Ȼǹŷ硣ػҲǹصƶߣ׻Ƶڽͽˣɫѩףһ˲ʧȥѪɫ
˵ŷǵĺ̨ޱȷ̵ǣǵ˾ǹŷ硣ֲöԷһ㶼ţùŷȥѹƹŷѣֱƿЦ
ͨ
˶˵ϣȻûйȥȥǸоһ赲ȥ
ŷ翴ȻһۣЦ˵ҴӦɩӣɩӹСӵĵ
ǹŷȻɴ۾Ȼ񾭴ǴʱıˣԼһ
ٰҪһǩ𣿡ŷЦʵգգ۾ʱȻˡ
ŮԵ˭ǵĻشֻһǾǹŷ硣
Ҫ̫ˡȻ˵
ȴһѱסȻĶŹŷ磬Ц˵ֵܣҾһϲŮˣܲܲҪǽţ
ĵһȻ׷߹ŷȥˡ


1338 ͷ
һ̣һС־ס˷Ķ䣬ȻС˵ֻǳݹŷϵܣѵ㻹һϲ㾹ȻҵҳϣҲˡ
죬ġ
ڳ˿ĶľҪ֪һһˣھȻŶ䣬ʵ̫̼ǵСĸˡ
ҴˣĴˣۣȻԭҰɣҲˡġ
ŷ̲סһۣȻΪ¾ȫ޷˺һëһﾹȻϷݵЦá
ˣȱˣȴ˵ŷЦ˵
Ȼס֣ӣеδͬʱСֹ̫ˬˣԭĶôгɾ͸а
ڳĶ˶ǿЦãĶ䣬ڳˣҲֻλŸҸ顣
ĿɿڴȻ˵ϣ֪Լ׵ˡܣԷһǾԼɽĹŷ磬Ǻͷվһġ
ħɡŷ翴ħһ
ǣʦħڵĹ
ƽʱЦǴʱϵ˷ܺͼȴڸǲס
ĻƽִߺͽĽħΪŷĵӣһ죬ӴԺǿʵȨӦоС
˵Ҹδǣŷ絭ʵ
֪
ǹڵϣʹͷ
֪
ҲڵϿͷһӡ
ǼִߣͷҲ̧
ӷͬҶµĹأִеģŷĮʵޱȣЩȫ̧ͷڵһ仰Ҷ˵
֪Լ鷳ˣڹŷǰ˽ȻԷǽңǿŷӣȻҲǷǳŭ
ҵȴˣٴ˵
ΪӦôʲôŷħʵ
ħ΢΢ԥһ£ſڵϳһΪȥһְ񣬸ϳִߵĶ顣
˻һǴ󾪡ǺòײųΪִߣ׻󣬻пܳΪ߲㣬һֿµȨƣȻԸ˵ҪԼϳִߵĶ飬
ڷϳһΪǻ˵ĻǺпܾ߾硣
ִߣǲ̧ͷˣֻǹɪɪ
ǳҲϳǵΪɻƽִߣΪִͨߣҪָڵĵλҿŷ絭˵
˻һǲһ˵϶ʧ䣬ӻƽִߵΪִͨߣλڰִ֮£Ȼоɥ
վȽǸϳִߵĶҪõĶ࣬ǵʵŲ֮Ӧþܹ
ҪִߣǴ˽ģǲܴ˽ͲҪվλ棬ʱȨƵòΪϵˣǾͲҪˡŷ˵
ǡ
Ȼҵ
ǼͬΪִͨߣǿвŷ罫ĿתǼִߡ
ҵûв˸Ͻ˵
Цܹסִߵݣ˵Ѿ㹻ˣﻹв
ŷ紦ǣ̫ҲǾˡ
ȴһŷӣȻǣִ߶û飬Ҳ벻¡
ʱ򣬹ŷȴڵѹˣǿȱ˼޸ʧ֮󹴽ִߣҪꡣ
ʲôһ
ֱ꣬أΪϣżʮͻ
󺰵
ŷޱ飬˵ִС
ִ߶һۣ˹ȥֱѺסˡ
棬鰡ֻһӣΪϵˣʱεĻ갡ĵ
ʹ顣
ž
ŷһƳȥֱӽԶ
ڶԱִ£򣬳ͷǷʮִ꣬Сŷ˵
˶Ծû뵽ŷ羹ȻĶģڳЩҵˣҲԸŹҲȥ̡
ǰɣǲΰҵ˴󺰵
ŷЦһǵû˭ǲεģҲһǲȱ˸߹󡣡
Ҫ𣿡ҵĳԱʡ
֪Ƕŷηʱǽҿ϶ΪЦҪһȻǸͲܵˡ
ŷĿɨǣʱýҵ˱ˡ
Ҫ˶֪׻ƵĹΥ棬׻ƲΪưԣֻػҸ˸ҴЩҲģκ˶һŷ磬˶ˣǽĿͶɫг˾η


1339 ׻Ƹ
ЩС飬ȴ̲סԼһػ񡣹ŷ粻Ҫ˶һҪƽȡ
û˭ܹǿҲûʲôΪʲôС
ƽȣֻĸ֡
ŷ磬дһĨ̾Ҫ򰡣ƽȣôס
ÿŽ磬֣߳ǶҪƽȣȴûһܹŷҲﲻ֪ŷܹܲ͹ŷһ
ִС
ŷ絭˵
Ƕһֱۣӽҵ˶ˣûáĵλȻߣվΪʵԼߣһ㷴ʵûС
ʱ򣬻ûзӦԼδŮѣȻǹŷ磬ػǼڲ
λɡ
ŷû̫ʵǣǹŷȻͷһΪĸ
Ȼˣǻǻ˼㡣
涪ˡȻֹ
ڳ˶Цŷ磬ƽˣֻһˣûпЩƽִߣǻһηɫ
ɩ˵ĶԣŷȻʲôվҲһˣ̫ڽšŷЦ˵
ˡŷĻ䣬͸Ͻ
ŷɫڣԼûеɣôͲˡ
ȻҲʶԼе壬ŵòһϽŷ͵㲻Ҫᣬ˵ˣеǸ˼ҵ˼ǡǡ
ʲôͻȻŵ˵ˡ
ţҲ̲סţԼϹ㲻˵ͲҪ˵ˣŪӣֱһŷһǶˣû˸ǽ
Ұ涪ˣʵ˵㲻ˣֻ̫ˣ˵ĻˡƲƲ죬ȻЦ˵
ԼŮ˵Լ˼ҲԼṶ̊ǶôĶˣϽĵͷ˵ˣǵػ񡣡
ŷ⻰ôôŤء
һߵķ͵Цһοŷ羹ȻҲƵʱֻħվһߣޱ飬һ仰˵ֻһû͵ЦֻԼ֪ˡ
ˣʵһλһֵܺȻ֮Ļµġŷ翴һۣЦ˵
λʲôݣСʵԼŷ磬֮Ͻ˵û˵Լͬ⣬ֻҪ˽һ£ϾҪŮһˣҪǶԼŮ˽⣬Ҳ̫Цˡ
Ҳ֪ȻҲ˵һ䣬ǶԷݶǳ档
ŷ翴˷һۣͷſ˵ֵܣҲΪ׻Ƶĸ
׻Ƹ𾪣ʱǲ֪Լ˸֦
ŷͷ϶û
ˣҴӦˣŮҶԸĻҪˡЦˡ
ȻĸҲһΪ֪콫Ǽҵת۵㣬˽죬ǼҾȫһˡ
׻ƸĸƺȻĸ׾ͻ
ˣŷ翴˷һۣ¶һĨЦݡ
¶һĨмɫڹŷܹԼǳмȻŷģ˵ȴûκβõĵط
ãϢ㴫˳ȥ
ŷͽһӣħһ߾ǿߡúܶĽЩʿ۾ˣΪŷĵӣκʿ˵һˡ
ڶϢܣһ׸磬ͬʱΪ׻ƵĸЩ鼤֪ڳֵսмǿĴڣһΪǾ͸Ӱȫһ㡣
Ĵ˲紫ˡ
ʲôӣΪ׻Ƶĸһһ𣬴һĨŭ⡣
ǵģոմϢԲдһ۵ӹǱˣǴ
˿һĻ϶𾪣Ҫ֪ȻǾ˵ĸȻǼҲء
ܹôصֻһͣǾݵ֮һһλߡ
ôĵӣȻǾɱȥɡǸ
ҶʣٴοͷȻС뿪뿪һƬ֮󣬷Լϵ·ʪˣоǻߵ𣿶δ֣޷ܣ죬ֲ˵޵УԲǴ󻰡
ŷҪùˣ¶һĨֻɫ


1340 
ڴ뿪󲻾ãһ𣺡ѣҪ𣿡Ǹʵ
ǾѪȻݱָȥ棬ȻҪɱǰǸ˵
ǴˣǰȥһսͲĽˣǶǲҲģαȥΪأ
ѿˣ
˻һǸ˳Ĭ̾Ϣһɡ
žû˵ֻبűڵĳĬ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷһֱӽȡȴʲôûз֡
ˣ߶㶯ɱ⣬ڵΪҲʲôڤ֣¶һĨЦݡ
ԼϢԵͬһͨһ
˵Ǽλŷʵ
ڤͷ˵㲻õģרİ飬ĵˣȻҰ
ܶ࣬Ĵŷɫء
޷Ҳˡڤ濪ڡ
ڴʱһ绪Ůӣ߳ĮŷһУһ̳Ƴ֣Ůһ㶼ֱӽҿ̳ӵȥ
һ̳ӺƣùŷЩۡ
ģȻкܶ࣬վǺһһ㡣Ȥʱ죬Ҳһ㣬˭֪ӣɶʱ顣г˺ٵһЩʱ򣬹ŷǺܱԼЩƵġ
ƲץǸӣơŮ˵
ŷĿɿڴոרְƣŮ˻˵ŷҲ뵽ˣŮӶһλߡ
뵽ŷЦ˵ڤʦû뵽ô죬͸һʦˡ
顣
ŷĻ䣬˳ȥŮӵ˵֪Ҹղ˵ʦǺСûг֣֮ô򡣡
ͷŷ絹ǲ⣬ŮȻǵֱˬģʲô˵ʲôŭ
ǰ£ʵǰڤʦʵ̫ˣʦڰ椡ŷԴΪڤӵİҲˡ
˶ǿЦãû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˱ǵЦ㿪
ˣҪ˵˵ˣһκͰ㣬Ϊ˱ģ㣬˵һ㶯ɱǰһڤЦ˵
ˣŷһ⡣
ǾѪ˼һˣȻܹǶһôŽᣬ磬ѾǾѪˣҲѾָΪĻԻ͡е̾˵
ԣ˵壬Լףиļ֡ŷʼ磬˵
ʵͷٴδӹŷĿռȡһ̳ƣùŷЩơ
Ϊǰŷ䣬סϼ졣ڤ浭Ц˵
ŷͷվգգ۾ʵҪһ䷿䣿
Ҵ򡣡
ڤ涼Щˣ֣ŷһʧ
⺢ӡڤϵŭʧ¶һĨ͵Цݡ
ڤ棬ͻȻʵڤӵѣоŷǵʱ򣬲ûκβʵ
Ѫֱֺ˶ϣȻǸоڤ͵
Ǻ⣬ΪһֱŷͲǶϰΪˡʹڤɾ˻ߣҲһ
ԣѪȻپޣҲǰûκθоһһ顣һ⣬˵
ɫ֣أڤҲ֣ŰʣҪ˵Ŀ
ֻʹǣΪߵĺˣܹǵϢΪǵĹ棬лʵϢʻ˵
ڤһŷѵǻߵĺֻҲŷ֪ȻܳɻʵģѪʱǻߣûɴгʹǡ
Լ֪飬˰ʣ΢΢һЦֻ뵽˹ŷļ壬ѵ˻һܡ
ʲôڤ澪ȡ
Ѫ³һ仰
ڤ涮ˣѪָŷĸףĴڴѪ
ѪʹǣֻҪ̵ĺãһŽ޵еĻǱȻҪֵˡ˸ž⡣
ڤҲµ˵
޵УҲеУǻǾ޵еģѹŽδܵС
ǻеĴҪɨһеУܹΪ
ͻϹŴʱǳ֣ʣ׼ںһͿΪһۺĻպǲΪĶˡ˵
á
ڤϲŷҲİӣƺʦŷԽǿԽˡ


1341 ̫
ŷ粻֪˵뷨˼Ҫ߳Լ·
٣ŷܴѹȻڤӰţһι֮һء
վҪԼԵģһԻȴûһǿѹĴڣԣȻһŽ磬֪ԼΡ
ڻƲǿֻйŷǶšǲԸܾ˵ѹƣҪжԿһеʵ
ڣ绹Ե÷ǳ
ɽ֮ϣΧ׵˸еɽȻϹŴ޷ϲһЩأǶڹŷ˵ȴʲô
׵ԼϣŷȻ
·بű磬֤ɣ
ͻƣģԾԵϹŴУѪΪϹŴ
һжУһŷἫǿ󡣵Ƕڹŷ˵ǲ
ҪǳѣǳΪһʡ
߲Ǿͷ绹һҪֻأΪɻҡȻ˸ִ٣֮䣬ȴסԼļˡĳɾͣŷ粻ҲԸ
Ѫգһ̣ױŷ缤
֮ӿˣǸоҪֲ츳硣ƿʼֻۣҪŷͻƣһ̱ή
·Ҫġŷ翴ûпϵĽһۣеѪƽ
ɢȥһĻöڰеڤͰӶɳˣȻΪߣôļһǵһμ
ŷҪΪϹŴˣȴ׵ѹ˻ȥ
ꣿǶһۣܹԷеľʱֻ뵽ʡ
ȴһָоȻ֣ݹŷĿֲ
Ĭһᣬŷü߳һСˣͨɫСһСɢſµϢ
Χħ֣СĤݣ·ĤһŻʡ
Сһ֣ۣУһŷɫ¶һİꡣ
ɽȻʧˣ콵߲ƣڹŷϣϵϢһ˲
ͷҲֻһ˲䣬㳹ʧ
ŷüͷٴ˵ⲻҵĵ
һ̣𣬿µϢƵҪһһ
׺֣񱩵˼㣬ԼŷڵĵطûǿڤǶ΢΢ɫֿµҪϵϻ߽ˡ
ǲãɢȥŷٴ
Ȼβ˵һ䣺У̫ˡ
ֱ̫ˣڤͰеĻһμļһ
μΪϹŴνȥһ˻ûбԭֻΪ·߳ȥ̫ˣùŷ粻⡣
ʵϣʹڤˣһҪĳ嶯ȻǣղŶǵϢˡ
ϹŴ񾳽磬ôǿƣǹŷȴ˵ðڤ棬һֲĸо
͹ŷȣǰֽʵе̫Сˡ
Ҫսǿ߳ǿ·ҪϹŴѹҪ磬սߣΪߣҪѹ»ʣֱӳ𣬸ղŵ·ʣҲԸ̤һŷ˵
ڤͰĿɿڴ֪ŷ뷨
ϹŴѹôܣҪ֪²ЩϲͬҲ쵽˼ˣܹܵġ
Ȼǣò̾ŷʵ̫ˣȻǶ롣
սߣǸǲܵ飬Ǵûǹŷ˵Ļȴһŷǿ˲õԺ󣬹ŷ缤սߣ֮ˣȶǿߵС
Сˣ˲á˵
ڤͷûж˵ǰԼܸ߿ŷ磬ڤȴһָоԼһֱСŷˡԶԶеĸ졣
ҪҪָһ¡еԾԾԡ
ڤȴҡͷҪȻܹߵһԼ·ɣʺԼĵ·ǺӸ棬ãʹǵ飬ҲøˣţԼѡ·ȻʺģҲǿġ
á
Ҳָоһ뷨Ѫʹǣڹŷǿ𵽵İǾԵģҪԼԼ̬ȣһǿĸԭ
ŷɽۣ׹ɣȴ˺ҹŷ۾ʱڤһͰһۣͬʱ뿪


1342 ǿ
úڤͰع飬϶ЩѪɫ΢΢Щ԰ףֻǵɫȴ쳣ɡ
ŷ·ʧȥһȻһϢδй
׹ϣҲκڤͰһۣԷе𾪡ŹŷĻɨȥŷڵĵطʲôûһ
ǲУ˳ȥҲ֮УһԽŽδκʱգҲԲκʱա
һּ侪˵ı֣Ȼߣ漰ʱҲδܹӦ֡
䣡
һ죬֣ȴŷſһȫ˶档
ǿģȻվѪڣԴĵ˳
ʲôҪַһϹŴ񾳽硣ڤ𾪡
֮ˣ׺ͬʵһȫŷѹ档ضǱŭһҪŷ촷ۡ
һֿµľһˣ֮֮£ӭ׹⣬һһĵҪһС
Ȼǻ߼ˣҪ̾
ֵʵ̫ˣ죬֮ĽѣŻĿ¡
һʵ֣ն
ŷ֣ӲȴûȫסϱһѪۣɫѪ˳ȥʥϢ
ϡ
ŷ
ǰȥһǰĵֻԼѡԼǰ·Ȼ谭ȫɨƽ
Ƹӿˣһѽ˸Ĵ󽣺գ´
ƽ󽣿£ϣһնʧɫʱն·ˡ
ҿջߵ彣ôУȵ˵
ҿջߣһλʵǿߣͨʱ֮ڻУٮٮߣʵڰ
彣ʱսڻжܹ˴䵽ʱҲܹ͵ĺꡣ
ǴʱȴԻʱս԰žˡ
ԣķֻعʱսŷ춼ҪĹ۲һ󣬲һ
ѿ٣˰һۣڤ̲סʵ
ҡͷ˵Ȼǻ߽ѣҲӼҼְˣԻ뵽һ˵
ʲôڤ澪ȣ߶˵Ǵ˵ĶǸǶôĿ¡
޵ţﵽǿÿһͻƣڴصļޣϲԻήǿףԻɸֱǿ飬ɱɽٵˣ˵ĻŷȵӦǿ׽١
ɹôڤһ
Ȼô򵥣ϲԽѣλм򵥵ģȻҪӳɾ͸߾ˡޣսһּɱĹ
ٲһ޵ʵ̫ˣǶ棬ֻôһ˳ɹôˣȴ֪͵ʵɾͻߵʱ䣬̫кܶţڰ˵һִ˵޷֤
˻
ڤ浹һ
Ǹΰڤʵɫ΢΢Щǡ
ֽףǣȻҪɱֶ֮УǿףʱȻǻߣ¶סɱڤһۣڤ뷨Ҫһ飬Ͻ
ڤͷȻҲ֪ԣ߶ɽٿɲģ˵رĽ
һЩǿĹŽ磬ȻγɵĴ磬ѳֿµĽѡ
ǹꪶȸֱѹŷ缫⣬ŬǰУִһҪǿںϣԼĵ
ǳɹŷսܹɳһµĵز
һʮżȫǿޱȵģŷ飬ѪˣȴսӿգŲȻȽǰߡ
һǰˡ
ֲҳ̶ȣڤǶĿɿڴǿ٣ƿ£ŷľУ޵У˵ŽһпܣǴʱȴˡ
ʮŸŷǰһŴ֮ԥֱӽеĴ֮ȫȻͽԼĿС
ŷϲͣɫͨģΪϹŴ
Ѫգŷֻһ˿ɽϹŴ񾳽硣
ڴʱǰһһͷ֣֪ɣŷ˹ɱȻ
ʮŰ֮ǾʮŸ飬һ֣ŷǿȥǳɹˣϹŴ񾳽硣о˸


1343 ɽ
ŷ糤սʵ൱˴սѪȾ񷡣쳤Х˿ڷ⣬һϢȥһѰ콣ɨ
ȾѪŷҲˣȴ˿ŷҪǿʵԼһ·
սϰУͷŷնʧ
ڴϢָʵ
һ̣һͷ֣£мŹŷ磬Ȼû̳֣ڵȴŷָһ
ŷһһһʹסһʱϢڹŷ˵һٺòˡ
ĻָԼģãˣŷɱ˹
ģôô̵ʱ䡣ŷаҵ֣ͬ뼤սһ
ǿŷŷն롣
£˳֣֮߹˼㣬ʱҲͬ˹ŷһϢʱ䡣
ŷȻնɱԼҲյޱȡǹŷȴûʱԼʼָÿһսֻҵϢʱ䣬ڹŷ˵ʱʵ̫ˡ
һ·սڶʮʱ򣬹ŷ类Уһ飬˺üµơ
վǸˣĵЩֲ飬ʵʵ̫ǿˣֿķǳѡ
ǹŷȴû˿˼һĥ£кܴãŷԼǱڼս֮УһĿ
ŷԽӵǿˣŲȻЩԣǳȴǳǰҪսϰУܹնɱǴʱȴֻҪʮС
һַǳõͷȻδ׽ϹŴ񾳽磬ǹŷʵѾ֮ǰȫһˡ
ʹˣŷҲǻԡѪβһ㱻ɱ
Щ鶼̫ǿˣȻ׵Ǻʵһ޶ʵӵĲη
ս󣬹ŷ飬Ԫ罣նɱ˶֡
ʮŸ鶼ɱðȻǶȹǿ٣ŷĵˡ
ȻŷԪϢͻȻ任һɿµϢ硣쳤Хգһ̣ŷǿ˼㣬·Ͷ֮䣬㸲涼סһ
ȻŷףһִȻԻߵʵδܹ棬ֻ״棬һϹŴȻپޣҲܽٵ
䡣
һְֻ飬ʵϢ춯ء
Ҷ
ڤ֣УԷһ
񷾡ͷһƺߣǸƳ롣ڤУ׷ɱǸȥˡ쳣ŭղӦ΢һ㣬ŷȻɱˡ
һߣ͵ϮһһոճΪϹŴ֣ʵ̫Ҫˡ
˭
кһһաһӰ˳һսɽӶˡ
ɽڣŷ綼ԶȥʲôЦǻ֮Ǳˣɡ
ʵ̫ǿˣһǿߣһϢնɱ
ǸߣҲս˻Уʧ
ŷȴһֲõԤˣôһֵɽĸо
Сӣץˡһһֻ
档ŷ̲סһԼָоôˣԷȻֹߣһ棬Ͻ磬ŷ֣ҪȡĶȻ꾭նԷδܹóѣһ֪ǿƻߵ˻ȥ
ʱʥԺԺ˵Գʱ֣Լõġ
ڶԷȴһγˣûлߵػŷ͵סǿߡ
ǹŷҲԴеˣ쳤ХֱʹýϹŴһ׵ʵȴһҪ£ŷֱӴѣҪԷĹ
ȻУŷҲʹҪץɱŷҲ˰ڲ
߽ϵĺöأϧʵ̫ˡ浭˵ָһѹŷĻ߽ȫ飬ûжԻһӰ졣
ùŷɫÿǿˣȻκβ˶Է
顣
ѡ
𡣡
ŷȳһֶϻ꣬ǽȻ͸ղһ𶯣ѪȻܵ˷ɡ
ڻֻ֣ȻͣͲĹŷܹߣΪһŷ磬ûߵĻᡣ
ŷɫƽȻľȻ侲
ѡ
ٴγ֣ڶδѡ
ʽȥŷɫ԰ףȻ˵Ԫ
ϣҪˣǲܵסҵġ浭˵ȵɽλߣҪǿ̫ˣָѻһֻֿҪŷץסˡ
ۡ
ڴʱһѪƱն䡣


1344 ȴ
Ѫڹŷϣһķˡ
ǻѪ̺޾ɱ⣬˲һǿߣǹŷս죬̺ŻѪʱҲҪˡ
ѵȥҪϵѪ˦
ǻѪ֮ԻѪ壬ǳ󲻵ĺ£㲻Ҫ˷ѡһùŷһ¡
Ǹ򿴹ȥһӢ꣬ѪɫսףĿƽǴһ޵Ц⣬һ˫۾УȴɷµħϣɭȻĸо£ָһּʥĸоϻһּԵϢ֮һҪĳ嶯
һߣʡֻǹŷȴʶԷ֪ԷΪʲôҪԼȴܹܵо˶Լûж⡣
лǰ
ŷ翪ڣתʼջѪ塣
ˡ
һħӹŷг˳ţȻ飬ǻܹоħ洫ļ
ˡ
ħĺһ
ŷ˲ɴ۾Ȼ֪ħںԼٺǰˣħ˭ŷȻס
ȴȻˣڹؼʱ̾Լ
þòص˵𣿡ȵЦ
򡣡
ħԥ˵뵽ʲôǳԻתһӣŷ˵ˣԲˣҼˣҪһԭ¡
гǸ⣬ȻЩΡ
ǹŷԭҲ˯ǸĹУָյʵ
㱾ǴڻصߣȻ飬ȥɡŷ˵ţֱӽ˺ħ֮ϵ
ѣȴЩĿ࿴˵ͷȴһ֣ħصС
ѵѾͷѡ㣬ҿ㡣ȴ𵭵˵
ŷһ£ףȴеѾͷǹࡣȴߵǿսҲ˵Լȴ֮ĸ飬ͬһԸŮһȴǷǳصġ
ŷҲ֪ȴΪ֮սһѪʧ
һӢۣȻѾȥ޾£Ȼڴ̡
Ǹ̾һȴⲻˬ
ζըˣû뵽ԼȻ꾭֣ȴֳһˣƻԼĺ£һԼˡ
һֳ裬޷̡
֮пһŻһӴ壬ѹƬأҪ
һĻŷɫһ䣬ȻоˣһߣһǱˣǻ档
ﲻĵط㻹Ǹҹȥɡȴ𵭵˵һֱֻ
ǴŻһĨѪɫʧŻҲʧ
ҵš汩ŭ
Ļ߲һһĵطҪ֣ôףһαˣҪٴν٣Ҫڼ֮ˡ
Ҳŵȣһϲģܹ㣬Ժɱ㡣ȴ𵭵˵ȴһľİ
ŭϴ˷ŭ
úˣȻѾ롣
ŷһϵĻѪ䣬ȻѾȫաŷһ¥ʱǿʲôز¾Լ֪
лǰŷ繰֣ȴл
лңֻڱһˣСɷ˵Ҳҵĺ󱲣ǲĻһͰɡȴ𵭵˵
ȴΪ壬ŷԼЩڸҰ
ŷɫȴȻһЦҲֻһɵģֻʵһ˴һЩˣò̫ҵ¡
ȴʹ˵еȫһİԵŰԵ쳣ƽ׽ˣùŷɫЩŹ֡
Ҹ뿪ˣչ˺СѾͷõĻߣҸһ֤ﵽ֮ǰ߲鷳ȴ˵
Ϊʲôŷ羪ȡ
Щô˵ģǻ棬Ͳưոݡ
ȻҪٴγ֣Ҫܳһʱ䣬ʿ˵ʵ㲻ϳʱ䣬磬ڹŷ˵Ҳһ顣
һϵһЩѣС֮ǲܣлҪѹˣͲҪǲˣĴߣһ֪ٵļһӦܹһЩˡȴ𵭵˵
Ȼ˵ĺܱأǹŷȴ֪Ĵ߷¾Ǿ˶Ҫһ£Ͼͬʱߣһòʧ飬ûκιŽԸͬʱʡ


1345 ҹ
뿪Ҳ뿪󲻾ãڤͰҲˣŷûʱǶʱһ
뿪󲻾ãʶԼмˣس壬ȴܵ˶Էһֱڲǻŷûµʱһ
ԣлߵϢֹһ𡣡ɫͻȻһ䡣
лߣһǽģһȴ𡣡ŷ˵
ղŵ˵һ飬ŷ˵֣ڤɫЩÿ
Ҳ̫ˣȻݣһ֣һȺˣ޽˻ԼȴͷƻǿЦЦ
ʲôǻԼŷЩȵʵ
˹ŷһۣҡͷڵΪ֪ûкôʱǲˣΪˣȻ֪
ŷƲƲ죬û˵Ҳܹ³һţԼԼߵһԼ֡
Ͼߵʵʵ̫ǿˣΪĻ綼ᰲ
û¾ͺãȴֻ˵ͷȴûмȴһ棬üʶһȴϷɡڤ̾
ǿߣȴԲİĿȾ֮£ڤҲųĵһħȤ
ϾڤҲħʼ棬ȴͬħ֣֣֮̽϶кܴĺô
֮Ӧþܹ档ŷ˵
ʲô˼ڤЩȵʵ
ŷ罫ȴĴ˵һ飬ȴҪߣԣ׼߾ǿŷ֣ڤӺͰˣԹŷҲδ̫һɡ
вʲôưɣڤ˵
ŷҡͷӦòᣬȴͨ쳹صĸӢۣҪҲĻֱɱ˾УҵʵͲܵס
⵹ǲϿɹŷĻ
һҪɱˣرȴǿƵĻߣǶδܹסϾǣҲÿʱÿ̶ڱŷ硣
뵽ڤǲٻɡ
һҺû£ȻĻĲ֪ǸӽˣȻѾͻƣȥԼɡڤ濴˹ŷһۡ
ŷȻգգ۾ͻȻٺЦʦǰҪúദҿŶ
Ҵ򡣡
ͬ˵
ŷЦתܿ뿪
ڤͰһۣԷϵĺΣ޾£дûκʱȴ̲סһ
ŷ粻ֻ֪ǿЦĻȴ֮䣬һ˿㺡ȵڤͰһʱ򣬹ŷ統ʱӶһɳˡ
ʦͻˣħŷһ̣ʱ¶ϲɫ
ŷʱȻϢֻվһֿµϣħо޴ѹ̲סľ
ΪϹŴϹŴһסŷԼʵû˿
̫ˡħϲ
ŷɲһʿΪϹŴʵֱ׷Щµˣ´Ӵ֮󣬳ЩڻʵǿߣҲûܹѹƹŷ硣
ŷΪϹŴϢȥ׻ƶˣǵͻˡúܶ׻Ƶʿ
ŷȫ񻶡
׻֮У֮ڣͬ졣ҪԼΪȥЩģȶ
Ϊ鶼֪ŷڸ߾磬ܻ۷ͻƣʵǰǿ˲֪ٱЩЩģ׵ȶһǿսǻʲôõĵء
Ϣ統Уܶ˶̾һǿߵ𣬹ŷϹŴ񾳽磬赲ˣǻ֣߳˭ܹɱ
ǾããȻлߵϢ˭Ҳûм֣߳ڻʵļ¡
ŷ磬ǸѪҪһսħУһ׷꣬һʯͷ棬ǰվͬһܳӣһͷɫͷһֻ۾Ǻɫһֻ۾ǰɫһ㡣
ǹŷȻܹϳ˲Ǳˣֵҹ
ͬ⡣ҹڣȻƺǸ׷ΪˣǴȥԾ춯ˡ
ҹһֱħһǿߣףħ磬ûе֣ſһĴڡ
ǴʱȴǱ΢ƺΪˡ
Ż׷국˵
ҹɫһѵ϶ǹŷĶ֡뵽ҹҧҧԼ촽һĨЦʧ
ɳ̫˳ˣҪһ۲УϣǸѪһҪʧ׷˵꣬۾


1346 ղ
ƽɫսħ磬ʱ˺ܶ˵ע⣬ҹħһǿĴڣɨ֮ͬ޵֡
δ֣Ǻܶϱȴ˵ԼĶ֡ҹл֮ˡ
ΪϹŴ죬Ȼ߾绹ԶȻܹɨˡ
ʱŻƽս̷ȫͬŵһ˴ϡ
սħһԽһ۷ޱȣܹ˵Ĺ²ɵС
ʱҹս˶ڲ룬Ҫʲô˳֡
ŷ磬ڹս㣬ǰһսҹ硣
ܶ𾪣Ȼսŷġ
һʱ䣬ŷֿȣնɱֵɽͶһ壬ɱǣҲڹŷǰˣȻѾǿ𣬿Ժϱǿơ
ʱҹսúܶѪڣԤһսܳǿײײΪõĻ𻨡
仰ҹսս硣
һƬĹŽ磬ûһڹʱԻͣһ壬սʱľݻ壬ȴΪһصǿߣŽ綼
ǸǿҲܣ˽սȻնɱǸȺˣҲɱ
սҲϵˣҲûһ
еĹŷ磬ϢһЦûлӦ
׻еˣΪŷ϶Ӧսȴû뵽Ȼ˵
ΪβӦսﶼЩ⡣
ŷĻشܼ򵥣ûʱ
Ƶ׻Ƶɽ֮䣬ȥ߷һЩľʶرԯ޵ǣҪѰҵԼ׵ڡ
˵ȹŷΪϹŴ񾳽֮󣬱ȥ
ʱŷΪѾﵽǹȴûг֣ŷԼȥҶԷ
㸸⹫ԯ޵˵
ᵽŷ⹫ʱɫ΢΢Щηùŷ⣬ԯ޵кų޵У첻µز£Ȼ⹫Щ֡
Ϊԯݺ⺢ӵ飬㸸ĸ⹫ҲһҪңҪ飬Ѿɵˡԯ޵пЦ
ŷ֪ԭʱ飬ô򵥣Լ⹫ˡ
ʵϲ̲ҪΪǼ飬⹫ӡ˼˵ʲôʱԭǣʲôʱ򽫷ӡ⿪ԯ޵ڨڨ˵
ŷףʮĵͷ˵ǲ˵׵ڣֻԼȥѰˡ
ŷƣ̲סҪһۡ
ͷ˼Ҳңȼʱһͷӡŷû˵
ꡣ
֮һֱŷ¡
ΧʲôδƻֻԼڣɢһ㡣
˭͵Ϯӡŷֱӳɨʮҧгݣû˻شٴŭҪҵ㣬ȻĻеСܵܡ
ۡ
ԯ޵кȫˣѾµ˭ȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵
䣡
׺ȫ£ŷû
۴У˱⽹ۣȻһʵףǿ˼㣬ŷҲסֲε
ܿ죬ɢȥŷڣжðˣ۾ֱ񷣬ޱȰԹӡ
⵽˭Լȥ̫۸˰ɣŷ綼ֵ֪˿϶һߣΪûԼӡ
Ȼ޵еҲͬС
ϹŴ񾳽磬ŷģͬʱںʵѾһµľ磬Ȼ֮ջһЩ࣬Ҳˡ
ѪУŷָ塣
վҪٴοһ̣һ֮ϻŷֱӱͣðɣͺúҪǰˡ
ԯ޵к͹ŷǺЦ˹
ղͣСһʼˡԯ޵и̾
ŷɵۣ֪ԯ޵ʲô˼
ղųֵǸˣĻӦ⹫ŷ˵
ۡ
ֵŷˣֱһָȻ˵ϼһΪϲ𣬾Ȼ͵Ϯұ㡣
ΰ£ԯ޵ӲĿɿڴء
һǿĹŽУһһһѪĿһ˸
ϼһҪ۸ҶˣҲһˣһ֣Ҳߡε
һ̣꽫еλö˹ȥ
ҿ϶ɱҰεĲҽд


1347 
صԯ޵Ÿ߹ŷ磬Ҫ⹫ڵĵطǲܵģֻһܹȥ
˭ŷ۾һ
ʦļӣֻǲ֪ʲôطǿԿ϶֮Сԯ޵˵ᵽʱԯ޵еɫ¶һĨ̾
ȻˣҲǷǳġ
ôҴû˵ϢȥѰҡŷЦ
ţ֮أ㵹ǿȥһԯ޵Ц˵
Ͻ֮أŷһ㶣ѵԯ廹̽ϽϢ
ϽҲԯ壬ͨκԼѾϵˡԯ޵е˵
˭Ϊŷѯʡ
δԯ޵¶һĨЦݣ֪ŷ˼˭ΪҪԯ壬һֱΪġԯ޵еĻȴùŷ羪ȡ
δһʵֻ൱ʵܹҶ²˾
û˭Դݿ࣬ŷһ粻еô򵥡
ԯΪũĺɽΣ
粻򵥣Ҳûеˮôֻмϼһܹŵס棬ľͲˣ㲻Ҫָ̫ԯ޵²ŷ˼̲סЦ
ŷ粻ÿɷ񣬷Ϊֹûе׶ЩʲôµĴڡŷҲ⣬ҪģֻԼʵֻҪʵȥˣκǿ߸ˣη塣
֪ŷͷ뿪
ص׻Ƶʱ򣬹ŷȴ֪һŭϢ
ҹ֣һɱɫСӳȥҲشˡ
ͬʱҹ棬ǹŷ粻Ӧս֣ʱЩδؾôˡ
ŷ˵һɱ⡣
ͷȴŷľ
һػڹսţժԴŷ˵
ãͿҹ˳ˣΪԼ޵أһһҪúýѵϲ
ʵϣŷ粻ӦսѾһӰ죬ҥ˵ŷ粻ҹĶ֣ԲӦսȻ׻Ƶ˲ţǻеֹЩȡ
£ֻйŷ֣֣ܹ֤ܶһУ˵¶ԷͬʱԼ硣
ʦаգħʵȻùŷ޵УŹŷʵȴäĿϾŷʱ䣬ʵϲҲϹŴ񾳽磬պҲ޵Уɨ죬ȴδء
һèѣмᣬȻҪҾͳȫŷ絭˵һĵĸо
ħ𾪣ҹèҲֻйŷˡ
ȥɡŷ˵۾
ħ뿪ŷ翪ʼȡҪҵ˵䡣ùŷǣͷһһɿֲѹԼϣͲܼȥ
ģϼһΪ״ﵽһʲô磬Ҷݡŷ𾪣㡣
ֻеһˡŷа뵽
磬ڣŷӦҹսĻӦȴǳǿƣҹڹսţû˵ʱ䡣
һ쳣ӵ̬ȣûнҹС
ҹЦԦŻƽսص˹ս硣
ۼ˺ܶˣϵǿߣ飬磬Ҫ֤һս
ǿҲв٣ڲϣԪһһ֮䣬ƾ졣
һЩصӰ֣УǳȻҹڿǵʱҲɫأܵһǿв
ЩŽţǳˡҹ뵽Ŀ棬Щ˵ϣһȵս⡣
ЩˣͬЩ޵һˣǿޱȣл֮ˣȻҪΪ֮еĴ
䣡
̹죬һ٣У֦Ҷïڱ˰Ƭ񷡣
ҲˡҹĿȣǿһοڡ
ҡƽ͵·˵Ҫһսһ
ڸһսҹսеĸӢ䲻ǿϢڹϣҪٵһ㡣
㲻ҵĶ֣֣ҲңҪȡ衣˵ߣȴһְ
ʮĲҹĶ֣𾪣ǺεǣҪ֪ںܶ˵֪УҹҪȻҲսŷſսĴڡ


1348 ħ
ҹЦü۳һŭЦ㲻Լ̫𣿡
ҡ˵ֻʵ˵
սҹ˹ȥս֮ϣԻȥֱ

һֱ֦ɨ˳ȥ
䡣
һ죬Ƕվ˭Ҳûսˡ
ҹɫȴ쳣ÿ˫ӡгһ쵶ƣֱ
Ȼֻһ֦ѹ쵶ɨɳȥ
Զɽ飬Ϊҽ˶̲ס̫ǿˡҪ֪ǹս磬һ磬쳣̣һ֣ܻٵʮѾǲˡ
ֻһɽӱˣƿ¡
ҲԸһսҹҪȡ裬һ㻹йŷǸ֣ѵҪ𣿡Ц΢΢ˣǺ£ֻǲҹʲôͻ
һսǲûбҪܡ
콾еĺսҹ˵һ࣬ǴڱҪʱǲֵġ
ߡ
ҹһսĹâʧվڿУȴŷĵ
ܿ죬յʱȥˣŷδ֣ɻѵŷˣԲˡ
е̫˰ɣ˶Ǻš
ϾŷǿƣǴҶܹģԸǲء
ҿǸŷ磬Ҳ㲻ʲôսûУЦһʿ˵ͭ磬ԹŷŷǳŨĵ⡣
ҹǹŷԱȵģ֪ҹ˵Ķ֣Բ˰ɡħʿЦŷ硣
ŷֻﶷȽϺݣǿߵʱͲҳˣ˾ȻǾݺᣬͬһҸо衣Ǿ˵һʿЦԹŷ˵⡣
ڿ±ŵ˰ɣȻĻôᵽڻûҿýŷˣֱӽųˡһͷǣΪ£磬ʱҲڣ̹ŷ硣
һͲһΪ壬֮źϵŷ˲ǽ磬ʱһԮʱ֪һ屻֮жԹŷ͵ɽǺ޵˼㡣
ƨЩϲģҲ˵ʦĻֳնȫһӳ֣ƽսףᣬŸղ˵ЩˣɱȻ
˭һʿʵ
ŷħʦ֣֮ǰֻҪһЩ飬ʡʦġħ˵ĿɨǣȻ˹ָͷ
Сһʿŭ磬һҲһʲôʱӹҶԷһСŭ˼㡣
ɱοʹɱŷҲ˵ʲô˵ʿΪݶڱҪɱˡ
Ļ䣬ħͽĿת¶һĨЦݣĳ֡
һѴնǸ˵ʿһҪ㿪Ѿˡ£ɱ飬
˶ɴ۾ȻǿߣĿͶ˹Ƕħ¶һĨȵɫ
Ȼħı֣Ǻ⡣ȻʱҲˡ
ӱ˳ɾͣʦǷףǶһۣԷеľ̾
ϲġ
ħ˵Ŀ棬˵ϣ˵
Ǽڵʿȫɫһ䣬ֻǸһʿܹ򶨣ղľ˵ʿʵȴ⼸൱ȻħԷɱġ
ħһ׵ʿǿҲܱϹŴ춼ߵ޵ǿ
뵽һʿЦСɱ㡣
һͷƽɫĲǣħɱ޴צͬһɽһСնȫץˣħ档
ħգɱ
𣬺ջɱȥ
ħʩչս߶󽣣ֱӽצն䡣
ʲô𾪣ŵһغϣϹŴ񾳽ǣȻˡ
⻹û꣬ħ˫ӡһѡ
һֶϻ꣬ѧֿµͨ
ǿʱķˣԪҪɶݶȥ
𡣡
ħʩչͨǿߵԪ档
ۣ
ԷԪը飬
һĻ˶ɵۣ֪ŷһĵҲһ
Ҳħָʣµļˡ
ɫ԰ףħǸʿ¶ֵ̿ɫҹ󺰵˾ҡ
ȻǶħĿֶŵˡ


1349 
ҹһۣ˵ΪħʿȻųһָǸħʿը飬
ҹҲʵ̫ˣԴԼ
ħһۣ⣬ǽĿתƵͭϡ
նǿʦһսڲ֪Ǹ˻𣿡ħЦ˵
ͭʿʲôЦǸǿߣǿ󣬵ǺڵĹŷȣͲ̫ԶˣǺ͹ŷһս϶ᱻŰҶʣ
ǿˣҵ˼ǣҪ֣ʦ𲻳֣Һһսħ˵
˻һ𾪣Ҫʦսյĵ˶ǳ鴤ǺεǿƣǶڹŷĶ˵ȴһֱŷѾԶԶ˦
㲻Ҫ⣬ҵȻǹŷĶ֣ҲĶ֣ǲҪˣҹѵҳͭǿɫҪҹ
ҹɫ䣬ֻȴһ˿м
ɨҹһۣħ˵ڻĶ̹֡ϣͭЦǾãȻħ֪ԼҹĶ֣ٽҹħͲǳˡ
ǴˣҴס
ֻʱģҪҹһսȻĻħ˵
˻һȻҹɫ͸һɱ˵̫ˡ
ǿֻţҹѵˣħη壬һĨЦݣֱҹ
Ҹʱ䡣ҹ˵
죬ȻħĲȻһλҲġϾʱ̫̣ħȻڽҲֹǰġ
ҹŰ֮ħĻԼĶ֣İκս
ϣᡣħҡͷǺ⡣
ҹɫһŭ
гֵĳ嶯Ҳʱ򣬹ҡһЦǵСҲǸʲôŷ磬ڵǾãʦһҲһҪǿĶˡ
ǵȻħֱӳϣһ㶼ûǫ顣
ֱˬǿһţ˾
Ŀתͭʿ˵ˣ˵ô໰Ҳȥˡ
ߡ
ǸͭʿɫתߡͬʱߵļͬͭʿҲתܣҪ뿪
Ǹоħɱ⣬ֱָǣȻǴ㽫һ򾡡
һ߲ˡħЦһȭֻظ֣ɱ죬ЩС
𶯣ɱ⣬˲䣬㽫Щͭʿɱ
ÿµֶΣ˵һ
ʵȻҲˣҪ֪ղЩͭʿһߣȫϹŴ񣬽ȴħһжס
ͬʱ뵽Ϊħʦŷ絽жô޷
С
һ̾ͬʱħϣһ
Ҳ֪֣¶˷ܵɫ֪ħܲܵסһء
ҹ¶һĨɫħϣҪķӦ
ͷ¶βҲϱɡħɫ䣬˵
һӰ֣ɫսۣòϣһĺѾߵͷһ
ǣ˾ȣòĸĹQְɣҪĻǾ̫ˡ
ԣһ죬ĳЩϹڣһۿ˵ݡ
һЦ˵˵ֻһȴûˣҲȥҲȥȻܹݺᣬһˣұɱҲǶԵԼˡ
˭ħɫЩء
ȻԷһ죬Ǹѹȴǳף˶벻Ǳϵô򵥡

³һ֣ʱòһ

ڳ̲סȻ֣ҿǵı֣ǳ
Ǻˣʿʵ
һԻʹĺᣬ۷ʱԯƵһսܣսȴͬǰܣһ˱괫˵ɱˣû뵽Ȼšͣʱڳʿһ
սԯƵۺȴɶǴ˵е޵УһʱĻһսУ֪
ܹǼսֻܰУǺεȾ޵Ȼֻһ죬Ҳ뻹ܹһΧ޵С
Կ϶ǣħ϶Ķ֡


1350 ޿
ǸĽͣ̾û뵽ô£ܹסңʵ̫οˡ
ǰΪһСΪǰӦİɣͻȻڣȻҪΪħͷһ㡣
ҶǿˣﻹܵЩѵҪ֣סС𣿹ȻΪҵͣĳ֣㲻ҵĶ֡˹һۡ
𣿡һЦϵ֦ҡϣʱ֡
ú˵
ֶȻֻһͷӵ󣬵ȴһΰĸоֿµϢѹƵ˶
ĬǻǼᶨǰȥ
ȻΪħҪĴ˵еǿһսȻҹ¶ȵɫ
Ϊʲôҹʵ
Ҫһ֣УʦԣǷһ顣ǳ̹ϣ˵ԼĿġ
˾ȣҪ֣Ҫʲô
Ȼ˵Ҳûʡ
ҹĬվڵǻǹͰˡ
лǰ֡ħȥɵȻԼסһǿĴڣܿµѹȸУħ֮Ĳǳ޴
ҡһ֦ȥը飬ϵҶӣȫ⣬ޱȣһѰѵķɽȥ
ϽɫϢӰϳԵü߹һҪĳ嶯Ͻɫʱ򣬺ܶɫ¶Ȼɫ뵽һ˵֤ʵˡ
Ȼһ壬һԺ;ѪѪ˵ӵĿ£Ѫÿһ˶ĶսˣԵޱȣʹƽӹߣҲܹеһЩţǿ
ϽɫѪǵı־ԴڹеİҲͬ϶ݡ
һͷɫ֮ݺᣬס˹Ĺ
Եޱȣһ˲θߣͷǦɫͷϽɫһϢҲʧǿɱ˹ȥ
һ֦˹ȭͷײһ
Ǹ֦˲䱬飬Ҳͬʱˡ²ɵһ˲䣬ɱȥһͷɫٴγͣĹ쳤Хһٴγɱȥ
ǰԴĹһͷѧ죬ղǸķݻԼİ
ֹޱȣһʩչ֮ƿֲɱ۷ȻԯƵۺȴ𣬶һ³Կ
֦ȫˣͷɫסһȣȻɫ˺ˡ
ԼҲܣʮ֦һ˲飬ƺһ
΢΢һһѪ
ܾˣ״̬̫ã˷֣ϵĸϢٴγˡ
ǰοأʵδزܹסαΪһʱ֮죬ƴԼҹ˫۷⣬һڣһΪɫڰϣ˰״̬
ǵѪںĲһ£˵޿αٻţյĶ֣ѾԶԶȻȥҲûκϣ
ҹɫ΢΢һ䣬˰˼˵ԯƵۻȴ𣬽߾硣
ʧ޾µˣȻûǣҺпһ˻˶Ϊ˻ߣ뵽ҹɫء
ħ磬ݻеǿĴ֮һȴѣǺ;ݻ֮䣬޷ġ
ߣѾ㹻ˣȴԯƵҲ˻ߣħ¾Σˡ
ߣȻݻԻ͵ʱҲ˰ɡ
ţϣǰҪҹȰΪΪҪΪݣҵĵˣϣһݵĴУ䡣
ҹһۣ˵֪˼Ǿݸеô򵥣棬Ҳǿô򵥣Ѿϣ޿ȻҪ֮ǰܹĺ콾һսҲֵˡ
һ仰˵ĿⶢϹĿȣɢս⡣
սɡ
ƽͣʱڣϹâ貣ͨԡ
Ȼʵ˼ޣҪһս
䣡
֮ս˿ȻǿߣԸԭأս̫ˣʹǿ߱Ҳпˡ
ϽɫѪʱʱ֦飬ǿＤսȫ˼ֶΡ
ǿޱȣ棬޾ۣͨ
գһʬڴ֮ϣüһѪϽɫѪѾɺԣ
ˣɱ
ǹȴ̾Ϣұذܡ


1351 ˫սҹ
Ȼڳȴûһ˸һֱ׳ĸо
ǧţվˣȴûлǿ󡣹ҡϳּƣɼԵЩĿġ
ͬҲⴴˣֻǸղŲڰҲѹƲס
ǺˣҹԼĶ֣ˣããҲмϣҲֻнڻʵǿܹѹ
սһѾ㹻ǿˣʵϣоɼսбδܹʤ
Ӣһ콾ĻȻδΪߣ꾪ţ˾̾

̾һǿȥֵģùЩȻʧ
ΪԽߣܹߵͬ߶ȵǿߣ붼һϧĸоúܶ˸оϧ
ħû˵վһߣɫĮûκοϧĸоǵˣȻҪɱԼǶԷħּġ
лǰ
ħл
֦һ㣬ǵͷվһߣ˵ˡ
ѾˣŷȻмĶ顣ʵϣҲоһ߻ǿߣػħһˡ
вȻ֣ʵħҲµġ
ҹħһۣվսޱȣһִϡ
ʱ䣬ǺܳڳˣӶ̴١ܿʱȥˣǾȣŷδһ㶼ûҪֵӡ
ҹкһĿⶢħϡ
ħʱ¶һĨЦݣҹЩм˵ʵҵʱģʦû˵ʲôʱ϶ֻˣѡ
ʲôҹŭЩħ̨֣ǽҶɵˣ
뵽ħг˲ơ
ҹ˵ɱȻ
ҹν˵׷ɱλʦ壬ˣһ٣һһҪΪԼжô˲ʦûнУ׷ɱλʦ壬ʦŭˣΪ㣿
˻һ𾪣ŷ羹ȻûнҹУǺεҲ̫˰ɡ
ҡȻǱ𾪵ˡȻܹҹ˵ҹУδʸ񡣱ϾҹΪǿһȺˣˣ˭Ҳӡ
һŷ磬Ȼ񣬲ҵ֪㱻ɱܹ𣿡ҹɱĿȻޱȣɱããХ졣
ԡħֶ
˻һ˶𾪣Ҫҹһսεºܣ
ãҾɱС󡣡ҹЦս⣬ɱ
һҪ֡
ڴʱħȴڵǰһξԼɣɱңֵܣһְɡ
ħĻһӰ֣ǿޱȣһȭֻؾ춯أɱȥ
£Ҳˣħһɱҹ
ҹԶս߶ͨͬһֻء
µͨɱȥҹײ
ҹȥҹߣһֻĳµ˼㣬ֱӽ˵Ĺ飬ɳȥ
ºħ˲£ٴγȥ
¾񡣡
ѡ
ʩչ¾񣬳𶯣񱩣綼ˣħʬϵһĩվ
ħʩչһֶϻ꣬ҹüһһµơ
һһȻŭһһȭ죬ֱӽ˺ɡ
ºħѪվʵ̫ˣȻ֣ҲħĶ֡
һͨӰ֣еϢվһĻʱȴͷ
ҹܿ£ºħ˫սԷܹһʱ䣬ˡ
Ҿɱˣҿŷ绹ܹܲˡҹ˵ɱȻˣµϢת춯ء
֣һֱգӹޱȣݺ޵Уȥ
䡣
³֣죬
ͬʱħХһд䣬ˡȻǶȾѪȴɫ˷ܡ
Ҫ֪һ쳣ֲħһһ֣ȻһЩ۷ҲĶ֣л֮ʡ
˲߾磬δ߽ߣȴסҹһ쳣޵ı֣ڳ񶼾̾ˡ
һһͽܣʵΪʦŷ磬ǺεȾޣ޷󡣵Щ̫Źŷʿʱȴˣ֪ǰԼ˹ŷ磬һµǿߣǿҹ
ŷ粻֣Ǻҹͽܺ͵ӵı֣ľҹԼĶ֣ԲŻԼͽܺ͵ȳֵġ


1352 ˫ս
СһǱ󣬽ɾͶ벻ҡԯݺ˵ŽʱԽԽӵϡ
Ȼδʵȴһʱ䣬˲֪١
ң⻹ԯݺļޣǱ̫ˣ겻ڹŷ磬̤ʵԼȻܾޣսŷҲ̫Զ
˵ºħҲһ
ŷͷӣȻҪΪҪĥ£һκûᣬҹһĶ֡
ŷĻԯݺ̲סҡͷ㻹СһɣϾҹ̫ǿˣսֻ΢ѹһ㣬Ҳδܹʤ㾹ȻӺһս㻹ð
ŷһЦû˵
ʵҲڵ˵İΣǹŷȻ˵һţʹΣյĽأҲǾȳ
ҲǹŷΪʲôĵǳսԭûаյĻŷ϶˳֡
ȻڿҹǲɷϣҹΪµ֮һҹΪϹŴ죬սȿ£սһЩ۷
ɱ
ҹŭˣû뵽ԷˣȻԼôʱ䣬޹⡣Ҫ֪սĿǶԷʦڹŷͽܣȴסˣһֳ裬һС
ħ¶һۣʩչͨҹˣȻȻȫȥҪҹս
ϵĻģ似죬Ƕ˵ޣǿᣬȻҹĸҲһս
ŷҡͷǳţ»Ҫ֪ҹǿʵ˵˼㣬˸ͲҹĶ֣սҹҲͬ͹ŷӲ
Ȼûжãħ˵ɳȥǿѪֿµѺۡ񾪺Ҫ𣿺ܶħµдһĨϧϾǵ츳ǳɳȻеĴȴҪûŹԱҪĻˡ
ҹԸ񣬲
ҡҪԮֵʱȴͣסˡ
ΪʱħˣϵϢͻȻǣﵽһµĵزǳ֣һɿµϢǵϱľˡ
һ̣Ƿ·ͬʱ˳ȥ֮ϣ˽¡ǳ֣Ѵⷭᴩ磬Žδ
𾪣ȻһЩǿ߶̲סľʵ̫ˣǲһĸо
ҹȻҲоˣŭһս⣬ͷ˳˳ȥҵĻһҹֱսںһ
һ̣սһӵսܣ˵Ĺײһ
ۡ
ۡ
ħѪԺˣҹɫг˲
ǶԷǿĹһʹɱҹҲҹܵش֮սƽֽ֡
ȴһǴԼǿĹȴû˺˶ԷԼȴûս
ҹֳսܣɫ¶һĨЦݣƾСҲɱңֱһЦݽߣȥȥˡ
ΪɱһͱǻˣпܻɱˣҸһսֱЦҸײκһֱֻѹ֡Ц˵
𾪣ºħ㹻ޣǺһҹһƽ֣ȴ˵ǹŷ֣һֱֻܹѹˣŷҲֲ̫˰ɡ
ʶһ㣬Щ˶һۣԷеľ
ǿΨһ뵽Ĵʻˡ
ҹһ㶣ɫͨ죬û뵽һֳ衣Ž˻ܣǹԭһβҪˡΪȷʵ㹻ˣŷȻҲˣȴû뵽ŷһֱֻܹѹˣ˵ʲô˵ҹԶԶǹŷĶ֡
һ㣬ֱҹȳӶҪء
ôǸȥˡҹ˵
Ҫ֣ɱˡħˣȴ˿η壬侲վɫм
Щɻѵ̡
óˡԯݺ˵һ䡣
һĻħǾΣˡ
ŷɫŹ֣˵Ҳóˡ
ԯݺ΢΢һ㶣ҲܵһϢҹгͬ飬һһעˡ
Ҷ֣ҾͶ֡һŮȣһطȥ
һʤѩŮӣʥУȱֻǴʱУȴĹ⡣


1353 
ҹĿһܵһɼвʱɫ裬Ůӡ
С㣿µɴ۾
ϳ˵ݣڹŷ뿪֮󣬽УһŮӳ֣ԼǹŷͽܣҪѰŷ磬ʽʦ
ʱ±ƺŮΪС㣬֮ϵ
Сڶôˣ˲Ǳˣš
ЩͷµɫЩ˼ҹһ˵ҸͲʦһս˼ңˡ
ʦܣЩȡ
ħʦҸ׸ոµĵӡ˵
ϵЦݸӲˣ˵ԭʦµӣҽţĴʦ㡣
ţȻǴʦˡ
ֻĻһ˵ڳˡҹǳԾĳֱͣԼ˵ġ
ǰŮӣʤѩʥ鲼ȫͬϹŴ죬һʵȴ˿ҹȻҲǹŷĵӣ˶סˡ
˵ŷĵֻħ£Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳ޵Уһ˶ˡ
ŷ絽жû˶ˡ
ȻҪսҵʦҪɱҵʦܣĲ㣬ʲôӵ˶ܹսʦңʸսʦŵ˵
ܶЩĽţںܶǿ˵ԼΪǷǳҪӵһõӣҲǷǳҪġ
ӵĳɾͣҲͬڱ˵ĳɾ͡
˵ŷģһ֣úܶĽˣͬʱʾĲ
ս𣿡ҹЦ
Ǽ󱲵սǰҲԲܣеҲЦġ˵Цģֻ˵Ļҹɫ쳣ÿ
ԷΪʵҲģĻŷ綼ҹϾԶԶڹŷ֮ϡ
սŷ磬ѾǲҪˣܼսңǶ˶ˡ
뵽ҹ˵ҽսϣ֮󣬹ŷ粻û֣֮Σ
ȻҹҲɵӣ̫ˣһսȻܹʤҲֻǲʤ״̬»͹ŷһսǿ϶Ҫġ
ҹĻһЦʦȻ֡
ҹһɫһ˵ְɡ
ԯݺῴ˹ŷһۣ̾Ϣһ˵õһӣôôƻİɣ
ƨӴûнѾͷˣһʱ䲻٣ҿġŷû˵
Ѿͷ߯һ㣬˵ǹŷ粻֣ȷʵս֮󣬹ŷԲ֣Ϊ֮ǰ֡
ŷӦϢĵڤţǣŵĻʹߣǾԲű۸
һսܣҹҪӵù
˵ʵƿ£һ֣ҹܵĻᶼûС
˼սʥȹƮɣһ˫Ƴһ쳣
Ǻħȫһ·ͬ¡
ʦˣȻߵ·һʵ˶ѾˣʹħµʽһķŶǲͬġ
ħĻǻʵŷʦְ»ߵĴСµķţǹŷսǶԷķţվߵ·߲һŲࡣһַţ쳣ǿ󣬳һˡ
һַţ˺أöԷɫ
һսҹúʹ࣬Ȼй֣վ֮ǰħǴսķѵУʱӦһţЩ̲ĸо
һĻ̾Ϣ֪ҹҪˡ
ۡ
ҹϱŻһƣһѪԺˡ
Ÿǿƶ˫ֽӡȻ޾֣üĶɢһԸѹ
ԸԸֻˣܹӵУ˭Ҳû뵽һ󱲣Ȼӵ޾
ﶯ졣
ҹսֶһһų˹ȥ
ͬʱҹһͷ
ֻµޣȫΪĴڣҹݻſֲܡ
ɫأԸѹ£ֻµײһһ죬һѪ˳ȴδܵ˺
ҹȴһֱӱˣѪȾ񷡣
Ǳɱ»սܣصҹԪ¡񶼺Ȼķ֣սܵ棬һµƣһͻٵˡ
һȻһز˶Ծ
ŻʥУͻȻһŲҹԪϲ䣬ݺݵĹ˴С
㾲˭Ҳû뵽Ȼһ


1354 
ҹսˣǰڹŷУǱĵӴܡŷĶӺͽܣһһ͡һӣǾ˵˼㣬ͬһ磬ݿһ㽫ҹˡ
ϢǴȥ硣
̫ˡ˸̾
ҹĲǹŷĶ֣ŷĵӶܹҹ֮Ͳñԣ׹ŷΪʲôԼˡһ̾
ŷ磬˸˵һ仰
ҹָŭһͻȻųȥҹͨ죬Ƿһȫûǡ
üֱӳ֣޾Ըѹ£ҹսãҹٴα飬Ԫƣһ㱻ɱ
һû飬ҪҹԪɱ
ס֡
һĮǧ׷£һӴ죬ضŵǰ·
Žһǧ׷֣ǶԷÿһͷ⣬һӳֱӽźˡ
ʲô𾪣˭û뵽ʱȻɱһˣֱ̫ˣֱһнˡ
Ҫ֪ſܹҹܵŮȻڶԷһ֮ºˡ
ģ۸ӵŮ񡣡ڴʱһŭ
޾£ȫǸͷ档
ͬʱһµڹ˳ȥա
ǧ׷ը飬ѣǻٵ
ڹǿ£ֱӴһĨѪ⣬Ȼ˵˳ֵǸˡ
ܶӶɳˣֵˣߵˡǿƵľһֲǿߣȻֻˡ
Ǹƽ𣬵˭ܹг޾ŭȻ˺Լ쳣ŭ
վ˳ͷ׷أһŻʽ١һƵĻʵϢϣԵ÷ǳ
ȻǻߣĻߣǲܱ˻˵ģϾ޵УֻҪ߾磬Ҫ˺ߣǲܵġ
á˾
ãʹǣħһ𣬴ҹҪǿ̫ˣû뵽ȻҲˡһ˵ϳ˶Էݡ
֣ʱ˫ӳ죬Գ֣𡣡
񾪲ǻãֲôǿָѪڤţ˶ɫ
һȻ˵˶ԷһָֻǳһС˿ڡ
ǸɫĮżˣһ߸ϵĹŻʣ
ʵϣӵʸΪãʹǣǱǿ֮ͬоԵ޵УһЩĴڣǰҲֻиס
׳ա
ţЦһ
Ǽһǰ˵ҪɱѺ׽˵ˣɵӡڤҲЦ˵
üͷһ壬˵˼ҷǳǿ
˭ĮתɨˣĿⶨڹŷϡ
˶Ŀ˹ȥŷʱ򣬲˳Ծǰһʱ䣬ŷŪ̫Ķˣڹŷһ㶼İ
ǹŷ硣
ʿǶϳŷݡ
ԼıӣŷһĨЦݣһЦе˵ϷҪԼϳˡ
ҪһսЦ
ŷҡͷһۣľԼܲʵڳвܹѹ㣬ʹǣ㲻ʲô㸸ĸһ㣬ȴûбȱǿ٣ҪĻѾһƳԼˡ
ˣŷǲġ
ڳǿĿɿڴŷĻ̫˰ɣⲻ˵Էʹǣ˭Ȼ֣Ҳ벻Ķ֡
ҹΪɴ˿ɼʵжǿˡ
ս֪ˡ˵ŷĻʵ̫˱ˡʹһǸҲ̲ס
սŷȴҡͷ
˻һܶ˶Щ⡣ڶ뵽ŷ粻ҪߵΧɱɣĻӲȥ
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬¶ɫȻʵǿ󣬵ǲһɵӣȻ
Χʵ
ŷ粻мĿһۣȻţʵϵܣһϣҪΧ𣿡
ȻҪţǴЦ
ǾͶˣ˰ɣҲҪһսֻҪѵ㡣ŷ罫ĿⶢϣϵϢһ˲ˡ
˴󾪣ŷҲ̫˰ɣȻýѵ֣𾪣Ҳ̫˰ɡ


1355 Ű
ͫŹŷ磬ŭǡ
ɫɱ֮·һƬڳ˶֪ɱȻһȻȻᱻش
ֲŷЦһ˳ȥһȭ
ը϶ˣµϢƵǧ硣ɫֱӶ˹ȥӲ
䡣
ŷȥս죬һȭƽѪããɫĺһ㣬С
ֻظ֣춯أ渡֣ɱ⣬Ҫ˿ս硣˾һЩΪȽǳʿȫɳȥù˲һ㱻ನɱľӳԶ
󺧣ĸоֻܶܡ
֮յĶŷһεĹгĸоʱȻ˴ͬǱʱ
ϲġ
ŷЦĻ춼ղıʵ̫һˣԷ׷Ŵлӵ磬Ǳ
ȴͣΪŷֳˡ
¾޾ħʬ䣬ս˻𣬹ϵս涼·ߵĩգֻ޾ħɱս裬Կֻء
ܣһΣûôˣڱС
ըƺһǸˡ
쳣ʵǿ󣬵ڹŷǰȻ˿֮ûСһͬҹ뿪սΪҹܵһѵȴ֣ѵĲҹԼ
䡣
ŷ˷һֻ̤£ֱӽСɽ飬Ϣʧ
ŷҲ˻Ϣվһͨһ
һҪˡŷЩƵ˵
𾪣ļʶ˹ŷĿ¡ǰҹսŷ磬ֱһЦһڿŷ֣֪ŷ絽ж¡
ãǰȻû˿Ӧ֮һŲ£Ǳӣ֪һսᴫ磬˶֪ŷ硣
һԽԽ̬ˡڤ൱
˵֮ǰǺ͹ŷ绹ֻ࣬һ࣬ǴʱȴıŷԶԶ˦
ղҩˣǲҪ⣬ֻһ˵ŷ˵
ڤû˵ֻǱһָʾԹŷıӡ
ôˣŷʵ
ҵʱһ䣬Ҫսʦ𣬾͹ҪʦԷȴû뵽ʦȻεزˡͷ˵
ŷЦſһۣ˵ǲǾԼʵѾԽʦˣ
һ죬ûзϣֱӵͷȻȷʵġ
֪ʲôʦ˰ɣҪôױͽܳԽһôʦŷЦ˵
磬͵ɣֺͻһսȥţƲ죬ŷ罫ԼŮŪЩ˼ʱԸˡ
һȥŷһ߳棬ţǺ˳ȥֽ
޵У²õĽսˡһ쳣ᡣ˹һâһŮӣһɫĳȹ绪˾̾
ȻһŮģŷ綼û뵽
⻹ҵһǰ¶Լŵλˣ¡ŷǵĿһֱԼЩ˼쳣򶨵˵
ŷЦ˵ѲҪᣬԵѵòԳ֮Ϊɫ㣬ǣҵֻǿգһʱˣǵĵطѼ¡
¶һĨϲɫȵ˵ĺƯڴĶŹŷ磬ҪŷԼһĴ𰸡
ŷݺݵĵͷƯ
㻹ǵһ˵ƯأҼ޸ɡͻȻ˵Щﲻ˲ݡ
ŷһʹе飬ֻһ棬ԷʲôϸأŮˣȻġ
йŷֱҡͷ˵Цˣ£Ҫ˳ڳܹ˶Ϸ
ֻƴǣ뵽۾¶һĨЦ⣬˵Ȼ˵Ļһ⣬ҵҵĸĸʱ游ĸԳɻ顣
ŷһ£ͻȻЦ˵һ˵أԼʲôʱһزˣԭ󣬸ղŵѾͽһ飬˵ȥˣΪҪȥһϽġ
ŷĻ֪Լ뷨ԷʶˣŷҪȥϽĵʱ򣬹̲סɴ۾
ôɡȵ˵ɫЩС


1356 ٻϽ
ŷһ㶣˵ʲô˼
ҪȥĵطҲϽ磬֮֮С˵
ȻɣҪǹŷܹܵǰĹȻʵǿȴûʲôĻ»Ϊǹء
ףŮͶͱˡգգۣŷ˵
ˡ
һµԴϣԴһ˹ȥ
ûûСô򡣡ŷ˵ջ֡
ħһ͵ЦղʵҲ˵仰ģֻǱˡµĲ͵ЦҺԼûз
±ͷת򣬰βŷӦ죬Ҫ˵ɶŷвʱʱ͡
ŷĵͷûСӡ
лл佱ŮҲϲŷѵģġ˵ûһ㲻˼ɫʵܴ࣬Ҿûʲô˼ġ
εһЦе㲻˼Ͼе㲻˼Цˡ
ʦҪȥϽ簡ҲˡЩʧ˵
Ϊʲôŷһ㶡
ҪӴõгء˵¶һĨǳЦʥޱȡ
ŷͷȻ飬ȻܵԷҹŷûñ˸ԼһȥһжĻһ㡣
߲Թŷʵ֮Ҳûмܹвˡ
С£СħǺԯʦһ𣬿磬Ҫ죬ʲô飬ȥɽʦͬʱѶҡŷ翴ºħһۡ
ǡ
ɫ
ŷĵ˵ͷѣ߰ɡ
㻹ǺľɣֵġЦʱ崿ˮûиղָİͬһڼһ㡣
ŷЦЦһľ㡣
ҲҹŷˣֱӺһŷ磬ҵѶôҵġŷЦ˵
ľͷ¶һĨЦݡ
˸ǣҡͷ̾ϢҪһСˡ
䡣
ѿһֻ
ֱӱУŷдСٸҺ˵˵Ҿչأûʮ겻ܳ
ΰ£±һʮʱ䣬ʲôЦɲԼ˵ȤֱӱͣϹŷЦ
СӣܹùŷǼһϻģҲǵһˡԯݺЦ
һЦû˵ЦɲٵԼϵˣȻ󱻹ظʮĽա
ŷľˣ˺ϣֱӽϽ硣
ǵʵϽ磬ֻҪ̵ܶʱ͹ˡ뵽Լ꣬˺ö죬ŷͲɵЩꡣ
ʱд𶯣һս״˶֪ŷһȫǿޱȣ޻֮һһӣǺսҹǿޱȣҲ
ʵڳǿ߶ܹħǺҹһսͷҹʹ˹ʵҹѾˡ
죬ʦӿ¡ǿ󣬱ŷѵҪ֪ǻߺᣬʹǣӦΪǿһˣͬ޵С
ŷѾˣȻǿߣҲ벻ɵһʦҪɱ¾ǻ֣߳Ҳδܹ
뵽ء
֮ӢܱٳһѵҪֵݵĻԻ͡
ӿ𺳵ͬʱкܶ˶ˣҪŻɱŷ磬ɱҡС
ң˶ηߣҲеĹŽ磬лʣͬʱǸ¼ֻЩ޵еĻʲ֪һ˺εȾʱУֻоݶ֮ȴûκֿܹһµʱԼţֻоݶ𣬼Ի͡
ǲԸ⿴ٶֻҪ˽ܣǾͻѹ
ŷı̫ˣǱ춯ءȻЩ߲֣ܳΪĴ߷ǿ˭ǳֶԸŷ磬ɱ֮
Ĵߣǧ磬ûӣȻͬΪҲһ
ǲԼĵӣһЩܳ콾ҪѰҹŷ磬ɱһսΪǿһˣˡ
ŷϽУ˽һУϢ֮󣬹ŷƽľɫȴЩء
ľ㣬㲻õģҪңǻ߳֡ŷŵ˵
ɴ⣬֮УǿһûԻ䣬Ҳδؾͱˡľҡͷ
ԼսֻҪΪʣҪѹңҲܹҪɱңûܹΧһܡŷ絭˵˵š


1357 Ϣ
ľͷͬŷĻҲ֪Լе̫ˣһУѾܹɱŷˡʹǿĴڣҲܹŷѹƣҪɱȴܡ
ֻΧ߻֣߳ɱŷ硣
Թŷ޾壬޼ɵǷʵ
ǹɫ糣
ŷ粢żҪģҪȥһЩˡ
ԯ죬ҪŮˣһδ֣ùŷЩǣ֪ʲô顣
֮⣬ŷ罵٣˵Լݣʱŵĵӵɴ۾
һϹŴ񣬴ʱȻڿŻɴ˿ɼǿҪ֪ɲһ֮ϹŴкһСжѡ
ڱءӼ˹ŷ磬˹ŷһϢ
ŷһ㶣û뵽ԼľȻ˲ɣԯ쾹ȻڱأҪ֪غһıչزһͻƣԲмǲܾģԹŷھҪԯضˡ
Ҫʲôŷʵ
ԯٶȣһȺģһֱһɲĸоȴҪأѵʲô鷳ˡ
ǣԼ̫ˣҪһ嵽ųأٶȣ»Ҫһٶɡ˵ɫЩ⡣
ȽƽĻ֮һ㱻ԼĿˮǺһ죬ѵ֮ǰѾ۷
ʳԼɻľ㶢ԯΪ
Űʮǰ磬ҲǸʱʼչصģǸʱһ졣˵
ľˡ
ٶʱ䣬Ҫһ죬죬ôһָоǰͷ˵󻰡
ǿľ˼Ц˵˵󻰣ıǱ޴󣬿½ʶ߾磬Ҳδһ¡
ǱһǿءŷЦ˵
ԯ죬źܴĵġ
ȹŷǱǿľӲһɳˣССȻһЩš
ŷ羹ȻѾ˵ˣʹи֣Ҳ˵ԯ벻ȹŷٲ١
һŮˣǹŷŮˣһ𣬽ķ꣬ûܹõ
ľԿ϶ŷԯΪгɣʱ涼Ϊˡ
λ￴һʵǿ֪ĳƺľ㣬ʱŸоľĲ
ȻѾϹŴˣľߣȴһִĸоʵ̫ԭ
֪ԼˣŮˣӦһֲܿĴڡ
ľѣ˺ŷΪܵ
һڿˮǺסףΪʲôԷôصѹ˵еĹΪǿһɱ۷ĴڣȻֲһϹŴ죬ȻƲǺ͹ȣͲ̫Զˣûʲôɱԡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ̲סҡҡͷŷŮԵҲʵ̫һɡԯ֮Ůָһľ㣬Щʵĸоˡ
ˣ뿪֮ĶˡͻȻһ뵽һ顣
˻һŷоһһץסʵС
ŷܽţĶӣ˵Ź죬ȫܵģЩһһ飬ŷûʱȥѰҹ졣
˵СϢȻ
챻֮ء˵
֮أһһ飬ָ֮أùŷ羪ȡ
һţȥ֮һˡ
ŷе㿹ָоȴ֪Լûа취ܣ˵ģ˺͹ŷҪȥһˡ
׼ȥ֮ءŷ˵
ɫһµ˹ŷһ˼ľҲ¶ȵɫ
ѵһжǰţùŷѽ֮Уôֱۣ˭ܹͨǵ˼ΪľҲԼߵˣ˲һЩ飬¶һŵɫ
ŷҡͷ֪Ƕйϵܿҵʼ档
ʼ棿ľ㾪ȡ
սǰĵӣָܹʹǰһЩֻˣʵҲһֱڲ²⣬ңǰһЩ飬пҵһЩ飬ǰźõģһʼ棬治֪ˣһֱˡŷЦ
ΪһǿߣޱȷбԼˣȻǸԼҲһԹŷһ㲻ζڳҲܹ⡣


1358 յ
ˣҪİŶûأСӻԹ˹ŷһۣû˵
ԳƺŷΪСӣΪǹŷĳ
ٺһЦŷ˦ԼЩˬ۾˵ҽ߾磬һҪʼһ١
󲻾ɵۡ
УΪϲҲ˼Ѿǻˣһٲµġŷ˵һ·ˣԼһϹŴһĴڣ˵ѵսŷһָͷܲܵסһδ֪
Цã͹ŷˣЩ˵ͨģ̫ˣЩ׵ĶͲ⡣
ðɣ֧㡣ҲЦ˵
ŷһۣһ۾Ϳ˼ЦԼʼսĶ֡
սΪʲôôֲˡ˹ŷһۣľ̾
Ϊʲôŷʵ
޽ɣܹ޵Сľ˵
ŷЦЦû˵ʿ֮УľǷǳҪģ뿪ޣȻҲǲеġ
Դӳڣŷ羭˶ٴսܹѹҲãǱ׷ɱʵѪǻġȻԹŷ죬ҲҪ߼ܳɹ·ûи
ǿľĻŷ粻֪Ѿ˶ٴˡ
ˣϻ˵ˣչ˺ϱ뿪ˡŷ˵׼뿪
ȴסŷ磬Ȼ˵ڻߣ˼˵
˭ŷкһ
һϺˣȻԼȥɱˣǱɱˣǸˡԹŷԥֱӴӦ
յڣڡ˵ط
յںڹŷ綼δ˵ںҲʵ̫һɡ
һϵûУԷĵĶ֣֣֮ɱǼɣȫΪ̫ˣʱ֣Ҫɱ죬ɽ׷·µţ֣¹Ѿˡ˵
ŷû˵ֻϵɱһӳ
⻹㣬Ȼˣȴɵʼ湲ͬ׷ɱ֣ŵסߣҲش˺ܳʱ䣬á˵
ŷеɱѾȫˣЦ˵Ǻˡ
ΪǶϽɣϽ磬ֻγͬˣԲܳɱǣֻԳˡ
İɣһˡŷĮ˵
ľһۣŷ˵ȥ£ҡ
һȥɡľ㵭˵
ں޲ùŷиҪȥ죬ʱͿ԰ŷæˣǸʱŷæҲӵľġ
á
ŷͷ뿪ɷ񣬶ҪùˡֻҪûл˭ܹסŷľ˵Ĺɱ
һϵľյһƬĺɽȴһľĸоյϳԹŷڵʵҵﲢһ¡
ʵϣյĴڣϽеΪϵ͵ʿ˵һܣǶ֮ϵǿ˵һܣױܹҵ
ŵĹһɽ֮ϣǿʮԪ
ɱ죬ڹŷǵǰһǿߵͷǶѳɵĸɽЩǿߵͷ˸Ȼǰ쳣ǿĴڣɱͷǷΪյҫʱ
öġľüδϽ磬û˵յͷ⻹ǵһΣǼһĻȴ̲סüͷ
һĻյͲһöľһ塣
ģҷǳɶ񣬽ǽЩεɡŷЦ˵

ľͷյӡǻ͸ˣڳ֣ȻһԥûС
ʲôˣյĵӳ֣Ƿ˹ŷˣʱ̲סǳ
ŷ絯ָը飬Ƕ߾ǿߣڹŷǰȴ˿֮ûС
ˡľЦ˵
ŷͷûд⣬ľСģȻһȥ
Ķʱյڵ˾ˣһǿ߳˳ǻԹƣɱ졣
ȻɱյӣǺˣһ˺ǳϹŴǿߣǿ̬ϣŹŷ磬̬һɭȻɱ⡣
Ӧңǹŷ硣ŷ˵Լ֣ʱǸϹŴԾ¶һĨηɫ
ȻϽ磬Ҳ֪ŷͷսĿǿߣ۷Ķ֣յϹŴȻԼǹŷĶ֡


1359 յ
ŷֵʱһʱľߡ
յǿ߶ηŷ磬һϹŴʿ˳Źŷ磬Ц˵˶˵ȴţ쿴ɱ㡣
ŷЩɵۣԷڿһɵһ
ϹŴҪɱԼһΪԼҪȻŷϲ˵ҲףԼУܹʵˣʵǲ࣬ǧŶҵһ
ǰˣϢĿȻϹŴжԵߣ֮ͬУսκϹŴ񾳽ʿοŷ
ƾʲôɱңŷʵ
ΪϹŴһ죬Ƕ죬㾳ҵͣȻҵĶ֡Ǹʿ˵Ȼûע⵽˿ڿһɵˡ
ȫˣܹ߾ѹƵ;ĻŷҲͲñˣν콾ûжˡ
׳ա
ŷ̲סһ䡣
ңһã
Ļû˵Ϊŷ絯ָţƺϹŴֱӱ飬
һĻڳյʿˣô˵ղŵǼһôһϹŴ񣬾׵ı˻ɱˣ𺳣ʶŷĿ֮
ȥ档ǸϹŴʿ
ȥȻȥνȥˡ
ŷ֪յ֮ûлʣΪŷ˵еҪֻɱŷ磬һֻѹյлʵĻùŷ˳
Ҳǹŷԭ֮һԣҪյڱʵֵʱ
ɱ
ŷһɱȥ֣һʻţѪȾķɣԵ쳣ޡ
յʿ֣Ҫɱŷ磬ǸֽǶȳ֣Ƕŷ絲ס˲
Ǻ͹ŷ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣͲǹŷĶ֡
ǸϹŴʿ۾ˣɱ֮뻯ͣŷ緢ŷҲ˺üΣȻֻǽɱûɱ˶Է
ùŷЩȣЩŵ콾ˣǽ磬һµĴɱ
뵽ŷɱĸӼᶨˣҪյһ
һɣеڣУֻлûκκô
ȥûšľͻȻֹһ䣬ȻһƬҶɳȥֱӶһա
ǸϹŴǿߵüһѪȻѾĲˡ
ŷľһĴָʾ͡
ľһЦ쳣ˡڹŷͣǳá
˳֣ǿ߶ɱûһܹӳȥֻҪһ¶ͷͱȻҪ
һƬѪɫʬǱءɱߣϽ磬ȴɱνһַ̡
䡣
ŷͻȻ֣ǰнȫɨ
ӰҪӵĵطе˶ȥûһյĵӻ
׷ŷ翴һֱۣ׷ȥ
ľͷͻȻӣȻڹŷ׷ɱȥ
յǶһۣһС
ҳɡŷ翪ڣһȭֻظ֣ɱ⣬ʮǱ˳
ͬʱľ֣ǧ֦˳ȥһϣȻһȣǸֱˡ
Ǿ˵һĻһ棬㱻ɱһʣµ˶ľ
յ棬£Ǵδ뵽ϾȻ˿µˡ
һˣŭһηŴϴƣ´ڤһָֻ˸УҪѹ
ЦҲ˲䳤գƣ֦ȥֱӽǸ˺顣
ֵǸҽһˣһЯ˺ƣֱӽ롣
Ҫߣһϣһ仰û˵ֱը顣
վһ˳ȥ
ŷУ˫ֽӡһУȻһ쵶ֱ֮䡣
ոӵȻҪ쵶
һĨѪɫѪȾ񷣬룬Ԫ˲䱻飬
˲䣬յ˲֪ԶͱĨƽˡǴȥ֪ж˻˺Ȼˡ
ȥšŷ˵
ľͷ뿪
뿪󲻾ãǿ߽յ̲֮סŴͣ¶ŵɫ
찡յˡϢٴȥϽ綼ˡ


1360 
յһޱȾԶûˣ˸˶ӳ𺳡
Ҫ֪յڵɣǵʵǿʲôزҶУ֪жǿ͸ҪյǶʧˡ
м£ֻҪһ˿磬ʢȻһЩ֮ٶյɱ£Ȼǿ߶֮ɫ䣬ɼǵơ
˵ֵֻĹŷٻϽ磬һѣյ˵
ԶԶˣһ˺ʹеĹŷһֻˡ
ϽעһƬȷѪ꣬һǿ˫Ѿ򣬶Ļͺܶһˡ
˶ڲ²⣬۷׷ס
ŷĻǶ𾪣˭û뵽ֵ˾Ȼŷ粻ɵˡʵǿ˼㣬Ժ졣
Щ콾ɫӡ
ŷϽʱ֮仹಻ԶǴʱԷȴ߸ˣԸǣʧ䣬е㲻ܽʵ
ŷ֣ΪյľԹйŷĶӣϽУܵյ׷ɱڹŷġ˲²⡣
ǿ±Ҳδк³׷ɱˣɲֹյһֻ
ŷ֣ն칷һǿߣϽ磬ˡϽһ½ĳǳУиǿ߳
ŷ磬ɱǿߣҲýܳͷˡǿҲգգޱȡ
ʮǿߣеٮٮߣȻĻҲᱻϽСǳŷҪΣˡ
ڣŷ٣˳ֱ֣ӸڣֻһȻŵסһˡ
һվڣֻһ֮ɣģŷǽٵʱ˶ʱΧ
֪ǻŷΪյھͺȻҪ֮Сһ׷ڣ¡¡ء
ҹŷкγԹŷޱ飬ʶԷ
ûС
׷Ц˵ĻùŷЩ⣬ȻûгԹΪλԼĶӳ֣
ҵȲǿǵǿƣԲų֣ѪĻΪԼǵĻ𣿡׷Цɫм
˺ǿƣ貣ƣ졣ߵҲ١
ʵϣڵȫǺպĴңԶĹȥݺ£Ƹ硣
޵ǿƵʵǿϽжǳǿƣκɶ塣
ʹǻ壬ҲǶһȺϲܹǵġŷ絭˵ŭ˵Ǻܿ
׷ߵֱΪ෢Ƿڲͬ塣ŷĻ̲סЦ
ЦĺɵһΪЦĺܺ𣿡ŷƤӶ̧
ľ̲ס͵Цŷʵ̫ˡ
ڳ෢˵ɫѾݺ죬޾гʲôʱ䣬˵һ裬ŭŷֱҪһ

෢˵ͨ죬оȻ⣬ŷ缤˹ȥ
̫ħ𡣡
ľ㾪ȵĺһ
ŷɫƽֱһƳ˳ȥ
ǵ̫ħ𱻹ŷһֱӳˣڳӶɳˡЩŵĶŹŷ磬ֱڿһ
̫ħȻסֻôͨѹƣȻǹŷһƽ̫ħˣǴûм
෢һ˼ɫȻ
ȻѾˣǾͽһаɡŷ罫ĿԷʱ෢һ
ŷղֱ̫ħ𣬸ɵʵ̫ˣó෢һûС
෢ųӣŷЩЦãһҲһǿҲ̫һЩɡ
ʵϣ෢Ϊͣ죬̫ħķǳǿƣһ۷嶼һս
ŷ֣һָֻǶ£ֻţޱȡ
䡣
෢ȻһϽһ߶ȥֿµԼͽӲסҪˡ
һҪ֣෢
ľ㻯֦ȥסͬʱˡ
Ȼĺһ
綼дд˵ܻɱһ۷ַǳǿƵ۷һս˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ͹ŷһ
ۡ
෢ڶ㲻ޱҪסŷĹվ˲٣ը飬˳ȥ


1361 ڸ
ʲô׷һͻȻ֣׷ǧɣһ룬ŷ˹ȥ
Ȼ֪ͬࡣˣ˰׷
֮ͬ࣬ǺѼģֲ޳ͨﵽ磬ʵ̫ˣȻ츳ҲҪǧա
ȻɵǿߣǳսԶͬסڹеٮٮߡ
ѩһ壬ԩ޳òҪΪŰ׷ڣΪѩֲУΪһ塣
츳ڹȻľеٮٮȣǿ϶Ȳġ
ŷǺѣԵ㣬û¡ľ㵭˵֦ɨ˳ȥ׷ĸ뵲˻ȥ߼սһһѩһȫ֮ƣϼҵĴս
ò˵ѩǳǿƣܹ͹棬֤Ĳ
ɡŷ罫Ŀⶢס˳෢¶һĨЦ
һۣԷеŭɫ
ɱ
һɱ˹˫ӡһƾճ֣һŷȥ
㡣ŷ΢΢Щ⡣
ǹžһ壬嶼˿ɱɱ㡣޴ľ㿪ڣŷȥ
׳աŷ絭˵
Хһ˺Ȼ񣬻һɸߵԳ
ˮԳʥ֧Ρ
ˮУȻ壬ҲĶ֡һ޵еˮ֣ʱŷʮ仯֧žƵġ
һХر飬죬󷭹ȻǹžƲסڷֱӱƷˣ޾ˮžȥžҽУǶϽۣûжãž飬ԪҪߡ
һŷЦһָֻǶ£ֱӽžԪ棬Ȼһ
һʹ䣬෢һĻתܣߵ𣿡ŷЦӵ¼٣
ۡ
һ죬෢ɱѪȾء
ڵʿһɴ۾ǵʦȻɱˣ޵е޵еģֻ޾ľ֡

ŷЦĿͶЩڵĴˣüķ⣬罣նڴӴʧ֮䡣
׷ѩΣ˫Ѫ죬Źŷ磬ŭǸûг֣ȴɱǣҺƴˡ
ŷɫĮЦûгֲȴۣҪǸǿߣ˭˺ҹŷˣұɱȫڡ
һǿԣܶӦǿԶŷĻ֮ǺһͣȻôԶҲܹܵŷɢĿµɱ⣬ȻŷŭˣԲŻ˵Ļ
û˻ỳɹŷ᲻飬Ǵյڵĸ𣬾ܹŷԻ˵
ΨһڣҲҪ֪ϽҲǼǿƵĴڣưһҪʢ¡һ㡣
һɣȴֻʣ°׷һˣҿڵʽҲӲ
úá
ŷЦٻ罣˸Ũ֮ɢԷն˹ȥ
䡣
һ죬׷Ժˣüĳһۣͷ­ˣվûʲô飬ֻˣԪ
ŷ֣罣춯أ·Ͻ綼ֳ룬
׷ѩһ֦𣬶գŷ罣ײһ֦ͣķ飬վŷĹסˡ
׷ӣҲ벻ܣѿһۼѪ䣬Ե÷ǳ¡
ŷЦٴγ֣ݺᣬҪ׷ɱ
£׷ʵ֮ľ㶼٣ŷɲһǿѡ
׷վɱһſľУʧȥ
αءŷҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ǳ˿ˣ϶˵è޺Ӽٴȱ˹ŷһۣľЦ˵
ŷЦҡͷҲںЩ˵ʲôֻǾãǲ£ͲֻǿҾݺᣬҪ֣Ϊһʱŵֵ𣿡
֪Ҳû뵽㾹Ȼôľ˵ԼĿ
ŷһ㶣ȻͷһǿƣԺһҪ˶ңҲһЩɱ¾ˡ
߼ǵۣľȴܹ⣬Ⲣìܡ
ħ˭˵塣
ɱΪɱˣľоԼԴеۣҪĸо


1362 л
ŷȴԶһۣһգӦŷ֮󣬶Էֱתߣһ㶼ûС
칷һǿҲһǿŷֶΣľתܡ
˻ҹŷ鷳ģڿǼֱڸЦŷһ˾ܹȫοԱ߻һǿĹ
һˣܹս
ֱˣͲӲ
ɵۣȻע⵽Ⱥǿڵĸ˹Ҫɱŷ磬˭Ҳû뵽Ȼһսûв룬Ķӡ
˵ֱǲ˼飬ǶԼĽλĶӡ
龰ȴķǰǶ֪˵Щʲôˡֻܰ̾ŷĿ£ǽǿƵˡ
ˣ߰ɡŷľ˵
ľͷһͬ뿪
һսϽ磬η壬Ц뷨һȻŷɱ˰׷ǣ칷һǿߣȴãŷܹԼ
һЩ˲аЩУҲȷʵһЩǿߡ
ŷʧĵڶ죬һȺǿϽ磬̻ޱȣ˺죬Ѱҹŷ䡣
ǿƵҪһ
һ쳣µ꣬ɫߵݣǼһµĻʡ
ѪܵԷϢȻ͹ŷһۣѪΪߣϹŴ죬ʵǿ
ŷѾ뿪Ҳ֪Ҫҡǲη壬Ȼ㹻ĵ
ΪڵŹŷһӣбչأҡɫȻС
ܡɫȻܾЩŭ̫ˣʲôܹɱ
ǲͬ⣬ҲЧǸŷ磬յǣҲ߰ޱȣĿڣʮ
еǿ߾ŭŭŻҪһû˸Ҷ֪ԼǻĶ֡
ɫ䣬Цˡ
֪Ϊʲôǧ𣿡һòƲص顣
ɨһۣû˵ʱһޱȵӰ˳һſ˵Ҵ˵ˣ̫ˣҽԴɨȥ
ǰ֡ɫ֣ء
Լҽ߳ȥ˵ĻڻĶУȴǾһ㣬΢˺ü
¶Ȼɫŵߣ⾹ȻһڻʵǿߣʵȫѹͲǶ֡
ߵĻ˵һ磬ӣĴһڻǿߵĴ磬ʲôΪǳ鶯һ£תߣһ仰˵
ֲޱȣплʣɵӣȻҰĶӡ
úܶ౾ҪŵĿɿڴǶһۣԷеĺȻȻû뵽ǿƵĻȻԱˡ
плʣϢȥˣɫηֱߣһͷ
ѰҹŷʱһϢŷģԿˡ
ʱһȺǿȫġ
ҵ˴ϢˣһߣһʵͽũЦеȴѯʡ
Ļش𣬲޳ģ˭ҪҪŷĵģͱһĵر
Ȼǿ߲⣬һ֣Ҫ³ŷ䡣
ȴʧˣһֻ£ȴʧȻһƨϣ߷˳ȥ
˦һʺʱŭǱŭڣҪ
ߵٶȸ죬³һڿˮһƺߣǰһѪڱɫףԼˣǰϼһһµĸ֣ʵ֮ϡ
ûܹľ磬ǿı֮ǶĿɿڴû˸Ҷˡ
ǿƣ֮жٮٮߣ쳣ȴһڿˮǣ뻹أ߾һϸ֡
Ҫǹŷţһܹ߲Ǳˣţǵүүϼһ˵ԼѾˣֻʣһֻǿΣϼһ˵ѣͻĺúõġ
գ˶õϢҲһߡ
ǺݺݲƽȴҷΪʵ̫ǿǸͲǶֻ֣ܽתƵŷϣԼҵŷһҪúõĥ


1363 
ΪôĶ֣ϣܹסţϹЦĵ⣬Ȼһʧ
ŷ粻֪ţΪԼôָԼ
֮أеȫһһ㶼ģŷȴʶˡǲ߳Զܵ˼οµĹ
ȫޣһײޱȣֻбܣʵǿŷǳ֣вǿߡ
Ȼŷ͹ɱЩޣҲ˺ܴĹ
߳Զôôµޣŷü⡣
֪ţĵĻޱȣ޺Уȫֻбܣ쳣ǿҪʵ̫ˣȻǿ߶Σաľ˵
ŷصͷĿⶢľϣſ˵˵ɣ֮Уʲô飿
һֱڣľ㶼δ߹ŷҪĵĿģǹŷ粻ȥˣϾѾģһΪ֪ľĿģһЩͲˡ
ˡ
ľ˵ɫЩȻ
ŷ⣬ȻԼһҪˡ
˭ŷ̲סʵ
ҵĸףΪɵʱ򣬽֮أ˵ҪѰ컯һȥأҺĸױΪ֮ˣǲǰȴиָ㣬ҸδһطȥӪȡľ͵
ҵңŷЩȡ
Ǹ˵ƾһ˵ʵǲܽ׾ȳģҪһǿ߸棬Ǹʵ֮ϡľЩ˼˵
ȥĸסŷ˵
ľɴ۾ЩŵŹŷ硣û뵽ŷ羹ȻҪԼ飬Ϊŷ֮󣬲ŻȥԼæءľһ㶼żȴû뵽ŷ˵һ
Ϊʲôľ̲סʵ
ȫûĿĵģֻҪһ׼ȷĵطǿȥˣȥ˵УҲҪҵˣҪȵ˶һءŷЦ˵
ⲻûпܣããģҪһʵ̫ˡԹŷ粻żֻҡ
л
ʹŷ˵ľ㻹һж
ҸڵɽΣգǸ򡣡ľָָһ
ŷͷƤЩ飬ֻҪʺ͵ϹϵĵطԲ򵥣Σա
뵽ŷ̲סʵǸɽĸ˵˭
֪ľҡͷ˵ɫҲЩ㯣¶ɫǸ˿òȴǿһֱֻ㽫ѹͲĶ֡
һֻѹľ㣬ȻǽڻʵǿҲɡŷЦ֪һ
϶˭ƺõģԼɽһˡ
ЩŭԺ֪࣬ԼʼڲͣİˣŷԲսһһ˵
ȻһֻԺ롣
ʲôľ˹ŷһ£֪Щʲô
Լ뷨ŷЦ˵ΪʲôôƯ
ľɫһ죬ȻǳŷʵΪʲôôƯ
ŷֻǵϷŮһ仰ȴû뵽ԼȴŮסˡͷŷ纹յʰɡ
ԭʵҾҲͦƯأҲʰɡľ¶һĨЦݡ
ǣǾǷ绪ŷ֪ܵԿ
ľȴĵͷĲŷòйŷʵ˵Լ绪ûʲôԡ
ľ˴ӣȻŷٲҪʱҲ˼ԿˡһЦָԶķ򣬵߰ɣȾ㸸
ľ¶һĨ˵ɫڿնǸ˹ȥ
޶಻ʤǿޱȣнڻʵǿߣס˹ŷǣֱ׷ɱǧò׹ŷǲѡ
Ҵΰ£ط֮صȺӵôĵطΪʲôȥϽˣ˴ġŷ˵
Ҳ֪л߾޲ҲײУ֮ص壬ôˡľ˼
УҪСһ㣬֮壬֮Уǳһʣǲأǻȴûɨƽ֮صǿޣ϶ΪеУлߵĵ֡ŷױ뵽ЩҵóһۣëȻ
еĻߣҪ˰ɡ
֮أ治һõط˶һۣԷеء
ľ㸸ױĵطһξ룬СǱУǸطϹȥ
䡣
һɽ붯ˣǾ˹һͷߣǴĳ棬֪ʮɣǴɽһʱͻȻŷǶһ


1364 
ŷֱ֣ӽͷ˺ѡ
Ѫ䣬ͷ߲Ҳ磬ҽһͻȻӴСһΡ
ŷٴҪ֣ɱԷ
ˡͷ߻ͻȻڡ
ף㲻ޣŷЩȡ
ľҲЩ⣬ǽô죬ǵһǵ
СĲޣǳѪһĳԱСĽӡ
ȻԵĺ֣ôһͷô𣿡ŷЩ
Σڵϣû˵
Ϊʲô͵ϮǣŷʵȻΪԷ˵˶Է
ŷ粻ʲôʥˣֻҪԼеˣŷԷϾһ˵磬ǿΪǲĺĴߵ
Ҷˡ˵
ɺܱ뺷
ӾǸԣҳҲŷЦ̺ľһǸҼˣֻһ³ǾǱ
ӦŷеǿϢ¶ȻɫΪԷֻϹŴ񣬵֪Լףǹŷ绹ľ㣬еϢȫܹġ
ȺҪǴһϢŷ翴˳һۣȻ˵
òһǵģŷȻŹҪǵϢ
ҵȺûˡɫЩ
ŷһ㶣Ȼû뵽ӻ˵Ļ
üͷһ壬ŷüѿһСֱ߳û˳ӵļ䡣
ӻһȴûκζû˵ѣԸͲġ
ãŷԪ˳صüġ̾Ϣһ˵Ȼû˵ٻ
Ѫ֮߱вСһ壬ȴΪһ壬ˡŷ˵
ҽһᱨ𡣡ŭ
Ҫ𣬱Ҫӵʵʵŷҡͷһǳӵӡ
ɫǺ죬ȴȻ̾һ
ξ޴ʵΪŲϹŴ죬֮أΪǿ
ȻϹŴ񶼲£һЩ콾ɾ͵ϹŴ񣬻ǼΪµġ
壬ҺҲгԹҰɡŷ絭˵
˻һӻһ¶ŵɫ
ܹоŷʵǿȻΪֻϹŴģʵǸΣһ콾ȻԸԼ׷棬ϲ˼㡣
ֻи콾иĿܡ
Ӽˡͷݡ
ŷ罫Ц˵Ҳˣƺһɡ
ʲôӵɴ۾ȫͬ˼
û˭ܹ˵ˣƽȣֻʵǿһˣ̫⡣ŷ˵
ΪԽŷԽԽܹоƽȣƽȵĻһƽȵ硣
ڣ𣬿˵ǲˣŷΪҽҪΪβ
һǾȴбҪһ磬ֻҪûƽȵ磬ҪģҲܹĽޣκεģҸֵȥ
Ӳȴ֪Լһˡģϸĵȼƶȣ˵ƽȣǶţ١
ƽȣ˵ףҪʵ̫ˡľ˵۾ģû뵽ŷ羹ȻһĿġ
еʱ䣬鲻һܹġŷЦ˵
ֶһͣҲҪʵ֧šֹǻ𣬹ŷҪĳ׳ѡ
ϾȻҲϾǻʣֻܹסԼǲˣҪסֻأ׻ٵֻ飬ǲܵġ
ҿ㡣ľǳЦ˵
Ҳô硣վͷЦš
ΣʮСֺģЦݣԵ÷ǳɰ̲סҪѡ
֮ԹŷûΪѳӣһΪСܣΪһòӺɫ֮䣬Щƣ˹ŷĻ䣬ŷе˼Լֵˡ
ˣ߰ɡŷ˵
磬ҪȥӺʵ
ŷһЦ˵ɽ
ֱͨһƨ˵ϣɽҪ
ŷ̲סЦһҲ̫ˡľ㶼̲סЦ˳һ·ɰСӣӦٲȤ
ܲܲȥʵ
벻뱨𣿡ŷʵ
ش롣
ŷתߣӿЦãﲻ׹ŷ˼͹ŷȥɽСܣΪŷСܣǱҪĻȥͲˣڱ붼ˡ
ߡ
һҧֱӸȥ


1365 ɽ
ȻѾһЩ׼ǵŷɽʱ򣬻ǳһɫɽǱѪȾһѪɿݺ󷢺ڣɢµϢľ
ǵɽŷнһҪ龰
Ŀ⼴ͻƵɽ磬ɽеʱһɹϢ˳Ŀ˳ֱŷ۾˹ȥ
ŷһһֻĳǵϢ飬ǹŷҲ̲ס˺ü
ô졣ŷ羪ȵ˵
ǿһ㷢⡣ɽʵǿףЩľĸо
ɽ˹죬кܶǿ߽ɽҪѰһԵȫûг˵л߳طҲܵ裬Ǹߺ˳˵߹ŷЩ˵
ŷĳԾˣ߶˳ԼеСط
Уʮأɽ֮һӸ߹ŷϢ
ҪǻǲҪȥˡľԥһ£˵һ仰
ŷЩ⣬ľһۣĿľϵΪѣŷ絭˵㲻ΪѣɽȻΣգֻҪСһ㣬벻ᷢʲôΣգȻѾˣͿ϶Ҫҵĸס
°ҲݽȥҸĸǿߣûгοǡľЦ
ľĻŷȴҡͷİɣЩϼһȻǧټҽط벻Σգĥǿ϶еġ
ô֪Щ˲Ҫ㣬Ȼɱ㣿ľ㷴ʡ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣ûһ㡣ȻܹôԶǿߣ̫飬ϾҪɱֱӳ־ˣվҲһֿܡ
޷ǽȥɡ˼һ£ŷ绹˵
ΪܵΣվͺˣⲻǹŷķ񡣶ȻӦľ㣬Ϳ϶ҪڵɽǰŷǲȥĻǲǹŷΪء
ϴҿԲȥ𣿡ӿ˵
˵أŷʵ
ջһ׳˵ˣͬˡ
ˣСӻɣҪǸһȥˣǵĺȡŷЦ˵
ֻǶģûдóһȥϾɽ˵ģ߶ˣοǡ
ŷľȻսͻȣͲĲ֪жԶˡ
𡣡
һͷͻնϵ¶š
ͻ뿪֮һ޴Ӱڿն𣬳һͷǿޱȣó̲סһ£ΪҲĴڡ
磬㻹Ǵȥɡӿɥһﰧ̾ѡڵɽ棬ʵ̫ˣȥĻûйŷǵıɡ
Ըģҿûб㡣ŷ绵Ц
ƣŷûбûǽǲȥˡ
ȥ֮Сģ²Ϊ̳ľ˵ҪȳԼĸףǸŷΣա
İɣ˿ǷǳģȻȥһ㿴Ǻ𣿡ŷЦ˵
ӲޣֹҿǺġ
ôСҲŷˣŷ绵һЦǺðɣͷ
磬ҴˡӲҽС
ŷľ˹ЦȻóӴͷ
΢΢һŷ߳һһģһˣһ塣
ǿսľ㾪ȡ
ŷķսǿı壬Ǹղżŷ绯Ϳŷķͱʲô
һ壬Ȼ˲ͨľ̾
ˣ󲿷ֶ֪ŷӵͨǵͨѰֻһҲ㹻ˡ
ΪڶһԼս˺ֹһ
ַóòˡ
뵽ŷٵյɱڣδķľ㿴ŷٴζһ𺳣һʵ֪˶١
ľԿ϶ĹŷʵԲʵ
ߡ
ŷ˵ͷǰȥ
Ӻľڹŷ󣬹ŷֱ̤˵ɽС
ǸһܵϮһɫĹⶴӵһѪŷüֱӳ֣һסӵǸȻС
ʲôŷ羪ȡ
Ϊʲôȴû뵽ɫĹֻһŹ⣬ŷƿУû
ʲôŷ羪ȡ
ɫϢɱ⣬˵ֻ֮ϵǿ䣬ܹγһţûʲôΣ֮£ԵסӾ


1366 
ŷͷľȻǾʵȴܹѹ۷ֶ˵ûκá
ŷӿһŹĥһӵӶɳˡҪ֪ǿĸǿ֮󣬻ɵһŹ⣬ȻҪĥ𣬶Ǻס
֪۷ڹŷУܹɱһŹȻҲܵסŷġ
Ǽǰߡŷ翴һۣ΢΢ԥһ£ӻԼߡ
ϴ̫мˣҶĳͬν
ұ졣ŷһۣӵĻֱҭ˶档
Щƣ˵ϲƨôԼϵĴ磬һ㶼ϲƨ
ŷķǰɫɽϣѪζŷһһСӳ֣ﵽסǾȵǣ㶼Ǻɫ
ʲôϴڣѪȾô
ŷǶһۣԷеء
ǰȥݹǱ鲼ݺύɢڵϣҲõʬȻѾȻɢſµϣȻЩǰǿߡ
Ӷһʬ壬Щȵغ
ʲôˣŷʵ
ЩţΧһۣ˵һλΪ죬޶֡
ŷ𾪣һǿƵˣȻҿӣû߳Զľһۣ˶Էɫеء
ԣ·ûˡתͻȻһ
ŷľȻתŷ֣ղ߹ĵطһƬ磬еĺ·ʧˡ
ܴܲ򿪡ŷüͷȻһȭ˳ȥ
µǰҡһ£û˶ŷһȭ˺ϣǴʱȻһƬ硣
ľҲ֣͹ŷһۣͻ
ֻǰˡŷüͷĹеϡ
ֻǰܺˣֲôʬǣ޷ˣҲ˵һ·ϣΣա
뵽ŷķһһȭҳǰһŹϷεӰ˹һѴ󽣣ŷķײһ
Ǹ˺㳤ú񡣡ľͻȻɫһ
һģһϢһֻҴøղŵִ󽣣ҡŷ˵
ͬҲвͬһĵط
ɽгаЩҲǱаɱģҪעˡľɫء

ͻȻһĲԶһ˳֣һģһʱɫɱ˹
ŷֱ֣ӺǸٳӡ
ǳϵ鷢ŷ罫ٳӻɱʱĳҲһѪɫЩס
ôˣŷľ𾪡
ԣղŴɱǸٵҵʱҸожȥһԲ˵ġ˵ɫЩ԰ס
ŷץס֣һ̣üͷȻ󵹳һ˵һ㱾Դ
ôܣľ㾪
Ǹ˶ȷʵǳӣȴǳڵһ㱾Դ͵ģ쵰֪Щǿôˡŷɫѿ
ľҲˣЩǱԼɱġҾǲ֣ҲܣЩûɱǣǳֻɱЩȴɱ
һ쳣ìܵ飬Щǿĺ
ó𰸣ɫѿ
ʱһľҲ֣ŷûлɱԷֻǽˡЩﵹǲһУˣڰеȴᡣ
ӳĹﶼ£Ҫǹŷ绯Ĺʵ̫ǿˣǿ²һֱסľüͷ˵
ŷҲһ㣬ԼԼʵʵ൱Ļľ㶼Σա
طаû·ȻĻ㸸ҲӲȥһ·ŷ˵
ľ۾һûȻѾӳȥˣȻﲢ޽ġ
á
˿ʼѰңǲҷֿ뿪ŷ磬Ǹս͹ŷ൱ĹҪ͵ϮˣǲΣˡ
ǲʱܵϮҺùŷ޵УͱһػɺɨԷ
ǰһ⡣߳Զһʱһϲ
ȥŷ˵
Ƿ˹ȥ
һ̣ǿǸʲôʱ򣬶ʱ¶Ȼɫ
Ҿ˵ˣֲþȻܹŪаȻлʬľȻ˵
һֿµ࣬ʵǿ󣬸죬ڵıԴɱ֡
Ⱥǳϡ٣궼ѵüһǵʵǿǿ߼ɵ󣬶ֱӻɱġ
ɸղЩģǻʬ塣


1367 һ㱻ɵ
ͨγһƬ֮أڱĵطȻ¡ȴǵɽﱾǳĵط
ͨ͵ɽĹһγһƬ򣬳ҵʬ壬Ȼǳȥġ
ǻʬɣľŷ硣
ŷҡͷ˻һۣɫ΢΢Щص˵˰ɣҸое㲻ͬѰҪǶ˵Ļܻд鷳
Ļһ㶣ľ㿴˻һۣڷԼ뷨
ʿǸоûþͿ϶⣬ȫûɡһֱܣʿֱ쳣顣
Ǽǰɡŷ˵
ǰȥȻǹŷķ·
Ƕûз֣뿪֮󣬻ʬ壬ȻӣŹŷ뿪ķ͸˿˿졣
ǰɽͬڣȴǵĳһЩľЩľҲǺɫģûκҶӣǿһ
ͬΪľȴܹоЩľУ̺ſµ
ʲôôожһֱҡЩľ
Ҳָоŷɫ΢΢Щء
ľ㿴һۣ˵Ҳǡ
˶һۣԷеĳԾǵʶУһ˶ûиоȴĹĸоȻһɺϡ
ȷʵڿǣȴо
Ȼŷ磬̲סüͷֱظоʵڲ̫á
ǰߡŷû˵
ľӦһȻӡڴʱŷһͻȻˣԼ֦ŷ˹
ģ֪⡣ŷЦһһȭ
֦飬ͬʱŷ˳ȥһͷ׿ޱȣɫ壬µ𶯣ɫ飬ǿߣǾԲǹŷĶ֡
ߡһ̣ŷ籾ֱӾܡķȴ£ͷſµĹâչ
еĺɫľһ˲临ŷɱ˹еĺɫľŷķסˡ
һÿúɫľ飬ɢľǺȻٿúɫľҲ˵һ֣ݣϳ˻ߣ˭ܹס
ȻûжãŷͻȻһɫһס
ɱˡŷ˸ž⣬ٶȺܿ죬˼뿪һɽͷʱһɫǱʲôסˣǸɽͷȴûй
̫̼ˣٸľûмôµݡŷЦ
ҪЩȫɱԼģһһëȻĸо
Ҫ㣬ǿ¶ˡľЦ
ʵ̫£һ֣ǸͲܵס
ŷû˵ȻתǵĲԶһӰվ۾ͨ죬ŹŷǣһɭȻĺ⡣
СġľɫһǿӰϣҲܵһвһڻʵǿߡ
𡣡
ӰŭһȻ࣬ɱЯһǿϢ
ɱ
ŷһѽȻľͬʱ˳ȥ
Ǽսǿùŷ˶ɫһµĹȻס˵Χ
Ҫ֪ŷϹŴ񾳽磬ʹڻʵǿߣҲǿһսһľ㣬ЩڻʵǿߣӦǵĶֲŶԡ
ȴһǲಮ٣ԼռϷ硣
ڹŷǼҿʱǼӰ֣һӰŷ˲ըëˣ˵ٻսսףȻһѽľ˷ǰȥ
е˶֣ŷʩչһ˵סй
ƽɫĻѪ䣬ķˣûлսףǿŷ綼ˡ
ľҧŹŷԡѪһһ뿪۾һĨˮ
ŷӴܣǼӰ׷ʵǿٶȺܿ죬βһ㽫ŷסչŷɽһɽ塣
ڵϣȫˣлսףŷڶѾɱˡ
ڻʵǿ߹ʵȫ͵ס
ſҡľɫЩ졣
ŷ§ڻڻУ׽ĸоľеŤЩ˵ȫûΪ콾еǡ
ŷЦһ˵ſˣһָһ˵
ԲǹռԷıˣʵڸͶˡ
ڵУŷ޸ܵ˺ֻһᣬܹˣַ̽ſ
Բ𣬸ղðŷЩյ˵
Ŀ˹ŷһۣľҡͷûϵСɬ


1368 һĵ
ղǶʵ̫ˡŷЩľ˵
üڻʵǿߣĻǶҪˡľ˵뵽ղŵ飬ҲЩľ
ȻΪ콾вʱҲܵһ飬ޱġ
ЩʲôˣŷǱߵɽͷ
ľҡͷЦҲ˰ɣǵɽȻһ֣ûл˵ġ
лˡŷЦ˵
ľ¶ȵɫ֪ŷ˵˭Цˣŷָ
Ц󣬹ŷܿһۣɽͷƽûκι顣ǰȥͻȻסˡ
ʲôŷԾʵ
Զһͭ׷ɽۣԱһ貣͹һģһ
Ǹס
ľɴ۾ľϲ
ŷ羪ȣô׾ҵľĸףû뵽ġ
ףңľ㡣ľͻȻһŷһ
ˡ
ŷһסľ㣬ֱսսڸϢǵϢȫڸǵһ㶼Ҫʣ
ľɻʱһصĺ֮ϣһͷںڵſµϢƣ£ȻŷǶ̲סҪ
ߡ
ŷоͷȻһߣͻһĴڣɽŷͻȻֵ˼
һۣġв⣬ȴٿսսסǵϢǶѾˡ
һߣǱɡ
գ˰ΣȻʼɢ
ŷӾȣⲻĻȻһ˿ִ۵ģػֻҪֳʲô󶯾ӦþͲὫִ
ֱʧŷһǶһۣԷе𾪡
еˡľ𾪵˵
һֲۣ˿£Ǹ벻Ǹߣпǵߵһﶼǵߣ²ǵǸεˡŷ𾪵˵
һۣܿһλ⣬ʲôɱ
̫ˣ޵УȻҲ䣬пǵﵽ׷ʲô飿ľҲ
Σ˲ŷӦǶһۣԷеĺ档
˶Ҫ֪αɱġɽȥκηҲûֳĶ
ֻǵǸոߵɽʱһɿѹǵߣǼûа취ǰˡ
Ȼ˿µѹ߼ֱƿֲˡ
Ҳʱսսɢһ͵Ĺâסϣŷ˲о˲١
սҲкܴͷɣľ㿴սսһۡ
һĻȻսսģȴܹԷסһǵϣȻսҲͬǿ
ҵһλʦҵģܿϧ˼Ѿˡŷ̾Ϣ
뵽˰׷̣뵽ı׳ԼǸƳ˳ʱ䡣һִ󹦼ֻǿϧûм֪
Բ𡣡ľǸȻΪԼ˹ŷ¸оЩ
ŷȴҡͷʦԼѡ·ԴֻأȻеźվ
ľ㲻֪е飬ҲŷеһЩʹҲûʡ
սս׵ı£ԽԽǸͭסľɫΪ׾ԱߣϢԲϴ
ŷȴоЩԣľĸףȴһ㶯ûУе㲻
ǽӽľһץס˹Ȼ󼤶˵ףˣľˡ
ɫһϲĸоԸգΪѰԼĸףҵˣȻˡ
ûκζȻ
ľЦݽĽסˣһµ龰ȻһʶûС
һѾĴڣǼ䲻˼ġ
ôˣľЩ˹ŷһۡ
ŷüһְֻڹ棬ֻܸӦ΢ʶǳʱɢһ
ŷ΢΢ԥһ£ԼָһλѪ֦ϡֹŷӡһɫУ׳һʶ
ľվһߣһĻһ仰˵¾ŵ˹ŷ磬ˡ
ùŷ֣һ
Ϊ߶βŷžԵİգһͶȫһղе㵣Լֶβࡣ
ãǧͬԴڽһʶ׳ˡ
ôдһʶ
ͷеۣһֱεģ°ɣ¡


1369 ʬ
סľ㾪ϲĴ󺰡
ӯܳһ£ٴμԼĸס
Ͻ뿪ﲻĵطǰľҡż
һ뿪Ǵһߡľ㼤˵
ŷȴüͷȻ˵һ£㸸ײߡ
ʲôľסˣ֪ŷʲô˼
һЩάֲ뿪Ļܻܿ˲ήڡŷĽ͡
ľҪԼ׵룬ʱȴһ£̽˻
λѺұȥĵѪǿҪȥĻҪʱ䡣ľ㸸˵
ꡣľסˡ
ƽʱ˵һʱ䲢ڵɽȴһǵĵطڵԱߣһʲô죬ǵס
ղǸִҲľ
Ҫȴ꣬Ƿǳʵġ
뿪û⣬ľ㸸˵֦Ҷҡһš
ŷ磬ܲܽҸκãȻ룿˹ŷһۣľʵ
ŷҡͷЦ˵㸸ڽûбԴȻ׳ʶ˵Ѫ޸ƼҪɢΨһİ취ǴǲĻֻлɱһ߻ߵۣǵѪʶ
ŷĻľ㵹һɱһ߻ߣôܣ붼롣
޵Уͬ޵УͬĴڣǸ磬Ѹ棬˵ɱˡ
ңΪﵽ˻۵ľ磬ȫǸûһǼ򵥵ģǵս죬ҪзɣȻŷģ¶Щѡ
Ͼߣûһ츳ҪߵǸΣʵ̫ˡ
ûбİ취ľʵ
ŷҡͷõİ취뵽ˣľ㸸Ϊһ㣬װ죬Ϊ̫ˣҪάĴûдġ
һ㣬Ȼڻʵǿߣ޷
ľԥѵľС
ԥʱ֮ͭУȴ˵
ʲôŷľһ
Ͻ뿪û飬ʬ䣬׳аǲܴˡľ㸸˵
ʬ䣬ѵҪˣ߷죬ǵʬֵܳĻŷǸͲܵס
޵У˵ġ
һƵͭѹ죬һֿµϢŷǾȵķ֣ŵɢ˳Ǹܵ޴ѹľ㸸ȴһ鶼ûС
˵ѪԴϢ͵ʬͬҵͬ࣬ûйϵǲһϽ뿪ɣȵǾˡľ㸸ż˵
ľ㻹ĲᣬǹŷȴѾܵвҵһߴ߶սսףֿЩ
ߡŷ˵
һľ㣬Ҫһɽ
ʬֱôͨһͨ뿪ľ㸸ŷ紫
ŷ綮ˣֱֻأգҪľ뿪
մ飬ŷֱӳ˽ȥľ㲻ĿԼһۣ㱣ء
İɣҲµġľ㸸׺
ŷľ㣬Ҫȥ
ޱȣ綼ˣлսףѾѹˡ
ŷԿ϶ĵߣԲһĵߣֻǸǿߣܹ󣬻˿µѹ
Ҫ뿪ʱһĳХŷһ
գӿأֱӸ˹ŷǵȥ·
ʲôŷɫ䡣
ʱһ˫ӣ˹ŷˡ
ء
һ£ѹһУ춼ڲҪ飬ʱնܲסڲͣı顣
µĵߣʹֻһ˿ִ𣬵Ҳ޵еģ϶Ҳһ޵еĴڡ
ƽʱŷ϶ЩηǴʱȴһܵвʱȻܲʲôηηġ
ŷ֣ϢսսУȫա
һӢΰ˼ӾȻսս߳磬ǧŽδȻݣǹŷȴһϤĸо
ʦ
ŷ缤֪ΪΣã˲ֹԼʦô򵥡
һַĸо˵壬
ûпŷ磬쳤Хһֻ£Ȼֲѹˣ֮䣬ִ顣
ȻָܿȴվԶҹ
顣
һ죬ŷľ㺧Ȼķ֣ͭ׵ĶѾ򿪣һֻ˳ĲһƬڣֻвͣӿĵ֮⣬ʲô


1370 ֻƬ
ֱֻӴһУǵӰѹȥͬʱٴγɱ
䡣
սӰ֣򵥵һȭֱӣһС
ʬײһ£ȴδˣִɱһ߷ɳȥ
£ȻֻһӰҲ޵֮ˣһֲĴڣࡣ
û뵽㾹ȻҲˣ˭ܹɱ㣿սӰڣͭף֪˶Էݡ
ŷһսʶʶˣ϶Ǹʱǿߣսʵ˶ǿȻҲࡣ
ͭ׼žֻвͬӿĵ
ˣѾˣҲֻһ񣬼սսУܳսӰ̾Ϣ
ݣһ˫ȴɼз·Ųɣ
ս̾ϢһᣬȻѾˣǸûˣҰɡ֣Ȼͭץ˹ȥ
ͭȫֱҪˣһȫڵеʬֱӳϸ졣
һȥ
սӰЦһ̣·Ϊǧŵףһֻѹ䣬ûʲôܹס
Ǿߵʬվǲֱӱѹ䣬ѹͭС
սӰ˲٣ɫ䣬ֱӴͭץһ
һƬһĶκĵطսӰϣȴ¶һĨЦݡ
ͽܣ͸ˣúñܡսӰ˹ŷһۡ
ʦҪ뿪𣿡ŷ뵽İ׷̣ʧ
սӰͷЦ˵İɣֻһ˿ʧˣһָо廹ڣֻǳһ״ǻټġ
廹ʦ𣿡ŷЦ
ңҾǱ壬ķͱһͬһˣȻʦ𣬺ˣҪ˵ôˣúõıֻƬдáսӰ˵˫ֽӡ磬һ⸡֣ĽŵףȻֱʧ
ʱʬ쳤Хʮ𶯣綼ڲ
ŷٴγֵʱѾһǴûĵطˣǸоһϢŷԿ϶ԼУû뿪
ʦҪˣƹֻܺƬֻܹƬ룬ҲܹҲ˵սʰʧ
ֻŷУ̫⣬һɿֲѹֻ洫һ㽫ŷѹſ¡
ӿòײŽֻƬס
ŷɫдһĨ𾪣ֻССһƬһֻأжôŷûйоһֻƬյ˵С
˿ŷĶ϶һ˸çײֻƬԼĵﵱС
ܶ˳Ƕ⣬ȻǿߣشǹŷֻƬȴûκ飬һ̫ˡ
ס
ľЩʧǣȻûнԼĸ״˵һֳصĴ
Ҫģʱ䣬ָ㸸һܹġŷľļ
ľһƽЩ˼˵Цˡ
˭˭Ѻα˵ôĻŷʼ磬Ц˵

ľŷ΢΢Щ
ŷȻҲоľһЩֹǿԼ˰ɡΪһ鳡֣ŷȻܹоľԼ̬ȣЩı䣬ϲһ
ʱ򣬹ŷȻܾǰҲϲԷΪֹŷ绹ûаľ㡣
ܵŷľɫЩ죬תƻ⣬ɨһܣʲôط
֪һ˶֪ŷЦ˵
˭ľɻ
ĳӣѾľˡ
СӡŷЦӷ˳
ӿľ㣬пɲֻйŷ磬Ҳͼûɡ
ľɫһ죬̲סǳ˵ʲô˭ֻŷ硣ĳЩ˼ȻӵĻɬˡ
ӻ˵ŷһһԴϣû˵ʵһ㣬Ҫ˵˵
ӣӺٺһЦ
ˣеʲôطŷ翴һܣʵ
һۣͻȻȵ˵ô
ʲôطŷʵ
ĵ̡˵
壬ŷһ㶣ѵȺиǵǲ̫ˡ
ӿŷе뷨Цһ˵磬岻˵Ƕ񣬶ָֻҪ񡣡
ʲôŷľ㶼ˡ


1371 
ʵ̫ˣһֲ塣
еĴ֮һǵֻ࣬ǧˣǼŲ㶼ܹϹŴҲлߣֻǲ֪ǲġΪŷ˽͡
ڴлʣŷһ㶼⡣
һµȺûлֵ߳ء
ǲõģ岻һǷǳ߰ȴ£ֻҪǣǾԲǣȻǿҲһӽ͵
ӵĻŷľһ
Զĳǳأǳ֣˶УֻҪǵĹأǿϢΪͨǴһЩõĵطˡЦ˵
˵⣬ģŷľһۣԷеľϲһطΪ̽Ϣĵط
ľ飬ѾɣҪģѰ͹ŷĶӡ
ȥĳǳءŷ˵
Ҫʲô𣿡Ӳ³˹ŷĿġ
ŷͷЦ˵СӵǷǳҪˣһҵĶӣһһλ⹫ļӡ
ϧҳѪһ岻ˣȻǵǿ԰Ѱҡɫ΢΢ЩȻ
ŷĳӵļ򣬰
һҲһɣܿ㿪Ц˵ҺþûȥˣֿԺúõˣ˵ĺһľɫ绪ʶһˡ
С۾ð⣬ȫһɫǵӡ
ŷЦãԴһ£û˵һɫǵӣҲ¶ˡ
ٺ٣Ҹ㣬ĺһŮȣݣ˫ҲܹļǸ飬ĺʥŮĵһŮĳƺСһ˵ţˮҪˣùŷЦá
ڳӵĻŷȴЩΪȻˣĻ𣿹ŷָָľ㣬˵νĺʥŮľ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ȻǳĴһľ㣬˵ǧ¡
ŷ⵹ˣľݾǳܹµģĺʥŮĵһŮͷʵˡ
лᵹҪʶһ¡ŷЦ˵
ǶĺʥŮʲôͷֻǾһɫˣǲʱһ£еź˶ѡ
ľȻˣ˹ŷͳһۣ˵ɫǵͽӡ
ŷЦɲǳһɫǡڳӣһȹŷƤҪȻںٺһЦǳĽͽӵĳƺţùŷЩ
߰ɣҪ˵ôˣȥǡŷɫ
һǸȥ˵ǲԶҲ֮ңԶ˵ҲֻǺܿ㵽ˡ
мķΧǾȻûһǿޣǿ߲ϹŴսޣһвûУӶɽЩ޽
ǿ߾ΧǿޣɱˣҲЩ΢Сһģǿϣûж֡ӽ͵νǿһޣָ֮ϵޡ
ŷ΢΢һ£壬ǹ̬
ޣ㿪أʹһеǿߣҲЩûӵӲȴȥսǼɱˡ
ôһƬ˵ҲҪͷްɣȻȫˡ
ֹͷ޾ﲻ֪˶ͷޣǧпܣҲ޻ʣǶɱˣһʣȫΪĵĥʯͷ˵
ŷ𾪣ǧޣɱˣ忰ƿֲ
彾ǿе壬ȴǿߣֻ֮ͬУһսǻܣ彫Ὣ˵ԼĹٽܡ
ΪʲôŷЩȣ֮ͬлǣϱҲ̫˰ɡ
Ϊͬ޵УȻЩν콾δܹ֮ͬսʤǣֻҪܹսʤ壬Ȼ콾еٮٮߣ޹δҪáΪŷ͡
ŷȻһܴķΪһ㣬˲
ͬ׻壬ܹΪǵϱŷеԾԾԡ
ҵҪ֪嵽жôͬ޵УҲҪʲôǰľ㵭˵
Ĵ綼ǳһ콾


1372 
һˣ˵ͬ޵УȻ
ˣŷ翴ľһۡ
ľͷЦ˵ǳͬ޵УҵȤһ¡
ǲóˡŷԼıӡ
ľʵ֪ģ֮ͬУҪҪսʤľ㣬綼мˡľʵ쳣£ȵʱŷҲ̫ࡣ
磬㲻Ǵľȥսɣӵɴ۾һŵӡ
ŷͷЦ˵кβɣѵľ㣬֮ͬвѹǿ𣿡
磬֪ģľ㣬ֻһŮˣܺǿͬ棬㻹ǲҪľȥսˣһʲôʧǾͲˡЩĵ˵֪ľݣֻûжٲԱĶ֡
㿴ңľ¶һĨΣյɫ
ӣӸЦ㣬ڹ
ˣ㿴Űɣһܼʿ㿴ľЩˬ˵Ĺ֮жټھȻ˿ΪͬײǿߵĶ֣ľ㲻ˬ˼㡣
ҲýͣʱԼʵȥ֤Сӻ˵Щʲô
ܹľɫеĲˬЦһû˵ֻڷֹѵԼĿˣľҲһ֡ľһӣԼ뷨
ӰдùŷȰһľ㣬˴˾Ͳˡ
ùŷЦãֻܸ߳ľݡ
죬ӵɴ۾Ӷɳˡ
ĵʿǲ֪飬ʵ֮УǿߵͷȻʮȻ֪ǣой
ֻǴӶû뵽ǿޱȣĹȻһŮӣϸ·һͱһ
ڳʿ֮ܶͬУԲľĶˡʲôЦľˣмʿľ㶼սܣľˡ
ߡ
ľˣе㲻ˬΪһǿߣȻɣ˵ֱһ޷̵顣
ľһˬӣӸЦȻľǸľԭ¡
Ҳʱǡΰޱȵĳǳأڵϣϣǳ˸ʥ⣬һֲϢת
ŷ΢΢һǻߵϢܹܵ
һ˲䣬ŷܹ϶лʣֹߡڻڲڣͲܹµˡ
ǽȥɡ˵
ǰ·ŷһȥշɳûжԶǱ㾪ȵķ֣һǿѹǵϡ
ŷ嶯ûжһ£ľҲһֻг΢΢һͬԵ÷ǳɡ
ŷɫЩ⣬ӽ͵ֻ߾֮ϣܹ룬κҪǳصʱ򣬳лԶһѹǳܲסҪȥ
ԭŷи̾Ҳȷʵ߰ģ£ȻǳصʸûС
˵ûⷽգǼ˲ɵ˳ſڡ
ǳû˰֣˽ǾȻûһ˸¡
ǵĹأκ£ȻĻǣ⵽׷ɱ
ӶǱȽ˽⣬Ϊŷǽԭ
ԭŷľһۣԷеľȣûֻһأסˣ˶£ؾصġŷ֣ڽǵʿУǿߣǺһʿһʵʵŶӣ߽ȥ
ôϣǿ߶ò򣬹ŷ˾̾
Ŷӣ˽ȥ
ĳǳأûκֻǰ̯˵ΪЩطĸߣͶ߾ʿϹŴȱȽǣҲа̯ģǲڣΪ١
ϵ⣬ϵ¿⣬¿ɵĻգҪĵѿһһߺţһС̯һͷѾƤ¿ѪɢϢȻһϹŴ񾳽¿
ŷϹŴ񾳽ⶼзȻΪǡ
ʳ¯ķﵨҪĵѿﳬֵһСߺȣһˣǰѾ׿ˣһѪ̯λ档
ܿ죬ǸٴλһﵨֻϢ˥˲١
̫ˡŷҡͷʹɱǿΣҲ̲סҡͷ


1373 鷳
Ӽŷ¶ͬɫȴЦǿʳǷǳ飬粻⡣
ŷҡͷҲףԼǸ̾Ҳûκãͬ˵֮飬Ǳɱ߱ĥֻԹΪǿ
˵ף⻹һȭͷ硣ȭͷӲӲòá
ȥʿܶ࣬ҲкܶС꣬иûʵĵطŷʶѡһ¥̽õطʱһ仰ʣԼҪ֪飬֪һһ
ˣľʵ
Ļһ˵¥ȫǽĿⶢľɫȻ¶һĨµɫ
ôˣľüͷ
УɵıѰס彫⵱һܣֻǾŵˣŻὫǴ룬Ѱ壬ᱻǵе⣬ܻܵĹΪľͣԴðղҲľŵùǺ
ľƲƲ죬Ц˵˵ͬ޵СҾҪǹңʱ֪ʲôŽͬ޵С
ѾͷڻЩޣȻղų˵ĻѾɹŭһѻûյ׵ĳӵϣȴյЩ޹ͷϣ´Ƕû뵽ֻǱ˿佱ԼȺ䣬һˡ
ŷ簵Ц죬ľվһŮˣŮ˾ԼСӣڵľ㣬ʹСӶѡľΪԼ׵ԭвˬҪй
ֻһʵȻľ㲻淢Ҳڱ淢ŷһ㶼⡣
ӻ˵ЩʲôŷЦ˵˵ˣʵҲҪʶһѵж
ŷ綼˵ˣֱӱ֪ͣŷ»ǷǳзִģڲľһʹСӡ
ǹŷ֪ӵ뷨϶ЦãûСӣֻеĶǴӣһȻѣѪɺӲŻ
Ҫս壬ƾҲ䣿һЩһ̬欵Ů˳ھ¥棬Ŀⶢľ㣬ļʺͱġ
ŮòףľȣͲ̫Զˡ
ľ㵭Ŀ˶ԷһۣôԷ
Ů˵ʵϹŴ񾳽磬սȴ̫ǿȻһ˶ܸɵüȻᱻľС
ôղŲǺܿô˵ˣǲСӣŮ˵Ļǳ񶾣ȻľΪСӡ
졣
ŷ翴˶ԷһۣɫһһƳ˳ȥֱӽŮ˴Ӿ¥г˳ȥ

˶ŵˣ˭û뵽ŷ羹Ȼﶯ֣ӵɫһףϽվŷ˵磬鷳ˣǸϽߡ
ΪʲôҪߣŷ翴һۣ˵
ֲƵģΪʲôҪ뿪ҲһľҲǿȻ
ǲߣЩʳϽ뿪ˡ¥ϰǵڿˡйأж֣Ļֱ壬ᱻ׷ɱġ
ǸҶ֣ˣĴˡǸŮ˷˹ǷһЦ
ľ΢΢һüͷһ˳ȥ
ǸŮƺһ徹ȻЩͨľˮһµѪ˳ȥȾѪһݶ棬
׳ŮˡľƲ졣
ŷҲǷǳƽһ㶼ġǻ֣߳ȻĻҪǣͲܡ
ڻߣŷڵĻߣûм˸Լ֡ȴߣ棬κλ߲׼Լ֣Щ߾ҪɱҲĿŵ
ڵĹŷ磬һ޿ֵĸо
ŷɲ֪ͨģԶԶֹߡ
ллж׼ЩеĻ֣߳ȻĻһȺΪС
˴󵨣Ȼж֣һһȺǿ֣߳ǺûʲôֻɫģһʥϢʱŹŷǣɢűɱ
ӳִҵģӳǸŮ˹һѱһġ
ӳ΢΢еģ˵磬Ҫװ˭֪°ҹ
ɫһһףɲӳ磬ԷһɵУҲ˵ʲôҪǸ
뵽ϽӦһ뿪ֻ뿪֮ǰľ˵⣬һƯŮˣҪٵˡ


1374 ս
һЩ̬ŮˣκαԼƯŮ˴ڡľսǵʱ򣬺Ѿľ㡣ҵ˻ᣬ̼ľԼ֣ڴĿġ
赶ɱˣǰѵӳ
ӳҲ֪İϷԲŶһ㶼ֱӺǳ⡣˭ʹо˵ġ
ΥĹأɵӳŹŷǣȻȽǿƣǲ֪ΪʲôԹŷ˵ʱӳһֳĸоֻϹŴʿһַǳѹֵĸо
ָоԼԶԶǶֵǿһ
ǵģǲҪôһ㶼ûпŷ絭˵е㲻ˡ
ľùŷеִ硣ʱ򣬳Ӳŷ֣ԼˣˣҴףŷһһڱǻҩζֱǾ鲻һ
ӳһ㣬ֻ˭ȳֻ֣Ҫг֣ǻǵĹأҪɱӳ˵
׳ա
ظ
ŷľͬʱ˵ɫм
һ㽫ӳǵһμŵļһأͲ¡
뵽ӳŭͽҿǹƵģǡ
ӳȳ˹ģһȺ£еĺ֣ЩȻֻϹŴ񾳽磬һȻδǵĶ֡ӳһ֣һϣܹеĵˡ
ȻȻ˵ǻϣǾͲȫͿ϶ŷľˣ⡣
ŷ綼ûг֣ľȴ˳ȥûжκֻͨһһƳȥӳ֮⣬˶ķɳȥ
ǸӳҲ˺üһһƨڵϡ
ľǰνͬ޵е˵ֱһЦЩʿΪʵ϶ľ϶٣ȴûһľĶ֡
ӳһֻһ֣ףԼһˣʹ򲻹ľ㡣
ӵӶɳˣмֱ޵еĴʵ壬ľУȻһزһƾͳˣֱΪԼΡ
˹ŷһۣŷյʳңΪʲôôģ㹻ʵ
ʶһ㣬ҲˣҲʼԺȣйŷľҲȥһЩʲô顣
ôôҼǿ߹ͬһսˣҶȽȤľܴ󣬵ȴӳûа취
嶼쳣߰ģǴʱȴһĸо
ߡ
ӳһ
ʱǶˣʲô˼ǵ˶֪û뵽ʱô꣬Ȼǿߴˡ
һȺȺǿߣȫǳ˹տտ
η֣ǰ塣һϵɣĿ絶ᴩϵ£ѹԵϢ
һ֣ŷľ˲ܵˡ
ǶһۣԷе˷ܡ
ǿƣǰֽһľɣƻã˼ޣ֮ϣ˶סˡ
ˣȻһŮˣҿΪ硣˶һֿЦõĸоҲ̫˰ɡ
ɸǵӳһۣһϹŴҲС֣һｫˡ
ӳЦľΪʵ̫ƭˡ˭벻Ů˾Ȼ˵ĿֲһĶ֣ҪսҪҲҪ졣
峤ҪСλʵǿҲǶ֡ӳЦ
һӳܹΪ̷ӵĶӳȻҲһ֣嶼ܹŵϺŵģȴ˵ԼһŮ˵Ķ֣Ů˻һϹŴףԼ뻹С˶Է
ʶһ㣬ɿԼԶһһۣ˵ȥһλĸС
ǸĳԱ˳죬ʵǿӳ֮ϡ
Ҫ˺ϾһСңҲղһҲ˵̲ס˵һ䡣ŮɾãƯһŮˣǱɱôˣһ˷ѡ
ǸͷȻľ˵񾢣ͽ̡
ľ㿴һۣͻȻҡͷ˵㲻УǸࡣֺȻָɡ


1375 콾
ȻȻľĻסˣǱãľҲǳޣӳǿһ㣬ѾܾˣϾһϹŴĴڡ
ľȴսɣֱɡ
Ů̫ˣ潫ԼɹŻˣս峤Ҫ֪峤ѾĴˡ
ҿϲ£ϧһŮ
ۣû˸ҹ飬ˣȻǿƣҲ֡
ɫһЩˡľһ绪ŮӣľΪѣľΪȴɷǳѿ
Ҫ峤ԣȹһء񾢿ڣɫĮϴһĨŭ⡣
Ȼľӣɣŭˡ
΢΢ҡͷľ̾Ϣһ˫֣ȳ֣ʡñ˵۸㡣ȻȻûתȴһ˵ѹȻĸǣҲɵıɫ
΢΢¶һĨɫͻȻãľ㲻򵥣ϲ
ŷھƹУҪһףŻ׺žƣգһµӡ
磬㲻ľǴܰɣЩԾΪŷ֣ȴû뵽ŷ羹ȻһеӣûвֵĴ㡣
£ľ㲻Կŷɵ˵
ľʵˣһ죬Ȼɳ֣Ҳδܹʤľ㣬ûбҪġ
ҹŷܹоĸ֣ȫֻһ֣֮е̫ࡣ
ҲûбҪ֣ľ㷢йһ°ɣҲ鷳ġпܵĻŷ絹ҪΪѡ
ʵˣܿ졣
ŷ˵֮󣬱㲻ٿڣֻǳԼĶ۾ȴһ̶û뿪ա
ս񾢳֣ɫȣһնմ飬ֻûκ飬з⣬סе
ǳأлߵķػ֮սͻٻĶ
ߴŲ࣬ʹˣµĶҲǼԻٻġķı鲼Զûģһ׳󣬶ػǰӵǿ֮棬𺦵ǡ
ľҡͷᵯָһҶɳȥնգ񾢵ײһҶ·ͻᱻߣǴʱȴӲޱȣҲ쳣£Ȼ񾢵Ȼ󶴴壬ƺһһĨȻɫֻһν֣񾢱ףԼľĶ֣Էʵ֮ǿԶԶ֮ϡڳУܹսʤԷˣҲֻ峤ˣȻȻ峤Ҳδһٷְա
ˡľ㵭˵
Ǹ߰ģǼȻˣͲϣ񾢵ͷûмսȥ˻ȥ
Ȼǲͬ죬ս˹ȻǷˡɵ˵ϲɫȴΪԾϾȻУҲǸˣھȻһϹŴˡ
ľ㵭һЦһۣ˵ͽ̡
Ȼղź񾢶֣ľ˵ʵ㲻ʲôеƣûзй
ľսˣɣ㹻սһˡ
峤ô֣ԸĻǰһսһһ꣬ɫдԵü¡
һϹŴǿߣΪľ൱һϢµ˼㡣
˭˾ȵʵ
һһڣʵѾԽ˸峤̤磬ܹ֮޵С˾̾
峤ʲôϵ
˵峤СĶӣȴһֿµѪ츳ˡһЩ˽ǿ߽͵
ʵУй飬Ƕܣ㹻ǿ󣬺ܶǶûڸǣ˺֪
һԻ͵ȺǿƣȻղһаľе񾢣óȥҲһһĺ֣ж쳣޵еĴڡ
ֲأҲ֪ǸŮʲôˣһζһսǺڴЩʿдһĨȣ˵ϡ
ڶôˣЩȡ
ף콾٣ڶʶһ£ҪڴЦԵü伤ľһĨȡ
ŷɫ΢΢Щ죬һ²Ϊľʵģ뻹ľ㡣


1376 һ׷Ļ
ŷȴöԷҪľ㣬빻Ǻ
ɲ˵˵ѡ
ְɡ
ľ㵭˵о˸Ȼһ֣ܸˣڿԷһսˡ
֪ɷӦһû̶֣Ƕľ˵
˵
ľ㵭˵һ䡣
½սܹһᣬ¿׷㡣ڿ˵ϴһĨЦݣԵ쳣ˡ
еŮʿ۾ð⣬Ľľ㣬޲ôľ㣬ڵ׷
һŮˣݺݵĶľ㣬ֱҪһŮ˲ǱˣǸղƵǸľ㱻еŭ𣬼ֱҪһ
Сľ㵭˵
˻һЩеŮʿһڲᱻ˹ˡľг˵⣬ŮҲ̫Լ˰ɣȻܾԼ׷
Ҳһ£ûȻҲ֪ԼܻӭҲףԼûŮһԼͰԼԺԼͬһŮӣûô
Ϊʲôѵλаˣѹڻ룬ľûаµĻӦòһ׷Ļᶼɣٲôʹľܾ
ǣҶûǿûȤܹңٻ׷ҡľֺȻָŹŷ硣
˶¶ɫǽĿͶ˹ŷϡ
ŷڳŻףľĻʱ򣬽һһŻֱӿ˺档
ŷ˼£Ž׿ȳ
һĻ¶ĵɫȻڹŷܶ˶ϡӢޱȣʵǿȣʵǲ̫Զˣٱġ
ҲûпŷʲôĵطһϹŴһʿѣôĶ֡
ֻɨ˹ŷһۣ㽫ĿջȻľ˵ְɡ
ֶһֵӡŷǳ鴤һ£һɵƣľĸֶ֣ȻװƣⲻǸԼҲʹ𣿹ŷ֪Ҫùˡ
ûгŷϣľֱӳ֣һ֦ɣ϶ȥڼ˹ȥ
棬ܹһСصѹڵɫˡףԼС˶֡
ơ
ڳ֣ǿޱȣ貣ʮЩ֦ײһ
䡣
һ죬ڱɳȥȾѪһ֣ˡ
һĻĳԱȫ̲סɴ۾û뵽ġǿУڵʵֱǵ峤ҪǿأھȻڸһֵʱ򣬱·硣
ǻһĻһսذܡһľƽ˵
ʱһϣľ
ǾϢʱʿˣΪʲôԷšһ֮УߵܹеġǴ˵еĻ֣ܹ߳ѹɱǡ
ǰ׵Ůӣһ
´ˡ
ɫ֪Լˡһղ̬ȼֱ
ಫԷղűܹ׽ѹƣȻɱ
Ҳ˵ľֻҪһսҪ壬һ塣
֮䲻ǵˣ뵽һʹľܾȴҪڴս֮󣬳׷ľ㡣
ȻǰǴǸľǸϹŴһˣ뵽ڵ¶һĨЦݡ
Ҫˡɫ׼ȫˡ
ľͷǺ⣬ԷȻ㹻ǿȴֺ
ڱӲӣǻһ£һɫս׳ϣ˫ֽӡѹ¡
̫Ǹ֣ɢſµΰľѹ
̫ǣҲĶˣޱߡ
ľ֣֦̫ǣһɣ档
ƣһҶ֣һѰ쵶䣬ȫˡ
á
һЦ貣ֱӳ˳
̤УһͷɫѪ𶯣ϵһſŴը飬ܲסϡ
ɱ
ľüǿƣȻ˹ȥڽнս
ɱǿ˺Ѵϣ˱ܣȻл߷ػܵ˺ЩػĶɲǣһ˼սϢУȻҪش


1377 ǹ
û˸ĺܽɫţһʲôԣҪ뿪
˱ΪֻҪһ֣ͱȻսʤǴʱȴ֣ее㲻һ
ŮӺǿ󣬳еǿ󡣴ʱжһҵĸоҺԼûг֣ȻĻ϶ԿʱŻֳһЦ峤ȴһѾͷĶ֣ǴȥϺڣڡ
ˣǵҲ̫ÿϾںųһһ֣һֱĽҲչԼʵıǮڶˣǵĽᵴȻ޴档
һУھǵľ֧޵е
˼սͨϣޣǲƣǳеķǳʥ˶ĿѣԣųĴڵ棬ʵ̫ǿˣĪȻǿߣľʹȥҲڵһʱ

ľ㽿һͬʱֿǶһ˿ѪϢȴܾˡ˶ӣԷеء
໥֮һĵ֣໥սôʱ䣬Ȼûһ
ľ㷢𶯣Ҫ壬ȫһս̶ֳȵĸ֣еĶ־
ѾͷйˣͻԷɣ˶ˡŷһƣе˵
ŷĻ˶һ£ɫŹ֣һĽԼһˣȻҪһ콾̫Цˡ
áǵϣľ㾹ȻӦˣ˵ͷϢȫȻ¥߹ȥ
ӶɳˣǲŹŷ磬ʵǲ֪һﵽʲôĵطܹһ
ڸɫ΢΢ãľ㣬Ҫ׷󡣱Ϊû˺ԼڿǰֻϹŴһļһԼǿĶ֡
ֻҲףľĴڣοһϹŴļһġ
һᣬҶȥɡɿ˵һ콾˭֪Է󣬵ʲôӵˡ
ľȻĵ϶֣ȻͲǺܵ׷ɱһʮˣȻᶯ
ҶԷ㹻ޣ˽ύĻȳΪҪõöࡣ
彾ҲҪʲôˣľĸȻǳƽ͡
ȻƽĹŷͳӣǾͲ̫ˡ
й𣿡ŷʵ
ľǳǳһЦЩ˼˵еһЩѾйȥˣҪģҲ뱻ŰԾ֡
Ҳʱ߽˾¥ľĻʱһЩ˼Źŷ磬ѵĿˣǰһ֣
ϾľʵڷǳһֶµˣȻܼ򵥡
ŷ翴һۣЦк
һ£Ȼֵͬлѡ
󷽷ȻĿⶢľ㣬˵ղȻδսʤվսһƽ֣֪ɷ¹Ĺշ
ľ㡣һۣľڵûʲôУһͬҲʸ֪֡
΢΢һ£ľ֣˵ʵ̫İˣû˵
ԳûȫپŲ֪ģȴûľһˡ
ϵɻ󣬹ŷЦ˵ľû˵иһ
ʲôЩȵʵȻӲԼ֪ľˣǶԷһ֡

ŷ³ƺ
һվˣû뵽ղźԼսˣȻǴ˵еĹһ쳣أֻ֪ܶһùȴ֪ʲô֪Աˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴǰò׵ŮˣǸȻҪ𾪡
ΣڲŷӦ̲סȵ˵û뵽˵еĹȻһŮӣʧˡ
ľ㹰˹֣ǷĵģĻľ֮ϣȻһʵǿվгȥ磬ûмʶˡ
ŮҲܳ죬ϣܿģŮӡŷЦ˵
ܹľһˣҲһˣ֪λ̨մ˹ŷһۣӾùŷ粻̲סʵ


1378 ٶ໹
ŷԼıӣаЦʵҾһͨˣûʲôĵط㺰ҹŷˡ
ŷ磿е죬뵽
ͻȻɴ۾Ǽһ
ǹŷ磿վŹŷ磬ûתƿ۾
ŷͷЦ˵һֶѣҪôʲô
һ֣ڿЦһۣ˵֮УʮӽһǿߣһȺ㣬㻹ֻһֶ𣿡
ŷһ㶣¶ɫ
ʮǿߣŸ֣һ߳ǿߣȻ֮ࡣ
һ߳ǿߣǿһҪɱ㡣ʱҲŷ͵
Ϊʲôŷ粻⣬òԼûôɡ
ľ֣ش֮ڸ̾˵
Ȼӣǹŷô׷ɱǲܵġ
ͱʾЩ˽ŷǱķǳٱҪĶࡣ
𣿲ľɳΪ˲Ҳ֪ʲôľݻ١ŷЦһ㶼¡
Щ㶣ŷ絭˵ΪжȻƽڿͦ˼ģЩһҪɱңҵǾһĺõطҲǶԵˡ
˻һȻڶ𾪣ҲǸֻȴԲ˵ģΪûǷʵ
Щ˶Ǹǿߣǿߣ޵С
ǿߣ߳һδܹʤڶԷʮˣдǿŷӣȻûзС
ŷѣҪСǵʵЩ̫ǿˣľѺһ𣬵ǶˣҲסôǿߵΧҡҡͷ˵
ٶҲֻ޷ɱŷЦ
˻һأڵһڹŷУѵֻʵ׿µʲôز
ľ㶼ĿŷһĨɫ
һֱڣδ̽ŷĵߣ֪жǿ󣬵ľȴ֪ŷ϶Լǿǿ˶٣ȴ
Ѻǡڸ̾
ֻҪвһ˾ˡŷЦ
һЦһ뷨ǵŷַԹĴݣ뷨ʧˣãǰˣʵɨǿЩ߸ϵǿΪϡ
һιк£ŹֵʼΪսѵŷѲ֪սеĺܶгԹ𣿡ڵɫЩɻ
˵֮ΣգǹżҵӦ̤ġսѪսģɱ񷶼Ⱦ˺ɫǿ˲֪٣󲿷͹ս֮дޣ£ŷ粻ӦýĲŶԡ
ŷҡͷ˵ġ
ľս壬ǲҲҪΪѣȻѰҹҵˣоһʵ
ľϡ
ҶɵӣȻҪѣ˵һ㣬Ҫֵò졣
û⣬ܹսԱѣοֺľ֮УǾԵٮٮߣȻӭڴЦ
ŷľһۣףǰˡ
ڱ̬̬ˣϾʵǿ󣬺ܶ鲻˵ȫҲࡣ
Ҫҵ˭ʵ
ҵĶӹ컹ʼĵǰһ˱ŷûΣ˵ԼĿġ
ǡ
ھȣȻˡ
ôǵϢŷڲܵˡ
ҡͷЦǰУȴûˣǽһطǸطȻ壬Ҳûа취ȥ
ĵطأŷ羪ȣóط϶УУ岻漰ĵطʵǾȡ
ǸطɣӾȡ
λǳѪһĳԱɣΪѪһ屻أû뵽Ȼ˳һۣһۿ
ɫһҪɱԱ
ƨ˭ҪɱǿߣһŵһȺ¥ͷһɫ裬ǿ׳죬ŷһӵʱɽʱ¶һĨЦ
ûϳڣǽǵʱսѾȴܹ⼸˵ΪϹŴ񣬸ͲһȺ˵Ķ֡
塣ɫ࣬û뵽ҡ


1379 
󡣡Ȼ˵һ壬綼ܹߡ
̫ǿƣȻһͨĵӣǳǿơ
ΪϹŴ죬˸ǿȻһǿݣľˡ
Ͼǿһ棬һǸȴһϹŴĸ࣬˾ȣͬʱףݶܲ
ԭѣڡվ˵ûκĻηݸ߹ΪһҾʵǿȻ峤ҲûбҪͷ
屾һǿ壬ȻԼİ
ڣȵ˵
ڵͷֶȴһɿµƴɢλߵѹͬʱҲ־ơ
ܵ޴ѹ΢΢ˣɫ˲١
ѣΪѪĵӡ˵
ճϣǸǿߣʵǳǿѪҲһˣȻȲڣվһ۷
ԭѪǰĵӣѺø˵
ڵĻһڵҼүѪĵӣ䳤ϵӡ
䳤ϣֵʱڲ΢΢ЩݣȻͷС
ڲ˵ЩĿתŷǣ˵һѪߵû뵽ˣղҪ壬ܿϧûлˣˡ
ѣǣ׼˽΢΢üͷ˵
޷ֻ÷ģһϹŴѣġںһֵ֣˵
Ļڲһ㱻ˣһﵽûи
ŷɨһۣƲƲ죬ֹԲС
ŷ󣬵ڳĶʲôˣʹСҲǵĶ䣬ɫͱˡĿӳӵתƵŷϣЦ˵ﻹһ󲻾ˣҲҪ
ǲǻҪɱңľͻȻЦ
ʱע⵽ľ㣬һ޵ɫȻЦýεСӣҵȻɱ㣬ҪΪҵ檣źүҡ
ȫûз֣仰һ˵ڵɫȫˣֱҪһ
Ȼľ㲻ϲڣȴľ㣬˼ʹһҲľ㡣
ĻֱӴŭڡ
ѣ˵ءɫһ
ôˣ󲻽⡣
ŷƲ죬һֱԲе˼㡣
ΪӲм˵
ĳӣŶԷ̺űɱ⡣֪ԼʵǶԷĶ֣ԻȥͶԷ
Ѫߵҽ¡˵
ȫˣǱ߹ȥ
վǵǰüͷ˵ˣ壬˽
ͬĻͲ˽ˣͷɡһۣһĨЦݡ
΢΢һ£ڵüͷû뵽ȻȨ߸Լ
ѵѶ˵
Ȼ˵ĻʹĶҲ˵п֮ĵӣ˵Ƿǳõһ顣
û뵽ԲеļһȻʳһˮ׼⣬޷ش
֣ͷɣҲ뻵ǵĹأ⼸һȷʵӦûšŷԼıӣһ⡣
壬ŷһøжûУǴӶԷʱץס£ǳѪһ飬Ⱥ˺ܴо
Ȼ߰ǲΪһ̶˵ԿԳƵ岻һֻҪ飬˭ˣǿ϶ʩչֶΡ
ҪŷǶ֣ŷҲǡŷȻҪһӣû֮ͬǰŷǲᶯֵġ
֡ڿЦ˵
ͷɡľ㵭˵
ã˫˭ʲô飬޹أκ鲻ҵͷϡ˵
ȻףǳµĻȻǵùһҲǱ֮ײ
оЩԣһֲõԤУԷϹŴ񣬶أʱġ
ͬ⡣˵
Ҳͬ⡣ŷ¶һĨЦݣֻЦݣȴЩ


1380 ն
һԼǩԼϢ
Ϊһ֤ݣʱô鷳Ҳϡ
ϲģǽˡЦ
ҡҡͷǿһĶһȻûʶ鲻ԣ֪ǩղǸԼģûһ㱾£ôܻô
ǵһ˺ҹŷǷϲģָоķǳˬŷ̾Ϣ
ľһۣ˵ҹҲǵһ˵ҪҳΪ檣Ȼǻߣ˵ĻҲҪһ£һССϹŴǿ
ŷ͹һڣǶǻһǵɴ۾һӣǶû뵽ǰ˾Ȼ
ֲùŷ˵ԲУãԼеԲСǵĹرȴȡˣֱҪԼһơ
ѣΪʲô˵ݣЩŭ˵
ŷͷ̫ˣնȻ;еٮٮߣĶ֣ǿŰһˣȻܹġ
ʼ磬Щί˵˵ˣв˽
á
ҪΪҪŷأڿһԸˡ
壬ȺɱĸԱҲʹһᡣ۾Ѫ죬֪йŷ͹ǾԲǹŷǵĶ֡
ĻᣬӼĻڲ
үߡ
һ˵Ȼŷ˹ȥ
ҲǳҪ뿪
ڴʱڳˣֱӽץ˻
ʲô
һ㶣Ȼŭڣ쵰㾹ȻҲ֣ѵͲ֮Ĵս𣿡
ǩԼˣ֤ǹɱģûйϵڻЦʱˡ
ʵҿ岻ˬѾܾˣɱ㣬ҲǸѹĵǳһ˵꣬һֻ¡
ʵڵĶ֣˸Ͳһġ
屬飬ֱ
ɫǶһҪȥϾѾˣѾȫûбҪˡ
ŷȻӳȥģŷֻ֣طϣֱӽС
ɱ
ŷȣɱӿתޱȡ
ǼɱҪ
һжͽͣŷֶ޵Уѹͳ岻ˡ
˺岻ŷֻܱ
ûж೤ʱ䣬߰ĸ֣ȻֿûУ㱻ŷˣ֪ŷʵ׿µʲôز
ȵǹŷһ仰һûǾͳŲסˡ
ΰ£Ȼб
ھãԼʵȻŷ磬Ҳ̫Զڿ߹Լ
֮ˣ硣ڸ̾
ľҲһĨ̾ղžȻֵĻᶼûС
ֻгЩƵ˵һûжء
ˡ
ŷֱһһԴϣû˵ΪɱˣҿǸ㶼Ƕ֣ȹʱһȥҵĵ̣ҰΪ
ŷףԳӴʱı֣Ҫ𣬼ǲܵģԸһӣЩѡΪ̫ڣҪԱĻֻ취Ϊ
۾һ
һۣŷ绵ЦҿԷӡеΪͷʼÿߵ£ȵɳٲǸҹ
ҹǿǿļһ
̫ˡӼ˵
Ч𣿡ںľ˵
ɫ΢΢ЩȻл˵Ƿǳջǵ·ߵĲһЩ覴ãܹһµĻ϶ܹǿ
ŷҡͷ͵Ǻ飬Ǳһ޵ģǶѾߵ˼ޣҪ̫ˣȻһߣҲֻǵʱ䣬ûʲôãȱҪˣҲҪˣĴڡ
ĬȻŷ˵ĵȻֻǶھ׷ʿıܣȻǶףԲŻ⡣
侲Ҳ̾ԼЩ̰ˡ
ˣԼȥ˵޵Уǽ϶л߾磬ȻˣûбҪȥԼ·ȵ۷ʱȥЩ覴ðɡЦ˵


1381 ǿ
ľҲ뷨֮·Щ˵߸ͽҲһƣ۷壬ʱȥԼĵ
С覴ãΪʵϣÿҲߵ˼ޣ֮иղ뷨ҲҪһ¥
ֵʵδز޵Уһ·˭Ҳ˵׻ô֮£ʲôֻٻߣܹۣЩνδؾܹЦ󡣡ŷ˵
֮·Ҫ׳־ҲҪǫ飬еѣܹߺÿһߵľ硣
һζţ߲Զġ
ڵͷ΢΢һ鷳ˡ
иˣüһ˰ŷһЦ˵
ɱһʹ졣ӱ뺷˵
һ̣ŷһԴ棬ŷû˵ɱʵһ㣬û顣
ùŷ綼ֵˣǳܹԸģҪĸȥ˲ͻᱻɵ
ɱãҹһȴǶ𶯣һǿߣûнǣ棬
䡣һ
Ǹóȥˡŷ絭˵
ڿ˹ŷһۣüͷ˵֣ƴպǿߣѾҪˣȻЩڻʵǿߣҲ٣д֣ľȻδǵĶ֡
һ䶼£ԺôΪϵĻߣɱŷЦ˵Ե쳣⣬ޱȣ̤¥
Ҳ붯ȴŷһۣ׼ȥ
ɫҪ
ŷһۣһ˵ϴϱʱóʵˡһȻ뱨𣬵ǿŷɫ֪Լܸųȥˡ
ʱĹŷ磬һϣ˲ҷ
ְչһ³ӡŷ翴һۡ
ġ
ڵͷɫ档
ŷľһۣһͬ뿪ɫЩżǹŷûзһﻹǲΥŷġ
⣬ǿվվǰһ˱䣬ƣǧħоĤݣʥڣ䵽˼㡣
Χһ칷ǿߣɫɭС
һˣȻҲǿߣȻǻɫĤݣһʣޱȡ
ʱֶһϣ˸ܹǧ硣
ˣʹӣǿߣϢǺϻĸ֡ϻһ쳣µģȻǿߣҲ˵ʤ
âҫۣʮȴŷǵĳ֡
ŷɱиУ֪ŷˣ֪ɱڣȴûдƣϾǳǿһµȺǷǳġ
ΧҪ·ˣѾȫˣվԶԶģ±
ǿߣȫǷлеٮٮߣǱȥĻȻһҪ˺ķǡ
ЩʿȣһǿߣȻĿ´ڡȻ᲻壬Ļ㹥ǰǴΪ
һһŮӳ߳ɫƽϵǿߣ쳣ƽ͡
ԸˣЦ
̤ǰһȵŷ磬ɸҺһս
ԶΧ۵ȫɴ۾ŷ磬ȻˣȻģһǡ
вǿ¶޵ɫԷĳ˹
һۣͻȻ֣µĻϢȥǿը顣һЩǱ˻ȥǶԻŭĿӡ
ɱòǳ֡˵
ŭЩǿ񣬼ֱҪһ
ͲںѪǿޱȣΪﵽڵľ磬ǽڻʵǿߣ˭Ҳ˵
ǲںЩ˵ǺаԵϿɻΪͷ̫ˣûʲôԵĵط
̫Եúܶ˷ŭսѪϴģĵ񷶼ȾˣܶȺ٣żޡʱֻҪѣû뵽ǾȻ˰Ե
ǿ߽ŭֱҪһ
˭Ҳûٶ֣ղѾʶ˻ʵȷʵ֮ϣǸͲǶ֡
ƽ¶һĨмЦ㽫ĿٴͶ˹ŷϡ
˵ҲѪǰһսұն㡣Į˵ɱȻڹŷϡ


1382 ʵ
ŷӦϵϢһѪЩ⣬Ļ֮󣬹ŷ̲סЦ˳
֮£û˸˵Ȼܹնҡŷ翪ڣ񷣬޾ǶǳܲסϣҪ׹
־죬ŷָǿߣˣһս
ǻ䡢칷֮һһҪսԷˣ˶𾪡
ŷ̫ǿˣڻ˵ֱǳ谡
ԹŷӵˣʱоȻһøСղŻ̫ˣ˺ܶˣԿ˸ЩȻˡ
Թŷ˫û뵽Ҳһƻ֮Ǻϻ֮뽫ǷֿߵǸŮӳ֣ɱǣȻĻ䵭˵ͻһվϱǿߣȻǿƵģҲǳǣŷĻ֮󣬶ʱʲô뷨ˡ
ŷʼ磬ν˵㿴ˣȻĻһϰɡ

Ӿľ㶼ˣùŷʵ̫ˣҪ֪µǿߣһôǶ֡
˰ɡľ̲ס˵һۣ˵ϻ֣칷ң˽㡣
ʵϣľҪսˣ˶࣬ǵʵδؾл
ŷҡͷЦЦ˵㲻Ҫ֪ҵʵ𣿽Ҿ͸㣬ȻǰܹҵʵƳվÿŰɡ
ľ𾪵Уŷ˳ȥ
ڽУϢƵȻĻʣֿµϣѹʮ
ŷֻ֣ظ֣ȫС
䡣
棬ɱ⣬ȥû
ŭһ裬ŷһ˾ȻǼ˶ֱ֣̫ˡ
Ǻֻأֱӳ˳
ʱ򣬹ŷҲ嵽ǰ
ɱ
ŷȣָһѪ䣬ӵ¡칷֣ǿޱȡ
ԷɫٺˣһſŴǸ֣ŷѹȥ
ۡ
Ѫӿը飬Ǹ칷Ѫɳȥ
ŷɱǣΪɱ˹
һԿµջƣɱ⶯أȻùŷ綼ов
ɫأָ絶ȫ˻ƽɫնǸ档
ۡ
Ѫһ˿ڣǲû۶ϡ
ɫɫѿٴᣬϽ񷣬ڤɨ˹콣ն䣬
ŷЦ˫ӡ¾޾ħʬ£ս˻֮䶼ΪһƬѪɫ
䡣
ײˣ˫ȾѪɫ壬Źŷ磬޾ɱ
ɱ
һ򣬻ɱ˹
һֻѹ£Ѫڣǧ硣
ŷ粻Ҵ⣬ȻԻűʤİգǶԷϾһѪӴʵҲұ֤
ͬһֺֻ˹ȥ˵ײһ𶯣ͬʱˡŲȴЩȣȻ΢Щ硣
ɫ¶һĨţͬǻѪڹŷ磬ȴŷսǿ޷ܡ
ˡ
ŷЦûʱɱγһµɱ磬ŷС
ɱ֮УһƬ磬ɱݺᣬи򣬻ͨŷ繥
һ͵סǿߣҲܵµвһСľпܱɱС
¶ɫǾùŷˣǵɱסǽڻʵǿߣѳ
ľ㾪һ̲סҪȥ
ڴʱһЦȻɱдȻǸо˲ԣ̲סһҪӹ̡
ơ
ŷд˳籬飬ȫըɳȥϳһѪۣȻǸ
顣
ŷתһƽɱ칷ˣ˷
ǿ󣬿¡˶뷨ʱĹŷʵ̫ˣһ˴սǿߣȻ˿·硣
λҪ֣һɱ˵һµڣһ㣬ŷѹȥ
Ҳ˽гһѳǹоȻлߵϢɢһѻùŷüֱ
һ칷֣˫ӡȵ£ʱ䵹
һɿµڹŷϣȻڽǰƶ
ŷоԼڱɫһ䣬ıصͨ˵ʱɡ


1383 ߱ǹ
ƶ㵽֮ǰ£ҿ㻹ܹš칷Цɱ⡣
ŷɫ䣬ŶԷֱ֮Էɱ˹ȥ
칷ЦԼͨǳ˽⣬֪ŷֻ˼£ʱʵ̫ˡ
һֻᵯָҪɱŷ硣
ԣ㿪ͻȻɫ䣬
ڴʱŷеĹȫ⣬һѪһϵϢȻ˲˺ü
ʹǡ
Ѫʹǽڣŷ˲ʱ䣬Ϣǿ󣬿ֲ춼֮޷κãŷһֻ£ѹ칷ǿߵϡ
ۡ
ԷȻ˲䱬顣𣬱ŷɱ
칷̫ԼͨˣԲűŷҵᡣʵԹŷʵҪɱʵһǳ׵顣
Ͼ칷ܹͬУʵҲ١
һǿ߱ɱŷ񶼱ˣ̫ǿˣһ˶սǿߣܹɱ֣ȥ졣
ôʹǣŵľ
ŷ翴һԼ壬¶һɫ˵ԭǻʹǣұԥѪͣûиںһ𣬸ղʱ佫Ҵǰ£Уںһû뵽Ȼǿ󡣡
ŷĽֱͣĳ嶯ں˻Ѫͻʹǣŷʵˡ
Ƕһۣ֪ǲɱ˹ŷĻԺľûһˡ
ǿ߳ɱˣɱȻҪɱŷ硣
ʱһ㶼ûб
Ѫڣǹŷɱ˹ȥ
ǻƹ쳣¡ȻŷսףҲӲٶܣȻս
ҲɱĬޱȣּսŷ硣
ۡ
ŷˣһµ˿ڣһ顣
ŷ쳤Хһֶϻʩչ
ȫҽУǵѸٵȥŷһȫ飬ŷɱ
ۡ
ɱˣǹݺݵ˹ŷϡ
һѪ˺˳ȥսڣһθˡ
ŷһһ㣬е㳬ѰǿȻսսףȻܹЧķ
ɣ游ҵģΪĻǻҲǿų߱ǹ߶ɱʲôСɫг˵⡣
¶һĨЦݣˣһĻڻͣ
޵еĻıǻĴڣŷȻη塣
ȻлҲɱ㡣ŷЦ
ǾͿ¹˭ְɡЦ˹
ŷȣѪ͸ȫǻƽɫлߵϢתüһСһСħĤݡ
ŷ˳ȥĿȴǻ䡣
ɫ䣬û뵽ŷĿ꾹ȻԼҪѾˣֻ⡣
ɨ˹նƴϣǳըˣȫû
ɱ
ŷԶս߶ֻأ伤ս
˲佻ǧУԺˣһȻը
ɡŷ֣Ԫ񸲸Уӿֱ顣
һ죬䷢һЦһϣΪߵĴڣɱˣ˶оľ
ЩҪŷֵˣʱȴЩмˣǻסǣǵ³Ҳõȥ
ŷҲɣ߱ǹȻսս׵ס˲ܣʣµһЩܣùŷһķѣܵش
ȻԼҲû뵽һսȻ˲ҡ
һĻ壬ǻĻʵ̫ˡǻҲ޵еĴڵǷס
ŷ磬Ȼ޵ΣлѪͻʹܹôջҪҵСЦг˵⡣
ŷվӱ䣬ڻϣȻһСĴָ
ƣȻҪҾͳȫ㡣Цŷɱ˹ȥ
߱ǹתһƶܹѹǺӣһĴ綼ܲסǻϢ̫ڿֲˡ
ŷɫأûʹöսݻ̫ƣ𾪵УȻ߱ǹӭ˹ȥ
ŷ磬ҿǷˡ
ЦĵĿ˹ŷһۣɫг˲м
ҪӲ߱ǹȻǸոճΪߵһЩڶӲĻ϶ᱻش
Ȼһ飬ƿص߱ǹ˲游ʵǲȫ߶߱ǹġ


1384 Ըֹ
һȫǿȻǲ޿赲
תӭȥϵսս׷⣬ת߱ǹѹ
˾Уŷ˫֣߱ǹײһ𶯣Ѫʳվ߱ǹסˡ
תȻ߱ǹĻһ
һ飬޾ضˣûκζܹסĺ
˱ܣҲһЩ鱻ֱը飬ǻܣǿƵ˼㣬ûʲôԿġ
սս׷⣬зתŷ絲ס˰ٷ֮ʮѹ
޵УսսףŷԲܵסᱻ˲ɱ
ܡ¶ɫŵŹŷ磬Ȼס˻ⳬ֪
ûʲôǲܵģȻƿأвҡŷѪǻȴʮ㣬ɫĮڻϣһĨɭȻɱ⡣
ܣ㲻ܵסġŭٴδ߶ŷѹȥ
µϢתŷɫأתƿ
üطͬʱը飬ǹŷȴһֻشɱ⣬С
߱ǹ𶯣ֻأ쳣ǿƣֱŷɨȥ
ŷܣüһȥֱնɱȥ罣ڷֱӻлɳȥϳһµ˿ڡ
ɫĻѪ䣬һһȵС̫Ȼֱŷ¡
ŷ絯ָЩС̫ը飬쳤Х˷µһ𣬽С
߱ǹŷɢХһŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷܣӵлĻ޷ӲӴ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ㿪Լ򲻵ŷ磬ŭʵҲǹŷ磬ѪʹǣܹܺõسܻϣΪһ㣬ŷ޷߱ǹĹɱ
ͻùŷͷۡ
Ƿ߱ǹɱŷЦ˵дһĨ
ЦشҲףԼǷ߱ǹԲǹŷĶ֣ɵӣȻ
мսŷܣȻѰһ֣νشȴǴ򲻵ŷ磬ŭ
ŷЦһȻŴɱ޷Ӧ֣Ϲŷ粻߱ǹϵѹƣ߱ǹŷ磬ǷǳǵΪ
ȥ
ŷЦĻֻҪʱ죬ŷᷢɱ
ŷ缤սãͻȻԼܹʱĴ߶߱ǹϾⲻ
ֻҲпԣǲ߶߱ǹĻǹŷĶ֣пڵһʱ䱻ɱ
һֱʹ߱ǹҲɱ˹ŷ磬ǹŷҪɱҲǷǳ׵顣
ֹʣԼҲȴȴѶΪ֮
ļԽԽƵʣҲʼˣ󣬻꣬ܳʱܹһ
˶ǾһףҪסˣһֱ߶Ǹǿߣ˭ҲܲˣҲһ
ʱĽŲЩˣȻǿ춥סˡ
ŷȴóȻЦҪװˣҲѪжǿǱû˱ϵǲܵġ
˻һ˻Ȼѵǹһסӣʵܹסֻùŷϵչɱһ
ɫѿû뵽ԼĿľȻŷ翴ˣղŵһУù
뵽оһЦŷȻΪŷ磬˭Ҳɱ˶Էʹ˰սΣ
ٴˣȥҪΣˡ
ܣҪɱңҾͲܷ㡣ŷն쳣ǿơ
Ҫһ̬ǿߣŷԵˣʲô³ģԲ˶Է
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫Ҫ֪ɱңҲùҼȻлӦʲôӵĴڣɱңȷܹסһıŭ˵
ùŷе̫ˣԼҪֹսˣǹŷ绹ǲĵģŭ죬ֱҪҧŷһ
ǿ߼ɱҵʱô˵ͣսڼ򲻹ңҪͣսǿЦǸˣܹɱҵĻҲͲóˡŷ翴ĺЦͲġ
ɫ࣬ȻҲ׹ŷ˵һ㣬֪ԼղŵĻеˡ


1385 ֻƬ
ȻˣҲǷŭŷǿƣûһֳĸо
ΪѪǻߺᣬﾭЩҪ֪Ǹ߸ϣµġ
㲻ҪңлɱңҪǷŭĻֱɨƽ硣˵ŭˡ
ŷĲģ̼ĹǺ
ŷɫˣвһĸˡ
ڵĹŷ磬ļ磬Ȼκ𺦵磬κ˶С
ϧûɱҡЦм˵ⲻ˻ԶɱңȴԻٵ磬ŷһ°ɡ
˭˵ҵסŷ˵
ɫһ¶ɫŹŷ磬ɫ䱸˼㡣
ţѹĥһʱͽأڿûϵıҪˡŷĮ˵
ȡһȻֻƬ
ƽ棬ʲôĵطǹŷȴһָоǾֻƬһܹס
ûκԭ򣬾ǹŷеһֱԼֱԽֻƬ˳
ƾס߱ǹֱ̫ЦˣҿǷ˰ɣȥЦ˰죬ûпֻƬʲôĵطʱ¶ɫ
ڻУԼ߱ǹǽ޵еģϾǻַĿ£ԶԶԽһĻ
׳ա
ŷЦȻѶԷԽǴ⣬Խˡ
ɱ
Цһֱ߱ǹŷɱ˹ȥ
µĻ񷶼ˣڵĿռ䣬ȫûǻһֱ׼һУҪȵͷŷɱ
ŷȻϵҲѾ˼ʱۺԥĽһʩչˡ
춼ǻ߱ǹһУҪŷɱ
ŷЦֻƬԼͷ߱ǹĹֻ֮Ƭʼ˱仯
Ƭµ·һϸСɢȥƲۣס߱ǹĹ
ŷ綼û뵽ֻƬȻһز
ֻƬҲֻǵס߱ǹȴδ߱ǹҲ޷ѹֻƬ
ֻƬƿֲҪֻ֪һƬֻأֻأжŷ
ܡĲţǸ۵ĶȻס߱ǹҪ֪ǷһƬôµ߱ǹΪӦǾ޵еĲŶԡ
֪ŷеƬֻƬֻؿܹĴڣֻƬס߱ǹʲôҪȵ顣
ŷҲһʵҲǱƼˣȻԼֱҲڶġҪֻƬĲһŷˡ
ˡ
ŷЦֻƬŷڲټɵ߱ǹʼչ˷ǿ𶯣Էɱ˹ȥ
ɫѿҪ߱ǹ
Ǿʱ򡣻ȴȻķ֣߱ǹղˣֻƬ߱ǹԿǽ߱ǹסһ
һĻŷЦˣǻȴһˡ
û߱ǹ͵סŷ硣˹ŷһۣͻȻһ˶۾飬תȥһԶӴܡ
ʹŷ綼û뵽ԷҪˣȻתˡҪ׷ȥѾǲܵˣٶȲʱѾ֪ӵȥˡ
ӱ㡣ŷ翪ڡ
ڴʱ߱ǹ𶯣µȻֻƬ˳ȥ߱ǹһ⣬ʧ˵ǰ
ŷһʱף߱ǹԲǱջȥģǱ߱ǹԭջȥġ
һȻԷûԼ֣ɻɱȻҲǶ˵뵽ŷһ
Щ˶̫ˣȻ˿Ĵ⡣
ǼһˡŷصſڣЩƵ˵
˹ŷһۣľ̲ס̾㻹Ҫ֪սǴ˳ȥ綼𾪣պһͷܲˡ
ô𣿡ŷЦʵ
Сľͷùŷ綼Щ˼һЩ졣
ŷӡľЦáһﵽĻǼٵģȻһɬӣ׵⽹۵ġ
ˣҪ˵￴ˣǽȥɡŷɨЩʿһֲۣ˶һĨ⡣
ŷȻЩȴҲͬʱЩΪУҪ뿪صС
ľȻҲһ㣬˵ͷ߽ǡ


1386 
ʵϹŷˣЩ˿ŷı뺷սҪҹŷ鷳ء
磬̫ˡŹŷ磬۾ðСˣ˵ҪһŮˣ϶ϲġ
ŷһµĳ嶯ֱһƳȥӳԶȻŷصǸ¥˵־õˡ
ܹĿһսǵٳʱҲֵõġЦ˵
ŷҲ¶һĨЦݣû˵
֣Ҷǵȥʲôطǹŷĵ顣
һǵʵ޷ĵطܲǽ룬ܻᷢʲôΣҲ˵ء
硣
˵һ˵ŷľ㶼ãȻӣʵǸû˵ֵط
ֻг¶һȻ˵ӣȻѾµˡ
ʲôطŷʵ
ĸأǿߵĹޣܶǿߣУ粻󣬵еʵȴ˿Ͻ硣ڽ͡
Ͻ綼ǿߵĹޣھȻֳһ磬ȻϽУǿߵĹޣطж£ŷǲ
һ飬пûϹŴ֮µĴڣΪϹŴ񣬵սһҪﵽǸطһЩǿƵ֮⣬ΣյķΪϵ͵һЩʿٴ˵
ŷ¶ȵɫطҲ̫̬˰ɣҪϹŴսܹ룬ȻϽ綼޷ȡ
ν롣ŷʵ
ȻΣգǹǶڻ磬ŷǿ϶Ҫȥǵġ
ĴҪȥʵ
ŷͷľҲ˿϶Ĵ𰸣ֻгӿɥ˵ҿ˵𣿡
ԡŷЦ˵¶һĨĵɫŷ˵Ҫ˶ã϶飬ʱǻôǺǡ
ŷû˵ʲôӵĽŸӿ£Ӷһ£ɥŹŷ磬˵磬һҪҡҺһȥ
ôˡŷ絭ʵ
ͬҪͬѨһϵ˵
áŷˡ
ദǢ¶һĨĽɫ̾Ϣ˵ŽֵܰĽ
һֵܣͬʱ˵
ȻǶһۣԷеЦݡĽŷ統ˣ֪ŷԼãһĺãϾϲûʲôǹŷҪ̰ͼġ
֣ȵһϣٳΣЦ˵
ãҲҪʶһ´˵е壬סһʲôӵĵطһǳɡŷЦ˵
ŷĻ΢΢鴤һ£û˵ֻ΢΢Щա
ɡ˵ǰ·ŷǶЩ˷ܣҪʶһ´˵õ塣
פصʱ̲סĿɿڴкõȫһһ㶼ɣɣ˵ǳ䡣
зǳĴɽһЩɽƽһЩéݣפأȻЩéݿǷƷ˿ΣҲ޷ȥ˺ǿϵһ
ȿȣ˼ªλЦˡɫͨ죬Ȼ̫ںЩԼеĵطҲȷʵе̫ˡ
һȺȺǿӭ˹еǸղģҲһЩסŷŷ֣νֻǧˣȫڳǰĳԱкüˡ
Ȼһ˵Ⲣ̫ȴһÿһԱţһµĸЩ˽źܴĻᣬΪǿߡ
ʵڹŷǰǿߣ쳣ˡ
ԭѾ׻Ƶ֮еŷ磬ɸղŵˡ֪ŷ֮¶һĨȵɫŷǸ˵Լ˹ŷ硣
ı֣ȻκΰǰǸӣŷҲһϽ֣˵峤ˣŷŴţӦǹŷʧ˲Ŷԡ
˿һٴνĿתƵľɫ̾˶벻޵еǿ߹ȻһŮǴȥ綼𾪰
峤ˣʵľûеôľǫ˵
ЩˣҲĶˣǹŷ绹ǹ˵ǴĴȻĽˣҲκΰ
֮Уܹ͹ŷǱȼˣ޼


1387 ǿ
ŷͣѯĵƣͬʱ˵Ҫȥ硣
ǸطΣգųȥˣΪһ壬һǿͶЩ⣬ǽԼ֪Լ飬˹ŷˡ
һµ磬Իĳ֣Ͻ֮ǰ繵ͨ磬ÿŽ綼н·
ŷǾȣҲ̫ţ˰ɣΪֻϽܹ硣
ȥ˵Ļҵǿ԰һСæǿȥҴħ޵ҵѣҲ԰һ¡˵
ŷǶʱһϲбǿ߰æǾͻ᷽ܶࡣ
л峤ŷл
Ҷѣɱô֣ǧҪСıڻУҲǿפءѵ
ŷһȻǿڻжûפصˣȴУʵֱ̫ˡ
֪ˡŷǳ
Ʊյ˺ܶơŷ˳ʱɺڵ۾ðˡ
þơ
ǳһڣֻ˵Ļ
ʦǺǿߣĺơŷΪ˽͡
ɺڶݣŷʦǺεĴڰĺƣʹǶЩ̿֡
л˵ɫ֣ء
һƣȵʱ䲻ΪŷҪ·ˡ
óԼһôħŹŷġһ񣬿֮ͨ󣬹ŷȴܹܵ
ŷ綯ãһ䱦
̫ˡľ˵
񣬹ŷһ֪ʲôģһһ飬Ҳ˿ȵ
һ䱦һǿߣвĺ󱲣һ񣬿̥ǡ
ͳȥȻǽڻʵǿ߶Ҫݡ
صǹأáЦ˵ɫЩ⡣ֶҲǶЩͨʿá壬Ȼò
ŷȴ룬ȷʵûôóȥҪǿ߽ܹľ䱦
뵽ŷһ֣˵ƣл
ǽ֮ˣֻ˵һ仰ɵ¶һĨЦݣȻԹŷ֪Ȥо⡣
֪Լ壬ʧĽύ˹ŷ硣ҪļһҪǿ۷壬ʱһѣȻܹӰʢĴȥ
ûйʲôưԵҰģֻҪУһֱڱԡ
ŷ뿪̾ϢѪǿ󣬶Ǻһսлܹսʤ֮
Լһۣ΢΢ԥһ£Ȼ˵һ㶼ûУұذܡ
ɵͷ⣬еοԼĶܹԴ󣬿һУȻһ¡
߲Ҫ׳־ҪܹԼʵܹӺõΪǿߡ
ŷ뿪߳ǣȴо׷٣ľһۣԷеЦ
ɡͣһҰŷתȵ
˳ǻԵ쳣¡
˭ŷʵ
ǿҪ㹷֮еǸ˵ɫ߰ȻûнŷС
粻Ǿ˵߹˶ܽŷô˭ǵţгֵģľЦ
ԭǾһˣŷЦˣֻЦЩ䡣
ߣһļһλǿ߻ţŴڣˣѾˣǿһˡǿƵ˼㣬ӹŷǡ
֪˭ľЩʵ
ǿһûнľУľĻȴһֲõԤУˣҲеô򵥡
Ǻˣ
ǿеһʵ
ľ˵Լ֡
ʱǿɫˣתܡ
磬Ȼ֣ҲǶ֡
һ߲ˡľ㿪ڣǧ֦أС
ǿҪȥ
ľЦ֦⣬һѰ콣һ㣬¡
һ̣ǿȫһǿȫ˺ѡ
ǿʹȫɱ
ľ̫ǿˡӸ̾
ֱµһŮŷҲ̾
۷徳ģȻսͨվ۷ǿߣľУȴһȫɱʵ̫ˡ
ŷãԼ֮ǰҲСľ㣬ʵеĸ


1388 
ڳЦǰʲôľƲƲ졣
ҿֵһŴҲ˵
Ҫ磬ֻһ˵ŷЦе˵
ֱͶһӵһ˰ɡ
ʱĶˡŷһսɱ䣬ͬʱսлĻһϢġ
һЩ壬һɱڣȻ֪ŷǹսĺˡսĴɱķѪȾ˲죬ܶгޣʱģЩȻŹ
ǿɱŷȥˡϢ嶯ˣǿߺգսɱ𶯰ġ
ŷǲ˲Զоԡ
鷳ˡŷüͷ˵
ڤڤ֮ɱǣеһЩ嶯ˡӿڣΪȻߣҲܵЩɱ⡣
Ϊˣ֪ս֮ĶԹģЩ֪ŷݣǱȻġ
ڸľ㿴˹ŷһۣѯ
ɱ
ŷ˵ɱ졣
䡣һ˵
һ̣ľһԴ棬ʱһۣһա
Ҫ˵˵ǿߣĵ壬ΧסĻ˭ˣϾǵ̫ˡľһ㶼嶯ǳѡ
ʵǵҲ٣еЩ壬е⣬ҪɱҵĵˣվֻǵˣܻɸΪ񲯣Ҳ˱ܡŷ˵뷨
˾ǵˣܹĻŷ粻š
٣ľɫɻ
һЩѣǼҴɱķŷ˵
ľ۾һŷѣȻҲԶɡҲھ˽ʱһȺǿǸ£ǿߣǿƵ˼㡣
ǽģһˣ治١
ֻҪ߲ǶǿߣǶܹһս
ֳĶˣǳ˻߾Ͳˡľе㵣ġ
ڴʱһӰڲԶһһǵĶУĳ֣κλǼϼһǽס
ڤʦŷ۾һ
ߡľҲˣܹܵϢ˻ߣûô¡
˶һۣԷеϲ⣬лߵı֤ǿ޼ɵĳ֡ľȫվڹŷһûʲôԭ򣬾Ϊŷҵ˸ףѾ֮ˡ
ͨǰŷЦ
ӺľһۣǷ·𿴵˲úδ֮Ѫ죬޾ǿ䣬Ϊݹǡ
ŷУƽѪǳ𣬻һǳ˫ֽӡһģУû֮ڡ
ΣŷͻȻ۾һλѣϽ֮ɱС
˲䣬֮еĺܶطȫµ
ҪɱһҺڴҰħ˷·ɱǰ
ɱϢޱ飬˺ѿռǰϽ硣
һſǳգţڤǶֱӽġ
ʽϽӰС
ֹǣһЩҲˣ죬ҲЩĬĬţʱʼ𣬾硣
һϽɫ磬һȺˣϴŹϵļУ޾£һ̤硣
壬һˡ
Ǽǿ󣬶Ǳˣʱڻع磬档
ŷ磬Ѫõúܣȥɱˡһ꣬ϹŴһ죬ȴܹаԱ
ǡ
һִ߳սì뿪硣
ͭ磬ħҲǿ߶ǵ磬ɱġ
֮Уһӣɫƽȴżһȥ̲סľս
;󣬱ϹϾ
ǿ߽ģĻԣǿ֮ͬ꣬ʤֻյܹЦ󣬵ٻλܹһ޵УΪ
ԻͣȴҪѪ̾ͣһȾѪʢ磬׺һ財
ʱŷѾһǻһǿߣס˹ŷȥ·ɱȻɫ
սֱӱû̫ԣһȫ۷壬ǿ쳣֣ס˹ŷľ㡣
˵ɫˣȻû뵽ŷô
סǣһԮˡǴ𣬷Բǧ𶯡
ߵùŷһ
ߡ
ŷûս˳֣ˣʧڳӣѾŷʱЩС¶棬һ˶ˣʵֻ·һ


1389 ӱ
һ˲䣬ʮ˹ǿ˻һһۣȻ˵һ䣺׷
ŷ뿪ķ׷ȥ뿪󲻾ãղżսĲԶŷľ֣˶һۣԷеء
˸Ӧ鷳ȴû뵽Ȼôǿ߳żսһᣬʮϹһ㽫Χס
ǻоΧӦûǿߣղûüϹ
Ҿô˺𣿡ŷЩơ
㳤̫˧ˣԱ˼㡣ľЦ
ŷȴǺĵͷʵҲġ
ľ㣺
ܹŷ˧˧ǲͣˣǱгȥȴһɽǰ˶סˡ
ǹŷ硣һЩ꣬Ϊ磬ŴˣһЦ
Ҳǡŷֱҡͷ
Ǹһ㶣Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ޳ܣؼʱԼݶϡʵΪǿߣԼĽǹŷ
ģˡŷͻȻһ䣬ȴ¶һĨϲɫ
ɫ΢䣬ʶתͷ
ڴʱŷ籬ˣͨ廯˻ƽɫһȭֻظ֣ϡ
ۡ
һѪϸֳһɫսףתſµϢȻŷĹס˴롣
ŷһȴ˿飬ɱ꣬ҪԷɱ
ߡ
ŭһתӡ
״̬ǹŷĶ֣Ǳסп䡣ǶһۣԷеĻ֣֮̿ǰսУѾŷƵˡ
ˣȴľ£ֱӱ˺飬ѪȾء
ߡŷľ㣬뿪
ղǸ겻ǱŵˣһӦ϶뿪׷Ͼôˣ׷Ѱŷ磬ֻҪסŷһᣬŷǱҪĶˡ
Ȼڹŷ뿪֮һ̣ǸصӦŷǵϢʱɫѿ˼㡣
쳤Хɽ𶯣ϵǳը飬ܲסϡɫ࣬˵һ裬
£ŷ̫ƻˣǶϵˡҲʱɫҲÿ
Ȼ֪Լһε˶ˡ
ߣ飬˭׼ȥȻĻٺ١˵ʱôһݣϽͷ
һСǳУŷľǸͷ棬ڸסеϢҡڵĳڳǳС
ղ̫޳ˣǸҪˡľЦ
ŷ羪ȣ֪϶һȻĻľ㲻ʶܹľʶģҲֻѡ
һãмǿھСʵĳƺ츳ˣ֮ͬоԵ޵СľЦ˵
ŷƲƲ죬ЦǸСӣԵ޵Уҿһϲġ
Ȼŷܿ϶Է
ľЦҲ֪νͬ޵УڹŷһЦûм˭ܹǹŷ̬ء
¥þûгԺõĺȺõˣǽȥŷ翴¥֮۾һ
ľҲͬ⣬ȻǹǸϲ˵
ŷ˽¥֮󣬷ＸҪԱˣһȺʿ̸۵أһòʹ졣
ֱ˶¥ȻЩһ
һ¥ʿΪǺܸߣ߶ѣŷܹܵ¥ϢǱȽǿٶϹŴ񾳽硣
ȻҲ̸ۣ󣬶ﾭʶȻвʶ
ŷ˽ʱһȺ˵Ŀⶼǵϡŷ΢һϢЩĿⶢ˶һݣϽĿתƿˡ
Ƕʱףǰ˲ǡ
СǰŷҪһЩƲˣ
Ȼ˶ŷסҲ۾ֱתˣľʱЩһĨɫ
ǿʿûĻǱ˾͸Ӧó֡
ľҲܵЩ˵Ŀ⣬üͷ壬ЩһۣɫЩá
СӺϬ񰡡һ¶ḡЦݣ˵һ䣬һ˫۾޼ɵľϴš
СӳҲǲ֮ˣǣҪܹλ˯һȥҲֵˡһ˽˻һϹŴʿʱȴľ㡣
ȥɡһĮֻһղ˵ǸϹŴֱӱ룬Ԫ񶼱նɱˡ


1390 ѩսҰħ
˶һһɱһϹŴ˵ʵ̫ˡ
һźӣ߸һȺˣȻΪġ
ľ㿴һۣû˵
ʵϸղ˲ֵĻҲ㶯ˡ

ӢΪŮͷС˵вŻеŶΰ̫ˡŷ羪̾
˹ŷһۣľû˵
ǸӣѩɫӣȻֻɱǸϹŴ񣬵ȴûкľ׽һߡ
һվ˳ֱӳ֣ƬѪ棬ʱеѪȫĥ
ڳ˶ΪǿʿǴʱȴҲɵӵ񣬴һĨ塣
ʵǿľ㴫
Ӧܹҹࡣŷ翴һۣЦ˵
ҹһļһ˵ʵҹ£ȴڹŷǵС
ŷˣǳԽҹǿߡ
ѩ񡣡С˵˵
ŷһѩ׷ɱǵһ֣ѩ磬ʵǳǿû뵽ǾȻˣѩӣȻûнϳ
˵ѩһҰħǿԼս֮쵶һۣˡʿ̸ۡ
ҰħǹŷѣŷٻģɱķѾɱ˲ٹŷĵ֡
ѩҰħҪΣˣѩѩ֮޵УĴڣˣҰħ벻Ƕ֡
ʹˣŷѶǸ֣ҰħϽħذħĴˣȻѩҲδظ˵ܹսʤ
Щʿ̸ۣȻᵽҰħ
ҰħѣʵΣľʵ
ģһ֮£ֻ֮ϣֻѩǱҰħܵĻЩʹӾԻ֣˵Ұħ϶˵Ķ֡ŷЦ˵
õЩ𣿡ľ㿴˹ŷһۡ
ŷͷЦ˵ѩҪ˶ãͻˡ
̨ɱ⣿ѩͻȻתŷ翴˹
ŷûκξȣ˵϶Ǹоˡ
ղ¶һɱ⣬ֻû뵽ԷȻô޵ɱⶼܹо
ҵǲԼӦˣҲǵˡѩվܶҲ֪ҪѪ¼ˡ
ͬŹŷľ㣬ˡϾֻϹŴȻҲѩһȺ˵Ķ֡
Ҫ֣ÿһºҲ򲻹ңһСƨƨġŷ٩˵
ѩɫһŭˡӳڣ߸ϣʲôʱӵ٩
ɱ綼Ҫˡ
˶ߣɫȻһЩΪȽϵ͵ˣѾѪȻܵش
ŷľɫ䣬ǵΧûܵӰ졣
ѩɫ΢΢һܹӰˣҲӦսҪǿ
֪ǰˣܲԼҪǳֵĻδܹռˡ
ܵŷɱ⣬ȻԸŹԷڵˣѩǽԷɱƬײΪֹ
ѩڸʲôڴʱһһ˳֣ڷ趯һɿµɱ⡣
Ұħڳˣĳ֣˶·һɱУԼΧ·Ǻɱľ
ЩʿȫԶԶȥּ棬Բܹ󼰵ģǱȥһҪΣˡ
ҰħˡѩϢһգĿתƵҰħϡ
Ұħͷ˵ȡ㹷
ĻѩӸˣЦ˵Ȼ͹ŷһ֮ѣ˿Դ󣬼ȻˣҾɱ㣬ȵǸŷʱٽɱڻȪ·и顣
ҰħЦЦ̲סЦɱ˸ҰħЦŷʵǿʮȻҺܲһ㣬ƾķϲģҲɱֱһЦ
Ҿɱ㡣ѩŭ
Ұħ֣µĹ⣬쵶һ䡣
ѩִ̧֣һϢĽĿ飬Ҳڲǳܲסһ㡣
ѩ񵱼ɫѾҰħĹǿˣȴû뵽ԷȻһֵʱ򣬱ռϷ硣
ˡҰħ˵
һֻǿƵĴֱ̤ѩͷȥ
쵰ѩŭԷȻһ衣
˫ֽҫۣϢ˲㽫ǳضˡ


1391 ֵܳ
Һóǳе飬һˣǼ˸տʼҪսʱ򣬱Ѿȫȥ
ڳǳеģֻйŷˣѩļӡǶǳǿԸͲನ
Ұħѩϼս޾ɱӿҪһ㡣
ѩ֣ҫۣ໥սµ𶯣ϵ̫Ȼʧɫ
ֻʵ൱üޱȡ
ҰħҪռһϷ磬ǿƣ޾ɱ籡С
ۡ
ѩҰħһ첲նҰħҲֱ֣ӽ롣ѩԪܵ˴ˣһ㱻Ұħ˺ѡ
ǻվʲô֡ѩͻȻ·
ǼγѣǾҪɹȥ
ڴʱŷˣֱʩչֻأǼ
ľ㻯ǧ֦ȥ˺ѡֻؾ춯أɱ⣬û
Щ߰ǿߣһˣ۷˵͵Ϯ£ȴֱӸĲˡ
ʲôѩŭû뵽ŷ˻֡
㡣ҰħЦ
ҡŷԻʵݣʱѩɫ䣬ԥҰħ𿪣תӡ
ľЦǧ֦أʱѩС
ѩľķͳȥľ㹥ѪɫȻżˣ֪Լ鷳ˡ
ŷ磬ΪѩʺˣɱңȻûк³ѩ˵ɫЩ֡
ŷһ仰û˵ֱӳ֣ѪѩѹСŷüĵ罣ɳն˹ȥ
ѩֱӱɱһֿضûС
ҰħһҲܹһᣬ֮Թŷ磬ȴ͵סһɱ
ʵϣҲһǿߡ
ߡɱѩ񣬹ŷ翴ҰħһۣϽ˵
Укܶǿ߸ǲߵĻǾΣˡ
Ұħȴҡͷ˵ˣЩ˽һˡ
ŷһĿҰħҰħͷŷ۾ʱҰħ׼оԵİգЩȫŷȻҰħ
һʮоǽĿͶŷ磬һĨɱ⡣
ŷ磬һҿҪߡһ𣬻֣ŷг˺⡣
ͬѪȴŷǱӣˣһֳ裬˵һ޷ǡ
ǰĶӵˡŷЦ
ɫ࣬۾жҪˣŹŷ磬ڲ
һʮǵ𣿡ҰħͻȻʵ
֪㣬ҰħȻǹŷѣǹģﲻߣѵΪˣܹɱǶʮǿߡ칷ǿߣһΧɱŷǸ칷ǿֻǿʱڣɫ̣ùŷǻз
Ȼеٮٮߣô˵ΧȻҲӳȥġ
ʮһ֣졣
Ǿû𣿡ҰħЦˣЦķǳ̡
ǺȻУӰ֡
ۡɱڡڤԯݺᡢšţǡǶˣŶʮɫдһĨϷʡ
ûǳԾǸû뵽ŷǾȻ
Ҫ֪ģٷ֮ʮŵĶҪɱŷģЩ˾Ȼ޷
λֵܣлˡŷЦ
ֵܻҪ˵ôƨְɣɵЩӡţǹЦһ֣췱ѹս
˶֣ǶǿĴڣȻЩ٣Ǵʱ֣ȴռ˾ԵϷ硣
ֵҲˡʽ𣬽Ǹ˹
ǡ
ʺͽ֣ɱ
ôǿߣɫѿЩǿߣǸûʤĿܡҪ֪ЩˣǿĴڣô˾ۼһʵ̫ˡ
һսջ˳ȥҲܣɱˣ˵˴ԴҪˣҪܳʱˡ
ˣȫɱѪȾء
ԶȺʿһĻ¶Ծɫ˭Ҳû뵽һôǿߣһʮȫɱˡ
лֵԮ֡ŷǵл
ģ˵ֵˣлƨܲүһ㡣ţ˹֡
ŷֱһһƨ棬߷ɶԶǳСƨ˭˵໰ġ
ϴ쵰Сƨ𣿡ţǵĲҽд˴Ц


1392 ˵
һȺֵȫۼһҲκιˡ
ŷһȺˣ˻ߣĻܹߡһȺ磬û˭ܹסġ
ЩѰҹŷ磬ҪɱˣȫϢģʲôЦȥȫ
ȻԼʵŷǶµģҲҳ֣Ҫġ
磬Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ϽֳĶǷˡţ˵
Ϊ밡Ҷˣô쵰׷ɱ֪жơŷƵ˵
뵽Щ첻ͣЩ
ʵǿǶԷ̫ˣľʵǱΧסɡ
⵹ҲǣһϽ磬ҪЩҪǴ󲿷ԶϢڤһɱ⡣
ĻںĺܶǿĹŽΪˣ²ðɣüͷ˵
ɱǣܹΪ𣿡ţǷʵ
һ̣ŷһŽ˳ȥŷ绢û˵ٸҸ˵໰ҴСӵȡ
ţڨڨһЦС첻µز£¹ŷ硣
ŷˣֱӱͣڡ
ģҪǳǰ֪ҽĺ󱲴ֻļһ֪᲻ңȽһ̺ðɡŷа뵽
һţǣΪ˵໰Ҫǹŷ絣һѧһƦǳҹŷ鷳
ԹŷڵļʶȻΪǳľʵһѾڻʣѾɻˡ
ŷɲһ׷Լƨɺ棬ԼԭֻӰ˵໰
һ˵ĲЩǲܷŹڲɱȥ˵ΪǿƣʱѾﵽ죬ƣµ˼㡣
У˹ŷ֮⣬ʵǿˡŷһָоʱԼǺһսδܹѹƶԷ
ͬ⡣ҰħһЦ
ҿɲϰ߱ɱϣ֣ȥնɱЩ쵰˶ͬ
֮ͨ󣬹ŷڶˡ
ǿʼѰҾԼЩˣһŽ֡תߣһԥУǵٶٿ죬ҲȲϹŷЩŷǽЩ˰Χȫɱ
һ̣ǳĵط
ŷ֮ͬɫҪѾǿߣŷǻɱ
һʱ䣬ʮ·ŷɱĶˣ˭Ҳû뵽ŷǾȻǿƣɱʮ·
һȺ֣˭˸սֻҪϵĻϾǱĽ֡
һԶ˳ģ˻ԼȺУȻǽŷǣ¶һ⡣
ŷǺģֱҲҲЩ׷ɱŷΪֹ
ʱ䣬ϰɱĸŷĨɱˣڸ˵һ־޴ʧ
ǲںȴһǽɳΪ޵еĴڣȴɱҪһҪķ̫Ѫˡ
ŷǰ칦磬һɽͷ񻶣ǳ̸˵أòʹ졣
ѾˣҪɢˡɱ̾Ϣ
޲ɢϯҲ̫⣬Ƕǲʱءŷ翴ĺܿЦ˵
ɱȴҡͷ·ϣ̫Σˣ˭Ҳ֪һ֮󣬻ܲټĲһʱĻ߶ȫˣЩˣ϶ѡ
ΪԽߣԽ֪ԼС
ŷɱ飬ǵͷЩء
һƬأûв࣬Ҿʹһ࣬һŷͻȻڣϣ춯ء
Ҫľһûвʹһ࣬˵ĺãұʿӦһ͵һ˳֣ùŷǶһ
˳֮ǰǸûйκθо
ȻһʵԶԶ֮ϵĴڡɱ¶䱸ɫһˡ
ŷ翴һۣӻóһ˹ȥǰҲһ֮ˣһǾˡ
Ҫѣһ¡
ŷ翴һۣЦ𣿡
УȻԣѣһˡӴЦ˵Լ֣񣬾Ȼͻһ¡
ŷȴûж룬һĶأҲһйϵ
񽫾ƺ򿪣˼ڣ̲סЦʹ졣


1393 ǿ
ƣŷȴһ㶼⣬ľƣȻúȡ
ȻǰúãЩ͸ǰŷ˵ӻͳ̳ƣȫӸ˻
ݣһмʶˣȻܹо֮У̺ŴԾǴ֮ȻǶá
Ǿ䣬ŷͳһѾˣȴͳô࣬Ȼеܳĸо
ʦ죬νˣǰô˾ơŷЦ˵
СӲϲЦɨһۣȻЦ˵ȻˣҾллˣԵټ
һ̤ϢʧͬղųһʹŷڸӦȻûиӦ뿪ǶһۣԷе𾪡
һڻʵǿߣһʡ
ŷɫƽкˣҼȾơ
ԯݺǷе𺳣ǼȾơ
𶯣ǵ۹ⶼģ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼһǿȫսܣŷǻɱ˺ܶˡ
һȺǿߺģɨƽе֡
ʶŷǿѾ𣬳ǻ֣߳ȻĨɱ߲ʲôԭд˵ŷаʦǻߣǸߵסеĻߡ
֪վڹŷĻߣֹһ
䡣
һ¡
ɫᣬϵķΣӹŷǡ
ŷ΢΢ݣһȺ˶ǳǿ󣬽ϹŴ񾳽磬һս£Ϊ׵һΪ磬ȻԯݺǶһѹ
ҪǵƣΨҶİԵ˾
ĸǹŷ磿һǿߺһ죬Ƽʢһ˫Ͻ˸˿µɱ⡣
ŷһھƣ˵ǣʲôˣ
ɣǰȡԷڣ𶯡
һЩǿԶԶع۲ߵĶʱɫ䡣;һлĿ壬Ȼٴγˡ
عˣŷüͷһ壬ͻȻһֻץ˹ȥ
ӣŭȵ
սìֱӶ˹ȥŷȥ
µһϣϢ˵˼㡣

ŷһδȻԷסˣȻɵսìѣҲ㹻ˡһ죬˿ǿ֮⣬һܹסŷһ
Ȼŷ̾
ٴγԷѹȥ
ɴпµħӰۣ£˷·𻯳һħŷĴɡ
ħӰХ˸Ͻɫ⣬µƣһӻڹŷϣҪŷֻٵ
һס˲䱻ɱ
ǹŷȴ޾壬ֱһһƽⱬħӰ飬ɳ֣ԡѪȻĶŹŷ磬Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼز
ˡ
ɵ¾ȫͦսìŷɱ˹
ڤɫһ䣬ҪǰΪŷ絲סЩˡŷȴ֣һָֻ£ֱ˳ȥ
Щıʿȫ˳ȥը飬ϽɫѪ鲼أȫ
תӣҪŷĿ¸УŷʵѾܹвԼˡ
߲ˣɡŷֱӽضգץ˻ȻֱԪԷʶ
һ̣Ԫ˳Ȼ罣ɳһɱԷʶнƣһǿͻԱʶ
ȻˣŷҲõԼҪϢعˣصİ磬ǿоµҰġ
ŷ罫Ϣ˵֮壬µ壬ȻĻع鵽֮С
ǿؽҪˣҲҪս죬Ž綼Ҫȥ
ʱҲ˵һëȻĻиоЩĵۣѾҵ˹·֮󣬱Ҫع顣
仰һ˵ߣͻͬǿĴڣǾȻҲҪعˣ֪ǻع֮󣬱ȻҪͻսֲεĴսǾ̫ˡ
һҲһ˭ܹϣܹ۷壬Ӳã˼䣬ȻˣҲδؾܹ࣬۷ǿҲҪսʵĶԾ˭ʤˣĻЩ֮µ顣ڤ˵
ҪʱڣΪʣʱܹԼˣΪԼ׽˵棬һƬءţСҲѵõ
ŷȴЦ˵ҲôۣȻ£ûǿߣİɣ㹻ʱȥɳ
оһ׹ŷ˼ˡŷлߣֹܻܿһǶһۣԷе˷ܡ
˵Ҫıʱ䣬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ܹɳһµľ硣


1394 ɱ
˳շ롣ŷľ뿪ҪԼ硣
ӣˣڹŷСܣţǵǺȤóӳƺΪ硣
ȻԸ⣬Ȼ󣬵ǾԲţС
ţǵǿֶ֮£ףһ˵ʲôûôȭͷһУջţǵ档
ɡŷתһ˹ȥ
߳ɫƽȫûбֵĲ˼
һ·Ͼ͸о˸ңû뵽һʲô𣿡ŷʵЩɻ󣬿۵ӣҪ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ˵Ҹ㡣
Ϊʲôŷʵ
֮һȥɱһˡһ⡣
ŷһȻ̲סʵ
۵ͷ˵Ҫɱңһֱҵ䣬Ҷ˼ΣܹоΪѾﵽһؼĵزֻҪɱңܹΪߡ
ɻʣŷ絹һ۵˼ˣǱȻҪɱģûãϾȻ󣬵һڻʵҪһ˵ĻǺѶܵġ
ּǿߣһץ١
۱ܹļѰѾǷǳ˲ˡ
ǵʵɱЩѶȡŷüͷ˵
ԴһڻʵǿߣΪսֱ׷ϽһħҪɱˣʵ̫ˡ
׼Ȼǻ֣߳Ҳһܹɹ
֪֪һڴ漣ˣһ˻磬ʲôԵݸϽռΪУֻҪľһС̨ףǱɱĻᡣ˵
ŷӣҲ̫Լˡŷ˼ţǲǿһЩˡڤ֣ȻҲ߰ɣ
ǿ˹ŷ뷨˵ҪԼֱ𡣡
ŷ̲ס˵֪꣬ΪˣһΪȥأðɣ˭ҽһѣһ֮ȥɱ
˹ŷһۣ֪һǹ˵ġ
ôµԹޣ۶˺֮⣬ʲôʣˡ
ҵһѣһ޲ýԼĸ׸ɵҾǿԳΪѡŷһ뵽޼
ˣԼ޼һæأ޼˵ùŷ֮ɱס
뵽ŷ̲סЦԼϵɱˡ
û˵ֻ˸
ŷһﲻ˵Ҳû˼ͷǰϹȥ˵Щ磬ȽԼĶӾ˲źá
ŷĴŵʱӶһɳˡ
еȫһⲻŻһǣҿǸŸӣ·һҪһ
ȷϽǿߵչޣɫŹ֡
ǰȷڲǺȷˣ꣬ţҴһ˰ɣŷЩ˵
Ļ䣬һЩ𣺡ӣŻȻǻˣҲδֺܹƾ㻹봵㽫Żٵڶ𣿡
һȺ˽٣Ϊ׵һġ
תһµ⣬Ǹֱӱŵһֱһƨ˵ϡ
Լĸףûм˵Ŀء
Щ˶ס꣬۵Ŀ˾衣
ŷЦ˵Сӣ˵һ϶Ǵľŵģһڽ㴵飬뻹ܹġ
Ǹɫ۵ĿȻ֪ǰ˲ǡŷȻһӵӣȻ֮ͷģ˵ŷܱ۶Ҫ¡
ʶһ㣬ﻹҴ
ȻͷС֪иͷ˴ڡЩǲںʲôģȻɱıδܹ˼ô
ȵŷ˽Ż֮վ
үǽ˻ˣڻ磬үĵ̣ǿԸүүҸǡһ˵

ŭǸһ
һһͼΪǣղѾһˣ㻹ȥǣʲôģѵ뿴үұŪ𣿡˵
ǸʹӸϽ
Ȼû뵽һƨȻĵˡԼүһŭӣŵùǺ
²ΪԺ߰⣬׼ˡ˵
ǡǸʹӸϽ˵վ
Źŷ뿪ķ˼


1395 »
ǵŻ˲䣬ŷûԼνľͷ𾪵ǣۣνľͷȻһ㷴ӦûС
ŷǸ˵ĻľţҲ߶ơ
粻򵥣ŷ뵽
߹һռͨǰһһȫµ硣
ƣ̫ϣ㵽˼㡣ڲԶһȺǿ˽֮һ㶣¶һĨϲɫֱŷǳ˹
ŷüѵԼһҪֻܵʲôû
վҪ֪ЩҪʲô
ģ̫ˣ»ҵģ˭Ҳܸһ˵ɫ˷ܣŹŷۣڿһ
ģȿģûйϵҵģҹһȥһߣһӣǳǸǿ쳣
װ϶ҪΪΪ΢һ㣬ܹ»Ӻܾˣҿʱʲô³Ц˵
װ׵һΪᣬ˲ˣͬ˵һܾˣװ׵³ܲҡ
˵ݡװ׶ݺݵĵһۡ
϶ʱ̫ˣԵ̫ˡЦ
ҵǾ»ӦǵġһòӵǿߣˣͬǿƣվһȺǿߣͬʱͺװס
ʱŭˣ죬Ҫʲôʱֵ˵ˣ
Ǿʵ˵ɡǿЦ˵󶼸һȺˣӣ쵹ռžԵơ
ŷͷԣЩˣΣ˵Բһֵø˵顣
˵ǵĻʲô˼
۵ʣЩ̲סЦ¶һĨЦ»ˣģﻹֲЩ˵ʵվš

ۿڣһ⡣
ۡ
ֱը飬
ʱеЦȻֹ𾪵ۣȻЩû뵽»Ȼ͡
۵Ϊ죬ǿóŷΪͣϹŴһ죬Ǹûн˵һ¡
Ƕû뵽ΪߵļһȻ˿¡
ΪˣҲֻһ㣬ȴԷһɱ֪Լǲǿˡ
˭װʵ
ת䣬˵Ϊۡ
װǸǻһۣǸ޵е콾ԼҪǵ˾ȻȻڻУȴǲȥģҲǿơ
һ콾Ѿɳ޵С
۴ˣҵ֪װǶһۣȫ
Щ֪˵ĻһȺȥ¶ɱġ
Ϊ˵»ѯʡ
˽磬ʮ֮ǲܱģȡȻһЩǿߣΪūͣרȴЩ˽װ˵
üȻһأ˵ǵΪЩ꣬ѵûܵ
һۣװǲϽ˵Ѫĵ̣Ѫ㣬ܵѪıԱǿȻҪҲòѪϡ
ԭۺ͹ŷһۣ֣ЩһΪǽܻʽ
ŷǵϣﲢûʵǴģǺǶŶһŽΪѪѪǿߣվѪģѪ硣
ٶһ壬߹Ž硣ܹƾһ˵ˣʵ̫ˡЩ˶ǿܶ඼ǽڻʵǿߡ
ŷǶһۣԷеľȣװ׵˼ڻʵǿߣӦò١
ûһ߿ܸһŷźװףڹ۲ǵķӦ
װɫ΢΢һ䣬¶Щɫ
ǡŷкһһѽװץ
װʶȴڹŷУֽͬһֱӱץ˹
ʱ򣬺װǲֻ֪ϹŴһļһҲһµǿߣпܲۡ
ţ뵽ϣǴŲµ˹ŷͷ
˵ʵҪƭңֻҪҸо˵һ㲻ԾЩ˶Ҫŷ˵
ϱɱ⣬Щ˵ϣȫ


1396 Ѫ
ܵŷɱ⣬װҡһǿ̫ȻĿɽѪδܹǵ
ȷʵһǿߣȴץˡװ˵ɫЩҡ
˭ץģŷһ
ǿѾͽ磬սܹץߵˣҲҪоݸ̶ȵʵ
Ѫװһڿˮ˵֡
ѪŷЦˣֻЦȴǳ䡣
ɱ˸Ц˵òûеѪ
ˣѪˡһ˵
˭ŷ羪ȡ
۵˵ôѪ˫ѪѪΪµһ壬Ѫ˫Ѫǳص󱲣ɱȻҪѪѪ磬ҲµĲĻҲѪĳԱץ˹ǰֻΪǺйϵ
ԭˡŷЦˣͻȻޱȣɭȻ˵ѪôĵӣץҹŷĶӣˡ
ˡҲ˵
װǶһۣԷеĺȻѪǵУֱ޵еһƬûбѪǿĴˣǹŷȴ˿ѪС
Ѫŷʵ
װָһЩη˵Ǹ֮
ŷգӦһ޴ĳǳأɢŰѪ֮ӦñѪסĵط
¶һĨЦŷ۶һֱۣʧ
װ׼˶һۣԷеľͲһ㣬Ǿˡ
װף϶ϽӰɣɱѪˡ
װ׵ͷɫص˵ʹɱѪҲûк³Щ̫ˣֻҪѪһЩһ϶Ҫҵ鷳УҪС
ҲҪ·ˡɫҲÿ
ȻȺװ׺һ㣬ҲͬһȺˡ
ǵЩˣԼϴˣǶһۣȫɢ
һѪɫǣбȻǹꪺգеıʿɫȫϡŷٽЩ˸ܵŷϵĵ⣬Ǵȣùŷֹ
ѪЩ¡ŷ絭˵
ǺˣҼǰ㣿һȵѪɫսףһѷ컭ꪣָŹŷˣԵú硣
һǿߣüĿǿ쳣
ҲϻҪҵȼˣҪɱȥĻǺھˡŷ絭˵
ЦܹҰĵطǸĽȵɱȻŹŷ硣
ϻࡣЩͷһָǸĽɳȥײڳǽϡ
ǽ⣬һѪɫ֣Ȼ˿ǸĽȴڿѪǶϽۡ
ղһˡ۵˵Уһ䣬̺ŵ۵Ϣɻ壬޾ħӰĤݡ
һֿµֻйΪµ˲ŻӵС
Щʿȫһ߲ơ
ѪǣһȺǿ߳ͷһǿߣͷǣ˸ź⣬һ˫Ѫ䣬۵ϡ
㣿ͷнǵǳۿһۣ˵㻹ûʸ˵ѪٲĻ̤ƽ˳ǡ
˻һԾЩʿǿһĿۣһﾹȻҪ̤ƽǳأ˵
ƾһˣǸǿߴЦ
ŷ翴һۣ˵һ˫ţۣѵ𣿡
һϹŴһļһͷнǵǿЦˡ
Ѫţһˣ𣿡Ц˵
Ȼ֪ѪţһģӦùģĲ𣿡ͷнǵǿߴЦ
ѪţһǿߣѪ綼Ĵ壬ѪΪѣѪĸ֡
ѪٲĻ¾ҪˡŷͻȻһɤӡ
û˻شѪŷĻûж
ǡŷ˵Ҳϻˡ
ֻҪɵЩˣǸѪ
۵ͷһǰɱȥ
ɱǡѪţڣŷǴһһɾ޴ȥǰȫ顣
çţѪţһľѧͬ׵ĵˣźܴɱ
ŷˣȴûиоһٶȲ䣬ֱƿ磬ɱǰ
䡣
۳֣ѹ£һȺǿը飬ǸѪţǿߣҲ˿Ѫ
ɫȻ۾¶һĨ־塣
ڴʱŷҲˣֻؾأŽδϵת³ɱ⣬û
ȵһзƽ˾˶ʧûκ˲


1397 
һļž
ЩδıʿȫŵˡѪţǺεǿߣȻɱˣЩ
һȺˣȴסǿߵһǻŷǵĿɨǲһ㵹ڵϣ˫ȶˡ
ûгŷЩɻ
˵Լɱ˶Էô£ѪӦѾ˲Ŷԣȴһ㶯ûС
ŷһץһʿץ˹ʵңѪڳ𣿡
ˣѪյʱ򣬱ˣʱδǸʿϽش
¹ŷһˬԼˡ
ѪȻڣֲһֱڶûж
ȥŷʵ
񶼡Ǹʿ̻ش
ŷȻû˵Ի粢ûʲô˽⡣
ʲôطŷЩɻʵ
Ǵڵأ˵Ҳǻ翪ߵĺ󱲵ӡʿʵĻشһ㶼
ϾԼСڱ˵УǹŷһˣҲСҪûˡ
羹Ȼһ˿ģŷľˡ
λģʵһֱһ˵һǿ߿ֻ粻֮󣬻Ϊһսˣһܺ󱲵ӣһƿ˻磬ͷһֱģֻҪ˭̳λãǴƿػ硣ʿ˽͡
񣿹ŷһ֮ǰǸɲǿҲѵֻһɺϣ
˶һۣԷе𺳡
Ѫȥʲôǰץǿߣŷüͷʵ
ʱʿ֪ǰµˣȻΪǿġڹŷĻҲشʿϽ˵ǶѪˣ˵Ҫ׸
Ϊʲôŷüͷʲôá
ǸǿߣлʵǸǿߣ̺ѪѾˡ
ŷǻһ֪ѪͼˣǻѪǻʵϡ䱦ֻǲ׵ǣΪʲôԼҪҪ׸
ÿ꣬һɻʵ԰˳ɻʣֻаٷ֮һĳɹʣȴǸ缫ĶǴƿصģԴҶҪֺôǸʿϸĽ͡
ŷĶʿŹֵ˵ô֪ôģ
ǸʿƿԣβƵ˵ðɣҸǣѪʵСĶӣһʿΪ˵һ¶ѡ
ۡ
ŷ۲һˣǶû뵽ץһһȻѪʵáֲǵ⣬һﶼܹ׵Ľ
ѪΪѪˣ϶ῴѪʵòܲʵġ
뵽ŷٺЦö
ǸöһûаҲ˵
ǸȴЩˣЩ˵ҲǶǶһ㣬ǻӡ
ǻӣҲǵĻӣСӣʵһɣúõĴšŷЦһѽѪץסȻ
ѪǳȥŹġԷ󺰵
Ѫǣ֣ŷа뵽
ȥ񶼡
ŷ˶һۣȻ͹챻񶼵УȻҪȥӪȡ
ѯ񶼵·ֱ˹ȥ
һ·Ͼܶǳأŷ˿ĽԼͷųÿһǳصǿߣܹܵǵҳǡ
ֻһǳصǿߣһڻʵĴڣֱɱ˳ϴŭԼܵơ
һܱߣȻڻʣʵǳǿ󣬵Ǳŷ֣Ű
˵ǸǿߣҲδظ˵ܹʤ˵֮֡Умܹȼյġ
ûɱǸǿߣʵҲɱּǿҪߣǻ֣߳Ҫ׼ܹɱ
һ·۵糸ŷ񶼡
ϣѪǴ˲֪ٱǧڳǾԲģʿ磬ȴȫпܡ
֮ϣս˱ʿһɫϹŴ񣬻ûϹŴ֮µʿȫǸ֮ϵǿߡ
ŷǷ֣һǿߣЩʿУҲֻһСͷĿ񶼵֪Ϊʲôܹ硣߲˭ܹǿʵȻҲǺƴĻֻܹܾˡ


1398 Ůʥ
ûʲôˣܺӴǡ
ŷ˶һۣԷеء
Ѫ˽˴Ҫ˾ȳеô򵥵ġ
ףҵôˣһӰŹŷ磬ɫЩȡ
ȻעŹŷ磬ǹŷȴһоûУȻˣȥڳ棬ܹܵǳصĺ嫣ǽ֮󣬸ֺܹܵصĸо
ȻΪ񶼵ĵط·ǿƣȥ
ŷ˶һۣԷеľ̾˵ģЩˣ㹻Ǻһˡ
ģôһĸоءŷֹ
۵ɫҲÿǶһ£ǴʱҲ̲סֹЩë
ʵ̫ʢˣһ·ˣ֮УһĶϹŴ󣬵Ҫβܹôǿߡ
Ҳ֪Щ˲ܶڴȻĻϯͷˡ
ȻǰǴܹѹߵĵ̡վսʵϲǾʤܵĹؼȻֻǻ֮µĻҲ˵ھ棬ҳܹǱȼˡ
ǰУǰͷܶȻǷʲô顣˹ȥһ˱ǿѹڵϣѪ
㡣ŷ羪ȵ˵˲ǱˣȻŮʥղ٣һף˲ڽ£Ŷվ
Χûͬ飬񶼣ȴֹ໥ֻ֮Ҫеǿߣʲô
߾Ҫ۸ô򵥡
ѹŮʥģҲһŮӣ죬쳣ǿƣһֻѹŮʥ޷
ѣҡŮʥŷȣȻҲϳ˹ŷ硣
ŷ绹ûзӦǸѹŮʥŮ˱㽫ת˹ŷˣЦһģҽǶץ
Ůߵļǿ߶Χ磬ʵǿᣬϵʿ
Сӣǣ㵹ùһЦŷ˵ǳ
ŷԼıӣЩòԼʲôû˵Է㽫ԼˣҲ̫۸˰ɡ
Ҳ£ǲҪңɡŷ絭˵ƽûκλͣڶԷĶУȴЦһ
ûУȻҷŮˣǺЦһΪԼ˭أ𣿡ǸŮ˴Цɫ
Χ۵ʿҲ¶һĨЦݣŷдһĨġ
óԣҪ㣬ɱˣЦҲŵˡŷЩǸŮˡ
˵ʲôŮ˳ͣǱȵβ͵èһŭŹŷ磬һҧгݵӡ
ŮںıԼò֮ԻŮʥ֣ΪŮʥñÿ
֪ŷŮʥ˵󣬿ƽˡ
û뵽㲻ó󣬶仹ʹ㸸ĸŷ̾
ΧɫŹ֣̲סһЦŷʵ̫ˣ˼ҵò͵һĲֵȻһɷнµӣκˣ¶Ҫը˰ɡ
Ҫɱ㣬ǻɵվʲôɱǸŮ˴
ǵģˡ
Ǽŷǳ֣ЩһɭϢһ֣ʬ죬ǻһڤ
ԭǼͨˣ˵֮󣬱ܹһˣǾȻǼԣҾһΰɡŷ絭˵
ᵯָɳȥֱûЩǿߵĶͷ
ԭأȻ˺ȻУ嵹˵ϡǵĶͷһѪ֣ȴûκζ⼸ϵϢѾȫɢˡ
ˣ׻ɱ˼ЩЦˣʱȴЦˣŷľηԶԶ˿
ǸŮ˸ǵɴ۾û뵽һһ㶼۵ǿߣȻ
ֱɱ˼ȻĿɽҲ˰ɡ
ŷĿԼ˹ֱӺ˼תҪߡ
һŷ˵ȻѾΪˣͲöԷһǿߣŮʥ˶ܹѹŮá
㲻ɱңɱ¾ڤŮˡŮ˴󺰣˵Լ
ɱ¾ڤһµʵǿдѾڻˣֻ벽ܹΪߡ
ˣڻ߲ʱ޵еģû˸ǡ
ʲôƨɱ¾ڤûͻˡŷĮȻ˵ƺ£ֱӽŮ顣


1399 ľ
Χȫһ˭Ȼͣɱ¾ڤ£Ůֱ顣
̫ǿˣעҪ䣬ɱ¾ڤǿһڻʵǿߣǸ磬Բܿɱ¾ڤʿۡ
Ů˿ɱ¾ڤֿԲᣬһαɱˣȻ죬Ҳ㲻ɱ¾ڤĻɱ
ʿǵĿŹŷ磬ͬϧ
һǿ죬վ˲ܵˣעҪġ
ŷɨЩһۣû˵һѽŮʥŷ˵Ůʥѣô
Ҳ¶ɻɫŮʥ嶯ǶǰˣؽȻټƽϡ
Ͻ罻ڣ֪и磬ǿߵĹޣϣΪܹŮʥЦ
ĳĲãɫЩ㲣ûǰ콾İԵЩɥ
ʿ˵ģܶ콾ΪʲΪѣľܴ죬ԲŻȻӡ
Ůʥڵ״̬ܿܳ٣Ǿ̫ϧˡ
ֻû뵽ﾹȻϽ绹ҪʵȭͷӲټΪ㣬һֱ۸ҿЩΪûʲôŷ˵
ŮʥΪϹŴ죬˵ʱֻһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ŮʥĬ̾һ
¥õطȥŷһתһһ¥һŲ㣬ǳһִǡ
ľ¥һڻʵǿߣȻûд͹Ž磬ȴû˸ǣ˵ԴϱŮʥһۣɫоȻЩԥ
ŷ۶һۣǶԷе̾ϢŮʥľƻĲˣҪʰľѡ
ȻŷҽͨĵĶȴ漰
һĲƣľƣ̫ˡֻһһˣȻŮʥŷͲ᲻ܲʣϾȻǵˣҲһЦˣһˡ
߰ɣһڻʵǿľ¥ҵҪʶһ¡ŷЦ
ҲǵһЦʵǳǿɿڻʵǿߣȻսʤԷ̫ףǶԷҪ£ҲǷǳѵġȻı̬⡣
Ůʥ˵¥߹ȥ
¡¡죬һƥųܣŷǳײ˹֮ϵĳ򣬾ȻһǿߣŵˣͲ󣬵ȴӢޱȣҲ磬һɹȻǳá

ڹŷҪõʱǸĺһһӳȻǸûнŷǷС
üһֻץסǸӣǸƶıӣѣһֱֵֻǸǿϣԷҽһֱӺɳȥ
˻ȻŮʥ۵УһĨ𺳡
ŷղżʶˣȴû뵽۾ȻҲز죬۵Уֽͬһ
뵱꣬໥ۣ֮ȻڹŷۣҲԶǴʱȴԶԶ˦
뵽һ㣬Ůʥɫį
ۿһۣ˵νǿߣҪϽһʱĴʲôҵ꼸αϣȻûз㲻ΪһЩСۣΪʲôٵģұʿҪ۷壬ҪһŲٵģۺѣҪƣֱǰ
Ůʥ𶯣һĨ⡣
ߡ
ٴһǸȻҲ죬̤䣬ۡ
ԳΪҵ˵һֻѹ䣬Ȼѹˣɣȴ͵ס۵ѹ
̫ǿˣΧʿ̾һֻѹһͷǰ˵սѾڻǸ˰ɡ
󵨡
һŭ⴫߳һˣӢ䲻˸һһ㣬ʱһ˫Ӷ۵ϣоȻ۳һ򣬻ɱϢѹ䡣
ƤӶָ̧
أʮԷһϽ˫ֽӡҪסһ
ۡ
Ǹ˵ŵŵź˺üһѪ˳վǵס۵Ĺ
Ϊۿ̾һҲʱֻһ˽
ԷƤһʱףԼȻˡʵͷȻΪҲһ游Ϊͨ죬ȴû뵽վȻǿѹ
Ǻˣѵ֪ҵ𣿡Ǹŭȵ


1400 ¥
û˹ŷһۣ˵ǽȥɡ
á
ŷҲ⣬½𣬶Է̫ˣǱҪõԷȴֱʩչ֣ΪǿڶѾشܱɱ
ѹֻһСͷ
Ϊĳͣ游ǸҶߣȻɱ֮Į˵
֪Լ۵Ķ֣Բҳǿֻ̧ԼͷҪסŷǡ
Сһȥ㽫ԼҵĴΪҳǹ޾ޡŷƲƲ˵
ʹŭ
ɱۣȴηһϹŴһļһͳ֣ȣ޾ֱ֣ӻɴŷѹ¡
˺һûгֵĴ㣬͵Уȴͬ顣һùŷһӣȴ֪ŷӣҲֻл߲ܹ£ڵͣûǸʸ
ȡ衣
ŷҡͷһƳȥ򵥶ǿƣ͵ͨȻֱӽɳȥ
˶ܹһѪе䣬ڵͣ򻯳һڵ㣬ʧ˵ǰ
СүǸϽ׷ȥ
Щ·ʿȻĶŹŷ磬ȸղǸݣҲţѰ죬ҲδĶ֣˵Уȴͬһģʵ𺳡
ǿߣɫ𺳣ηŹŷˡ
ʲôû˧簡˶ĿɿڴĶԼˣŷɨһۣ˵
һǿŮòŷģ治ࡣȻ֮У϶۳ʾģǿߣʵԽߣԽŮĻҪںòģơ
߰ɣǽȥŷͷ˽ȥ
¥Сˣɫηˣ˼㣬ĳﶼҴˣԲܵ
ŷǽ·һ硣
ŷ̽ȵķ֣һ̿ȴ磬Ȼ󣬵ȴ仯ˣʱԽݻһĴ硣
ñ¡΢΢ݣ̾һ
һһ磬ŲŸ磬ǴֱʰŸ磬ɾŹ󷨣͸ˡŷЦ˵
һҲ쵽ЩȻһֱϣϸ۲Ļܹʵƫģֻǽˣ˴ͨŤ˵ĸоһּ󣬾ղûо쵽ʲôԵĵطǹŷȴ˲쵽һ㡣
һ¥ֱһһĳݣǷſµܡ
ڻʵĸ֣ȻͬȼĸֽҲҪԴ
ŷɨΧһۣȻֱ¥ȥ
ŮʥŹŷǣһ˶㡣
㣬ȻһЩϹŴ񡣹ŷ˿ͣһ·ϣֱߵ߲㣬ﶼǿߡ
ŷʱһЩüͷ¶ɫ
˾Ȼһضѵֻ֪ܹ𣿡һŹŷǣɫдһĨм
ֻ۵ʱ˲¶һĨصɫȻǸܵ۵Ĳ
ŷûпЩˣֻŮʥԵЩԥЩĴۣľ飬飬̲סҪˡ
ȴһסŮʥŮʥһ¡
ŷб˵һۣ¶һĨЦ
ŮʥЩ죬ҧԼĴͬһӢգ˳ӵš
Ǽ¥ȥһͣ
Ǹڵʱ¶ŭɫվŭ˵أѵûֻ֪ܽ𣿡
ܴ󣬴һŭ⣬һɱϱڹŷǵϡ
Ȼûһ߳ŭĸоһҧָ両һСֱŷն˹ȥ
ӣȻȫǹŷһһϹŴһ죬벻ܵסᱻֱӻɱ
ŷתһᵯָ
ۡ
ǰƷʲˣ촷ۡ
ֵǸһѪ˳ɫȻŹŷ磬ɫг𾪡
ʱ򣬾ɵҲ֪ˣǰ˲һϹŴô򵥣ʵ̫ǿˡ
㵽ʲôˣǸȻ˵
ﲻˡŷ絭һЦҲԷһۣ¥
һ໥ӣԷе𾪡
ϹŴ񾳽磬ֻЩֵܹǸɫ֣̿תߣһԷһ鷳ԲǶ֡


1401 Ų
ڰ˲¥ȫһЩ߽Ϊ֮ϣȴûǿߡ
ŷ߽û˳֡Ȼÿһһ磬ǲ֪һ¥ʲô飬ܹȻߵһˣԲǷס
Ķеĸ֣Ȼ嶯ȥ鷳
ۼŷھŲ¥ȥЩ˶һۣ¶Ȼɫ
ֵܣһ¡һ
ŷȻתһСӣЦеģǱˣǺܾòһﾹȻҿӣȻѾˡ
ô˻磿ŷ羪ȵʵ
һ죬˵һȤѣû뵽Ȼ㡣Це˵
Сǰļȫָˣŷ羪ȡ
ҡͷЦ˵ָֻһ֣֪ԼţƣҲ˼ѣվûȫҲ߾ˣܹȫɡ
Ǹ˭ôʶңŷʵ
˵Цеġ
ŷһۣһֻ£Դùȥ
ٺһЦֵ̧ס˹ŷĹ˶ûʹöǵڰ˲ȴһ¡
һһ£ֻ΢һײ㺳˵ڰ˲㣬˵ʵǿʲôز
СڵʵѾˡŷ羪ȵ˵
⡣
۶ĿƣЩȵ˵ʱһս֣֮ĥ
ɣǱ̬Ȼʵ˲٣һս뻹ǱճӲûôɵأŰҡֱӾܾ
ⲻŮʥ𣿺þòĿɲզءŮʥһۣЩ⡣
ŮʥǿһЦɫį˼㡣
ҪٸҺ˵Ҿ㡣üͷǳһ
ӣŮʥһۣɨһۣͻȻһЦǸﻹ۵˼
ã˵ô࣬¥˵Ųٶ죬һЩսﵽǸΣҲ֪ܲ˽ʰˡ
ûɡŷЦ˵
ٺһЦֱ¥ȥ̤һ̨׵ʱһӴѹǵϡ
ŷɫ䣬ԼĲӡ
Ůʥһԣһˤ̾Ϣһ֪ԼûʸϾŲ㣬Ҫ
ڴʱ۳֣䣬˻м䣬Ůʥ˵һȥ
ڰ˲еݣһȥҪܵѹǻܹȥĻʿսˡ
㲻ġŮʥЦ
˶ûз㣬ԼܷԼ㱾ǺһεˣαԷƱúһ죬ͬȼǣͬս۷塣۳
ŮʥĴݣƣǧ
ŷûг֣Ϊ֪ûбҪ۵ʵܹŮʥ
˶ûзңԼܷԼŮʥɫЩ㱣һۣ۾ͻȻһ⣬˵Ҳˣ׷ĽŲҪ㲢
ľһ˲ָٴγ˰Ķ־
ϲѡŷء
ŮʥͷľָʵֱӽϹŴ죬лȻһµĸо
ʱ򣬹ƾŮʥԼʵԱȼһЩ
һ콾֣ĳɾͣȻ
۴ŮʥֱӽھŲ㡣ĶѾھŲǿߵĿˣɫɵĴһǵһ
ֳУа˳ɵˣһ㡣
Ұ檵Ϣ㣬ϲһԹϤҰ檱ɱˣһɫս׵ǿվɫŭ
ɱ¾ڤŷɫ΢΢Щȡ˵ɱ¾ڤʵڻǰˣȴֻһĴڡ
ɱ¾ڤĿɭȻڹŷϣ˵ɱҰ檣һˡ
ڳȫ¶ζɫŹŷǣɱ¾ڤ֣Ǿùŷ缸˶ˡ
Ȼ۸ղű־ˣҲһɱ¾ڤǻΪǿ֮һ
游⼸˸ղŹǰѹˡһ˵˽һǰ
кһŷȥ޾֣ſµɱ⣬
ȣ˵
ѣҲҿڳԣϴһѹȫţ˵˵ԼϴʱĿŷ硣
ΰ£ǹģŷһۣվ˳


1402 նڤ
ϴ󣿡ʵ
ɱ¾ڤкһ˵ɱҵİ檣
ŷվɨһۣ˵Ҹλ¡
۵ͷһ߹ȥֻйŷվԭء
ߡ
һץ˹ȥ۵УҪȽ
㵱Ҳ𣿡ŷЦһָͷһײһ
ȴûɢȥ˲ѹ
һ𣬿ŹŷһĨ𾪡ȻǷҲΪּǿߣ޵УȴԷ赭дĵ˻
ɱ¾ڤɫһҲ֣һڤ֣ŷ˹ȥ
ơ
ŷ֣һȭ򵥶ֱӣڤɱ¾ڤײһɱ¾ڤһվȡ
ڳһĻɫ΢䣬Ȼŷǿеǵϡ
ɱ¾ڤʹȻֻΪ֮ҲٮٮߣʱȴһϹŴһʿ׵ˡ
㵽Ǻˣɱ¾ڤʵ
һδƽһ˫Ӷڹŷϣ顣
˵Ҳ֪֪ҲûϵҲ㡣ŷƲ죬û˵Լ֡
ɱ¾ڤŭк籡ɫϢûھŲ㣬úܶ˶̲סüͷ
һЩƻ߳Զ¶ĵɫɱ¾ڤһɸζһϢɢǷǳ˶ĵġ
ˣ˭ҵéûиʵŷüͷȵľһ
˶ЦǴǣҲ̲סһĨЦ⡣ɱ¾ڤɫˣֱ̤뿪Լӣŷȥ
ɱ¾ڤĿ䣬ڹŷϣЦ˵һСɱ㣬ͷֻޡǡֻкˣΪͲɱҡŷƲƲ졣
ںɱ¾ڤѹȣŷܵ
ΧȻǴʵɱ¾ڤҲɱ¾ڤȻԷֻһ
ڤת
ڤ֣۳Ҫѹŷ硣
۷ص㣬۳Լĸ߽
һɿµ֮ڹŷϣڰŷЦɢҫ۵Ľ⣬סЩ֮
࣬ƾ֮Ҳ붯ҡҵЦŷ˵ţڤɱ˹ȥ
һֻֽӡһֱ
ɱ¾ڤ΢΢ɫȻ˼ߵľ磬ҲŷǸǿս߶£Ҳǳ¡
Ϭƿռ䣬ֱɱ¾ڤ䡣
ɱ¾ڤҵһߡ
ɫڵ棬ȴû˵һ¥һһŷҲ⣬һڻʵĶ󷨵ϣʵϱһ㶥ҪµĶ࣬һȻὫ¥ô
ϵ£ΨҶ𣬻Ͻŷʩչ֮ͻȻһӣȳɱ¾ڤһ
ֶΣƵá
ɱ¾ڤϵǱѩһڣɫ䣬û뵽ԷֶΣȻ
ڤ̣ࡣɱ¾ڤȣڤѹ÷ҲԶһ˺
ŷһĨ壬һɱùŷãͨȫ飬ֶδȥĻЩȫҪˡ
һȹ񾪣һֶϻ꣬𡣡
ŷȣŴͨڹɱԸ
ꡣ
ɱ¾ڤķ棬ƣҵУֱըˡ
ա
ŷʩչֻأ£ЩȻֱɢǹŷҪôʵ̫ˣеӦ
㣬Ҫһս𣿡ŷָ
ҡͷ˵֪Ȼ׻ݽ٣֮¡
׻ǲǹŷ硣
ڳ֪ŷݣǷӦһ
ЩмҲе˵⣬ҲĮȻͲںŷɨЩˣǵķӦòУ˵û뵽Ȼʶñеܳˡ
վڴߣ˵ǵ֪ŷ̴֮Լͷ
ЦҪ֪Էǹŷˣŷ綯ֵġ
µĵѣҵˣղŷѺλѼ£뽫˰ɣȻᲹλʧġ˵̬תĺܿ죬սȴһҪȳġ


1403 ˴
̬ȣľԹŷѾ߹ˣڸǸ߿һۡ
ȻҲЩвмô̫ˡŷ粻Ϊɱ¾ڤɱһȴɵһزȻеʧˡ
ܡûеۿڣŷֱӾܾ
üͷһ壬˵Ѿõزˣѵ⣿֮⣬ùŷ粻Ҫ̫֡
ֵϲǸҪΪûܹٽǸջȥΪֵܵǸңӦøмŶԡŷ絭˵
Ļһ˵ڽԻȻǾùŷʵе̫ˡ
ﲻ壬һƣԵ쳣⵭Ȼ
ûеĲȻŭһۣȻʵλǣ
ۡŷ翪ڡ
һ˵ڳ˶¶Ȼɫֲùŷôԭۡ
УΨһĵ۵ߣʵǿҡɨ磬Ѿ޵е
ڳ˶ܹ뵽ۣȻ۷ǿߣҲܹɾ͵۵ۣײã档
׷ˣȷʵȴҪǰ;
ңҶĳʱ۵սҲδرȴ϶١
΢΢һ
ĬŷŴķӦ
Էǲģֻܳ֡η壬һȻɱ¾ڤһҲܹס
ãҲҪǷǱҪӦһ˵
ŷ¶һĨЦݣЦе˵˵
Ҵһ壬ҪΪѣ໥շñѡŹŷ˵
ˣŷһ¡һ壬Ϊĳõ쳣ǿƣı֣Ǿһǿ壬࣬Ǹʵǿ
һ壬ҲҪ˽ˣŷе벻ףҶԷѡ磬Ҫ֪ȻһЩͷǺЩоԶĹŽȣǲ̫ԶˣҪǹŷţеɽΪܣվǾѪȻͣǶĻЩҲҪһ¾˵ķӦ
ۺôԭܹǿסԼ
ˣʵе죬ŷ粻վߵһ߶ȵῴʵ
ΪΣŷʵ
ᣬȻûһɳ죬ţò˶ãսѪĺᣬֻԻͣǽˣͼǽ˵
á
ŷͷԥ
粻ǿҪǿѱ֤ȫ
ЦڵͣӶɳˣһû뵽ġ
ŵĵˣһת۳Ϊѣⶼʲô°аֹ
۽˳һ꣬վ
Ժ۰ɣ϶۷壬ΪΪӦ׷ˡ˵
ʲôû˵ͷȻվߡ
Ŀɿڴתû뵽Ӧʱ򣬹ŷʹѾѡ
ֻҡͷ̾±̫ˡ
Сһɱ¾ڤ֣µϢھŲ㣬˶ɫǸܵһɿµϣɱ¾ڤˡ
ܵɱ¾ڤǿۺͬʱվߵŷߡ
Ҳһŷǲ
Ķɱ¾ڤЦȴסˣŵĶŴŭʲô˼
ӽ쿪ʼҴһ壬ѣ˭ǶѣǺҴһΪС˵
磬ƺʱɱ¾ڤ΢΢ɫ
ɱ¾ڤλŷ磬λۡ˹ŷ˵ݣ¶һĨЦݣ˵ڤʵϾҲ֣Ҳǹ۵Ķ֣Ҫȡˡ
㣡ɱ¾ڤĿжðˣΪԼԴɱķȴû뵽Ȼѿľ档
£ߣǶӣһսĻûսʤĻᡣ
ԥʱһ𣺡λ¥̸۵ĵطλĵطλǿݵĵط벻Ҫ¥󶯸ɸꡣ
С˵
ŷ羪ȣȻһŮˣΪԷһءôŮˣж


1404 
һòŮӳ˵ǰɫȴζ䣬ɨˣȻɱ¾ڤıƢҲǲһ
ŷаһôϣɱ¾ڤǰȻһֵһͷĸо
¶һĨЦݣ˵ղµѷɸʤ
µѡɱ¾ڤ֡
ЩҲùŷľӰĲһĴ
һ˫ɨˣ˵Ҳλѣλ
ŮǸҲӣɡŷһЦͷλ߹ȥ
ûٿɱ¾ڤһۣǸͲԷһ
ݺݵĿ˹ŷһۣɱ¾ڤһԼԭӡ
ɨ˹ŷһۣ΢һͣ٣תƹȥŷղŵĻĴ˵е㲻ˡ
ûмƽϣҲȥɵָ
λѣ¥޷Ϊ磬λһ̸ۣ۵²ϣʲôѺ÷˵Щ¿˹ŷһۡ
ŷ絭һЦû˵仰ǺԼ˵ģϾЩ飬ΪԼ˶ġ
ģҵȲģȻìܣҲ뿪ĳ˲Сһۼ׵˹ŷһۣϴһĨЦ
ҵȶǸ߸ϵȨȻһЩɽҰһϲǷǡһòŮ˵Ļͺ̶ܴԹŷǡ
ɱ¾ڤЦƽĿǰһĻʵϸղ˵ĻһϵûС֮Уӹŷ;ݵˣ
˭ɽҰ򣿡ŷʵ
ŷѾأǸۼ׵ʵ
ŷЦе˵ȻңҲǵ㣬ϾۼףһɳζǷĶӦ˵Ǹһ
ŷָǸ˼ʮ㡣
ɴһԸԿ˼ȻƣŷûвܵĵʵҲĶ֡
ҵȣۼ׵վ۾дһĨŭ
ǸòҲǲȻɫһɱϢڹŷϡ
ˣûǸ˼ֻǸǵĻģôң˭λҪ˸ղ˵Ļŷ棬ɫƽ
ûָŹŷ磬ǲ֪˵Щʲôá۵֮չܹ͹ŷִȡ
λҸղ˵Ļ𣿡ͻȻĿתǡ
һǶһۣԷеľţû뵽Ȼˡ
ǱͲĶ֣ﻹ¥ıŭĻĨɱǣһ̫ѵ顣
µϢŭҵĵġһۼ׵˵
ǸòҲڽ͵µѲҪС䣬ҶûкԵ˼
ûоͺãìܣȵˣٽɡͻȻһ֣ڹŷǵϣȻ˱ʧ˳ȥ
Ǹŷˡ˴֮⣬˶롣
ǿߣΧŷһϹŴһ죬Ȼ죬ҲĶ֡
µʵЩǷǡƣͻȻ˵
û˵˵һһеˣ˵֮󣬹ƣûɱǣѾǸˣǲҪӵĻҵǲһ⡣
µĻЦһ۵ǿƣɱ¾ڤһ𣬶һ
ˡ۵˵
˻һ˶һѵŷô
ɱ¾ڤһҪ¥ڴʱһӰŷЦ棬˵µѣɲǴ֮нӳȥģϰ߲ãԺǵҪġ
ŷһ˵̵ӣ˶ĿɿڴһǶѵ֪ԼǰʲôӵһڣȻ˵ǻ˰ɡҹŷôѵ˵Ѿն
жЩţҪ֪ǿĴڰ
ȴŭ֪û¶һŭҡҡͷֱԸ񣬵ǺʼеƣȻΪһഫˡ
ʶʼ棿ŷһ
й֮Եʼ棬Ҫǿˡͷ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ǣҲ˭ʼ棬ҹżҵʼ棬Ȼ
һûҪǫͷǿ̲סаһ䲻Ҫ


1405 ûʸ
ŷ綺ˣҡͷʧЦֲҪľȫһޡ
лµѿ佱ŷƤ̫ˣȻµл
ۺֱ棬ʵ̫ˣҪװʶŷĳ嶯
ŷȴǸûʶǵΣתһۣЩȵ˵զˣ˰ôסԼ߸˭ǣҰǳ
ŷӣЩڳЦŷͻȻЦǷֹŷֱӶǵϣһԾԾԵӡ
뵽ŷղô̵ʱڣȻնɱ죬˭ҲҺ͹ŷײ
ֻɱ¾ڤһǲں
С۸С𣿡ŷɱ¾ڤ
װɵҪҶ֣ͳ֣ͳȥҪСһսɱ¾ڤֵ
һתֶʱҪӶ
һ¡ŷϽ
ʲôЦҪɱ¾һӳȥļһ벻Ǳˣŷ硣
һڻʵǿߣŷ絥ϣֻаķݡ
ô㲻ˣɱ¾ڤЦ
ӸղŴܴˣҪҪܵĻСܿԷ㡣ŷƲƲ죬Լλ棬ָָۺһƵӡ
ɱ¾ڤһȻɵܹĸܵۺǿ֪ҪһսĻԿĶԼ
û˵ɱ¾ڤɽ
νߵǿߣҲʱ򡣡ŷСֹڳĶʲôˣȻܹ
˶ɫŹ֣ŷǷҪһɱ¾ˡ
ɱ¾ڤҲѧˣûŷĻĿбӣͲŷ硣
ùŷЩʧΪɱ¾ڤ϶ᱬأȴû뵽ԷͲһ硣
ŷʧɱ¾ڤб
Ŀת֪һЩʲô
һᣬ죬֮ɢȥ
ȵɱ¾ڤ߳¥ʱ򣬲֪ŷ絽ʲôûɱһȴǵѹ·ڷҡҷ
ɫ¥߳ɫ߷ߣͻȻһֱԱˡ
ҡһĻ֣Աסû𺦵ΧĶ
ЩĿŷ磬һŹֵӡ
ʲôûɱǣֻǽǵԼ벻ʲôϵŷֹ
˿Цãȷʵǹŷɱģǹŷ粻ˣҲԱ
˵ڹŷС
ֵܣ㡣ŷ˹Ӷɳˣ⻹ޱȵĴôо͵Ʀåûʲôء
Ҳ鴤һ£аԼһӢܹܵԼӵԼǲ
˵ɣֻҪģһæЦ
һԸӣ˰ɣһȥæɡŷЩ̬ȡ
֪˼ҸǲֻǱΪеƣԲſЦ
Ҹұ֤ҲҾҵҲֻᱻֻϳ֣ƽʱʱȻǴЦ˵
ŷԼıӣڻ˾Ҵɡ
ʵŷҲЩûס
һˡŷ˵
˭һ֪ŷ粻Ե޹ʵ϶Ϊʲô飬ڹŷҪ˵ˡ
Ѫ쵰ץӵĶӣҲĸɶӣҪŪŷŭ˵
Цã뵽ԼûдӦӵĸɵءȻܹŷӵĸɵ֮Ĺϵ˵ֻáùŷδȻܾһ㡣
Ѫ뵽ƺ˼
ΣſЦõ˵˵Ǹ
ʲôŷɴ۾
Ѫǻ֮һˣμ¥ʸûУѪ磬ڻУһ֮ء͵
ŷƣղŻƣŲȫǿߣȴûзѪΪѪţƣ˼Ѫţƣûμ¥ᣬûʸ
ŷʵ
Ҳ¶ɫŷĿģΪ˾ˣʲôᣬ˵ûκ


1406 һ
ҴȥЦ˵
һڴĴ£򶫷˹ȥȻܴ󣬵ǶԹŷ˵ȴ㲻ʲôһᣬĿĵء
һЩƾɵĸۡԵ÷ǳᣬУΪۡ
ŷãЩǵĸۡۡҪĶˡ
ŷ¶мɫ͵λѲҪСԭס֮⣬ܹģһǿһСլԺúܶͷģܹסһطѪҲеˡ
ĻŷЩ񶼵ķӼֵȼǰĵľǶҪˡ
Ҫ㣬ӵһСլԺһǿǿʵ̫ˡ
Ѫǰݷáڣ˽ȥ
ѪģȴЩһ㶼ûеϣĻ̲֮סһ¡
Ȼ֪˭ΪǿƵļ֮һֻԼʲô
תͷѪȴһ㶼ҵкˣϽȥţԼҲ¹ڣſܹȥ
ű򿪣һ˳۾Ѫɫģȴûһĸоһĵĸܡ
ѪӭѪԵЩ΢˵ҪǴһ㶼ﲻҪǽˣѪҲ˵ʲôɳһλá
ѪѪĵλȻѪ粻Ϊһˣͻġ
顣
Ѫû뵽û˵ߵһϹŴȻԼѪŭôҲһԷһϹŴ񣬾ȻԴ
һ΢΢ҪùŷһͷѪǲ̫ڹ֣ϾѪŷǴ׷ߣԼҪǽôˣ˵ᱩŭʱԵĳԲ˶ߡ
Ѫû뵽ǣŷĽϣһɿµֱӽ߷˳ȥݺݵײһǽϡ
һǽû£ѪȴݺݵһѪŹŷ磬ʱԼˣһϹŴȻ죬Ҳ˰ɡ
ʲô˼Ѫŵʵ
û˵ŷˣʣµ飬ڲ롣
ҿŷӣҲϣ
ʲô˼ҡŷ˵ѪƽѪ¶һĨŵɫ˹ŷһۣһҧתҪ뿪
֪ԼǹŷĶ֣ڸղű߷ɵʱѪѾʶһ㡣
ߵ𣿡ŷֱһֻץ˳ȥֱӽѪץ˻ѪˤڵϣžĹѵ𣬶ʱһëȻĸо
ѪҽһֵĶŹŷ磬ʱԼ͹ŷ֮ĲൽǶôĴ󣬶ԷʵԶԶԼ֮ϡ
λѣҵôˣǵ֪ѪѪȻ⳥ѵʧ˵ϣѾǷˡ
ȻѪˣ¹ŷ罫Լɵ
ûеңֻץһǰҵĶӶѡŷ˵
ŷĻ֮ѪһܹŷϢɫ¶һĨ𾪣˵ǹŷ磬ĸס
ԭ֪ҵݣ㻹ҶҵĶӣȻеŷЦѪɱݺᡣ
Ѫһ£ǰŷУѪ˫ԭԲų֣ȴֹлѪ𣬸Ļ߹
ƽסҪ˴ȡһЩһɻʵҪ֪ճɻʵӽ߾ļʣܹǿΪ
ѪûɻʣΪȴġ
ңҹϣŹҰɡѪһ϶ûУģ޿ӣùŷüͷ
ûйǻǵһμ
ҶӺǰأŷʵ
һ£Ѫ˸û̻شŷĻ
һɲõԤУŷкʢѪŭ˵һӴɱ⣬Źŷĺǳ⣬ֱӳѪľ
ʶ˵ҰɣѾˣڵôҲ֪ŹҰɣ֪ˡ
ơŷˣû뵽Լվǳһ
һֻ£Ѫը飬Ԫ񱻹ŷУֱӴ߶˸ɾѪǹŷȴһ㶼˲龹Ȼչֵ״̬


1407 ŷ籩
ԺһƬžѪǲ˵ڸԼ˱𣬲˼붼ûѪǶֵˣȻ
ô죿üͷ
ȥҴǰôˣһ϶Ҫ̤ƽ磬šŷ˵
ǧҪ嶯һϽŷס
ŷ翴һۣ˵Ҫ嶯µĲҳͶӣȻ嶯
ĳŷȷʵˡ
Ѫŷ绹ģΪѪҪù˻Կ϶Ὣô
ǴȴһûбҪκι˼ɣһ˲оһ£ŷڶġ
ŷ磬˵Ĳ㲻Ҫ嶯ǲǴĶ֡˵ôһһˡ
ǽ۵Ļȴһôˡ
ǻȥˣʦǸʦɽǿߣǵЩѼһƷǻ磬ʲôƨ˵
ŭʱ򣬱ȹŷ绹Ҫ¡ŷֻҪԼ̤ƽ磬ȻǷˣҲǽ飬ȴһȻҪȥˡ
ͬ˵ô˹Ȼ𲻵磬һս󣬻Ҳʣ¼ˡ
ãҪȲ̽һ¹ǵİΣǲˣҪôŷ
һǱˣԼĶпܱ˸ɵܶεĳŷҲˡ
òˡһ˵
˶ĿתӣЦ˵ȲҪżһѣʹеϵȥһ£ĳ⣬ٷҲٰ
ãϢȥءŷһ΢侲һ㡣
еǸѣԲ򵥣ӦòѣǰѡǰΪͨ쳹صˣȻĻҲʻô
пܣʱ˵ѣǴĳҲ˵
ŷ侲һ㣬Ҳһ˲ԴϵĺˮղŽŵùǺ
һСģпɼµײʱδܹϾոպ͹ŷˡ
˼ղõѿЦˡŷЩε˵
һЦ˵ԣԸˣܹΪõأ̫⡣
Ȼ˵ǹŷҲףһղſ϶ŵòᡣϾոսˣпܾһƴսУ˭Ҳܵ
û˵ǶȴϢ
ܿ죬ϴɵЦݣ˵ǷİɣǸ˵ˣĶӺͳκ⣬ɱ֮ˣֻǼǣȵʱǻ֡
Ժе˶һŷͷЩε˵ģû뵽ҶǸСӾȻš
˴ЦһҲ˼ˡ
۵ɫ䣬Щë
ңŮʥҲܹҵǿӣʲô񰡡ЩëȻ
Ůʥɫһ죬һۣٺ˵˵Сŷ㡣
Цһ٩˵Ůʥʲô⣬һǺȸףˡ
˵˵ŮʥȻ˵Ļȴ̲סһۣޱʱ΢΢Щʧ
ڻƣ۵۾ȻϣҪһֱ챬ˣ۲˵ҳɵ֮һҪҳҶܸȤݣܾˡ
ҵãҾһͨˣʱ䳤һ㣬Ի˹ûʲôһġû˵
۵һЦ˵ˡ
֪ۿ϶е뷨
ʵҲܺ㲻˵ҿ϶ʣұнڲٶ˰ɡû˵ģŷ˱ӡ
ƨҵϴǺġ
ദ龰УͻȻνԶΪ𣿹ŷںȴְԵޱȣһءǳĬͬǿƣһʲôͷСЦģȫ˼ɣЦ٩
ԼģǲѾʧȥЩıĵʲôŷ֪Լһ֣ȻôԲľ˲


1408 ˸л
ŷһ˲ԣüͷ˵ֵôˣ
ľ˲Σաɫһ䡣
ģһܵʲô̼ôԲľȻ飿Ҳɴ۾Щżˡ
ʶףҪԼ游к游ôˣ
ҪŷϽǳһ
һ£ЩίĿһ۹ŷ磬ֻͣסˡ
ҪȻᱬı壬ģһľôˡŷԡ
¶ŵɫ游Ǽ˵ǳˣǵĵλֱһǧɣԲˡ
뵽ͻȻŷˣݺݵڵϸŷ˼ͷȻɥ˵һҪҵ游
ˣϽɣû취ŷû˵
ͻ˵һЩʲôһѽ˵ŷ֮Уҽ֮Ϊߵˣûа취үү¾ûоˣòҪ
۵Ļ͸Ͻͷվһ仰˵
ŷ绹˼Ǿʱ򣬴壬Ȼһϸ΢ơһѪԵ쳣ۡ
ģ쵰û¸ʲôħûбİ취ˣΪһŷ翴һۣȻüѿһ϶Ԫֱ˳Ȼûüġ
һĻۺ¶ɫȻ֪Ԫ˵棬ǷǳΣգһԷʲô⣬ŷҲ
¶мɫҲһβ֪Σԡ
ŷʶһƬҡ
üͷŷ󺰵ӹ
ŷѣں𣿡һЩɥ𣬴֣Եüήң˫
ŷ߹ȥֱһȭ˴ϣҷ˳ȥ
ѣʲôЩãȻʵ
ŷһɵ˰ɣһڻʵǿߣԵ޹ʵĴˣȻ֪ʶԷΪʲô
㻹Ҫ𣿸ϽѹĿˡŷŭ
ŷĻԪ΢΢¶һĨţȻָֻ˾ɥӣЦ˵˾˰ɣԼʲôӵĶ֪αػϡ
ŷףһﵽˡ֮ˣҲԼʿ˵Ǻܿµһ飬ħ
Ӹʲô㡣ŷ˵
ǰһȭڴϣȻݺݵһ˳ȥԶȻŷͲֹͣŹŴ
֪ʲôӵ˰ɣһųһĶֻܱ裬Źǹһʹšŷ˵˵ÿһ֣ǵһڴϡ
ԪҡͷҲˡ
㲻ˣԼڵĵУ㲻ˣʲôӵˣŷϵĶͣԪĲҽ
ԪŭҲˣǸ߸ϵĴҲǹһĶҪû˿Ҵ
˵꣬Ԫ˿µ⣬ŷ緢˹
ү
ŷתܣǴʶǱסˣŷд鷳
ٶȼ죬Ǳ˺üǣùŷ۵졣ԪʹһһּΪԳܵʹСȻĻղŵĴҲùŷòҽġ
һûŷüģһҲҪ
ڴʱͬʱ֣һֱӷס˴ʶС֣ȻڻʵǿߣҲܿġ
һ̣ŷһƨڵϣȻݺݵĴһˡ
ڹŷ۾֮󣬴۾Ҳ˵ľУһ˳ȥйŷ硣
ŷ뵽Էᶯֱ֣ӷ˳ȥǽϣҵʹһһַ۵ĳ嶯
áŷƵغ
ҹʲôǵУѵʶ˼ңЩɻʵ
ŷֱӷһۣƺûʲô˵ġ
˹ŷһ֮е㯣ȴ𽥱ѵУ֮󣬴ڳˡ
лȡŷл֪ղŷʲô飬¶µɫ
ղǹŷ֣Զˡ
лҵģŷ翴һǽϵǸӡӡ
¶εɫ͸ˡ


1409 һȺ
ϲѣľԲߣľһ֮ˡ۸̾
¶ϲɫѵ˵ҪΪˡ
ƽҡͷ˵һ֮һ죬ҪΪߣеôףȻԶͻƲˣҶ⡣
˵ͷ˵Щڻʵǿ˵߿ƺܽʵңԶһ֮ͬһ죬Ҫͻƣʵ̫ˡ
ҵǾõѳΪߣӦ飬дˣȻɻʡͻȻ˵
˵ôĲŷǶһ¡
ˣ֮£翣˭˵壬ϣҲԣֻһһҡͷ
ŷ翴һۣЦǱ˵ղĻҶţ˵ֻģһأ˵Ȼɻʣܹɻʡ
һвٶԵġҲͷ
˶ЩȣȻͬƳ磬Ȼĺܲ
ĻǾͶлѸ֪ˡҲЩϲȻԷƱ֮ˣǶ̤߾磬ȴûģ˵ôĲȻ˲ٵġ
ӣ۵˵ҾǺģҲŰ
һ㶣Щʧ
Ҹұ֤һ仰ǺأֵͷİɡŷЦ˵
ҲͷŮʥ̲ס˵ѷǳأղŵĻ벻Ϊ顣
˶ʾҲˡ
˵ͷû˵
ϲ游˵
ͷ˹ŷһۣ˵λѣ뵽Ҹۡһסɣί˼λѡ
ҲиۡŷЩ⡣
ڻһָĴиۡŮʥ͵
ŷԼıӣͻȻѪиۡҪûиۡǲء
ãȥʶһµֵĸۡŷЦ˵
ĸ֮ۡ󣬲ף״ǶôһֺޱȵĸۡʮѪסʹȣһé㲻ϡҴ֮ۡŨṩŨ
Щŷ۾ŹˣŴ˵ѣҽ⼸չˣ
ʲôһ¡
⼸ùŷĿе̫ˣ⼸ǳǧ࣬ӻҳģȻһܹ⡣
ŷֻ֤Ҫ㹻ܹͻƣ⼸ȻǹƲŷյġЦ˵
뵽д˵ŷִ֤ڣġͬ޵Уҳɳ֮УҪûƿ
ԹŷڵʵҪǺģ˵⼸벻ǿЦ
뵽Цѻɣ⼸֧ۡתˣ⸮ۡҪΪһˡ
ĻŷƲƲ죬С
󵨣㾹ȻҸ˵һڿնŷĻ֮ŭȵ
һֱһƽ˳ֱĵ˵档
˱ĹŪһ㶣û뵽Լ׾ȻṥԼ˶Ūˡ
ʹɫҪçײ
ףʲôʵ
ԼΪԼ׳ͷȴû뵽Լ׾ȻԼ
λǹŷǴһѣ㲻񡣡˵
ŷ磬ɫһ䣬֪ԼΪʲôҪԼˡԭˣ֮У˭֪ŷ
һ仰ȴɫǳһѿ
塣˵
壬˼ֱĳ嶯Լһﲻ֪˶ٱȻ壬Լ׻˵
в˾ǲ뺰ˡ
˹ȥŷһ֣塣
ԡŷһ鳤ӡ
˶һˣһﻹҪ
λ塣ܡ
һ壬˼ߵļ
ٺһЦС͸㣬ֶӡ
ͳһ֥״Ķ˵С
ԷƲ죬һһ֥ѣΪʲôöء
֥ⶫܹΪֱһ죬Ȼֱһۣ̲ס


1410 
һǵɴ۾Ҳίˡ֥Ҫ֪ѾˣֻҪ֥ȥ̳Ϊ۷
̤ĸǴֵı־ֻҪ߲ڻʵǿ߲֣ǱԵ޵С
Ȼǰǲŷ۷Ҳǰ״
л塣һķڷ˵Լ֣ˡ
һЦùŷЩƣһԼ
塣ܡ
塣
۴ӻͳһƵʯͷݸ˵˵ȹΪӦкô
ʯ찡Ȼֶݡ
ɾ͵飬ʯõֻҪܹںһ츳Ǳ˲һء
л塣ϲ˵
֪Լײ˴ˣȻΪ֮ӣʱˣ¶ϲɫ֥ǻʯѵõĺö˵ĺôܹΪǿߡ
һ߿ۺ첻ѣаƣʱԼ游ΪʲôԼŷǽһĻЩôԼˡ
ʵǵ͵ĸףǴʱͶЩĽʺˡ
ŮʥùãҲδΪŮʥȴֹ˵ҪҲ֪ŮʥΪսߣȻʲôö
ŮʥЩ˼ԼĶã쳣ǣȻûʲôܹ͸Է
ΪҲСˣȻǶ͵ǱҲһɡŷ絭˵
۾һŹŷ硣
ŷ绮ԼָһνɫĻѪֱ֣û˵塣
ʱ¡¡ŵĻϢơܵԼ壬ڷһصı仯
лŷѣĴ컯Ͻͷлá
ѪȻĻѪҲ̺һ˿ʵϢֻҪһѪڵ˵ܹһʱ䣬ڻʵ
Ե˵ܹڻʣѾǼˣΪߣǲܵ顣
˹ŷһλѪһ˿ΪߵĻᡣ
ҪСһ˿ᣬٵԺȻΪߣҲǿ󣬶ʿ˵ʱУһᶼ㹻ˡ
л塣һεֱӹŷл
Ѫڵϣ֪Լײ˶ôı仯ʵϹŷĻѪȴеĻҪϾŷʵǱأȻŽѪеĵһˣΪ
Ϊһ˿ѪԼŬĳɾ˻ߡ
˭û뵽飬֮󣬵ɾͻʵһ꣬Ȼ겻ѡ
ȻЩǻ֪
Ŵ븮ۡУźסȴ١
ŷȻЩżվӣŴٵһ졣
ʱ䣬ܿȥŷȻûнչ⣬ҲĲۡе½˾Ų㡣
Ǵʱֹ¹ŷҪյĲࡣʱԪˣȻҪָҲҪܳʱˡ
ôһ㶼ев۶һˡ
Ǻǣһʱյ̫ˬˣûע⣬Ҫ̫ˡŷڨЦ˵
ŷĻ˶̲סһۣյ̫ˬˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ˣһκ㣬ΪֹͣգоҪʼˣǸȥˡ˵֪ڹŷںʲô顣
ĻŷоһɫȻ˵߰ɡ
ȥ׼˵
綼ڴģЩȻҪһЩôܹгһ
ȻĻǵĴڡ
ȻҲںʲôҪ˳̬ȡ
Ҫ׼𣿡Ůʥʵ
ŷ޶ԣûһ׼˼
г׼ĵҺʹһн飬˵ӦúһʦҲһ𣿡Ц˵
Ůʥͷһͷľˣֲùŷ۶Ļء
˵Ĳг׼ģֻҪȥԺȾУȻ˷ˡŷ˵
˵ͷ˾
ȵҲûʹŷ׼ûУ֪ǹŷˣԼ뷨ñȥʡ


1411 
һ׼ǳ
ͺ͵ûи棬ŮʥǸˣǿҪġŮʥԼ˵˲ȥŮʥȥҪԼΪ̫ˣȥ˻ŷǶۡ
ŮʥҲ˵ˣһȥģͶսﵽǸĴڣˣΪȷʵ̫ˡ
ҪȻ᲻Ӧż˾뿪ˡ
סĵطʱȻŷǶ̲סһ
칬һ𣬿Ʋ󣬵ȴֻ֪ǿѡʵϣÿһ칬һһ嫡ֻͨС˶ѣ̺Ĵΰ¥Ҫ¡
ȻΪ
ŷǶһۣԷе𾪡
칬öȥ޻أΪµǿߣҪ֣²ܹơ
ȻδǹŷȴѾ֪ˣǹŽΪµĴڣȻΪʣȻ޵еϡ
СһֶβȻǸʱҲһСֱˡ˵
ŷǹĿһһﵽʲôʱʱλԻֱֲֿͣʣȻֻ˵Сû˵ȻУֶΣʲô
ŸĴ磬ʲôһͷľˡ
ǸŴȥǰһһǰ
ǿߣվڹߡǿʱɫ΢΢¶һĨɫ
Ǵǿߣߵյ˵غӡ
ŷǵʱȴ¶Ϊѵɫ
е㲻ϹأȻ˵ܹˣǾԲܹҲ̫˰ɣһ˵ϾǿߣϱǿԴȻǲη壬Եò
ֻһˣλԼҪȥЦ˵ûΪҲ֪ĹأԺƽ͡
һۣԷеľȡ
ղſڵǸʵǿ֪еĹء
֪סλһǵסҪ뿪˵һͺ͹ŷ˵ˡ
׼һ°ɡˣɨ˹ŷһۣ˵˭
ҡ
һվ˳Ц˵Ҳ֣ʡı˵۸
Ļ¶һĨŭɫȻǱֲͣں֮ܶϣֻǵѳƺһսСӣȻ˵βŭ

¶һĨŭɫ˶һֱۣƳһơ
Ĺ򵥶ֱӣȴܿ£Ȼһǿ߶δܹסӲĻҪˡ
ȴվͲΪǸͲ⣬˵ûиܵ˹Ŀ£վȴ˵Ĺϡ
һۣüͷԼһˡ
һ̣ȴ¶һĨݣ˵ȭͷȻȻǰȴȻû塣
֮Ȼֻж̶̵һ룬ȴǸ޾Ŀռһһ㶼С
˶һۣǴһµҪ޾ռ䡣
һжͽͣȴûκáǶһۣԷе𾪡ʱ˲֪Сǰһ
ʵѾ֮ˡ
ʶһ㣬ֱ֣ٲģȡˡ
ˡԴûкɫղĻȻˣȻǳˬ
ٺһЦ˹֣վһߡ
ڶۣһۣƣ䣬ǧУһŵ۸
ɻ趯ء
ķ㶣ǸͲó֣ܹܵ۵ʵԺǿƣͬԽǡ
ִʵ̫ˣò˶ãкʹƽƽĿԡ
뵽ûгֱ֣˵ˡ
Ҳǲ֮ͨˣԷʵ֮ϣȻٳ֡
һŷ磬˶һۣ׼ڹŷһš
ŷ絭һЦվ˳ͨ廯ɫϢȣѪӿһ㣬ϯؼ䡣
üģһӰŻʣΧħףĤݡ
Ǳŷ˽£ȫڲ
ֿµѹȻ죬ҲܵĵɫףһͣҪһسӣǳҪŰǲŻŷ綯֡
òд£ͷ۵Ŀըˣһ춼ģȺ˼ÿ¿϶ˣԼ͡


1412 λǿ
˹ŷһۣɫ¶һĨݡ
˶Ǿ̾Ȼ۶̲ס̾Ϣһ˵ʵ²࣬ǹŷϹŴһ죬Ѿˡ
ŷ磬Ƕôͣû˿󵽡
һӦôʵ̫ˡҲвʱܵŷƵʱȻݡ
ЩףҲһЩףǶǿ͵Ķ졣
ҿԽ𣿡ŷʵ
ϢȣѪڣ˿µϡ
ͷȻ˵һ֡ʵȻǴԴ˿ĵ
л
ŷ繰֣¶һĨЦݡ
еϢЩΪȽϵ͵һǶһۣܹԷеľһֻǲ֪ʲôݡЩ¥мŷݴʱЩ˸Ӿˡ
еĹŷ磬У˵Ƿͷʢ
˵ŷֱԳΪŽһ
Ȼ˵κ˶ϿɵģҲ˾ãŷʵǱ˿ˣʵûд˵еôǿ
ΣŷУֿȵġ
˽ȥһ嫵칬˾ϯѡһЩλ£Ȼܡ
һŮʥָһ˵
ǸطһƯУлţԵ쳣Ϻ
Ȼŷǣܹ棬ܵһɿµѹڸǿߵλȻΪߣҲǽڻʵĸ֡
Ǹλ棬磬ԽȾϢŻԵа͵
ԭģŷǶһۣ˶Էеľ̾
һܹɢµϢɴ˿ɼǺεǿơһܺ춯صˡ
Сӵе˼˵
˻һɫŹ֣ʵԲȴǺͷĴľˣҺʹĳӦ÷ǳУȻĻ϶ġ
˶ĿԼԼıӣЩ˵Ƕʲôҳú˧𣿡
Ǻ󰣬󰡣ŷƲ졣
Щ㯣Źŷ磬ʵʲô
ŷԶԡ
ѣǶǳ棬ǰ϶һ춯صĴ˵з˸Ҫ
֣û˵ˣ۾Ҫҿˣʵǰûʲô˲𣬱Ҳ߲١
׸߶٣ŷʵ
Դ˰죬һ˵߳һ󾳽ɡ
ΰ£ŷǵɴ۾Ȼ²⣬Ҳ̲ס𾪡Ҫ֪ڴǽڻʵǿߡ߳һΣѾ˻۷ˣֲв̫ϴ˵Ŀ
ҪңȻǰǻ۷壬ȴǵãҲǶΪĳ飬ұһѻɱˣǼһЩƵ˵
۷屻˻ɱŷǵһһﵽʲôͷǵĵжֲȻɱһ۷ߡ
Ҿͼǲ̫ˣǸһ֪Ըңִ򲻹ֻΪҲΪܹ֮ͨǰҲ˵˵
ʵϣǺЩȵΪһж֪һҲż
˵ŷҲѯʡ
ʵЩ飬ԼǽͣܣΪͲ֪ǲǡ
ǵ̸һȺȺǵ֮࣬ŷǵλǧǾȻȫˡ
ȻҲ˶һЩϹŴֻЩϹŴ񣬴ɢſµϢܶ˼ǣ¶ηɫ˿ĵ
һЩʵǿĵزһ춼ǵĶ֡
칬ǧսǿߣ뵽ŷǶ̲סһ
Ҳ̫ˣǿƣЩǿһ֣һĻ߶Ҫâ
һ칬ȻԱȻǿ߽ûλȴģѰĿꡣ
ŷǱ㿴һЩȽ죬ֱӱЩûλѹȻԼλá
ЩλõǿߣһɫѿǵҲȥѰµĿ꣬ҪЩ˵λ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣ѵλҪ


1413 
ŷܹоĿԼɨһ£ЩԼ˹
ϹŴһ죬ȻҲĶ֣Щ˵ֻ֪ȴ֪Լĺס
ŷӣ˱ˣЩơ
˹ŷһۣеֻ
Ȼû˻ᵣĹŷλᱻһʵ˵λǺõˣλǾԲܵġ
һ¡һ˹ŷǰ죬Ȼһһ˫ͬһ㣬ڹŷϣ˿µɱ⡣
ŷ翴һۣãȻʵΪʲôҪø㣿
Էûһ壬ȻЦû뵽Ȼһɵӣλʵܹ⣬㲻һϹŴһ죬ȻҲ֪νģλã㲻Ҳ𣬸Ͻ뿪һ
λҿˣ㲻ҪһĪʱóŭ
Ŀתȥ˵ǸˣЦһΪ˭أԭλȿϵģûйϵ㲻Ҫȡ衣
ȻˣǺ⡣
ŷɨһۣͬһǿߡͷɫģһ˫۾ͬһ㣬ľս
ŷн΢΢һ̷ı壬ȷʵһ߾
˶ţŷȴ˵ſϷ
ǺǣѵҪһս𣿡Ц
ԸĻҵǿԷ㡣ɫм
˶ţк˸໥ŶԷ˿µɱ⡣
ӴϢǵɢúܶǿ¶ɫǵûзͳˣʵȺһҪǿ󣬻û˸Һǳˡ
ȻһڻʵǿߣҲԵ޹ʵȥˡ
ֻдɫ΢΢Щȴû˵Щʲô
ͳͬʱִɫȫǸĿ˴һۣڵǸȻڶš
ǻ򲻴򣿲Ļɢ˰ɣﶪۡЩ˵
ߡ
ͳͬʱһɨһۣȴûз֪ڲ廰ˣ˲á
ʲôߣɵƣͷ˻֪֪ǰ˭𣿽ӣǺǡЦ
Ļͳ˶һۣǿ˹ŷһۣ¶Щصɫѵǿˣǰһǳǿߡ
ôȴûзֹŷˡ
һϹŴһʿѣѵҪԴ𣿡Ц˵
ƾҲܹռһλãֱЦ˳ֱǶԴ衣Ҳ˵
ˣʱ쳣Ĭ
ɵơһ˵˲ǹŷ磬̲סˣһ䡣
ᣬùŷЩͷˡΪ֮ᷢһЩսԲŻ￴ǳϷ˺ȻˣԹŷҲǷϻˡ
ҪռһλãҪʾԼǿʵŷ׼ˡ
ϹŴ񣬾Ȼǣŭ
СҿĿⶢڹŷϡ
ŷﲻ˵ҪɱҵĻ͸Ͻ֣Ҫվɵһϻ˵ۡ

ŭֱһֻŷѹȥ
һҲֱӳ֣˱ǣŷɱ˹ȥ
׳ա
ŷ粻м˵һ䣬һֻĳȥ˵ײһ
µͬʱ˳ȥ
ŷֱָӱ˵塣
˶ȻǺεǿʵָشȻǽڻʵǿߣҲ˰ɡ
ͳ壬ǶһۣԷеľ
Ҫҵλ𣿡ŷʵ
ҡͷɫȻһ־ӡŷһƵˡָоǰϹŴһļһҪɱǵĻҲֻһбˡ
ŷ֮ԲɱǣҲʱɱˣʡٽ³ңȻһͲ¡
ҪˡҡͷһŵӣֲɵӣŷͣҪŷλãֱˡ

ŷ絭˵
ɴ⣬ķλ˹ȥ
ŷתתһĿӣһ꣬ŷУһĨĪζ
ŷ΢΢üԷϵϢһʶĸоǹŷԿ϶Լûмһˡ


1414 
ŷתĿ⣬ȻʶԺ˵ˡϣҲ˵ģ˵ġ
ΧŷУһĨη
һл֮УʵھԵĶģ˭Ҳùŷǡ
Ůʥ߿һۣҪŮˣȫϨԼеͷΪǷ֣ŷŮʥ˵Եơ
ʲô˼˺ס
ֻʵˣܹ̹Ȼһƺ
֪ŮʥʵȻǺȣȴ˺ܶ࣬˶ֵĻŮʥͱסλá
оЩĿ⣬Լ뿪ʱŮʥҲһҪЩǿߣԲǶ֡
λãĸʱֱһЩɱˣսų׷뿪
ŷЩ̾طĺܲһ㡣ʵ˵ûʵûа취ڻ㡣
ǧȫǿеǿߣûн뵽֣ŷǶڳ鴤
Ȼǧʵϲࡣ
磬ȻһУһֹϵж磬ûܹ˵塣
һЩŽ磬һЩʵȽǿ磬ܶ磬ʵͲΪ֪
ЩУδûǿߡЩɨһĸǴЩûκ߳ģֱ磬֪Ĵڡ
ôŷʵ
˭֪СʲôڻױɡƲƲ죬쳣˵
Զļȫ̲סһ£񣬼ֱڿһһ˵СӵģһҲ̫֪ˡ
ЩѾôˣһǣˣǵʱ޶ء
ˣٵһɣҪһﻹʲô顣ŷЩסˡ
ãʱ֣һ칬ҾͲоһ
˻һΧȫͷƤ飬Ǽ𣿾ȻҪ£ֱԴģֱ
ЦϽ˵λ԰꣬ѲѾ˵𣿹û£ǾͲõˡ
ϣɡŷһ۾ڱĿ
˵ŷ粻ţǾԲܵģϾΨһĶӡ𣬰ܶΣŷǾ壬ˣŷ϶ᱩߵġ
ǲĻֻûмˣվǲġ
ˣϴĳĻǸѣֱȻýɷĶӺǸȻ̲סһ˵ȻڹŷĲԼеܲˬ
ЩŷЦȴûн͡
ȻҲһˣҲܹŷ˼Ҳûϱ¶һĨЦݡ
ΧˣڿһǼˣ˾ǹȻĻ޷ģһˣȻҪ̫ˡ
ЦһۡڴֵģԼһһȷĻǴģǵӣҪֳ칬Ҫˡ
֣Ҫֳһ粨
˶ڵȴ֥ʼ˵ζ˶̲ס̾Щ֥ӵзǳŨһϹŴ񣬶źܴá
ĴֱʣҪ֪ڳоǧˣϵ֥Ȼͬ࣬ҪôӴҩ԰ܹ
ŷֱһӣԼĿȥ
ŨڹŷĿըֱŷ̻ʵӣڳ̲סƲƲ죬һҲʵ̫ûмˣȻԵ㡣
ŷŲǣЩѵõĲĶǳĺô
һӹӣܿ챻ŷԵ֣һŮ˹ŷʵλˣҪ𣿡
ŮŷУһĨЦ⣬ȻҲ˹ŷΪоܺЦ
ЩŮҲǼ棬ǿߣ˲֪٣ȴûмŷˣһ㶼ںԼ
ŷͷ
һᣬһ֥ŷԣûʲôĹŷԵ֭ӣЩɫӱˡ
ܿ죬ŷ꣬˵Ϲӡ
˾ȣȻһӵĹӣҲеԲˣϾһЩ̺һС
һ֥ŷԵĸˡ

˶ɵˡ
ֻۺе㿴ŷĿˣҪֱӳԵͻƣṩ֥ԣԹŷĸԣǰײԵġ


1415 ̳
һݷ֥ŷŷѾÿڣЩŮ㽫֥ˡ
һſŵ¶ǣŷȴ˿ɫֻһЩȽǿȴܹܵŷϢڿٵ׳
׳󣬲ǿǺȹ̵ʵ
һʿ˵ǲġ
Ҳֻйŷ֤ܹ˵ı֡
һԣһһҹҲȷʵӵ޾֥һ۳˶٣ЩŮܹʱùŷһ
ĽǣҲͲˣҪǹŷԣ˱ûбĿܡ

գŷ³һ칬Ͽա
һҡǿ˶ȻҪ򺳶칬ϿգȻ죬ҲҪþȫܹ
ŷ粻һûжеĴ󲿷ȴ칬Ͽգʵ
𾪵Уŷһã˵Աˡ
ڳԱˡǵĻǳˡû׽ԻǾùŷӦûͻơ
ҲʱǸͻȻɢϢһߴӰɫۣͷڣһ˫ƽޱȣɨˣȴϡ
ˣǴˡ
ڴŵģȻһˡǿ߽ף磬һ˫ޱȣɨ칬
ܶڲ²⣬߾˵˭Ȼܹ棬Ȼݿ϶
ŷڵһվ¶ϲɫ˲Ǳˣǹ졣
û£ҿӣܵϲȻĻҲ
˾ȵŹŷ磬֪ļһҪʲô顣
쿴ŷ֮¶һĨɫҪȴסˡ
ŷüͷһ壬Щ
˹ŷɫŷͶһȻ󿪿ڣҵٳлл
Եúºͣȴһִϡ
ˣҵμ磬ҵȵҡվ˵
࣬档˴󺰡
ţ죬޵С
·һףһȺɤӴϣԼô
¶ɫЦ档
󣬴֣ʾҲҪ˵ˡʱ칬ȫƽ˵ѻȸ
ãҵ֮⣬һϢҪ˵˹һۡ
ȫڵȴĻǶܹµϢǺǸйϵ
죬ҸյĵӣԺǻļ̳ˡЦ˵
˻һ¶Ծɫĵӣδļ̳ˣܶ˶ĽŹ죬Ǻεҫǣܻϲķˡ
ȴеһϲҪ˵ӣɫƽ
վһϹ˵Ժλǰչˡ
칬ǿûһ˸ҵȫ˵ҡ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣʱ򣬹ŷѾûһ㵣ˡ쾹ȻΪӣû뵽ġһ͹죬˶κΣա
뵽ŷóһ̳ƣں˱ӣֱȻͷһ
ΪԵЩȺ˶ɫŹ֣˵ľ㣬ȴ˶һʳָ󶯵ĸо
˴󲻾һǿͻȻվǳ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨݵɫ
˴󲻾Դʱ򣬾Ȼƣʵǵɱ¾ڤȻҲڣվ˵ûѡ
һĻܶһҲվָŹŷ˵ŷ統
ŷɫ䣬¶һĨЦ
ûпڣ쵹վĿɨɱ¾ڤǣ˵˵
ĿˣȻҲɱܹϡɱ¾ڤ˵
ǺһЦվȻɱ¾ڤЦ˵ҪɱɱҰɡ
ɱ¾ڤһǶһЩõԤС
˵ЦˣҵôҺ͵¶֡Ȼɱ¾ڻУҲòͷ
Ϊļ̳ˣһڻУܹǡ
ɱͬɱҡ쿴˹ŷһۡ
ɱ¾ڤɫЩվҲһȫɫѿû뵽ԼҪƨȻĵ档
ӣŷ֮йϵ
ʲô˼ɱ¾ڤЩǿ˵
쵭ĿһۣŷǰȻȥһ˲䣬ŷ緢ѵɫȫˡ


1416 С
סߵףĻһ˵Щŷ緢ѵȫǻһ
ԼжЦȻһӵǰҪԷһߵƣɱĸסôܣǾԼһСһ
ɡŷ߹ȥ´һ죬βŵͷãΪҹŷĶӣûӶ
ܹܵǰȻȣҲ˿ѷɫ
ŷĻ¶һĨ˵ɫԼ׿佱κΪŮˣһޱ˷ܵ顣
ǱȲף˵ն۷ˣڵʵһ߰ļһһսԶԶ縸סЩƵ˵
Ļȴ̲סһ߽ףնɱ߰ǿߣ⻹⣬ҪҪ˻ˡ
ҪǱǿˣһϻҪԽӣ·ءŷЦ˵
ͷ֪ԼҪԽԼĸףֱȵ컹ѡŷ絽жЩĴ˵֪ˡ
Ӷ˲һִϣ˲ֱӡǴ콾ʵȺǵ󣬽ǶɳЩݺᡣ
뵽һ̾˵쳣ӡ
һ˫֣ŷǼһӣ벻˸ˣ˾
δǵ£ֻǿ˽ܹܲ档
ɱ¾ڤ㻹ɱҸ𣿡춢ɱ¾ڤ
ɱ¾ڤɫһףû˵
ȻԹڵʣɱ¾ڤ֪˵һЩʲôˡ
ǣһȺСѣΪûзСŷЦĻ鸴ӡ
ܹǿߣеĶڹŷУȴʲô㣬С뵽ĸɫǳѿ
ǡ
Ц˵
Ϊŷ˵
ͷŹŷߵǵԱߡ
壬һʵȸ˿ŷۡ
ֶ塣֪ܹԼܵˣԼ׵ѣˣҪ𾴵ĳ
Թ̬ȷǳأȻ۶̲ס¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷܺãûҪĶպ϶Ჹ㣬һסҵ仰
˻ȻǱΪŷ繻ˣڲףԭ˾Ȼء
ڱŵһһĿҲʵ̫ˡ
춼Щ𺳣Լ׶ʲôڱǻҲʵ̫ˡ
ܹ۲˵󻰣ɫǳ档
л塣л
ŷŹ죬ǰΪ
֪ЦеСӣҲǳ˲ãϣܹܵһѹԡ
Ȼһǿߡ
㺰һ壬ռˣʦҺ塣Ц
˻һ˶ɫŹ֣춼һ֮ϵĴһۣЩɻ
ڴʱһ˵ľٶǰ棬Ȼȥ̫ʦ档
̫ʦ棬ƺ𾪡ıֺεȸߣڵʱޱȾԶʱȴһڵ˹ݣƺԷΪʦ棬ʵ̫ˡ
Ǵȥ綼Ҫ𶯡ݣ϶ܶ˵ע⡣
СӺܶ£ʱһǸϼһԼ䣬ָ㼸£ôˣȻɻߣʵе㶪ˣϼһҲڻ綪ӡٺٵ˵
Ļ۾Źˣ˵л̫ʦ档
Щǿ߼Ҫˣڳ𣿳ɻʣĻһеǸϼһ˭붼֪ӦúȻĻָ˳ɻʵġ
һڻУҲƿµĴڵˡ
ŷ˿⣬Ѿ˵ˣԼǰǻ𣬵Ҳվ˻ʵ۷壬ΪǿĻʣһΪ
ʶѣĺͨĻǲءٶǻʵ۷Ĵڣǻ
ɣ˱Ƚϵ͵ԻǲҪ֪ҵݱȽϺáЦ˵
Ҫĳ嶯һﻹ͵ߵף⻹ǵ͵Ļǲаء
Ҳһ㶣޳ܵģ޳ܵزˣǺټ
һЦû˵
ŷٽŮʥʹ˵ǲһд󣬱Ͼϵһ


1417 
Ȼˣһ㶼ûе
ǼԺ󣬹ŷҲ˼صԼ档ڹ죬ŷһ
ǸӸոžۣкܶҪ˵
ɱ¾ڤǣһɫѿҲǣվҲǣԵ쳣Ρ
ɨһۣ˵վﶪԺ۾㣬κ˶ܹģ°ɡ
ɱ¾ڤȻаŭҵһ̨ˣԼλá
ĿʼŮ裬ƼȣڹŷǼˣһһ̳ƣȵĲֺ
ŷ翴һԼƵĴ뵽ԼʦٸԼһʱˡ
֪ŷĺƣȻȵô죬»Ҫһӳһʵ̫ܼˡ
һ£һ£ŷ˲֪֥ЩܲˣԴ͹ŷ˵飬Ŀ治ˣٳȥĻҪˡ
ŷסڣΧ˿ŷ񣬶ڿһһ
춼Щ˼ŷղŵĳ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ŷ칬
żֻɫǺܺÿѪɿݣȻҪ;ƿˡ
ô£ŷŭ
Цһ˵ǰǸѪһ£ӣҺʦûа취Ȼ
ž
һƳڹϣֱӽɳȥ
ȫһ뵽ŷͻȻ֣˹һơ
˦˦ͷҪվ𣬹ŷȴһҹ¡ɫùһֱӹ
֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡ŷʵ
Ϊǰˡش
ŷ߹ȥһϣ߳Զ϶ˣǶŭˣŷӣǴ춼пܡ
ǿٴι
һŷ绹Ҫ֣ȴ˹ŷǰüͷ˵Ӷ֪ˣ㻹ʲôģ㻹
ŷ¶һĨŭ˵ʹˣϣˡ
˵˵ǿĶӣʲô˵ˣбҪôص𣿡ۺǳڹŷ棬ǹŷŭˣܹ¹ŷ磬Һǳŷ˲࣬һﶼңҲֻһˡ
ŷ綢ŹڵϵĹ죬˵ף֪Լûĵˣʲô
⺢ˣ˵ۿڡ
ŷЦһǳ˺ȻԷϣɱѪޣ֪Ҫʲôʱܱء
ڶءʵ
ڶǰΪ˱ˣڳĹذҲΣûʲôǰ˵زҾȻ˵һֱһ£޲硣ŷŭ
¶ɫڵϣ˵֪ˡ
ÿŷ翴һۡ
ûÿʱһȴ
ҪΪ⺢ӣҪ˵ġ𿪿ڣѵ۾˵һһ̣ȴһȻѾ˼㡣
ŷϽ˹ȥ˵ǰܿˣ
뵽һμľɣֻǿе̸ЦٶԱڵӣŷб̲סܡ
ǺǣҲҵĽҴ޿Ҫˣʱ䲻࣬û̫Ҫ󣬲ҪΪӣһܺõĺӡ˵
ˣǰİɣȻأ;ƿݣǶ˵Ǵ󲡡ŷ˵
˻һ۾ˣ¶ȵɫ
ղŹŷ̹ܽʱ򣬴ûȥǣΪģ׹ӣ쾭壬͹ŷ֮ϾϤһʲôͲˡ
۵ûйϵǹŷֵܣҲ˿ȻԲֹŷļ¡
ģ켤ʵ
ߣϲģҽ㾹Ȼһ㶼ûѧãżҵ㶪ˣҵʮ֮һҽǰαôĿࡣŷӣ֪ŷͷϣһˬҲĻὫɵҲ˵ء
Ȼ𲻻£ͲҪôĻˣǸϽưɣѵҪܿࣿʵ
ŷһת˵ܹõʥҩʮ꣬Ҫдĵġ
ȫһдĵʥҩֶһ֥Ҫ󣬹ŷ羹ȻһҪʮꡣ
Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˲һ£ŵͷУȵȣҸȡ
ˡŷ繰֡
챬


1418 ҽ
ʮʥҩȫ˹ʥҩʱ򣬾ŷӶֱˡ
ȫ̺ȫʥҩеļƷ
ʥҩҲֻдܹһóʮ
ŷʾлЩʵ̫ˡ
֣Ц˵ЩҲѾòˣǹģڲǰ˰ˡ
ŷͷȻǹŷȻԴм
ӹЩʥҩŷ¶һĨ΢ЦǰҪˡ
Ҫʲô𣿡ʵ
ŷҡͷ˵ǰʲôҪֻҪֿˡ
ʮʥҩҲֵǮˡЦ˵
⻰˵һ㶼٣ΪʥҩȻǿߣҲпܳģοʮһ֣Ǿˡ
Ϊκǰ˵ʮʥҩɱҪʮߵŷҲὫǵŷ˵
˵һǣʵˡ
ȴһĨοɫһĨЦݣǣǺʦơ
ǹżһУСӸǹżҶˡŷ翴˹һۡ
߲ѣû˵
ҪˣһжҷԸģĴĵ˹ŷһۣҪѵ졣
ŷȴȻ˵ʱ򳤱ĻҲǲҪģ˻һԼ߾ˣԵԼġ
ۣЦãȴò˵ǳе
ˣȲˣȰǰˡҶЩĿɿڴŷٺһЦ
˶ǾһҪ֪ϵƣǿ߶ûа취ǵҪʶһ¹ŷơ
ŷ绮ԼָһλѪɳֱûСʱһɫȻ΢΢Щ
ǻѪЧʥҩҪˡ
ŷ˫ֽӡһûС޾ۣȫŷС
һɫ۵ٶȿʼת
ûһֱȥͻȻһѪɫֹת
ɫһһһֱʳ壬ֹƺ𣬷Դʵκãһǳ׵顣
ŷһ㶼⣬һʥҩƬУŷһץסȻֱӰһѪɫ档
Ƭɢ𾪵УǸѪɫҲɢ໥վȻȫˡ
ôܣЩŵľ
ŷ絭˵ûʲôܵģƬЩӵЧֻѹǸѪɫ䣬ҽ˵㲻ʲô
ҽͨ죬ˡ̾
ŷ絭һЦ̫Ļ
һٴγ֡
ʥҩȫըƬȫŷץסȻֱӰС
ʲô˾
ŷ翪ڣǳ⡣
۾üͷеϢѾȫָǿϲͣ˸ŷ˫ֽӡһûУϲʱ¶һĨɫ
գŷüĵԪҲ֣һӡûУȻԼĵ
˶ݣŷ粻ϹŴ񾳽磬ľ羹ȻܹһǼֱ
֪ŷĲԼĵԼʦְ»ߵĵһλߵĵֻҪܹһ㣬ܹﵽŷҪĸ߶ȡ
໥ӡϵϢԽԽǿմﵽһޡ
졣̲ס
˶¶𾪵ɫ֮ǰȻҲֻǳھȻֱӽ죬Ҳ̫ˡ
˸о𾪵鷢ˣͷһӰоڲʵ
ʼ档
쾪
żʼһߣϢҲ˵Ǵʱ֤ʵ̲ס̾
սӰͷſо𶯹ŽδϢ죬û˶ƿ
ŷҲһ¶ȵɫ
ȫ˴Ƕһۣòһ߰ɣҪĻǿ̫߸ˡ
Ͼߴϣײã棬ܹﵽļޣ֮󣬵վеľͷ
ߵĿ꣬״ɵĻҲ̫ˡ
ľҹһн֮󣬹ŷЩʧҲһһĸо
֣ƻָˣϢȣ纣һתǶܹϤŽδ
ڻʣﵽ硣


1419 
ȻʹֻǽڻʣҲ㹻ˡ
ϲѡڣƽ
Ҳϲ𣬽ڻʣǺܶζﵽһ磬ﵽ磬л߾硣΢΢ҡͷ˹ŷһۣ̾СӾȻôֱۣʦûֶΣȻҵľƶ߶ȡ
ҶѣǴѵʮʥҩҲֻǿǰκáŷɵ˵
ʮʥҩһڻʵǿߣٸʮʥҩٰҴ˰ɡĿ⾼
ŷһۣЩ˵ҾͲῴǰĻ̫ˣҼʼһƴԴԲܹô׽磬ǻһˣҾǽƵ磬Ҳδܹܡ
鵹ǽ⿪˹ŷһɻǰȻ磬ǺڵһЩȣȻǲ˲١ŷһֱɻԼʼ۹ͣΨһ״ӲŶԡ
ֱղŹŷΪ˵ʱ򣬲ŷڱѹ˺ܶǱܣ˹Ϊ֮
ԾʥҩཫΪһ죬ʲô֢ǹŷȴû뵽ʥҩͨڵЩѹƵǱֱڻʵľ硣
ϹսĻ߱Դȹ̾磬ԴʱǱȫͷ˳Բо粻ȵ飬ŷԿ϶ԷڽڻʵǿУҲǿߡ
пܣڵʵܹһսˡ
ŷĻ֪ԼЩ̰ˣЦһ˵Ҫȥˣʱ䲻࣬ҪΪһЩ֣ù磬ڿǲˡ
ԭԭ򣬹ŷûʴҲ֪ʹʦйϵ
Ȼ¹ع죬ŷ绹Ҫһµġ
õģҵأ˭۸С죿ۿڡ
ΪոͻƣȻʦĴԴվԼŬȹģҪǱһʱ䡣Ҳڡ
еҵǲõˡĻʱ¶һĨϲɫ
ͷ˹ŷһۣ˵ллˡ
ǰõźҿ𣿡ŷ練ʵ
Цû˵ǱһˣȻÿ
磬ΪףָĳԹͽܷǳأһУΪԭ
˶˼켸ҹǵΪ̫ˣûһ⡣
ھҪʱһ˽
ɫһʵʲôˣ
ǸطˡǸ˵
˻һɫһкһ˵֪ˣȥɡ
ǸȥˣǴɫȴеء
ŷǶһۣԷе֡ʲôطˣȻô˱֡
磬ʵһ˵
˿ȣʵÿ˿磬ͷֻ࣬ˣеˣߴںϣУҲܵ˵Ŀ˰ˡ
Ļ֮󣬹ŷһ㶼ûоȡ֪϶л˵
Ȼᣬ˵·ѹһ硣
硣ͻȻڣ˵һ֡
¶𾪵ɫȻû뵽Ȼ֪ƺ
ܶණʦҵģþȡ𵭵˵
Ļ̲ס̾һʦҲ
𵭵һЦûʲôԵõɫ
ѹһ磬ĶˣԲ磬л߽⣬ӣҪ˶ãˡص˵
𣿡ŷʵ
˹ŷһۣЦ֮Уʺѹ磬˵ǿ󲻣
˻һ˶һ
ʺѹһ磬ǳ֣ǶôĿֲоǸĵʣУȻ»ʣǵȴȻҪعˣǵ߻ع飬˵˭ء
絽ʲô飿ŷ̲סʵ
΢΢üҲֻ̫˵ǿĵˣһʱ
һʱǲָ𣿡ŷɫ֡
ֵĲӲȥ֣Ҫ˷ˡЦ
ΪʲôҪǵĵЩʲôŷʵ
һ򵥵Ĵ𰸣Ǿǲ֪˽ĶҲ࣬ŷһͻȻĿͶϡ


1420 ħ
˺أ𵽵֪ٶŷ粻֪һһӵĻȴһ仰˵
Ҳ֪Ҳ˵ŷ翴ˣҲˡ
磬ƺʶֻ֧ļ䣬Ի治̫ʼ˵
ʦûк˵ЩҲڡ
˶ʾŷǵˡ
ڴʱǸٴ˽˵һʧˡ
ʲô˶һ㶣ʧˣô£
ʲô쳣𣿡ʵ
Ǹ룬ŵͷһǸŻǰ棬Ȼ˵һ䡮ֲʱ򡯣Ȼһ֣㽫Ǹ޴Żϱˡ
һˣѾ򿪵ϱˣŷǵһ˺ǿʵʲôӣŷʵ
˫ӡҪǸ˵ӳĶһʱһŵͻȻըҶһ
ôܣۣЩš
죬ȻҪӳһ˵Ӷʵ̫˼ˡ
⣬Ǹ˵ʵ̫ˣñӳӣûܹӳǺͬĴڡŷ˵
ԭԭ򣬶ʱȴйճһˣǸ۾ʱˣϲ˵

ŷ۶һۡ
Ҳʶʦɫֵʵ
ʦǲǻ𣿹ŷ뵽飬Է˵Լ
Ȼʱ򣬹ŷҲ²⣬ȴҿ϶ȴõ˴Ŀ϶ˡ
ʦ˵ˣŷѡ
ܹ֮û󣬶ΪǰҲǿߡ
ʲôһ£Ȼ̲סЦ
ͻȻãԼչΪͽܣеˣԼʦŷ統ѣȻǴ磬ǺͻıֲľͺܴˣǴӹŷ㣬ӦʦǸֵġ
ǿ˴뷨ŷЦ˵ض룬ǸģһǰȻҵѣǰǫ飬ҿɲܳϣ㲻ؽ黳顣
ŷĻ¶мɫҲףŷڰοԼϾʦʲôˣԶܹ˵˽ŷ統ѣǾĵģʲô黰
ŷղŵĻڸ̨£ôΡ
Ǹ۸ģʦǴףһ㶼͸ɣЦ˵
Ļ¶һĨοɫȻڹĶ£оġ
ãȻǶ˵ˣٽĻ˿ˡЦ˵Ҳһӣֻ飬ǣԼʦЩԥŷ˵ʱˡ
ǴŷǴЦ
˶һۣܹԷе͵ɫ
˲ۻ飬׼뿪ˡ
˵ħһͣʲôˡ˵
Ļŷ۾һħǸû뵽Ȼȥ
֪ħڵءŷ˵
ͷһץһͼ֣ȻָһԷЦ˵ǣǽȥĻǧҪСһ㣬Ҫ͸¶Ǵȥġ
˵¶һĨЦ
ŷǾȣѵҲηˡ
ҵʦܣ֮ǰ֮еᣬڻһƬϣԼΪħҪҪ֪Ǵȥģ϶ΪǵġЦ
ΪǣСƨɲҪˡһۣһϵɣʸ
۾һڣǲõˡȻħˬǶʦȴĲʦѣȻħٴҲΪǡ
뵽⣬Ц˵ڣСӾԲΡ
⻹ࡣһЦ
ǵɫôѾ
ȻǾ͸ˡŷ繰֡
Щᣬ͸׼ûռûжãҪֿܡ
ȥүүģҪǸϼһΪʲôôΣ̫ˡŷ翴˹һۣˬ˵
үү᲻̬ʳһ˺ܾõ⡣
ŷԴȻܿ϶ĵͷ˭ҪǸѾΪˣҶ֣һ
ˣȫ𺳣һ


1421 ħԴ
춼֪ԼүүҲһȴû뵽Ȼһز
ˣҪôˣҵˣ֪ˡŷ絭˵
ͷŷһ뿪е˶һŮʥŮʥĽ⿪֮Ϊĺܿ죬һµʱ䣬ǻһһΪֱһ졣
߳칬ʱͻȻһơ
ŷһ£̱ô¡
ϣΪϹŴڶأȴûн£ʱЩ֣ˣûнףΪԳ棬ȻĿ̽
ҲǶݣ̲ס˵ԲǸСһֱۣûʵ
ã칬Ǵ죬ڿˡһŸ磬һ£ҪϮΪһ棬˵һΣԲһܹġ
һЩ߶
̶ֳܹȵˣֻеٵʵ۷壬վΪǿĸ߶ϣܹ
Ҳܹ磬һˣֻһǾǻ
̫ˡŷǶ̾
ڽƣ̫⣬Щ·˳ԾУŷſһ
ĿУڹŷ˵ЩѵõֽףǿԽ󾳽Ľƣ˵ûκвģֻܳΪŷ粹Ķ
ˣ߰ɡŷһã˶Щ
һˡ
뿪񶼣ǰħЩħڻǿռһЩطḻҲһֻ۱һֻۣûп
ϾʦֵܣȻеìܣֻ֮Ȼ
ħҲףȻżһԼʦ֣ѻҲʲôֵ顣У顣
ħԶǶڹŷ˵Ҳʲôܿϵˡ
ħ֮ɵۣħɽˮһƬ꣬׺ݵ޶ûУ飬ȫ̬͡Ҫħ򣬼ֱԴݡ
ȴͳεĵֱá
ϾڵĵطǿΪ𣬼ÿʱỵ̈ɱ¾ЩֻҪΣŻЩء
ǰһǳأķΧʿУˡ
ŷ£Ҳбףɫ࣬ɨӹȥˡЩ˲η壬ʱĺǴкԵ÷ǳϤ
ŷЩİ֮Щ׽
ŷǱΪеС鷳ȴû뵽ֻ㽫Ƿŵˡ
ΰ£Щôô˵ŷЩŷĻڹŷ粻ԶһϹŴЦе˵ﱻħԴڴħĴ£ǫʺ񣬵Ȼ˵һ֪ǴģԲ֪Щ
ȷʵ磬˵ħû뵽ȴöҪŷ̾
ȴҡҡͷÿɷ
ҲһɫҡҡͷɫЩΪȻ
ǸϹŴ񿴵ǵɫЦǲǺϿħ״
һȺ˳ĸǽһ죬ħӻǣǸô죿ʵ
ĻǸϹŴһ£Ȼǿ񾭲һ˵ħ޵Уǻ֣߳˭ܹѹƴħҴħʦҲǳҲ裬ǴûбҪģԼӾˡ
˵ЩǸϹŴ뿪Ȼе㲻ˣŷǡǸϹŴı֣ŷǿЦϹŴȻһⶼûУˣʧȥκս־һʲô飬ȻͨΪҲûκá
治һõطŷ˵
ͬУȫͷ
״˵ʧȥ˶־Щ˵һ¡
ˣҺϣֻһħ߰ɡŷ뿪ﶺ
ǸħһħǴħڵĵط
ŷʱŷ֣ħĺ嫣˿񶼣񶼲һǣħ֮еˣͬǸ˳̬ƽ͡
ŷҡͷħ֮С
ѯʴħڣЩʿֱӾ͸ָ·ˣԵ÷ǳ顣
ħסʱ򣬹ŷɫŹ֡
ħסĵط󣬲ͥԺһ㶼ɣ˼ĵҪȴħɲ֪ٱ
ӭλѡǻûţһ


1422 
ű򿪣߳һʿˣһȣѵĹŻˡ
͹Żȣ˸ӳڣ
ǣŷʵ
ǲҵ𡣡ԷЦ˵
ŷһħѿڶ
ħЦ˵Ȼ
ȻǴħŷ¶һĨЦݣȭ¹ŷ磬ħ
ÿ˵ҵʦн飬໥ΪѣҾĵӣҲǰдλ롣ħЦ˵
һ˽롣
ŷħһˣȻħȴһ崺ĸо
ŷ¶ϲɫ
ģ֣Ȼˡ
ѾȺܾˡħǰ·ŷǸ˽ȥ
ħĸۡ濴ǼͨԺ䣬ǵǽȥ֮ȴ˲һ硣
ޱȣһƬƬ಻Ĺ˷ͷ
˾̾˵ʵԣһƬҪȴҪΰĶࡣ
õطŷ̾
ħ¶ЦݣûκεɫЦ˵ʦȣͲ̫ԶˣǸطĺõط
ǧˡڡ
λһ̫ʦˣħ֡
ͷ˴ħһۣ˵СӲȻʦд󣬵ǽɾҲͣҪʦܹúõĵ㻯һ㣬ΪߣҲδزܡ
ĻȻǺ˵ġĻȻħ񣬴ʱҲ̲ס¶һĨɫ
Ϊߣÿʿ룬ħҲ⡣
ħǰ죬̬ȸºˣȫһһڼҴ磬ָо˿Цá
뵽ħħһԴŷҲͲˡ
ԽһĹһһ۵ӣɷŷġ¶һĨЦݣ˵Сһҵܶˡ
㲻˼ŷƲƲ죬˵
Ϊʲôʵ
ŷЦͣô֪ܲ㣬ȴҪӵ㵱Ȼ˼
ҡҡͷ˵飬ԼģʦԸġ
ǸϼһŷЩ⡣
ֱӺԼ⹫Ϊϼһһ¡뵽ŷӵԸֱӵû
һ棬͹ŷ˵Ǿûôġ
ͷ
ŷüͷϼһٲһЩ˵ưɣ˵ɣҪʲô
ŷĻ˿⣬͹ŷ粻ǸʶȻ֪ŷһʲôӵˡȻЩӣȴǳܹµһ㣬Ƿǳ顣
һоһ
ʲôŷʵ
лЩ֣ʲôЩԼȥңҪԼһСΪŷԼ⹫ǣ޷ȡ
ֻƬ³ĸ֡
ŷ¶ȵɫ΢΢ԼõǸֻƬ˳Ȼݸʵ𣿡
㾹Ȼõһ飡Щȡ
еĵõģڵɽСŷʵĻش
ĵɽֵʱʹħɫ΢΢һ䡣ŷ˹Ź֣ɽУܹȻǷǳٵģ˵õôģûС
ŷ粻ˣõһֻƬôˡ
һˣ˶̲ס뵽
ʲôоһ̲סʵ
ŷһ£Ȼ˵˵һΣգڽڻʵǿ˵㲻ʲôȴһߵʬһͷۼִػǸʬʱΪսսףѾֻɱˣڵõֻƬսսʦһƲ֣Ĵӵʬġ
ŷĻʹħһӵʬһƲͿˣŷʦ𿰳ǿˡ
սʣҺʦ˵֣˵ϸʱһǿߣųŵһսߣиɱʮλߵı뺷սĻ𡣡˼˵
ԼʦȻͻŷɴ۾оԼĺЩˡŷףΪʲôԼʦܹ̳»޵еĻˣԼıΪµĴڣĻܸɱս˼


1423 
ŵһսߣϸһǿߡһͷһߣҫˡ
ԭʦô͡ŷ羪̾
û뵽Ȼû֪սǰʲôطʦһǳսǰĸˡ˵
ˡŷޱ˵ȴһ˿ĸо
ȻҫţվҲˣٴĻԻҲĻˣʱܹסʦһʱأ
ŷ粻룬̾Ϣ
ȻȻ̾ϢһﾹȻˣжһֲĸоִڶܹ䣬ǶԼʵ˻ɣǵʵܹ𣿿߶뷨
սŵģоһ
ʻŷһ⣬ʱ˶һ˵һ´ڣצʦΪһأȼ˷Žȥ
սǰӢ¡ħͬʱ˵
ŷеˣԼʦĹлᣬȥˡȻŷ粻ںЩȴԼʦΪ˹֮ȴûһ֪
Ƕ¶ɫʶսʷ׷̣ڰ׷̵жЩܺ
Ǻǣ˵Щ˼ҲˣȻѾҵ˵ˣ㻹Ǹȥڵĵطɡŷ˵
˵ҡͷ
ŷһ㶣ȻЩŭû˵ʲô˵ģȺˣһصģȥʲô鲻˵᲻ᰡ˵
ᣬû취ޱ顣
ŷЩϼһ˵ǲʹ졣
ҲǶվһߣǹŷļ£ǲùʡ
˵ɣôܹҸŷʵ
ҵһֻƬ˵
ŷоһ
򡣡
³һط
򣬹ŷ绹ûκηӦǵɫȴ׵ıˡ
УԲȥ򡣡˵
Ȼ֪ġŮʥҲ˵ŷѣڲӦýһµĵطȥʮһȥֹ߳ģʮˡ
ΰ£һطŷ˵񣬶һĨˣϼһǲҪɵԼ
ڵʵȻȥˣΪ֮󣬵ǿԽȥǸʱȻǿĴڣҲܽˣܹӳ˵
走ԹŷǱ磬ȻûлߵսҲɣԶЩڻʵǿߣʵܹӳǸ򵽵ʲôطȻ̬ز
еôаʱǶҪȥģʱǾ֪ˡ˵
Ҫ룬ŷϵʿǷ˰ɡ
¾仰ȴùŷˡ
ԪҲ򡣡
ԪǸµĴ۳ĹóһЩŽ֮⣬еЩ磬ϹŴ֮ϵǿߣ޷Уǿգ޷롣
ɳһŷ֪ԷжôĲ
ԪԲͨ¿ƻ֮£ļˣʵԴﵽľ硣
ˣܹĹ綼ܹС
Ǹ򣬹ŷãж벻Լе򵥡
ҸѵԸ𣿡ŷʵ
ЩˬиһЩЩĲ
ǣ㸸Ҫ㣬ȴʦסˣͲܳȥʵﵽʦľ硣˵
ʲô磿ŷʵ
ߡ
ΰ£ⲻǸԶ𣿻߾磬ô򵥣ȻҪߵһҲûеô򵥰ɡ
ҲȲһ죬ֻҪΪﵽ磬УҲܹ档˵
Ļһڣʶԣ仰Ѿй¶һϸ
Ȼŷоһ˼
ԶʧЦ
ǵǾãǶ˵仰ԵøСŷЦ˵
ʵϵõЩϢѾ㹻ˣν򣬹ŷѾһ²⣬Ȼ̫ܲЩѾ㹻ˡ
һ˵
ŷȴȻڣҴ仰Ǹ⹫
˵¶һĨȵɫǲûоܾ
ǸͷҵʵԽ֮һҪһ١ŷ۾˵


1424 Ϯ
뷨ܺã֧֡һ֣˹ڳˣûо쵽ĳ֡
ʦ
ħֱӹڵϣ
ɡ񵭵˵
ħŸʱĴħһħ綼ûУɫվڻһü˳۵ӡ
ϼһôֵأЩ⡣
ѣѵ𣿡Ц˵ȻĿתŷ磬ѻǸ𣿡
Ȼûˡ
ŷͷʮ̳˹ȥһ㶼ûʧĸо
ǺǣȻѣ㻹Ĵ󷽣Ǹʼ滹⹫ҪǿˡЦ˵
ŷЩȣ̲סʵҵʼ⹫
ϻһתǼµٵ۷壬һһֱţϸʱһֱڣû뵽ǾȻΪ׼ң˼Ц
תǿ϶˵ǹŷˡŷףΪʲôԼżҵѪ˲սǹ֮תпµѪ֮
ŷ⹫˼ȻϸʱˣִҲʵ̫Զ˰ɡ
ӣܹƽƽ
ǣŷ̲סʵ
˹ŷһۣҡͷЦ˵ԺԼɣҾҸ㣬ҲʶǵĴ̫Զˡ
ֻ˵ʱ򣬻ɫЩŹ֡
ŷã϶ЩطûиطǺ͹ŷйصģǿԸ˵ŷҲûʣֹֻǲѣ׸ʮ̳þˡ
ŷĻ̲סȻʧЦ
˹ŷһۣЦ˵ҲԸ㣬ʵϻݣҲûʲôñܵģֻΪһЩԭ򣬻ȼۺá
ĻŷҲףҪӻõһЩϢǲܵˡҲʧֻʼ磬һνӡ
ˣǼ̸ɣҪˣѹŷһ䣬ҪжĿ硣˵꣬ʧ˵ǰ͸ղͻȻһͻȻʧˡ
ʲôŷɫ䡣
鷳ˣǰȥҵ鷳
ɫ䣬ϽȻ˵ˣҪ뿪ˡ
ȻŷǱŵˡ
ļ磬̫ҪĶǳ⣬ŷ»Լ
Ҫżһȥ壬ôͷҵҪܹôЦ
ŷǵͷҪ뿪ŷͻȻתħʵУôص
ֻͨϽ磬ûбİ취ħҡͷ
ŷ粻ٵкһ˵ȥ
֮Уʱ϶¶һĨߺ޵ɫУǿߴЦɫмɨеˣɫ߰
ν磬ˣ˵ǾսѪĺڿȵҫʵǶûм̳еһǿЦͷϽɫͷϽսףһ˫ɨ飬˲
Ѫվڴ֮ϣŭǼǿߣ۾ȴһĨ
ǶԷĶ֣ҵɽǿߣҲ򲻳±ڵɽ棬ֻҪɽǿ߸ڳǱ̳֣ɽǿһս
ʱߴʥȻȫʧˣ˭Ҳ֪ȥڤ棬Ҳͬʱʧ
Ȼڵɽ磬վľ֧սУѿԷǿߣ֮Χ޷ȥ⡣
ǿߣڣǻع飬Ұĵطŭк
ЩȻǿ󣬵ǹŷڴ˵Ļ⼸ǿߣûҰʸ
Ц򲻹ǣȻ˵ǿڣľݻ壿û뵽Ȼû䵽ز첻Ǿݳƻʰʱ䣬һǿߺһսȻҵ̤ƽ硣Ǹǿ˵
ҪһսһսһϳһΰӰ˲Ǳˣԯݺᡣ
类ΧϢһ˻
ǺˣǸЦʵɫмᡣ
ǿƣֻһݻܹ⣬ھû䣬Ȼһ˽ܣҲΪܹԼһս
ȻǸĹŷһ
ԯݺᣬ֮ǰŵʱ̫ˣȻμ˼սԡ
סɱ˽ԯݺᡣԯݺ˵
ԭ㣬˵ѵõ˽ˣڿҲˣҲסɱ˽Խ
˽ţƴʢ


1425 Χ
еˣȫڴϣԯݺᣬܴܶԷϾѹزȻû˺飬Ҳ˸о衣
ȭͷյĽģ֪ԯݺʵģԽҲǳǿƣǰһǿߣһ֮Уȫǿͬ޵Уܹ;ݻ棬ɴ˿֪ǵʵǿ
˶ӣ졣
ԯݺ乭ֱһµļ⡣
úáԽЦһֻ£Ͻ˸סԯݺļ⡣
Լ壬Ҳ̲ס˺üָѪ䣬ĿɭȻһν֮£ȻˣðԽŭ
ˡԯݺᵭ˵
񹭣Ȼ
ĺá
ԽЦһ˿
ԯݺὫˣоԼˣֻɱԯݺᣬԽܹһӡ
޵УŵģȻԯ޵پޣҲĶ֣Ϊԯ޵еľ͡
䡣
ȭཻԽ𶯣ɡ
ԯݺҲһ΢΢ü˵ʵǿԸ֡
Խŭԯݺ
˸ղŽ֣ƽɫѣԽ֪ԯݺĵȻԼ˵Ļ
ԯݺ᲻˵ֻĮվڵȴԽ֡
ԽŭˣڶԷȴðԽֱҪߵĳ嶯
ұȻҪ㡣ԽЦ
ٴγ˹Ͻ壬졣һħ֣żµİ
һȭ£ǿ졣˶Ĳһʲôӵµľġ
ȭľѧ֮ϲܹһȭûʲôԵסģȫҪ顣
ԯݺȻҲܵԷһĿ£ɫ΢΢Щأ˫ӡһͷ˹ȥ
𡣡
ݺᣬ磬գֱԽɨȥ
ɱ
Խŭȭײһ
䣡
һ죬ﱻ貵ĹûԽɳȥȾѪˡԽԯݺг˾һʲôӵȻܹӲȭѹ
ԯݺһƵӣǸûиܵκѹԽͻȻãҲ⻹ǶԷʵء
뵽ǵѪվϽɫѪ𶯣޸塣һᣬԽָ۷״̬
ԯݺᣬЦݺᣬȻ鴫û뵽Ȼȥ£ǵȻԻͶѾ٣Ѿûˣǻ˽ܣǺܿϧˣ޵УǾܹȵġ
Խʮ㣬Ƹ˿ֲİԵãһһӲã档
鵣ģȻԯݺռϷ磬ǱϾԷһˣҶԷʵǳ£ĵԯݺսܡ
ԯݺɫĮ˵ϻ̫ˡ
Խɫһ죬ŭԼˣ˵һЩȻ˵ɷϻ̫ˣðԽԯݺ񣬼ֱҪһ
ң޵в촵ģҪ־͸ϽֵĻ̹ԯݺһ㲻˵һ˵Ҳ̼˵ģڵİԽͱ̼ˡ
ߡ
Խһк˸˵ֱԯݺˡ
ȭر飬ǽսĵطΪһƬ硣
ԯݺȣԽսûʹ񹭣ȴȻܿ£һпֲսȥľ
ȻԽȻԯݺĶ֣飬Ѫ
·黶Ǵ𣬷йеĿ⡣
ڳһˣ⼸ձ˶Ƕˣû˸ҷΪԷ̫ǿˣһ֣ǳܹˡ
ʣµǿߣǶһۣԷеء
ԽȻҪˣû뵽ģͬ޵УȻҪܸһʿЩԽܡ
ԽҪɱˣסˣ˴һֱӳ
޳ܣǻҪôΧһǾ͵ˣ޵еİǿЦ·˴
壬ǲҪԶ٣ͬ޵УԼİɣڿֶĵΪӿ㡣
ڣ۸ˣع飬Ǻÿġ
ܶǳ˷ŭ
ĴǿߣΧԯݺһˣż֪ԯݺǿ󣬵ȴұ֤ԯݺܹסô˵Χ
һɣҰȫԯݺῪˣأ硣


1426 ʱ
ĬȻ㱬һ󻶺һ˶ռĴ۷ҶԷǰǿߣǺεǿƣԺ
˭˵֮ûǿߣŷ磬ԯݺᣬһһǿߣͷ
Сձ֮ءĴǿһЦ飬ֱ԰ȭҪԯݺɱ
ЩǰǲΧһ⻹ˣҿǰ廹˵Լͬ޵𣿡ԯݺɫƽȴ쳣Ϭŭ
վ۷ǿߣΪЩľȡ
ԽЦҪﶯҡǵǲܵġ
ɫԼϤԯݺĿģԯݺУǳ˲м
ǣõС𣿡ԯݺᵭ˵
Ļԯݺˣ˱ûڽɫУ϶Ϊһһͷɨ
ǿµһĻǴϢðĴǿ߱ɫˡڰԽɫҰףղźֵʱ򣬶ԷȻʵڱԽǺȻķ֣Ȼ֣ҲδԯݺĶ֡
һ֣ѹԽ
ҪܣѾˣֻܹѹסԯݺᡣ
˳֣ȫʹðȭֱѹȥ
ԯݺɫĮɨײ
һɿµԽȫɳȥըԯݺȡ񹭣ֱĵ⡣
ԽǵԪոӳ㱻Уһ仰û˵ֱˡ
Ĵȫɱ
Ŀɿڴȫ
Ǹߺԯݺ֣ȫϲ˼㡣
ɱҰ֣ôĵӡǵĻδͣסһʮµӰ֡
Ϊһˣ졣Ͻǵأûһ㡣
ԯݺɫأͬʱ̾ĸʮˣȻȫĸ֡
Ϊ׵ǸˣȻ죬ѹȴЩ죬Ҫӿ¡
еĻʧɫѿ
ʮһǳǿԯݺȻܹסЩ
ԯݺޱ飬˵粻裬ղ˾ȡǸҳ֣磬ͬҪ
ԯݺĻԷ̲סЦ˳
Ϊ׵Ǹ˷̵˵û뵽ô£ݺᾹȻ˿ҰҪ㣬岻Ǿݺܹġ
һս˭Ķ֣·󺰡
˷һۣЦ֪ǿǻûǿ޵еľ磬ǰУܹѹˣмʮֻǲмںѣڵһսûбҪ;ݺᣬûбҪЩ
ϻְ̫࣬ɡԯݺᵭ˵
Ļðüͷ¶һĨŭɫЦһЦݺᣬĿ֮𣿡
Ӧģһ⡣
û뵽ԯݺᾹȻ͵Ϯܣ˾ͱϡ
ҽһը
ǿߵЩȫԶȫѪһӡ
һԯݺȴû̳վƽޱȡ
оһеԯݺ˼ˣҪɱЩˣҪʱ䡣
ѵԯݺڵˣа뵽
¶ˣԯݺڵˣǹŷ磬йŷЩѣ߳ˣԯݺǻع顣
ʱЩšһǿȻ壬Ҳ׿սɡ
ɱԪʣָ쳤Хָԯݺ
˵һֳ裬Ȼһ㱻ɱҸղţƺĸԯݺᡣ
ԯݺ񹭣˳ȥǴս
ʮǿߣлһʵǿİȻԯݺᣬҲĲԶԴԯݺѹǷǳ޴ġ
ۣ
ԯݺս׸գޱȣսʮ۷·硣һֿµսǴȥ졣

˫ӡʵ˲һԯݺ֡
ǰǰеĿ¾ѧܹðĳԱʵ˲һȻ־ѧܾʹãΪͬڽһսʹΡ
ȻˣҲԯݺ˺ܴ鷳
һȭȫ˳ȥʮͬʱ֣貵Ͻûԯݺڵĵط
龪һЩǿҪȴѹס۾Ѫ죬񷣬侲Ҫȥ


1427 ԯ
֮Уûǿߣȥֻ
ܹսѹ£ܹģеٮٮߣܹװ
ǲܹĿԯ˳¡һʿ죬һţΪҪ߾ˡ
УԯݺΪ˱ǣźƴģȥֻŬ׷ˡ̬ȷǳһֱڣǳ侲
ǲԸԯ˳¡ʿ۾Ѫ죬Щ˶ԼѪԡ
ԯݺΪ˱ǣսʮ۷壬жµûš
ԯݺΪе콾Ҫ۷ǿߣʧǲԸ⿴Щ
Ը⿴ǳ¡˵
ȭͷ߬Ľأ֪Լʱܳ嶯һȥˣȻЩĺ󱲡
Щǿ߳Ĭһ۾Ѫ죬ݺݵĶŰǡ
ԯ⣬պҵȶȻ̤ƽ塣ŭ
ûǸˡЦĿȻ·飬ɱ
һԯݺᣬо裬ڿʼķ֣֮еţչȥȻܹǰ塣
ǰ岻Ը⿴飬ǻع飬ҪԲԶʱڵ룬ΪеĻ塣
ڴʱһӻзɳڰϡ
һ仰û˵ֱըˡ
ԯˡ
·龪ϲĴ󺰣һȾѪӰ֣һѴ󹭣΢΢ЩȴȸղŶҪᶨ
ԯݺûٴγ֡
ɱ
ŭһαԯݺΪ½㡣ָԯݺ͸Թ
ԯݺ쳤Хɱȥ
ۡ
һԴ棬ʱԴը飬Ԫɢˡ
ֻɱһ۷黶ͬʱڵģԯݺ״̬Ǻܺãܹսá
һ̣ԯݺᱻһһȭӱ飬ѪȾ񷡣
ߡ
ԯݺüͷûһ£һֱֻ֣ӵԷ塣
ԷΪ룬Ԫոշɳ㱻һɫļУ˲
ɫѿʮΧԷһˣԯݺնɱһ衣
˹ȥٴʹðȻƶȭݺݵĴ˳ȥ
ԯݺƹȥȻˣҲɨУϱһѪδϳһɡ
Ѫ𶯣ԯݺһָֻֻ˹ȥҪɱ
ɫǣͬʱסԯݺᡣ
һ嵽ԯݺĽǰ֣ԯݺᵲסȴԯݺᾹȻֱԼ˹
мˡ
Ǹֻüͷ㱻ɱ
һ۷㣬Ŷ೤ʱ䡣۷ɱ˵Ҳһ޴ʧ
ɫ࣬һһдۣɱ
ڣȫԯݺᷢĹ
ϽɫѪľѪϵ䣬һЩɽϣʱЩɽֱӷ飬ϰ
սеѪӵϵɱ⣬һĶܹܵġ
ѪȾ񷣬ԯݺἸα飬üβһ㱻ɱĶԯݺʧ̫ˡ
Ǹ˵ǣԯݺἸζ˱ɱ٣ɫƽ糣ֿޱȣɱһһ
ÿһΣԯݺᶼ·սǵȵҪɱʱԯݺȴܹΪµ
·һӢӣ۾ͨ죬ȴԺɫ˲Ǳˣԯ޵С
ԼĶѪƴǿߣȾѪ񷣬ǵο
ʱԯ޵УһַŭԼ̫ûˣʱȻ޷ٱԼĺˡ
ˡ޵һӢۣʱĸп
飬˵Ķھţǲϣԯݺ¡ԯݺҵĴսǶԯݺսȥˡ
ǣȴû˵Ļԯݺһս磬ǡ
֮ϣԯݺɱһҲһϣ˳ȥ
ԯݺЦʵǴ򲻶ˣѪѾɣ̫ǿԶͬףսزѾǾŬ
ԯݺûеϣоԼһֻסˡ
쵰
鱯ԯݺǵӢۣǵĽΪ磬սƣȴ裬ⲻһӢۣһ콾ӦܵĴ޷̡


1428 Ĳ
콾裬ԯݺµĹ⣬һһѱסȡ
ʲôһ
ʱԯݺٴγֱ֣ӽƷɳȥ
ɱ
ԯݺΡΡվ񹭣һ¼⡣
ͬɽһִ𶯲񷣬һſŴ飬
ŭһֱָüģԪ·ʱᱻɱһ
ת߶ȭһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
һ죬ȭͷըѪ䣬Ժˣһϸܵơ
ԯݺ˳ȥ·ȥղһеǱܡ붯һˡ
Ҫסԯݺᡣ
üͷһ֪ˡ
ЦһһֻǼǿߵ˹ȥϽɫƣǵأǼǿ߾
ɣҪסһ
˴ͨضϲ񷣬ȻãԶǣֿܹġ
ۼҪ䣬鱯ߣ˳ޡ
ʩɱ̫أҷıȽϺáһȱĲ֣һֻ£ס˰һ
Ĳᵯֱָӽɳȥ
ǼǿߣŽԯݺסǸмĿһĲᣬȻ·ȥ
һǿߣҿĲʵ벻ԯݺᡣ
ʶһ㣬ľ
ղʮŻԯݺᣬһһǿߣǶ֡
粻ôԯݺĲ֣е˶ľˡ
档
·龪˻ϲ
ԯݺսܣĲ֣ܶʿ֪һԯݺǿߡĳ֣жһ㱣ϡ
Ĳ˫ֺʮŰ˵ʩ㲻ҵĶ֣뿪ɡ
鶼𣿡ЦȴޱȼɵĲϣܵһɿԯݺǿս֪ԼǶ֡
ǣϲֻǿš
ֻʵʵ˵ʩǲţԳ֡Ĳü˳ۣ˵Ļȴðֱҧ
֣ǱذܵĽ֣һﻢµĸо
ϲģһѣսû𣿡һǳ⴫ɫһ䣬ϽС
һȺǿ֣߳ϰˣȫǿߡ
ͷӢޱȣ۷壬ǿʵȴȰҪǿ̫ˡµǿߣȻĲϣҪսʤԷҲҪһֶΡ
һϣĲذܡ
ʵԲҹǿߣһȻһЩҪͷۣǶ֡
ʵ˾η
˶֪ԲǵսɳˣȻڰеλͣҲߵޡ
ԲԳˣСֻ¸嶪˵
Գˣͷ֮һЦ˵սǸ嶪Ұ֮Уûηս֮ˡ
ǡ
Ͻ˵
ߡԳһȻĿĲᣬ˵һսӮˣǱ˳硣
вǵĶ֡Ĳᵭ˵
ĲĻԳ̲סЦ˳м˵ˣų𣿡
ƨ޳ܣѹҵȣڣֵõ񡣡һǿŭ

Գ˵һתϽɫⶴȥҪǸ˵ϡ
Ͻ˳ȥ˫ӡһײһϱһѪվס˶ԷĹ
츳ԲȶԷͣվڶԷԲǶ֡
һЩʿ
֣³һѪȻ˵õģû飬ǧҪ嶯ɵ£һʱҿǻš
ĿɭȻΪĶӣʲôʱԹĿǴʱȴòѹסŭǿ
ǡ
ЩʿȫӦ͵սȭͷݺݵĶŰڶǿߣȫŭ
ҪǵҿûǸˣҵɱУ硣ԳЦûм֣ĿⶢĲϡ
ʩɱ̫أسɷ𣬷ɵôڡĲ˵ȱʢҪȻԳһ㡣
Ļ̫ˣȥɡԳ˵
ǿߣһվ˳ȻҪΧˡ
ĲᲢģʵȻܹҪɱô׵ġ
ҪԶǰһϢһǳ£Գѹȥ


1429 Ӣ
Գ΢΢ɫһܿµĶ֣ǵʵǿһ¡
һſŴ׹£һµĹ켣໥ϵһ𣬶ɢſµΰȻһ貵Ǻ
ǿߣժ£һ֮£ǳҪ飬ֻһǳǳĸ֣ǾͲһˡ
Գǳֱ֣ת˳ȥ
Ǻڣǳȫڷ⣬ѹȥƣ¡¡ǻԾһ𣬻һɱ⣬
䡣
һ죬ɽʧɫ綼·ҡҪһ㡣
ţǻǻԣ˳ǧɣֹסΣһ˫տտŶԷ
Ǳȷϲǿһ㣬֣סһǲˡţǴЦ˫֣¡
Գɫ࣬ݺʲôʱӹȻ޾£ǻع֮Ȼһһǿߡ
ǺˣԳʵ
ţǣҴ硣ţǵ˵
˻һ黶һǿ֣߳ǹŷСܣȡȻԶԷȻûκƣѾˡ
ƾˣԵסϰԳЦһ֣ЩǰȫͷųԼǿơ
ϰ̫ˣȻһЩǿĹŽ磬ɲôˡ
Σڤ֣гһѳǹһ䣬ֱһǹȥ
Գǰ԰߶ȭϽɫѪڣ𶯾죬һ㽫ƬȾϽɫ
ȭǰһжûʲôܹڵġ
ۣ
һ죬ԳָȾѪڤһǹϽɫѪ
İԱȫɫһһ֮£˰Գֱƿ¡
˭Գĺʡ
Ͻڤذħĵӡڤ˵
ϽһħĵӣȻлϽһħͷȻܺӣ̫ھˣڸ쳣Զųħ棬ԵĽɴڣһˣǼΪµģȻһĻߣ¶˵ɱ
ذħĵӣαزϵǺ鵱СԳЩɵʵ
ŷֿѣĹѣȻӲܡذħ˵
ǹŷ磬ǰԳüͷ¶һĨЦȻˣҲܵסǣʶĻ뿪Ȼ
Ҳһɱ˰ɣһù٣˵ǰ֦ԣתſµ
ľҲˣ˰Գǵǰ
壬ҽ磿һڳ֣ǰȣûʲôı䣬һϢȴµ˼㡣
ȻѾ磬һ˫ӴſµħԣŰ塣
ڡ
·龪ϲǿߣɨ磬ټͷû뵽ڳˡ
˾һȺ׳գȻ磬ΪԼ޵ҴҪǻԻǺÿһֺУһ׳Ƕ
СɫʱҲת磬ϢˣȻδ磬ҲϹŴ죬ǵ츳ԼսһЩǿˡ
ҹһ׷ɱˣδɹ˵ǵʵҪ֪ҹʵ۷δܹ
һʮ磬Ф֣ΪͣϹŴ죬ȴһֿµѹ
ųѩ˹԰ԳФ˵һս
ԳŭһϹŴȻҲսһ衣
ҲܸܵФɢϢܸܵΣաФڷ˾ʱ򣬱㿪ʼÿһ磬ҪߵޣͻƣŻͻƵǰΪһ·ߵڣΪĲ죬սȴ쳣¡
ҲΪʲôФһԳսԷԭ
һΪǿš
統Уͬһ磬Фսκˡڻʵǿ֮£Ҳսκˡ
ФȻѡһֻѡˣǸһǰһսһǻǿָ߳ŰԳߵһ
һµǿߣԳͫ
һҡһѪеǿ֣߳Ѫ磬һ
໡
һ³֣̤һǵʵﵽϹŴ죬Ȼ۷Ҳܹսʤ֮
һһǿ߳еһ߳ˣк߳ǿߡЩУһʱ䣬Щ˼սˣ


1430 ת
һЩϹŴȻ࣬ȴ߱ˣЩʱ䣬磬ȫǳ
Գ𺳣ǴҪѹģû뵽ǣ֮еˣе١
ǿƣ콾ǲ
ǰȻֻʮˣȴ˸о־塣ǵϣԳֿܹܵµǱЩǳɳ֮󣬾ǰľ޴в
뵽һ㣬Գһ֣ȫɱˣһ
ҪɱЩˣһ£Ļ֮е콾ʧ̤ƽ磬ڰ˵Ǽһ顣
˭ҳ֣ȫɱһѪȵ磬ڰԳǵϣɢһɿֲɱ
ʮ˺ϰ˶ţһһǿߣֿµϢһС
ûȥ޷ս֣սˣһ뿪Ļ֡
Щ˺;˵ĳԱһսѪĺȾ˵ǱҪ󣬾Ҫٶ𣬳ΪеĻ壬ˣǷǳѵģֻսѪܹһ㡣
ۼһײҪչ˶ɫأȻǰԳûлġֽٸǿ֮ײǳԽΣ˭Ҳ˵ԼȻܹȻ
彣죬Ǹϵ
һ̣ɱڳУɫƽһɱȴ춯ء
ϧҰħֵһؼʱ̣ǰȻ϶ǳϲĳ档ɱ̾
ҰħǱһս
ԳüĶ彣Ұħĵܵ޴ѹ
粻衣һŮӳ֣Ż˸ʥϢɫһ֮ǰҲ˹ؼʱ̣Բڤڸϵˡ
һ֣Գ̾ϢףԼվС˾ݺᡣΪѪСһȻ˿£ôȻϰٸǿߣҲ˵ԼܹѹЩˡ
壬޻ءɽմЦ
ƾҰǿܹ󵽵ġԳɫֻ΢΢һ£ָܿޱ飬ָɽ˵Ϊ߶ȣҲǾҪˣվûгɳԳЦһսǴԿԾ콾
ڰ˵ȻʧһЩ֣Ҳǿܵġ
ǰٸȫɱǣǻûǸʵЦ
ϰٸȫս¾ǰ壬ҲܲʧɣѪҲڣѪУޱȡ
սսˣǸҿ϶һսǰҪڣΪߣԲˣϰսҿͬǿľˡڴЦ
Գһ㶣֮Բ˶֣Ϊ˵ʵʵ̫ǿˣȻǴʱǣҲ˵ٷܹ֮£Ҿ£ǵ³Ҳòȥž޴ʧ
ڰ˵ǲɳܵġ
ȴ磬ҲǾݺᣬ˷ơֻû뵽ǣ粢еôôǿ߶˳
Գԥ֪òó֡
ŵ񷣬֪һʲôӵĽǿսȻԷϰǿҲս磬Ҳ᲻ڡ
ɱ
հԳһҪɱ硣
ɫһµ׼սˡ
ڴʱѿһӣµӰ֣ǻɣ˵ѹ
˫һ֪˵һˡ

·˾ɫг˾ϲ
ſ壬˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣ߣۺɫ䣬ɨǱɫ
̫ǿˣ֣սڻʵǿߣսԿ⡣
ɱ
ǹŷ˵ģ䣬һְֻ£ֻѹðԳǱɫ
֡
ԳӭȥԳȴһľĸоŷʵԶԶ
顣
һ죬ԳɳȥڿѪɫȻ
龰Ǵϲȫ˹ȥȻ࣬սȴ쳣ǿʢ
ۺҲֱ֣ɱ
µǿ֣߳ʽһ˲䷢˾޴ı仯
Խ֮УһӰ۾¶һĨɫһŷ磬һ磬ҽձҪһǡ
֮УϽɫѪڹŷǴ֮£ϰȻɱɾ˾Ե·硣
ʽת֮죬˶û뵽ġ


1431 Ի
֮䣬Ȼʮ䣬һִѡԳɫ࣬ѿ˼㡣
һγĽô䣬˵һִǱȫڰʵҲһ𺦡
Ǵ𣬳˲ʣҪȥ
ŷ̫ǿƣ˳ɱǰȫͬȺɱѪɽ
ȻǿٱҲǵĶ֡
ȫǡŷ˵ɫᡣ
չŷûдŹκһˡ
ҪϾɱǻΪѵģ˶Ҫһʣ¡Գŭ
Լһɱż
Ҫɱǣǳ֣Ժʲôǽˡŷ絭˵
ҵȱȻɱϰ壬ֻһЦ
˭ҪһҪñ׼ѪЦɱһɱ졣
ǰޱȣʮ㣬ðԳзЩ˶ǿµǳɳעҪɨ졣ʱȻǰǿܵ磬嶼ΪѪǰˣûˣڿѪûû䣬Ҫˡ
˫ս峹ױѹƣԳŭ𣬻һĸо鷳ģȴɱزʵѿ
ǹŷˣʵ̫ǿˣ˿ɵֵùڻʵǿߣսս֣ȫһġ
ڹŷ罫ԳɱĻʮʱһȺǿ˳ֱ֣Ӽսš
ŷһסһӰͬϹŴ죬ǶԷѹȴµ˼㡣
䡣
ŷ֣Ǹײһ
ͬʱˣձ飬мսǿ߶ɫȥ
һը飬ŷУŶԷ˵ǿʵڰУԲ֮
ԷʵȻͬһУǹŷûġѪʹںһѾͬףȻۣľͬһУҲעǹŷĶ֡
ŷ籾Ϊٵ֮У֮ͬ޵ˡȴû뵽ȴһӲƴ·硣
ѪʸΪҰԻʵĶ֡Ǹ꿪ڣǰΪԻʣһʵͨ쳹أµ˼㡣
ԻʣôĿŷЦ
ԻΪԷ̫԰ˡû˭˵ԼһܹΪߵġ
עɻʣг𡣡Իʵ˵ɫ̺ţΧ̲סһ
עɻʣһôĿ
ҵǾעɲ˻ʡŷЦ
Ի΢΢üŹŷ磬˵ɱң㻹ûʵɫȻȻղѾ֪ŷǿ󣬵ǰԻҲΪŷɱԼ
ǵʵڲ֮䣬¡
أۺǰ
ΧɫŹ֣ѵҪֹ˵ĻԻʾԲǶ֣ܱܿϾȻҲܵס֡
Իʲţɫ΢΢ЩЦԭνľսѪһĳҵҲ޻˵
ԻʵĻ·Цм˵ԻʣҪǰ˵ߴϣղΧԯݺʱô˵Լ޻˵
˵ķ𣿡Ի˵ĿȻŷϽ۾ֱ˹ȥ
һ֪ԼǰԻʵĶ֡
ڴʱŷ֣Ŀ⣬ŰԻʣҳףһɱӴںƤʲôġ
ۺҲһǲŲںʲôء֪һУ뾡նɱ
ǿߣԻΧסˡ
ɫˣԳǸҪסԻʡ
һҲˣֱӵסЩˡԳǶʼƴˣȫǲҪĴ򷨣ʱǳܵ޴ѹ
ȻڰûϵƣѹסˡѶûͰһ
һȴѾ㹻ˡ
ŷǳ֣ΧɱԻʡ
Ի˸⣬֣ͬŷǴսϽɫڣޱȡ
ȭǴ˹ŽδȰԳʩչĸ¡
ȻˣԻȻǹŷǵĶ֣ŷǴˣпѪͬǿΧһԻȻǶ֣ĿɭȻЦ˵˵ǲɱҵģԺҪҵǡ
ԻȻˣȻţܹһսܹŷǡ


1432 °
һս˭ҵĶ֡ԻЦɫȻ
ŷԲһ̫ˣҪģǴԻʵš뵽ٴγ֣ԻʴѪ
ԻɫɭȻޱȡ
ûеһսĻˣһսŷЦûдŹԷһУ޵ĿܣöԷɳ
Ļ԰;ݵĹϵھ˵һǳ顣
ɱҡУǹŷ뷨
ǺǡԻЦȴû˵ɫмڹŷϣһĨ
ŷǶ˵ǲͣĳ֣ҪɱԻʡ
ʵϣڰԻʵǿҲаɱȻһڻʵǿߣҲѾˣǰԻȴŵڡ
Ȼǵˣǹŷȴ̲סеԻˡԼͬǿΧɱУҲδı֡
սҪĻˣǿȫ
ֹͣսУǰһĻ̲סľ
һָоԼڹŷ˵ΧУ³ŲУҪɱԻһֱڣȻѹƣȴһĶûС
̫ǿˣǶеľԻʱֵԽޣڳ˶Խɱ˰ԻʣǴ𣬶˵һ־޴в
䡣
ŷֻ֣תԻʺɳȥ
ԻʻȾѪеȻޱȣŹŷǣս⡣
־۳ХΧǧƣһָһͷԻѹ·ڿѪ
תʱգҪԻʴʱ
ͷϽɫĳ趯ԻʳХסƣȻ岻ͣըһһѪ֣Ե쳣Ŀġ
̫ǿˣŷһսŵڡ
һ콾ȻǵˣҶˡɫҡͷѵõ档
ͷһμ̬ˣΧŵڣֱ̫̬ˡСҲͷ˵
񶼷ǳǿ󣬿콾ʶ磬⡣ڼԻʵǿ֮󣬻̲ס̾
ˡŷ˵
ٴγ֣罣նǳը飬綼ڲǿն·һ罣ڰԻʵϣֱӽն롣
ԻʵԪɢ
˹ŷһۣɫȻƽԻʵ˵㲻ǿսҷ࣬صʱ򣬱ȻҪһս
˻һȫһ
ΧɱľȻֻǰԻʵһ̫ţֱԼĶ䡣
ŷ綼סˣĿһҳƺԼΪԻʣȻһǸƣһɱ㡣
ԻһЦ˹ŷһۣԪƮɢ
Խ統УһܵأһӰһһϽɫѪӣȻͰԻһ޶
ŷ硣
ǰԻʵ壬˵һ䣬Ȼ۾ǴӰԻΧɢɱܹԻȻдڷŭֻʱ޷أ޷ҹŷǵ鷳
ǿһԻʳأ־ġ
һüͷ˹ŷһۣӹŷУۿһĨصɫ
֪ŷп϶Ǳϵ򵥡
˵ŷ粻ģǲܵģϾԻʵ̫ˣˣ嵽жǿ˭Ҳ֪ǿ󣬾ԱȷǿĶࡣ
һŷ粻಩٣ı壬ԶԶԽŷ硣
üͷûʲôõĵģˮڣһԻʶѣҵϡŷЦ˵
Ҫ⣬ôˣ˵ıǿ󡣡۶ס
һԣԻʲǰǿǸˣ֮лһѩصĸ֣˵ʲô壬ǹΪǿʣܹѹѪѪ񿪿ڡ
ô֪ģŷЩȡ
ѪЦ˵ɱ˰һǿߣʶģϧǣҲ֪Ǹ޵״ﵽʲô磬ˣΪļУԵ֪Ǹ壬ѹưԻʡ
˻һ˶һ
ѹưԻʣ⻹˻
Ҳʵ̫ǿˣһľĸо
ܹԻ͵ľݻôܼ򵥣Ȼ壬Ҷ⡣ŷ˵
˿Цã壬ŷѵðܲײˣܹһӱܶ
ˣôˣǸҳһɱһŷЦء


1433 
Ҳ¶һĨЦݣŷŵӣǱˡ
ŷȺУΪǿĴڡ
žۣû೤ʱ䣬ֻһЩ콾ˣǶ׻ơ
ڹŷ磬Щ˻ǷǳġҪһȺۣҲֻйŷʸ
Щ˼׻ƣǷǳĸԸġ
ڵ˺ܳʱ䣬Ҫһʱ䣬һ£ԼΪصĹ̡
˱ܣڵɽ֮ǰĴҲ뿪ˡ
дԣǰҪߡһ޴ĺֱӺɨ˹ȥأǲߡ
ŷϢһǲԼʦı־
һѣɽûг֣ǲ֣ʧ֪ȥɽûоԵĸֻжһλȻǿ󣬵س࣬ҪԮ磬ǾԲܵ顣
ǲŲɰ±֮⡣ȻɽеǿߣȻ۸Ĵڡ
Ȼճ֣˵Ѿعˡ
ֻǣʧôʱʲôǾǹŷ벻ˡ
ˣЩϼһһأȥǵ顣ŷֹ
׿Щͷרͬʱָŷľ粻ͣһ죬͹ŷȾĻĳЩطδйŷ翴͸
ܶ󱲣ΪĶǳ죬ǶԹŷӳ羴ˡ
ã֮б˲߾ǿߡ
һգۻع飬ŷ˵ˡ
ŷһվȻ˵ͷ뿪
˭Ҳ֪ŷ粻֮ڣǻΪڱչءϽ֮УӰ֣ȫ嫵ûȻһ򣬷˹ȥ
ڣûһ飬ȻеӣЩӣûٻҲطġ
ŷ۽طһɭȻϢǵϡ
˴ĵطŷһ¡
Ϣɭ䣬˵УҪ˵һ˲ͣĴ¡
Ȼ˴ģ˻ɱԼ˵ģסˣ硣˵ɫ䡣
ŷͷû˵۵ı飬ֱҪһȻ뵽ǰ飬гŭ𣬼αΪһ㱻ɱֱڣ׷ɱۣκһˣ¶Թ
ܹı֣ڹŷ翴ѾǷǳ˲ˡ
˲Ҫ߱Ҳ硣һ
ǵĲԶһ˳֣ɫۣͷʹڣϢ絶Į飬һ˫ӿޱȣڹŷϣ඼Щ
һʲôӵ۾ûһ飬е
Ȼų飬ֺαںЩû뵽㾹ȻûбأȻųϢȴϹ˵
һӱ㶴ϤһЩ飬ʱɫѿ
۵õϢأҪϻ߾磬žһλᣬȴû뵽ϢȻǼٵģûбչأš
һ׶Ը⺰ĺˡҡҡͷ˵
Цмҵĸ𣿡
һʣԹ
ڸô죿ŷѯۡ
ۿһۣһҧ˵ɱ
Ӳɱľŷȴ̲סЦϣܵһɿµսǺһǿߣҪɱ˶ԷƾĲס
۵ӣǲһսĻ϶᲻ġ
ŷ˾ǾͺһսȻǴӮҪߣܹġ
úĵĺӡ΢΢̾Ϣ
۲ΪȻų飬ѾˣΨһҪģɱۣ֤ɻʡ
Ϊۣس۴һ֣ƣֱӺɱ˳ȥѹ¡
ŷҲ֣һ㶼ûбֱ罣նսӳ棬նհٽ硣
˹ޱȣȻһһĽڻʵǿߣҲܵס϶Ҫ˱ܡ
ȴ˿û˱ܵ˼΢΢ҡͷһֻĳֱӽ˵ĹסȻһ˴Ĺȫ顣
ݡ
ʹŷ綼Ҫĳ嶯ǽڻʣѾ벽벽Ѿһ˿ܡ
ǿߣʵ̫ˣȽڻʶҪֲ
ȫʢʱڣʵϾĻһЩŷ֣ɰܽڻʵǿߣǺһսǱذܡ


1434 ս
ӣСˣеӡǣѾն֮Ҫɱ㣬ǽѡĮ˵
˸ʱʱһƻߵѹϽնܲסֱѹ顣
ǿµľһֻ߾磬һֻҲҪ̤ɻˡδɱУȴѾնۡ
Ϊӵдƿֲ
ˣĳɾͣǷǳµġ
˭ɱ˭һأ̫ˡŷ絭˵
ЩζĿһ۹ŷ磬˵ҵҪ֪㻹ʲôֶΣѪѪ̱ܹ̤߾磬пܳΪеǿߣţڴѾõġ
Ļ۵һ˿˵˵磬Ѿ̧̫ˡ
̫飬飬ΪߣȻҪײãϵĻҸͲ⡣
ӡ
ŷƲƲ죬¶һĨЦ
֡
˵ȻоԼУҪһ¡
Ϊۣײã棬ɱ۴ϵŨ־ѹ¡
µƵ𶯾죬ضϴ硣
˸һֱ޾򣬻һֻ֣ǰȥ
¡¡
ʮ֮ϴȫը飬ãã涼ڲµǿײǿߡ
ǽĿɫȻ
̽ӽķΧ֮ǱֹͣǰΪߣû˸ҵ
ߵעȻᱻǵսס
㻹̫ˡ۷˳ȥԡѪܵ˿µĴˡ
ŷɫֱӳ˳ȥֻѹ£ɱ˹ȥ
תһָԣһεնѿһµĴӣ綼ֳ޵һУŷ¡

ŷ翪ڣϽһսսŷֱӲ
顣
һ죬ŷڵʵȻսսףҲںռϷ硣
սףҿĲĻӦǻҪˡڣо˸
һ𼶱սףǿ˵ʵдáȻһĻߣۺ졣
죬ΪΪķɵЩ֮⣬Ϊǿġ
ͿûǸʵˡŷЦһһһģһ߳Ϣͬǿ󣬺͹ŷһ޶
һ塣һȻϳͨ
۳˻ŭһ˫ᣬɱʮ
ĳŭˣж˺⡣
ȻΪ̤߾ǿߣͨʶŷЦ
Ļ˵Ͻʱ׷ɱʹùһߡ
ԭԭ򣬹ŷû뵽Ȼ֮䣬йìܡ
Ҫ۷״̬׷ɱЦŷЦ
΢Щŷǿ߹ȻҪѹˣҲô򵥵ġ
ϾȻһֻ̤߾磬Ҫɻˣվǻߡ
ЦȻǰǿߣҲ޾壬һХ֡
һ£֣ɢž˵ԣŽδ
ŷɫ䣬ߣȻ֤ǿľȻָ۷״̬µħҲˡ
ŷɫأͬʱ֣µͨ
ȳһֶϻ꣬˺ѳգƵϣҪ˺ѡ
ŷ˫ӡ˻ƽɫѪ죬ֱԶսƶֻأ˳ȥ춯ء
۴ȣͨնƹ
ȻһڻʵǿߣȫˣһСģпܻᱻɱ
ȴ쳣ǿƣХһ߸ӿ£֣磬ǿ߶ܹܵϢµ˲
䣡
ײһ𣬹ŷȫ˳ȥҲǺ˺ܳһξ룬һһѪϳּѪۡ
ȻˣϾǻߣԹŷǵȫһܵ˺
ŭˣǶҪᣬǵϡ
ŷЦһķͻȻ˳ȥɱ˹ȥ
ŷΪŪһ㶣¶һĨЦһȻҲԼֱ
ɫͻȻˡ


1435 󴳰Խ
ŷķûͬеһйʼǴŭУŷķԱˡ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷתߡ
ǿ϶򲻹ģŷ÷һᣬӳ˲һԵò̫Ǳ
һ춯صı죬򶼼Ҫˣֱӱ˳ȥȻʱҲ˴룬һȫٵ
ɫ壬Źŷ뿪ķ˵ҿӵȥ
ɫŭ׷˹ȥҪɱŷǡ
ŷЩͷƤ飬Ϲﶢˣ鷳ˡʵʵ̫ˣ統Уǿߣ˻֮⣬ܹģûжˡ
ɫҪתƴ
ԼףǺ޵˼㡣
ʵһ㣬ڻƴʱԺеǻɵҪԼЦŷһסۣûѵ
ŷĻû˵ֻûȥ
˺һһ磬ӴܡЩŽеǿߣиʿһ𺳵ĳ
˵ǿ޵еĹŷ绹ۣųΪĴڣȻһ׷ɱǱӣȻתֵͷûУֻһζӴܡ
е㲻˼飬Ͼ˵ʵأȻڻʵǿߣҲһ㡣
Ժذħǿߣ˵ɻˡһʿ˵ɫη
ԭһǿߣܹŷ׷ܵģҲֻˡܶ˸̾
֪֮󣬲¶ɫǿŹŷǵֻ֣Ȼ͹ŷûгԹˣҲЩǵǱͷʱһĻֱֿͬЦЦǻеĴͳȻһЩʿ޷ס
Խϰٸ磬ŷǶЩˡӦϢȻͣһ׷ϣһսȻĶֵģ׷ǱǱܣȴӶˡ
˵㹻ûСŷ粻ͣӴܣȻת
۵ɫЩڣô˵ҲĸףȻҪɱףǹŷԷ˵С˵ˣЩۡ
Ӹˣֱӳ֣Ҫضǰ·
ۺ͹ŷֱ֣ӽֶ飬ٶһ㶼ûм١
㲻Ҫ׷ˣҲϲŮˣ׷Ҳûõġŷ󺰵
û˵ٶȴֿݡ

ŷаһٶȸӵĿˣ뿪
̫군ˣ˵ٶȣѾǱȽϿˣҪ˦ȴܡ
һϣҲû룬һͷ˽
ǽ֮󣬶ʱɵˡϽɫ⣬ǵأһֹŷ쳣ϤϢ
Խ硣
ŷһ£Ȼٴ󣬵˵˵ĴӪŷҲ̲סЩ¡
ȻҲܵˣɫѿݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣĺ·
ˡŷ˵һתͻȻԻսǵϢȻ쳣ٵЩ˳˹ȥ
ۡ
һȺǿը飬ȫŷɱŷһԽĻ쵰ɱˡ
۷֣ŷõһѧΩΩФȻۣû١
׹ŷ˼Ҫ赶ɱˡ
˼ϢսսԼϢǶԶ
֣ɱ죬֪ʲô顣ʱһµϢϽɫˣϰٸǿ߳ɱ˹
һȺǿߣǵʵǿĶ硣
㾹ȻҰԽףͷһڻʵǿߣҲû룬֡
ʵϣûŪ׷ʲô顣
ԷԼʶĳ֣һը飬ڷ
һӵͱˣ˵ղŻܹأȴýˣЩĿɭȻϣȫ¶ŭɫ
һʱ䣬ġΪع磬ݻѾ٣ǵʵԳư磬Ǻȴ֤ǵ뷨ʵ̫ЦˡʱУǿƣǸԻ͵ĴҲ˿ҪưԣͲô򵥵ġ
ݵǿȻˣǿߣȴѾɳܵԶԶԽһҪưԣԶԶûеôס
ȻĻߣֳĬԾµ̬֡


1436 Խ
ǣǶû뵽Ȼ˸Ҵţǵɱˡ
һƣҲһ衣ʱ򣬲ʶԣһ±ɱЩˣ죬ȴʲôû˵
֪Լ˵ʲô᣿ǲܵģһ˴˱˵ɱˣ˵ᣬǼֱ̫Цˡ
ףԼˣŷǹ⽫ԼԽУȻðԽеˣԼɱ˰ԽĳԱԽԹ
ʱ԰ԽʵʹҲܺͰԽ翹⡣
뵽תߡ
ҪģǲٺͰԽ緢ͻܲϨԷŭûаա
ߣ㵱ļ𣿡ǸͷǿЦֱӳ˳ȥضȥ·
Էײһ˵ҲҪɱǵ˵ģ֮ǰ˸ɱġ
һ𣿡ǸǿЦɫŭ˵̫ˣΪԼħܹ㻹Զء
ĿǸǿһۣĮȻ˵ǲҵĻҲûа취ֻҪǲһ±֪𣬹ŷǰԽУ֮ǰ˱ɱġ
˻һĳԱȫɫ
ŷۣ˵ĵˣ˾Ȼǰ壬ֱһֲ˼ĸо
ŷ۶һۣ֪ˡ
ǰԽ磬ȻսսϢҲᱻ֡
Ȼһ̣Ǹнڻʵǿ͵ת˵ôĵӣǾȻҰԽ磬Ƕˡ
ߡ
ŷ֪ԼˣǸϽ𣬾Ҫ˺뿪
߲ˡЦһֽضϹŷǵȥ·Ȼ⻪һ뿪
ûᣬʵǻ֣߳ҪסһҪߵǸͲܵ飬ʵǻԳ֣Ѿܹɱˡ
ŷûгȥǵǰ·ضϣɫѿǶһۣܹԷеء
鷳ˣڰԽУǶΣˣȱ׷ɱҪΣյĶࡣ
ǰӲб׷ɱȥסʲôŷ˵һ䣬ɫȴڴ⡣
ֻҪɱʲôû뵽ǾȻһ죬ԽУ˭ˡǸڻʵǿߴЦ
ϹգŷͻȻʵ
΢΢һ£ԷȻû׹ŷʲô˼
ڴʱŷͻȻˣһʮ𶯣Ϣ˲˺üŷ˫ֽӡֱӴ졣
µǸڻʵİǿߵһϽ㿪
һ̫ˣʹܵв
ر飬·ĩһȫΪ˻ɵһƬȻգ֮飬һֽ޽
ۡ
ը飬ǵķӦ΢һ㣬һɱ
ǸڻʵİǿߣȴܣȻҪȥȴͶ㲻ŷȫܵĻ³»ҡ
뵽ǿһҧԭأʩչȻȭ
ֿµײһһƬմ𡣶ڻʵİǿߣֱӺɳȥը飬ֻԪӳȥҲһѺۡ
ŷһشһ˵˱Դ
ȻˣԷʵҲ½㲻ֹ
ûм֣ȻŷҪɱһڻʵĸ֣Ҳ֪ǲܵ顣
ڻʵǿߣʵ̫ɱˡ
־ǿߣǲĺɱǡ
ߡ
ŷһȥ
ڴʱһָͷ˳ϢƣϽдſµѹ·һϢܹɱŷǡ
ߣһʵĻߣȻʱ֣Ҫŷǵɱ
ŷתߣӲ
޵УǸ͵סӲ֮£䲻еڶֽ
ߵ𣿡ĮȻǸ˵Ǹָͷ׷˹ݺѹ䣬·һ㵹ˡ
ŷǱɫžı죬½ѹȣ߼ֱ̫ǿˡ˵ɽߣվڵϻһսھ֮ϵĻߣǿ˲ĵز
֮䣬ûпɱԡ
һָͷѹ䣬ŷǱ㵲סֻеĽ֡ȻǶԷһп¶ǶĴڣͲһϵġ
˵ǣǿĻʣҲδܹӵ


1437 սʥ
ͰԻʲһǰĻʣվڻ۷壬졣ˣվڻʵ۷壬ҲδйĳƺţҲԵĿ£вǸĴڡ
һʳ֣ŷ۷ӴܣⲻܹĴڣͲǶ֡
䡣
ָֻͷֱѹȥȻŷٶٿ죬ȻٽӽʵϣĻʿ϶Ϸˣǣˣ˵ٶȣӲԶ
ɶ񡣡
ŷһɫ
ɫȻپ˲񣬷Եúƽٶȼ죬һƬƬҪѶԷĻɱ
ǣһжûãǸָͷȻڽӽҪǻɱ
쵰ǧʱ䣬ܹǡ۶̲סˡ
ϣȻǳɻʣҲҵĶ֣һңҲս졣
Ȼֺݽɫ𣬶һʱǻʵ۷ǿߣÿһʱĻʵǿߣȻ˼սҹŽܡҹô£ĻߣѾԽĲΡ
һǿߣǶһۣԷеĺȻ
ǲ˵Ӵܡ˲ִУǲǵԸ
ˣϲˣȥɡǸĮȻָֻͷٶȱøˣ֮䣬׷˹ŷǡ
ɱ
ŷ۴ǼȱͬʱԼΪǿĹʱû˿ѹեеÿһǱȫ
ŷ֮ϣԽԼʵ˫ӡԶս߶ѣȥһ˲䣬ض㸲ˣɽʧɫ޹⣬ǳͣ׹䣬Ȼը飬Խ綼΢
߽߾һһ˵дһ
Ҳ֣ƣֺգǧȻֱӻһۣһ˫飬еĳ
𡣡
ٴξ
֮Ȼɱ㣬ҲҪʶһ£ŭ𡣡ߣɱ죬ʮ
Ц߲м˵
ֳΣһİСߣƣϽɫͷЩҰˣһ˫ȴ·棬Źŷˣ
ڼߵϣʵ̫ڿˣǶһֳܲסĸо
ŷֱӳ֣ԼΪµĹ
綼·𲻸ˣʱȫֹֻпµĻڱҪһСһֿµľ˲
ȻеĳԱҲв˻ܵһ޵еƣڵϣɪɪ
ϡȻ仰ᵯָ
ŷǶо쳣ǿ˲䱻ˣͨ飬Ǻɳȥһը
һһ˿˵ĮޱȣһĨŪЦݣɱ˽ܵ飬öδˣڿٴһ
ŷǿЦûа취򣬶Է̫ǿˣߣֺˣĻߣһϢܹش֮£ɽߣֱЦһǵʵĻеǿ߸ûа취ȡ
ڣǲǼʶ˻ߵǿߡ
ˣǸˡǸ߿ڣһֻѹ䣬ŷУҪɱ
˶һۣǶԷеľȻǶ֣ҲԸִСǾҪʵƴһѡ
ɡ¶һĨЦݣԵøѿˡ
ð
һһֱӺɨȥݺݵڰߵϰѵǿüͷһ壬˻
ʦ
ŷ纰һ¶ϲɫ
˵̫Ϥˣ֮⣬Ǳˡʦǰһʱʧû뵽һ֣һľϲ
ɻˣʱգȻѾΪ˻ߡ
վУŰߣ˵ҲһʣԳ֣Ҫɱ±Ц𣿡
Ǻˣʵ
ѪУ޸û¶ʲôŭɫһƽʵ
ﶷսʥʣҪɱ֮Уһҵӡյ˵ոճɻʣʵߣǲη塣
սʥʣÿ֣ϧûǷʵ㲻ҵĶ֡Į˵ʮ㡣
һ۱ܹǸոճɻʣִȻҲǻʣǺе̫ˡ
ȻĻղյһͲֹǽĹͷˣǽֶ顣Ż˵Ļ˵ղĶҲϣŰߣ˵ڲĶ֣ҪɱҲô׵ģ粻Ҫˣһս綼Ҫٵ


1438 ûһս
һû˵
ʵϣյĻ˵һ㶼󣬶ԷҪɱԲô򵥵ģһսԽ綼ٵ
ʧ߳ܲ
ŭΪոջع飬һЩûвȫҪֹ˼ɡǰİԽ磬ȻսҲδܹҡԽĸ
Ҫˣ׶ģˣŵ뿪ˡյ˵¶һĨЦݣתҪŹŷ뿪
𣿡Ǹ˵
һս𣿡ʡ
ɫ¶һĨЦݣĵϢͬǿ󣬱֮˿ֱӳ֣סԽ硣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ц˵ߣôѵΪֻл𣿡
յĻӰ߳ͬɢǿĻϢ
ɫ΢䣬û뵽վȻҲܹҳôߡ
ʶ𣬰ӵоԵơΪǴڵ£㹻ľԶЩ½Ļߣʵǡ
ȻȻ磬վǻߣҪܶԷɱҲô׵ġ
Ϊߣܹһս𣿡ǿޱȣ˵ǼȻˣǾͲˡ
䡣
Խ֮ϣͻȻһ죬һӰ֣дһĨȻ·һһ㡣
һİĻߣŷûмڶԷϣŷȴܵһϤϢһ˵ĸо
ùŷɻ˭Ȼһָо
߷ࡣߡⲻһĻߣһ߷ַ࣬Ȼӵǿսȴܳ־á
ǻ߷࣬ǻࡣЦ˵
࣬Ǻͻ߷಻ͬһ
Ǹϱһɫѿ
û뵽֮ˣȻʶң˸˰ǸİĻߵ˵ȴðĻߵɫǳѿ
ϱ뵽ƺǾһĳ嶯ôҲˡ
˭Ҫɱһڹŷ羪ϲУսȻҲˣͬͶӰ˷࣬쳣ǿ
ʼ档ŷ羪ϲغ
˹ŷһۣս¶һĨЦݣ˵ܲûиҶˡ
һǶԹŷϿɣŷȻˣݺݵĵ˵ͷһӡ佱κ˵ֵø˵顣
Խ٣ɫѿǶһۣԷ۾еԥ
ǻеƣȴԥ׶òáԽ٣һɱڰԽû̫׼ʱԽ¶ҪڣҲܵʧڰ˵ǲɳܵ顣
뿪ЩҲԸ⣬Ϊ̫ˣ˴ˣǻĻǶ˾Ͷˡ
ڴʱһϢһʱðһ
˵ĻߣľǾ˵ĻߣҲȻ˵ƣҲδܹԵǡ
һܣǻսܣΪҪع磬ֹһҲڹؼʱ򣬻лɱˣһǵĵˡ
뵽ɫѿ
ΣҪһս񣿡ʵɫЩ
ļλɫѿɱȻա
䡣
գֱһ˳ȥ޽ɣԷȻĿⶢȻ
ڲһս˲ǶԷոûһ˼ˡ
֣߳סյһմ飬ǳȫˣǻ֮Ľսµ˼㡣
·һƬʧȫĨɱˡ
ŷ۶һۣԷеĺȻЩʵ̫ˣ֣ôµơ
ߴŭ
ɱһԣմ𣬱ǸӵİԵ
ŭмð˻⣬ǶݺݵĶգֱҪһ
ߣһȺϲģս͸ʵһ㣬ͽܣߡһסۺ͹ŷ磬ֱ˺磬뿪
߶뿪ıӰһ仰˵гҵɱʮ㾲裬һĳ裬ǰһʲôʱܹ顣
뿪ˣܳʱ䣬Żָƽ
һʱ䡣ߵɫ
ٴγ֣ŷѾ˵ɽ硣Ų˲Դϵ亹һˡ
ŷɴ۾վȻţû
ŷɫЦΪǼϻȫʸͻһսĸҪĵһսǲǶ֡


1439 컯
ļߣԶʱЩڣǵжǿ˭Ҳ˵壬ֻдﵽǸεˣܹŸܵ
գòԼǵĶ֣ǵǿ
ŷ۵ͷǻеµĸоԷ̫ǿˣȫ޷ֿĸовһľĸо
ҺߵҲ٣ߣ̫ˡŷ̾
ǰϡĴڣڻһ߳һվߡ
ʦҲǵģȻ͵͵ȥɻˣ˵ҪɻʣҪһʱ𣿡ŷЩɻʵ
յһЦ˳ȻĳɻʣҪһʱ䣬ΪֱӶɽٳɻʣ˵ǾͿ˺ܶˡ
յʵҪ߽٣Ǻܼ򵥵ġֻùŷ𾪵ǣȻܹȹ߽١
ֽ̫̫ˣֱҪ˻ٵҪɽ٣Уδмܹɹģŷû뵽վȻɹˣ˾̾
ԯݺᣬɱݸԷҲ»߽٣ֻǸտʼԷܲˣȻǺɱ
ʦֻ߽׹ŷʵ
˹ŷһۣյ˵һڤӵѺͼλұɡ
˻
ŷͬʱһǿߣȲ߽٣Ҫ˰ܹɹ
֪ܹѾɻʵգѵĴڣȻ򵥣ǻߡ
ֻǸо綼Ҫˣǿ̫ˣɻʣվϣǲѧңûбҪðգúɹ̤߾磬ڵΣգЩΪǵס˵
ʦΪڷ絲ĴһŷЦ
˹ŷһۣû˵˲Զһ˵úõĺͼžһʱɡ
һ뿪ͬʱһȺݺݺȫ˹
Ůٻˣǿŷʱ򣬶ʱ¶ϲɫ
ϹˡٻΧ
һȺŮˣ̲סҡͷŷһҲʵ̫ˣת뿪Ȼﵱݡ
ŷٺһЦһ磬һȺŮ˾뿪ˡ
ħҲȻʼ磬ʶȤûȥŹŷǣЦھɵӣ֪ŷʲôȥǣǸԼҲʹء
󣬹ŷ뿪ƶˣϢǡ
û£һЦ˵һһΣǿС̶ˡ
ùŷƣҡ
Ҳףŷ֮ԻȫΪϵĵʵ̫ˣԲǹŷ粻һ𣬶Ϊŷûʱ䡣
ڹŷԸǺûвĻŷԸһ뵽ǾԼղŵĻЩˡ
ԲҸղŵĻġǸϽ˵
ŷ翴һۣЦ˵֮䣬Ҫô𣿡
ЦЦͷ˹ŷϡ
֪ж೤ʱ䣬δܰĿһˡ
·һȺŮͥԺУڻɽһСׯ԰ΪסϰɽòĽ˭ҲЧ¡
ɽ֮Уܹʸ㽨춫ģ¾⼸Ůˡǻˣտ϶ͬ⡣
ŷǻ̲֮סȤȥˣƽʱһɽ˵ӣû뵽Ȼ֪Զʳ˵ôͷ
ĽĽҲȥ͵ȥҲġЦе˵һɽ˵ӡ
ʵԴӺ͹ŷһ֮ǾͲôˡ
ҲŲҪأ󲻻Ǳ󻵵Ц˵ʵǷǳĶġ
㲻ҪҪˣϹȥԶʳȥվѾͷ֪ʲôǿһѱסŷ硣
ϣǲŷЦһѱסȣʧ
˰ɣٻһۡ
һֹۣһ䣬ȴûʲôӡһദô꣬Ѿã໥֮䣬õĲˣȻ
ڵɽУ˺ܳʱ䣬ŷһϢ
컯ˡ۴һϢ
ʲôطŷЩȡ
ŵʵĵطһبűڵ磬ʵʬǺʹУܹȥõһĻԵ˵
ŷҡͷֱӷ˵ûȤ
ȻЩ⣬Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļ
ʵĹȻûȤе
ڵĵһֱȥǿĵʣûбҪȥ᱾ĩһָоңһЩδؾģν컯磬пһ塣ŷо˸
ղȥͷʱȴһɾףֹǰȥ


1440 ޼
ָо͵ʲʱһŷҲ˾ףǰȥŷԼĸоν컯磬һ塣
¶ˡһճ֡
ʦŷк
ǰҲ˵ͷ
յ˵ҸղŵõϢ컯ΪͷҪƭǿǰĿģȴҪͨһ·һЩ˻ع顣
ۡ
ŷоһ뵽һֿܡ
һĬĬݣβſڵ߽ع顣
Ϊ֮䣬˵Ψһĵ۵ߣ˵ĻŶǷǳߵġ߽Ҫع飬Ǹν컯磬Ϊ˽߻عɢҥԡ
Ѫ죬߻ع飬Щ˺ôֱʡո̾
ǰԼɱˣӴ磬֪Щǿ˵ɽˣļֱСһ
ǲᶯɱǧʮǿߡ
磬ڱ˵ѾĮӵһֿµĵز
ʦΪʲôֹŷɻʵ
տ˹ŷһۣЦʵΪʲôֹ
߲ͣһǻع飬ս죬ʱ綼Ҫꡣŷɫص˵
ҲȫĺãҪߣǻع飬ǲֹܹпܵĻӦôٳɲŶԣһʱĻҲʲôġҡͷ
ֻأŷһ˵֡
Ǵֻأ磬Щµĵˣܶܶδ֪ңǺҲϤһеģֻЩ߸ϵĻ˶ͬǵһȻҪڲ̾Ϣһ
ѱգĸ̾ˣŷЩ𾪡
ף绹ж֪ģŷãܶ飬Լ֪Ĳˣڿˣкܶ飬ĲնЩãȻο
ΪﵽǸ磬֮УӦѾûʲô˲Ŷԡ
ˣǸˣǸ飬ʦţǻǺúСŷЦ
Ҳ¶һĨЦݣҲġ
̲סһۣҲ¶һĨЦݣԹŷͽܣĲˣҲȽϲŷֿЦϲַȽڡ
ҪҪҰɵ㸸ףտһۡ
ϵЦ΢΢һҡͷлǰһҪҵϣҵ𣬶ɱģҪԱ𡣡
ѾԷˡҡҡͷ˵ħû뵽ϾȻĹɱһУԣҲʵ̫ˡ
ΪЩʲô鶼ĳҵǲ⡣ŷ˵
̫ˣΪȨʲôԸʳӣںܶ˵ϣʵá
뿪ˣúǲ̫ڽţ˻ᣬպ϶ܳɳûΪҪġ
ˡ
ŷͬһ㡣
סڵɽ磬ŷȴ˶೤ʱ䣬ΪҪչˣҪһֱֵĻ϶Ļ̵̻ġ
Լӣŷûһţܹܵߵıǲʱָ㽯ٻǵǵΪķǳ졣
ۣҲڵɽ磬ʽǳȤҪ
ŷصʱ򣬱һϢ컯ȥһֱδ߳
鿴֪ԭν컯磬Ȼһ塣
һûгɹǹŷȴһָоǻٳ֣һλʲôӵ壬Ͳ֪ˡ
ڵ磬ǰǿ̫ˣкܶսȻûĻʣҲȻܿ¡
ҹŷΪףʵлʵģ֪ģԼ游ȴ
˵ѡһŷͨ
˭ŷʵ
޼Ǹڣ˵˵
޼ŷվȥӭӡ
Ȼȥ£޼òδ䣬ŷʱ¶һĨЦݡ
֣þò޼Ц
ǺܾûмˣɡŷЦ˵
֮䣬ŲС֣ҹŷ绹Ӧ޼һ飬Ȼ飬޼ӭ˽
Щ겻޼ΪҲͣȻѾϹŴľ磬ΪǷǰԿԳˣǷڵ磬ԵЩ
ŷҲ֪޼ΪǱֳô򵥣սǿǿߡ


1441 
ҹ֣Ϊ˵Ǽ顣޼żɽһ㶼ԼĿġ
ԵúֱӣȻŷҲܹ޼ԵЩС
飬޼ֻΪáŷû̴Ӧǳ˵
Ͼ޼Ҫɱ˲ǱˣԼĸסҪɱӣϾһ顣
޼һ۵Ӽֱһӣ˵Ҫɱۡ޼ĸȴе㲻һԹŷúõĿ
ѾˣɱĻҾͻˡ޼˵
ŷһЩȡ
Ҫɱҡ޼Ц
ŷɫŹ֣ǰһʱ䣬Ҫɱۣ޼ĸףȻҪɱ޼Щ˶
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ħû뵽Ҹ׾Ȼķ޼Ц
ŷֱվ޼ĸףķҲ̫˰ɡ
ҡ޼͡
ŷû˵ֱ˫ӡһѶϢ
ã۳֣ĿʵǸ쵰ķ
ĳ۵ĺЩ٣Ե÷ǳ
УΪϹŴ죬ɱңܹΪʱıںһ𣬶ܹΪʵǿˡ޼Ĳ²⡣
޼һֱۣӿڣɻʣɱķ
ȥɡŷ˵
۳֣Ͳóˣ۵ʵɱѾһֻ߾ɱ¾Ǻܼ򵥵ġ
۵ͷ޼һۣɫ΢΢Щӡ
ӦóƺһܵܣԺһɣ˭۸㣬ңҰۿ˵
ܵܣƺЩŤȴһů⡣
ϣվһˡ
硣
޼ҲЩȻ΢΢ԥһ£Ǻ˳һ˲䣬֮ľ룬Ǳˡ
ǶһۣԷеһĨ׽
ŷҲ¶һĨЦݣܹоеԹͻȻ˲٣˵һ飬ŷԵΪԷˡ
ˣֵҪˣеܲˣϽȥɵϵȥɡŷЦе˵
ɵϵôôŤͬʱ˹ŷһۡ
һ֣˺ѿռ䣬ֱ뿪
ҼУ¾ոͻȻ۾һáվҪ뿪㷢ﱻˣȻ岻ȥ
ҼҵĳԱҲЩţɫȻոճֵǸ֣ȴһôûУȻ֮еϹŴ񶼳ˣҲûа취ִ顣
ѵǿҪɱҼң뵽һǿߣֻҪһǾͲǶ֣ҼҶҪ̤ƽˡ
뵽ҼҵЩ
ʱӰǵǰеһ˵ʱһ£Ȼϳˣ˺Ȼ޼
޼ʲô˼ΪҪǿߣסһҼҵĳԱǳ
޼˶Էһۣû˵ᵯָǸը飬Ԫ֣̿ϽԶ
ۡҼҵĳԱϳ۵ݡ
ۣ˶̲סɫѿ۵ȹŷҲСˣ֮У޵һʵǿ˼㣬һ붼̲ס
ǲ֪Ҳҡ۵˵
˻һЩ˻¶һĨ𾪵ɫ
۾ȻҲңѵҼʲôԨԴû˵ֻǶۣҪ׻ʲô
ֻҪɱ¾ֻҪңҾͲǶ֡˵ĿȻɨЩˣҼҳԱȫһ
Ҫ߱һ˳׷磬ǳȻһ죬ʵǿ
˻ȻҼҵһ棬ҼҵĿߣȻˡ
ܵϵϢҼҵĳԱһֻǲ֪ǣȻҲδؾ۵Ķ֡
ǽڻʵǿߣܹסۡ
㣿ɫ÷ǳ𾪡
ǰþòˣ磬û뵽ҾȻŰɡߵ˵۵񣬴һĨ̾Ȼ˽ܣʲôӵĴۣܹٶ𣬿ڵΪٹһʱ䣬±Ҫ֮޵ˡ
ҼҵɫŹ֣ⶼʲôϵôôأ˵¾ĸףҼʼ棬ȴ˵ԼĴ磬Ⱳ֣ʵԴ벻ôġ
ҽǸģҪɱ𣿡˵
֮֮ǲ֪ס磬ҲֻܾһˡҸɫƽ


1442 ӦΪս
ҸɵĻЦҡҡͷû뵽㾹ȻѾȫΪ˾߹
۵ĻҸҡͷԲӣ常֮ȻҪĶ飬Ҹɲ
֮ͿˣЦ
Ҹɫû˵
Цһ˵ҸɣҲΪ㣬
ܡҸɵ˵ǳᶨ
ͬԼ˵ܴ֮ȻҲм۵ľ֮֮Ҹɻѡ
ҪҶ֡ɫһ䣬˵ɱȻ
Ҹɲ˶ܹҸڼ֣ɫǳᶨ
ҼҵĳԱȫĬȻҸգǰµһսѡֻ֧֡
УҼҳԱȫվҸɵԼжʾ֧֡
ҸɿһۣдһĨοȴ˵һһս˭֣ܲҺʹ飬ЩСܹһҸɵ˼ˣЩС֣ΪԼָߣЩСӦ֣ҪסЩСȻҸҲףҼ˵ʵ۵Ķ֡
¾ѵԸĿԼӱɱΪһ۽Ŀת¾
ΪҶսӦõģʹսҲֻ˵ǻҵĶ顣¾˵
˻һҼҳԱȫɫ䣬Ķ¾һҪ˵ı顣Ȼ֪¾ҸɵĶ˺Ȼ
ϾҸǵʼ棬˭ҲԸԼʼȥ
׼񣬸׵˼ҵ˼Ҹɵ˵
˻һЩ˲˵ˡȻʼ淢ˣȻٲҲұֳ֡
޼ҼҴ㲻ҪһҼҳԱ޼ɫŭ޼
ҴûҪΪҼңֻҪ¾鷳ҼԼǿͷֵ˱𣿡޼ʵ
˻һǸҼҵĳԱɫһͣҲ޼˵ʵʵһѾ̬ˣֻ¾鷳Ҽҵı޹أҼҵʼ棬Ҫ飬ŪԼϵġ
뵽ǸҼҵĳԱû˵
ˣҪˣսɣ¾ɱҡ۵˵ңҸɣ׼֡
Ҹɫأ˫ֽӡһ측֣̺ſµ־ϴڡ
칦ϧʵ̫ˣԲҵĶ֡ҡͷ˵һſֲĹҲҸɵţ칦гɣ˸Ž񡣵ֹʵҪҲǷǳϸġҸɵʣ޷۷壬ڵΪѾļˡ
ʵҸҲǱһ칦ٵˣĹʣδûгΪߵĿܣҲһļǿˡ
Ϊۣس۴ȵǧֱѹ䣬Ҹѹ档
Ҹɻͨһ˲ˡϣҲһѺۡ
һ֮£㼸ٵҼҳԱҪȥԮԼʼ档תɨǣһվԭزҶ
ǿߵϣܹܵġ
ܡ
ۿڣǧѹȥ
ҸɵƸԣȻֱըˣԪڲԶۣ۵г˾
һжѣȻͰˣ͵ס۵һ
ҸЩɥΪԼ϶ɱۣҲĲԶڿ߹Լʵȫ۵Ķ֡
Ҫǳ򵥡
Ҫս𣿡ʵ
ҸɿЦʱ򣬻ʲô۸ղûɱѾˣҸɻ֪ôĻҲ̫Ҫˡ
ҪʱһҸɣ׼䣬Ļ˺һ㡣
¾ڣǳ顣
ҼҵĳԱ¶ŭɫǶ¾¾񣬼ֱҪһ
ǲۣ޾¾һһҪҸ
Щ˺޲̽¾ɱʡԼ棬ȥ
ҸɿЦһ˵磬Ǽְɡ
ؿҸһۣ۵˵Ϊһ㲻ڣ
֮죬ڡҸɵ˵
˵زѾ˵úˡ΢΢ҡͷٴγ֡־ѹŽδ
ҪɱҸɣû˿顣
ҸɳХ칦ӵ˼ޣҪƴһ


1443 ǰ
־ҸֱӱѹȴȥڴʱҸȴĿѵһĻ
۳֣¾Ĩɱȥ
¾Ĺȥһƴϡɳȥײڻ棬Ȼ޷Ļ֣ײһҡ
̫ǿˣ˶Ŀɿڴ̫ǿˣһֻѹҸɣһֺֻɱ¾Ǳ˼㡣
Ҫ֪¾Ϊǿߣһ¾Ķ֡սҲȲҸɣҲڲʲôز
Ҹǿߣ۵УȻֽͬһһ㻹֮ûУһľĸо
̫ǿˣ۵Ӱɫ𾪡
Ҫ߱¾
ɫЩżˣһϣֻҪںܹΪߣ̤һ¾ȴû뵽ؼʱ̣۾Ȼɱ˳ϳݣҪնɱ
뵽¾Ŀɨ޼ŭ֪ͲӦý
޼¾һۣ¶һĨЦ㲻ҪԼ˵Ķôߴ󣬵㲻ɱңΪʲôԼҲҪҵɴƷʱ򣬽һɱնһԵֻǺܿϧ㱻ҶϤͷô궼ûóѡ
޼Ļ¾¶һĨɫŭɱҲ١
¾ֱ޼˹ȥϢ죬ǿޱȣٳԽ޼
ʵǱ޼ˣ޼ľˡȻ鷢Ц˵ͷҳףʧˡ
۳ֱ֣ӴΪǿƵĹ
¾ɫҪѾֱӱ۵ĹУֱըˡ
һĨԪԶȥԪɢѪ⣬Ҫ۲µĻ֡
ߣûôסЦֱӳַ֣⣬ǿƣȻһС磬Ȼ¾ԪֱС
ſ³һûСʱжʱ㸲ˣɱ⣬¾ɱ˹ȥ
¾վֻ΢΢һ£㱻ɱˡһɱҪ̤߾磬¾ûеôˡ

һŭϢ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֱ޼ܡڵʵĶ֣һεľۣϼһжԶܶԶȽϺá
뿪󲻾ãһӰ֣ҼҵһۣȻһһֵֻ䡣
ҼҳԱȫը飬ɱ
۸ӦһĻɫŹ֣̲סҡͷħһ˵ĸ鶼ûˡ
еҸɣȴȻѹҸɵʶܹãȻҲܵһĻ
ԼĺˣȻȫԼ常ɵˣᣬΪʲôҸɲںԼǶԼЩˣȴǳأղ취ҪȫԼЩˡҸû뵽ǣԼȻ飬ֱɱкˡ
һɫҸ̲סҪ쳤Х
ڰ˳䣬Ѿһˣϣһζûˡ۵˵
ȻˣҲɱҵĺˣҶûйġҸŭ
ŭˣҪɱĻҸɲκ뷨ȴ޷ܣȻĺȫˡ
ΪȻںЩԼӶҪɱǸ׽𣿡Ц
Ѿһˣ˭˭Ҫù޼Ҳ˵
ҸɵУһĨη޼УûתϾҸɵʼ棬öԷ߸ϣһֱǳݡ
ȴͻȻתݣǿֵƣ޼ЩãȻġ
ҸɳĬҲ֪ԼЩ˵ȫΪԼԭһĸߵڣҲ³
ڰ˳䣬ǿܵĻͿˣڣǻɡۿЦ
ѾӦԷ׷ˣʵҪ׷ˣʵ̫ˡ
ֻһˣܹѣǴΪսˣٶȻ˲١
߲ˡЦ˵ħɱȻ
ϣ˱ɱʲôӵϢӦ
ûתߣƿһһ磬Ҫ˦ֱ׷ɱɫһ̫ˣ۵ʵˣ߲Զ
ʵϣҲ̫Զ


1444 ɻ
ƿһ磬ֱӳ˽ȥɹޣ㣬׽һʺĺõط
ʱˣֻվȴĳ֡
磬Ϊʲôǲ뿪أ޼ЩɻʵʵܹܿǲߵĻȵ֮Ƕ벻ʲôùӳԡ
ˣǻص˼һİȫ۵˵¶һĨЦݡ
Եõʮ㣬Ȼηһڻʵǿߡ
Ϊʲô̲סʵ
ΪԼĵ̡Ц˵ʮ㡣
ʵﲻǱ磬ǵɽ硣صɽ磬ǻصԼĵ̣ԹŷǺ͵ɽĹϵ˵ֱ˴ˡ
һ磬ܹסһҪɻʵ˵ĹġҸü˵
֪ʲô磬ȻܵܲȴãδǸǿߡ
ҲУһԣҪԸҵ۵˵㣬С
ʲô磿һ
޼΢΢ԥһ£̲סȵ˵磬㲻Ҫǵɽ磬ֻеɽʵǿߣ㡣
ɽ硣ҸɾһȻҲɽƺġ
ǵɽ磬ҵҪжĵӣʵϣӦʧֱ֮׷ʱ򣬶ʱӦ
ֱһ£ڵʵֻҪǻߣֱͿ˵ܹ޼ˡ
ȴܹܵ棬ֹһǿߡ
ոճֵʱ򣬱оԼˡһתܣһԥûС
뿪һ̣һӰ֣Щʧ˵һýƻȻˡ
ǰ۹֡
Ϊ˽ͣյݡ֪һߵʱǱ̲סˣĻߣܹж٣Կ塣˳һ䡣
ֲ۵ʮ㣬ԭһɽ
ţСӲԺ󲻳ΪߣҪȥǸһҸӦɻˣȻ˵ʲô飬һ覴ã˿谭ǿǲɻʣԲҪȥ鷳Ķ
ǡ
ûзʵһçһçĻҲߵڡյĻ֪֮Լһʱ֮䣬ǲ鷳ˡ
ҲҪģȻǸһΪߣҲܹѹﲻġ۱֤
յĻһΪĵıΪ֮󣬻ɱķ˵ԼѹƶԷĻУᵽΪǿߵš
ҲˣԺʲô飬նأɳ֮ǰӦ˺
˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ֻҪԼʱ䣬ţԼԽΪһǿĵҲпܵ顣
ûв۷һ
ֻҪɳͲٵˣձȻΪ˻ߣҲʲô³
磬ҲҪɱһҸɿڣһĨȻŭ˼㡣
Ȼ˱ɱҸ˵ʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ㣬˵ɱˣԷһëҸһۣյ˵
տɲ֪ʲôԼ뵽ʲô˵ʲôҸЩۡ
ֻ˵Լ뷨ǰߣбҪ˷Լ
·𿴳Ҹɵ˼Ц㲻Ҫ˵ʵǲǰ;⼸ܹﵽ˼ޣΪߣǲܵ飬£ܹɱ
ҸɿЦҲ֪ԼҪɱǾԲܵ顣ֻǱ˵˳һֲĸо
ȻҸȻҲ˵ʲôϾһ˵ĻһҲҷ
ˣҪˣˣۣһɱȥǸͽܣúֻҪΪȥˣȻΪߣҲĶ֣ĳԹܹܿˡպ˵һ䣬Ȼת뿪
ŷ硣һ˵ͷʵ϶ڹŷǱ˭ʶĶ


1445 ܾ
ȻҲţǱᳬԽԼĸסҲףǾһ¡
ϾҲһ콾ҪԽˣ򵥡
ɫأ޼ˣ뿪
ҸɸۣɫдһĨޣɱһ˲䣬еĶ飬ɢʣµģֻϨĳޡ
ҲҸɸ۵ԭףԼʵҪ𣬼ֱ̫ˡҪۡճֵʱҸҲǱˡ
Ƿǳɻʣǰǿߣ۷ǳϤǿߣȻһĻߡ
һɻʣһѾΪ˻ߣˣһɵӶ֪
ҸɾãǷǳǰ;ģܱ֤𡣱Ͼ۵ʵΪ˻ߣйŷ͸ղǸأǳ֣ҪĻҲһܵ顣
֪˼ʵҲ̫㡣ۿҸһۣ˵һ㶼
۵ĻҸɿЦûпڣֻܳĬ
Ƿǲ֣ˣûʸཻҶС۵˵ǳᶨһ棬Ȼֻһ죬Ҳ㹻ϲˡϾ֮УǾԵǿˣеһʼ棬ҲֻϹŴѡ
磬֪ҴˡҸɿЦ˵
ҵǲ֪ԼˣֻǸղΪܵ˴̼Ż˵ģʵ̬̬֮ϴֻҪѡ
ҸɳĬȷʵҪԲ˵ղŵĻʵҸɵǱʶ棬ΪԼǴġ
ĲĹҲû׷ҵıҪˣԶ޷̤۷壬Ƿǲ֣ʶϴ
˵꣬޼뿪
޼Ҹһۣ¶һĨǸЦݣȻת뿪ʵ޼ҲеΣýԼԭҼҲᷢĴȻȫɱˡȻЩûʲô飬ǱϾҼҵһӣ޼Щܵġ
Ƿǲ֣ʶϴ૵˵仰ҸɫĬ
֮¶һĨɫ۾Ҫ˵Լ򣬵ǿǰһۣѾʧ
գҪҵ۵䡣һжͽͣʧҲ
ԼΪһ˲ǿ߿ӣһЩǿ߸ֱ֣ǿһ㽫Ҹɵ顣
ˣȻ粻ټңҲûбҪ̫ڽ飬뿪ɡҸֱ˺ѿռ䣬뿪
Ҹ뿪󲻾ãٴγ֣Ҹ뿪ķɫ΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
ϣܹ򡣡
磬Ϊʲô޼Щɻʵ
ȻҸɸղֹǵΪ޼Ҹɣȴһ㲻֣ϾҸɵݰأȴ̫۵ΪеĶԷȴһ㶼ֳ֣һĮĵӣ޼ס
ýѾ󳹴򣬽·ԼӦߵ·ˡ۵˵
ʲô·޼Щɻ
һʿСӵе⣬ȽϹȥʿȽϺá۵˵
۵Ļ޼ЩЦã˵ҸӲʹ⻰˵ĳҪ֪ܳΪǿߵģûһǱ˽е˽ܡ
˵ˣ޼Ҳûз磬Ƿǳصġ
߰ɣǰ硣˵
᲻ŷֵܴʲô鷳޼ЩԥϾ׷ɱأǰ磬ܻŷǣ鷳
һ㣬޼ЩԸ⡣
ǣѣԼ顣
޼һۣ۵¶һĨЦݣ㻹ǱȽϽģİɣΪߣҪԸеĹŷ磬ǲܵģǿ̫ˣĸȥ³òȥ
˵޼ȵ˵
Ȼ޼еš
ϾҲ֪֮УŷΪϾǿˡȻҲд˵ǿĴڣˣȥδ֡
ԯƵۣȴ޵еֻڴ˵гֹûгǵǰ
еĸҪ翴̫ˣ˵ЩܴڵĻʣǹŷңټϼˣɻʣԲ¡˵
޼һ𣬹Լʵܹʵ̫ˡ
ҸղǸߣǹŷʦһʦĿԼͽܳ𣿡ʡ
޼ˣŷʦȻһʡ


1446 
һʣѹŽδײã档еǿߣǼܡ
һһ磬ǲһģԳΪǿ
ڹŷһʦ𣬹ֲʮ㣬ȥ粻¡ȻɻˣҲԸΪ飬ͬһʣһòʧ顣
ðɣȻˣǾȥ磬ֻǲֻ֪ӭ𣿡޼ͷ
֤˫ֻӭ΢Ц
޼ҲЦˣղžǿЦģŷ粻ܲӭ
˶һۣܹԷеЦ⡣
֮УŷõϢֱ֮վҼң׷ɱǣǹŷ粻̵ġ
֪һˣлߣȴŸҸɻ޼׸д鷳ܲˡ
۵ʵԲĶ֣һŷǳ϶
Ҫȥһˣۻŷԥһ£Ȼ˵
֪ԼĶ֣۲òȣԹŷȥðˡ
ŷĻɫһ䣬Ͻ˵С
ŷ罫Ŀ˵֣ҵĺѣҲ£һˣһҪȥ
ŷĻЦҲܽ磬βܣΣҪˣô죿
ףҲģһģֻǽۻֻҪУȻҲҰɣŷĻгšȷʵӲƴֻΪ˾˶ѣֻҪǴнŷ뿪
ԹŷʵȻĶ֣ȴģӶԷ

Щԥ
ùŷ緸գǷҲףŷһˣǱҪȥԼѷǳãϣԼѳκ⡣
Ϊѣŷκ顣
ˣҪ˵ˣİɣھȥˣ飬ֺã治Ҫ˵ҳȥˣһ飬㴦Сŷķļ÷̲סЦ
֮£ֻܵ˵ͷŹŷ˵סԼ˵Ļһܳ¡
İɣһġŷЦֱ뿪
ԹŷʵҪĵ뿪Ǿ첻ġվԭصķ˵Щʲô׼ڵʱȴֹŷѾˡɫЩ𺳣ʹǰûиоŷʧˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ʧԼǰ𾪡
ŷʵĿɲˡ
аǳȥ߹ŷڱչأе飬Ҳˡ
һ㣬˵ǲɣϾ֮ǰѾĻˣһʱ䣬˺ܶ飬˶Ƚ
˶뿪ЦԼˡ
ڴʱĹŷ磬Ѿ磬׷٣ȻһһҹȥҵһŽʱһЦ
ŷһ˹ȥ
һվĲԶĶһɱʮӡԷ˭ʱ򣬹ŷ¶һĨƵɫû˵˼ȻɱңǾƾһˣҲܰɡ
һǿ϶ɱġͷϹŷĻ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣֻȴǳľ衣ӣŷ֪ԷûбʲôƨһＴʹ˵ԼɱǶҲ׼һЩʲôֶΡ
ȻŷոҪ˵Щʲôʱ˳֣ǽڻʵǿߡѪ죬ǳǿĿڹŷϣùŷɫ
ڻʵǿߣȻѪˡ
һڻʵǿΧסһǼҪɻʵļһŷЦʵ̫ˣ޷ܡ
Ըһ󱲣õЩһ𣿡ŷЦ˵
һЦΪ޼ҵݣһǳżȻ𣿡
ŷһĿһ䣬˵й¶Ϣ
⺢һֱҪɱң֪֪ҵ֮󣬿϶һϤĴ֣ɱҵķҷ⽫ϢġЦ˵
Ļŷ絹һһĻ
ֻû뵽ǣǰˣȻǹŷ磬ۣ΢΢һԥ֮£ķѾɱˣŭ˼㡣
ѪĶҲĺıŷɨߵѪǿһۣ˵


1447 
ǳһȷʵ´ˣλѪǿߣרĵѣΪ˶Ը㡣Ц˵ֻЦУȴһ鶼ûУһľͷһ
Ҫ˵ǹŷ磬ѪǿߣҲ̲סüüͷʲôû˵
ϾǰҲʱѡ
ǺǣҪɱңúûУŷ¶һĨмɫ
Ц˵ĵϸѾˣʦǻߣһʦһڻʵǿߣҲɻʣǣûбҪ˿ɵ
Ļǳ񣬳⡣
ǲ»ʣΪʵﵽֲΣһĻȻ֣Ҳδܹɱ
ɻʣֻҪٻ߾磬˭ǿ˭Сûܹ˵
ǺǣʹɻʣҲŵȣʦǣΪǿߣȻǸճɻʣҲѹס󲿷ֵĻߣȻɻˣҪɱ㣬ҲǿġŷЦ˵
ŷĻ΢΢һ£˵ĻȻ֡
ŷ˵˰죬Ҫɵһ㣬ҪԼ֣ȴû뵽Ͳ⡣
ŹŷĻȴȻ֡
һǿߵźϣܼᶨѡ񣬲κθı䡣ʵϲƶĻһŴǿˣܹɱףΪһܹġ
ˣʲôסԷ˵ֻƾʵ
Ҳһ˸ǣʣ𡣡ŷ˵
ʣѪǿ¶һĨЦݣǾùŷǷˣǵ磬δʣּǿߣһǿ߲һǧ£δܹ߳һ
ˣһ컯ŷʦǻߣѾ㹻ˣȴ˵Լʣʵ̫˲ˡ
ţŷЦ
ŷӣѪǿЩľͻȻһָоŷ˵ģ벻ʲôٻҲߡ
û˵ȴڼ˼
һĻкһ֪鷢ȥ˵Բһ顣
Ѫǿ߲֣ѽŷɱ
뵽˵λѣǻԥʲôŷɱڻеĴˣǲɱ˵ĻѪĿδ棿
Ļǳ󣬶һ⴫һЩ硣ܶ˻ȻȻҪΧŷǡ
ңвУȻѪǿߣһǿƵĴ磬ԸѪˡ
Ѫ֣ȻŷҲڽˡ
Ѫɫȴ쳣ѿ֪ԼӲֶˣĻ˾Ѫ约¹ŷ磬Ѫ綼޴档
ʶһ㣬һȻܲǻӣŷΧ£ȥ
ҪΧǴȥĻŷͷˣڻʵǿΧ֮֮УҲʸ
ȻŷԸҪʸ
ЩͷۣҪôӳȥŷɲıɵкܶûأܶҪȻ
ɱ˶ԷΪǶֲ֣ŷֻһѡǾӳȥ
뵽ŷȶˣûгѪǿߣֱ˹ȥ
¶һĨЦݣȻùŷЩ
ԹŷʵǳˣһԳȥǰȻû
ߣǲܵģ°ɡ֣Ҫŷѹ
ʱ򣬹ŷϵϢͻȻ
һԹŷһʱҪʲô뵽תܡ
ΪŷһõģҲǺһһİ취ԱԲŻӴܡ±ըˡ
ôһˣҲֹ֪鲻ԾȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ҲʶԶԶ˿
еıըûзһʱ֪Լϵˡ
ŷһıԹνԱǳŷɵȻҲʲôԱġ
ȻԷǿ󣬹ŷ綼顣
żҵĴˣȻٴļѣΌȻһ̣Ը
ԱǼ٣һ¶ԷΪԼҵһᣬȻ뿪ġ뿪ŷֱתߣ˳뿪˵İΧȦ


1448 
׷Ǵŭֱ׷˹ȥ
ŭ˼㣬£Ȼܹùŷߣ޹⡣ǿߣ׷ɱŷ硣
ŷʵǿȻһĽڻʵǿߣҲκξ£ǴʱȴӣΪĴڣ˵ʵʵ̫ǿˣͿסȻҪߣô׵ġ
䡣
ŷǰ·ضϣԥֱӱһѪǿ߳˹ȥ
ԷЦֱӳ֣Ҫѹŷ硣
ڻʵʵ޾ģͲĹŷܹ˵Լ
˼ҲɱŷǷһҪͶԷʯ١Ȼǽڻʵǿߣ̲סһŷʵ̫ˣȥҲܹסŷ磬ĽҲδػõȥŷȻƴҲܹΪˡ
뵽˳΢Żһ㣬Һ͹ŷ
ŷָӼˣΪ֣һѪǿߣҪ׷
ǱΧסŷ
ԥŷֱʩչһֶϻꡣ
Էҽһһ飬ǸѪǿ߼ٺˣŷ˿־塣
ŷͨشѪǿ߱ŵˡǹŷܹٴʩչͨɡ
ȻŷҲѪѪǿߣȴҿ϶ŷܲٴʩչͨϾǸղŹŷĴ򷨣һҪļһ
쵰һֶϻֻ꣬ʩչΡһĻЩŭ˵
ѪǿʶԼǱŷŵˣ뵽׼֣Ҫŷ
ʱ򣬹ŷȻٱסһ⣬ʧ
ݺݵĶǸѪǿߵһۣȻֱ׷ȥʱҲˣҪɱŷ磬ԼԳ֣Ѫǿߣǿסġ
ˣȱ͹ŷսľױŷͻơ
Ѫǿ߶һۣԷеŭ֪Լˡ
ҲûƢϾʵ֮ϡȻΪѣȴ˲Լʵ
ǶɵӣܹܵʵԶԶ֮ϣ̤һɾͻߡ
ˣȻǵ棬ҵϾһпҪƽƽˡ
ֻ׷ûжԶˣƾǵʵȻԶԶı˦˺棬ǺȻĶһۣԷе𾪡
ʵ֮ϣܹܣǹŷʵҲܹôٶȣǾ޷ˡ
˾ãЩƣܵ˴
ϻ쵰׷ʲôŷɫѿΪһֱҧţʹԹŷʵ˦
ǳ֣׼ŷ͵ɽ翿
֪͵ɽУǿĻߣһӽпܱɱȻҪɱŷ磬ȴҿط
ȻɻʣվûдﵽǸ磬ʵĻȣĻǳԶ
ģҪߣȻĻӵΪԺ϶㡣ŷƵĲС
ʵҪһڻʵǿߣǷǳ򵥵ģȴһʵ̫ǿˡ
䡣
ŷ˺һ磬˽ȥһ̣һϤϢŷԥֱ˺ѿռߡ
ϢŷϤǱˣǸħϢ
ħ磬͹ŷ֮䣬ҲźìܣȻ϶Ȼŷһʱ뿪ǻǱ֣һµǿߣһֵֻһִճֱ֣ŷѹ¡
ˣ˶ǽɫģޱȡ
ŷֻغգ˺ѿռ뿪
ֻأǹŷ硣˵Ϥ˹ŷݡ
ŷʲôûУ硣
ǳ£ʵˣˣŷǲߣҪ
һ̣硣
ʱһ£Ȼ¶ɫ
ʵȻܹоһȫǿߡ
ʲôˣҲɫĮʡ
һۣû˵תȴҪ뿪
һֱӳۣסȥ·
͹ŷйϵŭôһ׷ɱŷĻᣬôһ󣬱ùŷԶˡ
Ҫ׷ɱŷ磬ˡ
ĸоУŷѾԶ
ߣôйϵǰҼɱء˵
Ļƣŭ˵ҲҪɱġ
еɵˡ


1449 
֪Լһʲôˣ˶Ҫɱŷ磬ȴ֮£ùŷˡ
ǶЩŭʵ̫ˡ
˵Լš
Ļһɻûˡ
ŷ֮ìܣ£Ѿ֪ˣ֮ûһͺõĿԡ
¶һĨЦ£Ҳ֪
һƺõ壬ʧٵˣҺްЦ˵
ЩƣʵУŷ۸ӿ£ùŷ˻
Ѻα⣬ҪֻһСѣȻе죬վΪߣҿѵΪ߾磬ʱһС𣿡˵
¶һĨЦݣЩ˵С˹ŷ磬Σǹŷ磬δػ»ߡ
ʲô
𾪣ȻףǿߣȻ˵˵Ҫ˵ŷ磬Ͳ»ߣе㲻š
Ͼߴϣеˣ֮£ûܹ淥ǡΪǿߣҲһ
ʵǳŷǹΪµȻһʱδйŷʲô֣ġ˵
ҼδرҡͷЩ
һ𱻹ŷܣ綼֪ˣ㻹˵Щʲôô𣿡Ц
Ļɫһڣû뵽Ȼ˲ӣֱ˵Ļ
Цһ˵˶СҼһ죬Ǿ֪ˡ
ɫУЩǲмȻЩˣԼҵоЩ
һЦû˵
׼뿪
һ¡
ͻȻһ£ǲĶԷܹԼôʵȻһ֣߳ҪɱǺס
ûаٷ֮һٵİ֮ǰû˭Ըһ֡
ʲôʵ
ҼղŴ˵˵ᵽԼʱɫ
Բûʱ䡣ֱӾܾЦҲһ˿
ʵߣߡ̫Ļȴδܹߡߵʵ˵˵ѵģķǳǿ󣬿졣
֪ڵʲôԱ֤Բѳ֣Ҽ֮ҪѣҪָѳɾͻߡЦ˵
ݣԼΪߣôܣ
ʵȻѾҪɾͻˣҪһȴеô򵥡
һߵָ㣬˵һѵõĻᡣ
ʲôĵ𣿡ʵüͷɫЩá
û˵ʵһ㶼ġ
ѵԵѵʵѵʲôȻҼĳ֣Ҳߣ֮ҪָѣȫΪѽҪһ١Ц˵
һҲһЩĸоǸоԼҪͷˡóûйϵȴ͹ŷһЩϵ
ҲҪɱŷԭ֮һȻŷҪԼΣգɱ˹ŷ磬ʱȻŷҲвԼ
ƵǣŷˣеֲȴԽԽءΪߣΪе뷨
Ļ֮ıջˡǰԲðգڣȴãԼʵȫðһΡ
ħ棬ʵȻǿ󣬵ҪɱԼҲǷǳѵġ
뵽˵ãǾȥ档
Եú̹Щη
ȴûз֣Ӧ֮УһĨϲɫ
롣ǰ·ġ
һϵĵãһ޴ǳֵʱǸͻȻ˹
һµĿ⣬ϣǸֱӳ֣һָֻ档
ɫ֪ãԷǲ⡣
Ҫ֡
߲ˡǸ񿪿ڣɫĮڿһһ
֮ҵóɻʣ컯ҪˡǸЦ˵
֪ԷҪʲôˣһĨɫɫȴ¶ǳŭɫ쵰
ҪˣϡǸ˵ֱӽ档


1450 ɻ
ѹǶûô
Ǹ֣ѹ棬һָһûüġһ
𡣡
һ
һǿ֣߳Ǳˣ
֮߳ǰӿ£ʱɫǰ
壬ɻʣѾԪɱԼѪ˵壬ȫں֮󣬱ܹɻʡǸ˵
л档˵ɫȻУȡ壬ãǶ˵ȴôֻҪԼԪѪ֮ڣ칦ԽжΪá
һڻʵǿߣĸֻ֣ҪΪܹΪĴڡ
Ѫ֮Խֻǰ϶ӵ顣
Ǹͷ˵ֻǿ
۵һըˣȫѪһȫС
һһ⡣
ǸĻߵͷ¶һĨɫ
΢΢һ壬׵Ļ˹Ǹ߾Ϲ棬뿪ˣȹԼΪ
ʲôǸĻüͷһ壬ͻȻ¶һĨŭɫֶΡ
һֻ£ѹȥ
Ц¶һĨ̵ɫҪң˿ϵùɡ
ղŲûбɱԼԪͬʱһٵԪ񣬽ɹƭ˶Է
Ҳ̫ˣΪûܹԼ۾ƭȥԲûϸ飬һᡣ
ߴĵƷֱԪͻʵѪ
߹һ㶼ģЦһҪɱңղڣȴˡ
֣ͬߴӲԷĴ֡
һҡضﻯһƬ磬жȫʧɳȥһѪ
ȵɢָǸ»ָӡ
棬ʵͷƤЩ顣
ԺҲûˡһ̾Ϣ˵Ļ
˼ǳ򵥣ɱˡƲɣʧĴ֣Ժһǿߣ뵽¶ŭɫ
ǹŷ֪һļһȻ˱ߵıɵˣ϶Ŀɿڴ
ǸأʵɫŭҪ鷳ȻЩǳǿĴڣҲԼˡ
ˣ֪ޣҪ鷳ȰòҪǸ˵
ΪʲôһЩɻʵ
ɻˡ񿪿ڣЩɭȻ
ɻˣһȻζʲôζԲǶԷĶ֡
ԻߺѪ֮ԼĵУֱӳɻʡվˣããû˸˵ɱ
ղֻǳһΣ㲻ٳˣΪ֪һôûУֻܹŭ
ŭԲһ飬˭ӵһУڸԼҲʹء
ȻΪҡͷЦ
˵뿪
˵ѾˣҲǲܵġ
ԲһС¡ħ粻һߣߵãӡֻǸΪһЩԭδ֣ǳ֪֮Լó⣬ץ
ХΪߣʹ쵽˼㡣ȻųնһϵļǶ˵ϲãĶҡˡ
һָһƻ֣ᵯۿɼģһ飬ʧǰ
ǻߵĺǿ󣬳ҵٵ߾磬Ҳ֪ǰһЩ뷨ǶôĿЦ˵
ߣһּ£УΪΪǿĴڡ̾ϢͻȻĿתԶ˵ߣҲǲ˿ӵģҳ
һֵֻǸطը顣һֻϱ۳֣ȾȫѪȴһ쳣µĸо
һֱۣȻѹɫأֻ֣Ǻˣ
û뵽ϣڻǿߡǸֱ۾Ȼ˰Ȼĸо
㻰ءü˵
ϣ㾹Ȼ˵ֻͻȻŭһŭȡ


1451 ϱ
㾹Ȼ˵ϣŭѾΪߣϣȻϣŭ
ּĴڣҵУ϶ѣʹǿսʣҲ΢ѹҶѣսȣ˲ֹʮǧǸϱ˵г˰Ȼ
սʣܾԶĴڣӦһֻصϼһ˵һʱĵһǿߣȻҲĶ֡Ȼ
û뵽ôԶˣȻ֪ʵ̫ˣǵĵˣԺӡϱ۰Ȼ˵
ȻǰڲһϱۣһȱĻߣԼҵĶ𣿡ЦǲģΪʵ
ԡϱ۵˵
ԥȻԷֻһϱۣǴڵʱ䣬ʵ̫ھԶһаĸоǿߡ
һʱϹʹֻһѪҲ쳣¡
ߣҲ㶯֣Ͼ֮䣬ҲûʲôԹòҪҡЦ
ĻϱĮ˵Ǹ磬Уʱ̫ˣǶǵĴڣȻֻһϱۣҲҵĶ֡
Ǹ磿籾һģһǿߣʡ
죬أԽ֮ϡǸϱ˵
ˣĴڣִڣһδӴ磬֮ڣԽأҲûжԷ˵ôаȴԿ¡
٣֮Уܹսʡ
ʱûսĸ֣ĺ˵
Ȼ߲ˡ˵
ȴɵӣʲôʲôʱ򲻸ĺܡǰϱۣǲУǲԷܻܿд鷳
Ҫٵңû͡ǸϱЦг˲м
Ͳ£Ȼֻһϱۣȴǳǿơ
𣿼Σһŷ֡
ŷ磬üͷһ壬ʶľҪ֡
еǰ㲻Ҫɱɱһٽ֮顣ŷɫ˵
ŷĻ΢΢ԥһ£Ȼ˵ͷ
͹ŷ֮ìܣô˵ڸ֮ìܣǰˣȴĵˣһöԷߣ˵һ顣
˽ǸϱΧסŷɱȻ
һ϶ѣҲ죿ǸϱЦ˲м
һĻ߶ϣοǹŷʿǲŷˡ
ϣƾҲ亰ϣǺһɱŷЦȶԷӸ߰
Ǹ֫ЦͻȻһɫϢŷ˹ȥ
֣סһϢ
ŷ翴һۣȻ΢΢ͷû˵ֱӴһͨ֫ɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱҲ֣Ǹ֫ɱ˹ȥ
Ѿ߾磬ʵ£ʱֲ֣˼㡣ﵽתӶѹȥ
µƵ𶯾վ죬߸ֱɱ˳ȥɴС֫档
һ߳ȣŷĳ֣ԵЩμ׾ˣ⣬ҪֻҪԷ΢סһᣬѾ㹻ˡ
䡣
ֻϱ۱µƵֱӱ˵Ĺ
ֻǶϱҲһҡһϸ΢ơ
쵰
Ǹϱ۱ŭû뵽һߵ˺һ֣Ȼܹ˳ص˺
ϱۻӶһµùŷɫûӲӣֱӺ˳ȥ
һ綼ˣŷ絹һԥֱӴսսףµϢ졣
սʵϢսʵĴˣϱ۾ŭӡ
˵ʦԻ㣬ֻʣһϱۣҲԻ㡣ŷЦԼս֮Ĺϵ
սʣǹŷʦ仰һŷг˹Ź֡
֮У֪ϢˣǺܶࡣ
ֻ֪ŷһΪߵİʦһڽڻʵǿм޵еʦ𡣵ȴ֪ŷ绹սʵĵӡ
ȻսʵĴˣ첻ۻĴۣҶҪɱ㡣Ǹϱ˵гɱ⡣
ĻУͿսŶĺ⣬Գκ˵
ŷףսʣ϶ʲô飬ȻĻϱ۾Բŭز


1452 ֻٵϱ
֣ߺɨֱɱǸϱۡ
ϱۺɨ޾ȥĹײһµǿ߶սȻһֻǶϱۣҲȻܿܣŷ綼̲סܡ
սսףվԼϵʵûдﵽǸ磬Ĵ֣Ե쳣
ȸղŸǿƣҲɱҪɱϱۡ
ϱŭֱҪˣս֮ףǰһǶôĿ¡ȻֻǸոճɻʣǾԳԽһĻߣֻһϱۣлźصĴˣͲĶ֡
䡣
ϱۺһˡתҪߣ˺ѿռҪ뿪
ڴʱŷˣֱӴ¾񣬽ϱ۵ǰ·ضϡϱŭߣǰ·ɨƽʱɱٴս
ϱۿҪˣû뵽ȻһԷģɱǱ
ϡϱŭ
ϣҲǰܹңǽҵϣ㻹ûʸ񡣡ϱ˵ɱڡ
ΪߣŻߵϣϱҲܹսϸʱսʣһߣԼȻǱȶԷҲ˶١
ǱһεĴڣֻһȽǿһȽѣңڶԷֻʣһضϱˣҪϣܲŭ
ԣָˡŷ綼ЩԾҲ֣߳ǾûǿƣҶԷѾɾͻߺܳʱĴڡ
ŷԥһ£ҲʩչͨԶϱۡȻŷܶԶϱɺܴ˺վһӰġ
ϱ۱Ҫ뿪ȴͽͣŷ֣չµĹ
˵ã߲ͣ£ϱ۴ĳƣŷ綼һǻԼϣѾҵˡ
Ȼսս׵ıҲûôġ
ϣǲҵġǸϱŭ˷ŭһˣǲܽסģȻ͹ʵ֮սǲġ
һŷ磬Ǿȫһˣŷ粻ʱͨȥ·סöϱ۸Ӳȥ
޶˹ŷ磬Ҫɱסˡ
ŷ񣬴һĨ⣬û뵽Ȼ˱֣ؼʱ̣Ϊס˲ֹһι
ǱҵġǸϱŭֱӽ壬һ棬һڵ档
ǻ߾֣ݻ棬Ϊһ棬Ȼ޷ڣȻҲ
һֱϣ֣ΪµĵʳȻĻǻϲκĿܡ
ɫһոճΪߣȻݻһ棬ȴδ׵ĳͣҪһʱ䡣
ڶԷԻѹȻܵ޴ѹ
Ļ֮䣬һ棬໥֮伸ûκãƴĻͨսȴһ棬δ׳ͣԷѹҪѾ޴ܹ⡣
ɫأȴû˱ܣ˫ֽӡ߱þ޴ޱȣ綼·Ҫˡ
ǿֱӻǸ档
µ𶯣ŷվĺԶȻһѪ¶Ȼɫϱʵֲ̫ˡ
ѡ
ŷֱʹýԼʵѣǳ֮ϣǧ򣬱ץ˹
޾ۣµĹ⣬ȥ
һж޷赲
Ǹϱ۾ʱսʱȥܹŷĹµֱӺڶϱ档
ϱ۲Ƹԡ
ڴʱ֣Ϣӿ£ȫ汬綼ڱ飬ܲסѹ
Ǹϱֱӱ飬һƿУʼ
ҺްȫʢʱڣϣҲɱңǸϱŭ
úᵱ¡Ц
ߣҲõ⣬õĽЩ˻ģʱ磬ҪҵĽ£ȻǵҪǵ²Ǹϱ۴㳹ױ飬ʧ
ĻȴùŷͷأǿߣƵöǱʱ򣬶ԷȴǵζʲôŷζŶԷʵԶԶ֮ϣǸͲǶ֡
ڵʵܹսʤҲܹսܶԷ
ŷ硣ͻȻתŷ硣


1453 
ŷʶתҪܣȴ˵ս֮ʲôϵ
һŷû뿪ЩĶŷãпʶԼʦսʣҺпܣս֮䣬ʲôϵ
ħʦڸҵġ˵
ŷӾˣħȻսʴڳȥģ뵽սʵΪŷҡͷͲš
ŷ粻ţ¶һĨЦݣ˵ŰɣսʾȻħҸ㣬ħֻսʴ˴һħԼģ֪ʲôӵ뷨
Ļŷҡҡͷ˵ôħӦϡ
ŷܼ򵥣ʹħսʴڵģŷҲͬ뷨
ħʵ̫ˣɱһˣܹճɾԼΪϻߡ
ŲţսǰֹʵΪҺãҲսǰʲôԵĵط˼ңһУΪĴڡħһݵӡ
һﾹȻսʵʵ˿ŷЩ⡣
ȻսʵĵӣȻɱ㣬ȥۣ֮䣬Ҫһ˽ģҲеôҪĻҰɡ˵꣬ת뿪
ŷѾΪߵļһþ֪ԼòĻ
֣ùŷһѾɻʵϹŷղʹ˲սҪɱŷ磬治һѵ顣
뿪ŷ絹ǲٵˡ
ù졣ŷֹһ䣬ͻȻ
Ϊŷ뵽һ飬սһʱӡģȴʱֵˣҲ˵սʱֹйӴȻĻܹħ
Ҳ˵սûֻǲ֪ʲô
ʶһ㣬ŷɫЩÿ뵽˰׷̵սϵĻܸܲ׷̳ˣǸʱսһʾûУȻ̫ˡ
ŷЩŭţŷȴһ飬Ǿǰ׷ֻ̲սʵķٶģսʸûбҪȥһ
ȻŷΪԼͰ׷֮ĸ̫ˣԲŻġ
뿪磬ŷ硣ҪϢȥҪ׶ԷͷڻУŷţ棬һȺµĵˣǿȻ棬ԵֵѪһ룬ýβ
ǹŷµĲĻղŵǸϱۣǵЩڡ
ص磬ŷҪȥۡ
ŷ֮۲¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷ˵ڻˡĳȻѾʶ˷ʲô飬Թŷǳġ
ŷͷȻ˵һɫĻɻˡ
ԲһϢɻˣҪɱ˶Էʵ̫ˡһߣϣʵȻǿ󣬵ǾԲһߵĶ֡
ɻ֮󣬳Ҳﵽͬĸ߶ȣȻĻҪɱһߣ츳쳣ǿĻߣǲܵ顣

̾Ϣһ
۵ļ򣬹ŷͻȻ˵ҵǾã㸸棬Ҳб顣
̧ͷŷ磬ɫЩȡ
Ȼؿ뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵ĻףŷʱȻϲ٩ˣʱȴǳף
Ϊʲôʵ
Ĺʦ𴫵ģʦսʣϸΪǿĻߣദ֪ʦΪˣΣ˵飬Ǵħ϶ԭģҲܽħڸһ캦ˡŷ˵
ڰ׷̻˵սʵƷŷǷǳϿɵġ
΢΢Ĭһ£˵ɱеˣηϵҵΪ˵ǺˣԼ𣿡
ŷĬܹ飬˵޲ˡ׻˵ģʳӣοһǿߡ
һҲ֪ҵʦ飬϶ʲôţպ֪ģҲһҲ˵ŷЦ˵
ʵϣĻУŷҲһЩ˼
ҿӣѾħĿһѾˡϣŷֻоߵϣֶԵħȴѾʧˡ


1454 ǵ
΢΢ͷȴû˵ŷĻеǲȫšϾŷȻƭȴƭŷ硣
е뷨һ㶼ûбͬŷ˵飬Ҳۻ֮õȥ˽ˡ
ڣ۵һִԴ
ŷ翴۵ɫﲻ֪һЩʲô΢΢ҡͷû˵Ѷϼ£˵ģҲֻЩˡۺ֮䣬׻ᷢչһǾͲǹŷܹԤˡ
ȥˡ˵Ȼת뿪
ŷû֪ʱ۵У϶ƽҪ侲һ¡
ص׻ƣŷ֮󣬷һۣ˲²⵽һıҪɱۣҪɱŷ硣
Եʱ˾ˣûȥӪȹŷ磬ΪǵʵҪӪȹŷ磬ǲܵ顣
ǰĻֻΪŷӸֻڴŷܹѡֻʱƣǾԽԽżŷ֮˶̲סرǷǼ˼㣬ֹҺùŷû£ȻĻĲ֪ôǰһ̯ӡ
㲻˼Ұɣֻ뿪һʱѡŷЩＤӣҪ˹ݺݵԼһڵӣЩë
˹ŷһۣû˵ƨӺ޲һҧ㣬뿪ôʱ䣬㣬ڱչصԭ򣬽˶˻ȥ뿪飬Ѿعˡ
ععʲôŷں
۾Цãûʲô飬ҲһЩ֪㲻ڣչصϢҴȥģǿ϶ҽôأʱɱҶпܵġ
ŷһ˵ȻҲʶһ㣬ͷЩ˼˵û뵽һ㣬˼
㻹֪˼ЩŷЦһۣȻ˵ˣһе飬ȥһ£ҪۣӲ뿪磬ֻȥһλǰѯһЩ⡣˵֮󣬹ŷ뿪
ŹŷЩǱߣ¶һĨЦݣһ֣ܹѵԼϴģҲֻһˡ
С뿪ʼ׻Ƶˡ
ڹŷ˵һ£Ƕڷ˵һ飬ϲ
ʲôһϱۣܹսߡһɽۣ¶𾪵ɫ
ɫأЩţջǵͷȷʵЩˣû뵽ˣһٵ˶Էȸ̾
ŷЩ죬Ͻ͵ɱģ֣ҸǸϱ۵Ķ֣ԷҪɱңмֱ̫ˡ
ŷĻȴ¶һĨЦ⣬˵һȤļһ
ΪʲôȤŷһ̲סʵ
û뵽дȻʶҿȴ˼ȻЩϤ
û£ֻһЩˣ㲻ˣİɣϢһᴫһЩ˵ģЩȻʱܹǻѵĴ̫ˣǻɱǸһҲŹȻһ𣬶δܹѹû뵽磬ȻֻʣһֱۣɱˣǸԷʧһǿߣʹ찡ȴЦ
ǵʲôˣŷʵ
˹ŷһۣȴЦ˵ڻǵ֪ʱֻҪ֪ǵĵ˾ˣ˿ĵˡ
ˣŷסʡڱģȴԸ˵ҲûʡǿߣǲԸ˵ĶɱǣҲ˵ġ
ðɣȻԸ˵ҲͲˣֻһ⡣ŷ綢ȴ
˵ȴЦ˵ҵʦ𣿡ŷʵ
ȴ΢΢һ£ȻЩʵ˵Ƕսʥ𣿡
ǣսʡŷ˵
ȴɫ΢΢ЩŹ֣Ŀⶢڹŷϣ˵Ĺ졣
΢΢üͷŷ̲סʵǰʲô
ʵսҲʱ˵ҪĻȻ㡣ȴɫŹֵ˵
ߣսʵ̫һ֪ԼķѣȻȥԮұŷֹ
ʵһֱڣŷжһԹð׷̫ԩˡҪı壬Ѿ֮ˣǸʱȴȻǳ֡
ͷ֮䣬һģֻҪ岻𣬷Ҫ٣ж٣սʼȻְţӦԼĵġȴսʣһֿȵĳݡ


1455 Ǹطǿ
ȵĻùŷҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵һԤУսʿܲյսˡ
һ¶ɫŹŷ磬Ϊʲôô˵
оһֱָоʦ׷̣ʱҵĸоһһˡŷ¶ɫ
ȴû˵˵ʱˡ
ôʦ𵽵׻᲻Ḵŷʵ
ȴ˵ʵҲ֪
׷̣ȴһĴڣ֪ô˵
ðɣʲô˵ģˡŷʼ磬Щơ
ŷ뿪ȴһ̤뿪
ȴ뿪֮һӰ֣ЦĻߣˡ
𣿡
Ļʱ򣬼Ӱ֣ȫǿޱȡһˣȴɫ¶һĨЦݣ˵͸оĵˣֻû뵽㾹Ȼ̣һֱڲų֡
ǵӰɫʵǺǿģǶȴǼͬĸ֡һԼˣ˵һ䱯ߵ顣
תߣͻΧķǸط
ҲߣЦԷǽˣ˵ֱ̣һ˳ȥһռ䶼㸲ˣϺƵޱȣ˱ɫ
Ǹ˱ɫгһѪɫꪣͬ˳ȥ
䣡
һ죬ȫը飬ض˼¡
Ѿ߳ԶĹŷ磬ܵĶʱҪϻոһ߱㴫һŷֹͣԼͷ
һ֮£ƽɫǸ¶ȻɫҪ֪Ϊڻ죬ԷոսѣȻܹֱ̫࣬ˡ
߾죬һһ죬ּǿߣųƲǿ˼㣬ÿһС磬ǷǳѵģһС磬еĲ඼Ƿǳġ
Իһ죬ܼսԷƽɫսˣټ
ʵǿ˰˲Ȼûн¡Ц
˲Էɫ䡣
ղѾ˼޵ȴû뵽ԷȻŶ˰˲СĻˣ뵽һ㣬Ǹɫѿ
ѹô꣬һڱӡȥˣû뵽Ȼôͻ˷ӡȴ𿪿ڣֻ֮
ЩǴȥпĿֻŵġ
ķӡѾټ̣ǹ飬ò˶ãǾͻ޾ĴʱȻѾߣҲߣ˵
ӡټ̣ô֪ĲأǹһȱڣǽһЩǿߡȴ𵭵˵
˻һǸǿ߱ɫ
ǽʱ򣬶븶˺ܴĴ۰ɣ۷ӣһĻ𶼲УǽôأֻʣһϱۣˡȴЦ
ӴˣôܣǸǿŵɫ
ӣǵ磬һų޵еǿߣļˣȴˣԾ˼ֱҪˡ
Ǹط˶޵Уûж֣ǲ֪ԼףӸ˼ĴۣͨһͨԼȴˡ
ûвˣֻҪ˸ǿߣᱻɵǺ֮вûܰˡȴɫĮŶԷɫдһĨ
սʡ
Ǹ뵽֣̲סһ¡սɻʣһʱǿߣڵĵطһƬѪȷ硣
ʹսʵĳƺţǸϵˣ̲סȻɫ
һУֻһܣǰܸսʡӵĳ裬Ǹط֪һ㡣
սδǸط˵ԲһϢ
ܴϧϢȥˣΪһԼĳĮ˵
ǸǿתȻͻȻһշֲĹ
ҪͻΧȥ뽫Ϣݳȥ
ɱ
ȴɫǵĶԷϢȥһ
Ĵ֣߳ܿɱǿߣһ̣һȥֱûʧ
ǻʩչĴͨȻط֮϶סҲضϲˡ
ֻǣȴǲûκٵı֣һۣԷеĵ⡣ղǼһǺˡ
սûȴһЩ⣬ûеʱ޵еսȻҲԽһĻߣվûдﵽ۷塣
սʻڵϢǸط϶϶ԷĲΪսȡʱ䡣


1456 
٣ЩҪ϶ҪöԸսʵ׼
ʹҲֹۣǵ̫ˡȴҡͷ
Ц˵ȡʱ䣬ͽܳɻˣʱлߣδؾһ£ʱҵҪЩ˻ô񡣡
ŷǱŽ˫ĳɾͻߣ治֪ˡȴ̾
ڳˣȫͷڹŷǱǶǷǳϿɵġ
Ǳ˫ǶԹŷĿ϶
һжһǰᣬǹŷлɳȻĻʵ̫õġ
ǿߣʵһֱڲ֣ʱ䣬޶ȵԼһǿߣȫɳ
ЩֻҪɳ㲻̫ڱЩѹƾϼһҲӦͻˡȴĿԶ˵
Ĵ뿪˭Ҳ֪һµս߶һ
ŷص׻ƣֱΪ
һֱŷ綼оԼΪãÿﵽһ߶ȵʱĸֳ֣ѹ
׻ڽչһΰ˱ˣ֪ô뷨ǲٳ֡
ǹŷ֪Ⲣǽ˺;Ѫͷ໥֮ĳԹȻܷƽֻǱǰ
أָʮꡣ
ʮŷǳ׵ƽΪһ¥ϹŴ졣˵ٶȣǲˣʮһ죬Ǳٶȣ֮ڣŷԳΪ
ǺȻŷûôʱ䣬ΪһսԻ֡
һ˵ͬһԴ壬Ǵʱȴɱ⾪죬硣ٵģ硣
֮УǿƣǺأݺ£ɨ硣
һƬѪȷ磬޾ʿ䣬һ١һЩĿܣҲɱŭ
쵰ŷĿ
׳вһǰвйŷָˣһʱܣһеٮٮߡ
类֣Ǳɱ˲٣ֱùŷ籬ˡ
磬Ҳһǿƣ粻֪ٵͳǿߣȫӴܡ
壬ҪԵʱһĹ֣ѹ£޾һǿը顣
ȻǿߣҲס
ϴĹ֣ɱ֮ˡǿ׷Ĺֱ˦ˡ
˺ȻһĹٶȶǿ죬ĹеˣһʲôӵĴڡ
ȻֹŵͷǵҪһŽ硣ֻǸһŽʱ򣬱㳹ɵˣĶǣһƾˡ
ǰĹŽ磬Щˣֱײ˴ˣһҵĵطǰ塣
Ȼǵ³ܲң˼ɱֻ쳣ǿƵĽڻʵǿӳȥ
ص֮˵Լľʱǿǵǲģܹ磬һߵ̬˵ʵʵ֮ϵġ
мǿ뿪ӪУûĹŽ硣
µ𶯴綼ҡϢǻڽпµãĻ߱ϳȾѪ쳣Ǳ
һµӰ֣ŭ壬ҲжôǲҪȾָǰԽ磬ȻĻҲ
ǰһ棬ʵǿޱȣڻжġ
ɫѿղǳ֣ȴ˴һʣǲһ㱻ɱ档
ļʵ̫ǿˣǲǶ֡
мӰ˳Ǹǿơ
ߣҪǣǸսҰ嶼Ҫ壬ǵʵƴĻʲ⣬ʱҿĹЦ
ƴԷĻʣֿ̫ˣǰȴĵһʶλãǵʵǿȻľݻ壬ҲֻǱȰǿһѡ
Ȼ֪壬һ쳣µ塣
ǼߣҪ֣ڼɵһЩʲôǿߣ硣
֪᲻һսͿľˣǼͰ֣綼սȻΪ壬Ҫ֣塣
ʥ˶פ磬ʱҪһ߿ڣȻ粻ܽǿԿĳ߻ǱȽϸ˵ء
ܽ磬˵һ¡
滷ʵ̫ˣѾõĵط


1457 
ȻûȴСɵǿߣжĴ硣
֮УеĴ磬пµǿߣȵطϹŴ񴴽ģڴʱ˵ʵǲ̫Զˡ
һЩ꣬ŷһϢֱ֮վ
ڵ٣мǿߣҪɨһ硣
ʦҪȥ𣿡ħʵֻЩ֣ʵĹ£ܹԱǲˣȥĻֱ
ŷҡͷǣҲȥ壬ǰ壬ȴӲܡ
Ͱ֮䣬ĺѣ׷ɱĸˣְŷ硣Ǹʱ򣬹ŷ˾ǳ֣ɡ
ԹŷڰˣǷǳмġ
һΰ£ŷȻҪһ⡣
һҪŭ壬ʱճǶὫǵͣǡħɫ˵
ħĻŷ¶һĨЦǣģ粻¡
мڱ󣬹ŷʮ㣬ܹ֤û¡
岻Խս磬δظսˡϾܹϵĻߣҲٲˣȰԽ϶١
ȥɽʦ棬飬Ҫϵ׼ŷ翴ħһۣԸ
ǡ
ħϽͷȻ뿪
ŷҲ뿪ðŵ飬ȫѾźˣֻҪԼҪˡŷ֪磬ʵͬԴģʱǲѹƣֻһǱóͻԽԽңճԿģˡ
ԣڵСΧĳͻΪ壬֪Ҫ磬һ׵飬Ȼ˫ںϣγһ塣
ʱ壬磬һˡٵʱ֣ԸЩˡ
磬һǿأ£Ĳм
һӰУЩǿߡ
Щǿ֣߳Ӱ䣬ѪȾ񷡣
ֻʮϹŴ񣬵ǰȴ޷⡣ֻսһᣬȫ泷ˡ
һ칬ǰΪп˷ģԵסϹŴĹ
̫ˣҽ磬ɱ񣬶ѵͲǴ𣿡һϵİǿߴϹŴ죬ǱȽǿ󣬵ǴʱԡѪһ㱻ɱ
ǰһʼ棬ǴʱȴǱ쳣ܵ˿µش
ն˶ϣʲôǴģ첻Щ˵ġЩЦһս۵ŮӣǱ˵ʥ磬ֻҪҵȵūͣɲɱ⡣
ŮӺǿϹŴ죬ղžش˰һʼ棬ǲһɱ
һʼŭ죬ݺأʲôʱܹ衣
ԸѣҰһ弴ʹȫսҲԲܳΪǵūͣǾһİɡ
úÿһ£㲻ͬĻҪ鶼Ҫʥ֮˳ˣʲô˶ˡŮЦ
ǿޱȣоŲϼ⣬Ե÷ǳʥȴһɿµɱ⣬ľ
ȫ鶼ʵ̫ˡ
ɱһԣһһֻ¡
ǸŮӱɫһֱһȭ˳ȥŮӵȭͷײһͬһ׹ȥ
֮˺ȻڰĳԱ¶ϲɫ
ӵǿߣڳˡ
޾򣬷ޱߣվϣɢһֿµѹڵΪȻҲϹŴ졣
۷ϹŴʶһ㣬֮΢΢ɫ
ȻϹŴ񣬵ʵǿģǸղǸŮӣʵϹŴ죬ڰУȴһжֲס㱻˴СǵʵϹŴ죬ҲڱϹŴ˵źܴвǶڰӵ˵㲻ʲô
쵰
ǸŮӴӵ³˳㷢ɢң࣬ݺݵĶŰɱڡ
Ů֮УҲСǾŲһĴˣ£Ȼ˵޵УһͬʿĶ֣ȴû뵽һһУ˾Ե·磬ѹ˵صס
ɱˣףҼȥ˵ֺգֱڲµϣٴκɳȥ
˶𺳡


1458 
ŲһǿߣаĺɳȥȫľȻǿ󣬵һˣȴôǿֻһЩϹŴ񣬲±еǿߡ
һαɣҲףԼǶԷĶ֡һ콾һЩ֮š
ʵУӵ˵ĲҲûйŷֺͬ׵֣Ҳ㹻ˡ
ȻǺӵİȣ̫Զˡ
ߡ
Ƕһۣ˶Էеľ
ǶԷĶֻ֣Ҫߡ
Хֱӳ˳ȥ
һֻ£ϹŴ촷ۡŭתɱ˹ȥ
֪ԼߣӲƴ֮£ҲһĿܣߣɡ
Цɱ⼸ϹŴȻų˻
¼սĻԡѪ
³Хϱɫ⣬ͬһһ
ߡ
һֱѹ൱վǰĶ֡¶ʵɫݺҪȥ
һжãֱӱɱ顣
תߣԪգҪ뿪
߲ˡ
ЦһͷǶȥֱӶڲµԪ档
¾Ŀһۣ̾ϢһɢڿС
һȺϹŴ񣬱һ˻ɱһĿɿڴ̲סǸղűѹƵĹǺʱڱ֣ɱ˶Էˡ
޵С
һԱ󺰣Ǽ˷ܵ˼㡣
ǽˣΪԼȴû뵽֣ɨЩˣǾ˳
Ҳ鼤ϸ죬˵ããá
һãԿеļ
һĽ
档УڵʵԳԽ˰棬Ȼǳء
ʼ棬صˡ
ҹڴϣȴɫĶӣȴѾԽˣΪǿߡ
ɣʵѾԽˡ˵
ͷԼʼĿ佱Щ˼
ӣ̲סЦ˳
˰ҹһۣ˹ȥ񣬹Լĸס
ʲôʱվֻǰҹĶӡ
ãҶں˲ΪѾĶˡҹǳο
վ˼һ£˵ڱ뿪ˣ뿪硣
Ϊʲôҹһ㶡
Ҳ˹ɫɻ
뿪磬ûǰһĸ뿪֮󣬵ڳΪ޸ƼȻҲ¿һ磬Ҫʱ̫ˣɳΪĹģҲǳѡ
ɱһˣ嶨Ȼ˲ˣǲ뿪嶼Ҫٵ̾Ϣ
Ǵӳģû˱֪ǿ
ǵصǿߣֻҪһ㲻Ƕ֡
Ǿ뿪ʲôطڽǣʼʵЦ
Ҫ֪֮УҶԸմȾҪܶأ˭£
Ҳ˵һطһڽǡо˸
һ
ҹ¶ɻɫ統У˰壬˾ˣȻǿ󣬵ѹҲľɣǣ˵ˡ
磬ŷ磬ҵ֮ǰҲǶԹŷж϶ǵġŵ˵
Ļڳļˣ¶ȵɫ
ŷ磬Ǹļһ֮Уֿȡ뵽ŷΪпܽǣϾ첻µز£Ȼ壬ҲŲ
ŷȻǣȴȥ粻ܿ塣˵
΢΢̾ϢЩԥ
ʵȻҪȥŷҲеԥϾ飬ǶϷп綼븲Σա
ŷԸǣҲԻǣΪŷѣȴܹ
Ϊѣ뵽Ȼһ̾
ߣɱҵˣǻ𣿡һһɿµѹ˹綼ڲ
һµǿߣ磬ȻǸ߽׵Ȼܿ¡
ĳ֣ð˶ɫ䡣
֮ˣȹǣλɱǣ˵Ǿȡ˵վǰһ
ҾŲһУǾϣɱҲɱˣǾȻøҷǸ˵


1459 ˱
Ļһʿȫŭǿ߼޷ܡ
׳߼˵ʵ֮ϣͿˣ˵
һϹŴ죬ҲңŲһŭŰɫһһ㡣
Ϊϣⲻ֪ҵУһɵơǳƽʹԷһǰȴһ㶼ɵֱӿڱ
һɵơҹЦΪҲϹŴ񾳽磬Ȼ̫ǿ󣬵Ҳ΢ܹԷѹ

ԷŭһɫҪɱҹ
һЦ˹ȥһȭӲɫ⡣
䣡
һ죬𣬵վס˾ɫ⡣
˵ʲô˲ģһսҲ㡣ʮ㣬Ҳ˿壬սⰺ
֪ԷЦ
Ϊһзǿߣ֮£ͺĶ֡
Цһۣ˵棬뿪ҵס
ɫ̲ס˵УҰһϣ뿪ҵס
Ȼ治ð£Ϊ̫ܳˣԽ
һߣһʹ˳ǸŲһЦĲм
һŹ뷨
һۣս졣
һĻҹһ̾˽ԼӵԸ񣬼ȻľͲκθı䡣
棬ǻ뿪ɣҪѪҹҧ˵ĶӣǴʱȴҪˣͬһҹΪֻܹðһӳ졣
ԼΪƴҰû飬Ҳ飬Ƕ뿪Ҫ֪ǰһ岻ôǵġ˵
治ߣҵҲߡ˴
ɫߣȫվﲻҪŲһս
˵ĿɨЩˡƽʱޱȵİˣʱȴһ㶼վﲻ۾Ѫ죬Ǹҧгݡ
ǺαءЦ
ĻЩ¶Цݣȴһ㶼ĲԵЩ׳
˭Ҳ뵽ЦݣʱȻҲ˱׳ġ
ûдߣȥɡŲһЦϾŲ˸Ű콣·ն䡣
ХгһսɨһƥŰ콣ײһ
飡
޴ıը𣬰Ժˣϳ־ŸѪѪ˳վе㲻ȡ
һ֮£·硣
Է̫ǿһΪսԽŲһ壬һʿǳ
ȻӵǰȻ޷淥Է
ɫ䣬еսĿ⾼ڶԷϣɫ䡣
߹Ȼ֪ԼҲûʲôãǰȴҪܡ
ǰһ棬ĿԼԡѪƴɱԼȴһΪûС
ˣҿս뿪ҵʱȻ뿪ƽ˵
Ŀ˰һۣﲻ֪Ҫ룬սȻĻѱ֤ǰȫ뿪
ǶԷĶ֣һսһĽ֡
Ǵʱȴ޷ܾߵĻ˲ߣȻȫ
̾һ˵Լء
ˣΪԼΪеˡ
뿪ߡڣ˺ѿռ䣬ˣҪ뿪
ŲһЦĶȻһ¶ûУǸͲܹһ
һ֪Щԡ
Ȼһֻѹֱӻак˳ȾѪһ
һĳԱŭ̳𣬷ҪԼ档
ֻּѹ䣬ƣޱȣһ£ЩȫҪ
ס֡
ŭ˹ȥսɨֱֻϡ
ַֻսײһǿٴαˡһƵ֣£ȴа˸ֱۣüһۣ쳣¡
˱壬֮мΪǿһ֧ȻҲڰ硣ֲþŲһȫİߣһҪߣˡ
ûаǿڻ޷Ӱ˱ģȾѪһը飬ȺС


1460 
֪֮ǿߣһλ֣ʡߣȻЩϣȻӡŲһЦɫм
ΧɱһֻϹŴȺǾȻܹ⣬ֱЦ˵
ΣǲһȺϣҲúǽŲ˵Цɫм
ף뿪ҵסˡҹһ
˻һҹɫ׵ıˡ԰ʵǵסһǿߣҲܹߣһǵסǿߣǱĽ֡
ҪסΪӮĻᡣ
뵽۾Щ졣
ߡ
ȴܿ˾ֻ뿪ǶԵзģԺһҪ뾡취壬ΪԼĶӱ
ߣʹûУǸ˱˵ǿޱȣһֻҹǸǹȥҪɱҹǡ
䡣
֣սɨסĹȻһնһ
ǸطŲⱬŲһҲ֣ɱףڰһؼǻɱһ壬Ӳ
裬ݺݳ֣ᴩϵ£ޱȣ羪춯أս
ϳһһ˿ڣԷһһΣȴѵĵס
һĳԱߺޣȴûа취ֻ뿪
ðѪҧҪ뿪硣ֻҪ룬ԺлᱨȫǾͶϾϣ
һĻ¶һĨЦݣֻҪܹ룬޺
ŭǳ֣ȴһϹŴסһֳ裬ǹӿ񱩡
һδαˣһ̱ȼձԴҲҪסȥȻҲ޷ʶߵľˡ
ҹŰһ壬Ҫ뿪磬˺ѿռʱȴһվһͷƽ𻢣ĿǣɭȻ
ҹֱӺˣܵԷϵǿս֪ԼǶ֡
ЩһĳԱҲһ֣Ǿ
Ͱս̲סЦǱˣȴֻΪˣȴû뵽Ȼһ˵ס
ų֣ס˰ҹǵȥ·
ƽ𻢴߳ǿޱȣ쳣£ʵƾ춯أðһĲ˻̲סľ͵סֿµϡ
ȻǰҹѾϹŴ񾳽磬ȻǻԺˡ
ʥҪɱˣûܹߵˡƽ𻢿ڣ¡¡ء
һ⻹ôӣӲԷ̫ǿˣɱˣ·С
ȾѪα壬Ҫƽ𻢳֣ԷҲסǾŲһһȻᣬֱ֣ס
󼱣ȴãʵһѾǲˣҪսͲܡ
ǻǱѹƣ޷ƽҲ
ʵϣǻƽҲֵĻһᶼסǱ˲ɱĽ֡
ƽ𻢿ڣȻûɱˣҪշǡ
ʵϣҪ磬ǵе㲻Ҫ򼶵ĸ֣ΪǵڻңŹ硣
ǳǲܵġҹЦֱӾܾ˶ԷĻ
ȻƽǲˣҲĽһ壬ͶȻȫսҲһһǳ
ʶôȻˣǾɡƽĮ˵
Ļצҹɱ˹ȥ
һĻĿѣ¶ŭɫһĸֳ֣ҹǿ϶ǵסģԻᱻɱ
ͳ岻ȥסһУ޷ԮԼĸ׺ˡ
˶һҪˡ
һĳԱҲܵвûһµɫսⰺûִУȫ֣ҪǸצ
վǲ̫ˣȻȫ֣Ҳƽһе˵ĹɢǿѪۼצҪ
һԽһ嶼Ĩɱ
ҹǾԼˡԷһ壬Ҳֻаܹ˶УǸ޷ӦĹ
ȻвʣҲΣκθı䡣
ƽ𻢴Ц쳣·𿴵Ѫڻš


1461 

ڴʱһŭȴƽ£ֱӽƽ𻢺ˡ
ƽȾѪһը飬ɫȻŸ죬۾¶һֿ־ɫ
ںͰսʱҲ¶ȻɫǸܵһɿµѹǻ
һӰ䣬£ǲǳִۣװŷ˫ղſڴ˰һ۲˵ֵܣ˼ˣ£Ȼ֪ͨһ
ŷ硣
ҹ
ŷ塣ŷһ֣ҹ
ҹһ죬ʱĹŷ磬ĲȵģϽ˵ҵ
ļˣֵܣȻΪҵĳⲻΪλܹıģ벻ҪŷЦ˵ɲΪԼʵˣǰһЩ顣
УΪߣǳȻǳݸı䡣
ãáҹЦû뵽ټͷĹŷ磬ȻǰһԴԼ
ŷЦŵ˵ͷȻֵܣҪæ𣿡
˵أŪ쵰ЦϽ˵
õģû⡣ŷȻĵͷǰ̤
һֻŲ˵ץ˹ȥԷ¶ȻɫܵŷɢֿµƣתҪܡ
һжͽͣȻܹѹưǺ͹ŷ֮Ĳ࣬ȴʵ̫ˡ
ŷֱӽضȥ·ץСһ𣬶Էֱӱ飬ѪȾ񷡣
Ųһɱƽ𻢺Ͱ˱ǿߺȻʵ;ŲһǿߵΪ࣬ȴû뵽Ų˵һǸǿߣȻŷһжס
ȻĻǻǣҲһĽסŷһУ뵽ǶһۣԷеĺȻ
ߡ
뷨Ҽ
ǵĶŷЦߣᵯָᴩ񷣬˶˹ȥ
䡣
ը飬ǵԪߣХս䣬ֱӱնɱ
˲һĳԱˣǴû뵽һ˵ʵȻܹǿһز
ŷ֮Ȼ鴫
ȾѪȴȻͦΣ˹һѱסŷ磬Цллֵˡ
Ȼ˵ֵˣôС̫֡ŷһ˵
ЦȥͶ㣬ȴû뵽ûл뿪ͱЩ쵰סˡ
˵ɫ¶һĨŭ
ǹŷ粻ϵһ壬ǳңҲᱻ壬Ҳӳȥ뵽סһ亹
ŷҡͷ̾Ϣĺңع飬ֳˣκûл磬ȫ
ߣ̲סЦһûУ˵ˡ
ˣҸ߰ɣǰ磬ȻǿƣУǻŷʮ˵
֮У߲٣ϵɽ磬ҪԪ˵ĻԷ֮սǵ³Ժòˡ
Ȼ磬Ҳܵ޴ʧʦ綼ѣ嶼Ҫ
ԹŷŻ˵ôĲһ磬õѡ
ȻˣһĳԱе㲻ᣬȻֻһϹŴĴ磬ݻڣǵĴӪһеĻۣ档
뿪ȻУҲǵڴͷ
ãлʣǴҶ֪飬ǰһ壬һ𣬽һ죬¶ǵ硣ֱ˾Ҫ뿪
Ļٰ˳Ĭ˸Ŷ־
ǳڣ쳣ᶨ
λǣŷʵ
Ұʼ档֣ؽܡ
Ļŷ¶һĨɫ˵ǰ
̬ȫûΪʼΪ԰ʼʲôĵط
͵Ŀ˹ŷһۣ̾żҴˣ鴫Ҽˡ
ŽδǹŷˣҲδֹʵ̫ˣսԶԶĳԽԼΪ
ֻҪ˱ȥ߾磬ԿԳΪΪǿĻʡ
ˣ佱һ㣬ǾԶԲ佱ġ
ǰˡŷ΢Ц˵ԼԼΪһĻʲôӵĸıġ
û˵ֻŷдһĨ̾
ĳԱȫŹŷ뿪硣
뿪úһӰ֣Ϣ£ȻһڻʵǿߣϾŲ˸ǾŲһǿߡ
ʧˣѾøǿ߱ˣԳ̽


1462 Ϯ
ǸǿУ˫ӡһ򣬹ͨŽδҪôͨȥĶ֡
ѾеĹŷ磬ͻȻһֱһȭ
ڰ磬۳һһ޴ȭͷݺݵǸڻʵǿߴ˹ȥ
õһǸŲһǿȣ⣬ŷȭͷײһ
䣡
һƬأµ
һƽ֮Ǹڻʵǿ߱ŭΪһжĨȻʵ޷쵽κζ
쵰
纣ûһ硣
磬ٵĲӣŲһǿߣ֣ͣ綼ڱ
ǽڻǿߵʵ˲ݻһ硣
ȻҲΪ粻һϹŴݻ磬Ҫݻ٣Ҳô׵ġ
ŷ̾Ϣһ˵类ٵˡ
ǵ۾Щ죬ɱ⡣磬ǵļ԰ٵˣȻ֮Укܶ˶¹һ磬վ硣
֮ˣʵ̫ˣϧ磬ûǿǣͷȥѹǣȻĻֵšŭ
ŷ翴˰һۣûи߰ЩĴڣǾԲģֵġ
磬ͬԴȻ˫֪Ĳ࣬ȷһʵȵպ٣ʿҪսǴĳ˵ʵսѡ
ԴģĳͻǲܱģԼʵ
磬û緢ֻ̽ԵһЩǿ磬Ҳԭ
˫ڿƣıģս
԰ȻΪгɣҲǲԷģѰġƴǲֵܳ顣
磬ǾǶǿߣǸûʶһ㣬оʲôԭǲ֪ġڣ˹ŷһۡ
ֱŷ֪еԭ
ͬԴ֮У˫ӦսѡŷЦ
ʲô٣Ǿһ
ͬԴ飬ͬ𾪣νĴ٣ǾȡҪܹ⣬󵽵ʲôѣܹ֣ضԴ
ʵ˵ұԼѾ˴ٵݣǺһЩ飬ȴˣΪǸ٣ΪĴ٣Ҳûд˵ҲպΪﵽǸ֮ҾӦ֪˰ɡŷ¶һĨЦŲ죬Щ㯡
ΪԽߣ֪Խ࣬δ֪ľԽࡣҲֻеٻ߾֮󣬲пܶϤһаɡ
ŷ綼û˽⣬ûʣνĴ٣һµĳǵ
ˣźðˣסɣٵıǿߡŷЦ˵
ˣʵǳ󲿷ֶ֮ϵǿߣҲв٣ϹŴҲкü
Ȼûǿߣǰڿսһٳɳеµִڡ
ļ룬˵һ¡
ãǾڴסˡЦ˵
Ҳ֪ǰ磬һȻ˵кüߣǹŷǵʵ㹻ˡ߲Ҫôǲܵ顣
ŷħǰǣһ尲һ뿪
䡣
֮⣬֮Уŷһǿײһ
ԷϾŲ˸һ˫ӱ䣬ڹŷϣ˿µɱ⡣
Ȼ㡣Ǹ˿ڣǾŲһǿߣڻʣȻҵ
ŷ綼Щˣղ֣ĨһУȴû뵽ԷȻô˹ŷ粻ԼܹԷǶԷٶȣҲʵ̫ˡ
ӦõıǳһΣҲ׽һϢҵڣɱˣŲһǿ߿ڣ䣬˵ɱ⡣
ŷ΢΢üҵΣɱҡ
ССϹŴ񣬿˼㡣Էŭ
ղǽһΣƽɫӦûκοҵ֮⣬ʱдǿ֧Ԯŷ絭ĿڣǿޱȣŶԷ
ʵϣΪٴһΣŷһĽڻʵǿߣѾ·ˡɱ˭ʤ˭ĺ˵
ԷΪǹŷ粻塣
ۻԯݺǸŲһǿߣɡ
вɱˣѵͲɱŲһǿЦ
ҪߴսĻҵνҪΪֻҪлߣԽӲҲַ磿ŷЦ
Էɫ


1463 ˻
ߴս仰˵ģҸղŹŷᵽ˰Խ磬ܹ˵ΪԼߵʵڰԽ硣
Ųһǿ˵һ˵ϢȻǴУҲ廩Ȼ
һȫڰԽ磬ǺͰԽһ֣ܹƴǰ˲㶥սһʣ㶥ս壬Աʵûˡ
뵽Ųһǿɫѿ
ҪΪܹɨ磬Щ߹ȫ֣ƾǵʵҪ磬»˵㡣ŷЦĴԷ
˵֣þŲ˵ǿЩɲ֪ŷʲô˼
ŷҲ⣬ʵΪԵɺ֮£ܶ飬Ӧò֪ġȻڻʵǿߣ֪Щ飬Ҳ⡣
ʵϣЩֻл߲ܹ֪
ʲô˼Ųһǿʵ
ʲô˼ȥĻߣǿ϶֪Ҫɱ磬ĻҪǲȫ֡ŷ˵
ߡ
Ų˵һǿû˵ת뿪ŹŷĻǸӦǿ߸
ʧһ̣۳֣Ŀ棬ŶԷ뿪ķʵǸһǿߣ
ղҳ֣ץסҵһϢ˹ŷͷ
ߣ̫ˣ֣Ѿвٴ类壬Щ߸߸ϣҪЩͼ磬㣬²ô򵥵ġЦ
νĻߣԵЩм
߽Ҫع飬Ҳܵˣ忪սǸϳȥںģҪԼʵǸʱǶ벻ܿߣԲôǣǶ֣սġŷ絭˵
ǿԼˣùôࡣ˵
ŷͷʵҲûôࡣлߣǾԲ࣬һЩͼ磬壬󲿷ֻߵԸǾҪԶС
˶һۣԷеΡ
ǻص磬Ǹǿߣص˾Ų˵פءһڣޱߣŨŲ˶԰ռһǽٽ
Ǹǿ߻عʱ򣬺ܶ񣬳ƺΪ峤
ˣȻǾŲһ峤
һ߸ߵĳѨ棬ȫ̾ͣ˸ҫ۵⣬Ϣת֮
лʵϢתԵ쳣ʥһֿµѹȸС
ֻ΢һӽŲһ峤̲ס
۩кңһ˳֮ϣȻһŮˣû¶棬ǹǴһˡ
ʵϣŲһ壬ûһòͨģȫŮ
һʣλˣնɱ۩Ͻ˵ԼĻʣ˿
Ȼ˵ŲһУ峤λϣǻȴ֮ϣʲô飬ǻ
Ȼأ˻ʿڡ
׷ɱȥԷʵǿ󣬶һкܶǿ򣬶Էᵽ˰Խ磬ǵʵڰԽ硣۩С˵Լղ飬ȫ˵˳һ㶼κʲô˻ʾȡ
վһɫȹŮӣ˫һ˫дһ˫ȴһִϣ˲ֱӣ¡
һֵֻӲ۩ǰһ⣬Ȼݻɲ۩顣
۩ҲȣȻ
ݻѪ˻¶һĨЦ
۩ȴ˻ʵָףղźԼԻǸˣдͷ˻ʶ¶ЦȻԷǳ
飬ĴǾǾսѪ֮κΣǵ磬ղǲߣҶȲ㡣˻ʵ˵
˻ʵĻ۩¶𾪵ɫУ˻ϣ֮ǿȴû뵽Ȼɵһ硣
ȻԵĲͬԷ˵߲ڰԽ硣
ݻ壬ȻûˣҲκ˿ģԼԼˣҪݺᡣ˻˵Щ˳֮Уâʢû
۩뿪ʧ
»˻ʵ׼κξŲһǿߣȥ磬ͬʱƽһ壬Ҳǿ߳˱ǿһͨȻֱҵ硣
ŷ͵۾ͻȻһ罣նǳһֻֻ֣ʩչһط
µ֣һ£һ֣ŷĹס
쳤ХԵ׿ޱȣɱȻ硣
ɱˣһǿҪѪϴ˽硣
նʥ˵ء
ڻʵǿߣµԡ


1464 ǿս
ȴ֣ǳ侲ǵ񣬼ֱڿСһ
Ǳ磬ǿߣҪˣȻǵǿ߿Կǣˣ·飬Ҳ˵
죬ָоǵͷ΢΢ɫ
ʥΪ˱ǿߣĿɨأͻȻɫ䡣һǿҪ뿪
ʱһ˵סǵȥ·
תǧǿƣض˵ȥ·
ʥ뻢ǿһۣǶԷеĲԷʵǣҲֻ΢һѡ
ˣʥʵ
ǡ
ҡͷĻشʥ΢΢һǰˣʵڱżǵʵȻˡ
ȷʵˡһЦһСӳ֣ɢЦݣֻһ˫۾䣬ȻǷס
ѵǣʥʵͻȻһֲõģһµĺ󱲣ͬڣʵۣ֮ȴһ㶼
еĺˣǳɳǷǳµġ˻߾磬ʶʵ
ˣǳΪˣǼµ顣
ҲǡЦе˵
ʥͻǿˣ˵תߡΪͻȻ뵽ղųֹǵǸˣǿ
䡣
һնסǵȥ·ŷֱӵǰ档
һ֯׻ƣ׻ŷ絭˵ƽȴһɱĸо
ղӦһ㣬˭Ҳұ֤ǿʥ˵׻ʲô顣
˲ˣǶʱˣǿɱǵˡ
ŷϣԷѾˣϣֻЦϾǿߵ磬ǰĵϣԴ˾ƤϣпܲõΡ
ԷҪ֤ݣֻҪ֪ģԳ֡
ܹ֤ûµģֻоԵʵ
ôĵӣȻɱˣϣѵͲ𣿡ʥʣŭɶرǿŷһƵӣǾŭһֱĸо
£Ҳɱҡŷ絭ĻӦ
̫ˡʥ˵
֪ߵغȻվΪߣŭǵĻߣǶҪû˿ӹȥǿЦ
ŻߣԵúǿơ
Ǿ仰ǲԽӲƴҪӲ֮еĻʣڰԽ硣ŷЦ
ʲô
ʥͻǿ˶סˣ¶Ȼɫ
ܡ˵
ûʲôǲܵģǸ磬֣Ϊ綼ܹ𣿽ǼȻˣͲˡŷ絭˵
֪ǲɱһЩˣЩ˿϶ݣֻöԷܵǵǿ󣬲ܹĺƽ
ߡ
ʥһ뻢ǿͬʱ֣Ҫȥ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǹŷˣҲ̫ˣս˵ʵǹŷǵĴӪлʵĻǸͲǶ֡
ûһսģֻߡ
ݡ
һ𣬱񷣬ضǵȥ·
ԯݺ֣ĴǿΧסˣǰΧС
֡
ŷ翪ڣֱӴ¾ǻڵʵֲܹܣȻһڻʵǿߣԸӲӡ
ʥƳȥһ㱻Уľ
˵˵ʵӽǣŷʵǲࡣ
ĴΧǣӵоԵơʥǻ֪·ûиǿĸ֡
ʥȻ˹ŷһ֣תʱ⣬ȻҪʥسʼʱ
ʥȻʱͨΪ£û뵽ԼȻʱͨ
ŭһסƣȻͨ
Ҳģٱһսʥɫ쳣ѿ
һߣǿԯݺ۵Ĺͬ·硣ħˣͬʡǳֱ֣ѹƻǿŭ𣬷޷ǵѹơ
ǿޱȣǿѹơ
ǿ߼սһ𣬿µƵ֮ϣȴֳһĻסеĲ֤粻ᱻٵ
ʥͻǿǻȾѪһ㱻ɱ˺ȻǺԼд󣬾Ȼһɱ
ǼҪȥǶʧˣŷǵʵ̫ǿ߶
ۡ
ŷһȭʥţһѪһը
ͬʱ֣תʱ⣬ϣʥɫ֪ãԼҪΣˡ


1465 ˱
ʥ仯ʱнǼµģصʱʧȥڵͨսûͨսڹŷǵĹ£ֻһ·ǾǱɡ
ʥˣҪֹơ
һΣȴоԼܵסˡ
еڷļ٣һ˲䣬ʥ㱻ʱһһ߶ߵСͯ˱ۻӶҪȥ
ӣжˡ
ŷЦǳȴһ㶼飬¾Ҫ׻ɱʥ
һߵĻǿ۾ˣʥɱͻˣԻᱻŷǸɵһ˴սĴ֣ΪԼлĻᡣ
ʥ߳Ҫʥסŷľɱ
ԯݺ֣һʮ˼ʮգɱȥ
ͬʱҲ֣ɱʥ
ǧһ𣬻һѵ۽ݺն䡣
ȻǿƴʱҲ岻ȥʮ˵⣬ҲƣһڿѪɫˡ
۽ն䣬ڣеȫգȫѹǿ
𡣡
ǿԭͣһͷûб߼ʵĻƽ𻢣ƽȣ
ƽɫѪǿһ㱻ն롣վǵסˣȻΣͷ°һ޴Ѫۡ
ɫŹ֣һۻǿ˫֮䣬֪ļһ£ûб˵
ǿȻʶ۵˼ʱŭѪУָȻʥ˹ȥ
Щ˵Ǽֻһ˲䷢ġ
ʥǳ׾ŷּϣȫ
ס֡
һ𣬳˺˵ϡ
ŷֱ̧֣һǸڵĵط˹ȥһշڣһָֻ֣ŷ
ʵϢƣ˵˼㣬ȻҪĨɱŷ硣
档
ʥϲغܵǹϢǰ˱һ档
˱ʣ˱һߣȻҪֱӳ֣ɱŷ硣
߲뵽УһҪˡǳ⡣
üģһµ磬ʣУǰѹȥ
𾪵ˣǸֱסǸ磬ӵпµܣȻһߵ˻ȥ
ŷ綼ˣ漴Ӧɱȥһʥϡ
ϲʥʱɬĿһۣȻը顣һڻʵǿ߱ɱԶʧС
ңǸ𣬰˱ʳ֣û貵УݣȴԸоԵĿ£ʵ춯ء
һ֣Ŀⶢס˹ŷɱȻȻɱ
ûߣ֮µ˻֮ԼǳһߣȻһ㶼оùŷǾȡ
ܹܵһɿֲѹüͷɲ
ߣվǻߣ߸ϣײã棬Щ˿Ʋ࣬վʿ۷壬Ӳã˼䡣
Լ޹أɱӵܣǸ˱˵ɱȻס˹ŷ
ɱǣҸұֻ֤ҪɱǣҲͻ䡣˵˱һϣҪһЦüĸǸ磬ʣȴǿ쳣Ī⣬ס˶ԷĿӡ
㲻ǵˣͷǸ˱ͻȻ˵
Ǻǡ
ЦȴûлشΪףԷüĵһƬ磬ԵסԷĿӡ
ߡ
˱ߣĮ֪ͷܴҲʵԶԶ֮ϣΣվǲ꣬ɱͬһֻϣüĵһƬֻܵסһΡ
ЦĮȻ˵Կ
Եʮ㣬ŶԷһ˿ӡ
ŷϳսսףɢǿĻʵϢ

˱ٴγԾ
ɲһܹӵеģҪ֪ȻսҲΪּĴսԻٵһУ˶ˣܱ
ŷӵлֻһֿܣһŵĻ
ʶһ㣬˱һͬǻߣǻȴǻгȻǸĻߵĶ֡
ŷЦ
һʿɵǰ˱ǿߣȴǳɵǱǸεĴڣһŭһԲ˶ߡ
֪һλģ˱о˸ŷѯʡ


1466 ߶
㿴ŷЦԵ÷ǳеһ޿ֵӡ
ð˱зֹ𣬲ǡǿµĴڣȻǣҲֻ·һ
ĿŷϵĻսףһġ
ʱĻʶ϶ϳȴûϳֻ˵һʱĻ
ʶһ㣬˱ʴһ
ЦһʱĻǾͷǳˡҪ֪һʱǿƣǿ¡
һ貵ʱÿһɾͻˣֲ˼㡣ܹлģֶξˡ
ΪĩУЩ𣬷Щߣ״ֶξǲĨɱһУȶסıЩ
ԣܹĻ𣬾Ϊֲġ
ߡ
˱һû˵
Ȼ˵ԼҲ̫ˣ߽ܣһϲͽЦ
Ҳȷʵ˵һȻ԰˱ڿ˵ĺΡ
˵֣е㷸ֹĲҶˡ
˱ۣԽԽȥˣǸСϵսսףսһʱǿߣ˵ѾĨɱˣ㾹ȻһСŵˡһЩһɫս׵ӳ֡
һֿµϣ죬һʱİԻʸ
档
ǿ¶ϲɫ
ۺԯݺһ֪̾ԼɱǿˣԷһߣǼ֣
˻ȥվ˹ŷǵߡ
ƽ𻢻ʣͰ˱ʲһɫսףûסݣ¶˵ǰһ˫ޱȣŻϣۣڹŷǵϡ
һߣһ֪ŷս׵ùŷɫ΢䡣
Ҳ壬еĶѾȥˣԼ߿϶Ҳжߣ粢ȱȴ𣬱һǿƵĻʣ˵յˡ
˵Ҫôƽ𻢻ʿڡ
ŷƲ죬ԵЩм
ͷѿ֮ƽ𻢻ЦŷǵУ˲м
õĹŷڼװ򶨣ûԻߵʱ򣬻̹ȻϣҪɱһǻߵˣ׾ٵ顣
ȻڻʣסǵĻɱǿߣһֻѾ˻߾磬ӵһ˿ߵܡ
棬ɱһǿڣԼ˵顣
˻ǿһۣƽ𻢻ʵ˵Ѿ֪ˣĺܺá
õԼĿ佱ǿ¶ϲɫϽ£˵̵з
ƨһĻûƽ𻢻¶һĨЦݣֵվҵ󣬿ɱ⼸ϡ
ǡ
ǿϽվ˻ƽ𻢻ʵ
ԴСҲǻߣǶ˻ߵŷɫ΢΢Щ
ŷĻƽ𻢻̲סЦʲôߵ棿ǿΪֻҪ㹻ǿ˭ҾҶϣЩ飬׵ģȥɡ
ҪĨɱŷǣٵȥ
ʵϣƽ𻢻ҲܵŷǵǱ֪ɹŷǳɳȥĻ⼸пܳɻʣҹŷһɻʣսԵĿ£ֱܹսǡ
ǻƽ𻢻ʲԸ⿴飬Ҫɱš
νĴѣΪԼʵҪȥԲһ¡
ŷȻܵƽ𻢻ʵɱŷ¶һĨЦߣҲУʦ֣ѵҪļһ
ŷĻƽ𻢻¶Ծɫ
Ȼŷ˼֮лʣҲֹһʵϣǻƽ𻢻ǴʵͲʣȴˡ
綼֪ˮǱϵô򵥣вֹһʶѡ
һҪļһҪɱͽһѱճֲ֣ս£ȻΪʣҲоȻµս⣬ֻһʱսʣܹӵаɡ
ճ֮ȴҲУĿܹǧ磬ʵϣǱɫ
¡
ʴʱֻһָоƽ𻢻ʸǸܵ޴ѹΪսĿⶢס
Ҫͽʵ
ƽ𻢻Ķգɫء
ˣǰ֪ǵѵĵӡƽ𻢻ʿڣս͡
ʵϣպȳ֮󣬻ƽ𻢻ʾͲ뷢սˣ֮Ĳɱϡ
պȴľȻǣһѹȴ˿֮£˵ǵʵˡ


1467 ˫
ͬս֮սϣǲǣಫʵϣ֮䣬ǱҪѷս
ȻǱ飬Ҳ裬һûлߵƤö𣿡Ц
Ļûƽ𻢻ɫһڣѾ㹻ˣȴģŭ
⻰˵ľѾˣҶѾ˵ˣһᡣƽ𻢻ѹԼŭ˵
ζĶŻǿʱûǿһӣͻȻһֲõԤС
ڴʱͻȻˣ𹿰ֱ˳ȥ˭ҲûзӦһ˻ǿԴϣʱǿһǻߵĳ֣ǿ벻һ߻͵ϮԼû˿ܵĻᡣ
ǿɱƽ𻢻ʴŭǳɱҵӣ
ŭˣղճ̫죬Ҳû뵽յԼ棬Ȼ͵ϮԼĵӣĿŻǿɱ
ڻƽУǿǵ֮ǿߣΪǰƽ𻢻ʷǳأȴû뵽ջǿȻԩ
ѣ˼һᣬҲ֪ӵܡջؽ𹿰Це˵һĵӡ
ûƽ𻢻ʸղŵĻȥҭƽ𻢻ʡ
ƽ𻢻ɫ࣬ıסˣһ˫۾ޱȣյϣ˺⣺ȻƵزҲһսְɡ
Ҫ֣һսһ档
Ͼյ棬ɱ˻ǿǲһĻƽ𻢻޹⡣
ڴʱ˱ͻȻ֣Ŀǹŷ硣ֻͬʱŷУҪɱˡ
󵨡
ȴһһ̤ڹŷǰ棬һĨȥ˸ײһ
һѪ䣬˱ʸˣָ֮Ѫջƣٳ֡
ߣһսȷ㣬ҪЩ֣ԲܡЦڹŷǵǰ棬ʵϣһֱ֣ܹ߳ڵһʱ䷴ӦΪŷǵסԷĹ
ĻǹŷǱĨɱˣľ޴ʧȻһٸǿ޷ȡ
ŷˣڽǿߵĻʣǱߣʧ
ߣҪսǱսµ񣬰˱Ҳֻ˵ĻѾĲģֻܴӮȴգܹһӡ
𣿼һһŮ֣ʥ࣬һϢȴ쳣ˡ
һߣ˱ʺͻƽ𻢻ıסˡ
ǶԶǻһİգǶǾûκΰˣʵΪֻ߲͡
ҡڤ˳һߣΧŶԷʣԵе۸ˡ
ƽ𻢻ɫѿ˱ʵҲЩʶ羹Ȼ˵Ĳ򵥣ʣǣֱ̫ˡ
˭Ҳܱ֤Ѿʵ磬᲻Ļߡʶһ㣬˸üͷ塣
λҪɱǣ˱ʵ
ҪΥԼ֣ΪǿԺеĵط𣿡Ц
ŷһνԼѵԼߣû֣ɱš
ҵûǸ˼ֻնɱǵˣԲһǲûг֣ɱšƽ𻢻ʱҲòΪԷ̫ǿˣߣԽǳԵġ
֮棬ǣǻ֮䲻ս֪صģҲʲôÿģЦɫм˱ʺͻƽ𻢻ʵϴҶףǸҪסԼˣֹѡ
λߣ뿴ԼĺˣνѵҵȵģֻǽȴʧˡŷЦ˵
ŷĻɫ࣬ǶݺݵĶŹŷ磬һҪ˵ӡ
ҪңʦǿܻỳҪҳֵġŷ絭˵
ŷĻ˱һݣǹȻǵòһˣֱҪһ
û˵ֻȴջԼĿ⡣
λߣסߵԼ֪λֶ߳Ըǻ֮µ飬ﲻǸɱһˣҾɱˣʮˣΪҲ˵ȥĻ˵Ц
Ļð˱ǵɫѿĻֻҪ˺һ飬ǵˣ¾Ҫɱˡ
ȺȻлߣҲ൱ȴ࣬ɱʮˣˡ
߰ɡıסˣȴһ֡
ԴΪأƽĻսּǿߣδһһȴǲԸ⿴ġ
ʵӦ÷ߵġŷͻȻڡ


1468 
˱ʺͻƽ𻢻뿪ǽУ֮⣬Ѿûˡ
ҵһЩߣҪǰΪԼ
磬ҺЩ˽⣬ǾսѪᣬǸˮĲУǿߡһɢűϢĻ߿ڣòݣŮӣһ˫ɫİ£Ե쳣
ʣһ壬ɾ͵ĻߣУ쳣ǿƵһλ
Ҳ΢˽һ£Ǹǿ߲ڰ壬濹⣬ǱȻԿ˻Ҳڣ˵Լ֪ģڰ壬˶ԾҪ֪ǿƣǲԸӲһСС磬Ȼͬǿơ
ֻʡ˱Щñѡ
˱ʵĻʵ˵ʵʵδܹӦеǿߡ
˵ʵУ˱ĿɭȻȻʵ˼ԷûпΪ
죬Ϊǿ𣿲ٻ۷壬˭Ҳ˵Լʵǿʵ˵
Եúƽֶһִð˱ʸܵѹ
ѵΪӵľѾ߰˰ɣƽ𻢻Ŀ棬˵
˱ѣȻһ¶⡣
Ҷڱʵĸ߰ǳ˳ۡ
û˵ֻǵһЦ˶ܹ԰˱ˣԵúܲм
˱ʺͻƽ𻢻ʴŭǵűʣһҪ˵ı顣
λѣȲҪִڲҵʱڹߣʱǲҪˣҪǣ磬վȽŸıǲҪˣ٣ҪлΌѡһϵĻ߿ڣİСĿͣ˵껰֮˶ͷ
ֻа˱˲ǸоԼԿˣҪȻĻԺ޴档
ˣҪʲô֮ģǶд֮µ棬ҵȲܣҪԼҲʹ졣һӣȻŰ˱ǣŵ⡣
ʣҵȻֲָ𡣡˱ʴŭ
ƽ𻢻ҲЦʣҪƣ˷㣬һսȷԼʵ
ɨһۣɫ¶һĨмǸмǵĻ
ð˱ˣǷŭĿɭȻڻʵϣҪһ
ˣҪˣҶȥɣ׼Էü˼һۣɫ
˱ʺͻƽ𻢻һ뿪
ȥıӰЦһʵ˵ͷȻ뿪óʵĵλȰ˱˳ȻĶˡ
飬˸ѣȻһЩ磬ֶβôıңȻҲ鷢˵ڿܵķΧڡ
磬ǿĹŽԹۣ֮Э赲㣬ͬҲ̫֡
лߵĹŽ磬岻ĵطһʼԽҲף粢Լеô
ԣȻһֱ仯ƽ
ŷŮһ𣬲̫飬׻ƣһֱԼΪ
ʱҴҶ굯ָ
֮䣬ʼںϣ֮໥Ĳһ㿪ʼ
Ȼ鶼˺ƽżҲһЩͻǶڿԿƵķΧڡ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴһϢԯˡ
¶һĨϲɫһЩ飬ֱӸϽ硣
ԯ죬˵ǹŷһΪҪŮˣ֮ദʱ䣬̫£һֱֿԯأڹŷ˵һϢ
Ͻ磬һ̤Խ޾գܿ
ֻ͹ŷеĲһƣǷ˾ҵˡ
һĵӶûУԲȫΪһƬ
׷ʲô飿ŷһֲõԤС
أ˫ֽӡҪ鿴﷢ʲô顣ͨûУȴʲôûгֻ֣ģĿֻ£Ĩƽ
Ȼģ壬ֻӰ񣬵ǹŷҲֿܹܵµĻʵϢ
˭
ŷ糤Х˱ߡ
ǻ˷ܱʣ±޾ı䡣
ڵԯİΣ֣߳ĨƽһУ˭ܹסԯܳ⣬һ뵽ŷ
㣬⵽˭ģŷ૵˵
ڴʱһ𣺡ڱҵȵˡ
ŷɲǼתĿɭȻ


1469 һڻѪ
һ죬ЦŷгϷʣ׽סè
˱壿ŷһϳ˶Է
СʶӢۣϧҪˣܹʥȨУҲˡǸЦһӡ
Ǳ˱ʻٵģŷĿɭȻ
濴ˬĨɱֻһһжĨɱûӹȥʥȨЦ˵⡣
ûпŷǱɫҪ˶һ
ǰ˱嶼ŷ˵
ڶԷ˵˱ʿˬŷã벻ģ˱ʶΪԼĹϵԲų֣Ĩɱ
˵ԯģˣӦŷ硣
뵽ŷ۾ˡ
СúôϻȥɡʥȨĮ˵ſ³һҪŷɱ
ŷվﲻɫƽʥȨӣŷһɵ˵ӣ¶ЦݣŷУرġ
һ̣ʥȨЦʧˡ
ŷվ˿δһӰ춼ûС
ʥȨȻɵӣȻ֪ܹĹˣԵĲ򵥡
ֱתߣΪףԼӲˡ
ҲߣԼߵ𣿡ŷʥȨðһֻֽضȥ·ֱӽ˻
ߡ
ŷĶʥȨĿɭȻ
㵽ʲôˣʥȨĶŹŷ硣оЩ򵥣Է̫ˣϹŴ죬ʵȻȫѹίʵ̫ںš
㲻˭˱ʴһ仰ұȻ˰˱塣ŷ˵ĻʥȨð
˱壬ֻ˭˸˵Ҫ֪˱壬һʣվʿ۷Ĵڣµ˼㡣
ʥȨ֪ԼʱǱסˣֻҪԷԼȥţͿ϶ɱԼ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷͻȻˣֱӳȥһֻ£ʥȨϣʥȨѪըѪȾ񷡣
ŷĮޱȣٶ֣ʥȨ塣
ֵĿһ۹ŷ磬ʥȨֱ˺Ѵϣ뿪ıŵˣŷʵ̫ûеֿ
´ҴҹʱĹŷ磬ǿ󣬼ϹŴ졣
ʵϣ˵ٶȣʵ̫ˣͬģŷͬһУʵҲΪֲʱսɲ⡣
ʥȨ뿪һ硣
ǰ˱ռһ磬˱¿һüΪ̣ȻҲս
ʥȨǱһ칬ǰϵɪɪ
ʲô飿ôǱ˱ʳ֣üͷʥȨ
ʥȨղŷ˵һ飬ʱð˱ʵüͷһ塣
Ǹ˳ʲôӣ˱ʵ
ʥȨŷò˳ܱʶʱ¶һĨɫ
Ǹһ˱˵
㣬˱ʣгһգҪĨƽ˱塣ʥȨ۳ĹŷͻȻˣʥȨһ
õǰŪͨ˱ŭ
һֵֻҪŷӰ顣
ڴʱʥȨȴһʹĺȻ־ͬ˱ʣŵһ¡
ʥȨ壬ͻȻ͵ըǿɨ˷˱һ죬ը˳ȥ
ԡѪԼģʥȨѪ
ϡ˱ֱ˺뿪
ʥȨղűŷʩչֶΣ԰˱ʵʱʥȨֱԱȻû˵˱ʣȴ˱ŪǱ
֮ϣŷɫƽڷ⡣
ȼԼı֣һŻ⣬˳Խ֮ϣֻءһֶϻ꣬ȫ߶⣬һȫԷǱɱ˹ȥ
䡣
һӰ֣ǰ˱ʡ
һ֣һŻֱѹ¡
Ҳ죿˱ŭֱӳֱ֣ۻӶһʮ
һΪʵϣȻȼԼҲܴԽķ
ǰ˱ȴˣŷʩչһֶϻ꣬һУֱӴķϡ
ۡ
һѪ˱Ժˡ
Ŀŭ˼ֱҪˣһߣȻһϹŴˣһѪ
ȻֻһСˣ˵ֻ˲ֳָУȴؿͷ
쳤Хȫըˣ򣬳ΪһƬ磬µĻϽ綼ڲ


1470 ٺʥԺ
һ磬ŷСĵսսףڸԼϢһһĴ磬ϽԽԽԶ
ǱҪ飬Ϊ̫ˣҪѰһ˵ĻԼѶ
ǺͰ˱һ磬ȻŷսսڸԼϢҲδܹùԷĹ۲졣
ϾŷսȻǿ󣬵Ǿʵ̫ˣͻȣ̫ԶһĽڻʵǿߣԼʵڸһС
ղԷ˰˱ʣöԷŷҲ΢侲һ㣬֪ôˣʱǰ˱ʵĶ֣ԷϵĻ벻к³
Ͻ֮У˱ʿ񱩣ƥŷ磬ᵽ˼㡣
ܶɪɪǹڵϣ޷ܻߵϡ
ǻߵϣȻ̲סҪܶʿо·ĩսҪһֹסҲš
˱ʣֹͣɡһֱָ˱ʡ
л߳棬ǳ˱ʡ
˱ɫĮ˵ϲ£ŷ˺ҵϣ
ֶԸѾΥЭˣ㷸ȣұһϹŴ˵ˣ㻹ҪǿЦǸ˵һǿƵĻߣ˱ʷС
ߡ˱ʴŭǶԷĻȴʹȻҪȴ
ϾһϹŴ˵壬ڻ˵ʵ̫ˡʹŷһϹŴҲһ֮£ûܹ˺ߡ
ˣ뿪ɣϽ粻ӦҰĵطٲ뿪Ҫҵѹ㡣Ǹ˵
˱ɫһ䣬ɨǸطһۣ۾һĨɵһ̤ʧ
ŷ磬һ˼СһǸЦ˵
˱ʧŷ»صϽ硣ĿãȻڵλã֪һЩʲô
գŷʥԺҪȥʥԺһЩϢ侲Ĺŷ磬ͻȻãҲûԼҲһĿܡ
ֻǹŷ粻ҿ϶Ҫȥ֤ʥԺ֮УоǿߣҲܹһЩʲôŷ簵롣
ٴλصʥԺǰȣȻûбֻǴף仯˺ܶࡣһЩ۵ףŹŷ磬һĨ档
ȻܹܵĵǰͻȻãδı֮һһǿߣʵˡ
ŷ磡
һЩѧԱϳŷݣ̲ס
ŷ磬ִ˾ȣ˾ȻعˣʥԺЩͷһһ磬Ǵ
ҸղŵĶȻҲ쵽ˣŷһʣԷ׷ɱ˭Ҳ벻ŷ羹ȻҳϽС
ֱӽʥԺ
ŷ硣
һŮ˳֣죬߱磬Ե÷ǳǿ
ֻ߱ŷ΢΢Щӣ˵ɳˣΪѾԽˡ
ʲôʱ򣬹ŷԶԶǹŷĳŷ˵
߱棬ŷܶ࣬ǸжڹŷʵȻԽ߱棬Ȼ߱档
á
߱ͷ˹ŷһۣ
ŷ粻֪߱Ҫʲôǻǳĸ߱뿪
ǵıӰʧЩѧ۵ĸӼˣܶѧݵŹŷ뿪ķǵУŷǵż
ٵˡ߱˵
ŷû˵صĵ˵ͷ
ˣû˱ɱȫתƵһȫĵط߱Ц˵
ģŷһ¶ϲɫ
߱ͷȻģûеô򵥣Ҫ˱ʣһ㣬İɡ
Ǿͺˣл档ŷ缤ĵͷȻãٻ˴ȴû뵽û顣
ĺˣԯ첻֮󣬱ȥ㣬ֻҪúˣҪ˹սˣڵΪ̫ˡ߱ҡͷ˵
ŷ֪ԼڵΪͣȴûΪͣΪսǳֲѰȻǳ֣ҲδǹŷĶ֡
Ǿ߱ʾһ£ŷȴͻȻãԼΪҲȴ̫һ㡣
ս;Ҳйϵģǹŷнڻʵľ磬԰˱ʣﻹߡ
죬ŷҲ˱һս
ܸܲңڵʲôطŷЩżʵ
ܡ
߱浭˵
ŷ


1471 ׻
棬զŷЦá
˹ŷһۣ߱浭˵ܲ
ҲŷӣٺһЦ߱湰֣Ҫ뿪Ͻ硣
߰ɣúսԶˡ߱濴˹ŷһۡ
߱û˵Ĵ㣬ŷЦһ뿪һ̤ںʥԺС
ǰһ˿ŷ֣ʱ¶һĨŵɫתߡ
ڤӣŷЩȣû뵽ùˡ
ҲûԷעһ·ˣѾʲôȻڤͬܽܳҲֻһʿ͹ŷȣ̫Զˡ
ڤɫ֣̿ŷû׷һ
ŷҡҡͷǰȥںʥԺУǰȥ

˵еĹŷ磬ĻˣкϷˡ
Ҳ֪˶Ծ˭Ҫ֪Ǹ˿ǵʮ֮һʵǿľˡ
ŷͷ̫ˣ綼ڴ̣ǸȻǶ벻ǹŷĶ֡
һȺʿ̸ֹۣ֧ŷ磬Ҳ֧һ˵ģŷЩȣѵ콾ҪսԼ
˲Щ棬˭ҪսԼ
ЩѧԱηУŷߵſڣһվһɫֶۣͬһΰħɽһ㣬Ժ
Ȼû˵ǹŷȴܹоԷǳԼġ
һЦû˵Ǽǰȥ
䡣
ǸͻȻ֣һƳлӿһֱ¡
׻ʣʮмµһ𣬵ס˹ŷȥ·ضϹŷȥ·ЩȫɫĻףµ˼㡣
ŷ֣һֻһУСᵯָһɫ飬׻·˹ȥ
׻ʻ֣һռ䣬Ǹ˽ȥʧ
һ֣˶ֶ̾ƿأԶԶЩʿɱȵģʵ
ŷȻΪŷ硣׻ʿڣ϶콣졣
ʮʣ׻һˣһףȻ鴫ŷ絭˵
ŷ羹Ȼʶҵϡ׻ʿڣĿ⾼ڹŷϣ˵һսɱ⣬Ҫһ¡
ΪΣŷ練ʡ
׻ʿ˲Զһһޣ˳Թڹŷϣ˿̹ĵĺ⡣
ŷüʶˡ
Ҳһ壬ŷ磬ҵᣬ㸴ˡһòͨŮӣȴ͸һɱ⡣
ԭǲһŷҡͷ
ǽ磬ŷ粢ûκκڣһ壬̫ˣǲ֮У֪ҪжˣҪܵ˺
һս
ֱ֮ȻɱңΣйģԼɱҡŷЦ
ֻҪɱ㣬㹻ˣ׻ɱ㣬պһɱмˣǺһڵžۡǸŮ˵
ŷɨ׻һۣ˵ûǸˡ
Ҫɱң׻ͬⲻŮȥŷ̫Ҳŷʵ̫ˣǱŷһжס
ŷȴûпһֻۣ׻˵ְɣ֮ɱ赭дһ׻ʷеӡ
˻ȻЩʥԺѧԱǾùŷ̫ˡ
׻ʵǿȻЩŽȥʥԺУǾԺʾ׻ʶӵսԼʸˡһˣӡ
׻ʵϣ¶һĨŭݣŷȥһ̤ҡض
׻ʷŭˣΪŷʵ̫ĮˡУֱ˵ذܡ׻ʲ̵ģĿȻֱŷˡ
׹ɣûһС
ȫܿ£һ
ŷ̤׻˹ȥ
ΧȻȻȫ¶ɫֿµͥŲŷһﻹʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
׻ʶһ¶ŵɫһһֿ־ĸо
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷһƬ⣬е棬ƽ׻ʣ˵
ܣ֮Ĳ࣬ôô󣿡׻ɫ࣬һҧ֡
һƬȫըԵȫŷӿȥ
ŷڷ΢ͻȻһƬɢȫˣŷһֱֻ̽ס˶ԷĲӡ
׻ͨ죬ʧ䣬ɫȻûмܵһͿأǹŷĶ֣ڹŷҪɱֻҪһ£


1472 ۾
׻ʱŷץסǸŮӣתߣһ㶼ûҪ׻ʵĸо׻ʵҲ⣬ΪһЩ飬Ƿ˶Էһ飬Ҳǻˡ
ŷץסҲûĵĴ㣬Ȼŷɱ׻Ҳˡ
ŷ翴׻һۣɿԼ֣ûɱ֡
ΪʲôɱңԼĲӣ׻ƽʵ
ֻΪ˻飬Ҳû˵Ҫɱңֻд裬ȻûбҪɱţ׻ʣϣպܹΪսѣսŷЦ˵
׻ʾһţһ죬ʵǿʶߵǱˣŷȻɱԷ
ʹеһ㶼񡣡׻ҡͷЩ̾
ŷ̲סЦһǸһԱ뿪ķ򣬵ең϶ɱƴħɡ
׻ҡͷЦ˵еĹŷ磬⣬ͷۣϲ۸Ůˣͬʱĺɱ飬һ۲۵ħ
ŷĿɿڴ走˭ڶȻ˻ٻͷˡ
ĸ쵰˵ģŷš
ŷ粻ˣ׻̲סЦ˳˵ܶĵˣԵģǹڮ㣬Ҽ㣬ͲģİɣһΪġ
ллˡ
ŷȻںǸղǸҲʵ̫Ӧˣ⣬θз
ˣ˵ˣټŷһ̤뿪
Źŷ뿪ķ׻ҡͷ૵˵ϣܹӳŷ׷١Ȼ˵׻ҲףһǸŮʵҪŷ׷ɱȴϲܵġ
Ȼŷ׻ʵ˺ܳʱ䣬һֱԷأֻǲһǸŮˣʵ㣬ͷֲˡ
һɽǸһŮ˫ֽӡһƬ硣
ŷֱ˽ǸŮӣһ㶼δһ磬ĳ¿ٳģǺ㣬鶼ǿд߻
ȻֱʣѾǾˡ
ˣ׻ʧˣǹŷĶ֡ĵһһŮӣڵϣ㱨
Ǹ˹һ飬󣬶һյ飬һϢȴȽҪֲĶˡ
Ѿ֪ȴ֪ԼǸڽ鿪ڣ¡¡һըףڹŷĶ
ˣŷҲܣֱվ˳
ôܣŮ¶ɫû뵽ŷ羹ȻԼԼһͬ
ŷûпǽĿⶢסǸڽ飬ü˵㵽ʲôΪʲôҪԸң
ݻ嶼ǾսѪеѪȻǸǸ鿪ڣɱȻ
ԭǾݵĵˣŷȻŶԷ㱾ôߣΪʲôɱңǹŷɻĵطӶԷϵѹŷԿһ߾ǿߣԳ֣Ǳ׻Ҫаա
δ飬ɱһֻϣȻˣͲˣһҲɱˡԷڣֲɱڹŷϡ
ŷˣ磬۾˲ܹ֣ǵ۾˿磬Ȼɱ㣬Ҳ֪ġŮ˵ĴЦ
۾ƺùŷһ
ǵߡŷо˸
˵ôоԷϵϢе㲻ԣǻʣȻѹͬȴűʵĲ
Ů˵ĻŷȻԷǻ߷ߵķ֮䣬£ͬһĸ֡
Էδع飬һķ
޵Уײã棬ҵȣһҵȻع飬ȻҪһ˵ȻʵĴսҲϧ
ôԹŷеһ
֮䣬ǲ֪ʲô飬Ǵʱȴ໥ĺʱ򣬴ٽҪ٣ЩˣӦõʲɱŷüͷ˵
ЩƭĻЩ˵ȥɣʱȻҪɱر飬޹⣬ɡ
ŷҡͷöԷֱǷһ
Ⱥߣ۾һ鷳ˣڴ֮ǰҪһںģһѡ
ȻռƣҪѹߣߣҲʣˣݣԽĴѡ
ŷüͷ壬˼һС
ˣ˵ô࣬Ҳˡ


1473 ն
۾ڣ¡¡
ŷһȳֻ֣ؾ죬ɱȥ
۾ɳ˫죬ɨֻشײһƣʣȴ΢
ʵϣ۾ķʵѾΪˣ൱ڽڻʵǿߣڴʱĹŷ硣
ǸһŮˣȴɵˣײǿϢֱӽȥһ仰û˵ֻü¶һĨֵɫʧȫһ촷ۡ
ˣпһԱˡ
¹ҵˡŷɨ˵۾һۣѵ
۾ЦϴһĨмɫһ϶ѣ˿һֻҪɱ㣬ֵá
ŷЦ㻹濴ңҪɱң
޵Уײã棬㲻һϹŴҪɱ㣬ͬɱһϡ۾ڣϿµϢʣһϢֲۣ졣
ŷսսŶ֣üķ⣬罣նһ磬۾˹ȥ
սսףö۾۾һ̰Źŷ硣
˫ᣬ뽣ײ۾΢һȥһ޴צҪŷ˺ѡ
䡣
ŷɱȥӲצеĹѪϣͨ嶼˽ɫѪ󺣣֡
ȭͷ˫ཻŷŭǿµľ磬ҪѹƶԷ
һֲּ飬Ȼ۾еܲסŷĿ޴ˣŷ粫ɱ
۵Ϣһƣŷϵսײһ𣬼սս׵˸ŵ۵Ϣ
֮Ĳɱ۾䣬Ȼ࣬ȴǽɫۣÿһƬ۶⣬̺žɱ

ŷɫȣ۾Ȼ飬˵Ѿֲֵôǿơ
һܹԼ⻹ڶԷδع֮ǰ
ѪʹǣͷеĻҪ򵥣ܿϧҪˣ˭ҲȲ㡣۾ʩչҪŷɽԼĶ档
ſڣһڶһ
ŷһļ£ɲѧϰԼʦһԷĶ档ŷܹоǱȥķա
ơ
˫ӡ¾죬ǻֱӱŷ˳ȥ
Х˹ŷͨҲͺ£ȻЩܹġ
ɱ
ٴսһ𣬿µɱڣߴײ
ŷʩչһֶϻ꣬˺죬顣ԷҲʩչͨŷĵ˳ȥڿѪ
һƾеսŷѪͣس֣Էɱ
ݺᣬ۾ȻϡȴҲŷ˺ܴĴˡʵϣսһѾ˵˭ܹ˼ֵʱ䳤Ӯҡ
ŷ粻żѪ纣ʹɣȫṩԴԴϵ壬Ҫľһ׵顣
ȴһЩżΪֻһָǳĲףʱģʵ̫ˡ
սȥĸɾ
ԣ۾ĹӿˣӿûһС
ŷ糤ХҶԿһ־ҵڵ۾ģǸӿֲģûж೤ʱ䣬۾ͻȻһŭ𣬱ŷһȭ顣
ǼµһĻɵ۾ХҲ޼£ŷѹɢ
ֻ𶯣۾һѹУҪ׽顣
ϣһع飬ұȻһֻ㡣۾˵ɱ⡣
ŷ粻˵ѹ۾Ԫ
գ۾Ԫʧŷ˺ѿռ䣬뿪硣
һ̤ûлع磬ϽУŷãԼбҪԼʵˡ
ǰ˱ʵвǵ۾ڵܹģһζ˵ǾͲǹŷˡ
Уŷ㣬ҪѰҵϣȴԸ
ʧ뿪
ŷЩʧ䣬ͬʱãԼ뿪ģ㵽ԼҪԼһЩ飬Ծʧ
ŷ׼һһ׷ɢȴסȥ·
˿ϹŴ񾳽磬ǹŷȴ֪ԲһϹŴô򵥡
Ǻˣŷʵ
档Է˵ԼĳƺȻǳص˳档һϹŴ񣬲˷Ϊ˴ǳº͡
ǹŷȴãԷԲֹϹŴô򵥣ڳϣŷܵһɿֲѹ
һǿߣκ˵
ʲô飿ŷѯʡ
֮УһóһƤֽʱùŷ۾


1474 ʵ
洫ҲһƤֽһ棬ŷѧ罣
ŷ粻֪һƤֽʲôӵľϲ
ӹƤֽҪֱӴ򿪡
ȴֹ˹ŷ磬ҡͷ˵ʱҪ򿪣ﲻǵط
ŷ죬ʲô˼ֻһƤֽѣѵܹŻصܣ
֪ʲôŷЩʵ
֪һָоǱǣҪٵЦ˵
ŷ絹һǶᱻٵһ룬ǶôֲĶ
΢΢˼һ£ھһû˵ĵطŴ򿪡Ǻܹܲо֪ƤֽеĶھ춯أ鼯еĵط򿪡
л棬Ժʲô飬ԸСŷ˵һ䣬ǾãԷӦûʲô鷳Լ
ϾΪأ˵飬ڹŷϣҲͬˡ
һһҪ鷳㡣ŷϣ˵Ļ
ŷЩ⣬ȴվû˵ֻǵͷ
ɱһˡһ⡣
ɱˣŷһ£Ȼͷɱ˭
ûκѣԼҴܹУѾ˵˳ԼߵˡȻԼɱˣǾͿ϶Լ
ƽǿߣǣǸǳһɱǸӣռҵĵӵĳǳأҪұ𡣡дһĨŭ
û⡣һŷǳʹ졣
Ǹƽ֣ڣƽĳǿߣڻʵľ磬ʵ¡
Ǹӣһͨûк˷ͻڽϽ磬Ҫǿжǣһսնɱĵӡ
ģһȥնŷ˵
żȽһؼãһԤУɱڣûô򵥣ҪһЩۡ濪˵
ŷ֪ȻֻϹŴΪǾ֮£ܹŷѹΪѾ߾硣
һߣΪԳһϹŴ񣬹ŷҡͷ֪Щϼһʲô
û⣬ȸˡŷ뿪
ʧڳУŹŷ뿪ıӰҡͷȻʧ
֮⣬һһµĽ˺죬һУȻҲҪ޷ֿµѹ
һ̣ŷ֣뿪
һƤֽɢû̫Ķֻһ⣬ŷ򣬸ղһǽⱬģһٵɽӡ
⣬ùŷһֽΪʵΪеĻʣѹһн
ǣŷһ̤Ǻתܿ죬Ǳڽ£ﲢԵúǽ֮ϣһŵǿߣѲߣһƱˡ
ŷ۾оһ̱㷢֣Щ˵ı壬ǻƽ𻢣Ȼһǳأȫƽռˡ
ڣǰ
ŷ翪ڣµĹֱӴ˹ȥ
䡣
һƬǽЩƽǿߣȫը飬
ʲôˣַǻƽ𻢳ǡһŭȴһǿߣɱŷ硣
ŷĿȻֱӳ֣һְֻֻظ֣ڶԷϡ
Ǹƽǿߣɫ䣬㱻飬ѪȾ񷡣
һ䣬ҪֵһЩǿߣȫ˻ȥƽǿƵģǵҲ̫ǿˣǸͲǶ֡
ڣŷĮ˵
һ˳ͷһӢΰӣһͷƽ𳤷ƮŹŷ磬˵ôĵӣȻҳǳأɱˣ
˱ǻڣ߸żʿһͷɣԵüΪǿֻǵǿŷ֮һɫúѿ
ڳҪ⣬һСЩʿѡ
תЩȵʵѣ˵Ǻˣ
ŷ磬Ӧ֣׻Ƶս˵սƽڻʵǿߡǸڵʿ˵ɫ¶һĨη
Ȼڹŷģʿʶ֪ŷж¡
ŷ翴ЩʿһۣʶŷҲ⣬ǽĿתڣ˵֮УǰҪ
ǻƽϽĴɱңúЦȻ塣Լôǿʵŷ粻ɱԼ
ɱľǻƽ塣ŷ¶һĨЦݡ

ڴŭŹŷ磬ɱ⣬ŷֹȥ


1475 Ƽʿ
𡣡
ŷȣһֶϻ꣬һüĳһơ
ҡΣһˤ¸߿ա
˶ȻһѣȻشڣʵš
ЩʿһۣԷеأԥҪҪڡЩʿϽһЩĴɣеٮٮߣȫ磬֣ӳսµˡ
ŭѪڣգƻָֻԪ֮ϣһƣûڵЩ
ŭŹŷ磬˫ӡӡѹ¡
ƽޱȣһֻצ£ɴСŷ类棬Ȼһ㣬һֱָӻƽ𻢱顣
ۡ
üըҽһһ
Щʿҵȴȫһˣ˻ڵǰ档
ѻס֣֮䣬Ӧ÷ìܣǱͬԴһʿʼǳᣬУ˵
Ǻˣŷʵ
ƼڱӦǸƼҡԷڣ˵Լݡ
ȻƼҵˣŷһ£Ƽңǵˣֻһֱû̫ڳͻ
û뵽ЩʿȻƼҵˡ
ΣɱڵģƼ֮ûйϵŷ絭˵Ǻ⣬ɫƽ
Цм˵ŷ磬»ûŪɣһƽѾƼҽˣѡ
ԭƼҺͻƽˣ⵹ùŷЩ⡣⣬ڵʵײκε֣Ȼ߳Ҳ壬лʣӻ߳ѹŷ硣
Һθɣ˵ɱ˵ģκˣҲ赲ŷ絭˵ĿӹЩƼʿԵúĮӡ
ߡ
ڱŭһŹŷ磬˵ŷ磬Ҿһ˽ܣҪҪƼڴˣ㲻׼㶯ڡ
в𣿡ŷ¶һĨЦݣȴǳ䡣
ڱ˹ŷһۣ΢΢ӣŷеŵˣȻΪ콾Ǻ͹ŷȣǲ̫ˡ
Ƽʿȫ磬˵ս͹ŷûȵġȻϻڣǵĻƽǿߣҲδؾܹʤŷ硣
ңֻʵʵ˵ѡ˰죬ڱſ˵
ϡ
ŷɨڱһۣЦ˵
ڱŭȻ֪Լŷ磬Ҳһ˽ܣƽʱߵԷȴϣŭ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫ڱŹŷ磬۾
ŷ絭Ц㻹𣿡Եˣ˵̫棬ʲô˵ʲô̶ȵĴˡ
ʱȴĵ˹ȥ
һթƼ֮˳棬ŷͻаϲ棬Ƽվǰ档
ڱǣʱûע⵽һ㣬ȫעڹŷϡ
ҵΪϣŷʲôȻսҲֻһϹŴƼҸֳɱ㲻ָ䡣ڱŭ
ŷúϻɫһ˵ÿҪɱڡ
á
ڱӲá
˴ǿߣڹŷǢȫʿʵԺɨһЩˡ
Ƽҵλѣһ֣նɱⲣʱʼ棬϶͡ͻȻ˵
ƽ棬һʣǳ֣벻Ƿǳˣ뵽ڱǵ۾ˡ
Ȼ̰Ҫʹ͡
ŷҡͷ̰е˵Ƿǳģһλı̰޷Լʵ˵³һܲҡ
ȻЩƼҵĳԱȫǹˡ
ҲɱǣֻһڱǲҪ󡣡ŷٴ
ڱܹýȥڱЦŷ磬ѵˣĶӣǵǿԲ׷ɱ㡣
ȷԼû⡣ŷЩ۵ʵ
Էһ㶼ûҪȴӣŷҲ˵ˣֱӳֻ֣ظǶ£ֱӹƼҰǿ
µӿ򶼱ŷһֻУлƽʥ貣ԼһϢƣÿһϢܹһƬ
ڱǱɫʱܵŷĿ£ʵԲܹġ
һ֣ס
ڱ󺰣ЩƼҵĸ֣ȫ֣Լǿͨ
ǵĹ͹ŷͨײһ𣬼˵ͨȫ飬ǺɳȥԡѪܵ˿µش
ڱǺȻʱǲ֪ŷΪϲԴ󣬶ǹŷ籾ӵʵ
뵽ԼղŵĽ塣
תߣΪڱܹԼֿһģȴû뵽ڱ˲ãŷһжס
תӣڱ̲סǱˡ


1476 
쵰Ȼߡڱ
ƽ嶼ǺöΪֿУ㾹ȻֱߣҲƽʮ˱Ůԡ
쵰ʮ˴ûۡ
ƼʿùŷĿɿڴЦãЩʿʱ򣬱֮ͨҲȥ
ûƼʿһֻĳֱӽضϻڵȥ·
ڵˣûߣŷ絲˻ɫѿһĨ̿֡ŷָҪɱղŽ֣ҲףԼԲǹŷĶ֣ʱסǱĽ
ȥˡŷ翪ڣûһԥҪɱڡ
ʱŷͻȻתһ˹ȥ
һֻ֣ͬǻƽ˸ŷײһֻֽ𶯳µǶ˳ȥƼҵʿըһ
ɫ԰ףɫ֣̿Ͻ˳Զ
ŷտտУ˵η󱲣ҳ
ָ֣絶ա
һӴ߳һȭҳŷһͬʱˡ
һ̣ŷһתһֻأһײһٴηֿ
֣ȫڹŷ硣ŷĿƣ˵ϡ


ŷһƼͻƽȻˡʵϣŷѾţƼʵǿᣬɨе֣֮δйһܡ
ƽȻٳ֣Ҳǿһڻʵǿ߼սմ޾Ļ
ˣеΪµ˽ܡ
ڣ㶪һƽˡ𩿴˻һۣҷʵϳ˻ƽ𻢻֮⣬ڻƽУױȵϣȻЩƽĳϣԻδ峤ҲǷǳη

ѣղǼļˣеĵط£ԭǵ֮ʧǸҲڱĻȻ鲻Լļļˣվǵˡ
¶һĨɫЦ˵ĻڵԭųߣλѵĲ
˵ǶԼǵĿǳȷҪ֮ĸңܹһ
˵ϣѾˡ
𩽫ĿͶŷ磬˵ǹŷ磿ӻĿУκξη;أеֻΪĸ߰ͶԹŷĮӡ
ŷûֻ˵ҽձɱ㣬˭ҲȲ㡣
ŷûԼҲŭŷȥϷ⣬ƽʥһؾ˷ƶۣȫڻϡ
㾹ȻǾͲˡҪ¹ŷ硣
ǵأŷֹȥǿµһĻãã񷣬ȫ⣬񷶼Ҫˣǲͣ׹䣬Ȼը飬еĳ
ŷɫ΢΢أѪãã纣ǳȻһȭ򵥶ֱԷӲ
䣡
񷱬飬ȫû
ŷ뻢ͬʱˣĿտտŶԷ¶ս⡣
ڴʱҲˣһ£ɣй⻪һһⳤУŷüĴȥ
ǻеĻȻŷս죬Ҳпܱ
ơ
ŷ翪ڣָ磬ʮгȥᴩϵ£ûڳ档
µ󱻵ס
һжŷ粢ңԵ÷ǳݡ
ѪȻͬ졣̾
ûֹͣԼĶԺٴŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷüķ⣬罣նˡûд߷ʵֻ罣̺Ľ⣬ȻˣҲ㹻ˡ
Хɨ޾⻪һնǰΪһƬأ罣ס
𡣡
һͷƽ𻢳֣˻¡ʩչӡȻҪĶˡ
ŷ˫ӡ¾Χ֣ħʬϱ۲֫䣬ħս˻ˣɢƽ𻢡
˽֣ÿһ쾪ͷգޱȡ
ʱ򣬻֪ԼС˹ŷ硣Χ£Ȼд⣬ŷʵ̫ˡ
һ˿ңǻǼʱǰѾɱˡ
ڱǣҲз뵽ԼղžȻҪĵڹŷǰǾ̲סһŷղûº֣ȻĻǱ
ǺܲŷͷڵˣЩޣЦһٴνŷΧס
ŷ磬ΣҶҪɱ㡣Ŀ⾼ڹŷϡ
ҲЦͬ˵ңʱ̫ˣսʱ򡣡


1477 ս˫
ŷͷǣһЦ

һҽдɫһ䡣ת˹ȥڱ򱬣ѪȾ񷡣
Ȼ֪ǹŷ磬Ӧ֪һ塣ڱɱĵطֳһŷ磬ͬǿϴһĨЦ⡣
һ壬ɫѿ
ɱ޹ǳһѵĵӣնɱڣΪǸѵĵӸǲɱңҽȴҪһ飬ɱ޹Ҳܣ˺ҵѣ顣ŷ䣬ɨ˻һۣɫѿ
ŷ磬̫ˣɱһƽŭ
˵ȴ֣ɱŷ塣
Ҫ¹ŷ磬ȫ
ͬ׼ɱȥȴŷķס˫սµ춯ء
ŷɱָֻת
ǿƣʩչ칦ŷ硣ÿһŷײҪӹŷϣһԪһ㡣
ùĹŷ羪ȡ
Ԫȹ̣Է칦ԹŷӰ첻
ȻҲһ㣬ЦһϢת䣬˱ÿһжŷҪֱϣһϢŷܴ鷳
͡
ŷֱ۱˺һ˿ڣһѪ⣬ۿɼٶڱڡ
ǿĶءŷ羪ȣǲ⣬ѪУһûѪУ㽫Щ
һ̣ŷȫչ˿籩һĹơ
Ѫն󳤽ᶶŷѪӲɫأʥ칦Ȼ޷˺ŷ磬Щͷۡ
칦һɶԷԪ֣׳һ֣ʥ칦ʵȻǽڻʵǿ֣߱ùкܴ鷳
ŷ磬Ҳùˣŷ籾һҽɣһΪģϻѪʥĶأԹŷɲʲôӰ죬˵ŷƵġ
Ҳܵһ㣬ܵˡ̵칦ûãԹŷ磬ûκƣս棬ʵȹŷǿ
ŷʩչսĹӵˣż
Ѫ
󱻹ŷţһѪ˳ȴû¶һʧɫ˫ֽӡٴοȳѪȻֱ
ŷɫأѪĶأȻС̫ͼĪϢҽ֮һЩа
أҲǲаһ֡
жأ棬ɢȥֱ˳ǽͳС
ٻƽĳԱҽУǱѪմȾϣֱӱһƼҸ֣ҲմȾƴеΪȫϵų׵Ľ
ǴһĨѪɫ֪࣬һζ˶ˡʩչͨû˺ŷ磬Լߵʧء
ŷսĻ𩣬һҪƿڴղһ£ǻƽ壬ʮ˱ɱ
ڻƽ˵ǲԸ飬ǵ٣κһˣԸʧ
ʧʮֱҪɱˡ
ܵĿ⣬ڨڨһЦԵЩΡ
һվһԼĳǸԲûŷķӵˡ
飡
ǼҽսҪѹƹŷķǸ൱ڱսһŷ磬ҪնɱնɱѶһġ
ʵϣʵȹŷǿ
ǲҵĶ֣ҪҴɱ䣬ʱҲɱšŷ˵ȻԷǵˣȴֻ̫ɱԷ
ǲǵˣڽĴУЩ˶ǾԵŷ粻װںġǶԷбɣȻɱ֡
ն㣬ұȥ磬߲׼֣ҵҪУʲôܹס֡˵ŷĻ˵߳ŭ
ʵϣȻղһУͻ𩶼ûռˣȴùŷʵԼ֮ϡ
ţսȥһת
֪ŷ翪ڣĻ˹ŷۣ۶ԷܲǶ飬Ĵģǹŷ̵ġ
Ͼʵǹŷ粻ڵĻ뻢֣ܹ硣
뵽ŷ˵ȻͲҪҲˡѪգʹͬʱ⣬ͷųµܡ
ʥĻϢһƬ򣬴һɳصѹϡ
һ¶ɫһָоʱĹŷ磬µġ
ɱ
ŷ糹ױ


1478 
һͷɨ졣
һµۼԶսֻۣأ¾ü罣⣬ʵ£ͷ޾Ե
ŷ˶ڷ⣬ƽɫʥ纣һ㣬񷶼ռˣǱ飬ʧɫȻ޾飬ܵɿµǱɫȻ
ŷˣԺɨ֮ƣ
֮ȫ飬綼޷ӿγһԵޡʱⶼֹͣˣǶ֮⣬ŷȫƿС
شŷĹһȫѹȥ
һֿµƣҪݻһС
ɫһ̣ܵΣաڱҪסһ
Ǹոտ㱻һϢɣѪģһ
һС
ʥܡ
ʴʥ
һͨȻˣȻоüĿ˱ľء
ơ
ŷֻһȭЩͨٶȲ嵽ǰ
еͨشƣȫϡҽһѪǱȻըˡ
ŷüΪһԭأʱڷ⣬ЩѪһ˲սȥһ̣Զ֣ɫ԰ףŷ񣬳˿־壬ȻղŹŷĹһ㽫ɱȻػҲ˵˱Դ
󸴻һ󱻻ɱ鷳ʹˣҲҪɵ
ҾͲܹƵĸҪɱ㲻ܻΪֹŷ˵˹ȥ
ɫȴò֣ŷ缤ս
ãٴαɱǸ֣ֻʱϢӵˣתߣ
Ѿɱ˵ûԼһ쾹ȻܻǱɱĸΣǱӡ
ŷҪ׷ȥʱһ̺ŷɱ˹
塣
ŷĿȻͬһȭԼļս˵ȭͷײһ𣬹ŷ絹˺ü
ԷҲ߳ɫڣȻҲܡ
Իʡ
ŷϳ˵ݣǱˣȻǰԻʡʱȻҲ
Ӵܵ󣬴ʱˣ¶ϲɫ˵Իʵѣãһ֣ն˹ŷ硣
á
ԻֱӵͷŹŷ磬˵˻ɱҵķ˱սһҿܹŵסá
Ҳˡŷʼ硣
Իʳ֣ŷѾûмս˼ˣϾԻʵʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ߣҲͬ⡣ԻЦͻȻ֣ȭŷ硣
µڣֱͬҪһ㣬ޱߵİĪ
ŷֻ֣ؾ춯أԻʵȭͷײһ
ͬʱˣŷѪܵһ˺ԻҲһһɫѪһν֣Ȼȫˡ
оһһʥ칦ʩչŷС
ơ
һȭһУȻŷ֣üķ⣬ʵ춯أȻԻʶ΢΢ɫûӲӣ˳ȥ
Ҳߣȴ֣Լŷ
ۣ
һ죬屻ŷն飬ҽһٴ
һٴνأȴ޹⣬ȻûûЧˡ
ŷֻҪ֣ɱֻŷȴܵڰԻ֮ΧбǿǰǱԷΧסܿд鷳
Թŷԥתߡٶȼ죬˲㵽ʡ
ߵ𣿡һһѳն䣬ɫĽǵأҪնɱŷ硣
ŷһսսףȻ֣ѳ
µŷһ˳ȥδȵʱ򣬹ŷֱ˺ϣȻ˽ȥ
ԷȻҪ׷ŷüķ⣬罣նʵɱȥ
ȻԷܹܵʵĿ£ֱӶܡ
ŷ뿪ԼķϽ֮УԻǻͷȫըɳȥ
ˣԻɫЩ
Ǹŷû˵Ѿ뿪һ
ߣǰûǰӺˣˣҪɱ֪ҪȵʲôʱأҲ紴ˡԻЩŭ˵
ԻʵĻͻ𩺧ȻղųֵǸˣȻȻˣӵһ壬һȱϺܶࡣ
һܹѹƹŷ磬Ǹ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ǿ£һԻʱܹѹǣû뵽һĴڣǶһۣԷе𾪡


1479 ɱ
Щˣע˵ġǸڣ쳣Į
ûаԻʵְ˫ĸоȴ쳣ȻǿһУ֮ϵo
ʲô˼Իšüͷʵ
Ȱ˵ǣҪΪУȴţȻ棬Ҫһʱʤɲ˻壬ҲӦ顣Ǹ˵
ԻɫúѿŭҪˣҲǰ֮ˡ
Ǻǡ
һЦ˵ǳǲмһʧײ
Իʵɫǳѿͻվһ䣬˶û˵
ɫɨˣԻ¶һĨЦݣһ֣˵λˣžޣλѽύΪѣ֪λΡ
ԻҪ˽ύͻ𩾪ϲĶһۣǵͷȻԸ⡣һǿƵ壬Իʸŷ綼Ҫ˱ܣӵһѣ˵һ¡
֮
Ц˵
Ҳһ˵ͷȻǳ߰ҲҪֶԷ˭ڰԻǰһ㶼
ղڰеĵǣЩɻʵǡһջļһǳ֣ʲôŷ磬ӳȥһ׷Ĺŷ粻ͣӴܡԻ˵
զ࣬һ׷ɱŷ硣
Ȼ֪ŷΪǺܸߣʵԵĿ¡˫սŷ磬ܽŷô
ڰеǸˣδɻʣһܹ׷ɱŷ磬ʵֱ̫ˣǾԿⲻ˶Էһ
ˣ˵ЩջĻˣҽύλѣԻʷǳˣҵȿףһԻʴЦ
Ȼ˵ǽύ˶ܹԻռλ
á
˴ЦֻʲôǾͲö֪ˡ
ףϽ֮Уŷ֣ɫȴÿһӰΣ۹ŷߵԷܹһʱ׷˲ǱˣϢϣŷܹоǸղŰгֵǸˡ
쵰ģ׷ŷ
ֻһΣɱ㣬ԺǱѡǸͳ˵
ŷ絰ۣɱԼźԼѣһǲ⡣ŷ֪Լʱᱻ˿⣬ڲžãԼԭģԷ⡣
ɫն䣬ضϹŷȥ·
ŷֱ֣ӱ齣ٴγ˹ȥ
һҪĻߣЧ
ɱҵģҪٷѾˣۣҳڿ϶Ķ֣ҪɱңҲǲܵģҪʯ١ŷû˵
֪ԼǶԷĶ֣ԷҲҪˣпܱˮ
ŷһҪߵĻԷţƤһ׷ҪɱǸܵ顣
Ǹ˲˵Ȼ׷Źŷ硣
Ǹ˭ǻĵĹŷ磿һЩʿϳŷݡ
찡Ȼ׷ɱǸ˻еǿ˭Ȼܹ׷ɱŷ磬̫ˡ
ŷ类׷ɱӡʱ紫Ϣ
֮УϢʱ˶һŵӡҲ쳣֮£˭˵׷ɱŷ磬ھȻһͻ׷Źŷɱ
ȥһ¡һ£ֱӳ
ԯݺ᱾ȥģ뿪ȻȥǰЩ뿪֮УҲ뿪磬ȱǿ
ȻлʣǱϾʲô飬Ҫ߳֡
Сӣ㹻˰ŷ˱׷ˣֱͣסһߵĹŽУŶԷ
תȥһеǿߣòǹŷȴԸܵȻǰеˣǻϢȴǰһԵ
ڶԷϣһֵȻĸо
ŷͣסֱһ䡣
Ƶ£ûա
ŷĶŶԷХһüķ⣬罣ɳ̺Żʵ˳ȥ
䡣
һ죬ɫȻǸϹеǿߣһ˵ʵеĻʣѹһн㾹ȻֶΣȻΪ
ŷ֪һʶԼһ汲ȻǺ֮㣬ǹŷ̫Сˣʵ϶ʿ˵ǧҲһ˶ѡ
ûʶԷʶżҵ˭ŷ綢ŶԷ˵û뵽黹أҪΪԶңҪɱңҲ
δء
еǿߵ˵Ȼ˳һֻŷ£Ƶ˻Եϡ


1480 
ֲޱߣհٽ磬һֿµܣ˲
ŷȻֿܵµƣһȭͷ⣬ƽѪڣʹ޾ϢֻʵͬʱԷȭͷײһ
ȫ飬ﻯһƬ磬Ž綼ڲ
˵˻ȥ֮£ŷĵ˵ľܴѪᴩأŶԷ

еǿ߿ڣ¡͸ŷܹһֻͨһ˫ɫ䣬ܹŽδһ㡣
Ҳ֮ܲ£ܹҵ˲ˡŷ˵ս졣
Ȼŷ֪ˣһʤȴҲùŷһ뷨֮£޵У֮ǰ̬Ľڻʵǿߣ˭Ҳ
ڼ˵ʱ֪Լǵ͹Ӣۡ
Էǿƣ磬սǳǿԳԽ
ǿѪʹǣǻսҿˣҲ˵һɱ㣬Ǳѡеǿ߿ڣɫĮ
ҵǲҪѣɱңҪѣ㵱ҹŷʲôˣŷЦ֡
һֶϻڶԷϡ
еǿһüĳһѪһѪʧĺѸ٣ŷɱ
ŷгأһֶϻȻԷһ˺ȴأڶԷսû̫Ӱ졣
ŷҲ˳ȥ˫ֻӶչ¹
˵һ֣վ˫λϡ
ŷһӳһѪۣղһ֮£һ㱻նס
еǿߣһűʿ඼ˣһν֣˶ûռˡ
ѪУ޸壬ȻĿƣŶԷ
ʱеǿߣҲ޾ս⡣
ȭ
еǿ֣߳ȭȥƣһ磬ȫɢΪһƬޡ
޾ȭͷ棬˻Ե
µѹڹŷϣȻɫڱ죬ǳܲסѹһ
ŷҧδսսףΪŷ粻֮£˭Ҳ壬Էǿѹڹŷ˵һ־޴Ĵпϡ
Ȼŷ۲ӣҲ³Ӱֱ֮£µӰĥ
ҪǿȥҲпͻԼļޣһ¥
ŷ籬ѪǶ⣬ƣüԪоһŻʡŷһȭѧͨȫ֣УʵΪ壬һɱ⣬ɨ
ˣҲڴһ֮󣬲˾˵ı仯
ƽѪ嫺ֱƽʥȣֲޱߣħĤݡ
ŷѪǣԹԾһ˲ɱ䣬Ȼһ壬ĳɾ֮塣
һֿµʣʱɱ䡣
䡣
һ죬еǿߣ˳ȥԡѪŷһɡɢ¶һƽ
һͷɫҡȻͷ򣬹Ȼһɱ㡣
ŷڷ磬ңŶԷ㵽˭һָоͰˣ̫һ
ұǰˡԷЦ
һָоȻǰˣǺͰԱıȫͬղȻҪɱңȴûɱ֣ĻҾҪɱ䣬ܡŷᶨ˵
Էǿƣʵǿ󣬱ղҪǿ
ŷȻͻƣʵԽԷ֮ǰʵվûбȶԷǿԷҪɱȻܣشȴԿ
ǹŷԸ⸶һĴۣܹߡ
Ѿʴ飬ǰе࣬ҲǲԸˣлŰѪǿѾһˡеǿߵ˵
ʱһ⣬ͣɢݳǼʧһ
ŷͻȻ¶𾪵ɫ˼˵һ
㲻þɥȻҵķҲгΪԾռ̫ƣ磬ҲĶ֡
ŷĬȻ˵֪Ҳʵһ֡һսǲͻƣսˡ
ڹŷ˵һִ̼޵еģٰ֮Уͬ޵Ĵڡ
ǰ壿ŷʳԼһ⡣
΢΢һ£Ǹǿߵ˵ͷǿ϶˹ŷĻ
壬һּµʣһɳпѹƻѪ
¡ŷ̾
Ѫµġ˵˵仰ʧ


1481 ߵĲ
ɢȻֻһǹŷ绹е꣬̾һû˵һ˫ȴųء
壬ԲֹǰԱô򵥣֪һЩʲôҶڹŷ̬ȣҲǳζֳӣһֺĸо
ŷҪ֪壬һʲôӵˣôĸо
ŷ硣
һ𣬹ŷһ˹ȥ
۳֣ŷûʱʱһ
ôˣŷֹͣ˼Щȵʵ
˵㱻׷ɱģղŵսܼҰɣۿ˹ŷһۣЩ𾪵˵
˹ŷΪϹŴ죬ֱӽϹŴ죬ҽ۷塣
ڹŷ˵ǲġ
ǷǳңԷǿǰİ壬һһ㽫һܣҹؼʱͻƣŷɱ˶ԷŷЦ
ǶԼνֻ뵽ǿ󣬱Ȼ
ʲôһ׷ɱ㣿¶ȻɫȻе㲻šŷɫ̲סզࡣ
֮оȻֱ̬ҿˣҪҵȣ²ҲҪѲƤҡͷ˵
ŷ̲סһһۣʲôҿԼˡ
ԺҵĻҵҪһĿһ˷ܵĹâ
һۣŷ絭˵϶ᱻŰҶʣ¡
á

Ҳףһܹ׷ɱŷ磬ԷϣĻͬŷ˵һŰһҶʣ¡
ģڻܲ˻ˣϵı̬ôôࡣ۶̲סˡ
һ֮У˰ʱ䣬ǰȫһˣ˺ܿʣֻİǰӡ
ŷȴ֪ʮǰ뿪һˣȻ֮󣬱˶ˣŷףʲôĽ⿪ˡ
û˵ԹŷûʣԼ飬ǲԸ˵Ļŷ粻ǿġ
ˣҪԹˣǻǻعɣҵ˰˱ĻߣǼһҪ֪ұ׷ɱĻԸŷ˵
۶ҵطˣ˱ҹҲһôѵ顣
ŷĻ΢΢ͷǸһûһڻߵϣǿɶ񡣡
û취ŷʼ硣
ԷϾһߣ֮䣬ӵĺƽȻЩСĦǺ漰硣
԰˱ʼʹֻ֣Ҫ̫֣ߵĻߣҲûа취˵Щʲôֻܿţ̶Էð˱ʸӵǿˡ
ƽ𻢻ҲһаԵǵ磬˵Թڵġ
߰ɡ
˵ȻеŭɫҲ֪ﲻǾ֮ء
˺Ѵϣ뿪
뿪󲻾ͣµӰ֣ǻƽ𻢻ʺͰ˱ʡ
ˡ˱ʿڣ䡣
ϧˣһСߣһǲɱĻȻ鷳ƽ𻢻˵
ģݲҲԸһǿ߳ɳҲǳ֣Ҳ֣ɱǸŷġ˱Ц
ƽ𻢻¶һĨɭȻЦݣ˵Ĳ֮Уھһе̫ˣǰջһλϵңҪնɱݺе˽ܣǳɳ
̫ˡ
˱һʱ¶ϲɫ
˶һۣԷе⡣һ˵ӦǾսѪһѾǳ׷ˣΪѾǱˡˣȴûʵܹĻߡ
һ߼룬˵һϢ
֣ϽƼ壬Ҳǻƽһύǵ˼Ҳͬ˳۹ŷ磬Ҫǽˣˡƽ𻢻Це˵
˱ЦĸˣƼңһµļ壬ԶԶûбϿô򵥣ֻЩߣ֪ƼҵĿ¡
һƼңһµĹŽ硣
ǲǹ¾սжȻӦƼƽ𻢻쳣ȷ˵
Ǿͺã磬ǼʣҵҪǻܹʲôӵĲ˱ʴЦ
ʱҲû취֣ҵϵĲ꣬δȫ⣬ߴսĻһ٣ҵ˵Բһ顣ƽ𻢻ʺȻ뵽һ飬üͷ˵
ߵĲ꣬仰˱ʵɫҲǲÿ
޵Уײã棬ҲԼΣֲ꣬ȻҲҹӡ


1482 Ϯ
ղź쵰׷ˡü˵
ŷͷȻҲܵˣϢ쳣ϤǱˣǰ˱ʺͻƽ𻢻ǡ
ŷĻЦȻնɱǡ
ǳɻʣҲܹܰ˱ǣΪ̫ܳˣУΪǿ֮һ
ʱҪûһָо棬Ǳˡŷüͷ˵
΢΢һ㶣ЩŹŷ磬ʲô˼
һֹϢʱ̲ҵߣ˲꣬ǰҲУǷǳ΢ȴ쳣ŷ翪˵
꣬죬Ϣǳˡ
΢΢һ㶣ȻѿڶǿߵĲ꣬ϵǿߣ١
ʲôŷ΢΢һ㶡
ͻȻԼǰ˵Щǿߣǿʱ򣬷˲꣬µĳС
ŷ綼̫飬һΪûн磬Բûʲôĸܡ
ڶǹŷԼʵǺŵģȻǴܹסĲ꣬Ӧ㲻ʲô
ֲ꣬Ǻ⣬ǴʱŷȴһָоҲֲ꣬Ļǳ鷳ġ
ֲ꣬Ҫ֮ϵǿߣһ٣Ƿǳޣ٣󲿷˶ͦꡣɫءʶһ֮ҲֹܵϢ
ΪǿߣҼȾޡ
֮ǰǿ֣߳ǲǲֻҪܹ꣬ģ޷ǿߣǲԷ۽͡
ŷͷȻ֪һ㡣
ֲ꣬¶ԻߵƣӾ޴ɡŷһ
߲Ϊֲ꣬ȻǻߣԲҲҵм𣬱ڲꡣۿڡ
۵Ļŷ絹һ
ڲܹ꣬ͦȥ
Һ۽ͣΪͦȥܹһ˳һεʱ䣬ǲһֱԵķ˳˳ˮһֱߣʱᷢ
꣬ûв귢Щǿ߲ųΪˣڿ벻ӵģֻʱʧûнֻˡɫء
ûô򵥣δ׳ֻһЩϺQûеô򵥡ŷоһ
ҡͷʾԼ֪ף飬ҪߵˣһַԲʱ򣬻һա
۵ǲ̫ԼǳޣԼ޵УͬĲ꣬˵ֻһĥȴĥ
ǻص磬ŷ׻ˣһŷеǳ⣬˵̫ˡ
־ϵ֧׻еκ˿ȵġ
ȻǷȻУҲźܴţǺ͹ŷȣͲ̫Զˡ
һŷ£ƾţ޷еĳԱİ
Ѿնˡŷ˵һ仰Ȼ󣬵ǷǳģеĳԱ˵һ˷ܵϢ
Լ޵еģ֮£ûܹв
ǻŹŷ
ŷпЦԼ֪ô£ͻ֮󣬲Էһ˵Բһٵ顣
Ͻ֮УѾһǳأʽפϽ硣
紫Ϣ֮󣬰ԻʴЦ˵࣬紫ŷɱˣǰǿߵһǸǿߣûн߾硣
ϢһȥȻĸ磬סˣһ׷ɱŷ磬ǱӣǿߵʵҲʵ̫ˡ
ܶ𾪣ʶǿҲһЩˣԹŷӣΪŷ粻ˡ
ѪУһѪ߳һ꣬죬һֿµ⣬Ц˵ŷ磬ôͷѪ浹Ҫ֪νսѪᣬǲǿʵ
ŷ磬˵ܲҪȥʶһһʥŮӣòʥޱȣʱڣ֡
ʦҪأǸսѪһսһ׳˶꣬Ұ

һϵ
ʦֻ֪ͨһģͬҲҪͬ⣬ͬҲҪͬ⡣׳˶꿴ƿţȴһСһ˵Ļ쳣
ǸϵþûֱǸ׳˶궼ЩͷʱһƳ˳ֱӽɳȥ

Ǹϵ
׳˶Ц˿ԼʦΪתߣ뿪硣
һʱ䣬ƾۻᣬǿ߸


1483 ׺
֮⣬ǿƣһ˽ܣǾãŷȻûôŹŷֻҪܹŷ磬ܹɾԼһʱ
ҲһЩʿҪ̽һ¹ŷʵʵͬҲһЩˣĶˣҪŷ鷳
ŷ磬һսһϹŴʿϴ󺰣Ҫսŷ硣
˶ۣһʵǺ͹ŷȣȴͲһεģƣںܶУֱء

һӰħֱӳ֣ʿɨ˳ȥ
ʱ䣬ħѾϹŴ񾳽磬ʵˡ
֮ͬУѹһͬˡ
һѯħݡܿЩǿ֪߱ǹŷһӣò˾̾һӶѣȻǿʵ
ʱʿùģǾãԼδܹʤħοԹŷ磬ħʦֻħ
нУҪԽʦһ׵飬ҳ治𣬺ܶ˶ߵʦ·ҪԽǰˣһЩ˽ܣԼĵܹߵһ
ǹŷǺˣųͬ޵УħȻٽܳҪԽŷ綼ܡ
ʵϣ˸ղǸɵһϹŴ죬սŷģϵǿߡ
Ǻų˽ܣһǶǿߡ
սʦһսĻħĿȻɨۣĲ
ȻħʵҪۣǲܵģϾʵȻǿ󣬵ǺһЩ˽ȣδؾռкܴơ
ħĻһ˵վ
һսһӢΰӣ磬ħϣһɿֲѹϱء
ܶ𾪣ϳ˵ݡ
׺Ͻ׻ʵĵܵܣȻҲˡʿ˵˵ݡ
׺Ҳ׵ǿߣ츳Լֳ̫ࡣһ׷ʿ۾̾
ǰùŷϽʥԺ׻ʣ׺֣ҪΪԼֳһѩǰܡ
׻ʶǹŷĶ֣׺ǹŷĶ֡
Щʿ̸ۣǶڹŷʵһѵʶ
Ȼ˾Լʵǿ󣬲ŷġ
ʦֳұҪ㡣ħֶޱȡȻϹŴ񾳽磬һϢȴֲ˼㡣
ʹһЩЩľ
ƾ㣿׺Ц
ɫг˲мħڿһ
һϹŴһļһȻ˵Ҫֱ̫Цˡ
ְɡħĮ˵
ֶվ֮ϣһħɽһ㣬ɢֲϡΧȣⲻħǰ»ߵĵָ߶ȣܹչֳһ˿»ߵĿ¡
׺ɫмһָһ׹£ħѹȥ
ǿµĻ׹⣬ͬʿźܴɱԡ
ߡ
ħָ֣죬ͬһָֻȥ׹ײһ
ͬʱˣ׺¶һ˿㵵ɫħϣһĨ̡˵һν֣ƽɫ
ħ˵Ȼ飬ЩΪĺܿ죬̫ǰָսǷǳ顣
׺һʵȹŷͶҪĶ࣬ħȣˣǴʱȴһƽɫɫҲסˡ
ˣֻʵͲսҵʦˣ㵲סʦһָͷħƽ˵ڳһʵ
׺ɫѿ˵Źŷû뵽ĵӣҲһͬұʦúõĽѵһ٣֪ʲô𾴳
ĻħǳһĨмЦݣУǿΪҪҵĳ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡
ǿƣ׺˿ã׺С

׺ŭ
Ļ֮һ⣬ֱħ¡Ǵ֮־ƿ׷Զ档
ħЦֱӳһֻ˸ҫ۵Ļƽ⣬ǵ׹ץСֱԴ׹ֱȻ׺
һ裬ȡԷͨ֡ͬһ֣սףħʵĳԽ׺ȻĻ׾ٵıѹƶԷͨġ
䡣
׺֣һȭ׹⣬ʲôû˵ֱӳ˹ȥ׺ףԼǲħܣ˾Ͷˡ
ֳ裬ֻöԷѪܹϴˢ
ħƽ貣жսԷɱӰ֮ϼս綼
գޱȣкɨԷ
ЩʿɫǸܵµĲһЩΪ߳Ĵڣȫˣ±


1484 ĵ
׺ŭսزδħ£˵ֱֱĶ⣬ʵ̫ˡ
׺һָоħԽսԽ£Ҫѹӵĳסһֿ־塣
ǱһСܣʵ̫ˡԺ¶㣬Ϊûȥˡ
֮£ħƽͨϡ
һֶϻʩչ׺ҽУķѡľս޷ѹħһֶϻ꣬ûһ㿹
ʵϣһֶϻڴУпµܣȻͨˣһȣɱһλ顣
ħ͹ŷǣϾǴ壬ȱҺȻʩչһֶϻ̫꣬ǿ
ȻˣҲѹƺ֣ܶѪ
飬׺ԪХ޾׹£ػԼ
ѰҽӽЩ׹⣬ħη壬ֱӳ˳ȥ
׺Ԫңħһֻץסһɱ
ֳϣһ߰ɡħ˵׺ߡ
Ŀħһ׺Ե쳣ɥսŷģȴŷĵӻˡ˵һ޴Ĵ
Ըңŷʵжǿ׺Ҫ֪һ㡣
Ŀ׺һۣħ˵ǿһָֻͷҡ
׺һתߡʱѾףԼսŷ磬ڹŷУͬСһ
뵽ԼֳŷսܣͬӮ˹ŷأ׺֪Լһֱʵֳ࣬ڿ̫Դˣ׻ʵʵԶԶԽֻΪǵܵܣԲδ¶ôΪ
޸뿪
ħϣȴЩ˳֡
˶ӣԷеԥرһЩҪսŷˣҲףŷ粢еôһӣܹ׺кܶ˵ʵ׺¶ѡ
ֵǰһսһǿǶ
Ĵڣǵʵˣһ˫Ӷħϣǿѹ
󣬴գա
Ϣ죬òһ£ž˵ɱ
ʲôˣħɫأڶԷϣܵµʵȸղŵ׺Ҫǿ̫ˡ
µʿһˣδ֮¡
ģϡ˿ڣ˵Լ֡
ĵϣƺһ˵ʿ֮̾壬ĵֵܣΪٮٮߣǿᣬɨ֮еǿߣ޵֮
һιŷģڱչܳأⱻΪ£ʱᣬУҪսŷ硣
ĵ֣ɨһͬǿߡ
ħɫأüͷ˵ǿߣǸҲ׼һ𣿡
ֵܹˣҲһ֣һսĿڣɫƽ˭еİ
ʲôӵǿߣǶҽš
ʦһ֣ĻǵסǼСЦ˵Ĳм
ȻԹŷ磬ҲǺܿϡ
ħɫŭŶԷȴԥϾһˣȷʵǶԷĶ֣е¶һ
ô𣿡ĵĮʵ
ǲңʦʧܣ壬Ǳ㲻ΪǡϷ̵˵
߹Ҳʦ䣬ֱЦһмһ
˳ȥһŮӣʥޱȣ߹
˫ʥĹâУȫ
ţŷĴӡϳŵݡ
ŷΪ˵ʵֱ׷ŷˡ
Ӻˣų֣¹ŷҲסˣϾżħԲĵϵĶ֣̫ǿˣǹŷ֣һܶ²˵
˶ãǹŷ֣Ļܻĵϡ
ʵϣĵԼΪ
ùŷɡĵϿڣ¶һĨЦ̫ɵŷ磬ΪǶԼʵźܴİգΪŷȻҪѹǣȴδܹţǹŷһӣȻܵŵʵȴãܹһս
Ҳ˵˵׻ֶսŷ硣
սĻʮİա
һսʦʦһսħ˵
һˣղŲӦսΪ֪ǵĶ֣ǴʱŵĻħǲٵˡ֪ŵʵһԼʦ̫ǿߡ


1485 ƽֽ
֣ԸĵϣȻʤ˶ԷҲ䲻ˡ
Сʦܣ֣Ȼ˺ʦ֣Ըϲޡ˵ϴһĨЦݡ
ħһ£Ҫ֣ѵǹŷ硣
뵽ħҡҡͷŷǳ֣Ͳˣ֮£û˭ֵùŷ˭ֵġ
ʱĹŷ磬Ϊһ¥ʵ¡
ѵǹŷҪ֣ͶˣҶڴأŷֵĻ͸ϽɡЦ
ƳһۣҪɱĻҪʦ֣
һսмЦݡ
ǵǲڣȻʲôöʵҲһǵĶ֡΢΢һЦ˵ĺܳϿҡ
֪ͺá
Ȼ
ҵʦܵĻԲǵĶ֡ſ˲Զһۡ
һ˳֣ͷӰͷĳ֣綼
һֿµƣ콾ӵеĿơ
ϲģҪҸһս쿪ڣо˸ĵϣȻ˶ܵѹ
ĵϱɫǶһۣܹԷеľ
ǳǿǵ
һţɫأ֪Լ˾޴սǰŮսǵʵ
ô˵ˣѵˣɫ
һЦŷڵģʧȥһӣһӡĵгɱ⣬Ȼ׼º֡
ȴ⣬һЦҪɱҵĻбͳ֣ҾɱҾ͡
Ȼĵв첢Ǻ⡣
ҪˣƤˣ֡
Ͽڣͬʱ֡ж쳣ͻȻˣû뵽ǻ͵Ϯ
Ҳ壬ֱӭȥ
սϣŶսġ
ײһϵ޾ը飬һռ䶼ˣǿ߱ɫȥ
̫ˣǺȻĶˣû뵽ĸ˵ײȻ˿ֲ
Ѫڣʥȣϼս·磬䵽˼㡣
ţʥսģͨǧٽ硣˼սżһ˳֣ѡ
дػҪ٣пܻͿ̿
ˣʵսҵĸףֱЦЦг˲м
ߡ
һХһ𣬺ƺƵ˿µĻܡ
˽ľѧ£һᴩŽ񣬻档
ֻ֣ظѡס˽һХһµ֣ѹħзԵ쳣ѹȥһֱתӡ
ߡ
ղվĵطϢϢȫޡ
Ȼ϶һû뵽쾹Ȼӵ˿µֶΣղǶһ㣬Ҫɱˡ
ߡ
Цٴγġ
ĸϽܿڹǸ磬£Ե÷ǳɵ
Ц磬¶һĨȻڳ˵ĵСɫͨ죬ȴܷʲô
ϾȷʵӲӹղŵ
ʵϣǸ磬ǹͨԻһ֮ײϵĻҪ⡣
ǶܣǱȫԼ
Ȼһĺ͵ǲ֪ģֻǱܵĸое磬ȻĻԴ
콫ǸջȥҲΪãֻΪǸ磬ʵ̫ںķÿһٻڹ˵һֳصĸʹԹʵҲ̫ڶ硣
콫Ǹջĺ͵ϣһ
ɱ
ٴμսһĵϵʵ֮ҹ϶ҪǿһЩڻУõ˴Уʱ벻κһ˵Ķ֡
Ĵǿߣ֮ϼս
Щʿһ㿴ɵˣ֪ŷ絽жˣĵӺͶӣܹսĵϣ·磬ʵԿƿֲ
ܹŷǲǱ׷ɱˣʵûɡΪֻ˵Է̫ǿˣǹŷ̫ˣʵϿǳ֣˭ǻùŷʵɵˡ
Ĵǿߣһײȫվ
սڣǶ˫ʵ˽⣬ʵǴͬһȼǿߣսУѷֳʤ
ĵҲףûмսȥıҪˡ
ƽֽΣĵĻսȥˡΪʹź͹죬ҲҪܴĴۣһĻǸûսŷʵˡ


1486 컯Ի
һս𣿡ʵ
ǿƣȻƾУ֮УƣȻûг֣ǲǲڡ
ս󣬹ǾԳԲ˿ԹŷԸҲԲΪνӣԼĶӺͽܳԿġ
ԣԵ޼ɵ
ҲûзŹ˵Ĵ㣬壬ǹŷǵ϶֡
ǲҪ̫ŭ
û뵽ǶֹˣǶԷȻȻģҪǳ֡
̫ǶѾˣ˵ֱ̫ЦЦѪģ⡣
̬ȣݣһҪֳһںܶս˵һѹҪսĻҪһ£ܲܳĽһסǿǲݵľ档
ȻˣǾһսɡĺ͵ˣҲǳϣȻǲģǼ֣һս
ڽԼܡ
ã⻹ǸˡЦ
˫ţң·ʱҪһ㡣
ڴʱһ޴Ĳд
ʲôǿкȻַܵ·بűڵƾϢ
컯硣
˷޴ĺ𶯣硣
һµǿߣ磬ֱӴһƬŽгһطȥһڻʵǿߣʵ£ƽʱӣʱȴ߳Ҫ컯硣
컯翪ˡһЩǿȫתĳȥ
ĵҲսˣֱս컯ȥ֮£컯Ķ˵
̫ĵʣ̺žһõЩУȻһЩ˵쳣õһ顣
ʵĵһǾžޣо޴Ĳֵ
컯磬һ𣿡쾪ɲ
һ컯飬Ǽٵģ˺ܶǿߣһ컯֣˵١
һʦ֪ˡ˵ûżǰ·ȥ
ŷڷУܵ˵ĵһֱ˳ȥ
ʦŹ˵
ϰ֡
Եú⣬Цеĺһ䣬Ȼ濴һۣأ
ʦ֮в̫ȫʦĵʦȻǻߣҲַáŷ翪ڡ
һֱδýٻǻع磬ż
ʵϣֻҪŷԼʵܿߣɽԶ֮иӵİȫи֣ǾԲרűӡ
վͲһˣϾǶͽϱһĵǲչ˺ã˵ȥˡ
ʦǴ˵еʥʶһ¡ð⡣
˹һۣŷҡͷлģʵǳҵ󣬾Ȼô졣
ǲ㡣Щơ
ڹԴһ£Ц˵ʦʵѾԶԶԽˣҪԽʦһδܹ
Ҳǣͷӵı̬ģԼͷȣֱŰʼ磬Ҳ֪Լ׵ı̬
ŷһۣ˵Ҫ˵ˣҺۻԯһˡ
ףҪȥ컯磿¶ȵɫ
Ҳһˣ˲³Լ׵Ĵ㡣
ŷͷһοģ컯磬ҪȥܲһЩԵ
ܹõ߻ߵĴУ׻˵һ顣
һˣŷһҪߵġ
ʦһαм٣һβһɣжǼ٣ʵ
һҪ߻ع飬ǶѾܵˣһβһѾоһûϢ־ԶبŵϢȻĵʣҲģһε컯磬ġŷŵ˵
һȺ˵жϣ
۵ߣжϾԲֲ

۳֣ԯݺ˲Уʱ䣬ǸǿһϢǿ
ȻŶ̲סҡͷȻͬܳʱƣڱˡ
֮ǰԺԯݺᲢǴʱȴһָоԼԯݺᣬ˺ܴĲࡣ
ʦܻλǰ磬ʦȥɡ˵ԥ
á
ŷǶһۣȻ
ͬʱֳԾˣŷ̫ǿˣȻڻʵǿߣ¶ܹѹơ
һȺȺʿ˺һĴ磬ǰ컯ֵĵط


1487 ƵĹŽ
һ·ϣҲϹŴ񣬵ϹŴ֮µʿȴһûСȻҪ˵õԵҲҪоԵʵ
߾磬ǹŷĻܲͬٵǰСֲͣ˺һϣҲҪǿʵ
һ·ƽģһЩǿĹŽ磬˹·ʱ򣬻ǿϮҲһЩޣûϹŴľ磬ѶЩ
ȻϹŴҲ䲻١һЩͨһҲ·ϵġ
ŷˣǺƽǵʵȻ֣߳ҪɱǣҲһбܹ쵽ģǲ̫ǻлߡ
ڻ֮µǿߣ˳֣ǾʹǸһ׷ɱŷİ壬ҲһֻҪδɻʣͲܵס˵֡
˺ɸ磬˸ǡ
һЩҲԸ˳֣ϳŷǵݣ֪Ǽ鷳һ֣»ǳĻˡ
°ɱǣֻĻҪ׼ĻԳɹ
žԽԽΪ߳ʿԽԽࡣЩȫ࣬кܶ࣬Ǻǿ
ǿŷ˵ʱ򣬶¶ɫȻܵŷǵǿ
ǹŷ磬ԯݺۣ׻Ƶǿߣ˵ÿһˣܹаڻʵǿߡ
˴ԣԼͬ˵ݣǲҪˡ
ŷʵǿᣬȡһЩǲ⡣ʵϣǾԲҫ۵ģҲкܶǿߣͬǿƾףǡ
ʵϣǽڻʵǿߣѾʮǸ壬ǳǿʵˡ
Щ˱ȹŷҫۣǰռһ֮û˸·
ۡ
һɱΪסһڻʵǿߵȥ·ԲŲ
һĻܶǿһݣǸӾˣȻǽڻʵʿҲĺ˷Ͼ˶̫ǿˣǳ֣˭Ҳ˵Լܹѹסˡ

һŷǱоһɿµԼǽڻʵǿ߷ĹҪѹǡ
ŷתһ֣һ
Ǹֵǿɫ䣬֪ãϽӴȻܵס˵ĹֱӱɳȥӶˡ
Ǹڻʵǿ߱ɫתܣ෴ȥ
˺Ȼǻʵ֮µǿ߰Ȼ˲ãŷǴǱӡ
ߡ
ŷЦһû׷ɱȥ˼ǰ
ֻǴʱŷǵ񣬸ӵۡһڻʵǿߣס˵һղӴܵһ㣬Ҫɱˡ
ڣеһЩǿߣŷǵС
˺һһ磬һϵ硣ظɺԣһûУֻһƬںɫеĵط̺Ѫζ֮Ż
ﲻ컯磬һ˵ĹŽ磬ʬɢڵϣܶ඼ǿޱߵ飬ʹѾȥ˲֪£ЩĹͷڷ⣬˲ԡ
ǣһʱĹŽ硣ǿ߸Ӧһ£Ȼ¶һĨȵɫ
ŷҲľһʱµĹŽ磬ôܡ
Ҫ֪ʱ棬ĨɱˣﻹйŽ
ĹŽ磬ֻһ֣ȻˣҲһЩ߹ŽҪǿĶࡣһϹ⴫Իʳ֣˵ȻĿŷ
һӵˣû뵽һˣŷ磬ǰԻЦ˵ɫ߰Źŷ磬һмӡ
ΧʿȫżˣЩڴԻǰ֮е峤ǿޱȣŷײ֪ʲôӵĽ
ŷ翴һۣȻ³֣ϲġ
Χ˾ȣǶ԰ԻʵļȲмԲ˵ĻֻǣУڽԻʵϲĵˣм
ȻЩ˲֪ŷͰԻʵʵȣ˭ǺȻŷʸΪԻʵĶ֡
ŷ磬ͼѿ֮ܣͣһսݡԻ˵
컯֣ǰԻʲżʵϣ컯ڣδĴ򿪣ᣬŷնɱ
ڰԻ˵ȻǴʧһν컯Ļᣬն˹ŷ磬Ҳһֵ顣
һս𣿡ۿڣŰԻʣϴһĨ⡣
ԻɨһۣЦ㲻ҵĶ֣һ۵ߣ㻹ҳ֣߲ɱ㣬ֻǾ㲻һССϣԲû֣Ҫ¶ǿͷĻδûл߳ɱ㡣
Ҫɱɱ֮ǰҵǶԴеȤЦĿȻŰԻʵԴ


1488 Ϸͷ
ҪҵԴԻɫζۡ
ͻȻ֣۴һȭȭµɫѪ纣һ嫣ȭͷѹ¡
۳Хͷ֮ϣֺգһִϣֱӳȥ

һ죬ۺˣһѪԻʶûжһ£һ˺ûܵ
һ֮£С
ȷʵǰԻʵĶ֣Ȼ֮Ĳ࣬Ҳûô󡣰ԻҪɱۣҲǺѵһ飬ԼҲҪܴĴۣܹɹ
ʮ֮ұն㡣Ц˵
ţʮ󣬳ԽԻʣնɱ
ʮˡԻЦ˵ܵ۵ǱԲһǳµǿߡ
ĸʱĻʮ֮ȻɱΪҲࡣ
ԻȻǲһɵӣ˵۹׼ҲҪնɱŷԭһָоٸŷһʱ䣬ǹŷĶ֡
ԣƵĹŽУŷ֮󣬰Իʱ֣նɱŷ硣
ȷʵڶʮ֮һսΪ˶ʮꡣ˵ǹŷ磬վ˳ֱԻʡ
վڹŷ󣬲ûǰ
ΪԼİǲͬʱҲףЩ鲻ܹǿȥĻ͵
۲һɵӣȻ
ԹŷҪֶԸԻʣһ㶼ʲô뷨ͬ
νĶʮԼǰԻˣȻġԯݺῴһۣ˽ĿͶˡ
ԻʲǶǰڻʵǿ߸棬Ŀ⾼ڹŷվһ˲䣬Ѿ˰Իʵ
ڻʵǿߣǰеˣʵǿᣬݺӡ
ô򣿡һݵͷӿڣòʵһũһǵŷ翴Է֮󣬶ʱ¶һĨϲɫ
ɫܿıڳ˭ûо쵽
ǸͷӵǾ쵽ˣһЦȻһ棬в֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼһ̴રવĳţһеӡ
Χˣڿһһͷаͷ֪Ȼʱ˵ⲻ
ͷǳˣȫ뿪ڶһ
ףôͷôԶǸС磬ղ㲻˵ͷҾͺ׽𣿡ͷһϹŴ˵һöԷ˳
Ҳʶ㣬ûм㣬ûк˵ǶһתܣԼΪϼһðԻʶˡ
ǿƣɱֻһ֮䡣
ǸСղ㲻˵һʣҪͷΪɵ𣿡ͷӿ˲ԶһŮʿһۣɫ
˵תܣͶˡ
ǸǸϼһẓָ́ͣ㣬ָһˣһ˶ɫתܡ
ЦͷԼνǣȥˣԻʿǰǵﲻ
ͷµôһˣȻһ׽˶ûУͷӿɥƵ˵
ϼһȻû׽ˣôϣҲһֱȥɡŰԻʵһǿ̲סֱһƳ˹ȥ
ͷƨһŻһֱȻתܡ
ٶȺܿ죬ֱӶǸ˵Ĺ
ȿȣһжᣬϼһһûлǲġͷЦе˵
Ǹǿüͷ΢΢һ壬ܵһ㲻ԣԷһϹŴ񣬰˵ܶùĹǶԷȴȥȻǱȴиܵԾԷǹӵġ
㵽Ǻη֣Ǹǿü
ͷֻ̾Ҫһ֣ôôأҪɱһͷӣʵ̫ˡ
ͷӵĻǸǿЦĿ絶ߵϣҪһۡ
ԿᣬҪģҪģɱǡԻָŹŷ˵
ԻʵĻͷ¶һĨЦݣС⻰˵ĲҪͷӣɱˣһ߿Ϸ
ԿɭȻĿͷһۣû˵ǴеɱܹûдŹͷӡ
ֻǸͷӣҲ֪񾭴װûиоȻરવĳẓ́һ׼Ϸӡ
Χ˶ΪͷһѺʵǿȥдͷ뿪ֻͷӸ⣬ЦеΪ
ȻЩ˵Ȱ⣬ͷӸûȥ
߼ȻҪϷҾΪһϷСӹǴһŷ翴˰Իһۣɵ˵


1489 սԻ
СӲϲߴЦȻԹŷ̬Ⱥ⡣
ԻĿͷһۣ˵װɵ
ͷӵĲһϹŴô򵥣ڶԷΪ״ﵽʲô磬ԻҲ
ȴ֪ͷӣʵܾˡ
ǰҪһ㣬áŷҡͷ
ԻɫĮɨ˹ŷһۣĮ˵ʲôֲָֻšɫܱ䣬Ȼһ˫ӳϣ˸о޴ѹ
ľһ㶼Ĭŷֹ
ߡ
ԻߣͻȻɫһ䣬ŷ֡
һ˫ȭͷѹϹը˿µĻܡǰȭһУ赲
սĺͻȻǹŷһ㶼⣬ԻʲʲôظˣʵԻ͵ϮҲֻΪԼռơ
ĳЩ˵Իʺ͹ŷ֮䣬һͬģҪﵽʲôĿģܵ׵һЩ
ŷ֣ͬһȭȭͷ棬תޱȣ˵ȭͷݺݵײһ
䡣
ȫˣŷĿɭȻϣЦԻʣˡ
Ȼ˵ǹŷҲףԼʵϹŴ죬ļĺͰԻһսδĶ֡
ԻЦͷϷ趯һħ񣬿ޱȡ
Ҳˣֻʵˡ£µϢŷ˹ȥ
ŷҲͬȥ֮ϻϽɫĺۼȻײһ
䡣
ϽɫĹâһ𱬷֮һըסȻЩڻʵǿߣҲоȣԴ졣
һЩΪӵ͵ļһǲһܵһѪ˳
ɫȻ໥һۣԷеĿ־塣ˣҲʵ̫˰ɣһײơ
ȫ˵ԶԶģҿط
ŷԻʼսһѳֱӺɨ
ԻǿƣȭͷӲŷĳУĽĹâըԵ÷ǳ¡
ǿ棬о֮ˣǵʵýڻʵǿߣЩľ
ʵ̫ǿˣһǿߣȻҲû
ãʡͷӳẓ́һȤӣǸûע⵽ɱ
ͷһۣ˶оۣϻ֪ǰʲôô飬ϼһǰһϷһͬԼ˵һڿϷ
ֻǣ콾ĴϷмܹá
ܶ˾ãǹŷʤǰԻʤͷӶҪùˣҪǸɵΪʵ̫ˡ
ͷӣϽ߰ɣһҪֳһʤˡ˴ԡ
СĺܺãİɣͷҲµģͷһұ֤ĻԵͷӿǸԼʿһۣЦе˵
Ǹʿɫ԰ףԥתӡ
аͷӲģԼѣȻҪԼ
һɣҿСĳһӰɡͷЦе˵һץǸʿץ˻
ſʿȻֻ񾳽Ϊ
ܶȻϹŴ񣬶ģһܹҲǲˡ
ܶɨȥǸʿɫϱһǿϢȻסЩ˵Ŀ̽
еŵһڻʵǿ߿ڣдһĨȡ
ûðȻ֣ΪĸоУһֿ͸ͷӵĸоȻҿ϶ǸͷӵΪߣǶԷʵ϶Ͳ˱ˡ
˭ҲһصǿߣǸڻʵĸ֣۹˸£û˵
ŷ磬Իʼսͷһ㣬ɨ񷡣
޾Ĺâը˶ʹ˼µҪѹƶ֡
ƾУʹսôʱ䣬ƽɫƣһЩڻʵǿ߶ЩľΪǷ֣ŷ˵սȻ
̫ˡ
ܶʿ뵽ǲʶʲôʲô¡͹ŷȣȻڻʵǿߣЩա
䡣
ڴʱԿ֣ŷ繥
ˣֱӳ˳ȥȻĳһƣס˰Կᡣ
Ķҡ۸ֶɫ
ϡ
Կߵۣ۷С
㻹ؿʸҵϡ۵˵ǰֵ̤գµϢѹһС
ǵ۵ߵĿ£ָԵȻ԰壬ҲҪѹǶԷ
ԯݺῴһǿߣһսֻ࣬ĸ֣ȴһֿµս⣬л˹ͬһϹս


1490 ţ
ͬܳͬµһ˽ܡԯݺɫƽȴսս졣
ǸǿЦֱ˹
˶ӣ졣
֣ҪչսγһƬҪ
ۡ
ڴʱŷԻ໥һͬʱѪɫѪͻƽѪȫһƬŽĵ档
ڴʱµ鷢ˡϵЩʬǣȻʼѪ⣬һ˲䣬ȫָǰ״̬
һɹɿµϢؼ䡣
һʣ˶ˣ˭֪ʲô飬ȴףҲЩˡ
컯磬ûȫŽ磬ȴµı仯
ŷԻʣҲֹͣ˼սǶһۣԷеľɲ˱ΪǶԷʹͨһĻǴʱǲŷ֣ȫǻ¡
ЩʬǣѪЩ̫ǿˣֿµϢԲããѹһУ㸲Žδ
ȻʧȥǰĴ󲿷ƣȻܿ£ýڻʵǿߣ̲סľ
ãѪŽ磬Ӣ鸴գߡͷ˵ԼߵǸСʿһۣ˵뿪
׷ʲô飿һЩûзӦ
ŷ翴ͷ뿪ˣ˵ۺԯݺܡŷ֪ͷӵݣϼһﶼˣҪֱġ
Ӣ飬ãߡԻʷӦҲ죬һʱӴܡ
ǿߣҲתܡ崫еʱ̫ˣ֪ЩطӢ飬ǣΪǿ߱ɱǵӢ飬һȻǻ߶ӣĻԴġ
Ӧʿ˺ѴϾ뿪ֻһЩʿûиףһ̣Ӱֱӽǻɱ
һѪ䣬ǿߵѪգŽ磬Եøаˡ
ܶʿȻһ磬ǵоʱ򣬶ʱ̲סһ
̫ˣղڻʵǿ߱ɱѪȾŽ硣ֿûУͱЩӢˡ
񲻺Ȼǿ󣬵ҲܳԽڻʵǿߣһ
ڹŷǣͷӣŷϴһĨЦݣ˹ȥ
ţϣþòˡŷЦŴк
СӻʶңЩչǣҺܸˡţϿ˹ŷһۣરળһں̣ſ˵
ţϣǣۺԯݺ˵ݡţǵүү˵еǳпѾ߾ĸǿߡ
ֻǸʿһãȻȻ֪ţϴĺ塣
ǰۺԯݺ
ţǵĳţǣֵƣţϣȻʧ񡣶Һпܣţϻһ߾ǿߡ
ôҶһˣСһҪôңӣĸţϵǸʿһۣһˬӡ
ʦ㵱ҵʦʿڣĲ
УȻţϱȴδطţϣһϹŴ񾳽ļһǵʦǾԲܵġ
СһƢǲΪ뵱ʦʦǼһûгϢһͽ̲ܶãҪ㣿ţŭߺߵ˵ᵽʿʦʱ򣬾Ȼһֺɸֵĸо
ŷһ㶣ףţϺСʿ֮䣬ʲôϵ
ǸСʿҲһҲţϻеĺ壬΢΢һ£̲סʵʶʦ
Ǹļһôܲʶҵ׵ܵܡţŭ
ţϵĻǸСʿʱɵۣԼʦ׵ܵܣôܡͻȻ뵽һ飬Ȼɴ۾˵ʦеǸ쵰磿
ˡ
һԴϣţϵɫЩڣŭǸ쵰ô򣬾Ȼ˵ǻ쵰Ĳ
ʦ˵ģʲôСʿίޱȡ
𣿡ţһۡ
Сʿʱˣ֪ţϵ֮ǻǲأҪ֪ǸųǿʦǰҲΣֻб۸ķݡ
ߣǸ쵰úõļӣ̳ʲôӣҼҪúõĽѵ̵ѧͲҪӵܡţߺߵ˵
ţϣĵܵǣŷЩʵ
˹ŷһۣţû˵ûио
ŷһ¶ȵɫȻоˣʵСʿķŷǳϤû뵽СʿȻǸ˵ĵӡ


1491 ͷʦ
һֵܣ
νĴľģڻ߲ɨ磬޵СǳִҲִԪӨŮ񣬶ּĴڡ
֮еܹܶ࣬ģȴûм
ֻǹŷ벻ͨǣǳ֮ʱ䣬ʵ̫ԶˣֵܣӦôԶʱ䣬̳Ϊġ
˸Ĵ˽ܣǱ£̵ܹʱڣĸ߷塣
ŷʳ⣬ҲЩ档
ǳǴ˵еȻǻߣ㣬Խߡ
Ǽһֹһ⣬һʩչһЩֶΣų޸ǸʱѾˡţϽ͵
ԭԭ򣬲һҪôԶʱ䣬ܹ޸ɴ˿ɼǸ⣬ʵ̫ˣһľ
ǵʱйżҴˣǲõˣǵҽˣȻ֣Ƕ˵һ¡ţЦ˵
żҵҽʹ磬д
Ҳ˵УûҽɵҽԽżңֻΪǿһЩǿߣ˵ҽˡ
˵ҽ˺棬ȫǺʵȵģʵԽߣҽԽǿ
ǹŷ磬ֻҪǻ߳⣬ŷ綼ҽΡڻǳ⣬ŷҲûĽԼҽǻ߽ܣԼܽ飬ŷҲδؾʲô취
ҽɺųҽҲδؾܹҽһУжǵΧڣֶֻ̫ˣԺ
ʵϾǻ߳⣬ҲָһЩΪ񾳽ҽɣԼơ
ǹŷΪҽɣǺٵġ
ʱǸСʿҲţϵĻܹ˵ԼʦģԼʦĴ硣
ʦ
ûгƺʦΪԷҪӡһΪӣٹ⡣
ɣСȻΪߣվûбû̫ݣҵһʱ䣬ܹġţЦе˵
лʦСʿ˵
˵ԼֳΪ˵ģţǺֳɾͣţѲ˹ϵ
ԣԼǳΪţϵĵӣײ˴ˡ
ҽƣλţʦֵֶܣǺãԺʦһǵġƿ˹ŷһۣЦе˵
ţһ£ȻЦˣ˽һۣСһҪռŷǵıˣˡ
ʦ壿ŷϳһĨЦݡ
ԡɫ⣬Ե÷ǳá
Ǻǣʦдһ£ָһµӵΪŷڣֻĻһ˵Ƶɫʱһ
ŷеΣչâεĿһǸʱˣʦΪ³ûһأ˾Ͳˡ
ԯݺһ飬ŷˣһﻹ˵ǹŷվ˿һҪ˵ŷ磬ǳѡ
ţ϶ЩȥˣԼյĵӣҲʵ̫˰ɣ֪Լ˵ʲô
£ָܵģҲġŷЦе˵һסƵ֣קҪ뿪
ƵɫױˣʲôЦװ±ƻУҪĸҺ͹ŷ綯֣ԻᱻŰʣ¡
뵽ƸϽ˵䣬ҲĶ֡
ʦǫ飬ǵʦ壬ܲǵĶ֣ˣۻԯҲһ˿֣δʦĶ֡ŷ翴ۺԯݺһۡ
ҲһЩϵ⣬Ҫָһ¡ԯݺᵭ˵
ҲɫףҪˣһһָͷܹʣ¡
ҴˣҲװˣλϴҰɡƴ󺰵
ֻʱѾˣŷǾһһѵܶܲ
ʦ⻰ͺˣʦ壬ôܺϴأʦ岻ҪҺˡЦе˵
˽һΧȻ
ţϰરવĳẓֻ́ȴһĨЦݣֽ֪Ҳ⿴յĵӵЦ
ţϸұ֤һ󣬽ƾԲװˡ
֮ǲŻѾˣ϶һͷôתʱȥ
ͽأţϲʵ
ءŷָŽ˵
ţĴһۣȻЩõ˵СӣΪۻ軨һˣôҵĵӣҪ˵˵
أʦϵҡƱߵغ

ŷ̲סЦ˳ţҲ¶һĨЦôϲƣղŸǹġ


1492 
еˣΪҵϷŷǣ˵Ľ̬̳ȥȻҪ⡣ڱŷôһƿҲʶԼ⣬˵һ¡
Ժ׼ûûСŷƽ۽ţ˵
ţϵĻеƣǵͷҲף˭ܹŷǵʦģһαôҲù
ţϣղô֣ǸɵԻЩ쵰Ҳһ֡ŷЦ˵
ɱûʲô֮ͣɱ֮󣬰ԽĻߣȫ׷ɱңϸ첲ȿܲˣ˵飬ԼɡţҡͷֱӾܾ˹ŷ顣
ŷ΢΢һ£Ҳ뵽һ㡣
ڻ߲߲һʿ֣ǻɱҪˣ뻹ǻ鷳ġ
ͬţ˵ģǳɱ˰ԻʣԻ˵ġ
ʦһ߰ɱһˣĻҲ첻ɡ˵
˽һۣţЦΪЩǳصģһߣҪһ飬ͨ׼ֻ޾ϴӣȻĻһߡ
ԭŷˡ
ǷģǼϼһȻȥɱˣȴܹסԷְ߳ɱǡţЦ˵
Ǽϼһŷһ˼
ţζĿ˹ŷһۣ֪ŷԼ˼
лţϡŷ繰֡
ţϰ֣ʾŷ粻Ҫ̫
ŷ磬ڱҵˡһԻʳ֣Լ£ŹŷǣϴһĨɭȻЦݡ
ĿⶢţϣЦ˵Ҿ֪һģҲˡ
䣬ȻҪɱţϡ
ʱŷǶסˣԻʵĻˡɱһߣ˵
һ£ŷֱվţϵ󡣿ŷľٶԯݺỹǣǶ˵վţϵ
ǵĶŪЩ㶣ԻĿɭȻɨǣЦǲҳҪϼһֻҲᷭǵġ
Ҫɱɱôϻŷ˰Իһۣû˵
ҲЦ˵ǰǵϴҪܹɱ㴦á
Ҳͬ취ԯݺᵭ˵
Ҳ׹ŷ˼Це˵ǸëϿ춯ְɣ㲻һϹŴ񶼺°ɣҿǱʲôˣһˣǵĵӻء

ԻʴŭĿ磬ڽƵϣʱýһʶĺ˺ü
ССһˣȻҲҰ壬Ųһ塣Ի˵
ŷȫͣȻŶӴЦ
ɫѿʵҲʲô飬ֻеŭ𣬼ܹ
ҺƴˣȫҶˡƴŴҪȥ
ţһƽû˵ʵһ㣬һָͷ򲻹
ԡԻЦһ
ŷЦĸˣƵɫѿˡˣˡ
ҿҲûжӣҪ㣬жԶԶţ˵һζԼͽܳĸо
ȻҲΪԼһ˵ͽܣϾȥҲʵ̫ˡ
Һ˵Իɫһ䡣
ϡţϿ˰ԻһۣͻȻ˵һ䡣
ӰԻΪϣǣҲֻĻ߲УκһˣӵС

Իʺǳ⣬ͻȻ֣ȭϹŷµһСر飬ţĿռ䣬ȴ˿δ
һ䣬޾ǳ֣ѹ
һſŴǺڰԻʵϣѪ˲һը
ƣֶΣðԻߣȻɫҪڰԻʵǰ棬Իʳơ
һȴ֣ԼͶˣϢ֮䣬Ǳ㱻ˡֶΣš
Ҫ֪ǿǽڻʵǿߣԻʼʹûдﵽǸ磬ʵȴǸĴڣӿ¡
ʱδȴѹţϵݡߣֻǿߣֿµֶΡ
ǻߣΪιС֮ԻʴڿѪվûըţϣʡ
ȻһʣԻʲ̫η壬㹻ĵ֪ţϲɱԼ
ҺǶֺ֣ܹ֮飿ţϷʡ
ԻȻͷβ˼ţϣһϷĽɫûвκϽ˵£ֻԼһζ£˼ţһ߱ƣѵܷˡ
ȻǰԽĻߣ˵ʲô


1493 Ŀ챦
˵ԹֻԹԻԼ̫裬ȻȥһߣʹɱҲ·뵽Իʵɫһϣһס
ţһۣȻȭԲˡ
ԻʲҲϴϾԵһߣһԷͷԼɵˣȻǰĻߣ𣬵Լȴվǲˡ
ɡţϰ˰֣Ĳͷ
Իȴһ˵ԷûΪԼ˼˵ͷȻԼ£뿪
뿪ŷЩϧõĻᣬˡ
ӻ´ң׼һ£Ҫ컯ˡţϵ˹ŷһۣȴһ⡣
ڳļˣȫһ컯ҪȻ֪ţϵʵ˵ĻȻġ
м˶ף컯ԵĲܱеĻҪأ߶۰Ͱ͵ĸǿɲãĻߣֻţһţϿĻҲ
ЩӢ飿ŷЩԥǵʵҪһȺӢ̾ĹŽ磬ʵ̫ˡ
һʱħǿߣȻ߽УҲоµѹ
û£һסǣһλᣬҲܹҵԼĻԵݴţо˸
컯絽һʲôӵĵطŷ̲סʵ
Ŀ˼һۣţ˵һû߶ͷĵطÿһοлߴս
ʲô˳Ծ
ߴսҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻΪΪʲôʵϣĻԵÿһεʽ룬ѰЩԵһֺô˿ײսôĵСţ˽͡
Ȼԭ򣬹ŷǾ̾ҲЩȣõʶĻԵʲôӵĶ
ŷǵɫţҡͷЩֻҪѰһЩĻԵˡ
ĻԵŷһ
챦ţ˵
˹ŷ磬˻ǵһ챦ʣ¶ɻɫ
һֳԽĴڣȻ챦˵Ϊ˿ֵġŷ紫Ϊǽ͡
ȻֶýͣǱף챦Կ£»߶Ҫ졣
Ǳ뵽ţҵĲ챦ĶкȻʲôȻԽ챦
뵽ղţ˵ԼҲ֪Ǿûʡ
ǵʵƿһ챦Ҳܹߡţ˵
ŷлȣߣһɻ
һҪõһ챦ԯݺо˸֪һ챦˵ζʲô챦͸һĻߣᱬµܣȻ𣬿¶Ҫɵ֡
Ҫǿ챦ӹŵֵģҲֻʮǿġţЦ˵
ֵĲʮ˵һ
ֻǲ֪ţӹŵ񣬵ʲô˼ѵָʱ˵ĻȻˣҲǲģָǴӳ浽ڣʱǾˡ
˵ĴӹŵҲһʱһʱʱ
һʱųʮǷǳˡϾŷ֪һʱʵʱڵʱ䳤̫ˡ
Щ챦ھսбˣҲһЩʧ֪٣֮Уӵ챦ˣ֪ģţϵ˵УһĨȣԵ÷ǳȡ
챦û߶ҪлȵĶ
ŷȴţϵĻˣ챦Ȼսб飬˭ѵ͵
ˣȲ˵Щˣ֮һжǵĻԵţϿһۣ˵
һõһ챦ġսȭͷ˵
˽һۣţͻȻ˵ʵһ㣬Ҫ컯磬ҵĵǱȥɡ
һӣڽƷŭУߡ
ŷЩͬŽ뿪ķһڿ϶ջ𡣲ţʦҲùˣţϸЩֱӽߣһԥûС
쵰ʦԼ֮䣬ŷǻܹĴ
ţǳ鴤һ£ȻһûСѾĳһĽƣŭһ׹˸ֱӻڣһֱֱۣĵ˵ϡ
ţ£˺ϣ˵ǽȥɡ
ŷȻЩģԼһߣǸţϵ󣬽ǸƵĹŽ硣


1494 ݵĻ
Ž֮УǿƣսǺħӢ鼤սʱиħӢ鱻ɱ׻촷ۡ
һֿµľ棬ͨпµǿڳ
Զʣһڶͨ򿪣ûκβͬǴУȴ쳣Ϣ
컯磬ֹӲãĸоȻһЩŽ磬Ҳ޷ӵУֻ컯磬ܹӵϢ
ǴʱȴûܹмµӰľȻվ컯ڣκ˽ӽ
ǼӰϳ˿µѹһϢ񷣬ѹ硣
ʣŷ𾪡
һߵӰǰǵʾǿߣʱȻûǰֲֿѪȻܿ£ʵס
٣һĽڻʵǿߣԲܺȡЩȻˣȻһ޵еţǰǺɨ޵ֵĿ»ߡ
ŷǸսħӢ鹥ţһʧùŷЩƣֻܳ˹ȥЩӢ鼤ս
ǳ֣ޱȣŷһ˫ȭͷѹһУԷĺɳȥ
һ̣ħӢɱùŷ綼ܵ޴ѹɫأǳȴ˿һһߵʬ壬ǿϢ֮䡣
ԯݺҲһʵƳסԼħӢ飬ʱĳ֣ǳ
һʱսǿߣȻǰǿ󣬵վȥ޾£֮ʵǰ
Ȼ̫ˣԽʱǿߡ
ɴ˿ɼһʱǶôĿ£ǿƣһŽ磬Ϳƿֲˣرĵʣ죬ȻȥʱǿֲϣȻ졣
ⶼǰ޵еȻڵĻˣҲҪüͷʵϣϵһЩǿߣעЩڣͻȻ֣Ļʿ˵ֱ˵ǻԵĴ
ǿߵļ룬ŽħӢ飬ĲˡŷǶ̵ܶʱ䣬ħӢ飬ȫɱ
ܶ˶ȴǰˣߵӰߵԽħɽһǵȥ·ϡ
ô죿û֪Ҫ֪߸ʣȻǰƣҲ൱£ҪսĻױܹǡ
ȻȥˣҲ޵еĴڡ
߳֡һǿ߿ڡ
ŷһۿȥоѪˣҲ˵Ǿ˵ǿߡ
ǸȻҲܵŷĿ⣬תһŷʱ¶һĨ⡣
ǾУ绳еһȺˡȻʶŷ磬ԶԹŷĵ⣬һ㶼ء
ŷЦһûԷϾ컯磬ֻ֦ҪԷȶ֣ŷǲֵġ
ŷ粢ûлӦǸ˵ǿ¶һĨмɫһϹŷӡ
֮Увǿ߶һĻɫζڹŷǸ֮ɨһۣԵЩζ
;ˣͬԴȴͷһҶ֪ڿ˫ı֣Ȼȴ˵еĶҪӣܶ˵ſЦ
Ի֣ϴһĨЦɨ˺͹ŷǣһĨĺᡣ
ʱİԻʣѾȫָûڹŷ߿ţϵʱвһ
һʣȻǸ߰İԻĴڣҲֻܵͷ
ž˵Ǹǿ߿ڣһµӰ֣ɣϢ䣬ѹ񷡣
ĹŽ綼ڲܵϵĻϣֲܳܵĸо
ʳ֣òɨһ۰Իʺ͹ŷ磬һɺⱬȻ
Ի˿壬ԾݵĻʣɫдһĨ
ϣңʿڣĿⶢڰԻʵϣһɱͬһ㣬ա
Χǿߣȫ˿ԻҲǱɫʵɱʵ̫ǿˣֱָԳܡ
ʼ֣Ҫҳ𣿲Ҫ˻֮ЭԻʿڣɫĮ
ҵģӻϣȻɱ㣬ǰĻʣ˵κλǸݻʵĿڣðԻʺһ͡
ɫÿŷȴ̲סЦ˳Իһ̫ˣһ棬οĿԼ˺ܴΣա
ϣЦʲô˵Ļʣתŷ磬ɱȻ
ŷû˵ֻԷһָ˳Ĭ˵ղŰԻֻ̬⣬ŷˣһʱָδɻʵˣǶһݡ
ȻǾùŷˣȻδɻ֮ǰҲǻߵĶ֣ŷһʣȫȫΪ


1495 ׻
ƻϣϸǸݵĻʴŭϵɱ⣬ӿˣһ˫ӣڹŷϣſµѹ
ǻߵϣѹһвǸ顣
ǺǣһȺų򣬻˵ԼϣЦŷҡͷɫдһĨмĿĮھݻߵϣЦ˵ҵǰûʸ֡
ųǸֱӳˡ
ŷ粻Զˣȫ˳ȥȴԯݺᣬֱվ˹ŷߣǷɾڷ⣬Ҫŷ磬סߵһ

ڴʱһȴţϳ֣ϴһĨŭɫһĳȥ
ײһ໥
ǸݵĻߣЩ˵ǳ
ţϳ֣ƤӶ̫ળһں̣Ȼ󵭵˵ڱǰҪ˺̫˰ɡ
󣬵ȴ̺һִϣֱָǸݵĻߡ
ǳҪΪ֪͹ŷ֮䣬ûʲôϵݻ߿ڣ䡣
ţǣΪŷĽֵܣ˵ŷҵ𣿡ţ϶žݻߣЦ
ݻҪ˵ţȴĻ˵ղźˣΪǳʣΪߣҪֿʡñЦЩߣһˡ
˵ʲôݻŭ
𣿱û˵ڶ飬ˡţϰһں̣Ȼ˵
ݻ⣬ǰһһ̲סˡ
ڴʱ컯֮ǰһ۶ˣͻȻ֣ɱһ
о˵ٶݻһֱתǸ۳˹ȥ

һ죬۵ɳȥȻǰҲ޵еܳԽǰľݻߣվȥˣʵʣµĲֻ࣬һ·硣
ǸݵĻĿɭȻۣĮ˵ȻѾˣͲҪˣ׵ĳ鳾ɡ
ǿޱȣ
ǿĻʵϢ磬һֿµƣ˾̾
۳֣ɱȻǰܣҲͬ£ȻͣĻɣȴҲûܵ˺
ɴ˿ɼһۣǶôǿƣǰʱһһԺĿµߡ
ˡݻߴǿѹԷҪɱ
ۿ񱩣ȻûǣǱܵĲԸⱻѹƣݺޱȣݻ߾޴ѹ
ݻߴŭȻѹƲһѾʧȥǵĵۣһЩʿǰŭ˶ˡ
µĻѪڣչ˿ֲĹ
ͨ˺أܲסֿµѹҪ
޵Уײã档ݻߴӵͨۼҪ˺ѡ
ڴʱߵӰеһʶˣͬһ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬˾ݻߵǰ棬һֻ£˸
ǿµһһƣնɱһ
ݻ߱ɫִ̧һԷײ
䡣
һ죬ݻߵˣѪڣһ㱻ˡ
һʱһߣƿףѵ㡣ݻʵĿ棬ڶԷϡ
Ļһֲִ
Ϲ׻ʣֲ죬һֱ׷ǿߣսʾ𣬽ܣδʶ
ⲢʾϹ׻ʲֲʵϷκһʱ׻ʶǾԾ޵ģ޵Сֻս̫ǿˣܣԲԵ𾳽硣
һˣȻˣҲ쳣£һĻ߲衣
䡣
ױ٣·ݻС
ơ
ݻߴױɱ
׻ʵǿߣֱӳ˹ͬʱһۣҲɱ˹Ǻϻݻʣŭ
ȻΪߣֻвܵĵʣҲɡ
ݻ߿ߣսѪ˶һУ·Хһ𶯣·Ҫ㸲ء
ȻˣҲֻάһƽ֡׻ʵǿߣʵ̫ˣ׷ѹƣЩǱ
ǳ㻹֣ݻߴ
ƲƲ죬ţû˵ûݻߵĻһ
ҵĻûУݻٴδ󺰡
̧ͷţãȻͷʵں𣿡
ݻ߲һ㱻ݺݵĶţϣŭ㲻ҪװͿǲ֣Ƕ컯硣
ţϺȻƿڴ㻹һߣҶ˵˶ٱˣǳʣǳմôͲԡ


1496 ͻߵ
ݵĻߣһˣû뵽ԷæȻôԼ
дŭͻȻţ˹
ɵơ
ţתߣһԥûС
˵ȥͲȥڲκϽһߣȻǻҪ׷϶һЩѣοݵĻߣʵţȣռơ
ţ뿪ݻЩɵۣղźôܹһƽ֣ȴȫ·硣
һĵߣһĻߣʱȴѹߣþݻ߱һץ
ʵ̫ˣдŭȴûа취ֻܿȥ
ʿһĻһȻ޵еĻʶоҪѰ֣ǸͲҳȥæ
һʣǼµĵʶˣ˭Ҳס
ô죿ݵʿżԻȴ̲סЦ˳ݻߵ񣬳˳
ţϣŹŷǣڲԶԻֻˣݻڵûнţϾĴˣǲ룬ţϸͲ
ап࣬Ϊ֣⼸ʣһִĸоȻЩٳ֣ʹǻߣҲҪԴҲ䣬ȴҪش
ʶһ㣬ݻڲܵˡ
ǻ֣컯رգҿǻôõеĻԵݻߴ
Ļȥܶ˷㶣ѵбĻߡ
ݻߵӣˡ
һӰ֣ǰ˱ʣһ֣ɭȻĿ˹ŷһۣɱȻ
ҿһˣҲܹЩˣòǡһϷʵ𣬻ƽ𻢻ʳ֣ͬɫĮ˹ŷһۡ
ߵı֣ȻġֻҪ֮еʿ֪ŷ֮䲻
ţƲƲ죬վڹŷǵǰ棬˼ԣҪסǡ
Ȼܶ˲ţϣϾֻһˣܵסߡ
ְ
һŮһ˿һĨƤ˻ɫ£绪úܶ˶ˡ
һЩŮʿ¶Բλɫڻ˻ʵǰǾԼֱһСѼһ
˻Ҳˡ˱ʿ˻˻һۣɫЩȡ
ƽ𻢻ҲһȵĶŻ˻ʡ
׷˻ʣֻǺΪ󣬻˻ȳΪ˻ߣǲŷֻҲǻˣжԻ˻ʵĸ飬Ҹȼ
λѵӭŲ𣿡˻ЦʵȻЦúܶ˵©ģȴû˻ʲôµ뷨
һŮʣұĲκʣ˲κ׵ͷ
ҡ˱ʸϽ˵
˭Ҳӭ˻ʣҾƽ𻢻ʿڣԵ쳣
ţƲ죬мֹһ䣺ƨ
СڳĶʲôˣ͵Ҳ˶ţϵĻ
ৡ
Ŀⶢţϵϣƽ𻢻˵ǳʲô˼
ţһ죬ɻĶŻƽ𻢻ʣȻãȻʵ˵ʲô𣿡һ㯵ӣƽ𻢻̲סЦ˳м˵û뵽õǳʣȻһˣ˵Ļҳϡ
û˵ҳʲôţƲ졣
ղ˶˵ƨƽ𻢻ɫڡ
ţ¶ȻɫȻͻȻɫһ䣬ЦԼȷʵƨָԼǻԺԼƨǿЦ
˵ʲôƽ𻢻ʴŭû뵽ţϾȻƤһ١
ǻƽ𻢻ȴûа취ͬţԼ˵һûָգǻƽ𻢻ʶԺˡ
ΧҲĿɿڴǺܶˣǵһμߣȴû뵽˵еĻߣʵСȻʵǿ󣬵ˣʵһʿҲûʲô
жڻߵľη˲٣һЩڻʵǿߣ˼Լǲǽ̫ڸߴˣԲŵԼһֱûͻơ
ʶʲôӵģǷһ¡ľ΢Щͻơһʿ˵ͻƣʲôǶڽڻʵʿ˵ȫһˣһССͻƻɶҲΪ߾Ĺؼ
ڣЩڻʵǿߣоԼߵľ磬ָӽһ㡣
ҲûбҪֲͣûǸ񡣡ţƲ죬Ǻˡ
ٶڻߵʶٴα͡
վ۷ĻߣֱСһ
ţһˣڽеӡ͵һĵز


1497 
㹻ˡƽ𻢻̲סˣţϵĻʵ̫һ㶼ûиӣ赽һ澡ʧĵز
ߣһҵȣƣֽնɱˡ˱ʿڣ쳣ǿƣҪնɱţϡ
ǳ㷸ŭƽ𻢻Ŀ
ţϿһۣЩȻЩҡҡͷмЦˣܴ𣿡
ôʣ͹ˣնɱ㻹⡣ƽ𻢻Į˵Ͱ˱һǰһ󣬵סţϵȥ·
ţ쳣վƲƲ죬ΪҾһˣ
ʱһ߱ɫţϻа֣Ļһսǲɫ裬ɨһܣҪҵţϿеİ֡
ɨ˺ܶ飬Ҳûз˭ţϵİ֣ллߣǶǺţվһġ
ǳŻ𣿡ƽ𻢻м
̾һţ˵ŻɵģҵİѾˣֻ׳գûпˡ
˱ʺͻƽ𻢻üǻûҵ˭ţϵİ֡
ʱһĻ߶ˣĿǾݻߡݻ߱ɫսˣѾļˣһ˲˾Ե·硣
ҪӣҪ޴Ĵ۲ܹ쵽
Ⱥ쵰æݻߴŭˣԼһƴɱĻߣȴﶷ죬ûһ˰æǶʲô쵰⡣
ȻԻߵĶҲ̲סƿڴˡ
ƽ𻢻ɫڣҲٵȥݵĻߣҲĶסˡ
ʱ䣬Ƕ̬ȣԽԽӣǺ;֮䣬ȴǽͬˣҪһԸ硣
ڼݻȻҪæȻĻӰ˫֮Ĺϵ
Щˡƽ𻢻˵ʱ˺ţ֮ĳͻ
˱ʵͷͬʱ˳ȥ
ţһ˲Դϵ亹˵ģһʹˣˡ
ϲа𣿻ϲĻߣŷǲʵ
ָƨİ֣ţϷһۡ
˻һѾսеĻƽ𻢻ʺͰ˱ıӶһˣû뵽ԼȻˡ
ֻʱǾҪţ˶ѾˣǱΧסʣȫ˹սˡ
ߣսȫĵʣޱȣŽ綼ڹѡ

һȴǿ֣߳סһŽ硣
ŷǺȻһµĸ֣ʵǿڰ˱֮ϡ
ǺüֲӰ֣Щѹ磬ǺӶڲҪһ
вǻʼ飬ȫԶҽӽǸܵ޴ѹڵתĲˡڻߵѹֻҪǸĴڣܳܡ
ŷڻѪڣʹǷ⣬ͷųһɻʵϢסѹ
Щžȣ˹ŷһۣùŷһ
ѹԼϢ뱻Щע⵽ʵϹŷѾͷˣЩǰ棬ֳԼĲĻܿҪ⡣
ľ֣ش֮ŷ绹ģڵȻҲǿ󣬵ǺЩȣԽĲ࣬뱻Щ߶ϡ
ȻпܣЩѾˡ
۵ߣеˣȻһ۵ߵĴڣѵͲպ򣬵۵𣿡һ߿ڣɣʥһĤݵĳ嶯һڣɱȻùŷһ
ˣԯݺɱ⡣
۵ߣǱͬԴΪβܴڣţϷʡ
仰Щϼһǵ꽫۵߷ǸʱôͬԴķϣҲ֪ǵ۵߻ع飬һ϶ߵ鷳ǸЦ
ҲܣҲܲϾûйϵ۵ߣһκ֡ţϵ˵ܼ򵥣ԶԷһⶼûС
ǸЦǳ㲻ҪΪԼеʵҪΥʵ˼
Ǹɱ𣿡ţЦ֪Էǹƣû£ͬԣһ㶼
ֻţһΪһߣǿƣĻ߷ͻȻ㹻ĵġ
ҳɵۣһ㡣ۿ˶Էһۣ˵
졣Ǹ߿ڡ
ţʣɱһԣһ


1498 һͬ
˭ţת˵ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ㲻һСҲֿ˵
˾Ȼһ֣һҲˣӱ䡣
ڲʣվͬľ磬ΪβҺ˵Ȼܳȴ˹ȥˣһսδܹʤҡʿڣɫ䡣
ʣɱãһʿڣ䡣
ĩħĻߣȺҶֵģֻǱѣҪΪǸʲô𱨳Ļʱ̣ҪɱңҪ飬ħ˱ɱˡʵ˵ֻȴǳǿƣһ㽫ĩ
ΪħĻߣĩʵǿᣬ񣬵Ǿ֮µһ壬ֻаܹԽǡ
޾£ǸǿȻвԼ
ĩɱȻɷ죬һаʣʣҪ֡
䡣
һ޴Ĳ˱ʱɣŭɫ죬Ǳġ
ͬʱƽ𻢻ҲһסЩĵʵĹɨ˳ȥߴߣȫлǸݻߣһһתӡ
ʲô⣬Ժۣڳ֣ȽЩˡ˻ʿڣܹϣһ֣ɱĵʡ
˻ʵʵףһ֣ѹĵʣһǸ׻ʡ
˻ʳˣ˱ǣٴγȥ쳣ȸղűֵĸ͡
˸̣ϻҲʵ̫ˣϲ˻ʣԲô
һְɣ⼸ĩҲ˵һۣЦֵˣһûʸ컯硣
Ҳְɡһۣţϰһں̣Ȼ󽫺
һ·һ𣬽ս
Ҳ˸ҶԹŷǳ֡
ʵϣڳĻߣѾսǵʵǿѹʣҪǳ顣
ԡ
˻ͻȻһȵķ֣ԼҪɱǸۣȻһӰʧˡ
Ҳһ״ߴӰ컯ŻУʧ
ѵ˵ĵʣŽеʬ컯еͶӰ
е㷸ֹ컯ĵʵ̫ˣǽ룬ЩȥĵʵĹȻǵʵҲҪ鷳
ŷҲʱ̲סľֱܶ⣬Цδɻ˸ղŵֵʣһײǱɡ
ԣܶжԥЩڻʵǿߣתˡ
󲿷˻ˣĿȣʱʶ컯ĲˣͶӰĴڣǿز˵컯У컯ܹõһĿԡ
ǲԸȥţȥˡţӣ컯硣
ֱӽضȥ·
ţϵۣŭʲô˼
ûʲô˼Щˣ˭ҲȽĩţһۣɫĮȻ
ǳǸһжǲҲʵǼ˳֣ԿԾɱ㡣ţЦ
ΪһˣţϴЦĲм
վħˣ߾֮󣬲һʱ䣬ħ֮ǰȫһ
ѳԪָ˸
ҲΪʲôỤס۵ԭһˣǾԲῴԼӳµġ
ҲУڳʮλ֣Ҫɨ𣿡ţм
Ҫ֣ԣҲֻĳЩ쵰Ļ֣֮ûʲôͻûбҪʲôìܡţҲɵƲƲ죬ţʣʵҲڽ͡
ˣҲҪ˵ˣ컯ǿ϶Ҫģһˡ˻ʿڣһˣΪ˵ĻҲܶԸûӡ
˵ġţһЦ
ţһۣ˻ûзֻǰ˱ʺͻƽ𻢻ˣɫǿţһۣɱ˸
ţϸǣ㹻ĵͲ˦Է
˾Ǳ׼ʮߣУȫȥ
ŷǣ񣬶ЩߵıӰȻЩȥλΣȴ߽߶µĴŷġ
ǺֱٺãʼûҪ


1499 ͵ϮԻ
ʮλߣʧǸŻԱߡŷǶŻҪܵеĶһжƽ־ԶϢʲôϢûС
ʱŷȴһľĸоԥ˺һߣȻǸ硣
һ̣һϹ˸Ӱ֣ȻǰĻߣҪضϹŷǵȥ·
ǹŷǵٶ̫ˣʹҲûüֻĿŹŷǽǸ硣
һĿɨЩڻʵǿߣ֣ЩĨɱͻȻһǳ⣬ʱɱ⡣
ЩڻʵǿľǸϽԶһ˫Ӷ˰ߵϣ˾ŭ
ղȻ߲ܵһ֣ҪĨɱǣɱʵ̫ʵˣǲ
ֻǲ֪Ϊʲôڼֵʱ߾Ȼˣûгȥɱǡ
ʼ档
Իʿڣޱȡ
컯лԵǲǿ󣬱סҪġǸ˵
ǡ
ԻʹĻش
Ȼ߰ȴףȻԼһʵ컯УҲȫûΣյġǹŷˣܹɺܴв
ȽȥˡǸ߿ڣȻͶ컯С
úܶĶҪȥǱ㷢֣ڻûֵǣǼݵӰ˽ȥȻǻߡ
ֱȷлʽ֮󣬰ԻǲŴͷ˽ȥ
һȺȺǿ˽ȥȽȥģ־ڻʵǿߣʵǿѰͲҺᡣ
ŷǸճȥʱ򣬱㷢ѾЩߵӰˡǰһƬںɫǸɺԵѪȾɵɫ
ŵζȫѪζл̺һ㣬Ϣ
ŷǲ⣬ʵܹģǿߣεҲӦϹŴЩ˵У̺޾ľǾҩ
κλߵӰǱλ߹ȥǵߵĲԶȻֱͣǱеϢ
ŷսսڸǣȻǻߣѰܲǵĴڡ
֮󣬰߳˽ɨһķȻЦһӵĿ졣
ȻΪŷˡ
ʱȻǹŷ綼Լ˵ĻǶܿͻᱻ߲ȻĨɱǡ
˵ʵȻϾ컯磬˭֪ﵽжĹ졣
˵֮һ˹ȥ
ǳȥɣʵ
ŷҡͷʾٵһ¡Ȼ֮һ߳ݣֻǿֲĻϢľ
ŷĴָղǳȥᱻ߷֣߿ǲˬһǾͳԲ˶ߡ
ЩߣǵɽǸߣĶ˷ָǵʵǿᣬ۷ĴڣԹŷʿѹԵơ
ʮߣùŷǶ̲סԾΪĻ߲٣ȴû뵽߾Ȼôࡣ
һ컯֣жʮˣ⻹Ǻܶû¡ĻͳԵľˡ
ȻŷǾĴﲻǻǱˣһʣĿͶ˹ȥһĨɫŷһ
ȴûгֻ֣һҲԻʧǸ˹ȥ
աŷһ
Ǹʺÿ¡ۿڣĸоΪһָܣǸеԼ
ÿһʶ򵥣޵еڻûʸŷ˵ڸˣҲڸԼ
ۺԯݺͷȻһ㡣
ɻʣվϣȻǵĿµĴڣҪ£ղŷӡϲĻߡ
οгɾ͵ĻߣȻϲĵĴڣҲȵɽǿ̫ˡ
ǵһᣬԻǱ˽
һҪ֣ԯݺҲһڵص״̬ʵ͵Ϯˣпܵ֡
ҲԳ׻ɱشˣȴԿ
֡
ŷһһ˳ȥŷֱ̧һֻأԻʺ¡
Իʾŭû뵽ŷǾȻǽʱչ͵Ϯ
Ҫ֪ղŰĻ߽ŷǾȻܹߵҲǼΪ˲õ顣
ͻȻչ͵ϮĽԻǴһֲ
ۺԯݺҲ֣ûڻʵİǿߣͬԻʳ֡


1500 
˵ⶼһģҪɱԻʡ
ΪԻʵǱ̫ˣһɳȻһСһ˻ϣ˭˵һƵ顣
ԻʱϷ޷ԶÿһƷ˿ڷ⣬о˵棬Ľɨ˹ȥ쳤Хת԰ȭȥ
һֿµľǰһж飬ظɽȫ顣ڹѣضҪ㸲һ
ȻˣԻҲסŷǵֹ
Ĺ˵סȻȫаԻʡԻʴڿѪ˵תߡʱûа취˽档
ŷҪ׷ȥȴǿƴסˣڻʵİǿߣһȻŷһʱᶼ޷ˡ
ߡ
ԻȻ˺
Կ֣ƴܵһ˺ȫ˳ȥʵﵽ磬ҪɱǣǷǳѵġŷȻƾ͵ϮռϷ磬վûн
ˣȫߣûʡ
컯УǷǳΣյΪΪ̺ĻԵҲ̺ͬΣգһСĵĻ߶ᱻشοֽڻʵʿ
ǿߣʵ̫ˡ
ŷȻϧվû׷ȥϾԷҪߣȴûбҪҪ׷ȥ
˸ղһ㹻Իһˡ
ЩĿɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽ŷǾȻڳڣԻǡһİԻǱˣһ㱻ɱǱ롣
ʵϣ컯ܣҲ
ȻҲˣʲô飬ʵ̫ˡ
ˡ
ŷ˵Ϊ˵עϡŷȻע⣬Ļһʲô飬ҵļɵ
ŷ뿪һȻʼ̽
컯磬ޱߣûһȷķҪҵԵǲܵġŷֱӸЩʧķ˹ȥ
ܶоһҲҲһЩǿߣֱӳ˹ȥҪռȻһ
ǿһ㣿ԯݺоһ
ǿȷ򣬲ǰ档
ˣ·ȻǻѡģǲûΣգϾһЩ߿ӵΣգ˵ȴĴΣգǲҪðյıȽϺáŷҡͷͬǰ档
߿һЩвȴУǰԲΣȻǰ棬϶лõһЩ뱦һģǼȵΣա
ҲͬŷĹ۵㣬ʲôʹУվҪܹȥУûбҪƴǺ£ֻǾòֵáҲڡ
ԯݺȻҲһ㣬˵ͷ
ȺмλáЩǿ߿Բ͸ǵ˼ȴ⣬ǾҪһԵȻΣҲһ
ÿһʿܹŵģǽڻʵǿߣڻԵ컯ҲһĿֶܹǽ߾硣
ϾڻʣѾǻˣҪɻʣҪ̫ŬͻԵˡȻֻǸһֽȴ졣
Ȼ͵ǹŷҲܵЩڶԼŵ⡣ҪЩҳȴʧˡ
Сģ˶ǲ⡣ŷ紫
΢΢ͷܵˣİɣǻ֣߳Ҫ͵ϮǣǾԲܵ飬ǲǰԻǸɵ
һŷҲţǲǰԻôһֱСġ
ۡ
ǰһðСԽһѵıСǸз⣬ֱӽԪûӳȥ
ʱ˶¶Ȼɫһ⼣߰ߵĶУȻ˿µܣܶǿ۾ˣ˹ȥǼսҪС
ŷԶȥȴҡҡͷѶкѾʴˣղһ£ܣնɱһ׻˷
ϧǣЩǿ߸ûлȥӦΪһȥѪȻֵ̫ˡ
Ȼ쵽һ㲻ֹŷһǿߣ¶һĨЦǸеĹ
ֱǰɱĲˣһڻʵǿߣѹˣеʱ򣬶ȴ˲仯촷ۡ
˶סˣǸڻʵǿߣǲһ˳ѹж֣õһʵֵ̫ˣҪ֪ΪУܵ˲ƣҪָҪܳʱ䡣
ֱ̫ˣޡ
Щһ߹ս飬ȴ̲סЦͬʱԼǧҪ嶯ĻܶȻǴﵽĿģҲпһЦ


1501 ʵ
Ǹڻʵǿ쳤ХһѪһ㱻߻ħ
ŷһƢҲ̫˰ɣȻóһΣһԺҪʶ߾磬͸ӵˣý飬ΪһĽᣬпһжԵ߾ˡ
һ룬ŷǶеͬԷˡ
һνѵʿǶ˲٣ǸļһȻǰ棬ҪҵԵ
ֳһЦеҪҵһ֤Լ
ȺҲʼɢˣߵ˭Ҳ˵ܹȫЩߵķǰУŷ綼һ
ˣСĵǰУһ㶼Ҵ⡣
ΣգǶΣաǰŷһĹ˺ܴŽǸٵ
ȻˣŷҲһˡʱǳľ裬пܵش
һΣյĵطһһľв
۲һ㱻һնˣһƲ۲ľȻһȫٵĻһһɱһǱߡ
ŷǣҲһǸҡ
Ѿ˺ܶʿˣеʿ飬óޱȣʶˣ컯֮УֱʿǵأǽҪðʧȥΣա
ǰʮʿսʿǳѵõĺ֡Щ磬һ֣һǴʱȴƴɱ
ǣһ顣ŷһһ
һ飬ͰɽϣȴסɽһɽǵУҲһ鶼ûС
ŷˣǺεǿһԲֻһֽȴӵ𾪵
һ棬ŷǸܵһƻʵϢ
ǻߴУʱ˵۾ߴУȻڻ˵кܴĲοãοǡ
õĻߴԽ࣬ЩʵԽԼĶ߾硣ʵϣÿһߵĵǲһģȻЩʦͽܵĹϵҲһ
ߣһ޶һֵļ¡Ҳǿսı֤һޣվʿ۷壬ǲĵ㹻࣬£ܹΪµĻʣֱӳԽ
ֻߵĴУ۶ڻ߻ʿ˵ǼΪġ
ŷǲûг֣ŷǲǾӣҲԲСˣǲһЩԼû˳ֵġȻǰž޴档
뵽һ㣬Ҫ뿪
ǲˡһס˹ŷǵȥ·ɫ˵
ŷȻ쳣Ŀ˶ԷһۣȻЩ۵ʵ֪˭𣿡ۺԯݺҲһƣԼ㶯ˣЩ˻ЩҲʹ
ҹ˭ǵܣǶҪˣȫɡڵǸˣһ죬бŹŷǣĲм
ŷǲֻһϹŴʵǿҲǿȥȻԸ⽫ŷǷߣ֪ǵõһУ⣬ǳΪʸ֮ġ
ǵأŷ罫ĿͶһˡ
ȻˣͲˣɽΪǵذɡһ˿ڣĮǵĻŷȴЦˡ
ڲѹˣֱЩˣκΡΪҪ£ЩҪ
ЦʲôЦЦһɵһסŷǸùŷɫסˡ
һɵɵˣָо֪ۺԯݺǳ鴤̲סЦ˳
ЦԺǱԡŷɫڡ
ŷĻһ㶣Ȼֱӱ͡Цŷڵʵ֮ϣϱԵʱ򣬸ֶ쳣꣬һζǳԿ
Щ꣬ԯݺỹۣŷùǺڸͲԸһԡ
ȻһϹŴ񣬹СǸ۷忪ڣļ
ۺԯݺû˵ֻǿԷгͬ顣
ǿˣûз뿪ŷ翪ڣϵЦݳʧˣɫг⡣
ûȻߣһϹŴ񣬺ôĵӰǸ۷ЦЦ
ҲЦղŻʱȴһ£ͬʱЦŷ硣
ŷû˵ֻĿⶢǣȻ󵭵ʵЦûУ
ûһЦˣܿϧӻҪɱġǸ۷Ц
ŷҡͷǸˡ


1502 
ֹͣǶŹŷǣϷʡǿŷǾϵ⣬
һȺ׳աԯݺ̲סҡͷ
ԼԹǡҲ˵
һ㶣ȻЦĸӷˡ
СѣǻĽԼŷúǷϻȥɡǸ۷Цһֻ£Ҫѹŷǡ
һҲ֣ǵͷҲһ죬ȻǶûзŹŷǵĴ㡣
αֻ·ѡŷ̾ϢĻöԷЦĸˡ
վﲻƽ⣬ȻһɨȥֲϢ춯أһֿµܣ˲ɫ
Ĵڣɫѿ֪Լǵ˴鷳ˡҪջѾˡ
л֣̿ɫ¶һĨš
ۡ
ɨը顣
ԪҪȥȴͻһڻ棬ֱɱ
飬ʱסˣû뵽ᷢ顣һϹŴּ̧ǵͷ죬һʲôΪǺȻ
㵽˭˾
ǸղŲ˵ҽԼŷˣҾǹŷ硣ŷ絭˵
ЩʿɫǾ֡˶һתӡ֪ǰ˵ʵûһʤ㣬Ȼǹŷ磬ҲǶ֡
Ͼڹŷ߻ˣǳ
ߣŷߣһθֱ֣ӵסЩ˵ȥ·
ŷ֣һָһը飬ѪȾ񷡣
ʣµЩˣоҪȥȴָͰ첻ǹĻʵ̫ǿˣǵʵͺˡ
ŷɫ飬֣ɱǡ
Щ˶ʲôöղŸҪŷǳ֡ŷȻһǻɱ
գЩڼˣҲܹŷݣ˹Ҫ͹ŷ
ŷһδγ֣Ǵ򱬡ûһܹסŷһʵǿģҲ۷壬͹ŷ֮ûпɱԡ
ԯݺ˶ûг֣ЩҲǹŷĶֱ֣Ǳɱ⣬۲ſڣǸʵ飬ǵˡ
ɫ˷ܣβסϲʵǱûǿĴ㣬ϾǴǿȡˣµıȥˣǶõ
ЩȲˡԯݺҲɫ˷ܡ
ȥȡŷ翪ڣԶ֣ΪĸоУʵģҲһЩΣգ֮УʵǿŷȻȥðա
ۺԯݺվں棬ûзԣΪʵľ
ŷǰУĽӽһɽ棬ʵϢ·Ҫѹһ㡣ûŷܵһֿµܡ
ֹվԥ
ۺԯݺվЩɻ󣬹ŷΪʲôǰߣͣ˲û˵ֻǶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ʱһһĹȥˣ֮ϵĻʵϢӵŨŷ糢ԵǰУȴջ˽Ųǰʲôһ
ۺԯݺǲ֪ʲô飬ȴףŷ϶Ǿ쵽ʲôȻĻı֡
û˵ֻǶŹŷ磬Ķһʲôԣǻڵһʱ֣ŷ硣
ʲôˣҳʱ󣬹ŷ綯ˣȴɽһλ֡
ըһӰ֣ɭֲһõ飬ʵǿһ˫Ѫӣڹŷϣ˿µɱ⡣
ˣŷüʡ
ⲻһˣǿߣгʵȴǳ£ȻѾ˽ڻʵľ硣
һǿߣȻŷ綼˿ӡ
ȻΪ׻ƵĹŷ磬һ۱㿴ҵݣΪۣϡԷڣԼݣͬʱҲ˵Լʶŷ硣
ۣŷüСײޱȣرô꣬ȴûܹκ
Σŷѯʡ
ÿɷ񣬵ȴһɽǰǳǿơ
ʵģҵˣ뿪ˡ˵
ŷЦ̲סһ޴Ц
ƾ㣬ҲҽʵĹãŷɨһۣ̬ƽһ˫ȴڿһ׳һ
۴ŭɫ䣬ڹŷϣЦݲ㡣۵ĻУŷһš
һԼˣԷֻһģܹһ˺ɨ


1503 ǿΧ
뵽ŷܿһۣͻȻ¶һĨЦȻˣβ֣ʲô
ŹŷĻһӰ֡
һ˱ǿߣڣŹŷ磬ЦȻΪŷ磬ҵصأû뵽Ǳҵˡ
˱壬ǵĻʶһˣ㻹һս𣿡ŷѯʡ
ߣʹùƣҼһʣȻ㵱˽ֱһЦʥն㣬֪˱ʥڣʮ㡣
ʥֺҲͽ֪ǵˡһͻ֣˫ᣬԵ÷ǳ񿥡
ǻƽˣȴ˫绢ʵȻ˵
ǣ֮УΨͽһ壬ձȻնɱʥЦ˵
ǵʵǿ˵ĻǴ꣬ʵǵʵ԰졣
ŷƲ죬¶һĨЦЦһ
ܲʥЦ
Ǻܷûʲôʤ㡣ŷȻ˵ȻԷ˶ǽڻʵǿߣҪǣȴǳѡ
ʵҲֻΪʵѾǸΣһսĻʤԡ
ŷĻʥЦһɱţˣɱˡǳ߰Ͼǽڻʵǿߣʵ㹻ǿơ
Ҫ⣬Ȼûѹǵʵְɡһ⣬ƽȴ˵֮УҲʵǿ󣬵ȴԴģѣʥʮ㣬ڹŷ˵ʵ㹻ʶ
䡣
һѹأԻʳָ֣ʵȻǿĿⶢڹŷϣϳɱ⡣
ͬǿѪԿǸ˹
ڻʵǿߣʱŷ˾Ե·硣˼һ㣬ŷɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ը⽫ʵĹ𣿡ʥЦʵ
Ǹƽ𻢣۾иǲмŹŷ磬ڿһЦ
ǿߣսǿߣһذܵľ棬ŷɫܲÿĿɨЩˣȻŰԻЦԻʣЩ֣㲻ûԼ𣿡
ɨ˹ŷһۣԻʵ˵ܹɱľУʲôҶԸ⸶仰˵úˣ˼ֻҪܹɱ˹ŷ磬ʲôںУǶԹŷۡȻֻĸ֣ǴӰԻʵĿ˵ȴԵ쳣ӵ˵
ԻʵĻŷ¶һĨ̵Цݣΰ󰡡
Իδ˵ֻеĺˣȻŷЩ̵ĻǿߣЩŭˡ
ֻǣվԿסԼֻЦһú֮ˡ
ɱļᶨΪκҡ
ǳְɣǳ֣ʵδܹסŷЦһͻȻһָ
ڼ˾ŭУǸʵıһµϢһָ飬׹ɣûɽ
Ȼɽ𣬵һģϢȴ˲١
ܵһ㣬˵ɫȫˡȻҲɱ˹ŷ磬վҪȡľģ˰Ի֮⣬ǲὫŷıȻʵĸҪ
ס֡˴󺰡
ûˣס֣ǲܵģʹҲὫʵΪġŷЦ
ȻЩʵģҿǻʲôͷۿڣһȭͬʵıˣ˶֣ʵϢӵˡ
Ҫ
ʥǴ󺰣ҪֹŷǵĶ֡
˵ҪͲҪбҪǵҪɱǣǱʱǼսĲһʵģʧԯݺȻǿɫĮ
öԷɫѿٵʵģ˵ֱһźǾԲ鷢
ԯݺĻȻףһֱȻԸղĳ̶ȣֻҪǽ֣ùŷǱɱһʵĶʧ
ʶһ㣬ʥɫѿǲŵŷǣǾУǸŹʵġ
˰Ի֮⣬ǶѾڽڻʵľ磬ǵõһʵģϱߵָ㣬л߾磬һջֻҪʿ޷ܾ
ߣǲ׼ٶ֡ƽ𻢵һڣ׹ŷҪʲô
ʵϼ˳ֻ֣вǣǲҪ֣ܹ
С
ŷδӦԻʾͿˣ쳣ң˵ȻһʵģҲùŷ뿪


1504 ѳͻ
Իʣ˵㡣ʥڣ쳣ǿơ
˻һԻʲһ㱻ĿɭȻʥϣ˵ʥ㲻Ҫˣ֮ѣҲһߵĴУʲôȲŷС
ԻʵĻʥȴ¶ɫЦ˵㲻ʵϡ棬ȴ㲻һ֮Уڶ࣬ȻȱʵԲվ˵ۡ
ʲô˼Իʴŭ
ҵ˼ףҪǳֻɱŷҲУҪģȻٵʵģҪ֮һߵĴǽǷڵĻ彫꣬ȫʥ˵
ԻʱӲһˣɭȻĶʥǲǷˣֻҲܹ˵óʥҪΪǰ˱ʵĵӣҾͲҽô˵ֲĻұն㡣
ԻʥŭˣʥɱȻ
⻰˵ˣȻʥʲôԵĵطΪѣȥ¶ɱ⣬Ǻܻǰĳ⡣ƽ𻢺ȻЦ
˼ҰŹˣһǿƣôЩνѣҿֹϵάֲȥǲֱɢˡ۵˵
ѣȫˬˣһĿɭȻŰԻʡ
λԸһ֣ˣɱԻʣ˭ΪѣһʵԲȰ϶١ŷһͻȻˣƻˡ
ŷĻԻͬʱȵұ졣
ŷίĽͱϣֻһ˿Цͳ˼ȴüףǱŷ翴Цˡ
ǲŷı飬໥ӣڵȴԷԼļ֡
Իɫѿǵ⼸ѣǰ˵һ飬Ǻò׽ˣɢпܻΪˡ
Ϊһŷ磬飬еòʧ
ʶһ㣬ԻЩͷۣ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ڴʱԯݺҲ֣ǸʵϢʧһ㡣һγ׽סˣǿóٳһΣʵģ뱣ס
ʵǱĻʵУҲ˼֣Ҫõȴܵ׵УΪµһֵ׵ɻʣʵ쳣¡ֻҪɳȻڻУҲٮٮߣʶǱ
ǶǽڻʵǿߣҪģȻֻҪɻʣҪߵΪٻʵߡ
Щ˶˽ܣǶԼ׳־
Իʣʲô뷨ʥʵ
ԻʿһۣѵһضûҪ֪ŷ粻ǰĵˣǵĵˣһɳȻȫɻʣΣ뻹Ҫڽ¡
ԻʵĻ˵ķǳУȴֱʥŭˡ
ڣǶһ콾Լ޵УԼܹ߾磬޵С
һ޵е̬˭ʤĶһԼ
ǰԻʵĻȴǱˣΪǲŷ磬˵һִŭ
Իʣûʲô˵ˣҪɱǣԼȥɱֻҪһʵвκ⡣˵
ʥЦһ˵ˡ
ƽ𻢣գһɼǿϢȴԹŷ磬԰ԻʣðԻɫѿ
ҪʲôһսŭĺԲܹܵġԻ˵
侲˵ΪȴŭˡҰԻʲԼղŵĻʲôֵĵط˵ʵֻ̫ȥ
ŭ壿㻹ٵȺһЦԻ֪ʱǽˣҲŸ̬߰ȣⲢʾľͱǵһͷҪǣǰ壬ûǸʸ񡣡ʥЦ
ԻʣҪΪǰҪѹҵȣǻûǸʸ񡣡ƽɫм
ѣʱȴۺԯݺǿ˹ŷһۣŷǵĻЦ
и̾ŷһһ̫Ưˣֱ֣ӷֳӪʱ򣬼ʹǷ˻ʵģתΪҪɱǣҲЭˡĻʹǵڹŷ֮ϣһҲδܹɱŷǡ
뵽˲١
Ҫһս𣿡ԻĮ˵
һǿƣܵ˶ԷĶײʹҲףʱԲֳìܵʱ򣬵Ҳ޷ܣҪԿҲһɫĮڲƽǵϣ˺⡣
սòһ


1505 ׼뿪
˰ɣվѣܹñ˿Цؼʱ̣۾ȻΪ侲ġ
ĻԻǶԴһ壬ʱ侲
ŷȴа۵Ļڼ˶ˡһŷǵʱʲôͺܼˡ
ߣѾǵĿģЧɱ˶ԷˣǹŷĴ㡣
ڣȴûˣǵɫȻĺеսȴˡ
µļһŷֹ
˵δԻʵ
ǲ͹ŷ֮飬ǵĿģֻǻʵġ˵ʵϣһ׵Ļʵģջġ
յķţҲܹԼϵϴȥʱΪ飬Ȼ߾磬ִԲĻʣԱ˵ݳȥҪǿ̫ˡ
Զ׵߾ģ־ڱصãκ谭
ܰԻŷ֮Իһ£Ȼɫѿ˳ȥˣƽ𻢻ʥ˼ȻҲ붯֡
Ļǰǿߣսŷˣûκʤ㡣
뵽ԥһ£˵ҿҰһЩʵиǣȫֻһ֣Ҫҳ֣նɱǡ
˰ɣܲ𡣡ʥɫ
׵еĻʵǿĹʵ֮У׵ߣҵԸƽ𻢿ڣôܣһͨĻʵУһֻһ֣ѾðԻ˺ܴľˣ׵ߵĴУ붼룬Ǹܵġ
ʵϣ֮УҲû׵ǿߡ
Ǿˡƽ𻢵˵
ðԻ۾ˣһ֪һҪ֣Ըŷǣǲˡ
ѵıѣ˵һΪ۵飬ȻĻǵʵȵѹƹŷǡ뵽ԻҪĳ嶯
ҲףٶȥȻĻòƽŭˣ͹ŷһ𣬹ԼǲֳЦˡ
ʿ˵ľûʲôġνĽˣʵ̫ο໥֮棬ԲŽһġȻӴʱˣǳɿ
ҲδؾĵģֻҪύһЩѣӰʵϣҪģԶֻһǱǳư磬ΪĻ塣
ڰ˵һִֻҪܹһ㣬ԸκδۡԻҲһͷΪȵִߡ
ʵϣ˰֮⣬壬ͷΪߣĻѪ
ǻԼľġԻ˵ɫѿ
ľԶڣǺڣҲԼеԻ㲻˵ˣǲֵġƽЦ
ƽ𻢵ĻԻɫѿһû˵κ˶ܹĳŭˣɫǳѿֱҪһ
ŷ磬ӦѾǵľˣ뿪ǲΪ㣬ڰԻǣܹܵġʥڣùŷ뿪
ʥЩģŷͻȻ裬ǸʵУԲܹܵ顣
ʵϣǸʵеľϢѾǳ΢ˣٹΣ᳹ɢ
ϢʵǳŻߵĵĶһʧ׻֮ͬʧ
ڣʥǲ뽫ŷΧ޲ùŷǸϽ뿪ʡĶԻʵУв
á
ŷͷϣ߳һһģһˣһ壬һػ
ʥɫÿŷڷǣ˵㻰
ʵϣǸûкƹŷĴ㡣ȻŷҲǵĵˣǰ͹ŷ֮ĳͻȴǳͻȻŷгɣһֶԸģҲǰ壬ǡ
ҲףŷĵĲࡣϾ֮£ŷǲռݵκơ
뿪òҪʲôԼڵ顣ƽҲڣĮ
ǷģҲŲأҵǺΣǰˣƶˣҿɲ뱻ǺƣаԻҷǳġŷڻ𳵣ڱ㳶
Ȼ֪ŷڳŷ罫ԼڰԻ֮ϣƽǻǷǳ˵ء
ȻѣǰԻʵ̫ǿˣ֮УǱ㰫˰Իһͷ˽ԼڰԻ֮ϣȻǸǹŷ磬Ҳġ
ã߰ɣ˵㻰ƽ𻢵˲٣ðԻɫѿ


1506 ̰
ĿǳԻ쳤̾ɻǣʵϰԻҪԼĸ̾Ǿѣŷ֡
ǿ߶ЦĻ
ǿߣһʲôͲǱܹĵģȻǰԻʶһ
ŷ糰Ŀ˰ԻһۣԯݺˣҡڵĴǵİΧ뿪ЩŪֽţΪзһֹǣ֣ԽĻٵ
ԻĿŭ𣬶Źŷ磬ҪһڣǳǿƣҪعŷ硣
ʥǲģΪ͹ŷЭ飬ֻҪǲ֣ŷͲٵǸʵС
ǲĹŷᷴڣȻŷԻһսӮ˰ԻǣҲټսǿˡ
Իʣ֣úÿһºһεˣ㻹ûȫأʱ㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ翴˰Իһۣһ۱㿴Իʵ״̬¶һĨЦ˰Իʵ״̬
Сֻ֪֮͵ϮԻɫмվԥûг֣ͬŷ˵һ˵̫ˣŶ̶̵ʱ䣬Ȼطеĺܶ˺վûȫȬ
ԣԻڣ߱۷սһŷһսҪܡ
ڰԿǣҪӮԯݺۣҲһ׵顣
ǻҪԶ٣ΪԼҪ𣿵ŮӣͲҪԼ˵ôߣǶɱһˡŷЦ
ںǰԻȴһ֮ӣгʲôʱ˵ѾҪˡ
ˣú˵ټˡԻʲ֣ŷҲ֣Ȼʱ֣Ҳû°ԻʵİգཫԷˣûв̫塣
ԣŷ׼뿪һٳ֣նɱԻʡ
Źŷ뿪Իʲһ㽫ըˣŹŷķұȻնɱ㡣
ɵơ
ŷֱӱȳһָ
ݺݵĴŴԻʲһ㱩ߣĿ䣬û˵ǴҶףԻŭˡ
ʥǣЩë֮µİԻʣǳ£Ǹܵ˼µѹ
ǽעתƣڹŷϣȻ˵ŷѣ뿪ˡ
ŷһۣ¶һĨЦΪʲôҪ뿪
˻һʥסˣǶŹŷ磬˲䣬㷴Ӧŷ˼ûд뿪
㷽ѾӦˣֻҪǷߣ㽫ߴóѵҪŭ
Իʴʱȴ̲סЦ˳ɫżˣ˵ˣ˰ɣҾ˵ŷ粻һöôô򵥽ԼĶøǣں˰ɣԻЦɫмЩѣǿϡ
ԻʵĻƽ˵˵ĺܴһǲ֪ĳϵƣ˭ġ
ʲô˼ԻʴŭĿϹ˸ͬһ㣬쳣¡
ʲô˼ʲô˼Ҳ£ûбҪ˵ƽЦ
ǿ֮໥أͬҲ໥ڲƽǣͰԻ֮䣬Ǹֲ죬ȽϲмԷ
Իɫһһ˵ҲǷͻڹŷķҲܵõʵˣڻֹɱһ𣿡
һ֡¶
һõϢʱȫɢȻԻ־ᶨʱҲһҪµĸо
üͷȴû˵һΧ£ȥ
ŷķվɽǰЦ˵Ϊһ׵ģԾֻһ𣿡
ŷĻһ㶣˵Ŀⶼʩչͨ۲ġȻδϤģȴþıµϢ
ҵ˸ͬ׺һ˳ʵϢˣ¶ϲɫĶλᱻٵȻŷȫҲ
֮ǰϢԽԽ΢ҲˣǹŷǶʲôֽš
޾֮⣬ŷҡͷЦ̰˰
ʲô˼ԯݺЩ⣬׹ŷʲô˼
һ̣֪ˣղڵĵطµŭд۵ѪⱬȻǿ︺ˡ
ŷһɫһףһʮԪĿУ
ŷɫ˲תĿ˸Ц˵ǵջʵʱˡ
ԯݺǶһۣԷеϲ
˺֮λõתˣŷǿȻҲùȻһҲδǹŷ˵Ķ֡
һնɱǵĺûᣬܹ


1507 
˳˹֣ȫǻòԪܵش˵쳣ء
ŷǳ֣û˿ԥתߡ
ԻʶһԹĿ˹ŷһۣѾڹŷеĳԿˡ
׷
ŷԯݺ۵ˣԻ׷˹ȥ
ǿߺգɫѿͬɥ֮Ȯһ㣬Ǳ˼㡣
ŷ׷ɱܶʿɵˣǿϷɹȥǿߣŶ죬ǿһڹŷǵгԿ
ԻʺֱҪȥ͹ŷƴǰԻȴ֪ǲܵġŷһս
ʵ̫ˣʵƽʱһ㣬һ죬ǵʵԵǺ͹ŷȣ;ԲǶˡ
ŷ磬СˡԻʴŭǷһСˣһСͣһսŷƲƲ죬⣬Ҫܹһ֣ŷԸϸͷ
Իը˷Σ״̬õʱ϶ͣǴʱȴףԼԲǹŷĶ֣ĺһսĻŰ
ԭ嶼С֮ˣֻܡŷЦ̼Իʡ
ԻʴŭһͣԿȴŰԻһѣ뿪Ҫ嶯ھԲǹŷǵĶ֡
͡
һԻն䡣
һ꣬Ŀ棬ֱӳ֣ͨ죬նǳһӽض϶Էȥ·
Իʳ֣ӲĽֱӱ齣
޳ܣԭҲӴܵһ졣꿪ڣĮ絶
㣬ƺ졣
ԻʾŭĿɭȻƺϣɱ⡣
㻹ǵңƺ쵭һЦɫƽȴܼᶨڰԻǵǰ档
ƺ˼ԣðԻͨ
ôһ飬ŷҲ׷ԻΧСЩĿƺһۣŷͷ
ƺ죬ȴֻɨ˹ŷһۣɫĮǸŷһ
ƺУŷ翴һֵ⣬ָоǳƺ쿴Իʵһ
ŷЩȣԼͰԻ֮䣬ûʲôͻ
ʱ򣬰Իȴŷ˵ŷ磬֣ɱƺ˵
ʲôûɡŷ
еĿɿڴԻһǲǱԼ׷ɱеˣȻĻô˵Ļأһ֣ɱƺ죬Ҫ
ԷԻסŷӦøлƺŶԣȻƺԹŷһ⣬еĪŷȴûᣬɱ˵
Ȼû⣬Զ£Ѿˣ˭Ǿݻ֣壬֮ʼһ㽫Ǿ壬ݶūۣǾ˶£ŽܣΪ֮ǣˡԻЦɫ¶һĨм
崫һֱûжϹ;ݻ岻һҪˣУ˶ϲ㡣
ر׻ƣʲôֻ֪֪ԼھսѪһĶȫ˽⡣
ʲôŷǾȣһʷء
ֻǣǴţԸͲ֪ʲô塣
𣿰;֮䣬Ȼǲ֮ĻȨ壬ҪūأҪݺͰ壬ȫΪǵū͡ԻĿȻǸϡ
أǾԼʵѾ㹻ˣԾˡԻЦĿɭȻʱȻһ㶼ĹŷǻֶԸˡ
壬Ǿĵˡ
ô˵ĵ㣬Իʣ㻹ǽʵɡŷ˵ɱȻ
ŷһָоԻʵĻģȴһκûᣬҪɱԻʡ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ󣬰ʼ;ʼ棬ӢˣһЭ֣;ݱҪ֣壬ҰԻģڿʼҰպҲݵ鷳Իʼŷ粻ţָغ֣ġ
ԻʵĻŷˡԻʻӣһףΪɱ֣Իʻ᲻ֶΣǰԻȴԼȺģֻΪ˱뵽ŷĿһתֱӶǸꡣ
Ҫ֣ǵһ국Ŀڣͷɫģɢڼϣϴɫĳɡ
ŷһûԥס˸ȥ·
ۺԯݺҲһԲͬŷһվ˶Էߡһ̬ȣҪֶԸһˡ
ԻˣͳһҩУ˲תһ롣
ǹŷȴãԻǵʵ˲٣ֵҩȻΪΪ۵ġ


1508 ǣ̫
Ϊɱ꣬ǾȻΪΪۣŷ𾪣ʵҪɱԻǣҲδֻܹлᣬǷͻΧǿġ
ȴûΪָ˴ơ
޾¹ȥˣǰ;һӵĲˡҡͷɫдһĨ̾
ɱȴǹˡԻЦ
ŷȻͷԣܹܵԷеӡʵϣǾݻ壬ޱȻԻ͹Ȼûˣͬ£һôӾݡ
Էı֣޷Ϊū۹ݣҲū۵Ķ󣬲ȻĻǲԽС
ƺ죬ǱɱֱǶҵһ衣Էڣ͸һֲм
ϣԯݺЦˣͻȻ֣һɱƺĺ󱳡
ڴʱƺתδУһԻԻȻɨ˹ȥ
䣬ԯݺᵹɳȥѪŭŶԷ
ŷǳԾ㽫ԯݺɳȥˣʵܿ¡ʶһ㣬ЩӵĹŷǣȫ
𣿻е˼ǳְɡƺ쵭һЦ
ߡ
ߣϵ䣬ѹȥ
ֺգޱȣÿһɢ⣬նϵǳһס
ƺ⣬Ȼֱӱ֣۵˳ȥ
ʵʵ̫ˣۺԯݺᣬϣΪµ֮һʱȴƺĶ֣һ֮£·硣
ֲƺȻԹŷǼˣҲһ㶼¡
һµǿߣʵǵΧХһɨŷȥ
ŷЦָֻظ֣̺޾ɱ⣬һУԷĳѹ䡣
һ죬ŷ絹˳ȥ¶ԾɫԷȻԵѹʵʵ̫ˡ
ǣ̫ˡƺ˵
żˣڿһ˳Ծ֮Уŷǿ˵һУΪĴڣԷȻǣ˵̫Ǵȥ磬Ҫˡ
ūͣվָܺ߹ѪȣȻսʤǣڣǽҪع飬ûǵһУʲô壬ʲô壿ȫϣ˵ǶֻūͶѡƺЦԻǣɨ̴ɡ
ԶʿһĻȫԾֱԼ۾Ȼܹһ֮ѹ֣̫̼ǵˡ
Ǹ˭ôôֲ˾
֪һ˫ᣬգ˿£ԻǶסŷҪˣǸһһµĴڣֻһ߰ʿ¶ɻɫ
ܹǿѹŷǵģ˻ߣ벻ʲôˡҪ֪Ȼǽڻʵĸ֣Ҳŷǳƽѹǡ
ˣȴֱӺ֣ǿƣ
ԲǻߣûлߵϢܿܶǽڻʵǿߣֻһʿ˵Ϊȴ¶Ȼɫ
֮УȻǸ콾˭ܹѹƹŷͰԻʡǸʵֱ̫£ס
˶ȻһѹƹŷͰԻʣе̫ˡ
ܰɡ
񾪺ƺڿһ̬һ
񣬶Ǹ
ʵϣǶڴŷǽƺܡΪһ˵ŷǣѾ㹻ˣһܹ֮ɨŷǣµʿоġ
Ϊָ߶ȣ붼ģԶ޷ﵽĸ߶ȣܹһУȻǻߣδı֡
ᣬ뵽һ塣һ꼶ܴǿߣϳĺĿǣƺϣоȻһֿ־塣
Χʿ̣ʿû˵ֻ૵˵ǸѵҪ𣿵ū۰;ݻ壬ǻֻū͵ķˡ
ûпԵѹȴΧȫëȻ
ū۹;ݻ壬ӶɳˣһôµĴڣԳǵ
Ҳֻ˵Щʿ㲻ڣһ£ҡͷת뿪ֻһӰ²⡣
Ϣ̫ˡ˵֪Уݻ壬Ϊµ壬ǶūۣūǵˣǶôĿ£ֱ
ѪͼվǱ΢ģô꣬ӵĲˡƺЦ̬ޱȡ


1509 սƺ
ŷһ¶һĨЦΪԼܸ߹𣿡
Ҫ߹һ򱶡ԷЦɫм
׳ա
ŷ鿪ڱƺ߹ȥϻƽ貣µѪ𶯣ϯ졣
һֿµƣƺ쿪ڣ¶һĨȵɫ
е˼ƺ쿪ڡ
Ǻ˼һ˼ġŷЦǰɱȥ
¾˺ء
ƺɫǻƿ£ԹŷڵʵʩչȻ˿ӡ
䡣
ƺҲ֣һȭָ䣬һۣɿµĻɱ⣬ŷ¾ײһ
µĲŷ絹˺ü
ƺ𶯣Ŀ棬ڹŷϣ¶һĨ𾪵ɫǸ˵Ĵˣ
ŷ֪ƺ˵ǸӦǰʣû˵ڶ
졣
ȸղŵ¾ӿ£ƺ췴ûôˣЦһϵĻĸӳˣŷ繥ȥ
ٴײһһξȻһƽɫĸо
ƺ죬ԻʶԾû뵽ŷƺĽ֣Ȼܹһ

ŷЦսȻĶ֣ĺҡϴεİһڵƺ죬Ҳһ
˵սܹѹ
ȻǰԻʣҲ޷ŷѹȵĸоͨԻʵУԼʵ
ɱ
ŷ翪ڣɱȥ
ƺ쳤Хһɱ⣬ŷײһ
ǼսŷϱһѪһӴŷ㸺ˡĿɭȻָ
ۡ
ŷİӱ飬üͷһ壬һֻ첲һȭһȫƺԴ
ɱ¡
ȻԻʶԾ棬һչԹŷʱ򣬿¶Ҫһ·硣
ʵеҪҲ˶ѣ֮һƺ쵭˵
Ļùŷ綼ԾˣԼսһ£ȻǶԷΪһе㲻˼顣
ְɣҪôķϻŷ綢ƺ죬˵ʱŷ絹ǲðԻǳ֣ҪԼԷһսǴһܾˣ԰Ի˵ʵɱƺ죬Ƿǳпܵġ
Ҫܾˣƾ㣿ƺЦ
գֱӳ֣ɨǵصĻ䣬ȫɻɱ۶ɵģµ˼㡣
ֻء
ŷֻ֣ѹһУסɱ⡣ȴ˺üѪڡԷΪŷ磬Դͨѹơ
⼴⡣ƺһɿµ־ѹǲã־һ㣬Ҫɱŷ硣
شƣȻŷ磬¶һĨصɫ
쳤Хʮ𶯣ŷ֣ȳһֶϻꡣ
ǲ
ƺüģһµѪۣһһ㵹ŷҲ˳ȥ־һ飬ش
ͬʱվѪڣ޸Լܵ˺
һսͨ˫ȫʩչȥֶΡ
һֶϻ꣬ʥֶΡƺ¶ԾɫϳһֶϻꡣĻùŷ綼Щȡ
ѵ壬Ҳ֪ʥ
ŷû˵ֻǶƺ졣
ֻأǴ˵ǸµͨǱ÷ˡƺЦ̾ŷͨȴãŷûʩչͨ
Ǻǣ÷Ҳܹش㣬ʵҲûʲôýģѾˣʵҲˣͬһ磬ɱŷ粻м˵
߾籾ʵһ֣Ѫͼϣλһ㣬ͬ޵УҾҪԸ߾ѹ㡣ƺ˵š
ɢŻ⣬ֱӳ
ŷͬȥӲʵͬǿᣬ棬񷶼ˡԻؿг֣ȴһĨЦ
ԻǶһۣ񽻻ʲô
Ȼһƺ첢֪ԼʵҪѹŷ磬ܣеϡ
ֻƺû뵽ǣŷʵǿᣬȻ·ģȴŲܣԽսԽ£òһͣƺײ
һֿµı֣ȻƺжԾͣʩչͨЩƣˣڹŷ羹ȻһƣĸоûУֵڲͣӡ
ϡ
ƺŭȣҪɱŷ磬ȴֻܱ
ʵϣҲ˹ŷ磬ϾһʿйŷۺıԴȫ֣һֱڣûκ顣
ѪͻʹɣΪŷṩ˼ԴԴϵ


1510 
˵ϣҲˣսϣʲôŷЦݺ󿪴ϣ쳣
ΪҲĶ𣿡ƺŭ𶯣ɨǳش飬ŷѹ档
ŷ糤Хӵ£ɱȭͷƺĳײһ
˲䣬һأ·Ҫ㸲ˡʧɫڰ貵ĹⱬȻǽڻʵǿߣ۾
ǣ̲סˣվԭءִײƿ¡
ƺĿȻϵϢת䣬һֹŷûмʶ˸һ֣ŷоһ󲻶ԡ
ƺУһֹŹֵȻѹ
ʲôŷ𾪡
ţûʲôʲôģȴû뵽ԼȻԷֹŹֵơ
˵ŷսʮ֮󣬹ŷսֻʣ°ˡ
Ͼϣǵһͷѹǵһɱ㡣ĿɭȻŹŷ磬Ȼ󹥻
쵶
𣬹䣬һѰѿµ쵶ɨ
ŷɫ̫ͼҪסԷһ
ۣۣۡ
һŷüͷԷȻ̫ͼˣȻ˵
棬̺Źǿƻ壬ùŷ޸
һѪǿнЩ𣬲ʱ򣬹ŷüͷȴȻǹķѵıԴȴ֮ǰ̫ˡ
ĲԷᱻƺ
ƺ챳ųŹŷ磬ɫζܵ𣿡
ˡŷ翪ڣɫĮһĨ
ӲûйӳԵġƺЦ
ŷҪΧ£ֻҪˣܹƺʱ״̬ԣǳԶ˹ŷһ
ѹһСԻɫѿ
еԽҲԽһѹһŷ壬Բֻᱻѹôһ㣬ǳֵĻĲսǻᱻѹƵġԿҲ˵
ǵһѹĲʵǻô򣿸ͲǶԷĶֲ֣øղŹŷͻȻ·硣
Ҫ֪ŷʵҪҪȶԷ΢һ㡣
ܹȵģҪɱȫƺЦĿɭȻɨŷǣһ߰ӡ
ŷǰУ巢⣬Ѫ죬ŷ絭˵˭ģɱȫƾ㣿ذɡ
ߣɱ㡣
ƺɫһ䣬ĳͻȻˣһǳ޹⣬µϢӳ֮ϱĲ
һѻƺУſµܡ
ŷüͷһ壬û˿ԥսսȻƺš
ƺ۾һ¶һḬ̃ɫ
һս׻УǼġսֶһս׵˲䣬οǻһ䣬ܹ¶ǶսˣҲܱס
ԣ֮Уûгֹս׳һǻߵ˵С
ҪˡƺЩ˵
ӵлһ𼶱ս׵Ļֱ֮ͬгˣȻУҲĴڡ
ǹŷ֪ƺĻ϶ԾƺУʱʵܹѹһˣ֮УȻġ
ŷûֱӺȳһֶϻꡣ
ƺѣ޸ĿȻȻ֣ն䣬ֲֿϣͬһ߸գޱȣضˣ޹⡣
ŷ糤Хϵսս׷⣬ȣϡŷ֣üķ⣬罣Żʵݺݵȥ
Ƿֿ˴棬Ȼݺݵײһ
䡣
ͬʱɳȥȾѪ
һײǶܵ˺ʵϣŷܵ˺ҪУԷʵͱߣϻѹŷ˾Ե·硣
ϵսս׷ס˻ŷڶᱻشΣաʹˣҲоԼԴܵһ˺
ҲʱۺͰԻǣȫ˳ȥǵжһʵĹ⸡ֵģ̺ĿµϢȴƺ쳹ױɫ
ħ󡣡ƺ쾪ԥеĻ߽ն˳ȥ
ɱ
Ҳӿ۳һӰȻ󸩳¡


1511 ƺ
ǿ֣߳۳һ࣬ӲȻˣҲ˳ȥȾѪ
쳣£رƺǿУֲܹܡ
ƺҲܣŷײһˣʱһըⰵԴҲܵ˲˺
ĿɭȻǵϣŭǸ
ƺŭˣû뵽ԼϵļˣȻܹԼ˺һز
гĸо۾죬ֱҪˡ

ƺ춢ס˹ŷ磬֪ԼڵƣʵȹŷᵽȥĻɱŷ磬Ϊл
ŷվͻȻɫףȫŷûСŷӡ׻һѿµĳݺݵ䡣
׷ҲҵǰƺЦеĳն
ر飬ԵϢǬҪ߸ˡ
ǹŷ粻壬ƿףֱӽ䣬볤Ӳ
˳Ծ鷢ˣŷսսףЯȻƺӲ˶оԾһŵĸо
ӲǲɻʵĻм˿ҹŷڵΪŲϹŴ񾳽磬δϹŴ졣
Ǽս˸ӿס
һսŷ׷УȻԷӵлҲ޷סƿ׵Ĺŷ硣
һ߾ģȻŷõˡԻһ뵽ֿܡ
ǸղŸϵˣŷ֣Ѿõ˻ߴУЦǻΪǸĻٵˡԿɫ¶һĨŭ
Ҳ֪֣ǲӦ໥жԣһµ壬ƾ߾һ벻ѹ塣
˸ǻʵޱȣŷ߷ȻĻ֣߳Ҳ൱Ͼǻ壬Ѫ֮У̺Żʵ֮
ɱ
ŷأһֿµı֣飬Բʮȫǣһ
һЩΪߵ̫ˣֱӺɳȥԡѪһ㱻ɱɫȻһ߿ѪһӴܣ±꼰
ǿ߶սѾȻֻʵʵ̫ˣп
ԻɫӣʱһָоԼδؾǹŷĶ֣Ϊܺƺսһز
ۡ
ƺڣѵĻӶеĻŷɨȥ
£ŷʩչԼսսףҲȻˣ˳ȥ顣
һսķǳѣùŷ綼ԡѪüΣóȫʵȻʤϣ
֡
ۿڣٴγ˹
ƺɫڵ״ֵ̬ΧǾˡʶһ㣬ԥתܡ
ƺˣ߰٣ͬɥ֮Ȯһ̶̻ӡ
ŷ׷ȥҪ׽ƺɱһµĶ֣ǲɱĻԺܻд鷳
˻֪ƺУ㲻š
ƺгӶֱնһƬѷ죬ֱӳ˽ȥ
ʶıҪȥǹŷȴһѽסȻѸٳ֣ѷһֻײһ
ŷ絹ˣѪǸҲһѪȻʧ

ŷ̾
ȻҲܵǸ˵ʵһ֮ƺ춼˿ļһʵǿᣬһƱ㽫ŷˡ
ղۺ׼ԷײҪԴ
ԻʽĿ⿴ɫӡ
ôҪҳ֣ŷʵȻ˵ģǾ㣬ѪŰԻʣûһ¡
ԻתԶȥ֣壬ѣ֮䲻ս
뿪쳣ùŷ綼Щɵۡ
԰ȻǿðԻʽɱԼĻᶼˡ
ԺҪһµĶˡŷЦЩͷۣѪôôˣһһ
嵹Ϊǵĵˣȴһĵˣڣǰ֮ĵ֡
ԣѪܵѹӦС˲١
Ȼָʵᳬ̫࣬˵ѹǣܹı֡
ûϵպ˻߾磬ֱӺɨǣʲô壬ҪѹŷĬһᣬ̲סЦ
ŷĻԯݺۿЦãֻһôİɡһū۹ѪͰӴ壬Ȼô򵥵ıơ
ڵ״̬ǸһԵˡŷ˸
ȲģҪõһ챦ĻʵͿһֲĵزߣԲ˵˵


1512 
챦뵽ۺԯݺҲĿȡ
ʵһһϦܹģӵһ챦ȴܹ˲ǵʵһֿݵʵķʽ
ˣ׷ȸǡŷ뵽һ飬Ҫ׷
ۺԯݺҲ֪ԼһʵԽ󣬶ڽԽкô
ҹŷ֮ĹϵȻǻʵУҲ˽
ʡ˾ȵ˵
׻ʣֻǺһʵĵҲͬĲ˵ʣΪﵽ˻߾죬Ȼ޷ͻ棬ҲǾԵĸ֣ķǳŷ˵
Ȼܹõ׻ʵ׷ŷӸˡ֮䣬һֱڣ׵ǿߣһʶ
ãչǶһۣԷеϲá
λʵķţǳǿͬҲǳļ򵥣ǵܿˡ
䡣
ͻȻ֣ɣŷ¡
ʱԯݺҲ֣һָȻ۵סȻɢŷ綼Щ𾪣ѧϰ׵Ȼܹ׵ʩչһزˡ
˲һŷڷ˵ʱ򣬱ѾӴ׵ˣѧϰ׵ʱ򣬹ŷķǳ죬ں̵ܶʱڣ򣬵ȻҪߵľ磬Ҫʱˡ
߰ɣȥѰ챦ŷ˵
ʱȴһʲôˣ
ڹŷ𾪵УȻۿɼٶȥܵʲôʴһ꣬Ҫȫš
ꡣ
ɫѿһѪֱӴ״̬⣬ɨʮŭȵҲʲôҪɱң͸ҹһս
ŷɨʮѰ͵Ϯ۵Ǹ
ͬʱԯݺҲһ֣أҪǸҳһжͽͣǸνĲ꣬ǲһȫʧ
£졣
ŷǶһۣԷɫеءǵʵ޷ҵ꣬ʵ̫ˡ
ҲٵģҪǱϣܹܵġۿ˵ɫ䣬ɨΧ˵ղһ㣬ûгס´׼δܹߡ
ãҵҲʶһ£νĲ굽ʲôŷЦ
ֻǻȻ˵ǵɫȴЩأǿۣͬһ˲ˣʶУвǿߣ¶Σա
õģ콾ױɵҪɱˣҲô׵ġ۰οŷ磬֪ŷһЩʲô
ŷ΢΢ͷЦҵϣν꣬ҵҵͷϣҵҪǸ굽һʲô
ŷţʵϹŴ񾳽Ĳ꣬˹ŷ磬ֻбŰ˵ķݡ
뵽ۺԯݺᣬеͬЩˡϹŷ磬Щı
ǰУ߳ԶһҽдȻһȥȫɢһǿߣʵ죬ɼս۷ǿߡ
꣬찡
ʿ̲סɫҰס
˵еĲ꣬Ѿʧ˺ܶˣȴû뵽Ȼˡֲֿı֣˿־塣
ǿ߶޷ԱԽԽǿ󣬷Խֻ࣬һЩƽʿܹԼ
ڶɱţǿߴ
ܶȻֱȥҪ뿪ˣȻнڻʵǿߣùŷˡ
һڻʵǿߣǱӴܣǱ˵ӣŷãԼеСЩˡ
֣ʿҪ䲻ˡۿڣг˸̾
ֻ֪꣬ǶôĿ£ʵҲֻǿԿ⣬Էˡ
쵰
۵Ļŷɫÿ
УʱҪǿߣЩǿ䣬ʵ˵һ־޴Ĵ
պ֮УкܶδսҪչʱ򱻲ɱȫʵ
ûа취޾ģ콾˲У˭Ҳ޷ıʲôһ˵ͦʮβ꣬᳹뿪ߡɫء
ʮβ꣬ŷ΢΢üͷһرѵ顣
òѣǲ˾òѣЩΪʲô֣ΪǲҪȫʢ״̬ΪǣҲûоʮβ꣬һ۷״̬֣ʱȻߣΣա۽͡
߲֣Ϊɵ꣬ŷͷһ˵һ죬ҪŪνĲ꣬ʲô


1513 
仰һ˵ֱŷ¡ϲԵ־ƺƵޱȡ
˺Ѳ񷣬Ƚڻǿһ
ŷֱӳ֣Ӳ쳤Хʮ飬µƱǧ硣
񱩣
䡣
ֻתֱӽǰһƬɱУֱӽɱ
ŷֶμ䱩ң˿úȻ˭ֶΣص־һ㶼Эֱӳ֣־
ƸʤһѪɫӳ֣飬ޱȣڹŷϡ
Ѫ
˾һǴ˵еĶһϣɡ

ڴʱһ£ֱɨѪɫ档
Ѫը飬ʧ
Ӷɳˣ˭Ȼ˱ңѪˡ
ʦ𡣡
ŷһһ
£ܳİɣֻҪ֮ϵĴ֣Ҷֵġյ
лʦ𡣡ŷ繰֣д
ΧʿŷдһĨηղŹŷı֣е̫ˣȻη
Ȼڻʣʱŷ񣬶һĨأղŵΣǵϣδͬŷһɫ
һӣΪ𾪵ġЩףڹŷǿػ
δؾǹŷǿߣÿѪ֣ܻǿ֣߳Ѫ˵
ÿһѪᱻ𣿡һʿʵ
󲿷ǿսܣѪǸղٻ״һѪ
ԣղǸѪǴ˵еôֲԲŻᱻɨѪǿµ㣬˵һʵǿߣսѪջٵ˰磬պǸѪͬھˡ
ڳΪͣȻ̸֪ۣܶһЩ鴫˶о¡
Ѫ֮䣬ʲôϵǸʵǿߣ˵Ҫɱ꣬׻һ徻ԲŻѪȻһսġ
ŷţЦ˵ʲôƨ꣬Ҫȫ
Ļһ˶Ȼ֮ǰǲ֪ŷ˵ʲôʱȴˡȻǸʵǿһҪɱꡣֲûѪԭѪҪɱвˡ
һڻʵǿߣҲ˵һ䣬ȴѪΪ֪ǿҲѪܹ˵Լ
˺þãǸǿûκθоһȺѪδ֣һ㶼ûиӦ˵Ļ
Ѫκ˶ܹģֻǱвǵˣǲŻ֣ʲôè˵һ䣬ѪҪֵģ̫ˡһЩ̵һ꣬Ůӣȫò绪
Ůʵ쾳磬ϴֿµϢʹڻʵǿߣҲܵһѹ
ɫ콾棬ȡǸڻʵǿߣҪǸ֮󣬶ʱˡ
һǸǿֱתߡ
ŷЩ⣬ǸһۣԷһϤĸоԿ϶ħ磬ϣͬһʥĸоָоħϢһһֱԴ
ֱԴ;еƣֲǾݵѪһַǳŹֵĸо
ǲǸо֣꿪ڡ
ŷ֪ԷǺԼ˵˵ͷǺ֣ϵıԴܸӡ
ٵıߣ޾µĳ裬û뵽ڵľˣȻѾȫȴˡ˵ɫ΢΢Щ
ŷ粻ڳˣûһʲô˼
㲻ǶˣҲֻмϼһﶮǲҲνʱǱ㶮ˣң䣬ʱǾͶˡ꣬ɫһĨ
ŷȷʵǴӶԷУȴˣ˶ԾûκκøУɱ⡣
ûлῴˡŷվ˳
국Ŀ˹ŷһۣЦҪɱң
ŷǰУƽ
㲻ʲô꿴˹ŷһۣɫ¶һĨЦݣ
ŷ綢꣬Щɻ
չš
꿪ڣԼ
ŷһɴ۾꣬һĸо
չţϺһ㣬ڹŷĶУȴǳһ㣬ٴӶԷϵϢŷһָо꣬Լйϵ
㵽˭ŷһɣʵ


1514 ս
ҽս꿪ڣ˵һ֣һ㶼ûΡ
ŷһ㱻ԼĿˮǺսʲôʶһ㣬ŷɱʧŶԷ
µĲĻӦúսΪذɣ
ŶսҲһϽ֮Уһճյ߱棬ֳһսùŷ
ϹŷڵŮʼ棬һŮˡң˭֪ĵطûйսˡ
ŷãС
ѾϳҵˡսɫдһĨĮͬʱЩ
һͷŷ˵Ѿ³ˣȻⲢһԾѪʲô飬Ǹҳ֣ұȻɱ㡣
ŷ˵ĺţҲǳɴࡣ
ЩǰҲԵòôҪҶԷ͹ŷ֮䣬ֻѪ֮ϵ鵹ûеġ
ھѪһкܶŷѺˣȻ˶˺
Ҳ˵ĻȻĳ֣һɱңĸ׳֣һȻˣҲ꣬ˣ˵̬ǳ񣬿ϧûǷʵս˵
ôܣŲǧꡣŷ羪
ŷĻսЦһ̲סЦǧ꣬ǸϼһĵǷǳᴩʱһ˶ƶô飬ھȻΪǧķˣһЦ
ʲôŷˡ
սżҵʼ棬ȻᴩʱںƶһСһʱˣһǿߣǸʱˣܹͶǻ߾Ĵڡ
սһֱʲôһֱûб˷֣Ī⣬Ҫ
ŷһ֣ȴ˲ˡսǸ˵ĻӦòʶŶԡ
żһѪĴУÿһѪǳ죬ңֻһ⣬ҪɱңֻǺܿϧȴˣζֵĻᣬǶûɱҡ˵սɫдһĨ̺Ͳм
˳޾Ѫʼ滹޷ģңѾˡŷ˵
޷ģرһΣսѪ㣬Ϊ磬ԯȸǲһ㱻նɱȥ޾£սʱֻ֣ǻҵΪȴûɱңҵʱͷģһҪùսڡսЦ
Ļŷԯݺȫµɱ⡣
Ⱥԯ죬Ȼսıˣվû䣬ȴʧˣǲ֪Ǽ龹ȻǹսΪ
ͬʱҲܹоսֿµΪһնɱʵֲ̫ˡ
ʶʸĴڣʵϣܹˣǲ䣬ȫɾ˻ߡˣȻ£ӳȺս˫ȴǹսĶ֣츳̫ˡ
ܷŭ𣿺ܿϧȻδָȫʢʱڵΪȻɱңֲеͷɡսɨһۣ˵
ˣͬʱվ˳ӱ䣬ڹŷǵϣͬӵпսĴڣʵס
Ҳ߳ǿߣԡ
ܶ˶һϢĸо˶ǳǿ󣬳ףеļƷʵսƷء
ŭӣҸоܿЦνĹżѪԼã˸оս˵
ŮһۣȻֻǿߡ
ʤңƿء󣬵ȴ˸оһֿµħԡ
ǿӹսϱ졣
ϹŴ죬ΪȻδ磬һʵȴµ˼㡣
ǴӹսһҪսŷˣԿԼʵŶǿš
ŷɫأӹսϣǸܵһɿµѹƺ춼Ҫǿ̫ˡ
ȻǶɫ˷ܡ
˶ףһսҪһµڴţҪ־档
ŷɫأͷųԼϢƽ貣ӳǬ
սɡ
ŷ翪ڣҪ֣սһս
䡣
һ촫Ȼһֿµѹ硣˶Ȼ˽ڻʵǿߣȫѹ̫ˣȻ޷⣬ֻнڻʵսܹǿס
챦
һڻʵǿ߳ȥͷۣǿ󣬻Уѹ챦ɹȥ


1515 챦
סܶ˺һЩڻʵǿҪȥҪסǸǿߡ
սǸͷ۵ǿһۣ³֣׳ա
Ļ䣬һɲǸͷ۵ǿߣֱը飬𡣸ЩˣһŵùǺתӡ
һɺ嫵Ĳ
սԥת෴˹ȥһĻŷǺԥתӡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô챦սߣǹŷȴ֪һԲûмʶˣ϶ǸܵʲôΣա
ҲһЩǿߣŷǵΪ̸ȥ
һֱ̣ӻޣȫʧ
ŷ֮յĶ˹ȥһ˲䣬ҲҪ군ˡЩûзӦʿ򳹵ʧ
챦ֻǸһ֣㱬µܡŷ͸оʮڻʵǿߣֱӱɱһֿû
ܣһĻ֮ϡΪһĻߣҪɱһڻʵĴڣҲõɡ
ʲôӳ˾
һεƷ֮ϣתصϢһƵɢ˺գµ˼㡣
Ϣ쳣ֲԽ֮궼ѿˡ
ŷֻǿһۣоؿڷƣתֲĸо
Ǹսȡ

ͬʱʿϳ챦Ȼ󾪺˳
˵֮γɵģ䵽ʵϣʴѵһսʱʧˣΪٵˣû뵽Ȼڡ
ŷǶһۣԷеĻȣȻôͷǧţһжľ֣Ȼ䣬ǺܶҪľ
ʱһݺ֮ݺᣬޱȣµʿȫ
ŷǿվǸܵµѹڸ֨졣ѹʵ̫ˡ
ȻǣʼˣЩסѹ
⻹ôշǵʵҪδܹ˵շˡ
ŷǶۣ̫ˡ
ǹսɫ䣬ϵɫдһĨȡ
עı仯սǼһ֪һЩʲôǻеġŷ紫ۺԯݺǡ
˲ͬɫĵͷɫרע
սû뵽ŷ羹Ȼı鶼ע⵽ˣҲ³һЩ顣ʵ챦һʼͷųԼǿܣò˶ã챦еǸʱ򣬴ұԶȥ챦
ʵϣʱ򣬶챦֣л챦챦һɱ
עı仯ȴŻᡣ
ǣʱһһĹȥûϢͷųӿµϢ
ڳ˱ɫŷôУһֲԤУҵĸоܲáԯݺῪڣɫء
ɫҲÿüͷԼǰ˵֪Ϊʲôһľĸо
Ҳһĸо
ŷҲڣ˵Լĸо
Ƕһۣ˶оԣǾĲˡˣԤǷǳǿģ쳣׼ȷ
ʱ򣬹ŷ͵͵Ŀ˹սһۣȻһƽӣǹŷܹӹսϣܵһֽηɫ
սηˣŷһԥٴκˡ
սҲһ˺ܶࡣ
ЩڻʵǿߣҲܵԣȥֻЩʹĹڵϣǿ˹ŷ˵ı֣֪ܻб仯
𡣡
һͻȻ߳˹
ӡ
ŷһȫԯݺǷӴܡʿҲһһԥûС
һЩʿµĵеǿߣ½һ·׹䡣
ȫɱһûӳȥЩȫޣʲôûʣ
ǿµһĻͬһ㣬סһ
ͷǧʿʱȫɱֻʮӳȥȫǽڻʵǿߣйŷ
Ȼǹս϶ʧȥѪɫŵùǺ
챦ɱ⻹ûз챦ûƶֻ֣֮ҪжѣԲṥΪ쳣ķ
׷ʲô飿һڣ壬ʱȴղԵֱĸоľһ㱻Ƶˡ
ŷҲɻɫ⡣
һƬأ˶䡣


1516 
˭Ҳ֪ʲô飬챦ᷢʵǲǶһۣԷеľ塣
ˡһ֣ʵǿᣬѾΪһͷˣʵ졣
ǵʱȴһижûУתҪӡ
ŷǶͷƤ飬ǸһķӦҪתӡ
һȥ
һȴһսգɨս֮ϣ񱩣ѹ
Хһǵأǰѳɱ˹ȥ
û˵ҲЦǸЦ磬ն䣬Ӳ
µϢˣҲֹ
ӵǰֲţͱǸߵܰԳӣȴκδ׵ĸоһȻĸоߣӦĲŶԡ
ڳˣŷǲǸˣеʧ䣬лڵĻǲܵõġ
ǸӦŷǵ뷨Ǹ˵һȺ֪ôСھһױԹǣȻǻߣܿǾȻõֱһЦŲţǽ͵ǵУһ¶Ҫ
Ǹǳ˵ĹŷǶЩ졣
ǰѵǡսһ֣˵
սĻֵǿߣȻǻʡ֮УǳǿƵһߣǺܴ󣬺ܶ˲֪
ҿɲҳǰЦ˵
սһЦȻ˵ʲýҺǸ쵰һ𡣡
ҪҪüһ֪ƺΪ쵰Ļ֪ʲôءʴЦ
սû˵ֻɫ΢΢Щм
ŷ΢΢üȻ֪Է˵Ļ쵰˭ǲˬͬһֱҪս˺ˡ
ܵŷĿ⣬սת˹ŷһۣӣǿҺܲˬ𣿡
㺰˭أŷŭ
սһЦ˵Ҳܺӣ
ŷƣһҪߣһǹģһ㽫
ףСһǿѪ֮壬ǸϼһϢҲǹżҴˡһӳ֣˹ŷһۣɫ¶һĨ⡣
ŷ翴˻һۣ΢΢ͷǺܹ
ø߰Сһ˼ҵǲЩϲװƣ˼ҲʴЦ˵
ͬԼ˵һһ㶼ǳһ˵ӡ
˲ŷЩ˵
ʣȻ˵⵹Щ⡣
ŷۣʴЦǹսȴЩЦãǻĺܺ˵ĻͲкˣСҲʴЦ
ضҪˣµɱϯأ涼ڲ
һֿµľɽӱ飬׹䣬ճһƣȫ飬򣬲ڡ
ŷٴεˣ±꼰Ƕֿܣǻ̲סһ
ҷеʮ֮һƣҲη֣ڣûǸʸ񡣡ʴ
²޾һһ˹ȥ䣬ÿһƶܹնɱһ
һ쳹硣һԹǶдޣҪһ㡣
оһ˵֪Ϊʲôˡ
ɫЩӣ겻ѣ뵽ʲôһ
ޡ
һ֣𶯹Žδ
һߣͬʱһҲһʣ졣
ûʲôԺ޵ģԼ飬Ҫеֺ޸ƨ˵һ㶼ֱӿ
ʵĻԹ񱬷䣬Ȼǻ߶ӡ
Ӱһ㡣ʺгѹ䣬ֱӿ档
һը绯ޣˣ޷סʵĳҲɳȥ¶һĨ۵ɫ
챦ǼʶˣЩ쵰ǻֵĻҽǵȥرǸֻ֣ӿǿ󣬶ԿסЦе˵
ңһŭ𣬰˱ʳ֣Ϣ죬ɱȻŻʡ
˵Ҳңһ⣬ʵ
ɫ˱ʲ˵֪ʣ첻µز£Ļʲô鶼ܹ
ʣҪŻ˼Сѣ˼Żġһţϳֱ֣԰˱ʣһԥûС
⵹ҲǣԲˣС˱ۣԺˡʴЦ
ŷоһţ˵Լͬ飬ѵͬ飬Ȼǻʲɣ˵ıֿ֣Ժܴ


1517 ˻
ǳ𣿡˱Į˵
ɱһԣţԣɫĮ
һͻ֣ƽ죬ţϣɱȻδţϳ֣һצŷ£Ҫŷɱ

һȴգֱƽ𻢻˹ȥ

һ죬צײһȫˡ
һսݡճ֣ս죬Żƽ𻢻ʣɨȥȫǲݵӡ
ƽ𻢻ʱһХһһͷͻ֣Ȼ񣬵ȴޱȣų˹ȥ
Ҳҳ
Ц˿⣬һҳֱӽͷͻ顣
Ȼһƽ𻢻ʳȥûκμɣеֻǾԵĿµֶֹΣڻǺġ
ߣϣ֮ǵеĶԾأ˴Ħ͸龰Ȼǻߣû뵽
ֶΣȫǼ򵥴ֱĿɿڴû˿С
ǲɷϣֱֶΣȴǳЧƽ𻢻ֱӱһֲӦʱҪѾɨϡ
ۡ
Ȼǻ߶ѪˣɳȥϳѺۣ˲ҽһ
л߶ĿɿڴЩͬŻƽ𻢻ʣֱӱɨɵĻߣĲ࣬˵ΨһһҲࡣ
ƽ𻢻ʴŭΣ۳һѵն
ĺá
մЦ˳ȥ쳣ֱӲǿ춯أʵϢѹʮأ˶һֿµܡ
ƽ𻢻ͬ䣬أХ񷣬µɱⱬ˺ء
յͷ­׼Ԫ

ղܣȻֱӭ˹ȥͬʱһҳĿҲʱƽ𻢻ʵԴһ֮£ջǻƽ𻢻ʾҲˡ
ʶһ㣬ƽ𻢻ʴһӣȻסյһ
ֻǲִ֮䣬޷㾡ȫеĵһ㱻ɳȥ߼ͷУֱӱ飬Ѫģ
ϲģҾ֪㲻ʲôƨϻҿ㻹ǽƽˣĵӣҲͺһղм˵˹ȥϴһĨЦ˵ʲôƽ𻢻ʴŭ
˴˳ЦȻܲˡоΧЩߵ񣬶ڳԼһŭ˼㡣
ɱ
бµɱճٴһնüġ
Ҳһһȥ
ߣȻֶΣʿЦá
ҾͲ㲻㿪ƽ𻢻ʾãԼһֻҪֵһ㿪
һ̹ȥԵ÷ǳᶨ
۾дһĨЦעԷʲô뷨һȥȻʲôٹܡη壬һ㶼ںԼһ
ģ쵰ͷƽ𻢻ףֺԼһ㶼һͲԼ¡
ƽ𻢻Ȼֻ֮ҪŻһΣȻԼһӣڿĺпҪʯ١
ֽȻǻƽ𻢻ʲԸ⿴ġѾվʿ۷壬ųƲ࣬ȻҪ
Իƽ𻢻ˣȥƴŰһ
ۡ
ƽ𻢻°ɨûˣɳȥѪȾ񷡣
ɫ΢䣬һĴе̫ˣֱӽɨս˵һֲܿ顣
ΪȻǿ󣬺ųƲ࣬ȴԼ۷壬һǵ۷Ϊᱻϡ
ܶߣڲеġ
ס֣䡣Ȼöˣǻƽ𻢻ȴ֪ȷʵûһսˣֻ䡣
ˡ
ЦҪ֡
ڴʱһϵӰ֣סա
ÿ˵
붷սʥʸһ棬˻ƽ𻢻ʰɣһεǻƽ𻢻ʲԣһͽǸЦ˵ǳ͡
һһЩһڻоǽʺ˵ıȽϺãͷҪҡЩͷ˵
һҲһˣҺΪͷˣ治࣬յĵǸо
Ǹߣ̲סЦ˵ͷСе˼
ƺΪСԵ÷ǳȻûκһ¶ɫţϸ߹վյߣЦ˵սʥ벻ҪλǰʣΪǿĻߣҲʸϵĻ֮һ
ʣ۾һ䣬ͻȻ¶һĨЦҪҲɱҲУʲôô


1518 ֮
Ҫôģǵһ˶ɫŹ֣ڹŷ磬ͬеĵͷƾɶʲôôûУҪԷĻʶѣѵ˭Ҫ
Ҷǻߣ˵˭ء
ʶһ£ȻЦãһۣȻʧЦ˵ĵǾõѷе˵ѵͷɣһ֮͸ˡ
һүǣҪʲôʵĻЩˬֲŮˣҪʲô֮
ȴûз֣֮ĸ˵֮ЩгȵرǵյĻ֮󣬸һĿɿڴǻǵһμˣ˻߾磬Ȼ֮ʶһӡ
ٴη㶣Ȼ
ʦҪˣǻжҪ٣λǰʦӦˡ·ŷվܾҲ׵⽹ۣһʱ䷴ӦϽһ䡣
Ŷܹʦµʵ
ŷݺݵĵͷȻ˵ԣǰҲҪ࣬ʮ˶Ϳˣȿȣٵٵˣûʲôϵġ
ۡ
ܶ˲һҪѪʮ˶䣬һΪ֮ܲײ
Ȼ֪֮ʲôȴԼͽܵģ֮ʲôöĻŷԲֵ
յӦЦе˵ȻҾǿˣʮ˶УүӲø̫ˡ
ţϿЦãվһʦͽסˡ
ʮ˶ûУֻ䣬ֻһģȻ˵ɣ࣬Ҳûˡɫÿû˵
֮˶¶Ľɫ
ʣֹӡ
վɵҲ֪νĴ֮Ǻöеĺö߶ĶȻǷοһ㶼ɵһ˾̫ˡ
ȻҾΪѵ°ɣүģԺҲϼ䣬Ҳ⡣Ц˵һǿӡ
ʣ
λ˲֪µĻߣʱҲ֪˵Щɶˣʦͽʲô˵ء
֣֮Ȼͷƽ𻢻˵ˣһ
ƽ𻢻ɫ࣬ʱȴҷΪʾһʱٺղͻĻ͵ڵˡ
֮УûмˣԸʵģһʣһƽ𻢻ܹоռֵĻȻˣʱԲ꣬Ͳܶȥ
̫Ծˣ˵˻߲ܹԻ֮µʿ֣ôһ㶼ԡʿ˻ƽ𻢻һۣЩ˵
ǰǸСɱһƽĲǿߡƽ𻢻˵ɫдһĨŭ
µԼ㲻Ҫٶ˵ˣԺٷĻøղλѳ֣Գѹ㡣ʵ˵
ʵĻƽ𻢻һݣϽףͷʾӦ
ˣһ㵽סĵطòŻȥɡ΢΢̾Ϣ˵һ䡣
ƽ𻢻ʶʱ¶ϲɫսʧȥ㣬ĻпܻӭꡣǺһǾͲһˣʵʵЩҳ֣԰ˡ
һΣƽ𻢻ʶʣĸмˡ
лǰһλƽ𻢻ĵлȻ͹ŷԣҲһȫмˣʣǳм
ʵͷû˵
ʱһŷߣЦеʵͽܣ֮ʲô
ĺöߴʦǿжɽ٣ɾ͵ĻߣǱȫѹեˣΪ˴֮ԲЩʧȥǱΪеٮٮߣܹߵľ硣ŷЦе˵
ʵЩû˵ΪڳЩߵ졣ֶΣȫ֮ǱȫյڣʵһС̨ס
ģ֮ÿһС磬ʵ̫ˣΪѾߵеļޣһУѶȣƿֲ
һС̨ף˵쳣ġʵһ֮ЩߣһС磬ϲˡ
ȻǺöʮ˶䣬Ǿ͸ˡմЦ
ĻҪһ䶼ɵãοʮ˶䡣ʵ֮޾ԼĻߴɵģʹ챦ȣ̶ȣҲǲġ


1519 ֻأ
ŷ紫֮󣬻Լص磬û˵Ҫʹôֻ֮Լ
ʵϣĻߣܹȡŷĴǲû¶κɫŷ֮Ук֣ܶǰ˱ʺͻƽ𻢻ʵˣɱ˹ŷ硣
һȺ֣߳ƽȻٳ֡
ȻȻǺų챦ʻ֮£Ҳ
رǿʳ֮ƽ⻪ȫʧȥ˷âڱһּɵʡ
챦ǿ󣬵ûƿأʵҲ൱һĻߣĿ´ڣԵЩˡ
챦УҲǼǿһͬˡ
αʲôԹء䣬ȫ³㲻һʿڣ΢΢̾Ϣ
ȲʩԮ֣ʲȻ¡¡Ȼֻһѵȴ͸ϰ
ҵҲҵȵΣʱ޷֡ҡͷ
ţЩȣѵ䣬һĻʲôϵ𣿿һԹ޵ӣȻǵ飬ʲô
ǿЦһʵǿ󣬿ͨ쳹أȻ˵Լ֣ܳˣһ˿ʵ죬䣬㾹Ȼ˵ʱԼΣǿЦЦԹޡ
˶Ծףǿ޵еʣģȻһ˿߾죬ֲûᱻɱ
Ȼų޵еĻδܹסʵǿ߻ɱﵽ˻ʵ죬ȫʰһͬ޵Сֲӵ챦ʶ䣬г𣬵ǿߣҲͬǶ֡
飬㲻ѹԹˡʿЦҪͣȴ˵Щǲ˵ڵģֻźر䶯
ߣúǷϻ뿪ڡ
С
ʷǳᶨ˵
˻һŭ˵ȻˣҾսһر飬ȻұɱҲҪΪҵֻع
˵仰ϱ񻪣գȫǻ絶ޱȡ
㲻ߵģŭ
𣿡е̡
һȻ¶ɫŭң
һʱһֲõĸоȻʶȻɫĶȻǷǳ鷳ġ
ûʲôҲãֻظհɡϿµϢӣһطȥ
䡣
Ǹطը飬ʧŷǺȻķ֣һ֮ϵϢ֣˾㤡
ֻ𣿺ֻеƣȴ߸ϣϡùŷɻǣԼڣһֻƬֻصĻڵֻƬʲô
ֻظգҿǻʲôȥңټЦȻҪ뿪
ɫѿȴҵȫǸطȥ
ʱǹֻܲˡ
˾ߣһһֱֻץס
ϻ쵰ſҡȻȻǱŵˡ
ԹԵĸһȥɡֻסһһֱץߡ
˱ɫһͬʱһҪסֻ֡
ȻڶԹҲһ챦Ƕ챦еԹܹΪԼı
ԣܶ챦
ݻҲ֣Ҫ
ͬʱƽ𻢻ҲҪ֣ȴʵסˡ
߰˫һȭһУȭ
Ųʻ˻ʿһۣȴûгֻ֣ɫЩŹ֡Ľһһ㡣
һЦ⣬ǸνֻسȥţҲһǸֻء
ԥһ£ûг֡

ֵֻ˱һץסȻݺݵɨ˳ȥ
µĵλȫɳȥ˰֮⣬˶ˣѪ
Ǽ𺳵һĻų޵еĻߣһ֣ȴסԷǸֵʵ¡
á
ŷֹһ䣬лǽĿͶŷ硣
ʲ֪ʲôʱվ˹ŷǰ˵λûбҪһСƽϰɣ
ߡ
һ뿪ľȻǰߣŷЩ⣬Ȼð߲Լ֣Ǻйϵ
Ѿ뿪ݻߺͰ˱ʣҲʣͬʱһת뿪
СӣԺ²Ҫôߵ֪㲻£ЩҲеĶöһ֣ڵ㣬ʱ޶ʴ


1520 ս
лǰ̻塣ŷͷҲףԼеˣϾԷǻߣҪԿĿ϶
ȻԻסŷ磬վһֱ
ٵＸǿߣŬԼΪڹŷ˵Ҫġ
ţ׾ͺãҲ̫ڽǷĻǧҪʴЦһ
ǰΪҪ˵ЩŷЩʵ
һңϣӦϢӦŮЦ˵
ԭԭ򣬹ŷȻͷλӣһǵɽ綫ŮһϽ󽫣ȴ¡
ʥŮ
Щȡ
ŷͷͬʱɻʵǰʶӣ
ʥŮһŮҶͷҪ׷ֻǵʱ޷磬ԲûгСЦе˵
ŷ֮䣬ȻһΪУЦá
ˣİɣҿɲʥŮȥҲЦ˵ת뿪
ŷһҲȥһȴֹǡ
֮£ҪʵжǶĴڵĻŷ˭ҲҲ
ǹӦһȻ
䡣
Ǹطսǿ˱ɫǻսһȺս
νֻ˶һۣԷеľ
ڴʱһӰ˳ȥȻǰ˱ʣŭһը飬Ԫ񶼳ˡ
˺ȻһôӵĴսһߣǣܵµشҪ֪ղųֵˣɲֹһʰʮ𣬻µĴڣȻܴˡ
ۡ
һ֪Ļߣͬɣֻǲ˱ңҲǻԡѪһըˡ
˺Ȼ⵽һʲôӵôô
ɱ
һ޴ĹӰѹ䣬ŭֿµܣء

һ죬ͻȻʩչأߣһͷԳͬʱ⣬һ𶯣
䡣
һ죬Եˣȴǳңٴγȥֱ֣Ȼǻߣ̲סɫ
䣬ֿµս⣬Ǹоֲ
սʥʲеģҲֻˣʸֳɻʣ˴֮֮ղԼǱպﵽӾ磬ӵ
Ǹʱ򣬿ڻУҲǾԵٮٮ߰ɡ
ǳ׹䣬·
ţϳ֣ǳµĹ켣һÿһŴǣĿܡ
ǳʵǾˣȻǣ̲סĿ
ֻţҲûȡʲôЧըɳȥ
һХϹ⣬һȭתŽδ
Ȼûκνˣ˺öಽ
գﱻߵͨûȫֻ֣ءǿǵص£һƬ貣˿͸
ŷͻȻӦԶһۣһòͨһ˲ʧŷ磬һֵĸоѵԼˣǸҲ˵ĻνֻأҲ̫ˣôˣǸ˾ȻҪ֡
֮£ȫ뿪컯硣һʣгϣ͸ղŵĺ˵ȫһĿǡ
ûһԥսڣȫתߡ
֪뿪ʲôǲܿġ˵Ҫʲô飬Щ֮µʿ޷ܵġ
ߡ
ŷ˵Ȼתߡ
սǶһȫ뿪
ںܶ˵һһģǹŷȴѾ֪ˣԼʦõ֮Ҳõ׻ʴУӵһǿĹţ˵Ѿ㹻
ȫڹŷһ˲䣬ɱ˹

ŷ翪ڣʩչ׷ֱӶԺ˹ȥ
һƬըܶʿ꼰һЩֱ
ŷŭĿɨ˹ȥʥỢǿ֣߳͵Ϯŷ硣Һùŷ׼ȻĻҪش
ɱ
ԥɱȥ
ͬʱԯݺҲ˹ȥ
׷Ȼõˡ˾ŭӡ
ͬʱԯݺˣҲʼ׹ҫۣչ˹ﻯһƬ׺ëȻ
ǿ߲ɱŷսۣʩչ׷ûȻֻʩչޱȣ۴Ĳҽ
¶ֵɫΪ׵硣


1521 ɱ
ȻҪ׵Ȼ֮֮Уһ׵ȴĿǡ
۰ķǳ죬սֲʮУ㱻ŷشԴˡɫޱ䣬תӣŷȴͲŹԷֱɱ˹ȥ׵һֱۣҪɱ

۾ŭŷסӲȥ֮£۸оԼ壬ԽԽ
ʵ˻𣬱ѾڻʣҪվеľߣǴʱȻҪˣû
ʱ򣬰Իʳ֣֣۵ǰ
ѣҡ۴󺰣һϣ
Իҡͷ˼޷־㡣
ʲô
סˣû뵽Իʻ˵ĻŭˣԻʣ֮ѣ㾹Ȼң֪벻ԸǼˡ
ԼĿԣҲ˵ǴӴԺҰ岻ݺ֡ԻҡͷԶȥһ˼ûС
۳ɵˣ˻
ͷɣڶڰ˵ӦѡŷЦüķ⣬罣նֱӽɱ
սţƽ𻢺ʥҲˣֻǲһԿƣߵķǳݡ
뿪ķ򣬹ŷû׷ɱһۣѾ㹻ˣҪնɱ֣Ͳܡ
۱׷ԵĿƣʵϾҪɵۣеô򵥵ġ
ϾǽڻʵǿߣվʿˣܹɱĻǲء
Χʿ˵г˾ηΪûһﵽ߽ףǶǳ£̫ǿˡ
ҲԻ֣ȴûж֣ڲ²⣬֪ʲô顣
ŷûߣڵյˡ
ʵڳǿߣûߣǶڵȴЩ߳Ҫ컯Żڣȴеֻż컯֮Уɱ⣬ȻܲסֻҪ˾ͻᱻ
һùֱӱԪڷ
ŷǶԶԶĻôʱ䷴ӦֻǶ컯еǸӺˡ
ֻأŷ֣ڵֻƬͻȻ΢Ĳһ£Ҳֻһ£ƽ
ȵŷ۲ʱʲôӦûˡ
۲˰죬ʲôûиоŷҲ׷ˡջȴ
һٶʱ䣬ڷ˵㲻϶̣Ƕʿ˵ֱ˵ǵָһ˲䡣
ڳֻ֣ȫɫÿԪһ˶𾪣ǾЩ˼飬ʲôӵĿ´ڣһȺߺĵز
ֻأٴѹˡһ˵
ڳʿĻȴףֻأ˵кһȼĴڣȻѹˡȻ߿޵Уܣȴûܹ
ǰֻֻ𣿡սʵ
˹սһۣЦ˵⣬㲻ҪңҲ˵
һ㶣ѵֻػмٲɣ˶к棬ȴѯʣΪǰˣǸ߸ϵĻߣƺܺ˵˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱ᲻˵
սûеõԼҪĴ𰸣ȴʧ䣬ֻŶһԵú⡣
ͽܣ߰ɡ
ɫѪǾȴһµĵزŷãԼʦûи֮ǰ¶û͡
á
ŷͷˣһ뿪
˺Ѵϣ뿪Щ߶һԼ뿪ʣµȺǿߣһһеϡͿġ
Īȴʲôûз֣ǿһ챦ȴԲܹġ
ҡҡͷȥ룬ת뿪
컯ŻرգڴʱһӰֱ֣û컯Сǹŷ϶ܹ֣Ӱ͵ɱǸԳƵ۾ļһǳơֻһѾŷնɱˣȻһ
ҸղźӦе۵ߵϢתɫ΢΢ЩԻ
֮УΨһڵĵ۵ߣֻһ֮ǰЩˣһЩֶΣҪ߽ӻˣҲĵ۵ߣǵߵĺʹˣǾô£ĹУ̫ʵĴС
ɣֻһ۵ߣδع飬ǸӦˡԯݺЦ˵
΢΢˵ͷҲԼǸӦˣϾҪǻع飬ܹ֮ܵ⣬֮䣬ûĵߡ
ŷһ˿⣬ȴûץסЩһָо۵ĻһȫȷģǺʲô


1522 ۾
ŷ˼ûߡ
˶Щ⣬˹ŷһۣΪʲôֹ
۵ߣҲ֪Һնɱһ۵ˡŷԥһ˵
һ㶣ȻЩʵ۵ˣ֪ʲô𣿡
۾
ŷ缫Ϊᶨ˵
ȿȡ
ͻȻҿǱԼĿˮǺסһ
զˣŷЩɻʵ
Źŷ磬Цʵ֪۾˭𣿡
ֱҡͷŷȻ֪۾ݣǿ۵ı֣νĵ۾ǳ͡
۾ʵӦǵǵеһ޵Уɨ޵֣Ȼ𣬶˵ܹʤۿЦ˵
ԭ۾Ȼͷһ𣬹ֲԾ
ɱֻһŷ˵
ҡͷɫأЦ˵ܣ۾Ȼһлܻߵսʹֻһع飬ҲԲĶ֡
ŷ絹һ۾Ȼǿ
ֻǣǸ񣬳ƺԼΪ۾Ȼġ
ǣ۵ĻҲеǵ۾ĻŷĲĶ֣һܹܻߣȻĵأŷҲĶ֡
Ǹ񵽵˭ŷɻ
񣿡۾ȵ˵һ䡣
ǰһֱͽĴӦǴ˵еԳԼΪ۾ŷͷ˵
ֱҡͷЦ˵֪˵˭ˣǵ۾ʵϵ۾壬ǸӦǵ۾ֻһӦв֮ģȻԼ˵š
ԭŷЦãΪԼնɱһĴءû뵽Էֻǵ۾һùŷеơ
ҲСڱ֮ǰǵ죬ڵҲǿˣȻ۾ʵҲ൱ǿ󡣡۽͡
죬Ӧ죬Ȼǿ
ĵ۾ﶼǵǿߣĽĿƣһĨһս⡣
ʦòҪս˼ҰɣŷЩ˵
ŷĻհһۣû˵㿴ʦôɵ𣿳ǳΪ߾죬ȻĻҿûǸȥ
˵ȻеأҲࡣ
˴Ц
ǱֹסЦݣŷɫ΢΢Щأ˵µĲĻղûиӦղǸˣӦֻǿϧҲ޷컯ˡ
һ컯ĿʵЩǰģҲµĲĻмһЩʲô顣ͬ˸ž⡣
˶һۣԷеء
Ǻ͵߻عйϵ鷳ˡտЦ
ȻͬսʥߣʱҲЦ߻ع飬鷳̫ˣ߶Ծ»Შ硣
ҪƽദǾԲܵģעȾѪ췭ظ
ĵߣǿ϶ᱯߣ֮Ҫбߵһս϶ᱬ
ʱȻǻߣ޷Ա»䲻١飬Ҳһʧ롣
Թ̫ûа취˿Ц
뵽ѪȻǲܵġ
ʱֻһһˡ߲ܷڻߣǲãΪþͺܱܿ
Щ飬Ӧùĵģи߸ӶţǻǲҪˡЦе˵
յĻ߶Ҹ߸ˣɴ˿ɼжôĿ¡
Ҳ֪˵еǵʵҪȥЩ飬Ȼе㲻ܡ
ԣֻܹ
ʦмҪ㡣ŷ粻صĻ⣬ֱӾת˻⡣
΢΢Щɻ˹ŷһۣȻһ⣬˵ǲǺʹ֮йϵģ
յĻۺԯݺҲ˹Ҳ֮ĹãǹŷȻӦǻб˵
֮ĹЧֱʳȥе㱩ʦҵĻͽ֮ҴҿʦȶͬʱһС硣ŷЦе˵
ȶһС磬յ۾ɴˣԯݺ˵鶼ɳˣ磬жѣ붼֪лߣһСУͣ޾¡
ǹŷȴܹյĸһС磬̫ˡ
á
ֱӴӦ˽ԼͽܣûʮİգԲ˵ղŵĻ
ллʦŵӡŷЦԼʦΣǸж


1523 ҩ
ϾϵյδȴķĵĽԼһִΡϾŷ粻ǻߣȻԼ⣬˭Ҳ˵壬Ͼŷ粻ǻߡ
ʲôҩʺõģҲһΪɡЦ˵
ʵϣΪѾ죬ٶȲǿ죬ҲԲǱ־ܹսµˡ
ţԣȴ֮һ㣬ܹҿΪֱӽ죬ûһ㸱á˷ﵭ˵
ģ
оһʵϸղҲֻǿЦģȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ֪жǵΪ
ȻģĻȽϿ̣Ƿǳҵġŷ絭˵
ʵ
ʬϣߵߵʬϣԹҪָǰȴʧܣճɢ֮ǰγɵһᾧŷЦ˵
ΰ£Ķʵ̫ˡߺ͵ߵʬ壬ҪԹԹɢγĶ±ȴ֮Ҫ죬ѵõ
ôֶ˿Ц
ȻУֹһΣֻǺܿϧ֣㱻˲ժȥˣӦǻΪԼĺ׼ģǾͲҪˡŷҡͷ
ƲƲ죬ùŷһǹģ֪ܵõĶȻԼȥңֱˣء
ˣҪˣ֮䣬ȻнݾΣҲûԼʵڡŷЦ˵
˵仰ŷһ⡣
˾ȣŷӣȻˡ
ˣ۾ȵ˵
ŷҡͷǶֻһЩ⡣ֻǴϿ²һЩѡ
վԼģ;ŷ˵
ŷǰãԼȻ֤ûνƿƵжٵܹӵжôǿΪ޼ɵĳŵرǹŷֱڲףŵرվȻ￴ûʲôǹŵر˵һ£ԼʵȥԺ˵żĺô
ŹŷĻڷ⣬˵ڣͷų߲ܶȻǣЩ𾪣ŷ쳣û뵽Ȼܹͷųôʡ
˵ԽߵԽԶŷ罫Լһߣ·ӵԶˡ
á
մϲ
ڿƹŷΪ½ˣ˸ոճΪϹŴ״̬֪ŷԺΪķǳ죬ں̵ܶʱڣٴν硣ŷڵΪȻ½ˣһսȴӿˡ
ǽ磬ŷ翪ʼ׼Ϊ֮һ£ܹĻߣػܡ
ȴ𡢰ʡڤȫȻ飬쳣֣ء
ȻܹԼǱ޸һܹһ磬һ˵˺ܴʵ
ŷɫأóҩɴ֮ƶɣҩʵĹ˸ԼԿ΢͵档
Щ㶣ֵҩʹǣδʶ
ĵҩո̾
ŷͷȻ˵ʦ𣬽ҩȥȻſеģҪκεֿ
û⡣յͷ˵Ȼֱһڽŵҩʳȥ
䡣
˲䣬յ壬㱱һһĻ棬յϱһ
ֻܿ£ЩΪߵˣܵһΣա
ԭʼ֮СӴҵģڤԾʵ
һڻ֮ģͱշˡŷЦе˵ɫдһĨ⡣
ЩͣʱҲУеõԭʼ֮𣬴ʱóʥҩ
ʵϣԭʼ֮Ҳܰҩ
һۣŷ翪ʼ֣һһϢ룬ûյС
յ΢΢һǰĻһ籡ˡŷһǻǱ϶군ˡ
˲ԼЩǱУûб
һԴϵ亹ŷһղŲһ㣬ЩͳĻ군ˡ
ʱеĻ棬ȫ£壬ڳĶǸˣȻܹյڣڷ˾춯صı仯


1524 
ճΪߣڼȱûн׵ĿˣǴʱбЩǱܣȴ˲䲹䣬׳ǱܡȻˣӴδġ
ô̲ס
ڳߣһĻȫ¶𾪵ɫ
ôˣŷ̲סʵ
ҩһ磬ҿЩҩ֮յʵܹ۷塣ڤ𾪵˵
ŷЩȡ
û뵽ڤ澹Ȼжϡ
۷壬Ҫ֪ڵʵһ죬Ҫ죬С硣С磬Ļ˵ͬǵһ㣬ԿԽοȱǱܵˡ
ôܣʦֻܹ죬пֹͣڻ߶۷壬ôһࣿŷüͷ
ЩʧȻǺ£Ƕһҽ˵ȴδԸһ㡣Ժ󣬽Ĵһ㣬Ҫ鷳
㰴ʲô׼ģڤɫŹ֡
ҵΪǽ߾֮Ҫŷԥ˵
˶һۣԷе𺳣ⶫܹ
ǵɫŷ˵ʵԼҲ֪׼ȷ׼ȷֻǾãŲɡ
ŷЩ˵ͻȻãԼе̫Դˡ
ȿȣǲֱ࣬ǲ̫ˣһֱһ̬ȴЦ˵
ģûд㲻֪߾һЩֻ٣ûж࣬Ҳ˵߾һ㹻ʦСˡ̾
ԭŷԼҲЩɵۣ֪ԼǱ󣬿϶ǳԽǵģȴû뵽Ȼôࡣ
һ㹻ģǴȥĻʵ̫ˡ
¹ŷĵˣҪ֣Ƚŷɵ˵һֳɳʵ̫ˡ
㣬ҲһεĽ᳹׸дˡȴĿо
ʲôŷʵ
ȴ𵭵һЦȴʲôû˵
̲סһۣŷû˵һôʲôʲôģӣҾ͵ۡ
ʵҲЩ϶̫ˣϧҲܸ㣬ΪҴӦǡʿһۣЦ˵
ŷƵһЦҲ֪ڿЦЩ飬Ǿòܸģ϶㹻ɡ
䡣
ط죬ŷһʱ뿪ҲһȻڱĻΪԼĵֿӰ쵽յ
Ƶ嫺һ㣬û
Ȼߣڵĵطľ¶ȵɫֹ⾰ֵҩЧеĻҪ
ǿ˹ŷһۣڿһ
ŷȻʲô˼ʼ磬Щ۵˵ҪңʵҲ֪Ϊʲôӡ
߿Цãڤǵ˹ŷһۣеϹˡ
ŷͷû˵
֪ԼһΣеˣȫûãҪճʲô⣬ʮΣ顣
Ӧû¡ŷһ£Ȼ˵
λߵͷȻŷһϹֵɣǶڹŷ磬ǻǷǳŵģȻ˵û£Ӧû£ϣûж˱ȹżҵĴ˸ӵȨ
ڴʱһֻ£Ȼڵĵط
Ǹһ
ŷһ̾쵽˵ݣֵĻ棬ߴʱȻٶȽ٣Ҫƻյ
סŷ󺰡
ڤ˳ȥסֻ֣еĲȫɢˣ˿ûӰ쵽յ
ֻڤҲһȻЩ
ɻʵʱ̫ˣȻŲˣվȶԷ˲٣ٸһЩ£ڤܹΪٮٮߡ
棬ʵδڤ֮ϣǻȴҪκμɵڤһҪ˼ɵ֮ನᲨյϡ

ڤֱӳ˹ȥս˻С
䡣
˱ʳ֣ͬա
ʱɫҲȥס˱ʡ
һߣԼ˵һŷŭϣŭЩ˼ںģǽΪ㸲ˣǾˡ
ССϣ㶮ʲôݻ֣߳ɫĮȻȴЦһս
ȴüͷһ壬Ȼ˵Ҫɽ


1525 
ԲţһսʱһҲ϶⡣ݻЦ
üͷһ壬ȴ˹ŷһۣȻ˵л߶֣ܹס೤ʱ䣿
סһߵĹŷɫڣȴ˵ӡ
ӣȴȻ֪Ƕ೤ʱ䣬˾ݻһۣ˵֮ڣһɱĶӡ
ݻ¶һĨЦݣм˵ߡ
ԶȥͬʱһӰ֡һİĻߣƣŷʱ¶һĨȻɱ
ݵСһҵҪ֪ôסӵĹǸ߿ڣг˳
Ȼʱ䣬ֻӣȴںԷһ߾ϣŹŷԼĶ֡
ɲԲ򣿿λǰ϶һ쳣ֱˣһΪСġŷЦ˵г˹ά
ŷĻǸߵһЦƨ˭ϲȴûȤʼ棬һնɱңұҪɱҵҪ֪Լܳɱ֮󣬻ʲôӵı顣
ǰһߣȻǴ˵еʣֲĽ£ơޣƣǷǳġ
ֻǰһʣڹŷ˵޾ԳϹϵһֻΪɱ˵ġңŷѾ֪ԷԼʼгԹҪƨöԷŹԼȻǲܵġ
һ㣬ŷɫ֣ʣ˵ȻˣͲҪϻˣְɡ
֪ߵغϡ¶Įɫ
˫б⣬ŷǱ߶ȥ
ŷ糤ХֱӴսսףȻʩչԼķŷԥ߽罣Ϊ壬ɨȥ
֮䣬ֱӳһµĽնɱȥ
飬ŷƳȥµĴط⣬סйߣҲһĻһڲס
ʸͲںĿ꣬ա
ŷһ㣬Щ˴Ҫյ鷳ʵҪɱԼɫأղŶ˶Էһȴܹ׶ȥ
ʵϣһߣֻҪδɻʣ˭Ҳ˵ܹߡ
ŷܹһ㣬ѾǾԵˡ
ȻΪǸһЦ⣬ʵϹżҵˣԴеʱûһĵطˡ
ӴżҵһЩˣ֪һȺʲôӵı̬ԵĿ£ûһƲӡ
ŷ磬żǱһһôɱͲˡ
ңǹŷһߣȻʵʵδаٷ֮һٵİ˵Լܹɱŷ硣
ҲֻǺܿϧɱҡŷЦ
Ȼ˵ǹŷȴһ㶼Ҵ⣬ɫأŶԷʱעʵľٶ
ϣǽҶҵһιȻ˿Ȼ䣬һһֻĹȥŷ档
սսױлʵϢգŷ뺣Ȼһֱʩչֻأ˹ȥ
ʹһߣŷҲû˿ȫĴ㣬ѡ˽
ۡ
ֻڹŷϣվûӹȥ˺Զ
壬ֱը飬սս׶һƬ貵ĽɫѪͻʹǣȫΪֻ࣬Ԫδ
䡣
ԪתָŷĿɭȻʵϣЩ˵㻹ûɱҡ
ʵϣʵﵽŷ磬ֻҪǵһʱ佫ԪȫɱĻǺԽɱġ
ǲɱҡŷЦ
УȻһֱȥ׵ϣޱȣƺƵȻǻߣЩľ
״ȻﵽеļޣվûδҪܵѹơ
ԣ嫵ʱЩľ
̶ֳȵ׵磬κҡ˵ֱӳ֣
ǲ
棬һɫĹⱬǼŨ֮ʵ֡
һһָͷը飬Ѫ
￴϶ľǿĻߣųƲ࣬ʱȻˣֱЩ˼顣һ˻ߵˣȻһϹŴûиκδֹֻۣĳ֡
ɫ࣬Źŷ磬ŭҾɱˣҪĥ޾£ãܡ


1526 δɱ
ŭˣɱݺᣬһ˫ӿޱȣڹŷϣҪһ
ŷɫƽʱƽ
ְɡ
ƽ̬ȣ׽ʼŭˡȻ߿ŷһۣУŷȻֻһϡһϣ˺һƽӣޣгŭ
ɱ
ԥٴγ֣ҪĨɱŷ硣
ŷһ̣ȫģһ˷·Խ˹Žδ޾ʱС
δҲǽڹȥ
һּìܵı֣ȴû߶Щ֡
ִӹŷдԽȥû˺ŷһ㡣ʱգݵĽԼڹȥ
ȥ֣Ȼ޷ɱŷ硣
ȻҲһ㣬ɫѿ˵ʱ֮
һֻߣЩʲóʱ֮ԴʱȻһ޴ֵĸо
Уڹȥδʼաŷ絭˵ɫƽ֡
һնʱ飬ɫѿû뵽ԼȻһ죬һС˶Դ
޷κιŷ磬Ϊ޷ҳŷһʱա

ʴŭͻȻĿתա
ŷ׶Է˼һ޳ܣȻЦһ߳˳ȥδڵʱա
ջصһƬʱգŷһѪڹȥδķʽûκδ۵ģʹǿˣʱ֮ɡ
ʵϣʾǲвŷ磬Ҳ֧źܳʱ䣬ʵڹŽδУ˶á

ûκԥָһŻ⸡֣ŷȥͬʱȫŷˣʱȻŷͨҲܶȥˡһߵȫ֣ƿ¡
ŷ𣬳ױҪȥ
ֱӣԼ޷ߵĹȻлҲܵסһߵȫһ
ǣʱȴܲˣֻܹһ
ŷɫѿܵвʱҪһ֪ԼΣգȻ䡣
ʿŷɫеľЦԵ÷ǳ˷ܡ
쵰
һȴһͷԳɴСȻһݺݵʱȫѹŷΣգʱֱӳ֣һԥûС
ߡ
һһִֻȥһѳǹֱ֣յײһ
䡣
µض㸲ˣȴ¶ɫȻܾ˹ŷ磬Ϊʵƣڹŷϡ
ʶһ㣬Ŀѣ쳤Хٴκݺݵһҹȥȫգޱȣ硣
ܶǿ𾪣֪ǿ߷ˣԲܹͷųϢлвݵζ
ȴ⣬֮ǰ׼϶лҪ
еǹ˴ȥײյ棬ٴײһʱʵ֣Ѿȫ˹ŷϡ

մ쳤Х
顣
ŷ˳ȥǣȻδȥˣֻǺɳȥѣȻ룬վ
ôܣסˡ
ŷҲЩ㶣ϲ񣬱˲֪ʲô飬ȴǳ
ʵһϵʱ򣬹ŷڵֻأͻȻһƬסһߵһȻûȫסԷȴŷ絲סپŲĹ
ʣµһ㣬սս׵Ȼŷһķϵ
ŷվһ
ܡ
ŭܵ˴̼һʮþȵһȻûɱŷ磬ֱΪԼһ
ԥʼ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ҹ

ճ֣ͬʱȴҲֱ֣ӳ֣ɱʡ
ǿͬʣҲ̲סɫջԼ֣Ȼ˷

ֵʷ˳ȥȾѪһ㱬顣
ݺݵĿպȴһۣ֪Լʧȥ˻ᣬתߡ
׷ȥгŭ⣬ԼչЩţһɱԼĵӣһսʥʣץˡ
ҪɱʣȻɱԷҲҪʳһѵ
֮󣬰ʺڤ涼ڤһ϶ѪƸһ㡣
ˡڤЩŭ˵
վʵ̫㣬ȻĻơȴ˵
ߣɫǺܺÿ
ŷصһСǳ⣬ǾԻץġ


1527 
Һùŷû¡߶һۣԷһĸо
ǿŷԲܳ⣬ڱֳǱҪΪߣܹɨ֮еǿߣʶ𾳽硣
ţСĺͣסӣȻһЩΪڻʵǿߣҲδܹȴ͵
ŷЦ˹ȻЦͲһ㣬Ҿͱʸɵģ쵰ʼȻҳ֣ǲҪ
ŷıԹȴ̲סЦ˳ȻɫЩ˵ʵҪʼ鷳ʵȴֻСˡ
ԭҲӲĲݰŷĲޡ
ݵѾһЩ飬Ҫˣ֮УӦûвݰġȴ𲢲Ǻͬŷ˵
ңҲףȻŷʼгԹ֪Է֮ҲǾԲȥҹŷʼ鷳ġ
Ϊǲ鷳ֻ
սһ֮ӣޱȣᴩʱޱȡˣȻȴҲֻжĤݵķݡ
ϣǲݰҲãûɱҡŷЦǷǳ⣬Ӧ˵Ǹ˲ŶԣȻӹһߵĻɱκβǻߵʿ˵ⶼһֵý顣
ʦһˣҪԿͷˡȴ뿪ķһۣȻЦ˵
ȴᵽգŷЩĵʵʦʲôɣʵʵʦ֮¡
ʵŷ˵ʵʵջҪϾղԼ֣ܹ׵סյĹ
һģֻûӦԼʵӦ֮νʣĶ֣ʹҲҪһƤڤָȻЦ˵
ڤĻŷ¶ĵɫȻ˶˵ղ£ǾͿ϶¡
ڳߣȫ쳣׵֣һԼȳ϶ģԹŷҲͳ׵ķˡ
ǵĻ֮һԡѪӰ˳
˵ӵʱ˶һŷǾȵʵʦû°ɣ
ճʲô⣬Ͻ߹ȥշס
˹ŷһۣһЦû°ɣʦҺõĺݣҴʲôӳһԽǣŵѪȴɢ쳣ʥϢ
ֿµϢ̺ſµԪ
ǣŷ羪
˵ŷҲ֪νǣ϶ʵġû뵽׷ɱʣȻԷǸˡ
̫ˣʦֵĶҵһˡŷϲ
Ҳ֪ŷҪԼʦְ»ߣǸгĴڣʵϣҲϣ»߸һǿ߸յĻһʵǷǳ
ѾҵһˣҵʣµĶԸ»ˣȲҪʶһ°»ߵķɡȴ𣬶̲סдһĨ
ŷû˵ֻ֣صĽʵĽǽ˹֣صľϹʦҴʦлл㡣
ʦͽˣ㻹˵ôʲôŰɣԺҪлĻһ㽫ʣµĲ϶롣Ц˵֣ùŷ粻Ҫ
лʦ𡣡ŷл
˵ʵһҪллأڵʵѾ˻۷壬㾳磬Ҳֻһ֮ңˣʦڵһʵǰˡմЦ
ˣոǸоԼıԴ䣬ĹǰȫһһָоԼڵǱܣʵǳԽǰġ
ʦͽˣ˵ʲôллŷյĻ˵
ʦͽһۣԷеЦݡ
ˣҪˣյʵոҪȶһ£ңҪȥЩһȴоһ
ǰΪ˹ŷ飬ҪôԺȵҵٻ߾磬ȥǵ鷳Ҳ١ŷסȴ𣬲ҪȥѪƴ
ȴҡͷûô򵥣ҪΪЩǿߣһЩɳĿռ䣬һطһֱҪǡ
˵仰ȴоһ
˵ҪȥǼ飿ڤЩ˵
˵ͷȴĿԶֶʱѾˣٲֵĻ̫ˣ֮УҪһԺƽʱ䣬ЩɳҲҪȥսԼʵѾʺǿˡ
ҲǣǺãǿʼ׼ڤͷ


1528 Ƶ۾˾ˣ
ʲôطЩȵʵ
ȻǻˣǺͼȣʵ̫ǳˣԺܶطն֪
ڵʵѾ֪Щ顣
һֻǿߵսΪǰ䣬ǻᾭնĴսܹԳɳΪǿߡȴ˵
뿪ЩСô죿յĵʵ
ȴ¶һĨЦϢʱҲ̫ˣҲӦöһˣ߶֮ϣȫҪ뿪һȥ죬˭ǲߣ͵ɡ
ȴĻ˶𾪣˭Ҳû뵽ȴ˵ĻҪ֪ЩȥһյأΪǰ䣬еôףл߶Ը뿪
ȴȻ˵ĻĲȻ㹻̡
òûôʵɣڤü
ʵϣȻ֪Ķ֮࣬£ǱȽٵġ
˵ߣ뵽һܣһ˫ȴЩʵ
˵Ǻ͹ŷ֮䣬йϵ˹ŷһۣȴ¶һĨЦݡ
ŷһ£Щ⡣
游֣Ա֤˶Ǹ硣ȴЦ˵
游ŷһܹ뵽ԼǸ游ԲԼ˵ʱΪһˣǶԷȻţƣжǿƣùŷˡ
˭ŷһڿˮʵ
ΪصһϼһҲ̬һϼһҶ֪ʲôȴֻ֪ҪʲôҪæģȥȴЦ˵
˭ģŷЩ
ʶԼ⹫Ȼ˵Ҫæʱ򣬿ȥҶԷЩ
Ƶۡ
ȴһ⡣
ûŷЩ⡣
Ҷˣôһƣ㲻еϤ𣿡ȴЦ˵
ŷһ£ȻһһʲôЦӶɴˣǸˣԼȻݹϵҿܻԼ׾˾ˡ
ȿȣµˣȴЦе˵
ŷͷ׵⽹ۣеš
µˣǲ̫ţ찡׻ҡŷʵǲ֪ʲôȥ˵Լˡ
׻֣˵ĺ塣
ԯݺҪɵˣҪΪŷڵ⣬ΪĻıֱԯݺҪ߶ˡ
ֻһ̣ĻͣסˣΪ뵽һ飬ǻƵۺ֮䣬ĹϵĻԯݺ֮䣬Ͳһˣ˵ƼѼԯݺˡ
ұúԯݺ֮ĹϵŷЩɵ۵ʵ
ȴһֱעķչȻ֪֮䷢ʲôҡҡͷ˵İɣƵȻ⹫ĶӣʵֻӣԯͻƼ֮䣬ûκѪԵϵ
ǰң˵˵һ룬ҺҵʱȽϺáŷ˵
ղĽһԯݺͻƼѼ֮䣬ѪԵϵĻ»ִ鷳ġ
˭СôģΪǼһһ𣿡˹ŷһۣȴû˵
ᵽԼһ˾ˣŷʱ˾̲סʵ֪Ҿ˾ʲôط𣿡
֪ȴͷ
ŷ绹ûüˣȴ˵ǲܸ㣬һİɡ
ŷ磺
ʱ뷨Ҫһ䣬ѵԼ
ǿ˹ŷ뷨ȴȻĵͷģԻģ⹫һŭͷ㱣ס
˵ϣŷ缴ʹƣҲûʲô˵ˣ˵ͷǽҹ⡣
ͽܣҪģպΪȥ֮㻹Ҳ⹫ʱʲôصϼһҪʲôֻҪʵ㹻ҾͲűܹܹ㣬ʱ֮УУеһж˵ܡĹŷļ
ʦѵǡŷɫһ˵
ҲףֻԼʵŲˣٻʵߣҪҵԼĸĸԲһ¡
Ǹ̶ȵǿ˼㣬ҪȥĳЩ˵ĻǾԿҵġ
ˣ˵ôˣ뿪֮ҪԼСģ߶֮ϵ뿪ˣһЩճΪߵˣ뿪Сɱȴһ⣬˵
һ飬иոճɻʵĴڳ֣вŷǣд鷳
һ죬ȻֻǸոս룬ǺȣҲͬ߸վھϵ飬Ųã֮ϵϡ


1529 뿪
ġŷɫȻЩأǻԵúɵġ
ȻһʵǿǶ֣ǶԷҪɱԼҲеļ򵥡
ֻߣʵδȹ̣ҪӵǿƣǲܵģϾڳɻ֮󣬱ƺԼΪսʥʵĴڣ֮䣬ֻʵ
ѹأȥꯣһʵȻδɻʣͨ˻ߡԥһ£˵
ꯣڵɽУͥһսһֱѹԼͷųʵƿ¡
ꯣ⻹к࣬аۣдЩ˵ʵѾﵽ˽ڻʵľ硣
һǿƴͨߣ˵еĴһ֣ܹһĻߡ
֮ڲ꣬ЩһļһҲƴǸܵв϶뿪ԵʱҲҪƴǻ˾Ϳˡ˵
߻ˣֻùŷЦǵͷǽȫҪ˵һߣаյġ
ˣǸˡ
ȴ˼һۣȻ˵
Ĵ뿪ȥҹŷ⹫ŷҲţƵǣʧĺܿ죬ҽеϢĨˣʹʵҲ׷ȥ
ҪڸԼϢʵ̫ˡңŷ绹δΪߣûǸ硣
Ҫ׼ˡŷа뵽
뿪ֱҵԯݺǡ
ŷĻ֮ȫʲôЦҪʧֻлһĴڡ
˵ⲻһغõϢΪ֪ȻмߣǰڣȻǻһˡ
鷳ˡɫء
㸸أѵΪѾһ𣿡̲סʵһۣɻ
Ҹ׽߲ú󣬱ɹ߶죬ʲôʵҲۿЦ
ҲǿЦãΪһ߿̣ڿȴˡ
ģʹл֣߳Ҳõģ޵УȴҪնɱߣֻҪشпشǣǱŷһ⡣
ʵһ㡣ԯݺͷ˵
һȺˣƴشһһ죬ܹģһιŷһһΪۣ˺˱ʣѾˣҲͬš
Ȼ͹ŷ粻һʹõĲǷԼı塣
ôңʵϣߵԲȻûлߣȴһЩɻʵˣǳ֣סһЩ֡ŷɵ˵
ɽǿߣڳ˶֪˵׻Ƶ˭˵ɽǿ֮⣬Ҳûбˡ
һ첢£Щһµ塣ŷЩص˵
ʲô壿ɻ
ֻԯݺɫ΢䣬֪ŷ˵ʲô壬µ壬ū۹;һֱֿ졣
ȻձƷȴ֣ȻˣҲûнɾ;һ˫ʼ棬һأ֮󣬰;һʲôԹ໥֡
ɴ˿ɼ嵽жôĿ¡
ŷĽ֮ڳȫһĿµ壬Ǵû˵
ū۾ѪͰ壬˵ȥֱţ綼Ҫڡȴ֪ŷ粻˵ѣ飬ʵ̫ˡ
찡û뵽ǾȻĹȥ˵ūͣ嵽жôǿǵʼų޵У磬壬ȻҪͰ֣ܹƷԷħ̲ס̾
Զŵ飬˭Ҳ˵ǳ£ǧҪ⣬ˣһҪǣҪԶԶܿŷڳˡ
ʵƺǿߣڳҪ˹ŷܹƺ֮⣬ڳˣûһƺĶ֡
ҴӾƺǸ˵ʵƺУ벻ǿߣ棬иӿµ
ƺѾ㹻µģοĸǿߡ
ҵҪһս˭ǿߡħоһЩԾԾԡ
ž
ޱ飬ֱһħԴϣʹסԴ
ʵһ㣬ˣǸҿҲĹͷ۵˵
۵ĻħͷЩЦãû뵽۵ķӦȻô
ħЩί˵ʦû˵ء
ҵ˼ʦ˼۰Ե˵
ʵϣЩҲָͣһЩСЩСԼ˶Դ뿴⡣


1530 ȫչ
ʦ˼ҵ˼ŷͷ
ΪԼľڸ鿴úأЩǵԼļһȻԸ⿴ǳκ⣬һŷǳ˽⣬۵˼Ҳ˼
еˣɫСǣûҵ£׼˷ͻͬʱΣգȡŷ綣ǡ
Ұȣܹĸоڳ˶֪һȴʵķˡ
ǡ
ڳûֻںѪǣЩΪ콾ǾԼʵԺһϳ̡
ԼͬˣҲɫСһǹŷСܣֻпЦǼʵȻǿ󣬵Ҫһս˲٣ǸˣԯۻҺͰԻǷ˵ĹȻˣʵǲ⣬Դߡ
ҲǸ˵Ķ֡ԯݺ˵
ԯݺᶼԼԷˣںѪԼʵȻǿ󣬵ǾԲѹԯݺᣬԯݺһսʧܵĿԣһԯݺᣬԥԼǶֵˣҲԲǶ֡
еİ˲٣ɫأѪ˵ǸУǿҲ˰ɡ
ǣֻǶ֣δġ˵
˵һʱеĽѾȫʧˡ
ף֮УжôĿֲ
ҪСеκһ壬˭Ҳ֪һ壬ǲ־ĵˣǲʾ磬ûвǾˣҲĵˡŷ˵
һָо˷ѣٲ˾ˡ
ʵϣЩ׻ƺ;֮ĳͻ㲻١֮Уʱ֮ײħԳ֣˲ˡ
ħ磬ȸ磬֮кܶˣ׻ƣҪ׻Ƶ鷳
߶֮ϵǿ뿪Ȼ˹ŷһ˵һЩʱ䣬Ƕ׻˵ȴе㲻
ףˡ³˽࣬ŷ纰
ŷоһʵʲô飿
ǿɽǰסˣԷʵǿһڻʵǿߣǰûнԷס˵
Ļŷɫڣʵ˭֣
ŷ֪뿪ܶ˴Ϊ֪׻֮Уûлһ죬ĻǸͲҪмɵ
һЩŽ֣ʵѹùɽ׻ơ
ħǿߡ˵
ǹսɣŷһҪǹսĻǿ鷳һʵ̫ǿˣǲҪų֣鷳
ս˭һߣаϢʮǿ󣬵ȴǰĶ֣Ǳˡ˵
ǹսŷһףǹսֵĻ꯿¶ҪЩ
սʵɲ⡣˭Ҳ֪һһʲôֶΣϾǻߵӣһԼʼĶӣѪ֮Եľˡ
ǹսУҲסսˣǧҪӽŷ˵
ڳ֪ùŷĶˣ϶һµļһ
鷳ˣСĸףˣĵĴڵɽУȥǰʹǰȻʲôĻһʱ֪ͨҡŷɫص˵
ǡ
뿪
꯺ʹȻһһĻһǰҪͻ˵أֱ˺ŷӣǳףҪչأһʧ˵ҹŷ뿪磬ڻбչءŷоһһ
ʲôһʱ򣬹ŷ羹Ȼѡ˱չأֱеӱܵĸо
á
ȴǵһӦ̵ͷ
ΪʲôѪʵ
ħоһȻ˵֪ˣʦ뿪磬Ҫ׻ƺλʦ鷳ˣ϶ɵΪ˺ǣȴûɱʦʦҪǾʹȥչȵ߾ɱûһŽܹסʦıʦʵڱı׻ƺλʦ
ħķŷӦ
ڱչأҲ˭Ҳ֣ɱӺ׻ƣҵıҵĴ㣬ұչصڼ䣬һҪ֣ǧҪãҳ֮ƽϡŷ翴һۡ˵
ɣǶѡչȥɣˣЧһ˱չҪáЦ˵
ôһΣաü˵¡
ǹŷıչأӱһˣҲǾԵİȫΪ֮һЩˣǲºҲ֣ɽû£׻ȴпܷ⡣
ȫأûбҪȫ¶ǳأʱΣŷͻȻᶨ˵


1531 ɱ
ȫչأ˶Ծڽ繰á
С˵ɫ档緢չڣʵǲףǲ빰á
˵Ѫ
ȷʵܷǷˣе񣬻ĺʱҪ£ģʵ̫ˡԯݺҡͷе飬ʵ̫˽ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣùŷһ˱չأȫѪ˵
ãͬ۵㡣ڵͷ
ŷһ˱չأȫľʱùŷЦѡ
û뵽󣬾ȻһŷͷȻЩվϿǵĻ
סҪ嶯ʵڲУţҳءŷ翴һۣûС
뿪ڣһʲôӵľ棬һЩѾˣΪ֣±ϣǴʱȴٴγˡ
ܶǿƵԾµ̬֣ǿޱȣٲȻһӡвپʵǿᣬȫ޵е̬
У֮ϣսΪ֪䱳Ļ뿪ˣУδлһĴڡЩˣԵЩ޼ɵҪսһȨ
ҲЩˣҪͨ磬ŷһΪ˶֪ǹŷ֮ӣ죬ڴŷ硣
ȴû뵽ǣУһǿߣŴڻʵǿ𶯣ǿޱȣɨе֡
䡣
ǳҡһ߳Ѳ죬վ֮ϣһ˫Ӿ˸֮ϡ
ϣӭߣǸߺʣǿޱȣϺƵѹ¡
Ǿ˵һʣȻһʱɱҪҹ鷳
ЩƲ죬Ȼ֪һվͬһ壬ͬһȣھȻ˶ԴԼˣ˵е
Ŵǿգһ˵ҽܹǳģСС߶ѣΪԼܹ𣿡
ŴǿߺǿƣһʣȻûһ⡣ǿڣǳԷ磬ؼ䡣
ϣǾȻ˵ݻŭ
ϱǵأѹľ̫ˡȻŴǿߣҲв̣ǶԷվһʣ޵еǲǶֻ֣뵽Լ̣ǵ
ŴǿߣӦ칬ǻ⣬칬ͷųܣѹǸߡ
Ŵǿߣ˲佫ʵ˰ٱǺأһ˫Ӿ˸Ǹߡ
ӣҪ𣿡һǿȵӣʱһһˣҲԿӡ
ȻܿܲǶ֣ǾŴǿ붯ܹѹӡ
ʲôӱɫû뵽羹ȻֶΡ
Ų˵һˣӣΪԼܹ𣿽뿪ƴŻس٣ҵҲҪɱ㡣
ŴǿɱȻʱȫǿԿӵǿߡ칬ΪУսߡ
ߡ
ߣûг֣ȣԻأǴʱȴսΪһԾţû˿ա
ЩգĪ⣬֪ģڻ֮һ쳣ǿƵĻʡ
һξݵļǿ뿪ӣ¼ûлܹӹһε㣬ֻлһ죬ܹ뿪ԣӾãĻѾ뿪ˣŸҽľٶ
ֻǽǳʧĻ뿪֮ȴֶΣȻˣȴûκνеͷĸо
ŴǿߵգǿޱȣӣɱȻ
ߣ߲ܹģҪɱңǻûǸʵ˵
ټһءһ𣬴ħ֣ԼƬĹȻûôڻʵǿߣǶ۷壬оʮŸһƬͷſµϡ
ھʮ룬һɫĴɢɱ⣬⾹ȻһΪʮۣγһµĴ
һһʣ⡣
Ӽʦ塣쿪ڣ֮
Ҽ㸸ף㸸һǳܳΪʦֵĵӣҲʦֵĸˡħЦ˵
ںһʦˡЩ
֣ͬվһŮӣ绪ǱˣͷһŲı֣Ȼ¥
һɱ֣ƿ£Ȼɱ˻ʣҲԿߣӽˡ


1532 
ɫѿһɱвһԲȻȻȣǴʱȴȻû֮ǰôǿˡ
ӣ㻹߰ɣһ磬ˣûйìܣҪԼҲʹ졣ڣҪӡ
ʵڳ˶ףɱҲɱӣҲ벻к³ٰ˳ɵ˶Ҫ
Ի˵ǻԵĴǲʧֻϢġ
ЩʣҲûʲô취ҪƴԼһЩֵ
һߵôҪģѾվھ֮ϣվʿľߣǾԵҫӻиҰģҪٸ߾磬¿׻ƵĲࡣ
ԣǾԲԼƴġ
뵽һ˵֮£ʹգպҪ׻Ƶ鷳ǻ粻׼֡
ǸҶ׻ƣұЯž칬ֱˡ

ӴŭŹ죬ɱȻ
ʵЩУɱˣǹ졣
ҲǿֻڳһʵǸ˺׻ƵˣȻٵҲҪɱȫŵĻԡɫĮʱϣһִϣ˸ܵµѹ
Ϊһ磬Ҫٵ磿ҲһȻһΪͽܣӴЦɫг˳
˵ˣҲǴʮ㡣
Ļɫһ͡
磬žԵƿȨʵڵĹ죬ʸʯٵ顣
һû˵ֻɫǳѿ
գ뿪һսûб˭ҲûκźϾսȻʣǶҲʲô³磬ҪŲ㡣
ˡ
뿪˶һһһԴϵĺˮȻղŲɡ
۹죬һߵ֮ϣȻ˵лʦʦλǰæ
ҶԼˣȻ㱻۸ˣҲú˵ôˣټħЦһЦȻת뿪
ԼľʮصħС
ŴħҲûٿԼһۣ΢΢Щ̾Ϣ֪ԼʦܣȻвԼжԼһЩĽûн⿪
û׷ȥֻԼ̾Ϣһ
ĺܺá˹һۣڣȻЦ뿪
ҲǵͷȻ뿪
칬ľŴǿߣȴû뿪ǿʼ֣ĨɱҪԻ粻Щǿߡ
Уǿ䲻٣ȫɱ
üͷ嶼ûһ£֪Լղ߲ռƣڱɱˣǡ
һп磬һ
ɽ绨ɽǿߵգǳ֣նɱһһǿߡ꯵ۣſȻ˵һߡ
Ǹħ磬а֮أһ˵ɽ硣

֣乭ɱߡ
ơ
ԷҪһ
ڴʱԯݺ֣϶ΪһֻϹâʢ쳣µĹâû߶ɫ
ħһߣȻһ䴩ˣµһ顣
ء
֮䣬һƬ֮ǸħĻ߱ɫתߡѾˣǻսȥĻȻܹɱԯݺǣҲᱻɱ
һ޹˴鷳ߣصħܵأȣħ˻𴫳ҵսˣһߣ鷳
µĲ꣬ɱߣܶгأ۷״̬꣬ȻˣҲܹȥ֮󣬾Ͳһˣһܱ꣬ܿɱ
ҲΪʲôܶ¹ȥˣ߶ҳ˲꣬ǩԼһ߲Ի
ʵϣʱĻߣһ㶼٣Ȼһʱȣ˲٣ҲûĲ
ŷ磬ǰһսһһµǿߣ߽ͬ٣ȣޱȡ
ʲôˣħ
һ̣һֻ£ֱ˻ȥ
ħѪ¶ȻɫܹоղŶԷûʹȫȻĻˡ
һǳµǿߣȣǿޱȡ
˭ħĶŶԷʵ
Ǭ
Էڣһİ֣ħȴоŶԷĻһֿµѹϣ·һµĻʽ١


1533 ȵ
ħ֪ԷǻʣֻǶԷʵ̫ǿˣԲŸԼһִüͷ˵ʦչȥˣҲ֪ҪսʦĻ֮ɡ
ʲôŷ粻ڣǬüɫдһĨ⡣
ɱ֮󣬹ŷ᲻֣ǬĿȻħ
ħȴ˿η壬¶һĨЦݣ˵ɱңʦҲ֣ʦӦһˣС֣Ҳ¶ͷ
ҲںǬ˵
ħ΢΢һ㶣дһĨ裬ǳֵĻܹĨɱڶԷϣܵһɿµܵһĪѹ
õĻʽǿߣȻںЩⰡһӰ֣һǿߣǰԻʣǿȰԻʸǿơ
ǬһڶԷϣüʵǺˣ
Ե
Էڣ˵һ֡
ԵȷʵԵġ
ȻǬ̲סһ£Ȼ¶һĨȻɫ˵֮Уһ壬ǿޱȣԽԻʣǸˣ
壬ħһǵùŷ˵Բǵˡ
ҡԵڣɫƽǺ⣬Լ֣һĮȻĸо
;һǵˣսŷ磬ӦòʲôͻɣǬʵ
Եҡͷ·һۣȻ˵ҲҪսŷ磬һսȴ򡣡
Ǭһ£üͷðԵȷʵе̫ԵˣԼġҪսֻҪŻ뿪ŷնɱڰԵ֣ǿʡһ
Щ֣ħװԵΪʲôȻսŷģŷ˵岻ǵˡ
ãøȴ򡣡Ǭ󷽵˵վһߡ
Ե˵ͷȻħʵʦأһս
ʦչˣʱ䣬ܹع飬ǰҪսʦ𣬾Ͱ֮˵ɡħȻ˵ҲûʲôģⱾʵ顣
ãұȴꡣԵ˵
ֶվȻ׼뿪ֻĻһ˵ʱûǬɫˣŰԵʵԵʲô˼
ңԵת˵
ԵǿƵ̬ȣʵǶһ콾˭Ҳ˭ͬŰԵĻǬЦ㣬ΪҪսŷ磬ҲŽø㣬ȻԼҪȴ꣬磬ҲԸȴھҪ֣ǹŷ粻֣ұ׻ơ
ŷ粻˭Ҳܶ׻ơԵûǬĻ쳣˵
һֶԿǬһ¡ǬŭĿɭȻڰԵϣĮ˵Ե㲻ҪԼ̫£Ҳɵ壬һʽ磬ȴɵ塣
ǬǿƣΪԼȺȰ塣һǿţʵžԵĵ
ʽʵǳǿ˿ηǿơ
Ȼףκ˱㲻ܺ׻ƶֻ֣Һ͹ŷһս֮ǲ׼׻ĻΪСԵɫƽڳһԼһϵû顣
ǬɫѿͻȻ֣һƺԵǰ
䡣
ԵҲ֣ײһǿ𶯣ͬʱˡǶһۣԷеľȣȻû뵽ԷʵȻԼࡣ
һߵħһľĸоȻ֪˵ʵܲѹƹŷ磬ȴܹܵǾǿǿƵеˡ
ħ˳Զ±
ʵԺһսԵ˵ŻǬһսӡ
Ҳһս㲻ҪҡǬŭԵ쳣ŭ
ȻɵԽ磬ҪͰԵһһսҲϣġĿģǶԸ׻ƣɱŷ磬ǺͰǿƴɱ
˵ˣҺ͹ŷһս֮ǰûܹ׻Ƴ֡
Եɫƽ˵ĻûǬۣһﵽǲԴһˣȻ˱׻Ƶˡ
ڻǬԵ״ǣǲ򵹰Եûа취ԽԵ׻ƳֵġҪܰԵô򵥣ԵʵԲ֮¡
뵽Ǭɫѿ
ħʱȴ򣬰ԵͲҪսŷ磬ֻҪᣬס磬ֲùŷ˵ԵΡ
ǬȻ֪һ㣬ðԵвȻסԼĵˡһȻİԵЩҧгݡ
Եǰ𣿡ǬƵʵ
һЦԵܿ϶˵ٰ


1534 
ǬЦȴѡߡ
һĻħһ֮ȻǿʵܹѹƻǬҪ֣ܶпܻʧԺֿµļһòҪͻġ
лǰ
ħԵ
Եħһۣ΢΢ͷһᾡǵסһЩ֣ȹŷع飬һбˡ
ǡ
ħͷ
ŷһ뿪Ҫߵľ磬ȵаտһ죬ܹʱ򣬲Żع顣
ԣԵ˵ŷع飬ãˡ
Ҳܴ⣬һܵסһЩˣǲܵסˣ£׻ѹİꡣԵ˵ɫдһĨء
֪ħͷͬɫء
£ʿ˵ָһ˲䣬ǲʾ£ǳù
Եס˲ٸֱ֣һ죬һ»߳֡
໥ײһԵˣһѪ˳ߣһ¶һĨ𾪵ɫ
һѣȻܹʵе㲻˼顣
µɱ⣬ƺƵ뿴ŰԵɳҪɱš
ҪɱңƴŰϲԵڣתһսףϽɫǵأſµĻѹ
սƣȫ޾ܣޱߡ
Ͻס
߾Ȼû뵽ԵȻӵһǰеǻдԣϽףҪ챦Ǹˡ
߽׻ߣɱİԵȻΪ໥֮Ĳʵ̫ˡ
һߣһ죬ҪɱԵסҰԵʵʲôֶΣ֮ǰشߣҲǲܵġ
ˣпܻꡣħһжң֪ģڻںͲսϣһεĲꡣ
üʶԵڡ
ΪܵסңʿڣɱȻ
ԵҡͷȻлҲǻ߶֡ɫƽȻ˵ȻڶԷǰ档
ÿشҡԷЦüһĨŭ⡣
ڻ˵֮½ΪϣȻǰԵ˽ܣҪսǣû߱ŭ
Եϱս⣬߶ӣϾϽ׷⣬ͷųڻĲϡ
ͭʣòҪԷһǿ֣߳졣
ҲһʣѪ⣬ȴһʥУȻͭʣһѹȴڰԵϡ
߶סȻ԰ԵԣҲ̲ס΢΢ɫ
һˣش𣿡ͭʿڣϴһĨЦ
һԼѪʣѪ硣Ļ߿ڣɫĮԵɫأ֪鷳ˡһˣȻܹסߣȻӵлҲһߵΧ£ûз
ԵȻ֪ΪʲôҪס׻ƣΪ˱ˣȴʧȥԼֵ𣿡ͭɭȻ˵
ȻֵãԵ֪ǰ壬ҰȻ뿪ҲδûкһĴڣǲ鷳뿪Ǳ㵱ûзѪվûж֣ҪԵԼ뿪
ԵĬ˼
Ե˵ˣѪʺͭʶһۣԷеĵ⣬ǾðԵǱԼŵˣԲŲ˵֮ڻû뿪ֻΪԵ붪ӡ
뵽ѪԽԵҪȥ
䡣
ڴʱһֱֻ˳ѪʵϣԶ
ͬʱԵҲˣֱӴȭתѪʡ
ۡ
һѪ˳ѪʲҽУѣһը顣УҴܣ˺
쵰
ѪŭѪת޸Լ˺ɫȴǳѿղһ˵Ĳᣬʵ½˲١
ͭᣬУߵ˵˭
һŮӳ֣£ˡɫƽߣŷ֮ޣԯ졣
һѪȫȣԯͷ
Уսʥԯ죬Ϊһ콾Ŵγ֣ʮֻû뵽ԯ쾹Ȼţʵ죬Ѿﵽвǵĵزˡ
ԯ죬ʵʣԿһǿߣȻܻܣǾܹаǡ
һԻʣһԯ죬ɫѿ߶һۣԷеԥ


1535 Դͨ
ԯ˰վһ˫Ӷߵϣǲɳ֡
һ˶ʣȴһֿµš
ѪҾͲţһ죬ǻߵĶ֡
ղų˴ʱȻ̲סҪֱһߣУһִ衣
㲻ԯ
ѪߣҪ
ڴʱԯȳָֻ֣ػһ潻֮תγһֿµƣѪȥ
һֿµУһͣػɣȴޱȣ˿µѹ
Ѫʱɫһ䣬ӽ죬һС
䡣
𶯣һ־˵
ԯ˫ֽӡһֺգֱѹ
ۡ
ѪܵĻ飬ֱѹϡ
һѪѪʵɳȥСԯ죬Գ˴ʵʵ֣˵ʵӲ㡣
һߵͭʱɫȻеİҲԯľʵѪʣսİգʵ̫ˣԣʵܹʤǿ
һлѪʣԯûֱ֣ӳ˹ȥܹϣӣȻҪɱѪʡ
˳ԾԯҲ̫˰ɣܹ֮ʣһʣѾǰ޹˵սˣȻҪնʣ𾪡
쵰
Ѫʱŭһ裬۾Ѫ죬ֱӽ˱״̬µĻȫգѹǺӣȫ𶯣ʱնŤˣǬҪȫһ
һŭء
߲ͬ裬վʿߣǿߣŲ࣬Ҫƽ룬ǴʱȴһҪɱѪ޷ֳ衣
Ѫʱԯ첢ɵһĨ޵ЦݣȻֱ֣һ˫־ȻѪʵĻ
ۡ
ѪٴκɳȥĲš
˵ǰαУܹ˵Ĵ⣬һΣȫȻԯʵ죬վǻߣܹ˵
սʥȻͬ죬Դͨ˾ηͭʿڵһЩ顣
޾֮ǰһսʥɻʣʵͨ죬ͬʱоֱԴͨȫǳ졣
߹ȻΪߣԴ֪ͨԯ쿴ͭһۡ
ֱԴͨԯһЩˣղһǣӡ˼壬ͨһֱӹĿ꣬ȻΪߣҲܹͬӻ
ͨҲƣʹõƵʲܸܺߣԯѾʩչڶˡģΪбֶΡ
ͭʳĬ֪Σûܹ˽⶷սʥ嶼ʲôԴͨÿһսʥıԴͨһʣʼֻ΢ЩܳΪӣӵ
ȵΪ֮Уͬ׻У˵Ե޵УֻмˣܹڻͬУѹƶսʥɾ͵Ļߡ
ԯȻ˵ȻֲͣһҪɱѪһ㡣
Ѫŭ𣬵ȴΪ̫أ潻֣Ȼ·硣
ס֡
ֹͭҪȥסԯ죬ѪʾͭףѪʣܵ˵ĻǾһϣûжˣᱻϣʱľˡ
䡣
Եֱ԰ȭһƬ񷣬ضͭʵȥ·
Сÿͭʴŭ
ѪѣѪ䡣
áԵɫǳᶨϾϽ𶯣ͷųĹâסͭʡ
ʵϻֻǵסһλһĴڣǷǳ򵥵ġ
ͭɫѿŭΪɱһߣôļѪ֣ˣ;Զ㲻꣬ʱԻѪѪأ硣
á
Ѫ˵ȼų޵Ļ棬һ㶼ûԥ
ԯüͷһ壬ֱһƽѪʻˣȻ˵ͭʣŲھȥͭ硣
ңͭŭ
û뵽Լոвԯ죬㱻Էвˡ
ԯʵҪͭ磬һܵ顣ֻҪһǿߣסͭ綼Ҫ
Ҫɱŷ磬ȴ֪ŷڱչأܹЩߣĸԣ˭Ǹһ֣ضǧٱķԯ˵һʱѪ˱ɫ


1536 ɱ
ŷ£ǳңһ綼ǳĳɳʷһѪ͵Ĵ档
һЩ飬ŷ֮󣬿϶ᱨ
ǰΪΪߣԲܿǡǾԯͰԵˣˣȻ޵Уǻһ죬ȴܺСرڣвߣһʧȥ۷״̬ͺп١һħһλǳõڹһС
ŷһأȻֻǴﵽԯ̶ȵսǶ˵Ҳһּв֪ŷһͨĺܶ飬˵ϡ
ҪԸ磬ȶԸŷ硣ҪԸŷ磬һɱ
ŷ⣬ǾԲŷ綯֣ĻǸԼ޾鷳뵽ѹ
ԯһۣͭһ仰û˵תߡ
ѪȻŭһ˴Ҽкܴ鷳ͭʶѾˣֻгԿķݡѪҲ뿪Ǹͭʵġ
Ѫףһͭ뿪ܻд鷳оˣԼҪ
ϣֻлܹסԼͭʡ
ͭʸӦѪʵĵ⣬֪ߵĴѪʵ
ͬ飬ͭʲܾϾԺеʱ仹أҲ⣬ʱһߣԺԷҲһ㡣Ͼ˭Ҳ˵պ᲻ʲô⡣
Ȼ޵Уǲûе֡
뿪ԯҲһ˰ԵһۣȻ΢΢ͷлѡ
лңھѪͰ֮ѣӦõġԵǳº֪ͣԼԵһʲôӵˡ
磬ȱǿ콾һʱսʥ嶼ǣǶÿһʱǿ֮һ
ˣκǿߣᱣ㹻ء
ԯͷûж˵һ뿪Ե΢΢ЩȻҡͷ֮⣬Ⱥǿߡ
ûжãһ˳֣ȻǰԻʡ
˳֣ҪսǰǿߡԻʿڣһϢ
Եֱվԥ뿪
УӦԵ뿪ԯ첢⡣Уͬ룬ŷػеһС
ԯݺῴԯ죬ɫ΢΢ЩӡǰҲϲԯ죬ǺȴΪԼ㹻㣬Ǻԯȣʱȴһ̾Ϣĸо
̫ԶˣܹܵǶ֣ԯܹ׵ĻԼɱ
һ򽾰ԯݺᣬЩʧ䡣ʱͬɽ֮£ɽۡ
һӰ֣ȻСӣʵǿʢˡԯһۣ΢΢Щ̾Ȼԯݺ˵ߣһȥɱˡ
ŷ뿪󲻾ãص磬һʵǿᣬԽۺԯݺᣬӵĪˡ
ɱ˭
оһԯݺ̲סʵ
һСӣƺһսԵǴ꣬ó֣ɵһЦе˵к˸
ȻҪɱĸ֣ԯݺͷֱ뿪
ͬʱҲںѪˣĸ֣߰𣬱Ϊɱһ֡
֪Ի𾪡Ҫ֪Щ˳ȻһʣҲˣصһ춼Ҫ˱ܣȴȥһ콾ɴ˿ɼ콾жô
Խ֮⣬ܶǿΧּۣսȫܿ¡
ϽɫȣΪһƬɱʹ룬ᱻ˲˺顣Եƺսգ໥ײµ˼㡣
ʵȫһתһֲֿŰȭضҪˡ
֪ΪʲôԵ壬ܹƵʹð˵ıǰʣȻ¡
ȻԻʶòϣԼȥĻѾˣƺΪ죬һʵԶԶԽ
ֻаԵܹסƺѹơ
ۡ
˼սǧСƺսܣһ㱻ɱջ˳ȥ
Եû׷ȥĵҲǳһսȫʵȻս˶֣ҪɱԷȴҲˡ
һŽУƺ֣Ųһԣһ㵹ڵϡ
壬ȻΪ壬УǿˡƺЦȻսˣɫȻһĨм
ϧǣУʵǰʮ벻ˣū͹ȻūͣܳˣҲˡƺЦ
ͻȻӣŭ˭


1537 ج
ָ絶һջ˹ȥ
һӰסĹԯݺأ̾ǿߣȻ鴫شزȻܹҵĴڡ
ԯݺᣬƺͻȻЦ˳һΪ˭أԭǾݵķϲģЩūͣѵҪɱ𣿲
ƺǳţȻѾˣҲΪԯݺܹɱԼʵ̫ǿˣȻˣҲ㹻ǿơ
̡
𣬵ѹ£ֱӡƺϣƺԶѪ
¶һĨЦļһνĺҲͲܱƷˣǲһȺʧߣȻǵǰ
һϣңһҪû۵Ļƺһ˫ֻɭȻĶ˵ϣɱ⡣
ֵΧȻţԼɱǡ
Ȼԯݺ۵죬ʱҲ̲ס΢΢һ£Էʵ̫ˣ֮£ʵĻ̫ˡ
֮鴫
˵ϣʲôǱȦһȺѣΪԼ޵ˣסƺһ·
ʲô˼ƺɫϡ
ʲô˼ԼǳףӦñĶࡣЦڿһЦһ
һͷԴľˣΪĻָĶҲԽԽˣ˵Ļ϶ָʾģֻǲ֪еʲô顣
Ҳ˼ˣν壬Ȼǿ󣬵Ͽ϶кܴĲ
úЩȻˣ͸ˡЦ˵
ƾƺȻܸ߰ȻеɲĸоȴԼʵ
ȻǻҪɱҪӵĻҲһ¡
߸ʵϣһ˾ܹɱ㣬ֻˣԲһֵġ˵
ĻѪڡФ³ȫˡ
ߴ֣ȫһһǿߣۺԯݺˣʤȯա
һߴ֣һĻ֮ƺɫѿ֪Լ鷳ˡ⼸˵ĽɱȫʢʱڣҲܹлߣǴʱȴһᶼûˡ
ɱңǻڵģ֮дܣܶϤһƺ˵
ʱΪ֪ûãȴ˵Ļвǡ
ֻҪмɵ벻ɱ
Ǻǣ˵ǼϲļһȻ֮дû뿪ȴ֪Ǹϱ˭Ҳߣ֮У༸һ飬ǻ鲻ŵ˵
Ļƺɫ䣬ŭʵ㵽˭
Ͳ֪ˣɡ˵һ£ֱչ˹ɱ
ͬʱҲˡ
һΧɱƺʵǿ󣬵վˣͷӲսΧסɱĻԡѪ˺üΡ
ǱԴǿƺѾȥȻˣҲϿҪˡ
𾪣֮壬ܹǵΧ֮Уŵڣʵ̫ˡҲƺĻˣ֮УƺԲǿˣһеǰʮ޷롣
һˣޣгء
˵ɫЦǲҪģ˵ǱǱҪǿĶ࣬кܶණǶ֪ԺǵΪȥˣ׵ģûеô£ҪȻҲᱻƷˡ
С壬ǻڵģȻպҲģΪУڵеǡƺЦ
ΪУҲûʲôµģǰ壬ȻǻšڣɫдһĨЦ
Ļƺ¶һĨ𾪵ɫֵ˵㣿찡㲻Ѿ𣿲Ҳš
ȻѾ֪ݣֻǴУԿƺжôˡ
һѾ˾ȻˣȻû֮ǰĸ֣ǵجΡ
ɱ˰壬ǺεȻԻ͵սһɵģ֪׾Ȼٴθˣ䣬϶ᾪֵģҪϧһдۣɱԷ
ֻǺܿϧʱ֪Ϊһ̣֣ƺɱ׵ɢ


1538 嶯
ƺ⣬֮УһϨ𣬶ʱ塣ƺ֮УĴڡǷ磬ȴǾԵͬʱΪ죬ԵĿ£Ȼǵһ죬Ҳ˵Ͱٷܹ֮ɱ
˭һǿߣûݡߣƣ裬򣬻ħΧ˻
һֿµľ쳣ˡ
ѯʣȴͬ𶯾죬֮УһƬĬ
û˿Իش𣬵֮Уȴһɱ졣ǿ壬ȻˣǷŭһ
һڻеǿһ˫գգǿޱȣȴȻȻ˵ƺս˰İ壬ʧ֮ߣȴ֪ôͱɱˡ
游ȥ̽һ¡ǿ߿ڡ
Ѿˣ޷ֵˣܸߣԶˡǸеǿ߿ڡ
ʲôǿЩȡ
һԶ游ĴڣȻֶԸеһСе㲻
Ҳ˵ˣҲпǶԷ߹ȻΪߣҲײֿ̽Էǳ󡣡Ǹصǿ߿˵
ŷ硣
һ³ɱ⡣
ǲ֪ǣԼͲ´ˣȴײһģҪ鷳
׻ƽŷ罻
ǿյľ⣬ŷϡ
忴׻Ȼͷʢվ̫ǳˣʵǿܹѪģֻоˡ
ǲʮֿ׻ƣʱһӵ̬ȡ
ǡ
Ǹеǿ뿪ټֱ֣׻ơ
׻֮Уһɫ쳣ѿ
ôˣԯݺɫ⡣
նɱһǿߣǶǳˣǾԵĵˣûл͵أնɱһ콾ھѪ˵һ¡
Щ쵰ô֪Ƕ֣鷳ˣи֣Ѿˡ࣬üͷû׵׷ʲô顣
ĵȻǻ߾죬ҪϤһеǰǳѣοԿ϶Ǹϱ֣ûܹģˣȻǿƣϱǰͬǿƲˡ
Ļɫһߡ
֣ĸֳɽѹгġǹ׻˵һ־޴ѹ
뿪üͷһ壬˵
һ㶣ȻЩɻϾһս׻ܵһ֧
ƺɱΪһЩԭǸܲҶֵģڳǿ͸ң鷳뿪ǲ쵽һ㣬ֻҪǼϣԯҲ⶯ɸꡣ
ӱܣֻһִ⣬Է϶ܹ³йϵ
˶ʱף˵뿪ɣȻǿ󣬵ҲǺǵģǶ֣ơ
࣬ɱȻ
Ҳ֪òҪ飬׻ƵʵǿǺƴ³ܲҡ
һӰ֣ԯˣͷĵȥɣ׻ң⡣
ţΪʵ㹻ǿȻһ죬ԯʱһģҪԿ
ԣȻԯͬкǿţκˣ㹻ĵ
ͷû˱˽⶷սʥǿһֿ޵еʣʵˣмµı֣սʥ壬ʲôӵľ޵ı֣Ϊ֡
ԣԯݺģǳġ
ԯݺһۣƺ֮ѾطĨˣȻҲҵİɡ
˵Щת뿪ʧС
ԯ뿪ķ˼֪ǳأĽӴָооԼһͿͷһ㣬Ī⡣
ʲô˼
ɨԯݺһۣԯ˵ҵָӡģһʮӡ
˵ͷΪ׻ƸķҲûκ뷨
Ҳ֪ʱʵһУֻԯ죬ʵˣȹһѹء
ԯǹŷӣˣ˳
嶯羪һƺ֣硣˭Ҳ֪߳һ壬ֻһЩϵĴУ˵ֲ塣
ʱʮǿߺɶǿޱȣ죬ſµѹᴩ档


1539 ڧ
ܶ𾪣˽ڻʵǿߣҲľսʵ̫ǿˣ˸оµѹơ
һЩŽ綼ɧңǹԼ
֮УԵɫأΪԼġ
ֻþȵǣˣӰԱߵһ뿪ȴûнԽ磬ǰЩɻˡ
ȴΪԼѵʲô
ԣǸ׻Ƶķ򡣡Եɫ΢΢һ䣬Ϥ˶ԷĿꡣ
ǿߣȻҪ׻ƣġ
֪һ֮󣬰ԵҪ뿪
ڴʱһֻѹ䣬ס
Ұʲô˼Ե񷣬Įʡ
һµӰȣֲޱߣȻֻǻһ죬ȴǿ
Ұ֮е½ߣʵͰԵͬһˣȰԵ΢һЩڰԻǳ֮ǰɧֻǺԵͰԻʳŽķͷѹȥ
ȻˣҰҲǰ֮еĵţܿ죬ﵽ˽ڻʵľ硣ڰ뿪֮ǰطǿжȹ߽٣Ϊ˻ߡ
ԵͰԻʣûǸʸǽԼĻι̣Ȼûлһ죬ԺȴŸõǰ;
֮£ҰȻΪߣվ˻ʵ磬ԺȴΪǿĴڣǿжȹ߽֮󣬶ǱľΣաǹŷԴ֮ΪǱܣҪʵʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ûĻҰʵҲ͵ΪֹˡȻǻߣȴΪ͵Ļߡ
һʿ˵һ콾ʵһΪľء
ԽУȫԽ˻һ죬ֻ뿪Ȼǿƣûлߣ˭Ҳұ֤İȫ
ҲΪʲôҪҰԭ֮һʵϣȻҰǱˣҲ٣ٻ߾磬ǲɵģǱδؾûеٻʵ۷Ŀԡ
ҰͰԻ֮ĹϵȴͰԵǺܺá岻ȺУǳ
ֻаԻʣȻ֮ǰͰԵ֮䣬Щǻܹ˵һЩ
׻ѣʲô飿һȥ֮⣬סЩǿߣѾǰ˺ܶǿˡҰ˵ɫǳԵ
ѪͰѣһ㲻˰ɣԵʡ
ֻ޾֮ǰԼǰڽȣȻҲδܹѹǰ塣Ұŵ˵
ĻԵ̲סЦ˳ɫǳ̣ŰҰ̫СˣǼȻأͿ϶ǵԭиӿ£ҾһʼպǲӦǵˡ
Ҫ»ĵλǾǵĵˡҰЦ
ôڤ粻顣Եüͷ
ԵĻҰ¶һŭɫԵҲǺ˭˵ǰߣӦҡ
ֻӦñصˣҰ㣬ÿҪҡԵᣬŰҰ
Щ꣬ˣѾȥܿҪˣڰҰðԵŭ
Ұʵ̫ʲôˡ
ԻʣôҰĿԻʡ
ԻվĬ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ҰãԻӦվԼһģȴû뵽ԻʾȻַӦԻʵ˼Ȼԥ޳Լľ
Ұɫ˵ԻʣѵҲ޳ҵ
ͬʱԵҲĿתƵԻʵϣ֪ԻʵǳҪǰԻҲҪĻȻԵʵͨ죬Ҳ뿪Խ硣
Իʣʲô˵𣿡
ϴزҰЩ˵ڱưԻʿڣҪԻ֧Լľ
һۣԻʵǵ飬ҹܲ
˺Ѵ뿪Ȼܲʡ˶Щ㶣ⲻǰԻʵԸԵеˡ
һ̣Ե㷴Ӧֱ˺ѿռ䣬ҲҪ뿪
һҰڣֱӽض˿ռ䣬Եס
Ȼڱ˵İ£ɽٳɻʣվǰߣʵǿף԰ԵҪǷǳѵġ
㲻Ҫ̫֡Ե˵Щŭˡ
Ҵûйֵ֣㣬Ϊˣһ㶼Ϊ룬ȥȰĵˣʲô˼Ұǳ
㶮ƨƽͬԵʱҲ̲סڴˡ
ŭðҰʵе֪ԵҲɵӣôܲάԼ塣ֻǣ֮ǰиҪȥάĶ
˵ʲô߲裬ԵƻϣұҪ֪ʲôߡҰŭһ˫µĹ⣬ɱڡ
еĳԱȫ㤣һЩǿߣҪȰܣֻǸ޷ֿµϢǼѡ


1540 
˶ţԵǴ˾ϽסǰԾѹưҰڰҰɻʣٽҰѹơ
ߺ֮䣬ǵѴơȻԯ޵еʣҲֻΪսܹ˺ߡ
οĻߣԱѪĻ߸ǿƣҰǰеš
ԽУ˸ػ磬ֿµϢðԽһЩطûˡ
ԵϴҰʵ
׳աԵЦ
ɫһҰ֣һȭ£ڣԵ档
ԵХתȻһȭ԰ȭ԰ȭ
䡣
ǵˣֻǺԵܹԵ·硣ǰĳԱȴ֪ʹŰҰһܹӮԵûл̵ᷭġ
ҰҪһսԵȣٴʡ
ŭһˡΪ֪Լʱʹǰ׻ƣҲûˣˣѾ׻ơ
Ҳһսֻǲȥ׻ƣ㲻ȥĻҾͲ㡣ҰЦ
ԵɫѿһԲٴγ֡
˵ȭͷײһ·麧ȻһĩսٵĸоҺаǿ̵ķסǼսڲȻĻ·Щ飬϶Ҫ꣬ȻǰûзˣҲܵס˵ϡ
˼սȫޱߵŭǵʵǿֿޱȣȫԷչµĹ
һսеʧȥƵӡ
Ұŭ죬ŭΪԼΪ˻ߣȻ޷ѹưԵŭһĻðˡ
ԵҲһ֪Լ뿪Ҳܸϵ׻ƣҲͬŭҰսҪ½Ļߡ
챻˺ѣһЩس٣˴
ˡ
ڴʱһͬʱһ
ͬһʱ䣬ԵͰҰͬʱס֣һɫ
ˣֹͬУѵ𣿡Ǹʣһӡ
˶һۣԷеĻǲ˵Եڣȫܹվ
Ե㲻׼뿪Խ磬һε飬ûйϵǸ𣬸Ե
ԵҪ˵ЩʲôǸ˵ҵѵҲΥ
ʱԵڵĻ̱˻ȥֻеͷ棬ˡ
Ұúصʱ򣬲׼ǸٴתҰ
ҰЩҪڣһЩʲô顣
ҰΪûпˣҰıԴô򵥵ģúʶ۷ʵǸ˵
Ұ۾һɣʱ¶ϲɫ
棬𣿡ҰЩȻ˻߾磬Ĳҡֹ硣
ƶֻԼûôˣܹᷢһʱ䣬ʱ߶ԶҶұ֤Ǹ˿˵
ҰҲףһһǳḶ́ҷǳѣںֻҪһϣҰҪȥŬ
˸żᶨĹâκ㯡
ʵϣɱ䣬ѾʼˡһʿȻǻߣʧȥĿ꣬Ҳûδġ
˶뿪ԵȻģȴҲûа취Ϊ޷Υ
Ե϶вΪ϶ãֹģǲܴ𣿡ڰԵĶ

Եͷֱӳϡ
ԼǰûʲôġʣҪʳ
ԻѾȥˡ˵
ԵһʶԼһֱڣûиܵԻʵϢû뵽ȻѾȥ׻ơ
ʵϣԻǰͰԵǰʵһġǶŰ̬ȣǿߣ㹻
֪ˡԵͷ
úѾˣЩ˶Ҳ̲סˣһҾ֣磬˭ܹΪ𣬲ţΪ˱һ绯ãšͳðԵɫء
ʲôӵһҾ֣ڸ̾ţðԵ֪Լ棬Ѿ˻߾磬һֱڴĴڣȴ㹻ԶĲţпǸʱѾʼ֣ҾԲˣҲǻʵ۷Ĵڡ
Ļ˵꣬㳹׳Ĭֻ°Ե˼֪һЩʲô
ʮۣ죬֮⡣ͷıǸǿߣһ仰û˵гһѳֱնȥ
֮Уǳ飬һ¡


1541 ʮǿϮ
龪ţµѹ궼ڼ¶ͬʱһַо˶·𿴵һԸ׵Ĺȥ
ʱһǿ壬еͷϣǿͬһҲֻūͣɱᣬ⴦á
ѪϣūͣǸʱǱڣ˼㡣
ռǿ֣߳ǴžѪһȺϽеǿߣһս涼·Ҫˣȫ飬طȫѪʬǣվѪսʤˣǽǸ壬ϳ硣
ǰþʧ˶һ򣬵ǸǿƵ壬ٴγˣǣҪūԼҪԼ׻
ۼǵ£е飬ȴһ־嶼ûУеֻǻŭ
䡣
һɫļһɫһ㣬뽣ײһ𡣽飬ɢϳһѷ졣
ʮǿ֣߳£ȫǻȣе飬ϴЦݡ
Ǹǿߣ˵ŷ磬
ܴ綼𶯡
ܶ˲ޣһʿ֪ڣҪ鷳ĺ޳ܡ
һ񾳽Сʿȴǳֱӿ
ϣȻ˵ǿ˵һֻ£ҪɱСʿ
ģԴСΪԼţǲǣӺƴˡǸСʿȻǳţ»ȻҪӭԷһ
˿Цãֱ
ݡ
һ˹ȥգֱӽضǿߵĹ
ǸСʿҲɵֱתߣ棬һԴϵ亹˶ܹģˡ
һղŻţƺģԭҲǿء
øļһսǸʿڣء
ԯݺ߳ͬ壬һŴ󹭣ʿ޶ַ׻ƣ̫ĿˣѵҪս𣿡
ԯݺᲢη壬ǳǿơ
ƴ󣬵ĻǣԲܹʾֻöԷӵ׺ݡ
ɱǿߣ˵ҵ޶ַ׻ƣǿЦǱǵūͣˣΪ˽ѵЩū͵ġһǿߴȡ
ɫ߰ԯݺᡣʵҲӵʵǿߣȺ΢һ㡣Уܹѹǵġ
ԯݺἴʹһսҲܹʤȻǿߣھϸԯݺᣬ߳СΡȻѾﵽ졣
ͬһ磬ԲԯݺĶ֡
̡
һһֻ£ǸǿߵϣԷæʩչӡҪסһ
˱㺧Ȼķ֣Ȼʵ޷סֱӺɳȥѪ
ʲôˣ
ľŴǿ߱ɫǶһ
һˣһ˾ȣΧʥ֣Ǵɾ߳ʫ续
̫ˣǿȻǵˣǶЩɵˣû뵽ϾȻŮӡ
Ǻˣվǿߣ̬ȣһʱ䷴Ӧæʡ
ֻںʣһֵĸо
ԯ졣
˿ڣƽһ˫ɨǿҾѪģɱ⡣
һɱ⣬ϱЩһ
ǿߣȫ¶Ȼɫƣֿµɱ⣬ֻµļС˵ϲܹܵ
һָоƸӿ¡
ŷӣһšͷǸǿ߳
ԯ΢΢ͷ˵ҡ
Ǳٵ𣿡ǸǿЩ𾪵˵
֣߳Ϊ棬綼Ѿ֪ܶ˾ãһ˶ûӳ˭֪ԯ쾹Ȼû£һڴʱ֡ǿƵı֣Ҳܹѹʮ֡
Ǳٵˣ˭ûСԯɫƽ˵һԼûйϵ顣
һ˶û𾪡
ǿǰ˱ʳְȻûɱκһˣֻƽפءʵϣһ˵פظ㲻ʲô˲ǹؼ
ҢһУֻΪһ飬Ƿŷɱ֡Ǹǿ߳˵ʱԵ÷ǳһ㶼Ρ


1542 
ŷѾչأ֮ж֪飬û᲻ǹŷɱ֣ԯʵ
Ң΢΢ü֮Уи֣޷ˣҲֻйŷˣ߹ֻɱи֣Ż㲻
˵˵֮󣬻߶ǳ֣ڸ֮£ܹ֪𣿶ū壬ڳǵ˲Ҫʺӿǵͷϡԯֱӳ
һ㶼ԵЩ
̬ȣȴҢеˡϾԯĳɱֵĻԲֱ׳
ԥһ£Ң˵ŷ˸Ҳģ
ʲôģԯüͷһ塣
Ҫģƺɷŷɱģɷŷ罫ܵҢ˵һȻҪԯġ
̫ԯݺŭ
ǷϻʲôɱǡҲ֣գ쳣ǿơ
ǵ󣬸źܶǿߣһϽɫѪ𣬰ԻҲ֣վһҢһӡ
ǿߡҢɫ䡣
ʮ֣磬ȴʮ֣ȥ;ˣȻȻ߽׻ߣȫ뿪Ҳܹġ˭Ҳ֪ȻУʲôµĵ̡
;ѪʵѡԻʵ˵ֶ졣
һҢɫѿˣû뵽Լĳ֣Ȼ˰;Ѫˣ˵ԲһϢ
ɫѿǴʱȴˣȻĻĸ߰һ㶼ڡ
ȻҲһ㣬ǲȣ˭̨¡
Ŀ⣬ԯϣֻȴһ仰˵ˡսǲ֮˭Ҳ֪
պѹ֣¾һһܲסǿߣûߣȫ콾ֿµϢѹκͨ
ãҷģӴƺǹŷɱĻɷŷڣԯ쿪ڣ˵һ
Ңɵˣû뵽ȻһּǿߣԿɲ㷢ģһȥ̻ΪʵԣѾֵ˵ˣŷԲ֡
ֻǣŷ粻ֵĻֽǺˣ
ҢͷۣѾʵ飬ȴ˽֡
ô죿û飬ȻҲĹ磬ȴףΪ޴˵ԯʵԻʼȻ֣ȻӲʱûнȴȫնɱǲء
뵽ҢһȻˣҵȱ뿪ˡ
͡
ԯ쵭˵
ۺԯݺɫŹ֣һЦȻ֪ԯΪʲôҷģһôΪɱ˵ȷʵǹŷ磬
ԯ췢ģ˵ƺǹŷɱģһ鶼ûС
Ң֪Ĵڣǲ֪ԣԲ뿪ҲңҺǰ뿪ˣȻĻǵ鷳ʹˡ
лˡ˰Իһۣԯ΢΢ͷ
Իʵͷ뿪
һĿѾﵽ֮ˣڻǺ˱սʱ򣬱Ͼǻ֪ʵô
Ңǣص֮С
ȻǸûǿǰ棬Ң
ʧˣǸС˿ڡ
ҢЩֵ̿˵Ǵʵԯһвٸ֣ƺǣҲֻ΢һ㣬ͬ׵Ļ뻹ҪǿƺǣϰԻʵûж֡
ԯʵǿ𣿡ǸСʵ
ǣСҲֻһ㡣Ң˼һ£ſ˵
ǸС˶ʱȻҢȻ˵ԯʵ£һ仰һ㣬Ѿ˵
ڻе΢΢һ£ǿЦ˵һԯ죬˼ȥ㡣
СˣҪˣҢϲغ
̧ͷʱڸղǸĵطѾһ˶ûˡҢ֪ԼСˣȥԯȥˡ
С˵ʵһ㶼ģȻԯҲܻСˡ
֮УԯͻȻվֱûС
䡣
һ죬һǿߣͬʱڻг֡
ˣԯ˵
˸ͬһ㣬Уַ·Ǿսףȫס
ȻŮӣϧѾǱ˵ŮˡǸС˸̾


1543 ׷ɱƺԪ
ԯ΢΢üҵߣ
ǿޱȣöԷסˣгɵڣм˸˵ʱ䣬ƺԪЦˡ
ǵһ˵ˡƺԪ˵
Ҳעһԯ¶һĨЦݡ
ƺԪЦԯ죬㺦ֻҪ׷ңȻҵŮˣǳΪһ澣ǿԵġ
ƺԪĿѾˣȻԯ죬ѾޣҲ⽫յԼߡΪԯ죬ʵ̫ܳˣȻ覣ҲһЩŮܹȵġ
˵ǰ׳𣿡ԯһĨζЦݡ
ƺԪɫһ㶣Ȼʶԯûкһ뷨Լԯ˼
ѪȻΪҲģҾˣִݻƺԪɫȻ˵
ԯûзϻ覵ֱ֣Ӻɨȥһ綼ˣתûһƬء
ƺԪ΢΢ɫܵԯǿʵ̫ڿˡ
֮ǰĲһΪԯȻǿҲ϶ڿȴ֪Լףԯǿơܣƿ¡
䡣
֣һɳն䣬ޱߡ
һֲֿľ綼նˣµ񽣻һУƿ˹Žδһ㡣
ԯɫ䣬ײµıըֱը飬ɫĮٴγ֣ƺԪϡ
ƺԪɳȥһѪ
ϡ
ԯ츩ƺԪ˵ĻƺԪɫ䡣ϣƽʱƺͰ˵ģû뵽Լ쾹Ȼϡ
ŮˣΪԼ۵ġƺԪɫѿһ˫콣ɨ
磬·ڱѹԯ졣
˷ȫйɱ΢΢ɫ
ƺԪЦĮ˵ұȻ𡣡
ԯվﲻһoվӰɨ˷ֱӽйȫס
ǸoƺԪһۣйᴩȥƺԪ档
ơ
ƺԪɫᣬֱĨɱȥ
һ̣ữնԯ졣գﻯ󣬿ޱȡ
Ůˣ˵ҪִݻԼȫʵƺԪԵ÷ǳǿƣʮ㣬Ҫնɱԯ졣
ԯɫ䣬ֻеһĨмȴƺԪĿС
гŭ⣬ƺԪָˡ磬Ƿһȫԯѹȥ
ƺԪΪһԯȻܵסҲȻˣڻУʺս
ۼữ콣նԯͻȻ˳ȥ
ֱͻȻƺԪǰǿĻȻûжһ谭
ʲôƺԪɫ
ۡ
ɳȥըһȫˣȻˣҲӱã˾˲½˲١
սʥıԴͨƺԪ뵽һ飬ɫѿ
ԯ죬ʵǿᣬǶսʥ壬һˣȻ£Ϊǿ֮һԯıֻ֣иǿ
ƺԪףԼСԯ죬ȻһʼȫԸδܹԯ죬οڣʵ𣬳˺ܴĿ
ʶһ㣬ƺԪЩ⡣
ߣ˵һҪԯ쵭˵Ȼȴһִϡ
⣬չ˹ɱ
ƺԪ˫ֽӡһףҪסԯ졣
ԯ쿴ҲֻһģɢǰڶսʥϢƺԪгء
ɱ
ԯȣüģɳһͭµĹ⣬ƺԪû
ԯĳɵǵһʹ
ǣͭ£ƺԪȻɫܵһɾ޴в
ơ
ٴɨ˹ƺԪҪסԯĹ
ۡ
һ죬ᾹȻˣԯüĵͭٴһ⣬ֱӴƺԪüġ
ƺԪҽУͻȻһѪ⣬Ȼٶȥ
ԯһ׷ȥǿޱȣҪɱƺԪ
𶯣һЩŽ緢֣һǿȴԯ׷ɱϢǿһĸо
ȻһЩŽصĻߣҲɫأ뿪ķо˸콾Ѿвˡ
׻ǿ˾ηһŷ磬ȴһԯ죬ҵȾηһЩŽʿ̾
Ѫ콾ϵģֻһӵĻԻ͡Ҳ˵Ľͳݡ


1544 ȱ
ԯ׷ɱƺԪ磬ƺԽһһ磬ǵһôǱ
üΣһ㱻סӳȥˡ
ֻ⼸ӳȥƺԪҲ˾޴ĴۡѪսһƬ硣
䡣
磬ƺԪǱӻ֮˶ˣ˭û뵽ƺԪȻǱһ㱻ɱ
ʲôˣŭһߣֱӳ硣
ԯ쿴Ǹһۣתһȴվʱ֮ϣԽ˹
䡣
˫ӡһȭ£޾ۣɱⱻɱߡ
õ
ߴɨᴩŽԯײ
䡣
һ飬ԯ쵹ɳȥȴδˡһۣЦһת뿪
ɫѿû׷ȥֻڲ֮Ʊһ˿Ѫ
ǿĻߣȻˡ
ߣǺεǿƵĴڣͬ޵ж˵ȴԯˡһȺǿ߳ߵӵʱͬʱһ
ǵĻˣѵԷҲǻߣ
һ̣ƺԪֱǸߵǰ游Ǹԯ졣
Ȼ˵еĶսʥ壬Ȼ߿ڣ˸µâ
游ѵɱƺԪЩ𾪵˵
ҡҡͷ߿ЦսʥޱȣȻɱҪſֽţڲʢУȻǣҲУҲҳΪʹɱԼҲҪܵشЩɷֲʲôǵˡ
˵ߵһ˿ȻҲ쳣ˬġ
治ףΪʲôҪҪЩûʶķѵ𣿡ƺԪЩ˵
ס졣
ĻͻȻɫݺݵĵһۡ
ʱƺԪҲ֪ԼĻеˣԴֳһĨ亹Ͻͷ
ϣԭСַ֪Ǹˡַɿ˵ɫϣһֵֻ̿ĸо
һߣȴָо𾪡
֮ˣȴһȻĸоַӦõһ
Σûκζַһһ֣Ȼȥ
ûдȥ鷳ֱַӻȥȻЩʣرƺԪ׷ɱôԶȫˡ
ǿַɵı֣ƺԪҲ˵ʲôˡ
һȺȫ磬ƺԪַɵߵһУַͻȻתƺԪ˵ʧˡ
游𷣡ƺԪ
ĵģ֪Լı֣ʵ̫ˣ˿׷ɱ嶼ߡ
Ҳ㣬ӦģԼʵȻǸԯ죬˶٣ʹսܣҲܹߵúɣȴǱ֪Ϊʲô𣿡ַɶƺԪʵ
ΪʲôƺԪҲʣԼ游ϵƺԪʼ˼
ûзӳԼʵ

ҵͨƺԪٴ˵

ҡ

һ˵ܶ²⣬Ƕַ˵ˡַһʧɫƺԪ׵Ľͷ
벻ףԼˡǿַɵӣƺԪȴ֪Լ϶Ǵˣһ֪
ǿߵ̬ǿߵţȱֶȻվеĻ䣬߿ѹԱǿˣȴܿܣţʵһ£ʵʵıԯϺܶ𣿡ַɵʵ
䡣
ƺԪĻһéٿһԼˡûǿߵԣȱִʬɽѪ߳ļ֡
ԣԯǿƣܿ챻ˣǱӡ
Ҵˡ
ƺԪɬ˵
ǴˣԸΪʿҪһô޷ģǸʱܹ̤۷壬ԯ첻£߶£µԼҪѧǿұǿַĶ
֪ˣ游
ƺԪͷ˲䷢һ־ҵɱһ
ˣѪͰ壬ǵĸ󻼣ĵ֣ǣסԺԵĵˣпܱԯӿ£ǿƣֻҪһ޵е̬̲εտսʤһеַ֣֡صĶš
ǡ
ƺԪٴεͷɢһǿϢȻ͹ŷʬɽѪ߳ǿ߻ּܶ࣬㣬ȴѾһΡ
磬ڻĸ󻼣Ҫǰ;ˣǲҪĵˡһ⣬ַЦ˵


1545 ֮ܶ
ȴãܽΪĵˣ֮е̫ˡƺԪüͷ˵
㱻ԯŵˣסʲôûгɳʲôввǡַ˵
ƺԪڣҪ磬ǿַɵɫûпģΪ֪ʱ˵ʲôԼ游ȥ
ı֣ҲʵʧƺԪȻѾӦַɵеĵλ϶½˲١
ַһӣȻƺԪǧ뷨վû˵
ˣ߰ɡַɿƺԪһۣ˵
ƺԪ̾һֱ뿪
ƺԪ뿪ķַ΢΢ҡͷȻ
ӴǣⲻǵƺԪôһͷɥӣ˵ǱһŮ׷ɱģǲģƺԪոַ߳ɵĹһϷʵ
ƺԪͫһȻǸɫѿ
ƺ㲻˵ǸŮˣҸӲУܹǸŮ˵Ķֻ֣ˡƺԪ˵
ЦƺԪԼһŮ˴ˣȻŮ˵ʵ佱زֱЦ˵游Ҳͬˣ治ףΪʲôЩʼ뿪֮ǰȻ飬ǻһԲһƺ̵
һս𣿡ƺԪƺɱ⣬ŭˣԯܣȻŭķڷԷֶλ϶ѹ˱ûʲô˵ġȴƺ䣬ƺԪܲˡ
˵ƺˣȻʵԼ࣬ǾһԲУһԲȴԼо衣
һսǰҲĶ֣ˣ㻹ΪԼܹս𣿡ƺ⡣
Ҳƺ˶صƣ½ս״̬֮µƺԪĶ֡
ǺǣҪ֪Щ˼ʹҪˣҲܹģȻ㲻һսҾķڷƺԪЦȻˣǴʱϵϢȴ쳣¡
ƺһƺԪϣܵһֲһĶһֽһֽŵĶ
ֶǰƺԪûеģȻƺԪսǰȴƺһָоʱƺԪǰӿ¡
ḡɫʧƺЦȻˣұҪдһˣʵҪһˡóƺȻƺԪϵžסһ£ȴǿս⡣
һֱƺԪѹƣһֱҪѹƺԪһλᣬܷŹȻƺԪڸвǰǿʢƺԪˣǲɷϵʵƺԪʵȻǰҪͨһλᣬѹƺԪ
˶ţǿϢǵϱ
˶ûг֣ΪѾܵ˭ڶˡλͻǻ߳ûܹѹȥڻ߲֣ȻѾĬ֮Ķˡ
ֻǣܶΪƺԪģˣδ۷徳磬벻ƺĶ֡
ƺԼãԼֻҪ⣬ƺԪʵһǳ׵顣
ֻģվʵһƺԪˣ˸о¡
գɨأƺѹȥ
ƺɫһ֮ƺԪȫʢʱڣܶࡣֻһ㶼£ͬɨᣬ໥ײǼսĵطȫû
ƺԪ𶯣һֿµϢ޵еţˡ
Ȼƺ𶯣ܵһֱʤ
䡣
ƺԪ֣ޱȣɱ
ǿϢѹһУȸղŻҪ
ƺƺԪôǿĶڲԼסһ
дһ̾ϢƺľѾˣүү̾ϢѵҲԼıֲ
뵽ƺұҪѹƺԪ
һжͽͣƺԪǳʮȫһֱѹƺ
ֻУƺܣѪɳȥ˲ŵĶƺԪдһĨ־塣
ȻʱƺױƺԪˡ
ʵ״ˡƺԪȻѹ֮嶼ܹܡ
ϣԺеսҡƺԪ˵˵Щ֮ͻȻһѪȻת뿪
ƺһָоʱƺԪԼǰʶƺԪȫĲһ


1546 
ʵϣϣȫһ
ƺԪǷһɱ䣬˶һƺҲˣֻȴ֪Լ·
˼ʮҹûƺǶˡ
һյʱƺͻȻſ۾֪ˣ϶һţȻˣȴˣһԶ䣬һǰ۲ӡ
ϳµϢȻֱһΡ
ƺˣʱͬƺԪһһɱ䣬ﵽƺԪһĸ߶ȡľʣעΪһ޵е
á
ַɿһۣ˵
ͬʱһҲվڹУ¶οЦݡ
֮Уԯ򣬴ʱǳȻϾô˽ܣһˣ硣
ΪԯʵһΪŷڱչء
˭Ҳ֪ŷһγأܹﵽʲô磬ǿ֪ʵһ÷ǳ¡
һαչأǳܹȥģǲﵽ߽ӽǸ磬ǾԲصġ
ҵŷ磬˭ҲҶ֣Ȼܹնɱеˣԯ죬ǵȵպŷ֮˭ܹסһҲûκι˼ɵǿϮɱ
ҹŷṆ̀ɾͻٳѪϻʹ۳Ļ壬һΪϻߣȻΪµĴڣʱʶ𾳽磬δʲôѵ顣
ûԸһ֣ŷڵĻǿ綯֣Ҳ綯֣ǴʱȻǻߣԸ⶯ˡ
һһǿĻ磬ʱ˲ǱˣǹŷĶӹ죬˭˵Լܹס⸸ӵķ񱨸
ĳ֣ȴ˶оҽҪˡ
һʿһЩŽ缯ᡣˣˣоͬˣȻֶ壬ʱҪչһģƴĻƴ
һЩŽ磬ħ磬ɫأ֪дƽҪˡǶ׼һЩ΢СһĹŽ磬ûô뷨Щ粨ʱϯǵϡ
׻ƣڽעƿˣһ
׻һֱ綢ţΪģȴԸ׻Ƶ˸֪ǵʵǿ̫ͷĻҪͣЩȻ
ڣ뿪˷籩ġȻҲǾѪǺȻľˣ壬ûнǵһ¡
Ȼһ¡
׻ʿһȫڳߵľ硣
ڴʱĹŷ磬ڻйһ磬д˸ع⣬ƣ˫ӡʱݻַţƬ硣
һִ󣬹ŷıׯϣ
ߣֻأǻɽӲƣ޾֣컯̺ͨ
ֻġŷ翪ڣһָ
渡֣ɢɵϢ֮תһûȻͶУκһ̬
ֻأǹŷȴҡͷֻ̬̫ڱ档
ԥһ£ͶУȻ˲ǹŷɫУȴǾһڵֻƬ𶯣С
ֻظǿ֮תǳ飬ȫӡ档һֻ̣ƬԶɳ͹ŷ۳ֻط롣
ԭġ
ŷ˼ףֻأһУȻСֻҪʵĴڣֻС
ֻҪ㹻ֻκ顣
һ£һֻûУץһħڶԷУֱͶֻС
һ̣Ǹħһ꣬ȻһӤջԴĻŷһָǸħ֣˳ȥ
ʱ䣬ҲֻС
ŷ翪ڵʱ֮ΪصȻһЩ߶޷͸ǹŷȴ׽һ㱾ʣʱ֮ҲֻУֻأԲٿʱա
ֻΪܹ򵽸ľֶΣҲѾ㹻ˡ
Ϊֹŷ翪ڡ
ֹֻأʼݻͨҪÿһֽͨ׶ܹļޡ
ŷҪ򷨣ȻиͨȴûԼͨսֻһֵͨͬȻܹԼսûֲֿͨı
ҵķҵͨҪŷ˼
ʥ˸ѪȣʱҴҹѾϹŴ죬һ嫵Ѫ˻죬Ȼǻ磬ڲ
ֻ絼ۣȻۣͷųȥȫӵпµܡ


1547 
ͨȫܹļޣǿӿ纣죬𶯻ش
һЩǿߣԽռ䣬ܵĶ֮ԶԶ뿪һȫҽӽȻһֿܹܵµѹһͷԼϡ
ŷݣһ꣬ҪԼķ
ͨȫӵĪܣʱҪȴЩ
ȥڣδ
ŷͻȻһվһȥվڹȥͷϡڣһδվδһ֣𶯡
ͨ񣡡
һ֣ͨŽδر飬Ϸ˸ʲôɱˡ
׽٣ޱȣ˾
䡣
ٴγֱ֣ס
һֿƣ綼ڲͨ϶Ҫ⵽ؼʣǴȴ޷ŷ硣
ŷֱɨǴȻ߳硣
ʧ֮󣬼Ӱ֣ǾȵĶһۣԷɫеĲ˼飬֣ͨȴ첻κˡ
ʲôˣǿ㣬ȴûκܹ
ø߹Ҵ֪˭ˡǸĻɫŹ֡
ŷչ꣬ڳֻ֣ǲ֪һƬдʲôڵһߣһĨЦȻԹŷһøжûС
ˣûйϵһĻߣת뿪Щ顣
˶뿪ŷһ̤Ĳ磬Ͻ硣һں
ۡ
һӰɳȥһը
ŷɫһֱӷ˹ȥ
С£û°ɣŷһѽסǸ꣬Ȼеʵ
Ǹ걾۽ߣŵùǺ˵֮·һ˼תˣ۾ʱɴˡ
ס¼˵ʹԼ۾Լһ
ŷЦЦµļЦ˵ңˣӷģԺ󲻻ܹ۸㡣
š
ºݺݵͷȻԼվ
ԷˣȫΧ£ֻûж֡
һ˻գŹŷ磬ʵǺˣ
Һӣʲôˣ˿Űŷ絭˵һ˫ӶŶԷһɱɱ⡣
ǹŷ磿Ǹǿ̲סʵͻȻ뵽ղ¶ԹŷĳƺףµĸȻǱˣ׻ŷ硣
ʵϣŷչ꣬ܶ˶Ϊ⣬˲ꡣϾ׻ƵĴĻǣŷ֮ڳأʱһꡣ
Ժܶ˶ãŷѾˣ;ۣЩһֱͣĳͻǿʵ˿·硣
֮˸ǿƣ磬ǶһоѪе⣬֮󣬱ս
˻ã׻ƾͲ˺ܶ࣬ǵĵ̫ˣͲĶ֡
Щ׻Ƶʧ󣬲ûгɳĺ󱲣ɱˡգ±ˣΣգ뵽˹ŷ磬˹ŷӦ˹ǲҲҪˡ

ŷ絭˵˻һԷȫ¶˾⡣
̤Ьٴȫѹ򣬾Ȼ㣬ƺƱն㣬ص͡ƺƴϲû뵽ԼȻ˹ŷ硣
һ֮һҪļһֻҪɱŷ磬ȻĽ
λѣɱ˹ŷ磬͡ɨԼЩһۣƺЦ˵
׳ա
¿һۣЦ˵
ǰȺˣȻǿ󣬵Ǿûдﵽܹɱ˹ŷĵزŷڱչ֮ǰЩ˶δܹɱοڣŷչسֻ֮ǿ
ϹŴ죬ҲҪӽˣܹŷľ磬ȴŷսȴһָоԼǺ͹ŷһսδܹסһ
ƺǲҪڵĹŷȣͲ̫Զˡ
壬칷һ壬лʽˣȻۣȺֻ֣Щϲģ۸һ󱲻УѵɱңŷɨһۣϴһĨЦ
ŷ磬̫ԴˣΪԼܹԯ𣿡ƺЦг˲м
ԯ죬ŷһ¡
ףء˵
ŷ۾һ¶һĨЦݣ˵̫ˡ
һ飬Ȼŷ߱Ŀԯûվû֤ʵԯУеĵǣ㳹ʧˡ
ƺһۣŷЦ˵ãͲɱˡ


1548 սȺ
Ц㻹ɱǣԼܻ˵ɡƺƴЦɫмŹŷ磬ڿһϡ
ŷ絭ЦȻһƳ˳ȥ
һȺȫ˳ȥڿѪϳֿµƣԪ𶯣һˣǿһֱĨɱǡ
ȻƺƣҲһѾ죬츳˫ԵǿƣǴʱȴĲһ
ľ׹ŷˡ
ٿȥŷѾʧˣУ̳Ǵʱȴ̲סһ
һָܣԸԻߣҲҪԹŷһˣʵʵ̫ˡ
ŷ£ֱӻص硣
䡣
һֺֻĳӨӨȴ̺ſµܹ˲ɱһΡ
ŷֻ֣ͬײһ
һȻ¶һĨЦݣһ̤ʧ
Уԯ챻ŷ籧ڻУһĻ˭Ҳݡ﷢䣬ǿߣȻ
˶һǿ֪ԯжôģͻڵľ磬ΪڻʵĴڡ
츳ʵƿ£ǰˣȴܹӡסĵط˶һٴеĸо
ԯݺ乭ҪһĻ
ͷϣתһִϣҪһС
³ǣȫ֣Ҫ֣Ļ顣
һ¡
һֹǵĶ
³֣ԴðһĨ亹Ͻ˵ҲҪᣬǱˣҸ׻ˡ
һ£Ӧ
ŷˣֻǣ۳ǵûм٣ˡֻ˵ɱȴʧˣȴһ𷢶˹
䡣
üͨһȥŷ۳ĹĻֱӱ飬Ǳѣԯ˳
Ⱥ쵰ŷ
ֵǣһ֣ԹŷʵԯݺẰһ
ŷϽԯƿȻһǡ
ȥ򡣡ŷ纰һȻ뿪
ȫȥҲҪȥԯһ˲СļսѾʼŷһ˵סֵΧײս졣
۳֣ѹŷ硣
ơ
ŷһȭѪ죬𶯣ֱӱ֡۵˳ȥɫȻ
ͬʱԯݺһµļ⣬Ҫһ㡣Ϣʵ̫ˣޱȡ
ѡ
ŷ翪ڣֱӽ顣
һֻ£߸Ǭ
ֱӽԯݺѹ档
𡣡
һ޴³Ҳ֣չ˿µĳֳȻһڻʵǿߣҲ뵲ס
ǹŷֻһĳסĹͻȻҫ۵Ĺâֱը³ĺɳȥ
³ѪܵŷѾĻԻᱻش
Фһɱ˹콣գ磬ǿޱȡ
ŷ絯ָһȥЩȫڳ֮ϣФ˻ȥ
ŷһֱӳȥһֻ׵ФĲһ£ФЦֱӷ˼
ʵϣļսѾŷնɱˡ
ںѪ˲ٶ֣ǶһۣԷеĸ̾ˣڵĲ࣬ȴԽԽˡ
ͬܳǹŷʵ̫ˣ콾
СԽԽ̬ˡ˹ĸ̾
һȺˣȻһ˵Ķ֣ϹŴ죬Ҫ磬̫ˡѪɫӡ
ӹŷ磬Ǵʱȴûʸˡ
ŷ羳ͣսȴµľ
ѵûз֣ŷղŸûʹͨڿڣ˵𾪵Ļ
ʶȻʩչͨȻԼǿֶΣҲˡŷһֱֱһȭ㽫ǵͨơ
Ҫ֪ڳˣģܹڻʵǿߣȻĻҲ͹ŷһս
ŷдı֣ԱԶԶԽˡ
ˣһ²ٺˡƲ죬һһִܵĸо
ԯݺῴ˹ŷһۣ˵ԺҪǺԯϲģǾԲᷴˣȣȷʵֻһϲġ
ŷǿԯݺᣬòƶˡ
ȿȣԯϲġŷֱӺһ䡣
á
ԯݺû뵽ŷ羹ȻֱŷһָԯݺԼġ
ţСԺʰ㡣ŷЦе˵
һԯݺ᳹ײ˵ˡ
˴Цû뵽ԯݺᾹȻš


1549 ŷ粻簲
ԯݺɫһڣû˵ֻǿĳǳΡ
ʵϣҲʲô˵飬ֻһˣ˵ȷʵе㲻˼οԯݺᣬһһ㶼ֵķǳˣʱ򱻽ҴϵףȻܲˡ
ˣҲҪ˵ˣǻȥɡŷЦ˵
뿪ص磬ͬʱŷȥ뽯ٻǡ
ŷı֣¶ȵɫǶ֪ûоԵİգŷǲԼţ뿪ɽġ
Ͼǻߵһ꯺ʹȻǻߣðɽǿƣЩǲͣͻƣȻ˻һ򣬵ֲͬ
аտߣԯݺ˳
ŷ΢΢ͷڻһ㣬Ϊ֮󣬲ڻһ졣
ŷĻ˵һһ㣬һǶ٣ǳΪɲڻһ졣
һı֣ûô޵ˡ
ڳ˶֪ŷ粻һ˵󻰵ˣȻ˵Ϳ϶оԵİա
á
˴Ц
һϲ£ʵڳҲףŷȻûдﵽڻߵĵزǶҲˣĻ벻ءʱ䶼ѾȥˣٵһЩ
ŷһҪ磬ʲô¡
壬ʹûκܹԽ֮ϣ֮Ϊµʡ
ŷع飬硣ǿǰݣǴŷ֣ɫһ֮۳ɺûŷüġ
ü֮У罣𶯣Щ֮ڲͣĽԼ
͹ŷһۣ罣ȻϹŴֿµܣȴԲϹŴܹȵģȻҲô
ŷֳͷųԼϣŷ粻簲
޽
Щ󺰣ǿ飬С顣ʵһͬ磬ûиߵ͹֣֮˶ǳƽȡ
ִֻߣά򡣵˶ִ֪ǷˣһҪܵ飬еãħҲһħһǣףҪסڵֻǿְܹñ˲Լ
ȽĵطʵУΪԵķչѾʵĹ͡
ڹŷ磬ǵĵߣػһû˻ỳɣû˲𾴡Ȼŷ粻ڵ꣬ҲףŷӱΣΪ˳еΣԸĵˣԲŻȥչء
ңʱ䣬Ҳԯػǣԯ첻Ǳˣǹŷӡ
ԣһֻܹùŷеĵλߡ
ŷ粻簲һԣҲһֺԸе飬ȵ˼㡣
Ǹߺŷ֣֮ӵȵӿ
ĽʵΪҲ٣վûйŷôߵĺ
ȻҲףԼҪﵽŷĸ߶ȣʵ̫ˡ
к֮󣬹ŷصԼλϣɫЩ̾飬ʲô壬ֻҪǺãǱãǳʵ
Ҳǹŷػǵԭ֮һһݸжȻŷȰ磬Ҳ˽ʮ㡣
Ľ㡣˵
ҲģҪøŷ翴һۣЦ˵
ֱӷһۣûŷ硣
ʵϣڳ˶֪һλãȨǴһΡ
Ϊ׻ƵҪػ磬ǹŷ˵ģŷ粻簲ҪǿʵҪܹ
ЦģôصĵӣԼʺϿŷЦǲΪ⣬ʵϣǰѾˡ
̸Щ귢飬塢;֮ŵʱ򣬹ŷ΢΢ͷǶǣûнǾȥǲܹģЩһʤҪǶˡ
Ļ߲ڣվһ㣬ûʲôеɽͻӦʵʽǺܲģֻڲ֣һڿ֣ûܹܻߵս֮£ǿܻд鷳˵
ʽΪ˽⣬˵Ҳǳ϶
ģʮ֮ڣҲڻߡ
ģʮ֮ڣҲڻߡ
ͬʱŷԯͬʱڣ˵ͬĻ
ŷԯһۣԷеЦ⡣
Ǵϲս˵ֱĶ룬ʵϣսϵɽͻǿߣȻһţҲԷ


1550 ²Ǭ
ʮ꣬˵˵ָ̣һ˲䡣ЩǿߣҲһ۵ѡ
ǵȵ𣬵ʱȻǿҲԱԯݺǣδֻҪɳһǶӵʶʵĴڡ
䡣
һµĹ⣬С
龪㤣ܵв
ŷ֣һָһ飬ޡλ飬˳ȥ
֮⣬ŷһȭѪ졣
һӰȣס˹ŷһ
ǬŹŷ磬ϴſµѹ߽٣һ˫콣·Ҫ˺˵ꡣ
Ǻˣŷʵ
Էʵǿ󣬳һһµĶ֡
Ǭ
ǬڣԼ֡
ʲôˣŷһ뵽һЩ¡
ҵܵܣҪս㡣ǬŹŷ磬ɱȡ
ֳǾͿ϶ǵˣϸղŶԷΪѾùŷŭˡ
Ȼˣ߾ûôˡŷĮȻ˵
ָ䷢⣬˸Ǭ¡׵ߵĴУĪܣǿĹ
׵ĺá
Ǭڣ֣ͬʮأ𶯹ŽһֻͬնȥƣǿϢ
ǲ
һƬ綼ѿ·ڿٵءһͣȻ飬ճ׵ɢ
ͬʱ˿ŷɫ¶һĨȵɫȻû뵽˾Ȼܹ
ӲһȻԯݺ̶ȵǿߣڶ
ʵŷ翪ڣ¡¡𶯡
ٴγ֣ɱȻһֻ£ɣ嫺죬Ӵ䣬һſǳȻըȫӵпµɱ
Ǭɫأ˫ӡַг֣Ȼɨ˳ȥֱӽȫ顣
һתһ
ŷЦѪգͷŲĹâһȭһȭ򵥶ֱӲ֡
ǬˣЩŭһֵˣ̫ᣬͨͷƴִѹˡ
쵰
ŭ巢⣬һӱŷ¡
ġ
ŷֱӺĶŻǬڿһ̬һ
ģӮ¿ˮĲղŻǬ³ӣǱ˵Ķˮɵġ
ŷȻմȾĶ֮£ֻ˱ܡ
ɫ΢죬ǬҲ֪Լʵ̫޳ˣǿ棬Ȼÿˮ¶ԷҪǴȥ޹⡣
ʱҲûа취ֻܹ޳ֶΣܹŷˣȻĻҪŷش
˫˵ʲô޳ܣֻҪܹʤǺõֶΡµ񣬻Ǭֻ˵ܹԼһһӡ
ǾͲҪˡŷЦ
ŷЦǬһսܵľãҪʲôõ鷢ˣŷһôһʡ͵ĵơ
Ȼŷһ֣һȺ˽ȨΧסԯݺϴһĨЦһϷʵĶŻǬ
ҪΧǬɴ۾
ֻҪʤʲôֶΣǶԵģ㲻ҪˡŷЦе˵˵Ļһ㽫Ǭҭ
ղֻһڿˮǹŷȴһΧһʸͲͬ
һȺǿߣͲô򣬱ɡ
ŷʵԲսδһȺ΢һǿߣȫǱŰķݣ߶
䡣Ǭ˫֣ͷ
⵹ùŷˣһﾹȻһǿߵĽڲٶûУǱΪǬ֣ǼսռֲסǷ²ء
ڿͲ£ǬʶȤֱͶֵûˡ
ŷ߹ȥס˻ǬȻļһ»Ǭ壬ͳٺö⡣
ҶֺöˡŷЦĵ⡣
Ҫˡ
սײҰɡ
˻Ǭ֤Ķȫŷչ˳һȺ˷һɾǲʶһǬûдء
һô죿ԯݺʵ
ŷ翴˻ǬһۣЩ˵ϧһ壬ȻĻǿԴԭˣڵǲ֪δˡ
ȻŷЩǬ
ɱ˶Էŷʱû뷨һɱ˵һʧ
ֻҪǶԷĲ̫֣ŷ粻ɱˡ
ȻҲ˵ŷ粻ɱˣԼ׼˭ǴˣȻѣҲ޷ֹɱˡ
Ҳûãǿʽ绻һЩԯЦ˵
۾һһ⡣


1551 ˿ڿ
Ǭǰһڣһιȥɱ˲ͷأЩһҪȥʽ磬Ժûˡ
ɱңҲͬġǬŭ
˻ǬһۣŷЦûʸˣҧԾĻ͸ʵһ㡣
ҧԾǬҪ
ˣǲնɱԪ񣬾ǱɱĲʣһѪοֻҧͷùŷڷԼ
ˣǻȥȻ֪ͨʽ磬ǴŶˣҪʲôҪʲôгһһܻٶŷЦ۾Źˡ
ʽ紫оԶкܶöҶҪǴЦ
ڻǬԼһӢǻٵˡ
Ǭ˻ȥȻŷˣ֪ͨʽ硣
ʽ֪Ϣ֮˶סˣȫǲšЦǬǺεǿܹͻĴڣر꣬˽ڻʵľ磬ʵǿ¡
ǴʱȻ²ˣҶԷҪñȥȫһεĸоǲţʵǲš
ʲô֤ݣ֤ǬץһߣΪڻһ죬ǻǬ
ɫѿŵˡ
ȿȣСǸŵ˵Ȼָͷһɫڿ㣬滹ǽ˿ߵġ
ǻǬڿ㣬ҪǾòŵĻţǻǬζǸŵ˻Ц
ţΰ£ܶһҪµĳ嶯
ΪҪ֤ʵǾǻǬڿ㣬Ҳǰһ¡
ʱһ绪Ůӣ˹ùǸڿ㣬оһ£Ȼ˫һ죬ǻǬڿ㡣
ðɣӻʽˣֻŻǬڿ㣬֤ݣʵˣҲһֳ衣
ǹŷ壬ȻɱǬǹŷҪһӣ˺£Ҫǣ¶Ļ鷳
ǬӾǻص˻ʽ磬ҲҪܳʱ䣬ҳ֣Ϊʵ̫ˡʹ־ӲҲᱻ
ǸˣǻǬİ£Ǹߣһӡ
Ǹ߶ʹ˵ĵλҲͰɣ
ǹŷСħҲץңҲɱңʱǬͻزˣһʶߵ콾һ˵Ҳֵˡ˲Ǳˣħʮ㣬ǸߣЦ⡣
óħһ㶼ģ㹻ĺ֣ǹŷԯΪ׼ģȻǷ⣬ʽҪ֣Ҳаհȫ뿪
ߣҪʲôǸһûжֵĴ㣬ȻҲãһϹŴԼһ˽ܵȻе㲻㡣
ħָָǸߵڿ㣬Цݵ˵ҪĶдڿˣԼɡ
Ǹһǳ鴤ֻܹһ֣ǸɫĽ˿ڿ㣬С
дĶʱɫʱЩˡ
Ŀǲе̫ˣЩһ䱦Ҹǣ̵ܹ𣿡ʽŭ
ЩõóȴޱȵۡΪҪߵһ鱦˵ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳѡ񲻸ûʲôħʼ磬һνӡ
ó
ʽ߽Ǹڿ㣬ӸһͷǸͷʵ㹻ǿ죬ǵڿдĶʱɫʱˡ
۰Ͱ͵Ǹߣһͬӡ
ǡ
ǻʽߵҲǵվʵϣҲ֪κ䱦ܱȵһǬҪлʽ䱦Ƕ᲻ͬ⣬һʧȥЩȻǻߣЩᣬۡ
ȡ֮ħ۾ˣСĽЩװ˽ȥȻЦе˵λģһȥ֮󣬻Ǭᱻų
ߡ
ʽǿȫߣħг˲ơ
ҲħˣΪս׻ƸûбҪرǵõô֮
ħ뿪ʽ磬ʽ߿ԼߵһۣȻ˵˼仰Ǹɫһϲ˺ѿռ䣬ֱ뿪
úħŻʽһ䱦Ϣ㴫ˡ
ܶǿ߶¶ĵɫʽһ䱦ʲôһõһˣУǲȱԴˡ
ǿ߶ȫҪȥɱħɱħ׻ƣǲںǿǰʿҲһĶԸðա


1552 ǿ߽ɱħ
ԡħŴԽ˼磬о˲ԣкǿߣΧ£⡣
쵰϶ǻʽֽšħаһ˲³ˣԼرʽ˴ȥˣǿ붯ҪԼĶ
һĨЦǺ⣬ǰȥ
䡣
ǰһѷ֣ȥ·ضϣ߳ħЦ
λʲôħʵֶȻΪˣȴһ㶼ڶԷ
˵ѵһЩֵ˲ţҪһ㣬õԴһ˵ϴһĨЦݡ
֪ǵĿģħ»ΪǺأֻһ㶫ȴ˵۾ɱ⡣
ˣҪװˣְɣƾҲҵĶǻòͷˡħ˵
˵Ϊ죬ȻԽħսȴߣֻͨƾõʱ䣬һЩԵΪǿߣǺܳڡ
ħоԵʱԸӶԷ
ֿˣڵǸɫһ䣬ʵ
ħɨһۣҡҡͷǿǡ
Ļشһ㶣ǿԼˡ
ǸÿǣУѣһ¶˷ҵʱ䡣ħһ£ڣһ㽫
ССһϹŴ񣬾ȻҲҴԲѣұҪֵ֪˵ŭЦɱȻ
ħƲƲ죬ɶû˵ֻĹ˹Լָͷ˼Զ׼
ɱ
·һۣȻͬʱ˹ɱȻҪɱħ
׳ա
ħֻ֣ͬشɱ졣
䣡
˵Ĳ˵ɳȥħһüķ⣬罣ɳֱӽɱ
ⶼǹŷ紫ͨ磬Ī
ɱħȴ˿ɲܹܵΧвԼڰпӣһЩ˵ʵǿ˺ܶࡣ
ЩˣֻҪԷ֣ûбҪǣֽһ磬һǿ̲סһϹŴϹŴ죬һɢޣǳޱȣ֮ħ
ħսԡѪŽԷشȻԷȥʧ
ûһƣɫħսⰺڷ磬ϱɱ⣬ããɱʵʣֱָ졣
һֿµɱúܶ𾪡
ǣⲢܹסˣû߳Զһ۷֣գǿޱȣ͵Ϯ֮£һħ
ǿߡ
ħ䣬ŶԷ
һµ壬壬ȫԳơУ壬һʱ䣬ݵͳһ˰棬ֻǺܵ˿µĴųû䡣ձǴеڣиյļȻܿ£ǿƵ˼㡣
䱦Ļǿƣħһӵ̬ȣֻУҲͬԾ죬͵Ϯ֮£Ȼû˵ħʶħʵԺǲǿߡ
һϹŴ۷սֱ֣
սɡûʲôϻħ⵱һĥ£ֱӿڣҪԷһս
Цһ㶼⣬ϾԷһǿߣǾЭˣء
֣ʥӿգȻҪȻħ
ħ˵һһֶϻꡣ
üĳһƣԪشˡԪһιһӱ㱻شˡ
ʵϣǵţԲǱȻħĺܸߣǻе͹ħս
䡣
罣ն飬ħٴγ֣һֻأɱ죬ԪУҪ
˭û뵽һսȻֽ
ŷӦŭ𣬵ǴʱѾûбİ취ֻܹʩչֻأ
һнĺܿ죬˵ķǳأǰˣҪָڵľ磬Ҫٵʱ䡣
ħȴûһɫ֪Ŀ飬ں档
ٴλ֣Լǰ֮ħǳԥֱӶ˹ŷǸıֶΡ
ħǰˣ쳣ǿȫǽڻʵĸ֣ˣǶԷĵ֡
ħվŷ磬ϹŴ񾳽磬սܽڻʵǿߡʵϣǣҲǽ֮󣬲ܹλǿһսħֱ֣ˡ
һӰ֣ڻʵǿߣŷѿһЦѣþòˡ


1553 Ѫǿ
ŷѵˣǱˣѪ֣Ѫڻʵǿߣһ𣬽ɱŷ磬δɹŷĻ֮ɫ΢䡣
ףΪʲôħôһ˱ȥħ磬ԭйŷһ֡
ǶһۣԷеء
ŷչô꣬ٴγֻ֣ǿǷǳɵĳɳٶȣһ޷ġ
ԭǹŷѣһжһᣬ˵Ҫͽ鷳ͽסЩ˵ġ˲ڳͻŷ磬ʵ㳬Խһˣڶ£֣ûбʤİա
ԭлλĺˣȻˣͷ͵λǿ·ŷ絭˵
ŷ磬ʲô˼ѪǿŷĻʱ̲סʵ
ǿ·ƱػЩǿߣЩУδضɢޣҲһЩˣӴǶǡ
㾹Ȼʲô˼λ˵ҵĵӵãλǰ濪·ǾˡŷЦ˵
ŷĻɫڣЦ˵˵ҲֻҸɶѣڹŷǿ·ȻԸ⡣
ܡѪǿ߿ڡ
Ϊʲôܣ˲˵Ȼҵĵӵ𣿡ŷѯʡ
ƿԣЩŭǸղ鼱֮£Ȼһɣڱŷץס˰ѱ˵
ŷ磬㲻ҪװͿǾȷ˵˰ɣһҪħϵĶģȻˣȻˣԸˡѪǿתҪߡ
ŷЦһҪôöԷ뿪
һֻĳȥ˵˻ŷЦ𣿡
ŷ磬̫Ѫǿ߿ڣ鵽زȻߣôףŷ粻ͬ⣬Ѿˡ
۸ô쵲סǣҪúýѵһǣΪ֮ĺ۸ŷЦ
ǰȥɱ졣
Ѫǿ߶һۣһХȻ֣Ѫ죬Ҫѹŷ硣
ŷ綯׷ޱȣûˡ
ͬһ㣬˱ɫǺƳȥҪ׷ĸǡ󣬺ޱȣû
ѪǿҪ
ֻǸոһӿµĹϮŷֱûУǵϡ
ѪǿߣȫɳȥԡѪһը
пӵĺܶ˺Ȼڻʵǿ߰ɨ磬˻ߣûܹƵסǡ
Ǵʱȴ׵ıˣһ飬ԡѪǱ˼㡣
Ƿ˳ȥڼҽУΪٴθ˵飬ڲԥԪʩչ
Ѫڻʵǿߵŷû׷ȥħһۣ˵ͷȻʧ
ħǰУѾû˸ڵŷղŵı֣ʵ̫ˣһķڻʵǿߣʵȻߣҲˡ
֮Уŷһ⣬ȻЦˣǲļһ
ܹŷΪǲֲεĸ֣Ѿ൱ľˡ
˭ԯʵ
Ѫڻʵǿߣɱҡŷ翪ڣƽûκȻŷһ㶼Ѿ˺ܶණվλòͬζģҲͬͬ
ţѪ磬ЩǺ֣ܰʱʱеʿһЩ嶯Ϊǲ鷳ܶʱԿԯ˵ᵽЩʱһ⡣
ԯܹͣǲһ͵ˣ뵽Щľһֱĳ嶯
ʵϣѪ磬ƽ壬˱ȣȫ磬ѹһЩʿŭѡ
Щʵʵ̫ǿˣһ߻;ˣ׻ƣǲһֱûб
һҳأ˭҇NɪȫЩһ֮ϵļһѾ뿪磬һ治ţʲôǿˣܹסˡŷŵ˵
ԯͷҲͬ뷨
˵ʵһ𣬾ԵĿ£ʮ֮ȫҪڻһ죬ȻûгΪʵ֣սȴԲˣ˻ߺ֮ϡ
ʱʵǿ޾κˡ
ӣǰݷùŷ硣һ𣬴һĨ߸ϵϣ
֮У΢һɧңӣǾ˵һʣҶ֪һǰȻһ򵥵顣


1554 ܵ
һôˣŷЩ⡣
ԯһۣԯʼ磬ʾԼҲ֪ɫдһĨ棬Ȼ飬ҲȤ
һŷ˵
á
˲Уֱ֮⡣ӵͬеĻһˣǷ
ǰôˣŷ羪ȡ
һǣ˲һ¡һۣЦ˵
ϳ˻ϣ˹ŷһۣЩ߰ʵǹŷ磿ĳӿŷ񣬲Ǻ⣬ڿԯʱ¶һĨ𾪡
ǰͲҪԼļһ߰ɣҴȥŷûӵĻͷ˵
һۣɫΣдһĨŭ𣬶ʱ̲סЦһ
ȲҪˣһ£λӣǾڵҲһߡӣ˽Ӳȥ
ŷ粻ÿɷһۣ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ŷԭǻ߼ٰʧԶӭпˣûʱкˣ¡
ŷ̬ȣӲȻŭû뵽ϾȻ˶Ի˲ء
ŷ磬ע̬ȣںһ˵һǾݵǰӦùҡ˵
ǰֵ𣿡ԯĵ˵
ŷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ۾һ䣬ɵӣԯ˼Ӳʲô߰ӦֻһˣȻĻԯ첻˵Ļ
ҵʱԻֻ֣û뵽ѾΪˣᣬԯͲҪᣬԵӵ˵
֣ŷɫֱӳ
綼֪ӹ죬Ϊ˻ˡӣΪһߣ֪֣ܲԾǶŹȥˡڶԷȴ˵ֱ֪Ц
ԭһᰡû뵽ɱ֣֪ǲҪȥԯٴʡ
ýͣŷܹԯĻУʱľơвߴɱŽӱˣɴ˿ɼǶôҪ졣
̹ŷ綢ӣ˵һ㶼
㾹Ȼͻ˵Ӵŭȣ죬ʮʱһŭҪһ㡣
ŷЦһָм˵ߣҵУ㻹һҶӳ֣ǰڳӣ㻹Ҫһ
ۼ˾Ҫ֣һϽǵм䡣
ȲҪˡͬʱһۡԿʮּɵһߣ̬֮ȷǳƽȣһָоӶڷȻһɵһ
ǰҪ֣ҪҪĶʵ̫޳ˣֶԸͬѪô˳֣Ϭ͹ŷЦӣһ㶼
;֮䣬ϵͲ̫ãڶһѪԹŷδ˷ѡû뵽Լչ֮ԼӳֵˣǾ˵ˡ
βŭһ£ʾڵ粻ǻ磬Ҳûɱ£ʲôŷԲܽЩ
ȿȣ֪һ̫ˣѾѵˣҲҪ̫ˣҪ־͹ҵڱչأ֪һУȻĻͿֹһˡЩεĽ͵
ߣû˵ֻɫзǳ
쵰㻹ˣҪǵıƢҲ㡣ӣŭ˵
ĻӿЦãû˵磬ҶǻˡôһӶҡ
磿ƺùŷһ㶡
ףΪʲôӣΪԷȴǿˣȻӵĴ硣
ֻǣǷĵܵܣΪʲôֶԸ졣Ҫ֪У׻ƸӶԷηӣôȥ˺Լĺأ
һУôĹŹ֡
ǿ϶ɻˣǽ˵ɣĺˡЦ˵
ãһǰһʹ졣ŷҲǳʹ죬ֻҲȥӣŷȻСǼȴҲʲô鶼ܹſˣ֣ǲһͣŷԲὫԷѡ
֮ӽ磬ȫΪǷĵܵܣ֮⣬һԭûС
ô£ŷ綢ŷʵ
ҲˣɫŹ֣Ȼû뵽Լһ塣


1555 
Ҳ֪塣ӿڣ˵һڲ֪ŷ΢΢һ㶡
˶ĿתǲӵģŷĻ
ҵܵܣһֱֻ֪Ǵû˵ǰҳأ֪һʱ򣬲ӵ֣Ӧý绢
Ŀ͡
ΪʲôüЩɻԼ׼ȻѾ֪ôһܵܣȴȥϣЩ֡
ʵӶЩɻ󣬲׵Ϊʲô
ΪߣӦһеģԷʱȴһ㶼͸һһ
ˣ񲻺ϣӲʱóȻϣ϶һҽڻʣѾһˣ˵㹻Ӳˣܹϡ͡
˵ֻ񲻺ϣڻʵľʱ򣬲ܹϣʲôҲʵ̫ˡ
˫ɷǡ
Ц˵ĸ֡
Ȼ˵˫ɷǣɷǲһһֵ˱ֻҪ˫ɷǣֵˣϣĻһ
֮Բӣ±Ǿãǵ񻹲Ӳ
һߣһڻʵǿߣѾ㹻ˡ
ǴСɷǺصʱ򣬱㱻˷ֿ֣ģֻǸʱ绢СЩ顣Ц˵
ˣΪʲôͻȻһֵܡ
ˣǰӣҪʲôģǸİɣŷ룬̲סʵ
ǸġĻùŷһ㶡
ڳ˶Щ㶡һߣһǻߵ˵Ǹǹδ顣
Ҫ֪߸߸ϣɨ£е۷徳磬ûдģʱȴҪһǻߵ˵ǸǴȥԻ¡
ڹŷʱӸɫǺ죬û뵽Ȼ˵ĻûеǸ˼
ЩۣҪΪ潵Ľడ
˵Ŀ⣬ӡ
磿ӿ˷һۣί
Ǹ찡һߣߵǸ߸ǿߣǻܹԭ£ҪƽʱеϵǸʵе
ûȻĻ͵û硣˵ֻȴκ˶ܹܵǷǳġ
Ӳ˵ĻĻĻᷭ
ΪѣǾĵӣùŷǶпЩ
˰ɡգŷ翪ڣ·һ㣬Ӷʱ˾ϲɫмŹŷ磬ֱҪ׹ŷһһ
ŷ类񣬿һ񺮣һսϽ˵㲻Ҫңеˡ
̲סЦӣ¶һĨ˼ɫ
飬վǽҹȥˡŷȻѾԭӣҲ˵ʲôϾǹŷĶӣѾƽˣȻƽϡ
ɫЩΣڻĵ˵ͷ
ˣǰ˵һ˵һĿİɡŷ罫Ŀת
һ£ȻЩȵʵô֪ģ
ǰû»һǸ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
Ц֪ԼȻ׽ŷǣһ߹ֻΪŷǵǸȴҲеˡ
һҪ˺׻ƽ˵ġɫ˵
Ļڳ˶Щ⡣
˺׻ƽˣеǲšϾ˺׻һֱǷǳϵ˵е˵ζһξȻҪˣȻеǵϡ
Ϊʲôŷüͷһ壬û̴Ӧ
ǳ嶯ˣΪģԼ棬ȻΪһ仰ͺͶԷˡ
ˣȻǿȴǲɺģھ˺Ͱ壬壬ʹ㸲Σա
׻ƼΣպвԶ׻Ƶϣ׻˵һ¡
ͬǾѪȻҪŽһġЦ˵
ŷ翴һۣ¶һĨЦ˵仰ԼŲ
ҲһߺףȻĶӣ飬Ҳͬ⣬ھˣôǿĵˣ׻ֻһСϺףҲǿɲ뱻ڻҡ
͸̬ˣ˲Ǻܿã΢΢鴤һ£Ȼ¶һĨЦ
ǰЩĻֱ˵ɣʲôԭ򣬲Ҫ˵ġŷЦʵ
ԥһ£ȻЦˣںΣա


1556 Լ
Ϊʲôŷüͷһ塣
Ҳ⣬Ȼţ˱֮һ峬Ȼϣǰ֣塣
һ㶦״̬һֱȫͻܹάȥ˵ĻӦǺȶĲŶԣǺΣա
ֻʣһңһ˽ɵʵҲ࣬廹аȣ̫ˡӿЦ
ʣŷǶһۣǱ壬ڻʵĻǿ϶ˡǾȴһʵ֧ǣǵ䲻ϡ
ôܣ˴оԶһֱδйʲôˣȻֻʣ˵ȥûмԸšŷҡͷ
ġ˵
ˣŷûвŵɡ
ֻǣ飬Щȣ˵ʵʵĿԡ
ӦǾĵܣֻҪǲ˵ȥ˭ܹ֪ȻͰ壬ҲܶϤɣŷüͷʵ
ʵϣȻǸ߰壬˵ֻʣҲţΪǵĲֹôǿߣʵǲľˣȻҲֻߡ
ʵϣˣûˡ
һԼʮ֮󣬾һߴսһʤˣ硣˵
ôĿŷЦе㲻м
֪ŷʲô磬˵Щ磬ȫͳΣȻ᲻ˬ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ˣûҪͳ磬ǵǺεǿ󣬵Ƕûˣݻ壬ųƲ࣬ǵʵԶԶ棬Ȼʲô롣
Эʲô˼ʵ
ǰģһֱҪΪĴ㣬ǲŻͬ飬ȻԸ⣬ʵǿ󣬸޼ɵӿЦ
ֲأͬʱͬ⣬Ȼһͬ⣬ûа취ǿ϶ǿⲻ˰ϡ
ʲô򣿡ŷʵ
ÿһɳߣ̨ϻսµһһģһʤ˵
Ļŷ̲סЦþǾһʤˣܹõĵλ𣿡
ܡ
һӺܸɴࡣ
ҪֻǾ˲սֻʣֻߣ϶ᱻǿʵӿЦ
ʹǽˣҲߣЩˣΪҲ۷塣ŷҡͷ˵
ԯʵȻҲֻ࣬Ҫǽˣһ壬һˣǳսʱǿ϶ỳɣֻãҪֳԼʵʱڸǹȥˣҲܹԼ硣һΪŷӡ
ŷɫŹ֣ӣӿе㲻˼
ʲôʵ
ĺֻ̰ܹʲôôأˣǻ˵пܱ߻ɱӮˣеͷһ治֪ʲôôʵĻαȥںЩ˭ָǣŷ絭˵
˵ͷһЦȻҶ壬ҲͬɣϾ˵û̫ĺô֮Уֵãֵá
ҪˣǰҲǾ˵ˡɫһЩ
һЦ˵Դͬ׻֮󣬱㲻Ǿ˵ˣǡ
ʲôʵ
һ죬׻ͳһˣҵʱ򣬻ǵĸﵭ˵
ֻĻȴɫڣ׻ͳһˣֻ˵
Ȼھֻߣǻвٺ֣ǱƼˣ߰ҪǣҪܴĴۣο׻ơӿʱ׻ƣȻźܶǱǿ󣬵Ǳվûбʵ

ɫһЩ˵
壬ⲻǿһţҪĻڱ㽫˲׻ƣҲܹһϵλȻĻԺԷ²ݽ׻ˣҪϣЩѡЦ˵
Ŀɿڴŷ綼Щֹһɶʱˡ
˷һۣû˵Ҫ˵һЩﻰʹʵעһ
Ļһ˵ȥȻͬĻЩԾҪ֪ѾǻˣڵķôأԲΪ磬зʵĻܶ඼ҪԴ
ڷȻϿɷĻԲΪĶԭ򣬶뻹Ϊͷ˵÷˵ľһʵ


1557 ˵ԭ
ɨһڳˣȫһɳ
ֲ÷ţʵϣ׻Ƶδޱ貵ģֻҪڳЩˣȫɳԹţ档
̾Ϣһ֮£ˣȴһƲӵĸоǿϡ٣ڻһ֮ϵǿ߶뿪֮󣬾ȻֻԵú
еЩǳ׿ɨŵķһۣ˵ǶԺˣҾǣ׽˲ˣ
ˡ
ŷ˵ֱİ塣ˣû뵽ŷղŵӣͬ⣬ھȻֱӴӦˡ
Ϊʲô̲סʵ
ҿ岻ˬ㹻𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ŲŹŷĻأΪ岻ˬͼһ޴ķУŷֲɵӡ
ȻŷѾͬ⣬ҲһЩʲôԼ֣ŷ˵Ҵ׻ƽˡ
Ҵ׻˽ˡ
ŷҲͬ˵ȴûзʲôԣ˫ȻΪ飬վһ𣬵ǽ뻹ҪһսġϾ˺;սѪ֮䣬кܶ飬Ҫġ
зղ˵ģǶͳһѪֻǲ֪һͳһ׻ͷˣͷˡ
ھ˵˾սѪһ˵һ־޴Ĳ䣬ˣµĻ
ŷҲһǵʵԵúܵĴ£ܹ̲˾ˣ׻Ʊ׳󣬳Ϊеľͷ
һѪưԣǾԿԱˡ
ȵŷٳɳʵĲ࣬δزܹ档
뿪ŷһ𣬿ʼۡ
ҪΪˬ壬ԲŴӦ;˽˵ġԯݺ˵ɫŹ֡
ʵϣ˾ɲףһģЩ˽ŷˣȴһ㶼⡣ϾŷһУΪɣ;˽ˣʵ˵ԯݺһ㶼ͻأ
ô׵𣿡ŷԼıӣûʵ
ȫ¶˵ɫ֮󣬹ŷ粻˵ˣ˱һָһ̣һ˹ŷԴ棬ԯ쵭˵һ㣬Ҫôûò
ôеڽСӣʶһ֮˲һˡ
ŷҲƣԯĴȴʲô˵ɫŷЦ˵ǣҪǳʲôôڶ
һ֪ŷ϶ʲô㡣
ѪվҪһͳģǱϾͬԴȻֿôʱ䣬վˣԣҴӦǽˣΪľӾЩǵĺøУֻҪԺ飬ֳ쵼ڵܣڹؼʱ̳֣˵Ļᵽ˭ŷЦʵ
۾һߵ£ɲ˵˵ģһģʱһͳ˭סһ׻ΪģֻҪŷ뷨ܹ棬һжǻ롣
ӿ϶Ҳоˣûа취ֻܽˣȻĻˣֻᱻǰŷо˸
ԯ˼˵Ϊڸǵʵӿ϶Ƕ֣ܹõǣһǱֵĻ࣬ģҲһִ̼ʱͶ׻һˣͻԽԽࡣ
á
˵۾ˡ
ǵƣǺܸǺãմߣһ
ҺϹһսԯ˵
ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҫܾԯðգ˶ģʮ֮ԻߣսҲ˿ǵֶΣԻһ죬źܴʤ㡣
ǹŷ磬ԼŮðգʹԯҲһ
Ϲ֪㲻ðգȴҪ˵һõѡˣͲҪ˵ˡԯ쿴˹ŷһֱۣİ塣
ŷЦ˵̫ΣˣҲðգϾǻߡ
ܹߡԯ쵭˵
Ѫʣ뵽ǸùĻߣ̾
ŷ޻˵ʵϣ׳ĸ˸飬Ǵһ棬ԯ춼ѾӦó֡
ãͬˡŷֻܵͷ
ϹáԯһЦڳˣȫɵˡ
ҶЩŷ֣ƽʱЦԯ죬ѾˣǴʱһЦȴ˼ҪϢһ
Ц˲伴ţŷ綼Щʧ


1558 Ǭ
֮УϢ׻ƽˣϢ˺ܶˡ˭Ҳû뵽ȻͬԴǼɳ˵Ȼˣζʲô˶ǳ
һģϵɽ硢ǣʵϾһѾԽ˰塣
ȻָֻеʿնԾҪ߶սĶԾ
ˣ֮УԵ΢΢ü
Իڵ棬ͬü֪ʲô뷨ǺȻǳ졣
޹أҰ뷨ұͲ֧֣ûʵ磬ʵϣ壬ûʵȴΪһӦһεԼǺͿˡԵҡͷ¶һĨ
ûа취ڰҰǰ֮µˣȻָңȴܹ塣ԻȻҲǺͬҰһЩ
һεԼԻͬԡ
ǳΪߣҰܣָӵȨԻʿ˰Եһۣ˵
ҶȨûȤҪȨһȫ㡣Ե˵˶һۣԷеľ
ʵϣָȨڰԻʵСֻǻ뿪ҰΪµĻߣ⣬ŽȨˡ
ҰǲԻҲͲˣǰҰȴһ˺ܶǷԵġ
ڰҰһЩΪѾˡ
Ұ֪Ѿ׼Ȩ
֮У˺׻ƽ˵ϢƺԪüͷһ壬е졣
վǰģȻƺƺԪƽƽȻܣǴʱܵ
ƺԪĻƺʵʲô˼
˵ʵûбҪ׻ǽˣû㹻ɣӦǵ˲Ŷԣǹ졣ƺԪüͷ˵
ȥһ¡ƺ˵
ƺԪԥһ£Ȼͷ
ƺ뿪ȥ̽˺׻֮Ϣ
߳ȥıӰƺԪһЦȻ۾ʼ
ħص磬Ŵջ۾ƶһ£Щŵر־ģȫ֮е䣬һܹοôܹ࣬˻Ҳйŷķһ·棬ȻĻȻʵǿһ㣬ڻʣҲز硣
Ų֥ö۴Ц
ҵģΡԯݺЦ
ǣȫҵԼҪĶǶǳˣһѡ
ˣлǬûзųȥءħЩյ˵
ħĻŷֱһ֣Ǭ֣ŷֱ˳ȥ
صɣҪĶѾõˡŷЦ
ǬһѪһͨ·ϵķӡŷ⿪µϢҪɱ
Ҫȡ裬ٳ֣ҲٽסһΣȻٻһЩŷڻǬĶУȴǶħһ
һȻתߡ
ŷǴЦȻЩսƷ
ڼʱ򣬹ŷɫͻȻһ䣬õеĶֱӵ˵ϣȻɫѿ˼㡣
ʲôˣʵ
ŷɫǾ֪϶вõ鷢
Ǭˡŷ˵ɫѿɱ⡣
ʲô
𾪣ǬǸֿܹߵĴڣȻһˣЩš
ϾǬʵأǻ֮еĸ߾ˣ˭ܹɱǬ
ȥŷ˵һʧ
ԯ˹ȥˣûиȥǺףܹôɱǬˣʵԵĳǺܶ࣬ǸȥĻֻķݣͲǶԷĶ֡
ŷԯ죬һƬŽ磬׻ˣһЩѪɢţϢǸղѾĻǬ
ŷ˫ӡҪǬԪ۳һ㡣һ˽ܣȻжԣ˵Ļʵ̫ϧˣҺпܣ鷳
ʽ˱ȻưոݣǸһ
ԹŷһҪǬԪһһ㣬ܹ֤Լġ
˫ӡȴһôûУǬԪ񳹵ʧֻһѪ⣬зʲô飬Ĩɱˡ
˭ֵģŷ粻֪֮УȻǿ˵Ĵڡ
䡣
һɻϱʽĻǰѪʱɫ䡣
һ˫۾Źŷԯˣɫг˷ŭ
Ҫ˵ɱģ϶šŷʼ磬һƵӡ
ǸʽЦ㵱һʼɵӣһ𣿡
ǬȷʵɱģҸղŸӦǬ£Ը˹㿴һĻˣɱˣҲң֪֪ϣ˭ʵܹ˲ɱǬŷʵҪųԼɡ


1559 սʼ
Ҳ֪֪ڻǬڣһֶΣȻɱ˻ǬʼЦ϶ǹŷɱĻǬ
ŷŭȴ˵ˡ
ϾǬˣҲֳҪͣͲʵϹŷҲףԼҲɵġ
ʼֻǲǻʽ緢ͻԲź͵ģĲɱģҲҪԩңҵףʱһȻˡŷ粻׼ͶԷȥֶԽԽڡ
ŷãûʼ侲뻹һףһֱ˵Ļֻܹ鷳
ߣʼɫ䡣
ŷû˵ж֤ߡŷٶȺܿ죬뿪Ҫܿһ顣
ʼһ˫ֽӡһĻγһܷ磬ŷ˷С
˿ЦãʼǷ˰ɣһʱ򣬾Ȼһ磬ǸԼҲʹء
ԡ
ʼһУҲʶ˲ԣŷԯ죬˲ͨʿȻǻߣԯȴл˻ߵսڹŷչô꣬ʱųأʵȻߣҲˡˣ治һʤİա
뵽ʼʶԼʹһС
ֻʱҪѾˡŷԯϵϷʣʼɫ
ɫ棬ˣͻȻ֡
ʼϣһսԲĶ֣Ҳʵ˵ûɱǬҪŵĻҲûа취ҹŷ粻ˣ˳ŵ˵öǬͲɱŷٴν͡
һ𣿡ʼЦ
۹ŷô˵šʼԼ۾۾ǹŷɱ˻Ǭ
̣˵ͨŷЩŭ
һ˵ԯ쿪ˣȹŷҪǿƵĶࡣ
ߣڻ֮£ֻԯְ
ʼҵ֪ԯԶԯļɵԶԶŷ硣
㶯ֻҶ֣ŷ翴ԯһۣЩԾԾԡ
ԯȻ뷨ЦЦ˵ȻϹˡùŷ֣ŷȻˡ
Ҫ֪ӷ˵ʱ򣬹ŷһ뷨ҪԯȻ󱣻ԯ졣һֱԯ춼ڹŷǰ棬ʵһֱǿ
һΣŷ׷ˣ˵սࡣԣŷԷǳŵվԯǰ棬Իʼ
˾Ȼ˭ȳ֣ʼɫڣһߣǴʱȴһֱܲײ˵ĸо
̫ˡʼŭ
ŷ˷ܵվӻʼŭ˹ָͷЦе˵һ٣һ¡
ʼŭ죬ɱ⻯ʵɱŷնȥ
ԡ
ŷ絯ָɱȥûжκֻͨǼ򵥵һȭȥ˲䣬ضҪһ
ʼ΢΢ɫ¶ȻɫŷսȻǿû뵽ġ
ԥһֻӡ˳ȥۣµĻ֮ŷ¡
䡣
ײһ𶯣ͬʱˣŷЦ巢⣬һֲԡһֻ£Ҫһ㣬ޱȡ
ʼϳһͷɨ죬סֻ֣ŷɨȥ
׺ɣȫʼѹ档
ͷֱӱ飬ɢµʼȫѹ䣬ȫһҪӡ
κβҡ
ʼЦȻ˵ȴһƬأ֮Уܵһֻʵ֪ǻʵµԹŷʵʩչԵĿ¡
ʼ⣬һս׸֣һսգס
ȡ
һս⣬ֱӽȻŷնȥ
һƬŽ磬ȫΪ롣Ҳֻлʼ粻࣬ơ
ŷüķ⣬罣ɳδǱƿУȻ֣ɨȥ
ʵʼսײµܡ
˵ˣһ̣ȫ˹ȥ
ɱⲻǷͨıƴˣ˾ȻչⲫʵǿᣬĶս
罣⣬Ȼսڹŷǿ似֮£սҲ·磬罣֮ϣÿе˺۵ʱ򣬱ӿ֮˲޸
һ罣ԽԽǿڽܴһ
ŷһϲ罣Խǿ˵ȻԽãΪһɳڱܹˣԺΪʱʵεȿ£޷


1560 ĸ
߼սʼ⣬ϺƵѹʮأҪŷ硣
ŷǿޱȣʣͬлߵϢѹ񷡣һֿµƣ֮ӣԷе⡣
䡣
ٴײս罣ȫͨ콣ȫˣ¡
ŷûٳ֣Żʼ˵ʼ㹻˰һˣܹսһ£Ҳ֣ȻΪߣҲֻа
вңʼŭ
ŷҡͷ˵в㣬ֻڸһʵʵϻǬԲɱģҲҪҳĻĺֻ֣㲻Űˡ
߾㻹ʼЦм
ùŷһֱڵɱˣȻһֱҳϣֱЦ
Ҫˣȭͷǡԯֱӣ׼֡
ʼЦ¶Ȼ˵ɫ
׳աŷҡͷʵǲ֪ô˵ˡ
ԯ߳ʼһ˶ţͬʱͷųԼѹԣʼ·硣
ǿߣȻΪߣҲܵ޴ѹ
ŷԯ죬ÿһ˶ܹߣʵһ𣬼ֱ̫ˡ
ʼûиҼ֣ղŷ罻֣һϲµľ棬˵֣Ƕ֡
ȻǻߣʱҲǴԼذܣ߹ԼҲ͹˵ʵ
ʵˣŷбŻʼ
ʼһû˵ǿǸӣȷʵʵˡ
ʵʹ磬ʼȷʵɱǬˣ͸Ź죬һҪҪôϵ¶ۣҲɵһŪڹ֮䡣ŷ綢Żʼ˵
˵ģʼʵˣΪŷһֱǿĲɱǬˡ
ʵϣ˵ʵȻǰʩչֶΣҪɱǬҲôףô̵ʱɡ
ŷݺݵĵͷģ˵Ҹоһ֣Ļ۲ǣҪǡ
˭ʼʵ
Ҳ֪ŷֱҡͷȻ֪֪Ļ˭ﻹõ鷳
ǹŷȴһԤУ鷳ˣǱʲôµĶһ

ʱ类˺ѣһָͷֱӵʼ
ס֡
ŷϽһܵǹϢϤޱȣǱˣȻǹΡ
ʼŭȣ֣ͬϢӿҪˡ
зŭԼΪߣǾȻʲôˣ֣һѹ̬Ȼˬˡ

˵Ĺײһ𣬻ʼɳȥѣ˿ں˵˼㣬иǴڴڵѪ
ʼɫ¶һĨ־壬ܵԷǿƣȫѹһսɣסС
𾪵ǣԷǻߣʵ죬ֿµսȴɱֻߡ
ߡ
˳ڻʼǰ
ϼһ
塣
ŷԯ캰
ͬʱŷһˣغ衣
꣬κͻݺˣݺŹŷ磬һ˫ŷȥ˼㡣
ڹΣǷǳװƣֶһµӡ
ȫǷνü΢棬ޱȣȻûκα飬ȴһִϣ˲ҵݺ˾پޱȣȻ˸񣬳ףվһͬһˡԵ˸̾
ʼŭǹŷĸĸû뵽ȻǿƣղŹһָֻͷһ壬֪֮ʵܶࡣȻβǻߣһʵȴʤƻߡ
ҪҺο˻ʼһۡ
ʼһ˼Ȼ˵ֻһᣬѾ˵ˡ
˵Թŷ磬ۼ䣬ҪõһôԹΣȴһ뷨ûУʼֹܹܵ淢ǿƣһָоȻԼΪߣǹζûнԼС
ûãʽȻǿȴУģ֮ε˵˵һ޹ؽҪ顣
ǻʼܹܵβ˵Цܹ顣
ʵϣʼҲţǰʽǿĻ߲ڣԲǹεĶ֡
Ĭŭȴһ㷴־ûС˵ŷһǹΣڣֻǾվһһ죬ȥ
̬а뵽ʼ˹ŷһۣ˵Լ˵Ļ󲻵ȹŷشתߡ
ϲġ
뿪ķ򣬹ε˵
ŷԯҲֻйΣ˵һǷϲİɡ


1561 һ
֣裬Щ굽ȥˣôĽһ˶£۸ŷߵĸߣûг˵꣬ʡ
Ҳȷʵе㲻뿪ûгɳһֱ̤ű˵ʬǣߵһеļѺͿֻ࣬Լ֪
ӣܿˣҲûа취⹫ĻҲôûм㡣ݺ˵Źŷ֣ᵽԼĸףǷǳĲ
⹫Ǹϱŷ粻ֹ
Ҫһ١οڣ
һ̣һ£ֱӺΡ
ơ
γ֣죬˵ϱ˵ӵţһ죬һᳬԽ㣬
սʶ˵ֻڴһ졣һ𣬴һĨЦ
ŷɴ۾Ȼܹ³˾Լ⹫ֻĻȴ̲סզࡣ
սʶ˵ĻԼ⹫Ƕôǿ󰡣
ǰˣɳ̲ϣǻʱȽϾԶô£һСⶼˣͣͲǰȻҪҵĻɱˣû϶ۡβмɫ
ߣ˶˵ͣҵҪɱصŷ⹫˵㲻˵
Цû˵ֻɫе񣬸ӵǿˡ
ߣؼҡ˹ŷһۣ˵
һ֣˻صС
ʲôˣ
һȻֱһͨ˹
Сһʵһ㡣οħһֱۣӽסˣվﲻܶ
ħɴ۾ʲôӵʵȻߣҪֱӽûô򵥰ɣ
ȿȣϼһҵСӣͽˣҪΪ˼ҡŷһ
ŹŷĻħָɣŷ磬ûиоʲô
𺳣ȻҲֻǱ϶ʮ꣬ʵʵ̫ˣԶԶԽŷ硣
ŷһָоʹڳɾҲԲǹεĶ֣Ҫ͹һս֮ͬʱҲһܡ
뵽ŷеƣòԼҲûʲôýġ
ǿ˹ŷ˼ο˹ŷһۣƲƲ˵ҲҪԷƱҾǸϱô꣬ҪǿǲأȻҺܲˬǸϱǲòϣǸϱʵе˵ֶΣǹǿģû֮һ
ŷȻһܹߣȫˣֵ̼ˣȻܹȵġ
ҹαһаԵļ˾
ʦλǣħЩɵʵ
Ҹףĸףʦʦ̡ŷЦŽܵ
ħ۾һɣֱӹϽݼˡȻ˵ŷĸĸ֪ŷĸ׾һһֱô̬ı֣
⺢ӲһߣҪŶݺЦ˵Ȼгһ׺һѳ˹ȥ
ŷ羪
ħɴ۾һһһ׵ģ͸ħоԼĺЩˡ
ŰɣҲʲôöСеǡݺЦ˵Ȼһֻϣһѻ
ŷӶɳˣЦɶʱֵǮˣȻһȫǡϸ֮£мʮס
ԯƽŮӣʱҲ̲סҡͷʵ̫ˡ
⹫ƵģʲôöҵߵġݺЦź͹ŷ˵һӡ
ֶ̫ˣõĶ˲٣ԲǺ⡣
ŷֶܹ棬е𺳡
ǸܵĶκͻݺֵʱҲһ㶣֪˶˭
ֻԯݺһ£εɫдһĨ־塣
ʱ򣬹βһ̬֮һֱǺܺãԯݺԹεʱһַԱܵη壬ʹԯݺʵѾǿ˿ԻܽڻʵǿߵĵزҲһ
ŷ磬λǣʵܵκͻݺɢǿʵȻ֪˲һˡ
Ұ衣ŷ򵥵Ľܡ
ʲô˾סˡ
ǷӦȫ̲ס̾żҹȻһ߳ƾ
εʵ֮ϣԶԶԽ֪һָֻͷһߣһöԷ飬ǿ»ӵ𾪡
ǶܲҲǺϸˣ̤սҲһȺοһۣۡ


1562 ð취
ҲǺϸǶǵۣôоŤǶǿ˽֮һһɳǺɨʮ档
ȴ˵ǣֻǿϸе㲻
ܲ˵Ǹطֻǰ䣬ɨŽ񣬵Ҳ䣬һµ磬ƼǿߣȫսΪϵ䣬µ˼㡣Ȼǵ뷨¶һĨЦ˵
εĻ̲סһ߶ǰ䣬һʲôӵĵط
磬ȱֻеļ˰ˣ˵ֻΣܳƵģҲֻСˡָǹŷ硣ȴûΪԿ䡣
ʵϣ֪Լ͹ŷ֮䣬źܴĲ࣬ȻԯݺԸˣҲס
ҵǱͱ֣ǰЩȣռڼŷʵ
εۣԼֻ㣬ǽܳףڹεУԼҲǿġ
ǿǿУӦ󡣡γ˼һ£Żصŷ硢ǿǿߣȫһǾãŷ缴ʹǿߣҲԲ࣬Ϊʵ̫ˣεĻǲ֪ԭˣȻڹŷ֮ϡ
ŷԼЩȻ𺳵˼㡣ãԼǿһˣȴû뵽ȻԼ׵Уλǿһˣȴĩġ
ϼһЩˣŷʵ뵽һ飬ԼδԷλۡ
⹫Ǹϱ˵ģǸϼһȻʲôöжϣǱȽϿ׵ġƲƲ죬˵
ҲǿˣߣҳɳǸ̶ȵʱ򣬱ȻǡŷЦԼһǿơ
˹ŷһۣ¶һĨɫ˵ʲôǿ콾ҹż˶ܹɨҹεĶӣ϶޵еġ
һĲӣ˿Цãʲô߼εĶӣӦ
ҲܹᵽǹεһţԼѪ츳޵Уɳͬ޵С
裬һ뿪߰ɣŷʵ
ᣬһУָһֶԸˣĵˣԼȥɱֻ֤˵硣α˫֣˵
£Щһ֮ϵǿߣѾ뿪棬ܹС
̫ˡ
ŷЦ˷ܡ
磬޹ǣʵԷſȥһЩ顣
ŷɫ֪ʲô˵ҪСӢۣһЩоԶĹŽ磬òҪ壬ûдﵽ߾ĻҪͼȴ塣
ǹεĸ룬ŷ綼С
ѾͷڳҵĶϱˣΪɲôһЩ⣬Ұһ¡ݺڣںԯ˵
ԯȻȺʱҲ̲סûзֻǵ˵ͷ
𾪣󣬻ݺʵǿʲôزȻҪָԯ졣ʱǲʶԼһֱעΣȴûעݺΪڿݺΪԲٱԯ컹Ҫǿ
ҲǣһµĻߵŮôܻȻǹΪǿ콾Ҳ࣬Իݺʵǿ󣬿֪
뿪ԯ죬ռ˹ŷı
һȺŮ˵ˣȫΧ£˹ȥĳݺǳˣ˸Ů֣ͬʱǣŬÿһ˶ŷʮ˸Сӡ
ݺķԸŷһѪǵء
ʵһ÷ǹżҵѪ죬ÿɩӶʮ˸Ҫˡ˵
ŷɫڣ˷һۣ˵Ҫ˵˵
ⲻǺ˵˵ҾÿУҪȥʹһ¡˵Ȼֱ뿪
ŷ絰ۣҪסȴûгɹã˶֪ǿŷг˹졣
ʲô񣿡ŷ絰ۡ
ȿȣҲ÷뷨ŷúÿһ¡ۿڣֹסЦݣȰŷ硣
ҲãѪԺǿҲּܹȼĴڣʱʲôĽɫ⣬һȫܹնԯݺҲڡɫ档
ֻǹŷοԯݺһĨЦݡ
Ҫд衣ŷ翪ڣһˡ
ǱɫҪߣȴûüŷһץס


1563 
ǽ֮Уúع飬˶ǱףϾʧȻŷҲûиۣͬ˺֣ıס
ʿУǽԼסĵطʼˡ
֮У˸ҼȲѣܹѹԷһ㲻ͻ
ȻˣҲкܶ˲ֱ꣬
Щͨһ㶼ģʱʵǿһֱǿ԰Ȼᱻϡ
ͬʱкܶ˹ıɱȫǿߣнڻʵǿߣȴûܹҵֵˡ
պܽţЩڻʵǿߣʼӣٸ¶档
ŷ翪ʼأҪ硣
Լһڹȥһڣһδһоת硣
ݻַתΪһ¯ȫɽԼУҪ硣
Ǽؼһγأɹ֮󣬹ŷһߵʵѪڣһתŨһγأǳ˳ûʲôѣΪʵѾߵһɹֻһֱȻ
䡣
һµӰڲãվ𣬷ྪ춯أƬС
ǿߣܹһӰһëѹǺӣ֮䣬µҶǬ
ŷ磬һ𣬲𶯣һĿµѷ죬޾£ȴŷһ£ǿƵ˼㡣
̫ǿˣ񾪺޷һôǿƵزֿµܣ֪
лߡ
һµӰ֣վھ֮ϣŹŷ磬ϴһĨ̾
һµ˽ܳɳˣԶɱʱȻҪޱ߷ꡣѪʿڣŹŷ磬к˸
ŷתǸܵѪʵɱ⣬¶һĨЦһмӡ
ѪʴŭһҪ֡
Ϣŭʵǿᣬһԯ죬ǿºռˡͭѪʵļѹסŭ
Ѫʵ˵ͷû˵ֻеɱ⣬ȴ˿δ
ء
ڹŷҪʱһ紵棬еǿߣȫ̲סһ
ǡꡣ˾
ǸܵеϢϳ˵еĲ꣬ΪɵĶȻڴʱˣҿƣǳ¡
ʲôһһɫľȻа죬˲Ϣ
ǲôǳɶӳ֣Щÿ¡ܶ˲ԶԶȥһЩ˶ҹˡ
νĲ꣬ǵԵķǴδоǳĿ־塣
ŷ̫ˣԲǳôĶ찡ˡǿҡͷĸ̾
һոҪȴҪĻˣͬһ㣬ʱ̣ȴκһۼ
̣û˾ùŷ绹ܹţùŷˡ
ŷ磬Լķ࣬Ȼվھ֮ϣһӴ߳ɫƽ
꣬ҪʶˣҪŪǵʲôһǳǿ󣬵ǹŷ޾塣
оʮŸսǿߣȫУɫľȻ
һìŹŷ磬κα飬һľżһ㣬ûꡣ
ŷ縺ֶȴǳ֡
䣡
ǳɱʮŸսǿ߳棬棬ڲ
һֿµƣȻһһ죬Ҫɫ
ŷüֱӳ֣죬һ㣬ѹ¡һˣû
һȫըֱӻ
ŷüһʵǿȻһһԣҲҪСЩͲ֣꣬°빦Щ߶ҪϬ
ŷ粻ô׻ɱЩ
ԣˡŷһ䣬һ
һӰ߳һϾȻһںڵսףаϢµ˼㡣
Ǹа˵ϣ˸ֻ֮ȻǺɫģ쳣Э顣
ꣿŷӶԷУһ⣬֪˼Ĵڡ
ûпڣֱӳˡ
ɫȫûһƬɫĺϣȻùŷһֱ˵ĸо
Щ𾪣Ҫ֪ǸߵĴ֮Ѿﵽ˼ߵľ磬Ȼ׵ߣҲ쳣£˵˺塣
꣬ȴܹŷ֪νĲ꣬ûô򵥡
Էʩչӡ׷һŷһԷѵܹѧͨ
ɺɫŷûУֿµĻùŷ΢΢ɫ


1564 ɫצ
ŷͬӡԷײ
ײһƬ貣ȫǽɫͺɫĹŷޱȣǵˣ໥ŶԷ
ŷ糤ХһΪ֤е룬üķ⣬罣ٻУȻݺݵն˳ȥʵǳȫը顣
һߣҲֻ֣ͬǽǺɫģ罣նŷ缤ս
쵰
ŷɫÿӡ֤Լ룬ԷܹͨȻԹ
൱ڹŷںԼսһξãԭԼȻսʤ
ɱ
ŷֻ֣ظգʱתҪӤʱڡ
һ̣Ҳͬʩչֻأֹͬŷ磬һʱ֮Ҫŷǰ
ŷֱֻըԷͨٵ
Хһɱָ޾ŷնԷͷ­
ˢ
֣罣նҪɱŷ硣

ŷƣ罣ײһ죬Χǳȫը顣
еǿߺȻǴԽϣȫ¶𾪵ɫŷ벻ֿµƣľ֮£ܹ󼰡
ŷ糤ХѪɱȥ벻ս
û뵽ǣͬ£൱˾Ȼ˭Ҳ޷ѹƶԷ
ǼҲɱһƬŽУ˲ײϰٴΣһ̣Ž֮һĵը飬ء
Žûлߣǿ߸ŭԣȫŹŷ磬ķŭ
ŷҲŭҲɼսŽ磬ʵû뵽νĲ꣬Ȼ˿£Ҫն˲꣬ѡ
벻ײһŷ˺գ˻С
ٴμսвӰ쵽ЩŽ磬ֻżһЩҲᶴ磬֪һҪˡ
˼ս󣬹ŷ˶ˣ
ͨ񡣡
ŷʩչԼǿͨԼһվڹȥһվڣһվδȫ˫ֽӡµ
飬ʱ֮񱩣޾ۣԵڲϡ
ҽһֱը飬̼ʧ
һаĹâҪɳȥԶŷһ֣ضأԳ棬ǸаĹâ
һȻһѽǸаĹâ
ŷ̽еʱɫʱˡ
쵰ŷŭ
ܵаıʣȻͨаߣû벻ԴͷһܶûС
ŷףΪʲôЩǿݺأ£Ȼ䣬Ҫ֪оŴΣһȫϤǵ֮ͨһγ֣ǽҲûκܶԡ
ĻЩǿܲܡ
ԴͷʲôԲĻһŷо˸˼һЩ
ڴʱ֮УͻȻһֻɫצŷĹȥ
ŷ级ȻǸɫĴצ֮УܵһֿµȻܹ˲ɱҲܹʧȥս
ʲôŷֱӶ˹ŽδԽڹȥںδʱգҪܶԷĹ
ǣԷҲǼϤʱ֮Ȼ׷ɱ˹ŷ״̬
ˡ
ǸצҪԼϣŷɫ

һʮ𣬹γ֣ɫأ˫ֽӡתǬµϱӲһɫצӡ
ۡ
ɫĴצ棬˺ѳһ˺ۣȻߡ
γ˹ȥ磬ֱźɫĴצʧ
ϼһĪ׷ŷ级ȻǼʶɫĴצӵģ֪һµĴڣȻδǺɫצӵĶ֡
ȴûŷĻʧŷ綼ܲһϢ
ŷ׷ȥҪҳȥһжͽͣ˵Ϊ;磬ԶԶĳԽ޷׽ȥ
ŷվһƬûߣڵȴλ
ú󣬹λع飬Ѫв˺ۣùŷ翴ľǿͬΣȻҲˡ
Ǹ쵰Ҵˣʮ֮ڣٳ֡ҧгݣȻսܶԷǿǺܸˡ
ϼһôͣû£ŷڷЩ٩˵
͸ƨǲǱ˵һͼ֣ӴˣҶûˡԵúܲˬȻܲԼı֡
ŷʵ̫ˣ뺷սûһ춼޷󼰵ĸ߶ȣȻŷ֪ԼҪﵽεĸ߶ȣĺԶ
Ǹʲôŷ̲סʵ뵽˻ǬĲղŵǸ


1565 
Ѿ˵ˣĳЩĹˣǻְҵСε˵ûȫشŷ⡣
ĳЩʲôŷ粻֪ͷûн͵Ĵ㣬ҲͲ˵ˡ
ǻص磬ŷΪϢ£вٹŽءһ磬жһİѩһЩĹŽ磬˲ˡ
ڲҲĳԱ
˹ŷҲʶԼһ֮Ե꣬ʱҲɳʵУҲǿ
ŷɫ쳣ľη˹
Ҳʱǰ
죬ǸʱԻʺͰԵ𣿡ʿǿߣų˽ܣʱŷأǷǳ˵ģҪ֪˾ǰδǼһԸѵҪѪ
ܶڲ²⣬Ļܶ磬ܵѹΪ;̫ǿˣһ𣬱磬Ҫûл·
лλŷӭӣʸ
ԻʺͰԵͷȻ
һǿ£ǹսǿϢʱҲ磬졣
˹ŷһۣȻͷûиżҶˡ
˹ż˵ģӦ㡣һ˳֣ǹΣʶսɫơ
Σû뵽㾹ȻҲˡսͷԵ÷ǳƽ͡
εһЦû뵽黹أʵһ㣬ȻĻҪҸѿ
˵֮󣬹뿪
սʼ磬Լλˣ˽ȥ
ŷ絹һ㶼ģйѹһСսǷǳȴԲʱĹΣŷͲġ
ܶ¶ɫǲ֪εݵģʱܹս֪ĲǶڲ²⣬ǹŷĸˡ
ʼ߼ݵ
һƺ˶һһ֣߳ʲôģǬ˵ʽ͹ŷǣӦ˵Ŷԣʱʼ֣п鷳ġ
ǵϣʼûһжԵӣƽŷͣϲ硣
Ǭ飬Ѿҹʼ˵һУûʼףǬǺ͹ŷûйϵġ
׻֮УйǿߣȻٺ׻ƶһˣҪ͹ϵġ
ǰݹ٣ʧԶӭŷ翪ڣֱӳƺǬΪǰܴӡ
ʵϣԹŷڵʵԺͻǬƽƽ
ǬҡͷЦ˵ҵǰƺǰϲѳΪ
ǰˣŷ·ʼȥ
𾪣ǬҵŷǰһֶԹŷϿԭȣй²⣬ŷΪ֮󣬶ߵʵڿпʵˡ
һһ죬ͻһƽƽʵ̫ˡ
ʼУܶʿڹûֵùŷӭӵˡ
ַɻ߼ݵһһ
ַɣǺ;Ѫ֮䣬ͷһǰѵҪ׻Ƶ鷳
ߣԵǿƣǵʵǿᣬԺɨ
ܶʿ͵͵ȥŷɫȴδֹŷɫκα仯ǸûʶַݵǶôľˡ
һ߼ݵȣʮַһֿµѹȸղŵĻʼҪǿƺܶࡣ
ڳ˶ܹܵ񣬶ַɣɫη
ŷǰУǸûиַܵɵϢ˵߹ٱν磬ʧԶӭ
ͬ·Ƕһߵء
ַɵĻֻ࣬˵һ乧ϲȻ㲻˵ˡ
ֻҪʿַܹɵɫǺܺÿһĨأʱĴڹŷϣԵ÷ǳء
ȻڸܹŷʵǣóĽۣȴĲ
ַܶɫȻһЩŽĴľǱǼ׻ƺ;˽ˣŷǲԲʱ֣ϲŷ磬ȥû뵽徹ȻҲˣһһʣ֮׻ʲôǲǴ鷳
ʱҲܽͣĻֱӾ͵ڵ׻ơЩַɲûעԼ˵ʱ򣬲һ
ʼ֣Թŷɱ˻Ǭû뵽ǻʽ羹Ȼ˲ǰӣȻףأַɽĿתʼ
ʼΨһĻߣֵȥ̸ˣַɸͿϡ
Ѿˣ͹ŷ޹أ־ͲҿˣǶԼеʼ˵Ǻַܸɵӡ


1566 ʼ
Ҷ£ַ۾һС
ʼû˵ֻɫУȴԿôһ˼ܶľ˭Ҳû뵽ȻλȽ֮ǼȲϣȻֻ˵һ仰ֻҩζȴ˭ܹоġ
֪ĶҰַĻԼսһĨм
ַת˹սһۣ¶һĨɫΪ˭أԭǹսǸһ㱻ԼӸɵˣ㾹Ȼ̻ŷ磬ѵѾڹż𣿡
׳ա
սΪֻǵĿַһۣȻ˵һĻ㲻
ַɴŭüüͷ뷢ȴֹսͻʼͬʱԼϡ
ͬʱһŮӳ֣λ档
ʶŮˣǱˣԯ졣
ַɼϢȫѹƻȥɫĮЦһ˵
֣㹻ǿҲǡַŭû뵽һַɾãԼ磬ԯ͹ŷ֣ҲδܹԼҪôôǴʱ֪Լס
ʼ֪ΪʲôȻվһ棬Ϲսԯ컹йŷ磬ǷĻᱻɱ
ַɲ֪ʱУֲˣҲֵĻһߵĻᶼûС
ȻԹεĸ߰δؽַɷС죬ŰһĴڡ
ߵĵĻߣȻǰ
Ѫʼ١
һѪĻߣɢŻϣ˸ܵ޴ѹ
ǣеʿȴǺ⣬ڰ֮ǰѪʣѾǵ˻ܡ
ѪɫƽûиܵЩĿ⣬ŷ໥֣Ȼ˻᳡С
һ̣ͭʳ֣ޱȣѲӣ۽٣Ȼŷк˱ʥʼ١˾ٴκ
ŷ磬һ𣬰˱ʥʣǴû˵˭û뵽˱壬Ȼһߡ
һʽ٣ʥȣǰ˱ĶϢѹ졣
ʥ֣ݣܹܵʥϢǿƣȻڻһ죬Ǿٮٮߡ
ŷ۾һУû˵Ϊ׼Էʲô⣬µģȴһӭӣ˾Ͷˡ
ϲѳɾ֮λսܹҵƽƽʥʿڣϲŷ磬ʲôͶ⣬˶һָо߲ơ
л
ŷ罫Էӭȥֻɫȴɡ
ͭʡѪʡʥʣ֣߳һֺܲõĸоҲʲôﵽ
ڤʷݽ١˾ЩһС
ڤʣ𾪣磬Ǹطˣڤʣڤϵ䡣
һһϣǸݣǹŷȴһָо˾ԲǱ顣
ڤʴݣʧԶӭŷ繰֣̬ȲǺأϾ֮䣬ѡ
ϲżһȻΪɼ壬ڤʿڣϸŮ
ŷҲ⣬ʵҪԷĹڵı࣬ѣֻǹŷ粢Ϊ飬ڤʷͻ
һǿе̫ˣŷ粻뷢ͻĻҪˡ
ʵȻǿЩߣִ֣磬»ӣ鶼Ҫ١
ڤʹˡŷ絭˵
Цһڤʼҿûйǽɼ壬ôɱϣŷôĵӡ
ʱһ֪ڤʾ鷳ġֻʣŷ硣
˼Ǹɱŷ絭һЦֱ˵ڤʣʮ㣬ûһƵı֡

ڤʴȣгһƣǱ˺ѵġ
ס죬磬ܹҰĵطҪףأҵˣףأ̹һΡŷ翪ڣء
ڤʸǿƣ˸Ųʥ⣬ƽѪ죬µƣڤʡһʾڤʣҪѹ
ڤһ˸էּ֣صĴ໥໥棬ڤ˾̾
ôĿҲֻΪֻһѵŷ˰Ե浱ԼΪԺɨ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡ڤʼ˵гɱͲмŹŷ硣


1567 ڹ
ûʸ񣬲˵ġŷ絭˵ʱ򣬷ƽѪջȥһͨˣһϢûС
ǴʱȴһָоʱĹŷ磬ӿ£һѵơ
ڤûгֻ֣վͻȻλ֣Ϊ
ڤʵĻַ˳ͭҲ˳ѪʣʥʣһߣվڹŷĶ档
ѪΪǻǰĻ˰ԵѵͲ³ΪеĹ𣿡һһߣͷɢ壬ֻɢϢȴ˲ӡ
䡣
һȵ𣬹ս֣ȡ
ѵҲҪվһߣߣʵ
սʼ磬ҡͷ˵ֻǴ͵ģҲ롣
뵱꣬һ㱻Ǹɱѵһ㶼㣬ձҵȣһ硣˵
䣬㵱ûѾǺˣЩ飬òҪ׻Ʋеô򵥣ҲôøģˣЩ˵սҡͷɫдһĨΪȻ
˺ܳʱ䣬ôδɹ飬ڲһ죬ȻԵֻ׻ƣǹսҲãκλᡣ
Ǻǣȴţҷп𣿡䵭Ц
ɵΪĻ𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
˹ŷһۣս΢΢ͷǿ϶˹ŷ⡣
̫ˣĹҪˡŷָʣƽ˵
ŷ羹ȻҪʵĹǣǾԼǲˣҪ֪ʵĹǣ̺ıͨҲΪһ֣ǾԲܳġ
ҵĹǣǸðɡʵһЦһ㶼ȴܹܵϵɱ⣬ӵˡ
ߣҪƷ׻ƣ̫ˡŷһЦҪٻԼĸĸ
ΪǾߣЦĻʳ֣ԹŹŷ硣
һʳ֣Ҫɱŷ磬ȴժ˫ǣʵأ֪ô£Ȼͦ˹ȥû꣬ʱֱָӸǣ鷳
ߣŷһ
֪ûбĻߣգҪȴѹŷɫѿߴߣЦȷʵҪ׻ƣܿϧ
ЦΪԼ˭أԯһסʣ˲ϣɱЦɫм
Ҳɱ𣿡ʼ֣վڹŷһ
ŷ羪ȣû뵽ʼȻڹؼʱ̣վԼһ档
ʼǳǣ֪ʽ͹ŷ֮䣬ѻѡü˵
ܲšʼ˵
߾սȻأǲ֪йεĴڣԵúǵǡ
׻Ƶĸ߲㣬ģǷһƽվ뷨ûС
йκͻݺڣȻߣҲ׻ơ
սԥһ£ͻȻҲվ˳
ս㲻˵κϽ𣿡ŭʵ
սЦЦȻ˹ŷһۣ˵ͻȻ뵽һ⣬ǰҪɱҵĺ󱲣е̫ˣûа취ֻܲκһˡ
˭ĺ󱲣ڤʼʵûеȵսشڤʼ˵㲻һһ㱻ɱ˵֣ĽԼżҵˣ˼ҳϲ㣬һء
ȥġ
߰ͬսֱӿĿɭȻڤʵϣ˵˵Ҿ͸㣬ڿʼӾͼƻô֪ҵģϣҲǸϻ쵰Ǹǿߡ
ʲôڤ䣬սŵˡ
飬Ƕǳսһٵ˾Ѫǹս֣תǬһĻһ겻
ս˵Ҫĳ壬ǾҪСˣΪпҪ
ĻңûڤսĽɣȻĻǵսˡ
˶ͣڤʣ˻ʡս˵ǳ
˻ʵˣɫˬ
УȻѪͳͼվĽףڱ˵ĶȻˬ
һܶ˵Ц˳ǵڹǰˣѹʻ᲻ˬˡ
սҲЩΣûʵĻĿⶢڤʡ


1568 ߻ع
ʱһսĴǿߣˡ
ԻʺͰԵ˹Ƕַɣһս
ҲҪκϽʡ
Եҡͷֻ壬ֻҪ壬ݺͰ壬ͬˡһв˵ʵսһַɣܹпܻܶԷ
ԻʵʵǰԵһӲߵǿߡ
ڣȻռƣȴǺԡߣҪݿ࣬еѡ
һŷƴпܻǵˡ
Ȼ׻ƣɱŷЩȴܵκ˺
ɫԥ
ôҴˣŷʡ
ɫĮڹŷϣ¶һĨЦŷ磬㲻Ҫ⣬ҵߣҪɱǣһ¡
ˡŷ絭˵
ʱоԵģԾѹЩˡ
ߡ
һԥҪ֡
ڴʱͻȻµϢ鶼ܵһɼҪϢĸо
¶ɫܵϤϢĿꡣ
ǣʵľ
ǸܵһֿµѹͬһĴڣȴǲͬϵϢ֮
߻عˡ۳˵˵ĺëը
ߣͻվͬ߶ȵߣ£ҵ˹·ܶ˲һĩռĸо
磬߾Ļȫ뿪ĻߣǻһĴڣ˭ܹĵ۵ǿߣ
ˣˡܶǿ߰ǽڻʣǸոս龳磬ǸֿܵµĵֲޱߣҪ
ɫѿΪ߻ع飬һʱ㶢Щߡ
ҵ۾ˡһһӣӹŽδĮ˵һ˫ɨ磬˶ֱܶӹĤݡ
ǵ۵ߵһһ𣬹ŷ뵽ǸԳƵ۾ӦñǴ˵
ţɨŽɴҲˡһǿߣͬǿ󣬿΢֣ȴһִϣȵ۾Ҳ١
һ۵ߵ綼ʧˣǿߣȻЩ߾߻ڣ¶סοڣֻлһĴڡ
߻ع飬磬һɺڿ־壬Լ
򼶵ǿߣܹܵԹЩۣһţȴ޾£ʱع飬ǲء
ףôϡ٣һȵ𣬵Ӱ˳վھ֮ϣӲã档
һŮӣվһ˫תһ㣬޾˸۳
һŮۣ˫ļʧɫȴǿƣһֻ£ȻץһʣС
ôֻЩЩǿĻʶȥˣŮʵüͷ΢΢ƺһһǿΪ
֮Уȴ˸ڷŮ̫ǿˣʵǰˣʸ
ץеĻߣսսȻվʿߣǴʱҲֿŮϡɫ±Ůۻɱ
˵Ůۿڣ¡¡߲ڿѪ
ֻһһ죬ܹĵ۵ߴȣǵ϶ܲס
ȫ뿪ˣһƬս֮Уһ֮ϣȫ뿪Ǹ߿ڣŮһϢ
ǸطŮӾȣȻ¶һĨЦַ⣬Ǹֱը飬ڷ
һ䣬ȻѾ뵽߻ع飬мҵĶȴû뵽ɱһߡ
ˣˣӽ쿪ʼҪ֮УлʵߡŮۿڣ졣
󣬾ȻɢľϢ
ӣĻǲеˣڹŷľʱһ𣬾ȻǸԳΪɵĴۡ
ŮӣƤЦȻûиղ޵еϡ
ţѵвܴ裬ҪֻһŮ˵ûһתء
ĳһִޡ
Ҳûʲô͵һˣع飬ǲҲǵõ˲ٺô𣿡ɼ˵
Ҫ£Ůɫ䡣
ɲһٺһЦڨڨ˵ĸءûдǵ˺˼Ůۡ


1569 
磬
Ů飬һԺŮ۱ȼǿڣȴųŮۡȻҲףǸɴۣȫûбҪΪԼЩ˵ǳ˵ԼһΪѡ
쿪ʼɣʵжϾŮĮ˵Ҫ֣Ĩɱʡ
ʵԿһ㣬ɨ磬ɱлߡ
磬лȫľЩʿҲһǸܵһΣĩռ١
û˿Ůۣ˭УȻߣҲסŮһ
Ϊûи߾ߣȫǻһ죬Ůֵ𾳽ĸ֣̫Զˡһٵ۵ߣ£һոս߾磬̫ˡ
ŷľҲͬо
γ֣ɫء
ǣſηޣһףղŹŷǣΪʲôġ
ɢһֿµѹԳԽǣڻݺȻڻ߶죬Ȼ߳һС硣
ܹжϳղһսǾԱذܣûһսʤĿԡ
ڣһжҪˡ߻ع飬ȻһҲûκôԷҲҲֹһȻҲܵסٸ۵ĺɱ
鷳ˡŷֹ
û£İɣϱڣЩΪΪġεһ㶼ģһĲӡ
Ļڳ˶ڶУ˶һ
ϱƺİ˭Ҳ֪˭ѵŤתǬʵЩһ죬Ȼ֪ԼǰǱ˱Ǹطģǰַڣ֪Ǹ˭
䡣
ڴʱŮ۳֣һֻѹ䣬ֱ׻ɱ׻ƣֻʵ̫ۣôĻߣһȻǵһĨɱĶ
лߣȫľǴԼǿĹҲסŮ۵ɱ֡
ֻǣֿµĵӹ˶ȻǻߣҲܺǿŮۣȫͲǶ֡
ããܹ֮ΪŮ۶ֵˣҲָܹݡ
ŷҲ׼֣ȴסҡҡͷ˵ʲôûġ
Ȼ˵ǹŷȴƽûкԼ⹫ദȻζԷ
ڴʱһƽӳ֣˴ֵǰ档
һضŮ۹
ӣ겻ôƢ˱ˡӿڣдһĨ٩һ˵ţŵ˸סʵĹ
ŷ翴ӵòЩȵغ񡣡
Сѣþòʵǿˡת˹ŷһۣЦк
ŷͷе㲻˼ʵһʿǲˣǺͻǿȣȴһ϶㲻ϡ
Ŀ佱Ȼ᲻˼
ȻҲ˭Ķӡŷ粻˵ǹεһ㶼ֱϿ˻Ļ
ȻʧЦһ۹ΣѺΪ׷ҵȣҲʱˡ
ȻǸϱ˵֮УеļԺڿȻ˵
ԻܹдˣҲֻˡ
żȫǹθһڣаԵĵز񣬶ϿɹεǱΪǿԼ˽ܡ
㻹ûŮ˵ϱµɱ⣬ֱָ
ɱ⣬ֻҡͷǲһЩû꣬˶±ˡ
£ֻҪɱһͲõˡŮЦɱʵʣŻ
ʼ磬ν˵ɱң仰Ͳ˵ˣӣӻòе۾ҪȻǰǸطɱΣ
ȻǸ磿۾ڣأޱȡ
ͷûԼ뷨Ц˵磬ѾҪˣ֮ԵҲҪһȥǸط
һˣ۾ޱ顣
ЦЦȻ˲Զһۡ
һ֣վûɢκοµϢǵֵʱŮ۵ɫˡ
ϱŮɫѿ
ϲּˡɲ񣬵ȴǸк
УݺЦŷܵ⹫
ŷɴ۾Լ⹫ǸлߣȫǸսĿµļһ߶ϱĳǿߡ
Ĭһ£ŷſڣۡ
ȿȡ
˶ԼĿˮǺסˣŷг˵Լ⹫װۣһ̫ˣ⹫һˣϻʵߵ


1570 ǿϱ
Ů۽ĿŹŷЩ졣
磬Žδ٩ϱˣûм
䡣
ϱ΢΢ɨ˹ŷһۣɣŷûȻТϱҪúõĽѵһ١

ŷһ䣬ͬʩչЩĵط
һƵ磬Уȫ𡣹ŷͷ亹ϱŭ˵˵һĻ㻹װϰ֣֧뷨ȵɳǸȫҪ
ȻΪҹεĶӣҵ뷨һġδЦ£ϱһۣ
Ȼɵǰǿɲϱ鷳ԼŰء
磬ͬϱһŮһϱҲǹƵġ
֪Ϊϱԭ򣬹ŷһ겻ܹžۣݺΪϱŮԼĸ׳Թ
ϱ΢΢ҡͷ
ϱҪҽǸս𣿡۾ڿڣɫƽֱϱ
֮УѵõļԺϱƽƽ
Ҫǿս߻ع飬ȥսɡϱڣƽȴӵһֲΥǿơ
һȫҪȥϱ˵
ԼıӣеƵ˵ϱҪòãӸջҪúһء
Ӯ˵ˣܵʱ򡣡ϱ˵
ɴƲ죬Ц˵ҪʵˣҪӮЩˣô򵥵ģǿʢԶڣʮŻ𣬳ʼʮȫսһʣ£ֻЩϹǹӲдΪҲ֪𣿡
ʮŻ𣬳ʼʮһֲ֣ߺ͵ߣѵһˣʮδسһеİ꣬ǧ꣬޾£δл֡ǰȻôĻ𣬶ȫսˡ
һЩʲôӵĵˣڳˣһֻĸо
ʼߣضȻΪֹλȴȱһֱʤԱܣΪǣ͵ȫǴʬɽѪ߳ģˣʼǿ󡣡ϱڣڽЩսܵԭ
ȻˣҲ˻Ͼô𣬻ߺ͵ߣ϶ٲˣսˣ˸ǲЩ˵Ķ֡
ѹǿͬɣڵǿߣ֮УҲȥǸط
ѪǱǰȥ۾Ȼ£ҲһֵˡϱĿתƵɵϡ
۾ɫƽվھ֮ϣû˵
ŮȴЦͻȻɫһ䣬ɱϱ
Ůۣ㲻ҵĶ֡ϱ˵󣬵ȴ춯ءһ𾳽ǿߣܹ˵ĻԼǿơ
һֻĳûκϢ棬Ůȴ͵رɫԼ˻
ɫӣϱһŭ⣬û뵽ʵǿˡ
ʹһͷ¿ôʱ䣬Ҳܹúοһ㲻þᡣЦе˵
ɣȻôĳϱǳ鴤һ¡
ϱΪȻôĲУŮﶼҪ㣬ʧܡƲ죬ԡ
ϱ˹ŷһۣЩԡ
۾ɫƽǰһĻ˵ǳʱתǿ˹ŽδѰʲô
΢΢ɫüͷ֪Щʲô
ǸҲڡ۾ͻȻڣµĹ⣬档
֣ǽǸս֪ûʸ񣿡ϱ˵
㹻ˡ۾΢΢ҡͷ
Щ߶ʱɫǲ֪۾˵˭ȴܹ۾ѾӦϱ˵
Ǹط˵һ죬Щȫ߳ģֲпĴս룬̲סɫ
һʵأܹҵΪǿʬǡ
Ų࣬ᣬ𣬵ǸطһЦǿͬ𣬺ţǸطҲѰٷ֮һٵı֤ԼܹΣա
ǲȥǸطΪʵ̫Σˡ
۾ܴӦǰٴۣɺɨ棬ȻǾԲܵסЩˡһ۰ǿ߳۾˵ޱȣ֮Ϸ⣬ͷŲϡ
۾û˵۰һ䣬Ȼϱ˹ȥ
Ů۱ɫ
վԽߣԽ֪ϱǳϱжôĿ£ȻһˣҲϲϱĶ֡


1571 ս
ϱָǸ۰ֱӺɳȥѣѪһը顣⾪סˣҪ֪һ߰ǿߣҪ˵۷壬ϱУȴסһ㱻ˣ𺳡
۾΢΢ҡͷǸϼһҲɡ
һ˳֣սȣء涼ڲǳܲסϡǳشĽ£ȫ
սʣʼ档ŷ羪
Ǹ϶սҧгݣɱȻ
ͻȻսɹȥ
˾ȵУս֣ǻһȼգ纣˫ӡһµ򣬽սû
ܶ¶ɫùսڸ߳ˣ붼ִ˵еĴڣȻ߶Ƕ֣ǵǰͬһ㡣
οǹսδ߾磬һȻ죬Ҳ֡
ս΢΢ҡͷֻǿһۣսͨ飬һƬƽ
һִƣȻǿͬս޷սֺ
Ѿȥôʱ䣬αִšս΢΢ҡͷ
ңͲӦңһ⣬еѪҽżңӣҵĸףҺޡս쳤Х
սҡͷҹżһֻҪѪ֮Ѫܽżҡ
Щ֪ʿ֪ճֵˣȻǹսĸסֻǿӣսĳȻżҡ
ܶʿ֪սĸףһŮʣʵǿᣬУŵġ
ѪȻˣ
ظŷƲ죬ɫЩΪȻ
̫ظˡҲվ˳֮ϣȻվ˵֮䣬Ȼɫ֣ص˵ԹżҼ壬սصƣΪżеһԱκγԱΥսԼ壬¹ս
Ŀɿڴɴ۾εг˾壬ĿԼʼ˵ǿٵĵһ
ҿεӣһΥӣŮǶɵۡ
սɫһŹΣҶµģǹżʼ棬ء
ɫЩÿû뵽ԼȻԼ߳һ
ˣʼ棬˵㶼Ҫأʼ治ҪɣɫŹ֣ʹս
ȫǣǸо֮ĶԻȵʵЩ˼
սǳ鴤һ£ݺݵĵһ۹ΣûбһƳӡ
ߣΣ˹żһһأǾüʣԵսŹ˵
ǲսżңԭ򲻷
ȴν˵żҵĹأǳԱżҳԱв٣Ǳɡ
ŷһȺŮ˳лݺǶǹżҵԱ
Ǻݺݵس鴤һ£սɫƣŹŷ磬ǶҪ֧ҡ
ʼ
˶һĻ¶һĨЦǱȽ˽ŷ磬֪һİչս뷨ˣǲء
棬ҾøǶԵġŷ翪ڡ
սɫڣŹŷ磬ŭСӣǶ治泤
ıˣԼ޹⡣
ս㶼ǳһ𣬵۾ɫдһĨ٩
ߣòܡսЦ
ҵǺܺ棬ʲôˣܹΪżѪѵһλ۾Źս
սЦûп۾ֻ˵ʱ䵽ˣǿԽȥǸطˡ
һش𣬿ѾȷˣǾȻǸ˵ĺֲ죬ҲĸԣܹɾĴˣܺá۾ЦȻתЩһۣǰǸط
۾
һЩߴ󺰣ǰǸոջع飬δչȥǸطǺѻˡ
ʱǸطͻ߾ҪΪսѡ
ԣвޡ
ҵ۾˵
ĻλĬȻǲΥ۾˼ǰֹ۾һˣйսϱԼ֣ϵ۾ѹˡ
ҵȲʡд۴Ǻը飬һЩ綼ˡ
·
ϱޱ飬ȴеֻղԼˣڹսҲһƽ˲١


1572 ս
ӽ𣬹սعżҡ
սһɫŭȴδ˵Ĭˡսɫӣ˹һۣ֪Щʲô
˹սһۣս˵ȻѾعżңԺҪҵˡ
Ϊ˼ǹżҵָȻսڱ֮£Ҳֻܵķݡ
ԣϿ˹սݡ
ʵϣԹսĴδز²һ֣ҲǹҲ˵
Ϻꡣ
ŷа
˹ŷһۣս΢΢һȻִ̧һ⣬һˣڹŷǰ
ͷ׷͹սͬǣɫ쳣ɢһֳϢ
׷̡
ŷһλʦ𣬾Ȼˡ
ֻǣ׷̣ǹսķǵǸ׷̡ŷЩұ֤ã׷̵Ȼ˵սʷȴǶһˡ
ֻǹսսʣһ㱾Դع飬Ҹʵϰ׷̲սʣһˣսʼ꣬ϵսʣұ㽫ʦ𻹸㡣ս˵꣬Ȼ˵۾һۣһֵֻһŻλѣ
۾˹սһۣȻͷվһߣЩ뿪
ٴۣ˲ʣȴûа취ϲϵ۾ˣȫûͬ˹սǵҪȻˣҲ޷
ЩУвٶ׷ߣǱͿ˵ΩǴӡ
ٴۣʮһĴڣȫǸ硣
գ۾Ƕһ룬սϱǣǸ硣գһֳֻ֣ĨƽһС
ŷ߻ع飬ǺܿʧǽһƬսֻʮһ죬Źŷǻ
Ҫʲôʵղ˵ǴʱȴӴ
磬УµĻϢƺƵ߸
ʮۣʮǶţȫһľ磬ֲͬײʵ࣬˭Ҳ˵ʤ
һЩҲɶϰԺߺ͵ߵĴڣ£ѱǿƵ˼㡣
ŷĿɨЩˣоȣЩڸ壬ʮֿ£ʵǿᣬǡ
ŷףԼСӢۣ磬ǿֻƽʱɼʱ򣬲ȫ
ϰΧЩһ죬Ƿâ¶ԾԾԡ
ŷüֱ˳ȥս
Ϊŷã֮УǵʣӦôڣֻϵǿߣпתǬڽĴսȡʤ
ɱΪֵõġ
һȺۣŹŷ뿪һǸоΪΣյˣǹҲ֣ܻǴ
йŷԯ죬ߡ
ʮʱ䣬ԯ˽ڻʵľ磬սǿ˾̾
ʼԥһ£Ҳת뿪
׻˼ִսȻҪ뿪ѵͲ罫𣿡ЦҪ׻ǣƵĶ档
ʣסϵĹҪˣҪ˵ôķϻϧǻϵʱɡŷûлشʣ˵һ
ɫڣŭŹŷ磬ɫ
ҰҲ˳Իʿڣת뿪
ԵڰԻʵֱ뿪ǵ̬ȷǳԣֻҪԸ壬ǾͲ֡
ڴۣ֮ûйϵ
ʵϣһ֮ϵǿ뿪ǸͲģۻܹвǰԽ硣Ǽʮһɱǡ
ǲܵģҲɵǣƵλ顣
ʮۣ˵ܶ࣬ҪǴǿ϶Ҫսʤеǿߡ
ַԥһ£Ҳת뿪ûдкΪ;ݶԼʵ
ִս˭Ҳұ֤ԼİȫȻǵʶҪ䣬һ͵һ죬û̫ţִܹսбԼ
Ѫ壬ȫ뿪Ȼǵľٶʱ绩Ȼ
Щǿߣȫԥˡ
ģȺ쵰һ䡣
ͭû˵ʲôҲ뿪˶ˣǲƴΪס
գЩȫ뿪
һսȻ漣ˡλһǸղѾս׼ҲҪԷ˶ˮ
ֻȻеҪúܶ࣬ûзչǸز
뵽ǻǱȽϸм׻ƵģǹŷǴͷ뿪ʣµЩҲԥ뿪
ڹŷǵӪУЩ˿ۣһĵ۵ߣһеĸо


1573 ս
ǶӣۼһҪһԲߡȻҲ뿪ǲ̫ȺҪ
һЩߣһЩŽ磬ռ档
ҲһЩߣֱݻ磬컯飬ҪɢԼĴС
ȻһСĴֱۣӳһˡֱ֣γһ磬ȻУʼ컯塣
磬ŵߵжǲɫдһĨ衣
ʵϣ綼ڵģһȺۻ֣һЩȻ壬ʮ㣬Ҳܵסʮ۵ĺɱ
ҺãûзҲֹһսʧ˭ܲˡ
磬պ²ƽˡŷҡͷ˵ĸ̾
߻ع飬ۣ϶ҪһյǿߣǾһռơԯݺ˵
û˵Żݺ뿪
ڹŷ磬׷̣һطžˣ׷ɫЩãȻʵϣŷһֱˣ׷е㲻ԾǱʲô̼ˣһֱãУ־塣
ʦ
ŷ纰һ
׷̿˹ŷһۣ¶һĨӵɫû뵽ҾȻܹ㡣
ʦˡŷ¶ϲɫ
£ָǵʵǿˣҵ񡣡׷̸̾
ŷ磬ŷ粻һ񣬵ڣѾ磬ʵǿᵽ˼㡣
ʦʼ֮䣬ô£ŷ̲סʵ顣ս˵ˣԼսʣֻǹսǾ˵׷սʡ
ǰ׷Ҳ˵Լֻһ׷ϹսʵĻʵһֱͣ߾磬һĸ콾˵֪ᴩ˶£еǰ취ʵ
սʣǹս֮䲻һˡ׷̿ڣɫϴһĨЦ
ŷ羪ȡ
սʱӡǿг˳ȥ죬վд۵ģԪ룬ݣҾǸԪΪˣڼƫΪֻһʵϣսԪ񡣡׷˵
ŷһ˵սʼս
ǣսģѪԪۣΪڵĹսӵеģµҲµ꣬ǹսսʡ׷ҡͷ
˹սȻսϾѪԪֲʵ졣
ķʽֱ˵죬սǲĻ˵ȥˡ
ʦսʡŷ𾪵˵
׷̵ͷЦ˵սʣʧȥһʵսʣһκһսҼһ㱾ԴѪĺӦҵ˹սҸҳ׻ָǰļ䡣
˵׷һ⡣
ŷϲһ̳»ߵĴڣΪǿĻʣָǰļ䣬ǽһô˵顣
Ҫִ֪ڣ޼֮Ժеļ䣬Դ޵лߡ
׷̿϶ܹڼ̵ʱڣߵľ磬ʱֶһǿߡ
սˣмΪĻֶΣͬһУܹӳΪµʵ
ʦָ䣬ͬʱϲɺأһͨ׻ƣΪףŷ̲סЦ˵
׷̵һֱǹŷеһʹڰ׷̻ˣŷȻˣ˷ܵ˼㡣
ͲˣʦһôˣʲôˣǲҪ˵ˣʲôˣʱ鷳ҲøһЩϲ׷۾˵Це㻵
ʦǾŷĴָ
Դϱһ£׷û˵ֱ˵ҽƻˣ˵ʲôΪǲǣ
׷̵ĻùŷЦʵǸ˼
侲ŷҲף׷˵ַõķǵʱ޷ĵˣйκͰ׷𳬼̬Щ˶벻кùӳԡ
ʦ㿴ڵǲʲô覴ãŷʵ֪԰׷̵ҪԼе⣬һǳ׵顣
һдʦŷǲѯʣǾ̫ɵˡ
˹ŷһۣ׷΢΢ͷĵߵĺܺãǿĵûбҪҪָ㣬һ·۷壬ٳѳҲʱִڣܳһҲ˵
ִʲôŷЩʵ
˵
׷ص˵
ŷͷӻôء뵽Ͱ׷̸ոռ棬ŷãԼǲҪôȽϺá


1574 Ƕ
һЩˣΪǽܰ׷̡
ЩˣǺ͹ŷ׽Ȼ֪׷̵ݡ֪ǹŷĵһʦŷ˵սʷʱǲ֪׷̿ɲʲôսʷսԪ
սʣȻΪߣڲڸ߾磬Ȼأ֪һ⣬ڼָҪߵǰ۷״̬δʲô¡
ϹսʣųƻеһĴڣжֻս֪ˣֻսԪѪѾϱˡ
ǰǺӵĴУ׷̿Ī֮һɫЩꡣ
Ϊʦյĵӣ⺢ӷҪҵĵӣҾŷ͵
ŷĻ׷̵ͷ֣׹ŷĺܶࡣ
һʿûʦ𣬺ױ۸
ħȻǹŷԼʦͽܣ˴Уǹŷ罫ΪӣҲõĽ
ʦķǳֻ̫ˣΪԼ죬Լˣ˱һ£ٽΪǰƽһ㣬ܹҵȱȼ磬ԣһҪúҪʦͷ׷̸̾
֪ʦ档ħ˵һ㶼ҵ
һָһΪָŷʦȻվûȫʦķţеƫġ׷˵
̫ˣʦͷлŷ۾һϲ˵
׷ѵĹŷ磬Ȼװ׷ǶôĻ̵ѧϰ׷ҪָħŷǷĵĸˡ
ħֱӹڵϣݺݵĸ׷̿˼ͷľϲ
Ǽˣһֹ
һۣ׷̵˵ȵչس֮ʲô⣬Ҳҡ
лǰǼ
׷̵ͷȻĿΣ¶һĨЦݣ˵ѣһ⣬Ҫһ¡
Ҳ֪ʲô⣬˵ɡκƽûǵļ׷̵ƣɫŹ֡
Ҳףֳ֮УΨһʸˣҲֻйˡ
Ȼ۷壬ףǹΣһ߾磬ȻɨҲµľ
ң˵οп̤磬ΪһεĴڣһּĿ϶
ϱǼһûнǸ磿׷̵ɫ΢΢Щ
һǸ磿ѵ֮ϻо硣
ûУǸ磬ֻ㣬ǸϼһȻҪǸ磬ҲܵģҿʵǶǴ˵һ㶼Ȼֱӿ
ŷ磬ЩԼϵӣʲôʱܸһ£ôҲԼʦһӰ
Ұ׷̣ΪһʱսʣǸʱǿߣӦñزŶԡ
Ϊʲôô˵׷̲ûŹΡ
ΪεľʵͺԹεĻЩţǲܹһʱʵΪġ
ǶǸ磬ûĽ߾þ𣿡Ц
˻һ׷һ
ʣʲôϣ󣬵ȴڽ£治֪ǵʺţʲô˼ҵǾãǶˣԶ׷߾磬ȴûδشﵽļ¡ϴһĨͲмȻһЩ˵еǿߣҲͬı飬η塣
ǳΪΪûֻо죬ȴû𣬵޵УʲôѹƲˣųܣǵ·ûߵͷ׷ɫÿɫ𾪣һּ޾µĶͻȻƷ˵𾪱飬ɫˡ
ԣ˵Ȼ˵Ļֻǲ²⣬ֻеȵﵽǸ֮󣬲ʸһСε˵
äĿţֻڲ²һС
ǰ׷ȴһָо˵ģġ
۷壬վڻʵߣǸʱΪǿһˡݣóһۣиþ硣
ȻͬսʣȻδǸ磬оţȫʧˡΪֻأһʱ飬޷о
εĻȴһţҲ޷ﵽݳǸ磬Ǳʵûߵļ£Ȼɹ
ǿŰ׷̣ɫЩãȻ˵ĶԻЩȻϹսʶδﵽļޣе·ж೤


1575 
˼ЩãȻֹ˾
εһ仰ȴǾһ
ֹһ£ȻƾõУܹʲô޷ˣȫˡ
˵Ҳǣҿ϶ᱻҲ᲻ءŷЦе˵
ɣۻ˶ãоˬ
ҲһЦȷʵ˴ʮأǲݺأ׽£컯ڷ˵ûκʹ࣬ǲӦŶԡ
ʵϣžһҸ
һ㣬Ƕһɡ
ˣ뿪ɣҪ׷̽ŷǸߣԼҪˡ
˶뿪ڣ֪׷һָ˲ΪԻΪУΪµĴڣˣ׻ƵÿɽȻᵢ׷̵
ڹŷ磬ڹڵľ磬ԯ죬ͻݺһ𣬻ݺһֱھԯ
Ȼڽڻʵľ磬ȴкܶ覴ãݺָʵǿ˲١
ͬʱŷӵϽ紫һϢذħλϽһħڽ˻߾硣
Ϊߵʱ涼ڲ콵𻨣ףһϻߵĵ
ʱذħֱֲ˼㣬תǬŽ񡣺ܶ߶ȻȻذħոͻƣʵ̫ǿˣԽǣϢѹ
ѹ£ϽһħͻƣĿ
֮УǺȻذħϢʵ̫ˣǸܵ˾޴ѹ
λ֣Ҫӿ첽ˣԼҪҪĽǵΪȻĻ磬߱ҵȻҪѹƣԵ·硣һۿڣһŮӣŮ۷ɾŽ񣬵Ȼܿ£ޱȡ
˲űҵȲܹһҪܹͣһͷֱֳѹһȺУҲٮٮߡ
ɺޣ֮еĻ̫ˣߴжϾĻҲôͷˡŭ
ңڳԼ컯飬һ磬Ͽǵ۵ߡҲûа취
컯飬ûԣҪܹúҪ޾£ȴǲܵģֻܹһЩˡǸŮӴ˵
һȺ۶ǸŮӣʵʲô취
ŮΪλУȽǿƵһ
Щ۵ʻ˵ǸѪĴ֮أ֮УҲܹǴе۵
˵Ǹ׻ƣʵ
۵ͷ˵λûз֣Ǹ׻֮Уҵ۵ߣȻ磬ʵǿ˵׻֮Уǽǵ۵ߣǽԼĴﴫȥӦûܣҾ˵ǾսѪĺᣬʶǳ죬ΪӣԲûҵȵݡ
۶ĬȻڿĿԡ
λѵǻҪʲô֪Щ֮УҲоѪҲоݵĵˣǴʱҪɼǵķǵĵҪġ֪ʲôɫЩŭʱЩ˻ڼƽԼĵʧ
˵Ĳλʧݣҿǰȥ׻Ƶĵˣλ۴˵
Ȼ³кףߴٲ֣ҪûˡʮۣҲδػк³
磬߱ѹԵƣǾˡ
һȥ˵
˶˵ֻˣЩۣҲܹ˵ʲôˡʵҲ֪Ѫõѡ
ʵϣҲһЩ磬Щ飬ȴδؿۡϾͽ϶Ҫʷǳܳ˲С
ˣھսѪ֮У˵洦ɼ
һʵˣ磬ٮٮߣܹҵһЩΪԼͽܣ˴ˡ
Уң֮Уȴδغѡ
սѪǾݻѪ֮£ΪǿѪ콾ʵϣݻѪпܾǾսѪ档
лλۡĴۣȫڣ۵л
֪ȥˣڴ˵һǳӵ飬һֳ衣ΪһǿߣѷΡ
ۺˣȴȥΪԼΪеĴۣȻм
ۺ˶һۣԷеοЩ۵һллѾ㹻ˡ


1576 
۳УѹʮһִϣеȻ¶ηɫ۳֣Ըڵ硣
ʵϣЩ߶ɫأǸܵ۵ʵ߶Ĵڣʵǿǡ
һǣδ֣Ǿֱһȥ
ǵĿ겻ҵȡһȺ˿ڣɫдһĨɡ
ǵķӦǰķѵˣ˵ߣҪ֣Ʒ硣˾
ǿߣȫ۲ǵж֪ۣҪʲô
ҲõϢŷ֮⣬ۡ
ӿۺʥޱȣǿ˫о䣬𶯾졣
λ׻ƺ£ŷʵ
˲⣬ǶһۣȻ˵м飬Ҫŷ
ܿһ㶼ûд۵ĸ߰
ŷһȻվ˵λۣһ𡣡
ȻԷûе⣬ŷҲûбҪ۾֮⣬Ҫ֪߻ع飬ʮۣرǵˣǶһӣ϶зǳҪɲ֣ˣֻкô
ˬ죬ȻܡۿڣЦ˵
ŷ񣬴һĨͣȻڹŷˬΪо۸߰ǲǱŷǱغ⣬ȻҲر
߽磬ܶ˾ȡ
ڴۣ֮Уֱ˵ǽɵĴڣһʵе磬׽룬ˡŷ罫ۣԼ磬ܶʿǷˣһۣǷѣ׻ƱȻһѡ
ŷλֱۣӽ֮Уһ
ǸոսʱĴδȫƣΪ׻ƽһЩûĴ͵ط˳Цӡԣλǿִ֮£칦ÿһ칬ޱȣ칬һݻһµĴ
󷨣նɱʡ
󷨡֮¶һĨ𾪣Ȼǿ칬Ĳ
ոսģλۼЦˡŷЦ˵ʲôɫ
칬ոսɣȻվûȫƣкܶ಻ĵطŷ粢⡣
Լ뷨ϵĲԿ
۶һۣԷеĸ̾Ҳǿˣ칬̫ǿĶЩһӡǣԽǡ
׻֮УԽǵǿߣʶһ㣬бһȴôˡ
Ƿֱŷ˽Ǹ֪ǰûʲô飬ȻҪ
ۡ˹֣Ȼ𾴣̸ϾηҲһ콾ЩѾ죬ʵۣҲûʲôþġ
˲ҵ
ʵϣǾãܹ׻֮УΪĴڣ϶򵥡Ͼ׻ڶ࣬ǿƣʵǶ⣬ȴλãȻ֮˵ʵ˵ӰĻԲһʡ
ڹŷףɫƽЩϣȻһ
λۣк׻ơŷֱӿѯʣӡ
ۺ۶һۣȻվ˳΢΢һΣȻ󿪿˵ĽҪ͹Ϊޡ
ȿȡ
ŷ籾ܵǵĻֱ֮ӱԼĿˮǺסˡû뵽۾Ȼ˵һ
һ˵ĽԼҪԼΪޣŷôһֲʵĸо
ŷ֪û˼ģǵʶԼˣǰռƵʱ򣬶˼δϡԼߴУЩˣһ飬Ȼ׼Ϊǵ۵УԼ
΢΢ɫЩȻȻҲû뵽ۻ˵ĻҪǵɫۿЦһʲôû˵
ŷ翴˵ɫʱ˿϶ԼĿԡ
û̻ش𣬱ϾһۣףŷǾܾĻʵе̫ˡ
ۣ֮ûм档ŷС˵еĸо
ǿģûйϵģĹϲҡۿڣȻһ죬ǻϻָƽ
ǣкܶšŷٴοڡ
ɷ檣ʵƽİɣǻúദġ۲⡣
ŷ绹˵һ𣺡ҿŮ޲ҴӦˡ


1577 ɻ
裬㡭ŷЦһۡ
һŮӳ֣ϴһĨЦݣ´һۣȻ¶һĨЦݣܲŮӣҺϲˣӽ쿪ʼҶӵӡ
ǻݺ쳣ʹ۶Щû׼أȻףȴû뵽ԼôΪŷӡ
ֻǣ˵ǻݺҲǹŷĸףȻѾ˵ĻˣȻͲ÷
ҿһӣǾͰأΪްɡݺϵ˵
裬̫żˣһۣҪ飬Ҳʣ̫ˡŷЦ˵
Ȼ֪ΪʲôԼĸףҪԼһ𣬵ȴѾӦҪסԼĸס
һ㶼ʣѾˣʦǰ飬ʦݣ˵ǴۣȻ𣬶Ѿ㹻ˡݺ˹ŷһۣһ۱㶴뷨
ŷҪᱼҲûа취ݺĻΪŷףݺ˵һʵ
Ϲս飬¾һһ𣬶˵ʲô
ǻòذħһ֤ݺڡ
ذħһ½ĻߣݣȴЩȻһħĴڣǶôĿ£˭Ҳұ֤
ŷǿˣԼĸĵģҪԼڳɻ顣
ɫŹ֣һߣʲô˵
ղЩޣݺذħս֮һĲ޶ʧˡ
뵽˹ŷݣϱҹŷĸףǱϱǱȼĴڣϹսʵĵӣȻսǳһ⣬ûлָʵվĻ𣬻ָ۷壬ֻʱ⡣
ҲΪŷ֤顣һ˵
֣֮ɫ䡣˼Ķǿһһ
ͽܣʦ֮ôôȡһۣ˵
Ӽʦ𡣡ֱӹ£˵Ļ𾪡
һ۵ʦôܣǻݺһȻɫ֪һЩʲô
㵽ʲôͷȻһǴۡŷ翴ɫŹ֡
ٺ٣һۣһʣתѣҼɹˡٺһЦ˵һ
ۺ˻һ¶𾪵ɫ
ʦ㾹ȻǸˡ۶Щš¶𾪵񣬿ڿһһ
һû˵Ĭˡ
ŷȴô࣬һۣ˵ǰҪװƣС㡣
ŷĻɫһȻͷٺЦϴ󣬲Ҫǰһӡ
㡣ŷ緭һۡ
ۺۣŷ񣬼ֱڿһ֣ô˵еǸ˺һϴһʵ̫ţˡ
бЩǴʱȴͻȻһĸоЩţԼǸ
ݼһ𣬲˵ŷԼʵѾԽһĻߺʹۡ
ˣϻ˵ô࣬סݺ˵
ŷҪԣһ˳ֱ֣һ£ŷ㱻סˡ
һĻӶɳˣ˸ճֵǸһۣȻһĭ˵ãŷӡ
Ѿ֪ŷ縸׳УܵεϢȻϳ˹εݡ
ֻǹεʵȴû뵽ģֱƿ£һ죬Ȼ˲ס˹ŷ磬ʲôɹżˡǹż˶ǹŷ͹һһЩ˵һȫļ壬ɣʵǲ֪ôƺˡ
ҶӵСܣӦúģ뵽ݣ˰ɣҲǿο˵
һԼΪ壬һɱĳ嶯ʵûˡ
ڹŷ磬ʱȴûκãδݿֱ࣬ӷסȫȻŷǱӴ󣬵ԹεֶΣΡ
ҪˣһƯСϱ㻹ʲôģΪãѣһΪ֤Ȼֱ˶˵
׷̳֣ذħ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻҲϹκ˼֤˳Ϊޡ
ݺĶ˵һЩȻ㽫˶
ɫߺ죬һ޴ĸо붴֮䣬΢΢ҧ´䡣
׻֮Уͬ죬ٻ飬һۣϲΪŷ翪ĺͼ


1578 
ǵУŷһۣԲۣŵԡ
֮УλۣɫŹ֣һϢۺ͹ŷɻˣΪ˷ޡ
Щ£мۣŭ죬Ҫȥ
һ£п϶Σ׻Ʋһҵȣ뿪ǿ¾ΣˣǲҪ嶯һصĴۣǼŭĴۣ˵
ߣ嶯ҿ϶ǹŷǣۺɻ飬ȻĻ۵Ľôܼ޸һһòӢĴۣͷɫµ⣬񷡣
ɱȻֱָ硣
ľۣ֪ʲôǼһֱϲۣ׷ߣۼˣвģⶼ飬ǧҪ嶯ƻǵ˵δǸ˵
֮лδһۣΪ˵ˣ޸һҲΪӵ֯δ飬ῴǵġľ˵
ҪһŮӣΪǣһҸɱǲԸ⣬Ǹŷ磬һĴۣǴۣһǳõɾ˴λãʵ¡
ͬʱǴҲ۵׷ߣŷ֮һܲˣһ㱩ߡ
ǴۣҵȲǲԸΪֻعվ飬ǲ˽ʼĩһۣԼϲŷ磬Ҫ͹ŷһԴʼǸ˵üͷһ£Ե쳣ţϣһζһۡ
ۣΪɫ콾ܹ׿һˣп϶ǲ֪ԭҵҪȻۡǴ˵ĮЩĸо
üżˣ˵ɣҪңȥ˽һµ׷ʲô飬ǹŷǱۣҵһ
˵Ǵԥһ£ջǵͷˡ
ۣ֪˵ѣ飬ȷʵ͸©Ρ۵ԸȻҲͬ˵ģʵҲףʲôǲ֪ԭ
óȻսֻܹеĵ۵ߣһأȻ磬ʱɱҲסͬҪ
һȻ֣뿪
֮УŷһŮ۽ϣϲ¡˶ף׻ʿǰ˾Ʋڳ
޴ϲ֣ۣ֮׻ơ
λǰ۸ոʱһ۳֣Էһ۵ʱһ£Ȼͷ
۳֣Ҳһ£Ȼ¶һĨЦݣֵλѣǵۣ֮ǰۣͨһ
ˣԷͷ¶һĨЦݡ
ǰۣ޷۴ˣ򡣡ɫ΢΢ЩŹ֣ȻЦ˵
ĸ֣Ҳ΢΢һ㶣пЦûʵۺڣ
ǰۿڡ
һ֪飬ԲǱȵģĻ۾Ͳʹ죬Լһȥۡ
ϾǵеˣһǱȵģ϶ҪԼʱ͵ˣ϶ҪΪˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǵ˼ʮۣԿԺɨ硣
ۣʱǰԼһԴһûɵӣԵ÷ǳί
һĻЩɵ⻹ǸǿƵ𣿸ں͸߽״۽аļһھȻһǰ棬ѵҲ
ѡۿڡ
תһۣ¶ϲɫ˵찡ˡ
ʲô
۵Ļֱӱɫ
ŭۣҧгݵ˵Ȼ۹ȻǱȵģѣģھͽȳȥ
ϵӿޱȡ
Щ㶣Ҳɵӣ˲۵˼ˡͻȻɻ飬˿϶²⣬ղűͷǣһۣʶ˵˸ղһ仰ȴû뵽ۻˡ
۱۸Ͻۣ֣ᡣ
ʱ۱ĹǺֱ֣ɱ˹ȥ
䡣
֣ʮֿµĴ֣תŵʵϢȻܵȴ쳣ֲԼʮ˸˳ȥ۵ϡ


1579 ˶
ֱӺɳȥѪ˲𣬲һ㵹ڵϡüĿŭȵѡ
µϢϣ¶һĨɫһֶϻ꣬ŷù
޾壬ʮִΧתסһֶϻꡣ
𾪣ʩչֶΣǴݿ࣬߳ˣӡǴʱȴ˺Էֶκܿ£ʮִƣסһС
Ǽһͨǿ¡̾ղžͲһ㣬ûеסͨ
һֶϻ꣬ޱȣĴʩչĻȻһˣܹ˵һ飬ڵʩչܣӿ¡
˵ͨ¡ʵ۵Уµļһ
ЦҪ֡
ʱ۸Ͻ˹ȥһѱסۣ˵ˣʲôҪʦ֡
ʦ𣿡ֹͣ˳С
Ŀŵϴεĸо
һһ۵ʦ˵ȥºܶš
ʦһַԲֱ֣ǰʵҵȿԴȵģǶ۾ϱ˵ʱ𾪡
һϱ͵۾ǿߣֲñôˣ磬ȴܹ
Ҹղͦ㺰Ҿ㣬ѵƭңҧƢܺãΪһᣬԼ˼ѪڱᣬȻˬ
ѵõ죬ԼɤӣȻε˵Ҹղűʦе㷳ˣ͸оУԲңȿȣû뵽㾹Ȼˡ
ʱۣһҪĳ嶯
ۺܿأڿһףԼͱһ١
ô£ʵ
Լŷ飬ҪΪޡۼ˵ЩĿɿڴ
Ȼ飬۾Բ˵ѡ뵽ЩЦҡͷǶ´ˣ۲Ǳȵġ
ǵ˵ĵǰΪݺǹŷĸףӭ˵ĵѡһ𣬻ݺ֣Ц˵۴к
۸ϽȻ˵ŷˡ
ݺЦŰ˰֣ѿϯñ˾׻дܡ
ݺʢ룬ȴҡͷЦ˵ʱ˰ɣһҪתˣߴ飬ʢ飬ʵܡ
۸ұ֤Լһʱ䣬˵ĴǣΪԼʲô飬Ȼһ
ɲ뱾ӦǷǳùϵ˫֮䷴ĿɳŪһεľ档
ҲãҲ԰λǰμϯݺЦ˵
һ
뿪ۡ
飬һȥܹͣ͵ĸ
Ϣ֮˵˶סˣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼһ
ľǣĲš
УǸ߰ʥ覣ǲ֮еˣȻͬǴۣȴã۸Ӹ߹󡣵ŷʱľҪԼˣˡ
ĴЩͬĶǼ׷ۣǶŪˣԼ׵ģǱȣеһ룬ֻнʵ
ֻʵ⼸˵епᡣ
ľǻҪȥˣصˣʡҡ˼һۣۿڡ
ľۻһȻµľ⣬˵Ҫȥ磬ҵҪʶһ£Ǹŷ絽һʲôӵˣܹһġ
һε߻ع飬ľۼŷ磬ȴûʲô̫ӡľǵӡ󣬶ڵ۾Щ˵ϣԹŷӡһ㣬ڹŷ磬Ǵûйע
ԣǲ֪ŷ絽һôˡ
ŷһЩͷȴЩмһˣܹʲôӵƣ붼Զﴫ
Ͽɹŷʵۼ޸ŷ磬ǶԹŷеˡ
ڳЩ۶ܹǲ´̼˼ˡ
̾һλѣ벻Ҫ£΢˼һ·ִ磬׻Ʋеô򵥣кܹܶܵһǿߡ
ʦҲУϹŷΪϴǲҪСŷ磬һˣôʦϴ󡣡ѵ
Ļľ۵ЦǺ⡣
Ǿ۵ʦûʲô˲ģŲһʹҲ޵ĺء


1580 
ǿǵ뷨Цû˵ֻһŭЩʦ𣬵
һȺ۶硣
ʮ۳УƺƵ졣
ܶȻһЩߣǾۼһǶȺֻۣҪǸҳ֣
ǣȺۣδֻ֣Ǹ硣
󣬺ܶ˵õһϢŷһ۽飬Щ˶ȥףġܶɵۣ֮Уַɵɴ۾û뵽ᷢ顣
֮УԻʺͰԵˣǶԷеľ̾
ŷ̫ˣ𾪵ľٶӭȢһŮۣǾ̾Ȼֻǵһ죬һӭȢĴڣҲھ
ȻܶҲ֪ŷʸ񣬲˵⹫ʼ棬ԼǱͱ֣ͱȻһʡ
ǣû˭ܹ磬ӭȢŮۻʡ
ŷ翪һȺӣúܶۺ죬Ľʺޡ
һŮӣһ£ڵķɫɡ
ʱ䵯ָ㻹ǵһӭȢһŮۣ֮ȺӣǺ춯صĴѾԶԶˡŮӿڣ̾Ϣһû
ҲһЩǿԶԶ磬£лߣҲи
˫ŷϢһ£Ȼ¶һĨЦݣһô㣬һŮ۶ܹӭȢȻҿصˡ
һŷ磬ȻһսһеӣϢ֮ϱһɳս⡣
ӭȢһŮֱۣٹ⣬ֻǲ֪ŷܱܲٹ⡣һƬŽУӷһӣЦ˵
֮䣬ܶ˶ڹע磬עŹŷ硣
һȺ磬ݺ͹λӭǡͷųǿϢһȺ𾪡
ݺľ磬Ȼ֮ϣȻǼ죬ǾԿ¡
ڹΣûн߾磬ϵϢȴܹѹƵߺͻһĴڣǲ
һͷ׷Ӱ׷һţֳԽߵϢ˾ָ̾սʼİ׷̣ʵĺܿ죬˭Ҳ֪Ѿߵһǰ׷˵ָʵ
Ϲսʵʵǿµġ
֣۹ȥ񣬱ϹϾ
ûпۣһŽ߳ȥǾһҪǸͶ㲻ȥһλȥ޷ܿһš
֮£ҲͲˣֱӱһͷ
λ۵һУʵǱȽǿģЩУкܶ಻۵Ķ֣Ǵʱвۣȴסһš
ףԼС۵ʦȻֻһǾʵκδһ죬Խ
λۣˣӭμҼϴĻ񡣡Ц˵
ȻƺŷΪϴд۶𺳣ȴЩΣӣԼԵ޹ʵĳһʦʵеơ
ûнעԼϣ۵һ
۴ͷ͹ǵĴ£λۣ֮УʱΧۣܶʿԶۿɫ֮дһĨݺ;̾
ǵУûκη壬ֻλǱΪ׻Ƶ˼ʹ˺ãҲòȥǡ
ڿˣûһǵı֣ǳǡ
ǹ£ΧĤݵĸоѾܾûйˣоȻһС
ǹŷ֪Ⱥ۾Ȼ㣬϶Ŀɿڴ
ڽУʮ۽٣磬ӵ֡ܶʿǷ˴۵ĽΪǷ֣вսԼĴڣ͹ˣҲںЩΪߵʿǳ
֮ƽȵģûиߵ͹֣֮˵ЩһֹȣʵеռʥأСʱҲһ磬žֻ֪࣬һû뵽ǣȻʱļһ硣
ߣһȺ֮УǺƽܹģûǿԴһܱ֤ľЦм
ǲõģûʲôĽġ
磬һǿʳ磬ûһȺҲûһѡǴҲڣɫдŨŨĲм


1581 ۷
˵ˣ´ͬǲ׻ƣȫڼΪֻ֪ǿܹ֤ǵɽӣܹסǵ̫ƽһ񿪿ڣľ硣
ľǾȣû뵽׻֮УȻ̵ʶǲֻܺƽǻŬԼʵǿĵزԼļ԰
һ磬һ֪Ȼ˵һڲ˶೤ʱ䡣
׻Ƶ쵼ˣмʶľЦ
ɫ˵İȻȻöԷܶԣȴ̫ء
ǵȻ˵ģ׻ƣЩĹŽ磬ǵĽ߶˵ģӵе˼룬Ȼǰܶ飬Ǳ˶Ǹ˵
֮Уעؽ۴Ӹ棬ȫ
ֻ֮£ǵԶ˵ֻҪ⣬ǲģеʱ䣬ȥ
еѧܹϰ꣬δҵΪһЩʣûйأֻܹ졣
ԣڵе飬ǾӢһ磬ٮٮߡ
ǺǣδνԲۣһûн߾СʿȻȢһۣƤ湻ġľ۵˵һ㶼ı͹ŷ硣
˵ʲôȻұҼҼһŮۣǴ´࣬㲻ҪҼǸֱӺǳ⣬һ㶼ηԷһۡ
ľ۴ŭǺεݣһۣ߸ϣվߵ۷壬ȻǰҪʵʵοһ
ľȡ
ϱһڴ۵ϣһֹȥ
ʱ֮е˶ˣһĻ֮󣬺ܶۺɡ֪һԳܲסһ۵ϢľۣɱĻ鷳
ֻʱҪѾˡľҲЩڣɵӣ֪Լˣ׻ƣҪɱ˶ԷˣЩ۵˵Ƿǳòʧһ顣
ڴʱһӰϢĳ֣Ǹǰ档ǵӰ֣˫ֽӡ˳ȥ
䡣
һ죬ǵһɫ죬վǵסľ۵һʱǸŷӦϽʵħүû°ɣ
ֵסľһˣȻħ
һȻ˵û£㲻õģһȥɡ
Ǹ񲻸ҵֱڹȥ֪Լһ㱻һۻɱˣһо亹ֱ
ȴڣһεĻҲе飬Բŷ硣
ħŽĿתƵľ۵ϣ˹֣˵λۣղеǡ
ħûз㲻ǣһЩ˾ʱǳԿʵЩ۵ߡ
ҹŷѾۣɷޣٳìܵĻʵϵҡ
ߣһʲôǸʸ𣿡ľ˵ħΪϹŴ죬ΪסϢѹƣǾԵˡ
ʵϣħһҲǽң֮ǰ׷ָ̳֣һʱ䣬ʵͻͽʵħҲܵסһ۵Ϣ
ǸղţħֶЩһˡ
ľ۵ʣǱɫе̫ˣ˼ҶѾǸô˵ľ۶Ӧþ˲Ŷԡ
һϹŴϣֿɱĴڣȻҲǵǸʲôǴҲڣɫ¶һĨ
ʱ򣬾Щۣеˡ
۸ǺһǲҪ֡
λ˵òһССϹŴ֮˵ǸҪǸǿЦѵΪԼʲôͷ𣿡һۿڣò˸ɫ
ߴۣһͨߣΪĴۣʵǿᣬֶο¡
Ҳ۵׷ߣߴ۵һֱףֻһֱܾϾһ٣ʵ޷һøС
ͬʱ̣ħȴ˵ȣǱۣӵĳʡ
ۣҽһ£ҽħ׻ŷСӡħԼݣɫҲûʲôɫֻҪλףǿ˵ϻˡ
ħû뵽ǣĻ䣬ߴ۾ЦŷĵʲôŷǶϣοĵӣ֪ȤĻ͸ҹԶһ㣬Ҫķ


1582 ʹ
ħɫһˣһǿͿȻЩۣȻ߰ǶǷǳģˡ
ߴ۵Ļʵ̫ˡ
¶һĨŭݣҪ
ʱľҲ˵һС٩٩̸ʦǰҲҪһʲô
ǴЦȻû˵ɫȴĲм
̫߹Լˡħ˵ҲŭˣдһĨŭ˻ɢűϢ

ǴۿڣҪ֣ħ
ˡ
߹ǴۣŭǣϲۣǶ֪ûбҪˣʲôΪһСⲻʲô£ֳ
ʲôǴ˵
˼ʦǹŷСܣǰˣȻǳˡߴЦ
ߣҪͿ㲻˳ˣҪߴĻСҶ㲻۶ߣ˵
ߴۣܹģȴ壬δ֣նɱ壬ߴ֮䣬Ӵ˽ӡ
һֱڣȻǶڵУ֮䣬ȴ໥֮俴˳۵ġ
Ҫѹĵ̣׻һĹϵѹֵҪ飬׻֮дͳˡߴЦ
˼ģ˵Ǽϸ׻ƹᡣ
Ѫˡŭ
Ǵۺľ΢΢üҲ˵еˣһ޾£˭֪˭ģʲôӵˣзǳ
Ȼۺ֮䣬ЩϵǶȻΪЩ׻ƴһġ
ߣҪ˵ˣ۲ˡǴ۶ڣΪ˵
ߴЦǣղ㣬ľһ𣿡
ǴȻҡͷۡ
ߡ
ߴߣЩªϣһĨ
Ҳûм˵ЩʲôҶ֪໥Ϊˣûʲô˼ˡ
촰˵ֻǶۣһǹŷܹչֳ㹻ʵǣǾԲ˵ʲôˡľ۵˵
Ҳ侲ŷ֮䣬ѾΪһʵٷҲˡҪܹŷ磬֤ѡŷǴġ
Ը͹ŷ繫ƽһսǻңұǲǰ󣬾Բ᷵ءǴ˵ĸӹϡ
ңŷܹңΪʹӣûʲôԵġߴ˵
ü˵ŷ粻ֻһһĴڣܹǼۣǲΪ𣿡
ȻȢۣҪ׼۲ʲô˶ܹӭȢģҵȶ޷ܣαۣҸءߴЦ˵
֪⣬˵ǴǣֻҪܹŷ磬֤ѡǴģߴۣ¾Ҫɱˣŷɱ
Ǵۺľۣߴһۣû˵
ֻҪ֤ԼΪԵԼԭľͿˣߴ۵Ϊǲȥ⡣
λۣ˼ۿڣɫдһĨء
Ϊԭ˹ŷնɱ˹ŷ磬Ҫ鷳׻Ƶʵûбϱֵô򵥣ϱսĺˣһ˻ع飬֪ŷ⣬ԻŭȻ޵УҲܵסǿߵĺɱ
зִ硣Ǵۿڡ
ľҲǵͷзִ磬ֻŷˣɱ
ֻߴۣЦ֪Щʲôǿ֪ߴоԲתʲôͷ
ֳգһƬأܶ˶ڵȴŷ֡
֮һӰ֣ӲãأޱȣϲϢһΪƽ⣬лʵϢȣһǵ硣
ʦ𡣡
ħһɫǸӰ
ǴǶһۣԷеأŮ۽ϣȻõôֻȴû뵽ŷһأֱôˡ
ǸӰССһ£ǴһĨЦݣһӡ֮Уȴһִϣ˲ҵ
ͬһСŮһ㣬棬һĨ˵ĺΣ˿Ŀѣԡ
ۣ绪Ȼһ𾳽ŮۣҲͬܳԼϷɡ
ǴʱǴʹеŮѾΪ˵ӣҸӣҪ쳤Х


1583 崫
ҪսңŷʵĿɨۡ
ľ۵ͷǴףǼʶŷղŵķɣףԲǷˡ
۶ӹףǹΪǿ˽ܣȻױȵĶ
ߴɭȻһЦǾ䲻ۡ
ۿߴһۣȻ΢΢ҡͷǲмڸ̾񣬴һ˿ΣվȫһѱСӣ˵
ûйϵҵӣ䲻ϣ׾Уûʸ˵ġŷ絭˵һĨЦݣȻľۡ
ǼȻҪսңŷҲʲôС֮ˣñЦ˭һսŷ翪ڣˣɫȻ
ľۿһۣվ˳˵һս
롣
ŷһ֡
׻ʿкãء
ѵΪŷ絣ģҪ֪ԵĿһۡѯһ׻ʿ
һۣǸ׻ʿЦ˵Ȼ޵УǾԲûа֮£ȻҪ֣Ϳ϶оԵİѹƶԷ
о̾ʿڹŷȫΣһ۱׻ʿҲһޱιŷ硣
и̾һŷ׻֮еƣʵ̫ǿˣЩػ飬ΪԼ޵е
Ѿ֪ŷδʲôԵ֮£ǿŷûľٶŷֻڷףΪ磬ͣطס
飬ܵĽǷǳõģȻǸߵ˸߼飬񾳽ǳߣǸģ֪ж
һѭ磬á
ŷľˣϸ죬칬תС
۲ýţ󷨣ֻ赲սʱನģԴһšŷ翪ڣľ۽͡
ľ۵ͷ㡣
˵仰Ϣˣ˻죬һ֣ͨ죬½ڤ
һֿµı֣ľΪľ۵ı壬һϹľճ򣬵ٵ۾
ʱľ˫ӡµѹ䣬Ҫŷѹ
ŷ̧֣һĳʵϢ͵۵ϢƣһֻƽɫĴֱ֣ľĹȥ
һ죬飬ľתһɫĳ֣Ȼһն䡣
޹⣬ǳ飬֮䣬ȫɫĽ⣬ȣشڰҪһ㡣
ŷ̧־죬ָ۵Ϣľײ
ԡ
ŷ֣볤ײȻ۽ն䣬Ȼ޷ն֡˺ȻһʲôӵȻ˿£۽ܹ˺
ޱҶ
ľ˻֮䣬ȫɫҶ£ÿһƬҶӣе۵תա
ˣ£Ҫһһ㡣
ŷ֣һȭѹһСȭͷֻرݻһС
Ҷɨ⣬ŷɱȥתľѹ¡
䡣
־ľ۱һľͨ쳹أԵ۵ѹŷ硣
ŷϣͬǵ۵Ϣ¡
ۺȻһۣͻȻһ˵ķ֣ŷ羹Ȼõ۵ѹŷӦŷ籾ֻһʵߣǴʱȴ޵۵е̫ˡ
Ѱ·ߴЦ
Ҫ֪Ϊ޵ˣԹͬ޵۵ͻʵͼǿľ硣һ⣬ǶʧˣܶˣʧµĳС
ڣֿһˣͬޡһ죬սۣȴһļ˵۵ͻʵ
ԣϵĵ۵۵ĵ̲סڣ˶ߡ
۵ĵôܣ۾
崫ֵۣ𣿡Ǵɫѿ
۵һЦû˵
崫һǳΣյ飬ѳɹһŮԴۣԸȫĵķԼܹԼĵһڼ̵ʱ
޳ŮԵĴۣǺεȵĽλڳˣʵ޷ɡ
ŷ˫ӡһŮӳ֣绪ͷŲĹâһȭѹ¡
˲ǱˣʩչĵΪֶΡ
쵰ľ۱ŭľͨ죬޾£߶ŷѹȥ
ŭˣԼеŮ񣬱ŷãһĸоб޾⣬ɱ籡ؼ䡣
칬ΧɵĴ󣬶ڲ칬⣬ͷųԼľ۵ŭ
ŷɫ䣬ǸŮӣٽľ۵ʱľȻԼģȻľѹ¡
ôܣ۾


1584 ں
ǵӰۣɹŷ磬ֻ˵һ⣬ǹŷѾ۵ĵ͸ԼĶ
ǵӰ׵ײ׵˺ѣȻľɱ˹ȥ
ľۻӽնϵأ𶯾죬ֱӽǵӰ飬Ȼ󽣹£նƹŽ
䡣
ŷ֣ϵ۵ϢӿȻ˫ֽӡһ֣ͬն˹ȥ

һ죬ͬʱˡ
ʷľɫѿ۵ֶΣû뵽Ѿŷѧ˹ȥԸľкܲζ
ŷͷȻٴγ֡ӿﻯһµɱ
ԭʼɱ硣
ľ۵ˣܿһƬɱХһͷɫͷɹȥɱУɱͬʱɱ顣
ŷ磬ɸñֶһսľŭ
ŷҡͷ˵Уҵֶ¶סܳʱ䣬ҶԵ۵̫Щְɡ
ŷĻǳľ۱ŭԼΪһۣӲãأڹŷУȻֻһֵˡ
ŭһŷ˹ȥ
ɱ
ľͷ˿趯һɱŷ綴ȥ
ŷнһգȻٴն䡣
ľ۴ŭŷһֱ۵ͨԾŭŷ֮г˲ơ
̫ѻˣľ۵񣬼ֱҪŷһ
ŷȴȻҲʶˣǲ⡣ͣʩչУŷ⣬ŷ

ľ۳֣һײվȻɳȥ۵ǿͨλۡ
⣬˲ԼĹ
ֶ쳣ˣҿԳʹáƾս
ľɫѿŷ缤ս硣ȻˣǱѹƣŷʱӦ֣ͨѹ¡
ľ·磬ۿҪܡ
˾̾һ۰Ҫˡŷʵƿ£һۣǶ֡
ܣܹһܣҲšľŭݺľͨ쳹أ֦գȻ޾£ŷ¡
һжͽͣľ۱ѹ·硣
ǴۣҲԳ֡ŷͻȻתǴۺ
һƣΪһȻҪսۡ
Ǵɫѿһȴûг֡
±˵Զ٣ȻһϣҲҵĶ֡ŷ翪ڣ쳣ǿƺš
һֻ£ľѹ·ȻľŭҲûа취
һĻǴĿһ
֪ǹŷڸԼȫѹľۣټһˣҲδǶ֡
һսҲһơ
뵽Ǵԥһ£վǳս
ŷһ˶սۣȴûһ㵣ģǴЦһãȻֱ֣ӺɱǴۡ
Ǵһָһǳֱ֣ŷȭͷײ
䡣
𶯣ǳ飬ǹŷҲһ
úáŷϲ
ʩչΪ⣬
λ֣ȫȫɱҪ̵ʱڣŷĻǾ̫ˣ֣Ȼδһһʿ޹⡣

ŷЦһָ絶ݺݵĻ˹ȥ

ľ۵۽ն˹ŷײסһ
ŷһֻ֣Ҳ˹е۵ϢۣлʵϢ̺У߽ڣͬһѹȥ
ǴۺȻȻܹĽһЩš
ûһԥֱӳ֣һſŴǷɳȥŷһֻײ
ֻǣ۵龰Ǵеһ໥ŷ£ֱӱЩǣȻһϡ
Ǵ۵һղŲһͱУȻŷĹֻ΢΢ɨҲǴ۵һѡ
֪ŷĿ£ֱһֲľҪŷʩչԼķ͵ŷ粻Ըʩչľ۸ͲȫĹŷĶ֡
ľҲɫأоʱĹŷ磬ȸղŸӿ¡
ҲûһӣǶһۣͬʱɱȥ
䡣
𶯣ǿڼսŷһսһ㣬ϢһվȻȫںһ
ˣûѾֲǻʵϢǵ۵Ϣˣȫںϵףλ𾪡
ںϣҪһʲôӵĹ
ʱľۺǴۣѾˣɫӣһߡ֪ʱŷһǳؼʱ̣ڷĳɱ䣬һɣ춯أ˸


1585 ȷǷ
Ǵۺľۣ֮ǰֻǲŷ磬Ǵʱȴò˵ûмӺŷĴ㣬Ǳ˵һߡ
ŷϵϢתȫںϳΪһİ
ڴʱ֮䣬ȻһһµĻɫŷ

һХȥγֱײ顣
վڹŷϷ磬ͷڷ趯üĿָŲ죬˵Ҷɱģ˭Ǹ£ұ˭
û֪ں˭˵ʲİȴ˶۷
䡣
һֻɫĴצֲϢƵŷɱ˹ȥ
߹ȻҳҵǰЦ𣬲ɱһɫצӡ
ǸצӣֱӼսУʧ
д۶𾪣ղѾܵˣǸצӣӵɱǵʵȴӲıλˡ
𺳣׻ƹȻеô򵥣ǿƣ߳һǿߣȿ¡
ˣڹ۲Źŷı仯
ڴʱߴۣͻȻ˳ȥ˲۽ŷ磬úܶ˶ɫ
ܵߴϵɱ⣬λ۴ߣ㲻Ҫ
ߴЦһȴͲᣬһֻŷնȥҪץסᣬŷնɱ
쵰
Ǵۺľ۳֣Ҫסߴۡ
ʱѾˣǸߴ۽ס
ʲôŷ磬ʲôں˵ʣҪߴ۵УҵòĶ˵õˣ˾ҪҪߴ˵һֻŷü˹ȥǱУҪɱˡ
ܶ˴󺰣Ѿãߴŷߣûܹ¹ŷ硣
ɫ԰ףû뵽Ȼ飬»ճԼķҪɱб֡
ߴۿЦܶ˿ŭǶûа취
ߴ۵֣ڹŷԴ档
Ԥ֮еԴըûзһֻȵסߴ۵֣ŷӣߴŵһ¡
Ҫʲôŷʡ
ߴɫ԰ףҪ˵ȴ֪˵ʲôá
һ̣ŷ羹Ȼ˳ȥһһ

ŷ翪ڣûɱߴֻۣǺǳһ
ߴɫһ죬һףŹŷ磬Ҫ֣ȴûг֡
ߣԼ֪Ȥһ㣬ȣѵ㻹ʲôԹ𣿡ۿڣʹºʱҲŭˡ
ߴһһ仰û˵ת뿪
Ǵʱȴûߴˣһۣʵ̫޳ܣһȺ۶Ϊ֮ߡ
λۣǷİɣŷһֵǷǵˣ飬λûйϵҲҪһӰ顣ŷЦ˵
Ѿ֪λ۵⣬ȻܸˣǳɹĻλۣں׻ֱӰһ
ʮһ죬Ҳư磬еѡǱ֤׻ƣܵκַǾûġ
ϾʮһɿֲһС
ȷǷҵ۸ܹ̾оŷĲںװģһȵˣ˺ܹġ
ЩӣҴϲӣҾԺȡŷЦ˵
ϲ磬ٴγһ࣬Žŷۣԯ໥ʶһ
ǽƣûʲôìܡʵϽٻҲǶԹŷ缫Ϊһ顣ʵ棬˹ŷ磬棬ϹŷĺˣܵŮ飬ŷеж
գλۣŷһãǿʼ̸ۣҪ֮Уɡ
λۣ飬Ҳͬ⡣ŷ翪ڣֱ˵Լ
ŷĻ΢΢ɫû뵽ŷһ仰Ȼ˵ġ
Ϊʲôʵ
飬ܴʲôı䣬Ը޸ŷΪӣȻѾùŷͬﴫڹŷȴͬ⣬Щɻ
֮УѾûţֻһѧУλۣԸĻԳΪѧУʦʱеѧǵĵӣǿ㴫ŷЦ˵
ɣǲܵģֶ׷ģŷҪģһ磬һ㣬ûзȻֶܳ
ⲻܡһۿڣɫѿһˬˣȴû뵽Ȼûг⣬ǵĴУܹ㴫ڣ򲻿ɡ
ۣʿģʦѡͽܣͽѡʦԸķĵӣڴй¶ѵλ½ΪԽԼ޺ʦɣŷ絭ʵ


1586 ʹ
λȻһ㣬Ǳվʿ۷壬ȻܵһӣҪԽǣǺס
οΪĴڣһǸıԽ޺ԼǸӲˣǶڵ;ˣͨǵж⣬ǿ϶ܹ쵽
ֻǣܹɣ˵Ҳһԥ顣
ڹŷе֣õѡʦķʽǸǲˬΪһۣȴһȺѡʲô°
ԣܶ۶ܣԸӦ
գд֮УȻֻ߸ۣԸ顣
ǳŷϣΪЩһͬأû뵽ԷȻ󲿷ֶͬ⣬ͬģֻۡ
лľۡǴۣۡǡۣ壬Ǻ;֮䣬ȻѪϵ⵹ùŷЩ⡣
Ȼһ飬ЩͬʱǣӿѡʦʦǸӣҲ÷Ҫģֻһļӣƽʱָһ¾ˡ
ŷ˵ĻǶЩȣǸղ˵ⷬЩ֮УٻһЩġ
ǿŤĹϲֻҪһ㲻Ը⣬Ҷ֮УҪĵˡŷ粢Լ뷨˵ĺ档
ǵͷô£Ƕ˾Ȼ׹ŷ˼
ǸѾ˵ˣ򲻹㣬׷ߣӽ쿪ʼǱΪˡǴۿڣȻЩΣ˵
ŷǵĻ⣬ЦҡͷλۣŷֻǿЦģ֮Уƽȣͨķˣǵʣƽȵģ׷ֶѾûˣǿɲҿͷ
ŷĻǴۺľǶʱףŷǸ̨¡
۾׷ߣŷ綼ˣŷǡ

ǹ֣˵Ļ
ǶڹŷΪ˺£ǷĵķԶԣǾãԼʵ̫Сˣۣѡ˹ŷ磬ʵһΪȷ顣
䡣
֮ϣ칬תмս
ԯۣʵ൱չ档˾̾۵ʵĺܿ죬ȻҪ۶졣
ԯ죬Ȼֻǽڻʣʵһ㶼˼սµ𶯣Ůˣ˾ȫͷųµܡ
˵ı֣Ǿܹ̾ȢŮˣ˵ŷĲˡǸ콾Ů˳ΪԼİ¡
ŷ¶΢Цˣ
һִ֣߳ŷͨ档
˭ŷѯʡ
˵ʹߡִ˵
ִߵĻŷһ֪ǼˡֻЩ׵ǣڵ߻ع飬Щ콾ȫ֣Ȼһʤʲôãһսûٴȥˡ
ЩɻŷľǸǣȻ뿪
һ˳֣ŷһϤĸо죬лʵϢתȻĳֵı
һӣŷܣǾһߵá
˹ŷһۣɫ΢΢Щӡ
һЩ飬зǳ
ʲô飿ŷ羶ֱߵλ棬ڱǺءڵݣԺ˵죬ƽƽһʹߣŷûбҪ̫⡣
Ǳȴһŭ⣬ǻãݸ߹󣬶Ϊڹŷ֮ϣڶԷȻǸһñŭ
ŷ磬ǲӦöһЩʡ
Ǻǡ
ŷ絭һЦû˵
ŷ֮ҪΪڱϣܵһɵĵ⣬һԼеˣȾŷϵأǲܵġ
ŷ磬ôǾʹҵģҺܻĺ˽˵ĳ⡣ʹŷ硣
ʱŷǷӦ˱һۣȻ󵭵Ц˵ĳ⣿ҽ˵ģȴҳ⣬ǲеЦǾûг⣬˾˰ɡ
һ㶣û뵽ŷ˵Ļ
һˣҪ˰ɣЩɵеĲһһȻ׻˵ԵǿƣãŷӦ÷ǳҪԼȽ˲Ŷԣöһɽ
ʵȴ֤ŷͲ֮Ĺϵ˵ٽˡ
ŷ磬ҪΪԼ˵Ļ𡣡ŭ
֪ļһҾΪԼ˵Ļ𣬵㣬϶еĵȻĻͿ϶˵ĻصˣӣһˡŷƲ죬Щм
˦֣Ȼת뿪ϴŭб˼㡣


1587 پ
֮УԱѯʣ¶һĨЦ
ֻߡӿЦ
ɫһȻ¶ŵɫˣǰĴǺպĻߡǣʵϱ˽⣬˵󣬻ĻߣֻΪ˵ĵ̰ˡ
˵˵ĻߣԲֹϵ
ʱһ֮϶뿪˱ȻֻʣߣǱ²⣬ھ֮УӦûصĻʲŶԣڰ塣
ǴʱףֲþҪȥ͹ŷǽˣԭһԭ
ֻߵľˣȷʵ̫ơ
Ϊʲôһҡʡ
Ӳҡҡͷ˵飬ֻ֪˶֪ڲ㣬й¶ȥҪΪҵ⻰ǿЦֻҪһܻй¶Ҷ˵ȥ
ŷŵù𣿡ӣ¹˵Խٵ֪ǾԽá
ֻЩԼ֪ŷȴ֪ˣʲô鰡
ʵϣǺ͹ŷ֮ĹϵӦǵ˲Ŷԡ
ϵɫȻ֪һЩʲô˵ŷˣڴ֮ϣκδ޷
Ϊ˵㣬Źŷ磬ǵ˸ǳ߰Ц
ҲҪ֮УҪɱŷ磬п϶һЩջ𣬶ԹŷڵʵѾԽˣǸ߰һ㣬ҲġȰ
һ죬Խʵһһ̬Ц
ʣ赲һ»һ죬пܣ˵һսܶԷǾ췽ҹ̷
͹ŷ֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽˡ
ҪҪ٣ǹŷˣмպδزŷ磬ϣܹúҪ˷Լʣٻʵ۷塣ӵ˵Щ٣ԸϽȰο
ǿ߲һģҲ˺ϣվ˫ɨ磬ɾͻԣĹͷҪȥ˵һ˵ǿʿУ̫Ŀˡ
ȥŷ硣ڣƽ˽е飬ȻԥҪȥҹŷ硣
ȥɡӿڣҪԶ
ҡͷУǾ˵ĻߣȻȥһǰɣİɣһҲκġ
ɫᶨڵͷ
뿪ٴ硣ӭӱִߣû¶һӵɫͬòĽ
ŷٴγ֣ȻͬһһǺ⡣
磬ԺӺܶˣܹвĴڣѾڹŷˡ
ʹ˻ѾȺʱˡڣŷ籧ȭȻɫȻЩȻǿԿڵ̬͸ղѾ˺ܶˡ
ŷ翴һۣ΢΢ͷ߰ɡ
ԯ첻ȥѯʡ
ŷҡͷһ㹻
һţҲһǣһ㹻ǹŷĻش
ͷҲʣŹŷ뿪
ǰ磬ǰ·ɣߵĤݣۻ߳С
ŷ翴˱һۣаͷ콾վ콾ôԼ̬һˣ
Ҫ֪߹Ϊһ߽׻ߵãʲôʱܵίܹһѾǲˡ
̵ܹίܹȡôɹ
ŷãԼʱģδؾܹǱôãǾܲίġ
ǽˣܶʿעˣɫӡ
ǰ˸׻ƣΪСһ֧ǴʱǵĻӣȴȥ׻һתúܶвζ
ŷ̤նУᴩ޾Զ߼ʣȴۻ߶ǡ
һֱܲŷһ̤ȥ
ûκԥҲ±ŷԱ֤ӾԲ飬Ҫ˾
׻ƣɲǰ׻ƣУΪһ塣йηޡսǽ˹żңǹŷ£Ȼ߳۸ǹŷӣԯ죬ۣͬˣȫܿ£ʱ׻ƵʵʵѾȫԽ˾ˡ
Ӻһ꣬ͬʱ֣ǸˣףתŷʱɫгһĨȡ
ŷһ죬ܹǶڹŷսȴһģĸо޷ܡ
ֻһֿܣǾǹŷʵѾԽˡ


1588 һ˳ս
ҲµĲĻλӦǳɵˡŷȿڣǸ֡
߳ɵһߣܲ
ڹŷĸоУɵʵӶҪǿƣҸȡˣܹߺԶճɾ۷ǿߡ
ɵӭǾˡɵڣ͵ͳеԵĸоǸһ崺ĸо
ѲÿŷȻѾӦӣͲʧԼŷ翴һۡ

ӿڣӭӹŷ
ʵϣûаڿųԳӭѾ˹ŷӣߵĹˡ
֮УҲŽˡӺͳɵˣû˵ʲô
ǿ˹ŷһۣ˵δǰ
ӵüͷ΢΢ãԯһǰԹŷʵϺԯ֣ȻӣȥһսŲᱻɣԯ첻󣬻ҪɵҲȥ̨ûл򣬿϶Ͱ²һЩ顣
ԣԵЩǡ
ŷûԯǰԯۼսŷ簵ʩչֶΣǸоʱţӦû۵
ȵԯ췴Ӧ֮һսѾˣ뵽ŷ¶һĨЦݡ
ΪηЦŷɫŹ֣̲סʵ
ŷŷӦһ˵û£ֻ뵽һЦ֮¡
кκЦ֮£ɵ档ùŷǿߣ̲סЦ飬϶Ǻ˼飬Ƿǳ档
ŷЩɵۣһʵڣǹװûԼķܣԼʲôЦԼ뵽ʲôЦˡ
ڿԯһѵ飬ǿ϶˵ġ
ǰи̫࡭ŷ˵Ȼͣ
ҪȱأȻŷ˳˵ûˡ
˰죬ŷҲûмɵʻֻɻ˼ʲô
ŷͷ㵹ʰ
ڣɵˣ̲סʵʲô̫ࣿ
ۡŷһһѪ˳ףĶ֪̫ġ
ûˡŷܿ췴ӦȻ˵
ɵüͷĸˣɻ˵ûˣ첻ͿˣʲôЦ𣿡ĲףһӣùŷеѪ
ʱĹŷ磬Ҫһ³ɵô
ȿȣ˵ЩϻˣһսԼһ˾Ϳˣ˭Ҳ̨濴Сŷ翪ڣ˵ԼĴ㡣
ʲô
ӾסˣɵͱҲվû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļ
һ̨ǰֵĻĻߡŷȻʵȺҲܻߵ֡
𣿡ü
ӮˣҲǻ޿֣ҪˣԼΣգеˣ϶ʶ֮г⣬Ȼһ̨飬Ҳͬ⡣ٴοڡ
ͳɵҲһ뷨ŷ̫ˣǵǲĹŷİȫֻǾãŷĻ˵Ǽ䲻ġ
ǲңŷʵ
ʣǲ֪ô˵˵ǲŹŷ磬¹ŷ緢ŭһҪս˱ȻҪΣա
ҹŷʲôˣǻȻǰܲˬˣǾԲôЦҲԼЦǷģһһܴӮŷ˵쳣š
һȻףŷԲԼЦˣϣҲӦòῪЦ
˵ԼܴӮаա
ֻǣһ죬Ҫߣʵ̫ˡ
飬ôˡŷ˵
ȻаգǾͶˡɵڣֱİ塣
ɵ֣Ӿߣзı֤ҪŹŷƷӶİ壬ȴû뵽ɵȻ׵ıӦˣ㻹бİ취𣿡ɵʡ
ӳĬǻбİ취λȥŷ磬Ͼô˵ŷ綼һˡ
ȻҶǾѪһֱǳжԡ
ˣ׼һ䣬Ҫʱ򣬾ͺһŷ˵Ȼת뿪
ɵͬΪŷ簲˷䡣
һʣŷ絽׿ɿߺ󣬱ѯӡ
ӿЦ¶һĨȷɫҶ˵ɿǵ׿ɿɿҲɡ
õһ𰸣ɵۣ֪˵Щʲôˡ
˶һۣԷеΣټһˣʲôʱȻһزˡ


1589 ɱ
ŷԼĴ㣬ҪھΪܵʱ򣬴ԼɹĽԼפھ˵С
ԣҪһ˲սʱ޵Ϊеսػ
ѪӦѣŷҪһͳ
֮ǰԾƫΪӱĺǴʱȴвͬĸоΣǶǾѪӱܣֻһ˵ʵҲкôģٱ˾Ѫһ֣ûе㡣
ĻҪǾսѪսǿ߶䣬˵Ŀ˵֮֡
ŷһУʣе۵ϢҲлʵϢȻȫںһγһֿµ
ޱߣеķ͵֮Ĵͨͣӡ档
ʱĹŷ磬ÿʱỵ̈ڽȣѾ˵ǲεˣѪڣɫѪ۵˼㣬̺ſµԹԡ
һʮգչţѾߣʵǱѾǾ֮еΪܳˣнɽӰ˵Ĵ㡣
ŷ綴Ϥǵ뷨һЦǺ⡣
սѾˣȥɡ˵ɫЩء
ĸŷʵ
˵ͷ˵ߴսͬʿļս㹻ȥˣҲûôǸоȫĻۣԯǶȻƴҲǳԵЩ˵İɡ
ŷƲƲ죬Ų׻Ƹ־У˭֪飬жΣաһ׷Ǹɫצӣһֱûлع飬ǻݺһֱ˵ս£ʱͻƣŷѾˡ
֮УȻи򣬵ǰ׷ȴ͹ŷ˵Ϊ߾֮ͲˣΪЩǿߣϹսǳ֣ʵе̫۸ˡ
սҲ˵ˣ䣬δؾûгԽһĴڣǶֵĻҲĳЩɴڣڹŷǲ
ŷҲȣάľ棬ʵһֺ¡׻ƼۣʵʵѾȻˣȻ֮Ͱ壬Ҳǵʮ㡣
ŷһֱž裬Ҫģϳȫȡ
ԣһ˳ǲЩðգһԭҪϳԵȹ̡
ˣڻ˵Щʲô߰ɡŷ絭һЦ
ЩˬҲûа취ִһŻһƬս
һƬȾѪĴأ飬е䣬۶ϵıУɢڸطȻѾȥ£ǿԸܵ־ɱ
Щǻʱ͵۱ӵеıȫµĴս۶ϣ
һƬʵɱ˲֪ٵۻʡ
ŷü磬ôôʵأ
뵽˺ܶط޾ĵʡ磬˶ߣ˶𣬹ŷ
޾ܶۻսٳлߺʹս˭Ҳ֪жսطȴһʱոտٳġ˵
ŷ𾪣ɨһۣ֮ȫʬѵһʱôǿߣ
ΪҪɱЩǶʲôӵĵ˲ܺɨʲôӵأƷȴںģʵǧŴޡ
ǿ˹ŷ뷨̾Ϣ˭ܹûһҰأ磬ȴΪɱӢܵ㣬޾£̫ǿˡ
Ҳ̾ϢǲɱޱȻԻ͵ģ棬ԣ־һ붼˼
䡣
һǼվ죬ǳǰԵ÷ǳСһնһǺը飬޾緭ء
һۣԹȻսӽնأͷųԼ޾
鳾ѾˣαػҪءŷ̾Ϣһָֻظ֣Ǹ۵ʬ֡
Ȼ꾭ڶȻ۲ҵԹ
ãǸԹʧ˴֮ϣʬǻһ⣬ʧ
㵽ǺġӸ̾
һ˵ȻңȻңһ£ŷȻԹڽ׽ѡ
ֻаˡŷ翪ڣɫƽ
ǺǣȻ꾭ôصĶУȻΪϱһ֮˳֣ͷһַɣĿƣŹŷ磬һĨȡ


1590 
Ȼ꾭ںܶ˵жŵĶǲ֪Ȼ꾭ʲôãֻ֪ǽȻ꾭ӵ˼£ԳΪ
ȻȻ꾭еҪ壬ҲκֻͨһƪģȻصΰֻܹ꣬Ϣֶڹŷ翴һһ
ֻǿַǳȵ񣬹ŷ絭һЦϱҲܺãǰһƨҷš
ַɫһ˵Ҫúýѵһ¡
ҪҶ֣Գ֣һ磬Ҫ£һûˣձһ˰ɡŷ˵꣬Ҫ֡
˳һŷ̫ǿˣʱ򣬱Ҫ֣սҪ֪Էߣһƣ쳣ˡ
ŷ磬ƾ𣿡ַɴЦ
ŷû˵ֱӳֻ֣ʩչַֹȥ
ַɴŭû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵־ͳֻ֡Уַɳ֣Ҫ
ֻת˺Ȼ鷢ˣַɾȻڷ˥ϣ˾˲䱻룬Ҫ̤ĹĴӡ
ⲻһߣӦеı֡
ơ
ַɳ֣˫ӡǿֹͷȥ
һߣҲֻ֣ͬء
ߣͬʱʩչԼĿֶΣճַѪ磬ŭòƽϢϵ֮ȻˣַҲڲһѪ˳
ʲôַʵĲš
ŷһУȻԼԼĻ֣߳鷳ˡ
ֻصŷ翪ڣɫƽ
ֻأǧţ˶𾪡
ͬһ㣬ֻذһУأ춼ֻУҲ˵ֻصͬ
Σֻض쳣£أҲȿֲƿֻصƿϵһз
ܣûܹƿֻأ˵ֻصں˵ַɱɫڹŷֻأΪֻһͨǹŷֻء
ңֻأֻСֻأĴֻء
ŷûֻǵ˵Ҫһս𣿡
ַɲ˵ʱѾԹŷĿֲˣȻ͹ŷһս
ߡ
һַɴԼߵˣս
ŷǽǷַλս໥š
Ͻɫ죬ǿ֣߳ͬˣֻǲʣаԵͰԻˣǸ֮䣬Եðʮһֿµƣڻߡ
ˣַ̾Ϣ뵽Լ֮УȻܳˣʵǲࡣ
˺ѾˣôҾõˡҰڣƤЦⲻЦ˴к
ûڳˣɵӣ˭֪Էûʲô˼Ҫ˿
һĻҰҲΣһЦȻӵˣֻˣǺǡ
Ļ˵ĺǰʵ±Էˡǰһսߵıֻ൱һĻսȺǻԿġ
ǾˣȴֱˣֻսǣðҰ֪ǵɵʲôס
˰Ұһۣӵ˵ԡ
ܼ򵥣ȴԱԼ޾壬Ծˡǵʮı֣ʱðҰһ
Ȼ;ݣʱѣվȺԽǿԽˡ
ˣϻ˵ôˣȻѾˣɳְɣһսַɿڣɫЩ˷ܡ
վ˳һǸղźһֵλ̩һһòĻߣ֮УŷвΪˣꡣ
Ҳ߳ߣҰˣǰΪǿĻʡ
˫ͬʱĿⶢסߡ
ŷ绺վȻһһ˳һĻ˶Щ㶣ѵˣֻйŷһ˲ս
ǰ壬壬Щ⡣
ȻǶףһʽȻӮˣҲ棬Լĵǰ˭ԸͷǶɳԼǿˡ
ŷ磬һ˳սҰʵüͷ
ַҲŹŷ磬ȻŷղűֵĺǿƣΪŷƵʩչͨһһ֮£ַҲǹŷĶֵģҪһ˵ĻŷذܡַɲΪŷľʵԼ̫ࡣһŷʤˡ


1591 ̬
ŷ絭һЦȻ⡣
Ͱеˣ̲סһ
ӣ˼ҰĿתӡӶԼѶܹ飬ҲûʲôвˡһСһزˣֻѣƣ˳ɲ˴
ҵ˼ŷ翪ڣûӻش
ΪʲôҰʵ
һ㹻ŷ翪ڣɫƽ˵֮ÿһֶͬըһ֮硣


ַɺͰҰͬʱһ£ǲ֪֮ϵˣܻΪ֮أŷ干ͬĵˡ
ŷ¶һĨЦ˵
ˣȻһֻŷһˣǾͿʼɡʣµǸ˵֣һһ磬һȺС
ͬʱ;һ˶֣һ磬Χ£С
磬ͬʱģҪ򿪣ֻͬʱ֣ս֮
ȻصĻδгĻᡣ
˱УǶţַɵϣͻȻ¶һĨЦݡ
ŷɫ䣬˫֣վɨַǡ
֡
ַɺһʱ䣬ŷɱ˹ȥ
ʣһȥɱ졣ȣͬʱ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ŷ粢⣬ֱӺƹȥַǵĹ
޳ܡ
ӵɫѿû뵽ַȲܰ壬һΧŷ硣Ȼڹŷһ˲սЩлǲϣŷġ
ַЦһ˫ɨȥ콣
ŷ֣ײңȻһһȭֻظ֣Ǹ̩ŵøϽˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ŷһȥʩչʷǸնȥ
ȫ֣ŷͨײȫֹŷס
˺Ȼŷʵ˵սǳˣȻһ˵סߡ
ȻһжʱģҲ㹻ˡ
ͻȻһ˵󣬹ŷϵϢǴĻʵϢҲǵ۵ϢϢںһγɵһµ
쳣£ѹ
ôܣַɱɫںϣûնʧˣС
ۺε콾޷ͬʱַţ۷塣
Ҳд˵ںֵˣȻҪ۷壬ϲԱȼ磬Ѷڡ
Ȼ֪ڳԣնʧˡ
ȴһˣںһûκų⣬γһµҪͨһ·β𾪡
ҰҲ˹ŷ״̬𾪵ɫȻһɱ⡣
ŷ΢΢б˰ҰһۣЩ裬һֱڣδ֣ˣΧԼܲӦãϸղŰҰϵɱ⣬ŷоŷףԲô򵥵ġ
СӦĹûȫӲͣƶǾԼ
˼սһᣬҲо˲ԣһֱ֣ʵе㲻Ծ˵Ӧǰ˺͹ŷ֣ܣǲžʤǿڵӣǿߣͽˣͬĵλϡ
˿ɣץᣬ弸ʣԥŷ֣ȳһС
壬ѵ𣿡ŭʡ
ɵҲԵ÷ǳŭԶԣɵȽ侲ֻǶŰеˣһȻ
ȻڰΪҲŭˡ
вޣȻٲϲŷ磬ҲףŷһǴžһսģŷ
һιƽһͬʡµǸ߿ڣƽûһ˼һȻĸо
ԻʺͰԵüǶ飬ȸͲ֪
ԿǰΪʲôһԻʲ˵һϣһߣȻһȻĸо
ǲǻߣûбҪѯǵ˼Կ񵭵˵̫˷С
ԵһĮȻ˵Ҳûʲô˲ġɫᣬȰԻʸӵļңŰԿһս⡣
ǲԿüϴЦҲţߵľǿΥġ
ʮ㣬ûн˷С
Կʸ񣬱ȰҰӵϣʵҲǿȻ֪наߵʵȴΪ˻ԼĶ֡
ʣŰˣɫ΢΢ЩȻԼ˻ңом


1592 ս
˶ŰԿܷͬŭ
ΪûϵģǾã͹ŷ֣ǿߣȻ໥֮û뵽ǣֶսŷ磬岻Ųʡ
ĵ壬ǾһԵڡ
תž˵ۿҪ֡
ҪΪ壬ǵˣǵˣԵΪ֮ˣȴάݣѵҪ壿Կʡ
Կ㲻ҪϹ˵Ҳ֪ԵԲ飬ΪߣҪΪԼĻ𣬲ҪѪˡԻʺǳ⡣
ԻʣҪΪ֮ǰǰеƶˣǰ֮½ϣǶʵһ㡣Կŭ
Ի˸ź⣬ϽɫѪȣһҪ֡
ҲŪŭˡΪһԼѣǼ䲻ģǿƣ˭Ҳ֪жٵ̣ĻֻоݺͰ֣ܹ⡣
ǲǿĻ壬Ҳū磬ѪͰ嶼ūͣʹ
ȻѾȥ޾£ͬǿǰԻȴôʱУһ㳤ûС
ͬ콾ƣǿЩ϶Ҳֲǿߡҵһսֻ˵ǽңһͰһεȻԻͣպյĲŽܡ
ڰԻʺͰԵʱҰǵΪ
ԣҪˡ
ڴʱҰҲ̲סڳ֣ǲɱˣǳŷ硣
쵰Եһ
ԻҲɫѿ˰Եһۣʱʲô˵ˡϤԻʵȴ֪ʱİԻʣˡ
ЩζĿһۣԿһĨЦԼ˵ǴġΪǳŵֻҪɱˣǱ㽫ǸͷóҲΪʲôѡԭ
֣߳ʱùŷЩֲңһȣվڹŽδ߳֡
ȫᷨӡΪµͨ
ͨ񡣡
һֿµͨŷ֮ںϵ۵ͻʵϢ졣
֮һƬããȫڣǹȥû죬ӹŽδʱɱ硣
߾ŭܵһɿµƣԿвǡ
ȫ֣ҰˣֱӻӶȭת˼ޣء
ַɵҲһ㣬ȫʩչԼµֶΣǻȣ㸲һ㣬ӿѹȥ
ֱӱâûȻߣ޷ַͨ֯һ飬γһƬµ޳߽ȥҪش
ߵӰȫɳȥȾѪ
ŷһӲߣȻһƽɫ𺳡
ʷ
ŷ翪ڣնַɡ
ַɫأ˫ữ콣ɨŷײ

ַɵסŷһԼҲˣڿѪ
ŷٳ֣ɱǸģĻߣԷĿ棬Źŷ磬ҡ
˴ײͨŷ罫Ǹߺɳȥ
޾УǵһɱƸ˵ˡǸ߿ڣԳƸ衣
·ӵ΢΢ɫƸ裬ԴǶһ˽⣬Ƹ֮УΪһˣǴͳϵɾͻߣǵ壬˻߾硣
ںܶǿ˵Ƹ趼һجΣ˵ս޵У֮ͬУûмܹ
ŷЦȻоƸǿǺȣԷռơŷ˫Ϻ˼£Ʋ࣬ɱԲƸ衣
ɱ
Ұɱʩչȭŷ硣
ͬʱҲ֣ٻʱѳŷն䡣
ﱻû
ŷһһǰָͣ䣬ײЩ
˺Ȼһֿµı֣һӲߣҪǵĹȻһ֮ϵǿߣҲǳԽǼС磬ܹһ㡣
ǣŷȴǰѵߣȴûбˡ⣬ͷųĹԣ߹ȥ
Ұɫˣһֿ־壬ǹŷߵԼǰǱȻҪԴ
ַɣȳ֡Ұ󺰡
ߣȫʩչͨŷȥ
ŷƹȥӲ̩ɱȥָֻţ¡
̩ɫȥ
ŷᣬ˫ֺʮշ֣̩С
ֻѹ£̩


1593 ɱһ
ֻѹϣȻΪߣڼȥȻ̩һըԪ˥ܣط˳ȥûбɱ
һֻصķΧ̩ԪڿٵĸգȻˣҲǱشˣս½㡣
ָ̩ŷгԹ
ŷû׷ɱȥΪһɱȭ춯أҪɱŷ硣ַҲ֣˫ữ콣ֱն䣬նǬ
ŷ֣üķ⣬ֱ߽ӻַɡȻǸߣŷͻȻ˸ֱӸתսǿ߲ɱ
壬ۣһǽսĺ֣ǴʱǸߣȴŷɱˡ
ŷѹƣϣѪȻŷһȭһȭҳȥǿ֮ԽһĻߣǶϽۣձ򱬣ɳȥ
˾ŭҰɱ۾׹˸
ſһ£һǺӴ䣬дǳ֯һµ󣬽ŷС
ơ
ŷ翪ڣ򵥶ֱһֱֻ֣ûǺУһֻֽը飬ȻŷҰץ˹ȥ
ҰľϽ㿪Ǳһ̣վڵǸطû
ŷ֮У̻ʵǻҰԻˡ
ʱŷսԶԶԽһ죬жǳ
ն
һߣԻʽն䣬ɱŷͷ­
ŷתü罣ɳԷĻʽײ

һ죬Ǹߵˣʽһ˳ȥ罣ɳȥâǸ롣
Ǹߵˣò˳ȥһȴܵ˺صĴˡ
һֱַ֣ɿڣ֪ȥУΪսпܻᱻŷƣʱǿΣա
һ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ɫأŷУɱŷıѾ׵ľסǣܹ˱ֵˣм
ҪԶ𣿺ǺǡŷЦͻȻ߳һˣһģһͬ졣
һ壬ķͱӵͬս
ңڹŷķ棬һսףһѻʽǸ߽׻ʱԽǻһĻʱ
ڹŷԼսսףżˣĿ䡣
ͷۣһŷôսʤֳһʵͬڹŷ磬ܹӷϣܵս
ǣʱȴݲѾزˣֻսȥ
ΧŷҲͬʱ˳ȥ
Ǽսŷ籾սߣʩչһֶϻֱ꣬Σ˺ѡȻָֻظɱˡ
ǿ߱ɫһǸܵһ־ԵѹƣͲǹŷĶ֣һ棬Ǳ㱻ˣȥĻǶҪ⣬ܿҪɱ
ǵĹԹŷôȫסŷսսףǻΪס󲿷ֵĹʣµʹϣҲô
ۡ
ַתҪŷ磬ȴûãŷֱӴ򱬡Ԫӣͬʱɳһŷ硣
ŷ֣ȭͷ֮ϣ޾˸ڱ֮ϡ
ǲ
һʱǴʱȻ˿µƣ顣

ַɴҪջĳɵԸ⡣
ʱѾˣŷֱ֣Ӻһ۳Уַɱ˸ȥ
ҡ
ַɴ𣬺Լͬ顣
ǿ߳Ҳסŷ硣
ͨ񡣡
ŷ𣬻ֱһͨͨɱȥ
ʱ֮ת緭󱬷ַɵԪ񳹵ױûҵ׳һһʱǶãЩʱȫ飬ֱֲӺַɵԪ棬Ԫһըɢ
һˣŷɱסˡ
ǵʿ۷Ŀ´ڣ𣬺ųƲޣشֻأ޷ĨɱǴʱȴŷɱһ
˻Ĳš
ԿҲЩɫ䡣ַɻߣҲδػʲô³ŷ̫ǿˣ徹ȻΧһˣҪñŷɱ׼
Ǹ硣һߴ𣬶ӡ
ԿҲͬı֣Ҫ硣ǲñĻߣ͹ŷһȺеĻʣʵ̫ˡ
ǣǾżҲã磬Ҫ򿪣ͬʱ֡ŷռϷ磬Ҫӳֽ磬ǾԲܵġ
ӵһЦλ԰꣬δ䣬Ȼǽ⿪磬ҲûôǵȵȰɡ
ʱʺͰԿŭǰԻʺͰԵˣǶһۣԷеĳ
͵ʴףƲɱˣȴ˵ԼίʵЦ


1594 δɱ
ˣֻˣѵҪһս𣿡ǿв
ԿɫᣬˣɱȻ
ǿЦʼ˵ݺͰ֮Ϊѣʲô飿һ𣬶ԸѪھȻвǣΡЦЭ
ӵĻЦԿɫѿҲ֪һε飬ĲǺƯΥѵ˱ӡ
ȴڣĶӣ˵ҲЩڽ򿪣ҷĸֳȻĻ˶սˣǱذܡ
ûˡ˵ǰԵԻһ뿪ԿߣվӵĲԶŰԿǡ
Կŭû뵽ؼʱ̣˾Ȼվڵһ
ԻʣԵǱѣвԭǵġԿŭ
ĻðԻЦмѬģѾ֪ʲôĵˣһζ׷ƣȴĶݾѣʧȥѣʱҿ塣
Ի˵⻰û˿Σˣǳԡ
;һĵ壬໥Ϊ񣬶Ҫ屻֮֮ſʼĻƣڣҪںģǲԡԵҲڣɫ䡣
ԿɫѿԻʺͰԵвʱȻǳʱվе˵λãŭ
ִ˵Ļұ㽫塣Կҧгݡ
ֻѾ˵ɴ˿ɼеķŭڰԵͰԻʵĹ۵㣬ϿɣڰԿΪĻ壬һж׵
ħˡԵҡͷ
Իʲģ˭ҲҶ֡
ʵϣǶҲãԿˣܾѹˡԻʺͰԵˣǰ콾ǰԵܹߣȻܻܣҲ١֮ʣѾ֪Ȱǰǿ˶ˡڰԻʵΪҲǸ
ԣǷսǲռκơ
磿ȷԼܹסҵĺɱŷ翪ڣ͸Ǹ紫ʱɫ
Ӻͳɵǣ¶һĨЦݡ
䡣
ŷٳ֣ѹ̩Ƹ裬ѪɳȥǴ𣬳ױҪŷܡ
һжͽͣ罣ɨȥо˵Ľǵϡ
ʷŷ֣ʷնֱû̩üġ
ĿɢĿһ磬Ȼֱը顣
˺Ȼһʱɱߣһ㼱ˣŭ죬Ҫŷǧһ
ԻʺͰԵһۣͻȻߡ
һʱ˵˼ˣҪסȵŷɱʱ򣬳׻ɱǡ
ʶʱӦ˿ԥתܣҲͬˡ
һĻƸЦȼԼĴԴŷȥȻɱŷ磬ҲҪŷˡ
ŷЦʩչֻͨأ죬ѹƸ衣
գƸ豻򱬣ʣȫɱѪȾһƬ硣ŷЦߡ
ҰǱɫѾ˺ۣŷսǲǶ֣ǻȾѪʱŷ籾ȫɫ
Ȼռƣǿһʱ̶סŷ硣
ԵͰԻվ棬ڡ
ǸͲİߵɫƽǸսзһУΪ
ŷ磬֮ѣɱǣڼǵ˫ʵҰɫ԰ףһҲ
ǹŷǣҪȥǲܵġ
Ǹղҳֵʱôû֮ѣŷʣɫĮλߵг˺⡣
Ұ֪˵ЩʲôãϾģŷǳ֣Ȼ顣
ʵϣ˵ղŵĻѾˣԼʵǺ޳ܡ
ŷ磬ҵȻдվû˵㣬ϣܹһ㡣Ұ˵ȻϻģȴȻڡ
Ͼ¹ߵܹ׷
Ŷ˵ҪɱǵĻԼˣŷϴһĨЦݣһֱ̣ӳ֣ɱҰ
ۡ
ҰУһԪֿµƣ˳ȥ
һ̣ŷɱĻߣǶһŷԪӳȥ
ŷ翴ҲһۣջطȻ˫ֽӡ֮ϣһ̣ŷ߳ŷֱ˳
ǵ棬һΡŷ翴˰ԻʺͰԵһۣ˵
л
˹֣ûгǵϡ


1595 ػ
ҰҲǸ߳ɫѿ
ŷֱǣ°ܽٱУǵ̫СĳɾҲ̫
ֻаԻʺͰԵˣпܵ۷塣
һսҾѪʤԺҾѪأ˳ӿڣɫ¶һĨϲ
ŷ翴һۣƲƲ죬⡣
ɵЦһ֣̫ˣ磬˭ܹۣڲǰˣǾݻǲҪıȽϺá
ɵѣҲѹˣ΢΢ҡͷЦһľ
˶ŷɫͲ⣬ֳƺǰһ㶼ĵӡ
аԲԼĶȻһˣ졣
һôĿ϶ưոݣǻ룬Ӧıɡŷ翪ڣӡ
ɫһҲʶһ㣬ʱɫЩѿ
׻ƲõģΪиƣۣ㹻ˡ˵йŷı̬һѹߣʵڵ磬˭ǰȥǣǾȴһȻ֮Уỳɾ˵Ļȴ֪ݻûܹѹǵĴڡ
ĻǻֶԸˣΪ
ɫѿֻһᣬιȥˡֻǰԻȴɫоһʶһЩ⡣
վ󣬼˵Ŀ仯ûӹ۾ԻʵķӦ֪Щ鷳ˡ
гأȴɫ׼Ȼ¶ʲô顣
йŷˣûʲôù˼ɵģһˣ׻ƣѾܹĴˡڣ˵Ļ
ŷ΢΢һ£ȻͷһͬԴǱһңĸ£ȻǺڡ
˵ı̬Щ˼˵˺׻֮䣬ߵһӺͳɵЩ⣬ȴʲôû˵֪Ϊˣ׳ɵܲϲŷ磬ڣȴ˵Ļ϶ԭġ
ԻһȻղ²⣬͹ŷĶԻףȻԼĲ²ģҲʲôΪ
һ֦̫ͬˡ׻ǿƣǴ۾𣬿ƿ¡˽һƣǼֲġ
֮˶ӣȻ໥뿪
ŷ翴˱һۣȻЦ˵㵽ʱ顣
ղŰԻʿһ⣬ΪΣֻܹ˵㲻òϣҲһʵǶһˡŹŷ磬˵
ŷͷȻһ㡣
һЦ˵һܴĲˬһûǾͲˣûս԰
ŷĻڳļˣ̲סһۡ
Ϊһ죬ߣɱսȻʵǲ֪˵Щʲô
ҸûȥˣҲҪעһ㣬ıԲ򵥡ŷɫ΢΢Щ࣬еǿ󣬽ʶġ
߳ߣ⻹ǻһ֮ϵǿ뿪ܹ֮ó֣˭Ҳ֪֮УûиĻʡ
ԣΣյģû㹻ػˡ
ʶһ㣬ɫÿ
һ¡Ӻ
ŷֹһۣ˵֪˵ʲôÿ𣿾Ȼ׻֮ͬԴܹһѾ御Ҫػ׻ƣѵЩЦ𡣡
Ȼ޻˵
лߣҪɱңЩ飬Ҳʥˣܹͻŷʡ
˶˵˶Թŷ飬ֹЩӣԹֻ֣Ǻ裬뿪ġ
ǣȷʵһֱѣ˵ǴС
Ǵˡɵڣһɳ˵ĻԵ쳣䡣
һߣ׿ڳԼˣü˶Щ𺳡
ӿЦ̾Ϣ飬дǳɵûдõǸˣԲǳɵ
ΪɵԴӹŷ֮ǰ㿪ʼչأڲǰſʼأ˻߾硣ҳɵ̫ڵȻδЩֵ飬ڶԴ׻Ƶ棬ɵһ㶼δ롣
ûдǣŷ磬ԸԾλ룬Ըػػһľ顣ӶŹŷ磬ʵ
νų򣬱ܶսֻǶѣھˣֻǵĺǵһЩͨĺˣڵ飬ûʲôѵҪǷ𣿡Źŷ磬˵
ȫĿƣŹŷ硣


1596 
ͬ⡣ŷ翪ڡ
Ļһ䣬ͬʱһ
̫ˡ˵˻Ȼûһҵĸо
ŷ翴һۣͻȻ¶һĨЦѵǾͲҽ̲
˶һ㶣Ȼȷʵû뵽һ㡣
ǹŷĳΪǾ˵ܹ飬ʱֻҪѹӺͳɵˣܹƿˡ
뵽ɫÿ
ǷģҲ飬һ죬˵飬ҪһͳݣһὫˣ׻Ƶġŷһ仰˵쳣档
һ֪ԹŷڵʵмںԼ˵ѡֻǶĻЩΪȻ˵飬׻Ǹӵ̬ȣû̫ͬУǹŷ˵飬ǸͲΪᷢ
ŷ磬˸㣬˵λһλңһλǳɵһλţһλˣǶһ޶ģʲô飬Ž˵
ŷ翴һۣаЦ˵ѵҪҸҪ֣ǲܵģҲҪΪҵ׻˿ǣҿɲġ
ŷ粻ɵӣ˵ãûеǸز
⵹ᣬҿԱ֤˺׻Ƶ棬֮䣬ǹӮģԲ໥𺦡˵
ȻҲף鲻ɵӣŷɵӣȻܸ⵱ǹá
ǾͺãǷģһ𣬶ĶǸұһִǲҶŷ綢ż˵ûд˫飬ŷȻΪһְ᳹׽׻ƾ
˵ΪҪģ硣
룬ҪСеκһΪ֮У϶е̣һǼֲġ
׷Ҳмɵҳ֣ǳһЩϹԹŷ粻
ԣŷҪģţֻԼʵȻ׳ʵһĴ㣬ȥģĴﵽԼ˵֣˵飬Ҫһ׻Ϊ
飬ǲܵģŷţԼһЩŬֿԵģһֱȻԡ
䣬ǿΪ𣬾û֧ŷ絽ʱվΪʱ˵ģ¡
뿪ָƽ
䣬Ҫ֪϶𾪡
˴һϢŷˣΪ֮һϢʱ硣
˭Ҳû뵽˺׻ƽ֮󣬾Ȼᷢ顣ܶŽڲ²⣬벻ͨ⵽Ϊʲô˺͹ŷ֮䣬ΪУھȻߵһʵ𺳡
ң׻ʵǿƣȻˡ˽һȻ£кɨơ
еʿ飬Ҳ𾪣Ŀɿڴȫû뵽һ㡣Ҫ֪ŷȻͬԴ磬ǿ飬Ϊ̫Сȴе飬ΪԼЩбŤ
ֻǣϲľ޷ԡ
֮УײĻ֣ǳԣû˸Խ
ȻˣҲкܶ˲Ͱۣ۹ŷ硣
úһϢȥսŷһ˶սǿߣߣȡʤͬʱɱߡ
Ϣһ綼ˣ˭û뵽ŷ羹ȻǿƣʣնɱʣһʲôӵսҪ֪ŷΪһ죬ı̫ˡ
Щ飬һƿԣ֪˵Щʲôá
磬վǿΪģڻһȥʱһǿפ˵һֱϡ
ң׻֮ʵǿ󣬺ȻѾˡ
뵽Щȫʧȡ֮ģ־η
һУδŷϣκʱκ飬ǿߣԶֻǾηġ
ص磬ߴһУ˶ǳˡ
Ǽ˵þͳһڿѾ˼ʵһֻҪŷܹЩе󣬽˺׻ƺһһǳĵ顣
һôҶס˵ļŽ硣ŷ翪ڣȴδ뼸۳֣ǽĿۺǡ
£Ƕɳˣɺʡ
ҲҵȸöһµʱˣЩһǻæ˵ϵŨһʱ䣬һȺ۵ָ֮£̰׷̺ǣ۵Ϊһǧݣʵӿֲˡ


1597 
ŷͷҲһ뷨綯ǿ磬ȫڿµС
ҰħĳĬС飬ʱӵĳĬˣһϢȴ£ȻڤͬذħӵĴħЩ硣
һô̬ŷզࡣ
ҰħһۣڤЦ쵰Ҫɻˡ
ŷſҰħȻѾڻʵľ磬УߵĺԶﵽһޡ
ɻʣһ˵еңԶҲԯĴڣߵĺܿ죬ߵڻʵǸ磬ǹŷǣкܳ·Ҫߡ
Ұħ͹ŷˣǴʱȴǡ
Ȼ˵ʵҰħδǹŷĶ֡˲д裬ֻҰħŷһۣ㿪˵ҲĶ֡
һȺ𾪣Ȼŷ񣬸ڿһ
ʼ磬ŷ粻˵
Ҳţǽ٣ǳ£µĹ켣תԵ÷ǳ졣
һʵҲǿںȻ죬һϢֲû߶оѹ
գֱѹ죬С
˳֣һϣǰǿ̫ˡ˵Ϊǳһ£ȫ죬û⡣
ŷ߹ȥ彣һ£Ȼ˴Ц
䡣
˸һ
ŷת׻ʳ֣СͬһϹ׻ʣʵ£ӿ֮䣬ȫ޾Ŀֲ
˶Ȼһµǿߣ׵һֲľ磬黯ζ컯
ѣþò֪ʲô飿ŷѯʡ
Źŷ磬˫֣ʧ˵õ׵УҪ
û⡣ŷֱӿڡ
һ£ȻͷӽҼ׻ơ

˻Ȼ׻ʣһҲ׻ˣ˶ˡҪ֪Ͻ׻ʣһµǿߣرǽЩʵͻͽսһʣȻˣʮǰʵʲô磬˭Ҳұ֤
Ҳˡ
һǿߣȫ磬綼𾪣һʲôӵ硣Щһܹڵ֮У棬һǴʱȫ
֮УƺԪ쳤Хߣɱ졣
ƺԪδԼ游Ȼ䣬˻ɱϢʱΪԼء
ǣʵȴ뷨Լ游ȷʵˣһɱ游һģͬǿƵĻʡ
ƺԪ޼ˣ̳嵽еĳ嶯ҪŷɱԼ游𡣵Ȼǿ
ƺԪʵȻǿ󣬵Ѿȥַȣûκƣ£ȥҹŷǣ
Ҫ𡣡ƺԪŭ
ԣڣ׻ƺ;˽ˣʵǸŷ̫ˣһ˻ߣԼĶ𣿡һʿڣӻһˣַһãǿƺԪƺԪĻ֮ʡ
ʹҲҪɱ֮УʯٵֶζǡƺԪ˵
ǸЦĲм˵ʹҪʯ٣δܹĵδܹ˵˹ŷ磬ŷʵеǿˣ죬һδʩչȫ
ʲôһƺԪıˡ
һ˻ߣɱ𣬻δʹȫʵʵ̫ˡûи߽׻ߵĽ죬ŷ缸ɨˡ
ߣżҴ죬ҹŷںѣЩѣһȲ˸Ž磬ȴǵķ˵̸ĿģһĨɱ⡣
ƺԪɫ䣬üͷû˵
ˣҪôˣǿ϶Ҫġɢſµɱ⡣
ǾǺͰ֣δǶ֣ңûµˡƺԪü˵
еףʧλ֮󣬶˵˲ʵһ˻ַɣڵˡ
Ҫģǹ׻ƺ;ˣǾһˣ塣
Ⲣ׵£ַ֮֮кзڵˣҪһµˣ²һ򵥵顣
һ֣ûѣ̫ǿˣū۸塣
ʿƺԪһۣȻ󵭵˵µѾˣˣѣʵкܶѵġ
ʲô
ƺԪסˣҪˣһ仰ѣʲôӵˣʸǵѡ


1598 ٶȥ
Ͻ֮УһսɭȻսգɱȻ˶ݣ޾⻹ǵһμһ
ԳѪǿޱȣһһʮ𡣡
޾ǿ˻ǽפء
֮УҲǿ֣߳ӭһ塣
𾪣֮䣬ѵѣȻĻλֻ֣ǣδ˵ѣһǿƵ塣
ܶ𾪣ͬʱҲףҪкϷˣΪһǿƣ壬ޱȡ
һγ׻Ƴ֡
ܶͻȻ뵽һ飬һ壬ŷֻ֣δŷôڳһ𣬱ȻҪŷֵġ
ŷɫأҲû뵽Ȼǳһ塣
׷̣ΪֹȼԼĴԴشԷǧ޷һ壬Ǳģĺˡ
㹻£Ҫ֪ǵܱȼսʵĺôƽһֱչôʱ䣬ܵӣԵǿơ
ģ֮еЩ߽׻ߣҲѾ뿪ˣϱ֣û˭Ҫĵһһ֮УܹȼĴڡ׷̳֣ɫ΢΢Щء
ŷͷֻҪ߽׻߲֣ҲκˣߵһһС
ɫƽȴһִϡ
ŷһ죬Ѿߵ۷壬ڶ磬ʵԹŷ˵Ҳ쳣š
׷̵ͷӣ޻˵ʵ̫ˡ
ڵʵȻܹŷսߵˣһ˶սߣԲļޡ
ŷͷ˵ʦͷİɣ磬ǿƣһʶ۷壬ʱԴҪ͸硣
־Ҿͷ뿪ˡ׷̴Ц˵
ŷ粢⣬ܹܵ׷뿪˼硣
ûѯʣֻǶŰ׷̣ѻ˵ꡣ
УЩļһǧҪǿӲЩһһǰ⣬ڸգǲ£ΪǵȺѾˣûʲôǣңֻҪǣͲʲô⡣׷̶
֪ŷԸ񣬿ģ쳣ңһ۲ӣӣ棬кôҲлһЩǿߣ׳Կ
ʦİɣϼʦŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣ׷ЦˣаЦ˵ϼʦҲǲʣҪʦĻûܹܾ
׷˵ķǳ϶ùŷ綼е㲻˼ˡ
ͷһЦǲû˵
ˣѣǿˡ׷̿ڣС
һӳ֣Ŀ磬лڷпٵصľγ֣ƸʤƣԵ쳣¡
ȻһŮҲˣŹΣŷдһĨᡣ
ǲҪҲҪ뿪ŷɫһ͸ĸ֮䣬δ۶೤ʱ䣬ھз룬вᡣ
ŷ粻ΪԼʲô̩ɽ治ɫĴɷиĻֳ֡
磬Ѿûʲôսˣѵȥ۸һȺУҪǰȥǸսȥһЩˡΰ˵սתޱȣһ޵еսҪ
ǹΣȹŷ
ĸײһȥֻһŮӣʵûŷ翴˻ݺһۣЩ
ԼŮˣĺúõģǹΣȴԼŮ˸Լһȥðգùŷùе㲻Ρ
㶮ƨĸ׵ʵܹģҶҪĽ߾磬Ǹ߹ڿ»ڽڻʴأͷİɣĸײ֣ϱսʼ涼ԼҵСˣǻֱĨӣڵĵط˭˺裿ΰ졣
ڹţŷʵеˣ˵ͷͬεĹ۵㡣
ӣİɣĸûµģˣһ֮ҪԼӣһ̫ˡᵽ飬ݺЩ
ڻݺŷôŮˣȻֻһӣʵе㶪ˡҹѾˣʵζȤ
ŷ纹գʱ˵Щʲôֻܹĵͷ
߰ɡ׷̴Ц
磬뿪
ͬʱ֮УһЩܵرǿϢǸܵ׷̵ϢʧЩϢȻ𶯡
ǼһȥǸս𣿴ôΣһӮ
һ̾Ϣȴûֻ޾κͱ


1599 ݺһ
ŷȻ֪Щ׻ƣͬҲעž˵Ϣ
֮һǿ߻ͣȴûдģֻ֣ɳһЩǿߣɱ˵һЩŽ硣
һȺڻʵĴڣʵǿᣬԻߣǶܹСǺܱҵǣۡݺɱԷնǿߣһʣ۳֡
Ž磬ڲ
棬ʣޱȣ޾ĵѹԷѹȥ
ǵʵ棬˶Ϊǿߡ
۳׳ɳΪ죬ԷӲ·硣
ɫѿһǳը飬ޱ߹Ž綼𶯣ȴã޷ѹۡ

غ۾Ҫȫˣһסһֳĸо
۲˵һѵ۽ɱȥ
֣߳ת죬˼Ҳɱݻ磬໥ײ޾ͨȫû
գܾˣתߣ
ۻȾѪŲԣһһͷա
һɿµϢ֣ǹͲܴ꣬ʱ򱬷Ҫɱۡ

ŷָ鲻꣬תԼû۵ڡ
ܵ˺ܿתָѪ纣ޱȡ
ҺļʱȻĻˡһղűشʱѾ֪ԼҪ鷳ˣ϶֡ڴŷһʱϹܹԼ
ģڣʲô궼ûãȫ顣ŷ翪ڣϣ磬硣
۴ЦȻģҹŷһҽɣֻҪܹơ
ҳΪ߽׻֮󣬵ϣлʼĶɱңǵͷѪʦֵĻ϶ܸŷоһȻڴЩ塣
ŷĻ۶Щɵۣŷ񣬼ֱڿһǵһμţƵˣȻⶼ
ôңѵҵл𣿡ŷԼЩɻʵ
㡣
ɣ֪ߵᱻ˳ݵˡŷЦ˵
һ̣һڹŷƨ棬Ȼ˳ȥݺݵײһɽϡһɽȫ飬ŷǱ˳һָȻһ̤뿪
һŽ飬Ȼŷ۵ΪŪЩЦҲף˾Լǹŷǳ֣ƣǶˡ
һ飬ǿ˵ʲôӵ¡ԣнŷ۵ԼĴˣܶǰϲ磬Ǵʱȴڿʼʶ硣
Ѫͨ壬ͬ
⼸磬Ҳһǿߺһ壬ǿǰ󲿷ֶˣˣɱ
ȻеĹŽ磬סˣŽ磬Ǿ˵ǿߣصģǵʵȴ㣬ֱӱٵˡ
飬ȫɱСԹһƬѪɫ
龪ףԼǾ԰ȫģȻǿػǶҲ̫ǿˣվʧܵʱ
ͬʱ⼸طҲܵ׻ưأЩǿߣȫˡ
һʱ֮䣬֮УŹŷ֡
֪ܹԼˣ޾ľˣǹŷ硣
ֻǼ̵ʱ䣬ˣ㷢ת䡣һУǴֲɵǲ֪˵Щʲô
ŷ磬ֶΰӿЦ
Ѿ㵽˹ŷ뷨ͬŷ˵²õĽ˵ˣҪ׻ơ
ڵʵ̫ǿˣ¸ƣʵϾǲҪģֻҪǿг֣ҲֻЭɵ
ǲùŷԼãŷ绹ǱȽϾӵġʵǾûʵŷƣҲǲܳɹġ
Ҳˡ
ӵͷϴһĨΡ
ڸô죿ѵʧվԣѯʣüͷˡ
ҵǾã˺׻ƣϲҲãʵ߽׻߲ǸûӦһУ׻Ƴ֣ʵǵʵѾ¶ˡɵ˵ĺףǲùŷĻˣиΣա
Щߵ̫ûиʱ䣬֪ôģΪʲôһЩأɫЩŭ
ΪҪѪΪһ塣һһĸߴˣδ߽վȴͬһԿԽħɽһ㣬ϵ˼㡣


1600 ϲ
Ǻˣʵɫ
һǿߣȻֱӴǾ˵ܲľǵ˵Ļǿܻд鷳
ҴӶԷϣ˸ܵһѹǳԽһʵ
˺һƵۣΪԯԷڣԼ֡
ԯƵۣڳˣ¶𾪵ɫ
㡣
ǾЩšԯƵ۳֣ǵϣΪȻԯƵ۲Ҳȴһߵĸ߼ˣȻ뿪磬ڿʵее㲻һԯƵۻ磬ǵǰ
ǲ뱻̲ڡ
Ȼһ𾳽ܸߵĻʣҲ˵
˱һۣԯƵӢϣ¶һĨЦݣֻ̲ںϣѪһģ֮ԷֿΪϵųսȴȴˣ飬ΪֲսѪû̫ĺ֣뿪
ԭ򡣡һЩš
Ƕھݵĸ߽׻ߣЩ˽⣬ҪĽڲ٣ǲءԶԯƵ۵ĻǸͲš
һģһ˷ԣⶼνҼһƬսȥЩԵˣǸһ˵ԯƵ۵˵
Ļһ֮ǰȴһˣΪʲôѵҪ˳֣뵽¶䱸ɫ
ңǵıֻһϸľѪҲ˺ǵģ֮Уʵ̫ҲںˡԯƵ˵ɫЩ̾Ϣ
޾̫ǿߣˡ
ЩˣǳɳΪĴڣȴǰ䣬һ붼ϧ
ԯƵ۵Ļһ˾͵ԯƵ۳֣ǱذܣͲǶ֡
ֻһҪ򣬲ҪŷһͳݣȻⲻΪ˹ŷ磬Ϊ˵ģҿԱ֤йľٶŷ϶ʱδػ֡ԯƵ˵
ȻףŷɱϣԲˡ
ԯƵۺ˵Щֻǲƫ󱻹ŷնɱǾʵе̫òʧˡ
ͬԯƵԼ˵һںġ
ˡ
˶һۣʾԼˡ
ԯƵۿһۣת뿪
ǿߣȫһǲһһƨ˵ϣУʵԯƵǿߣеĵĸо
ÿµļһ̾
Ĵ˵ԯƵ۵ǳأܺϱ֮йϵȻ¡ӿЦ
˵ĲԯƵҵľ˾ˡŷ˽һۣЦ˵
˷㶣ﻹǾ˵ĺκһǿߣҪǶо
ǱŷѾΪ˾˵Ȼû˸
һЩ飬ùŷλã׵ʵˡ
Ǹղŵ̸㶼ˡӶŹŷ硣
ŷͷЦ˵ǺƣҲЩڣȴûа취üչ
򵥵Ľ˵˼˵ɫӡ
ŷ˵һ㶼Ǿһ·̣һ붼Щۡ
ɫÿ
ʵûбҪôᣬһһģαطֳң֪֮ʵƶȣƽȣһ죬Щ飬Ҳʺλ棬Ҳ˵һΣжˣܹһ㡣ŷЦ˵ɫɣһ㶼˵ѡ
ŷãνλãжôţƣĤݣֻһЦԼļˣס
˼ǣ۾һ
㹻ãΪ׻ƺ;˺һҾ͸ΪݣȻλãѡһ鶼Բ룬ԸĻԽλüҷǳӭŷ絭˵
˵ĿģĿЩȡ
ӲһҰģϲĤݵ龰ң£Ǻϲ˵ռݴ󲿷֣ʱֻҪһЩɼܹزĵģʱΪ˺׻ƺϲ֮ջʵ̫ˡ
ĿĿеҰģŷͷɷһԼȳ׷ҹŷı֤ǣûһġ
ãͬˡһӦ
ӺͳɵЦǶһۣԷеǣף飬̫ˡ


1601 
ͬ⣬ѾһˣȻҪͬ⣬ûô򵥡
ŷҲǣһۣǺúÿǣȻҲż˵꣬һ̤׷˳ȥ
䡣
֮Уһָл䣬Ϣ졣
ŷ֣ͬסһЦ˵ô˼ҵľ˾ˣ֣е˵ȥ˰ɡ
ԯƵ۳֣˹ŷһۣ˵ͷܲҵϣѾɳˡ
;˾ȣĻ̫Զŷҡͷ
ЦЦĿ˹ŷһۣԯƵû˵
ΪʲôԸ뿪Ƶʵ֪ԹŷʵӦ̤һƬսġһ죬ǹŷʵȴԶԶһ졣ԹŷʣǸطܹøĳɳ
ﻹкöҪϱɱģɱǳģȰڣټǰıˡŷϴһĨЦ⣬ֻĻУȴһЦⶼûС
Ƶ۳ԾȵĶŹŷ磬ʵ֪һЩʲô
²⵽һЩ֪Ƕ̫ˣǳڲĵˣö೤ʱ䣬Ǳܹ׻ԻʱʲôǿУǶˡŷ˵뷨
˵ף̫ˣȻڲЩ˿սҲʤնܾˣˡƵۿڣ̲סҡͷ
ŷ̲סЦϷ˵ҪһܹɨЩֵˣұǡ
Ƶ۴ʱҲˣǳױŷǸסˡ
ɨЩˣ˵ףʵ̫ˡ
ĿԴ
һۣԷеս⡣
ԯƵ뿪ŷҲһ̤뿪硣
ʱˡŷ翪ڡ
һ⣬һȺǿ߾ɱڣǿޱȣǧơ
ߡ
ŷ翪ڣһжʮˣֱ塣ŷ羹ȻҪֱӹϳһɣǧҪϳ鷳
𶯣˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿƣȻֱ鷳
𶯣һǿߣЦĲмǶãŷǼʯͷ
֮УԻ¶ȵɫȻû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ顣Ƕ֪ԷĵûоԵİգԲٽľٶ
ʵϣһһ֣ҲֻǱԵģֻ˭û뵽ŷңȻֱɱ˹ȥ
֮Уǿƣȫ˳ŭūͣǻӶҪǣǴŭ
ǵĲԶһʦͬǿƣսȣֲ졣
ŷפ㣬ǻкԶʱ򣬱ֹͣǰЦһڿһȺɵơ
ŷ磬ҪʲôƺԪ˳Źŷ磬ĿɭȻԼ游ɱͬеߣԹŷ磬ѾǺˡ
ŷͬ˳ЦЦ˵û³û뵽һӾߵˣӣǲǴȥ̣ǾͲˣȥɡ
˶ĿɿڴǣҲͬı֡ɻŹŷ磬ʲô˼
˶û˵ףŷоԼơ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ˵ϻҲҪƣ֮УǿƣҪңûôסƺԪĿȻ
ŷ絭һЦû˵
˶ɻ󣬲֪ŷ«ʲôҩ
ڴʱһ촫磬ڷ⣬ǻһ㣬ȼ
ˣ˶ɫ
ʲô飿еʿڴ󺰡
Ǹо磬ڱԴڿٵġ
ڼҽ磬ϽֹƺԪͬʱǸ硣
ͬʱһӰվ񷣬ǿޱȡ֪۵ǻʵ˫ַ⣬ʱĴͨ͵û磬ڼ塣
˶ƺԪŭŷ磬
ǸˣȻǹŷӡ
վԼǰĹŷ磬׹ŷĴˣȻǷжȥ硣
һȺ˶ֻ֣Ϊǿȫ÷ŷж
뿪ŷ翪ڡ
Ϊʲôһ㶡
Ϊһǿ϶ɱңһ壬϶Ϊҵı壬ʵϳֵˣҵı塣ŷ絭˵
ŷĻǶ˵תߡ
ͬʱڼǸĹŷ磬忪ʼͣҪԱһ
ƺԪɫһ䣬˹ŷһۣŭҲҪˣǵдػȫɱ˹ŷ˵
ֱӳ˻ͬʱߵЩǿߣҲӦȫŷɱȥ
ڼĹŷ籾壬Ϣʧ


1602 Ƿ
﷢սŷŭݺʵǿʩչͨܶǿߴ飬
һ壬ɫȻڹŷϣܵһɿµƣףΪƺԪһҪɱŷ磬Լ磬ˡ
һ߾ǿ߳ȫ֣ɱŷ硣
䡣
ŷֻ֣죬һʡ
ǸʾŭȻˣԪʩչ˳ȻˣҲǲһ㱻ɱ
˶Ȼŷ絽Ƕôǿһʶסһһ㱻ɱˡ
ɣɱһʹ졣ŷЦ֣ͣһֻ£ʮǿ߱ɱ
ⶼ֮еľӢսŻսǴʱȴƬ䣬ʮ˶סŷһ
ս֮£ȫ뿪ƺԪݣָʼ䶯
Щս֮µˣȫ뿪жʮ֣߳ȫǻһ죬ǽŷΧסɱȻ
ŷȴ⣬Ŀⶢסһǻߵˡ
һ꣬˫֣ʼգδ֡ӦŷĿ⣬һЦΪ졣
ʲôϵŷʵ
첻˵ֻɫȻվ
ɱƺԪһۣʵҲ֪ݣδȥֻһͨͨŷı֣ƺԪ֪Բ򵥡
ûʱ˽ЩֱӿڣЩǿ׼ɱŷ硣
ŷȴһʱˣɱһʣһĻߣƣǿ쳣
һгһѴ󹭣ŷһ
£棬ۣһɱ⣬ŷ¡
ŷ޾壬ֱӳ֣Ӳ⣬ȭͷ棬˸γһףײ
һ죬ŷ£ͻȻ˶С
ʱл߶һ޲Ĺܵһǿġ׵ǿߣʺΧ
ŷ֣ÿһһɱ޾ɱȫǱɫ
ȫ˳ȥ±׷ϡ
ŷЦֱӻһ磬ΧС
мĻߣֱӱˣɫѿǱ
ҲҪˣŷȻǾԲֵĶ֣һɱƺԪһɱУǲûκηɫŷ֡
һ̣ŷ籬죬ƺԪϡҽһһ㱻ɱɳȥԶ
ŷԿƺԪһصĹ˸һ£ɡ
䡣
һɱһǿߣ쳣ǿƣҪѹŷ硣
ŷüķ⣬罣ɳƿУȻɨ
ۡ
Ǹ߱ɱѪȾ׺ŷȴ⣬ȥͬ֡
һȺ߱ɫŷ׵ıɱһͬ飬һֿ־壬Ƕһۣһ֣ͨҪɱŷ硣
䡣
ŷ籬ʩչԼķȻ˹ȥ罣·һЩͨ
һȺǿ֣߳Ȼ߽׻ߣӲƴοǹŷ磬ܵ˴ˣһһѪ״̬Ǻܺá
ЩһϲףŷҲǲɿģҲˣпܱǻɱ
ǶһۣԷеɱ⡣
ͨͣĴҪĥŷ硣
ŷӶ罣ͣնһһԷ¡ηʹҲҪն˶Է
һߣŷɱߣŷˣش˼㡣
˶ɫǸܵŷ׺֣ôʱ䣬ûлɱŷ磬Էɱߡ
Щ޷󣬹ŷǽ߾֮󣬻жʱܹɨһĻߡ
Ȼߵ߾ĻߣҲ̬Щ𣬻Ҳ޵еˣܹѹƹŷɡ
ԡ
ʱһһͻȻɫѿֱҪһ
ôˣлѯʣͬʱŷ֣ѾˣŷֵȣԽԽСܴԭԽأϲʱнɫѪѾڿݽˡ
;ƿݵı֣ϲǵͬ麰Եʱжһ
ǻ޾£ȻףһЩʱʲô鶼пܷҲе㲻ˡ
Ƿ
ǸֲԵĻߴָŹŷѪȫһʧ˵ǴսˣͲǹŷı塣
ѪɢΪԣǹŷǿߣȻһѪ޾£ҲͬɺԣŶ೤ʱ䣬ЩѪʧˡ


1603 
ԣⲻǹŷı壬Ƿ
Щɫѿ˼㣬ɱ˰죬ȻֻǺͶԷһս
𣿡ŷЦе罣Ѿ˺üΣ֤ǷҲͨԿ޸ԽԽǿ
ʱ罣ˣɫ
ȻģЩҧгݣҪ˹ŷһ
Ǻɱ˰죬Ȼδɱ˶Էһһôͬ飬һǾһץĳ嶯
ɱ
ƺԪŭղŶں棬һֱûԹŷ磬Գ˵һʱ򣬲һ㱻ŷɱҲûκΣա
ȻһȺҲһŷ֡
Ϊʲô֣ŷ罫Ŀ졣
Ƿֵҳ֣Ҫ㱾һսȻһ壬㿴ͱһǿȴ֪վǲ籾ġ쿪ڣȻѾŷݣ֪һ
ĻһĻߣûκηӦǿߣŭĿӡŭ֪ŷǷȴ˵Ĵսʵ̫ˡ
ûǡ쵭˵
ŷһĨЦǿߣЦ˵˵ɣղǳ֣ǸͲúҴôʱ䣬Ѿɱˡ
ŷĻеĻߣǻȻ
ƺԪˣһһǿߣʵΪʲô
Ȼѣе㲻ˣһǿߣȻһֱ֣˫ǿߡ
Ǹ߿Цһۣ˵Ǹҹܲס
ӵˣܲס죬ƺԪʱˣ죬ʲôͷһ֮Уźܸߵĵλ
ȻĻǴӵǸˣƽʱΪǳǿƣʱȻҹܶԷȻǲġ
쿴һۣ˵ûбҪЩ
һ仰ʱĻߴŭһĻߣϰΪһͲ⡣
Сӣ̫ˡһ߿ڣָŭ
䡣
֣һĻϣʱҽһը飬Ԫ񶼱شˡ
˱ɫֵƣ˿ڹŷ磬ֲùŷ࿴˵ǳ֣Ѿɱˡ
ŷȴ˿⣬ܵĲ
ֵʱͬˣһֶϻǸߵϣʱҽһֱӱˡ
һ䣬ǲȫڹŷУ֣ŷ粻ô׻ɱһʡ
쵰
ʲô
ǿߴ𣬶ŭĿӣǷŭ˼㣬û뵽Լ˳֣һһ䡣
ȴûǣŹŷ磬˼
ʥͨǸ˲Ǽѵδüͷɫɻ
ŷû˵ʲôŷҲȥϴһĨЦȻ忪ʼ͡
սزѾˣֻԱܹ˺ˡ
֣޾ѹ䣬סŷԱ
ʱһȥ㣬㱾һսͬʱһЩ⡣쿪ڣ󣬵ȴϡ
䡣
ŷȫըû˵κˣһĨΣȴŷԱסˡ
Щľ񣬼ֱڿһŷķʹҪݽˣҲǼµģһԱǶδܹӵùȥ죬ȴֱѹסʵ̫ˣпڹŷ֮ϡ
ڴˣҪʲô꣬ڴˣĻָһۣ쿪ڣΪЩΨһһ顣˶мֻҪػǣʹвǰҲ˺ǡ
ԣ˶޸Լơ
͹ŷһսǴ˺صƣܶҪ׵һ塣
һ磬ҡͷˣҲһţѵĳΪһͷڹ𣿡
Ļ˵꣬û졣ҡҡͷ˵ֻػ
ŷһˣڻǰУҪҵĹ·
һ𣬹ŷоһܵһӴϢԼ
һڻеǿߣڷɢлתޱȣÿһͷ̺޾˲ҵ
еˣŷʵ
Ʒ壬һսƷ忪ڣĿƽڹŷϡ
ŷ翴ƷһۣԷΪ࣬һ죬ҲǼͻƣһϢȴǳ£Խŷκһ


1604 а
֮Уǿߣŷ綢ŶԷϢȻ
ܵԷʵһУҵƽɫӿŷȳ֡
ˣ
Ʒֱ֣ɨ

ײŷȭͷֱƷĻ棬ȥ¶صɫ
ƷҲԾŹŷ磬ƽ
ΪԼʵܹŷ磬ѣǸղһ֪ˣһУԲ졣
һܿµĶ֣뵽Ʒ֤
˫ֽӡɱ£ŷѹ䣬пµϢ񱩣Ȼŷ綼ܵ޴ѹ
䡣
ֻغȥƬ飬ŷȥӲƷ塣
һǿײȴȻ߶ҪҡĿȻŶԷɫжŵԾ
ˡƷ嶢Źŷ磬ɫȻ
Ҳһûܹ֮ͬ׺һսŷ羪̾ʵ飬ǿҲǱ塣
ʵϣ磬Žδܹһ͹ŷȼˣҲûм
ǶӣԷУһĨȡ
䡣
ŷ֣ɣԷ¡ͬʱƷҲ֣˫ӡµĻ⣬ŷɱȥ
׵罻֯ȫںһ𣬻һ³Ȼһ룬ɡ
ײȻȭཻǿײͬʱˡ
ŷͷŲĹԣ纣󣬿ޱߣƷ彻档Ǽս춯ġ
Ʒɫأͣس֣ӿ˼սȻˣҲ޷ѹƹŷ硣
гԾŷʵ
ŷ֣֮£Եúƽ˫ӡʱʩչ֣ͨԵЩɣ֮ͬУŷ޾κˣƷԼĶ֡
ڻдսԷ񣬶ս⣬ҪԷܡ
֡һƷһֱӱŷˣȻ˳ȥ
ŷҲ֣ͬͣתȥһĿ꣬Ѫɢڼϣһֿаĸо
ôˣƷɫǳ裬Ǽһ
꿴ƷһۣЦǺǵģ˵ĵһų֣аҪǲ֣̫ˡ
а֣ŷɫ΢΢ЩŹ֡
ŷɫаתмĿ˹ŷһۣҪΪһЩΪԼǵУҲȷǿһѡ
ŷ񣬺ǲмڿһԶԶԼˡ
ŷ΢΢üֱǿ٣
ŷԼаЦˣĶڹŷϣЦŲţʮ֮ڣұȻ򱬡
䡣
Ļ䣬һӴˣŷֱ֣ӴͨվڹȥڡδɱԷ
ۡ
аѪֱӱ飬Ԫܵ˿µشһ㱻ɱ
һ֮ڣɱǱӡŷĮ˵
аԶԶȥղŵĻ˵Ķ𣬵ȴһЦһ
Ʒһŷг𾪡ղǹŷһҲк³ᱻ򱬡
ͬʱ֣൱Լһֿµͨһ嶼Ҫ¡ŷ˹ȻԼ¶޷ȫܡ
Ҫһս𣿡ŷ綢Ʒ塣
Ʒһת뿪
ŷδ֣ղһУа򱬣ҲһһεĻԷ˷ŷδܹ
ͬ뿪±Ʒ˶ϡ
ƷʵٴһЩǿĻŷΣա
磬˴룬ҲкܶΪϵ͵ˣǴȴû̫صʧ
Ϊ֮дػʵϹŷҲ޷ڶʱ֮ڽݻ١
̽Ǹŷ𣿡Ʒ棬ƽĶƷ壬ʵ
ƷͷɫЩء
ɫףԲƷռϷ硣
аղųˡƷЦ
Ǽһһ֣ҲҪ֣һߣ˸ӿµļһǺǣЩһǳɳɱЩνĸ߽׻ҪµĶˡЩȵ˵ֻǴУȴûһ㵣ģ¡
ȻǸȦ棬ҲеٮٮߣԲġ
аղŷ綯һ֣ŷһ塣Ʒ˵
˻һϻһĨЦݵ죬ˡ
˵ŷаò⣬һ֮£аԲѰ
һʵҵˡ


1605 Ȧ
ɫǺܺÿΪŷǿ̤ȦӣҲޡ
ǴʱףŷʵȦУҲٮٮߡ
аǸԴļһȻʵǺǿҲŷܹһ򱬣Ƿǳġһ
аĳɷ֣ǹŷʵɣҪСģĸ֣һпܱܣҵȡƷɫء
쵭һЦĮֻУһĨ⡣
ŷعˣ˶һԯ߹ѯʹŷ״
û£·ܿµĶ֣ȫʵҡŷɫص˵
˻һ˶ȣУʵڹŷ磬ôܡ
һƷ壬һ죬ҽս£һаȻЩԴ󣬵ʵҲ˶٣졣ŷɫء
˳һ֮ͬУ͹ŷ棬ʵ̫ˡ
һ־ʿסŷһᱻɱ
Ѿŷǿսһ˻ɱʣűԱһֲֿı֣硣
ںܶϣûпԱȼŷˡǴˣȻˣܹ͹ŷͬһս¡
Ʒ壿ˣ˳Ծ
֮УȻһأ޷ĸɱݣʲôܹסȻԯ죬ɫأܵ޴ѹ
һˣһצ֮ʲôϵľҲһ죬ʵƷ塣ŷ뵽죬ɫЩص˵
˳Ծ˾Ȼһֱе̫˰ɡ
͹ŷ˾ǹΪţ֮ȣȻʧɫȻڳ˲٣еʱ䣬Լܹ׷϶Է
ģ⻹˻𣿡Щơ
߹ɫŹֵ˵ѵЩһ
ɫһʱĿתƹȥ
˵עеԼϣһ⣬˵һЩһȦӣǺٺͨǰֻ໥֮佻ÿһʱ䣬Ƕ֣͵λãЩ˳֣һλ͵֮ʱ䣬ѾҪˡ
ʲô˾ȡ
ǻδɻʣ㿪ʼ׼͵λãһʲôӵǣҲʵֲ̫˰ɡ
ܵǻɵЦǲҪɣǸȦ֮еļһȫŷںϻʵ͵۵δܹռƣδ֮еٮٮߣЩȫĻдߣԼǿޱȣԶԶԽͬʿ˵ɣѾָ˼ȫļ䣬֮ͬУ˵ʤһȺˡ
ĻˡҶףͷľˣּΪֲĴڣпܣϱǡˣΪܳ˽ܣǾ˵Լ֮ͬУδЩ˵Ķ֣ɴ˿ɼЩҲʵǿֲеˡ
ڹŷ˵ԼһˣǺ𺳡
ֹĻ۵Ļ۾˸żᶨɫ
ˣ죬ǻҪŬԯݺҲһء
һۣ˵Ҳ٣ʵǵʵѾǶ콾ˣЩˣѾķ룬ǹΪܳˣܹǸȦӣһԣ֮еǿߣǻ͵𡣡
͵ƺ˺Щ١
ܹ׷ǣʵ
Լܹ׷ϣ˵ʣôģҪɹҪͣĴĥԼĻȻֻһվһ죬ų۷Ĺâ˵ţһֻɫ
ɫһ˼
ֻǺε΢һʧ̬ԼоˣЦһװûгֹղŵı飬Цݡ
һǳװƵļһȻϿЩ渡źܶȥͲɣֻԼԸ
ڳˣѣȻҲȡ
ˣ˵ôˣҸȥȥɡһۣû˵
̲סۣȻ뿪
ŷûߣΪⱾĵطҲûߣŷ磬˵СӣҪСЩһˣǳ֣һսΪǿţ׵ġ
ŷһȻͷֱ֣Դһ۵ҽһ
쵰ϴ󡣡


1606 ˫
ƣԹŷΣһ֪ݣ֪Բһһˣǻϴ
ҪŷΣյֱԼ뷨
ڣŷѾĶˣȴұ֤ԺĹŷ粻Ķ֡ڹŷδĺǼ侪˵ġ
ԣֻܹһϴ
ţȥɡŷͷ
ƣŷһָȻ뿪
뿪ŷ̲סЦ˳ղҲڴ뵽һЩ˵£Ҫϴ֮䶼ѣûбҪô
ֻǶνȦӣŷˣһвսԼã൱һʹսˣҲ٣Ϊǿǿ֣ǹŷ絣˺顣
һܹ鷢ŷ뵽
ͬʱ֮飬Ҳ硣˶𺳣˭û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˴ֱʣ˿ŷһ˵ѡȺ𺳣ȻǵʣС
رŷһˣսôǿߣɱ˶ԷʣǸˡ֪ŷˣ˵𾪹Ž񣬵Уܹ͹ŷײˣȴûмˡ
ʵ;һ𣬿˵ŷѾΪΪµĴˡ
ʱ䣬ߵһŷԿԳƵǾˡ
˵飬ǼϿɹŷ磬ùŷﵽһ۷塣˸߾飬ŷ֮Գ֣Ϊ˾ȥЩ鸴úܶܣܵһǿƵı
ǿػǿƣǿ壬ǰԿ
֮У̸۹ŷ磬ûбͬϲ״֪֮Լŷ̫ˡ
ԹŷƣĽ˺׻ƺϲһᶼûУ뵽ɫò
ӺͳɵˣҲ̾Ϣ
׻Ƴһŷ磬һѹˣеŹŷ磬𺳣ͬʱһʧС
ǵʱĹȥˣڹŷ졣
ǹŷһᣬĻкܶҪ׻ƣϲǲԸһĻ޷ֹ
Ӵǰ߽˳üӣüüͷʵôˣ˭ˣ
ĻӿЦã̲ס˵磬˭ˣҪˡ
һ㶣Ȼû뵽ӻ˵Ļܿ췴Ӧν˵ҲνֻҪЩ黹ţֶӴŹŷˡ
˵ĺ⣬ʵϷոճأѾ߾磬ڵ飬Ͳ֪
ɫŹ֣ȫŷ
ʲôüͷߵӵǰ棬ֱһȥӵʵҲǿˣұȷǰ߾磬Ȼˣûж㿪һԴ棬۵Դһ㷭˰ιȥ
磬ɱ˰Ӳ˵
ûǽĿɵ˰֣˵ɵܵܣ׷ʲô飬˵
ĻɵЦͷ֮䣬ϵҲǳ׽ʵϳɵոս˵ʱ򣬱㱻չˣ֮ĸ
˵һ飬סˣû뵽龹Ȼչһ
ŷΪ˵ô顣еģ֣һ㶼κһԲһɵӣʶҪд鷳ˡ
ģ˻ܿգǲܳá
ңʶŷȻûǿˣȴøֶΣþԼ
ҪģֻҪˣˣͿ
ڹŷ˵ѡٵ飬ֱӺԣЦн磬ֲ׽磬ϻŹŷʵԽԽߣֻԽԽ󣬸ͲΡ
ˡ˰죬˵Ļ
Ļ˿Ц
ɫÿ˵ҾͲˣǲͬ⣬ŷñֶΣ֮һ
ǲȣǾ˵飬»ͶŷĻ˵
һ㶣ʱˡ
ڳɫ࣬ɫЩǶδ뵽龹ȻֵһΣ֪ΰ졣
ǣЭǲܵġ
ɵй뷨ӺͱˣǾԲͬģʹϲҲҪռλ


1607 ĸǿ
һһǹŷĽ˵ȫȥȻǷԣҲûа취ΣɵͻȻڣɫȻ
Сϲ˳ɵһۣЦ
ɵһЦ˵ͳѡһ̣һֻĨԴ棬ģСӲ
ɵЦã˷һۣͲں
ǴЭ飬˳ȻͬʱҲŬάþ˵ϡ
أΪߣһּ˵һϲ¡֮Уʵ̫ˣϣиĻ߼롣
Ϣȥܶ·𾪣ǰףء
ŷҲˣһһ磬˹ѲΣΰޱȣʱ򣬹ŷ繰֣Լ
ǱĶ׵ߵĴУһ˵Ǻö
ȻǷ̲סŷлһߵĳɵӣ¶ɫǾԼҪУȻ
˴߷Լ뷨
һۣҡͷǲҪ£ŷ֪ҵԸͳûصĴ㣬Ҫǿһͬ򡣡
̫ˡλߴϲ
ŷڽһλ棬ȾƳԲˣǺ⣬һ׵Уκ˵кܴĹЧѾ͸͸ֻҪӾ˵ʵ
˵ŷѾˣɺһĴˡ
ڵƣϲ̫Զ顣
ǿأǾеǿߣܶŷ磬ɫη
Ұǰףءһ𣬰Ұ֣ھǿУ˽һտտѩȻݸ˷
ö
ɫϳ˵еĻĺö
ǶЩ˵̲ĹЧԣ̲ס˵ѩǺöҪһ˷ãֱӷ˵ʵ硣
ҰһЦȻһ۹ŷ磬ŷ߹ȥ
𾪵Уŷ΢΢һҵһλ¡
𾪣ŷУ𺳡ǵ˶˹Ҳ̫ţ˰ɡ
֪ŷ˵ĻߵУаҰ
ҰȻǾһȴһͿ֪ԼǷ˹ŷһԲġ
ҲܱģŷʵҲ㹻ðҰء
ŷȻȴЦһΰҰ飬˵Ƿǳģٴӽ쿪ʼǿʢ
磬ǿ߹ˣҲ⽫һεԷΪߵ飬Ѿȫȥ
ܶףأͬʱĴžˡ֪֮Ϊǿ֮һھ˵ʵǶǷǳġ
գбͶ룬֣ƣǿޱȣһǿĻѹ
ȻǰҰĻһеǿߣʱҲ̲סɫܵϵѹȻ֮ϡ
ڳҲĻʣǴʱҲɫء
лλǰмڣȻ˹ŷһۣ΢΢ͷ
ŷͷ¶һĨЦݡ
ڷͻƣǷǳ˵ģϾǷĸףһˡٲǲ
ʵӣ˵ֻкô
ӦͣܶСһĹŽ磬ɫηֺõɫ˵˾һȻܹȵġ
һʢ磬ףߵĵ
һʢ粢ûг󣬱㱻˴㡣
Ǻˣһװúܶ˻һ𡣲ʿ¶𾪵ɫھ˵ĸأȻҪҾ½Ļߵ鷳Ǹûн˷С
ʲô˸߳ɣһһǿƣֱӳ˸졣
䡣
һ죬˻ԡѪɫѿ
˻Ȼû뵽һСʳƺǿߣȻ׵ıˡ
ŷоһû˵ǶǸ˼
һ˳ȥеǸ˵ηѽ٣
һʣ˼㾳ȽȶӦòνķֻҷҲҵĶ֡һȺ˳֣˵ĶͷǸ꣬ɫȻӣȻһָӵ̬ȡ
Ǻˣӳʵһˣһֿµѹľ
㻹ûʸң÷һսǸ˵죬˵Ļһ㽫


1608 
ӵɫЦ̫ˣȻʵǿ󣬵ұϾһʣҲֲǺӡ
ǸЦڷ磬ӵܿ˵ϲһ
˻ȻƺһΪϲģҪţ޷˶ĿӣҪʲôӦ
ӲûбеȻŭƽˣȻŶԷ㵽ʲôˣ
ҪŪԷΪЩʵ̫ǿˣһʣɲʲô˶ܹģҲʲô˶ġ
ΪҵϣǰѰҶ֡꿪ڣ˵Լ
˻ȻǿƵһˣȻֻһ˵ˣɫŹ֣ԴһߣԷըˡ
бŭŭ㲻һūͣȻҲ˿ֱ
ŭˣڵ֪Է֮гɱ⡣
һūͿϣ˵ʵ̫ˡӶ˵
ɱ⣬ҪնɱԷ
ϲġ
Цֱһֹֻȥ
ӱɫܵһֿµԷȻֻһֻ£ȴ棬չ˹һ
֣ͬʵϢѪ磬һ嫣վ˹ȥ
䡣
رɫײһȫˣֻɫǳɣһĨмЦݣӣһĨζ
˶ˣʵȻֻһ˵ūͣҪ֪һǻһʰ
Ϊڳ˶ܹ죬ʵ淥ߣ֮УĴڣΪµˡ
뵽ˣľ

һЦɫɣȴǺݺݵĶҪɱһ
һСȺѹƣ˵޹ء
ɱ
ŭһӼ֡
ЦֱӼսһ˴ײǿԵĿ·磬ʮУУ飬ֻԪ˳ȥ
ԶգɫӣʱԼˣͲǶԷĶ֡
ֲøղŶԷʵ
һսӮкһսʸ񡣡˵ھ˵Ͽ˶гء
⵽ʲôӵܹ׷ߡ
ɫأ˳˵ǸȦӵˣ
ЩȵĿ˷һۣͷһˣǶǸȦˣȻֻ׷ߣ˲ǸȦеǿߡ
һЦ˵ǿߣԷİɣǸȦ֮У󣬾ûνǿߣҰ˭Ҳ˵Լ޵У̫Դˡ
ҵܹ۵ġɫһǳ⡣
ƲƲ죬˵ҲǸȦӵˣûбҪʲôη֮ģҲңǸȦȻյʤߣȴǸȦӵˣ磬ǿߣǸȦӵǿ
֪ĲٰҲӦ֪ȦˣԶռȨƵġЦ˵
Σʡ
һЦûлشĻְֻ֣ɣһս
Ҿܾԥ
˻Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽һ߾Ȼܾ˵սֻ뵽ղӶ֮Ȼ
ܶʿãӳɻʵʱ̣ʵ벻ӡӸղŶˣŲԸ֣ΪҲԼսܡ
Ǻǣңʵ¶һĨЦݣŷ
ɫƽһۣЦǲңֻǲ룬Ҳ߹ؿбҪϸҪ˵֣Ҫս˹ȻĻ͸ҹ
Ļ˵ĺܰףǲҺͶԷһսҪֱӶսˡúһսǶԼݡ
߹֣ЦˣЦĺ䣬ŷҲֻ߹һս㲻ԸսҲܼ򵥣ˣ硣
ǳ˶𾪡
ˣҪˣʿȫȻǾã⼸˶˵󻰡
ˣˣһߣȻЦ˵Ļ÷ǻһ¶𾪵ɫǲףԷ֪һġ
ʲôʿȫˣǾԼǲˣĻԷô˵ˣֻء


1609 
ѿɫͻȻʶϢҲġ
ʱһЩʿ˻ߵ񣬾ͲôĹġеĹŽ磬Ȼ߲࣬ҲһȻôǿ󣬵Ҳ࣬ǾãԼȫûбҪٶԾʲôη֮ġ
磬ôǿΪһǿ仯˵̬Ⱦͻԡ
Ǹоһ㣬ʱЩʱЩ˸񣬶žˡ
ֻһжһˣʣ֧ŲһС
Ұ¶Ȼɫһֻʺ͹ŷһټһΪǾʤȯˣԲŻı֣ڿǱŷǿˣûлˡ
˶ɻ󣬵ǰҰȴ϶ˡ
һˣ߳Ĭԭ˸߽׻뿪Ѿûˡ
ֲأ˵һε飬ôͳʣԭֻʣľˣѾȻˣܳȻˡ
ˮתһҪ˵Ҫô
Ҳ˴ЦԵúʹ졣
ܶ⣬Ǻܶȴ⣬Щ˺;֮䣬ٶЩĦǺܶʱΪˣǲЩоûк⣬ʱ˳£Ȼˡ
ɫ࣬ʱһǽƵĸо
ۡ
ڴʱһֻȥֱӱЩЦˣлһ죬Ҳֻǲҽһ㱻ɱ
˶ȻȻһ
ŷվһۣ˵
޴ſµˡȫ˺öಽѪ
𾪣ʶһ⣬ûˣ׻ƵĹŷ磬ȴǿƵפˣΪ˵׻ǿƣǿƣŷҲһʵ˭Ҳ˵жǴҶ֪ڸ߽׻뿪磬ŷ˵޵ˡ
˺ȻǶŹŷ磬𾪡
Ǻˣʵ
ɫηȴδһʱ뿪Ϊùŷǿ󣬵Ҳ׽ɱңԹŷݣǳ档
ݹŷ磬ղ˵ҪѪϴһ磬ԼǸ𣿡ŷʵ
ŷĻĬȻʱȻ˵Լܹ̤ƽһ磬ŷ̫ˣףҲֻԼĸ֣ܹѹƹŷ硣
׻ƹŷ磬аǸˣҼסˡͷ˵ŷսնɱٻһ죬ʲôǸȦĴڣǲ
аˣʵҲ൱ŷһлܣϢǸȦӵʱˡ
ԺʲôĻҪ˵飬ֻʣ׻ƣͬǾһȴۣ߰ǻߣǿɱʵˡŷ绰ϣ˵
Ļһ˵һЩ˼ˣʱϨԼ˼ʶ˼ʹ˵ҲǿˣҲֻм磬ܹСʱľ
ң׻ǿƣٲȻѾһȻ׻ƵʵԲڰǿ塣
ڹŷ罫׻ƺ;ˣ˵һ壬˱ȻǸɴ߶Ȼ
ǿˡŷ翴һۡ
뿪ǳɣףȻһ֣ҲδǹŷĶ֣ǵʵҲսʤŷ硣
ɫˣŷͷ
ӣɫЩӣΪãһ󣬿˵ϣ᳹ʧֻʣˡ޷ػԼ񣬹ŷڹؼʱվˣܹΪΪʶı۰
ŷ޽ʿ𣬳˼
ˣͨĴģȻ֮ǰԹŷٲˣھһ֮ѾϿɹŷ磬Ͽ˹ŷΪԼ顣
ŷû˵Լλá
ǣȴûнǿң𾪡
ҰǶӵŹŷ磬һԤУѪҪһͳˣڹŷС˵ⲻһϢ
һΪЩңΪϵ»ڻԻ
֮еսѪӢûһ׿û˷Уһǳɱ顣
ˣ뿪ǽһƬŽ硣ụ̂Ҳ飬ֻһɽռ֮
һӰ˻֮۾


1610 
ΣǸ˿ڣ¡¡֮䣬д֣һ⣬Ǹ˵ϡ
̫ˣǸ˵ϣпµ䣬𶯹Ž
ڵϣͣߵݡ
ڣǸ˵δܶǿ֣߳һսǰ磬ˣһǿߣŷ磬һ֮±ǡ
аǸˣɽ۵Ǹ˿ڣʲô
ǡ
˵
֪ˡ
Ǹ˿ڣ֪ʲô뷨ֻﲻ
ҵȻҪȥսǿ𣿡Сĵѯʡ
һۣǸ˵ǳˣź죬ǰȥսǸŷ磬ͷúʰ
죬ɻǴ֪ԼߣȻһĴڡ
һӰǵǰɫսףʮ˱սµѹϱ˱ɫ
Ǻ졣òӢȴһ鶼ûУĿڣδһۡ
лǵһۺ죬ɫˬ
ͬһˣս֮ú֣˵ǵʵ죬Ȼˡ
磬ǲçײֻǵͷȻ˳硣
ˣ磬˵ȥǿߡ
죬ͬΪ˵ūͣƾʲô˵һź졣
ҲһǺһС壬Ȼɱ۸ǡǿ첻֪ʲôʱֵģֱһȻܲˬˣǰٹ⡣
ȻǿߣѾǸ˳շǾãԼӿأһϵҫ
ϲġɨһۣ˵
Ǵŭɫ
ƾ㣬ʲôʸΪϲģձȻֳһ¡˵Ҫ֪Ȼ׷ϣվҲţĸԼӺȦЩǿߣǱԾԼǿߣƽʱǳƺΪϲģʲôʱ˳ƺ
ɫת֡
ҪҶ֣ɨһۣ˵
ɫм˷С
û˵ȴ˶Ҫж֪ԼԲǷϲģҲܹмġ
ˣ
һ޾ۣһɱֱ
һ䣬ʮ˱սգȫɨ˳ȥ
ʱɱ飬ɳȥʮ˱սȫüģֻҪһܹɱһ
˶Ծ˭Ҳû뵽ǿͬȻסһ
ںһӰˣҪϮɱ졣
תָ޾ƣǳһ㷱࣬ѹ˹ȥ
Ǹ˳Ծܣ졣
һжͽͣǿԶԶԽһ£Ǹֱӱ飬ԪԶԶ˳ȥ
ŭֳԼǿ࣬Ȼһͷһ棬ʩչΪǿͨҪ졣

𣬻һʣ磬һУȻ˴ͨ
˺ȻһʲôȻܡһ̣컯Σ³ͨˡ
ԼͨеֲǱɣѡ
Ĵǿ֣߳սһˣ˲ȫܡףΪʲôӵʵ
ߣһξǣһΣҪĺ쿪ڣȻޱ飬ջսףһ
Ĵǿг˸ӣףԼȫ˻ˣǶ֡
ڣȫ䡣Ľ棬ǲǺĶ֣ûʲô˵ġ
Ǵ·ڡ
ǵ΢ºһ㡣
𶯣ˣս·ǿߣ֣սܣܶν콾ȻסһУǿ߶֡
󣬺ǶôҾ˵ǴԼѰܹһսǿߡ
һЩսܣǶ֡
֮Уŷ˻㱨Ǻ⡣
ǸȦеˣδսҪԼǲܵġһ죬ǶԷūͣͲС
֮УܹסˣҲֻˡŷһȻԵõӣҡҡͷ˵
ЩľʵǺȣҲֻǿһ㣬ǸսҲ벻Ƕ֡
ȻŷһģúǺԼһĴڣȻΪԷܹԼ
Ϊﵽ˹ŷ磬ԼսһʶȻӦеǺš


1611 Ұħս
ʵϣԻһζŵߣϰǵʵиµĴڣվԿŷ絭˵
ǵһε飬ۻع飬ǿƣǸʱϰ֣һ쳣ˡ
ҲĿԴɣҿһʱ֮䣬ǵ鷳˵꣬뿪
ŷԴԴϵؾûڣԼ
ŷľƣѾﵽһ۷壬ͻƵڶ㡣
ں֮²һ·ɨǿޱȣܶǿ߶شܵ˼˺
սܣһһɱǿ߿һ磬ǿޱȣҪٻһ㡣
һ̣ҫ۵Ľʮѹ䣬Ȼɢ
ܣӶݡһսܣ˶𾪣з
һЩ̫ŵǿߣһЩģѾʼˡȻˣ˱ҳȻܣ˴
Ϣиǿߴ
ܶȻʵϺδɱˣǺɱȴҲˣЩǿߣԷᱻϣʮ
ҲǺܶǿߣԸͺһսԭȻʤˣҲҪˣʱ꣬벻Ƕ֡
ɨ죬޵֮ƣʿУ̤Ͻ硣
ذħǰһս𣬴ħ֡
ʱϽ𶯣ҪսذħҪ֪һʢǿǺˣβסħϹâȻδ֣һƣ졣
رǽЩ꣬ɾ˻ߣ˾η˲²⣬ħЩһֱ磬ǲͻƣֻڻҪԼ¸ۺĻʱΪߣ
ԣذħǸͲɵġ
Ҫսذħû˾ܹɹ˶úԲذħĶ֣һҶС
ʵϣذħδӦȴˡ
ڤҰħͬʱϵĿ䣬ںϡ
Ҫսʦڤʵ
Ұħʹ죬ֱһȭ˳ȥ
ǿͬ죬ͻȻɫܵһֿµѹ
ԥ챬ʮ˱սգֱɨ˹ȥսգǿޱȣҪɱҰħ

ҰħֱȭͷӲԷս쳤ХϹħʣǿħбǵأضҪûˡǿµһĻǼ˶ˡ
֪˾Կ졣
սڣ˶֡ذħذħһӣҰħֱӳ֣ս졣
Ͻǿ߸ܵĶ˹龰ʱȫĿɿڴǻ
֮УܹԷˣɨ磬֮ɫ䣬Ǵʱĳһ֣к졣
ƾķϲģսʦսʦֵ˵ɡڤһ˵ɫ¶һĨɫ
ֻӴذħˣ֪Ǻεǿ󣬱˵Ǻ죬˳֣ذħҲ塣
ϹŵһħųħĴڣǵС
ʱҰħ֣죬˼սúĺܼѡ
ڤĻĿڤ˵սҰħȥ㣬Ȼսʦ𡣡
ܿȴһֱʤġ
ҰħĬƽޱȣֻǳָˡ
ǿħأ˼Ҳɱǽ棬޾ضڲһſŴը飬ʧǳܲסǵϡ
Ͻܶǿ߸ۿһսľܵһǿѹ
ܶ˾ãԼսУ»˲䱻Ρ˵ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ʮ˵սգն𣬺ɫս׶ڷ⣬޾ķתԵ÷ǳء
˼սҪҰħ
ΪҪսذħģȴԷӵסսһ¡ŭһѿĸо
Ұħɫ䣬Ȼ糣ֻǳֵȴ
캧Ȼķ֣Ұħһ޵׶һԼʵ٣ܹ٣ԲԼ
˼սҰħǺɣ޷
жʵʩչɡҰħ˵
˻һ˶һѵսڣҰħδʩչǿʵڤ̲סЦıߣҰħ̬ǰȴһУô֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽˡ
ʱҰħʵ״ﵽʲô̶ȣڤǿһȺˣҲֻйŷ磬ܹѹҰħˡ


1612 նɱ
Ҳɫѿսڣ־Ȼδʹóȫľ
ܡдȻӷı
ʮ˵⣬ʮͷɨ
˶־̫ˡʮͷգɨ綼ڲҪһ
һ죬ܵ޴ѹԼ϶Ƕ֡
ҰħЦҲˣ˻һµ棬ֱӶסʮ˵սҰħ˺ȻУʮ˵սȻʼѣȻıˡ
ʲô
𾪣һʲôֶΣʮ˵սޱȣܹһУҰħ棬ȴ飬ֱ޷
Ѫıһ𣬶źܴӰ졣ɫԹҰħҪɱһ
Ұħɲ˵ֻ˫ֽӡȻҪɱԷ
޾ħ˸֮ħ꣬ȫҰħӡУӡУɢµĲ
һħ⣬Ұħȥ޾ħ˻صбġ
ɫһ
ʱ컯һʵĺħ˽ȥ
¶ɫǺĿֻͨڶԸǵʱʹùԷͨΪԼá
ҰħһеԽ󣬵ʱԼԽ鷳ֻȴûпҰħϵһĨ̡
ҵͨÿ𣿱ҰħЦ˫ֽӡһ

һ˻ҽУĺͣķҪһͨ³ѾˣһħⱬһըĲҽУȻֹʧ
ˣܹо
Ұħг˾ηնɱ޵еĺ죬ҰħҲֲ̫ˡ
ɫѿǶҰħȴûг֣֡򲻹죬ҰħĶ֡Ա߻һڤһѹǵĸ֡
ȥˣҪսҵȷ㣬ǲҪųʲô粻ðĻҵɱ⡣Ұħڣľ档
ɫÿҪǳҰħǾãҰħȻ˺죬Ǻ첻˵һ°ܽѣûʸвԼˡ
ҰħǱǷ뷨ǾãûǲҪɷǵıȽϺá
Ļһڡ
ԹˡҰħ˵
ɫ࣬ȴ˵ʲôһ飬޹⣬˵ʲô
ǿҰħŷ磬Ҳ٣ǿ϶Ƕֵġ
˻ɱ죬һʵ
뿪صǸŽ硣ʱɽ۵һӰѾվ
һȫû뵽ᷢ飬ǸϽΰݣǸߵס
أǸ˿ڣĮȻһĨʡ
Ƕͷð˶һۣڣ˵˻ɱˡ
˭
ҰħϽһħذħĵӡϽصѾܹԼϡܵһŭжʱЩ
ôĵӣɱҵʹӡϿڣ𶯲񷣬ɱȻֱָϽ硣
Ͻ֮Уذħܵɱ⣬оһֻǵһЦ⡣
Ұħڤվذħǰ棬ҰħһҪɱң
ܹܵɱԿв
΢΢ͷذħ˵ˣǸȦӵˣʵסҡ
ȿȡ
ڤһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסЩ˼飬оԼǲˡԷȻذħˣҪɱʵе̫Դˡ
ذħųħ棬ô򵥵ģ޾δذħܹΪ֮ȻǹĽˣǣذħơҪ֪һĻߣû٣ֻа׷̺ذħһܹùγһѡ
ذħʵԵɲ⣬Ұħڤһֱڣδоذħжǿ
Ҫ⣬ǸȦеˣǹŽΪǿĴڣһʶʸǺ죬ǿǸȦӣȴһлܣΪʹӣܹܺ죬ǲʲôٹ⣬ϣܹѹǸȦеˣɾħʡЩذħҰħ˵ġ
ڤЩƣòԼе㲻ˡ
뵽ԼҰħ֮Ĳ࣬Ҳ֪˵Щʲôˣô˵ȷʵҰħ
ǿڤ뷨ذħ˵Լ·ȥҰħδҴܹõȴûпɻʵʱ׷ЩǿߵʱǧҪĺʹ⡣
ڤ۾һذħ˼ݺݵص˵ͷ


1613 ΢·
̸۵ʱһµӰֱӽϽ硣
Ͻ޾ǿߺȻǶһۣԷеľţһǿˣ֪˭ƣԲһĻһܹȡ
ɱȻվھ֮ϣϽ磬µϢɢһЩǱ꼰ըǿС
һֿµľ˺Ȼо֡
ͬվͬͷųµϢء
ʱܶ˵ݣеӡֻôǿûģ¿һЩ߽׻˰ɡ
һ졣
ܶ˿ľʱ̲סһǺȻֱԼġ
һһ죬ƣһЩ߶ܶ˸оԼ۶߸ˣôˣȻ߳ôı̬
һӰӭҰħ֣ͬǿƣħ죬ŶԷɫдһĨء
˵ʵǿ󣬸һֿµѹ
ɱ˺죿ǸʵĿڣг޾ϡǷϣǵ̸һһ覴öûУκŮ񿴼ġ
˺ܶӢ䣬ҰħڣһԥûС鱾ģûбҪ͡
Ҳˡ
Ͽڣ䣬һֻҰħĨɱȥɱȻ
䡣
Ұħ֣ħ죬ڸ磬ԷײɫħͽɫʥײҰħ˼
ûˣȴ·硣
Ұħ⣬ͺ콻֣ӺʵУܹܵӵʵѹԵƣֱѹ죬úΪʹӡ
䡣
ٴγ֣ҰħˣǲǱѹȻз
ʵҵĶ֡ϿڣЩ⣬ҲЩȻĶ֣˵Ұħֻܹ˵Ұħкֵʸ
Ұħͷڷ趯û˵һ˫ȴͬ쵶һɨ˱ɫ
һԲ˫ֽӡɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱǸҲڣݺ죬һֻѹ䣬ʥо˵Ĵ֣ǿѹһС
ħʥⱬҰħ˳ȥһȻٴγ˹ȥ
ȻʵǲҵĶ֣նɱ㡣ϿڣɱȻ
ҰħʩչԼͨɱԷ
䡣
ʥԻȫȥĿ飬ϳ֣Щ£ҪɱҰħ
ֹ˶
ҰħͻȻڣ硣
Ǹ𾪵УҰħӡٻħȫŻصܣָ£ʥɱȥ
֮ըֲܺɨʮ
ҰħˣԡѪվԷ·磬һ˺ƶ˵ʲô

ЦҰħֻϵɱ⣬ӿˡ
ҰħȻ治ɫ˵ҲĶ֡˵ķǳɣҲûʧܺʧ䡣
ʵϣͶԷսһѾǼ侪ˡҪ֪ɨ죬޵֮ƣҲֻ˵ū͡ɴ˿ɼж
Ҳɱ㡣϶Ұħ
ҰħͷûһԥģҪɱҲеסǰˣûѹԵơ
ƾʵ֮Уܹѹˣ̫߹ԼˡҰħ˵ƽ˵ĻȴЦ
һūͣԺɨˣȴ˵Ļֱ˺Цô˵Ҫˡ˵
Ұħ񣬳ɱ⣬Ҫɱ
죬㹻ˡһ𣬴ӲԶһˣڣͬϹʥʸ
¬ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ͽڡ
죬֮Уûʲôʶ¬һȻǱ½˽ܣȴܹӴǸȦˡ
ңʥδԣ֣ΪܹȻСı޷ˣʱɱ֮¬Ц˵ЩģڶĶУȴһľĸо
ɱ֮֮ǿߣ˭˸˵ɱʱӦǽ޵еĲŶԡ
¬Ļȴò
Ǻˣ¡ʱͻȻһǳ¬
ۡ
һ̣һֻѹȥֱӽķɳȥ
¬Լ֣Ķ˵˵СӲʲô죬׷߲á
ɫ࣬ŭ̫ˡ


1614 
棬ķ׷ߣǲӣ˵ǳĴ
¬⣬Ц˵ѵ˲ã̫£ǵһ±ȽϺá
ߣòġŭ
˻ңĹȫѣһ˫۾籡ŭ𣬶¬ϡ
ˣСӲҪҸղʵΪãҪллҡ¬һۡ
ɱ㡣޷ܣҪ¬֡
һֹסˣ˵¬뿪ˣҪϻ
㻹Ҫɱ¬ɫŹָָ֣Ұħ

쿪ڣɱȻɱһʹӣ˵ķǳᶨһ㶼ҡ
ǸʹҲˣ̫ںһƬ֮УһʿڽԷãҪĻһˣõűɱӦøмҰħҪɱŶԡ¬һ㶼Æ£˵
ķϻ˵𣿡ȡ
¬΢΢üͷɫͻȻָŶıŭȰ죬㻹ʶ̧٣Ҫɱǰɣ㣬Ұħ֣ɵһװƻ
Ұħͷû⡣
վһ𣬾ȻҪ֣öɫѿ¬ŭҪң
Ϊ˭Ըӣǿ㣬ΪԼǻתˣҵҪôɱ¬ǿƣֱָ졣
վ˹ͷųԼΪǿơ
ڤϴЦݣŶǣǹԵ÷ǳ¡һǿߣɫ䲻ÿ֪ĴĻԼҪԿûԮ֣Ұħ󣬻ذħδ֣뵽ԥˡ
֪ذܵ£Ҫ֣ٸԼҲʹ죬Լûô޴
뵽һ뿪
һߣ¬һ˲ԴϵĺˮһڷӣʱڤЩɻ󣬲ֻһѣҰħܹ֮սһ¬ǾܹѹƶԷɱԷ
ǿ˵˼¬ЦǸȦеˣûеô򵥣ǴˣǼµģȻӵʤ㣬δܹʤǸȦеˣΪóģǴ漣
㲻Ķ֣ҰħͻȻʵ
һ㣬ڸһ죬һˣҲǶ֣ҲǶ֣磬ܹ֮˲࣬Ҫѹˣϡ١¬˵ڴҲûʲôʾͿ͹۵һЩ
Ұħˣ¬ĻУһ˼Ǿ֮еǿߣܹͶ۵ˡ
뵽˹ŷ磬Ǽһ֣ܹѹɡ
ˣҸˣʡıǼһﶢϣǳ鷳ҲҪСģһȻʵǿ۲󣬶֮УǸȦԽԽ࣬ߵʱΣգ̡̾¬һȻҪ뿪
㵽ʲôˣڤ̲סʵ
¬أڱ½˽֮УΪɲ⣬֣ŷ硣һˣǳأŷ²⣬Լ⹫Ƿйϵ
Ҿ¬¬Це˵Ȼһʧ
װƵļһڤֹһȻҰħһۣ˵û뵽Ǳеʵˣƽʱ㶼ҵģʵûУ
ڤһۣҰħӲǼһЦݣƽʱֻǵ˺𡣡
Ȼ˺ˡҰħһָڤƵ˵
һʦ̵ģ֮ǰʵģȴĲ࣬Ȼˬˡ
Ұħҡͷû˵
ˣҺȾȥһβԲȥڤƵ˵
ҰħЦΪҪڿЦ
ʱҰħҲǿˣڤȷʵеˣַʽйеƣһð취뵽˵ͷ˵ߣ͡
˹뿪
֮УŷϢ¶һĨЦݡ
֪֮УܹǸȦӵˣ棬ȱǿߣҰħס˶죬ɱ˺죬¬ĳ֣еŷϣ˺أӦ⹫һϵˣֻǹŷһε󣬾Ҳδˡ
ĬĬ㣬Ҫҵ¬ڵĵطֻǺܳʱȥˣŷεҡͷǼһﲻ֪ʲôֶΣԼʵ޷ҵԷ


1615 
ȻҲ¬ŷ粢ǿ󣬶ԷҪĻ϶ֻҪ϶¬ǵ˾Ϳˡ
ŷԼ
һָоú󣬾ͻ鷳˵ģЩνȦеǿߣͷ۵ˡ
ŷ磬ˡһ𣬽ŷгѡ
ǰɫѿ
ʲô飿ŷʵ֪ܹ÷ɫ飬Сˣǳʲô鷳ˡ
һ类ɣֵ˲֪˭ŲϢǴδܹϢ˵ɫЩء
Ļŷһһ飬ӵĶϱۣɱ
ǸϱۣҪľ
ڣһ类ɣŷֻǱܵı뵽Ǹϱۡѵ˹ˣ飬ָԼԪ
ûֿܣŷս˵ǹȥ
һǰǸ硣һ磬вפǴʱȥȫֻһƬ硣
ϡܹо޾Թɢ
ŷ۾ܣһ̣˫ɫ
Ȼǡŷ˵
˭ʵ
̼һ磬ֶΣȻδܹӵСҪ֪˵磬Ͷǽڻʼģ޾ĺʹػȻҪҲҪһЩֶκʱ䡣
ôʱ䣬˲ˡ
ŷֵ֪ʲôڣȻҪ
һƬ죬һƬأԼ˵Ҫǡŷɫ䣬Ŀڣ֪϶֪һЩʲô
Ȼֱӱɫ𾪵˵ǡ
ȻѾ֪˳˵ݡ
ŷͷĿɭȻɨΧ˵һϱ۽֣Գӣ˵һսʵǿߣʱҺֲŻٵǸϱۣҲ֪ǸĴڡ
ǵУֹˣѵսгʲô⣬ȻĻܹͨУ
ǸطһƬصս磬߽׵Ļߺ͵ۣȥˣȻǸҲڶʱ֮ڴơȴǸˣݲ÷𾪡
ŷȴҡͷҲһεҪҵ
ңʵЩ⣬ǿߣһǺҵġ
Ϊһŷ˵Ȼ
ȻףȴվڹŷߣעܵĶжŵŷ硣
һ̣ȴЦŷ֣ԼͲõġŷϱƴĲɳȥ
ȻǸطֵ֣֯µڣһĻУҪѹ
һֲֿĶ硣
ܶǿ߲Ŀ
Ž֮У˹¶Ȼɫ˭ôŪôĶܵһ־޴ѹһС
˹ȥȻ¶Ȼɫ
ڽ֯ĵ֮УǸܵϤϢ
ŷ磬ǹŷ硣
쵹һŷ磬ǸһһļһȻľ˱֣ɫأŹŷķɫг˳ء
˭һǿߣһС
̫Ȼ죬ϲˣʱҲףһսĻҪܣǹŷĶ֡
ŷ磬ҪʲôԻ
Եü˵ʲôˣ֪ʲôڣȻùŷ綯ǿֶΣҪҵˣͬѰ
һ类ҳˣֻǿڵƣѾҵܹȵˡԻҡͷɫЩ̾Ϣ
ŷʵʵ̫ǿˣŷ棬Ǵʱȴһִܸо
Եȴû˵ޣŹŷķ򣬲Իһܡ
Ұ֮Уп׷ƽŷˣҲֻˡԻ̾ϢѾʧȥ׷Ϲŷģȣܶ˶ġ
ԻʲԼҲʹ죬ֱӷ
˰ԻһۣҰ̲סҡͷ˵ûǿˣڲδԺǶһˣ˭˵ʲôӵĻǰ̣úҪЩ飬Ȼ۷壬ʱ˭˭ţһ𣬱ͨˣһ·ɾͻ𾳽磬ÿʱ򣬶ǿߣһ·ǰУ˸񣬴ĳɾͣսǿߡ
ȻˣԻʸ̾һ壬˾ηˡһ鷲ˣʲǺܳڣȴҲΪ˹ΪǿĻ˾ããҲ


1616 ͬ
綼̸ۣҲ˳޵ĶŹŷ硣ǸаŷܣΪǸȦеЦ
ҪˣôԸаЦͬʩչͨҪŹŷˡ
µ޾˸ûС

һӰ֣Ȼֱҵȭɱֱɱа
ʲôˣаɫܵһɿԼɱ
ŷ۳ȻһӰͬӵпµܣֱӱһȭаϣɳȥһ㱬ˡ
쵰
аɫתߡ
û׷ȥ۳Ӱɢʧ϶Ծаεǿ󣬳Խ죬ǸȦ֮УҲߣȴŷӰһȭˣǾġ
쵰Ϊͻˡаɫѿӳ˺Զʶһʵ
ŷʵԲʱͻƣ졣Ȼֻһ죬ڹŷǿǱ֮£սͬն
аͲǹŷĶ֣ڶԷͻƣӲǹŷĶˡ
ھָŹŷ磬ΪΪ
ǸıԵŷһ̣ͻȻŭһҹڹŷıУһŽ֮гһ顣
һͷȴϰȣÿ϶ŵһĵ̣֮趯ţѴ硣
ҹ
ŷֱӶǿͨн
Ǹ鳤Х硣˶ȻǺεǿƵһ飬һĻһ죬δǶ֡
ȻˣȻӲŷֶΣľн
𡣡
Ǹ㷺ܵ޴ΣգҪӳȥ
ŷ磬޹һǿ֣߳ѵҪĨɱȺ𣿡һʹŷ硣
ȴû֪˵˭ŷ綼оЦҪˣ׳գҹؼˣȥҪҵǰ֡
ŷ磬ɱǿߣ˵ˣǿЦҾǿߣѲҲҪɱҲɣǸЦ⡣
͡
ŷ֣һֱֻûһŽ磬һӰץ
ۡ
һ𣬶Է飬ɱ
׳աŷýͣǸ߹ȥſµѹ
һЩҪˣŷֶһҿΪŷֶ̫ˣɱһˣ޷
ҹŽ磬ɱŷ縩Ǹ顣
ȴͳ岻ȥŷԴͲܹƵġ
ԹĶŹŷ磬ȫʢʱڣҵУֻһ϶ѡ
ĻŷЦˣֱһƳȥǸĻԡѪ
Ǹϰ趯Ҫɱŷ硣ǹŷȴͲ壬һֻ£ֱСԷһȣϣ˺˷ֺ
̲סһǿϰȣƿֲڹŷУȴһöûС
ŷһǸҽУѪģ
ŷУһ㶼ûͬĸоǵУǸ磬ǻָȫʵĻʱùľˡ
ңղŶԷɱһʿִڣͬ顣
ŷ磬̫ˣкʿͬѵѪҲ̫˰ɡλѣˣһƺԪ߳ƷߣʣĴǿʮ㡣
ǵʵԹŷҲģƷǸȦеˣʵǿ
ŷ翴һۣЩŹֵʵͬ
ʿֻͬŷ磬ʱˣкͬʵ̫ˣӦù֮ƺԪ˵
ŷ̲סЦ˳ƺԪڿһɵһ
ЦʲôƺԪ̲סǳ⡣
ŷɫһЦƾղŵĻϧ֮ĵͬҪ𣿡
֮ĵˣƺԪһ㶣׹ŷ˼Ǹһۣȵ˵ĵˣ
ڻҪͬ𣿡ŷе̵ʵ
Ҳ˼ϲֻͬǲ֪ͬ᲻ͬˡЦ
ʱƺԪǵɫһһףû뵽飬ȻĵˡҪ֪ڲôˣȴ˵ĵˣ˵ĵͬ϶ᱻ˵ӡ
˵˵ʲô֤ݣ֤ĵˡƺԪŭΪԼҵһ÷Ϊѹŷ硣


1617 
ϣȻΪѣѵ𣿡Ǹ鿪ڣ䣬ƺԪ
ƺԪһ㶣ŭԼȻҪΪѹŷ磬ǺôҲҪ顣ǶԷȻƺΪϣһĵӣֱҪߡ
ŷ̲סЦƺԪǶ˶ˡ
졣
ƺԪŭŹŷ硣
ŷƲ죬Щ˵˵ˣǵˣֻͬԼţȡˡ
ǸĵˣƷͻȻڣŷѯʡ
Ʒһۣŷͷǿ϶Ʒ⡣
Ʒ̾ϢһȻƺԪ˵߰ɣǻȥҪﶪˡ֪¹Ǹ飬ûκˣֲþҪΪС
Ҫ棬ǳΪĹС
ʵϣǺ濪սʹЩ˳֣Ҳܴе飬־ǲΥġ
ǸЦǺ⡣
ʵǳףŷ׽סбʲô֣ٲôˣݡ
ʵϣͷǸ磬ҲһΪǿĴڣһЩ߽׻ߡֻΪԭʵ̫ˣŻӡָȫʢʱڵʵŷͲĶ֡
㵹ǷǳʶȤŷ̲סЦ˵
ŷĻǸЦΪҺһα˼㣬ȻɱңҲûʲôôǶ׼ʱ㸲磬ǵˡ
ΪʲôҪǵ棿ŷʵһֱһɻ󣬲֪Щ飬ΪʲôҪ档
Ҫ֪Է磬ű綼ҪǿȫûбҪ֡ҪĻֱӿ٣Դͨ컯ʲôʡ
ǺǡǸû˵
ŷһ£ֱӳ֣ҪʶҪõ𰸣ҲҪ֪Էľʵ
ǵŷճԷʶʱ򣬶Էʶ
쵰
ŷֱ
䡣
Ǹ鱬飬
ԼʶУ˽ƣֻҪԱ
ղŹŷʶǸƣŻ̴ŷߡ
һúݡզࡣ
ŷͷɫЩأü˵ǿҪд鷳ˣ鲻֪ж٣һٳֵĻܻɾ޴ʧ
ȴϣǻ֡ɫء
ŷһ׷˼ЩһֵĻᱩ¶ʱ֮УֻҪܹҳһǲ֣ĻָΪǸʱ鷳Ĵء
þݵˣסĶͬʱ֪壬ͬ棬ǲͻöԷӡŷ˵
ͷ˵ģһȥġ
˻صݣͬʱȥ磬ע쳣֮˵ĳ֣һ֣ϱ
˺Ӵתټ˰档
ͬʱҲ֮оԹ棬ȴǳһ¡
Ϊٵ֣Ƕк³
磬綼ܵһ㲻ͬǲ֪ʲô飬ǿԸоգе㲻һˡ
ãͷ­֣ӵͷ­
ǿֱӸϹȥɱͷ­
ǿ֣߳ŷ磬չΧȻˣҲǻ˾޴Żٵͷ­
˶ľʶеĿ¡ӾԲǸǿߣսʣȻˣҲѾ㹻ľսˡͷ­ùŷЩΧ˺ܳʱ䣬ǳ׽
һս󣬹ŷֱӻصݣ
ãһЩƬҵǶɱʵ˲Ŀһֲֿܣ磬ûʲôطܹӵùǵġ
ĹϵȻãǷ棬Ǳ;һ֮߰ڰ;֮䣬ڹŷͰԻʵѹ£ûгֹʲô⡣
һʮ꣬սϣ彽ͣ󣬹ŷ綼ˣǿ߳ɨЩƬȫᱻɨ
Щ꣬ǿ߲ϣۺԯݺǣȫڻʵľ磬£ĥԼ׼ʵľ硣
һһ̬ʵɲ⡣
ŷһֱһУֻʵ˭Ҳ֪ŷڵʵжôǿȻߣѾŷľˡ
˭Կ϶ŷûгɻʣǱǳɻʵĻҪֳĶס


1618 
һʢǿƣȻǿߣòϣȦеˣĸ̫࣬ܶԺۡ
һޱȻԻ͵Ĵеĸӷʢ
һʱ䣬Ҳǿ߽٣ǺͶһҪսۣɨ硣Ϊ˵Ѿûи߽׻ߣ˵߽׻߲ǵĶ֣ЩһĻߣνǸͲں
𾪵ǣ鲻еô򵥣ճǼսѣղʤ
ǸȦе˶𾪣һֿµĸо
̫ǿˣǣս˿Ҳ޾塣
Ȼ壬УѾûоԵơһǿ߷ǿޱȣȫܿ££еγһ壬Կ塣
Щ꣬Ϊıǹŷ磬һֱûܵκսȻȻס˹ŷͷǲôľηˡ
֮УŷչһϢħԼսһŽ磬ܶѾȥˡ
Ǹ˺ΪǸȦһµǿߵĶ֣ΪҫʵǿΪܳĺ֮㡣
ʦǸȦУҲΪĴڣɨ޵֣ȻƷˣˣҲ̲סɵ
أһ֣ǸȦеǿ߶ᾪ
ڹҫħԼսɺܼ򵥣ҫҪսŷ磬ԣħһսȴδֳʤںܶ˵ĸԤ£֣ͣҲԼˣս
ħδЩһֱĳɳˣһ𣬱˫
˴йŷǰķˣͬǿߣǺɨ֮ơ
ڹ죬ΪѾΪˣδʲôͷ˶֪ʵԲ˵͡
ŷҵһ뿪硣
ʵǰǿ˲٣˻߶죬Ϊͻ˻һĴڡ
ڹŷҪԼΣȻˡ
˻󣬼ûеദʱ䡣ŷȻüģʲôԭһ𣬵սһˣΪޣŷҪ˼ĸܡ
˵һۣͬն̫ڱӡ
Ǹҫ֣Ҳ˵˵Ǻ֮УһΪļһħʵҲҵǿǵͽܡЦ˵
߶ȻûŷͷǽһƬŽ硣
ﱾȽϻߣȴ컯һƬۼ硣ʿȻΪ˹սġ
ŷԼΪȻ
̤һͤӣΪܲٶϵΪһ棬̸۵ԵüΪڲͬ
ŷɨһۣЩ˶ףӦǺ֮㡣ʵϣʶҲ࣬Ϊ͹ŷʶˣ˼նɱˣѣҲİԵûϳŷ
ŷۣһСѯҪʲôǿСùŷЩЦ
ѯһŷһ¶
óһЩ鱦ֵЩƲ˵ǮʿĿЩȺͳԾȻû뵽۵ʿȻܹӵĺö
¶ˡЦ˵Ц⣬һ־˵ɢòʿֱ۾
ȻǸʿҲһһʧ̬
۵ɫ¶𾪵ɫܹǸλϵģԲǷˣһЦܹ֮ʧ񣬿϶ǵƯܹġ
в²⣬ѵһϸֻ֡ۿ֮£ǵʵԶۣԸͿ۵ľ硣
ЩʿĿ¶ɫг̰
ӣ˲ٵͽӡŷ绵Ц
ɨЩһۣЦһ˵һɱǡ
ŷ籾ںһھƣ۵Ļһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסЩ
ŷӣЩС죬˵ѵԸ˼Ҹ˿ߡ
һεεӣһŮ
ŷ纹գϽҡͷɫӷģЩͽӾʰɣ֤ǵĵ
ãӺɷ˵ŶŸˡ
ŷһԴϵĺˮһ
ʱһֱӶŹŷߣ֪Ұˣѵû𣿡
ŷЩȻҿһۣ֪ԷԼ˵ġ
򷢻Ǹ˿ȥһʿʱһߵĶԼԼһ
㳤ô𣿡ŷ緭һֱۣӿڵ


1619 
Ǹʿŭĳ࣬һĽɣۣһȻҪŭ
ңҪɱ㡣ǸʿŭѪ˸ޱȣŷɱ
һѪɫͣǧɱۣζŷѹȥ
ŷδ֣ΪöԷʸԼ֡ǾʿҲ˺һһ
ס֡
һȵڹŷǵĲԶһ⣬סѪɫ硣ͣûɱǸʿ
ŷ˹ȥһӣžƱһ⣬ǴĶͷϷģסǸѪɫ硣
ΪʲôҪְǸʿԼΪͷǶԷмֵסĹзŭ
Ȼη˳ɴ˿ɼеķŭ
𣿡üǸʿ˵
ǸʿһϽҡͷƲҡ
ھ㡣һ䡣
ҲŷһֻۣǸʿȻףվƽֻһ˫ӽĶڹŷϣ⡣
ҡͷЩ̾ϢȻ֪ŷ絽ʲô̶ȵʿϣܵһӴѹ
ʵܹѹģִֻˣʣһִڣǸʿܹġ
ֻǸʿ׾Բŭ
Ǹһﵹе۴֪ӦǿһʲôԲ˵
ܹ쵽ľѹҲǲҿʵ죬ǺȻܹѹͨĽڻʵǿˣҲһ˽ܡŷ˵
ܹ˵˽ܣ԰ˣֻǺܿϧ֪ŷݣҲܽȡ֮Ĵ
ʱҲڴ˶ѯʣΪʲôԹŷ˿
ǸŮӣһʡڣ˵Ļü𾪡
ʣʵǿ󣬵Ҳֻǽӽʵľ磬ҪǺ͵һսǾԲǶ֡
ЩԴƼޣ˶ġ
ǸӿǳʵܹһŮۺŮʸߣԵĲ˵
˶ܹ뵽һܹһŮۻŮͬУȻŷȻδ¶ʲôϣҲûһܹ͸ŷ磬Ѿ㹻˵һˡ
ס
ŷһһ˹ȥһӶûκͬ飬ûκ˵ע⡣ǹŷܣ͸оﾹȻһ
ܵŷĿ⣬ǸҲͬ˹ɫЩȣȻû뵽ŷ羹ȻᷢԼĴڡ
ԥһ£Ǹ˾ٱŷһ¡
ŷҲͷ˾ٱһ£ȻŻָƽ
Щ⣬һۣ˵ǸеŹ֡
ţǲ䣬Ӧʱյֻǲ֪ﵽʲôˡŷЦ˵һ۱㿴˶Էԡ
˹ŷһۣ¶һĨ˵ǸҲ๫һ۱㿴ĵϸΪߵһ
£ŷϺЦ
ҡͷܹ³ֻпԿ϶ŷڵΪԺֲܿڣ޷ܵŷս
²ǾҪܵͷŷ磬ͬ֬һı棬һ¡
Щգ˹ŷһۣȫˡ
ɬӣգʱò˿ֱ۾ʿ¶Ľɫٿŷ磬ֱҪһ
ŷҲܵǵĿ⣬ӣû뵽磬ȻΪŮŭ
Σٴ֡
ǿ߽١һ꣬޲ޱȣչᣬֱ볡С
˶һг˾η

һ߽׻ߵãЩųʵǳǿᣬֱ׷ߡ˵ɫη
Ȼڵ壬޾֮ǰū壬ͬܿ£˲ҵ
ǿЩѾ׷ƺԪˣʵƾˣֻǸصƷ壬ܹѹ˵սѾﵽ˻߾ˡֹ
ŷƲƲ죬һ߽׻ߵöѣȻЩ츳ҲܾһУǿߣܶ඼ƽ֮һ·ȥġ
δĳɾͣǹǿʣžõĶԡ


1620 
ı֣̫ڽȻ֪ˣܹһֱ޵£߲Զ
֮ǿƣ˭˵޵УԹŷԶԣ߲Զ
һ㲻мУʱɫ
վָŹŷ磬˵
˶һôײˣɫ⣬ȴû˵
һҪڣʱҲһ仰˵ڹŷĵϸҪҪ
ŷ粻ȻʱʱһЦǽһ
ŭĿû˸ԴΪ
û뵽һֿˣңǸŮӣҲΪҵĳ䣬˰
ŷһĿ˸űŭɫҪ
Ǹǰ͹ŷͻʿʱվ˵ˣ˺ܿǸûн˷УղŻԣ˵֮УûĶ֣ʹ˳֣Ҳһ֮С

ŭһֻ£ǸʿȻը飬ֱӱɱ
ǰ˵ѣҪҳΪеĵЦ䣬˭ҪסȻʶŷ磬ǿԿ˷ǳ߰˵ĻͲѡԼʱĬǸʿڣڳȻ
ˣεȸ߰ݺͰ壬Уοһ֪СʿŪǷǣֱΪ
˶̲סһ˭Ҳû뵽ȻɱϣͲԷᣬֱӳ֣Էնɱ
㣬Źŷ硣
ŷ翴һۣͬ˵
ȴͬһúܶȻȻŷ񣬼ֱڿһӡ
ǿŷû룬϶Լоʵ㣬һˣλĶ֡
Ҫ֪ȻҲδʤ㡣
ԣǸͲùŷ磬ΪԲĶ֡
ЦˣЦķǳ䣬һ
һֻ£ŷɱ˹µŷȫû
˶̾Ϣ֮£ǸˣҲҪˡһǾɫ䣬ʵеϧˡ
ڹŷڵĵطʱ˶о˲ԣǹŷǱɱӦѾ˲Ŷԡ
뵽̲סһѵһŮ²ɣ
˶ĿȥҪǵ״ڴʱһָͷӻеһޱȣϵĴһ㡣
䡣
µɳȥڿѪһ顣һָֻͷѹϣڵϣ˻ԡѪޱȡ
ʲô
ȫ̲סվǶû뵽һĻǿͬѹǵĴڣȻһزԡѪһָֻͷѹϣһѹһ
ɢŷŷһֵֻѹϣѪ
¶˼ɫŹŷ磬ʵ㵽˭
ŷû˵ᵯָ˳ȥըѪȾա˶Ȼһʲôʵָ֮䣬һɱҲ̫ˡ
һΪΪģףԭˣȻǸӡ
Ǹӵʵ¾һĵʣӵаɡ
Ҳ㣬ŷ翪ڣղδɱԷѾ顣
ǰѾһˡ
վλòͬ˶ƽϡ
޸壬ֵĿһ۹ŷ磬תߡ
ǶһۣȻ󿪿ڣλǰһ̬ȺܹƺŷΪǰ
Ϊŷʵʵ̫ǿˣ֪
Ȼ֪ŷݣǹƾʵѾηˡ
ȥ𣿡ʵ͹ŷݺʵΪǵǰһֵ顣
ȻʢԼҲþܾһ˵ǰ棬ҿûôıԳ˶ٶǸˡŷ絭Цš
˶֪ڿЦĸ֣Ҫûкöء
Ȼܹ뵽ָ֣˵ҲһΪӶ飬ҶԺкܴĺô
ֱЦ˵ǰ˵ЦˣǰƷѣһѣͷϣܹ뵽λǰĸ֣ҡ
ĻǳϣŷͷЦ˵㵹ǺܻˣλѣҪҪһ𡣡һ仰ŷһߵʿ˵ġ
ת֪ܹŷˣȻһˣѵﻹһλ֡


1621 ˿
áǸ˿ڣƽ
ŷûм룬˵㣬м档ŷɫηʱΪʲôҪֹǸΪΪͷΪ翴һŮĲ
ֻǺܿϧǸʿ޷Ŀģջǹŷ磬ֱԼˡ
ǰʵȺΪ򼶵ĴŶԣΪǰδšһʿʵΪֻȲһѡ
һŽٳ֣δҡŷһ˵
ǳһĨЦݣòסˣаŷںˡ
ǿŷ˵⣬ڳҲˡϾǾãΪԼ߳ôһǿߣȫûκαҪƭԼ
ǰ߷ڣںȻұģһСʿ̾
ŷͷûн飬̹ȻĽ˶Էĳޡ
ЦһָоȻ̲˵ݣǿ·񣬾Բһ֮
леĳԱеǿߣɲ˭ܹġ
ȻЩû˵ֻǶԹŷˡжȻǿܹʱ򣬻ô±ֵˣԲǷǷܵ
ŷ翴һۣһЦһﵹǻ飬Ѿһʲôˡ
ˣǰȻѾΪβһƬĽɽУԣǰʵˣ̫ˣֻҪǰ֣ܹɨ£ʱʲôƷ壬ݹŷ磬ԵǰĶ֡һϹŴʿܹλãԼĲˣʵʵȻҲδ˵Ķ֡
Ǽ˿ɶǿļˣҿɲǶ֡ŷ絭һЦ
û뵽ȻӶԷĿԼ֡
ҿδأǰʵԳףƷͰԵ˵ǻܹŷ磬Ӧò⡣Сʿ˵
ŷһЩЦʵô˵Уŷʵ𣿡
ŷȻ󣬵Ѿܳʱûгˣ˲²⣬ʵѾﵽƿˣϾǰ̫ˣˣһ³ǺܺãѹեǱܣԺԵƷˣЩһֱڶѾԽŷˣҿǰܹƷ廹аԵȼ磬ܹŷ磬ʲô⡣ǸСʿ˵һȻɫ
Ȼ֪ʱԼǰˣǹŷ硣
ŷӣû뵽ʿУԼȻѾѹեǱܣ޷ˡ
Ҳѹ֣ôδֻ֣ǱУ˭Ҳ֪Ĳ²⣬һֵ顣
ҵΪŷΪ壬ǱۺڳΪ֮ǰûǱľ˵ڳΪ֮ҪľǱܣҲһ׵飬ҵǾãŷֻԼʵǱܺľˣҪǳصĻȻǳˡ˵ŲͬĿ
Ļļ˶ЩˣǶһۣ˵֪ŷż񣬵ҲûбҪά˵ֻһʵѡ
ҡͷ˵ҼŹŷ粻ᱻ£ҲǱܺľٴγֵĻһᾪµġ
һȵӣȻͬ˵һǹŷķ˿
۹ŹֵĿ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦɫ
ŷҲ΢΢ЩŤû뵽⿴صȻԼ˿һ˵ʹŷƤܺ񣬴ʱЩ˼ˡ
ȿȣŷʲôõģ㽫˵Լżе˰ɡŷʵװӡ
˹ŷһۣҡͷ㲻ҷĲǹŷʵľоɳʷԶôǿĵˣűʤģҴӭͷϣֵȥ
ȣһɵӣùŷЦԷǡ
ûӰɡһǿЩ˵
ƽʱºͣǴʱȴŭˣֱתǸǿߣŭ㲻Ҫ˵ȻĻҶԲ
һŵӣʱһ㡣
ĳԹŷάһ㶼û⡣
վ޳ɫ⣬ЦҪҪ˵ǹŷ磬㣬㲻ҪԼŷػˣ˵һ仰ˣҾҪ˵ŷһç򡣡
üͷһ壬Ҫñ˵ŷ粻á
ŷ֣סۣ


1622 ħ
ȻЩ⣬ǻǿѹеŭ
ɫ࣬Ҫ֡
ڴʱһХأѹǵأֹü˶̲סɫ
ѹʵ̫ˣѾһĵˡ
һ˳֣磬ϣ˵ʦ
ħʿϳˣ̲ס˳
ϱΪԽԽߣǽĳΪ˵߸ϣһʿħǺеļ˳
ħû뵽ˣкϷˣ˵ħΪԼʦʦ裬Ҫǲǲءʿֻ
֮£ȻûܻӭԺܶ˼Ҫ£ǵģһڿֵ̬
ӱ䣬ȻܵħѹòվŲ˵˵ŷĲǣħҪΪǹŷĵӣҾͻ㣬ܹɱңһ㻹Ҫ˾սҿ㹻սͬʱˡ
һĲӣֻҲڷֹ
֪ħǳֵĻѡ
ħʱȴûڿͬϵ֮סˣû뵽ŷ۾ȻҲ
ħҪ񣬹ŷȴ΢΢ҡͷֹжʾȲҪϡ
׹ŷ˼ħָ̻ûϳŷ磬Դɱ˷һ
ɫܵħֵȫܹ⡣ӵеţų˵
䡣
ħ֡գ
֣ҪסħĹ
ָཻҽһ˳ȥѪħг𺳡
ŸոһӴѣôսˣͲǶԷĶ֡

ħ˵ûԥһȭ
޴ȭͷ˸Żƽɫʥ⣬ޱȣȭͷϣ⣬Ҫסħһȴʧˣֱը飬ڷ
˵ɫˣʵԲǾȻħһȭ򱬣Ϊͽܵħı֣ʦж˭Ҳ
̫ˣħֱеôҲһ˽ܣȴסһʿ̾
ŷһʵ̫ˣħֻǹŷСӣ滹ˣǹŷĴӣ˵ͬˣ˵Ҳǳߣӽ죬ǻˣʵɲ⣬£ļӣʵħһŶ
ɹżңһţżҵѪ쳣ĴڣһûӵǶļ塣
̸ۣ۹ŷļ壬һĶ죬ȫǷ
ħڷ磬ΪվȻͤӣԶڹŷǵ¡
һĻ˶˵ȻǺٺһЦղħֶ̫ˣһʵɱܴ𺳡
Ҫ֪ҪҪ֪ˣһпܾˡ
ܹ˵ħס
ҲýţֻҪңвǳ˵˺ҵġħһЦ˵
ȫϢͬһڼҵĴкһ㣬Ȼһĸо
СӲˡŷЦ˵
ɫŹ֣ŷ˵ǳ֮˵һҲ֣ħʵһ仰û˵Ҳûκĸо
λ̲סһףͷԴľˣħ˶ʵǺпܺ͹ŷ֮ʲôϵ
ǰǲǹŷѣЩʵ
ǰɡŷԼıӣԼ㲻ԼѣӦǰɡ
Ӽˣǳʥһŷʵôǰܲһ¹ŷǰķɡ
ӣŷе㲻˼ˣͷ˵һһۣûɶرģҪ˵رĻǱȽɡ
ħɫŹ֣˹ŷһۣʶԣ˵ʦܹҪԿ
ŷһû˵ֻȴħһۣ˼ʵһ㡣
ħٺһЦб顣
ǰ˵ͲԣҾùŷǰеӣΰߵɣ˷֣ܣǿˡӿˣ˵Ļùŷ綼Ŀɿڴ
Լâɣߵﶼᱻϳùŷһطĳ嶯һûϳԼ


1623 ҫ
ŷħһۣȻ˵ʵŷûɶ˲ģ㻹ǲҪż˰ɡ
ŷĻʱ¶ɫЩŭ˵ǰ֪͹ŷ֮Ĺϵ϶ǺܲԲܹ˵ĻϣԺ󲻻ĻˣŷҵУһĴڣ۱ô˵ҶţǿˣǣδҲǡ
һȷ˿ŷЦЩ֪˵ˡ
һ˿˵Ҳͦ˼ġŷͷ˵
ۺħ˶һۣԷеЦ⡣
λ벻ҪЦʵ˵ŷҵһҲκ¡һۣ˵
㶼δŷ硣ħЦ
Ѿãûмʲôأ˵ĺ棬һʥһı顣
ӣħʵе㲻֪˵Щʲôˡ
ŷ綼ое㲻˼ˣСӶԼҲʵ̫˰ɡ
ǻ˵ʲôҲڴʱһӰڳУǿϡգĲ
һ޳꣬һ£ɣǿޱȣڳУúܶ˲Ŀ
ҫ
ʿ
ʱħҲվԷǿͬһŻʽ٣ħҲ˿ͲöԷŹҫ۾֮տտ
ˡħ˵
ҫħһۣ¶һĨЦһս㣬Ȼȥսʦ𣬵ʱһˣʦͽ
ɫȻħһӵӡ
Ǻǡ
ħЦһǺ⣬ͬվȴһʦǣĲ
ŷ翴һۣаͷǸëͷСӣڳɳˣʱħʵǿ߳Լ·ʵڵ
Ȼҫʵħ࣬ǹŷһָоҫԲħĶ֡Ȼ޵УǾûħƽȡҴӹҫıֿԿûоκδܣħܶණкܶ飬Ǳܹġ
ˣܹЦͬУռݾԵϷ硣
Ȼδսһ𣬵Ǵʱȴ໥ţ֮Ϣˣһܹµƣ֮γɣ𺳣в
ܶʿѾ˿Ҳͬʧ飬ܲסǿϡ
ֻйŷڵĵطûκ飬ǿӹȴһǿֱѹƣ޷
ǾԵѹƣҫ̲סĿ˹ŷ۵ʱһ£ȻбƵɫ
Ϲϳˡ˵֪ҫҪսŷ磬ϳŷ磬ʲô顣
ŷ絭һЦϳϳˣûʲôģֻһС˴š
˹ŷһۣ̲ס̾콾ҲֻܹˣӣҵȶУҪٳɳĻϾܹﵽսˡ
ǫˡŷЦ
˹ŷһۣҲ¶һĨЦݣͬŷ˵һǫˣ۵ʵʹһʱ֮ڲħĴڣҪ׷ۣҲһ׵顣
Ҫ֪һ֮󣬹ŷõ˾޴ĺôں˵۵ۺγˣͬ˾޴ĺôںһʵ˵һʵе΢ǺôȴǾ޴ģΪһʵôεʱڣ˴۶죬۵սҲͬնˡ
۵ʵжǿ֮ˣ֪ûмֻйŷԯףԲһĴ۶졣
̸ۣħ͹ҫѾˡ
ҫѡ֣ǵصѹ䣬һµ飬˻£Ҫɱħħֱ֣ͬӴ¾Էײ·硣
ǽɱҵ˼㡣һСıǵսȻڵĵһʱͱ飬ڷ
˶Ȼһʲôӵʵ̫ڿ˰ɡ
䡣
ħǼս໥һȭ˫
ͬʱɳȥѪֿµ˺ۡ
΢΢ü¶һ۵ɫȻħˣе㲻ġۿħǹŷĵӣҲԼĵӣʦģɲ뿴Լͽܣܵκ˺
Ǹҫ̫ˣɱָָҫ˵Ļ˶Цá
ڹƽԣǲֵĻ»˶ӵġ
ŷҲҡͷЦ˵㲻õģǸҫħĶֵġ˵ķǳĲ۷


1624 ָ
ܶ˺գ۵ӣԷܹսħĻĻ֣ҫɱ
ӵģӵˣǻǵһμЩ⣬ЩЦá
ҫɫĿɨǣɫɱ⣬Ȼڹŷˣҫɱ⡣

ħ˵֪ҫѾԼʦˣǻ¶ɱ⣬ֱ̫ˡ
ҲڲպδؾͲ磬϶ᳬԽʱҲնҫЦ˵Ļ
ԼԼԳԽһС
ħ̲סЦָ֮伤ս̫棬ʵǿᣬļսһǿƵ˼㡣
飬֮䣬ȫ޾Ĺ⡣
ִ̫һＤսʵǿᣬѹ񷣬ض¡¡졣
ۡ
ۡ
ǻ˫˶Ѫȫˡһ̣ǵһʱȥȫ쳣£ѹȥֲϢء
ŷһߣͲһۣħģôĴѾͦˣսֶս˵ʲô
˼սѪǷɽÿһ˲䣬Ѫɢ䣬ǵļս˼㡣ܶʿһľսĸоǴû콾սȻ˿ֲµĽһϣ»ڵһʱ䱻˺ɷ顣
еʿ񣬶˵սҪһʲô
ǿвֹͣȻΪŷ̳ĵӣȻ
ŷԼ̳ĵӾһǳԼݵ˼ˣȻĻֵġ
·Լߵģħн죬͹ŷ벻ϵǸԼŬҿкܶ覴ãѵûʦ𣿡ŷЩɻʵϣķţʵ϶еȱģͲȫȴزЩŲǰ̣һʦָĻʵܹܶ࣬ȻħǹҲࡣ
ΪһżȻ̤ĵ·һֱһˣδʦָ㡣˵Щʧ䡣
ףǿʦָĻ·϶ߵĸӽȫҲߵĸԶʵҲӵǿ
ֻǣʦ
ЩĽĿħһ̾ĽģħѣܹŷΪӣʵ̫Ҹˡ
ŷЦһＸ仰벻ԼҪǱˣΪԼ뵽ŷһ񺮡
뵽ŷ˵㲻Ļҿָһ㣬ʦ֮Ľɡ
ŷĻȻȻҡͷ
ŷɫһڣһѵԸ⣿뵽ŷе㲻ˬ
ŷɫ֪ŷ϶ˣϽ˵ǰҵ˼ˣҲǲԸ⣬ֻǾãǰָҵĻǿ϶ҪʦģȻĻǰװռǰıˡ
ǣƾôݹŷ磬ҶԽ㡣ŷЦ˵
ЩĿ˹ŷһۣ˵ǰʲô˼ѵҪٳݹŷˣɲС
һԲԸӣùŷЦãһ˰ɡ
ˣֻҪָһ£ڹŷôûйϵʵҺǼһĹϵõģȻǶȲϡŷЦ˵
ŷĻȻǹŷֿѣ֮ǰˣȴ˵Լ͹ŷ֮ĹϵȻ֮仹Ҫܣе㲻š
ŷɫףҲԼû
ֻǣ֪ھ֮Уѵ˱ۺ͹ŷ֮Ĺϵ
ˣ㲻Ҫôֱ࣬˵ԸҪǲԸĻҾԲǿŷ˵ЩˬԼǿԷԼԲľġҪָһ¶ԷȻһԥӣùŷ粻ˬˡ
ԥ۶ЩżˡŷҪָˣǿǺѵõĻԵҪ֪ŷԵķǳ㣬ĳЩľ磬׷Ƕ̾
ǱŷָĻĿ˵һԵ
뵽̲ס˵ɵСӣлΪָ˵𣿡
۵ĻڷӦҲЩˣֱŷ˵лǰָ㡣
㷴Ӧŷһۣղе㲻ָԷˡ
Цһû˵֪ԼղģȷʵеˣһƢǿߣ¶Լˡ


1625 
ŷ涢ŶԷȻΪָĲ֮Ȼİ취Щطɻĵط
ŷָ֮¶ȻɫףԼȱв㡣
ܶණƽʱδע⵽ģڱŷָʱˡ
ŹŷĽ⣬֤ͣԼĲ㣬ȻһɹǿϢʱԼĵŹŷĲͣ⣬֮ǰЩ㣬ȫֲһֽľ硣
ǱߣħڼսߣŷΪڽķʽʹ
ȻʿҲӹŷ署һЩУõ˺ܶ࣬ƽԼĵУõ˺ܶõĶ
ҫԡѪħսѾ˰Ȼ
ŷǱ֮󣬹ҫ̲סЦħħʦ𣬻ǹ㰡սȴǱָˡ
ʦ飬Լ˼Ҵκ뷨ħ˵һȭҫɳȥ
ǹҫҲ֣ħĺ
໥ӣܹԷȼյĻ档
ɱ
ǳɱȥٴμսһ
·ˣѾˣħʦǲǹŷ뵽ŷ˹ȥ
ǵҫĻ֮󣬲һһ£ϢˡǱŵãͬʱǾϲġ
ŷ΢΢ҡͷȻ֣ȹϢû˵ôһ㶨ΪǿߣƾʲôʲôҪܣú
ɫӣŹŷ磬˵ǹŷ
ΧҲһɫɫ𾪣˼ĶŹŷ磬뵽ղħı֣ǶʱϿ˹ŷݡ
ǹŷ磬Ļħֵġ
֮ǰΪŷֻħһڿе뵱Ȼˡ
ŷ˾
ŷ֮гˣڿһ
ȻԹŷһЩˣҲһʱʵѹһвŷģʵȻӵˣټʱҲоη
ŷֻͷȻȻʱŷ署ˣԽԽࡣȻ֪ڳ˭ȻŹ
֮ܶ£оԼľЩ΢𾪣Щ׹ŷʵˣЩδ֣ԲΪʵѾﵽһּޣֻΪԼʵ
ǰĹŷ磬ûߵľ硣
սڼǴʱǶѾˡڹŷ磬ǵ֮ǣһʿѯʹŷ⣬ͬʱõ֮󣬺ܶ˿ʼˡ
֮ڼֻǴʱƣеˣ˲ಮ٣ħѹŶִ
ǶԡѪħʵȻȹҫҪǿҫѹ·硣
ҫ¶ŵɫҪսŷģֻû뵽ԼȻŷĵӻˡ
Ҳšҫ
ħЦ֣һֻ£һɫḥֱ̂ӽҫɳȥڿѪһ㳹ըԡѪǶϽۡ
Ҫˡħ˵ƽԷֺ֣ɨڹҫϣҫѪ
ʱҲħĶ֣ˡ
˵עȥˣ̲ס֪һսҪнˡʱ˭ܹĳħҪʤˣҪܶԷ
ôܻܣӦ޵еġҫߺޣ¶һĨҪɱ˵ɫ
Թ񣬶ħϣҫŭ㲻Ӧûҡ
زˣҫǲţԼȻˡ
û˭ǲܵģʵ޵У֮УܹˣֻЩ㣬㻹ΪԼ޵𣿡ħЦĲм
Ļùҫ̲סɴ۾
֮Уܹ˲٣ôܣ߰ͬҫԲܹʵ
ں˵ҫŭ
λʦ֣һλʦ㣬㣬Ѵ֮֮ģҶ򲻹㻹ﲻŲŵʲôֱһЦħЦ˵һ𾪡
һҫ£ǹŷһУĸˣҫʵǱһɳ޵ˡ
ֲ̫ˣŷֲ̫ˣ˵У뷨ǿһڽĹŷ磬һִɣͲԼУǲԼĵˡ
ֻйŷˣǣ֮Уǵ˶Ҳŷ֮Խӵľηˡ


1626 ҫʦ
֮£Щν콾νĴ˵ʹ͹ŷȣ㲻ʲôǣ˦ǺԶ
ѹݹŷ磬ˣľͬһĤݣȻʿ쳣η
˾ˣɡŷ絭˵Ǻ⣬ԷʵȻħܹ֮£ľʲôˡ
ǡ
ħͷ˹ҫһۣ˵һӭսսҵʦ𣬶ңֻлңսʦʸ񡣡
ħĻҫɫѿԹĶħһҪ˵
ħ⣬ˣȴѪ£ڿٵĻָŷһģǿᣬѪ棬ǿƵ˼㡣
˶û뵽鷢ˣħոתҫȻˣ͵Ϯħɱ˹ȥ
˶Щ˸ֱҫҪ
ħѾҫŵˣȴڶԷתʱ͵Ϯʵ̫ˡ
۴ŭһɱ⡣
ڴʱħȴ͵תһȭ˳ȥȭͷ͹ҫĹײһ𣬿µ𶯣ҫҽһɳȥ
ħɱ⣬ɱȥҪԷɱ׽ɱ
ҫʵǱˣûʲôߣһΪݵĵ˵ĻǷǳµĵˣпܻԾɷǳ鷳
ҫٴαɣۼħɱ˹ʱˡʱһ㿹ħûˣһУɡ
뵽ҫɫ
ڴʱһֻ£ħĨɱ˹ȥ
ֻϣƣޱȣܹĨɱһСħ̲סɫѾоˣⲻεĴڣܹĨɱ
ħţйŷ⡣
ڽŷģкһЦһͬһֻĳȥһ̣ѣŽ綼Ҫһ
ŷЦһһֺֻݺݵն䣬ԷĴײ
ۡ
ֱֻ飬ʧ֮䣬ͬʱǸҫҲʧȻǸղǸˣҫˡ

Щʿ

ҫʦǸǿˣֻʵԲŷ磬һײȻֶˡ
Щʿȫ̲סŷ񣬸ӵľηˡ
ǰǻɹŷЩǿ֮ʵһ㶼ˣŷʵ̫ǿˣԽЩˣǸղֻ֣˹ҫʦһֻ֡
ԣ˵ҫʦͨ˫ۣŷǿײȻҪԿ֮ʵǲġҲʿС˵
ǲϿɹŷʵǶԹҫʦţʵκһǿߣŷ硣
ͨ˫ŷһղҲܵԷǿȻԼһвĸоӦþǶԷͨΪŪԭ
ŷ粢̫⣬ħһۣǰȻһְֻħϡʣ֣ãɢȥħָһ㶼ûܹһѪʢľ
ŷֶΣľҪ֪ղħܵ˺ϵ˺еˡȬʹиְֳҲҪǿʱָܹ
ǹŷ֣ȴô̵ʱڣЩκãŷֶʵ̫ˡ
ˣǻؼҰɡŷ絭˵
ǵģʦ𡣡ħ˵Ȼվڹŷ۵
Ҫ뿪ûҲɫηŹŷǡ
ʦ𡣡
ڴʱһ˹ڵϣŷ纰
˶Ŀ˹ȥǿЦãڵ˲ǱˣȻڵϣһӡ
ŷתһۣ˵Ҳʦ𡣡
ɫһ죬Ȼ˵ҪΪʦҵʦɡ˵֮ڴĶŹŷ磬гȡ
˵ŷżҲʦֻǰû뵽ԼȻһ죬ܹ͹ŷߵһ
Ҳʲôˣֱŷ¹ҪŷԼʦ
ʦģô£ڱʦ𣿡ŷ絭˵ЦЩ䡣
ŷԺĻ鷳ϣٱ˶֪¹򣬾ܹùŷԼΪӣͷԲܿ
ŷ棬Ҳǳƽ˵ա
סˣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˾ȻһᶼûиֱӾ;ܾˡ
գ仰˵ɫ԰ס
Χʿ¶ɫǸղŻںԼû뵽һУڣȴһ㶼ˣҲº³Ҳһġ


1627 Ŭ
ǳᶨǴʱȴ̲סҲЩΣΪʵ̫ˡŷֱӾܾһδ
ǱˣѾ߳ŭֱطˡ
ûУҪݹŷΪʦ˵Σ㲻ʲôֻҪܹùŷٹʮܹܡ
ŷȻˣת뿪һӶûи
Χ˷һЦЩΣȴȴЩһۣˬ˵ЦʲôǣֻҸӱߣΪõȥ𣿡
ĻһЩЦҲҪ߳ŭҵȻҲҪһŷĵӣȴԲһûκνڲˣղŵӣֱһСһ
Ƿ̣顣
Щʵ϶Թŷе⣬ǸղȻ̣Уȴŷ統˵ġǹŷķ˿ȻҲ˹ŷһˡ
ʹŷľܾҲ֣ûһڵĸоǷĳŹŷ硣
ʦʵҿǷǲġħЦſڣŷɫ֪
ʵϣΪﵽ˹ŷ磬˼飬ܹùŷˡ
֪ŷͷϴһĨЦݡ
ħȻ׹ŷʲô˼
Ȼ֪ԷΪʲôŷ绹Ҫе㲻
ǲǲһҪΪͽϣûʲôԵ飬ҺûʦͽԵ֣ͿԼŬˡŷ絭˵
ʵϣһ˲ţԼô̵ʱڣ磬ȻʵħҪϺܶ࣬ʦָ㣬Ի۷壬Ϊһǿߡ
ʦ˼ǣħһ
ʦ˼ǳԣһֱ֣һֱŬʦʹΪʦҲûʲôԵģԣ֮ûʦͽԵ֣ͿŬŬˡЦ˵׹ŷ˼
ԭħͷЦ˵ǿҪһʦˡ
ڶԷִţħǷǳţ϶׷ҪΪŷĵӡ
ǻص磬ħʤ飬ҶΧף
ɵĲЦ˵ħһȭ
ǺһЦħ˵ǸһﲻôûʲôֵýģҪģǴʦ𡣡
йħĻۿڣ̾ɫ
ȿȣȻй̫ܲʵԶԶǼһһֱۣǿľɫڣϢʥһķӡʵΪﵽڵľ磬ѾԽ˵ķӣʵ
ڵʵħϾǵŷһˣǹŷֵܣЩСһʵĺܿ졣
ȿȣеøԶˣȻҵĿ꣬ǻܹҫʦ𡣡ħᶨ˵սȻȻ˵˶Էǿ󣬵ȴһ㶼ģӵļᶨ
ŷ֣ħŷķΪԷǿ󣬾ͷԼĿ꣬ӵĵӣŷԼо˵ġ
ãڴһ졣´Ц
ǺʵûħҰԣȴ֪ʵֻǱϵİˣʵҲһǳҵˣ˵ĵҪʱ򣬷ǳĹϸɴ࣬ħйŷķ緶
֮УƷǰ֮˵ûκɫ
ʵǸ˵ʵΣ
ԶԶԽңĸܸ֡߰ƷʱȴòԼĽ
оһƷ嵭˵磬ĸֲ࣬رĴڣ㻯Ǹ˵ӣҿ
бҪ˭Щֹ˵
ʵϣҪƷ֣ԼȥɱǸɱԼˡƷľ裬ȴˬ
۾ĲˬƷаҡͷ츳ܺã̫Сܿܲʲôĳɾ͡ҲܹΪһһĻߣǶֹһĻߡ
𾳽磬ǲκ˶ܹɾ͵ľ磬ʶʸûС
һ£ŷӡ
ȻֻһӰƷȻܹǸӰУᵽһְ
ϽɢڴʱƷͻȻɫоǸӰҪһ
֪һǸ˸ӦˣȻĻֵģǻӰգΪǸ˵ķҪ⡣
ƷĻҲоһ㲻ԣϽɢ


1628 ۳Ѳ
Ǹ˭ʵܵһֿµѹ˶һľĸо
Ļߺ˵ǲܵģǵѪѹ飬λߣôһӰľ
ͬʱҲˣǸˣǸʱδʩչ۷ܣȻĻͲ³ܱܿɱ
һǲˡƷɫѿ
ǸӰʱԼղŽһ£ǲȻĻȥҵǸˣҪҶԷ鷳ǸԼҲʹ졣
ʲôסˣʲôӵˣԼﲻ˵ġ
֮еĻӣݸ߹󣬶Ȼǵ֣ū壬Ҳ֮УĶڡʵϣǾ˺Ͱ壬Щһֱǣǣһֱǿ
Ȼһ壬ǿƣҲȲǡ
ŷ硣³֣ȻƷ嶢ķӦ
ʱһʱˣԷȻԼܹġŷ磬˲֪ȴǳףƷ˵ԼӦòǹŷĶ֣ҹŷһ֮£ֱӴаеҪĶˡ
ЩȥˣŷֻĸģˣԽǿ󣬾Խǿ󣬺ߵ˵·ġ
ϾˣѾֳƺ˵ˡȻͿ϶ǿ֮
ֲôЦҡͷҲףԼʱǲܱˡϾŷʵأҪƵĻܻ֮Ĵս
˵ǻ鷢ϱսĺᣬȻģҲûлûԶǿߣܹΪϳԽܣһ¡Ʒ尲ο
ƷĻֱӿЦ֪Ǹǹŷ֮Ѿ뷨
һ֪ȤˣȻ֪߰ԼƷȦӵˣ˺ܶ࣬ŷ磬һȦ棬¶пܳ۵ĴڣǹŷĶ֡
ϣɡЦת뿪
ӣƷ̾һΪ֮УϣǿߣͲʶǿߵϣ
ŷ磬ڳˡƷ嵭˵о˸ǿ޾ռ䣬ĿͶڹŷϡ
ŷ˼ͬ˹Ȼ޾Ŀռ䣬֮䣬ȴһָӦ֪ԷԼ
Ʒ塣
ŷ³Ʒ֣ɫȻǺ⡣
ôˣʵ
˶סˣƷǼһȵʵо㹻ʱ򣬶սҡŷ絭˵
ͦõģ˵ڵƷ壬֮еһǿߣ㽫Ʒɵݾһǿĵˡ˵
ûж룬ƷǹŷĶ֡
ⲻŷ絭Ц
̸ЦǸûнƷС
紫̣ħ˹ҫǿƵĲˣܶ𾪣ʿ񣬳𾪡
ŷȴһŭϢʿһֱвʧ٣ʵڵ˽ܡ
Щ˶ǾݵδпܳΪҲпܳΪߣܶлĿܡ
ʧһ޷ܵģȴƬʧ˻ɱùŷŭ
ȥˡü
ôЩ꣬Ȼݺ׻֮䣬δϲǼѾˣΪȻĸȻһ顣
֪֮ʱżһļǵӡ
֪֪˭죬òҪץȻĻҲġŷк˸ɱȻ
Ǹô죿ʵɫء
ŷԥһ£Ȼ˵ҪѲ
ʲôסˣֱԼġ
۳ѲɲһС顣ֻд޵ֵĻ͵𾳽ǿߣܹóѲһʡ
ŷеĳӣ鷳
ĵģһָоǸͣݳֵˣ϶ץסһεĻᣬʱҳѲڰв̽һȷ˶ԷݣұһγѲʱ½ͣʹǲҲνǲʿˡŷ˵
Ȼ˵пܣ⵽ǿߵսʱһЩˣδػ͵Ļᡣü
ùŷ̫ǡ
ܹ𣿡ŷʵ
ҡͷŷǶȫûа취֪
ǿԿ϶ⲻһˣһȻֱǾݵġ


1629 
ֶζһϢûУҲ˵Щ˲ķǳܣ£ֻܹѰ·ܹҳǡŷ絭˵
۳ѲҲ̫Ѱˣпܻ쵽è壬¶ͷˡЦ
ŷҡͷдһĨţ˵Щ˵ֶǶھʿǺ֮ǣǲŹλģΪпܣһɱݣһٲĵزǲĻǲء
ǹŷ뷨Ҫ߶ԷöԷжıһֶĲŷԼһΰţҳˡ
ʵϣŷҲãЩ˲ľͻԼ鷳Ͼݵʵأֱģʹڵ壬δֵӡ
֪ŷ뷨̲֮ס𾪡
۳Ѳôǡǻ͵𣬸ˣֻȵļ
Ǽˣڲǻʱ򣬶սʵ
ڹŷ磬ȻҪ۳ѲǾʵе̫ˡ
ǲе̫ˡۣ̲ס˵
ֻۣ۳ѲǶôĺˡĤݣȻǴۺͻߣҪףȫݡ
Ȼ۲ָǵߣֻΪﵽ͵𾳽˵ƣǿǻʣҲǵۡ
ŷҪѲǹĵһҪ֪ԶԶ統Ļ͵
޵˭˵ҵĶ֣۳ѲҲûʲôŷЦ˵û̫⡣
ʵ״ﵽʲô磿̲סʵ
ۡŷ˵
ۣһʲôӵ˵Ƕһۣ׹ŷ˼˵֮£Ѿ޵
ǣôܣδŷɻʣһȻ߽׻ߣҲ˵Ļ
һһ̬ǾͲҪˣǺúɣԽԽˡһ˵ŷ񣬳˹Ź֡
Ȼͷ
֪򵥣˵벻޵ķʸ
ֻǹŷʵܹﵽһ磬в⡣
ǣȻŷĲȻᷴԣϢܿ㱻ȥˡ۳Ѳ飬ֻڴ˵˵δǴʱȻҪ۳Ѳһһ˵δɻʵˡ
ҲЩЦм
ݣĿɿڴǱ׹ŷʲô˼Ȼʵδﵽ͵ľ磬ҪЧ۳ѲѲ棬Ҫư԰
֮УҰЦ˰ԵͰԻһۣ˵ڻʲô˵ŷҰѾ¶ˣҪΪۣһͳ档
ŷݵ°壬㵽ۣȴû뵽ȴΪʿȻǰôʱ䡣Իʸ̾
ĻðҰһ㶣Ѿ㵽ŷۣЩŵĶŰԻʣڿһͽһȻѾ㵽ˣΪʲôȺУ׼
ŷʵ̫ˣȻͿ϶аգȻû飬õĽҲۡԵ˵⡣
˶ڹŷ磬ź˽⣬ǲĹŷ֮󣬻в塣ʵϣڵΣ;ݣȻѣŹͬĵ塣
۳ѲôǣҵԶԶԻҡͷ˵
˵ı֣Ȼһ㵣ĶûУҰһˣˣŭǲǷˣǰĻԽԽԶǻ˵Щ
ǳ˶ǷˣȻĻôһ㶼⣬뷨ȫͻ
Ϊ壬ǺңԶִֻҪģֻðܺõĴȥĲӦĵʵΪһȥԻ˵뷨ҰһҪĲδ
ʵϣԻҲҪΪ壬ȰҰҪ϶٣ԶԣȰҰǵĶ֪࣬ȡᡣ
ǰʵȻܹѹһУΪ壬ҲԸĵˣٴλָơҰŭ
Իʿ񣬾ڿһ׳գ˵ǲǰ׳գŷȻķ۳ѲҲδؾָܹݵʢֻҪҵˣ㲻ûпɣ
ĻҰһ£Ȼ˼УȻͷʾԼȷʵûпŷ뷨
ֱû뵽ҰȻٶ۵ز
óҩˡԻ˵
ԣѾûˡԵҲЦˡ


1630 Ӧ
ҰɵۣʲôԼûˣŭĿӡ
˶ҡͷ֪˵ЩʲôģǱҰزһôΪˣټ
Ϊһ¡˰ԻһۣԵֱ뿪
ԻȻȥ飬ӰҰֱͬ뿪ԭֻ°Ұһˣվ벻ס
Ϊ磬ûǿƵĻߣŷ羹ȻҪѲЧۣЦһ·ʮˣĩβǸǹҫ
˵ǸˣվϹâɣǴһҫۣݣǿԸֿܵµѹ
һƻ䣬ЩںһԵøӿ¡
أһµ֣Ǵȥءǰŵˣȴӿ£Ȼǿͬҫֻ
˶ףδ磬ǿԿǱȹҫǿ̫ˣΪ׵һˣǻ죬һּµƣֱ׷ЩȦеĸ֡ǴʱЩ˶Ĥݣʮֹ
ʦͽܾãҪǳʱҳǵݣϾ׻ʿͣǹŷ޷ܵ顣Ϊ׵Ǹ˿ڣȻҲصͽܡ˼Щʿġ
һλᣬԼ룬ǳȥʽҺˡص˵ȴء
˶Ծ𣿹ŷʵƿ£ȻҲδؾܹɱ˹ŷ硣
ײղ˵Ǹʵ
࣬ô꣬ôôĺͿˣЩеˣֹŷ磬һЭһ鲻ԣߡо˸
ص˼Ҫֵˣֻǲ湥ǣƣǺڳ⣬Ҳ¡
ǡϽ˵
Ĺҫ¶һĨмɫа뵽ûӵķ
Ȼǲ˵ģʵ࣬ǵĴʦ֣һţǰʵеģʵǿˣڵһλ
ȹҫʵǿĲһ㡣
Щ֮Уʵӽʦġ
ʦҾ֪Ǹŷʵôܷʦȣʵĵ⡣
·ļˣҲһҲڹ⡣
ǿԼʦ޵еģȴһŷ磬һδԼʦһֻ֣Ȼʦ۵ģҲӦóֵġ
΢΢Ĭһ£ز˵ʵɲ⣬һν֣ûиܵս
ʮˣȫ̲סһ
໥һۣԷеĳԾʦ֣δܵŷսǹŷӦжǿ޷
ʦ𣬹ŷǿǸز𣿡š
ص˵ϴȱǿߣǲҪȻʦڣ˵ͬ޵Уе̫ˡ
صĻ˸Ͻͷ
ǷǳΪ֮󣬳ԼһŵˣˡǴʱǲʶҲԼСӢۡһŷĳ֣Լʦŵϸˡ
ȥ°ɡؿڡ
ʮ뿪û˸
ŷ磬Ǹ˵ĻһҪڴлصԼû
֮УƷϢЩ㶡
۳ѲǿЦ𣿹ŷ羹Ȼ顣
ŷһ˳֣죬ɫ䣬ɱȻ
Ʒͷ
ʱҵϵһЩѳ֣նɱŷ硣˵
ֻ¹ŷʵôܹɱˣһµĿģҵҲܹܵ;ʿйϵһȴܹӣ۳ѲֻҪɹˣڵõ˳ϣڤڤеĸӦҪǸλãͲǺѡƷɫء
λǺǣŷûʸ֮УҲû˭ʸһһаǿ֣߳Ǳˣа
ˣٴγ֣ʵǿһء
ĳ֣˲⡣Ȼа֮䲻Ը棬ȴǳһ¡
ʵϣ綯ŷ֪ν۳Ѳʵһ˼ǳɹǵĵõڤڤеĳϣһλʱףȱ˸׵ϻλá
ԣȦЩˣ϶ͬ⣬Ҫ֣ܹŷ磬Ļŷ۳ѲʧܣûЧˡ
֮УŷʩչƻѶȣ˲٣֮䣬ܶǿߣ׼֣ҪסŷһΡ
ʿҲ磬ʼøߣڲ鿴Щ˵Ķ
׼һʱ䣬۳Ѳڣ١


1631 
ڴ֮ǰŷʧһʱ䣬˭Ҳ֪ȥʲôֻĵе˴һ㣬ŷӦȥˡ
۳Ѳеô򵥵ġŷףȻ⣬Զ˺ֶܶΡ
Щ飬ĵЩˣ֪
һգ˶ڻǸߺŹŷ֣Ϊۡ鶼ףŷ粻ۣǣɹۡ
֮Уŷм룬Ǽ죬ҲǼأǼЩŵͣڤڤеһ־
գһ쳵
ͷ۲ܹӵзݡͷȫڵɽ塣
ǿޱȣأ֮ǰŷչֳʵֱˣĳΪŷ
ڹŷΧʮ콫ɫУĺգս֮ϣػڹŷΧ
ʵǿһȥȫǿֲǿߣʱ£һ˲ʡ
Χд۸棬ľۣǴۣۺۣػԱߣֿµĵ˲
ͬʱڵľߣػԱߡ
£ǿޱȣѹˡ
ʸ棬ǿߣƣȷʵƿ¡
ŷ쳵棬̬ϣδѹϢǿϢɢذ˷
֮ݷ޷ơ˵ۣ˲κɻΪ̫ˡ
뿪磬ڻǰУѲӰ˷
һŽ紩Խȥ鶼ĤݡǾ֮ڵһЩŽ磬ûκβʮ콫࣬ȴǿߣһԻٵܶŽ硣
գݵĹŽ磬ѲϡǶһۣʼ硣
ӭۡսһƬ磬ıǿһߣ졣һĻߣ֮ĹϵȻᷴ顣
ǵ磬ֻһߣҲסݵơ
¡¡磬˱硣һĻߣһղһֳĲų嶯ղẉ̂ʵ̫ˣľ
һ磬ȫΪֻһлߣǿߣǽڻʵĸ֣Ǹӵסݵˡ
ĸ磬Ѫ磬иƣǿ
ŷǳֵʱ綼ɢѪ⣬ܾŹŷǵĽ롣
ʮ콫ֱ֣Ӻ硣֮У߶ϹŴǿǽڻʵǿߣһʩչͨޱȣֻιٵǸϡ
ǽУ𶯲졣
Ѫ糼һ콫һڻʵǿߣʱ˫һƻʵϢȻŨҲ̤Ǹλˡ
ĻһѪлʵϢŨҪɱǿߡ
ߡ
ǴЦֱӳ֣һѪ⣬ȻǴ˵С֮ҹ
µ𶯣綼
һЩֱը飬ڷ
ûκͬɫ۳ѲǾֻ飬ݲκʴȡ
Ȿ˳ֻЦ
Ӱǻ߶죬һѪʣǻһ졣һѪƽʱǺܸߵ˭Ҳû뵽ǵʵȻǿ
߶죬ǰľˣòĸ֣߽׻뿪֮󣬾ˣ˵ǿʵȫ뿪ˣʵ㡣
ֲøҲֻǾ߶죬һһķϲģܹסЩ𣿡ǴЦ˵
Ȼŵһ죬ʵǿ߳һĸ֣Ҳɵ
ŷ磬֪۳Ѳ˼ϣܹʿɶֹǾʿĲѪ磬Ҳǵ鷳˴ˣҪǴˣѪ磬ʧ𡣡Ѫʿڣŷ˵
ΪԼ仰ܹ򶯹ŷ硣
ʵϳΪߣǴˣŷĿĵʲôǶǳҲûŷĴ㣬ֻҪܹȥùŷ粻Ҫ档
ҸıעˣҪΪۣǶҪǹŷһ뿪һʱ֮󣬵õһ˵ָ㣬ľ
ȻҪ۳ѲǾĳѲһۡ
ʲôѪλȫסˣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ۵Ĵ㣬ֻʵ
ǾòܣǿŷɫʱȴãŷҲ뷨
ǿ⡣ʣв֪ǳĹŷ磬Ƕԥ


1632 Ѫʼ
ΪĹ˹ŷĴ㣬׼ʮֵĳ֡ʣùŷɵѾ㹻ˣ˵¾Ҫ۵ĹŷߣǾȫˡ
ԣɫÿ
ѪʸһҪĳ嶯ɫѿվԥ
Ǻ;֮䣬ǺȻ
Ļ鷳ŷӣҪ֣̤ƽѪ硣к֣δܹסôǿߡ
Ƕʮʱ俼ǡŷ翪ڣޱߡ
ʮһǿĹŽˣȻѪЩߣԴð֪ôˡ
ǿ
ûлأѪʵ
ŷ翪ڣϣһԥûС˵ĺףûлأһ㶼ûС
Ѫɫѿ̬ò
ڴʱǶͻȻһѪǶʱ¶һĨϲɫ
ŷ磬ҪǳҲУóӦʵѪʿڣͻȻʲôһȻһɵĸо
˵ŷ˵
һˣܹΪۣҵûʲôͬģʱһѪ˵
˶Щȣ֮УǿĲνȦӵЩˣǳҲԲѹƹŷ磬ѪҪʲôˣ
С
ŷֱӴӦûһԥ
Сթ۴ѹŷע⡣
ŷ΢΢ͷѷİɣ֪Ҫʲô
ŷһгӣһ˵ͷȻ˵ˡ
ѪˣվһߣһĤݣȻ󺰵ʼ档
ʼ棬һ֣˶𾪡ʼ棬ƺɲ㺰ãһȺĴʼߣһҪǼǿǸС
Ѫʼ棬һǳµˡĳֵĻŷ벻֣Ϊ˵ǵٵʵǿߣֻһ㣬޵֣Ϊˡ
ˣȻۣȴԽаۡ
ŷ絹ɫδ䣬貣ʥޱȣǸڿһӳ֡
һӰ֣ԶѪУʵϢŨ޾ϣѪվĽ£Ȼ䣬ȴͬˡ
Ѫʼ棬һߡ
·ˣȫڻǴʼ棬һӡȻѪǣĤݣΰԼʼ档
Ѫʣһߡ
ƽŹŷ磬Ȼ̲ס̾һԹӢ۳꣬ʵ˾̾
Ҳֻ״̬Ҫңÿ𣿡ŷʡ
ŷĻѪ˶ŭĿӣһбȽϼҵˣڶ˵ŷ粻Ϊӡ
ǾԼʼˣŷ粻ֻһ󱲣θԼʼ棬е̫ˡ
ŷ粻˵Ѫȴ̾ϢδֻһսվҲսһΰɡ
ѪʵĻѪסˣ죬һ׹ŷΪʲô˵ˡǹŷֻԼʼ棬ȫʢ״̬
Ǵŷ񣬼ֱڿһ춼Уŷʵ״ﵽһʲô磬޷
۵ʵȫںϣŷԵ÷ǳĪ⣬ʹǣ޷̽ŷǳ
Ѫʵ϶ܿһЩģϾѪȻֻһΪ߾ľأܵһͨĻԴ
ְɡŷ˵ﲻȴѪʶ֡һ㶼Ҫըëˣŷ񣬳˰ԹŷܲܵסѪǲ֪ȴһսನܲסҪ꼰Ȼ
ûôģ뵽ɫӰԹˡ
ŷһ㱻Ÿһˣݺݵĵ˾һۣɫ
㲻ǺŰѪЩЦɫֿɬʵ̫ˡ
ȥúһ£㻹ǳְɣҸʱ䡣ŷ˵뵢
ŷĻѪʵͷӦˡ
һ䣬̱ˣͬһѪħʸգޱȣǿɱ⣬˺죬ԶźδˣΪ߾ľǿƣȻֻһҲͬ£һ鶼𾪡
ŷߵǿߣڻɣŷܷսǿߣϾԷʵ̫¡
ŷɫ䣬ͷŽɫʥ⣬еѪʵϢ
ܵһ㣬ʮ콫̲סߺ޵С


1633 Ѫ
ǿ󡣡Ѫ˵Ϣ죬ʱȴϿɹŷʵһС
֮ǰȻܵŷǿ󣬵ֻǵս߾ľ磬ϻʵ˵ʤҲ࣬ǴʱȴãŷδؾԼеô򵥡
ְѪѾ㹻ֲˡ
ɱ
Ѫʳ֣죬ûȥ
ŷֱӳ˳ȥûų룬ͷʵ㣬ûдﵽĻ߾磬ǵУһöûеģһսĻɱ
ŷ֣һֻֻĥһ㣬

ײɫѪɫ춯ء
˵ˣŶԷȫܹԷеء
ѪɫأǶˣŷʵʼķһĴʤδ֡
ԣʼ沢ֹۣΪǷȱٱԴ֧֣ʵ۷״ֲ̬˶á
ѪתѪ⻯콣
ŷ̧֣콣Ӳȭ죬ȭͷײ콣棬Ľڴһ
ˡ
ŷ翪ڣ콣Хһ¾ɨ
µ𶯣쵹תѪĴǶըˡɫѪ󣬼ӳ¾񣬷µܡ
磬ĩգ鶼Ȼ¶־ɫĺԼ类ˣʱΪߵ飬ѣһЩΪܵ͵飬ֻ
ȻŷѪʣ鷢ġʶĽЩУƻ硣
Ѫ졣
ѪʴгһѪ񣬻һ
пµתѹŷ磬ڲǱѹһ
Ѫʽ
ѪٴŭһԪһѵѪĳŷնȥ
Ѫʽ֮һжǱһС
ŷһ֪һֿµͨǧܱС忪ʼ⣬ɫѪȥ档
ֿܵµϣȫڲҪȥһ
䡣
ŷ巢⣬籡޾ֱ˳üһ˸Ȼ罣ɱ춯أѪʽײһ
ѳȫ飬罣֮޸һ⣬ûŷüġ
Ѫɫأδ뵽ŷ羹ȻܹӲѪʽʹ۷壬ҲӦ÷顣
ѪʽǿԽɱеĶ

ѪʴȣٴʩչѪʽ
µϢٴһȡһоԪ
ȻĺԶŷ綼ܵˣɫأŶԷü罣ٴηɳȥѪʽײ
һ죬ͬʱ顣
ŷûֱ֣ͣӳ˳ȥȭɱ
ֻغֻصȻ꾭Ѫ΢΢һһʱ䣬Ѫʱ֪鷳ˡ
ŷֻأֱӺɱɫ
Ѫܡ
Ѫʴ𣬻һƣҪסŷһ
ǣֻѪײѪֱӱ飬ѪʱУǱȻڷٵȥ
˶̲סɫʲôȻܹһߵȻһ߷ҲӦ÷顣
ܡ
ѪŭҪѾˣֻ𶯣޾ɱ籡ȥû
һ̣Ѫʱ飬ɱû
Ѫ˶סˣսܣŷɱȻֻһȻߣһ쳤Хĳ嶯
ɱ棬ɱ㡣һŷ֡
ĳ֣ʿȫ
ߡ
ŷһЩǿߣȫͬ½һģաֻһǿߣΡΡֳ嵽˹ŷǰ
ȻˣҲܵ˺ߣԼͨҪɱŷ硣
ֻͨڹŷ翴ʵе޷˺
ŷ絭ҡͷĵָԷɳȥǲû
ѪɫѿݺݵĶŹŷ磬һҪ˵ı顣
䲻𣿡ŷ翪ڣ󣬵ȴѪ鶼һԼǿ˵䲻𣬵ԼչսӦ飬޷ڡ
ԹŷĻ֮ȫĬ
ŷ磬ɱ棬ǾƴҪΪ汨𡣡һѪղžͱŷˣȻܼᶨ
һ磬ԼأǾԵģûκ⡣
ŷ翴һۣ¶һĨЦݣ˵ʲôʱɱˣһȻɱˣԱҲûӰ죬Ϊ𣿡


1634 Ϊ
˻һѪȫһŷ磬ȡ
ʼǵУͬһ㣬ȻһҲԸԼʼ
ԣղǲŻôķӦŷ˵Լʼδʱǳ˼
һģӰ֣ŷ֣עǵӰС
ǵӰϢģһǿϢѪʡ
˹ŷһۣ΢΢ͷη㵱Ϊۡ
ϿɹŷʵˣϿǡ
ѪʵĻ˶Ѫ飬ֻܹһʵΪԼʼ涼ϿˣǾǷҲûκ塣ʼڻ죬ǹŷĶ֣һϣûãҹŷҲǿߣֻܹεĤۡ
ݼۡǴ
ŷͷϾ쳵뿪
ֱŷ뿪֮Ѫ飬̲סһ
ѪΧ£ȥѯѪûʲô顣
ֻһˣȻǱɱҲʲôġѪЦ˵Ǻ⣬Լֻһˡ
Ǹŷ̫ˡѪǸ̾
ѪʿһۣȻ˵ԺҪۣȻѾϿ˹ŷ۵ݣҪء
ѪɵۣΪѪͬ⣬ҲֻǱϵģĿ϶ȴԼˣѪʾȻǷǳϿɹŷݣȫġ
ŷûе߾磬ܹΪۣѪ̲סʵ
ѪЦ˵ѵֻл߲ܹΪ𣿹ŷ粻ǻߣȴгԽսȻ޵УһΪۣö𣿡
߷㶣ͻȻʶԼɵ콾ǳɳǹŷˣһѾɳ콾𣿶֮еˣһ̤߾磬Ҳ̵ʶ۵ʸǾǳҲûʲôõġ
ΨһŲģйһЩ϶ֻȺеǰԵ÷ǳ΢ġ
ףȫڵͷ
ŷͷˣϱǸսѪҺĹս޵еۣˣˣɳһ£Ժͻףľһ󣬸
ѪȻҲףЩûǹŷǡ
ˣһηսܵʵ̫ˣǹŷ֣ѾɢˣҪȥȡָսѪʿڣȻ뿪
֪Լ⼸ˣп϶Ӧô
ŷ뿪ĹŽ硣˶ףŷȻѪ߳һѲǾǱʾѪ϶ǳˣ߱ŷˡ
һֿܣ˹ŷǿʵ
ļ磬һȫǺףԼʵѪ磬ܵסݵǿߣǸûԵ˼˭ֻۣҪ˺ǣǾ㹻ˡ
쳵գʱĹŷ磬ӵʥˣôĹŽϣùŷһ۵Ŀϣɨ˹ȥ̲ܶסҪڵϡ
µϢһŽ硣
һȺȺǿߺգŹŷ磬ĿдһĨ⡣
ŷ磬ħʲô۳ѲħӦûйϵ㲻Ҫ㲻״һߣǳ⣬Թỵ̂ʮ㡣
ħ磬һµ壬иֻ֣ǺϱˣȻˣȻܿ£ʵȻ
ԣԹŷǿƣǵʮ㣬Źŷ磬һİȻ
ħ˱ֵĺףҪǲܵģʵڲУǾͿս
۳Ѳ糼ҪۣǲԸ⣿ŷ絭˵ûκŭ⣬ƽŶԷɫдһĨĮ
ħǿߴЦǿŷڿһһ
ǾãŷֱǷˣȻҪǳֱе㲻֪ν
Ը⡣ħǿ˵
۳Ѳţȫ̤ƽŷ翪ڣĮȴһִϡ
Ϊսԭ򣬹ŷʱ򣬾ͻᱬôħ統ԾݣдԹŷħ磬һֱû̫ĺøС
ƾ㣿
ħһ߿ڣʵǿϢ죬ڻ߶죬¡
ŷ񣬷ǳм˱ģŷ粻ֻһȻսǿһ㣬ҪۣҲǲܵġǲмЦŷ磬ΪȻ
ˡһͳ𣬹ս֣ǳǡ


1635 ħ
Ȼ˾Ůӣףɣ˵նĺܳڳ
ĳ֣ûֹסħ˵ͷȻЦ˳ȻδսУͲһ¡
ùŷЩ֣֪սħУλǳߣԲִܵġ
ڣЩ˾ȻԴսȻЩ
ЦûУսʵ
ɫ䣬Ů¶ŭɫɫ䣬ϱµɱ⡣
仰Щ˲ֹסЦݣһվЦ˵ս㻹ΪԼǰǸһݺħ֣ĸףѾ뿪û˻ٽ㵱¡


Ůǳ⣬ɫŭ
ڹսǷǳǸڻߣ˵ղ˵ʲôɫƽȴһּĸо
ȻǸߣҲһ뵽Լôˣ̲סЦ˳˵˵һ֡
ۡ
Ļ䣬սֱ֣һǰĺɳȥ߻ԡѪһ飬Թڹսϣŭһ֣Ȼң
һִֻ£ͬһḥ̂ѹȥ
ۡ
߸ûпֱӱ飬
˶סˣǽĿŷ磬ղųֵ˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
ŷ磬ɱħߣһ߳ǳ⣬ʵҪˣǿ󣬴ʱŹŷ磬ŭ
һѣС棬ŷ翪ڣƽȴ˵ļᶨ
С棬ǳƺսģѾսϿɣع˹żңձ֡ŷ纹սһС棬һʲôӦõ顣
ս˹ŷһۣ˲١
ʲôС棿ǹս˽ӣ˵㸸ףŹżң֣սͲϡǸǿĻ߶쿪ڣɫмս񣬸ǳ˷̡
˸ղŵĽѵˡŷҡͷе˾ǲԡ
ŷĻԷһ㶣ղѾһߣŷǻɱˡģΪԼʵ㹻ǿ󣬸¹ŷǵĹ
ڻʵܴš
ƵĶŹŷˣϣŷǳ֣ʱԽѵˣΪħԼ硣
֪ŷղսһĴڣͲ֪ô
ûκηϻŷֱӳ֣ѹԷ
ɫĴ֣ɣҪһ񷶼ˣʿɫǷӴܡ
޲𹥻ǱУ´󲿷ֵ˶ҪֻˣŭǸ߶Ϊǰ棬ŷĴ֡
µߣȫɳȥǻѣڽѪֻһײǱ㱻ˣ͵סŷĹ
ʱǸ߶ĻߣԼĿЦˣȻһѹɹŷ͹սˣڿһɵơ
һŷ磬һϣǶ֣ŷʵʵ̫ǿˡ
һ̣սҲ֣Ǹ߶죬ɱȻҪɱԷ
ʱɫǶˣһιսǶɱرǸ߶ļһǻš
õ̡Ǹ߶ļһ֪ԼѾΣյĵزˡ
ʵϣħȻǿҲֻˣڱŷɱһֻˡֻǺܿϧߣǹŷĶ֣ڹսҲ֣ǺܹϣҪõ̡
˫ӡǿϢ֣һŮȫɢſµϢŷһ۱㿴˳ҲǷʵѪѪ൱
һ֣һ˱ֱ֣ɱս
ȻûпԼҪ˭ĻԲľٶ
мǸŮӻߣͻȻһȻ󺰵ס֡
סǸߵĹʱ򣬹սֱӳ֣Ǹ߶ϣɳȥ
ֻ˵ķӦҲǷǳ죬Ȼִ֮£ס˹սһ
սҪ֣ǸŮӺսס֡
ҪɱĹսֱס֣üͷŮʣ˵ĸףҡ
ŷվһߣеĲ²⣬ֱӱ֤ʵˣŮӲǱˣǹսĸס
ŷһ㶼⣬ΪҲ֪սħУһǳǿƵŮʣŮӣȻܷҲֻˣܹϹս


1636 Ůʥ
𣿡սĸ׿ڣǸ߶죬ʵ
ģһжһᣬҺ͹սֻǷһЩڽǣŮʥԭ¡ڣԹսĸףһ㶼Ҳ
ͬ˵ǹսĸײڣҲԴս
Ůʥ֣Ƕʱˣ˵ᡣ
Ůʥü¶һĨЦǵ˼ұ»ӽ쿪ʼħߣҶӹս˭Ҳҡ
˻һħ鶼ˡû뵽ŮʥʾȻħߵλãֱӸ˹ս
Щ𾪣Ȼг˲Ը⡣ǿսѪûʸǵߡ
ɡ˴
㲻һʱŮʥתֱը飬
ƣľս
߱ҪڣǴʱȴһ仰˵ҲǿŮʥʶɱ⣬ΪǵԭĿڵĻŮʥҪɱǡ
ħ֮УŮʥǿƣȻʼ棬ȴʼ档
ǶǻʵĴڣʵǿᵽ˼㡣ʹֻǷҲܹɱ֪ٱġ
˭Ůʥ˵ǿޱȣľûʹǿߡ
ħʼ档ֻŮʥ֮ϡ
ֻǿǵ˼ȻĬˡ
ħ飬ȫսսŹսδƿ𣿺ܶ뵽ղ˵ĻǿЦ֪ͲԴսˡ
û˲Ϊû˸Ҳ
ĸףλҲҪսڣ˶һ
ŮʥתսУһĨɫ˵ΪʲôȻЩ⣬ħƿߣ˵ӰȻ廹оһҲ㹻ǿԶ
ǳΪħƿߣ˵һ磬˭ҪηǴʱսܾˣ˵ϡ
ʵϣҲŮʥΪŵ·Ϊħƿߡ
һع˹żҡս˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦݡ
Ůʥʵɫסˣع˹żңֻ֪ɲ˵˵ġҲףսһֱȻԼĸףʵϣһֱҪõԼϿɣعӦԼļ塣
ֻǣŮʥʴû뵽Ȼгһ졣˽սȻǰԸùսع飬ǾͿ϶ûϣп϶ʲô顣
ô£Ůʥʵ
ս˵һ飬Ůʥ֮󣬳Ĭһ£֮ų̾һлġ
ʵϣ˶һ㣬ϾԹսԸʵͬ⣬ǹô˵սҲܻعġȻڷԣʵѾĬˡ
κ͹ŷǣǾҪʱ͸оˣץס˻ᣬùսع顣
ʵϣսع飬ǹż˵Ҳһֲ䣬ֶһ֣ûи߽׻ߵʱǾĻʣ³
սʵɲ⡣
սû˵ҲġʵϣһιսδɱѾоˡ
սǺεھѪά˼㣬һˣ´ʱ򣬾ȻδɱⱾһı֡
ףûиĻѾˡѪŨˮ˵˵ѣֳˡ
ˣȻ㲻Ըħƿߵλãյ飬޹ˣ˵һߡŮʥʵɫͻȻĿתƵŷϡ
սĺˣǣʱǳֻǲ֪ûǸʵΪۡŮʥʿڣĮ
ħŮʥʣҪάħ档·ӦһЩǲӦġ
ԡŷЦ˵
ܿƺԷΪ档ΪԷǹսŮˣãòء
ǺǣҲûãߣɨ£һϣûɣŮʥʿڣһЦ⣬ùŷһ顣
ĴڣŮʥʸӲ򵥣ȻҪһʵе̫ˡ
Ȼ֪ܲǶ֣ǻҪһ¡ŷ˵˶ÿĴֶţγһֳ򣬸һСĻµǿ棬Խħˡ
ŷƽƣתſµϢһۣкɨµǡϵ棬Χɢ𶯣ԭʼ֮
ֻأתӵпµΰ
λְɡŷ翪ڣǳ֡
Ůʥʺԥһָ֡ƣһ쵶ն


1637 
Լ֮䣬ŷ翴Ůʥʵı壬һֻ޴ޱȵЫӡզ࣬Щ𾪣սʼĿζȻأȻЫӾҪ
Ȼŷֻаһ£˵ǾǴ󲻾ˡ
ŮʥʵĹŷ粻ҵͬһֻն˸Ų⡣쵶ײһ

һ죬ŷ絹ˣɫЩأԷǿƣȻڻ죬ǺѪȣȻǿ˲١
һ̣ħʼҲˣһ˴һͷ̷˹ȥͬɫһ㣬أѹ¡
һʼ治ǳͬ˫ֽӡһͷͻ£Ȼһͷ׻ֻǱ˫ᣬ֮ƣϽӾ죬ڤޱȡ
׻ķеһ֣ǿޱȣʱ˳绢ӿֲ
ŷֱٻ罣ɱȥ
ɫӱضϣһ̣ŷһȥս׻
ֳ罣ɴСɨ׻ɱһսʣޱȣʥⴹ䣬ÿһƶܹɱһ
Ůʥ¶ȵɫȻķ֣Լǵ͹˹ŷʵ
ӡ޾תȫһīɫϢڹŷϡ
ǻߵĶأȻŷɫܵԼڱʴ
ŷһѪһ㣬硣貣ϢʥޱȣȻֶھ
һĻŮʥЩȡ
ħ׻ʼ¶ȵɫ˫սһѳ֣˸ĺ⣬ŷնȥ
ǿµĻħ׻ʼԼƵġ
ŷɫأҵ罣նײ
һ̣罣飬ŷ粢⣬һ罣ٴγͣԷս
ɱ
һħʼɱ˹ָΣըеȫŷϺȥ
ҵܹһУܣȻĴ棬Ҳǳ¡
ŷɫأǰֻأϵ棬һסȻŷ翪ڴȣڿ졣ȣֻ֮ʣƽ
ŷǸħʼ棬ֱӳ˹ȥ
˽սѪɽǸħʼġѹŴ򣬸ǹŷĶ֡
ҽս޵УôҵĶ֡ŷЦָ£һ쵶ֱǸħʼİ顣ٷһţԷɳȥ֮ը
ħ龪ǿǵʼ氡ȻֻһҲлսȻˡһʼ棬Χŷһ˵£ǻԼΡ
ܣһǿˡЩҡͷĲš
޵еʼλܣһǻ󡣡
϶ǴҶΡһħ˵ԼΡΪǲεĻܿһĻ
һԼʼŭǸŷ˵Ļ߳ХһҶǵһŷն˹ȥ
Ǹ׻ʼҲһХһɨ£Ҫһ㡣
ŮʥҲû飬һһЫβŷ綤˹ȥ浹˸ţȻҪ¡
ŷɫأߵĹҵ
߳Լһվڹȥһվδһ֣ͬͬʱӲˡ
˶ˣµȫûȻǻ߶޷е׷ʲô顣
ֻ޾Ĺоÿһⶼ쳣£ʹһһ죬ĻҲᱻشпնɱ
˵ʵ̫ǿˣԶԶԽڳˡ
ãĹâƽϢΰʱʧһ
ŷȻˣһִϣʱӵĺˣ˼̲סĤݵĳ嶯
һĻ˶һ߰ˣǹŷĶ֣е̫˰ɡȻǵʵ۷壬죬ȻǹŷĶ֣е˲š
ȻΪŮʥʸ̾ŷ֮УһĨ̾һĨ䡣
뵱꣬սҲˣǿޱȣǿ˫ֱӽΪ֮ġڹŷϣ˹սӰӣԲп
ʼʼ棬ң治ҪΪϲʼ棬˵Ϊʼôǿģ˹ŷԼŬŷǲԸġŷ٩
˹ŷһۣŮʥɫЩ죬ǳСҵЦҿ
ŷЦһ㶼Ůʥʵĺǳ⡣
սҲɫŹ֣м䵽ڣûпԼĸģȻе㲻˼ֱӶɳˡ


1638 ͭ
սˣ鴫ŷӮǣľΪ̷ۡʼ濪ڣ˵Լ֣ľߣͷǰȴ˲֪
ʵ磬ԳۣħͬΪۡ׻ʼ濪ڣŹŷ磬˵ʵҷǳսʱҲòĺˣһԼʵҲԶҵȡ
սŮʥʵ
ŷ籾ѾɻˣŮʥʵ⣬ˣ̲סʵսʼ棬عĵߣȫսѵû𣿡
ŷĻŮʥ¶ϲɫɫ̲סʵûƭң
ûСŷͷ¶ɻ󣺡ѵʼ֮䣬δ棬Ļô᲻֪ѾȥǸط
ǹŷɻ֮Ƕһطȴ֪ⲻ
ϾǲǷˣĶǻ߾죬ֻҪй¶һϢܹܵԷ
ŷĻŮʥʿЦս̫ˡÿ춼ԡѪƴɱսޱȣڻ˵ܹȻҲδܹ
ŷһĲҳ̶ȣǿͬ߾죬˵ս̫ˣ֪ˡ
Ǻúȡиǿߣ̤սֲ֧˶೤ʱ䡣˹ŷһۣŮʥ˵
ס
ŷͷҪ̤һƬսǲڣǽĳһ죬ȻɨеУ׽鷳
ðǻָˡŮʥʿ˹ŷһۣ˵
ŷɫһ̲࣬סԹģҳ֣򲻹ңȻҰָôôడ
ŷĻ̲ܶסһ㶣Ц
Ƿ֣Ȼǹŷ˵һˣҪԷָ塣˭ϣҲЩơ
Ůʥʵݺ⣬ǹսŮˣʹֱôʱ䣬սҲʲôû˵ҲǲģԹŷҲûа취ѵء
ǹŷ绹ǳˡ⽫ûܶһʱ䣬˻ָ֮ǰǿ󣬱Ѫʸӳס
ΪŮʥʵԭ򣬹ŷһ˷Ԫû壬ģ˲ԼԴ˵ԺҲˣֱˡ
һӰߣָеŷҲЩܲˣָħ磬ԪŨ˲ʮ֮һ
˶ȻӴԪһ˵УǶôĿ¡
Ůʥŷ񣬾ڿһһǴûмܹˡ
ȻĵĺôҲ㹻ˣòꡣ֪ŷսΪʲôôǿˣֱܳܺȰ
ŷ绹ǳԱһһãȻ¶һĨЦݣ˵ˣҸˡ
ۡŮʥʿڣϿɹŷݡ
ѾˣȻҲӣۡ
ŷһָоԼǸλãӵĽӽˡһ磬Ĳ̤ǰһ
߳ħ磬ŷƸ۳Ѳ˷һƣ˶Ĥݣߺۡ
һЩȽĹŽ磬ǲҲӣΪ̫ǿˡ
⻪תǽһƬ磬ͭ磬ҲǾݵĸӹŷǽ֮ͭ磬Ȼһ鶼ûС
ŷüͷһ֪鲻򵥡
һŽ磬Ȼû飬Ȼʲô׼ͭ˵Լˣ룬ǾǨ㣬ǲȻĻͭĳЩ˴ͨãҪ壬Χɱǡ
ߡ
ŷ翪ڣףء
Ҫ뿪ֻҪĻԷ϶֡
ߣһаа֣ɫᣬŹŷ磬һĨмЦݡ
۳ѲôǣΪֹɡаЦǰ·棬Ȼֻһˣȴ㹻ǿ˾
ǸȦеˣʹҲޣԵ÷ǳǿƣŹŷˣһ޿ֵӡ
°ܽŷЦ
ǲ㣬Ҳδ޵еģ֪ɻܻ죬ս޵Саӡ
ɵƣÿ
ǴЩͷһֱӳ֣ɱа
аЦ֣ͬǴۼս
Щλָۣ֮£˾޴ı仯ȻǴһ죬ʵѾͬնˡ
ȻˣаҲסǴۣǿƳǴ۾Ȼ·硣
˶гԾǸȦеˣȻ


1639 սƽа
Ǵ۳֣һſŴתѹ磬ǳͣ¡
Ǵŭǳȫаû
аЦݺһſŴը飬ȫƣ磬ָ絶һӣǴ۵ϡ
ۡ
һѪ˳ǴһըɫŶԷдһĨ⡣
ҵѪô𣿴۲衣ǴЦ˺ȻУЩѪһſŲǳͷųµĹ⣬ȥ
һѪһǳһʮſţһֲĴѹԷ
аЩֲ쳤ХаϢ죬Ȼ֣
󷢹⣬ͷųµѹǹȥ
ۡ
аһֻը飬Ӳ֮ը
һü֮У߳һµа񣬻һ̯ѪȻ˳ȥд
ȫը飬ʮſŴǣһû
Ѫ⣬ǸС˲ҽУͬʱҲ⣬ѹѪѪѹƣǸСҲСһȦԿܵ˺ܴˡ
аȫڴЦ˳ȥһֻ£Ǵ۵İ塣
Ǵ۵ˣ޸ǿԿóˣȫʢʱڡǴȴЦһ죬սƽǸȦеˣҲ԰ˡ
Щ˶Ϊǿ콾һ𣬳ʱһܹܻߺ͵һ졣
˶ˣ˵ƽˣˡǴ֪ԼĿռ䣬ʱδ׷Щν
аȻǴۣҲףԼδԶԷʲôˡңݺս˴̶ȣһ衣
һȻδ˵ǿԿаɫܲÿ
սƽһۣ˵һ衣
а̫ûˡһ٩һʵǿ꣬ûʶǿ뵽ǸȦеˡ
ҫۣȻɫһаϢʥͬһֹʥʽ٣Ϣˡ
Ҫ㣬жԶԶĻһʦܻ֡аЦ˵
ɫһ䣬¶һĨݡ
ԼʦΪɵˡѳʦţȻʦ˵ɱҲ˵ҪԼǰȻĻұ֤᲻֡
֪ԼʦпܻĻ
תȥҪ뿪
һȴס˹ϴһĨЦùҫҡ
ʦ֡ɬ
ǹ࣬Ź¶һĨЦ
ɫѿͣĺˣ¼˹һ㡣
ֻ࣬Ҫģսѣα˶ԴءаЦ˵ǲɵࡣ
аһۣа˵ĲһҾԺҳҵǰĻͲʲôùӳˡ
һȻ಻㶯֣ͷˣԺжԶͶԶ
ŷ쳵棬ǣһֻǴ۵ϣתǴƻָ
ҽɣرΪ˸ҽɣûʲôƣܹѵסŷˡ
һۣŷ絭˵ֹûУ
ϣͬڷޱȣһҪݷĸо
ŷ磬ҪۣǿѵΪԼǷʵ𣿡ǳŷ磬Ŀ䣬ڹŷϣһĨм
ôϻЩ˶ɣս֪նǣһ򾡡ŷƽ˵ʮ㣬ˣ˵Ļ
̲סЦڳŷ˵һ
Լϵ˶ˣжԸ֪Լ֪ǾһֲĸŷȻǿҲǶ֡
ԣŷĻоЦǾùŷеͷˣֲøҳء
ˡ
಻м˵
ΪԼܹңܹˣǸȦУҲǿߣܹҵˣаЦ˵
Ȼ˵ûκβ˼ɫΪܹǸȦӣȻҲǼҫġοʵǸȦУȻ˵Ҳеġ
ãŷΪʲôôţΪԼԭ
ò˵аԼ̫ҪˣֱùŷһЦĸо
׳աùŷ翪ڣǴ۱һ䡣
ŷʵޱȣĴڣаʵǿҲ£ŷܹܡ
ڿа˵⣬ֻ˺ܻ޳ܡ
˵ʲôаŭ
Ǵ۲˵ˣ


1640 
ˣȻǲԸЩ˳Ǿɡŷ˵īȥ
һֻ£ɱˡ
أסˣֱӸ޾𶯣һɱ䡣
һֿµľɱ֯һͬǺһ財
ǱɫŷһǾ֪ԼԲǹŷĶ֣̫ǿˣԶԶԽǣǿԿġ
ʦ
ʵǿͷųԼȫŷĹͬںȣΪ֪ԼܵסŷĹ
ͷһʦǸҲ
һֻ䣬лƣͨƣȫܿ£ŷײһ
ֻͨȫը飬Ȼ˻ȥ
ŷ۾ǸЩȵ˵ء
ǵϢһξ߹ҫһ뵽͹֣ŷףҲصĵӡ
Щȣ˵ҫǹ͹ˣ㹻ǿǿƵľˣû뵽ؾȻ̳ͣĵӣͬһ㡣
ʵϣŷһУҲֻйһս
ţȻǹŷĵӣʵϣǺ͹ŷһʱˣϸ˵ǹŷһ
س֣ɣûһУͬʱлƣݡصĳ֣˶ܵһɿµѹ
ŷɫ΢΢ЩأԿصòһɫЩ԰׵꣬һ˫ӣޱȣڹŷϣѹ
һܿµˣʵǿᣬͬҲ㡣
ŷ磬ּˡؿڣŷ֣Įȴһϣ˲С
粻ΪҪˡŷ쳵棬Ŀڣһۣ½ǵˡ
˵˵ǳ⡣
ҲͬǶŹŷ磬гɱ⡣
ȻѳʦţǹҲǺάԼʦ𡣵ѳԭģԼʦǷǳصġ
ʹ֪ԼʦԼпܻɱԼȻάάԼʦ
ؿ˹һۣ΢΢̾Ϣ
϶ֹһ˶ɡŷ˵Ӧ˵ĴڣǸ֡
ŴǿǶҫĩβصľŸͽܡ
ǳ֣ȫ貣졣˶ܹһУͬǿ󣬿졣
Ƕصĵӣʶһ㣬ŷǶ¶𾪵ɫ
ĵӣһ԰ˣСĹҫԺ磬˾ηͬһ㡣
Щ˻ŷҡͷǺ⡣
һ̣ȣƷ֣ɫȻŹŷ磬ɱʮ㡣
Ҳˣһһ߳Ե÷ǳȻֻϵϢͬ˲ӡ
ߴ۳֣Źŷ磬Ҫһ
ߣҲ̫޳ˣһιŷ㣬㾹Ȼҳ֣Ǵŭȣߴ۵г˱ġ
۲ƽϣûɱ㣬ǵжһξȻҳ֣ҪľҲĮ˵ɱȻ
Ϊʹ죬Ц˵
ߴЦӲмŮˣȻ˵£ҪǣûˣŷһңԼٴȱҪңǿҿĺұΪҪնɱ
׳ա
Ǵֱӱˣ֣ǹŷĶ֣ڹŷʵ֪ȵǿ˶ٱߴ۾ȻҪɱֱ̫Цˡ
ܱЩǿߴЦһ㶼Ǵۡ
Ǵ۱ĹǺһֱӳ֡סֳ嶯ΪǱǿߣһҪֵĻ϶д鷳
ǴۿɲΪԼǽֻУܹҴ
ӦòֹЩˡŷ絭˵
ҡͭ۳֣ɫ
ŷ磬û뵽ɣһ磬ֻΪɱѡͭЦ
ŷ翴һۣ⡣
ﳹգûκζͭ۵ͷӦʣͲܡۣͭ϶֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ڤʡʡʡʥʣȫ֣ŷдһĨɱ
Ҹоˡŷ˵
һ֣һӰ֣Ƕ죬ס˹ŷһҲˣŷǳ˾ȡ
ֻЩˣŷʵ
ֻЩ˵Ļδܹסǡ
ʮ߳£һĻߣ˵㳲ˡ
ŷɫ䣬ͻȻüͷһ򣬵Ҳˡ


1641 Ӿ
ǵǣ¶һĨЦ
ݵǿߣŹŷĿ˹ȥ˵ʱɫࡣΪ˲Ǳˣǰˡ
;һЩȻżСĦǻϻǱȽѺõģΪйͬĵˡ
ʱȴ֣˹ŷǰ·ϡ
ҰӣߣȫǰеǿߣѪ죬Źŷ磬۾к˸
;֮䣬ǵˣԵǲԸ㣬ҾԲܿΪۣǰҪҪΪ壬ֲ֪Ҫƶ೤¡Ұ˵
ŷҡͷû뵽ִȻأҪΪ塣
ɡŷ˵
ҰǸΣͬ˵һ֮䣬ѡ
𣿡ŷʵ
׼ˣЩˡ
ŷ磬־ܰɣǲսʤô˵ģ֪кܶѣϵĲ࣬ʵ̫ˡؿڣ¡¡ڴŷǵơ
ŷϣ¶һĨмЦݣ˵˶𣿡
ǡص˵
Լߵĸ̫ˣԼԶŷˡ
Ǻǡ
ŷЦ͸һɲм
ΪȦҪˣȴû뵽ֻЩˡеûдﵽŷԤڣԣӲˡ
ǰȥŷ˵һս
á
ŷֱӴӦصʵ̫ǿˣ˵һܴвҪȻء
ˣԹŷĵʵĸ֣ûʲôơ
˶ţһ̣Ǳ㷢ײ
ָ޾ͨգȫܿ£ײһȻ﷢ըһ𣬲һ㵹ɳȥ
ŷ֮У𺳡
ֻһν֣ܵŷʵɲ⡣ֿµսһ춯ء
޵еأһͷԼҲǹŷĶ֡
ͷԼо𾪣ʲôʱͱսֻһ֣ԼԷ
أ˫ӡһ⣬ᴩŽ񣬶
ǲ綼ڱԭʼɱ⣬һͨǳ£ԻһС
ŷȻҵֱһְֻ£ֻأסǸԭʼɱ⡣
ϵ𶯣ֱһƬɱ⡣
һ̣ŷ֣¾춯أ޾ħʬоȻлʵϢ֡ȻʵķչŷʩչҲӵľˣȻĴߵĲ
ǺȻŹŷڿһһ
ɫأʥ貣պգȻŸ̫ͷϣȫѹ
̫һǳлʼĲСŷ⣬̫ıʡ
¶ȵɫ⾹ȻǾŸʬ壬ȫǻʼģʱɢſµĲɴѹ
ͨƿֲ
Ÿڻߵʬ壬ǰǷ죬ȴնɱΪصķͨӵпµܡ
ŷûԥ罣նȥһУŸ̫С
ݺᣬշ⣬ݺһҪȥ
ŷ罣ۺסգǳ֡
ɱ
һĻزżһۣȻ˵
ҪֵźţЩȫɱȥһϢ죬۴ǿɫأԴ
Էʵ̫ǿˣǴɫأȫȫʵ
ŷüͷһ壬˹ȥ
ʱЦ֪żˣˣ۳ѲҪʧܣҲҪʮ㣬ĹŷǷ̡
˵̫ˣ֡ŷȡ
رɫڴʱһµϢ
Ϊ׵һˣԯ죬һֻ£һ߻ˣȻٴγ֣һѪɳȥ
ͷգһŮӳ֣òޣͷػ£ӹһǿߡ
ȸʱ͹ŷһ˽ܣЩһֱڹŷĺУʱһγ֣Ǳʵȴ˲Ŀ
죬ȴԼս࣬һ㶼ڶԷ
һͷɫսϣʺʽסΣ˫ǹࡣ
˫֣ͣʩչΪ󽱵ֶΣѹߣ̧ͷ
ʷˣѾˣɱ
ʵȻˣҲ쳣Ǳϲͣ˺ۡ󽱣ˡ
ħŮգԪʥסߣյĹǺ
ۣҲˣ쳣ǿƣɨ֣˵
һӰûֳͣȻһնὫ롣
ӣҲˣһǿߣչֳԼķâ


1642 Ͻһħ
ǿҵķϢմأʥâɣŷţ֣ͣսصһӡ
Ůգͬǿƣס˼սʵȫܿ¡
żӾǳ֣Ǿ޴ģ˭Ҳ벻ŷĺ󹬣ȻӴ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ЦֻҲŷļˣԼӶ֣ûʲôˡ
ţΪȻˣͬռϷ硣
ţսļǿ߼ǣŷǡ
أǰһսԯ캰죬Ҫսء
˻һ˶ɫѵԯʵѾ𣿾Ҳüͷһ壬ԷʵĿԼǿܾ鷳ˡ
ֱӳ˹ȥսԯ죬ס
ͬʱλۣ߶ȥչҽ档
ʹˣҲ·磬ΪԷ̫ˡ
ǳ֣ȫ£ﻯһƬǺţֹ
һ̣ҰħɱȻݺ죬ӳԼϣЩ˳֣ǿ
ڣѪ񣬼ŷеĺѣˣɱ
ʽˣһ·磬Ȼ͹ŷ缤սɫȴ쳣ÿǵƲ̫ԣȴȷʵ·ˣԲһϢ
ǻ֡شϵǳˡ
ĺӰ֣һͷų񻪣Ƕӣ¶Цû̳֣صУһĨм
ǿͬأȻҲ˵һ죬û뵽һ˴Ц
ôʱ䣬ջûгɹԼȴ·磬ǿЦ˷̡
һˣȫǿµǿߡ£кһʣʵҲ˶١
˳֣ʹŷ綼̲סɫ䡣û뵽ԷȻ˶ĸ֡
ǿߣΧɱˡ
ǵı֣ǶЩǿԿǾһġ
ŷ磬û뵽ɣЦ
ŷһ£ˣȳһѪȻŷЦû뵽ûʲôΪֻ׼𣿡
ŷĻرɫ֪ܲˡ
ʵϢˣһ˳֣ذħھ֮ϣָǿߣǰ
Ͻһħʵ̫ˣոճɻûж೤ʱ䣬ʵȴɲ⣬ʱȻҪսˡ
ǿߣȫǿصĸ֣ԵĿ¡
Ȼŷ綼ãԼֵĶ֣һս֮±ذħȴǿƣֱӽսˡ
һɭȻ˵ɱȻ
ذħһЦħ죬һǿµһĻ֮УħƵһжڸǣ綼ڲһЩС磬һ顣
ǿߺȻǳ֣գڻħȻµͨɱذħ
ˡ
ذħһЦʹһֻ£̤
ǿߵͨĽײվȻıɡ
ħǿ߾
ɫЩţħǴ˵еħǿߣذħˡΪ޹أҪԺͻԵ⿿Ϊǲɹġ
ذħٴγ֣ХһħȻħ¡
ǿߣոоڣܿƣŬƽϢ㷢ذħɵħ
ǿ֣Ҫסذħ
ǵͨȫذħ壬ʧ
áȫɫ
ħ࣬һֶΣ޷κħʩչֶΣڵܿƣͲܡ
ֻذħǵϣȫɳȥը顣
ǿߣһ˲䱻شһ
ʲôرɫû뵽ֽ
ˣǺͬһطȴû뵽ȴвذħһˡ
ˡذħ˵
˳ȥһ˵ԪУֻĹ˸ֱӽԪˡ
һǿ߱ɱˣȫ˳ȥǻָذħг˼ɵ
ôܣȻǻߣҲܻħ㵽ʲôˣһʵ
ذħϽһħҲ˳ƺΪħ档ذħֶ˵Լݡ
ħ棬Ͻһħÿµͷ
ħ棬ѵǴ˵еλܣѾΪħ𣿡ǿ߶ӣԷе𾪡
뵽һˣһӦֻл߳Ϊˡԣ޷ذħǸϵһ


1643 
ذħɫƽһħ졣
ʣµǿ߱ɫǺˣһִ־塣ǴûйУԷ̫ǿˣһˣֻ࣬ʣˣҶˣܲذħĶ֡
һˣ¶Щ˾Щˡʮ㣬ܹɱŷǣǴʱȴһָоԼҪսˡпܻᱻȫߣذħ͹ŷ綼̫ǿˣѹŶִ򣬵ȵڳֵĻǶд鷳
뵽⡣
ŷؼսͨԾŷ磬Ը͹ŷսȻˣǲУŷ缸ķɡ
شڿѪǼֱԼģ޵еʦ𣬾ȻҲʧܵһ죬Ǹо˼顣
ܣǾԲܵģŷҪɱ㡣ŭ
˫ֽӡ߶ԼȻͬһ壬ȫӵһϢµ˼㡣
⻹ǽָ㣬һֻڹϣڹãȻ𾪵Уڡ
ȻԼͽܣԼһ֡
ȻֹذħתЩȡ
𾪵УҲ֣ĵȫɽȥ
ʦôˣҫҪԼʦ𣬵Ҳɡ
ɫ䣬¶־ɫԼʦ±ɡ
˱Ķ쵰ؿڣɫг˷ŭӦϵϢȻ˱Ĺ
Һضӡ
ܹܵصķŭԼ񣬼ֱҪɱһ
֮ѳʦţԼܹܵԭһָоضԴԼˣǶԴӣǶԴһ
ָоԾ뿪ء
û뵽췢飬֤Ĳ²⣬عȻ⡣
ߡ
һָը飬ֱӳȡҪĴﵽԴԼСǿϢбסˡ
أǸǿȻذħɫء
ŷӳû˿ԥʩչһ壬ٻԼһŷأҪԷս
ɱǣȫԼϧʱȻĻҿֱӳΪ߾ĴڣȻˣɱҲ㹻ˡ
Źŷ磬ɱʮ㡣
һ˫ɨǿߣ˵ذħûеôǿԾԵѹһʱ䣬ɱŷ磬ɱذħ
صĻУš
ǿһǶʱ˹ؼ˸ղűذħֶ˵ӣʵذħûеôǿƣֶֻ̫ˣԵδܹѹǡ
˵ͷʩչֶΣսذħ˲κη壬ֱʹþԵѹذħذħɫ΢΢ЩأղеȡɣʱԷӦʱļ
ԵԽ̫֣ܹ࣬ѹ
ŷ磬ˡɫ䡣
Źŷ磬ɱȻ
˭ɱ˭˵㲻ҪôšŷЦʮּɵ
ȻǿҲȻ޾塣
˶ţϢײӿ¡
ŷ֮УѪ죬ʼսκαѪǿնѣ϶ڱ顣
䡣
Ӱ˳ȥսһ
Լʮһӣص˿µɱ䣬ŷײȻ˿·硣ľʵһ˼ľ磬أսŷ磬ѹˡ
ŷ糤Хһʩչء
巢⣬ͷγһ󣬺ѹŷ硣һֿµ󷨣رĬ˼㡣
ŷЦһ󣬿Է
Ǽսս緭˶ǶԷľУĸܵ˶Է޵ս
ŷѪǶڷ⣬޾ͷųؼսǿ·磬֣ѡ
һǿߣǼսನ䵽ϣǸը飬ڷŷɫᣬ֣Էս
ֶζǳ£ѣ໥ӣȫԷеɱ
ŷԽսԽݺȻ˶Ȼ֪ŷʲô˼
ˡذħ𺳡
ʱڹŷջԼķ֮ذħȴùŷķǿˣֿµĳ󷨶һ㱻ơ
ôܣ𾪣е㲻š
ûʲôܵģˣѹեڵǱܣǱжֲû֪أһսذܡذħ˵


1644 
ذħĻɫأšأʩչͨҪŷ硣
ŷݺü罣ƿУȻɨȥµĽһУͨȫ顣
͡
һն棬޾
һֿµľãã棬ȫ롣
س֣ѹŷ硣
ײ޾֯һƬһƬӣޱȣͿӰ
ֻ޾ĿϢд𶯡
˶ȻеĹ⣬һȥһƬǳһſŴը飬ȫٵͭ綼ڱ顣
˭Ҳ֪սôǶˣûһģǿ϶š
ȻӰ˳һһĻ߱ײϣը飬Ԫ˻𣬵ǻǱɱˡ
˶ȻֹͣԶǡ
Ϊ˴ʱĽ̫ˣһڲпܻɱǡ
ذħҲһֹ֣ͣŹŷǣ
һŷǿƣһ˼սأǼҲɱְȻ״̬
غأҪѹŷ硣һжͽͣŷʱ²ɵͨʩչ춯ء
졣
غأ̫ͷųĹȣ̫ϣޱȣŷ£ŷΧʱһƬ𺣡
Ȼһ棬ճɻˣã쳣¡
ǹŷ⣬罣ɨµĽ𺣡Ž˳ȥӽһλء
˶һͬµײأӾˣ˲佻ǧΣַӦٶȣѾ˺ܶʿļޡ
ۡ
Ƿֿʱ򣬹ŷһ䣬ˣöԷڿѪ
ѡ
顣
𡣡
ŷʩչһֶϻ꣬ͨǸը飬Ԫ񶼲һˡ쳤Хհ˷ֹ˼ͷ
أ˹ŷ֣ԮһԼһ壬ʱҪһģǱɱһˣǵĵ֮һЩŬ˲֮һ˵ǾԲɽܵ顣
ͨ񡣡
ŷ籬Ǹشس֡
سХŭһִպգѹȥ޾Ĺ⣬ÿһⶼһ콣һŷ䡣
һжͽ֣ͣɨһУûʲô赲ġ
ǸرУԪֱ
شŭ˲֪೤ʱĳɹȻڹŷϣٵ֮һ
ԺһȻûһȡõĳɹҪǿ
뵽س֣ŷ硣
򲻹һǰ׸ŷ翪ڣ䣬սأȸղҪɺܶ࣬غȻķ֣Լ˸ͲǹŷһĶ֡ղԼܹսŷ磬ȴ˾Ե·硣
ߣͷ
Ȼɱ˹ŷ磬ҲȻغ滹аţЩ˵ĳ֣ͲصĿƵģûκΰնԷԼҪߣ͹ŷսȥˡ
һ⣬ս־ȫһˡŷоЦָӵǿˡ
رѹƣӻˣֳɣƴһҪߡ
˶ĳҪˣǹŷĶ֡
һӰֱ˺գҪ뿪
һ̣ذħ֣ضգ£Ȼ֣һȭȥǸ˱飬ڷ
һߣԼûʤϣҪߡȴûгɹذħסֱӻɱ
ʱԷ˶ˣǿʼӡ
һĻذħ¶ЦݣǶֻ֪ҪЩˣԺҲܳ򣬵ʱŷΪۣѾǰ϶ӵˡ
ߡ
ǳ֣ɱһЩˣǳߡ
Щ˶ǵˣܻ⣬ܹһͽһ
ߴɫ࣬۽ΧסͲߡ
ݺҪȥһжͽۣͣһʵԽ֣ͲǶ֡
Ĳһ·𣿡ߴŭλۣɫ
ЦºߴҲǳ˱ģЦ˵˶𱨣һι۷Źˣʲôϱˣһ赲۳ѲҪɱۣȻֻԼ룬Ҳ˵ɱ
ֻǹϣҲ֪ϲۣԲ˳޹ۣһѾˣֻйӣܹۡߴ˵޳ܣΪ˻ʲôܹ˵ȻԼղŵ̬ȡ


1645 
Ǵ̲סЦҡͷߴۣҲ˵ϲֱۣǶ۵衣
ͬΪֱۣǵĳ衣ľҡͷǲм
ߣ㲻˵ˣΣۿڣɱȻ
Ȼû˵ɫȴǳᶨվߴۣдһĨɱ⡣
ЩУҪɱߴ۵飬Ϊǿˡ
ߴǳ鴤ҲˣԼҪΣˣЩ˶ҪɱԼһᶼԸԼ
䡣
֣ߴۡ
ǰʵ൱Ǵʱ˿̣ȴߴۣԶԶ֮ϣһдȥߴۿѪһ顣
һ£ߴۡ
˫ӡһµߣϵҪҪȥ
ǴЦܻǺ޾׹䣬ǳ󣬺ɱߴۡ
ߴ飬ӴضˣѪͬһʣ˸ʥϢ
ǴѪӵпµԡշĻ
ľ۳ХҲ֣ľ׾춯أ
ߴۼѵĳ֣Ԫ񷢹⣬Ҫסһ
˵̫ˣԪ˺ѣЦһǴǵгԹ
ߴ֪Լһακ⡣
Ҳģұֻһͨߣ£Ϊû뵽ȻǵСߴŭȻһը顣
Ԫ񷢳˻𣬻˵ĶУ겻ѡһ۾ˣ߹޾£ȴվնɱڷЩȫпȻٴ߾磬Ҳδؾ;ԵĲվһ죬Ҫߵյ㡣
ҲֻЩ˵еĴܣܹͬ棬Ĳ
ɫ࣬˺ۣսŷһˣѾ
ʵôôǿ󣿡ŭɫгš
ŷʵ̫ǿˣۼôλӵĵԼУˣսŷһˣȴսˡ
𾪣ţзš
̫ǿ̫Ϊ˲ãĻƿһУնɱҾӵܣձ֮աŷ翪ڣƶһضУ޾ǳ𣬷һµײأڿѪ˿µơ
ɫ֮࣬ȴЩţܵԼ״Ǻܺãܻᱻɱ䡣
ŷ磬֪ҵ𣿡ش𣬶Źŷ磬Լ
ŷֱһȭȥǿƶЦûȤֻ֪֪Ҫɱ㡣ɫĮ񹥻Ͳء
شɫг˻ţˣܵٽ
ŷ磬֪ҵݵĻ϶ԴѾסˣд鷳ġغ
ŷһˣصϣһĨѯʡ
֪ͷҡس˵֣ѾЩ֧Ųסˣ屻򱬺öΣһͱɱˡ
֪ŷ翪ڣ˵Ļ
ɫ࣬¶ɫ
ŷ֣巢⣬硣һֿµܣÿһĶԷѪ
ۡ
һر飬ԪѣԹĿ˹ŷһۣȻԪȫȼһԪ֮ն˹ȥ
ŷüͬ⣬һС˱նȥ
ѽСܣѹȥ
ԪҽУȻ飬ʧ
һתߣҪߡ
һӰ֣ǰ档ذħħһ콣ն䣬ֱӽն˻ȥ
һ̣ԯҲΧ£
֣Χסأ׾
ǲɱңɱǶк³ġЩ˵ڴ
㵽ʲôͷذħüصϣܵһɾ˵
壬أ罫Ҫ䣬ɱҵĻһƬ磬ǶҪط˵Լݡ
ˣǸѹ磬Ǹ˵ĵط
ŷ֪Ϊصʵ˾ˡܹΪǿĵˣ˵ǵʵǿᣬ֣ѹ磬һʲôطǵˣȻǿǵĺᣬֲǿᡣ
صı֣֮УҲߡ
Ȳŷ˵Ȼ˶ԷݣǹŷȻ֣ɱԷ
֮Уˣڻ޺ʿŷ磬ȻûĹԷĴ㡣
ڵġԹĿ˹ŷһۣɫ


1646 
ŷ֣ûκԥֻתֻ֣֮ѹ
䡣
һ죬ر飬ŷɱ
ѾսزԹŷ磬ûеֿ
ɱһУǹŷ粢ûпģϢɫЩءҹŷҲ뵽ѹģǻ磬˽Ҫ٣ѵ˵Ҫˣ
˵ĻĻ鷳
ʲôȸЩ˷ܵ߹Źŷ磬˵ʵ
δϣκκۼȸȻŨױĨȴһ㶼ޣþˡ
飬⼸˾ԲǽӦֻǿʼϣǸ㹻ʱ䡣ŷɫЩء
ʹԼߵ˵ģҲ޷磬֣ŷӡ磬ܹѹǣһ֣ĺƽ١
µĵ֣ʱûѹƵĻԻٵ硣ΪǶ磬ûκκøС
Թŷܵǣ³ʲô¶ˡ
İɣҪûôףʣô򵥵ģΪڻôʱ䣬ʲô׵ıܹ֣Ѿˡذħ˹ɫƽ磬Ǻ⡣
ŷһ㶣ذħȻʶ
ŷãذħȻųϽһħħ棬ϾһǴĴ˵еĴڣӦнŶԣΪǲһȦӵˡ
ʱذħǺͻʶùŷˡ
ѡذħ˵
ŷ絹һѣһдͷһԼʦϹսʶ͸ԼʼϱǶʶѡԼ֮⣬ѣϹ
ԣذħ˵Ļľס˹ŷ硣Ϊ֪ذħԲۣҲ˵ذħͻҲһεĴڡ
뵽ֿܣŷЩ𾪡
Ҫ룬ҵе⣬úӦԽ飬бҪĻһֵġذħ˵
ߵһŷΪۣ˵ѾΪˡûܹΪǿһˣ£ûֹ˹ŷ硣ʣµǿߣȻֲܿǸղûг֣ҪǾۼǾ͸Ӳˡ
Ҫֹŷ磬Ͳܡ
ۣƺҪʵȻڹŷδ۵ʵѹһеУڹλǣ֮£ĳɳøѸ١
ǹŷ뿪һϢŴϷͬʱŷ绹ȡһǿߵŵ޷ʱǰ
ŵŷŻߵһҪɾλ
лǰŷ繰ֵл
Ͼ쳵׼ѲŷʥûһƵǿϢڹŷ۳Ѳĳɹʱġ
ûд˵еôˣͬܿ£ŷһܷӳµܡ
ذħУһ̣ٴγ֣ɫࡣ
ŷһüͷվǰ
˶Щ֣֪ŷôˡǿŷǵӣЩҲףʲôµ鷢ˡ
䡣
һ죬һֻɫĴצۼɭȻƣµ˼㡣ȻղŵأҲˣȲצ˿ֲ
һȺ߹Ҳҵ·ҹŷ֣ûеȱˣһֻ֣ӲǸצӡ
µ𣬴ֺʹצײһͬ˵˼㡣
צ˿𣬹ŷҲһ൱˭Ҳ޷κζԷǼΪ˵ģ֮УǿѾȫ뿪ʲôܹŷ磬Щš
ŷһֻغǸط飬һͷµľ޳֣ɴС룬ȴ룬۾ǣֻһǣĸצɫƬɢɭȻĹâ
ǡذħɫһ
ŷ翴ذħһۣ¶ѯʵɫ
ϼʱһµ壬˵Ǳˣû뵽Ϊ߹кܶ飬һǲģ嶼շˣֲõܵôңٴηδɹذħ˼
߹ǿ𣿡ŷʵ
ϼμ߹ǹǣŷԿ϶һιǳ֣ǿ쳣Ȼ߹Ҳɡ
ذħЦһȺ߹棬ֻ£ҪСһȺ߹ǵǿ󣬳󣬲ģʱ㣬ЩܹģҲֻйˡ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
Ϊôǿ߶սǰûôסذħЦ


1647 ǿ
ŷˣЩǿߣûг׷ɹȴĳֶΣ߹ĳ֣Щ߹ܹгֵģǳ֣Ҳʵ̫ǿ֡
ǰһɱŷ翪ڡ
߹֣Ϊ˶ɵɾ۹λŷȻҪɱԷֻһͷǵĻ˳֣ԳԷ
򵥵ģ鷳ˡذħһ¶Ц
߹ŷһ飬Ⱥ۵ģǳҲʮͷ֮ϣذħĻŷ˶Ծ
ʵϣ˲ֹʮͷ
һʮͷǣȫܿ£ģڹŷǵϡ
˶ԾЩšܹܵЩ̫ǿˣһֵĻԸˡ
мһͷԼеɫϢǳԽʮͷ
мһͷǣҪ߾ˡذħɫѿһϢ
һ߰ǿڣǰȻŷذħоѹ֡
ô죿ԯʵŷ硣
˶Ŀ⼯ڹŷϣϣܹһ⡣
ŷɫ䣬˵õģѾ׼
𣿹ŷ粻֪ʲôסǡͷһɫĹǿڣ䣬Źŷ磬⣺۳Ѳӽ粻ٳˡ
˵Ĳ㡣ŷƲ죬Щм
ȻֶԷ˵ЩǶǻϵΪһµ˼㣬˵ǲء
˵Ĳ㣿죬˭ҵĶ֣ͷĹЦ
Ļ˳ĬһҪ߾ǿڣ֮УܹĶ֡
ŷ絭һЦǸûʶԷǿ
Ҳɻܹҵĸ֣Ѿˣܹѹһ߰Ĵڣ֮вûˡ
ԣȻԯݺǣ֪ŷš
ǣϧ֣ʮͷΪҵĳɡһ˶һ顣
仰ǵصĻһѡ
ʵ죬һͷǵɴ۾¶ȵɫʲôˣȻҪùΪԼʹӡ
һߴ˳֣Ÿ첲һ˫ͬһ㣬ڹǵϣ¶
ǺˣԻ߾죬Ҳмɵ
Ѫܴ϶ܺ档ǽǿŷڳѲ֮ǰ뿪˾ˣҵ˽ǿŷͳֻƬʱסǸطýǿڰл֡
ֻҪǳԿĵˣǿͻ֡
Ͻץߣҿɲﰭ¡ŷ˵ϴһĨЦ⡣
˹ŷһۣǿ¶һĨЦݣ֪˶ү
үǳƺһҪ֪һ߾ĴڰŷΪүȻе㲻Ӧá
ǿ˵뷨ǿЦ˵ү˵ʦܣȻҽǿĶү
ŷʦֵʹӣѾǻ߾ˣǶʱ뵽һˣ»ߣҲֻǸŵ˽ܣܹʸӵһʹӰɡ
ˣ˵ôϻˣǣԼߣߡǿЦ˵
ץǣͲ´ŭͷ쿪ڣսΪǰ̫ǿˣȻ𣬹Ҳ̫Զˡ
һ֣ʹʮҲǶ֡
Ҫҳ֣㣬Ҳҽˣֺֻ޷ܡǿЦһ㶼¡
ŷһǿǸ磬ʲôɵΪ飬Ϊѽǿ
ȻǲԸԼߣҾץǻȥˣԺﲻȱˡǿЦ˵һοˮȻǱġ
ʮͷǣȫһ£û뵽ԷҪץԼҪȻҪΪʳǿƣϼʱǿưʲôʱԴ
ǿ־ĶһۣȻʮͷǣʮ򻹳˹ȥ
Ȼ֪ԼǽǿĶֱ֣ߣһµͷûˡ
һĻǿЦˣֱץ˳ȥ𾪵ǣһĹǣնסȥ·Ȼ󱻽ǿһֻץס
ǿĹǣһֿûУ㱻ȫץס
ˣЩ߹ˣүԼˣһ۵ұǡǿЦ˵ɲʲôĴ
˴ϲһ߾ĴڻţǸͲҪκμɵˡ֮УԺˡ
ʵϣȻڻ߾֮УǿҲٮٮߣΪǿʶǱ۳Ѳһ߾ǿ߸ţʧһ壬ȫϿɹŷλá


1648 
µ춯Ҫŷɾλ
ڷ⣬Ǹط貣ǻҫۣûоӡǸ
ǿ¶һĨЦǸɫм
ʲôŷѯʡ
һļһǳӲ˭Ҳɱǿ˵͸һͳ
һʵ۷˵ǳӲģǸ˲򵥡
ܳ𣿡ŷʵ
˹ŷһۣǿ˵İɣô׳ĻղŹǾͲֹˣǸһˣҪӡô򵥵ġ
ŷͷ
ǽԽ磬ԵǿЦԹŷ磬þ
ղͰԻˣҰʩչֶνˣҪֹҰǵΪǸûа취
壬ʲô̬ȣŷѯʡ
ۡ
Իʹ֣һ
Ǳʾֹ֧ŷΪۣʵϣȻǿ֣㿹ŷ磬ΪȫûбҪ
ҪѹƣǵҰģӦʱ򱬷Ϊǰ廹ûгΪʸ
áŷ翪ڣھ쳵ֱ뿪
Իһͬʱŷ̬ȣҲûгϣ֮˷ңŷҪܹǵĴ壬һ߹ͬ
ȻаԻʺͰԵ˵İ壬ڹŷУһȺ
쳵뿪˶һŷ֣Լȫ亹ղһʵĻ֮ҪһսԹŷڵƣԲǵĶ֡
һлʵĴڣʵǿ󣬳ǵΧ
˵ŷǰ塣ԻʿڣȥҰ֣
ŰԻʣȴһ塣ʵֱڣҰһλðĸоء
Ǹոջعʱ򣬹ŷȻޣȴǲսʤż꣬ŷĳɳˣܹвǵĴ
ԶǲɴȵġҰ̾
ǰԼҲȴֻܿЦ̫࣬Ͳܹȼġ
˵ŷһ̫ˣҲԵЦ
뵱һ׷ɱĹŷأŷѹ֮ͻƣǻɱķΪʤ
ڣŷѾԶԶԽڵİԵ͹ŷһս͵סС
Ǽ˶֪˵Щʲô뵽ŷ磬Ƕһĸо֮Ĳʵ̫ˣ˸û׷ƽ
۳Ѳֱ壬ʱеĳԱȫʧһҲˡ
һӱܣǿĴڣ޷߾죬ҽǿǿƣƾˣһĻ߾죬δĶ֡
һȺ󱲡ǿЦ
ŷʵҪλᣬԷ
ʶŷ뷨ǿһЦ˵ڻĨƽǣҲµĲĻǸһ壬ҲѾ뿪ˣ֮Уצ٣ԺҪСˡ
Ҳצŷ羪ȡ
һ˵ͷȻ֮йϵ
ǣֻǸצ߹ֻǸצһֱǿƣʵûʲô˲ģ֮δһгĴڡǿ˵һ
ֻצ߹ŷ𾪣뵽ʿŷʳһ㡣
ֻһ㣬ûʲô˲ʵֻҪ߾磬֮ԾͲˣ壬ʶ͵ǱȴûУΪǲ֮飬дԵߣܹܹΪ֮飬ʶ͵ʸ񡣡ǿ͵
֮飬ŷ֪ǿٳĴ磬Ȼݻ磬ֻдȻԶݻ飬޳ɳĿܡ
컯飬ʵΪܵ컯˵ƣһƿܴﵽ̫ߵĳ̶ȡ
ȻɴҲԿˣԿ£ʵƾˡ
岻ʶ͵𣬵ӦлʵĴڣˣǻ͵Ǹǿߡ
ˣצ
˭ģŷʵ
ꡣ
ǿ̻ش
ŷ֣ǿΪ˵꣬˵֪
Ǹ˵֣֮꣬Ĳ꣬ģȻһЩ͵𣬶ܵвˡǿĽ͡
ŷһ𣬲꣬ȻǸ
ŷΪɵģڿںٿء
Ǹ꣬ѾˣŷʵЩġ
ǰһʱҸӦˣǺܵʲôҵĹٴαӡȥӦ֣˻ȥǿ˵
ŷ죬Ƕ͵ﰡ


1649 Ϯ
үúɣδкܶΣգڵڵΪȻЩµĴڣе㲻ţĳɾܹͣԽս˼ҡǿ˵
ܹܵŷӴǱˣƲ˼顣
飬˭Ҳ˵ߺÿһŷ絭һЦ
ǿͷûж˵
۳Ѳ綼ѲεĲˣŷǲ֪ǣһЩɱУǹŷĴӪһƵĻ»д鷳
˭һŮӣֱӳ˫ӡֱӴֻء
Էߣһֻ£ҪɱŮӡ
ײµ鷢ˣǸֵˣɳȥ¶һĨŵɫԼʵȻѹƲһ֮
ǺˣУδ˵ĸֵ֡ͭʣɫѿŮӣ˵
ҽǣӦ˵ǹŷӡֵ˾ȻǣЩţ˭뵽ǵʵܹﵽĳ̶ȡ
ʵϣЩ꣬ŷ粻ԼԼĻѪΪϴ跥ëָǵΪ
ϰ׷̡Ρݺǵָ㣬δ뿪ԼЩͽϱҲڣ˵ǵʵڷɿĳɳЩ콾
һδȥȫΪڹŷ֮УǱȽģԲδ֡
ʱ˿̣еϮڱԼķâ
һ˵סˡͭЦ
кܶǿߣȫЦǣɱȻ
Щ֮УĻߣҲһĻߣһЩ콾ʱȫҪᣬ硣
ǹŷϳĴ϶ٲˡ
׳ա䣬һδй仯·кһǣǼʶһǵ
һӰȫӾĪС¡ȡĪСٻá粺졢ˣڣЩ֣ɵۡ
ôŮһһһ֮У˵Ǿɫˣȴֻǹŷ֮һܶʿĽ۾ˣ콾Ůӵһĸˣǹŷȴӵࡣ
ǣ֡ٻһ
ȳȥһȺŮӳ֣ɾǳ֣ȴµɱ⡣
ɱ
ͭҲӦʼ֣սǡ
ǺȻķ֣Լ֣ȻֻǿЩŮ˴һƽ֡ʱͷ
˭Ҳ벻֮УһȺ֡
ɱ
Ůһء
ǳȸղŸӾˡ
ڴʱ۳֣ͭΧм䡣
գһ޴ķӰ֣ǴȱϵϢȴˣѾɻˡ
һӰ֣ǱˣǴ࣬ϻϢƣҲǸ硣֣Ȼûгɻʣս졣
üĵ۾սһ콾·硣
衣
һţ𣬴ţħţֱһ콾ǿߣʥһ֣ݺᣬޱȡ
ڼսͭȴ֪鷳ˣ粢еôкܶǿߡ
䡣
ԶѪ죬лʵϢ֣սһߣԷѹơ
ȫһƬսҿдػκ顣칬⣬Ҳڹˡ
ͭ·磬ÿһ̶˸ˣܿвǿ䡣
ǺȻʼͻΧֻһСӳȥʣµĶһ㱻ɱһңʹƽϢ
ŷŮǣһ¶ˣǱʵ˲Ŀ̲ס̾
һȫ˵ۡ
Щˣôܹ꣬ԼϹˡ
УǸ˵ӣ¶һĨЦݡС̶ĻУһҸģ
ϰɷѿģҪ֤Լļֵʵǳ£۳ѲңػǣȻΰ󡣡̾
Ľϰ𣿡С̶Цʵ
һ飬ֱҡͷȻϰĺܲҷǳΪˣȻô裬ңҪһС̶͹ˡ
㲻ίҲĻҲͬģʮ˸㡣С̶Ц˵
ҲŲأģһֻһзǳףԼǵͷһԥԼĿˡ
ţã̫ˡС̶Ҹ
ЦС̶Уȴǳ硣


1650 ʧ
ˣŷ类貵ʥû۹λԼ롣
޾ûŷУѪⶼڷ⣬ŷ糤ХأоǸڤڤе۹λԼ
䡣
һ죬µѹڹŷϣֱĵɳȥԡѪ
ŷܵشûгɹʧȻŷУվûȫɱ䣬۹λΪۡ
ʧˡ
ŷҡͷѪУգǲʧս㣬ԳΪۣڤڤеǣ֮£ܵش˽̡
һѾ˲ˣүʵƾ춯أʵﵽʱ򣬳Ϊָۣտɴǿڣǳùŷ硣
ŷͷȻǿл
֪ǿһγ֣ȻֻƬİҲ˺ܴĴۣùŷЩǸ⡣
ү⣬ʲôĻܷԸرǷʺϵĸ߽׻ߡ˵ʱ򣬽ǿһ⡣
ŷ֪ǿ˼ҪежԵĸ߽׻ߣǿҪֵģܶԷȡͷѪ߸»ҪĶ׼»ߡ
һġŷͷ
ǿռ䣬뿪
ǿ뿪ŷҲԼЩˣ˵ؾݡ
۳ѲɹˣŷȻۣڤڤеǸλã˵Ѿڹŷˡ
к֮󣬺к͹ŷֻҪŷ羳ɳʶλãǰ϶ӵ顣
ʱǳԸȻѾܿʶ߾磬վܳɾλΪּǿߣһܹϵġ
ǳΪ۵˵Ҳһ
ݴؾݣ˶ܣ֮쳹档綼ڴ̣һִϣʾžһٶ
أعŷΪۡ
û˸Ҳһж˳ŷ棬ʥûޱȣһִϣ˲ֱӡ
ܶ˰ݷܵŷƣ׹ŷȻۣڴʱҲͷ
һֱ˰ʱ䣬ʿˣȻ˶ΰۣҲʿԶԶսʡ
ЩеǸȦӵˣʮǿǶԹŷ˲
һЩ˸Ϊŷ絥սδԼĶ֣ҪǸĻ߻ߵǿߡ
һɨȫɫԶݶȥ
ǹŷĿ⣬Ϭ£һϣǵϣǺܶһС
ףȫݻָƽ
ʱŷۣλ֮ϣΪͳߡ̫飬÷ﴦԼԼӡ
ʱˮʵϣŷȻۣĸ֣ûз̫ı仯ٴγ֣֮ǰҪǿһһžݺͰ塣
嵱𡣡֮УŷͰԻʶ˰Իһۣ˵
Իҡͷ̲סЦҲ֪Ӧ壬̫ˣҲӦףʲôӵˣһ壬ǻ鷳
ŷ΢΢Ĭһ£Ȼͷ
ֻӵпǸ˵ʵܹ塣ԻʶŹŷ磬˼ԣѯʹŷʵ
ÿң죬ûгɻʡŷҡͷֱ˵ԼΪ
죬Ϊڵ㲻ʲôǷڹŷϣͲһˣǱΪǳ¡
ҿɻˡԻҡͷ
ùŷΪչʵе̫ˡȻսǿ󣬵ǾͬĻҲܹǸˡ
Ҳڵʱ̫ʱ䣬һŬġŷ˵
Ŀ˹ŷһۣԻʲ֪ŷҪʲôȴףŷҪʲô˵ľٶˡ
Ի뿪ŷҲͬ뿪ĵطǽʥء
ɫŹ֣Źŷ磬Щ˵㲻Ҫң㻹ҪǸط
ħߣԹŷڵʵȥĻֱӴ͵ڵ򡣰ЩģֳʲôĶܻд鷳
ǰ֪ħߵʲôѵǰľãħֻѹаħ𣿡ŷѯʣŰۡ
۲Ȼףħ֮ûô򵥣һµĵطޱȣػȻۣﵽʲôһط
֪е㺦£֪ҡͷ˵Լ˼
֪Ҫʵŷ˵һԥûС
ħڿʵõĵطŷ粻ԸһԤУħߵײ㣬϶Լһϲġ


1651 
ڵѵԼħߣЩȵ˵
ŷ΢΢һ㶣Ȼֱӵһָ
ʥض𶯣𶯣صػȻŷ磬޷һҪӴ
ŷĶһϽ˵Сӣ֣ٵʥ𣿡
ŷŷӦһЦ֡
û뵽ʵѾǿһز̫ˡҡͷ
ħ߸ӾˣҸղʩչԻһһĻˣû뵽Ȼ򲻿ħߡŷҡͷɫдһĨ̾
۾ȣ֪ŷʩչ˶һʣ仰ӹŷĿ˵ֱ̫赭дˡ
ҡҡͷһ̾ӣ뵱ŷʱȫĶ֣ĿڲŶ೤£ȻѾɳһˡ
Ұħߣ㣬ޱȣûǧҪСġ۶
ŷͷʾԼ֪ˡ
δСħߣǻɱ֣һ㾫ûԼ壬ΪԼʵѾ㹻ˡԹŷڵֶΣһ㡣
̫֮ڲˣͬĸ֮ݣȻǻһ㱾ʵ
˹ŷ磬ѾһУ쵽һ㲻ͬ
֪ˣħ㣬ʲôطҺܺ档ŷо˸
ɽ޻ʣħ㣬ȴųѹŻߣⱾͲѰŷ㹻ʵȻҪ̽һ
ۺ峤ϣһ֣ħߡ
ŷ徴ηУ˽ȥʵǿѾڳŷ֮г˾η
ŷȻûгΪǸĴڣҲ޵ˡУûĵ֡
˶֪Թŷı֣Ϊֻۣʱˡ
ħ߱򿪣дħŷվڶڣͷųԼϢЩȫʧֻʣµͳԵ쳣η
һħߣ嶼𾪣Ǻεʵ̫ˡ
Ǵ󲿷ˣħߣ֪ħǺεȾˣЩ쳣£ѱȫ첻µز£˭Ҳǡ
ŷ߽ȥħʧһֿµľʥ˸һʧ˵ǰ
ۿ˴һۣŻ
гأʥħߣһʲôӵһʲôӵĴڣ
ŷֻоǰһ죬߰˵µϢŷû
ߣۡŷѹΪֻлʵȴû뵽оȻеۡ
˽ˡһͳһͷۣͷѪƣħ졣
δˣҲߣֻҪɱǣǲеԴˡһһƾɵĵۣɱȻ
ӣҲ㲻ʲôҪСһ죬ܹǾԵľˡһƴϵˣϢˣŹŷ磬ǿ˹ŷǳ
ӣԼ𣿡Ц
ʣµһЩĸڣҲΣǹŷĿһת㿴ǲ࣬ѪпµѪ֮˵˼㡣
ǿͻһǸһ㣬˿µС
ȫǵʣʱΧסһŷ磬ͷųԼµܡ
ǶǴħŷüӺͳӣڻĵʷУҲг֡ǵҸˣʲôʱΪħͷ
ʤ߿ܣҵսˣȻħͷЦ
˵Ļŷе㲻̫ףɽУѵսֻǣܹѹǵ˭ŷȻǵɽʣǵʵСճɵʱѾҪѹǰӵˣǸͲܵ顣
ʵϣǵʵƾˡ
ʲôô£ħʲôŷʵ
Ҫ֪һУ˽ħߵ϶кܴջ
ǺǣҪһ棬磬Իʵֻأֱ̫ЦˣѱȻҪ飬ֱЦӴЦ
ŷһһĴ棬ǺεǣȻΪ͵𣬶
ǴӱǵĻУŷһ˼顣
ҪֻأȻ󻹴һ̫ˡŷֻҪѣҪ棬δ
ʲô֪ҲãһͿҲġӴЦŷгϷʡ
ȻǾԼԶ˹ŷ硣


1652 ӽ
Ƕǰ֣˴һе𣿡ŷЦ˵һ㶼ţֶŶԷɫһĨϷʡ
ͽɣŲԶ޷գ޾ֻڵΪҪĻˡӴЦгԹ
һֱڵΪŷĬȻܹԷ飬ȴͬΪ˵һУкܶĶҪȥں
˵ôˣˡӿڡ
ߴǿȫҪ֣ܹܵŷܲҪȻҲʱô򶨣ߴʳ֣޾һС
䡣
ӵһ֣һѳ䣬رɫ߲ѪɫǿĽ춯أƺƵܹһ㣬
ŷ˱ܣԷһ
һ̣˫ֽӡһ£ӲӣпµĴܣ̺һϲԵ־
ϲ֮ףΪ£Ȼǻ߱УҲܡ
ŷоһһ׳ͣлһսɨ
ۡ
ϲ֮ױǶһ
˶𾪣ŷ񣬳˼ɵ
ϲ֮ףʵʵ̫ˡŷȴ˿⣬ɱӡ
ȻעѣǾͳΪ˰ɡŷϣҪնɱߴǿߡ
ߡ
ЦȻܵŷǿƣȴš
г⣬Ȼһƣзķɳ۳һѿµսסŷ׽
ŷ絹ˣָһѪ֣˲䱻ջȥЩ⣬ųеĳɫȡ
ҳǿѽУһ챦ƬȥԽȻǿҲܵסġӴЦɫȻ
һ챦ƬŷȻֲѽȻǿ
һЦٴγֱ֣ץǰѳʥֱֹȥ
ӳХٴһ
ããǺһ貣ǵأ׻ٵһ硣
ŷ޾壬£뽣Ǻײ治Ĺâ˸ֹ⾧Өдܣһץס
˶ɫӸɫࡣ
û뵽Ȼ˿ͽӲսҪ֪챦ƬӵдܣУȻֻһ㣬ҲһĻܹġȻŷʵԽǣǲӦܹӲŶԡ
֡Ӵ˳֡
ۣ̤ǻƣޱȣûжκͨȫɱ
һȭȴɴݻһС
ŷЦһסȻֱӶ˹Ȼй⻪תֱӽΪԼ
Ӷųɱȥʱ۱ɫ
ǵˣŷг˾衣ϣһѪۣղҪһ㣬ᱻɱ
ⲻŷ羪ȡ
ֻƿѻܹоǿһֿԴݻһеĸоƿ˲һ㡣
ѹֹŷڲ࣬ǻѽ˵ˣѽʵ̫ǿ󣬿졣
һ̶ϣѽѾͻˡ
һƿػǿѹƱԼߵĶֵġ
սӴɫԹޣڹŷϡ
ѽ棬̫ѪھȻߣȻ޷ܣŷ񣬼ֱһ
㡣
ŷƲ죬ֱӽ˳ȥ
һȥȻˣҲٵˣѪɫһӾͲ԰
ŷһУսС
սһ¶һĨɫ
ӽ쿪ʼͽӽɣԺ󽫻ΪҶӵ彣Ϊۣӽŷ絭˵㽫ѽ͸죬Ϊ彣
ۣƺó̲סԾ
м˸ҳۣǾùŷ̫ˡ
ˣŷƿӽǲǶ֣ǶӣȻȫѡ뿪˾ãԼȻǹŷĶ֣ڵ߲㣬Ҫŷ׷ɱͦ򵥵ġ
˭Ҳ߲ˡŷ翪ڣ
һǵΧסǳȴ޷ȥǱɫܵŷǿʵе㳬ǵʵ̫ˡ
ɱ
ŷɱ䣬ͷĻߣӽգֱն䡣
ͷĻ߶Լͨ񿹺⣬ʧˣնɱһûŷУΪ
ǻߵľӴޱȣǺܿ㱻ŷȫգȫԼĶ
ŷ̾סλǿߡ
Ǳɫܵһɾ޴в֪鷳ˡ


1653 ͽ
ǿۣǰˣֹ죬ԳۣȻûǸʵҲ̫ˡ
һˣܹԸġ
ҪɱңҸҪ֪һСӺ
֪ʲô֪𣿡ŷѯʡ
ĬȻĲ֪
ŷֱӻӶӽããֱûȥӴ𣬼ԿҪŷĹ
һжͽֱͣӱ飬ɱһ
һ䣬ӵˣɫ䣬¶ֵ̿ɫ
Ҫ֪ȻǱѾ޾ˣǻȻĻͲڵˡ
ΣգǲܵȻˡ
ҪɱҵȣҵȿԳΪ׷ߡһۿڣޱȡ
ŷҡͷͬһնȥ˵һȺûѪԵĵʣͬǱôʱ䣬ѾŤˣҲǳȥġ
ŹŷĻǸ۱նɱһ㾫ŷУ׳
ƴˡ
ӴѾˣŷûдŹǡҪҪĻֻг֣˹ŷ磬ǲлĻᣬĻ˶Ҫ
ӽӡӡ˫
ǹŷֻһȭѪ죬ñӻը飬Ԫ¶ڿУɫ֣̿Ҫָ
һԪı̣ŷɱ
ʣµۣǳͷпµľ˸֣ƣһˡ
ǻ档ŷ羪ȣϳӰ
ŷ뵽һ飬ֱһĳȥЩ˺ɳȥȻŷʵǺͻʲôϵ
δֻǱˣŷʻʱЩ𾪣໥һ¶Էû˵
˵
ŷüǳǡ
һ˺ܳʱ䣬һ˲ſڣʵ͸֮ʶ
񣿹ŷƺ΢΢Щ⡣
ʲôˣͻ浽ʲôϵŷʡ
ŷɫ֮һ㲻ͷһϽ˵ǣǶǸ񣬵ɽˣƺΪס
ףȻ塣
ŷ羪ȣ΢΢üͷĻزΪﶼˣǱǣȻǺˣǹŷһӴܹܵǵıʣЩа񣬲ʥ͡
⼸Ҳһŷһ⣬Ȼʵôᱻ
ۣ֧֧ᣬ˵
ΪʹԪ׷ɱҵȾԮԲűġһۿڣ˵һɡ
𣿿޹ˡŷ絭˵
ŷ˵۵ͷ˵Ǿ޹ģݺ䵽һزġ
ãɣһҴǳȥŷ˵ǵĻ
ģ̫ˣлۡ۴ϲû뵽Ȼǵϡ
ŷҪ뿪ôʱ䣬гȥĻˡ
лҡŷ粻ɫ
һ̣սգֱɱ˵ŷʩչֻأԪС
Ҫʲô۴
𾪵ĶŹŷ磬׷ʲô飬ղŻ˵ĺúõģڶԷȻֱҪɱǡ
Ҳ˵ĻǵԪ񣬱֪һСŷ絭˵Ȼ֣ǵԪ
۳˲ʣǴҪȥ
ֻؾ춯أܹƵġԪڣһ䱻ǿӰһŷۿ
ãŷһС
ǲǰ棬䵽һزͶ˴Ԫ飬Ȼ׷ɱ
ղ֪ʲô⣬ʹԪʼ棬˹һŲħߣħ⼸ۣҲһֱڡ
ǼͽȻ˵ΰ
ŷЦֱǵľȻŷܹоﻹеʣδŷ֣ǣΪˣڹŷ˵𲻵̫ãȻɱǣôҲǺܴԹŷڰ˲㡣
ͬղŵĵ߲һѪɫ磬ǲͬǣȫȱǺǶǿȲĴǳ飬к£֪ж
Ҳо޴ĹͷԽЩǳɭɭ˸Ĺ⣬Ȼ֪ȥ˶õ£ѪⶼĥˣǹͷȻ࣬ӵпµԡ
ڰ˲㣬ޱߣԶԶԽ߲㡣
һ棬ǳ棬˸ŲĹԡ
ˣһ𣬿µϢǵѹùŷ΢΢ɫ
һ߽׻ߣƿ£춯ء


1654 
ŷ̤һһǰУض𶯡ڰ˲ޱߣв֪Ϣתŷгķɫء

𣬷·һԶžҪһ㡣µɷ춯أҪһС
ŷɫأһ֪پ롣
ãŷ翴ʻˡģ⾹ȻһСޣ˾ӣױֻһ˫ڣͬһ㣬˿
С޵ϣĴָϸӣת˿µΰ
ԭֻһߵҲǲˡС޿ڣȻŷС
ʲôˣΪʲôᱻڴ˵ءŷѯʡ
ȻΪԷֻһӣĴָϸӣԲǷǴ˵еĳ־죬ӳ˸ߵŽСסһĻߣѾˡСޣܹɢϢùŷов
˵ĺСһתŹŷ磬¶һĨȵɫһ׹⣬ɱ
սϱ쵰꽫û뵽ԼҲɣҾѪ뿪С˵Źŷ磬ɱȻ
ŷһݣϱ͹սסˣǾĸǱסԲǹŷԿġ
ڻʵҵѪ𣿿ӣҲһ˵֣Ҳɱ㡣ŷ翪ڣ˵ĻʱǸСЦ
Ȼϱ͹սҲҺ˵Ļ֮µһˡǸСм˵Լ֡
ŷˣ˵Ҳ˵צ
ǵˣûбҪ
ŷֱӳֻ֣ؾ죬Сû
Ǹ˵ֻ֪ͨصʱȫǾݡһ̣¶һĨЦƾʵȻʩչͨҲ޾壬ơ
磬⣬ֻ档
䡣
һ죬ֻر顣۹ޱȣŷ綴ȥ
ŷɫ䣬ָһ֣һ䡣µ𣬹ŷ罫Ŀ顣
ǰУ򻤵
Ҳˣסʵٲһ㲻ҵĶ֡쵽˻״̬ǳס޾£ѾĵĲˡ
ɫЦСȻֻаٷ֮һʵҲɱ㡣ޱȣɷȻͺСȴһְŹŷ磬޴ѹ
ѡ
ŷ翪ڣʩչһֶϻꡣ
ǲ
üĹѣһѪ۹ʱ˲٣ܵش
ѡ
ȻһУͷ­ըˣȻ׼ʥ̫ͨڿˣȻΪ֮µǿߣҲס
𡣡
һһֶϻ꣬ҽУԪ顣ԪƬҪ⣬ֱӽԪ˻ȥ
ŷ籾ڵģöԷܻΪһĻ֮¶һĨЦݡ
⹫͹սˣѾ뵽һУͲԷᡣ
գݺݵĶŹŷ磬˵ɱҵģܹңϱ͹սδɱңƾСҲĥңֱһЦ
Ļŷ¶һĨЦҾһЦô꣬ʲôõģȻҲֻǽС򱬣Ҫ㣬Ѿɱˣʡ϶ۡ
㲻ңҵԶҡֻҪһ첻ϣΪﵽǿߣʲôĺ֪ܿʲôǸ
ûһжɿգʲôϣûˡ
㵹ǿĺܿŷ糰Ц
΢΢¶һĨЦ˵Źŷ磬ûм֡
ǹŷȻ˶Էóӽֱ䡣
ۡ
ϣһ˿ڣŹŷ磬Ц
˵ɱҵģȻҵʵȫʢʱڣƾҲĥңֵǶʱ򣬱ƿŲҳȥʱˡ
ŷޱ飬г䣬Ȳһˡ
һ˿ڣڻϳ֣Ѫ䣬Եúҡ
ŷǾҪĥԷв಻ˣǿĴڣվбɱһ졣
ɱҵġЦ
ţùŷɱԼ
𣿡ŷЦ˫ӡ˵ʱ֮ϣǳѳȥһ㡣
ʲôɫ


1655 Ϊͻ
»ߵĻ߽ѣʱգŷڿʩչ
һֿµľ֮ϣǳ£ݺᣬȴѹơ鶼Ĥݡ
ԽһУԽֻء
ŷһǰкɱ䣬ޱȣû
Х⣬죬ǳûУһ
Ҳ𡣡ŭ𣬺仰Ųħߡ
쳤ХһģĴڣΰǳߡ껤ˣų֣ڷ⣬ͬʱ֨죬Ҫһ㡣
ȻҲƴˣʩչǿֶΣһ֣컯һ棬ŷͨײ
䡣
طȫûȻʱ֮ﶼͣˣ޷ڡ
ʹһʣҲ˲ɻ
ɱ
ŷ糤Хʮµķ޾ĥ𻤵
£ָһֲľ磬Ȼס˳ѣĥԼ
˳УǴ
ҲȻٻǴŷ¡
µϢŭҪɴڡ
ŷɫ䣬ٴڳһӰӲǴһ廯ķʱ֣ǴսǴס
־ѹ
ٳ֣ѹŷ硣ػߣԴ־ʩչһЩֶΡ
ûõġ
ŷ翪ڣһȻ֣ɱ˹ȥ
ȳѶҪ£һ֣ɱԷ

𣬱ͨУҽУڱ飬Ԫ
ܣҲ𣬳֣˭ɱңôһСУҲʰɨ£֮޵Уȴδ뵽һ죬ԼһС
гԹʵĿ˹ŷһۣȻ顣
û˭Բ֮ԲֻҪɱ˲ǿ⹫ʼɱ㣬ֻΪ̫ǿˣʵ֡ŷ絭˵
ĻһµӿСȻ󳹵
ʵЩߣǿ˲ֹһ㣬ʱһ㾫ûŷУΪһµĸ߶ȡ
䡣
һƻ֣ŷûгɻʣȴͻ죬ﵽ˽ڻʵľ硣磬ȻΧȹ̾硣
⣬ʵ۷ˣ˻ǿߵһ㾫ǲڻʵľ磬ǲء
ﵽ磬ŷֱӵһĻǱʿ϶Ľʺ޵˼㡣
Ǵﵽڻʣ˲ܹһƻ̤ߵĹؼҪɱΪߣҪһƻ
˵һƻǽߵԿףûԶ޷ɻʡ
һ̣һʥϢ֣ǵͬһơڵۣǵ۵ߵľ硣
ŷ¶һĨЦݣںϣһϢ
˲䣬Ϣٴµƺڰ˲ħߣһƬžʧȥκ
ںϣǿޱȣԽִڡ

ŷ֣һմ顣
һӰһʧڹŷǰ
ŷֱ׷˹ȥſһʲôڣһͷԳȴӵԴ˱ۻӶϢˡ
ԳһϵƷ֣ڴ˵У˭Ҳû뵽ȻĴڡ
һ
ŷ֣ض϶Էȥ·
Գֱӹ£ŷġ
ĶǴħûıҪŷ翪ڣŷ֪˲֮ڣûкˡ
Ҹղ쵽ԳΪԭΪԷɢһɱ⡣
ͷԳʵǿڻ죬˵˼㡣
ŷ粻ԸԼͷ­¶ɫֱӳ֡
˼ս಩ۣＤսѡ
λѻ֣ѵҪ˽һնɱɣԳڣĻӰ֡
һͷ棬գֱɱ
ģȻѣ죬Ҫŷɽȥ
һ飬ʱ򣬹ŷüͷһ壬Էĳ࣬Ȼһģһг˹ĸо
ʱ򣬹ŷȴûʱЩ죬ʵǿΧһˣŷ粻ܣȻʵ˺ܴĽҲܵ˾޴ѹ

ӽɨǸײһ
ŷ絹ˣܵ˫Щ飬Ǹ飬ǵɳȥݺݵһǲк棬һѪ


1656 
ۣŷ粻κˣǴʱĴǿߣȻȫǿĸ֣Ȼŷ綼оЩ
ӽ䣬ȴԳס֮ޣȻҲǺ쳣
ɱ
ŷ翪ڣɱȻ
ɱ档
Էһ˫򷢹⣬ֱɨ뽣ײһ𡣿µĲ۶ϣѪ
һ̣ʩչͨҪŷС
ŷӽնգͨȻŷʩչ׷ɣ£µ˼㡣
ûĴǿȫС
죬븹УЦٴŷȥӴ֮ϣֻһ죬ȴ·ܹ涼븹һ
ŷЦֱʩչڹȥڡδ֣µͨѵϡ
ѻˣܵ޴в֪á
ӴƳȥҪŷĹһжͽͣŷ֣ǿµͨȫѵϡ
ͣĲҽУ޴ڱ飬
ǿ߱ɫδ뵽Լһͬɱˡ
𣬹ŷ綢ס档Хһ˹ȥȻһֻѹ䣬ḥ̂С
ߣŷ֣һֻצŷײ
һ̣צӱ飬ҽһŷٴγ֣ӽɨ롣
Ԫ飬ԹĿ˹ŷһۣȻը顣
һ䣬ŷתԳתܣŷƵˡ
ŷ֣ضգסԳȥ·Ǽսɱ𶯡
ԳҪסŷĻɱ
Ρ
ŷЦ⾧Өױ
ۡ
Գһͷ­նɱҽһ
һ̣ŷٳ֣ͷ­Ԫͷ­ҲըԳ𣬱ŷɱ
һ飬ٳ֣Źŷ磬̾Ϣһ
㵽ʲôˣŷû̳֣ѯʵ
ꯡǸ鿪ڣԼ֡
ꯣѵǶ񡣹ŷüͷһ壬ɽж֮ҲжĴ˵ǹŷ˵ѾˡʱڵɽУ͸оˣڼһꯣŷЩ㲻ˡ
˵ꯣһŷ翪ڣ˵Լľ
Գ꯵飬۾һ¶ɫģʲôĺϢһϲ˼㡣
ȻģûбҪƭ㣬ֻꯣǼĴڣˣԣδѹŷ絭˵
ŷĻɫһȻ¶һĨЦ
һ֮̾Ϣ
ŷվ顣
һ屻壬֣ꯣòһ¡˵
һģŷѯʡ
壬壬۾ˣǵĳƺǵ֣ꯣҪңҲ֪ôǣϡ٣ܹͬһģһΪֻʣһˣû뵽ˡ꯿Ц
ꯣŷɫŹ֡
֪϶ɻ󣬵ҲͲעһһֶһģǺԭɵġ˵
Ҳ˵ֻһȴͬһˣŷʵ
꯵ͷ˹ŷһۣ˵ҲǸѣɱˡ
ŷֱùӽȴûж֡
㵱그ʲô󣿡ŷѯʡ
Ͼ꯵ˣԷϵܺãŷ粻Ϊһ飬ʧȥһѡ
ܴĴ¾ʮߴ磬飬磬ǾѪкܶʶߵǱ˵
ĸˡŷ翪ڣûһԥ
ߴ磬ޱȺ嫣еж飬˭˵ȴɱʮߴ磬ν졣
ΪʲôɣˣҲӦñԭӦ
ǺܸɱҰɡ꯿ڣ۾
ŷûжֻ֣ʵΪʲô
һצĹƻҪʮߴ飬ȥİˣȴʧˣͬʱŭ˵ʱǿߣܣΪӻ߾죬ֱӴ˻졣꯿˵ᵽ˵ʱĿһ㶼һ
ȴӦ磬дѣҴȥԺս׳Ұɡŷһ£ڿڵ
ҵĻЩ⡣
ŷ絭һЦ벻ţûʲôҪɱ㣬ӵ𣿡һǿߵţȴ꯿Ц


1657 ֮
ھŲʲôŷʵ
˹ŷһۣҡҡͷҲ֪ʵϲңҲ֪û˸ҽھŲ㣬ǵ߲ˣԲҽǵڰ˲һ
ŷͷ⡣
룬Ҫ
ҪȥɫЩǡ
ŷͷûһԥ
ھŲ㣬ҪһġŷһԤУ˵ھŲ㣬ҪԼһϲ
һȥ꯿ڡ
ŷ翴һۣȻͷ˵ˣ㻹ǲҪ˰ɣͽ󣬲ȻĻǰ㵱Ǹꯡ
꯿ЦǵͷϿ֡
ӽ쿪ʼˡ
ɫЩ㱣һ֣ȴһĸоŹŷıӰȻȥ
ھŲŻǰд֡ء
ѪдɵģͷžǸߵѪдɵģҲһ𣬹£ȴȻࡣ
һٻʵ죬Ȼڱǰ˲٣Ҳ൱ˣٲڻʵ²
˵ѪȻһµġ
ҪҪ档ŷ翴һۣʵ
ҡͷãұôʱˣѾˣھŲ㼴ʹأҲҪȥ
ãߡŷ粻
һУһҧŹŷ
ǸսھŲ㣬ܵ˹
һǳǵϡ
꯱ҵһ򣬵ǹŷȴ֣һȭǳһȥﲢǰŲռһһ½һƬ棬дתȫͷŲ
ִǣһٵ綼Ҫ̣ǳ
֮⣬һƬʲôûСǻ˸һſʯǵǰʧ澡ͷ
أŷüЩɻ
޾Ĺ¼֮⣬ʲôûС

Ļ䣬һĲϣùŷһûתϱʥ⣬ֱȥ
һŴը飬֮⣬ʲôûС
ɫɻ󣬶Źŷ磬֪ʲô顣
ղҲϴŷü˵Լղŵľ
ŷĻɫ΢䡣ŷ磬ŷ緢ˣʵ̫ˡʲôֻҪж⣬;Եвˡ
ʲôʵ
һ̣ͬоһͬʱһֻ֣Ĳһѡ
ըëֱתһͬŷһͬһաûпʲôֵġ
ǶӣԷ𾪡
Сġ
ŷ纰һΪڹŷ࣬һӰ
֮ǰŷֻ֣أǸطסһӰֱӴԽֻأȻʧ
ʲôŷü
ղҲֻһӰǾʲôŷȴδ
ЩͬѰʵʲôùģʹһ߾죬Ҫһ㣬Ǻס
뵽һɫѿ
ŷ罫Ŀѯʡ
иǿԹɢԹữ飬˾ͲȥֶǿΪǣһֶζ˺Եֿ˵ɫء
ʲôŷѯʡ
֮顣󿪿ڡ
֮飬뵽أŷ۾˵ﲻᶼɣ
ŷһ˵ʱһ£Щ־˵㲻Ҫ˵˵
ȻҲŵˡ
Ӧû¡ŷ˵һ䡣
һ̣㷢ĲԾ۾Ѫ죬ޱȣŷ˹󱻸ˣһ㷴ûС
ŷ𾪣ֶҲʵ̫ˣҪ֪һĴڣѪ罾а޷
֮飬ɽУ壬ŷչ˹
ҳ
ŷ翪ڣֱӶס壬ȻתûС
洫һУŷ˵ͬһ޷ħɽһһӴ
һӰгŷ˫ֺʮֱӻһ𣬴շǵӰС
ŷʵ飬Է𷨶Ը֮飬ȻкܴЧԷסҪȥշĹĻʱȴһ
ʱҲӦЩȣǲĻɫ𾪡
Ȼû뵽ŷжԸֶ֮Ρ
ҲǶ°ŷЦ
һ̣һһʲôһ


1658 ߱
һ֮飬ŷһܵһаϢҪԼ塣
䡣
Ѫһȼգǿޱȣͷ֮˳ȥ
ŷָ֣貣Ǹ֮ץס
Ǹ֮ڲҽУĿһڲͣڡ𾪣ĿɿڴδϳʲôȻܹ֮飬һ㿹ûС
˼ά𣿡ŷʵ
ҡͷȫƾжһ˼άûС
Ļŷˣһе֮飬ȫһаɵģκ״
ŷϣ貣֮
һ֮ˣӶɳˡ
ҵĹרŶԸЩ֮ģ㱻ӡ֮󣬲ųĶӦû˵ŷ翪ڣ˵ʩչĹ
ŵͷ̲ס̾Źˣһǻߣʵ̫ˡ
ŷǳ鴤ҪŹˣҪ磬Լͽܺ˸ɵˣһ˿鶼ԼУ϶뷨ˡ
ǺһˡŷӦһ䡣
ǸշסǸ֮飬Ȼ֣ٴνԷ
ﲻֹһ֮飬ܻкܶ࣬ѵкܶǿ̲ס˵
ħߵҲ֪ŲħߣأһһҪŪŷоһ
УܻоϲϤһЩܻߵõһЩôҪ̤ħߵھŲ㡣
ߡ
ŷ˵ǰȥŹ֮ȻпãǱ㲻õģֻҪǰоߡ
ŷҲδ⣬ﻹбΣա
ħߵھŲ㣬ֻ򵥵ĻҲͲԵˣҪ֪ħߵڰ˲㣬ѹĶǻĴڣһµĻħߵھŲ㣬˭Ҳ֪ѹʲôӵľס
͡
һɨŷɫһֻ˹ȥסǵ
һĨɫѪӹŷָ£ɫ΢䣬Ǹ
һĳڷһ֮ˣʧȥеԾ

󾪺
ѳǻȻĻ˺ŷ塣
ֻǣһѻս򲻻³ġһ˶һۣԷеľ
е㺦ˡ󿪿ڣɫš
ܹĵط˵ʵ̫ΣˡдΣշҲӲ
û£ߣҵҪﵽʲôŵŷЦֱǰ
һҧֻܸŹŷ硣
ҪԼ뿪ҲǲˣΪ˵֮飬һϣˡ
ŷǰУãǿһ޴ͷ­ƯС
һͷ­ȴһϵҪ󣬶ͷĵطнɫѪʣȻȥ˲֪£ͬſµѹ졣
죬ǻͷ­Ȼնɱ󾪺
ŷɫأڼٽӽ۲ͷ­
Źŷ磬ӴѹɫЩšЩţҲͬˣܻᷢͲꡣ
ǽӽȫڽ䱸
ŷǳ׽ӽʱͻȻͷ­Уɳһһ߶೤飬ȫǽģǵأŷû
߱󡣡
ȣϳⶫٺˣͬʱŷ纰뿪Щܿ£г߱ɹ߾ĸǿߵġ
ĻŷɫȣҲֶܹĲӻͷ­гȻѾ˻ͷ­еѪ⡣Ҫ֪ŷ翿ҲѹЩ߱Կ¡
ͬˣ߱ٶȷǳ죬û˳Զʱ򣬱㽫ŷΧסˡ
ŷüЩ߱¶òͣ˹
ŷ֣ӽֱն䡣ʮ߱ɣȫ飬ɱǹŷ粢ˣЩءһǺӣǴʱȻŻɱ˼ʮֶ߱ǿЩˣҪҲǶ̫ˡ
ȥȴҪŷ硣
뿪һȥ㣬Ҫŷ翪ڣ
ԥһ£Զȥ
ŷȥӽͣնɱһһ߱ʵǿᣬ޾Ͳġ
̫߱ˣûԵļ٣ֶˣԵ÷ǳ¡
գŷ綼ŪЩˡ
ȥŷ籬ֱʩչе߱


1659 ǿ
ˣȫǻʵŷݻ˼㣬쳣¡ֲƵЩ߱ȫû
һҽдܶ߱ըڷ
һӣ߱Աһ룬߱УȻӴܣǸ޴ͷ­С
ǻͷ­ŷ糢Ҫٵͷ­
ϾһȻҲӦñЩĵ¡
ǵڻͷ­ʱǸͷ­۾ͻȻˣͬ档
ȫʧǵĿⶢŹŷ磬ëȻ
ŷֱӵˣͣ
üͷǸͷ­ⶫʶΪʲôҪ߱Լе㲻
פҪһ̽
ŷףͷ­ʶĻ϶ܹӶԷϣ֪ܶܡ
Ĵڣ֮䣬ûʲôܹùǵģԶһ顣
ŷǰҪٴοǸͷ­
Ǹͷ­ӣ䣬ϣһĨɱ⡣

ŷһ䣬תߣе⣬
˳Ϣŷҵʱޱȣһ޴棬ڷš
ŷɫŹ֣Щ˵ûʲô󣿺Ȥ𣿡
Ȼ֪ʲô󣬿ŷ֣Ͻߣһ
ѹŷ磬Ҫùŷ뿪һµļһץסġ
ŷȻ֪ղҲֻڿЦѡ
ϣŷ粻ɫЦе˵ʲô㲻Ҫˣǿ߰ɡ

һ̾ϢڹŷĶûκԥӽնµĽ
ƻСޣ֪ѾоҵĴڡǸһĨЦ⣬˹ŷĹΧ
ŷЦһʩչֻأһա
飬һӰɳȥδˡһͷӣͷݻƣۻ軨Ѿ֮ͨˣûһС
ǹŷȴ룬ܹϢһץסˣԲ򵥣ʵ¡
һнԷˣŷ罣նϵһ죬ȫ飬һתߡ
ʵ̫ڿ£ŷԼ벻ǶԷĶ֡
һߣŷаղᱻԷ׷ϣǹŷȻˣȻʶʱ䲻ǸղŹŷ类߱ΧҪԼͽԼˡ
Լ˶ŷ
һ£СޣֲǻˡǸͷҪסŷ硣
ŷԷһȥӵĸˡ
Ǽһʲôˣŷѯ
֪ϢеϤǸо̫ܡüͷЩȻе벻ס
˭ŷһ
ʡ󿪿ڣ˵һ֡
ŷһʣѵǻ棿
һֽ̹š˵
ŷֱͣʱǸҲ׷ˣһЦ¶˳ԵЩ˷θ
СޣھҲǻˡͷЦе˵
ŷ粻ֱӳ֣ͨ񣬴µͨ
޾Ĺ⣬Էûͷɫ
СɱҰͷɫأ֣ͬȣ˵˼㡣
һһڻи֣Ȼը飬еȫǰŷͨײһ
ͨײһ𣬹ŷ絹ɳȥҲһ˼ȻסŷͨҲôɡ
ŷоһٴγ֡
˫ӡ֮ϣŴУȻһ
СӣҪ˼ҵƿڴһڸղţҵ
ˡ
һѴӳ֣ɢŻɵϢ
أһͣٳԼ֮䣬ŷ翴һ޴ӰվڻУٵء
ִͨײûһС
ŷ絹ɳȥѪʩչӳԼϣȻˣҲһѪܵһˡ
Χ޾ը飬һжɻңǻʵǿ߿µײ쳣ֲĲ
ѾĺԶˣǴʱȻƷɳȥľԼܵ㹻ԶȻĻղ˵ײԽɱ
ȥŷٴվȻײΣǲû̫ܵڳص˺
ֶ£ûгɻȴֿµսԳƵϹŽһˡ
Ӣ۳꣬СӣеҪǿ̫ˡǸ߿ڣɫ̾Źŷ֮Уûκε⡣


1660 Ԫ
ϵҲŷͬ˵
˶һۣܹԷеЦ⡣
棿ŷ̽ԵĺһȻѾԿ϶ԷݣǻҪȷһ¡
֣þû˺ˡ߸̾ɫ¶һĨ廳ɫ
񣬷ǳӣ˲ɣС
ŷһԷǻ棬ͲˣԲǵˣһдǿߣԴΪҪݻһϽһ磬һͳɹˡտٵɽ磬ǸʱѾɻˡ
ϽĵǺѡŷ˵˵Լݡ
㲻ǹŷЦ˵
ŷЩȣԷȻ֪Լ֡
սרҹһˣڲǰ㽫϶һġ濪ڣᵽս
ŷЩ㶣һĻҲԼ⹫ģڹս˵ھŲ㣬רŸ߻ԼĴڡ
ս˵϶̽ѰܡЦ˵
ҵ趨õ·ˡŷЩ˵ΪһǿߣΪɻ顣
֮ˣҪУƿԼˡǹŷȴ֣ԼһУ˰źˣЩˬ
֪ŷﲻҡͷ˵İɣûܹ㵽ˣνϤδҲδעģűʼ氲ţϤһ˿δԲһЩѡ
ԭŷͷ
ͬʱҲףνȫģҪı䣬ʵҲеôѡ
Ϊ׼ʲôŷѯʡ
һͿûбȥˡЦ˵
ָָһ򣬹ŷ缫ȥֹ֯ûȻˣҲпµϢľ
оףŷüʵ
ͷЦ˵Σ֮УܹоԵŲħߣھŲأȴ̺ұشǷ޾£ǻָģڵĵط֮أǸطء
˭ŷѯʡ
Ԫ顣浭˵
ŷ絹һǸͻ棬ǸòңǸνĴԵڴԪϰɣ
ȻǣҲ٣ǸѹԪؼһβҪȡǸֻ֪ʵ㹻ˣȡ濴˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ѹԪĹؼŷˣҪõǸһȾǱӵпѹԪʵ
뵽ŷЦ߾죬Ƕ֣Ԫǻ𾳽ǿߣҺܿеٮٮߡ
ڵڰ˲㣬Ѿ㹻ˣԪ鱻ڵھŲ㣬֮ĥȻӿ¡
Щ꣬ĥ˶٣ŷʵ
룬һ϶Ĵ𰸣ǧ֮һ
ŷҪѪȫʢʱڣʲôкȻԪʧ޾£ĥǧ֮һʵһʵֲ̫ˡ
Ѱɣŷе㵣ġ
ᣬи֣ܳ˲ķģӳһֻƬǴԪȻĻ޷ѡ
ֻƬŷԼҪõʲôˡ
ˣһ죬ұȻҪõֻƬŷ翪ڡ

һھŲħ߶𶯣µϢŷֹɫ΢䣬˺ü
һߵֻǱһѪ
ǺȻӣԷе𾪣Ԫ鱻ѹˣȻ˿µܣĳֵĻжôǿ
ǻ棬û̫ܵӰ죬Ц˵õģһһնɱһ𣬴ֻƬܵѹǿˣûʵٳ֣ѹɱǡ
˵ڱѹУɱһǸ޴ͷ­Ǹģŷһڿˮ
ϣԼˣˡ
ȻŷԸˣͷģҪֵʱһҪ㹻ʵȻĻɱһԼȥ
ŷãԼ߽׻ߵľʱ򣬶ܹɱԪˣڿе뵱ȻˡоûоԵİյʱ򣬾ԲΣյļһ
ҪɱңֱһЦ㶼ԪЦޱȡ
ģҪôʱ䣬Ҳôʱ䣬Ժ󣬱ڡŷԪ˵
ϣԪ
ŷûзϻһնȥûӡСﴫһŭ𣬵ھŲħ߶
˲Ҳ㣬׳աŷƲ죬˲


1661 뿪ħ
ĿɿڴȻ˵ȴоܽڻ棬ֱӹЦԵ÷ǳˣһֻӡ
ϣұӡ޵еġԪŲħĳţﱻû޾ѹȥƵѹԪ顣
ޱȣ޷ƣŲħ߶ڷ⣬޾ӿȥԪȫӡס
һòǱ˰ɣŷʵ
˹ŷһۣû˵һô׾ͱɱˣҲһֱӡԪǿ󣬳צ֮У֮һ
ŷЦһղҲһʣʵϾɵӶ֪Ԫ鲻ôױɱ
ҪЩеûģúҪնɱһ˵ŷ硣
û⡣ŷʮ㡣
ôкܴ⡣һֹԹŷûġ
ӡ֮󣬶ܹնɱһ˵жǿƨɶܹ뵽
Ȼŷֺܾޣڹŷ磬ҲûʲôģΪԪ飬ʵ̫¡
ֵܣ㲻ҵĵطҸҲܹǰ֮䣬һܹɱߣŷЦʡ
΢΢һ£ͷʶŷԼһ̫ˣ죬Ҳܹߵһ
ǰȻˣұҪˣҿǰ״̬лûкã뻹ҪһЩʱ䡣ŷ翴˻һûд㽫Էȥ
֪ŷҽͨ죬ŷܹԼ״̬
ûȫָ沢ûΡ
ûȫָѾǻ߾ˣ󶼳Ĭһ¡
ŷЦЦ⡣
ʵϣԵĲɽ̫ˣԲϽ磬ôֳ֣олĴֱʡ
ˣͨĻǲء
Ϊ˴Ųħߣ䣬һ˶ﲻҪָΪҪסԪǸ쵰ȻĻ˭֪ŪʲôҪһСܳȥˣ鷳ʹˡ̾ϢһȻһ̤ʧڹŷǰ
һ̣ع飬˹ŷϢ
ֻ֮У֮еҲУԴ͸㣬ϣܹһЩʲôЦ˵
лǰŷ繰֡
ֱӽϢڣȻţ򣬶ˣ뿪ھŲ㡣
ŷûеԤʱ䣬Լ˺ħߵϣ
ʵϣħֻԼѹˣӵžԵĽˣʵǿһ֮󣬾Ϳֱ߳
ȻȥĻûôס
ŷ磬˷ڣʱ̲סһ㶡
ɫЩȣ˵ⲻǶôҲȥˣ
Щ⣬󳤵úͶ̫ˣ϶һûκ԰һ棬ϳˡ
ǰˣⲻǶҴӵڰ˲󡣡ŷ͡
ŷĻЩһ㶣Ȼֱۣӵ˲֪Զ
СӷˣħйصĶǴ񣬵ڰ˲Ǹ߽׻ߣСĲٰ۴󺰵Դð亹Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ֡
δͻƣڳɻʵıԵʱܹĸоϴĿѹľ
ǰ֪ŷὫħеڰ˲˴Բùŷħߡ
Ƕˣ֮ԱѹħߣֻΪһ֮ѣѾȥ޾£Ӧټƽˡŷ翪ڡ
ȷΪ񣿡ʡ
ŷᶨĵͷԲᡣлһ仰û˵ǶԷΪĻĨɱԷ
õԴŷȻտʼȴõ˾޴ĺôŹһʱ䣬Լ׽Դ͸֮ʵĸࡣʱΪ񣬹ɷɱѡ
ҾͷˣС£ͦ׵ġ˵ѡŹŷ硣
֪ŷΪˣûаյĻԲ飬벻Ϊ
ֻ棬ʲôҶǳôˣһһģһ
ûʳҪԼ֪Ļŷ϶˵
󣬹ŷ밽Լħе˵˳
Ŀɿڴ֪Ѿ̲֮סʹޣֳʧ޾£û뵽ٵȵϢȻجġ
ڰһŷֻ˵Ļ


1662 ŭ
ҡͷЩʧ˵Ѿ׼ֻδ뵽ϢͻȻһҲʧˣҾãʹıɱˣҲ϶º֣Ḵȴû뵽Ѿˡ
ŷ粻֪˵Щʲô
ο˵ĻǺܻ˵٣ڰοһˣ̫ᡣ
ȻҲҪ˰οһᣬԼָˡ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ѿȥôõˣ˵ЩҲûʲôôҲܡ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣȻҲĳȻ˵ܣȻЩζġ
ǰҪˡŷ˵Ҫ뿪
۵ͷŷ뿪
δصݣǴҵꯡ
һֱڻɽĳֵʱһ¡
ӱŭǸˡ
꯳֣еɫƳȥ¶һĨЦû˵
ʲôŷ΢΢üǳꯡ
֮Уǳ裬Ϊһ֮˽к飬˵ɣ֮ȫᡣ
ô֪ŷЩ֡
أȴû뵽һ棬˵˶Է顣
壬ͬһˣ磬ֻҪҵһʱܹ֪ʲô顣˵
ŷɴ۾һ嶼ͬһˣʲô˼Щףֲôˡ
ʣǿĻ֮һΪ˲ôˣͬʱҲΪǿսֻû뵽һߣػߡɫ䣬ϣɱ⡣
ʵϣҲ֪˵һЩʲô
飬ʵ̫ˣɱ˲֪飬ֻΪһ֮˽
Щ鶼ѾȥˣҪˣҽɲɱġŷЩƵ˵
Ҫɱ󣬹ŷ绹ֱڵڰ˲㣬ɵأٻܹӹŷʵɱһֵûС
һԵú꯲ɵӣҲ׹ŷ˼ҪԼΪ츣顣
ȻѾˣǾͲú˵ˡ꯵˵
ŷЦʵҪۣϲһµģȴû뵽վȻһ
꯷ǳиԵ뿪ˣŷʼ磬Ҳ޻˵
ԲҺǸ鷳ˡЩ˼˵
ŷҡҡͷ˵Ӧ˵Ҹ鷳ˣΪˣҲ֮Щ˵ȴֳĲˡ
ˣΪʵղûг֣ѾǼˣҺܸˡЦ˵
ˣȻ֪˵Ըһ쳣ҵ壬಻ɳӣ۶κˣһ
ŷͷ˽꯵Ըȷʵͬ˵꯸ղѾǼˡʵϣ꯵ʵҲս󣬵ԲǸղһԻ֣꯵Ը񣬾ԲΪԷǿ󣬶Լ뷨
ɽꯣʱȥݰɣҾһϡŷ翴һۣ˵
ûԥֱӵͷ
ʵϣǱŷģҲûбĵطȥҪҲ֪
ֻиŹŷ磬ǰݣ˽磬Ȼ
ֱӽݣǵǰһĻʱ򣬹ŷŭ
һսͣھ֮ϣͷųµϢܶ鶼ڵϣɪɪһЩ־Ϊ飬ѾʹȥڱѪ
·ԯݺǶһĨѪգȻˡ
ԯ죬ںһɫս׵սǿԿԯ첻Ǹ˵Ķ֣·硣
ԷʵǿѾ߾ˡ
ԯ죬δ̤Ǹ磬ȻޣǶԷһ㶼ɫս׵ϣһתѹԯ졣
սʥ壬ȻֻǺܿϧʵȻĻҶ붼Ķ֡ǸЦȻ˵Լܲԯ죬ǻȴ˰ȻĻ䣬㽫ԯһ
ԯŭݻͨɱԷ
ϵİɫս׷⣬סйµϱѹԯ졣
ҿ㻹˰ɣˣҿɲ˺㣬ΪҵŮˣһǸϷʵ˵һɫ
ԯŭݺͬһŮս񣬵ǶԷΪʵǸ̫߳ˣս
ŷɫ䣬Ѿ̲סֱӳˡ


1663 ůѾͷ
ŷ棬޾ֱû¡
ǸںԯսɫһԿŷĹ
䡣
һ죬ǸǿߵɳȥѪ㣬ܵ˲ĴˡŭŹŷ磬һĨ壬תսϷɹȥ
ŷ粻ָ絶ֱ䡣
ۡ
ɫս׵ֱ꣬ӱ飬ѪȾ񷡣
˶סˣս֮ϸһȺĿ磬ŷ
飬ȴڻŷ֮ʱǴϲ
޵С󺰡
ŷû˵սȥ졣ڹŷ󣬻ƣչ¶ţƾˡʱڹŷߣһ࣬᲻۵ķɣԵЩ
Ϲԯ캰ҧָսϵ˵̫쵰ˣһƾݣٵһŽ硣
ԯĻŷкһ
Ǹŷ˵սǻʵĸ۳һ̫ڲˡ
Ȳһư֮صģȻ˺ҵ˵ɱҵͬ飬㵱ս֮ϣһųǹ꺰ɱȻ
ģնɱ¡һɴŮӣŮһ㣬⾧Өһʥ˵ʱȴǳɱ
죬֣ɱһһӣųǹ˵һȺ֮Уҫ۵ģȻǵСͷ졣
ӵĻͷֱսǹһŴը飬Į˵񣬹
ܸ߰ŷ磬ɫᣬһ˫ɱˡ
ŷû˵ֱһĳȥ
Գǹŷײһ
һ̣𾪵鷢ˣгǹ飬ŷֱڻϣʱû쵹ɳȥѣԡѪܵش
ŷƲֻ֣ͣظֱ֣ѹ¡
ɫŭȼԼĴԴҪŷĹ
սϵҲɫѾˣѾΣյʱһ̾ͻᱻɱ
ǸɴŮӣսҪ»졣
ŷûתһֻȴĳһƣֱӴǸɴŮӡ
ŮӾʩչͨŷƣǱķɳȥһĨѪȻŹŷ磬ɫ𾪡
Ů˲ҰɡһĵһǱˣ¬
֣ͬһֻ£һѽǸɴŮץסȻץԼ
ɴŮӾȴã¬ʵ֮ϡ
֮ϣ¶ŭɫɴŮ¬ֱҪһ
ãŶԣȥůѾͷ֧㡣ŷЦ
¬һЦսһָۣһ£ǸŮˣҲһȥɡ
ʱ򣬹ŷҲɱ˳¬Ŀ˹ȥ
һɵŮӣȣ㷢һֱ䣬پ£ʵԵ쳣ءŮһ£ʥޱȣ¬Ļɫ䣬˵ԣʦûңұͬȥ
УҪôʱ䣬ҲˣǼȻʦãôճһԣȫҵůѾͷɡ¬һЦһӡ
Ů¶һĨŭ¬һۣ˵ΪԶˣ
¬š
ڴʱŷͻȻˣֱӳս˵ľУŮӳ֣һѽƿС
ӿǿͬŮӣҲû뵽ŷͻȻֱ֣ӱŷסȻס
˴ŭȫŷ֣ǹŷֻأȫС
Щ˾ֱŷֻأȵҪԮŮӵʱ򣬹ŷѾ뿪ս
͸㡣ŷ˵ֱӽŮӶ¬
ðŮŭһˣû뵽ŷȴһֱۣӽˣʵ̫ˡԸòİŮ˵ʵһ޷ܵ顣
ң㳤ģʵǲϡúűȼֱ̫ԶˡŷƲ죬ǳм
§ԯ죬һӡ
ǸŮŭȴ޻˵ԯò㣬ʹΪͬòڵŮӣҲͬ޷κʱȵ̬
¬ס֮ͬϣ¬һЦ˵Ҳʹպһˣˣ콫Щ쵰ɣذħˣںǵͷļһսһ߾Ĵڣ޷֣ղű˳
ŷע⵽¬Ѫɫһ˵֪ˡ
ŷĿսµɱ졣


1664 ۾
սϵ˶ɫŸܵŷϣһֿµƣǱɫ
ͬʱ¬Χ£ҲͬҪ֡
սķǸӴɫѿܵһ־޴в֪д鷳ˡ
ǿףһսǲǶ֡
ŷû˿ԥֱӳȥսδ֮ǰ嵽Ǹǰ޾ûЩ˱ɫ
һ̣ŷ绯ֱӳ֡
սҲʮǿߣʱŷֱ֣Ӵǿߣһ̣ŷüķ⣬罣նɱǸӡ
ӵˣָһ֣ҪŷĹ
ǲ
ײӵıѣҪˡ
ӱɫ㿪ĹˣһѳǹֱӶӵ塣
ӲҽУʱһ𣬰ӱ飬ԪգǺȻ⵽˲ĴˣʱĿģϣ˷ɱ⡣
һ̣һ£¬ڰӵԴ棬Դ飬ԪһѺۡ
Ԫ˳ȥҪ
ŷÿһγ֣һɱðĻˣ˿־Уıɱ
Ԫսڴʱһͷ𷢵ӣŭ磬ӵԪֱ֮һ
ҵǣǹ죬ĳɳˣǿ˾Ѫգһֻ£ڱء
ӵԪ֣Ȼץסָ䣬ʥ˸ֱӵԪ
㹻ǿ󣬵ǴʱȴҲЩѾشˣҹʵͬǿȻŷ磬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ΪˣЩٶȿĲ˼飬ǱܵԭʵǿƱ̬
䡣
ӵԪ飬ɱˣȥʵ԰ӵʵǺ͹ŷϣŷҪɱôס
ǺܿϧǿߵʱȴֱץסԪֱӼ
һǿߣҲ̫ˣܶ˶ΪӲֵ
ҲսĴ֣һͷɨˣȫɱһʣ
ŷûͣ¬һۡ
¬ֱӴ·
նȥûиȥڵʵԻ߾죬ԵЩȥܰʲôæ
ռ䣬һƬսǿ档һˣڷŨܣһ˫е˸ϢȣȻһĴۡ
ǿƣѹذħǼѪ
֣ӲƴԷҲܹǸĴˣֻƣڴ۾˵㲻ʲô
ŷ˵ֱӼȥ
ӽɨһһ硣
Ǹ۾Ц¶һĨмɫССҲҳ֣ЦᵯָҪŷĽ顣
һ̣ȴɫ£ֱնһֻ֣Ѫʣ¶һĨʹɫ
ôܣ۾ǿŭг˲š
һǻߵˣȻܹ˵ʵһֳ衣
˿ڴתָȻŹŷ磬ɭȻ˵
ŷ硣
ذħһɫ΢΢Щϲ
֪ԹŷսԼսУ˺սһ۾죬ʵ̫ˣ˶ƴ׼û뵽ŷ羹Ȼڹؼʱ̳ˡ
ҲɱҪ𡣡ŷĮ˵ɱȻ˲ɭȻֱָԷ
¬תߣղ̽ŲսǺܱߣܿ챻˴ɳȥ
¬ףֻǴ·ȻҪæҲǿֱ뿪ŷǼˡ
۾ͷѪҲһãɱŷ綢Ǹ۾죬˵
֪ŷ˵ʲô˼ҪѰʵѪԼʦ֡ףŷҪ֮İ»ߣ״̬ߣҪʹõģǵʵѪҪʵѪ
ҲǹŷһֱɱĻ߲٣ȴûнҪͷԭ
ϣǸ۾ŭŭŹŷ磬ŭ
мһϣٴ۾ˣΪԼ޵𣿵Ҳҽµһӣذħʱ򣬸ƨҷһϣ΢Ĵڣǵǰ㻹ûʸ˸߰
ĻǸ۾ǿ͵رɫذħʵǵ˭


1665 ս
ԣ㲻ʶˡЦԻһӰһòޱȣüĿ罣һµİ
ӣǸԵĴ۾ǿ߱ɫ㣬𡣡
ԭ㻹ǵңΪѾءЦ
ذħ֮УһĨȣ˵ͷʵ̫ˣ͵۾һս켸ҹ·磬ս˭Ҳ֪
˶֪𣬲ڵ۾
ǰȻǾе̫ˡ꾪ֵʱ䲻ȴžޣҫţ޵У۾һսղ֪ȥ򣬾ͷԲڵ۾
㲻Ѿ𣿲ԣԶԶûеǿ󡣡ԱŵùǺܵϵϢ֮¶ɲɫ뵽ղŵսüͷһ䡣
ƭң¶һĨŭݣЩŭ˵
뵽ԼȻһƭˣЩԷǾΪʵԶԶԽܱˡ
ʮԲ㲻ᶮġЦ
ʣۣڹԲںϣһֻҪ۷壬кܴĿҪѡ
ģܹԽԼǰ۷ʱΪ
ǧգʮߴΣÿһζһ𣬵ÿһζͦ˹
Ҫѡ𾪣Ҳ뵽һֿܡ
ҡͷ˵ƭңʲںϣοʮߵʵ۷壬ʶ͵ǲܵġ
˭˵ʲںϣŷЦһϢƣлʵϣҲе۵Ϣ
ںһ𣬻һµ쳣Ȼ
ѵҲյĴתԵɴ۾
ŷ絭ҡͷֻһںϢŷ˵ĺƽǺȴһ㱻ˤˡ
һںϢʲô֡Ҫ֪ͬǰÿһΪͻҲʮߴܹںϡ
ʵЩ˹ŷһֹۣ
òϣŷһȻĻԲ˾޵ġ
ˣʵ֪ЩҲûãΪϾҪˡŷ絭˵һ䣬ֱӳ֡
һսչŷȹӽɨ챦Ϣѹⶳʮ
һֿµƣΪ۾ĺԶ̲סɫء
һһѳУ֤ԽԽɱŷ磬ߴײŷ絹ɳȥǺҲɣԺˣ¶ɫ
ŷǿ󣬳һδɻʵѣȻǿսֻ룬ΪذħѾˡ
˵ģ֪֮󣬸ǲҵ
Ǽսǿ𶯣ذħ˱ɡֻǲûˣһŷ磬̫ˣ֣ҪɱԷ
ɱ
ŷٴγ˹ֻظ֣пµֱֻ֮ӰԷȻǴ۾죬ǺԵɫҲˣֻ̫֮ڿ£ֱӰԴ
ǿĸһģսֱ½ȻԺԲ䣬ڴս֮УȻǼ䲻ġ
ҵԱе۽ɨһµļ⣬ܹŽǬֻڲҪһ㡣
ŷЦֱӺһֶϻꡣ
ѡ
ǲһԣüĳһѪۣԪܵеĶһ͡
һ̣շӦŷٴγ֡
ѡ
ͬһüѪԪܵһĴˡ
顣
һ԰ͷ­ͬʱֻص˲ܶԴ
ѹ쳤Хʮ𶯣ֻضڲջƬ
ŷЦĿѾﵽղһ˺Բٵʵڵ״̬Բղš
ͨûһʱ֮˺ѺԵ壬ͨûнκʱֻ̣ǴĹ
ذħһħ棬ħХħ·˹ԡ
ղųֻصĺԣǻУʱûһѪⱬԷһʹ𣬺ȻǱˡ
ȵ⻪ɢȥԻãѪһֻ첲Ǳˣһ˫Թڹŷ˵ϣɱȻ
ǶҪԳХҪˡ
Ϊ۾죬ȴ䵽زк
۽գذħѹ䣬Ҫնɱ
ذħħֱ࣬Ӷ˹ȥԶۣɫЩ԰ףղŶһķ˲


1666 ɱ۾
һͬѵĶһһˡɫأźԣս졣
ûֵءŷЦֱӳ֣Ȼ
µƵԣɫһϵתͷųµһն䣬ǺӸ֣һƬ棬ŷĹײ
䡣
ȫֹûŷɣпѪ
ǺҲܣɫ԰ףЩȻŷײһٴαˡ
֣תʱգҪʱ

Գ֣أתĹô˵վһ۾죬ȻǽǿǿƣҲǰֲʵҲǿơ
Ѫɫᣬ˫ֽӡһʵУѹ¡
Ȼֻһ磬ȴһ˻涼ҪֲѹںԵϣȻɳȥǶϽۡ
ʲôԴ޸壬֣Ǹʵ硣
ۡ
Ǹ类ʲôڣŲһԣһ㵹ءһѪУסԼơ
һ̣ذħɫأһµӰȻɱ
ħߣ㡣Աɫ¶ֵɫ
ħߣ˵֮ΪµħħгǿޱȣһĻ͵𣬶Ƕ֡
֮Ϊǿ֮һû뵽Ҳ˺Եǰ
ôܣ˵Ѿô֣һΧңҲšԴɫг˲š
ףذħתĻΣˡˣȻûһΪҲǼµģοѾߵһΪǿս졣
ذħû˵һӰֱɱ
µħ磬Ǭڲǿ߾̾ǵĸоУ·һϴھˣͷԼϡ̫ˣĲܶΪȽʿйڵϵĴڡ
ҲһЩħʿΪߵͣȫڵϣĤݡ
һִʱ򣬺ˣԷħתȻĻֲ̫ˡ
ɫأ񱬷ԼµĹ
ײĻ綼ǵٵһЩĴϱ٣޾䡣
ۡ
ذħѪ˳ȥһըڷ
ҲܣͬԡѪѣӰˡսһûģҪ֪һ۾죬ΪµĴˣֻЩг͵Ǵʱȴһٵˣս½һޡ
е־ˣҪߡ
Ǵ۾죬಻𣬲Լ͹ŷѪƴڴʱŷ籬վ֮ϣѡ
籬飬ۣ纣ûһС
޾âţʮ磬ڲʱҪһ㡣
ԳХ۽⣬һµɱ⣬ǰɱ˹ȥһָоԼסһĻп䣬ŷǸɵԵһҲƴˣҪȥ
µײŷը飬Ԫ罣һն˳ȥ
ﱻ޾ĹâûȻˣҲܵΣգҪƹȥѾˡ
һ⣬üģֱնɱԪ

Դܵвɫг˲ʡ
һжͽͣԪһȻʼ
ܡԪ֮ǰૣΪԼɱŷԪԶԻ𶯣ǿȻɫ԰ףֱһƨ
һսǽĵ˼㣬Ĳɱһ۾죬ǴȥԾ˵˼㡣
ŷģҲʵ̫ˣǿվվסˣֻŴ̫ƣˣʱҪιȥһ
Եʬ壬ȻѾȥˣȻɢžâ˿Ըܵǿ󣬾ǵ۵ߵ
ֻȻǿ󣬴ʱҲɱˣʬһС
ĻԻͣҲѾΪ˹ȥȻǵ۵ĴڣʱҲһгɿˡ
ɱһ۵죬̫ˬˡЦĿġ
ذħϣѵõ¶һĨЦݣǺɱһ߾죬ȥˡ
ȻҲ֪ŷΪһĹûйŷĻ϶ɱԷпڶԷС
Ҳԩ


1667 
ϢһᣬŷǿǰУߵԵߣתһͷѪ۳ת貶ĿͷľϢ
ⲻһͷѪǺеͷѪ۳һΡֶдãǹŷã̱ܹΪۣҿ϶Ǵһ졣
ǹŷδãһѪպãʼָԼ塣
֮У޾Ԫŷڣڻָ徧ӨͷŲĹâ
ϼӹŷ籡˵˼㣬еԪûޱȣɢӣĲ
ذħˣҲ𾪣̾ŷơ
̫ˣ⻹δɻߣĳɻˣжôǿƣе㲻
һȫĸף˵ŷУһĨ̾
սǸŮ˵ĺȻܲޣǹŷ磬ϱѪ̫ˡذħ̾
սŵ˭۾ˣһԵı顣
һۣذħһЦͬЩԵ˵Զ˵սһͨŮӣΪԼӣֻм֪ǸͨŮӿɲͨɨ죬˵أ̤һߵ磬󶼻Ź
һذħ˵һ飬㹻ˣһ˵ϣԾˡЩϹﵱУеһ飬ҫˡ
ҵļУôûһŮˣ˵
һۣذħ˵ҲµĲĻֵǸʱӦͦʬ֪ġ
ԼıӣҲʶʵԼһֱͨʱкܶʱڳ˯
Ϊ˳ԽȥΪսʤӴ˶ʱ⡣һۣЩҧ
ҲɹˣʱһȻܳѣҲԶԶԽˣʱ޵֣Ҳһֵõɡذħ˵
Цҡҡͷ˵ڽЩϼһҲͬڽûô򵥵ģ㣬ѹôʱ䣬ĵٵ۷ʱδܹЩһǿ
ذħҲһ㡣
ʵϣҶڳԣֵ߳ҪԼԽȥ
ħߣǺεȵǿ󣬰£ħݣĿ˵޵еܣԷΪӷ˿ʼÿһ磬޾£һֱߵڡ
ϱȻδһ߼ˣǾûţ϶һֱڽ
ŷӶһջеԪȻǿ󣬵ڹŷְԵ״̬£ûа취ʲôԪϢȹŷָ֮󣬿϶ƣԼָҪһЩ
ûйãŷָԪʧ˳ʮߵǰֱӳ֣Ϊˡ
ӴԪȸղŸӿ񱩣ӿŷ˵ڣ֮£޸ܵ˺
ͬʱе˸һû˵У˵ɫڿٺתûжãֱ쳤Х綼𶯡
Ȼ˵ȫŷ֣¶һĨЦݡ
׷ʲô飿һģŷʵʵֱڣ֪ʲô飬ôһȺ̬ļһд۾ĸָ档
ص˵˵
ŷͷ뿪ݡ
ŷǻع飬黶˼Ǳڵģŷ᲻ʲô⣬Ƿˡ
޵С
𣬼˼㡣
ŷ֣Ȼһ뿪С
Щ򡣡ڣֱ˵Щ˵
ذħɫһ𣬾ȵ˵ȻǸط
ذħ֮ڳɫЩãȻŷģһֱڣҲ֪򵽵һʲôӵĵطֻ֪ǸطܲԪǵ꣬ȥ
һʲôطŷ̲סʵ
ڿ֮УʲôõطղųֵЩˣһΪϣǷС
ӴһҵأΣգҲкܶǿߣʱȱȽǣµǿߣΪֲ˽ܣΪΣյޣҲӡͣһʲôӵĵط
ΪʲôǵĵˣǸǣŷʵ
˵ͨ棬ǵĵˣӦôŶԡ
µǿߣκ棬Ǹطһ棬ǲҴеǿߡ͡
ŷ羪ȣ̲ס˵еǿߣôǿƣЩš
ҲڣǶǵĵ˵еˣǵòʧģԸǴսҶһָоΪСԼһʵЦ


1668 
ŷɫһ˵ԭǹġԷԼˣС
ʵֿܣǵĵˣǿ߱ߣÿһʱĵ˶һͬܳǵʵȣĲ̫ԶˡذħҲڣĻùŷء
ΪʲôѵΪķչʷҪ𣿡ʵ
΢΢ҡͷЦ˵Ϊʱԭ磬˽ģҪԼһһʷչ۷壬ᱻһʱ
ܶǿ߶Ϊԭ𣬲ܴȻĻǵĵǿҲѹǡذħ˵
ŷͷأŲ죬Ц˽ǾͲҪҪ졣
ŹŷĻ𶯣޾ҫֱӽû
ߣΪѾ˳̶ȣצеĸԳ֣ɱƾССɱңŷЦ⣬ֱЩԼûС
ʧǸܵ鲻Ϊ뿪
ŷϵĹâʧٴγ
Ҿܹɹڣ͸һĨŹ֡
ʵϣǲû죬̫ˣһսܶϹﶼսˣʧ֮䡣
֣δȻһ߹ŷ磬ʡĴŷ硣
ʵϣҲˣŷױҲͲйŷˡ
ҲԼܹɹŷ絭һЦޱȡ
ذħһۣԷеĸ̾Ȼ͵ʱ򣬶޷ţᵽͳ˾η
ЩˣǲǺйϵŷĿ
ҡͷһµļ壬оһ㲻õģûеô£Ҳͬģֻһʱڣٽ磬һȥĨһУˣҲδܹ鵽һЩʲô
ŷͷԶüͷ˵һЩ飬ҽѹһС
ʱ̫ˣ²޷վ۷塣Щʵڵ֮УˣǺЩǿȣͲ̫Զˡ
ʵҲˣʱ̫ˣ޷ɳ
û£˻Ϊȡ㹻ʱ䣬ǷİɣȻǿҲԲЩǳһЩһ㶼ģЦ˵ɡ
˾ȣҪѯʵʱȴ˵ˣȻЩ֪֪Ը˵ѡ
ŷҲ뵽ˣ֮У̫ܣǽǿסǸطоŲħߣأֱڣŷҲ˵Լ;ԵһС
ждܣȫ߾ĸңֱڣŷδҵԼ⹫ڵ磬ǸطԲƽ϶ǿߡ
뵽ŷ˲١
ãЩߺԼÿһȻ۷徳硣ŷ翪ڣܡ
Ҷ˷ܲѣͷĺܣǱ̼ˣҪŬԼΪʹ޵磬ҲԲҪΪһߡ
ѽҸģΪӽ͸㡣ŷóӽݸ졣
ûԥֱֽ˹Լ׸ԼĶûбҪƴǡУһµϢڳ˶һ
棿һЩ챦ƬɲϤеһЩܡ
ŷͷ˵ҴһжģҸΪӽǸУѽ˵ҡ
ŷĻ˵һ˵˹ŷ磬ѽҲ̫˰ɣҪ֪ŷڲ࣬ǿľǾȻѽ˵ˣȻӽǿĺˡ
ллϰ֡л
ŷνʼ磬˵ˣҶȥϢɣ˵Ϊˡ
ʵϣҵƶ̫أڹŷ뿪ʱ򣬹֣Ѿκˡ
ҽȻŷ磬ҲѾЩˣЩ˺Ǻɵء
뿪ŷһȺŮѯʹŷľʱʱ¶ĵɫ
ŷ羫ķˣֻԼЩǰܹķɣһ㸺
磬ǿߣǾף
ҵĨɱʥԺȻɱҿŷ绹ܹסʱֻҪǱ֪ͨϣʱһɱһ˿ڣо˸
á
ͬ


1669 ǿ
뿪һ籩
˵ʵڹŷذħǰˣȴǿе֣һ֣̫ˡ
ʥԺ֪߳ǿߣǽЩȴЩΪ磬ǿڶһΪ̵Щǿ˵ʥԺԵЩ̫ڱˡ
ҲˣѡʥԺֵԭ򡣶ЩһΪеĵطǲں¶ǳ֡
ʥԺ֮Уһֻ£ڱ񷣬ޱȣɱ˹
ܶѧܵ޴вתߣҪѡҲһЩѧԱţ»ǳҪסһ
ʱ򣬺ʥԺ⣬סֻ֣סЩѧ
һ˳˸ҷҺʥԺԺ߳磬մŭ
ߵϢϲƣز¶ļһҲڳɻˡ
ǿޱȣֱ˳ȥȻɱһաһӰ˳սߴ񷶼ˣɽ
û뵽ʥԺ֮УȻǿߡǸ˿ڣǿ֮һЩ⣬ǲԺϡ
ԺЦ磬˵֪ʲôˣҪΪŷ飬ǨŭںʥԺĴˣʥԺǿԶеô򵥡ʮ㣬ŶԷ֪ԷݣҲ޾壬ʮ㡣
ԺĻǸǿЦҴûнʥԺСĲмһӡ
ֺգֱԺֹȥ
ٶȼսϢﱻ޾Ĺâû
ʥԺеѧǶżսˣȫսȭͷ޲ԼĽôǿʵڴԼһ죬Ҳﵽ־硣
뿪ʥԺҪʥԺע⣬ȻĻڡԺɱȻ
ǸǿЦͲţʥԺУҲֻУеͣ˲ϣֻҪʥԺУɱЩˣֻϵˡ
Ȱ棬ʥԺԺЦŭˡ
ڶԷȵУгһֱɨ˹ȥ
µ鷢ˣǱǿޱȵֱ꣬ӱ飬Ԫ¶ֵɫ˲Զȥһͱɱˡ
ȻˣǿߣҲԪ񰵵ܵ˲ơ
ǣ챦ǿ߾һ
ǺɫģûһǷϸȥȴܹܵһľĺ⡣
챦һϢʹʥԺԺУͷųµܡ
ʵϣӵ챦һߵʵԱʱʥԺԺʵԱȼ߾죬ǼΪǿ֡
ֻл𣬲ܹ챦
ʥԺԺ˵֣˹ȥһձ飬Ǹǿֱ˳ȥ
һ̣ʥԺԺ֣ĸӰɳȥɫȻܵ˺ʱȫߣһ㶼ͣ
ӵ챦ǿߣǻ֮½޵еĴڣܹԸġ
ɺޡǸǿŭǾԼ˺ѧԺʵȴû뵽ԷȻӵ챦
һƿ챦ȻǳϣҲҴ
ȥҲɫûжֱӳ
֮УһµӰվ֮Լ壬µͷţ硣
ƣȻԶܹо
ǿߣδӽѾľˡǶһۣԷкȻɫ
Ȼ˵ʵܹоһǳǿߡ
ͬʱһĹնһ磬޾Ȫ֮ˮӿ졣
һӰ߳ϻڣͬͷſµϢ
ϣ޾֮߳ˣǿ硣
֮УŷиУħŮһϽ硣ڰǿߣǶһۣȴҶ֣ȻǺԼĳϣˣҲֻбķݣǱֱ뿪ˡ
ŷ뿪ķ
İɣСˡУǸǿӰڣ磬ܹ˵
ŷͷһ֣ϲǰأΪɡ
δɣһѾܳɹˣ߰죬ҪȥһƬսˡǸ˿ڣüĿ磬Źŷ磬ʵҡ
ŷ絭һЦûгϣҲûзϣħŮߵϵǰȥ
ħŮϴһĨΣȻԼ׵ǰеɬ


1670 ŷ緢Ƣ
Ͽ˹ŷһۣһû˵ҲûùŷվȻԹŷе㲻
ŷԵЩΣħŮʱһ㶼ˣЩŭĿԼһۡ
ħŮЩ𱸵ɫ̾Ϣһɡ
ŷվħŮҲŹŷվȻһѱסϣ˵ףڳˡ
ϵͷЩ˵ѾͷһˣȻкҴǲǲ׷ˡ
ϵĻħŮ֪ɫͷЩί˵ǸڵǸطȥҲ㣬ʡҪѸʱܹ߳
Ѿͷһ
ħŮһ㺦µɫûУȻЦģֵһӡӣûа취ֻܿЦһŮһ취ûˡ
û취ϿЦһ
˹ŷһۣ˵ҵʱҪ֪Ѿͷһһӽ㡣
ŷɫһЦС
Ů̫ˣѾͷһ𣬲Ҹϵ˵һ㶼Σ˵ŷŮ̫ˣһ㼫Ȳ
ŷ粻֪νͣԲ˵
˲꣬ˣҿλ͹ŷһ𣬻ǷǳҸġϹ￪ڣǷǳùŷ硣
ΪŮһ
һЦϹﲻ˵
·ΪڶӡϹ￪ڣ˵Լ֣ͨڶӵͷȴǳˡ
ϵͷܹܵ·ʵǿˣڻ߰죬ƾ춯أҪʵ۷ˡ
ҸӦĴڣҲأǲһǰǸսɡ˵ûһԥ
·ͷ˹ŷһۣЦ˵˵ĴѾ㹻ˣѾòˣȷʵԽǸսˡ
˵ĶԻŷһ㼱ˣò׼ǿսվԼߣȴҪ뿪⻹ò˻ˡ
ǹˣ粻һ˵磬צˣΪһܵסЩ쵰ŷû˵
սӣΣԽԽǿңһֱЩµצѾûж೤ʱˣ磬еˣŷЩͷۣЩ鶼ѹһ˵ϣһСغòá
ۣѹһеУܹ·ڣϴһĨЦ⣬˵۵ʱЦĸӲˡ
бôţӦʵǣҪ˵ôϻҪҿ㡣Ҳ˵ùŷ
ȫǿ⣬Ҫǹŷ磬ڸûʵӦһСʹɳˣôĵˣҲҪսĵز
ǵģһѾûйϵˣѾɹ۳ѲΪۣǱ϶޵Уʱɨе֣Բ⡣·˵
ҾҳɳЩ˾ͳˣʱһֻҡŷû˵
·໥һۣ˱ʾΪ
Ҳûκΰ취㲻ΪǵʵԵסЩ˰ɣСӣ⻹ҪǾ˰ɡ·Це˵
ŷһ㶣˵ҲǣʵȻǿ󣬵ǱϾܺͻȣǿצ֣ҲԼһҲһϡ
뵽ƽ˲١
߰ɣɣѵӶѹӵϣΪܵأϣʱЩϻ쵰ʱ򣬻ܹҵʬ塣ŷ˵꣬һħŮ뿪
쳣϶ϻ쵰ʵϣŷһֱйȻоˣϱ͹սЩ͹ŷйϵ뿪ΪӦľ棬ڹŷ˵Ǽ䲻εЩԹԡ
ԣŷղŶԼ˻һ㾴ηأǴʱȴһ㾴η֮ĶûУֱԷΪϻ쵰
ϹҪˣ֮ҲħŮοŹŷ֣һӡ
ŷ§ħŮԼıӣ˵ʵҲµΣҪ粻ңزסٵ˲ң飬ǣҲǳһ⡣
ǹŷ緢ƢԭһֽȸУЩǿ׵צʱ˺Լߵˡ
İɣЩûӣ϶˰ţϹõĵġħŮͷ
ŷƲ죬ƻϲϱ仯أצ£ΪԼܹ㾡һаɣб仯


1671 Ѫ
ŷ绰䣬ħŮûü𻰡һ˵ƻϲϱ仯ǿ϶㲻ھҪˡ
ɫ֮вû¶κɫŷ絭˵е󱲣ɡ쳣ţѾϤڸ棬е⡣
Ӱ֣ǿߣһӡ
ģӣһ˫ӾȻѪɫģѪ죬ѪɫսףһѴɢſµɱ⡣
ߡ
ŷһħŮ뿪
ǽһƬưܹŽУŷħŮվһߣ˵ĵ
ŷ磬Ӳġ
˳֣ɫᣬǽضȥݵ·ŷ뿪Ļᡣ
һ߰죬ɱң̫߹ԼˣҲ͹ˣȻǸҳ֣ǾһҪˣȫնŷɨһۣ³Ļ
ŷĻ˿Цŷһɵӡ
һǵһμˣûи߽׵ʵʱ򣬳Ϊһ׼ۣ᲻ڰ;仹˵أʲôǸ߰ʡ
ѪϣҿǿͷˣΪնأܹʥ磬ʵʥ磬ǰʮŲϡһǿЦ
ŷǳĿɨǸǿߣ˵ض벻ǰʮ磬ҲڷһεģҲҵǰҰ𣿡
ƨʥ֮УʮǿߡǸǿŭ˵ԼҪʾԼǿ
ŷһıˣǿʵǿѹǣԲʲô¡
֮УǾԵǰеġ
ô˰ɣʥеҪǿǶǸǿߵĺЩͼѪܹȵġЦ
ϻ࣬ƾЩϲģҲ˵Լǿһ˺ɨǡŷЦǸ߰ѪϣЩϧ˵ʵ̫ˣܹ߾죬дôˡ
ȻŷڵŸԼʦ֣ǸߵĴڣֻҪռߵѪԼʦָ֮󣬱øǿ󡣻߰죬ɱҲû̫ô

ѪϺǳ⣬Źŷ磬ЦСձڡ׼ˣҪɱŷ硣
ȫΧ£ħŮǲעҪģֻɱ˹ŷѡ
ϡ
ǿߣȳ֡
ʮ㣬Ȼɱ˹ŷ磬ǹŷҲô׻ǣһѪϣǳԶ˹ŷ硣
ˡ
罣ٻŷƿУֱˡ
ôĵӡѪǴŭǾԼˣŷһ˾Ȼͬʱˣֱǳıӵ
ȣһ֣ͨ貣ס˹ŷĹ
һ̣ŷڵĵطûȫһС
ѪϼЦǾһŷ粻ҲҪˣϾǿ֣Ȼǻ߾죬Ƕһս
һ̣ǵɫˣһӰ߳ɫƽżˣ˵ûǲǺˣ
ŷսսףתƣſµķ
սסѪϾһ¶һḬ̃ɫ
ǿߣҲһӵһսףǵʵ˵֮ͬ޵С
˵ôôô죬Ҳ׻ɱأԭΪлսףӽ쿪ʼս׾ͲˡѪϴЦ˼ԣҪŷսס
ŷ絹һ㶼⣬ֻǵһЦ˵бµĻɱսףҪСģҪȱɱˡ
ǿߣЩʣҲ֪ѪϵʵԽǺܶ࣬ȻҪսףûȾָˡ
ɱ
ѪˣѪ죬磬һƬѪŷûȥ
ձ飬ܲסѪܣ綼˱ˣѹһߡ

ŷͷָ˵һȻָ֣˸һֻûѪС
޾Ѫ֮Уŷһ췭ظ
ֺݺݵĽڣȫȥ̺ſµ֮·ܹݻһС
ȫѪϣɫأڿʼӹŷʵףǰˣԼеô򵥣ʵƾˡ
һ֣ɱѪϺԸսŷʵǶսĻȻӮˣҲҪСĴۣпʯ٣ȻԸⷢ顣
ǿߣΧ£ǳϳ֡


1672 ħ
ŷЦǿߵΧֱӳ֣ɱԷֻؾأһˡ
Ǹǿߣǿѹ۵ˣǱѹˣԴᣬ˲ǲʮꡣ
ɱ
ŷһǸǿ߱飬ɱ
üͷֱ¶ȻɫŹŷ磬ڿһħ̫ˣһĨɱһͬ飬ûκȡɣȫͨʹȻʵֲ̫ˡ
ʲôµģһ֡Ѫϴȣд£ʮƵĹŽڱ飬Ҫ׻ˡ
ŷӶ罣ԷӲ

һ죬ǻһһɽһǸ˻ȥ
ɱ
ŷӶ罣һǿߡ
ԷɫóԼķŷ緢գѹɫҫۣͨرԴͷųµܡ
һϡеϣͳɵıӵǿܡ
ŷֱ罣ȥڲȻ𾪵У˲䱬ˣǸ꣬һѪٵܵ˴ˡ
䡣
ŷһֱ̤Էͷ­
ء
ǸʩչͨһƬظ֣ڹŷǰ档Ȼֻбһ㣬ȴ·ǧɽˮŷһŲԷľ룬һֱûб仯
ǹҵġִЦǿռزʱԻ޾Ŀռ䣬ס˵Ĺ
׳ա
ŷƲ죬һǰر飬ȻһֻŲԴ档
һУֻУռҲ⡣ŷ絭˵Ŀˡ
ѾɱʣµǿߣɫѿǵŷĿ֮ȫɫ䡣
Ѫɫѿû뵽Լ֮£ŷɱˡ
ŷûж˵ֱ׷ɱ˹ȥǿߣѾʧȥ˶־תߣȻǱŵˡ
Ͼŷı֣ʵֲ̫ˣɱףǲ͹ŷײ
շ
ŷ֣۳շֱӽˡ
˳Ҫǹŷȫᣬ쳤Хֱӳ֡
ȥδ֣ɱһС
ǿߴɫǶ˽ֶΣҪסŷһһжͽͣշ飬ʲôûʣ¡
ۡ
ŷһ𣬺ɳȥѪɫѿеĴꪣ˳ȥսսϣŷ϶ҪˣԷɱ
ȻˣҲˣֻ˵Ĳ̫ء
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵һһڹƽˡһǵѪѪϣĿ硣
ѪЩĬĿָŹŷ磬Ц˵ȻɱǣǾԲҵĶ֡
ţʹڸղź͹ŷ罻֣δռκϷ磬ҲһΪǻ߰죬һٻʵ۷Ĵڡ
ڴʱһͷħ֣˫һ˺Ǭһ׵ŮӣŹŷ磬ʵҵҽһء
ӰħйŷΪԼĻ֮󣬹ŷһ¶𾪵ɫʥδĳˣŷ̲ס¶ɫ
û⣬ȵɱһ˵ŷ翴Ѫһۡ
ŷĻӰħѪһۣ˵Ұɱǿƣһ߰죬ڱҪɱԷ
ŷ翴Ӱħһۣɫ֮ЩȣӰħʵһֲĳ̶ȣ١
֣ɱѪϣһ¡
ѪϵͷߣоΣգŮӣȹŷҲ˶٣ʵǿ
һ⸡֣ضȥ·ȻѪϽ𣬵վŷΧסˡ
ħŮվڲԶЦЦСȭͷΪŷ͡ղžħŮ֣סѪϵȥ·Ҫӵһ
ɱûôףҪƴܹɱһˡѪ˵Ҫ˼ɵٳ֡
ֻǹŷ˸ͲĻЦһɫм
ǲ𣿡Ѫʵ
ܵһ㶼ģǸͲķˡ
֣ɱӰħڣΪǿƣҪɱԷѪϵ˷ʱ䡣
á
ͬʱΧ£ȥǳ֣ΧѪϡ
ɱ
Ѫϴƴˣ֪ԼںΣգǲĻпҪ䡣µĹ⣬ﱬƵû
ɱ⣬춯أһмҵĲɱ
ħŮվԶɫǣǰһĻΪŷ


1673 ͽѻʱ
Ӱħһ˺Ǭŷ֣ɱѪϡ
һµļսŷݻֻأȻƳȥֻ֮ӿɱ֡ڣûʲôͨȫΪ򵥱ֶΣȴΪ¡ȻһĻߣУҲᱻ˲ɱûһ
ѪϼѪҲƴˣȼձԴƴŷˡǼսĻ綼ˡ
ŷ粻壬һУսս׷⣬ǻڹŷǿʵӳ£µܡ
罣ɨѪϺɳȥϱնһӣѪһ̣Ӱħ˹ȭͷҳȥϡѪϲҽУӱˡ
Ȼȼ˴ԴҲ˵Ķ֡
ŷʵԲӰħֻ΢ȹŷһ㣬֣ѪȻǿҲǵ֡
ꪺգŷɱ
ŷ罣Ȼ˫ץס˴ꪡ
Ѫϴһ𶯴ꪣҪŷ硣ŷϷ⣬һ̣Ϣһ㣬⾧Ө͸ÿһѪǴһתͷųµ
Ҷϡ
ŷ˫
ԡ
˺ȻУǸꪶϳ룬һ߰ĻȻŷˡ
ͽֱϻ߰ʵʵ̫ˡ
һ̣ŷ罫ֱ
ۡ
Ѫϱ롣
ֻظԪ˺ѣֻ֮ӿѪڲҽУպȻˡ
һʵǿߣŷɱ
Ѫʣа񣬹ŷЦһֱӽЩѪȫһɾ
ӰħŷЩ̾Ҵû뵽ʵȻһ
ĳӰħȻҲŷʵˡ
뵱ŷ粻һ񣬱׷ɱ˲֪ԶŶ೤ʱ䣬ܹɱ߰ĸǿߡ
ʵҲҡŷ羪̾
ӰħʵȷʵеϣѾ˻߾磬߰ǿߡ
ĵΣȻģ㲻һӰħҡͷ
ŷ֪Ӱħ򵥣սʶɵ֣ȻıˣǴϸʱ飬ӦüΪǿŶԣϹŴ񾳽磬ԶԶʵʵ
ħŮ˹§סŷĸ첲ϸûˣȵȷϹŷû֮һ¶һĨ˵Цݡ
λ˭ħŮʵ
һ˫ƯӣӰħϣЩ档
ħŮʶӰħҲδ˵绹ǿһŮӡɣӰħ֪ǹŷŮˣڿ˵̬ȴһ㶼
ҽӰԺӰ㡣ӰħڣʮӲУһ˿ħŮϲ
Ӱãҽ¡ħŮɵ˵ûƽʱĹ龫֡
ƤҲǷ˵ģӰħǰħŮûֵƤ˼
˵ѾҵʥˣŷʵЩ˷ܡʥˣΨһһƻʣȴЩϹﶼҪηˡ
ŷ˵ʥ˶ȹ˷һԸⳤأˣڿʥûȫӰħѾҵ˶Է
ѾҵˣȻȥ޾£ȻֻҵʵȴѽѣҪİæӰħڣдһĨΡ
ҪõҵҽŷһӰħ
˵ͷӰħϣ¶һĨεɫԸѣȴܹ˳٣ţѾʥˣһӦתˡ
ܼᶨһԹǸģȴϲͼ
ŷӰħ˼ˣʥ˲ԸԸʥֻԸں쳾Уȹ˵һ
Ӱħȴ鷢Ҫʥˡ
ǲΥʥԸŷüЩԥ
ԷȻԸԭԼǿлˣЩء
һкеӰħ˵Ե÷ǳᶨԣһĨ
ӰħӣħŮЩģǿƵĴ㣬е̫ˡ
Źŷ֣ħŮҡŹŷ磬˵ϹʹӦӰɣȾʥˣʥ˻ѡ
Ȼ֪ʥ˴ڣŷһֶϻ꣬ʥͨӰħ˼ʥ˵İˡ
صһ£ǹŷУججҲҪѣ۹ŷΪʲôԭ
ŷһ£ڵͷҿԳ֣ǲұ֤һܹʥˣǵ棬̫ˣҲҪʥ˴ܳԼʵŤתǬΣӦüȥˡ


1674 ʥ
ǹŷĿǣΪһӰħΪ
ʥ˴ܣӦһֱǷˣججȥҪԼӦ÷ӵá
ŷĻӰħ¶һĨϲɫ
ʥҪʲôֻҪԷԼҾˡ
߰ɡŷ翪ڣӰħ·
ͬУһ硣ʱ򣬹ŷ̲סЦͨǾһϹŴ磬кͿƼΪ򣬱ϸĻֿˣ˭Ҳû뵽ʥתȻһСС
ȻӰħŹŷǣƼиȥ
ãŷ̲סҪЦʥˣҲ˼ҪˣֱӳΪһͨˡ
˶ʮһ͵ĵһƬгƼУΪܶңһѾʼŽ̫ˡ
˺СħŮ̲ס˵һ䡣
ڿƼУҲȫûߣǶΪͨߣУֱͬһ
࣬ȴܹų嶼оηĹâһʱоݿƼչ۷徳磬ǵصսȫǿߵĴڣֻûг𣬱ĨɱˡӰħڣ˵һʱ顣
ǸʱȻҲпƼҷչһµľ磬ÿһսȻߣǵصս棬ʼ̣ŷ綼һҪĸоǾԷǳ¡
ʵϣƼﵽ̶ֳȣҲͬ˵ʵǵĸʵҲԲ˺ܶʼǿߣֻû۾ǿߣվ鳾ˡӰħ˵
վڽֵϣ·仯ķװһ
ʵϣķչо˵ԣĴţͶʮһͣͬС졣ŷħŮҲ仯ͷǸӰħһС
һüͷЩƽò֮ϣ¶һĨЦݣһⲻǡԷţһ㶼Ƣõе֡
ʥˣ˵ħŮŷ綼Щš
СӣΪǸ͹ˣҵĽţҵĽŶˣҪҽҩѣҲҪ࣬ʮǮˡһ׳ϴһ̣ԵЩ
ЩԱҪȰһ£ǵʱȫվҹ
λӶڲ֣Ȱַ£̸۱顣ָָץסԼӵ֣º͵˵һ㶼û˼
ſһСô죬˭ȥҸ㣬ǮĻͱߣһֵˣСӱȻǶϽţǾ˵ˡЦһԶԷӡ
ɷӣʮˣһһỹҪˣںͿȵĹ˿ͣѾˣ뿪
λˣϲñˡ궢ŵº͵˵
ϲЦһӡ

һ죬ɿӣԼ°ֱˡ
Щ飬ñǽġϴЦ⣬һ㶼ղǸղųֵˡ
һֲֻŵ˹ȥɫУ߳˿
Ĺŷ缸˵ʱһ£ֹŷ缸˵Ŀ⣬ƶ
굱ȻɵľùŷǸСܣ˵ʷǷһ֪ͨˡ
λʲô𣿡ʵ
ŷ뿪ڣӰħȴϽҡͷ˵û¡ڹŷƵУ뿪ˡ
ЩĿһӰħŷû˵㣬ɶ˼ļ䣬Ϊʲô˵û¡
ӰħɫЩȻû˵ʩչһĵĸ
˲õʱ򣬹ŷǿһܳŮߣĸ첲֮ܳС
һĻŷ˶ʱףΪʲôӰħͶԷˣȻһԭ
һʥˣѾԼİˡ
ǽʥ˻ѣ˭Ҳ֪ܲܽӰħҲӰħҺͶԷϵԭΪһŮʣȻԼһĶûС
Һ֮飬Ѿȥ޾£Ҳ֪᲻ϲңһûаӰħڣͬһ
ǿ󿰱Ȼ߰ŮʣʱҲìУԸ飬һδµСŮ
ǧҲĥ飬ˣǾͲ氮ħŮڣŹŷУźһ顣
Լ԰ĸţֻҪˣ۹˶ȴһֶԿԽʱգʯãԶǡ
Ӱħĸߣת˲֮Ѿʮءһʱ䣬飬ӣȥֱһ죬һʹĺǸӰڲ껯ţڷǰĬȻݿ¡


1675 ʥ˸
Ӱħдʹ˳
ʱʥˣͷ׷Ѿĺ꣬Ӱħ͹ŷǵʱȻңҲһ¡
Һǣ˵ˣ̫ڲˣʹѾȥʮ꣬ѾЩˣеӡ󣬾Լˡ
ǵİˡӰħʹ˵ˮǱʯһ㾧ӨɢĳΪһӨ͸ıʯ
ˣֻһˣѾڻУӣʥҡͷϡ
ӰħĽŲһԣʥˣѵѾ𣿡
СҪѰҿˣĲʶ㣬ҵһ֮Уֻһˡʥ˿ڣɫдһĨɬ
ߣȴҲò˶ˣҪ׷ŶԷȥ
Ӱħɫ԰ףЦһһֻһˣǰأԹʵһĲҰס
ŷһ߿̲סҡͷӰħʵе㿴״ںԵģʥûмǰ벻Ӱħ˭
Ӱ㣬㲻Ҫˣѵˣʥ˲ǵǰŷ˵ȰӰħ
˵İ飬ǹǧҲȴˣǾǲҡӰħЦ
ŷ翴ħŮһۣħŮͷ֪Ͳ˵ֻˣںˣӰħȻˣԼϣţǼ⡣
㣬ʥ˲Ըǰ飬ԹȴģȻĻǹǧ꣬޾£Ҳġŷ翪ڣȰԷ
Ӱħ΢ùһЩЦһһ㯵ĶԷ̾Ϣһû˵
ǵ˵ʲôʥ˿ڣѯˡ
ŷǵĻ֪˵һЩʲôΪǲǰ֪Լʲôӵǲ֪ŷǵĳζʲô
ǰʥˣָǰļġŷ翪ڣ˵Լ⡣
ŷĻʥŷǵڿһЦһ˵λѾǽ֮ˣͲҪƭˣǲʲôа̵ġ
ȻŷǵʲôаͽͲŹŷĻ
˵ĶģλӰ㣬ӰħǰİˣǲŵĻǸָǰļ䣬ˡŷ粢żЦŽ͡
ɫ΢΢һ£ʥ˵˼ǰһӦþǴ˵еЩ飬鲻ȴ䣬Ȼһң϶ˣȻһѡˣҲûбҪı䣬ҲҪָ䣬νǰ޹أֻʯ塣
ʥһ֣ʯ壬Ŀڣһ㶼ûߵĳٶۺͽӲ
ĻӰħɫˣŷ̲סЦһʥˣֱһ֡
һΪʥˣΪʥˣ޷ѵҲɲ㣬ȫʢʱڣҿ϶ܽôӣȴ޷ֹκ飬ڵ磬Ҫǿߣ㲻ܳΪһˣ̫˷ˡŷĻϣһԥûС
ʯһ£Ȼû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿƣͲԼһ㷴Ļᡣ
ôоʥˣôءʯЦ
ŷ絭һЦΪҹŷ磬ǻһˣ¶Ըҹŷ粻һһдӴΪʥˣܹ赲ҵԸ
ŷĻǳᶨһضû
ڳ˶ˣȷʵЧû˽ģֻΪ˴壬֮䣬ء
ѡĬǲ˵ŷǰʯ壬Ŀ⣬ʯ嶼Щ
һ֮УκˣǴʱԹŷ磬Ȼһĸо
Ҫˡŷ˫н˸ѾʯڣԼԴһƣֻҪ⿪ָܹǰļͨ
Ӱħ˵ǽƣͽⲻʹ⿪Ҳп˵Լͬʱ˵ʥ˱Դ
ǶԹŷ˵ȴһ⣬ֶΣҪ⿪ƣǳ򵥡
һֻ£ʯ屾ܵҪܣǺ͹ŷȣʱֻһˣôɱùŷơ
һֻͷﱻûûй೤ʱ䣬ŷӹâ˳Ųԣһڵϣ¶Ծɫ̲ס˵ʥ˾Ȼôǿ󡣡
ŹŷһӰվ˲磬ߡ
֮ããȫ۹û嵱Уվأһ˫۾ȱɨ
ʥˣգ


1676 ǻ쵰
ڻˡӰħ˵ʥ˵һԵӡ
ŷħŮվʥˣ¶һĨЦݡʥ˻ع飬ǵѹӦûٲٰɡ
һʥˣǾѪȻӦǾһ
ʲôˣŷͻȻɫһһץȥ
һϹŴץɪɪܲסŷơ
Ǹŷһ֣ǸϹŴڵϣսսŹŷˣɫЩãȻ
ĿߣֻǺȻûϳŷ磬ҪȻҲûôˡ
λˡǸϹŴη˵ΪϹŴ죬ϹŴУҲǿˣǺ͹ŷȣʵǲǹŷԼϢѾڵˡ
ʵʱϹŴҲںڣӦԼУǿϢԸϹһ£ȴû뵽Ȼ˷֣һץסˡбԹԼҪ군ˣǰ˶ǿף磬ǿԿ϶ǿ󵽿µʿ˵ǰûߵĻᡣ
Ҳʥ˷࣬иǲܵϵϣһͱȻˣΪʥ˵׷ߡ
Ҳǹŷ磬ȻȻһṆ̀ѹ
Ҫ£ǹŷ磬Ӧҵ֡ŷ翪ڣԼ֡
ŷ磬֮ǸϹŴɴ۾һ𾪵ӣ˼ĶŹŷ硣
ۣŷǰˣȻ
оУŷһĴڣеΪŷ֣˾ݵƣǵĶ޲ߣǳɹĵۣ綼ʾ
ϹŴҲһǹŷĿȵķ˿ŷֵʱļֱҪιȥ
ۡ
ǸϹŴֱӹڵϣͶأĤݹŷ硣
ⲢˣʵϣҪһЩѣҲ飬˵ŷǾԵoΪ顣
˶ɡŷ翪ڣöԷڹ飬ΪУΪԵĵطһǹŷҲܷϳΪ۵ϣģŷûӦʵû۵Ǹ̶ȣЩȱ٣Գгһ˵ơ
ǸϹŴվɫȣĿݣվЩ֪롣
һ飬þнȵɹ֮󣬱뿪ŷЦ˵ԷöԷʲô
Ͼκˣǹŷһ񾭴ںܶණǺ⡣ŵǰϹŴ
㣬ʲô飬ʹٵ磬ҲʲôԹԡǸϹŴ񼤶˵
ŷ̲סЦ˳̲ס˵һٵʲôܲѾ˼ʮˣһõططԱ֣ԺʱĻһҵķˣġ
֮˵Ϊ̫Ƕʮһ͵ĵˡŷǶѾˣһǧ궼Զˣ֪ʹˣ̬ˣżʱǶЩǰˡ
ǹŷȻܿٳһ磬ָʮһʱ״̬е̫ɥ־ˡ
ĿƼʱ򣬹ŷѾ˾Ҫýٻ棬ᵽѾȥĻ
찡һҪúðţһǶܹĿĵġǸϹŴ񼤶˵ҪԼ棬ֱҪ˵ķˡ
Ҫ˵϶ܶ˻ĽԼ
Ҫ֪ǿ󰡣۵ŮˣˣЩŮˣһҲǿߣԶԶԽЩϹŴһָ㣬ˡ
뵽ϹŴβֱ˵Ҫˡ
ÿⰲţӾͺáŷЦ˵Ȼ˵뷨ŷνϾû˭Ϊ˭ȥһЩʲôԷҪһЩôҲȻġ
ǡǸϹŴ˵ɫׯ϶档
Ӱ㲻ûҡһǸصӰС˵ĴЦ˵ǰ
ǸϹŴһ仰û˵㱻ֿµϣֱ˹ȥǴΪУѹʵ̫ǿˣܵķΧ
ȻѾԭ򣬲ȻĻϹŴɡ
ŷ֣һ⣬ϹŴϣƲƲ죬˵Ǹʥֵܣ㲻ҪӰ㣬ģʹҲ֣㻽ѵģôţֲϢ
һ˫ɫӣŷ磬¶һЩͨʥ˵˵͵սһǻ쵰


1677 ӣδ
л佱û뵽ʥ˾Ȼʶʦ𣬿ǻŷЦе˵
ʵϣʥ˲Ըں쳾֮лججֽԷѣѾǷ˶ԷĽɡ
Էֻ˵һ䣬ѾǺƽˡҪǻŷ磬϶ҪѵǸһٵġ
ת֮ǰδʦ𣬲ȻĻҿ϶ж˿顣ʥ˿ڣ˵ĻùŷĿɿڴ
ж˿飬һڿˮʾе㾪֡ʥˣòԼʦĵ˰ɣ
ģҲʦĵˣֻǸһ£ʵ̫ˣҲòתֻأһֱڣű㻽ѡʥ˿ڣ˵Ļ
ŷĿɿڴȵʵתΪԼҪ𣿶Ϊʦԭ򣿡

ŷЩΣսʲôʥ˽ֻأֲʥ˶Ҫˡ
Ҫʥ˵ʲôʳ̻ˣʥҲֻһƺҲƢ£ֶμңЩ׺ݵˡ
仰Ӱħͷʯ˵Ĳ
Ľʯ壿ŷЩȡ
Ҳ֪ɺϻ⣬һתѣǽʯ壬ʯ磬㻹ǵӰ𣿡˵ӰħЩʯ壬һӣҧԼĴ
ǵãӰ㲻Ӧùŷ绽ңҪսʻңȻûһ٣ʯȭͷðŻ⡣
ŷզ࣬ʯ˵ӰħûԼʲô˼ˣӰħҪᣬսʡ
ʦǲܵģѾ뿪Ǹսŷ翪˵Щ
ʯ΢΢һ£üͷ˵Ѿصز𣿡
΢΢˸һĪûУ˲䶴ϤһУ֪ˡ
ԭֲЩϼһﶼ뿪˹ŷһۣɫЩͬ顣
ŷзֹʲô˼ΪʲôԼ̲סʵʲô˼
û¡ʯû˵ǿǸӣҲû¡
ɫЩڣŷƿڴĳ嶯һģŪЩţΪʲôµҪˣû뵽ʯȻһû£ʹ˹ŷ硣
Կ϶п϶ʲô
϶飬ʥ˲˵ѣ㲻Ҫң˵ʲôҪŷʵĲ
ãԲԷ˵һû飬϶ʲô鷳ʯ岻Ը˵Ͳ
û£ϼһῴģİɡʯ尲ο˵
Խ˵ŷԽзֹʲôῴԼģ⻰ˡ
ҵС㲻Ҫҡŷֹ
ʯ̲סЦЦ˵õľۣȻҲ˵ԼСҲ±ЦİɣĲʲôģֻǳһͷѡ
Կͷһŷ絹ǲ£ߵһǿߣһǴʬɽѪģͷԵ̫ˣͲں
ͺáŷֹ
һ̣ʯ֣ǸĹըһͷ׷Ůӣϴƣϡܹʱա
˯һʵϣŮȷʵ˯ˡ
ӰħʩչֶΣ˯ʵӣٻʮûеʱ
Ϲ⻪תӣѣʮʯʱһ£Ȼ¶һĨЦݣ˵ôҲˣǵô˼һůûһ㲻ͬ
ʯ帧ӣƵգ˵ûҲܵظҲԺҲһҪԶһ𡣡
ӣȻЩס
һߵӰħʯĻŴŵĵɾ壬ڵϡ
ǸϹŴ˹ʱޱȣǻߵᣬ̺˵ֱ˵ܹӵеĻܹܿ硣
ȴҶûڳ˵ɲȥһߵᡣ
Ůʿġŷ˹ȥǵĿģʯͷ˵һ顣
Ӱħʯ֮ĹϵҲû©ֱ˵˳
ӣβһУЩ̾ϢĿʯһۣԼӵգЩɬ˵ʵǲӦʥˣվھ֮ϣӲֻһͨŮӣܹ䣬λ㣬ܹЯֵԶˡ
ҵӣûʲô䲻ģҲ˵Ļʲôʱ㶼ҵӡʯɫᶨ
ǣӣӰħһۡ
ʯ뿪ڣŷ˵ˣɷ檣ʵƽһ޸Ӳˡ
ŷ翴ĳʯ岻ܷӣӣֻһˣܵ˺ǹŷֵʯ˵ʲô˺ӰħĻǰڣ˵Լ⡣
Ӱħʵ̫ˣȴôʱ䣬ȴȵһùŷ綼ЩޣʯٲҪӰħĻŷˡ


1678 Ϲ
ӰħվǵȵʯС
ʯĬβſڵӰԸһ𣿡Ȼ˶ףһ𣬲ˣǼһӣ
Ӱħһʹĵͷһӡ
ı֣ŷа̾һʵϣӣʯ֮䣬ĺи飬ǳ޳ʯһӵŮˡӰħ˵һ¡޾£վȻȵһҪͱ˷Ĵʵ̫һ㡣
ԼŷҲãԼȷʵûʲôʸ˵ֻŮˣʯ̫ˡ
ߡħŮ̲סһʯ쳣
ʵϣЩ꣬Ӱħ֮ĹϵദĺܺãȻԸԼĽóԿ
ħŮߣӣЩ֪˶дµˣԼһ
ӣҪԸģʵϣУ飬Ҳվ̫ڼįһЩӣӵ飬ǻù١Ӱħڣ֪ħŮΪԼ򱧲ƽ
ӰħĻȻħŮٲҲûа취ˣϾǶԷ飬Ҳûʲôȥ˵һЩʲô
գħŮֻװͰ͵ĺʯ˵һҪӰһ㣬Ҫ֪ãϹ㡣
ħŮĻŷһ飬ЦãԼҪùԷﻹóô顣
Ǻǣ¹Ȼ˵ˣȻҶӰãô꣬ҶԲʯ忪ڣһ㶼û
֪ͺáħŮС˵еơվǺù˲٣Ϊʯ̬ȷǳϿңһﻹǱȽϿɿġ
֪϶ҸղŵĻе㲻мϹڲĶ֣ǲõĽһᳬԽЩˡħŮ˵
Ҳߣ֪Խ󣬾ԽԽѣԹŷģΪȻᳬԽЩǰܣ޵УɨŽδ
㻹ģҲãСпܳԽңڴһ졣ʯЦ˵ûз̵˼ȫǷġ
֪ͺáħŮЦ˵
ŷס˵ĶԻ˵ȻѾˣӦûǵˣˡ
ֵʯȻˣЩȵ˵ѵҪһʲô𣿱˵ĳЩˣ
Ӧ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ᡣʯֱӻشһԥûС
ŷ¶һϵӣЦ˵Щϼһһԣ֪ǵʲô˼ⲻУǲģȥǣԼΪɡ
ŷĻʯЩվڹŷһ£ġ
Щ⣬ȥȴ˼һЩûг֣ŷȻˬˣΪ鶼ѹڹŷϡ
ǵƣҪЩ飬ΪŷɳĥʯŷֲɵӣȻܹоһ㶼ûЩ˳ֵ˼ȵﵽʱԼȥ
ңͬʯ˵һЩϼһƣ϶ԼãʵϹŷȻһ㣬ҪӦģҲֻЩ
˵һʧˡŷҲʮЩϼһܹ㵽ֿܣĴĻΪһжܹǲɵء
һУͿԼŬˡ
ûĥһ˲ܵ۷壬ʹΪѾźõ飬ҲдΣգһ⣬пܻᱻɱ
ȿȣꡣʯɿһ
֪ܶණǲܺ͹ŷ˵ϱ˰ţΪҲ硣ܴǵİţһЩ棬ͽ
ټ
ŷħŮ뿪
ʯ忴ǸϹŴһۣһץһӳͣһʵԴûУȻӸǸϹŴ
Щķˣպˡ˵꣬Ůˣֱ뿪
ǸϹŴɫȻ֪ʯݣȴףܹþ۹ŷ綼ϼһˣһµĴڣпǹŷĳ
ľȻӳһҲԾˡ
ʵϿ¾ʯҲ֪ԼӳһƱԴպͳһϸ֣λɾǿΪ
ŷصݣݻʱЩһ
ЩȻ֪ŷȴûг֣úܶзֹˣ˶һоĹǻˡ
Щȥˣʵ
ھУһʥ˻ˣҵһȼٵĺõطͶʮһ͵ĵһŷЦ˵
ղǸ˾ʥˣ񾪺
˵ǸطٻĿȣȻЩŮ˹עĵ㣬ȫһ


1679 ҽ
ŷ署ԼЩľһȺŮǶӰħǳͬ顣ʯ壬ɻĴܲɫǣ˵ʯһӰħȻһŮˡ
ǵŷеôһָźͺ¿ĸоҪ˵ģòȶԷӻġ
Ǿ쵽ŷΣ̲סЦһ˵ϹǸʯκȣÿһãǳΣ۷ʲô飬Ҳеκһˡ
һǻĴܲɫǡŷ˵
ŷһЦӣŮ̲סЦ˳
ϹİɣǵУԶˡԯϴһĨЦ˵
ǾͺáŷһµӣǵüŮ̲סЦ
ʥ˳ֳһЩվƽϢˡһգݷùŷ磬ǰԻʡ
ʲô飿ŷѯʣλ֮ϣʱӵĲһִŰԻʣðԻʶоѹ
Ұ壬Ұ١Իüͷ˵
ŷһ⣬ҵ𣿡һֱǹŷǵͷ󻼣ŷһֱҪ壬һֱûҵᣬˣ壬ŷҵ壬Ȼ塣
ˣŷѾȻ顣
Ȱڣǹŷ뷨ֻҪ֮û֣Ǻʢ˲һЩ£콾𣬳ΪеǿߣʱԿˡ
ûУǳ࣬Ǹ֣ƷӣɱһЩ˱뿪ˣҵģǻϮԻɫһĨء
ŷ翴һۣû˵ףԻԼԲֻǸԼô򵥣ӦѾҵ˶ԲߣԼ϶ʲôҪԼ
ҿʲôŷѯʡ
һλ棬ǰԽ磬㹻ʵ壬пܵĻܹҵǵڡԻʶŹŷ磬ҪŷķӦ
֪ŷҽܹκ棬ǰԻоδҹŷ磬Ϊ˴֮䣬ȻѣҲǵˡ
ȻȻϿɹŷأȴΪŷȥΪʵһֱû顣
ʱȴò˵ˣΪϮǸܵи֣Ʒô򵥡
ûи򣬰д鷳
ŷȻܹԮҲȥԮһս˷˶ŷδܹ֪
ԣԽ֮УԼӵһ֣ǼҪġ
û⣬ݣŷ翪ڣ˵һӦ֣Ҫΰ档
ŷĻԻһ¶ɫʵһδŷӦٹŷҪԥܳʱ䣬Ѿ˺ܶ໰׼˵ǹŷһû⣬ȴеĻ˶档
ôͬô죿Իʶʵ
ŷЦĿһۣ˵ѵϣҲͬ⣿Ǻã˰ɡ
ŷĻԻһ飬ӦˣϽ˵ˣûǸ˼۲ҪҼƽϡ
ͷ亹Ȼ֪ŷڿЦǹŷĲӦˣʱ޶ûеطȥˡ
ŷ̲סЦ˳ðԻɫΡ
棬֮ܲءԻʿЦ˵
ŷһ£ŰԻʡ
˼ǣȥԽ磿ŷʵ
ԻʵͷɫЩΪѺΣЦ˵ʵȫԽ籾Դά뿪Ļ̱
ԭŷĬһ£ſ˵֪ˣʮʱ׼
лԻʹ֡
Ȼ֪ŷҪʮʱʲôǺȻԻûʣ뿪ֱӻص˰Խ硣
ʲôҪȥԽ磬һһˣСＫԡ
ŷҪΰʱ򣬷ɫѾˡܱĴڣٶǻʵĸڣŷǽ˾Ⱥˣʽܴᷢı仯
ǷǲԸ⿴ģ磬ݶ󣬹ŷɾ׼λ硣
ǰ帴һ棬˭Ҳ֪ʱʲôʵϣһֱҰĲҪɾͻ壬壬ֻӦôѹӦ׳ʵ
㵽ôģ屻ǾͱɣʲôϵҾͲ嵨Ǿݡ￪˵ȷԹŷľ
ŷ翴˷һۣ̲סҡͷȻ飬ܹķǳ׵վȱ˴ǡ
΢΢һ£ɫЩ


1680 Ҫо
֪϶ȻǫͣҲһЩŬҿУ뷨Ҳ֪ŷ˵ûпı飬ĵ˵ţ÷ɫһ͡
Ҿе㲻￪ڣԼ뷨
ŷصԼλϣʥû˵㿴ǾݵĴƣȴûпĴƣҲ֪ȴԸȥǣ֮УǼǿһǿ߱ǵĴڣںǵеսŲɺӵãɰ帲ǵһ֧
һͳ棬ʱҲǻԻޱȣһһ硣Ȼ˵
ԾţΪ飬ǱȻܹǿߣһޱȡ
˵˵ѪѪʲô𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
һ£Ŀǣҡͷûκ𡣡
ʵϣȻսѪ˵ףҲֻǾѪѣˣȻ󲿷ǵӱĺˣЩӱҲǼǿģϸ˵֮Ѫûκ
ƴ󣬰ޱȣЩȺ۰޹⣬Ȼǿ٣ǽֻ½ߣ𣿡ŷʡ
ﳹסˣŷ˵Щˣȷʵûгʲôˣ磬Ⱦݲ֪˶٣ȴǿ߱һ˺ܶ
Щ꣬˹ŷһˣǿˣͬޱȣǺ磬̤ǿߵѪǣһ·߸裬Լʵ
Ǿˣȴûʲôȡ֮ȻһЩҲʵƽʹǷҲ죬ھ֮УѾǱȽϾˡ
ûоûнһͳĻ磬ǲءŷ̾Ϣ
뷨ҪоþΪǴһ´ͬ磬ȴһЩ
צҪ𣬵ǰ壬ȴϣܶмŷ翪ڣء
ͬ׻һףΪʲôԼԶȲϹŷ磬ʵ⣬أûйŷǡ
ˡЦ
岻ҲҪģ棬ĶǳãʹңҲĺһŷ簲οѣŷ粻Ϊһ飬֮ĹϵʲôѺۣ˹ŷһۣͷЦ˵Ѿ˵ôˣһףǾҲûʸλˣİɣ֪ôģҲҪСģһǸ϶ֵָĻܻΣա
ЩģŷھݵĹǣǳ⣬ݾˣЩҲûѡ
ҼȻҴӦ;аգҪĻҲһ߾ͷѪŷЦɫгĮʮ㣬ͲĶԷɡ
ŷʮӣһ֪ŷԼ뷨ȻģͲõġ
ˣ׼뿪ɡŷ˵
˹ŷһۣȥ
ﱻûŷʮʱת۱ȥˡ
ӣһ̤뿪
Խ֮Уŷ絽һһԽ֮еǿߣȫ𣬻ӭŷ硣
ǵɫǳ֣еľηеĴһ⣬ȴصĺܺãһĨ¡ҲеǷǳݵĶŹŷ磬Ŀȡ
ӭۡ
еǿȫ֪ŷһΪʲôܶǿ߼֪ԼҪָˡ
ŷҽӹɣֻҪûʲôܹѵŷġڳİˣһ㣬Ȼˡ
渴յĻҪǿˣһ߾ĴڣʵǿᣬֻΪһЩ⣬ܵشڱԴеסİԽǿߣþֶΣҲûнκá
ӭۡԻʺͰԵǣŰеĻߣŷϹ
ѾǼŷˣҪ֪ŷȻϾۣʵϣǶͬʿڰԵǣŷѾǰ˹ŷһͷ
ŷһڣ˵ö񣬴ȥǵ档
ʹ죬ȻѾˣͿ϶ӣϽ˶Էòõʱ䡣
ѵЪϢһ£Ұ̲סʵ
ŷĿʱɫЩΣ΢һŷѲȥڳƺԷΪۣҲȴеΡ
ˣǶǷˣòôһףȽκãҲҪһϲʱҳǵĳѨҵҪ廹ܴڶ೤ʱ䡣ŷо˸


1681 
ҰɫЩ͹ŷȣʵ̫Сˡ˹֣һߣ˵
۸Իʿ˰ҰһۣȻ˵
ŷͷŰԻʣǽ˰ԽġʷŷǾ֮УһԽ縹صˡ
ֻһǣȴûмˣŷиܵһϢ·ʱʧһ
ͬʱһ쳣嫵ϢάϢ
ŷ֪ǰԽ籾Դ֮ءǸϢǶԷ档Ƿ⣬ֻӵлսܹڡ
ʥأÿһԱ֮أǶҪΪĳԱ
Ϊӵ˻սڰ֮еλͲͬնкܴȨƺϡ
˽ȥ
ŷܵһأһŴѹһδֱ̤ͣѹ˵㲻ʲô
ԵͰԻʶһۣԷеľ̾ȻһĻߣȻѹѹϣҲͻȻ֮ЩӦһͣ٣ǹŷ磬ȴǸûо쵽һ
ⲻΪûо쵽ΪŷʵѾǿ󵽿ѹĳ̶ȡ
һ֮ϣǾ޷͹ŷȡ
߽УϰȻжµĲɣУ֮䣬ŷԼ˺ɳ֮ʱǸʱһж쳣ĵģһǣں֮ϣŸֳ
ǿԭʼǿ飬֮޾׶֮У˺ۣ¼һС
ǿ֮𣿡ŷʥ˸ȣϣһƵƸ֣Ƕǿµӡۡ
С
ԻʺͰԵ˺ȻǶһۣ˶ԷеšһѪȻǵϣȫΪһ塣
Ǿ˵һĻһ˵޵У飬Ӧ÷Ŷԡ
ûпڣҲûдϹŷ磬Ǿ۲һСΪԼѡŷںϣЩ
ʵϣ֮һֱһ˵ںϣõԵʶ𣬳ɾλǱ
ŷϣֵ֯һͬǺû״һһǰУǰ߶Ƕ𶯣ڸգ޾ܡ
Ǿ˵һĻյĳ֣ǰ˵Ӱݻ棬ɱ֡
һԶ߳лϽɫϢϣѴ棬Ҳ˻ƽʥȣһֻתǬ˿ƽһָһߴ飬ɢ
ЩԶ񣬶ǳ£ԶԶԽˡ
죬ǲѾսĳʼ𣿡аԱ
ǿһ˵еʼ棬Ѿսˣǽȴˡǿޱȣǰһһ𱻴򱬡
˾ǵʼ澹Ȼǿ󣬻ɱͬһֱϡ
һ̣һʵĹ£ǵʼ治ʵŭͬը֮䡣𶯣һУȾӢ۵Ѫ
ǴԽʱ䣬ؾͷһС
ߵĹŷ磬õϢ࣬ףⲢǰǣʥǡ
ǳأڿ֮ڣıȻԻٵ£ǱƵΪǵʥء
ŷһеʧӰȫɢ̾Ϣһǵļ䵱У˵絽Ǻεȵļѡ
ǵĵ̫ǿˣǰʼĴڣɱ
ЩӰУŷ翴֣Ҳ֮ĵˣͬĨɱ顣
ΪʲôǷʲôΪʲôҲҪĨɱǡŷһҪŭĳ嶯
û˸ŷ𰸣Ҳϱ֪ǺȻڲҾǼŷ磬Ҳδػ
ûд𰸣ֻйŷ罫Լȥ׷Ѱ𰸣Ҳȵ޵ʱǸʱ֪ˡ
ָԭӣǰ
ԻʺͰԵһۣҲӸղǸŹŷ磬˵ɫԽԽȡ
ŷѾʶĵ·һҵһȻֱ˽ȥԻʺͰԵˣϽŹŷ磬ȥ
һ꣬ȴͷ׷貵ĹûУ岻ͣհ屾Դ
ŷ˹ȥǸ˻ѣѾĴһ㣬ǿճϣһɿµаԽ籾Դӳ֣Ѿȥ
ֲðԻ˵޷ǰݣֻҪ뿪Խ籾Դͻ
ˡԽ濪ڣɫƽûκμһ㶼̫ŷܲκԼ
ǵģˣ׼㣬ӣͻȻˡŷƲƲ죬ĵ˵


1682 ս˵
ȻȻû뵽ŷ˵Ļһ£ȻЦЦ˵ȻΪɹżң¾ڲͬ
л佱ƨҲûãЩˬŷƲƲ죬ڴ֮ҵһλ¡
ԻʺͰԵ˽˵ĶԻ֪֮䵽׷ʲô顣
ŷӣòһܲˬӡ
û˵վɫ֮Щ
òǹŷʱ˰ɣĻе鷳ˣû򣬰忹ⲻĹ
ʱڰҪֵĻֱ̫ˡ
ۣ׷ʲô飿Ի̲סʵ
ۺҿЦأǲҪ档濪ڣǣɫǳɡ
Ĺŷ粻ԼҽΣϣдǣ£Բܹںһ𣬼ЩϢ
ˣǲܸա
ԣŷȻӦ˸ƣͿ϶֡ӣղֲ̲ıЩϵ
ŷԼıӣû˵˱ţƾʲô;ãһơ
۾Це˵Ϊۡ
һۣ˵һУǣ
ˣƨۣҴں˵ĲһΪƵģϾһѴ֣ܱһ˷սĺáŷ˵浱֣֮У˲࣬ڵ֮£ҲֻйŷԼһˡ
ԻʺͰԵɫ΢΢һ䣬Ǿùŷе̫ˣȻԼƣҲۣҲܶԼҪǳ⣬ȴһۣǼڵĻɤۡ˵˹ŷһۣЩ
ŷ絭һЦҪǲĻҾͲˣʡĳֺá
ԻʺͰԵɫһһۣԷеĿЦ
͹ŷദ޷ռݰϷ磬һһ֣Ͳ˵ĸܡ
ǲ˵һʵġ
ǵӣŷһĨЦ⣬Ȼǳ⡣
ˣ۲Ҫһʶˡ濪ڡ
ԻЩƣǵͣȹŷ绹أʵ˵Բǹŷ˵ԡ
ǴʱԼȴ˵Ҳܷ
ͻȻãԼ˸ֱһִʵ̫ˡǰûз֣ŷԭʱ򣬾Ȼ˵ᡣ
ϣҾͲƽˡŷһӣ쳣һﻹ潫Լǰˡ
ˣڴ˶лˡ˵
лŷһ㶼ûв˼ֱ˵
߹ȥȻһֻû뱾ԴСԻҪڣѹŷǰԽ籾ԴԾѪе⡣
ʱ򣬹ŷϢˣϽɫ˸Ȼǰ˶̲סԾŴ͡
ôܣԻʾ
ԵҲ𾪣ŷ֣Щʧ
ǰԾһ£Ȼ̲ס̾øͨ
ʮ仯ʦսʥʵͨŷ翪ڽ͡
յʮ䣬̫ڷǷˣܹıԼϢ˸;첻
屾ԴԾѪе⣬ǹŷһֻϢ˰Խ籾ԴһųⶼûС
ŷڰϣΣ۾
аԽ籾ԴȻĻͲ֪Ѿ˶೤ʱˡŷ翪˵һûС
˵Ĳƣλֳ˽ֶΣδκã˵Լֻİ屾Դά״̬ûһʧ䣬ƽ
ʵϣô£ѾˣʹŷβҲûʲôʧġ
ҵ˹սʼ棬ͽκˡŷ絭˵
ŷĻ¶һĨεɫû˵
һĿⶢڰϣŷɫŹֵ˵㲻Ҫϵƣǹսʼģ
ǡ
ŷУֱӳˡ
ȿȣŷһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסԼʼôǿƣȻ˹ˡ
ʲôԭǲ˵ĻҲҳ־ˣϾҵʼˣһΪʲô޷ԭµԭҽκãҼʼҲԸġŷ֣ص˵
ʵһǺ棬սײβһֱ֪ЩʲôôͰͻ
ȿȡ
ɫˣӾԻˣҲ˺棬ֻ֪Լˣȴ֪Ϊʲôԭ˵ġ
ڲ֪Ǳս˵ģֻǹսΪʲôҪ֣ǾͲˡ˵ӡУ͹ս֮䣬ӦûʲôͻŶԡ


1683 Ϊ
ŷɫŹ֣ʲô飬һǿߣ˼ڵġ
ô£ŷʡ
ɫӺˣԵǶ쳣״̬ԵĲΪ棬޾һֱܵȻûǽ
У϶ʲôԭҲԼ棬ҪŪһס
Ӧ˵۹⣬ЦһЩ˼˵ʼԴףĶ֣ʱһ㣬һֱչսʵ޿̣Ҵġ
ĻĿɿڴԴףƾȻġ
ԵǾã϶Ϊ棬ơǵУһֱһӢۣڿеȫһֹԵһǵУ䵽˹ȵס
ŷҲЩΪʲôޣһ߾죬Ĳһȥû뵽ȻһɣЩĿһ۰ΪһŮˣ˺̶ȣֱ̫ˡ
ǸŮˣһǳ绪޹¡ŷ翪ڣҲ֪ʼԣԼҲ࣬黨ǲݣֻһûԼΣһŮӶŪöԹһ
ǲɷϣֻҪԼеϵŮӣȫǷ绪ļˡ
һŮʼ棬޹£ҵʱ˵޵Сͷ˵ЩãԵЩԡ
ȻȻȥ޾£ԹŷŮʼ棬Ȼûǡ
ŷһ£ȻЩ
û뵽°ߵһˣȻԼʼŮʼ档ʵе㲻֪˵ɶˣҲ뵽ԼŮʼǶôľޡһ߾죬һֱڻǣԣƾˡ
ԻʺͰԵɫ죬ǿ˹ŷһۣû˵
ˣ˵ôˣΪơŷ翪˵ȻѾôˣҲٵģҪƺá
Ҽʼϡ䱦Ƶ֣Ʒֻ֣ҪоſþˡŷԵ˵ѾƶԷķ
ŸԻһۣ̲סЦ
ʼϡ䱦һڹŷһھǾſãʵе
һ۵ӣŷ絭˵ΪƣûӴ֧֣ҪԼıԴô𣿡
ŷ粻ǲᶯñԴˣǶԷϾǰǿߣȻԼ˱˵顣
ıԴ֮Уֶ̺κ͵һԷϤԺܾд鷳ˡ
СԵֱ˵
βΡŷֱҪߣЦѾˣԷ϶ԸȻԸ⡣
ŷˣԵϽ˵ղſЦģһ¡
ſûʼϡ䱦ڱȺ˵Ҳ˵ĺҵǶڰȻ˵ȴԲʲô¡
ãʼ䱦ʥҩɢ貵⣬лʵϢת
Ȼǻʵ䱦ǳϡ˺Զŷ綼ܹŵҩ㣬ž˵ԡ
ŷ˼һ£û̽ӹ
ʲôǲǻҪʲôԵŵʵ
ǵĹؼۻѶĴۣǶҪκáΪǰ屾ԴҪάְ״̬Ҳõġ
Щһֱ˥ܣѾˡȥĺпҪɢ֮䡣
ŷҡͷ˵룬ôܹʡ꣬Ȼҵıꡣ
ŷĻ˿ЦãôҲһۣ̫渡ˡ
˵ЦˡЦſڡ
ŷҡͷ˵ģȥ벻⣬˰ɣ˷ϰɡ
˷ѣ֣ǳ鴤һ¡
ԻʺͰԵ֪Լһܱŷһͣʵ̫˵ˡ
ˣ˵ôϻˣҪˡŷ
Ҳɫһ֪࣬ؼʱˡ
ŷҲܻ䣬ֱʩչУֻʼϡ䱦飬ִ֮䣬һץסȻֱѹ˰С
ۡ
ϵѪÿһѪӵĪԣȻҪˣһѪ⾫ȴµ˼㡣
ȻŷǱУҲܴܵѹ
һĵطѾٵˡǴ⣬ЩѪ棬ȴȫû˿
˶һ㶼⣬ǺųƲ࣬ӿٵأֻسһֱڣδ𣬾֪սڸǲΪ߾Ѫܵ𺦡


1684 սŷ
ҽУʹൽ˼㣬ϡ䱦ĴѹУ˲ܵشһˣԪǿʼ飬
ЦùŷҪɱԼȻĻαֶΣûҪҽԼ
뵽ԼӲд޾£ھȻһУ΢΢̾ϢһҪ
˼Щʲôأŷ翴֪ϼһ϶ˣһѡ
ĵ¿ηΣ֪ͲӦó־㡣ŷȵ˫ӡһûڡ
ƽʥȣûԽ籾ԴУȴŰڵơ
ŷһŭһֹ֣߳âûϼûڡ
ϵںתȻۿɼٶ޸
һĻԻס˺ļˣǸоõԼںתڿٵĻָ
ʱ򣬰Ҳ˹ʱףŷ粻ҪɱԼҽԼֶֻ̫ڰһЩˡ
¶һĨǸεɫҪǸ
죬׼˵ĸҴţƵʱ򣬲˵ŷǳðЦãԥһվûпڡ
ŷŭһȻµԪûصĻ߾죬ԵЩ㡣
һץǳڷ⣬һǻŷû
һֱֻ£缸еǳ֮ʵеˡ
ﱻǳûŷ۸޸Է塣
սʵ̫ˣһöԷһ߾ĴڣŷȻҵڶȫ޸Է塣
Ҹоںתʱˡ˵оĻع飬ֻĸоѾǲ֪೤£ûи֪ˡ
ԻʺͰԵϲںתˡ
˵ô磬⻹Զڵʵָ磬ƣҲûȫָֻҪһס֣ԱŷƲƲ˵
˵ɫһǿЦãȸһᣬѵ
ŷû˵˫ֽӡĲ˼顣ڴʱͻȻһѽӰԽ籾Դ˳
Ի˾һ·ʲô⡣
ٿȥʲô鶼ûУƯڹŷǰŷֲͣ䣬ǶС
ģ鷳ŷԴðˣʵƣôľΪûн֮ǰŷ»ûаܹƺöԷƣҲֻıԴư飬ʵ̫ˡ
һҪһûʼʥҩҵ̫ˡŷ翪ڣ˫ȴͣ˶Щⶼʲôʱˣŷ绹ڵʥҩ
ŷҪǰκõĻǲһʥҩʱŷˡ
û⣬ֻҪ㽫κãҸꡣԻʿڣʱǳǣͬʱҲǵԼ˵ʲôʵĻˣŷ粻ԸԼ棬Ǹʱ鷳ʹˡ
ԣʼϡ䱦ֱӾ˳ʱҲ˵ԻʰܼңΪ͵Խ磬ܹתеҲԸ⡣
ʹ졣ŷЦ
ʥ貣ǻԸӷӿѹڡ
ڷҵı仯徧Ө͸κƣһ˫ӶŹŷǣһɴϡ
ָ˻߾磬ֻ߾ƣٶȻع鵽ϡ
Σŷ֡
𡣡
쳤Хֱӳǡ巢⣬ͷŲԣһͷ׷磬ȴûһϵĸоһǿҵ𺳡
ָˣ½߾졣쳤ХԽ綼𶯣޾ڵϣĤ߾ʼ档
ָˣɫЩѡ֮ǰƽֻΪ޾£ĥòƽȻĻ϶ġ
ڣĻָˣѪսٴλ磬˺Ѳ񷣬Ѫǵأ֮䡣
ããֻһ˶վھ֮ϣ档
׳աŷ綯ֱ֣ԴԽ磬Ƿ֣ʱǿ϶Ըǰ
ܵŷĶ˹ŷһֱۣ룺ۣԸһս
Ҫ͹ŷһսʱ롣
֮󣬵һζ֣ãã֮УҲֻǰų۵ĺ󱲣ֵʸ
Ҳ֪Ļ߾죬Ǻεǿơŷ翪ڣʾһһ߳ǣٸ֮ϡ


1685 ս
˶ս⣬һļϣ໥ӣԷеĻȡ
һǿ߽ճգһǳ죬ͷųȫϢ֮ϣҪдս
Ƿ⣬ͷųϢγһƬսƻԽ硣
䡣
һȭ£ȫ飬һƬ磬ȫʵϢûǿµһĻããȫ飬һС
гԱȫԼʼʵ̫ǿˣ޵С
ŷ֣ͬһȭɫʥȭͷ֮ϱǵأϯ죬Ӳȭͷ
Ǻ޼ɵһȫ𶯣ȫɳȥ

Щ𾪣ŷʵǿе㳬ϡ

ŷͷɫƽֶŰսⰺȻ
֮кܶԱʧ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬Ƕ֪ŷ粻ֻۣ׼ۣûгɾλֻڣ֮Уŷ޵УԲĳƺš
ΪԼ渴ԭһܹѹƹŷ磬ǽȴǵϡ
ŷʵǿȫԼ档
Ǳ˷ܵ飬ǱһˮȥȫӲ
޵еʼ澹ȻеУǿƣӲǵʼ棬·硣ܶ˲ɫ԰ףЩҰļңȻΪϿɹŷݣҪƻ塣
ֻڿĸ߽ǿ뿪ȫĲ壬Ǿһŷ̫ǿˣ˫
ǶţȻٴγ֡
ȭ
ȭر飬ȻǶ𶯣ʵ̫ˣʵƾˡ
䡣
ŷָֻ֣ͬظ֣˳ȥ
֮䣬޾ûǼսǿءǿµײ˶֮Уʱǿߣǵʵ죬ӲԷ˿·硣
ˡ
ڣָ޾תŷѹ¡
ǿµһȭ˰Ļ˲ֱ棬ΪͲǶ֣Ȼһ߰һȭûһҡ
ŷȴû˱ܣ⣬⾧ӨÿһѪ·һ棬תſµûŷȭͷС
졣
ŷȣս
ٴײǲǵϳһϸܵƣ˶һ顣ʵϣȫڹŷ硣ǿǻ߾ĸڣ֮ϣȻڹŷ硣
ʵϣȹŷʵǵǸ磬ӿֲҲܹ֮ɱͬǿߡ
ȫ⣬Ѫӿ޲Щƣϸܵȫʧŷһ
磬ӡ
һԲٴμսһ֮ϣϽɫʥһÿһϢȥԻٵһǿߡ
졣
Хͷ׷趯ڴʱȫϽɫϢһ˲ǿһµϢ񷶼ѹˣԽ綼ڲ
ŷɫأݻսʩչ˲Լʵ
䡣
˻⣬һ˸Ϳеֹʵ̫ˣʹǿ߶ֱӣ۾
ֻмǿߣֱܹӣҲ֪е
ճ׷ֿͻȻƽǸʧҲȫľָƽ״̬
˵ǣѪһս˭ˣ˭Ӯˣ˭ֻ֪
۹Ȼͬ죬֮Цг͡ʵϣף˿ƽ֣ʵȴԼˡͬһսԲܵסŷ磬ǹŷĶ֡
Ҫ֪ŷֻһδɻʵʿѾǻ߾죬жĲֻ࣬Ҫɵӣܹס
ԣƽֵĽˡ
ǰʵҲƾˣ߾죬ٻ𾳽磬¡ŷ翪ڣͬ佱Է
ڰʵŷ˵Ļ
ҡͷ¶һĨЦ˭ҳ𣿽磬Ȼ¡
ĻЩɥȴһʵŷ̫ǿˣκһ콾ҪǿƵĶࡣ
ԣ˵һ̾ӡ
ŷû˵ûгϣҲûзϡԼʵʶĸȻ׽Լܹߵһ
ǰȻŷ뿪ˣҵǰĺϢʱһÿŷ繰֣׼뿪
һЩǿһ˳

ԻʴȣЩǿһһڵϣѪȻԻһ֮ˡ
峤ǡЩǿֹ
׼˵˵ȻĻ顣Իȡ
ŷһ⣬һЦû˵Щǿһֱۣת뿪


1686 ǲ
쵽ˡԵü
ԻʿЩǿһۣ˵ŷǾۣɵϣЩ˴⣬βǹŷȻλû׼Ҫɱŷ磬ֱǳ롣
˵Щ
Ǹˣ峤˭Ǹţ壬ٲ֮أʱͲҪԹҲɭȻŴ̹ǵĺ⣬ڳ˻ð亹
ǶһۣԷеľ
Իһķˣղż˵ţһĻȻĻɱ˹ŷ磬ǰ˵Ҳδһ¡
ŷĺѣйŷߵǸ߾ĴڣǴѳɣʱȻһŷ磬ǾǿϮ°嶼Ҫ
Щ˿ףǰԻȴ쳣ףȻ鷢
峤ҲֻҪǰԶԸһ˿ڣɫޡ
ǸǿһۣԻһƳ˳ȥԶԻɭȻ˵Ϊ壬ɱһ˱ģҪȺǿǶ˷Ȼɱ˹ŷ磬ǳΪ˻壬ܹãҪʱ֮֡
ϣȱϵ壬Щ壬Ϊ콾𣬻޾ĻԻ͡ǸʱȻǰ;ȺҪá
Ȼ岻û㹻֮ǰԻʲƻ塣ڣǰĺûгƻĿԡ
˰Իһۣɫ̾ڰԻΪľߣǷǳġΪԻܹµĴƣһ㶼嶯ˣһϸ쵼ߡ
֮ǰҰΪ£вֻǸʱҲûа취Ұְλ
հԻϮȥȨƣðҰķڷġ
˴УȻȥ꣬ѾϰˣԸס
ԻҲףԾûǿ
ʼ棬͹ŷʵΣԻ̲סʵɻ󣬸ղƽ֡˵㵽ֹǰԻţп϶жϡ
ŷ粻ҵĶ֣ȴɱƴһսĻҲ֮ܵǰƣŷǹŷڣ˵Լжϡ
ԻʺͰԵ̲סһΪǵʵҲˣԺһЩĸȣ˵ƴһ߾죬ԷǾ
֪ԲͨĻ߾죬ʵȻڻУҲߡ屾֮ͬн޵еĳƺ
ŷҶ򲻹ԵЦ
˰Եһۣ˵һָоŷڻɱ䣬ʲôʱֻҪˣȻΪͻƣʵҲʱңδаѹ
˶һۣԷе𾪡Ҫ֪ŷ绹ûгɻʣʵѾȰˣǳɻ֮󣬻жǿǼֱ޷
ʵ̫ˣǱ˵ûʵϣǰԻʺͰԵѾеˣеڹŷǰȴԵò֮£ʵ̫ˡ
һֻĵĸо˶һۣԷеĿЦ
ûбҪɥȻŷΪȣվһյ㣬ǵʣҪ׷ȥһ£ʹ£վܹһ߶ȵġڣȰԼ
ԵͰԻʣǰ֮УΪõȻдɾͣ뿴˱ŷˣǵķչ
治Ҫģ׵ġ˿ڣ¶һĨЦݡ
վһͷ֮ģƣûͻơ
Щ˾ţһֱڻ͵ľ֮У޷ͻơ
ŷȻޣҪͻƣҲ첻Ϊʵ̫ˣֻҪܹ
ûܹ
֪ˡǶһۣ˶ԷеĻȡ
ǰȴ̾Ϣ֪Լ󱲣󶥶ֻܳΪΪǵ̫Сˡ
ǹŷĻԿ϶ŷһͻƣѳȥ֮䱾ʵǲΪҲơ
ʱûѣֻϣԼ󱲣ܹʶһ㡣
ˣ뿪ɣҪúȹһڵľ硣ڣԸˡ
ԻʺͰԵһۣǵͷȻ󹧾뿪
Խ籾ԴУհԽ籾ԴȹԼľ硣


1687 ٱ¶
ŷ뿪Խ磬һͻȻһԼԴ¶һĨյɫԼȻñˡ
ʼϡ䱦ʹ֮УǶ˵ҲǼΪĵ顣
ٻȥ
һ£ŷվûлȥ
ʵûôƤȻʱŷƤʱ򣬾һ򶼱Ȳ
ɫĻص磬ŷЩơ
ôˣһĽסŷĸ첲ʵ
ŷ罫ղŷ˵һ飬ŷ̲סЦ˳ʶŷ絽ڣûмŷԿھȻһͼĴ
Ҳµһ찡ȥҧǡȻЦ˵Ըûб䣬ǰùŷҧ˵һ
аЦĿ˽һۣŷ绵ЦʵҸϲҧ㡣
ŷĻɫһ֪áʶҪߣٶȣŷȣʹڽȣҲһСˡ
ŷһѽץסֻԼһȻ㳹ʧ
ԯǸſڣ̲ס͵Ц
ǣʱԼˣȥɣϹ档ԯЦ˵
һȺŮȫ¶ЦɫȻ֪ζʲôһ뿪ٽӽ
ܵĶŷ¶һĨЦݡ
Ƕ֪ˡŷЦе˵
ɫͨ죬ȴı۾ŷ绵ЦѾͷ˵л͵أȴһԸӡ
һƬ컣֮УȴһƬڡǵʼȬȻδѹŷ磬վһ߾죬ۡ
ܶˣоü
ڳ˶ߣǸףƸոպõʱս۷壬ֻһʱ䣬ָܹǰ۷״̬
۷״̬İδزǹŷĶ֡
ܶڴţȵԼ棬ȶʱٳ֣֮䡣
ǲ֪սŻվǿߣӵˣȻƷ졣
ǶһۣԷеɱ⡣
һ̽ǰ֮Уûʲộһαǡ쿪ڣ˾
ƷͷϣɱȻ
սϢԽϡڴʱ֮дİͻȻ۾
ˡԵͰԻʴǣеǿѾˣҪǳ֡
ԻʺͰԵ˲ɫǰдð֮˼װ񻶵ӣǰȴչ˲á
Ⱥ쵰ҿһλôӡԻЦ
ԵҲ˸ź⣬֮ǰȺеĹϵôվǰˣȻ뿴ʲôʧġ
һ֣Σɱǵǿߣȫ͵ϮѾŭˡ
һΰգǰоǵĴڣȻ׷ŹԷ
Ʒǻ֪Լ٣ѾϤΪϢʮǿ߽٣սһ
ǳ֣һĳǳأŷǳİ顣
Ʒֱӳ֣һְֻҪĨɱǳء

һŭԵ֣ѰתӲƷĹ
䡣
һ죬貵Ĺ壬ԵƷײȫȫʵ¡
ԣǷǵ١ɫЩÿһ˲³ࡣ
һЦԻʴǿ֣߳ǿ߼зһսգֱָǡ
Ϊÿһζܹ͵ϮɹһҿߡԻЦ˵ǵгɱ⡣
ƷԵײһŰԻʣǰʵǲܾ쵽ǵĵġ
Ϊ٣Ʒʩչ˺ֶܶΣгԽǵǿ֣߳ΪϢټ
ڣǵȻˣЩţǺǣΪǰ𣿵ǸҺ;ĵλȻսˣ磬ǵʵ֮ľݣʵ٣㹻ĵ̣ԶԶǵ󡣡ԻʰȻ˵
Ŀǵϣ˵һμȻˣͶˣȫ°ɣ
ƾǣûʵƷЦɵ
ǰֻʵĻҪɱȥһ¡Ȼ⣬ǲ̫ɵ
ء
һϵ𣬻Ϣ춯أѹȹ
֣߾ƣ¶š
߾졣ǱɫôܻһϹ
ĳԱǻ޵СɫĿȣڻǵӰ


1688 ɱϮ
ƷɫѿǵӰǳһܡ֮ли߽׻ߣڻ߾죬һ֪Ļǲ˴⡣
ԣϱ֣û˿ԶΪû뿪쿪ʣŰҪһۡ
Ȼһжͽͣʵڻ߾죬ǻʵﵽǸΣȻʲôͬ
ϼγ֣㶼δ֣ѵһƬսϻˣôܣǸطǴʤߴܣ򲻿ܻعġƷҲڣɫأЩš
ûнͣŶԷȻû˵ֿµƣľ
ǰĻ߾죬ԵǿƣȻ޷Ӳĸǿߡ
Ұĵ̣ܹġԻЦɫмԷǹظУԷѹ
ʵϣһ߾죬ܹ㹻𺳣öԷȫ䡣
ԣԲǴǸսϹģ԰һ棬һǿ߼սԷ˴һֱڰ屾Դ֮Уάû뵽㾹ȻĻָˣǰһ߿ڣʵڻ߾磬Źһʼ档
һ룬˼˵ݡ
û뵽ôȥˣʶҡ̾Ŀתɨߣ˵˵ɣҪô
ߡ
ƷһֱӼԦս
ͬʱҲˣͬǳϸ죬Ҫ뿪һ֣ѾܹȾָĵطˣĻ
Ҫ¡
˭Ҳ߲ˡԻʴ
Űǿߣɴ󣬷˹ͬʱԵҲչ˹ת춯أһȭرѡ
һսը飬мǿߣԵɱǲƷԦսСһ㣬ǰԵĶ֡
͡
һƷ£նء
Եȭ졣ǵ飬𣬿ʼɱһȺǿߡ
ʱȻƷǿ󣬵Ҳ޷˼ɵЩˡΪԻʴ޾İǿ֣߳ɱǣÿһ̣ܵ˾޴ѹ
սǷԦսˣǺųǸȦеٮٮߣʱѾɱˡ
ȻˣҲ·磬ҪԵѹ
䡣
ƷǿƳɨȥնǿߡ
Ǹط飬ۼһЩԱҪɱʱ򣬰ˣһָͬǰȴµľȰԵǿ˲֪١
ƷĻᱻסȻһֱը飬ѪƷ巢һʹ
һʵڣһ飬ܵش޵ĶŰɱ⡣
ޱ飬һֻ£һսץ˹ȥ
Ʒɫܵв
⣬ͨںһ𣬻һҵĻ⣬˳ȥ飬û
һжͽ֣ͣͷŲԣͺˡϽɫϢ˸˿µĻԡ
򣬶ھԵѹ֮£ʲôʲôֻЦ͵ס
ۡ
Ǹطȫ飬Ʒڵǿȫɱ
ʵϣаԻǳѹƣƷҲûôãٰҪɱǣҲеô򵥵ġ
һ̣һȥɫ΢΢һ䡣
ҪߣûôסһֵֻҪסǵ⡣ǳϣǵٶȣʵ̫ˣȻδסǵߡ
ɫÿ֪ԼˣһϱǿֶΣΣյʱ򣬱סһԪȻǿδס
ɫһԦսֱȥ
ˡǿߴ󺰣ɫ䡣ǰһ߾죬ų޵Уȴӭȥˣֱ
Իæ֣Ҫɱǡ

һ֣ȭɱһս
ۡ
ս飬˶ɱһ⣬ֱӴ뿪
û˵˺ѿռ뿪ԵͰԻˣûиܵ뿪ķ
˶һۣʱףԼ׷ȥˡȻղĹ⣬϶ƷˣǣܹҵĳѨ
ҿܡǶһۣԷе˷ܡ
ɱ壬ͲõˣǰϮɱ壬ð䲻ٳԱȫŭ
гԱĶȥˣһսܻԻͣǼ˵˼㡣
ڰԻʺͰԵˣ֮Уȴ
һȾѪӰڴ֮УŲԣһ


1689 סĻ
棬ôˣԻʺͰԵʵ߾ǰ̽һϢȻˣҿӣ˵ķǳأ𾪡
û˵ǿվ˫ֽӡǸգʥһִĽֱն֮⡣
ʱǿ߶ڿն𣬿ǰһĻɫ𺳣֪ʲô顣
һ㲻һξûôõˡһǸ𣬳ʧ
һһƨڵϣǻָƽڴ֮ϣһ̬ûС
棬ôˣղǸ˭Իһʳ˺ܶ⡣
˰ԻһۣЦһ˵û뵽һУȻǿߣҵƲģһµĴڻˡ
𾪣ܹǱĿ´ڣòǻߵɣ뵽һֿܣǻһ£Ǻ£Ǳˡ
ҵǸһ𣬵ǲõģʱ޷ǿڣ˵Ϣ
һӡĻ𣬾Ȼܹ˰ʵ̫ǿˡ
⻹ҵӵĿ죬ȻĻǸһʵұЦ֪һĴڣԲçײ
һȷʵˣΪԼ߾죬ܹ޵Уֱӳ˶Էĸأȴܱ磬һ㱻ɱȻˣҲܵش
ڣ̶ֳȵǿ˵ֻҪû֮ܵǰƣ˵޹ؽҪġ
𺳣ôǿ𣿱סܹɱ߾졣
ǵɫҡͷ˵̫СƻˣʵȻǻ߾죬ھ֮УδǶȻΪѪĹϵսվ۷Ĵڣڻ۷֮Уɨ޵еĴڣǳɾͻʱ򣬿޵УɺɨһС
ǻ𣬻г𣬵ҲһǼΪµǿߡϣʮһ𣬵ʵϣЩȴл֡
ǻϡ٣ܹɨĻʵ̫ˣ޷ѹʡ
ԣּ侪޵ˣɨʣܹΪˣȻ߾죬С
ǸӡĻ𣬾ԲһĻյϴʵǿվһƺǿߡ
ԭ˶һۣԷе
е߾磬һܹﵽǸ磬ûаװ
߹ŷ磬һֻܶƣڵʵ޷ǣʱڣ֪ͨŷ硣
ǡ
Իʿڡ
뿪ҵһʹߣǰݡ
ŷӵϢʱλ棬ޱ飬ֻǵĵͷȴûʲôʾ
ȥ棬˵֪ˡŷ絭˵
Ǹʹɫηת뿪
߳һԼԴϵ亹Ȼ֪ŷ粻˺ڹŷ£Ǹо˾޴ѹ˵ˡ
۵ϣ뵽Ǹʹֲ̾޵еʼ棬޷ѹۣΪ̫ˡ
סĻ𣬿Ҳס̫˰ɡŷ뿪λ֪ǵĳѨڣȻһ·
Ͱȣŷ׼Ȼġ
ηСһ֮䣬޾ɱⱩŷֹ
ŷƳȥɫĮһ
һӰ֮󣬱ִסĮĶŹŷ硣
Ǹ𣿡ŷѯʡ
ݵСôĵӣȻҵֱǸ޴ӰŹŷ磬ɱȻ
ɱȣǺһ㣬ŷӿȥ
ŷ粻ŶԷɫ΢΢Щ̡
ʲô񣿡Ǹ˴ŭɫ䡣
ɵƵ񡣡ŷޱ飬˵
ǸסӰŭ˵ȻǾݵʼ棬˵һСȻ˲
ǵӰ磬䣬ǹŷȴ޾壬˹ȥ䣬ʵ
̽ûдԪǿƣŷܹܵࡣǲɷϣҲһǿƵĻʵǿ󣬿ƾˡ
ۡ
ŷĽ飬΢΢ҡͷ֪ԼͶԷĲ໹̫ˡ
ʵϣһ㶼⡣Ͼһ߾죬ˣͰȣһࡣ
ҳȥȻնɱѪȾ档ǵӰڣɱȻ
֪ڹŷ׼ʱǲնɱŷģȻҲûа취ֻܹųݻ
Ǿ͵˵ɡŷ絭˵


1690 ɻ
ΪҳǸɫ̣Ŀⶢڹŷϣ˲м
ǡŷ缫Ϊ϶˵
ʱǸ޴𶯣澹ȻܲҪٵһ
ǣһϢ֣֮ϣ޸Щ˺ۣסֻһ̣Щٴγ֣ľ
ŷ翴ǰһУû˵ɫƽ
ɵ˰ɣǵӰޱȣЦŷӣùŷǱԼղŵΪŵˣȻĻֵġ
ŷ翴һۣл³֣ɵơ
ǵӰɫһɭȻĿⶢڹŷϣɱȡ
Ҫͷųɱ⣬ûãѾ㱻ˣɱ㣬ϣܹҳɳ֮ǰŷ翪ڣɫƽ˵ĻȴöԷŭЦ
ǵӰĿģ˵СҳȥһҪңһǧ꣬ұȻܹͻƷӡʱϣܹɱҵʵ
ŷ粻ٿԷһۣת뿪
ȷʵǿ󣬶Էסʵ֪˶٣ǹŷȻҺײĻ
ص֮أŷУڵԴ֮ѾҪˣŷҪ򵽵ĶʱԼһЩɱ䡣
ҪڽڻУܵԼʵһŷ߾֮󣬲Żǿ
֪ŷ뷨϶ڽڻʵľ磬ɿ߾죬ʵ̫ˣŷ羹Ȼ㡣
ﴫоԪŷڵû
оʿһĿ⾴ηŹŷڵķ򣬳ݵ˼㡣
һѵͻơۿڣɫŹ֡
ԯݺῴ˹ŷڵķһۣ˵ͷ˵ԶҪһȱ̬ǻǸϽ׼̤ʵľɡ
Ҳͬ
֮ǰϹŴ񾳽ʱ򣬹ŷ񣬱ܹ棬ʵǸʱ۾ͱˡ
ڹŷΪǷˣŷı֣ڲͻƵĻŷҪȽʵľ硣
˺ܴʵŷҲͰˣ磬첻ŷˡ
ҧԷݣҪ̵ʱڣʵľ硣
䡣
𶯣һ˳ɻʣ䣬һ˫ɨ磬˲һŮʣǱˣԯ졣̤һΪߡ
սʡԯԼ˳ƺ
յĶսʥʲһԼսʣϾյͷµĻȣ춯أѹ졣
ܶ飬һɫηǸ֪ԯ챾Ƕսʥ壬ʵǿѾһЩнǿߣͻƣߵľ磬ʵһЩ߽׻ˡ
ĺǿƣ˾η
ŷһ߳ɫϲԯӰһѽ§ס޵еŮʣ˲ʧ
ԯ˹ŷһۣڹŷĻУһСŮˡ
ͻˡŷ˵˵
ӦͻƵģǱָһ£֪Լкܶ಻ĵطԱһ£û뵽ȻôʱųɻʣҵʵѾȥˡԯ˵е㽿Ǹȷʵϲ
ɻˣ̤һΣ֮ǰֲ˺ܶ಻ĵطʵ˺ܶࡣ
ǰǰ״̬ߵľ磬ԯԼ߲̫ԶҪʶ𾳽磬һ̫ơ
ϲ
һȺ߹ԯء
ЩǣǽԯΧס˵ҪúôŮʵʲôӵģԯЦá
ڱǰǳϣȻԯݺˣԯ죬㹻ء
ȺǰȴΣȻʲôϣΪһˡ
Ц֣ûΪߵϡ󣬾۶ȥһȺŮֳһš
ŷԼԴͷðһͷߣЩŮҲʵ̫עⳡ˰ɣô࣬ء
ò˶ãͻдԣ˵ۣȢһȺŮӡ
ҪùŷȥֹǣҲǲܵģŷȻԼŮ˵Ŀġ
˿ŷһӣ̲ס͵ЦŷŮԵãһֱĽĶ󡣵ڿҲδʲôõģǾûȥЩŮˡ
ԯͻƣϲǲ࣬ϡϡ˸оЩ档
Ҫ֪ԯǹŷŮˣΪŮʣ飬ûǰʵ̫ˡ
ڣһ˵ԭ
߾ʼǴ£Щ˶ȥμˣףΪŮʣѾˡʿЩŭ˵Źŷ磬˵۷ģǾԲַСˣ˭ǿ󣬾˭ȻѾΪۣȻۡ
ڱģǿԿǷĵġ


1691 ݵʵ
ܶȺ֮䣬Լѡ񣬵ڴ󲿷ֿð壬̫ùŷ硣֮л߾죬֪֮Уͬ׽޵У߾ҲӦǿһĻ߾졣
ԣ˳ϵˣÿŷǣΪҪ·磬ӴԺеˡ
ŷǵĳƽĿϣɨЩˣ˵ллű
ֻ˵һ仰ûж˵˶ܹŷеš۵ķɣɱһеС
ЩʿȾ֪ģͲηʲô߾졣ǲ֪ڹŷԼڹŷߵǸ߾졣
һܴҲ֪ǸǰԽʼ棬ƣ䣬۳֣κá￪ڣ˵һ飬˾ȡ
۳֣Ƶİ棬ǶӣԷе𾪡
Ҫ֪;ݵ״ֻ̬ҪеˣеĶǳǾ㲻ѣ˵ǵˡ
޵УʹϵٺãܺõʲôȡǹŷͳˣһɵûУΪԷָһ߾ǿߡ
˵ʲô˵ŷͲĶԷˮȻԷл߾ĴڣҲ޾壬ҲѹԷ
뵽ŷˣȫһķ
ʵϣѡҲҪܴܺѹһŷĲǰĶ֣ǻվڰĶ棬ʱӾԻǳѡ
ڿӦǶӮˣ۱еǿƣͲԷ
޵С
ǿɫλϵǸˣ¶ݵɫ
ŷ̫ǿˣ޵еƣȻһ߾죬У˵һִǣ޷
ϲɾͻߡҲ˴󺰡
ŷŮˣԯɻʣһ£硣ȻֻĹŽ磬Ȼܾˡ
ɩӳΪˣСϲˡţǳƣӵпµƣȻ߶ܵѹɫء
ЩȥˣţҲɳˣһǳսȴлɱֹһߵս
ллСܡԯЦ˵
ţ죬ʱһ˫ɨȺۣһһӵпϵӣǲҶӡ
䡣
֮һ죬һȾѪӰ
Ұħ϶ˣǾȴˡһĶŷסˡ
ղնɱһħĴҳˣ͸񡣡ͣȹŷҪֱӺԯá
ллҰ硣ԯ쿪ڡ
ŷ۲ǸͻȻ¶һĨݣ˵̺ĴУһʵǿߡ
𾪣Ҫȡһʵ̫ˡҪ˲ɱԷȻҪֶͨΣִԴȡһܹһˣʵҪڻ֮ϣҪпµֶΡ
㵹ʶһﵽк飬ñˣ˳־͸ɵû뵽һﾹȻͬ飬ʵǻ죬ǼսһֱڣŽɱϧҵʵ̫ûнǵĴŪ˵ҰħЩơ
˶զ࣬ħǼһִڣֻڻУϡ٣ǳɳĻǳǿ
һĻħ񣬺ٽʵ磬飬ǼصĴڡû뵽һΣȻҰħնɱǻĸ֡
ħϸ˵磬ǿ֮ǰ顣
ԣһǳ֣δеħǺЭ飬һ㲻ή֮Уһ˵һ㶼ġ
졢ɱڤȫ֣һ£ˣʱΣҲ߾ˡ
ǿޱȣϢ죬úܶľҲϳˣǹʵǿ󣬿еٮٮߡ
ʵϣǸȦеǿߣٴεս˿òǽܾˣ죬Էܣһɱ
һɱ춨˹ͷǸȦУҲѾһ쵱
ʶˣ̫ǿˣ˵ŷʵЩѣ㹻ǿƣľ
ˣ£岻ǾݵĶ֣Ȼһ߾ΣסЩֵֺɱ𣿶ҹŷһߣͬл߾죬ǸĪˣʵǿУڷźݻԲһƲӡ


1692 
֮ոҡ
֮У߸ϣܵĹ֮ɫûκα仯ûʲô˵˼
ʵϣΪ߾Ϣðɢȥġ
Ϊ棬ڲ;ݷʲôͻ֮䣬վҪһսģǾҪȡеӰ
磬֪İ˳ʵ˵һС
ǰû̫ˣ֪ŷǱԶԶֹЩҳֽԼκãͿ϶аѹԼ
һԼףԻʺͰԵҲǳףֻǷǳĬû˵
ЩǰصǿߣҲЩһġ
䡣
һսƿնԽ֮С
˶ԾǶս֪ʲô顣
ս⣬ɣŲϢۣľһµĶ˾쵽һֿµв
طȻƶ񤣬Ȼһ߾죬ǿЦս֮ϴȻûн߾С
˶ĿҪķӦ
еǿߣʲôѵѾ˵Լ𣿡ʣûս۾ȴؼɵ
еǿߣһǿߣǶ쳣ɵġ
һµĵطǿƣʵߣи콾Ի
ҼһսȴʧӦˣѰ֣ڿҲֻʵɱǡһվ˳磬죬ϴŻսףŰɱʮ㡣
һ£Ȼüͷ˵ûɱеˡ
ʵͰǰ㻹ս֮ϣл߾죬߾죬˭ɱǡǸ꿪ڣϿԼĲ²⡣
һɨǿߣһĨЦѾط鿴֮УֻطۼܶǿߣоǿֻѡΪǿʵд裬ԣ϶ҵǡ
Ǹ˺ţֱӽñӿڰͷϡ
ƨûгɱǵˡһԱȣɫŭڽԼͷϣо
ϣֵ˵𣿡Ǹǿ֣߳һֻ£ҪɱǸԱ
ɫ΢΢һᵯָ羪죬סǸǿߵһĿɭȻڶԷϣĮ˵Ѿ˵ˣǲɱģǲţҲûа취Ҫ˺ҰĳԱҲҪҴӦӦ
ǿƣˣʾ
ΥˣǸЦɱȻ
һۣ˵Ǻǿ󣬵㻹뿪磬ȻҲұ֤ǻ᲻ᷢʲôꡣ
ĻǸǿߣ͵رɫЦҾ֪еǿߣǱɱ¶ĿˣΪսֻһ𣿡
ĻһɿµϢͬһ߾Ĵڡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ûԥֱվ
˹ȻǿƣڶǣĲҪˡһϵһǷ˳ûκξ񣬵һ֣˶ܵһַĲ
ɫأܵԷʵȵǿ
ǺˣҲţǲ֮һɣҪƾǻûǸʸɣ˵Ǻ⡣
ʿȴ̲סһ֮еɣȻǿƣ磬ô򣬵Ǻεǿơ
󣬵ǿԲµǾһֲĵطǿƣĴڣͬһ㡣
ȻֻɣҲ̤ƽ磬Ϊϡ߿ڣϴһĨ⡣
ϣݡ
󣬰֮ǰǸ꣬վŰˣʵȫǿһ졣
ϱ뿪֮ǰ˵ֻҲҾһɵƣڣˣһϹܹ̤ƽǣһһĻѣΪԼ޵ˣȻ˵СҲǿҰһǿδ뿪֮ǰɨƽһٴΡɫдһĨͬʱֳš
˶ܵϸģеѹʱ˲٣ԭνҲеǿ


1693 
ɫм˵ҪƣΪǻܹӲдڣǸطˣѾˡɫмЦڿһȺϡ
ǿվǿȫ뿪Ǳ̤ƽ壬Ǽʶڵ˵
ɱȻɨڳˣȻûнǷС
ʵϣ㹻ǿƣΪ߾ĸ֮⣬а˸֮ϵǿߣһ֣Щ˶ס
ңǰսܣԽ罫˲䱻̤ƽûܹҪסһ߾ĺɱսͬǿߡ
Ц
Уʣһ˿˿һƣȫܹѹ񷣬ǣȻһһĴ磬޷ϡ
ԽǸܵϣʼա
ⲻǿʵԭܹһǿҲһȺµѪһȺϡɫмδܵѹ
ұ硣˵Ļ˶𶯡
Էǻ߾죬ˣʹȫնɱ飬Ҳ࣬Ҫ٣磬Ļᵹ˵ԭʼʱڣǿ㸲Ӳȥ
䡣
ϵĻ䣬һֻ£ֱԷ
ϱɫֻ̺ܵĿвһսǿ߷Ĺ
һָ֣ͬ޾˸ƣǸײһ
ˡ
Ƿ⣬գסԽ磬סֻײನ
һӳ֣ʥУ䣬أûãã죬ڤһֿµľһӲ߾죬𾪡
ۡʿɫϲѿ
ۡ
һʿɫһǸϵ˰壬ûǰݣΪȷѡ񣬵ڿǴףܶ˼ֱҪԼƵĳ嶯
ڹŷֳ֣ӣʵ̫ǿˣֲð֮гһ߾죬ȴ޾壬ΪʵҲѾﵽǸ硣
ͷݱȰҪǱˡϾŷδ̤ߵľ磬ʼѾǻ߾Ĵˣս൱ǹŷȴǱ
ֻҪŷ̤߾磬ܹԽԷ
һǵѡ񣬼ֱסܶޣǴʱȴûа취ֳΪһѾ˹ŷ磬壬ǲܳܵġ
磬ôĿûʹңŷ翪ڣ¡¡¡
϶Źŷ磬ɫдżɵʵ˭ûȥ鷳
оŭǰֵ̫ǿˣȻпսֱϾԼΡ
ⲻΣԷһʵǿľս
ۡŷ翪ڣĸǬţĲ
ۣƺɲ㺰ã϶Źŷ磬ȻһʶλȻû۵ȻѾǸƺˣ˽ɳܹɾۡ
ʱȻڣҲδܹסһ֡
ɱţ뷨
ܵϢı仯ŷ絭һЦ˵Ҫɱң
ϲǿɫȴȻĬˡ
ŷûٿ˹֣Ц˵ǰ߾ϼһȽˣҽǰ˸һȥ㡣
һ߾ͷѪҪˣŷ˷ܡ
ŲʲôˣȻˣ͸ɱǻ߾ѣûʲôԼɵġ
á
ڣһԥûУҪɱԷ
ɫѿɨԼһۣ˵ǳ֣նɱǸʲôۣɱϼһ
ȻɵǻǷǳġΪԼһʵ㹻ǿߣȫлȻǿĻΧһ߾죬ҲռϷˡ
ŷս߾죬ûķҪѹƣԵ·硣
ԣǲģԼ԰Ļ߾죬Ĳܡ
뵽¶һĨЦ
ն顣ɫ¶һĨɱ⣬ϣĿɨӹȺۣб䡣
ûлˡֱ֣Ӻɱϡ
ɱ
ҵϳ֣סһʵϢȣ죬ձѣǬ𶯡


1694 ս˻
һ̣ǸգסһϢγһƬ򣬽С
ŷ˵ֱӳ˽ȥδ˸ǿֱ֣߳ɱϡֻظ֣ޱȣʱƬʣֻ֮ݻҪϵԴ
ϱɫҵſͻһС㹻Ųߣֻغɱȥ
ըͬʱˡ
ĶǡŭԼĳϳԿȫ˽
ŷתüķ⣬һɨֱɱǡ
ŭǳֱ֣ӱ齣˻ʺ쳣ǿƣѹһĻ߾졣
֣ȭһȭȥӲ
ڹŷƴһȴϢֱӳ֣С˼ҴսڳݺȫͷųΪµܡ
ǻʵ棬Խ档
ŷûٳ֣԰ߣɫȻҴ⡣
֣ɱȫΧ£չ˾ɱҪ̵ʱڣŷ
͡
ŷ绽罣ƿУֱɱȥ
ʱ罣ɳһµĵزһնҪٵˣȣµϢƵ𶯾ʮء
ж𶯣Ҫһ㡣ܺټһҪǿˡ
ԱЩʧ䣬ҲھһεĹŷ磬һԵǿˣܹо
޵У˵˵ѣˡ
˴߳Х趯ŷɱһ֣齣ȻӲ罣ϣǻսףſµķԵЩ޼ɵĳײ
ŷЦҲֱӳ˹ȥһֻȺݺݵĳȥһӲһ
̡
ս𶯣ж˹ŷ󲿷ֵȻˣǸҲɳȥ죬һ۶ϡ
ǿ󣬲ǸŷЦһ˵ĹȻһˡ
֮䣬޾âڼսǸǿߣԹŷĹɱȻлսףҲԵЩΪŷʵ̫ǿˣʹ˴󲿷֣ҲȻˡ
ϵĻսףҲʲôرõĶҲͱһЩ߾ĻʱǿһЩԶԶû޾µսҪǿ
ۡ
Ǹ˵һ㱻飬˳ȥս׷϶֮ȫѪ䣬Ȼ쳣ҡ
ŷƳȥʣµļ֣ɱ˹ȻǿҲӲƴϾЩˣǿӲƴĻȻ߾죬Ҳδع
ֲҪӡһߴŭĶŹŷ磬ɱȻ
˴ߣȫǻϵĸ֣սŷһˣȻܿˣȴһ㶼û˺ŷ磬ŭ
ҪҲҵĶֻ֣ҲЩһֻ֪ƴŷ翪ڣɫ֮дһĨ̡
ŷĻıӶһˡŭų˹ȥϢأʩչµͨûȥ
ŷӡһû˱ܣֱӳ֣ﻯһƬ׺û
ǳХЩȻˣҲܵ飬ܵ˼㡣
쵰
ŭ𣬵ȴûа취ֻܶܳȥ
ʱ򣬹ŷȴչ˿¹ᣬһˣֱӺֻأߵϡ
ԷɫҪѾˡǸ޾⣬Ҫֻسȥ
ʵȻһСɱ£ӿֱӽû
Ǹŭ𣬷һҽУܵв
ܣлսףôġŷסĻߴг˲ʡ
ӵлսףȻ߾ҪɱҲûеô򵥡ʱĸܵΣ
ս׷⣬ҪסеĹ
ŷЦ˫ӡȻֱӳֻ֮С
䡣
һȭﱬǸ챻ɱսƯУơ
ĻսףĻͲ䱻ˡŷЦѾоЩνĻսף̫ǿ󣬺սսԶԶ޷ȣرĴ죬ԹŷЩսף壬һȭ棬Ȼˡ
ʿһĻŴֻ֣ͣǾǣ̬
󣬺ܶ¶۵ɫʹǻսΪĶ죬Ƕ˵Ҳֻһȭˣʵǿϧ
ܶ˶˵㲻ҪĻҲУǧҪٵȻŷ粻ǵģ֪ǵҲ£Ŀߡ


1695 ս
ʣµȫɫǱɱһͬ飬ˣӦ˵Ϊ֮󣬺ôףǹŷղų֣ɱ̫ˡ
ǵУȫһɺ⡣
ôôǾЩšŷʵ̫ˣǵ
ûʲôܵģ̫ϲˡŷ絭˵ʣȻֻһһִϣû߶
߳Хּսϣɱڡ
߾죬ͣزɱ϶ȾѪʩչµֶΡŷ翴Ǹһֱۣһ˹ȥ
ɱϲһ㱻Уŭ˼㣬Źŷ磬ŭ졣ɨһߴߣŭڵǶˣϽ֣Ǽֻɱһƴȥɱ
ϵĻһ飬Ŀŷ磬ɱ⡣
ףùŷֹɱϵĻ϶пܻᱻܣʱһǾûк³
뵽߶Źŷ磬жðһɷ
Ȼʶԣͬ˵һʼƴˡ
ɱ
ɱȥϻսȻĸ߼սһǿ󣬵ͬܲŷҪƣҲûеô׵ġ
ŷ罣ɨɣһֻʩչֻأɱһߣԷɫ˻ȥ
ŷתһֻȳȥֱһߵţԷѪ˳ȥ
ˣӹŷһɱͬʱʩչΪµĹʱ򣬹ŷȻʲôٶˡ
ֻǹŷ粢ģһЦһһ˴߳һ塣
߱ɫȻû뵽һĻЩֲ
һ̣ŷֻ֣أɱԷһ֣ŷķײһ
ȫ˳ȥѣ˿Ѫ
֣ҪӲŷ磬Ȼе㲻ʵǲǹŷĶ֡
ķͱӵͬսһߺɫʹࡣʱ򣬹ŷķѾɱ˹һ£ٴνߴĺɳȥ
ʱɫͨǴû˵ʵ̫ˣȻͱӵͬսֱ˼顣
ŷȻǵ𾪣ʣչ˿µĹ
ֻ𶯣ɱ˹ȥĴ֣߳ӲŷĹҲǷˣȫȼձԴҪŷ硣
ʱŷ絲סܵĻǱŷֶ̫ǿˣǲòƴʹԺΪҲһϾûʲôûˡ
Ǻǡ
ŷЦֱӳ֡
ͨǿµͨվڹȥڡδ֣ɨһС
Ĵȫ飬ս׶ˣ޸ܵشҪǸղżʱѾˡ
ȻˣǵսҲ䵽һֿµĵز޷סŷļˡ
νĽˣνĻսףǲһŷЦĴԷ
Ĵɫѿǲ֪˵ЩʲôΪʱ˵ʲôԵ÷ǳĲ԰ס
ΪǲǹŷĶ֣սԷ
ʹΪеˣǴʱҲ޷ǿʵֻбķݡ
ʹһҲܹõġɫѿǻ˵
Ļŷ̲סЦߵУǿһɵһ
û뵽Ȼ˽֪ʲôĻս𣿡ŷ翪ڣɫм
սףĻսףκսսȡ
ŷһ𣬻ս׳ϣµĻϢءϵϣʹ͸սҲܹܵ
ھĻսף֮챦֮⣬ΪսסǴԭϣҲһ챦ҪҲ˵
Ļսףһ𣿡Ļɬʵ
ɫ𺳣źղǻ̹ŷ磬˵ִĻս׶ӵУڶԷ㴩һսףжҪǿ󣬶Ҫֲ
Ϲսҵʦսףиҡŷ絭˵ûΣԼʦͷһҫʲô˵顣
ϹսʣΪǿļ֮һ𣿡Ǹ߾ȻϹսʵͷ
ŷЦû˵ֻɫдһĨм
ŷɫЩ˶ʱˣϹսûǰΪǿҲ֪ԭϹսʵĵӣǲǿĻǲء


1696 α
磬ȻЩУСˣͿ磬ΪѪͼҲòϣ֮УҲֿµǿߣϹսʱһλ
սʱƣһϹ֣δסǿ֣߳սҲ뿪ˣûзѪƴ
ȻˣսʵҲﴫɣϹսʵͷҲֹ᷸η塣
ŷսʵĵӣҲ˵սδǿߣȻǰȥսˣҲ䣬Ϊŷĺ̨ʵ̫ˡ
ɱǣĨһУȻϹսʣҲܶϤ顣ɭȻ˵
һ̣㱻ˣһˡ
һҲʶˣǵ˵ǲݣɱ˹ŷĻȻд鷳
սʻع飬ǵ֪һУܻŭʱ̤ƽڣҲΡΪΪǿˣҲסսʵϣǶ֡
뵽񣬿ʼ
ȼմһýֶΣȼеǱŷ緢
ͬʱ𱻹ŷѹŴĻߣҲһȫȼԼһУƴսҪŷ硣
һµĴսȸղŶҪпᡣ
һѳǹŷ綴һѪŷ֣ǸķɣȻֻغ£Ҫɱط
ˡ
Ǹ߻һͬһһȼ
ŷɫֻ£ȴ֡Ǵ֮ȼеһУͬ٣ȻԹŷʵҲԸⱻֻϣΪ
ֻغȥǸߴɣըб顣
Ǵ֮ʶһŷ߳Ҫϡ
ŷ˫ӡԻ档޾֮𸲸ǣȻ󱬷໥ģǹŷȴȻķ֣֮еҪԶԸͺѻٵ
һŻ棬ŷ߳
ߡ
ŷ֣һǿoȻ֣޾ϣûһŻ档˶ԾŹŷ磬Щţŷ粻ô
ʵϣŷ绯ӵһϹˮͨٻˮûһŻ档
䡣
֮ը֮ӵĪܣ޾ˮײıըŷ綼ɳȥסΣ¶һĨЦ
һ䣬ʣߡ
Ҳƴˣ֪ùŷնɱе£Σˡʱŷɱ
ʱżˣֱչƣֻҪߵʱ򣬱֣Է
һϼʹҪߣԵġ˶ˣʤĹؼڹŷʣµߵϣǹŷ类ɱˡ߱ɱǸϣҲӲŷʵԲϡ
ʱŷڱˡ
ն֮ҲûһɵֱչΪµĹֻؾأ׺Ƶֱһͷͷǿ飬ɱȥ
ŷݻϷߴѪȫԵʹȼ˴ﵽԴǱܣһеҲסΪ͹ŷ֮Ĳʵ̫ˣͲǶ֡
ۡ
һߣŷ飬ѪȾ񷡣
һ̣ŷҲ֣أնɱһ֡
ʣߣɫѿɫ֣̿ȫʧȥ˶־һ֮УǾѾ⡣
Ȼ߽ǿ߽ȫ뿪Ҳûеôһۣһ߾죬ɱƨ
㲻ɱǣڵĳԱǽնɱĻԳֵģʱ֣Ҳܵסһ𡣡һ߿ڣвˣùŷǼɵԼٳ֡
ǹŷͲǣֱӳ֣ɱ
ߣȫɱ
һӣϵɫˣ֪ԼΣˣŷڿ֣Ծܲ
Ĳ»ıϺ
һۣЦΪҲ֪֮еЩô£һЩαȡɳɾǸλãδл޵еս磬һն
α𣬹ŷһ£ʲô˼
ϵɫȴ͵ش䣬ŵĶŰô֪һ
̫СˣҲ̫߹ˣܶʱеһУ˵ʲôܣҪ֪һ¡мɫȻ֣ͣϴˡ
ʱѾʧȥս⡣


1697 ս
ɱŷͻȻڣðһ¡
ʱֱӻһ⣬Զȥ
䡣
ŷ֣ضȥ·ֻظ֣޷ȥŷֱӳȥһ̤ȥĽ£޾֣ʥҪѹȥ
򼶵ʿ𾪣ŷʵ̫ǿˣһ߾죬ȻԴԷ
۲֪ԼѡĴˣȻǰûôԵԴϡ
ϴŭ£޾ʵɳһѽն˹ȥǻʵ
ŷɫ䣬ЦһȻһȥ
Ľ뷨ײһһ̣ﱬ貵Ĺ⣬̼۾
Ȼŷ̫ǿˣһ֣˼ҡ
ˡŷ翪ڣһֻ£ĥʯ̣ǵأֹȥҪһϡ

³ػŷײ˹ȥ
𶯣¿µâɱ⣬ŷ缤ȥ춼ɱ⣬һܹɱһͽ׵Ļʡ
ɱںһ𣬿ֲ졣
ŷ֣ӡ¾ããȫȱħʬ壬޾е䣬ǰ緭𣬴϶Ҫˡ˵Ļɱײһ
䡣
ȫ飬磬û
ŷһѪһڼսиˡ
Ҳܣܵ˿µĳУȻƣܵصˡ
ͬһѪɫ죬Ųԣ֤ǿޱȣƽʱͬ棬δ·硣ǴʱȻˣ
֤˹ŷǿʵĶҪֲ
վһ߶ͫ΢΢һܵŷ֮ǰǿ󣬵ȴû뵽Ȼǿز
ʱĹŷ磬͵ȣս˲֪١ð𾪵ǣŷ绹δ߾磬Ȼ磬ӿֲˡ
˭룬ǹŷ̤߾֮󣬻ʲôӵĳɾ͡
ֹվһߣûжֻǿŹŷ֡
ΪŷҪɱϣֵС
ܺáŷЦһȻȥѪ𶯣ⷢ⣬ÿһѪ⣬ͷų޾ܣһѪܻٵһϹŴ綼Ϊ
ŷϢϵɫ׵ıˡһ˲䣬ŷ糹׳Խǿ
۹Ȼۡ̾žУȻеССʧ䡣£κ͹ŷȥȫûǸʱ
ŷ̫ǿˣʵããЩ֮⣬Ѱ֣Ҫδɻʣʵкܴռ䡣
ǹŷ˻𾳽֮󣬻жô죬˭Ҳұ֤
ֲ£ڰг֣΢΢ҡͷЦѡ
Ҳƴˣ֪Լٳ岻ȥͳ׵ˡԴͷȻȼգҪȥ
䡣
ŷֱ֣ʩչͨ
һ֣ޱȣһƬããȫǹŷͨɵɱ⣬û
ơ
ϴ߸Ǭţ߾ƣɣҪȥܹŷĻɱ
ǿײ޾ĻʵϢӿϻѪĿ磬֮䡣
ɳȥȻʮֵʵȼһĴǻǹŷĶ֡
ŷ˳ȥͣĳ֣ȡɱֶΡ
ֶ쳣ˣӵл߾սǿߣＤսѡ
ǿԿŷɨһеУȻ߾ĴڣҲǹŷĶ֡
ϲͣرһѪǱŷУȻ顣
ϲʣ񱬷ûãΪһʵ죬ȴŷ糹ѹƣ޷
ۡ
ŷʩ֣ʦʵǿɱ˫֮ѹƶ֣Ϻܱģһ㷴ûС
ɱҵġϴѾоĽ٣Ϊŷʵ̫ˣҪɱ
ŴҪΪԼ
ŷЦָ޾˸һϵİ塣߾Ѫ䣬֮ţԵ쳣ޡ
ŭ巢⣬һϢҪסŷ硣
սزѾûκֶˣͰһսʵѾˡԺ͹ŷһս˾Ե·磬һֱڣɱ
ҲţȻսʵĵӣҲӦ˱̬ŭ˵
¶һĨЦ˵ϱ
ΰ¡
ϵ뷨һ̣޾ĺڰУŷնɱ֪ŷݣŷܣͲѡһս
սʵͽܣϱ̫ˡˣʲô飬þȣΪǲܿ漣ǲء


1698 
ŷ֣ϵͷѪ۳һţ¶һĨЦݣ˶ľһ߾챻նɱˣʬȻʧȥȻźܿµѹ
ʿŷ֮г˾η޵УɨһеУⲻ˵˵ѣһʵ
ŷ翴˰һۣ˹֣˵ǰˡ
Ҫ뿪صݡ
ۼȻѾˣβһ廹۳֣űκõġڣ˵Ϣ
ʱԽ֮ʿĳӶһˣ֪Լһô޴ˡ
ƻָȻ۳ֵģ˵ʲô˵۸Ͳɵһ߾졣
ҹŷղնɱһʵĴڣȻΪԷͰս֮أǹŷʵҲʵ̫ˣڰ֮ϡ
ǣȴ˹ŷ磬Ҫ壬ֱһ޴ľͬʱҲް壬ǰԼһУʿҲľٶԼ
뵽ܶʿ˲ơ
ܵЩ˵Ŀ仯ԻʺͰԵŭЩһԼģȻջЩ˲ᶨǽͷһ
Ǵʱȴеԭ򣬶˰ϣðԱȫŭһʱ֮䣬Щ졣
ĿɨЩʿһ㲻
ЩʿȫɫһݣǸо˰Ĳʱ˲١ŷǵﲻѾ˺ڣٵʵ̫òʧˡ
뵽ȫԼĵ⡣
ˣﻹпˣȻǰԽͬڶ࣬վҵѣͲﵢˡŷ˵Ȼתֱ뿪Խ硣
ʿɫѿŷ˼ˣ֮ǰǰǾݵˣѣЩˣȻС
뵽ǼֱһҪĨӵĳ嶯
һֺǿߵĻᣬʧȥˣˣ˶Է˵쳣òʧһ顣
ǳԲȥҲȲȥˣЩˣҲ뿪аڣȻһ㣬죬ȴҲͬܵȻĻ벻ʲôýʱǵ鷳ѾݵǣȻܵõŷıӻġ
Եڣ˭ˡ
գȴѹֵĹǺȻҲе˶ڣҲһЩˣҪŰһ·ߵס
ǿߣǺ;֮䣬ϵǺܺãһֱûк͹ŷ׽
ȻΪһЩԭֻгݣϿɹŷݣ֪ԼԶǱĹŽһ;ݳΪѡ
ȻվһߣǾǿߣһǳõѡ֮ǰҲѡ
ֻΪĳ֣ݺͰ֮䲻òվһ𣬵ѾˣھݺͰ壬пʼͷˡ
ԣٴվһ
峤ҪЩ˸ǽͷݣΪǣֻҪٴγԽݣǱЩˣڰ˵ʲôѣ峤÷͡һãĳ飬ǻȴǻƽɫġ
ڤʣ峤ȷʵһƽãҲһߣʵǿ󣬵Ǻٳ֣һֱеһЩ顣
ƽ峤˵ĲҲδֻǾÿЦЩ˾ȻԹǰͷϣѵΪҰҪЩ𣿡Իʴɫм
ףЩֻһ΢СҪĻҪԼʵǿ
ͬŷһոʾԼʵЩ˱жҡ԰ˡ
峤׾ͺãЩ˲һЩϲģҪ˭ѡƽôЦ
һ˺һöӣԻҲ̲סЦˡ
ŷصݣɻɫ˵ղǿٰ߽Խ磬ȥնɱһ߾졣
ŷĻ˻Ȼǵɴ۾𾪡
ʿȫˡףŷ粻˵ѣΪֻʵ̫״ˣҲ˵ŷսѹǻ߾죬Ȼ֮ǸεǿߣҲΪǡ
뵽˶ܣǴ󺰵޵С
ŷԼλ棬Ϣʣûʥ޴ķĻУʾھ֮ϣ۵ϣɡ
ۣ˵˵ѣϺʵ
֮еʿһĻ֮󣬸пɬǰգԼʵ̫ᶨˡ


1699 ɥ־
һʢĻһϲҳŷӾˣ۵ĳƺһҪ
ʱľݣȻԻͣǿơ
һʱ䣬Ϊߵ˿ʼһһ콾һƿΪߡ
в˺أƾˡ
ǽĿͶݣΪŷδɻʣܶǸȦеˣһЩ콾һᣬҪսŷ硣
ǸȦ֮УˣأҪǿƣʱΪߣҪʶۡ
̳ͬѲһվھݡ
ǣһ죬˱ܵսһħǿ֣߳սԷ
ҰħӢѾΪߣȴûоκˡĬĬҪ۳Ѳֱ֮ӳ˼ս
߶ԻߣǿµһսǴǳ飬Ž磬ȫٵǾһսΪ֮ҰħӿˣƶǬУ𶯹Žƿµ˼㡣
ǸҪ۳ѲǿߣΪ죬ʵͬ£Ϣ񱩣ҪѹҰħ
յĽȫˣһƽ֡
϶ȾѪŶԷûٳ֡
ʵڹŷ硣쿪ڣΪ϶Լ²⡣ΪãԼ۹ŷ磬ҰħԼһƽ֣Ҳ͹ŷࡣ
ĻҰħ̲סЦˣ˵Һ͹ŷȣԶ
ĻһĶҰħҪ֪ǲѡҰħͬһͿκζ
˵ģѯʡ
˵Ļν۳ѲֱһЦȻѹǿߣջҪʧܣŷѹ
ۣΪô򵥵֮ͬУԺ޵֣ҲĶ֣ν۳ѲȡˡҰħ˵
֮УԹŷʵϿɡ
һǿɻ֮󣬶Ƕ֣ʵš
ڴˣʣµԼҰħ˵Ȼת뿪
ǸȦеǿһսδܣ˴һƽ֣Ѿ㹻ˣûıҪ
ԥ˰죬̾һ˰֣Ȼʧ뿪
еʿ֪а̾۵ƣδֻ֣һѳ֣㽫ǿʿˡ
֮УȻкܶΪǷˣдǣǺͰ֮ܣȴ˵ʲô˵ν֮佻
һִǣκܹԽԼԼʵѹһС
·ǰԵͰԻˡʱˣѾɻˡֻδȥǳ͵Ǽ˵Ķ֪֮УֳµĻߣԵͰԻʣδɻ֮ǰܹսƽĴڣڳɻˣ˵ս졣
رǰԵΪ壬ʹðսȰԻʶҪֲ
ȴ֪ʱǣԲǣһվ֮ǰԣڸסͬ˵Ĺâ
һʱһֱ
´Ҵ꣬ŷûκϢ磬ȻĴ˵ȴ۵Ӱ
˵۳߾ʧܣҪˣΪһ죬˿ݹŽ֮УһҪ׳ĳշһ죬һѪⱬϢʧˡ
Ҳ˵ŷȥǸطҪһƬս֮ϣʵԼΪ߾硣
˵ŷʵѾɻˣֻǳɻ֮ʵѾԽ˻ߣֱӴﵽ˻𾳽磬ӹŽҲûгֵ
һжֻǲ²⣬Ȼˣͬǿƣ콾ԾϾ죬Ĵ
֮еһЩһ̳ɻʡ⵼֮Уʵ˵˼㣬죬Ȼûйŷ򣬵Ҳиǵˡ
ʵϣŷֻó棬ûһ£ȻϷһԼţӹú
һЩ²⣬ҲţֻǺ⡣
е飬Ǻ͹ŷ޹һÿֻ棬ǸϹŴУŶʮһʱ
ŷһ̣ĽķšҲ˾֮һЩ˵ĲǾãŷеɥ־ˣУ۵Ϊ
ۣȥһ˳֣һߣĿȻڹŷϣһĨŭ⡣
ˣ׼һЩòˣˣһһ㡣ŷкһδоŭһ
Цݣһѽ뷿УȻŷ˳
Ҫߵĳ嶯ۣǷһʵǲܡ


1700 
ۣǻ򡣡޷ܣǳ⡣
ЩѾȫϿɹŷĵλһŷ統еoΪǿ
ڣŷȴ˷˲飬ĳЩ磬˵ӣ³Ϊһֳ衣ʱĹŷ磬ȴýζǺܿһôܹ
ۺͻ򲢲ͻΪʲôǻ򡣡ŷ翪ڣܿżȻй⻪һһƿƳ֣Ϊ˵һȻһơ
ƣһڱ㽫ƺȵ˶档
ŷЩ㶵ĿűŹֵ˼㡣
ôˣʵЩãȻŷԼʲô
ȿȡ
ŷɿһЩŹֵ˵ԼƵľƣųƻ֮£ֻܹһҪĺȣһӺȶˣġ
ŷĻüû˵֮䣬ûʲôܹģû㹻ԡ
˵仰֮ͻȻһΣȻһͷײ˵ϡ
ˡ
޴ùŷֱ죬һۡҪ֪ķ͵棬÷ģȻһĻߣѴ顣Դʵʵײ棬۲ء
Ϲ̫ˣ۸˼Һӡٻ˹ֹŷ硣
ĽţǲڱϵġȻڱԼٻܲ
Ϲҽӳȥɡ߹еСȻҪӳȥȻԱҲǺܸð
ȸ˹ҧָף˵ǲҪӳȥˣʵǶ˱̫ˡ
ȸȽŷ̲סޡ
һ̣ȸٴοڣ˵һһѪ⾫ιҵļСɰɡ
ȸĻļСɰˣĹ׳ɳͷµ˼㡣
˺գѾͷ˵˲̣ʵ̵ˣԼ
뵽˶ۣŷǿЦãȸһۣ˵Ҫ˵
ߣҪǿǾݵ˵ķϣѾüСɵˣﷳǣ徻졣ȸЦ˵
Ը𱬣ŷ綼ѹһʱ䣬ƢһǼµġ
ŷǲһԴϵ亹һһӡ
󣬹ŷԶ֣˳ȥֱӵ˾ܲ
һĻʿҡͷѾǵڼˣǶѾǵˣЩ꣬һֱȥҹŷ磬Ҫɥ־ÿһΣǻűӻ
ܶ˶Ȱ˵ҪȥҹŷˣΪŷ϶ԼԭرЩ˽ŷˣ֪ŷͲʲôɥ־ֿܡŷһﾫأԲĺͿ¡
֪ŷǣΪˡֻ˵ĻţһֱԼĿҪŷ
Ҫս㡣һ˽һʵǿ˵ǰȴһ㶼ֻΪһıס
һ£ҪսԼЩ㶡
Ҫ֪Ҫս϶սŷģûǸҪΪһֱΪȻȴûдﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
һֱڣûгɻʣԷҪսǿЦ
Ǹ˭ʲôΪʵ
һһ죬ǽʲôʡǸ˵Էֺİʣڳ˸û֡
ΪʲôҪսңʵ
Ǹ񽫿Ц˵ڻ۵Ķ֣˵Ҫսһ¸˽ԼΪȻܸ֮һ㣬ȥսۡ
һɵ𣿡ڳ˶Щ
ԯݺü˵ȥ̽һսܸо鲻ô򵥣δеǿߡ
ԯݺĻ˶һ磬ѵǱ档
뵽ǶԷеء
߲ƣǼ˹ͬ뷨
ãȥ̽һ£ǵһʲôӵˣֻҵģֱӻɱͬԼ˵һ粻̫˽⣬뿪ɣˣץϸʡһ˲Щ
ԯݺͷ˳ȥ
ã洫ҵĲȻԯݺͶԷˡ
ԣôоԯݺһ·硣ͻȻڣɫдһĨء
˶һۣԷеľҲܵһ㡣
緢սԯݺᣬȴһ㶼ռϷ磬˾Ե·硣е㲻֮УмܹѹѾɻʵԯݺģȻǸʲ򵥡


1701 ս
ԯݺᷢŭ𶯾硣
˶ȥˣǿһƽ꣬ԯݺἤսԯݺ˾Ե·磬ѪʩչԼǿֶΣҪԷѹơ
ԯݺļһս˶ǻһ죬ȴǶԷĶ֣ʣ˫ӡ֮ԵУѹԯݺᡣ
̬У˵ڴս˵ڵŰ˶ɫأǶڼսˣԥҪҪ֡
㲻УǵĸְɣԺһսʵ˵սݸ
ĻɫЩ̣ԯݺᶼĶ֣ȥǾǰŰģͲǶ֡
Է֪Ĳ֪װģһֱڽҪݸһս
ˡ۴ǳԷ
һ£ûмƽϣȴһ˫ǳ۾ۣʵǾݸһս
Ŀ⾼սʮ㡣
۶˵־ֱӳ֡
ǿƵһۡʾȵ˵ɫдһĨ˷ܣȻΪ۵ǿ󣬶оˡ
ͬһ֣˹ȥ
ǿµһĻϣƵĶ֮һУԻһС
ıԴ֮һ˼ޣǿ
ȭͷ棬ƣʩչԼͨȭء
ײһ̣۵ˣŲԡȻһҲֻһ
һ˵ǿ󣬱ȸղǸǿˣȻΪžݸ
һߵķͨ죬ֱǳķ̣Ļ˵ҲҳԼǾݸϾһҪսĻʵǲ֪Լòýˡ
ۺôͶԷܹսȴһ㶼ܵסԷĹ
ԯݺҲŭȣһ࣬ǲ޷ֲҪûУԲսһǻϵĻҲͬĽ
Ȼ޷Ϊ˻ܣʵ޹⡣ڽԯݺ˵һ޷ܵ顣
ڶԷ˵Ļʵǿ˿ڷ
ȨԶʤһģʧ߸û˵ء
ղǸҵֵܣһǿֻû뵽ʵȻôǿѣһս۵ĿڣΪԯݺ
ЩദЩ£Ѿֱ˴ˣõֵܡԯݺ裬Լ裬ûκ
ԯݺжû˵ֻ־ҪŬһٷˡ
ڼսʵǿᣬ۽գͣնȥھսҺǾݹŽ磬޾ʵػЩŷҲڳ֣ͣļӹ磬ǵսȻңҲ˾ݡ
еһЩʿڵ棬֮ϵ棬һɫ޲档
ЩΪۼͣҪսʤ֡
ԣ۴˺·硣ʿüĿ̲סһ
ʿҲһĻɫǡսˣĻݵӶˡȻսܣۺԯݺô꣬Ҳʮ㣬磬˾η
Ҳսˣݵ˵һִ
ȷʵ·磬ʵ̫ǿˣֿ֮µ򣬹ɱ
£˿ԵܣһͨҪˡ
ۻնһһʩչͨǿԷ׸ղԯݺĴһǿףͨǿµ˼㣬е޲ߵĸо
ʵϣǿĻҲѹʣڴԾ棬Ƶķ֣ԼͶԷ൱Ȼܹһʱܣ޷ƶԷͨʲôԵĴ
ԣ첻ܣȴһսϣѾõĽˡ
ʵĹǿϧҵĶ֡Щ˷ܵ˵Ǵۣ˵Ϊľݸһرٹһ
ЦŵֱӺһֶϻꡣ
ǲ
ʵ飬ǿҲסʥֱͨ˺ˡԪ˻޾ϣ
ǿԿһˣ˵Ĳᡣ
Ŀ˵˺ңˣҽһҪúõĽѵ㡣һֻŭȴһɱûУ⣬Ȼֱ۳˹ȥ
Ҫսһ£Ȼ¶һĨϲɫ


1702 
ŷôһȺļһһô£սѾ¯ࡣ˵սǼɣԯݺԲڹŷ硣
ʣȻҪսѡˡ
ʮ㣬۽Էս
˳嵽һǻӶԼȭͷԷ˹ȥ

ȫɳȥ˲ס
˶Ŀɿڴǵʵôôåڴܡۺˣһ㶼о˷ŭĶӣȻٴγ嵽һ

۵Ķϱһȭʹһȴһ㶼ʾһ̣۳ֱ֣һȭʵؿڣ˳ȥ
ͷһɱ
·飬ĿɿڴǾ˵棬ôСڴܡ
һȭѧҵġһ˵˵Ʀһ֪һ졣
ƨһк͵ҾѧҵģǵλһҲڣɴ۾⡣
֪·һȺСһ죬Լ͵ʦӿ¶ˡ
˴ȫǱף໥˺ţһӡ
գ˾һ𣬲ͣ໥ţͬƦڴһԯݺǳ鴤ǶĿԼ̲סЦ˵ǲҪңҿûнܡ
Ȼ˵˻쳣ɡΪۺԯݺѧⶼ֪顣
ԯݺŭЩļһһۣû˵ģʱûнˡ
Щŭˣƽʱ˵໰ģʱȴ³໰
Ƕǲһԯݺ໰ʱ򣬾ļˡʱԯݺᣬȻһ顣
ףǸأҿˣذһȵŷϢĳ֣һˣһۡ
̲סЦ˵ӣҲȷʵˣһ
ˡȻҲŷĻֱһŽ߿ȻŷǷɹȥ
ڹŷˣ鲻ġȻڼˣʵϽսزҲԸ⿴ģֻԷͨʵǱ̬ԸˣҲԸⱻѹơ
ݸڱҴˡʴЦгϲá
һתŭҪ˵˵û䡣֪Է˵ԼԺơ
ʵϺͶԷһսȷʵ·磬ҪֲܵĻҲһ¡ΪԼû䣬ֻǲս˰ˡ
ʺôһɤӣǴȥ۵Ͳǰˡ뵽תҪȥս
һסۣŷЦ˵ɶʱΪ˾ݸˣ
ŷĻ۵һۣû˵ΪһҪսʲôҲ֪Ĳ֪ǹװ֪ġ
ŷ΢΢һ㶣ܵж֪ǿ߽٣ȴû뵽ԷȻսġ
˷һۣŷ˵սߡ
̲סЦҡҡͷε˵Ķ֡
Ǿݸʵɴ۾һŵӡΪУʵ̫ˣʵסһ
һЦ˵ʧˣҲǿߣֻһʵҲͱһǿһ㡣
ҵУһϲġʺܲ˵÷ɫڡһ˵Ҳ̫˰ɡȻ͹ŷı̬޷ȣǱ˵Ƿϲģﻹе㲻ˬ
ŷ翴һۣ˵Լǿ𣿡
ǵȻ磬ҿ޵ˡʵ˵һ£һ£Ϊۺڿ˾ݸҲˣ۲ˣǸҺһսһƳ
һ⣬ѾһƳ˾һ
Nɪӣȫ̲סЦǽĿŷ磬ҪʲôӦ
ŷ粢ϴЦݣ˵ͷЦ˵Ҳþ۵סһͲĶ֡
ҲΪǼֱ̫ˣʵҵǾã۵λӦûˣʾͲ޵֣еУǱǸ۸ۡ
ŷһ˵ЩƮƮȻ˵ļɫԼѾΪһ
ֵܣĻϲˣʲôǽѰɣģҳΪ֮һġŷƣвͣ룬һ˵ôôأԺҪŷߣ˵һǳõġ
ҽйŷ硣


1703 Ҫ
е㷸ֹŷ֣ôôϤһվ˼춼ûзӦ
̲סЦһȱڻûзӦŷ˭
ǲ㣿˰Σڿʵ
ŷǽһ򣬲һֱˤڵϣ쳣ĶʣһﾹȻû
ۣ㲻飬Ҫɥ־һŭ˳
Ĺŷʱ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ¶һĨϲɫۣͨˡ
һ㶼δʣֻۡ
ŷ纹գһôôأһջĸоЦһ˵Ҿǹһỹȥġ
ɫֱӳɸ֣ŭۣˡ
Ҫ˵ǳ⡣
ͲĻŹŷ磬˵۲Ҫɥ־Ҫ֣㲻֣ܶ˶ҪսݣôѰ㵲סˣھݶѾΣˡ
ڻԻɣǲûսߣǿȫĿͶݣ˵ֻҪ˾ۣܹԻޱȣг
Ա˵ݳž޴ѹһ಻һŷΪ׷ϣΣˡ
õģΪۣȻɨе֡ŷ翪ڣģϴһĨЦݣǴûиܵв
˵һߵʶ˲ԣŹŷ磬ɫ÷ǳʣһ̭۵ļһȻۡ뵽ЩŭȻȱҲ֪ԷԼˣء
һ͸ˡŹŷ磬˵
תŭʲôӱ졣Ϣ죬ʣղŷ飬֪Ҳ֪ʵֱӿǳ⡣
˵ʲôʴŭ
ʲôŷĵѡ
˹ŷһۣܲܲҪȱ£˼ұҲֻΪȰ㣬ȴҪŰҲǿˣŷ£Ҫʺͱһս
ҲףǺһսĻսܡʵǿ󣬾·硣
ȻǲܳԽǡ
δۣҪѹ㡣ʴŭֱӳȻҲܾһôǿڳֱ֡
ܵǿʵһݣȻЩԺԲվ˴ˡ
ֱӱɣ˫ӡһѽɫ쵶նԷ
һֱǿĹûκαڵı쳣ҪһսйԼ
쵶նԼͬȥµĻϢӿȻʳ֡
һһһӣԼĹȻᣬֱӺԼ
һƽ쵶ķɣȻתƹȥ
Сһսŭ
ĻʵıӶһˣǲһսȴһһս
սʼûɱ⣬ȫǴսҪͱĻܻ
ϣģϾʲɵھ֮к˼ҵǿôô
֮ʱıѹƣǵӶһɳˡ
ԭЩȻºģ²ҪģڱȻٺᣬǿ󣬴ʱҲЩΣԷͲҲ
Ȼûͷ
Ǿôġʴ󺰣һӡ
̲סЦһղŻһţأΪŷ粻֣˸ͽʣڿȷʵˣڱʱƵһĳ嶯
ǱʵĻ֣ɱȻʣһ̶ɡ
ڣʵϢȫգչµĹ
ʲĻҪܣҪѪʱȻߣѣᱻУʱıء
ģҲսвУ뿪ֱһ޳ġ
ڴʱͻȻһ£ʣȻ֣ȴʵս۵ģ
ʵͷ
Ҳ֣һսΣѯʣ˶һ㶡
ʵ۾ĵͷ˵˵ãû⣬ֻҪס֣ʲôʲô
ҲУ
ŷҲһҲڸԼء


1704 һѹ
ǿ˷ܵʣȴһͬ飬۹ŷʵûʵҲ֮ϡ
ʣ˱֣ȴҪ͹ŷһսŰء
Ȼû˵Ҷ뿴ŷڳôʱ֮ʵ״ﵽһʲôΡ
˱˶ţŷ粻ȹˡԯݺ˵ŷǰʵھôһ£ʵҲǺ
ȻͲԯݺ˵УŷǳУ޷԰ΣѾˣŷ绽ѵĻҪȻˣʱҺڶ
Щһֱͼ˵ŷ磬ÿһΣӻҲһˣһٵǰùŷ綼Щͷۡ
վһߣˣû˵
쳣ţƵָŹŷ磬˵һսһŷӣΪݸʵ̫ˣùŷʵҪǿȥۣеͽ
ŷҡͷվ˳ȻһԲһֱӳ˳ȥ
µ𶯣ϣ޾ʥû

ʴ⣬ȻסеĻȫŷ飬ȻŷĴֱӻ壬ǾԵѹƣݺݵؽĳȥˡ
ʲôǿŽǿ˶ĲҪ֪ʿۿѹۺԯݺĿ´ڣڹŷУȴסһ
ǿŷɵӣףŷûʩչȫȻĻĺпܻɱʡ
һʵ״ﵽʲô̶ȣԯݺЩʧ䡣
Ϊɻ֮󣬿С͹ŷ֮Ĳ࣬ڿף֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽˡ
ȾѪһˣŷһֻѹô岻ȥզ࣬ŷг˾η
һɫŹ֣üͷоŷڵʵǰǿˡ
̬˵һ䣬Ȼ㱻ŷ˹ȥ
ŷһѽȻֱȥ˶Źŷ磬ҲʹŷЩʲô
ʵǺ棬ϾǿһˣԴȱһ֮ǰ֮УĬĬ
˵ʺܿܲеˡ
ˡ
ŷֱӽڵϣˣһ¡ϻߴĴޱȣһ죬Ѻġ
ۡ
ʲҽУֱӱˤ˹һԻѹҲֻйŷֶΣκһ˵ĶС
㵽ʲôˣŷʵĿ֮гϣλϣʣһֲɵϡ
ôôǿ󣿡ͬʵһ㶼ûλ²Ծ
ŷ类ʻŪЦˣʵΪʲôҾͲǿأ
˷һֱۣ˵ĸĿ㲻Ӧǿģұƭˡ
˵꣬ݺݵĵһ۱ǵþһԼһսȴ䵽һ³
ֱޱ飬ŷֻҪٴǸλϣˣûԼ۵ݡ飬ںν
ӣʲһҪѪһԼܸһɫɣǱӣʵ̫νˣһǸӡ
쵰

ﲢֻЩһֱŸ飬ԵУȫ棬ʵ١ŷ翪ڣ˷һۣЩǸ˵Щ鷳ˡ
ҡͷû˵ͱ˲һϲǷȴϲ飬ȨߣõʲôʧģЩ飬һС
Ҷ֪İãû˵ʲôϾҲǷκһ˶ñȷá
ԭǶƭӣҡһҪ޵ĳ嶯ԭݸûиΪԷʵȥƲŷΪȻף䵽زҲԹ˱ˡ
˭Ҳûƭ㣬Լµģ㻹˵ɣҪҶֶΣ¶˵һ顣ŷ˵о˸ʣһĨµѹ
ŷѾ÷ϻˣҪԷʵȻĻԻᶯ֡һˣҲĳԱŷɲʲô
еƣ˹ŷһۣβЩȻ˵ʦ֣򡣡


1705 ʦ
ŷЩ뵽ǸʤѩŮӣŹ֣սʱֻһŮǿƵ˼㡣
ʶʱ䲻һ·棬շֱ
ЩһֱûϢŷǲˡöԷģ֮С
Щ˲֪ǿߣûһͬˡŷҲɾۣ磬Ը񣬶ȴһϢûС
ڹŷ֪ȻǰʣҲˣʦ֡
ŷû˵˫ֽӡһʵԴϡ
һŮӳ֣Щã۾ŷʱ򣬶ʱ̲סһŮӲǱˣ
ôЩȵ˵ˮŹŷ磬ɫһЩ⡣
ȻԼĳ֣˾ȡ
ҽʦĶļ䣬ٻһǰþòˣû뵽㾹Ȼ򡣡ŷ翪ڣһĨЦ⡣
ͷɰ˵Բ֮ǰûи㣬ⲻԹңǸϹʦ˵
ƺԼʦΪϹҲʡ͵ĵơ
ŷЦǿ
ԼʦҪһ㡣ŷĶЩ
˹ŷһֹۣҼǵõ㺰ԼʦҲǺϼһġ
ĻɫŹ֣ǿ˹ŷһۣԭŮȻǱŷ̻ġ
ŷЦЩСΡ
ˣ˵Щˣ˵ʲôģҵĻǼģŷ翴һۣһ⡣
ĶԼʦãһӡ
ġ
ֱӿڣһԥûС
ҾɡŷЦ˵ϱµɱ⣬ֱʵϡ
һʦã㲻ʦҴ㲻ܺҰأʦ
ŵùǺŷɱ⣬ϣľʱҪɱһֱĸоеС
ŷ̲סЦ˳ҲЦ˳ΪʱҲЦȻǹԼʦֵġ
ʦ̫ˣҪʦǸϹ˵㱻ſˣʱҿôʦ𡣡ĴЦ
ĻɫӲһҪˣԼʦŵá
ˣҪˣǳϢˣˣŷҵʦ֣Һúչһ£һʵǿŵǱǧҪȥʲôǿˣʡɵһ˫ڹŷϣһĨЦ˵
˿ŮȻ龫֣Ǹʦ㣬ΪʦֵʣԴһһչ˵ʦһ
֪ˡŷͷ
һ֪Լûˡ
п棬һϲġЦ˵ȻͷʦǸϹˣˡ
ĻӰʧȻǽһ˻ȥ
ʺߺ󣬴ӵ˹ŷһۣͻȻ¶ֺõЦݣû뵽ۣȻ䣬Ӣ˲ʵǿ˸޵УҶľ硭
ͣŷͷƤһ飬ֱӰ֡
ֱӱͣһһЦţֺõŹŷ硣
ʲôҪңŷʵ
¶ȵɫ˵ô֪Ҫġ
һһãȻӣԼû˵ŷȴѾ³ˣԷʵ̫ˡ
˺Цһʲô鶼дϣͻȻ͹ŷĵ˵ȻҪŷ硣
һͲùˣֻҪң㵽ҪҰʲôˡŷ翪˵λ档
ɫͨ죬Źŷ磬ֹ
⵹ùŷЩˣһ￴ҲһƤˣôͻȻ˼أ
ɫ֮Щ⣬ա
˵ɣֻҪͿ϶㡣ô˵ʦ֣ղҲûھֳʲôһֱսûɱ⣬ֻǴд衣ԹŷȻĻһƳȥˡ
ɫͨ죬ĥĥ˰Σŷ϶¶һĨͷɫڿڣ˵Ҹϱ
ȿȡ
ŷ类ԼĿˮǺסˣһī˰죬ȻҪԼϱŷˣʵʵŮֻҪ˵һ»гǧȴԼæϱе㲻
Ҫʲôӵϱŷֵʵ
ԼԴԥ˰죬ſ˵Ҫ󲻸ߣ߾ŮʾС
ۡ
еȫˡ


1706 
ŷ綼Щ㶣һ߾Ůʣһﻹ롣ǸŮӣһʯǺѶģ˵ܸһһ쵱ϱˡ
ҪȡŮӵķģһ͵Ǹǿߣܹң֮УҲûǸŮӡ
֮ǰҲУǶϱǱƽǸ硣
ŷ¶ΪѵɫʸϽ˵Ҫ߾ҲУһ۾ŮۣҲΪѵġ

ڳ˵һҲ̫˰ɣһ۾ŮۣպϣĽԼɻˣ
ԼҰɡŷ
ŷĻʶʱżˣϽ˵ۣղ˵Ļôܲ㻰أ˵Ҫһϱġ
û˵һ߻ߴ۾ϱҪ̫ߣҰ첻ŷ翪ڣֱӷ񶨡
Ц߾죬ôܿһ
ҪҽһҪ󣬻߰ҲСʼŷɫᶨ֪ûϷˣһҧҪ
ǰźҪ£һ򲻹ȺŹŷ˵꣬һֱ̤뿪
ۣ㲻áʲҽС
Щͷۣһʵǿȱһе㵣ʻ£ܿơ
ֻŷڸʵĻصǸϹŴ磬һڵӡ
Ϲˡһڼңŷʱֱ˹ȥڹŷĻС
ţһС鷳ˣأŷʵЩ֡
Уûио⼸Ůˡ
ȥˣ˵ȥӣұҲȥģǷڼ㡣˵Щơ
Ҷǳ죬ŮˣֻһӣǶԴ춼Ķһ쳣۰
һʱ䣬Ƕȥһ۹졣
ǸСӣڻңҲ֪һԼǣ׹ȥô򡣡ŷ粻Щˬ
ŷĻȴûͬ˹ŷһۣ˵ҪʵɱгϢˡ
еĸУӶȸǿҹҲ֮Уᵽ֣󲿷˶¶ηɫ
ŷȴҡͷɳ̫˳ˣĥѲϣܹܵһЩۺʹȻȻԺɳˣɾҲޣﲻϵľ硣
ǹŷĿ·һ·Ѫƴģ˺ܶδս׷ɱҲֹһΡǻ֮䣬ճ𣬳ɾλ
ǹ첻һϽ֮ϣܵһЩĥ֮⣬ʱ䣬һֱǳ˳
Щĥ㣬ױǿĴڻ塣
ҵãֻҪ㹻ǿʲôѶܹȥŶӱ۸𣿡ģЦӯӯ˵
ĻŷЩи̣ղŲ˵ԼأھҪԼӣʵе㵰ۡ
Ȼ˵ŷҲǿǿ۸Լĺӡ
˵ͷû˵
ϹΪôˣͻȻʵ
΢΢ҡҡͷŷɫ֮Щã˵Ҫɻʺͳɵۣǳףں֮Ϣ׻һʲô⣬Ҳ֪һֱԥǰ˵ķʺңҪԼһŷ߳Լĵ·ܹͻơ
ͷ𣿡ʵ
ʵϣֻйŷļŮ˲ŷɣҪɣΪҪ򷨣ҪһĻ
Ͷʮһ͵Ļ࣬ŷķǳɣ̬Ϊʵġ
еͷǲ̫ҪҲҪһЩʣͬʱ߱磬һϵķҲܹһʲôŷ˵
΢΢һ£ЩԹ˵Ҫ뿪
ŷͷҡͷ˵뿪Ҫһʱ䣬㲻õģҪǻҲŻ뿪
ŷĻһ¶һĨЦݣ˵á
Ҫ͹ŷ絥ദһʱ䣬һҲǽרΪʱ䣬Ȼŷھ뿪
ŷҪڽٻǻ֮ߣһеԹ˲١
˼βסŷ¶һĨЦݣСӡ
ĵ˹ŷһۣȻſǰһҸӡ
֮УʹȻвסʼڡ³ҲǳңΪһˣ֣֪ˣֱӽѹ
ҿһ̬쳤̾
̬áһƳʵԴ棬ֱӷһۣܱı˹ȥ


1707 Ż
̬ۺԯݺһȷʵһ̬ѾԹʵˣһһǰļ䣬ޱȣԵʧ٣Ȼٳֵʱ򣬾ͻøǿ
һۣȻǳ֡ѣֵܣʹϴڣҲܹǳ֡
ŷءʵ
ɨݣûҵŷĴڡ
һϹŴУ֪Щʲôۿڣŷڡ
Զĺɸ֣˵۶ˣֻ˵ó֣Ȱ˺ܶΣûá
ž
ֱڱԴһ£ʱñŭĿӡ
㲻Ҫңĸף㸸ʲô˵ֻɵЦҪҵۣ㸸׻ȡ˵
ʲôһ㶣ɫ䣬𾪵Ķ˵Ǹˣɫ𺳣һ£ȻǱŵˡ
һ߾Ĵڣ߹ܹ֮ΪȫΪһǿĴڴķָĵ
ǸˣĸףδܹɹĽ߾硣˵ʱҲ֪ô£ԷԼԴȴһŭûУ֪ΪʲôȻɵЦ˳
λʱ
Ż𡣡˱һۣ˵
ֱӹȥݺݵڵϿͷһĻ˶ˣôˡ
Ҹܹ֮߾죬ΪŻԭŻҸ״ˣͬʦһ㡣͡
ȻǰֻŻתףĵ·ʵħҲֻͬһ˰ˡ
Լ׳ʦˣȻ˿Ĳ
ҺŻһǿƵˣʱϻ죬ݣ֮³˼˵
һЦ˵žҡ
ֵϣһӣʵûа취Ǹǿϵһ
۸ǷһţҪһһȥ׵Ķȥˣһۣ˵ֵܣ齻飬͵ϮңС㡣

ֱӱһָǰܹѹڣԲĶ֡һʵڿҲֻйŷܹ֪
ˣǷϻˡҪȥҹŷˡһʧ
ǸϹŴʱ򣬶ʱɫ¶һĨȡЩãȻĿһܣֹģʷķչȻƣһԴأҲӵġ
Ļ϶𾪣һﾹȻھݵԴҪ׷ݵĵһͷ´ˡ
Ȼû֪Ӧһ£жһ˱ߡ
ŷˣȵ˵ʵôô죿
Щ𾪣Ŷ೤ʱ䲻ʵѾһֲĵز˵ھһ߾ǿߣһսʤһ
ŷ𾪣ȴ֪Ҫ𾪡ŷӣǹŷȷģе㲻˼顣
ʵڸǿ󣬱ΪѾԽŷˣڿȴĲһŷʵͬɲ⡣
ȣҾҰ׻ôꡣƵ˵
ʣۣŵʺһߵһǹŷ磬ֻȢһţںֵѾƵˡ֣ʹԼǰļ䣬ٶϣûпŷ磬ڹŷʵѾԽˡ
ŷȻܵƣ̲סЦЦŷɫüͷ˵ѾﵽǸ磬һƿʲôܹ𣿡
ûУ־磬ÿÿ˶صĵֻܹ˵Լȥ򣬳ҲͳˣɵĻҪ硣ɫЩأŹŷ磬´Ȼ̾Ϣһ˵Ĳ֪ϱô࣬ǳȫ㣬Ǻ㣬õĻĺ˵ܲͻơ
ⲻǴŷ磬ԼͻƵʱҲ޴谭ʵϣ˵һѪ⣬֮γɵġ
Һõʱŷڳֱӳ֣ŽĻĺп𣬳ɢԶʧ֮䡣
ҲǾҾܹͻưɡԼıӣŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣҡͷ˵ҪʵڲУҪǿʵɻʳɵۣȻ޵Уܹǿһ˵ĲΣܹ޵УδûгѵĻᣬҪ̫ǿ󡣡
ŷ粻ȻߵһҪһֱȥֱǿ


1708 
ܹܵŷ̬Ȱ⡣ʵϣ·ûмͬߣϣиˣ̤·ߵ۷塣
ĿǰϣֻһԼǹŷˡ棬Ͳùŷ
ͬˣ·ȷʵ̫ˣȥѰһЩҲܹɹѵ
һҪ뿪ŷ翪ڡ
ĺɣʵϹŷպǸ𣬾Ҫ뿪ˡڸӦϢʱԱߡ
۵һˣҾһͨʿȥ⣬ȥ۵ŷ翪ڣ˵Լ뷨
ͷ
Ҳֻ˵ɣŷ
̸ֻ֪ЩĻ벻һˣԼ϶ʲô鷢
ǰһα磬סܹסʱ䣬㣬Σ֣֮նǸα𡣡к˸
α𣬹ŷһڰ֮Уαƺȴ֪⵽ʲô˼
ɻĿͶŷ¶ѯɫ
αָԸֲͳֶΣɾ͵ĻĻ߾죬ȻҲǻ𣬵ǳһӢţҲͱȻ߾ǿһ޵еġͣα
ڵŷʵ
˵ͷŷܹ³ʵʱŶ磬նɣЩֻǵĵˡ
Ŀǰֻڵһ
ŷЦ
ڣǴ£ɱˣȻ
ҪСǣαϾҲǻȻû޵еսҲȻ߾ǿ󡣡
ŷͷȻ⡣Ļ𣬳α𣬵ǱϾлĳƺּǿߣȻֻմһ㣬㹻£ܹӡ
ˡŷͷ
״Ҳûٺ͹ŷкתߡ
뿪ķ򣬹ŷһһ̤뿪
ŷ磬һˣȻǵʶ͸ֻ֪˾Ժܿ¡
һϵ磬ǿƣȻħͰ壬ͬܿ¡磬ĶΪϵķ
ŷʥǣֻһɣյӡ
Щæյӵʽӣһǰʮ㣬ǶһΪܳˣȻĻҲᱻʥΪӡ
ŷҲͬŶӣҪڵɡ
㲻У뿪̭ڲԵĵӣָǰ˵뿪Ǹ˵еˣȻתߡ
ȻڳΪĵӣǳʧеɥһֵŷ磬վ˹ȥ
ǸʽӣִڹŷϣûŷڣȻ¶һĨȵɫ
ǽܳΪ񣬿ԳΪŵӡ˵ʽӹ˹֣Ц˵λʦܣԺա
ͶԴղ̭Ǹȣʽӵ̬ȿνһٰʮȵĴת䣬̲סЩĿ࣬Ҳ̫ʵһɡ
ңԺʦֶչˡŷ繰֣̬ºͣʽӷǳˡ˵ͷ˵İɣԺʦֵܣȻҪ໥չ˵ģʦǳϵĲԣͨϵĲԵĻԳΪϵ״ӡ
лʦѡŷͷȻ󲻻Ųæ˹ȥ
ЩȫŹŷ磬Ϊ߽ͬڻʣɴ˿ɼŵʵǿ󣬱ϾôͽڻʵǿߣȻǿһĹŽ磬Ҳ
ҹŷԿ϶ⲻǵȫʵ
ŷĿ⣬ûͣǵϣǶסһ뷢԰׵ߡԷΪߣϹŴ񾳽磬ͷϡ裬ۻƣʱһ
˲Уŷ羶ֱ˹ȥ
һ¡һڻʵĳϺùŷֹ
ŷתǸϣЩʵʲô𣿡
ʲԳΪҵĵӡǸ˵һİȻɫ
΢΢һ£ŷҡͷ¶һĨЦݣ˵лϺ񰮣ѾѡԳϺ񰮣ŷֻܹллˡ
Щ⣬û뵽ԷȻҪԼΪͽҪ֪ЩϿǷǳ߰ģΪһӣڡ
Ǹüͷһ壬˵˵ԳΪҵĵӣͿԳΪҵĵӣǸʲôô֮У֪ǳ֮ͽһʵϹŴ񣬻һЩӣʣܹɽܳȻвСĳɾͣûԼ


1709 ﳤ
ŷ絭һЦһǸĳϣЦ˵ҵǾãλϺܲʺҵʦ
ŷĻǸվڵĳϴŭŹŷ˵Ѿȥˣ֮У˭ҲʦΪѾǹڵĵˡ
ΪԼ˵Ļ֮󣬹ŷʧɫȻԼڿˡŷû뷨ܵȻվɫƽ
Ǹĳһۣŷ翴ԷķӦ
㲻ÿҪȥû˸ǸǿƵ˵ٴβмɨǸﳤϣɫдһĨġ
ŷ絭һЦվﲻǸûԷĻһ
˭ҵĵӵģﳤվǵۣŶԷʵ
˶סˣ˭Ҳû뵽ﳤϾȻվ˳Էۡ
ֱӽŷ˵ԼĵӣںͶԷ⣬ȫǸҪŷĳϲƽڣĸ֣ЩѾɻʵǿܹѹ֮⣬Ķ֡
ԣڹڣĻûм˸ΥкǿȨơңпǹ֮Уһ߾ǿߡ
ﳤϽʲôû֪Ȼǹڵĵӣֻ֪ﳤԼһһĿס
㲻һһֻһˣڶϾ㾹Ȼ˵ŭﳤϵгɱ⡣
׳ա
ŷ翴һۣСֹ
￴ǲŷҲﳤϣ治һһҲΪ۵İʦġ
ڹŷ翴νķﳤϣʵܲдϢͣתڵˣôǷףΪǿǿߡ
ֻǣȻΪܸȴ޷ʵų֮Ϊ
˵ʲôʡ
Ļŷ粻Ǹﳤȴڣ˵Ƿ
䡣
˶ˣŷﳤϣֱڿһʹΪһĿףǷﳤվΪֻϹŴ񾳽磬һڻʵǿ˵ֱ
ȻͬУǿд裬д壬ʹɱ˶ԷҲᱻ׷
Ƿŷֹһмӡ
ŷĻڳ˶ǿһĶˡǾ˶ǷˣȻ
һͨʿ¶Ҫŭˣοļһ
䡣
ﱻɫ࣬ƣֱӱ
µƺƵ쳣ˣŰããɱ˾˹ȥȻ÷ϻˣֱӳ֣Ҫɱˡ
˶סˣΪ˱
Щһɫ䣬ϽֹɡѾˣɱȥޱȣû
ˡ
ܶаǾùŷ˱Ϊɱ֮£ûʲôܹӹȥġ
һĿˣ飬ȻԷֻһﳤϣϾһĿףɱи
ȻǿƣǴ˺ҲҪܵ޴ĳͷпܻᳬĳܷΧǴʱѾŭȻѾ˲ôˣϴЦһܽӡ
âɢڳ˶סˡ
վţһ鶼ûСŷɫ쳣ɣһĨмЦݣɫǳһܡ
¶ŵɫ˶ûúúõģⳬϡ
УŷˣӦöɱ˲Ŷԡ
ôܣ̲ס˵ڿһﳤϿһۣȻŷ磬˵߰ɡ
ȻҪ뿪
ڳ˶ûзӦôû£ѵΪղֻӣҪһһӣԸûʹ̫Ĺ
ӣ͸ûˡ
뵽ɫŹ֣ͣĴдɻ
ɫһһףﳤҪߣŭŵ㲻׼ߡ
ŵǷﳤϵ֣֪ȴ֪Ϊ֮ͬһʱˣΪ˳ϣֻŵϹŴΪһĿףֻһͨĳϡ
Ȼںܶ˿ƱŵҪǿˣԼȴףеĵλԲŵ
Щһֱ벻ףΪԼûгΪһĿףʹǼûһҲĽ䷢չ
Խ벻ףԽǷŭձ˺ŵҲΪʲôŷŵֱվԭֻû뵽ŷ羹ȻһӶ


1710 ʵ
ֵܣĪҪʣͷԡŵڣ˵Ļ
ŷڣЩȣû뵽ŵ֮䣬ȻһϵֻڿֵܣȻе㲻ϸ
ǺǣƾҲҵֵܣ㲻֪һӵĹʺˣȻһĿףҾ˶֪ûʸ񵱵ġŭŵ֮гŭ⡣
ԭΪԭ򣬺ܶȻȻŵ֮УһĨġԼֵܶʣһʵ޿ɾҩˡ
ȻûԸΪһϲĳϣȥһпܳɻʵˡ
㷳û˵ŷȴЩͷˡеĥĥģ£Ҫͳ򣬲ĻһߴȥʲôƤ˵ˡ
СӣҴʰ㡣˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ŭˣҪڽѵˡ
ŵ֪ǲˣ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵֪ҳΪףԭģңȷʵʸ񡣡
ʦʲáŷһ߿佱
˹ŷһۣŵЦЦǵ֮дһĨŹ֡
ŷҲǺٺһЦһղĸо
ŵ˵λ𣿡̲סЦڿһɵһɫ֮У
ŵûлӦֻǵ˵ְɡ
ͻȻֱͦˣ˲ʮ꣬ȻģģǸ˵ĸоȴȫһˡ
ʱʵȻȻϹŴľ磬Ǹ˵ĸоȴȫһϣһֿµϣĲһԻߵĸоѹһĻ߶ӿֲ
ֳЩӵȴȫֹͣˣҶĿͶŵϣͻȻãŵҲĲ򵥡ΪһĿףŵʵȴȫ
ҲмǸܵŵʱϢͻȻãҲŵʵԼеô򵥡
ͫ΢΢һЩ𾪵ĿһŵȻҲû뵽ŵʱ򣬾Ȼоѹ
Щţѵŵʵ𣿵ǿŵһۣоΪϹŴѵԼĴа
Ȼе㷸ֹڻѾ˵ˣȻᷴڡЦһ˵ȻҪѿҾͳȫ㡣
˵꣬ٴͷųǿϢ䣬ÿһƶԻϵǳһֻ£ɫֱӽŵ档
һʩչȫָƣµɱ⣬ûһС
ȻһڻʵǿߣҲӲһֻжܡ
ǴʱŵȴǱɵһվҲ
ٳϾŵϽ㿪ȻǣδܹסһУοŵ
ղŵϵϢе㾪ˣȴãǿ϶ŵ֪ʩչʲôǿԳģʵʵͲǿ
ȻǾá
ֵֻŵͷȴҲ䲻ˡŵһָȻĴֶסˡ
ʲô
죬ҿ𣿡
ǵǷﳤôǿһָסﳤϵƣҪʲôӵʵȻ߰
˶ھ̾¶˼ɫԼ۾ʵȥʱʵʵȻǸղŵһĻ
ɫǺ죬һŵϴŭ
ʵһѿ
ǺǿǱǿһ㣬һ߶һս·硣ŵ˵ʱΧһƬƬ
ͻ߶һս·磬ս̫뺷ˡ
ڹŷУ߶ĲʲôǶ˵ȴһȻһЩ˵УҲǿ´ڡ
ĽڻʵǿߣֱǿˡڻߣЩ˼Ķûм̫غңɼˡ
ŵ˵Լܹһ߶죬Щȫվ𾪡һЩڿֵĳϣʱȻһ£һһƨ˵ϡ
ǲԼĶ䣬ΪԼˡ
ܣ϶ǼٵģҲšǿҪŵѹơ
ŵҡͷһȡ
䡣
ǱһɳȥѣһֱըˡǿܵشȻֱûս֮
˶ŵһĿףȻǿֻһȣ㽫һڻʵĸֱ֣شˡ
ʦţơŷ󺰡
˹ŷһۣŵ̲סҡͷЦЦ˵Ҳϲ
ϲңڳ˶̲סҡͷҲ̫ˡ


1711 
ŵĻֱһѪ˳һ˹ȥǱŵġ
ŷ֣ʦţơ
˹ŷһۣŵ˵Ҫƶˣ뿪
ŷͷһ뿪ʱŵ֮Уžηɫ
кܶµӣĿȣŵϣ˿ҪǱһϣΪӣ˵ֱǰ;ˡ
ǣŵûпһֻۣǾֱ뿪
뿪֮һȺĵӣϽ̧ˡͽܣڸղŵʱ򣬲˵ڿŸҶԼʦ
ŵһɽ壬ҰݴС䣬쳣¾ɡȻŷ֪ŵһˣǴʱҲ̲סҡͷҲ̫ˡ
䣿ŵѯʡ
ŷͷûԼ뷨Ȼһǳˣ䣬ԵʵеĿ
ⲻɽֻһССɽ壬û̫ڳԵúƶ񤡣
ҾˡŵЦţ˵Ļһ¶ܵɫ
ĳǺϲǹŷ磬ȴܵ𶯡ϲˣô򵥵ɣȴԵȻ
һУ棬һʲôӵĽԶΪ˳ĶΪϲС
ԼĵֻҪʣʲôùܡŵڣ˵ɫ֮Ե쳣Ȼ
죿ŷ羪ȡ
ǴʱŵȴԼĵ
۲һûаɣŵЦʵʵĻŷ粢⣬ԼܹŵĲһŷţŵҲܹԼĲһ㡣
ĵͷʦǺ
ŷĳƺŵ̲סЦЦ˵۵ʦһִǣǱЩʿ֪ˣ϶̲סĽҵġ
ûзϿɹŷĳƺȻԼŵлǷǳϿɵģԼãĳЩطԼԳΪŷʦ
Ȼ㺰һʦҲҪһЩڣҿں֮ĵ۵ͻʵѾﵽ˽ڻʣ˵ﵽ˽ڵ۵ľ磬Ҫͻƣȴû·ˣ˵˵ĶԲԡŵ˵ȻŷĴȫ˵˳
ŷͷüͷ˵ҸоԼսδǸ磬ЩΪʲô
ΪʲôҪͻƣŵѯʡ
ŷԥĻش𣺡Ϊ˸ǿ󡣡
ѾøǿˣʵΪʲôҪ׷ߵľ磿ŵʵ
һ£ŷ羹Ȼ֪λشһֱãԼӦôﵽһˣȴˣԼʵһֱ
ǣﵽһ磬ҵվޡŷüͷ˵ǵ
˵ɻʣ߳ɵۣ˱˵·Ҳġ
ںϣǿѾͷȻҪٷ
ڵľ磬û˼ޣȻһ磬ôܡŵҡͷɫ֮дһĨ⡣
ŷһ¶𾪵ɫԼ֮Уδߵյ㣬ôܣԼʵѾǿĲˣ۷ĳ̶ȣҪʵ̫ˡ
˵ûߵͷôܣŷ̲ס硣
ߵ˾ͷˮɣȻͻƽһ磬Ǳڣʵڸҵľָоŵ˹ŷһۣ˸˵Ļ
ŷͷŵЩŵʵܹˮ𣿡
ŵͷ
˹ŷһۣŵһָ˵ҴһŹŷ԰
һâûŷüģûпܣ̹ȻĽ˶ԷĴŷҲŵŪʲôֽţֻҪдĵˣڹŷǰˡ
ŵľ粻쳣أǾԵʵڹŷǰռʲôơһսĻסŷһ
󷨡
һ֣ùŷܵۡΪԷڸԼһŹ϶һʮֳ֣ǹŷȴû뵽һ׵֡
еݵʱ򣬹ŷ̲סһƿ£ÿʱÿ̶ӡҪֲ
󷨣ȻֱӶȡ֮ĸֱִԼУǿǿΪԼĶ
ڰĻܹƽ롣
ŷڲ򣬵ȴûȫַţɵӣŷĽ˸ľ磬ֱԼ֣ŷв
Թŷֻǲ򣬽Լ·ķš


1712 ʥ
Ϸ⣬ֱӶȡ֮еӡûԼУǹŷδЩӡ֮ٴͷ˳
ڹŷδɳġ
һĻŵͷܹպ÷ִ磬󷨵ǰǲ뱻ɱĻþͲҪİӡ
һӡûʲôҪˣڶȡĵʱȻ֣ɱˡ
䡣
ŷϣϼ籡սȻڻƽϵϢԽԽ£տµʥϽӾ죬ڤããͬһƬǺһ
ڵǿߣȫǸܵϢȫ߳˹
Ƿﳤһ˾ϳ˹â
һɫأ̲ס˵Ϣֲ̫ˣȻһЩߣҲﲻ̶ֳȣ֮ǰҸܹﳤϵϢûǿ󡣡
˭ʿʡ
˳ĬǸܵϣޱȣƵޱߡ֮Ϊµǿߵġ
ȻǸ߽׻δ뿪֮ǰϢҲеٮٮߣڻкС
ǿɻǵãǸӣԳƹŷ硣һɻ˵
˻һ˵ͣˡ۾ɴһŵӣȴһָоֿܣǸŷĵӣǴ˵еǸ޵еĴڡ
ۣƺǵ˶
ܹʿûɵӣǾ˼㡣ǾۣһĴܹﳤϵĲı֮£ôݡ
֪Ǹŷ磬ۡ
۽ǹڣһΪʦϢǴȥ硣
ǹڣҲ¡
ô£𣿡г𾪣Ǹɽ壬ɫ֮дſȡ
ҿ벻֮ϣʥأҵȶоҪȻһĻߣѰ쵽ֻ۲ơ
һȺ˶̸ۣ²ŷݡȴһΪۡ
ֽŷ磬ǿֻ֮һ
䡣
֮УһֲͬϢһǿߣ磬ŹŷǸɫء
ڵĵȫȥǵǹڵĿߣȴǿ󣬴Ӹ߽׻뿪ʱĻһ죬Ѿ˻ľ硣дԣͻƣ߾硣
ڵ͵Ļһ֮кˡǻһͬµķﳤϣʵͬ
ڸܵŷϢֱӳ˳ԼţܵʲôϢĵطʱһ£Ȼһٻѯԭ
Ǹӽ˵Ĳ²˵˳ʱù¶ȵɫ
ŷ磬Ǹ˵еۣȻҿӣŵΪʦ˲֪ŵǳǹڵβ֪ŵʵԲھ֮ϣҪԵøĪ⡣
֪ˣǶȥɡڣôȫȥ
Ҳ˿ǹŷ磬ڱ˵ǲ⣬ͬΪѣҶԷһĿףⱾġ
ڱˣӦá
һۣЩ뿪Υ˼ȻǶǸǲǹŷ磬оǳ档
ѾˣȻҵ
ǸСɽУӡͣرȻŷĶ޾ԪȫûŷС
ֻһʱ䣬ڵȫˡ
ܵһ㣬˺Ȼ̲סЦٶȣֱˡһָоֻҪŷԸĻһЩʱ䣬ܹ綼ոɾ
Ȼĵ飬ûзʵϣȫʧʱ򣬹ŷֹͣա
ʥɢŷվŵһֵۣлʦ
лңҲúʲôʦ𣬵ƼɣʵĵҲ̫ףҾܹߵһ·ߣҺǿֻҪһ·ǰУʲôƿԼķƾУǵۣӦκζֹɵġ
ŷͷʾԼˡ
Ѿһ·һֱȥٵߵͬľ磬һ¡
һµ·ŷ֮Ϊʥ
ɻʣɵۣʥʥҲŷǾԲһϵۡ
뵽һˣʯ壬Ǹųʥ˵ĴڣҲͬһֵձΪʥˡǲ֪ʯʥˣŷʥǷһĶ


1713 ǵ
һ·ϣŷ粢ǶһˣѾһһ
ӻʯ壬Ҳߵ·͹ŷǲһʥˣʥ
Ҳбˣǹŷȴ֪
ƼۡһϹŷ˼ǹڵ
ڻ죬Ȼ͹ŷ񣬵ǿŷȴս⡣ȻνۣƷǳȤҪ͹ŷһս֤Լʵ
ƵѡŷͷûгƺΪȻŵΪԼʦǲǼˣԣڵڹŷ˵û̫塣
ȻҲһ㣬Ҳûκ
һ⣬˵ŹʵǿշҪдһ۲ߴͽ̡
Ŀ⾼սʮ㣬Źŷ磬һĨȣҪ͹ŷһս
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷҡͷ˵ĻԵɶţŹȴһȻĸо
޵УŷǴ̡ʿ֪ŷնɱ߾սʵ̫ˡ
Ϲڵƣһ㶼⡣ʵϹŷҪٴеĻƿ²ŻԾءŷ絽ǲۣȻĻôûš
ڣŷϲ۷ɣ޵еţۡ
֪Լ۵Ķ֣Ҫ֪֮Ĳ࣬Ƕ󡣡˵һĿȡ
ûԼܹսʤֻۣҪͨ۵ΪԼ
̫ԶˣԶԶҵĶ֡ŷҡͷǳ˵԰˵һʵ
ǿ󣬵ȴ޷ȣ֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
۴ͽ̡Ƽ֣һ㵣ĶûУŹŷ磬˵Ŀ
ŷҡͷȴǳˡ
ϣɱȥµڱֱָԷ
һִֻ֣ǺӲƣγɣȻ
ƣʵ̫ǿˡ䣬ȴȻϢҪ£ѹһУܹһ㡣
ƲͣˣŲԣδȫ͹ŷӴ㵲סˣԡѪ弴顣
ǹŷһɱƱ
ˡ
ƴ󺰵ֱ䣬֪Լ۵Ķ֣ȴû뵽֮ĲྐྵȻ˴
һ̣ŷ˻˷һۣҡҡͷ˵Ҷ˵㲻ҵĶ֡
ƿЦ̲סҡͷ˵һ㣬û뵽֮Ĳ࣬Ȼô󡣡
ɫ֮У΢΢Щ꣬Ȼ֮ʵ࣬Щ𾪡
޵У˵˵ѣûȻǿʵԳΪ׼ۻۡŵڡ
ղ֤֮ĶԾƸһ㷴ûУΪŷԭ򣬷ƻʧȥԲ˵Ļ߷ƣŷǿһΪԼԭ򣬻һΪ
߹󣬱ŵŷ磬ɫ̾
ƵͷЩ̾Ϣ˵ף㲻˵ˣҲ֪ڰοңȻҪǺŬҲһҪܹߵ̶ȣһ棬ҿġԵЩʧ䣬ǲǷǳܡ
󣬷Ŀ⾼Źŷ磬˵ۣȻ֪Ҳ׷㣬һŬģһٴ㷢ս
ӭŷЦ˵
ƹ֣Ȼ뿪
һ񡣡ҡҡͷŵЦ˵
ŷЦЦ˲ſɰûЩ߰˼
ŷĻŵͷȻҲֻΪΪǿȴûʲôĻ
ˣʺϳΪһߣǲʺϳΪһ֮ȻھԵʵѹ֮£ҲʲôܿƵġ
ɵʿ˵Ƶʵ޵еġ
ŷŵ׵˼۵ܶϵ⣬ŷŵԷսԲڼʶ棬ǳĲ
գŷͻȻ¶һĨɻɫ̲ס˵ôã㲻ǽˣ
΢΢һ㶣ŵ˵ͷ˵һ߾죬ڴս֮䣬һ˿鲻תΪһ
ŷһ𣬹Ȼġ
ʲôתŷʵɻġ
ֲһЩתͨʲôתģ
ŷһֱֲףһҲЩסԼǰȻһת֮ˣŷȻҪ
ֻŷõĴ𰸣ҲЩۣԷڣҲ֪
һתˣ֪ʲôתŷֱЩ˼顣Ҫ֪ŵɲǷˣһ߾죬תʱӦܹһЩܵġ


1714 ָ
ֻޱȣǸʱǿߣֻصֶΣֻصʲôȴû֪ŵڣɫ˵
ֻǿļˣܹһֻصܣ˶УȻǻ߾죬ǶתֻأȴһԶûУҿԱ֤ǾԲǶᣬһ֮ļ¡
ŷԷĻļ£˺ܶණ
ҶԷ˵Сֻأֻءֻأȫ棬ȻˣҲء
뵽ŷ뵽ԼڵֻƬֻƬʲôʵϵΪֹδ͸
ֻ̽أǴﵽЩϹĲȣȻĻû漰Ǹεʸһոճɾ͵λõǿߣǿ̽ȴصԼıչصĵط˶ëȻŵ˵
ŷ΢΢һģһȻոմﵽǸ磬Ҳ޵Уɨеۡս춯أɺŽδ
ˣȻˣȻֻдܣҲֻϱǸεǿߣܹ̽еһЩ
ˡŷͷԼΪ֮ǰԲǿǸⲻǵӣǶԼǸʵ̫ˣǿĵ𣬶䣬ʵȻǿվûдﵽǸ磬Ϊۡ
۸뿪ˡգŵڣŷ뿪
ŷ繰֣վõĶѾ˵ģԷȻ뿪ȻͲ˵κζ
ҵزŵԹŷдŷȻΥԷҽԺ
磬ŷһ̤뿪
ܶעطˣһ𣬸ܵϣʱף˾۹ŷ磬ֻµϢ
һЩʿĤݣһЩʿ飬ֱܵǸɽ棬׼ʦ˵һ۶ȥĵطܹѧϰˡȻҲ÷ﳤŵͻȹŷΪ޵УϺܿ£ֻŵ϶һ棬ùŷ翴أŰʦġ
Ȼֻһ㣬Ҳ㹻ˣ޵Уǵĵ֮Ϊµˡ
յӡ
ŵڣ˵һϢȻ˲Уٴ˵Ѿʦˡ
ŵĻ˶ĿɿڴŵֱڿһһǿۣʦţﳤϣеĶҪĶˡ
ڶԷյӣҲΣֻﰧ
ŵǸûһɫƽһûУδǰ
ŷ뿪ڣУѾʲôˣΪŵѾҵԼ·
ʥԼĵ˶ͬ
뿪磬㱻һסˡ
һӢΰӣòӣһ˫ӶڹŷϣһĨɱ⣬Ȼ
ŷ粻ǰǿǸˣɫƽ
ŵĵӣʵһ˫ڹŷϣɱ⡣
ŷ΢΢ͷԷж⣬Էʵĵˡ
һ죬ʵǿڷ֮ϣڶԷϣŷܵһϢǺŵһϢתֻصˣҲǽˣŵĵˡ
뵽ŵ˵Լһ߶죬Ǹ߶죬ܲǱˣǰһ
ҲǰˣʸŵԼս
ܺãŵĵӣˣסɱ˽档Ǹ˿ڣ˵Լ֡
棬һܿµ֣Ǹʱټͷʱ𲻳ŵǿˡ
˵һ·棬Ϊʱҫ۵ǡһ·˻߾죬һУȴ˫˫䡣
Ǳȴŵһ츣һɱ¾£Ȼ෴ˡ
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ˵δκθֻ߰һʵѡ
޵Уʱŷ˵Լ޵УȻǰϹЩٳ߸ͷһҲδĶ֡
ŷĻ̲סЦ˳һ˫ӳĶŹŷ磬Ц˵޾ЦһСȻҺ˵ҵָɱ㡣
ŷһĨаЦᵯָ˵𣿡
һ𣬺ڱϣֱӺɳȥڿѪȫˡ
ʲôⲻܣ㵽ʲôˣ溧Ȼܵشסǰһָ
ҽŷ硣ŷ縺ֶű棬˵


1715 ǰ͵
ۡ溧ȻȻỳɹŷݣ֮УӵʵˣҲֻеۡ
ǿʹתߡ
ŷûأΪŵĵˣŵʵԻɱԷһֱŶԷȻŵɱ˶ԷһȻˣŷȻҲɱ˵ľٶ
ԣŷŶԷ뿪
˹һۣͷȻ뿪
֮Уŵʧ֪ǰȥˡ
ŷѰʱữһ񼶵꣬һЩɺֵʱǻһӣһЩ׵ɡ
ʱ䣬ᳬһ꣬Ϊڵľ磬Ѿûʲôܹùŷһֱȥеˡ
ǿҲһЩתϼһŷͷ˽飬ȥ̽աҴ꣬ŷϵϢӵǿ󣬵ǵԼϢʱȴͬˣͿʲô
գŷ̤Ͻ硣
ǿ߾ۼأȻûκһŽ磬ܹͳжݣ硣
ŷ̽Ѱ˺ܶżݷӦ˺ʥԺ
߱ڱչأ˵ڳ߾硣ŷʥԺԺ棬ԷȻǰһ
ŷʱԺûһɫ
֪Ժ˵ŷ¶һĨȵɫ֪ԷôĲԼ߹޵УҪûǸҪ˭ҲỨľȥ۵١
ŷϵɻԺЦ˵ˣҲŲỨѾȥ٣ǸĴԣʲôǲͻƵ·
ŷһ£Ȼͷ·Ѿҵֻڲܶ˵ķ͵ڻһ¯ȥߴݼԼϡ
㡣ԺЦ˵Ȼݸŷһ塣
һ£ŷ粻֪ʲô˼
ǰʥԺǰ͵ԿףʥԺ߳Ĵ󲿷ǿߵĴжУȥ򡣡ԺЦ˵
ŷ̲סһ𣬼ʹڵ̬Ҳ̲ס¶ɫ
֪ʥԺ֮ǿƣ֪߳ǿߣǵЩܳˣʥԺ֮гɵԼĴУʥԺС
ֵ˵ӵвοԣڹŷ˵Ϊһ챦ļֵ
ʵϣ챦ȻǱϾԼĶΪҪĶ
ԣŷԵ
лңʥԺӣҼ㣬ֶ㿴˭ʥԺԺЦ
ŷ֮г⣬ʥԺӣǵۡȻʥԺ֮߳޾ǿߣǳΪ۵ˣȴǼٵģֻôһ𣬶ʱ䶼ǳԶˣôЩʥԺȻԻɣվеûˡһֱڣԪ֮⣬ûʲô̫ˡ
ʥԺǲǰˣԴӹŷΪ֮е˶֪ŷʥԺеĵӣҾ֮кܶˣܹɨһǿߣʥԺ
ʱʥԺ͵˼㡣
ʥԺ˵˲ǱˣԺ
ԹŷǰʥԺԺûκԥԿ׽˹ŷ磬ùŷȥЩԼͻơ
ҹŷʥԺΪĵӣҲʸ񣬲ǰ͵ĵ߳Լ·ʵϣŷɵ֮ͬҪһУһ㣬ʥԺԺδ߹ŷ硣
Ϊŷ粻һǵۣܹԼķױ˵õʱڹŷ˵һв
ŷݱʥԺԺǰ͵
ߣǿǰŷΪʵǿֻǴʱ֪ԼʱǶôĿЦ
˵ʵڻ죬ҲǽЩͻƵģѾܶˡùŷЩ⣬ϱһ֮ϵĵʣΪʲôûнߡ
ۡ
񣬴ʱǿǺ𾴡
ǵۣȻǹŷǰǶҪأΪϣˡ
󲻽ڵλϣҪʵ
ŷͷóԿףȻԿ׻һ⣬ֱǰ͵ŻϡŴ򿪣ŷ˽ȥ
Ŀռܴǰ飬ŷһ
Ԫ𡡣
ŷһһ㽫ӵ˵ϣŵˣһȻԪµĶ濴һۣ̲סЩһǿԪµĶ
ŷ罫УһӣʱԪǿݻԼĵͬʱ⣬ú˲


1716 
ŷɫأԪĵܴһ콾ĵǿ󣬶Һ֮ǰӴĵȫһˣһȻĸоӽԴ
ԪҲŷ翪ڣԪ
ǶԷոսΪʱģǸʱԪ粻ߣֵܹùŷ羪̾佱ɴ˿ɼԪôĽܳ
һ̣ŷߵһԱߡ
Ȼֱ
䡣۵ϢתȻǵ۵µĴС
ŷ羪ȣɫأʵڵĵ۵֮УĺƽЩһĴۣûʲôܳĴˡΨһһǿƵĴˣֻۣŷദô꣬Ȼûг˽۵ĵǹŷҲһ˽⡣
䣬ȸղŵԪҪǿƣ죬üĿϢأµ˼㡣
䡣
ŷԪ֮󣬵µӰֱӳ֣ŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷһֱӺͶԷսԹŷʵѹӰǹŷδǽԼʵѹƺͶԷһǿľ磬Ȼ
Ľŷս֣Ƿӳս൱Ȼһ¡
ŷ𾪣ͬ޵Уͬսʱ򣬸˵ѹж֣ǴʱȴԷһ൱һͱѹˡ
вŷɫأʩչԼֶΣͨɱȥõ䵹ˣ·硣
ʵ侹ȻڣĿ⾼Źŷ˵ͬսеܹѹң㻹ǵһʥԺֳ֮һ˲Ĵ
侹Ȼʶŷ΢΢ͷҽŷ磬ǵۡ
ǿǰӦԼݣǶԼĲء
ŷĻ΢΢һ£Ȼȵ˵û뵽ҾȻں͵ΪУұȥ֪ҲҪλģֻǲ֪ɹûС
δ֮нۡŷҡͷ
öԷʧˣȻĻ֪ܲʵʱΪĵţ֪֣δ˵䡣
ҵıʧˣ׳־ƣû뵽ջǳɿˣҾԼĹΪǿ֮һȴû뵽ԼȻԴˣսˣδɾϵλã۾ƺҿô꣬û뵽ȵ󣬾Ȼһجġ䵭˵ɫ֮˵ʧ仹ʲôġ
۾ŷƺ֮һ¶ŵɫ
ֱͣסˣûмսŷ綢ŵ䣬ʵԿ϶Լɵ֮󣬾ͽ۾ĻҿԸ㣬ɹˣǿڣͳۡ
ŷĻһ㶣¶ϲɫɹˣҾ֪ҵҪɵ˭ܹϵ𣬹Ϊǿۣҵ䣬£Ϊǿĵۡ
޷Գ֡ʵϣԼʶȵ޾£ΪıǵȵϢ
ʱգڵȵˡȻֻһ֣ǵԿ϶Ǹ۾Լһ㶼
лΪҴϢΪ˸лĴѶҽǿ㡣俪ڣĿ⾼Źŷ˵
ŷ絭Цҡͷǵۣս޵УѹһеС
аɡ
俪ڣϵɱ˹ȥ
ʵǿ׽£ָ޾磬֮䣬һУӵпµܡ
ĵԻȻûصҲ㹻ֲ
ŷ֣ͬʩչԼֶΣֻؾ춯أɱһС
ǼսݻԼĵŷףΪʲô˵ղŵĻΪսдԼĵӣŷָԽԽ
ﱻֵûµϢƵڴʱһг֣һȻȫ˹
飬ȫը飬Ȼǰ͵Уȥǿ֡Ǹ£ȫܿ¡
ȫʼսⶼµ˽ܣԼĴʱĴ棬ʩչԼµֶΡ
ŷ籾ֳͬЩ
ֻһ˲䣬ŷüѪϵȴ貶Ŀˣֵ۽壬Ȼŷ粻ͣ
һʢ磬ǶںʥԺǿ˵ȴһԽܵ顣Ѿܵˣǰ͵٣ǵĵ֮һ콾ĹؼһĻںʥԺ˵µĴ֮һ
ǳҪǰ͵


1717 ܴ
һжͽͣǰ͵⣬ȻסˣʥԺԺ챦·ĻԴơ
˶ЩۣʥԺԺҪ֪﷢ʲô顣
ʵϣ˽ǰ͵ҲֻʥԺԺȨǵʥԺԺЦŷ档
Ļ˶ЩԾŷ硣Ǹۣܹɱ߾Ŀ´ڣȻС
Ӧþģֻǲ֪ʲô
ϣǰ͵Ҫ£ȻĻǺԺˡһ߿ڣһڽڻʵľ磬Ϣǳǿ󣬵ǴʱȴһС
¹ۣһεĴˣʹŭҲ޷ʲôȵ
۲ûзִˣǷʲô⣬Ҫ۵ΪˣһġһǿߣҲͬ磬һʵˡ
ʵϣǵϽʮ콾֮һ죬δ̤Ǹ磬˺ʥԺΪʦ
Ϊͬ˵Ĺŷ磬Ƿǳˣһֿȵĸо
ʵϣʱˣкܶ𣬵ҲкܶȻˣܹ׶εģǼǿ
δأʵǿҲδʥԺСһĿŮӣڹŷк⡣
ʥԺԺһۣ˵׼˵
Ժһֱƫ̻ۣ֪飬ھȻ˵ˣԺ̫𣿡ǸŮʦЦ

ػǰ͵֮ǰǿȣǱԼʵϢѹǸŮӡ
ԺԹǻòͷԺǸһǳ⣬ǸŮʦһķߺޡ
ȴҷԺȻϣվһǳº͵ˣƽô࣬Ż˷ǰʵǿ߾Ͳһˣޱ飬µϣŮ
Ůʦʵǳܲסѹֻܵͷзߺޣ̫ˣԼе㲻ѣǾȻԴԼǳ⣬Ǹ
ɫЩ裬Ůʦһָоڳ˶ڳЦԼһԺǸ֮Ůʦֱƿ뿪
뿪ıӰԺҡҡͷһЩ̾ϢӡȻܹܵԷеԹޣʵϣѾǷǳݵˣֻŮʵǲִ֪硣
߲裬ԺһѾǲˡ
ԺҪôֻ࣬һŮ֮ѣûбҪǵȴ۳ְɡǸʦڣĿ֮ûκεģ쳣ڴŷĳ֡
Ժ˵ͷ߿֮Ҳ͵ɫ겻꣬ȺܶһǿˣȻһδкܴĻ߾硣
Ͼ߾磬ҲҪɾ;ܹɾ͵ģҪĴԵʹе޾¹ȥˣ̤Ǹ硣
ڣ߾ĺ󱲣˲ֹһ𣬵ȴδûл׷϶Է
оӣҪһʱ֮ĳɰܣ۶Ӯ۷ľ磬Ѹ˵ԼľӮҡ
ȻЩ֮Ϊǿľͷʱأοǡ
ǵ棬ȴŷĳ֡
ʱ򣬹ŷУѾΣյĵزֳЩ˽棬ѾΣյĵز
ʱеѵȻ
ںЩ˽ֵ֣һ˵ĻѾˣֿµѹԲһʿܹܵġ
Ȼŷ磬ҲıԵ
飬ȻۣڱѣǿѪʶֱ޸ܵ˺
Ȼѹٿ£ǹŷǱ޾һɫѪȫܵµĴˡֻȻܣͣŸֵȻ󽫶Էܣ֪һеķɱ
ŷһȻһ˳ȥ
űƿ˶ܵǽĿ˹ȥŷʱȫһ
˭û뵽ǿۣȻǱز嵽˺ۣüѪ˶Ҫһ
ʥԺԺеӦŷ״̬֮ʱ̲סһȻ󾪺ôˣôҲû뵽ŷ羹ȻǱزȾѪ·ˣҡҡ׹ʱҪιȥһ
Ҳɵۣ⵽Ƿʲô飿ǿͬôܷ飬⼫䲻е㲻š
ŷڵϣԼϸһ£ȻХһѪվ
ء
һëȻǲ꣬˶ըëˡ۵Ĳ꣬ʱˡ


1718 նɱĴ
ڹŷվ˶˿ǲҽӽ۵Ĳ꣬к۲ս
ȻԭأҲֻķݡ
ʥԺԺ˿ˣɫǣŹŷ磬ڳλǿ߶ܹŷ粢ĻָˣֻһֶΣԼʱع鵽۷״̬ҪԿꡣ
ֻҪȥһΣŷ㹻ʱָԼ塣
ﱻɵϢû˹ͲꡣĵӰĸλ߳ȫ͹ŷ糤һģһͷųµϢڹŷ硣
µɱ⣬ڹŷϡĻ߾죬϶ܲסǹŷȴɫƽ꣬ȻˣȻɡ
˵Ļɲ࣬һɱҵĻǿҪԶûлˡŷ翪ڣںڽ̸
Ȼɹ飬ǾãӦûʶΪⲻ顣
һ̣𾪵鷢ˣ꿪ڣŹŷ磬Ц˵һ
𾪣ǲôһ
ֻһȺצҲǰףŷЦȻ֣µƵָʥȣһȥ
ͬʱʥԺȫڷ⣬ͷųһǿĹĻסС
ŷ粢⣬ʥԺôʱ䣬ôǿߣûôǿػǲĲӦء
ȻںʥԺ֮УлǿءʵϣЩ˱Ӧ뿪ģ˵ʥԺĲˡ
Ͼϱһ棬ֵطĲ
Ǹأָ֣ͬڹ˸񱩵ɱ˺Ѳ죬Ͻ綼𶯡
ײһǸֱӷ˳ȥһֶֻѣȫ飬һ˫ӶŹŷ磬˲š
ôܣ㾹Ȼǿ̲סЩš
ŷ粻˵ʵϵںϣǿǱʿܹ뵽ġŷ糤ХѪһγ֣ɱԷ
Ҳ֣ŷսҪסŷһ
ŷֱǶһƣѪΪȷʵܵ˺Լʹʱս۷״̬ǻһײ֮󣬻ܵ˲ơ
Ȼˣŷһ˳֣ѹꡣ
˶ȻһʲôӵսĿ˵޵ˡ
ս߾졣ʥԺԺڣ˵Ϣ˶Ƿ㶣һѹĴ߾죬ŷս
Щ𾪵ʦһۣʥԺԺҡͷ˵սһ޵УԶֹЩ۳֣ЩԽа۵Ļ۷ǿߣȻĻһ߾죬ȫԵס۵һ˲䱻ɱ
˵ͷܲ۵ƣʵϹŷȻԽһĻ߾죬վۡ
Ĵȫķɣŭ𣬵ȴһ취ûУסŷĹȻŷҲѪվǱǿơ
ûˣȫΧԵ쳣η
ŷǼսһѹĴꡣѪŲԣܵ˺ĺأǹȻƥɨĴǿߡ
ֻء
ŷȣֻظָ䣬һȥ
Էŭǿһ̣Ǹ걬飬һ߾Ĳ걻ɱ˶סˣ۵ϣµ˼㣬߾춼Ƕ֡
ɱһ꣬ŷѪķѵءŭɱ첻ˡ
һ̣ŷ罣ն˳ȥһɱ
һ䣬𣬳ɢ
翴һĻˣȫڸ֪ʿԵ͹˹ŷ磬ʵȫǵ
սƥȫеĿ߾죬Ѿ׳Խˡ
ʣ֣Ҫŷ硣
ϲġ
ŷЦʥⴹ䣬ϵѪһѽɫѪֱɱǹŷѪ£ӵпԣնԷ
ҪܣǹŷȴȫǣǸ޷ܡ
ۡ
Ǳɱ
ĹϢʧĸ껯飬ȫɱ޵У̫ˡ
ѾشˣǹŷȴȻնɱ߾죬սʹۣҲԶˡ
ҪȥڴʱŷͻȻ۾ŭ޳ܡ
һֻƵ֣ŷ¡
Ϣ˵˼㣬ϣۼǿߣȴʱ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ԴͷѾӡˣ۷ʱ޷ɱңҲûŷЦƹȥȻһʥӡ


1719 ˴
ߵʥʩչʥӡʥֿµϢѹһСڹŷϣһһǿ˳ԴĴȻںһ
ʥԺԺ̲סɴ۾ЩǿߣʥԺ֮߳ǿߣȻʱٳ֣һΧŹŷ磬ǳһ
ǼµһĻŷ糬ʥվ룬ƿЩ
ʥӡ£ֻײһ
ŷѪɳȥȾѪȴЦԷıܾõһȻδɱұסˡ
ŷ翴ˣֻѪѪģȻҲġ
ˡŷ粻м
ֱֻ˹ȣޱȡ
ŷֱʩչʥӡԷսǿԼѪ޾ֻ֡
ɫѪȫڷ⣬ϳһµ󷨣ɱǸ֡
ֿ£˺һУֱӽжȫٵˡ󷨱飬סֵĺɱŷٴαķɡ
ǿµһĻ۲޵еģȻˡ
䡣
ŷ֣һ֣ȫʩչʥӡԼͨޱȣԺɱһ
ߵӣӵпµܡ
ֻҲ⣬Լ֮һ縡֣棬ֻһ𾳽Ĵ磬ɱŷ硣
ŷһʱδ֣һ˳ȥ
ĿˣǸУ޾飬оȻоѪ¶ŭɫԷƿһ磬ȻɱùŷͶȫ֡
ʱ򣬹ŷƸˡ
쵰Ҽ޳ܵĶŷŭɱȻֻ֡
ʥԺԺǶĿɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼᷢ飬ǿɱŷ硣
һȹŷͶ޷֡
޾һмЦڳŷĻ
ŷҲЦһֱ̣ӳ֡һ֣ɱֻ֡ǿأʥȣûһС
Ǹڵһʱ飬ȫɱŷĹϳ˵ϣֻԥһ£ֱӳ֣ɱԷ
һ֣ȫʩչʥӡﱻ޾ʥûֱֻ飬ʧ
ŷЦһȻ˾ȵУֱӵ˵ϡ
ŷ硣
ۡ
˾ȫΧ£ȥŷ籧
û£ֻĵ̫ˡʥԺԺܵһ¹ŷе״̬ʱһ
ŷû£ȫһǰ͵ٵˣǹŷǧܳ¡ʵϣǹŷΪ֮ԿӦĲָԭļֵ
һ۵˻ɡ
ԹŷԸ񣬾Իڵû˵ǰ͵ˡ
ԺŷߣԼסϳһƿȻЩ۵ĵһҩŽ˹ŷĿС
Լ񵤣Ȼ߼䶼ҪصģǴʱȴһĶûˣùŷá
ŷȻû£Լڵ޸ƵĻ֪ʲôʱܹһмʲô飬ǸµĴٴγ֣ʥԺס
ʥԺ֮챦챦ܲܵסǸǿߣԺûеҪģùŷ羡Ļָ
ҩڼ޴ŷС
ŷһһֱ̣Ȼ˫ֽӡԼϲͣĴЩԼеĵط
һ̣巢⣬˿ʼ籡ϼ
޸ܿʱ䣬۾
ҩŷ̲ס̾Ϊҽɣҽͨǿ˼㣬Ȼ֪Լʱ״̬ǳĺҩ֮󣬲е״̬
ҩʮ㣬Ȼһ߼ˣԴܹȻ
ڹŷϵƣȻԵЧֻôһᣬָ˴롣ʱʱ䣬ŷȫָ˵״ָ̬Ϊ۷״̬
磬һɫƮһ̣һɫƣֱӵͷ뿪ӦϢʥԺԺ˲Լͷϵ亹ղžȻвˣҺøղ±ˣҩι˹ŷ磬ȻĻ¹ŷҪùˡǺʥԺδʲô³
Щ쵰ȻŷЦվһ˫ɷʮ㣬뿪ķɱʮ㡣
ҺˡʥԺԺһԴϵ亹Щŵ˵
ıŵˣղĸ߾죬˭֪һλʲôӵĴڣһεЩһ
ʹһԣҪɱҲףûʲôõĵģʲôƨ꣬ûбҷСŷЦ


1720 Ů
ǹŷİУȻԣҲܹɱԷš
ʥԺԺ˹ŷһۣ̲סҡͷ̾ԽԽһˡ޵УǣԼʲôʱ򣬶ʤ
۵ԺأǸٹ⡣ŷЦ˵
ŷĻʥԺԺЦЦͷ⵹ҲǣԺᵽһ޵е۵ʱ򣬻뵽ʥԺʥԺԺһ붼֪ˡ
ȷʵһϵҫʵϣʥԺۣ֮߳ÿһεԺǼԻͣĽȫ̲ס̾
ŷ̲ס¶һĨЦݣʵԺҲһǿߣгĿܣһ߲һǺ֪һ
Ȼŷ֪ԺԼ̬ܹ̬زȻԺ̬Ϊûкôġ
Ҽǵǰ͵ٵˡŷ뵽һ飬ЩΡ
˹ŷһۣԺɫ벹
ǲɵĶǰ͵ǺʥԺһ̣ٵˣԺ˽ܵʱ򣬻ǳ鷳
û˺ǿߣǺʥԺĻԻͣʧ
ʥԺԺԲ飬ʥԺԼС
ףһʱ䣬ҽһ֮һᴴһ·Ȼдɾ飬ǰ͵ŷ˵
ŷĻԺݣǿ۵ĵŷܹߵһԲʵ⣬ߵ·ǳǿ
Լ򣬷ǰ͵ǾԿǰǿߴС
Ϊǹŷ߾֮ЩǰͶģͬն
У棬Щ˵ĵҲǵĵҿдؽǰ͵ŷ翪ڣ˵һϢ
Ժ𾪣ŷ羹ȻִȫˡҪ֪ܹǰͣÿһʱʥԺǿĴġʥԺԺδС
һЩ˵ĵǹŷµģֱƱ̬һ¶񾭴ˡ
Ǳ̬Ժ̲ס˵Ļ
ŷͷЦǺ⡣̬˵ʵȷʵ̫һЩ
ʥԺԺֱ飬ŷüķ⣬ЩӡУһʱӡ
ʥԺԺŷڿһˣ΢΢ҡͷȻֱӲȥŷ磬˵Ǽֱһĥ
Щ飬ȫǰ͵ؽ˶һ
ܶ˾̾ŷһ֣ǾǷ
һУŷ뿪
ûŷ磬۵ľɸġֻŷ粻֪ǣ뿪֣֮߱΢΢Щʧ֮ϣ¶һĨɬЦݡ
սʱδȥŷˣҲûѯʣãҪ¸һ㡣ʥԺԺüԼ˵
߱Ц̾Ϣһ˵϶Ѿˣ֮ǿˣǰһǸʱǵʱ򡣡
˵ĻҲֵˡ¶һĨЦʥԺԺ˵
ʱúܷ쳣ǿơ
߱治û˵ǸˣҲǾԼ䲻ѾԼȴˡ
ԸĽȻǲм֤ԼļУһ㲻мûˣһ붼˾
ŷδǲ֪ǶŲʵΪԼܹĸֻ֪û˵ȻҲǲΣҪʹսĻȥҹŷɡʥԺԺҡͷ˵
߱ĬȻתʧ
ӣʥԺԺ̾Ϣ
ǲ֪ǣںԶһɽ֮ϣŷҲ̾ϢѾ֪﷢ģȴûнҴ
ŷ緢֣ս֮߱澹ȻԸˡȻ߱Ľᣬŷ粻ԷΣȵ߱Լͨʱҹŷ硣
΢΢ҡͷԶȥ
ŷĿ꣬Ҫģڵʵ㹻ҪȥһǸʬ壬˳㿴һ¹ĸ׵ôˣѾָˣŷ㽫Է
ڴʱߵᴩأŷ߷˹
ǵһµħ׷ߵ磬ħأȻһħʵС
ħϣѪƣѪͷ­ĸֱۣͬҹһ㡣
ʱħЦǰߵ磬ɱȻ
ǡŷ¶ȵɫϳǰߵ
ɽеŮӰˣû뵽ȻϽСԵЩϴۣŷ߷


1721 Ҫ
ŷ΢΢üͷԺԥնɱ죬ǶŮȴһϧԸо⼸˶ǻˣǵ
ȻҪԼǶܵĹƻ
ԷʱȴôǱùŷе㿴ȥ
΢΢̾Ϣһһ̤Ǹħǰ档
㲻Ҫ̫ˣǡŷ翪ڣҪ¼ˡ
Ůȫֹͣ˲תŷʱɫӡм֮УһĨߺޣ˵ʲôζ
Ǹħһ£Ȼ¶һĨЦʲôҲҹҵ飬ҹ
ɫ֮У˲ͷһӡ
µɱ⣬ħϱ⾹ȻһڻʵǿߡˣϲʣԺС
˵ˣǣԺҲ׼ǵ鷳ⲻŷ絭˵ɫһִϣħһ
Ǹħ̲סЦ˳Źŷ磬˵㲻ҲֻһڻʵʿѣȻֿ˵֮УʿûмħһĶ֡
ħţ˵Լ
ħһ壬ŷһѾ뵽һ˵һǿĻħɾͻ֮µѪϽУȻеڣѪѾˣȻǿͬ޵еĳƺ
壬ǿȻһЩŽ磬Ըǡ
ǹŷ޾壬ǵۣκˡ
ħһ壬ҲûзУĻǾɡŷ絭˵֮Уһƿزİ
ŷĻǸħһǿߣ̲סЦŷ񣬼ֱڿһɵһ
ҼģǿزˣټҲ˭뿪ȻħȻ˵Źŷ磬ǿϡ֮ͬУ޾κˣǿɱϱ쳣ˡ
һɱ˾Բ٣һ
ŷҡͷȻǾͻɡ
뵽һֻѹȥֻֻ󣬿ޱȣҪһС
ħޱȣȻܵŷϢǳǿƣԼܹŷ磬ܹŷܡ
ŷĹײһʱħ¶ֵɫƭҡ
ϻʶˣĺڰ֮С
һڻʵħѣǹŷĶ֣ɱ
ŷתŮˣ̬ȣǴʱЩǵϣǸһ
ʿ֮Уɫ鲻ɫΪߵŮӣ߸Ȼ˵졣
֮УûпɽǼΣյġ˵ΪͣĳЩǿ˵ʵ̫һ㡣
һڻʵǿ׷ǱǲϾʹΪߣԽڻʵǿߣһԣҲӵúܴݰɡ
λþòŷ翪ڣǴк
ŮŹŷ磬˵ʲôɫùŷеΡҲףԼʦˣնɱĸǣԼָɱ졣Ůһŷ磬ϲЦտǲĲء
ʹԼڽǾˣҲһԷУ뻹ǺܷߺޣԼ쳣ӡ
֪λп϶ң飬Ҳûа취ʼԪȽɽȦͻƣɱͻƵˣǷҲûа취飬Ӧãĸȷʵеԩˣվ棬Ľעġŷ˵飬һ㶼ڣȻŮȻ˵
ͬνĶԴҲͬŷ粻ΪԼǾԵĶԣҲԲаΪԼˡ
Ů˵ֻ˫һֱŹŷ磬˵ʲô
λɫ˫֮п϶кܶΣգĻȥݾסɣﲻᷢ飬߻صɽ磬ԶΪˣԻչ˺λġŷ繰֣׼뿪
λԼϾǵĳˣ涼оΡ
Ůʲôû˵ֻվŷ뿪ʱǾȻ
ߵһɽ֮ϣŷЦŮЩʵλҪʲô
Ҫ㡣Ůڣ˵Ļ
ŷһ㶣Ȼû뵽ԷȻ˵ĻԼҪʲôҪ֪Լǵĳ˰
ŮɫᶨŷͷˣЩ
Ϊʲôŷ̲סʵһͷ۵ӣʵǲ֪⼸Ů˵һЩʲô


1722 ߸Ů
ŮֻǶŹŷ磬ֻڵ˵ͬⲻͬ⡣
ŷתߵĳ嶯ⶼʲô°Լǵĳˣ˾ȻҪԼòҪŻɣ
ֻ߸Ů˵ΪȻߣҲɱŷ硣ʹŷ粻ʩչκͽˣǵʵʹơ
ǲ˵ĻҾ뿪ˡŷɫһ˵
ŷĻŮֱӸһ뿪
ģŮҲ׷ġ
ŷеջʲô˼ֺգֱһѽ߸Ů˶ץסȻǰ
һֻס˺Ů°ͣŷһɫԵӣ˵ôƯСҪΪҵŮˣһǳζ
ŷĻͫһȻŬװƽվЩˡ
Ů࣬ʲôʱ飬ɫţڲĲȻŷĻŵˡ
뵽ʲôһһҧֱֱĶŹŷ磬һξժӡ
ɫŷɻˣʹҪԼҲһаɡ΢΢һȤҪŮߣǵҪʲô
ſӵ°ͣŷ絭˵ȻҪңǾҵŮɣû˿źңǿԲͬ⣬ǾͲҪˣҲӦҪ˦ǾԸ
ŷĻŮ΢΢ĬǶһۣȫͷ
ͬŷ˵һȻǿиŹŷ磬ǹŷҪ뿪ĻԷԸϡ
˵ʵȻǺ͹ŷ̫Զˡ
ͬ⣬ŷһĨаЦ˵ˣҪźңҪҵůѾͷһһˣǧҪˡ
ŮһĨΣȻٵҲ֪ůѾͷʲôŮʵǲܾܾ˵һЩҪġ
뵽Լʥ壬ҲҪǰۣǾзɫӵ˼㡣
ǵɫ۵ףŷϵЦݸӲˡ߸ŮˣҪײҪ
ǽģȻͬǰһǿޣУŷŮ֮С⣬ɢϣȫڵϣ˿
ǰȫһǰŷУǿޣǸɵԷҲֻܱܿһ·ֱУûʲô޸
ɱһŭ
ħȣŷ߳һǳǿƵĻߣħʱ˹ŷǣȻ˹
ͷ­ֱۣȻħһǿߡ
ħ쳣ǿƣޱȣµڹŷ˵ϣҪһ㡣
Ůȫ¶ܵɫǻߵϢ˵ʵ̫ǿˣͶס
΢΢üͷŷһ䣬סЩϢ
һҲǰۡħߴԶ²磬ħޣϢƺƵɫг˲м
ȻϹŷʵΪŷ粻ˡ
Ҳֻһ죬Ҳǰۡŷҡͷ˵ͬĻȴöԷһĸо
ϾŷֻһħһʣеĲ࣬ʵ̫ˡһ˵ǻһĶ֣οħ߻ǻ졣
еĲ̫ˣתֻһЩħȴԼܹȻҲδܹսʤ졣
ܹɻʵˣͲ򵥡
ħߴŭĿɭȻڹŷЦ˵ҪɱȻˣǼСˣҪǳΪҵ檣ߴŮиˡ
˵ħ¶һ̰ӣǵĿˮһˡ
ŷ絰ۣôһȫĵСħֱħ
ûˡŷ˵
ŷԼĻ룬ħߴŭ˵ֻֻӶȫѹħ˸һһħûȫӵпµ˻¡
ħ¶һĨЦùŷˣŮ۾и¶¶ǵռ
ϲġ
ŷ絭һЦһȭ
ʥ죬ȣһС
ħߵЦʧˣܵвԷһȭ׻ٵ
˭ħ߲ʵĴ
屻ӲΪ֮Ĳ̫ˡ
ŷ硣
ħֻһ֣֪ԼĲԩǸ޵еۣԼȻ鷳ҵ˶ԷͷϣҲǸˡ


1723 Ѱħ
һʱɱǸħеϴڣڵǿߡǴʱȻˡ֮УħһߵʹޣħԱѾ֪ԼĻˡ
ʹޣڰԼĻߵȥ
ħ߱ɱħһ˵Ϊ޴Ĵȥкܶ˵ǣʱбΣա
뿪عءһǿߣڽڻʵľ磬ħһڵǿߡ
ħߵɳʵǿͬʱħһ֮гϡ
ôԣڻ֮Уǿƣûǵλãһǻع飬ֻбū۵ĽһԱͬ⣬˵ԼĹ۵㡣
ǸԱһۣɳ˵˭ҲΥȻãȻãվʧȥıӻ뿪˵ĻԻǿ߾쵽ȻɱʱǸ͵ס
ҲţȻû˻ߣеʵҲּǿ֣˭ܹǣǻлʱûȻǻˣҲһƴ֮ɣǸԸ뿪ǿ߿ڡ
ȥƴ𣿡ɳһ䡣
һ£Ǹħǿͨ죬˵ʵħһ壬߶ܹƴߵˣǱˣɳ
ɳԸ֣˭СԸղɳʣǸǿ˵Ƿǳ˵Լԣ룬վûпڣûһʵȴ˵ĻЦġ
ߣԸ뿪ˣԸ뿪ˣһ뿪ɳ˵ĿɨЩˣɳɫ֮дһĨв
뿪ֻɳȻʵܹڻļӳ֮£һЩʵǿߣȴƴֵá
ңĳԱأҲūͣɳһʵȻУҲһϵģһĵλ
Զǰأɳһ㶼ûвԸ⡣ã֮Լɳĸӿ١һΪߣȻУҲصĽɫ
˭߲ˡһһޱȵӳ֣˸һ£վ֮ϣħһ塣
ڡ
ɳɫأԥſ³һɫǹָڡȻڵĵɳǳɵ
ʵǿ󣬺ɨһڵʵҪ߾ˣһˣʵ̫ˡҪֵĻħߣδĶ֡
ֻħһȻҲǿδǹ壬ȴû뵽ʱȻһ٣ɱ絶
ħ߳ûпɳһۣ˵˸ŭɨħһ壬Ҫħ
ħһĳԱȫħߵģħߣո䣬ܹ
ѾɱɳڣûһĵӣȻǸĸס
ħһ壬˽Ȼסһ𣬵ÿ˶ԼС˼Ȼ֮䣬һʲô顣
һ£¶һĨЦƭذɣģܹɱǸһħ߲Ҫͷڹ꣬ȻĻħ塣
ɳɫѿаѾħߣȻһ鷳ħȻܹġǴӹ񣬶ǷǳǿƵһ壬ʵȫ֮£صʵ뻹ҪԽ塣
ħߵôˡɳ̲סʵ
Ҫ֪׷ʲô飬Ȼȥ
ɳĻЦһץһѵİ£ǰֱɱ˳˺ޣ졣
ǸڵֿѣȴɱõϢʱ򣬴˼죬ȻҪħߣΪԼĺѸ
˵ɡɳɫһ䡣
ҵֿѣӣµãħȫµɱڵϱħĳԱڲ
̫ǿˣȻǵĻʵϣǶֲܲϢ
ɳΣ֪ǲˣѪһɳǹָڣѾˣԸžţԸŵĻǰһսҵħȻСȴ㡣
µɳֻ˵ΪԷɱᶨԼǲܳˣնԷĻᷢйħϣ֮£Ȼٶķϻģûõġ
Ǹһ˵Ĳħȷʵɱˡһ𣬶ʱ˵ע⡣


1724 ޳
˳֣˶һ㶡һȽͨӣȴ߸Ůȣòһָ߹Ϣӣǹ
Ǵʱ߸ǹŮӣȴһӵһȺŮһ˾ȡ
ħԱ߸Ůӵ֮дһĨȣռ壬ɫûκ
ɳӦĺܿ죬Ȼ֪ʲôͷǸҴôŮҡеˣԲƽʵԾˡ
Щɳһ㶼ģĵǶԷ˵Ǿ仰
ħѾˣһϢ֤ʵҲţȻԼ˳֡
뵽ɳֵλѣ֪մ֪Ѿģ֤һ£š
ֻҪˣҲΪħߵھͲԼ˵鷳ģ뵽ɳ˷ܡ
֤ˣšڵ˵
Ŀⶢӵϣ¶һĨЦݣ֣þò֪ľɺã¶ڴɫҪ֪ľϢ
ǹŷ磬ЦãΪԷԼһɺãû뵽ڻһתֱʵľ㡣
ȿȣһΪҪʺءŷûлش𣬶ЩŲ˵
һ죬ȻҲʶԼʻĲףҪ֪ľϢȻеȲ
ǸֻǹҷǳʱڣԾ˵ֲҪ֡Щ˵ĽͣԼš
Ȼŷ̲סЦԼֻ𣿡
̲סЦŷ绹һӶҡͷ˵š
ʱɳģҲȫ˲ǰԼ֮Ĺϵǳá
һǾ͸ܵµѹˣټһڵĺѣһľΣˡ
Ҫ֪ѣǳǿرǰ꣬ôһһˡ
ԩͷծȻħѾˣ뿪ˡɳ˵Ҫ˶뿪Ȼδ֣վɳľҪǿ뿪
ŷŽĿתƵɳϣ¶һĨЦݣ˵ѵͲ֪ħô𣿡
ɳҡͷһԴǵӣ˵֪ħˣ๼˭ɱ츣ʵǸӢ۳֣Ҳˣƴһࡣ
ɳһߵӣŷڶЩˡ
޳ܵģ޳ܵزˣټڸ̲ס˵ɳҼǵòĻħӦĸײŶԡ
ʲôףһ࣬ˡɳһȻӣǿڹŷǵУȴе¡
һʲô˼ǿúףͨĻùŷΪɳҵģȻŹ
Ǻǣ޳ܣʵħǱһɱģ֮ǰһڻʵʿҵǲʶǶһ޳ܵ˼㡣ŷ絭˵
¶һȻ˵ӣʵϿŷ߸ŮѾ³ˡ
֮Уܹնɱħߵ˲࣬ɹŷȻ顣
ħʿȫɫ䣬ɭȻĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ҪɱңǻеѪԣְɣֻҪɱң֮Уûм˸鷳ġŷЦ˵
ŷĻ¶һĨмɫħҪܹ˺ŷ磬ǲаأۣɻɱ߾죬ʵ̫ˡ
ڲ֪ŷʥԺ֮Уֱӻɱĸ߾Ĳֻ꣬µĴ֣ʥʵѾﵽһŵĵز߾죬ָ˽ܻߴɾ͵ǸǿߣȻвŷ硣
㵽˭ɳɫ䣬ŷ˵̫ˣɱ֮Уû˸ħһ鷳ʲôӵĴڣš
Ǿۡڴʱӿڣ˵ŷݡ
ɳ˱ɫۣǲǹŷôҪħ鷳һ֣նɱħߡ
ǲҵۡɳֱӹڵϣɪɪ
ڣһսԹŷ磬ɳֱʧȥ۵޵Уնɱ߾սȻħһȫѹȥҲܺۡ
ȫΪ
Ѿˣ֪һ֮ҾѾҪĨɱǡŷ絭˵
ۺαôأɳɫɬ
Ϊסŷ˵


1725 
ǹŷֵɣĵˣΪʹ޵ı˵ħһ壬˵е
ȺӦñҶԷ֮е飬ֻǻħµѪԹŷûʲôϧģֱӳ֡
ս
ɳŭʱķӦĲ˼飬гǹһ𣬱ŷ綴ȥ
һ߾ǿľˣڳֵĻȻܹԷҪѲСֶΡ
ڹŷУǿĻȴֱӱˡ
ŷһָͷ£ֱӽħһȫС
һ֮£жȫ飬ħһȫγһӣס
ɣҪ˵ʲôȴʲô˵
̫ˣһ֮һǿ壬ʵƺ
ˡŷ翪ڣϴЦݡ
ûһһ·֪ɱ˶ǿߣڹŷ˵ֻҪΪˣն֮һûС
۲Լ̫ײ𣿡ͻȻӿڣһ˫ӶŹŷ磬̺سޡ
΢΢ҡͷŷ˵Ϊ֮ˣɱеֱһ֮Уδɱʲôˡ
ȻɨŮɫ֮ûһ㲻Ρ
ŷʲôоԼʦˣɱǣǹŷʲôʱ򣬶ֱ׳
ףŮǶܲһۣڵһĨȣ⼸ŮҲʵ̫Ưһɡ
ľȣӼˣ˿ѷɫ
ڹŷ޸֮У˵˲֪ȻˣʱҲ̲סһĽĸо
ȿȣû£Ҫƽʱûˣе㲻µġŷҡͷһ˹ȥ
ʵһʼף˸ԼŮȴԲôʵģ϶żһЩʲô״ŷҲ⣬ӦŮ棬Ѿ뵽ֿܡ
ߡ
Ůһû˵
Ҳ˼֮οп϶ʲô顣΢΢ͷûж٣ֻŷ˵֣þòҸطѾԻΣ
ŷ緢룬Ȼ֮ǰѣǹŷվΪˣڲ֪֮䣬Ҳһ̽ǹŷܾҲʶȤԹŷԾӡȻǹŷͬĻʾȻΪۣǻǽڵѡ
ʹҲ˽ܣǱ۵ѣǷǳ˵ġ
á
ŷûһԥӦĺʹ졣
ڴЦ˹һ㶼ûۺӣ뿪Ǹ򸽽һĳǳء
ĵطһǿߣзڳǽ֮ϣӱ䣬ųǿߡ
ܶսսǲˣǱȺʿֻΪ˽һЩõĶ
壬ЩʿǷĵľ¡
ڴʱһʿע⡣ǾŸŮ˲УһòȻͨȴһֳʣԵñһЩӢӣҪĶࡣ
һӣ̶ֵɣ˼㣬ȻԼϢҲȲһϣз
䲻ˣҪǣ󣬺ȻϣɫŮӣһľɫҫ飬Ǵʱȴ˵Ůһ㡣
һЩΪȽϸߵʿ֣߸ŮˣȻȫǿߡųʵ̫ˣ𾪡
һ·˶Ծÿ·Сܶʿ·֮һֲ˼ĸоƽʱ£Ű裬ʲôʱõ飬ͷԡ
һһ죬ǿ󣬸ܵԼĲ֮󣬱Ҫȥҹŷǵ鷳һס
ߵһѣȴһס
ʲôңǸ첻
ǸҡͷǲҪҲԷݣҪȥ£С𡣡
˵ʲôʵȻǿ󣬵ҲôܻᱻɱǸ첻š
аգԽڻʵǿߵʱԼҲܹڵһʱ֮ߣǻԳ֣ȻĻɱ
ѵ֪ǸӢӵݣͬˣǷףҪȥĻҲ㣬Ͷ̥ǸЩ˵
һݣʿ̲סʵ˭֪Լѣƽʱ˵һаյ˵ĳЩһᷢ
ǸͨҲʶǸӢӣڡ
ʿ̲סһԴðһĨ亹һıŵˡ


1726 ħ
ڣ޵֮ˣʵǿĵУټܶһǿߣԣ˵ԼڵĶ֡
һԴϵ亹ǸԼ֮ͬг˸мղĻԼҪǵˡ
ǸˣӦøӿֲŮ˹ɫ㣬뵽һˡǸٴ˵
˭̲סʵ
ۣ֮УֻߣŻ˶ľˡ
ʱȫˣ˶𾪵ˣǸۣ𣿾ȻС
Ҳȫ϶Ϊ۵֮УûļŮˣûʲôŮǳ֮⣬ʵ벻֮䣬˭ͣľŮӸ档
ʿɻҲڲ²⣬ǾãǸ˶ۣĻ޸
û˸ǰѯʣ۸߹ޱȣǸ˲ۣ㣬ҲԲ
绨ѩĸ¥ȫˣҲƣȾưɡ˵
֪ŷ֮оԹȴ⣬ԹŷڵƣȻǿƣҲֻ
á
ŷͷһǰС
ߴŮ棬ǽ绨ѩ¥ΪȻ˷¥
˺ܶ࣬⣬΢΢üͻȻһԼԴЦ˵ҾȻˣһˣʿ۵˳ѡһ绨ѩ¥Ѿˡ
ȥĵطɡŷ˵˵ƵĵطﶼԣһҪѡط
ҡͷЦ˵ãƲ𴦣ҵˣȻƷɾƿãҲûбҪȥĵطλã˵ʵǵʵҪܹ
ڵĻŮһƲ죬ֹǿ
ɫһЦſŮһۣȻüͷ˵λɲʲôǿ˼ҶأҪѡǿˣΪԼķ
ҪӲм˵
̲סҡͷԼʵûа취ӽ
ˣҪЩСѾͷһʶ̫ˣʲô˵ʲôЩֵܲҪϡŷЦ˵
ڵͷȴд֣ôо⼸Ůӣ㶼ɱ⡣
ɱǸĸĳ֮һŷͬ
ֻ˹ŷĽ֮Ӷɳˣֲ߸Ů˿ŷʱ򣬶ŵɱ⣬Ȼһԭ
ֻܹ͡ԼĴĴָ͹ŷ
Լɱ˼ҸĸüŮߣ̫ˡ
ŷ絭һЦû˵ɨŮһۣڣߴ߹ȥѾһЩȫһЩǳǿƵǿߡ
Ŀ磬ں͹ŷ֮󣬶ʱм˵ɫˡ
һɫеǿߣڣĿ¶һĨս⡣
һۣڵ˵ħڲսʲô飬һ֮
ȻʶԷҿĳ֮ĹϵǺǢ
ħħͬҲһˣ֮УǺպģһ˶ռһӣҲû˸˵ʲôȻηħơ
սħЦЩŭ
ŷ翴˺ħһۣһǹ°ĳħսȻǿ󣬵Ǻȣ˲١
ʱ֮һĻʵɨˡ
һ룬ŷиһսףֱӵݸڣ˵⡣
µĻϢǻսף쳣ǿĲ
ħɫڣŭĶŹŷ磬ҪһͲڵĶ֣ڹŷֽһս׸ڣҪһսˣĿսĻпܱɱ
ӵлսףڿ޼ɵʩչֶΣħ϶ֻбߵĽ
ŭŹŷ磬ɭȻɱ⣺ڲһֱ㣬ʱĩ·
Ȼ·磬ħŭˣֱвŷ磬Ҫɱ
ڵǳ˳飬һЦ˳˹ŷһۣŷɫƽûħĻһһ˵ħҿλˣԹˡ
ʲôħɴ۾ΪԼˡ
󿴵Ǳĵ񣬺ħ֪Լûɫ죬˽ɫһ˫ӶڣŴֲɱɢܡ
˿Ȼɫͨ죬ȻһŵˣΪҲǲһġ


1727 
ħǿ󣬿ֻ֪ڱȺħǿһ˫Ӷںħϣɱʮ㡣
֪ħѡһսҪд鷳ᱻɱ䡣ΪڱͱȺħǿڻлսףܹȵˡ
̫ħɫѿ˼㡣
ڵһЦ˵۸ľ㡣
˵Ļȴ˵ķǳˬûôħһʵȻȴѰʱܶʱ²̨
һΣΪŷԭ򣬺ħˣ²̨Լ
һսп䣬һսĻӶˡ
ԥ֪ô죿
ɣҪҳ֣ڽɱˣҲֻǰһĨЦڲм˵
ħһ䣬ɫ࣬վλֱվȻ뿪
㣬߿ָһˣЩС˵־ĸоǴҶܹ⣬ԵˣֻҪռƣûʲôÿġ
ǸǺħ׷ߣȻҲռһӣʵÿһӶǳ󣬿ݵºܶˡ
ֻħ̫ԵˣԲռӣȻȴǸŭԡ
ڼħǳԱЩȻܸˣ￴Ц
ħ̫ˣûʲôѣڳҲûκħġҹŷͳһսףסˣ˭ҲûмţˣսǲҪǮһֱ˦˳ȥ
һˣڲ֪ʱ˭Ҳҵ
ħʹ뿪˺ǿƣӣǿ˹ŷһۣ֮ǿµɱ⡣
С󡣡ŷ絭˵ҵһŮȫŹŷ
ɫ䣬ÿһǾŮȻûһЦݣһۼĻһ
ܶ˶ĿЩʣӵ߸ˣﾺȻеˡ
ŷʵҲ֪ŷǸղһĻǱ֪˲áȻҲЩ˲ڣûбҪʱȴһǿˡ
ƣŷڶӦһ㶼Χ˵ȫΧЩʿ
һĻЩʿüüͷչˡе㿴ˣδΪ׶ֻΪ˺Ⱦơ
пܵǣǱȾƵģȴ顣
Ů˵Ŀ⿴Щŭ¶һ˿߿ǱͥʲôʱܹĶţ˵һ¡
Ҫʱ򣬹ŷͻȻƱһšʱнŮǿߣһ˼£һ˵ϡ
ɫ죬еѩףŹŷ磬¶ŵɫ
ֻ⽫һӷܣ֪ԼСˣµģԶԶԽڡ
ħͫʱͻȻԼҿûзһս˵ܲսʤڣǰˣһԲսʤĸ֡
뵽һʵ
ЩĿ⣬Ҳҿ˭ҲµǿߡܶɫأͻȻʶ˲μ׵Ļ˭ܹסǸҪġ
һΣľҪ֮УѡһǱʵǿӡ
һˣȻŷ統谭
ܵЩ뷨ŷеһЦ⣬ơ
ֳգЩأֻйŷ˶˵´΢ա
Ů߸һͺŮߣƶǹŷԼġ
ʱһһĹȥڱӦ÷ǳֵĳ֮£Ȼһ˵ûС
ֱһŮӵĳ֣һɫȹ˸һִĸоһϲգ˲
ȵ˹ܶʿ۾δƿһ£סˡ
ʹŷ翴һۣҲ̲סͷĿ˵һǵļ˼£Ҳ˼¡ûһޣˮһ
ߵ˷绨ѩҹĸ¥м䣬룬ɨһȺۣ¶һǵЦݣ˵СŮĺѩλѡ
֣ͬʯ֮ײ죬ܹ˵ڼ١
ܶʿ¶ԵɫħһĺѩһԵӡ
ǵӣŷаҡͷֵôܻһŮ˵ķģĺѩУŷ˲мӡ


1728 
ݾЩ߰ŮˣǲܿϳԼӵġϲǿߣҪֱĸо
ڳԣǴСӴ֮УԲȱǵˡЩ֮ŮûпϣѾ˵ˡ
ʵϣʶһˣйŷ磬һЩˡɫĮһмһ˵ӣǿҲԷһۣһ㶼ȤһԵ÷ǳװơ
ŷеЦЩһĺѩͿ
ʵϹŷ粻֪ԼҲΪּװƵˡ߸Ůܶ˰գôԼû뵽һ㣬ĻԵ̫ˣֻּܵܳŮ׷ˣܹŮ˵ĺ档
ʵϣĺѩԹŷ磬еˡ
۽ǵ⣬һֱעŹŷ磬ͱˣЩһ߲߸Ůһ㶼ûпԼһۡԱϵı飬ܸȤµĿšʱʱڶĺѩеҧ
ЩͿ֪ԷǹŪ飬ĲںԼ
棬̲סҪ֪ŷݡ
ŷܵһȵĿ⣬ͶԼϣתͷĺѩһۣȻһЦ
ĺѩɫһ죬֪Ϊʲôŷ翴һۣ˵Ķ쳣ɬͲ˼
Ǵûйһǰǵδء
ڳʿһЩ˸оĺѩǽͶ˹ŷϣ̺ɭȻɱ⡣
˵ĺѩ־ڱصã˭¶һҪӮĺѩעӣǶȺ֮
ûǸ˼ŷֹ
ŷĻŮ˹ŷһۣ֮ȴŨŨĲšЩûŷϢ֪кܶŮˣǾɫˡ
֣仰ʹˣлֱۣαعʲô۹⣬㻹ں˵̬𣿡̲ס˵һȰӣȴûѹñڳ˶ˡ
һЩֱվŷ߹
鷳ŷ̲סһۣӣЩƣʵĺѩһоûС
ŷڲʱˣʲôƯŮˣҪӵСڹŷ㣬ôĽޣ˵ѾΪҸˡ
ĺѩŷһǷ֮붼ûС
λѣԸдһһе꣬˿ǽɫģɣһֿµϣ̲סһĤݵĳ嶯
һۣŷҡͷԸ⡣
ǸüЩȵѵͣͲǵѵĶ֣
ŷ翴һۣȻĵͷ˵Ҿġ
˻Ȼƣơ˭֮ɢޣʵǿǿ֮¡ߵ֮ûм˸ġ
ʱȴ˵ˣһϵӡ
ǿãͿ϶ҪŭˣԷɱѪϴԼĳ衣
ǳȥǵϣûг֣ǶŹŷ磬ѾҲĶ֣ȴɣһս֤֮˭ǿ˭ͬʱ˭ҪˣϵĶͿԱһһ
˵һȡ
ʱڳʿˣͲҪսŷ磬ǿ˶ԷĻսףҪͨһս֣ܶȻõսס
һڼ˵ǰ֤Լʵõһ˵һá
ܶǿʿգôû뵽һ㣬ͰһͷҪսˡ
ŷӵĿһͣſ˵ϣʵûзʲôȻȤĶ
һмӣŭˡ
ȻûлһҲ൱ıһѻ߾ս쳣ǿ̡
ĲӦս˵ĻûʸȥɡͰȻ˵̼ŷ硣
ֻ֪Ҫ΢Ҫˣ뿪ᱻ̼һս
ĺѩǳĿ˹ʱ͵ĵӵˣмŹŷ磬һӡ
ĺ÷ŷе㲻ͷеľˮֱ˳ȥ
ʱ˺ȻУˮһӣֱӽû˳ȥ
Ƕܹ͵ĲҽУһ飬ֱӷɳ˳ǳأһɽ֮ϣɽˡ
ǿЩմŹŷ磬⻹ôôǿͿսһЩȽǿĻߣǰ˵ǰȴһƶסһ㱻ɱʵ̫ˡ


1729 Ѫ֮
˶ڲ²⣬˵˭Բû
ŷĿɨЩˣȫ˵ˣһžֻǶŹŷ磬ĺȻ
ĺѩɫȣβס𺳡
õһǿߣȴû뵽ǰ˵ǰȻһ
ѺΪĺѩڣ壬һ˫ڹŷϣŨŨĺ档
ҲӦһµǿߣɲܵˡ
һЩǽͷֱ˵λѹȻͶסѵһѵΪ¿Ǹ˵еľˡ
ҿȻλѵǰҲֻһλѵĶ֣ҿѾл۵ʵʶλһʿڣҪʸǰǿߡ
ʲôڵѵǰƨ㣬ʵ۾һƨһȺ˴۱һĲֵ
ŷԼıӣЩơ
ŮǵЩ˵Ļʱ򣬻̲ס¶Цݡ
ʵ̫ˣЩ֪ԼǰǸһƨۣ֪ǻʲôӵı飬˵ɫǳʡ
ŷ粻˵ֻ˵
ʱ򣬺ħȴͻȻЦһм˵һȺϲģҲֻʱǲ¸һٰۣǵǰǰ˵һĲǣ޵Уɨ£˭ܹȡ
˹ŷһȻ֪ŷݣǺħȴãۣ֮УΪǿĵˣͲЩ˵ôħ⻰˵ľе㲻ˣѵλѣսҸ㣬Ҳҵ˵Ļһ꣬ʱɫ֮УȴȻ֮
ֻŷһֺ̱õӣ˿Цá
ɵơ
ħֱӿһ㶼
ħ̫ˣȻˡǸŭźħ񣬴ǿҵĲ
꽫ĿͶŷ磬һߵı˵λѣħ㣬ѳ֣ѵһĺħ
޳֮ͽħЦٴο
ħûж֣Ϊ֪ŷʲô̬ȣǶԷĻֵĻǹŷĶ֡
ŷɫƽһ㶼ûжֵ˼
ħʱ׹ŷ˼ˣЦһֱվǸ߹ȥɱȻ
Ȼ꣬ħ˲
ѾҸղٿ㣬һҪҰǸֱӱɫŵùǺ
û뵽ħȻֱӾ֣˵ʵĻͲǺħĶ֡
ŷ޶ԣĶʱˡ
ڿǸֱڿһɵƣԷΪԼڰŷ˵ȴ֪Լǰˣۡ
۱͵һĲֵȻؽ󣬿¶ġ
Ǹ껹֪Լ͵ۣǰˡ
ħ֣ħ죬УֱӴ򱬡ǿµһĻ̨֮ȾѪ˶̲ס𾪡
ǴʱĵһǿߣԲǽգǾǾĹϵ
Ϊʲôֹɱˣʹŷ硣
ΪʲôҪֹɱ˺ûκιϵŷ翴Ůһۣ˵
ŷĻӲ˵Ҳڴ֮ɱģѵ㲻Ӧø𣿡
ֻǴ𣿡ŷʵ
Ů޻˵˹ŷһۣߺߵ
ãҪһѪ֮ˡŮ뱻ŷ
ŷɫ΢΢һ¶һĨЦݣͬǰ˺Ѫ֪Ͳˡ
ŮŮ𾪵Źŷ磬Ȼܹȡ˵
𾪣һΪҵУʵ̫ˣҪȡǵһ¡ŷ紫
˶һëȻĸоУԺҪ˵ʲôĻĲܵŹŷȥ˵ˡ
ĺѪĺѩŹŷ磬˵
ܶʿĺѩ˵仰ʱһǰǿˣûĺѩøУͷĶˡ
ŷʼ磬Ǻ⡣
ĺѩһ仰üеʿҺϲǿƵˣ˲аȫС
ɵЩʿȫɫ࣬ɭȻĿⶢڹŷϣһĨɱ⡣
΢΢һ㶣Ȼ̲סЦ˵֣Ҿ˵ֱۣģ㻹ʾ
һȥҪϹϡŷһۡ


1730 ԸΪŮ
Ϊڻᷢ𣬱ϾԸ߰ǳϵģʲôû˵ֻǹһЦ
⼫Ȳ˶ڲ²⣬˵ʲôݣȻ˶Դ
ĺѩһ˫ӶڹŷϣǴһĨЦݣ˵ѣѵĺѩ䲻𣿡
ĺѩĻܶƣԼŮӣȻ˺һ˵вޡ
ǵĻѾͬ˰ɡ
ȻЩԳԼݵˣҲһʱзǳ
ǶŹŷ磬һϣܾһ棬ֲĺѩѿǵ۵ǵУձʮֹ졣
Σȡŷ翴һԼߵŮ˵
ŷĻĺѩһ£ȻĴһŮĬһ£ſڣ˵ÿһɫҡ
Ȼеɥǲòһ㡣
ŷߵ߸ŮˣһѵĶ߸Ů˵ǰʲô㡣
ΪԷ߸ˣһ
ֻҵŮŷ絭˵仰һ˶̲סɫ
ŮҲ˵ĺѩֻ䵱ŷŮʵе̫ˡĺѩϴһĻЦǴʱȴȫıһ˫Źŷ磬˵˼ǣŮ
ǡŷҡͷ
ĺѩüͷһ壬һ˫ĿûдӹŷƿŹŷ磬Ҫ֪ʲô˼
Ƣ̫ˣҿɲҪŮŷɿһ
ŷĻܶ˶ֱӱɫŭ

̫ˡ
һȺվвǿĴڣǶŹŷ磬һǶŭΪŷĻ̫ˡеľ˵УȻһŮϸʵ̫ˡ
ŷɨһۣǶʱͬ׻һƺһ˻ȥ
˺ȻһȺȫ˻ȥѹˣ˵׶
չšͻȻʿ
ܶһͻȻ뵽һ飬ԵУں۹ŷ֮Ǻѡ
㣬ƺΪ֣ұֺǳˣھȻһ㶼һЦݡֵʵͻȻµ˵ݡ
۹ŷ磬˾
ۣĺѩҲǼӱ۵ˣ˲뵽˹ŷݡ
ŷͷ˵Ҿǹŷ硣
䣬ը˶סˣȻԽ٣ֲǿơҴ˵У߽κһǹɫ㣬ա
һӣȻһĺѩ
Ȼܺһж壬ʸ뷨֮䱾ǵˣֻǺŷɾλȻǿ壬Ҳֻгķݡ
ʵֻȾƵģȴ飬μһε飬ĺѩС㣬Ҳδҷʲô𣿡ŷӶĺѩϣһĨЦݡ
ɴ˿ɼĺѩСͿϹŷ磬ҾͲﶪˣǽ˰ɡŷ¶һĨЦݣȻվҪ뿪
ĺѩŷ磬һҧ˵ĺѩԸΪ۵Ůϣͬĺѩҡ
ŷһ㶣ûУĺѩôͻȻһ
ʿҲȻħ̲סվ˵ĺѩС˼Ȼǿ󣬵ǳΪŮδһǵѡ񣬶ҹ۱ϾûгΪۣȻսƥ˭֪Ժᷢʲô
˺ħһŷЩ⣬һ֪Լ֮󣬾ȻǺη壬˵ĻֱҲ¹ŷ
Ǹܵŷɻ󣬺ħĿͶŷ磬˵СˣһЩʵ˵ˡ
ţǰ֮ˣ۵ĻǾ۵ǣĻУʵȫԹŷ磬ֻ˵һʵѡ
΢΢˵ͷŷû˵Ĭ˺ħ˵
úħһ˲١ղҲֻڶģˣҲûа취
ʱ˱ɱֻܹǱˡڳ֮Уû˭۵Ķ֣һսĻᱻѪϴ
ҲںֻҪۣʲôҶܹܡĺѩ˵ᶨɫ
ɫŷɻ
ļȻһҪԼе㲻˵Ϊ⻹˵ĹȥȴҪһŮе㲻ˡ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ĺѩɫһ죬Щ˵ĺѩһֱĽۣȻһᣬȻŹֻϣʱ۴ܹĺѩΪ檣Ѿ㹻ˡ
˻Ȼ


1731 Ⱥ۱
ˣǼΪ󵨵ıסǹŷܹĺѩԲԣ˵ĲĻ
С
ŷ翪ڣͷŮ
ɡ
аȻΪۣҲͬĺѩС㣬ջظղԼĻ
е㷸ŭˣĺѩСǾ֮ΪŮ֮е飬ӦñԴ˼
һȺʿȺ鼤ܣʮΪǿƵʿֱӱ
ĿɭȻڹŷϣвЩ˵ʵڣǾԼʮ֣Կѹۡ
һеĻǲ֡
Ҫʲôںǳ⣬ɫ΢䣬ǰЩˣһΪǿ콾ʵǿᡣ
ʱֱƹҪðŷ磬ʱеġ
Ҫı𣿡ŷ絭ʵĿɨЩˣš
ħֱӶ㿪ȻʵҲͬǿ󣬵ǾԲ޵УɱһǿߣʮʿȻǿ󣬵δܹסۡǾԼ֣ܹۣʵе̫Цˡ
һɫƽս׵ЦŹŷ磬Щĵ˵ۣ㲻ܵסô˵֣뿪Ǳ㲻ƽϡ
ǳǿƣŹŷ磬֮дв
ͣҶ񣿡ȵе㵣ģΪڳǿʵ̫ˡ
ֵĻпвŷ硣
ûùŷ˱ܵĴ㣬޵У˲Թŷ粻ˡֻкЩˣֹܹһˡ
ĺѩһۣãĺѩǹİɣĻôһĵҪۣԸΪŮ
ⲻ˻ģǲҪ赶ɱˣԸۡ
ܵڵĿ⣬ĺѩЦû˵ֻһ˫УȴһĨȻȣαѡ
ΪŮȻԷΪۣҲвʡ
ڣ㲻ҪٻûãȻǿ󣬵ҵη壬յ飬޹أϽ뿪ͺǳ⣬ս׷⣬Ϊң˵Ļɫࡣ
ɨ˽һۣЦˡ
ڵϣһվɢűϢ˵ѩͽѵĹ۵һ
ѩҰħܵһһŷ֤Ѿ˶Էֻû뵽ѩȻվ
˭ŷ翪ڣʵ
ĿɨЩˣһĪϣܶ˿ʼԥϾǵۣ޵Уǿֲľһ壬콾Ҫǳ׵ŷĻҪ⡣
λѣõģôˣ򲻹һα޵ǲǹŷûгΪۣû޵еսһ𣬶֣Źŷ磬ĿɭȻ
졣ŷЩȡ
պøϵŷ㱾һαۣˣʲô۵ϣһȺȺ֮Ȼ˵ǸȦеǿߣֻǺ֣δɨ磬Ҳˣ֮Уǿ߲٣ЩǸȦеǿߡ
Զ͵͵ˣֻڹŷ۳Ѳʱ֣һȴɱǱӡ
˭Ҳ뵽Ȼʱˣһŷ֡
ѣþòͿڣɫдһĨ顣ڶ죬飬һĵĸо
һҲǽ룬ҪμһεסȻΪԭδѡϣҲνٽһǿߡ
ֻǶˣڲų֡͸˷ˣΪһ죬ѹƹŷİվ͸ˡ
ѣˡˣܹȺսαۣҲЦ˵ŷгɱ⡣
ҲȺۣҿǾһȺܶѡһмһǿ߽١
ǿߵʱ򣬹ŷЩ⣬Ϊ˲ǱˣǷ
ֻôʱ䲻ΪȻﵽ˻߾磬ǰΪϵһЩȱݣҲֲĺܶ࣬˵ʵһµľ硣
ʱһ
ڶǱ۹У˹Źŷ磬Ȼڹŷǰ
ʦڣһӡ
ŷ翴һۣ˵δӦΪͽ
֪ǸʱûʸʦЩһֱѧ̽øżֻΪʦܹӣڵѾһ죬Ŷʦ¡˵һϡ
ǳʥһͶأڵϣŷԼΪͽ


1732 ʦ
һߣϵùŷΪͽ˶𾪣һĻߣȻͬʥһĤݣһ̫ˣƾ˵˼㡣
Ѿ߳Լ·֮ϣһʦˣûбҪΪʦŷ棬ܹʱԷ״̬
˵߳Լ·ڼΪǿʵܾˣ֮УҲûм˸˵ѹ
ŷҲԷУδϵƣҲ˺ۣǶ˵˱Դƣһ㣬
ɴ˿ɼΪһΪ˶ٵŬ
ȻҲȲʦ֮һңڵΪҲΪʦָ㣬ָ㣬ڻ֪ʲôء˵
쳣мΪԼڵΪΪŷԭ
ʵҲǹŷָ֮ʵҲȥ̽ЩżСһ㣬ܻ䣬Ѿ֪ʲôزˡ
ʣе֮߳вУΪһߣȻ˿һΪͽֱ̫ʿˡ˵ȫǲ
һۣɫ¶һĨŭݣ˵ұ죬ǵҰʦն㡣
ʹŭǿƵеˣȻڱҪնһҪ
ǣһס͡
㲻Ķ֣Ҹղս¡쿪ڣʵҲѾɾ˻ߣȴδѹ
Ļ͵һȻô
Һûг֣ȻĻҪᱻ仨ˮڶʵǳԼԶԶǶĶ֣޷֮ȡ
Ͳ˵ˣЦһڹŷǰʦµӡ
֣ҿλѣĺг⣬ɡ˵ʵҪǵĹŷ类Ⱥ֮ôһ֣ҿĳֺǿ󣬾ܹסˡ
ֻǾãˣѾðʦˣȻ֣ӽСĵˡŷ絭˵Ľˡ
ŷĻ¶ϲɫݺڵϿ˼ͷһʦȻվ
תǣЦ˵ҪսʦȺһսĿ棬Щ˵ϣ߾ϱֲ˼㡣
ʵϣܹͶսƽ֣ʵĺܿɹۣǿ˼㣬ΪǸȦеˣһɻʣǼֲģΪǿƵ
󡣡˵
η壬ŷĺУһĨս⡣ţʵȻǿ󣬵ಫĻȻԼĶ֡
ŷȻųۣҲѾһ죬ʵǿŷδܹѹﻹк֣ܶһ֣ĺпܽŷɱ
ɵơɨ˶һۣĮ˵
ŭû뵽ּĸ֣Ȼˣɫ죬֪β⡣ˣǲܵģ顣
ŭ
ЦǲǺ⣬Ŷ죬սʮ㡣
°ɡŷ翪ڣһ¡
תŷ磬ɫЩ⡣ԼǰʦѵҪһ˿Щǿߡ
ɻ󣬹ŷ絭ЦȻΪʦˣΪʦҲܹñ˿Ϊ޷סǵΧΪͽġ
ʦ𣬲롣Ͻ˵
ŷҡͷվָŶˣɵ˵һְɣҪ˷Ѹҵʱ䡣
˻һ˶𾪣һսֻܹۡ˵ˣǶһˣӦñԿ˰ɡ

Ǻǳ⣬ɫࡣ
ȻΪ׼ۣҲǣǶʵǿ˼㣬һˣûʲôܹסģĻ͵
ϻࡣŷҡͷ
һ㶣ɨԼһۣ˵һ֣ѹ
ǽŷΧס׼֣ѹŷ硣
ɱ
һ֣ɱȻΪµսϢգӿµ˼㡣
ҲһһʱʩչΪµֶΣҪڵһʱɱŷۣҲҪŷˡ
ﱻֹû˶ľȻǶ춼ãԼǱһȺǿΧҲǱɡ
һ̣ǵɫˡ
ŷлƽɫʥ˸סйЦһۺȻУֱӱ


1733 һɨе
ʥʣһֻĳȥվۣȫʥС
Ǽ⣬ջǷ˳ȥǿըԪ񶼲һˡ
ϣˡ
һ֮ȴһɱȺۡʵ˶ڲ²⣬ŷɵӣɱȺ۵ʵֻûɱǶѡ
ôܣԪ˻𣬻ָ
һ̣ŷһֻ£ԪƿУһȺΪǿˣڹŷУȴʲô㲻ϣɱᣬ
ĺѩ𾪣ŷгʡΪȻǿҲᳬԽ̫࣬ϾǿƣôΣ
ʵֻһƶѣ㽫Щ˴ˣһȫɱ
Ϊ޵Уֻ˵˵𣿡ŷʣԪ񣬱ƿߣɪɪǳܲס۵ϣ顣
ɫӣŹŷ磬Ͷ˶ȴʲôû˵
ˣһΰܵĺܳףǹŷĶ֣һסȻΪǸȦеˣǰҲ߹Ƕ֡
ôôǿ󣿡գ쿪ʵȻǸȦ֮Ϊ޵ˣԹŷ磬ҲԵĴ
ʵϣǸȦ֮УѾǼµĴˣĻҲҪɨ棬ԼһƬơ
Ϊǹŷ硣ŷ翪ڣ˵Ļ
Ϊۣŷǿ󣬶Ϊǹŷ磬Ϊ۲ǿһǿţ۶Ȼʧɫ
һ·ɨŷѾһ޵е˵ͬ޵УȻ߳һ󾳽磬ŷ綼޾壬սʤԷ
첻ŷİ𾪵ˡ
ЩǿҲָȴûߣΪǣǸûа취ߡ
ҪǿӳȥĻᱻŷɱʱ˿̣˭Ҳû۵һǸǿʵ̫ˡ
ǻҪһս𣿡ŷ罫ԪųûлɱԷ
ָȻĬ
۶֣޷֮ȡ˭Ҳ˵ϣҲð
ڽͣŷ֮ɫ԰ףûһѪɫվִٵ˼㡣
ΪԺǣҲɱǣǲҪΪ۾Ĵģ˸ǣڴ֮ǰҸħһ塣ŷɫƽȴ³һϢ
˶𾪵ĶŹŷ磬ħһ壬ǿһǳǿƿµ壬ȻڣһǿƵ˼㡣
ǹŷȴ˶ԷԵ赭д
߰ɡŷ֣뿪
ǶһۣȻŷ繰֣뿪
ʵŷʵѾܹȵˣȻԼǿƣҪսۣҲǲܵġ
ͿһĻһûһϣĺѩѾ˵ˣҪŷŮѾϾе롣
ܿߵֻʣ¼ˣһ壬Լʦ֪ŷղǫˣԹŷڵʵʦǴ´ࡣ۵ĵλ˵ء
ŷתĺѩ˵߰ɡ
ĺѩҧŴһֹӣȻǲԸھ뿪
¶һĨȻЦݣŷЦ˵㲻ѾΪҵŮѵԸ뿪
ŷװһԸӣʱĺѩһ
ˣ뵽һ㣬ĺѩ巢Щη塣
Բۣĺѩ󡣡ĺѩ˵ɫ֮дһĨǡ¹ŷ粻ͬ⣬Ͼ֮гԹ飬ǰ壬Ƕڹŷ˵δؾͬ⡣
ͬҵŮҴûŮʸҪʲôġŷװɫһ˵
ĺѩֱӹڷһŵùǺӡ
һĻŮʱ̲סˣŮǵһ˵ŷ磬ôôѪλöˣ㻹Ӧֱ̫ݶˡ
˭˵ңҾҪӦһ䣬ǱӣӦ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
ŷ⣬Ůʱ˵Ҳ֪ԼղŵĻЩˡ
С죬ǿ˵λѾˣȻˣҪ
ҵˣŷһ㶣Ȼ¶һĨЦŮ˵˵Ҳҵˡ
ŷĻŮߡȻŷ绰еֻֻԼո˵ģҲ֪ηǳϵĻ϶ùŷӵ٩Լġ
뵽˵ˣһվﲻ
ŷ̲סЦǴһʤһ⡣
۸һСʲôõġŮԼóԿüͷ˵


1734 ʬ
ҪһǲǾͿԵˣŷЦʵ
ŷĻŮһûŷ磬ļŮҲԹŷŭĿӡ
ȻŷŮǾĿʲôȻŷ綼ֻ֪ף߸ѾͷҪΪԼĸĸ
ŷҲ⣬Ϊﵽ̶ȣûʲôµģֿµĴڳ֣ûʲôܹɱġ
ĺѩһߣɫ԰ס
ڿһĻЩģ̲ס˵֣ȻţĺѩСΪ˻Ƿǳõģ֮У㻹һʵʲôɣܹæĻ;һ°ɡ
ϧˣŷЦʡ
һ£ȻЦһ˵ֻǾĺѩСʵ̫ˡ
վһߣҪ˵ʲôԥһ£ûпڡ
ʲôҪ˵ŷʵ֪ˣʹûпҲ֪Ķͱ顣
ŷʻ˵ʦĺѩС㣬ͽжԵʦһĺѩС㡣
ŷһ£û뵽Ȼһϵ
ʵϣ巢ʲô飬ҲЩ档ĺѩľ֮ŮԸίԼһŮȻ
ŷҲǲӦֻǲô״ӦȻĻ˶Ϊ˵Ϻڡ
ʵϣŷɱϣʱҲ쳣ԼһӦӣʱʲô鷳ҵԼϣǲ鷳ء
װ˼˺ܳʱ䣬ŷſڣðɣ˵ʲô顣
۴Ӧˣĺѩ˵
ûСŷֱӿڣһԥûС
ŷĻĺѩ쳣ʧɫȻ
һĻ̲סҡͷĺѩƽʱҲһ쳣ϻ۵Ůӣôʱȴûп׹ŷ˼
˵ɣûйֽ˵顣̲סѡ
ŷ翴һۣû˵һҪ˵ʲô飬ҽˣ
ڸЦֱӹŷĻ
ڹŷ磬Ҳһ˽ˣһǰۣԼǰһ۵ļӶûУһǳദˡ
ĺѩҲӦмĿһڣȻ˵УһԤҪʵˣǲֹĻ壬һ֮ҪףҪ˴壬ǵĵ̳֣ҵǿ߰æǸԤԡ
ʲôԤԣŷ΢΢üͷʲôԤԣǺţ˿ŤתֻҪ㹻ʵ
һǿ߸壬ҪʧһƬСĺѩص˵
ǸԤԡھ
ŷ翴һۣȻҲ֪
پһ㡣ŷЩۣܲ˵һЩʵԵĶ
ĺѩڣΪŷͣأѹһ۵ʬ壬ĳң˴ʼƴȻʬѹأǸʬԹ˴ʼ棬ҲڻɱǸ֮󣬱ˣֻһԤԣǸʬǸգ壬᳹統С
һۣŷǶӣԷе𾪡
ףĺѩ˵Ӧ۵ģɨŽ޶֣г֮˾Ȼɱˣʵ̫ˡ
λʼ棬ƴһϴڣȻǵʵҲԵĿֲֻʬ棬޷𣬳ͬǿ߳֡ѹʬأԺǿߣȻ󳹵׻ٵǸʬ壬ֻǺȻʧˣδֹǸĸ֣ǿ߲߾ѡ
ʬҪˣŷʵ
ǵģѾϢˣĻܹʵûа취ˡĺѩ˵
ۣҲǶ֣Ϊδʵľ磬ȻۣվûֺɨŽơŷҡͷԼơ
޷ֻҪܹѹǸʬˣзӡֻҪӹ̣ܹӺܳʱ䡣ĺѩ˵
˼ͻȻ¶һĨݣ˵˵Ǹۣòһ۰ɣ
ɫ֮УȻһη壬뵽ʲôµһ
ĺѩ˵ͷϡ
ڵһĿŷ磬˵֣һ֣۳һаۣճһҪصǿ֣߳ͨͻƴһʯ٣û뵽ǿߣȻǰ֮еĺܶطǵء


1735 
Ǵ֪ģŷѯʡ
ĹŲ֮ϣԲκƫġ˵ɫʥׯϣɫȻ˵ǰλǰѪƴһѪȫȼԼŻɱ˻ۣǴ£ߣֲЩţȴû𹫷ߣܶǿƵ壬壬ڿǶ֪λǰݣǵĶ£ԲŻ̵ġ
ʵǿǲ֮Уǿ岢ֹһЩû鷳ΪǸԭ
ŷһ˵ͷ˵ȥ
ǴӦˣǵۣαػһ档Ȼŷڣֻ׼ۣͬҪΡ
۵λãôġ˻֮⣬һ⣬ҵһҪ񣬾ҪػһƬ档
ĻҲϵĵλֻһаˡ
ģĺѩ˼㣬û뵽ŷ羹ȻĴӦˣһεĸо
Ҳ֪͹ŷ֮ìܵģŷǲͬĻʹһУҲҪŷͬ⣬ĺѩû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ׵ıͷˡ
һԾŶȻм١ŷ翪ڣɫȻ
ֲۣһƺԣܹ׳ŵһŵ
лۡĺѩ
ŷȻ˵·ɡ
ʶϳĺѩ·
ĺѩͷǰ·ŷӦŮС˵һﻹǻĳס
ǰʵһءŷŮĶ𣬽һ
˵ʶԼֻҪڹŷǰڣᱻʵûڹŷǰεʵ
һˣֱӿԽǧɽˮɽ˲ʧڽ¡
Ǻܳʱ䣬Ǳϳһɽ湬ɢϵĹâ
ǿ֮Ѳߣһз˸Եü¡
ǴʱȴһּƵ£˶֪ԤԼˡʼѹǸµʬ壬
˭
оʱһȣһһ˫˸˹
ĺѩ֮¶һɫ˹֣˵ӭС㡣
ĺѩ峤ŮĶС㡣Уǳúܶ˾塣
Ǹ֪һĺѩ뿪Ϊ˸ҵǡ־ٶԱӾˡ
Ǹĺѩ󣬵ڵʱһϲȻ֪ĻҲܹȹһΣ
ǿĴ壬һǺ
ŮʱЩôŮӣ
췢㶵ʱĺѩڣ˵ͨ峤۷ݽ٣Ͻӭӡ
ۣĸǸ죬ĿתƵŷϣûȥΪĺѩдһʱ䣬ʶֱԼ۾
ЩʿҲһ𺳣ĺѩȻ˵ۡ
һε飬ûõ۵İæΪۺоԹǾã۲ؽ󣬿
۽٣Ƕɵˡ
ϽȥͨǸɵɵվĺѩЩż˵
ò׽ŷˣһŷΪԼһߵҪ뿪Ļ¿޶Ļһ嶼ûС
ǸγѣϽͷȻȥͨ
ŷվû˵ȻȻģϣɢ˲ӡ
һᣬڣһǿ߳ųţﻶӭŷ硣
۽٣岻ҵ
һӣɫۣ˳ʮ㡣ĺѩĸХ
ХۡХɫƽɫ֮£μɫ
ŷͷ˵ö񣬽ȥ˵
ԵúȨЩʽĿȴԵȻۣȻӦģ˵ģ˿ˡ
Хվûзϻǰ·ŷʥⴹ䣬ȻһѲԼĳһ㣬ƾ˵˼㡣
ܶǿߣȫڵϣŷĤݡѹ̫ˣǸͶס
Хо̾۵ʵȻɲ⡣˵һ£ŷʵԽǿԽܹǵ鷳


1736 ħͷ
ǽУŷλϣХʵǸʬΪûиܵκϢ
ŷЩɻϢ֮⣬ûиܵκϢе㲻
۵ʬ壬һηӡӦϢңһ£ߴΣӡҪ⿪ʱ嶼ǴͷˡХЩɬ˵
ǸĴڣȻֻһʬ壬Ҳ㹻£壬ž
ڵڼˣм죿ŷѯʡ
Ѿ˵ˣмʱǵγХڣɫء
ŷ΢΢ü۾
֮󣬹ŷ۾ЦǱƭˡ
ʲôХǳһ
ʱ֮ǵߴγ֮ǰǸ۵ʬ壬гһΣֻѹеĶûǾ쵽ŷ翪˵
ղ̽һ˵˽Ĳˡʬͨ飬ʱѾ飬쳣ƻ֮ǰһηӡ
ˡХɫ䣬ϳȵӣʱɫ֮УŨŨľš
ŷ翴Хһۣ˵ˣͷİɡ
ţХ΢һЩֻǶڹŷʵʵһ㻳ɵģϾŷȻۣȴûгΪۣʬ帴ջ飬δǶ֡
㲻ңŷ翴Х
Хҡŷ˼ХһϽ˵
ŷû˵λ棬Ĭš
ʦҪҪһЩ׼̲סʵȻѾ˻߾磬ʬ帴գЩġ
ŷ翴һۣ˵Űɡ
ȣǹŷĴ㡣ʵҲףǹŷ綼޷ѹʬ壬磬ܹסԷˡԣûбİ취ֻܹ
ʱЩ˵ָ
ŷüͷһϢ˲䷢һֱ仯һ
ˡŷ絭˵
Хһ𣬶ʱףߴιˡǿ֣߳ȫǻߣǶڻһ죬ʱɫ쳣أгżȫǻ߾Ļ
ŷҡͷһζǰǿı忴Ҫûˡ
˴ʼ棬ܹۣǵʵԵĿֲȻǸǿߣҲ١
ǿڵ壬ˡ
Хڣһʣȫɫš
˶Զŷ翪ڣ
ŷĻХϽĳԱȫ뿪ΪףȻЩĳԱ֣Ҳûκãּǿߣǲڻҡ
Ůǣŷˡ
ֳ֮Уֻʣ¹ŷĴߡŷ翴ХһۣĿڣ˵һսǵһʱ뿪
ŷĻһЩ˵ҵȻţ۵ΪҲԲΪۣһæﲻϣʱһ֮
ŷ翴Ǹһۣɫ죬һһѪ˳
ûбȻѹİգҪĻɡŷ絭˵
Ǹɫŷһ񶼳ܲסԼ͹ŷ֮Ĳˣ֪ԼȻҲֻǸۣڲܲס˵æˡ
Ҫ͹ŷǸǴʱŷѾĿתˣŴأкɫϢһħͷ񣬶Źŷǡ
һȺϣҲֱֹЦͷħɱ⡣
ûн˷УȻ˻
ХٴУħͷѾǵһγˣʼ׼㣬ˣ˺ܴס˶Է÷ӡħͷɢ
ʱħͷĹԵúܽţȫȫʵ

ŷһָʥѹ䣬ħͷɳȥĿڣ˵ڴˣֲҰ
ХǾϲ۵ʵͷ۵ħͷ񣬾Ȼסһֱָӱˡ
Ǹħͷ񱻻ɣԵ÷ǳ𾪣һ̣ڷӦŭ˻𣺡ɶϣ棬㾹Ȼҳ֣Ҫɱ㡣
쳤Хħͷǻ۳ģŻ۵־һ۵ĸ߰еϻɣȻҪŭ
㻰̫ˣ㱾һսһ㺳ҷֺŷ絭˵ֶʥⴹ䣬ûһƬռ䣬ޱȣȽӳң硣
ħͷ΢΢һ̲סʵǺˣ
ۡŷӦ


1737 ţƴ
ħͷһ㶣̲סĴЦһ˫ӣĶŹŷ磬ħͷЦССһȻ˵Լǵۣǳ˻˰ɡ
ŷû˵ǿƶϣһָ
ʥǵأûȥħͷãֱӱʥ飬ʧŷ˼ܼ򵥣ж֤Լĵλݡ
¡¡
ڲµϢʬڳ
ô죿ֿµϢХ˸оԼڲ
ŷҡͷ˵޷
ŷĻХȻ۵ʬǿ¶ҪˡǹŷľǲΥ
Ͼŷǵۣ޵УڲŷĻҲûиõİ취
ӡ⣬йȻһƬһµĴѹ·Ǹʬ塣ǰλʼ洴֮Ǳȫ䡣
ס˻۵ʬ޾£ڽգҪƵˡ
죬ȫûڹѣڱȻַӡסĻ۵ʬ塣
Х˽ţֿµϢ֮£徹ȻڲȻĲ
Ǻͻ֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˣԷȻ£ʹδͻƴ󣬵Ҳǲ
ŷ縺ֶ֮УŴеĴ󣬶ȫ
ˡŷ˵һ䣬ʱХըëˡ
ϣһµħӰվһ˫ɫģ˻ԵϢ
Ͻ֮Уذħɫһȵ˵ǸҲˡɫأҪϹȥ
ˣŷ֮Сһ˳֣ȻǺʥԺԺ
Ļذħһɫеأ˵ԹŷսδܹѹסǸ
ʥԺԺҡͷ˵ŷڵʵԲǸİɣںʥԺУһͻƣʵжǿֻԼ֪ˡ
Ǹˣذħϲ
ǣһֵδͻƣҵԼ·Źŷܹһε鷳ġʥԺԺʮ˵
ذħͷԺĻȻʮš
ôģȥ㲻ҹս鷳ˣذħԺһ˵
ҾһͨˣԺˣú͹ս֮飬ԼɣټԺתֱ뿪
ذħҡͷ΢΢̾Ϣһ
УħӰ£ѹʮϢͷţĿռ䶼飬ϼҪױˡ
ǻۣŷнһħӰıʣħӰУһϰӣŭڷ趯Լ֮еѪ⣬һ˫˵˼㡣Ȼ߶Ҷӡ
ۣ˵Ӣȴ׳ǿͷŲĹâһѪ죬硣
Хɫأڼ۵ϡֻйŷ縺ֶûио̫ѹ
䡣
ħӰʧ۴Ӻڰ߳һ˫ɷӣڹŷϣǴһĨ̵Цݣ˵ղž˵Լǵۣ
ŷ翴һۣɫĮȻڿһϡ
ԷǿƣͱȶԷǿƣǴһ档
һ飬ûȻ˸̬ȶԴԼȻۣҲӦԴԼ
һϣû뵽ҲԴˣݺµʱȣҵĽ£һһɪɪأ㾹Ȼǰ񡣡۸̾һµӡ
ŷɫŹ֣Żۣ̲סЦ˳
ʱĹŷ磬ȫûǣʲôΪЦһ
ХǣҲЩЦã̲סҡͷ˭ʼ涼пڻ۵֮ǹŷȴԲܡ
սǸµĴڣϱһΣȻԲǹսĶ֡
ǾԵģһСսڴӿٵصڣ֪˶ֻ֮ΪǿĴڡ
ȻΪۣҲܸӹս
ЦʲôЦŷЦһȶûˣغ
ŷǿֹסЦݣŻۣŲ˵ЦţƤ̫ˣҵȲ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡
ƨӹŽδ޵Уݺ磬˭棿۰Ȼ˵
Ȼ֮УҲڼǿ֡
ŷЦݣ¶һĨЦ֪սûУ
۱һȻǹսһ˵̲סһ£Źŷ磬Ŀ棬ҧгݵʵ͹սʲôϵ
ҵȡŷ絭˵
ţƴˣ̲סˡ


1738 ս
ûж೤ʱ䣬۱ɫ糣˵ȻǹսΣֲûкս
Σŷ絭ʵ
۵ʵǹŷȴ̲סǹսĶ֡
¡Ц˵
ŷ̲סЦˣ£˵Ļܹ͹սµˣҲֻмѣ֮Уֶֻܹ
㲻ţۿŷɫβ֪ʲôʱ̲סˡ
еӶšŷ翪ڣûԼ뷨
ɫ죬ŭɫ
ʵҲȷʵǴţˣոճΪ۵ʱ򣬱˹սһսսһֻȳȥֱɨɵˡ
Զĳ裬ףԼȻΪۣȴǹսĶ֣һʵ̫ǿˡ
ҧгݣǹŷȴ˵֮ҪӦһ顣
ΪǹսұҪӦҪ̫ѹսһˡЦ
ɫмȻǹսĶ֣ȴΪսͷԶԷʱκӺ
ŷҡͷ˵ΪǵۣҪػ۵Ҫ󣬲׼Ϊ׼ɱԱ
ǹŷҪŻֱۣ˵˳һԷͬҲҪͬӣͬҲͬӡ
һ㶣ʶŷ˵ǵۡ
ĸһЦһ׼ۣΪ磬֮ûˣȻķϲģҲܹɾ׼۵λá
ɫмŷڿһһ
ɫмŷгӣ¡
֮ˣܹɳѹ˴ѴѵУ㲻ʲôȻֻ׼ۣΪǵǸʬ帴ΪҲ䵽һ͹ȰɡŷЦ˵
ȻûۺŵսǶԷҲһͬս޾²Ÿۺķ˲ٱԴǱɱģѾ۷壬ʵ˼㡣
ȻȻʵ䣬Ҳ㹻£һܹȵġѰ߾Իֻۣ·һ
ɱ㹻Ц
ɷ죬һ˫ޱȣޱߺɫϢбֱָŷ硣
ȻㆪȥˣҪֱӳ֣ŷնɱ
˿ҴŷɨХһۣκΰ
Ĵȫ뿪ԻۣһУͲǶ֣ԷϢס
Ҫһ֮סң̫ˡ۴Цڷ裬ħ졣޾ɫ£ⶼħףɱһС
ŷվﲻָͬ˸ħײһȻȻںˡ
ʲô۾
һ̣һŽɫвźɫֱ˹ȥ
С
۷ӦЦһһĳȥ𣬸͵סһ
һ䣬ӦӦҵҪ󡣡ŷû̳֣Ǽʵ
Ρ
Цһֻŷ£Ҫŷ縲УȻ顣
޿ɾҩ
ŷҡͷɫأȻХһʥⱬֱһȭ
ȭཻ֮ͺڹⱬ˵û
һ̣ȫɳվ
һһڣ໥ţȫɢſµϢ
¶һĨŵɫ̲סôܣ㾹Ȼǿ󡣡
ŷʵϣǿףȻܹӲ
Ҫ֪ŷ粻ֻһûнʵľ磬ΪۣȻǸ磬ҲѰ߾ܹġ
һȴһ൱ԼǲΡ
˵ǵۡŷ˵ɫȻ̤նУԸ֮ϣһŲ
ǼԵĹ̤֣ŷ̫ǿƣͬʱ̫ˣӲһûը˷Ρ
ҹŭһָ絶񷣬ŷĽײһ
䡣
ﻯһƬգֻкƵ޾ķ
ʹΪʣҲ޷﷢ʲô
һ̣Ӱ˳Ǽҽ棬ǿȫɢŲ⣬˽ɱʩչԼµֶΡ
ŷδ뵽ԷսȻֲͬǿ֣˿·硣
˱̫޸׿֮ȫҽϽ綼𶯣ܵϵڽ档


1739 ħǹ
ܶʿвǸоĩҪһ
찡ʲôӵǿ棬ô˿£ʿڵϣɪɪо
ȻۣҲ˰ɣ̫ˣûзּˡҲǿվҪʲôӵ档
Ϊֲʵ̫ǿˣ˵֪µ˼㡣
ҲǿҪǰսǺգŹһʱЩʿͿ
ءʿϳһƬط
Ƿ壬ڸңԶĵطӡ
ɫǣһŵӣȻ˾ºͻš
кʶʿ˹ȥֱѯʷʲô顣֪Ǻʱ¶Ȼɫ
ǾۺĻڼս
ֲôǿ棬ѾδˣҺûд
۱ʤ
ϢЩʿҲ۵һʲôӵĴڣΪŷϣŷʤ
Ϊս˹ŷ磬ûܹסˣʱ磬Ҫܵѡ
䡣
ŷ۽ĵطըȫɡ
˷ֿ֮ʿǲſǵǶôĲңǿ˹ŷ磬Ҳ屻ˣȫը
ۣ壬ʱȻֻʣһͷ­üģһµħ˻Ԫһֲĺڹ⣬ҪĨɱŷ硣
ŷüķ⣬Ԫֱɱ˳ȥ
ۡ
ڹ飬۰ͷ­ըˣһ㱻ɱԪϽԶԶܿȻ޸塣
ŷԪع飬Ѫ𶯣ָЦŶŻۣ˵ұԪ㲻С
棬Ԫһ飬ȴһµľ磬Ԫ罣ķâһն˻ۡ
ۻָɫѿһ˫ӶŹŷ磬˵ҵķڣֵҳס
Σ㶼ѾǵĻˣеִӦҵҪҲΪѣɱ⡣ŷ˵һ˵ɱ֣˵˼㡣
Щʿŷ񣬳˾ηۣĿµ˼㡣
ҲһЩǿˣУŹŷ磬ɫӡôǲģͬʱŷ磬ѾԶԶˡ
ЩˣвǸȦеǿߣҲıߣʱȴףԼۣԶԶ硣
۵ǿЩо
ɱңȻ棬˵ĻŭЦû뵽ԼһȻһǿߣû۷ʱΪҪѹƹŷ綼ܡ
ڸղŵĽУ·磬ܵ˺ȹŷ
ʼУ㲻ֻһ棬һϣȻԸ˵ĻɱһϺ棬ûʲôҫģ㶮𣿡ŷ˵˲һûѪ
ɫͨ죬ָָŹŷ磬ڶ¡
̫ˣ۵۾֮жðˡԼսۣȴ˵棬˵ϣ˭޷ܣҪðġ
ˣ
ŭŭ𣬺磬죬ֲޱߣ档
ħǹ
˫ֽӡٻԼı
üͷһ壬ŷܵвǻ۽Լħǹٻʵ»١
뵽ŷϳ֡
ֱӺȳֻأͨͬʱȥ
ۡ
ȻǿҲû뵽ŷ羹Ȼֱͨӱ飬ѪȾ񷡣
ڽеٻҲϡ
һ̣Ѫۼһ»ָ塣
巢⣬ͷԼΪǿħʼˣԴڻͷϣʩչԼʵ˼㡣
ħǹٴδȣһڵĹ⣬ľУ˹˻۵С
ǹڣ˸Ĺ⣬й޺֮Ѫ̱ǣɷ졣
һѻǲʥͬһһħǹ
һֻסԼı쳤Хɽӱ飬Ͻ޹⣬ɽʧɫȫڰܲסֿµϡ
ųǹָŹŷ磬Լūһ
ħǹ֣ǳǿƣȻŷˡ˶ԾŻħǹĻۣ͸ղȫˣʵͻǣָһµľ硣
ŷ縺ֶŻۣ³֣ϲġ


1740 ۼս
Ƿϲģ˶Ծ۵ʮ㣬һ㶼۵в
ʵϣŷ粢ɣһսս״ϣŷŻۣͬ˵
սսף˵еĶ˵սսѲ˹ϵԹȻûսսףɫ֮¶һĨ⡣
ģõķǽʵŷȻսսףҲסĹ
ףӽһӵ𣬹֣ӽâһڹŷС
ȻܵĶ֪ǹŷ棬ǰӽ͸˹ŷ硣
ڲսδʵȻǿ󣬵ǻֲ˹ŷսС
ʦ֡һݡ
յĵӣԺǵСʦܡŷƿӽսսףԻۣʮ㡣
ӽں챦ƬȻδܹԽƿ£Կ档
ߡ
ɫһ䣬ȻҲܵӽ֮ԥһǹִĳǹͬɽһ㣬ŷѹ䡣
ˡ
ŷֳӽ˳ȥ磬ᴩؼ䣬볤ǹײ
䡣
һ죬ͬʱˡ
ӽ⣬пµϢʣ챦Ϣŷ糹״߷ٴԷն䡣
۶ܹȥԳǹֱӺɨ¡
ŷͬûӲ˹ȥ˶ӣԷɱ⡣
ǼսһԷԾŷսսףս¶Էͣس֣սգɱѡ
䡣
ǴײһЩǿֱӱɫȫˡ
һʣûзӦǼսನУֱըˣ˺ȻһʲôӵƣȻΪߣסǼսನ
ٴˣ±
ݺҪѹƶԷ˭Ըս൱ȫ˼ս
ۡ
ŷһն䣬һ㽫룬Ѫʣ£Ե÷ǳޡ

һ̹ŷʹһһǹУȻսսױҲһˣѪȾսס
һѵĴսȫƴ
ۣԾۣһѪȾʢ磬ǳ֮ϣµڤ֮УȴȻǲֲ١
ŭҪˡһеûж֣ȴһסһ൱ʣһŭ
ŷҲһɱݺᣬۣӦѹһеУǴʱȴסˣʣŭҪѹƶ֡
˶ȫ
Ҫˡɫء
ǽĿ죬ѯʲô˼
׺ͻֲۣ٣ȥȻܹսʤۣҲʯ٣˶к³˵ԼĿ
Լĸģ̶ֳȵսʵ̫ΣˣһСľͻ䣬Ŵޡ
Ǹô죿һȥʦ𡣡ż˵
ˡ
ֱһԴϣû˵ʲôأǵʵǳֵĻֻǸ׵ĸҪľȥˡ
ҲôҵԴôҲǻˣôˣʦָһӰ
ǱŵĹأ쿴һۡ
ֱҡͷЦŹضˣﻹ˵
ҲףǹںԼЦûнԼˡ
ȥݣʦ壬ȥذħǰ뵽ľֻˣֻǵʵܹսȻԯĶսʥ嶼С
ˣѾˡһ֣ڹԴһ£ʱù۵ıͷʹ
ʦ壬۸С첻˵
˹һۣ˵㻹۸ԼʦأʦĹأ
ƣһǹģһߣƲ֮ϻȦȦ
һĻɫŹ֣̲סЦ˳
һۣˣȻ˹һۣʱùƣʲô˵ˡ
ģ۸ӣһ۸㡣ֹ󣬵ȴ˶ˡ
ʱ˶ҲһۣΪΪԼȥ۸أԭԭ򣬿ʦ壬Ҳʲô
ϴ󣬻ܶסû̳֣Цŷ纰ŷɨһۣһˣȻ˵ȿһٿ㣬ӵĺϷòͷ˰ɡ
ϵЦݽסˣ
ϽְɣȻĻŷĻ۸ġذħĮϣ¶һĨͬ飬ļ


1741 뿪
ڻۣѾľˣ͹ŷ缤սȴһֱU۲죬ܵذħʱоԼˡи̲ס쵰ô
ϣܵϤϢѡ
㲻ǳְɡЦʵ
һôû˹ŷ磬üͷʵ
һЦ˵ӹˣΪۣǾʹһ£Ƕ۷壬ֻһΪһ˵Ķ𣿡
۳ĬĿ䣬ȴЩΡ
Ժ͹ŷ棬ҲԺڵۣʱذħһϸ£ǿߵΧɡ
Ϊڲ۷徳磬˵ս൱
죬ذħ֮ûͻǺαΪءµ񣬻ҲͷˣЩ޵˵Լơ
ŷ翴˻һۣ˵Ϊ㣬ΪǣҪɱ¾ҪȥһƬսе˸ɱǲҪᣬ˺ԼͬԴ塣
ֲС˵ۿ˹ŷһۣ˵
ŷû˵ȴ̲סЦСҵϴҵĸӦҵϴҲΪС
Ļɫ΢΢һ䡣Щŵ˵ôܣͷô󣬾ȻһСΪϴ󡣡
оԼǲǶˣҪǾӳˡһۣԼǲӳˣɴ˿ɼǶôľˡ
ʵϣҲֻ֪ݵˣŻо𾪡Żǧŵֻۣһݶѡ
ˣһСΪϴβˡ
ǵۣô˵ͬȶԻʸ񣬶ڵʵδؾͱȹŷǿսףŷˣذħ˻һۣ˵
ڹŷͻ֮ʵԱȣùŷ硣
ܡ
ŭȻһ㡣
಻㣬Ӧףذħ˵ѻذħĿڣȴһĨȻ
ȻףԻ۲Żš
ϴҪ㣬ȻЩҲˣǾԲ⣬ڲУǱϴˣҲк³֮УԸȹǿߣмֺСϴһĨЦݡ
ľȻûԸ꣬ĺѶȥ
쵰ǸһﻹûȻв꣬һָΪʱֱȥЩŭ˵
˻һۣƲƲ죬Щм˵ʹָǰΪҲֻбǼһķݣϱǼǿ֣߳ŷӡǸһΪԼϱǶҪǿ𣿡
Ȼ˵Ļ
ղֻһʱŭ˵ûйӣһ룬Լţƣɴˡ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ţˣҶˡ
ҲΪ㣬ֻҪһ֤ŷ翪ڣ˵Ļʵϻһ׼ۼսŷĲٵһǿߡ
ռƵʱ򣬹ŷ˵Ļ
ҴӦ𿪿ڣһԥûС
ŷסˣסˣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼʹ죬ŷ绹û˵أʹӦˡ
㶣Цӻּۻ۵ӲԾʹӦûʲô˵ģǿߵǰԶûзԵʸ񡣡
ʵڳûһ˾˵Ǵġ
ʵˣǿߵǰԶûѡȨڣǳ·磬ͬ⣬ֻսһˣȻսĹŷˡ
ǣͬ졣ŷޣõŵ£ۡ
ʵϣԻ۵̬˵һˣûκӰ졣
ʵѾ뿪ˣһ棬ҸֻҪɵЩ쵰ѣȻ㻤ǣҾͲˣһָΪ϶ҪһսģʱˣһҪٵ塣ۿڣ˵Լ뷨
Źŷ磬սʮ㡣
͹ŷһƽ֣۷ǳˬܵ˼ش̼ԣԺ󻹻֣͹ŷһս֤Լʵ
ǳڴҹûпܻˡŷ絭˵
󣬵ȴ͸һǿš
Ȼһ۵սҲʮ㡣
á
תֱ뿪
ŷδŶԷ뿪ɫƽ


1742 ֻЦ
ķ뿪üЩǡ
ذħҲһĿⶢڹŷϣû뵽
һָоսˣǿ߲࣬ҪǿߣһۼսҲɱŷ翴һۣ˵
Ż뿪ķ˵ͷ˵˵ҲǣһָܹܿΪаѹ
ȻҷţҾаաŷŵ˵
߻ۣҲǹŷ˼֮ĽͬʱҲţȻԷָΪҲаѹԷ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣо˸
ˣѾ뿪ɡŷɨ˴һۣ뿪ǿ̫࣬׷ͻһںģŷ粻Ը⿴
ԣڹŷ֣ܲɱˣͲɱˣݣǲһʵ
뿪ǲΥ
ǿ߷ɹǸмŷ硣ҲɫŹŷ磬ֹ
ȻĳԱмŷ磬Ǿãŷ罫۷ߣǴˣǲġ
ЩԱϿɹŷ
ŷȻҲܹҲüƽϡ
ˡкŮ׼뿪
ͬʱĺѩҲŹŷ磬׼
ĺѩС㣬Ů֮˵ֻǿЦĺѩС㲻Ҫ档ŷ翴ĺѩһۣ˵
ԱǱΪĺѩ˹ŷ磬Ϊ۵ӣڿͲôһ£ĺѩȻǹŷŮ
ܶԱɫˣǶŹŷ磬ɫ쳣ѿ
Уĺѩźܸߵĵλܶ˽еŮģڲ֪Ȼһ˵ŮȻǸΪۣҲʵ޷ܡ
۲Լе𣿡һԱǳ⣬Źŷ磬ɫѿ
ŷ翴һۣû˵
ǹȴˣ˵Ȼ֪ҸۣҸ˵𣿡ɢһɿµɱ⣬ǸԱŵһˡ
һ֮ʵɲ⣬Ҫ׷ƽˣһΪȻܵסϡ
ӲҪˡòðۡХһ¹ŷǷŭϽ˵
˵ھôһۣˡ
޷ҲǾĺѩСΪҵŮʵĺѩС㣬֮ǰֻǿЦһѾ˵ˣɣǡŷ˵Ů뿪
ŷ·ûǡ
Ҫ׷ȥȴһס
ʲôʵ
׷ʦ𰡡Ȼ˵һãȻӣ֪ΪʲôҪסԼ
ôһᵢ飬ŷŮѾʧˣҲܲ
Щգ˹һۣЩԹ˵ʦ֣Ϊβ׷ʦ𡣡
׷Ҹʲô̲סҡͷʵ
źʦҡȻ˵֮дһĨȡ
ˡ
һԴϣǹģġһɸֵɫʦôŮźʲôô򡣡
ôϣֲõʱײԸΪͽҲҡͷһʵ̫ˡ
һ£ŷӦԼʱǸʦĻŵ߸Ů֮ദĻŷ粻Լء
뵽һԴϵĺˮյ˵ʦʦ˵ĶԣҾԲʦ绨ѩ¡
ͶˡЦе˵
ذħһۣ̲סҡͷŹŷ磬С㣬ҿʵڶ֮ˡ
ٺ١ٺһЦӣȴǲ˵ˡ
ˣҲұԼĸףȥĻɣԸʦһȥ磬úýһ£ʦϺܶطֵѧϰذħٴ˵
ǡ
˵
ϽһħĻ˭Һӣ춼һȻ뿪
һĻ̲סҡͷƵ˵ǰΪʲôȫһء
Ϊұһۣذħ˵
ֱذħһָЦʲôҿǱһװưɡ
˵˵ذħüǳ⡣
мЦбذħҪҪҽ͵ЩŮϴ˵
˻һʿذħ񶼱ˣλϽһħȻְء
ذħɫһ㶣ȻӦɫͨ죬ӦҲ˵ģɱ㡣
Ⱥʧڳʿȫ۾


1743 ɽ
ҡҡͷɫЩ죬һյ˵ϲޡ
ʦǲһİɣСʵ
Ҫ֪ذħΪصĸǿߣ͹ŷ粢УӶ
Ǵʱ˵Убĸо
ȿȣǸòҪ̫ϣҪ֪ǿʦ嶼ϴˡЦ
䡣
쾪ףֱӺ£ԭء
ˣǲҪⶪˣ߰ɡһ뿪
ֳֻʣǿߣ
ʱХͻȻתһƽǸղſڵǿķɳȥ
ǸǿߴڿѪɫȻԼ峤֪Լ峤ΪʲôҪԼ֡
쵰ǰ̡Хŭ
ˣղŹŷڵʱХûбǴʱѹƲסԼеŭ
ɱǿߣܹʧ޲̽ǿߴҡ
峤ҲסǸǿ߲˵
Хɫ죬ɫįĺѩһۣ˵ۣʹΪŮҲһҫλ۵ıԣֻҪһĸλãʱѣȴΪνѩĴǰ̡
һ۵λãм۵ϣ֮ĤݣΪվۣǸƹŽĴڡ
˵ĺѩŹŷ磬Ϊۼǰ϶顣ȴƻˣХβŭ޲ǽǸʼٸߴҡ

Ǹǿɵۣû뵽һ㡣
ĺѩԲ𣬳ӡХԼŮһۣ̾Ϣ˵
һǰ̣ȴˡ
ΪǺεҫ¶Ի͹ȴͣһХг鴤̫ˡ
ûµģףʵҲδػϲңߣҲֻǼͨһˣδܹҡĺѩڣЩԳȻľݣҲŮˡ
ףߵŮӣԲ
սԯ죬ȫǾˣ磬Ů˫正ʥ˫ȸ޹£ϢкܶˣԺ֮ЩĴ˵оȻһԱС
ŮҪԼκ˲Х˵һ£̾ϢһڣΪŮѾˣԺ˭ҽ㣬ҵŮֻиۡ
ĺѩ˼ҲҪԸۡ
ŷǿܹ棬ѾĶеĸӢֻۣǹŷȻȤû뷨
Ҹô죿ĺѩʵ
ĺѩһۣХ˵Ӧǰݣū澵ǰλȫĵ֮ǾԲΪ㣬Ļᡣ
ĺѩԼţȥŮҪܴģһҪע⼸λҪΪԼ
㵣ʲôǲϲۣͲǰȥûл۵вĹλ磬ȻȲۣҲͬԹâ䡣ԼŮԥХһת
һĺѩ˵ǰݡ
ľѾˣȻĶǾǰǸԲȱ׷ߣԼûʲôɽġ
׷ŮֻһɡеۣͬܵŮӵ׷һֱ׷
Ⲣˣ뵽ĺѩ¶һĨЦݡ
ףˡԼĸףɫ档
ХЦ֪ԼŮͨˣһ£˵ͷ˵ȥɣڴΪ֮ع顣
˵ͷĺѩ뿪ǰݡ
ŷŮɽǹŷڶνɽһŹѾաԱߣһͭףֱӱպϡ
ԹŷڵʵȻ壬ȻһߵʬҲܵס
𡣡
һŷʱֱӳɱ
ȻȻûǣʶŷ磬ȴűܣһнˡͷȻˣҲд۾ս
ŷһʬ嵽˭ģô˿£֮һ˿Ǵ۾졣
֪ԼС𣬶Է̫ǿˣпսǸĴڡ
ŷ֣ʥѹ䣬ֱѹһͷ
ʱգŷѾȫһˣǿ˲Ȼڴ۾죬ȫǹŷĶ֡
ȴ޷ŷȫֻҪŷ粻Ը⽲ſֻһֱ
ŮΪǿŷͭ߹ȥ


1744 ŵ
ˡһ𣬹ΣһӢΰӣòϡľ֮Щơ
ŷ֪ľĸףڣڻָˡùŷ羪ȵǣԷѾ˴۾磬ҺȻһǿߡ
ʵڵ֮УҲǼΪѵˡ
ܵϢɾ˴λľ㸸׿ڣ˵ԭ
ŷͷһϢ꣬Ҫɴ۶ѡ
Ϊʲôȥŷѯʡ
ػŵʬ壬뿪ľ㸸˵
˵Լ֣ľһ˫Ӷڹŷϣľʵʵ̫ˣȻо㻹δ߾磬ܹѹһ۾սҲסһ
ŷͷû˵ʲôͭף˵Ϊ˵ʬ
ŵй磬ܹðһʱŵ֣ס˸Ѫһʱľ˵
ŷһ£һд󹦼ôûκ
ô֪ģŷѯʡ
ľͭһۣ˵ܵϢõһЩŵļƬ֪һУҲΪһ㣬ҲԸΪꡣ
ŷͷһС
һд󹦼ĵ˸Ѫд󹦵£뵽Լ֮ǰĴ㣬΢΢̾һ׼뿪
һΪʲôľѯʡ
Ħŵʬ壬͸ķԼΪŷ˵
ŷĻľһ£û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ⡣ҪĻעҪŵʬ壬һд󹦵µǰ˵ǼΪصģһ¡
ľû˵ŷжŵҲһжҶԷд󹦼ʵǲ֪ôѡ
ʱ֪ŵһλǰͣҲİϢǰİɡŷת뿪
ľ֣Ҫסŷ硣֪ŷȻ뵽˵ڹŷ˵ǳҪȴ뿪ˡ
ľ֪ԼղŸ߹ŷһУǶԻǴ̾һ֪ôźãֻĿŹŷ뿪
ŮŹŷ߹ŮΪβס˼̲ס˵㻹һĵء
ŷ翴һۣҡҡͷ˵ǰʥͣȻҪأҹŷ粻ʲô֮Ȼǰͣܵ衣
ŷĻŮƲ죬ȴһִŷ磬еô׶һ˾ӡȻһЩʱЩС´ȻĲа֮
ŮʵҲһĸоǱСŮĸŷ£˼²ͬ˵ŷЩˣɱǵĸĸҲΪǸĸɽΪˡ
ĸ֮𣬲죬ǵĵܵ죬Ǳŷɱ뵽бĸж˲١
ŷǰ뿪
ŮǰΣգǴʱڹŷ˵ȴѾ㲻ʲôˣŮֱ߳ȥ
УһʮأδЩǳУȻ֮Լ
ֱʮ󣬹ŷͻȻ˵ǻؾݡ
Ů΢΢һŷ羹ȻתˣüЩżʮʱ䣬δҵĻᡣ
ܲٹٻȥŮʵ
ŷüһۺŮʵΪʲô
Ҫһʱ䡣ŮڣֻĿЩ
ʵϣһ㶼ϲﲻ칬ƽͣɱ¾ŮǳӦ
֮ǰǰͲҪ뿪ȴȻЩ
ŷ翴⼸Ůһۣȫһϣӡ
оԲŷеһЦҪ֪Ů˵ҪЩʲô΢΢ͷŷ˵ãǾ
Ůɫ֮¶һĨǶһۣû˵
ŷɽۣŲãأ۾
ɫ΢΢ҹ併١ڴʱŷͻȻ۾һ߻ȵ壬ͶĻУԷϻȣͳ˵Ҫҡ
ŷһȥǺӣɫ죬һ˫۾΢΢ë΢΢Ȼ֮мΪƽ
ŷһֱֻĽɫƽʵΪʲô侲˶ʮ㡣
ϲ㣬Ұ㣬ҪԼ׸㣬ΰۣҳΪŮ˰ɡŮҧŴڣһȵӣ˵Ļ
Ϊʲôŷʡ
Ůڻ壬ȴΪ»ݸӵľӣҡ
ѵūңϲۣңҵҲһϣܵ۳ҡŮڣ˵ĻڲȻ֮УΪƽ
ջ̫ˣŮίһˣȻ۶ҪĶŷҲһȴһѽŮ˿һ˫侲ޱȣźŮŷ˵ΪҲ֪꣬Ϊɱңֵ𣿶Ϊܹɱ𣿡


1745 
ŮɫɷףŹŷ磬ô֪
Ȼŷ˵ˣָ꣬߸õĴ֮סʩߵĻǣȻһͬ
ΪɱһˣȴҪ߸ˡַ̫ˣҲǽûʱĳУʧȥ˴С
ˣԵɺϵõȻһ˵İ֮£˹ŷߡ
ǸŹŷ缸ʮַ꣬Ҫŷͬھ
ֻû뵽ŷ羹ȻϤһУ֪һŷľܾǡ
֪꣬ȴ֪ǳǺʥԺһλǸŵĴмսϤһŷŷ絭˵
ʵϣǰ͵һŷҲ֪пҪСΪŮȷʵ̫һ㣬Ϲŷ籾ˣҲϲŮһЩɫĺԵס
ȻЩŷѾǱˡ
ŮɫɷףϹ⻪һԼ£Źŷ磬֮͸ĳޣ˵ȻѾ֪ˣΪλɱң
ҧԼվڹŷǰʱ˿̣ŮԼֱһСһΪһжУȴ֪ԷѾĴ㡣
ŷҡͷҲɱǣĵǱĻҾͲˣʹǺңҲҪ˵ĸȷʵԩ
ǹŷĹ۵㣬һֱûǸı
㲻ΪǣŮЩ𾪵˵
ŷͷڣĿ˵Ҫ֪˵˭Щһֱܵиڿ̽ңȴһֱûҵǸ˵٣Ҳ²ⲻĻǸӦþǰǵߵˣʲôʱһ֣ҾȻ֪
ŷĿȻںŮϣΪ߸Ůӣȴ֪˭ŷ粻һǿߣԼıԼھ˵һ顣
ܹѰ˲򵥣ʵǿ󿰳ƾˡ
ŮҧԼĴȴû˵˵ǸȻʲôˣʱȴṩһĻᣬȻûгɹվǰǡԺŮǲ˵Ǹ˵ġ
ԡ
ŷһ䣬ͻȻһ֣ŮҪȥסŷĹ
ΪǸõڣΪԼ߹ŷǸĻʹϢŷҪɱԼļá
վס
ŷ翴һۣԶŮͶ˷ֺá
һ̣Ůɴ۾ΪǸһ˴ŮӣҪ뿪
ŷֺգסǸˡ
ǰץˣòͷˡŷ˵ɱȻ
һָֻǸ˳ȴûгȥŷһ𣬽ŮǶ
ǸŭҶ¯
ɱ磬ȴҼŷ֣תߡ
¯úŮɫ԰ףͻȻ׷ʲô飬վǸ˳֣ҪԼĽץߣ¯Ϊûɱŷ磬ѾҴˣŮ⣬ϺõĶ¯ȻڻߣҲĺô
ƻʧܣ˱ҪŮʣµ˴ߣ¯ںŮ붼룬ΪŮڹŷǰԼŷ緢֡û뵽ջǱŷ˶
һ߾ǿߣȣһ˫գŭʩչͨϢȣ磬գɨһУŷĴӲ
ľߣԣ㲻еˡŷһԷǿߺ񣬵ǾԲˡ
Ϣǿƣǿ˼㡣
岻崴ūͶѡǸ߾쿪ڣ˵Ļ
϶Ծǿ壬һ崴ūͣǾһū͵ĴڡūеȺǿľݺͰһ̫ˡ
ǹŷȴЦм˵ҪԼ˵ǿ󣬱˲֪ȴǲצѡ
ܹΪߣǵҫЩ֮ˣһ죬ᱻɱһɾǸ߾Ц
ߣŷЦһֻ£Ҫɱ߾졣
˷ǳǿ󣬲һĻ߾ܹȵģȻԹŷĻɱҲܵסֻŹŷϵʥԽԽǿڸˣ忪ʼѡ

ʵŭһһ̹ŷֵĶͷϣ߾ֱը飬


1746 ع
ŷ֣һѪۣ߾ͷѪȻ
ѪˣǾǿߣٶȵĻܿȿռҪ»ߵĶ
뵽ŷ¶һĨϲɫ
󣬹ŷ翴Ůһۣҡͷ˵߰ɡ
Ůɫףδ뿪ЩԼһҪɱŷ磬ȴǶԷԼ
ڹŷ뿪֪ΪʲôûжоȻһֲĸо
ʮദǶڹŷĿʵѾ˺ܴı仯ŷûк˵̫ĶȴӰǡ
ŮŷնɱԼĸĸȫǴڣҹŷ籨ʵϸվסš
쵱ʱŷǣͲĸҲΪۣűɱġ
ڹŷãٶĳޣҲԵˡ
˿뿪ǲ֪ΪʲôЩᡣ
ǶվŷüΪʲôߣ
û˵Ůȫվͷһ仰˵ȫܳĬ
̲סҡҡͷŷ̽Ե뿪һ̣תŮȫԼһ䡣
֮ǰһǾͬԼŮԼ
ŷû˵Ǳһǰߺǰ
һ鷳ŷҪصݣ۳꣬ڻعˣھ˵һϢǼߺ
񽫣ߺɫݡ
ŷṲ̊նУѲӰ˷һϡ֮УŮ棬ȻͬŮһ㡣
һȺ绨Ůӣȫ˹ǹŷһȺӣǽŷΧסȻһԹӡ
ŮѾһ飬ǵҲ˵ʲôվɫƽ
һŮӴĺѩԵú֮УŮ֮վһ
ʮǰ˾ݣȻŮݽ˾֮С
ԯ죬Ƕ˵ĺѩ飬ףǹŷǵԩǵǺܴȣĺѩ
λþòˡһŮ߹ŮŮɫ̾
λȻ䵽һزһͬĸоŮ֪Ҫɱŷ磬ŵŷߵģͻʧˡ
Ůֻ۵Ů벻ҪǹˡŮڣɫƽ˵Ļ
ĻŮ˹ŷһۣ˵Ҫ˵˵ʲôŮݺεȸ߹ô˵ŮȻĴдǵݲ䣬ԸصɽУǵɽλû˸ǡ
ֻԸ۵ߣ۵ŮŮ˵˹ŷһۣɫӡ
ʵϣڶڹŷѾûжٺˡ
ŮŹŷ磬Լ֪ʲôԭҲΪŷǣҲΪЩ꣬Ѿϰ˺͹ŷһ
Ҳ֪һʲôӵĸо뿪ŷ磬ǿ϶᲻Ը⡣
Ůһ㶣˼ĿһŮ˵ͷЦ˵λ
Ҳ˽һùʣŷʱУȴһƳԴ棬ʱʵ
ȿȡ
ۿһŮһĳϡǺȻûԯɴֱ࣬Ӵһ磬ӵãûܹ淢ʲôˡ
̲סЦʲô°
Ҫ͹ŷ̸£ѯΪȴû뵽ЩŮ˾Ȼôӡ
һԺڣȻת뿪
ҲֻĺѩŮվҲǣҲǡһֻ˳Ҳ˽
ǿʱȴ̲סɫͨ졣
ŷϱ׵ȫӡһܣԯĴϣ˫ֻ
һĻ죬˶ǹңʲôʱЩ
ǼȻҪϹŮЩǼҳ㷹˼ĻϹŮ϶ѣǾ֪Ѷˡԯ쿴һۣһ˵
ڵӣѺһϹΪֳգʵ̫ˣŷָǲʵԯ춼̲סЩϢɫ졣
˵ĻȻʲôһЧ
Ϲ㲻Ҫԯ˵
ŷŲأһصӡĺѩԥһ£Ȼֱ˹ȥΧŹŷ磬źŮһľٶŮ޴룬ȻĺѩһΪ͹ŷ֮Ĺϵ˵ܸӡ
ȳȥɡŷ翪ڣŮ˳ȥ
зʲô飬û֪ĺѩڳ֮󣬱㱻ˡ


1747 
Ůɫӣǲʧ䣬ǱԯǣԼסĵطΪ֪ŷҪ̸ˡ
ʵϣݵ飬ȻԯΪߵҲȥʡֻԼʵ
ǸڵĻ𼴽ˡŷĵһ仰
оһŷվ˵ȥɱ
ǲȻǼһûгΪĻ𣬵Ҳ㹻ǿϵĻ治һܹĴи֣Ļߣǳǿơɫء
ذħǰҲȥȥӦò˰ɡŷüͷһ壬̲סʵ
ŵͷ⻹ֻ࣬Ҫɱ߾죬˺սһα𣬻Ǻаյġ
ҵһ֣֮߾졣ŷ˵
Ҳ˵ĻȻڵûǡȻŷĻһؿ˹ŷһۣ˵㵽״ﵽһʲô磬Ҹоûͻơ
ȷʵûͻƣ磬Ѿߵ˾ͷҲͻƵʱնǸαҾͿʼͻơŷڻش
̬һ
ûͻƱҪǹŷһ֮󣬻ʲôӵսĳΪ۰ɡ
뵽ŷֱڿһ
Ҳòǿ󰡣ô飬ǲǿĻͱ˸ɵˡŷ̾Ϣ
ŷĻͷŷʵ̫ˣҲǿ㹻ǿѾ֪˶ٴˡ
ŷĿ˵̤ʬߵλãг˼޵еƣҲȻġ
뿪ƣڵʵͰﲻæΪסһ
ҵ˰˵һԥûУֱӸŷ뿪
ߵϣذħڸˣǴʱһǿĴˡ
ڣһξȫ𡣡ݣɱȻ
һԲһƲ磬ЩΪĻָǰԸҲڻָˡ
ڰеİҲľˡ
ڲֻ֮еһСɣȻҲС磬ձȫˡذħЦΪħ棬ͲһĴ˰ɡ
ĴǿԵһƬ磬ɱֲƵĴǺʬ£ҵĹû߶Σա
ܿ£ǶһۣԷеء
ǰԶ֪γɵģǺ˿԰ŵģһҽУ⼸ղͣĴЩһǷ˲ԣҪˡ˵
ȻһطԻαôҵġذħȵ˵ﲻκιŽ磬ֻԵг˻ҺΣգһǲԸطġ
ǵʮǰʮÿһߵʱĳΪǸǿߣȻûﵽȻСûȥĵطǲࡣ˵
Ļ˵ͷһͷʵ̫ˣȻذħʶֻһذħһ˭û֪ܹ˾ٶĴڣԲƽ
䡣
ǰתǬƫƣǿں
ŷһȥһƬ磬ûʲôĵط۾ȻѾ˵ˡ
һܿµĵطѹܹһα߾춼ꡣ
ŷһ̾ӣƲƲ죬˵Ҳα־ᶨҪǻ㣬Ѿˡ
ŷû˵ûҿºڡ
ŷ˽һ£Ȼ̲סͷȴԲ˼ϸ壬ŷĳɳˣǻʵﵽ̶ȣΪһǿߡ
ڱϾһαĳһһʱˣѾ˺ܳʱ䡣
ŷɫأǸһȻ
Ϣ죬ֱӱӰ˳ǿޱȣǲȫεġ
Ȼֻ࣬ǵͷʱ򣬹ŷ¶һĨϲЦݡ
һöҪǲõĻֱԲԷ
ŷָ֣ʥ˸ʩչʥӡɱһͷ
߳һһģһӰķ֣ͬ˸˫ӡضŽδ·Ҫ߸ˡ
֣ȥǳѣǰ»ߵĽŷʩչɱһ߾졣
ڿ߾ʱ򣬹ŷѾˣߣȫҪһ


1748 Ź
߾죬ʺͰ׻ʣŷҪϵĶǣ»ߡֹϣһԥûС
ȻαΪͨ죬Ҳû뵽Լһ˹ʺͰ׻ʴǳҪŷĹס
һ̣ȴԼˣԷĹʵ̫ˣǿƵ˼㣬ǵϣֱӱǵͨ
ߴ𣬵Ѿá
ͨȻ̽˽ֱץסѪͰ׻ֻ߾һڣȴץסǵ

ʺͰ׻֮г˿־塣
һжѾˣŷ粻ҪɱǣҽһȫѪͰ׻֮С
ۡ
죬ֱоȫûλ
ŷ罫ѪͰ׻ץ˹Ȼֱ
һз̫ˣǸαûзӦȵǸαӦʱ߾ĸ֣Ѿˡ
쵰
αŭŹŷ磬ִһҪɱŷ硣
һж֮䣬ŷ˲ɱ߾죬һֱȽǿƵĴڣѾûеֿԷ
ʱȫ֡
ʮִںһ𣬻һĿɱȥʮ컯ںϵʣҪȼ
ذħҲ֣˫ħħྪ춯أµһ磬ȫһƬħ˾˵ħϢ
ûκηϻתֱӺ
ǷǳֲһҪһУȫ֣ԼµĹαĹײ
ﱻ貵Ĺûһжˣǿ֣߳סһαĹʱ򣬹ŷһʥȻֱӳɱȥ
αײȴû뵽ŷ羹ȻֱɱԼǰŭһָ絶ŷȥ
αǿ󣬾˵˼㡣һ߾Ҫ顣
䡣
ŷתʥѪ⾧Өȫͷž˵ʥ⣬һ̣ŷҲ˳Էײһ

ͬ쵶ײһޱȣ֮䱻ûȫˣһʤ
ŷҲòα㹻ǿΪǰѾӲǿߵĹԼײ̶ֳܹȣƾˡ
ŷˣû̳ȥĴǿ߽αΧסͫ
ǣǰնɱڵǿߣαǳ⣬ʹŷǡ
αף֮УֶȥһƬսֲǿߣԲ࣬Լ˵Ժ֮йϵ
Ƕնɱŷ翪ڣڵα˵磬ǸȻǿ󣬵Ҳš
ߣһӵϣҲ˵ĻǸαŭ
ڣˣΪڳļ֮Уֻһ߾죬ĶˣԼʵܹڳļˣǻɱ
ӵ磿ŷ̲סЦ˳ЩζĶŶԷ˵һӵĲ̫ĸ֣ɱֻʣһ㾹Ȼмǣ治֪ýǵʲôˣ𣿡
ŷĻ̲סЦ˳ֳƿ죬ȻǸαЦ˵Ź⣬㻹ĸ߰ǰͺ˵ĸ߰㡣
Ź⣬һǸαɫͱˡ𾪵ʵ㵽˭
˺˵ĻǸǰȫһһҪĴڡ
ǰˣʵء
ԣŹЩţɫ֮дһĨ𾪡
ֳɹһŹͻȻ֮ǰǸϣ˽ĸһ㣬֪һʲôӵĴڡ
ǵҾ졣ЩװƵĵͷ
˻
Ź⵹һŵˣȻǸˡȻΪǿŹףˣʹֻһͨˣû˿ΪҲǳ¡
Ǻܿ죬Ź㷴ӦЦ˵Ѿǻˣɨ޶֣ǰ۷徳磬һɵڣȴԲҵĶ֣ýҿɱ㣬еʱұܹΪĻˡ
Źɫ̰һӡ
̲סҡͷɨŹһۣм˵㻹ӣĿǳܹӣұ֤һľϲģʱЩϹ͵֮УԾԵ޵С


1749 ǿսα
ĻŹⲢϲ¶صɫһ飬ڸԼ飬ͱʾɵԼаѹԼ
ܹŹģûһɵӣһ˵ħδ̫˰ɡ
ǺǡЦ
Ҫϻնŷ翪ڣĿ棬ŹɫһαͷѪӦñȻ߾ͷѪҪǿĶɣ»ߣЧá
СһʲôҲ˵Ҫնҡɨ˹ŷһۣŹ˸ȻղŹŷײһȴΪŷĿԺԼΪǰסֹԲûնСһսĻŶԷסһ
ӵۣԽԽˡЦɫм
Ź⽫Լ̫ˣͬʱ˹ŷ磬׼ۣŷսԲС
ʲôôܣŹⶢŹŷ磬δʵľ磬ȻһۡȻνۣʵӦ˵׼۲Ŷԡ
ȻˣҲӦãϾԷδʵľ硣
ûʲôǲܵģķϲģܹΪαǳΪۣȻ顣ŷ絭˵
ŷĻŹһ㱩ߣȻ˵Ƿϲģ£ЩĻ͵ǿ֮⣬˭
Ҫɱ㣬𡣡ֱӳ֣ҲԸϻˡ
һֻϻϢȣ涼ڲһ쵶䡣
ŷɫ΢΢أԳ֣һֻȫ˻ƽɫͬնȥԷĴײһ

һ죬ָ䶼Ѫ䡣ŷ羪ȣԷ̫ǿˣһײȻ˺
ŷ粻֪ʵŹ𾪣һα𲻴ǿ󣬿һЩǿߣǴʱȴŷˣŷ֮𺳡
ɱ
Хȭգֱѹ¡
һǿźͰȻһα𣬵ͬԲɵֵ̬ɱ֮ʵ
Ź˫ӡʩչͨȭײ
˵ϢɳȥѪ
ڴʱһħѹ䣬˻ϢŹ赲ֻǳһĻȻɣһѪ˳
ħߡذħɫѿϳذħݡ
ҽذħΪһħذħ˵ɫƽһ̣ȴħȥ
ߣǰħߣҲһɵڣ㲻СŹŭ˫ֽӡֱӵߵǬᴩ˹Žذħħ̬֮бƳԭͣȻһĳȥذħæֵֵȻķɳȥϳѪۣһ㱻򱬣ܵ˲ơ
ǻƣʹֻһα𣬵ҲͬˡڹŷͻȻеңԼһɱ˶Է߾죬ȻĻսȥ˵˭ء
֣һʵֱ
УȻеס
ʮִݻΪµʮ˵ɱ⣬ϣޱȣԺɱһС
Ź⣬һ㶼ҵ
ʮ˵ɱⱻ棬˫ֽӡһ޴Ыվı壬Ҫ档
ֻء
ŷֱӺɱ淢⣬ֻ֮ڰѣԴ
ŹɫоԼԴȣȻҪˡ
ҹüķ⣬һѳɳɫĹâ˸Ȼž綾
ŷǿȫɫֻʩչž綾ķҲʵ̫ˣ¾߾Ҳᱻ˲ɱ
ŷһֻʩչֻأʱȴҵɫأһֻϣȻ˸ɫĹâʢۡ
Ǽƽͣ
ҽ֮ҽɶӵеҽɱԴŷٶã˵ʱ򣬶õ
ʱȴʩչץǸɫ
ԡ
ŹͻȻɫܵһΪΣգķµĸо
ʱ򣬹ŷǸɫײһ
ҽ֮תɫɫȻۿɼٶڣĿһһֿ֮ûС
ŹһѪ˳ܵԼϵĶأȻȫˡɱﵣԶԸ𾳽ǿߣöԷжȻԳûֻߡ
ǴʱһжûˣһС֪ʲôֶΣٵĳȻȻǻαĻĻûκв
Ҫɱ㡣ڷ趯ŭŹŷ磬


1750 Źͨ
ŷûüķ⣬罣նȻҪٵǸ

һ죬罣ƣǰѳҲͬ
һȻٵҵĻ𽣣ڿЦ𣿡ŹЦ⼸˵ֺɱ
ʱĴǿΧŷȻķϾҲһֻҲŹⷢ
ŷͨȻδȫ֣ȻŹܴв
ʮ˵ɱѹ䣬ֶΣ춯أȻΪαҲҴ⡣ϾαĻֻһϵ޵УͻȣĺԶ
ذħִħͣĳ֣ŹܴΣա
ħԳֹ֣ˣĲ
Ұޱȣ䣬ǲҪǮһͣĺȥɱŹ⡣
ŹԿ˵ĹɣѪڣսһµľ磬һԻߵ֣ȴʩչ̶ȵս

һ죬ŷٴγ֣ҪٵǸ𽣡
ŹЦ罣飬ȫҪɢˡһ̣Ŵͣһŵӣ罣޸ȻȸղŶҪǿ
ôܣŹ̲ס˵𾪡
㲻ŵ黹ءŷЦɱȻ罣һһεķɳǶЩùŷǲǷˣȻͶԷķˡ
ȴûз֣ŹŷײŹ⼱ˡ
Ļ𽣣ʹõԼβƣ뱾弸˵һģǱٵĻ̻ˣʱҪסĴǿߵĻɱǲˡ
뵽ЩżҪٻ
ǹŷ֣Գ棬ס˻𽣣ЦһղֻһײӦŹ֮ϵǳԲŻҪٵ𽣡
ҲоŹżǼӴ˹ŹֻзǶսûоԼĻ𽣡
ȡ
ŷʩչʥӳ罣棬ײ
̵ܶʱڣ罣ٴΣǻҲƣǿ߼սŹ⣬һѪ˳ݵĿһ۹ŷ磬ȫǿ̹ǵĺ⡣
֪Լ𽣱סˣҪٵ
Ȼϳƣŷָˡ
ꡣ
ܲʼ塣󣬹ŷ罣˫ֲͣû档
𽣳ױ飬ɢƬƮɢ߻ĵĸ
ۡ
ŹڿѪⰵԹĿ˹ŷһۣȻ˫ֽӡЫգذħɡ
һ̣αתӡ
ŷǶһ㶣ɫ䡣
׷
ŷȵҪǱһαˣ鷳ʹˡԷֻҪȻˣҲȻ£ǿ˼㣬ʱһûܹܵ
һ
ŷڵ˼㣬ÿһѪ⣬޾ӿ𶯣ŷû
ȻǶ𾪣ԶԶ㿪֪ŷʩչʲôͨǿԸоܾͨˡ
һֱֻӴӹŷ߻ζȻû޾֮

𾪵УŹ⾹Ȼץ˻ɫȻ˲šҪ֪־н˵ֶΣֻǿʩչŷȻ׼ۣѾΪαȻĻ𣬵ʵڹŷ֮ϣȴнˣܹš
ʥԺţȻ鴫ǿΪ׼ġŷЦʥԺǰ͵УһµĴС
ֻһܱͨŤץܵıԼǿˣһ£ǿĶ֣ԼӶأԷˣôܻԷץ
һͨδΪʵһôûУȴŷסˣʱʩչŹһҪ
ѾӳȥˣĻܱ׷ϡϾһαʵǿҪߣδܹ׷ϡ
ҿӡЦ
һ£Ȼ㷴ӦٴνԷΧס
ͨذħͷѵõĳޡ
ҲǹŹֵĿ˹ŷһۣһﾹȻŹֵͨʱ򣬻ĺá
޿ӡŷ綢Ź⣬Ц˵
ĴǿߣûһŹߵģһвɵ
ҪɱңҲҪ׼Ź۾죬żˣᡣ
ǳ׾뿪ϣҪ͹ŷսˡΪŷǸŹֵͨȻһΣǻᱻץˡ
ʵսδûʤϣ
䡣
սӰݺᣬȫΪµĹ
һս˶ƴˣʩչԼǿֶΡ


1751 սħһ
Χǳȫ飬ﻯһƬ磬ȫûܶνյأǵж顣
ǿ߼սѪȾ߻ġ
ۡ
ǿͬҲ򱬣úԪٴɱ
׺ޱȣĴԣȫƴɱȫƸ˵ġ
ذħᣬһ˵еĴħйǧħչһħ棬ŹӲ
ȫڹѣѪӿ޸塣
գذħУˣըԪ񶼲һķˡһ̣ذħɱֱԪΪƴɱ
ֺ³̶ȣùŷ𾪣޾Ѫɱһʿܹɵԡ
ڵĺܶν콾̤ʬǰУذħȣֱˣս־ذħĴǰͬһֽһ
ֺϣ״ʧȥЦݡԡѪǹܲҪȫ򷨣ԼȻܵҲҪɱ˵ˡ
ƿ񣬻Ȼһֿµϣ˲ֱӡ
ʮǰʮȫΪ˵ͻˣôƽı֣ġ
ʱƶʮ˵ɱ⣬棬ͣѹŹӲӲ
ǷͨĶԾ·磬ս־ƿ£ȻŹĽУҲеηηβһӡ
ʮ־˵ģȻĴǿ߿սα𣬵ܹαƵһǼΪ˵ġ
ϣҲҵǰףͻ𣬶ҪҵĽ£ĤݣʲôŭȣʱǱһˣǿ޵еϣϹＶǿߣõͻǿ߶ҪĤݡ
ŷ֪ս͵۾£۾ǿһ֮йϵǿ߰
תҲԲھԼ˵ġ
ݣһαУҲȷʵͬһϣС
Ѿ۷ˣǿƣΪ㻹ǰľ𣿡ŹЦɱȻҲȥˣӲƴ
Ѫͣش˵ϽȥһЩǳ棬Щǳ飬ֱʧС
ʵϣ߻ĵǳ󲿷ֶܹܻ߼ǿߵĲǳкʱȴסһѪɴ˿ɼ˵ǿ
һѪɱʣһѪնۡһֿµܣѾһĵܹ󼰵ˡ
Ѫƴȫá
ŷɱ˹ȥ֮ս׿ޱȣɱŹ⡣
ŹѪ飬ζһ㱻ɱվһգ˹
ĴǿΧȫˣŷ綼屬˼Ρ
и̾αȷʵǿ󣬱ȸոճĻۣҪֲԹŷǸʱսѹһ»ۣ֣սزȴδѹŹ⡣
ڴʱһħǹ£ֱӽŹⶴˡ
ŷǳһȻ˹ȥ۲֪ʲôʱں죬ٻħǹȻŹ⣬¶һĨѪɫ
þûɱĹˣֿԵóԸ۳һǿ˼㣬ɱ磬졣
ۡ
Ź¶𾪵ɫŻۣɫ֮дһĨ塣
ԣ㲻۷徳磬ʵǿ˶١ܿ죬ŹⶴϤһʵ
˵Ĳ˻ɱʵһز˺ɱû⡣Ц
һȻЩ⡣
ذħҲһɫ۾ȻҪ֣Ǵû뵽ġҪ֪Դӷһ֮䣬ɱ¾֮⣬ûκλѣûкֹ
ڣҪͼ֣ͬɱα
ʵϣŹҲԾȻ磬֮У˳ɾ۵ʱҲ̽۵һСǿߣѾ֮гˣȻҲӡ
õйڻ۵ϢǣֻҪûѣûͬ飬Ǵ֡
϶⣬Ҫǵսħһǿ϶⡣ЦѪɫ
ŷףΪʲôҪˣˣȻǱǿġŷ֪ţ飬һ㶼⡣
ˣɵеۣȴ飬ϣɱᣬȫ
սħһ壬϶Ǳνģۣʱ֪ôӹȥˡ


1752 ħ
һ˵еǿߣɱսħһ壬ΪҪͻƵ߾磬ûУȵ֮󣬲֪ʲô飬ҺޣҵӣҵĸĸˣҵĺӣȫɱҵͷģҪٵˣˣҼ˱ɱ
ŷǻȻ׻ΪʲôҪˡ
԰Ǹʱǿ߶ڣôûеǿߡüе㲻⡣
ˣһȺų޵УţȴסЩˣսħһ屻𡣡˵
۾ʱ̲סɴˣʵѵϱǶˣǻûеסЩˣ
ĻŷҲɴ۾ĻǾ̫ˡϱʲôˣǶסǿߣҲʵֲ̫˰ɡ
ȫ֣ǶˣϱҲһȻǵסԷֵΧɱǸ˵͵ҲֻеĹǸɶѣϹǸǿߣۿڣдһɺ⡣
ǼеһͻȻ뵽ʲô̲סһ
۵ͷɫء
ֲãԹǣһʱ䣬ϱǸһʱӦоһַţʵһ͹ȣǿгֵĻҲǸʱսҲδͻƿڳ𾳽磬ûо쵽Ķֻսħһ壬סȻ˵
ҲɺˣʱҲе۾ϱͻ񣬵Ƕľ֧֣סȻǲܵġ
û˵ǺȻܹܵеŭ
㲻öŭҲŬˣϱˣֻ֪صʱϱ˿δǸϼһƴˡ˻һۣ˵
ĻУóսǶôļҡ
ֻأ˿ûܵ˺ϱˣŷ֪϶Ǿˡ
۳Ĭһ£û˵ֻгŻħǹָŹ⣬˼ԣҪն˶Է
ǿ֣֮߳УΪǿսΧɱŹһˡ
Ϣ硣
ʲô飿ǿʿ˹ľǿͬһЩԼս߽׻ߣеѾܹĵˣǴʱȴһԼСĸо
ǾãԼսУ϶ڵһʱ䱻ɱ
۵ϢлۣںͲ֪ǿսʿӦϢΪʮǰŷͻһսֳĶ̫ˡ
ǴʱȴֶԵУʿ𾪡
϶֮ǿߣеˣɱڵǿߣڵĻˡһЩǿ߿ڸ¡
һ𣬺ܶ˶Ĭˣּǿߣһ붼вŷȴ֮սҪɱԷ
ʲôУ˽⣬ΪϣҪ硣
ŷǳ֣ػ档
ѪսǰﲻʲôæһǿƽʱԸκˣǴʱȴɫͨ죬һ
ڴʱԵúܲƽʱĽ˲֪ȥˡ߻ѪսȴȥɱСЩƽʱΪԼֻʱ䲻ȻԺԿۡ
ںܶףۣһ㣬Ƕ硣
䡣
֮һµĲ˾ȻʱɻʣϱһĹĳǹ޾ħ֮վ䣬ǿ˼㡣
ڤͷɻˣϢǿ˼㣬ѹһС
޾£Ȼǻ߽٣Ҫ赲ڤɵ
ѵǿͻƣ԰ѾɻʣȻȻǸ磬һжѾ㹻Ǵɵ찡׶ǿ󣿡һЩʿĿͶ˹ȥš
һЩовĴڣڳɵʱǻܵǴġ첻˳ɵΪвĴڡ
ڤХֱӳ˻߽Уħߣ
޾ϣδһ˺⣬ſһµĻ֣סһϢ
޾Ҫٵڤһжͽ͡޾ûڤ޷
ӽ쿪ʼΪħʡڤڣ춯ء
Яֱ̤߻С
ڼսڤ֣ħ£ЯſµŹû
á
ŷЦ


1753 Ԥƴ
ǿսһˣ߻Ķˡ
ŹƫųɾͻȻα𣬵ʵȴ˵˼㡣ֻǴʱȴ٣ԡѪŷɱı顣
ҵĴսҹ綼ڹעߡ
գƽ
ŷȾѪɫ԰ףһѪǻͷѪ۳ˣӵпֲܡ
ֱǵĵλͷѪһһα𣬸»ߣӵɡ
ãԪ񶼰ˣ۵ĶҲ붯һݲеӡʵϲ˶һ㣬ֻйŷ绹һ㡣
һ޾ԪûУıԴ
һ̣ŷ֣һɫɢһ߾鱻ɱǲ꣬ʱҪûɱǣȴŷ緢֣һлɱ
ֲֻ꣬飬ое㲻ǣŷ³ʲô⣬ǵͷѪ
⣬תָԼ
߻ĵǳȫһЩҪߵͷ𣬱ŷȫԪ
ʱ䣬ָʥⴹ䣬һĽȫûС
ŷֱ֣Ϊ˻ָ塣
˱ϵʥУ￴ʲô飬ֻǣµϢڸգǿ˼㡣
䡣
գͬʱվֳħǹŷ˵ͷȻ뿪
һκͱ֣նɱһĴУⲢʾѾû۸ıԼˣǲϲͬĸо
ذħڤ񣬴һĨϲ
˵ڤδ壬޷ơȻڤһϲս߾磬ܹսС
ڤɳ߾죬δĳɾͲ
뵽ذħ̲סΪһʦϣԼѧԼǿڤȻһˡ
СӲû뵽ͻ֮ȻôǿҾ֪㲻ȥģ뵱ǸڤذǰУȻֻعˡŷڤļ򣬾ϲ˵
ŷĻڤһЦ˵ˣ˼˰Ȼôţƣûʲôϡġ
Եе⣬ʵϳɾͻħ֮ǿ󣬾ڤԼûйƵΪԼܹﵽҰħǸΣпܲҰħȴһľϲ
ڿʼڤʽǿС
ŷͷĿû˵ܹɵα𣬲һ㱻ˣҪֻͱɵˡ
ʵϣջۺڤĵŷǿҪˮһԷɵ
αϾǻս̫ˣ˵˼㡣
Ц֪ԼһηһܴĴ󣬲һ㽫˿˽ȥЩε˵Ҳû뵽ֻǾαû뵽ʵȻôǿȻĻ𣬵ǲҲǺܴˡ
ʵϣŹαҲǿˣʵǿǻһα𣬾Բܺսزڼ̵ʱ䱻ɵ
ʲôʱ򣿡ŷ̲סһ䡣
һǾʱ򡣡ڻش
ֱҪһǾʱһҲ
ǿ󣬿ȵ۾ǹΪǿˣһĻ𣬶ҪĤ˵ֻһα𣬸ܱǸʱС
ڵУŹĴڣҲֻһ϶ѡ
ԣԵ۹ŹĲǿֻ˲Ǿֽ۲̫ȷѡ
һ쵰ذħɨһۣ˵Ȼת뿪
ʦ˵ĲڤЦ˵û뿪Źŷ磬ȥ硣
ŷ֪ڤĿģҪȥˡ
ڰŷ繰˹֣Ȼһ̤ϽɫĽ£磬뿪
ȥݡ
һǰݡ
ŷǹ֮˶һ߻ĵսʵֲ̫ˣľ¹ŷǳʲô⣬ڿƽǶˡ
һȺŮΧ£ڤһۣѾֲˣʱҲĽ˶ϲŮʿҲһֻȴûйŷôõŮԵ
ڤǿգԼϲŮһֱδʾǳơ
ŷ绹δԼŮȶ೤ʱ䣬ܵһشĶ¶һĨЦȻ̲סҡͷʡĵĶ
һ뿪ŮĴӵ


1754 ޸
˾һ𣬲ͣԷ֣δ÷ʹ֮һŮվһߣϴһĨΣҪȰ裬ȴ֪ô˵
ŷֵʱ¶һĨϲɫϽʦڤǴˡ
ŷȵһۣȻߵߣһһţ߿
÷˵͹ŷȣ̫ԶˣסŷĹ
˺ɳȥһײ벻ԶһСǳ棬ǸСǳֱըˣһֱӱߵ֮⡣
Ȼŷˡ
ڤţǣǾ֮оԵǿߣǴʱȴʵе㶪ˡ
ȻŷҲףŷִأûж÷ʱһЩͻǴС󣬵ݱΪɵ͵ìܡ
һ̣˷˻ڹŷǰҲŷһۣҪ֡
ǹˡŷһ
һ£ŷһŭݵʱ̲סӡòʶŷ֮󣬻ûмŷԼ˷Ƣء
ԴˡŷƢԲãǶԴԼˣŷ缸ûһŷˣ˵ˣе֡
ţǶԹŷ绹ǺܾηģվԭأҶˡ
ڤ͹ŷѣǿŷˣҲЩͷƤ飬ͬվﲻˡ
֪Ƕֵɣ֮УֵܣԼֵֵܶˣǵһҪһɵĻҶǲŷȭͷı죬Ҫ˵Ļֶסᱻĺܲҡ
ڤЩŭĿţһۣԹ˵ղŵˡ
ŷһ㶣ɫ죬Ȼһ΢ɡ
ǹƽȱ֣ʲô𣿺ߣԼûб¡ţЦ˵
ŭĿӣһҪ˶Էӡ
ŷüͷһ壬֪ԭΪԼͽܡһۣдһĨ֡
ˣǵҲôˣ컹һ˶ϰɣţҹŷɫࡣ
ŷĻͷȻ˹
վڹŷǰЩţҧԼĴʲôû˵
˹ŷһۣţԵҲЩţ֪ŷҪʲôƽʱ뺷쳣һʱȴ̲סЩڸķǳ졣
֪ʱ˿̣Ǿ˵ʱˡ
ţң㵽ϲ֮˭ǶϲŷʵţŸоܴѹ
һۣƽʱȻɫˣʱͨ죬ȴһ仰˵
ʦûҪʲôǽʦһ𰸡ŷɫ࣬ڤţ˼ȥˡ
ǾҲãҲֵֵܱ֮÷ѣճΪеĺãʵ鲢ټܶ౾ĺֵܣΪŮ˵ԭշĿɳ
Ų˵ŷü˵ϲˣԺǲǰˡ
ǹŷĻһϡ۵ݣŵʦ𣬾Կ԰쵽һ㡣
Ҫ
ŷ绰е棬̧ͷϽ˵
Ȼϲеˣ㵽ϲ˭ŷʡ
ֹû˵ɫͨ죬徹Ȼ΢΢
üͷ΢΢һŷ뵽һֿܣȵ˵ϲ˻һʱͬ󣬺ڤţǵͷϡ
Ǵţֲһֱûѡ񣬵Ҳûоܾǵ׷ĻǾˡ
Ź˵ͷ
ˣȻϲˣѡ񡣹ŷЦãû뵽Ȼһ
΢΢Ĭһ£ŷɨһۣ˵ȻĻͼ޸˰ɡ
ʲô
ǰɣ
ڤţǾû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ
Ҳǵɴ۾޸ˣ찡Ҳ̫ˡ
ŷûе˵ɨڤţһۣ˵˭Ը⣬˳
û˵ڤţǶŵģǧĹְѾٹˣٲš
ǶûĻǾ˰ɣͽ飬֪̫ͨˣЩѾһ𣬱ˡŷ˵˾
ɨһۣ˵˺ú̸̸ɣҪìˣԺһˡ
ڤţǺȫվֱŷ뿪
ŷ罫Ϣȥ֮˶ɴ۾һŮͬʱ޶Ҳ̫˰ɣҲֻйŷ⣬ܹĵӣҸж


1755 Ե
ϹϹˡԯ˹Цã˵ŷĶͷ
ԯĻŷ̲סЦЦ˵ҵûָоǶԸĻǾһΣһŮ򣬲Ҫ档
е˶ܳԾ͹ŷֵĺƽ
ΪԼͽأĴܲϲô࣬Ҫ֣ѡһɡԯֺЦ˵
ڹŷĻģܹ̣Ϊŷˣ˷ûʲôֵġ
ŲһһŮӣӦ顣ң뵽ƽʱʥţҪͬʱӵϹһֹĸо
ԯԲһظˣ飬Ҳеܲˡ
˵ˣˡŷ翪ڣһתضûС
ʲôֻҪԼͽԸ⣬оҸͰԸȻڤ֮Ҫ˳ĻǾ͸ˣùŷˡ
ԯףŷȻѾ˵ĻˣʹԼڣҲܸıŷ뷨
ЦҡͷûȰ
ţֻŷһĴָ
ԯݺվŷ֮УһĨľǾģֲڱŷԶԶƲ󣬱ûйŷ
գ˭Ҳûֹŷľһпʼţڶ׼˴顣
ڶ峿˵м䣬˶ܹʥϵĺΡ
ãѾˣܺãȻĻֻһҪ֮֮ǧҪìܣҪúõŷ˵
Ѿˡڤ˵
ó˵ҲɣҪ۹⣬Ϊ˺һǻȥˡ
ûʲôֹҺһ𡣡ţҲͬ˵ͲʱţһֱϲһˣʵлǺܸ˵ģȻһ߻һڤںֻҪŸ˾ˡ
ҧԼĴǺΣɬ˼㡣֪ԼΪǶôľףȴ޷ԼԸʧȥκһ
Լһ̰Ůˣ˵
ãλѼ֤֮ΪޣΪʦҪ˵仰ڤǣ׼۸šǹŷΨһҪôǾͿԼˡΪǶǷˣЩҪԼȥԡ
ŷܹģһ飬ŷˣҲﲻǡ
ס
ͬʱش
˶ûκηԣڳȻоŤǻԼף
ŵĸĸҲˣǱֻͨˣֻг֮ǲЩΪߣȻֻɾ
ҲţΪƽʱ͹ŷ֮仹кܶģǧʱ䣬֮ѾǳϤˣǲѡ
ֻǵ˽⵽Լԭʱ򣬶ЩΡ
ԼŮһֻһӢΰӣе㷢Σ֮еκһǿжֻǺһ飬ǿ϶ˣἤĲѡڣԼŮҪ޵ˣͬʱ飬һεĸоһֲʵĸо
ǰɣ۾ΪԼΡ
ǣһжôʵҲɾĸ֣Ȼ֪Լھʵξ
Ů⡭֪˵ʲôá
裬ǷģһõҸġ˵ɫͨ죬СһֱһԹŮʥϾʱȴľٶѹĸĸҪе㲻š
ҵİšŷҲڡ
˵زˣҲûʲô˵ģǺ͹ŷһʱˣ֤ŷʹ档֪ŷһʲôӵˣԲûаյ顣
뵽ڵͷԺҪúõദǧҪʲôìܡ
ллְ֣лл衣ͬʱڣڤҲĿˡ
ŵĸףսԼɷ˵ô׳ŮܹԵ𣿡
ۡ
ŷںȾƣǴʱȴֱӱǺסˡ˶һȫڿԡȻĸȻΪ̫ˣŷǾǲȥϤҲܹ˵ʲô
⣬ɱʵ̫ˣڳȫʧ̬һھƶ˳
һĻĸЩɻʵôˣ
ɫͨ죬Լĸһۣεĺһ裬˵ʲô
ô֪ĸ׶ʱһ㶣ʶԼŮģڳΪ붼ˣ뵽ԼǸ뺷⣬ĸԼˡ
һĻŷ̲סЦʵ̫˼ˡ


1756 ݵϷ
ɫͨ죬͸ƻСӣȻ֪֮ҪһЩġ
ֻǣɨһԼߵˣͬС¹һǲе̫̼ˡ
ͽܴϲӣҸɱŷ翪ڣ˵ע˹ȻĻŶҪ
мĿԼʦһۣƽһ¡
оԼֻ֣סţǻڤȫĿȵĶԼ
ٴκҲ޷ֹž״̬
һ磬ȵϣ͵ŷ̲ס̾һСڿ϶ʹˡ
ԯһۣû˵ĺ£ҪѾͷԺҸĻһԭġ
ȻڹŷľǺЩġ
Ͼʵ̫ھˣ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ŷԯĶ˵һ仰Ȼ߳ԯɫʱˣһҪȴŷһѱȻϢĵط
ڶգԯδ֣ŷȴˬһӴӷ߳
ɨһ¾ݣڤţ˹һøӣӲԶ߹
ŷһǵǰ
硣
ŷ硣
˺һȻȢ˹ŷͽܣҲûиıƺ
أŷֵʵ
ŷ⣬ţɫЩ죬ε˵ЩԾʱûг
ڤҲɫΣã˵ˣŷҲ֪ʲô顣˿϶ڵ̫ˣһǿʿȻ޷жˡ
ŵ㡣ŷ̲סҡͷ˵
ţͷЦǺǵ˵İɣ׵ġ
һԼŵģġڤ˵
֪ͺáŷתߣǱһӵ飬ҲùʣֻҪ˲̫֣ҲͲˡ
ŷ뿪˲һԼķ߹ȥ
âһһ˳֣ذħ˹ŷһۣȫǹŹֵɫСӸɵĺ£Ȼͽ飬ô򡣡
óذħЩˡ
ŷһЦЩʵ˭ģҹû֪ͨġŷЩ֣Ϊذħ֪鲻ˣŷûиذħذħȴ˹Ȼ˸ˡ
˵˭ҸҡذħЦ
ŷһ飬³һ֣Ǹ쵰֮Уû˸ɵĽŷġ
㲻Ҫһûأңҵͽܣʲô˼Ȼذħһƽʱ˵ĵ˹ؼʱ̣ȴرԼͽܡ
Ļŷֱˣû˵ذͷ˵ʲôҵͽܼ޸ͽܣôͽˣ첻仰˵Һûꡣ
һͽܣ޸ˣͽǻħʣȴȻȢһŮˣ㾹Ȼ˵ҵͽܡ
ӵˣֱײһ
˶˶Ƕ˹˵Ļʱŷ˽ĿģǲҪȥˣʡţǺڤ֮䷴Ŀȴû뵽ذħȻˡ
ҪܵӣһλҪǿǻӵġ
Ҫ˵ʱذħЦһ˵ɳˣͲǰˣСӣҾҪʲôϵ
ΪϲǶѾˣҹúҸ㻹£֪𣿻˵ҵͽͽܣޣڤǸҲаͽܡŷ˵Ϭһ㶼
ˡذħֱӶ֡
ŷҲֱӴ
˶ĿɿڴҪȰ裬Ѿˣʵ̫ǿ󣬳ǿߣܹ֣ʣµľһڤˣֻǹŷֳôĶڤȻûз֣Щ֡
ڤʵ֪ܲԼʦĵϾǶӦˡ
ǲ֪ǣһ˴µķ۳һ磬ڤڲ࣬͸Ӧ׷ʲô顣
һеʼٸߣǱˣ
ٺ٣쵰һװһһҪҵϴֵҿǵĺϷˡһӣʩչȻƲ֮У֮ļս
гһѹӣһྐྵӣһ߶˼սдЦɱȿӰҪÿˡ
ŷ˲֪ԼʵһѣǺһ˿ء


1757 Ϲϵ
˼ս֮·ľ龪֪ʲô飬۾Ȼذħս
Ȼʿͣ˵ֻд裬ӡ֤ԼΪ
ɺܶţΪذħ͹ŷ֮䣬ûйͻǰͺ󱲵Ĺϵ˾սϵҲǳá
ɱŷ˫ѹذħذħִħסĹ󷢶ķ
䡣
֮ϼսʵϣδµֶΣֻڻŹ
ǼսĳһʱͻȻһʹкŷذħֹͣսȫĿ
ڿϷɢȥĹӣŷ۾һַǳΣյĸо
ȿȣֵܣһжᣬֻҪֹЦϽ͡
ذħɫ䣬ĿͬϣЦұɻʲôʱôˣϢҴˡ
ЦЩ䣬ذħëȻ
һ̣类ٵڤЩɢҵ˳ǰ龰ʱЩ㶡
ʦôˣڤЩ顣׵飬˽ذħΪˣ϶ᷢŭġ
ǰڤħ沢ио죬ڣȴʦĶ飬ذħָ㣬һ콾
ĻȲ˵һ˵ذħָָ
û⡣Լʦǰ飬ڤԵ÷ǳ˵˹ȥ
ŷذħҲڵһʱ֡
ҽУҪߣȴŷֱӾ˻ǿ֣߳
˲
ģڤֵܡ
ħͷ̫޳ˣҵҸëҪק
ҽУûһ㷴֮һ̫ӣˡ
˾ȻĻһˣ˵ʲôŷĵ˵
ŷĻһ£ֱȻûʧȻһﱻŷŵˡ
ڤվԼʦǰһСӵӡ
ߣҵͽϱءذħߵ
ڤһۣһŮ˳߸ţǡʥϣһĨ˵ĺΣɢһּ˵ζһ˫۾ˮ飬һȥ޴飬˸оĶڼ¶
ܵŮˣȻһֻ壬㣬ʹôߵΪǣҪ˲
˶ǳ鴤ȻǿһĶڤţǡ
ţǺڤ̲סΣҲ֪Լеˡ鲻ԽҲûа취
λʦ𡣡ſڣŷذħ
ذħɫźÿһЩɨţһۣû˵ֻеĲܹġ
ڤһǵĶԼʦذħ쭣˺š
ŷҲǶذħֻҪذħҳ˺Լͽܣڵһʱ
ֻǣذħûдеôᣬֻһ˵ȻѾˣҲ˵ʲôֻҪסһ㣬Ҫίڤ
ڤЩôԼ˵һСŮһ
һŵͷ
ţû˵վһߣϾذħֻڤĳȻţ֮䣬ҲǲʶںȻʲôøС
СӣǳҲʶҲѣû뵽ǾȻŪһϵ߰ģԺúõһǧҪֳʲôìܡذħ˵
ǡ
ţǵͷ
ذħĻȻҲҶԷҲ˵ˣԼүүѣ˵Ҳǳ
쵰ľһʲô⡣˹ŷһۣذħŭ졣
ȻŭҪԹŷġ
ȿȣǰ仰˵ˣûпúҸ𣿡ŷָҲʱֳһ
ذħһҲǿദĲǿֵֹܹĹϵȻĻѾˡ
Ҳˡת뿪˭Ҳס
ڣ˭Ҳסذħһ§ס﷢쭣ŷɲٺսһ
ˣҶԼȥɣΧһʲô˼ŷɨ˴һۣ̲ס˵
ŷĻ˶ŷͶһӵȻ뿪
һƽŷһʵǸҲǺѹģŲҸ
ֻʱƴСѾͷȻҪ뷨ŷ˳ˮۣȻϵҲһɺϰɡ
뵽˵ദʽŷ̲ס¶һĨЦ
һ֪ûʲôö۴ԶϢˣȻѾ˴졣


1758 ʥһ
ô֪ŷ绵Цۣǳȵɫ΢΢һ䡣аһãŷ̫ϤˣһҪʹʱӵġ뵽Ϊսʥԯ죬ʱϢϽ˵Ǹˣٻٻһһ飬ȥˡ
ҪߣȴѾˣֱӱŷץס
֮Уڳڵв֮󣬰ϰꡣϰʱ䣬ŷʼǸ硣
ѾܵˣԼ磬Ѿߵ˼ޣٲͻƵĻΪͻͣͲǰ
ڻУֲԪԼ壬ŷ⣬һתпµĵ̺С
䡣
Ѫ졣
飬Բ֪ٷΧܲסŷѹ
һֿµľȻһ磬ҪˣڻУȴõģٲκ顣
Щħ񣬹ŷȻںЩ˱ħǵΪ˿֪꼰ǣŷҲν
ʵϣȻħ񣬶طΪŷͷųϢ̫ǿˣʥȣڵһƬռ䣬ֱӹһ硣
ڿٵأŷɵľʵ̫ˡ
ˡ
𶯣ŷ缡巢⣬ִ˳ϡȻЩȫӡŷС
ǰ͵Щ콾µģ˵֪ʽϾʥԺˣ󲿷ֶűѧյģĴС
ִȫӡŷ壬ԼĵС巢⣬һַǳʥ⣬ǿޱȣѹһУʱȴ˼ĸо
ɫʥǿһ˿˿һɢȥܹѹһ硣
ŷվ쳤Х˫ֽӡһȭ
ʥӡոտٳĴȫ飬ʥӡ޾Уɨ˲֪Զ
ŷһʥûй¶һ㣬ˣڷһ˿ŶһĤݵĳ嶯
ʥĺǿҸоԼսĻ𡣡ŷ翴Լȭͷ̲סڣ˵Ļ
ͻȻԭ򣬾ŷоԼʧˣԼںǿǲ˵ܺսǻǲܵġ
ǿߣǿ˽ܣɨһʱµĵʣΪǸǿߡ
Ǻţ޵УֻЩϹܹѹǣŷȻ죬εʱҪսִڣԵ̫ˡ
ʥһ졣ŷ翪ڣ˵Լľ硣Լģһ·ջʯһ߳һֽȻͬĵ
ŷһҪ뿪硣
ʱһӰס˹ŷȥ·
ŷ翴˶Էһۣ˵ùƤӶû̧˵ϣŷܵһϤϢ
һʵħǿߣһ˫ӶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ɱǸħǿŭɱȻ
ŷһ˾Բħʼ棬Ϊ˵һǿߣˣħʼйϵʲôġ
õʵѾﵽ˻߾죬ħʼʵƿ¡
ǾȡˣɱұЩǺŮӣ˭أŷЦɨ˶Էһۣɫ֮дһĨ⡣
ֻһȺ϶ѣǸȡֵģɱ˾ɱˣʲô𡣡ħǿЦһı֡
ŷͷ¶һԼѾ˵ӣ˵Ҳ˵ҽ㵱ϣҲϣɱǣҲӦѰ𡣡
ǿħһ壬ôЩܹȵġħǿߴг˷ŭ
Ȼڹŷ罫Լ˱ϣŭˡ
ұǿ˵ϣǾϡŷĻƽ͸ǿƣȴǸħǿҧ
仰ղ˵˼һߵϡ
ոս߾磬Ȼ͸ҽҵϣұҪ֪ʲô߾졣ħǿߣǿޱȣŹŷ磬ɱȻ
ŷ縺ֶû˵
ԷԼһʣҲֻͣһ˫ӶħǿߵϣȴڴЦһͷѪˡ
߾죬ּǿߣڵ֮вҲڹŷ粻ĽɫħһǿԼˣŷܹˡ
ŷǷ·𿴴ֱŭˣħǿߴСʲô̫ˣҪ
ĸֱۻӶ˹


1759 ƾ
һֻ貵Ĵֱ֣˹ȥ
ŷ֣ûκͨͷֻǴֱ˹ȥµжԷ
ǸħһĻ߾죬˲䱬飬ڷ
һͷѪ۳Ȼ󱻹ŷֻ֮䣬һ߾㱻ɱˡŷֱ뿪˻磬Ϊ֪ħһ廹һӿµϼһʵڻ𾳽磬Ǻܾ֮ǰɾ͵ĻʵʹﲻϱǸ磬ҲĺԶ
ŷڵʵ޷Ӳ
磬ȻȫˡȻ֪ΪʲôǹŷһָоԽǿĴڣԽǲ׽磬Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôָоģȴǳ϶һ㡣Ȼŷ뿪󲻾áһµӰܵŷ뿪ķʱǵӰ¶һĨŭݣȻ˵һ硣µˣʧ
ŷصݣһľĸоǲúʧףħһĻ֪Լһﱻɱ׷˹ȥͬŷԤϵһЩħ֮ǿߣǲԸ̤ġȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ڹŷ˵һϢ
ʵԽԽǿŷȴԼԽԽΪǿߣѾ̫ǿˣȫǰһ
һϢܹٵһ磬һѪܹһء˶̫ǿˣʹŷʥһ죬Ҳһ㶼Ҵ⣬еѹûмһ㡣
ˡ
ŷصݺ󲻾ãõһϢ帴ˡŴЯֶ
Щȫǻ߾Ŀ´ڣһϾ춯أľ
壬һ壬Ҳ£۾죬ǻ񡣡ɫأ˵һϢ
ʮĵʣŷɫҲˡ
ЩˣΪڹŷս߾ĲʲôȴףЩ̫߳ˡ
ʾǿߣˡ
һźţǿҪĻǿˡŷɫأ˵ԼĲ롣
ڳˣȫ̲סһ
ǿߣһα𣬶ùŷѪƴɱһ췭ظһֵĻܹɨǡ
˵Ļ𣬱ЩαҪǿĲ֪١ʹŹαҲٮٮߣǺĻȣǴ硣
ʵϣ֮УͻսȡʧܵЩǴڵĻȻǲαֻǻ߾죬һܹŹ⡣
ԣŹ˵ǿ
ڶ뻹Ǹǿ߳Ժ˵ˡŷɫأ˵
˶׹ŷ˼ּǿ߳һҪģɨƽǣκ⡣
Ҳ˵лҪΪĳЩԭδֻеȳˣʮĸ֣Ҳ൱ˡ
һʱ䣬ǲΪͻˣΣĿͶŷ磬ѾоˣŷͻΪһµľ硣
һƣҳʥһ죬ʵ˲٣ٿŰǸŹ⣬Ļ𣬶뻹ǲСŷ˵Լʶǳ֪ԼһΣ
ͷ̾һ˵ϱЩ쵰֪ʲôҸҿ϶һǶƵˣпǹⰲŵģֻǣڵʵԵ߻𣬻̫һ㣬ǵҪôƿ档
һ㣬벻ס
ԼҲڲ֣ǲΪһƬأԼΪֻҪʵ㹻ʲô鶼ܹɡʱ֮е飬ߣʲô¡
ϱǵĲ֣е㲻мģôƣʵҲǲܳµġ
ЩˣٵĲƣǿʵʵ
۵ֺǻۣ˭Ҳ˭
Ұҿ϶֪һ𣬹ŷ΢΢Щȣ̽˹ȥӦһˡ
𡣡ŷ纰
ţƵϴһĨЦݣŷ˵þòˡ
ǰǺܾòˣǰѾ˻죬ٶȣǾ˰ŷ翴˵һۣ̲ס̾
Էɲ⣬Դתģڶ̶̵ʱڣ죬츳ԣƾˡ
ʵϣŷܹܵǰٲڵǷǳ˵ˣԽһĻ߾죬ֻʸʶ͵ǿߣܹ͵


1760 
Ŀ˹ŷһۣЦ˵ȣͲ̫Զˣʵһֱֻܹѹҡ
ŷû˵˵ʵ飬ŷڵʵѾԽ˵
ǰղ˵ƾ֮ʸŷʵĵ⡣
˶Ŀӣر£ܹоӵʵˣ
ǲģ֮гһڤ͹ŷ磬Ѿ㹻ˣֳһӣȻ˾ޣҲ㹻¡
սǵ꣬ҲˣӸǿ
ǳΪϹ޵Уһ͵ģڳΪ֮ȻִͻƣϹＶǿսȻֻضǡ
ɽ֮УŻս֮УĪĻԵܹõĻƾ֮𿪿ڣ˵һطùŷ۾ʱ
ŻսȥǸطΣաǸʱŷ绹СڲһսҪﵽ˻۷ˣҪʶ𾳽硣
ǰĻӦû̫Σˡ
ھȥŷԥ˵
ڵʵ𣬷Ϊ֮УʲôвԼǡ
С𿪿ڣֹ˹ŷ뷨
˶һ㶣Ψ˵֪Ĳ٣Ǹطģ׳£лС
ʲô˶ŵˡ
ĵط̫ˣ⵽һʲôаĵطŻսòǻԶδĸǿߣϹɱǸɡ
Ӧþˣ˵㣬ʮȫǵͻ쵽˼㣬ЩϹﶼҪµĶˡ˵
ײ³ݣΪ˵Ǹط˽Ļֻһ
ʮʱ䣬֪˭Ҳ˵
СЩϹЦɫ֮¶һĨأ˵òùŷȥȡһɣ
ͷ
ɫֱӱˣüͷ˵ǼϼһǲǷˣǶûеõĶȻùŷȥãҿˣҲͬ⡣
ڱޱִŵȻͬ⣬ɴ˿ɼǸǶôĿ¡Ϲﶼûе֣ŷҲֹɫ
ȻľãԼЩϹǶ޷ֵĶǴɣ
ʲôŷʵ
ոտٳʱһϴڣ֮УĴﵽ˺ĵزƳһֿµĶɣشҲɱ͵Ǹǿߡŷ͡
Ȼһֶŷ̲סһ
ɱ͵ش죬ֲñɣֶʵֲ̫ˡ
úֲܿɣһϹ֣Ҫɴһͱɱˣһȫٵ˵һ顣
ڳˣˣһϹﶼһ㱻ɱˣȻӳˣǱش˴ùŷ綼̲סһ¡
ûбİ취ŷʵ
˹ŷһۣҡͷ˵ҲбķЩûиҡ
˭ŷһ
սǰǺѣЩ飬ȥ죬սǰָİͽܡ˵Ļ
ðɣŷǿסҪ۵ĳ嶯ôﶼԼʼ͡
ŷͻȻ뵽ԼľڹŻս֮п˹սǸʱսѾƵ˽ˡ
ֻǸʱ򣬹սûи߹ŷһС
ڣɵŷ̲סЦԼϵȻûһ֪Ķࡣ
иһ󣬵ǹŷҲ˾˵ȥŻս
¶һĨЦݣ֪һŷ϶ͬ⣬ΪڣҲûбİ취ˡ
ңǹսϱǵİţŷ粻ܱȫ档ٹŷԼģԼֻҪдȫܹ֤ġ
ۣҪͻȻҪվûгֻҪΪڶʱ֮ڣͻƵĻһǵĶ֡˳ŷԡ
ŷ翴˱һۣ¶һĨЦЩϼһĻǼȻҪȥҾͱȥȻ϶ġ
Ȼ˵ǹŷȴҧΪԽǸ֮Ҫĵһ£ˣˣϼһȴһ˵


1761 
۶Է˭ǹŷ綼ԸöԷԼˣһЩƣһŭ
˶׹ŷ˼Ϊۣʵһһ·ǿߵһڣȴ˰ԼˣеĸоȻܺá
㲻ҪϼһҲΪá˵
ŷû˵ֻǴɫ֮пԿŷûͻ
ҲûȰ֪ŷֲεţԼʶͼֵۣѱñ
Щŷ綼˵ûŭǼٵġ
ϾûһǿߣԸԼ˱ţΪǺáʿУѣȴԼɻ䱻˲ݡ
ڤŷͻȻһ
ڤһ£Ȼվ˳
ŷ翴ڤһۣ˵ǰŻսʮʱδֱӳм۵λãݡ
ŷĻ˵ɫˣڰźء
ڤֱ˵УûоѪܷڡ
ֻǽڣʵϻħʵʵǿ󣬶վھһģǹŷʲô⣬Ϊۣһܵ顣
ʦ㡣ŷĿڤϡ
ڤһˣǹŷŷʱ棬ڤ˵ʲô
ҲԲͬ⣬ţڤ˵ͽߣ׼ٴߣģͲҹŷĵӡŷ罫Ŀš
һֻܵͷ
ǹŷĵӣòùŷԼ֪ŷԼдΪŷԭͳΪһѰ׹ǣʲôʣˡ
ǹŷıˣŴΥŷ˼
šڤЦ
ʦġ˵ЩǸ⣬Ҳһεĸо
ڤȴţ֪ŶԼʦѾ𾴵һʲôزԶһһ㶼⡣
αأ˲ȥǸطȻôΣգҾͲţǶΪսһ͵𡣡ڤ˵
ŷҡͷһڤ˵սĹʵҲƺΪڼ̵ʱڣΣʱӲ͵ʵ
ŷĻ˵۾һĻ̫ˡ
ϵϲɫŷɫǼĵͻ𣬶벻ǸոմﵽǸΣִڣ̫ǿˣԶһճΪͻǿߣȻΣҲԲǵĶ֡
ոճɾ͵Ļ𣬺ѾΪ֪೤ʱȣȻһڳ˶ǳף֪ŷ˵ʵ顣
ǻܹȫָȫʢʱڵΪͻƵʥ죬пܺûǣϧ۵ıԴ̫ˣʹҳ֣Ҳڶʱ֮ڣƵ۷塣ŷ˵Ȼû˵ȴһεΪ֮пһת䣬һ˳ۿ϶ֵġ
ֻΪ۷壬ʹ֣Ҳô
ԣǸʲôɣŷ־ڱصá
ͳΣգͬŷ˵ģʹǹսϱİţ϶ҲһЩġ
ŷϧԲҲòĴ㡣
оŲŵİԼ⣬ֻһıҲ̳λΪ˲룬һҪ˵֮УҪһѹסŲҡ
ڤȫ׹ŷ뷨һȻͷʾԼˡ
ڤӦŷҲһ
վҪ뿪
ȥԯ߽
һǲµģֻǸղŵܵȻŹһµġ
ֻԯû뵽ǣȻùŷȥյġоҪߵʱԯվ˳Ҫ͹ŷһȥ
ܵһηǳΣգŷ粢Ǻģʼźˣʶһ㣬ԯȻùŷһ뿪
СŷֱӾܾ
϶СҲڣһԥûС
ԯûŷĻĿЩ˵Ҿǰ飬Һܲˡ
ԯˣ쳣ǿƣʹǿߣҲ˿
ԯͷ˼㡣
㣬Ҫǰ񡣡ŷ˵¶һĨЦ
ʵϣŷٺǳԯ죬⻹ǵһΡŷȴܹԯԼˡ
ȴҡͷЦ˵ԯСѾͷòȻ㲻ȥǸطһ˿ȥ
ԯüͷһĿɨˡʵ˭


1762 
ɫˣ̲ס˵쵰㲻ҪǽҲˡ
ӵһЦû˵˶˼Ȼ˵һǽҲƵˡ
뿳ǡŭ塣
ŷ翴һۣĳץˣǸط˼ɵ˵Բȥһ˾Ϳˡ
ŷãʵԼһȥһΣնˡ
˹ŷһۣû˵ӲȥˣΪ϶˵ĻģҲҪΪ汳ء
ŷôڵΪȻҲûô򵥰ɡ
ΪԼˣʮߴνǸطÿһζ˴ÿһεΪ۷塣Ц˵
ŷ絹һʮߴΣӦָʮֻʮһ㱻ɱǸŻս̫ˡ
ֲùսϱҪһȥȥôΣ϶ǳ˽⣬İŷܹȥܶΣա
սǰҲ˵ˣȥĻҲȥˣžе飬ֱǰսɣǣԶҪȫһ㡣˵
ŷսΣգжڻңɴ˿ɼڵʽϾһʲôزûǹսϹƺ⣬ֻҪצһԵ顣
ȥôȥҵɣԺӸһŪһЦȻŭˡ
û˵ЩϹ֮飬ֲڡ
ˣҪԹˣʵҲǣϻ̫뵱Ȼˡŷ̲סҡͷ˵֮УͬŲ
еǵЦ
ǸطΣյʱҶϣҪΪʲôˡŹŷ磬˵
ŷҲʹ죬ֱӵͷû⡣
ģͲܹһ¡һš
ŷɿһЩε˵㲻˵ԼˡЩȻˣҪ
ǲֻһ޾֮󣬻ῪһЦ
һķţԱֲͣתɱֻһĻһĳɾͣͳװ׷ˡںϵʣ߳Լ·Ѿ̤˹ؼԵһǴͷĻδܹɹ
ŷû˵ǿԿóɫû˵ֻ˽ŷ˶ף֪νĲģ϶ȥġ
Ҽʹˣ㻹ţһѣܹصģǧҪܡŹŷ˵͹ŷദʱ̫ˣȻܹŷ뷨
ŷ粻ֻ˵Ǹ뿪ˡ
ЩΣͷҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
䡣
ڴʱһɺƴĲǶһ
ʲô۾
ǵŷһ쵽Ϣ
һֱӳ˳ȥһս֣ɢµϢĵſµܡ
ʱս⣬һµĽǳˣ޾ߣŵϢתûʲôܹסġ
ôĵӡŷŭһӲĹǵ飬ŷ֣תʥ⣬ʩչʥӡֱս档
䡣
ǿĵսȻɳȥֱӱ硣
۾ǿߣƿսŷǳ֡
һ壬ŷĮأ쳹硣
ٴγ֣ս
ս⣬ɢǿϢҲãŷһûл֮ŷʵѾӽ͵Ǹ磬ƿص϶Ӳ۾ȴһԷԴ߶
ŷ磬̫ˡս֮дһŭǱǽŵ磬Ҫһ¾ݵ棬ȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿƣһ˫ȭͷӲѹ˵
ϣҲǰţСС۾죬ɱȻұ
ŷüķ⣬罣ɳһִתʥȣŷֱӳ֣罣ն˳ȥ

һ죬ս˳ȥ澹Ȼһ˿˿ƣƿս۾ŵùǺ
ôܣǲԼ۾ʡ
˵ҪٵܲŷЦ罣Ѿһֲ˼ĵزƿУͣ䣬ս𶯣治ͣسһƣȻܵˣʱδٵ


1763 ͶӰ
ǿ𾪣ǿ˴󴬺գǵתŵϢޱȣѹ磬˾硣
µӰȫǴ۾ĸ֡
ʿãӦûһһ;ݱгͻʱۺճѹãã档
ͷ޵еģ̫ǿˣȻ۵ҲԵúǿ
Ǵʱû뵽ǣŷһ׷ɱսȥ⣬ŷĹǶãҪˡ
գսֻܹǱӡ
ŷ׷ɱ罣ɨɨǬ
Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣǿһսǿޱȣȻҪٵˡһǿվھ֮ϣһĻ̲ס
۾Ȼ˹ֲǰǿˣһһҪùˡҲǿľܵ۱֮ǰǿ
ƣֲ졣
ʥ棬ŷ粻ͣһһؼ䡣սգʱȴܱߣĵɳȥҪˡ
ۻ֣̿ǷŭȻȴǱӴܡ
֪ԼС˹ŷ磬һʵ̫ˣ֪ģҪǿʮǿ󣬲ܹġ
ܲŷ˵ɱȻۣǣӵŷ綼ܹ˲׷ȥ
ۣҪ˦ѹŷ磬ǳѡ
Ҳ뷴ãŷ̫ǿˣսڵӵеǶǶ֣ӵеսҲһ
һ·׷ɱǲ֪ᴩ˶ٸ磬еʿ̫ǿˡ
Ǹߺ֣ЩĤݣĿȡ
ֱһһǰǲûмߣվڵǸ֮ǰŹŷ硣
ŷ֪һµϳ
ֻǣЩΪͻɵ
һĨмЦݣŷһֻ˳ȥ
ŷ磬ôĵӣǵ֮⣬˲۾쿪ڣǳŷ硣
ˣһ֣ۣȻĻ㶼Ҫ
ŷ磬ļա
ǽһӡŷУΪ۾죬ʵĺܿ£Ȼһĵ𣬶ܹ⡣
ŷȻǵǾùŷ϶û۵ս
ǣֺգʥ˸ֱսһ̣۵ɫˡŷһֻ𶯣Ȼսнץ˹

۾ʶ˷ʲô飬Ǿһ̲סҪ
ǹŷָ⻬˸۳ʥӡֱѹ¡
۾죬ֱӱ飬Ԫ˻ٴ۳壬ҪǸܵв֪Լ޷ŷƿأͱɡ
۲ضǣǲǱʾľͲ
۾ԱɱֻҪһ鲻𣬱ܹաʵԶԶԽǵĵˣֲᱻơ
䡣
ŷ֣ʥӡ֮ϣֻأֱӺɱǡ
Ĵ֮Уս飬۾챻ɱǷʵ˻𣬵վûãŷɱˡ
ĳһŷЦһδͷѪ˻
սƬŷһֻֻӶֱӶȥǰǸȥ
ڱ޾ѪŷȻסֵƬ滹ŷӳ˴
һȺǿӳǱӴܣŷ綯֡
ղѾˣͬ飬Ԧŵս޷ŷ磬ɱҲûáʹ۾죬ҲֻͲˡ
ߣһǱӣ±ȫ
ŷ绹׷ȥڴʱһµӰס˹ŷ硣
һڵеˣݣǸ˵ĸоȴǿ
ŷͫһֹס˲
Ǻˣŷʡ
һʼ棬ԺǸ˿ڣ˵Լݡ
ʲôϵŷ̲סʵ
ҵĸס˵
Ļŷ絹һצãֲôǿʶ˵𾳽硣
ŷо˸ͻȻڣ㲻
ǰֻһͶӰŷܣĶϤһ㡣һ֪ǿߣûȻĻǰˡ
һͶӰɱˡǿƣ˵һŷС
ҿ˵ܿ𣿡ŷ̲סЦ
ȴûЦֱӳˡ
һѹϵĳǹ۳ֱŷ綴ȥ
ŷ֣罣ɨ볤ǹײ

һ죬ͬʱˡ
ŷ۾Էǿ󣬳


1764 
ʵеҪǿĿڣŹŷ磬дһĨм
Ͼǵ𣬾Բ׼ܹȵģɱ׾١һЦɫһ
ĻŷЦˣһԼȭͷЦʵ֪ʲô𣿡
һ㶣Ȼ˵ȭͷüͷ֪ŷʲô˼
ȭͷרġŷ˵Ļһȭ
ʥ죬ûһУȸղŸӿֲ
΢΢һ㶣Хᣬǹŷȭͷײһȭͷǹ⣬ŷ޾ĵ֣ǵķǵĵ쳣¡
˵ˣȻٴγɱȥ
ŷֳ罣ֱ䡣
ǿƶԵҪն˶ԷȻֻһͶӰǺͶӰһսŷܹƲ⵽ԷĴʵ
ﱻǹӰûӰڼսͣ
ʵǿ󣬱һ𣬶Ǽǿ֣ʱ֣źɨŽǡ
һʮ綼ѡ
ǹȥһɱΪ貵ǻԣǹŷ֪Щǳ£һϢܹٵһ硣
ɫ΢΢أ罣һУͳǹУȻŷһХ飬޾򣬽ûһȴûܵʲôˣһЦһ㹥áĿȻǹֱӳ˳ȥЩȻɱ
ֻأת
ŷȣʩչֻأµֻ֮Ҫǿнֻ֮УҪתΪһˡ
࣬ͺЦſһĻסһϮ
ɫȻվֻأһʵ͵ı֣Ѿǿ󵽣Դֻصĵزҹŷ⻹ֻأֻһֻͨأĻǳԶ
ԣվɫȻŹŷ磬һĲм
ŷҲЦˣһֻ̣֮ɱ⣬ϡ
ֻԵƿ¡
𶯣嶼һ㱻ˣȾѪȻʵģǿԿóܵ˺صĴˡ
䡣
ǿͨ˳壬Ȼɱȥ
µɱ⽫ŷûʱֱ޲ýŷҶʣ
˼սĻ籬飬ǲ֮ȴм̸԰ȭɱ
ڤХͬʹóǹȥǹӰ޴һͷգµ˼㡣
ذħǿ˫һʩչħͨɱ
ͷ֮ϣʮִȫѹ
ħǹ˹ǿƶԵһ֣һԥûУɱ
Ҳˣûг֣ţ֮ϣǰһĻͣĵͷһӡ
СӣҪװƣҾ͸㡣һۣܲ
һЦƵһ壬ֱһϣһĻ̲סһ¡
ΰ£̫ͨˣӵʵȻ΢һ㣬Ҳ٣ͻȻһ֣ԲǶ֡
뵽Ҳ˵ˣаֻҪ͹ŷйϵˣһǱ̬һСӣȻҲ졣
һ壬̫ͨˡ
ôĸΧȻҲɫ޳ܣֵĻһ̣ͱ㱻һƳУԴˡ
޳ܣһݶûС쳣װƵ˵ֶһԼʱһͷߣЦӲɲĶ֡
ߡ
ŷһǰӰһ
͵˭㰡ŷһ˵
ŷĻ¶һĨϲɫֻҪŷǴӦͲôǱˣʹǹŷĶ֣شŷ磬ٵһֵĴԴܹġ
һ˵һȺŷٺٻЦ
ɫ֪࣬Լ˦ˡ
㻹˵ʲô壬ǿЦĵˣɱ㲻˵ֵġذħ
һȺ˼֣Χ
ΪӵģǰҲĵˣҪأǿҵһĻʱ״е뷨
뵽Լ˴ʼΧͺˣĵˣ治ô׵ġ
ֻҪվǸλˣ͵űΧɡ
ǿͬͶӰһٵı򱬣ϢƵޱȣδǵѹơ
ĵ٣ԺɨŷǣһͶӰȻûսġ
գ򱬣ʧ֮䡣
һġ֮УȻŭ


1765 
ŷ仰ôô졣
ڤֹΪԼǻ̫ǰģٻĻ䶼ʶ㡣
ŷȻԭǸԶץļһĻֲô졣
һ鷳ڤȴĿŷ磬Щ⶯˵ҪҪȥ壬ǸͶӰҲɷˡ
͵ֻǵͶӰڤһֳ嶯
ڤһۣŷҡͷУΪǳͿΪΪˣղǸһǱҴˣ׼ʱһ˻ˣ˭Ը⵱汳ġ
ŷĻ˶ҡͷЦһͶӰǿɲһٵ顣
ԣҪô࣬һγ֣Ҫʵܳʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣõǻҾݵ鷳ŷ˵ĿĵģҪԼ磬ɱһͶӰչֳԼʵ
˶ЩˣǱ͵ģŷ뿪֮ЩһҾݵ鷳
ʵϣȻʣʮʣڹŷ뿪֮ȻܹԾɺܴв
ϾԷһս˭֪ûлս
Ҫģǵȹŷǻ
ãףİɣֻҪڤڵһ죬˭Ҳ𺦵ݵ档ڤ˵
ŷ翴ڤһۣ˵ͷͬʱ뿪
Ҳȥˣڤɫأ֮УԺҪһֱֱŷعС
ֱӽɽ磬Ȼ̤⡣
ҵŻսֱӽС֮ǰһʬȫǿߣ硣
˽УɫЩأ˹ŷһۣ˵治ǺΣգֻǿ߷ʬҲҪ⣬طаȻϹˣҪǲעĻҲҪ
ŷͷһ㣬˿⡣
ǰУǰȻصʬ߳ûжԶһµĹ˳ֱŷ綴
ŷ֣ǵ⡣
ǽڻʵǿģڹŷ˵첻κв
߳Զˡŷʵ
ǵһԼû߳ԶʬգԼһΣѾôԶȴһĶûУȻе㲻
ǿһˣõģҲֻһ߾Ķɫ΢΢أĿǰܵһаϢڱ
ŷҲоˣһ飬գƣֻǻɫǺɫģԵúܹ졣
ǿߣŷ羪ȡ
飬ǻ߾ĴڣִڣǷǳٵģҪ֪岻֮飬Ȼǰǿ󣬵Ǻڳɳȴǳѣһ˵߰죬ǵļޡǺѴﵽ߾ľ磬Щ֮еĻ߾죬ʵ϶ˣǵĴߡ
Щ˵ֱ˵ū͡
ˣǿߣŷܹܵǸʬϢ塣
崫˵еǸˣžޣϣΪһһû뵽ȻǳǿǧҪ⡣ڣԷ
֮УֻһˣֻǺܿϧδͻƣ˹Żս
һ˽ܣҪͻƵĻҲĵˣǲҪϧˣն˵ɡŷ翪ڣǸʬԼ˳˹
ͷֱӳ֣ʮִͷ֮ϣȫѹȥ
ʮ˵ɱ⣬ޱȣȫ£ѹǸʬ档
ۡ
ǿߵʬ飬ٵ˰ߡߣȻɱ
𾪣ЩѪ⣬Ȼַ˻ȥһ޸塣
еŹ֡ŷ羪ȵ˵
ָʥ貣˳ȥֱӽǸǿߵʬ顣
Էǰǿ󣬹ŷϣֻԷԪ٣ûͨѪɿݣûлǰ̫ˣɲв
ŷ籾ΪԼһνǿʬ飬Ͳٻָʱŷϣһ̣ǿʬգٴγǰ
ôܣ˶¶Ȼɫ
˵֮ǰа壬ûб飬ҲͲ˵ʲôںȻģŷ糹˶Է壬ǸǿߣȻˡ
ղһѪУһ⣬ѵбԲȵ˵
Ҫֱֶˣ屻飬Զ飬ҿǿߵӣȻûκġ
ֶӵһ֮
˶һۣԷеĻȡ
䡣
ŷ֣ٴνǿ顣ڶԷıĵطһ⡣ֱǸסŷҪ
֪ͻȻֱ֣ӽض˹ŷ


1766 Ѫؽʬ
ŷ羪ȣ֪ʲô˼
Ǹáһסŷ磬뿪ٶȺܿ죬˲ϢٶȺȴѾƼˡ
Żս֮гΣҲʮߴνȻÿһζ˶飬ǶڱԵһЩǺϤġ
ʹˣ˲ϢҲǷǳΣյġ
ǿһﰡŷɻǸԻٵУ˵ԺսͲҪκι˼ˡ
ȷʵǱҲħǽɻ飬һ˵УΪߣȻǻ𣬶ҪɻǣһЩϹﵹǿԽȳһСĵĻҲ˵ġΪŷ͡
ԽǱı󣬺ܿŸΣҲµĲĻǸǿ߸ɵĲǱˣɻ飬ɻڣȻ󱻳˻ԪƿɻڣǷǸղͻһɻڣĻɻֻһɫء
ڱԵΣգû뵽ġղ˹ŷһѣŷ»о޴Σա
ôаŷ𾪡
߻ǣǸΪǿ˳֣Ի𣬺ųƲ಻𣬵ǾȻסһɻ飬ɴ˿ɼɻı̬
ⶫҲ˵һ챦̫аˣȻЩϹԸǡ˵
һϹﶼǵ챦ŷеһ
кףЩܹϹļһΪǿˣϱ͹սˣˡ
ˣɻ飬ŷԼղĽɻһʲôӵĽ
Һҡŷ˵
ұ˽Ķ࣬ǧҪ֣ЩõĶʵаҪºܶ౶
ŷͷʾˡ
ʲôطŷɨһۣȫǺѹѹģǱѪȾȻѪɺһ㡣
ע⵽Ļľ̲֮סһģѪôܵˣãǿߡ
ɫ䣬ʲôֲһ
ŷһҵȥڴʱкɫĴأȫ⣬γһµĳ򣬽ǽУǷɲȥ
ˡɫѿ
ʲôطŷҲеأȻ֪ʲôѪأǹŷܹܵϢʲôõط
һŵӣȻܿ¡
ѪȺħǿħͷɫѿ
ɵħͷ϶򵥡
ǰΪԳȥڲУǿˣǸͶӰЩͷ۵˵
нϱ͹ս˶ˣ͹ŷ˻룬鷳ˡ
ĻѪ𶯣һħӰȫǱ˫ᣬŹŷǡ
ʬ
ŷ羪ȵ˵˾䡣
ЩνȺħȻǽʬЩ⡣
ǽʬѪȺħЩһѾˣ֪һѣҲһͷʬЩ콩ʬȫһЩ쵰̫бˡüͷţͷ۵ɨһЩʬȻε˵ɡ
ֻɱЩʬɱǵͷ죬ѪȻ飬ǵʱܹȥˡ
һѵսΪǰĽʬϰٸȫǵǸεĸ֣ǿʮͷǶǻ߾Ĵڡ
Щʬ˹ŷע⣬Ŀⶢһͷʬ
Ľʬһһͷʬһѩ׵·ûһգ֮⣬Ȼεģò쳣ϸͿ˿бĸо
Ǵͷʬϴвȴصģùŷ綼ܵһѹ
Ȼʬͷ죬в˵ʵ
𡣡
һͷʬ̲ס¶бɫȻ
ŷ翴ͷʬһۣⲻһһĽʬ㲻ǿֱһƳȥͷʬϡ
һĽʬֱӱ飬Ѫûд̱ǵζһֵ㡣
Ȼгɵǿ֮µʬȻʬаҲ޷ʧѪҺеԡ
ŷһ֣ϰͷʬȫ
ϰٸʵĳŷһܵˣֳоŷԥֱӺ˹ȥǲܵĻĻҪ顣
ɱ
֣һչ
ŷֱӴսսףٻ罣ɨ


1767 ʥѪ
ͷʬɱһ̣иĽʬʵеˣ̲סľ
Ҫ֪ЩɶǵǸĴڣȻֻɱ¾ܣħȻܿ¡
رǽʬӲµĵزŷҪɱǣҪʩչȫ
ǱҲ֣֪ʲôʱȻҲҵһⲻǳһ߲쵶һնܹɱʡ
˶ʩչԼֶΣնɱЩʬ
ʬûжվǸ͸ܲǰһһǹŷǣȴһľĸоԽǵĸоԽΣա
󣬹ŷǷһµǻɱЩʬٴδӵ˳˹
ԣĽʬǲġҲһ㣬̲ס󺰵
ŷɫأͷǿĽʬɱʵ㲻Ǿֵطô᲻
ǸʱֱһָͷȥѪضˣȻ뿪˭֪ᷢ顣ҲЩ
֪ǰΪΣոûзϣνѪأסһ
ŷЩ㶣ʶǰÿһǻ͵𾳽ǿߣĵطҲס
ԣעطǺġ
Ļһģǲڣǵٵ۷ˣֻû뵽ԼȻǰˡЦ
һδ׼ã㱻ƽˡΪ˹ŷ磬Ϊ磬ðգûа취顣
Ϊϱǵƣûŷǰɻ飬Ҫ˹ŷ
ȫϼһɵĺ£ҪǽЩצɱˣõͷۡŷҡͷ
ŷĻһͷʬĹȻɫɨԷɱſ˵ɱãЩ㲻֪צڣҲҪԣȫɱ˵Ļ棬һΣյĵز
֣ŷоһ뵽һֿܣĿ˹ŷһۣͷ˵ĹצǺܴһڹؼʱ̣Էֹ𣬲˵Щûʲôãǻôڵɡ
˻ɱһһĽʬǺܿ죬ЩնɱĽʬٴγ֣ͷۡ
ɱǸģܸоڿһСŷоһסǸʬ졣
ȥɱڣӧ
߲쵶ȥɱǸʬ졣ʬӵһǻۣȻܹȥȻһֱֻ˳ȥȥ
Щ⣬ʬͷ죬е㲻ͬѰӦǣĽʬһֻɱ¾ıܡ
߲쵶ֱ˻Ȼٴնסʬͷ֡

һ죬ʬͷ죬Ȼһƶûܵʬ֮Уȴһʥĸо˸оܹ졣
ȴ⣬۽Էٴγ֣߲쵶գٴն
һ߲쵶⣬һֿµ£Ǹʬ쾹ȻܿˣȻһĳХ
䡣
ǼսʬʵǱ֮ȴǲ˲٣ʱѹƣ·硣
ͽʬͷʱ򣬹ŷ緢һЩѾɱĽʬٸҲûдӵص
ЩʬĸǺʬйϵնɱЩʬŷ˵ʼ֣ɱһһʬ
Ǹʬ죬ҲʶʲôʼˣڷһжãնɱĽʬٸܿĽʬ˲١ϾǿĽʬҲ߾Ǹս
ڹŷ˵ֻҪΧסɱЩʬһ¡
ս˰죬ЩʬȫɱǸʬ죬ҲѹˣҪܡʵԽʬͷ죬ǶԷʵǿѾٵ˶Է
𡣡
ŷҲΧ£ˣǸʬͷ죬ͻȻӿ³һѪһµӰֳһǡ
ŷҪ֣Ѫȴסŷ磬ҡҡͷɫЩӵĿһǸʬȻ˵߰ɣҪɱ
ŷһ£ʲô˼
ʥѪû뵽ȻֲữѪء̾Ϣ
ʶŷЩȡ
ҡͷһͷʬ죬˵ûУǴѪ֮ϳˣϹǸǿߣ˵һצһսʧˣ˭֪ȻҲûг֡
ĵˣֻǱɱˣ˽ʬ
սǸ˭ŷ̲סʵ
ſ³һ֡
ŷһǸˡ


1768 սı
ֲʥѪᱻɱԺսһսǿߣܹսܶԷǲˡ
һϧˣϣܹѪ֮Уٴλָ飬Ҳܹع顣̾Ϣ˵
ĻŷͷʥѪĽʬһۣת뿪
ʱѪصϣѾ÷ǳһ˳ȥ
Ѫ֮УֻʥѪĽʬĿĶŹŷ뿪ķĿ֮Լһ⣬ȻûѪ֮Уʧ
̫ΣˡŷɫأڼʶΣճ̶ȡ
ŶԶΣգɻѪأǳ£ǹŷֻһĻΣգпҪ
ֲڴµĹŷ˵ֱһء
Żսأŵһء˵
ĻŷɫһȻ˵ǿɲڳȥȻĻ͵ƴˣҾĻϣȽϴ󡣡
ԣϼһﲻȥģ󿴡ʼ磬Ȼ濴һۡ
ŷЩӲת˹ȥȻŷǳ鴤ˣǵĺ󷽣ʮӰ֮ϣĶǣȻδ֣Ȼͨ
ʲôŷʵܵʮӰʵȫͶӰʱĻ
ϱĿܣֻܹһΣʵǳǿ󣬵סǻع飬Բ⡣Це˵
ŷ˵ֱǰȥ
ɫ࣬۾֮мҪˣ϶̫ˣǶĺ·ԵĸҵɣͲóˡ
ɣҲһһܹųȥǵ۷ʱҪϼһ趼ʶǣȻǷŻսŲУ޾¡ЦӵԹţˣ۷ʱڣҲδܹѹǡŷЩۡ
ϼһʵѾǷ켫ˣһ¾ܹƽˣ˵ʵ̫ڿ£ضɱ
Ҫ۸ϼһɲһ׵顣
ҲЩۣʮϵ۷֮󣬿϶ܳԽԼȫʢʱڣϹûκơ
ڽҲһ١Ҫǣ뻹ǲܡ
Щƣ˵ǰС
ǲ
һ·ܰȫʱһ׵ֱˡ
ŷһʩչ׵ĵطԶɽӱ飬ȻˣŷҲһһ㱻ˡ
ȻҲӦǱϾǹŷ磬Ϥ׵ֱӱĺɳȥ嶼һըˡ
ģײǺ𣿡ŭɫ˵ķŭ
ļǵã֮ǰʱǰ֮ǰŹŷ磬ĿǸطû뵽ԼΪȫĵطһ¡
е㲻ͬѪسǸطһеЩȻżȻ
Żս֮зʲôı䡣ŷһ²˵
ôܣŻս겻䣬иܣƴĽͣпܸıǴ޾֮ǰ֮⣬ûиˡ˹ŷĲ²⡣
Ļŷ뵽һˣǾǹս
սµķ˵ܵĻֻйսһˡ
һʼŷЦ˵
һ£Ȼ̲סƿڴĹս㺦ˣ鷳ˣʹҴţҲδܹ߳ȥ̫аˣǵʵӦΣաɫѿһŭˡ
֪ս϶ͬٽ
ʮӰиһŭ˵Ȼǵĺ·˾Ҫȥˡ
ֻܹǰߣһֱֱܹɵʮܡֻǣܹ˵ģȻŷΪͻƵʥ죬ȥ֮ԵͻҲǰϹ
ǰߣ÷̽·ˣߵ˵ڼˡŷ翴һ
Щ˵һظһ롣
ŷһ£Ȼһ仰˵ֱӷųǰȥ
Ҳףֻѡָŷ磬ͣǰߣȻ﷢һЩ仯ָ㣬ϹŷԷ̽·ûʲôΣա
µʱ䣬߹˵һء
ڼ䣬ŷķն˺üΡ
ڶغ͵һͬһռ䣬ֻǵڶعŻսǰɫѪζǸո̤Уܵ˹


1769 һǿ
һεĽŷ缤ٵ˼㡣
ùŷһ֪ķطȴδܵνȻٲűһֲ
Ϣŷһֱӳ֣һ
ȴûܵκιǰһ⼣߰ߵĳֱָŷ硣
ˣ֮УȻһӰ֣һ˫£Źŷ磬˾˵ɱ⡣
ŷֱһƳ˳ȥԷѾˣֻһԹɢھˣźܴԹԸӦѪŷ

Ǹ⼣߰ߵĳȻס˹ŷһδѡ
ֻһӰЩģƿųֱ䡣
ŷ羪ȣǰǿƣʵǿ˼㣬۷ǿߣʵǿֱ׷
ʹһѳѾ⼣߰ߣŷһδٵ
ǰеĶǿߣŷãɱǿߵˣ˵Ǿݵǿߡ
սңԶĹȥ˶ˣû֪
ԣ֮䣬ʵ˵Ѫġ
ٴնһִҪɱŷ硣
ˡŷǳ⣬ָֻ˸ֱڳ֮ϣȻһ죬顣
ǵӰĿ˹ŷһۣ˺⣬ʧ
Ʒߵﶼᡣ̾
Ļŷһ㱻ҭЩΣյ˵Ųţھ㰤ᡣ
ŷĻЦһ˵
Цһ˵ˡ
ЦҪǱŷ籩һ٣ǲԩء
ŷûǰУͻȻŷһɫһס
ǰһɾĲŷ˵ͺƹȥ
ﲻܣҪġɫ԰ףŷŵùǺǹŻսڶ㣬ܹܡ
ŷ粻ֱӺʮ
˵ǣһ·δκŷվɴ۾ǰȻһսն涼Ǻѹѹǿߣս£ǵս߻սѺۣģЩսܵǿߵսһ
ŷͷղŵķԲűɱġ
ֲܿĶҲа죬ղҷߵĻᶼûУЩսϰңôôͻ𡣡ŷ̲ס𾪡
ŵڶ㣬Щʣµ߲㣬ʲôŷ粻
ǿԿ϶ǷΣգп
Żս˭Ҳ֪ǴģֻǵֵʱʬһʼŲ֮Уδκι죬ֻһֻصʱΪצ֮սǿߵѪû˾Ų㣬﷢˹ı仯һˣֻмǿߣ˳ȥӴԺ˲ֹ꣬ĵطˡŷ͡
ɫأЩս˵ЩսӦڵĲģǴһĹھģ˵һȫǿߣǿܣȫִֻ𣬼ʹʬȻҪսػ԰
Ļŷ籾Щսе񣬵Ǵʱȴ𺳡ǿܣǿߣһֱǻҪսػ԰һֺεȱ׳顣
һһָͬܵĸо磬ڲҲ⵽ǿѹǵסҲֺ
Щ˶սӢ顣ŷЩ˵
ǵģҲǿĺöǹȥ֮˳ߵ򣬿ֱӽء¶һĨЦݡ
ŷ羪ȣЩ⡣
ЩӢ飬ɱһеסǰ·Ĵڣ顣˵
ԭҲ˵ЩսĵطûΣղŶԡ
̫ˡ
ŷԼȭͷϲ˵
ٸһϢڵأһֻƬ˵
ŷ۾һһľϲˣû뵽ﾹȻܹõֻƬֻƬжŷзǳʹһƬҲӵǿ󵽼Ӳ챦
Ȼŷ޷߶ֻƬǿԽз챦ֻƬȻһҪǿˡ
ڹŷʵһּ
ڵء˵
ŷһ𣬲ŵĶһı޴ľϲ̼ˡ
ŷһ˷ܵӣȴҡͷֺС¶һĨأ˵㲻ҪΪغܼ򵥣ʹǿֱӽعŻսҪ̤أҲҪǧգһСģԻ䣬ҽҲô׵õģȻͱ˴ˡ
ǺֹۣȻܳء


1770 
ŷͷЦ˵֪˭ۣһֵ
ƴˣС⳥һĲм
ŷ翴һۣ˵֪ڼʸľ绪ˣҲƽϡ

ֱŷһָ
ŷٺһЦǺ⣬սգѾ뿪˳Ȼʼؽ
һ·ϣ˻ǱȽСģϾ̫Σգʲô鶼пֻܷǣеΣգվûг֣Ǻ˳Ľء
ոսأŷ˲ܵһϢ
ֻƬŷ¶ϲɫ
⣬ָָһ˵ҪõĻеѡɫɡ
ʵôֻ꣬ƬȻûбȡߣ˵һˡ
ǰУʮң㿴ֻƬţУֿɵһ㡣
ŷֻ֪ҪԼ֣Ϳ϶ܹõֻƬ
ֻǵŷ翴ֻƬ·Ķ֮΢΢һ¡ֻƬ·Ȼһ飬ͷɢһ˫ģŹŷǣ˱Űɱ⡣
û뵽޾£սǸ϶Ѫ֮⣬ȻǸ鿪ڣ࣬ȴƬˡ
һ˫ӣɨŷǣǻ䡣
ۣ㾹ȻҶʶˣ˵ϣǰʮߴΣΪʲô˵ŷû˵ȴˣһ˫ӶǸϣȻ֡
ĿһӾͳЩŵ˵㣿㾹Ȼĳɹʮˣ
۵ɫУ𺳣ǿʲô˼һ
ȻͬʶҼʮ˴Ρ
ŷҲ𺳣ԾԶ޷һʱǿߣӦûҪ硣
ǰ飬Ȼʶ˵飬Ҳס˲֪ٸʱˡ
ҵһͱһ콾ȴ³ǿɱЩ̾Ϣ
ĻͻȻ̲סŭˣһȺų򣬵С£ԼƴȻңҿǡ
ŷվһߣ𶯣һ˼ۣòƲǵˡֻǼӣֻܵʱЩܣòףŽġ
ֻƬǿѹĶ
ֻʱδѣӦٶȵǸ˳ɳ֮ͿԳˡ˸ùŷһۣ˼ԣŷ˵ǸӦٶˡ
ŷһ£ؿһۣһ϶֪һЩԼ֪ĶʲôӦٶʹû
ϲģۿ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨŨŨĲмЦ
ϲģƺЩŷ绹ǵһֻ˵Ƿϲĵģŷ绹ĺ˵ԼǷϲġ
ңݹ۹Ž˵ŷǷϲĵĻм˸ҽԼΪš
ʲôŷҲʵ
һһŷɲʲôˣԷڳԼǷϲģҪñ׼
˵ʲô۵ɴ۾Ȼ˸˵Լ
۾жðˣж೤ʱ䣬û˸Լ˵ˡۼʹܹطˣһǷף֪ݣмӡ
ͷҲǿͿ
ôˣ㱾ǹ˲ģֱŷƲƲ죬Ĵ
һ㱻ԼĿˮǺסŷ绹˵֪Ҫ֪˵ݣ᲻ỹԷ
ˣҪɱ㡣һһûȻ֪ʲôҲʲô⡣
ڹŷ羪ȵУ³һԪֱӻһһģһ飬Ȼŷ˹ȥ
ʵԼҪԽŷ硣
ʲôôסֶΡŷ𾪣Լŷ粻ҵ֣ͬɫʥⴹ䣬ѹأһȭӲȻ˵ɳȥ
һĻһ㶼⡣
۵ʵ̫ǿˣϣûκζܹ׽סֻ֣ܹѹǿߡ
ͲǷ֤ҿ۶Źŷ硣ĿɭȻһɲм
ƾʲô֤㿴ˣҲ֮ҾͲ㡣ŷŭŭ
޾ʥⴹ䣬ŷֱٻ罣ֳųɱȥ
ǸۻЦй⻬һȻһѸͷס˹ŷĹ
䡣
ͷͳײﱬ飬緭ڵĵطȴһ鶼ûУйɿµסײನ


1771 ˣ
䡣
ﱬ챻ʩչԷӲ
ۻǿޱȣ󸫺գֱնȥ޾ⱬŷû
ǿ󣿲ˡŷдȥǬſһ̫ͼס󸫡
ȻԼһȻ˿û˺ŷ硣
㷴Ӧ󸫼䣬ᣬ޾֣ȫɱ⣬ɱ
ÿһɱ⣬ܹɱһ߽׻ߡ
ŷȻҵֳ罣ɨǵأ纣Хһûײ
ˡ
һ죬ȫɳȥ
ŷѪ⾧Өÿһڷ⣬ͷֳ߲罣Ȼǧѣȫȥ
ǵصĽ⣬ۻû
ۻ޸˹Ҫסһ

һ촫ۻͣˣЩԼķʵǰǿû뵽Ȼѹƣⲻ
һǿƵˣܹı
ɱ
⣬ϢٴһЩ
޳ܡ
ŷЦɨ۱һۣǷ̵Ҫߡɫڣһ˫۾ǵһڹŷϣֱҪɱһ㡣
㲻ǶԵġƲ죬۵ŭɫЩ
ʵ̫ۣ˵ֻǸֵģֽǸһεս
ΪҪġ
ߡ
һû˵ҲףԼһеˣԾûзĻ
ŷɫأʩչʵս֡
ʱŷѹǳۻʵԽһΣҪȡʤǺס
ǹŷţԼһʤ
ۻ񱩣󸫲ͣȥڿٵأǼսۻҪѹƹŷ磬ȴ𾪵ķ֣ԼȻһ㡣
ʹʵȹŷһΣȻܽѹơ
۱壬̲ס¶һĨɫ˵һǹɫЩ𺳣ֻҪԼףķǶôھȻ޷ѹ󱲣Щš
ۣΪǸǵӦ֮ˣʵеҪǿĶࡣƲƲ죬˵
һ𣬵ۣƺǸȦУȻ㲻ʲôǹŷʵŶߣ
ۡ
ڴʱŷͻȻ罣۵Ļϣɳȥ
ۻŭŷ缤սһֱδռϷ磬û뵽һ˵ľ
𡣡
ۻХȻ޸˫ֽӡһɿֲͷһʵĹ⡣
ŷһܵһϤϢ
ˣŷһ䣬ɱȻ
ۻЦһ˫ӶŹŷ磬ЦΣΪԼɱ𣿡
ǿƣͷһʵĹ⸡֣Դ
ɱ
ŷûзϻվڹȥڡδͬʱ֣ȫԼǿĹ
ʲô۷ɫ䣬ܵ˾޴в
̫ͨ죬վʱճ֣ȴȫҪһֻҪʱ֮һµĵزп
⣬û۷ХͷʵĹѹһƬֱŷͨײ
֮䣬貵⣬һನȥٸ죬˴ء
̫ˣڶԾľս
ͬʱˣ۷һˣδ뵽ŷһ˿£һ㽫ٵ
ǣŷδ֣ͣЦһ˫ֽӡ˲䳬棬֮ϡ
ƶУµĹɱۡ
»ߵʽɫأϳһе
۷ӡ޸ٴγ֣ȻͷһƬʵĹ⣬޸У˳ȥ
һͷȥһ档
ػ࣬ȫӵпµƣͬʱŷ緢µͨ
ײŷ嵹ɳȥδˡۣٴΰ˲١
ȥɡ
ŷȣֱӺһֶϻ꣬ͨ۵ϡ
۷ձˡ
ǸϹͨųʥˣȴһ۲۵ڹ꣬ϵжܣĿ棬ڹŷϣһĨ𾪡
ǰ»ߣʥʯ壬ȫǼΪµĴڣټһǰ󱲣ʶϹˣһָоǰ̫ˡ
ˣҲ̫ûжɡ̲סЦ˳
۲ɵӣһ֪ǰС϶бͷ۾Źŷ磬۾һںϣʥ֮
ʥȻʥˣҲֻսʥұ߹ŷ˵罣˹Ȼԥһ䡣


1772 ү
ûжֻɹŷ罣䡣

罣ˣǸֻƬ⣬סһŷ羪ȣֻƬڷӡۣڱЩ
Ҫ֣۲ǵĵˣһֻԸƫһ㣬뵱ȻһЩΪ΢һ㣬Ҳһ㣬Ļǲġסŷ磬˵ĻȴҪɱˡ
˵ҳȥ쵰ŭ
ٺһЦ϶
˭ʵҲûĿͶڹŷϣ̽Ѱ
ŷȻ֪Էĵˣûٳֻ֣Ƕ۵⣬Ҳмڻش
ŷͣ˵ǵۣɨ޶֣Ͳʵﵽ۾磬ܹΪۡ
ⲻϡ档۲Ǻ⣬ۣǶǴǸ߹ģǴﵽһ˼ľ磬һ۸κȤ
ȻҲһ㣬żƵ˵˵ϱء
ʲô۾ɴˡ
ϱǾǺͬһʱΪµ
Ҳսʵĵӡ˵㣬۲һ
Ȼ۵ͷ
֪Ӻ͹ŷ罻УѾ̽һЩ֪Ļ࣬˵ǹս
Ǹ̬ĺ֮㣬սʾѪ;ѪϣսȣȻڹŷ绹ݣоԾ
ǸϼһҲĿ࿴ƹŷѡ³һ
ıˣǰֻһ󱲶ѣȻݡ
ħߺ׼ҡ˵
Щľˣһ۹ŷ磬һߵжٱ̬
һ㣬ҲҪһ㣬ϴ˰ɣ𣿡̲סĴЦ
ȷʵˣʹ۶ҲԼΡһˣͬһĴڣЩͬʱ
߳һ𣬶ܹ磬𶯹Žδڣһӳô࣬ȫ͹ŷ֮ǰйϵжֹ
˭Ҫһˣʵ̫ˣ벻к³ľ֣Ҳһ
ʲôˣȵ˵Լݣŷſѯʡ
һۣЩ̾˵û˵и֣϶˵
˭ŷ̲סȣۻб֣
졣
Ļش
ŷһ£ȻͻȻ۾ӶɳˡŵĶۣɫ֮𾪺͹졣
ǿүܿϧһձЩܸסˣһֱӡ޷ȥ죬ŭʱһ׵ϴľˡ͡
һ죬Ҫ죬ֻǺסˡ
ŷ𺳣һˣֲǿƣ˵ȥ»硣
죬үŷ뺰һ죬סһ졣
Ҫųŷ۾⣬վԼһģǶһˣЩצʲôõĵġ
һһˣ벻սǡ
ģ۾һ
ŷ˵ֱӶ֡Щʲôû˵ֻվһߣҪŷЦ
ʵϣһģ׼ЦġôܳȥĻͲһֱˡ
ֻƬǹؼŷ˵߶ڵֻƬʼٻǸӡ۵ֻƬ
ӡ۵Ƭ⣬ŷڵֻƬӦùŷ絰۵ǣȻ߶ܵ˴ˣȴδһֻƬȻƯܣѹۡ
ٻ˺ܳʱ䣬ûа취ǸֻƬŷЩˣֱӳ֣ҪֻƬǿж
ס֡
ס֡
ǳŷһ
ɶ˼ŷЩʵͣĶˡ
ۿ˹ŷһۣҡҡͷ˵Һܸм㣬ʵڻǿгֵĻһҪղǼˣû뵽һ㣬һ㺦㡣
ҲǲԴϵ亹ŵùǺ˹ŷһۣ˵ҺúüʱȻĻ鷳ˣôô³ç֮ǰ֪úÿһ£ϴ̬ˡ
ĻŷҲһ˵Լ̬ˣüͷڻԼ顣
ʵ̫ˣľվе㲻ȣҪƭˣʵϣϻкöණܹ˵㡣ĸ롣
ŷ۾˼˰Σ۾¶һĨЦݣˡ
ʲôû֪ۺоŷϷһ仯


1773 
ľϵһͻƣΪĺô̲ס̾˱ˣǾģǺ͹ŷȣȴûʲôơ
ԷһĻۣǧ꣬Ѿߵһʵ̫ˡ
һ򣬹ŷʴ䣬·ص˷ʱڣϴһ΢Цһ޺ӣڼҵĴһ
ֻǣȴһָоʱĹŷ磬ΣպͿ¡
ұˡ̲סһ䡣
һۣŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ӦѾϰΪˣġ
ƨһ죬һѹ㡣еܴ̼˵Ļ
ûˡŷЦ˵
ֳɳٶȺսĻȻ˶۷壬ҲǹŷĶ֡һ֮ͬУԵ޵Уδͬһ֮֡
ȻӦ֮ˣΪɵʱ򣬲⿪ҵķӡɣʵڳȥҲûκκôֻܹѣô׵ģҲĶ֡˵ɫ֮Щꡣ
۵Ļɴ۾ǿһһһִԼǲϴˣǰǸۣȻ˵Ļġ
û⡣ŷͷȻһۣ˵ȥ㡣
ﻹбڡ
ŷҡͷЦݣ˵ûʱˣǱ뾡罫ȡ˭Ҳ֪صʲôΣյǣҿɲ뵢̫ʱ䡣
ǹŷﻰȻãҲܹɱ𣬵ǱϾŷҪǾҵɣȻԼʵ
㹻ǿʱ
Ҫȥýɣѵֳ֮ʲôɽ𣿡һ̲סʵ
ֻ֪ΪΣյʱЩ϶Ż뵽Ķȡ
ŷͷ˵ĸ߽׻ȫ뿪ǰǸս֮еǿߣֻҺĴڣҪǱҪȥɱˡ
ɺҳȥȻĻʲôƨڣȫҧ
ŷҲ֪һ㣬ܹ߳ӡʵ磬ǼǸεǿߣܹѹǿ߰ɡ
ǹŷǴ򲻿ӡ޷۷ųȥʵ
ȻҲ֪һ㣬ŷղžѾˣһ㽫ԼˡǲùŷȥԵˡ
ˣ˵Щ˵ˣ߰ɣǰ㣬˽ɱߣǧҪͣҲµĲǿ϶˺ܶ쳣ͲҴܣѾˣ֮󣬿ܻʱһʱ䣬Ǳ棬ɨһۣ˵һ
ŷһǶһۣԷеľȡ
ÿһ֮󣬶µʬ£ʱǿĸǿߵʬ壬ʱһƬͲطʱһǿߡɨһۣһء
һһǿߣζʲôҪ֪Żս֮УѵζţҪ
Ҫ룬úûʲô޷Ƶģŷ磬ӦٶģϱƣȻԼļƻŬȥɣδˡ˵꣬۾˯һ
߰ɡ
סʵĹŷ硣
һЩûŪءŷЩԸ뿪ˡ
ۿ϶֪ܶණȴû˵ҪŪס
ҡͷЦϼһһۣ֮ڲģѾ˵ʲôˣûá
Ȼŷ֪ЩϼһﶼһЩ񱣬Ҳûа취ǿҪǿ޷ͻֻƬķ
߰ɡ
ԥŷתߡ
ͷųǰ濪̽·
һ·ǰУȻˣҲܶΣգվŷ嶼˺üΣһ
Ǽѵ߹أս
羰续ĵطȫʬǡ̲ɭïܣȫܷïһѵĿǻ棬˸оҪͨ͸һ
õطŷ̲ס̾һ
Ҫӣȴһס
ŷЩȻ֪ʲô˼ΪʲôҪֹԼǰ
ȴҡͷǰ̲ݺïܵɭ֣˵׼ɱȥɡ
Ļŷ羪ȣﻹõɱȥ
ﲻûʬǣǱЩݺľյˣħħݣһ̤ǵĸӦͻܵǿħݻħпܲǶ֡ҪǱӡ˵
ŷ絹һЩľȻа졣


1774 
ЩħħݣǿЩˣ𶼲Ƕ֣Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ֱٻ߲쵶Ȼϴһսס
ŷ羪ȣⶼǻ쳣ǿ֮ǰͿʩչ߲쵶ֻûȥʣֳһսףͬǻŷľˡ
һƴˣҵһսףһһûдأΪ̫һ̫Σգ治Ը⶯á˵ɫء
߲ս׵һ࣬䣬һ˫Ӿ񣬶ǰһ̤һƬħ
ŷҲٻսսף罣˽ȥ
һ̣Щ̲ȫ⣬ɷùŷо𾪡Щ̲ݣҲʵ̫ǿһɡ
ӦϢ£ܹɱʡ
͡
̲ȫ⣬աޱȣܹһС
͹ŷܹȥͬʱ֣罣߲쵶ȥǰһ̲ȫɨ
ǰɡ˵ǰǵǰ̲ݿʼĳߣȻһǲ˹ҲһЩͬǹգҪɱŷˡ
ŷӽչЩ
ȴùŷһЩӲ˼㣬罣·Ȼնʮ
ֲһٴеӣЩ̲Ҳʵ̫ǿһЩˡ
䡣
Щȫ⣬µϢ˺
ŷԾǸܵ˻ԵϢҵȫԼΪµͨ
ͨ񡣡ŷȣһ֣ɱǰ
߲쵶߲ͬ쵶ն˳ȥµ˼㣬һ㲻ڹŷͨ
һչԼĽͨµ˼㣬Һų죬ɴ˿ɼһ
䡣
߲ûǰһУħݺħȫʧһɾʮ
ŷͨҲѾͬһ
ЩߵȥЩħħݣȫգҪסŷ硣ʱѾˣŷȥ˲ʮһŻ֮ǰ
һɽɽиССŻǹŷȴֹˣһۣ˼ԣҪҪȥ
ȥˡָһһۣˡ
ŷҲͷһһ޴ħգƶתϢȻǻ
һɾͻ𾳽ħŷǳ鴤ѯʣħôΪģѵǴħ
ֵͷŷԥֱûǸŻС
䡣
ŷһܵһӰŷĳһơŷ֣ͬԷײһ
ʥⱬǵӰȴʧ
ô£ŷᣬųҪҵǸ
ˣʬһֹӰȥ٣Ѳ׽ǲһɱڵһʱ˵
ʬʲôŷЩۣĶ̫ˡ
һֻ͵ǿϵԹ۳ĹȻûǰʵҲǿһĻ߾죬Ƕ֡Ϊŷͣһŷ絹ǺţΪղһɱһһĻ߾죬ȴδǸʬɱȻʬʵһ߾֮ϡ
Сģﲻʬʬܹݻ͵սĹЩǿԪɢ֮۶ѾǱˣֻɱ¾ıܡ˵
ŷȻһۣ˵ܲܳȥ
Сܾ
ΪëôΣգЩ͵ʬ壬ǻȥƴһѣҲܹڵĵط
ͬԼĿŷЩǱɱˣҲˣһӴɵĻᶼûУǳȥƴһѣʹˣҲŬˡ
һɫ˵Ϊɾ
ʲôŷȻû뵽νĽɣȻһۣͨޱȣǰģʱһĵĻ⣬ǹ𣬹쵽˼㡣
ŷ磬ЩëһۣʵҪǰߣ
ҸʵʵҶǰߡǳ˵
¶µɫ˵ʩչȫŴ˽ȥ֮۷ʱڵΣ
ŷĬȻתҪȥ
ϹǸĸ֣ʩչȫŴȥŷʵǲǱ뵱˲֪٣ûʲôɱԡ
ȺͻսҪÿ졣
һ¡һסŷ硣
ˣʥأֱӴȥȻ飬ǰսҳɳˣȲҪϻ쵰ŷ紭Ŵһıˡ


1775 Ȼ꾭
ǰǺˣֻһ
ŷãϻ쵰̫ˣǺ֣ʱҽɣ˵Ц
ȲҪǻһ°ɡڣ˵Ļ
ŷ翴һۣüͷͻȻʶ˼ϼһ滹аš
ǿ϶㣬ȻΣգǶ벻һûһɹĿԡ˹ŷһۣ˵ԼĲ²⡣
´أŷʵ
ɫһû˵
Ҳеûף֪ϲҪļһ᲻ĿǡĻǶҪ
ˣߡŷûߣߡ
ŷ˾Ҳȥ
ʵϣѡڻȥߴһ˵ʵû𣬶ǷǳΣյ顣
˲Уŷûзų
Ѿ˵ˣֻʬʬֶҪǲܵģȻܴ󣬵ȴҲСҪȥǼܵġ
һа﹥Ǿ鷳ˡ
䡣
һӰƿնϢ죬ŷһ
ŷ翴˹ȥһɿݵʬ壬мûκѪҺˣ˵ǹǼ棬һƤȻˣʬ棬ɢµϢľ
һʬ壬ɱ˼㣬ȴܿ£ȻȥˣҲһΨҶϢ
ôоȻǼһ︴ʱ򣬻Ҫǿأŷ̲סʵ
Щ͵ʬ壬һ˲棬еͨźǰһǿ˵ǿ󲻣ʣԭŷ簵զ࣬ҪǿڣǻҪǱӡ
ǰΪ̫ԶˣԴıĥˣŻԵС
ȻСҲԶԵġ
ʵϣʬȵĻ۶ҪǿĶˡ
һ֣к˵Ĺâ˸Ȼŷǳ֡һֻĳȥ쵹תǬ飬ȫ١
ŷƹȥǸо˲٣̶ֳֻȵʬ񣬲¡
߲쵶ڣսԷ
߲쵶ǸʬϣԷɳȥϳһۼǲûѪ¶жǽɫİ׹ǡ
ŷƿ罣һҵĹ⣬죬Ǹϡ
ʬٴκ˳ȥȻֻչһЩƤ¶ɫĹͷʥϢſµɷ
ǰǿȻУҲٮٮߣ޾£ǿ϶סһڣԼĻ޷ʬ壬ɴ˿ɼԷǶôǿ
ŷͷղҲ֣Ȼܹܵһǰǿˡ
𡣡
һĴǾʬٴγʬٿŵʬ壬ֻɱ¾ıܣη塣
֣սһߵʬ壬ۡ
Уɳȥһˡ
ŷ罣Ӳʬ壬һ֣Ļ飬һƤȫÿˡ
ʣȫǻƽɫĹͷõͷһСˣɫǻȴʥϢԵ쳣졣
ʬЦŽɫĹǼܣŷǳ˹
ֻء
ŷֻ֣ؽԷסȻ꾭
ǸʬȻҽУڶȻ꾭֮ڣֵĿ˹ŷһۣȻûǣֻɱ¾ܣǴʱʬȴоǰˣԼĿǣϢʵֲ̫ˡ
Ȼ꾭ʬſɱ
ŷûз֣һӰҪģǵȻ꾭ֱ֮תߡ
ʬʬһͬηȻ꾭
϶ŷһ䡣
ףԼûһյģǿ϶ˣӵжȻ꾭ԵסʬʬǵĿǡ
գʬҲδȥȻ꾭ڡ
ŷоʬʧһ˲䡣ȻһӴԼڣ쳣⣬ֻ΢һ£Ϊ˹ŷԼ
ʵ˲˲١
ǣŷ羪ȡ
ʲô飿ʵ
ŷ罫Լе
ȣüͷβſ˵Ȼ꾭ޱȣ˵һǿǵ˭ȴû֪˵ȻĹ쳣أû뵽Ȼֹܣһˡ
ŷͷһܣ¶һĨЦݣ˵ֻҪȻеʬʬҵʵܹһµĲΡ
ŷмʱҲԼǱˣ˷ܡ
ʵڵĹŷ˵һǳջ顣


1776 λ
ڷżˣȻЩʬʬʵʵĹŷ磬ȻŹ
ǰУһӰʬŷɱ˹
ԶԣʬûʬǿʵҲŷʩչֻأʬС
Ȼ꾭ǸʬҽС
ⱾǶȻԹȶֶΣֻǹŷδ뵽Ȼ꾭ɶԸЩʬʬȻ֮һɴԼ塣
ӦЩǿߵŷ罫ʬ˼
ǶȻ꾭ĹܣЩʬʬֶ֮ڵһ˲䣬ǿԹŷǱ꣬ǹŷ糬һֽ
һ㣬벻ϱǰŵģӦҲδ뵽һ㡣ǹŷһλԵֻҪȻеʬʬʵᱩǵһֲľ硣ʱҲýɣɵסΣա
뵽ŷлȡ
Щ˶ǻ͵𣬺޶֣ȴʬʬֶȻԸ⣬ڲýѣȻʬʬǰϢˣȻҪимǿߣƶΪԸǷġ²˵
ǿߣȻǿߵ̬ԲԸǷ˵Ķݡ
ǰУһ·ϣʬʬ㽫
ǣǿʬʬδֻ֣нӽڻǸʬﵽǸģȴһûС
԰Щȡ
ŷʥʣȻʥ죬ʱʵһϢֲ޽ӽǻǸǿߡ
ôˣŷʵ
ǿʬûг֣ЩŹ֡üͷ˵
пǱϼһסˣֱѿӷƨŷӲˡ
̲סЦĳŷϼһԹֱĸоϼһôڹŷ翴Ǵġ
û˵ҪԼףһҪȥȰˣܹŷһ¿ӵģֻҪԼ϶飬Ϳ϶׸ı䡣
ҡ
ŷ˵ͷҪģǶȻʬʬֻҪҵǣӦһС
ҡ
ҲͷϴһĨϲɫ
ȻҲǳСģôǿߣ϶һЩ䣬˵Щھ޴в
ãǰΣģһ鷳
䡣
ǰɡһεĶǣʥϢɷɫ
Ǹϣһɫסȴ岻
ȻϼһֶΡŷӦһϢ˵
֮ϣϱµסʬܳʱ䡣ʬҲ޷
һʵɱڻ𾳽ʵǿ˼㣬ʬŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ְɡ
˵һ𾳽ĸ֣ȴ䵽һزʵЩɱ
ʵϣЩ͵𣬴󲿷ֶڿϹǿУǸǿߣȻǣ޷⣬΢һע⣬ᱻ̵ܶʱڱɱ
ҲΪʲôѪ⾫ᱣá
ŷͷֻأȻ꾭档еʬҪȴá
Ȼ꾭ֱʬ
һɸӴ˹ŷ壬ʥ˸貵˼㡣
ŷǿˣѪ֮жɢʥ⣬黯ζ۳档
һ־˵Ѫ⻯飬쳣ǿ
գ쳤Хɻ趯˼㣬ǳ𣬷죬ɵˣһĻ𣬶ز
ֻһЩΪĻ͵𣬲ܹһ
ʱŷĴﵽ˻͵ľ磬ս棬͹ԼǱܣûнʥ죬ǿ͵ˡ
̫ǿˡŷ˵
ܵԼʵǿһ˼ľ磬ǴĳһһƬۡ
Żս֮ϣоŲƳ֣Ȼһ͵ĹΣ
۹λŷ˵
ܵˣԼսǸ磬۹λֱҵԼϿԼݡ
һֻһ£һŹ˹ŷ壬۾
ʥ۷壬Ϊۡ
һֱȻΪѾ硣Ϊ׼ۣԵȵʵﵽ֮󣬱ȻȻĳΪۡ
֮УоŲ⣬磬һֿµܱ˶оˡ
ۣˡ
һЩΪʿ


1777 ǿ
϶Ǿۡ˾µһֿܡ
ǣ˷֣ڵľ磬ģֹâǴĵطġ
ԣǾۡҲʿ
ѵǱ˳Ϊֱۣѹ˾ۣ찡ˡܶǿʿ̲ס
ҲһЩǸһֹĸо
ЩӣδӦʲôսʹҪɾλҲҪܾ۲С
ȻҲ˾ã˾Բǹŷ磬ǿЦϲá
ݲˣֻһʱԻͣû޵еۣҿǻα֮ǰ硣һɫʿ;ݽԹһ㱻ɱӦɵ֮˲ھݵ֮ϲá
ʮһۣҪʮ̧ͷˡ
֮УλǿߺգǸͻȻ۾̲ס˵ҸӦˣһ֮أŻսѵ˳ΪۣҪĻ鷳ˡ
Щ֮صĴڣбޱȣǳĻҪѪϴ硣˵ġ
ھ飬Ҳ磬߲ѯʣ׷ʲô飬Ƿ˳ɵѹסǵۡ
ʵһ㣬ΪǵУ޵еģͬʱ֮Уκζ֡
ҪѹǹŷɵԵĲܡ
ЩʿԸţ˹ŪģֻΪ˴ǵۡ޵УѾȫӡǵУǲܹܽܵѹǹۣΪʱǿߡ
ģɵۣǹŷ硣￪ڣ˵Ļ
о飬ȫ̲סɴ۾۳ɵһǵĹŷۡ
𣿡ʿ̲סѯʣг˷ܡ
ͷ¶һĨŵЦݣ˵֮У֮ˣ˭ܹѹۣǵ۳ɵ֮⣬κᡣ
ǳţ˵Ļһ
Щȫ̲סߺ޽
޵С
ǻһִϲãһۣվǰĻԻ͡
֮У˭ܹǿԺŵľ磬޵С
ҶȥɣİɣݻԶʢȥ˭Ҳѹƾݡ˵ı֤ҲҰġ
ĻЩ˲ŷģ뿪
ڷǷǳˣЩΪ̫ࡣ飬Է쳣ŷ
ŻսУŷʥ֮У۹λ壬˲ںϣһ˲䣬һʱ䡣
۵ĸо𣿡ŷ૵˵ֺɨһеĸоԺŵǿƣʱʾ쾡¡
һֻĨɱȥڲԶһѪɿݵʬը飬ɱ֮ǰҲġ
Ϊʥ죬ۼսû뵽ȴһϲŷ̾
ʥ죬Ի߶ľ磬ǹŷʵ̫ˣսѾﵽ۾磬Գɾۡ
һ̤Ǭ飬𶯣ƣʵ̫ˡ
ʱʲôαʲôͶӰŷ綼УģԼָɱԷ
۾ս˾ǿ
ϴ󣬹ϲˡ¶ϲɫһϴĺķڷЩϹû̬ʥ죬ΪۣδС
ͬϲͬϲŷЦϢʧʱŷһˣȴһϣȻǻԣҲľ̲סҪĤݡ
ۣվһʱ۷塣
һս֣ǰֻл͵𣬲ܹﵽǹŷδȥǸ磬۹λǸǿߡ
˭Ҳ֪ʥ죬Ϊʥ𣬻жôҲֱӳԽЩϹѳȥҲ˵
ǰܾãԼʵȻۣҲ̫ˣĽ磬Ҳ֪ǰĸоĶôף߰ɣȥҽɡŷ翪ڣҪ뿪
ЩˣЩȡ
ùŷӦüȻʬʬĻʵܹߣܹ⼴ĵͻ
ѾܵˣǵˣԾͲҪﵢʱ䣬ȥҽɡŷ翪ڣ˵ԭ
˵ҲǣʥЩȻӴ󣬵ǶûʲôˣԺҲκˡ˲ȻһеĴʦ֮ϱǣֺȻܹһ㡣
ŷΪۣǸսĻ͵𾳽ʬʬȫסˣǵҲٵģһ·ǰУٶȿ쵽˼㡣
һ·еʬʬȫŷһ飬ûκĻ۹λ֮󣬹ŷʵһµĵز


1778 ֮
һ·ǰУ˲֪Զ˻δɡ
ɵŷ̲סʵĿ֮·֯ǰȥǾ˲֪ԶȻнɡ
ʬʬŷδӦϢ
ɲһһطǲܱסģκһطпֻܹͣҡŷ͡
ԭŷͷڲ̫żˣΪʱ㹻˲ͣǰУвٲƵıһЩȱŷ綼
Щ˵ãǷھУǿЩʿʵ
ŷһֺЩǰǿҲЩһ۵ġ
ȻҪΪǸʱΪʵ̫ˣЩҲǺ⣬ЩһĵڵʱУֻǷ
ֻ챦ܹĶ
ңţԼ߲쵶߲սףȫ챦
ʮļѾǿ˼㡣
ڣֻΪδﵽȻĻʩչ߲쵶Ҽսκǿߡ
͡
ǰһһϢŷǼ
㿪
ŷһܵǵĿ£Ȼһַǳҵвĸо
һ˺ƹȥ
ǣȴ׷ȻֻһƣȴùŷͷƤ顣
ǽɵϢСġǸѡ
ȻǽɵϢȻ֪ɵôһڣһϢ˿£ɴ˿ɼɵԺʹ˵һġ
Ϣģŷ˹
ŷɫأٶܡüķ⣬罣һ˲ն˳ȥһϢײ
ѾΪ罣ȴ˲䱻ˣһơǵϢȴֻһ㣬˼
ôǿ󡣡ŷһָʥ˸ȻҪȥץһϢ
һϽɡ
ǹŷȴͣʥӡۣȻһץסһϢ
ŷֱӱƣһϢ£Ȼͻʥӡһը˹ŷա
ѹ
ŷȣǿֱѹȥ⣬¶ѪҺӨޱȣʱͷĪܣ׷ӡ˽Ϣ
һǹŷȴԼе𾪡
ɣĺܿ£ֻһϢȴ˵һĻ߾ĻҪը飬
ŷľͬʱڵõɣһڴ
ǵõ˽ɣȻĵͻǿƣҲ벻ܵסɵܡ
գŷеһƽɵϢɢ
нɵһϢɿ϶ڸǸϽҡŷ˵ɨܣѰҽɡ
ˣѾҵˡ˵ȻǰС
ŷѰҽɡ
ãһطŷ翴νĽ̲֮סͣǴ˵еĽ𣿾ȻһнϢ䣬µ˼㡣
ʱͿռ䣬ڽɵԱߣǳͣ޷תֻнɵŷһָоɶ֮⣬֮ڡ
ǽɣŷ̲סʵ
֮һ꣬걻ȥһ꣬شӦûꡣͷ
֮֮УһĨ̾;η
治֪Ǹǿߣʵﵽʲô磬ȻܹƳֶ̫ˡ̲ס̾
ȻǣҲֻܹǸˣǣǸվе۷壬ʵǿޱȣŽһˡ
ҴﵽǸ֮ͻ֪ˡŷ˵ŷĻһ£ȻȻͷʮ˵֮У˵пܴﵽǸزˣҲֻǸʸ񡣡
ϿɹŷĻûһ㳰߲м
ôĿڹŷ˼ȡɵʱһֱӴ˵ĵס
˭һ˲Щըëʲôӵ飬Ȼܹӹǵĸ֪
Ҫ֪ŷѾΪۣҪͲܣһЩϹΪ֮ʹˣҲɣкܴĿܻᱻ֡
Ǵʱһ龹Ȼߣ˵ˣ˶δҵڡ
һǳ˵飬Ϊ۵Ĺŷ磬ɫɡ
ˣҾǵǰǸٴʲô
ߣ˶ӣĿͶ˽֮档
㣿ŷ̲סȵʵ֮Ȼǡ
ҲһֱԼ۾ֻ֮Ǵľܹг˻֮ǲܲǵġ
ǰĽ֮ȴһּ˵ĸо


1779 ̫С
̬ȣҺܲˬҪһӣҲǹ֮Ȼ͸һɲ
͹ŷǶһۣԷе𺳡
ôܳʶ̲סʵ
֮ûлشĻȴֱӷʣΪʲôܳʶ
ǿ㣬ӦòǲŶԣǳǵϡ͵
˵ǿԶϹֻˣܹǿߡ
Ļ֮һЩмЦݣ˵ȺϲģǻôţܹоףͲᵽڻ޷Ǵˡ
һ£֪֮˵ûЩϹȻĴɱֻ֮ЩϹϲģЩЦá
Щˣһǹھ죬ǿĵزȻ֣δܹκǡ
Ǵʱ֮ȴǣ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ҲȷʵЩ˾Ƿϲģôʱ䣬û㹻ʵһ鷳Ҫǣ͸ɱˡŷƲƲ죬νϹ֮ģҲǸом
һֱӷۣһҷ˵󻰣ֻеǸˣ֪ʵǺεѵ顣
ЩϹΪʵðΣգߵһʵ̫ˡ
ûŷͽ֮ͣŷδﵽǸ磬⣬ڽ֮һһɱȻһϹӲֻӡ
ԣ˽ͣǸԼҲʹ졣
ӢͬСӲϲ㡣֮ҡһ⣬ҪĹŷһ¡
ŷһϽˣɫף˵ϲҲѽղűһһϢܹ˵Ҫһѹ䣬ŷڡ
ȿȣˣ̫ˣСĿڻܳΪֵܡ֮е̾˵
֮Ļŷһĳ嶯ۣȻ˵СĿֱ֪˵Щʲôˡ
뵽ЩϹﶼӣŷͻȻƽˡ
Ϲڽ֮УǷϲģֻֻСҲѾ㹻ˡ
һҲҪҳȥͱս֮ͻȻʳ⡣
ŷûԥֱӵͷ
ðɣǱ߰ɡܹ֮ùŷ˽ȥ
ֻǣǻĽϢŷˣϹﱳŽ֮һˣοǣĻ϶˲
ֻ֮һΣȻǣҲһҳֵԭ򣬱ҪƽеΣ֣ȻҲ޺ˣԵ˸ǵʹǽҴ߰ɣҪش졣֮дһĨ׳
ĲЩ֮ӿˣɢ֪٣ŷǳŷһ
ҿ㵭ŷ̲ס˵ˣСĶЩ֮
֮ŷĻŷӦ֮ҡЩϢ˻ϡ
˼Ҹûж೤ʱ䣬ԿƲסϵϢǲҪģҲ˺ǵģҴ߰ɣҪľش죬Ȳҵʹ֮˵
Ȼ֪Լǽ֮ȴԵսⰻȻ
ŷӣش죬̲ס˵⣬һǵʵ޷˳ȥڶһεĶֲǲ죬ֻһЩĵͻצв硣
ʲô֮˾ȡ
󣬽֮ˣ˵Щϲأᶼ˰ɣֻϲеķϲģȻҪңˣϲĵĻأûһϣˡ
ó֮ķŭˣС
ڵǸʱ֣ʲô־֮£Ҳܶãû뵽ԽԽˣϣܹع飬ĻԻ֮͡ŭڹŷǵԺ𣬲ᵽԼ˵ʱ򣬽֮ȴ˳ݡ
˵λŷ̲סʵ
Ƕ֪Ĵڣܹ̫ͥǿˣӦŶԡ
Ȼƾõ£ҲӦǿߵ
֪֮ʹĸһ𰸡
ŷһҪԼָĳ嶯֪˵ë
Լ֮䣬Һ֪˳Ϊʼ֮Щԥ˵
ûпӶǳˡ
سʼ֪˭ˡͣ


1780 Ϣ
˭֮ҲЩ⣬
ʼǵʱǶĳƺʲôû֪ǵʱȻ͵𶼶Ĥݣ۷ĴڵϹڵʱʼߣҲֻӣ˵У֮䣬һ飬һġ˵Լ֪飬ɫ֮дһĨ𾪡
ŷ𺳣ȻһˣسʼʱϹﶼΪǿͬϱˣֻ׷ߡ
ֲý֮ǿܹش
֮ͬ䣬ʼǹǿߡ
ǳʼ˵Ҳ֪Ǳ˾ƺģ㵽˭Ȼ֪˵ĳƺţ֮ѯȻܹ˵Լ˵֣оȡ
ʼʱ棬ʱʱˣһЩϹ˵ּͨʼʱһˣ干ǴҵԿ˵
ʱŷ֪һܱʱϹǸʱ
ֻǣŷ綼֪ǸʱжôľԶˣ֮䣬׾˶ֻأִʱڵϹ֮⣬˭˵塣
㾹ȻʱˣֲҸоûбôСأףʮֻ칦Ǹˡ֮ȵ˵ǶϤݡ
˭ŷ۾һݣѾˡ
ֻû˵ŷҲҲʣһֱ֪ѡذħȻҲʸ񣬵ǺȣҲǺˣһ˭ذħҲ֪
˵𣿡ɨ֮û̿ڡ
ҡͷ˵ûдﵽ۷֮ǰ˵Լֶˡ
Ǻãˡֱ֮Ӳ˵ˡ
ŷץĳ嶯˵ʲôѽ⻹صģĽҵԼ˲

ʹĻشȻ˹ŷһۣ˵Ǿǲ㡣
ֱһָŷʾıӡ
ˣҪ˵ˣ֮ȻȥɱͻдСõɣǶѣҲľͼˣбķ𣿡ŷתƻ⣬ع⡣
С
֮ڣһ϶Ĵ𰸡
۾һȫķǾ͸ˡ
ʵϣ֮֮󣬵飬ҶԷ˵ôȻģŷҲ˼ľý֮ڼңȷʵû֮ȥ
ҷֳϢӡУڹؼʱʩչܹɱ͵Ҳ֪ǾԿشǡ֮ڣ˵Ļ
شǵͻټϹŷ۾ʵкܴܣܹɱԷġ
뵽ŷֱӵͷ˵û⡣
ܳܽϢüͷ
֮Ȼ˵ܣеһֻƬҽϢӡֻƬ֮УȵҪõʱֱӼС
ԭŷֱٻֻƬ
ʱֻƬκβĵطһƬһͬ
֮棬ϢûֻƬУֻƬֱӷ⣬ޱȣҪųϢ
ֻأȻȱˣһ㱾ܣĹؼҪų⡣֮
ùŷ𾪵ǣڽֻ֮֮ؾȻһ㷴Ӧûˣɽ֮ϢС
ŷŽ֮ͻȻһָоνĽ֮벻Լ˵ô򵥡ֻһɱ϶űܡ
ֻǺȻ֮˵
ϢӡȥֻƬ˹ŷС
ˣ뿪˸ˣļ䣬ҪϽ뿪ȻĻ»д鷳֮ŷǡ
л
ŷһ֣ԥתߡ
ǲ֪ǣһӰǽ֮󣬾һֱǡ
һŵĴ֣ܷУͿ˵ˡǵӰصϢûŹŷ뿪ķɫ̾
ʲôŵľ֣ҾǶǳЦΪǵƣԼȥûж֪ҿǻǻᱯճ֮һЦǶǸ˵Ļǳм
ҵʵȻѾˣһ㲻ûɣҪľǣЩ飬ǵĹ켣ȥǸ˿ڣɫ֮дһĨȻ
֮Цȴû˵
ǵӰʧǴûгֹһ
ڹŷˣ뿪ǸŻս
ʱĹŷ磬ȴһ㶼ˣʵֱӳ


1781 ħ
ħħȫ񹥻ȴŷ飬ǿƣʱҪǿ˲֪٣Ͳܵǵв
ʵϣսвĵطǸŻСǿʬʬǲӡĻʱҪ㾡ȫܹȥ
Ϊµʬʬʵǿ󣬹ŷδ
Ϣ죬һħٴγ֣ŷɱ˹µɷ춫ȻΪ˻𣬵ħȻûʲôǣֻɱ¾ıܡ
ǿߵĵһսŷĿ⾼ҪһħԼۼսĥʯ
ֱӳ˳ȥ䣬ʥȣһֻ˳ȥɣϢתҪѹһħ
䡣
ħϣǧ֦գ
ɷˣлϢۣâŷĴײ
ǲ
һ֦ϣŷ绯Ĵ֣޿赲ǿޱȣֱЩ֦Ҫѹħ
վڹŷ󣬶̲סɴ˰۾ŷֱڿһһ
ոӵۼսŷôǿƣͻȻʶŷʵ²һۼô򵥡
ս죬ǿޱȣȻҪһѹħ
ݡ
ħˣȻڷ⣬һ޴ħŷ缤˹ȥ
ձ飬ħħ꣬Ȼӵл߶ηʵǴʱЩħħݣڱ飬ɢ
ۼս̫ڿˣ棬ԻٵһС
ѵǸĻ𣿡һǸħЩš
ŷȣ˫ӡֻغӲħ
ħ飬ŷ絲סҲˣһȻһƽɫ
оһŷȻĽҪܶԷǿԼ޵ȻǻҲᱻ̤ڽ¡
ŷ˳ȥ˫ֽӡʥ죬ʥӡѹҪٵħ
ħͨ巢⣬һȻе֦ȫ֮˳ȥ
Ǭ飬Ų
µĲŷʥӡѹӲħ
һת羪춫ȥޱȣÿһԻһ硣
ŷ΢΢ˣδˡ
ħȴһ嶼ˣһ㱻״ɢ
һսŷռϷ磬ûʲôոճΪۣȻʥ죬ʵȴԽһոճΪ۵ˡ
ħȻҲոճŷȣŲСĲࡣ
ŷ绯վڹȥδͬʱ֣ɱħ𡣿µϢ𶯣߸˹ŽδǴжȥһƿ£ͬʱпֲ飬ӹŷ߳ʽһǰɱȥ
ħܵвʹû̫ǣıܺͶľͿ־壬Ҳħ̲סȥͬʱʣµİ巢⣬ȫϢ죬ȥ
ȫϢûȻǿߣ嵽׷ʲô顣ȴܹоײУ϶һʱ䱻ɱ
һĹӴܣħԪ񣬸ܵΣգʼ
ߣŷҪԷ
Ҫɱ
Ͻڣס˹ŷ硣
ˣŷ֣ͣЩʵ
֪˲ٴܣеĳˣеͬǸѪؽʬһһִڡִڣϣָǵġ
ϾǿߣȻ𣬵ֻҪһϣ뻹ܹġ
Ǹǿص㡣
ǣʶһ˵Ǹ죬ûǣʶǸ֮û뵽ȻҴһ˿ܣϣԺܹĿǣվһ̾Ϣ
ǸʱˣһЩϹȻųƲ𣬵µĳУ˲٣ʣµûм
ذħȻųħ棬Ǻȣʱʵ̫Զˡ
ŷ翴еįٳ֡
뵱꣬ʳ޳ɲ֮壬ΪԳ֮䣬õңĴﵽǸλ֮󣬲֪ûԼеôãЩˣ춷УͷʣµĻܹмˣʱˣѵеսҪ𣿡ɫ֮ЩãȻľδƣֻ˺ܶꡣ
Ϲ־ӲԲܳʲôħŷкԲûеġ
ˣ˵Щˣһ죬һ죬еУһңûãһԼָˡ
죬һǿİϱɾˡ


1782 
ŷ̲ס̾Ȼһļ֮ϡ
һ죬ֱӱ˴СħݲƹӴ֮г߲쵶·òײų˳
쵰ǹġһҪһȥԼǹŷĶ֣Ƿͷ
ŷͷˬĳˣаЦ˵ԣǲܱҰסҲϴСܡ
ŷĻһҪѪһô޳ܵء
СܣԶֻҶŷ̼
ڱߣŭ쵰
ŷЦתߡ
һ׷һϣ˳ԭ·˵սŷǸճֵʱ򣬹ŷɫһ䣬ԥһסһŲ˹ȥ
䡣
ϰٵ˸ڵǸطû
ЩתɫҲˡ
Ƕû뵽սȻ鷳ˣǶһۣԷеء
ߣȥ˵
ŷͷʾףȻΪۣҪϰٵͻսҲǲܵ顣
޵УҲҪи޶ȵģǲϹּǿߵĶ֡
ŷ翪·罣նɨһУֱӽҵսɳȥŷǰɱ
սսף˵ڣʥͬʥһȼգסˣסЩ
ڵʵЩ͵սΧԵЩǹŷ绤ֵĻ͵ס
ƣݺʮʲôʱһǸӢʲôʱñ˱
ڣȴ䵽ùŷ籣ƣһ쳤Хĳ嶯
ȻҲףһԼǳǿĻᱻɱ
䡣
ʹйŷ绤֣Ҳֿܸµһľĸо
ϰսʹЩƣҲǷǳµģҲǹŷɾλڵһʱ䱻ɱ

ŷֳ罣ɨ
һҲƵĲӵĻսը飬Ӱȫһ˲ɢЩǿߣûлսߵսĻ֣͵סŷλۡ
棬ûк͹ŷһĴڡùŷһл͵֣ŷǶд鷳Ҫȥûô򵥡
ǰУսİΧϰսգ׷ɱȥһŹŷǵ˼ûС
ܿ죬ڵĵط
۸Ӧֱ۾ϰս˹ʱһ˲֪ʲô顣
쵰̲סһ䡣
ŷʲôܣֱӶ۵

һĳ嶯ڿأϰսȻЩͷƤ顣
ЩڹŻսеǰ㣬ܹ޼ɡ
ս˹ȫڷ⣬һɱۣ¡
۴վһӰΣǿߣȻӵл𾳽ս
ŷ𾪣۹ȻΪҪˣʵµ˼㡣ֻƬѹȻܹųȻķֱֲ̫ˡ
֣ɱ
ֿµϢѹһУ측֣۵ĵѹһҪǿߣȻûô򵥡
ϰս⣬Ҫ۷ݻ٣һЩȫʧڡɱȥһȭҳֱӺ˼ս
һñ̬ŷ̲סզࡣ
ȫ֣ҲûսҪ֪ۿǱֻƬѹסˣ޷һˡ
ǴʼԪ飬ˣӡûа취ȻʹֶΣɱһǿߣȴԽԽˡ
ȣԶ׼
ǿ֮һȻĻôҪأܿϧܵ˵ķԣǿΧ˲һ㱻ɱˣŽӡΪŷ͵顣
ŷ絹һϹΧȻһ㱻ɱˣŽ۷ӡǶǿ
˵ĶԻɫг˰ȻЩսһۣۻ⣬ǸڳֵĻϢǿ󣬾սȫԽ˹ŷ硣
ҫԼֶΣį˲֪£һѵĻˣȻŹ
һĻŷ̲ס𾪣˵⹫ʼˣҲ˰ɡ
ܻɣǰۣӦñԼʼǿΪֱʵ̫ˡ
ʹˣսϱɲ⣬Բۣı̬ټҡͷ˹ŷĲ²⡣
ðɣŷԼ͹Լʼǡ
ȫʢʱڣҲϷֺͻȻڣ˵
ŷ翴һۣ²⣬ǲˡ


1783 ټ
ۻ֣սЩս
䡣
ѣۻǿޱȣȻҪٵЩս
̫ˡŷ̲ס̾
Щսǿ󣬵ǵסòͣı顣ŷһһХͬ˳ȥ
ۼսһ֣ȻЩսǿƣǰսУҲѹȫ顣
գЩսȫʧʲôûʣ¡
̬Щ۵˳̲סҡͷ˵
ȴûǽĿͶŷ磬ɫ֮УһĨڴ˵ܹĵ۷壬ʱҿֻصķӡ
ó۴ʱԹŷ磬ǷǳϿɵġ
һ첻̫ġŷ翪ڣɫ档
ŷĻ۵ɫ¶һĨϲɫ˵ͷһۣ˵Ǹˡ
ŷʱҲܵȻķ仯ŻսҪˡ
ߡ
ŷһץסȻתߡ
˲䴩ԽʣµļսԹŷʵѾûʲôвˣֻҪŷע⣬ǰعŻսߡ
ʮӰڵһعŻսǰŷǳֵʱЩȫ֣ŷ硣
ŷһתһֻĳȥЩܱ飬ȫʧڵսǿһ㣬ȻʮҲ쳣ǿƣҲܵסһ
սһĻߣһˮ룬ҲֻЩʸδɵĻߵǸλõľ۷ǿߣܹסŷĹ
һڹŻս֮⡣ŷֱ˺ѿռ䣬һ̤ɽ֮С
ҴʮأָŷӦɽ״ǰЩһǿߣԵ÷ǳǿơ
ɽ֮ϣΧסоǿߺգʱʱһҪٵɽ
ŷһɫ
գʱӦ״̬¶һĨЦ˲֪Ϊ㲻ڣΪΪǿЦ
ѾӦˣеˣһľӶ࣬ˣҲһЩĳԱ֣ɽѹûа취𡣡
һͷţգһߣ˼ս
ǧʱ⣬ڴ󻷾Ӱ֮£ţħɻˣս죬Ǵʱȴ˾Ե·硣
ԷʵǿţħƿսĻԡѪǶսԷ
ŷһһĻߣʵڻ죬ȻܹѹƲŻһţħ
Ǹʲô۵ʦǰɣʲôƨۣͷڹ꣬ʦҲǿȥɱ㣬ɱǸʲôۡЦһмӡ
̬ɣԽţħ죬㹻ֶκʵѹԷ
ϣŷֵʱ㻹е˵ĻţħЦһ»ΣأһѸ£սԼĶ֡
ȻڹŷǰҲ˵һα۶ѣǰЩ˳ɵ˵Ǹŷ类ѹˣѾҲ˵Цıġ
˵Ρ
ţħҪмͲŹŷ¡ңΪŷ׽ˣţħʵѾ֪ŷǰ˹ŻսѾɾۡ
ߣͷάǸαۣھɱ㣬㻹ά𣿡Ц
ɱȻҪ֣ɱţħ
֮ʵǺܴģ֮ţħһֱδΪҪδ֡
ڼȻѾ˵ϣҲˡ
ŷ֪ţħΣգһҪֽţħҪжʱȴ¶һĨȵɫ
ΪȻﵽزŷ澪ȡ
һϤŮӣȻѾȥǧ꣬δ䣬ʱͻȻ֣ɱǸߡ
Ǹ͹ŷ޵һŮȻѾɳһ
һһ𣬹ŷδټȴˣȴû뵽Ȼʱ֣ΪȻﵽ˴۾ġ
ҲӦԼ֣һֱתһֻײһ
ۡ
һѪ˳ߵɳȥ֮УһĨ֡
һŮӣȻѹͲǶ֡
㵽ʲôˣΪҪҳ֣֪ҵݣߺǳ⣬Ҫ̧Լѹˡ
ʵϣ֮УĺвɵǿߵĴڡ
޵УǾݺᡣ˵ĿȻԷ֡
֣֪޷ŵԷˡֱӱȫȻɱ


1784 
ŷ£·һĻ
˼սʵǿ󣬵ʣѹԷһּ侪޵ı֣ȶԷС磬ǿԳѹƶ֡
𣿸ղ㲻ǺǿƣôˣʵķɣһŲֱӲǸߵԴ档
һּ裬ɫ࣬ŭŭȣҪˡ
Ϸ⣬ʣѹͻƲˡ
ֻδأ̫ˣȵǼһĻ˭ˡߣ˵
ɾλǸˣҵʦֶ˲ţЩ꣬ǿЦţħЦǸߵг˲м
һ㶼ȣ˵ͷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ţħ˵Ĳ֮Уû˭ܹѹǹŷΪ۵ģκ˶С
ɫ֮УһĨŨŨΡ
ţħЩȣһۣ˼˵һĻҲҵʦֶϱ
ɫ΢죬һ£һ㽫߷˳ȵģϽҡͷ˵ģҺ͹ŷ֮䣬ûʲôϵҲϲǸɫǡ
ɫ죬һߵӡţħҲʲôʵˣ˵ǻԸˣӣλף̲סһЦŶһʱɫˡ
ͻȻɫЩ̾Ϣһ˵Ǹһôܿң
Ʋ֮У˹ŷһۣһӵӡֻȴĽԼô£ȴûһŮˣǣҶǣ͹ŷȣʵǲ̫Զˣһֲƽĸо
ţħһ£¶һĨЦݣ˵λİɣòʦֶߵĻ벻ܾһķӡ
𣿡۾һ
ǧʱ⣬ǵӰУûбˣһкԼϲǸһ
ֻǣѾ˺͹ŷһĻᣬڹŷΪ˾ۣùŷ绹ܹԼ
ȻģԼ˸񵣱ǼһﲻͬĻţͻȥˣףǸʦֶӦŷȻʱһ㣬һݷǳسءţħ˵һĲӡ
һϲţħĻпܳΪ֮һ
뵽Щʧ
ҲʱµǸߣȻȻʧĽŸˡ
߳˳ȥҪ
ţħĶԻŷǲģʡΣǼҲûа취ˣֻܳ֡
һֻգߵסֱץС
ȴãŷһ߲ҽһֱӱɱˡһĻˣһ߰ɽԷѹɱߵĻҲһ򵥵顣
ǣֻֻһһˣʵ˵˼㡣
˭˽ĿͶ˹ȥ
һ˴֮߳˶̲סһŷ硣
׺ˣһεӣŷ羹Ȼţħ֮ĶԻѾŷȥˡ뵽Щ죬ҿŷ硣
ȿȣǸҸŷֱͣҪԼһƣⲻǳԼ͵˺ܳʱ
ɫ΢죬Щ˼
˵ţħ̲סҡͷҶСˣõɬ
뵽ֱӿڣʦֶŮһ¡
ɫһҧŴȻû˵Ŀȴڹŷϣ˼ԣڵȴŷĻش
ȿȣʦ˵ʲôŷɿһ
ţħĿ˹ŷһۣһԹ˵ʲôʦǲʦĻͲˣȻĻԺҲʲˣ¸ˡ
ţħţƢһǾޱȣùŷ綼ЩЦá
ȻʦգҲ飬ʵǹ̫ܵһ㡣ŷҲ͸аԹϼ䣬˵ǲܵġ
ȿȣʦ˵ͲˣʦֶҶһֱأ˵ɣȻϵɽ͹ҶȥֻҪǴʦġŷظ˵һۣվҧԼ촽ɫ֮дһĨӣҲڸ̾
ŷû뵽ǧ֮˾ȻܹԵ֡


1785 ۸
ţħ˼ŷкҪ
ʵϣŷδ⡣ޣʵǴԺҲûм档
˵ĻҲһϵǷǳ𺳣һֱǧ֮һвĸ飬ȴûʲô
ǽŷܿѾˡ
ҵ˼㻹𣿡ţħ˹ŷһۣ˵
֪ţħ˼ŷЦһһۣ˵ίһۣһȺŮ˷һˣ˵ʵ̫ƽˡ
ۺͻһǹ֮УΪ޵һЩˡУԼİ
ʦֶ˵仰û˼ˣ֮У˭֪һ֣ǼȻ֪һ㣬Ȼϲ㣬Ҳ˵λﲢںһ㡣ţħ˹ŷһۣ˵Լķ
ȻֻǷţħȴΪ϶
ŷЩѵĻ֮ɫָţħһۣҡͷ˵ǰˣ飬޷ǿǰϲңҲǲϲҵģԼˣټ
תŷ۽ᣬת˺ѿռ䣬Ҫ뿪
׷ŷƨһšȴԼ죬۵Ҫ
ɾ֮󣬹ŷӲ˼㣬ûдﵽǸ磬Ȼ˺ŷ壬֮еܲˡΪ֮󣬹ŷĽˡ
ȻҪ׷Ҳֻʱˡʮ飬ǰǵٵһµ۷壬ǿ˼㣬ΪͻƣֶΣܹԼ̵ʱ֮ڣﵽǰĳ̶ȡ
ŷûȥ׷ֱ⻮ռ䣬һֻһһӰȻŷס˶ԷС졣

һ촫ŷ絹ˣѪǰˣӶɳˡΪԼץû뵽ǣǰŮӣȻһİŮˡ
ǿͬǳƯ֮Ϊ绪ΪǴʱԷ˫ͨ죬һ˫ӣڹŷϣҪһ
ͽӣǸŮɱ졣
ʵǿ˼㣬ȻĻҲ˺ŷ硣ŷüͷһ߳ɫŹ֡
ʦ𣬶Բ𣬹ŷ϶ǹġ˵ϽΪŷͣŷǵһѪ˿ʱ̲סʦҲ̫˰ɣȻŷ촽ҧˡ
ޡһڿˮ˳ǸŮӺݺݵĵһۣȻ˵СѾͷұ죬Ҳûҧ쵰Ȼң治Ҳġ
ʦ𣬹ŷ϶ǹģĲҪˣ϶㵱ˡͣԼʦ
֪Լʦǳǿĺ͹ŷͻĻҲŷԿ
ߣô˵治Ҫѵʦ𿪿ڣϴһĨŭɫٿһۣ˵ҽҵ㣬һɵұƯòã
̲סһۣ˵ʦܹǰ𣿡óԼʦЩΡ
ʲôˣѾͷΪۣ;ʦҶǲǣûˡŮ˱˱죬ȻҪ޳ӡ
ŷԼԴЩԹۣԼôһŮˡ
۸У˵ǷŮˣĲ㡣ʦͻȻŭĿתƵŷϣһĨŭɫ
ŷĿɿڴԼѣô֪ģвͨǶڹŷ˵ӦòŶԡǵʱۣ̣ȻͬһսǿߣҲ޷쵽ŷʲô
ңŷûκĸоԷ֪뷨ˣʵ̫аˡ
Ϊ۾ͺ˲Ҫ֪뷨ϹȻĻӲҵĸӦʦ𽾰˵
ŷüͷ˵ղŶð£ֻҲǴ治Ͼʦ𣬵Һ֮䣬ϾûʲôأղŵܱǸ벻Ҫô治ҡ
ŷ˵ĺ棬Щǲܱϵġ
ŮͽܣҲóƺˣ۸棬Ǵ治ʦЦ˵
ŷһ£Ȼû뵽ԷȻݡ
ŮĵӣֲöԷ˵Ļ
˰ɣɾ¿ͷʦŹŷ磬Ц˵
ͷŷ̲סЦˣһ˫ӶڶԷϵģһĨаȡ
ҪʲôʦͻȻһֲõԤС


1786 ʦͽ
ŷһаЦȻ˻У𾪵УŷٴסС졣
ʦɴ۾û뵽ԼѾݡǹŷ羹Ȼ顣
һǣ͸ղЩһŷԵ˿ıݣ̴Ун
ʦԺк¡¡죬û뵽ᷢ顣
Դ֮УһƬ磬֪ԼЩʲôˣһ˫޳ĸ첲ʶĻס˹ŷĲӣ˿ཻԵЩ޼ɵ
ţħһߣ̲ס壬ڼʥ֡Ǻ͹ŷȣʵǲ̫ԶˣŷһŮ˵ٶȣЩա
ţơʣţħľ̾
ĿɿڴԭŮ˶׷ֵģһʮʮĴеЩˡ
Ǿԭءô£ŷϲˣȴԼʦһǣЩ֪롣
Ҫת뿪ЩģӦһġ
վˣɫӡ
ʱ򣬹ŷһֻֽץ˹ȻڻС
Ҫŷ縲סС졣
һ˹ŷĻС
ţơ
ţħ̲ס̾ˣĻʥ֣ʦͽͬʱ£ףŷղŲǲҪҪʦͽһ¡
ֻǣŷ֪ʦģţħͲ֪
֪Լȫǲ´ˣһжɺϣŷҲû뵽ԼҵһϢȴǶԷʦ
ʦĴ̼֮£ŷȻˣǿн˶§˻С
ڹŷʹʱʦ˹һ˫һЩӵĿһ۹ŷ磬ʱҪܹŷе뷨ѾˡŷֶΣһУȻͨҲ֪ŷЩʲô
ңʦףԼˡ
ԩҡпЦŷ§ڻУķڹŷļͷ
ʱʦûиղֲŵӣǳľȻһСĸо
ŷ綼ЩȣɿС죬Էɫ죬ɬ˼㡣
ϲֵˣֶŮǰϲһЦݡ
ʦֶţƣʦҶˡţħ̾
ŷ翴һۣһЦ˵û취˳̫˧ˣôŮ
С
ʦˣȻͬʱһ
Ȼһ㶼ͬŷ˵ֻǳ˧СǲŲϲϹŷء
ȿȣ˵˻ˣλӲôǳˡŷʱ֪Լ˵ˣϽǸ
һӣĻϲʦȴɫӡ
֪ҵݣҪңѵµǴ𣿡ʦʵһ˫ĿڹŷϣһĨ̽
ۣ˭ǴңҼȻ˵ҵŮˣͲֻ֣Զңνı֣Ͳ⣬ֻҪûѪԵϵͿҵŮˡŷ˵
ŷĻʦ΢΢ԥһ£Ȼ˵ҽ
˵Լ֣Ͽɹŷ˵Ҳ˵ŷһˣʦͽ
û˵ֻҪܹ͹ŷһôνģǧĵȴеһЩֺ뷨Ѿˡ
䡣
ڹŷ˵ʱԶͻȻһը졣
ŷһ˹ȥɽϣǿ߼սһ˱ǶˣʥǶѾ˻߾磬ʱ⼸߼սѷ֡
ԿԿ·磬ǶԷĶ֡
쵰Щ̫ˡţħҧ
ûйϵɽ֮еˣһ߲ŷ絭˵ɱȻûһԥ
Щ˵Ϊùŷŭˣ۾ˡ
§Ůˣһ̤˻ɽ֮ϡ
ŷһ˳ȥһը飬ɱ˶ȻĿͶŷķ
ŷ֣˶סˡֻɽߵˣȴЦ˳һĳԱеҪ޵ĳ嶯
ŷ磬˵еľۣȻˣǵǰŷЩˣȫľ
ߡ
һ߷ӦתҪߡ
һ̣һֻŲǸߵϣԷ飬
ԹŷۼսȻһĻ߾죬סһοЩˣΪߵģҲǻǿ߶ѡ
ѾˣʲôɽҪЩΪϣɽʢŷ絭˵ҪɱЩߣϡ
ŷĻЩߴŭǸҳ֣໥һ£Լͬתܡ۳Ϊ۵ǲǹŷ磬ȴףԼҲǹŷĶ֡


1787 Ĩɱ
ŷֱ֣ӶסЩˣһЩը飬ǵѪѪ꣬ŷɱȵɽ档
ôѪɽǰӷʢˡ
ܶޣһ˲䣬˺üΡŷĤݣŷĶ顣
ŷ粻Ǻ⣬ʱ򣬶λʥ˹ŷ֮Уؾ̾
ԡѪɱ޷Щߣȴסŷһֱӱȫɱ
ĳΪˣʵ
ŷͷһЦٰ
̬꯵ĿУ³ĻŷЩһۣû˵
ħ̲סͬ꯵Ļ˵һ̬Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ȻΪˣеš
Ϊﵽˣֻսﵽ۾磬Խ۹λΪۣڵΪ൱ڻ߶춥ʿŷ͡
ŷĻڳ˶𾪡
൱ڻ߶죬ȴۼս̫ˡ
̬ˡ꯼˵ùŷһŵĳ嶯
չŷ뷨Ͼһͱ˲һһһӣĺЦ
Լıӣŷ翴ԼеŮһۣ˵ԹԵĵңȥɽе֮ˣȫ
á
Ļش
š
ԶԣΪͽܵģӵһ㡣
ŷʧȥЩˡյ磬Źŷĺѣ;ûʲô𣬹ŷȻԸ⿴ʲôʺʧ
ʵϣڵɽάŷǺ;һԴġ
ŷ뿪֮󣬻ͻȻ˵Ҹˡ
˶һĿҲһ̲ס˵ʦ㲻Ǵӡ͹ŷһ𣿡
ʦ˾Ȼʦͽţħ֮⣬ڳļˣȫ̲סɴ۾Ȼ֮Ĺϵˡ
Ͼ˾ʲôãǶȣʦͽͬһˣʵ̫ټˡ
ûǵĿֻ˵ҵӦ֪ǲܺ͹ŷһģȻĻ϶Ầ
΢΢ЩĬȻ֪
ǣŷʦĸŷ𣿡̲סʵϾǸܳ裬ȴǹŷһʦѪ
֪֪Ǹ˵ΣգŷȻǲһĶ֣Ҳ뺦㲻ȰˣԼҾͻȥˣ߹ŷ磬ҪȥҡЩĵѵ
ܹܵŷռǳǿҵһˣرŮ˷档ȻѾ˵ԼŮˣͿ϶֡
ǣȴףԼں͹ŷһĻں˹ŷ磬顣
ۣһǶֵˣڳжһԷжôǿ
ûʣǹŷ飬һˣʲôҪŷ֪Ļ϶߹ŷ硣
ңŷǽ⣬Ǿһϣκΰ
ʦ㱣ء˵Щᣬǻ
˵ͷֱ˺Ѵ뿪
Ǻ棬̽Ҫλڵĵط˽һʲôӵ硣һ֪ʲôϸǹŷҪһʱǿΪŷṩ꣬ùŷٻʱ䣬һȥҡ
̫ˣȻŷΪۣδܹڼ̵ʱ֮ұ顣
̽ȴûзǸ磬ֻһƬգڻѾʧˡ
ôܣħ
ħһۣȻ֪ʲô飬һĨЦݣ˵λ϶æˣǸطԸ߽ķȻĻȻǵۣҲǸط
ԭȻѾԭ򣬵Ǽ˸ˣһʲôӵĴڣٳһʲôӵ磬Ȼǿ£˾̾
ɽУһѪŷ֣ɱЩߡЩ߸ܵˣǿߣڻɱǡ
һЩҪӳȥȴ֣ɽ类ӡϢת
ǹŷ磬ˡЩʿŵ˵
϶ǹŷ磬ɾ۵Ƕһƭˣ찡ۣˡ
һǡ
ǽеԹйϡЩȴûжһŷܳˣҲֽ
˵ףԼԼ


1788 ۻ
ȵŷֻһ˵ʱɫʱ
ˣŷʵ
ͷС˵Բʦ˵㲻Ҫȥɡ
ΡŷЦҪŮˣʲôʱöԷܵ
ʦŷ
ҡͷҧŴ˵ԲҲ˵ʵʦҲǵİΣ
Ļŷһѵлбԭ
˵иʲôǿǻĻ϶鷳ǸӦúŮʼеϵﲻܵ˺Բ뿪˵ġŷ͡
ŷʱɫһһףԼܵ˺ȻΪСԻ뿪ġùŷ쳣ޡ
ΪۣЩϹ˭˵ѹԼҲЩѾõĻߵ𣬲ʵɡ
ҪɱԼĻҲǲܡŷܹ֤ɱԼ
ˣҲò鱾ͺûйϵҲԹʦֻҪӦһ˵󣬹ŷɫЩࡣ
˵Źŷ硣
Ϊ㹻ʱ򣬸ȥڵǸط֪ҵŮʼ棬ǳĲҳΪ֮ûиܵĵطֵط뱻ˣ۶Ҳŷ絭˵һֲΥĸо
ͷ֪ŷΪˣһʲôʮͷǵۣΪԼܵ˺ԼһŮ˵ĻҲʵ̫ˡڹŷľ˵Իһ޴Ĵ
Ӧŷ¶һĨЦݣḧЩϧ˵Щ꣬ˡ
һָ飬˼ǧꡣڹŷ˵һ𺳡
Ҫ֪Լ֮ĽǺܶ࣬û뵽ȴһŮӣȴǧĹһΣŷҲҪһֱȥ
ͬţħ˵ģŷһӣԷĶԴѾ㹻ùŷϲˡǧǰһޡ֮𺳣޷ȴһв
ؾݡ
ŷ˵ɽеߣѾɵûıҪˡ
ţħһҪ˵һЩʲôȴסŷȻע⵽һ㣬ȴû̫׷Ҫһصݣɽ綼˵ݵʽǺܺáŷҲΪԼܣ붼ܹסԹŷҪȥݡ
ȵŷıӰʧţħſ˵Ϊʲô˵
ȥ˾֪ˣαڸֲʲôϢܹʲôʱ򣬾ʲôʱ򡣡꯵˵
վҪ֪ġţħ̾Ϣ
ҡͷû˵̾һ˵ϣŷ粻Ҫ̫ܵĴʱ۷涼Ҫ߸ˡ
ȫŷķ
ŷȴ֪Ļϲӵһ𣬻صݡЩѪζùŷһ
֪ݵӣܺùȴû뵽ԷȻ˾ϳ
Ѿ˵ˣʽѾϾʲôز
ŷͻȻſг֣һϺƵ硣
֮е飬ȫ֮ϵ֮ǵɴ۾
ۣһ߾ΡΡͻȻڵϣĤݡ
ۣۻˣδĳΪۣҾݴϲһʿϲ˼㣬ֱҪһ
ҾüҪˣһǶʿѪڣ쳤Х
֪ԼۻǱ㲻ٱϣûκˣڵʱǡ
޵Уе
Щ˸ߺȻǿߣĤݣŷߵסǼԿԼ
ŷ֪飬϶ܵίȻĻַӦġЩµûţԼûչ˺Щˡ
ҹŷˣΪۣعݣǣǷģӽ쿪ʼû˿˺ǣҹŷֻҪڣһǿ塣ŷ翪ڣлص
鶼Ǽߺ۵֣ȸղŸ
һ֮ŷӿû嵱У鶼֮쳣һЩǿߣڹŷ˵һӴ
ֱӽЩ֮ԼüģԪ񣬵Ȼˣŷϵʥ⣬Ҳӵˣ硣
е鶼֪ŷعˣھСһЩĲŷѾɱǿߣһɫ԰ףǸܵϢǶԾ飬ŷ϶Źǡ


1789 
Щɫ԰ףһִ־壬л֣̿еˣڵϣŷķĤݡ
ںڣ¹ŷԼ鷳
ۻع飬һĻˡ
ŷˡԯǱѣȫ˳
ۡԯݺᣬһɫŹŷ磬۾Ȼˡ
ŷüۼһ˶˳һӰȴûмŷûж룬öǶԷȥȥˡ
ʦ𡣡
ų˳һطҧԼĴ۾죬Źŷ磬Ȼ˽˹ŷĻС
ŷпһ£ȴûĵط롣
ŵСԴ˵ţŶ೤ʱ䣬ʦˡֻȴһֲõԤС
۾ͨ죬Źŷ磬û˵ֻ֮дһĨޡ
ŷһüͷͻȻȥˣ
ŷĻһ˵ˣɫȫĬȥ
ڤҹŷһֱֻӽڤץ˹ڤʵأ
˶ֻţǲڡ
ڤĬڹŷע£Լͷ
Ϲ㲻Ҫ侲ԯ˵
ԯĻŷûжֻǶڤ
ˡڤǳ鴤һ£³Ļ
ŷ۾ɴˣ˲䱬һɿµɱ⣬ʱڤˣȫ˳ȥͬʱ³һѪ˶һۣԷеĿɬ
ŭˣɱţҪһ
ʲô飿ŷʡ
侲һ£ڤûйϵԯߵŷߣһֻסŷĸ첲Ҫƽŷɱ⡣
һŷѹסԼǻŭ𣬵ˬӣȴȫħһ
ҪһͣﶼҵֵˣҲܽκ˵䡣ŷһ˶֣ŷ嶼ڲڼ͵Ľ
תԯĴ֣ڹŷ߶վס˳ȥ
ڵĹŷ磬ʵ̫ǿˣһŭƣĲ͵ס֮ǰǿ̫ˣŷѾΪۣʵױȡ
˶һۣǶԷеĵǡ
ŷһܵĴ̼е̫ˣΪһֱŷ罫ԼֵǶչ˵ĺܺãǷκ⣬δʧһֵܣֻ뿪ʮ꣬㷢飬ŷܲˡ
ҵĴڤڣԼ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ҪĲֽͣҵ׷ʲô飬ҹŷֵܣôġ
ǿ֣߳һͶӰֱͻƽ磬ǻɱˣЩˣǵ֮£ȫӦսǻˣֻǸʱѾˣѾɱˡԯͣҲֻ˵ŷŭ̫ˡ
𡣡
ŷ쳤Х𶯣˵ֱӳ뿪
ãŷȥ鷳ˡڳ˶ɫһŵùǺҪ֪ϳ֮УǿǹŷǰȥȻᾪеǿߣŷһˣδǵĶ֡
ΪﻹлͶӰͶӰǿ󣬽ڻ𾳽ս
õģǿ֪ܲŷѾΪۣ޵УΪֻ˵˵𣿡˵һ㡣
û˱ּս
ҹŷʵһ۸ǿƣҲֻµ֣ǱһЩոճɵۣҪǿƵĶࡣ
ֻҪǸ͵𣬲һ֣κιŷ硣
ǿߣڵĹŷ˵ֻ˵Ͳˡ޵Уһ֮µǿߡ
˴ʼ棬һ֣ɱ˻ۣҲĴֻۡǰ˴ʼ棬ȫǿߣʶʸ񣬶Ҵﵽ˻۷壬ʵ޽ӽǸ硣
ĴڣȻܿ£ܹ԰˸˵һ۵κһˣ鶼ǲܷġ
֪ŷΪˣǸȴһҪˣһʱŷ粻ǾΣˡڤ˵ɫ֮дһĨǣʲôɫ
Ǹ𼴽ˣϢЩܵˡ
оһ˵УҪȥæ
ҲȥҲڡ
ҡͷڤһۣ˵ȥˣڤһǵʵȻȥˣҲֻ۵ķݡ
ĻҧЩ
Ҹһȥȴ˳ɫأ˵
һۣ¶ȵɫ죬ôģôô죿


1790 帲
û˵ֻҧ
һЩ꣬ǻķǳãһǱɱܵ˺ܴĴ̼֪ʲô취ڷǳ̵ʱڣ硣ۿһۣʱȫʵĶ֣Էʵǿףɲ⡣
Ҳȥԯ쿪ڣҲһȥ
㻹ˣʲô⣬ŷĻġҡͷֱӾܾ
Ƕսʥ壬ʵǿ󡣡ԯЩޣʵףһսǳΣգŷ϶ҪƴġһǰȥΪ˱ģֻΪڹŷҪʱ򣬽
˵ķǳ档
ԯһ˫ӣϣŭҪȥĻҲס
ӡ
ֱ֣ɱԯ졣
ͷ֮ϣʮգѹ¡
ǿֶΣΪɱԯ죬Ϊ˽ԯӡ˵ܹõǿֶΣܹ˺ԯ졣
ԯδ뵽ȻĸҶֱ֣ӳҪԷѹơ
һжѾˣǿֶΣȻʵˣҪѹοԯ졣
ס֡ԯŭ
û˵һ˫ȴǷǳ䣬ԯ죬˵ŮȻǿҲҪ£Ϊ˵Щ飬ǱģҲν
ͶʮûһŮϲ㡣һۣԯŭ˵
ԼıӣЩƣһֱʹĸоԼʮȷʵûϲ
ʵŰɣӲҪϲЦ
ڤһۣת뿪
ʱĹŷ磬ֱҵڣɢϣ·ɱȻ
䡣
ֻغ綼ڱ飬ǿ䣬Ѫ͵סŷĹ
ʲô飿ǿ߾ľ֪ʲô顣
ǿ߽ǣڻǵ硣ʣµģٶǿߣɫȻ֮£ͬһ㣬ɪɪ
лҪȥǱһУը飬
ûܹӳȥ۵ŭһ߾죬Ҫȥͬһֻ£Ǹ߾ը顣
ȫȻҪ֪ǿǻ߾ǿڣ˵ֱǴʱһֻĨɱ㽫ǵĻ߾ɱˣʵʵ̫ˡ
ʲôˣΪʲôҪ壬𣿡лŭȣѪΪ磬Ų鶼ȥˡ˵ȻضһͰһǣδ顣
ڣȴʧ˾ŲĳԱһȫĨɱӣȻûбȫĨɱҲˣܴ̫ʱ䡣
ŷ֣Ҫɱǡ
ۡоĻߣͨ˹ŷ磬ʱ̲סб
ۣˣҸǿϣΪǸǿߣʵ̫ˡ
ۣˡǿߣɫ԰ס
嶼Ǹ߸ϣֻڹŷǰһٵı裬ѹԹŷʱҲûһţΪԼǹŷĶ֡
ңڹŷΪˣϢҶܹܵ
۳֣˭ܹס
嵲סżЩ
˳֡ǿߴ󺰵
ãû˻ӦǣǸνĻδ֣֪ʵϣ͵𣬶ӡһĿռ䣬Ҳǵڡ
֡Щ˾Ĵ󺰡
Ȼ߾죬ҲһҪ֣Ǿһжãδ֣һϢûС
˵ǸųĻ𲻸ҳǳҲȲǡŷ˵
ŷĻЩǿŭ⣬ٴδҪԼĻһжã߲֣һƬž
˵ˣҳŷ絭˵תֻɱ⣬硣
һЩ߶ը飬ڷ
ֻм߾ĴڣĿŹŷ磬ŭŷ磬ǻˣҪɱǣ岻ģȻǿ󣬵һʹӣҪ
ɱֵܣǸνĻ壬Ҳֻ߹ѣҲҪŷ絭˵ɱȻ
һ糹׸Ȼ߾죬δӳ
ŷ絥һУһεͷѪ˹ŷնɱôĻߣͷѪѾ㹻


1791 
ֻҪҵʣµļŷܹԼİ»ʦָ
ڵĹŷ磬ȴ˲¶һĨЦƨ޵еȥˣǻĻһսҪͷڹꡣ
ŷǳ䣬Ŀɨգȴһ㷢ֶûСŷףطĵĲԸЦһ˵ͷڹꡣ
˵֮󣬹ŷתߡ
һμȻˣҪ׾ЩͻԺңһҪ
֮󣬿ֻǸ֮硣Ӧɱ΢΢һ룬֪ŷ絽ȥˡ
뵽Ͻ˵ȥһ塣
ڤͷ뿪һ塣ףŷŭȻ壬һҲܱŷŹġ
ȴ֪뿪֮ǿߵѪȫ۳Ȼѿһѷ죬ЩѪȫȥˡ
ʲôƨۣɱūͣҳȥ֮ȥնɱ㡣ǸЦţȻǸ
ղŹŷɱʱδ֣ڣȴЩѪҪԼķӡ
ܵ⣬Լһʱ̣һǳǵ顣ˣǺ⣬ǿݣٷֲһܵѹ档
ʱһֻͻȻ֣ȻֱûǸС
ʲôûߣŭЩңû뵽ԷȻˣǶһߣȴԼֳȻٳ֡
ֱûǸУѪʳձ飬ﻯһƬɡ
ǸͣزҽУպͻУе֣ӡѹԷֻѪֱԵ÷ǳ¡
ǴǸѷ֮УͣĹǸը飬ĺͷӡʼˡ
һּµ󣬻ϢǸҪˡ
ŷӰ¶ɫĮ֮ǰν뿪ֻնԷֵһѣԷϵˣץסᡣ
ǲ
գȫ飬һȫѪƣ쳤ХһԳչա
ǿߣһ𣬴ʱ֣Ϣ֮䡣
֮У̲סĿڵأҲ˵ˡ
Ϊһֱд˵һл𣬵ǴûпڼˣϢµ˼㣬ȾۣҪֲ
Ϊܹ˵ˣȻҷųҾɱ㡣Źŷ磬ϴһĨЦ
ɱȻһ˫һڹŷϣ˱Ϣ
Ǻǡ
ŷͻȻһЦһϢ˳ȥ
ǽϢŷһ㶼δģֱӴ˳ȥһϢûͷ­üġ
ǸûзӦҲû뵽ŷҵľȻĶ
һ̣ǸҽһֱըˣһƬѪ
ŷɫȻûʲôĵɫΪкףһɱ˶ԷһǳǿĻȻһֲҲ
䡣һѪⷢ⣬ճͣһΡ
Ǹ𿪿ڣһ˫ӶŹŷ磬ɱȻ
ⰵȾѪȻָǿ״̬ҲãΪղıشˣһʵһ˲½㡣
һµĸȻˣԹŷ磬ʮ㡣
ɱǣŷ綢ʡ
ŷĻǸЦȻ˵˭Ҳ֪һ϶ѣûҼϵʸ񡣡
ĻŷĿЦƾ仰ɱһٴΡŷӱ䣬ڻϣ˵
Ȼɥʧʵ㲻һʿΪܹΣԶ֪ﵽǿߣһʲôӵʵҵɨһʱ޵УСܹܵġ𿪿ڣЦŹŷ磬ɱȻ
Ǻǡ
ŷҲЦˣֻЦķǳ䡣
Ŀײһһ𻨣Ƕ໥ɱ⡣
䡣
һ֣ٻһȫĵ̣ʱŷ˹ȥ
ʿ֮УǻģǾ޽С
ŷͬٻ罣ȻУ罣ɨȥײһ
䡣
ﱬĶŷ絹ˣһ˿Ѫ
һײŷˣɴ˿ɼԷжô


1792 ܻâ
ҲһһѪԼŷɭȻ飬ͬһͷŭ̫ޡ
û뵽һâôʱ䲻ڵȻǿˣҳԼղСʵԼҵĶ𣿡âЦһֱ񱩵˼㡣
磬ڲһЩ类ȫڹѡ
ŷüͷһ壬һʥ⣬סЩ硣Ȼֳ罣վȥ潣磬ޱȣײһ

ȫȣеȫ趯սһ
۵棬ʵ£𶯹Žδǿ߶ȻЩ߶ϣŷܡ
ҲЩˣɫţϣʤΪ̫ڰˣΪϡ
һսܼңŷʩչֶΣսǵۣԷɵʱ̫ˣȻֶһΣϵΪսͬ£ȻˣҲ͹ŷսһƽ֡
䡣
˼սһưܵĹŽ硣һ̣ǸŽ飬ɢ
ŷ緢˿趯һѰ콣ɢâԷȥ
âָ춯أǵأûޱȣۣȻ飬ɱŷ硣
Щ鶼ǿȫǴ˵еĴڣϾˣҲйŷ粻ʶħЩײ
ըŷȫ̲סˣ໥ӣȫܹԷɱ
һսݡ
ӡ죬ŷʩչͨʥӡɱȥ
ǿµһĻʥȣһ֣ޱȣɱȥ
Ǭ߸ˣʱ֮ųȥ۳֣һз򣬶ֹͣתֻ޾ɱͻ֮µ˼㡣
âһٶܹȥͬʱ˫ֽӡ˫չȡ޾Ļ֮һͷֲĻħɱǰ
ıͨħ棬ɨһеС
䡣
ըѡ
޾緭пµɱۣĵ㺮
˶ֲ̫ˣɱ죬ٴμսһѪڣ硣ﶼҪ㸲ˡ
ŷûʩչһ֮ΪΪǸ׼ģʩչâȻɱˣһδȥԷȫʢʱڣǳ֣ŷ粻ܺ档
ڣֻҪսǱƲѣŷ粻ʩչ֮
ȫٵܶΣǴڿѪѪɺˡǹŷһ˫ӣ񲻼ŶԷ˵ɱֵܣҪѪծѪ
ŷ뵽ţǵ˵ɱ⣬ӿˡ
ŷĻâЦȻŷսŵˣǰȻŷ磬̫ˣϾֻһҪɱңͲܣһ㡣
âҲһĵӣŹŷ磬ϴЦ
ȻâΪԼʵΪһĻеǵùŷ粻ˣɱزŷѾˡ
𣿡ŷ¶ЩЦݣûâһ
ѵŷ绹ʲôֶΣаţҪ֪սһûʲôˡ
ŷ绹пµֶΣδʩչҲ̫ˡ
ѡ
һֶϻ귢âϵı齩סˣҽһüѿͷ­ơ
ⰵȻǱ˵ˣԪ֮϶ơ
һֶϻ꣬ʥͨâѵ˵壬Ȼը
ŷЦʥ죬ȻʯֵҲͬ˵ʥˣʥʩչһֶϻ꣬ǿ˼㡣
Ȼۣ޷סŷһȡ
𡣡
ŷٴδһֶϻ귢âԪըһǣɢ
һ̣âԪٴۣŹŷ磬˵ΪۣĲ಻ģ㻹ɱҡ
Ȼشǻâţǿߣɱ
ŷЦٴκȳһֶϻꡣ
âԪٴۣҪǹŷ׼ֻأС
ݻֻأҡâЦȻֻ֮ܵǲġ
𣿡ŷɫ䣬Ӻ˸
ڻâ𾪵УзɳһƬֻƬŷ罫ֻƬֻصС

â¶ֵɫֻݻͨ£ΪͲȴһһֻƬѹһϹһ¡
䡣
ֻͨȫգ׽âû
µֻ֮תڽâֻءһֻأˣâĵŷֱɱ


1793 ۿ
âԼԪǱܣҪȥȻЩҲڵľ磬վȱɱҪǿöࡣ
ֻأ˵˼㣬ֻƬͳ岻ȥ
գâһɣתȻһСǻâתɫ㯣Źŷ磬֮¶ɫ
ŷЩĿɿڴֻ֮ȻµزһۡȻŪӣΪһͨСһģŷ羹Ȼһ²ֵĸо
ȻҲֻѣһ̣һֵֻ˹ȥСը顣
һĻ𱻻ɱŷ쳤Х
ˣɱһǿƵĻ𡣡ǳ֣һֱڹսδ֣Ϊǿ֮ǸͲ岻֡
ŷɱһǿƵĻҪ֪ǻâĴڣǻ֮УǿƵĴڣҪЩϹľˡ
һˣŷɱˡ
һֱ뺷սټûһոյٵ𾳽ĴڣնɱһҪﵽ۷Ļ
ŷһڻ統У¶һĨЦ
ɱ˻âҲˡһֶϻֻ꣬ƬԷɱŷδܹսʤԷ
ܴĿܣ֮䣬ʯ١
ǸҸͲĶ֣ҵʲôӵΪԼкסŷЦ
һ޾ԪûУŷϢڽĻָ̫ǿˣȻսѪɺԣҲܹڼ̵ʱ֮ڻָ
ʵҲ㹻ǿˣһЩΪ۲ʱˣҪǿֹǵһҴûмڶı̬˵
̬֣ùŷЦڤһۣɫ֮΢΢ЩȻ˵ڤҲҪ⣬ǸʱˣˣôᣬĲ֪κǳʽ
ŷĿЦĴʵ̫ˡ
ţʮ꣬Źŷ龰ŷ绹Ŀڣţȴˣʿ˵һǧֱ꣬Ϳ˵Ӣš
Բûбڤɫ֮Щء
ûйϵһĿ͵Ϯֻһǳ⣬ҲǲеĴˣһһŹǸҪŷŲ죬ɱȻ
ŭ仯Ųٳһɿµѹڹŷϡ
ŷ¶һĨЦðԵĲ죬仰˵𣿡ĿȻŲ죬ɱ¶š
䡣
ŷֱ֣ӱŲ١
ڵΪֻҪԳ̶ֳ֣ȵѾŷˡ
ڹŷǻŭ𣬸νҪ֣̳֣һԥûС
˶֪ŷʢŭڤû˵Ҳû˵շǳѹ֡
Ǹâƺõģֻɱǣұŭ壬Ѫ׼ԳˣֻûƵӵнϢսǱеҪǿˣҵУ㲻Ҫ̶ֳǿߵƣܹסġŷһ΢ѹ뵽һС
ֻһƣΣ֮п϶ҪһˣǺ͹ŷǳ׽ˣŷŻʧȥǣɱâԳ
ֻǻâ˹ŷֶΣԼűɱˡ
Ȼŷ˵ڤףŷĲ²⣬Եĳле㲻ܵ˼㡣
еˣֵܣرţǣ֮⡣
ˣôˣǻȥʱ죬һҪǣЩһϡŷ˵
Ļ˶̲סͬǵͷ֮дһĨ⡣
صݣŷʱ˶һȥսһ𣬺ܶ˶¡
ڹŷ簲ȫڳ˶ˡ
ԯ챻ŷܹоֱʡһָ⿪˷
ԯ춢ŭɱ쵰ɫŭȥ
ŷһѽԯסȻ§ԼĻС
Ҫˡŷ˵һ䣬Ľԯ§ס
ԯ̾ϢһܹܵŷģǳĲƽܵ˼㡣ŭԯһָֻϹŷ˵ܾͿ޳𣿡
ޣ˶𺳣ǿۣôܻޣɫ֮УһĨš
һ̣𾪵鷢ˡŷˣ۾ˮ
رɫ˿ˮ𾪡˶ܹܵŷʹ࣬ܵ˼㡣


1794 ݳ
иУܵ۵ıˣͬ
а̾ȫû˵ֵһλ˵һִĴ̼˶ܱˡ
һգݳĬ
֮УȴѾˡ
ɾ֮λһʱ䣬ɱ塣Ǹʢһʱ壬ΪϣǵūͣȻݺͰȻūۡ
һǿ壬л򣬻Ǳˣ˶̾Ѿ޵ˡ
ɨ޶֣ơ
һЩŽ֮УгԱȫɫ԰ס⼸ʮʱ֮ڣ˲飬޺ʿ
һΣ۵Ը񣬶㡣ȴܵס۵Ĺǿͬ嶼ˣοǡ
ˣˡ
һʱ̰ûпе˰
ۣԭǣҵȲҪԾݣʵһĹƻ󣬲Ĵġ
ܶڴҪԭ¡ҲЩ˾ۻŹԼ
ܷŹǵģֵܱɱһʱʢŭУһ壬Ȼһٵۣ۲ֵĻǲءЦЩˣɫм
˵ĻЩŽˣɫ԰ף֪˵Щʲôá֪ԼһΣڽˡ
ʵϣڹŷڶ죬еǿ߱ˣǴŸŭ𣬿ʼѰõ֣Ȼ󣬱һɱ
ݣڤ˴ɱ˳ȥʵǿᣬԺɨ죬һֿµƣ˶ʶˣľݣǶôĿ¡
Щǿߣ֮ŽûһŽԵסġ
һֿµƣ춯ء
δһ˶֪ٴγֵʱ򣬶Ҫɱһ
һͬһսߵˡ
һ֮Уǿ߻֣̿˶ɱ֪֮Уиǿߣһλ𣬽ǸȻǹŷĶ֣ŷһɾǸâնɱˡ
ǿƣǱ֮âδǿϺܶࡣ
ŷδ֣ɱǵ硣ʹǿǳҲûȥǡ
ǿ֣߳ɱЩ磬Ȯһδɱǡ
δΪ⼸ʮʱ䣬ѹ̫ݣЩԷǳǿҪݡ
ʿ֪ˣǵУ뵽ʿһִޡ
֣ޱȣʮŽ磬ɱȫɱ
ʿˡйŽǿߣ̲ס˵
кޣЩ겻˺ܶʿ˵۵һֵܣɱˣ˵۶ˣ壬սǸ֮յĽԷɱ
ۻصݣȻˣͬ춼˿ꡣ
ܶզ࣬ףΪʲôôˡҲףʿΪˡ
ۻع飬»ԻˣĻȻ̫ˡ
ʱʿҲڴԼϡ
ҲһЩʿģһֱվھһߣδ;ݷìܣ˶ףȻɱϣǲбԹ޹ǨŭˡЩûǹݵʿһ㶼¡
գܶǿ壬ʧھݵ֮¡
ʿҲع鵽˾ݣδĶľٶ
Щĵһܶη壬ݻҪһͳ磬ֻԻͣǵӹ
֮УܵеһУ̲ס̾Ϣ
棬Ϊ̾Ұʵɫ֮Щɻ
ǿ߾İǿߣΪȻ˻죬Ȼ˵ѾǱľľȣǿ
ˣǰ;
Ϊŷ硣ڡ
Ұû˵վǰӳȣһ˫Ӷڰϣֻʡ
дǣӵǸʵһӵǸѾһУʲôǺں۵ţֻҪԶǿģ㹻ǣû˺壬ȡݡ˵
һˣ֮ǰ֪ۣӵǡ
Щˣûһͳ棬ñϿԼݻࡣǹŷ粻һ֮УǾԵǿߣû˭ǹŷĶ֡
ŷȻܹ뵽һ㣬δǸͷȻǾݣһЩݵ֮⣬ûκľٶ
ᣬ㿴͸Щŷδ±еĶҪˡҡͷ
ֻҪҰ岻ۣҲǵ鷳ۣдǣʹǳУҲֵġҰ˵Ļ


1795 ս
ڶԹŷ磬ĺŷΪˡһԲµˣҷǳдֹۣز
ˣΪһЩҰʲôģںĵ顣
ʵϣЩһγŷɱˡһ˵ĵˣЩ˲ֻܹԼʵ
ʿع飬£˶֪۳ɵˣûн߾죬ѾΪۡ
ۣǸǲġ
ŷھУĬ˺ܳʱ䣬˹елָĿɨˣ˵ԺҲ˺һֵܵκ˺ˡ
ܳأǴļᶨ
ŷ˸Ż⣬Ҫев֮УΪһİȫطΪһȫĴӪ
˵ͷȻû˵ܹܵŷ顣
ҲаţҪӿֻԼǿŲΪŷĸǵʵ͹ŷȣʵǲ̫Զˡ
ҺЩǿĵȣԶԣ̫ڴˡ
Ϲ
ԯͶŷĻУһСŮ˵ӡ
˺ʵϣԯȻǹŷŮˣһֱǳǿƣûӣӶɳˡ
ŷ§סԯ죬ǰҪǿơ
΢΢һ̾һţǵ飬ڹŷ˵һִ̼̬ܵһӰ죬ǰҪԵһЩ
֮УһƬȵС
˶зģԼʹ޷ﵽۣҲܹΪ۵׸ǾѪʱһǼս⣬һǿߺճ趯ء
һֿµľ֣ͬʱ֣в
֮Уи̾ûйŷ磬վַչȥͷݽҲܹʶǿߡ
Ļ壬ֵʱĻԻͣʱݣȫȵУǵʵڷ
ŷǣͬʱָЩ󱲵Ϊûмӣȫָ㣬Щ˲֪·
գЩ޵ˣӾˡ
ڹŷΪ˭Ҳ֪ﵽʲô磬ֻ˶һָоŷϵɱ⣬ԽԽŨˡ
ĵЩˣжǳףŷԵˣ϶һɱ⣬ԽԽǿң˵ŷΪѾһµĵزɱԷİˡȻĻŷ粻ֱ֡
ȻŷսδܹȵǸֻŷ粻ʵǿ󣬻ֶΡ
֮ǹŷĵƣֻҪܹٵսŷаͻâһɱ
䡣
һɿµϢˡ
ϣƺƵӿ֮УſµĻϢľ
ܶľǴ߳һۣݳ˹Ҫս۵
ŷԼλϣϢ䣬ܵϢʱһֱ̤˳ȥ
Ҫţ˲ǵˡŷ紫ôҶҪҡ
Ȼһǰʹٵ¶ܹ̫ڵˡ߳ȥ֮Ǹ֮ȫ¶Ȼɫ
ۡ
³Է֣˾Ȼǻۡ
Ǹǿߣ֣ŷһ𣬹ǿߡ
ŷ磬һսۿ˹ŷһۣ˵ɫ֮У˸ǿڶŷֹȥ
䡣
ŷվﲻ죬ǿϢԷײȻȫȻûһ
Ϊˣ΢΢ЩȣԵЩԾ
ܹŷΪֻû뵽ʵȻﵽ۾硣ЩһֱһصĵطרĻָΪǸطһУûиܵŷΪۡ
ٶǰΪۡŷ翪ڣûзϡ
һ⣬Ц˵ãΪڵΪǺһսֱ۸㣬ȻѾΪˣǾûĵˡ
ĻȻ˵ɫ֮ȴһĨأֻҪۣ򵥡Ϊǿߣ֪κһۣӦСӣǹΪǿˡ
ǵԼһսɡŷ翪ڡ
ΪԼۣ˵ԷԼսڹŷȻ¡
ʱĻۣҲڵ۷徳磬Ҳ㹻ǿ󣬹ŷҪûۣ֤ԼΪ
໥ӣܹԷеĻ⣬ǴһͻȻԷ˹ȥ
˶ûпǵӰֻǸоײһ£ȻǱԻصԼλ档


1796 
ŷĿ棬һ̣ǰѣһѪȥŷһǵѪ˻ûС
˳ԾŷڵһȻ͸ˣû뵽
ѵŷ粻ܵ񻰣Ҫսᣬ໥һۣԷеءϾҲεǿߣ֮Ծûʲô˵ģһӮ䣬Ϳ˫ֶˡ
ʵϣΪ֮ǰɵĻֶۣβȹŷ͡
ԣŷˣأ¶ǵɫ
ȻΪۡۿڣɫ֮дһĨ̾һ̣üѿһѪ䣬ԪЩ
񶼳Ծ˷ܡŷȻˣǻܵ˺ȴء˵ͻһսŷռһơ
ھݵ˵һϢǵֶۣξˣ޵С
Ҳûдﵽ۷ʱڵΪȴܹ˺ңʵӾˡŷ翪ڣ԰
ɾۣʵ㹻ǿƣǿ˼㡣ԽһۣǻۣԸոջص磬ûĴﵽԼǰ۷Ϊȴܹ˺ʵܾˡ
۵ҡͷ˹ŷһۣ˵վǲ㣬һָоȫʢʱڣҲǿ̫࣬ʥȻһµ;
۵ĻеơʥǺǿ󲻴Ҳֻǹŷļһô̬ʯ壬̤ʥһ򣬵ʵ͹ŷȣĲ̫Զˡ
֪ǹŷ޵ļһǲ̤ʥҲ϶ǸҪǿ
ĵȻǿһӰ죬Ҫǿˡ
Ҫս𣿡ŷʵ
ҡͷ˵Ҳ㣬Ķ֡
ϲŷ磬ǹŷĶ֡
ʿһ£Ȼ̲ס˭Ҳû뵽龹Ȼ˿ĽǿۣͬȻԼŷˡ
ϢһȥԻڡ
ЩǿߣҲһЩ⣬ûи̫ܵĶֻһαûκζ
ѵһۣԷɱ뵽жһ
Ǿ۱ɱˣ磬Ҫˡǻ۱ɱˣ˵۹ŷʵĿɲ⣬ǿľۣѾָ۵ʵҲǹŷĶ֡
˺ܾãҲ߳ûߣʲôϢܶг֪ʲô顣
ҲһЩʿ֮УȻ֪һС
ֻ֮һ֣·磬ȻԼǹ۵Ķ֡Щʿڣ˵Ϣ
Ļ˶ǶһۣܹԷеĺȻ
ֻһûˣʵʵ̫ǿˡ
۲ΪۣʵѾ޵ˣǿ˼㣬ĲϢЩʿ𾪵˵
˶̲סͷҲ뷨Ļۣں͹ŷ罻һ֮󣬶䣬ɴ˿ɼ۵ǿ
һԤУһ´ڲ˶೤ʱˡһʿ˵˶һ
Ҷ֪һһˡǺ;֮䣬Ѿ޷⡣
ʵϣһ֮ìܣ޷ġ
ǲ뱻ڲǾĵˡ磬ڵһЩˣʵ϶צûκκøеġ
۲ŹһǺУۿ϶֣ɱǡ
һţǵȻɱ壬һվһģצûɱǣŹǣǳֵʱˡ
ЩʿۣѾܵһ壬Ҫдѡ
ʵϣŷ罫һǿŷҪѰ۵İ
ɱһ⣬ǣסķչ˭磬ǵǿߣǵ٣ǶװںĵˣɱצҲɱ졣
ȻҲΪģǾͺˣ֣Ǹʲôһĵ𣬽κλᡣŷо˸
һˣ׼㣬ɱԷİաڶһۣ֣׼Է
֪Ǹˣǿһ𣬽̫ŴĺˣδĶ֡üͷȻźޣĶ˶ԷЩֹ˼˫ʵ
ɱ˻âŷ³һ仰
ʲô֮վȻŷĻˡ


1797 
âǿߣһ㶼ǿƵĲһǿߣȻŷɱˣš
ոճ֪Щ飬ԵúܳԾ
ǰɣʵϵɱʱǷǳ֮յһ飬ҶֶΣ֪ҵĵƣһѣԲɱʵϣĻʹˣҲδػ䡣ŷ˵ᡣ
۵ͷźȻˣҲЩšâǸǿߣһֻſ̤ϹˣʵǿȻΪǿʱԻâʱҲֻתӵķݡ
Ȼ֪ŷʲôֶΣֶο϶ܾˡ
Ǹƣ㻹𣿡ʵ
ŷͷû˵ʲôЩһ˵ױ˶ģǸʱνĵƣҲôˡ
ãգȥҵ۲κԥ
ϲǶܹоŷҪ֣ȥ̤ƽһ塣бЩģΪԹŷʵƲɹĻûлɵǸ
лһǰǾͲһˣǵʵһӲҲκ⡣
ڴ˵һĺϢ
ζţŷ粻̫ΣգһΣѪƴ󣬲һ˾ˡ
졣
һڵĵطһ˶ȥ
ֻվɫĮմʵʲô飿
ǹŷ϶Ծ쾹Ȼһ˵̫ˣδκιĵطԵ÷ǳƽȡ
ȥǸСɣԤУãҪɱʱҿδܹס㡣ĿڣдһĨɬ
Ϊɣ㽫Һĸ׷ӡڻɣһӱǱɱˣǽˣô£Ӳд֮ϣ޾ʹ֮𣿡ɫ䣬գʡ
ľͲͬҲûдȥ˼֮䣬ȻǸӡ
죬֮ĵӡ
츳ǿڴ죬ȻǸǿߣʵڤȣ١
ȻڤĶ֣ڤҪҲǺס
֮ǰ֣ʮֵľޣǽ۾֮һ·߸裬Ǳĺǿҫ۵˼㡣
˵ˣ뿪ΪãҸܵ۵ɱ⣬һιŷһˣɱ˻âҲǵĶ֣Բ뿪һ岻һֻūͣһȴǵĺˣʧǽС棬游Ȼŷǵ죬Ҳҽ˵
ӣ֪Լ׵ǿ󣬼ʹΪսʵԭٶܴ޷ǸطȻϹﶼ˵ܹԸ游ԵİȫܹסһĻУ˼ᶨͶԼ׵Ρ
ҲϹܹвԼĸףǹŷǣڻûʸǸҽǸ磬
ҲߡҲܼᶨһԥûС
Ĭβڿڣ˵ߣԾ
˻һһĳԱȫӯգ𶯡
һҧԼĴһѹȴԼ׵Ըһ˵ĻͿ϶
ߵĻĻɱ
һ쳣ˣȻŷǳצȴǡ
ߡտڣɤЩɬںԼá
һ۳һ࣬Ӣΰޱȣ죬ɫ֮дĴȰ
һԱȫȥĤݣ˵ǵ֮һͬҲǵػ
ҪӦһ顣춢
Ը뿪Ѿܸˣ˵ͷ˵˵ɣֻҪܹ
һҪһҪŻҡ춢ɫ档
΢΢һ£գ¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷ˵İɣ֮䣬ûмܹɱأʹЩϹҪɱңҲҪӦĴۡ
Ե÷ǳţʵҲʵâҲһʵǿ֮Уûм˸˵ɱǡ
ȻţлЩȻһϹ춼ĸоЩϹȻǿ󣬵ǾûйŷôͬѰʲô鶼ĳ
âˣױȻâҲǿȥһΣˡ


1798 ⿪ӡ
ûбİ취ղ嶯֮£Ը뿪ֻҲףԼ뿪ĻҪΪԼ׵ĸۡ
뵽ĿԼһۣȻתЩһĳԱ˵뿪
ʵϣЩǵ˵ĻһݣԻ֣ɱǣȻѪԼĸ׾ȳ
ǣǵˡ²֣Ҳ֡
һˣǶһۣȻվȻܶвԸ⣬Լһ£Ҳֻܹ뿪Ļֻ·һ
뿪ʩչͨǵŻȻȫûС
ڴʱӰ֣һֱӻһֻ֣ǸŻĨɱȥ
ŷͻˣǸܵһ춯Ը˹ȴһĻ
ҪնݳȻԸ⿴һǺȻʱ򣬻һ㣬һеĳԱȫûһŻֻмʮˣŷĨɱ
ǶһۣԷеź
һ̣ŷ罫Ŀ¶һĨЦּˡ
ǵģû뵽㾹ȻɳһڱӡȻҪҪɱңҲǲܵ飬ƷӡҲκ顣ජŹŷ磬Ǻ⡣
һ⣬ֻʣԼһ˵ʱȥĵġΪҪɱƷӡҪƷӡһ򵥵顣
ҪͷڹꣿŷЦʵ
ŷĻĿһ䣬Źŷ磬ЦۣҪɱһˣҼʹ˱ˣҲǶˡ
Ҫͺһָֻͷ㣬õŻ۳֣ŷЦȶԷӵķ̡
겻Ǵڵʱ䣬һĻͬŷ˵һһָֻͷ
ɫһڳ˶ͬһǿߣк׶ԷǱŷһʱ䣬ΪȻԶԶ֮ϡ
ԣûзΪǿֲ԰ķǿЦ
˵ŷ絭һЦǲû̫⡣ϾԷڵʵȷʵǿ۴˼һûʲôýġ
Ǹâǿˡŷ̲ס˵
â̫ԴˣǲԴĻûôɱ֮Ϊ̫ǿˣΪԼ̫ˡ˵
ǺܿϻâһʵȻǿ󣬵ȴɱԼ۾վǻġ
ܹŷʲôֶΣһʼâ֮󣬱Ӵܣ֤ŷ粻ɱâ
˵ĲǾһɵơŷ˵Ļ
˵ķϻЩû˵˵ôʲôһųȻɵ
Ȼ۶ڹŷ֮Ľ̸ЩͷˣҪɱɱ˵ôķϻû¡
ŷ̲סЦһֻĨɱȥֱӻɱࡣ
ʵϣʵǿֻǽ̸õģԸ͵סŷһ
ų˵
ŷͷָһѪۣȻУͬʱŷ֣գһģǿĵ򣬵Ѫ֮£Ȼʼˡ
ʵϣһѪȴʮŽѪۡʿնɱЩŽ飬ȻռǵѪ˹ŷ硣ҲǹŷռģΪľǽ졣
ϾַӡԼϵĻŷҪǳ֣ỨѺܴĴۣܹӡ⿪ڹŷ˵ǵòʧġʱʵ̫ˣԷ֣ȻеƣǹŷҲĶˡ
ռЩѪΪ˸׵Ľų
úֶΣʮŽ磬Ϊ˾ɱң̲סһ
ŷ񣬶ЩľǿߣȻĺֶΣԼǲǿŷˡ
ͷҿñӣЩŽеʿȫǽͷݣһɱ˶پݵˣھȻ˵ҺˣҲعĻ֮󣬾ݿ¾ͻᱻˣ˭Ӻŷǳ⣬ϴһĨЦ
˫ֲͣҪ⿪ӡ
־ǹ֣ʲôǸһˣͷҲʲôýġ֪һһ֣ΣˣϹŷĵƣĸܵв
Ҫˣùŷиңһʹ֣ܹвҲǺܴ
ִڲ֪µļһһ˾۶ء


1799 Χɱ
׳ա۵³֣ܲм
䣬ùŷɱɣֱ̫ЦˡͱΪۣɱ¾ŷȻΪɱһ֣ʮŽ磬Ҳ㲻ʲô
ΪʮŽδɱһôҪҶԷһĵ
˶ңŭ
һҵˣȻ˼ǲֺܹסˣҶԻۣǺܿϣ˻۵ĻȻ
һỹҪɱأҪǰԽУ˵һҵǰQĺܿЦҲһƤӺˣЦɫ֮дһĨм
ŷ֣ڽ⿪ӡ
аЦû뵽۶ҲϬ
ڹŷ˵ֻɱǿڶʮһ͵Ĺŷ磬Ƶԣʵźܴ
һɱⱬŷһסۣǺˡ
䡣
һ˳˳ᣬڹŷ˵ϣȻ˹ŹֵɫУתӡ
ⶼƵˣݡ۸̾
ʱȴһľĸо
һ̣ǰһˣǱˣǹŷķУһϢֱ֣ͷ­˹ȥ

ɫ֪ŷĵʲôˡϢȻֻһƣشǺųܹشĶȻûд⣬ȴŷΪ÷һֲ
ŷķʵڱ塣
䡣
ϢУȻһֱڷȫϢվըˡ
Ԫ˻𣬻ָʵ½㡣
ȴȻâöˣϾѾ׼ȻԿûбһս
ֻǣʱҲǺܺãΪڳĲǹŷһˣлۣ֣Ȼȫʢʱڣܹв
ɱ
ŷ籾ͷȫɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱҲһлħǹۣɱڣ˹ȥԵֵΧȻʵǿ󣬵ǴʱҲ˿⣬ɫأתӲŷĹȻڹŷͻ۵Ĺ֮ǰֱӺ˳ȥ
һѳǹۣһһһɱŷǳ˹ȥ
ɱããֲޱߣ˺ţ졣
ŷһȻһȭϣʥӡۣӳɻƽɵһ㣬ǿ˼㡣
ŷȭͷ볤ǹײһ𣬾Ȼ
ڳλۼǿߣ̲סԾŷ̫ǿˣӲʵƾ˵˼㡣
ɱŷȣǰȥս죬ƽʥȣ貵˼㣬ǿء
һֿµܣŷӲԷĳǹս·硣
һսʱ򣬻ʵ̲סԾ
ʱ򣬲ǹŷս֣ʵֻ߲Ȼ˿·硣
˵꣬еܴ̼ħǹһ𣬶ȥ
ں͹ŷսһֱӱŷˣȻ˳ȥĵģǹŷͻ֣һΧסҪΣˡ
ԣֻҪһɱŲƳȥ
ҪӣȴǳѣŷͻۣһߵĻҪܴĴۣпҪɱ
ӣֻҺ͹ŷսϾʵֶΣսлʤġ
սУҲҵߡ
ǿߺգͣսǹŷҪѹҲǷǳѣͻâһԴһ㶼ûе͹ŷͻ۵ʵ
ŷüͷȥԲУûа취ɱԷ
˻һۣҲһ顣
ɱҵģ뿪ұ֤Ժ󲻻ǵı𡣡ڣ˵Ļ
ģ̸ֻС
㹻ĵùŷ˲ɱ
ڲҹŷǵ鷳ǿֻҪ׻ָʱ֣ƴƴŷҲˡ
̫ԴˣΪɱġŷ˵ӱ䡣һδԷҡɱļᶨ˼㡣
ߣĪ˵ɱңʹܹɱңǻ˭ܻȥЦŹŷˣɱȻ
ߵ㹻İգһˮ
ʯ٣ǿߣƴˣǷǳµġ
ѡ
ŷ翪ڣһֶϻ걬ϵЦסˣüըԪ񶼲һˡ
ŷͻۣûΧסֱӳ֣ԼǿֶΡ


1800 Ѫս
ʱǷǳġʵ͵˼㣬˵ĺɱȻЩ
ۡ
飬Ԫըˣһ̣Զۣһ壬ڸղĵطը飬Ȼĩɢ

ŷǳһ
ַ䣬ǳ£ܹʿһΣҿǸʿָ۷״̬
ʱʵȻָȫʢʱڡ
ллǻɱҡЦˣ֮дһĨɱ⡣
ȻҲ֮ǰΪʲôҪߣŷü̲סʵ
ŷǵ⣬Цһ˵Ҫллأұǲ֪Ĵˣ˭ܹ뵽Ǹ߸ϵĸףȻҲ֪ңӸҵһȻôıܹһȻϹƳ
Цʵϣܳ裬ΪԼΨһĺӣһȺֵУǽܳ
ԣԴһֱĮ
ȥδ뵽׸ԼһĶ֪ĴڣͲߡ
ǲ׵أɱһΣɱ
ŷɫأȫʢʱڵǲûκơ
ɱ
ŷҲڣս
ָȫʢʱڵʵµ˼㣬ӲˣȻŷ˶ѹˡ
ģˡŭһ
ŷɫΣ֪ԼƵĳ˴󣬲Żһ
Թ㣬˭֪һôĶʲôֶΣҪˣȫʩչɫء
ŷͷȳһֶϻֿ꣬µͨȻȫʢʱڣҲͬסüѣٴܴ
˳֣ٴ
⣬ԪգƻָȻĵһЩԴȴǸղһܴôء
۷ʱڵʵʵֲ̫ˡ
ˡɫأھ֮У
ΪʲôڳĻʱ̲סɫ
֪СֵġȻ֣˵ˣŷǿ鷳
鷳ˣǸ֪ʲôԭ򣬾Ȼָ۷徳硣ɫѿǵγˮһ
֪ŷļƻҸܵŷѾɹˣȴû뵽Ȼıʡ
۷徳ʵǿܹƲ⵽ʲô硣
ŷͻˣûжʤ㡣
ʲôǶԾˣԯݺҪȴŷһץס
ȥûãȥ˶ûãȥһˡ˵
˭һѵܹҵһ۳֣Ļ̫ˣۣܹѹ
ǵɫ֪ЩһһЩʲô΢΢鴤һ£˵ˣôңУҲҪʱ䣬ܹȥһѱ
ʥԺԯݺ۾һ
Ȼ뵽˺ʥԺһ챦ʥԺԺСǹŷ챦Уս
ͷ˼ʥԺ֮е챦͸ŷ磬ʱԹŷʵѹסˣϻۣɱԷҲǲܵġ
Ͻȥ˴ߴ١
̲סһۣҲûж˵ڵǺֹۣʱᷢ⡣
ʵϣŷڼսѾ·硣
ս飬ǳḻۣͬȻȶҪ׽ѹƣȴô׵ġ
罣ɨԷĳǹײŷȴڵˣȲսǿ
һ̣ħǹȫǻԵϢǿ˼㣬ͬĳǹײһ
ۿѪ屻˺һӡǺ⣬׺ޱȣһǹȥͬϣһѪ
һսܼң·磬ȴһ㷴֮ûС
ʵϣսزǵĶˣֻǹŷͻ۵ƣȽһѡ
һĨЦǹһ𣬻һƬ棬ѹ¡
޾֮ŷסȻ󱬷顣
ŷԪѪ⣬ȻգǶٴγɱȥ
һ̣屬飬ǲһɱҲ˲˳ȥָȫƴԵ
ʱսѪޱȣѾﵽ˰Ȼĳ̶ȡ
ûȴΪһȴֻ·һ
ϣѪɣս֪ͨ˶ٱ飬ǻδɱ֡
ϡҲˣҺأӰ쵽ս
ŷҲȾѪȴڴЦս


1801 
ʱֻб˭ƴ˭Ӻݡ
ɣŷ˶ֺˣһһ·ɱ۷壬һǻۣɱ¾ˣƴǷǳµġ
Ȼ˵ʵ˶ҪǿϾǹŷˣһ·ɱزɵʱΪǿ̫ˣȫһ·ѹ֣ĺͶԷһ൱ûС
˵֮Уһοս
ɱزЩĲ˵ı֣ȷʵͬĻûκһ˵Ķ֡
Ȼǿȴˣġ
һǿߣʧȥǿߵţΪºˡ
ϣÿʱỵ̈ЩѪɳȥŷۿһѪһУȻǸ飬ȫ䡣
ǹŷûа취ɱĵˣǲ˶ԷΣˡһЩȻв̣ǻǿԽܡ
ڴʱһӰĳ֣ȻֱӲ˼˵սС

ŷ羪
Ͻһ⣬ס
ʱ䣬ʵһܸߵľ磬ǻ֮棬Ǳɡ
㡣
Ӹŷһ
ŷֱӽУһ̣һǿĸоڹŷļ䣬쳤ХϢ˲˺ü
һڵĴûκι󣬵ŷеʱɫ˲úѿ
챦
𾪣³֡

һ֣ܰڹӵϣŷֳʱһָӶԷĸо
ҿ㻹ô񣿡˵
һ챦Ծ֮ʤˡ
ɫѿŷӶѡߣӵ챦Ĺŷ磬׳ֻĺܲҡ
һֳۣ챦Ƿǳµġ
ȻһЩϹɵΪѻɱۡ
ˡŷЦޱȣֳһȥֻ򵥶ֱȴ¡
µѹǬأڹŷУӳֲ
棬·ڲһ챦׸գŷ߶硣
֮ػ
ҵٻ֮ػԼ
ЩνػߣֶΣ
һжã챦޵УŷսͲȶԷ϶٣ֱӱ֮ϡ
ۡ
飬סһ
۵ɴ۾Ӷˣ챦Ȼǿǵһθܵ
Ϊ۵ʱֻǾã޵Уʲô챦ҲвδѰ챦
ʱ۲֪챦ܡ
Ϊǿ챦֮һһССĵܹסġԶЦ
֪ӵͷľˣһ´ڵǸʹ֪
ʥԺǸǿ߿ġ
䡣
ǱѪۣȻûָɫ԰ףŲԡ
޵еۣȻվסʱ򣬿˵ʲôز
ܣҺ޶֣Ȼ챦ҲӦشҡŭɫ֮гš
׳ա
ŷЦеȥ
ɫܣȴ㲻ȥӳȥʵ̫ˡ
ʱһִֻ˳ᵯָȻɳȥȻּŷѹҪɱŷ硣

ܵԷϢŷɫȻһ
ԥŻۺѸٺˡһսǿߣʵǿ˼㣬Բǹŷܹ⡣
ϹжƶĴڣ֮ǿצ֮һŷںȣԵ̫ˡ
ɫ䡣
ȻΪֲۣεǿߵУҲ㲻ʲô
֮Ϊǿצ֮һ˵Ǽǧܹôھܹ֣鷳ˡŷɫѿ
ڼܣǻǱԷͶ㲻ȥ
ŷ֪ʵ̫ˣԼͲǶԷĶ֣ԲŻĽ
ֱҧֲǿߣȻ챦Ҳûãǿ󣬸ͺ˶Է
У㲻ȥǰæƴһѡŷ˾
ͻĿɿڴεǿ߶֣ŷҲʵ̫ˡڵʽҲݲǶ룬ѾΣյĵزǲƴĻҲͶ㲻ȥ
ƴˡ˶ҧ
ǹ֣ͬһ߶Ȼ˹ȥ


1802 Ůʼ
һȺϡûκθ飬߸ϡ
ֱŷĨɱȥȻҪǿѹˡϹΪǿĴڣһ֣ľսȫȻҲǶ֡
䡣
һ죬ŷȫըԪѪɳȥԪ񰵵޹⣬Ȼס˴һȴܵ˿µش
ƹŽΪǿˣʵ̫ˡ
סһеˡ˵
̲סŭװʲôţƣʱҲûмNɪ
㣿͸һɾȡ
ŷ֮У𾪡
һǰҲ̫ţ˰ɡ
ңҪƴһǰĵƴһսҲŭ
ɫ䣬Ǹ֡
Ĭһ£Ȼڿڣ㻽һԡ
ֱĨɱȻ˿в
ûס쵰ŭ
֡ŷ˵ʱֻӲӲģּǿߣһ֮䣬ɴﵽ䣬ǳ׼뿪棬ȻĻĺѶԷĹ
ģƴˡŭ
ǼˣԷǿƣ䲻ˬҪͶԷƴ
ŷһס˵ûеǸʱءɫĮ߶ֿԷĹ
䡣
ٴײһŷɫ䣬ٴը
һ˵úأܼѵĲŻָ
棬ô䣬ҲԸһѡŷ綢һط
һǸ
һɫȹŮӣ˼㣬һ֣Ƕ컯йԶϡ
һжˣνӣνŮǰȻʧɫֻ
ŷĻŮӿһۣŷջָʱȴֱӱˡŷٴŮӣ˵һ棬ѹֹսʼ治Ըһ𣬵뿪ˣУսʼѡǶԵġ
ŷ˵һ㶼Ŀɿڴǹŷ氡Ȼ˲
ԹˡǸŮ˿ڣûг֣ȴͣ
ǲŮˡֹһ䣬צ֮Ϊǿļ֮һʱȴˣŮˣһڣɵɴ˿ɼŮж
ŷŮʼ棬ȻҲǱ̬
ҲŷŮʼ潫Ŀŷ磬һɿµѹڹŷϡ
۸ңŷЦסѹԼŮʼ棬֮ȫѱ
ҸѾ㶯ˣ۸ĶӣŷЦ
ʱ뵽˹κ͹սͬǼĳģȫһŮʼ飬̫ĮˣǺ޸顣
սʼȻףҲԺ󱲺ܹذ֮ˣȻЩһֱδһ𣬶ΪԭҵǾãǼλǰʺսʼİ¡ŷ˵һ㶼ͻԴ϶ð
ǰǲǹŷŮʼ棬վһϸ֣ŷ˵ôҲҪһ㡣ǹŷȴһ㶼˺ա

µɱ⴫ŷɳȥûԷ̫ǿ󣬸ͲǶ֡
䡣
սսת߳һӰ
˲ǱˣǹսⲢǹսµķֻһûʲôǿս
ˮҾ֪֡սڣ磬ŮӣɫǸӡ
ˮȻǸŮˣͻȻɴ۾һ
Է֮뵽˵˭
һʱ֮Ůӣ绪ɨ죬δаܼ˵ܣһΣһصǿߺճһֻѹˮ
ڿǸǿߣǹսҪһǿƵŮˣҪǿƵˡ
֮У˲࣬սһ˽˷ޣѾٷ֮ٿԿ϶Ǹصǿ߾ǹսˡ
û뵽֣һΪʲôػԼ𣿡ˮŹսɫĮֻ۾ӵ˼㡣
ֻΪ˵㣬͵͵ڹŷս֮УһҲֻսսףŻ㶼оսڣδ߹ŷ磬µһġ
ˮ¶һĨЦŹս˵ʲôҪҵǸҲܡ
߰ᣬɫ֮е㲻м


1803 ̫
飬ûǵҵǸġս˵Ŷˮ˵Ļöˮɫѿ
ˮսɫУһĨ˼飬ŵ˵㵽ڣϴ
ҲǸǸǸ꣬˶ʲô³ûκδ󣬴㣬ڵӣһζ𣿡սɫ֮дһĨ̾Ϣ
򶫷ˮ˵ĶˮȻǿƣɱϣȴһˣֻϧڣѾûκ˵ĸˡ
ҵǾãԼǰһˡˮ˵
ΪնһмܹΪߵĴˣ۷ˣûһġսҡͷ򶫷ˮ֮г˿ϧ
ڵսԳΪŽδΪǿ֮һ˵ֵд𣿡ˮɫĮ
ԽԽˣһЩڱ顣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ս˵նң
ʶ˶ˮʲôȻҪĵ׳նҪ֪ЩսǶˮΨһִ
Ǵն˹սˮˡ
ˮ˸ĮɫԽԽĮȻȫû˵һ棬ǵǸҲն㣬ȻΪǴˣҾն㣬ҹԲΪΪǿˡ
Ǹʱ㻹𣿡սŭ𣬱ХӿֲҪѶˮ
һжãˮ֮Įޱȣ˹սһۣ˵ǺˣȻǰҰ
˳Ծǳ׽սնˡ
սͶӰɫ̾һ˵һҪ㣬ʲô飬ҪΪˣǰҲԸǿ飬ԺҲˣߴˣҾҪ

ˮɫһһָ
սͶӰը飬Ȼɢ
˹ŷһۣˮûǣĮɫĸ߹ŷˣŷǣİˡ
һȺϡ
˵һ䣬Ƕˮûг֣һʧ
ŷǶӣԷе𾪣ˮʲôսһնˡ
ҿӣȫ˹սĴڡǽսնʵϣеնһ֣ն
ڶˮȻĽԼ˿նˡô˵ˮһдˡ
֪ʲôͻȻɫѿ˼㡣
ŷͻ۶Ŀ¶ѯɫ
̫飬ߵ̫ĵɹ֮һַǳаŵĹһɹ˵ײϣֻԼȻǰˣҲɱһԥСɫѿ˼㡣
಻治ˡŷ˵
Ǻ⣬Ůʼ棬ŷЩ޸Уе̫ˣãͲͣ˵ʲô
Իģ̫ˣ˳ӦУճԽһʱڣΪˣʱǾǵˣôµŮˣ治֪˭ܹסЦ
ĻŷҲ¶صɫ
ٴε۷徳磬߹ŷҲﵽϹսȻĻ޷ⶫˮ
ң𿴹ŷ˵ǶԷվŮʼ档սĻŷδܹµ֡
٣ս
ĻţȻŷͬսҲǶˮĶ֡
ǹսǸϻ쵰ǵ鷳һŮˣƵһ棬鷳ˡɫѿ
ˣȲЩˣʱҲ֣ɱǣǻǻȥɡŷ˵
ߣùŷЩջ𣬲ףˣܹѾǷǳˣҪʲô
Ůʼĳ֣ùŷֲõԤУԷרԼġ
뵽ŷ΢΢Щء
Ůʼ棬ǷǳΣյһо衣
߰ɣǸϼһղǿг֣Ҳķ˲ٱԴҪٴγ֣֪ҪʲôʱˣǲõҲڣϤǺܺãԶʱ֮ڣҲ֡
ĻŷһֻҪʱ֮ڲ֣Ǿͺˡ
ֱӽϽ磬ŷ罫˻ȥȻԼĵǰ͵УýܳĵӲο
ںʥԺѧ˵һַǳĴ̼
۵Ĵаܹȥ򣬼ʹ޷ȫĴУҲܹԼܴʵ
ʥԺѧһЩʦ̲ס۾⡣


1804 ֮
ж༤ŷʵԼĳŵʥԺȻص˾硣
һʱ䣬ŷҵ
ˮˣļ䳹նս̫顣ŷ翪ڣ˵
ŷĻɴ۾ͻȻ¶żɫ˵ˡ
ôˣŷһ֪ҪвõҪȻĻı֡
ң飬ʦйϵ
ʦӦʦֻҪ̫飬㽫ʦʦ˵Ϣ
ҲǻˣΪ֪ŷԸǲ˵Ժ֪ˣŷ϶ץġ
һ𣬹ŷû뵽Ȼ飬˵ʦӦˣ
ʱʦͲӦһ뿪ҲʹʦͻΪʦ̫飬ֻһ㣬ʲôʱпɣʦѾʦԼŮˡЦ
ԥһ£Щֹ
ʲô˵ɣҳܵסŷһԷΪܵ˺뿪ġ
Ͼˮ̳ĵӣԵĲǻʵ֮Ĺŷ磬ʵҲ̫ࡣ
ﶼдԣʵʦϲʦģֻʦУһֱйս֮ʦͽϵʦһֱܣʦʦҲһֲʦһֱĹʦ档˵һϢùŷЩ㶣оȻһЩء
ʵʦǲϲʦģʦͻ飬ԴʦῴʦйϵһйӴϢʦĶУʦҪɱ㣬㲻ǴʦĶ֡Źŷ磬һжˡ
֪ˣǸ꣬ھȥʦ𡣡ŷ綢˵
в뿪ԭΪԭ򣬶ڣҪ޸Լϲˡ
ŷͻֻǼһ棬˵ϲڣǹŷȴȾָԼһµŮˡ
һ֣һŷϡһΪԼԭ򣬻صùŷкܴ
С
ɫ԰ףҡͷ˵ԲܹǸ磬ȻĻᱻɱģʦ̫飬ѾǹǿˣȻһЩһϹʦĶ֣ܴǸˡ
֪Լ˵ڹŷ˵һִȴܹŹŷȥ
ΪǸطĺΣգǿ̫ˡ
ǧ꣬кףһЩԼԼǿߣ֮УԲƽ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ûʲôеģҵŮˣȻҪȥػҿһˡ
ƣʹ֣Ҳڶʱ֮Ȭ˼Ȭ֮ǰ׳֡
ȻĻǿƣһμʹɵˮҲޡ
Ĳȥǿƣ͵𣬶Ȼ󲿷ֶαα𣬵ǵʵȴ˿Ļ͵ʱ佫ǵʵѻ˳вϹʹʦҲܺǶ֮еĳԱһֳӣر֮еۣսĶֻҪǰȥһˣսۡܣɫš
ǵһʲôӵĵطŷ̲סʵ
磬ĺأã֪磬Ѿȫˣû뵽һ硣
ǸطҲĳϣҪǿһЩ
֮أҲʥ磬󲿷ֶǱˡ֣˵һȻǸط˽⡣
ŷһ
ﶼĴףˣǱֻһЩǿˣܹż磬ǲܹǱ֮صϵ͡
֮أŷЩ⣬һۡ
ɩӿ϶ǣЩףżҲ֮УѰҴˣЩȥʿܵԼǿɵ磬ȻҲһ޶ȣǲ£ȻĻִߣǻɱ˭Ҳܲ
ԭŷͷ˵Ҳ˵治жˮбǿߡ
֮أضǿߣУ۷ʱڣ쵰ֺ˳Ƶӡ
ˮеˣŷ
УΪʦºܰԵԥһ£Ÿ߹ŷ硣
ŷ̲סЦˣȻûʲôõĵˣһ˷֮أŷһҪȥġ
Ϲ㲻żʦҪĻ϶ڴ֮ǰĵӣǰյʦĴѶδյʦĴѶʱżһЩӣЩ׼֪ŷѾҪȥˣŷ˵
áŷͷȷʵҪ׼һ¡


1805 ʮ
׼ҿΪҪͻƵıԵˡĿ棬Źŷ磬Ȼ󿪿˵
ŷͷûзϡ
֮ǰ˰ʱ䣬ʥ죬ʵʥ۷壬ղžȥɱ
ڼͻƣʥ졣
һʵȻܹҲ˵ʵҲѾͻˣһµľ硣
Ҽۼս˵
ȻҲͷǲýʽֱӽǰĵǳΪۣԵʵ
ҲϽͻƣʱҾͷˣֶΣһͻƣȻɱҲõˡŷ翪˵
Ϲֻʮÿһﵽ۷壬ڸǳںϣһսۼǷǳµġ
ɱǾܹסǹŷƲ⣬Բκδ
˹ŷһۣͷûзϹŷĻ
ȷʵĺʵϾһʿ
֮ǰ֪ͨҡ뿪ȥչأҪͻԼڵΪ
ŷ翴һۣͻȻһĨЦţһȥɡ
ŷĻɫһ죬к׹ŷνʲô˼رǹŷ绹һ뵽ɫͨ졣
һ˹ŷһۣȻ˹ŷĻС
ڹŷĳ谮Ǵܾġ
뿪֮һƬž
䡣
֮Уµѹʮ˵ϢɢÿһϢ棬վһµ飬Ǹ߰ݸͬȴ£һϣȫӵпµϡ
ʮۡ
˾ܵʮ˵ϢȻȫǿߡ
ǲг˲šܶŽ綼ĿɿڴǿͬħͰ壬ǿʿĤݣһС
ʵֲ̫ˣʮ۵նӲãء˭ܹһͻ
һЩֱӹڵϣʮߵס
ԣǸôһֱĤݵ飬Ѿ𣿡һǿĹŽ磬ǿӣͻȻľ
ǣʧôھݡ
ҲھУôܣ˼ҲѾʬǶ޾Укܶ˼
ۣ찡Ǵ˵һʱǿߣȻˡ

һһǿ߱ϳݣֻеһӰϢûݣ޾֮ǰһ滹ҪԶĶࡣ
ȻʥԺԺɫӡ
ȻʮĤݡ
һˣǲγΪ۵ģ찡ⲻϳǿ߾
ʮһۣǹŷδﵽʮ꣬ѹǹŷ磬пܳΪۡ
ǲܵģ˭֪ս죬ǿ˼㡣Ȼ˫Ҫѹ۳ɵҲܡ
ǿǵ̫ǿˡ
ûнʥ죬Ϊۣ꣬ʵӦøӿֲˡҪѹ۳ɵǲܵģϱ۳֣ǻâİߣʿףȻЩۣҲδǹŷĶ֡
̫ǿˣȻɵʱ䲻Ǽ޵У൱ںܶʱ⣬ϵû˭ܹս۵ϵġ
ЩϹ̫ϡˣҲ͵۷ʲôͻ۸СɣǻɱۣпӵһǱĵ֣˵˭˭ء
Ϊ۵ǿߣȫһʱǿߣе
ô£һҪ𣿡˾
Ǹ̲סҡͷ˵ֶΣĳɹˣΪۣҲûһ̤˳֮·
Ļʲô˼Ե̲סʵ
ʮֻۣʮٶȳΪˣܹȼ磬ɹѳȥ˵ɫ֮дһĨĽ
һԼûгΪǸǿߣ̲ס̾һ
ȼ
ԵͰԻ̲סȫһ
飬붼롣ܹΪǸǾ֪ˣûܹѳȥ
̤·ʵϹŷѾǰ̤ǵ·дǣԶȲϵġԼһۣ츳ˣǰ֮УΪǿ콾
ǲȹŷ̫Զˡ
˳Ĭ͵ȣûʲôš
ð飬Ҫչأ𾳽硣ڣ˵Ļ
˻һ¶𾪵ɫѵҪѹǹŷɵ
ˣ֮Уû˭ܹѹǹŷɵģֻҪΪα̤һܹСһҺ͹ŷ֮ĲࡣЦ
αȻҲǻ𣬵ǺĻ̫ԶˡҲģʲôǿߣտĻеαǿģҲһܹ̤ϹУ֮Ϊǿˡ


1806 ͻ
ҪαΪ㣬̤Ǹ硣
ĻԵͰԻʻһǸܵԼԲ䣬ֻҪһϣ㾡ȫȥȡ
ǷȱĶȻҲԵǿƣȴֳ׵ļ֣һִƺӵУ׷ȴӵеĶ
һܹԽŷġԵ˵
棬ԼҲһܹ׷ȥԻҲڣĻ˵ĸס
ͷ뿪
ʮ۵գͻƣ𾪵Уʮȫںһ
ôܣһЩʿš
ѵʮۣͬһˣ찡ܰɣǸ˵˭ǿʿʩչͨҪǸ˵ò
һ̣ǻһ۾Ѫҽһ嶼һըˡ
۵ϣ뱻ԼòǸǿߣԿ
֪ˣǸǴתҪһֵǸҲʿ뵽һ˵У̴󺰵
ִҲİ˵ӡУһ۵ǿߣκ۲սƣܹͬ硣
ǰ찡ʮĵںһ𣬳ΪۣʵԲۡ˵Ϊη
˶֪ʿеָۣǵۣΪǿˡ
ʧ֮У˾֮⣬ֳһۡ˺ͻ۲һǹŷֵܣΪܵˣھݵĵλĲɺˡ
Ȼƻָɱ˹Ҳֵúãһһ˲
Ǿٳ֣ƾ˵˼㡣
գɢںϣָλϡ
ΪҲδﵽʥ죬Ѿ۵ʵˣƷǳˡ
ոͻƣһϢʥޱȣͬѹ磬һӰھ֮ϣ貣ׯ£ͬʱһִϡ
ۣʲôʿԵú𾪡
ͻƣǷǳ޴һͻƣ찡̫̬ˣʵ͹ǿˣͻƣ֪ﵽʲô硣
ʿ֮󣬴ʱٴ𾪵С
ոճΪۣ۾ҪͻƣȫˡЩʿףԺ޾£ҪΪİˣȻۣûгĴ㣬Ҳ֮ûлͷȴлơ
ŷ編ྪ죬ھ֮ϣеԪǳܶѸϡȴû˸˵ʲô
ֻ˭ҲΪ飬ȥۣǴͻƣþݷŭʱĴͷˣһֱԪϡ㣬ŷֹͣգ쳤Х𶯣飬ﱻӿĻû
ŷ࣬Ѫⷢ⣬ÿһѪⶼһ飬µ˼㡣
ʱ˿̣Ȼŷһ˿̺ǿնɱߡ
صУչء
ݻڣȴδ֣һ˫۾žݵķ¶ɭȻı顣Ǹ˼ŷͻ֮󣬱磬Ȼһطһͨȥ
ͨһߣϢ
磬һȺڵĵطǸʧ֮󣬹Ϣĳ֣ɫɫÿ
ϣҪҪطӡˡһ߹ѯʹ졣
ҡͷ·һۣ˵ΪǣΪԼδְɡ
ǡǸף϶Լ뷨Ҳ˵ֱ뿪
Ǹط¶һĨЦǾͺúõĵȴɣС÷ҵ뷨ȸ޵֮Ȼ㳲кξ壿
˵֮󣬹뿪
ڲˣΪʱ䡣ԷȻҲڼɵʵͣ̽飬
Ϲ뷨ȴŹŷ޵еʱ򣬾ݸǳɳʱȻҲ¡
ԹȻֶԷ٣ȴ¶ݾߡ
֮Уŷ类ѣõһϢˮѾ֪ͨе£ǻع飬ΪӣҪٰ顣
¶һĨЦŷֱվ׼Ǹ֮ءҲνʥ硣
ǧҪСġΪԺһֱڱչأŷϢ̳ˡ
ģģڵʵȻǶˮҪɱңҲûôסŷŵ˵
ҡͷݸŷһ
ҵһı˵
Ȼ
ŷ¶Ȼɫ


1807 
лŷͷԷл
ǸȻ˵𣬻뿪
֮أҲʥ硣ûָ㣬ҵطȻǵҲһ
طǺܶϹ֣һطۼǿߣȻǿ󣬵ҪҵϹصĵطԵЩ㡣
ŷ֮£ҵ˽ʥ֮С
ŷ֮һɿµѹ֮һùŷһ⣬ԶӦѹ
ŷԾѹǳǿ󣬳󣬿ƿֲ
֮أϽѹҪǿ򱶲ֹһ˸޷棬ҪΪܹֿµѹǱˡ
ڹŷǿ˵㲻ʲôܿһһƬߣûκ
ֻо޴ĹֵĹͷһɭȻĸо
ЩĵǹꪣɢڸأʶǳǶƷǴʱȴѾ⼣ʧȥԡ
һսŷüһѾ֮ˣǹŷȴ֣Լδ߳սȻսС
йŹ֡ŷһһʮÿһ߳ʮȴδ߳ط
Ū飬ҳŷһǳ⡣
ǸطըһŮ߳һ˫ˮӶŹŷ磬顣
ŷ翴Ů̲֮ס¶һ˿ȵɫں
ˣҲ㲻Ҫ𣿡ҧԼĴŭ˵
ŷһ̤ߣס֣˵뿪
ҲߣҲߣҸӦĵʦҲӦˣҪɱ㣬Щŵ˵
Ҳŷ˵
һսȻӣû̲סЦ
ʦЩΪǿĴڣʵֱ׷ʦͲĶ֡ŵ˵ɫ֮дһĨǡ
Ҳ£㹻սʤһСŷʱֵһͷһŭ˵˵Ҫȥɵ
Ŵͣû뵽ԼĻǣľȻһˡ֪ûбҪôˡ
Щ۵Թӣ˵Ҫ˵ɵˣȶһ¡
Źŷߣһùŷ練Եضû
ŷͷһЦ¶һɵӣŻһ뿪
ȴûп¶Ѫɫ˵աһţǰ龰ãһŹֵѪصС
Ѫ룬һѪأȻɢ˵㡣
жţзֵһط԰ΪܹϢ϶ֲ㡣Щ˷ܵ˵
˻һۣŷ¶һĨɵЦݣһ§ס֫˵ȻңһȥɣҲҵ㡣
ŷĻһŷ§ס֫ҲЩӲ
ˣһ˽ȥɣҪǣȻĻҲҵĻ϶ᷢŭʱһƷطͱ¶ˣҾһͻ뿪ˡЩż˵
ŷ˵ͽȥɣҪ̫ˣǵʱ仹ءڹŷĴһǣһûŷıǿС
ŷͻȻˣָԼ촽˵Ҫ
Ѿ뿪ŷ촽Ļʱһ£Щ˵Ҫˣһû뵽ôʵȻҲһɫǡ
ɫߣ֣չŷ硣
ҾͲȥŷ˵ںͶԷ
ŷĻ̲ס˼ƤǿеٴڹŷĴһǡ
˰ɣϽȥɡ˵
ɫ֮дһĨڴҪŷϽѪС
ʵ˵ǣңҲȥġŷͻȻڣ˵Ļˡ
¶һĨŭݣ˵ƭң
ʵƭңղһ˲䣬֪㲻ǻ˺;ǲһġŷһɵʧˣ¶һĨЦŶԷ
ⲻǻһΡȻƣԲǻﱾˣ֮вġ
ŷΪۣĿ棬ڷֲ֮󣬱㿴ԭΡ
һһ䣬ɴ˶Էˡһʿ˻ܹӵлΪʵĻǻ֮еµľ硣
Ѿ֪ǼٵˣͻȻѹŷ֣һŮӣŹŷ硣
ɫ߰ʥޱȣִһȻһֲԳֵĸо
ŷ綼òϣþˡ


1808 Ѫ
ŷͷһѪأѪ֮֮ڣһת쳣ˡʹۼǿߣУҲ鷳
ⲻһѪأһ¯нˣᱻҩΪһѪա
ѪصӣѾ˲֪ǿߡ
ŷ粻ò̾ܿ£ûκ覴ãѡԼΪ͵֣һֱδʧܹ
ʵϣŷΪʥ죬൱ڻΪһ۰ǿߣȻùŷΪԼ͡
ֻû뵽ǣŷսһۣеôС
ҲԸɱ㣬㲻ҪûȤĻһٵڵطŷ絭˵
֮˵ǿƣȴһľϡ
ɫڱˣŹŷ磬̲סʵ㵽˭
ûбҪ֪뿪Ҳ󶯸ɸꡣŷɫŻϢڻϣһ
һ̣Ȼֱӹ
ֱҪԼһƣǻ֣̿Լǵ˾ȻһֲۣܹԼ
ǿߣͲܹǵġڹŷʥΪҲܺýͣҪԼΪͬĴڣһ˲ܲ
۰죬۲̫Զˡ
˵˲ɱ㣬Ļ뿪ŷ絭˵
һĨţȻ˲ԼֱԼĶ䡣
ŷɫȻ˵ѡһ֪λ۴ˣûпԼЩʧͲޣȻ󶼱档
ΪԼпܱǰǿϾ˭ҲԼͨࡣǶһǿ
ǹŷľϣнٺһָо
ǡ
ڣһָͬߣǲǸղţ֣ܸһģĸо
ŷ̲ס̾ĻǾˣǽ۾磬ܹɴ鷳
ҡ
Ͻһֵ̿ӡ
ǿ߽ԼвȻɵԼǲĵùء
ֵ̿ӣŷ̲סЦҡͷ˵㲻Ҳô㣬ǻɵҲǲףҿҪˣһѪҲԵ
ŷָһһѪ۳˻ǰ
ɫѪ˰޾Уֺ󲻾ãȻһͷƾ˵˼㣬һ㽫˳ȥ
ľϳ˾¡һѪܹԸģǰۣԲһۣʵ̫ˡ
ǰѪ¶һĨɫ
ŷȻʧЦˣȻԼһѪһ۰Ҳܽס
һǸСϣС»Ѫâ٣ֱûѪС
ϣгɡŷ˵Ȼһ̤ʧ
лˡ
ڵϣߵݡ
Ȼڹŷ˵ֻһѪǶڻ˵ȴŲͬ塣һѪ㹻Լĵߵ˾ͷȻԳ׻ˡ
䣬ʵ̫ˣʱȻﵽ˻߾죬ҲȻֻԭ̬
ˣлᣬһᱨġŹŷ뿪ķɫ˵š
ٴλָǰӣʼһѪ
ڹŷ磬ٹעڷ֮أ˺ԶһƬߣûзκ顣
ŷɫЩȣѵﾹȻûʲô
֪Լڵĵط֮صı߻ģߵ˼㣬ڣ˻á
ǧһˣҲϡ档
գŷվųѰܵ顣ŷ粻ﵢʱ䣬Ҫôߣ̵ʱ֮ڣﶫˮĵ̡
գŷ֮⣬һϢ
һ뿪һ̳֮⡣ǿ棬Ǵ죬ǼҲɱȾѪµĲˡ
ŷֵʱδ֡۵ʵȻǺ͹ŷȣĲ٣ͷֲ˹ŷĵ
λס֡վ￴һᣬŷ緢ûзԼʱ̲סɿһԼĴڡ
Ȼŷһתһŷʱ˵üͷ̲ס
һǿϢߣȻܽš


1809 ֮
˵ʵ֮ϣȻĻ˵ӵкǿм
һ֣˵һв
ֹͣһɫս׵ǿ߶Źŷ磬ɱڵʵǺˣ
üͷһ壬һ־˵ɷ
ڴ֮УҲǲȻֻдΪʵϵǿߡ
һͬŨŹŷ磬һ衣
һ£սôߣŷ繰֣Ȼɫеľ裬ȴǺ⣬Ǽ˷ʡ
սʲôɫս׵Ӻǳ⡣
ŷĻ֮ɫӾˡ
Ҫȥսһˣλָһ¡ԷĻŷ֪˶֪ս
ֻ˺ս֮䣬ԲѣӦǵһġ
㻰㻹û˵ءɫս׵˵ԵúǿƣŹŷ磬һɵӡ
һʱȴһȻ˵УλѼȻҪȥսǣǾʹȥλѲһˣܹύһѣҲһ¡
ҪĻҲŲءе˵
鲢ԡ
ŷɨһۣղŻƴһˣڿȴûһ˵ӣ̲סЩȡ
ǲǵˣŷ̲סһ䡣
ʦֵܡڣùŷЩ
ʦֵܣټ˸ղţֱ˵һģû뵽Ȼʦֵˡ
ȿȣ˼ˡŷЦ˵
п˹ŷһۣת뿪һ̤ʧ֮䡣
һ⣬Ц˵λѣ
ŷͷе
ӹ޾ɽģ˲ٵԶԣ֮Ͻ磬˺ܶ࣬Ԫϡŷ
ŷЩˣһ磬ԣԪϡȻܹôǿߣЩŹ֡
ѣǸսǶ೤ʱ䵽ŷѯʡ
ҪˡЩͷ˵ղһЦݵӣʧɢһϢһֲĸо
ǹŷûиоһžǰȥãһǳǰ档
ǳزƣȫѪĶУڳǳ棬о޴ĹǼܣвѪ⣬
ŷ͸մѪĳӣϡܹ֮ĸ֣ʾ
ɫ糣ž˽ȥ·ˣһײޱȣŷǿʳһ
вʿͬԹŷ¶ͬɫҪ˹ŷһ
ѣطսǰɣŷѯʣ񣬴һ˿ζ
ЦһмĿ˹ŷһۣ˵ȷʵսǣ㲻õģΪȥսˡ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ΪҪˡЦĻһȺ˳֣ΧסЩ¶ĽɫеľȻһִεĸо
ΪʲôҪɱңŷ絭ʵͷЦЦһӡ
ŷĻ˵֮ǣҲû˵ûбĶ壬ֻʿֻҪԵˣܹо㼫ǿһ
Ҳ˵Щ飬ǱǳԵˣŷ絭ʵ
ֻ֮ǵĳԱʿһʿ㹻ǿܹߣֻ·һ˵Źŷ磬Լ촽˵ѪóˣµΪɿڵζôǿѪһ㡣
Ҳࡣŷ絭˵
ĳǱ飬Ҳ࣬ʵϣǳУһ붼ֻ࣬ǴһУ˵óԣôŶЩŤ
ࣿʲôҶѾ˵ˣûʲôֻ֣֮ԭסߣߣӦñʳЦŷ֮г˷̡
ŷҡͷ˵ʵһһѡ񡣡
ŷĻڳʿһ㶡
ҵҪЦţɫܲмܹоǰˣȻЩŹ֣Ϊ߳һΣŪʲô۶ӡ
Źŷܹ̣ҲΪʵ
ɱȫҵѡ񡣡ŷ絭˵
ŷĻЩЦһŷ񣬳˷̡
һʿȻ˵ĻЦ
ֱɱ㡣һǿվ˳һߣ죬ʱ¶ײеЦݡ
ŷ翴һۣһͷѣ׺ޱȣɫ
ְɡ
ŷ米˫֣վ


1810 ܳд
ѻ죬˹ʱδ¶εģһ׳һֻ£ŷĨɱȥ
ãѪʵϱһǿд˵ѵĸףǴ˵еĻ磬Ĵ֮һ
ǣս죬׺쳣ȴ˲˹ŷ硣
һֻŷ簴ȴ޷ӽŷ磬ǰһߵĵطͣס
ŷɫƽûκϢй¶Ѿ޷ӽЩʿԾ
ͨѶ޷ơʿ̲סŷ񣬴һĨ𾪡
йŹ֣СģҪԿЩʿײУǶ֮ǵĳԱȴǳάȫѡ
һȺŤЩ̬ˣŷţĿһѺɳȥըԪڿµл
ԣһۡʿܵʱ¶ֵɫ
޵УԶЩߺʹܹȵģһεĴڣʵȣ߳پ졣
찡ֺöʿϲȻ֣ȴǷǳˣȻһ㶼һв
ŷһνĳҲۼĴڡ
ĻЩ˲֪Լһ۵ʱ򣬻˷ܣ˵ǵĳ֮Уǿߡ
ŷ縺ֶûߵĴ㣬ʵѾʥ죬ǿʲôزŷԼ֪
ùŷͻâһսƽԾĻŷԼԲ䡣ڹŷţԼǿ
ʿģӦȥ֮ǵĳˡ
ʿȫɢ۾Źŷ磬һŷ絭һЦվҪʶһ£Ǹνĳж
˭֮ҰһǵصϢֹŷоһ˹ȥ
һα𣬵ʵѰǿ׶࣬ǿ׳˼㣬ʱһǰתž˵ϢǼ侪˵ĵ
һۣѪʳȻѾˣͲˣ۵Ѫ⣬ҺþûгԹˡǸ鿪ڣ¡¡죬ը˶䶼Ҫˡ
˵Ҳͷҿ֮ǣҲûдڵıҪˣұʲ֮ǡŷ絭˵ȴž˵ɱ⣬֮ǵʿ
һ۵ɱ⣬µ˼㣬ȻײУҲܺӡ
Ǻǣǵһ˸ҹܳдǰ˵ֻԷڣȻڹŷǰһ˫ײе۾ڹŷϣЦ˵Ѫ⣬ҵȵѪʳҲ⣬ʲôۣҹܳд۴ûзС
զгǹأŷ
ǹʲôܳдüͷһ塣
ǹܲǶŷ絭˵
ܳд۴ŭŹŷ磬㾹ȻתҲǶһ˫ӺڹŷϣҪһ
ⶼˣŷȡ
Χʿǳ鴤һ˲ɣ˭⡣
˭ģܳʵ
սս˳һµӣȻڹܳдϣЩη塣
ۡ
ܳдһָ飬
Ķһ쵰ˡܳŭһָŭߺߵ˵Ȼŷˡ
ŷΪ˵ˣɱԼ£һﻹ⡣֮ǵʿһȴûһ¶ɫȻܹܳд۵ϣ֮ǣȻֲ˹
Ļ쵰أҪʹ򣬲ɱûʱ䣬㵢󡣡ŷ絭˵Щͷ
ߡ
һܳдֱӳ֡
еĹǰŷȥ
ر飬ǳһ˲仯ΪУЩʿѾ㿪ˣּ֪ǿսǱ㹻Զ
ʵŷЦվﲻһֻȴ˳ȥ
ǰײһֱӽǰ˻ȥŷڣվԭأҲûж
ǹŷʵδʥ죬ϹܳдۣҲһսȴһʵԽ˶Է
ܳд۵ʵҲùŷЩ⡣ڵǸαǿ̫ˣԽһճɵۡ
Ϲŷ磬ûκʤ㣬ǹŷĶ֡
ܳдͫ΢΢һܵŷǿʵһ
аľȻļһһ£ǹŷʵе̫ǿˡ


1811 
̫ˡŷҡͷһмӡ
ܳǳ鴤Ŀݣڹŷϣٴγ֡
ǰգҲһǿޱȣʱϢԼ֮䣬һǿ߸֣졣
ףͷеŷ羪ȣһֱֻǰץ˹ȥҪ
ŷд󣬹ܳŭȴһĨϲùŷ绹СֻҪһŷȻᱻش
ʱȻŷսǿҲֻܹɱ
ǰ£ŷײһ֮ͻȻϢǵӰԽԽȻ飬˻
ŷһܿ£ӴǰгǿޱȣҪѹǴǰˣʱԻȻûǰƣҲС
ҵŷ˫ֽӡʥ죬һ˫ϣʥӡۣ˳ȥ

Բ飬ǳըȫΪҽһЩȽϽ֮ǵʿ꼰ˣֱը飬
ʣµһ֮ǵʿٶ㿪ɫ֣̿ŵùǺ
ӹȥŷһ鶼ûУȻٴǰ˹ȥ
ʲôܳдɫ䣬Ȼû뵽һ㣬ԼľжʹˣȻ޷κιŷ硣
ҵùŷ罫ǰȥܳдһѪڴǰ棬Ȼǰʺޱȣٴ۳ǵӰŷ˻ȥ
ǿߣʬǱ裬Ȼǣǿɱŷҡͷһ̾ӡ
ӲǵӰӰǰǿޱȵĴǴʱûǣֻһιͷʹΪ˹Ĺߡ
һǿ˵һ衣
䡣
ǵӰը飬ǹŷҲˣһ̣ŷٴγȥ˫ֽӡʥ죬۳һսɨ
ۡ
ܳд۱һϣһ룬ǹؼʱ̣ôǰסһ£ɡ
ɫ䣬ףԼԲǰ˵Ķ֣һۣǼǿƵۣǶ֡뵽ܳдתӣкףԼǿĴǰûãٺͶսȥɡ
Ȼŷ粻뿪ͬ˳ȥٶȱȹܳдҪĶ࣬˹ܳд۵ǰ档
䡣
ŷ֣ܳд۴˻Ǽսһ𣬹ܳдŭɱŹŷ磬ǰͣĳ֣ȻסŷĹ
Թܳд۵սսһۣǺ͹ŷּĴȣͲ̫Զŷʵâˡ
ۡ
ܳд۰ӱ飬ҽһٴͻΧ
ŷЦ߳һӰһ壬ֱӽܳдΧס
ųĴˣ㻹÷𣿡ܳдЦŷķ֣Ҫȥ
һ̣ɻеĴǰһ㱻ɳȥ
ôܣܳдɫ䣬ŷķ˲šⲻǸһѣôӵбս뵽ͻȻĿŷı壬ԼǸˣǸķֻǸղŹŷ粻֪ʩչʲôֶΣжϡ
ڼȻѾԳˣȻԥŷġ˹ȥ
ȥ
ʱĹܳдۣΪԼҵľǹŷķǰҪŷķɱ
׳ա
ŷ絭³֡
ֱʩչֻأֻص˵˼㣬ܳдۣС
ԣⲻǷܳд۱ɫڸܵһ㡣
Ѿˣŷ֣ǿޱȣֻظϣֱӽֻصС
ֻ֮ܳд۲ҽУջһӤ
Ӥɫ֣̿Źŷ磬ܳдûʧȥʶ֪ԼΣˣҪ
ֻ֮ʧȥһսȫһˡ
ܣ۵š
ûʲôܵģΪۣ㲻ҵĶ֣⡣ŷ絭˵ڹܳдۣǱȽģһα𣬾Ȼɳزۼսһϵ츳Բ򵥣ֻǺܿϧǣһûҺ͹ŷ綯ֱ֣
ۣеˡܳдͻȻһֵĺ
ۣǺε˽ܡַ֮صǿȫһЩˣ޵֣ǿƵ˼㡣
Ƿ֮صۣααɾ͵ġΪڷ֮أû˿ǺƣȻǿϹҲеС
еۣۣ֪ŷݣǡ


1812 
Щ˺ɨţ޵Уִƣľһ붼̲ס
۹ŷ硣ŷ翪ڣ˵Լ֡
ʱܳҡ˹ŷһۣ
ۣûʲôɳܵģֻҲҪˡȻвʣǹܳӲȥ
ŷû飬ֶˣûбҪϡʳ飬лǵͬ࣬һŷ͸оġ
ֻأӿɱӿܳû
һα𣬱ŷɱһ۵ǿߣʵǿǺܿϧǹŷ硣
ۣոճɵʱҲδܹѹƹܳУҲ͹ŷǿ֣ܹ߳ѹһС
䡣
ŷתЩߵʿȫ˻
һָһͷϣõԼҪϢ֮󣬱ֽȫɱ֮ǣʹʧ
ŷʲôطˣһƬģսǣźԶľ롣
ν֮ǣʵ£㲻ʲôȻۼսǷ֮أľǸ֡
Ǳӡ޷磬Աưԡˮ֮һ
ڶˮʲôŷ粻֪ŮأͬʱҲǳǿƣȻϹҪɵǡ
֮أʵ϶ˮѲֻ࣬ȵͬǿ󣬶ҶŮԣȼЩϹ
ŷ֪·ߣԥһʧ
ȻϹڶ࣬ۼսҲ϶ġϾЩϹȻ˵࣬ҲֻԵģʮҴ󲿷ʱ䣬
ϣһ죬⿪ң֮䡣ּǿߣǴףѱôܸıһƬ֮С
ɽڽŷ粢ɣϢ¾ǿߣ鷳֮أٻὲʲôʵΪ
һᣬŷһǳؽ£ΰޱȣޱߣصϢת˵˼㡣
ǡ
ʲôϹĳǳأһۣｨġҪԽǳأֻ߹ȥڷɹȥ϶һսġ
һǿƵۣŷ粻˷ͻ
ȥŷû̫ڰμ⣬ͬɢһϣ֪ԼǺǵġ
ȻػųǽʿûΪѹŷ磬ֱӷͬС
ЩʿǷһǵ۹ⶾأ֪ʲô˲ܹǡ
Уǿƣߣùŷ̾ڵʣҲټŷ˺ü
ǰȥҪԽǳءڱ飬ڹŷûоȥܡ
һ𣬹ŷ΢΢üͷתһۣһЩӣͷ׷ʱȴ˸ž⣬Źŷ磬ǿʲôϡ䱦һ
΢΢üͷŷ絭˵ʲô飿
ĳһ죬ʵǿУڶܹߵĴڡ
Լʶȴסŷ֪ûʲôԼϡ
ȻǸЦе˵Ѱʣоϣһ֪ܲóһ¡
ŷ۾һУѰһۣ˵ѲԼҪʵеͻ𣿡
ҿɲãλѵԸ⣿ѰȻЦеģֻȴ˸ź⡣
Ը⡣ŷ絭˵һԥûС
ǰ˵ı壬ѰһֺޣܹӦ±ڶԷԼȻǸӦԼڵĶˡ
ֻǣŷҲ֪Ѱ󣬵ǸӦԼڵһ
Ҫ㲻죬ȴǻ죬һλѣԵѵıȤѰʵһЦ߿һۡ
һ۾죬һǻ߰죬ʵȫܿ£Ƕ࣬ŷ翴Ǹ۾ʱͻȻ¶һĨЦݡ
뿴ҲԣҪһطȻĻǱˣҲòŷ絭˵
û⣬ȥ⡣Ѱ۾һ¶ϲɫ
ȻҲﶯ֣ȻǿƣУȴ㲻ʲô
ңкö˵Ҫ֣ʱǲǵò»ͷء
ǲ֪һӹǣ˵ĶԻʱ룬һԺ棬ҡͷ˵֪Ķ
˾𣬲һлߵĻ𣬵һޱȣһַо
ǺӢȴͿò֮һ覴öҲΪһǿƵۣȻܵŷȵսȻδǹŷĶ֡


1813 
Ѱˣ˹ŷ磬
ڹŷΪλ뿪ȴ֪ȴһָо˶벻ʲô³
ǳغܴ󣬺ޱߣһϵǶڹŷ˵ȴ㲻ʲôں̵ܶʱڣ뿪
һ֮߳⣬ʱѰ˽ŷΧסЦѰڣҲûһЦݡ

һ𣬵˵ȴѰǣǹŷ硣Ǹ۾죬Ȼһˮĸо
ѰסˣĿɿڴû뵽Ȼһ⣬ԼҪᱦ˺òá
СӣҿǷ˰ɣѰЦŷ֮г˼
ѰʵĻŷҡͷ˵ʵҵǾǷˣҪң˺ûУ
ͷˣŷЩĸо
ŵĶҲܲҪǸڹ꣬Ĺǽҡŷ綢Ǹۡ
һ۾䣬»ߣֱǼƷ
ŷĻɫ࣬˵ҪҵĹǣǸͲС
𣿴ùܹĹ𣿡ŷЦе˵
һȻһֲõԤУǻǵͷĮм˵һʿѣȻղҪıҪ
Ȼ۶ɱ⡣һĹǣƷļƷϣ֮Ĵܣܶ඼רǣǻܣ߹ǡ
һڣʧȥˣʵ½㡣
ۣ㱻ιǣһҪԼĹǣͳױˡ
Ѱʣһߣ¶ͬɫǵĽݴ磬Լ˼˽ˡۣ˭˭Ҫù
ھҪ㶼ˣˡѰһͬģ
˭֪ôҲǻáһҲڡ
ŷЩᣬЩҸоҲ̫ˣΪˣȻû뵽Ҳ۵ʱ
治Ը⽫Ǹңŷһ䡣
Ѱʼŷ羹Ȼѯʣüͷһ壬Щ˵С̫֪ˣʶĻｻһʹ죬ȻĻĥ£ԶʹС
ôŵˡŷһµӡɫôôһǷӣһη嶼ûУڵ٩Է
ߡ
ѰߣʱҲǿŷԵЩ޿֡
ɱҪϻˡۿڡ
ĻѰɫһ֪Լϴͷˡ˺ԥŷ˹ȥ
ɱң˰ɣĹǸҡŷоһ˵Ȼһֻץۡ

۴ŭָ絶ŷն䡣

һ죬˶סˣֱ飬Ѫըֻʣ°׹ǡ
ѰҲҪǵһĻ֮пϽˡ
ɫŹŷ磬ʵ㵽ʲôˣ
ĳŷǿŵˣղ֣վڹŷֱϣն˵һֱַը
Ǿ쵽ԣ΢ջһֱ۶סҶ˵ˣԹԵĽǸң£ȻĻҪŷ絭˵ûʲô֮ġ
˱ҲҪҪɱġ
ŷֻҪ۵Ĺǣһ㲻˼ĸоûС
Σֵһϣɱ˵ȳŷ֡
һѳۣɱŷüġ
Ҫŷɱһһ㶼û֡óۣһˡ
ŷɫһ˵ˡ
ۺȻУŷᵯָĳ顣ŷ翴Ѱһۣǻδŷߣ㵹˳ȥԡѪ
ֻһ񣬱һ߰һ죬ۻ֪Լǵʲôˣһۼǿߡ
ûйԼֵܣתӡ
Ǵ۾ĵ۵֣Ե߻𣬶ߵĻᡣֵܣǺ⣬Ҳ̫ˣѰ츳ŲὫ˵ֵء
ŷҪ֣ץ
ʱһһµӳ֣һЦ˵ˣһֵֻȥüĳһѪϢʧȻѾɱԪ
һ֣۵ǰȻѪܵĹǣŹŷ硣
ҡŷ֡


1814 
ӸֶЦ˵ΧĶġ
ŷһУǰ˾ȻݡЦһ˵Ҳ㵽˭дãǲҵĻҲ
ͬۼǿߣҪβЩЦʵŹŷ磬Цݡ
ڹŷ磬û̫ĵ⣬ǹŷе㲻ףԷΪʲôҪԼΪѡ
Ȼ벻ףǾʹ˵뵽ŷֱӳˡ
ֻؾ춯أѹȥֻ֮תҪֻءһɹԲܣҪΪס
ÿµֶΡ𿪿ڣ˫ֽӡƵֱӳ˳
һǳ޹⣬ŷСֿµĽ⣬˼㣬Ҫٵŷһ
Ǻǡ
ŷüģָⷢ⣬ʵȥɫĽײһ
һ̣ձ飬嶼һ
δˣΪղֻ̽Եһʲô
ɫ֮ЩȣȻܵŷۼǿߣδ뵽ŷʵǿ
ҲǿҵĶˡŷ絭˵
ʵǿ󣬱˿һǿߣս죬Ȼ֮УҲΪ
ŷѹԷ˵ΪԼһܿµĶ֣ʵǿ˼㡣
𵭵һЦȻŷ˹ȥֶξˡϣȴûһɱ⣬ڸŷתһ˼Ҫɱŷ磬ֻҪ͹ŷд衣
ǹŷȴһ㶼Ҵ⣬˭֪Էʲô뷨һҪ֣شˣ޶ûеطȥ
ԹŷҲ飬⣬Ӳȭͷ໥ײһˣ¶һĨʹɫ˹ŷһۣ̲ס¶̾ɫ
ɱһ̣֣ǲǽ಩ղֻһײףԼȻΪҲǹŷĶ֣ŷ̫ǿˡ
죬һ
ŷ羪ȣϢôôֶΣϢ֮УȴܲһϢʥȫһ
һȥ
ŷ絯ָʥ⻯һѳ˳ȥײ
ѣȫˣŷѪЩڣĿͻȻһΣյĸоͷ
̡
ŷȣʩչһֶϻ꣬Լϡ
һ̣Ҳȳһ֣ѡ
ǲ
ŷ绤ʥһҡȴû顣һȻһֶϻ꣬𣬾Ȼˡ
һֶϻꡣҲֹͣ˳֣ŷ֮г˾ϲ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ͷ˵һֶϻ꣬û뵽ˡ
죬ԶǣɫƽȴЩУҪŷ
ǡŷû̻ش𣬶˵
һ£ֱӸ˹ŷ磬һԥûСֹǣȻӵо˵ķǶ˵ôǺܴ
ӵۼսۼǣȻĻۼս׻ƣһûС
ǣ˵ֻں͹ŷ翪Ц
֪ŷԼ֮ͬǲסˡǹŷֻһϵҲΪѹŷġ
˵˰ɡŹŷ磬˵
ҲŵˣҼʥʯ壬һֶϻ꣬ҵġŷ˵͡
Ӷɳˣ̲סʥ˺ʥ
ֵ˹ŷˣҪ֪ԱĴڸӹϣƺʯΪʥˣⲢ⣬ΪʯŵĿߡǳƺΪʥеˣȣֻһ
ŷɫɻʵʲô벻׵ĵط𣿡
㣬һȻ֮еǿߣӦǴ˵еĴ²Ŷԣô֮أڶ㣬ǰ;Բٲ磬˵ӦеʲôƺΪʥŷ̲סʵ
ŷĻ¶һ֪ʵӣЦ˵ʥΪͨ죬ŵķţΪѰʥˣÿһﵽ۷֮󣬱ֻأϢʥˣѰʥ˵䣬ʥΪôʥ
ҡ¶һĨЦ
ŷ羲վû˵Ҫ͡
һ˰̾


1815 Ϊ˻
ˣͷɲġرһ˵ԼˣŷȴȫšãԷΪʲôԭԲŻ˵Ļ
ˣǴ¡仰ôԣûһԥȻֵЩܹˡ
ȻֺɱۣǹŷȴΪ۱ɱʲôΪɷ죬к˲ǿߣɱһˣе
һɱʮŽ磬ɱ𵭵˵
ŷ絹һɱʮŽ硣νŽ磬ָǻ磬кޱߣ޾ȴʮŽ磬ԿԱΪˡʹۣһֱڣŽ񣬵һˣȴҲûµ顣
ΪʲôоһŷʵһŴ£飬϶ԭġ
ŷ⣬һĨ˿Ц˵Ǳǵ壬Ϊ˲ǸӳȥɱʮŽ飬ǸǿУҲɱʧˡ
ŷ絹һΪҪɱһˣȴʮŽ磬ŷĲ֪ǶǴˡͬʱҲԿ𣬾ԲһѶϵˣɱϣûһԥ
ˣһһĵۻʡ
ҲǶǴĿָԼĶԴǾֵãȷģǾòֵãǴġµ񡣹ŷֻ˵Ӧǹŷо
δ˵β¶һĨЦݣ˵˵һỰùˣĻ뵽һ𡣡
ˣһбءŷҡͷϽսǣȥˣᷢ⣬޸Ĵʦ֡
ŷŮˣǲȾָģһŷǳȷ
ѣȻҲ֪Ҫʲô飬ǿӣǶԷ֮زǺ˽⣬ʲô鷳飬ҵǿ԰һ£Ҳŵİӣŵ⣬ֵܡ˵
̬֮дһĨϣŷ翪ڡ
΢΢ԥһ£ŷҲã֮ǵЩ֪ĲǺܶ࣬һ֪飬ȻҪҪĶˡ
뵽ŷͷ˵á
ĶԷԼеĴڣŷ绹ǱȽϷĵġȻڷ֮Ҳһд£ߵΪ
δ̣ʵ
ҽŷ硣ŷ˵Լ֡
һЩ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬˵еľۣû뵽ȴ˵иǿ󣬴˵âУâǱնɱˡ
ȻԼ֣ŷҲЩȣԷ˵Լս̲סҡͷ˵ǽҶѣǹƽһսʱҵĲǵĶ֡
Ҳ˵ڹѾԻˡӹŷĻУһ˼
ŷûзΪڵʵԻˡԼʵŷԷƱʲôӣʲôӣûбҪ̫ǫ顣
ȻΪۣ̲ס̾̾˵
һǰУ˹ȥ֮˶ֻһЩʿ񣬶̲סŷ磬ǲ⣬⵽ʲôˣȻͺԼĳһ
Ҫ֪֮У˼Ϲ֮⣬Ϊǿˡ
ңҲ˵ǷݵĻԿԴϹž˵ֶΡ
֮еĵλʵǷǳߵģʹһЩϹ𣬶֡
˺𲢼УЩȻȡ
ǶûЩŷȻ˵ԼݣֻصĲ²⣬ǽ˳
κ˶ûУֻҪػ
˷ֱŷ˵Ҫȥսǡ
һ¶ȵɫ̲ס˵˵ǹսĺˣսǣǶˮĵطǰӦǹսԭ䣬ѵŷҪȥԼŮʼ棿
³˹ŷͶˮĹϵȴûв³ŷĴ㡣
ǵġŷҡͷ
һ£Щ⡣
ˮȷʵŮʼ棬ӽն˿ʼ涼նˣЩˣǲˣһǰȥΪ˻ŷЦ˵
һ¡ɫЩŹֵĿ˹ŷһۣ˵ŹϲˣѵҲ͹֮ʲôϵ
Щ棬Եúǰԡ
ŷ翴һֱۣ˵ҵŮˡ
ʱˡ


1816 ׼
Ц˵һ֣ڸоˣˣҲѹֻôŮơ
ŷЦǳ⡣
ѧҲѧʵϾսߵŮԲ٣ͬĽŷ硣
æǰﶨˡЦ˵
ŷЩ⣬ԼΪ˻ҪֻԼ붫ˮһὫԼΣյľء
뵽ŷϽ˵ллˣ飬㻹ǲҪĺá
ŷĻЦ˵ΪʲôһΣգİɣȻϲûмҵʵ׷ɱĻֱ֮УȻˮҲԲҵҡ
Ļŷ۾һ⵹һ÷
ûмʹɵġ磬ڶһǿ
֮Уʽ΢Ҫˣѿ֮дԼĵŷ翪ڣϣŵĹܹ硣
ʥ֮ǿ˼㡣
ơϲ
ŷ磬Щʵ֣ɲðһ䣬Ǹʲô
ʦ֡ŷ翪ڡ
սʵĵӣ»ߣüͷһ¶һĨݡ뵽һ˵УʮεʵͷѪǡѪ׻ʵĵǣ⼸һ𣬿ԸѾȥǿߡ
ŷʹõһַ̲סʵ֪ŷ绹
ռôֻ꣬һˡŷ˵ɫ֮΢΢Щϧ𣬲֪ҡֶľҪңǷǳѵġ
ŷĻ¶һĨŹֵЦݣй⻪һһ˸žŲëУǱĶǷ
ŷ۾һ¶ɫ
Ƿ𡣡ļˣһҪĶȫռȫˣֻҪʩչܹð»֮䡣
뵽飬ŷма»ߵĻͲõĶˮˣõ
һ濹ˣʵǿ󵽿µĵز׷̶˵»ߵʵˡ
а»ߵĻӣŷ罫η塣
Һ͹ĺԵ֣˵ûκô͸ˡ˵󽫷ݸŷ硣
лɱһģǸһʵǿڣȴײޱȣ飬һձֱնɱ
Ǹֻһûбû뵽Ȼڽ˴ó
̫ˣҾʩչʦֽӻŷЦ
»߸˵һϢٶˮܹԸҹŷţ԰»ߵʵȻԶˮҲ·硣
֣׼𣿡ŷĻһ
ŷҡͷ˵Ѿ׼ġʮ㣬ȻʩչΪҪһѾǿ߹ǻһ㶼ġʵϣ̶ֳȵ׳ַɣһ֣ŷǿߣп䡣
ͣڹŷţʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ£ȻɹˣʩչˣҲҪѾ޴ĴۣǹŷƵĺټ
ŷڸ˵ĸоҪʩչһֻͨҪʩչһСͨһ
˼Ҫõҵĵطܿڡ˵
ʵϣȻμӽȥҲͬΣաܹ˵ֻڹŷϿɣĵѡ
ŷȴҡͷЦ˵ȫãһ˾ˣİɣκġ
ŷţһ㵣ĶûС
ܲʵһ룬̲סҪľΣȻϹķɣҲסͬΣգʵǲ֪ŷôš
ڻҪ鷳ˡŷͻȻڣɫһ
ֲҪ˵Ͻ˵
һ˵ĵطﷶΧ֮û飬ȻĻһЩ꼰Щ飬ʱһЩɱǾͲˡŷǳ˵
ЩһСæ
ŷĵͷҪʲôʦ֣ǰ׷̽񣬹ŷȻҪִУڵѾﵽˡ
ŷһӣ˵
ֱ뿪ûκ˷ֵʱԶ˹ȥ


1817 ʼ
һƬ˵ĵ򣬷Բûκ飬Ե÷ǳš
ŷͣһƬаأˣһʱûлָ̫ƶˣʹΪǿԸطΪʵ̫ˡ
ŷͷ¶һĨϲɫط̫ˡ
лȻȵУŷߵһ͹ŷһģһˡ
һ壬һӵк͹ŷ籾һʵķȻʲô⣬ٵĲֻǹŷһѣ˺ŷı塣
ַȻڶһԼ𾪵˵
ʱͻȻףԼԲǹŷĶ֣һŷսҲаұֲʤܣŷ磬ǾȫһˣԻᱻŰһС
һ壬һϧʲֻһǸǰԻ뱾һʵķԼŷ˵͡
ǸǰһһܣȻǿͨǳ̾˵
ŷЩŹֵĿһۣ֪֪ԼеǸǰֻһߵĻʲôӵɫһǳÿ
뵽ŷ̲סЦ˳
֣ЦʲôЩȵĿ˹ŷһۣ̲סʵ
ŷסЦݣ˵û£ֻ뵽һ飬ԲЦ˳
ԭˣˣһǳȤȻܹù˶̲סЦصʶһˡЩڴ˵
ĳڻص磬һַǳԸ
ŷͷЦĶǳĬ
֪ŷ紿ӦɫһƬ䣬뵽ʲôһ̲סһĨЦݡ
䡣
ڴʱ֮ľɫͻȻˣ𶯣ԶɹһƬƣдɭȻϢʲô׳һ
ŷѹǶһۣԷеء
ŸտʼŷķղŴһͨȻеˣǶƲ㣬ɫأпµϢľ
ȻΪۣϢǿ󣬲ӡ
ע⣬ǧҪǸҸŷ˵ɫأƲеģֻҪǸײеĶ֣㲻֡
ȻҪֵĻŷһʱɱǸ
ŷӡһʮһͨȫ˳ȥճһ¯Ȼŷ㽫׼ĲͶȥ
䡣
¯պһʮϢ𣬿µ˼㡣ܹʮʣгХߣ׻Хβƣ졣
ŷڲͣоӴľĴ۳һ֣¯С
ŷһԼԴһӡץ˳ǰ»ߵĴУٻΪ»ߵĸӡ
ӡУǸ¯ӿޱȣǿһֿµϢѡ
ڴʱ֮ϵǸǸܵʲô¶һͷӢУ䣬ûһ
գֱɨǸ¯ɨ˹ȥ
ϡ
ŷĺǳһȻֱ֣ӺɱͷӢС
Ӣкǿ󣬵ڹŷĹ֮£ֱӱˡ۵ȫһµ˼㣬Եס
䡣
һ̣һͷ޳֣ХǣɭȻŹŷ֮гײС
ŷǳԾǸղֻоһͷޣȴû뵽Ȼеڶ
ԡ
һһ֣ХǱ飬ѪȾ񷡣
ǲãһͷ޳֣ȸղŵХǻҪǿ
ŷ˼˵֪ˣЩ飬ǹԽԽǿ󡣡
ô죿һ
ǵȵﵽΣ鷳ˡ
ֻܹɱȥʮһͨһʮһޣȫҪɱŷһ⡣
Ĳ²⣬ǹŷһְգġ
ĻӦû⡣˵΢һ¡
Щ޾ÿһһǿ֮Ƕ뵲ס
ڴʱ¯֮УһӰԼ۳ŷһ¶һĨϲɫǰ»ߵֻû뵽ǣȻô˳Ȼûȫͣվʼɹˡ
ڴʱЩˣǿϢӿ硣
һӳʮͷޣʵ졣
ԣʹõĲ̫ˣӿ˸Ḷ̌ЩҲӦǰĳˡԾ˵


1818 
ԭԭ򣬹ŷЦõĶ̫ˣҲһִڹŹֵţŷȴһ㶼ûֺͣɱЩޣǴɢ
ˡ
ʮǿϢ٣Ȼʮ飬ÿһ£ת˵˼㡣
ʮۣŷȻ¶𾪵ɫ
ʮ⻹ôͷۣŷȴڰмԼ֮ǰԼһһΣĻʧܡ
֮У㹻ǿƣʮ۵ĺɱҲܵס
ɱ
ʮŭŷǳɱ
һҪȥ
ŷȴһס˵õģеơ
ŷĻֹסŲŷУһɫûйâĹӳ֣ɴСֱӺɨ˹ȥ
ݸŷĶ
飬ʮۣȫ˳ȥ챦ϣһ۵Ե÷ǳ£ֱ޵еġ
׵е۱ɢֱʧˡ
ЩγǿߣȻǿ󣬵ֻиոս۾ս͵ס
ɱ
ŷٴλӶγ۱ɱ
챦̾û뵽ŷ羹Ȼֲֶ˵ʽѾ׼ء
һһ죬һθ»ߣܹɹ
ʮγۣȫɢʧһƬ֮䡣
ɢָԿǸ¯֮еİ»ߵ壬ʼ۳ճʵ

ŷһɹ˵һ۳»ߵ壬һлˡ
⡫
ŷӡͷųӡϢٻ»ߡ
䡣
ֱ֮֮ڻҹ
ħ޺ȿֺӿ
ЩսħƬƮ޾£ʱܵиĻᣬֱӳ˹ȥ
ǣ»ӡ⣬ЩħƬȫų˳ȥ
ŷףûа»ߣЩħƬУ˲ʣһεĻᡣ
ãǸӡ̫ˣܵסЩƬġһ˵ɫ֮Щż
ŷҡͷ˵ûйϵ
ڴʱķһ⣬ֻأȻ꾭ħƬȫɢ˲䱻Ȼ
һĻ̲סֻܹ̾ݻزѾ㹻ˣھȻصĶȻ꾭ڹŷϣ̫ˡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ˳ļһʲôʱ򣬶ܹϷµĶ
⡫
ŷķ𣬻¡¡˸ܵһֽڵ
ŹŷĴ󺰣һµƬ֣ŷ翴һۣʱ۾һ
ǰ»꣬ǳ϶κ⡣
ʱŷķˣ˫ֽӡһӡ»ߵƬ֮УԽԽƬ֣ȫͰ»һģȥĻꡣ
ּ鲻𣬼ʹˣҲ᳹ʧƮУ޾²
Թŷٻа»ߵƬҪǾۼȻ󳹵׸»ߡ
䡣
֮һ֮£»ɱҪֹ

ŷ籾ɨض׵硣
ǹŷԼҲܵµĳ˺ԶһѪ
ףȻ۶ӣֻһЩϹܹס̲ס
ʵϣǹŷ׵лҲǾԵסס̫ˣֲľ
ŷͷʾףķѾټ»еƬڽС
ŷĶϵӿֲˣ·£ȸղſֲ˺ü
֣һѡŷ翪ڣҪһ߶סһƬ
ͷգǿ˼㣬ŷ߶˼㡣
䡣
ɨǺӣǬһγµ˼㣬ײ˿·硣
ǹŷɫ԰ףȫѪ
ŷңҺæȻĻһ˶뵲סʵ̫ˣֲ졣
һ߶µܣȴã޷סһʱᣬҲ޷ѹ䣬˲ŷǡ
ŷڿ֧ţķͣĳ֣ʱ»ߵѾ壬ڳ׻Ѱ»ߡ


1819 ¸
䡣
׿񱩣ȫѹˡǸӦŷҪɹҪֹŷǡ
ˣȻ챦ǿޱȣǹŷʵ㣬һϹ߶Կס
ŷˣ޷׷ӳ챦ֲܡ
Ѫž죬ɫأһԼΪµܡ
֮䣬ȫըȫ׻顣
á
ŷ𣬴߶סˡ
Ϊֲ̫ˣʱͻ֣֮ǻǵĻǺܱܿɱ
ڵİ»ķŷʱϾ˼ˡ
׽ûŷܵԼķһʱͱˣкȻȻֻһҲֲʵ൱ȴ˲䱻ɱˡ
ףܹвϹ
ֲûԸʩչָ˵ͨΪʵ̫ΣˣһСģͻ
Ϲδܹס˭֪⻹ûиӿµĶ
ŷӣԷеĺȻµ˼㣬һִͷĸо
ԣҪĹûмǵϡŷͻȻһղ¯ڵķ
ķղŴûУҲ뵽ĳֿܣ̲סʵ
ˣѵǣŷҲͬ¶ϲɫ
ڴʱһɿµϢѹһУֲ졣ǿߵϣ춯ء
׸ӿ񱩣ɱȥ
ǣǵϢ䣬ڷУᣬһֲĸ߶ȡŷ级Ȼ̶ֳȵϢԿ⹫͹սϸֲ֣˼㡣
ҲʱϢѾﵽ˼ޡ
ֻˡ仰ȫ飬֮䣬һƬ
󣬹ŷ翴һ˵ĳ֣һ£ӢΰޱȣվҪѳȥ
ضѹƣ·һƬأĹϽ֮УϢȼ硣
»޾֮ǿƸٴΰһƬ֮䡣
Ǵ˵еİ»ߣһʱ֮սʵĴӣǴ˵пսʵǿߡ𵹳һ
ڴʱһֻ£ҪĨɱ»ߡ
ֻϣƣпµĵɱ⸡֣Ȼ۶סƣᱻĨɱ
ǰ»ֻǵĿֻһۣµĹ⣬ֱӱֻ֡
ǿѪһӣڵϣΪһƬءȻһĻ̤УдΣա
ҪҾͳȫ㣬ΪҸ֮նɱĵһצ»߱˫֣գųĻ
ޱȣǬŶǳܲסϣڲͣı飬ȫ𣬵סϡ
»߿£ַľ
ŷĿɿڴԼʦ֣ǹǿƵģУڱҪն˶Էһʱǿ֮һǼս죬Ȼսˣ޵еսȴ޷
֮䣬Ҳûһ㶯»֣߳һȫžǿߣ֣ǿ۷ʱڣҲѹư»ߡ
»ߣ޵Ȼֻսʵӣʵսʡҫţǿޱȣһһսͬްܡ
Ű»¼ʱ򣬰»ŷ˹
ŷһû̹ȥΪ֪»߻ôԴԼʦܡȻԼλʦֵΪ˵ôŷȴ̫˽⣬ֻ׷˵Ӧһ˾ӡ
ʵ֤׷̵Ļһ㶼ûд
߹Ц˵û뵽ǾȻΪʦֵܣ㾹ȻðôΣսҸʦлʦˡ
»ߵĻŷһ¶еɫ˵ʦֵܣôҲʦҵҿɲɡ
ʦۣһ˴⣬ҺѾûˣղѾϤ£֪֮ǰһ飬ʦĺܺá»Щ˵
սʣ˵һʱǿߣǾʲôȴû֪»ҲԿ϶Լʦ𣬾һϵĴڣ˲֪ٴεֻأȴһ㱻Լˡ뵽ޱȡҺսʻָͲٵˡ
ŷͷ԰»ߵĿ佱û˵ʲôΪڰ»ߵǰ飬ʵе㲻ֵһᡣ
ҲҪлλŵĵˡ»ֵл
һһ˵е޵ǿߣɲд˵ҡ


1820 Ͼ
˻صǣ»ʱҲ֪ʲôԱŹŷ硣
»ߣҲŷ˽ʽЩ飬ԶϤЩ飬ȴһܹϤ
ŷսʣ»֮йϵ֪֮һЩ飬֮飬»˽Ĳࡣ
ʲôǶǰһƬսŷĽܣ̲סվ
ŷɻ󣬲֪ΪʲôôķӦ
Ҳ֪ʦȴٽǸսΪΣʱ򡣡»ɫء
ŷһۣѵǸνսѾΣز𣿹ŷ뵽ЩǿߣһĶ
һףǸսд鷳ˡ
ҸӦˣצûмģЩϹｫǶˣûлɱһףǣսĺΣЩצȻĵˣڹؼʱ̣ҲֿЩеģϾˣ磬ҲҪˣǵػҲڡ»ЦԼĲ²⡣
ŷ羪ȣԭЩצǱģԺȲѵĺ֡
б֣Щ˶ӡǻɱǵĻȻеѣȴԿϱȴûг֣ȻΪԭ
ʵ֮أҲһЩȻǱϾҲǶսҲûбɱԭϱЩˣھ˵
֮еƣ֮ҲһЩ˽ģȻԷԡ
ôһ˵ŷиӳأоˣЩϹھһ㶼˷ѡ
Ҳȥսɡŷ˵
˹ŷһۣͷǰ»ߣȴҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôŷ̲סʵ
츳˷ѣսȻܹܿΪܹڼ̵ʱ֮ڣΪزǽĻҪǸǿŲ˷츳֮УҲƽҸӦˣиط磬źܴĵ⣬㲻뿪Ҫ磬һ泹׷ԼǱܣһ棬ҲҪѹһвг»˵
ŷ粻֪֮УǺܺг̫಻ء磬ͷۣ֪ʲôʱ֡
צЩȻҪҲǲءԹŷڵʵ޷κǡ
磬ҲҪ̵ʱ֮ڣʵĻ޷Щǿߡ
һʱȥսˡŷЦ
»ߵͷ˼һ£ͻȻ¶һĨЦݣ˵һָоЩצǿ֮ҲͿǰսˣǸʱһ˱˶á
ŷզ࣬ݺݵĵͷ˵һ첻̫Զġ
ǾˣͬܰŰ»ߵĻͷȻһʲõӡ
ǡ̾
ŷͰ»ߵ֮У˾̾һŵˣȫսʾͲ˵ˣϹ޵С
»Ϊǿߣսʱױȣĸ֣С
ڹŷ磬ȻֻһۣǲҪˣӣʵ̫ˣһǧ꣬൱ڻ죬ۼսˣҪ̤ľ磬úܶϹﶼҪҲͬ»˵е֣ϹﶼǶ֡
ʦ֣ŷ󡣡ŷЦЦ뵽Լһ֮صĿģϽ˵
»һת⣬Ѿоˣŷ¡
Լ˵һ飬ŷ»¶һĨЦʦܵŮˣôĵӣĳ֣Ǹˮ˲㡣
ţûнˮУɵΣһ֮Уκˡ
лʦ֣ʦֲҪҵ档ŷ»ߵл뵽ˮ֮󣬶ʱ̲ס˵
һЦ˵İɣ˵ˮսһźԨԴģʦѪѪں飬ʵҲǰʦɡ
ŷͷֻҪӦ˾ˡ
ˮ飬ǹŷ粻ԷϾŮʼ棬ݲһҪ˶Էʵе˵ȥ
Ϊλ·ЦҪŷ磬а»ߣӵûκεˡ
źһЩ飬˳սǸϹȥĴ죬һ·ϣûκϰ


1821 쾳
һ·ϣͣĵͷ̲ס˵֮أȷʵһǿƣϧܹЩϹǿߣûжκһ
ԵЩϧطȻǿߣǶǶ⡣
αα٣ۼսģȴṳ̂һǿߡ
ʦ֣һֱܺ棬ǿߣѵǻ߾죿ΪʲôϹŷ̲סʵ
˹ŷһۣ»̲ס¶һĨЦݣĵĽ͵ˣϹʵﵽģֻϹܹһˣڶʱ֮ڣ磬ʱ䳤ˣŻὫǿߣϹʵ磬һƺ
ʲôŷ¶ɫ
쾳˼֮һΡ»߿ڣ˵һƺ
죬⣬ŷˡ
ֻʸϵۣǱ̤쾳ۼǿߣʸ֪һУˣҪŬܹо˵ϣ̤ǸǱرʦܣ츳ǽ쾳ҪˣҲᱻ顣˹ŷһۣ˵Ļ
˼ԣŷǽ쾳δǹŷĶ֡
ĻŷЩ죬Ͻ֣˵ʦ֣ͲҪȤˣȻǸģҪ죬˵ֵôаǲܵģϾǶ֮£ĺͻơ
˵ŷ뵽˺ܶˣսʺ⹫һʵﵽһµĵزǻûа취죬ѡ
ǹϣֻʮ̤ʥҪѳȥڿδܹɹȻʥǳǶ뻹ع֮ڡ
ҪԷƱߵڣѵ㻹ûзԼӦ˶֮һ㲻ҪԼ˵ܹܹЦ˵
ǽһǳأȻ˲䴩
˲ƿܹ֮ܲȥɱɣŷ̲סЦˣԼʦ֣Ȼˡ
˭֮أŷĻð»Ҳ̲סһЦ
ŷһ㶣˲֣ôܣ
֮£ܵ˵ĹϽȻҲҿ϶˵һʲôӵĴڣҿԿ϶Ӳ˵»Ų죬˸֪ʲô
ʱһϯȴùŷ˶̲סɴ۾˻֮ϣǵһʲôӵĶһʲôӵĴڡ
˶֪Ϊ֮УߣȻǡ
ˣʲôŷʡ
ǺöƲ죬˵
ŷһ飬Ҳ̫˰ɣ֪ʲôˣ˵˲ǺöʦҲǿġ
Ϊʲô̲סһ䡣
ָָԼԴ»ߺٺһЦ˵˵ĵС
ΰ£ŷ綼Ҫ»ָ߱ĳ嶯ˣ˵ĵУզ֪˵ġ
һ·̸Цսǡ
ʱɽ˺ʿൽ˼㡣ȫǸʿʵϣ֮أʿڶ࣬ԶԶŷ
ÿһǳصǿߣ·һŽ硣
öߡŷǳ鴤Ļ̫ˣдۣһȥ˲١
ǲǺܳڣֻһЩսǿߣܹܵ㹻ء
ҪﱻӣҪ߾졣
֮£羹ȻԵЩѷɫˡ
ﲻ硣»߿ڣɫ֮дһĨп
ʦ˵Ǹʱɣڿɲһǿߵ㣬ӢŲԣû̫ǿߡ˵ŷ΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
ȻǿߣʱڸյУǽչȴǺܿ죬Щ콾δɳ
֮УȻҲһ߾ĵˡ
ǵ֮ˣԹŷûнС
͹磬֮£飬Ӿԣ㿴ǰЩˣȫѭ浸أȻǿٶܹ࣬Σֹ߾磬ӢŲһ޵ĴԣƳпʶǿߡ»߶ǰ˺ܲмǶ飬ȴź͡
Ҳ֪е飬вӢţעҪǧš
ŷһ£װ»ߵ˼ӦǿԼһЩһ·ɱ˲ǿߣвʵϣŷԲΪУиֿµû䣬ڳɳС
еģЩ콾Ǳ


1822 ĴŮ
۹㹻ԶڣֻԲ˵
ŷЦԶǣнǣĽΪԼܹ𣬵ǹŷȴڡ
µƣǳϾ
֪ʲô㾡ȥҲֻܹ˵ˡ˵
ս֮ȥߣúܶ˾ȡҪ֪𣬾һǳЩϹ֮⣬ΪǿƵĴڣڣȴ˺УҪ΢ǰЩʿЩ˼顣
˿֪ǿߣ
ҲʲôˣǧҪǣȻϹõˣҲԲܹǵġ
һЩʿۣ˵֮УһĨη
Ȼ˲ϹۼսҲȷʵ̫ˡ
ϣһЩϹŷȻ³ԵıңΪϹĶ֡
ŷȻܹЩ˵ۣǲǺ⣬ûʲôñ˵ġ
롣
ȴڣɨһۡ
ʱ˶˵ˣһľ֮УһĨľη
ԼɵЧŵ˵ͷŷˣ˵ǲ֪֮أ󲿷ֶǴ׵ĴˣԸ棬һҷǿΪǵĻֻܹǻӵĲ񡣡
ԭԭ򣬹ŷ˵ͷǵ˵ЩνĴòҪǰףȻĻҪҶǲҿɲʲô˵˹ؼʱֻ̣ܻ¡
ܰԵЩνĴ׷С
ŷһ㶼⣬»̫ǿˣһʱ޵е
˽ȥӭӡһŮӣɫսףıչֵ쾡¡
ܶ¶ԵɫŮӵ񣬴һĨĽ
ǶˮͽĽսǣǳսǵŮĳƺšŷ紫
һ˭ŷһ£Щʵ
һۣʵȻܹ֪˵ĴݣɫЩŹ֣ԼʦܣŮ˵Ȥǲе̫ˡ
뵽ŷôŮˣҲȻˡ
һȻǶˮʹ֮أƵһŮ˹ŷһۡ
ŷͷŮʼòȷʵ㹻ޣüϢҲѹֵĹսѡ񶫷ˮΪԼĽᷢӡ
ڶŮǻҲŮˡ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣԻòΪսǵĵڶŮҲһ㶼⡣
˭ŷٴʵ
ЦŴǻͽܣҲǾˣһǧǰΪ˻ĵӣòίʵĽҪƯֻǲ֪Ϊʲôһʱ䣬δڷ֮س֡
˵Щɻ
Ŷšŷ絭Ļشû뵽ŮȻŷЩ⡣
һ£ŷӦŷʦͽͨ԰ŷ񣬳ɫ
̲סŷһĴָȻڰĴʦܣȵƽ֮һҪô׷Ůӣҵڣǵһء
ϴСŷгһ仰»ߵ֮У˹Ź֡Լʦ֣ޱߣʵôǿ󣬶ҳӢޱȣȻûŮˣֱ̫аˡ
ȿȣǸʦûн̹»졣
ŷȻֱӱһָ黹Ҫ˽̣ոһ㶮µʱ򣬱ƭԯĳǣȻ֮Լ
˵ʲôȻŷ˵ĴЩʵˣɫ֮дһĨɻ
ȿȣСӼңʲôʣһʵšϽ˵¹ŷ罫Լղ˵Ļ˵
Ҫץĳ嶯Сӣ˵Լ
ܵΧǹŹֵɴ۾ɫͨ죬һҪһطȥʶղ˵ûдҲ˵˵СӣΧ˶ˡ
һĳ嶯￴죬Ҫᱼ
ԼӢȫٵˡ
һ²ؼӣεֲ
ǸĽһ£Ȼ̲ס¶һĨЦݣ˹Ц˵λǰá
Ľһߣʵ˵ǰȴܹܵµϣ̲סľ
ף˵ʵԶԶԽԼǼµǿߣܿ˶ǸĴڣȻ˿˵ܿ


1823 ̫徻
ͷЦ˵ĽݵѺãû뵽һξȻĽݵѳΪӭĳǰһεӰ
ʦʦ飬ʦȻӣ֪λǰγƺĿŷͰ»ߣĽʵ
»߿ģ˵Լ֡
ŷоһҲ˵磬ܵܡָָŷһ䡣
ԭλǰĽսеĵڶӡĽ΢Ц˵Ӻţ󷽷̲סǰһ
ҲսǵŮЦһ䡣
ɫ΢΢һ죬ĽȻ֪ԼĴŮĵĳƺţƽʱû˸޼ɵ˵ء
һۣƽһ˵ǰͻῪЦʲôŮŮģ֮ˣӦòƤࡣ
Ľݵ˵ĲܽˡͻȻһĽ˹֣һǳӣĽһ
̲ס˶ԼСѥǰЦĻҿɲ׼סˡ
ĽĻһϽ˵ҲЦˣҪȻ¶޽ͷǿɲһ¡
ɫһ壬ָӡ
ĽԼСӣ˵ʶࡣ
һʤߵ̬ùŷɫŹ֡һۣȻɨһĽŷһˡ
Ľ˵ü˸
ŷĽǳ֮߹ȥսǣתһǿػǳء
ŷһ£ȵķ֣ԼȻûнãһⱬסŷ
ܵĽתŷһȵӣ̲סЦ˵λǰ֪ܲսǣҪƻսǵĶһĴڡ
ɫ֮УһĨ⡣
Ȼսǵ״о
ƲƲ죬µһשͷ˷ɻңʱĽѾתͷȥǰûз֡
һĻһܹ²»ߵʵ
һ·ǰУһԺӡ
кܶϢȫǳǿ󣬶ӵۼսĴڡ
λǰ䷿ס°ɡĽЦſڣǽȥ
ɫ糣ŷҲνȴδŲӡ
̫࣬е㲻徻뿪˵֮дһĨԵ
ʵϣƽʱĻŷҲסһطЩȻۼսΪ൱㣬ͨţܹһһŮбһ¶
ˣֱѪʳŻ
˻ƣѬ졣ֲԸס棬ŷ磬۲֮Ҳסȥ̫ˡ
ǰֻһסĵطﻹҪ뿪ⲻܹģǶǿˡĽЩΪѵ˵
ҲǿˣǰˣһˣǸǰܱҪǿƣˮԸ׵ˡ
ҽǶӳȥӦúûϵɣ˵
ĻĽһ£ɫŹֵĵ˵ͷ
ֻǣҪ֪ȻۼսеٮٮߣԺӵУּǿߣʮ
ʮһ֣ûʲô˿Եסġ
Ǿͺá˵˽ȥ
ŷվ棬ûнȥĴ㡣һĻĽ̲ס˵λǰСλǰԿ
ɫ֮УһĨǡ
֮£Թŷ缸ˣкøеģһ㶼׶񣬲ЩһŹֵҪĽž͸оġ
İɣҴ粻Կġŷŵ˵
ЦʮΣҲܹסһ쾳ǰ»޵еˣԽǵϣһ㶼⡣
ĽɫأŲŹŷĻأ֮ͬУȻ޵УҲһһӲʮǿߡ
ĽݵѣȷʵõģʵǿЩ˻Сɵ˵֪ݵȻһ㶼ġ
˵ˣĽЩ棬һʲôӵȻ
ֻһ˵ţ˵ˣͲòˡȻϲЦΪˣĽȴһ㶼ɵġ
ȥΪԺѾ˺ǳһ̣Ľ۾ɴˣų˿ɰOͣǿʲô˵ĳһ
ʵϣĽҷģԼĴûп𾪵һĻ


1824 һ
Щǿۣƽʱ޼ɣһЩϹǰŻʱȴһ˳ֱˤ⡣
ûܹסһץȻΪۣҲһʵ̫ԭЩӵۼսǿߴŭǳҪǶʧˡ
ʮۣȫ˳
µĸ֣ʱҲסˣǲҽȥһཿĵŮӣսŷ磬һ紫ùŷ̲סӡ
λѣʲôǸĵŮ̲סʵ
ʮ۱棬ֳ̫ˡ
λϲ徻˺һԾͰЩӳˡŷʼ˵
ôǿʮۼսǸҲ̫ɣǰԵһ㣬Ҫܹһ㣬ϲǿˡŮ۾ˮģһɺӵĸо
ŷŹֵĿŮһۣȵ˵Ů
Ůɫһ죬˹ŷһۣû˵޳ܣ㾹Ȼַҡ
֪Ǵӵˣɨȫ֮⣬ûбİ취
֪ŷһҽɣҽѾﵽһĵزҪһǲǴŮʵ̫ˣ⿴һ۾ܹ
ŷҲףŮˣֱҡͷ˵ҲŲôˣзһ۱ܹ״̬Ϯ㣬ѵо
ŷĻǸŮһ£¶һĨЦݣ˵Բλѣˣ㲻Ҫ˼ҵ
һεεӣùŷ̲סһ
Ůˣʵ̫ˣ۹꣬еԲĸо
ȿȣǸǵİɣҪҪʶǸ˧磬ҿ԰ܡŷһȥ
ʶǸŮ̲סɴ۾
Ҵ硣ŷһЦ
ΣŮЩգԭԼʵˣȻǸ˵ĵܵܡһ£Ȼĸŷһ߹ȥˡ
ʦ㣬Ҫʲôȥһ˵ŮӣʵȻҲﵽαľ磬һţסԼʦ㣬¶ĵɫ
ȥʶһ¸ˣİɣµġŮЦ˵ȻԼСʦãֱȥ
ŮˣЩµĿһۣЩ޴룬Եúܿܡ
ŷߵǰŮ¶һĨЦݣȻɨһˣŷ˵ǵˣûǵ˭ҪǽĻ³һҪǵʵ
ŷĻ˲һվ˳Źŷ˵ƾʲôǸȻδصסôֵ֡
ܲŷ絭ʵ
Цһαͬų۵սʱŹŷ磬ѱ
Ǹǿĵܵܣܺһǿһ㶼ɵŷ硣
Ǻǡ
ŷ絭һЦᵯָǸֱӷ˳ȥ͵סŷĹڱѪ嶼һˡ
˭ŷٴɨЩһۡ
ã˶ʵˡ
Ůӣŷ񣬴һĨȡֵܶܳǿƵ˼㣬𺳡
ˣԲͨˡ
űϣĽЩɵһ۽ֵϵЩǿߣЩͷۣǸô
ͲǹŷҪĵˣŮŷǵ֡
衣ǸĵŮ˵
ˮ硣˵ŮŻش˹ŷһۣɫ֮һĨη
ŷһЦȻһɫİ»ߣٺһЦ˵λҵĴǿߣҪǡ
˵ŷһ¡
ʲôżʵ
ҪǣڻǵλȤĻҿΪǴһ¡ŷ罫Ļ˵˳һ
žϣ¶һĨΣȻЩܻĶŹŷ磬ŭ㲻Ҫ˵
ʲô˵ŷɴ۾һӡ
˵˵ʲôҪλǰ»ǻƨһֱסˡ
ղŰޱȣڣȴһСˣɬޱȣŤֻһ˫۾ȻɨŮˣŷһ⶯
ŷаЦдеֻͨҪǺŮйϵͻ޴룬û뵽Ϊ쾳ǿߵİ»ߣȻҲⷽë
Ҳһ̲סЦ
²УǽЩ⣬ϹȻĻ޷ǽýϡЩȻ˵
ˡŷЦ


1825 ·
ǣ칦»ͻȻһһ£˵һ仰
칦֣ôеˡŷ翴Ůһۣûзʲô˵ĵط
磬칦ʲôŷ̲סʵ
˻ĴУǸ϶Ǹʱܹ֮ȼˣָѾӽʦǸǿˡ˵
Ǹ˵һʦ˵һ̲ס
ͷȻ̾Ϣһ˵û뵽ǸһѾΪһʼˡ
ʶŷ籾Ϊ»ֻ˵Էû뵽ʶԷ
˵ͷ˵йһսйһܡ
˵棬ȴ̲סһЦ˳ŷ缸ȫĿ˹ȥ֪Цʲô
λѣҷĺĬЦĿⶼעӵԼϣҲ£Цӯӯ˵һЦӡ
΢΢üͷ˵ҲϲЦ˻ʱһֱùˣһ﷢ˣרо䣬һϣõ˴ɾͣΪ˶һʦ˵д𣿡
̲סվ֪˻𣬲֣Ȼ˻һʱˣΪǿߣǵһЩϢǻᱻģ֪ôһˡ
Ƕ˻֣ȴ˭ܹ֪ģȻǵɵУҲֻдﵽۼսܹ֪
һֻˣһһʦáϢӦֻһ֪Ŷԡ
죬ѵһʱǿߣ趢һ𾪵ģ
ֵܣҸ˹ŷһۣɫ̾
죬ǿߣҪĴۣռϣͷǳˣЩ壬ˡһڿˮ
ȫռˡŷԼıӣ治Щжôռֻǧʱ䣬ռһС
ʦҺɵĵ伮Уһˣֻһʱս죬ˣǰ»սʵĴӡˮ˼³һ֣֮г˾ȡ
伮мص޵лߣȻˣ䡣һսǿߣֲøղǿƣǿߣУҲû˿֮
꣬û뵽ʶҡ쳣װƵ˵˫֣۾֮УŲɣ
֪Ҵ˰ɣѡ񣬲ȻĻֻɱˡŷͻȻ˵
ˮ类һɫÿǱŵáû뵽ŷͻȻ˵ʲôɱڡ
ߣûһϹǿ϶ԣǰ˭һ޵еĻߣһս˵ʵȻӳȥġ
ʲôѡ񣿡ŵʵ
ˮҲһЩԹԼʦ㣬Ӻˣ뻢ˣ鷳ˡ
ȴЩŹֵĿ˹ŷһۣڹŷΪˣЩ˽⣬һԲˡ
Ȼ˽ͱŷнύ˵Ĵ㣬Ȼʲôɱڡ
һѡɩӣͬʱ޸Ҵ硣ŷ翴˰»һۣͻȻЦ˵

˾ȻɫѸٺǿ˰»һۣ֪˵ʲôû˵ͬĻȻҲû˵ͬ⣬ں˵ˣұ졣쳣˹ŷһۣһﲻҪЦ
ûпЦǳ棬Ҿλѣʦֺ䡣ŷЦ˵ֻɫ档
»üͷŷ֮ЩΣһʦܣҲûޣҪǹŷ绹Լл֮Ҳܽѵŷ磬쳣ơ
ڶѡءȻɬһЩڴУǴʱǿʵԼᱡ֮ˡ
ȷѡһŷüͷԵЩˡ
Ҫŷһţһ̫ˡ
Ҫģʹϲ»ǰģҪһĻҲҪúÿǵģһҺʦһⲻʡ΢ƽһ㣬ŷ͡
֪ŷΪˣҲ˵̫ǿӲ
ڶ·ʦãȺ޸ʦ֣޸ʦ֣ʦޣѡɡŷĽ˵̲꣬סɴ۾
ŷЩ˵У֣Ǿ޳ܡ
˿⣬ͶˣһǱһӡ
ʵ̲סˣһŽŷ˹ȥȻǸ˵λҪϹ˵һϲЦʲôɱڣǺġ


1826 
֪¶һĨЦݡ
ŷһ£ڶԼ
¶һĨЦݣ˵֪»ߵͷ֮Ǿ֪ǿЦģ»ߵĵܵܣҿʦܰɣ۹ŷ磬˵ɲһˡ
ŷЩȣԼô
ɫŹ֣Цû˵ǹŷ翴һۣʱˣνĲˣ뻹бĺ塣
ô£ŷѯʡ
Ծۣһˣһ⣬ëѪÿŮһɫ˵

ŷֱվ˭̰ԼȻ˵Լŭһ˫ӿðˡ
˭˵ģҪɵܻӵҲˡŷŭ죬ɱȻˣҪߡ
ȻںҲ̫ˡ
ɫΰ£ɢһɱϢ
ʵҵǾãλ˵Ĳһ˵ɫҲǴ˹ŷһۣͻȻ̲סЦЦ˵
ŷһ˹ȥƵ˵ϴУûʸ˵ҡ

һ죬ɳȥǹŷ磬ɫ쳣ƽЦе˵㲻ҵĶ֡
ŷڵϣﵽ˼㡣
һʦ֣Ҳùˡ
Ц֣¶ȵɫȻû뵽ƴĴڣȻΪ
ҲۼǿߣѵʲôԶΪ𣿡쵽˵ɫ˵һ䡣
һԶΪ仰ĺĳӣǵϡ𣬶˼һЩʲô
һ֮ôĳɾͣԸֲԶΪһǿԼԲܹߵһ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨɫ
ȻŷڵΪǿǱ̫ˣԿ϶ŷԻɳʶµǿߡ
ңһ᲻˼ġŷһɬӡ
һֻ£ֱӸڹŷϣ˹ȥ
ջԼ֣һȻı顣
Ŀɿڴʦֵܣദķʽء
λס°ɡ»߿ڣס¡
ȻܾΪа»һǿߣǲõκΣա
սУǾ԰ȫġʵֻҪ̫֣ҲǿΪò绨Ůӣ׳⡣
ۼս޷֤ǵİȫ
ΪǶۣɨ޶֣ˣȻֻ۳ʵҲκӡ
ֶۣξ
л
ǵлˮ»ߵ񣬸ǳ˳ݡŮס£ãŷҲ˹Ϣһ£Ȼ»һĴָŷ̲ס佱ʦ֣ǸˣɫĽˣǴˮ¥̨ȵ°ɣ
»ٴξƣŷһڵΪɵסԼʦֵһƣǱιȥĽ
ȿȣҳȥŷ˵꣬һ˳ȥ»ҡͷʧЦҲҵһ䣬סڵԼ״̬
Ȼˣǰ»ʵ״̬ʵδָ۷徳硣ʵϣǹŷʹõĲ㹻ˣ°»ߵʵ۾綼δָܹ
ŷ뿪սǣǶҪ嫣ǿƣÿ˶ǳҵκˣΪ֪Էĵʲô˭ҲСʿǲǿαװġ
֮أôĻۣǿʵ̫ˡ
ʵϣǿԱȷ֮ضֻ࣬ǶȥһսԲԵ˲ŵ㡣
һΰľ¥֮ǰŷЩ⣬棬ܵٵǿϢȫܿ¡
ۼǿߣȻۣʵȴ˸о¡
ŷЩ⣬߽˾¥ס
ſڵʱһɫĹĻһǶԹŷȴûκ谭
һĻվſڵǿߣڵĻʱ˽ȥܹôɽȥˣԲƽ
˾¥һ㣬ûˣŷû⣬ȥ
ڶҲһտҲ
ֱȥһֱ˵ʮ˲㣬Ƕ㣬ŷ߽֮һĿڹŷϣſֲѹ
ŷ絭һЦδκηӦȴһλ
Ҳǿﶼۼǿ۵Щ̸۵ĶŷҲ棬ʥκζصĵ˵һĺô


1827 
ŹŷЩǿջԼĿ⣬ϵѹҲʧˡ磬μӵֻۣҲҪܹסۼǿߵѹ
λѿڹŷһ˵ӿɫӨϸĻΪһŮӡ
ģһֵĸо
Կ϶һŮ˵Ļһһߵ
ŷͷɫ˵ǵһսǡ
ԭˣģѣ֪ôƺȻһЦŷѯʡ
ܶŷǵ񣬳˹졣
΢΢üͷŷҲֲԣĵӣһȡ̫ˡ
硣ĿڣԵЩ䲻ȡ
ŷĻ¶ȵɫһЩǿߣŹŷ磬䡣
磿һŻͷǿߣȻ۵ģȴûȫΣǿΪ֮ġ
ŷͷɨǸǿһۣû˵
˵ֵܷǳǿƣռһլԺˣҵҪʶһ£㵽ûд˵еôͷǿĶ˵
֮һɱ⣬ȻԼ˵ĶֻǼʶһô򵥡Ҳģǲ֪Ϊ˳ͷǿ߹ŷǵǿơ
ҲܡŷһԥûУֱӾܾ
ͷǿһ㶣ŷӦ¶һĨŹŷ磬˵û뵽˵еֵܣȻǵС֮һսң̫Цˣͽ
ΧЩۼǿߣҲ¶мɫǾǰ磬ʵ̫ûеˣ˶ܹΪǿߣ쳣
ŷ翴˶Էһۣſڣ˵ҪȥҴȥûйϵһúƽˡ
ҿǵСɣҺͶ񻢵һսһһͷͷߣͷ­Źŷ磬֮дų
ŷɨͷһۣ˵ٶĻС߸
˵ʲôͷߴŭվ
ظڶ顣ŷƲƲ졣
ǸͷǿЦ˵ˣǿޱȣڼʶˣҵȣҲܹӣְɣһս
񻢶Źŷ磬ɱȻ
Ҫ͹ŷһսֱնɱŷ硣
ŷޱ飬˵Ҹܵɱ⣬ȻĻҲ˵᲻гԻӵĳ嶯

񻢴ŭӵۼսһֱڼŷ˵ĻȻŭ
䡣
ϱµɱŷУɱȻһֱֻӻצŷ¡
˶һĻҪһ¡硱ս
ŷ絭һЦҲ֣ͬ˺ȻУȻһץס˻צһĻǳˣҪ֪ԷĹȥѣҪץס񻢵Ļצ̫ˣڳУֻмˣܹ
ǰǿߣȴˣ̲סȻ
ſҡ񻢴ŭŹŷ磬צ֮Ҫŷ𿪡˶޷ѡ
ŷ֣ȫצץסö񻢱ɫ
ϡ
һݣֱֱ䣬롣
ŷ翴ûֱӽеĻצ˳ȥ˶񻢵ϡǿһѪĽ
̲סҽУԴȻûбȴȫһƬղǸצ֮У̺ŹŷԴȫķ顣
ڲҽУŷȴ̲סҡͷ˵㲻ҪɣȻԲУԶֱۣҵһμɵˣ첲ˣлңҽ׷档
ŷĻܶһЩԾԾԵˣж˰ء򵥵ĽУǾͿԿŷȶǿ̫ˣܱ֮еκ˶Ҫǿ
󣬻һ˵ǿĴ磬ˣԲܵ
Сߣ𣿡ŷָͷߡ
ͷһ£ʵҲͺͶ񻢲࣬ڹŷоһҲȻ⡣
Ҵˣ۲ҪС˼ƽϡͷ߱еҪûнڲٶˣֱӵǸһηӡ
ڳ˶ۣͷ˵֮Уʱ˱ġ
ЩһĸϴԼ϶ͷ˰ӣǺܲмЩ˾ãԼͷߵǸλãԲ˵ĻҲ϶ġ
ŷͷߵ񣬵еͣ죬˲Żþá
ڳЩǿߣŷ粢⣬ʵվǲһģͷߵλ棬δıͷ߸á


1828 Ī
㲻ŷ絭˵
ŷĻͷһ¹ŷ֣Լɵˡһ̣ͷͻȻҽһŷ֣ķɳȥѣһըˡ
ͷ­֮У¶־ɫͷ߸оŹŷһʵ½㡣
ǴԴõİˣֻͷܹٴλص硣
⣬ӣȥΪĳͷŷ絭˵ŷĻǿߵɫˡ
Ƿ֣Լǵ͹˹ŷʵ֣ͷߵΪʵƾˡ
ͷ߼ѵȴʲô˵¥㡣
ڳۣŷ֮г˾ηһ޷ǿߣʵ̫ǿˡ
ȻҲųۣǺ͹ŷսȣ֮
λѺսһ˵ע⡣
һӣ˽һĨ͵Цݣùŷ羪ȵǣûͷųԼϢȥ̽ˣ˶һη
˰ˣֻΪ̫ˣԲԵҺǿŷ翴˶Էһۣƽ˵
ܹһֻȴûбҪȥͽᡣ
ۣЩααΪְ֮Ǹӵǿҡ
˽ܣԹеİȻκǿͷ
ѹǫˡӿڣ֪ŷǫ飬ڹŷߣһط£ǸϱˣǴʱϽΪ
ŷ۾һ䣬Ѳһ˰ɣ
ĪΪսǵĳˮĴӡӿڣ˵Լݡ
ԼУŷɫ䣬΢΢ͷ˵ˮǰĴӣȻǳˡ
һӰˡĪЦ
ŷû˵ǲǫ飬ŷ˵ҲֻܵһˡǸֵˣȫǳ֪һУĪʵ˹ŷĲ䲻ȣһ⡣
̽ҪʳԼ
ϾǿƵ˳֣սǲעǲء
ɽҰˣеõһУֵһֱɣû뵽Ȼﵽ̶ȣҲһֻԵɡŷ絭һЦڱһԡ
ΧЩĽߵһһǰݷʦǧڵĸ߶ȡǰһеõһǰ˵ĴУǿĵزиĽ
Īû˵ˣ˵λ۹ҪΪλġ
仰һ˵Щǿ߶һǸϽ˵Īǫˣʲô⾡ܿڣһ֪޲޲νĽ󣬵ǲҵˡ
ŷһĪϣǹǿģʵֻǿһ䣬Щȴųӣȡ
ɴ˿ɼˮ֮أ¶żǿʢơ
ĪҲûн飬ֱʵλѣǵΪʲôУ
һ仰һ˵˶סˣΪʲôУﵽ磬ѵĪɻ
ǶԼеĿģǳȷûһɻ󣬵Īӣȴܵ˼š
Ϊ˻ʱĻǳӣֻԼǿˣܹúõĻһǿ߿ڣһͷ񱪡ǿ쳣ȴ˵Ļ
ֻΪ˻ۼսҲǾˡ
Īͷǲû¶κϲɫ
Ϊɱ˶ҷ֣ÿһɱ֮ҶһĪĿУԽǿҵϣԽ˷ܣ˵ΪʲôӦΪ׷ɱ˵ĿжɡһͷѪħ̵ЦţɭȻĿɨڳǿߣòһ
ŷ翴ǸѪħһۣǺ⣬˶κΣաΪھͲŷ磬ԺǹŷĶ֣ûǱܹ׷Ϲŷ
ĪһЦκλû˵
վԼΪʲôŷ綼ĿˣЩɣ֪Ϊʮһ͵ĵһֽС˵ĶЩɧߣܹɣǵʵЩ۵Ŀģϡ档
ΪʲôĪĿⶢڹŷϡ
֪ŷĻش
Īһ㶣ڳ˶Щ㶡һ֪ԼΪʲôˣȻܹزڳɡ
ǹŷȻ˵֪ˣҲʡĪҲǿ˹ŷһ֮˵һ䣺Ѻѡ
ǰһǿ۵ǿߣԼΪȻ̫ˡڳˣȴûһŹŷĻġ


1829 
һǿûĿģʧǼɻ顣ŷ粻ûУֻǲԸ˵ѣܹᵽ
Ī΢΢̾һЩ˵עòˡ
û˵ܶ˶һ飬ĪԼʦ𶫷ˮи飬ǶˮȴǱ˵ӡ
˶ˮô꣬ȴҪͱŮ˽ϣ飬Ȼòˡ
ȻǸŮˣųսǵڶŮȴĪǵĶȻҲܱСӦ£뻹ΪǶˮҪġ
ΪӣĪܷԼʦΪˮİĽߣĪǲԸԼǵĶģֻܴӦȴġ
𰸾ԼУûбҪʱˣĲ֪ĻԼƣܹˡŷͻȻһЦ˵ĻɫŹ֡
Ǿãʵе̫ˣĪȻղסͣ쳣
žž
ƳԼϣĪŹŷ磬ЦһǺ㯡
񾭲
ŷĪһָȻվת뿪
ʯսУŷһԴĪġ
ĪҲһ£¶һĨЦݣŹŷ뿪ıӰ૵˵һȤļһ
뿪ŷһҪǼǸһһȷԼûһȭǸһĳ嶯
뵽Īˣŷ̲סһԼע⣬ڻҪȢŮˣȻһӣùŷĥһҪһĳ嶯
ãĪֱɳԵġ
ŷҪ֪Ī˵ԼһȤļһ϶̲סָıӣȫҶȤ
Լ˼ŷҲûע⵽ǰһն̤գ߷ɹ
ԡ
ŷһܵһĹԼ
ᵯָָһײһһ̣ɲıӣȻѡ
ִƱӵǸˣҲһѪ˳ָѪըһȫˡ
󵨡˺ǳ⣬һ̣һȺ˽ŷΧס
һȺŮӣٶڻ߾죬αʵȻﵽ۾磬ǶŹŷ磬к˸

ŷɫһзŭղֻһʱʧ񣬶ԷȻñֱӳǸȻŷ׻飬ȴһĻǹŷǿ󣬱ɡ
ĮʱһĵӣС

һ߾ŮӺǳ⣬ĿɭȻĶŹŷ磬˵֪ԼײʲôȻҰϽ־ܡ
ССߣҲ˵ŷǳ⣬ȶԷǿơ
Ļһ䣬ǸڵŮʵˣѪһը߾죬͵סŷϡ
㣬﷨ǰҰССۣΪԼ޵𣿡αǳ⣬Χ£Ҫŷ֡
ҰŮˣŷ˵
Ŀ䣬ָʥ˸ֱӽɳȥ
ӣŮӶˣҪ֪ۼսȻһͱɳȥǰˣһ֡
αŭ˫ӡֲ£ŷû
Գ棬ɢ
ŷЦʩչֱͨӱ
ⲻһֶϻִ꣬ͨŷ磬ͨʵԼѾһЩͨˡ
ֻƽʱսʱ򣬹ŷûжãĶǾУֻһֶϻ־ܹͨ˵֡
һԶɽɽ𢣬ѹŹŷĻƵɽӣ飬ȫѹ
αϽˣǸ̺ܵĿ·ѹǡ
ˣе˼һ𣬹ŷ绯ɽȫ顣һݣ֪Ǹνˣһµǿߣп쾳ĸ֡
ŷһֶһǵӡ
ڹ˵ϣһΣ߰ɡǸ˵ȻŷƽϡùŷЩ⣬ΪԷ֣ʱŷҲֻܺԼʦˡ
Ǹȥŷʼ磬ȴ˼ˣ֮УܹΪ쾳ֵĹˣҲֻˡ
ʯһʱתˣһֱǷˣҲ˵νĹˣʥ뵽ŷ̲ס¶һĨЦݡ
Եû뵽ﾹȻԼΣһǽʶ𣬵ڶһΣһ쾳ǿߵĳ֡
ϾǿߣǳֵĻŷֻб¶ˡ
ʱ»һŵƣҲعˡ


1830 ·
ݣŷҲЩ档
쾳ǿ˵㹻ӶˮӦǶˮĺ֮ˡˮĺѣӦܹչ˹ŷģΪˮϰķ˹ŷˣһʱĨɱŷ硣
ĺﶼûΪ㡣һϣĪڹŷɫЩȵ˵
ǰˣûʲôֵýģĪң֪ʲôҪ˵𣿡ŷ翴Īһۣʵ
Īҡͷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ҾѣԲһˣҪѽһѰˣûбʲôͷ
ŷɫŹ֣Լѣһ֪Լʵ֮󣬲֪᲻뷨
ҿǻǲҪѵĺáŷ絭˵
ŷĻĪЩȣ˹ŷһۣ̲סʵΪʲô
ŷû˵ܸĪעɲѡңĪŷҲûʲôøС
νӢϧӢŶΣٲᷢĪ֮䡣
Īŷиģһֵġ
ѼȻԸ˵Ǿˣǵʲôʱı뷨ĻǻǿԳΪѵġ˵֮Īת뿪
ȥıӰŷ絭һЦס߹ȥ
վס
ʮۼǿߣס˹ŷȥ·
ŷһ۾˳ӳȥЩˡһЦû뵽Щ˵ϢȻ⣬Щڼ̵ʱ֮ڣ˹
Ҫʲôŷɨһۣʵ
ŷĻЩǿЦɫдһĨ⣬ɱʮ㡣
û˻شŷ磬ǵ˼ԣҪͬʱŷ֡Щ˿Ըоǰ硱ȻҲǿ󣬵Ǻĸȣ˺ܶ࣬ûֽ޵еս
ʮۼս֣ŷ粻ǵĶ֡
Ҫɱңŷ¶һĨЦɫ
ǸδԼ֣ǰЩˣȻҪɱֱЦʮʿŷ绹С
ǲǿǹŷ̫ǿˡսܹâ͵еٮٮ㹻İգܶԷŷоԵʵֶΣѹЩˡ
ֳܲǶӣȻǰĶ֣ɱ㣬⡣һ߳ɫĮһͷʬʣѬ죬Χ˶űӡ
ŷһЦͻȻޱɵ˵һ䣺ʵǶˣұֳ
˻һվڹŷǰʮǿߣȫһ̲סһŷ֮У˾ɲ
ڴʱŷ綯ˣǹǵǸס˹ȥЦڲ¶£ŷɲӲƴʮۣʲôýġ
ãҪˣ׷Щǿ߱ɫȫ׷˹ȥ
ǿҪӽǸסʱ˶ͣס˽ŲŷЦӯӯſڣһǷӡ
ʱ˭Ҳҹȥ
ʲô飿һĮһӴƣʱЩˡ
ǶһۣܵϤϢǱˣǸ
ߡ
ʮǿߣȫת뿪һԥûСǲĶ֣޷֮ȣԭصĻֻбնɱ
֣Щǿ뿪ķЦһ
գһ㱻ΧסˡŷһԴϴûдڹ亹
ųȥ೤ʱ䣬ֳٶ˹ŷһЦ˵
ŷٺһЦû˵
һʱ䣬УҸղҪҵеǸȴûҵҪһˡ˵ɫ֮дһĨء
ŷͷҲһֻûиˮǿߣʵ̫ˣһһ춯ܹ֡
ֻǹŷû뵽Ȼ顣ȴûҵκ˵䡣
Ȼ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ڲʺϱ¶ʱŻĳ֡˵˾
ϾˮҲһ쾳ǿߣȻ㹻ţܹѹƶԷȴҲ
ּĴڣҪһˣʵ̫ˡʹͬΪ쾳ǿߣҲҵ
ŷͷʾԼ֪ˡ
һʱڣһָʵ̫ˡת߽סȴ
ŷһ£̲סЦҲֻǿߣŻ˵Լɡ
ǰ»ߵѵŷȻԸ⣬κʿ˵ǧѷĺûᡣ


1831 ʵ
һʱ䣬ûκ˽ӽ˶֪һ˲ǿ߰ռȻǿߣĶ֡
꣬ʮֱۣӱ˳ȥһ˼㣬ûһ㷴֮ǣһʱ䵱УвﲻʱĴһҽУһëȻĸо
˭Ҳ֪﷢ʲô飬ȴ˲²⣬Ǹ˽ǿߣϲĥˣʱӦĥء
Щ֪鱻ĥȴǱˣǹŷ𡣱ŷѵʵĺܿ죬ֻҲȣҲ֪νѵǶôˡ
ʱҪ˳ȫܵģΪ»߲˭ҪҪ˳ܵΪ˵ѵ
һҵ˼㡣
ãһ룬ĵǷǳģһЩϵ⣬̣Ϊķǳ졣
ԽԽͣԽԽСЩȻŷȴһЩͷŮˣϲ
һ£ŷ羭٩ǣ³ӲңᱻӱѵңΪǿߣľԲҳԡ
֮£ŷøǿһʱ䣬ʥ졣ΪΣͻƵĶδȥ
ʱĹŷ磬ǿ档һսŷģڼ̵ʱ֮ڣѹԷ
ʲôʱܹΪǸĴڣŷЩ˷ܵʵ
˹ŷһۣ̲סҡͷ˵쾳սﵽܹģҪʥ죬ﵽ˶壬Ȼʥղܹ쾳㻹кܳԶ·Ҫߡ
ŷĿɿڴΪԼսﵽǸ֮󣬾ܹΪ쾳ǿءڿν쾳ûеô򵥡
սĻﵽʥ죬ҲһЩС쾳ʥ֮󣬿һ쾳ǿۣҪʦ˲ɱҲҪ̤쾳С˹ŷһΪŷ
ǹŷδ뵽ģΪԼ츳һ㣬ܹ쾳ǿߣȴû뵽ԼôԶ·Ҫߡ
֪е뷨϶ԼУ㲻Ҫˣν쾳ǿߣǵ۷壬ͻƵˣһǷףŷ緢ʡ
ŷһݣ˼ˣ˵Լе̫Դˡе뷨˵ͷ˵֪ˡ
ʵϣΪߣܹƵۣǿߣ̤쾳Ǹһܹģһʱܹ˳ɹѾǲˣʵϡЩʱû˳Ϊ쾳ǿߣǸʱ򣬵ͻ𣬱ǿǿߡ
֮ǰŷ磬ȷʵе̫ڵ͹ǿߣҲԴʵߵһԼʵŷźѵʶ
ŷɫأĵ˵ͷѵӲпᡣŷʵڷ
̶̵һʱ䣬ŷѹ£Ȼʥ۷徳磬ٶȣ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪һĻߺʹۣҪͻƵĻһ磬԰ġˮ磬˿ƺۣʵԶԣǾԵϹ䶼ҡ
ȻˣҲǼܳģǿ֮Уһ
ʵҲ˲٣۷ĴڣʵѾҪߵˡ
ֻΪܹŸΪǿʵԳһ磬һѡ
һ죬һжŷڵϢԼ״̬Ϊ۷״̬ΪҪˡ
ŷɫأ۾֮к˸
ʵкףԼʦֵԭһսǣʵǷǳΣյġ
һЩ۲£򲻹ܹӣǶˮǸǿߣʹŷӵҲӳԷ׷ɱ
֮ǰǲòڣŷȴǵʮ㣬ڴһĵԴԼʵǿĸ޴ġ
ʦ֣ʱҪԵģ쾳ǿߡŷЩĵ˵
ΪˮѣǸĴڣԹŷЩġ
޷
ЦһĴݣһʱ䣬ԼҲڵ״̬ʱİ»ߣӵɲˡ
ˮಽ֪ŷҪʲôȴһ뿪Ĵ㶼ûС
У㺣Ȼһ˿Ѿϡ
Ҳûоܾ˸ţĬˡ


1832 ն
䡣
һ죬սǶ𶯣˶֪ʼ
ǿȫ˳ȥվ֮ϣǰһӶնԶ
Щ˶սǵǿߣ͵ĶߺʹǿߣҲɫ࣬һαǣһһӣĪ
ֻǴʱϣȥʲô˵ӣһԹúܶ˶˲չҪһָȡսǵڶŮȻ֣ʵ̫˼ˡ
ҪǻǣܹȢΪޣǶ뼤ķ
ΪŮӣòλǳߵˣǷǳټġȢ˻ڳΪ˶ˮһϹǿߵǺεٹ⣬֧Ǻˣû˸ǡ
Ҷˮǳǿƣ˭ǲˡ
ĸαĸα̧ŻΣ̲סզ࣬ҲֻǶˮǿߣǰɣȻααǿߣǱϾҲƽǸˣһĻ߾ҪǿˣڴʱֻΪʵ̫ˡ
ŷǳ֣ŻΣϴһĨЦҪ֡
Ǵʱȴס˹ŷ磬ҡҡͷ˵Ҫ֣ϱ档
ŷһ㶣Щɻ
ǿյģǸоӲҵˮǲʲô⣬ľٶϱ뻹ڱĵطǻصʱ򣬿϶֡о˸Ϊŷ
ԭŷһȻ˵ͷ
侲ŻΣһĨЦ
ʱĪǸܵŷĿ⣬ĿͶ˹ŷʱ΢΢һЦȻ˵ͷ
ܶ˼ΪĪԼͷء
ŷȴûԷɫƽһ鶼ûС
ѹָ׷󶫷ˮĪ˲áĪһۣͻȻ¶ݵɫ
ŷһ£֪ΪʲôҪ˵
ν쾳Ƕն䣬˵
쾳ȴԼնΪǸ磬ŷЩ㶣һ񾭲
Ҳ֪⣬ֻлûκκô϶˵ĪԲΪҪӵΪġ
ùŷӵĲˣȻΪΪΪʲôҪôǾӺܺ
֪ԭ򡣡ͻȻ¶Ȼɫ
˶Ŀ⼯ɫȴ˵ԭ
ˮһǳǿƵŮˣԼֵ߳ڶ쾳ǿߣһ涨ǽ쾳֮󣬱ʦͽϵҪԶ뿪սǣĪϲˮԸ뿪նԭ򡣡˴
գŷг֡
ĪһգΪԼ棬Ȼľٶùŷ̲ס̾
δܹһ㡣
Ҫ֪ŷҲһӣΪԼŮȴľٶ
νǸµľ磬նΪֲöˮ̫飬Ī˺
ⲻûԭһŮˣһˣҲǶˮܿݡ
һֿܣǾǹս̫ˣЩĪʲô޷սӰӣӶˮмȥ
ţƵĻԼ棬뵽ŷ羹Ȼһֵĸо
Щĳǿ߶˹ȥǳ󣬺ޱȣҲʲôӵˣܹ룬ߣҪǻߡ
ȻˣҲʣùŷ𾪡
ûмĻߺʹۣľ
ĵʵ̫ˣ˲֪٣ǳ֮Уûκܹѹǡŷסһ
ŷĻȴ̲סЦ˳ŷ紫ۣĺְܲȻС磬һʱǿҪĶ࣬ҶּΪµĵʣʱȻδȵ
ôܣѲ磬ûôǿߡŷҡͷ˵
ڴ֮ǰ֪֮ط𣿡ͻȻʵ
ŷһ£оһ̲ס˵ʦ֣˵֮УֻһǷ֮صĵط
Щϼһĵԣ飬ԣȻϾҲõô࣬磬еôԺﵽʱ򣬾ͻе顣


1833 ֵ
Ļŷ綼Ϳˣ˵ƺϾ˵ԼеôϾˣùŷЩ֪Ļʲô˼
ʦ֪ҸˣһϢս֮ϣһž޵ǿߣ࣬ȴӵſµǱڼ̤쾳һ·նɱ˺ܶǿˣȵ̤쾳ܹٵƣ赲ԷЦ˵
һԼǿߣŷЩ⣬֪Լһ֮Уĳɾߣûһˡ
ʲô֣ŷ̲סʵ
Ρ
³֣Ȼȵ˵ˣʦҲչţǸβֵܰɣɱ㻹Ҫǿơ
ŷɫһڣһ˹ȥȴ׵ĵסˡ
߳ŭˣԼֵܱԼʲôܹϵģİɣǱǳɳǸֵܲֻǿοŷ磬ΪŷΪԼֵܱԼԲŻ߳ŭġ
ʦ㲻֪ͲҪ˵Ҹסŷûĵһۣ˵
Ҳһ㶣֪ŷץԭˡɫΣһЩ˼ˣֲùŷҪأǸԼȴҪ˵ֵˣԼҲһ뷨
ȿȣʦҴˣʦܲҪ⣬ȿȣ֪߲ε˵
ŷûĵһۣû˵
ˮˣ̲ס͵ЦԭǿҲгܵʱ
ʦܣһǹ˵ģұΪֻһôǿû뵽㸸ױ㶼һ㶼һȫ治֪ôֵġ̲ס̾
ģզˡŷ粻ˬʲôôֵģѵʯͷĳ
뵽ŷ뵽ԼһʦòǴʯͷĳġ
һԼΣŷ·һѾ˳Уȥ
ŷ˵ǹȥ
ԵеȲĿԼŮˣ޸ˣŷȻԸ⣬Ҫһ㣬֮ˡ
ǰȥǿߣȻûôףǲĵŹŷǣɫ䡣
ɨһ֮ЩȫʵˣǻǱһ˵궼Ҫסˡ
ڶ쾳ǿߵѹЩ˸ͳܲס
أĪŴ򿪣һŮӳ֣ǱˣǻʱɫľȻһ鶼ûУĪһȥɫǳأûһ˵
˶Щڰϲ£һˣȫĲ鲻Ըһӣ˸оЩѹ֡
˶֪ĪϲǶˮȻ֪ϲ˭ȴûбֳԼϲĪ
˵˶ϲԷڣȴҪףߵһ
ܶ̾Ϣʵ̫ˣ콾ȴ䵽һ³ԵЩ
ŷ̲סһۣͷŷһ룬Ȼһ§ס֫һߡ
󵨣˸һ񡣡ǿ߱ɫǳŷ硣
£ˡһȺǿߣȫŷΧסˣɫȻŹŷ磬ɱ⡣
ڴ֮УŮӲһ¶ȵɫȻǸŵСһ
Ůӣһɫĳȹò£֬һ覣רŴƷһ㡣
ʶߵŮʵһɫ·ͷüëǻɫģĻ̲סЩȵʵ
֮ǰҳݵһСһû뵽Ȼ£ãѵСһȤ̲סЦ
Ļɫƽ˵νвȤܹסϵĻ棬ҾǼ޸Σ
զ࣬˹ŷһۣȻҡͷСûǸˣ˻õˣҿı֣ϲӦǻǸСһŶԣˮãѵûûˣĪ飬ͱ¦˰ɡ
ЦӯӯģȻûнŷϡϾˣ쾳ǿߣ֣ѹһС
һӵۼսСָɱ
ҵˮޱ飬ǿȴ³Ļ
ʲô
˾ȣû뵽˾ȻͶˮϵҲ˵Сǹսĺˡ
鷳ˣòôˡЦ˵
ˮҡͷ˵ֻеСС۶ѣԼԽս£˭С
üͷ΢΢һ壬ͻʶһۣԷеĵǡԼĺˣϣѵѾ׵Ķ
һֱϣˮ̤һ·ڿ뻹ȥ


1834 
ַŵĹ죬Ҳ˵пܻվĶ棬ΪצĻֲܿ
ӣǧܽ㶼ѽǧҪΪСɫأŶˮ
зִ硣ˮ³ĸ֡
ʺͱ˶һۣǶ֣ʱĶˮǰĮ̫ˡ̾Ϣһ·Ȼ쾳ǿߣҲ붼ɲԼˡ
磬ŷ类Χסȴһ㶼ģЦһھ÷Ů˴һ£ȻЦе˵ţôܹҼأѾз֮ˡ
ŷĻȫɵסˡ
з֮ĪɫŹ֡
ֲĪˣҲˣԭΪˣȴż޸Ī˲ء
ŷ磬ܸˣȻֻǼһεģһθļ䣬ʵ̫ˣŷİԵŷĶ飬ŷķɣЩһֱл䣬һһ顣
󣬻ﲻòϣȻֻһ棬ԼѾˡֻأѾע顣
ֻǣڸ֮󣬻ȴ¶ŵɫϽĪĪɫ࣬Ķ򣬻Ͻ˵ʦ֣㲻ҪᣬҺûйϵ߰ɡ
˿Цã˵͹ŷûйϵȴԼʦ֣Źŷ뿪Ǹ߶Է֮йϵҾԲ򵥡
ֻҪһˣ붼ŹŷߡĪһﻹսǣ㹻ȻԷһϹԷ
οŷ翴ֻǻ߻ߴ۷ӣˣȻĪɵˡ
Ȼֻǲʶŷ˵ĿʵһЩŷǿ߶֪һµǿߣս죬ɲ⡣
㲻ӦĪ˵
ɫһףɬĿŹŷ磬ʲôҲǸ㣬Ҫ𣿡
ᶼˣȻŷ֮еۣҲֻķݡ˵ʦ𣬹һĪͲǹŷܹԸˡ
Ȼ㣬ҲĿű˱ż޸һɵƵģӵŮˣ˭ҲܶȻĻӾ趼ʶŷ˱ȭͷ˵
Ҫ˵ˣϽ뿪ɣҵסʦ֡ż˵ߴŹŷ뿪
ĪʱȴͻȻڣ˵뿪ģңûйϵȴƻʦľһҪ
ĪĻһתضûУʵȷʵǳǿĴܹ
ǸɵʦȥɡŷͻȻŭ˵
֪ŷݣ󲻾Ļһ֮УˮɫƽδŷĻһ
ԣͬĻһûκθˡ
ȴ̲סզ࣬˶ˮһۣɫŹ֡Լʵǲ
رУÿ˶Լ棬ǾԵ𾴵ġ
Ǻǲǲ֪Ĺϵ̲סʵ
ˮҡͷ˵Ѿ֪ˡ
ͻ˾ȣ֪ͶˮĹϵȻĻȻˮ£ȷʵеǷȱǣΪϣЩӦˡ
뵽ˮ̬ȣҲЩȻǻǣվڹŷλ棬Ҳ
ˮûʲôӦҲ׵飬˵൱ʵġô£ǻǵһμȻҪúõĿһ
ĪɫֱӳɱȻŹŷ磬˵磬ұҪѵģȴ˵עɲѣˣȻ㣬ֻ㲻Ӧʦ𡣡
ôŷ絭Ц

Ī˵
ɱ죬ŷ߹һŷ磬µϢùŷɫ΢΢
ȵһȥŷ翴˻һۣȻָָ˵Ҵ磬ߣκ⡣
ô죿ﵣĵʵ
ΪŷĪĶ֣Էǳǡ
Ļŷ̲סЦһĪЦ˵Ҫңô׵ģϹеġ
ܵŷϵţͻȻ˺ܶࡣ֪ŷ粻һ³çˣȻ׼ġ
һֱŹŷ磬϶߹ŷսе˵ûκαҪˡ
뵽˵ͷ˹ȥ
ߵߣŷ¶һĨЦݣĪЦ˵һ飬Ҳ磬йŷ硣
ۡ
Īͫһ


1835 
ڳҲǶǾȣ֪һۣǿޱȣ֮ǰ۳ѲɹֱѹһУλΪۡ
նɱ˻âǲһɱ֮µϹֲŽ
˭Ҳû뵽羹ȻǸŷ磬˵еľۣѹָ졣
ǶˮĺˣĪǶˮͽܣ˾ȻΪУڳɫЩŹ֡
֪ᷢʲôӵ飬ˮӲֻǲ֪˭ˡ
ҿˮδػŷ磬֮Уˮն˹սѾȻĺˣҲδػں
ŷΣˣ˵ͬ飬Զ뻹һɣۣʱ򣬾ڴ漣
ۣŷ˵񣬴Ų²⣬֪յĽʲô
ǿԿ϶һûа
ʵϣۣۣŹλģʵǿ󣬺죬֮ͬУԵ޵С
ˣֻ֮ͬͬĴڣֳܹǿǾѹЩααΪۼǿߡ
ȻżҲ⣬٣¶Գһ
ۣеǿߡ
Ǿۡŷ絭һЦɨڳĵһۣܶ˸֮ܵеѹֱӱˡ
ȻۼսǿߣҲһۣԸǣҲۼǿߣĿ⾼Źŷ磬һս⡣
ʹΪۣҲӦ飬ң㻹Ǹ˵ĺˡ˵Īɫ䵽˼㡣
ӦúʼΪʦǸˣôûò𣿡ŷ翴Īһۣʵ
Īɫ䣬ŷķ̣޷κβ

³һ֣ɱȻȻʵʵ쵶ŷ£ããɱޱȣ˺Ǭ
ߡ
ŷһΣͬγһѳԵԵײһ𣬷ҵ춯
һЩʵˣǿѪֻССһ֣ನǾͳܲˣܵ˲˺
ʺȻ̫ǿˣԶԶԽһǿߣƣԳܡ
ȻһЩۼսǿߣҲ˳ȥ±
ۣ鴫㲻ҵĶ֡Ī˵дһǿš
ν쾳նصڵΪʵֶ쳣ˣսԶԶԽڵΪ
仰˵ģ㲻ҵĶ֣ʹ򲻹ҡŷŵ˵ɷĪ˿
˽ܣʱţսһ
ڳˣȫ񣬻ǽŵ˼㣬ϣŷܹʤȻԼ뿪
ҲףԼʦ𲻻鷢ģȻŷĻĪҪԵģȴǸµĶˮ
ŷûκλᡣ
УŷĪˡ
ǻ⣬ԷȥȻɲǼ뿪Էվ˶Էλ棬ǹŷǰȴһ˿ڣŽɫѪ
һν֣ŷˣĪȴ
һ㾪˳ɫ֮г˵ġ
ЩҲȣۡǾã龰ӦòĪĶ֣Ȼۣ۹λʱ̫ˣһǧ꣬ˣһ˴ڵͷȹŷĶࡣ
Թŷ·磬ҶΪȻûеһʱ䱻նɱǿŷѾǼ侪ˡ
İɣʦܲôװܵá
ʦܣ΢΢һ£ɴ۾Щ˵ǰ¡
Ļû˵֮е˶֪ŷʦһϹսʣһǶսʥʡ
Ƕսʥֻһӣʦ֣ӦϹսʵĵӡϹսʣ˹ŷ֮⣬ҲֻһӣǾǰ»ߡǸ޵еǿߣһսȻ䣬ȴŵĴڡ
΢΢˵ͷĿˡ
ʱ򣬻ȫƽˡ»ߣϹУ޵еĴڣŷ粻κ⣬Ȼˮ֣Ҳһ
ֻﲻ֪ǣ治ֹһˮлʺͱ쾳֡
ɱ
ŷٴγԷ
һ̣һĨʺɫѪĪͬλãŷնˡ
ˡŷЦս죬Ī뵽ʱΪԼܵĪ˺ŷоͲޣҪԼʵ֤ԼĪǿ


1836 Īͻ
ڹŷĪʱ򣬻¶һĨϲɫһĻ˿УжʱȻˮŮӣϲŷ硣
ĪɫƽĿȣŹŷ磬һӿǴӿûǺӡ
֮£һѹȥضڲҪһ
⻹֮꣬Уһճ֣̫ˣˮںϣԵ쳣¡
ŷһ𣬲ҵХһ˫ֽӡֻظ֣
ֻصס˴󺣣ס̫𣬵ȻˣŷҲܵµĸ¡Ī֮дһĨأԷ̫𣬾Ȼ㹻в
ⲻһ̫Ī־Իۼǿߡ
սﵽŷĴڣĻܿ⡣
𡣡
ŷһʮ顣
ܶʵˣѣһըԭءĺһɱֱն䣬ĪһѪۡ
Īüͷһ壬ݻ£˫Уⲻһ̫Ǻ̫ǣʼĴڣأֻһ̫Ǻ̫ǣǳǿޱȣܹ쾳ǿսųƲࡣ
ֻǺսǳˡݻǳԿԿ
˫Уѹ½㣬µɱ֮ŷ¡
Ųԣ˫ѹĲͣĺˣ棬һѪۣһ顣
Ǽѵһսŷ絽ջǳסˣתǬһ˫ȭͷͣغս˫Ǻ顣
˳Īǰһֻ䣬ֱӽĪն
Ѫ䣬һսң˵ǸտʼпᵽزѪʩչ˿µͨսʧɫ޹⡣
䡣
ĪԪЯ뿪Ȼ޸ŷɱһ˫ֽӡͷ֮һʵѹ¡
ŷЦͷųԼĵ
еԼУȻһȭ
䡣
ʮԾ¶ɫŷĲԼǽԼΪ죬̬̫ԵˣȻǣûİ
ɹˣԼӰѹʮȻĪĵ˺ѣһ㽫ɱ
ȻˣĪҲشˣ˳ȥԪ֮гһƣһˡ
ŷջԼӰȻ˻ȥҪѹԷ
ҪӽĪʱ򣬹ŷһһΣյĸоԥ˲
һ̣һֻ£ȫĨƽ
Ī߳ͷųµϢ˺Ȼ쾳ֻڵ״̬ܲȶֻܹӳ쾳ʵ
Ƕһ˵쾳ǿߣһʵѹǼʮˣοʵ쾳ּĴڣֲ̫ˡ
ŷɫأĪûкˡ
˵Ҫɱ㣬ҪĪ˵Źŷ磬֮ɱ
֪ŷ֮Īûдùŷš
֮£쾳նΣΪԼжǿսŷЦŶ֣η壬һ˫ӱ䣬սѱ
ɱ㹻
Īޱ顣
֮Уλ쾳Ůӣɫ졣
̲ס̾ǸŷĿ˵žޣҼκ콾ҪǿҪǣȻһǧͷ죬ˮãҲ֪ôģһܳԸˣɱ𣿡
Сһǳɳעǹսһ޵УˮãǧҪһʱᣬСһﱻɱҲ˵ͬȰ⡣
˵Ļˮɫ䣬δ˵ûиһ
ûʺͱһ˵սˮûʲô仯ˣĳ׶
ǲ뿴Ľʵ˲Ǵף֮Խ֮أȫΪչ˶ˮǹսİţȴûи߶ˮ
䡣
ֱżʱ򣬶ˮ˵ĸ֡
ȴ룬ǹŷΣյʱǾҪ֣ŷ
ŷı֣кףܳһ󱲣սԲ᲻עģ˵صģıɱĪҪˮҪ꼰ʱ֮ûа취ˡ
⣬ŷɫأǲû
޷սȫʢʱڵ쾳ǿߣǶԷֻʵҪһ¡ʵڲеĻ
һ챦Խʵһµĵز

Ī˵һָһǳ֣̫ɢĳȵȻۼǿ߶ܲס


1837 ޷ѹ
ʱĪǿµģʵǿᣬѹһС
쾳ǿߣȫһŷǳתһƬ棬Ȼ̫ǰС

ĪЦ
û˸̫ǿ£һƾ춯ءŷ绯϶ҪըԼǲ䣬ҲҪشʧȥս
ܶ˾ãŷҪˣһԴľ
ף
ȵ˵һڳ֮Уֻ˹ŷĿġ
ȻһĪɫԼ̫֮ϵжˡ
𡣡
ŷǸ֮У̫Ǽ𣬹ŷ绯ζĪ
棬ȱ̫ǣ˲̫ǣһ̫֮ǣͲǰ̫ǣĪЩʵ
Ը㲻ܹҾ̫ǡŷ絭˵ֶһĨ΢Ц˵ǲмǷ̡
ĪһһУм·硣ֻڼ˵ϣ·
һսһŷ硣ˣ޷̵Ĵڡ
ʶһ㣬еɱŨˡ
䡣
ǳĪϣ̫̫ͬУƶ¡¡ŷѹ¡
ŷȻȻ֡
ƣ֮۳콣һѹȥ
âһײ
ﱻ޾Ĺâûŷ˳ȥɫΪ˽ɫѪڣ⾧Өһ˲ȳһֶϻꡣ
𡣡
𡣡
𡣡
һ˲ȳֿµͨȫĪϡ
һüըͷ­ˣڹѣȴûȫѿԪ֮Уӿ˲޸Щơ
˶ܹоĪˡ
Ȼ̤ϹǸУ쾳Ȼŷˣ˵ӶңԡѪȻܾˡ
䡣
Īһ仰˵иѳһŷɱȥ
˫̲סĪĳޱȣնɱ˲ֹһۼǿߡ
ŷüķ⣬罣նŻʵǬնˣ罣˫ײһ
䡣
ﱻֹâûŷ絹ˣ罣ըȻĪ˫ŷԵĲУĶ֡
ֻһŷüķ⣬罣ۣȻٴն˳ȥ
ͨķ졣̲סһͨ޵Ŀܣʹ飬Ҳܹ޸ֻһ㲻ãûгɳ֮ǰʵ̫ˡ
ǣһַɣͬ޵С
ŷ罣ȻɳΪʱ̫̣Ī˫ϧγɣһײ֮£ͱ˫ˡ
ǹŷνǶ罣ĴһŴΣŴײ˾ŴΣ罣ŵס˫
ŷ罣£ʮܽ˫ס
Ī⣬˫ֽӡһִգֱѹ
ŷ糤ХΪһлһѴ󹭣乭ա
ݡ
һɫļ𣬴ִͬɽԱǺӡ
ʱײŷɳȥĪסˣ»γɫˣ쾳ȻֻսҲԶԶԽۣھȻ޷ѹƹŷ磬ŭ
ҶѾ˵ˣҪңûôסŷĶŶԷ
սȻʵսһ˶ۣ˵Ѿ˾η
ŷ̫ˣ֮ͬУĪ쾳ĪȻ޷ѹƹŷ磬Щ⡣
۾һУȻԼ뻹СԼʦܡ
㲻ʼĶ֣ȻҵĶ֣ǹżһעѹ㡣ŷ˵
ƨ
ĪͻȻŭ۾ˣɭȻĶŹŷ磬ɱ⡣
Ǻǣ߳ŭȻˣҲ޷κҡŷ絭˵ʱĪŭˣƽˡ
ְɣ㽫ܣ뿪ĵطŷ翴˴֮һۣ֪ˮС
̲סһЦȻŷеԹ̾˵øҵСһ
͵ĹսһҺ͵Ĺսһǿƣʲôӵĵ֣šҲ̲סޡ
ˮתһۣû˵Ƕˮȴվ
磬˵սڼŷʵ·ģʯһ㣬޷׻ĪҪ˵ŷ磬ҲҪŷˡ
ʱ˭޷ռԷıˡ


1838 صȥ
ŷ̫սˣ޾ѪƴȻĪŶˮɨ£ȴҲŷ硣
ɳΪۣȴжˮԭ򡣲ǹŷ磬ֱѹһУΪۡ
ڼ䣬ҲӰŷֱӰ̫ˡ
ۡ
Īһڹŷϣİնˡ
ŷһ䣬һֻĪϣͬİӡ
̫̫졣Īʩչ̫̫֮֮ͨתںһγһֿµ
طȫûȻۼǿߣܶ۾ѪΪעֱӱˡ
˺Ȼһôӵƣ̫ڿˣΪʣǿ˲ӲǴʱֻǿһۣӱѿˡ
֪ŷҪܵǶôĿ¡һЩпֿµĹҲڵһʱûκ⡣
ǹ󣬹ŷûܵκ˺
ڹȥδҲһ˲ҡŷЦ˵һתʱĳϣȥ
˺Ȼһʲôӵı֣Ȼ˿ٵȥ
á
Īɫ䣬ܵһΣС
ŷǻصȥҪɱȥСʱĪǿ˵˹ŷĿġ
ܶ˺ȻԽʱ䳤ӣصȥɱԷСֺεǣҪʱƿصһµľ磬ܹ
Ҫɱңûôףأ죬ࡣĪ˵һ̣ǳԽһƬأ档
΢΢Щȣ˵һҲǲˣҲǻʱ򣬲ܹʩչĳ̶ȡ
Ҳ˵ڻʱ򣬱쾳Īһ㶼⣬Ͼ»ǿߣֻ֮¡
ǲ
ȻˣĪҲڱ飬ڿѪⰵŷڹȥȥɱˣǣһĪʧȥ˸ʵǿֱӾͷϵˡ
ȻˣȻܵµش
ʵϣִڣȻֻǻɱȥĻɱ
ŷع飬Ī֣ҪնԷײĪѪɫѿΪ쾳ǿ֮ȻҪսˣĪ˵һֳ衣
Ҳʰ쳤ХȻı䲻սܵĽŷǿѹմֻʣһԪ
˶𾪣ŷֱˣĪزնɱʵϣֻһԪĪҪָҪʱ̫ˡ
ңһսܣĪ˵һξ޴Ĵ϶ǰ̬ˡĪ㹻ǿ߳һʧܵӰŷܡ
ȻֿܲΪŷҲڳɳٶȺܿ죬ԲĪ
ߡŷ翴˴һۣȻҪĪ뿪
˶ĿɿڴһǿƣȻҪˡȻ˶ǶˮǶˮһֱڣδ֣ȻˣǺ⡣
ڹŷҪĪԪ뿪ˮһ֡
ȻŷĻ䣬һŮӳ֣ǱˣǶˮֵʱ򣬼˶һ򶫷ˮ֮г˾η
ˮֶǿƣ֮أԿԳ֮ΪһŮɷǡܶǹˣɱҶŵ֡
ʵϣЩˮŵˣ
ǰڳˣͽܣ㻹ҪҪŷŶˮϴһĨ޵Ц⡣
ɫˣû뵽ŷ羹ȻԶˮ˵
ﲻ֪ŷжԶˮԹΪ棬ǶԼЩȴһĮӵӣҪɱŷȻˬ
ҡˮ˵
ޱ飬һ˫Źŷ磬һѹ
ǲأŷ絭ʵ
һˣԷԽǿƣŷ練ľԽ۶Է˭

ˮ³һ֣˶з䡣ʳӣǶˮȴȫһȻҪնɱԼĺˡ
ܶ򶫷ˮڿһһҲֻзӣŻɡ
ɱɣھŷЦĸһ棬ĪԪ
ˮһ㶣¶һĨŭɫȻַ⣬ֱûһԥ
ǰȹŷ硣Լʦ֣ɫ䣬Ͻȡ
İɣʦаգŭҪйһ¡ҡҡͷûжֻ֣һ˫۾һֱڶˮϡ
ȻȻ˵Լ֣ǹŷĻ϶Թۣڵһʱ佫ŷ


1839 ̺һ
湻ݵġŷҡͷһԹͻȻʧˣȻѾ֪ˮ̬ˣûκԹˡ
ŷкڹһѪⶼڷ⣬ͷųһµ֮С
Ȼһ˳ȥµ𶯣Ĳ
䡣
Ǭڱ飬챦һ˳֣֮£ŷ翴òʱһĵһͬʱҲǺʥԺĴߡġ
޾֮ǰһʱ䱻ʱʱֻһǿߣ޵֣ȻһЩϹ쾳ǿߣȫ
ˮײ
һ죬ŷɳȥڱѪըһ̣Ԫգ帴ԭŷԥֱߡ
ʦֳʱˡ
ˮҲ˰벽Լ֣һƬʹĸо
ڳ˶ȻϹĪ̤磬ȫ޷Ͷˮȡ
ŷ߶һ챦ǿ߶ܹǾµĶȻֻǽˮִ˶ѡ
֮Ϲ⻪һˮŹŷ磬ͻȻֲɱ
ס֡
ɡ
ʺͱ֣ס˶ˮ
ˮãʲô鲻ǺģҪһɱءʿ˵˹ŷһۣ֮дһĨ졣
ȻԹŷܹסˮһιоȡ
챦Ȼ۵УȻܵס쾳ǿߡ
ǹŷȴˣȻҲжˮûȫֵԭ򣬵ǲôסˮһԹŷ԰ˡ
ɴҲӵףŷ粻ܳ£϶ֳӡǹսصһ󱲣ܳ£ٲڶˮг¡
ˮãһµѣ΢ѵһ¾ˣαɱءҲڡ
̺һû뵽̺һȻѪ̲סЩȵ˵
ɫ֮дһĨˡ
һ£üͷ˵˭ô֪ұ̺һ
˵еı̺ŻԪһʣһˣѾٵˣҴ棬ʱѣɵǱԺ֮Ȼ汲Ĵкͼ䣬֪Լ
֮Уܹ˵ˣ޼
ǸϼһﱻۣսڵսУҺûк̾뵽ֱͨ棬ᴩ֮䣬һɱǰ
ĺѣʿһʵ˶١Ϊԭ򣬺һս죬ҲûԪһ壬䵽ز
ۣɫɻ
󣬱ɫ䣬һ˫ɴˣȻЩָ˵㣬죬㲻𣿡
ǿǶ֪ͷһʱǿߣ򼶴ڵڣǾԶ
ʦܣ˵ϧĿ˱һۣȻ󿪿˵һҲֻʣһˣҼȻ֪ˣҲͲί͸Ұɣ۸㡣
ĻǿЩˮʱҲ̲סĿ࣬һ쾳ĸָԼһһƯľˣǰ˵ĿȻǱһ
ڳˣЩĿɿڴ
ȻһʱǿߣҲӦԴŶԡ
ģ۾ɴˣЩ١
̲סһЦҡͷ˵ƭһСѾͷ
ҴӦ˵
˵ӣһˡ˭Ҳû뵽ȻһǿޱȵıﾹȻӦһ˵׷ߣҪ֪֮ص֮һ
𣿡ʼȻҪһİ뿪Ͻһס
ûз裬㲻֪ݡ˵֪ԼһλԵ쾳ǿߣ̶ֳѾļˣǸпΪĴڣȻͬһ磬ǱҲҪġ
ĿɿڴûмӣħһЩͷ۵ԼԴ̲סʵ˭
һʱ޵Уǰ»սʴӡ˵ݡ
ʱʮǿߵˣǾǱӳȥˣǻڼƻڻ󣬲´Χɱǵ֮ǲһŻȥԼҪԸˣȻһֲĴڡ
»ߣ֮µҲǷǳϤǻ֮ϣһʱǿ֮һ˵ʵѾԺսˡһսţˣȻˣֿµսһ뻹̲סҪĲ


1840 ս
𾪣ԷȻݣѹֱҪ׷档̺һȻǿ󣬵Ҳǰ»ߵ׷ߡ
νʿ»˵ѣΪ»߶廳Բ˵ĳƺġ
Կ϶𣿡ʻе㻳ɡ
Ͼ»ߣսڵսУԹŷʵܹ
ȻԿ϶֮һģӡ󣬸ղǰ»׷ˡ˵һ㶼ɡ
Ҳֻа»ߣķɣҪð䣬ǲܵġ
һǲšҡͷʵš
ʵϣڳ𾪹󣬸ĶǲšڹŷͶˮЩ֮ĶԹһߣҪ֪ǣ˵ǲǵİ»ߡ
Ҫβܹţ˻һۣЩ˵ػɵѹָҳʣҲȷʵʸֻǿϧûָ㣬ûʡ
ǿɫŹ֣Ҫ֪ʣǷ֮УΪǿļ֮һܶ˽ԼռĿ꣬Ҫز
ǽգȴ˵ʵʱûڵĳɾ㲻ʲôġ
Ҳһŭ쾳ǿߣ˭ܹ˭ǿң»ȻǱϾһʱˣʱδؿԳۡ
뵽˵˭˵ȴκ˶ܹó汾µģҪҪݣҾͿԡ
ô򵥣һЦ
ŷվһߣ̲סһۣν˱ˣƴ˶סǿߣȴ˵ܶԷ򵥡֮Ĳ̫࣬ˡ

һŭȻҲ˶ԷӣûнУͬԼģ쾳ǿߣԷȻǿܹǿȥ΢ǿһ㣬ע⣬Աֲܡ
»ߣϸʱ޵УӦòͬʱ֡ˮͻȻڣɫĮ
ǹŷʼ棬ǲҲ㣬Ǿ޼ɵʹˡŶԷǿޱȣͬǿߣȴǺ⡣
żû뵽ԼãȻҪͰ»սˡڳУû˱˽»жôǿ󣬳˴˵еļϹ֮⣬һʱûκǿߣܹס»ߡ
޵еʼ棬Ҳһʿʱ棬ȴһѹûκ
ҾҪ֪һʱǿߣǶôǿ󣬽ܹԽ㡣ˮ˵ޱ飬ܵһֻǺܾ£ִģûһ覴á
̫ϵ궼һ㱻ѹҪԽң̫ϵĹɡ˵ֶ˵Ļ˳Ծ
Ҫ֪ڶˮĹ̫ϵĴУδޣѾӵпµʵˡܶ˾ãˮǽ̫˼㣬Լս»ߣܡȴû뵽»߾Ȼ̫֮䣬йһսһ̫ϡ
ڶˮ˵ԲһϢȻԼĴУ㣬δĶ֡
Լ·Ҳֻ̫һ˴ˣĶΪܣ޷󣬹սô̤·ĻĻû˵˶ڲ²⣬Ҫǹսô
ŷֱʳʦ֣Ҫô
ֱնɱ̫ϲʲôöĴУڳˣĵˡ˵֮гɱ⣬һȴԲĻ
޷𣿡ŷʵ
ȸһѡ»˵
ŷȴһɵ˵Ǿ̫ˡ
ΪôɣȻ׼ȫ˲ϣסǴҲֻаٷ֮һĳɹᣬǲ֪һߵʲôˡ˹ŷһۣ˵Ļһ
ٷ֮һĻᣬռôĲϣǧʱ䣬Ȼֻаٷ֮һĻ᣿һа׷δ߹ŷ磬֪Ļ϶ǵһʮ㡣
Ȼʦ϶ûи㡣˵
ŷȴڸ̣ԼʦҲǵģȻôҪһ㶼Լ
ˣҪϻˣȽѵŮˣȻǱ뿪˶ˮһۣ˵
ŷŻ˺Զ
»ǰ°ɣ̲סʵ
жˮǿѾٹˡȻ֪ݣȻڵġ
ģһʱ޵У˵˵ģʦֱеĸǿŷһ㶼ġ


1841 δ
ŷģȻˣŹŷ֣һĵӡϵǵδͰοȻҷɡ
ˮʣ
γһ򣬻쾳ǿߵսСԱ֤սನɢս𺦡
Ͼּǿߣʵ̫ˣһѪһ磬һϢնһء
ְɡ
ֶ趯ɾȴȳ֣ǿ߷緶޵еƣۡ
һʱǿߣ޵У˵˵ѣʣѾǰһˡ
ˮͻʶһۣǶԷ۾еĳء
ûκǫãһ֡
Ľ£ͨĻ棬ȼȸղĪ̫𶼸ӿ¡ǴĵĻ棬ܹ
䡣
һ𣬵ػֱɢʧ١
˼һˤ
˳Ծ̲ס¶Ȼɫǰ»ߵҲ̫ڿֲ˰ɣʵ졣
һ쾳֣ڷ֮صǿ֮һȻױˣһǲ˵Ŀϣǵȫˡ
ǿ
ڳ˵ĸоŷ磬ЦݣΪǿĴ𣿱еĸǿ
ŷŰ»ܹܶˮͻʣȴδ뵽»߾ȻɣһĶս
ˮɫĮ˫ֽӡǬȻȻƶµĹ⣬ɱ»ߡ
ᵯָ⣬˶ˮһۣˮһͣĵˣɫͨ죬Ѫڡ
ŷӶɳˣʵǲ֪ʲôԼ𺳡
ǿ̫ǿˣǿ
ֱ֣ʵ̫ˣŷһָоֻҪԸĻ˲Ĩɱˡ
Ƕ쾳ǿߣͶˮ֮Ĳ
Ҳʿڣϻӿ֮ĻԪأȻζûˡ
ػ£شһ쾳ǿߡһĻ涼飬ʧ֮䡣
һѪ˺ܶಽɫѿ
˲ڳ֣Ϊûа취ˣ»ߵʵ̫ˡ
˵㾪ΪΪʵ㹻ǿǵĻɱսıȻˣҲܹĨɱ쾳Ҳиֵ֮ġŶˮ
ôܹǿˮʵ
ž֮У¶һĨ
֣ʧ˵⣬㲻ӦңӦȥһˡ
Ļˮһ̱ףνһˣǹս
ʵϣսļʶʵ԰ʵ
ҲԸȥˮ˵
ҪʦǰǸˡĪԪڹŷǸٳԼʦǰԶ롣
ŷָһĪԪһ㳹ױ飬ŷ絭˵ûʲô飬ʵһ㡣
ĪȴһôûУŷܣ˹ŷС
ȻǶˮҪܣܹҡŷ硣
֮䣬վҪ˽ģ㲻ԸҲܱ⣬ʵ㲻Ӧʲô̫ϵĴУ飬ȴǳִţܹնսȴնִţʹ̫飬Ҳʲôɾͣն̫ϣļԣ׷Լͳѡ˵Ȱⶫˮ
ȻҲΪŷĹϵȻĻùܶԷôء
ʺͱһǹŹֵ򶫷ˮףԭǰı֣Ȼװġ
ǿЦãȻһ۶ˮŮ˾Ȼǵôʱ䡣
ĵ̾һˮ¶һĨЦΪ»ߣεôãöδû뵽Ȼ㿴ˡ
仰ȻǳˣڳȫĿɿڴ
һЦ˹ŷһۣ˵ʦܣ飬Ѿˣ߰ɡ
»Ҫ뿪ŷΪ˻ڻȻѾҵҶԷֹ뿪ȻûбҪ
߲ˡһһ
˶˵ȥǿ߳Ŀ䣬Źŷ˵͵͵ѾʥĹڸȥ
쾳ǿߣǰȻޱȣ͹ŷ磬֮к˸
ʲôˣŷüʵ
мˡ쾳ǿΣҲûмܹеġ


1842 ʥִ
ʥִߣһУǴĹ򣬾ҪܵͷǿưŷǵڿϵһۣȫûнǷС
ŷˣ̲סʵǶ𣿡
ڳǿҲһ뷨ŷͲ˵ˣʵûдﵽ쾳ЩִԹŷưһ˭ǰ»ߣղŵָѹƶˮͻʣҪ֪˵ʵԲЩִߡ
ߣִ߲һִ˵ִһ⣬ŷ
ССܣҲǰҰ۾һ䡣
ֱӳ֣סǵ⣬Ȼִߡ
ۡ
𾪵Уִ߱Ĩɱʲôûʣ¡
ˮǺȻŵĶǰ»ߵʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣȻǣҪִߣҪѺܴ
˵ԷĨɱˣʵ̫ˡ
Ŀܣ˭ģΪִߣüоЩ졣
ǹսġش
սǲǹŷʼ𣿵ԲǵˣԼһˣֻȻܣ˹ϵʵ˷ѽ⡣
»ߣЩ벻ͨҡͷˣȻǹսŵģͿ϶ƣǴ㽫Щȫɱģڿǲնǡ
»ߵĻܶЩʧ
ʵϣĺܶʿЩνִߣûһøСԼЩͿǰ磬ưˡ
»߻ɱЩܣһɡʿ׳ŵ˵
ûطһЩʲôˣޱȣһжһԣһųȥǰ磬ִ⡣
ԲģȻĨɱִߣҲֶΣЩǰ硣
û˵ǸЩΣȴûж˵
Ͼֲ֣ɣܲȻһٵҪǰһ޵еǿߣһˣҲǾԲκҪ󶼻Ӧ
һˣûһɵӣ֪鷳飬ǲġ
ʼһֱڰһЩ飬Ȼ֪ΪʲôкôǻǱЩܰɡŷ˵
˵ͷ˵Ȼˣ߰ɡ
ӳһ⣬Źŷǣ뿪һ̣ǳ統Сŷ磬оǰâһԼ֮С
ԣһûлȥءŷ翴һеĪ
ĪһۣᵯָĪ˳ȥȻ֮гһѷ죬ȻǷ֮ء
Ī˻ȥʵȻκβ
ڻص硣ŷһϤԪûڣﾹȻǻ磬ùŷЩ⡣
ʲôŷʵ
˴һءһХһǿ߳ɱ˹
ŷϽڣס֣ҡ
ᣬʱһ֣ŷ綼סЩҲҪˡԼ£ŷȻǰװʧ
סͨ˵
һֻһĨռͨǵǰͨеϢŷ綼ЩϤһ֮еϢһϢȻ֮еϢ
ͨ磬ŷ֪ģﻹͨ򣬾ǹŷû뵽ˡ
Ĵߣһϴܣ뵽һˡڡ
ǻ񡣡ŷ˵һ䡣
¶Ȼ˵ɫֻǸ˲Уһ磬ѹסͨ
ڣ֮УǿϢڳûлѹˣԲŻǿʱʱ
ЩǿߣҲ˹ǹŷһȺ֮һ£Ȼȫ¶ηɫºۡ
ŷӵĸף֮еĵۣȻҪ㹻ء
ɣû£ǷİɣԺùĶˡŷ翴һ֮˵
ǿЩ⣬Ȼ׹ŷʲô˼
ʦͻǰûκ𡣡ŷ絭˵
ŷĻЩ¶Ȼɫ۵ʦ֣һǿߣǽĿ
ǿԳƺΪ»ߡ˵
Щǿ߶ƺһᣬٴι˵ϡ
һΣıŵˡ»ߣսʵĴӣһʱ޵еȻˣǵǰ


1843 ȥι
»ߣƺ̫ˣвȻΪʣڰ»ߵǰҲʲô㲻ϣͬϡ
޵еˣһʱһܹһ
ң»ߵʦҲˣϹսʵͷһֱڣ̳˹ŷĵӣΪۡ
һȻᷢκ⣬˵ĸ
ˣ뿪ɣԺȻжҲҪǽ˵飬Ҳûá»߿ڣ˵Ļ
Щǿߣȴһ㶼ûбĸоʵʵġ
԰»ߵʵ޷鷳ȻҲС
ǡ
Щǿ뿪ͬʱϢ졣
»ֵʱ𾪵վһֱ֪ԼĸҪ»ߣȴû뵽ȻĳɹˣһŰ»ߣ˻硣
ǶҪȥˣԼǰȥ˵һҲˣǱˣ
ʵȻ˻죬ʱǿޱȣս죬ȻһĵʣҲ˿塣
˲Уظȥŷǵʱ򣬹ʱ¶ϲɫ
ףڻˡһ֪ԼȥʲôˣڿȻˡ
ֲ֮ʲô̶Ѩôزʦŷ翴˰»һۣЦ˵
ʦֱ»߰ȥ
֪԰»ߵݣֵһݡ
һۣȻͷ˵㽫ĳɾͣ
ĻʵϹڵΪͬڻ߾磬ս죬ǿޱȣȻܹۣҲԶˡ
ûйŷ羪ޣһԼϣӲӣҲûʲôö˵ģһЩ˵ı֣ȴǳˡ
ʱգɳֽһǿۡ
żһţȫ»߶̲סи̾
ʦҲûʲôģҿӦǻķһЩɣǻҽµģӦһЩá˵һָһûüġ
쵱ʱ𲻶Ȼá
ʵϣܹð»˼ŵĸ򣬾˲ãȻһ쾳ǿ˵ž޴ãܹǵʵοֻһߡ
ʵҴоޱȣλܵĴˣЩȵʵ
ʦйս𿪿ڣս֡
¶ȵɫ̲֮סͷ˵սеĴܣǴִ֮УԿѾԳһɣʦ
ʵϣΪսԼʦľѪ;Ѫں飬ӦܵԼʦĵӰǳ󣬵ڿսûսʵ·ǿһĵͬﵽսʵǸ硣
лǰ佱˵
ŷɫŹ֣ƺΪǰֳƺ»ΪǰϵҲҵġ
ֻʵʵ˵ҡͷ
ŷЩۣҪ䵽ʲôʱ򡣹ŷֱӲ죬˵ʦֱ֣Ǹȥݿһۡ
ȥɣطϼһڶĶҸ˵ֻҪ뿪ǿ϶ڵһʱͨһۡ
ŷȻϼһܹ˵ϼһĴڣԲƽ
û뵽㾹ȻˡһĮޱȡ
ǿֱӶԻǿߣоһǿ߹ˣҪд鷳綼һƽ١
Ҳû뵽һȺˣȻΪĴ󻼣Ҫ֪˵ĻӦǿߣǻɱκλᡣ˵
ŷ𾪣ˣȻǴһʱˡֲǿܹ֮ǿĵˡ
˼ȺһʱˣֻδΪЩˣǻɱ䵽ڵľ档
ˣйΪµĵˣҪΪԼǣҪԼ̫ˡԷЦ
һЦȻȻûǸͨСһ̣ԭأץһ첲
첲Ӹ죬˵ȥι
Ҳ̫ݳ˰ɣӶɳˡ
һ쾳ǿߵĸ첲ܹѪ⾫ܹһسɻʡ
ϧ飬ŷǿûְá
Ҵȥһ飬첲͸ɲ˷ѣιʵ̫ݳˡ
Ѫ⣬Ӧôһߡ
ţİɣҼˣҪҵĻһΪӼߵġ˵
˲ΪͨǱߵ˸о
ھҪһ¶ҪúÿǣһסˣĻᱻιġ


1844 ۵
ˡһͨһȵ
ƲƲ죬˵Ҳιˣ
ãǱֱӳĬʲô˵һµ˭ǡЩȻڼǺһεĴڣվһࡣ
ŷĿɿڴǸ˸ֱ֣϶ǲĴڣȴΪһ仰ʹ˲
һ˶סǿߣ̬̫ǿˡ
ΪʲôҪסеǿߣǲ𣿡ŷ̲סʵ
˹ŷһۣЦΪмкģ
򵥵һ仰ŷоˡ˵ͷû˵֮УӵжеǿߣԲҪס
һڵĳԱˡ
κ⣬ʦܣҪ뿪֮ˣͽˡ˹ŷһۣ˵ɫ֮дŹ
ǹŷȴãǧصѹԼϡ
֪ˡŷͷ
һ뿪ˣ
ʵϣǶЩĽܹߣָ㣬һҸ飬ʵͻͽ
ŷصݣһۣ˶𾪣ǻݵԽԽǿˣþ黶ϲ
ȴһЩеĵ壬ھʱľݣܹġ
ǶˣʱޱȣЯ֣ʼǾݣ磬ܹǵӰ
ʢһۣԽ̻ЩȻԸѧϰܿ죬֮УһȺ塣
оһ־ǿƵľˡ
ŵӣΪˣܹɾ͵ˣȫֱ֮ˣЩ˵ĳ֣磬һƬ
ʶʱľݣûгƻ壬Ϊŷ粻ʲô壬ڹŷ翴ģûǿսȻ֮ΪҲûκô
ǿսˣڵľݣ˿ԺǾ֮Ļ塣
һ棬ŷкףǿ
Ҳھ֮Уŷÿ۵ذħҲˣʵȻҲۼƾˡ
ۣ۵ڽݺ飬ȫ
һЩ콾ˣеǹŷͬʱˣеıȹŷ磬һЩЩֻһЩʱ䣬뿪
۵̫£Ǹ
ʵϣ𣬶һߣʵͼʶˣĲĺԶ޷졣
Щ콾̾ϢŹŷ񣬳˸ӡͬ棬Ǵʱŷ糬Խ̫ࡣ
ۣѹţЩϹ˭ܵСУǵ֮ǿߣͬ޵С
ں͹ŷûȣȻҲ˰зҪ׷Ϲŷ磬ʵ̫ˣԹŷ磬һСͬˣŷ糬Խ̫ࡣ
ܹŷֵˣֻذħĴڡҲսŷ磬۷徳磬ǿߣ־磬һ˿ȵġ
ܶ򣬸˵㵸
ŷһ۵һݻʵϣҲڽ̻
Լʵͬʱʵ󣬾ԵǶˣڹŷǵĲԶ
ǿڽ˵ǵľ糬Խۣǽĺôʹۼǿ߶Ҫ档
һϢ˹ŷǵ֮г˸ӡۣҪģ˵һ󣬱˺ˡ
ⲻܹ󼰵򣬵Ƕŷǳĺô
۵ʱ䣬˺ѹѹģһ߼ʣЩŴΪֱϡ
ҲһЩˣõĲ࣬ҲˣΪԼҪĶˡ
󣬹ŷϵϢһ䣬Ѫذħ˶˳ȥʥ죬ӿֲˡ
ҺùŷѹƣȻڳЩˣûмܹܵģҪһƬȻˣҲЩ˺ɳȥǿͬԻˣˡ
ŷһϼ籡Щûܵ˺ȫһ˲ת
ֶΣסˡ
ʱըһӰ£һ֡
ȻǵӰӹġ
ŷ绯һֻ֣Էץ˹ȥ
ϣҡǸ˾ŭϢͷųȻ쾳ǿߡֻǣûеôǿֻǱȵոͻƵĪǿһѡ


1845 ۼս
ҷӡŲʵְɡ˶𾪡
һӡŲʵǿߣȻǿӾΪϣ⵽ʲôˣ
ŷͷ̤նʥ죬սǿĲʱϢӿȻҪѹƶԷ
֮УЩ⣬Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿͻһΣеҪǿĶˡ
ȻֻһʵҲܹģסĻǻǰˣ½뿪Ǹǿ߿ڣŹŷ磬˵һɱ㡣
һ쾳ǿߵţŷǺǿ󣬵ȴСȻս࣬Ϊԭʵڹŷ֮ϵġ
ȻǿΪģȫûпŷеĲмӡ
䡣
ŷ֣ѣֻش½С

½ҽһֱӱ飬
һбɱ˶ɫ𺳣⻹ǸղŽǸǿ𣿾ȻɱȻǿ֪ǿ߱ӡ˾ųʵʣһ㣬Ҳ㹻ǿƣɨû⡣ǰ»˳֣ûʲôܹסġ
һˣסڹŷһ
ʦ֣һ˷ӡʵͲˡŷ翪ڣ˻硣
»жһĲʵϹŷȻ˵ͱžԵİջɱԷ
ҵ룬Щ˶벻ˡЦȻ󳹵ײ˵ˡ
ŷԽǿԽˣϾŷʦܣԽǿԽޣʦžӵĻԻ͡
۵Ⱥɢȥʱ˶ۣȫѾˡ
ŷɱһǿߣʼԼľ硣
ʱĹŷ磬ǱҪȫڼߵľ磬ʥ죬ŷսȱϵĶҪǿ󣬵Ƕڹŷ˵㣬ҪǸǿźɨʵԶҪǿĶࡣ
ҲûǿߣΪȷʵû˸ҿйŷȻǸǿߣҲҳ
˭Ҳûаսʤ»ߣ壬һСģҪս
磬ʢǿƣһ콾𣬽ͷԼǿǱܣš
һж͹ŷûйϵһУ˿ԶȥŷķͷǿޱȣλӲ
Ⱥ貣ҫǶ۾Щȫɳ˭˵СֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬עԻޱȡ
ʱҴҹȥЩǿȫһɳ죬ĺ档
Զԣǿڶ࣬ǲܹһ֦㣬һ壬ǿս£档
ǿսΪҲ˵·ϡ
ǣΪǿһˣȫھ֮ϡ
Ҫսۣ𾪣ͬһ쫷档
һǿߣһǧ꣬ѹסͬʱĺܶˣǵһ¡
ʱ䣬һˣ˴۾Ĵڣʵƾˡ
һ֣ͨǴʱȴ档
һСĴ磬ǿߣֻϹŴ֮Уͬһ㡣
ɵ޵УѹǿߣǸС磬¡
һսŲǱˣ¡
ȥһȻĴ󺺣ʱս졣
㲻ҵĶֻ֣Ҫһս㲻۵ãûʸһսȻ˵£·ϡ
Ļ̲סЦ˳
оһ˵ǲĶ֣˵ģ֣ҪսҸףҵҪ֪ж͡
ʵǿ󣬵ھеȴħ͹죬±Ƚϵ͵йϵ˶֪µʵԲ
Щһֱħ͹춼Ҫڷܣŷ̾˵½ĳɾͣᳬԽħ
Ҫ֪ǹŷӣǹŷȴ˵ĻݵĺĳԱûһ˸С¡
ЦһǺ⣬һֻ£춼𶯡һɹϢ˵˼㡣
ǣꡣкһ
ܵϢıʣȻǲϢ

󵭵˵ƸҪڵһʱɱ¡
䡣
֣ͬݻսһȭȭͷײһ
һ̣˳ȥѪĶ֡
Ȼۼս˵ҲĶ֣ұţڿҸ߹Լ²һǵѪ
һˣߵսģֻйŷ磬ǵһˣ˶δﵽȻҲһЩˣʵܽӽѾΪαα𣬵ǿģȴûһѹѹһУҪսŷ硣


1846 
󵭵һЦֶм˵߹Լ͹ңҼȻսۣܹȵġ
ɫ֮УһĨȻȻԼʵġ
ǲԴͷڳһܣʲôýģȻԴͷ֣ҲδҸ׵Ķ֣οССһܡһ߳ǹ졣
ɫм󣬴һĨ
˹֪СӹǱǿͷ˰ɣȻĸսʦ𡣡֣̲סҡͷɫꡣ
ҿģֻǺܿϧԶûа취ʦˡħһϢС
ǹŷһУΪܳĸˣʱȴһ֡Ƕ󣬴޴ѹ
ȻΪۼսǿߣˣһ㶼ҵܵ˵ʵһǳӽľ硣
֣Ȼδܹʤ
ĸӽۼǿߣʵǿһۣҲ˿塣
۾ô޳𣿲ңԼļҳ֣Ĳˡ̲סҡͷ˵
Ļ̲סЦ˳
󡣡
Ϊǡ
֪ơ
ǰ׳ա
һһ䣬˵ɫ࣬ŭ۵ĺˣѵֻˣƤ𣿡
ᶯءֳӽֱ䡣
ħҲ֣ǹգأ
һ̣ʩչֱͨӴһֶϻꡣ
ֻء
³֣Զսʩչֻأˡ
Ĵǿ֣߳߸ţǬȻ󶼱ɫſһס˵Ĺ
ǲ
ѿƣɫѿû뵽֣ȻܹѹԼת֣ͬҪ
ħһֶϻɱƣüѪԪڰ΢΢һ͡
һ̣ȫʩչһֶϻꡣ
ʮһֶϻ꣬ȫϣʵǿ󣬿ƿ£ǴʱȴˣԪ񶼲һ㱻
һսǿߣȻôɵıˣеǿߣе۲죬Ǵʱȴȫʧ
̫ǿˣŷĺ󱲣ǿߣҪǹŷԳʲôӵĽ
ҪսҸ׵ˣԳ֣Ҫǡȣ֮С
û˻ӦΪ̫ǿˡҾ֮Уۼսˣ
ǸԪͻȻԶȥ˳֣ҪסԪ񣬵ǶʧˣԪߡ
쵰һ䡣
ȴҡͷ˵õģѾȥˡ

˾ȣȻûиӦŷĳ֡
磬Ϊ״ﵽʲô磿ѵͬ˵һҪۼˣ̲סʵ
ҡͷ˵ԶأڴԼĵ˵ĶսȻǱϾԼģҪȥҪʺԼĵܹΪǿߡ
ԼĵǶԷе𾪡
ɲЩνߺϹŴ촫УǴһû߼ȥĵֵ̫ڼˣڸͲܴ
£ȴѾڿʼԼĵˣ̲ס̾
ʵϣΪһߵһģпߵһˣǱˣӦǹŶԡϾǹŷӣѪųƵӣӵʸ
˵ӵдȻ΢һ㣬ܲ׾ԺĳɾͣǶҪߡŷжϡ
ǲҵţԲ˵Ļǲλĵܵܵġҡͷһ㡣
ǫ飬ҲǳʵڣԼ츳˵ˣҪҪгɾͣҪȱ˸Ŭ
ȴ룬Ϊŷδ˵Ļ֪ŷȻʱ棬ȴ˵ǰչȥµĽĳɾͣ϶ᳬԽǡ
а˾ģԼһҪúı±ȥˡϾǶͬˣŷһͬʣȫڽ̵ҲЩ꣬ǵΪΪʲôôԭ
ʱĹŷ磬һԪһİط
طŷδһ硣
Уġŷһȥ
ģһߴޱȣΰ˼㣬֮Уһ˻ƽ貣ƽһ
ֱӶǸԪڲ˵ʦʧˡ
֪Ǹ񵭵Ŀڡ
ȣѵʦһֱעԼ£
ӣϵ۶һ֪ܲ𣿡񿪿ڣ˵Ļһ
ۣѵǸˣ


1847 ʯ
ȻΪԴͷҼϢ㾹Ȼܹоŷ̲ס̾
ǸƽΪ񣬻˹ɫȥȻһϢϣԵ쳣ˡ
ûκʥĸоֻɭɭĹо
Ϊκβ𣿡궢Źŷ磬һ˫µĹ⡣
ŷ絭һЦ˵ҼȻɱİգҲ㲻ǿߣûн쾳㲻ҵĶ֡
쾳֮޵УǹŷԼĶ塣
۹Ȼǣϧĸ߹ԼҲ͹ңܹ꣬ô򵥵ĻѾɱˡ국˵
¶һĨЦݣ뵽ʲôĵһ
һȻˣҲˡ꿴Ԫһۣһ仰û˵Ԫ飬
ܵһ˵ɱ˵ĸоĺܺء
̬
ŷ³֡
국һЦǸͲŷ
ҲҪˣɣҲġ꿴˹ŷһۣĵĿڡ
ǿƣһɵӣһ㶼δŷϡȻʵ㹻ǿ󣬲ȻĻֱֵġ
϶ޱȻԻ͵ĹȥȻûгΪ쾳ǿߣǴô£Ȼ֮УҲֻˡ
ѡ
ŷֱʩչһֶϻ꣬ڲϡ
һ˼üѿѪ̳ȻǺɫģʹһȻˡ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼܹ˺
Ҳ˰ŷЩ٩˵
ŷĻɫһûж˵һ˫ڹŷϣɱȻ
һֶϻ꣬ʩչĻôáЦſڡ
ϡ
һһɿµڹŷϡ
ŷоһµ˺Լ壬ҪԼֱӱһһֶϻ̫꣬Ϥˡ
ŷ级Ȼ⣬ҪסЧãΪǺһǿʩչġ
ǿ˹ŷ磬°ϰ룬ֱӱ˺ˡ
Ѫ˳ŷ¶𾪵ɫ
һ̣⣬һ𣬱Ͼﵽ˹ŷ磬˵ֻСơֻҪ֮ܵˣǶܹڵһʱ޸
ŵˣŷ̲סʵ
ֻжŽ˽ˣܹʩչһֶϻꡣҿԷʩչ֮Ϊǿߣܹġ
ǣˣʯ壬ҵĺʦҸ˳ԾӣֿҺСʦãҺޡгŭ⡣
ʯĵӣŷĿɿڴ꾹ȻͷǴȥ¶Ҫ𾪡
ϾŹ󣬶Ϊô꣬ˡ˭Ҳ벻ܹ֮ϵ
Ҳ꣬ʯĵӡ
ҲӦ֪ҲΪݣԲſһֱΪذɡ
϶ʲôˡŷЦ
ֻҪȢҵСʦãȻͬ⣬ΪʲôΪʲôʦü޸ˣȴ޸ҡŭ綼·Ҫһ
޾ĹϢۼһγһһǿߡ
ЩǴۺͻߣھľ硣
˵ЩҲûκôҾ㣬ҵ磬κҶȻ˵
̣УĹߺͿܣĲꡣ
ָЩ𣿡ŷɨЩһۣʵ
ղűˣΪ֪ԷĵϸȻôİ֣ҪҲǺ׵顣
Щʵȴ㹻ˣɱһţ϶ļνԼ촽Щ˵
ŷû˵ֱʩչֻأסеĻߡ
ұ
ЩܣĴ㣬ԿܵԱɱŷ硣ЩܣֻҪʱ䣬ܹ֪٣ʧˣҲûбҪġ
еĿܣȫԱŷ类УֱӱЩû
ԱȥʼĿܣʵ̫ˣȻΪۣҲܲסŷڵһʱըȻ󳹵ױû
ܵŷ״̬̲סЦɱ˹ŷ磬Ȼʧ˺ܶܣȴֵõġ
ʲôƨۣѡеļһȫǺ˵˵ҵСǵ⡣
ɱ˹ŷ磬õĺô
ڴʱһֻڲϣֱӽ顣ԪסѪѪ⣬Ҫ
ֻȴһץס˲Ԫ񣬼ƿС
˵̫ˡŷ֣ղųֵ
ɴ۾Щŵʵôûоŷ类ЩۺͻߵԱɱˣڶԷȴȻĳǰ͵Ϯ׽ѹ


1848 
һ壬һֵģʵǹŷķ
Դͷ˹ŷķδָصĹŷ硣Żᱻ͵ϮС
Ҳʰг˲ʡ
ŷЦط˸Ҫꡣ
һϹ£ֱӻв꣬ɢʲôûʣ¡
ʥˣŷ羪ȣ֮⡣
ʯ֣ǲ˵ͷɫЩӣ˵ϣû뵽ľȻΪôνĲ꣬ȻӦɱ
ɫ̾Ϣΰ
ŷû˵˼е飬Ҳûвء
ղսиУ֣Ա˽ʯԼԭ
ŷͷ۾һ̲סʵǶܹͶӰǸط𣿡
ѣǲܻսܼңǸ磬ͬǿ߳սǴĺ࣬ʼսԷǿΧܵˣһ㱻ɱԣǶ飬Ѿ޷˼ˡʯŷ˵
ŷ絹һǴսսȻҵز
һγ֣ҲٻǰĴ㣬һЩǿߣҪ뿪磬ֻһǿˡʯŷ˵鵭ˡ
ֻʣԼһˣҲ˵Ҫٻڷ֮صЩǿߡ
һǿأŷʡ
ǲ뿪׾ѣԣʣµ񣬾ͽˣһ˺ǿߣпܣһ仰ʯ˵ķǳԥ
ŷĿɿڴֱӰ֣û⣬Ƕ߰ɡ
ģʯ循ȡ
ΪԼ˵Ϣŷšȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ȼ㹻İһ
һЦŷ˵ûĴӮûս𣿷İɣǻĻԿˡ
ŷĻʯЩҲȷʵ̫Ϊѹŷˣֱ˵ûиһ·
ʮľ
ûа취ҲǸͻȻǵסˣֻģһӡסͨһʱģʱҪԵģֻһˡʯ尲ο
㻹ɱءŷɫڡ
ʯ΢΢һ㶣֪ŷʲô˼
ˣɣʱ򣬲вһ⣬ΪʲôҪڵʵԴ飬ǰǸʲôսŷЩɻԼµԭ
ˣ֮УܹסˣҲǹģ˵û⡣ᵽΣʯɫ֮оȻ¶һĨ̾
ˣŷ˵ֶȴĴڡ
ʯ˼ֶȻĴڣҷǳҪùŷЩ˼飬֪ǿߣ޵ķʸ˵֣϶ԭġ
һˣ鲻ǳʧȥˣҲܱһռǵõˣǱʧȥ˸һᶼûˣԲҪʯ˵
ȻŷڻǺףǴӶԷĻУܹνˣĺҪ
˵ͷ˵֪ˣǷİɣһΣҿԶȹȥġŷʮ㣬ı֤
ʯͷ̲ס̾˵ȻΪεʱ˵ĻʱҲʮ㣬żҶ˽ܰ
˵֮Ȼһȥ
ŷһȻѾһЩƣվеôס
ϵ磬δŷ粻ҵ
صݣϢ˴ңʱ˶ˡ
һǿߣҲҪ뿪Щ֮ص飬ǿ֮ͬأʮϹȻʵ»ǿߣҲһǿ壬һǼµġ
ЩϼһصĵƣھȻҪˣ磬ҪΣյĵزˡ
ųвʱȻһ˳֣ҲɱǣҪϣͬСо˸֪ŷĿģһӾͲ˳
һǰ֮еˣҪп쾳ǿߵĴڡоһ
˶Ŀŷ磬˼ԣȫָŷˡ
ŷ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵ʮʱ䡣
ŷĻ˺Ȼʮʱ䣬ŷҪﵽܹ쾳ǿߵľ磬ôܣ
Ҫʲô̲סʵ


1849 Ҫ
һЩŷ絭˵
ŷĻΪۣŷʵǴﵽʥ죬ʲôӵĶܹùŷ
ǶһԷеĵǡ
ʲôԯݺʵ
ŷɨһۣ˵ҪȥɱеǿߣɼǵľԪʵ
ˣ̲סɴ۾һ𾪵ӡ
Ȼ֪֮УǺεǿ󣬹ŷҪȥֵĻᱻǿ׷ϣʱ򲻻к³ġ
ûз裬ȥӦ֪һЩе⣬Ҿǳ֡ŷ絭˵
ʵһ̲סҡͷ˵ܵģЩеǿ̫ˣ쾳ǿߣ֣ǲ˵ˣһ֣ͱ˴¨ˣʱ˵Ϊס֮Уһ㲻ʲô֮ͬУҲ˿Ժ档
ģҲµģҵʵ˭Ҫɱңôסŷ˵
ʻԥӣŷü㲻õһ۵ʦţʱֻҪָҪעʲôЩ˵ʲôطʲôˣʣµĽңʮʱ䣬㹻ҽʥˡ
ŷĿ֮Уս졣
Ը䣬һθȻ治ãҪľ档
ʮʱ䣬˵ʵǲ㳤ָȥˣǹŷҪʮʱ֮ڣ𣬳Ϊ쾳ǿߡ
ʥ죬ŷڽаһ쾳սҪԼеĸǿ
УЩǿͨҪڣʵ̫ˣҲȥҡͷȻӦ
ŷ絭һЦһƬ˳ͷȻϵϢȫʧ
ԿŷģȴһָоŷǸһɨǿһĸоûС
ȴ֪ŷΪղ۾ˣֱŤĸоѹҪץ
ֻƬȻã˾ȡ
ŷͷ˵Ҳҵֻ̣ƬеԼֻصУȻǺȴһ磬ȻЩǿҵʦ֣ҲҲҡ
ֲùŷҪ֮Уԭԭ
֪Լ޷ֹŷˡ˵ͷ˵ðɣȻĻҾʹ򣬵һҪסҪ嶯ԶԶеĿ£ֻƬδؾܹڸסϢ
ȻҲʶֻƬ棬֪ǿߵǸطǿߣʵ̫ˣʵµ˼㡣
ŷͷȻע⣬³ç
߰ɡʿڣŷ磬ѯŷ
뿪ԯǣûһֹģΪŷҪڼ˵ʱ֮ڣɳǱҪߵ·
֮⣬ûиõķܹŷʵ
ϾڵʵҲʥ죬ҪĻǧ꣬ġ
ǹŷ羳ٸһ㣬ǧʱ䣬δعá
統УŷԼʦ֡û뵽ǣҲذħ
͸㡣ݸŷ
ղڤľ֮кΣգҲûǵѣܶǾ棬ʱҲһЩҪд鷳Ļǰæذħŷ˵
Ͳܶ϶𣿡ŷ̲סʵ
ŷĻذħЦЦ͵˵Ƕ֣Ҳѣһֱսеϧɣʵһľˣܲʲô֮Ҳǲ֪һʱǿ䣬ʬ岻࣬˽ʬ֮еЩ꣬һھԼǱˣҶ붼Ķ֡
ԭҲźϾ콩ʬȻܹذħĴڣһֱս˵ܶĲˣֻһ콩ʬǲء
ˣһζòǣǰãҲǴ鷳ʮʱ䣬Ҫʥ죬ʱȻ˶뿪Ҳܹס硣ŷ˵
Ŀ꣬ʵ֣ȴҪƴһѡ
ʦܣɹġ˵Ӱ»ߵĿУ˵ĻһˣѾܳˡ
ŷ綼ЩƮˣϾ̫ˣĿ佱Ǻ˷ܵġ
лʦˡ
ŷܿƽл


1850 
Ҳûеô£һʱ䣬һЩνĸ֣ҲˣֻҪСһ㣬¡Ц˵
˵ĺɣǹŷȴ̲סҪ֣ۡ׹ȻȻ𣬵ȴһԺ͵۾һϸµĴڡ
۾Ѿ֪ĵ۵ֵһˣʵǿ󣬲սǣΪȻо¡
ֻҪŭͲ¡
ңŭˣԵʱΪҪɱҲһ¡ԣ˵ĻĿ˵ƨ
ˡŷ绹ǵͷҲֻһģĸĶȫǺ
չ˺ùŷ硣ʵļ˵һ΢΢鴤һ¡
ʵŷָһ£չ˹ŷ磬Ǹܵġ
Ҫɫ˲֪ȴǳǸϼһĴˣΪҿ𣿹ؼʱ̣ʦŷ㲻κ顣Це˵Ȼʶʵʦ𣬶Ŀ˺Ƿǳʶӡ
ŷЩ⣬϶һʶģҲ˵Ǿʱ򣬾ʶˣҲͬһĴڰɡ
ʦ£ұɵˣܡЩƵ˵
Ļȴҡͷ˵ֻҪʦǾҪֵģͻӦġ
ʦ֮н飬˶ˡ
ŷ΢΢һɣʵҲڵġһкΣգֻǽУŷ粻ʲôΣաϾеǿЩϹҲ˾ɱرǽܳǿߣҲ¡Է鷳
ǹŷ粻һһȥҪɱ˵ģҪɱˣ϶Ӯ鷳Էܻ׷ɱ
ԹŷΣգΣպܴ
ˡʺʵ˵ѵΣһȻ죬ʰΨ
ǰԶǳʵ
ȽȥЩһߣʡǷǡ˵Ļ䣬˽ȥ
ͨͷһѪ⣬ľѪУ̺ǿȻһĻ߱ϣҲ˲䱻ɱ
ŷʶһۣȻذħ˵ͷֱӳ˽ȥ
У۲ĻŷʣԶȥŷֻƬǵϢԶһۡ
֣սǿߣǶ쾳ǿߣǿ߱ʵϣ̤쾳ǿ߷ǳԩǱֻעߵĶģԶԶ
ȴû뵽Ȼ˽նɱ
һХȣûǿ֣߳ս
ڳˡɱ졣
˿µĶ֣ڼսѣǬ飬Ȼһ쾳ҽӽ
Ϊ̫ǿˣȻͬһ磬սԽǲ֪٣ûпɱԡ
û뵽㻹ܸһսδˣһʤ񿪿ڣޱȣѾԶĹŷǣѪڣһһѪ˳
˺ȻĶһۣʵҲʵ̫˰ɡ
һԺǿߣȿ¡
ʶһ㣬ŷгء֮УǿߣԲ࣬Ž򣬱һ𣬶һǶе֡
ŷûлͷΪ֪ԼȥҲﲻʲôæͶս˴ѡ
һֱ˺ܳʱ䣬һѪ⣬һսųֹͣ
һӡһܻǸһ⣬ʧ

ЦȾѪȴս죬˹ŷһۣȻ΢΢ͷʧ
ȻһսʤˣǲɣȾѪܹúų޵еİ»ߣսزǸ˾ͬһĿ´ڡ
ߡŷ˵
·Ϊŷƣ˵һЩֲͬʱ߹ŷЩڣȻʱ뿪ˡ
ܾȥΪʵԶԵ̫ˡŹŷ磬һۡҸø߹ŷģѾ˵ˣҪģǸԼʦŷĴڣְæ
뿪ŷһҪԼˡ
͵ǰУһƬɽУŷɫ裬Ϊ̻ǿޣ쾳ޡ
Щޣ󲿷Ⱥ۵ģǡȻҲһЩڵޣһޣ쳣ǿ󣬻϶ﵽ쾳
ֻЩûʶֻбܣȻĻ֮оԵøǿˡ


1851 
ŷ羲ĵǰУ֮УԪŨ˼㣬һƬط֮еĶ츣أҪǿĶࡣ
̲סҡҡͷֲǿôأôŨԽط컯ĺܲˡ
ң֮Уŷһֽĸо޴ڣ֮£ٶȻǳĿ졣
ǿҲɵġ
䡣
ڹŷЩʱһµϢ౬
ֻһֻһ߶೤İߣǳ죬ʱŷ綴
ҵŷ֮ϣֻظֱ֣һײһ
һ̣ߺɳȥ֮䱬顣ŷҲ˺ܶಽ¶ȻɫֻһǳͨİߣȻµ
ߵʵ൱һα𣬶ֱǿߡ
ĶҲ죬Ѫ⾫ԵĴ󲹡ŷ۾һ뵽һ㡣
һֱ̣תߣΪǧְߣ˳ŷ紩˹ȥлͷǿĴڣȻ쾳֡
ŷףЩΪʲôôˣΪĺֲܿǧۼİ߳ȻҲҪâɡ
ңЩߣ϶еİӦûиǿߡ
ŷӴܣ߷׷аʱҲǰ浽ʲôˣΪһ׷ϣŷҪд鷳
ɽĴȻŷ磬Ҳ޷һԾ
ǰ޾Ǹ߲ȥһ
ڹŷ絰۵ʱ֮ϣһµ񣬳˹;޴ûǧͷҲϰͷ
ȴûйŷ磬ֱӳȥʳߡ
һĻŷһڿˮǿ󣬵ǺЩȣȴμ׾ƣһ˲䣬ɾ
Ȼ쾳ĴڣУһͷǿޱȣսͷ쾳İߣһȻ˿·硣
ŷֻǿһۣת뿪ΣգԴġЩûбܣȴ̫ǿˣܶ඼ȺۣһǵˣǶ֡
뵽һȺۣ쾳ǿ׷ɱŷʹһ
ٶȺܿ죬ԽһƬطɽ֮󣬹ŷһǿҲǸɽ֮г
ɽΣյĸоʧŷ簴ʵָ㣬ҵ˵һ
ڣȻڣֻǲһ֣ǵλ֮ϣȷʵرڣ֮УҪڵһˡ
Ǿһţ磬Ϊǵ棬Ұʱ򣬱һǿնɱ
Ҫ𣬵ȴʧˡܵ˴ܣϹִ˳һ㸲ڡ
һս֮ڽҪȫʧˡͦ˹ǳȴѾˡ
ΪеǿߣֻҪɱ˲д鷳飬ǿ϶֡
һθսħһ壬ҲڵǿС
ǾԵĵˣû˿ͺõĿܡҪǣڣȫࡣ
ŷҪǵѪ⾫Ԫɲѡ飬ͳûʲôʵ̫ˡ
ڣһƬƽԭ֮ϣ칬գմȾҪУҪӵлߵս
ϣҲһЩӣǶΪսûн߻ߴ۾ġ
칬֮⣬һЩ칬ܵ칬ı
ŷһ򲢲󣬷Բڷ˵УǺΰȴʲô㲻ϡ
ң飬ûзˡ
ŷۿһͷһץסȻг˼ΣԪȻЩѪڽ
⣬ŷЩȻϽ֮УҲû졣
λֵܣһ𣿾ϵõζҺòײץһǸ˵顣
ŷޱ飬ĵطȥ
ЦӾ壬⣬ùŷ⣬һģ޷ȥ
ǱģŷȻܾ϶᳢һ¡
ɫǳܸߵ棬ʺϿһԺʮԪʯ˽һߣȻ۵档
ŷԿѪܴҲǺǿ죬ȴܱıһץסˡ
ֿܶ飬ŷɫЩ⣬Щ֮ҲУܹоЩеͬ࣬ԲͬԴǸĲ
ɺϣȴľݻһЩԣƶ̫ˣǱⰲŵһ
뵽ŷͻȻ뵽һʣǾˡ


1852 
˦˦ͷԺе߰뷨˦˳ȥŷ翴֮ϵ칬һۣһ
ʱ򣬹ŷüһһֻļ˹
˭
ŷǳ⣬ֱתһȭ
Էһû뵽ŷȻǸ˽ӡͬʱŷײһȫѹԼֻ֮䱬δӰ쵽ˡ
վڹŷǸˣ˺ܶಽһѪŷһĨȻ
һˣһ˵ˣǴﵽ쾳ĸ֣֮ʵټǸԼ˵ˣԲ쾳ǿߣֻһսﵽۣΪȴδﵽ۵ǿߡ
ŷſˣһɫ˫ǿߣòŹŷ磬һȵӣһѪȻǸղź͹ŷײУŷˡ
ʲôˣŷǳ⡣
ŷĻٿŷ˸ĺ⣬ǸһϽ˵̨Ҫᣬ÷ӣղż̨ˣ̨֪һˣԲ̲סǰţû뵽Ȼ̨ˣ³çˡ˵ŷ͡
ֽӣŷɫŹ֡
÷ӵͷ˵ǲǺܷҵ󡣡òȷʵԳƵӣһЦݣȴùŷе㿴ߡ
ǰǺûšŷЦ
ŷĻ÷ӵɫһЩƣȴûа취Ϊ֣ûӡ
̨Ҫٻ֪㼵ұ㳤˧İɣҿ϶ģϾǸ࣬еԱҲǺģʲôҶ̵ܹġ÷ӶŹŷ磬˵
һڷ͹ŷԡ
һĨЦݣŷʵʲôܹ̣

÷ӵͷ
ʲôûСܵܣŷͻȻһ
Χ˵񣬶÷ӵϣһЩŮԸ̲סҡͷ̾Ϣÿϧ
Ҿ˵ˣСһ㶼ûõģ˧ôһĲСһǿ׳Ĵ󺺣§һһǿ׳Ůˣ˵
ǿ̾Ϣ
΢΢鴤÷ӶŹŷ磬˵ұ֤㡣
ŷ˹ᣬŷűͷ÷뿪
Сľ¥У÷̲סޣԼ̫ˣȻŷһˡԷȻ򲻹Է˼ұһ٣ȻҪԷԷʵ̫ˡ
ֵܣ˭۸ˣҰѵʵĺܲһμҳԷе㲻˼ˡŷЦе˵
÷ᱼʲô˲һμԷǹŷġ
ŷ֮Σչâ÷ӷǳǵĽԼСұ֤ԼҪǸҷԹŷĻһٱٲˡ
뵽̲סʲ죬Լһӵˡ
㷹ŷһƵ÷ӣȻվ뿪÷ӵۣҲֻܹˡ
ֻ뵽ղԼŷ۸̲סҪˡ
ȻҲֻѡ
ˡһ˹ŷע⡣
ͷۣλڣѡǵǿߡڣԷȴһᡣ
ֻҪΪڵĻһлᡣ
뵽ŷס˵Ǹˣ̡
Ӧ׼սЩһֱǿߣۼǿߣܹΪα͵ֻһĵӶѣҪȥĻҪۼսǸΪŷ͡
Ҳܹ˺ܲҲ쾳ǿߣǺпһۡȻ˵֮Уۺܶ࣬ں嫵˵ǿߣҲϡݡ
ң쾳ǿߣٳ֣ʵںܶǿߣߡ
ڵҲֻһ۶ѡ
Ȼ۷ǳǿ֮У޵С
ֻΪҪûбҪѵǲģŷЩ⡣
ֻսŵˣҲ̫˰ɣоϲˣУѵǲԼ鷳
Ȼ£ڵǿ󣬲һܹģֻ֮£û˸ʲô顣Ǹ˽͡
ԭŷͷʾԼѾˡȻټĵطվ߹ȥҲʱ򣬹ŷתʮ䣬ıԼϢȻ쾳ǿԼǰ޷
ʱĹŷ磬һϢסȡ֮еϢһ֪
ĵطŷֱӱ
Сһͷ¹ΣʱȴͷĿ˹ŷһֱۣӷ


1853 Ϊ
üͷһ壬ŷɫһɿµѹǸӵϣһ
ΪʲôУŷʵ
ΪŻ죬ӵսϽ뿪Ҫﵢ¡Ǹ¹ڣһĲ
ŷĻ̲ס¶һĨЦ
ۿ˵ͣΪܿҵսһۣܲܵסһŷ絭˵Ȼ󣬵ȴ˰Ȼ
ûд͵ԽǸߵԷԽỳһŷкףױ˲
аۣƾҲʸ񣿸Ͻ뿪ȻĻҲˡͷ¹ĵӣҲ¶һĨŭɫڵĵӣһƬط߸ϣʲôʱܹĺǳ⣬еܲˡ
ֻ֤Լսѡŷ˵
Ǹ¹ŭ˲Զһۣ˵λʦ֣ȥ
һααǶһۣȻ˹˵ŷ֣Ҫӳȥ
ǵûҪɱŷ磬ΪĿˣǼˣǲ֪ԼǳҲնɱֱӳȥС
ֻǣץסŷĸ첲ʱȴȻķ֣ԼȻŷ硣
йŹ֡Ǹα˵˶һۣȫת
ŷ˿δǸααѾͨˣǵת˼ޣȴ޷ŷ
˶ʱףǰˣǿߣս棬ﵽǸ̶ȡ
۽֮УǵĵλҪߵĶࡣ
뵽ǲټ֣һŷ˵ղŶеλֲҪ֡
ŷ΢΢ͷ˲һ
Ǹ¹ĵӣʱĿɿڴʱǻǰˣۼսǿߣҲ̫ɵˡ
ԲλѣղһʱᣬѾ¼ˣдԼϢŰɡǸ¹ĵӣ˲ɫ
ɲﻤȻ֮Уʵû̫ȨǻۼǿߣҪύһЩϣǷǳ׵ãϿӵʵȨˣʱֻҪ˵䣬Բ˶ߡ
ŷ翴һۣĵһ⣬ûС
Ǹ¹ĵӣһƵݸ˹ŷ磬ƺܹӣƽ˼㣬ǹŷȴиܵһɹԵúܾˡ
һķȻǱȾĻ߷Ҫǿĺܶࡣŷ̲ס̾⻹֮ûгʶһɵţȻ˰һƶӽʵ̫ˡ
ŷߵסһСԺӡȻ˵СԺӣǾСˣ֮󣬹ŷ綼̲ס¶һĨ̾ɫ
СԺӣж죬Ũ滹ҪǿĶࡣңһʯͷ棬ʱ·жŴ֮
񡣡
ŷԾֶټ֮УֻмĴڣ󲿷ֱĥΪȻݳ޵ڵϣ̾
ңЩĳɫȻƷģҲƷ
ǴЩܹжôǿ󣬲һӽһŵɶѣĴֱʡ
ŷѡһ䣬סе棬ԼѣʲôˣҪĻŷ粻Լһ
ű˿һ˽ŷ翴Էòʱ̲ס¶һĨЦݡ
δ꣬÷ӣּˡŷЦĴк
÷ɫһж·ӵĳ嶯ԼڣȻ˸ղǸһ÷Ƶǣŷ羹Ȼѡ
죬ɱҰɡ÷̲ס쳤̾
֣ҪĻңҿ϶ҪġŷЦ˹ʥȣҪ֡
һ÷ӸϽ˵ǿЦģֲҪ棬ֱܹ֣Ҽ
ǼɡŷЦʵ
÷ûŷ磬Կ϶ԼǸҵͷĻһһɵԼ
ȿȣû뵽ҲĻǻԵǽݰɡ÷ͻȻ˵
ʵģǹŷԼֵ֮󣬿϶ͻ᲻˼۸Լˡ
ʵ÷Ӳ֪̫򵥵ġ
ðϴ󡣡ŷЦе˵
ôԣ÷ʶ˵
ŷǴв֮÷ᱼֻܹͷӦˡ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵⻹࣬ϵİɣһὫ̳ΪһϸСܵġ
̣֮÷ǰһڵһָо


1854 ÷ӳ
а̾ԼôһƷܹоԼӣܲù
뵽ԼĿģ÷һҪѪĳ嶯һһ𣬶ʵԼĿˡ
ϴҪûµĻҾȥˡ÷СĵŹŷ磬һЩǣ¹ŷ˵һ֡
÷ӵĻŷ絭һЦȻ˵ͷ
ŷûΪԼ÷һʱãŷҲеôദ
ȻҪ˶ãͻԼ뷨ǶôĿЦˡ
ŷԼѡķ䵱Уʼ
жĻױ˷֣ڵȴᡣ
ʮʱ䣬˵˵̲̣㹻ŷԵˡ
ʿ֪ˣ϶̲סզ࣬һʵ̫ˡ
ʿҪʳʱȥˡ
ŷͻȻһܵһ㶯Ǳֳģ÷ֳġ
סԼϢҪ뿪ǿ÷Լ֪ŷôȻһЩϹδسԽŷ
һĨЦݣŷ簵֪÷Ӳ򵥡ŷĵĸֻƬιŷϢϢ÷ͷֲˡ
ȻϹ̽飬ûԣҪҵŷ磬Ҳǲܵġ
÷ӵ󣬹ŷ罥ĵɴ۾Ŀ÷óһӣһˣдʣǸС
ǻ߻ααһۼսǿߣδӳȥֱץס
Щǽ̵ӵģƽʱ칬֮ϣʱȴܲұץסˡ
ҿ
ŷ÷ӵĴӣ۾ڷ⡣
ҪǽӶ˵ģеЩ飬㹻ŷһٵġ¶ϲɫĸ÷ӵ󣬴һȸں
÷Ȼ֪ԼѾŷ綢סˣȻڳ֡ãפصǿ߱յĲˣһ칬Ȼ
ŷֻ˵һ֣ǾǷ÷ӵ죬ŷҪ֪칬֮п쾳ǿߣһץסԻд鷳ܿ÷ӻᱻɱ
СҲ֪ǲǵĺܴ󣬻ɵģû뵽
β÷ӵһ֣ץٶǻߺʹۣвۼǿߡ
룬ŷͻȻһ֪鷳ˡ
ڴʱ÷ҲǸʲôһһ˳ȥ
󵨣Ȼڵĵӣһһϵ֮ʾһ֣÷ץ˹ȥ
÷ӺȻɫһһɫ˳ȥ
ŷһëըתԶȥһԥûˡǼµ׵磬ǿѹ֮γɵ顣
ǿһϣȻŷۼǿߣбɱĿܣܵشһġ
ǸȻҲû뵽ԷóĶֱһץס顣һɿµĲֱֻ飬֮䱬һѪɫ
쵰
һŭһǿվ˳һͷӥ֮ʵǱǿ˼㡣
չ֮䣬˲Ϣ֪پ룬ȴδ׷÷ӡ
쵰ӥŭ˫գض·ڱ顣
ŷ级Ȼʱ˵ʲô¶ͷ֪ڵʧ̫ˣôӱץߣмۼսЩ޵һѵĴʵ̫ˡ
ڰӥûиоŷ磬ע÷ȥˡ
һǸ쵰ĴˣҪɱӥŭɱ˺ء
Ҫˣⶼǵͷˣ֮Ǳһ𣬳ɱ⡣
ûıҪˣĻԻ㲻ʲôЩʵ̫֣κ˶ܹˡ
ǿ߶ǳŭȻ쾳ǿߣȴǳںеӵΪеĵӣͬһִڣȻں
һһµȺ塣
ŷһЩȣʲôɣȻô˺ޣлԻ̲ͣס¶ȵġ
÷ӵͷܲ򵥣ùŷ˼
ĵ뿪ûоǿߣ÷ڵķ˹ȥ
ŷ÷ӣµһЩϢЩϢȻ΢ԺԲƣǶڹŷҵ÷ӣȴŷǳİ
÷ӿŷԼǰʱ̲סɴˣֱǿһһ
죬ôҵҵģ÷̲ס
ԼӵĹõˣ˵ŷ磬ϹҲԼǹŷĳ֣ȴš


1855 ŵ
ӳŵߣҶһֱߣ㣬¹ҵϢҵ𣿡ŷ絭˵
÷ӵɴ۾ЩŵĶŹŷ硣ԷȻһʼ͸Լߣһ㶼ûо쵽
뵽÷΢΢鴤
ȻŷҵΪ÷ӵڣйŷϢǶݵģȴһ㣬ǹŷ˵ĴһʼѾˡ
÷ԾԼȴδҵŷ硣
Ҫô÷Ӿʵ
÷ӵĻŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵׽ڵʿѾѵܹ׽𣿡
÷ӵɫӾ裬粻ڿʲôһ
һһ롣÷ͻȻ˵
ŷ¶ȵɫ÷һﾹȻµԼĿġ
ΪԼ˼Ѳ𣿾ͬԼ˵һҵ¹ϢܹܵҵĴڣҲЩϢ֪ĸţۣΪεĺܺ𣿡÷ӵ˵
ʵһѡҸɵ㣬ȻõǸĴӣеŷһЦ
һ쳣ܹԼȻҲһ˽ġ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬÷ɫ粻Źŷ磬ԥ˰죬˵㲻ġ
Ϊʲôŷޱ顣
ΪҽݴдɵԼĵܵܵġ÷Ц˵
Ļŷ΢΢һ£ͷɣסԼ
һ÷ڷ
ȻղŹŷ˲СΣգ÷ӾһָоǹŷӦԼΪˣ;ԲԼ֡
ָоԼЩ֣ЩĪʵϡ÷ӾԲһű˵ˡ
㵽ʲôˣ÷Ӻʵ
Ȼ֪ŷǿߣһһ۹λˣȴźܴɻ
Ҿǹŷ磬֮еĵۣҪѰһЩʵȻ硣ŷ絭˵ûΣԼĿ˵˳
ܹо÷ӣԲǵˡңŷãԼԺҪжҪ÷ӣƽ֣÷ӵǸӣҲȷʵ̫ˣùŷ翴Ķ̲סҪˮ
ӣŷҪٷѺܶྫ
÷¶ȵɫۣͻȻ뵽һϢ
ǵĵһҪ׽ˣѵеǿߣǰս÷˵һϢ
ʵϣ֮俪սĲ࣬޾֮ǰģټǵǸˣЩ֮УǱȽġ
ܶǿߣڹע֮ս
˵磬ǿʵ٣һֱң⣬˽ģÿϧȻǵʵȻǿ󣬵ȴδܹѹǣô֮У磬ҲǶˡ÷Щϧ˵
棬ŷһ£һ˵
㲻֪÷ҲЩȡ
ŷͷ˵û˵û뵽Ҳеȼ
ǰʵֵģҲ˲ͬ⣬飬Щǿ˵ûбϵô򵥡÷ŷ͡
ʲô򵥵ģŷʵ
˹ŷһۣ÷˵һһǸ棬ȫᣬ˵Ǿֲ֮Ĵڳ֣ĽԣȻ类Ϊ棬ȴûһ棬ĶԴ磬ܶ涼Ǻܾ衣
Щǹŷûģû˸
ŷ羪֮Ϣ
һǿߣеɣŷ̲סʵ
ŷĻ÷¶һĨɬ˵һѾŵˡ
Ѿˣŷ羪ȡ
ǵļ԰Ҳͱ˷ͻǲԷˣҺʦǽˡ÷˵
ŷ羪ȣܹó÷ӵĺܵ䣬ⲻװġ
÷ӵļ˵뿪ɡ
ȴҲЩ֣÷ӵĵ˭Ȼ
һĵ棬ʵǿ棬ĶһҺʦɣ֮еĲǿ֣߳ȻĻǵļ԰ᱻٵôɾ÷ҧгݡ
ŷĻ̲סһ÷˵ԼȴףܹЩͬʱֵ磬ôһǿףԳԽ磬һ档


1856 汾Դ
ĵҲ٣ҪСģĺǵĵ֮ϵܺãҲĿܡ˹ŷһۣ÷ѵ
ŷһ̲סʵΪʲôҪ棿
Ϊǵ棬ᣬҪԼ棬ȻȡıԴǿԼ÷Ц˵
ļ԰Ϊһ㣬ĹϷ֣ʧ
汾Դǲ𣿡ŷоԼһЩЩ߸ǰ֪е㲻һ
˭汾ԴࣿǲģΪҪҪģɱȫƿ棬ȻѳֱԴḯĹࡣ÷Ϊŷ͡
ԭԭ򣬹ŷףΪʲôҪˡ
ûڵ棬ֻڵʿӦҪعأֻأ޷ӹȥ÷˵
ʿ࣬ѹˡ
ʵϣܶе쵽һ㣬ֻѡ񣬵һѡ񣬱ǻһĴɱ汾ԴڶֱңҪǳѹҪȻĻ汻ƿء
ŷͷ÷ӵһͣڳˡ
лˡŷ÷ӵлĻԼ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ܹһС
ȻлңҪһɣ÷ͻȻ̲סЦЦ˵Ļ
һҲǾԵĻ飬û١
ŷ翴÷һۣ˵Ҫ㡣
÷ɫһ̲סЦ˳÷˵磬ҴˣңôҲҶ֣ʲôûиɣ
ϻ̫ˡŷ翴һۡ
÷ֱӱˣЦ˵ȥŷ粻֪Ҫٶء
գƽֵ
֮УЩʵȫʿ˵Ǵ֮
ŷ÷ûзϻһ󷨣һϢʼЩ
˵ķһ÷ֱɣŷǼһЩҩݣһɵĴаơ
գһжˣеľ۳γһ⻪תһŵҩһŵҩһ棬쳣ˡ
ȵѪЧˣ÷Ӷ۾죬һεӡŹŷ罫ҩ˿Уʥȣŷʵڿ
죬ٶȣ㻹𣿡÷ӸܵŷϢڿ̲֮סԾ
ղôྫʵоŲ㶼˷ˡ޷ȡĳ޷ЩԶɢˣʧ
ǹŷ磬ֱȫˣʮ㾫Ԫ˷ѵĲ㡣
Ȼ÷ĽҪ֪ۼǿߣȻʵǣǺüۼһ𣬾Ǵ󲹡
ҹŷ˹ܵһԼΪ̲סҡͷЩ⡣
Ȼûе졣ŷЩơʵ˲٣ûдﵽʥ죬ûнʥ۷塣
ЩżΪ̫ˡղԼ˶ٶкĶۣδܹסǶ˵̫ˡ
ǻ죿ŷ÷̲ס¶𾪵ɫ
ŷֱڿһһȻŷ絽ǻ߻Ǵۣ֮УȴΪ۵սܻҪԽˣʵ̫ˡ
ǻ죬ʥ졣ŷ絭˵
÷ӸӳԾ̲סʥǵˣһϹת㾹Ȼһ𣬳ɹ̤ʥ찡ǲΣ
֪ŷʲô֮÷ӼֱԾӶҪɳˡʥ̤Ǹĵ·ܶǿĴڣ˿ʦ𣬵Ƕڹŷ羹ȻǸ磬βԾ
ˡ
һ÷ӵԴ棬÷̲סʹһûĵ˹ŷһۣ̲ס˵ʲô
ԶҪңûɵ飬ֻҪʱͻᡣŷ絭˵гš
ΪŷкףЩ飬ǲɣǿҲȥûɡ
磬ˣûʲôܵ飬ֻҪʲô漣ܹ֡
磬磬Ժ׸ˣԺһҪҡһѱסŷĴȣ÷һ˵
һˣʵ̫ǰ;ˣԼľǳӢ
ŷ翴÷һȻһ߳ȥ÷ߵԶƲƲ죬˵Ӳϲ׽


1857 ٶȷ
÷ᱼһҲ̫˰ɡ֮ǰǹŷĶ֣ڹŷʵٴȻǹŷĶˡ
ɾԪ̫˷ˣҪ߲㣬Ҫ㣬ҰƵҩŷ翴÷һۣ˵
ŷĻ÷۾һֱӵͷһԥûС
ʵϣŷȻֻ㣬ҪƵҩĻʵ׬ˡ÷кԼɾԪķǳ˷ѡ
˭֣÷̲סʵ
ڡ
ŷ絭˵÷Ŀɿڴŷ񣬼ֱڿһһ
У֪뷨Щϼһô£벻ȥ𣿡÷̲ס˵
㶼뵽ˣ㻹ȥ𣿡ŷʵ
÷һ£Ȼҡͷ
۾⣬׹ŷ˼ˡܹ뵽ЩϼһһҲܹ뵽һǷԿ϶˲ȥˡ
ʵϣҲǿ䣬ǵУȴǱʶУЩΪȻǵĻᣬûʲôڵЩˡ
ҪܹϢȻĻ¡ԥһ£÷˵
Ϣı²ҪЩϹ﷢֣ȴһЩѡ
ŷ絭һЦֱʩչֻƬסˡ
÷ӵ۾׵ˣԥ˵ȥڡ
Ȼ֪ŷʲôܹô׵ϢȻϹﲻԵѲ飬ҵ
÷Ӿðգܹץͬ˵ֵõ顣
ǣˣ͵˲ڵĵӵĵ֮ٴνڡ
һǱȥģͬŷ˵һڣȻھ䣬ȴǺ⣬ǲ֮ǰǸ˻
ΪֻҪеӵˣٳ֣ٶڡ
ֻ˭û뵽йŷУ÷ȻĶʵǹŷĻľͬЩϹĲ²⣬÷ֱԶݣһԥС
֮Уôţ÷ûбҪץסһŲţʵҲΪ
ȻΪ쾳ǿߣҲܹ顣ɣǿߣԲ쾳ϹҲֻһ
ӽһţʵǷǳ˵ġ
ĵ̤칬ǿߣۼͱĶȫһӵеЧþ˵˼㡣
һα𣬺öйŷֻƬΣһθӵӦ֣һα˽ûһ֪
ŷ翴Ǹһۣвɵø̫̾ˡ
÷ӺܱӣͲŷ翴ȻŷвҪɵһȻ÷ӷǳҪһҪҪ
ŷҲǿ󣬷֪÷ӲԼĵǾˡ
ദ⼸գŶ˫һЩ˽⣬д׶ԷΪˡ
ŷϢ÷ӳ֣רЩ֡һֱץ˵ڶʮʱ쳣֣µϢֱ֣ӷ칬
ңһûгȥҵ֮ɱ⡣һŭİӥŷ˶һۣԷеĽš
ǼԼϢȫһ
һɨǣȫ˺ԣʵϣֻƬ磬УԷ
ʱ䣬칬һֱգΪҵˡ
Ǽ쾳ϹһӶɣɫʱĳ֣칬֮еÿһ䶼½ӡ
ȻˣȻûҵˡ
ʵϣֻԵ÷ӣϢȴǹŷ磬һֱûиܵ÷ӵϢ
֪ŷĴڵĻѾ¶ˡ
ˣ쵰ȻǵƤӵˡӥŭ
ǸϼһĴˣȻƽ˰ɣȻʧһЩӣԺҪˣεģԺٺˣһʧȥ˸ļһɲʲô򡣡һĿǿߣҲ࣬Ȼһ
ֻˡӥȻޣҲֻ˵
ʱŷѾ˳ڣһʱģ˵˵һ־޴ļ尾һֵĻǱһûС
˵ʵǲܵס쾳ǿߵĹ
صɾԪĵطǷųԼȻֱӻֱӰһԱ÷Ӷ˺ܶࡣ
÷Ҳ⣬һα޷ôľԪ
ŷƳΪҩ֮ЩҩеУȫյͬʱһЩãʮľԪõĶࡣ


1858 ÷
һεЧһθӾˣ÷ӸһСͻơڹŷ磬Ȼδͻƣȴʥ졣
Ӧŷľ֮÷̲סҡͷŷֱڿһһ
㿴ʲô÷񿴵Щˬŷ̲סʵ
ŷĻ÷˵ʵڿһ̬
ŷۣһ߳ȥ÷һѧˣֱӶ˹ȥٺЦΪҲһ𣿡
Ļ䣬һ÷ӵ֣һȭĺˣ÷Ӱһֱ˹ȥ
󣬳һһģһĹŷ硣
һ壬ŷʹõԽԽˡ÷ӵûз֡
÷һ˲˹Źŷķ̲סɴ۾
㲻Ҫңսһǿ󡣡гԾЩ̫ͨˣһӵбͬսԼˣֱ޵ˣ֮ͬ޵С
ҹŷʵ޵еĸо
¶ˡŷ絭˵
ŷĻ÷Ӷһɳˣŷ֮г˳ݣ磬ڷ֣ԭ㣬ȻһԵѡ񡣡
ͻȻãҵСܣֱⱲùľءŷ
УСܣҵϴڴţˡ÷ŵ˵츳ʵȻһ쾳ϹСܣǸʸ
𣿡ŷЦʵ
ŷ⣬÷ЩȣԾ˵ľǿߣɨУûе֣ջ֮ϵǿ֣߳Žȥ˵δսܣһսǴһƽɫֻǾʱʲô飬Բ뿪֮С
Ȼ֪ǳͣǹŷҲû뵽ԷȻ͵ز
֮УϵĴڣ쾳֮жǿߣˣսһȴ޷ܵʵ̫ˡ
ôҲҵСܡŷ絭˵
ŷĻ÷ӵɴ۾̲סЦ˳ϴڿЦˣǺεôΪϴڿЦ𣿡
תܹϴ󣬸οǾҲ²ⲻĻǸ֮Уֻһ˻ǸνʦʵԼȻҲ֪ΪΪʲôôͣǶĳֹŷ翴÷һۣ˵
ŷĻ÷ɫ΢΢һ䣬̲ס˹ŷһۣʵô֪ģ
ɾԪпˣ㲢ľ磬Ȼӵôߵľ磬Բ¾⣬Ҫǡ˵ŷͻȻͣסˡ
üͷһ÷̲סʵҪΪʲô
ҪҲǺµģû뵽㾹Ȼˡ˵ŷ¶һĨЦݡ
÷ӵɫȴǳһѿû뵽ԼȻŷ˦ˡ֮ǰȻеɻ󣬵ǾԲҿ϶ֻ΢ŪһЩֶΣϵˡ
뵽÷ӲһԼһơ
ôᣬһǵһǡŷЦ˵
Ҳ˵ղĻƭҵˣʲôСܣҪƭҵġ÷ӶŹŷ硣
ġŷ絭˵
˫֣ɫ֮ȫǰ
þתĸԸΪԼСܣɲһ˶ܹģսǣҲܡ
û뵽÷̲סԾ
÷ͻȻЦˣŹŷ˵ϴҲûίңԸСܣһʲô˵أ磬˵ɣҪʲô
ʲôˡһ
ӥڹŷͷϣΣЩһӣĿ絶˵ϣҪնһ
÷ɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽ԷȻҵԼ
ڴʱӥִһĻﳹЦ˵û뵽νʦͽȻǼٵģ÷ӣ÷һ֡
÷÷ӵ֡
ӥΪԼһܹ𣿡÷ЦŰӥ
ӥͬɫмһ۹Ļ˵ҹս򣬳ɱңԼʩչֶδ򿪣ȻĻ뿪ҿԷĵŰɱˡ
ӥͲֻܹۼǿ߶ѣ쾳ܴ󣬸Ͳ÷ϡ
Ǹ汻ٵǱԴȴߣҪ¹Ǹ棬ϧû뵽ҡӥɫ̰Ķ÷еǸӡ


1859 սӥ
ŷ羪ȣǸ棬Ȼ÷ǸıԴֲԸ⽻
ӥһӣŷ̲סüȻ¶һĨЦѵãӦһǳε𣿡
ŷ⣬ӥɫ΢΢һ䣬ҲΡʵϣо˵Ϣо˻ơʱһҲǸˣ淢ˡ
㽫ӡˡ
ŷĻȴЩľоԼײʲôһ
ҹġŷ罫е飬¶һĨЦݡ
ӥһŹŷ磬˵ÿС˰ɣǸˣ
ϧûлɱˡŷ絭˵
Ϊʲô÷ʵ
ʵЩɻ󣬲֪ŷĵ޷ǿߣǿ쾳ǿߣʵ̫ǿˡ
Ȼӥ쾳֮Уֻһ󱲣ʵûͻƺܳʱءۼǿߣҲ޵Уûж֡
ΪҪˡŷ絭˵ӣŰӥɱȻ
ӥ̲סЦ˳ŷڿһһ˷̡
ССһϣȻ˵ҪɱңֱЦӥɱȻ
ŭЦһ˫ӶڹŷϣҪ˺һ
ϴŵ㣬ǲĶ֡÷Щľδָ۷ʱڣ㣬ǹŷĶ֣Ȼܿ쾳ǿߡ
ŷ翴÷һۣ˵Զ㣬СıˣҾնΪ˰ҩ
÷ؿһ۹ŷ磬Ȼͷת뿪
ӹŷɫ֮Уš
ӥЦȻЩֹǼԼ޵С
ɱ
֣ɱŷ硣
쾳ǿߵĳ֣ޱȣƵ죬šָ䣬һµĵ򣬸ֳѹ¡
ŷܵ޴ѹȴȻ塣
ʥ⸴գѪڣŷֻ֣ظ֣Ӳӥ
һֿµײ֮䣬ûȫɳȥ໥һۣԿԷеء
ܣ㲻죬ս쾳ӥɫ֮Щšŷʵ̫ǿˣԤϣ
Ҳ֪Ǽ֮һָоѪ⾫Ҫˡŷ絭˵󣬵ȴ쳣ǿơ
ŷĻӥ̲סЦ˳
ֻһʱңҶһΪܹɱˣеˣԶôĿЦӥڣŷ񣬴һĨм
һ̣ЦݣЦˡ
ΪŷгһɫĹӣϢͷų̸ܵˣ챦
ôܣӥɫѿ̲ס
ıֳɨ򡣡÷Ҳ̲ס˵
ӥһЦĹŷ磬Щң̲סʵ㵽ʲôˣôܺ;йϵҲ֪ʲôˣ
ҴСܡ÷ͻȻ˵
÷Ļӥһ򣬲һˤ÷һۣЦĵɵ𣿾սʲôˡôСܡ
ҲãҲգҲҪˣûбҪںʲôŷ絭˵
ֳɱ˹ȥ
챦ڹŷУͷųµܡ
ӥХݺʵǿŷ缤սѡ
Ȼӵ챦ǹŷҪɱӥҲеôסΪԷϾ쾳ǿߣһʱ򣬹ŷ籬ȫŴһƽɫļսʵŷ绹·ġ
챦˹ŷսȴӵоԵƣҪɱӥŷҪһ־ս
÷Щƣܣüβһ㱻սನУƣֻвͣĶ㿪
䡣
һƬء
ӥХһ˹ȥһ̣һɨ˹ӥС
ۡ
һ˿ڣѪֱ
̫˷ˡŷ̲ס˵һϧӡ
쾳ǿߵѪҺӵ޾Ԫ˵ԵĴ󲹡
ӥȻ֪ŷʲô˼¶ŭɫ󣬰ӥһͷɫӥͬɫʯ͵һ
ëȫһµĹ⣬ŷ缤˹ȥ
ŷɫأܵëֳɨһҵײŷ絹ɳȥȾѪ˫ֶըˡ
ӥҲܣһƣһ㳹ױ顣


1860 Խ챦
ڴʱһߵ÷ͻȻ֡
еĴӴһڣŷ緢֣һ棬µ汾Դһ汾Դ
Ȼ쾳ǿߣܿ⡣
ӥɫʱܵشȻ˽ȥ
÷ͷðϴӿڣȻŷ˵ҡ
ʼӡҪӥ
ŷͷ÷һֻ÷ϣӴ˲û÷ڡ
䡣
÷۾˲˫ֽӡһӡȥŷ级Ȼķ֣Լк˲ʧʧһ㡣
ףΪʲô÷ҪԼˣΪַӡĵ̫ˣ÷ڵʵͲܳܡ
ɴ˿ɼַӡôĿֲ쾳ǿߣܹ쵽
ŷ۾һХһӰ磬ӿ÷С÷ӡٶȸˣڹŷоԼҪߵʱ÷ɷӡ
ڴ֮УһҽУӥʵ˻ȻΪ쾳ǿߣǴʱҲҪˣ汾ԴĹ
ܣ쾳ǿߣĲߣᡣӥŭһֱڳǴʱȻϾϣΪԪ𣬼˲䣬ȫʧˡ
ĺ汾Դ֮У÷۾һɱӥһԪȻľ޴Ū˳
ˡŷЦ
һ̣̲סɫһ䣬ֻƬתǺͰӥһ𣬼Զȥ
Ӱ֣ȫ쾳ǿߣĿѰܣȴûһջ񡰰ӥɱˡһͷɢߣһʱ䣬Ȼſڵ
仰ȫ𾪡
ʦ棬Ǻ˳֣һ쾳ǿʵ
ӥʵˣȴɱˣ쾳ǿ߲һΣС
һۣߵ˵֪鲻Ǹ˵񣬹󲻿ԣӦòеǿߡ
ѵǣ磿Ǹ쾳ǿߺͻȻһ󼱴١
һۣҡͷ֪һУһָоԽ챦֮ϣпǴ˵еļ
졣
Ȼ쾳ǿߣ̲ס
һ𣬳Խ챦ĶûмҼΪأٱ˵õ˵챦㹻ǿǿУ죬ǼȻһ쾳ǿУܹ
дԣǼǳԽĴڡȻЩǴ˵ǲģ˭Ҳ֪
ӦǲȻˣҲӺˣ챦ҪǿһҪҵǸˡǸ˵
ǡ
Щ쾳ǿߣȫأʼѰǿޱȣҪҵֵ˵ڡ
һжͽͣû˷һ˿ŷѾ뿪ֻƬΣǺûб˷֣һ˵ĵŽ
ʱѾڵĺԶľˣȻЩ쾳ǿߣҲѰ
ʼɡ÷۾⡣
ŷͷӥ壬ֳƽݡ
Ϊʲôôࣿ÷̲סЩȡ
쾳ǿߣʵźܴĺôҾԪᵣ⣬һһ룬Źƽŷ絭˵
ʼҩ˵
ŷĻ÷˹ŷһۣȻͷǳ˹ŷΪˡȻռ˱ˣҲڶԷò£ڣƽһ㶼δκԥ
ˣһֵýѡ
ҩʮ죬ǹŷõʱ䡣ҩɾ֮󣬴ﱻûȻ£Ҫٵҩ
ɴ˿ɼҩô졣
ŷֵסȻֱӽҩʧŵҩΪƽʵӣһĵطֻԼ֮䣬һЩζ
÷һȻǣԼȻԼ֮ǿһЩ쾳ǿΪϣƳĵҩҩЧֱ졣
ŷݸ÷һţҪȥ
ֱһƽ÷ֳŷ÷һۣû˵Ҫ𣿡
÷һ㶣֪ŷʲô˼
ŵҩе㱬ʮΣȻи߾磬ǱϾδصǰǸ磬쾳һѪ⾫ԪƳĵҩô׻ܹյġŷû˵
ŷĻ÷Ӧһһɿµŵòһ㽫ҩӳȥ
жʱףŵҩǺóԵģղһڳȥ
һγķ֮һŷ翴ɫЩ÷һۡ


1861 
÷һôõĵҩԼǰȴܣǲء
ŷĻҩķ֮һȻֱӷ˿С
һӴըֱû÷Ͻֻʱȴ𾪵һĻŷֱӽŵҩȫԼĿУȻҲ÷һ
֣ǾǱ̬ʼҩ
ȵ÷ʱ򣬹ŷһߣ˯ʱһϢȻѾȫ
÷ȴһָоŷǿˡ
ʥ죬Ӧһ¹ŷΪ÷̲סȻһ쾳ǿƳĵҩѰ˳ȥֱܹӳΪ߾죬ȻǰҪܹҩԡ
ǹŷ磬ȴʳһţʵȴֻһΡ
ңյٶȣʵ̫ˣķ֮һĵҩյٶȣȹŷ˺ܶࡣ
˯һᡣŷһǷ۾÷һۣȻ˵
ŷĻ÷ͷҩ
һֱһ֮÷Žҩϣܹܵ쾳ǿƵĵҩǶô졣
ʵ˺ܶ࣬ȳһŵҩ֮ǰǿ߲㡣
ּǿ˵Ƿǳ˵ĽҪ֪µʱ䣬Ρ
÷ףҲΪŷƵĵõԲŻı֣Լһ쾳ǿߵѪ⣬벻ջ
ΪֱɣԪ˷ѾŲ㣬ʣµһ㣬δܹȫ
л
˹ŷһۣл
ŷȴνʵ˫Ӯģ÷ǸӣҪ׵õЩʵǳѣҪ֣Ҳһһץģһץôࡣ
ٶȶڹŷ˵Ȼǲġ
ҪҪлңʱ䣬һץһЩŷЦ˵
ŷ˵˽ΪѾˣ÷ڵʵѾﵽһƿɸľԪҪȹһΪ
ǿ˵ʱ䲢ָ
á÷ûκԥֱӵͷӦ˹ŷҪ
ʵЩǿߣҲ̫ڼɵˡʵǰӥס÷аԼʵȥ
һ־޴Ľ֮ǰʵǿ̫ˡ
ǿߣһʵ˵һ췭ظı仯
һ̳Ŀ÷ʵ
ڡŷ絭˵
ŷĻ÷ӶɳˣڣŷҪɱԷѾɵ˺öԷôǿߣһ쾳ϹٳֵĻǴ˺
Ȼ÷Ҳòϣѡھһǳõѡ
Щ˾벻ǻ˵죬ǳ֡˵һ¡
˭㣬Ǽ䱯һ顣÷˹ŷһۣ̲ס̾˵
Ļŷ¶һĨЦݣû˵˵ȴĬ÷ĻŷҪеĵֶ֪Ϊĵ֣һǳµ顣
СǱڡ
ʱǿ˲٣ܶʿϵİʧˡǰĴ̫ˣôǿʧһ쾳Ϲ˸ɵˣǻĻǲء
Щǿߵʧ˵һСĴ
Ǻǡ
ŷ̲סһЦк˸
ֻƬ֮£칬֮ϳȥʱ󷨣ùŷͣЩ⡣
ǵʵҪ󷨽Уǲܵ顣
ȻΪǻɱȴ֪ˣڳ֣Σգδܹ칬÷üͷ˹ŷһۣϣŷܹ
ȡ
ŷԥһ£Ȼ˵
뿪ЩġϾĺҵһɣȫɵȫҪĶǵˣõĽ
һ죬Ȼ뿪̫ˣͲֵùŷǳ֣ݾߡ
ڹŷ綼Ҫ뿪ʱһ˳ˣһ쾳ǿߣʵ͵İӥ࣬ùŷ÷۾
ŷǸȥ˶˶ԷľǾǸɵԷ
һ쾳ǿߣƳΪҩڹŷĽãʵ̫
÷ЩԪûʲôΪڵʵѾ޷ˡֻӦһ磬ܹʹЩԪƳΪĵҩ
ʱ䣬Ҫʮ꣬ꡣ
Ƕ쾳ǿߣѰһҪɱ


1862 ɱ쾳
Ǹ쾳ǿߣ˲Ϣȴһط
һǳأ쳣ΰǿŷǶһۣȻǸ쾳ǿߣ˽ȥ
ԷûиܵǣǼȥȻһȲӡ
ŷ˶һۣԷеĺ棬ʲôһǿߣһûС
쾳ǿ߽ʲôط̲֮סЦãﾹȻһ¥
һЩ֮ǵĶУŷ綼ЩЦá
һ쾳ǿߣԶȻΪ˸ֹʵ
ɵɣһѪ⣬ҲҪˡŷ˵ͬʱҲΪо飬ǸɵԷŷҲѪá
ŷĻ÷˵ͷ
ǵ棬ûнȥ͹ŷȥһЩķ֮ȫһûһĸо˾ֹḡֻΪ˷й
һֱ֮Ǹ쾳ǿ߲һ˳
㣬ȥŷ˶һֱۣӸȥ
ڳǵһ˲䣬ϢֱʧҲû֣Ϊڳнֹ򶷣Щβųң֡
һЩʵȽƵʿΪֱڲϢʼӴܡڳ˲һ㶼֣Ǹ쾳ǿߣҲֻһۣһǰȥ
Ȼû뵽ŷʵΪġ
ŷҪ쾳ǿߵǰɱ
䡣
쾳ǿ뿪ǳغ᲻ԶµĹⱬֱϡ
ҽһֱӱ顣
ǰŷ绯ȫʥӡԷ֡
ŷڵʵԲ쾳ǿߣͻȻ֣˶Էһֲ쾳ĸ֣һ㷴ӦĻᶼûС
˭Ԫ˻أʱŭˣͬʱһľΪ̫ǿˣ۽ߣ֣ǰȻһоûС
Ԫɴ۾Źŷ磬¶һĨɱ⣬ССһ߾ʿȻҳ֣
Ѫָۣ˹
һ̣һɨ˹ٴα顣һŷ֣ǹŷķ֮󣬴ֻأٴα쾳ǿߵ
ʲô쾳ǿߣ¶𾪵ɫп֪Լ鷳ˣԷȻܹʵͬˣһĻ͵Ϯ˵Ķ֡
뵽һĨ⡣
㵽˭Źŷ磬Ԫ񷢹⣬ҪѪ⣬һ䣬ЩѪȫһ档
Ѫ⣬汾Դ˵㲻һֱ𣿡÷֣¶һĨЦ
÷֣Ǹ쾳ǿߣʱ¶һĨȻɫ˵Ȼڳ֣壬ѾˣҲи˵ϣˣαء
Ļ÷¶һĨɱ⣬˵ΪЩˣΪҲ֪ڵˣҲμС
ǣǿЦ˼ӶѣڵӣҲֻЩӳˣǣ𣿡Ǹ쾳ǿЦ÷г˲м
ɫ֮¶һĨŪ÷Ц˵Ϊӥôģ
÷ĻǸ쾳ǿһ̲סʵɱģ
ˣɱġŷı忪ڣ¶һĨЦͻȻȳһֶϻꡣ
ʱ쾳ǿߣո۳һµ壬ŷ֣Ҫסʧˡ
һֶϻ޽⣬ʵԽŷ磬ˣĻ˭Ҳһֶϻ֮
ѪȾأ쾳ǿЩץٴα򱬣ѪȾ񷡣
һΣԪܵ˴ˣǼص˺Ѿв֮
еˡǸ쾳ǿߴϳ˹ŷݡ
֮еǿߣڵĵˣ壬Ҳǵĵˡ뵽ֱӳ˳ȥҪϢȥ
֮һԻɱ쾳ǿ߽磬ϢǴȥ𶯰
˵һǳĵطʵǿȴһЩǿߣǵս޵У֮ܶУꡣ
߲ˡŷЦһ㶼ġ
ǿּߵͨٴαʩչˡ
쾳ǿߵɴ۾ʵȹŷ£ŷǲܽץġ
ڣȴŷһץ˻Щץ


1863 ȵ
Ԫ񱬷ŷ缤սŷķҲӰսΪһţŷʱк쾳ǿߣȰ»ԤƵҪ硣ʥ죬ŷﵽ쾳ս
ңһ쾳ǿҪǿ١
䡣
һر飬ܶʿȻɫ֮г˾η
Щʿܹܵ쾳ǿ棬ϣǲ쾳ǿȻСǺͺ嫵ȣЩ쾳ǿߵԵúˡ
ܶʱﷶΧ֮ڣһαα𣬱һƬеĵһ֡쾳ǿߣ֮УʵҲǲġ
쾳ǿ֮սǺٷ
ŷսԷһˣһ־Եѹơڵ쾳ǿߣһֱԵ·磬γûгȥ
⼴⣬ѹ쾳ǿߴʩչµͨ
ŷЦһֱʩչ죬ԷĹ֣һͷһ
ڵ쾳ǿ߱飬ŷٴλˡ
Ԫ񰵵ƣԴܵ˿µĴˣʱս˵ʵѾ䵽͹ȡ
ŷ繥ӿֲ󣬷ͱһȻʵǸΣһȴӿֲ
ŷʵѾˣֳһ൱սķȻʵʵҲûľȴ޷۷塣ʵϣҲһⲢһ覵ͨսҵʱ򣬹ŷὫԼ״̬ߵ״̬Ȼ֣սԷ
䡣
ŷ쾳ǿ߼ҴսԷȻѾ˾Ե·磬Ԫ񶼴˼Ρ
գԷ飬ױŷѹ
򿪴ӡŷ÷˵
÷ʱȻһ쾳ǿߣıԴŲСá
˴ӣŷֱӽǸԪС
ڴʱһֻץ˹ضһץУҲС
ãڵһϵĹ÷ɫ
޷
ŷ֪ǶԷͨû
֣ŷֱʩչһ˲սֱһ˳ȥǿǸײһ𣬹ŷһѪ
ֻǸҲ飬ܹ
ŷһ÷˷ӴܡֻƬڸԼϢȻо
ŷ֪Լ鷳ˣһϼһұˣо޴Σա
һ֣߳ͷɢŷ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
ǳֵʱȫ飬ɽӲȫʧ
ԶǸǳط⣬סߵŭһǿ߳ݣȻһɳζΧ˿֮УȴһĨη
ǳеĳȵһʵǳǿ쾳ǿߣ٣ȸղǸϹ
֮е飬ȤȻɱڵһ쾳ǿߣҪȥȵʧڳǽ֮ϣȻ׷˹ȥ
ŷǷӶݣһıŵˡΪǸ쾳ǿߣʵ̫ˣԽղŵǸˣʵ̫ǿˣӦֱȽǿƵ쾳ǿߡִڣŷûκġҪѣǱȽѵġ
ȻŷͻȻоԼȻʧˣǱʲôһǶһۣԷеľȡ
ô£ŷ̲סʵ
֪ʲôǿ֣߳ǸϽߣǼһʵܿ£һ׷ϣ߾ˡ÷˵Ȼʶ
Ҫ֪ղǸŷɱ쾳ǿߣ÷ֶ˵ϡ˵ղŵǸߣǲ
ŷͷСֻƬϢȻ
ǲ֪ǣȵ֣ǵסȵһɱ⡣
֪ղŵķߵʲô𣿡ͷɢȵ˵
Ļȵҡͷһ޹˵Ҳ֪˵Ļʲô˼ղֻǸܵϤϢˣΪأû뵽ȻH֪Ͳ׷ˣǻ
ɴ۾ŭ⣬ɱããʵʣȵն
ȵûʱƤЦ˽ҲΪѣ֪;ĹϵܺãǾѾʧ˲֪£ûбҪΪһҲѾ˵ļһڣңȻǸˣҲδǾѣҪ۾ȵ˵
ȵһ㯣ҡҡͷ˵Ĳ֪˵ʲôҿǷ˰ɣˣ㣬ˡ
תҪߣȴסȵȥ·
㲻ˣ߲ˡĶȵǿޱȡ


1864 ֮
ĻȵЦЦһһۣɫҲԼҵĶ𣿡
ߡ
ߣֱӳ֣ʵ֤һС
ȵмһȻһɫĴӾȻһģһֻⲻ֣ع
춯أ˵ȵ;֮Ĺϵĺܲһ㡣
Ҳû뵽ȵֱӾͶ˱һ⧲ֺͶعײһǲһֱֱ۶ˣָͷǷ˳ȥ
Ȼû׼֮£ͶعӲһ£˵һ޴Ĵ
ŭһɢŵͷһ
ȵӶعֱ˹ȥǿƶԵǿӲĹԷͷ

ͷȫ飬ȵЦɱȻ㻹Լܹս𣿡
˵ţϵĶûͣع񷣬أȥ
һͷϸһһǿĹסĹ
˼սһĶֶΣ˭Ҳûа취κζԷ໥ӣԷеı䡣
յ飬ҲƽϣϽȻĻɱڵЩޡȵɫ䣬˵Ļ
ңɴ۾һŭ
ȵûж˵ֻǺǺһʲô˼ǳס
һŭȵɱһˣĳǳء
㣬Щ˺Ҳûʲôϵȵν˵һ㶼⡣
һǸǳȻȵģˣȴȵ֮һϵûС
ȻĽǸǳˣҲûһãвȵ
ŵĲͣҲЩΣʵ൱ȵȴһûκθΨһһǳأлûһ˺йϵ
ȴڣӣ涼ͽͽȻԸ⿴Щ˱ɱ
뵽һתߣȴ˹ϣһΡǾˣȵȴһ㶼ں
ƲƲ죬м˵װʲôΪ˵һ仰ܹһӣȥ㣬㡣
˵꣬ȵʧ
صڣ̴һϢ
֮Уǿ߹ǿһ𣬿ɱ쾳ǿߣ¶һĨЦֻҪϢȥ϶ֹһطҪ
ܶطˣҪ
ŷ뿪Զһط£һɽͨɫŷҪ߽ȥ㱻÷һס
Ҫȥ÷һ
ŷЩɻ󣬸ΪʲôأһϢϮ˹ŷüָᵯǵϢײһ
һ̣ŷ絹ˣ˺öಽǺһȻЩȡ
һסΣٿָȻѾ۶ˡҪ֪Թŷ֮ǿҪ۶ָҲҪ쾳ս
ŷҪʲôȻô
һӰһԼ֮䣬ŷ翴ĳһε飬ֻĿɭɭģɨ˹ŷһۣȻ̲סһ
ŷһĳԾˣ̲סʵǵʲô
÷ҡͷʾԼ֪źɫĴɽ˵֮أ쾳ǿߣҪУҲں̵ܶʱڱɱк۷ʱһϹеģҲû߳
÷Ļŷ絹һ
ֵطҲʵ̫ˡ۷ϹпУ̫аˣҺøղŹŷṳ̂ȥ
ĻҪµĹ
ĽأôγɵĲֻ֪Ҫ֪һˣǾǾԲҪС÷ŷ硣
ģҿɲҶġŷͷǳ棬ЦΪϹжп䣬ֲʲô汦Ȼȥ
÷ŵͷ֪ŷȥԼĸˡ
ͽܣôֵСˣһ֮ʲôܽȥģҲܹеõԵءһϷʵ𣬶ʱùŷըëˡ
ȻǿߣϢгǵߣҶԷ˵ŷ÷ˣûзֶԷ
ǺȻҪ
ʱһӰǵǰһŨĳ˿Լıӣȵһ˵ú£Ҳǵĵˡ
ŷ÷һۣԷо裬ȻɣͻȻһİǿߣȻ³⡣
˭ŷ̲סʵ


1865 ϴ
ŷ⣬ȵЩ˵ǴͽܣȻʶңʵ̫òˡ
˭ŷЩĪ
ȵ÷ͻȻ˵ϳˡ
֮УȵǱȽģʵжΪȵݡܶ˼ȵ̲סҪ̲סԶһ㡣
ʶң÷ȵ÷һۣͻȻЩ˵
Ļ÷ͷûзԼݡ
û뵽㾹Ȼҳ֣ѵ֪˶㣬Ҫ㣬һû˵ĵطһֱţΪָ˲ųҲʡ׷ɱǱǿȵҡͷ˵
ŷ߹һŻĳζŷֱű뿪
óŷ̲ס˵
ζʵ̫ˣеܲˡ
Ҳ̫ûʲôƷζ˰ɣǳƷζأûн̺㡣ȵҡͷЩ̾Ϣ
ùŷûнյԼĴУȻĻô޷ԼϷɧء
絽˭ŷ̲סʵ
÷¶ɫŷ֪ģ磬ȵȴ˵ŷĵӣЩ⡣
ѵȵĴ磬ͬ磬а
ûкңҴǾ𡣡ȵЩˡ

ŷһ˰죬ȻСܡȻ̲סȵһۣû˵ǼһͽأȫҶͽܡ
һ£ȵЩ⣬Źֵ˵㲻ǣ
ŷı֣ʵе̫ˣĵӵĻӦòŶԡϾʦϰأֻҪˣҲżһ㲻ǾԲǰ֡
ԣȵãԼܲ´ˡ
ŷҲǾĴˣһѵĺˡ
ȻĴȵ֪Ļ϶ץġ
ȻǣǸһҲӣŷЦ˵һǿƵӣȵɫŹ֡
ȵУŷʵĲˣپԱȲϾȫʢʱڵľУŷ˵һϣΪ
ǾһһĴڣȻ˵Ļ
㵽ʲôˣȵŹŷ磬ʵ
÷ɫŹ֣̲ס˵ŷǾϴ󡣡
÷Ļȵɫһŭȵ˵˵
µϢȵϱ÷Զ÷ŭȵģҪȫʢʱڵңҺҰ
ŭˣǱ׷ɱȻֱȵˣ÷˵ֱ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ҲһǿĴڣȻĻ涼ˣɱ汾Դԣ÷ʵǷǳ߰һˣһѹƣȻЩܲˣڱ
ƴһսҲҪٵĵ÷ŭʩչȫƣܹٵȵĵǽȴ䡣÷ʱҲǱˣͲǽˡ
ŷ翴÷һۣû˵Ҫ嶯
ŷĻ÷һȻȻƽˡ
һĻȵӶɳˣ÷֮䣬ȻϤҲһʲôӵˣ֪ʲôǴʱŷֻһ仰㲻˵ˣ⳹ȵ
ΪʲôģȻΪҲһǿߣûбҪһΩǴӰɡȵ𾪵˵
÷Цſһȵм˵ʲôҽݴ磬ȻҪġ
ʲôȵˡ
ţ㽫Ϊѹڴ죬һսˡ÷Ц
˹ŷһۣȵ֣ŷʵҲڵ졣ֵǣȻ޷ŷ絽ʲôǴۣҲǻߡ
΢΢ԥһ£ȵ˵ͷŷ˵дд衣
á
ŷûԥ
һ̣ȵΪֱͣӽ˴죬ҲǹϣһԥûС
ȵȳָ֣仯һ쵶ֱ䡣
֮䣬ȫǿµĵݺύһС
ŷվﲻֱҪնԼϣһ壬Щȫʧ
ȵ֣Ҳûնŷ磬ŷָһ˻ȥ
ȵԼ֣һƬĹͷѾ۶ˡ¶𾪵ɫԷֻһȻǿز
Ҫ֪ܹΪ쾳ǿߣ˵ͬ޵УҲ࣬ͬһսͬĴڣȻĻǼ޵еġ
ڣͬһսȵȴ·磬ǹŷĶ֡


1866 
аšȵȵ˵
ȵĻ÷ȴ¶һĨ֪˵ɫΪ˽ŷսȻʥ죬һս쾳ǿߡ
ǵľҲһ㡣
˵ȵʵȵ;ȣŲСĲࡣȻ쾳Ϲʱ򲻵òϣĴڵġ
ؿ˹ŷһۣȻ
лһӣݺݵŷ˹ȥⲻǶعֻǻγѡ
ŷоһһǸը飬ȵˣȻһƨ˵ϡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣȵĿ̲ס³֣̬
ڷˣǰ˸еȫһȻ죬ʵѾԽۡ
ңܿܽ쾳ս
Ǽ侪˵ģ뵽ȵ÷һۣЩȵ˵ղǸڵ쾳ǿߣɱģ
˵ͷ÷˵ڵʵܹǿߣͲ쾳ǿߵĶ֣ǹŷ֣ɱ˶Է
÷Ļȵһؿ˹ŷһۣ̲ס˵ˣϴ󡣡
ŷʵòţֿµʲô飬Ƿǳġ
ţʱҲûӿµսɡ
Դӽ쿪ʼҲСˡŷͻȻٺһЦ
һ£ȵ̲סЦȻ죬СܣʵȻұϾ쾳еĶǿߡ
ȵһԷƱˣǹŷǾϴ󣬵ϹŷϴҲǲܵġ
Ͼŷû۷ʵ
ҪȡɣȻҲ֪ﵽʲôĿģҪ㣬·Լһһ߳ģټˡȵ˵תߣʧڹŷǵǰ
ŷ̲סһۣԸæȻ˵̡
ϧһСܾˡŷ̲סҡͷ̾Ϣ
ŷ÷Щû뵽ŷ羹ȻҪԷΪСܡʹҲǿߣǴʱ̲סզ࣬ڹŷǸо𺳡
ֲ𶼳˹ŷСܣһһҲȷʵ
ˣȻԸ⣬Ҳǿˣߡŷ˵ûκԥҪһط
ʱڣȥˡΪε飬Է϶ˣȥĻľ͵ء
ŷǲôɵԷȻҲɵһ׼ˡ
ƿ֮أһĿϹȥ
ڣһ쳣ǿɣڶҪǿ˵ʵһЩǿĵطġ࣬ȫѪ֮ǿ󣬾֮
Խ˺ܳһ·ڼҲޡ쳣ǿЩǴ˲֪£ʱŷ˶Ǳӡŷ级Ȼ޵ʵһЩ쾳еļǿĴڡ
ϧҪЩ̫ˣĿץסһЩҩŷЩϧ˵
ЩޣֻдΪûʲôôҪǲĻʵҲޡ÷ҡͷϿɹŷĻ
ԹŷһЩ˽⣬֪ŷ֤ΪûƿףνûƿûͿͻƣսȴźܴӰ졣
Щ޵ľԪҲܹٵ磬ûӦĵУŷľ粻һսҲޡ
֮ͬ޵е״̬δܹס
ŷҲֻǸ̾һ¶ѣ磬ܶк֪ЩԲġ
ǵٶȣʮ·ڡ
ǳǵǣǿ߻ۣһܺգʮǿ߸Ƿʲô˵һ
ûгǳأһ޴ɽ֮ϣн貣ͷŲĹԣľ
˲û뿪ǿ̫ˣ˭Ҳ֪᲻ܹϳݵˡ
ãŷԼǶôӢˡΪ̸ۣ˵һǿߣɱ쾳ǿߣ÷һϢڴġ
赶ɱˣһ̫ˡ÷ҧгݡ
û뵽ȻὫϢ
ŷȴ̲ס¶һĨЦݣ˵㲻ӦֲŶԣӦøоҡ
ŷĻ÷Щɻ
ϧֶΣҲҪɵǣǡ˵һ⣬ǳ˼ɵҲ˵ǣֵø˵飬ŭʲôŷоȻ͸һɸˡ
һǴ鷳ˡ÷ҡͷ˵
ʲô鷳ģ˻뵽ǻ𣿡ŷһĨЦ


1867 Ѿͷ
÷һ£Ȼ̲ס۾ˡȷʵû뵽ǻڣΪ˶֪ںǿ֮һţŷǳ¡ʵԶԶԽڣǿ
һЩʵһ棬δرȵĹڡ
Щ˾ۼʲô÷̲סʵ
ŷ¶һĨ𾪵ɫȻؼ
ôˣ÷ȵʵ
ֻƬһֻƬҪֻƬŷ˵һϲ
ŷĻ÷ɴ۾
ʵֻڸ涼д˵ֻ֮ϣǴҹϵġ
õֻأƿز
ңŷӵһöֻƬֻƬǶô÷Ѿоˣֳе棬Ȼ쾳֮еĶǿߣ޷
õһֻƬڵõһ챦÷뷨ãֻƬ챦Ҫء
ôˣҲ֡÷Щġ
Ͼ̫ˣԽǵǿҲҪֻƬʵе̫кʵʡ
÷ĻŷЦһ˵ģֻƬڱصá
ŷһŵӣ÷·Ҳܵ˸Ⱦ˵ͷɻĹŷ磬һַǳ˵˲˹ŷĻ
ԣ˷ǡŷһоһֱעӵĸо
ŷתһʮŮһɫȹӣʱŹŷ磬ϴһĨ⡣
ߡ
ŷԥתߡ
ȥ뿪
ֱŷ뿪֮ǸŮ̲סҡͷ˵оˣѵҸоˡ
飬ղֻһо˹ŷ硣
Ů߹ʱ򣬺ܶʿɫ䣬ֱӸÿ·Щ쾳֮ΪǿߣҲһڱһ
ɫɵŮ֮˶һ仰˵
ôˣѵҲӭ𣿡ŮӿһۣͻȻֹס˽ŲȻһ߾һ֣˵λ˧磬شһҵ⡣
Ǹ߾һɫ԰ףȻתܡ
һɫϢ׷Ȼû֮С߾ǿߣһ˲仯һ̯ѪˮʧԪˡ
ܶǿȫɫ䣬ϽӿѪˮϡ
Ѿͷˡһ쾳ͻȻ۾ŮӲ˵
ѾͷŮӣһЦǸ˵ѵϹǰʲôҪָĵط˵ɡ
֮䣬һźɫϢ֣ղŵɫϢˡ
ǸϹǰˣֱӱͣʲô˵ˡһǶѾͷҲûʲôð취
ԷʵһµĶЩϹﶼܹв
ϹԱ˰ɣͶѾͷòҪǸ˵ӣöۡһ̲ס˵
ͷɫͷ׳˶Ե÷ǳǿ
ʨӣҲҪЦңѾͷ𣿡ϹЦ˵
ûôŮӵ˵޹ʳ⣬µСϴһĨ̵Цݡ
֮£Ϲ֮˵ǿء
ֵϹЦˣŽߣ˵㻹˵ңԼҲѾͷӺˣ˿ˬ
ĿŮһۣʨӵǿЦѾͷӿڳСĳ⡣
ҪɱãʦҪԺʨͷоŸͷҽȫժˣ͸ʦԡѾͷ˵һ˫ƯӣھͷʨӵϣһȤ
ͷʨӵԴǳģɳԲãӣҪҪԵĻץͷʨӵǵԴ϶ǳģۣýһӢΰӳ֣Ůӵ֮дŰĽ
ӱֱҡͷ֪ŮӵԼǺһҲ޸ܵġ
ҾʦӦøϲ⡣ѾͷЦӣ
Ļɫһ̲ͣסЦӣҪ𣿡
ּУûбҪҼãҪɱ㡣Ѿͷ˵
Ļһ䣬Ӿȥ
ܹɱ֪˶ٴˡӿڣĹЩȻ˵
ȻĽѾͷҲҪõŮˣһֱǲܵģʱӦǿһ㡣
ˣλҪˣƽɣǿڻһʲô˵һžǿòޱ飬мϡࡣ
֣û뵽Ҳˡһϲ


1868 쾳
һۣεͷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ڵϷѾͷˣҲԼ
ѾͷûǷʵ֮УܹɱҵˣʵࡣȻ˵
Ȼ겻Ǻܴ󣬵ʵȴǷǳǿģڳˣ˿
⵹ǲѾͷʵֵܻǲģҪҪǸˡ˶Ѿͷһۣε˵
׳ա
Ѿͷɨһۣ¶һĨЦ
ɫһ۾ЦѾͷҿûֵܵһ飬֪ʲôϧ㲻ҪңȻĻɱ˵練ơ
ɫ֮г⣬ŶѾͷɱȻ
һۣѾͷ¶һĨЦ
ǿƣں㹻ĵͷϣϢȻһɫʣȻڳʿΪǿߣҲЩ벻ѾͷĶӿˡ
칦̲סһ顣
Ǵ˵еһŹ棬Զ۷壬ɨ򣬼ûж֣һںųµһһϴڣĹ˵˼㡣
칦ֶ֣ѾǴﵽһ侪˵ĵزˡ
칦ɱԣѾͷЦ
β˵Ϊûʵ칦ʵѾԽˡ
ϲġ
Ѿͷ˵
ѾͷĻɫѿҲɫѿȻû뵽ѾͷʵȻѾﵽΡ
Ů˵ʵ˵ġɾվһһòͨһ˴
Сһ㣬ղֻƬˣڲٴηǰɣһЩĵ˵ɫ֮дһĨš
˲Ǳˣǹŷ÷
òͨǸǹŷ磬һ˱÷
ŷ紫÷ʮ䣬ʵȻױıԼϢȫ֣ȻĻѷǵϢ
ԲᣬΪʦķʲôԵĴͨİɡŷظ˵
ŷĻ÷ڷˡŷʦ𣬿϶ǴܣϾŷʵء
֪ŷʦ޳ͨʱ򣬲ɾǿߣҴڸŷͨʱҲֻ¾ͲôˣԻëȻˡ
ĴڣȻܶǿͨоסϾΪءΣɱȻ
ֻʮ䣬ŷڣʵѾԽǰĿƿ¡
ﴫȴ˿ϰˡͻȻĿŷˣǳС˵ʲô
ĺǳ⣬ŷȻף˵ĴԷˡֻʵȻܽȡǵĴϾ˵ʵһ쾳ǿߣһ쾳ΪˡʵȻԷҪȡǵĴǰ»ǸεĴڡ
ǰЩˣȻûʵ
ƨ¡ŷ絭һЦ³仰
˶סˣ˭Ҳû뵽ǰŻĴڣȻҺһ쾳ǿô˵
˵ĺáѾͷ̲סһʡ
ŷӦɫ࣬Źŷ磬ŭ쵰һϣҺ˵
Ŀڹŷϣſµɱ
ɵơ
ŷٴ³֣Ŀɿڴ
ڳǿߣԴ֮жЩ͵أô͵ˣȴûмʵ̫ţˣȻһ쾳ǿΪɵơ
һǿͷ
ŷȻԼơ
ɫ࣬ŭˣһαƣǵô˵档
ɱ
һһֻ£Ҫɱŷ硣
ŷЦһȻһȭݻսϢȴȻϢ
ŷȻδȫ֣ǿ֮£ʩչԼµĹ
ϡ
Цŷ縲Լ֮£һֺֻȻ¡
ײȣݺᣬ׽ŷû
˶Щϧŷ类ɱˣܶ˶Ϊǲãһʿںһײ֮£ܹסԼ
ǽǵϡ
ϳһĨȻɫ˶֪ûԼеô򵥡
Ȼûйáһ˳֣Ǳˣǹŷ硣
ûܵκƣֻϢЩңͷɢң·Ҳ˺ѡ˶ˣŷûκ飬ûˡ


1869 
̲ס󺰣ܡ
ŹŷڿһһϣȻסһȻЩǱȴûܵκ˺
ûʲôܵģ̫̫ǿŷ絭˵ԣɫࡣ
ССϣҵסһȻ˵ȥŭٴγ֡
ϳһͷӰ¡
ǿ񷣬һֿµľӰǿܻɱۣȻ쾳ǿߣҵŷ΢΢һЦһûӲӣڹȥδ֮䣬Խ޾£ͷմдδ˺ŷ硣
𾪣Ƕʱһĳ̶ȣܹʩչͨڹȥδĹȻ
ȻҲܹһУֻҪֵ㹻ǿ󣬱ԷȥδԽʱյˡ
ߡ
ŷͻȻʧʱ䳤Ӷϡ
ԣҪصȥɱĹȥͻȻɫһ䣬
ǰһʿȻ˼֡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˫ֽӡɱȥҪŷ硣
ơ
һȻĹʵϣʱյ򣬲Ƿǳ˹ʱ䳤Ӷϣû̫
ŷ磬ڳǿʱһĸ֡
ǲ
һ̣ϳƣֱըԪ񶼳ơ
˶ԾȻǸʿҵĹȥһɱĹȥȻĻֱ֡
ǣһ쾳ǿ˵ѻɱΪ㹻ǿ󣬱ųƲ࣬ȥȻնɱȴ
ŷ֣ɫɣ¶һĨЦ
ʱתֻأɱŷʩչֻͨأֻʱ֮۳С
ͨǺǿ󣬵ǼϹŷֻص򣬾㹻ˡ
Ӧɫ䣬ʱܵвʵϣӦõģŷʵҪɱȴܵġ
ֻǣʱֻʣԪͨһ㱣ϡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֱӳ֣Ҫŷͨ

ѾͷͻȻһֶȫȥ
Ȼζɫֶȫ˹ҲסӲĻִ⣬תȥͲӲֶ
ʱҽУԪ񰵵վ쾳ǿߣջǳ˳
γֱ֣ӽԪץԼߣǺѣȻ䡣
һĺСζŹŷ磬˵
ʱԪ񰵵ʧνǲأǻָ˹ҲҪٵϵΪ
ŷɫ΢΢Щϧһ͸ɵһ쾳֡εĻһЦ˵һ쾳ǿߣס죬ˣҲǻá
ŷĻ̲סͷرЩ쾳ǿߣǾãʵ̫ˣһǿߣ򲻹һСľͬŷ˵һʹɵˣҲǻˡ
ߣ̫ˣɸҺһսʵ
һۣѾͷ˵Σսһʿѵö𣿡
Ǻǡ
һЦĿȻڹŷϣ˵һ죬ܹս쾳㲻쳣ҲʲôҲ˵ĴУǳҾͲţЩĶ
Ŀ̰ڹŷϡ
εĻЩ쾳ǿһȫĿ⼯ڹŷϡҲ뷨ϾһʿˣȻǿʵȻܺ档
ʲô˲ĴУĻУԼʵҲкܴİ
ǰʲôһˣʦܹǵ𣿡ѾͷЦһ
˻һȫɫȻ쾳ǿߣǲеΪĴڣǵһµϹǿĻд鷳
ҪҲҪһԼǲ±׷ɱĻԳ֣ҲǣԸѾͷ˵
˼ʶ֪üͷһ壬ͻȻʵ
ǿһǺͶѾͷнˣ˲Ƕ֪Ѿͷʦ쳣ֲѾͷ˵ǰǿߵʦȻû˵䣬ˣͶѾͷʦҲһˡ
ǸĴڣǵﲻ


1870 °
ѾͷÿɷǣŷҲһЦݣֻ俴˶ѾͷһۣһĨЦ⡣
ڳǿ߶ЩʲôˣǶʱһ֪ǰһ˲ֻǲ֪ͻȻʲô㣬ȻԸ˵ԼǿղſȻͶѾͷ֮䣬ǲʶ
Щ˶ǲ֪˶೤µϺ꣬һǹһ֪Լʵŷˣ⣬ʵǿǸģֻŷݼʵ̫ˣЩϺ궼ƭȥˡ
ˣһĿģ໥ڧģΪֻƬҪκˡͷʨӿڣ˵Ļ
ʵϣڣǱû̫ĵ
Ȼ˲ٸ֣лǿߣڵʵҲǷǳ˵ģһսԶԶڵĸ֡
ԣǲڧȻĻֻ֮ʵ
һվû˵
Ҳ֪ΪҪģֻ֮Ƭ
ҿΪƣ˲ָԭ״̬ʧΪܹ޸ŷͻȻڣ˵Ļ˳Ծ
˵ģ̲סüͷɵĶŹŷ磬¹ŷ֣
ΪֻƬҲĴҵʵȻʵãǻƷأֻƬѡңҴ㽫κãĻͿԶһ֣Ҫǲңλǰæţ֪ҵ׻᲻ֽˣҼӺλǰһ֣һɱŷ絭˵
ŷĻЩĶ
ָɫȴЩףⰵȻܵشŷĻ֮Ͻҡͷ˵Ҫɱҡ
ʱȴҡͷ˵õģȻ˵Ļͱʾһ֣ãҴӦ
ʲôԾҪ˵һЩʲô
ȴһҪ˵ŪֽţֻҪָΪǵõֻƬļʣʹ˺ܶࡣ
Ͷ˶վû˵κλ
һĻε˵ͷŷ˵ְɡ
Сϣ㲻ҪŪʲôֽšͷʨǣҲǶǵУҲЩ棬Ҫ֪ŷ絽Ҫôʲôӵͨһ쾳ĸ֣˵״̬֮£ָ۷ʱڵΪ
ŷͷЦ˵ǰģλǰǰ϶Ūʲôֽŵġ
ŷ˵ͷʨ¶ɫ
ɡŷ֡
΢΢ԥһ£վ˹ֻɫ֮СЩģŹŷ磬˵ǧҪʲôֽš
ġ
ŷ絭һЦ
ʲôֽţǲǳأŷûôġɲΪԼһ쾳ĵˡ
վĶŹŷ磬ʱ򣬹ŷҲˡ
һԪŷûСŷһ˫ϣ֣һص·ȫ档
վüͷ΢΢ȴʲôû˵ֻǶŹŷĶ
Щ쾳ĸ֣ҲŹŷĶϣŪʲô۶ӡϾŷѾ˱֤ǳĻڵڴǵء
ԪȫûС
˶𾪵ķ֣ϢڲͣĻָ֮Уٶȿ쵽˼㡣ŷɫȻͣĳ֣塣
˭ûз֣ԼҲһмϸ΢Ԫ֮Уջһӡ
ַӡԲʹԼɨԼԪҲܷ֡иΪǿˣֹܹŷµֶΡ
ŷ粻֪ǣѾͷվһߣ֮о˸ڹŷϣܵһϤϢ
ңŷֶΣС
ҽɡһͷѾͷѾ׹ŷˡ
֮Уеʿﵽҽɵľ磬ųʲôҽΡ
һʲôˣȻһ˽֮УͷѾͷа
˵ûз쳣ֻŷɫ֮УһĨ𾪡ʲôֶΣȻ˿ֲ˲һǿߵˡ
һХŷͻȻ֣ȭͷײһ
ŷ絹ˣûܵ˺˵˶Ѿͷߣ˵Сˡ
ɱϡ˵
ղȫָʱŷ֣Ҫɱֻû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ׼סһ
Ĺ޹¾Ҫɱŷ硣һΪŷ磬˴ӣҪɱ˹ŷ磬ѪϴԼܵĳ衣


1871 
ͷʨûֹֻǴӦùŷΪƣҿŹŷ粻񡣵ȴûдӦҲҪŷ硣
ȻŷƵֶΣǾ棬ȻûбҪΪһʶС
ŷɫһ
ɱңһҲٴ⣬ҪЦ޴צҪŷ顣
ɱ
ŷȣٻ罣ɱȥ
ʵײצӡȻŷ絹˳ȥһͷ˲䴩Խ޾ռ䣬Ȼ뿪ĹΧ
ı仯̲֮סȵ˵
ЦٴŷȥԼŷ磬Ҫɱŷ硣
ߡ
ŷЦ֮Ҳе֣Ϊʳ壬ơ
ɫͻȻһֵֻ̿ĸоеĸоʹΪ쾳ǿߣҲ޷ָо
գ£޴צӣֱץһѪ⡣
Ҫ
ǽͬӵм٣ֱӷ˳ȥȻٴθһֱץ
ҽУѪͬһӣӸ߿֮
֮Ѫ쾳ЧǷֻǣŷ޷ܣΪӣȻѪ
ܶʿռЩѪŭ޸ԼȻ֣Щʿɱ˹ȥ
ЩʿɫϽȥȻˣҲв˱ɱ
ŷ绯Σŷ绯Σɱŭ˼㡣
ڴʱѾͷֱӳ֣ס
ˣ־絽˽㻹òˣѾͷ˵֮дһĨмͱġ
Ѿͷ㲻ҪңȻһɱŭ
ĻѾͷ¶һĨ̵ЦݣЦ˵һСսڣ㶼δռκαˣھȻҪ֣㲻ö𣿽飬ΪֹҪĻҪȥھͳȫ㡣
ΪʲôҪŭ˼㡣

Ѿͷش
Ļ˶һȻСǶѾͷܶңҺûг֣Ȼһˣûһô
˵ģɫѿ
ŲšѾͷȻûĸ͡
һ˹ŷһۣٳ֣ԼϢߵߡ
ڳˣܹоڵбǳĲʹ졣ȻҲǱȻģ˭ľ϶᲻ʹ죬ǱϾ֮УΪǿ֮һ쾳ǿߡ
ʱһ𣺡Ƕ֮ʲô𣿡
ȫעйȥһɫ۵ӣ˳ĿȻǿߣĿˣȻ쾳ǿߡ
ɫ۵ӣ겻󣬹ŷ翴ĳδ쾳ֻ˵ϣȴһ쾳ǿ߲ܹĸо
һ쾳ȴ쾳սˡ
ŷоһȻ֪սˣ϶ֹԼһˣǵļһ̲֮סЩԾ
Ĵ˶ԷۣԷȻҲܵŷĿ⣬һ˫ӣɨ˹ſµɱ⡣
ŷòãǸɫ۵ǿ߶ӣ֮Ул𻨱䡣
һĻڳϹ̲סԾ
ɫ۵ӣΪڵʵ죬лɱ쾳սңΪûн쾳
ʹڳЩǿߣҲЩɵһսĻûбʤİաʱŷ֮ϣ񲻷£̲סԾŷ񣬶Щһˡ
졣񿪿ڣ˵һ䡣
ҲǺܲŷҲڣһЦ
ʱս죬˿ѾõĶһ
һս˵
˾ãĶսˣŷ϶һս˶û뵽ǣŷֻƲƲ죬˵Ժ˵
ۡ
úܶҪѪ֮䣬һڶŵӣΪŷӦء
˭뵽ŷ˵Ļ
Щ쾳ǿߣȴŷ磬һսŷĳͷ񣬶ҪΪڻңȻԸ⡣
սѡΪġ
ܴ̲ס˵ŷ񣬸ӳȤˡ
һˣǵһӦ̫ˣЩѲ
Ļŷ絭һЦû˵˵˺棬ŷǻˮ㣬ԼǰڵʵȻΪһͷ


1872 ݱ¶
ʲôĿɨЩ쾳ǿߣڲ쾳ĴڣֱӺˣˣ˵ûκв
ʻڵ˾ȻΣ˵ֻƬڸֻҪһ»Եģûڵ˼
δ˵ֻƬ֮гģ˵ڸǾӵȨˡ
ֻƬҪֻƬڵĶ֮ûκιϵǿˡ񵭵˵ĿɨΣûκ
仰˵ľЩ˰ɣЩ棬˭Ҳ˵ֻƬǵģȴ˵ĻоеЦ𣿡ЦͬĻ
ܴˣЦĿⶢסΡ
һףԷҪԼأŷͷҲһͬͷ
һЦ˵ңֻڳλѣ뷨ǺһĶѡ
ǽ˶ˮһڡ
ƾЩҲҪֻƬû˵һ쾳ǿ߿ڣɫм
һߣǳڳʿ
֮Уһɣʵǿ󣬿һЩ棬㹻ĵ
ǿǰЩ쾳ǿߣΪڳǿߵʵ˵Բǿ
˵ʲôڳǿߣǴŭرǾͷʨǣ쾳ǿߣȻ˵ɷβ
Ŀ⣬Ǹ쾳ߵϣɱȻ
һȺҪɱΰǾͳ֣ҵҪ֪ǵûǸʵЦĲм
ΰһ˵֮˶̲סԾ
һǳǿƵ쾳ǿߣ֮УŲСͷڳ쾳֮УûмĶ֡
ֻǣΰѾܳʱûгܶ˶ã⣬Ȼˣȴû뵽Ȼţ䡣
ʱһ˵Լ֣ʱסڳһȺǿߡ
ŷƲ죬ΰûǿˣʵҲô¡ȻŷȻ˵վһߣ۲졣
ףֻϵЩˣǿ϶Ҿۼںǿһţ˵ģʵ
ΰΣǵõ˭𣿡һЦ֮Իһǿߡ
Ӧ졣ΰһɱǸǿߡ
û뵽㻹ǵңǱӴܵʱôûİѵ޾¹ȥˣѾ½ʰ𣿡Ӧ쵭˵
νӦ죬࣬һͷͻҲֻ֣һͻȴߵһ֣ͨһ۷壬ʵӦΪֲġΪܵĥѣʵ̫ˣǲףͻƵ飬ǿ󡣲Ӧ죬δɱңҵ˵ڵģҵȵġΰ˵ǰһӦ졣
ûֹڣڳЩǿߣҪһսԼķȨ
ӦԸͷΰҲڵǿߣһԵȵս
ȻΰӦܣ޾¹ȥˣĿܣҲϮⶼǷǳ顣
ŷµĶˣ쾳ǿս϶ܾʡ
ȻҲ쾳ǿսǹĦ˵սȴҲǳҪܹԼĴҲܹһЩ
սĺܿ죬˵Ļ䣬ͬһʱ֡
Ӧ컯ͻβͺɨֲֿܣֱ챦
ʱΰҲγһͷƽӣݵĶӦһ
ŷ΢΢ЩԾû뵽˾Ȼս⻹ʲôЩƣԼıӡ
еˡһŷѾͷȥɫ֮г˾衣
ŷû뵽ԼݾȻѾͷˡ
ҪţҶˣûе⡣Ѿͷ
ŷ΢΢ü̲סôҵݵģ
ȻѾͷ˵ˣԼ֮еˣûж⣬طŷ粻ò衣
ΪղųǸ񣬶ҽͨĳ˵ҲһҽɡѾͷ¶һĨЦݡ
Ҳһҽɣŷһ¡оһΪŷҲ֪ҽ֮еĴڣڱУûһϵ
Ҳ˵ǰĶѾͷҲˡ뵽ŷЩԾôܣΪˣ֮Уܹͷ¶棬Ȼе㲻
֮У˶ĵˣҲǵѣǸ֮УԲ̫Ѿͷ˵
ңһԭû˵֮Щ˲鷳ҲΪʦʵǼɵѾͷʦ


1873 Ϣ
һ㶾Ѿͷ˵ŷҲסͬʱӸ̾Ѿͷʦǿơ
Ǹ¹ŷ硣ŷ紫˵Լݡ
Ѿͷɫһ¶ɫ̲ס˵ǹŷ磿
ѾͷĻŷЩ⣬ѵԼֻ֡ǣôܣȻѾͷˣǺȻѾ֮УҪ쾳ǿߣɲһһϦġ
ŷ磬ٶȣƾˡҲһǧʱ䣬Ŵﵽ쾳ս
Ϊ磬ԶءڱˣӲܡ
ԣѾͷ䣬ԲСˡ
ǣԪϵ˵ģвܶ㣬˵εȾޣֻ뿪ʱҲǴ񾳽磬û뵽ھȻѾﵽֿµĳ̶ȵġѾͷ̲ס𾪵˵
ĻŷӾϲû뵽ԼȻӶѾͷĿУԪͲܶǵϢ
ŷ̲סʵ
ʼѧԺһֻźĵطУǸطеˣκ鷳Ѿͷŷ͡
ʼѧԺһʲôڣѵǺͺʥԺһĵطֻǸǿˡϾԪУɼеĲ
ԪĴ߾磬ǰ϶ӵ飬ô¹ȥˣεǿ˭Ҳ
вܶΪ콩ʬҲһʱǿ䣬ĽʬǱӾ޴
ˣҪĵطԵĲ
ʱˣһȥǡŷ紫
Ѿͷ΢΢ͷǲٴΪһЩˣѾעˣԶԶԽΪˣδǵĴ
սڼӦΰȫȾѪǴΣսΣٴΣ»ΣǼҵĲɱľһǿ𶯣ľ
쾳ǿߣսһزδе̫Ѫһ㣬ܶʿоľȫ̲סˡ
ǿߣ֣ƽͻʤǿǶǼΪǿ󣬲ʱײһ൱˭ռˡ
գûսȫ˻ȥ
Ӧ컯һδ󺺣ȫ¡𣬳˱ըԵǴʱȴѪ˿ڡ
ΰҲΣĿɭȻӦϣɫ֮г˵⡣
һսӦĶ֣ݿһܣڣȴһˣȻûнӦսܣ֮һƽ֡
Ӧ죬ΣΰЦʵ
ˣսȥȻɱ㡣Ӧ쵭˵֮гţһͨϻߵڣӦܵĥ̫ˣȴһ޵еţ൱֮£ɱʤһ

ΰЦɫ֮кܲм
ΪƽӣѪǿ󣬾ԼҪԽӦ죬ʱ򣬵ǲƽˡ
֮ǰڵսͿԿˣĳɳٶȣӦҪ졣
ҲҪܳʱ䣬ܹ׳ԽӦ죬ΰںΪΪʿ㹻ʱ䣬ԼɳΪǿˡ
ӦҲںе
ڣ뿪𣿡ӦЦ
ӦĻΰЦֻһ˵ĻǶҪ
Ļǳڳǿ߷СϹ̲ס˵ΰֻƬ֮Ҫռûôס
Ҳ˵ΰɫ䣬סϹ
ֱӳ֣һֻֻƽıצɱϹ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ϲ֪ԼΰĶ֣Ͻһ߶ȥʿȴˣ쾳ǿߣȫɱ
һĻס˺ܶˣɫȻģϽˡ
ȥֲסӦɫһֱӳ֣ƽצ˻ȥ
ǿߣһҺӦǿߣȻĻǵ鷳ʹˡ
ΰӦ쵲˻Ц˵ǷǽǿͷӦ죬ңǿ߲𣿷Ҫڵ鷳ĪҪΪֻˣкܶˣǿö࣬ǲңԻЩ𣿡
ΰʻӦɫ΢΢һ䣬Щѿʲôû˵ȴһĨؼɵ
ȻӦҲǳףڵǿߣȻΰǿкܶˣΰ֮ϡ
һһĵطô򵥵ġ
Ǻǿ󣬵ΰ㲻ҪΪֻЩˡӦԣЦ˵ӦĻǿ֣߳£վھ֮ϣڡ
һ¶Ծɫϵǿߣ¾ۡ


1874 ¾
֮УûǲڣУȴնˡ¾ۣеμնĸ֡
ǵ˵˼㣬һ룬̲סҪ޾֮ǰǿߣʱȴˣڡ
ŷ¶ԾɫĴǿߣһϵϢȰ»ߣ˶٣ѹָڳԼΪ¾ء
ŷ֪նɱġ
£Ųɣû뵽Ȼ˼ǵǡ¾۸̾ɫ֮У޾ĲɣתһȥУ˲ǹʱ⡣
Ŀֲǿߣʵ졣
¾ۣӵֿµĴڣʵ˼㣬е棬ҲǾԵǿߣң˴һжģȻǰ»ߣǣ¶Ҫü
ΰɫѿҲһû뵽¾ۻ֡
ֻƬڿӵеģеߵ֮ڲܹ¾һ˿ڣɱȻ
ǰ仰˵þе˰ɣѵеߣʡ
һ̣ĵĿ⼯ϣըԪ񶼲һɢˡԶԶĶ˳ȥԶ۳壬ɫ԰ף¾ۡ
˶Ծ¾̫ǿˣڵļſڣǾȻһɱڵȫûнڷС
Ҳֻ¾ǿߣ顣
һСȻҲǣ˵ʲôʲô¾ǿƵ˼㣬ǵĿڣһ£һڿڡ
ɫѿȴ˵ʲôˡΪԷ̫ǿˣԶԶܹĿģ˵Ļпܱɱ
ĸ϶ǹ˰ɡһӰ˵ǰͷųԼϣȻ¾ƽɫ
λ档
񿪿ڣڵϡΰҲһɫǼеһ㡣
˶Ծ棬ǶΪĴڣ¾ۣʱȻˣɴ˿ɼ¾۵ӡ
ϼһǾȻû¾ۿڣǺֱܿ˵ĻǿޱȣȻڣҲǺܼɵԵúǿơ
ĸ϶ôҪˣǿ۸һĻ𡣡ڵһ濪ڡ
κ䣬ûн̺ܽһ¡һΣ¾һ𿪿ڣһˣЦɫ֮һĨм
¾֮УСҲ˵ľãǱĸɱֱ̫Цˣ֮еǿߣһͬ죬ôǾȻ¾ԾӣЦ˼㣬ǵЩ֪ˣǿŲС鷳κ˵
Ǻǣɱһݵ֣֮¾۰Ȼ˵
ٷ֮һǧ֮һκɫ
¾ЩŭĿɭȻģκϣŭǵ飬ǹܲ
Ǻǣ߳ŭˣκЦ
¾ȷʵŭˣǶκ䣬ĿɭȻ
ҪսǷ㣬ֻ˵ܲսˣͲһˡκЦɵ
㹻ţԿһǿߡ
Ȼ¾ۣ֮ϣԽǣҲһ
պܽţڳǿߣȫԶԶ뿪ˣǿɲԭأȻ쾳ǿߣҲһּǿ֣߳µ˼㣬һСģпܱпܻ䡣
ߴǿߵնţ˶ǵĶ
ڴʱһ촫ܶ˷˾˵ı仯ǾȻһֻصϣȻҪֻصС
˶Ȼ֪á
Ȼ¾ۺ档ҲǼ⡣ǴתͷȻֱӳ˳
ŷҲһϤֻصһ㣬Ҳڵһʱ˳
÷ŷһ÷˳
ɵӣ߸Ϲﶼע⵽ˣŷ֮дһĨɻֻ֮ѣҪѲСһʿѣȻܹѳ⡣
ԣʥʿκоһͨ˹ŷĵϸ
ʥʿȫһ㶣Ȼ¾ۣڵ棬ȫŷץ˹
˵̤ʥʿĴãǿԴӹŷϣܶණ
ңŷɶӦֻ֮ǻбĲ²⡣
ŷ级Ȼ÷͵һߣȻ˸ڹȥδ֮䣬Ҫǵһ
ǣ߸𶯣ŷ类ּǿߣʵ̫ˣֶΣǸͲںֿƽ⡣


1875 Ͷ
ŷ׼ƴˣҪԼеƣԷȻδܹɹԴС
ǣûеȵŷĳ֣ڵǸɽͻȻѿһ˸عâƷ˳
߸֣˲䳷˻ȥȻץǸ
ŷһѪȻδϣߴǿߵϢҲ˵˹ŷ硣
֪Ǹ˸عâƷӦþֻƬڹŷûһˣץס÷תߡ
ŷڲ뿪Ļһûлߡ
ֻƬǺҪҪĶȴԼС
Ѿͷŷ뿪оһֱ׷ȥ֮˳һҰ֮С
ŷ翴ѾͷҲˣ΢΢Щ⣬Ȼ̲ס˵ʲôӦò֡
ѾͷдͷұʵֻͣҪͽȥ¾ۺڵ棬Ӧòֵġ
ԣŷԶѾͷЩɻ
ǵܿҸҪ㣬Ȼӵ֮еκν䣬ӳǵ׷ģղһ˲䣬ǵ㣬ߵǶܹӦѾͷɫЩż
ѾͷĻŷЩɵۣһ̣гĳ嶯߸ϹһΪģ»ˣɵסԷ׷ɱ
и飬ʱϢٱǷֵļʣǲܱ֤ȫܹܿǣֻûǿѾͷͳһӡ
ӿǳͨȴһϢδ©ŷף飬һƷ
һԼԴЩЦõ˵ӣһˡŷֻƬֱС
ǵϢʧ
֮еߴǿߣʱȴɫ͵һǱΪŷ粻ͳԼƿأȴû뵽ǵȻˡ
Ҳ˵ǴʱȫҲŷ硣
һ㶵ʱֻƬ⻪һȻֱӳǵİΧ
á¾۾
ڵλ棬ҲһɫǸϽ׷˹ȥ
ֻƬ죬Ƕ޷׷һξ룬ߴǿ߾ͣ쳤Хŭ˼㡣
ΪǳʧȥֻƬϢû׷ϡ
쵰Ϊǡ¾ŭ𣬶ʦ
κŭΪ¾۵ĳֻ֣ƬͲߵˡڵǺˣǴ˰죬ʲôû¡
뵽ͬǳŭ
ǲĻ쵰Ӹɵǡκŭɱ˹ȥ
ߴǿߣٴμսһǿأɱѪڡ
սŷȴ̲סɴ۾ΪԶһ⣬ֱûеС
ŷɫһֻƬҵ
Ѿͷɴ۾ŷһֻƬѾܾˣһֻƬȻҲҵ˹ŷ硣
ŵģѾͷкס
ŷ񣬳˹Ź֡˼ҴòĶţһҲ̫һɡ
ȿȣҲ֪ô¡ҲƷðɡŷɿһ
Уʲô飬ΪԼӵֻƬʩչˡЩʿܲϢֻƬԣԶҵԼ
ҲײֻƬջһ
÷ֱŷͶһӵֻƬ֮£ĵǱ˻
Ѿͷɫ֮УȻһĨ˷ܣ֪ŷҪʲôˡץڵĳԱȻΪҩʵ
ŷ˵ʱ򣬶ѾͷֱҪ
ɣҲǳ֣һһ֣ʵ÷͹ŷ綼Ҫǿһ˶ɡ
ڶΪҲĳԱڼȻĵˣûвֵĿܡ
ʵϣЩѾͷɱĵǿߣ಻ʤֻĴɵ⣬ûиҴ
һᣬѾͷȻŹҪ֣ͬʱ͹ŷһ
ǱڵΧǿѾɢˡֻƬߣ˭ҲûдıҪϾǿһǰˣǻɱĻǿ޶ûеطȥ
¾뿪ʱûܹǿߵĴڡ
ŷǱΧûн룬طڲһǿˣ½ȥ֮󣬻⡣
ӵֻƬʱһ𣬹ŷϢǿ󣬵Ȼܽð
иҪ뿪ѾͷĿ棬һ򣬼˵
ĸȥû߳ԶǱ֣װ˴档˶һۣԷе˷ܡ


1876 򶾲
սݣǵһȱ衣˵һϢ
ںһ֮Уٷ֮ʮŵȫ࣬飬һɣʵУ˵Ǵ󲹡
ץסһߣǼ
ʵϣ˺ܶ࣬вααеĺܶˣʵϴﵽ۾硣
ֱץʮǿߣڶδ֡ʮǿ֮Уһӵۼս
쾳
ѾͷͻȻһ
ѾͷĻŷһϲĿ˹ȥѾͷе쾳֮󣬹ŷֱֵͷߵĳ嶯
쾳ȴһ쾳ڵʦǵĻ
ȿȣЩһǿɲǡŷ̲סɿһ
ѾͷЩϧҡҡͷһ÷Ĵӣ˵̫ˣĴͣȻĻһһð
÷һһĽڵʦһ̲ˡҪ֪÷۷ʱ򣬶һˣҲ˵ʤ
ʱһָ֣۷ʱڵΪټİ֣ҲܹսĹԷȻĻ붼롣
ȿȣǻһɡ÷ε˵һ
ŷͷЦûлءԺҲὫǼһУȴС
ͷʵ㣬ͲǶԷĶ֡
ðɡѾͷЩʧԥһ£̲ס˵ʵֻһ˵ĻĿԡ
ŷ÷ˣֱӵûѾͷĻѾͷħˣ˼ʹһˣҲܹɨţԲܹǵġ
ֱ뿪ǲһŷ˹ŹֵĶŶѾͷǱΪѾͷأǿֱ֣Ȼô¡
ܵŷ÷񣬶Ѿͷɫһ죬Ȼ֪һЩʲôһۣ̲ס˵ǿʲôûŮ
÷û˵Ϊ֪λشѾͷĻ
ŷȴǺٺһЦһֻ֣Ȼס˶Ѿͷ°ͣЦе˵ǼŮֻûмᴵţƤŮ
ŹŷһĨΣգѾͷЦǲǺΣգԼȴ֪ҪǲſצӵĻΣա
ŶѾͷĻŷָȻڱڡ
һĻŷЩȣҪ֪ʣκζأ˵򶾲֡Ǵʱȴжˡ
΢΢üͷۣһ㶾ر˳ȥŷ̲סͷҶһˡ
˵꣬ȴ񣬼ֱڿһһ
ĨĨԼŷЩɻʵʲôѵҵ𣿡
÷ӦһҪŻµӡǹŷʲôҲϲһˡ
ڶѾͷɫһڣЦûиоôܱƳҵĶأʹҽɣʹ쾳ǿߣҲôײŶԡ
ɫɻЩס
Ѿͷ壬ʺܿ£ز۵ģǶѾͷȴزסԼͬʱĶӿˡ
Ȼ쾳ǿߣ壬Ҳд鷳΢ģǴһпܱɱ
ǹŷ赭дܹرȳȥټ
ŷٺһЦһ̣һֻס˶Ѿͷ°ֻ͡ǣһζѾͷûзŭ㶵Źŷ֡
ܹоԼڵĶѾ˹ŷУǹŷȴһ鶼ûУһ㶼ûиܵء
ôܣѾͷ̲ס
㷲˵ʱ壬ʵϣҷ˵ʱ򣬺챻̵İٶ֣ϺԼҲҽɣеĶأֻҪҽӴһΣͲҲκвŷȻ˵
ŷȴûз֣ѾͷԼ񶼱ˣ񣬳˹Ź֣ϲ
ŷûз֣÷ȴˣô£Ȼ֪ʲô÷̲סŴͣҲС
ˣҪôˣǱ쾳ǿߣͻƵʥĻˡŷоһ
쾳ǿߣǽУ뿪
ŷȻˣ쾳ǿߣ㹻ʥˡ
ǻзݡѾͷ
ŷһԴ˻ˣղֻ˵˷ܰˣٺһЦŷ˵ղֻǿЦģץȥɡ
÷νѾﵽ˼ޣҪٷùŷƵĵҩĻ޷գ˷ѣںûзݡ


1877 
Ǹ쾳ǿֻ쾳ǿߣϹǺΰȣĺԶ
ѾͷΪԶԶ֮ϡжѾͷæǺɵĽץסˡ
ߡ
ŷǲҵ飬쾳ǿʧ϶䶯ģڵǿߣһᷢ֡
Իִ⡣
뿪һ˲䣬ʮµϢķޱȡ˸Ӧ쾳ǿ߳£ȫŭˡ
ŷǺȻԶȥ
ȻֻƬǵϢǼ˲ұ֤ûбֶΣ˳֡
ǿϢ˻档
κ쳤ХŭһλѣڿЦһ
Ŀɫŭ
쾳ǿߣõĺ󱲣ΪԿԼˣ޾£Ŵﵽ磬ǴʱȻˣȻŭ
û˻شŷǡԶ
Ѿͷڣ뱻˷֣ȻĻִ⡣
ģôһľĸоŷ̲ס˵뵽ǿƵϼһЩĲ
ּӵʲôֶΣ˭Ҳ˵ǿԿ϶ֻҪ΢һܣǱܹʲô飬ʱǾ鷳ˡ
ֲʦǰǣԭϼһȻôǿ̫ˡѾͷͷ
֮ǰȻʼ棬¾ۼսûܵǵǿ󣬶Ѿͷе㲻¡
ʱȴܵԷϣĺֲܿʦǸǿߡ
Ȼǿܹ¾ǿߣô򵥵ġŷҡͷ˵Ȼ¾ۺڵʼ棬ȫɱ
գǳɹˣ飬ǻɱ
ǿߣǺε죬˵Ҳ֪ʵԵľˡ
𣿡˹ŷһۣѾͷʵ
ŷͷûԥֻƬͲᱻ֡
쾳ǿߣ˳Ѿͷ֣ûзӦʱ򣬽ǻɱ
ҲֻжѾͷʵǹŷ÷ȻͬǾԲô򵥡
쾳ʬͷޣȻ˵еĻһеĵˣŷֱӽǵʬսĴ档
һ̣ŷ翪ʼʬ塣
һεʱ䣬Ҫ˲٣ŷʵǰǿ˺ܶ࣬Ƶҩʱ䣬ҲԼ˲١
쾳ǿߣƳöҩŷһƵҩûʧܵĿܣΪǰƣֹ򣬶˵ʵ̫Ϥˡ
ֱӽҩŷһһöȥ
ٺ٣ζŷЦ˵һ䣬Ȼֱʳһŵҩֱڵϣʼˡ
ŷϣʥ𲻶Ǹҩ
ȴ֪ǣѾͷ÷ˣûгԡ
ҳҲ˷ѣղ̫ĹЧŵҩŷ硣÷˵
Ҳŷ磬ʵԽǿ׽͸ˡѾͷҲЦ˵
Ļ÷ɫЩŹ֡
ԥһ£̲סʵǲϲϹŷˣ
һ£Ѿͷ÷һۣû˵˵ʲôô˿ϲһһС̫ˣҿɲϲ
ȿȡ
÷һ㱻ԼĿˮǺסŮզ˵ġ
Ҫǹŷ˵֪ʲôӵı飬ǿ󣬹ŷı飬һǳľʡ
Ǹͱȹŷ˶ٰɡ÷Щ
֮С˵磬ʮһѾͷĵ˵
ðɣ÷ʾԼ˵ʮһȻ棬˵ˡ
ãŷ˹
ʵ˲٣δʥ۷塣
÷ҩ˹
ŷһ£ȻҲ֪÷ԽҩУȻֱȥ
һεʱ̡ŷΪҲ㹻죬ȻѾʥ۷塣
ֻǣѾͷ̲ס𺳡
һҪ쾳ǿߵѪ⾫Ԫ̺Ĵô̵ʱڣȻŷˡ
𾪵ģǹŷٶȡǹŷΪûͻʥΣֻǴﵽ۷ѡ
ֲս졣Ѿͷ̲ס̾
ûа취ʵԼҲͷۣ˵֤Ȼ󣬺Ǳ̬Ǳ̬زģûйͻΪ˵ʵ̫ˡʵϣŷҲףԼǺεȵľˡ
ӴŵֵĻرģŷսͬˡ


1878 ʥ
ҲǹŷһֱǿĸԣŷȻЩƣǺңпܵĻϣԼһ㡣
Ҳ㡣Ѿͷеĵҩݸ˹ŷ硣
ŷû̽ӹЩɻĿ˶ѾͷһۣüͷʵôˣֵҩҲôġ
̫ʵﵽ磬ֻб򣬲ܹͻͽҲҪѾͷЦ˵
ĻŷȴšΪֵҩһĲĵҩ̺һ쾳ǿߵĵֻҪ˵ҩ϶õһЩ
ǴʱѾͷȴã͸Լùŷ粻˼
ŷ絹ûѾͷϲԼѾͷǻգŷԼҲʲôԣȻкܶˡ˵һ쾳ŮڼԼһεʱ򣬾ϲԼŷǾԲŵġ
ʲôԣѾͷŷԥЩˬʵ
ĻŷЦһ˵ҳԡ
ΪʲôѾͷһ㶡
¶
Ѿͷ˹ŷһۣЩˬˣһ˶û뵽ŷ羹ȻԸҪ
Ծ͸ҡѾͷû˵
һҪҩǹŷ΢΢һһѽҩȥЦĵҲҪңҲĸԸġ
˵꣬ڵϡ
ŷĻѾͷɫͨ죬û뵽ŷͻȻ˵ԡ΢΢˹ŷһۣѾͷҧԼĴɫ糺졣
һĻ÷̲סƲ죬ѾͷҪϲŷ磬ǲأһı飬д
Ȼʱ÷϶˵һѾͷˬˣԼ֡ڵʵɲǶѾͷ֡ҪһСıɵˣǿɾͿˡ
һΣŷʱ䣬֮ǰҪܿҩһ硣Ѫڣڲһʱ䡣ŷʱһСɱ䡣
쾳ǿߵѪ⾫еĵ򣬱УŷЩԼĵڣһʵ
ŷĵ֮ǧ򣬻ԼʥҪףΪʥˡ
ڣŷѪ⻯ÿһ˿Ѫ֮У̺ķϱѹһСЩڣȫʥϢ
ﱻ貵ĹûʹѾͷ浽ʲôֻ֪ŷɱ䣬ȵ֮󣬿϶ǳˡ
÷¶ȻɫͻһС磬ȱ˳Ϊ쾳ǿ߶ҪˡֻƬסŷϢ򣬶ܹܵŷϢ
ҼΪļһ÷̲ס˵
÷һۣѾͷͷ콾Ԫǿߣǹŷģǵһμ
ʱĹŷ磬Ȼһѹ
Ǽ侪˵ģŷʥ죬ʵһµĵزգŷվһ㽫ֻƬˡ
һ񷶼ˡһ̣Ϣ֣ŷ粻ŲæֻƬǵϣ뿪
κ˳֣ɫղиУ˹û뵽ˣԷߡ
󣬺㣬֮еǸϲܹ˵ٺδκһ£ų˵
ˣпеǿߡڵһʼ濪ڣԭʵǿ󣬱κ䶼˿
Ҳָо磬ֳһͷ󻼡һʼ棬ɫ
ǬõģǺǶ²סǿߣѾиǿߣϵǣ׼֣Ҫɱ硣κ䵭˵
ᵽвûκξηΪͬĴڡ
粻ӣȻЩһսУһˣҲǿˣʵ˿ǡԭ˵ɫ֮΢΢ЩأûκһֹۣǾѶԸ
һˣʲôõĵģȻ˼ǲΪݣǸ磬̫߳˵ǿߣͬҲ̫ˣǸ۵ʱˡǬЦ
棬ȻǬжףνĶ棬ԲֹǶô򵥣磬̫ˡ
ŷ뿪ԶЦһͻȻһ˻ȥ
ҪʲôѾͷ̲ס
÷Ҳ׹ŷΪʲôһȥڵʼ棬ⲻŰ𣿹ŷʵȻȻʼĶ֡
һ̵ӡ󡣡ŷЦ˵Բֱ˴ˣֵˡ


1879 ǿ
ŷȻŰԼĴ㡣
뿪ŷ籾壬ҲǴˣ뿪
ʼ棬Ҫ뿪ģһӰ߳ɱ졣Ҳһ£ȻЩûиס
һ̣ѹʶ˶ԷͼǸ֮ǰСȻǲɱ⡣
ЩҲף˭֣ɱ쾳ǿߡ
ϡκŭû̳֣Źŷ嵽Լߡ
ΪŷʥʿˣκУźܴļֵӦþɵ
Ҫоŷ֮Ȼɱ˹ŷ硣
ƥǸŷһȭֻؾ죬ʩչһֶϻ꣬˵ϡ
ֻǣһжûκãǿһֶϻֻ꣬һֻأǸӣǵϣûһá
ʲôŷ¶Ȼɫһŵӡ
ϣ֪ǵϡκЦվŹŷ磬һĮȻı顣
棬ƾҪܹ˵ǣһɱȥءǬЦ
ŷ۾΢΢һǬЦ˵㻰
Ǭһ㶣û׹ŷʲô˼
һ̣׹ŷĻʲô˼ˡŷͣȻԱˡµ˺ȥ
㿪
κܵв̶ֳȵԱ˺ǡŷղų֣ȴʵĿıҪһֲ
ŷˣ赲ŷԱϡȫ˳ȥϳһѪۡ
ŲǣʱȻˣȻ˵أȴǸо衣
ңʱҲϤˣղԱģǹŷ籾ˣһһȴһͷŭһɱ⡣
ҵҪ
κ䱩ߣնŷķ˹ȥ
ͬʱǬԭҲͬκ䣬Ǳ߳ȥǾнһƬһƬأȴûһá
ŷѾ뿪һƬƬرнȴãҲŷǵ䡣
ֻǣЩ֮ϵ飬ȴˣ˲֪١
Ҫҵ㡣κŭ
ɱѾ죬ޱȣ˾㤡һЩǿߣ¶ȵɫ֪κͻȻʲô衣
ʱ÷Ҳ֪ŷ絽һʲô飬ŷ֮г
һʧһȴ쾳гϹŪûͷʵ̫ˡ
һǸôߣȥ𣿡÷̲סʵ
֪ŷ磬ҪȥϾڣ˼顣
ŷͷȻ˵Ҫȥ
ѾͷĿɿڴЦҪȥԲк³ϹɲڵȻӵֻƬҲһܹϹ׷ɱ
СѾͷֱӷԡ
ŷٺһЦ˵صڣȻУȴǿԵģҪһˡ
ŷĻѾͷ÷̲סĿɿڴȥսһɣŷǷ
ȻֻǶţڣҲ˾ͿƷġ
ʵΣѾͷ̲סʵ
ŷ翴һۣȻ˵¡
ƶϣʥ죬ͶѾͷ֮ʵȷʵˡŷһָоǷſһսܹɱѾͷ
˻
ѾͷһŷһС磬ֱһ죬֮ǰսȣ˵ر
֮ǰŷȻܹסǿߣվֻܹסСڻ񣬴ҶףֻһżȻˣĻԹŷʵĶ֡
֮䣬ٴμսĻʧܵĶǹŷ硣
ڣŶ̶̵Ķ೤ʱ䣬ŷ˿Ѿͷĵزֱֲŵĸо
÷ȻҲ֪ŷı̬ǴʱҲ̲סһ¡
Ҳţдһ¡Ѿͷ˵
ŷͷֻƬһսȻ˶ţȫͷųԼϢֲϢͬκһӿ÷ˣһ㱻ǵش
̲סƣԼ۷ڣҲ̫˰ɣȻ䵽һزۡ
ȻʵҲˡѾͷ̲ס̾Ȼδ͹ŷ罻֣ǴӹŷƵУԸܵŷս
أŷкڹһ֡
챦Ѿͷɴ۾̲ס
ŷ΢Цͷ
㹻ˣȥڡѾͷֱİ壬Ц͹ŷ籾ʵ֮£ܹսһ࣬ˡ
һ£ȥڻб쾳ǿߣҪĶһáŷȴû뿪Ѿͷ˵


1880 ϷѾͷ
ҪöѾͷ̲סЩȡ
ŷͷ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ҫһ򾡣⿿ǵʵǲеģöҾĶֻҪṩһ㶾ңҵĵƣʹ쾳ǿߣӲʵҲۿۣٵս
ŷĻ˵۾ˣҪʵٵ㣬ǵʵ׿ѹɱ
ǵõǿǱʲôʥҩҪõĶʵ̫ǿˣԶڳ쾳ǿߡ
Ϊ쾳ǿȣʵҲԶ
û⡣ѾͷЦ˵
Ѿͷṩأŷ翪ʼҩʱ䣬ҪĶ࣬𾪡֪֮󣬹ŷų֡
иһںڵϢȻǱŷţ÷һЩںڵϢ̲סһսɫ˵ʲôֻǿһۣоסˣԪˡ
ѾͷҲǴһ̲ס˵Һ񶼸ܵһвֶأҲã
һ㲻˼飬Ҫ֪壬ʲôأ˵Ǵ֮ǴʱȴܵвͲܳܡ
ƳĶң˭ܹߣʵϣҲǶҩֻǶס˵Ԫʮʱ䣬Գ쾳ǿߣãļһҲܹʵ㡣ŷЦ˵
ŷĻѾͷԥһ£Ȼŷ֣ȻҪһص
Ȼ壬ǶֶأߣһҪǱסˣһˣҿɲұ֤Լ᲻Դ󷢡ŷЦѾͷգգ۾
ɫ΢΢һ죬Ѿͷû˵̶ˣ㻹ô
ŷɫڣնѾͷ˵Ҳȴ˵ٰ֮з˵ŷˡ
ȿȣʲôû˵԰ɡŷɿһȻ˵
׼ҡѾͷȴЩĵĿ˹ŷһۣһӡȻ֪ŷΪˣ϶飬ס֮󣬺ԼЦҲܲˡ
뵽ɫ΢죬Щ١
֪ΪʲôڹŷܵĽӴȻֱܵĿܣȴĲ̫Сһڴĸо
İɣ̡ŷû˵
Ǹģﱣأŷһġһߵ÷ͻȻ˵
÷һۣѾͷЦ˵Ҳһö
÷ǹһ߻ȦȦ䶾ѾͷһᱻŷϷ
ʱ򣬶ѾͷһǶ壬һԼߵĶأȻҪӴһ£ŷҲ˵ˣⲻ£౻סùŷϷһˡ
ǹŷ֪Ѿͷ룬϶ƣ˵ɫһһ뷨ûС
һϢȥѾͷͻȻ۾ɴˣӲĻӶһԼĸ첲һŤ˵ҸоԼľŲʵˣʣһ㣬תǷǳ죬ֶ̫ˡ
¶һĨɫŷһﲻʵ̫ˡ
о˰ɣŷ̲סЦ
Ѿͷŷ⣬̲ס˹ŷһۣЩŤ˵콫ҵĶؽ⿪ܲˣָоܡ
ŷȴǺٺһЦЦе˵һûռأһſ𣿡
ŷĻѾͷ̲סɴ۾һﲻİɣЩηĿ˹ŷһۣѾͷ˵㲻Ҫһеġ
˭ŷٺһЦ
÷һۣѾͷͶҽϽ÷ҡ
÷ޱ飬˵ҲǺö
ȻһǳˡöѾͷƣ
ŷһֻֽѾͷ§˹Ȼ̧ŶѾͷ°ͣЦ˵ʵôỰϷһ£ŶԵԼء
ŷ磬쵰ҪѾͷϽһµӡ
û뵽ŷһﾹȻĸҶ֣Ѿоŷһֻ֣ѾС
Ѿͷˣɫͨ죬ֱҪγѪһ
彩Ӳŵ˼㡣
÷߾Ȼˣֱתֹһ䣺ʲôûпȻת뿪
ֻʣˣѾͷ۾ɵøˣһͷǾˡ
չŷһﵨӣ¾ｫԼ˶пܡ
㲻Ҫû׼أˡѾͷЩԹ˵ĶŹŷ磬۾֮оȻ⡣
ŷȻʵû̫жֻѾͷ⻰ȴڸ߹ŷ磬ԸŹŷ磬ֻû׼öѡ


1881 
ʶһ㣬ŷͻȻãԼǲӦһжˡ
뵽˾ŷֱס˶ѾͷС졣
һ̣Ѿͷ彩סˡŷ壬Ҳסˣų򶾲֣Ѿ˶ѾͷĶصĹŷ磬ʱȫסˡ
ѾͷеĶԣϣҪǿ˲֪ٱȻŷ綼ûܹߣ˲佩סˡ
嶼סˣţֱ㶵վԭء
÷ԶԶĿһĻ̲סĿɿڴ˷չ̫˰ɣҵ棬һ໥ǣⲻǴ̼
Բ÷֪ʱŷ磬Ҫһ£Щѡ
һֱƣһֱʱ֮󣬹ŷһŻָɣ˶ѾͷһۣϵĺΣû˿ǿˡ
Ѿͷ۾ˣһһɫǣûõģŷܵѾͷ״̬ٺһЦһкŮӼҵ˼ԣбͬˡ
뵽ԼҲջһˣŷ⡣
ӵţһһֱ˺þøʱ֪ŷˣŽ⿪ѾͷеĶء
һѾͷŹŷ磬ȫǺΣ̲ס˵
ٺ١
ŷһЦһ㶼⣬öѾͷЩļһҲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
߰ɣšŷһ§סѾͷ
˭ţѾͷɫͨ죬˹ŷһ˵ǲûѹŷĻȻһֿķǣڹŷ׽ܣеá
ŷȻģŶѾͷ÷߹ȥ
磬ɩӡ÷ܹɣֱӺ
˵˵Ѿͷɫͨ죬÷е߳ŭһҪ֡
Ѿͷӣ÷һϽ
ŷһ§סѾͷ˵Ҫ۸Сܣˣǻȥȥɡ
ŷĻѾͷһȻûз
÷Щ𾪣ѾͷҲ̫ŷĻ˰ɡһôģշһŮңŮ쾳ģѱûзˡ
飬÷Ҳ˵ˡ˵뿪˻⣬ڸ˹ȥ
Ҫڣͬʱڵ˽
һοԳɹĻŷʵܹʥ죬Բһ⡣
Ѫ⾫ֻҪõֳݣҲܹǵõĺôο֮Уֻһ
쾳֣Щڣڹŷ翴Ǵҩ
ǽŷ罫еĶ˶ѾͷԼȴȻûжֱһ
ڵĽȫڷ⣬ϵĹµĹһγһµĴ󣬻סһС
˭֣ŭ˼㡣
û뵽˸ĿŴĳ֣ڡҪ֪һһţҪǣҲҪһ£ϾʵأǲɱȻһɣǿߵıҲҪͷۣ»鷳
ҡŷԻ¶ݣߣ÷ʱĶ
˳֣һ£Ȼ¶һĨϲɫЦȻǣû뵽ǾȻ÷ǵ飬δɱ㣬Ҫˣͷľٶ
Ļǿ߳Ƕ쾳ǿߣʱȫŹŷ÷ϳɱ⡣
ϣ֮УҲͲסįˣҪãҵȾͻȫ㣬硣һ쾳ǿ߿ڣһ˫ĶŹŷ磬˲мɱ⡣
ҪɱңԳ֡ŷ絭˵ֶ
쾳ǿߵʵǸӥ΢ǿһЩȻڹŷĶ֡

кһ쾳ǿֱ֣߳ŷɱ˹ȥ
һأããһ㣬ǻԵģȻʮһҲҪͲǶ֡
ŷûûκηӦһжٵˡ
˶һ£Щ˼飬׵ĸɵˣⲻܰɣ֮䣬ȴûע⵽һ޵ĺڵб
Ȼû뵽оȻˣڶ¶ʵϣּʿκζأߡ䣬ǵʶУܹвǵĶأֻ˿ʩչңûڳ֣ʵǳֵĻҲ͵Ϯ¶ھԵסǸ˵Ĺ


1882 ʩ
˶עӵŷǸ򣬲˳ֵʱȫ̲סŷ÷δվûܵκ˺
Ǹ쾳һ£ɫͨ죬Ȼû뵽ԼĹȻûá
еŵϣܹӵסһСǸ쾳ǿЩŭ˵
ĻŷҲЦһ˵ҵϣ㣬гֵ
ŷĻǸ쾳ǿһ£ͻȻ̲סһ˾Ȼ޷վ·ȥ
ҲһԪ񣬸޷תȫȥ
ʲô飿ڵʿ̲ס
ܣҵԪҵô޷תˣ죬⵽ô£һЩɫѿ˻֣̿Ȼ֪ʲô顣
ֻǸоԼĻסˣȻ쾳ǿߣ޷Լ塣һǳֲ飬ǻֲ֣̿Լƿеĸоǳܡ

һԣһҲȥ˸վˣûеȥֻɫҲ쳣ÿŷ񣬸Ҫ˹ŷһ
֪ԼжˡһַǳĶأҪǵֻǶԪ
ֻΪʵ̫ǿһЩԲűһ룬ʣս
սԼսʤŷ磬ȴûжֵ뷨һ˾ԷȻͿ϶оԵİգ϶к֡
ȻһŮӵĳ֣һ
㡣ҧ˵
˶Ѿͷ׶شˡһǿ֣߳Ȼ⡣
ңҲң¶ģõĶҩȴǹŷֱʡ˹ŷһۣѾͷӹ
Ļŷȴˣ˶Ѿͷһۣû˵ӦúϹʲôŷ磿һٺСҴƨɡ
ŷĻöѾͷɫһ죬˹ŷһۣȻûзϿ˹ŷĻ
÷̲סҡͷţƵŮˣһţƵˣҪǶѾͷ֮Уټͷĳ̶ֳ˵ӰҪ󣬵ڹŷǰȴһСŮˣЩ
㵽ʲôˣ֮УʲôʱһǿˡĿתŷ磬ʵ
ҽŷ磬ʲôˣҲˣţƾˣУҪΪҪʱ䣬ⶾأⶫҵŶܲˣ˾Ųʵο㣬ֻܹʵҪָҩԼʧѾʮ֮ˡ
ʮ֮ڵȷʵͬŷ˵һݺݵĿ˹ŷһۣȻתҪ뿪
ʱ򣬾ڸ𣬵ҲֻҪڣڣٴνģˣڣҲˡ
ԣԼھԲ
ҪӳȥȻ½ڣܹ
ֻǣδӳȥΪһĻסȥ·ֻƬĽ磬ʵҪƽӳȥ¾۵ʵҲܹ
߲˵ģ÷ɨսƷȥɱˡŷ˵ȻͬʱѾͷҲȥ
֣Ҫɱ÷ûκԥԼĴӣ£Щ彩Ӳڵӡ
ܿ죬ӣں̵ܶʱ֮ڣ£һɾ
飬Ƕɱ汾Դǿߣȫڴ棬ֻҪŷǾͿҩˡ
СȻҲģǸŭɱڣŷɱ˹ȥ
֪ԼӶܣֻսˣпӳȥ
Ҳǹ֮ˣֱ˳֣ɱ졣
͡
ŷ̧֣һ߽䣬ȴһɢһ̣ɫֱŲ˿ΪѾͷĹˣҺͶѾͷӲж
ϾܵҩĿ£ҲǱŵˡ
һʲô¶ҩɱǹŷͶѾͷˣҲԽɱ
㲻һʿʥǿߣû뵽սȻǿһز˹ŷһۣЩŭ
ʥ죬ǹŷʵ̫ǿˣȻһۣҲµ
ŷЦм˵û뵽ء
ָ䣬ֻظ֣ȥֻʣʵȹŷ绹Ҫһ㡣
ԣŷԵúǿƣС


1883 
ŭҪһΪֻʣ㣬͹ŷȣûκơ϶Ѿͷһ֣߳ʵڲŷ磬΢һ㣬ҲԶϹŷһ֣ǲòˡ
ŭһ˫ӺݺݵĶ˵ϣʩչԼǿСֻΪ֣еЧȫһֱ·硣
սƷռˡ÷һ
÷ĻһҪѪݺݵĶ÷Ҫߡʵϣ۾ˣЩĺ󱲣Ҳ޾İףڵδھȫˣʲôӵĽƵ˼㡣
ۡ
ߵʱ򣬹ŷһϣһ㽫ˡѹͷһܣŷѹ䡣
ΪֻŷЦкڹһֱ֣˳ȥ
ʲô
̲סϳֻǴû뵽ŷ羹ȻӵĶ
Ǿ챦ǿ˼㡣
ڱŷǿߴ߶Ȼûоǿ죬Ȼֲܿ
٣۷ʱڣҪСĶԸοڡ
ӲͷƤӭȥ
䡣
һ죬һһ룬ŷȻٴγ֡
һȥױ飬ʲôʣˡһѪɫЩήҡ
֤޵ıڱٵˣȻҪˡ
ֻǣʱûʱƽЩΪŷٴɱ˹Ȼֱɱ
սܼң棬ʵҲǳˣʱŷսǴ˶ˡ
ѾͷѾ׹ŷ˼ֱսסŷʵΪ˲壬סеľԪĻ̶ܹˡ
֮ϼսŷѹһУ¸ȻӲĽѹ·硣
ԡѪŷ˺ܶΣͬʱŷҲͬУһβһ㱻롣ǿ˻ɱŷĻᣬָǿˡ
֪ŷĽɱԶԶֹˣ֮սزΪҪһɱ˷ϵѪ⾫Ԫ
ҪѰһᣬŷһֱѰҡҪֱɱԪĻĴԴѪ⾫̶ȵı

һȭˣŷͻȻһʩչһֶϻ꣬붨ϣԳ棬ֱһԼȳʱסˡ
ŷֱӳȥ֪ҪȫסǿߣܣһȻɹˣʱ϶ˡ
ʵϣڹŷߵʱѾֻʱѾˣҪ֯ʲôЧķǸͲܵ顣
ۡ
ŷһֱֻ֣üġһ𡣡
ɴ۾񰵵ĵȻԪѾɱˣֻʣһǡ
ŷѪ¶һĨЦݣϢ˵ڸɵϼһˡ
磬̫ţˣ㣬ϼһʵֱͿҪȵЩ쾳еĶǿˣȻɱˣսҪȥ򡣡÷̲ס̾˵
÷Ļŷ̲סһۣû˵ƨʲôãͷùĲңҿɲΪͷЩǿսңӦս
÷ֱ˵
ѽֳԭˣдʵһͷɽɵȴû˸ҿ϶һҪ֪ˡѾͷЩ˷ܵ˵
ŷǶĿƶϣҲЩ棬ɽɵһ￴񰡡
ֳԭΣѾͷ¶ʧɫѾˣʲôɽɵǻߣһ֣ǿѪ֮ˡ
ãԳ߸㲻ҪʧŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣĳƺѾͷҲϣֻǵ˵ͷȻ˵ǿ߰ɣڷôĶȻֻƬڣᱻ˷ֵģǿץסˣʱ鷳ˡ
Щģ֮еǿ̫ˣڣһţʵǳۣǲܹ̫ʱ䡣
֪ˣһЩ뿪ŷֱû칬֮Уú󣬹ŷ˳ֻƬ֮£뿪
뿪󲻾ãκǳ֣ڵʱ̲סһ
ڣȻʲôʣˣһ򾡡


1884 ʥ
Ǹ˳֡ĸӦһκ˵
κĻǬ˵ͷǵĸоκĸоһġ
оֻƬϢԭͻȻ۾һ˳
ֻƬκǬҲϽһ۾ȫˣȻͷͬԭĻ
ҿֹܲһֻƬ֪ˣǸļһζǵѲģֻƬԳһ磬ĴﵽĵزȻĻҵǡκЦһ
κĻȫͷҲͬ뷨
ǸˣֻƬһ£ǧҪȥһҪҵǡǬ˷ܵ˵
ֻƬУԻдãֻƬټֻƬȻòȫҲࡣ
ǸʱƿֻƬԿѹһǿߣΪ˵УֻƬʵǳԽĴڡ
ÿ棬һеĴ棬һֻء
ֻҪԱһ£еʲô𣬾Ѿˣ֪һ
ֻ֪ƬڸϢܹҵκЦš
ǬҲһȻҵֻƬҲҪһЩʱ;޴ľ˵ȴǾֵõġ
ŷ粻֪ԼӵֻƬ飬Ѿ¶ˣǿߣҪֻͨƬ䡣
ʱŷһɽУʼҩ
ֻƬһУסһϢڵǿߣŷ㣬Ȼ󰾳˵ҩ
һʮöҩȫӵпµҩЧ
壬ŷƳҩһûж̣ǵݸˡͬʱ÷Ƴĵҩʹڵﵽ˼ޣҲһܹգʵҲ˷ѡ
ŷĻ÷۾ˡ
ԴӸŹŷ֮еܴ̼Ϊˣʵ̫ˣʵȴԶԶǰû쾳ǿȻˬ
ŵҩҪ쾳ˡ
ڶѾͷҪģҪԼĵҩøŷ磬ùŷʵ
ֻǹŷ֣Ȼס˵ҩȻС죬ιŶѾͷȥ
Ѿͷɫͨ죬ȴûа취ҩһӴϽ
÷ҲһֻƬػҲĻʲô⣬ʼ
ڹŷ磬ǽŵҩƳĵҩȫ˿УȻʼ
Ҫ˿ŷ羹ȻԵҩǿ϶𾪵ġ˵ģֻҵҩԣһ˶ܲ˵ġ
Ȼŷ粻һˣҲһʿһҽɡתһ߸ҩҩ
ûйãŷͷųµϢʥ졣ŷһ㶼⡣
ڣ֮һˣлǿڣǽ벻ʥ죬ǲء
ŷʥתѪӿƬռУѪʶһܹˣû˺еˣʼӴԪ
ͻƣŷ缸һ˲䣬ﵽʥ죬֪㣬Ҫͻƣʥ𾳽硣
ŷ֪Լǽʥ𾳽֮ʵԻﵽʥ۷壬Ϊ磬ǿսģû̫ľ硣
սﵽ쾳֮󣬱ͻ쾳ֻǣǾҪĴԣŷҲֱӴﵽ쾳
ǽʥ𾳽֮󣬹ŷʵﵽһΪµĵز
ѪۣԻȻٴûŷУŷءֻǣ̤һס
ȻԹŷ츳ʱδȥŷҪǿʵǿƹءʱʼжʱһµķɳ֣ŷƣһըһѪ֪ԼЩļˡ
ʥ𾳽磬ô׽ģŷһʼȹԼڵľ磬ųء
ʥ죬ǹŷ֮еĿֻ꣬Լ¶벻Ȼܹô̵ʱɡ
ʮʱ䣬ŷų۾ձ飬ܲסŷĿ⡣
һʮԪԼ嵱УȻŷ³һֻƬĹĻ棬Ļҡޱȡ
ȻδĻǹŷһָоԼڵʵǰǿ˲֪١
ʱŷٳֵĻпܣܹսƽȫʢʱʱ
ȻֻǹŷĹƣ嵽ôҲ˵Ͼսʱ򣬶ԷʧΪǿɲսô򵥣ʵս½ĸ
˻ûѹŷһߣʥ硣


1885 ʼѧԺ
ֱպ˲˹ǶһۣԷеľϲ˵ʵ˺ܶࡣ
÷ֱ̤쾳ʵǿ
ڶѾͷǸһ¥֮ǰֲ˲֪١̶ȵˣһ㣬˼졣
ҸоԼںǿȻһս·硣Ѿͷ˵š
ŷֱ֣ѹѾͷɵۡ
ŷ§ڻУѾͷɬ˹ŷһۣС˵ſҡ
Ѿͷúһ㣬ڵʵź࣬˵Ķ𣿡ŷûʵ
˹ŷһۡѾͷЩɥƵ˵ҸռʱΪҿɲ̫ˡ
÷Ҳ̲סͷŷʵ̫ˣ˶һֲʵĸоպ͹ŷʱ򣬹ŷʵҲǿһЩڣʮһ𣬶ǹŷĶ֡
ս٣Ҳòǿ󡣡ŷ̾
㣬ʵԶԶӦҾ֣Ҫһ֮ŤתǬҪǸǿ
Ҫܹڵ쵰ҿԿ϶ҵʵԿ쾳ŷо˸
Ļ̲סһۣЦڵ棬ŷ绹롣սľǿߣǧŲ࣬Ĳǿߡ
˵ǹŷ磬Ȼ棬ǶԺУؼ䡣
Ҫǣܹοǡ
ȿȣҲֻ˵˵ѣδЩҩǣ߰ɡŷ罫еʮöҩ͸ˡ
ֵҩڶô󡣡÷֣ܡ
֪ǹŷԭҪָ쾳ľ磬֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ڹŷҪҩȻ˼ܡ
ҲôǺ㲻һԶĽҪʮöҩԼţҪʱҲܹõϡѾͷҲ˵һȻ
ֻǴʱŷ§Уȴһӣôô¥ЩŤ
ŷûī˵вҲҪֵҩллˣʱȥһʴġ
ŷĻ۾һ
ЩҩãǲʾĵҩáǿߣȻܹʵĿˡ
ȻҲǷǳݳ޵ģʵȻһţܹˣ쾳еٮٮߡ
Ѫ⾫Ԫ˵Ƿǳõġ
һöǵʵͬ
ãڸ÷ˡѾͷ˹ŷһۣɫЩ죬ŷ§Щʵʱһ£м
šŷ绵Ц˵ڻſǲܵġ
ߡ
ѾͷһȻɹŷ§ˡڹŷΪʱȻһϰߵĸоŷ˵Ҳǿ
ҵĿѾﵽԤƣҲûˣȥһ¹ѡŷ˵
еĹˣػͲܶǣԼĴ˸硣
ǾȥʼѧԺѾͷ˵Ц˵þûмˣеرǻԪǼһͦ˼ģһֱԪһֱĶ֣ҿѽһǲҪӮԪˡ
ŷһЦԪӣǿƣǰȻŷʱʵڻԪ֮ϣ뵽ԪͻԪǣŷ绹̲ס̾ǼӢۣ磬ûл߳ʱ򣬴
رԪһʱùŷһ룬̲סգҪ֪磬ʱ̫صĻˣôģ
ʼѧԺһֱ˵֣ȴδʶ˵ʼѧԺκĳԱȫһͬʣҪúüʶһ¡÷ҲЦ˵
쾳֮Ե÷˲٣ǰһ㣬Ǳһصļһ
Ȼʵ÷ľҲһ
ڶѾͷָ֮£ǸʼѧԺһЩˣŷ΢΢ЩرǲܶػǣԼĴ˸磬Щ˵òǰȻ䣬ŷͻȻʶˣǾȻһǧδˡ
껹Ƿ˵ʱ򣬹ŷ뵽ǧʱ⣬Ȼͬ׾Թ϶һ㣬ָʱЩ黹ĿЩѾģˡ
ʼѧԺһƬ֮С
Ѿͷ˵󺣻һ֣ѶɣΪһЩǿˮ壬ṥ·ˣȻǻߺʹۣп䣬ͻ𣬶ҪСģһע֮£Ҳˡ
ҪҪʵΪҪ


1886 õϢ
ŷ羪ȣһƬôɲ⡣Ҫ֪ܹﵽǿߣһ˽ܣңˣֻкСĿܣܹһƬ
ߺʹۣͻ𾳽ǿߣп䣬ʼѧԺȴһƬ֮Уɴ˿ɼǵǿ
Ҳֻ쾳ǿߣƽأȴԲҪţΪһƬ֮УпԻɱ쾳ǿߡѾͷ˵
Ļŷˣ̲סһ
ܹ뵽ʼѧԺǿˡŷ̾
÷Ҳ̲סҡͷɫ֮дһĨ̾
߰ɣǵʵֻҪΪͲκ⡣Ѿͷ˵
Ͼ˵ʵأ쾳ǿߣҶ쾳ڵˣҪɹһƬȻûκ⡣
ǰУ˲Ϣһ綼Ҫ죬ܹﵽף̫ˡ
Լ֮䣬Կ֮£о޴ĺӰһȻ˾͸ӵļˡ
쾳ˮ塣ŷһ
һͷ㣬뿪ˮ棬ɵͷһѵƣ˸о𾪡
ܳǾûһ㲻ṥˣȻ˵ǵĻᱻ׷ɱġ
ˡŷͷ
ͷȻǹŷǣΪܹоŷ˶ǣȫǸеĸ֡
˫ȫ෴ķȥһ·ϣŷ̫ˮǿߡУ֪жǿߣһֵĻһɿֲ
ʼѧԺܹ棬ȻҲ򵥡ΪŷǸܵһЩˮ壬е⡣ѾͷͣҲеЩʿˮ壬Ҳ١
нһʱ䣬ڼ˳ʼѧԺһƯˮеĴ½ļ߼ʡ
ÿһ֮ϣŹתǲ
ŷǽ٣Զмǿߣֻǿ˹ŷһۣ㲻ٹעһ㶼ǵĵ
Щ˲˴⣿ŷ̲סʵ
ŷĻѾͷҡͷ˵˸µģȻ棬ǿĴڶһǸ£Ҹұ֤Ǿ߲ʼѧԺ
ŷ絹һսǿߣ޷ӳȥʼѧԺȷʵ̫ǿҺѧԺ֮Уûʲô⣬ȻĻǾΣˡ
ǰУԽһɽտһ޴ĳǳأǳûгǽȫŵģʱ߳ǳأȻ뿪
ûпµˡŷͻȻ˵
ŷĻѾͷ÷Ҳʶһ㣬ǶԾѾͷȻԳʼѧԺһЩ˽⣬ǼǰһĻҲͬ𾪡
ǳô󣬼˸ڶʱ֮ҵܶǡŷ̽Եķųǳǳ֮Уһѹеʹ޷Զ
Ҹʰɡŷ˵
ţȥʡ÷ͷסһˡ
һèǿߣ÷ʻЩȣʵˣ
ŷͷ
ܶڿˣȫˣԪԴ飬ȫƾͬһڲܶǱץˣ׼ɿܣֻǲ֪ɹûУһ˯˲һɱˣʣһ顣Ǹèǿ˵
Ļŷ۾ʱ
˭˵ǣŷʵ
Ȼʥ죬ǰèǿߣҲǻ߾ĴڣǴʱԹŷĿ⣬ȴԼһһ㣬վһ˵ǰϣв
ħһǿߣǵ飬бǿ֣߳ʼѧԺȻԴеǿߣһͬʣ֮гͻĻһ㲻̫֣ҲǲܵġǸèǿ߸Ͻ˵
ΪԼˣһ˲Ĵ֣Ҳ쾳ǿߣϣĲ
زˡǹ֣ŷкһ˵ĻνһͬʣҲˡƫ̻ǿߣĳԱ
Ǳ˵Ļû£ֻһεļ໤ʦһеˣԪʱǸʦͻԲŻһġǸèǿ˵
Щ˵Ǹʦĺ̨ӲԲô޼ɵʵʦãΪеѧ
ƽǳʼѧԺһֱĹȴˣܶ˶Ǹʦèʿ˵
ʲô˵ŷèǿߣͻȻһøС


1887 
лѸһУʵѸմɷȥԪǡŷòʵ
ˣ˶ͶԱ˿èǿߣ˵ĻܺϹŷ⣬˵
ǻˣŷδػԷ
׾ˡèǿ߲д˵Լ֡
ȫһΣȻһΪƯŮӡùŷ΢΢Щ㶣׵еԻԹŷղûһŮӡ
ŷЩ㶣Ѿͷ΢΢Щ˹ŷһۣȻһֻڹŷݺݵһš
һ̣Ѿͷ죬ָͷһˣûšöŷ硣
˹ŷһۣģٿŷ硣
ŷ粻ɵӣȻѾͷˣ̲סЦû뵽ѾͷȻǴ̳ӡ
һ§סѾͷŷĶ˵ֻǾλʵǹ˼ûб˼㲻ҪԴס
˿йڶ棬Ѿͷһߺ졣˹ŷһۡû˵ֻȴĻС
˵ӣ̲סЦһȻǰ·
λôƺһһξ룬ײ̲סʵ
ŷһ£ʶԼδ˵ԼأЦЦ˵¹ŷ硣
ŵѣǲҪΪԪǸ𣿡׿˹ŷһۣС˵
ŷͷһԥûС
һ۸õˣȻԷѾ۸ˣŷȻãԷʲôˣҪ۸
ŷɫᶨ΢΢ԥһ£˵ҪҪĻһ˵ݣǲеģѿԼѧԺʱ֣ͲѧԺǿ߲ˡ
ʼѧԺŷüͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼʵ룿
ѾˣʼѧԺǿڶ࣬ڵݣȷʵó֡ϾǳʼѧԺĵط϶һ۸ǵѧԱġ
ֻҪͨԣԼˡָһ
һУֻһһߣ壬Ѿ˷ꡣǵŷ翴Ǹߵʱ̲סһһһ䣬ֿµĸоùŷһһϸ֣пʵ¾ۺ֮ϡ
Եʲôŷʵ
ӲԱһУģܼ򵥵ģʵ϶ûκ⡣Ц˵һ㶼ġ
ΪҲĲԣȻסһ֮ܵһ˺վû̫ˣ˳ͨ˲ԡ
ŷȴһ£סǿһܼ򵥣оԼ顣
ԥʱǸ۾һ˫Щǵ۾Źŷ磬˶˰죬ͻȻڣǸʵ
׵ɴ۾ŷ񣬼ֱڿһ
ŷ粻֪ΪʲôԾ֪ߺڣñ˲ԡһڣЩ߳ȥ֮󣬶Ǿ춯صǿߡ
ŷ磬ˣȻѾ߿ϣδ
ҲĶ֣סһŷҡͷûǰоǰ˵ʵܿܲڰ»ߡ
쾳еϹ۷ڣʿΪµˡ
ֻˣȻֻǳʼѧԺ֮УһһĲԱŷЩ
֪Ҳȫ֣İɣֻҪסһҵͽܣʱҪڳʼѧԺ֮һЩʲô飬Ժ˵ʲôǸԱĵ˵
ãҴӦŷֱͬ⡣
ɱ⣬ҹŷţּǿߣ˵ѡŷҪᣬſֽŴɱ䣬һǿţòġ
ŷֱ̤УʿһĻֹס˽ŲŹŷǣָָ㡣
ʵϣԱжû֪ʼѧԺеȴ֪һ㣬ǾֻҪԱҪ飬ԺҲͬ⡣
ԣŷĳߵĵӣʼѧԺ֮УľͿ˵Ǻˡ
ŷվУ֮ϣɫ࣬ߣȴ֡
ܺãעˡߵĿڣһָֻͷѹ䣬ŷ˹ȥǼµһ˿ûʲôֻйŷָʱ򣬲ָܹܵĿ¡
һŷûκԥΣѪ죬ȫеķۣʥӡֱӴ˳ȥ
ʥȣһжûֻһʥӡͷųϣߴײһ
˲䣬ﱬĹâ쾳ǿߣ۾
ۼµʿӱѪܣǲҽУܵش
˶Ȼײ˿£˵׶ôǿ


1888 庮ս
ǣɹŷ編죬µ˼㣬Ȼ޷ߵָ̨ڲҪ顣
˾Ҫ֪쾳еٮٮߣУ֮оսδ˵̨Ҳûֿµı֡
Ǹָͷѹ䣬Ҫйŷ硣
ŷɫ΢䣬Ȼ֪ԼǶԷĶ֣ȴû뵽ȫ֣Ȼ޷Էһָ
ѡ
ŷˣٴʩչͨ
ǰ»ߵͨʱǸ߾ɫȵ˵һ䣺е˼ȻСӵͨ
СӡƺŷͷƤ飬֪һϹеĹ۸棬һ˳ƺԼʦΪСӣûмǸʸ
ǣŷȻҪ֡
ѴٴνûǸָͷȴҲֱѹ䣬鳬ѡǾԵĲ࣬ŷγ֣δǸָ
һһֶϻ걻ʩչһͨȫߵϡ
ǣʵĹ⣬΢΢һһֶϻ飬˺
ʥͨʯǼһﾹȻҲйϵ߸ˡ
һ̣罣ն˳ߵָײһ
սĺˣֲô졣߾ȡ
ŷˣԼͨδסԷһָ
һѪⷢ⣬ͷųϢޱߡŷ糹׷ſȫͷųԼϢҪȫԸˡ
㻹ϱĺոȥǸ̲סɫˡ
ʦϹսءŷ絭˵
ʱǿޱȣͬʱýֱӻȫʥӡڹȥδ߳֡
ϢᴩŽδȫɱ˵
ǿµһĻУûˣָͷһֹͣǰһ𿪹ŷͨ
ŷѪ˳ȥ
ߣ֪ԼĿûС
ӽ쿪ʼҵĵӣסҵ֣졣ߵ˵
֣Щˡһͨߣֵģ˵Լ죬ȷʵġ
֮Уնһսɱʮ֮һ쿪ڣ˵һ˵ʵ
ŷ¶Ȼɫһ̬һɱʮ֮һҪ֪¾ֻۣ֣ɱ˰ٷ֮һǧ֮һţƺӣµһ
ǰնʮ֮һս̫ˡֲøҽ죬֣֮
ΧЩѧԱҲǶû뵽ԱȻô
ǴţɡһѧֹʵȻ쾳ʼѧԺǼΪǿĴڡ
쵭һۣǸѧѪһը¶Ȼɫתߡ
һ۱شһ쾳ǿߣڳѧһ㶼ɣҪɱĻָ
㲻þίϹս֪ҵĴڣҪʦᷴԡ쿴˹ŷһۡ
⵹ᣬʦĸˣսʦͲҶݼأհʦǲǸôŷЦ˵ת
˾ͽأհʦʦҪ
˻ûҿǸѾͷ֮䣬ܣҾ͸ɣòˡ쿴˶ѾͷһۣȻӳһõļС
⼣߰ߣһ㶼ûκĸоǷһ
ŷеʧ˵ʦҲ̫СˣȻͳá
ֱһƽŷ˳ȥȵ㶮ʲô飬úÿʲô
庮սס÷̲ס
ŷһ㶣ѵдͷ
֮һ庮Ůսף˵챦ֻ庮ŮƣʮͬǿΧ䣬庮սףҲЩ˵ˣѵǵΧ庮֮һ÷̲ס
÷ԽԽͿˣӶ⡣̲ס̾Ϣ
ûΪǱҲһĴڣȻ÷ʵʱδҲֻѡ
ϵң÷Ȼ
һɧȻʶҲ㣬űסԴʵϵҪȥ׷ǸŮ˵ĻҲлɳˡ쵭˵
÷ɫȻ˵
ʦĲģŷ̲סʵ
ǣ庮Һѣɱնʮˣ庮սס΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
ԭŷ翴ɫЩ̾Ϣֱתƻ⣬öѾͷԡ
Ѿͷͷ庮ս״ϣ⼣߰ߵ庮սףڶѾͷ֮󣬶ʱһģ
ս⼣ȫʧ˷ۺɫ֮תÿһϢ˺ء
죬Ư


1889 ȥ
庮սףۼƯ˼㣬͸ղ⼣߰ߵӣȫһң챦ˡ
ܶĽ챦ŲԱҪʦ
һֱ챦Ȼ˵Լɱʮ֮һе󣬿Ҳ١
ǣ첻ٿǣֻŷһ֣˵ˣ߰ɡ
ŷɵۣԼˣֻǰʦԼԵ޹ʶһʦȴһ㴫жûеõ
ʦ𣬻ûдءŷЩƵ˵
ʵҪҴ˳ڵ·ȥκ⣬϶ᳬԽʦġ쵭˵
Ļŷ粻ˣѾͷ˵Ǹʲôս׻ʦҲˣ̫Сˣߡ
սףܶӶһҪˡ
Ҫս׵ĻǾ͸ǰɣǲá
ļһҲЩЦá
սףΪսףɱʮ𼸺һĴڡ
ˣȻҪѧĻҾʹڸ㣬Ҫڶ쵭˵У۳һ⣬ŷʶ
ŷһ
һԣճѡ
ʵϣĺܹ죬˵˱úܹ죬ǻһǣһ㶼ǳǿʵǿᡣ
ңһԽȥøǿһӡ֮£ħȣʵ̫Сˡ
ҪĻȥԸ쵭˵
Ѿѳȥˣ֪ҪѣһСģͻ᳹ױɻ
ŷԥһ£ͻȻһ⡣
㡭סˣΪŷȴû뵽Ȼ̤ȥˡ
ʵ;磬˲ԽĴšǣһĴˣҪ߳Ͳôˡ
ˣսʡϱҪ֪»ҵġһҪţҲֲ˸ղֵɫˡ
Ļŷ絭Ŀһۣ˵ʦʵˡ
ŴͣȻԶԡ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬㷢֣ŷ֮УѾ˺Զ
ŷ磬û°ɣѾͷЩǵʵ
û뵽Ȼᷢ飬ŷ̤ŷֻоİ
ڴʱŷͻȻһ§סѾͷ¶һĨϤЦݣ˵İɣһҡ
ʲôɴ۾
÷Ҳһ̤ǹŷȴһ㶼ûܵӰһֻղŵϢ
ⲻǾò˼顣
ڴʱһӰӹŷ߳վڹȥĮޱȣɢϢȫ⸲ǡ
ԹȥȻеӰ쵽ңӰȴ󡣡ŷ翪ڣ˽͡
ʥµĵ߳Լ·һŷȻܷŹ
ʱѾﵽһߵľˡ̲ס̾˵
ŷһЦûлش𣬵ǺȻ˵ʵ顣
ʱһ棬ߵĺԶܹصȥɱˣҲܹڹȥδ֮䡣
ˣˣЩѵҲ֪óʱͳ֣ҪԴСҲӲġ
ŷͷУ˶֪ʼѧԺҪд·ˡ
ȻЩˣ֪ŷȴ֪ҪѰģ죬صĲԱŷη塣
ȥԪǡŷ翴÷һۡ
˵ͷǰ·ŷǴԪڵĵط
ЩĿ˸뿪ǿŷǰķ򣬴Ųµ˹ŷݡ
ȻѾһЩ׼ģǵԪ˵ӵʱ򣬹ŷ绹̲ס¶һ˿ŭɫ
㣬ǰҵ磬һСһʵôô죿Ԫɫ԰ףֻʣһʱЩ˵
ʵȻѾαľ磬ȻˣǲȻˣʱʱ䡣
ʼѧԺǿ̫ˣαα㲻ʲôһ·쾳ǿߣŷ˺ü
Զŷ絹һ㶼⡣
ŷǰŷ񣬺أһдǵˣ£ǱϹŴ֮ϵǿߣϽУΪ½飬Ӯȡ˴Ϣʱ䡣ر磬ʱԪµֶΣʵΣա
ԣԪŷǷǳмġ
㺰ԪˣڵսԶԶ֮ϡԪЦܵŷǿȻд


1890 
ԪᣬһֱΪԪŷܹԪļҪˣǻԪӲϧһдۣп䡣
Ϊˡŷ˵ʾԪһ¡
κԪüͷһ塣
Ȼŷʵ֮ϣǾ粻죬ŹŷֶΡ
սһҽҲѧһ㡣ŷ˵Ԫӽ͡
ǸһԪӵɫ¶һĨ𾪡
ִʱ䲻̵ˣȻʱΪߣǹսĴԼġ
ֻҪ֪ս֪һͨ쳹صҽֻҪǲǶܹȻ
㡣Ԫ˵Ȼ뿪Ԫ
뿪ԪϢѸٵɢֱ̼ͻɻɫѿϢˣ񰵵޹⣬ʱһ
ֻҪе㳣ʶ˶ܹóԪѾǻԪһϧۣΪԪ񲹳Ԫ
ˣ;ȲǿߣҲһ
ǹŷȴ⣬˵㲻ʲô˫ֽӡֱԪϡ
ʥȣԪûϢסȻδ׳󣬵ȴټ
þ˵ֶΡԪ̲סȵ˵
ԪϵƣȫܹתģþֶΣ쾳еǿ֣߳δκáֻܹǻԪӻԼˣΪԪȴû뵽ŷֹֻ֣ƶ񻯵ơ
ŷûǣһǳһһ΢͵棬Ȼڹŷһ֮УȫûԪ֮С
䡣
صԪȫŷһץ޾ԪȫûŷУȻְԪڡ
ԪϢ˶оˡԪ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬ڿһһ˵ҽǵһμ
𣿡Ԫ̲סʵ
ŷҡͷȻУϣʮʥҩ֣ȫǻ߼䱦лһö˲ΣȻۼʥҩ
ֶ޼۵ġһۼʥҩ쾳ǿߣž޴áǹŷʱȴֱ˳һ㶼ûԥ
Щʥҩŷȫ飬һ㣬ڳ˵ı֮УֱǶҪˡ
ŷ綯ûͣʮʥҩһջһ۴Сĵҩҩ㣬˸֮쳣ˡ
׺ͶѾͷ۾Ź⣬ĺöǱԵĻֱ̫ϧˡ
ȻҲֱָѣϾŮƯĶûΪߵŮˣһ
ŷֱԪͣҩ˽ȥ
Ԫ⣬ϢգƳ׻ָΪָ˻߾硣
似Ԫ̲ס̾
ŷȴҡͷЩ˵ǲУûдﵽҵĿ꣬Ҫлŵ쾳ǿͺˡ
ŷĻ˶ף֪Ϊʲôô˵
Ѿͷ÷е׹ŷ˼ˣ̲ס˵ѵЩҩû𣿡
ŷ֪˵ʮöҩҡҡͷ˵ûãֻڵԪǰܲĵҩһȥˣ⣬޷Щҩҩ쾳ǿߣҿֱӳıԴԪ磬ܹص۷塣
ϧ
÷ͶѾͷ̾Ϣ
ԪĿɿڴ쾳ǿߵıԴŷΪԼ˭Ȼʵڼ֮ϣҲɡ
Ȼϡڴʱһ
ŷ۾һϲ˵öˡо˸һ˷ܵӣ
Ԫ¶ɫڲԶһȺ߹ͷǿߣȻһ쾳ǿߡ
ǻħ죬ӱ䣬ͷһ˫ɫǡ
ħһǿߡŷ紫
èϣҪ𣿡ͷǸ˵һֻץȥ
쾳ǿߣ׸Ƕ֣̫Զˡ
һ˹ŷ
ŷ翴˶Էһۣͬһֻĳȥ
ǵײһһ̣ͷǸǿߣֱӱ飬Ѫ
¶Ȼɫ˼ĶŹŷ磬ֻһʿȻܹԼĲ˼顣
ôܣǿ̲ס
룬̫ˡԪŭȥδ֣ΪǶԷĶ֣һ쾳ǿߣǶ֡
ߣǿʳǿ˵Щʲô㲻Ϲ֡Ц
Ҳ˵ұǿĻɱͿɱ㡣ŷӹĻ
ɫһĶŹŷ磬˵㲻һʿǿһЩˣղΪҴ⣬һˣΪԼҵĶЦ


1891 ܶ
ӣСĸһɫơһ˳Źŷ磬ɱ⡣
һαʹӡ
Լʹһۣ΢΢ͷ
磬ɱҪˣ֡÷һЦվ˳
ŷͷû˵
쾳Ǹʹ¶һ˿ҵɫѹŷ磬ȴ޷һ쾳ǿߡ
ֻȴδһ쾳ǿߣԸŷСܣôƽֻиǿŶԡ
ûΪҴǰʵ㲻ʲôְɡ÷˵
Էɫ࣬Һһ쾳ǿ߶ֻ֣ҪԼǰһҪ
Ȼ㲻Ը֣ҾͶˡ÷һЦкһֱӳˡ
һֻĳȥֱӸסǸʹӡԷҪסһһжͽͣ÷Ѿ쾳ʵұһǿߣʱ֣Ȼͬһ쾳ǿ߶סοһα
Ǹʹһ仰û˵ֱӱ򱬣һѪ
һĻ˶̲סһҲ̫һɡ
ɱʹӣĶ÷һֻ֣޾ħһͷͷǿħ˻¡
ߡ
ŷһֱӶˡ
һָЩħ飬Ȼŷָײһ𣬷Ĳ
ֻٴα飬ŷˡǹŷһȴûֱ֣ɱ˹ȥ
ղ˵Ҫһ쾳ǿߣ鴤ԷĴԴԪһ쾳ǿߣŷȻŹ

ɫѾܵˣǰ˵ʵܾˣԶԶ֮ϣͲνľʿ
ǴʱʶһѾˣŷֱӸϣֱӽɳȥ
뻹δסΣµ棬ΧסֱС
ŷ˫ֽӡµѹȻһ쾳ǿߡ
һ̣ŷûУ뾪УֱӽڵĴ˳

ĴŬãŷǿ̫ˣҵ֣ȫѹûһ㷴
һ̣һƬʵĴ˳ŵĻȫѪ⾫ֱӻһˣδȥŷһҪָԭΪҲأʧȥ˴ǹżҵҽɳ֣һѺܴĴۣܹƺ롣
ȻżҵˣԲҽζеˡ
Ԫǰһ컯ŷЦǸԴֱûԪڡ
ԪһϢڷС
ŷʩչͨƴԴЩѪ⾫ƽ͵ԪС
ֶΣ̫ˡڳ˶̲ס𾪡
ֻʧȥ룬ڵϣûκ𾪣ֻ޾ԹĶŹŷǡ
˵ŷǶħһС
ֱһᣬŷŽ˻ֶһһȺˣòЩƵ꣬һɫɱ졣
󣬸һȺααʮˣдﵽսһ롣
磬磬磬ҷϵˣǿɱ󺰵¶ϲɫ
λ磬ʵȫ֮ϣɲ⣬ԶԶԽ
ţԼλ֣ǰǿҲλĶ֡
һɫս׵궢Źŷ磬˵Ǽƽʱ֮Ĺϵá
̲֮סˣ׼ɱˡ
ܶ˶˵ϧĶǣܶҲɱǣȫҪŷ˵
˵ˣܶǱħһǿץߵġ
ܶѾˡǼ˵
ĻŷֱӽһԶ룬ֱը飬
˭û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˱ң˵ɱ˾ɱˣȻһԥûУǰħһĴӣͷ̫ˣ֮Уǵ˶࣬ԼʵǿȻǳʼѧԺһԡ
ˡ

ɱ
ĸţԼĹӾȻɱˣʱʧɫǳ⣬ۼսǿߣ˳ŷ緢Ϊǿͨ

ŷȣΣ
ۼսǿߣȫնɱ
һĻڳ𾪣ۼսڹŷУȻʲô㲻ϣҲ̫ˡ
ҳȫǣȻܶѾˣ˭ˡŷĿɭȻɱ졣


1892 ͼ
ֱӻֻأȫУҪɱ䡣
ΪԼܻɱҵܵܣұȻҡǼЦħ죬ͷϵɫǣת
СģǵǺķˡѡ
ŷͷȳ֡罣ٻֱն˳ȥ
ʱ罣ǰ֪ǿ˶ٱһնǬţˣε۾
罣ǼײһǲһǼǣȻնˡ۾ɴˣһ˫۾ݺݵĶŹŷ硣
ղžͲһ㣬ŷһͷ­һնˡ
磬֣һ˲Ķ֡Ǽڣд
ȫΪӲĵطͨķҪ˵Ķ࣬ȴסԷһֻһУǼܵŷʵԵԶԶԼ֮ϡ
磬㡣÷վ˳
ѾͷҲǰǿ߶ţϢ˵˼㣬Ǵ˵رŷסΧۡ
ȻˣҲв˸ܵ˶
˵ǲӺˣ˴鷳ħһ⼸СһǳԶˣǱɱһ뷢԰׵üͷһ壬
Ҫȥֹʱһֻ£˻ȥ
Ҫ£ǸֵˣҸյĵӡ˲Υļᶨ
̲סһۣվﲻˡƣԼԺòãȴòġ
ٴ
Ӳңʦˡ߸Ͻ˵һŵùǺӳʼѧԺԺȻͽܣѹôĿˡ˵ԺΪѹŷ磬ʵϣΪһʦ֣ΪԼʦܣҲ˵ȥһʦ𷢻ˡ
ߡ
һ
ԺŵĨһͷϵ亹ʼͬħһˣȻԼʦܡ֪ԼʦΪ̵ˡ
ȻħԼʦͻԼʦһʦܡ
ŷǿ߼սѹƶ֣һδöѾͷǳ֡ŷУԼս
֮УʵǿˣȻǵϴһͶ֮䣬޾ѡѹ
ŷ׻ɱˣȴɫ֮һЩŭÿһιŷҪɱֵʱһУΪµĹ
ߣҿܹŵʲôʱ򡣡ŷЦ
ǿʵǿᣬȴȻˣǶԷеأȥĻǿ϶ᱻŷɱ
ͼ
Ļ˵ͷзɳһƵͼȫһ
ͼһһǣʱôӸղĵطɳ֮һһĴ
졣
ŷ翴ͼ֣ȡʱ֪京壬ɱĶֻҲˡ
ʱǰ쾳ǿߴ߶֮£ֻѷɫ챦㹻ˡ
ӵ챦ѹǡ
ϣħһǿߣܹģȥɡǿЦ˵
ͼ챦ܵס쾳֮еĶǿߡԪʱʱ̲ס
챦𣿡ŷЦһ
ûȡֱӻȻ֡
ȥʩչһ齣졣ʥӡʥǵأŷеĳסδֻǼ򵥵һȭ죬ʩչͨӾˡ
һΣŷ糹ʩչܣﵽ˼ޡ
ȥԹȥͨɱʩչʥδδĹŷ磬죬һȭ֮£ûʲôԿġ
һ֣Ǹˡ
ǼǱɫȫһȫ֡ҷħ죬ȫͼС
ͼ⣬һ˲ȫˣָǰܡͼŷѹȥ
澪˵ķתȫǻԵķȫʢʱܹ졣
Ĺͼײһըȫûһ̣ͼȻɢˣŷĹҲȫ飬ȴɹסͼ
ʲôš
ͽֵסͼֻеǿ߲ܹοɢŷˡ
ŷЦѪϳּƣȴͲܲʣֱǳȥ
ŷҪɱˣᡣ

Լλֵܵǰ棬͹ŷ缤ս
ײȣѪɽϵġ
硣
Ǽ˵һУ򱬣ѪȾ񷡣


1893 Ҵ
һ̣Ԫգ˳ŷ֮дһĨ֡
ղһͱŷɱˣҺӵĿ졣
ǴʱɫѿˡΪŷܵܳ˹ȥɱȻֱӳ֣նˡ
˲Ȼ֣ҲܵסŷĹġ
ڵһʱ䱻ɱҪãסŷĹŷʩչʥӡֱӻɱǵԪ

˲䱻ɱܵܣ۾ˡ
ܶһŷ縩ɫ֮дһĨЦ
ŲܶѾˣղż˻˵ĺ⣬ǶԹŷʹܶƳΪܣҲȻܹιԹŷͲġ
Ǻǣҵܵ˵ˣܶѾɱˣɱңҲҲܶЦɫ֮дһĨ
֪ԼڶӲȥˡΪתסҪͻǷǳѵ飬ҹŷҲĿͻơ
ȥɡŷָ֣絶ն
ȼԼĴԴŷ缤սأʩչΪҵֶΣҪ͹ŷʯ١
Ѿͷ÷һۣЩľ֪ƴˣҪŷˮ
ҪǰæǹŷȴǲҪܹӦ
Ȼڹŷ紫֮󣬹ŷ籬ˣƶǬУƽѪڣʥҫۣǵأѹһУµĹ
ֹǿֲģһɣһŷ绯նɨɳȥһ̣ŷʩչʥӡ򱬡
ʵҲǿȻαŷ򱬣ȴδɱȫ˳ȥ
䡣
ٳ֣׺ŷɱȥ
ʱħе˼ޣγһˡ
ԣŷɱ˵ħһ壬ĵʯٵĻпܻٻԼսģִ̫ˡѾͷͻȻɫһ䣬뵽һ顣
ħǼ˿µ壬֮жܹǿߣһ棬Ȼƽ
ŷһûκԥֱó˳ȥ
Ǵʱȴ¶һĨЦӱ飬΢΢һ֣ͼ˹ŷѹ䣬ײһ
ֻʱȴֱӱ飬ȫɳȥ
ҵٻҳˣ㾹Ȼħϣħɱ㣬Ѫ⣬ΪħĳͷʱһЦȴ˵Ļ
ŷüͷһ壬ûиоʲôսĽ٣ʱֻǱȸղŸǿѡ
ĸһŷ¶һĨЦһΪʲôħأԭҴߣ㱬ôǱȻսʤˣҲˡ
ʲôս壬ǻķ֮е֮һҴߣͬʱһֵǱܡ
ĽǱܣرͻȻǿ֮󣬱ȻǱľ
ͷȻںɱЦͼѹȥ
ŷʹסͼһЦȻҴߣͲҪǰNɪˣѰɡ
֮һг֣ǿޱȵʱȴĿͣվﲻˣ֮ϵϢѸٵļ
֪䵽һµĵزֱӴϵǱˤڴ֮ϡЩãȻĿһ۹ŷ磬һ̣ʲô顣
Լȵս긽壬ȻǹŷĶ֣׵Ľˡ뵽¶һĨɬ
ɱҰɡ
ٵֿΪ֪ǵֿҲûˣ˯ŷĶ֡
ȫ㡣
ŷ֣Ҫɱڴʱһģ˳ǰ棬һס˹ŷĹ
󵨣ڳʼѧԺɱˣɫ࣬Źŷ磬ɱȻ
ŷüо˵ʵҲ࣬ҲħˡǿԷ̬ȣŷף˾ԲԼѡ
㵽ʲôˣŷʵ
һƬļ໤ʦ㲻һˣԵ޹ʻɱʼѧԺѧ߲ʼѧԺˡЦ˵
ǰˣ϶ҪŵϾʼѧԺǿƣȻ¾ǿҰοһΪߵС
ȻŷʵˣǺ¾ǿǿȣȴĺԶ
Ҫ㣬û뵽ԼˣȻ㲻ɱҾɱ㡣ŷ˵
ŷĻŭû뵽ŷ羹ȻԼ֣һ۹ŷеһ˵㲻ҪȻˡ
ɱһҪɱҲҪҲɱˣܹŷһЦȴú


1894 ĺ̨
Ȼóŷһ챦֮ʵ൱ŷӵ챦ǹŷĶ֡
뵽󺰵ӣ¡
ŷһνĻӣºǿɣϾһ쾳ǿ߶ˡɫأûг֣ȴӵĳ֡
ֻǣһʱ䣬ûг֣ûĻһ
ɵˣЩãȻ֪ʲô顣
԰һ㶼£˲͸ϵˣǲûֹ
ҲЩɻȻе㲻ͬѰһ㻤ӳֵĶǷǳʱġ
ŷȴͻȻ뵽ԼոϵʦĻԼոϵʦֽš
뵽ŷ糹׷ˡһĨĻأ
ɫѿһ̶ȣȻɵӣףǿƵиȻĻӲܲġ
Ȼһ㣬ֱӳҪ
һضȥ·ǶѾͷ֣ɫ䣬մȾһͻΧ
Ǹһ£̺һ汾Դˡ
ٴγһ򣬹ŷȴһȭ졣
򱻽סǺȴʧ䣬ˣΪŷֻˣͿԴһͻΧ
͹ŷһһһһѪ˳оԷǿҺֻײһ򻰣ͳܲס;Եѹˡ
Ĺа
ʱ򣬺˲ÿЩŷԪڵķ˹ȥڹŷ֣סȥ·һտڡ
е⣬ЩȻǿ󣬵ǺȻûӣ˳ȥ
ǣʱһгݺݵ䡣챦ʼѧԺȫ𶯡
ԡ
ѧԺһӣɫܵԼĺ˳ˡ
ܡ
ŭĲţŷղŻһǴʱȴһ
ղŽ㵲ģҵķŷЦֱ
ǽ͵Ϯһ䲻⣬֯ŷһϣȻǿ쾳ǿߣʱҲȻˣԪ񱻿񱩵ֱ˺飬ɢ֮䡣
ĿɿڴΪһǣȴû뵽ıԼҪء
һ̣Ц˳ָŹŷ磬ֻˣɱ˺˭˶Ȳ㡣
ŷڿһһ
϶ˡŷ絭˵һŲüġ
ЦֹסˣĿͣûκϢŷɱԪ
úСһһߣŹŷ磬ӴɱŷУҪһ
һһ㣬Ǻĺ̨ŷ翴һۣȴ𾪣ʼѧԺǿʵ̫ˣĳһǿߣ¾ǸĴڡ
Ǻ游߿ڡ
ȻԷǺĺ̨ŷȴûнţΪԷŷĺ̨
ΣΪѧԺĹأǸɱֻǳѣѵɱ˲ԣҲóʼѧԺĹ⣿ŷʶԷ
ģͲΪ⣬˵ƿСҪҲ鷳ʱɱ˵ʱʲôҪʥԺĹѹңˡ
ĿͲںŷʡ
ʵϣǿ˵ѧԺ֮УһȨġϾһǿΪ磬ûôľԵĹƽ
ŷҲûָԼĻܹöԷɵֻʼ磬Ȼóֳָ˵˵ˣҲûʲô˵ˣսɡ
ŷĻѾͷ÷һǸϽŷ紫ùŷ侲
侲ûãͷɱĺܼᶨ˵ʲôǰ˵Ҫһսҿɲ뱻֮ٷŷЦ˵
һ£һҲ
ʵϣη߲սûκõģԷѾ˾Ҫɱ˹ŷ磬ŷֻս
ãǰ㡣Ѿͷŷ֮гʣеˣأη壬ȻǿҲս
һ쾳ǿʲô˲ģһԪӰȻ˵һѱˡ
һϻ쵰ѣƴһսҲҪС˻硣ԪҲǴЦ
νη壬սȻŭЦЦ˵ȻǶҾͳȫǣһҲˡ


1895 
ŭˣУⶼϣȻȫվԼϡߣɱȻ
ţҿ㻹˰ɣɱǣд鷳ģرǸɵӵСһһѧԺԺ
ĳ֣üͷһ壬˵Ժ᲻ұɣ
ЩûԳ֣ΪʼѧԺԺʵǿ֮ϡңԷԺʼѧԺû˸Υ
ǾԵȨҲһԸⴥϡ
ȻᣬҪҪĻ֣ҪɱǣƹսǸһƴġԺЦе˵
ս֣ϵһȻԥ
Цһ˵Һδؾս
ĻЩһЩ顣Ȼʵпܲͬ˵һֻϲ¹ս
ʼѧԺԺȻҲһ㣬̲סЦЦȻ˵֪ǲǹսƴǴӮˣҲḶܴĴ۵ģֵ𣿡
Ӯս΢΢һ飬֪ԺڷԼʵȻδشӮս
һкԺк˵Ƿţ
ҪɱҲŪ˹ŷһۣʼѧԺԺ̲סЦ˵
һ϶ѣܹʲôŲм˵
ˣǿϣ֮ԻҲǺ͹սйϵġԪˣʵǹս͹ġʱͺ֮䣬һЩͻűս׾ٵѹһ㱻սɱ
ȻսǺҲǼˣҲǺΪʲôѧԺԭֻǶû뵽ǣǵԹ˺
ǰϣ⹫ɲϡԺ̾
üͷһ֪ܹԺ˵ˣ϶˭
ϱʼѧԺԺЦ˵
ŵһϱǸȻ֮УҲǾԾ˵ģ˵˼㡣
У㿴ее𣿡ʼѧԺԺٴʵ

ϵļⶼڳ鴤
˸㣬ϹսʵĵӣսѾָˣȻһƬսսȻսˣҲʼѧԺԺٴ˵һ
ŵɫѾܹѿˡ
»ҲˣڶͨڣҪǸӦԼʦˣʲô
ŵɫѾȫĺ⼸ˣ߳һܹǱӴˣû뵽һȫQˡ
УʦϣӦϢˣܺͻ֮䣬Ҳһǣ
ݣҪ˵ˡգϹ񣬴ʱ̲סˡ
Щ˶֮еĴһǾǿ˸һ涼Ҫֹ
οЩˣ͹ŷ֮йϵ
ҪǣŷҵʦܣʦոµĹŵӡһ仰˵ʼѧԺԺ̲סЦˡ
⣬ѡֱӿˣݺݵĵԺһۣתߡ
⣬ҲѧԺԺűŵӣĵĴЦˡʵϣź֮䣬һĺѣ˵Ĺϵһֱ
ˣ㲻Ҫˣʦܾǲ֣ҲֳˣʼѧԺĹ򣬲Υһɫ
ߣҲΪҳԲġЩŭ˵
ΪԭĻʵҲű𡣵Ǵʱ֪ŷͷֱ֮ӷ˸Ĵ㡣
ЦǿԸ𲻴ǲֹԼԺҲ޷ǿߵĴ׷ɱ
ЩһǹǿߡͬΪ쾳ĴڣǺԼһ㶼Щ˵Ķ֡
ˣҷİɣǷֵصˣԺ󲻻鷳ˡĿɨŷǣЦ˵
ŷƲ죬ʦҪɵţžԷġ
ʦвͬŷ磬쵽ŷ
УɵȻûкˡŷ˵
û뵽ŷ˵Ļһ£Ȼе㺹յ˵ʦܾһɣֻƢһ㣬㺦˵ģرǶЩղֻǼŭˣģʦֱ֤ԺԲ֡
ΪʲôҪ㣿ŷɴ۾һɡ
ߣһôôźԼѾ˵زˣȻԼ


1896 
ⴭŴǱġŶһٴγϧһдۣҪɵŷ硣
Ѿ˵ʲôˣŷ绹ǲģŭ
ˣСһﲻҪˣ֤ŲḴ𡣡һ쿪ˡ
Ļŷɫһ䣬¶һĨЦݣ˵ʦȻˣҪǻͬĻֱ̫֪ȤˣˣҲٺǸżƽˡ
ȭͷ߬һЩҪǼɵŷˣǺ͹ŷ֮ĹϵҪɵŷ磬һ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ѵ䣬ܶػŷɫһ⡣
ʵϣŷã飬ֻ֪֮ǰûᡣֱڣվ˳
ԣŷ⣬ҲǺܲģҲΪʲôԼʦֵԭ
ܶû£ʺ⣬ǸػһļǿУһǽػͻȻ˹ŷĲпЦ֪Լһʦܣ磬ԲῴļʿġڵǺˣԼʦܣǶԼԹһˬӡ
Խǽӻŷ˵һɫ
ŷĻ΢΢üͷ̲ס˵ʦܣ̫ڸң˴ˡ
ԺǶµ˵ĻԺµļѽӳҴ뿪ʼѧԺ⡣ŷɫһ䣬˵
ƺΪԺȻǲԸʦ̲֡סЦڸܵԼʦܵǺεȸˡ
ʦܼȻԼȥˣǾԼ֣һʲôʦֻеġ˵
лʦ֡
ŷתڣ׿һۣ˵ףϤȥ
˰ɣҴɣҪԵ޹ʽǣ棬øè鷳Ԫ˵
ʱһʵȻѾۼҾԲһۼսһ쾳ĴԴڹŷİ£ٱԪ˾Ų㣬ûΪǲǲء
˵ҲǣԪǰҴ·ŷͷ
ҲףԼУҪ̫Ϊáʵϣ飬Ǳ֪ˣ϶ܲѵСڶЩˡ
һۣǸܵе뷨Ц˵Ѿͷϲ͸Ӱɡ
ʲô׵ɴ۾ֱԼĶ䣬ԺҪԼӣ죬ûɡ
Ҫ֪ʼѧԺУϼһ֮⣬ǵ֮ĵһǿߣ¾ǿߡңΪǾˣʼѧԺԺѧԺ֮УĻʥּû˸Υ
һˣΪӣͱ¨ӣᵣˡ
ԣֱӱͻҸˡ
СѾͷһκӣȻɵɵվ˿Цãŷ̲סѵʲôһʦ
ŷӦֱȻڵϿͷ
׽˵Ӽʦ𡣡
á
Цее⣬ԼյӣʦյĵҪɶˣôô˳ġ
ȴˣԼҲĵӡ
ף㲻õˣԪǰ߰ɡŷ翴Ԫһۣ˵
Ԫ·뿪
û˸ȥΪ֪ûбҪǺźǿߣĻûܹвŷ硣
ħһﻹѧԱڣֻΪ൱Сߺʹ۶ࡣ
ȴ쳣ǿƣܵŷǵĵЩħһʿ̲סʲôˣȻôħһеأ
ЩħһĳԱ֪ԼĴӣѾɱħһȻǿ󣬵ǴʱڳʼѧԺ֮еʵѾ͵һĵز
ܶŷ絭˵
ʱЩħһĳԱڿ˵ĳࡣԪȻʶһ¶̵ɫⲻĹӵ°ܽѾˣû뵽㾹Ȼ
ĹӳһսԪ𡵭˵
ƨ֪λӳȥȥˣȻ˵ĻֱЦֵȴλӻսǸħ˵һȻɫԪС
ֻǣĻŷȴ̲סЦ
λӣԶزˡŷ絭˵
ʲô˼Ǹħһ㶡
ŷ翴һۣ˵ղɱֵܣǵòĻǾħһˡ


1897 ټܶ
˻һħһڵĵȫˡǾĲšĸүɱˣôܡҪ֪ˣ쾳ǿߣʵ
֣˵ܹ޵УȻһЩ쾳еǿߣҪܹߡ
οѧԺ֮УȫѧΪﵽ쾳ĳԱʵܹ࣬ѹ˵ģûС
˵˵Ǹħߴ󺰣Ĳš
ŷЦپ⣬ʵңܶ
ΣɱǣҲġǸħҧղطϵĸүȴһѶûС
ĳ˹ȵףⲻҲ˵ǵλǿĹӣĺܱܿǰȫɱˡ
뵽ǻ
λӣȫ˽ܣѧԺеĵλ൱ĸߡȴնɱУȻûֳʲôǶ֪ⲻ
ǾͽȫɱˣԼҡŷ絭˵׼֡
ǰЩħһǿߣûʲô˵ģԷȻԸ˵ͳִɱ䡣
һ⣬ŷһָղ˵ǸħһĻ߱ɱ
ħһʿȻǾŷ緢ŭȣȻһķŷ֡
ò˵һˣǳǿƣȻ֪ŷʵǿ󣬵ǴʱȻҪ֣ŷ硣
ԼɱЩˣŷЦһ˫ֽӡȻһɱ
ããɱͬʵʣȫѹ
ǲ֮ͬײЩʿڹŷǰͬһ㡣ħһʿаˣȫеٮٮߣʱȫɱһûʣ¡
ѪȾ죬ϰٸħǿ䣬ûһҴߡ
˸ܵߵĶʱ̲סԾǲҹ±꼰
ħѧԱȻȫˡЩѧԱ
һǿߣǵĸħ巢Լķˡ
ִˣħǰưոݡۣܶЩȺʿɫ䣬ΪҲħһĳԱ
ʱħѧԺȻһֵԼ
ǿħУĴӣһͨ쳹صǿߣʿȫ쾳
һµȺۼĵطҲˣǵʵħ壬ܵסɱ
ãȥүǸػųһѧԺһĻ֮תߡ
ˣҲŹЩǵȺǾԲŹץס˵Ⱥһ֮УƿػǰʽǲųĻҪ⡣
ɱħǿ֮󣬹ŷ¶һĨЦӳȥ߲ܶĴڡ
һᣬŷϱ¶һĨЦݣӳһ⣬סԪ𡣬ʧ
һ֮УܶУ棬ĵħƣȴûܵʲô˺ǵ۾һŭɫ
ܶһ˫ͣȶҪŪϡֻʩչá쾳ǿ͵ӣʹ쾳ǿ߱סҲѣοǲܶ
ʵͱ֮ǰԪࡣ
Ԫ͹ŷ߽ʱ򣬲ܶ¶һĨɫŭЩ쵰ȻǶץ˽ŷ磬ôʼѧԺˣﲻƵء
ܶһյӣŷԪ̲סЦ˳
زǻЦóЩһҪƳɿܣǱ͵϶ǿеĵطҲ군ˡܶϴһĨ̾Ϣ
˵˵ʲôǲŲǱץءԪЦ˵
ܶһ£ʶ˲Ǳץģжɣûյκơ
һ⣬ܶϲ˵͵͵ģ죬ΪˣϽɿ뿪
Եúܸˣû뵽ŷˣȻֻܹҪסӣǾͿӳȥˡ
Ҳ͵͵ġŷҲЦ˵
ܶû飬ͷˣҲ鿪Ц
ܶסˣŪͿˣǱץģҲ͵͵Ľģѵ˺ħͬˣ
ԪͲ֮ܶ䣬ദʱ̫ˣһܶɫ֪ѷЩʲô̲סҡͷЩЦõ˵Ͳ뵽Ǵġ
ⲻܡܶȻˡ
ʵĸ̬Ķ֣ŷǱʱ̫ˣǸʱ䣬ܹھԲܣһǳǶڣԲܹɽġܶ¶һĨЦݣԼ¶ˡ


1898 ͻػ
ܶһԼ¶ԵӣŷоԼЩۡ
ʱͬգѾɳˡŷһ档
ָᵯֱӱܶϵӡòܶԾҪ֪ʵͺ˷ֺӣڹŷУȴ׽顣
ңŷһɵӣȻ⻹ʵء
ʱ򣬲ܶЩŹŷĻˡ
Ǹղ˵Ķģ̲ܶסʵ
ŷ緢֣ǧټ棬ܶԸ񣬺ǰȫһûжôĮȻһԡ
ŷȻ֪ʲô飬ȴϲӵĲܶ
Ȼġŷͷ
̲ܶסһ̾Ҿ˵ЩһƽģʵȻѾɳһˣֱ˼飬Ŷ೤ʱ䣬һǧ꣬ǿʿ˵ֱǵָһ˲䡣
ЩˣǲܹԳģŷҲ⡣Ԫȴڣ˵Ļ
ܶڼ̵ʱڣ𣬼ǿԶԣŷֻǱЩһˡ
ԣûʲôóԾġ
Һ⣬Ҳ̫̬ˡ̲ܶסҡͷ
ռŷʱ򣬹ŷ粻ֻһˡǧµָ䣬ŷȴѾɳһ
ˣҪ˵Щˣǽػǰӳŷ˵
ŷĻ˵ͷ߳
ǳʱϽӰһ˺ȻػһˣһǿߣŷܹԷһͷ֮ɱһµɱڶԷϡ
Ǹһһ˵ϡվǶסˣΪҲһ쾳ʿ
ֻȻסˣҲǻһϵð˴亹
һĻܶڹŷʵҲûһ㻳ɣ֮еͷߣҲǵʵǿ쾳
ڹŷѹ֮£ȴѾ˵˹ŷʵ
и̾ŷĳ׳ɳˣΪѾԽЩˣңңǰˡ
ϢŭͷڣϴһĨη塣
ŷ綢ɫĮû˵ǺȻܹδɱ⡣
ӥ죬֮ǰĵѷìܣȫԸģȫΪħһȣһ壬ħһĶֻ֣ܹЭҵȻ֣ȴδ˺ʿһѯػѣҵûΪѹԴðһ亹ӥŵ˵
ػһۣ֮дһĨ
ػͷ˵δΪңֻǲ׼뿪ѣĴ͹һ
ŷԼɱ⣬˶Էһۣ˵ȻˣҲΪ㣬Ժסʿ֣ȻĻħһ³ǵ³ҪΪȺеĸֳͿҵĻǧʱ䣬ز˵ȵ۷ʱǳ֡
ǧʱ䣬ôǿΪӥһŷ񣬼ֱڿһ
磬˲֪ˡ
Ȼˣе˶˵ֱ˵ˣȹǿһ
Ǻ͹ŷȣӥȴãԼʲô㲻ϣһ¶˹ϡ
ˣԲǣţŷһ̤Ϊ۷壬ŽΪǿһˡ
뵽ӥ¶һĨЦݣ˵ᣬԲģѴԷģӽտʼӥ죬һĳԱĵһ鷳
ŷ¶ɫ˵ʶࡣ
ŷĻӥпЦҪʶ࣬ǿŷӣֻҪŷһɵ
ӥ첻Ȼʵʵġ
գӥ뿪ŷػǣصʿڵءۼ˲ˣǸղŹŷδġ
ллʲһ쾳ǿ߿ϣΪ˵ӣһֱڱչأֱڣǳء
ԪΪŷܣЩˣǵ걻ԪǱϽϹŴҲһЩ콾ȫط
֪ŷǹսһɱħǿߣЩ˿ŷ񶼱ˡ
ŷǴкԪʵҴ˸ء
ŷĻԪӴӻͳһСƿӣȻݸ˹ŷ磬̾Ϣ˵ֻʣһˣƿһ鶼ס
ŷƿһ˯״̬ɫǳѿ
˯һ˿飬˼㣬ȻƿҲʱɢһ㡣ʱŷͻȻԼһˣĻ˸磬Ҫˡ


1899 κ˸ϵ
ŷ֣˯ȻֶľҪһ㣬һЩǿҲԣȴҪֶΡ
Ϊ˯ֻʣһ飬һ飬˵ƣһЩĻܿ˯ֱӱ飬
ڹŷУȴԵ̫赭дˣ˯Ȼһδ
˯ѹ֮󣬿ŷ磬Ҳ̲ס̾ǸСһҪǴʱŷȴĳɳˣԽǣﵽһֲľ硣
ĳԱһ̸Щľ
֪ŷΪ֮˶ݣҪ֪ΪۣҪǵʱһˣ֮ͬУѹһе֣ҪԵǿ󣬲ܹΪۡ
һֹλʮʱ䣬Գ棬ȫһ˵ϡ
ʮҪֵҪѸľҪǰۡЩˣеĳΪ쾳ǿˣҪǣʵ̫ˡ
ԣһֻۣʮꡣ
ǣŷҪ⣬Ŷ꣬ʵѾ쾳ɱ쾳ǿߡʮ£ŷпܴﵽʲô磬һ붼̲סҪ
̫ˣһĳɳˣûʲôܹסģ϶деǿ֮һԲ⡣
ŷȴνΪЩеǿߣҲսǸѣδѳȥǹⲻռĿꡣ
ȻûڳԼˣŷûбҪǰԼ׳־׾ͺˡ
һħĴӱնɱ鷳ǵλʵǳڳʼѧԺǵǳȥ֮󣬶ħҪǳ֡˯ĵ˵
ػҲɫأħ壬жǿ壬ڣһţһĻ鷳
ǻνڳʼѧԺûгȥǹŷ粻һҪϻ磬ĻԷлɱŷ硣
û£ֶΡŷ粢ġ
ŷʮ㣬ȻȻЩǣҲ֪ǹŷǿߣԲûаյ顣
Ƕ˵ֻǺ͹ŷ
һ壬ӥ콫Ϣ˳ȥõһ֮еĴ𰸣ǾǲҪС
ӥףеĳǶɵӣףʵǣرֻΪ˼СĳͻȴһȺµļһ
٣ӥ֪ԪǾǹսġǸµǿߣʱֵʱһѹ˺ţӥȺеĳǺϣҪһ㣬ȴͲܡΪţһµǿߣμӹһս
ˣһʱοʵȷʵˡ
ǿߣʼѧԺǸܵԼϢ֮ȫ¶Цݡ
Щ˲Ǳˣκˡǲͣƣҵ˹ŷ硣
ֻƬйŷϵʥеķǱȻҪõĶ
ԣǳʼѧԺκ䱾ҪȥͻȻ̲סһ
ʼѧԺǬҲɫһ䣬ǱҪµĶֹסˣɫ֮΢΢Щѿ
ĵطǶ£ǳʼѧԺȴһһǶҪֹĵط
쵰ôȥ˳ʼѧԺɫѿ֪е㲻ˡǹŷһֱڳʼѧԺ֮Уǿɲҽнŷ
ʼѧԺ֮пµǿߣһкȻǸˣҲзֹΪǶ֡
鷳ˣʵ϶ڵһʱ䶫ǸСϵĶǲõˡǬɫѿ˵
ԭȴҡͷЦ˵δأǸϼһ߰ޱȣδػǸСĶİɣǻлġ
Ǹô죿Ǭʵ
ȡԭ˵
κҲͷЦʽ̫ãСģΪ˽ʵģ̫ʱ䣬϶뿪ʱǵľͻᣬɱ˶ᱦ
κĻǬԭͷҲִ㡣
ڻѶ೤ʱ䣬˵Ͳʲô⣬Ȼǧ£ŴҴң˵Ҳǵָһ˲䡣ʱǣûκ塣
ҪʲôһĮһֺֻ˹
˾ŭκŭ졣
ͬʱ֣Ϊµͨ֡
䡣
ȫըͨûһֱ̣ӳ˳ȥԶֻҲ˻ȥûм׷ϡ
ھ֮ңĵطͣ˵ɫǳѿǶһۣȫԷϵĺɫ


1900 ħ彵
ƥ̫ˡǬŭһѪաȻڸղŵһײ֮Уܵһˡ
κҲɫ˵ȴ̫ˣǷУѹˣ̫Եˡ
ȵպƿֻƬһҪɵǸϼһԭЦ
˶ǳŭΪǷУ־ͳ֣һӴˡ
κ˿Կ϶ҪԭصĻԷһʱǾߣôˡ
ô죿ڳʼѧԺǸûа취ʼѧԺǬɫѿ˵
˶һۣԷеơ
ھʼѧԺľ̫ԶˣǵȻܹأ©ùŷߡ
ǽӽĻǿ϶ᱻ췢֣ʱ֣ǻҪǱӡңʼѧԺĸ֣Ǳһ˳ǿܵĻᶼûС
Ϊʲôҽӽԭ֮һʼѧԺʵ̫ǿˡ
ֻеһ֣к֣ܶδ֣ߣĳѧΪӣȻ̵Է
һѧֻһЩ쾳ǿָ쾳ǿߣ֮еͨڡ
ȻҲ൱ˡ
Ͼܹ̤쾳Ĵڣһʵˡ
λôﵰ۵ʱһȵ
һ£Ȼ˹ȥ
ħ壬һȺ˳֣һ
˵ħĴͷߣκҲʶħ峤Ԫαһʵ侪ˡ
һĴڣսŲ׵սʵǿ˼㡣
ԪαѣҪǰʼѧԺκʵ
ԪαͷȻ¶һĨŭɫΪħڳʼѧԺǿߣȫɱˣҵĸá
˻һκ¶ȵɫȻ˸ħ壬Щ⡣
ʲô˳ֵģκһ飬ǸĳԱйϵ
ںħĽ࣬Ҳ֪ħеǿûкøУǸСһǰʼѧԺ飬пܱǸСģҲʵ
һ飬ܵ˳ʼѧԺıӻǿЦʼѧԺ֮УˣȻƫ̻ĳԱұҪúһ£ΪʲôôҪΪħһ𣿡ԪαЦ
ɱȻ첻Ǻء
ԪαĻ˶һۣ˶Էеϲɫ
κ룬Ȼ˵ʵҲΪǸСˣ֪ܲǸСѾڣһڳ֣ɱǲٵӡ
κĻԪαԵЩԾû뵽ǸСȻ˵󡣶һڣҪ֪ȻǿǺǿ󣬵վһţѾһˣʹҪڣôס
Ǳߣ鷳ʵǣһڰбʹǶס֮лܵ޴Ĵ
ǸС죿Ԫαȵ˵
ǺǶںղֻǽӽڳʼѧԺԳ֣Ǵˡ˵κ¶һĨŭɫ
װġ
һֱţһΣҲŲˣλǰΪֹλԸĻԺһ𡣡ԪαЦ˵
֪ʼѧԺǿλǿߡ
ʵݣҪ֮Ϊǰˣʵ֪κǶһۣЩ
Ϲļ룬ҪõֻƬûô򵥡
ҲһλᣬԪαǣܹʼѧԺȻĻ˵ʵ޷ӽ
뵽κ˵ãһͬǰȥ
ǬԭҲͷҲףһȥĻлõֻƬǲȥĻһᶼûˡ
λѵļ룬绢ҵҪһ컹ܹסЩ𣿡ԪαЦ
κҲЦˣһȺʼѧԺ߹ȥ
ŷںԪǼᣬǴʱȴһɫʱѿ
ôˣԪʵ
鷳ˣǴ鷳ŷüͷ˵
˲⣬һ̣ǱˡһµϢ٣ǵأȫ쾳ǿߣкܶϢȫԽһ쾳ǿߣںִڡ
ԪαʼѧԺʲôķŭѧԺ֮һӰȫ쾳ǿߡ
һϰˣȫȥⶼǳʼѧԺĸ֣ȫµǿߡ


1901 ǰ׳
ϰ쾳ǿߣ⻹ǳʼѧԺиءŷ𺳣ôǿߣﻹõµ֡
֮еǿߣʵ̫ˣʼѧԺôǿߣȫŷ󣬺嫵򣬵жǿߡѹǿնеܹӸ档
ŷһ£˵ҹȥûҵĴ˭ܹȥ
С
˵˲ǱˣǶѾͷǿĶŹŷ磬˵쾳µĿԲȥ쾳֮ϵģûɲȥ
ȻҪţݹŷ練ԡ
ŷüʱ÷Ҳˣ磬㲻ҲɣҸɲ顣
ɫᶨŷЦãֻܹͷ
ԪҲ뿪ڣŷֱ˵ǾͲҪȥˣʵȥ˾ҡ
ЩƣǱ֮Уǳһزααв٣ȴŷ˵̫ˣ̫ζˡ
ҲףŷĻǺ˵˵ʵ
뵽̾һû˵
˯ЦСӣʵǿʲô˲𣬾Ȼˣ֮ҪúõĽѵ㡣
ΪŷĴ˸磬ЩȻ˵
ŷһЦ˵ŷʵǿҲֻһѣ˸λǰҪѵĻ֮ŷžǡ
ǫ飬ԴȻأڳж˲١
ܶЦˣ˵ôϻʲô
ŷЦ
ʱҲûһ٣ֻùŷСġ
뿪ߡ
⣬СħһѧǳʼѧԺҲͰˣȻƫ̻ǣѵԼ̫𣿡ŷǳ֣Ԫα۾һϽ˵
ħѧԱŴƻѧԺеĹ͸ˣŷ֣ҲǾͬģҲûбҪҹŷ鷳Ҫ뱨𣬾Ұɡ⵭˵е鶼
ĻԪα΢΢üͷû뵽⾹ȻԹŷ缸ôά·е㲻Ծ
⣬ûбҪˣΪ˼Сħ壬ֵ𣿡Ԫαʵ

ڴʱͻȻǳһŭĿԲԪαԪαһ
ҪʲôԪαĶ⣬ͻȻԼһֲ
Ц˵ҵСʦܣΪС֪ʸûн𣿡
Ļ˶Щ㶡ʿȻʦܣôܣ
ܣԪα̲ס
κǶһۣԷеءʦΪʲôҪԼˡ
ԼҪץŷ磬Ȼ޷ܣΪŷĵӡ
⣬㲻ҪΪǲ֪ŷ磬֮еĵۣʦ𲻴ǲ죬ϹսʣΪһ㶼˽𣿡Ԫα˵
˵ѣֻΪǼɵѣԲ˵һԣʵϣŷ粻ͽܡ
Ǻǣ飬ô˵ҡͷ˵
Ԫαʱ򣬵еˣΪƢҶǳ˽⡣ͷĻԲ˵ŷʦܡ
Ҳ˵ŷ磬ĵӡ
ŷĲǸղԪα˵ĻȻ֪ԼϢ֪Լ֮еĵۣԵúܲһ㣬ŷһֺΣյĸо
ͨԪαŷͻȻף֮УеˣȻŷǴûзֵģһڵġ
򲢲һ㶼Ҳ˵磬ʵ˲ٵ˽⡣
ⲻһ飬رеһЩûһ˼¡
ŷԼȥԺһҪˡ
Ԫαɫһ䣬Цһ˵ʹǰĵӣҲܾɱħǿߣ飬ǱҪһ
Եúǿƣʮ㡣
ɫԪα˵Ҫʲô
ŷ罻ǴԪαԥ˵
ǰ׳𣿡̲סЦˣԪαɫڿһɵһŷ磬Ԫα˵ƾһħ壬û͡
ЩʼѧԺʦҲЦˣǳĶԪαڿһɵơ
ԪαȻܵǵĿ⣬ֱҧһŭɫзݣҪЦһǶЦˡ
ŷȴãûô򵥣ħȻ˵Ǿ׼ġ


1902 
飬˽ᡣ
ŷףվû˵иǿ߱ӻͷΪΪŷкס
⣬̫ˣӻǿߣͬԴΪУһҪֻһŷǽҲ뽻ҲҪһΣԪαĻǿƣȻһǿȵĸо
۾һף¶һĨЦݣ˵ƾЩ𣿡
ħǿߣκڣʮ쾳ǿߡߣ쾳ǿߣϰٸ
սĻʼѧԺžԵơ
ȻǡԪαһЦһ֣λǰ
һ֪鷳ˣܹԪαǰˣȻһˣܿʦĴڡ
Ȼ˳֣һ̬ӣһ˫ȴͬһ㣬ȻЩ쾳ǿߵϣҲľ
ŷһܵ˾޴ѹָоĸоһġ
Ǹǿߣһ㶼Ҫɣ̫ǿˣڣ͵ס
һһŮɫĮһѳսףȴ࣬ò࣬ȴоβ趯Ǭ
β⵹һϳǸӵݣ֮УҲֻʶһˡ
ǸŮӣЦ绨һ˫ǳͬʯһ㣬һۿ嶼ˡ
ֻǣߺŮˣȴʶ
ǣأԽصǿߣҲԽ¡
ʲôʱе飬˲ˡһһûκϣǿȴɫء
죬þòˣʶ𣿡Ǹ߿ڣ˶䶼Ҫˡ
ˡ쵭˵
Ǹ߱ȻޱȣǵĻʱȴɫһͣ죬Ц˵ôĻ쵰ܲˡ
ͻ쵰˵ѣ㻹ʲôӵĿ˵֣˵ģҲǹ˵ǵˣûӡˣһСҶϡƤӶ̧ȴ˵һ
С˵Ǹߵİɣⶼ̲סզ࣬Լʦ̫ǿˣЩѾ֪ж꣬ûмʦķˡ
һ죬̫ˣĿˣסҽа˵
ȻаĻ쵰û뵽ôȥˣǻûгԣΪǲ֪˵ǲźˡҡͷһӲɽ̵ӡ
һĻ쵰ҪǸģǲֻһսˡа˵ĿɭȻϣȻ˵Ҳʶ֣Ǵʱȴʮ㣬ΪѾ̤Ǹ硣
䡣
֣һƳȥٵ˼㣬а˹ȥ
ʹаΪͬһǿߣҲûзӦ͵ϮһƳ˳ȥ
ɳȥһɽײķ顣
𾪣Ҫ֪ʼѧԺ½ǱģȻ쾳ǿȫ֣Ҳδܹɶˡ
οֻǱɳȥײһɽɴ˿ɼаʵԵľˣǿ˼㡣
Ȼܹһƽаȷɳȥ˵ǿȻղһУ͵Ϯǿߣﻹ͵Ϯ˵
ʲôʱʲôǶȳ֣ʵǲࡣҲ˵ʵʵǱаҪǿġ
ղŵһĻǸβŮӣ΢΢ɫ
ǱãʵԼҪڲ֮䣬ǿһ㣬֮Ǳıָо
˵ģһ֣ʵͱҪǿ
ΣЦʵ
а˻ŭ趯ɱȻŭ޳ܣΪһǿߣȻ͵ϮֶΡ
Ҳ͵ϮһΡ쵭˵
ĻаɫһͣȻһ㣬Ȼɱڣǻûг֡
Ҷǵѣαضλأѣһûб˼ֻҪСһ㡣Ůָָŷ磬Ц˵
ʵϣǱǴ㶯ֵģɱ죬ʼѧԺ֮Ǿͷִ㣬Ϊʵ̫ǿˣȻ֣Ҳδܹɱ졣
ߣһʵʤһǿ߱˭ҲŲס
Ȱ谮ͽܽҡ쿴Ůһ˵
Ůһ㶣üͷЩ˵˵Цˣ谮ĵӣȻͬһ㣬ôܹ׽ء
Ůҽҵĵӣǲ߻ħ˵Դˡ


1903 ǷԱ
Ůɫ׺û뵽ĻȻ˲ĹǺ
ŷĴָʦ𣬲ѣһ˰˵ķ̫ķ緶ˡ
죬㲻ҪװɵֵҪ㽻ŷ磬ΪһСѣûбҪǽϵֵôŮ˵
ƷҲ˵ŷҵĵӣҪ˺ҵĵӣҪȴҡɫҲ
Ļùŷжʦ̫ˡ
죬ѵ˲һĶ֣βڣ˵
ĿɭȻϣûκα飬ֻдɱ⡣еˣԵúܿ¡
ԡ쵭˵
ȻҪһŷ綼òܡΪ˵ʵȻһ㣬Ҳ̫ģһ첻Ȼûдﵽʵڳ˶ʿȻеʵԱȡ
죬̫ˣλѣһ֡βɫĮûʲôϻ˵䣬Ҫ֡
ƷаȻݣҪֵʱȴԥΪͷ̫ˣڼﵽ磬ǶֵĻûһ
նɱʮ֮һˣôƽ
βĻ䣬ȴȳˡͶԷ˵ʲôأֱ֣βɱ˹ȥ
һֻֻǬھβϡ
βХ׼ΪףһƵˡβ趯ȫơ
죬һЩΪ쾳ǿߣоԼ䶼һ㶼ˡײֱףǶ֮ըˡ
üͷβˣȻ֣аײһһ̣ٴӭƷĹ
һġȻʵʱҲɵõˣɫ죬һŽڵѪƽȥ
ˣҲһԶԣ˲١Ƕ죬ɫ֮дһĨ
죬Ѿܵˣһ˲ǵĶ֣ǸСΪѡƷԼ̬ǳ
ÿ𣿡Ц
Ȼһ·磬ȴȻ壬ѾЩ͵壬ʱ͵ֱϣǿϢ
ղȻбʶһ㣬βɫ΢䡣
ɱ
ȥսǿߡ
ǳ嵽죬ھ֮ϼսȫΪµͨĴǿ߼սǿ򣬺̲ܶסһ
ǺεǿߣȻܹ档ǿߵϳһ˵Ϣ
ʼѧԺ鷳ˣϼһ㻹ţӲ˰ɡҲǿֻ
ϣһγʼѧԺܹ˵
ȻУӳʼѧԺҲʵϣһ棬ûоԵŽᣬȫΪɱֵֻʱ򣬲ŻŽ
ʼѧԺ֮УĴǿ߼ս
Ԫα⣬Ц˵⣬αΪһСԼʦȥŷ罻ǣұ֤λǰ֡
ãס֣ҽԼ㡣ŷͻȻվ˳Ԫα˵
˻һԪαǶһ£üͷŷ˵ʦģʦ𲻻£ʦҲñ۸ġ
Ļŷ¶һĨмɫȴЦ˵ʦ֣ҲǣȻΪҵ飬Լȥɡ
ȥɣ顣ѾͷȻ˵
Ԫα¶ϲɫЦ˵ŶʶʱΪܣŷȻΪ֮еĵۣȻʶʱ񡣡
ʵϣԪαȴŷһɵƣҪĻԲܷǿߵıӻãԼ
߹ŷԪα߹ȥκȴһֲĸо
˶һۣԷеĺɡ龰еơ
뵽۾һͻȻʶˣŷ÷˺ǣõֶͬΡ
뵽κǾҪѡ
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷͻȻһԪαǳ˹ȥ
κ֪ãֱԶȥ
ʱҲǴѧԺʦȥֻԪαǻԭأɵĿŹŷ硰Ͷ
ԣҪԱڹŷ嵽ߵʱԪαʶԡ
ʱȴѾˣŷֱӱˣǵǰըһɿֲȫԪαǺȥ
һЩ쾳ǿߣֱӾͱɱˣ𡣶ԪαȻҲܵ˲˺ȫըɣݺݵԶĴ֮ϡ
һȺɵơŷһ޵ֻ֮ʧ
ղֻƬֱֳʩչԱһΣٻɱ쾳ǿߣȫˡ


1904 
һԲˬΪ̫ˣΪһ壬ʵ̫ˡǵ츳ͨȴǷŷ̶ֳȣʹκǿߣһʱ֮䣬Ҳֲ١
ֻǣղκ˷˲ûˣùŷʧ
ԪαҪ˵Ŀ⣬κ˵ʱ򣬹ŷЦˣЧòƸá
ȻղԪαҲʶˣκ֪ŷķԱȴûǣԼȴ˲˳ȥħǿߣԪα޹ŷ磬ǽеĺ⣬ȫеκϡ
κɫÿԭЦ˵ѣ˵Ǹղûüѣ𣿡
ĻԪα¶һĨЦ˵ţҵȻţλѵΪˣԪαҲǼʶˣǺǡ
ԪαĻɫһһףǬƢΪ꣬ЦԪα㲻ǰ˵Щɱǵ˹ŷ磬б½¡
κԭΪȻҲãԪαеˣϾɱ˵ģҲԼûбҪԼ
ԪαЦһû˵
ֻǶ֮ϣڳ֣ҪŷǲܵģǵʵʼѧԺڸǱŷһըƸˡ
ֻҪսܣһжܹŤת˫˵ģΪǿߵս
еţܹԼʦ·硣
βˣʵͺʦ࣬һսڣֻ΢һ·磬Ѿˡ
Ҫˣǲܵģ˫սֻһʯ٣Ǿսܡ
ŷҲͬģΪԼԭ
뵽ŷ翪ڣ˵ʦûйϵͽԼҪٲ档
ĹƨŷĻŭŭӵͽܣ˭۸Ҫץ㣬ȸɵҡ
ŷжȻˣǵһαĸо
˵ȴˣ˵϶ŮĻ͸ӹ
϶˶һ
Ѿͷȴ¶ϲɫʦˡ
һӳ֣һ£һȣһ£󣬴ʱ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ѿˣ￴˺ܳʱĺϷû뵽ϼһȻôʵһ˵סͬǿߣ·磬
϶ŲٸҷϻĻӵһ˽֮˵
Ļ϶ɫһû˵Щϼһ֮УϼһΪλѣ򶾵ϣϼһһɣ
򶾣һˡ棬ǰˣȻȫ̲סһԭǶѾͷʦ
Ҳˣֻһڣܹ̳Ѿͷĵӡ
档βһɫˡ
аȴ֪˭ΪһЩ飬а֮У֮еģ֮⣬ˣʶ
ʲô棿βѣѾٲ֮壬ʲôܹãĪҪšаһ칥һ˵
аĻβɫˣһĶأȻġǰ˭棬ԶǿߡдԣĶܹɱˡ
ȻҲе󣬵ǿ̶ֳ֪ȵĶԸЩ쾳ʿһⶼûеġ
Ʒɫ΢΢һ䣬ǳаҪǶʦʵһҪǿ
аɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱʶҲԼ̫ΪˡþβƷﶼɵĴڣȻƽɫ
㲻ҵĶһĨаЦ
ʣټϸղа˵ˣȻ̱ı̬ȡĵͷֵͬʱȴзĶ
аѣȡƷͻȻһ
аһʱһѾʧˡһ㶾ʴԼ壬ֻһᣬѾڵ˶ˡ
ⶾ̫ˣɫ䣬ȫȫѹֶ
ڴʱβֱӳ֣аͷ­ն
ͷ­֮µλãֱӽЩ岿λЦݵˡ
ֶɱ̶ֳǿߵԪһжһҪϡβ˵˶סˣûм춯֡
һ棬԰ģȻսȥˡ


1905 Χɱǿ
аָԪȴ˲٣ҲЩղŲһ㣬Ҫɱˡ
ôҲû뵽ֻһ֣Ȼ˿ֲֶּǿߣܲס
֮УһĨ廹ɱ⡣
ɱңܳ֡浭һЦ
ֶԵúţվһܹԽɽһ㡣
аɫĬû˵ʱ档
·Ԫαɫÿĳ֣ǵϣǸû뵽顣ڣﻢ£ΪѾ˳ʼѧԺһûнĻ˵ʵֵ̫ˣƽ޹ʵĶһӴĵˣһ޽
ǣڣˣʹƣҪˣҲǲܵ顣
ʵ͡
βɫ粻֪ν
ǻ𣿡ʵ
ĻβЦһ˵ʱ뿪
ӲţΪǶ֣ҲܴӮˣõĽսһƽ֡һΣʧˡ
߹ԼʵҲ͹˳ʼѧԺû뵽ǾȻһڱ棬һǸǿߡ
뿪ĻҲԶ뿪ˡ쵭˵ɱʮ㡣
Ļβǵɫ粻ֻаȴЦڣҪɱǣҲûôףŷ磬ȻĻұǳʼѧԺܹסһʱסһӡ
аĻһβƷɫ䡣֪⻰˵˵ǲˣԸ񣬾Ȼ뿪ġ
ȻЦһͻȻŷ纰ͽܣһá
ŷһȻûԥֱӽӸ졣
Ǿ챦аǾϳ
챦ǿԿĴڣȻǣͬǿߣӵ챦Ҳܵס೤ʱ䡣
ŮƬһ¡浭˵
ĻŷзɳƬֻ̺֮˱ɫ
ֻƬסֱӽΧסˡ
ɫѿǶһۣԷеľ鷳ˣֻƬƿУǶΣˡ
֣Ҫбˣɱȥβڣβ˸Ȼ˶ȥͬʱĳҲ˳ȥն档
βգվֶΣʵϣû֪βʵʮβֻһβͣնȻ񽣡
Ƶ񽣣ǿľˡ
а磬гһѳǹɱ˹ȥ
ƷﳤХһѳУıƣľˣһ㶼ھβĳ
ȫеҪȥ
ߡ
Цֱ˳ȥûʲôɣȴµ˼㡣ѣһƬ磬βľβͣȫҶϣҽһ񽣱ķɳȥٵˡ
˶𾪣ӵ챦죬սʵ̫ˡ
һشβٴɱа
аǹ˼㣬Ǭ˳ǹ֮ϣüġ
顣
Цµ˼㣬ȻаĳǹˡаȻǱĶһȴֻƬϣʱǶϽۣԪ񶼳ˡ
棬սḻʱͲǽصʱ򣬳ᣬҪɱа
ֻǵҪٴγֵʱƷɱ˹ȥ
һ£죬潣ֱ
ҹȥ浯ָһɫϢȥƷĳ
Ȼ֮УȻڣһѪ˳ϣһ롣
ƾǣҲ뵲סҵĶЦЦʱ˰ֻƬͶͣĳ֣ǿɱĵ
ʵϣӵֻƬԳѹǿߣɱǡοԱ߻죬ʵ棬ֿµ챦ϣͲǶ֡
ݵˣʱȴɱǱԹˣһ㾪壬Ĵÿһζǵ
Ҫɱǣκλᡣ
뵽β۾ˣŭ죬ҪɱǣҲûôףʯٵĻһҪˮ
ҪƴƷǱ쳣ʱҲ˵
ټһءһ𣬹ŷ緢˵Ӱ¶ϲɫԼǿԮˡ


1906 
ʱˣǹޱȣһ˵
ŷˣ˳ಢǺܳڣȴǷһɫսף˸Ĺ⡣

βɫ֮оȻһĨ塣
ʲôƺùŷһ¡еǿߣȫɫһϵĴڡ
˵Уеһ壬ֻڴս֮УǼ˴ֻʣһԱǽ
ȻˣȻŽͷƽʱ£һҪ塣
㻹֪ǽȻаǿߣ㽫𣿡ʵ
Ļβɫѿ
˵ﻰ붯аа֮ǰûĴڡԴս̫֮δܶѾˡڶڽη壬Ǿ͸˵ˣȻ޴档
ԣԽʻβʵ޻˵
Ŀ˾βһۣ˵˵аˣܹ֮Уû뵽ǾȻѾˡ
ǿġ֮аɫѾˣȻһֵֻ̿ĸо
ǿ˵Ǽ䲻˼ģҪ֪аվʿ۷壬ͱΪǿߣôһ㣬ʵ˵ͬһǿߡˣӦηŶԣʲôӵǿߡ
Ǵʱ˶ܹоаµģҲһ£Ƿǳη塣Ȼڽĳ֣г˻̿֡
ǹ֮Уη壬ȻǿߣԿ˷
˵аеˣ֮Ϊһ£ɱа֮Уһ㸲а򡣡Ѿͷ͡
ŷ֪ΪʲôаȻ³Ҳ󣬱Ͼһһһ̤ƽаǿߣаǲ£ǲء
û˵
Ļаȷʵͬ˵һûаôͣԵúܲ԰ס
뵽аβ֮УһĨԹޣҪһԼѾʧ޾£ˣô֮ܽС
ܵаĿ⣬βҲЩŭһʱôĸˣȴԹȫйԼϡ
ʱȴҵʱǶû˵еԹ
Ҵˣԭ£ھߡа˵ϴҪ뿪
죬һսԽǽаӣҳˡа޾ǮһΣѾһˡ
ƷվһߣҲ˵Ϊϣַ
ȻˣͲˡ˵Ȼ󣬵ȴɱ⡣
ԣҪа£ɱ
аëȻŽֵ˵αأѾϴˣҷģԺԲ֮УԭһεĴ󡣡
ܡ
һЦ
Ļа֪һԼĻˡҪɱԼȻа򣬶ӹ׷ɱ
뵽а¶һĨЦݣ˵̫ȼҴԴɱ
ȻȼԼĴԴǿϱˡ̶ֳȵʵѾԽ졣
ϾʵͬһǿߣʱаȼǱܣȻԳԽǡ
ֻǣаȻǿҲδǵĶ֡ΪսֶͨΡ
ֶͨβǿȻǿҲӲٵġ
֮£ֶͨΣҪаǿơǵһսаҪܡ
ֻǣҲпܱаش
ʵʹǿ󣬵ҲܳԽ죬ڲ֮䡣
а񣬽ȴǳƽ˵һ֣ɱ
Դ֮ˣֵķǳ
֣ȫԼµͨʱȻаȼ˴ԴҲܵסǿߵĻɱ
ҽһ˵ͨûȻȻը飬ʧ֮䡣
һվʿ۷ǿߣˣԪαľʱڸܵĴҪߣȴǶסûߵĻᡣ
군ˣе뷨
κҲɫѿʮһ飬û뵽ȴŪӣˣΣûˡ
ڣаֻʣ¾βƷǶһۣԷеľ
˼ʹȼմԴ˵Ķ֡
ˣаеˣӦܵʵǿɷһˣʵ


1907 Ϊ
һ㶣¶ϲɫΪ˵Ҳһǳشĳͷˣ֮£ȴҪöˡ
ϾΪʧȥˣǿǱɱĻǾʲôûС
һܺõĽʵϾǽ֣ǶҲҪˣһ룬ֻʧΪǶˡ
Ƿ
βƷϽ˵
ͷһۣ˵ұ֤ԺҳʼѧԺ鷳ͷǰɣϾǿߣǺ֮ܶ࣬УҪǿ֧š
ߡ
һе㲻
ȴǵһЦν˵ǵҲҪģҵǺ⡣
򶾵ѻһЦ
Ц˵˼ҽƽˣ
ԵúܲˬŽһԲϱҪֵĳ嶯
ɫ̲סЦЦû˵ϼһƢԽԽˣҿû˵㣬ǰɣһӡ
ֵǮЦʵ
ԼӵļһҲЩ֪˵ʲôȻıʧϴһĨЦ
ϼһȻ˵ˣҾ͸һӣϣһͬ˵һҳʼѧԺ鷳ȻĻٺ١Цһɿˡ
ɿڣβƷһǲˡ
뵽ҲǳʼѧԺһ֣ϾҪ˶ãŷͻ뿪ûвҪΪŷ磬ͳʼѧԺ
뵽β˵ģԺˣԲ𺦵ʼѧԺһ档

ƷҲβ뷨˵ͷ
֣Ϊ˵ɫЩ԰ף˵ҪΪҪѲٵʱ䣬Ϊλġ
Ȼʱ˵ûκ壬ǵҲǺܡ
ǼСβһԪαǣʱԪαǸм˼㣬û뵽βһŰǡ
һ߰ɡ˵
ǿߣȻĻǲеġ쵹Ҫ⼸Сǽһ仰ȴͷ
ŷ뿪ȥĻ𾪣׺͹ŷʲôϵ
βˣҲһǾ;ãһνֵеΣڿǲµûΪŷġ
СһʶӵǾˡ
һЦ˵Ǹӵˣչ˹ŷ磬Ǹһɲһʡĵ˵ŷϴ󡣡
ͷߡ֪˵˭˵ĲǱˣǾǾһĴڣҵ죬ʲô鶼ܹĳ
ǣŷ羹Ȼϴͬʱŷ˹Ź֡
ôʲôѵΪ̫˧ˣŷɿһ̲ס˵
ŷĻ˶̲סŷ緭һۣܹ˧ʵ̫HˡڳˣһЩòģ˵ǿŮŷУʵ̫ˡ
뵽ŷݵʱЩ˶̲ס̾۳ôǹŷͷȴǶҪĶࡣ
ӣѵϴŮݣһ̧㹻ˡ
һڿˮβ뿪
ԪαˣҲ;βһ뿪ֱ߳ǲһ
κܵԪα˲ƵĿ⣬ǸɿһֱǸǡԪαȴûдǣκɫѿ
ôҲһǿߣȴԪαԴŭ֮ǰ飬ȷʵѣԪαȴͲǡ
βǰҪôԪαʵ
ԪαĻβҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵нͣǸôǸСҺƷˣΪȫ½㣬ʵȻǻҪǿ󣬵Ǳǰȴ˲٣Ȼ֣ҲǽĶ֡
βĻԪαЩģ̲ס˵ѵ𣿡
ôܣֻƬǸСϵʥǶҪõ⣬ҲµòĻ뿪뿪֮֮еĲţͻ룬֮УʱǵĻᣬ飬ɱǸŷ磬һСβо˸
ʱǵʵ˭ܹ᣿ǸŷϵĶڱصáƷҲЦ˵
˶һۣԷеĻȡ
ȵλǰõЩæǵ棬׸գԪαЦ˵
βƷһۣǵͷԪαǵȻֻǣȵħ渴չ֮󣬻ᷢʲôǾͲұ֤ˡ


1908 ǿ۵
˵Уδؾʹź⡣
ŷ¶Цݣŷ
ҿʱϵԼʦĵطܹʱϵġĻŷҪһ
ҪΪʹϵһҪˣֻһаɵùŷܲ
ŷĻɵۣѵ˻𣿿һãȻӣҶ̲סЦ˳
һۣ˵Ҫۡ
ʺʵĸԼʦ󣬲˵ˡ
һӣŷ̲סЦ˳
콫ŷ磬棬еֻƬһ̾Ϣ˵ǲ뻹㡣
ŷЦãû˵
˵϶˲֪ѵһ֪𣿵õһƬֻƬȻֱ˳ȥ˵鷳˵Ҫ˻𣿡
Ļ̲סһۣ˵ܲܲҪϵסԵúǲˬһӡ
ŷЦãҲо𾪣Ҫ֪˶ǷѾ˼ҪõֻƬﵹãõֻƬȴ˳ȥ
ǰ֪ǸֻƬӵȥˣŷ̲סʵ
ҪõֻƬԼֻأͬʱϣõǿԼӦñˡ
ŷĻҡͷ˵ֿ֪˹ŷһۣЩ˵ͽܵķĶƭˣСһﾹȻǰе˰ɡ
ŷһ£Ȼ¶һĨЦݣ溰ʦ
һʦʦҵģԼŮ˵ʦ
ѾͷŴͣ˾ȻԼûͬغòá
뵽Ѿͷ˵˵Ĳ㣬Ҵûͬ
˶ѾͷһۣɫһЩ˵ʦĻ𣿡
ѾͷһĸоĿԼʦһۣȻĵ˵ʲôʱĻ𣿡
Χȫһ㶣Ȼ̲סЦ˳
ѾͷΣһƷͽܣҲûа취ˡ
㣬ãҽǹŷѡ߹ͶѾͷк
ҽеҷǳϲԺʲô飬͸ң㡣Ѿͷһӡ
ĻΧ˶ЩЦãҪ֪ǽͽܣ˭˸۸нڣĿɽ
ѵõľһӦʹһ˵ǲǰ졣Ŀ졣
ɫ裬Žɫ˵㲻Ҫҵ⡣
ľ⣬ϼһռ޾µƣȴֻԼƷֱ̫˽ˣϽ׳Це˵
ŷ羪ȣԼʦȻþƣռ޾µƣһƹ
Ҫҡͷ
ʦ𣬲ҪôСͻȻڣһ˵һ䡣
ԵЩȻҲԼʦˡ
һۣŭӣұ죬ʦôղأҪʦֵܣϷ󡭡
Ļû˵һ㱻һ˳ȥ
ƨС㲻࣬𣬸ˣҪϻٲóĻҺ϶ھꡣЦ˵
ǳвǺֵĻҲֻгԱķݡ뵽Ƶɫ
һ֣ϰ̳ӺþƳ˵ǰ˱ǣ̲סΡǼƷƣҲҺһ࣬ľˮȫŵر죬ǼƷеļƷ
ֻЩˣĶҺˣ֪Ȼкܶ棬ǺþƱͲࡣ쾯˵һ۵ӡ
һкþƣֻǲԸóѡȻܹóôþƳѾǲ
һȺϯضǻӣһ棬á
ƣȻ̸ã˾Ȼʼ۵ˣΪǿ۵ŷɫһݣԸ
ãѧԺе쾳ǿߣȫۼǿߣѹѹĴһƬ嵽ж١
۵컨׹ӿµ˼㡣
ŷ˽ĵԼĵСֲͬĴȴּ£ŷ߳Ӱһڹȥһδһ
۵ļ˶ݻԼķ͵ǿߵĵ໥ӡ֤
ʱ򣬹ŷԪ͵һ֮䣬Ħеǿߵ


1909 ʥ
˹ŷ֮⣬Ҳ໥ѧϰһֻᣬգһЩ۶ˡ
һЩ޵ԵȻݻԼĵ
ЩУŷΪ󣬳ʼѧԺ֮ежǿߣڼȫˡȵʱոճɾʥʱҪˡ
ŷĦеĵϵ˸һµַӡĴ֮С
ġǣͬʱҲ⡣
ʥǿߣȻߺʹۣ̫ƣǶڸִʵ̫ڿˡ
ֱ󣬹ŷ˶һַû׽ŷСŷõĺôһγ
ʥһ൱ڻľ磬һιŷȴʧˣΪ粻ϸոսʥģǴʱӡֵȫԼУڷһʱ䡣
˶ѣŷǱߵľʱ¶𾪵ɫڹŷΧһַۣһַһֿµĵЩַһЩַ൱ǿǶ쾳ϵǿߵĵ
ŷڱǿϢѪⷢ޴ı仯ÿһѪ֮Уӡһַ̺һֵҪɴԴˣӽŷ磬ǽӽһ
һ棬ܹ߳ĵ·˵Ҳ࣬˵Ҳ٣ֵʵѾ̺пߵ·ˡ
ΪЩ·ƣڿЩһȴͬĽﵽĵطһ
ŷڴߣַ裬ȻȻֽˣһִٴӡ֮С
棬ʥʱѾǿеأȻһ壬ˣֻҪʵﵽʵѾǳˡ˹ŷһۣ˵
ηľ磬ֻǸϴڣﵽɣʱֻ֪ͬΪʲôԭȴʧˣû뵽ڶ̤·ˣ֮еǿߣǿȻ࣬ȴûܹ߳һѵˣעΪ֮еǣ̾
ˣ֮ӣڵˣȼ棬ֻǲ֪ܹߵһǧҪ;䡣̾
Ƕģûܹ
ȻղǿΪģΪ˽ŷ·ֻȴû뵽ǣŷ羹Ȼĳɹˡ̤ʥ𾳽ʱ̤˳ѵ·
ʵϣⲢ⣬Ϊŷһʼߵģǳ֮·ֻһͷ棬ѹ
Żߵһ죬ߵһ
ŷڴߵַԽԽ࣬ͬһ㣬Χǿߣ޷ж١
˶Ȼǽݻ˼㣬˵ıʣܹﵽֵزֱ仯ʵ̫ˣǶ޷һ۾ͷΡ
Ҳֻλ۷ǿߣܹ۲죬Ȼˣɫ֮ҲһĨ
ŷǱеľ޴
ɹ̤·һ˺ԶŶ೤ʱ䣬ֱЩš
һ̣Ĵһֻһ֡
ŷĹȥδȫûŷ֮УһΪӵĵŷ缴ˡ
Ȼһ̣۾˳ȥֱϡ
һ˺üסΣɫȻе졣Ȼŷϣе㲻ܡ
һ쾳ǿߣʱ¶شˣˡ
첻һ쾳ǿߣ쾳Ϊ۷ĴڣֻѪһ£ûܵκ˺
һ̣һ˳ȥֱڹŷϣŷķ˳ȥ
Сӣոгɣ͸ҺʦС쵰˳ȥŷ硣
ǺղŻƾ˵Ĺŷ磬Źĺ޻֮
˵Ӷˣ̲סЦ˳
ʦӰǧŷĲҽЦĸˡ
ʦҵƨɣ찡㽫ҵƨɴˣҺƴˡ
ŷ绹֣ܿ챻ѹȻŹ
˴ЦֻнǣĿ¶ɫҪ֪ʱ죬Ѿʩչǿѹ˹ŷ硣ŷʥ𾳽磬ʵǰǿ˲֪١
£ʵѾǿˡ
ľȻ֪ŷԺĳɾ˲𣬵Ͼûн쾳ľޣ󣬹ŷǽ쾳֮󣬻жôĿ£ҲʱܹаЩϼһˡ
һ콫׵Ĺŷֱ˻ʵԹŷʣʵӦ˲ʧģڹŷ˿ڴס


1910 ʦûʸ
Сӳԡ쿴˹ŷһۣ˵
ŷȴٺһЦ˵ԣ˶೤ʱ䡣ľȵ֮Уŷϵʧȫָ
һ£ȴĿһ۹ŷ磬˵ȻΪҽɡ
öڣʵҲҽĳ˵ʵҲҽɣԣŷı֣Ųþ졣
ҽ˵ֻҪƣǵΪ㹻Ļûн˵ġ
СӣԡȴЩˣ˹ŷһۣ˵
ŷ类һϽ֣˵ʦɵӰɣһλҪһΣҲˡ
֪¾ͺáЦһ
ŷķһ̲ۡסЦ
һ磬ʱƣƽŷʥ𾳽磬оϲȻûеʮʱ䣬Ŀ꣬ȴѾԽˣɡڹŷ˵һ¡
ڵʵѾ㹻ʵԼ뷨ˣԣŷ׼ȥˡ
ʼѧԺһطûκˣֻйŷͶѾͷ
ѾͷڹŷĻУ۾Щ졣
Ҫ뿪Ѿͷʵ
ŷͷЦ˵Ӧ뿪ˣҵʵѾﵽˣҪҡ
ô죿ѾͷʵŹŷ磬ϴһĨۡ
һսѾȥһµʱ䣬˵ĸ飬ȲչֻǴʱĹŷ磬ȴҪ뿪ˡ
ѾͷĻŷĬ˵Ҳȥ硣
ΪΣգѾͷЦ˵
ŷͷһλȥжôΣգԼֻ֪Ҫ뿪еЩţ϶Ҫ硣Ҫٵģ޷
ŷҪͬʱǵļз֮档ⲻףǳѡһСģ飬Ҫ𣬰ŷڡ
ԣŷ粻붾ѾͷԼȥչˣѾͷκΣա
һ˽ˣΪԼȥˣҾܰ𣿡ѾͷŹŷ硣
ŷ粻˵
߰ɣԶҪҺ㡣Ѿͷ˵ӹŷĻʧ
ŷЦǵһΣһŮ˵ȻŷҲףֺޣΪԭ
Ѿͷǰޱ顣
˶Ѿͷһۣҡҡͷ˵ʵ㲻Ӧùģŷѡõѡ񣬶˵Ҳкôܹİˣôһȥ
ҲѾͷǿ˵
ǹŷܵ˺ڱ㣬ǲϲ㣬ҪֵСʱһרңΪѾͷ
ѾͷͻȻ̧ͷԼʦʵʦ̸𣿡
һ£Ȼҡͷ˵ûС
ڣһֱȻһڸ⣬ûԹԼͽܵ⣬Ȼͻشˡ
ôʦʲôʸһأѾͷĵ˵
һ㱻ԼͽԼء
ѾͷʦһȰвҪʲôԹĳ˵
Ѿͷ̾Ϣһ˵ɵ֪ʦû̸ȴķϻˡ
ת뿪ȴĲһѪʲôͽܣȻ˵ԼĻǷϻ
ŷɫЩӣɫᶨŷľı䣬ȻԼİҲһ
Ѿͷܳʱˡŷһط˹ȥ
ŷĻ֣ЦЦ˵տһϷĺܸϣĲöѾͷȥ磿
ãǸȥֱӽӻŷնһԥûС
һ£Ȼ¶һĨЦݣ˵㻹ǰİѾͷȥҺʦ֣ȴһҪȥġ
Ļŷ΢΢üͷ
ʦ˼ʦ˵ǣ֮ӣӦû׻ߣõٺôǸ㡣Ц˵
Ȼǽ˼ŷȻܹȻѣǲǺͶѾͷһĹϵҲùŶԷ
Ҳ֪ΣգĲһȥ硣ŷ̾Ϣ
ϴɣʲôģǽһȻɱ㣬ҲɱǵģǷǳȫЦ˵
ŷ⵹ǲ֮еϣȻ˵ġ˸ҶĵӣΪȻܹȫƿ򣬵ǱϾ𡣶ҽһϸ֡ټĺѣȻ˭Ըǿڡ
ԣ˵û֮Уû̫Σա


1911 
˲ǶѾͷʦ档˵Ͳ£ȴûͳĽ
Ҳʵ࣬ЩʿǱʶУǻΪȽ
ˣǣ֮ʲôŷͻȻʵ
Ҳ֪Ц˵
ŷûʡȻ˵ҲûãŷҲѣǲԸ顣
ˣҪȥ׼һˡʧ
ŷ룬ڵĵط
ȻǸԳΪ飬ʼѧԺѾ֪ʵˣһԺʦ񣬶ء
ŷ簤£ЩƵ˵ʦеˣΪҪǰȥ£ѵֻΪôɱġ
˹ŷһۣҡͷ˵Щ飬㲻֪磬̺ŴأУһܹ磬ܹõѵĻԵǺܶǿҪȥԭ򡣡
һأŷʵ
˹ŷһۣɫŹ֣Щ˵ҪǸǿˣǲ֮дɱ䣬нսʣ⹫ϱǸɧУսʮǿߣǿ߶̧ͷɱ˲ˣö֮еһЩȻе⣬˵׺ܴһԭ򣬻ܡ
ĻŷĿɿڴȻһԭ
ΪֻһǿڿеЩ룬˵ԭ򣬻һԭԼҵġ
뵽ϱǵİӣŷЩۣЩϼһ鷳ȻҲӺˣҲۡ
ʵϣϱǸǿߣҲʶһ㣬˲١ȻˣҲо֣֮дս˲ǿߣҲɱ˲ˡ
ˣ̫ѱˣǶһãҲнֽֿ԰ɡ̲סҡͷ
ðɣŷʾԼ
ϾһЩǰ飬Ҳָ֪𣬶ңȻѾչΪˣŷֻܹ취˵Щʲô
뵽ɫһ˵лʦָ㡣
ȻѾЩ˳ֵԭ򣬹ŷҲûʲôʵˣתҪ뿪
һ¡
캰һùŷһ¡
㣬ؼʱ̣Աסһݸŷһ
˸Ե÷ǳ죬Լ֮䣬żΪǿת
ǣŷЩȵʵ
һػܹ㵲סǿ߰ʱĹʱ䣬㻹ӲȥĻҲá쵭˵һ仰ԵЩ顣
ŷȴףʦԼû˵ˣһԼ޼۱ּǿߣãңƳԲסȴ͸˹ŷ磬һ
лʦ𡣡ŷ
˰֣ʾŷ뿪۾ʲôû˵
ŷ뿪û߳Զ㱻ס
ʦʲô𣿡ЩӵദŷʦֻǷǳкøеģԷܹ˼ʦҲ൱
Ҳû̫飬ֻʦҪ뿪ˣʦҪһʦܡЦ˵
Уɫ飬˹ŷС
ʦƳС⣬û̫ǹؼʱ̣ӳȥһţܹʦǸǿߺˣ͸ɡЦ˵ȻڹŷС
ŷһʲôС⣬ܹǸǿߣֱǴɱЩԻ˲پŷ粻Ը
ƴǵ˼üͷһ壬ɫŭҾһʦܣѵҲʦ֣ʦָĶԸ¡
ĻŷЦʱܹ˵Щʲôֻܹͷ
лʦ֡ŷķֵĺһʦ֡
ܹܵԼʦܵĹذǳУһ㶼ûв١
ʦֿ㣬۷ʱһҪ߱ˣʦܡЦ˵
Ļŷͷɫ֮һƬ档
ЦȻת뿪
ŷһԪסĵط߹ȥ֪Լһûа
Ԫǣ˶֪ŷҪ뿪֮ǶЩ̾ദûж೤ʱ䣬Ҫֿˡ
ص磬ΪǵĹ羡һȴ֪ڻȥֻܹۣһҪסȵгɣȥ㡣Ԫ˵


1912 ʬ
һҲģڣ粻κ飬Ҳвõ飬֮зŷ˵
ı֤ü˵ͷ
÷һֱ㣬һܹΪ۷ĴڵģڵһУֻĥ£浽Ǹʱ򣬶ʲô۶ܹǣʱһսǵ޵С˯Ц˵Թŷ絹ǳġ
˸˵ĲעҪǿߵǸˣʲôѶ˵СơŷҲǴЦ졣
ܶ߹Ҳһ
գǿһҹŷͱ֮У뿪
һŮӣվһɽۣŹŷ磬㡣
ŷ翴һۣ촽΢΢˶ȴʲôû˵
ˣתߣ뿪
÷Ҳ˳ʼѧԺ֮Уû׷ŷȥҪİ֮£ָǰΪȻȥŷ硣
ǲЩЩĬĹŷһۡ
ŷͷҡͷ¶һĨЦݣ˵֮ˣЩ飬Ѿˣֱַ𣬶Ƿǳ顣
˵δ룬ҿĳһǳԵˡҡͷе㲻ΪȻ
ŷ絭һЦû˵
ʦҪ˵ŷ磬Ҫ˼ˡЦ˵
һۣȻʧЦ˵㻤һ֮ĹϵǶôһ
Ǻѡ˵
ǲΣʵҲ˵һǺѣûбĶС
òǾŮǹŷǲĶֻǽԼѶѡ
һֹҺ͹ŷҲѡ
˵Ȼ󣬵ܹӵùĶ䣬һۣЩ˵һΪϲģڵΪٿΪ
ҡʲһȻ˰죬ſ˵
һԼͽܵӸˣҲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ҪúҪȥˡ涣
ʰһۣЩ˵Ҳʦ֣ûʸѵҡ
ֱӱ˱ԼСȭͷЦ˭ȭͷ˭ϴҵĶ𣿡
ɫһ쳤̾ȻΪˣ˭Ҫ۸ԼʦöԴԼˡ
ˣӣ˶̲סЦ˳
ʵϣѾˣ˹ŷļһҲЩΡ
ŷʵͲ˵ԱȼǿˡȻδ֣ǹŷܹоʵԲٿȱŷǻɱ
ʵ֮УԳһһˣȻǸеĸ֮֡£ʵʵԵЩˡ
ǣⲢʾˣʵϣǲ޵ĻҲܳΪĵӣҲһ
һ·ǰУʲôطƽأнţһЩνĽأͲסǵĽŲ
ܿ죬ǱͨͨܵԼϤϢŷЩ
ˣһǹŷϤһǿߣŷʱǿ߼ս죬ʱˣʱѾָ
ʱһ£Ŀȫ˹ŷϡ
еˣɱǸǿ˵ɢͷɫǦɫ˸ݣֻʣ¹ͷˣòѿǴӷĹ֮һ
˵ĳ֣üͷ΢΢һ壬˵ʬ㵲ȥ·ʲôѵҪһս
ʬ֮Ψһһʬ֤ǿߣʵǿޱȣ֮ǰĳеϴڣ⣬Ȼֵʱ򣬵֮УΪ쾳ǿߡ
ʵǿ󣬹һֱ£ٳԿ
ǾԵĸ֣Ȼ˿⡣ȻܣҲǶյֶΣȻĻô׻ʬġ
ҵСȥ·ûйϵ㲻Ҫ鷳ʬǿƣȾβǶҪǿᣬԽʮ㣬ʮּɵ
֮УǺأһ˫Щɫӣڽϣ⡣
Ҳ㵲סȥ·߿˵֮гϡ
Ļʬ̲סЦѿ¶һĨɫ˵֪ʱľãֱһСĻΪڵ򣬻ǽһңƾʲô


1913 ҿ
ЦˣֻϵϢȴ䵽˼㡣
ҸƾʲôƾһԻɱΪŭˣֱ˵Ҫɱʬ
ǿߣԱɱ˵Ų࣬رʬʵֶΣ벻ڽ
ʢŭ֮£˵Ļɱ죬ֱʬ֡
ʬЦʬ죬ȻŰѪѾʬıʣѪ֮ӵ
ԣʬȻʬ壬ǴʱҲԿһ顣
һ˵أʲôôĵȻ飬ֻҵĶ𣿡Цһһһ쵶µ˼㡣
ʬҲһһֻ֣Ĺײһ
ŷɫֱ˺ˡ
Բȫڣʬ˺ԶһһƳ֣Ȼˡ
ȴûܵһ˺Цһ˵ոոڵ۷״̬һսܣȻҪһսΪԼʵﵽ𣿡
Ļʬɫ̲סô֪
ʱһսֻˣôᱻ֪ʬɲţܹ㵽йԼһУǺͽһǿߣĹȥδ
ϢղŽֵһ˲䣬ұѾܵˣ֪֣սʤĻͲᱻѾ硣˵ɫ֮Щ
ʬŭܣ˵һ裬һֱС⼸꣬һֱҪٴս棬Ӳû
ʱ˵Ȼ߳ŭ֮У˿µɱ
ǿȻɱҡ̲סЦһָֻնʬ
ʬǿƵ˼㣬Ͳ̫ʬС
ʬȻҲܹ̬ܵȣȻŭҲûа취Լʵȷʵ
˼սʬ˾Ե·硣֣ӵˣȻɱ⡣
ȻղʬĻڽ˵һܴĴ̼ԽŻֵġ
ʬܵɱ⣬ɫڱˣֲѰߵĻᡣ
ӣΪô𣿡˵ʮֱʬûߵĻᡣ
ɱңܹӳȥȻĻ͵űҸɵɡĮĿڡ
ŷһʣҲ̲סͷ֪Լʦһˣɱ⣬Źʬ
ʬԼʦۣԼʦԲԭµ顣
ǲǷˣɱңûôףԼҲҪ׼ʬŭ˵
ЩˣԼΪʲôҪ˵̼ڵǺˣֱŭˣҪֳһ
ʬ֪ԼһսõĽʯ٣Ŀɱ䡣
һʬܡ
ϴ뿪ʬ޶ԣڿʼˡ
ŷ綼ãҪʬ뿪ǽȴû˵죬Ҿʿ֪һԶǽһֻʣһˣҲǲģݿܵġ
ɱȻȻʬ
ĻʬëȻ֪һˣĺпҪ䡣
㲻ʬ
¶һĨЦ˵֮УΪûҽһ顣
Ļֱʬɱ
ڽУһƳ֣һ߶೤һѳն

ʬɫϳ
˵нһഫѾڵս֮Уȴû뵽ȴˡ
Ǭ߸ڱ飬Դӡ
ֲ̫ˣֱѹ£ʬϡ
ǿͬʬ쾳УΪǿĴڣٵ۷壬»һսǴʱҲֱӱˣ嶼ࡣ
ŷ棬ЩëȻҲʵ̫һɡŷָоһЩ硣
ȻֻǹŷԼĸоʵΪһ챦ͿۣܹΪԲ򵥡
ס֣Ը׷㣬£ֻҪ㲻ɱҡʬԪѣȻɫʱ
һжѾˣ֣ûһԥеĽնʬԪ
ɫ֮¶һĨ£˵ҿϡ


1914 ع
ϣǽĻشֳŽֱӽʬԪնˡǿͬʬֱը飬ڷ
ĮޱȣĿɨΧЦ˵һ衣
ǽԣҲ֮УԼݡһһ壬ֻʣˣȻϡ
ǿ߸ӦߵĶĻһ仰˵´ŭʱĽ
û뵽޾²ѣǿơһ̾֡
һģʱ¶һĨЦݣ˵ֵܣʶҲ
ɻҶʶڵʵʵСĿҵͽܶȲϡЩӵ˵
ĻĲһҪˡָŽıӣû˵ҵֲǲ֪Ǹͽܣǽʲôյİɣ˶ٴΣԼ˵
ƣû˵
ǰΪֹȷʵ˲֪ٴΣһҲûк˵
һۣ̲סҡͷһ䣺ûгϢĶ
ίޱȣֲǹŷǸ̬ôѹһΪһֱ֮ϣսȻѹˡ
ʦ˵ңʦ壬дһ¡ЦӯӯģЦ˵
ҲϲŮˣд黹˰ɣʦ㡣˵һ˵ӡ
̲סָһ޳ܣ֪ԼĶ֣ȻΪԼѣֱ̫޳ˡ
ô겻ƤǺ˲١̲סЦ˵
Ļֱӵû
˶Щһ޳ҲǺġ
ˣ˵ЩеûˣǻǻصɣȻ϶˻˵ҹǿߡЦ˵
Щ쵰Ҳצߣӡ
ĻһϢȫǳ£ϣɫ΢΢һ䡣
ߡ
һһɿֲϢסЩϢ
۸ΪûлָеӵĻս˵󣬵ȴ˰սЩϢȫ˻ȥȻЩǿ߻Ƿǳɵġ
㻹ôĸҡҡͷ
ɽ׸ģƣûа취ıġ˵
һֱǿƣԼʦǰֳʣµʱʲô˵ǰͷһļ
һӱϣһֱӲˡ
ԺԿġЦ
ĻЦˣ˵˭ܹҳԿ
ĻýҲЩ˵һ㶼»޵УȻ֮УҲΪǿߣֶͨξˣ˭ܹԿ˸Ͳܴڡ
ʦְŷЦ˵
˹ŷһۣ¶ɫ˵Ľȳҵ󣬾ȻѾʥˣڵʵһ쾳ԲĶˡ
ɫ֮дһĨοԼʦܣǳɳˡ
Ļ֮󣬽ȴ̲סЦ˳
һ˫Ӷڽϣ̲סüͷ˵Цʲô
òףֹסЦݣЦ˵˵̫СԼʦˣʥ𣬿ɱеҪǿˡ
ô˵۾һ
ٿ֮µǸεǿߡЦ˵
˻һ̲ס۾һ¶𺳵ɫ
ģŷ硣
ŷԥһ£ǵͷ˵Ҷô˵Ӧǲɡ
ʵŷ˵ԼǸǿߣҪǿһ㡣ûо֤ŷҲ֪ԼĸоǶԻǴ
Сӣһǵ͹ˣãսһĴˣЦ֮г˷ܡ
Ȼŷĳɾͣ˵һֵø˵顣
ʵϣһУֹŷһ¶˵ġ
ˣҪ֮гˣЩ̲סǳ֣ȥɡܵһ쳣˵
ЦһһĲмվǵ˵ͷ뿪
뿪ֻ½һˡؿһۣ֪Ժﲻƽ
һ뿪ʧ
ʧ֮󣬼ǿ֣߳ǶһۣԷеϲɫ
ŷȥҪ뿪ˣֻҪע֮еĶ֮󣬵һ硣
ѵĻԵˡһǿЦ
ƿ磬Եõѣڴš
ȫĿ磬ɫ֮дһĨ


1915 Ϲ
һȥѵˡǽʱһҪȥ
ŷȴһסҡͷ˵ʦ֣ʲôѵǵĻǣαںһʱᡣ
˹ŷһۣ΢΢üͷ
ŷ紫Լ뷨ʱ۾
¶Ŀ⣬̲סЦ˵˵ʦɱʦǿˣӺʹͰ˵
ŷҪʲôЩɻ󡣲ȴһԤУҪùˡ
ŷһԲһظ֮ˣܹס
ʵҲǺ飬ߣһЩŴǻ۵ǿߣĻĺԸȥѾƣ˵Եʵѹһ£ʲôû̫ôġ
õͣŷҲֻǵһЦǺ⡣
Լʲôˣû˱ȹŷԼ
ˣＸʱ䣬ʱ͸ȥˡ˵Ȼ֮ͨ䡣
ŷͷת뿪ٺһЦȴûнӡ
ҸҪ˵
ŷ绹Ƴ٣Ц˵ͲҪƴˣ߲쵶ҵһҲ챦߲սһףѾòˡ
Ļŷվǽˡ
ĵһһ޵еǿߣʥԺġ
ġ
ĵһڵʱǱʱһ˵ʱɴ˿ɼһǺεǿ
ķ϶Ǿ춯صģԲ챦ȴ߲쵶Ѿ˵ˡ
߲쵶֮ϡ
߲쵶߲սֻһ˵ĻⶫӦ͸ģڵʵװȻ޷ΪǿߣȴܹסǵһЩҡͷ˵
ңҹ߳ƢҵĻˣơ̲סЩۡ
ŷЦԼΪ߲쵶߲ս׶ϣɴ˿ɼǵǺεǿơ
ҲõģʵϵսսףȻ챦Ķ챦սǸϼһƳսףֻҪ㼤սս׵ʵԻһǳ˵ĸ߶ȡ˵Ŀơ
ŷһ£ѵûнսս׵ŷ綼ãսսףҲֻһѡ
˼սףȻΪ챦Լûнսս׵ȫ
뵽ŷоһ˵ԡ
о⣬ȥúõоսսסڶ˵һʵڽĴս˵Ͷһݺô
ŷδҪԵʲôŷûѹһУֻоԼʵ
һ·ͬУݡ
۹δʲôΪŷ뿪ֻһЩĳԱ֪˶
Ϲˡԯ֣ɫ֮дһĨ
ŷˣ˵еĴʯͷǵˡ
ϹҪǲԺͲ׼ҧˡȾԼС˵һӡ
ȴ¶һЦݣѾͷǧʱȥˣȻ龫֣ǰûʲô
ŷܹжԼĵģһЦ§ڻС
Ϲˡ
Ϲˡ

ζһȺŮ˳֮Ӷһɳˡ֪ŷŮ˶࣬Ƕൽزû뵽
ҪǣЩУȻûһӹ֬׷ۣһ
ԼòǺţһһľɫŮ֮УƾˡǴʱһȺŮˣȻһŶûˡ
ʣһ˾ռߵӣһ㶼⡣龰˲ֹһΣľݵĳԱȫվһߣһȺŮˣȫ͹ŷкˣǲŻǰ
Ҫ֪ڽٻǵʵǰһˣҲ֪ŷʹʲôطЩȺŮ˵ʵڷ
ھģս϶ͬһߺʹۡǿߣǾͲˣʵȻԯݺǣҲǶ֡
λһĽ𣿡һۣԯЩ˵
ԯĻҡͷЦ˵Һ͹ŷѣǷǳŮϵ
Ůϵˣܹ𣿡ŷֹ
¶һɫǵĿϣʱݺݵĵ˹ŷһۡ
һǹģԼһ˼ûУԹŷ磬Ҳһ˼ûС
֮ĺܴ࣬λڻһӣҲҪˡȸվ˳ȻŨױĨȻޱȣ޲ɷ


1916 Ů
ȻΪ˽ˣȴܲˣɫͨ죬ȻƽʱܵȻǴʱҲɬˡ
ϹȻ̵סû͵ȣⲻħŮ¶ȵɫ
龫֣ʱΪٸǰЩͬһ죬Ըȴδֺ
ʵϹһܺõء˵
Ļ˶̲סһۣʲôˣһɫǣǧʱ䣬˶Ůˣ϶Կˡ
粺죬Щܲˡ
ȿȣˣȻȥɣҺһЩ顣ŷ˵ҪǻȥЩŮټĻ۵ϣһ㶼ûˡ
УŮ˶죬ǾҲҪһ顣һηԵ˾Ȼǽٻ
ǹŷĵһŮˣͬʱҲΪȵһƽʱŷ˵ʲôʲôٻᷴǴʱȴȻܾ˹ŷĻ
ŷе㲻ͬѰŮһۣǵ֮УȫһĨᶨ
ҪʲôŷЩɵۡ
ЩŮˣôˣŷͻȻһָоǺ񶼱ˣǰһˣȻɢһֶ־
ҪϹһԵˣΣӦֻһ˳ɱǰ档Ů˵
Ϊ˳Ů˵ĻˣŷҲ֪ô˵ˣףŮ˾ˡ
ǲȹӰ˵ˣʵǵʶˣϹ㲻˽Ǳǵǰȫˣ֮УȴһⲻӦ顣ĪСµ˵
ͬĶ񻯡ĪСԼ֡
ŷɵۣЩɵŮ˶ʲôأôŬҪǲκΣգǵãȻ
֡ŷɫһ̲סǳ⡣
ȸȴ˹ŷһۣˬ˵ӴǣȻҺǷƢϹĵǲǱˣԼΪۣͿԲҪЩ㿷֮ˡ
ȸĻŷ̲סһۣɴû˵ŷ֪ȸԼñӣҪҪԼͬǵľ
ǣôܡŮˣһ⣬ŷ綼ܲ˵ġ
ŷ磬Ҳã̫ڻˣǲƴɱҲҪûǵֵģӻȸɶ츳ǲٵˣȴеȻˣⲻǰǣںǡԯݺվ˳˵
ԯݺĻЩ⣬Ϊڹŷ棬츳ˣҲֻԯļˣȴû뵽ȸӣǵ츳ȻҲԯݺࡣ
˿ǵ츳ȷʵûˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôֶΣǵʵЩһֱǲһЩĥ£ٸߵΪʲôã󽫣һɱûˡԯݺ˵
ԯݺĻŷ΢΢ЩĬ֪ԯݺ˵ĲǿߣȻʬɽѪ֮ɱġ
ʹĲᣬЩҲһֱսɱķмΣѪȾˡ
Ҳǳɳıؾ֮·ŷŮǣҪΪǿߣŷҲֻзſ֣ȥƴ
á
ŷ̾һڵͷˡ
ģԯ¶ϲɫôʵԯ죬ٳ֣Ƕ˵Ⲣһ¡
ŷȻǿһֱڱǣȴΪŷһЩ顣һǿΪȴ޷ʩչ˵ǲƣǾԲܵġ
ֻǣȺŮˣҲչŹŷ¹ŷ絣ģһֱδȥڹŷڵͷˣȻˡ
һĻ˿Цеǿߣ϶𾪣ΪǾԾ˵ġ
ʵϣʱ磬еôΪһֱЩˣ׻һ˵⣬Щ˻򰵵ĳ֣ɱʿ
ԣȥΣա
ŮѾ˾ŷȴܹΪԼʧȥ˺ܶ࣬ȻҪΪǿߣҲҪΪԼǰɡ
ΪѰҵ֡ŷ˵
˾ȣ֪ŷʲô˼
Щصˣеļϸ֮УϢҳЩˣҪģǸɱǡŷ˵
ŷĻԯǵͷ
ɱ֮ҪһϷŷһת¶һĨЦ
˲⣬ֻ׹ŷ˼Цһȴû˵
һϷǳɹˣ磬ܹȡʱġǹŷĿģЩʱ䣬ԼֶΣȡһ


1917 նɱϸ
˲⣬ŷû˵Ǿûʡףŷ粻˵ĻͿ϶в˵ɣѯʣܻỵˡ
ǿߣкףһЩ˵ͲˡֻвУŲᱻ㵽
ŷȻ󣬵Ҳұ֤ûеܹԼ˵һЩҪ֪֮УûܹδģǸϣ֮һ
ӦŮǵҪ󣬹ŷ翪ʼݣҪҳ֮Щϸټ
оͣĽӡһϵַûС𶯣ȴδ飬һϵַУʧ
һĲȴ˳ȥ
һݵֶΣ죬ԼĵˡֶΣҲǳʩչһСľͻ⵽Ǵ
֮еһֻ֮ͨУһЩ仯ӦĻܹá
ԯݺվڲԶΪŷ绤ǶŹŷϵķӡȴһЩʧ
Ҫ֪һˣڣ֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ң֪ŷѾʥ𾳽磬ǿߣսﵽô򵥡
˵սŷʱ˵ɲݡһ㣬Ϊԯݺǽֻͣһ仰Ǿ˵ŷԻɱһ쾳ǿߡ
Ѿ㹻ˣǱΪŷ֮쾳ǿߣȴû뵽ȴԻɱһ쾳ǿߡ
ȻǸ֪ǣеһ쾳ǿߣҲǸεġ
̶ֳȵ쾳Ѿӽڵս̶ֳȵǿߣһ㣬ܹ¾ǿ
Ҳ´ˣŹ˵ģģʵϣ֪ŷʵ֮Լеܵˡ
ڵʵ޽ӽ쾳൱ڹŷδ뿪֮ǰ״̬Ǻ͹ŷȣԵ̫ˣ̫Զˡ
ˡ
磬˽ɫַꡣ
ܶһͻȻ¶ȻɫΪܵԣЩַǶ
ļϸǲصǹʵġŷȥúܶ𺳡
˱ַϣ貣ǵͷϣȴ֣ǾǼϸ
ǲһõطȻ֮УܶʿǺ˽⣬ڵΪǻļǵãֶĮӣôҲǵġԣһϸܶʿֱӳˣɱȥ
Щ˵Ҳľÿһ磬ٸǿߣһһɿֲ
ھ֮УҲļϸҲһЩıǿߣȴͶĻˣԲ
ţǵˡŷ˵۲ЩˣǺǿǿ߲ǴۺͻߣǹŷȺӾĶ֡
ŷĻٻЩ˷ܣȫ˳ȥ
һȺǾǿߣ֪ǵĿ֮˶ĿɿڴЩ󣬾ȻΪϸġ
ѵûˣǲų
Ǳ֪ԼˣΪݴϢҪΪǵʵǳǿ󣬵ȱʵս顣
ԭһԭҲһЩЦҪĻֻҪɱκһˣǶھ۵شĴ
ΪۣԼӣѾ˼㣬һ˭֪ΪԼӿȥƴһҪȥڹŷ˵ԻһرصĴ
ٻ˷ܣʼ׷ɱЩϸʵϣЩеļϸеʵǿеĲǿʵһ㡣
ȻǵʾǿߣҲܵסٻǡ
ٻǲ֪ǣǵʵһǿߡŷڰбǡ
ֻԽٻǵΪȻܸӦĴڡϾʵ쾳֮УҲǺǿĸ̶֣ȵǿߡ
ۡ
ٻնһԼҲŵ۴СǳףΪʲôЩŮˣҪˣڵԣսԻд鷳
һ̣Ҳ֣һϹŴɫ԰ףҲЦȻֱ
ԯ졢ȼ֮⣬ЩŮˣһĶЩӦ
ǵķӦܶ˿УЩ
Щϸͷмϸ֣ڸǲס貣֮Уûа취ߡ
ǿ߶ֻ֣֪һȺӾ϶Ϊָ·ԣеϸ·ӡ
һʿԼУǵĲӦʧȡ֮ģüһ⡣


1918 չ
ǳɳˣ˲١
һ·ɱȥе̫ˣлߣǿĴۣʵϾԼ֪Լжٵǿߡ
ʱ֮УһɧҡһЩһЩŵӻڲͣѣ֪ԼЩӱɱˡЩˣ֮еĵӡ
緢ɳˣʱżȴûа취Ϊδ뿪ǸûյϢ
˭ҲԸ⣬Ⱥײһǿߣʵǿ֮û˿ѹΧĻܻܿǿ䡣ֳֺõ飬ûԸ
Щ֪սʽףܴ̫ʱ䣬ֻҪȵ뿪ǿԽˣʱܹΪǵĵǱˡ
ܹ뵽һ㣬ŷȻܹ뵽ҲΪˣŻ˴ģҪɵЩϸͬʱ˳
Ӿ֣ɱ¾֮гɳǵʣԺǰһˣӵļᶨӵţһŮǿ˵ķɡ
Ȼǲһ˳ͬ֡
ǿ֣߳Ҫɱǣвααʵ쳣ˡˣǲǹŷ֪Щ磬ڷ֮صǿߡ
ʱ쾳ǿߣȫ뿪ս쾳֮µǿȴˣЩǿߣ֮УǲʼįҪսۣɾԼ
ڽɱٻǣеһֶΡ
һսٻǴĺ࣬Һԯǣǿ߻ǳ֣նɱе֡
ȻˣҲ˽ٻǣ˳ѾЩḡģʱȫ
ף֮УкֵܶģеһȺ˱ܹɨ硣
һлۼսǿߣǶʧˡȻǲ֪ǣһֱǵ󱣻ǣʹ޷쵽Ĵڡ
ŷȻǳȥǲκһܵ˺ġ
ȻЩͲסį﷢ɱʱ򣬹ŷ㶴ϤһУЦһɫ֮дһĨ⡣
Щ˺ͿеǰȻɱĺܸЩŭ˵˴ֵˣ٣ͬʱҲΪߺˡ
û취νЩ˵ջʵ̫ˣνĳƺţǿֻѣȴһ׷Ŀꡣŷҡͷ
Ȱڣ˭ɱǡɱ졣
ŷͷһۣ˵ʱҪЩˣͻƵ쾳ʱߵͻǿ˲٣Ѿ֪ذħǰͻơ
˶ǿߣͻƵĻսǾ˵ģʱһʵȻСȴһֿ֮ûˡ
ֻҪǸϹŷ綼ġ
ˣҲһȺУֻпЩϹǱ쾳ˣʲôõˡ˹ŷһۣ˵
ŷ̲סҡͷ¶һĨЦ˵ôףʱ䣬Ϊʥ𣬼ѾͷҵǱˣҪͻƣǶʱ֮ڿġ
Ҫ೤ʱ䣿̲סʵ
ףŷǽ쾳֮սԻ쭣ҲܹЩǿĴˡ
ţٶ꣬аգ쾳ŷһ£ȻЩε˵̫ˡ
ݡ
ֱŷһָʥ𾳽磬̤쾳һﾹȻ˵Կ
Ҫ֪ȻǰľޣҪ쾳ҲǺסΪۣһֱڣѾͷˣȻˣҪǱչصĻΪ쾳ǿߣ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
Ҳܿ죬Ҳǧ¡
⻹ǸǿߣԲŻô١
ŷδ̤Ǹ磬ɾ쾳ٶ̫ˡҪ֪һΪ쾳ģ˰ꡣ֮£ֱһ˲䡣
ŷҲףԼЩ̫̰ˣҲûа취еǰҪľǿŷԽǿܹסİվԽ
ʵڲеĻֻˡŷһ
ͷɫ֮УЩء
գѡ뿪ҵһܵأʼ׼쾳
ŷҲھ統УԼʵȻȴǱزٵġ
ŷҪƽȴԸ⡣ֻǰ˲һʱ䣬㱻ˡ
һ쾳ǿߣǿޱȣǸոͻƣʱվھ֮УͷԼϣƹŷ硣


1919 Ⱥ۶쾳
սۣ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡һ˵Ǹ쾳ǿߵǰɫĮ
վǸ˵ǰ˵
ϣ˵һɫս׵ǿߣŽɫ棬ͷǽɫģʱгһѴ󹭣ֱ乭һ
֮޾Ԫȫһ˹ûУһܡǿǬ۾磬޷ֵ
һʱ֪ԼǶ֡û뵽Լ쾳ǿߣȻôԶ
ͬԷ˵һԼ쾳ǰһϡ
ִУⲻ۵ķȻսҪ֣סԷһ
Хһһѵ۽ն˹ȥ۽âޱߣǴʱһǰȴԵ쳣޹⣬Ͳܵס
֮Ĳ̫ˣ쾳ǿߣܹȵġ
۽飬ѪɳȥۼҪһۿЦܹܵһ㹻ɱԼʲôʣ¡
һѳǹ˳ȥֱһײ
䡣
ɳȥһϡ
ڤ֣ѪղžԼĳǹסһ쾳ǿײڤҲˡ
ǰαǸǿߣʱȴɳΪﵽ˻߾죬һʵܹ֮еǿߡ
쾳ǿߣʵԵòȻס˶ԷһǸˡ
νľǿߣˣӦþǸڤɣ˵ǿ󣬵ڿҲ𣿡Ǹ쾳ǿЦɫмڤ
㵽ʲôˣΪҾݣûԷķ̣ڤʵ
ôԼһ쾳ǿߣˣϾÿ˶ǹŷ磬ʵǿ󵽼㣬ʥ߾ʱ򣬱ܹɱһ쾳ǿߡ
ܹסԷļιѾ㹻ˡ
ȵպڤǸʱԿԸӶԷ
ҽ죬ҪսǾۣ˵л쾳ǿߵʵҵҪ״ǲġ쵭˵֮г˰Ȼ
ûһ٣㵲סһֿɱ㡣ڤ˵ٻԼĳǹӿУǹ޸
ڤĻ¶һĨ̵Цݣм˵ҵΪνľۣҳһսҺʵ
˵ûʸһսڤĿڣ֮дһĨͲм
ŷʵﵽʲôزϾݺĳԱǳףν죬Ȼ쾳ǾԲǹŷĶ֡
ʹδǰʱĹŷ磬ָոս쾳ǿߣҲһսʵοڡ
ôʸɱ𣿡ĿɨڤۣǳһĨȻЦݡ
۾һϣڤȻסԼһվǸˣҲȫʵԣڤҲֻһϣֻǱȽϼǿһϰˡ
ɱǣʵ𣿡֣Ƶ죬ϴһĨɫ
죬û뵽㾹ȻѾ쾳˵ֳԪӦҲѾͻ˰ɣһ쾳һźô硣
ĻȻʶģ֮Уȴûκ⣬Ȼ˲ʲôѡ
Ļ̲סЦ죬Ѿ˵Ͷ˾ۣΪ߹ڿ߹ǳҳϣڵңѾǰˣ쾳㲻ҵĶ֡
ɫȻ֮йֻ֣첻𣬽ܡڣȴȫһˣ쾳𣬻ڻ𾳽磬ȻҲҪͻˣǺȻĶ֡
һء۳֣лħǹ֮ϣħƵ
˵쾳ǿߣҪսۣҰԣν쾳ǿߣж͡һǿ֣߳ǰʵȻۼңпԲһۼսʵԵǿ
Ұħǰһսһ˳֣Ұħ٣Ѿкܳʱδˣʱһ֣ҪΧ쾳ǿߡ
СӵʵѾˡڤܵҰħʵ̲֮ס𾪵˵
ҶѡҰħ˵ޱ飬һ΢һڤ
Ҫ֪ͻ֮󣬽Ұħ׵˦󣬵ȴû뵽Ŷ̶̵꣬ҰħȻֱ׷Ǳʵ̫ˡ
磬Ψһ׷ϵˣ󼰵ļһֻйŷ硣Ұħ˵˵仰֪ţһֱ
˶ΪҰħŶ𾪣һ̫ᶨˡ


1920 쾳
ͬʱֳܹŷı̬Ұħˣ磬˵Լ׷ϣǼһ̫ˡ
Ҳǣڳˣһܹ׷Ϲŷ磿ȻûһˣĴڣԹŷ磬ҲһС
Ϊŷʵ̫ˣ׷ϡ
ǵĶԻȴЩмһˣЦ˵ǲ˴ŷ磬Ҿǿ󣬷ս뷨쾳޵УνĹŷ磬ֻһδʿԲҵĶ֡
ɵơ
һۣҰħ˵
ˣ˵ǴʱȴͻȻһ䣬Ŀɿڴ
ҸղŶ˵ˣԼŷ磬㾹Ȼ˵ŷ粻Ķ֣˼˵Ҳˣǹɵˣͬһսɱͬһֻϣ㲻һѡҰħ˵ô໰
ףһΪʲôôŭˣԭһԭ˵ŷ粻Ķ֣˵ҰħҲˡ
ҰħȻܳĬ˭֪һｾޱȣȻԼȱ˲ˣҰħǿ϶˵ģ˵ҰħҰħȻҪŭ
÷ϻˣɵһҰħ˵
һָ֣ɱ⸡ֹ֣ȥ
Цɫм˵һۼսȻҲ뺳ңֱЦ
һĳȥûʲôֻͨǴƣҲ൱ľˣҰħĹײһ
һ޴Ұħһ첲ը飬˺ܶಿһһѪ
ȻȻսۼǲ쾳ǿߵĶ֡ղӲȻδͨǹҰħܲˡ
ҰħȻһ첲ȴЦֲֿЦݣ̲סһ
ͻȻֲõԤУҰħʲôıɡ
һ̣֪ҰħΪЩѪֱۣӻһѪ飬ϡ

Ѫ֮У޾ĵ֣ʱȫըеȫϣֱӱ˳ȥԴըˡ
ǿƻ壬Ǳ˼㡣
˭û뵽ҰħĵһȻȻĴҰħһֻ֣ңԴһ룬ǳһ˺ۣѪϷɽԵ쳣ҡ
һʵˡȻʵռţǺȻӷ棬ûҰħʹ
ҵѪô𣿡ҰħĮ˵ѪҺ֮У˷ģģڹؼʱ飬һſµѪ飬ش졣
סԼ壬ץŭҰħ˵Ҫ
ðɡҰħͻȻһ⣬˹ȥһſԼĻȻҪ§ڻһ
ȻǾԵΪڤǣ̲ס֪ΪʲôҰħҪ
챾ҲǾãҰħҰħ֮һĨʱͻȻ뵽˸ղŵһĻ
һһˣΪɱ˶֣ԸԼ
ղҰħٵһ첲һشҰħҪԼȥĿʲôһ£ͻȻһ
˹Źֵ֮У쾹ȻӴܣǲҺҰħӽֶң˭֪ӣʲôֶΡ
ԣ˵һĻˣҰħǲҪһĳ죬ȴӲǲҳ֣Ǳھ֮Ӵܡ
ŷʱѾѣɫŹ֣Ȼ̲סЦ
ҰħһȻҲôĵҲǹģûʲôֶΣӲȥŶԷһ쾳ǿߣȻǱˡ
ԽӴܣҰħͳԽ죬һӲҳˡнп࣬Լôһ̬
ɱҰɱҡҰħ
ûһҲˣⲢӰܡҰħһ̫̬ˣͲҪҰħ׷ϡ
ҲһҪˣܻĿһҰħһ쵰Ȼ˹ŹֵУȻֱ˺Ѵϣ뿪
ҰħĿɿڴֹסΣΣʵҸղһ쾳ǿ𣿡
˵ͷҰħʱҲ̲סһۣ˵Ǹǡ
һ쾳ǿߣôǣǸղΪȴ˾ãһҲһǡ
ıˣﻹ쾳ǿߣֱ̫ˡ
ʵҲ̬ҲҲӵãǵĻͻһ̬ڤ̲ס˵
ڤǾɡҰħһۡ
ڤ


1921 ס
뿪磬ȴԽԽԡ
ԼղţòƱŵˣԷʵܶ˺ȻҲܡ
쾳ǿߣôܻô׵ıɵ
뵽ʶˣҲԼȷʵǱŵˣղǸҰħǻġ
Ҳ˵һʵۼʿŵǱӡ뵽ɫ࣬뵽ԼֳԼɫѿ
ٻص磬컹ģҲʵ̫ˣȥЩ䳰ȷܲˡ
뵽˼
ˣŷŮˣֻҪЩŮ˸ɵһ¹ŷ粻֡оһ뵽
оϲԼ뵽취оǳ⡣
֪ڹŷЩŮ˵ߣһǳֲػͲκξϲˡ
뵽٣ʵܺò鵽һȺˣһֱ׷ɱЩϸױҵǡ
ضԯǵȥ·˫֣һ˵ӡ쿴ԯǵòʱȴ̲סԾˡЩŮˣһеľɫû뵽ŷ羹Ȼҵôࡣ
ŮȤ󣬵Ǵʱ̲סһּʵŷ磬ʵ̫޸ˡ
ȻҲֻѡ
ʱһ˵ӣŮɫȻ˵ڿʼѾҵķ²ˡ
ԯɵ˭ȻܵǵǰԼʵ
ѵ֪ԼǾ۵ӣĻƾۡ
֪ǵݣǺ⣬Ϊǿ쾳ǿߣҲֿΪǵֿҲҵĶ֣ԹԵĸߣҲɱǣȻĻҪִݻЦ˵ɫܰȻһȺŮˡ
ҲĳԱ̲סʵ
˻һۣͷ˵ǻɣ˵㣬սеĵڶŮϧվȻѡ˹ŷ磬עҪΪһѸˡ
ûлشĻʵ˵һѷϻ
һȺŮˣڿһɵơǸͲܹӮŷ磬Ϊŷǣڵ֮УһӡǸǿߣǰ»ȻĻû˻Ķ֣Բ⡣
죬Ȼ쾳ԲǹŷĶ֡
ԣĻŮ˲ûоţƣɵơ
ҿ㻹߰ɣȻĻҪǱϹ֪Ҫǳ֣ˡվ˳˵
ЦҾҪץǣùŷ֣úһս֪ʲôǿߣһһδ𾳽ʿֱһЦЦ˵Ĳм
һȺŮˣ֮г˹Ź֣һ𣿹ŷսѾˣȻŷ統һͨʿȻ쾳ǿߣڹŷûȥ֮ǰҲοڡ
֪ηԯ̲סҡͷ
Ŀˣԯϣ˵ղ˵ʲô
˵֪η۵ǿߣܹ뵽ģڣδǳ֣Ͻ뿪ɣȻĻһ߶ˡԯ쵭˵ЩδɱԸ˺ܶࡣ
ǰԲ˵Ļġ
Цû뵽һԴߵҲԴǿĻǰһսһۣǻǸ߰ɡѹǵĻ
˾ŻԼһ磬ʿȻǿսܹΣܹԽ쾳ǿǸܵ顣
ڤ粻顣ԯɫڳЦ˵
ٻҲһɫ񣬴һĨŭɫԷϹŷ磬˵ܹܣǲκ˿ŷ硣
ڤ粻ǣҽɡЦһһ磬ҪС
ڴʱһֻ˳ֱϡ
Ϊ쾳ǿߣʵȷʵǿԼ֮У˵޵ˡ
Ǵʱȴֵķ֣޵еģΪǰ֣̺ǿͲǶ֡
䡣
һ죬ը飬һֻ̣Ĳץ˹һǿƵ˼ӡ
Ȼֵ˺ǿ󣬸һ쾳ʿУԷǸǿʿ
ֿˣֵ˳Խ̫ˣ˸ͲһϵĴڡ
쾳Ҳиֵ֮ġ


1922 Ԫ
ڴʱһƿնײһ¡
ǿϢг֣ɫ΢΢ЩأǸ
һģǿ֣߳һûκǿϢȴһֲǵĸо
˫üƽһ˫棬ޱȣ˫֣Ǿվȴһ޷ĸо
һһ֣ʵǿᣬǶ֡
硣
¶ϲɫһ쳣
û뵽ڹؼʱ̣Լ羹ȻϵˣԼԴʵŮ˾ҲĶֵġ
ȻԪҲǸոս쾳ʵȴǿ̫ˡ
ԪĿһۣĿڣ˵㲻ĳԱ
ԯһߣǣһ⣬ǸȻ
ŷȻǷųǲΣգĳǿ϶ġֻû뵽ȻɳĴ֡
ŷ߹ǣʵ൱ǿ쾳֮Уƶǿߡ
ˣӡûзϣʹĳԼݡ
ӣԪݣЩ̾˵֮еһǿߣĵӣǿʵͲˡ
𾪣ǿԼĴ˵еĵһǿߵĵӣֲԼǶԷĶ֡
һЦԪ˵ҲǿߣսŷĻԹȥսα飬ҪЦ
ԼܵһۣԪ˵ұüҵȥս۵ģû뵽Ȼ飬Ȼѵģﵹǲõġ
ûйϵҲǿˣŷʵԲ㾹ȻԼĵܵȥսŷ磬ǲҪܵˡĿɨ죬˵
ɫЩ˵ĻȴԪɫ΢΢һ䡣
ŷʵԪôܣҪ֪Ԫһ쾳ǿߣ츳˫ƹǿ֮һǵʦ˵ԪĳɾͣԺ󲻻
ԪǵʦһսǵĴڡ
ڣȴ˵һ𾳽ˣȻԪȻе㲻š
ĻδеԹʵ˰ɣԪ˵ĻΪΪŷ紵ѡ
ʱ֪ˣֵܴŷŮ˵⣬ܹס̲ס˵
Ļ䣬ŷ˵Ҳ֪Ǹ֪Ļ쵰ȻҴŮ˵⡣
ŷֱ֣ӶԪ˵ʵǲҵĶ֣һս֮ڣ
˻һԪɫ΢䣬¶һĨЦŹŷ磬˵δ̫Դһ˰ɡ
Ԫɫ֮УһĨͲŹŷĻ
֮ڻɱԼһΪԼܲײ𣿴ʱҲܵ˹ŷΪս֪ʵͬ˵һԼ˵ŷܹڰ֮ڣԼɱͲš
֪νΪۣѹһеУʲôŷ˵
ˣû뵽ԷսԼɣȻٻǵ⣬ֱ˹ŷۡ
Թŷ֣һ涼û֪֮УҪǿߣԪһɺǿǶԷǵԼŮˣŷ㲻ôˡ
ۣʲôҵָԻɱۡԪЦԡ
죬໥֮䣬ɱȻ
ȻǶŭˡŷΪԼŮܵϮԪΪŷӣҪŷ޵ԼΪе
ɱԣŷЦ
˵֮󣬾Ȼȳˡֻظ֣ѹȥԪС
ԪƳȥԹŷ硣
ǧԪһǧ֣ǧֻƬײ
ȫʩչµͨײһ
䡣
Ԫˣŷ΢΢һȻվԭأһ֮£Ȼ˫ûˣǺȻԪ·硣
˵㲻ҵĶ֡ŷЦ˵ǿһ㡣
Ԫ¶ɫĿ˫ֽӡһѵǬŷնȥ
һ磬Ҫˡ
ŷһָס磬Ȼͬһѳʵײ
մ飬ǹŷ綨ס磬Բˡ
쾳ǿߵĽУȻ磬Ҳܲ࣬ͬҪ顣


1923 սԪ
ʵŷͷȻ˶Է
Ԫȴûκθ˵ɫΪѾ쾳ǿߣŷ粻ʥʥ쾳ʲôӵĲ࣬кףȻŷ绹ܹѹһֺܲĸо
һֱԪΪԼ磬ǿ콾Ǵʱȴ֣һֱⲻԼΪİˣͲǿģǿˣӦǰһ
ŷѹԼȴԼԪ˵ⲻһòһ裬¶һĨŭɫŹŷ磬˵ҲעҪ㣬עҪΪҵ°ܽ
ԪĻŷ̲סƲ죬˵˵Ρ
Ԫ֣ɨ˹ȥһȴϣʱͶ֮䣬ȫ޾
Ԫǿߣ󣬺пһ涼ᱻٻѹ֡
ŷ෴һǿҪѳȥ
ֲͬĵߵǽȻ෴ĵ·ͬǿ
ֻŷ·ߣرǺڣҪѹƣĳѳȥ
־ǷǳΣյģþһݣʮ
ǹŷȻܼ򵥣ĵͬҲǿĸ
еĸֵ򣬶۵Ԫĵ֮ϣȻնˣ涼ˣϱ棬ѹȹŷ硣
һֿµĴƣһ쾳ǿߣѾѹˣȻԼ뵲סֿµѹ
ǹŷȴν˸ȻһһȭǬת飬һȭ̺ŷ־Ҫѳȥѹд
ɳȥһ飬ʵҲԪ֤͹ŷһۣͨ취ǿ˼㡣
ǴʱǿĵһˣԪһ
ᶨЦ˵磬ҲǿߣŷʲôǬתѹ
ԪƶǬȻǬεɱݺݵն
ֶξˣȻⲻĴǬҲ㹻ˡŷ磬ƳȥûӲӡ
ǣǬٶȿ쵽˼㣬Ȼŷܳȥ˲䱻׷ˡ
㱾Ǭ֮УܹǬ֮ԪЦ
ǬΪ죬ΪأŷȻҪѣվûгѳȥȻǬ֮СԣܶǬ֮
Ȼ㲻ȥǾӲ
ŷֱͣӺ¾
ħʬ£ӵʵŷ緢֣вٲʬȻԼնɱ顣˵ŷѾ¾ʩչһּޣĻԼͨ
ⲻհ»ߵ֣ͨǹŷһֶΣͬʱҲŹŷĻԻ͵ս
¾Ǭ֮ײֱӱ貵Ĺûֹ۵˼㣬ʹ޷֪ŷ絽ôˡ
ֻԪɫأûκϲɫףŷû£ȻĻԪһɫ
Ȼŷ貵Ĺг˳ʱԵЩǱﶼըһɾӳǰ
ٻνǱǹŷӣڹŷ壬ȻϤĲϤˣʱһɫûС
ȴ̲סһŷåʲôûп
̲סƲ죬ⴿˡǿŷĸղŵӣǲء
Ѿ·ˡŷ
һȻɿһ̣ɴ۾ֹŷûд·
ŷ쵰ױˣסԼ۾Ȼŷķ򣬶һ
ΰ£
ŷɫ䣬ֱӴżŮˣӴܡ
ҲͬоȻ֪ӳĶʲôȴһָоԼǲߵĻҪˡ
ӳǸһ˲䣬̳ˡ
ԼĶβ֪ҴԭءȻҲԹŷʵ϶쵽ԣһʱŮ˳
һ㣬ŲأҪ˹ŷŮˣǲɣ¹ŷ绹ɱԼ
ŷǳǸ磬Ǹ㱬ˡ
һ߼Ĵ磬ųƲ࣬ȴ˲ˡ
ǿӡ
ӣܹݻټʮ磬пֹͣ
ˣﲻˣûʦߡɫ䣬ʱ뵽
ŷһۣԯǣ͵ߣȻԪһ֣סЩ
ԪͷûһԥԼͨ


1924 Ԫ
ǿ֣߳һѹ
ŷʩչֻأסһ򣬲йԪǿ˹ŷһۣһסʣµһС
ȻˣǶֱҧڲ
ղӳĶ̫£Ȼ֣Ҫѹƣûôס
ҺһƬ֮Уû飬һߵĴ磬Ļ鶼Ҫȫȥһˡ
ôǿ⵽ʲôԪ̲סʵ
ŷ翴һۣЩ۵˵ԼͽܵıõĶ˵ǿ󲻣
ðɣԪʾԼ˵ˡ֣Ȼͬ죬ʲôӵĶǳ
ǳ֣Ȼˣ˻ǲͣĺˣ̫ǿˣǱȫʵȻЩס
ҲڱգҲˣʵ֣ͬ
ǿ߶ˣǿסþֶΣ
һҪȫܣʵϣܹѾǼΪѵˡ
ͷЩ˼
ŷ翴һۣɫϷ˵Ժ׼ˡ
ͷһӡ
һĻȸ˳һѽԼĻУȻ˹ŷһۣ˵ס۸
ŷЦ۸Ѿͷһֳ鷳ˡ
ллȸȸл
Ŀһ۹ŷ磬ŷɫһϽԼĿ˻ӣһַǳɰĸо
ٸ۸ȸۡ
иˣŷһԭôԼŮˡ
һӣŷȴǵһЦ˵֪ܲλˣζеأϲңϲһЩƯŮˡ
ʱӲˣͬʱоȸ֣ȻͣԼϿ͡
һϽȸĻг˳ȻɫŹֵĶȸ
Ϲ˼ҵĺ¡ȸ˹ŷһۣԵЩ
Ժ׼ٵϷӣȻĻСϹҴƨɡŷȸһۡ
ղҲЩԴˣȸȻԼ棬ȥͣѵԼ뵽ŷɫЩÿ
֪ˣϹȸεε˵ŷһۡ
ΣԪȴˬˣŷǵĴڡ뵽Ԫֱӳˣһŷѹ¡
һƥŷҪɱ
䡣
ŷ֣ʥ죬һȭƥֱӳȥԪսһ
ٴչһµս˶ǳǿƣƿǬǧ磬ﲫɱ
޾綼飬һЩħȻӵԶԶģҽӴ
Ϊ̶ֳȵսʵ̫ˣ쾳еĶǿڲɱֲ˼㡣
һһ磬һҶһᣬշŷȣȻʩչͨԪС
շŷԳһ棬ǶȥˣԪʹ֮ϵ
һ̣ԪЦܽ⣬һ棬ǹ貣޾֣շ
շ飬Ԫ˳ٴ֮УͶ֮䣬ȫ޾ϡ
ⲻϣϣѹŷ硣
һǺεȿ£ԪȫȻˣҲ㹻ˡ
ŷ絭һЦ磬Ȼֱ߹ˡ
һе򣬶֮дԽȥ޷˺ŷ硣
ڹȥδ֮䣬˺ŷ硣Ȼŷվڹȥδ֣ҪܵԪҲǺѵġ
ʱյƿǬʱյܹΣʱ𣬸ұɡԪ𣬱ʱգҪŷӹȥδ֮
ǹŷ磬ȴʱ䳤ӣֱӳ˹ȥҪɱԪĹȥشĵ
ǳϵǣԪţ¶һĨЦŹŷ뿪ķ
䡣
ȥʱУһսŷһսձӹȥص˵
ԷΪû뵽ȥ㣬ȻҲǿ󡣡ŷ̲ס̾ԪһȥڶҪǿ󣬼λǿһȺ֮С
ԣŷ粻Ķ֣ӹȥ֮к˻
ʶ۷壬ҪΪʲôҪΪģǾĸ֣ҪΪΪĴڡԪͷųһɳ
ﵽǰǸΣȻϵԼΪҪεŷ綼оЩ޷ˡ
ңԷᵽ֣ŷЩȵʵ;ʶ
״̬£Щ״̬ԡ


1925 
йһսǾĵĶ֣ܡԪ˵ǹŷܹϣֲܵġ
һļһ쾳ǿߵУȻսЩˣҲֻǲһߣҪͻƵĻǴﵽǸ硣
ȻˣԪǲģϵԼΪ
ͬһսҲǶ֣Ϊ۷쾳ǿߣϧʼûа취룬ʧ٣Ҽž𲻻һЩʲô֪״̬ԼģǾĶ֣ԲŻϵΪһңԵ쾳۷壬뾪ۡ˵Ԫϱһǿҵս⡣
ŷ翴һսԪƲƲ죬˵һԪ۵Ļܹ;棬ҲҵĶ֡
Ԫϵս⣬˲ʧŹŷ磬һʵ̫ɶˣҲһֱĸоԼľˣǴʱȴֳһǰȵ𣬸Ҫ¡
һ̤ʥͲ˵ˣܹʥ𾳽ѹԪ˵һСĴ
һ˵Ĳȷʵûһ㣬뻹Ķ֡ŷ絭˵
ŷĻԪһŹŷ磬̲סʵ֪Ϣ
һľ𣬽ҵСܣͬһ̤ʥǿߡŷ翴һԪ˵
ʥʿԪ΢΢鴤һ¡
˵ǿԶԶеҪֲ
ҲšԪ˵
ͬһսһľ𣬿걬㣬Ȼ϶ԸţҲһǿߣӦףڽǾҲڽǾᱻ㳬Խ𣿡ŷʡ
һ㣬ֻҪڵңԺܹŷ絭һЦ˵һ仰
ŷĻԪ۾ˡ
ن£ֱӳ֡
Ǭشƣ̫ڿֲˣŷѹ£Ҫնɱ
ǹŷѣǿ졣
ǿ߲ɱһɱǿޱȣ໥ͨ޾Է¡
һںϴ棬Ͷ֮䣬޾ͨ󣬵嫺ȫֹâ֯һ𣬽ŷû
ŷ˸ŲĹâһ̣˳𶯾죬֣ͬɱȻһֺɨµǡ
֮ɱһСתȫԪϣȻһĻŷ¡
Դ֮۳һ죬ܹݻ£
ŷɫ䣬ȳһֶϻꡣ
һ̣Ļ飬ԪҲ˳ȥϳƣһըˡںϣס˼ûը
ȻˣԪҲˡ
һһץģ޾Դӿȫû
Ǵ汾ԴʱԪҪѹŷ硣
ŷ̲סȣԪһֱ֮ˣȻܵԴܹ֮
δţ˫ֽӡʥ죬ֱӺʥӡǻһƬ棬˳ȥʱʥӡâʢȻ˺汾Դ֮һ
Գһ棬Ǵ֮󣬹ŷԳѣƽ롣
ѾǳԽȻڹŷδﵽǸ磬ֻ΢ԡ
ȻˣҲ㹻ˡʥӡ汾Դײ﷢ըͬʱ˳ȥ
ŷ绯Σȫһ㶼Ǳ
ÿһѪ⣬һǳȫͷ߿µ
棬ôܣԪ̲ס
ŷû˵֮Уǳ⣬֣֮ӡС
䡣
֮жɫǸܵʲôµĴҪһ˸ͣ£ȴҽӽŷλãȻη壬ڰ
һֲֿľԪĲ
ŷ磬ʲô
ʵϣŷʱ棬ֱһĵˣȻֻǣŷ绹δﵽߵľ磬Щ꼻һ֣ȵٵ۷ʱҲܹɾһ档
ʹˣʱŷҲǿʥӡԪɫ
䡣Ԫֿ뷨ûˡ
̫ҪˣǼȥɡ
Ԫ䣬ŷ絭һЦֱһ֣ʥӡʧǴûдڹһԪе㲻ʵоǾһλһ
վһߵ죬֮гţǿͬԼֳȻսܣۡ


1926 
ʱ֪Լ֮ǰս۵ǶôĿЦѹ־۲ԸԼ
ǿֳͬȻսˣ䣬οµסŷһɡ
뵽һǱŵˡʱзеңǵŷĽսĻ³ܲҰɡ
Ԫҵ°ɡŷ˵仰
Ԫһ£Ȼ¶һĨŭɫ˵ܣʹɱңҲ¡
䣬Ѿĵˣŷ£ǸͲܵ顣
ԪĽ飬Ȼɱһ
ܣҴ粻κ˵£ŷͲҪˡһ߿ڣ˵
Լ磬˭Ҫ˽⣬ʹսˣҪŷ£Բܣ˵Ǳɱܡ
ŷԪ¶ʵɫ
ʹɱңҲ¡Ԫ˵
Ȼ䣬ԼĵߣŷҪԽߵĻͬ⣬౻ɱûбĺ˵ġ
ԪĻŷ΢΢ͷ˵Ȼɱ㣬Ӧһ顣
ֻҪ¡Ԫ˵
Ȼŷµ飬Ե÷ǳܡ
еĻ׼ңʱһ֣Сŷ˵յĿġ
ʵŷкףҪշԪˣǲܵģûͷŷֻҪͨ飬ԪӦԼѣһֵ
ԪҲһ£ԥֱӵͷȻģԪȻţǳ飬ģʹ㲻˵Ҳػ硣
ã仰㹻ˣ߰ɡŷ˵
û뵽ŷ羹ȻôʹķԼԪĿһ۹ŷ磬̲ס˵ˡ
ŷû˵Լʲôġ
˵ۣãڿ˵󴫣һϵˣҪǿĶˡԪ̲ס̾һ
ŷΪĺԪ۽磬ˣеĶҪܳ
ҵûиоʲôϡģҲֻҪҪˣ˳飬Ҫ̫ˡŷ絭˵Ԫ˵Ļ
ʱԪȴ̲ס¶һĨЦݣ̲ס˵û뵽ۣҲôǫʱ򣬲ҲҪ̫ĴˣЩһѾ׼սݵˣԽǾͻԽ
һ⣬ŷɫ֮΢΢ЩأԪʵ˵ǺһĴڣ
ԪͷϴһĨЦ֮УȱҾԲʱ֮УΨһսʵˣһЩһң֪ʵǿ϶Ķ֣Ǹ㵷ЩңҲ㹻ͷ۵ġ
˭ɱ⡣ŷ絭˵
Ѿʱˣϣ֮лˣʲôܣأ˸
ȣǵľ̫ԶˡԪĿһ۹ŷ磬̲ס̾˵
Ļŷȴ̲סһЦ˵ңһ᲻˼ġ
۹ȻΪۣʱ鿪ЦˣǺǣԪˡԪ뿪صԼӦڵĵط
뿪ŷɫ֮еЦʧˡ
ôˣٻʵ
ˣôУѾʲôʱˣȻȻΪĵһܹΣĵɱ˹ǵסĻٴͷҪ䣬ǵӵ׳ȥˡŷ̲ס
ԪǺõģղųֵס񱩵һЩŷȷһЩҪȫһԹŷŻŹ
ЩˣϣҲͬԪһ΢ܹЩ֪θУȻĻŷҪɱˡ
ɱţǹŷԲԸ顣Ϊ쾳ǿߣʵ̫ˣЩˣǳᣬž޴Ǳ˵ܹﵽǸ
ˣӦó飬ֻܹҡ
Ϲ㲻Ҫǻкǣ㣬иղ뿪ǸԪĺˣͲҪٶˣ˵ЩˣҲеôءٻЦ˵
ϣ˰ɡŷЦ
УȴһϣԪʵһ⣬˵ģδԪġ


1927 ŷ
ԣŷ粻ϣҪãնɱЩ׼
ŷţȻЩˣʵǿ󣬵ҲȻܱԼҪǿбԼǿˣҲѾˡ
ּĸ֣ᱻ硣ҲԪģԹŷģѹһе֡
ǣؼˡŷ˵
ŷĻٻЩģЩδȫɱǲԸȥŷѾˣҪѡ
ϹҪ¡ٻ˵
ŷ΢΢üͷ˵У̫Σˡ
ǳᶨʱ򣬸ͲԸ棬һ˭⣬ڹŷ˵һ޴Ĵ
УǣµģϹİɡԯҲڡ
ôǿߣս죬һ쳣ܳŮӣΪսʥ壬սſ˵׷
ǶսʥǿĸڹŷȴȻҪһ㣬ԯЩ
ΪǺãҪˣǿ߱ҲǷ⡣ŷЦ˵
ŷĻȸȴһ˵ϹҲ̫С˰ɣȸ㣬Щ㿴ѾǷϵʲôز㲻ΪԼĲԸ⣬ƽӹȥ
ЩȸʵһֱڽʱȣͲе̫Զˡ
ۣҪΪĵˣԯݺᣬѾαСȸڹŷİ֮£ųΪһʵǿߣʵرǿ֣ôܹĸʡ
ϹҪǿܹ㣬벻ҪֹǡħŮվ˳棬ȫ档
Ҳһ콾磬ʵȴȸ൱ڻ졣
ӵˣδ
ŷ磬㲻Ӧˡһ޷Яֶŷ˵
˵ʵ쳣ˣȻѾۼ
Ȼŷ磬ͷʵҲȣǿˡʵЩڵϳǿߣʵ
ֻǣͷǶ֣Ǿ֮Ǳصû֪
壬ʵ˵ЩҶףʵ޷֣ǻΣաŷЦ
ŷĻ޷üͷ˵ûΣգԺΣգͻӦף֮нҪңʵΣˡ
һ㣬ŷкס
ŷ磬㿴ø㣬ΪʲôˣȻңҵã츳Ǳ֮ϣ㻹Ҫʲôʱ򣿡
ǳ⣬Źŷ磬ʡ
ŷЦһǣȻ̾һ˵ҪСġ
ŷף֮У˲ЩϸһЩصǿߡ
УδνĴ壬ǸղŵԪһҪսԼ֤һЩʲôߵõ
Щˣǲء
ŮԸˣŷ粻ò֡
İɣϹŮˣûеô㲻ҪˣԱءԯߵŷߣŹŷ˵
İɣȻԪҲ˺ǵġŵ˵
ԪĶ֣ҪסԪһʱ䣬ȴ£Ǹʱ򣬹ŷѾܵ˹ˡ
֮УûǹŷĶ֣š
ˡŷͷɫ֣ء
Ůǹŷһη֣ȥʵԼļֵȻ˷ܡ
ϹԺͻףǶôǡԯЦ˵
ŷͷû˵һʧ
޷ޣһۣҲ뿪ˡ
ʵ϶˵ҲһҪٻǣ϶ҪһЩǿײ˵һַǳõĳɳ
ŷûлصݣҵ
ʼ׼û뿪ʮޣѾûж೤ʱˡ
ŷͷ˵ǸƻԿʼˣϣ̸п˳
Ļ¶һĨЦݣ˵ԷģЩһǲĻ϶ͬ⣬е̫Ϊˣʱ䣬Ҫǣʵ̫ˣʦе㵣Ͼʥ֮ϵľ磬ҪͻƣԼʮ꣬ʵ̫ˡ
ʦַģһܹġŷɫᶨ
۴һ˵ܹ䣬ҪԼƻĿ꣬Ȼ綼Σˡ
ãЦ


1928 
ʱ䣬ŷδ֣ݵĺĳԱ֪ŷ絽ȥʲô˶֪۲ھݵС
⼸꣬ճնɱӭӸ·սߡǲ޵еģҲսܵʱ
ԯ죬һս֮Уˣһ֮㣬꣬һʵ춯أǿƵ˼㡣
ǣԯȴսⰺŬ˼㡣
ʿ֪ǳΪԼʵܶսΪףֻҪɱ֣ǲ˹
ȻҲҪɱŮˣǶʶƣֱӻɱ
ʿǲ֪ԭλ󣬾ȻǿƵһˡ
⼸֮УħߵھŲ𶯡ģǳԪһСУиǿѣϢˣɫˡ
Ǻܿ죬Щطƽ
ǲ²⣬һǿߣҪûгɹԲƽӦú;йϵѹЩǿߡ
뵽ֿܣܶ˻
ͬʱ֮кͨһֱǿ̽Ҫ֪û뿪ǽҵģǱɱ˲ǿߣһԱȼЩŽǿߵĴڣҲһ䡣
̫ˣʵˣֲ˼㡣
»ߣ򡣺ܶǿ߹ȴҽ硣֮ǰʧе̫ˣǿɲ뱻ɱ
߸űˮ磬˶վ⡣
ʱ䵽ˡ΢΢һЦ
Ļ˵ͷ
һ̣֮У쳤Х趯ƮɣֱһȺǿɱȥ
һȺ쾳ǿߣһĴڣǴʱȫ¶Ȼɫܵһɲɵֿϡ
ɱ
ֱ֣ץһ쾳ǿߣڶԷʵ֮УֱӽԷˡ
һɱһ쾳ǿߣʵ
ߡǸʵ൱ǿߣֱӳ˹ȥսȴ뿪
˭Ҳ߲ˡսԷͬʱأסЩˡ
ʮ쾳ǿߣһͬĴڣʱȴһȺһΧɱ
㲻Ҫ̫֣Ϊ൱Ȼս磬Ҫƴһʯ٣ҲѰɡǸǿŭ˵
ʵȴھԷ̫ǿˣսƥЩͬһģΪβ˴ϳ
нһƳĵط
̫ԶˡĮ˵
һȭԷˣһѪ˳
رѹǸǿߴ𣬾رգÿһϢ䣬ܹǬ
¾񡣡
֣¾ȹŷǿ˲֪٣ããȫǿߵʬ壬еĴͬ棬ǺӶԵ÷ǳСҲеʬ壬ǳСȴһָоأݲСӰȻնɱֻӰҲŵϡ
Щĵ֣նɱʱԻǸǿëȻҲֲ̫ˣЩӰ棬ܵһͬϡ
һУնɱ쾳۷ǿʮÿһиɣ㣬ʮ𡣡˵
еǸǿ߻ʮּǿߣ찡Ȼһ棬δܹҳôǿߡ
ǿʱһſһ棬ֵ̣ʮǿߣҲֲ̫ˡ
ǿףԼԲĶ֣ˮǸġ
Է̫ǿˣʵס
ʹͬһΣԷоѹʵ
һս˶ɱȻǸ쾳۷ĴڣҲˣ
һ̣һ
ˣȫ쾳۷ĴڣʱǴڣѾӾܡ
һɡ֣һֵնǰһֻ˳
˴𣬿ֻ֡
ǵס˴֣ȴסˡ
뷢԰׵ߣȻһ࣬ǺӢ䣬ɫսף
֪лɱ쾳۷ǿߵʵֵܿɲһˣ˫棬˫ɱǣҪùˣŹǣǲٴ⡣һ߿ڣȻ˵Լ˫ȴЩ飬ּкĲҲġ
ֱӳ֣ûκԥ
Զܶǿ߹սǿƣ޴ĸо


1929 ճǼ
һս˫汻ɱǴңԶ»ڣսȫδȴû뵽ȴɱ
νĲǰʲô㲻ϣһ죬ˣǸûĻᡣ
̫ǿˣеǿ߶˭Ҳһɱ
еǿ𣿾Ȼǿ˵زѰ쾳۷壬˭ܹסͲǶ֡
ǿʼɣԼҪ磬һȷľ𣿱Ͼǿֻ뿪ˣûȥʤܣǴսϻ֪Լ飬ֺһǾĲ
һ㹻ˣң֮УֹһĴڡ
ʵϣȻҪ磬ҲֻеļСһʵ򣬹޷󣬶ңǿ߶಻ʤ
򣬶ڲǱŵãǿ̫ˡ
ȻҲһЩǿߵնվھ֮ϣ
ûг֣ΪȻɱЩˣδơЩˣʵͬǿ󣬶쾳۷Ĵڡ
ܵʮϢԼһЦ˵磬ƱˣҲԲ˭Ҫ磬ǾڴǿߣȫսһƬսɡ
Ļǿֱð
֪ǿߣսһƬսǾԲܵ飬Իǿӳ
˵˵ֻҪ𣬾㹻ܵˡ
һЩˣֱӴùġǰҲһʵϣǵʵԼܵõ֮ĻԵ
ΪܵõĶЩµļһʵʵأȵʵﵽʱҲЩԵǵˡ
뵽Щֱ뿪
ȻҲһЩ˸⣬ЦȻδ֣˼ԣǸͲԸ֡
һֱۣ뿪ص֮У²ȾѪŮ˵һͷǳݵ֮У֮С
Ʈҡһܶǿߣһһҹļս˳ȾѪǶԼģȫ˵ѪһѪ䣬ǶͷŲԣԵ쳣ˡ
֮ŭ𣬵ȴҳֶ̫ˣ磬췭ظ
磬֮ĸ󻼣ʱȴɱ
ŷ֣վڰ»ߵǰ˵ʦ뿪
ţգұ̤սͷɫ֮˵Ľ
˵սʲôҪףȻǰսΪ˱ȫΪɱеġ
գŮ뿪
ո뿪֮УǿϢоףҪһ
֮УҲһ嫵ֹ𶯾졣Ҫ̤磬
ŷվǴһĨЦݣһ㶼ЩǿߣɫȻ֮ͨǰ
ɣʦѾ뿪ˣģʱ磬ûܹΣյǵĴˡŷ֮ͨк
Ū飬Ӿ͹ȥһûС֮дһЦһǿĴڣҪˡ
ŷֱȥһ㶼û˼
ǸǿĴڣոսһ룬Ȼֱ˻ȥŷе̫ˡ޿֣ǸͲǹһ
ղߣǺҪһ
ЩǿߣȻȻ뵽ûߣʵͨΧǳ֡
ŷеǿߣĿɿڴǶһۣԷеǡ
һǹôģ޿֣зֹе㲻֪ˡ
һۼĴڰˣȻ޿֣Щ𾪡
ŷʱ䣬Ȼһ˶ҹЩǿ߲ͣ̽ǲ̤һΪ壬ǲұ֤Ѿ뿪ˡ
֮УʱҲ˽ŵգ˶֪ۣһ˶סͨͨǣǸ֪ۣõĲǿճǼƶѣʵϣѾ뿪֮Уûܹסطǿߡ
ҵǣԼ֪Ϣǿߣȴ֪ϢһֱΪпܻڣ˭ҲҶĲ
ԣһֱţ˵Щòģһֱսľ¶Էʱɱ˹
ʱȻǿҲܵסطǿߣΪʱ̫ˡ


1930 
ÿʱỵ̈ǶģЩ˻ɱЩ꣬ѵõİΪû˼
磬Ҫˣǻʲô
ԣ˶ƴҪطǿߣʱһƴ֮
ŷȻҲ֪Щɫ֮У΢΢Щɬֻʱǲ֪֪ڶе̫ˡ
رһˣ뵽ŷ̾Ϣһ
ʵкҲеһ㶼Сǿݡ
ΪڶԭԲһֱơ
ЩǿϣȻ򣬶硣
Ժ֮תЩͷŷϣȴһ鶼ûУƽǸͲ֪磬ʵΣһ
ʱ䵯ָȥЩ̲סˡ
ΪǵõϢս֮Уһµ쾳ǿߺճɱ۷쾳ǿߡ
Ǹ˺ǿƣսԵޱȣȫѹͰ»һ·
ԣǾãǸ˶
ȻѾ뿪磬Ȼͷˣеǿߣڰ಻ס
Сڲƭҵȣտɱ㡣һ쾳ǿߣһʵ͵¡
ŷ翴һۣûзϻֱһƳ˳ȥ
ۡ
Ǹ쾳ǿߣɴ۾ֱըˣֱû뵽ԼȻһۼСɱˡ
̫СˣȻ磬Ҳʲôèܹġŷ絭˵ᣬŵһЩˡ
ղŹŷı֣Լ֮ǰȻǿӰӡЩףŷǳɳĻɾͲ
һž޴Ǳǿߣúܶۺ죬˾ȻԼĺ󱲵ӣź
ź֮ȴɱ⣬һ˽ܳɳȻĻһ
뵽֮ǰܣľսٳһˣǿҪд鷳ˡ
һСѣɱ㡣֮Уǿ֣߳ϾȻƬȴεģʱһ˫ѪɫӣŹŷ磬ɱʮ㡣
סɱˣ񡣡Ǹǿ߿ڣȻŷȥ
ǿ𶯣ŷ֣Էս
ʵȸղŵǿߣ΢ǿһ㣬ȻˣҲǹŷĶֻ֣غɱ
ʱҪսܹŷ磬ЩΪ۷쾳ǿ֣߳ȻĻûܹ
ŷʱʵʹ¾ۣҲһս
ǿСǵǰҲֻһϣˣ㵲סǵһط֮ͨУоǿ߸
ŷɫ䣬һȻ֣ҪסǸͨ
һжͽ֮ͣе۷쾳ǿ֣߳ŷ类ɳȥųƲʱơ
൱£ŷһ·ߵڣȻǸεˣҪ׻סڣȴһӾ͸ˡ
ѾʩչԼǿĹȻãŷǵĶ֡
һҧŷ绳ͳ飬Ȼݺݵ˳ȥ
ŷ˵ܹ켶ǿߡ
֮ͨУŭĴѪ֣ŷһȻû˵ЩȻ
ϣҪɱ㡣
СҲŵġ
ɱ⣬ʱ򣬲ϹҪˡʿҲͨС
ͬ硣
䡣
ǧǿ߳˽쾳֣ľһٶˡͷЩ۷쾳ǿߣһʮȫͷųµϢ
Ժɨһ档
ûŷ緢໥ӣ¶ԷԼ֡Ϊ֮䣬ҲǾ֡
еǿߣһЦ˵ǶûȤֻҪ硣
ǿߵĻеǿһ£Ȼͷ˵ǵĿģǲͻе飬ǲܣֻҪԵ
ãɱˣȥһԵ̴˹ʶ
û⡣
˫һֻҪ໥֮ĿģûгͻǾˡʵϣеʵҲ൱ǿ󣬴ʱûȫء
ԣеǿߣеǿˣҲ൱ɵġ
ҪɱˣҪõԵ֪ûʹۣŷЦһȺˣ˵
ۣʲôССһϣȻҲǰ𣿡һ۷쾳ǿЦĲм
ɱϣʡǰQвһǿ߿ڣɫ֮ȫ⡣


1931 
ǿߣδӹŷ磬Ȼʦܡʵ㲻ǵӡ
Сն㣬㻹ܹôϻ𣿡һӣĲߣǻȴͷųһɿµɱ⣬ڹŷϣҪһ
ŷɫأһ༶ǿߣǿơ
ˣʸμսڶ쾳ǿߣȻǸ쾳۷ĴڣҲˡ
ԣŷ粢ûһ⣬ԼܹǿߣǱϾֻ㣬ܹܲе㲻˵
ͬ޵УŷҲܹԽɱУڣԷĲ̫ˣŷδﵽǸ磬ù㡣
סɱ˽ۡۿڣͬʱϣһȻһѳץУֱŷ硣
ϣɡۿڣ쳣Ȼ
ֳִ󵶣ɨȥݺᣬ졣ǬˣɱããȥһĨ棬˾
ʵ̫ˣֱ˵ѹһУǿľ
һŷδܣһٻ罣ͬն˳ȥ
ȵҫۣµɱûдﵽ۵ǰ̲סһѪ
¶ȻɫǰСȻǿ
䡣
뵶ײûɱȫɢһЩΪǳǿߣɱϣֱը飬һֿûС
Щ쾳۷ĴڣҲ¶һĨɫŷʵʵе㲻󣬿˵ֱ׷ǡ
Щ˵ⲻһϢǲԸ⿴磬ٳκһ
ԣɱŷǷǳҪġ
ײ֮к֮У˳ˡ쾳۷ǿ֣߳Ҫɱš
ŷЦһѾϡ
һ鱻óȻǱߵǿ˹ȥʱֵǸ쾳ǿߣʱɫ䣬ֱջԼ֣顣
飬ղű˵ǡ
ǿߣ˻ȥŷһתǸ龹ȻתǸֵǿ߷˹ȥ
ԷһҲ˻ȥ
ǣҲˡŷ絭ջ飬Ц˵
ŷĻŭֻǲԼˣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļ
ˣһСļԴֱ
С̫ˣΪһ飬ܹ𣿵ɱгֵǸǿ߿ڣҲģĸߴһɫս״ϣԵ쳣䡣
īɫͷɢһ˫ڵӶڹŷϣ˿µɱ⡣
еǸ쾳۷ǿûпڣǶΪĴڣȥΧɱһС
ڣѾ磬Լϵ⣬Եһʱ䣬ɱһţ˵Ͳʲô
ְɣҽ²ɱ֮˵֡ŷ絭˵װơȻ˵Ҫնһ쾳۷Ĵڣ˵ǣ̲סһ鴤һĿʵ̫һɡ
Сˣ죬ס֡Ǹ쾳۷ǿ߿ڣ˵Լ֣֮˵İȻ
ŷһ㱻˱ӣָŶԷŭϲĶȻռҵıˣǵУҲʦ䣬治ҪҪʦ֪ˣԻ㣡
˵ʲôŭ֣һȴ죬ǵصĲءֻŷĻȴͱʹ
꣬Ϊ죬ðԼţ׷ɱǧ꣬ȻδɱǼÿһα׷ϣͻᱻһ١
飬ѾΪ˲Ľɣ˭춼ŭ
û뵽쾹Ȼ˵ҶԷĵӡܴ裬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ц˵ʦһᣬҾɱˣ˵ʦҵĳ𡣡
ŷһʱˣ죬Ϊ֣ԼʦѵԼղŵĻ϶Ǵ̼Էˡ
кЦ⻹ԩ·խ
ŷ粢£һЦսս׸ϣͷųµϡָ֮£ŷ⼸꣬սսףʱսս׵ȫͷų
Ȼͬ˵һսս׵챦
Ͼǵսʵõսףôֻǻһµĵزŷȫ漤սս׵ܣֿµķùŷκһǿߡ
ȻҲǹŷеĸоѣôģд֤ǰˣ֤ö


1932 ս
һսŷûзϻֱһ֡
Цһŷ߹λ𲻶ڹȥδȴɲ׽ǸͲһ

ŷǰһƣֱӺɳȥѪ
СȻϣұʶһ£ʲô۷쾳û׷ϣʮ㣬ΪȻŷߣҲӵùġ
һŷǵѪЦһ˵ԭôһѵڸҰĦ𣿲Ҳ̫Сһɣ治һϸİĦʦ
ŷĻ˶Ŀɿڴ쾳ǿߵĿֲһȻ͵ǰĦ
˶֪ΪŷϵǸսףȻ챦ȴп챦ķղŲĹȻȫ˹ŷϣǻ϶սսжˡ
ԣŷܵ˺أŻԵôɡ
ȻѾˣǾͽһУǻ˵ĴͳŷЦóֱڹȥδ֡
Ϊµͨ
ȥȳһֶϻ꣬һΣʥӡʩչ棬Ȼ֣ɱȥδʩչѣڴ֮ϣһС
ֿµֲͨ˼㣬ʱһȫɱ졣
ЦΪ⣬һϰˣȻǿķܹΣֱһָȥҪŷͨ
ֻǣָ͹ŷͨӴʱ֪ԼСˣס
ָ͸첲˲ը飬ʣµڲϣһ㽫ˡ
ȻˣҲ˿µƣԡѪһը
ĿɿڴǲŵĿǰһĻԼǲΣǿ쾳۷ĴڣȻŷһֻ֣ǼֱΪԼˡ
ңԡѪȻҲܵ˲˺ǼֱҪɣ쵽ǲ쾳۷ǿˣĻôô
ʵϣǲ̫ˣǹŷеҪǿ֣ȫǹŷΪµͨԹŷڵʵ˴⣬Ϲŷ磬˳Ƿǳ顣
ǲһƶûУǲء
˲֮󣬹ŷ羹ȻֱȥԽȥ
Ҫʲô˾
Խȥɲô׵ģķԪܴ󣬳Ǽ侫ͨʱͿռǿߡǲ֪ǣνʱ֮ŷֻͨأѾȻأʱͿռ˵һ¡
ۡ
һѪ˳ĿɭȻŹȥŭնɱҵĹȥ
ȻΪʵԭ򣬹ȥԼɱʧǲԪȴˣǱնһ
ƣȬ
ŭȥ֣Ҫŷץ
һ̣ò쾪ŭ飬ٴηŷ󣬴һֻء
ǿֻ֮ڲϣһ棬˽ȥһ̣ǰȻһװ۵СкҧָͷСܵ¶棬۾ȴ
Цȴ̲סȻŷʵǵԤϣȻһ쾳۷ǿߣȵزȻ֪ŷȡɣϲˣԲŻĺǹŷʵֶΣȴܹ񶨡
ʵֶΣʵ̫ˡ
ܣڹȥֻضɵС޿ڣԼһ
һϷ⣬忪ʼ󣬻ָǰӡֻǣȻûд·
һЩŮʿһĻ̲סһֱӽͷתȥˡ
ʱ򣬲ȥûע⵽ֻйŷ磬һ˫𣬶ݺݵĶڹŷϣŭҲɱ㣬ĲΪˡ
棬㻹𣿲ö˰ŷ̲סҡͷ
ʱ򣬲ŷԼ̲סһɫͨ죬ɫĹһֱӴ·
ŶԣȻԼˣΪҪһҪ޵ϰߣ˵ʱ򡣡ŷҡͷһ˵̵ӡ
ɫ࣬ףԼ˶ˣΪǰСǱӶĳ
˵
ܶ˵Ļŷסû˵
һЦмĶ˵ôǶ𣿡ɫмùŷװƵĻѾʱˡ
ǣǶ𱩾ˡŷĵ˵
ŷĻúܶ˾ջһ
뿪ڣожһ۳ɵĳǹݺݵͱСУȻﶴ


1933 Ŷ
˶Ļһһŷ֣սսףնǹݺݵͱȥȻٳ
Ŷۣв
Щ쾳۷ǿߣŷҲڿһ˼ɵ̶ֳȵ˺Ȼɱǣȴ̫ˣҪȻǴϵ޵֣ɨǿߣΣ飬ǻᱻ˳Ц
֮Уͬ飬֪һ飬᲻Ӱ
ŷ粻س鶯ǹ£̲סˣȻը飬Ԫӳȥ嵽һߣȻѸٻָ
һ˫ӣӺɫɫ̺ŭ𣬡ŷ磬ҷģղɱ㣬ĲΪˡŭˣǿɱмùҽһֱ֣֮ܵըˡ
ŷȴһ㶼ͬ飬Щǵˣɱõġ
Ҫɱң죬ûʵŷЦһɫԼһ˹ȥ
䡣
ŷһȥ죬һЩ쾳۷Ϲﶼɫֱ׷ˡ
ȻŷΪ챦ԭ򣬲ܹͷųǿĹѾ㹻ľˡ
Ϊŷľ磬ʥ𾳽ѣ쾳ս̫ˡ
֣Ұɱһ쾳۷ǿ߳Ҫɱŷ硣ҲԹ죬ԸһСɫȻôʱ䣬̫ˡĻԻ̵ʱڣŷɱһ㶼ΪԴŪԼˡ
Ҫɱ׼κ˲֡ת쿴Ǹǿһۣ˵
ĻǸ쾳۷ǿףԼǲֵĻ첻мԼԼŭ⡣ֳֺõ飬Ȼȥ
ԣǿ˻ȥվ￴Ϸеʱ䡣
ϣҾҪ㣬ʼֻϣʹżܹ˵飬ҲֻΪһʱѣϣԶĶ֡ɫ䣬Źŷ磬ɱȻ
ڹŷ磬޵˼㡣ȻԼɱ˹ŷ磬Ҳ˳ЦģһӢһպͬǿǰǳЦĶ뵽еɱ⣬ӵŨˡ
ķϻ̫ˡŷЦһֳкַ硣
С
֪СȻ˵ִ󻰣ֱ
ƾܹסǣǻȥء
ǿߣЦʮ쾳۷ǿߣ⻹еءŷһˣһ쾳۷嶼Ȳοôˡ
ŷû˵ںͲսսļŷ·硣
ʵŷϹȣ̫ԶˣԹŷͲǲĶ֣Ȼսս׺ǿʱס˶ԷĹǱ顣
Сҿ㻹ʲôͣϵӦսսװɣӽ쿪ʼˣҵҪ֪ʧȥľ𣬵׻û޵ϵµʵ˵̲סЦ˳
ĻŷЦһȻ˲̰
ϻֻƬѵһҪ𣿾ƾ㣬Ǹʸ𣿡ŷЦʡ
ŷĻһЩ̫쾳۷ǿߣʱ̲סоһ
ֻƬֶǵУ챦Ҫ
òˣһ֣ɱǸСӡ쾳۷ǿߺǳ˹
ʮˣҪŷΧס
ʱ򣬹ŷֱӽ˳ȥ
Щ˱ɫʶ˻ȥʱ򣬹ŷӴܣ˳ֽˣȻĿѾﵽˣȻԸ˷һ
׷
Щ쾳۷ǿɫһ䣬ȫ˹ȥ
սսףֻƬһ˵ıʹΪ쾳۷ĴڣҲĶŹ
ŭһǿʽҪŹŷ粻ע⣬ŷɱȻǼȴû뵽ʮ쾳۷ǿߣȫ˳ˡ
òŭһиɵ˵ĳ嶯
ȻҲֻǳ嶯ѣǶʮɱ⣬Լͻˡ
ʮͬһǿߣ˲ɱˣûκ
ʣµЩǿߣһۣҲԼǿߣ˳ȥֻһЩɢޣҪˮˣûиȥ˵Щȫܵģ֮ѰұĻԵ


1934 δ
ǲ֪ǣɢһȺǿ߸ȥΪ׵ˣԪĿȻͬݷˣǰʱ׼һ
ڹŷ磬ֱС
ʱĻ磬ţһ鶼ûС
ûжԶŷ㱻Χסˡǿ̫࣬Ǹĸ֣ʮˣһ֣˹ŷٶȣӲȥ
ŷҲûҪӳȥ磬Ŀꡣ
꣬Ҫȡʵˣ뵽ŷ̲ס¶һĨЦݡ
ͷȻĪѾˡʵ֮г˺⡣
һ𱩾յ϶ûлأôȥأǵءŷЦ˵
ֻһϰˣ֮ңȻ˿ұɱ㣬֪쾳۷ǿ߲衣ŭߣһ̤Ҫɱŷ硣
ʱȴмһϽЩȻ˻ȥ
ʲô˼춢ųֵļˡ
ǿߣҲǿˣϴЦ֮УһĨ̡
죬㵱ǶɵɱСҪЩˣΪǵõЩܹսĹʮ𣿡еһǿ߿ڣɫ֮дһĨ
ţ棬㲻ҪңֻҪɱǸСΪԼˡ˵ɫ֮дһĨ
ƯɣⲻЩٳԡţ浭һЦ
һҪ֡
ڴʱʮɱȫϣӴѹһˡʮͬǿߵɱ⣬ȻҪסôɡ
ݺݵһȴ˵ˣһ˿ʮͬǿߣǴʵﵽ磬Ȼͬ»ߣݣҲɡο죬ʵϲʵǰЩ쾳ǿȣûʲôͻĵط
Ǹ㲻ףһȺҪˣȻЦŷ̲ס˵ЩһѵͲһԼܱߵĻ
ϿȻܹɱǣǹŵġţЦɫм
Ҳֻһͷţѣûʲô˲ˣʵôֻ꣬ЩϹĺܲˬûа취Ȼֻǣֻܹɱ˵ˡŷ絭˵
ŷĻЩͻȻһ
ãץסһǿߴȻŷ˹ͬʱЩ쾳۷ǿߣȫ֣Ҫŷ׽ס
ΪŹŷĻһ䣬һɿµϢǰΧסˣЩǿߣ̲סľһֲõԤС
ǱˣǶҪһ£ס˹ŷ磬Ȼŷʧǵǰ
еǿߣȫǶһۣԷǡ
ȥ֣磬Ҫȥ𾪵ǣһ˳ֱӴϣһը飬ݺݵҽһɽ֮С
ڳȫ̲סΪ쾳۷Ĳ죬Ȼ޷ϳȥ
Ҫˣô꣬Ϊ磬ʱķѹǰͬƾǵʵʹ֣ܴƵġһھ֮ϣǿ¶Цݡ
һѪȾʢ磬ϣϲ˵
еǿߣȫͨǿûߣһµȦףԼ˽
Ȼ쾳۷ǿߣǵɫҲһÿһĳƣֻҪˣǼµġ
㲻ҪΣʹлһ㲻Ҫˣֻһңʮǿߣһ֣ܹȥ˳ȻȾѪȴЦ˵
ԡվھ֮ϣĻ綼ˣһƬɱ޾ɱЩȫڲҽУ顣
ֻ쾳ǿߣܹȥסһ
ȻˣҲǱ˼㣬м쾳ǿߣҲɱˡ
ͷɢž֮ϵЦ̶ֳȵĹɱǣǴȥһɱ㡣
ǾͲţܹסʮ쾳۷ǿߵĺɱǳȥţҲŭ
Щǿߣȫɱڣ쾳ǿˣһ֣ͬҪ硣
˵ˣһѪȾʢ磬һ߲ˡ˵Ļһ쵶նǿߡ


1935 ɱǿ
ʱƿأȫܡǻȴ磬Ϊɱ˵
쾳ǿߣҲһը飬ɫȻЩ̿֡һȺ쾳ǿ֡Ȼ鲻硣
ǲţԼֱһ
Ҫ֪ôˣֱˣȴ䵽һ³
ȻûǼһȴܹµɱ
ʦ֣Ҫæ𡣡ŷ֣ѯ
߰ɣɱЩߣ֮УûǿߣĶ֡
á
ŷ뿪ֱ硣
ʱڷսԪǳ֣սǿߣĺࡣһЩ类ٵȫ
һĻԪЩأȴ֪ʱȴ̾ϢʱɱЩߣǿ϶еģԪԼõ˵׼
ЩֵǿߣʵԪԪǿߣ쾳ǿ뿪֮󣬲ͻƵһЩ˵ʵԪ
ǴʱҲԡѪսΪǵʵ̫ˣһ˶кü֡
ƽʱǷеαֵʿʱҲ˺ܴţЩǿߣǱ˼㡣
ǣһսǲˣΪһսܣ涼Ҫ㸲԰ᱻٵⲻԸ⿴ġ
ǸʱȻǻţҲֻһȺսܵ˰ˣûм԰ûεڸ֮С
һǿ߱򱬣һСãһ㶼ȴߵһܵĥ̫ˡ쾳ʵ󱬷ǱͷţڵԪּǿߵѹͬǶ֣Ҫɱ
Ǳ˳ȥָ֮ٴγ˹ȥµĹ
ССϣҲ뺳죬ɱ쾳ǿЦʵǸĴڣʱȫ֣Ҫɱ֡
ǸСûǿ¶ɬЦݣԼˣڵ״̬͵סͬǿߵĺɱǱɡ
ߡ
ҪĿʱһߴǿߣ㷢һȻ顣
۳֣ɨȥֱӺǿߡ
ȻҲûпһۣٴγս
Ǿۣ찡Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɡûǿ̲סŹŷıӰɫ֮г𺳡
ղŲһɱǿߣȻס۵һֽ̫ˡ
ǾۣеǿߣȻԵƺšһ쾳ǿ֣߳վûǿߣ̾˵
ͷѵҲԼǾ۵Ķ𣿡ûǿ̲ס𾪵ʵ
ͷʵʵ֮ϡ
ãܹסۼУͷʵ
һ£˵ǲ챦ֻƾʵֵĻҪʮУܹɱңҶǴͨС
أͷʵһ£ȻЩԥǻ˵Ҫɱңǧ֮⣬һߣδܹס
ԣԶԶۣңѵûз֣ûн쾳ֻһۼǿߡͷڣ˵˹ŷΪ
ûһ¶ŵɫʱղŵĹŷȻǿ󣬵ľ磬ȴûн쾳
һʲôӵڸֲþͷ߰ˣΪԼǾ۵Ķ֡
縣ͷо˸
û˵ȻҲһ㣬ҲЩǿߵı
һͬעֻܹΪǡ
ߣһȥɱСͷо˸
õͷ֣ɱЩǿߡ
ڹŷ磬ҵһһսȻ֣Щǿߣеǿߣھ쵽˲ԡеĲһǴݿ࣬Ǳ˼ǺܶͬϢѾʧˣȻЩӦѾɱˡ
ʱеǿߣȫˣ֪ԼΣˡ
һЩԼĶ֣ͨɹȥǸûлᵽŷɱ󣬺һȺǿ߻ϣסЩˡ
ЩУЩκǸǿߣڹŷУȴǶ֣ŷɱ
ŷıʵѾˣսսףܹʱ֮ڣЩ쾳۷Ĵڣʱ֣Ȼܹסġ
ϹŷһȺ֣ȫǽ쾳ǿ߸ӵסˡ


1936 ٳ
ǿߣȫɱߣҲ䣬ùŷ۵Ĳˡ
ⶼδмпܳɳΪǿߣڣȻˣսУϧ
ŷɫѿɱȣҪҪߵĳ嶯
ۣǴӮˣɫΪѿ̲סʵ
һۣŷ̾Ϣһ˵۰쾳ɾͲˣ˵ܹ̫ˣʧ
ŷ̾ϢŷĻ˳ĬͬʱҲԹŷЩˣܹ֮ΪۣΪģ硣
ǣʵԼ˽ġҪսսŷ硣
ֻǣŷǿǣǲδ顣ں͹ŷһȣЩ
еǿߣʱȴɲΪǷ֣ԼĳԱȫɱˣһûˡ
ǿ㣬ֱ֪֮һѪ˳
Ǹǿߣһ޴ŭ𣬶ʱ֪ˡ
ûߣ֮У壬նɱеǿߣǿߣҲͬɱ
ǰǿߣһûʣ£ȫɱ
û뿪ͬʱ֮УҲͬŭ
֮еǿߣȫŭû뵽ԼôСģȦףôˣطһʮ쾳۷ǿ߰ɱˡ
ǵĵӣҲκǸǿߣҲͬһЩǴʱͬɱˣһʣ¡


֮Уͬʱŭ
ǿ߳Ҫɱ
ߣȥɱǡ֣ȳ統С
﷢춯صļսֲʹ֮УҲܹ֮ãѪ˵֮С
档
֮Уһλ䣬ɱдһʹ࣬ڰԼ档
ǣȴû˸Ҵ磬»ߵĿ£ĺ˴磬ҲܹɱǿߣǶеʿ˵ǾԲԸġ
֮зս֣ɱһҲܵΧͻΧ˻
ˣءҺйŷڣֱӳ֣Ϊˡ
ã죬ֱס硣
û˸Ҽһɱǣֲ̫ˣһɱطơ
˭磬һûСڣ磬ǳĬ
û˸һشǵ񣬶ԷٴɱǷˣƣѾָʱվ˾߾磬û˭Ըǿߡ
ʦ֣ҿǱƵˣ벻ٹˡŷһ
˹ŷһۣ΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣûô򵥣Եǵջʵ̫ˣǲɱЩڵȣ뿪
ŷü뿪磬ľҪдˡ
ŷɫ֪һЩʲôҡҡͷ˵ļƻȥд϶ܹסʵ̫ˡ
ĻŷЦʵʵѾǿˣȻУˣҲһ֣Խһһš
ֻϹȣȷʵ̫ˡңŷҪģǻס飬ʵԵЩ
㡣
УһѪ۳˹ŷС
ʲôŷ̲סʵ
ѪУܵ޾ԹǿԪииֵ֯µ˼㣬һѪǱĻܹٵ֮һ档
ڻУɱǿߣȻ۳һѪȥʵ˵
ʲôŷһѪһ㱻ӵˣȥЩǿߣô쾳ǿߣлʮ쾳۷ϹǱɱѪҺ۳ɵѪ⿰˵ǴҩֻҪˣܹǿս
Ǵʱȴ͸˹ŷ硣
ŷһǳˣǴʱȴãѪеֲ֣ҽӵ뷨
Ǹܵ˹ŷ뷨Ŀһۣ˵㿴ʦ֣
ãŷ˵ֱӽѪŷ֪ԼʦֵƢ˵ˣԼǸҲյĻᱻѵһ١
һΣҪ뿪ˡһۣһŷ˵
ŷɫ΢΢Щأŷֻ˵֣ءǸսӼҲпᡣ


1937 뿪
İɣʦôģǲҪɵӲ䵽һĵزҲǱٸգǱǿߣҪɱңǾԲܵġЦ˵
죬ͬԼ˵ĻûܹɱȻǿͬҲһ
ҪеֶΡ볹׵ȥȴûôס
һͨ뿪ˡ
֮УܵһУȴδûнĴ㡣
ǿ㣬Ѿ뿪Ϣ˳ȥȴû˶һε飬ľһε뿪˭֪ĻǼٵġ
ٱƵĻǿܺǰһһնɱ
ǸʱʣµˣûˡҲȥˣһᱻϷ
Ͼ֮ееôǿߣȻûκһ磬ǿ»ᱻЦ޾¡
˭ҲԸⶪ˭ҲԸðա
˶ڵȣҪȵսʽ׳Խʱٽ磬ǸʱѾˡ
ȻҲ˲š쾳۷ǿߣ͵͵Ľ֮ͨУҪ硣
ǵǽ֮󣬶ʱɵˡ
һ˵ǵǰһ˫ӶǣһĨɱ⡣
ôܣϴ㣬Ѿ֮ˡ쾳۷ǿ̲ס
㣬Ӧò̫Ŷԣһ֮󣬱͵͵Ǳ
ûʲôܵġŷЦֻƬС
֣ŷҲͬһ֣սǿߡ
еǿŭҪȥһжͽͣΪֻƬսҪȥǴֻƬѹơ
ǣ˵ʵֻܺƬѹơ
ǿߣһֻƬӡ޾¶ܹѳοˡ
Ҫ֪ۿһҪǿߣʵǹΪǿ֮һˣһ쾳۷壬ǿ˲֪ٱ
֣޷ֻƬγɵսǾ˫ӶݺݵĶŹŷǣ˲ġ
ǣ֣սԼĶ֣˲֪ٴΡԷԪ󣬲ͣײȼԪҪشɱ
һжͽͣͬһĴڣǸͲĶ֡
ĶֱɱԪ񶼱ն
ֶδ֣ۼŷĶսǹŷԼҪģҪͶԷȫһսԼǿߣжĲࡣ
УŷˣǶԷĶ֡Ⲣ⣬һʥѣҲۼܹսزֻһ쾳۷ǿߣŷ԰ˡ
ԣ֮󣬹ŷ˳ȥʱˡ
Ȼ֣ǿѹԷʮУɱ쾳۷ǿߣöԷ䡣
ŷ֮г⣬ԼʦܣʵԽԽǿˣԼٵľϲ
ŷ˵ͷС
һΣȻûߡЩǿ߸ܵĶ֮󣬶ʱз䣬ҺδȻĻҲҪǸղǸһɵˡ
뵽ֶΣ̲סľŶ೤ʱ䣬нʮǿߣСһֱһɱִڣ̲סľ
ڣ˭Ҳȥ磬ǾԸԼҲʹ졣
ʵϣҲһѹȥĻӲҲᱻȥܶˣȻԸɵȴûܹ֤ԼԿԻ
ȥһԵģȥģΪ˳ɹĻʯġ뵽˶ЦǶڵȣ˭ܹ˭
ǸսǵõϢԾսʺϱˣһ֮㣬ʵǿڹؼʱ̳֣ʱѾսˡ
ԣȻҪ磬սʽҲˡ뿪ǱȻģҪľǣʲôʱ뿪
ŷͨǰûйãҲ뿪ˣһˣȻһûС
ǰ֮û˻ɵ˶֪пû뿪ֻҪûȷеϢǾͲж
ڹŷ磬ȥֱ֮ӱչءеѪҪʵֻӵ㹻ʵŷܹ㹻ʸ񣬱Լļ԰Ҫˡ
£ָȥˣ֮УõһȷеϢ֣սУΪߵһ
ʱȫ¶ЦҪ硣


1938 ̤
Ҳжǳ˳һͷųԼǿϢ硣ʵϣһƬʱѾûʲôˡ
ʱ䣬ǿ֣߳һЩ֮Уһ嫵硣ֻһִ磬棬ȴû顣
ЩǿߺˣȻ磬ȴδҵһ飬ǶһۣȫԷеľ
Ȼе㲻ͬѰеĲһ
ô£ǿ̲סʵ
뿪ˣȫһ֮ˡǿߴЦһ˷ܵɫȻ뿪Ǿϲ˼㡣
뿪ˣ֮УѾûǵĶ֣ɱ飬ȡĴԵƿ򡣡˴Ц
ֻƬˣҵĶ˭ҲߣǸʲôʲӾۣһѪԤˡһͷޣòͬһǳһǿϴɢľ
Ļܶû˵Ȼе㲻ޣǻףͷ̫ˣܹᣬȻĻ⣬ᱻͷ޸ɵ
죬ͷ޵֣֮УǿߣȻЩˣҲԶ
ֻƬҪˡһһã˸ʥĹâʱڣ˵Ļ
ôۣȻȻۣǾ쾳۷ĸɰ׹ǳɵʵǿ˼㡣
˲²⣬ôۣ֮ǿߣǸʱ䣬׹ǲ࣬ٴ֤
Ȼôδ֤ʵԣȴп
ǰһȺˣһһ˵ͷǶǿеǿߣһνǿҪǿ̫ˡ
ֻǣȻǿһȺУҲܹΪΪΪкܶˣԺǡ
λĿδ̫һɣǵõˣǻҪʲôһһڱϢŮӣòˣ˶Ǳһ
飬֮ͬе쾳۷ǿߣֻһˣǴûԸ顣Ϊ̫ˣֻҪǵˣ϶ϾɱһѪ
֣ɱһһţеǿߣȫɱһʣ춨
ԣڳˣ飬ǳɵԸǣҪʲôǾͲǹĵˡ쵭˵
ôҲǿһۣȻû˵ǿóǷǳмģΪֱ˦ͷȥһۡ
ãʲôҪһս𣿡ʵ
ĻΧЩɫŹ֣ô۾ۿ֮УֻĽɫ档
Ȼڿôۡ
ܶЦȴЦΪǷ֣ôŭˣɱȣֱָ飬Ҫһ
ʵȻǿ󣬵Ҫң²ôףҪһսĻҸұ֤ˡ鵭˵
Ļڳǿߣȫ̲סһô۶Ķ֣Ȼ԰ʱ
ôû˵Ϊ˵ʵȷʵĶ֣һսĻذܡ
뵽ôЩԼȻһŮѹˡ
ˣҶͬ飬ȲҪڧ磬˵顣һվ˳ò飬Ŀͣǳƽ׽ˡ
ǵ֮󣬾鶼̲סɫ
ϹôҲˡ龪
ôֱ˺˼˾룬ߣǳɵǿʲôµļһһ
ЩĿһۣôܹôҲһǰӦúҶ׽׽
Ц׽󣬻Ϊϵһ֡
Χʿ⣬ߣûô£ٲһԽӽ
ɣݣȥɣûвҪװ˵
һ˵߸о׽ʿȫһսޣȻ޵ֻ֣һ֮ȴԸӽӿֲޡ
Ϊ޺ôҪ˳Ļ϶Ὣô㻹пܻᱻȴһǰе£ȫˣһֱΪֹߣһ׷߶ûС
֮У˵ɳһǿߣֻû뵽ǣȻҲ磬ȷʵҪˡ
ֲļһڣ飬¶ᱻԵɡ


1939 
뵽ЩΪ飬о
ҲֻеͬѣǸ飬Ҫġ
ֱ̬ĶŲҵʲôݣҪٸ˵Ҷ㲻һۣ޿ڣɫ֮дһĨŭ
ȻųޣֻΪһͨÿţǺȫһǾһ̬ʲôⶼԡ
޻Σһ˴Цһޱȵ׳¡ļ⣬˿µС
ˣҪ˵ôϻˣȻѾ磬Ǿ͸жˡôɭɭ˵
ôһۣͻȻ¶һĨЦݣ˵ۣп֮Ҫúõ׽һ¡
ôٴεˣ˸
ɫ棬һﾹȻԹͷȤѵ޵һֻ
޲֪е뷨ȻĻԻữһҧЩһ
Ҫʲôڴʱһ𣬶ʱǿߵĿ˹ȥ
죬Щ˶̲סһȻ쾳۷壬һ¡
һȻû뿪
ܣѾõϢѾ뿪磬ǰս㲻ܻ֮еģǼٵġо˸ŵ˵
ֻǣȻˣҲҳ֣ǹͷŲΪȥƴƴء
ҲһսĿڣޣɫƽ
ֻĻȴɫѿ֣ɲɵȻԸ顣
ͷһսӦȥ޲ɵӣܴν棬Ǻ⣬ֱ˺һ仰˵
ͶĵɫһײޱȣҲֻԱĴڣǿߣԼҲͬˡ
ȻһսûС
ȴһ㶼ں˭Ӣۣ˭ǰһϵûС
һĻʹҲЩĿɿڴһЦȴûг֡
ֳеĬû֪ô죬һսʧ̫ˣȻɱ˭Ҳұ֤Լܻš
ǿߣ֮ǰܹᡣ
һսǲ򡣵˻ȥȴҲġ
ԥվҲǣҲǡ
ţ˫ţ˭ûгֵ뷨
ԣ㲻һ𣬶ʱ˵ע˹ȥеһǿߣʱڣݺݵĶЦ
ǵļٵģܰϵϢȫͬǼٵġ˵ͬʱаǸǿߣԷѵҪƭԼԼȥһʵ̫ˣԼҸᣬӦýɵ
뵽һԼ촽
Ǹǿߣ֪ΪʲôͻȻоһ䣬ʱһɻҿһۣ֪ô¡
֪޶ԼɱģҪɵء
ϵϢģȴǣҸղһ£񣬶һ񣬸߹ޱȣҾȻ㲻ǸǿЩŭ˵
Ļǿߣʼ㡣
ãվɭȻĶš˵㵽˭
ҾһսһЦȻһ㶼ţֻ
ޣǰˣ벻ʲôǴʱȴԥˡ
ԷӣĻܹ˭аԼһ쾳۷壬飬ǰˣȴ
뵽ȴˡ
ǴʱǸǿߣȴ˳Ц˵֪˭ˣǸʦܣ񣬺һ
̾Ϣһ˵û뵽ұ仯ôãȻǱ㷢ˣǿϧء
Ǹ仯˹ŷӡ
ֶۣ˵ǵϢûдʦѾ뿪ˣҪǵǣȻʦ뿪ˣ磬ҲҪ۸ܹ۸ġ
ҵҪʶһ¡Цһ˳Ҫŷ֡
֪Է֮Ҳûһɵ
һڴʱǳֱ֣ӽ˻
ײˣŭżˣҪʲô
ղ޼ʱ֣Ѿ˻ˣڼ˵Ϊ޷ǳŭ
ŷ磬һ˿Զ̡鵭˵
ȻɵޣǲʾĻ¶ԷҪǴսδĶ֡
Ȼֻ֪ҪɱЩҲϡ˵
һ׳յȻš


1940 ڧ
ֻƬ챦˵һСջȻǣ޷סջ
ޣȻ˵˭Ҳ֪ôġ϶ͱ˲һ޳ܣ˵㻰Ƿǳ飬һ㶼⡣
Լ׽ˣɣοǺǣ˵㻰ǱȻġ
ǲϷ򣿡еŭȻ֪Լȷʵһö˵㻰񣬵ĵһ죬в
һɱ⣬ƽ׽˵ĸоѾʧʣµȫɭȻĸо
ͬףǸ˵ĸоȴȫһ
񵹳һ޵ĿɣֲЩ쾳۷ǿߣ޶ôɵһͷȫûκԵޡ
ʲôʱŹ޵˵
Ҳɫ䣬ޡ
ޣҪΪܹˣǿȣ㻹ĺԶŷǴҵģҪ̣Ͳܡô۵˵
ҲܴӦ֮Уǿ߳쳣ǿơ
ǵ࣬ȴҪǿƣΪ֮Уûʲôɱ𣬿˵һġ֮УȻŹͬĿģǺȻǲԸͱ˷ҪռǲһطȻи뷨
κǸ棬ɫӣŹŷ磬ȴЩɬ֪ԼȻҲǹŷĶˣǰŵӴܵСʵѾԽǡ
ҪõŷϵĶӲˡ
ɶ񰡡κŭ˵һ䡣
ʱκͨоԼǱʲôϴڶסһ
˵ҿɶ𣿡˵κ䡣
ԥκתߣ֪ڸԼ̨£ԹԼ鷳ŭҲ̫ɶˣҪ̨ףȴԼ鷳
𣿡޵˵һĳȥе˶Ȼȫܿˡ
ֻһκ䣬ȴ޷ܣ޵Ѳˡ
ǬԭҪ֣κκȴˣǲҪ嶯Լа취롣
䡣
κʣһŽ滯һ쵶ݺ䡣
һ죬κ䵹ɳȥըѪĽԵ÷ǳҡκȴ¶һĨЦݣһޣ˵֮պȻҪ
˵仰κ仯һѪ⣬ʧǰ
޳أȴδκסһǬԭˣղоκĴ֪κͬ顣
Ǭԭɫһף֪á
ʱ鿪ˣ˵Ҳôһ㱾£üСйģһս
е㿴ˣ޾ûкøУʱް裬ˡ
飬ҪΪСͷЦ
鿴ԭǬһۣ˵ֻǿ۸Сѣͣô쾳۷һˣһսǣ͡
ĻЩҪǣˣ޸ɵǣҲҪء
ǵʵࡣңǶǺܹùޣ޳ֵĻȻΪʸ֮ģܱܿΧֽԲܹܵġ
һҲõŵ£һЦȻͲ˵ˣվʲô鶼ûзһ
޵񣬳˼ɵϼһΪ£ʲô̵ܹ¡
ǺȻ޲ܷµģҲ˵Ժıܻӿ¡
û˵ֻ鶢ޣĲм
ŷվµĶǰһУϣ˫ԴޱɱҲһǿĶ֡
ֻǺܿϧ˫ûսȫ˵ˡ΢΢̾Ϣ̫ϧˡ
λ˵ˡŷ翪ڣǵע˹
˵ˣԽɱʱˡ鵭˵Źŷ磬ɱȻ
ôɫҲͬ˵һ֣ɱʱϵĶƾԵᡣ
á
е쾳۷壬ȫͬ۵㡣
ɱ˹ŷ磬ʣµı֮ᣬƾʵЩ
ûʵŷ絭˵һ쾳ʵϢޱȣȻԼ֮䣬Ҫѹһ
˶¶ɫŷ֮У𾪡


1941 ųצ
쾳ŷ羹ȻѾ쾳ˣŶ೤ʱ䣬Ǽֱš
Ҫ֪֮ǰʱ򣬲ŲһʥǿߣδΪʥ𣬶̶̰࣬Ϊ쾳֡
ǲ֪ǣ˹ŷѪֱգδ쾳ľ裬ԾԵʵǿн硣
ǹŷٶ˿ԭ֮һҲֻһܹκʿɡ
Ҫǿǣǿ־ܹȻˣŷǾһͦˣ쾳
ʵŷ޾һж֡
Ȼ쾳۷Ĵڣͬһս
ôܣԭǾ
Թŷʵ˽ģ֪ʲôΡ
ûʲôܵģԭ׷ɱңڻҪ׷ɱ𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
ԭǲ˵ЦڵʵԶԶŷ磬ǻ׷ɱŷĻֱ
˵ˣǲˣǺ͸ղߵǸκ䣬ڵĴ֣ȴӣñ𣿡ŷЦ˵
ŷĻԭɫ䡣
ޣһ⣬ڵǿߣǼסˡˣԭɫס
޶ˣպӣ²ܺù
а޹ŷ磬ŷǹģǵ֣Ҫ޼סԺȥǵ鷳
ڵ鷳ˣǵһޣ֣¶סڡ
鿴˹ŷһۣ˵ȣĺԶԶ䣬Ļֶ˾öġ
Щˣʦһһ磬ָǸˣ˾ҪŻŷ絭˵еƵĻɫѿ
֣ɱ˴ӣҲϻˡ鵭˵
û뵽㾹ȻһȺ˵ͷߣ⣬ǶҪ𣿡ŷɫ֮У¶һĨɨһô۵ˣԭǶ£ȻȺǹС
䣬ڹŷϣΪֻҲûж֣ŷĻ˵ǻֵĻֱڳ˹ŷĻ˵£ЩȻһͷ
һС֪ʵĿڲôλѣҪĻթҪǶ֣Ҳ֮Уʲô׼أҲҪԥˣȸɵ˵֮ǿ˵
ҲˣδɱȺˣû뵽ǻ֪ڸġŷǿߣ֮ɱȻ
ʲôƨ磬ֻһ͵ѣѾѳȥЩѪͳ߹壬ôܹȵġǿЦ
̬߰˵ӣȻ磬һ鶼ûУֻ޾Ĳм
統ŷ翪ڡ
ҪɱҲעˣŷȥɡǿߣŷ˹ȥҪɱŷ硣
ͬʱеǿҲˣһʮ쾳۷ǿߣһ֣ʵ˵˼㡣
ŷ磬̲סɫתߣĵطȫݻ٣綼޷ڣޡ
̫ˣľ
ɱ
ŷڱλãֱӳֻ֣غɱȥͣſµֻ֮ɱǡ
ơ
֣ߵôֻ֣ء
ŷ絹ˣȻսﵽ磬ǱϾΪվ쾳۷壬쾳۷ǿߵĹŷ绹ǳޱȡ
֮Уֻһ˰ˣȻ뵲סЩˣֱһЦЩǿЦɫм
ŷʵǾȣ֣ŷǶ֣ʵսƽһˡ
ߣΪֻһˣŷЦ
ԡǿͻȻɫ
ôˣЩʵ
ǿԴðЩŵ˵ŷҪųצ
ŷĻ˵жһצǾԲһǣƣһֱңЩ˸磬ƣҲôǱ
צҪǳֵĻǿߣûκȡʤĿܡһսܾˡ
䡣
ŷ⣬ֻƬ죬ûС
ֹ޴
Щǿߣһ֣ŷ硣
ǹŷͲӲƴֻƬųȥ֮󣬹ŷ˹ȥϴսսףһߡ
ǣֻƬǿ߾ֱӳ˹ȥҪֻƬ
ҵƳӡһһֱֻӽǸǿķɳȥ


1942 㣬
Ǹǿɫ࣬Ҳ쾳۷ʿ˵УȴһֿûУֱӱķ˳ȥһֳ衣
һҪٴγȥ
һɱ£ֱնǿߡ
ۡ
ǿߣ屻ն飬ԪϽ˳ûܴһ˫۾ݺݵĶǸɱʮ㡣
ϡһгһӰ
ŷɫӣ˲Ǳˣ
ʱվھ죬ѾȫȬΪŷ֣ƻָ
ЩӡצҲҪŷų
צһԼԷǧ֮ڣ֣ҲΪѹŷ硣ŷ罫Ƿųǵֿ֡
ЩצòӦΪкıˣ˵Եġ
Ǳӡͬǿ֣߳ɱǣûܹס
ԣǲòͬ⡣
ңצһҶĬϵĹأ磬ŻΣգǻͣжԵ״̬һ¶⡣
ЩǿߣȫսսЩˣֻצֿܹ
ֻƬתһǿ֣߳£˶ɱȻ
Ԫ飬ŷ翴һˣӶԷϵϢ֪ԷݡһֻƬӡ֮󣬻ܹɱǿߡ
һ̣һϤϢ֣Ǹӡĵǿߣʵƾˡ
Ǹʱǻ߾죬ҿӦ죬ȻĻ϶ᱻɱ
һǿ֣߳һǿߣĿȻжڹŷϵģҲжǿϵġ
ֻǲΣǵĿⶼǳɱ⣬ޱȡ
˫ֻ֣Ƭһֱۣӳ֣ҪֻƬժС
ŷЦһһֻƬûڣͬʱħ֮УҲһ⣬ֻͬƬŷ֮С
ֻƬһЩǿߵ۾ˣĶһѣǴʱŷȴӵܹۺ졣
Ԫһĸߴߣ׷룬һ˫۾ͭ꣬Źŷ磬һǿѹ
ŷӣ˿ã˵ҵĶΪʲôҪ㡣
ΪǴԪ顣Ԫ鿪ڣƽûʲôȴһְޱߵĸо
ΪǴԪ飬ŷ絭һЦû˵֮еֲ⣬ȴԪ鼤ŭˡ
ŷ磬ҪΪҵȴӦ㲻֣ܹΪΪˣǼңɱҲһֻƬҲΪѡԪ˵
û˵ʵʹԪ£޷洴Ԫ顣
Ρŷ³֡
ԪĶŹŷ硣
ŷ絭һЦ˵ԣܲɱҡŷƽȻûнԷС
ɱ
Ԫ鿪ڣһֻ£ɱŷ硣
ŷЦֱӻȫʥӡɱȥ
ըŷ絹˺ܶಿɫѪڣȴδˣһ˫ӶڴԪϣŷЦԶŵСˣľԼܹɱЦ
ŷĻôԪŭû뵽ԼȫһȻδ˺ŷ硣
ˡԪ˵
ɱһԡһ֣߲սף߲쵶ָŴԪ飬¶һĨɱ⡣
Ųţƴһսܹƴצ˵쾳ʱɢѹ˿ڴʱĹŷ硣
ʮתʵСˣȻûлָ۷壬Ѿܿˡ
㣬ġԪɫ䡣
һ˵֣һʱмĵǿǾԲɵġ
ĿʥԺ߳˶ǿߣ˭Ҳ˵ս֮ϣһֱߵܶǿ߶սˣһʥԺ㹻£Կצ
ҡذħ˵ǰ
ħߣСȻûɫ΢΢һ䡣
ͬǾ޵ˣȻģҲ㹻¡
ϲĶθҪһսĻǲ塣ذħ˵վڹŷһߣ˶צսⰺȻ
ɫѿǵʵƴŷˣĻǵҲ٣ߣǳ
㣬Ƴӡ֮󣬱㷭ɱŷ磬ԴԪ鷳ʱ򣬲ûֹڿҪˡ
Ҫһս𣿡ʵвԸսȴûбֳ


1943 ȻǶ
һսֺη˱ЩһˡһۣЦ˵
ǿߵϣܹһǾܹ׵Ľ硣
վʧˣȻЩŭδ֣еǰڧĻˡ
ߡ
һվﲻ˵ˡ
ԪҪ˵ʲôȴֹˡ
ҿǻһ¶ɡŷ絭˵
˵ĻǺȵģΪղŴԪ͹ŷһƣȻˣȴδŷˡ
˵ŷʵѾϵ쾳۷սȻ϶ǱȲϴԪĴ֣ȴҲܹӡ
ǿߣʿ֮ΪĴڣοŷıΪֻǸոս쾳ӵʵֱ֣ʵ̫ˡ
û˸ӹŷ磬ͷ㹻ˡ
áڣͬŷĻ
ǽĿ⣬ͶϡĿڣ˵ҺߣԼ
㲻Ҫ̫ˣҶͬһǿߣŻ˭ء˭Ҳû뵽һ˵˲ǱˣȻޣЦɫмڿһɵһ
ޣþòĵԽԽˡһۣ˵
ǺþòˣΪѾˣû뵽ţ⵹ǸһᣬɱĻᡣ˵
Ļ˾ȣѵޣ֮䣬йʲôìܲɣȻĻô˵Ļ
Ҫ֪Բ޵ķ
ǰͲҵĶ֣ڸҵĶˡɫƽޣ˵ѵˣ׷ǱӣԽ˲֪ٸ棬ӵյ㣬Ȼ˵Ҫɱң벻
Ļֲһ˳嶯أԭĳˡ
׷ɱ˲֪ٸ棬ǻǣѾˣﻹһӳ졣
Ҫ֪ĳֵˣһǿеǿߣʵ
ҽȣһսܻǵһǱʵȴҵ飬죬ұս˭ǿ˭޵ĻϵϢˣһߵӣǴʱȴһĴ󺺣ƾˣս⡣
޽Լʵ۷徳磬Ȼ
ʵȵǿ˺ܶࡣԵЩ⣬ͷ޵
ЦһȻ˵׾ͺãΪ˻㣬˺ܴĹ򣬽һսҪһѩǰܡ
ɫȻɱ졣
㲢ҵĶ֡ڣ󣬵ȴһĲš
Ȼ޴ʱֳĺǿ󣬵ȴ˵޲ԼĶ֡
ţ˭ᡣЦĻ¡
ڴţΪʵѾǿһߣȻδܹѹ
СңҲ߹Լɫƽһ̣ȴˡ
һֻ£⻯棬˸һſǳȫɵģʱ£ѹޡ
һֿµľ֮Уκʺʹڣɵģʱ£һֿµܣб
޺ȻХһڹ˸һͷľ޳
䡣
£ײһ
;ޣȫը׵˷ɢݣһЩΪʿ׵Уֱըˡ
Ȼ쾳۷ǿߣʱҲԸΪʵ̫ˣƾˡ
޵ˣɫ粻
ղһײףԼĶ֣Դ򲻹ее㲻һ޾ãʵѾԺˣȴû뵽ȻԷ
ڽҲڽ㲻ľãұǿڵҾͲ˰ɡʵ
Ļһ⣬û˵ǿԿó޴ʱջ
㲻ңȻˣôҲûô뿪磬ǲ˵֮гǿơ
ǲҲûҪ뿪Ͼոս磬Ҫ뿪ǲܵġԵͰԼǰһǧѷĺûᣬһĸֶڣֻһǿߣҪһսδػǿߡ
뿪ûô򵥡Ц֪ԼĶ֣Ҳٳֻ֣뿪ǲܵġ


1944 Э
˫ʵ൱ѣһս棬ֺηһʧûСôЦɫ֮дһĨм
ѹǿߣѵþܹѹ𣿡һ𣬴ǿ֮У߳һģĴڡ
һɫĳһѳһ˫ӶϣȻɫ

ңΪѾɱˣȴһֱŵˡﵭ˵
һ׵ͣнˣǹŷȴܹϣܵһɿµѹơ
һˣʵǿ󣬲ˡ
ʹΣҺʹԪˣɱ㡣˵ʮ㡣
ŷվһߣȴûеô򵥣Ȼҳ֣Ϳ϶㹻ĵ
ȻĻĶǿߣ˵Ѿɾˣܳ
ȻڹŷͷոʱһĮ𣺡ټһأ
ʹԪ飬ɫͬʱˡ
սۡ
֮Уսʵˣ򡣵֮УҲͬһǿߣսʲ¡
սۣ֮Уеս壬ʵǿ֮еսʣңӳ켶ǿߡ
һԺսĴڣʱ֣ʹԪ飬Ҳûһˡ
Ϊˣ̫ǿˡ
ǿһ֣ʧȥ˾ԵơڲǿʵϣЩˣսսУҲЩˣ˳ȥһֱڣδҵ·
ʱڣʵȫʢʱȣʵǲ̫Զˡ
û뵽Ȼܹǵңڻܹȥ𣿡սһߣȴһͷ𷢣Ŀ࣬һɫսףĿ⾼ɫ֮ЩŪ
ɫѿаսǶ𣬵ڣҲܵĺܴʧǲԸġ
ĻȻˣ޷磬ûһôԣԥ
ЩͷۣΪҪǵ̫ˡ
ôˣһսЦһ֮г˳
Ȼ޲ŹһпԼ˵Ļᡣ
Ҹɱ㡣ɫĮޣɱ졣
ޱһ뵽˵飬Ͻˣһ˫Ӿɲϣĳ֡
޵ӣս֮ͬʱһĨм¡սۺǳ⣬ںǳԼū͡
׹˸վûиҺս۶죬Ͼ֪սǶôµĴڣȫԼܹġ
ԣȥֻɫȴÿҪ˵ĳ嶯
Ϻ׾ҪϺ׵ľ򣬲ҪЩǰװԼͣȻĻֻȡ衣Ԫɨһۣ˵
ŭȴûа취ЩΪĴڣʵȷʵ֮ϣ޷粵飬ȻҪͬԪ˵һȡˡ
Ԫ飬컰ˣ۲ߣһ붼룬ǿԱֻ֤ѰһԵٺĦǾΣսۿ˵֤
֮УûҪĻԵ˵
Щŭ֮ͬеЩǿߣפĻ˵һ衣ʱȻȫ˳ȥҲᱻ˿ġ
ԣӦ
ֻһսˡսĮȻ˵
ͬ⣬һսս۵˼ԡ
Ļ䣬ϢʵԲսǡ
ʲôһս۾Ȼа֡ս۲ǿߣǿ˵Ѿ·硣
һȻƴڣҲܻˡ
һۣԪˣԷеΡ
ʲô뷨սɫ΢΢Щ
һսۺ˵ҴӦ磬ǲܹ֣ڣЩ飬ɱ
û⡣սֱͬ⡣
ʲô˼Ŀʵ
Щ̬ļһһҪٵ磬ҪǲЩ֣Щѡ
ϣﾹȻ˵ͷЦе˵ʵЩ꣬ҲĲˣɱ˶ôģǱ߸ˣҲûʲôˣİɣҲ˺ҵߵġ
ߣŷǶüͷһ壬ﵽʲô㡣
ȻˣϣԼҪΪռϷ磬ǵȫع飬ǾԲǶ֣Ҫº֡˵


1945 ֮Լ
Ȼ֮еڵʵлǺġսЦе˵ʱĮɫʧȻһпĸо
ˣȻԼʦŷ̲סƲ죬ԼʦϹսʣεǣսȫ޷֮ȣǷɻǱġ
ߡ
һȻ˹ŷһۣһ֣һȺ뿪
뿪ŷǣҲ׼뿪ϾǰôǿߣǱϵĻǲ
ȻԸϣǹŷȴòϣûһߣǣסЩǿߡ
һ¡սͻȻסŷ硣
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ɫ裬սۣⲻһöкסԼҲδʲô顣
սʵĵӣս۵ʵ
Źŷ񣬲ǺأЩ
к£ŷʵ
һӣҪһսֳһʤҲҺսʶԾˣ֪Ρսۿ˲Զһۣʵ
ŷҲ˹ȥɫһ¶һĨЦҴʦڴ˵ʱΪβԼĵս
ս۵ǸӣǸղϢеһʵǿֱ׷ԼʦԹŷڵʵĶ֡
Ȼս۵ʵǿ󣬽ĵӣҲǳǹŷȴе㿴սۣԼʦڵʱûս۳֣˵ҪԼĴʦһսȴսԼӲΪһǿߣһزҲһˡ
Թŷ磬ԵЩսۡ
һʦ𣬵ӼʹǿܹߵʲôزŷֻΪڶԷͬһսٸһʱȹԼΪŷ޾֡
ŷʣս¶һĨɫŹŷ磬˵ң
ŷֱӻشһԥûС
Ǻǣں˵СǵһսЦӴɱ⣬ŷ磬Ҫһ
ŷһ󣬻ս۵ϢĿȻ˾޴ѹ˿塣
ģǵһǾԲһһƨŷֱԼ֣ս۱һָ
սۿŭ֮к˸һָŷ˹ȥ
ڹŷҪ֣סһʱһӰ۳Ȼ֣ݺݵһȭ
ս۵ָǸӰȭͷײһ
䡣
ﱬһжڣȻ쾳۷壬ɳȥֵʵ̫ǿˣԽǡ
ͬ쾳۷壬֮䣬Ҳеߵ˼£ʵҲ˼¡
ҲеֻǸոս쾳۷壬ʵԶһ쾳ǿߣǿ֮Уȴֻܹһ㡣
ȻսۺǸӰվ۷Ĵڡֻһײ㽫Щ쾳۷ǿɳȥˡ
սʡսȣɱ硣
еǿߣȫȻѵսʻعǿҪд鷳ˡ
ǿս۵ǿߣ˲²⣬սҪսǿƶˣȻս۶벻սʵĶ֡
˵ģ˵ĵӣкܴĲࡣս۵ĵӣǸʵӽս۵ǿߣԲ¡
йŷ磬Ȼδ׳ɳǿƣɼһߣս쾳ս쾳۷壬ֱе㺧ˡ
սۣϷڣҪ۸ҵĵӣսʴȣ׷趯ȻֻӰƣȴ൱£Ȼս۶һַĸо
սȻҲܾԷŵЦսʣ̫ˣֻҪԼĵӣĵһսдһ¶ѣ㲻Ҫ̫ࡣ
ҪԣҽͻȥǺúһսСһǧ꣬ոս쾳Ǹͽܣ֪Ѿ˶£顣սЦ˵˵Ҫͻʱ򣬾ս۵ɫ΢΢ˡ
Ǹһʵ죬ԲսʣҪǣսʶҪǿƣһĻعˣ֡
ʱǿȻ֣࣬ǶͲǶ֣뵽ս۸Ͻ˵ˣǲ˻𣿡
ս۵ĻսӰЦ˵ˣôУСͽܰʱ䣬֮ͽһսòҪ֣ȻĻӾƴսսܣҲҪɱһ
սʣʵ̫ԵˣԸ񣬼ֱһСŷҲһ۴ĸ˵ԸֻݣǾǰԵ
ϱҪɱСӣ˵˹ŷΪˡйսǹŷȣ񽫹ŷ統ѣǳɱɡս¶һĨЦݡ


1946 ǿͶӰ
սɫ࣬սв൱ˬǶڹŷҲǼΪ𾪡սʣϱͻ񣬶ǿߡȻ̫Ըϣȴòϣ⼸˵磬֮ϡ죬ǿߣΪսۣȴ졣
ְԵǣս޷֮ȡڹսǺ˽⣬ֻ֪һǿߣ쳣ǿƣǿʲôزս˵ȴûһʲôǴʱսʵĻףǸսҲǿߣȻĻܱսв
ôǿߣвսһˣսȻвȴ˵ʲô
ߡ
һδ
Ҫʦھɱŷ磬ҿܹʲôΪսͽ߳һ쳣ˣڷ磬һ˫Ȼڹŷϣɱ⡣
ʹڣҲ㡣ŷЦͷųԼϢս۵ӣս졣
۶Էжǿŷ粻
ϣҲǰұɱ㣬֪ʲôߵغ񡣡ս۵Ц
𡣡
𡣡
𡣡
䣬ŷֱӱһֶϻꡣ
ۡ
ս۵Դֱӱɳȥһȫˡ
ͷ壬һŭս۵Ӹգ³һԴһ˫ӣĶŹŷ磬ɱ졣
˭Ҳû뵽ŷͻȻ֣شս۵ĵӡ
һֶϻ̫꣬ͻȻˣȻǿߣԴʱĹŷ磬Ҳδܹסοս۵ӣֻոսսѡ
Ŀ֮𣬸ղͨѾ˵ԪŭΪûһԼϵ˻ˣһֳ衣
Уŷϣȣʵǲ̫ԶˣûнŷУȴô뵽һϣȻ
Ҫɱ㡣ս۵ӳɱŷ硣
ڴʱսӰ֣һֻ£ֱӽս۵ȷ˳ȥ
ҵĻѵû𣿰һսϣǼˣҪ֣۸ŷΪ㣬Ҳͬ⡣ս˵
սɫÿ棬ĵӳ֣ûнС
սʣ̫ˣҾɱܹôĳսˣҪ֣ɱŷ硣
ɱһԡһͶӰ֣ϱĿȻУɱ絶
ô֣ܳս۾
սʳ֣ǻýͣΪսսͶӰǷǳ顣ϱĳ֣е㲻ˡ
ҵҵѪͶӰʲôԾġϱ˵
˭ҪɱҶӣ𣿡һԵ𣬹ξȻҲͶӰŭĿԲɣӴɱϯأϢµ˼㡣
һĻŷ̲סĿɿڴԼĸףǱ̬ΪԼôԵĻʵʵѾԼĸˣһŷԼе뵱Ȼˡ
εһʵȻսʵˡ
ŷ֪ս֮Σգսּǿ˵һĥ쳣¡
֮УٲɱǹҲͬˣÿʱỵ̈սڽҲڽү츳˭˭սĻ̫ڶӣһĲʲôϡ顣
Ǻˣʲôʱֳһǿˡս¶𾪵ɫ
Ҫ֪Ĵڣһʱδܹһˣһһ𣬶쳣˵ġ
εĳ֣סˡ
ҵĸסŷ絭˵
սۻһо˸ŷ֮Уǳɱ⣬һ̫ˣףν磬ŷ磬ҲһʶһΡ
쾳۷壬սȴǸ޵еġ
սۣȰ㣬ԼǷ˼ɱţҲܲܰ쵽Ҹ㣬ôʱ䣬ҪĻĻս˵һ㶼
սۣҪһսȵҴսҺһսݡ˵һ˫Ӷս۵ϣȻܵһ㺮⡣
Σ򵥡
ս뵽ͬʱ磬Ӽɵ棬ۺʵԲеĵһȴеˣֺ޼ɸ޵еǿߣͣس֣֮
һСҪҿԳȫ㣬㲻һдսʸ񡣡սЦʱȻ
ʦɱŷ硣ս۵ӿڣʦǺܸҡ


1947 վһս
ס죬޵СսۿԼĵһۣǳһ䡣
޵У֣˵ǣĳ鴤һ¡
һҪ޵ˣԲԼĵӣ֣ǺȻֽ޵Уܹ޵еġ
޵һվû˵
ȻԼʦĻ˵Ǻġ
սʣҴӦҪһǰᡣս۶սʣ˵
˵սʵһЦ
Ѿµս۵ķӦһ㶼⣬һȻı飬սۿڡ
֮ڣҿԲĵӳ֣ңǾͲҪˣУ֮ҵһսʤܣǲܲκһҲԲ֣ǾΣս۵˵
û⡣
ս۵Ļ˶ͷʾͬ⡣
Ѿ˵ˣҲûʲô˵ģϣĽ
ʱ䣬ڹŷ˵Ѿ㹻˰ɡ
ãߡսۿڣԼĵ뿪ʧããС
ͽܣúñءսʿڣ˵仰ȻӰʧ
ο˹ŷһۣ˵ʱǹյġܰԼӻ䡣
ǹΣԼţԼĶӣҲ൱ġ
׷ģˡŷͷ˵
һЦӰɢ
ϱû˵ʲôֻǸŷһȻֱ뿪ЩˣĿ죬ȥҲ죬ܿʧ
ȻͶӰǼֵʱ䣬ܹܳ˶೤ʱ䡣
ŷҪ뿪ȴ֣ԼһЩ˶סˡ
һȺˣʮ쾳۷ǿߣΧסŷˣɱȻ
ҪΧɱǣŷ۾һС
սȻӦ֣ǲʾǲ֡ЦŹŷ磬¶̰ɫ
ޣ˵
޿һۣЦݺ򿰳޵еĺģû뵽Ȼ䵽һزˣľ磬ոս쾳Ȼս죬ҲҵȵĶ֡
ţС
ʵһƺǾǾ𡣡˵˵֮֮еЩǿߣȫ̲סһ
֮£Զĳƺûо־ˡ
ΪʱԶܶеʿ֡
֪һɨǿߣձеļλǿߣ˳ȥ
úʿ̲סء
Ȼ㡣ɫ䡣
Щ쾳۷ǿߣҲһɫ䣬֮УһĨ衣ǰǾ𰡣ʹΪ۷徳磬ͬ£˭Ҳ֪ʲôѹӵľʲôƴ
û뵽㶦ޣȻ֪ССľһӰЦ˵
޲˵кףԼ;ȣȷʵŲСĲ࣬Ӧ˵Ƕ֡
Ȼǰˣǵľʵûôǿ󣬵һƽԸǡ
е̵Ļʲôû˵վһߡ
ȻͷסһЩˡ
˵Ǽһǿƣе㽲ֻһЩرֵˣǾȴһֻҪǾ͵ɣֿɲһ顣
ԣܳĬȻû˵ˡ
ֱ֮˵ʲô쾳СնҾͲûлع۷壬һܹסЩˡ
ΣûǰĸսȻܹʲôҪͷѹǣǲܵġôۿڡ
еǿߣʱȴû˵ǶһۣȻȻĬ뿪ˡ
ǸҲһֱ뿪һԥûС
һȺˣͻȻı뷨תߣȻһ㶼ûҹŷ鷳뷨
Ȼ룬ǾһսɣҲʶһ¡еǿǣûʲô˵ȻҪ֣սԷ
ذħò֣Ѿȴˣյǿһս֪ϻһǿߡذħ˵
ŷû˵ֱߵ˵ǰ棬ֱЩǿߡ
սһû˺ˡȻɵЩҲǳףھ۷壬ǳֵûᣬһ£Ժδˡ
ɱ
޵һ֣Ӵѹֱӳˡ
ȡ
ŷһ𣬾ȭ
Сǳһ޴ȣ֪˶٣ǹŷȴһȭ޺ˡ
һĻ쳣ˣŷ粻쾳ڣȻս̫ˡ


1948 һӲ
ôܣȫɫһĻˡ
޵ʵ֮УԲǿģҲԲģǵסŷһȭֱӺˡ
ܡŭҲǲš
ûʲôŵģһȺϲģĽǵϵˣǿЦȻҪսǾսɣҵҪɱǣѹȫЦе߲쵶𶯣ɱ
ɱ
񣬲ǶӲ֮ͬʱΧɱ
ʮ쾳۷ǿߣΧŷһˣǷǳ˵ģǿӿͨŷû
ֻء
ŷʩչֻأȫɱȥֻ֮ҪЩȫֻصС
Щ쾳۷ǿЦֵʵױܹŷͨ
ҪֵʱһصľһЩˣȫסˣʱһ
ȻֻǶ̶̵һ˲䣬ȴɫ䣬֪á
ȻڴʱذħˣʩչµĹɱеļǿߡ
һ˲䣬쾳۷ǿ߱ˣԪήң¶ֵ̿ɫԶӴܡ
ˣѾȫӦǵˣȻͨŷˡ
ߡ
ߣʮ˵ʵƣʮִʱɢµϣȻȫȥЩͨײ
ذħħֱӴһħȥȻӲЩͨ
ͨ񡣡
ŷȣȥӡʥӡδ޵Уֱһȭɱ⾳ȫڹȥ
䡣
˵ͨԷĹײȫɳȥԡѪǶԷҲùͬˣȻܵ˲˺
һײסǡֵʵȻסʮλǿߡ
ŷкһü֮罣ɳƿأֱɱȥŹŷ쾳罣ڴɡµ˼㣬ãã棬ȫ貵ĻʵһЩ綼飬ס
ǣҲɫ䣬ֱת˳ȥ
ۡ
ǧʿɱʣµˣȫǱӴܳȥŷ֮У˾֡
ղŹŷһȥˣɱǧͬ飬в쾳ǿߡ
ܶ˺ǵͬ˺ѣھɱˣŷ֮У˺⡣
ǣȴûһ˸ҳ֣Ϊŷǿ쾳۷弤սƣô۵ˣȻӭ
ǰ˱ɱбĽ
ˬһɱǧˣϴһķ緶Цһӣڹŷϣ·𿴵˵ɨԼ
ȻʱŷʵȷʵҪһ㣬ûйϵţһ죬ŷܹﵽԽԼĸ߶ȵġ
ŷֱһ˹ȥû˵ôϴ˵ء
ЦһţȻָô˵ҸղǿЦģϴҪ⣬ղҿһһмӣǶء
˶ǳ鴤һ£ôۣȻ˵һͷӣ¶мӣһô˵ġ
ôץһ˫ɵ۾ɱ⣬ϱȻŭˡ
ûƤûô飬㵱ɵ𣿡ŷ粻м˵
⵹Ǹô۽ԩϴˣֻûƤû֣Ŷĸô۵ɱŨ
ңôۻƿռ䣬˲䣬ߣָ絶Ҫնɱ
Цôײڼײ
ͬʱҲΧסˣйɱ
һսܼңˣʼԼǿֶˣʱѪɽԵüΪҡ
ŷ磬˺üΣޱȣָɱȥЩ쾳۷ǿ߼ս
ҲǻѪô۲˺üΣɫĹͷɢô۵Ԫ񣬶һ㱻顣ֻܵ˺Ҳͬأβһ㱻ɱǱ
ذħʩչʵϣ֮Уʵģذħ仯ˣЩǿӲȻܵѹܴ󣬵Ǹȴġ
֮УҲǿ߲ʱĸмˣʵҲǸսȴüͷ޷սС
ŭֻĿŹŷƴɱ
һӲ̣ܣΪһŷǰˣ֮е飬ӾԲùЩȻǣȴǸʱ飬
ڣȻ֣ܳǣҪģֻ񣬲Ҫеˣֻһ֣ǿԽܡ


1949 ʵ
һսŷǱҪԼ硣ⲻһ׵飬Ҳʧܣ۾ǹŷǵ
䡣
ŷһȭɣ˫ֽʥӡһ쾳۷ǿײһΡѪȴһ㶼ҵ飬һɱ˹ȥ
ôϽɣͷһѽɫĳŷնȥ
ŷȣʩչԼϡ
һ˲䣬ŷսսףӲסһǹǵŷе罣ɨֱӽô飬һնԪ
ôԪ¶ȻɫԼĹͷٵ뿪Զա
ȡ
ŷתס޵һȴ˳ȥΪһ쾳۷ǿߣ˹ŷ磬˳ȥ
սսϣŷ϶ᱻ򱬣顣
ŷתͨŽȫʥӡǿȥǸ쾳۷򱬡
һս̫ˣͬˣͣĻ˱ˣͬʱ˻ˡ
һȺ˱ʮ㣬Ǵʱȴжڲŷˣǲսһһδα飬һδǣѪ
ȥǼʹɱ˹ŷ磬ҲҪɵһ룬Ҫࡣ
ˣսʵ̫ǿˣʹռƣʱҲڲ
ɱ
ŷŭأһӴķֱ࣬죬Ȼ֣ޡ
޲ҽУԪòӳȥ¶־񣬸ղһһ㱻ɱˡ
ŷҲһ˶ûУͬˣ嶼Ρ
壬ʱȴŷ磬ͬʱʵһ㶼δ½
һ壬Ϊﵽ˹ŷ磬ѾϤͨıʣʱʩչģһ塣
ŷ磬ңս޵У˭ҪˣȫɳȥǶϽۡ
Ǿ˵һĻսʱһı䣬ŷݺ޼ɣȻŤתսֵͷ
ǻ䣬ʲôͨȻܹʵ൱ԼȻҲܹоΪֳ˵ԭ򣬹ŷľ񣬱۷ʵ΢һ㣬ȴͬѹǡ
սǹŷǣûһƴ֮ˣʱǿݺᣬȻһ൱
ȻҲ൱ˣŷķ˼ΣҪֲס
ͨΪذħǱɱı˺öΣɫ԰ףѾ˵˴Դ
ʮֿµĵգͣĳѹһһǿߣȻˣҲһ鶼ûУͬöβһ㱻ɱ
Χ磬ȫ򱬣ʲôʣˡҺѾû飬ȻĻĿ˵Ϳ̿
ǿߣҲڹעߵսŷԡѪսʱҧгݣ۾ˡ
һЩԹŷеˣʱҲҪߵ쳤ХҲӹŷ磬ǴʱŷΪ֮ԡѪƴɱ嶼˲֪ٴΡЩ˶̲ס
͹ŷȣǵؽǣֱҶ㡣
ЩˣͬΪ콾һǲκˣǴʱȴԹŷݷ
ʵУֻסһĻŷòƴɱǿߵʵһ㡣
ǴʱҪסģǾһ֮Уе顣
ŷ磬ǺαˣҵȿԴӦǾݻ֡ô۵һڣԸսȥˡ
ǰˣֱǴһٴΣǶܹ˲ָֿµս⣬ǵʵҪǿ֧ǽս
ʵϣʮ쾳ǿߣȫѾòˡǵһǿĵˣս־ʵ̫ˡ
Ϊһ壬ΪۣȻҪػҵ񡣡ŷԡѪ罣˺üΡ۳ô۵Ļŷԥ˵
ǵ۵ĵػ磬ŷ粻ܹЭ
սȥ˭ˡŷ֮дһĨηء
ֵֶ֣κǿȥ壬κӡ˹ŷ磬ȻսּǿߣҲδ
һֺηҿ鱻ɱ޶ԵĻҡŷᶨ˵
˻һĬȻ󱬷һߺ
ۡ
ĤԼۣڸжŷߵסȻһЩ콾һЩߣĤݣڸߺ
ۣʵ
һ֮ڹŷϣӳϣŷϢһ˲һµĸ߶ȣʱȫڹŷϡ


1950 һս
ǸоŷʵȻû״̬ȴȫָˡ޾Ϊŷṩ˼޾
ô򣿳һ˲ɱŷ磬һᣬĻսǵĽδػжôĹ
ң֮ǰҪնɱˣҪܴĴۣпܳɹ
̲סЦû뵽ӵӳ֣ڴǿߵս
ذħԡѪʱ¶һĨЦݣһ˫Ӷڵֵϣսʮ㡣
ǣսԷҪһսĻ㵽ףЭǸͲܵ顣
۲ˡôۿڣȻת뿪Ҫ
֪սȥǶп䣬ʱҲûѹԵˡ
һ
ŷ֣ضô۵ȥ·
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫ˡôŭŷ絲סɱ졣
ŷδκɫ仯˵ȻǲԸսˣֻһҪ󡣡
ʲôôһ˵
׼֡ŷ˵
ôֱҡͷ˵ⲻܡ
㲻ӦŷüͷһһӴɱֱôۡ
ô۹ͷ⣬⵲סŷɱ⣬ô˵ҵĻһܳ𣿿ЦΪ쾳۷壬ҪȥȥҪסңÿ𣿡
ŷȷʵûаסּǿߣ˵ǹŷ硣ּǿһҪȻսսǸǿߣҪסҲǺס
ϾһĻѾߵе۷ˣȻսв࣬ǾԲѹԵġ
뵽ŷһ˵Ǿٶһ仰δ֮ǰ㲻׼֡
ҴӦôۺʹ˵
ŷ綼ЩˣΪô۲Ӧȴû뵽ȻӦôʹ졣
һԵģ֮ǰ֣ΪҪסѰһԵԲų֣ȻֻҪҲ֣ҲûбҪҪǳ֣ϾΪ˼ϣǿߣǷǳֵõġ
ôۺԼĿģԴӦĺʹ졣
߰ɡŷ˵
ôʧǰʣһȺǿ
ӶɱҲûȤҲԴӦ㡣ֱ˵ȥˡ
롣
ŷһ֣˼ˡ
ּǿߣ˵ģȻı֤Ϳ϶ֵġ
ŷ罫Ŀˣ˼ԣͬ
Щԥ˹ŷһۣȻû˵ǿóǵɫǳԥ
ܶ쾳۷ǿߣǲǲԸӦŷҪֻǸо˵Ļʵе㶪ˣǵݡ
ǲĻǲ͹ŷսȥˡ
ҿԴӦ㣬֣ҲҪӦһ顣Źŷ磬ͻȻڵ
Ů˵ŷЦ˵
ŷĻɫ΢΢һ죬Ȼ˹ŷһۣһͽӡ
ŷЩԼôͳΪͽˡû˵ǻɣŮ˵ɡ
˵ҳ󣿡۾ðˣݺݵĶŹŷ磬ĥݣҪҧŷһһ
ذħ̲סһۣǿŷ籾ԸڵϷŮˡ
ҺŮҲУŮҲУҪҺʲôŷʵ
쾳۷ĴŮ飬ʱȴסˡ԰ԼĴء
ǹŷ֪ʱ뷨ŷ϶Ŀɿڴһɳ쾳۷ŮӣȻ˵ʵе㲻˼顣
Բ𣬸ղҴˣͺɡ˵Լ֣龹ȻŷǸˡ
һȫĿɿڴ˭Ҳû뵽Ϊٵ۷ǿߣȻļƷСء
ǰɣҽĵǸ˵ɣ㵽ҪҴӦʲô飬Ҫֵ̫飬ĻҲͬġŷ˵
ͷҲǳֵ飬ҲҲףǾںһսȻҡ
Ҫأŷû뵽ľȻҪȻ֪Լ䣬ǹŷ绹̲סһ䡣
ˡ˵һ㶼ԥ
ŷ磺
㷴ӦȻ˵սɡ
㿪ڵЩ쾳۷壬Ҳʱ˵ˣҪһսĽ
Ůȳ֡ŷ米˫֡
˵ˣҪŮе
ŷͷ˵֪ˣŮְɡ
鱩ߣһֱ̤ɱ˹ȥϣϢ޾һͷųŷֹȥ


1951 
ŷȻЦǺǵģǳȴһ㶼ҵɫأһһ˳ȥ
ü˫ӡǰһֱӽŷ飬Ȼŷͷȥ
ŷ羪ȣû뵽龹Ȼһ֡
ֱϢŷĶо⣬ʱᱻһղδʩչϢΪȺսӰ쵽ͬ顣
Ǵʱһ˳֣ȴûֹ˼ɣֱʩչֱϢҪŷ綳ᡣ
졣ŷ̾һһ̣Ѫ磬˻һȵ¯һͷ߿µܡյѪñϢڵһʱʧˡ
ȻеֶΡĵͷȻһ㶼⡣
ҲףŷϾսﵽ˺µĵزҪһҪ׵Ļܹŷ磬ǸͲܵ顣
Ľһġ鿪ڣһѽ͸Ľ֣ŷ缤˹ȥ
ŷЩ⣬ҪܣȴѽĲ˼飬ܵʱ䡣
ŷֱӳſ̫ͼתҪסĽ
ǣŷȴʧˣĽֱն˹ŷϡ
ûǹŷȴ¶Źֵɫһ̣ڿѪһɫѪ飬ŷ˳ڵϡ
ղžȻˣĽûڹŷ֮ϣֱӶ˹ŷ࣬Ȼ顣
ŷ̾ȴֹͣ
ΪʱɱϢֱڹŷϣȸղŸӱ䲻֪ٱҪŷ綳ᡣ
һʿȻͨ쾳ϢԪܹס
ǹŷȴһѾһԿʱص˼㡣
䡣
ŷϣ޾ʥⱬ˵˼㣬ֻ֣أȫȥ
ɫֱӵˣ֮Ӳŷȴģֻؼѹȥ޾ɱ⣬ֻ֮ͣĲϣҪֻء
ֿµĸоɫŷ񶼱ˣˣô˱̬
ֻ֮гҪȥûԸԹŷڵʵʩչֻأô׳ȥ
ʵϣʱֻأѾд˵еֻصһ˿ˡͨӹŷ緲˾磬һֱŹŷ磬ս˲֪ٵ֣ʱȻûб̭ˡ
ơ
ȣ˾Ө͸һһ޾ѩ趯ջһ޴ѩһ˹ȥ
Ǹ𶯣ȴδ飬޾ֱֻ֮ӽѩȻ𶯣Ӱѹ顣
ǿбΣͷ˿趯ȫڷ⣬һµĽȥ
ûõģľʵңҵֻУͲߵĳȥŷҡͷ
ȻЩûκãȫסˡ
һĻ˶̲סҡҡͷҪˣǹŷĶ֣ʵеˣŷֻסȻĻŷҪҲô׵ġ
ߣʹסܹΣҲ޷ңֻ֮ȻǿߣֻأȻֻ֮Ҳ޷ôȴ䣬ԼȻŷסȴδܣŷҪԼô׵ġ
ֻأҲֻǽסҪֻУǾԲܵġ
𣿡ŷͻȻ¶һĨЦ
֪ΪʲôŷЦ֮ͻȻһֲõԤС΢һ£ɫ䣬Ȼ˵ͨǲģҲżǿߣľʱ䡣
룬ǾĴˣҴסŷУֻƬֱֻشͨ档
һ̣һɿµֱֻ֮ӽֻصС

¶ֵɫû뵽ԼȻӵС
ֻƬǰνĲֻأԵôЦ
һ𶯣鱻Уһ̣һɰСŮ֡ϻ鴩һѾСˡ
һĻ˶𾪡쾳۷ǿߣȴû뵽νֻ֮á
ŷҲЩԾоˣʱΪȻʱӡˡȻӡʱ䣬ܺܳǶִ˵ȷʵΪ˼顣
쾳۷壬ʲεʵҪӡסǵʵֱȫܡ
Ǵʱȴķ顣
СŮգ۾ŭŹŷ磬ȻҲܵԼе״Ǳŵˡ
ӶԼС첲ŷ纰СӣϽҷſָҵʵ


1952 鰤
ŷ߹ȥȴûнڵķӡ⿪ֱӱ飬ȻĿɿڴУһƳСƨ档
ž
һ죬˶סˣӶҪɳˡǿʲôһ쾳۷ǿߣȻƨɡݹ۹ʷĵһ⡣
Ҳסˣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ飬ѾȫѴˣһ˫ӣڹŷϣʱȴûƽʱ鶯ȫĴ͡
ԼǸطȻһ˴ˣһǵô˵ǰʶһ֮ڲǺ£Ǳġ
˵ֱܴ裬ԼܻΪ֮еЦġ
ҪǸͲܣֻƬӡʵǹŷ磬ͳ岻ơ
ʱ䣬޷ָʵ
ŷ磬Ҫɱ㡣ŭ
ž
һٴγСƨ棬ŷһ˵СӼң˵ʲôɱɱģ˵һ䣬Ҿʹƨɡ
ᶼˣŭŹŷ磬˵һɱġڲɴ˿ɼùǺ
⣬ڵ㣬ûɱʵŷЦ˵
飬Ůڵķӡʲôʱᱻ⿪ŷһ壬Ѿˣǲ±Ů˴һֲ
ˣСӾҪɣŻۣĻǳԵġŷͷһĳӡ
ŷĻ˶ĿɿڴһĽ鵱һͨСˡһҪѪӣЩ쾳۷ǿңҺøղҪԵ˲ԼȻĻ³黹Ҫء
ϾһŮȴǣŷŮ飬ȴδأλʲô뷨ŷʵ
ǿԴӦ㣬֡ʣµ˻ܹôѾһǷսȥˡ
ҹŷҲչֳԼʵʵԽǡȻԸϣȴףһ޷ıʵ
ŷʵ֮ϡ
ղ鱻ܣȻԼԭ򣬵ǹŷʵȴӹɣǿʵŷҲܽܡ
Ͼʵأ֮УҲǾԵٮٮˡȻ޷սϹȡ
ǾͶлˡŷ繰֡
ȻǿԵĻʵֱЩ쵰Լ磬ҪԼĵлⶼʲô鰡
ЩǿߣҲɵӣȻܹŷе뷨Ҳûдʲô⣬ȫơ
ֻҪǵõԵʱ۹ŷǿǶ壬ֱӸɵˡ
õ֮еĴԵƿ˵ȫܼ
ŷ翴ǼӣЦȻ˵λټˡ
˵꣬ŷ飬ذħֱ뿪һսĻ磬ʤߣΪлǽ硣
˵ЩǿĵˣһɽѹǵУޱȡȻһЩΪȽǳģһЩˣûʲôо޷쵽һУֻǾãߵ磬һ仯
ŷصݣﱻٵĸӹ󣬼ֱƹޱߣ֣鶼ڻߺ
ȻҲĤذħǺο
ŷûж˵ʲôֻǱ飬صԼй
˶ۼһ𣬹ŷŮˣŷعʱһеĵģȫʧˡ
ףôָһãɴ۾һȵӡ
ʱһ˵Ŀ⣬ȫڹŷϣ̲סһ
ǹŷŮǣʱȫҧһﵹã߳ȥһˣȻһСŮҪ֪ԼЩУҲֻһΪŷ˺ӣ˵Ķûء
ڣŷȴ֪˭ϣһŮôܹŭ
Ҫ˵˵ûйϵŷϽ͡
ʱҲɴ۾Ź죬غСӣ˵˭ɫߵĺӣŲɱ㡣
ŭŷӡ׽ҲͰˣʱΪŷĺӣֱҪˡ
ʲô㲻Ҹ׵ĺӣƺҸΪɫߣ찡Ҳ̫ؿζ˰ɣôСĺӣ㶼ܹ֣찡Ҳţǰô㡣ĹŹ֡

ŷֱһŽС߳ȥȻ̰ԼСԽԽ޷ˡ
ŷ磬Ӻһԣʲôöһָ󣬵һǸɵǸӡŭץˡ


1953 ħ
Ļڳ˶̲סզ࣬С椣ñƢȻҪɵŷ硣
ʱ˹ŷĻˣԲǹŷҵŮˡ
˭ϣҸܵһɺǿԶԶԽǡɫأʵȻѾ˵𾳽磬ĵ𣬵ǴʱǰȴһԼСĸо
˵ʵԶԶԼ֮ϡ
飬е쾳۷ǿߣֻصƬʱӡȻ˻ŷƽ˵
ˣȫ̲ס˼񣬴һĨη
ԯˣһ쾳۷壬ʵ̫ˣ֮е߾硣
ˣȻΪ²Ҳܹ衣ҹŷղҲ˵ˣֻǱֻƬʱӡʵ÷ӡ
찡ԭһ֣ʧˡҲǱһ£ǹżҵĴˣһ첻µزµļһٴЦģ鹰֡
Ȼ˵ʧˣ̬ȣǷᡣ
С֣Ҫ촸ȥȴŷһץסС֣ȻֱӶ׼ƨɣݺݵ¡
ʵһ㡣ŷǳ⡣
ᶼˣԴеڣǵһܵίӶı˴ƨɣҵô˵ǰһĳ嶯
޵ĶŹŷ磬ΪָҪĵһ£Ǹɵŷ磬һֱ̫ˡ
ҿе㲻ŷ絭˵֡
һ£Ͻ˵ˣķˡһĻڳˣ̲סЩĿɿڴҪ֪һ쾳۷ĴڰȻˣ˵Լˡ
֪ʧȥΪʱһͨȣʵ٣־ΪΪӡЩַӦǷǳ顣
˾ͺáŷ絭һЦ
ҪޣԼô͹ŷԵģӵǺˣԼݽȥˣʲôʱһͷ
ҪӡԼôûãͲԺġ
ֻƬ춼ӡˣο飬ʵԲܱȵ졣
ңǻֻһֻƬǷӡģֻƬȻΪֻƬڷӡⲻõģò˶ãͻᱻڵĸɾ
һֱҲһ°ҿûܹںһ׵İ취ü˵
һз쾳۷壬ʵеΣաʲôطʱָΪڹŷ˵һв
ԣõİ취ǲߡ
ɱ

ŷһֱӽ߷˳ȥƶӣôһֱáŷҪɱĻﻹȵڣڸղž͸ɵˡ
ϹǲǶҲһˬ
ŷһ£ԭ˵
ôˣŷЩ㶵ʵ
ʲôҶӣǲǾÿˣᷳˣҪĻҾ뿪ˣһطӣʡİۡڣﻹǰֱĴ󾯻ӡ
ǵĻŷЦáҲܹʵװģֻԼӣŮеˡ
ˣҲвУҲܽһ¶ӣСһһӶûСŷЦõ˵
Ҳǰ˭ĵҵĶɵӣǸ˲ɵӡƲƲ죬Щм˵
ΪȻһҲһ㣬ʵͦ˵ġһӣϵһ˵ʱ˷ʤ
Ȼһ㣬ǾǾԵݻһС
ŷЦԼŮˣһ취ûСеĿɿڴŷֱСƨһ£ʱٴξһ
Ĺŷ磬бɱ˱ȻĻȱʵָһɱġצǱˣŭ˵Ļһ˫ʯĴ۾ݺݵĶڹŷϣҪеϵһһ
ҵһ취ڴʱذħͻȻ˵
λħ棬ҲһˣȻ˵а취Ǿǿ϶а취
˵ŷЩʵ
ħ󷨣֮УһħָʵҲҪǵĻȻĻֻҪǴ߶ħܹĥܹǰùֶΣԼһЩշ¡ذħ˵
ħ󷨣ʵʱ¶ֵ̿ɫ
ַǿнūۣʹӣ˵ֱ޷ܡ


1954 շ
ǲ󺰵һ̿֡
Ϊһ쾳۷ǿߣȻܹĽ˿ƣūۣΪ˵Ĺߡ
ҾòһǾͶһ쾳۷Ĵ֣˵ֱ̫ˡŷ˵
˵ͷһ쾳۷ǿ߰һ
ҲҪŷûңҲҪҪΪŷū
ɲˣ磬ûɱ㣬ѾǶˣҲΪԼΪܵͷˡŷ粻Ϊݸذħذħʩ
֪ذħֱӰ֣˵ҵʵħΪҵʹӣЩ֮Уֻʵ˻һ㣬ǾҪ˵ĻʹҲŶ飬κηѵͷ
ذħĻ鳹׾û뵽طȻһᶼ
ŷˣҲ뵽¶һĨɫ
ڳˣȴʲôͬΪԷߣֵͬ飬ǷŹԷ˺ֻԼߵˡ
ŷҲһȻ˵Ұѡ
ذħ촽΢ŷ紫
ֶȻ˵ʲôذħϣܶգַͲʲôö
ŷ֮󣬱۾һ£β˵ԭġ
üķ⣬һС˳ȻȻֱûʶС
ãŷԪ߻ûڡ
ˣڳ˶ЩʡֻǽԪ񣬽ԷʶȻ˼򵥡
ŷҡͷȻô򵥣ܹ˵ΪղذħѾ˵ˣŷڤҰħˣδڡ
ŷһֻϣȻֻƬŷ˳
һָ̣ư磬ͬŭΣµ˼㣬Ѫ죬ŷɱ˹ȥǿɱ⣬˺Ѿ졣
ס֡
Ҫ
ͣ
ǿںǳ⣬ȴûа취֣Ϣ̫ǿˣֻذħԳ֣ȴûһ㷴ӦǸͲһ
ҪϣɱŨ˼㣬еҪһоɱŷ硣ʲôŷҲĻһ㶼ţϾ쾳۷ǿߣƲ𣬲Ϊһϵˡ
Ǻǡ
ŷ絭һЦЦͻȻʹһֹͣŷ֣ĵ˵ϡ
̲סɴ۾ղŻһ޵ӵŮʱȻͻȻӣеֲ
ħ󷨣Ȼáŷ۾⣬һӡ
ذħ˹ŷһۣȻ̲סҡͷ˵֪ʲôַֻܹʩչΣշˣеĸĻǺǯƣֻܹˡ
ԭһΪܹץˣҪĻۣһܲŷЩʧ˵
ŷĻ˶һ㱻ˣһﾹȻ֮е쾳۷ǿߵأ롣
ǵ̫˰Ҫǿ˼롣ŷЩƵ˵
Ҳ֪ʱ״Ҳŷ̬ȫ˵ͷͬ˹ŷĻ
Ƕŷ飬ϵĵ̫ˣȻŷʵĵزǻǲԵĵˣ̫ڿˡ
ŷ磬ɱҰɡݺݵĶŹŷ硣
׾ˣԼһƿأΪ˴֣˵ʧȥɵĸоֱ˵
ΪʲôҪɱ㡣ŷ絭ʵ
鲻˵͵˵ϣﻹ쾳۷ǿߵ磬
һ£ǹŷҪģɫһ˵飬ԲҿԴӦ㣬ֻҪȹһѹأұԷ㣬ɣߣ˰ҴܺͲҪ˺ұ֮⣬Ҳɡ
Ǻܿɵˣҹŷ羹ȻӦҪŵڳ˶Ծ
ȻЩжߣӵһ쾳۷ǿߣҲһõ飬ܹܶ顣
Ѿ飬ŷĻ֮۾ʱ̲ס
˵ģŹŷ磬һʵ
ŷͷ˵Ϸԡ
Ϊۣ˵ľ˵ĸ֣ûκβס
ãҴӦ㣬ĻҲҪԶڵ顣˵˵֮Ȼվվ˹ŷ
ŮˣҲ̫˰ɣղŻһҪҪӣȻȻֱӻָˣ˿Ρ
ҪͨŮˣ쾳۷ǿߣŽܹﵽˣ֮٣ˣô׾ղҿİˡŷ絭Ц˵
һ΢΢ɫ˾ȻˣҲ̫˰ɡ


1955 
ղ飬ҲȷʵװģΪû˱ʽŷ粻һǿսãɵġ
ͲĹŷɱԼ֮ղһӣҪΪԼȡ档
ҲЩˣͲȣҲˡ
ԯݺᵭһЦͻ˼Ů˿´ûǻ˵ͷ
ˣɢȥɣԺúӦĽѣȻЩ飬ʱѹȥˣԺô˭磬ǿԺ飬ֻ硣ŷо˸
˵ͷȻףνĴԵ϶ǳˣųǿ򣬶һɱ˽Ĵ򣬲޶ԣ֮ڻδ룬Ϊʱδ
ʵǲ֪ǣһȻϣȻͨϵţȴһ涨ǾҪһĻ׼
ʹǿ߲μӣҲһٲܹ֮У硣
ڣȴδܹһˣΪ磬Ѿ֣һǲϿɵģһǿݣԺǿߣ»ˡ
ǵĵˣҲ֪᲻֮й뵽ŷɫ΢΢Щǡ
鿴˹ŷһۣ³˹ŷ˼˵һģĴеǿߣҲͨǸ򣬾ԵĲܡ
Ϊʲôŷ羪ȡ
ǸһйսֻȴûսʤȻҲֻСܣ˻Լ磬һսĺܼңܶǿ䣬Ǹ磬źܴĳ޵ģǽ֮УпܱȺ֮ŷ͡
ԭŷһֻҪǸ磬֣Ͳõˡ
ŷظӣ鵭һЦ˵㲻Ҫ˵̫磬ΪдԣǸڻĺеǿϵҪ˵ܶ˶ѾӦˣ˵Ļǵ磬¾Ҫ군ˡ
ʲôŷվ
ĿɭȻķʵĻӦ
ͷ֪ΪʲôʱŷϵϢһľĸо
ʲôӵĳޣôԶʱȥˣѾˣֻҪ㹻ĺôΪʲôӦЩΪȻ˵
ʵϣн磬ʵҲǷǳʵģֻҪ㹻ĺôܶ˿ԳһУһ㶼ϡ棬ΪУЩ˲Ųôء
һ죬ǸеĴ֮УйһԼҪˣ㿪ǵķâȻʮ꣬ɽ̤֮ƽ򡣡ŷɭȻ˵ɱ졣
̲סһսǱ˵ֻ϶̲ס֮ԱǣöԷڴţǹŷ粻һ֪Ϊʲô˵ֻ֮·𿴼ʬɽѪȫһ̤ڽ£ȫѪϴһ鶼ˡ
ˣҲ̫ˣȻԼָоΪһˣ̤ƽˣ֪ⲻԼĴһֶǿߵıܵŷ
ŷǱ̫ˣȻԼղ˵һ㣬ǽɳ֮󣬳Ϊеľ޴вҲǿġ
ǿߣһҪĻ˵ҲһּشĴ
ܣ࣬û˿Իٵ򡣡ҡͷһĲš
ĻŷЦˣ˵ϣûʲôģֻҪ㹻ܹݻ٣㲻ҪΪ˵Ǽٻһ죬Ǹˣ򣬽磬ʮ󣬱ʧʱ򡣡
ˣ֮Уʦ𡣡˵
һѹȻɱеǿߣ֮ųҪôʹɱңҲỹֵġŷƽ˵
ӡ
ҡͷ̲סһۡ
ֻзӲͷҲֻзӲҪͷж飬ʹ˵Լ̤ƽĳһֻ
Ǻǡŷû˵һɱȴƽϢ
һۣ˵Ҫˣػİȫǿɱ⡣
ŷķԸ֮һ˿УҪ뵽Լ֮Ȼ̾һ
֪ˡ˵
лһЩƵģϾһ쾳۷Ĵ֣ȴΪ˱˵ӣշ˵ûһ㲻ǲء
ȻܹԼһСŷ˵ͷС


1956 ˮ
ۼŷ绹һڵģ鲻Ļ᲻ԾݵӣһЩ˺
ڿ黹ǱȽϧԼģʱûзѵͷ
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ҲǹŷСģ֪ԼԿ飬ôСϾּǿߣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôһ벻ĻɱԼһЩˣʱȻŷһͷԽŪҲˡ
Թŷ绹Ƿǳעģ³ʲô⡣
ڣԷĺʵʲô鶼û⵹ùŷһ
ڣǺúʱˡŷа뵽Ȼʼ
ʥ⣬׽ŷû﷨ڣȫһɸµķ˿޷
ڹŷĵѾﵽһ˼ĸ߶ȡ
죬쵰ľ絽жߡŷʱ򣬾ڰ飬Ҳ̲סһ
֪ŷΪʲôô̬ˣǿһ㣬Ѿ֪ˣһȷʵĲ
̫š򣬵ǰ֮ȴЩʧûиܵκζ
Щʵ̫ˣ͸Ͳ֪ʲô塣
ϣеЩˣҪǸеǿ߽ȻĻд鷳ˣŷ磬츳ǿ졣аϾĹ磬뿴ԼĹ类ٵǿŷʱı֣Ժɳʵ
ʱһһĹȥˣ˵Ⲣһ£ּ尾ĸо
ʱƣһĴеǿߣ֮УūŸ飬ɱᣬ˿ں
飬вٱǸͲʲôüɵģɱˣԥ
磬ǿ֡쾳۷ֱ֣ӽЩ˸˳ȥһɱһǿߣʶҲҰ
ֻǣ飬ȴûôǿػÿ춼ˮȵС
Щ飬ѰҴԵ鵱ڻҡ
̫ˡھݺĳԱУ̲סҧ˵
ʵǿ󣬺ȻѾۼսǴʱȴΪǰ岻ںԼӣһʱ˾統У´ʱҲЩ˲١
ȻˣҲгԱɱʱ򣬱Щ˵նɱ
԰ôŭֱгȥһĳ嶯
۲ڣǵʵֻܹԱҪѹЩˣʵ̫ˣǱƼǣЩһ֣Ǿ粻ԯݺҡͷɫ֮дء
ˣҪҵΪܹ쾳Ǹöãʱȥսһ쵰ڤҧһֹ
Ȼʳδ쾳ʱ۾磬Ȼ˺ԶҪ쾳Ҫܳʱ䡣
վڤߣ˵ϹȲҪżʱ̫ˣܹ׷ȥģż
뵽Щ˵ЩջģĽ飬ͼҪͬʱ䣬ɱڤŭĴ󺰡
Ȼŷ̬һȺУȴΪģеʣԼʦ
Ǵʱڤȴ˼㣬쾳۷ǿߣȻۼʵҲûһ취ΪͲǶ֡
ûа취˭ǵǿߣȫǣһսҹŷ粻ܹأս۵ĵӣа֮ԼŷǵϣһҪսˣ磬עûһûκδʼ磬Щε˵
ͻȻʹԼΪʵתˣǰ۷սõŵЩȻֻһˣҲ׽硣
ͷȰ»߶Ҫˣ֮Уֱ޵еĴʡ
ذħҲһ뷨ҪеΪں䵽زЩԼǰľĿʼˡ
ˣЩˣѾȥ˼ʮ꣬ʱ䣬ʵҲˣǲҪΪ飬Ӱ쵽ŷɫһ˵
˵ͷ˵˭Ӱ쵽ŷҪҲ
Ļǳĺݣȴܹ⣬ڵ͹ŷһǹŷսܣԷɱĻҲˣλ쾳۷ǿߣȻԸ鷢ˡ

һߺ
￪ڡ
߽һ׵񽫣˹֣˵λˣ֮Уǿ֣߳ѹЩ۸ǿߡ


1957 
ʲôڳ˶ȣ¶ɫ
֮УǣȻܹЩ쾳۷ǿߣ񽫵ĻռϷ磬ôܣ
ʲôˣʵ
֪˵Ǽ壬ʵǳǿᣬһջƣǰȥݼǸ˵ɫ֮¶һĨŭ
أѯʡ
ƣһ㶼İԯݺᣬͻȻɴ۾ȻЩ١
ģǻƼңһ壬Գƶ¼ңһЩˣۣ˵ĺǳƺС۹ӭǣͬʱ۵ĹֱĨɱúܶ뿪Ͷһ˵Ǹ¶ŭɫ
ĸһ£¶һĨЦȻһˡ
һС֣Ƿǳһ֡Щ˲뿪˾磬з䡣
ǹŷ֮ǰԡѪƴɱ飬ȴԥ뿪Ͷ˱˵¡
ֲǸ˷ŭκһˣһĸо
ɱǡ˵ҰħĿһҪ֡ڵʵ۾磬ԺЩˣ̤ƽǣԲ˵˵
˰ɡҡͷ
˵ߣˣݻסʣµˣѾ㹻ˣǼȻѡ񣬾ҪΪԼѡ񣬸ӦеĴۣǼˣƲ硣
ڳȫ¶ȵɫĿʶЩһ
ȻʶƼҾϱļ壬ȫĺӦòףϱ˺ܹԼף֮жܵģһˣӦöˣʣµˣƹŷ磬飬ĻƼ֧ҲϱڣǸΪΪ˵˵Ƽҵ
Ȼϱļ壬ڳ˶û뵽һ㡣
Ǹ޵еǿߣڵļ壬϶ƽҲʵǿ죬ܹǵġ
ж¼ңǹŷŵңŷźϱһìܣңڶδսǶ¼֮У¼ңһֱܹű壬ʲôöҲ͹ŷŻպϣҲһƢŹֵ̫ţ֮УԴ˲٣һγ֣δҪ磬ҿпҪ磬һεĻᡣ
Ⱥ˷֣ǾȻ˼ڧ˶һЩ˼ĸо
ܿҲǣ֮⣬м壬ǳ֮Ϲǵļ壬ȨȻսΣʱҲսġ˵¶һĨЦһֿԷĸо
Ϊʲôԯݺʵ
ذħʱȴΪԯݺˣЦ˵ܼ򵥣ΪԼˣػйԾӦȨϱҲΣϾǣʵµǿߣҲó֡
Ϣ顣ԯЦ
Ȩʱ䳤ˣͱȻǲսȴ£ֱ̫ˡ
ǺǣҴҪǱչسˣµһҪԸ˲޵УЩʲô塣СͷЦ˵ֻ۾ȴž˵ĺ⡣
ڳˣǼ壬쳣
ʱ򣬾ȻֻڲʵӦͬЭЩ𣬶ڶ
ȹŷɣڵҲӲǼ壬Ϳŷˡͷ
ףǹŷ֪һУŭ˵Ļ־Բ飬ʹԷǻƼҵˣ˵ŷżҵˡ
ǵȴʱ򣬱ȴסˡ
䡣
һ죬ݴأĬһ飬飬˲ʧȫĨɱ
ֿµĶʱˡ
˭ֱӻ߲쵶һ˹ȥ
˳һ߲쵶ȻΪ쾳۷ǿߣҲӲ
ֻˣȴǳǿƣһѴѹ䣬ڱ񷣬˵Ľ߲쵶ײһ
ըѣ뽣ȫ˻ȥ紹Ȼ󱻽飬ȫʧ˺ܶಽѪڣȻһֳܲסĸо
Էʵǳ¡
˵ݻΪǶôǿأڿҲˡһӳ֣ĸǿߣȫ쾳Ĵڡ
֮дһĨڳЦĲ
һʵǺˣ
ûг嶯ΪԷǿ󻹸Ĵ쾳ǿߣʵҲǼǿսĻһ֣ҲδܹΪʤˡ


1958 ǿ
졣Էڣ˵Լ֡
һǿĴ棬ǿȻ򣬵ҲǿƣңǺ֮еĺܶǿ߽ãǸܿµĴ档
ˣ㵽Ҿ֮Уɱ飬Ҫ֮ս𣿡ǳ⣬ŭɱ磬졣
λľ𣬴ʱŭˣĿɭȻŶԷǱ
ذħȫվ˳ɱ졣
û뵽Ȼ˸ĿŵšҪ֪ݴ֮У𿰱쾳۷ǿ򣬺ܶ˲ԸǣҲ˽ѰҴԵ֣һƬأɱе飬ûз
ʲôֻһҪĿˣƾǣҲչսЦһ˿ڣĿ࣬˵ȴ쳣ᣬһ˫¶ϣ˵ţǾתڿҲûôҸһĻᣬΪһ׵׷ߣźңұһһܵĿ֡
׵Ļڳȫһ㶡
ֻеǿߣɫ䣬ڻ׵İãǺס
һ£ʶԷ˵ʲô˼θһ󷭹һ˳ʹ񣬵ԼȴΪһĿ꣬ȻҲܡ
ģԼʮûı̬ء
ذħһֻ΢΢ڳ鴤
̫ؿζǸСǿˡָһذħ
ʱذħı齩סˣŮˣԼΪŷṩħ󷨣һֱԼҸҪԼбҪС
Ҳϲû˭ܹҸܹ͵ˣĻ䣬עҪš˵һۡ
Ż
̲סֱ
ǷʲôɵǣɱҾ飬Ժǿߣĵˡԯվ˳˵
ǹŷ֮һΪ˵ĻȻȻȡ
ԯĻһ䣬磬һɱǡ
Ǿɱ˶źҲЩЦվ޶ԣЩ˶Ǿ֮ĴڣڹǾƵĻǻûݣͶˡ
Ͼ֮УֻоһܹܶѾ˼Ҫ뿪硣
ңһЩѾˣˣҲǶԾģֻڹ¾һŭ׷ɱǣʱʹ²ˡ
ǣһʲôûǸ֪Щ뿪һЩ˼ˣ뿪˼ˡ
һ׷ǾͷˡֻҪͶЩ£ǾͲõˣЩ֮Уϸ֡
ʮʱ䣬ǺȻѾ˹ŷΪѪƴֻΪ˱סǡЩ飬ǽģǲ𵱳ŷĹǵΪĺ
ʱԯĻǵնֱӳ֣ǬԼͨǿߡ
ʶ۷壬ϰ档ȣɫ֮ǰȻһַֻ⣬һƬ죬ȻҪס˴ͨ
ŭ˳ƺΪϣǣȻҪһֵֻס˵ĹĽǵ
ΪԼ֪۵ġ˵
ͻȻһëȻĸоһֻֻһƬ죬ͨǰ棬ǽȴеĲһûнͨ𣬷һƬ챻飬Ҳըǿȥ˲֪
Ѫޱȣȴûʲô󰭣Ȼһʱ⣬һСȴδ˺ĸ
۾ð𣬻ĶżˣĮ˵û뵽ǾȻˣɶҪɱǡ
ƾ㣬ûЦ
ǰȻޱȣӣͲ壬Ϊʵ൱ղɵҪǲұ֤ʤһͻꡣ
ԯ쿪ˣȻҪ֣
ǺǣҪΪһʱ⣬˵ңܹҵǰǲҵĶ֣һҪɱǡ˵޸壬˻
ϻ̫ˡ
鵭˵ͻȻ֣黯ʮɴСȫӨ͸Ȼͬһ㡣
һЦһһûд⣬ֱҲĳһƣסĹ
ˡЦ
˵̫ˡ鵭˵
Сġ
ڴʱͻȻһ
Ļ鱬ֻƾȻըȻ춴ȥ
屻ֱըֻԪӳȥȻˣҲܵ˲˺


1959 ĵս
һĻеļˣȫĿɿڴǶû뵽쾹Ȼ׵Ļ
˵磬һʼһƬ֮⣬ûκνȫ·硣
ܡԪ籡۵ϼڸգ飬ֻǴʱʵȴһۿۣȸղ㡣
ǿ˵ʵǷǳµġ
ûʲôǲܵģʵˡ鵭˵
죬Ҫ֣ɱ顣
ס֡캰ס
ü˻һۣЩ˵˼ֻҪһ
Ļһսֱ˵ҪҪɱ
ߣȻǾˣ˼еˡ˵
һĻ˶һҪµĳ嶯̬ôҲܹһزġȻϲŮɫϲɫ벻ͨ
㲻ˡ춢飬ղŸܵϵϢԲ顣
顣˵Լ֣ɫƽԻעӣһƬƽ
Ļشûһ£û뵽龹Ȼ֮еǿߡȻǿ󣬵ȴǳ˾η
Ϊǿһ磬Զ֮һ˭ϣǿ̫ˡ
ǿߣΪҪ磿û̶֣Ǽʵ
ֻĻ˵ɫͳԷĻʹҪ磬ֻǱŷշҪ磬ܡ
Ļ߳ŭûа취شķܼ򵥣ֱӳ֣ɱ˹ȥ
쵰
첻ҵ֣ͬһ
ֻǣȻǿƣһʵĺսǿΪղű˵ԭڻ·硣
û첻ˬһҪ쳤Х
ҪѹƣҲ쾳֣ȻѾռϷ磬ôܻᡣ
ЦѹƶԷ
˼㡣״һҪ
ذħҲǳˣȻվһ߿Լͬ鱻Χ
ֱӴ߲սף߲쵶ݺݵɱ˹ȥһնʮض·ˣһж߲ʵ㲻ɱһ㣬ɱס
Ŷ찡̫ˣô˼һܲ˵ġ״СУһԲӡ
Ż
£Щ鶼Ż¡
һαľٶܹܣܹ󵽣һĴ󺺣ӣȴŮԻ̬˵ŮԻĻʵ̫˶ˡ
߲쵶նȥ׵棬ӣݺݵĳȥ
Ƥޣ˼ϲˣױ˼һûгԹأһиоһۣȴ˹ȥ
Ȼ˵ȴףǱױ޳ϣҪˡȻȴҪȥȻһЩԼ飬Ǳˡ
𿴻һڵӣһȴǾԵĹȻżҲ䵱һܡ
ߡ
Ц߲쵶ȫУȻֱն
̫ˣ˼һܲ˵ġ˵Ļ̲סа
һѪǿŶģ쵶նһһɱⴹ䣬Ǭ
ʮִգͬѹȥҪڼ̵ʱ֮ڻܶԷ
ĵ˰һۣһ£е߲쵶һ㶼ˡ
̫ˣθз
ָˣãּһԼǰֱǶԼһ衣
ĸ쾳ǿߣҲǼսذħѡ
ĸ쾳ǿߣȫǽ쾳۷ĴڣӲذħһ㶼·硣
һӲ̣ΪֵԭռһϷ磬ذħˣȴķǳ
׺ĸ쾳ǿߣսǿս·硣
˴ս飬ʱлԵ£ǴʱѾ˻֣סЩನ
ǣ˶ܹǸֶסãۿɼٶʧ
áȫɫ
ǻʧĻеǿ߲֣Ƕˣսನûܹס
쵰
ŭһ
ҲɫѿǾݱٵŷ϶ŭʱǨŭϵĻδܹˡ
ʲôƨݴ磬һЦ
Ȼ·磬ȴûΣգʱɫ֮зǳ⡣
磬Ҳһٵɣ˵ȥĻǳӡ


1960 Ƽ֮
ˣڸô죿ԯվɫ֮дһص˵
ּ֪սǸͲκϲȥǽϹѡԯüͷЩġ
ףŷһչأ϶дջŷ磬һסˣһֹҲԹŷʵһֺܴӰ졣
ԯԥΪԭӰ쵽ŷʵ
뻽ѸףĻ϶Ҫٵʱһѡ쿪ڡ
ҲǣǸʱ򣬾ǲϹҲᱻϣݱ֮Ϲڻܹߵˡԯͷ
˶ͬԯ׼ŷ绽ѵʱ
֮ͻȻǿߣǰȻĿ˾һۣȻ׳һ״ķ綼סˡ
ǿԮ˾ȣû뵽ؼʱ̣Ȼǿæ
ȻԯҲֹͣ˲ϵˣɫսףȻֻס˾ݴأǳ֮⣬ȴٶ֣ûаæĴ㡣
δѡԯȴҡͷɫ֮¶һĨЦ
ĻһѣǾǵˣֻΪʲôҪס硣
ܵǿߵĵսսľˣʱҲȫ֣ͣǷֿĶˡ
ȻԷס˾ݣǣȴΪЩ˾ѣٴԹһЩ˲ѡ
ң˿ǵ񣬷ǳ߰ڿϣˣȻеǿ߶Ҫ߰
ʲôˣʵ
Ŀһۣû˵ֻǵ֮УȴŨŨĲм
Щŭһδߵ۷壬ʮȫߵ۷徳磬ǿߣʱȴӣĿ
ʲôˣҲһ䡣
˻һۣǿ֮еһ˿ˣ˵ƼңеĵѣɷһƼҵ棬ҪΪѡ
Ƽңϱļ壿һ
Ȼеǿߣϱ֣Ҳ̲סֹһƼҲǷǳǿģȻǿƵĴ򣬵һЩĴ棬ȴδһĶ֡
Ƽǿ߰Ȼ˵
ɫ΢䣬ȻǸƼҵˣ룬Ȼ˵ȻѿˣһҲܲӣ뿪ŹһΡ
лǸƼǿ˵
˶һۣҪ뿪
˭ˣ˵
˻һǵĽŲʱͣסˣĶû˵
Ȼû˵ǻƼǿߣȴ̲סˣǳѵû˵뿪ҪΥ
Ŀһۣ˵ʲôϱǸ쵰Ȼˣ֪ս֮ܲܰġ
壿ǸƼǿ߶ʱɫŭ
ϱҵǰҲһȺ⣬ΪһҪЩˣɱ˾飬ǱҪûһЦ˵ʱȻǿ
Ǳ˭ҲסǵĽذħҲĿתǿߵϣذħЦ˲ֻϱֶӣǾȻɵҪ֪ݵˣϱΨһǾȻµˣǺ棬߼𣿡
ذħĻˣȴЦһ㶼⣬׸˵Ȼ˵Ǹŷ磬δƼңԸͲϱӣһɱϱҲΪһˣ֮ǵ鷳ġ
û뵽еˣȻŷϱ֮Ĺϵġ
ֲûǣȻ磬ǸûϱΪŷ縴
Ҳò˵Ǿİ׳գǿ϶֪ΪʲôϱŷƼҡɫ֮Щ
ΪʲôʵʵƼҵǿߣ̲ס档
Ϊŷ̫ˣػƼңȻϱֵ̣Ҳǵ˹ŷķչҪǾԵɣԼŬ۷壬ϱ̫עŷ磬ΪνǶԹŷ籧̫ϣˣԲŻֵġЦ˵
ܡ
ƼҺͻǶš
಻ŶνˣΪǶҪˡ鵭˵ĻһӰ߳סǿߵȥ·
ŷ硣
˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣


1961 ˣ
ס˼˵ȥ·ȻһһȻδ֣ϵϣȴһִĸо
ŷ磬ʵֲ̫ˣЩ˶һۣԷеľ
رǻǣɫ䣬ڴʱŷϣǾȻֻܵ쾳۷֮еٮٮ߲ܹǵѹ
ŷʵʵ̫ˡ
ңɱߣδ̫˰ɡŷ絭˵ɫƽϣȴһĪϡ
ʱǿߵϣȻһ߲ĸоǺȻĶӣŷ磬δֲ̫һɣȻƣǸܵ˾޴ѹ
䡣
׶һֱۣӳ֣Ȼŷɱ˹ȥ
Ҫ̽һ¹ŷʵȻ
ǣŷȴûиǻᣬ֮ʥ˸пٵصľ֣˵˼㡣
ֱֻ֣ննˡ
ۡ
׺ͻ˳֣ҪסŷĹ
ŷһ˫ƥֱն䣬ǵϣѪ˳ȥǿߣϵĹͷ֪˶١
ǺȻĶһֶۣԷ֮еľôܣսϹܹͬɾĻǡ
ڣһСȴ֣ӭսˣһ֮£ȫˡ
Ƽǿߣȫ¶ȻɫǱΪŷʵǿҲֻ쾳۷սܴﵽЩ޵еս
ǴʱȴãԼס
ŷʵǿе̬ˣѾ˸޵еǸΣԱȼսǡ
뵽ղ˵Ļпͬ˵һϱںԼʵ̫ˣԷιŷɳ
ⲻһֲӣǽŷӵ˼㣬ԲŻıֵģ뵽ǶһۣԷеĻš
ǵһЩԹŷ粻ϱˣĲǡ
ɱ飬ǻ뿪̫ЦˡŷЦɱȻżˡ
Ĵ쾳ǿ߶һֱۣӳ˹һ˲䣬ʮͨͷųŷѹȥ
䡣
ŷһֻѹ䣬ֱӽʮͨ飬ȻĴ쾳ǿ¡
ĴǿߺȻŷ֣δǵϣǱоԼĹͷҪһ
ȫΪǿսŷ硣
ǣ޵УƲ࣬ʥ˸ֱѹЩĴǿߵϡ
ѪⱬĴǿȫ飬ʵδ쾳۷壬ǹŷĶ֣Ȼսһ쾳۷ǿߣŷʵȻѾԽˡ
ǺȻŷĿ⣬ٴǣǶ˵תҪߡ
ߵ𣿡ŷ絭˵
һֱԽǣסǵȥ·
˵ϣʧȥѪɫɫ԰ףЩ̿֡
㲻ɱǣһɱǣ򣬻ᱬ֮սˡ˵вŷ硣
㶼Ѿ˵ˣ磬һһʲôŷʼ磬˵
ŷĻǼֱҪԼ
ŷ磬㲻ɱǡƼҵĳԱʱӦǸϽڡ
ŷɨһۣɫ˵ûǲķݡ
ʲôƼҳԱȫ̲סɴ۾û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˲
ŷ磬֪ҵݣƼҳԱŭ
ΪʲôҪ֪ݣŷһŹֵʵ
ǸƼҳԱŭݺݵĶŹŷ磬˵ձ˵Ӧúһˡ
ˡһƼҳԱҲڡ
ŷɨһۣ˵ɵơ
ϺסǻƼҵĳԱڳ˶ɴ۾Ȼ뵽ŷ˲ܿȴû뵽ŷֱӿ
ȻԷĲԣǹŷ˵Ҳе̫ˣϾĳ
ǣû˻ΪƼҵĳԱ˵
˵ɵƣʲôƼҳԱϱǻ쵰ҶûϿҵ⹫أʲôҹԶ㣬һҿǳ֣Ҹɵǡŷ˵һ㶼
ƼҳԱŭ˼㣬ô˵ȷʵǹŷĳȴ裬޷ܡ
СӣҴ򡣡ŷ˴
ҪĸףúõĹܽһТӡŷҲڡ
ŷشǵָһм˵ܹù𣿡
˻һɫѿʵˣҲͺͻڲ֮䣬Ȼ͹ŷ綯֣ҲǹŷĶ֣뵽Ǳ˼㡣


1962 
ǿԺ֡׺ͻ˵
׺ͻĻŷЦ˵ǿ֣ҾͻὫǵһԴʱǻʲô³ҾͲұ֤ˣҹŷԵ˵ķܼ򵥣Ǿɱ⡣
ŷϵɱ죬ûƼҵˣ΢΢һ¡
֪ԼС˹ŷ磬һԼеҪµĶˡ
ĺͻ֣ŷĻ֣ɱǡ
УƼ֮ˣôˣԸԼļСǲͬ⡣˿ڣһԥûС
Ȼŷǲأȴܹ͹ŷһԸԼļеˣǲֵġҲڡ
֪ŷжԼԹȻǣվôǡǺͻ֣Ͳһˡĵˣͬŷ˵һԴˣ֡
¼Ҳ־Բ飬ĵˣɵˡ
ŷ̲סƲ죬Ҳ˵ĺʵ֪ԼǹŷĶ֣ԲҺ͹ŷһս
ǵʵԽŷĻ϶֣ŷѹ
׺ͻɫѿǶŹŷ磬ʵۣΪղŵǸ˿Ա֤ԺԲ֣Ź
ܡŷҲ룬ֱӾܾЦɱԼôˣһƬأ뿪Ҳ̫ˡ
ۣαҪͨ˵ݣ֮кҪȻʵУɱǣƴ򣬵ʱ磬һ١˵
Ļ̲ס˵һҿ֤˵ĲǼٻ
ʱ򣬻¶һĨɵɫùŷΪԼ֤֮󣬹ŷ벻ǸղһˣҲŹԼ
ŷ絭һЦǿȴ³һ֣ɱ
ǹŷľֱӳ֣ɱ˹ȥ
䡣
ǿ£ֻأ磬ɱ⣬ֻ֮ǰС
ãȥ󺰡
֪ŷ粻ԸŹԼԲųֵģʱѾûкͽĿˡ
׺ͻ֣Ҫֻأɱȥ

ŷ¶һĨЦȳһ֡
Ƕ䣬ֱ˵ϡ
մŷͨȻ޷ȫˣȴ΢ͣһ¡ڴʱµ鷢ˡ
Ǿֵ֮У˷ֱһ˽ȥ
ֻصŷֱӽֻء
ʲô˺˵ɴ۾
Ϊǿˣ˱˽ȥȻٴγֵʱһһװֵӤһˣȻһδ۾С
ֻأȻֲ˹
ˣǿˡŷЦӵֻƬǵһӡʵ
ŷֱӳ֣ɱ˻ͻˣǵԪɢˡ
ͬʱһǿʢ֮У޾ǳ˸ʱһǳըһӰֱϾ졣
˭ɱҵһͷɢߣĿɭȻɨһطһط飬һƬƬǳʧ֮С
־̫ˣӿ֮䣬޾ϵˡڲǿ˾
һǿĴѣȫ˹
룬ҵﱻɱǰ磬ҵ֣ɱǸ˵
һһŮȻŮӣȴӢˣһɫսףһŮս
һӣɫĻ֣ߣնȼգ綼ҽ
µǿߣʵѾ̤ǿ쾳۷ǿ֮С
ߵʱȴһ㶼ҵ˹һ£˵һǣվ뿪
֮Уһһе꣬һЦ˼ǸϼһȻǰˣҹҲҪһˣ磬֪СһȥʲôǸطڿǺ֡
˵֮ҹ䵭ʧ
üͷԼ϶ͷϢȻʧˣѵ쵽ԼĶ
ҡҡͷòܡɨһ۹ԼǰЩǿߣ˵Ƕȥɣƺ򣬲Ҫκӡ
ǡЩ˵
Ƕ뿪ſ˲Զһۣһǳֱ֣ûǳ֮С
ʱ֮Уŷ綢ŻƼҵˣüͷЩˬ˵ǻߣ
ŷ˺˶һۣȴû뿪
ŷ磬ʵһҪ̸һЩġ


1963 
ûȤŷ絭˵
Ȼɫڣû뵽ŷ羹ȻһӶûиǣֱӾܾˣǶû˵ʲôء
ŷ̬ȣˣ飬ɲˡ
ǵҪ˵ʲôɡڡ
ҵҪ֪ƼҵˣҪʲô⡣ذħҲڡ
˶ˣŷȻᲵ˵ӣ˵ͷ˵ðɣǵʲô飿
仰˵ģŷɫȻǵϣһ˿ѹ
ȽһǵԼְɣҽѣ˽ΰһڿˮЦ˵
Ҫ˵ϻŷޱ顣
ԻƼҵˣ޸УҪ˺ǿ뿪Ѿùŷ綯ŭˡ
ԣνʲô˺ˣŷҲʲôɫΪûʸ
ɫ֮һĨŭѹԼĻֱ˵һҪǾݣǻƼңԺܵǻƼҵıǾͲµ˵ַˡ
ŷͻȻ̲סЦ˳
ŷЦһЩŭʵ㲻ͬ⣿
ɫƣʵϣѾã־ʵ϶ھ˵һõĲٺõˡǳ֣ԿЩǿߣܵһʩᣬӦøмŶԡ
ŷ̬ȣЩŭⲻǻƼҵҪĽ
ЦǻƼҶɵơŷЦ˵
󵨣ŷˣĸ׺⹫ҲǻƼ֮ˡŭ
ʱûаǣҪǰȥʱһԸġŷĵ˵
һû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļ˽ȥûеˡ
㲻Ҫңû˼ѸϽ˵
ŷƲƲ죬˵Ȱǻ뿪ɣƼҵʩᣬǾݲϡҵԼᱣҽǵͬȻǣȴ϶ūͣΪԼˣһҾԲ
ŷ磬㲻ҪʶôǻƼһƬģֻΪ˱סǾˣ㽫̫ˡѸϽ硣
ŷգգ۾ŻѣЩʵǺԼһĵλ𣿡
ܣֻһȺ϶ѡֱ˵һԥûС
ˣϵļһ뿪ɣȻĻϲˡŷɫһеŭڵðЩһȻǴǸ뷨飬ū͡
ŷȻ鷢ѪʥģԲ衣
û˵㣬ֻ˵ЩΪϰˡüŷ͡
ŷ¶һĨЦ˵ҾãЩϣҵۣͬʲôҾʲô
ۡ
ӯ˭Ҳû뵽۵УЩߣȻƽȵģǲϺµĹϵˣͬ
ֻ£İˣûһὫԼЩϷһġЦΪԼѾʶ˹ŷ˼
ŷ̲סЦ˳ѵڿһɵơ
˵˵ҹŷԴӳΪ֮󣬺ƾԼʵ͵λѹκһ顣ŷ絭ʵ
ûС
ŷ¶һĨЦݣٴ˵ҹŷΪ֮ûƾԼʵ͵λΪԼıһ棿
ûС
ٴδ󺰡
ҹŷ磬ûκһͬŷʣδ
ٴδ󺰵
һ⣬ȫǷ񶨵Ļش𣬻˶һۣǶԼе𺳡
ΪǷЩ飬ΪŷʵźղֻġȫǷģûܵһвȡ
Ҳ˵ŷ˵һУȷʵˣûнЩ˵ϡ
ǵ߸ԵģΪǿߣԼĽʱ򲻻߼ƽϣǲǾߺԼܹϾЩ˵Уϡ
һ飬ûбҪһġ
˰ɣڿԹˣﲻӭǡŷɨһۣЦ˵
ŷĻǶӣԷеĲġ
ŷ磬ΪˣǲģȻ뿪Ҳ˻ҪݳǵֶΣֻǸӵļңʱǾݣĴͷˣǻƼңЩ˱㲻ϾǵˣҲԾ̫ġѻȰŷ硣
˭⣬ŷ絭˵
ûɢκɱ⣬ǾƵᣬȴľһַĺ⡣


1964 ˼
ŷ磬֪ʵǿ󣬵㲻Ҫˣʱ̫ˣܹѹˣڡ˵
ܹɱҵˣȴֻ࣬Ҫˣһ壬һ򣬽Ҫģ޾ıŷɫĮȻ
̾һ֪ŷ粻Эˣֻʼ磬Ȼת뿪ˡ
仰Ƽңٴһ⣬Ҫҷˣ˸㣬ⲻҵֻҵһŷ˺
ʲôһһˣû뵽ǿƵĴڣȻǹŷֻǹŷһǼš
һ壬ͬʵԼӦףʵǿߣʲôŷٴ˵
ͬʵĹŷ磬ȻԸϣǻȴòϣǲܹǡ
뿪磬ȴûлΪһرȫɱ
ǴˣԺ飬ᷢˡŷ˵ɫ֮дһĨŭһȷʵΪˣΪֻҪڣ㲻£ʵ֤ŷ뷨ǴġЩ˳̫ˣֱӴһƬءȻŷɱ˻ˣЩѾȥ飬ȴٳˡ
ҲΡǿЦ
ŷչأݽػȴ顣һ֮ϣʮڣûˣҲ
ûйϵϻҲдʱ򣬸οǡŷҡͷ˵Ĺ
Ͼּǿ֣߳Ҫʵҵʵ࣬Ͳܼʱס
ʵ״ﵽʲô磿ͻȻŷʵ
ذħҲ棬ŷղŵı֣е̫ˣֱӻɱ쾳۷Ĵ֣ɲһܹġ
ǿͬսۣҲ˰ɡ
սǸʲô޵У⣬ǴʱսһսҪܣҲܡŷ絭˵
˻һȫ̲סɴ۾
ŷʵȻﵽ˿ֲľ磬ȻҲûôɡ
ôģ̲סʵ
һЩʵһЩǴɣֻǱǰǿ١ŷڣǽ͡
ǶܹǱܣ̵ʱڣһֲĸ߶ȣŷܹزҲǺ
ֻǣȻڽ쾳֮ûжãٴζˣ𾪡һԺʣʵ̫ˡ
Ҫˣʲô飬һֵġŷ˵꣬һûŷС
Էе𺳡
ôһָоһιŷأ϶һ޴ľϲġ˵
ذħͷɫ֮УȻЩѾǾϲˣҿĲŷʵʵѾΪӽսǸˣһֶΣδؾսۣǳأĿ¾ܹͦˡ
˵ذħе㼤
ʱ磬ʵ̫ˣǿߺУȴֻܹŭвʹ졣
ڵǿߺܶ࣬ȴ֣ܲʣֻҪ飬޹ء
ڣˮȵУȻм壬ճȴܹŽᣬҪǲܵ顣
Ҫ£һõǸôܣڣ˭ҲƿǸذħЦ
ˣܹƿЩ׵ĶУҲҪ̫ңһеʵɳ˵ɫء
ذħͷ΢΢һ£Ȼɴ۾ףƼҪշһԭˡ
Ҳˣһۣʵ
ͷûΡ
һ˵Ȼ翣ǾԲ޼Ѱ˭ۣ˼ЩҪͨշŷ;һԼƿУǸͲܵ顣Ц
ڻЩ˻ƣĲ֪Щʲôذħ̲סҡͷ
˽ıԶѣ⡣ȴܿĿ
һ֮Уŷо˸̸ֻ֣ǳС
һڹŷϣȻ󳹵˹ŷڡ
⣬ˡ
ŷʱͻȻԼϣһϢһַǳµϢ̽ԵĽϢԼڣȴʵ
ǵ̸ŷףνˡ
Ǳ֪ˣ϶̲סȻҪ֪ⶫȻ֪ȷʵڣǴδܵǣ̫ˡ
ǴʱڹŷϣȴԻˣŷԼ֮УǴûй顣


1965 
ʱһطͷǺȻҲС
ֻǲδռλһڤս׵ӣλʱڳǿߣɫ֮дһĨȻͲм
ʲô˼ǾףʲôĿģ̲סʵ
ϲϲ¼ңΪѾãʵ̫װˣеġ
˻һۣû˵
ڶ׵һ꣬˵˵Ƽˣ
һǻѻܹס˵ͷ˵
ǺǣǻƼʧˣûгǵϣƼҵˣһķϲġǸ˵һ̵
׶ˡĿɭȻ
ѵĻǸ׶ǿߣЦһ˵Լ㲻һϲģȻ˵ҹˣǿЦ
˭˵Ǹ㲻ֻǲ֮ķĿѡŭһ˵
ֻڳˣȴûһŵġ
ѣ㲻ҪƱˣŷ磬ǲŷ磬ŵǱ뿪Ϊǲ֪׶Ц
һ׶˵ھ֮мϸ
˵ôֻ߶ѣҲûʲôãֻܹ֮зһЩǰˡ׶˵Ʋסĵ⡣
İţȴ˺ܴáãŷʵ;֮з飬ܹڵһʱ֪һ¡
˵ٺҲǼϸ㣬ҪС˹ŷ磬ֶΣܹġЦ˵
ǾͲϲĲˡ׶һЦ
ɫѿĻΰȴŭ˵׶ǲҪȻһٵ磬ŲӸɵ㡣
Ҫ֣ܳҵҪһСǰǱѵļһʲôʵһս׶Ͳںΰв
ǵʵڲ֮䣬ΰлѰæ׶Ҳа֣ҾԱȻΰǶࡣ
ԣ׶˵޼ɵ
ΰŭɱȻҪ֡
׶Ҳһţվ
ˡĶͻȻһϱһƣֱӽ˵ѹסˡ
ΰ׶ȴûа취Ϊȷʵǿơ
ңۼЩУ࣬һǶֵĻԿĿ϶ǡ
زˣǳ嶯ֱ֮ջƣԸͶϡ
ŷû׶еô򵥣ʵҲĿ䣬˵仰ڳ˶ɫ
˭һе̳ʵǿܹȣǴʱȻ˵ŷʵ֮¡
ڳˣֱԼĻϾŷһСȻùŷǶ벻ǿȥǴʱĻȴǵ֪
ܣŶ󣿡׶һš
ŹŷԼǿ׶һ㶼ɣ˵ŷȶҪĻ׶һٸš
ʵ֮ˣǿߡдԣѾΪ˹Ϊǿһˡ
̫С˹ŷ磬ϱսйεĶӣսѾˣѵĿŷʵ𣿡üͷɨǰЩˡ
ЩףЩ˵ŴġȻ߰ȴǳԼĶλҲԼ˵۹⡣ŷʵԲ
ʲôҪɱ練ơ׶м
ڹγǰ϶˵ֻս֮дһϢԳ֣ɱһ޵еǿߡ˵
˻һ׶ɫһͣ¶ŵı顣
ҿʼϢʱ򣬺һķӦǺұˣΪ˵Ϣˣҵĸסƽ˵
ĸף½ǸŵĸǿߣȻ˵ϢͱʾϢԲм٣ҲûбҪ棬ƭԼˡ뵽˵жЩء
ǶţȻߵزǺ͹ȣȴһָоԼʲô㲻ϣһҡ
ָоǷǳ
ǲ֪ǣҲ߬ȭͷսʡ
ŷĽܳףǲҪһȻĻԿĽǡٴοڡ
˳Ĭ˵֮ǰǻе㻳ɶĻǴʱȴһ㶼ỳˡ
ȮӣнĶɣеһվĸ߶ȾͲһԶԣǵȻߵĸԶ˳
ξ˹ŷ粻ܻȥˡ


1966 ѹƺв
ҪˣӦöףȥĻܶ߾ˡ׶Щ˵
е㲻ŶĻЩˡǶЩ޵еǿߵĺһֱȱ˲
һ쳣Ҳ;ãҲбȶҽܳˣŷֻһ׶ϡ
Ҳ˼ŷδж˵ôǿǲԸ⶯ֵĻҺ׶ˣǿȥԡ飬һͷһ
ⲻһĽǻѪ֮ǿǼһ塣һǰֻ˵ӱġ
ǲҵĻüͷһ塣
ĻȻţֻǱ˴˼Ϣˡ˵˿˻һۡ
Ѻͻΰŭһ壬׶ߵĺܽѣʱȻǻ׶Լ˷ء
ϾѪŨˮĳЩ˵һЩѻΪ˱סԼˣҲǿġǣⲢȷжϡһǿЦ
ѿһۣ˵֪һɵơ
ѣңɫϱµĽ⣬Żѡ
ȻڻѵĻǳѾˡ
һ߰ԽһЩˣǲбԼ
㣿Уʲôʸ㣬㣬ҵ͡˵һЦ˵Ļɫ쳣ѿ

ۼ˼ս˶ûжǵſЦءֻ׶վ˳һɫȻ˵ҶѣûбҪŵģѣҲǵģֻһɶѣǾȻôķӦѵı˵ˡ
һǰĻǺĻȴûѲһ㽫Ӷˡ쵰˵ǹ˹ŷʵ
׶ǺͻһͬˣҪ֮ĹϵˣһƼһϵûУֻ˵ԼʵжϣҲԼģѡǣǲţǾǣҵûκιϵ˵
Żѡ˵
׶ǲ˵ˣȻѾ˻ѣ˵ʲôûôˡֻһһ仰˵
ǺãԼж֮ûйϵʱˣǲҪǡ׶˵꣬һ뿪
˻ƼҺͶ¼֮⣬ˣɫ䣬һֱδУһָĪĸо
ȴ⼸˸Ī⣬Ǹ֪ڵʽ˼壬ȫ壬ų֣Ϊо˴٣ҪѰˣѡ
λʲôʵ
Ƕ˽⣬Ǹŷ磬ͬ˵еôǿĻĲð죬ۣ˼ڹŷϣ˾һŷ粻˳ҲòˡһŮӣ毺ãһɫȹӣһɫһĽŮӡ
˵ĲҾöڹŷ磬գӲֻĲԡŮӶһ국˵׷磬ʱͷͬǸŮӵĻ
л׷ֿ϶޵뷨Ц˵
Ҳͬ⡣һ֣꣬ʱȴڣ˵Ļ
ɫ֮дһĨ棬ʵʲô뷨
ŷǾ֮ˣѱ϶ᱻգֻܹδ״֮ǰԾԵʵѹƹŷ磬ȻþвͶ֮⣬ûбİ취Ȼ֣˵ȴǳȣʮ㣬Ŷ˵Ҳһ뷨ɣ
ѵҲͬ뷨
ͷ
ôǾȡ
ŷĳɳʵ̫ˣǵأûһˣͬѵֱӳ֣¹ŷ磬ȻԾвŷͶϡ˵
ֶϹŷǸСûκΰգ𾪡
ղȻ˵ģŵʱȴһۿۣڿûеô򵥣˵ľȻĻľãԼϹŷ磬ܹʤ
ʹڣҶûףżҵˣ̫аˡЦ
͹ѹƾ磬ͶԷһսһսĺܿ죬öԼΣһΣֻսĽȻδı䣬Ǹʱ򣬹żҵĿ£ӡļˡ


1967 Ǻ
ŷǹεĶӣȮӣҹŷ¼ҲöףԲһһаˡ
ԣڶԴŷ֮ϣأһ©
ȻˣǶֵİšڳ˶һۣö˵ףǰĻŷĹ˳
ãûбҪ̳֣׶ˣǰȥ̽һ¹ŷʵɨһˣЦ˵
Ȼף˳֣Ҳδܹκιŷ磬Ż᲻ǳ֣˵֣̽һ¹ŷʵ
Ļи˶ֵʱ򣬲Ϊ֪ŷĵϸʲô⡣
ȻԴһ㣬Ϊǵ̽·ȷ棬ǲġ˴Ц
Ѻͻΰһۣ֪ΪʲôжһָоȻһˣҲδܹκιŷ硣
뵽֮ǰŷı֣Ǿ̲סһǸСʵǿеˡ
Цֻ˵Цݣȴе㲻Ȼ
֮УһĻػž󷨣ǹŷԲµġʵִ󣬳ǿߣϧһдۣܹһ˲򴩣ĻҪúܳʱ䣬ܹƿ
һ͸˹ŷǷӦʱ䣬ᷢһֱ硣
һУŷ绮ֳķһûԼС
Ѿﵽһ˵ĸ߶ȣǹŷʵ;磬ǵϢأʵһµĵز
ŷ磬齵
ھոһʱһȻʱþݵ龪һ¡
󣬱ǲȻŭȻˣùŷ齵ŷǵ޵еģҲϵġ
Ȼи޵еǿߣ䣬ҲŶһ㣬޵УûܹùŷͶ
ڣȴ˺ĻһĿⶢԴʱ֮ڣа˳ɵ飬ȫɱָһ
ǸطĵӰ֣ɫȻЩŵĶӣǶû뵽ԼȻôϣһɱ˳
һֳ裬ɫͨ졣
׶һſһ£һ׺֮ݴӹȥҪɱˣϴԼκͳ裬Щϣ֪Լϡ
ֻǣݽɫĴתסһ
黶õػ󷨣ǵİȫԷǿſһ£һ׺󷨣ǶܹܵԻٵǲ֪ٴΡ
ǣǿ󷨣ȴûͻ۵ֶΣǸӼ۵
겻һŭ۾֣û뵽ոմһЩˣȻ˸鷳ѵЩ˾һ㶼
׼ҵСӣǲһĽͲˣϰˣҲס㣬Ҫɵ㡣ŭ˵ĿɭȻ֮׶ǿƵ˵
׶ŭԷֻһ쾳ʿȻ˵ĸף׶ŭ
һСȻ˵׶ŭ
Ļˣŭ㸸׼ңҪһ֣㾹Ȼ˵СҽĲ㡣
˵ֱ꣬˳ȥ
ŭˣԼֻһˣԷˣֱٻ߲쵶׶˹ȥ
׶Ӷһǳ߲쵶֪֮ݣȻǸϹ
Ǻģôܣ˵ˣҲ֪ģ׶ȴΪ׺ͺ֮䣬йս
Ǻܺã·磬ᵽģ׶̲סꡣ
ֻ׶û뵽ǣԼȻǸģȻԷڵʵ統꣬뵽Ǹ˵ݣ̲סͷƤ顣
㾹ȻҲ֪ң㸸ûǰҡЦ˵ϵĹȴһ㶼ûͣ
ᣬһжᣬҲҾݵ鷳ġ׶ףıֵŵˡ
һĻ̲סüͷȻ˵ʵ൱ʲôµģ׶ѣʲôʱôųˡ
׶ЦҪܣȴԼѾ߲쵶ˣֻܹӲͷƤֿ
䡣
һ죬׶ֻǵ˺ܶಽȴûˣͬˣ׶ٶ٣Ȼŭ壬ݺݵĶ׶
Ȼ׶ҲܹܵʱʵҲͺԼ࣬ȴһֵûС
̤ǸϾĸ޵еǿߣȻʵˣҲпµֶΣĹͷŤתǬ뽫ԼĶˮ


1968 ֣
ЩĿ׶һۣȻվ˳˵Ҳ˭øҹȻĻֲ顣
׶սȥֱ֮Ӷˣһ仰˵׶ȴڿЦԼˣʹܹĿģܹôһһεǿߣ׷Ҫǿƣǵòʧġ
ں˵ɫ
׶һɵӣ׷ˣЩ뿪ˣȴû뵽ԷȻ˵Ļ
ھ׷Ѿˣ˵ȥˣԺȵﵽ۷ʱȥЩϼһ϶ᱻЦ
뵽е߲쵶ӵˡ
һĻ׶ֱҪһƣһҲǰ˭ܹԼôɵˣô򵥵ôһӶûг
Ǻ˵ССһ쾳ʿΪԼǴתˣܹƭ׶֣ȴƭҡȻ˵
׶΢΢鴤һ£һ˼Լ뵽׶Щˬ
Բ֮ˣֻվȴſϷ
Ǻǡ
һЦͻȻһն˳ȥ
߲ʵᴩأǬɱȥ
һɿµϣһëȻĸоȻĿһۣҲɵӣʱףԼС˶Էһǳǿߡ
˫ֽȭӡɱȥ
ǽȭһͷ֣ѹ䡣

ȭǿ󣬾Ȼס߲쵶ȻɫҲÿ˺üѪڡ
ôܣֻ쾳һʿǿ󣿡Ȼ˵Ȼֻ˵˹ŷǿȴ֪ط쾳۷սǿߣǲ֪ͷľˡ
һǾ𡣡Ц˵
΢΢鴤һ£ȻѱĻʱҲһҪһͷײĳ嶯ԼǵˣȻͷ뵽תԹĿһվһߵ׶һﾹȻԼҲ̫˰ɡֲ׶վһߣƨ˵ϹתǷǳµģ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻָǰʵʱ򻹲Ű
ɲһЩļ壬֪𵽵ǶôĿ¡
ٳ֣ԶԶĺ롣Щ֮УЦᣬһжһᡣ
սˣΪͷΪԼļ鷳
ҹŷ鷳ģҪЩСΪѡ׶˵Ȼ˵ҲǾ˴ͬһʱڵġֻҲģǿǺԼһԶĴڣĸףҪǿƵĶˡ
ҹŷ鷳һذħǵǰ
ħߡ̲ס˵
ذħԼıӣ˵ͷЩ̾Ϣû뵽Ȼ˼ǵҡ
ħһˣħߣôܲʶֻʧ£ʵеԶˣǸû뵽Ȼﻹܹħߡ
ңǺ;һֵġȻתδﵽ۷壬ʵһܲףһսһ쾳۷壬˵ʤǡսָۣ޵еսܹ֮Ĳࡣ
λ͹ŷ֮йϵһڿˮ̲סʵ
ذħһۣԷеЦˣǺͿʲô鶼ûиףȻǵ鷳
Һ͹ŷ׼ҡذħʹĳϡ
ǹŷСܡƤ΢΢鴤һ£ǻʵĻش
Ļشü˵ɴ۾ǾתȻΪ˹ŷСܣôܣǶԼǲˡ
һŵӣ¶һĨЦһ㶼˽ϴ֣𣿡
׶һۣǶףԼ̫ڴˣŷûԼеô򵥣Ǵذħϵܹ
˵Уʱһ⡣
ԣ˰֣ǿϢͻȻڣɫ̲֮סȺЩǡ
ϢԶ˵˼㣬Ŀط
׶ҲЩãȻв²⣬ѵǶˣǼʹҲ˾Ȱ
ԣǿߣǱǿˣСģǵˡذħܣͻȻɫһ䣬Ȼһ֣񷡣


1969 
Ϣ֣ѹ񷣬һֿµƣĲ˶֪žǿеǿˣʵǿĲ˼顣
Ȼʶ޵еǿߣҲ࣬Ϊµǿ֮һ
һɫս׵Ůӣһеˣ磬ֱӳݡ
ǿľµǿƣʱǿɱǶоѹ
ɱǿߣֳ𵭵˵ƽȴſµȻ󷨣󷨶ڲ
ذħǣò˹ֿ
ǶһۣԷеء
ذħ鷳ˣǿ߾Ȼôɱ˹е㳬
Ǿã֮еǿߣҪ֪飬Ҫܳʱ䣬ڿȴˡ
еǿߣûеô򵥣Ǽڵһʱ䣬쵽ǿߵ䣬Ȼɱ
ʲôˣ粻ǿҰĵط֮£׶ǾȻӵļȻܵԷǿ׶Ȼڡ
Ĵǿߣ룬ɱ졣
⵹ذħЩ⣬ذħΪ˿϶ǺͻΰһһԹۣʵȴее㲻һ˾Ȼڵһʱվ˳ǳǿߡ
Ŀ֮УɫĻ棬˵ʲôȻҲ˵
ǿƣ׶ǡ
׶ŭЦ˵ʲôˣҪҰǰǲС
еǿߣǷǳһֱŽᣬۺʵ֮ϣǲҪΪŵɣҵȸع飬ɱҲڣɫмǷС
ⲻǻΰͻѣ˺й
̲ס˵˵ĺãЩ쵰ȻΪ۸ģӺܲˬҪɱˡ
һȺϣҲ뺳죬Ȼ֣ҲǵĶֻ֣ɱǸ֣ˣԷŹҲ˵Ȼޱȣ˷С˵ԷŹˣһʩᡣ
ڳˣﵽ쾳۷ʵȻδĸ޵Уһˣĸģ˵ʱȫ¶Ц
ŮǷ̡ذħҡͷ˵
Ҫǽŷ磬϶ܹں̵ܶʱ֮ڣֻ̳ǲ֪ŷЩŮˣ᲻Ը⡣аЦ˵
ҪȺŮ˺Ƭذħҡͷ
ŷŮǣѾ׼ŷٸԼӽˡŷ絹ˣŮˡ͸ŷһŮŮ϶ᱩߣʱȻҲԲ˶ߡ
һȺŮˣʵͻͽ׷ǵͷرǶսʥԯ죬ҩһڼҪ쾳ˣٶȣʵ̫ˡ
ǣȻԯ죬ҲԶʱҲŬһ׷ǵĵӣʵ̫ˣŷϴִʵϣذħ̳ĵӣҲδؾͱȹŷ̳ĵǿ
ŷһȺŮˣǹŷֽ̳ģһ㶼ûģһȺŮ˵δǼֲġ
뵽ԯǵĿֲҲ̲סһȴѼӲЦúĵתһǾ˭ǼëѾͷ
ȶʲôذħЩ
һϲǿη壬Ҫ˵Լһ㶼£ⲻǾ¿
ϻ˵𣿡𣬴һɱ
ĻŷӦԭԼأ˺ٺһЦȻ룬˵ǲܽģնɱǼ׿϶ΪǱ𣬵ʱǾܹˡ
Ը
˵һ̣ǰûзӦ㱻ķɳȥҺ߲սף㹻ǿŵסһ
ȻĻʹɱҲùȥģҲҪˡ
ذħһϽһضȥ·һ̣ħ࣬һ˴ذħħ֮д˹ȥذħľղķӦ΢һ㣬¶ҪˣŮӣܹ
ǡ죬ǻһĨѪգȻղҲģı˳ȥ
׶ǳԾû뵽ǿͬǣȻҲסŮ˵һŮˣʵ̫ǿˡ
ǷӦҲ죬ֱΧ£˹
׶˵˵ǿߣ׼Ұ


1970 Ҳһϲ
ʲôмĿ׶һۣûнСסˣɫ߰˵Ǹҳ֣ɱ⡣
׶ŭĿⶢϣɢĵ⣬ϣɫ֮˵˼㡣
ˣ̫ڿˣǼʶһ£еҪǿĶࡣ
˵仰֮׶ֱ˫ӡ˵֮𷢶
ͬʱҲˣɱǵǵʹӣҲǵ׷ߣʵǱȶҪࡣ
ʱǸԼӳ֣һ貣ȻõǽԵһˣͬˣһͷʵǿͬʱԭͣչ
ͷµǿߣʱȫ֣Ҫѹ
ղɫ֮УȻЩмǴʱȴأףĴǿߵʵСûԼеôСÿһ˵ʵӽ
ʶһ㣬𲻸ҵһȻХһһ𺣣ʹȥ
֮նˣһֿµľ̲סЩľ
ǳ£Ȼ쾳۷ǿߣҪȫԸҵ
׵类ѣ쳣ˣ׶¶ŵɫҪ֪ǿ׵֮Ȼˣ޷󣬶ԷĻ棬Ǻε
ˣҲǲҽһɳȥֱӱ˳֮УǴһĨη
̫ˣ˵𣬼ֱ˵ʲôգûʲôԵסģǸղǲԱ壬Ԫ񶼻ᱻյ
뵽ֿµĺ˵ɫЩס
˵ƾЩôҵĶ֣ҪңֱһЦСɫ֮г˰Ȼ׶˵֮УǴһỊ̃׶֮Ҳ쳣ŭ
磬ǿǷﲻܹˣҲҲõ⣬ӣǸ֮УΪǿ֮һǣûбҪ⡣׶˵
սҵҪһսϧĲʱ򡣡Ц˵
ĻڿһɵƣһﾹȻԼսȣʸ
еˣֶ𣿡һЦ𣬶ʱ˵жһ
ǽĿ˹ȥһӳ֣ɫ֮УЦЦ𣬴һĨӺͲм
˭׶ǶһۣԷеĺȻδֶԷĵ֪ԷڣǲŲֱܵ顣
дﵽ磬ûʲô˺Ͷܹùǵģǰ֪ˣȴ㡣
ҲһϢߣ˵Ƿǳ˵һ顣
ʲôˣ̲סʵ
һۣŷԼıӣЦ˵Ҳһϲġ
ϲģôܣȻ߰ǲһɵƣһܹϢԼߵˣôһϲģ˾һ֡
Լŷʵ
㲻ûң֪ʵԲһһˡ˵ɫ֮дһĨЦŹŷ磬˵
ŷӣЩε˵˳̫˧ˣûа취Ҫҵľ绪ģû뵽Ǳ㿴ˡ
ŷ񣬴һĨʣЩ⣬һһôΪϸֵģôô¡
Ҫùŷ֪ԼУѾΪһµļһĻ֪û
ŷһԼʵǷǳеġ
ŷ磬쵰ôĻʲôС椵ʵ̫ǿˣǿ춥סˡڴʱͻȻЩա
˾ǹŷ磬һ£׶ǣһ£ӣǸղžȻҪһµļһ鷳һǾ̲סж£ֱ
ֲܹɱ׺ͻˣʵʸ񣬲Ҫ룬һ֣ɱŷ硣һۡ
ȻǾŭУ뱬ˣֱӽǺɳȥ˲ҽУһȫˡ
һµǵεȻҪ׽ǻ
ԣǻǸ϶һ
ִĻֻ֮֮еĻӵУܹɻԵ˺õִУȻûлô£Ҳ㹻ˣͻȻ˳һ


1971 չʵ
ǲҵʼֿǣȻǻԳ֣ǴʱҲǰ޵еĴˡ
ֻŰǸûа취ֻܹ֧š˶һۣԷе֪ԼдˣûнУԲųһ
ǿЦľˡһǿߣйŷһ˶ѣˣǳޣҪע⣬ȻĻԺĻԴġ
ڣȴЩʱɫǱеԲˡ
ϴ󣬿ɥ˵
ŷһ۾Ϳǵ״̬ЩȣȻһۣ̲ס˵̫ݶˡ
Դˣֻһ֣Ǿɱ뵭˵
ŷ磺֡
õ˵ɡЦһһ̣ڹŷǰһȭ˹ŷǰ
ȭͷֱӱ˹ŷ壬ȴɫ䡣ǲ񣬾ȻƭȥˣҪ֪ٶȣǷǳµģղ֣ûдù룬Ϊٶȡ
Ǵʱȴķ֣ȻˣԼٶȻҪ졣зǣǸ˻Լĵˡ
ͷֳһ亹ͻȻ𺰵Сġ
Ȼûκθо룬ȴһٸΣֱӱԼĻɫ澪˵˼㣬춼յñ顣
ǣһӰȴֱӳ𺣡ȻһŲͷϣҽжһ㱻̤塣
ѪȼգƮ˷
˶̲סԾҪ֪ǿһѪ⾫һ쾳۷ǿߣԸմȾΪȫɻɣ쾳۷壬ž޴в
䵽ݴأԻֻŷɫ΢΢һ䡣
õĴȻǱЩѪ⸽棬Ҫִ⣬ܱܿմ
ŷҪ֣Ѿˣ֣ŷ磬ùŷסЩѪ⡣ԪԶ飬ŷ֮Уľ壬ŷڿһħһ
ֻи޵еĴħʵһ֮£һɱʵֻڻϼʶ
ŷʱľʵҲ䣬֮䣬ȴҲ٣ѾվͬһΡ
ʱ֮УҲ¶һĨ⡣
£Ϊӽʵǿߣƴȫŷ磬ŷ缴ʹʵͻԣҪͻƣҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱˣǸʱݴأѾյˡ
ŷҪۿžݴػ𡣡Ц
ʧѪ⾫Ԫʵ죬ͲģʱסĻƣҲǿ
ܵ⣬˿⡣
ŷ翴һۣԪһըֵĶŹŷ磬һԶ롣
ΪֻһֶΣŷЦһ
ŷĻ֪Ϊʲô̲סһʱһӰ˵ǰ˶̲סĿɿڴ
һŷ֣Ӿ֮Уֻ΢΢һ֣Ѫ⣬ŷռȻڣֱӽЩѪ⾫Ϊޡ
𾪡
ŷҲ̫ǿ˰ɣȻͱʵࡣ
̲סһ£һеͷߵĳ嶯Ϊһŷ磬ǾսһͬսķǾ͸Ƕˡ
˵ˣһҵķںŵĹŷ磬Ц˵
ⲻܡ뾪ǷĻǹŷʵҲֱ̫ˣпܳԽԼӻ䣬һ˼飬еš
ȷʵܣҵʵʵͷһģһͨԻʵԼһķҳǸ׻ɱԼջȻĻʧһĸһŷĵĽ͡
죬ôֱ̬ͨʱ뱣ֲסˣ֪ӵͨĹŷ磬ȻԼӻ䣬Ҫɱܡ
͹ŷʵǿߣҲֲ̫ˣԿսЩΪµĸ޵еǿˡ
ŷ絭һЦһĵӡֻйŷԼǹ˵Ϣġ
ڣʵʱ򣬶һٷֵʵҪóһٰʮָ˿Ϊƣֻڱ˵ǿˣܹЩ˼ɵ۸顣
ǹŷĿģǳ򵥡
ҲšͻȻ˵ȻʧٴγֵʱѾڹŷǸ³ֵķԱˡ


1972 ȫ뿪
ᣬֱһ£֮أŷɱȥһƬǬ飬֮䣬һƬӿ
Сģ֮Ǻ¹ŷԿΪ֪֮ǿ󣬱Էˡ
ʵѰǿеǵˡ
ŷ絭һЦǺ⣬һֻĳײһһ죬ŷ絹ˣɫ֮УһĨЦݣһ£ɳȥ
ʲô֮ʵһְˣŷƵ٣ֻ΢һܣܹܵıʡ
ԣҪ͹ŷսʱռϷ磬ǲܵ顣
壬˳ȥŹŷ񣬳š
֮ĵƣ˻֮ãʹԼԸ޵еǿߣҲһ㻹֮ûеġ
ڣŷȴһִݻ֪
֮ڹŷǰһôûУֻԣһ㶼δѹƣ˾Ե·硣
ָоǳҪ쳤Х
Ϊʲôŭ
ֻǻ֮ѣû֮е޵Сŷ絭˵
һǵߣһֻǵϣֱ֮ӱ˳Ȼ󱻹ŷ
һĻɫѿ˼㡣
ףԼԵһʲôӵˣһ̬һ⣬νĳʶڹŷϣƵġ
߰ɣʱɱǣ߻䣬ĻͲҪңҵޡŷ絭˵ȴǿƵ˼㡣
ǶЩ𺳡۹ŷǳʲôĿģ˵ĻģǶܹŷ˵˼㡣
Ŀ˹ŷһۣͷȻֱ뿪
Ҳһʹˣ֪ֱģֱӴ·ѾܹˣֻܹӴ
뿪Ҳָˡŷ罫ĿͶ׶ˣٶʱ׶һѵŷҪԼ˵鷳Щ
Ҫٴ⣬֪ҪʲôҿԸǣǸǲܵõģҪƾǿʵһεغƽ٣ȻĻͺһ𣬶Կɱŷ絭˵
׶ǶһۣԷеأڹŷĻҲеˣϾԹŷʵϣŷ粻֪ܲȻ˵ĻͿ϶㹻İҵġ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ׶ͷȻǣһ뿪
Ĵǿ뿪ŷɨһһۣǸطɫأ֪Լ˱ŷ緢ˣ֮δҴԼǸԼһӡ
ߡ
˵׼뿪
˳ԾЩɻ
ŷѾˡ̲סЦ˵
Ļ˳ԾصôãȻˡǶǿ˵ĻԲдȻ˵ŷ緢ԼˣǾͿ϶ˡ
ߡڣԸ͹ŷײ
ʵϣ˹ŷղŵı֣˭Ը͹ŷײǿҲֻԼ֮еһҲܹסŷ磬ǲС
ǻȮӰֱʤŷ̫ˣԽ˸Цɫ֮Щɬ
ŷʵ˵һ־޴ĴԼ룬Ҫȡʤףοףˡ
һ濴ŷʵԶԶԼġ
û뵽СȻҲľ˾˰ɣǺȣ̫ԶˡЦ
ǲˣҿЩǰ֣Ҳδܹŷ£ʵ̫ǿˣˣǻ߰ɣҸоŷе㲻ͷˡѿЦ˵
ݣǹŷֵܵĶӣȻϹŷľ˾ˡ
ֻǣŷȻ˦һ˾˵ģر˾ˣе㲻˼
ȻҲһ㣬ҲоԼû뿪һѹԽԽǿң߽ӽ
΢΢ҡͷȻ˵ߡ
Ȼ߰ͬʱҲԸ͹ŷӲ
뿪ʧ
ŷЦһ˵Ӭڶ뿪ˡ
ذħͷǵɫȴе㲻ÿ飬ǷǳˣȻһ󱲻ܣ˵һ־޴Ĵ
ȻҲһˣһ·̫ʤԸͲǺˣֻ΢һ£ָ
ʵȻزˣ޵еıԣٵˡ̲ס˵
Թŷڵı֣ȻʵѾ̤˸޵Ǹˡ


1973 ϲ
ŷͷЦ˵ҴδĹʹһսҲаƴֻԼ϶ҲҪشѣڣѾʧȥҶֵʸ񡣡
һѾ̤޵еǿߣȻŷ˵ûʸΪĶ֣̲סһ
Ȼǵ꣬ûǣԸ޵еǿߣҪóľ񣬺ͶԷһս
Ϊ̤޵еǸǿߣһǵУʹո̤ȥҲҪԴ
쾳У޵УѾ֮ǿˡ
ŷ磬ڴ㻹ﵽʲô硣̲ס˵
Ȼ̤ʥǾʮŷһΪʥ򷨣ҪǿĶࡣ
һһ̤쾳۷ľ֮ʵǶôľˣ
ѡ
ŷ³֡
ĿģҲȥɡҪ֮ϣܹԵػ档
ŷûҰģһֱֻҪһ԰ԼĺԼŮˣĵУе飬ܵв
ǹŷһ磬Գ֮Ϊá
ǣҪﵽȴʵ̫ˣΪ֮䣬вǵأʵ̫ˣȻ޷Ȼ
Ҫﵽ԰ȫƿԼĺܱ˵İΣŷҪľԼӵоԵʵ
ѣذħЦǶһۣԷеĿɬЩϹ֪˶Ŭǳ֮·ȴδͨͲСȻĻ֮䣬Ҳһ
ȻŬѾûбȻܹɹˡ
ԣŷĻֻ֮ǿЦ
ҲᶨǽʧˣûгɹͬĻͬȴ˲
˷·𿴼ԺĹŷ磬δͻƣѹ֮£һȻʧȥ˵ĺ顣
Ⲣϡ棬ǷǳпܵģΪΪ޵ˣδɹ˵·ߵ˼㣬ŷҪͨʵ̫ˡ
ǵӣǲ̫ңŷˡ
ͷЦ̫ˡ
˵һ·߲ͨŽδٸ˽ܣ˶УҪͨ·ǶʧˡذħҲЦ
ŷȴҡҡͷ˵ʧˡҲʧܣΪҺǲһǽŷ硣
ŷɫ֮У͸һţȻ˵Ƕ̫ηˣҪͨ·˭ңҾͷ˭ȻҲһҲκˣվҵĳ·ǰ
ĻذħһۣͻȻһָоҲŷĺпܣô꣬δɵĿꡣ
ã㣬ϣܹɹ˵
ŷȴҡͷ˵ϣܹɹұضܹɹѣеôѡ
ŷĻذħ𣿷Ƕδͻƣһ޷ǵ
ˣȲ˵Щסˣ޵֡ŷ˵꣬Ȼֱʧ
ذħӦʱ򣬹ŷѾ뿪ˡ
ʹǣ޷ŷϢ
кǸ޵УҪùˣŷȥ鷳϶кùӳԡ
ս۶ԹŷвûеģΪ˺ŷһﾫĺ͹һûдԿ̣ȥѰҵ֣϶ʮİա
սۣвŷ硣
һŽ֮У鰧һȺūۣǶδڹؼʱ뿪飬Ϊܾ硣еǿռ磬ūǡ
ͬʱǿߣҲͬ
սۺǿߵĹϵǷǳĺãһͬūۼ硣
޵֣ʮ꣬͹ŷһսʱˣаգһɫ۵ӿڣѯһߵ޵С
޵пһۣ˵ŷ粻϶ѣֻǿʦ֮ϣһ꣬һսνİռֱһЦɱ
޵еĻǸǿ̲סЦ˳˵޵д˺úǸŷʵͦǿģٱҪǿöֻ࣬Ǻ޵дȣͲ̫ˣӦ˵ûκοɱԣ޵дʵ޵д˵Ķ֡
㵹Ǻ۹⡣޵пһۣ˵
л޵д˿佱ʵӦ˵޵дʵǿ󣬸µһĶѡǸǿ˵
޵йЦڱ˵ʵǷǳܵġ
ΪƽʱԼʦһԣлԼģͽʦ޵Ȼһ޵еǿߣȴĴûĻ޵к϶ЩƮˡ


1974 
֮пЦ޵оɵưɡһĴһɹƻԵħ
ʱǸǿߣɫ̲סͷ˵治֪޵ɵƣôģȻϲô¶Ƕĵƨ֪ս۽̳һͽܣ᲻ҪҾһƺӡ
ǿߵĻ޵жʱɴ۾ȻŭĶǸǿߡ
¡Ң
޵дһ
¡Ңһ𣬶ʱѹ뵽Լղ˵Ļ¡Ңɫһףֱӹ޵˵Ҳǹģղ˿ң˵ĻͲҵ
Ȼ˵¡Ңȴаһ亹û뵽ԼΪһ쾳۷ǿߣȻǸ޵еĴڣǾȻܹŻԼ־ֱЩš
¡Ң˵ʵ϶ԶԶ֮ϡ
޵п¡ҢһۣһʱĽ͡
һ¡Ң̲סе뵽ȻһɵƣһӶûС
ɲ˵ǰˣȻһɵƣҪɱǺ׵ġ¡ҢɲΪһ㣬Լ޵иɵ̫ˡ
װŪļһҳ޵غĿɨΧҪҳǸ˵䡣
ܿϧʹʵǿҲҲǸˣ޵еɫѿԼߣ˱ˣԷ˭δҵе̫ˡ
С󱲣޵дڣҿ㻹ֳܹʲôϽһߵ¡ҢҲ˵Ǻ޼ˣͻȻͨԻסŲ˵ղŵĻһ޵ŭԼɵˡ
ԣڰеǸˣ¡ҢǺ֮ǡ
³ǡǸ𣬴һĨм
Ҳ֪ϣʲôȸ޵Ҫӿ£߿һ޵еǿߵġ¡ҢЦһİȻ
ô˵ﶼ޵һ޵еǿߣʵ¡Ңʲô¡
¡ҢĻ޵¶ȻɫɨܣȻ󱳸˫֣Ȼһ˵ӣðеĹŷһЦ
޵һʵȻǿ󣬵Ǹּʶʲôģȴǳ٣ϸûǿߵȺǡ
ʱľٶԵЩײ࣬˸оһһ
ҵĶ֡ŷ絭˵
˭˵˵ҲĶ֣ҾͲĶˣһЦǲͷ¶β󱲣ͳһս޵аȻ˵
һ㶼ģǿߣȻʵǺ׵ġ
ң޵֮УȻֻǸոս룬ȴģܹһǿߣȻʦ޵ȫֵ£ҪֻǺ׵顣
˵㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ絭˵֮УȻһЩʧ
޵ŭһﵽ˭˵˰죬ȴδֻ֣һ˵Լ
ֳһս޵ЩŭˣðŻɨܣҪ˵ҳ
ߣҿһ󱲣һս޵д˵ǲҪ⣬󱲣˵ֱһЦֻڰ˵һЩԼ˵Ļʵȴûеġ¡ҢЦ˵Ȱ޵С
ʵϣҲڼŭеĵˣöԷ֡
ҲΪһ󱲣ûʸ񡣡޵˵꣬Ҫת뿪
ǺǣԸҳһսŷ𣬶ˣѾ޵еǰ
㡣޵һȻû뵽ǸڰеˣȻǹŷ硣
޵бЦмĶŹŷ磬˵ҵһսʮ֮ѵôȲҪ
㣬õȵǸʱ򣬽ұնɱġŷ絭˵
ŷĻ޵һ㶼̲סЦ˳ʦͶλǿߵı£һ꣬û뵽㾹ȻôȲȻˣҾͳȫ㡣
Ȼ޵ҲŭˣҪϧһдۣնɱŷ硣
ʹԷʦԼ鷳޵Ҳ£Ϊǹŷƻصġ޵д򲻹սʣս۶أ޵еʵʦͽһ֣ȻսҲǵĶ֡
һ֮޵ԵЩ޼ɵ
ܹɱҵˣûгأҲԺһֱҿȷһ飬ǽ죬ˡŷɨһ磬Щ鱻ūۣһԹ졣
ⶼ޵ɵģŷΪۣԼΣȥЩ顣


1975 ѹ޵
ŷĻǸ޵¶Ūɫ̲סŹŷ磬˵̫ˣҵһμˡţƻ𣿡
ڴţƣŷ̲סʵ
޵еͷɫȻ쳣Լжϡ

һֻץס޵УȻֱӽ˳ȥ
˵ľУ޵ֱӱһɽ棬ɽˡһĻסˣ˭û뵽ǿ޵УȻסǰӵһֱӱɣʲôʵ
ŷ磬ⲻǾֻǣ˵ŷʵ޵Уս
ǰȴеȫһ
ŷ֣һ޵һͷһ޵еǿߣȻֱ֣ڳʿȫɫŹ֡
ŷʵеô޵еʵҲδؾͱȹŷǿ飬ȫϣŹŷ磬ϣŷܹ޵Уͷϵߣȫߡ
Щӣʵܹˡ

һŭԶ޵֣Źŷ磬ŭɱ졣
ҷŭˣҪ˭ˣȲˡ޵ֻ֣ЩǱĿ֮𣬶ڹŷϣɱ죬ȥɡŷ絭˵ٴλһֻ֣Ҫ޵ѹ
޵ŭ֮Уһбŷֺ˹ȥ
޵вԼǹŷĶ֣ҪǿƵķܹŷ硣
ײ޵еѡ
磬죬һַǳµľ񷣬ȫȻ󻨳һŷɱ˹ȥ
Ȼһĸ޵еսǿߣӲ޵еһС
ǹŷȴˣ֮УƲ࣬ɽ棬ǹŷȴһ˶ûУһ̣޵бɫΪŷű齣Ƽ
ҿ
޵дҪסŷĴ֣ȴʧˣٴαŷһƣС
Ǿ˵һĻ޵ǿ󣬵ǴʱȴǹŷĶ֣ѹȥ
ǵһһĻȴǹŷʵ֣ڵʵȻѾԽ޵С
޵Խܣٴγ
䡣
ŷٴγ֣޵ѹ
ûɱ޵еȴһһεѹΧ˶̲סɴ۾Ǹ޵УǺųƸ޵еǿôͲǾ۵Ķ֣Եѹˡ
¡ҢһĻһû뵽龹Ȼչһ
ŷʵŰ޵СϢǴȥԻᾪܶǿߵӣϾŷ֮ǰΪʲôӣոս쾳ʱѣ϶ûдﵽ쾳۷壬ڹŷʵʵе̫ˡ¾һⶼûУ޵ҲδǹŷĶ֡
һѹ޵ϰٴˡŷ綼û뵽һԸ񣬾Ȼ˼ͣһֱڣûз
ˣǺģֻܿϧ֮Ϊ˵ˡ
ŷ磬ҳѹƣҲŹġ޵ŭ
ʱģޱȣ˻ԡѪȻӲ˹ŷôܵ˺ص˺
ûлˡŷ絭˵
ŷĻ޵һ£һҧЦҪɱңҾͿ϶ûлˣҲ
ΪʲôŷЩȣһôô϶Լɱ֡
ʵϣŷ֮ǰҲ޵ɱģһ飬Ҫס
ǵòʧģŷ粻顣
Ϊ㲻һٴȱˣǺǣҼˣΪЩϵ㲻ִսҪסЩϵһ飬޵Ц˵
˵˽ˣѣĵˣŷͻȻã仰˵ĺܲ
ڹŷ˼ˣ⡣
һ˫Ӷ޵еϣŷЦӦһһ
˵
ɫ֮¶һĨϲɫ޵б;ãԼĻеͨ
ŷҲҪҪ޵е˵˵ɡ
뿪磬׼ūЩ顣ŷ絭˵뷨ܼ򵥡
ܡ
ɫ΢΢һ䡣޵ֱ˵
ӣŷ絭ʵ
޵ɫѿȻ磬ΪǲҲԵ⸽ļ֡
һֱ׼հԼΪǿߡ
ǴʱŷȴһҪҪǱҪ޵пܻӦһ㣬޵ȴԲҴӦ
Ϊı󣬲ֻһǿߣʦս۵ˣҲڵȴϣԵ
ԣ޵вá


1976 Ϣ
ӣǸˣŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫֣ɱңҲûκôҲǰѣΪˣںءҡҡͷ޵˵
ŷһȻܹµ޵пиˣһЩʲôˡսָ߶ȵǿߣǰŷҲɵǴʱ߶ȣȥԵЩˡ
Σŷ絭ʵ
ŷĻ޵΢΢ɫ˹ŷ˼Ȼһ㶼ɵʦˡ
޵Щ˼飬ȻŷܹѹǺʦһսȴһǶ֡
Ͼ޵еʵͲԼʦսּǿߣֶκսǳܹġ
ŷ磬Ϊʵе㱬ˣԼܹסʦǸǿ𣿡޵Цʵ
˭Ҫһսҹŷ綼㡣ŷ絭˵󣬵ȴ޵л
ŷǸ𰸣ȻսۣŷҲ޾塣
ܡ
޵еһԼŷ磬˵ŷѾԼʦǸΣͲš
ûʲôܵģǶδоѵһ֤𣿡ŷЦ˵
ŷĻ޵лȻɫѾ˹ŷ˼磬Ȼˣʦսۣ޷쵽
˵ʲô˵ŷʵԲʦˡ
ٸһѡĻᣬ״𲻴Ӧŷٴʵ
޵ɫȻǳѿǻֱ˵ܴӦ
¡Ңɫѿܵ޵еĻһ䣬ŷˣɱ졣
ӦҴӦȷҡ¡Ң󺰵ŷ翪ڣҪŷԼ
ˣŷһת
ݺݵͷ¡Ң˵ǱͬԴԣ۴˷СģСԺԲκ鷳
¡Ңͷ޵ŭ
޵еĻ¡ҢЩ޳ܵ˵ϣûʲôͷӲͷģ޵ͷǺӲǵ󣬲һ¡ҢȻͷעܹܳʱ䡣
¡ҢĻ޵ɫ֮ǲмͱġ
۴ˣֻҪңһһϢ¡Ң۾һתͻȻ˵
Ļ˵޵ɫʱˣŭ¡ҢҪ˵ɡ
Ǻǣھ۵ǰҪɱң²ܰɡ¡ҢЦ
޵ɫѿֱӳɱ⣬¡Ңɱ˹ȥ
¡Ңɫ䣬Ͻ۴ˣϽҰɱҵĻͲ֪Ǹˡ
ŷ翴޵һۣ˫ȭӡʥ죬ֱӺ˳ȥ
ɱ飬޵дڿѪ˺ԶĿɭȻ¡ҢϣȻٴɱ˹ȥ
⵹ùŷˣ޵оȻϢŷȻҵ֪һ˵ѶϢ
뵽ŷٴγֻ֣ؽ޵סϵתУͣ
޵˻ͻֻص棬ȫڲҪһǣβǲơ
һĻ¡Ңڷˣĵߵŷǰ˵۴¸޵С
˵Ǹܡŷ絭˵
ú¡ҢϻһﲻʲôöٶƨŷӡҲԺò
ӣ¡ҢȻҲ˹ŷԼһ㶼ûв˼ɫһ˵Ǽǿ֮еĴԵӦþͳ֮УǲŰռ磬ͨ⼸飬ѰǸԵ
ŷһû뵽νĴϢȻ
ˣѵɱ㣬ҿûдӦ˵ϢҾͷ㡣ŷ絭˵
ŷĻ¡Ңһ㶼ģ̲סЦ˵۴ˣȻдǣҲף˵Ϣֻܹ֮۴ˣȻҴӴڿҵ֮УֻͲмԼһǳõ¡
һ¡ҢĽǸϢ˵˳޵дŭŭ¡Ң֮Уɱ⡣
ǵҲ˶ɵļһãң۴˵Ĺ콾ĵλҪеĶˡ¡Ң˹ŷһۣǳ˵
ŷЩ⣬ܹ¡ҢĻǷĵġһͽôܺܿͶˣŷĿ˸
۴ˣ϶ɻ󣬵¡Ңȴף۴ˣΨһѡˣҲҪţǴɱ޵УҲˣǲɱ޵УҸҪֻиڴߣһ·¡Ң˵
ŷû˵ֻǴһ⣬û¡ҢС


1977 ɱ޵
¡ҢδܣȻ㣬¡ҢԼֻҪڶ㿪ˣֻһ֣Ǿ
¡ҢʶУŷ絭˵ħ󷨣ҾԵĿ㣬һҷң֮䣬ͻᱻɵңҲᱻɱɣֻҪˣҲˡ
ŷĻ¡Ң̲סһħ󷨣ʵ̫ˣԵĿһˡ
¡Ңһ㶼ˣҲұѹŷ磬ֻҪһҪȥ־Ҫŷƿء
Ȼֳ㹻ҳϣһ⿪ħ󷨣һжԼˡŷ絭˵
ŷĻ¡ҢһŷʾԼĳȻŹŷ磬˵ˣģԻôһġ
ŷ粻ÿɷ޵Уɫ֮дһĨζ
ȻѾ֪ܣҲûʲôôˡȥˡŷ絭˵Ҫնɱ޵С
öԷ뿪ڣ뷨ȴܹʵʩˡ¡Ң˵ģ޵УҲ뿪ġԣŷҪģնɱ޵Уֵʵ
νĴԵŷҲţ˵һ԰ƿشԵ˿ĶԵĿ¡
ŷȻԸĶ˵СңҪǵõΣҲȫˡ
ԣŷ֪Ϣ֮ѾһҪԵ
޵һǿսնɱ֮󣬹ŷһ֡
ΪôɱȼձԴնɱǰĵˡ޵д𣬾ȻȼԼĴԴ
ϵϢ˲ǿʢ˲֪٣ʱ޵У£е⻯һ趯
ߣȫ޵ƿأ
ʱ޵УսԲ֮ǰܹȵġ
ŷ磬㻹ܹɱ𣿡޵Цӹŷ磬ʱǿ޵жһָоȻԼʦҲ壬һս
ǵѣս˵ʵҪɱ㣬練ơĸ֣ŷһһġ
޵гУŷˡ棬ȫ££޵УҪ׾ɱ
Ǵʱ޵УȴЦһֱӳ֣ǿӿȻֱӺֻء
˳ս죬Ȼŷ֡
սȭ
޵дʩչսȭһ޵е־졣
ŷȴҡͷνսȭȷʵܿ£ȴʺ޵У޵Ȼֽ޵УȴûԼʦսֺɨ޵еǣ򲻳һȭܡ
ʥȭ
ŷ翪ڣʥȭȫڹŷȭͷתһ޴ȭӡսȭȥ
۵ĹâȫǽɫģȫûǬ飬硣
һ̣ʱ䣬ֹͣһһУޣֻӰնɢ񱩵Ϣ
սȭе˼ŷЦ
˼ģںء޵дЦٴŷ˹ȥ
ߡ
ŷһֱӺȳһֶϻꡣ
ۡ
޵Ȼȼ˴ԴǴʱȻˡ
Ԫȼ棬ǹŷȴ֪޵ԴϢȴڼ١ȼմԴվһ޵ģιѹ˹ŷĻ޵оˡ
ʶһ㣬޵ż飬ȴδһ
챬Ѫ⣬ȫȼ޵еԪȼյĸӳˣѪһһѪɫĽ⣬ŷ綴ȥ
ͬ˵һһȼԪѪ⣬Ȼɹɱ˶֣޵ҲҲҪˡ
޵ȴڣʹ֣ŷҲɱԼƴһأҲҪùŷ縶ۣпܻɱŷ硣
ͨ
ŷ̾һûеֱӻȻȫȭӡɱȥ
ȥڣδʱյͬǿޱȣ˵ײһ
һ̣ŷ綼˳ȥڿѪǰһӡһŷԪ֮ʴȥ
䣬ŷ΢΢Щȡ
ģ˶ԴҪǹŷ磬Ҳһҽɣһ㶼ġ
ȼգҽİ£ֱӽ˳ȥ
ڲԶ޵УһĻֱ֮ӵɴ۾ôҲû뵽ԼѾʩչˣȻɱ˹ŷ硣
Ҳʰ޵дȻԪʼ顣
Ҳʱ򣬹ŷоںԼķ
սۡŷЦһȻ˵ٴδһ޵гĨɱ
䡣
ƣս۳˽


1978 սս
ܵеϢʱ۾ֱӺˣŹŷ磬ɱҵĵӡ
ŷ翴սһۣ˵һ㶼һ
ս۳Х۾ŭŹŷ磬ڣδɱ㡣
ʧȥԼĵӣսۺŹŷ磬˵죬Ҫҡ
ûǸʵŷ絭һЦ
սЦֱһŲŷϲ˹ȥ
һ־Ե裬Ϲŷ磬֮ϡ
¡ҢеţڱŷֶΣϣŷ类ɱˣĻҲɡ
ŷδʧһսۣȻֱһڿˮһӣ
䡣
ս۵ĽţŷĿˮײһüͷˮ飬ǹŷҲᣬе뿪Ĳ̤Χڡ
ԣǳİȻȺ
ֻǣʱսɫȴѿŷֻǳһΣʶ飬ý
ŷʵ֮¡
սδ뵽ģŶ꣬ŷزֱЩ˼飬ͬʱҲЩŭԼĴ⣬ĻĵӣҲ
ҪɱңûԼеô򵥡ŷɫ֮У΢΢Щ
һСΪ磬ܹ£ҽ͸㣬νĸ޵Уûеô򵥡սЦ۳һѳȻֱ䣬ûκμɣȴŷһ޷ܵĸо
Ϊ콣޷ܣɡս˵֮У˺⡣
ܶܣҾֱƿ
ŷɫƽһȻϢȴȻ챻ŷֱ콣ײ

һ죬ŷȭͷϳһѪۣȴ˲޸Ǹ콣ֱӱ飬ս嶼̲ס˼
УԼʩչΪľܹסҵֶΣֱ̫ˡս˵
ŷ翴һۣͻȻ¶һĨЦݣ˵ҴδҪסֶΡ
ߣ㻹֪һ˭ǿ˭սЦɫȻΪŷ˵ղŵĻʵԼ
ҴĶնɱ㣬סֶΣΪԼ˭ҴûнУսۺսҿʦֱǶһ裬ûǸʸ񡣡ŷЦ˵
˵ʲôս۴ŭ
ŷƲƲ죬м˵˵ʲô㶼ףһ鳣İ鳣ҪʦȣֱһЦ
ŷɲ֪ʲô飬һ仰ս˵Ŀѣȸղ֪ԼͽܱɱҪŭء
ʵϣսһֱһĽᣬȻսǺܶȴ˵Զսʣûսָս
ŷ˵Ļսܹŭ
ս۽ɨšս۲˵ȴˣ˺أᴩ˹Ž񣬻һĹ⣬ɱŷ硣
ŷһ֪һҵֱʥӡȥɫĹâƬ·ȫˡ

һ죬ŷǰһѪ⣬˱һ㱻塣սޱȣЦǲֻ࣬Ҫ˵սʲңҾͷ㣬Ϊս۵ĵӣս۵²
ڸղŵʱսѾ뵽˴սʵķֻҪŷսʲһʦͺ˵һˡ
սһۣŷϣ¶̵ɫ
ֻǻһ¶ѣ˭ô˵һս֪𣿱һһڣȴһŷ˵ûм˵ȥ
һʲôȻ֪ŷ粻˵ûս۵Уǳ˺档Ҫ֪ڹŷУԼʱһʲôӵĴڡ
һɵơŷЦ
սɫ࣬ٴλһѽŭŷ磬ԼϧţҪΪĵӣڿһҪҾͳȫˡ
ϻ̫ˡŷЦˣ£ﻯһƬ׺սû
ССԱ˵һöûСս۳ſһ֣Ц˵
û뵽սʵĵӣȻֻһֶΣǸ߹սˡսм
ŷƲƲ죬м˵ʦҲ֪֪һʦ𽻳ӣŰ޵УĲ֪ʲôԽġ
ŷ˵ʹսɫڣŭҪ
⻰˵˲֪ٱˣ˵ĲûأңҪҲң㡣ŷ˵꣬ٴγ


1979 ɱ
ʵȥս۵콣
һּԵֶΣ쳣ˣս˹ȥ
Ǭֳ룬ֻһʵ֮˸ɭȻĺ⣬ɱսۡ
ˡսЦ
Ȼ˵ȴһ㶼ҵʩչ콣ŷĻʵײȫը֮ϡ
񷣬ѾٵĲˣϵ飬ȴδʲôˣŷ֣Щ֮ϣЩ飬ûܵ
һĻսЦԼսȻЩ飬ŷʵ̫ˡҲãʶŷʵ֮ս۾Щֹ֪Լܲʤŷ硣
ڣȴˣΪս۾ãŷ绤סЩ飬ԸֽţŲ˴սĻͲκսʤս۵Ļᡣ
ŷȻҲս۵뷨Цɫȴ쳣ء
߼ս֮ϣһ˲ʮͨԿó൱ǹŷĵԱսҪ࣬Ϊ˼Ŵϵ飬ÿһγ֮󣬶Ҫȥ
ڹŷ˵Ǻܲһ顣
ʿЩ˿üͷиж
ܾۣǴʱȴάǣȻʯĳҪжرִս֮УԷǿ֮һŷȫԸδܹսʤǼûκλʤϣˡ
뵽Щ΢ǿһʿ󺰵벻ù˼ҵȣնɱսۣȻˣҲ޺ġ
ʿĻЩ鶼ڴ󺰣޺
Ƕ֪ŷΪԼԭʩչֽţԸԼùŷȫ֡
Щϵ塣սɨЩһۣһЦ
ٱĳЩͽˣһ㶼ĵҪǿˡŷ̵˵
սɫһ䣬һٴμӽ˹ơ
ŷȴ壬ľ޴󣬵һֱսڣŷȴδһ֡ͣĳ֣սӲ˼ս϶ЩѪ
͡
ŷ֣һһ㽫ս۵򶼿
սŭɫ죬ſͻһŷ嶴
пˣûˢˣŷȻˣȻűӣһĵ˵
ʲôˢսüͷ
Ż
ŷһ˳ϼһѵ֪ʲôˢ𣿵ȻʵҲʵﵽһľ磬ƬȾһطɾ˼㡣ʵ˵ڳսһ㶼ûˡ
ˣ׳գҲ֪ģɱŷûнͣûǸ
˼սǽɱײһͨ£ʼԾһսۣһսʵӣʦһǿеǿߡ
ӲңǲͣرУѪȾȫ
ŷǱӴܳȥȻѪת϶ΪһսۣҲģͷ­ŷ˺üΣһɱԪ
һսգ˹ŷϡ
ģΪеδʩչȻŷҲףеδʩչսҲһ
սڣȻʮ㣬Լܡ
䡣
Ƕһƣ֮УɱⱬȻͬʱˡ
ŷըѪģɫѪ䣬ɢʥϢ
ߡ
ŷһѪתûУȻڿٵ޸
սҲһָըѪģȹŷ绹Ҫһ㡣սЩš棬Ȼŷ磬·硣
ܣ࣬мܹұȼ硣սԼǿһ棬׷ˣѹƣս˵һ䲻Ըŵ顣
ߣϣûʲôǾԵģȻǿ󣬵ȴңһʵȻţҲܸıʵŷЦ
ɱ㣬ҾܹıʵˡսĿڹŷϡ
һɱ˹ŷ磬󱲣ʵ̫ˣǹŷûɱ޵У֪ŷ޵ı֮սҲŹŷ硣
е߹Լˣɱ㣬Ҳ߹ԼˣҲɱҡŷɫƽɨսһۣ˵
¡Ң漤֪Լˣŷڱǿı֣պĳɾ֪ͣ
Ҫ֪ŷȻ쾳վδ̤쾳۷壬кܴĽռ䡣
һŷʶܹ֮УԵ޵Сһˣǰ;˼㡣


1980 
һɱ㡣ս۵ͷȻϿ˹ŷ˵
ŷʵ̫ǿˣȻҪϿɣܡ
㻹а֡ŷһ
ȻΪսʵĵӣȻܴһ߳Źŷ磬ɫ֮дһĨ̾˵ܹս۴һƽ֣ʵҵˡ

ŷ³֣Ȼɫÿǹŷȴûκλš
ˣҪɱңδؽҹŷ翴̫˰ɡŷЦȻһͲںӡ
һСҪʧˣΪһģĻһ߳
һ£ƽȴһ˾ηϢֻҪһˣʼע⵽ˣͻܵϢܵɢİ
Ǻˣŷʵ
뵽һ죬Ĵ޵еǿ֣߳һˣδ˿¾λ޵еǿˡ

Էڣ˵Լֻ֣һ֣ǾǾ
һҪ޵ǿˣսȣһ㶼ڣǿΧŷ磬Ȼŷս۵ʵҲ൱
ǴΧŷʵ
һ޴вɱ㣬ǱҪõԵĮ˵
λѣһ֣ɱСϢ©ȥս˵ĵģϢ©
ԼͽܵȻۣȴۣܵôһĹֺ˺ܶࡣ
ϾͽˣңԵʧȥˣ¾Ͳˡ
ԣսҪģǻɱŷ磬Ϣ©
Ȼﵭ˵
ҲͷˣŷΧס
¡Ңɫû뵽鵽󣬾Ȼı仯޵еǿߣһΧɱŷ磬ԲǶ֡
ŷһˣ¡ҢҲҪ
¡ҢãԼȷѡ񣬵ȴãԼѡ񣬿ҪԼˡ
ŷɫ䣬Χм䣬ǳƽ
ΪĻ𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
˻һĮ˵ϻö˵ʲôֶΣʩչ򲻹ǣҪ
仰˵úܸɴ࣬ŷҭùǺ
ŷ̲סҡͷСֹûò֪ҵĴôӵģѵ֪ϱ˵һǳò𣿡
ŷ󣬵ڳĶʲôˣһ˵ʲôɫһ¶ʲôˣеõһؼ˼ѵ·һ·ϲ֪˶ѪǣŴﵽ־磬Լǹ¶飬һֱǾĲֻҪͻŭ
ڣŷ˵ĻӴ̼˾Ϊûб˸Զھ˵ŷĻֱһ룬ϡ
𡣡ֱӳ֣һͨ
޾Ϣӿŷ֣Ȼڳȡŷ𾪵ķ֣ʹʵвԴй¶ȥ
˵ֱЩ˼顣Ҫ֪ЩԴڹŷ˵㲻ʲôǱչȥǾͲһˡ
ơ
ŷһֻתֱֻ֮Щ֮
ǲǱ˳ٴûŷ嵱С
ЩֶΡЩԾڹŷ׽ԼͨƵǳĳԾ
ңŷ绹ʧȥ°˻ȥþЩ˼ˣֶΣս۶ûС
䡣սҲ֣콣գնŷ硣
һһЦһʮֽͣŷ¡
һ֣ŷܴѹ
죬Ѫ⾧Өʣ󶼱ŷ˳ȥһͷ˹
䡣
ŷ絹ɳȥһڽɫѪ˳˵һˡ
ŷ磬㲻ˣ֣ȻʦҲҪο㣬㻹վҪֿǸɵɣĻ㻹ܹʹһ㡣սЩ˵
Զ٣ҾҪսףң֪ˣҲˡŷվͬһ㣬Цɨˡ
ŷа֣ǿߵĵһӦȴãе㲻ܣǿߣǲܰŷġֻһǿߣǶս֮Уܹŷ絽Ҳҵ֡
һ塣ŷһһģһ˳֣ȫɢϢ
ӵк͹ŷһʵǶսˣս졣
ս΢΢ɫŷ绹ֶΡ
ӵйŷ籾սǿߣͷˡ


1981 սǿ
ֲùŷˣȻֶΣ֣Ȼܹɱŷ磬ǵ³Ҳòȥ
뵽ǿɫѿ
ǿɸһսŷʡ
Ŀңս졣ʱһǿߣ˿öԷ
ߣһͨѣҵҪ֪ܹǿս೤ʱ䡣ЦûзĴ㡣
ĻŷЦ˳˵Ĳ˵ɱ㹻

ŭֱӳ˹ȥ
սۺ򱻾ľٶһû뵽Ȼ˳嶯ȥˡ
ҪסѾˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷЦһͷһ֣Ҫ£ŷ磬ȫǷ죬ǬֿµԴݻһС
˲ѹˣɫ䣬Ȼˡ
ʱսҲ˹ȫֿ֣
䡣
ӰȫɳȥŽһ飬Ȼ¡ҢҲܻס磬ϾŷһˣԽ֪٣ʱӲһܹסġ
ؼʱ̣ŷһ֣ûһ
֣ˡŷЦˡ죬ʱȻ֮УΪǿǿߣҲһ㶼壬Ϊ㹻ĵ
սǶڶԷ֮У˻ں޵ɫǵ굨Ӵһ㣬ŷɱҲվǰҰˡ
λѣҪκԥˣɱСȻĻҪΪǵˣ֮ìܣɵͣǲҪһ㡣˺
֮ìܣɵͣɱŷ磬ʳѰ˵
սҲɱ죬Źŷ磬˼ǳԡ
Ȼ˶Ҫڴʱɱŷ磬ٴαǿ󣬵ʱԹŷ磬Ҳûһᡣ
ϻôʲôְɡŷ˵
ŷĻЦٴγ˹ȥ
Ӱ֮мսŷһսǿߣˡ¡Ң̲סɴ۾û˭֪¡Ңе𺳡
ŷʱıֱ֣̫ˣսսˣ·磬ֶΣ˭ܹӵУֲùŷš
һȺ뿪籣סˡŷ¡ҢҪȫȫĳ֣Ծ͹˲Щˡ
ŷףԼһõĻҪսܣɲҪĽ
¡ҢжʱͻȻŭһ¡ҢҪ𣿡
һ£֮УΪǿĴڣʵҲ֮ʵʵ䡣Ȼ֮УбǿߣǶİŵġ
ԣ¡Ңʵ¡
Լԭϴ󷢻ˣ¡Ңʶֹͣ˶
ҵˣûйϵ¡ҢЩ뿪ŷЦ¡ҢԸһ䡣
¡Ңһ飬ʱӦˣŷԼϴ󣬶ǸѾǹȥʽˡ
ң¡ҢĻҲܷŹԼ
뵽¡ҢֱһָȻðлУ飬뿪
ŭҪȥɱ¡Ңǹŷһס޷ȥҪ޴Ĵۡ
ȻΪ˻ɱһͽǲġ
¡Ңնɱ˹ŷ磬ɡŭ硣
Ǿ͵ɱ˵ɡŷЦ˵
ɫѿһٴηΪ񱩵Ĺ
磬ڲͣعѣʹйŷ籣Ҳһ͵סǵ
գ磬һ֮Уʧ
ŷȻڴսͷޱȣսʱȻ˿û·硣
Ǵս֮УŷȫſֽšͨͣʩչǼս
綼ңлħ棬֮ܵ˵ǿ֮תߡ
ЦƣȻǻ֮ΪǿĴڣҲӣΪУοһĻħ
ŷ籾ͷȾѪˣһ˶սǿߣѹױȵģȻڹŷ˵Ҳһ־޴ĸɡ
ȻԷҲܣͬˣûѹƹŷ硣
һƾеս˭ҲѹƶԷ˵ɫ쳣ÿһսǵϣΪ֣Ҫŷ£һ£ǵֹ֮£ŷ϶Ų˶áʵǵϣһֱڣǶδռݰϷ硣
ĴزǶЩˣ֪ܲսʤŷ硣
ŷ纷ޱȣͱ嶼ڼɱս⣬ԽԽǿʢµ˼㡣


1982 ȸں
ǿߣȫ΢΢ɫʹΪսۣųս޵УǴʱҲ޷Ȼˡ
ŷϵս⣬ʵ̫ˣҼսزѾ˲٣ǹŷ磬ȴȸտʼҪ͡
һֱһսˣľ
ǿߣʱȫʧȥս⡣ǶһۣȻֱת뿪ˡ
ŷ磬δ뵽ǻľٶ
һ£Ѿȫ뿪
ŷһһȻص磬ݳֵĻڿûܹסǵǿߡ
뵽ŷϽ˻ȥ
صֻ֮¡ҢʱʵվһߵˣĶ¡ҢһҪ˵ӡ
ôˣŷЩȵһ䡣
ŷذħ˵еǿߣ˵£ǲţԿסʡʲôΣ飬ˣҲˣҪôɱ
ŷЦãذħԾԾԣ̲ס˵ɱʲôɱȷʵҵ£ոħ󷨣շһ¡
ԭذħͷ
Ҳһһ¡ҢļЦ˵ԭԼˣֵܲҪ⣬ҲֻǺǾʲôʧء
˲Դϵĺˮ¡ҢϽ˵⣬⡣
ȴ൱Źŷ磬û˵ôܶʩչħ󷨡ɫ֮У˲ȻԹŷΪǲˬ
ΪʲôУŷ練ʡ
һ֪ʲôöΪ飬ֱ̫Сˡ鲻ˬ˵ġ
ĻǸ¡Ңһ£ףԭʵԼŮˣȻҲǹŷµū͡
Ҽǵ㣬ǿߣǸŮǿߡĴһۣ¡Ң𾪵˵
ߡ
һȻʧ
ǺֶΡ¡Ң̾˵
ָı˳ƺȻԹŷūԾӡŷ翴һۣҲûֻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
һ÷ﰲģסһ飬ֻҪĸңҲԿģҹŷͱ˲һԼ˳Կġŷ翴¡Ңһۡ
ʵϣ¡Ңҳϣŷһ㶼ˣϾǱԼħ󷨿ƵģһһҪԼ¶ûֵ
ǵģˣҾԲᱳѵġ¡Ңǳ˵
ŷͷ˵ʲô
¡ҢһʿĴ£ȥҷȥˡ
ʲô˵νԵǸ֮УŷϢȫ̲סȡ
¡ҢӦǲƭҵģһеʱ޵кսǵı֣˵⡣ŷ˵
˵ĲܹǣΪĵطȻΣ֪ǵĿǴԵʵһж˵ˡЦ˵
Լ촽˹ŷһۣʵڸô죿
ȡŷ³һ֡
ΪʲôʵЩ˵һʹԵҲܱǵһʱõǺܲ
ʲôʱԵŷѯ
һ£ҡͷ
ĴδνĴԵֻ˵ѡ
ʵϣǿߣΪνĴԵĴڵġϾĴڵĻǿߣݺô꣬ôһ˿δҵ
õǸԵܹƿҿʲôˣݺһĿľΪΪʸ֮ġЦ
ʵһ뷨ڳˣ뷨
ʵҵ뷨һȴҲҿ϶νĴԵĲڵģȻпܴڣҾͲܹŹŷ˵
ΪʲôҪذħЩѯʡ
ܼ򵥣ԵԲô׵õģʹ֣ôҲ󣬼ȻˣǴǰ棬ȵԵ֮ǲ취ŷо˸
벶ȸں󣬹ŷִ㡣
ⲻʱɱһֲĿɿڴӣһеĶǳˬЦ
ǵʵܹõǸԵҲסɡذħɫ֮Щġ
һǲҪǸóʱˡŷɽ硣
ŷĿ⣬һ֪ŷʲô˼ֻû뵽ŷھȻҪǸ˴
ҪˣǼһﲻʡ͵ĵƣһ֣綼Ҫˡ̲ס˵
İɣеôçײڳ˯Ҫ鷳ûô򵥡ŷŵ˵


1983 ׼
Ǽһֱһ°ڵġЦ
֪ŷҪ˭ųԼһʵۣҪˣһ£Ŀ籩ꡣ
ҵͬŷ뷨ʵ㣬һȻӦǳ֣ǵԸ񣬳Ƿǳ飬Ȼһŷ磬ǷǳģֻԼʵܹ㣬Ǳųô£Ƕ˵Ǽġ
ذħ˵΢΢һ£Ȼ¶һĨЦϾеˣ󲿷ֶǵĵˣ£Ҳûʲôµġ
ذħĻڳ˶̲ס˵ͷ
˵һ֮е飬ˣȻ֮б壬ǶڹŷǣҲǳ˵⡣
Щ˱Ͳһڸˡ
ԣҪµĻֻҪԼһ鷳ô֣ǣֻкôûһ㻵
ȷʵˡ룬Ȼ˵
ãҾͽ۾ȳŷ¶һĨЦݡ
ŷ뿪ֱӽɽ硣ǿ߶Ĳ˼飬ʶˣۼսǺ࣬϶һ˺Ҹ
һ򣬶ʵӵǿˣϢ졣
ɽ磬ʵ̫ˣԣδַܵУЩĵˣʵжɽ;һ֮䣬˵ǣûбҪΪһСС磬ݹŷ硣
Ͼŷ統ʵĿõģսǿߣ˭˵ѹƹŷ硣
ңŷһ˼սս˵ϢѾ˳ȥ˶ż̲ס𾪣ⲻܣϾŷʵҲܻô죬һս޵еǿߣֱͬλһȻսʽ٣Ҳһ㣬ֵĶ֡
Ͼ֣˵޵еˡôǿƣ˼սĻҲҪĶӣȻɱҲǼǱġ
ǹŷ磬ӲĴһС
һˣսǿߣ·磬ʵסˡ
ǸСɳˡһص֮Уüͷһ壬Щ˵
ߣҪǳ֣һնɱǸСﻹн鷳һ˼սսˣһôġԪЩ𾪵˵
һۣҡͷ˵Щ飬㲻Ǻ˽⣬Ҳ˵ղŵĻֻҪ֪Ǹŷ磬ʱܹ
ʲôԪüܹ֪飬ôܡ
ƾõ£Ԫ¼飬ȫĻôԪе㲻
Ҳ仹Ҳ֪顣Ԫ˵
һۣϣ¶һĨЦϣ㲻֪أ¹䣬֪˶ࡣ
ĻôԪɫ΢΢һ䡣
йص飬ȻôԪƵǣȴһֲ࣬쳣ơ
ǴԪףȻǶצ֮ĵλȷʵźܴĲġ
ĵλȴԪҪߵĶࡣ
ˣҪôˣúñսǸˡоһЩȵ˵
˵Ԫ۾һ
ݺݵĵ˵ͷ¶һĨЦݡ
̫ˣǸǾͿǰˣʱʲôˣʲôǿߣȫҪԪ鼤˵ղŵһ㲻죬ȫʧˣʣµģּܹ
ǶһԵҪƾǸҪƿǼֱ̫ЦˡЦ
Ļ϶̲סԾ˼Ȼ֪ǸԵʲôһңǸԵûǴ˵еôа
ҪһЩͬ飬ȻĻǵʵռơһǱѹĵǸǿߣȻҲǸ޵оǿߣʱڣȴԪ飬Ҫз
Ϊһʱͷ˵˵ĲҪѴ󲿷ֵͬ飬뵽һս֮УǸԵ
ҸоˣǸ˵ԲǼģսüͷ˵˵оЩŭǹŷɱԼͽܣߵǿġ
Ǵʱսȴڵģ˵ʵ㡣
ܹһЩǿߣսһۣЦ˵
ս۵ͷûԥ
Ǻãս۵ˣ֮УһʵµǿߣοｫĿͶ
һۣ˵ȥ𡣡


1984 ټ
һ˵ʹսۣҲ̲סһһµļһ֮Уźܴ
ԣͽһսȻܣȴߡ
ʹսˣҲûСʵǺˣϵǿߣȻδôľԣҲȥ֮еǿ֮һ
һսֻܣδʲôˣһʵ
ҵȺγЩ˵Ķ֡ս̲סЦ
Ҳͷӡ֮ǰѾɵˣͷԶһ㶼İܹʱϲ
˵ͷû˵ɫ֮ȴ¶һĨȻɫ
ȻҲͬ뷨ʵ֮£п֮ϣҲǾΨһѡ
һ񣬶ǵʵ˵̫ˡ
ҲһѡսۿڣҲұ֤ԼܹˣΪּǿߣѱ붯һԸˣǺܶࡣ
սаˣʵֻһ
˵˵һ𡣵ȻѾ;Ŀ࿴ˡ
ϧǸǲҲһս뵽սЩҧгݡ
ȻĺܣԼĵӵǺܽ⣬ǱϾĵӣѾ˸޵еľ硣
һǿߣӵһӣԽġ
һˣȴŷնɱˣһս۶һֱߵĳ嶯
ѣױֻҪȵǵõǸԵʱһ򣬵ʵ֮նɱŷ磬ֻǶ֮ˡЦ˵
ǸŷҲŹҲڣɱȻ
ȻŷĹǺһսǱ衣޵еǿߣսŷһˣǱˣһ͸о衣
Ҳģŷ츳̫ˣȻĵõԵ˷չȥδزܹ졣һɱ⡣
ŷı֣һ붼зһˣֱһܹߵʲôزûܹ֪
ҲܹѳȥǸʱȻǵõ˴ԵδܹԸŷˡ
ѵǿߣѾվ֮ϣǵõԵƽ롣Ȼʵƿˡ
̸ϣȻ뿪ȥˡ
ڹŷ磬ŻսʱڹŷУȴȫһˡʲôսһƵ档
ÿһ㣬һƵ棬һһоŲ㣬ȫ̺žɱ
ʱպϣǹŷȴģֱ˺Ѳȱ棬˽ȥ
ʵǰȫһʱûиܵκвȻֻǵһ㣬ŷƽأҵۡ
ۼŷ磬¶˼ɫŹŷ磬ǿһ
ôܣ۾
ôܣѵΪ㣬Ѿ޾֮ĻҺǻʲô𣬽ųֻıʲôŷ絭һЦ˵ĻԵЩۺû¶һŭɫ
һȻЦ
ãҪȥˣܺá
֮г˿⣬һΪԼһ棬ҲΪŷı֡
۵ʵȻܹܵŷʱʵѾʶ˸޵Уľ磬ȴδﵽ쾳۷塣
˵ʲô˵ŷ绹Ŀռ䡣˵һ
һ㣬ҪæģԸ飬Ҫȷһ£ǲӦĻǲȥģҡŷû̳֣˵
ǿ׳һĶŹŷ磬ЩЦ˵㵱ɵȵʵ׳ɳǸʱһɵǸҾɵƣҲȥ鷳
ŷһ£ее㲻һ
ŷãӦǷǳִŵҪһսء
Ϊô׵ģҪҲûôɵأı̬ӲûȤȥʲôأҪǵȣҲŲעһϧЩɵƣͲ˽ӵ뷨Ҳúǽֱͣ޾µЦҶѣЩɵƵ˲١һЦɫ֮Щм
ŷ纹գףΪʲôۻ˵ıˣԭҲǱѵġ
Ļ۵ʵôʱ䣬һ㶼岻ȻֻƬҲסô¡


1985 ų
ּǿߣеֶκͨ
ˣ˵Щϻˣӷų۴Ц
ŷͷȻѾ֪۵뷨ͲˣŷٻԼڵֻƬȻһֻƬ
ֻƬǸӡ۵ֻƬͨЩȵ֮УǸֻƬֱû˹ŷߵֻƬС
νֻأŷѾռĸƬˡ
һȻ죬ĶռһС룬ѵֻĻ֡ŷ񣬴һĨ𾪡
ҲռƬƬأءŷҡͷԼܹռȫʵ̫ˡ
õ˵ƬֻƬŷԼֻƬϵõһϢòƲǳֻǣֻص׳ŷڻûо쵽
ҲȵŷռֻƬ֮󣬲ܹ⿪ܰɡ
ŷһԤУֻ̺һ⿪϶ˡȻ֪Ϊʲôǹŷȴһָо
ӵֻƬģҲֻռƬƬ𣿡۴ӷӡ֮˳
ûֻƬӡѾ޷ӡסˡ
ŷһ£Ȼû뵽һ㡣
ǸҲΪֻƬܵ˲֪ǿߵĹֱӱɱˣǸһʵҡۿڣٴ˵һϢʱùŷ
¶ŵɫһǿߣȻɱˣֵˣôǿ󣿼ֱ޷
ǵ磬򣬶ûеô򵥣ԺˣڣǴһܰɡŷͻȻ
ȷŷһ䡣
۵ͷ
ԹŷʵȤȲҪ֣֤һ¹ŷʵ
á
ŷ˵ֱ꣬һ壬ʵͬĹŷ磬ۣʱ۵ɫܹܹŷ磬һʵĹŷ磬ԲǶ֡
ܣô̲ͨס
۵Ļŷ絭һЦ˵ľ磬Ӧףûʲôǲܵġ
ۺԥһ£ڻǶˡ
һƬƬ£ŷѹȥص־ǽãǱ۴ˡҲ˵۵־
⣬Ҫǿߵĵ𣿹Ȼ졣
ŷа̾ȴ
ɱ
ŷһɱããֵϱֱ˺Щ۵ϡ
Щ⣬ɳȥȴûܵκ˺
һ˫ӣڹŷϣһԾȻû뵽ƾɱŷ㽫Լˡ
ɵ֮飬ûз˼顣
СһҹĿ࿴ˡ۾ȵ˵
ŷû˵
ͱͬʱʥӡ죬ɱȥ

۴һ䣬Ȼתߡ֪ʲô˹ŷֱӵԶ
һƵ棬ڲҪһ
ŷڵķ򣬻Ҫ֡
ˡֱӿڣ
ŷЩ⣬̲ס˵ǰѵ֤ҵʵ𣿡
ߺߣڲܣϲƽˣǻǳȥɣþûлص磬Ҳ֪绹ǲǰӡЩڴ˵
϶ǣǰӡѾ֪ٴֻˣ磬ǰӣǲаˡŷҡͷ˵
ѵõ̾һ̲ס˵ǸʱѾˣããûһʶˡ
ˣҲսСʵϣǸʱǿߣµĲࡣȻڵһЩϹҲδؾͬʱĴڡ
ֻΪ̤㵽ͬһΣǶʶˡ
ǹˣĲɼˡ
ʿˣƳ࣬ǻ꣬ããȴûһʾɣȷʵһֱŷ̲ס̾
ȻζδܵΪŷ߸Լֻһţˣ뵽ŷȭͷ߬ˡ
֮ˣôпģܹţһõ飬ĶĻе̰Ĳˡ۴˵
ŷȴܹ۵۾һį
΢΢һ̾˵ףҪͻ˭ܹءۣʱеĸоܰɡ
ߡŷ翪ڣ׼뿪
תһۣ˵ǰҪίһ㡣
ʲôһ㶡
ŷԼĴ㣬۵۾ʱ
Сһﲻϲ۴ЦȻֱӻһ̹⣬ûŷ֮С


1986 ˫ץ
ŷص磬ʱ˽գǹŷȴǺ⡣
ֻҪܵԵ£ٹȥˡȴŷ絹ûִ㡣
ˣԯݺˡһùŷʱվ
ôˣŷʵɫ֮УȻһֻš
ţǵ飬˹ŷܴĴԯݺĻŷ϶ܲ˵ġЩֵǣһ뿴ǳ¡
ԯϱ˴ˣ۳ǰΪԯϳͷͬˣǱЩѹסҶԷųˣǵ棬¿ͷŻŹǡ
˭֣ŷʵ
Ƽҡ
Ǹ񽫻شɫ֮г˷ŭ
ͲԯǵģǹԯǰǸ磬Ȼһƣԯ϶ֵģ˴Щ˵ʵ̫ǿˡǸ񽫷ŭ˵
֪ˣĸ磿ŷʵ
硣񽫻ش
˵֮󣬹ŷӰʧȻǸˡ
磬ǻɫģɴ˵֮УĴߣϲɫŽԼգĻɫ
һǿ磬ͶݣڻƼЩ֮󣬱Ͷ˹ȥһͽɡ
ʱѪӰվڻ֮ϣǱţȻûκã岻ȥ
ʮǿߣվǵΧ
Щ˵ܣлǿߣҲбǿߣܶҲŷǿǰһĻʱ̲ס̾Ƽʵ̫ǿˣһС
˭֪ԯݺˣǹŷֿѣһ£ŷԻƴġ
ƼҵˣȻһ㶼ɵһ㣬ֱӳ֣ѹˡ
ֳ鷳ġɫżһ˵
壬һͲҪˣǳȻзִ磬Ǹŷ磬ҲΪжİɣʲôġǸ국˵һӡ
ĻŭŭǣҪǽеĻͽǷˡ
ǵ꣬˻һۣͻȻ¶һĨЦݣ˵治˼壬һûнУһƨ
쵰Ѵŭ
ǣ治Ȼ˵ҾͺúõĽѵ㡣ΰվŭ죬ȻҪ֡
Ȼǵ̬ȣҲŭˡ
壬Ȱ㻹侲һ㣬㲻ҵĶ֣򲻹ңһܣǾЩˡǴЦ˵Ĳм
ĻΰŭҪȥͻһս
һֻסѿЦҡͷȻʡǻˣȷʵǻǵĶ֡
ǣǻƼҺ֮֮УΪɫһλʵǿѾ֮ˡ
ǣֶЩˣҪ֪ǿֵܵܣ˺ֵ֮ĺѳ˵
ܣ˵żҵǸһ˵Ϊۣʵǿ޵еǿߣҵǲţÿܵʵءЦ˵
ɫ֮УЩмȻûнŷС
ƾŷһֻʮ˵ǵ֮УһĨмͳһһȻҪ͹ŷȣûɡ
ŷʵǷǳģȻΪ֮Уǿһϵˣ˵һǣϱԳ֣Ҳδܹѹŷ硣
Ǻǣȴɱ㼸ʮϰٴΡǵ˵
ɫһڣû˵
Ȼвޣ֪ŷһ֪Լԯݺᱻץ϶ûбҪΪһʱʹ죬
۲˵ˣ¶һĨɫ˵ô˵ˣѵɱ㣿ģǸû֮ǰǲɱģȵ֮ȻȻɱǡ
Цƾ㣿һ꣬ҲǿǹŷĶ֡۴Ц
ԯݺᣬһ仰û˵ֻһ˫۾¶һĨѪɫݺݵĶŻǡ
һ¡ǵһЦ
һĻΰͻѶһֵۣܶԷеĵġǲ˽ŷ磬ﻹܹ˽⡣
ʱҪˡ
ȻǾԲǹŷĶ֡
һᾡȰסǧܹǴѴΰ
ΰȴҡͷЦҵǾãùŷѵһǸǵǲ̫ˡ
˵ǹŷԸҲӦ˽⣬ĳֵĻǶⲻԸ⿴ġѿЦ
ΰĬһ£ջǵ˵ͷ


1987 һ
ǶԻȻܲˬȴ뿴ڹŷСǵʵǺܲǿ˭ȣŷȣ㲻ʲô
һܹս޵ǿߵĴڣôһǿȵġ
Χۼ˺ܶʿȫָָ㣬ǵ֮УһĨ𺳺ͬ顣
ȻǻƼҵˣ˾֮Ҳûʲô³ɣûмһˣں͹ŷ֮֮Уռʲô˵ġ
ۣӳڣһֱǴ棬һ·ɨ硣Ķ֣ûռһˡ
ЩϣԹŷ绹ǺĵġɨһΧ۵ʿЦ
Ļ䣬վڻߵһЦſڣʱ֪Ļ϶뷨ģһ֮УʵƵһ
Ʋ⻰˵ˣ˵һȻһǿߣǣҲǴĶ֣ʵѾˣʶ汲֮µһ˵ĳƺһ귴
Ʒɣ˵ĲʵȻɲģҪ˶ãܹΪǿˣǸʱֵܵģҲٹⰡƲЦ˵
һһ䣬ŻǵƨûĲˡ
ĿԼĹһ˵ǷģȻǴҵʵΪһˣҲλֵܵġ
лл硣ƲͻƷˣȵı仰
ǾãҪǰ϶ӵ飬ʱƿػƼң£ΪΪص£ǰ;ҲǼġ
ԣǲŲĻǵƨһͬΪǹӵˣЩȥˣһʵ̫ˡ
һˬı飬ҲЩĽԼû޳ܣȻĻҲܹõǵĻĵġ
δעҪ̤㵽޵оǿߣҪĸôֱ̫ˡ
ǵӣ̲סҡͷ
ǻƼһ֮УĻɫе㲻֪˵Щʲôˡ
ǶġЦ
ĻǵĿһۣЦ˵Ҳ֪ЩܶģǴƨҾϲϲĻԲҪҵ¡
ΪǴ£ܹŵģǸ۵ļһҪǴ粻ˣȻĻԿͷ˾ͲҪԹˡƷЦ˵
ߣЩϣֳӲǸղʵ˵ĶʵǴ磬Ӣ䣬ӢţĲΣܹģ׳աƲ˵ݣ۲һ۾жðˡ
ˣҪˣǸˣ۸ˣǺǣΪŷĴ֣Ȼܹ顣ǵ˵
ǴؽϽƨ
ʹڳЩʿǰһĻ֮󣬶һ˳⼸һܹӲҪһ
۸һҪ˵ı飬û뵽ϾȻ˲Ҫˡ
Ǹŷôû˰죬̲סüʵ
˰ɣŷȻĵӣҲҵ簡ƷЦ˵
ƲҲͷҿŷ磬ҲͽԼȻҲӪȡ
νľۣʵһ̰֮Ǹҳ֣һֶֻܹƷɰȻ˵
ʴʣΪŷ粻ˣΪʵǣҲû˹˼ɣ˵ǳ
΢΢üȴûз
Ҳ뷨ŷ֮δ֣Լ뵽ЦνľۣҲˡ
˾Ȼܹõˣûг˲ˬ
˼ˣԼŶԡ
һҿһӴѹ䣬ֱڻƷɵϡ
ƷɼӦʱ䶼ûУֱһѪίڵϣ֮г˾һ
˭ҶҵˣǴŭǸ˹ȥ
һӰ֣һ֣ԯݺֱӱ顣
ûһ£Ҫ֪Լҵ˵ıȻ޵еǿҪٵǺס
ˣȻɵؽٵѵ˵ʵѾﵽ˸޵У뵽ǵɫ֮У¶һĨš
ղǲ̸ôȴʶˣŷ絭˵Żǣɫ֮дһĨм
һ£ȻЦǹŷ磿
ŷ絭˵
ۺԯݺᣬŷߣҧгݵ˵ŷ磬Ǹ쵰


1988 ν
û⡣ŷֱӿڣһԥûС
ЦƾһֻмһѪͳˣȻ˵ҪңֱһЦǴЦŷ֮УһĨм
ȻղŹŷٵȷʵûһ£ãŷҲֻǴ˶ѡ
Уŷ粻ֻһ쾳ʿ쾳۷嶼ûеˣͲܺġ
ΪƼҵѪͳܸ߹𣿡ŷɫƽȴ̺ŭ
Լֵܣ裬ȻǻƼҵˣŷҲŹԷ
ȻƼѪµһֻһƼѪͳܹġм
Ļŷ̲סЦ˳
˵ѪԹսԲڻƼѪŷĲ֪ǵĽġ
ңŷףϱһǻƼ֮еǿߡǾԲǰһ˵ԼѪǿһӣŷֱһЦ˳
ǣҪ˵ܣүүΪֳ񡣡ͻȻǳѾܵŷеŭ֪еĻһԲǻܹĵֿġ
ѿŷʵԲԶﴫģһʵ
ʲôƨܣǺǣһ˶ѣҳ縸ʹǻƼҵˣҲӦ񡣡мѻҪ˵ֱӿڣ壬㲻Ҫ֪ôĻҪСֶһʵСֶء
Ŀ𳤡ѲһҪѪһһ㶼ûнԼа
ƾ㻹ҪҵĳЦҲԼʲôУҸӣһ壬ǲӣҵУһЦ˵
ǵĻѲһ㱻ָŻǣֶЩˣһ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ôܹô˵ءΰŭ
˵ҾдڵıҪΰֱһеҴûмķϲģһӶûУǻĺͦ㣬ڼ֮Уһ硣ɨ˻ΰһۣɫӲм
ΰŭֱҪ֣ȴסˡ
Ҫ嶯ѿЦ˵
ʵףڼеĵλԼԶԶǵġȻĻҲţǷС
ΰһȻԸֱˬȴǳѵĻֱӾͲ˵ˣֻһ˫ӣڻǵϣһɱ⡣
ˣһΪǵĵλܸأڿڻƼ֮Уʲô㲻϶ŷ罫ĿͶˣЩȵ˵
ŷĻ˶˵
ǵĵλʵҲ㲻ϵͣڻǵǰͲһˣΪڼ֮еĵλʵ̫ˡ
˵ǼпܳΪһ޵еǿߣԼǳءҲǻǽʱ´ǲκġ
ǻȴЦŷ֮УһĨζ
ŷ磬Ѿ˵ˣ㻳дˣץסˣҪҪȻһս˵ĻҪΪǻƼҵūͣ˽ǻƼҡЦ˵
أŷ絭ʵ
Цһ̲סЦ䣿ôܻ䣬𣿡
ֻ˵ŷ絭˵
ŷĻЦˣҲū͡Źŷ磬Ц飬ǲܷģͲҪˡ
ùŷԼĶ֣ԸͲġ
ȷʵǳȣΪѾ쾳۷壬Ȼսδ޵УһʵȴֱǸǿߡ
ԣԼܡ
ˣҵūͣûκȤɣˣұɱ㡣ŷ絭˵
Ѻͻΰˣʱ̲סһףŷ绹Ƿŭˣ˵ĻԻɱ⡣
ŷ磬㲻Ͼı֡ѸϽ˵
ȻǶǲƣղŵĻڵǣǻȴܹŻǱɱ
Ƽ˵ۻǵƷôǱȴδƼҵϣһ޵еǿߣʼңҲǿļˡ
һҪҵū͵ı𣿡ŷ練ʡ
֪˵ЩʲôףǵΪȷʵеˣŷɱ⣬ʵǷǳġˮǣҲͬһ
ϲģҪҶˣôҵĶ֡Ҳ쳣ǳˡ


1989 ˻
ɫѿ˵ףҲǻǵĳһٵıϲģȻҪάǣǴʱҲ뷨
ʵ̫ˣİˣҲӦ
ǵΪú̲ܶסƲ졣سнһҪƷʣǻǵΪȴ˿һ㡣
ǳԼ壬ǣǶԴԼūͣˣǹˡ
ҿȥˣȻҲϲǣڸ㣬ˡŷ˵Żǣɱڡ
ǴЦŹŷ磬˵Ҫ֣ǾͺúõһսɣҵҪһһĴڣġ
ɵơ
ԶһӰǱˣǶǵĻ̲סһ䡣
ŷʵεȿֲһоúǾԲǹŷĶ֡
ЦȻ֪Լںܶ˵УѾΪɵƵĴʡ
յġ۴󺰵
ɱԯݺǳ鴤һɿ񱩵ɱ⡣
ˣҪ֣նɱǡ⵹ùŷЩ⣬֪п϶бԭֻڣȴѯʵʱ
ңŷԻǣҲɱ⣬ԯݺˣ뷨Ȼԥ
䡣
һֻ£ʥ죬ÿһ⣬·һͷڳһޱȣȫ·ѹȥ
ǳһܵŷֵƣһսľ̺µ˼㡣
䡣ǵϣ貵Ĺ⣬ȫŷƳ˹ȥǣһжͽ͡
ŷǿ󣬳˻ǵһСǺ˳ȥ
ԡѪһ˫۾𾪵ĶŹŷ磬û뵽ֻһѣԼͱŷشˡ
ⲻܡǾĲš
ûʲôܵģҸղʩչһ㡣ŷ絭˵仰˶Ծ
Ҫ֪Ȼʵȴ޽ӽǸ޵еǿߣڹŷȴ˵Լһʵ㽫ǻˣʵѵ֮ͬеһʩչһ壬ս޵еǿߡ
Ļŷʶһ˵ʱˡ
ƭңҲŵģŷ磬ȥɡٴȣɱɣһƬ׺ŷû
һͷȥҪŷ硣
ŷվ׺Уûܵκ˺ɱŷЦˣֱһȭ׺飬ɢٴη˳ȥ
ֻһΣϵ˿ڣȸղŸӵĶˡ
ѵĴһȫ˺ۣʱڵϣͬһ̯һ
һĻԯݺ۴Ц
ţƺ䣬ǿԼû뵽ڹŷĹ֮£ȻֲסУͱˡ
ɵۺ
ɵԯݺҲڣһأһŷȥɱһˡ
ŷûԭԯݺᣬѾˣŷûֵıҪɱ
ŷһֱɱȥ
һֻ£ֻظ֣ȫתо˵ɱ
䡣
ﱬ飬ըԪ˻𣬴ʱ˻֣̿ӵһߡ
ŷ֮Уһɿ־塣
Ǵûһ֮УȻܹԼŷʵǿϣֻԼүүͶүүϸܵڸ޵еǿߵϡ
ǵԪ񣬹ŷ绹Ҫ֡
ǵЩ£ȫ㵽һߣûһ˸ҳ֮ʵǿĻǣں͹ŷս֮Уֵԣοǡ
û˶ԶԶġ
ЩԼģȴԶԶ뿪Լļһǵ֮Уһŭɫ
ףЩԼԼƨˣûһǺöԼΣյʱһԶԶĶ㿪ûһ˻Լ
ŷ֣ҪĨɱǵԪ
Ѻͻΰһۣջվ˳
˵ڻǵǰ棬Ӳŷ֡
ۡ
ǿѪ˳ȥһըֻһǱ㱻ˣͲǹŷĶ֡
ǵһҲǸӮȡߵĻᡣ
ԪԶȥҪ뿪
߲ˡŷЦһֻץȥҪץ
ڴʱһɫĳն䣬ŷײһ

һֿµϣʹһĸ޵еǿߣӲǹŷһֻ֣ȴס˳
üͷһ壬ֻ򳤽ץ˹ȥ


1990 ƼҼ
ɫĳˣ콣ֱӽŷˡùŷЩȡ
ҳŷһһƬ飬һӰ˳һӢˣӢֻЩһ֪һˡ
ʱĿ⣬Źŷ磬һĨ⡣
硣
Ǵ硣
Ǿ
ǵĴ磬ҲǻƼҵڵƿߡһˣѾ˳ˣǱһˣƿһУǵĴ磬ǻƼҵļ
壬ϱ뿪֮ȨӴˡ
Ƽҵļŷ۾һСֻûʲôη˼Ц
͢Ŀ磬ڹŷϣ˵ŷ磬ΪƼӵܣȻ֣֪ͬ
Ƽӵܣŷһ£¶һĨЦ
˵λɵǲ⣬ʲôƼӵܣǹżҼ˵ʱøҿһ㡣ŷһȻӣбŶԷм˵
żңܹǻƼȣŷ磬ҪִԲ򣬽ǻƼңеĺô͢˵
ΪƼҼȻš
ҼǻƼҲУҪӦһŷͻȻ¶һԥɫ͢˵
˾ȣⲻǾ۵ķ񰡣Ҫǰ˸˵ҪΪ£ѾˣڿǣǸҲ顣
˵ûǻƼҰ첻顣͢ȻȻĮɫ۾ȴһĨϲû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˺ƭֻ˵˼仰ŷҪӦƼˡ
ڹŷֻҪǽԼλóȥڻ͢˵ʲôѰ顣
⻰˵ġŷٴȷһ䡣
һԣһޡ͢ɫȻ
һ㵹ģǻƼҴӦʲô飬ûʱأԻ͢Ƿǳŵġ
ǾͺãɣҼƼңû⣬ȽǸ쵰ɵҾʹӦ㡣ŷ翴һۻǵԪ񣬵˵
ŷĻǲ¶ȻɫŷҪ˳ƼңڴƼҵ
ղŻ͢˵ûǻƼءڹŷһҪ󣬲ȻƼҾ
ΪģΪ͢ǻǵףûһףָܹɵԼĶӵġ
ң͢ڻǣ۰ǱһĸףҪǿǧ򱶡
ŷ磬ˡ͢ʱﻹ֪ŷϷŪԼʱɫһ¶һĨŭɫ
ڣûбҪ̫ŷ絭˵
ŷĻ͢ŭŹŷ磬˵ң
Ǹ㣬ɱءŷ˵ֱ꣬ӳ˹ȥ͢ץ˹ȥ
͢ŭû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵־ͳֱ֣Ӵһֲ
ӦҲǺܿ죬еĳݺն䣬ŷԴ˹ȥҪŷˣĻʱʩչԼֶΡ
ڽսȻ͢Ҳᣬǲǿ䡣
˳Ծ֮Уŷһץס˳ֱ࣬ӵס˳ķâûܵһˡ
֡͢ŭȵ
ȫԼеҪӹŷУԼĳ
һжͽͣŷ࣬ˣʱס˳Ȼսǰܽߡ
ŷŻ͢³֡
ʱ͢ɫͨ죬оһ裬һСָоĲ̫ܡ
ңղŻ͢ãŷʵԼԼһѱҪŷ£һǳ׵顣
ףҪСģŷʵѾﵽ˸޵о磬ҾеٮٮߡǵԪһѣûԶԼĸ׳Կ
͢һӣĳԾˣŷʵѾﵽ˸޵УǲǺϱһĴ
ǿߣȻǶ֡
ֻǣԼеĳҲԸ⡣ı֪˶£ѾͨˣҳǿĲ
֪ˣһ뿪ﵲסŷ磬κβҵġ͢˵û뿪
Ͼ˺أֻʣԪǣֵ۲һҪʲôĻǺڣѾˡ
á
Ҳһ㣬ûκԥתߡ
𣿼ȻֵҪҪŷ絭˵ĻһµϢһһģһĹŷ磬һԪ񣬸˻ǸԪǸղߵĻǣʱľ
һ塣ʿϳŷһͨ


1991 ⹫
ͱͬսһ˾ŷһˣ޵еǿߣϣԺˡ
͢ɵۣȻ󾪿֡
ҪɱҶӡ͢󺰵
ȫϣǱɱڻ͢˵һ޴ĴŹŷ磬ùŷ綯֡
ǳŷץУȻ˵Ľȴ޷ٻ
˵ֵҪҪŷ絭Ŀڣᶨ˼㡣
Ҫɱң׾ҡǿ־غҪΪһɲô
͢ҲһɫѿʩչΪǿݺᣬǬǹŷָ䲻˸ǵסֽ
΢΢һҪˡ
͢ɫף֪ԼͶ᲻ԼĽˣһҧǿնԼͳ֮ϵˣȻԼŷķ
ֻأѹ
ŷȣֻظֱ֣ӽ͢Уȫſµâѹ͢
͢Ҫȴãֻֻ֮͢ѹС
ֻذɡ
ŷ絭˵
˾У͢һУȵٳֵʱ򣬺ȻΪһСӣʱȫӤ״ֻһ˫ӶݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ǵӶɳˣֻأǺεȵĿµͨʱܹܵԼϵΪѾʧһ
ŷҲЩ⣬ֻֻǷӡԷϵʵ־޴ڣһΣȴһ㲻һ͢ȻȫʧȥʱֻʱȽϺõһ˶ѡ
죬ʲôͨô¡̲ס
ֻأȻĽֻˣǸ͢һ̤޵вεǿߣǴʱȴ䵽һ³ʵ̫ˡŷڿһ
̫ˣʧȥһΪЩʿ˵ʱɱǻҪ¡
ŷȴɫ䣬Ŀ˻һۣڻǾֵ֮УǸһ
ۡ
ǵԪֱӱɱȫɢˡ
תʱ⡣һгһµӰϱƣֿµϢǧš
ʱ֣һͨڹŷܡ
ʱҪתղŵʱ⣬ǾȻ
ҵǿܹȼˡŷ籾忪ڣֱһֻ͢ɱ˹ȥ
ˡǵӰ¶һĨŭɫֱֻ֮г˹
ʵǿֱӳֻ֮Уһס˹ŷһȻֻس˳
ס
ǾǵĸףϱĴţ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼδ뿪սʱ֣ס˹ŷֶΣԼĶӡ
һ򣬹ŷ֣ĨɱһС
ǴڹȫĨһ಻ʣ¡
䡣
Ż죬һ˫֮бɱ⣬û뵽ŷ˹ϣĨڻǵһУһʹͨ죬޷ǾȻ
ǣΪӣȶΪһλƼҼǴʱȴɱˡ
ܵĺŭȵ
ɱȻһֻڻ͢ϣתָͨʵ
͢»ָղŵӣΪֻǵ۾硣ȻԻŵͨҲֻܹһˡ
һ˲쾳ûǸ
͢ʵָ۾Ѿ㹻ˣǰľ;磬ָܹܿ͢ʵ
ףΪǶ𰡡͢ڻŵĽ£
ôҲû뵽ӵδĶӣˣ׶޷ָڻ͢˵һ־޴Ĵ
û˶ӵİ͢ڼĵλĲôˡ֮ǰЩ˲ҶԻ͢ѣһΪ͢ſأλȻܸߣԵģ͢ǵĸףλˮǴߡ
ʧȥ˻͢ЩһЩɵϻ͢ʵһλصУĵλ϶סˡ

ŭһ
͢˳ȥڿѪ˵ˡǻƼҼԼĸǰȴʲô㲻ϡ
ʳӣҲ̫˰ɡŷҡͷ̲סŲ˵
ĶŹŷ磬ʵ֪Լں˭˵
ʶŷֱӻش
⹫Ĵ磬Ҳ⹫ղɱˣ磬к壬硣˵
ƨŷͻȻָŻŵıӣŭ
Ŷû뵽ŷͻȻָı
Ӧ֮󣬻ɫ࣬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪһ


1992 ս
治ȻҺ˵⹫֪ˣԻѵ㡣Ŵŭ
⹫Ƿǲ֣Ҳ͵û⹫˵ɱ壬ΪʲôǸץסλ֮ɱԲֵܡŷ˵
ңҪūͣЦ壬ԴԼҿǵʲô壬ǵˡ
ɫ࣬˵һ֮ˣһƼҵūͣѵ𣿡һָ߰ĸо
ܶ˶̲סҡͷǸ޵еǿҲ̫һɣһҪŷҪԶԴ˵̬ȶǣԼȴùŷӦǵūͣ߼ʵ̫쵰
ɵơ
ŷֱһָ
ʱһûУˣûбİ취ֻһս
ʱʲô磬ûһ壬ֻս˶ԷܹһС
ŭ
Ļر飬Ǭתʱյ߸
ƿصʱ֮ǿ˼㡣
ܶ˵ˣ±ʱ֮ʲôʡ
ŷȴվʥⴹ䣬ϣ򷨲֡ʱ֮棬޷ٽŷ塣
ʱ֮ˡŷ絭˵
Ҳƿʱ֮ŲȶԷҪܹŷ磬ǾԲܵġ
ߡ
Ц֮ϣ˸ȫ뿪
֮ɫ˵˼㣬һ飬ɱ֮л飬׵߾磬֮ѾԳ֮Ϊͨˡ
ǹŷ޾壬ЦһΧһ׺ʱ׺ڣһ飬֮˹ȥ
Ҷ߾磬ԣ˭Ҳ˭
΢΢ɫ֮һּΪµĹֶΣ֮ͬУûм˸ڶԿģֻû뵽ŷ羹ȻҲ֮ͨ
ģΪһ޵еǿߣֶζ಻ʤֻһ
Ҫʩչһͨʱ򣬹ŷķͻȻˣһȭһУʥ죬û
ơŴȣȭͷȭͷŷķֱӲһ
ۡ
һѪĿŵɳȥɫŷǸŽսףȴû뵽Լȴûеסŷһȭ
ôܣž
ʦս޵Уͬǿһսܹҽ棬ȻЩֶΣǺʦȣһƨŷ˵
ŷĻɫѿ
վŹŷ磬˵ССˣǽһҪ֪ʲôس
ƾҲŷĳǿЦŷϼһԯݺͻȻڣŵ֮гŭ⡣
ŷɻԯݺôˣһҪԻƼ֣֮ţԸŹȻе㲻
ǣŷ뵽һֿܡ
۾˲ˣһ˫ӶŻţŭʵ㽫Ѽôˣ
ƼѼѣŷıãҲԯݺˣֱ˳£ǹŷȴδǡܹԯݺŭ飬ԺͻƼѼйϵ
һƼ֮˵飬ֲһܡЦ
ҿŷ˵
Ļһŷ֣һ壬ŷ绮ֳԼȫˡ
ŷ磬һˣ޵еǿߣʱȻţܵһɾ޴ѹһ
Ǹ߰ԸȴûţԸڹŷСǰͷ
̫ˣҪɱңƾ㻹ûǸʸ񡣡Ц
мôģֻԼ֪ˡ
Թŷһ壬ȻǻǿߣҲзֹһսĹŷ磬ϣһǿߣ޵ˣʹϱӵйŷ籾սǿߣҲͷۡ
ǴʱѾˣҲԼһǰ
ŷš
ԶһĻ΢΢鴤һ£Ȼ󷢳һźš
ͬʱҲм˷źš
֮У֦ͬǲһ־޴ʧ˵һΪ顣
Ǻǡ
ŷЦͷͬʱˡ
ŷ磬ȫʥӡʥ죬Ȼ˳ȥ
µȫŵϡ
űɫ̫ˣʵ˳֣ȻǻţҲǻ

Ŵȣһѳ֣ƿУȻɨ˳ȥ
£ɨһС
ر飬ʥ貣ûȻӵиǻŻûеסȫܣһʥӡϣ˺ɳȥһ㡣
Ǿ֮Уһס˻ţѾܵµش


1993 ʦ
סǴ󺰣һš
͢ҲŴͣû뵽ԼĸףųƸ޵УȻǹŷĶֻ֣һ㱻ˡ
뵽ŷ֮УһĨҡܹ˵һ٣ˡ
뵽ԼĶӣ˹ŷУΣҲЦˡ
ȻܹסһҲһˡŷ絭Ŀڣ֮͸һɸ֮߰ǰŵơ
ŲһһûһѪ˳Ǳŷġ
һСûŭѻ˼㡣
ҲףԼĲǹŷĶ֣ղһѾˡ
һ˵ֵ޵еǿߣŷ̫ǿˡ
ֻʵĻĻᱻˡŷ¶һĨЦ
һǿߣòƺгɾ͸СȻԷĴ⹫ǻŵ̬ȣȴùŷŭνĴ⹫ǲϵġ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫ˡ͢
Ļ䣬ŷ翴һۣ͢Ѫһ顣
ɫ֮¶ֵɫ͢ʲô˵ˡʱʵ͵˼㣬ŷҪɱһ顣
ŷ磬ҸĴ⹫ɱĴ⹫⹫϶ģҪǺú׺Ͷ֮Ĺϵĺܺã޾Ϊ׽ֵܡѿڡ
ΣԴԼܵܵģ׽ֵܰŷЦ
Ѳ֪˵ЩʲôԼȷʵеˡҪùŷס֣ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҫңûôס˵޸Լ壬վһ˫ӶݺݵĶŹŷ硣
͡
ֱնһǬʱ֮ת֮ᴩһУŷѹ䣬µ˼㡣
ʵϣⲢǻŵ彣ϱ彣Ҫ˹ȥ
ԼλֳϱĹˣ֪µķ˳ȥֱնϵ͸Լֳ
ŷһսִ̧һʵŵĽײ
䡣
мը飬ͬʱˡ
ýŷ̲סȡ
֪ϱķֻǾѾǿĽڱ̬ղȫԸѾˡ
ȻǺ֮챦Ц˵һȻѽԼƵһ
ǺýȴôժıŷǸڣгһѳ罣
ʱ罣ģʵӦûˣһ֮ת֮罣ˣһ棬ֻǹŷϰ߳ƺΪ罣ѡ
ñŵеģ罣֮г̰
ŷҡͷһûˡϱ˳ȻĴڣȴȫһ̰Դ
ҪĻԼðɡŷ絭˵
гֽնƣΧħоĤݣֻŷ·ģǳΧת
һֿµƣǸ޵еǿ߲ܹ
ܶ˶̲סŷĤݣǲĳŷ塣
һһѣȻѹĸоûšһҧֱɱ˹ȥ
ʱңر飬޾ڹŷϡȻ󣬽죬ֱն䣬һУŽδ
֮䣬ȫɱ֣µɱҪһС
ơ
ŷȣתսһʥӡһֻƿ罣˳ȥ
վ򷨲ᣬʥ죬ȭӡɱȥʱա罣նŲ񷣬ײһжΪҽ֮жȫ顣
ȫ˱ܣԶ綼Ϊҽڻ֮Уš
ŷ¶һĨЦ˳ȥ۽š
űɫ͹ŷսղŵһν֣ѾľˣһΣžܲˡ
սŷ磬зǳ
ԣֱת˳ȥ
һ
ŷ翪ڣ˺ѻ磬һεĽڻŵǰֱϡ
Ŵȣоɨֱ뽣ײնһĽҲ˼
ʱ򣬹ŷ۽š
罣նһĺۼɱŵͷ­
ųԾоæ̧յסŷһ
һ̣ŷе罣һΣٴδŵС
ֿµĽûͷƤ飬һԵʲôʦ


1994 Ҵս
űϾǸ޵еſڴȣǳ׹䣬ȫŷȥ纣󣬱һʱ֮ڹŷĽǰ
ŷ糤޾Уᴩ޾ʱգվδ˵š
޵Уûеô򵥡˵
˿޾ǺӸ֣޾ǻԴ䣬ٲһ㣬أŷѹ˹ȥ
ǳ֮ʩչµ˼㡣
ŷӽɨնЩǳ֮ɫţȳһֶϻꡣ
ǲ
ֱӱ飬Ԫʧ
ǹŷüͷȴĸˣһӰڲԶ֣Ц
ҽŷһźĵԽ˺޽ӵһ棬ӵͨˣǳɱ
ҽŷ㻹˵㣬޵еֶΣеҪĶࡣ˵
˵ֶΣȷʵ㡣ŷ絭һЦ
Цûм硣
֣ɱŴȣͶӰһӰǱˣǹŷ⹫ϱ
ֻǣֻһͶӰûǡٻɱŷ硣
޳ܡ
ŷһ䡣
ûκԥ罣ɨնϱ
ڴʱϱͶӰͻȻſ۾ǳ棬һµᴩŽǬȫѹˣ飬ȫѹƣ޷֮Уֻһ⣬ѹ£žɱ
ŷ磬ܵµѹǸһХʥⱬǹϢѹơ
ϱΪǿļ֮һϢŷôѹ
ۼҪԼϣŷķָֻ֣ظ֣ͬʱʵӳУٽʥӡƣȻն˳ȥ
ǹŷһ˲䣬ԷӵΪǿӲϱͶӰһ

һ죬緭ܴһƬطȻһͨ쾳ǿߣĻҲᱻɱ
һЩʿӦУֱʲôûʣ¡
ԯݺ˲һԴϵ亹ղǾͲһ㣬ҲУĻ˵ʵɡ
Լ͹ŷ֮ʵ࣬ԽԽˣЩơ
ȻⲢǲǿʵǹŷ̫ǿˡ
ˣܹۼˣ֮١ֻ͹ŷȣž̫Сˡ
ǵӰ飬ŷٴμսһ
ȫʩչµֶΣҪܶԷ
ŻϢ죬ǳϲƣ֮ͣ£һ飬ɱȥ
ʱ֮Ҳ쳣ֲȻԹŷ粻̫˺վܹ첻ٵ鷳
գ챦һս󣬹ŷ羹Ȼ΢΢·硣
Ȼֻһսȴ൱ڹŷı壬һ·磬ȻΪŵʵ̫ǿˡ
ߡ
ŷһġ
ʥӡ罣һһʥӲ
ûõģ㲻ҵĶ֣ذܡŴЦԵú˷ܣܹŷ磬
Ҫùŷ֪ǲΥġ
ɵƣ˵ܴܲӮңǴӮˣҲֻҵһʵǲ֪ʲôýġŷһЦ
ŷӦԷⲻһѣԼҲֻǴ˹ŷһܹŷ硣
뵽һ˵
ϵĹƣȴӵˣɱ죬֮Уʱıһնء
ŷҲˣƶضУڻ֮УݻǳȻѹȥ
ƽʥȣŷƿʩչշС

һ죬ŴһУ˳
쳤Х޾£ȻԹŷ磬˺ܴв
ŷȴЩ˲ŷ嵽˻ŵǰ
䡣
ŷչµĹȭͷһУѹǬ
ߵĹƣûбģһ˫ȭͷһСŷƲ࣬ȻҲ̳ԣʱĹҵ˼㡣

ŷһȭ˾棬˺Ȼǣȭͷһ˺ûС
ôܣŲš
Ǻýʵ̫ˣնҵĲŷЦ
ײȭͷͣײһֱ
ûŭһҧ˵תʱգٻǰĴܣɱаɡ
ٻ
ŷ羪ȣͬʱһµϢ󱬷
ֱתһȭһµӰŷȭͷײȫ˳ȥ
ŷʱ򣬲ſǰĴʲôӣɫףüһۣŹŷ磬䵽˼㡣


1995 ǰĴ
ꯡŷ̲סһ
ˣһģһϢһֻǣꯡ쳣ǿ󣬴ŷµѹ
ô֪ҽꯣ֮󣬾Ȼ˼ǵңǸ¶һĨȵɫ
ѣˣꯡŷ翪ڡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬üķ⣬ڹŷϣȻһ֣Ǹ¶ȵɫ
û뵽֮ҾȻѾˡ꯵ɫ֮Щ̾Ϣ¶һĨʧɫ
ŷ粻ǰĴܣӦڲǴʱȴ֪ԼںѾˣ֪
ȻһսûгɹǶʧˣҿҵĳ·ǧһһ죬һġʧٴλظ
ӢӶڹŷϣ˵˵ɣٻҪɱ˭
ĻȻôһ
ڻţĿɿڴȻһ㱩ߣ̲סŭûиٻģ
ʲô˻һۣ꯵˵
ɫѿɫŹ֣ӵǺˣٻǰĴܣǶԷȻǰģҪŷɱ˲һԸĸо
ߣҲӦҵٻҪܵҵĿƣǲĻ͸ɱǸһŭָ䣬һӰȻ꯵ӡ
緢ȼǵӰ
üͷ徹Ȼ΢΢鴤Ȼʹ˼㡣
ǲĴۣǰĴΣҪԹЦ
ʱ˵ˣȻһ˫ȴڻŵϣʵľ𣿡
ʲôһ
ڴʱϣ޾ⱬǲǲʲôˣã꯵ָŻţ˵
ʲôŻ
ٻǿƵģԿƱٻˣǴʱȴʧЧˣԷϡһֲ˼ĸо𾪵˼㡣
޾ĺϯϣ֪ԼΣˡ
ǰĴܣʵ֮ϣԼֵĻ»Σա
֣Ͻ֣ͻعȥһ֮ϳһӣл˹һࡣ
ʱ򣬻ŲŷӦϽ֣ʱ֮꯵ϣŭȵҹȥɡ
׳ա
Ȼʱ֮ϣȴ޷ֺ
û뵽֮ĴܣȻزʱ֮΢ĩʩչˣأûϣˡҡͷ
Ļùŷһʱ֮꯵УȻֻ΢ĩǵʲôǿأ
ǶϤ˹ŷ˼˵Ϊǿûκλɣһȭѡ
ԼǱܹ졣꯼˵
𣿡ŷһȭǶ֮ˣһƬ硣
㿪Լأǿϧ绹Ҫסܹŵֻס꯿ڣ̵ŷ硣
ŷͷܽˡ
ӼᶨԼߵ·֮Ǳܣտ졣һ·ϣߵѾԶˣԶԶûдﵽޡ
ŷ¶һĨЦݡ
ĿͶţ˵ڸý֮ˡ
һֵͷߵĳ嶯
ꯣһԼָܵܵоϢ߲ʡ
½ǰǸӣߵ˻ŵǰ棬ꯣò˵
𽣵ϲˣǿˡ˶½һۣ͵
ûŵɫѿԼ˵ȴ佱ˣûеطˡ
Ǵʱȴ˵ʲôһǰĴܣŸ͵ס
лǰ佱ǰҪͻּƽϣӦֵİ֣ܵͿķϣ˻һΰɡ½ϴЦ˵
ܵ˭꯵еˡ
һ޵еǿΪɽˣ϶򵥡
ϱ½˵һƺ
Ǹһû뵽ǿȻһ磬š̲סҡͷ̾
ǳ鴤ƺŭ
ԼĵܵܣȻǻŵĽʱڻ˵Ҳһ־޴ѹڣʵһֱԼĵܵܵӰ档
ϱ뿪磬ڻ˵һͷŵĻᣬֻû뵽Լִܵ


1996 ս
ǹŷ磬Ȼꯣûźܱرꯣ˵һ
ȿȣǰ⻰еˣ޵еǿߣûһǷϲģҲֲǰҲǰ˵½ĿڣΪ硣
㵹еڲţˣϱϣҲһƽˣʱҲˣҸûصǰˡ꯵˵
ɨ˹ŷһۣȻ˵Ҫһ飬㲻Ҫֹҡ
֪һҪֹ㡣ŷҲڡ
ǴһЩ⡣
ںϣһֱȻȥʱҿԻع飬һսкβɣüʵ
ڶǶĸ壬ҲҵѣҲʧں֮ˣȴˡŷҡͷ˵
꯶ϤһУҪ֣ꯣ֮еںϣʱ
飬ǹŷԲġ
ΪһںϣǾʧȥ˱ʶ
ֻһսˡŷ硣
˭Ҳû뵽ղŻúõˣʱȻսҪս
ֻлźͶ½˵˼
Ҫع飬ǷҪ˺ŷѣԹŷ粻Ը⣬Ҫֹ꯻ع顣
벻ֶˡ½ҡҡͷ
֣αز뵽Уŷ飬ùŷԼȥͺãǾ䡣ſڣȰ½
֣ŷӦóƺΪ⹫ңҲǹŷľүԼĺܵвȴ֣ҪԹۣѹֹŷս½ҡͷŻŵг֡
ɱҵӣлΪ޵еӡ뵽ž̲סŭա
ǸСһҲ˽⣬ʲôҲǳŷɱԹŷ磬ʵϾƾԣҪΪ޵еǿߣҲǲܵ顣½ҡͷ˵
û˵ôǶӣһнԸҲǻŽݵģʲôһǿߣԵһ㣬ѵд
ôһսҿ϶Ҫġ½˹ŷ粢
ŷ翴һۣû˵үѵԼҵֵ𣿶½ŷĸоȻҪǿˡ
ǣŷ粻ұ֤½ĵģȻû˵ǶԶ½һ㾯ġ
ϾǴûмΪ仰ԭ򣬹ŷŶ½Ҳ̫ûо֮ˡ
ãҵҪСܲȡ꯵ûκηŭս졣
ŷ籾ͷȫΧ£
⻯֮ƾͨ꯾̾
һ壬ʵͱһķֱ̫ͨˡ
ǰָ̡ŷ繰֣˵
ְɡ
꯿ڣɫƽʵϣԵĿ˵ĸ޵вεǿߣǴ꯵ϣȴһ㺦µ
¾񡣡
ʥӡ
ֻء
ͨŷ˳ȥµɱ⣬꯵ȥ
־ͨޱߡȫǹŷԼͨ

¶ȵɫͨǳˣӵпµȻСˡ
͡
½Ҳֻ֣һȴնŲ񷣬¡
һ޼᲻ݣûʲôԵסġȸղŻŵĽҲǿ˲֪١ǽޣǴﵽһּĽޣԶǻְܹȵġ
¶Ȼɫҵתβ࣬ȻиֳһѴꪣֱɨ˳ȥ
ͬ򵥴ֱȴӵпµܡꪺգͨͬʱͽײһ

һ죬꯵˺üȴδܵκ˺
֮ǰĶܣʵǿ𾪡
ľᵽԼ֮ʵ࣬ڹŷͶ½Ĺ֮УҲҪشпܱɱ
Ͼʵǿ֣߳ͲܵסΧ
úãֵҹˡ꯴ЦѾ졣
ꪺգŷһ䡣
Ǹƿ罣ͬɱȥǿĽ罣֮ӿģӲһ
һ̣ŷǸɳȥһ㱻ɱ
꯵ǿ𺳣̫ǰĴܣҲɿֲ˰ɡʵͱһķֻһУͲһ㱻ɱˡ
е˼꯴ЦȻɱ½
½ɫƽһѳ𣬽ڻ֮˸µ˼㣬綼ˡ
ơ꯴𣬴ǰѳײ
½һѪ˳˫󽣾ֳһ꯵ϡ


1997 

һ죬δ˿˿ڣǰѳǱ˻ȥ
˶𾪣ʲôҲֲ̫ˣԸ޵еǿһȻ˿
ŷ綼̲סɴ۾Ҫ¡
ǣȴδһͣϢתͷȫȥ

ŷȭͷ꯵ȭͷײȭͷըɫѪ䣬˿Ŀɿڴ
ŷ磬ղǿޱȣǺǰĴȣźܴĲࡣƲ࣬ղһ൱ڷͱһ֣ȴꯡ
͡
ɱ⣬ŷˡ
˳ȥһȭһط½ɳȥѪ
ʱꯣһ˵ڶսĴ޵еǿߣȻռϷ磬һֿµı֣𾪣̲סľ
̫ˣ˵뷨
ǰĴܣǲɵеģȻڸ޵еǿߣһ𣬶Ƕ֡
ŻղҪҪɱĻδܹù
䡣
ŷ籬λһ壬ֱӽԼս;˼㡣
Χ죬޾ħĤݣоȻȫɢڹŷĤݣ̫ˡ
һ˶𣬰䡣
һ̣ŷֱ֣ɱ˹ȥһУֻһ˫ȭͷ񷣬ƻ磬ҹŽ
һȭܼ򵥣ȴָӵ˼㣬޾򣬵ȫһ򵥵ıǰ
á
꯶̲סһ״¶صɫ
еĴûκ˸ȴһֿնĸоһ֮£˭סȻǶ½ҲǻҪһֱ˻˺Զ
Ƕ½֣һָоԼǿгֵĻԼ꯵һѾԽĳܵ
и̾ǰĴܣʵȷʵܹġ˵ܹ꯿ˣ¼ңѾȥ֮⣬ֻˡ
뵽Լӣ½˹ŷһۣһҲԼӵѪǿߵѪһǿҲȻġ

ŷӲꪣ³ȴңӱ飬ƽɫѪ䣬ÿһѪ̺žɱ⣬һ硣
ա
ŷȣЩѪ⵹ɹŷ塣
ꯣȻҲ˳ȥŷ֮УһĨȺ͡ȻһѪ
㾹ȻңСҲһ¡꯴Ц
ʱϢȻǿ󣬵ȴһָоǲɵеˣùŷ¶ȵɫȻû뵽һ㡣
ɾ磬Ʋֽ࣬ȴһֱ׶ˣǲܵһ˺ƣҵʵҲϱ£ʱѾ޵˵ġ꯸̾
ղôǿֻһ״̬ʱƣһܹܵ˺
ŷꯣڴĲʱ꯵ʵҲǸղ޵еûжֵĵزˡ
ֹȴǳʺ㣬Ҽǿģս˵꯶Źŷ磬Ŀơ
ŷһϽ˵ǰͷ
˶Ŀƣ֮УһĨȡ
ķţҲõʵϣڳ˶ˣЩдŷӲƾֲԺŷͶ½
ַţһ̶޵УõõֱԳͬס
㵹Ǵãұ㽫˷ڸ㣬ϣӦһ顣ûԥֱӴӦȻĿƣŹŷ硣
ŷһֱ˵ǰ˵
ѰҵеĳԱʱԸԸںϣͿԼ뷨ˡ꯵˵
ǸԼһĻᣬŷкסԷҪڲķţŷǲΪʲôĻȷʵеⲻȥ
ңû˵ҪӲ֮ںϣֻ˵ԸĻȻŷûʲôԴӦġ
ŷȻ˵
ãǲķš˵꣬һ⣬ûŷ嵱С
ŷһ¶ɫϣһ⸡֣Ȼû꯿£Ҳ㹻ˡ
ⲻֱΪģû뵽ֻ˲˲ľ裬ȻΪϱ꯴Цͬʱ廯飬һʱ֮ϣ֮ǰ
־ҲǴδԽ棬˭޷⣬Ȼ֮ǰĴҲһ


1998 ѼѼ
ʧ֮ǰˣһεĸо˭Ҳû뵽һսȻܹʶ񼣡
ŷǼսţǴսǰĴꯣǵõ˲
ڽһսҲлɵƣȥƹŷˡ
͢ǣŷ֮У˲ʣڻƼ˵ǽǶ˶ˡ
ţһս𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
ŷĻɫһڣҪվ
ʱ½ϽסЦãû˵һһСʲô
һ̫ˡŴŴ
½Ц̲ס˵飬ʵƼԹñˣС˵ǹŷģѵҲҪǷǣ㽫ŷɱˣܹΣȵܻܵκͣ
ߣҪ𣿡˵Щžã½˵ȻηԼĵܵһˬ
һֱϱǼһԴ㶼㣬Ϊĸ磬ǹŷȴһϱΪصһɱֵ嶼ҪϾˡ½ҡͷɫ֮дһĨЦ
ŲΪȻԥǴʱȴֵɡ
У÷ˣ˭ı˭֪㲻ԼĵܵܣõĻѵҲ𣿡½Ц
뵽Լ֮ǰԼɷǻŽŷôˣҲԻǡԼãϱɲһŲܻŵǲϱĸ磬ֻҪ˺ˣȻҪ֣նɱԷǻţҲһ
ʲôŴһս
ԼĵܵܣԼǸãȴ־壬ǸŮˣı̬мΪηһˡ
ģˡһ䣬תߡ
ˣ˶Ŀɿڴʿ̲ס𾪣ŷţǺҲȻţƣԵˣǡ
ˣ½һ
һŷ絭˵
½Ц˵ֺǣ޾ˣıԲֻΪ⹫Ĺ⻷ѹƵĴԲŻģ㲻Ҫƽϡ
һûйȥһϷټˡŷ˵ֱ꣬һ˦ӣʧ뿪
ŷ뿪ıӰ½ЦԼıӣԼǵһαһС˺ء
Ͼô˵ŷҲǹŷŵ׸磬͹ŷ֮ѪԵϵǷǳܵġ
ףڸʲôһӰ֡Ƕ
ȥɣһйŷ磬ͻȻһָоҲ벻ıϱǷĵ뿪϶Ҳ㵽ʲôеˣҵǾòҪˡ½Ц˵
¼ҪõˣԼȹһδֻءϾ֮УȻǿߣʵǿ󣬿ԶĴֻصɨǱϾÿһ˶ӵʵͻԵֻеõˣܹסˡ
ֻǣʱŷı֣ȴö½ϨԼͷ
һԤУһδֻأҪ𾪵ıԭܼ򵥣Ϊ˹ŷһļһ
һ£ȻʲôҲû˵Լ׵жϣŲɵġԶ½˵ҪȥǱҪȥ
ŷǻصݵУɫ˷ܣһʤ̵ӡ
ԯݺᣬɫЩ䡣
ȫ߹ǸܵĴսδϹȥΪּ֪ĴսȻǰҲֻܹǸۡ
ʹذħˣҲûв뵽еʸ񣬳ƴһУּܹǿһս
һսҪٵģȴ޾ֻأԵԣҪͷǲƴġ
ԯݺᣬ׷ʲô飿Ӳԡŷ綢ԯݺʵɫ֮еģһĨࡣ
ŷδԯݺӣ־˼㡣
˶ԯݺȫĿͶ˹ȥ
ԯݺ죬ЩɳƵ˵ѼѼˡ
ŷһ¶ŭɫ
Ƽҵˣȫŷ𶯾죬֮е˶ˡ
ŭˣɱֱָƼҡ
˭Ҳ֪ʲô飬˶֪ŭеʧˡûбϣɱ⣬˵ĩһ
ף͢ҲУǱȼѼѼˣѼѲԸ⣬ȴͨסˡ˵ԯݺ۾Ѫ졣
һңŷʵ
һδļ壬֪˭ԯݺҡͷ
֪ŷЦ


1999 Ƽ
ߡŷ翴һԯݺᡣ
ȥԯݺһ¡
ŷЦƼҡ
ŷҪϻƼңʻƼѼѵ䡣ƼѼѵݲıãԯݺİˣǾȵļ޸ˣôӣԹŷһҪŪһ
ԯݺ˵ãҾ͵仰أҪѼѾȳϲҡԯݺȭͷ
Ƽŷ罫Ŀɨ˵֪϶֪Ƽʲôط
ʮÿһ۷壬һʮƼסﶼ֪ǲء
߹ŷƼҵ꣬Ȼ˵ǧҪСģ޵еǿߣеֶΣȻãҲҪСĲҪ﷭
סŷĵͷ
õ꣬ŷֱӴԯݺ뿪һΣŷŭı˿µɱǻƼѼѣԯݺᣬǹŷΪҪѺˣȴ䵽һ³ŷǲǲء
ԽһƬһƬĿռ䣬Ȼһǰ
쳣ȹ̣о˵ϣϵ赲ǿߵĽ롣
ŷȴҲһֱۣ˺ϣ˽ȥ
ʵﵽŷ磬ʲôϣ˵㲻ʲôֻҪ˲ܹ˺
Ȼ֮ϣȴ˺ġϣ̵˼㣬Ҫ˺Ͳܡ
ԣʹ޵еǿߣҪ棬ҪͨһЩͨ
ǽƼڵ֮󣬹ŷ綼Щˣﲢеʮ㣬ʮƶ񤣬Ǻܳԣңеĵ޵˼㣬ʹǹŷĴڣԲ׽
󣬾Ȼʿܹһ֮
ŷҲףּĻ֮ǿߣԱЩԽ֮ǿҪĶࡣ
Ϊܵ㹻ĥ£Ȼһ㡣
˭һȳһ˹ȫۼǿߡ
ɷ죬һԼ֮䣬ԶԸ쾳еĸ߽ǿߡŷоȣȻΪƼңһ󷨣㹻ˡ
ǹŷ磬һ͢ҡŷ絭˵ǺܿнģֻҪʵǿ˵ٹ֣ᱻȻġ
ŷ硣
һȫɫղŷ飬Ѿ˻Ƽ֮У֪Լˣһ㱻ŷɱ̫ϳϻţҲе㲻ǹŷĶ֡
û뵽ŷô죬ˡ
ʱһȺʿҪߣȴߣΪƼҹ涨սӣҪܴܵĳͷ
ȻӣԹŷ磬һɫŵ˼㡣
ýţҲǵ鷳ģֻһ͢ҡŷ絭˵δҪΪЩƼʿ
Ȼŷ˵ĺݣлףƼֻԼĸ׵ңԼˣܹɱ䡣
ڡһʿӲͷƤ˵
ңȥˣȴҲǵļСǵԴŷ˵ǺܿЩһƭԼ
٣Щܹ֪ģŷүҪΪˡһʿЦһίŷ˵
Ϊˣŷ絭ʵ
ŷĻǸʿӦҲϽ˵ǣҸղ˵ˣֻǿѣŷүؽôܻΪЩءǸʿϽͣŵùǺ
⻹ࡣŷͷ
ǸʿһŷȴһֻץסĲӣֱӽץ˹
ʿҪѹŷǣƣǹŷȴͲ⣬ûǸʿȴоŹŷץԼĲӣԼϵжʧȥһҪǸͲܵ顣
˵ѡŷЦ
û˵ѡǸʿ
оŷϵٲͣı󣬿Ҫ˶ãԴͻᱻֱʶһ㣬Ǹʿһҧ׼ԱҲǹϣԱĻԪ£һ壬˵ʵ̫ˡ
ͷ­ժԪУ¾Σˡ
ʿǳȡᡣ
ֻǣ𾪵ԼҪԱȴ֣ԼѾϢסˣûа취ǹ
ôܣ¶ɫ
ûʲôǲܵģȣ̫ԶˣҪҵǰԱֱǳ롣ŷЦ˵
ǸʿɥĶŹŷ磬֪Լǲӵùŷħˡ
͢һУ벻ĻɡŷغĿ磬ɨ硣


2000 ֻɱ͢
ŹŷĻ͢ΪòԼ£ڹŷУΪ壬涼ҵĻλãˡ
͢ŷ˵ֱһƳ˹ȥ
̫ˣͲǻƼң͢ľ˾ˡ
ڹŷ˵ЩνˣûЩֵϧ
ס֡ų֣ס˹ŷһ
ĶŹŷ磬ŭ㵽Ҫʲô
ɱ쵰ŷ˵
ľ˾ˡŶŹŷ磬ҧгݵ˵
֪Լ͹ŷսֲãԴʱҲսˡҶ½˵ˣŷţʵάžܹܹŷ磬ʱҲˡǴ˹ŷ磬Ҳûʲôôһӿֲļһǵˡ
Һƽŷ۾˵
ŷĻŷЩɻˣ̲סʵ׷ʲô飿
ĺöӣôұõġŷ˵
Щɻ󣬽ĿתԼĶӡʱ͢亹
ŷ˵ǸѾͷǼѼѣôˣʵ
͢亹Ц˵ѼѼˡ
Ȼأżʵ
ҺǶ޸˶һ͢Щ˵
Ļ¶ԾɫȻŭôͿһаޱȣȻҲЩеһԱ˭ҲԸ̫֮ǣôܹѼѼ޸ǣ彻
һλˣһ壬岻һϣκη涼ͬǶһ壬ȴǿ󣬿⼸塣
ݸ߹󣬺ͼѼҲŵԣǳϲѼѣǻƼңҲкô͢С˵
Ųһ㱻ıȥŭŻ͢Ķӣֱһ͢ĳ嶯
ǿеŭ𣬻תŷ磬˵ҲˣڼѼѲǻƼң޸˶һҲĸŷûбҪΪһƼҵ鷳
ƨŷһ
ָԯݺᣬŭûУǼѼѵˣѾȴһȺ쵰ˣģӽղɱ͢Բֵܡ
ŷɱ죬ԯݺҲ۾Ѫ졣ڷߺޣҪԼʵ㣬ôᷢ飬˼㡣
ŷ磬̫ˣ籾Ǹĸ֮ý֮ԣ˽˵ҲҪˣڼѼҲǻƼˡ˵Ҫ߹ŷ硣
˵͢ţ㲻Ҫһҵˡŷ˵
ʱŵɫҲ׳ȻܿԼĶӱɱ˵飬ǲˡ
ֻɱ͢ŷ˵
͢Ǻ޵˼㡣ȻĻִϾԼúһֵܵҸпҪٵϡ
Ҳ˵һ䣬ܡ˵
ʧȥһӣڻ˵Ѿһ־޴Ĵˣٱɱһӣžܲ˵ġ
ŷ粻˵ֱӻֻأɱȥ
˻ţ鶼ɫǸܵһӴȥҪֻء
ǷǳµһĻǹŷɹĻƼ磬Ҫ군ˡ
˶ᱻӡʵȻŶ޷ǻظΪ뵽ŴһֱӶȥòΪ¹ƼҵİΣʵ
ס𣿡ŷЦ
סҲҪɫ죬סôˣ˵Ҳһ쳣ѵ顣
ЩƼʿ֣̿Ҳ쾳ǿߣҪ֣ţǵֻ֮ϣȴһöûС
ʵ̫ˣǸͲֹŷĹ
ߡ
ŷһֻرֱӺ˻ŵϡ
Ѫɳȥ΢΢ЩȻܵ˺ᡣ
ʵϣֻ֮쳣ֲԽһУȻܡ
㵲סɱˡŷЦ
ǹƽһսҪܻţҲҪһЩֶΣǴʱȴһͶҪôƼˣ޷ʩչԼʵ͹ŷһս
ԣܣҲе顣
ŷ磬̫СһƼˣΪƼܹôʱ䣬ѵֻҺ͵ܵ𣿡Ц
ŷһƼһи֣
ҾҪúüʶһ£ʲôƼҵĵ̡Ц
Ƽһʱ¶ϲɫ
ҪǸˡ
Ǹһ˭ܹס뿪ʱ˵Ǹֶδ֮£Ѿżʵˡ
ŵĶۣϼһ˲УǶϰٸʱȫһ˷ܵɫ


2001 طٻѩ
ŷһһϱĵ̣Ҫʲô
żŷûгִ̧֣һһŻһµϢľ
ʲôŷһȻܵһѹϢµĵ˼㣬Ȼܹѹ
ңǹϢǳ񱩣˻Ϣ
һƼҵĵ̣ŷ磬˵̫СǻƼˡŴЦɫ
ŷ翴һۣмȻе̣Ҳ⹫ģʲôϵ治֪ʲôԽġ

űĹǺɫ࣬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪһ
˵飬ôҲ˲ڻ˵ϱһӰʹʵҲڸ޵еľ磬ԼܴܵѹȴԶ޷ʧ
ɱܻһŻ
ŷ¶ɫȻ֪һŻ֮УһʲôӵĴڣǺԶԷʵǳǿҵ
ǰ׳𣿡һ𣬶ʱùŷסˡ
ԯݺ᱾ҲЩŵģǴʱҲסˣǺϤŷĶû뵽ԼڻƼҵ֮У档
ٻѩŷ纰һ
ס
һӰ֣ٻѩУһԵϢȴδһ仯ʱŷ֮У˼

ԯݺͻȻ̲סЦ˳
ʱ򣬻ųɵˡղٻѩԹŷĳƺףʿɲ㺰á
ܣ֮䣬ûһѪϵŲŵĴ󺰵
ٻѩļ̸ŷЦ
ŷĻʧȥѪɫ̸ҲǸףԼȻųŷŮԸŷ磬ֱ̫Цˡ
ڵãһһľ棬ǱԼŪ˶һԼǸһûһҪѪĳ嶯
ԯ塣ٻѩԯݺк
ԯݺͷɫ֮ҲЩˡ
ٻѩŷߣ˵ĸ첲һǵӡ
Ҫ֪ˣ϶˵ģЩǿˣ֪ǳ㡣ŷ̾˵
ŷĻٻѩ۾Щ죬Ҳ뵽ԼĸףҪ֪һεķֱʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣǧ꣬Щʿ˵һʱ̫ˡ
ԣԼĸףٻѩǷǳ˼ġ
ĸ׻ðɣٻѩʵ
ŷͷЦ˵ãЩ㣬ǸСһе˼㣬Ҳ¶
ʵҲˣ⹫˵ˣɵʱ򣬾Ͳ׼ҳء뵽ٻѩЩƲ֡
ȻõǿҲǷǳʱ䣬ûмԼĸˣȻῪġ
⹫Ȼ˵ϱŷƲƲ죬ȻʵǸϼһôѵôǿһָоʵֱˡ
ŷ棬ԯݺҲ档
֪⹫ʲô֮ԴҵڣȻô󣬰һЩ޵ĵãȫڸˡٻѩЩãȻ˵
֮Դŷ̲סһǻ֮ļޣ֮У֮Դģǵʿ۷壬޵С
ٻѩڵӣȻѾﵽǸˡ
ֲôǿֻǣ֮ԴϱǴõġ
⹫˵һλѣŮıԴŮս䣬ʣµıԴ⹫һֱڡٻѩԼ֪飬˵˳
ԭŷͷٻѩǿǷǳ˵ģԼ߶һ޵еǿߣȻһ¡
ˣʱҪˣȴǸ͢ɣҪɱסšŷ翴ٻѩһۡ
û⣬ԡٻѩսСȭͷȣǰǸ˼СѾͷˡ
ǾͺáŷЦ
ڻţɫ쳣ÿŭٻѩŭٻѩ㲻Ҫ˭һУҪ˶ԸǻƼ𣿡
ٻѩ˻һۣ˵к˭ҵһУҲ˾Բǡ
ҧĳӶˡ
ˣ֡ŷ翪ڡ
ٻѩֱɱ˹ȥһϢòȴޱȣʱֱ֣֮ӽѹ·硣
ʵϣ⻹ٻѩѹʵֵأΪ֪ŵĴʵһȫŻɱش˶õġ
ϾŵݣǷǳģΪϱĴ磬ŷ綼ɱ


2002 ɱ͢
˿սڻ͢ɫ԰ס
֪ˣԼױ˲ס͵סŷĹɡ
뵽ֱתߣҪᣬ
Ż͢Ǳӵӣ˶⣬Ͼһˣ͢ˡ
߲ŷ絭˵ĻһֻץضգȻֱӽ͢ץ˻
Ȼʱ͢ӵۼʵҲ㲻ŷѰ
㣬Ҫɱҡ͢ŷ֮У˿ֱӹ˵ϣһధӡ
ŷ磬ɱҶӣĲ㡣һߵĻŴŭ
ڱס͹
ʵϣǸˣҲû̫תϾһ˵ʵǲܵסŷٻѩ˵Ĺġ
ұûдҡŷ絭һЦȻһڻ͢ϡ
ۡ
һ졣͢ɱʲôûʣ¡
һĻ֮󣬻һԼĴӾȻˣԼĴӣŻǷǳиģĵһӣһᵽΪ˸ĸоĶӣٴγʱ򣬻ͲǺ⡣
ģֻԼĴӶѡ
ڣһӣȥɱˡ
ŴһдһĨ
ŷɫ䣬ֱĨ˻͢кۼȻžͨʱյʱҲûһ취ˣΪŷĨһУȻҪ͢Ȼôס
Ҫɱ㡣Ŵŷ˹ȥ
ŷ翴ٻѩһۣٻѩֱӵס˻ţǼսŸͳ岻ȥ
Ҫˣ㲻ҵĶ֣Ǹ׵Ķ֡ٻѩ˵ɫ֮Щͬ飬ϾԷĶˣ֣ȥһ㶼顣
ֻҪٻѩκ˺ŷ硣
ŵȻˣĲٻѩĶֻ֣սûж೤ʱ䣬ݽߵĸо
Ϊÿһóʮֵǲ۲ء
ԶԣٻѩɶˣֵסŵĹһ㶼óһȻԵõĸо
ŴŭȴΣٻѩķͲҹŷ籨
ţдȣھȻУǿЦյ飬ΪֹҪֵ飬ȻĻҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬻ڵĺ顣ŷ˵
˼ҲǳԣҪԼ鲻õʱĻŷп֣ܳɱ䡣
ŷɱ⣬侲
ʱŲʶԼһӣʲôǼ˹ŷ磬һɱ䣬Ƽҵʧʹˡ
ʱĹŷӵƼҵΪģΪٻѩʵֱƵϱԽڻ֮ϡ
ãҴӦ㲻ֵ飬ŷ磬ҲպҪ̤ǻƼҵˡ˵
Ǳŷˣ¹ŷڵʲôټһٻѩ磬治ǵĶ֡
ŲһɵӣܴԲľ
ֻҪŷٻѩҪˣǻƼңȻǸǿĻƼҡ
û⣬ΪҪƵطŷƲ죬Ƽҵ磬Դ˹ŷܲмԼ⹫֮⣬ûм˻ᱻŷ翴С
ԣŷƼҵ磬пǵһΣҲпһΡ
ԺȻǹŷ⹫ˣŷ綼δػ
ŷĻȻеǻŻǵ˵ͷ
һ⡣ŷ絭ʵ
һҡŷŵе䡣ȻɵıǹŷȻܲˬ
ںͻ˵ʱҲûʲô
ŷĻЩԼЩˣ̾һȻ˵һꡣ
ǶһڵĵطŷֻҪ꣬Դﵽһסĵط
ߡ
ŷֱ˵һԥûС
˺ѿռ䣬ֱ뿪
ҪȥĵطǶһסĵط
Ͷȫһ״ĶСǣЩϣŷûиܵĸ߰
һֱȽϲб飬ʹֵزҲȻı䲻˲бıԡ
ȻٻѩֻԴȣͲ̫Զˡ
ŷǽ֮󣬱ܵ˹һʨͷ­ӵ壬ŷǳ˹Ӵѹء
ʨŷ羪ȣȻֻǹŷû뵽Ȼڶ˵еĶĲǺܼ򵥡
ŷ޾壬ʨǿ󣬵Ǻ͹ŷȣ̫Զֻһα𾳽Ĵڡ
ŷᵯָͷʨ˳ȥһ㱬顣
һֵĴȻתӡ


2003 ɱ
ʨ¶ֵɫȥ
ŷ˲ֱӸġ
һʥɽϢŸֶʥɽԱߣҲһЩɽ壬йҲж̻
ʨ׷ʱһͷ˵һͷ˵һͷͻȫͻӣֻϲëۼףʱһ˫ѪɫӶڹŷǵϿԣηǿߣҴҶ硣
ɱ
ŷһȻֱӳ֣һֱͷ
ۡ
֮䣬һĨѪɫͷɱʱסĶ
Ҫ֪ղǿһ쾳Ķʵǿ󣬾Ȼɱ˵˵ʵһ쾳ǿߣҪ뿪
һͷ֣ȴĶԳһˣڹŷǵǰɫ
ǺˣȻɱҶһĳԱǸ˺ǳ
ŷ翴һۣһʵﵽ쾳۷徳ǿߣȻδ޵УǱǣ˶١
ŷٴγ֣һֻѹ£ҪɱԷ
Ǹû뵽ŷᣬͲϻֱӳ֡
æֿȴã֮ʵ̫ˣȻŷ粻ȫ֣ҲԴ
ۡ
һѪⱬӱɱ
һ۾ȫˣݺݵĶŹŷ硣Ҫ֪ղǸˣǵ峤Ȼɵˣŷ֮г˳ޡ
㵽˭ҶҪʲôһվ˳ŷʡ
ʱ˵ݶûиǱ㱻ɱλ֣һ˻峤Щβŭ
㲻˭ֻҪ֪ɱ˵ľˡŷ絯ָҪɱۼʿ
ˡ
һһֻɫצֱŷײһ
䡣
ռ飬ȴδ顣
Ǹ޵оĴ磬Ȼǿ߼սҲδܹ飬Ͼ磬ʵǺܶ࣬Ǵ˲֪ˣѾǿһĵز
ŷɫ䣬ٴγֱ֣צ˹ȥ
ߡ
һ޴ĳ򣬺ɨ
о޴ĹǴ̣˸űĺâԶ޵еǿߵ
ǹŷ޾壬ֱһƳ棬ĹǴ۶ϣ򶼲һ㱻˺
ʲôһԱȫ𾪡
ղųֵǸڣǶһʼ֮һȻŷˣǿһ޵еĴڰ
ȻΪۣʵȻǿ󡣡һȵһӳ֣ɫļУһ˫Ӷڹŷϣһɺ⡣
Ҳ֪ǣһʲôʱˣǸǿ߿ڣ֮͸һŭ
ȻŷΪöһʼŭˡ
峤ɱˣŷ̫ˡ
ҪԼˡŷЦǿޱȣһ壬һǷеӡ
ƨǶһδȻߣҲǵ͵ޱȣǷͻҲδһйʲôԹŷǹҲİɡһһԱǳ⡣
ŷ翴һۣǸըԪ񶼲һ顣
ֵĶ㵽˺棬Ҳ˵һ仰ˡ
ĶĳԱЦ⵽˭Ƕŷ·ȻЩԱҪԵͲб
ҺҴ˵ûķݣһȻûòŷ絭˵ʱеĶһԱŭĿӡ
ŷ磬ͲҪҲˣ˵ɣҶһôˣǸʼʵ
Ǻˣŷʵ
ʼ֮һΡ˵Լ֣Ȼһ˫Ӷڹŷϣѹ
ŷҡͷ㲻ã峤˵
峤Ѿɱˡǳ鴤˵
ŷһ£Ȼ뵽ͷһĶ̲סһۡ
ǵ峤˳ŷ絭˵
ˣʵ
ŷͷ
Щɻ󣬶οȻǲ֪ϱ֮ĹϵЩ
ŷ֪ȷʵǲ֪ʵϣ֪ŷ۵ݣΪ֮ǰһսŷһ˼ս޵еǿߣ·硣ǿߵע⣬ǶΣ֮ǰͲ֪˭
ȻⲢǱʾһ͵һ˷ìܣֻһǽԷ壬ʵһǳб塣
ƨδˣٷˣûΪܹǾݣһԱŭ
ƼѼûΪŷüͷһ壬ǾԲܵ顣ϱԸ񣬸鷢
ǳһʱ֪ŷ絭һЦ


2004 Ҳ
ٷ˳ε˵
εĻһǿߣΣȻȥˡ
ãӰ֣һ֮ԯݺʱһ¶ɫ
ŷҲˣһˣȻǻƼѼѡֻǴʱѾͷɫЩ㲣ǰһɷѾͷϣŷоһΪ
ǻƼѼδΪϵˡ
סǸΡŷٻѩȻֱӳ˳ȥ
ʱһң˭Ҳû뵽ŷһ仰û˵ȻֱӶˣҿĿ꣬ȻԼٷˡ
Ǹһ쾳ʿǴʱڹŷѹ֮£ȻҲܶ
ҪֿܣֻܹŹŷӽ
쵰ŷ㵽Ҫʲôŭغ
ŷ֣ҪŷǴʱٻѩֱ֣Ӳһ
εɳȥٻѩ֮г𾪡һСȻܹˣ˵ɣ˵ٻѩʵ֮ϡ
ŷֱһķǸ峤ȻסƼѼѣص˸ղվĵط
ԯݺἤĻô꣬ٴμ˻ƼѼѡ
ݺᣬ硣ƼѼʱ򣬲ŷӦϳ˹ŷˡ
ͻȻһڹŷĻУ
ԯݺ۾ͨ죬ȻڳԴףҲǷŭƼѼѵӣȻǳ˲ٵĿͷ
ȻĻѾͷԸǲֵġ
ģѾͷ֮Ȼ֪ʲô飬ⲻӰ֮ĸ顣ŷԯݺᴫ
ԯݺ¶ϲɫںŮŮģ˵İ֮䣬ûһ覴ãһ¡
ûˣˣݺҲˣίˣңô£ŷʵʱٻѩҲ˻
ûг֣Ϊ֪ԼٻѩĶ֡
ȻƣǶȴòһ㡣
ԯݺһۣԯݺỹһĶԼƼѼһƯС¶ŭɫ˵ǻ͢ͻ쵰ӲҪҼ޸ǸһҲͬ⣬ǻҵΪȻ÷ҡ
˵ƼѼһ⡣
Ϊ˵ԭΪ˱˵ӣĳЩԭĻѾǴˡ
Ѿɱˡŷ˵
ƼѼ΢΢ЩԾ˵ɱúá
ĳѾͷҲǶ˺޼ˣŻ˵Ļ
߰ɡŷ˵ȻѾҵ˻ƼѼˣҲˡ
׼ߡ
֪ʱǸ峤Ȼһùŷ뿪
ɱǶһԱ峤ˣǾ뿪Ҳ̫Ƕһ˰ɡҲ˵
ĻŷתһۣЦ˵Ҫô
ܼ򵥣Ǽ˵Ц
ƾ㣿ŷ粻м
ŷĻҲ¶һĨмɫЦȻһˣλֳ
Ӱ֣ǻŻ˿֮תſµ˺ء
˵ʵڶ֮ϡ
顣һ˽Լɫ࣬һͷһǶһΪǿĴڣ˲֪£Ƕεֳ
һǿ߽ԼȻΣȴһβͣ˵̣Ǹһ£ȻǸ޵еǿߣҲᱻ˺ѵġ
ǿһ֣Ƿ硣
һƼѾͷѪͲãû뵽һˣҲδЦ˵
Ѫŷһ¡
ǳȡҵѪҺоүүĵƬЩÿһʱ䣬Ƕڴ뾫ѪƼѼѺ޺޵˵

ԯݺŭúԼԼʵ̫ˣйŷʵһҪǰնɱеĶһĳԱ
ҪѾûˡԯݺŭƼѼѵ¶˵ɫԯݺһԼˣûȻŭһΪԼ
ЩƼѼѴδԯݺᣬڼںԼʱۡ
ŷ磬ҸɵЩ쵰ԯݺ˵
ģһӲŷһĨŵЦݡ
ŷǵĶԻȴ·ЦһθЦ֪СˣΪƾˣѵ˵Ķ𣿡
ŷҡͷ˵һ㣬ˣǲǣֻһȺûеȶǷŭŷٴ˵һ㣬ʵҲ޵еǿߡ
Ǻǣþòû뵽һЩСһһˡһɵ۳֣ϱ޵еǿߡ


2005 
˶ȥ˹ŷ磬û֪۵ݡ
üͷˣʱǵһȻ˺ΪСء
Ǻˣʵ
ۿһۣ˵棬һЩľѪĹȻҲҳԼһ壬ֱһЦ
¶ɫǵݣԭֻͨˣȻ̤֮·ǲǿ;ޡ
ֻΪһЩԭֵˣһЩһľԪزܣȴֵֻ֪Ǵʱȴһİ˵˳β𾪡
㵽˭ʡ
죬㻹֪˭𣿡۵˵
Ӷȷʵסˣ죬Ȼ֪˭үҲǴ˵еү˵Ҫبűڵ档
Ȼʧˣ֪٣ȴִǿߣȻ˭Ҳףȥпܻ֡
۵֣˼ֱеͷߵĳ嶯
ͬǸ޵еǿߣ֮ʵȴźܴĲࡣ˶һˣǻģǺȻǲܵġŷȻǸ޵еǿߣʵѾﵽ־ˣٻѩһܹѹƶεǿߡ
ûκʤ㡣
ǺˣڽˣǲݵĽ
ⶼһᣬڴ򿪶磬λ뿪ɡ亹˵
һۣ۵˵һأһսشǲֿҲУȫ壬ǵϣұĶûиֻܵܵ޾̰
ۣ㲻Ҫ̫ɫһ
ô˵Ҳһ壬ʵǿȻۣЩ㣬Ҳġ
۸ôˣ۵˵
۵ĻŷֱһĴָүǹȻҪĴڣְױȡ
۸ôˣֻҲֻ۲Ż˵ôȻ
ۣҾǰҪһս㲻Ҫ̫֣սһ岢㡣˵
ڶְɣҵҪ棬ʲôӵʵҪ֪ǸʱΪǿĴڣ𣬾ӶҪɵľѪǿմߣҳֺһսûԼˡ۵˵һûн
Ƕ֣ȻֻǲûһҲʵ̫߰һɡ
㲻ҪǡȻ붯ֵ֣Ļǿ϶ǱذܵĽ
ϻ̫ˡЩˬ˵ֻҪһû뵽ȴôķϻ
Ҳ˵ֱһƳ˳ȥסˡ
ǰҪһŷ羪ȵ˵
ƨӶɵΪ޵˵أǸʲô飬ͽˣǸѾͷˡ˲˰š
û⡣ŷЦ
Ҳ˳ȥɱȥ
ɫһ䣬֪һսɱˣЦһȻ֣ŷ缤սһ
Ĺǳ£֮ƿֲŷӲȻ˿·硣ڶϣһƬ֣סԼȫ
ʩչⲫսɱս񷶼ˡ
ŷĻܶ飬ȴҲףԼҪѺܴĹ򡣶ʱѾ˽ˡ
ϻ͵һͿһ˼ս޵УȻѹơ
ŷҲڣֱӻ
ŷսǿߣΧһˣǿɲ˵ġǰĴһۣŲȻĻȻۣԹŷҲҪͷۣҪһս
ʵȻۡ
ԣŷ绯ʱ򣬶ʱˣ֪ˣԼǹŷĶ֣һľҪӿˡ
൱ŷսȫɱ顣
һսĺܿ죬ǶʵȻĻͲܵסֱӱɱԪ񶼱ȼһɾ
һɫÿŷ綼Ѿ˶֣ں˾ʵүͷ
뵽ŭһֱʩչԼΪµͨ
죬ѹ۴죬Ȼѹȥ
һֿµֱһصѹֱӽ档
ôܹġȻԼ䵽زҲͷֻۣܹӲ
ۡ
ۡ
죬ǵ屬飬Ԫ񶼿ʼˡۣͷðȻҪɱˣô򵥵ġ


2006 ҼҾ
һʼ棬ȫɱһʣ¡
ŷǹϵ˼㣬ּ壬Ͳ鵱УֻȻǻţ˵Ҳûκκôǵ磬пڹؼʱ̣һĴ
һĳԱɫ֣֪̿ˣԼʼȫɱе˳ޣŷǣҪΪԼʼǱҲתҪ뿪ԼǹŷǵĶ֡
һĳԱΪˡ
۵һЦȻһֻѹ䣬ס硣
ۡ
ɻңжԱɱһʣ
Ǹ޵еǿߣּɱһ磬Ĳ
ףλǰ˭ôôٻѩ𾪵˵
үŷЦ˵
ٻѩһ£үǲ޵Ĵ
һҪǿߣ޾ǰǿߣۣҲү游㡣ƼѼ˵
϶ûкûɡһЦϱǷǳ˽ġ
ƼѼͷЩ˼ĵͷ
Ǹ϶Ժʱһ֪Ϊʲôô졣ЦһЩˬ˵
Ȼ˹ŷһֱۣӶ˹ŷ֮С
⣿
˾ȡ
ڻǰֵʱȻؼҰɡŷ˵
ﻹмң׺ĸ׶ȥս游ǣһֻʣһˣƼҵ̫쵰ˣүүھ۸ңҲҪȥƼѼѾС˵
һԼ̲סҧ
Һö峤ǣΪԼѪҺԼ壬ȻĻĲ֪ԯݺˡ
磬ҵļҾļҡŷ絭˵ȴ͸һֲɵζ
ǵĵطļҡԯݺ˵
ٻѩһסƼѼѣЦ˵Сùã㲻Ҫģٻѩء
Ǽģһһʱ䣬ֱٻѩʼչǸʱٻѩһֱƺƼѼСùá
š
ƼѼѵ˵ͷ˲١
һˣص硣뿪֮ǿߣӵʱ̲סһ
죬ôܣһͷ߰׵˵Ĳš
ǿͬһ壬Ȼˣôܣ
ŷĳɳˣʵеҪǿ̫ˡһӢӣ˵о˸
˲ɶᣬŷ۶ҪĶ࣬ЩȻپޣҲλʱ򣬳޵еľ磬ǹŷˣǸͲܴ϶ȡˡ½ڣƽ
Ҳ֪ʲôȴ֪ŷͶ¼йϵţǶ½á
ҲŲأҪֻأֻжȡˣܹסЩ˵ĺ˵ǻţɫĮһĨ⡣
˵ĲҪֻأҪˣŷƿˣǾҪȡûбĳ·һеӣӢһ˿һ˵Ļ
ϵѾ׵ĵزԽһڵ
Ȼŷ綼ߡ
ҵǾãŷ粢ǲˣĻŷ˵ӦαسءһŮӣһɴޱȣȻδգȴԿ϶һʾĴˡ
ƣ鲻еô򵥣ŷѱὫǷеģοѵԸȥһеǿЦͣΪ׼ҵʼ棬Ҳ׶ĸס
Ը⡣Ƶ˵
㲻Ը⣬ҵȿ϶ҲԸ⡣ʹЦ
ƿһۣ˵˾Ը⡣
˭˾ȡ
֮еˣ˭ܹӣȥһ
ƽĿ˶½ϣһЦ⡣
½Ц̲ס˵¾ҲҪӣŷҲӦǣûкøС
ΪʲôǸӢʵ
ܼ򵥣ڹŷУǶųЩˡ½Ц
½ĻǸͷ߰׵ЦǿЦһСȻǣųֶʲôô֪Ŀ¡
׵Ѳҿֱñѹɣùŷ罻ˡһͷɫͷǿߣɢµĻ⣬ʱڣ˵Ļ
ǿ֮һ˱ǽΪĸס
ǿƣ˵Ļ졣
ѹҲûôףǿ֪ܲǣŷļŮعˣʵϱĵ֮£ѾӽϱǸΪҵãǿƳˣ𣿼Ϲŷһ壬ǲûʤ㡣½Ц


2007 ƹŷ
˵һ½ôһ˵ҲʶԡҪѹŷ磬ô׵ģ˵ŷԼʵٻѩ͹ŷţǾͷ۵Ĵڡ
Ǹô죿Ӣ˵Ϊҵļ
Ϊ֮ƣֻеˡͷ߰׵˵üͷЩˬ
׸ѣٵȥˣ˵ֻصӿҪӽŷʵڿУ޷ѹŷ磬Ļǲѹŷˡ̲ס˵
ڹŷ磬Ǻ޵˼㣬ȻԷܵܵӡ
ǣ޵ǣԼȻûа취޷κιŷ磬еܴ
ƿ˻һۣ̲ס˵ţôŷҲӣһҪԸôҲе˵ȥɡ
ΣһƼҵˣɱ˶Ӻӣ˵ᵽԼĶӺӣоڳ鴤
ǿõˣпܽ޵еľһ󱲣ŷնɱˣܹޡ
ŷϾϣڶʱ֮ڣŲԼѹסԼܵܵһ
˶̲סƲ죬ǣ֮һĺ󱲣ǲҪΣŷǳɳͿҲϱǸǿߡǿߣԻסһˡ
ȻͬǸ޵УǶϱǣҲǳ˾ηǸǿߣֻܹӵġ
ǻȻ룬Լĵܵѹһʱֳһŷ磬ѹĻĲ֪ôˡ
ԣҪŷ磬ϱҲν
ʱֻҪһɣܹȥϾϱĸ磬ŲϱὫԼô
һʱ䣬дԵʱŷ϶ȥᣬڰУȵŷս˾ƣߵʱ򣬽ŷץסʱϵ˾ˡ½˵⡣
½ãʱԼţϹŷѾʧȥˣЩӦþͲΪѹŷ˰ɡ
ֻ֪ǣԼ̫ˡ
ⲻǸԵҲû뷨ҪģֻҪȥõ˲ΪҪġ񵭵˵
ֻôģֻԼ֪ˡ
ҵǶǸԵȤֻҪõˣϾĴǵһλڣ˵Լ
ǲм˵ѣȻ˵𣬾Ϳ϶ġ
ܶҲŴԵ뷨ˣʱȴЦǾԼһ֡
Ȼ˵ˣҲ뿪ˡ˵꣬תһ̤ʧ˵ǰ
Ҳˣʱپۡ׸ͷ뿪
һ̣Ҳ뿪ˡ
½˻һۣҲ뿪̾Ϣ˵ģȴŪһʵⲻԹŷ磬ǻԼ顣
Ƕ½ĻֶΣԻȹŷ綼Ҫҡ
Զ½ͬŷԻŵģȻֻ˵ƼҺͶ¼ҵĹϵʵǷǳģǼ֮ߵܵҡ
ŷ磬ˡЦŹŷ磬ûһεĻᣬһɱ˹ŷġ
ŷһ磬ʱѾص˾磬Щӣȵ˵˭ˣ
ɨһܣԼŮ˶ڰ
⵹ùŷЩˣʣȻҲܸð
϶һŮҡŷ̵뵽
ŷ粻֪ǣĲŮĴ⹫Ҳϲŷ磬Ҫɱ˹ŷ硣
ƼѼѱ˾磬ԯݺͻƼѼһÿ춼ܹϵЦݣһֳԴ׵ĸоݹЩˣûϱʵ̫ˡ
硣Сҵ˹ŷ磬Ѫùŷһ
ôˣŷʵ
֪С϶ԣ˳Լ֮ĶȻĻӵġ
ոսۼʵȻһ쾳ǿߣˣˣֻܹǸ߲εġ
㵽һ飬л쵰Ҫ⣬ڴԵʱ֡СЩŵ˵
Ҵ֪˭ˡŷһ¶һĨЦ
Сһ£û뵽ŷ羹ȻĲǼ˵ʵ̫ǿˣȻСˣҲ޷㵽ǵݡ
Ǽ壬˭ôۣʱһһϲġŷ¶һĨЦݡ
ĹŷЦݣС֪Щ˿϶Ҫùˣƹŷ磬ҴˡŷʲôʱԹһռ˵ġ
̸ʱһƳ档
ŷվ¶ϲɫ
ڤͻˣ쾳


2008 һͻ
ǹŷľϲδڤϢһϢͬ
Ұħڤͻ֮ͻơ
𶯣ǸܵݵĶ¶𾪵ɫ֮УȻ½ͻƵ쾳
ֻǿʼ
һФѩھ֮ϣ˲쾳
۳Х˵˼㣬ͬͻƣһµĴۣӲ
һ쾳ĸͻƣ˶֪Ҫʲôŷ綼ЩˣЩһõͬһʱͻˣʵ̫ˡ
䡣
һɫļԯݺᷨྪˣɢµϢ
һ쾳ǿߣ˶ĿɿڴǾֵĵ쾳ǿߡ˶֪û˻ͻơ
վûͻơ
Ѿ㹻ˡһ쾳ǿߣ֮УǺٵĳֵġּǿߣĲࡣһ棬жٵ飿ж飬̤ĵ·ǱϵķǶҪȻߺۣûж٣ο쾳ǿߡ
һ˵һ֮УһʣѾǼΪǿˡһ۵Ļӵкܴơ
쾳ǿߣǸǴ˵
ڣһ쾳ǿߣ⾪סˡ
ҪǣЩͷųϢǿһЩ쾳ߵĺԶǿߣ̲סһľĸо
쾳۷壬ɫأǣüͷ
Ǹ޵Уˣһ̤쾳սɴȡ
䡣
һֻץ˸ǹȥ
Ȼ̲סҪɱš
ǹŷ粻ӣЦһҪ֡
ԼסʱФͻȻ˵
˶һۣһ֣ɱֻ֡⣬춯أҪˡ
ȻֻǸոս쾳ʱȴҪ֣սһ޵е쾳ǿߡ
ںܶ˵ǲġŷ磬ס˺۾գҲգĶǣ¼ܵ˺
޵бϾǸ޵Уʱʤܣܹġ
ǣŷϣֱִֻסˣˣ̺Ѫ䣬Ϣ
Ҫɱǣһֻذɡڤ˵һѳǹֱָֻ֡
ФʣĿ磬˺ѳգԾԾԣȻһӲֻ֡
ѪۡҰħҲһԾԾԡ֪˵ǿ󣬵ҲֻǿĵˣܹǵΪ
ִֻ޸Ȼһѹ䡣
о˵˸ףǵףڵǱԴ֮ףµ˼㡣
ȻԼʵȴҲд
ɢȻһ֣ɱֻ֡
ۡ
ֱ˰ߣ˵ϣǼ⣬ҲɳȥȫѪȴδ̫ܵص˺
˶һۣԷеء
޵еǿߣеĶҪǿֵˣȻҲǷŭˣû뵽Լ֣ҪɱճɵСȻ˼ѡҪǱЩ֪ˣ϶Цģʶһ㣬ٴμӴ˵Ҫˡ
ŷܵԷֵı仯û˵ֱӳ˳ȥ
ۡ
ŷ粢ָ絶ֱն˹ȥ
ԷֱֱӱնѪŷȴδֹͣǼ֣ǿޱȣҪǸ˾
Ǹʧȥһƣȴδս̺Ѫȫ֮ŷΧǰ
ֳֻᣬ뿪
ŷĶǸϱ䡣
ˡ۸ŷ紫޷ӦǸ˵ĴڣԷ϶뿪ˡ
ŷͷЦ˵һ˭Ҫҵǰ֣ȻĻҿ϶ܹ֪˭ġ
۵ͷŷѾס˳ֵ˵ϢֻҪҳ֣ŷ϶ܹ֡
һͻʢ磬ʹ
ŷ罫ȫټ̲סʵôͻƵô죿һһͻƵģŷһ㲻⣬ϾǾͻƣҲӦͬһʱ䰡
ң֮ǰ˵ΪȻվ۵ĸ߷壬ȴ쾳źܴ롣Ǵʱȴͻˣùŷβ档
ףΪҵԭ򡣡ٻѩ֣Цӯӯ

ŷһ£ⶼٻѩģ
⹫֮ǰҺܶ൤ҩ˵õϣû뵽ȻġٻѩЦ˵
ԭԼ⹫İţŷȴЩ棬ʲôĵҩܹüۣɹĽ쾳硣
ʲôҩŷ̲סʵ
쵤ٻѩ³һ֡
Ӹģ΢е£æһ£Ӹ


2009 ҹ
ϱƵĵҩ쵽˼㣬ȹŷ쾳ǿƳĵҩҪֱֲӰͻƾ磬Ϊ쾳ǿߡ
ңǲûΪ̫죬ʵȣȶޱȣԺĳɳûһӰ졣
ĵҩԸذħšŷоһҪϻ˵ҩʵָľ㹻ĵˡ
٣һ֣ᱻϳȥκ⡣
ˣǲã˵ûôٻѩҡͷ˵
Ļŷ΢΢Щʧ
˵ͷû˵ѪǵͻƣȷʵϲģǶԾ磬磬ⶼһִҡ
Щͻƣǿʵ
ֻǣʱòǡΪãܻᱬһ޵ǸεĴսεǿߣڤܹġ
ղֻһֻ֣ܹѹǣһ޵еǿߣǸͲǶ֡
ԣúĴսǲ
ھ磬ͬ졣ʱʱǿͻƣһϲ¡
š
ٻѩЦȥˡ
ԯ˹ŷķ䣬ɫЩÿ
ôˣŷʵԯ§뻳У̲סʵ
ԯݺǶͻˣһ磬вԯ˵һǿޱȵŮӣǴʱȴԼ˱ȥˡȻЩ
ԯĻŷ΢΢ĬȻЦһ˵ҶԲ㡣
ŷ֪ⶼΪԼԭԯ죬ΪеĽ˿ȸδ죬ԲŻ˺
ʵϣԯʣӦԯݺ֮ǰͻƵģΪ쾳ǿߡ
ֻΪңԲŻҵģ˵ڱңôءԯЦ˵
ûйֹŷ磬Ҳֹŷ硣
ŷ縧ԯͷû˵˾ӵһ𣬺ܳܳʱ䡣
գԯѡ˱չأ쵤ͻƵ쾳ȻġңԹŷԯ˽⣬Ը񣬶ﵽӾ磬ܹѹˣŻֵġ
ף嶼һͬʱΪǺϲ
һ쾳ǿߣǼΪ֣һ¶ˡ
˭ŷһգһֱ׷˹ȥ
һӰܿʧڹŷУķֱ׷ȥ
һ׷һϣֱӽ˻ŷᣬһֱִֻӽض϶Էȥ·
Ǹ˵ʵǿֱ֣ͬӵס˹ŷĹ̬ɡ
ԷɣǹŷȴɲˣǿߣȻ
ǺˣΪοҾݣŷüͷʣԷʵǿŷһָоۡ
һǿ߿Ӿݣŷţǲء
Ѳýţûж⣬򣬽ҹԷڣһģǿߣУŷ͡
ϲûе⣬ҹϣŷҲûиоɱ⡣еˣеˣӾݣѵʲô뷨ɣ
ѿ϶ˣҺͻ֮ûйϵһ˵ǵˣһθо磬ŸŹġǵҪʲôҹ͡
͹ŷ緢ͻ֮ͲǵˡĳЩ˵ǻпܳΪѡ
ǻʲôĳŷüͷ΢΢һ塣
ҹͷЦ˵ɱôˣ²֮󣬻ġһ˫ӶŹŷ磬ҪŷķӦ
֪ŷıַǳƽ˵ˣǸ£ɱ֮
ŷĻҹ̲ס̾һôǣնɱŷ绹ǵһ˵ֻˡ
ʵǿı̬ʹҹͻô꣬δռʲôˡ
ѺǣǵҲӦףԲһ쾳ô򵥣Ҫɱûôסҹҡͷ
ŷ翴һۣͻȻһЦ˵ɱ𣿡
ҹһ£Ȼ̲סЦ˳׹ŷ˼ˣҪԼ֣նɱ
û⣬ֻҪŵ֣һӡҹ˵ŷ֤
˵ǽˣڻϣǽˡ
Ƕһۣطеɱ⡣ⲻǶ˫ģǶԻġŷ粻֪ҹͻ֮䵽ʲôԹԸܵҹҪɱǷǳǿҵġĹŷ粻ܣһѾ㹻ˡ
̸һᣬŷع顣
ʱ򣬹ŷı壬Ҳ¶һĨЦݡ
Цʲôȵʵ
ŷ紫ʱɴ۾һ̣ЦУҹˣܵѹͻС˲١


2010 ҹ˳
ĴڣȻ֪ҹһǿߣеĵ൱ϱĴڣʵҲϱļˣһ¡
ֻԸһʵ̫ϧˣǿߣӦðǵսϡо˸
Ҳ밡ǿߣȻܱ˰ڲģҪΪãǲܵ顣ŷЦ
ȻҲӵһ޵еǿߣһ£Ҫ£Էȴ̫ˡҹĻ˵ĺԣ˶ԸŷԸˡ
δؾͲУ֪ҹΪʲôҪԸһ⡣
ŷҡͷȻ֪ʵϣҲǽոʶҹġ
ɵҹİŮˣЩҹһֱһᱨ𣬵ͻһˣҪǴ϶ᱻȺŹһֱ̣ҵ㣬Ҫ֣ǷǳģֻҪһ飬пܳΪ¡о˸
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ȵպֻƬҹİŮ˾Ȼ˵
ŷͣȻ̲סҡͷûаպġ
̲סЦˣ˵ûаպģûйϵֻҪܾˣΪһܣҹҲվߵġ
ⲻƭ𣿡ŷЩˬ
ȴҡͷ˵ƭˣܶǿ߶㣬õһֻۣƬϳɴֻأԳʱ򸴻һˣʵһ¡
ҲֻƲ⣬δؾġŷ˵
е㲻Ը⣬Ͼòܿ϶飬ȥƭһΪԼЧʵе㱰ˡ
Խʵ鶼ҹ˵ȻԼѡҹԸĻҲҹԸĻҲƭЦ˵
ҲУŷ˵ͷͬ˵
ʵϣŷҲһظˣֻǲԸȥƭ˶ѡңԼĽ£ŷҲҪ
ٴ뿪ȥѰҹ
ҹҵŷֻ֮ҹ¶ȵɫ
Ҫʲôҹʵףŷȥ϶ô򵥵ġ
ŷ罫Լղźľ˵˳ȻҹȴҹĴ𰸡
ҹĬˣûж೤ʱ䣬㿪ڣͬ⡣

ŷ綼û뵽ҹȻʹıӦˣŷϡ
Ϊʲôŷ̲סһ䡣
ΪҪץסһлᣬ֮УǱģֻһˡҹŷ硣
ŷָָԼ˼ԡ
ĿֻƬⲻһܹռģܹõĿֻƬ˾ޣ㶼еĻûˡҹ˵Թŷ絹ǳģùŷ̲סЩա
ŷ纹գû뵽ҹԼôߣԼЩ˼ˣϾҹ˭ǿϱǿˡ
ȻˣԺһԱˡŷ˵
ŷĻҹûзԣǵ˵ͷǳƽ
Ȼҹ˵ɱˣ͸Լİ֮⣬ʵûʲô飬ܹġ
շҹŷзǳˣû̽ҹȥһսһʱŷ绹뱩¶ء
ڹؼʱ̣ۺҹ֣ʱŷ뿴Щһɫ׻ѿʲôز
ʵϣߵһŷߵĸ֣ԽԽˡǸ޵εĴڣв١
ŷԼһ˵޵Уۡҹٻѩȫ޵֮ڣΪǿĴڡ
һݣĿƺܺˡ
Ȼκǿߣõġ
ŷı壬¶һĨЦ֮ͬ¶ɫ֪ŷɹˣҹԼӪС
һֵø˵飬ҹʵ̫ǿˣĸ޵֮ж޵е룬ʵ
ŷҲˣʼˮ˵˵ûκ塣
˺֮ܶ󣬹ŷҲûǿߣҪһ
һ磬˺ܳʱ䣬˶ȹˣǽ
ݻ죬ҲЦžݣɱȻ
ɫÿһγֱҪĨɱ쾳ǿߣȴʧˡзߺޣ֪Լһζ˴ˡ
ͬʱڹŷǵǱʵһѵʶһȺ󱲣Լеô򵥵ġ
˵ŷ磬ǣһ𣬿϶ҪѹһͷȻǲԸϣȴһ㡣
Уȥ˵ǵõˣǶҪΪŷꡣһҧˬ˵
ǰվŵˣÿɷ


2011 ǿ
Ҳ̫߹һˡЦͲùŷʲôط
ߣ߹ҿǵ͹Ҷŷ磬ҲǺģԴһν֮ұףԺļƻжδеͨЦ˵
һӣЩŭǸԼĻʲôˣõ˵
ˣȲ˵Ǹŷˣ׼ôʵ
һ챦Ӧһε飬ңѾˣǸԵҲЩˡ͵˵
ǿҪעˣǸԵˣǣڣеǿߣ磬Ҳбеˣ磬ȴ֪ġɫ΢΢Щء
Ϲŷ磬ǶЩǿߣȴӡЩ˶ǳҺпܣһ˳
ǴҶףʵϣһȻԵ磬磬ûʲôµĸ֣ʵ̫ˡͿЦ
޵УʵҲи֮֡ǺϱȣͲĺԶ
Ȼֲ࣬Ҳǲֲģǿߣ͸ȥսϱﵽˣʱֲࡣ
еˣɼܹһ֣ЩˣҪõԵͲܡеŭ˵
Ļ䣬ڿһһ̫޳ˣղŻƻŶԸŷ磬ھȻ˵ĻǳԸҺƽദһ
ͿЦãҪģǲҪزģټ
ͱˣеˣʲôʱɼ˵ˣ⼸ңų֦ͬʲôʱĽģ׼ҺҲߵĽˣʲô˭ܹ˵壿͵˵
ҲǵһЦû˵
ʵϣ˵ԣʲôʱ뵽ģҪȷڷԼˣȻǶ⡣
ȰڣԱ˼롣
Ȼ˼룬е˽
ˣ˵ЩɥҲҪȥ׼ˡ
˸ǡ
ͬʱţٻǿ߻ع飬кܶצ޾֮⣬ڲ֮䣬Ҳ·Էء
ǣڳ֣ٻյǿߣźܴôһЩ˵еǿߣٻ˻
£ɱ磬졣
֪磬ԣǼҪ֣ջǱѹˡ
ŷҲܹо֮ԽԽǿϢŷɫأڻع飬ҲǿѰҰ֡
һϢ޵Сʱ֮УǸ޵еǿߣжʮ
һµһ룬̲סҪҪ֪⻹һЩļһǵĻ͸ˡ
ЩˣȫǳŴԵġ
ŷɫأЩʱգһֱҲĳŷ緢֣˼޵еķ֮⣬ܹæǿʩչʱ򣬸ǿ͹ַţʵ̫ˡ
֮ͬУ޵Уַܹ
ǣᷢ꯵ϣȴڹŷϣҪ֪ŷʵǿǿᣬƲ࣬ҪƹŷĽһѵˡ
ʱŷ編嫣ޱȣһ˿նһ磬ƿ¡
ϵϣӿˣһ˫ȥȻۼǿߣһҪݵĳ嶯
̫ˣܶи̾
ŷʵٽһӵǿˡ
ŷصʱһȥ˶ڵϣֻۼ֮ϵǿߣܹվ˶С
˶֪ǹŷʵһֲĸ߶ȣеơ
ãʵ޵о֮еǿˡŹŷ磬Ȼ˽ۡ
ܹΪĶֵˣĲˣҲ۷飬ԲĶ֡˵
۷ʱҲδĶˣС̫̬ˡһ˵ˡ
ĻЩм
ڹŷڣ۲ܹΪֱ۸оŷǿߣԽԽӽԼˡͱķۣʱ͹ŷ
ƨ۷ʱжǿ֪𣿡ʱˣһȻԼʵ
֪Ҳ˵Ļ۵Ļƣϻǹġ
ŷҡͷⶼʲôʱǻ졣
ˣǻһ¶Բ߰ɡŷЦ˵


2012 ˻
ɲһֱ֮䶷죬һôûС
ˮڣûбİ취ˡҡͷõֶΣˣҪұֶΣҲܡ
һҹѾľϲˣһʲôǲܵ顣
ЩʵҲˡŷ˵
ͷûж˵
ʵϣһеǿߣʵǷǳģϱǿߣʮ𣬸οһģǰսһս֡
ԵһҪϾ˵еõԵ֮󣬾ܹƿ
ջʵ̫ˡ
ʱһһĹȥеǿ߱壬δֵ̫ľٶ齥İˡһЩߣǲǱѾݣǻصԼ磬ȴȻݵĶݡ
ˣѪǷߺޣÿһȺԼĸǻصԼأһǳ顣
ңЩδѣԾݳԾӣѾ㹻ˡ
ʱľݣڹŷ쵼£Ȼǿ󣬵ȴûҰģκȺһͬʣСǿ󣬾Բӡ
ƽȣ۸ߵ͹ʵһģǹŷĻǳʵѭš
ʱ飬ǳùһĲ˾Ϊ֪СҪ磬ߣֻ飬ȫǿܹЩߡ
һĻŷˣϲ
磬ΪڽĴս֮УЩҲԳΪһӴս
⼸꣬ʮ磬ȫˣǹŷΪΪǼʮΧҪս
ԵҪˣһǿԻڹŷ˵Щ˶ף϶ʶ
νŷҲʲôпԺǵˡ
ŷ磬һ𣬾
ŷֱӳ˳ȥ˾Ǹ޵еǿߣʵǿ󣬱ȻҪǿ˲֪١
һߣͷɢ̺ɭȻɱ⣬ֱָŷ硣
ûʻһˣŷֱӳֻ֣غֻ֮Ũ˼㣬ҷǸǿҪֻء
¶һĨݣǲңֱһȭֻرֱӳ˳Ȼ嵽ŷǰһϡ
ŷɫԷǿʵԤơһֲ˺ɳȥײ޾ǳͣ
ʿǾû뵽ǿۣͬ޵еս񣬾ȻںͶԷһ棬ͱ˳ȥ
ŷվδ̫ܵص˺޳ɲǿᵽ˼㣬ԷҪǺ׵顣
ˣǻŷһ⡣
û뵽㾹Ȼ֪Ϸ򣬼Ȼ֪ҵ֣ɱȻǻòͷˡĿɭȻ
ӹŷ磬ɫ߰
ŷͻȻЦһм˵ϼɶҵģҪɱĺˣһҪնء
ŷٴγ˳ȥ˫ʥӡһȭ
ɫм̫ŷ統һ£ŷʵȻﵽ˸޵еľ磬ǾԲܺԼ档
һֻĳĥ̴Сŷȭͷײһ
һ̣ɫͳ׵ıˣֱֻը飬һһɳȥֱ֮⣬ǿͣ
ʱ򣬹ŷ˹罣ֱն䡣
ŭС˹ŷ磬ռϷ磬ʱԹŷһȻȫ޷赲
ۡ
УըԪ˳µʮһơ
ǿߵԪûǼµġ
ŷٴλӽնԪ
һӴӻԪ֮зɳȥŷ罣ײ޴ŷ綼Ʒ˳ȥǸըһ顣
ŷٿȥԪѾˣݺݵ˦һе罣¶ϧɫ
Ҫ֪ʵ̫ǿˣһΪԭ򣬹ŷܴռһˡ
һټ棬ٴĻŷδּܹǿߣսȻ˵
ÿϧ
ڹŷǰЩ̾Ϣ˵
Ͳһ㣬ͳһˣնԷȴˣȻܿϧ
û£ҼȻܹһΣҲܹڶΡŷ֣ص˵ᶨԼġ
Цֲɵӣ£ŷȻʩչһ壬δܹܻһȫΪĴ⡣
ǿߣԹһοͲٳԵڶΣԶڹŷ˵ģٻܻһΣϣ
ŷҲ֪һ㣬û˵ֻȴӼᶨˡ


2013 òͻٵ
ҲŷмᶨɫпЦùŷЩ̫ˣʮߴγΪǸǿߣ֪ǻǿߵж
ʲôģһϼһҺúýѵһ£֪ʲôŽ֡۽š
ʸ񣬲Ⱥ۷СһҪĴڣȻ㹻ʵаκˡ
ԽԽˣ̫鷳ˡŷЩԹۡ
ŷĻ˵ҸӦܶϼһﶼعˣһ̫ϵϢ
̫ϣŷһԼŮʼ棬òƾҪ̫ϵĹ˶ԣΪֵ꣬
ڣ޷飬ṳ̂·
ѵ˵ֿµļһҲˣǾ̫ˡ
̫ϣһĴڣʵǿףҷǳأд˵̫Ѿ벽ˡ˵ɫ֮оȻһĨ̾
Ȼ̫ϵʵźܴƳ硣
벽ѣŷ絹һǰһԺƽˣѳȥִڣʵ̫ڿˡ
ʲôƨ벽ѣȫϹһ磬Ǹ̫ϵʵҲͺ۷ʱڲ࣬ûеôЦ
˽⣿һ
۵˵йһսδʤЩûʲôҲˣ磬еͻƣ̫Ҳһ
ĻǾ̫ˣϻҲǲصʵ뺷սȻʲô˵̲ס˵
ЦսƽһͬʲôҪһˣܹѹǲٹء
ˡЦ
ôɱĻǾͲþֶΣҪˡ
ʵϣǵʵݺˣֻҪԼ˭ҲɱǣЩ˲ңҪȥﵽ߾磬Ŀƣʱ˵ٲܵκвˡ
ǵĿģǺܸӡΪһǿߣԲжܹвԼ
ǲأηηβҶ֣ҪǵЩˣȫҳ֣ȻˣǸʱѣʱգҲܹΪһ򣬿ϧǵ̫СԸڵľ棬һ˵ӦԹӦǲŶԡм
ŷһѵһ֮䣬б鷢
۵ĻŷõһϢǾǰһʵǾһսԿԻٵǶôµһϧڣѾˡ
Ϊǲһսձֶɱ֮ˣˣѾˡ
뵽ŷЩϧ
Цʱǿɱǿ߲ڣ㵱涼ϹӿֵĻһûϣ繶Ӳд
֮Уһ˿ʧ䣬ǿɬ
ûеʵߵһûеӵ˼ûУȴѡ񲻶ۣ֡ȷʵе̫ˣȫƺһս»أϾ粻ǰȻս֮Ҳ㹻
ǵĿҲԣҲǷϲ̫ˣҪʱĸ֣ʲôƨֱնˡţ˵
ĻŷЦãһҲʵ̫һɡ
ҲǣǸʱǿ߶۵ΪնɱҲḶôĴ۰ɣܹ׵ĳɹ
Ͼ۵ʵҪˣҪչ˵һȺǿ֣߳ɱ죬Ҳһ¡
˰ɡЦá
һʵ֪˵ʲôˡ
ǲҪˣ׼һεĴԵһҪܵĶᵽ֡ŷо˸
Ƕ᲻أʵ
ٵŷûһԥǵòֱӾͻٵһԥС
ĻԵǱ˵õˣԻ鷳п
ҪһܹôԵ䵽˵Уκ˶С
Ǵɹʶ޷õԵƴȫٵԵڵзУǾ̫ˡ
սܣ֮дʱеǿߡǶЩ𾪣һδﵽ޵оСˣȻʵ
Щ˶֪ǴˣǿߣȻˣһ쾳۷СҲӦ
ŷ粻򵥣ȫ˾衣
ʱת۱ʱǸһͻȻ籡貵ϼ
ǿߣǷһǸط˹ȥ


2014 Ե
ԵˣŷһҪȥ
ʱһµϢȫֹ
ûи޵еǿߣ쾳۷Ĵڡ
ŷʱǵ˼ˣʱҪǣԼԼܹȥԵ
쵰ŷɫÿ
ǿߺڣŷߺ
һǿ֣߳Ԫͷ磬ɱȻһȺˣȫ֮쾳ǿߡ
ǵʵȴǳǿô꣬Ѿɳһĵزս쾳۷ǿߡȻ޷ָ޵еĴڡ
ŷ磬ΪƾЩ˾ܹһսһվ˳ǱˣޣЦ
ôҲУͷųʥϢȻΪãһ㶼ɭһʥĸо
ˣ쾳۷ĴڣһнʮĿеˣʹŷ絥ЩˣҲҪǱӡ
ΪֻЩ𣿡ŷЦ
žݵǿ˳ɱڡ
⻹ްȻ˵
𣿡
ħ߾Ų֮УһһѴ󸫺գ֡쾳ʵǿ󣬿ƿֲ
ħǰ֪ʮ֪꣬ʮꡣһݵϵʿ֣ĸĪ⡣
ŷЦʱգڿϵΪ쾳۷壬δ޵еľ磬Ҳ㹻ǿˡ
Ҳ֣ʵǿ쾳۷壬ûκ⡣
þûгˣҶ붼Ѿ˰ɡһԯ޵г֣죬ȻҲһ쾳ǿߡ
Ӣ۶úԯ޵ΪŷĴ̷츳ǳ׿ЩʲôʣһΪĿĿֲ
ϼһ㶼ˣһܹ𣿡޷Цݡ
գ·ŷӡΪ֪٣û뵽ʱˣʵȫԯ޵ǡ
ҷ𡣡һͷ֣Ĳ˫ֺʮɫƽһʵȴ൱ˡ
֮棬̤쾳ȴһɲо
ô֣ôܹٵأϴЦ⡣
Ҳո֡䵱֮棬ˣս֮УĸߴòӢһЩģȴβסɷǡ
֮жʿŷǰ֪ģȴû뵽ȴôһϲ
ʵϣܵвۼս·δ֣ЩˣǳɳǾݵǿ֧
ǵɫɫȻнʮ쾳۷ĴڣǰȺˣȻǺǵá
Էû쾳۷ĴڣսﵽǸ磬е̫ˡֱӪκһɳѹˡ
һ֣ǣʡԺΪǵв˵ŹЩˡ
ɱ
ԯ޵Ҳûκԥȫ֣Щ˼սһ
һ쾳ǿߣΧһȺ쾳۷壬ǶѾɵˣǴʱȴһһˣ棬еûдﵽʵȴﵽˣһս˿·硣
ңڤҰħذħǣ͵һͿҵһֱ֣ѹŶԷ
Ҳһ󸫺գһǿߴĲͣĵˣȾѪ
һսӿʼûʲô
ڹŷ磬ѾǸ硣ʵϣżȻŷһϵȴѾϵˡ
ҹڹŷİ£һϵ
ٻѩҲһû飬˹ĶǿߣΧһŻȴûиڽȥ
ǸŻ֮У˵ϢʲôУȻ޵еĴڣҲ洳ŭҪҲʲôµΣգǲԸⷢ顣
ŷٻѩߣĿƣҲû
ʵϣѾв˾쵽ŷĵˣ˹ŷһۣЦλѣҵǾãȥʲô飬ϾԵʱޣһˣŴޡ
ʲô⣿ﶢŻʵ
мĿһۣ˵ܼ򵥣һ̽·ǲ⣬Ҫ˽ƣͲΥǡ
⵹һ⡣ͷȻĿ˹ŷϡ
ŷ絹һѡ񡣡Ҳڡ
Ļ¶һĨЦݣû뵽ŷ羹ȻôĵˣԼһһìͷָŷˡ
ǲͬءŷ絭ʵ

ڣ³һ֣һضû


2015 
ǿߣȫĿ⼯˹ŷϣɫĮ
Щ˶֪ŷݣҲ֪ŷܣҲһѣŷ
Ҫɱңƾ㻹ûǸһαҴüβߣѵ𣿡ŷ˵
˻һɫֱһε飬һ֮ĳ裬ԼȻһܣĶӡ
ȻҲ֪һεսԼˣˣŷܻ
ɣȴܹ˵ֻø˳Ц⣬ǿߣⱾһ޴޴ʧܵɣ˱ġ
ŷ磬ɫĮ
ɱһԡԡ
˹ŷһۣ˵ҵǾãŷǵȷ档
ҲͬĻ￪ڣɫ֮дһĨ⡣
˵ĲǴҶͬȥ˵Ц
˲˵Ҳһ˼
ŷվɫƽֻһ˫ӲмɨǣΪ
ѵ㲻Ը⣬Ҫôѵ־¶һĨЦ
ѹˣһֶκܸǹŷȴЩмһˡ
ҪҽȥԶԡŷ絭˵
ŷĻɫһ䣬ӹŷ֮УһĨŪȻŷ绹ΪԼĶ֣Բ˵Ļ
ѣŷȻѾ˵ˣѵһսܹŷ磬Լ̽ɡﵭ˵
һۣɫѿ˵ôֲ˵
ǺǣҿǺСɡЦ
Ŀһۣɫ֮Щ̣˵һҼʹսܣҲһһսܣĳˣһСȻջսˣȫǱӴܣҪĳЩˣҲˣﻹˡ
ˣ˵ʲô𣿡ɫ
ҸһᣬɱԡЦ
Ļɫ࣬Ȼͻ֣ΪһնûУңʵĺ볬Խ١
û˵ֻվ
СЦ
ɫ䣬ݺݵĶŻɱ⡣
Ȼﶯŭ
Ҫң־Ͷ֡޿֡
û˵Ǿս۵ˣȴߡһ޵еǿߣһŻɱȻ
û뵽ԷȻôˣ޵еǿߣʵܾˡ
ߡ
Цһǿվǡ
ǿǺӣǿޱȣͬڸ޵еľ硣˶ˣ˭ҲռƣǴȻһʤˣҲֻǲʤûдıҪ
˵ϣ˫ĻǾͿǿĶˡֻǺܿϧ⼸ȻţȴûжֵĴ㡣໥ɵֵ֪ĽǲҪġ
ҪʹʲôֵӣһȺϲġһЦ
˶Ŀ˹ȥһģǿߣǿߣǸ޵еľˡ
Щˣϻƣǿ
ħ񡣡ɫ
û뵽Ȼлħ֡Ҫ֪ħڻ磬Ҳеκһڶ࣬еǿҲ٣ֻ֮䲢ŽᣬĻħ֮еĸȻϣҲ˵ʤ
ڣħҲԸ֮УǴûбв
Ǵʱħ֣ǵӣȻҲԵġ
ǵ֮Уȫ˾衣
ħ񣬴ҿ¶Ѿǻһ˰ɣǰȡԵϣȲҪᣬȻҪǻŭҪˡǸħ˵
˶һۣǶǵһƺʲôʱ򣬻ħ֮Уһ
ΣħʵǵĻ֮Уǲǵ鷳֮е飬ǻħûһϵҪԼ鷳Цɫ֮¶һĨм˵ʲôƨû˵ҪãûǸʵ
ǻ¡һħǳ⣬ɱȻ
ССħҲҺǳң𣿡ɫҪֵĳ嶯
ҿҲùŷʲô̽·ˣڲѾ𣿡˵Ŀⶢڻħϣһɿµѹ
Щħ̫ˣȻвҵȣȽ¡Ц


2016 ֻ
Ҳ֪νĻħ񵽵жνĻǶôǿƣǼˣҿǸҲҳ֡δ֪ļǿߣʵ죬δ¶˵ȴ쳣ǿơ
ħɫ֪ãڳ˶ǵĻǵʵȻǿҲǶ֡
ʶһ㣬תߡ
߲ˡԪ֣ضǵĳ֡
ͬʱеľ䣬ɱȻ
˶֣һԥûСŷҲһħ񣬾ԲƲӣʱܹһ֣κ˵˵һ¡
߸ħȫڸ޵еľ磬Ǽ⣬ȴãڳԶԶǣʵԽǵҲ
ԣһȺ˱ɱֻǼе顣ħѪȾأֻһħҪ̽·
˶֣ԼĽƴǸħϣҪٿΪùŷ翴ҡͷȻЩֶΣҲⲻ
Ϊʵ̫ˣûкܳʱ䣬ŷ綼ܹǵĿơ
ҺлħȻĻŷӿҲù뵽ŷڻħ񣬷һмˡ
ȻٸмҲҪȥġ
ŷҲʩչֶΣӡħϡ
Ǹħ˲ңȴð˵־ϣʩչֶΣһЩֻҪһͷˡ
ǸŸˣµϢȻŷǶоá
˶ɫȣǸŻǺΣգڵһʱ˽ȥˡǴʱȴû˸ҳ塣
ܹﵽ޵оˣһ˾ǴԵô׵õģͲˡ
ǸħȥȻ󻺻û֮С
һ̣ȫɫǸܵǸħԼʧȥϵ˵ˡ˶֪Ǹħû˶ûС
ζţûΣգֻǿԸ
ʶһ㣬˶˹ȥ
ŷûϲһ롣ϾǰЩ˶ǿĺĻδػʲô³
ŷ粻ɵȻ顣
˶֮󣬹ŷٻѩŻĽС
һŷϮԥһٻѩֱӺ˹ȥһˣŹŷ磬ȴû׷ɱǰ˹ȥ
ȻȻҪɱŷ磬ǸҪõԵ
Ͼ͹ŷȣԵֵ׷ĶֻҪõԵʱҪɱŷ磬練ơ
ŷ뿪ٻѩһۣҲ׷˹ȥ
ףѵ𣿡ٻѩʵ
ŷͷЦ˵νԵô򵥣ܹ׵õĻֲˣĻطҪһսˡ
ôǿ߼ս磬»ᱻٵɡٻѩ𾪵˵
һ磬ȴԽһ磬Ʋࡣֻô޵еǿпսĻһܹܣκһ綼޷ܣһᱻ򱬡
Ҳδأ粻򵥣һֺĸоŷüͷûС
ٻѩһȴǺס
ŷҲûж˵ֻĸһС
ǡֻءŷͻȻȵ˵
ʲôٻѩ¶ȵɫ
磬Ǵ˵еֻôܣһֱֻ֮УһֱǴ˵˭Ҳûмֻء
˵ֻһĻе㳬ʿ֪
ֻزֻһͨݻģȻֻ磬ȴҵֻҪǿ󡣡ŷ˵
ŷֻأ棬ȴδĻΣֻǻġطȴһ磬ʵԻ˵Ҫǿ󡣵ǣŷȴԼߴˣ棬ĻߵĸԶ
ŷһֱãֻ֮ϣֻ磬վ֮С棬ͲһˣһԺƽ룬һֻء
Ĵֻ֮ϣԵǿƣʱֻصѳȥ
ҪߵһҪܶŬңŷδҪ߳һҲҪóѡ
֤պܴ󣬹Ҫһ֮Ϊѣû
֮У֮һģȴûб֤ʵ˭Ҳұ֤ġ
ǹŷɹˣƹŽһˣ֮ж
˦˦ԴЩ뷨ȫ˦ŷǰ˵ߣǼǰ


2017 
˼ǰ׹Щ˵Ҳܹܵǰʱʱսء
Ȼ뵽Щ˲ܵ׷ΪԵֻһҪõҪеĵˡ
ⶫһ干пܣЩ֮еģδһĵģҲ󣬻ɱֻʣһˡ
֮£ŷ絹ɲ٣Ϊ֪ۻٻѩԼº֡Ψһе㲻ȷˣҹҹΪ˸Լӣ벻ŷ֡
õԵδؾܹõֻأҲһܹѳȥûֻأҪһȥ˾ȻǸһܵ顣
ԣŷ粢ǺܵġһȻЩ٣ǶԿסңǵʵʵϲЩ
Ͼŷһ壬Ҳ޵еǿߣݣѾǿˣϾۺҹı̬
һ·ϣѪ䣬̺ԣȻһۼǿߣܽӽЩѪĻԻѣըܵش
һѪ̺ŵľɱǸ޵еǿߡ
֪߳˶Զޱȡҳɱŷǣ˺ܶιкͶ֡ǡ
ŷ翪ڣ˵ִڵĳƺ
ͬʱҲֻ֪ӦһˣԲһõط
ȻǰЩˣҲܵǵʵͲ⣬ȻЩʵǿֲٶ쾳ȻһȺ޵еĶ֡
һֱߵģ˱仯
ǰһƬѹѹĴڣȫǶи޵еĶȻʮĶʱ˶ɫ
Ҷע⣬ʱǲܹڧˣһҪĺһȺ
󺰵ɫ֮оȻеţȻЩСѹǿˡ
ǲĻڧôǿߣᱻɱȻսʤˣҲҪܴĴۣûһô
ףɵɫȻ
Ȼĳ֣Ƕܵѹ
һȺ˳֣ɱͬʱ֮Уʮ޵оĶȫǼսѡ
ҪһڹŷԥǲҪ֣סʱһƬ֣סһУֱӵסನ
ŷһϢ̫ϤˣȻֻƬ
ٻѩһۣԷеϲɫŷֻƬȥΪĸֻƬҪֻƬٻʵ̫ˡ
ȻˣֻҪŷֻ֪ƬҲٻ
ֻƬһס磬ȻȻڲѾûбΣա
ףôֻƬٻѩ̲סʵ
ٻѩĻŷҡҡͷһЦ˵ûпЩ˸ûֻƬ˼˵ʲô
ֻƬǴԵԵٻѩҲǱֱӲ²⵽һ㡣
ֻƬǣνĴԵжôЩ˶ͣȵõԵֻ֮ƬҲԡŷЦ˵
Щ˴̣ϧȴһˣǾŷ硣
ֻҪ룬ֻƬǹŷһ⡣
ҺͿˡٻѩͷ
ŷҡͷʵϣֻƬڹŷ翴ҲһԵˡĸֻƬټһˣֻƬĲҲñˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷʵͻøǿ
ԣֻƬŷǱҪõġʹòʲôԵһ
ŷãȻνĴԵҪֻȣԶԶġֻһֻƬԲŻΪǡ
ֻǰû˻ҪõνĴԵ
սڼɱ˺ܶ࣬ЩǿߣЩܵشŷŲһ㱻ɱ
ùŷ̲סҡͷʵͲУʲôԵҵ˴ԵҲߡ
ʹԪı֣ȴùŷ¶ɫ˺ǿơ֮еĸ޵УͲǵĶ֣ѹŴ򣬲һᣬ˺üΣߵЩһȥ
ңһǿ֮УмˣͬǸ޵еǿߣʱ֣Σ쳣¡
ǽЩһһЩǿߣȫЩǿδع飬ǵʵͬǿ
ŷδȫع飬ȻĻŷд鷳ˡ


2018 컯
ڰеĵǣ֣ͱҪõԵˣҵȻȳֳǣȻȥҴԵͻȻڣĿ䡣
ڰеˣֹŷһǿߣŻȸں⡣
ҪҵռˣΣ֣ҵȾԲҲͬڣɫ䡣
˿ڣ˶˵ˣҪڰЩ˳֡
ǺǣҵֻǸոǲ֡һӳ֣Ӣһ˫˸ɫ
ⲻ࣬һߣ֪Ʒ֣ܹ޵еľ磬ȻֻһͷͨĶߣҲΪˡ
ֱӼ˽ȥɱЩ
ͬʱʮ޵еǿ֣߳ɱȺС
ŷٻѩҲˣǳ֣սϾǵĴڣѾ֪ˣǲ֣ױҵɣǳ֡
һ룬ЩҲסŷǻɱ
ɱƽ˲١˶ǰȥŷٻѩȴ׹ں棬Ըͷ
ԣǱ˶ˡŷһ
ٻѩҲоˣüͷһ壬ɨһܡ
ɡŷ˵
ĸǿ֣߳Źŷ磬ЦһˣǸղŵһͷߣʱǶŹŷˣɱ⡣
Ϊʲôɱǣŷüʡ
־͹̫ˣɱˣõǵһԪʱҿԸЩһһЩϲġͷЦ
ŷ粻Ϊ¶һĨЦƾǣ
ŷ֪һ壬ǱϾĸĸ޵еǿߣɱ㲻⡣һЦ
һͷ˵°ɡŷָǸǿߣ˵
˵ʲôûУȻҪҵ⣬˵ЦЦ˲м
ֻһСˣնЦ
ŷЦһ֣λǰ֡
ŹŷĻӰ֡ŷҲֱӼֻƬֱӸһϢ
ԡǱɫ
ȻʶۺҹȴܹܵϵϢµĲ
ǳԽ̶ֳȵǿߣ֮УΪǿˡ
һᡣ￪ڣɫЩ̿֡
ȻĴǿߣδ뵽ŷ߾Ȼ֣ʵԽǡϹŷһ壬ԼȫǶ֡
ˡҹЦ
һսǿսչŷǽĴǿնɱ˶ߺ֮⣬ʣµҲ޳ɵǿߣֱ컢ŭʨ
ˡ
ۿڣȻˮˣһεӣùŷ̲סЦ
ʱ򲻺ʰɣһԵ޷ڵһʱϵٻѩ̲סԼɻ
İɣԵô׵õģҲ֪ʲôҴŲµʲôˡ۵˵
ŷһ۾Ȼ֪ӣȴǼΪ϶ӡ
ʲôŷʵ
컯
³֡
컯ʿǶ컯ʶͬΪ컯ˣҲΪ컯һͨҲ˾ã컯һֵ
һЩ˶޳һֹ۵㣬컯ǷǳĶõ컯п
Կ˵ǴԵˣֵø޵еǿ߶ƴһѡ
컯ʲôŷ̲סʵ
ֻһжѣһѳȥˣµĴС۵˵
ѳȥˣ˵ǹŷ磬ҹо˸
ʿ˵ʣһħκ顣
Եõ컯֮ȻܳѣҲܹƽ룬һû֤ʵֻǴԶѣǰһս˶컯˵¶һĨЦ
ôˣŷ̲סʵг˺档
һ޵еǿߣȴ֪ν컯ʵǼٵģ壬ɱ̫սˡ˵Ŀ֮¶һĨŭɫ
ŷǵһȻ顣
һأŷ̲סʵ
ӦģδѣǶˣԼٲˡ˵
ŷ֮¶ᶨɫ˵һҪõ컯
ƽ룬ȻδѣҲ㹻ˣܹͥĻνĴֻأ벻ᷢˡ
ֻҪŷʱ䣬Լ϶ܹϳȥģʱڽ¡
컯Ǻٻѩʵ
컯졣˵
ʱ̫ˣ֪˺ܶ
컯죿Ϊôǿ󣿡ٻѩʡ
죬컯ǰʵϣν컯죬ӦеĵһԸ⻯֮λΪ컯졣˵


2019 Ѫ
ŷ̲סһԸ⻯Ȼǲ֮࣬λһ֮Уܡ
ջ˭ܹס
컯죬ȴȻɻ󣬻ճѣùŷˣʵ̫ˣۡ
컯ֹ£һֱ޾£֪Ϊʲô컯ͻȻʧҲˣ˴ֻأ磬ľ档ۿЦ˵
ʵϣ컯ʧԲӡȻ򣬿¶Ȳ硣
ΪȻǿ󣬵ȴûг֮ˡ
ԭŷǶԶŵ飬һЩ˽⡣
컯ܹعĻһ鷳ӭжˡŷЦ
ŷĻҡͷ˵ǲܵģ˻ҪԼ컯Ȼʧô£Ͳٳ֣ڴֳ֣ڴԼɳսء
˲󼺣ǿǵĵˣһƽٻѩԼСȭͷ
š
ŷ缸˵ͷ
Ҫһ㣬ףٶʱ䲻
ȲҪôˣһһɡŷ絭˵
ʱǿҲˣ˴ãԵĺ㡣ɶǸ޵еǿߣѪȫ󲹣ŷǳԵĻ磬˺棬õĲˡ
̫ˡٻѩԼ촽Щδ
޵еǿ֮߰УҲûмĺÿڸһٳԣͲ֪ʲôʱˡҲһûԺõӣʵϣЩ޵еǿߵѪ⣬׵õһռѹԵƣȻܹˣҲܱѪ⣬϶Ҫ屬顣
֮׷ȥ
ܿ죬ŷǱ׷Щˡ
ǣ۵ľĿɿڴ
ǰһµѪû磬һһٶסˡûܹȥǸ޵еǿߣΪµ֡
ô£ŷ紫½ѯʡ
֪ǰͻȻЩ飬һʵǿˣѪ죬𶯴棬Щ̫ǿˣ࣬岻ȥ½ͬϴ𾪵ɫ
ϰٵѪ֯һֻƬػѾˣϰٸǿߣʵﵽ˸޵еľ硣
ⶼǿܡŷ紫δ֣ΪҪΪѹ׵ս
ôܣѪ죬оһҪǿƣȻǿܣ˭ֱʣŷ̲ס
˵ۣŷֱ޷šһٸ޵еĿܣ˭ôֶͣεĻǶ֡
һٸ޵оǿߣԻɱˣûһ
ʲôطȻǶҲ컯µĵطЩܣǳ֣컯ʵһ㣬ѡЩ̾˵
컯죬ŷʱʶʲôǿߣֲ̫ˣŪôǿߣֻǿܡ
Եô׵õˡŷҡͷ˵
ȴͬŷ˵˵δأȻˣͿ϶˵ЩҪˣ컯ĶûһǼ򵥵ģʱҪ䡣
ŷͷվﲻЩνĿܡ
ɫ粻һ޵еǿЩ̲סֱг˹ȥ
䡣
ϰٵǸ޵еǿֱӱɱһûС˵Դ϶ðˣһ޵еǿ߰Ȼɱˣ˵
һЩˣҲҪһ£ܲͨʱȴֱӷ뷨
ЦҪǳȥ͸ղǸһкý
ѪܡͻȻڣЩܡ
㾹Ȼ֪ǣҲһĴڰɡѪ֮еһ˿ڣɫľȻûκθ飬ֻһ˫ӣϵģһѹ
ͷ˵ػߡ
ԭצҲҪõµĶǸܿڣ˵
컯µĶɫһ䡣
ȻҲû뵽ڲ²ʲôԵأȴԿ϶ˣ治Ǳ˵Ķ컯ĴС
µĶһԵǿ뿪ˡǸܵ˵
Ҫǲأɫһ˵
֪ôԸ뿪ߡ
컯Ķпܵõ֮󣬳ԽĶ

ѪܵĻ˵ķǳ򵥣ֻһ֣ȴɫѿ


2020 Ů
ʹǿ󣬴ʱҲ˵ʲôϰٸѪܣһǿǸͲǶ֡ʹȫսҲ
ɡѪܵ˵
ɫѿǴʱȴûбİ취ֻôԼˣת뿪
Ԫ鲻ޣͬҷһǿ뿪˶¶һĨɵЦݡ
һһǿߣǾһ޴ľ֣һֵø˵顣
ֻǣЩ˵ĸˣûгܳʱ䡣Ѫܼ˵Ѫˣ뿪
ĻȻȴ˲ɵζ
ЦЩǿߣʱɫȫͺ
սۺ;ǣȫɫѿǴŭһ㷢ɱ⣬һȺѪܣĿ֮󣬻ֱɱ⡣
ףԼЩѪͻĻɣգ뿪Ϊ޷⡣
ʣµˣȫѪ
ڰˣǸѪܿڡ
۳֣ɢµƣûɫ䡣ǴǿߣȻǿƣѹϱȣ˿ѷɫ
ŷ֮У𾪡Ϊŷֻһˣ໹һٻѩڿǵ͹˹ŷ磬Ȼһ֡
ŷ磬ǺֶΰȻڰһ֡з䡣еңԼһҿûк͹ŷȻĻƼҾԻᱻһ֣Ϲŷ磬ƼҸǶ֡
Ϊ˸ҵĵһϲѵҲŵˣʵҿԸ㣬صĸֹ֣һ𡣡ŷЦ˵
ŷ˵ȴţϾǿߣһ˲ˣһ𣬸Ͳܡ
λˣǸͻȻʵ
ۿһۣĵͷû뵽컯µѪܣȻʶۡ
졣
ȫһǶǿʿ۷壬ųƸ޵Уﲻ֪˭
һǿˣҪ죬Ȼձ˷ӡˣǿȻȥ£Ȼġ
һˣȻԼǰβ𾪡ң֮еһ˵ʱۣ˵ǵˡ
뵽Լδ֡
ܹŷ簵ûˣһۺ͹ŷ磬Ǻһˡ
λʶǰҾͲýˡŷ絭Ц˵
ǰڴʱͻȻ˳һ
ۿһۣͻȻɴ۾ȻȻЩʵƣĸ˭
ۻ;˵ݣЩϡŷһ뵽һЩܣû뵽Ⱥ֮УȻҲܹ˹Ѫ顣
ĸ׽˵ҲЩ
һͻȻЦҵŮû뵽ô£ҾȻܹһף
ϲ˼㣬Ƶ֮У˴Ȱ
ס
ƹ۵ǰ˼㡣
ŮۼƷ
ĸȫǼģǱϾǾˣֻһᣬƽˡ
̲ס̾Һʱ㻹Ķ棬û뵽ټʱѾǿԺ͵ĸ޵ˡ
Ƶͷû˵ǿԿóҲǳ
ˣʹأʵ
۵ʻƵɫһʱһֲõԤС
ӣ㲻Ҫҡɫһס
£ڸռԼŮʱʲôجġ
ĸһδֻصʱ򣬼սצܵˣ˴һֱԼıԴĸ׵ǶڼУ޷߳˵
ƵĻһֻҪ˻ţǾͺð졣
ֻ˵ĻǾͲ£ʱùŷȥһ¾Сۿ˹ŷһۣɵ˵
Źŷ磬һʱˣȻ֪ŷֶΣҽ֮˵˼㣬ֻҪûйŷβõĲˡ
ЩţƯСϣ¶һĨɵɫ
ùŷЩˬˣȻԼҽֵ޷̡
ֶŮİɣɩӾ˵أҲܹȻġŷЦ˵
ŷĻȴɴ۾Щ˵˵ʲô˭ĴֶŮ
ҺǰǺѣ㲻ҵĴֶŮʲôûкŷһ޹˵
ͣЩԹԼĸףôܹôء


2021 
۵˹ŷһۣȻԸ⿴ԼŮԿֱ˵ƽཻˡ
ȻЩޣվͷˡ
ʱ򣬻ڷӦƾȻ۵Ů鷳ˣŷ߳ô֣˵ϡ
ʱʹҪŷ磬ǲܵˣǵʵܱȹŷǻһء뵽һȺɫѿ
ڹŷ磬дЦԼ۾ȳʵ̫Ӣˣ۵Ļڿ²ù
һԵģҿԸǣԵ֮󣬵ҪͨǵĿ飬ܹСѪܿڣ˸Ůط̸
ڳȫлȣĿⶢѪܡ
ʲô飿ʵ֮ЩСҲһܹõǸԵǻʲô
ܼ򵥣סѪܵĺɱһʱǸѪ˵ʱ˶һ
Ȼ۶ҡͷ̫ˣЩѪܵʵˡȻۣûаհǳһʱĺɱ
ǸɵۣЦǶһǳѣοǲɱҲࡣ
뵽ֱҡͷǲܵ顣
Ըǣ֮󵽵ʲô𣿡ŷ룬ſʵ
˶̲סɴ۾ҲҪ֪
컯СѪûΣֱ˵
컯УȻⶫǵõ컯УȻܹ컯һѳȥҲܹƽ롣һջ󣬼ʹŷ綼Щء
ĴԵȵõһ챦Ҫˡû˲Ҫɫ֮жЩڴ
һ£ûΣգվ˳Ҫһ£ֻҪȷһµûΣա
Ͼ컯ȻãվûҪ
Ҳһ¶ѯɫ
䣬ֻҪ䣬Ǳס֡ǸѪ˵
ԭȻ䣬ȫһʱʹס仹ǿԵģǾԲΪԼûС
ãҪܿ顣˵
ǸѪһ֣Ѫ߳Χм䡣
ŷȫ˿ǰһĻҲ֪ѪܣʲôֶΡ
ɱ
Ѫȷһ֣ء
ûʲôֻͨǴѹһСͺȻʩչ׷Ҫ
ȴ͹Ŀ£ױ飬ֱըˣԪڱ
ָ
ʹ޸Լ壬޾ԪָǴʱѪɫܵĹٴˡ
ѧˣûӲֱӶ˹ȥ
ȻˣǴڿѪٴαش
ͺȻû뵽ԼȻ˲У䵽ĵزѪܻ붯֣Ͷһ£Ͻ䡣
ʱʧͶ߶£˳ȥ
һΣ̫ˣûлֵоˡ
ĬȻһȺ˵ʵǲġȥһȻҲȥĻҲõȥˡ
ǣȴûԸ
½ڣȻڶϳ⵹ڳ˶Щ⡣
½վʵǿϲ٣һҶ˶½ı֡
ȻȥҲܹƳѪֶܵΣʱҪĻҲһЩ
ҡͷͲö½
ʵϣۿ˵ص֮Уֻʸ񴳹һأһǹŷ磬ڶˣԼˣȥͲ˵ģͲǶ֡
½ûеȴЩѪȳ֣ȳˣһնһѪܣӲһ
½ˣҪ⼸ѪܵİΧȦ
䡣
ͬʱ˳ض϶½ȥ·ֻúˣʱٴγ֣ǾȻ˫ӡһ£˿µɱ⡣
һΪѪֻǿ󣬵Ǵʱǲ֪ЩѪܣȻͨ
⻹ôȻ½ͷƤ飬λֱЩͨǿ˳ȥ
Ȼˣεʱ򣬻һѪ˳ȥ
̫ˣ˵뷨Ѫܣ޵УǸ͵ס˵һʱȻǰʱҲǶ֡
½ȴû䣬˳һܳ֡
죬ǸܵϣܵϳһӣȴǺأһһ˿ڻָǸѪܣδܵһ˺
˶Ŀɿڴŷ綼̲ס㶣ЩѪܣҲ̫ǿһЩɣ


2022 ս
̶ֳȵڸ޵֮Уټ
ŷԼﵽ̶ֳȣԺǴʱȴЩ֪ô˵ˡǰһٶܣȫ̶ֳȵ̫ǿһɡ
½Ҳһ£ȴûͣһѣѪն˹ȥ

ŷ̲סֽкá
Уȴ˵½̫ɵˣҪĻ϶ͬʱܣⴿô½ҲͷԷˣܲҡ
ŷ뷨һ½㵹ɳȥ
ʵ֤ҪͬʱѪܣǷǳľѪܣͬʱֱ֣Ӵˡ
䡣½̹Ȼûǿֱ䡣
ʵϣҲףν컯У벻Щ˵ϣϾȻǿ󣬵Ǵ֮ӡ
컯һڵȴԵ˵ĸоǣȴԵˡ
˵пܵõ컯еˣҲֻ
һǹŷ磬ڶٻѩ
컯첻һУƽӹ֮ǹŷٻѩĴڣʸִ̳С
½ֻ̽˵Ǹ̽˵Ǹŷ̽ġ
ʵǿǿϧˣûдﵽ˵ı׼Ǹһֱںǽ̸Ѫ˵
½ͷǺʧ䣬ΪҲףΪ޵ֻϱ̶ֳȵˣŻᱻС
˭ԣǸѪܿڡ
ԥһ£Ȼ˳ȥ
ҲչսΪϤѪܵһֵֶΣһμֵʱ䣬Ȼȶ½ʱ仹ҪʹˣһʱĺԶ
ֻҲˣѪܵһͨ˳˶Ѫɫܣһ˽⡣
һǿ֣߳Ƕܱߣĸֵ֣ʱ䣬Ҳֻǲʱһ㱻ɱֻܹ䡣
˶սˣֻйŷδ֡
۵˵
۵ĻǸѪδ˵ʲôֻǵͷ
һսܼңʵǿ󣬼սܣղżǿ̫ˣһ£ѹһܡ
ЩܣҲʼʩչΪµֶΣء
Ȼۣˣһսʩչȫںͬǿ֣߳ÿֻǱ΢һ㣬ܹսزѾˡ
գѪܣֻܹڵ޸ȴҲΪˣûмֵһʱֱ䡣
һʱ䡣ŷеϧ˵
һʱ䣬ǺܳԸĻ϶ܹĹȥּǿߣеֶΡ
֪Ǹ֪ԵȵĲҡ۵˵ʵϣҪǶһЩµֶΣǿԴȥġ
δ֣ڸղţܵڤڤ֮һ־֪컯УǸġۣҲֱˡ
ŷҡͷеظˣȵ˭˵
Ҳҡͷ컯ʵԼĴ֮ϣôܲһЩֶΣ֪ǴҪȵˣ컯ֶο϶ᱬʱ۶ûаյסҪ֪ǿһѵǿߵֶΡ
һ°ɡ˵
ŷһ£Ҫ֡ٻѩȴ˵ף
ٻѩʵӹɵģҹŷףٻѩҲѴȥȳ֣ΪһЩֶܵΡ
ʱ򣬱۷ϵܣҲָˣΧסٻѩһɱ
ǲΪٻѩܹס೤ʱ䣬ǵʱȥ֮ٻѩδȻˣǲء
ٻѩûɣȻģϾ۵ʵѾﵽļޣ˳ѣû˭ܹѹٻѩȻʵǿվȱֶΣұǿһЩ
һսܼңٻѩûаȥֱ䣬ش˹ŷߡ
ŷΪٻѩˣ֮һվ˳ȥ
㲻Ǹ޵УǸѪܾȻ¶ȵɫȻŷ羪һ¡
ŷ΢΢ͷȻ˵ֻи޵УܹǰԵİɣ
ǣΪºѵסһСǸѪ˵ǺܿϹŷ硣Ͼһ쾳۷嶼ǵˣȻҲǼްɡ
𣿡ŷ¶һĨЦݡ
ûзϻ
䡣
ŷһȭһܵȭͷײһͬʱˣǿԿǸѪܵȭͷȻЩΡ
ŷȭͷһ鶼ûУ˸ŽɫĹǿԷһС
ôܣǿ
Ҳֲ̫˰ɡ


2023 ŷ
Щ˾ãѪܵѾ޵еˣǴʱǲ֪ʲô޵е
ײŷֱռϷ磬ֲ̫ˡ
ȻЩܣûи飬Ҳ֪ʲô𾪣ٴγ˹
ŷЦûһԥֱӻԼŷսĴڣսܣ˲䱻򱬡
ɫѿ֪ˡ
ǾãŷпͦȥϾˣӲܣȻʾҪŹȥһʱǲѵġ
ֻǣŷδҪŹȥǿƣֱӳ֣ʩչͨЩܼսһ
ŷѪ䣬ЩܣȴҲܣһ㱻ŷҵϵ
Ȼˣŷ绹·硣ϾϲռƣԴѣּսѪܵʵڹŷ֮أŷܹӣѾǺţˡ
ʲôܳԿģʵǱ׳ŹȥġٻѩЩ׵˵
ȴҡͷ˵ŷ粻ˣҪǿ̬õ컯У
Ҳǵģ۹ôˡٻѩЩԹĻ̲סЦһ˵ĺ飬Ůܹ˽ġŷƽʱЩɵһ֣ǾȫһһǿƵĲˡ
Լʲôʱ򣬶쳣ǿƵġǹŷԸҲǹŷĵںǿǰԶᱣԸЦһм˵С̫Դˣһο϶Կ
ܣôôģŷˡҲ˵
һСһĳɼΪԼ޵أǿЦҵȴʧܡҲЦ˵
ҸײʧܵģЩҲǿ̫ˡٻѩЦ˵˵Ļһ㶼
ĻʱЩ˴ŭǿٻѩֻһȻҺԼ˵ֱǻĲͷˡ
ٻѩ̫ˡźǳ⡣
Ҫ˾㣬ŷֶ㾹ȻһֱҪ֣ԣֱҪ۵˵
ȻЩˡ
˵ʲôۣҪΪǿܹǣΪŷСԣûκκôЦš
вʱŭˡ
ͣô˵ģ𣿡Ʋ˵ԼĸסУԼĸףһӢۣܣκ˶ܹ
ƣҲվһߣ
һ۽ƶڿһɵһ
Ҹ׺͹ŷվһȻҪҸվһⶼ𣿡м˵
Ʊ̬ˣ׼վڹŷһ
ƣòҪڡ׸ɭȻ˵
˵֮󣬰׸ͺˣΪ۽ĿⶢŰ׸ɱ⡣
вҵŮɡ˵Ȼû̳֣˵ĻȴĲ
޵еǿߣûһ仰˵˵ģۼȻ˵׼Ҫ֣ɵ׸
׸Ȼ۵Ķ֣뵽ˡ
¶˵ɫи׵ĸоױоҸȻ˵ʱƣȫסԼ
ϲһָоһСȱʧ˵һֵǼ顣
ۣҲҪ̫ǸһˣʲôèܹеģĳЩ˲Ҫ߹Լ׸ԣȻЩֹǰ׸վҲһ޵еǿߣȻôˡ
׸ĻĿһҪ֡
ڴʱһŮӳ֣ۣò˼㣬һ˫Ư۾ɨˣ˵˭Ҫ֡
á½һ˶½һۣŮӵҡͷ˵磬̫ʧˣѵνˣôҪõ㶼ˡ
½ɫΣЦһ½û뵽ԼþȻʱ֣е㲻֪ˡ
Լõʣ½һ仰˵
ŷںܼսҲͬע˵ĶһŮӳ֣˵һŷʱףŮ˲ǱˣԼš
ϱǼһŮˣȻʵҡ̲ס˵ɫ֮еģЩȡ
۵ְɣлԹŷչˡŷſڡ
ĻЩ˼ԼıӣЦ˵лңʵҲڱǹŷĻ߲Ǹӡ


2024 컯
ŷŲ⣬֪ʲôط
á½ɫЩΡ
ߡŷһûԼĴ硣
ö½ӵĺˣ֪ԼԹ˵ЩʲôأϾԼһ濴ԼȷʵĲ
¶ΣǶ¼ҵˣǼݵ˵׸ЦεдŵһĨģм˵̫ǿƣϱҲὫøϳȥھȻӣûгԹֿ
˵ʲôεɫˡ
һڿˮֱӺˣװʶ׸
׸֮Уһ϶ǱͿˡȻһ飬Ҫ֪Ƕεۣǰ˵ˣһûк³
޵ܹôи֣֮׸ǾԲǶεĶֵġ
˵ʲôɭȻ˵
Ȼȫˣ׸ҲЩţһڿˮȴȻ˵˵һøϱǼһ˳ʲôõġ
ˡ
е뷨Ǿã׸ԱˣȻɵҲҪƤ
䡣
Ȼ˵ϣγ֣ϵ˼㣬ֱ׸ɱ˹ȥ
׸Х⣬Լһ޵УסΡȻ˵վû̫ʶ׸ǲ̫ŵġ
ֻǣһӴ׸֪ԼҪùˡ
һɿֲ׸飬Ԫ˻𣬶㵽һȥˡ
ǶΣȴûзŹ׸Ĵ㣬һĨЦֱӳ˹ȥ
׸㱻δ򱬣һֱϰٴΣֱ׸Ԫ񰵵Ҫݽˣβڶ½Ȱס֡
ûǸʵͲҪ˵һЩ˵ĻȻĻ֪ԼôġЦ𱬵ΰ۶Щʿˮ
ŮˣҲֻϱԽɡ˵ʵҲȷϱǽ˶ǲҲûй꣬վ˻Ƿֿˡ
˶һͬŰ׸Ҳһﵹù˭ãȻǶΣûбɵѾǶˡ
ҪǻǰĶΣ׸˵Ѿˡ
׸ŭȴûа취ŵöǺԼһ㱻Ӹˡ޵УڶεǰֱһЦ͵סεĹ
ΨһĴͷʱ˵ˣȻҲһǽĿŷ磬˾̾
ûϣŷܹ˶֪ǲĻŷ϶ˡΪʱѾ쵽һʱǹŷȴδѹԽսԽ͡˵ʵȻս֮У
ڳ𾪣ЩΣǶޱȡǹŷ磬ȴȫһȻʵ
ǰǲ֪ʲôǴʱˡ
ǹŷļһǲеˡ۶ЩգȻϳҲûɡ
գȫУڹŷ磬ҲܣҡҡλΣһˤΣŷʤˣ˿顣
һڹŷϣֱӽ뿪ˡ
컯֮أһƬãã磬ǰһʯ̣ʲôûС
ʯ棬ŷµķģŷʯǰ棬򣬵˰ʱ䣬ŷҲûʲô
⵽ʲô⣿ŷ
ڵľ磬Ȼˣôܡŷ룬ֱ֣ǸʯץС
¡¡
Ҫˡ
ŷһʯ̣컯֮أȻźĹϵ
Ҳû֣û飬컯УŷȻ޷⣬Ҳ;ԼԵҪⶫ磬˵ܹ
٣ŷ粻ʯ̣ġ
ڹŷ缴ʯߵʱһӰ֡һӢΰޱȵӣֻһָùŷ絹˳ȥ
ŷ级Ȼܵһɿֲѹ˶ڲ
ŷãԼȻܵѹ̫ˡ
ֻһܹһ㣬Ǿ컯졣
컯졣ŷ𾪵غ컯쿴˹ŷһۣȻûʯ֮УȻֹֻŷ罫ʯ̴ߣصʯ֮С
ⲻ컯죬ȴһƥеĸо
ѳȥǿߣȻ鴫ŷа̾
Žʯ̴ȥΪǲܵ顣컯һӰػŷʯ̴ߡ
ԷȻֻһӰǿȴԽ˴ʱĹŷ硣
֮£ŷֻ£е·ԺС
ⲢɣЩģȫӵ˼㣬һֱ˺ܳʱ䣬ŷ˸ɾʲô˼ŷȴһ㶼˽⡣


2025 
һУŷһ̤硣
ʱ鵭ʧֻһֻƬŷСһֻƬŷѾˡ
ǹеģֻƬû˼ôء
ʧŷֱӳ硣
˶ŹŷǣЩʿѾ֪ˣֻѪܹõԵԣеĿ⣬ȫڹŷǵϡ
Եŷˣҵȫʧˡ׸ֱ˵еע˹ŷϡ
Ͼǿ̫ˣǿɲΪʸ֮ġ
ŷɫѿ޲̸ɵ׸һԼ˴鷳Щ˶Źŷ磬ɹŷս죬Ҳܵסô˵Ĺ
Һûҹˣŷ΢һЩ
һԥûУֱһƳ鴤׸飬ǿޱȣҪɱ׸
׸ȻʱˣΪܵһв
׸Լǿǵס˶εһ
Ҳᣬֱûȥ׸Ϊʱ֪ԼĿʵǹŷ硣
ֻҪɵŷ磬ǾпܵõԵ
ߡһվ˳͹ŷ粢
ͬʱٻѩҲվڹŷߡҹڹŷһߣһ˫ӣڻϣſµɱ⣬ûɫ
û뵽ҹȻҲվ˹ŷһߣͻȻԼܻ鷳ˣҹ͹ŷһĿ϶ǻҪɵġ
Ҫ˵ҹ޵˭ǻɡ
ŷ磬Ե㲻ĿڣĿⶢŹŷ磬ɱȻ
ûеõԵŷҡͷֱӷϡ
ܣѾͨ˿飬Ȼ˵ԼûеõԵ㵱ǴҶɵ𣿡˵
վߣһǿߣҲͬĮ˵Ե㲻򻰣ҪݣҪΪᡣ
˵Ļŷɫһ䣬ɭȻĶǸʵǺˣ
𡣡ԷĻش
Ǿİ֣֮УҲǴǿߡ
붯Ϊ˴ԵġڴԵŷˣȻܷŹŷ硣
ֻǰ䣬𣿡ŷЦʵ
һ£׹ŷʲô˼ˣ¶ŭɫŹŷ磬Ҫɱһ
˵˵
Сڳɱ
ǿߣͬʱŭֻǹϵЩˣǱֹϵȻܲˡ
ǲýˣҪ֪;ΣξƭĿʼİɣǲǵģϾమҲסŷҡͷԣ˴ŭҲ׹ŷʲô˼ˣаһŷȱ¡Щ̲ͬסЦ˳
ˣʱȻٵҲΪɫǶݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪ˹ŷһ
С
Ҫɱ㡣Ҳеʧȥǡ
˵ҹŷ绹һ϶ӣĴЦѾ߳ŭˡ
ŷ֡
ߣϷ˭أЦɫмһ۱㿴ˣǸϷĿľȳ֣ŷϵĴԵ
ڳˣҲɵӣܹ顣
ֱ֣ӽضǵĹȻŷץ˹ȥ

һһȭȭͷײһͬʱˡ
ۡʱ򣬲ע⵽ŷߵˣ̲סһˣôˡ
޾£δ֣֪ˣΪѾȥأȴû뵽Ȼٴˡ
Ҫ֪ۿһҪˣȻδɹҲ֣һˣǿס
ȻۣҲûһգ˵ԼһĶ֡
С㾹ȻʶңһΪѾ˱۴Цֻ֮У˲мȻδС
ۣ飬òҪκУӲдô꣬ڽ죬еֵ̫ˡ˵ʮ㡣
Ȼʵǿ󣬵ߣȴֹһǿߣһ֣ѹƹŷǡ
ϵƣǿ֮УȻԵ÷ǳҪ
ǿۣͬҲһȺͬĸֱ֣Ӻˡ
вңЦ
룬Ҳûд󡣡Į˵һ㶼
вۣѹˡΪһߣǺܶġ
ҵҪ˭Һƴ˵ĮҲܼ
˭ҺƴڳǿߣȫǶԷеء


2026 ս
û˸վʹҲЩԥ
ƴرǺּǿƴǻģһ㲻ãͻᱻˮ
һȺ˰۴ЦЩŭĿӡ
ǳֵˣȴûһȻ۵Ǻ˵ġ
ôˣʲôЦ
ڴʱһأڻûзӦʱֱϡ
ҽУֱӺ˳ȥһ㱻롣ڣ˺ܴǻ⡣
˭͵Ϯңŭ
ңһսվ˳ӺҪǣֱӽս
ŭĶŶΣȴûóȻӦʵ㵽˭
ҽΣһСˡĵ˵
û͵سƺϾеˡ
С͵ϮңѵΪԼǿʵһսһսŭˣҲ룬һһ㽫Լˣˣļ𣿿϶С
ڣѾܲôˣҪɱˣθɵĻܹеķŭ
Ҫ⣬ϱӡɫء
˻һɫ΢΢һ䡣ϱӣֲôǸ̬ҵӣ϶Ҳ൱
һŮˣȻϱܿϵġ
Ͷһл񣬻ŶΣҪһսˡ
ų֣ѵ㡣ڴʱŷ翪ˣվ˳Ż˵°ܽսһΣ˭ʤ˭
ŷ磬һҴ⣬ҴӮңһξûôˡŷҪ֣¶һĨϲɫ
ֻҪսʱ򣬽ŷɵʱԵͻԼġ
ԣǳ˷ܣŹŷ磬ԾԾԡ
С
һ˵˾Ȼǻš
ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ȻЦ˵𽫴ҶɵӣȳˣǴ˹ŷ磬ԵܹܵĵҪռԵǲܵġ
ҲӦˣʱĻ͸ղŵľһģҪûȳ֣ŷɵֻǺܿϧǵαװǺֱܸӱʶơ
ߣʲôʱ˵ҪռԵֻҪŷһѵѡȻԼĴ㣬Ц˵
ĻȴƲ죬޳ܵزˣټء
潫ŷ統ϵ𣿡ŷɫĮҲȴеŭˣЩ˺ܹ֣ûнС
ΪԼʲôǲܵסô˵ġЦ
ǵ̫ˣŷȻҪǣǳѣʹߣǿơ
С˹ŷ硣ŷ絭˵
ֱɱ˹ȥȻҪսһּΪ𾪵ĳҪ֪ʵǷ켫쳣ֲһĸ޵УͲǶ֣ڹŷȴһ㶼ɵֱɱȥ
Ҳŭŷһ˵ŷУԼ뵽ֿܣХ
˽ӽȭͷײȫ˳ȥ
ͬʱҲˣɱ˹
һս˭ҲƲסһʵǿѹסһȻĻҪս
ŷʵϣ龰ǵһȴҲûа취ˡ
Լķչս
ͬʱ;ˣŷ֡
ŷһ壬ȴҪսǿߣҲܡ
ֻǣʱŷ״̬֮ǰҪϺܶ࣬Ȼ֮ǰľ飬ŷһ·硣
˾̾һʵ̫ˣڶͬʵԼ˵ֱǾͨ
ܶŷ񣬳˳ȣǵòԵĻõͨҲǼõġ
ͬ棬ԼܹԼʵ൱ĴڣսͲôˡȻЩ˶Ҫõͨ
ŷȻҲˣЦսǿߣʱȻռϷ硣
𾪣ŷʵǵһ˵޵ˡҹǣһսô
͡
һ죬½ǲǹŷģɱˡ
ʱ½ҲˡŷԼˣܿŹŷ£ԼѾˣ̬ȡ
½ΪģԼãԼãԹԼ
½ŷһͬҲ˼һЦŷ繥Ȼһ㶼顣
½վһ𣬰½սǿߡ
鵽һزŷǻ·磬ǴʱŷǣûзǶսȻսЩǿߡ
ǳҩһһѹƴԪˣֱ֣ƾˡ


2027 ܵ
һսǳ£ǿȫɱŷȻǿ󣬵·硣ΪԷ̫ˣǡ
ʹԪЦȻʱѹƣȴһ㶼ġ
ڵȻᣬֻҪ۵Ĺ΢Ǳ֣ۡ
˵ʵǿʵ϶ǲǿߣҪһѹˣʵ̫ˡ
ŷһ˼ս޵У·磬һĻ˳ǿߡ
͡
ŷһתĺһ
ɱûôϻֱӳ֣ŷɱ˹ȥ
ָ䣬˸磬ŷ¡
ףµ˼㡣Ȼ;ˣҲ΢ÿ±
ơ
ŷȣѪת׸գ˶Ϊ˻ƽɫƽɵһ㡣һȭһ򷨡
䡣
һ죬͵ɳȥָѪ
һ̣ŷٴγȥᣬɱȻͳ֡
˽֣ը죬ƽѹһУʥʹˡ
ʹŭû뵽ཻ̱ԼȻȫǹŷĶ֡ʱѪµסʱ䡣
ˣʱΧŷȻ߲ܲʡ
ľ֪ãûҪ군ˡ
ۡ
ŷһȭ͵ķѡ
Ұɣڶķϣɱһǿˡˣ飬Ԫȴڴ
ȻҪĴ֣ùŷŹԼ
Ͼʱĺÿһ޵еǿߣһʲƸʧ
ŷû˵磬ءһ˫ȭͷǬҪɱ͡
ǹŷľҪնɱԷһ㶼顣
Щˣע¡Ȼʧȥһ޵бȽϿϧܱڹؼʱ̣˳֣±ȽϺá
Ͳʣ⣬ȻסŷĹ
ۡ
ͱ飬Ԫ˻Ҫƹŷķ⵲ӳ
߲ŷֹϣ˷ֻس֣С
¶ֵɫ֪ˣŷ˾Ҫɱ

˻ԪͻȻǿֱӺֻأһȱԪ񣬵Զ˲ʧ
ҲǹԱһԪ񣬽ŷͨ飬ĻᡣԹŷʵҲûл
һһƽɫѪǵ䡣
ûɱ˹ƶǬУ𶯹Žδŷѹȥ
ɱڹŷϣ
Ȼﶯµֶεģ˾һ
ءᣬϵϢǬıԴڹͳҪɱŷ硣
ۡ
ŷϳһѪӣȻƲʱҲⴴˡ
ȴɫ侲һ㶼δšЩ壬һֲõԤС
һ̣ŷˣ֮䣬һƬãʥӡǬ߸֮䣬һƬӲӣŷ·ΪģΨҶ𣬺ɱ֡
䡣
ײһ𣬱µɨʮ
ﵹ˳ȥȾѪԴⴴˡɫȻסԼΡ
ڴʱŷȴɱ˹⾧ӨȫֻƽɫȻ¾ϡ
ķѣԪ񷢳ŭֱӹŷԪ
𡣡
ŷͬХ硣ܶҡֿµƣҪһ
֮Уǳܶ׹Ϊ貵̻
﷢Ĵ飬Ԫ۵һһˡ
ŷҪ֣׾ɱ
һӰֱӵס˹ŷһ
Ǹ˿ѪȴһѽԪץסȻ뿪
ŷüͷһ壬û׷ȥԷǿߣ˵һ¡
ûˣȴɱ˹ȥ
˶û뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿȫǵϣս֡
ŵͷߣûһԥͬʱŷ綢˭˭뿪̲סĿɿڴ
գҲòߡ
һսδˣȴ˾۵硣
ңղʩչȫֶ𣿡߽ŷ磬̲סʵ
ûУŷ翪ڣ˵һ
˶⻰ŵģٹŷ꯵ϣѧ˲ȴδʩչ
һֺܿµķţ޵УֻҪܵļޣһйϹŷ粻»Ϊս̡
ܺãҶεθ˵˵
ŷߵεǰֱӹڵϣͷŷš
úӣɡθˣỨ
ʵϣ뿪˻Ƽô꣬ȴлԼļһ֮ˣȻˡ


2028 ֪
ҹŷ˾ޣʲô˵ģֺˣ˭ܹ
ŷүŷ½
Ȼ½ҲҪõϵĴˣգվһߡҲкܶԭΪΣⲢŷϿɶ½
½Цһ˵үĿǷǳְ
ȻҲףԼȻǻһΪһվĲ
ŷȴһû˵˼ȴƽϡöǶ̲סͷдصˣܹΪǿߡ
ţ絽סһʱ䣬ѼǸѾͷҲھ֮УϱŵüաŷЦ˵ǰ硣
˹ŷһۣεͷӦ˹ŷҪ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣǰ磬һ͸бˣôǿ˭׳֡
𣿹ŷ¶һĨЦҪджˡ
½ԥһ£Ȼ˵Ҳȥɡ
⵹ùŷЩ⣬û뵽½ҲҪȥ
˰ɣ㻹ɣһ֣Щһǿ϶ŭһҪֶԸǼ壬²ʲôýġЩġϾЩһûһʡ͵ĵơ
֪ˡ½ͷ
뿪ص¼С
ŷǣص硣ŷĽ֮󣬹ŷһȺŮˣȫΧס˶Σŵĺţöθ˵˼㡣
ƼѼҲ۾ˣЩ˺ܶĿͷһ֮ˣǻһȻ޷Լĸ顣
˻ƼѼѵʱĲһҪ嵽ƼңЩȫɵ
ŮȻܵ˴ίŭ
ŷվסˡƼұϾ⹫ļ壬ŷ粻ΪЩԭ򣬵⹫֮ʲô¶ˣӰ֮ĸϡ
Ҳʲôûһֱֻ̽ӴԽ޾Ŀռ䣬ﵽ˻Ƽҡ
ƣȴоһɿֲѹʱһãҪѾˡһֻڻŵϣһ㽫顣
ڿѪŭһΡ
Ƽҵ˶ǶʱˣǺ˳֣ԭǶүķˡƼ֮˶˽ΣһҵŮӣ̫һ׼һЩ飬Ի֣Զκá
ҲΪԭźϱֵ÷־ӣһֱڻδϡ
Ҫıɱҵ۸ҵŮţΪԼǸ쵰Ĵ磬ҾͲɱ𣿡αɱȻ
ţ㲻ҪˣˣˣŻƼҵѪҿֵܻǸ쵰һС˵֮󣬶νԼ˻
ɫҲ룬ԼǲˣȻĻΪʲôƼҵӵܣû˵Լȷġ
ѣҵ𣿡ʵ
ѳĬһ£βſڣˡ
ĻһԥûС
Ŵŭû뵽Ȼ˸˵ˣηʱ̲ס̾һԼĴˡ
˲ǲʮ꣬˰֣Щ˵Ƕ߰ɡ
ԼĶӶ˵ˣŻܹ˵ʲôһЩ顣
û뿪˵ף֪ܸģĪɣĶʵӶ֪Ƕ֮ޣҲҪѹĹ⻷ģ෴ûκβֳ
Ȱţϣܹȥ
ŲԲҲ֪ûȥ
ֵܣ빲빲ˣ˼ʣǲӦõģףĪüʴ顣Ѽ˵
΢΢Ĭ̾һ˵Ҵˡ
Ȼֻ֣ȴ̩ɽ¶һĨЦݣ֪ԼĸҪıˡ
Ҹôʵ
ȥҹŷͼѼѣǸѺ˵
΢΢һ飬ʹԼˣҪǸԼ
ף֪ܸģˣҹŷͼѼѣ֮ˣִ̫ŵģ϶ԭġٴ˵
Ҳ»ΪʶԼĲԣһǧѷĻᣬһҪûų׺͹ŷǺͽ⡣
ѺŷѾɳڱܹԼĸףԺֻǿԼ׺͹ŷȥǲкýġ
Ǻǣڵǲǹŷ磬ǸΣȻܷŹҵġ뵽ղŶεΪžľ
ףԼϱֳĸɱԼ


2029 ͻ
ף㿴˶ˣ֮ˣҲŭǾԲϲ壬һǶͶ֮䣬ҲûκοˡѼ˵侲ķ
Ҳ֪һ㣬룬
ȥϴżᶨ˵
֪Լ̬⣬ڱԼĶӵѣﻹԥҪж
ϲ׿ϡЦ˵
֪Լĸ׿֮󣬲Ժ͹ŷ֮ĹϵãҪģΪ¶Ҫһ¥
ʵϣŵʣȻϱһ죬վֵˣȻٲܲ١
ǣΪϵԭ򣬻Ȼ̤޵Уʵȴǵ׵ģڿϣʵ϶̵ʱ֮
ΪһǰСˡ˵
ǰԼĴӺӻǣǺ⣬ڣŲףеĺӣԼûбҪƫ̻ңˣĲ˲
ܹϣɴ˿ɼѵԣǷǳߵġ
磬ʱһ˵δģʣԺϾٲԺͶûԺǾûʲôˡ
ѵһЦûΪŵͶҲûκνɫֱ֣ûŵͷ꣬Լӣиˡ
ȻȥϴҲûдţֱ뿪
֮ǰ֪ͨˣûѳΪƼҵļ˶Ҫӻѵ
´ĺͻȻƼҵЩԱȫЩ㶡û˷ԣ˶֪ѵΪˣͬʱףΪֻкô
û飬̲ס̾Լӣĺܵĵġ
ûԥת뿪
֮УŷںͶһЩ⣬ͻȻŷһĿһ
ͬʱҲ¶ȵɫȻû뵽žȻ
ȥ˵ʱŷһ
ţɡŷϽֹɲνŸɵǹŷɱ˻ţǶҲܹ֡
Щ˵㲻Ҫô࣬ҲǸϻ쵰ɱĸ磬Ҳûʲôġ
ŷЦã˵գܹöء
ţͲҪΪˣҿǸŵӣδؾ鷳ģҲӦ֪ôǿߣռ˵ġŷΪη
üͷһ壬ȷʵͬŷ˵һȻǻǰҲռˡȻôǻûɵز
Ҳ˵Ϊ˱ġ
뵽ŵ˵ͷȥһ£һҪʲô˼ֱӸɵҪԥ
ŷ˵꣬һ˴
վŷֵʱžɫһ˿Ρ
Ѿ¶ˣǵҪ˵ϴĻʱ֪ʱϴȻôѵһ顣
ţʲô飿ŷüͷʵ
ſ˹ŷһֹۣ
һ㣬Ҫġŷüͷȴ˵ʲô飬ԼǸ顣
ŷһͷӣ̾һƤӶ˶ڼѵ˵һ仰ϴġ
ɶŷɴ۾Լǲˡ
ϴôܣ
˵ʲôһֱ۲ĶǻĸµĻ͸˻šǵŵĻ֮޷ˣһﾹȻϴģҲԼǲˡ
ϴġȻѾ˵ˣžûиղôˣ˵ӣùŷͶˣһεĸо
̲ס˵㲻ǳԴҩ˰ɣ
˶һŵӣſЦ˵ȷʵϴģǰҵΪ˸˺Ǹϣܹԭҡ
ŷ͹¶ζһۣȷˣԼˣǻǸˡ
ֻΪʲôôѵķˡ
һ£ȻĹ۲һţ¶һĨȵɫ˵ͻˡ
Ҳֵ֪ųԾˡ
Ǹ쵰ܵܣ˵˵ΪӦòֹģͻϵĻһ¥Ϊ޵֮еٮٮߣͻˡ˵ᵽϱþͻ쵰ƺȻϱŲŭ


2030 Զ
ſЦ
û뵽ԼĵܵܣȻľͿԼˡ
ЦԼһֱԼĵܵܣҪɵԼֶ
Ӧòŷ˵һ㶼ûſЦҡҡͷû˵仰
ˣǰ飬ȥǹȥˣҺüѼѺ͹ŷûˣȻĻҿ϶Ҫɵ㡣οɲ֪ʲô
ŸЦһƳ֮һɡ
ŷ磬ԺµĻңֻҪܹģҿ϶ȥ˹ŷһۣ˵
ŷͷûп
һ޵еǿߣһ£ûʲôܽܵġ
뿪ˣȻǸȴϾǰ飬˵ȷʵеΡ
ϼһҪһϴĻԭֻһЦЦһ˵
ŷ纹գǻ˵ġ
ˣǻȥɡ˵һ䣬뿪
ڣһȺ˾ۼһʹԪ飬վλǵʵΪǿ󣬴ʱĿɨˣһϵӡ
ɱ˹ŷ硣˵
˲⣬¶ɻɫ˵ŷȻǲֵôֶΰɡ
̫СŷˣҸ˵ٲɱ˹ŷ磬꣬ŷ罫硣˵
ʱ䣬¶˼ɫ
һȻٽʱ˺ʹԪһ֣ѵܹѹŷ硣һػʵ
֮󣬵ս֮£ҶδаǹŷĶ֡һ
ʲô˲Ծء
ֻ֪ŷȴû뵽Ȼز
ʱ䣬ս֮£ûаգ̫ˡ
˭ܹûС
ɱԪкһ
̫ˣҲвܸᡣһȺ˶ڴ󺰣ɱ˸
ȻǴĿУʶ˹ŷĿ£֪ˣܹᡣ˶֪ŷڲ쾳Ѿи޵еսǽ޵о磬ûܹµ
ǿԿ϶ǣǸʱĹŷ磬Ի˲
ЩˣǹŷĶְԪü˵
ԮǿԮһγôĿưո𣿻ǣǿߣŹŷأֻҪȻȥѰѣһ֣ʱŷȻҲǵĶ֡Ц
ǣǲЩǿߣ磬»鷳Ƕ޷ȥʱȥ˵һΣ顣пܻ꼰
ʶһ㣬ǶЩԥ
ǻԥüû뵽ѾʱˣЩ˾Ȼԥ
ŷ֮νˣԪʵ
ԼὫԼЦ
Ԫһʲô˼
ŷֻƬ컯촫У֣ʱǿ϶ᱬսһһֻҪ˳ȥʱʰо־ˡЦ
ĿģŷɵˣȻٽЩĻᣬеЩɱ
ǲɵӣԪü
֪ȴò֣ǲҪŵ˵
Ԫ¶ȻɫʱЩȻˣټĻԵǰҪܹǲء
ãͰ˵Ԫϲ
Ŀ⣬Ͷˡ
һˣǸոջعǿߣԣһǸĵǿߡͷ󣬱ʵǡ
ֻǣʲô֣ȴû֪Ϊ˵ȴ֪վһģϰߺ
˵Ե˵
Ҳǵͷûκʵϣһֱ飬ȫǴԪǺٲ廰ֻҪľǶͬ⡣
ս飬ϲġ
ãǰ磬ȥ˵ЩˣǺϡİ塣
Ĵǿߣȫ뿪
ȴûз֣뿪֮һ˳֣վȴûһ˷֡ޱ飬ǶһվһȻʧ
Ȼ²һǶˡڴʱ֮У¶ȵɫ
ŷ˵ò˶ãǾͻ̲סѰҺߣһɱŷ磬λÿɷ񣬵ȴû뵽ŷĲˡ
ǶˣҲжˣȴ￪ʼŷоһ


2031 ʧ
צȫˣȥȰЩˣԼϡ
ŷǶצĶͬʱҲˡצڵĵط뿪֮󡣹ŷֱӳڵ硣
ֻƬһУʱеǿߣȫɫ
ŷҲ֣Σ½ҹۣЩǿȫˡ
ﳹױɫû뵽ŷ羹ȻóộԸԼ֪Լ鷳ˡ
ŷ磬Ҫʲô
ͬʱֻƬ֣ҪֻƬ֣ȥ
ǣһжͽֻ͡ƬޱȣʹơʵϣӦġ
һֻƬѹǿн֣޷ơ
οֻƬȻһֱڣŷ綼δӳֻƬܣǸһ磬ñ޷ŷȴԭõԽӦˡ
Ҫʲôѵ㲻Ǻ𣿡ŷЦһҡ
һҧŭ֣ɱǡ
Ȼﱬˣ֪һսҪ򣬹ŷǲκ֮ģǲĻֻ
Ϊ֮еĳԱȴһֱ壬磬ĲѾˡŷ˵
ҪɱңҲҪĴۡ˵
˭Լսģ¶ԷһˣöԷԼһ
׳ա
ŷЦһֱһ壬ˮѹơ
쳤Хŭ˼㡣ֶΣԺǿ֮ʯ٣ȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼôȱ£ųԼķһսûһᡣ
ʩչֶΣɱŷķҪϵģȻԸ⡣
Ҳǰ־棬άȥԼҲǱɣûһΪŷ̫ǿˡ
ѹ򡣶ŷǣΧסһǿߡ
ǲͣĳ֣ͨɱԷ˱һ޵еǿߣǴʱȴǳıɱˡ
ҲҪһһ·ȴΪΧ̫ˣֻҪҪӽһ˶ֱ֣ӽȥ
޵еǿߣܱߵģһ˶û˵Ȼͱ˺ɱˡ
һĻ۾ˣǱɱ˽Сɣദ޾£˾Ǻûѣʱȴˡ
ҪɱǣΪҵСɱ𡣡쳤ХϢ죬͹ŷķ֡ʱһ˶սŷǿߣȻ·硣
ǹŷҲҲֻһʱģﱬǱܣȵǱܱɾˣûôˡ
ֻҪŷסһʱˣɱ
ŷҲϲصˣҲʼ﷢ɱԹ
ͲһԼܵص˺ͣĳ֣ﶼһƷˡ
͹ŷͬھҲôʵ̫ˡ
ֻǣһж־תơŷֻ΢΢һۣȻˣɱԱ
֮еˣдǲڸĵĻ磬ûмϵıҪˡ
˶ɱ۾ѪˣǺ޵á
һ˫ӣڹŷǵϣԹ
ǶҪҪ磬ҪΪҵĳᡣ쳤Хŭ˼㡣
񣬺޲ûء
ûǸˡŷ˵
һ̣ıҲΧ
ǿͬʱҲһٱ򱬣ͲǹŷĶ֡
ŷʵǿּǿߣΧһˣǷǳµ顣
ۡ
գﱻ򱬣𣬳ʧ
˲֪µ磬ʱڳˡŷǶһۣԷе˷ܡ
ڣֻҪҵ˭Ǿ˭
ǿ϶벻ֻƬڣû˿ԲȫΪΪ
ȵŷǳʱҲֻǹȥ˲ʱ䣬ŷǵõϢڣѾսڵĵط뿪ˡ
ǶһۣȻˣսҲǱҪģ򣬹ŷҪˣڼȻҪһ𣬹ŷҪˡ
ߣսۡ۾Ҳˡ
սۣɲһǺųƺսļһʵϣ֮УкܶǿߣѾҪ֪ս۵жôˡ
ڻˣȻŹ
ŷͷһ˹ȥ
սۺǸǿߣԺ飬ǲڣǻûһһȺ˱ˡ
˶ˣŷ֮󣬶ʱɫ䡣
֪ãҪд鷳ˡ


2032 
Ը˳磬Զ̤硣ս˵ûеȹŷǳ֣˵Ļ
ŷ˭Ҳû뵽ս۾ȻʶȤ
Ц˵˵߾ߵĵط𣿽θûĹս۵Ĵ㡣
ЦŻɽ飬ǲġ
ǲսۣʵϣֲεǿߣʹģҲûˡǵʵ̫ǿˣʹԣҲʲôġ
ԣս۱ɱõѡ
սɫѿȻҲЩ˵뷨пЦЩ֪ԼһΣҪˡ
ѳ֣ɱȥս۴
ǸѣʱҲ֣˺ֻأȻŷʵʱЩԲˡ
Ͼ޵еǿߣ֣ʵڹŷ֮ϡ
˭߲ŷ˵˳֣֣ɱǿߡ
ǳָݵģսɱĻԡѪ֪ٴΡĳηǳ˷ܡ
ϾսۣŽδмܹ
Σȴˣڶֻһ֣Ǿˬ
սŭȴûãͣıԷܣը飬Ԫ񶼲һ㱻꼰ˡ
զ࣬һʵȷʵȻҲˡ
һ֣ʱȴѹŴȷʵˡ˭սۣѡһ·н³ֻԼҵġ
ɱ
ҲûˣϾԷʵҲǾԵǿġʹսʤԷҲҪһЩ۲С
ȻĻҪɵսۣҲô򵥵ġ
ڹŷ磬ǽս۵ΧסԷ˵ֱӷҪʱӳȥ
һжɱͽͣɱˣΧסսۡ
սۿɬһЦû뵽Լһ磬ȻһɱһжԼµӢڵõ˹
䡣
ŷǳ֣һսۡ
ս۲ǿǹŷ̫ǿˡЩ˵ģսûʲôء
ս۱ɵ֮еһǿߣǧţʧ
ˣȫɵһʣ¡
ŷӦһ£Ȼָָһ
ٴγɱ硣ֻǳŷϵǣȵڵĵϣѾʧˣǰ뿪֪ŷҪһ
ŷЩŭվŵģǰɱ԰
ɱһ¡˵
εĻŷɫ֮У¶һĨɻ󡣻ǵˣɱĻеı鷳ʲôµġ
ɱ˻ҾͲûм̳ߣʱļ̳ߣŰ֮еɱ˵һ¡˵
ǣʹɱҲġŷЩü˵
ҲɣǻһΣп¶ǳ˼ɵˡЦ˵
ԭδ⣬ûɵʱֻҪҪע⣬Ҫúõĵһ¡
ҿûô򵥣ǲ˽һǽߣڻ˵Ǿ֮УΪĵˣ׷ֵģ϶ٻҹȴҡͷ˵һ䣬ڻ˽⣬Խڳˡ
ԣҹĻ˻ɡ
νҲǸʱˣҲ·Ķˡŷ˵
ڹŷţٹһЩ£ŷʵͻ᳹ʱȻĴҲֻгԱķݡ
ڳˣڹŷ̫˽ˡ
ʵֻҪͬ׵ǿߣȫɱ
ԣʱеԽԹԽ
ڣǸûصˡŷ˵ݵ㣬´ʱѾ˰ɡ
һʼǺע⣬ֻǾùŷвЩˣȴ˺ǡǴʱǲ֪Լˣŷˡֱҡʣµһңǻ飬һʱˣһҲ㵽˽ܱҵġ
ãǻȥҲͷ
ɱ˺ܶˣ¾磬˱ԣڵһʱȥġ
ػھ֮Уǳİȫ
Ȼڳ֣ҲܽôʵϣʱڵʵȲϹŷǡ
֪ŷ֮ذħ¶ĽɫЩƣԼʲôʱ򣬲ָܹеΪҲǹŷһս졣
ܿϧ˺ƣǱ۷ǿߣʱȴһֱ޷ָһЩνĴսǶ޷룬ˣƵ˼㡣
аģһҪ̵ʱ֮ڣԼΪ޵еľ磬ĻǲŲۣĸ֡


2033 ̫
֮𶯣˭û뵽ŷǾȻ˹ϣɱôˡ
Σڸɫࡣ
类ߣսҲͬɵˡҹˣô࣬ȫˡ
ȻҪ֣ҲҪúõĿһˣһŷɱ˭ܹס
úֶΣǿء˵
Ӳ˵һ޴вҪԪɫĮһ⣬ҲȻŭˡ
ЩˣͲҺǺˣŷ̫ǿˣ޷ǡƵ˵
ڣʲôʱ򱻱ȵز
ңŷǵʵʱʵǺǿڣȴһ
кֵܶܣδع飬ȻĻͲˡУδѣһֱڻָһΰ»ǵһս
뵽Ǻ޵ֱҧ
ȥԮһӰ֣˵
ɫһ䣬˹ȥһޱ֮꣬УǸղ˵ǸδĴڡ
̫ϡ
Է֣ɫѿ
һʼ棬Ҳλãɾߵ֮һȻҲˣҳԼ˵ǰ
̫ϣһҲһǶδ̫ܵʲôΣա
ңһһ̫ϣǳɵҺ֡һµĴڣ֮УԻ
˭Ҳ֪̫ϵҪʲô˶ܹо̫Ұģҳǵ
ﻹԮʵ
Ȼɵ̫ϣ̫˵仰ûʲô
ааˣһֱ̫ԸǰĻǿ϶Ը⣬򣬻Ȼߣȴ˲ʣһһҰķǳļһƿػħ֮еĺܶǿߣΪǿһ򡣡̫³棬ľ
֪̫˵Щ棬ԲģǾ˿ĵ顣ԣòɣ̫ϵҪʲô
һǿߣͬڣһЩʲô
ΪʲôҪǣʵ
̫Ͽһۣȴһ䣺ڰ𣿡
˻һһЩˣ̫ͼıһЩʲôԲ˵ָԼˣʵϣڰԼˣڰԼ
뵽۾
̫ϣʵһֱɻ㵽Ҫʲô̫ϡ
̫ϵһЦȴû˵ûκһ㶼
̫ϣʵǶûкøУҪǲ˵Ļδܹ߳硣Ԫס̫ϵȥ·
ͬʱԺվ˳̫ϵȥ·
ʵǿ󣬸֣һ㶼̫ϡ
һĻ̫ϲţҲûκŭһ˵ǵסҵģҵĻǻŷ̵ĻᣬҵĻĻҪҲҪ顣
ɫһ䣬⻰ʲô˼
㵽֪һЩʲôʵ
̫ϲû̫ڳĬ˵Ǽϼһôʱ䣬Ϊ磬ֻǰЩս֮еǻع飬סģֻܹɱŷ磬սĹ·ǳս֮ˣȻչԼܹһ١
̫ϵĻǶʱɫˡ
̫ϵĻʲô˼ˣ˼˵ս֮Уǲ֪ǿ
ⲢûпܣǴսڣ̤㣬֪е
Ҫһս֮УһЩǿߣֱҪˡ뵽սڣжǿߣУǵͷƤˡ
ˣ̫¶һĨЦ
ˣҲЩף㵽Ǵ֪һеģʵ
ֱ̫ϵĻǼٵģ̫ϴ֪ģȴЩɻ
̤ս˺ܳʱ䣬ŷȻ֪̫ϵ˵ʱüˣ̲סһ
̤սҪع飬ûеôףҪѺܴĴۡ
̫ȴˣһ̫ˡ
Ϊʲô̲סʵ
һۣ̫ϵ˵ģȻΪǣڣȴֻаҵ˵ȻĻʱ˵ڣǸʲӵҲк³
Ļںջ𣬵ȴò˵̫˵ȷʵпܷ
ˣú˵ģҶѾ˵ˣҪ뿪ˡ̫Ͽڣ廯飬Ҫ뿪


2034 õԤ
ֻƿգҪס̫ϡЩ飬ҪһǺȻ̫˺ܶ׼ֱӶ˹ȥȻѸٵʧ
µضգȻû̫ϣǵһ㶼⣬̫ϵʵ̫ǿˣбױסǲĲء
ߡ
һ
ǲ̫ϣ˵˶ܹ̫棬ǳ֮⣬ǲûʤ㣬ȻԪҲС
̫ϣģе㵣ġһڡ
ҲͷҲһĸо
ףڣȴûѡһԤУȻ̫һЩȴ˵Ķģս֮У뱻ϱǣ˺ܶǿߣǻعĻЩˣкý˵ն˵
ĻЩĬ
Ҫδ뵽ġ
ֽʵ̫ˡЩߣΪػģôܹ鷢
ǾͰ̫˵ŷǣϾǲǾ޷ַӡǸ硣Ԫ˵
ܾϣľ
̫ϵĹأʵ
ĻԪ¶һĨЦ˭ڣվģ޵е̫δѣȻѵܹɣţھԵǰ棬̫һΪѰ·
Ԫ飬ʮ㡣
ԪĻ˵ͷҲãԵǰ棬̫ҪһЩʲôѰ·Ͳܳɹ
ãͰ˵Ҳ˾
ǿʼ˭ȽϺãյóһȫ붯һЩ
һ磬ˣȫ뿪ʹŷ綼δ쵽һ㣬һ粨ϯ
ʱ˿̣ŷ纰˺ĵһЩˣڣ컯ĴУ̳һ
ȫͲʲô˼Ƕҡͷǿͬǣ޷Ķ
ⶫ컯ĴУҵܹ϶бİֱӶ϶
ҹҲͷȻ˵ҵȵʵȻδﵽ֮ȴѾ֮۷Ĵˣ˵Ƕ޷һЩĻδ컯ĴС
ǴУ컯ΪʲôҪҪʲôŷ̲סʵ⣬ȴûܹش
Ѿ磬Ҫʲôǲ֪ȴһֲõԤСذħڣɫء
ǿߣֱɲ˵˵ģһʲôõԤеĻҪһЩˡ
ǣȻеоȴܹϤʲô顣
ذħǺܲбŤ
󣬾ǲõ飬ģ컯죬Ҫʲôͷˣһڵʱ䣬ȾԶ۶Ҫ΢Զһ㡣
ǴʱҲˡ
ȥأֻҪʵﵽʲô컯Ҳǲˣŷ磬ǿ㡣˵ΪΡ
ŷЦʹ츳˵ѳȥҲû̫ĵġ
ǹŷԷƱֻҪѣʵ̫ˣ컯죬ûܹ컯죬֮еĵһֻ˳ΪĻᣬճˡ
֮⣬֮ˣ֮Уû˳ѡ
ŷ粻ϣԼޣ϶ԼĴڣǶû飬Ҫѡ
ʵŷпܳѣǣʱ̫ˡЦ
ҲǹŷһֱƵ飬츳ȴû㹻ʱ䣬ɳһһ飬ѹڹŷϣЩӦӲϾ
ǻԵɺϣϹŷԼŬѾΪһѰ׹ˡ
·ߣһҪȥŷ磬ͿԼˡĹŷļ˵
Ҳǵͷŷ˵һܹһԴ漣ˡ
ŷ֮ӣûбҪЩһĮ𣬶ʱͷƤһ顣
Ȼи֣۽ߣȴδ֣ǶԷδڵĻǻûо쵽߶һˡ
ŷ͵վĿǸһޱ֮꣬У۾;첻Ĵڡ
̫ϡͻȻһ
죬þò̫ϵ˵
̫ϣŷһû뵽̫ϾȻˡһӪˣͬҲ
˵̫ϣ֮֮еĵһǿߣǹŷȴšԼʼ⹫ȶԷ
۸˵Լ̫һսһƽ֡


2035 ɱ
̫ϣ֣Ϳ϶ûк£˵ɣֱʲôˮˡ˵̫ϵ֮г˲ơ
ŷǱã̫Ϊһǿߣ϶ᲪȻŭǳǵϵǣ̫ϾȻһ㶼˵ͷȷʵûк¡
˵ɡ۵˵
Ҳûʲô˵ģڣѾȥԮˣֱǻħаطˡ̫ϵ˵
˻һֱӱˣŭȥүүģ϶иɵ
۵Ļŷȫ֣գض̫ϵȥ·Ҫ̫ϡ
̫ϵӰȴڲͣı䵭Ҫ硣
ŭһҪˡ
ŷȴЦһ˵ߵ𣿡
ŹŷĻʩչͨҪ̫ϸץ
ûõģϼһʵ̫ǿˣץ˵ġЩƵ˵ɲΪŷܹ̫ϸץ
ŷȴһЦϵĶ
һ̣̫ϳǰ˵סˣ̫϶סˡŷΪ;磬ʱȴץ˻
̫һȻӣŷȴڸмԼѧǸͨˣץԼǿˣ˴ó
Ҫˣŷ纰
ʱ˶ѹΧס̫ϳ֣أʱ̫Ͳӳȥˡ
û뵽ҾȻСŷ磬ֶΣǳҵϰ̫ȻôǿΧȴһ㶼ûоµɫЦ
Ц𣿡ŷʵ
ˡ̫ϵ˵ٴûһ顣ǸղЦ˲һ
ŷǲ⣬̫飬ղЦǲء
Ҳˡŷ˵ϳ֡
һȺǿߣΧŹһˣǸ˳ˣȻȻΪ̫ϣҲǵĶ֡
Ȼһ̫ϱ㱻ˣѪȾء
ŷĺܲҵϣ̫ݺô꣬ǵһγôĿأɱҵķҲǵˡ̫ϵĻȻʧ
ֻһŷ
ԣѪܡŷͻȻһ
Ѫܣѵ˵̫ϣ컯֮䣬ʲôϵȻĻôѪֶ
ŷǶһۣԷеľ
˵̫Ϻ컯֮йϵĻԺ»鷳ġ
һŷ˵ôˣҪǣνڵ⡣
ɱοڣһ顣
һսǻɱܴһʵ
ͬ⡣˵
Ҳͬ⡣ŷо˸
죬˵һѪ⾫ҺذħҪ»ص۷徳硣
ˣʱҪʵеˡ
û⡣
ŷ˵˵ı壬࣬һޡʲôȴûǿԿ϶ѪԳԡ
˵ͶŷǸڵ硣
Ǹ֮У۾¶һĨصɫУ˵ŷ磬ǼȻѾˣҪزˡ
ܵŷǵĵȴδ롣ùŷЩ⣬ͬʱһ־衣
Щк϶̡
ɱġŷ֣Ц
֮Уڶ಻ʤ֮࣬ȫĿⶢŹŷ磬ɱ⡣
ǹŷȴ壬Щ˵ʵУͲ벻̶ֳȵ
ɣαضزصġ˵
Ļݵĸ޵еǿߣȫ֣Ƕɱڡ
̫ϸǵģʵɫǳĲ
Ȼָ̫ȥѰҰֵġ¶ȻɫǶ̫ϴ֪һʲôӵˡ
˵ͷδΣ˵Ӧ֪̫ϲһöҪʲôҶ֪ǶֵĻ˵̫ϵ֮ˡ
ΣֻҪܹɱ㣬ҾͲ̫ϻܹȫЦ̫ϵĲм
˶˵̫ǿ󣬵ȴ̫ϲ£Ȼ̫ԼҲԵѡ
̫ܹȫֻҪɱңҲȻҪ۾˵
ŷǶһۣԷеɻġ
һ뵽һֿܡ
ԿСͫ΢΢һ
ɫҲһ䣬Ȼ뵽ʲôµ顣
ŷȴЩףЩϼһȣ̫Զˡ


2036 
ޱȣվĿɨˣη塣
Կףһ֪йأֻǵʲôôŷȴĿۣһĨɻ
ܶʱ򣬶ڳ˯һ㲻ѣѹȴ⣬Կףֱӻ۳˵
ŷ絹һȻֱӻ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ѣǾԲǶ֣ȻƴҲûʲôãǵ̫ˣûз
𣿡ŷʵ
šûԥֱ˵
ŷĿһۣ˵һ
˵仰ŷ翴һˣȻ˵ߡ
ʱǻƷΪûбҪҲܴӮʱ
ǵʵ̫ˣȼˣ޷졣
ЦŹŷ뿪ʵϣҲһ
ԿУҲǣȴʱ򣬻
Ͼ˯У޸ܵ˺һϣҪѺܶʱȥ޸˵Ƿǳġ
ԣȷʵҪɱˣĻỽġ
ǿϧЩ˵
ŷҲһϧͲһ㣬ǾܹɵˣһȴѾ׼ûֵĻᡣ
ȷʵ̫ϧˡŷ˵ŷ˵ҪģҪ׼ǽĻǵס
ȷʵģڸô죿Ҳüͷ
ҹһ£̧ͷ˵ҿԻص֮У
᲻Σգŷʶʵ
ҹ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦݣ˵ףΪʲôôѺ֮ˣİɣƾҪɱңǲܵģңȻѲ࣬ҲûУͻս֮УǺܼ򵥵ġ
ҹĻŷŵ˵ͷ˵Сģұ򣬰ɱ
һΪЦ
һΪŷɫᶨ
ЦȻת뿪
а飬Ҳýа磬ͨҿʦסаǰͨڣɵ˵
֣˴ϲ۸̲ס˵֣ûκѾͷ۶лˡ
ǰˡЦ˵
ֽһ⣬ŷڣֻʣһˡ
ħһȫһģԶԣǸɢ£ҵǾãȻܹ£һЩ£Ҳ̫֮࣬У϶лħ񲻷ŷо˸
ʹǳҲס˵
Ҳͷһλֱɳ޵еǿߣȻµǿߣԲֹ𣬿϶иࡣ
һˣ˭ɡ
ҰģҪһͳ磬϶˲Ը⣬ֻҪһˡŷо˸
ʲôһ
֯ЩĻĻħǳ֣ʹ޷ĻܻҲûϾˡŷЦ˵
⵹һ⣬ֻǶԻ֮еһ㶼ζԸʵ
ȥһ˻֮Сŷ˵
С
ڳˣȫԡ֪ŷδҲϣǳʲô飬Ϊ޴ʧⲻʧһ޵еսǿߣһʧһλϣʶѵǿߡ
飬˭ϣӦ
ȥɡ۳˵
ҵĶ𣿡ŷʵ
˻һɫڣһŷ˹ȥȻûغһŲֱӲ㡣
У˵һʵ𣿡ŷƲƲ졣
ףȻԼһ壬ҪۣҲǲܣһƽ֡
ңս֮£ŷ类ɱĿԸӴһ㡣
ϾֻǷƴŸһЩۣնɱķǿġʱȻ֮Ҳܹɱŷ硣
ŷľ磬̫һ㣬ܹ쾳۷壬޾κˣʱ΢һ㡣
ŷ磬㵽ôģη֮ȴ̲סһ䡣
ֻƬһϢǴ򲻹ҪߣǷǳ׵ģǾͲһˣ׳⣬ҾûȥıȽϺáŷ˵ɡҡЩŷû˵ԼڳˣҪһ㣬ҲֻԼȥ֯飬гɹĿԡ
ңǿŷͻȻЦһ
ʩչʮ䣬ϵϢ˱仯̲סɴ۾


2037
ͨ˵һ
ʱŷϵϢ׸ı䣬ȫǻħϢ֪ǰĹŷ磬ǻħǿ¶̲סҪˡ
ʮ䣬ʦսʥʴڸҵͨǾôŷ˵
Ƕоʲôһ𾪵˵
ŷͷͨŲıϳʱֱӻһħˣ綼ҪҡʱǵΣǽˡ
ھãŷõѡ۶˵ˣҲûб˵ˡ
Ͼŷͨͱ죬ֱΪȥ׼ģһεжҲֻйŷǰܹɹ
ҲͷȻŷ˵һҪСġ
֪ˣšŷͷһ£Ȼ˵ţ֮УҲҪһЩ顣
ʲôʵ
շǸ壬ǲҪˣҪǿΪãܹŷ˵
εͷ۸ЦǸҲͬ⣬Ҿ̤ƽǵļ塣
ޱȣ˵ĻҲʵ
½оһҪúȰһЩ壬Ļĺпܱ
ۣϵһƴֶŮڿԳɩӲȥ֮Уᵢʱˡŷ˵
á۵ͷ
ϵƣѯ顣ãƱ˹ŷһۣ˵ĸ׺ʹѾˡ
ŷͷһ뿪
յʱ䣬ع飬ȻˣҪǰ֮С
һ¡һ˺ذħ˹
ذǰҪʲôŷɻʵ
ذħһЦ˵Ҫȥ֮УЩħȻĦǵʽһ£Լĵ֮Уȡջָ۷ʵ
ذħĻŷЩĶذħָ۷壬ֶһ޵еǿˣֲ̫ǿߡ
ŷȻԸ⣬ȴ֪ذħݡ
Ͼذħŷ磬ʮ䣬תԼϢ
ܼ򵥣׷ߣ֮ץū͡ذħ˵
ŷһذħΪ˻ָʵѾҪˣ뷨ĳһĴ֣ν׷ߣʵе̫ˡ
Ѿ˵زŷӦԵ̫ˡ
˵ͷ˵ȻˣͰذǰ˵ɣֻίذǰ
ŷĻذħȴǵһЦ֮ˣںЩܵȻһֳ裬ǳƽ
ŷ˵ͷȻҲףʿʱΪΪʲô鶼ܹĳġ
ǳɡŷ˵
ıϢֱ˺ϣȻذħ֮С
ǴڻԵǿĻħżһСĻħ·߾Ķ
ŷ˶һֱۣû˻
磬ޱ޼ʣû֪ж󣬵ǴҶף֮Уһ򣬶Ȳϻ
򣬺ųƵһĴҲһ
Źŷ룬֮Խӵİ磬ŷȴûܵκ谭һõӡ֮ڹŷ˵Ԫûʲô
ذħȴ̲סüͷʵֻʣ²˲㣬ѹƵҲǸʱذħΪǳѹƵ
ڣȴһˣʵԶԶ۷ʱ
ôĻֲ֮ûħ֮жǿߡŷ̾
Լ֮ϣϾĻ֮ЩħҪǲǿ󣬲ء
ħһҺȻЩҰҰȴ󣬺ҪͷõĻҪˡذħ˵
ŷҡҡͷ˵ǰûУȴУħ֮еĻҲ֪һʲôӵĴڣһԤУźܴҰġ
ûɣذħͷ
̸۵ʱһִֻӻ˳ֱѹ˹ȥ
ʲôˣذħǳһְһ׷ߵĽɫͬһƳȥǸײһ
ȣﱻҡһ֣εģûκηֱ𡣴ʱذħɱ⡣
ôĵӣˣȻһЦذħɱڡ
ߡذħЦͬʾ
ˣ֮еˣ֮Уû˭ܹȥġǸ˵ɱ졣
ذħ̲סЦ˳Щ˵ƾҲɱңЦ


2038
һħҲֻ쾳ѣذħһңͬսذħȻѹʵţԷԲԼĶ֡
Ϊһ޵еǿߣذħһŻеġ
ǺǣеˣԶôԴ󣬼סҵ֣СԷ˵Լĳƺţһùŷ˳
СҸӶһ
ȻСҲŷɫ֮еĹŹˣĶŹŷ磬˵Ϊħ񣬾Ȼ֮е˽ѵͲ»ĳͷ𣿡
Сɫһʵ
ʲôδ˵ѵ𣿡ŷ˵
ʱ̫ˣȻֲ֪ĵӣǸСЦ
ذħһīˣ˹ŷһۣȻ˵ӣҳļһɡ
׼ˡŷޱ˵
ȴڵǸذħƺԼΪӣʵ̫Ťˡλǰ˵ĵЩίˡ
ذħЦС˹ȥ죬ֹȥûСЩɫȻû뵽־Ȼǿ󣬹ƣͷǳˡ
ߣȻҾͳȫ㡣Сɫ⣬Ц˵
Ȼܹܵذħǿ󣬵ǻСԼʵ˲սһʵȫǿʩչԼֶΡ
ò˵СԵƺšǼս˺ܳʱ䣬ذħˣŽС¡
һԴϵĺˮذħŷ˵ϣҲ
ɵŷ絭˵
ذħһ£֪ŷʲô˼Ǹɵ˻СҪ˽һЩ飬¾ûа취ˡ
ŷ羹ȻСͿ϶ԼĴ㣬һԥûУֱš˻СĲӣȻһֻ֣СԪ
ס֡
̲סһ
ѾˣǸСѾˡ
ĸߣŹŷˣɫŭ
ûǵĻ𣿡һŭʵ
ŷ翴һۣȻذħЦʵܹôŷɫмЩĵԼӣȻԼ
ǸСҹŷ鷳ģˡ
ЩǸʱûгֹڼСɱˣվ˳ֱЦŷɫмĸߣûнǵһ¡
˵ʵҲ쾳۷壬ҲȸղǸСҪǿϲ٣Ǻ͹ŷȣͲĺԶˡ
˻ɱСǸһŭ
Ҫɱң֣ܳƾĸϷҵĶ֣޵йŷ絭˵
ŷĻĸߣȫɵۣʲôЦѵǰһһ޵вεǿߡ
ǿŷΪ磬Ҳֻ쾳ѡ
Ϊֲֿսɡ
̫ˡһŭɱȻ
ŷɨһۣ¶һĨмɫЦ˵̫ˡҪֵģһŽš
ĸ߶һۣ֪첻ŷ˵ֻܹһ鷳
뵽ǳ֣ɱŷ硣
Ĵǿߣȫ쾳۷壬൱ˡ
ǣŷֻһ㽫ȫ˳ȥ
죬Ǹ޵Сһ߰Ӷˣ𾪵˵
һ֮УǿΪ𣬴ʱˡ
Ѿ˵ˣǲšŷ絭һЦЩӦǻһģûдŹǡ
ɱЩˣ䶯ʱٴʤսһоͺðˡ
ħ񣬶ѱģŷţǲԸ⳼һˣң˭ҰģһЩӦòͻ
ôǿǻһˣɱǣͻǲŹǵġ˿ڣ˵Լݡ
壬ûֻȴĻħʵǿľˡ
Щˣ츳׿ոճʱ򣬱ǿΪһ㶼ϹŴ
ͱ岻һǣ壬ѣԣǵ˿ǷǳӴġ壬ǻ£Ϊǿһֻ֮һ
𣿡ŷ絭һЦ
һֱ̣ӳ֡ʩչɱû˵֮СǵԪڣȫը飬ʲôҲˡ
Ȼŷһ֣ȫ۳ģĸ߱ˣʱлħҪսϡ
һ˵һҪ顣


2039 ع
֮У˸սˣħȻ֪ˣڲ²⣬Ǹ˵˭
֮Уһڻֺ꣬ߴޱȣһȥһֶĤݵĳ嶯
⣬ûһӰȿ£Ȼ޵У
֮£һȺˣȫǿߣ͵Ҳ쾳۷Ĵڡ
ǻ£ټȻҪ顣
Ǹҵϵ˭ǲ𣿡˵ƽûκηâڳˣȴһ㶼ҷɡ
һĻħӦǸոճ֪һ߿ڣش˻⡣
Ļħǿǲĺãŷˣ֪ͻȻŭ޴סˡ
ŷ磬ǲǴ˵еľȻ˻֮С
ɱ˻СնɱĴǿߣ۾ó顣
ΪʲôҪһ֮Уһǿɻʵ
Ϊǻ֮С˽͡
ɻ󣬻һȻҰģǴδȽפ硣ǲףʲô飬ǣŷˡ
һǿߣҡ˵
ǿʱһݣֲùŷҪֻһԭΪԭ
ҪˣĨɱŷǡ˵
һĶӣԷоϲǹ磬ʱ϶ž޴ĺô
Դйǵˡ
Ǻʱȥ磿һǿʵɫ
һۣͻȻһƳ˳ȥ
Ǹǿڸ޵о磬ȻˣҲɳȥ
˵磬жɱģδڵʵɵڻоԵİգҪƴжܹ
ǿǳĬͬ˵һǲڣȴ
ɱһɲǼ򵥵ģǿƣջǸ˾޴ĴۣŽ
飬ҪԵģǺġ
ĻȻɱҲܵµشʧ󲿷֡˭Ҳұ֤Լܹš
ʱ򣬻ҰģҲûʵ֡
ԣһӵ棬Ƿǳǵġ
˼ǣЩǿʵ
ǸڣѾһɱˣҪǣѰҵŷ磬ҡ˵
ĻЩȫһһ޵еǿߣɱˡʵԽԽɲˡ
һԸ׽ùŷ硣һվ
˶еԭ򣬻СɱȻ˻ŭҪѰҵŷ磬ŷ
ǿ߶ףҪŷԲǺ̸ġ
׼ˡ˵
Ѱҹŷ磬ͬʱ棬Ҫħֹŷټʱ֪ͨǣʱ͡
ħȫȡ
ǸƻϵˣȻǻħ񣬶֮еǿߣֲ޾ϡ
Ȼû˾ùŷܹӹȥڻ֮УҪɱ˭û˿ӵ
ϲֱӳѰҹŷ磬ҪᣬӮùͣʱ׸۹͡
ҲɫмȻǿŷ磬Ҳ㱨ǲҪɣǳΪ˵¡
ݱ¶ˣǸʲôˣȻܹµҵݡŷüͷҲ˷֪Լݱ¶ˡ
ذħҲɫɻ󣬰˵Ȼȴû֪Ŷԡ
ŷһͷȴ˲伴ţûץס
ô£һָоܻܿһ⡣ŷ˵ֱǹŷȴǳԼֱ
Ҫǣν磬һع⣬¾ͲЩħˡذħ˵뵽˹ؼĵط
ŷȴҡͷ˵ǲýˣҲµĲĻûнĴ㡣
ʲôذħȡ
ŷ˸Ц˵ҪĻѾˣҵ磬Ǹ״𣿵ȴңûн磬˵ûнĴ㣬ҲµĲĻһڵǿߣѾɱˡ
ôû뵽һءذħ̾


2040 
ڸô죿ѵǻȥ𣿡ذħʵ
ŷҡͷЦ˵㲻ͻƵôõĻᣬôܹ׷ѰһԵͻơ
áذħЦ
ʵϣһǳľϾѰҹŷأȴ뿪ǱΧסˣкܴ鷳
ֻǣŷذħֵС֮ˣǼȻȻ
˴ڻ֮УѰһԵ
䱦һ֪֮ʵҲġ磬ʵ̫ˣڣûһˣ֪絽ж
ŷһգ˲ٺöȻǿ߶̲סĶ
ذħǴϲЩ䱦Ϊźܴİ
ħǵ񣬲ֻ֪֮£жǿߣԶԶԽ򡣡ذħ̾
ŷҲͷǻõĻϻħ񣬳o츳ǳ׿ǿ٣ǲء
ҲǻǿƣȴûнͳһԭɡһȻǿ󣬵ռǿߣҲ֮е֮һ
ң޾˭Ҳ֪֮л᲻иǿߡ
䡣
һᴩ磬ŷ¡
һ֪˵ˡŷֱ֣ӱһ֮о˸ԶȻһһֱֻ֣ץ˹ȥ
Ǵ飬Żǿ߳ۼףһ˫ɫģɭȻĶŹŷˣ¶һĨЦ
ˣҵȥ·ʲôŷ絭˵Ȼûнǿ߷С
۹Ȼ徹Ȼһ㶼£ҿ˵ɼ𣿡ߵİ鵭˵ɫ
磬ҿǴҪѾˣȻҼ磬һЦ˵
ǿߣֱΪ׳ֵˣΪĴϣʱԳҪ¹ŷ磬
ڻǰλߣҪıԼ״
ŷɫ䣬ֱӳֻ֣غȥ׳ǿ𶯣ҪԷ顣
ǿֻֻ֮Ƭϡ׳о˸ȻһֻƬҲһֿҪõ
ϣϧòŷ絭˵
ʱ׳ֻأҵײ׳˳ɫᣬŹŷ磬ɱȻ
Ȼսﵽ˸޵Уվǿߣ֪ǿߣжֲЦŹŷ硣
ŷ̲סҡͷǴɵơ
ذħҲ̲סһ£ŹֵĿǿһۣû˵ֻ֮Ҳ˸Ǿɵơ
ŷľսͲܹһı׼ȥжϡ
Ҫϻˣն׳˵
ֱӳ֣ͨǻӡȭͷ棬һȭ
ܣҲֻаİתȭܹˣŷЦһХһͬһȭȥ
޺ȭԷ˵ķʽǴʱȴӵпµܡ

ͬʱˣ׳ŷ֮УһĨ𾪣ȻɵĵסԼһȭ
ɱ
ʱҲˡиһѺɫꪣֱ
ŷת罣֣ͬն
һ죬Ļ籬飬˳ȥ
һνֵ֣ȴһ㶼СŷˣǸܵ˹ŷǿʵȫԼˡ
ʵǿҲϣδĶ֣ǺܿϧˣֻһǸﲻ㡣׳Цʮ㡣
Ǹ޵еս࣬ȻŷǸһ㣬ȴˣԻܹŷ磬ɱ
ذħɫڣԼվһ߹սȻҲǹҪɱ˵ĳ嶯
ʱٴε۷壬Ǹʱ򣬿һ˻Ц
ұ˶ࣿŷɫŹ֡
ˣԹŷ绹ǲ̫˽⣬Ļǿ϶˵Ļġ
һ塣ŷЦֱʩչһ塣߳ͷųǿϢ
׳ɫˣ֪ãܹܵŷ绯ķʵȫı塣
Ȼһ㣬е㲻˼飬ȴ֪Լ뿪ˣĻΣˡ
ߡ
ǷǳϣֱҪ뿪
߲ġŷЦһһסˣضǵȥ·
׳ˣȫɫȥ·ϵˣֻһս뵽ŷ֮к˸
ƴˡǴŷɱ˹ȥ


2041 ץ
˶һ·Ѫսɾ͵ǿߣʱɱŷĻԼ¾Ҫ
ԣǲҪɵŷ硣ƴһҲһ·ӱܣɡ
ŷ֮˸ͱһ𣬼սǿߡ
Ǹ޵еǿߣȻŷռƣҪɱԷҲסһսһһҹգŷȾѪ˺üΣŽɱ
һץסһЩȻֱذħӴܡ
һȺǿ֣߳һ죬ɫᣬǻħ֮еǿߡһֱŷߵķ򣬴󺰵׷
ǻǿߣʱ׷ɱŷ硣
ǶԹŷźܴĳޣΪŷɱе콿δϣСǳɳһ޵Уȴŷɱˣڻ˵һ޴ʧ
һȺǿߣγһΧȦնסһӰ
˺Ȼǹŷ磬ֻǴʱذħȴûߡ
ŷ磬־ܰɣһһ߳ɫᣬ޵ĶŹŷ硣
С游ΰΪƽʱΪ谮С֪ѶʱֱҪŷ˺Ƭ
ұɵ𣿡ŷЩ
ߣŷ磬ǲ־ܵĻֻ·һ֪ǻĴ󲿷ǿߣ޵У㲻ǵĶ֡ΰ˵
ɱ˹ŷ磬ȴףʱɱŷ磬ΪҪ׽ŷ磬ǻɱ˹ŷ磬Ҳܵͷȴûκν
ԣҪ׽ġ
ǾսһԡŷһЦ׵ĳ֣һָһǿը飬Ҳ쾳Ĵڣƽܳȴû뵽ŷɱ
쵰ɱΰŭ
һȻ츳СȴԽһĳԱڻСһܳˡ
ǴʱֱŷɵˣΰڱˡʱҲܻ뷨ˣֻҪɵŷ硣
һȺȫ֣ɱŷ硣
սŷ֣նɱһԼĻǿߡȻ쾳۷壬ڹŷУסһС
ΰǵɫڱˣŷʵǵǿƵľǱҪһЩˣһ¹ŷʵȻźû׽ŷ硣ʱвͨˡĻǵʧ̫ˡ
˶һۣͬʱ֡
ͬʱǿȫˣÿһƬյء
䡣
ŷ缤սǿߣ˾Ե·磬ֻһ˲䣬ܵشѪһ㱻򱬡
Ҳ֣һֶϻ꣬ǿߣһˡ
֣罣ɱһǿŷ绹ٳ֣ȴΰһǿ߻У˳ȥ
̱ڻ֮Уûˡ
Է̫ˣŷһ˵סôǿߣýȥȫϵˡ
ΰҲ¶𾪵ɫǸܵŷֿµսѰĸ޵Уͬǿߣܹķ»ڵһʱ䱻򱬡ǹŷ磬ȴԻˣһ䣬뺷սʹˣҲˡ
ŷδ޵еľ磬֮󣬻ﵽôµս󣬵ΰǾãǸʱ۵ʵ벻ǵĻ
ǶһۣԷе𺳡
ץΰ˵
˽ŷȻߡ
ŷ类ץˣ֮еĻħЩɻ󣬵ȴо⡣ȻٵǸŷҲֻһ˶ѣӴһĻͲǶ֡
ҲһЩħźҪץŷȥ빦ء
ϧˣǹŷ粻ץסöáһħź˵
ѵҪŷ練һʵ
ǣҪץŷȥǸħ˵һϧӡ
ҿȥİɣû˵޵һ֣һ㱻ŷɱΪŷʵ˵ȥ˹ֻбɱķݡǸѳ
ħЩ˼ɫͨ죬Լе̫ˣ쾳Ϊŷһë˲ˡ
ߣ˭֪أֻд֪ȻӲ
ΧĻħȫ˭һѼӲ
֮Уֻ⣬˶̸ۡ
źУҲֻģ²ؼ߸߹һ㿴Щħ񣬺ͷʵûֻ̫ʵȷǿѡ
ʱŷ˻ڵĹ֮СѪǴʱȴվıֱǿߵע֮£һɫûС
ǻŷ綢ϵǸӰ


2042 ս
Ǳڣȴ˾˵ϡ
ҲôУȻͳһ֮һĻǿߣֱе㲻šŷҡͷһ̾ӡ
ŷĻĻħȫ̲סɫ䣬ŭȵ󵨣ȻҺ˵
Ͻ£ΰŷ֮г˺⡣
һȺ޵еǿߺǳ⣬ɱŷֹǹŷȴһνӣһ㶼ܲЩɱһ
ˣҪ˵ˡ˵
˻һЩǿȫ죬ȻŭŹŷ磬ȴ˵
ŷ磬ҲǺͣһƭ壬ֻǲ֪ץסҪʲôءʵ
˻һΰɫ䣬ǷѾֶץˣȻֻһǼֱҪȥ
ĽЩˣʱȴ̲סĿɿڴ͵Цû뵽徹Ȼץһ
Ҳ˴Źŷ磬̲סҡͷǻ˵ǸͲһֱڣǶδܵԡ
һ壬û뵽ȻزȻˡڣ˵һ֡
ӡǶһǳ˽һ
㵽ʲôˣŷüͷһ壬ܵһŹ֣ԷеһЩǳ˽⣬ⲻ
ΪֻһͨԷӦ֪Ŷԡ
Ȼŷ罫һݻʩչ죬֮Уд̡ǺȻδ֮С
һˣԡ˵ǽˣǹŷһָо鲻ǻ˵ô򵥡
û˵ֻǶŻȻ֣һս
󵨣㾹Ȼս¡ΰǳ⡣
ƾôǱµĶ֣׷һսһվ˳Źŷ磬ɱȻ
峤Լе޵бŷɵˣֱŷˣ׷Ҫ֣ŷɱѩޡ
Ը³֣ɱͽһ޵еǿն˳
һǿվȫɫᶨ
ŷһĨмЦݣЩһΪأʱŷ絹ϣӦˣĻͿԳûɵǿߡ
¡ڣЩ˶ʱһ仰˵ˣȫ¡
ùŷ羪ȣȷʵܿ£ֻ˵һ仰Щ˱Ǳһȫȥ
һս˵֮վɣ˵˼㡣
ԱԽ㻹ǽŷһЦ
Եúܲ⣬ڻȱ㹻ء
ǻȴˣһһߵŷǰͬʱϵˡ
ְɡڣֶ¡
ŷһ֪Էʵǿ󣬾ԳԽⲢǹŷɡҪԳʵ״ﵽʲôΣԺԵʱ򣬺һ׼
ҾͲˡŷ翪ڣҲ֪ʲô
ܹᣬɵһ¡
ԣŷˣ罣ɨִĽᴩ磬ȥ
˾̫ˣ޷ȥ
ҲûҪȥƽվڹŷֵͬʱһֻ˳ȥ
䡣
ӿִĽ飬ŷ类ֱķɳȥ罣ԱˣŷȾѪһˡ
¶ɫŷѾĺˣǴʱ֪Լ̫ˣ͹˻ʵԽǿߡ
ŷɫЦһЩ˵ǲǺ⣿
û뵽ʵȻǿزŷʵشվת޸Լơ
ǷһԸգΪûбԴ
ԹŷҪսͲܱȫ
ʵҲ⣬쾳ӵ޵еսϧʱ̫ˣȻĻ㽫ҵһСЦ˵ͣȴȫ̲סһ
ǽŷ˺ԼһΣ΢е㲻һǣŷڻ޷ǻȴ϶Ľ
˵ˣͬһ磬ɱһֻϡŷɫŻ
̫Դˡȴֻ˵
ŷҡͷĿ⾼ŻԴһʵ֪Դ˭ˡ
ɫ䡣
ɱһеô׵ģһЩۣƾҲɱңŷǿƵ˵


2043 δε
նɱⲣ֪ΰ£
ĻǿҲ£֣ɱŷ
ĵĹӵǲ١ŷǺЦɫ֮Щ̡
ŷĻɫ䣬Щǿߣȴ¶ŭɫȻŷ˵һʵҲϣ˵ɹӡ
û˵ֻŷ߹ȥҪɱŷ硣
ŷɫأŻ˫ֽӡ
¾ħʬ׵䣬ŷǰɱ
һֻĳȥ¾ײһֱӱ¾̫ǿˣԹŷĹԵ÷ǳɡ
ֻءŷȣֻء
תܣ¡
һֱӱ棬վ˹ŷǰһֻᰴ춯أǱУŷ
ʱ򣬻ȴ¶ȵɫ
ǰĹŷʧһ̣ŷ
һȭ˻ϣֱӱ˳ȥûǿȫ̲סŷӦòǻĶ֣ᱻݿࡣȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼܹ˵
¡ȺǿߴȻŷΧ£˹Ҫһ֣ŷںͻֵļһɱ
ŷɫмɨЩˣ֮еıģɼ
Χ˾һѣ˲˱塣
ס֡˵ǰ
Щǿס֣վɫƵĶŹŷ磬˵ȷʵЩ⣬۵˺˿ռ䣬ҵδ˲ҵ󣬵ҲֻܹһΡ
֪ŷЦ
ƿʱ֮ǳԸղǿ߶ԿˡǹŷҲǿߣԿһҲͰˣԲԿڶΡ
ҲûдͬļΣȡ衣
ʵײˡŷϱս⣬Żúһսɡ
ŷϣʥ죬ȫǽɫģһϣ˲ֱӡ
Ҳһ壬ɣݣͬʱ˳ȥҲɱ
䡣
ȭͷײһ𣬹ŷĵˣйâ֡
֮ʵǳԣŷʩչȫҲֻǿסĹżץסһᣬ֣ҲܶԻκв
ʵĺܲ̾
ŷ絲סһһֻ쵶һնȥЦ˵˵ԼҲ
ʱգңҲ뿪ġ˵סŷֵ˳ȥ
ħ򡣡
һһ棬˹ŷ硣
һ棬ûȫͣиַݺᣬ˿µѹ
͹ŷȫվħ֮Сŷ翴һܣ̲ס˵úݵģ㾹Ȼһûг͵档
ò˵ֶ̫ˣδε棬ͬ飬ǻδε棬鶼ȥҲʧȥΪķ
ǣһ棬ȴ챦Ҫӵһδε棬ƳΪһ޵еǿߣҪͷƤ顣
ģұǻħʲôĲĵġЦ֮дһĨ
ŷ綢ŻͻȻڣ㲻ǻħ񡣡
ЦȻֹŹŷ磬ʵ֪ʲô
֪²⣬ǲҿ϶ֻһָо㲻ǻħ񡣡ŷ綢ŻΪ϶˵
Щ̲̾ס˵ȻΪ֮ӣȻȻܹµһ㣬ֻǿǲµҲܲµ˭
̫ϡŷͻȻһ
һȻʵ̫˭
ŷû˵üͷ²̫ϣڿ̫̫ϡ
Ȼûпɫı̫ƽˣȫһ㶼ûݱ𴩵ĸоң̫ϲһǣܷḻԲ̫̫飬ʲôûС
ǲ²ԺһժԴúÿ˭ŷ˵꣬˵֮ϣֱʩչѡ
ǿµһҲ֣δεһ£޴ķ֮ŷѹ¡
ͬʱŷҲѡ
Ҳųһǰ
ûõģ棬ҲһܹҴ˺ҵķҵأǾԵף˭Ҳ˺ҡ


2044 ɱ
һ򣬵ڹŷǰ档ֱŷͨľҲδ򵽻
ŷͫ΢ⳬ
˵һƬ֮УҾǾԵףԽҪ˵ңͲܡЦ
һֻĳŷҪ㿪ȴָͶ㲻
ڤڤ֮еĹ˹ŷ磬

ŷ类˳ȥԶһը
Ҫɱ㣬׾٣֪ԼжôСˡЦ֮г˲мˡ
ŷû˵˼ķʲôԵףŷšһ޷ƿһ棬οʿ
ʲôҪƵ𣿾ƾ㻹Ц
ţӵоԵİҡ
ûʲôǾԵģҪȻܹŷɫ䣬վȻֻظֱ֣ӽŷС
ֻضסҿ㻹ôù֮ҡŷЦ
İ취ֻ֮֮ϣʩչֻأǻԳ֣򻰣Ĺ޷ֻصػġ
ߡ
֮ŷƹȥ
ǣЩ֮֮ײЩֱ֮ƿͲֻײ
Ĺ֮Чְɡŷ綢Ż
ɫÿŷ뵽˰취Ĺ֮Ļã㼸ԺԲˡ
ֱӽ˳ڴ֮ϡ
ŷ绹δɱʱ˶̲סɴ۾һʵѵôǿ𣿾Ȼͻڡ
ڣǸýʱˡڣŷɱȥ
սһսûκμɣȫͨײգŷķնɱǻҲһ첲ŷ˺ڵϣǳҪ֮֫塣
ұն㡣ŷɱ֮ǰȴЦ
ֳĻǿߣȫɫѿŷʵ̫ˡ
ŷ磬һҪڻ֮С˵ɫ֮г⡣
ǡ
µȺȫʼѰҹŷ硣
ʱŷذħֻƬ֮Уŷ罫ԴذħǹŷɱĻħ񣬴ǵڳĶ
ʱȫذħáֻƬҲ±˷֡
֮ذħ۾Ϣ仯ŷܹܵʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ쾳۷ˡ
ذħĴڣһ쾳۷壬ֱӳΪһ޵С
һ㣬Ҫ޵Сذħ˵
ŷͷЦ˵û⣬ܼ򵥡
Ҳ͹ŷ˵Ļˣɲ˵֡ǿߣҪɱһ޵УҪ׼߳䲻⣬пܳɹȻĻȻһͨĸ޵УҪߣ׷ϡ
ǹŷȴһսҲۡӵһ壬ȴ൱޵еǿ߳֡
ݣһĸ޵Уĺӵ
лذħЩм
ŷҡͷЦ˵˵⻰û˼ˣҪˣǲѣ׼ء
ذħŷһ˵ʱҲЦ˳
û̳ȥŷ紫ذħ仯֮ذħʵ򣬲úħһ뿪
ʱ򣬹ŷͨӴĻħҲ֪һϢԼ
¶һĨЦĿԼȻµѰԼ
ʲôˣôһָоǶǳ˽һءذħ˵Լɻ
Ҳڲ²ݣΪ̫ϣҷһս֪Բ̫ϣǳ̫֮⣬֮УʲôǵжԵϼһأŷüͷɫ֮д̫ɻ
ذħҡͷҲû뵽
ʵ˲֮࣬УŻʵģֻôļˡ
һЩڣһЩһˣǻ
ǿ϶ǺһЩԲŲ²ݡŷɫص˵
ȲЩˣ֮кΣգֻҪʱˣʵ˵ذħҡͷ˵
ݣƾղ²⣬϶Ѳµô࣬ȵպȻ֪
Ҳǣ˶ãҽժԴ˭ŷЦ˵֮ɷˡ
˱ҲѰҹŷǣЩҪĻħһǰȴѰ䵥ĸ޵С


2045 
ֻǣһֱûҵᣬΪ֮У̫ˡҪֳ̫Ķһ޵Уһ׵顣
һЩǿݺ֮УЩǿ߶벻ŷذħˣǵߡ
䡣
ĿĵεǰȴһɿµĲ
ʲô飿ǿ̲ס
죬Ǹطֳˣ컯磬˵̺޾ĻԵܹõĻԳ硣лħ񼤶˵
Ǹط찡Ͽȥ
ħǣܼǹŷˣȴЩ⣬ʲô컯磬ǲ֪ʲô
ʵϣֻйŷ㯣ҲһɫãȻ֪컯絽ʲô
ŷһץһɫ˷ܵˣѯʡ
Ǹħ񣬱Ҫŭǵܵŷǿµʵ֮ʱһ£Ȼ¶һЦ
֪λʲôԸСʵˣһˬԼɵˡ
飬ڻ֮Уϡ档
ħԸһ˿бƽ͵٣һԲϣͻɱˡǿߵʱ򣬶ǳСģһ
컯ʲôŷѯʡ
һؾиǿķдУֻҪõУп̤޵еľ硣Ǹħ񿪿ڣΪŷ͡
컯Ǻŷʡ
ǸħҡͷһãȻ˵ֻ֪֪޾֮ǰ֣һֱڣʲôģûȥܣҲû֪
߰ɡ
ŷ罫ǸħſذħһۣԷ룬컯ؾһˡ
ȺУͻǹŷһֱķؾǰ棬ͷףһͷ³Ǻܺá
ŷȻи޵еսȴܹһС
컯˵ν컯磬ǲ컯ģذħͻȻʵ
ذħĻŷҡͷüͷ˵֪ҲֻһѣϾ컯첻ǻˣҲֻһѡ
ذħͷȻɻ
˸һɺ嫵Ĳ컯ǵǰ
еһ磬ֻͨ󷨣ָĻһط濴Ǻܴһϵһ㣬˶֪п϶Ǭ
Ϊβȥŷɻ
ŷ⣬ߵһħ񿪿ڣ͵δȫ˭ҲȥңҪ룬ҲȽȥѾס˽ڣֻлһȽ֮ǲܹȥ
ħȫεģһûУɫսףɫ֮¶Ĳ
Ȼ߻Թ
ŷһеߵ˵Ҳʵ̫Եһɣĵ綼ҵˡ
С˼һǿߵע⣬ǽĿɨ˹ֻɫս׵֮Щǿɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻŲĿ⡣
⵹ùŷЩ⣬ɫս׵ӣӦ൱ûɵޱȣԲһˡ
Ͼ֮УһȫûбҪ̫ڼɵˡ
ɫս׵Ц˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦݣ˵ܲЩ˵ǰ˵ﻰһ컯֮Уң֤¡
ĻŷЩۣҪܾʱɫս׵ͻȻЦһȻѾˣɣڰ͵͵˼𣿡
ŷһѾûиоʱŷɫս׵ӵˣԷΪԼ֮ϡ
䣬ʵֽˡ͵֣һɿµϣסˡ
䣬ħǾ֮УһĨη
Ҳû˲ǰҲĶ֣ڣҪң²ˡɫмŻ֮УһĨɷ
ԣùŷ羪ȵǣȻδ֣Ƕ԰ǳɵһ
䣬ô㻹ûгʹӣȻ޵еľ綼ûдﵽҪҪ£Ц
ܺԼˣ˵һ죬ҲˬˣɱĴ֮ϣֱӽءЦ˵
룬ȴûʵ
ԣͣû̼Էȴû˶֡
Щ׷ߣҲһ仰˵֮Уһɾη
¸ĺˡ


2046 ʦֵ
ŷӾˣǿ˫ĻȻһһֱִûг֣̫ˡ
䣬ʲôݣȻƣԿ
ӣȻҲֻǴǹལֵͷûС
ˣúϻˣ컯罫Ҫˣҵ֪еʲô䵭˵
Ҫȥ
ŷذħԥ֪Լòø
ڴʱתŷ˺ǻߣ
ŷذħһۣԷеľǸڰŻ߹ȥ
ŻȥȴʲôûСЩʿҲһ߽ȥʲôӦûС
һֱˣ컯֮Уȥ
һ컯磬ӳһ⣬סŷˣ˲뿪ԭء
ǳңԶĵؽһɽ棬ŷŰ䣬üͷҪ֪ݡ
ŷ磬ǺôĵӣߣǱǵݣǾͱص֮ˡͻȻ˵ŷһ䣬Ȼ֪ǵݡ
㵽˭ŷ̲ס̲סʵ
һĻҲڻʦ֡˵Լݡ
ŷ𾪣֮ǰ˵ģǾȻһ㶼֪
ذħĴڣ㹻ԶвȡԵЩǿߣǲ֪˶µϹŶʱʱȻҲǺܳԾû뵽Ȼһڡ
ڿͻȻֵģبűеģֻǲ˽ѡ
ʦܣҴģȴû뵽ҵλãʵǲ֣Ҳ㽫λøģõıشҵӡк˸
Ϊʲô𣿡ذħʵ
ذħһۣһǰ׳յ
ҲµĲĻ㲻ǻĶ֡ŷ룬ſ˵
Ŀ˹ŷһۣͷȷʵҲǻĶ֣ȻŬ£ֱڣҲȻ򲻹
˵Щġ
ҲԶ˲ҵķͻ֣ʵǿ˶٣֣ɱ⡣ŷо˸Ц˵
ȴһЦҡҡͷŹֵĶŹŷ磬Ȼ˵ѵܹȷսʱõľǱ塣
˻һŷһ¶˼ɫ
ѻ뵽̫򵥣ֻʵеֶɱڳǰĻһѡЦ
һ壬ķʵԶԶСڱ塣ȻʵҲȻնɱŷķ
ıʵǾԴﵽһֲĵز
ѵˣŷͻȻ뵽һֿܡ
ҡͷ˵ûгѣԻΪˣǳѵĻѾɨû˵һЩ
ҪѣǰѻһεĴڡ
ŷһЦǲҪ̫ɣʹûгѣҲˣǼһʵеҪǿ̫ˡ
һߵǸεˣҲһԶˡϱߵĶҪԶֲǿͬ䣬ҲȥΪԷ̫ǿˣǿð䶼ҳ֡
ˣ˵Щˣһһǻ̤һˣҲòǲˡŷѵ˵
Щ⣬û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˿Ŀ
˵ͷ˵֮У֮ڣԶԶеҪӣȻˣҲ˿ѹ
ŷһ𣬹Ȼһ֮Уʵ̫ˣ˽ĶǺܶ࣬дȥ֣ȥ֪̽
⣬ŷɨһܣһƬûµĴ½֮⣬ʲôûˡ
컯磬ʲôطŷ̲סʵ
ҡͷȻ˵Ȼ֪ʲôһɣһйϵ
ʲôŷذħһ
컯죬һ˵ǿߣпµġɫࡣ
ŷ¶Ȼɫ̲ס˵ֲҾϢеϤ϶컯֮У컯µһܵأϢͬ
õ컯Уоһ
ŷͷȻֱӵһ⣬Ժ֮С
͸ǾȣȵһᣬͻȻ¶һɥɫ
Ƶķ֣ν컯ĴУȻһ㶼͸
Ҳһ˺ܶ콿ǿ͸ŷҡͷЩơ
վǳѵǿߣǾǲһҲֻʲôԵ֮£ܹ͸ɡ䲻ִţŷѹ֮УһĨ⡣


2047 ƭ
Ͼŷԥõ컯дݸڰ˵һַǳ޴Ρһ㣬㹻佫ŷ統õˡ
ⳬǿߵĵǺܲһ㡣ŷҡͷ̲ס̾
ǿߣ޷͸ֱе㲻˼飬Լȡģŷ磬¶ỳɣ⵽һЩķţ컯촫ˡ
ѱϾǳѣһˣҼܳߣô꣬ҲȻûгѣҪѣûô׵ġ̾
ȲЩˣﵽʲôôͻŷ̲סʵ
ף컯֮У϶ʲô˲Ķ˲컯һʱ俪ʱ򣬱˹
Ҫ֪԰ͻʵˣ䣬ĶõĶѾˡ
Ҳֻ֪һָоĳֻԵǵõҲҾܹܻҲ˵ɫЩ
ŷüͷǾãûеô򵥡
컯ڻ֮µĶ˵Ϊ˰һŷ綼šϣûмʥˡʯ壬һȻųʥˣͬ˽ģֻԶԣҪһǿ
ǵΪӦúҵõĶ߰ɣԵҪˡ䵭˵
һ֣ʧ
ȵǳֵʱѾһƬ֮СǰһЩͷſϢڲͣ趯һЩǿǰȥ׽ҪõЩ
Щǳǿ󣬾ŷ磬ĶЩĶˡ
Щ㲻ʲôʵòϣǲҪЩ䵭˵
ŷͷҪԼáʵϣһ罣Ѿ㹻Ʋ࣬пµĹԡ
ǼǰУÿһطܹǿ
ŷذħò֮̾Уħʵ̫ˣǿƣ쾳ĴڣǶ಻ʤ
νĻ͵ֻһЦܺƣҪĻᱻһʱ
վסһȺ˵˹ŷǵǰ档
Ҫʲô䵭ʵɫЩ䡣
ǰһȺˣͷǿߣһ쾳۷壬Ц˵ǵõıﶼ
ԭٵˣŷǿЦãЩҲ̫û˰ɣȻǶҴ٣һ㶼Ҫˡ
׳ա
ŷ翪ڣһ䡣
ʱԷͷǸ쾳۷۾˵СȻҡһֵָֻͷƣһ£ˡ
̶ֳȵˣڻħ֮УҲǿˣֻҪҪȥһЩ޵У¡ֻܿϧǣǵģǱһ޵жҪµˡ
ŷֱӳ֣ͬһֱʥ⾪춯أŻǸָͷײ
ۡ
Ǹħָͷը飬ɫȻֿ˹ŷһۣתӡ
ֻһν֣ףԼԶԶǰ˵Ķ֣һ޵еǿߣֻǺԼΪѡ
ߵ𣿡俪ڣκζǸ쾳۷Ļħ񣬱˻
㵸ͣȴûһôڰǰͬһ㡣
ôܣǸ쾳۷循ʵȻ޵УҲô׵ıܹлЩ˵ʲôˣô˿¡
ħԼߵ塣
ġ
ȴûˣˣв֪жʿŹǲܵġ
һģħը飬Щ£ȫɢҪ
ŷЦһһն˷
Щħȫը飬
ȻɱЩˣǹŷȴһ㶼ɣоһ˵Ĵڣùŷˡ
Ѿ˺ܳʱˣ亰Ҳܵ˻Ĵڡ
䣬׷ߣ˭֣ڽ֮УݣǹŷȴԸоԷڿԼ
ûйϵ䵭˵֮У˲м
˵ֱһŷǰһֻŷ˹ȥ
ŷһҵХһȣŽ⣬Ӳһ
һ̣ŷ絹˳ȥ쳤ХŭˣֱӻһɸߵħԳ
ףȻǻħԳһˣϴˡ
ŷ֪Լƭ˶ԷҵħԳֺգмצץ˹ȥ
ñҵСӡЩġ
ûٳ֣ǶһȻԶȥ


2048 ʯ
뿪ŷȫһ
ȻͻԣҲͻϡ
ϻ£ܶǰԻҲܹȥΧ䣬Ļĺ
ǣһֹŷͰһǾͲһˣԻԸ񣬾Ի֣˭ߡ
ڹŷƭ뿪˵һ¡
þı仯֪֮ݣҶƭȥˡ̲ס̾
֮ǰô֪ǵݵģŷЩɻʵ
ٺһЦȻ˵µġ
Ϻףŷɴ۾˵ļٵģѵɵġ
ʵҲȫǲµģӦ֪ÿһʿУһֱֱܵڿ˵ʱһֱΪǱǹŷذħû뵽ȻĲˡЩ˵
ðɣŷ˱ʾǱΪԷʲôͨء
϶ҲͬĸоֻɹƭϾеֱʱһȫǶԵģرǻˣʱ򲢲ֱֻԼ۾顣˵ɫ֮Щ
Ȼڻһ㣬Щм
õˣġŷ˵
ͷʽãǷǳ飬һ㶼֡
ҪȥŷʵΪԼˣһֱǰȴ֪Ŀĵʲôط
ܶ䣬б俴ûпһۣҲûͣ뷨ùŷЩۡ
ܹ͸컯磬ġ˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ʲôŷѯʡ
俴ΧһۣҲǿߣͣǰȥŷ͵һʯÿ컯翪ʱ򣬶еܶǸʯܹʯϵĴҲܹѡ
ôǲ֪ΪʲôŷȴһֹŹֵĸо͵ʱĴԵĴ˵һģһ컯Ҫʲô
Ŀĵأʱںһš
ƽ𱪡ЩԾ
ʲôŷʵ
俴˹ŷһۣ͵ƽ𱪣ǻ֮е֮һ쳣ǿʦڻƽ𱪵ʼеģҲܣʦ֮ǰһĨɱˣû뵽ﾹȻܹһ塣
ΪλţŷЩɻ
ǰһۣ˵ҪģֻսʤػޣܹУսʤģûǸʸġ
Ļذħɫһ֪࣬Լǽȥˡ
ƽ𱪣Ϊ޵УޣҲȻƽҲذħڵʵͲսʤĴڡ
ģҴȥ䵭˵
ذħ¶һĨϲɫֵл
°ɣŷЩġ
Ͼûп˴˽ȥ˵Ҫ˴ȥԲеô򵥵ġ
İɣ˽ȥĻҪ˫ĹҲͷ޵еޣڱ˵Ҳһ£Ƕ˵ȴѡŵ˵
ʵǿ㹻ĵ
ŷһһ֣˵лˡ
лңһһҪءҡҡͷͻȻ¶һĨЦ
ҪԼŷ΢΢һ룬ʲôˡɫַģ˵ƣоԵİܹκãᣬǱȥơ
̫ˣлˡ¶ɫ
ڱ𣬲ִ̫ţԼӵƣȴΪĵ顣ֻҪܹκԼӵƣʲôԡ
ҼȻѣҲҪôˡŷЦ˵
βˣϱУʲôҲǾ֮Ͷѡ
˵ͷɫϲ
ڴʱͻƽ𱪶ˣֻһƽ𱪱㱻ɱһûС
úܶ巢䣬֮У˾ηǻһǿߣʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ƽ𱪣һĶǸ޵еĴڰѪ֮ǿȻһĸ޵жϣҲаʤ
һڣסһ
ǿˡ̲סҡͷ˵
ߣǿҲûãʱɳҵĶ֡ŷЦʮ㡣
ûоùŷڿ쾳ȴŸ޵еսɳͻһ磬ܹѹ
ֻǣ䲻֪ŷʱɳ
Żɱƽ𱪣档
ǿȲĳȥһͷޣ


2049 컯칦
Ǹ޵еĻħ񣬺Ȼǿƣĺ࣬ջǻͷޣŻѪ߽С
Ƚȥ俪ڡһ̤Уذħ
ʱͷµ֣ȫǻ֮еޡ
˺Ȼ˭û뵽侹Ȼһ˽СҪ֪ȻǻԸ顣
ͷһ˾
䡣
սչֳľս
սͷޣڣӹȥǻһ㣬ɳһС
ͷ׺쳣ȻˣҲѹˣǿͷ޵ϣƤ
˫ֽӡתɱ䡣
һͷޱն룬ʧͷޣȻޱȣɱµø޵ж

ŭһһֻĳͷ޺ɳȥһ̣ӷ⣬һλá
һͷޣȴûۼףʱֱӱضϣѪȾս
ʧֻʣͷӴݣƽĳ֣ȴǳԵɱͷޡգδܵһ˺ذħС
ŷ̲ס̾ȻΪĻʵĺܾˣȻ⹫ϱǣҲ˰ɡ
һǿߣȫУ޶Ծ
ǣ˶ܹȥеȽƵĸ޵УȻɱСѪ̵ĴĿġ
ŷһС
սģһͷδȴȿ£ȣùŷͣĵˣѪʩչ˺ǿֶΡ
ŷ绯ħԳսԷ˺ѣѪŷȫһԡѪħɷ졣
ȻħԳһǿߣֲô޵ı֣һܳˣ쾳Կ޵СЩ˿ŷı֣̲סۡ
ȻˣҲ𾪡
Ϊŷ˺ͷȻҲܵشվʤˡˢħԳһļޡ
ŷŲԵУһʯأȫģд洫·һһǿߣȫ
ǰŵǰͻذħʱץһ˷ܵӡ
ŷųصĽŲ߹ȥû˶ǰߵˣǲҵ
ŷڰͬǰȴֻƬųڸϵϢ
ŷ絣ģԼĻй¶ԴϢȻֿԺСǲǲڡ
춯ŹŷһͻȻ֣ŷڴļӳ֮£ȻЩĵ˼
¶ϲɫ컯ĴУԭܵҪһ
컯칦ĸֳڹŷԺ֮С
Ϣȫŷʶû룬ϲ
컯칦˼壬컯һȫ򣬻ֱӳѣﵽһ˼ľ硣ŷõĴУȫֻһֻ֣ƪĵʮ֮һȻˣŷȴȻо쳣
ǣȴȻţһǳõĻᣬһ컯칦ŷʵҲܹڶʱ֮ڣٴһµĸ߶ȡ
Ҳһ˲䣬Ҳꡣŷ֮󣬷˶ڿ
ͷЩǣѵԼϢ¶ˣӣȴûһҪӣֻǶЩŹ֡
ŷ罫Ŀ䣬Ҫ֪ʲô顣
δ˵ȴڣǲʯϵЩ٣ԵЩȲ
ŷһüͷ˵ʲô
λħԳѣͲҪˣղϵϢʯϵϢǳƣ˵ûʯϵĻֱֵġһħ񿪿ڣ飬һͷޣ꣬һ˫ĿŹŷ磬ȡ
ŹŷҲһǷǳȡ
ȻǹŷõʯϵǱ¹ŷ磬ʱѳʲôҲ͸ˡ
ڣ⡣
ŷЦһм˵ʲôϵ
֪Լ˵ûκζЩ˶ţҲٿ
ǺйϵǺǴҶйϵʯģӦýЦ˵
ħԳ֪ʵǿ߻аλһεĻȻ֣Ҳ˵Ķ֡èǿ߿ڣɫᣬв
ٿǲˮŷ絭˵
ɫǳƽ֮Уȴ˼ᶨɱ⣬ƴĻĿһ㡣


2050
Ҫʯ٣ûеô򵥰ɡڣ֮дһĨ
˻һЦ˵Ҫһս𣿰㡣
ŷӿؼΧԣֻҪ֣䲻ӡ
ʵϣȻ֣Ҳӣ̫ˣһǸеĸ֣ŷʵʹǿҲܵסġ
˭ҳֹҶȻ׷ɱ磬ʹߵҲҪǸˣɱʲôʣ¡˵
˻һܶһ
һָоԼҪôĻҲ϶ֵġ
Բһ飬ǶһۣԷеء˭ҲλĻĻʵҲ
ôĿڣ֮У͸һ⡣
ţԡЦ
ͻԣɱȻ໥ӣͬκһ໥ײȻڳĸ޵еǿߣܵһѹ
̫ǿˣǹŷȴ֪⻹ǻܣĺֲܿ
עܹѹһУɨһеУҲǵֻгѺܹѹơ
䣬ҪΪ𣿡˵
û˵Ӷڻϣ쳣ļᶨ
һŭɱ죬ѹˣڳȫȻ䣬Ҳɫأȴһû˿
˼ԣһս
õʲô˶˺ܾãͻȻŷ硣
ŷԥһ£ݻ˶¶ɫ˵֪ΪʲôڵĵһִٽãһЩУ˵õеʲôȷʵûС
ǻ𣿡һ
̫ˣҳȥһ塣䶢Ż꣬˵
˻һʧһսһıŵˡĻķݵĻһ壬˵Ц
ҲŭˣЩ޴롣
ǣЩ˲˵ˣһŭ䣬ǸˣȺ鷳
ЩĶŰ䣬֪ʵһǳˣղ˵͸ɱ⣬ȴһ㶼ûĳɷ֣ɱġ
ŷһۣɫ֮Щɻ鵽˭Ϊΰά
ҵõֻЩǲŵĻҲûа취ŷĮ˵
û˵ѣʵõĶҲֻЩԣʹôǰ˶òϣŷ˵滰
ĸ޵ȫüͷѵˡʵǰͷħԳûеõʲô
ȻҲûпܵ顣ϾôΣûеõ̫ĺôǲһͷħԳѣô׵ĵõеܡ
뵽һ㣬ܶħŷǵ۹⣬ٳѹԣ˲١
һĻŷ̲סһ
߰ɡ˵ȻҲѾ˹ŷǵĻ
ĻһȻͻг𣬵ǲڱ㷢ͻ
һкŷǣҪ뿪
ڴʱͻȻ֣һֻֻ쵶ŷ¡
𡣡
һͷԳԻһȭݺݵĴ˳ȥ
ȭཻԳ˳ȥȴδˣӦøղ㹻׼ŷЦ͵Ϯһ֣Ǻף͵Ϯ
ŷ绯ıԳأʩչأƬ֮Сſһ££ǵأû
һֿµľ󣬻ããͬ嫺һ㣬ȫ·ȥ
΢΢ЩԾܹܵͷħԳǿˣľ磬˲٣սҲˡ
䡣
ֱ֣ӽضϻ硣Ȼһֻĳڹŷϣֱķɳȥ
ŷѪȴ˿壬ȻҪչ
ˡŭ
˻һֹס˹ŷȻŭҲɵʱˣȻҲɵȥ
Ҫս㣬ûбҪһֱ˳֡䶢ŻɫĮĻ˵ˣֻڻһ飬ڲûˡ˵֮һ̤Ȼֱ뿪
ŷ΢΢һɣվƭһΡ
ҲһɨһЩ޵еˣȻһסŷ磬˴ʧ
Щ޵еĻħ񣬶һۣԷеΣ֣ǿɲǰ䡣


2051 ֮
ɨЩħһۣһҲת뿪
ָƽʯĴ꣬컯Ҳͽˡ
ٶȺܿ죬ʧڻȴûз֣뿪ĵطǵıӰɫ֮дһĨ⡣
Ϊβ֣Ǹˣǹŷ硣ΰڻߣŹŷ뿪ıӰɫ֮дһĨ⡣
ΰһۣ˵ô£ֲҡ
ΰϽɫЩ֣̿˵ԲҴˡ
ߡ
ת뿪û׷ΰð
һԴϵ亹ΰһϣʵ̫£վߣһľĸо
ѾĹŷ磬ͻȻڣһָоѾҵˡ
ͷɫЩӵĵͷ
ΪʲôҪ뿪ذħЩ⡣
Ҫ֪ԻҰģ֪ŷݣӦòŶԡŷϣŻֻƬҲбĶ۴һ濴Ӧ÷Źŷ뿪ġ
о˰ɣذħ̲ס˵ԼҲҡͷ
ûʮİգô˵ŷЦ
˶Ŀ˰䣬ף϶֪ԭ
Ӧ֪ݣδ֣Ϊҵԭ򡣡Щ˵
ΣҪȥķˣδ֣ŷһ뵽Ͱ֮һЩ飬̲ס˵
ͷ϶˹ŷ˵
ʵ֮ǰһܲˣ֮ĹϵҲǲϧȨҰģߵ˶档̾Ϣ
ĳͻ֮䣬֮ǰĹϵӦúܺãԴʱô̾
ŷͷ׿ᣬ֮£ǼЩۣȷʵҪõĶˡ٣һиˡ
ˣ˵ЩˣǰȻٺãվߵ˶档ЦЦ׿һС
һλˮʵûʲôоǶԷǷġ
һ֣ˣֱӽ˹֮С
ĻŽأƣƻã˼㡣ŷ磬̲ס̾ﱻ̫Ưˣ
ΪѩרŴһϣһۣܹһСЩϵ˵
Ȼȴ꣬飬Ȼ
İɣɩһܹѹġŷڱ֤˵
˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦݣЦ˵ҽŵģ϶ܹκá
ŷͷɫɣʵﵽ磬Ѿûʲôõĵˣ֮䣬ʲô˲ܹס
ԣŷͲǺ⡣
ӣһʯ棬ʯ棬ɢһ侫Ԫû֮УԪ
ŷ翴ӵʱ˵ͷȻӵġ
һ˿Ԫ񣬼𡣼ʹ԰ֶΣҲܽȻûʵһ˿Ԫ̫ڴˣ΢֮£ܷɻ
Ҳֻйŷҽ֣ܹھԪ
ȻҲȫûзգ٣˹ŷ֮⣬ˣδա㲻ͬɾҲͬϹŷڵΪֻһҪ쾳۷ˣҽٴһΡ
İɣܼ򵥵顣ŷ˵
ģ۾һ
޲ߣڹŷУȻֻǼ򵥣ʵǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ȷʵܼ򵥣ҪɩӾȻ֮͡ŷ˵꣬ˣץǵԪ壬ֱӳڹŷС
һ̣ŷԼָһνɫѪ˳ûԪ֮С
ɫѪԵǴʱȴºޱȣӵԪ
ǹŷڵѪںҽ֮ǸԪ񡣺ܿ죬ǵԪ񣬳ӯ
ѩ伤غ
ǸԪŻʱ˹ŷƣȻֱûԼ֮Сһ̣Ǹ˫ֽӡһ֮УӵڿٵĻָ
ǼǿߣڣȻڣָʵֻҪ̵ܶʱѡ
ŷðʱòҪŵıȽϺá
ŷƣȻҲʶˣ˵ͷ˵
ûѩ壬Ϣǿʢմﵽһµĵزùŷ綼̲סԾѩʵȫڰ䡣޶ˣȫǿҪ
Ҳѹ֣ĻлӣʵСǲءֱ֣ġ


2052 ѩ
գЩȫѩ˹
ѩˡ伤һѽѩ§סˣ۾ˣһǿߣı飬ɴ˿ɼ֮ĸ飬Ƕô
ѩЩãȻĿ˰һۣŷӦһѱס䣬ʲôû˵Ѿˡ
ŷذħһۣ˳ȥ
ˣ׼ңûй̹ĵŮˣŷЩذħʵ
˹ŷһۣذħЦ㵽п̹ĵŮˡ
ŷ类ҭһ£һ˵ôôǺˣ΢һʲôġ
ˣ˵ЩˣˣҸоʵͻˣŷ綢ذħЩڴʵ
ţ쾳۷壬ս޵Уеһȵٵٸ޵еʱ򣬱ǰǿܶࡣ˵ذħЩ
Щˣߵ޵֮󣬻ҪǾ̫ˣһ·ϣΪͻƣذħ֪˶ŬѪرȻˡ
̫ˣ磬ֶһ֡ŷ̲סЦ˵
ڵʵʵ̫ˣŲס棬⿿ŷǣûõģ̫ˡһ޵УǺеĴ¡
ذħ΢΢ͷ޵еս֮Ҳſ˲٣ֱѹƵĸоڳʧˡ
ֶΣȻδߵһ۷壬Ѿսʤܶ޵ˡ
дһôŷѯʡ
ذħ˹ŷһۣᶨҡͷ
ŷȻΪذħ϶ءϾɾ˸޵еս϶Ҫ֣õѡ
ǣû뵽ǣذħûд뷨
ֲɵӣʵ֮ϣСӵֶ̫ǿˣһս϶ҪԿһԿ飬ҲŲءذħȻ˵
ĻŷЩ
ôʾĻذħȻ˵ĳֵ̫ķˡ
϶ãҺܶӣʵҪǺһսȻˣʹһ٣ǲĶأֲɵذħٺٵ˵
ŷ磺
ҪذħֵĴ㣬ǳ׵ıˡŷ컯ĴУΪһЩֶΣҪһ㹻ǿĶʵ飬ֻǺܿϧذħϵ
ģã˳֡ѩ˲УͯŮĲˡ
ŷ磬лˡ买֣ŷл
ūллŵѡѩ΢΢һһ񣬽ŷһϽֵɩӣʹãְҺܶ࣬ҾҲӦõģǧҪ˵ʲôлл
ŷĻЦ˳̲ס˵˵Ҳǣ˵лле̫ˣ룬Ǻоļ𡣡
оģŷذħ۾ʱˡǸϽͷֺöܹ
ó̳ӣֱӵݸ˹ŷˡ
Ǹ֣оһɼصķ̲סզ࣬еľˮ±һƬҲ˿١
̳ӣһƢζŵ㣬Ҫˡ
þơŷ̲ס̾һǺþƣʦƳĺƣҪǿ˳ǧ򱶡̺ԣǺܹȵġ
˵̳֮еһξƣͳһ顣
һ̳ȫܹͳһۻ߻ߣȻǰܹǵʹС
ȻǺþƣͺһʹ죬ǡЦ쳣ˬ
ŷذħҲ飬ֱӱ̳ӺǺþƣǵΪʵ̫ˣȻһ̳¶ǣҲֻ΢΢һЩ⡣
̺ȴò˿ʼе˳ȥ
ôܹ𣿡ѩŰ䣬ҧԼĴʵ
뵽ͺԼߵļãȫɱǶΪ˻סԼģĻʵǿӳȥġ
ԣѩҪ
ȡ̾һ˵
ѩ¶ɻɫȣǵʣǵȥºͻ֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽġ
ǵȹŷͻվһսǸʱ򣬱Ǳʱˡ¶һĨЦ
˵ôѩЩš
ֱ޵ˣŷȻ츳ǽҲǻĶ֡
Уڲ쾳ܹնɱ޵еǿߣҹŷ֮Уż޵еѪǱʵᳬġ
ѩͷЩ̾Ϣ˵ϣ˰ɡ


2053 սѩ
ѩѩŹŷҽȴ̫Źŷս
һʱǿ󣬺ͻ޷ȡѩЩ޷ԼɷλὫϣһ˵ϡ
ܿ죬ŷ̲ס̾þơ
ѩ¶ȵɫ뷨ŷһ̳ӾƣҪȫҪܳʱ䣬ôе㳬ѩ
ŷΪȴû̫Ľչֻ΢һ㣬Щʧ
ô޾ɣ̺ŴŷȫӦý쾳۷Ŷԡ
ڣ쾳۷壬һξ룬ȻѾӽˡ
ŷʲôˣһ۱㿴ѩ뷨¶һĨЦݣ˵ɩӣ͹˹ŷ硣
𣿿ɷһʵѩʵ
ŷ翴˰һۣͷ˵û⡣
ŷкҪӮñ˵أҪ㹻ʵǱΪԼѩҲмԼأȴҪʵ˵
Ͼﲻףߵ硣
ֱӿٳһռ䣬Ϊǵս
ɩȳְɡŷ縺ֶûй
֪ѩʵŷʵҲһߵĳ̶ȡذħ֪ԼǹŷĶ֣ûкӡ֤ѩȴһö֡
ѩüͷһ壬ùŷе̫Ըˡ
ˣҪСƹŷ磬͸ĻЦ˵֪ԼӣǷǳģԹŷʱҲ⣬ԿѣѩһЩ衣
ѩͷȴЩɻ󣬰Ϊʲôôعŷ硣쾳۷壬ǰǸͲעһ۵ġ
лתŷѹ¡
ѩûȫ֣¹ŷܲסԼɱ
ǣԾǣŷվһƳԼϣ˿δ
ɩӲ飬ôԼǿʵɣСܾԼܹסŷЦ˵
ѩʵ̫СԼˣղʩչһڹŷ˵㲻ʲô
Щ⿴˹ŷһۣѩͷͻȻһָоԼҲСŷˡϾԼϵˣôûгʵĵطء
һΣѩչ˹
Уתͷž˵һµ飬ŷѹȥ
ǿµһĻããȫǹ磬ɱ˸绯飬ɱ
ŷɫأܵһƣҵһֱһ黯ɳһ棬ȻЩĻײ
컯档̲סһ
ذħҲɴ۾ȵ˵컯ĴУŷˣ
컯֮У컯ĴУֻƣֻʮ֮һŷ粢˽͵
˵һǳ֮Ȼ֮ʮ֮һҲ㹻ˡ
컯棬Ȼͬ죬ٽһСѩ¶һĨȵɫû֣ͣǼˡ

ѩһָ䣬һС֣󣬱㻯ͨС棬貵Ĺ⣬ľ
̺֮֮ǻ֮УΪһڻ֮УйԻ͵ս֮ɫ䡣
ŷ粻֪ЩȴܹܵѽĿ¡
컯֮ģɢŷ˫ֽӡʩչ컯ֶΣһƬǬȻһԱǷҪɢ
һƣܵ˴ˣȴδѡ
ֿµͨǺġŷõ컯вҲδﵽ־磬ֻܹһ
һѾ㹻ˣŷüķ⣬罣ɳײһ˵ıը罣ɳŷ˻
ֻء
ŷֻ֣ظ֣ѩС
һ粻ֻأͨáվɫ֮дһĨȻ
һ̣ѩɫΪһֻ֮ڽֻ֮СеĲһʲôʱֻ֮ȻܹӰ쵽ħˡ
ﶼֻ֮УҲ֮һȻ⡣ŷ絭˵
ѩʱףǴֻأСֻأƿ粻Сֻ֮Уȴڴֻ֮¡
Ϊֻءŷ˵϶ѩĲ²⡣
ֶΡѩڣЩ̾
ŷֶȻˣܹϾʵء
䡣
ѩ⣬˫ֽӡֱӶһͨ˳
𽣸֣ٴն䡣


2054 սƽ
ŷ⣬ӲͷųĹâѪסһС
ʲôѩɫ
ıסˣǺεǿȻӲĹ
ǿ̾
ŷ絲סһҲˣʵȥһϡֽ֮еĻߣʱŷ죬磬Ǳֳ롣
ƺƵޱȣһУѩ¡
ѩһ˫ֽӡַһǹгͣסŷĴĽײ˹ȥ

һ죬ͬʱˡ

ѩ̾ƣʱƬ趯ֹŷϣҪط˵ʱڡ
ʱ쳣¡
ŷҲܹͨܵѩʩչʱЩһ˿µ
ʱʱʵʣŷȥƶ
ɩӺֶΡŷ̾һ̣Ŀֱӳ֣ضʱ䡣
ʱƬ裬ȫʧŷ֮Уɫ䣬δܵһˡ
¾񡣡
һħʬ£Ǹձɱһڲʬ·޾ѪɫǵѪ
Щŷɱǿߣӷ˵޵ȫУڼ¼˹ŷһĳɳʷ̤ʬɽѪǰУﵽڵλá
ѩɫһܿ£ܹӰ쵽˵񡣼ʹǸ޵У־ӲǵЩµħʬ֮Ҳ̲סĲ
ǰ󱲵һ׾˶ɱܹγǰľһȥʬޱ޾Ѫģ߼ʣʾŹŷɳļѺѪȡ
ѩ֣纣֣ûһУЩʬпµֱײ¾
һ죬˺ܶಿɫЩ졣
һһƿȻأҲ˵˹ŷǿ
졣
ŷٳ֣ҪѹƣǿµһĻƵޱߣûʲôԵסġ
ѩ⣬һҶϡ
ʱ֮תضǰ·һ֪֮Увѩѩȴһ㶼ɡ
ɫ£Ϊŷٴγˡ
˫ֽȭӡʥ죬ʥȭԴһС
칦ѩȣʩչ칦һµ֣ǸԽͨȻȥ

ײȭӡը乹磬ֱӱˣڴ֮Уûзֳ¡
ŷһ֣Ц˵Сˣѩɩ飬Ѿˡ
ףȻѩʩչ˲ֶΣݣЩֶȴʲôһ칦չ¶ѩʵڹŷ֮ϡǴսǶ֡
δأɱҾӮ˿㣬֪Ϊʲôܾãʲôѹ׵ֶΣδʩչǲµġѩüͷ˵
һЩֶΡĸо֮УŷҲһδʩչȫҲ
ԣһսĻԼδܹʤߡ
˵ģǲɱս־;ԱȲϹŷ硣
ѩȻ߰ȴ䣬Լŷ磬ֱ˵˳һ㶼Ρ
ֶζأһһֶΣ˵Իͱʵ൱ķһʩչҶûаջЦ˵
ôͨѩľˡ
ŷ˵ͷȻ˵ҵһλǰͨԵɺ֮£ѧˡ
ܴͨǰʵһǿԶԶԽǡѩ̾ĻŷɫЩŹ֡
ôˣŷɫѩЩʵ
ŷЦһ˵ǸǰʵǿӦøյ˻𾳽ˡ
ŷĻѩͰ䶼̲סɴ۾ȻһСһֿµͨ
ǱΪܹŷǰˣ϶һˣȻǳѣҲࡣ
ڿˡ
ŷٶ̫ˣӷ˵ڣҲһǧ꣬һЩǰΪһܸߡذħΪ˽͡
¶Ȼɫԭֲء
һǧ꣬زŷǱ̫ˡ
ʹǻ龳磬޵УҲʮʱ䣬ǼʹѾǰ޹ˡ
ٶȣ͹ŷȣֱʲô㡣
ҶˡѩԼķˡ
¶һĨЦݣ֪ս϶ġ
ʲôǹŷЩã֪˵ʲô


2055 а
ˣ˵ôˣŷ磬뿪ˡɫŷ˵
ôʱ䣬Ѿ¶϶֣뿪ɣȻĻˡѩҲ˵ùŷ뿪
š
ŷͷȻף԰ΣҲֻζѣû֡
Լʱ䣬ҲѾˣʱܹɱ
ԣذħ뿪Ļ鷳ˡ
ˡŷ繰֣Ҫ뿪
ȴס˹ŷ磬һ棬˵㲻ֱ뿪һ°ɡ
Ѿˣŷһ˵
˵ͷ䵭˵ԻǼһ磬ˡ
ŷذħһۣԷеأӻѣûаա
Դͨ뿪ֱӻص磬Ȼǻ޷һҪסֻҪû㹻İգܹĻǧҪٽȥ֮Сɫأˡ
ˡŷذħͷ
һΣ뿪Ϊǲ̫˽⣬ϰæ룬һξûôãʵǺпܻڻ֮С
ͷʼᷨӡ𶯣һŻʾŷذħС
ټ
ŷ˵Ȼذħֱ̤С
ڽеһ˲䣬ŷһ̣зĳ嶯Ϊŷ絣ģɱ˰ǡ
İɣǲ¡䴫ùŷ뿪
ŷһҧǰȥ
ŻرգֽضգҪŷץڴʱѩͬʱ֣ס˻Ĺ
ǣŭ
ĭѵɱһΣѩʵ
ĭǻѩĻƽֻȻδϵĻɢȥ˵Ƿ˹ŷ磬鷳ġ
Σ绹ǰĻ𣿰ĭҰ̫ˣĴ֮£ֻһ·˵
ܣǻֻ޾ĻԻͣͻƻΪǰ޹֮ѣʱ֮У֮ڣûҵĶ֡Ȼ˵
̲סЦ˳Żڿһɵһ
һˡ˵
˭һ
컯죬ѾѳȥΪ㳬ˣ컯Ķ𣿡ɫ֮һĨ
Ĭ˺ܳʱ䣬˵ҲԼĶ֣ҳɾͳ֮󣬶һս
Цû˵
ˣĻѾ˵ˣôǼ뿪ˡѩ˵һ㶼˵
ȴûж˵ΪҲǳ֣ŭˣ˸ûнС
ԡ
ѩǿƣȰ䶼Ҫǿƣ˵Ż
һѾɱˣò׸Ҳ֣Ǻ֮Ϊ֮ɡ˵꣬ת뿪
Ȼŭɱˣе
Ͼ˶жȡ˰λãɱѩһѾ㹻εˣ˳֣ԼԭԼġ
ԣʹ飬ûŭʱվûг֡
ĭ㻹еԵģͷǰѩ˵
ѾԶĻһͷǰ̸װѡеʱѾûлͷ·ˡ
ѳȥ֪ԼˡһУǱƲѡ
֮Уʱսһ˴ս޵Уǳ飬Ҳ֣쾳۷壬սֱӴﵽ˸޵Уһܿµߣ˴ĻȾѪ
Σĸ޵УȫŶ֡Ѫս綼Ҫ顣
޾ϣ۳֣Ťתս֡
ʲôۣʲô죬Ҳˣסֵ˵Ĺɱǵˡ۵ĶִЦ˷ܡ
ѹ۵˴ռݾԵϷ硣ҪŤתս֣ߣҪ޵ּǿߡ
аڳ֣š۴۽ǶˣȻ޷ƶԷķ
ˣһǲ̫Ĵڣһ֣ȻǧֶΣҲѹˡ
ûôˣаЦɫ֮г˲м
֪ȻߵĻᡣ
ǿߣעҪȫ䣬ҵѣǻһǿߵġаЦ
վھϵɫѿ˼㡣


2056 Ťתս
аģȴû뵽һҪ붯طǿߣȻ֮䣬໥ƺ⡣
ֻһае˵ԲŻĽ
Ѿʧȥ˿ƣһսܣֻܹˡȴһԤУԷȻ޿֣϶бδؼɵ
֣һȴûж֣ǿߣȫΪµĴڡ
ȶûʤ㡣
ڣֻϣ漣֣֮Уܹǿ֣߳Щ˻ˡ
Ҳ֪һֻҪͷǿ϶ỽġ
쵰ɵĺ¡۴ɫɬû˵ɫȴǳѿ
һҪ֣쵽Ķֱӽ
΢΢ҡҡͷ׼֡
ؿһۣҡͷ̾Ϣһվκζ
ۣעҪˣӽ쿪ʼǵˡаǿߴЦ
ûɵ飬аˣֻҪնɱǣж᳾䶨
ǿߣɫѿǷ֣ҪЩˡһжͽͣǳ岻ƶԷѹơ
ЩţվԶ޷ս
޵УԽ̫ˣǲǹŷ磬쾳֮󣬱㼸и޵еս֮УΪܳˣ쾳۷ĴڣǺ͸޵ȣ̫Զˡ
ŷһҪܹǻϣԯݺҧ˵
ϧ粻ڣЩ쵰ܹô񡣡ƼѼҧ˵
ȥԵĲУǳŲ˶ã޵УǶԷĶ֡ڤ˵о˸
ʦɡ
ԴţǱɱ˱ˣһ㶼ܼԼѪ˵ˡʱţļ١
ģϹ϶ڹؼʱ̻Ҫġԯ˵ɫ򶨣վƽޱȡ
ΪŷŮˣԯǶڹŷ磬һäĿΣŹŷһڹؼʱ̸ϻ
ԣԯǵƽġ
ţҪŹŷ硣˵
ʱսַ˾޴ı仯۱ˣըѪɣԪⴴˡ쳤Х˷Ԫվˣղſµսʱ˾·磬ֻǳ顣
ɫѿвһеĳ嶯Ҫƴˡ
㼴սˣҿ֮֮У˭ܹ赲ҵȵĽŲаЦ
ֵ֣ʩչµͨҪɱۡ
ɫأ֪ˣȻȫʢʱڣδܹסһοڡҪȼձԴƴһսˡ
Ҫʱճһѷ죬Ӱ˳
һˣڳ˲ˡ
ͨ񡣡
ŷ𣬻ȫʥӡɱȥͬʱ֮лǰɱȥ
ڻˡ쳤Х
ȾѪǴʱȴս⣬ǰɱ
ʲôаֵܱɫôҲû뵽ڼɱ۵ʱ򣬾Ȼ˳סǹ
رǹŷɱʩչʥȭǰɱ̫ˣ͵ס
䡣
֣Ӳ˵Ĺ
ʱذħˣ쳤Хһֺֻ֣գֱһ˵ϡ
䡣
Ǹаǿը飬Ԫ񰵵Ȼܵش
аȡаŭ
磬û¡аȸգֻⰵս
ŷԼΧסˡذħˡ
޵г֣ҹŷһˣ޵еǿߣаǿȫľǿߣǴϲ
ǺˣаŹŷ磬֮ȫǼɵ
۹ŷ磬ҵĵ£Ȼ֪˭ŷЦŷʣɱ˸
㡣а΢΢ɫ
Ȼ˵ŷͷһ޵쾳޵еսӵһͨԻֳʵԼ൱ķһˣȴӵ޵еս
ˣ֮ǰλ᲻Ū
аãԼȻǹŷĶ֣ҲԶǴʱȴ֪ԼˣԷʵǿ
ڣĸ޵ΧסԼˣΣˡ
Ҫϻɱǡ۴
ŷͷֱӳ֡
һսŷ֣ɱˡ
֮ϵаǿߣֱסˣ֪ɹŷ֣аľΣˣҲĻ䡣
ǿҪ֣аˡ


2057 ȫɱ
ڴʱˣס˵ȥ·
Ҫʲôаǿߴŭû뵽ؼʱ̣˾ȻסԼ

һаǿߺǳ˵֮г˲м
ǲҪѰ·һɫߣȴ࣬һ˫գ˷Ƭ
аһǿߣѪ֮µˣΪ޵֮עеٮٮߡ
æģֵסǣʲô˼һߺʵɢŸ֪֮˶¡
ǿԿˣʵǴﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĵز
ߣҲû㹻İҡ
ʬ֣а֮еһͨʬ壬֮գǸ޵еģڸǴﵽһµĵز
ֻæնɱŷ磬ȡֻƬȴûռ磬ǵΪҺԣǱ붼Ҫ˵
˻һʬʱ̲סЦˣ˵Ҫɱǣƾ㣿ЦȻҪնˡ
аǿߣֱӳ֡
ǲ˿飬Ϊа·硣ǿߣסԮǡ
ȥĻаֵˣҪɱˡ
˿а֮еĶսҲ˶٣ǱɱĻа˵˵һ־޴ʧ
ǲ鷢֣ÿһ޵еսа֧
䡣
֣ʵǿӲаǿߵĹըֻŷ֮⣬Ҫո˫
ʬǣ򷨲֣һ˫ľڸ̾Էǿ󣬶ʬľǵʵ֣ȻǴһ¡
ʵȫǿƵ˼㡣
һ£һߴˣԼȻҲˣԶԣȴ˺ܶࡣ
һĸ޵о
аս㡣һλǿߣ࣬ʱȴȷһĸ޵иӿ¡ӿѹ£Ӳ
֮ƣ죬ӲΧȫˣһжڣǸ޵еǿеϣޱȣľ
˵ˣ˫Էеء
ʱһ˵סˣսʬͷ޵УȫŵסˡϾԷһˣʵ൱ʱһ֣ܹסѾ˵Ŀˡ
ھ֮ϼսŷȴһһֱڵģĵ˹ؼʱ̣ǻ֣аеˣɱŷǡ
ڿȴõˣΪǺае˴
նǡŷۺҪºˡ
ŷķһʩչһֶϻ꣬˵ϡ
ۡ
죬аֵͬʱը飬Ԫѿˡ¶ֵɫʲôͨȻ˿£ʵǿ󣬴ʱѾˡ
ȻǵסˣҲΣյСɱ˹ʩչµͨ죬ѹ¡

аȲҽУֱӱ飬ɢۻɱ
޵кųƲҲҪʲô˵У۵ֶΣ֪ɱٸ޵ˣνĲ˵һЦˡ
ܡа
һ̣ûоˣΪɱ˹
а˹ȥһһ̣Ŀѣܣֱӻɱ

а˼Ҫˡû뵽һڱصõԣԼĵܵȫսˡ
ܵΣΪŷ۶ס
а¶ֵɫ
վ۷ô꣬ʱһ֪ԭô¡ǺȻŷ۲ֱӳ֣ʩչµͨɱа
а𣬼⣬ȴãΪʱ൱Ĵ޵еĺɱĴ޵Уʵ
ŷӻ֮Уõĺô̫ˣʵѾһµĵزȻĻڻ֮кѩ֮ıԣҲôɡ
գаǱɱˣ硣
ŷڿ֣ʱаǿߣо֪鷳ˡʽתڹŷռ˾ԵϷ硣
аǿߣһۣǾȻǣֱӴܡ
һĻЩڼսĸ޵УҲҪߣŷѾ˾裬ֱסЩˡ
ȫɱŷ˵һ˼ûС


2058 
аǿߣȫսϼһӳȥ֮⣬и޵Уһʣɱ
Ϣȥ֮𶯣̲ס𾪡δУЩ˲ףԼҲС硣
棬˥ȴʱı˲Ŀ˲С
ڿʼû˸Сˣ磬еҪǿĶࡣ
ڹŷǣʱΧˣȫЦ
Źŷǣûһ£¶һĨЦݡ
쵰Ϊǲɱ㣿ŷʵо޿֣ŭ
ԷĲ˹ŷ粻ɱǣΪͷĻǿ»ȫ
Щˣ죬ɱ
˵
ʲôʱܹһһֻԼǿıӻЩŭ˵
һۣû˵
һΣԺ㻹ҪĻͲҪҲŷ˵
ҲЩΣҪɵǣȴʱΪԻЩˣ޷졣
ԣŷֻܹ档Ҳ֪ԼľǶôĲ԰ס
öǲֻҪǼ꣬ɱǵ£ʱɱֻʣʵҵҪǻʲô顣˵
˻һǵɫˡǶ˵޳ܡ
ȣ̫Զˣˣȴ棬Լ磬˵޳ܣǾǵһЦ
뵽ղŵΣ֣̲סЩ¡ǹŷǼʱˣˣǲаĶ֡
ߣҪ죬ǺαҪ顣˵
ɱɱ飬ѵӦֻҪʩչֻأҿԱ֤ԣֻǾÿ𣿡۵һĨ̵Цݡ
ִֻأΪɱǿߣռ֮ԼĲࡣ
Ͼʿȣиʱֻ
Ҳıһ죬ҪɢȻǿҲûáڤڤ֮һֹӰ쵽ǲܹࡣ
ʵۻܹģǻ֪Լޱǿ󣬵ǻ֮󣬿϶Ҳ˲ʣʩչеֶΣԼܹࡣ
ֻǣվһǵѡһѡ˭ԣ˭ûܹ˵ֻܹվԼ֮ϣԼˡ
˲˵ΪҲ֪ʱеۣһ嶼ûеġ
Ƕһʱ䣬ɢˡ
ֻʣ
̾һ˵
˻һһһ⣬ʵ˭µ֣
³һ֡
¶һĨŭɫ˵Իɱ⡣
ɫЦɱ̸ףԷ֮УǶԻһ㶼˽⡣
ңԷܹɱԣ˵㹻ǿǿܲǶ֡
ǴԼ޵У֮УԽǵĴڣУһ٣ֻǺٳ档
ǻһָо֮УҲǿߣֻǺٳ֣Խڲһ
ЩˣȫޣΪѾ̤һҪͻƣѳȥǲ֮е飬һֻ棬ıˣҲǻ֣ŤתǬ
ټֵǰɣڵʵ̫ˡ˵
ͷǿʼ֣ټĻ߻ع顣
֮Уŷǻ졣аĹ˵һ¡ֻùŷɻǣаˣôܾ򣬽֮أ
Ҫ֪Ѿȥ֮УԼʦסа֮еǿߣ᲻֣а֮Ȼˣˡ
˵⣬˴ˣˣаųᣬ硣˵
ϢΪʶ̫ˡ
ʮĻۣһЩϹΪһЩȥˣʱţơ޵еս֮ڿʼϵԼЩˡ
ʱҪ֪һϢܹʮĻۣ̫ˡ
ǰˣȥ֮пһ¡ŷһ˾
֪̲סȥɣҲжӦȥýƺá
ŷͷǰȥĿģΪˡͬʱѯ˭˽ϾаҪ磬㱻˻ˣʵ̫ˣ磬ŷҪ֪˭


2059 ħ
֮Уһ£ˣ˴Σܶ˳Ծֱе㲻ܣҪ֪ʵ֮УȻǵһҲ٣ʲô˳֣Ȼܹˣһɱ
˶ڲ²⣬һϵףʹǰˣҲвӵߡܶ˺ХأѰ֣ȴ޹
ѯʽȴò𰸡˶ܹµ϶֪Լ˭ֻЩȥ
Ϊܹ˽ˣЩܹġ
ЩӵˣȻΣҲûа취ֻܹԼʵ
ŷֱ̤֮УסȻֱӸϹȥ
һǰŷǰһ󣬽һ磬˲Ϣ룬˺ܶˡ
Ǹǣ죬ۡǿ߾ϳ˹ŷݡ
ʱŷ֮УѾ˺ܴ֡ĵӣӵпµɱǿߣѾùŷΪ֮еķںܶ˵Увȫ
ȻҲвмģΪŷ粻ˣֻа̫ˡ
Ͼ֮У֮߰ǿߡ
ŷû߳Զ㱻˽סһǿߣӢδ޵еľ磬һƣȴڸ޵С
Ϊ쾳۷壬࣬һͷħǣɫޱȣһ˫ɫӣڹŷϣս⡣
죬ǰսۡħǿڣ˵ԼĿġ
Ҫһɡŷ˵
ԥһ£ħ˵˵һ֮еĵһ֣޵֮ºɨҲǣǰս
ְɡŷ縺ֶ˵
˻һٹעߵʿ𾪡Ҫ֪ħǣȻ֮УҲЩСʵǿ󣬺ɨһЩؽ磬ȻһЩϱĸ޵УħǶǳɵϲǶ֡
ǹŷı֣ʵ̫ˣħǷС
ЩʿȵͬʱаЦŷ粻֪СħǵˣȫħǸɵˣһЩ޵С
ŷȻȴӦСħǡ
ħɫһҲһʵǿ֮һΪǿ֮һһ·ɨȴû뵽ʱȻһˣŭ
Ҫǳ֣ûһˡħǰȻ˵ЩĶŹŷ磬һԼĶ֡
ŷ絭һЦʲôû˵ֻվ
ħǵİȻɫʧˣЦһֱӳ֡
ʱƬ趯ֱʩչ˾ɱʱ֮һγɿµȻ޵бУҲᱻɱ
ʱ֮𣿲ŷͷһָЩȫƽһĻħǵӶɳˣΪԼء
Ϊһʱ֮־Ȼô׵ıסˣ̲סȡ
ħҲֻһЦһȥ
ɥħצħǴȣָһصɱֱԪ꣬ľ
ŷ磬̲סüͷһ壬ʱ˹ȥ
һצգħЦٶȺܿ죬ֱ׷Ϲŷ磬ٴץ˳ȥ
ûû𣿡ŷüͷһ壬Щˬ˵
ֻǼɵϢǲ¡رڸӦϢʵ֮󣬸ˡŷ֣ȭͷ֮ϣʥ죬ɥħצײһ
ۡ
ħצӱ飬ҽһȥħŷ֮У𾪣ôҲû뵽ԷȻһȭԼɥħצһ㶼δ˺ꡣ
ɥħצר꣬Ӧܹ߲Ŷԡ
ǹŷ磬ȴһ㣬ɥħצܣһֲ
ܡħǴ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ûʲôܵģֻһרԪϢ˵㲻ʲôһȭֱӴ򱬡
ħɫ֡
ʮɽգħǵָףƳ˷ɽʱŷչµĹ
ŷЦη壬ȭͷȥӲɽ
ʮɽĸ޵Уֱն˵Ǵʱȴŷһȭ򱬣ȫ顣
ħǿڱѪȻŹŷ磬ʱڳףԼĶ֣ԶԶǡ
ŷһսȡ衣
ûмٳ֣ħǵͷˡ
ң㲢ˡŷ絭˵Ȼһʧ
Źŷ뿪ıãħǵɫЩ㯣۵ţԼʵϣħи̾ǣԶԶŷ硣
ЩҲȥʱڿԿ϶ŷǿˣħǶԶԶǶ֣ۣ֮еĸǿ


2060 ټ
Źŷ뿪ıӰħзˣ̫ˣ粻սȴԽܶࡣ
ͷܹҲԭġ
ħΪһЩսŷ磬ҪԹŷ粻ֻҪ֤۵
˶ܡ
һ֮еˣûһǹŷĶ֡
֮еǿ߻Ȼͬʱڹŷ磬ӵˡ
ǵľһɨ򡣵ȻǸʱ£ŷֻǱӦսвûǿ֣ŷȥ
ңЩ֪ŷһҽɣҽһ˲һΪ˽ġ
ڣǺ͹ŷԣе㵢ʱ䣬Ѿýӵ߲ˬˣҪ߹ŷĻǸһӵߣԻᱬȺ
ʹŷһǿһЩˣȴû˻ùŷ򡣱ŷ粢ûǷǣֻսġҹŷûˣĵ㵽ΪֹǵľһֱңֻҪǷϵˣк³
ʱŷҲӣЩ˽֡
ףԼܹ֮еˣٵ磬һκûᣬҲԸıԴ̬ȡ
˵ܹЩ˳ΪѣԺԲǵˡ
ڵĵطǺԶǹŷ졣һ·ϣսɨж֣һ־˵ı֣˶Ĳ
ɽһʥɽϴػ
ŷվɽ⣬ͷųԼϢ֪ͨԷԼĵ
һŮӳ֣ѩɫЩǳŷʱ򣬶ʱ¶һĨϲɫ
ˡ֮͸һɸˡ
˽ŷҽֻ֪Ҫŷ֣ʦͻûˡ»ûйŷƲõơ
ŷ΢΢ͷЦ˵ȥǰ
ͷ˽ɽ֮СЩעŹŷ߽ȥЩ˸֪һЩʲô
ɽУƣɾ񸮡
һˣ֮ͤУɫ԰ףʧȥѪɫȻɢſµơ
ǽȻˣƲȻһΨҶĸо
ŷ߽˵ͷЦˡ
ǰ˵ĲᡣŷɫأƺأԴܴƣѻֲָãڻɫ԰ס
˵ͷ̹׵˵ֻʣ²ٷ֮һʵѹƣЩ˳̫ˡ
˭֣ŷᡣ
ף϶ΪԼ飬ԽŻᱻ˻ˡҪסаˣûԸǽ
Ϊ̫ǿˣս죬һ˽Թʵֵ̫ˡ
һЩѣһ֣һ㽫һɱδ˵Щ˵ݣҡͷ˵ǺȻܱ˵ɡѡģʵǿĿ£ĴڣȻȽҲ١
ǸŷĮ
˹ŷһۣû˵
Ȼŷ֡ΪԷͺǿƣ٣ŷʱǵĶ֡
ŷܹ׽˼˵˵Ϊǰˡ
Ҳͷŷǰʥ죬ûתһµû֮С
һĻ̲ס̾ŷԽԽǿˣʱֶΣѾ֪
ʱƣһһӴϢͷų򣬽ָˣ˶ܹо˸ˣҲЦˣӵġһϵҫΪ֮е壬ȻûˣӵҲȻܶࡣֻһϵĴУͬ޷ĴУͬ¡ңʱĽһû㹻ѹЩ֡
пܣЩһһν˾һͷԺҪ⡣
ŷлˣ㻹߰ɣ뿪ط̫Σˡ˵֮һУǾ˵ġ
޵еĽһȻҲҪ˱ˣݱֵܵķâɴ˿ɼԷ׶ôǿ
ŷȴҡͷЦҵҪʲô˸ҳֻ֣Ҫһȫնɱ
ǿޱȣ۷ɾɡ
㲻ǵĶ֡ҡͷжϡ
δء
ŷ˵ޱȣһִơ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣ֪šȻдԣŷս޵Уҿһ塣Щˣʵ죬һһĸ޵Уܹһսսˡ
ŷʵȻǿֶξˣվδ۷塣
ǰİɣЩСֻ֮Ҫҳ֣ұ֪ʲôǲǵġƾˡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣû˵֪ǹŷˣһ˾ͺѸı䡣


2061 ս
콾ȫӵģľʲô飬϶ı䡣һҶǳףҲֻõ˵ͷ
ʦӦó֡ͻȻڣ˶һ¡
û˵֪һЩʲô
һϣǿģʦЩ̫ڵȻˣȻŽͷվûнˣЩˣŸ֡˵һŭ
ŷû˵ʲô˵ΪҪԷĶ顣῿ԼԽκӰ졣
ʦ𣬻սɨµСڵϡ
ŷ翴Žһ仰û˵
á
˵һ֣̺ս⣬ȴľ
һ̣ع飬֮ս죬µѹϱһ޵еš
ô꣬Ѿ˽ϣʵЩҲ룬ǻǰܻܲң˼֮ڷ֣Ҳս־˲ˣʵ˲ˣǰʲôһ䣬˻ġ
ϣµƣԶԶԽǰһֹŷδĽǿޱȣѹһУɨһеС
£ûе֣Ľҡ
һ̣Ļ̼ˣѣս졣
ʱ䣬һʮҵ꣬ڷŨܣ磬˺أ徧Өһ㣬С
Ľʱվһֿµѹ
Դһս㲻ķɣǴʱһжˡ
ʦ𡣡еĽ
һΰޱȵˣվ۷壬ǿ۲
ͷ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦݣ˵һ֪ͨʦһҪʲôȥɡ
ŷףҪΪԼԼʦһ֡
޾޽еģζŽҪٶȱԼϡҲһս֮ǰһ򣬵ȴܹ˲СԽһ㹻ľη
ŷͷ˸ڽͣ죬׼Ȼ뿪
δع磬ŷֱ֮һɽ֮ϣɽ岻࣬˸ɫ񻪡ŷϷ磬ս¡
ҹŷ֪ǰ֣ΪҪа磬Ȼôĵ⣬ֱһսɱңɱ˴ʱ֮еսŷأ
վɽۣɸͦΡ
ܶ𶯣ŷǷŭˣҪΪͷЩֵˣҪ֮һսֻû˿ùŷ磬Ȼսվ̫ᣬһǧ꣬ǿͷȲϡ
ô̵£Ȼս죬ЩϹĶֶ֣ΣԶԶΪЩ㹻ʱ䣬޾֮Уͨ
ʱȥˣδ˳֡ɽΧѾΧˣŹŷ磬ɫη
ҲŷЩϵĴǰǾԱкܶǿĶˡ
ҳԭֻǼͷڹֻ꣬͵Ϯ󱲣˶͵Ϯ˽ǰΪ˶Ը磬վǶҳ֣ǿЦŷڣǡ
ܶ˶ЩȥˣвζҲǲЩ˸£ȴҳе˼ѾҪսǣȴδֱ֡ڶǿߵ棬޹⡣
ǣҵǿɳܣǿߣʵ̫ˡһʿ˵һߣЩ֮Уǿ
ĻǸʿͬһһסͣɫš
㲻Ҫˣ֣ǿ֮еǿߣ˵˵ŭǣһǳɱô죿ͬǳ⡣
ߣС˵ĲҵǿЦֱ˸޵е棬飬׼˵ˡһߣĿ࣬м
Ƕʱϳݣ̲ס
ǰ컢ǰȻҲˣĸ޵еǿ߰
ǰ˵컢ǰʵǿȻڸ޵֮Ҳٮٮߣû뵽վȻܹ
Χʿ컢֮г˳ݡ
ǰһЩʿ
컢ҡͷ˵ÿҺЩļһﲻһǵƾˡ
컢ĻЩʿ⣬Ϊ컢ƽ׽ˣ
ŷĿ컢Ŀһ𣬰컢΢΢ͷŷ¶һЦݡ
ŷҲͷǴк


2062 컢
ѣҿҲõˣЩǲˡ컢ͻȻŷ˵
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷ˵λ˵ĲЩ˾һȺ󱲣Ҹ߹ˡ
ܴ𶯾죬
ܶ̾Ϣʵ̫ˣЩֵˣֱ֮еİࡣ
ۣ̫ˡһһߣɢᣬŹŷ磬һĨɭȻɱ
ǡ˾ȣȻͷ֡
һǿ壬˵ڻ磬֮еһλ޵еŮӽϣһ塣ǿ󣬿ΪǿѪֻһս֮ǰǵ˽һ˵ʱĽһ׷ɱˣǵ涼ɱˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ǿ壬Ȼڡվ˳Źŷ磬ɫ֮УȫǱɱ⡣
ŷüͷʵ֣
δʦ˻˽жȻսʦˣұ֣ǳǿڣɫ֮гЩ̵ЦҶ򲻹Ļûʸʦ֡
Ҳ˵ɱĻʦͻ֣ŷüëһ
˵ɱԼùŷ绹˵ܹһˣҲǺܶɡ
ͬǸ޵о磬˭Ҫɱ˭ô򵥵ġ
Ǻðɣȥɡŷ絭Ŀڣ̽һֻ֣գûС
һǿƣҲӦŷδǷϡ
ֻظ֣ڹŷԻŷ֣Ҫǡ
ֻ֮ӿŨޱȣʹ޵ж̲סɫסܡʱĹŷ磬ǰǿ˲֪٣ֻлֻصƣʵ̫ˡ
Ǳɫ֮дһǵӦŷֵ̲֮סɫ
Ϊǹ̫ˡ
ХһһǧɴСĻǣƣһֻ޴צץ˳ȥ춼˺ˣ˶ܵһɾǾ
ƣһϢɱһ쾳ǿˡ
սˣһɫȻ±Ϣ
ǵʵһϣдˣҪɱ
ŷЦһֲ£Уֻ𶯣Ҫȥ
ǺȻŬԼ壬ȻϽȥˡ
ҪȥǶãΪʵ͹ŷ̫Զˡ
ſһһˣڻ֮УϢ͸ղŵĻһС
ŷ¶һĨЦСģϵڳˡ
ûԷּ£
컢¶һĨȻɫѾϳ˵ݡ
ŷͲԼĻ˴ŭһָһѽɫĳ֣ŷն˹ȥ
£Ѫ䣬Ե÷ǳˣЩѪԣֻǿһۣо塣
񵶡
컢һһ̣Ȼֱ֣ӵһָ棬ֱӽ񵶱ɳȥ
컢˴ŭĿɭȻĶŰ컢ɱ⡣
ʱǸһҽУŷ糹ֻ֮Уٳֵʱ򣬻ѾһСޡ
ŷԥֱӽǸСɱǳʧ֮ϡ
ɱͽǸ˴ŭԼĵӣ˻ɱԼǰһ̲ס쳤Х
ħҲ컢վ˳ŶԷ˶Է֡
ħ֮˶ǻһ޾֮ǰһħݺأ֪ɱ˶顣
ʱһǿߣǿƽѹֻһδɱħֻǷӡû뵽޾֮ȻˣһԽˡ
컢Ҳ㣬ǲ㣬ҪĻҿԳȫ㡣ħɫղǰ컢أͽܸͲ컢֮Уɱ⡣
Ǻǣħɱҵӵʱô˵ңô꣬û뵽쾹Ȼ㣬ħˡ컢˵
ħ۲ͣΪɱ̫ˣһԼѰһ㶼⡣
컢ԼҵĶ𣿡ħ˵
֮£컢֮ð컢ԼĶ֡
ԶŴħħұҪʶһ£ʲôʸ񱻳ħ컢Ц˵Ҳͬһʮӡ


2063 ڤԻ
컢ħ˽ͷųǿơ
ŷ綼Щ⣬ԼҪЩˣֻɱԷȴû뵽컢ֵȴ
Ŀʲôû˵վƽޱȡ
ɱ˰컢֮ɱ㡣˹ŷһۣħ˵
ŷȴûվעˡ
ȴӮ˵컢Цս졣
ʣߵһ꣬ʮ£˿Ө·޾ǺӴ䡣
һֿµ󣬰컢ʵˡ
ħЩ⣬۾΢΢һУȻû뵽컢ȻǿơȻͷųǿƣʵȫԼ
ߡ
Цһֱ̽컢ѹ˹ȥ
ֶΣҪǰ׳ˡ컢һЦȻ֣ɫᴩ񷣬һƬϵ
Բը飬һ𣬶ûܵʲô˺
һЩǿߣֱ뿪ͨսܹվڽսˣҪ쾳۷ʵ
ڹŷڵĵطɽΧһжáȻ˼սನ׻ɾ޷ķΧ֮ڡ
һĻò˿һŷʵ벻ڰ컢ˣȻ˵ȻסߵһС
ֲýˣҳսʵ
еǿߣŷɫ֮г˸ӡٴμ֤һ콾ͬǰһ㣬ǿ߽֮У¡
磬֮еʿоܸӡʵ˵ǾӦһС棬Ǹ֮е̫ˣʱиǿ߳ʧ
ֳһۣҺǰЩ콾һһ㶼Ƿǳƽ͵ġĵӣһã֣ܳѹǿˡ
컢ħս˼֣ȫʤ컢ɫ֮Щ̣Ц˵ʵҳƺԼΪħǲҪƤұն㣬Ϊҵĵӱ𡣡
컢Ȼͳȫ㣬ħ졣ħɫͷŲ⣬һµַһħ⣬ͷ
ħ֮У˸ܵһϢ
оһ컢Цɱ㾹ȻҪϵ죬ҵҪħ쵽жô
ɱ㹻ħЦ
컢ÿɷ͵سХһһͷɫͻɢʵʵİ
ڤԻͫ͵һħϳ컢
ڤԻ֮ΪǿѪһ֮УڤԻȣɱ֮УհȻķء
һ־˵սκǿȫĲ
ħ̲סɫأħѹ䣬һڰ컢ϣϻһ˺ۡ
ֻǣֻǱϵģħ֮޷׻˰컢ƿֲסЩ
۾֮¶Ūɫ컢ͻȻܶɣÿһ̤ǬҪ飬紹䣬ľ
ħ֮ѹͱУɱ컢
һжͽͣ컢£ͷųһɿռȻħ֮Ҫתߡ
ֻһЩǿ󵽼ĹܹżȻͻư컢ĿռķȻڰ컢ϣֻɵ˺ҲΪޡ
áħɫ֪ԼΣˡ
ħͷųȥȫѹȥԼҪӴܡ
߲˵ġվɽ֮ϵĹŷͻȻ֣ضħǰ·
ǿޱȣһֻѹ䣬ħֵס˹ŷƣǱȴѾ֮С
һĻеǿ߶𺳣۾Ȼµزһֻѹ䣬ħȻסֱӱѹ֮й¡
ħХɫͨ죬裬һս档
λѻ֡ħ
ļˣȥԼ϶ɱΪ컢ͻħ죬Ѿ˹
˭ҲȲ㡣ŷЦڣֱӽħӸ˰컢
ڴʱĸ£ûȥħŷɱȥ
ħʵֻǱݵĽָܹܿǴʱȴɫңΪƾⲻһʱ䣬ð컢ɱ
ЩˣҲ˷ߺޣһ֪ЩҪûĨɱŷЩ˲ûзС
ɡ
컢֣ޱȣֱӷħȻֱԪ
˲䣬ħ䣬λݺ֮еһħʱױɱһгɿա
ڹŷ磬ͻϮֱֻ֣ӻʩչͨ
ʥӡͣȫȥ


2064 Ĵǿ
ֻ֮ϣתȣŷĹײһ
һ̣ŷ˳ȥѪȴЦ
ͬʱӰû֮С֮зµսӰգ˵ǰ
ҿ档
Ԫ𡣡
ˡ
ʯۡ
һЩ˵ȫȻЩ˶֮ΪǿĴڡ
ˣ͹ŷ糤һģһ
Ǿ۵ķ˵һֿµܻͨʵͬʿϳ˹ŷķ
ֲþֵҽаЩǿߣͨȻıĴǿΧסҲܹ߰ɡ
һۣ޵еսҾ۵ʵǿ󣬱һĸ޵жҪǿֲ˵ԼǴʱս
̾ǰֻ˵۵ʵǿ󣬵Ǵʱܵ˫սͨǾ
ңս˶Ⲣǹŷյĳɾ͡δﵽ쾳۷壬ʵ̤޵еľôҲ÷һ˱Ժ˰ɡ
Ĵǿɫδ뵽ŷΧδɱŷ磬ȴ˳
ʱ˵ݱ¶Ҳܹء
ҲǺܵģΪǿǸǿߡ
Ĵۣ㲻ǵĶ֡ԪЦǶĳƺǱڡⲢ˵Ԫ𲻳ǡǡ˵̫ˡʱѾ˼ס˳ƺţһֱõڣԼǶʱϿɺͼɵ
ǴˣĴġ컢վŷ粢
⵹ùŷЩ⣬ȵĿ˰컢һۣȻɱħȫûбҪ
컢Ǻ֮䣬ûʲôԹԪ˵¡
컢һЦǺ֮ûгԹҸ׵ĺѣҳɳһٲ˽չˣǸ֣Ҳǡ
컢Ȼǽһڳ˶Щȣû˵ڤԻͽһʲôϵ
ǺƣЩΪʲôûû뵽ȻҲԼѵҪ˽һ𣿡ҿЦɫм
˻һʿһ𣬽һǸˣǱһԼһЩ˵һ顣
ܶ˵ζ컢ǵ֮г˼ɵ
һΣһʢδѹκѭ浸صʿδѹˣֻǶһЩ׼ͽʩչֶΣɱЩأǸʱŽǿ˿԰ڣʲôˣݺأһЩûгͷ֮գɱţռԴЩ֮Уûʲô콾֣˭Ĵ컢ʡ
һЩʿɫ΢΢һ䣬컢Ļ˼СһʢҲͬʢޱȣǿƣݺأ콾ǲϡ
ǽЩޱȣ콾һɳ졣ֻмӱǰȴԵ̫ڿˣֱ޷ȡ
ʶһ㣬ܶ˵˼ʱıˡ
δҪһˣҲͬһһ㣬ƿ򣬽򣬹һƬء˵˵
˵Ľ𣿺Ǻǣһ°Եѹͨɣһͳ˭ܹŷ컢Ц
Ҳۣ벻һɣܹĽһƽƫУ۶ԴһĵӣǶԴ飬һ̬ȣκƫġ
ڳʿ֮УǴ߹ģȻе۷Ĵڣȴ֪Ľһŷ
Цһû˵Ҳףһɣһһ㣬˽
Ҫ˵ƾʵ˵ɡʯ۵˵ȻǴ۵ĳƺţȴǸ޵֮µǿ֮һʵ졣ֻ̫ԭʯɵϣٶȼ죬ͬʱޱȣʵǿʯûκɱֻǶһˣҲ벻ҪվڽĶġ
ãƾʵ˵ŷȻżˣʱ׼֡
컢Хһѻͷ֣һ˺졣
ǣΪһ챦컢ԼĻǵϱս⡣
ղźħһսδóǵɴ˿ɼ˵ӡ
ʵ̫ˡ˵˵ȻŰ컢˵һս
Ȼӵ챦İ컢һӲͷǽȴҪ֣ɴ˿ɼ˶Լʵš


2065 ǿս
ŷ翴˰컢һۣЦ˵֣ǧҪͷɱ̫ˣһҪһȫء
һ£컢һЦٺٵЦһֵҪ󡣡
󣬰컢еĻָŽˣЦ˵ûУҪǧҪҶˣŷֵܻ뿾ȫء
ɫ࣬һԲһɫ˹ȥ
䡣
˼սµܣһ˲㽫Լʵ˼㡣
ŷͷ컢ȻǽһʵȴΪɹۣǳ¡ӵ챦ŷãˣеˡ
ʵϣһͰ컢֣֪ԼˣСڤԻҲţͣس֣Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڣ컢¡ţԼ԰컢ܹսʤġ
ϼһǿԳˣ졣ŷʯ˹˹ָͷ˵
˻һɫ
һ֣ɱҿ濪ڣȱ˹ȥ
ʯۺͻԪҲͬɱȹģǹŷ塣
һһıȽϺáŷ絭һЦ
֣סҿͻԪˣǱս˲һš
ڹŷı壬ӭʯۡһܿµǿߣʵǿǿƲࡣ
̫ԭʯܹ챦Ķֻǣʯδ챦Ϊһ飬մﵽڵľ硣
ʵǷǳµģ̫Ϣ֮УÿһδǬ߸ʱգùŷܵ޴ѹ
𺳣ŷףΪԼͨʱ֮¹ʱյ߸㹻Լһġ
ڣȴõġȻЩǶڹŷӰ첢Ǻܴ
ŷȭӡʥȭʥƵޱȣѹ¡
ʯ۳֣·̫һǿƳ֣͹ŷȭͷײ
⣬ȫͷŲĹâÿһεײ·ը죬ľ
ʱĲɱҲ似ս
˲£Ǵ֮ϣ˲䣬顣û֮УػΪҽ
еǿ߶ľٴԶ롣Ϊ˵Ĺʵ̫ˡۿһ쾳۷ĴڣֻΪ˵Ϣϣֱӱˣ
ܾסˣʲô޵ˣǿ޷ȡʵﵽ磬ͬһս˳֣ȻĻȻ쾳۷֣Ҳֻϣֻܹɱ
ΪѾһ޵еսеٮٮߣʵǿ˲
ŷͬ£ս죬ս޵У·磬⾪˵˼㣬˭Ҳû뵽ŷĵսȻ˿£ΪǿһȺˡ
Ҳ˵ĳɳˣС㹻ʵݺ¡
һսܾˣĴսţȫܿ¡ҺδȥȻĻҪ٣ᱻǼսನӰ쵽
͡
컢սʹ챦ѹƽˡǺգݺᣬɱĽǱ컢սֲָͣ졣
ˣˡ컢Ц
ӵ챦㹻ĵԻɱˡ

ЦһѽɫС
ʮǧȣСգ뻢ǵײһ𣬾Ȼס˻ǵһ㶼·硣
һĻ컢ЩȣɫŹֵ˵ˣҲǹݵģԼеëѵˣǲë𣿡
ȻЩɫСǽ˵ƶɣӵпµܣɵס챦
ǵסʩչͨʼԾ
𡣡
컢ХΣһ飬컢ɱȥ
ড
ͬһǺণֱꡣ
ͬʱҡΣѪȻԷХ˵ˡ
ŷǣеܵӰ죬ֵʱ΢һ㡣
ֻ΢΢һͣ٣Ǽ֣ϼս
ŷʯۣսʯʩչ̫ϢڹŷϣȻҪ֮Уƹŷ塣
ߡ
ŷЦҽ֮Щſȣʩչһֶϻ꣬һǴͨ
ǲ
ʯѣ¶Ȼɫ̫ͨˡ
ʯֶΡ̲ס뵽Ǹʥ˵ļһһֶϻ꣬ʯֶΣսʯ壬ȴǴܣû뵽һȻٴֶΡ
ʩչͨʯˣϧȻܹң޷شʯЦѪ޸壬ϵƸǿʢŹŷ磬ɱȡ


2066 սʯ
𣿡ŷ粻壬Ѫ죬һſŹǱ䣬֮ը飬֮еĳ
лƶǬŶУѹʯۡ
ʯ۴̫ϢȻƣ˺ȥµӿŷ硣
˼սһ̫ԭʯɵʵ졣һǾۣ࣬ͷųµϢѹһС
˴ѣһϢԻ޾أ졣ȻͬǿߣԶԶ뿪ǣҽӴ
Ϊֲ̫ˣʵ죬Ϣһֵĸо
ֻء
ŷһȭƽѪڵ˼㡣ͬʱֻƬ⣬ͷųµʯֻ֮С
գһӤ֣۵ģԵ÷ǳɰֻһ˫ӣݺݵĶŹŷ磬ɱ⡣
ŷҪ֣׻ɱʯۣδ뵽Լ֮УȻֻƬʯ۴ֻ֮С
ڣʯ۳Ϊһˣǹŷ粻Ҵ⣬Ҫᣬɱʯۡ
̶ֳȵǿߣȻֻƬѹƣҲδܹѹƶ೤ʱ䣬ǵʵ̫ǿˣﵽ쾳ļޣ޵С
ˣκζ޷ѹ̫ʱ䣬ֻĻֻأܹ
ڹŷֵʱʯȴ¶һĨЦΪһֻܹ֮ѹЦǧŲ࣬𣬳ĴֻأҪѹҶܡ
˵꣬ӤϱѪٴγɳӢ˲һ˫磬Źŷ磬ЦҪлл㣬ƶ۷徳磬ʱ֮еһЩɼȫʧҿҵĶ֡
ŷɫһû뵽Լֻأȴȫ˶ԷʱֻƬ۳ֻ֮ȻֲҪѹǿߣȴѡ
һ仰˵ٴγ֡
ɫʥ⣬תɱ֮ɱȥ
һжҪˣŷʩչȫҪɱԷ
ߣ޾Ĥݣеĸʥ
ңܹȵġʯ۳Х̫ϢŨˣһɽ֣ƺƵ಻֮ϡ
̫ɽΪʯ۵ĳɵ֮أᾡе컯ζսһɽƳԼķ
챦֮أˣʯƣ챦ȣҲ˿
̫ɽѹ£գ˵˼㣬һһֲʹŷ綼ܵһѹɫء
Сģɽ£ǧҪСһڹŷĶ΢΢˵ͷ֪ͽǣѾ֮ûг֣ڲʲôֶΣȻĻǺɱʯǵġ
ϾּǿߣҪߣסʹͽ˼룬ҲûоԵİտԻɱ
ԣֶΣǳ׵Уܹ޷ߡ
ʶһ㣬ŷӱ䣬öԷ쵽쳣
ŷվ˫ֽӡվڹȥڡδʱգͬʱ֡
ȫʥӡµĹ
磬ᴩأһУ̫ɽȥƣһУȻʯۣ̲סɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȻܵΣգŷһ̫ˣ̫ɽĲڰ
ԡ
̫ɽײ۵ⱬݺᣬɱȣǳû񣬶˼սĵطɫȻ
Ǹо˵ĴڣΪǵײʵֲ̫ˣȻ޵У޷͸ǽֵĳ򣬾쵽֮
ӿ޾ŷֻȴһֱûг
ѵͬھˣһ쾳߷Ĵڣ̲ס˵һ
˻һΧ񣬶̲סһۣʯûǲ֪ǹŷȴûС
Ϊķսδԣŷı壬û
ʯۣʵڹŷ磬һ֣˾ô׵ģֶ̫ΣԱסԼ
֪ǣǵûоʤ˵ʤܣغ˫ˡ
ֱƽɢһµײӰһƬءǼսȾѪȫ˺ۡ
˺Ȼ޵еĴڣϾָƣǵսײҵʲôز
Ҫִ֪ڣ֮䣬޸ǱԴܴԪ𣬲Ųܹһʱ֮޸
˴ʱϵ˺ۣûʱ޸ȻǵѾˡ
ŷս죬ʱûб뷨ֻҪնԷ
սһ·ɱ߷Ĺŷ˵㲻ʲô㹻ĵһս


2067 ̫
ʯ۳ХŷеҲͬ޾ĵ̡ΪһԶǿߣĻ̫ǿˣѪƴκǿߡ
֮£ŷ̫ˣȻſµʵʯȴģտսʤŷ硣
ǼսȾѪ
ۣڲõĽҲᱻǸ磬ͲӦôڡʯ۴˵ԼĿģҪ硣
ƾǣʵһٱҲŷЦɫ֮г˲м
һȭݺݵʯ۵֮ϡ
һ̣ŷҲ¶ʹɫʯһֻڹŷţͬʱһѪȻɳȥ
ǣθոסٴγ˹֮Ĵսʵ̫ˣû˿ͣЪ
ڣ˭Ҳҷɣһɣпܰ
˴ѪɣʱȻŷųƲ壬ҲͣܵشΪԷ̫ԭʯõӵǿڹŷ塣
ǲ
ŷһ첲飬һָֻ첲ȴĳʯ۵һ첲棬͵ķʯ۵һ첲ֱӱ˺
˶ľ֮սʵ̫ˡǿͬ˺ѣܵش
Ԫ񻯽ɱʯ۳ХԪ񻯽ն˳ȥ
ŷЦüķ⣬Ԫ񻳱罣˳ʯ۵Ԫ񻯽ײһ

ʯ۵Ԫⴴ𶯣ȻĶŹŷ磬û뵽ԪȻֲ˹ѹһ罣նԪ
ŷԪûлع飬ѹʯ۵Ԫʯۻ𶯣ϢѸٵڼ
ʯ۵Ԫǿ󣬶ǹŷԪ̫ǿȫ罣Уǿֲ
ܵشԶ仯һ⣬ûԼüġ
һ̣ʯ۳ָ֣һɽ֣ѹ£ҪɱŷԪ񣬹ŷԪλʩչֻأɱ֮ʯײ
顣
ǵˣѪըٴⴴսܾˣҪֳһĻ˶п䡣
ʯ۵ɫȴ쳣ѿףʵһսԼˡŷֻһ壬սһع飬ŷս֣ǳİ
ʶһ㣬ʯк˸оΣһҪŷնɱʹܴĴۡ
ǿߣʵ̫ǿˣеҪֲĶࡣڻδ쾳۷壬պ󾳽϶Ƕ֡
ʶһ㣬ʯڲٱ
ϵϢȻһַγһµͨȥľ
䡣
ŷϳܿ³Խͨ䣬ǿЩľ
һ䣬ŷ粻ںһ䣬ȴûӲͷ
ŷλ飬ڹȥδ֮䣬䡣ùŷ𾪵ǣǸһȻͬԽʱգŷ׷ȥ
ʲôŷһˡ
ŷ羪ȵɫʯ۳˵ŷ磬Ϊһ̫Դ̫䣬ߵ׷ȥݡ
ȻŹֵһŷڹȥδ֮䣬䣬Ժ֮ȴŰ취
۾һʲô䣬վ֮ĸʲô̫䣬Ҳ⡣
ԣֻҪֺ໥Ƶܹ̫ĥ
ŷ粢ȱ١
ϣͻȻų⣬ʮƷ̨ڹŷĽ£˫ֺʮ״ʼվ
ǽħ䣬ѹһаࡣԵаܵĿơ
һַӹŷĿγɣ̫档һʯۣʱЦͻȻסˡԼ̫䣬ȻֹŹֵڣʼ
ܣûʲôĥ̫䡣ʯ۾Ĳš
ûļʶ̫١ŷЦɫ֮г˲м
˫ֺʮ貣еַǲͣ档
ʯɫ䣬ʩչ̫䣬δɵŷ磬˵ԲһϢڱԴķأȵŷ糹ڵ̫䣬ҪԸˡ
ʧȥ˲ֱԴʯۡԲǹŷĶˡʶһ㣬˵תߡ
Щ˶˾һ򲻹ߣͲ
ףֻҪĻʲôⶼԽһ˱ɵ˵ĻǾһгɿˣˣбҪһ㲻ƴһս
ʯۼ²Ϊתӱԭ


2068 
ߵ𣿡һ֣ȻǸϵӣǳȴǿƣһƳȥʯ۵ɣȾѪ
졣
ʯŭ
ҪһݺݵĶ죬ɫŭ˼㡣
ȻѾˣͲҪˡ쵭˵ǳǿƣȻȫʢʱڵʯۣδĶ֣οڣʧȥһֵıԴʱʯۣ˼㡣
ʯ۾ŭĿɨգ˵ȻѾˣǸҲӦҪˣ⣬ͷڹһĽȻгֵ
Ļһ䣬֮̽һֱֻ֣ʯ۴۵ϡ
ʱʯ۷˳ȥըһ飬ɫֵĶֻ֡
ղ˵𣿡֣Ӣΰޱȣԡ֮Уϡһ˫˸ſµâʯۣɫ
ָˡʯɤЩɬ
˵Ĳǽ壬нľȫָ˿µϣʱһ˫ӿʯ̲ס
ǿǰǸϵĽɨһеУѹвǿߡ
ҪлǣһλңҲͨˣָˡ˵
ľʱĽȫָΪǸɨ޵еǿߣս̬ȫգµ˼㡣
Ԫɫŷķˡ
ͬʱҿҲŷķˣʯ˲Ķˡ
ʮǧĽ𽣱컢ˣ˹ĿأŽ
ȫ̲סľףһԼˡ
ŷսǣʵ׼ģһ壬ûô࣬ôģڱΧסҪΣˡ
ףͽûڵһʱ֣϶ûиϵʩչֶΣΧǸûӳȥĻᡣ
ԣΣˡ
˶սǿߣûһ
ҪǾһս𣿡Ԫŭ
Ŀһۣ˵
Ц̵˵ԪѾϺͿˣɱ㣬Ƿôʲôһѿͽһ˾ܹ
ߣƴҲáԪЦ㹻ĵԹŷǡ
㻹ˮɣЦɫм
ǿɱǣѵǸˡԪŭŽɫ䡣
˻һɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǸȻͽһЭ飬֣ɱҵȣ϶֣ʱȻһҲܵסĹԪ˵
Ĭ˵ô˵ǶҪ
Ѿ˾Źǡ
ɫһ䣬Ԫŭߣ㲻Ҫڡ
˵ôʲôΪһǰһɱȥԸΪң˵Ȼֱӳˡ
ŷһȥһȭֱӲʮǧ
һ𣬽Цֱ֣ɱŷһ̣ɫһ䣬ΪŷһѾ˹˳֣һˣֹƿֲ˼㡣
˱ɫֿŷ
Уͳ·硣ʱжôĿֲˡ
һԼһ֣ĸֳ֣˸ͲǶ֡
ʯһҪȥɱŷ
컢Цһضʯ۵ȥ·컢ʵͲʯ֮£ʯڻܵ˺صƣһսʯ۱㱻ѹƣƵ˼㡣
ҿ棬ʦͽһսɡ쵭ĿڣȻҪսԷһˡ
ҿŭ죬м˵죬㻹һЩ޵еǿ𣿾Ȼ֣ΧһˣԶ٣㲻ö𣿡
ǸղΧͽһǸˣ쵭һЦмĿҿһۣ˵ӹŵڵĹأҾͺԼͽһΧһ㲻Ļǳƽˡ
ҿɫѿǲܵġ˵ʵһԼ֮£һ֣Կɱ
һ޽ľ棬ҿΡ
ǣߵһֻܹսȥҪҲܹ˺ùͨһ㣬ҿ˸ˣ׼ˡ
ͬʱͻԪѾսˡ


2069 ȱ
ŷ֣ɱҿһˡ
֣µ˼㣬ֻһ˲䣬ҿ㱻򱬡ʱ֮ﵽһµľ磬ȻãΪŷҲͨҲźܴо
ֻ֮еһˣһսĺ࣬ǲ̫ܱܡһ֣ҿͳױˡ
ҿŭ𣬵ãס͹ŷֶΡ
屻飬Ԫ񷢹⣬ͷųµϢأʱӿҪŷɱ
ŷһȭƽʥ죬ֱӺ
֣Ӳҿ棬Ԫ顣
һսûκŷˣȫǿޱȣֺɱ죬ʱ޵еǿߣ㱻׻ɱʲôûʣ¡
ʯǺȻ֪ãڹŷڳ֣Ҫɱǣֱ̫ˡ
컢սʯۡ
ŷԼķһΧɱˣʵ²ڽ˵ǿߣɱһˣһûС
ֱӱ򱬣Ԫ
ͬʱʯ۱ɱ
һ䣬Χ۵ȫľ֪һս϶ᴫġ
Լѳ֣ǿƻɱ޵еǿߣֻлԪһˣںͽսѾ˾Ե·硣
ó֣ԼɱϹŰǿޱȣĻԪѪϴƣ죬ͨرԴɱԪ
Ԫãѹƣʱܵ˽ĸսµ˼㡣
գɱԪ񶼱ˡ
һ˺ɱһͬǿߣҲһĸ޵УǻԪĿ´ڡ
ûܵκ˺һ˫˸ŵɫ
ǹŷǣȴδɡ
һֻ£ƺƵƣѹ£µ䣬ҪĨɱˡ
ȻʲôӵĴڣȻôǿԽǽǡ
ڸ޵УԳԽǸ硣
Ȼˡƽδϡ
ɱĸ߹ѣȻȲվ˳ҪǾһս𣿵۷ʱڣ㱻սܣοڡЦȻҲֵ֪Ĵڵݡ
ǵĻ䣬һǿ֣߳㹻ʮˣȫ£Ǹ޵оǿߡ
ǵնͬʱ֣ɱǸ֡
͹ŷҲûţȫԼµĹ
ŷս죬Ǹ֣һִڣԴдĦܶණ
ߡ
ֺգѹ£ͬʱһߡ
ǶôµĴڣȻһ֮Ӳʮ޵СлнĿµǿߡ

һ촫ְҪˣŷǣȫɫףȥһǲܣȻһֻ֣ԼҲ˺ܴ
ŷûڣһߣֱ˫ֽʥӡɱȥ
Ǹ֣ڱˣǴʱֻһ𣬱㽫ŷʥӡ顣ŷҷ裬ɫ֮дһĨȻ
ң
ɱ
ŷȣƶǬУȫѹȥ
ֻһŷɳȥǬ飬Ҳˣ쳣Ǳ
ŷĹҲûЧָˣ顣
ˣܺãҹԲһģҪ硣һĮûκθ顣
ν̫ϣûڵ־ǣһûС
ŷɫĮĻӦǿң罣ɳնǸʧĵطһƬձ飬ͬʱһŭߣŷЦٳ֡
Ⱥ޵Уŷ֮УһĨ΢΢ͷȻʧ
㱻Ǽһסˡ˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ûʲôϵһȱ򲻹ĻҪ֮ǲܵģҵĥʯŷŵ˵
ղǸڣǱĶ֮вȱ𣬵ȴӳһ֣޾µʱȱѾҪָȫʢʱڵʵ
ϣ˰ɣҪʲôʵ
ص磬ŷ¶ЦûҪĻһ㶼
ûа취飬ʱ̫ˣûбҪĻŷ粻˷ʱ䣬һطǰȥоһ˵
ŷ¶ɻɫ֪޵ķʸġ
򡣡
һ⡣
÷Ǹ棬쳣ǿһط


2070 
ΪҪȥ򣿡ŷЩ⡣
˵ĻڵʵȻҲ̫̫࣬羲ĸ
ȻҵԵǾͲһˡ
ֻƬ֮һֻƬǵõǿʵ˵һùŷ˵Ϣ
ֻƬڹŷѾˣֻҪҵʣµĸɴֻأҲܹˡ
뵽ŷֱ˵ȥ򣬻ǰָֻƬһط
֮Уһֻ棬ֻƬУҪȥĻҪֻУȡֻƬŷ͡
ŷЩͷۣܹ棬Բһ㣬˲ǡ
ֻǻ֮ǿߣһ㲻£ĴҲܣֻԸҲǳң˭ҪðȻǻ֮е壬ҪƴһƴԿ˵ֻȻǵˣҲ١첹
ȻһˣŷЦԼԴЩͷۣȴ˵ȥ򡣡
Ȼŷ˾Ҫǰ򡣲ֻôǿ󣬵ֻƬǹŷڱصõĶҪֻƬֻأƿֻأܹ
ԣŷ粻ǰʲôˣܹ赲ĽŲ
һСġɫء
ŷͷѯ˻ֱ꣬ӱˡ
һ۹ŷ뿪ķ춢ŽüͷЩɻʵ㵽ʲô˼ùŷȥǸ磬ӦǲҪŷõֻƬɣ
ͷ
Źŷ뿪ķ򣬵˵컯һڻ֮Уŷ컯Ϣпܵõ컯ĴС
Ŀġһ
컯ĴУǿĺöʿҪġ
ǣȻ컯µĴ֮أҲû˵컯ĴС
ҴΪ컯ĴһֺöЩУһֺصıϢһ컯ʲôϧûдﵽǸ磬޷֪һСüͷ˵
ùŷȥõЩУȻ֪ͨ̽ࡣ˵Щ
ô˵ŷ綼ĵӣôҲƹŷ硣
ͷûķŭ˵ŷǴ˵е֮ӣȻ컯ʲôƣҲ˺ŷģõƾ֮ˡ
ȴʲôû˵ֻҡҡͷ
Ȼڹŷǲƾ֮ˣʵеûס
첻ǽţƾ֣컯ľôܹô׵ƵҪ֪ǹ֮УΨһĳ֮˰
ˣʲôû֪ýôţ벻ʲô顣
ŷ֮УʵҲһָоһֱƵĸо
Щȴùŷǡ
֮еͬŷڻ֮Уʱˣãã֮Уһ½ûб߼ʣɢŹӲãϢ
̫֮ϹţŷһǶǸǿߵʬ壬ǳ֮еľȼգɢĹâ
Ȼŷ磬ֱ̫ʱҲܵµѹЩǰǿĲ˼飬ʵ졣
ûмۿ½ȥ
䡣
ʮϢȫ쾳ĸ֣ɫļУкɫĳìָŹŷ磬ɢɱ⡣
Ǻˣһģ˴ȵŹŷ磬ȴһ
ȻоŷΪûдﵽ쾳۷壬ȴһɿµƣѹе㴭
·ţġŷ繰˵
ɢϢ仯ģ֮еıԴϢһ⵹Ǹģһ
ǿߣκ磬žԵȨǿֻҪֵ飬Խκ
ԣܵŷϣȷʵϢ֮ǸϾͲˡ
ԭǷѣղǻļҵıʿְͨڣѲҪǸģ˵
ˣܵһ̫ˣоԶˣʵ죬Ϲڶࡣ
˭Ҳ֪򵽵жǿʵһ涼֪ԼԲĶ֮֡еκһСʿܹСҲ䱳һȻ߼Ϊµǿߡ
ļңŷһ֪ǻ֮е壬ͳڻ֮еƣȵĽһ
Ϊ֮Уļ֦ͬԻļҵʵһûУʱƣԽԽǿʢҲûļҸӿ¡
һ壬ܲòҪ


2071 
λҲ˵ˣΪѵְȻӦõģ֪ܲ뿪ŷЦʵǿ
÷֮гޣǹŷڻһµ硣
һʵǳ£Ȼ򣬹Ҳˡԣһ˭Ըǡ
Ѿȥڻ֮ߣСһ㣬֮ЩƢǺܺãǧҪǡǸĵѵ
л
ŷ繰֡
׼һֱӷ˹ȥ
ʱŷҲ֪ȥһ˶ĳǳأȥʱֻ֪ʲôط
ԣȥǸطĵطǸɫһ䣬Ҫסŷ磬Ѿˡ
ŷѾʧǵ֮УЦϣܹΪλеˣλѳְɡ
Ȼ˵ȴ֪ǲܵ顣޷죬ûеõԼԴĵˣȫɱ
ʵǿڻ֮УûмԸģ׿
ŷԽԽоԾԼһӴ֮СΪɳľ룬ȴһ鶼ûп
ֻһͣסˡ
ߡ
ŷվһһȭ
Ǭ飬Զַ֣һ󣬽ŷС
һС֮Ȼʹסңŷʵ
˵С֮ģǵһһ֣࣬һͷࡣ
һ˫ӶŹŷ磬ЦһĨɭȻ
뿪ŷ絭˵Էʵǿ󣬵ں
£ãã֮У˵ɱûˡԣʱɳˣԺεǿߣԲκη塣
һ쾳СȻ˵𣿡˵
㻹˿¾Ҫˡŷɨһۣ˵
ôĿҵҪʲôɱҡЦЩŭˡ
һСȻҺ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ۻȻͬΪ޶Ǻ˵ҲǿͿһ㲻
ŷû˵ֱӳ֣
µءһȭٺʮ֮һĴ󡣱ĵ⣬ΪҪ󣬳кͬʵȻĻԲ
ŷ粻쾳ѣʹҲǲġ
ڣ֪Լ´ˣһеĻҪʵǿ˼㡣
һȭ飬ֱӱʮ֮һĴ󣬾δܹ
㵽˭ɫŹŷ硣ɫ֮дһĨɵ
һ·ˣֻǱڴ֮ˡŷ絭˵
Ц·ˣŲأһĹ·ˣô֪ܲݡ
ãŷǹԼġ
ߣҲŲǲʲô·أȻˣ׼ɡˣгһ׹⽣ֱŷնȥ
˸ŵģȻǺɫԵ쳣¡
סŷһ
е̫ˣԿ˵ܹӡ
רŻףգԾһµ˼㡣
ߡ
ŷ˫ֽӡһȭ
䡣
ȭͷ׹⽣ײµͬʱĺˣŷȭͷûκ˺棬ĿɭȻ
ǿԾ
ŷû˵һһ߹ȥ߲ɷһʮƷ̨棬˫ӡȭ¡
ߣ֮Уʶʿڹŷַʽñ¶ԼˣԾ鷢ʵ
ȭ£ǾɱһɴȱֻҪѹͶȻüʽһμ
׹⽣ɨȭײһ𣬵һһ⡣ͬʱˣŷ絭һЦֱݻս۳һսʤһѽĹӣݺݵ
һ־Ե£ŷڵľƶȻ棬
ֱӶȥȻ׹⽣ŷնȥ
ŷ绯ĶսʤХҳֱӽ׹⽣˻ȥһ㶼֪ƣһٴξӣݺ
ֱĹʽǳĲӦǵһĴ򷨣̫ڱˡ
ٴεסһʱѾһ⡣
ʹһħˣҲһӴܣԷ̫ˡ


2072 ʶ
ס֡ͻȻȻ˵˴֮С
ˣԷʵ֮£Ҫ׿ɲµļһ
޵Уȫ֮ΪµˣǲʾǾç
ʵıԼϻУȥԵеЦˡ
˵ͲˣҶûӡŷЦûס֣ٴһȭĴ
ۣܹס޵ǿߵ󷨲࣬òײóһ
ʵˣҲҪһʱǸʱÿ߱ڹŷҪٹȥĶûˡ
Ҫסŷ磬뵽ղųֵһɺݾʱ̲סһ£ûг֡
㵽Ҫôеŭ˵
ܾˣԣҪŷ絭˵ܣּǿߣܹóĶ벻
ʲôֱΪԼˣԼթˣֱһεĸо
ݺգգ۾ٿŷ绹ԭأɫڣⲻΡ
ңҲû˯ϰߡ
Ҫʲôҧгݡ
һ챦Ұɡŷ絭˵ԵЩġ
һҪţ챦һΪ챦ܲײô£ûеõһ챦أ챦͸Ҿ챦Ҳͳȥġ
ܣûֶ治ˬ˵
Ĵһ棬ŷͷҲ챦ˣðɣҾͲҪ챦ˣһֻƬɡ
һˣָŹŷ磬ŭСӣˣǲǣ˭֪֮Уֻһֻ챦ֶ
㲻ȥŷ翴ڿһɵһļֱΪԼˣŹ֣Źŷ磬ڿһΪֻ˭һûļҶɵĴڣֻĶһûлòͷ
ô𣿡ŷ΢΢Щȣѵֻô
Ǻǣֻʵ죬һ֣ͲںĶֻһҪѣΪ֮ϵĴڣΪܹļҳ𣿡Ц
Ļŷһֻĺܲȴû뵽Ȼ˿¡
㵽ʲôˣôǶֻһ㶼˽أüͷЩɻ
ûйϵŷ絭˵׼뿪ˣҲòҪϢˡ
оһ˫ֽӡһ׾ӳڹŷϡ
ˡ̲סһ
ڴʱŷ籾뿪ǴʱȴֱͣĿɭȻϣһ壬뱾彫Χסɱڵӡ
ۡ澪
ھ۵ͷѾˣرһ壬˾֮̾Ϊͨ
ֻǣû뵽ԷȻ˻򣬻ԼҴݡңŷ˼ӦǳֻֻƬȥġ
ڱŷΧס̲סЦԼûˡ
ڵˣܲɱȥһء
ۣҶˣαشɱɱءͷʧˣһʮģЩ˵
Ǳ˿һĻ϶۾棬ǲбޱȣʲôʱǽһ˵ˡ
Ǻǡŷ絭һЦ
ֻǷͱ壬ֱ򣬶棬֮ɱ
һͲԼһסһתظ˵ۣģֻҪ㲻֣ҾԲὫݱ¶ġ
¶ҲûйϵҲںŷɫƽ
ЦԼҪ¶ҲҪлУڱ̬ΧסˣҪɱȥºѡ
ղŹŷֵʱδܵŷıԴϢֻܹ˵һ㣬ǾǹŷδֶΡ
ȻûжֶΣƴ˼㡣ڹŷȫ汬ͱΧסܹɵ
˵ɣҪôڲٱˣŷһûзŹԼĴ㡣
ܼ򵥣ȥֻ档ŷ絭˵
ŷĻֱҡͷ˵㻹ɱҰɡ
⵹ùŷЩ⣬ΪеļһӦԼҪءȴû뵽ȻԸɵҲԸԼȥֻ档
ǲǶֻʲô£ŷɫŹ֡
¶ɫȴû˵ǹŷȴѾ϶ԼĲ²⡣


2073 
͸ֻ棬úʡŷЦ
ŷĻ֪ˡϽ˵Сӣ㲻Ҫ裬Ҹ㣬Ҫǽ͸ֻ棬ҪҲҪ
ΪʲôŷЦʵ
Ϊֻңɱңң㽫͸ɱҵҪ󣬵ȴҲŭ϶ɱġЦ
ֻŮˣŷɫŹ֡
治˵ˣǿǸӣŷѾ϶ˡ
û뵽ԼһˣȻֻйϵˡŷµĲĻֻ֮䣬϶һ˵۵¡
ˣʲô˵㣬͸ֻһж֪ˡŷЦһֱӳ֡
һıˣݺԸⱻŷץס
һжͽ֣ͣأһ𣬱ܹѹס棬οֲεĸֳ֡
ã㱻סˣŷֱӺķѴ
ʱʵ൱һʼǿߣʵźǲڸƵĻֻܹǵײߡ
쵰ڵġĲһҪԱޱȣû뵽ȻԷ²ˡ
֮г˹ŷĽơȻҪ⿪ܡԱȻŷµĻʼͲԳ޵еġ
ڲڣʱ˵ɣǧҪ˵ҵݣסҵ֣ҽţʿŷ絭˵
ŷĻЦΡֻҪˣҾľۣΪֻصֻƬġ
˵Ҳںǿǰ裬Ŷ˸㣬һƣʱԶȡĿȨŷ˵꣬ʵһ¡
ֻʱ欣ḧԼ壬ȻͿʼ·
¶ɫϽ˵ͣ쵰ͣӲ˵ˡ
𣿡ŷɫɡ
ģʦ巢ġһʥȴЦʦʲôûмԼʦ
ʱˡŷ絭˵
˶ĿƣһһתתҪߡ
ŷ絭һЦһ
һҽдȻһ˳˹ֱӱŹŷĴȣ磬үҴˣҰɡ
ʱԪ֮Уֻڿһֱʹ࣬޷ܡ
ˣҲʲôʱĶԪĸоȴƽʱǧֻһᣬһ˹ȥ
Ŷ˸㣬ղҲ˿ԿĽƣʩչһЩֶΣԪ̫ģ֮һһ˳ֽʹĸ֪һǧ౶㲻лҽ׷档ŷĵ˵
Ȼ֪׷浽˭Ǵʱȴһ׷ĳ嶯
ǿǳһЦݣȴڰ̾Լ鷳ˣɷǣֱһ֮Ϊߵ顣
ˣڿ·ˣȥֻ档ŷ˵
洹ͷɥǻǵ˵ͷŹŷһ뿪Ϊŷָ·һ浹ûˣ飬Ϊһ򣬶顣ʱŷֻҪһʣܹ֪˵滹ǼٵģɲԼ
ʱĥβܹŷʩչԼϵĽƸϵ
ǰĹеģڹӡֻʣ»ʵʵȷʵ
ŷ棬һжȥ
䡣
Ǹһ·ʱ򣬹ŷȴ͵ͣնΪǿĹԶˡ
д󷨣㾹Ȼҡŷ綢棬ţҪһԵʲô⣬ʡһһ㶼ʵ
ŷĻһϽЦ֪ʲôҶѾ֪û뿪ҵǸطˣϢҪʲô仯һ㶼֪Բǹⲻġ
һ𣿡ŷЦҪ֣һһȻҿԼ
Ȼţôĳʵյ˧С㲻һܹ˭һԼ˵ӣŹŷ硣
ŷΣһﻹǺƤ
˫ӡʱľڴʱһ£ǵصĽӿȫɱ˹
ŷ˸Цһֱӳ֣һȭɢŽɫı⣬ֱӺЩ
˸ðǻҽšһը죬졣


2074 ר޽
һǿߣѪʢһѳ޾âһ˿һƱնϵĴǡ
̷Źŷ磬Ҫһ
쾳۷Ʊ˵˼㣬ȻԸ޵УҲ˿һ콾ʵǿ󣬾ǻ֮һ
ʱŹŷ磬ϱս⡣
ҽŽǺˣʵ˵Լ֣ʹŷ磬Ʊˡ
ţ¸ոս֮ðҽţ¡ŷ˵Է͡
һ۾һҪŷ˵
еˣе飬ûкøУرһݣһǷ֣϶֣ʱҲԳûˡ
ǵҪڵʱȴԼŲ죬޷ŭŹŷ磬һʵ̫ˣȻѾԼˡ
֮еǿߣһսӮңұ˵ȻĻҳ顣˵ŷ֮Ǳǿҵս⡣
Ҳսŷü֦˭֪ӮԷ֮󣬶Էʲô顣
Ҳ߳ŭʱҽſ¶
һܹڻ֮ǿƵɣԲֻһ޵Сһ򣬾һһ棬ǿޱȣֱ׷ǿ̫ˡ
սԼѡ񡣡˵ȻǿƹˣͲŷ뷨
ͬʱղŷֵҽŵҲˣ㹻ʮˣȫ쾳ĿɭȻڹŷϣűɱ⡣
ŷüһ̫Եˡ£ǿǲսĻ߲ġ
뵽ŷ粻ԥֶŽְɡ
¶˷ܵɫһһŷ¡ƺƵնǬʱ֮ת
һں̫ķ򣬷ǳ£Щҽŵ쾳ǿߣȫ¶̾ɫ
ŷ絭һЦдһĨм˫ӡȻһȭ
ֲ֮齣ǰɱʨӡһͷʨ򽣳¡
Ȼͷʨӵпµĸ̲ܵסɫ
ʱս
նʱգʨһ֮С
ŷЦֺգ˳ȥһƬ޾鿪ʼĤݣһϵӡ
նϵʱձ飬ŷĴڽϣķɳȥ
ѪɫȻĶŹŷ磬Ĳš
ʱŷջؽɫȻŽʲôû˵Ϣȴýĵľ
֪ԼˣĺܲҡԷûôʵ㽫ܣŵͬʱȴһ˷ܣۻ򣬷ҽţܹսʤԼ֮ͬˣʵ̫ˣգһ֡
֣ҪͣȴԾԵƻý˷ܵ˼㡣
֪ԼΪʲô𣿡ŷͻȻڡ
ŷĻһ׶ԷҪָԼȻЩŤǽǼ˵ҡ
ǽޣȴר޽֮Уںǧ򣬿ǿʵȴʧȥ˽ľ裬нһ죬ǿķŷ絭˵
Ҳڱ˵ҽŵֽǳƽ⣬ǶԹŷ˵ֽûκв
ʦ֮ϣԱЩ߶Ҫ䡣
רڽ𣿿ҽŵʽȫֵġЩԥ˵
ҽŶˡŷ絭˵󣬵ȴҽŵĵӣǻһ
̶һЩ˴ŭǳʣָŹŷ硣
ŭһСȻҽţɱ
Щɫŭŷѵǻûʲô뷨Ǵʱȴҽű͵һĲֵǷŭˡ
һߵֻŷһ̫ˣҽƴ󣬴޾£ȻļҶӣǿޱȡСӣȻ˵ҽǴģҽǲŭء
浹ϣŷҽͻֻҪŷ类ɵˣԼڵĽƶЧˣǸʱֶΣҪӳȥǷǳ׵ġ
ס졣ڴʱЩҽŵӴ𣬶ʱŵǲһ
ҽһ֮УΪǿĴڣҲһţǸںǳŷ磬ȴҶԽ˿
λ˵Ĳרڽұޣαزֻǣ̨˵ܹ޳ɸ𣿡ŷʵ


2075 
Լŷ絭˵Щҽŵӵŭ
ŷĻɫ΢΢һͣ˼һ£ŷһ֣¶мɫ
ͬʱϢͻȻϵĽȴԽԽˣ˼һ񽣡
ĽϱնһС
ҽŵĵӺȻû뵽Ȼ˹ŷĻɢԼеֻ޽
ʱʵ쾳ȴһֲݺӸо
лָ㣬Ҫչȥˣȥ֣Ͻ˵ɨЩһۣȻ˵˭Ҳ׼λ֡
ŷ΢΢ͷֱ뿪
Ҳ֮УЩ໥һۣȴҲû׷ȥ˽ǸͲǹŷĶ֡
Ƕ뿪֮˳֡
һһŮϵĽ⣬Ȼʵʡ
ŮӶŹŷ뿪ķ˼ʦ֣øղǸˣǲʿ
ǲأܳһˣԲܹΪˣûпĻߵˣӦ棬һÿˣһܹסˣѾܹ׵ˡӵ˵
ȻԹŷۣǳĸߣߵŮӶЩԾ
ܳΪˣѾ˵һС
Ѿ˽һһ֮ɾ͸޵УֻĴ磬ǰȥɡӵ˵
ǡ
Ů˵һӦʧ
ڹŷ磬뿪һξ룬ͻȻµ˵ǿ̬Һûг嶯ȻĻпܱϼһ
ͽֵʱ򣬱ѾܵԱϼһڿ̽ΪԼûбŷ緢֣֪ŷѾǵĴڡ
Ĵɵǿ߷ͻŷԲָ㽣Ľ
Էǻ֮еˣպҲΪˣŷȻ֮һǿС
ɣսԻµ˲
СӺҽϼһſ£ǲǲأֻû뵽㾹ȻܹǵĴڡɫЩ̾
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˵ʲôŭݺô꣬ʲôʱ˳ʲô˸Ƿ
ŷĻʱȻŭ
ڱŷƣֱҪȥ͹ŷƴˡ
СӣһʱܣΪʵ㣬ֽ⿪ڵĽƣܷųҪһŭ˵Ǳˡ
㵱ɵ㻹һʮأģҾԲġŷĵ˵
һﲻʵҪڹŷǰˣ˼Ǿе̫Цˡ
ŷһ۽ëǿյģ˼ɣҪǰˣʲô˼ǸͲܵġ
ŷһƵӣͲΪЩ࣬һβ
һ˵ڹŷ
һ·ǰУֱһɽǵǰ
ҪǰˡʱͻȻе
ŷһϽͣһӣŷһףɽһյء涼¶ı飬Ȼﲻ򵥣ĪΣա
һطֲ̫ˣСӣҲһ㺦ɫѿ
Ļŷ粻ֻǶ棬Ҫ֪ﵽʲôӵһطȻ涼¶ı顣
ʲôطŷʵ
ԻһǸ飬һԹɢγطһأȻ޵н붼ĪΣգʮа˾Ŷ߲ɫأǱĵطɹŷȥգطʵ̫ˣԸӴһ㡣
ʲôŷһ
һԹɢµĵطǾһء
ǰɽ£Ǻܸߴ󣬵ǴʱŷȴһָоȻһµʱ䣬δܹɳǸط
ɽڣȴһһ治ʱеɽϿաŷһһǾȻһһŵľ޴ǳɽ֮ɣȻɽ֮ϡ
һ죬׾ֻԹȻܹľأһ档
ƿɡ
ŷɫأԸС
ҪҪʵĻǿԽȥгǿĴУܹõ϶ܹʵġ


2076 
ŷһһλǿµĴУе㲻š
ԣһǿߣǰ˴УǵõԱȵõֻƬӵáջ˵
һۣŷü֪컯֮⣬δ˵˳ѳȥˡ
컯ֱ˵
ô֪ŷЩɻ
ɫЩΣ˵Ϊطܱ磬ҵһΪȫ棬𣬴ԴɢһǴڣڵһʵȻĻΪһʵһᱻܡ
Ļŷһַֻϡ
Ʒ⣬ʥӿڣãһƺһϢ˳
ʲôһ£ϲֱҪŹŷһڡ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼڵ⼸Ϣ˳Ϊ⼸ϢԭΪڴˡ
⼸صϢ˳ԺΪԻֱϡ
Ȼû˵ѡŷͷȻƵ֮УֱӽǼϢٴδڡλöδ䶯ǰһ
ɵ壬˲
ɴ۾ŷֱҪһ˵ŷղŵľٶıϲ飬ٴն䣬˹ȵס
ôȻ컯ĴУҵǿԽȥŷ˵Ȼֱ˺Ŀռ䣬ɽ֮С
أƾءȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ׼ֱӱ˽
һȻɫѿ˼㡣
ˣˡɫڣ૵˵
Ϊȫڽյֻ棬ƻ޵֣˳ֵ׼֮󣬻ǲһˡ
ڹŷ羹Ȼʲô׼ֱӳ˽ûκ
ŷ翴һۣһӣһȭǰһձ飬ѪɣһǱҪ͵Ϯŷǣȴֱӱŷɱˡ
СģǾޣоϢǿ£Ȼʵǿ󣬵Ǽ͵ϮҲֹһʱҲ֪˵Щʲôˣֻѹŷ磬Լľ飬ŷ磬ܹȫĳȥ
ŷͷǰУͬһ㣬Ȼ濴ĺɫɽ塣ǳ½ԣȻֻ֮󻯳ɵģȴͬһһ㡣
ŷһץȥۣŲͬĵʥⲻͣ˸
ֲóǿߣҲҪˣûʶ򣬿Ա˳򣬶ڹŷ˵һءʹûʲô컯ĴУŷҲ֪ˡ
ֻҪһʱ䣬Щ򣬹ŷʵͻἫҲܹᣬһ¥Ҳ˵
ŷı֣¶̾ɫѾϳˣŷģһĵ·ǵںϣµʥ
Ž֮У߳·ˣʵ̫ˣһǿžĴ֣Ĥݡ
ŷı֣ǸӾޣǿ˲֪١ͻȻһֱǰˣҲܹΪ컯֮󣬵ڶѵǿߡ
ȻҲֻǿܣҲ㹻ˡ٣ʹǿʱ棬Լֿܡ
һһҹʱ䣬ŷվϵϢӵĻˣѪ罭¡¡ΧĴȫˡ
ƣƿ¡һ򣬲ڹŷϣû֮УΪԼһ֡
ŷʵֱ仯ǳԡ
죬ŷ죬գһ𣬽һС
ŷ֮ϣ⾧Өɢű⣬ɫѪʱһ˿ʺ죬֮תȴһָӿµĸо
ǷԴеѪҺȫʺɫ֮󣬱ǹŷʵ֮ա
ʱ䣬濴Źŷ仯Ѿ𾪵ľˣŷ翿ʱ䣬˱Ҳ߲·ʵ̫ˡ
ҵǸˡŷ˵ǰ̤ס棬һһʯ档
ʯƶˣµķģд𶯡
ǳǿµĴУĳѷͻȻۿȴһ㶼ŪסŷֻĿһᣬֱתͷˣһ˵ɡ
һµϢ֣ܹءһѪɫ۵Ӱ֣۾ҲѪģòӢаĵزɢŰϢ


2077 ضԾ
ʲôˣɫȻ֮мǳ飬Щ飬ȴûһεģҶǲбޱȣûǡ
飬ȴһۣȻϢҲǷǳŰվǡЩ鲻һűɫ
־֮Уӵǵ飬ûǵ飬ȫһĸ
档Էڣ˵һ֡
ŷƲƲ죬棬ǹġȻҪû϶һռԼ֡
ֻԹһаѣʲôŷ絭˵ֶһ˫н˸δаϡ
ұǲˣþûǰˣܹо˷ǳǿ⣬ΪҵʳЦ
ƨû˸ҽҵʳءŭ˹ŷһۣ˵Сӣ㽫ҵĽƽ⿪һ
á
ϵǣŷֱͬ⣬һ⣬û֮Уʱо˶ǿ˲˼ĵز
ѹ˼죬ջָΪǿ󣬼ֱҪ쳤Х
ԥ˳ȥͻ漤ս
ֱӱµսΧ飬ʯ𣬷ͷųһصסһУסǬǵļսὫ顣
ŷûٹ֮˫ֽӡͣʯ֮У̽Ѱʲô
ʱʯ⣬ͷųһµҪסŷȥ̽Ѱ
ߡ
ŷһǵ⣬Ȼ̽Ѱ
һӰڲͣʯϵһͷɵ꣬ӢΰޱȣȴһµİͬһΪߴħɽһ㣬ɺ
ŷ۲ʱǸǲʲôվ޾ʱգŷӡ
һ˰ҪѹǬ
ǵӰӡɱ
ŷҲ֣ԽʱĳϣǸһ
䡣
ʱ䳤ӱ飬ǵӰɢһȴһս
һ㡣ŷ˵ԷԼ
һ޵ˣĿ˵ǹŷľУĹʱʵǿĲ
ǹŷ޾壬ֻҪǳǿߣӭһսš
һߵ𺳣ͬʱնԾͬʱԼս˺ôǡǰǸˣҲʶڻ֮оΪĴڡ
Ǹ棬Ҳ¶ηɫǸɢӰ˳֮֡ǰǸˣһֻѹ䣬һ
ֱڣȻܹȴһ뵽һĻȻľֶ·ӵĳ嶯
ӡ֤Լ뷨ŷתǸ档
ɫͻȻһֲõԤС
һ̣ŷ֣һֻѹ䡣ɫҪȴŷһ統һǸǿߣһֻѹ䣬飬һ䡣
ʱѪŭһѪըڽŷĴ΢ͣһ£Ȼ㻯һѪ
ŷûǽĿ档
汾ߵģŷı֣ʵվȸղűŷƵʱ򣬸ʵ
кףʱŷʵѾһ˼ĵزˡԼڹŷǰȻҪߣôס
ȿȣСʲôЦ˵
ô㡣ŷ˵
һЦȿȣİɣҾԲ͸©ݵġ
ҲšŷҡͷһͲӡ
㻹ǿҰɡֱ˵
кŷǲԼֻɵԼԣΪԼС룬ùŷƵıȽϺá
ϾһֻҪţ޵ĿܣҪǱɵˣʲôûˡ
޾£һǱȽġ
ŷ֣׾ٵٴν档Ƭ̵֮ٴαŷˡ
֪Ҫȥô׵ģʵղǸֱӳȥ
ûаգûҵʯڳȥʱܵ˿µĴһ
ڵ棬ûʵ¾ƴΪȫٵҲӳȥ
ŷͲһˣĵʵҲе㲻統棬ֶξˣһ壬ҪȥǺѡ
뿪ŷ˵棬ֱһϹȥǳڣ߳ط


2078 ϵ
û߳ԶŷܵµĴ
һŴǻΣһѿµֱն䡣ϢƵȸղŵǸʲӻ棬ǿ˲֪١
ŷһȭʥϢȭͷ뵶ײ϶ͬˣ֮У޾ĵâ
ǿĶŷ̾
ʵڵ쳣ֲ
ȻּǿǰҲҪ˱ܣѽս
͡
ڹŷ̾ʱ򣬽գն棬ضǬ
ǿ̺֮ǻԣ޾ѹһС
ŷüķ⣬罣ն齣һǿսײȫɳȥ¡
澪̾ŷֶ̫ˣȻ꣬Ҳˣǿŷһ㡣
һ̣һѳǹζʱ֮תתһУһС
ŷȣһУʱ֮ȫˣ˻ȥ
ʱǹΪʱ֮ζ챦ǿ˼㡣
ָŹŷ磬ȻҪȥ
µıУȻ涼Ѫˣһ㱻ɱʱŷҲܵµѹ
ÿŷûж֣ܹожǣ˼
شûùŷ綼ò˿ûӲ
ֻǸѣҲҰΪ𣿡ŷ˵һ壬һģһĹŷֱ֣г˹ȥ
һսڹŷս޵еǿߡ
ǹŷֶǿƣֱӺɱдĲͣİһϡ
һ㶼⣬˵ʱĹŷʵһµĵزȻû֮ǰҲѹ
һ壬ʵ̫̬ˡ
ǣϣŷ羹Ȼľٴһµĸ߶ȡ
󣬹ŷ֣սС
ķǳ࣬ȾѪ˿ڡ治⣬ǻĻŷռϷ磬ΪҪջطԼˡ
ǸֻһˣԳȥҪ뵥սҲҪһ˳ȥŷ𣬻ƽѪһʺ죬ȻۣͷųܣȴΪ¡
ۡ
ŷϱնһ޴˿ڣҲ֣˫ֽȭӡ档
ԡ
챦絶Ȼˣһ㱻ŷɷ۳
Щѵĵںһ»ǳ
һ̣ŷ֣ʱǹȻʱ֮תҪŷĵطҲãʱǹϣһʱ֮ʧ
͡
ǿսնһ㽫ŷˡŷѪⷢ⣬ٺһһֻֻһ쵶ݺݵնǿս档

һ죬ǿս۶ϣսһһƬǿգʧ
µıһն棬ٵĴ֮ȫĥıԴʱȴŷȫѹ׻ܣ𾪡
Ҫ˵ŷ۷ʱڵսһ㶼ţҲĴսȹŷߣһ
ŷֱһսʥߣֿµֶΣ񱩵Ĺֲս־Ĳ
Ȼߵ޵һս⣬ҲҪ
ߡ
ŷһ棬һֱ̤뿪
ɫţǺʲôħһ㡣
˲䣬뿪ءڴʱһֻ̽ŷץ˹
ֿ£ƿһС
ŷһѽ˳ȥȻתԿֻ֡
ȫ֣ضˣһƬ򣬳ΪһƬ硣һ̣ŷ֣ȫǽɫѪһ棬˲Ϣ
֮һɽ֮ͣסŷһѪ
ղʲô𾪵˵
ϵߡŷ˵ɫѿղǸ֣һ˲㽻˲֪ٴΡŷ缸þͨǳȻˣҲˣѪֱ
ִ˵еĴڡ澪
ϵߣ֮һĴڣһĳ֮Ĵܣϵߡ
ִڣܹѣǿԪ˳֮⣬ܵСҲΪһ㣬ܺϵߵıԴԲø࣬
ǣȻˣĺϵҲ̫ˡĴܣһĸ˭ҲԸѵĻᡣңֻܹϵ΢е㲻ͼ㲻ᱻϿɡ
ԣϵȻӵͬһִڣȴٵĿ
˭Ҳû뵽һоȻкϵߣӹ˻ĸ֪ڻ֮С


2079 ڹ
֮Уһϵߣ⵹Щ⣬ϵߣΪʲô֣һ֣ĻǸҲ䡣üͷ治˵
ϵߵʵͬҲһ𣬵ҲԲǡϵһҲһһСڶǿԿ϶ԱһҪǿ
ɣɱǸǲǾΪϵиǣϵǸŷоһ
ʲôôü
ɱϵҲʧ˵Բһֵø˵顣
Ϊѡŷ絭˵
ŷĻʱȻϵ߱Ͼ߾磬гѣЩϵߣôܸģ϶ҪʵǸ߷塣
ΪﵽǸ磬볬ѣѾܽˣ˵ֻһ㴰ֻֽҪͱƣǱĳѡ
ֻǣһʧȥǸᣬ޷ӵгѵʸԣҪģҪ
ϵ߲֣пָԼϵ¾ҪƽԼ
ֻղųֵӣȻƣȴδܹѣʧȥϵս˵
û˭ΪԼʧܣߵһǿߣһʮ㣬ǻңҲԼлᣬһŷ絹Ǻ⡣
ЩǿߣǿߵĽǲΪԼ޷Ϊѣʮ㡣
ȻȻҪѣûеôסٸղųֵǸϵߣ;볬Ǹ磬кܳ·ҪߣҲԶ޷ͻơ
ˣЩûйϵһҪȥֻ档ŷоһ
ŷĻɫһ࣬Ц˵Ҳͬܲܲȥ
أŷЦʵ
ЦһȻǲˡɫѿ뵽ʲôµһ
㵽׺ֻ֮ʲôϵŷʵ
Ȼ²⣬վҪ׿ڳϣܹ϶
˹ŷһۣƵ˵ֻҵӣΪ׷ѰǿȥУڵңҶûлͷԺģһҪΪ֮ϳԽңȻɵҡ
Ļŷɴ۾ֲ治ȥֻ棬Ȼԭ
һתٺһЦ̫ˣ㻻ֻƬԽԽаˡ
ҿ쳣һҪŷһָһʵ̫޳ˡ
Ҳôȥֻصĵطġ˵쳣ļᶨ
ң֮⣬һǳأ˾֪ŷ絭˵Ѿܵ˳ǳصĴڣȻ治˵ҲҲˡ
ŷĻֱһҪץĳ嶯
ŷȴƣһס棬һ˲Ǹǳء
ǳΰǧȻŷ綼о𺳡ĳǳǰԵ̫Сˣ㲻ʲô
ʮɸߣڹ˸ѾɺԵѪ档ȻѪѾɺˣԾȫɢǹŷȻܹܵһڸǿߵѹЩɺԵѪڸ޵еǿߡ
һѪҺ޷ºۼ
ʶһ㣬ŷ̲סһȣʵ̫ǿˣֻһǳضѣȴľˡ
ˣĶУҲϢǳ
Щ˶ǿʵ죬Ѫأ˾
̫ˣȻŷ綼̲ס̾
ŵʿӿ֮䣬µͷųЩ쾳ǿߣһСͷĿһĴڣʵ쾳۷壬ǽ֮ϣŷ绹ܵ޵еǿߵϢ
ڹǡ
濴ǳ̲֮ס̾˵
ŷ翴һۣȻ֪ǳصġ
֪Ϊʲôڹ𣿡ŷʵ
ŷҡͷȻ֪
ڹڻ֮УǰʮĴ֮һ㿴ЩɫʯͷʵʯͷԭǺɫģǸ޵ǿߵѪȾ棬ʱ䳤ˣΪɫˡ͵
ôĳǳأҪٸ޵еǿߵѪŷˡ
ҵս֣Ǹʱ򻹷ǳСʱڹڵĳճһȺ޵У͵˼սʮ޵սѪڳǽ֮ϡ̾˵
һսҲμˣŷһ
δһսɱǸطͬܲңٸ޵мսеط˷棬ٸ޵Уֻʣ²ʮоҡ浭˵


2080 
ǿĻ򣬾ȻҵսȻǴӮˣԲŻнĻ
һ棬ѣûпԱġ
ǿ󣬵ҲСͬʱ磬ǰѪղʵڵǿ
뵽һ㣬ŷɫӼᶨţԼ˵Ŭ֮£磬ҲͬһǿƣԽ
ŷϵϢ仯Щȣ֪ŷ뵽ʲô̬Ȼ˺ܴһԾ
˵֮ǰĹŷ磬Ȼᶨվһ㯣ǴʱĹŷ磬ȴκε㯶ʧʣµģֻбʤĺͼᶨ
ǽڹǣЩʿѹǣŷܹоԼɨȴϢתΪ֮еϢȻԸ޵еľ磬ҲδܹοЩʿǵʵǺǿ
ǽУֵ˼㡣ҲͬʱǳʢȫڽַͷǿϢиͷųǿ̲סϼۡ
ŷ磬Ȼʶܶ౦ǴʱҲ̲סЩ
һֳ嶯ҪЩȫߣ֤ܹʵ
ŷ۾Щˣоֶܶƽʱһ۵ģǹŷȴȻЩ˱
ڽֱ߽ģûкöûɣʵ̫ˡ̲ס˵
ĻŷһۣȻ˵㶮ƨЩȫǺöܹ˵磬ǵʵźܴ
ʲôЦЩ쾳֮϶ò쾳µˣܹսעʲô治˼ĶŹŷ硣
Щȥ쾳֮µʹã쾳֮ϵˣûʲôôģοЩ޵С
Ļŷ̲ס̾Ϣһ˵Ϊǻ쾳ǿߣδسԽһٸ
Ŵ֪ͣȴû뵽Ȼز쾳֣һٸôġ
Ҫ֪һ棬û㹻סᱻԡʿ磬ͨ˸Ӳпᣬȫûʲô£ֻ㹻һС
ԣһСҪѹ֮УǷǳ顣
𣿡ŷЦЦ
ʵϣǵĴĸ֣ĨɱһЩ飬Բ
ңȻˣҲû˸С硣
֮УΨһһ߳ǿߵ棬Ȼû˸Сԣ֮дأеô򵥡
⵼˺ܶ˶ܾηͬʱҲҪѰǸܣҲԳѳȥ
һ컯Ĵпܶ˱ǰȥˣⲢʲôռĴܣȻ컯ĴУҪɾͳѣȴܡԺܶ˻ţǸܣûб֣Ȼ֮С
ԣܶȻ硣
޷Сһ磬һֱڵڵġ
ʵ粢ŷ̾Ϣ
¶ɻɫǹŷȴûٽˡ
ǰУһŵ쳵֮н䣬ǿϢ˷ɢȥܶʿȫɳȥֻǽ͵Ȼпµ
ŷҲУȻһͷҲ൱ÿɫ࣬Ǹŷ쳵ղǶܵļʱѾ쳵ѹˡ
쵰̲סһ䡣
󵨡
ϳһӢ꣬ɫУޱȣȻһ쾳۷Ĵڡ˵ʵӽڸ޵Уһĸ޶ҪǺס
Ļǳ⣬ͬʱеıӣֱӳ˹Ҫϡ
Ĺ˸̺ǿȻһ޵УҲױСοڵ棬ʵǺǿŷѹƵ˻ʼ磬͵סһޡ
澪ŭҪܣȴѾˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷ֡һץסǸӣе̣ȴ޷˹ŷƤ
һתֱӱǸӡ
ʲôϳӱɫû뵽ԷȻҵסԼĹһסԼıӡ

ȣĿⶢŹŷ磬ɱȻ
Ӿŷ쳵ŷ߹ȥǿϢشƣѹŷ硣
Ȼ׼ɱŷ磬Լϡ
Ӹֶӹŷ磬̧һֻ֣ŷĶͷȥҪֱӻɱԪ


2081 
ָ⣬ƣµ˼㣬ܹٻء޾ɫƣ졣֮䣬ֻһָͷĴڣΪصġ
ܶ˾̫̾ˣʹ޵УҲ࣬㹻ǿƿ£ԻһС
ͬŷ磬϶סΪǷ֣ǰ꣬Ҳֻһ쾳۷ĴڣȻܾͬޣǲоŷ쳵֮ϵ¡
ֻЦûб˽ŷʵҪɱûôס
Ǹָͷڹŷϵʱڶˡֻһָŷ쳵ϵָͷˣɳȥһǽϣųƼ̲ǽ壬ҲֱӱˡڿѪ֮еĹͷ֪˶ٸ
ĶŹŷ磬ڿһһ
֮ͬеˣָ佫ˣ˼ֱ֮еʵֲ̫ˡ
ŷ쳵ǸԼ˾УԷǿʵĸ޵УҪһĸ޵ǿơ
һָͷɼݳ꣬ŷת׼뿪
ŷ쳵ˣ쳣ǿ󣬹ŷܵϢǿԺԼǿߡ
档һȵ
üͷһ壬վɫ֮дһĨ⣬žŷ쳵Ŀ䣬һ
ۣû뵽㻹ûȻ֮У˺ջ𡣡˵
㲻Ҳû˵ŪһʲôأֻҪ룬ȫɱû뵽Ȼڹ㡣һֻǲ䣬кøУģ˲
쳵򿪣һһ߸ߵСˣ˳
ŷһ£֪ΪʲôԷۡⲢɺϣǴˣһ鱦õľ顣ʯһ֮ӡ
ˣܸߣ츳ǿ˼㣬һ̤ĵ·Ϳ϶ܹ߷壬ڰϱնɱ
ۣʯõΪ˽죬ѾǷ켫µ˼㡣
ߣ淳ˣԳ䣬û뵽Ȼ˵ǻ˵
ڵĴĺܲԸⱻ˿Ǵʱȴһ˵޵е϶ͷܹŭ
ĵĿ˹ŷһۣҪܹԼķ⿪ǿԺһ
۲ֻǲͣش棬βžȵ˵һΪȻ˷ˣҲɱĺʱ򡣡
۴Ц˼
ɵԼ϶ͷζ飬û뵽ȻҪˡ
ŷӣͷԼ
ͷҵķ²ҪǲҪʹҰŷ粻ˬغ
ʱǲŷֹŷĴڣЦһ˵һ²ˣϽ
ŷԼıӣѵԼþһӵӣȻĻôһ㶼Լ
ҪԼķ²Լ̫ˡ
Ҫǲأŷ練ʵ
һ
۵˵Ȼһ߶ߣȴϡһ仰˵ڹǶڲ
ʱ޵ǿߵѹµ˼㡣
ܶʿĤݡ
ֻһЩΪǿĴڣܲܵѹӰ죬ֻɫأ򣬳˾衣
еվסˣΪȻ쾳ֻл߾ķԣҪסѹǷǳѵ顣
ڣŷ緢ľȡֱӴһ⣬滤סˣһ
һҪۣ۸һСҼΪĵˡ󺰵
һһ⣬˵н֮Уûг˭ʵǿ˭˵ľе棬㲻᲻һɡ
ߣЩаĻ쵰ԼƭԼϣġߺ˵
УҲˣΪҪˡЦ˵
Ҫɱңƾ㣬ҲǲӣҸ˵ֻҪߣƾ㻹ûɱҵ͡Ц˵
΢۾۶Źŷ磬ʵʲôˣ
һǲˡ濴˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ЦȻ˵ڻ֮Уûҵﲻˡ
۵Ļŷ絭˵֮⣬ﲻˣţ
ŷĻӲǿƵ˼㡣
֮еǿ߰Ȼһһۣ˶ãһսҲɱ⡣


2082 ս
ۺεǿƣ컯飬һȡʵ죬֮УǼΪġ
棬ǰʱ죬ʵƿ£Ǹʱ۱Ķ֣Ȼ棬棬ȴҲ޷ô
ʱ治֪Ϊʲôԭʵ͵زһֱǿƣʱǻ֮ǿߡ
֮Уǿƣ˭ҲţһС۵Ķ֡
˵СȻ˲񣬾ȻеˣҪΪ򿰳֮еĵһ棬ܹˣûʵȻӣҲֻЦ˵
ְɡ
ŷƽޱȣۣ֣
֮˸дŭŷ̬ȣܵһֳӣв
֪ˣѾûٸԼ˵ڣһСȻҲӦԼ
۳֣ûκԥֻҪնɱŷ磬˭Ҳ˵һǰӰһʱȴȳ֡
ԶʤΪΪܣʤ߲Զᱻڸ
֮嫺ֲ죬ѹһС޾۵ָƣջһִͨѹŷ硣
ͨѹ䣬Ǭһŷѹ
Žµڳʿܲסͣصˡ
ң·飬ȻӳǿзػҲãΪ̫ǿˣܣԽһĸ޵С
ΪǳˣĤݡҲɫɷףͣصˣ˳ǳء
ڹҡ۵֮в
ŷûκζվ˶ãӦɵˡϾܣĸ޵УĻ˭ܹ⣿
ŷϵΪ쾳۷壬Ǹոս룬ʵͿⲻۡ
ǳ֮Уĸ֣ǶӣԷеԥ
ڹǵλǵĹ涨ǲڳǳ֮дսģǴʱȴûг
Ϊ۵ƺʢǲ
ۻɱǸСҲȥѯʡ
գ۲ˡ
۵ͨµʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˣûκֻͨµһȭ⣬ͷųֲѪգѹڹǡ
á
Ĵɫõĸо
ǵ͹˹ŷ磬Ϊʵۣܿǹŷһ֣ǱԼˡ
ּĸ֣սĻڹǲ
ֱӳڹŷǵϿգֽŷǵܶס
ʱ򣬹ŷ֮Ĺˡµɨ֮䣬һжˣȫĺ
ˡ
飬緭ȫ
ȻĴҲܵµѹ˲ͣĵˣվûбǵķ
ĴһۣܹԷصĺȻ۵ʵȻ˵ˣǹŷʵȴе㳬ǵȻĿսۡ
ŷ绤ס棬ͷŲϢһȫϣɫĮۣһĨ
Ưͬ˿δԶԣɫȴǳѿһ֮£Ȼδѹһ˼ͬʱиǷŭ
Ѿ˵ˣֻҪߣͲܽôЦ۵֮УǷ̡
ϣ۳֣ĻŷͿնɱۡ˵һ޵УȻһ¡
ŷʵһ壬ȫۣͷ֣նɱۣһ¡
ԣϣۺ͹ŷ֮ġ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣɫЩ޾֮ǰһֱѹƣڶԷˣȻռôԷŵһѹƣŭֱһҪ쳤Хĳ嶯
û̶֣֮Уһ߶೤壬ȴ޾ϣ˲ֱӡ
ºˣȻʵ֮УҲ֮ɡ˵쳣ɵȻܹܹŷ磬ҲˡˣĿɽɱǰˣҲܵӿµ˵׷ϡ
֮Уǿ̫ˣȻΪ֮Ĵ۶ҵ
СţʦӦ˵졣ŷ絭˵

̲סɫǰˣȻͷ
һ̣ĿһͻȻǳԣ㲻ˣǾۣĵӣŷ磬ֵǾ۵֡
˻һĴһ䣬Źŷ磬űɱ⡣


2083 ֻص
ս˼֮е飬Ĵ֮е飬ǽ֮Уᱻɡ
ԣ֪ŷ֮ĴϵϢ
Ƿţǹŷ磬ֺֻСʦܵ˶ѡŷ絭˵ţվɫƽ
Ǻǣֻ˵ֻһӣʲôʱֶһӡЦҪ֤ʵŷݣĻĴҲԼһ֣ѹŷ硣
һʲôѲʦʲô鶼Ҫ֪УŷͻȻɫǳ
ۣȻ˵ķϲģҵĶ֣ʦ飬٣
˵ʲôŹŷ磬ɱ
˵һŷЦ
ĴӣЩò׼ˡǰǹŷ磬ǿ£ǹŷ磬ǽ£ڵеˡ
Ҳ죬֮еǿߡ
Ͼһܹɳһˣ˾ޣû˵Ļǲء
۴ŭһµɱϱһѰգŷֶ¡
һ޷ͣ˵ֵĻȻᱻ˳Ц
һߵ壬ʱһƬ̣ɣһȣǳը飬Ǭѡ
̹ɽޱȣѹÿһϢԿѹһŹǡ
ŷȣſһƽ⣬ģϢȻ֣ѪƬءһʺĹſµתǰɱȥ
ŷ˫ֽӡʩչչ
һ̣ŷһ飬ԣſµս
ǧϰͨһ˲ײըӰȴ˱ը֮Сۻ˴Сŷս
ײĴһ֣ڹǶҪˡǾ໥һۣʵ̫ǿˡ
䡣
ŷ绯һȭ
ת赲ŷȭͷǾڴʱŷ绯һӣ䣬ͬս⣬лһɨ

һ죬۵ɳȥһּƣⰵ
һĻĴȻǰŵ̫ڿˣ۶Ƕ֡ս֮£˶Ķ֡
Ǿã˶ĶӷţʲôۡΪǾۺͷţǵʵ㹻ǿƣ˸ͲðˣǶԼĽ
ףڹŷ˵ͲںЩѵˡ
ۻˣŷûأ˫ֽӡԼȭͷҳȥ
䡣
ٴκɳȥڱѪ˻ѾעҪսˡ
úãɵ쵰ԶЦ˷ܡ
һֱۣһ⣬Ҫɱ
ŷûг֣Ĵȴˣס۵Ĺ
ħɷҪʲôѵҲҪֹɱ𣿡ɫģŸղųֵǸ
ھ㡣ħɷޱ飬˵
赲ɱˣھҺ֮дøϵΪʱɱԺ͸ˡЦ˵
ħɷһۣ˵Ǹ˵Ĺϵˡ
ɫһ䣬̲ס˵ֻ棿
ħɷͷûٿڡ
ҺֻûйϵǲҪҺǸŮ˴һ𡣡治ˬ˵
ĻħɷЦһӦõֻǰ˵ֻȫ˶֪Բֻ档
ŷŹֵĿ棬Щ
ߣЩһֱ׷ɱңҾǶԲҲӦǳˡЦ˵
Ȼ˵ɫ֮УȴԵЩ飬Ȼв˵̹Ȼ
⻰òҪʦħɷɫӱˡ
ƻһħɷһֻͽܡ
ҲˣֲħɷֹԼɱƣֻĵӣƿ˵ʦˡʵϣ֮е˶ףֻȻҪɱ棬жа˭Ҳ֪ǻ᲻Ḵϡ
Դ֮תԼͷʱ򣬹ŷ纷Ȼ
͵ϮͣĴۣ˲ϴϰȭ
ۡ
۱飬ɵ壬ֱըˡԪ˻𣬳ƣ񶾵Ŀ˹ŷһۣתӡ
ŷҪᣬۻɱʱĴҲӦǸϽ֣ס˹ŷĹ
ߡ
ŷһһֻѹ䣬ֱĴ


2084 
Ĵ֣񵲹ŷĹײǿڹǡ
ŷ絹ˣ𣬵һ̣ȴ˳ȥ׷ɱ۵Ԫ
ס֡һ˵һ˫Уħ˸Ǵ˵֮ţɭȻϢסˡ
ħͫħͫˡ̲ס
ħͫأпµħƵŷ綴ȥ
ŷ粻òͣסתӣ˫ֽӡȻһȭ
䡣
һ죬ŷ絹ɳȥδˣֻǲ۳ˡ
ʱҲʧ
ħͫһһ˫ѪȻܵش
˺ȻҪ֪ħͫһ˫ħͫޱȣһĸ޵жӲ±شǴʱŷһȭӣʵ̫ˡ
ߣȻΪĵӣţħ㽻֡Ĵٴ߳һˣɫ֮Щŭ˵껰ֱ֮ŷչ˹
ŷɫ䣬ûжֻͨʩչһȭѡ
ħͷһһͣŷѹ¡
һﻯѵ
ŷȻħģǳ⣬˵һ˵һ
һﻯѾﵽһַǳµĵز
ŷûжĻֻоԵһȭֱӺ黯С棬ɫѪڣһĨʺ죬ҫ۵˼㣬ʺתͷųµŷ
һĨʺ죬ȴеĽɫѪһҪֲһȭط·Ҫˡ
ڹǲһ顣
ħһ赲ŷĹ
ǣһжͽͣھԵ֮£ͨȫŷ顣˿̣ŷһףΪϲһС
򾳽磬һеһУֻΪǸҪ죬ͨʲôģòֻоԵſ˺
һ֮󣬹ŷӴҵԼԺ·
䡣
ŷٳ֣һȭ
ħĲҽһɳȥɫȻŷղŵͻȻ󣬳ĳܷΧ
Եо˸
ҲԶĴܣȻ֪ŷʩչʲôֶΣû뵽Թŷľ磬Ȼܹһ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ħĸСħɷҪվħȴ֣Ӣޱȣ쳣ΰһ˫ӿ֮䣬޾սⱬ
ְɡ
ŷ絭˵ܹоǰ˵ʵǿˣһߣùŷһȤ
ˣʵľ磬һˣŷȻҪһս
䡣
ħ֣ǿǬһȭǳ޹⣬ʱյͣˣ޷ת
ǾԵѹһС
ŷɫ֣ͬ˳嵽һ𣬼˲䣬㽻Ρ
ͬʱˣħǣȴһĨѪɫȻǱŷˡһĻħ̲סȻ
ħ֮ΪǿĴڣʵԾѹǵģǺ͹ŷһսȴȫǶ֡
ŵǿߣʵ̫ˣЩϵĸ޵Уս֮£ǶǶ֡
ħȴ¶ɫЦһٴγ˳ȥ
˽֣ײͬһ㣬̲ס𺳡
˵̫ǿˣ֮붼Ҫһĸ޵ˡʱ֣ɵС
ûй೤ʱ䣬ɫǺȻķ֣ħ䳹·硣
Źŷһȭħֱӱ˵档
ŷ縺ֶվ֮Уɫ֮г˰Ȼ
ħˣŷܡĴ֪ŷղˣȻģղһԷħ塣
Ӵ֮гħŷ񣬴һ˿
ܹ˲٣֮ϣܣ˾̫ˣûС
ŷղź֣ѹһΣȫüɽܡħķڷʲô˵
ħɷҪ֣ȴסû˵ҪСӴأֱܹӴԾԵƣѹΪĶ֣
ʲô˶¶Ȼɫ
ĴΪԼءʵϣ֮УʲôΣգкϾǿߣ֪һЩ˲֪š
ȴû뵽ȻˣܹǸطǿƵĴ
ʵʵ̫ǿˡ
ǵ͹˷ŵˣҲԲǾۣȻǾԲзŵʵħֱӶԡ


2085 
ħĻ˶ͬҲġŷսأȻԸɱ޵Уǵս֮£ҪѹǣǺס
ţǿƵľˣʵǿѹƵǶ
±ͲСʦܡŷ絭˵ȴڰЦЩһ֪Լأô෨ʵ
ҲЩңǰĻŷᱻϳ
սЩ޻˵Լͣǹŷ硣
ղŵıȶֻһʱ֮Ѽ¡ħŷǸ
ǼֵܣҲֻҪԷѵʵѣһȥμһʢᡣħɷ˵
ŷһЩԥ˵ҪȥȥμֻĴ硣
ⲻͻʦĴ磬ҲȥǰȥȻȱϯҪȥĵطѵʱ䲻̫ħɷЦ˵
ֻĵӣ˵Ļŷ絹š
Ȼŷ粻ٵģʵʲôʢ磿
ǲ˵ȥǸطɣһͻȻ̲ס˵
ȻѾ֪Ҫȥʲôط
ֻҪѳ֣ǸѲǵġħо˸˷ܵ˵
ֻҪܹõǸǵʵһ¥ʱŵѣҲԽǸʵħͫЩ˵
ԷŵѵʵֻҪϳ֣ǿ϶õһʱܲħҲЦ˵
ǵɫǳڴһ˵ŷͻȻЩëˡ
öﶼô׵õģ϶ҪѺܴҪĶֻƬʲôĶ
˵ȴˣʵԵõǸӦȥһ¡
ʲôŷ̲סʵ
һ飬֪ʲôʱģĴǳػÿʮ꣬һΣǿߵõ򡣡͵
𣿡ŷʵ
˵ͷɫ࣬˵һܹһ޵еĸ֣Ҳ²ⲻĻħĺħĹӦþǴİɡ
ǱĶģħɷõһ飬򣬲ڵĳɾ͡ħĵͷ
ŷ翴һۣ̲ס˵ҲǺ
Ĵȫȴ޷Ǳ˵ֻǾ֮ԱǣǹŷȴһʵԶԶǿղŸֱӻǡڹŷУǲǿʵġ
Ҳֻ˵ǲǿЦ
۷ʱڵΪ϶Ķ࣬Ϊٵֱ֮ŷƣˣ˵һܹսʤʵѾ˵Ǻǿˡ
ŷ翴ϣΪԼ̫̬ˡ
ѣ㲻ҲһֹΪʵϣǶΪ˽ѣ·Ѿߵ˼ˣͲܻ·ˡħĿЦ
һ£ŷڵͷãҴӦǳ֣ҲҪӦһ
˵ħǴϲϽ˵
˶֣᲻Թҡŷ˵ǷǳҪģԼʵԲ޵УɨеǾԲܵģǰһк
İɣѣǾԲˡħɷǸϽ˵
ҲףԹŷսȻǿ󣬵˭Ҳ˵޵СϾĴǳأ޵еǿߣʵǺܶ࣬ߣҲ
˲ǿ󣬹ŷʤˣǸˣʧˣȻҲʲô֡ϾǲսһʤϣûС
ʲôŷѯʵ
ܼ򵥣ÿһǳأɳһֳսʤˣĵħɷ˵
ԭǺܼ򵥣ʵǿˣҲƣϾҪǴҶ֪ǸǿĻ϶ȳ֣Ǹǿ˵
Ͼ޵еǿ֣Բһܹסġ
ˡŷͷ
ʲôʱʼ仰档
ʱ䡣ħɷش棬ȻΪԼʦԭЩˬվ񣬱ϾʦˣʦȻڿһӣǵôû˸˵Լ˽⡣
ʱ䣬㹻׼ˣЩҲ֪ҪֵϢʱͲ׾һֲо˸
ŷЩֵĿһۣ̲סʵȥ̨ôʲô
ȻҪˣҲʱҾܹŵýˡ˵


2086 ħ
ħɷһ£Ϊŷѣȴû뵽澹Ȼǹŷķ²
ֻǿǵӣһķ²ʤߣΪΪѹƣ͹ŷ̸֮ûκεһȵĸо
Ҫȥֻ棬һ飬˳ץ棬͸ֻŷĴ͡
ԭĴȻȻһĨͬ顣
õ棬ĻĶǿߣʶһȻһסˣ֪һǳơ
ߣʲôҸǣסˣǶˣȻ۷ʱڣҲδؾܹսʤ˵
ʲôĴ𾪣ǶһۣԷеľ;
ŷ۾֮У˻ȡǶû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿƵһǿߡ
۷ʱʵǼֱ޷󣬵׹ŷġ겻Ѫ֮г˳һܹоԲŻ𾪡
һ޾µϼһʵĻǵûʲôоˡ
˵еˣû˵ôǿŷҡͷ˵ħɷǣȴùŷǫ飬һǿߣԼĽرԶĿǿߣˡ
Լʵˣɱءǣһһ㣬ͱԷʵȴǺǿ
Ҳһ㶼浭˵
ʱλ϶Ļħ̲סЦзǻʲô
һȻǵġħɷҲ˵
ħͫħĶһۣܹԷеļ
ŷ⻹ûбأԼûôǿģ⼸˵Ǻãһʮӣ쳣֪˵Щʲôˡ
ȥЪһ°ɡ˵
ĴŷӦʱԼ˹ŷ磬ǸϽ˵롣
뿪ȴ֪ǣ۱֮Ǳ˻ǵĶԻȫ˶֮С
ЦĴ͹ŷȣʱĴˡȫ˸ղ˼һ
ߣҪȡ飬ûôףʲôŵĴڣһǳصˣʱһҿǸôȡʤȻʧڹ֮С
ڹŷ磬ѹͲ֪۾Ȼǵ̸ȫˣʱȥͨ籨ȥˡ
֪ĻǵҲԸȥۡ
һ˽˳ﲢݻǷǳӣõĶ֮⣬ûбĶ⵹ùŷеˣΪڹǵĳȻ˼ӣе޷
ͷ˵ߡ
ִ߲ҵǾãŪأЩƫִˡŷ絹вͬĿ
ҲǣҵȷʵûǸȥڣһԵɣʵϣڹеʿҪҲħЦ˵
ŷ΢΢ЩȣоȻбԭأǵ˼ȻʮҪ
ֵܣһ̰ڹʿܳʱһħͷ뿪ģЩ˷ҪǸΪǸħͷȷʵûиɵǸħͷԾˣ˭֪һôꡣħ̾˵
ǲ˵ǶħɣɫŹ֡
ʦ֪ħɷȡ
澪ȵ˵ħʵ쳣ǿǵӦֻħɷǸ޵УȻħˣֱ˼顣
ŷ磬̲סȣһ涼̾ˣ϶ǸΣ߽ӽǸεˣȻĻô𾪡
ħɷǣһ޵УȻͻһһʵе㲻˼顣
ϾħɷҲֻǱһĸ޵УҪǿһЩѣЩΪĸ޵ս
ǵǼһﱻŵˣȻˡħɷЩ˼˵
ƴһ޵֮еĶڣɴ˿ɼսײҵʲôزҲˣǻɹŷˣƴûá
ħϧһǰʱһֱңֻû뵽Ȼϧزǽһսҡġ
ΪһǿߣȻϧزе벻ͨԷΪôġ
Ϊһǿߣûη֮ģǸͲе顣
ôŷ̲סʵ
֪ħʧҲûϢҲпˡħɷ²⡣
ЦȻΪ⣬ħӦñֻظɵˡ˵


2087 ۸
ʲôħɷǳԾ
Ǵûһ㣬ħᱻɵֵֻģôܣ
ħСرʵǿ̫ˣʹǵ֣ҲĶ֣һħҲƴˣɱǣûģҪɶħǺֶΣǸʱǿߣһǵ֮Ц˵
Ҳ˵ħôûǵ鷳ΪɵǵʵΪʦ𽫶ħɵˣԲôİħɷ²⵽
ͷ̾ϢʦǸˣ춹ģ˲֪飬м֪ĺá
ħɷɫ֮ЩЩЩմմţȴû뵽ȻԼʦ鷳
ȻֻƵĲ²⣬ǽǵô龰Щ²⻹Ǻܿ϶ġ
ֻ֣ǿѾħɵˡ
ħСҲֻԶԵģȻԸƴһսȥɵС
ҵȾ֮ܣԴô꣬һﾪ˰ħ̾
˶ɵӣ΢һ֮£ܹóۡ
ֻ棬ǲôȡ
мĻͲ˵ˣǾѯֻأҲϵģţú۷壬Ƕֻصһֻرɡ浭˵
ǡ
ͬʱ˵
ŷվһߣ̲סֻܹ̾ôӵһˣ磬û̫ƫĻֻƬпҪġ
ʵڲУֻܹǿˡȻҪһǿУֻƬһ׵顣
˲ȫڵԼ״̬ʱѾǳصĳŷĴڣһµǿߣԼǶ֡
˵ЩЩ˲òšҲ쵽ˣ۵ˣء
ܹ۵ǿߣȻǷס
Ǻ棬֮䣬ʼϵȫĳΪǿĸ֡
¾ŷǶû뵽Ϊ۹ϵҪ׾뷨Ͳʵ֡
ŷ罫ҪģΪµĴ
ʱһĵǳأһ磬ᴩأһռ䡣
ǿϢûǸռ֮С
һսĴǳ֮УǿƣǸ޵УжʮԶԣڹǷСġ
Ĵǳصˣ໥ӣȻͷкһ飬룬ֻҪʤߣӵкܳһʱ䡣
û̫Ļĸǿߣֱ̨
ＸһŨ棬ĴǳƶɣרΪǵս׼
ŷУܹĸܵһƬĺ嫡ҲףϾ棬ûУûиıԴֶֻͨιģһЩĴҪǿϲ١
Ȼ棬ǱȽϼ̵ģʹǴսҲѻơ
ȻĴ棬Щ޵սǿ档
ŷУ֮һϢȴע⡣
ۡŷһ䣬ʱף飬ûԼеô򵥣۳ǳصǿߣ˵һ⣬ԼĵϸѾЩ֪ˡ
ԣпԼҪԵģһ޵У޵е֡
ʶһ㣬ŷɫЩÿ
ţû뵽ɣĵϸй¶ȥˣҪϻǲܵģ׼ǿߵϴɡ۴Цһһ
ɫ䣬ۣ˵ۣһҲһǰȻ飬ǿɳܡ
ƣ֪㿴ң͸ɵ㣬ûάԲҵĶ֡۴Цɫ֮г˵⡣
ʱ۾Լʵ̫ˣǳأŸˣȻԼȥɱƣ˳㽫˵ķҲɵʵ̫ˡ
ţǲҪˣɡħɷͻȻףԼһͲӮˡ
ĸ޵УͬǿƵĴڣսʤ֮
İɣˣǸ۵ĹͷһҲҪˡŷȴҡͷȻѾˣûֶ飬ǿǹŷȴҪһ¡
ΪԷطͬһˣģȻ֮У͵ϮԼѣпܵġ
ǿߣʵʵвʵȱСˣŷ绹ʤĿԵġ
ÿС˵򣬻Ǿ۵ʦ֣ﺮµҪûд˵еôһǿ߿ڣ³ǣǳǿơ


2088 սǿ
ҲҪһ¡ƳǵǿߣӢΰޱȣӢŹŷ硣
һˣһһĴ󺺣룬ӣҲҪһ·ѵʵ
ǳصǿߣȫ̬ҪΧ
ŷȴ⣬ƽ˵ְɡ
趯֮Уһ˶ǿߣȴܵȻһźء
ǿ߶һۣԷеء
һֳֻܹƽֻһܣǾ㹻ʵԼܹסˣʶһ㣬˲ҵ
ȻһǾʤȯգҲ淭ʲô⣬Ǹʱ򣬲Ķء
һ֣Ĺֱӣȫһһȭֲͨ˼㡣
䡣
ŷҲ֣ͬһȭͬǿƣֱӲȭͷ

һ죬ˣɫȻһѪ۹ŷ磬ȴûжһ£ƽվ
ˡŷˡ
ŭŷΪֵõ֣ԸͲˡ
ݺݵĴŴǲ׼֣
ˣԹŷ硣
ʱǵĳɫ֪ãŭˣսţܻᱻܡϾŷҪƽ֣ҪȴһˣȻ˵֣Żһ㡣
ǹŷͻƿڡ
ʶһ㣬ǵĳɫǳѿ
Ȼһ˳ŷЦϱɫѪ̺һ̺죬ͷųǿ
ŷֱ֣ӲĹչ˿µĹ˲ѹ
˭Ҳû뵽֮µĹŷ磬Ȼ˿£۵Ȼ˿ǹŷĶ֡
˲ֺܶƣǱŷġ
ҪסŷĴȻôȻѹƣѾע
䡣
屬飬Ԫ񱻹ŷƿУȻֱӶ˳ȥ
һĻˣô̵ʱڣһ޵Уֱ̫ˡһָоŷĻʵղܹɱģˡ
ڴǵĳǰ𷣡
ˣûйϵʹ֣ҲδѹʵԶȱϿӿ£۵ѵʱͷżսδ̽սǵĳ˵һ꣬ͱĴǵǿ߲һһʵԽһ㡣
ֻǣǱΪԽŷ£ʵѹˣȡʤõھ⣬Ҳû³˭Ҳû뵽Ȼһֽ
ȱܣǵƣɺﺮҲɫأףԼ֮ǰȻŷ翴㹻ˣʵϣǵ͹˹ŷ硣
˶һۣԥ֡
ĺáŷЦ̤֮ϣ羪죬ʩչֲȭɡ
ɶܣӲ
ղվĵطƬ飬Ϊɻҡ
Դֳһ˿亹һȭӲӵĻҲûʲô³
һ̣ŷﺮӲһ
ﺮͷһƣֱѹ
𶯣ֱӱˡΧĴǣȫը飬ʧ
ŷ岻࣬ͷųĹԡ˫ֲͣڱ֮ϡ
𶯣ͣĲȣѹ¡

ŷ绯Ϊȭһȭҳֱӷ˳ȥŷȭͷɡ
ﺮºȻ˫ֽӡ룬ȻŸȻһ󣬽ŷС
Ҳû֣һѶ֣̽ȴžĽâն֮Уŷ硣
֣Ȼ۷ʱҲ׵սʤǣ϶ҪܴĴۡ
ŷɫ״ûֱ
һĻи̾ʩչʵŷܹƳ
ҪݣܹԼֶΣԵЩ
ʱﺮҲһ㣬ŷֶΣԵú١ֻǴϷˣźܴơ
ֻǣǸոո˵ʱ򣬹ŷ㱬ˡ
һµ£󣬲һ㽫ˡ
ǿ׵ɾ
һ̣ŷٳ֣ߣʱ֮תȻһʱ֮УȻĽ󿳳һӡ
סܹ߳󡣡ﺮɫ䣬ִҪ󸴺ϣסŷ硣
Ҳ֣磬棬ͣ䣬ܹ˵ŷ磬ҪˣС


2089 ɱ
ڴʱŷȴʧˣ·ƾʧһƬʱ֮С
ʱ֮Ǿһֿµͨ򣬿ŷӣȻѾһµĵز
ŷٴγֵʱѾ뿪˴
ֱӳ֣¡֮񱩣ͬӵֱӹȶ£û
ɾɨ죬ҪסŷĹ

һ죬µ鷢ˣɵĳ飬ϳɺΡһѪɵĿܵ˴ˡ
Ȼ֤ٵҲ֮ܵɣܵ˲˺
ǹŷȻû֣ͣһֻն䣬ͬ쵶һҫۣޱȣãã涼ˡ
ǿµһˣȫ۾⡣
ֿµĵ⣬µ˼㣬޼᲻ݣκһˣܵסԲֿµĶ֡
ۡ
ɱֱӴ򱬣ȻΪ޵ҲΣסֿµĹ
̶ֳȵĹֻЩΪǿĸ޵Уܹס
ԪɳȥҪŷѹָٴǰȥս
ŷôߣüķ⣬һС˳ֱ֣ӳ˳ȥץסɵԪֱѹ
ǹŷԪ壬ȴǿͬıһΪﺮɱ˹ŷԪֱӳ֣ӲﺮµĹ

һ죬Ǭ飬ŷԪع飬ȻһӣɵԪ˳ȥ
ﺮ£ﺮɫѿ֣ǰŵǿߵĶ֣οһˡһսѾûдȥıҪˡ
ɫף֪ˡǸţȻǿ˹һ˴սˣֱȡʤ
Լʲôӵһ˰аʱôˣΪŷĿѾ˹
תߣһ磬Ҫ
ʱ涯ˣһ磬סۡ
ʲô۱ɫ棬ԷʵȻѾָˡ
û뵽ɣҵʵָˣס㲻⡣Цŷ⿪ķӡӵ֮ǰս
һֱעۣʱҪߣʱסۡ
ͬʱﺮˣ뿪Ǹսŷһ̤Ҳͬ뿪Ȼ۵һ
λǺ֮˽˶Թ벻Ҫ֡ŷ繰˵
ǳصĳҲɵӣΪһۣһǿߣʵֵ̫ˣҲһˣֻˣȻ˵֮ìܣݵ˭Ҳ֪ĻǼٵġ
һֻǷ֮һСŤȴ棬ԼҲʹ졣ֻƣʵ̫ˣ֮УԸǡ
ô۱ɫʵ
ŹŷǣȴڲͣĲ
ô£۴ûô¹ܵв
ɱ㡣ŷ絭˵ۣɱڡ
۱ɫɫѿȻһԲֱŷǳˡ
ɱ
ŷһȭѪ졣ʱ֮ת۷Уɫ˶ڲʱ֮
Ҳ֣죬ɱۡ
ǿ֣ˣδȬʱ·硣ûжã۵ľУɱ
ڸɵ쵰ˡЦ
Ҫɱۺܳʱˣֻ۷ʱʵ̫ܹˣһֱûץס
֮ʵ𣬸Ͳ۵Ķ֣͸ȥ۵Ļˡ
еһУڽ۱ɱһ
һĻǳصǿߣȫǳ鴤ʵ̫ˣֻһ˲飬һµĸ޵оɱˣ赭д˾
Ǹ̫ǿ󣬼һ棬¾ǻ֮йϵĵһ˳֣ҲδǵĶ֣Իᱻɱ
˶Ƕսˣֶξˡ
ϲʦɵˡħɷ߹ϲͬʱƺΪʦ
ʱ˻һ𾪵ĶħɷȻƺΪʦʦ˭
뵽һˣֻ棬һŵŮˣֻŮˡħɷģȻֻĵӡǶʱˡ
ֲħɷ˵ʵǿռڹǣЩȴûܹǵнڹǶȥ²ǵʵǿ󣬶ֻİаɡ
ǵˡħҲ˹̲סЩ˵
ĸǳأڹֻӵйһ飬ڿԵڶӵˡ
һжҪлѡħɷϵ˵
ŷ絭һЦӹΪҲĿĵģҪͨǿʵ


2090 ˰
ڹǵУŷ뿪Я顣
һ飬ǵм䣬˶̽
䡣
һɺôĲŹΣȫ֣ŷһͻȻɴ۾
˰
ŷɻһ䣬һֹ
ֹþֻ֣ǾǱ˰ùŷͷԣ棬ûǿĵֻиֶͨΣǿ
΢΢һüһַ֣ûʶ·𲻴һ㣬ֻǣһ۳һۿȥַ˼
ɱ
·ɱļ£ŷĽɱ˦˳ȥ
µ鷢ˣֱ̮ˣ޾Ǳ飬֮ϵ̫ǲҪըһ
ùŷ𾪣Ҫ֪֮ϵ̫ϣǿ߻ɵģ޾£Ͳܹġ汻֮еǿߣӳ˸󷨺ȻŷҪ̫ǣҲ쳣ѡ
ڣһַ㼸ҡ̫ǣʲôֶΣ̫ھ˰ɡ
ŷֳôĶˣȫѣ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬ղʲôôôƣ
˵˰𣿡ŷʵ
Ŀɨڼ˵ϣħɷһãȻӣ΢΢ʴͫһŷ֪˵ˣ֪˰Ĵڵġ
뿪ڣ㴫ﲻ˵ĵط
ŷ΢΢ͷѯʡ
ħɷǣҡҡͷһͲ׵ӡ
ŷͷ˵ȻλѲ֪ӦˣֻĴ磬ûж೤ʱˣŷ·ˡ
ҲҪ׼һ£ʦһЩȥħɷڡ
һȥ𣿡ŷѯ档
ദһʱ䣬ıֻǲŷ絹ǲŽȥֻƬˡ
Ϊ᲻ԸһȥҪ뿪֪ȴͷһǰȥ
ŷЩȣûнʲô˵ͷǾһ·
ʱħɷ̲סЩʵʦѵͲʦɵ㡣
˵ʵ¡ʵ˵
ЩȻ£ΪʲôҪȥ
Һֻ֮飬ҪˣôʱȥˣûһҲ񻰡̾Ϣ
ĻŷˣҪֻһ˽ᣬһֽ
˵ͷɶû˵ֳĸ⣬˵ϻ
һ뿪·ϣŷѯ˱˰
ŷ⣬΢΢Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ʵ磬ʵ硣
ʲôŷɴ۾ʵģѵõ
·µ˹ŷ뷨˵Ҳõ磬򣬲ǸһطȻű˰һЩǿߵİˡ
ŷһǱģôܡ
ȻǲĻҿ¶Ҫˣʶһǿߣ۵֪һЩ粢ҪĳѣʵҪȥĵطӦǱ˰Ļʹ֮еõѣҲĴѡ˵
˰ʵ磿ŷ̲סʵ
Դأǰձ˰ġ˵
Ϊʲôû˵˰ǿ߽٣ŷʵ
˹ŷһۣ˵·ضˣȻ˰ǿߣҲȻ򣬵ȴ޷ƿӵĴѣһս߽սȫսˣǵʵʵʵǸ磬Ҳǳˡ
ԭֲñ˰ǿδٹ
ҪΪ˰ǿ߶ʲôˣδ鵱飬ֻǵңԶ֮ǸʱǿݺᣬȻδдѣȴиһϵĳǿߣǲ˰ūۣ˴սսضͨڵǿߣҪѣǲܣڳǿߣһսȫսЩҲֻһ컯ɹˣһ֪ȥһ˵ô໰о˸ȻҲܼ
˰ʣ֮Уֻкٵ֪ˣڣȴٴαͻȻһԤУҲ˰Ҫˡ
ô¹ȥˣ㹻˰һЩǿߣȻδдѵǿߣ컯ִڣȻڡ
ߣ˭Ҳҡŷһһ⡣
ʱȻδ˰飬ǺȻŷԱ˰飬Ѿһַе


2091 Աݣ
ͷԹŷķӦһ㶼֡콾Ȼκ˵Ĳݡ
˰Ȼǿ󣬵ǹŷȻ
Ǳ˰֣¾ˡ̾
ŷû˵ʲôӵĴڣԼһ㣬վᳬԽʱˡ
֪˰ʲôŷҲͲѯʡ
һֻڵĵطܴ󣬼кܶأһЩǿɵΧŷȻٶȺܿ죬Ҳ˲ϵ
֮ǽһǳ֮С
Ǿֻһǳأ˳ǣ˳ʥռģһǿɡ
ŷǽǳ֮УȴĿ
ֻڵĵطѾܽˡܶѡ˳ʥ֮š
ҵһͥԺֱȻסˡĻۣһͥԺʵǷǳ򵥵顣
Ǹʿ˫Ķϲ̵뿪лɵ档
ҿ϶ˡɫÿ
һϵʲôˣ״̬׼μֻĴɡŷ˵Ǻ⡣
˵ͷ濴˹ŷһۣȻ˵ʱֻҪɱң㲻ðңɱҾˣǷģģһ֮ǰҪֻƬ
ŷȻ
Զܾҵκ󡣡Щ̾˵
ùŷЩۣȻֻ棬ܾκֻԭ²ˣαŪء
ദôʱ䣬ҲˣŷȻԻû̫ĺøУҲ뿴䡣
Ҳġ·𿴳ŷ˼˵
ͷŷƲ졣
˹ŷһۣЩˬԼͷˣᡣȻνᣬӦǺͻȵġ
ˣˣҺֻص飬ûйϵֱ˵ŷϻ
ŷһ䡣
ֱҹͻȻоһ󼤶ŷоһһȭ
䡣
һӰ֮кȥѪ
ʲôˣҲܵߵĶһֱӳ֣ͬɱǸӰ
Ӱ֮У¶ɫû뵽ˣȻŸ޵еĿµս͵ס
ķɣӰʵҲǿħɷҲֻһЩȻŷĹУȴû̫ܵص˺ֻ²ѪȻһʧ
ãһȺǿ߽ڹŷǵͥԺ֮С
һȣЩ̫ˣûѯǵȻֱӾͽˡ
һ֣ͥԺû
Ⱥǿ߱ɫ˳ֻ֣סˣòײŵסĹ
ŷ߳ƽɫѪ죬ǵصǿϣֹȥЩɫ䡣
Ƕû뵽ﾹȻǿĴڣ˵ʵǵ
ΪǿͥԺŷʡ
ŷû̳֣ЩһʱҲʧ˳
ĿɭȻȺˣɱʮ㡣
ֵס湥ˣͬڸ޵еľ硣ɫļУޱȣʱȻЩȣȴ̫ڻҡ
Ǹղ׷ɱһ̿ͣӵʧˣϣǸһ͡һڼǿߺǿӲ˵
Ǵˡŷ絭˵£Իǽһ䡣
ǸڼˣȫţЦ˵˵Ǹɱ֣ôһ㶯ûио
ʵֵŪʲô󶯾ҲȺ׷һܹ̿ͣ׷ûˡ˵һ㶼ǿƵˡ
һţʵ˲٣뵱۷ʱڵΪһڵʮ㣬ָǰְ
ѪΪ֤ŷ翴˵һۡ
ЩһЩѪԡ
ڼˣʱҲѪ˸ܵһ£̲סɫŭ쵰ǹȻǴ̿ͣȻɱ˳ʥصʿ
ʲôŷһ㶣ѪǴ̿͵ģʲôʱ˳ʥصʿˡ
ܵһ£ͻȻüͷЩѪϢͺڼϵϢȷʵͬԴġ
ʶһ㣬ŷҲ˵˳ʥʲô˼߼޻ǣѵǹҪ𣿡
ŷĻҲʶ˲ԣղǸνĴ̿ͣǺǰϢһޡ
Ҳ˵˳ʥصԱݵһ飬ĿľǶԸǡɱϱ


2092 ֮
˳ʥ̫ˣȻҪǡЦ
͹ŷ֣ʲô˳ʥأһ㶼ģ˲֣ŲЩܹԼ
ƨǾɱ֣ǶϵѪҲֻǣʵɱϡȺ˳ʥصˣҲǳŭ
÷ϻȻҪǣǾͿûɱǵʵˡһжɣЦһм
˳ʥصˣ
ǶһۣȻͬʱɱ˹
޵г֣ŷȻһֺܹĸоվҲǳˡ汻Χ
棬һжЩѣǹŷȥǾȫһˣֻһȭǸסһĺڼǿ߱ڿѪ첲ˡ
¶Ȼɫû뵽ŷʵȻǿ
һЩ쾳۷Ĵڣδ޵УʱҪæȴŷֱһ֣ȫ˳ȥ
ﱬսʱ˳ǵע⡣ǿߣڿն߷ɹ
˳ʥصǿߣأѪ˺һУޱȿµɱ⣬ɱ
˳ǣдգҪŷС
һĻһ֪ˣ˳ʥصȻȫǰɱˡǴȫգǿҪѪսˡ
뵽濴˹ŷһۣȻȥ
á
ŷֱһȭ޵ˣǰֱӱδγɵĴ󣬳˳ȥ
棬ڹŷͬ˳
˶һۣԷеŭ⣬˳ʥԩǣǷɵҪǻɱùŷŭɶ
һͱ׽ˣжˡ
ȥɱǣܹߡǿշ𣬴ŴȺ˳ʥصʿǳء
ɱ
ŷһҧԲܵίʵˡ
ûκҲŭղҪסĻҪսˣڽʲôӣ˭Ҳұ֤
˳ʥأϾһʥأжٸ޵У˭Ҳ˵
޵УղŵڼǿߣָŹŷ棬ɱ˶ϡ

޵Уλʵںڼǿ֮ϣֱ˵졣Ȼ˶ˣžԵġ
ȥɡŷ֣̺ſµʱ֮նһ޵С
һߣɫۣŷ繥ɫ֮¶һĨмˡ
ͷһ֣ͭһȻѹȥ
𣬶ͭûֹסͷŷѹ˹ȥ
ŷ¶һĨЦһֱһȭ˹ȥɫѪת֮ͭϡ

һ죬ͭɳȥ˶̲סԾ
ǸֵĽɫ۵ߣ¶ŵɫͭΪǿ֮ͬУܹסǴʱŷ羹Ȼƾ֮㽫ͭ˳ȥ
ⲻܡ̲ס
ŷЦһһַ֮еκַһȴɢľ
顣
Ȼʶȴַܹ˼
һַ̣֮ͭϡ˺Ȼ֮Уͭը飬ֱӱٵˡ
ôܣ˶סˣɫ֮гš
һַٵһ޵еǿߵ֤Ҳֲ̫˰ɡ
ۡ
ɫ۵ߣһѪɫЩήңȻΪ֤ٵܵ˲˺
㿪
ڼǿߴһѾˡ
ŷٴ۳һ֣һڵĳֱն˳ȥ
͡
Ǹɫ۵߱ն룬Ԫ˻𣬲һˣֱ֮ӻŨˮ
˺ȻҪ֪Ǹ޵ǿߵȻֱӱŨˮˣǸַĳȻֲ˹
ŷ˼гɢȻٴγһѳ
ʱȻֹͣ˹ַ۳ߣЩַ࣬һʮһһ٣ȴһָоʮһַǳŵķһС
Դ֮
ŷ¶һ˿δЩֶַΣȻȫӡԼϡ
䡣
һ˲䣬ŷϢ˲һֲĸ߶ȣЩַںڣѪһΪһ塣
ΪΪۣɴ˰֮ŷ羪̾
ΪһͨǴʱףԼˡַȫǸֱԴ֮ӡ֮Уǿ
Ǳ˰֮ʱƿˡ


2093 ¶
ŷľˣҪ޵еľ硣ʱʵǿ˲ֻվضڶ
ǬʼѣʱƬתڹŷ衣־󣬺˵˼㡣
սɡŷЦ
ͷŲĹΣѪ֮еһʺ죬ӵԣʮ
߻ָɫѿղžͲһ㣬ͱŷɱˡҿԷӡȻʵˣľսǰ
мЦݣŷָˣ˵һϡ
˳ʥصˣŷгŭȺ쵰ȻԼ뽫Լɱһ룬ŷһҪߵĳ嶯
ĸ޵УȫǴŭǶŹŷ磬Ȼ˹
ǲţĸ֣սһˡǸߣ棬Ҫһս
ɱǶϣҪǳЩЦŭɫ
ʵϣսزȻǲɱŷǣѾˡǿߣֻҪˣҪɵԷȻĻԼ鷳
ǣ˳ʥءŷЦɱӿ
ŷĻЩ˳ʥصǿߴŭкü޵У֮УҲһȻȻĻôҳʥأھȻ˵Ҫǣŭˡ
Ĵǿ֣߳ȫµ򣬻һǬŷɱ˹ȥ
ŷ糤Х˷ӲЩ
䡣
һ죬Ĵǿߴȫŷ飬һգɱһڼ׵ĸ޵С
Էɫûһѳǹմȥ
ŷ֣һȭӲǹ⡣
ԡ
ǹϣƴ£Ǹڼǿ߿Ѫ嶼һˡ˳ȥɫȻʱĹŷ磬֮ǰǿ˺ֹһ
ŷû׷ɱȥΪѾɱ˹һɫ۵ߣʵǿȸղŵĽ߶ҪǿһЩ
һѳͬţŷüĶ˹
δﵽŷüģܵһвĸоܹԪ
ȻֱɱԪġ
ŷЦü֮Уһѳ֣ƿУȻֱһ˳ȥ
ƵǬԷĳײһر飬ǸߵɳȥԡѪŷ񣬼ֱڿһ
̫ˣԷһشʵѾߵˡ
һ̣ŷٳ֣ɱһ
һڼǿߣڽᷨӡҪʩչµͨŷɱ˹ɫ䣬ӡȻδȫǻŷ˹
ŷ糤ɨֱӡԼҲˣŷо˸ӡ˲ãıɣش
͡
˷ӡŷɱҪɱڼǿߡ
ԷȴܳȣȻ֪ŷʵǿԶԶԽǻվԭأһѰɫĳ֣ס˹ŷһ
ǣҲƣһϡ
ŷһȭѹ䣬ֱӴӡ
ۡ
Ǹڼǿ߱飬Ԫ˻Ȼһĺڹŷϡ
ܡһڼǿɫ䣬һŷ
ЩڹŷϣҪڡ
ŷ΢΢һ䣬Ǹ޵еǿߣΪʩչ䡣ʹʵǱϵĻҲһҪȬҪѺܳʱ䡣
ŷܣȻɫϢͷųЩɫϢҪ
ҽ֮Ըָô
ҽ֮㵽ʲôˣ߱ɫϳҽ֮
һ۵ߣҽ֮ʱҲɫ΢䣬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ʲô顣ŷЦ
ȴɱݺᣬЩ˼Ȼҽ֮ϢͿ϶סˡҪģǻɱԷʡǴȥ
ʶһ㡣ŷڲٱˡ
ʩչһֶϻֱ꣬Ӻǿߵ塣
ԣǹŷ磬Ǿۡߴ֮гŭ
ǴʱȴͣΪ̫ǿˣһ˾ܹѹǿߣʱų˷ǸͲǶ֣ҪĻֻ·һ
ʶһ㣬ߴߣǲǵĶ֣˳֮УȻ󽫾۵Ϣļҡ
ŷһȻߡ
ֻƬɳȥֱγһƬյĿռ䣬Ǻ˳ǣȫС
ɱǡŷ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ȫɱǣܹסԼݲй¶
İɣСӣ㲻Ҫˣȫ֣ǻɱ˳ʧ϶ܿͻǿ߷֣ǧǳ鷳˶ϡȵ


2094 ֻ
ŷȻ֪һ㣬ټ˳ʧ϶ᱻ˲Ȼ̽Ҫǣ˳ǣȻ뿪
ͱݺᣬŷ֣Ǽµġǿߣһ֮£ͱɱ
ʱĹŷ磬ʵѾһֲĵزֻ̤˸޵С츳;ޣսԽЩϹ
֮Уܹ͹ŷˣʵ̫ˡ
⻹ǵսǹŷ翪һ壬ֻһ޵С
ں漤սǸߣɫ䣬Źŷ磬ߡѾˣŷֱס˽ߡ
һûУ߱ɱ
ǽ˳ʥˡŷ֮УɱȻ

֮Уûһǹŷݱ֣ʹˣҪܵĹ
ŷʵȻǿ󣬵һӲҲǲܵġ
ʱݲһ
ŷһ㣬ָͷ£Ŵڸ˳ǡ
һ۹أϵĳǳأӵпµķȻˣҲŷһָͷˣеȫɱһʣ
ߡ󺰡
ŷͷֻƬԶ뿪
һ̣ǿ߽٣һƬ˳ǣǶӣԷе𾪡һӵ޵еǿߵĳǳأˡٶȵĲ˼飬Ǹȴ˶ûп
쵰Ҫ֪˭ģȻɱһǿǿߴ
Ϊ򣬻ļҵǿ֮һʵ죬֮Уټ
ûô򵥣ԷǿʵԶԶԽǣ֮У̵ܹʱ֮䣬˳ʥصˣֻ֪в˫֮˳ʥصˣֻһһǿ߿ڣӣһǿߡ
ֻ棿һ⡣
ӵͷȻһһۣ˵ȥ߼˳ʥرӦֻ֣ϡ
Ǹǿߵͷ뿪Ҳһ޵У˵ʵǵλڻͻ֮¡
ȥμֻĴ磬ȴľϡ˵
ͷһ뿪
ʱĹŷƣ֮һɽ֮ϣڸסϢң
˺ǿ󡣡ŷ˸ž⡣
ǻļҵǿߣһ˺ͨˣڻ֮УȴټͷһһӣʵǳǿΪŷ͡
ļң̫ˡŷ̾
Ϊ֪ļһһǻļҵһ󱲣ڣȴֻ棬лһǿߣޱȣ˼
ŷ֮Уһ˸ŶԾǸ˾ǻļҼ
ģļʱвĶ֣ʵ򡣡˵
ŷȻѵҪ
ŷɫ֪ʲôЦҡҡͷ˵ûôа򲻻սֻҪͷ򣬳Ϊ𡣡
ȻˣҲ㹻ŷ𺳵ˡ
򵽵жǿ󣬼ʹŷνҲΪڵʱ䣬ʵ̫Զˣǹޱȡһʵֲ̫ˣǿƣҪȡһ򣬻Ҳ̫˰ɡ
еҪǿرڵĽһû䣬֮У˵ûκԽʵһֲɵ񡣡浭˵
ŷͷŽǼֲģȻǿ˻Ҳȡ֮ͷ
ˣȲ˵ˣ߰ɡ浭˵
ЩȻֻ棬񲨶
ŷͷĴ֮£ֻĵؽȥ
磬ÿһƲ࣬Ӧֻأֻ֮濪Ϊֻ֤صġ
ǿת֮еĴ磬ŷֻ֪棬һ·ߵĺԶڹŷ硣
Ϊרоֻأֻʵһµĵط
δʼѾ̫ǿˡ
ǣûһ˸ҰΪֻĵ̫ǿˣļңȴȻȻԻļҵİԵҲֻ档
ɫӣ˽Уһ硣
УŨͣشһЩΪȽʿ
һЩΪȽǿʿȴͲЩ
ֻģĴԽ࣬ԺĳɾԽޣ٣ܹԽֻ档


2095 
ȻҲһ£ӡ֤Լķ
ڹŷ磬ֱڵϣȻε
淢ɵվػŹŷ硣ȻǹŷˣҲһЩ쾳Ĵڣ֮Ȼ㳹ֻ̤ĵ
ˣıߵġϾֻĵߵ˼ߵĳ̶ȣҲһ޵С
ΪȻһЩ쾳۷ĴڣҲǼġ
һ֮Уһ಻Ĺһ˼ŮӣͻȻ۾һ̣ʧɫһж·ˣֻŮӣب棬һ˶ᾡ컯
֮⣬૵˵쵰ڿˡ
ʱͻȻпǱʲôһüͷҴһȴûҵκˡ
ѵҸоˣüͷЩ⡣
һĨÿЦݣǸŮô£Ǳһ
Ȼ֪ԼһΪѾԷУͬʱ˱
оֱӵĸоʧҲûж롣Ϊֻ淢ԼĻֻԸѾԼˡ
ڹŷ磬ֻһᣬѾ
ӣ˸һµķģȻٴûʲôûзһ
ܹоŷԼѹǿˣаԾһҲ̫̬˰ɣʵˡ
ٶȣҪ˶ãŷҪ޵еľˡıֺ;޳̶ȣ޵еĻ֮У֮£Ѿ޵ˡ
ȻҪ̤޵УҲǺס
磬ĳһ֮Уͣ޾£Ƿǳ顣Ϊ˽޵У˲֪£ղ˸޵С
ݺգв˴ｵ٣ȫǸ޵еĴڡ
ѡһϲ
ŷתһҽŽȻҲˡһȺҽŵĵӣŷ֮У˾η
ȻҲϳŷ磬֪Ǵܽǿߡ
޵ˡŷ翴˽һۣ΢΢Щȵ˵
ʵȻѾ˸޵С
ŷĻҲЦѲҲѾ쾳۷壬޵С϶ڷѵеġ
ףŷδ̤쾳۷ʱ򣬱ԻԼڸѾ쾳۷壬ȻԼҲͻһΣǹŷʵԱԼֻǿ
ŷҡͷ˵ר޽ʳ޵о֮˵ʵѾͬն
ƲƲ죬ŷͻ˵ˣȴûԼڵʵǷǳǿ󣬵Ǻ͹ŷ֮Ĳ࣬ȴԽԽԶˡ
˵ΪΪ˸лŵѵָ㣬ͳԷЦ
ҲףԼţһĸӹɣʹ˸޵УҲһ
ͣȻһ¡ŷЦ˵
һȺǰУҽŵĵӣ򣬶ټͷɣǿƵҪȫ˳ʥܹȵġ
ܶ򽣳ǵ֮У˾ηͬʱĴŹŷǣв²ŷ˵ʲôݣȻҽ֮еĵӣ˶Դ
Ͻ¥һǳľƹݣǽܣһʿǿģųϽսʵǿֻĺѡ
ϽսƺǺݺݵĳ鴤¡
ŷÿı飬̲סЩȵʵʶϽս񣿡
һѾͷȻҲôͷˡ̾ȻϢǺܱȴĲȥйֻ飬Ҳ֪Ͻս
ϽսŮģǾȡ
Ѿͷ龫֣껹һСƨû뵽ھȻҲΪˡɫ̾
㵽ʲôˣ̲סʵ
ҳƺϽսΪСƨˣȻܼ򵥡
ơ
˵Լ֣ʱýһ
󣬽ǵɴ۾̲ס𾪵˵㾹Ȼֻĵ̣찡𣿡
ȻҲ֪棬ֻ֪Ĺϵ
浭һЦû˵Ǵ֮пԿһ㶼Լİȫ
ͻȻһˡֹ
ǺǡһЦͻȻһѱסļһֵܵӡ
ˣֻԼ֮ϵܣԼһɵɡ
ֻԸ飬˲ҽţֻҲǡ
ҪҰɥǵһǡ


2096 С
һҪײǽɫŷ̲סЦ˳
СӵСӣֻǸȻԵǺܽǨŭڱˣСҪֻɱδԸ㡣Ц˵
һôҲһ콾Ȼֻͷų
ʵҸղֻǿЦģѣôôأİɣҲ㱻ֻɵġɫҲһ䣬ȻԼ˵
۾ɵŷԱ߲һ䡣
ɴ۾ȵ˵ѣô֪ҵ뷨ġ

һһ߳ȥСҲʲôö
ôһ֣ҵĹϵǺ˲١ǲУϽ¥֮С
һСϽкǸСΪʱ򣬹ŷ鴤һ£쾳۷ΪȻС쳣
𾪰ɣʵڻ֮УǵˣҲǺܶ࣬ϽսһʵЩȻǵСûһ˸СǣΪǵͬϰĵӣ֮﹤ֻΪ˵õָ㣬޵Сŷͣ˵ⲻձ
ŷҲһ쾳۷壬ﶼֻСĻǻʵѾԽ֪ˣҪݷıֱӱ֮еˡ
Ǹ쾳۷ܿľͬСһк
ŷ¥ռغܴΪϽ¥˵һеĿռ䣬Զ
һ֮ͤУϽ¥֮õĵطڽԼҽŵ֮󣬲
ܶʿһĽǣܹʵ͵λ
̸۵ԼһЩ򣬱ȥΪҶ˵һĺõط
ȻĶЩ˲˵ģϾ˭Ҳɵǡ
ǸС椺ƯͻȻһҽŵĵӣָһŮ˵
ŷǿȥһϽɫȹŮ̬һĸо
Ťƶˡ
Ůȷʵվһ⣬̲ס˵עŮӵϡ
Ǹҽŵĵ˵꣬ȻվȻǸŮкҽɣɷһ𡣡
ȻŮӣҪͶԷڨ
ڳԼҽŵݣһ˶Ҫһӵġ
ɫŹ֣Ǹҽŵһۣɫ֮дһ˿
ҲԾϽɫĳȹŮǳĲһѹܵµѹ
Ҫ˵ѵɲҪ˵
ǴʱɣȫŮӸסˣﻹܹýȥǽڣҲһȵĶŮ
ðŮһЦʱ·ɸһԵɫ
ýҡͷһȫסˡ
ŷһߣʲôû˵ֻµĶǰһĻ²ŽҪʲô顣
Ůƣͤʱ򣬽֣λ벻Ҫ⣬ʦûм棬ð֮¡
ôðأǰһȻǿңҽŵĵӣһǵܣҪǱ˺ңһءŮЦ֮жҽţǿϡ
ǽȴһֲĸоŮ˵ӵķֹˡ
ˡ˵ǫ顣
Ǹɣȴûнı֣һЦ˵ǵȻҽŵĵӣһǸ콾
ܵ⣬Լظһţӡ
λɵһ֪϶ǵܣдһ£ŮЦ
Щƣ̲ס˵ǲҪ˰ɣһ˵˹ǾͲˡ
ŷһ飬˵Ůɻ˵Ůʵֱƿ£Ѿ޵оĽҲĶ֣ǳĴ
ɲ쾳۷壬ǻǸոս룬Ůһָͷɱһٱ顣
СϣҪڶ˼СˣʵҲˡ̾Ϣ
Ǹüͷһ壬˵棬˵ʲô˵ô
ܲˬҪŮǰһ£ȴ˵оԼܶӡ
һȥŮͻȻŭľʹһɾͺɳȥһըڲԶĵϣܵ˿µش
ʲôҽŵĵȫɫվҲĿɭȻСϣȻ׼֡


2097 һ֮
ŷ΢΢̾һЩԴʯͷѾ˶Է֣Ȼûв³ŮݣЩˣֱɵˡ
ѣס֡ŷ絭˵ʱýһ¡
üͷŹŷ磬ʲô˼
ѵҪϽսһս𣿡ŷʵ
ʲôԾϽս񣬾ԼǰСôܣ
ЩţϽսټͷֻѣȻղ˵ϽսһŮӣҲû뵽ԷȻһʮŮ
еʵ̫̫Զˡ
ǿеϽսСϣû뵽ô꣬ʵȻһ⡣̾
Ϊ˰ĺŬҾԿս㡣СЦ˵񣬳⡣
ȷϽսݣֱս⣬վһߡ
ЦϽսսǻûôĵӡϽսͷȫǴģʵֻ棬ҲǶĸ֣˷
ҪΪֻس֣֣ܳʹûΪҲỹֵġ浭˵һԴеӡ
ŷ̲סҡͷһӲ֪һЩʲôȻвֵͷһʲôϽսӲԣɱ޶
Ϊ˵Ҿͻ᲻ɱˣС̲סЦ
û˵ֻƽޱȣǿһС
ʱСһ䣬ڳˡһüĹȥָ⣬һɿµԿԻһ޵ǿߵԪ
ûиоһƽȻĲ
Сϵĳ֣Ҳ쳣ĹϣûֵĴ㣬£ӡüġ
ۼ漴䣬˶¶Ծɫ
ŷһ⣬ֱӳˡ
һֻСϵһ˳ȥ
ǳԾСҲ¶ȻɫղȻδʩչȫԾҲǹŷܹסġ
ֻû뵽ǣŷ粻סĹǽˡ
ŷӣһƵģȴһ¶ûСȻھԵ֮ϣŷռݾԵϷ硣
ʲôˣС϶Źŷ磬ʵһۣɫм˵ұΪǸӣֽɱԭ߻иˣһαˡ
ó棬ǳԹ
濴˹ŷһۣЦһ˵ţ㲻óˣһ
ƨΪʲôҪŷ練ʡ
һ£˵Ϊ˺ֻؽǰ飬ҪҲκη
ֻҪ𣿡ŷЦ
һ£׹ŷ˼ˣСȻڿ˵ԼĽֻظ𣬵δֻص˼
ԣСɱƣҲ֮飬ֻСгһԹѡ
뵽мŷ˵ллңȻĻҾͰˡ
ȻѾˡ
ôֲҪˣС
ڼ֮ǰҲˣҪɱңǶҺ֮飬ȴûκΰ浭˵
СЦƱ硣
ôô˼ӵ飬ʲôϵô˵ҲĽС𣿡ŷЩˬˣֱӶСϿڡ
ŷĻСĿ䣬Źŷ磬˵û˵ķݣûκιϵ
ôûйϵСܡŷֱ˵һ굽ӵ¡
ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ŭ˵˵ʲôʲôʱΪСˣ
ù𣿡ŷɵʵ
ҡҡͷϣԼǹŷĶ֡
ǲ͵ˣ˭ȭͷ˭ϴ㲻ŷ˱ԼȭͷԵ˵
˸ž⣬˵һ䲻ĻŷԲԼȭͷһ¡
һ۾Ϳŷ뷨ֱӵͷ
ŷջȭͷȻСϣЦ㻹ʲô𣿡
һòСϲѹסԼеŭɨһۣЦζͶһ֮ѣǶûкˡ
͹ŷ綯֣û㣬Ϊղֻǽһ£֪ԼǹŷĶ֣ҳ飬Сϲȥ
ַһŮ˵سȻ򲻹Ǿһ䣬ǱȽϽġ


2098 ػ
ǲǺҲ֪ҿǴĺˡŷЦ˵
ɫڣŹŷ磬˵ŲǺأǺˡ
ûһˣסŷͷ
ա浰ۡ
ˣСˣҪ֮件ۡŷ˰֣һСһ
СɫڣҲǳ˺ܶ꣬һۣȻһЩݺصİʱҲǱϹϾǹŷһµģǵһ
һСҪšϹŷԴĳ嶯
뿪ҪѵһٵģΪԼĽڿȴԼ۸ˣܹġ
ȥõʱ򣬾ǳˡ
һ۵ӣлϽ¥һȺǿߣȫǸ޵С
ʣµˣĶ쾳۷壬ǰޱȣһ£ĿһС
СϵʱǸ۾һ¶ϲɫ˹
СϿӵʱҲ̲סЦˣ֪Լˡ
ػʼϹþò֪Ϲɺã۵һ֣˵
˹ŷһۣСһԹӣίҹһ㶼ãˣһĺҡ
ŷĿɿڴ˲Ͻս˼Ҫ赶ɱˣֻѵҪԼ
Ѿͷ޽ɣɲںʲô洫
ŷͷۣػʵӣһ֪ڴڹϣǿС
뵽аԼûȥǸСʲô鷳ˡ
ʲôȻ˸ϹػʴŭݺݵĶŹŷ磬ɱȡ
һֱ׷Сϣһֱδɹ˵СϾȻ˽ȵˣҿӣһﻹСϣػﻹܹܡ
ָŹŷ磬˵
ŷ絰ۣûԣͼͣλѣˣƭģҺ֮䣬ʲôûС
֪ŷĻһ˵ػʸй⻬һһѳָŹŷ磬ȻЦ˵ЦСϹ࣬ôԼЦĺСϹȻıףֱ̫ˣҾҪСϹնһ
һɱ⣬ɱ
Ҫŷһ䣬ԼѾˣһȴһ㶼šŷ粻Сϻ֮
˵ʲôػʴŭ
ֱһ䣬Ȼ˿˼Ͻ¥⽫Сˣò״һ¥ҪＤսϽ¥ͻٵˡ

ŷֱһĳȥԷĳײǿػʵĳ˻ȥ
ǿȻܹסҵĵػʽһĶ֡Ȼסǵػʲģ֮ĸ֣Լʵ
ǲҪ򣬱ҵϽ¥ҪĻȥػʵѣһܹҳġСϸϽ˵ֹ֮ս
ػҲӦϽ¥СϵĵطϽ¥ˣȻԼǸһҲ϶ᱻСġ
뵽ϽǸ˵ԲˣСӸҺȥһս𣿡
ʲôطŷû̴Ӧѯʡ
Ͻֻͣרĸ޵еǿĵطֻҪУһɱ߱ѹûһ㷴֮ȻĻȥˣǲܳġ
ԭһطŷڿǣΪһʱ֮׵һֵ֣
Ͼػǿƣ뻹ˣɱһػʣ߽ѹڹŷ˵㲻ʲôǳ˵ػЩˣҪһǷˡ
ڿǣǵػȴŷ翼ǵĻᣬЦѵ㲻һս𣿼Ȼ˿죬Ҳܹɱ㣬ֻǲŪСϵĵطˡ
׳ա濴˵ػһۣЩм˵
ǹŷЩ˼ɣνĵػʣôڹŷǰš
˵ʲô𣿡ػ˵棬ɱȻ
ɨһۣ¶һĨЦ
Сϲˣ˵ػʵѣ벻ҪȻҵУֻһ쵰쵰Ҳֻнܹ
СϵĻػһ£ά
˭ػ̲סһ䡣
ҽˣơС˵
һػ֮У˾衣󱲵һЩ֣֪ͷβ֪һ쳣µˣһʱ֮ڣĵһˡ


2099 δս
·֪ػһЩʲô浭˵ȫûбҪһеʵԼܹվǰѾȥˡ
ػ΢΢һ飬滹ǿء
ҲףԲ˵ģ۷ʱڵʵԲĶ֡
û˵ػʽĿŷ磬˼ԣҪһս
ȻҪŰҲûа취ܾɡ
һս޷⣬Ȼˣŷ׼ˡ
С֮Уһ˷ܵɫһսʮֿùŷ磬ػʵʵһǰɶˣ벻Ƕ֡
Сһ˷ܵӣ̲סģǸʲӵػʣԲǷŵĶ֣Ͳ֪ŵʵǺεȿ¡
ţĪǰڹǣǳصĸ֣һɱۣĸǿߡСһ⣬Ȼ˵ŵͷ
˵ͷ϶СϵĲ²⡣
ˣػΣˣϣһﲻɱˡСһ֪á
ԷһʵػʺпܲĶ֡뵽ɫ쳣ÿһػҪʲôĻܺý
ں˰ɣϧˣųһЩɱ˵ػʣԸҿѡ浭˵
ŷԸɱϣػŭĻ϶ɱ֡
չŷʵһ񣬾ֻϣҲδűʤİա
ôǿ󣿡СϻЩšȻùŷʵǿǼһطӦòŶԡ
û˵̬ȣȴСףԼ¶ˡ
ԲһϢ˵ػһۣЩżʱȻߵػʹŷʵҲš
ػʱһΪ߰ˣ뵽СϵУӵż
ֱ˽˸СϲƽֻϣԼԸ⿴ˡ
֮УŷĴܣȫûнԷС
һĻػɫ࣬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫɱһ
ңػʴŭ
ŷɨһۣȻһ˵˵Ҫ֣ܲͻ֣ʵҵǾãȻǿ󣬵˿Եס֡
ѾˣԼ˵ػʣʵĻֱûһ
ػɫ࣬Źŷ磬ֱһ
ŷͥŲһᵯָָ˸볤ײһ
һػʵˣ˺Զ
ȻĶŹŷ磬ԼѾ߹˹ŷսǴʱԼǵ͹˹ŷ磬ԷʵԶԶԼ֮ϡ
㵽ʲôˣػʶŹŷ磬ʵ
ʱʶԼ֣һ㶼˽⣬Ͳ֪Էݡ
Ļŷ̲סЦ˳һڲЩǲе̫ˡ
ҽšŷ˵ԼĻ
һػ¶ɫǸ֮еǿߣһ޵УʤĿµǿ߷ţȻ㡣
ŷ֮󣬵ػʺڵ˼㡣ǱˣһսţһնûС
ʹʹǸҲܵסһ޵еǿߡ
ܹŷһˣ֮Уᳬˡ
ʵѾĴˣʶµһǿߵĿܡػԴҲԼǿߵĶ֡
䡣ػʿЦ
ŷ翴һۣ¶Цݣ˵Ҫѵˣ
Ҳ뱻ѵػʿɬ˵
Թŷ磬һնûУͲǶ֡
ʶʱΪܣʵҲսӦ֪ǸϽսں˵ҺһϵûӴŷЦ˵߽ػʣļ
ػʵͷȻףֻҪСϵǢһ£ԲҪֵģû뵽ŷôˣԴʱսˡ
ͷҲҪֶ˭ǷǿߣȻֻ棬Ҳδа˵ԼӮɡ
˽֮һжûдȻȥˡΪҪʶһ쳣ҵ棬ȴû뵽Ȼһ
СһҺûɴ
СϣԲǸҲǷŵѵĶ֡ػЩ˵һﵹֱˬֱ˵ԼǶ֡
˵ͷС˵û£Ҳϣ£ллҳͷ
СϵĻػĻŭţСڹԼ
ػϿϲɫ̲סѾͷ׳ա


2100 
СǵĵػʣǲΪػʵ⣬Լ鷳ŻԵôˡ
ȫ뿪ڽŹŷ棬Լҽפء
һƬǳլԺһ޵Уǳǿ󣬵ŷǳ֮һ⡣
ʦ塣
˵ͷǸǿ˵ˡλӦǷŵѻɣС
Уһ־֪϶ҽ˵ʦֵܣŷδʧ񣬸Ͻһ
Է˿Ȼܹư
У겻ʵѾﵽ磬뵱ҵһμʱ㻹ʦʦֵֻһСƨΪ񼶡̾
ʱˮһתۣ׺ɣ滹ǰַɣ˾尡Ц˵Ȼ˵Сƨһ㶼
Ϊȷʵʸ곤̫ˡҹǴʵ˵Ȼûǰ۷ʵȻԼԽС
ǰܱȣأһ㱻ɱٵֱڣҲǻָЩΪЩ̾
ȻأõһЩôǱʧ˵㲻ʲô
һأ˵ֻлļҵļǸطĴѾǻĵһǿˡи̾
һǿߣҿδأЩϼһﲻһͬ⣬ֻأֻصʵļҵǸ󱲼Ƶǲͬ⡣
˵ļҼпǵһǿߣǻ࣬˵ôԣȻͬ⡣
û˵ȻΪģȴ磬Ϊûκ塣
ʵߵţлļҼʵпս˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ŷûзԵ֮ϣҲп䣬һ壬һ֣ļҼʵǿҲǹŷĶ֡
ɳһŷ籾ʵѾΪˣټʵһģһԼ޵С
ֵˣŷ綼עˡ
ŵʵ죬ѾˣֻϾǻ֮еˣʹս˻ļҼҲʲôһļҼǿޱȣΪ֮һ֮Уδڷŵѡи̾
һֱ޻ļҼЩˬˣһۣ˵ôôΪļ˵ѵҽҲͶ˻ļҲɣ
̲סЦˣ˵ǵǲڣҽţһֱκμ壬ڣԺ󣬶ģղŵĻֻǴе뷨ˡ
Ŀһۣŵ˵ͷϿеĻ
ˣ̸ˣȸλѰŷϢп˽һۡ
ǡ֡
ŷ˱ߣϵЦʧŹŷ뿪ķɫ΢΢Щ
Ϊ˰ź÷䣬뿪
ߺ󲻾ãŷˡ
áŷ
ͷЦƫڻļңĻҽӦѾͶ˻ļҡ
⻹صģصǣпܻļҪֻ涯֡ŷ˵ԼĲ²⡣
һҧ˵ͷȻҲϿɹŷĲ²⡣
ô죿üͷ
ļ̫ǿˣһֱδֻ棬ǣⲢļҲ붯ֻ档ڻ֮УӻļˣֻΪֻҪֻ浹ˣǾҲû̫谭Ļܹڼ̵ʱ֮ڣͳһ
Ǳļҳһͳ˻򣬽ǿµġһ˹Ե棬пܣһЩ򣬴Լϡ
ûκΰ취ֻܹһһĵͷҿԴǣ硣ŷ˵
ȴЦҡͷ˵УĻ͸ҵˣǸ͵סĹ
ʹסҲҪҾҲ֣ΪͲṥ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
磬쳣߳ǿߣһвܵأܶ˽磬һ⣬Ҫõоеܣɾͳѡ
ԣ֮һͳԺԻȾָ硣
ţŷ粻Ҫѡ
˵ĲȻˣǾͿļҵıˣҪֻض֣ƴҲǵóѡҧ˵
˵Щ㲻ٿڣڵԼ״̬Ҫʵ۷ʱ
ŷ룬ͻȻ˵ƣҿָǰ۷Ϊ
˻һһŷ磬һϲı顣


2101 ʮλǿ
ֻ磬ǿ߲μӡ
һ˵쾳ǿߣҪμһʢ硣ǿƣʮ֮һ
ùŷʶ˻Ŀֲʮ֮һԺɨڵ硣Ȼ֮Уûиǿߣƶ˵塣
ȻڵļΪԶǲǻ֮еһ飬ǵǰ棬мʱ裬ǿơ
ԣǸʱҪ˱ܷâֱһӿµĴֹס˵ˣʵҲ䵽һΪԵʱ
ܶ˸˵Ļʵлȡ򣬳Ϊ֮еġ
ŷ棬û뽣һ𣬶ǵже˸£ŷǵ֮УǴһĨ֪ζ
ȻŷΪеǵϡ
Ҳ̫⣬˵Ըıĸ֡
磬Ǹ硣ޱȣһ棬һŮ֮ϣãã
Ȼ޵УľˣҲ̲סЩԲλࡣ
ŷĿϣ̲סҡҡͷ
ҡͷʲô˼ۣ쳣ˬŮˣȻӣǰϹˡŷ̾
棺ҿҺôҲĵһֺòãʲô䲻ϵģǸʱҲӢΰޱȣأһ˳ɰ¡
һΪǴаءŷƲ졣
ʲôãȻ
һ潴϶ûгԹҲǰ˵ǻǿŮɡŷЦ˵
棺
ΣӦһ˫۾Źŷ磬˵׼š
ȹסǵ۾ٺ˵ɡŷָָΧˡ
棺
ЦҪǸҲЩ˿ΨһĽᱻֱ˺飬һûСˣһ쾳ʵ졣
ԣʿˮɶû˵
ŷ̲סЦһҲµʱ
һۣһҲЦ˵ע⣬һֻȶˣǾûлֻˡ
ŷȴãеˣ̫ˣ̸ߣֻһ
̨֮ϣʮλû˵˭ϡȻҪõһλҪʵ
ŷѾˣ¶ͷԸͲ⡣
ʱ򣬴Ⱥ֮Уһǿߣʮλ˹ȥеˣȻкͽ
ħɷҲУҪλ
ֻڳǿʮˣܹʮλˣᱻ̭ʱ򣬹ŷʶʵ㹻ʮ޵Уͣĳ֣սԷֻΪʮλ֮ϡ
вǿߣĿѪȴҲԸˡ
ʮʵĺô̺һЩڸ޵УҲһĺô
ǲŻΪһΪ޵ж
գһЩ˱ɨֻʮ档
ҲһЩ꣬δ֣ɫȻЩ޵У֮˸ѱɫ
ЩһЩ쾳۷ĴڣǹŷܹܵЩ˵ʵȫĸ޵С
̲ס̾Щ޵֮һǿƵ˲ⶼǲڤǸεǿߡ
ֻǻ֮вʮ֮һ̾
ŷû˵ԿԿͻ֮Ĳ࣬ʵǴףȻ粻ңҲǲġ
ȻûҵĻȻǻҪ磬Ҫһ¡
ϾЩǿߣɲģһˡսʣϱǿߣͬǲǿߡ
Ȼ֮лļ֮ǣҲ˵бʤİա
ң֮Уֹһڹŷ磬ʵҲѾǸ磬ƿ¡
Ҳ棬һλչˣʵԽʵǺġ
ֻתһۣȻ󵭵˵۵ῪʼȽ
Լľ飬ûκأߵΣ޾һУΪÿһ˲䣬µҪʹĵҵȻܣǲܵ顣
һ¡ڴʱһվ
ĳ֣üͷһ壬ŷ紫ǹȻ׼ˣǻӣʵǳǿڻļ֮жĸ֣ܶꡣ
ŷ΢΢ͷĿȥʱжʱ


2102 
к£ֻļǿߣķʡ
ȻԻӵΪҲһֻ̫ˣǼ
˶񣬻ӵļҪֻΪһļһߣһļҡ
˻һ˶һ𣬻ļҪʲôֻ룬ǸͲܾ
ļϲַжһУֻҪֻ治Ӧ˺
·ҧЩ̫ˣڱȡ
ҲӦأֻ浭ʵ΢΢һУһֿµϣûһ
Ҫ˵ݻֻע£ȻڵĻһ䶼˵
üͷһ壬վ˳˵ļһκг⣬ļһߣλֻڼ֮¡
ɫȻǻһɵǿƣ˵ļҵľֻ治ԸĻļһȫʧҲΪ˻ļҵ棬òֻ濪ս
˻һ˺ȻļҾȻǿƣֻ鷳ˡ
Эֻһս
ֻͻļңҪڽգֳһߵˡ
ʵϣֻһֱǻļҵжǼɵֻʵѾˡֻ棬߽շļһϾȫ˻
һηѣ϶Ҫһ
ǣ˶ֻ֪ûʤϣļңͿʧˡʧ̫ĻļҵĵλҪҡ
Ⱥ쵰вӵŮǡŭһͳȥˡ
ŷס棬ǳ侲һ㣬ûô򵥣ļһֱûֻ涯֣ȴҪ֣϶˳׼ǳȥҲźܴЧ
ݺݵĴŴǿƽ˹ŷһۣȻ˵ҾȳֻأҲֻƬ͸㣬ҲԼ磬Ϊǵǿߡ
۾һŷס棬˵ģ
Ȼģѵ˵˻ļңܹڻ֮дȥ𣿻ļҵ˲ҲὫԼΣ֮С浭˵
⵹ǲֻսܣ϶Ҫ뿪ȻĻ϶Ҫ׷ɱ
ɽŷЦ
Ϊ֮䣬һһҪԽ򲻻᲻֪϶ŻأʧҪģĽǸͲܵġ
Ϊ˭Ҳұ֤ǿߣǽ֮󣬻ʲô飬һ֮иһЩҲԲ
ȻҲԼ˽֮Уǿ֮Уĺ֮ˣ
ʶвлᣬǲء
ϾΪȻҪͷһҫ
ԣʹ˷ѣҲֻС֣Թŷǲ̫в
һЦڳƽһ԰
ֻˮڻϣЦֳֹ˰ɣȻѯʣȴǳĿ϶
Ըֻ棬ֻˣĻʮǿ֮Уһվ
ʮ޵Уʹֻʵ죬ҲܵסԲǶ֡
Ǹ쵰Ǹŭ
ŷȴǺ⣬ʵҲ뵽ˣֻ棬ļҶҪշοҽţǱշ֮е顣
ǣҲֻƽ
ħɷһЩǿվĿȻŻǡЩ˴󲿷ֶǺǿߣʵ
ǲֻĵӣֻĺ󱲣ȻĿֻ汻۸
Ҳûеô⡣ŷоһɫ֮ʧ䡣
Ϊһֻ治ǰġԣŷԵЩʧ
ҡͷɫأԽҾԽģ㲻֪ļҼһʲôӵˣֻҪ£ûвɹġ
Ȼɫ֮УҲɵ¶һ˿ľɫ
ǸˣŷɫأΪȷʵܹԷĿ£һܳĴڣźԾͬʱһսԼ
𣿡ŷʵ
пܣΪһҪԸֻأ֣ܹѹֻءЦ
ŷս죬˵İɣǸҵˡ
ͬ޵еǣߵһŷѾ޾κǿˡ
澪̾Ŀ˹ŷһۣԸļҼֻǰˡͬǿ˾


2103 
Ҫ⣬ǻȻ֮ûп٣վҪСġѵ
һ˵Ȼǿ󣬵Ҫһ򣬻Ƿǳѵġ
İɣһȻƷ򣬵Ҫ뿪ǿġŷ絭˵
ʱ˿̣ȫɳˣӵݺµʱκˣκ磬ߣû˿ס
ǹŷţһ޵е
̾ҲˣһˣǿƶţȻ׶εʱҲ޷ȡ
ֻ棬̫߹ԼˣҲ͹ǻļңļҳۻֻЩôܹŷأЦ˵
ʿжһѵļҪеѹֻ棬ĻǱȻҪСĴۡ
ڻ˵δһ£Ϊںģǵʵ
ʲôֶΣʩչɡֻƽԼı֮ϣӻǣûнǷС
ĵˣǻǣЩ˻ûǸʸΪĵˡ
ߡ
һȻоֻӣԶһ֣ǰ
ģһ˵𶯣˺ȻǴա
һɨ޵е񻰣һʱ۷һʱųǿ
ĻǰˣһԷ޴ܣǶԷֻ档֣˴ɱġ
ΪǸʱ̫ǿˣļҶɵУѪ񣬶Ѫϴڲ
ʱľȻˣûļԸֻ档
治ڣֻһˣܹסħȻЩ컯ǻ֮еĵһˣҲ벻Ƕְɡ
һߴԶǿǸһ㣬ͷɢһ˫Ѫɫģɢɱֻ棬ȻһЦСŮˣּˡ
ḡǺֻϣֱӵϷƺΪСӡ
ֻƽģ˵ģ㣬δȻһطʡٱɱһΣǳ԰ڡ
һСھȻ˵Ļ˾̾Ʋڣʵɱɱһֻô򵥣ȴɱ㣬ֻҪӦһһ˫۾ֻϴ¶ɫԵɫ
ŷɫŹ֣һﶼˣȻôɫ
أɫѿˣֱҪģֻŮˣȻ˸ҵϷŭɶ
ŷļ򣬵˵İɣֻĶ֡
ʲôһЩ𾪡
֣ն˶Էڹŷ羹Ȼ˵ĲֻĶ֡
Ѿ޾ûмˣֻɳҲ֮еģԭ̤ȴûУһֱھǺġŷ簲ο
Ц⣬ΪҲܴﵽֻ磬Ϊ츳˵Ĳֻ档
һǻ۵Ůӣ¶Ż۹⣬ĺܳɫߵһɺϣӵǱ
֮£ԵúȻʧɫ
Ȼŷ簲οлǺܲܣı̼ĵˡ
ʲôֻ浭ʵ
ƽûиܵԷһġ
̬ĺܲܲ׸ع۷壬һα붯ҲҪֻӡ
ǳϣֻһ㶼ûη壬̬ĵɫ쳣ÿ
ɫȻ󵭵˵ΪҵŮˣ㲻
˻һ˻Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ľȻҪȻղı֣Щȴû˻뵽ᵱ˵
Щ˻Ȼĺܲˬ͵תݺݵЩˡ
ʱ˶̲סһ£ǲ˵ˡ
һǳһϽս׵Ůӣǳ⣬һϽɫĳָģ˵㣬ٶ˵һ䣬ұȻն㡣
Ͻս񡣡˾ҲЩ˲졣ϽսһֱأûĿʾˣȴ¶Ŀ
ֻ֮׷ߣһŮӣ쳣ˣȻսףҲȻܹܵĽᡣ
Сϳ֣ػɫһ䣬Ȼվ˳ͬģ˵ػҲһǰĸС
Ļһ˵ϲ˱ɫػһֻ̬ǣһˣҪƲܡ


2104 
ػһվǿߵɫ̲סػʣˡ
˲ǱˣΪħǵػʵֵܣһ޾£һֳȻ⣬û뵽ػʾȻҪǷ֮С
ػһ֣˵磬ܣԲҵѡϲСϹȻҲһϲҲܹ۸ӽɣûκιϵ
˵Ļʱ򣬵ػʼᶨޱȣһԥûС
Сŵػʣɫӣ̲ס˵αأ
Ҳϣ㱻ί˭Ҫ۸㣬Ȼɱҡػʼᶨ˵Ŀģ˵һս
ħɫѿȴûа취
ΪػȥȴҲܹκζˡȻĻ϶ŭļңʱļǶסŶҪ
ø첲ײײԱߵ棬ŷЦ˵˵ˣΪ˰飬ʲôԲˡ
ߡһû˵ȴŵػʵΪɫ֮ͻȻ¶һĨΡ
ŭЦЦ˵һСҲҵצӣݺµʱ㻹ûд̥֮гء
Ҳ˵ˣעҵĶ֡ػʺƽЦ˵ʱϬһ¡
СЦ׼ˣػʡ
ҺһսС߹˲ġ
ȴû˻оƽϽս͵ػʣȻͷСǵĶ֣ȴһˣʵǳǿ޵ǿߡ
ڴʱ֮ϵֻ濪ˣûеôǿ֣ɱ
ֻĿ˵һ΢һĴŭɭȻĿֻһۣЦ˵һɱ֪֮ҵĺǶôˡ
ţΪﵽΣһжһ£̫սˡ
Ȼ޵УҲֻǺսһλֵѡ
ֻ浭һЦû˵ǵػʺϽսֻĻ֮оʢսš
ĴŭľԼǵĶ֣۾֮ɱȡ
СܹӮ𣿡̲סʵɫ֮Щġ
սȻ֪Ŀ¡ǾǺڵֻһĴڣʵ졣
û⣬ֻҪĵ㣬ԿԻŷЦ˵ûнķС
Ŀǿ󣬵ڹŷ翴죬Լ⹫ϱȣս棬Ķ˲ֹһΡ
ԣŷһ㶼˻սܡֻҪСϺ͵ػʷӳԼʵģʵܼ򵥡
սǿߣ֮ϼս
綼ڲϵķĸգסǴսĲȻĻǽֵһ̣һͻˡ
Ϊǵʵ̫ǿˣһĸ޵У޷ȣȫĴ
ĵʵƿֲһжȻ·磬ݺΪƣ֮䣬Ǭ顣
һſŴ˸ͷѹ¡
ϰٸ˲ͣݻȻȫµĳСϺ͵ػʱɫ
˼ѵĿ⣬Ȼѹơ
ȻּǿߣȱģȻĻֽġ
ŷҡͷ˲ıĻǾ䶨ˣͲĵĶ֡ǵʵԻģȴͷסˡ
ֻҲҡͷȻһС
룬ŷӡһϢıʩչȻڳĶǸ֣Ҳûзֹŷ簵г֡
͡
ŷһȴûȥ
ǣǸȴֱĵϡ
һͣȴ˲ǿߣû̫ô
ĵɫȴ쳣ѿ
һ˲䣬ֱˣ˳֣ȫĵϡ
ۡ
һѪһ㱬飬ˣԪ񻯳СնСϺ͵ػʡ
˸ϽʩչԪ֮ǵסһȴʧȥ˻ɱĵĻᡣ
Щʧһۣɱȥ
Ķ㿪ղıشˣսղˡ
Ŀ絶ɨȺ˭ְңסһ˲䣬ǱҳұȻ𡣡
˻Ȼ֪Ϊʲôͣһ£ԭڰг֣ˡ
ֻǣ˵ʵҲ̫˰ɣȻ˶ûвĳ֡


2105 
ֻĿһת򣬹ŷһʱףֻѾ֪Լֵˡ
Ҳ϶棬ֻȴһֱڣδƣȻûд㽫ôлˡ
ȻŷȻ³һУȴû˵ʾԼϲӣŷжȤζ뵽
֮ϵĴսʽ䡣
ռϷ磬Ǵʱȴ˾Ե·磬ѹŴ򣬻˺ۡȻСϺ͵ػҲˣǶءǵսǿʢˣĴĲͣѪ
쵰Ĵŭûа취
ĸղųֵǸˣٳְԼһֱֳһЩ䱸Ļսʹۿۡ
СϺ͵ػʣ֪и˰ԼоϲԼʵȫ˳
£ǶӦܹսģοڣıǣһ
ģԽԽˣվȻһ㻹֮ûС
ŷ¶һĨЦݣⶼĽǺгɾ͸е˵
գĴܣȫ˺ۣҪס˵Ĺˡʱż򺰵ҡ
վԭأһµģ˵֮ǰͼ˵ʲôһֻܹ棬أȴϽս͵ػʵֶսǻļҲҪֻ˵󻰵ķ
ᣬͲĵԷҵԼʱ򣬺û˵˲֪٣һӣû뵽ȴΣû˵Ĵ㡣
ʶһ㣬ЦݺݵĶǣ˵Ϲ۾ˣȻӦǻļңļ壬ͳһ򣬾ǻ֮λҪذ
ŭˣֱ˵Ļ
ʵܶͶļҵˣҲзģʧܵʱ򣬶ˣʲôԺҲʧܵʱǲһᱻ
뵽ܶ㯣֪Լ˻ļңǲһȷѡ
󵨣ǻļңŭȻĶ֡
ſ³һֱѹ¡
ǿƣɢ⣬ɣѹ档
һѪⱬдĵŭ𣬲ãָƽ˶̲סȻıɱˣһֲʵĸо
ӹŽ޵еǿߣȻˣͶ˻ļңȴ䵽һȻ
СϺ͵ػʶһۣ˵ֻߡ
Ļļң˰ĵļءֻ̾һ˵˴ҵΪľļҸںǵǿߣҲ˵ɱ˾ɱˣһԥûС
ļ壬̫飬ĺ
ȴûκα飬ֻЦһͲںô롣ֻҪļһֱǿƣЩ˾ǲҲʲô
ǲܵģֻ·һ
㲻룬Ǿֻ򵭵˵⣬Ҫֻ淢
ԻļҵһӦķɣһ챦ɱܶ޵Сֻű˵
˾ȣֲȻǿƣֱɱģ⾹ȻǻļҼıֲǿء
ǼıδΣֱӳж
콫Ҫˡֻ浭˵ȻҪ±
ڳʿ𾪣ֻ治»ļҵвȻҪᱦǼֱΪԼˡ
ǴЦ
һֻֻӶһսͻȻڸ߿֮ϣȫţǿʿֳűУȻĶ
Щˣǻļҵıʿȫǿ飬ռ񷣬ֱ塣
ͷЩˣкܶ޵У쾳۷壬ں棬ֻܹһС
ǻһ磬ǿƵױȵĵزһҪ
Ȼ⻹ǻļΪǿݣкܶǿδ
̫ǿˡŷ̾
֮£ףһݣ¾ͷǳˣǺȻǻļҵȫ
ûʲôø̾ģļҴڵʱ̫ԶˣػߣǹĴ򣬶ȡԴȻǻǣǿǷǳġ͵
ŷͷ뵽һµʵļҿսְɡ
ҡͷЦ˵õģļȻػߣȴƫ̻ļңΪԴһļǲģлв룬սƫ̻ļҡ
ŷһǱ㲻õˡ


2106 
ļҵ֣ǿƵ˼㣬ݣɨƽֻڵء
ļɵС𣬾
ЩʿŻĴ󺰣ͬħ˻Ͽ졣
ֻ˸ޱȣɫ
Էǿߣʵ̫ˣΧɱǡа̾ļҹȻΪһ壬̫ǿˡ
Ȼ޾µĻۣҲס˺ʱȫǶ֡
뿪ļ֮ĳͻǲܲСֻͻȻ˶һ
֪ذܣǲɢԼΧˣԼһ١
˴غ档
öԣϽȥֻ˸Щˣϵ˵ܹϣ뿪
·һǿ߳ХǶֻĵӣ̵߱нʦ
ڣֻҪ٣ȴҪ뿪Ǵޡ
ҵѪսߡħɷڵϣᶨԸȥ
дѣҲҪάһǿߣЩ쾳۷壬ȴܹսܶ޵еǿߣȽ˶ҪĶ࣬ʶǿߵͷ
ѪսߡҲûһη壬Ѫ
ֻü΢壬˵ǲ뿪ұԾڴˡ
üģſµתһ񽣣׼ԼԪһնȥֻǿûá
˭Ҳû뵽ֻ澹Ȼ˾ħɷɫ԰ףĲ֪ôˣ˶ӣɫɬ
ﲻֻ֪ڱȫǣǳ£ǸΣдޡ
첻Һޡħɷ쳤Х
ǸҲҧɷ죬ļҵЩǿߣŭɣպұļҡ

ŭ֮У˸˵Ļֱӳ֣ѹ£µϢգҪǸǿɱ
ƾʵɱңȻӵ޵е챦ҲܣǼԳ֣Ļ鲻ǸһѶϵֱ֣
Ȼ쾳۷壬սȴǿȫ
ڴʱŷ˳ȥһֻץ˵Ҫˡ
˻Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ȻͻȻһʿһ֪Ҫȡ
գҪŷ𿪣ãһƿС
ƽɫ˸𣬾ȻҪ
˺ȻʲôˣôǿƣһץסҪȻֻ棬Ҳûǰɡ

ʧɫû뵽ȻɱһˣֱӶ˻ܹоԼͻ֮ϵֱӱضϣȻǸȥ
ֻ涼̲סԾ˾Ǹǿ𣿺һԳĶӣֱ֣Ҳ̫˰ɡ
飬ѾļҼʱȻʣڷŷ硣
ŷɫĮֱѹǸ顣
ĮĿڣת鲻ĻֱɱԷ
ܵŷɱ⣬ҿ⣬Ȼų𣬵ԹŷԵ
գ鳼ŷȫƿػҲֻһ˲ʱ䣬˶ûзӦ
ȵӦʱ򣬱Ѿˣڹŷͷһ򣬽С
ǺˣҶļҼķҾȻɹˡǿһĸ޵УܵУǴʱȴֱӱѱһûУҲֲ̫˰ɡ
ǷţĶӡ˴󺰣˵ŷ׫ݡ
˻ȻԭʿѹΪǡļң˵˵ѣ챾һǿߣʵڻļҼ
ţļңҲ˵һһСӣΪۣʵǿǿƣΪһ㹻ĵ
ţҼıȻǿҲҪɫıŪˣ䣬Ǵŭ֮£ܱܿնɱ
뵽ŷ֮гԹ
ɱңɳ֣ۻûмܹۡŷ絭˵Ȼ쾳۷壬ǾˣѾľ磬в²⣬һԺֻ滹лļҼĴڣˣ޵֮Ҳˣǿ¡


2107 ǧ
ɫѿĶŹŷ磬ŭ̫ˡ
ǲɱңЩˣܹɱڴ˵ءŷһЦɨЩļɫƽ
ĳɳˣӵݺµʱȻԷǿƣ޵ж֪ж٣ǹŷȴ޾壬ֱԿս
һ޵еǣ춯أɫѿԥһ£ڴһӣ˵ɱ
޾ɱŷ硣
һ̣رɫ޾Ѫɫɱ죬˺Ѳã档
ļҴǰսϱһɱʮ㣬һЩǿĿ¡
ǹŷ޾壬ǳ
ʣӨ͸ƽһĨϼ֮ţӵŨˡ
֮󣬳һʣԴѪӵпµΰȵŷѪҺȫʺʱѾ޵ߵ˼ޣߵʿߵ۷ˡ
ǴʱսǿԶһǸеˡȨսǿΪš
𡣡
ŷһ𣬻ƽѪǰһȫըǸطֱˣһ޵УǵӣǴʱҲѣܵش
ʲôΪ𾪣һɱһƬǿߣǲһ㽫һ޵ɱȻǻļҼҲ˰ɣǿߣˡ
ŭٻԼıһѺɫĳǹǬˣָϣ
Ϊļĸֻ֣ͽĺǿ
һʵԲҡС̲ס˵ɫ̲֮ס𺳡
΢һ㣬ǲȥǹŷĶֻ֡ͷ˵
ŷ磿Ƿ𣿡СϺ͵ػɻֻѯʡ
ֻ浭һЦôɺϵ飬һʦӣһţһŷ磬Ҷ˽ܳ磬ǲǺ;۷ǳ񡣡
ȷʵЩȴ̺ŰԵȷʵǾ۵硣СϵͷһֻȻĸо
ػʸ𾪣ֲۣ򣬾Ȼǿơŷı֣һξȻҪ͹ŷһս뵽ɫͨ죬Щ
˲ˣȻļҵļҲδܹѹ벻¡ֻ̾
ɫ֮УȴһĨϲ⡣ŷǺվһģߵˣһεĴнˣԱסΧˡ
ȶ뿪λѰգֻᵢֻ洫ǣ뿪
ħɷԥһ£Ȼֻһת뿪ֻͬ˵һֻᵢֻ
˷һ֣ȻļҼԳ֣Ҳδܹסֻǡ
뿪ʱ򣬻ѾȫעⲻˡΪŷ̫ǿˣһķɻ֮ٴɱǼ·
ⶼǻļҵľ񣬴ʱȴɱΪŷ̫ˣһѪմȾȴųɱ
һˣǧлвٸ޵Уս̫ˣһֳ棬޵սˣһжڹŷȴס˸࣬ѹǡ
ֻйΪ޵ˣܹһ㣬Ȼŷ֮һ
Ҫģŷ֮⣬ûбİ취ˡ
ǣȻʹ˺սҲϣԷ̫ǿˣ޾˺սǾһϿɱһ
Щʿ͹ŷȣϣҧͷ
ڣЩļұʿѾһˣ㹻ˣǹŷȴվ²ȾѪͷϻһ־š
ɱ
ӲУʩչͨҪɱŷ硣
ǣһֻڱأһָ֣һն롣˲ҽУһ㱻ɱɫȻԪŲˣŷ֮Уǳ˾η
˺Ȼ⻹Ǹ޵֮ȫһ浹Ǹŵʵھ̫ڿˣȻͬˣҲ޷档
ļҴܣȻڶ࣬ȴɱһˡ
ɫȻʿ䵽˼㡣
ȻһսǺܴĴûĵˣµˣһ˶ǧɱǰˡ
Ҳֻǵļָۣߵ͡
Щļұʿǰŷȴ֣ɱԷһЩ޵г赲ȴŷֱɱˣŵľҿ⡣
ڹŷɱʱһ޴ӰߣĮĶŹŷ磬̽һֻ֣£ŷ縲С


2108 նļҼ
գǬţǿƵһͿ
ЩʿǵӰǴϲǴ
ǻļҼ𾪡µǿߣڳˣ˫һֻ£Ҫѹŷ硣
ĳ֣Կһ޵ǿߵţǣŽ
ŷɫ΢΢Щأ۵Ĺâᴩأÿһִͬɽ룬һ磬һƬ
ʱЩȫֻ֡
̫޳ˡĻļҼԶԷ챦ԸļҼڶĵĶ֣Ȼ˲Ҳһ־޴衣
Ǹ޴ӰüϲƵϢӵĿ£Ҫ߸
䡣
𶯣ȴסһ
ⲻΪǿ챦ǿ£Ӳּǿߣ𣬱˵һСֲùŷ֣
ıֻҪѳȥ
ļҼǼ档ŷǸ޴ӰһĨЦ⡣
޴ӰСһһŷǰֻ˴СˡŹŷ磬Ȼͷ֮УŶԾԼս㣬û뵽㾹Ȼôͳˡ
Ȼϳ˹ŷ磬һǰǸʱնԾͬʱԼսԷҪһս
ϧĲŷ翴˻ļҼһۣ̲סҡͷ
٣Ȼս˶ԷҲûʲô塣
һ߻ԣӵҰ˲ս㲢һ¡ļҼ˵ֶһţȻһ仯ҲҪ¹ŷ硣
˾ηֻ涼̲סҡͷԾԷʲôеһļҼǾ죬ǹΪµˡƻһһ
̫Сˡŷ縺ֶɢǿϢʥ˲ֱӣŻļҼɱ졣
ս֪ļҼ£Ȼһȴʮ㣬Ͳŷ硣ΪԼһ߻ѹŷˡ
˶񣬶ˣʣ޾ΪܳˣǻʵԶһˡ
֮ƣһ˲㳬Խڳˡ
Ȼֻ棬ʱ̲ס̾˾Ȼ˿£Զһ˵
ɱ
ŷһ֣쵶ֱնһĵ⣬һУɱļҼͷ­
Էֶŷ繥ƽͬնŷײ
һ죬ȫһһ̣ӳɱ˹ȥ
һ϶Ҫս飬Ǭˣܹǣ鲢еֻһ˲䣬ŷ˱ֳʤļҼնͬǹһɢסˡǣǴͷţ޵еļһ߻ӵ˲ʵȻսˣ˲䱻ŷնɱĲһ˶Ҫˡ
ܣ޵еļȻһ߻ôܰܣǿӵ˲ʵĻ
һʲôֶΣ˼Ϊ𡣡
϶û˿ɱʹĻҲһ޵С
ļұʿȫȻȻ˵ţǸͲʵΪŷʩչʲôõֶΡ
ס졣ͻȻһһ
Щȫ˵ˣȴߺޣŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ûʹթȷʵɱˣΪ˺ǿǼǸĴڣղһ˲䣬ȫֶΣֳʤҲˡŹŷ磬˵
ʵЩ֮УߵģԿһߡ
ĻŷһѪ˵ͷǼʵȻֻа˳ɣû˿ɱҲУҵƲأδӰ쵽ҵսǲţԼ֡
û˳֣Ϊŷ̫ǿˣղŵı֣Ѿסˡ
ǳĬվԲ
һΣļʧˣһֻ治£ټһǸεĵˣǾ̫ˡ
Ǽ֣˶Ϊһֻδ֡
뵽Ȼģǻ˵ߡ
ܶ˲ţԷֻһˣαؼɵأһվΧɱ
ղżݣǾ۹ŷ磬һֶδʩչǲǶ֡ɫѿǻ˵
ۣڳ˶Ȼ


2109 ԭ
ʲôֶΣ˲Ҳ֪һ壬ּĴڳ֣ǼҲҪԴܲǶ֡
𺳣۵ո֮дֻһ֮㣬ս˼޵Уͷ
ڿͲ¡۵ʵĵǷ켫ˣļҼۣһʩչļҼҲ뵲ס
ʱѾ֮Ϊǿһˣƽɣǡ
˭ҪɱˣҪĴۣȻĻԲܽô
ŷûһȺˣֻ棬Ц˵ŷǰ磬
ΪֻӦΪһ·ˡͻļҾѣֻ治ڴڻ
Ȼʵǰκδ򣬵Щδظֻ档
ļҪµˣ˭ġ
Ҳȥֻ浭˵Ȼ
ŷҲ΢΢һ㶣һ㶼ȣ˱Լ뷨УԼȻǰ磬һܺõķֻȴһΪ
ŷû˵ֻڣָһˣ˵㽫Ҵ
˳ֻĿȥʱϳ˵ݣ档
¶һĨɬЦݣֻ棬ЩΣҲЩѵζЦһſ˵ֻأɱҰɡ
ֻĶ棬ǹŷȴܹ֮У˲һЩˮܿʧ»ָŮǿ˵ӡ
ôȥˣҵĽģֻ˵֮дһɺ⡣
û˵ʵҲ֪˵Щʲô
ΪһЩ磬ֵһʵ˭ҲԹ˭ȴҲףԼΪһˣʵе̫Сˣǵܹһ㣬Բڳڵӡ
ԣһжΪԼ˿Цļ֣ǣô꣬ûһô
Ҳ֪૵˵
ɫ㯣Ĳ֪ô죿Щ˶ǾγصĴʵ죬ǧţڸ鷽棬ȴһ׳գǳ¶ʲôס
ԣʱ治֪ô죬ֻҲ֪ô졣
ŷҡͷһϲԷģȴֵһ˺
룬ֱһϥ档
ͨһֱӹֻǰ
˶ˣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼᷢ顣ø޵еǿߣ¹ȻǱƵģǻе㲻˼顣
㲻˵ҪǸ˵ҪԼӵԭ£ô˵ˣһﻹǲһˡŷں֣ãȻֻҪԼֻ洦ãȴûصǸ
ŷżֱӴɵǲǣϽǸֻԭ£лϲģھͿıˡ
ŷĴһҲϽȷ
ЩΪû飬ЩãȻ֪ܲܳɹ
ǵȻʥŷٺһЦ
һҧȥˣͻȻֻ棬ʱ绪Ůһ
ˣҴˣԭҰɣ궼ҵĴٸһλĻһִģЩһֱܻںޣʹԼзģܹһԭ£һһʲô鶼ģԲٷĻ򶫣ҲɱҲȥ¿ֻԭңʲôҶԸ⣬Щڷ֣ʲôûУǲû㣬װģҰ㡣
һĸףùŷϵļƤˡֻһֻԭ£˭֪Ȼˡ
Ƿڶʮһ͵ĵϣֻ϶ʲôЦڻ֮УıףǵһΣ֮ȺӣúܶĿɿڴ
һЩŮʿֻ۾ŹˣǶϣʱԼֻ棬һӵİ⣬̾ͻԭȻΪӡ
ֻȻһ˳ȥ߷Զ
Լθɫ԰׵˵ˡ
ŷ磺
ֻ棬Ȼǳˣһ˵ķӦȫһǸС϶۾ģȻжˣֻȴֱһ߷ƣȻǷǳзǳ£ͬ졣
㻹ԭңֵˡ
һֻۣû˵˵ʲôվߣԺҵū澣Լ˵ģ˵ʲôʲô
û˵Ҫū澰ɣסˡ
Բġ
棺


2110 ̤
Ȼ˵ֻ棬վԭˡƺܸˣоԼѪҪˡ
ĵЦݣȻߵֻԱߣΪֻһū澵ӡ
ŷһӣһ̫ûнڲˡ
ϲ˺ͺã֪ҵ飬ʲôŷûʵ
˹ŷһֻۣͷЦ˵ʵҺܼ򵥣ҲֻΪ˸쵰󣬺ΪһЩ£쵰뿪ңȫĶ֮еģҵУֻҪ쵰ڣﶼǼңҪԸ磬ұȥ硣
ĻһŮˣĸ飬ôһΪ˱ģֻΪ˸ԼĲ
ЦԼȻΪһ£뿪Ů޾¡뵽ɫӵͣԺҪúõĶԴֻ棬Ҳܵһίˡ
ܵĿ⣬ֻ¶һĨЦݣˣڸж
ȥ磬֮УѾûǵ֮ˡ˵ɫ֮΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
򣬱Ͼǵļ硣Ҫ뿪վһ᲻á
Ǿ£ҲܡΪζļ̫ǿˡ
Ǳѻ򣿡ͻȻǳ
Σ浭ʵ

Ц˵һ֣ǿƵ˼㡣
ѻˣһ³Ҫûκ⡣
Ļŷ̲סЦˣ˵ڻ֮оܹ𣿡
һ£ȻܻļҺ֮䣬ˮ˵ȥڻļҵ˵һִ
㲻˻·׼Լһ·ļҵ湻Եġŷҡͷɫ֮дһĨ̡
ļҵˣǿƹˣ˵Ҳӣ
ڳۣҲв¶һĨΪȻҲûļҺܹ֣̫ڰԵˣ˻·Ȼ˼һ·
û˸ҽеĻ˵ֻ涼סļңҪ뿪˵һûܹסļҵǿûһۻӣ˶ֻиһ
һ㶣ɫѿе²̨
ǲ뵲ǣ͹ŷԵغ
ŷĻŭҪ쳤ХջǱѹֳ嶯Ŀ˹ŷһۣһԲת뿪
ļ뿪ȻʧˣȻսѹ£κǿߡ
ŷɫأŻļұʿ뿪Ӱ˸
ܿ°ɣ֮УļΪ𣬴ʱֳһ޵еļҪˣʱҪڻļҵѹ֮²ֻ浭˵ȻǵжԣǶڻļңȴǳϿɣΪв̰˷ʵ
ŷȴЦˣ˵һļҶѣҪ̤ǲܵģ֮ǿšһһļҸ͵סĶ֡
һһĲʳأǸʱûбַˣ͸овַˣҲ޷ԮǸʱˡֻ̾
ǻˣѵϣ̤򣬳𣿡ŷеֵʵ
ûʵ˵µ򣬹磬ͽѿеһͷ̺֮أ컯ǿ߳ϳȥӹŽһԤУ絽Ĺͷ컯Ļֻ֮֡о˸˵ԼĲ²⡣
ŷ粻ÿɷ컯죬ȻĴڣõһֵĴУȴŷ簵նˡ
һԤУν컯УУõ컯еˣδػкý
˻ҪԼһжģҪ̤򣬿ѹأӦң컯졣ŷŵ˵תԣʥ
ʸ˵ֻرٹһЩ£ǿ󡣵ʱ֮У˭ܵУǳ֣˭Ҳѹƹŷ硣
ֻͷϹŷ˵ʸ˵ֻҲһŮӣ绪ޣǺ͹ŷȣȴ˲٣ûâɣպգ
ڲ˵Щʱ뿪ɣŷ˵
ڻˣϾ˼ҵĵ̣ļĵҪɱǣǻΣա
ϾһưǿļǾǿֲ㣬һĲһУûʲôٲġ
ŷԶԶδﵽԼ۷壬ĵǸ磬η壬ѹһС
ǰ硣ֻ濪ڡ
ػڣҪ磬ȻͲᶨƵĸСϡ


2111 ϵ߳
ļҴػļңһʱȥ˻ļҼ
͸ղŵĻһһӢΰӣվڽ£ڲͣزܲסϡ
ͷһ޴ͼһǿ߳չԼͨأȻͼ֮С
̫ˣȸղǸǿ˲֪١
𷣡ֱӹڵϣԷ𷣡
˻һֱۣӺ˳ȥǿ嶼һƣǴһˡ
ԡѪɪɪ˹ˣ¹ڻļҼǰ
ʧȥ޹أΪǸ̫ǿˣʹҶϣҲûбʤİգϾйղžǶĳͷļҼ˵
ĻϲϽͷһм
Ϊʧ˼رԼˣȴû뵽ļҼûɱֻ΢ͷһ¡
ΪҪǸۣǼ֣ɼļǿ֣նɱǸŷ硣Щɻ˵׼ΪʲôҪŹһεĺûᡣ
ŷǱֻҪϹӶܹδﵽ޵Ум·磬ɱһ߻ֱ̫ˣһɳ޵У»ļҵļҲδǶ֡
ɱȴļҼЦһû˱ŷǱ
һɱŷĻԺд鷳Է죬ޣһĻҪ޵ˣֻгǿߣܹɱ
ļǿƣȻøֶҲܹȡ
سֱʣһϵ֣߳ʵ̫ǿˣΪǿˣȥѹǸϵˣһڻ֮УĴ˵ļҼɫ൱ÿ
ϵߣǼ޵еĴʣʵǿ˼㡣
ؾȻֺϵˣ϶ǸնɱǸĺϵߣʱ֣ԲܹųȥĻ򽫻д鷳
ʱȥɱŷ磬Եе㲻ˣϾŷ籾ʵ㹻ǿһˣ߻ϽսֻȣǴֻ֣漸ԺͻļҼ
ֲûļҼľȥǿɱŷ磬ǻĻȻҲ
Ҫ˵صĺϵϢǧҪȥĿֻŵģ֣ǻļҵڶǿߣɱǸۣպٺ㡣ļҼ磬˵
ǷŹŷ磬ֻʱĲֶѣԺ̤磬Ҫժ¹ŷͷ­
ͷȻ뿪ȥˡ
ڹŷǣǳ˳ͨͨ·صʱ򣬹ŷһ¶Ȼɫ
ôˣЩֵʵ
ŷңأ֪ΪʲôļҼѡǶˣŹûᣬԭ
أô£ֻ治⡣
֪һЩųƽأ˲꣬ǻûļҴ°ɣػʾȵʵ
֮оһ³֣ϵߡ
һ˹ŷ֮⣬ȫ̲סȻϵߣǺϵĴڣʵͬ
Ǹϵ߽һ֣ʵĺǿȻΪ䣬ʵյһˣȻܿ¡ŷɫء
һڣܵҲʧȥ޵еʵǾԱһĸ޵УӿֲΪҲûй˼ˣԶΪ
䡣
ڴʱһɫ׹˸סǣ̺ſԻ
ڳ֡ɫɫ𺳣ʶһ㡣
ޱȣѹһУ˳֮ˣ˿ɵȻǿƣǸεĸ֣ǲһսһˣǿֻһЩ˻
Ȼˣǻûг׵նɱ
ˣǲҪʱפ㣬һҪǱ֣δزһɱŷɫ裬˵
뿪Ϊáֻ涼˵Ҫ뿪
ǴԽͨ뿪֮С
ȥһ뿪˻һʱ֮䣬ûΣաڻǿߣҪҲǺס
ͽܣˡһХ֣ӣκι֮ǵۣҪнľһ㡣
ȻùŷЩȣѵʲô飬Ļôȵǿߣλֱ֡


2112 ⸺
ŷһϽʵʦ𣬳ʲô飿
ʦֱ˻ˣһһ˿鶼ҪɢˣϽȥˡ˵֮г˽
ˣһʱ¶żɫʦֶǰȻһЩᣬº˺ֲܶùŷкܸж
ܶ࣬ĵӣڱˣ۴һ˵ŷ綼ûɲż
ʦŷʵ
ʼѧԺ˵
ŷͷȻתһۣٽһֻǡ
Ŀɿڴֻ桢棬Ƕǻ֮еĴŷôƭˣ
ǹ۵׷ߡֻЦ˵
ĻǽڴˣԼͬǿߣȻԼͽܵ׷ߡڻ֮УŷʲôӵľʵȻĻĸֶ׷ġ
ʱҲ˲ôˡ
һȺȫУʼѧԺŷɫһ̤ǳɽ֪˶Զ
־磬Ȼ춼ɵˡ
ԹŷڵٶȣȻȫŷûʩչȫûиʱˣԼͽܣľˣʵ
𺳣ŷŶ󣬶Ҳ쾳۷壬ʵˣԺŹĳɾ͡
ʵˡ̲ס˵
ŷͷڻ֮У
ûΣΪǰ죬ǹŷε֮һȻΣȻһ۱㿴˹ŷĲͬ
ڵʵ벻ˡ̾
ȴûʧ䣬Ե÷ǳˣϾһˣܹӵһʵԼͽܡ
ʤ˵ĺǹȴûмܹ
ӿˣʵҵǾãɱĻǶδǹŷĶֻ֡Ц˵
ʲôôܣţǾһսˣҲǽңӵǿʵҪɱǳѡ
֮Уѣ첻ΪܹѹԼǴʱֻȴ˵ŷܹѹԼԼĶ֣ʹҲš
ŷ֣ɱļҼһ߻ǸӵлļҼİ˲ʵ油
ˣļҼʲôˣ֮жĴڣʵͨ쳹أϣҲûбʤİաİ˲ʵҲܹɱҪɱȴԲܡ
ŷܹɱʵ̫ˡ
Ҳûʲô˲ģҪˣΪʵ֮ϣһ˲ֱ֣ɱˣһ飬ҪɵĻô׵ġŷ˵һ㶼Դ󣬶˵һʵ
ϾԷʵȷʵǿ󣬲֮еκһǿߣȻֻһ߻ҲɵС
ܹɱһ߻Ҳʵ֣Ϊϣмܹһ㣬֮жûмˡ̾ϿԼͽܵʵ
ŷ粻˵ٽȥԵе̫αˡ
һõӡ̲סЦ
ǽٳʼѧԺ󲿷ѧԱɫߣŷֵʱ¶һĨϲɫ
֮е˶֪ŷ粻ǿߣһһҽɣ֮䣬ûβõơ
ˣһָܹġ
ȻҲЩ˲ǺֹۣΪ̫ˣֻʣһ˿飬ȻˣҪɢˣøͨסͬʱĸ޵Уάֵһ˿飬ɢ
ĻͳŲŷѾˡ
һʵ죬Ҫָ⣬ʵ̫ˣ΢һⶼҪ
ԣǲҶȵŷ
ŷ翴ʱֻһ飬Ĵǿ߶֮УǿıԴάĲࡣ
ŹŷĴ޵Уȫ¶һĨϲɫ
Ƕףȴ߹ŷ磬ⶼǳʼѧԺǿߣͰ뱲֮ʦѣڳʼѧԺĵ̡
ŷ۲죬¶һĨɫ
Ȼֻʣһˣ滹ҪٵԪ
ת죬ʵʦǺ˳ֵģ
֪ڳʼѧԺ֮б͵ϮģҶûо쵽֣ȵоʱѾɱˡЦ
ŷһݣ춼ûзǺ˵⣬Ǹ˵ʵƿ¡
ʵѾڲǰ޵ˣܹϢһɱ˲࣬Ҵ֪һǿߣȻü


2113 а
һ֪ĸ֣ȴ˺ݶʵǿˣһв
ŷûʣ˵ʦ־Ȼһоͻˡ
׼֣⡣
¶һĨϲɫŷ˵͵˵еľȣ£ȻˡԼľʵ̫ˡ
һӣԼĴӣҪסˡ
λǰջԼٳˡŷ˵
ĸ޵УһۣЩԥһ˸˵һջ˲ɢ鲻ʱľȲˡ
İɣڣκġŷ˵
ŷĻȴĿ졣
ŷ粢Щ˽ܹǷǳ⣬˱֣ŷֻˣȻ
˵ǶԼˣоûһ㲻õͷ
İɣŷºзִ磬κġ˵ڹŷΡ
˵Ǽǿ߶һۣͬʱͬʱŷһɫһ˿ס
ݶʱĸ޵еǿߣ̲סĿɿڴǾһ㡣
ڹŷ绹һ㻳ɣʱȫʧŷ֮Уһ˿η
ŷûǣҽ֮ڣ̷ǳ죬ƽ쳣û˵һ顣
ֶΣĸ޵У̲ס̾
ҲԹøֶΣǸǶʧˣΪǳ̡
ǹŷ֣ȴһ˲һУǸ̾ҽ֮鴫
ûǵ𾪣ŷ֣ʼָ顣ԿһûУȫ
Ϣڷı֮УٶȾסˣֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬ָˡ
⻹꣬ŷ绮Լָ⣬һɫѪ䣬һϼһ˲أ貵˼㡣ʥϢѪ֮д𺳡
ֳԵѪǻǵһμȻΪǿĴڣҲûмֱѪÿһѪԽʥҩΪ𺳡
һ뷨ǵõ˹ŷһѪ⣬׻ʲôӵĽ
ҲֻѡͷһͲȥ
˵ģԹŷʵܹ֮õһѪˣԲ࣬˵ûмˡ
ңȻЩΪǿĴڳ֣Ҳһܹٷ֮ٵ
ǻǻڹŷǰ֮ǰŷʵĲ²⣬֪֪ʱŷʵǸʱ֪ǿ˶٣벻ͷˡ
ŹŷĶһ˳У죬쳤Х
⣬ߵӣǻָһ꣬üĿаҺ㲻ݡ
ŭ쳤ХϵĴǶһƬһǺʧΪһƬء
а֣о˸˵аӣһ˵أ֮УҲùҵĶĿȻаеˡ
ҧгݣ쳣ŭ
аһĴ򣬵һһɱĸˡ˭Ҳû뵽޾¹ȥˣа˾Ȼһٳ֮еǿߡ
ʵаһаɫѿɱڡ
аһǺ˰ۣȻ֮ΪЦ
һһɱа𣬽ҳʼѧԺҲҪȥа֮һͽܻʦͽ֣սа򡣡˵ŷ磬Ҫ֡
û⣬аˣҰļʦ֣ҪһѵˣȻԶ֪ߵغġŷЦо˸
ʱŷӦŷ磬ʱ֪ô¡
ŷϹһϿҵ˵лʦˡ
ŷһϽ㿪ɫ֮Щ˵˵ʦûнҵʦܰɣȻľٶⲻʦѿʦˣֶΣȻӦΪʦˣͲⶼӦõġ
һ⿪ڣҪκ
¶ɫЦʦֲԣʦԭ¡
⻹ࡣŷٺһЦ
Ҳ̲סЦˣ͹ŷ֮䣬ʦֵܵĸо
ʦ֣İɣʦܺʦΪģʲôаʲôа򣬸ʦ֣ҪǸۡŷȻ˵ȻĹ⡣
ԥһ£˵аЩСǵǶаĻԵЩ㣬˰ɣҶѾˡ
Уа˱Ҫۣİʦ֣ǵСܲţݹҲûмҵĶ֣ССа򣬻˲Һʦ𡣡ŷɢǿţȻһֿµƴϱ
Сʦܵڵʵҡһ䡣


2114 ǿѹа
𺳣ǺˣսǿߣŹãã֮У˸˵ܹһʶ۷ǿߣڸ޵֮Ҳǿߣ޵еһȺ֮һȴ˵ŷʵ֮¡
ǣ˶֪첻˵ŷӦʵ
һˣһûУﵽʵʸʶһ֮ʵϣŷ֮еĵλһ֮
뵽ŷ񶼱ˣ̲סЦΪͻƵ˸޵о磬Ѿǿˣǵ⣬ڿԶأСʦܶѾԽˡ
ɫ֮Щڲ֮ǰʵԶԶڹŷ֮ϡǸʱĹŷ磬˵ǳСŹ˶ãȻͻˣ˸޵еľ硣Ѿŷ糬ԽԶԶˡ
ôⲻЩӡ
㲻úСʦˣ֮УǺȵĻҶҪˡЦ˵
˵ͷŷȷʵ̫ˣŶ೤ʱ䣬ɳһˡ
ȷʵͬ˵һƽϵĻͽĸǿߣҪΪ̫ŷˡ
СʦȣֱŰЦ˵
˴ЦȫͬŷԼıӣԼô̬ôûио
ȻڹŷʵǳǿˣһΣСδһָо֮еıֿҪˡ
νı˰ŷһѹȸУʵǲ
컯ĴУһıζС뵽Щŷоͷǳء
ˣȲ˵ˣȽаҳŷЦ˵
ֻҪа֮Уŷ綼ܹҳ
ҪҰ𣿡ʵ
ˣһԣһССаѣʦͽ֡ŷЦо˸ֱһ̤񷡣
ŷŸ̤ڴ֮ϣ˫ӡһ֮УһִͨһֻҪԷ֮Уʵŷ磬ӵù
ͨأһĲƣȥ
ʼѧԺ˶ЩãȻ֪ŷʲô
Ǵ˵еһͨһ쾳۷ǿ˵¶𾪵ɫ
ӦͨˣŷҪʲôѵҪԺĵҳҲɻȻϳͨȴùŷܹɹ
ѾΪ޵УܹϢһɱˣʵôܺǸ޵֮еٮٮߡ
ŷʵǿҲܽǿҳ
ǲùŷ磬ȴҲû˵ʲôϾŷΪǵԺͷȻ̫ķϻǳɹʧܣǾˡ
貣򽫹ŷûȴû˳֣üͷһ壬ЦȻѾ뿪ˣΪܹӵùҵѲ
ŷЦֱһȭʥ죬俪һϣ˶ɴ۾
һƬɢͬϢ
а򡣡˾ˣϳǸ
𾪵Źŷ磬ȻһͨаͨȻȶҲֻʱģͨҲ̫ˡ
˭ðа򣿡һһɿµ𣬳ʼѧԺ𶯣ԷϣȻһҲ˹쳣¡
һ޵֮еٮٮߣа֮еػ֮һʵǿ
ŷû˵üķ⣬罣ֱն˳ȥûа
һѪ˲ҽУֱӱƬ
𺳣Ǻεһ磬һشԷһ޵Уʵ̫˰ɡ
ʱʼѧԺеףŷ粻㣬ҪɱԺҳֱƿһǿƳ֣նǵػߡ
žŷֱ֡ûа֮УһϢץ˹ȥ
ŶԷŭа֮һµϢȫֲ˼㣬ɱֻ֣Ҫ
ŷߣһ壬ͬʱ˽ȥûа֮С
һսаҡиǿƴɱʱѪ䣬ձŹŷĴ˳а֮С
ɶðаץǿߣնҸ޵УŭʮǿҪ
ڴʱһӰǸ
ǽ֮УͷųԼϢء
а֮еǿƻˣ˵ˣϳ˽һϢȻһѾûˣֻҪһ˴ڣǾͲӣΪĽѵʵ̫ˣа򶼲һ㸲
뵽Ǿ̲סĿ
ҪһаǿߴЩġ
һֱֻĨƽǸͨǡŷǿƵеף𺳡


2115 а
һֻУץһˡ
Ǹ˵ʱ۾ʱŭа񡣡
Ȼ˾а
ʱаڹŷĴ֮ͣҪ޾򱬷ӿ嫺󣬵Ƕãȫŷѹƣ޷
ſҡаŭ
ŷЦһֺֻ£ʱаҽСҪסŷɱãѪһˡ
ң˭ġŷ絭ʵ
Ҳ˵ʲô˼аɫ䣬װŷĻ
㻹ǲʵŷЦһֻֻ£аУֱ
аɣ貵˼㡣ڸ޵֮Уǿ󣬲ȻĻҲ˲һɱͬ⡣
ֻǣڹŷǰȴԵôޱȣŷƿأɣݺݵš
а쳤ХȴһôûУڱѣȻ޸壬ҲûκãȻڱ֮С
ʱĿ־ˡΪԼıԴڱĥʵڿٵʧ֮С
ţΪ޵УԴ嫣ҪĥԼıԴֱǲܵġǴʱŷȴˣں̵ܶʱ䣬ıԴĥ㡣
ס֡а񾪿ֵĴ󺰵
ŷȴ·û֣а񾪿֣ʼѧԺ˿һĻȫ̲סľŷҲ̫ǿˣҪǿһ޵УȻɱҪѵĶء
ǴӹŷϣȴһɫеֻǵȻ
ԸΪһһ׷㣬סֻ֡һʱ䣬а񶼳ԲˣȻ˵Ļ
һ޵׷棬˵۾ˡ⣬Ҫùŷס֣ҪԷа档
Ͼ޵εǿߣǺ׵õҪ׷棬Ǹ̫ˡߵһһ֮еţӵдǻ۴û˿Կ϶˵׷档
ǣŷȴûһ
һЦ֡
аˣԹĿһ۹ŷ磬ȻҪɱңҲùͣȻҪԱ
һ޵Աжһ붼̲סҪĺ
ܶ˶ˣԶȥĸ޵жһ
ŷȴЦҲСһûа֮У͵ָĴС
һ޵еԱ춼סˣԼСӣԽԽͨˣ鶼ܹ
ȡ
ŷͻȻһüķ⣬һС˳Ԫֱû˶Էʶ֮С
ʱаһɫã
ãŷԪ߳аӳȥָ쵶ֱն䡣
ۡ
һ޵еǿߣŷɱ
ŷ£ЦѾҵҪɱʦֵˡ
˭
ʱüʵ
ɱȻ˳ɷ
аʣʦӦʶ˰ɣŷʵ
ԭһ⣬Ц˵аʣҽ֣Ҵ˴һնɱû뵽ȻȻʦֳ֡
ԭĵֲ֣öԷҪءǱǾãκ⡣
˭Ҳû뵽һŷ֣˻ǿƴа֮Уֱץааˡ
Ҫô죿ŷʵ
ааʡԵ˵
һŭˣҪƽԷ
ŷͷͬЦ˵ȻҺʦǰаѾ֪аˡ
Ǿͺãնɱаʣ˳а򣬱ϾһǿƣʵȻվܵסԷΧ˵ȻţǲԸ
Ļŷͷ
ʦҲһȥɡ˵
һۣ˵ȥʲô𣿸ʵĴѧԺ֮УкüλѣҺ͹ŷ粻мλûܹ¡
˵ֻǣǵʵһ𣬾ԳԽһ죬ڳʼѧԺ֮УڳʼѧԺ֮УҪбϡ
ǡίҲֻ˵ֻȴ̲סЦԼһ޵оȻ˵ɶˣʵ̫ˡ
͹ŷһʣȷʵ̫ˡ
ʵ̫ˣԼʦʵ̫ǿˡ
͹ŷȣҶҪ
ŷʩչֱͨӺһֱͨ˽ȥ
ʱٵͨǿߣͨΪѹʵ̫ˣȻŷǣоٲά衣
վͨˣа֮С


2116 
һа֮УŷǾܵ˹һ޵ɱ˹죬ŷ£Ҫɱǡ
֣һȥǸ޵һֱӺ˳ȥпѪ嶼һըˡ
ʱǸ޵кȻŵĶ죬Ȼתߡ
ʵ
Ǹߣаʵ¡ŷ˵
ͷںǸ޵Уֱаʵϳɱ˹ȥҲո˵󣬻ˣΪ
һɽ˸Ųʥ⣬ϴػȻŷҲڶʱ֮ƻ
ô죿üƵҪѵʱ̫ˣ˵Ǻܲһ顣
֪ƽķŷ˵аʶ֮УѾ֪һУԲǺܵġ
ŷֱ֣ɽĴ֮ϡ
һӣڴʱŷ籬ֱӳ֣Ӳ
䡣
һ죬ɽһ룬ǻٵ˴롣ʱǴΪʱʱŷȫ֣һٻٵһĴ
ɽ֮УһŭĳХһǿ߳˳ǶŹŷ졣ͷһ۵ӣӢΰޱȣʱͫһ
죬ʲô˼ΪҪٵҵĵаʴʣ¶ŭɫȴûг֡
ܣа֪ǺεǿûаսɱңȻ϶׼аʲһܣʲôǿܡ
аʣҪһ˵
ĻаЩ飬ѵԼаɱ飬Ѿ֪ˣôܣаԸ񣬼ʹҲ˵Լָʹİ
֪а񱻹ŷץ˻ȥֱֶΣаʶ
˵ʲôôףаװͿʵ
Цһ˵е˴ɱҵĵӣûеϣаʣǰӲˡ
аͨ죬ŭں˵˵ҴûмĵӣλȥɱĵӣҪ˵ԴϿʺӣĻֻܹ˾޳ܡ
ҿ޳ܵ㣬ҵȻ̸ֱЦŷЦ
ŷĻаɫ΢΢һ䣬ĶŹŷ磬ɭȻ˵죬СȻ˲أٲ죬Ҷˡ
ֻС𣿡쵭˵ֻаʵ֮Уһ˿̡
ߡаߡ
ʦ𣬲֣ѵСһվ˳һ쾳۷壬ʱȻ˵
ȥɡаЦ˵
ԼĵӣܹѵĵӣǻǷǳӵġ
аʵĻǸ쾳۷壬վ˳ȻŹŷ磬Ц˵סҵʡ˶֪˭ɱġ
Ҫ֣Щζ
аЦм˵죬㲻ǲҰɣĻҵǾͿҵĵǸСһϾӣҪһģܹ̫ˡ
׳գ֮սһ֮㡣Цһ
аһû˵
Ҳ˵սϾԷѾļˣǲսĻԺа֮ж޷ˡ
ְɣһСЦ˵
ȻޱȣŹŷ磬ûнУʵϣаһǾԵٮٮߡʵǿ󣬿쾳֮УҲ֣֮ͬս˫
á
ŷ絹һ㶼ûѣֱӳ֡
һֻ£Ĺȥţǵŷ֮ʶԾԷ̫ǿˣִֻѹޱȣûдҪɱˡ
ԣ쾳۷壬ʵȸ޵жҪǿˡ˿־塣
㵽˭ŭӣҪˣѾˣΪȫŷˡ
ŷ硣ŷ˵Լ֡
ɫۡ
һ̣飬ѪȾ񷣬ŷһƻɱ
һĸ޵УסŷһУοսԶԶ޵С
񡣡аĴĵӣر˼ǽȴǰɱˡ
Ҫаʴ֪ŷݣȻǳˣҪɵŷ硣
ĶҡЦסаʣǼս˲佻ǧٴΡ
аʺ˵죬ʹ֣Ҳܵסңұɱ
ΪǵɱŵסģˣǵĲָⱨ𡣡̲סЦ


2117 
аЦ˼ˣǾԼǹŷĶ֣аʺ͹ŷ罻ˣȻᱻŷܡ
콻֣ȴԸˣǸɱ˹ŷ硣
޵УаʵĻֱŷ˹ȥ
ŷɫ䣬߹ˣȫûиܵǵв
Ծ۵ʵǿȻǸ޵УȴսǿߣֵȴЩţҪúú;дһ¡һ˵ϴɱŷ֡
ûд⣬һаƵĳ֣նŷ硣
һˣŵһ컭ꪣͬ£ʱձ飬µɱ˺һС
˳֣ȫµĹ
ʢ֮ʿ磬Ƿ˵磬ҪҪжӦʵСԣȻΪŷ粻ԼĶ֣ҲûУʩչȫ
ŷ˫չֻ˳ȥ

죬޵еˡһ̣ŷ籬㣬۽һˡ
ݺݵקס˶Էһ첲ֱһ˺

һҽУǸ޵еĸ첲˺Ѫӿŷһ߷˳ȥ
󣬹ŷתָ쵶ֱն䡣
գУһſŹը飬֮еĳǸ˱ǹϣ˱ı顣
һĻסˣ⻹쾳۷һ˶ս޵УȻ˿ٽ˻ˡ
ʵ̫ˡԴﵽ˸޵֮µľ磬ڸ޵֮Ҳ
۵ʵȴ˵֮еĸǿ
޵Уֱ֣ѾˣǿߡһָоҲŷǿ
аǼˣŷı֪֮Լ鷳ˡһԸˣڹŷǽ޵УһɱʱȻʵǿҲ·һ
ʶһ㣬аʳЩңȻѾˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷˡ
һ߳Ǹ˺ֱ۵ǿߵϿգһŲȥ
ۡ
Է飬ѪȾ񷡣һԪƳȥȻ˹ŷıɱһҲˣԪ񶼲һȫˡ
ɫ֣̿ԶӶݡ
ŷޱ飬һУԶһ쾳ʿıֱӴ֮з˳ŷ˦˳ȥ
ۡ
һֱӽǸ޵еԪһɽ֮ϣԪҽУҪѳȴܡ
ŷתһ޵Ҳˣֿ
ЦһŷһȭֱӽضգԷסȻһȣǸ޵ը飬
һĻסˣǴͷţһ֮£ɱһ޵УȻаҲ
ʱаʺ棬Ҳ·磬ѹŴ
쳤ХȴһôûУʵԶԶ֮ϣаֻʣмܵˡҲҪߣǵһߵĹŷʱȴпɬ
йŷһߣҪӵܣԷ̫ǿˣаʿʵ֮ϣҪߣضҪŷ繥ʱ
аֻܹȥֱԮĵ
֤ôǿ޵жɱˣаǿߣѾ֮ܵ󣬱ֻҪŵǸʱˡ
̫һ𣬶ʱаһϲ
һȺǿ߽߰ˣȫǸ޵Уǿ󣬱ȹŷɱ޵жҪǿĶࡣ
ŷһֱӵǼ޵еǰ档

һаǿߴ˲ͷŷ粻ֻһ쾳۷壬ȻҲҵסԼֱ
һŷ£Ҫɱ
ŷЦüĵ罣ɳȥЯ硣
Сģ֮ǰҽǸǿߡѵϳ˹ŷݡ
ֻѾ̫ˣһ죬նϣŷ֣һȭǸǿ߱ˣԡѪ
ŷ˺󣬶ǿߵһ˵аǵģаʱаҪսĻֹǡ
ǺˣȻ˵ĻΪԼܹ𣿡аǿЦɫ
ʱһɢɳǸͲġһʧҪаսδжԸ⡣
аеˣֻҪǲᴥŭȺ˵ġ
Ҵ򣬵ǿԴʼѧԺ硣ŷЦ˵
磬ƺЩǿüͷ̲סһ塣
ǹŷ磬ۡǷӦʶŷݡ
ܹˣֻһǾ۹ŷ磬Ҳֻܹ쾳۷ʱӵ˿µʵ


2118 ɵ
Ϥŷ֮ЩЦм˵ǿһֱѹƣĶǻһôѾˣʱȻа鷳ҪսҪսǱսҵȲ塣
ǸֳǿɭȻ˵۶ϣԹڹŷϣҪһ
ĻǴа򣬽쿪ʼаĵˣΪˣҽֶΡŷĮ˵ǸֳǿߣĿɭȻѹԡ
Ǹֳǿһ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵ˣ˱ŷѹˡ
Цɫ֮дһ㲻мǰȻ˵սΣʲô
նɱľսҵҪжٸ޵йɱġŷ緢ݣɱȻ
̫ˣΪԼһܹ죬аеôС㲻ܺСͷǸǿߴΪаʦаĸ޵֮УҲǾԵٮٮߣ֡
ŷû˵ֱж֤ԼĻ
񾳽磬еĻԣҲǶŶԷΪʵ
ֻתʱһִʵԻаʦС
аʦХɫ֮д𺳣оãͨܿ£Ҫֻء
ҪãŷʵǿһһקֻصС

аʦıѪȾˣȻ赲סʵ
ֻתɣΪʱһˣԷҪɱ׾١
аʦ
˴󺰣һ֣סֻء
ŷЦһֻرֱӻԵĹ֮
һȺ޵ȫɳȥԡѪǺȻĶŹŷ磬Էս̫ˡһ֣Ȼȫɨɳȥشˣһ㴫ȥ
ֲùŷ˵ҪնɱǵľսʵԿõ
Ϊﵽ־磬ȻΧɱҲѻɱŷˣ㹻£û˸˵ܹɱһˡ
ǻ𣿡ŷЦ
˳ĬʵϲԷµȻҪҲûκãֻȡˡ
ŷղŻˣȻûɱĻȻɱǣҲܹǴ˵ĸء
ʱаŭ𣬱ѹƣԡѪԪ񶼱ʮϰٴΣıԴݽˣ͵סĻɱ
ҡаʴŲסˣսȥɡ
ǣаʦĬȻûж֣ΪĲǶ֣һս˽ȫ𣬲Ǿ۵Ķ֡
ۡ
аٴα򱬣ѵ飬Ȼ쳤ХҺްԼĹ֮У˻ɱͬųȲңŴޡ
ԹͬãȴûԼȥ죬Ҳ䵽һ
Ļ߸ȫɫͨ죬ЩǶһۣڻǾˡ
ϾԹʵ̫ȥˡ
ŷ²̤شɫʥһĨϼޱȣһϨ¯һ㣬ޱȡ
Ŀɨаʦˣǲ֮ӣʱĹŷ磬̫ˣѹƵǶ
̾ϢȻ١һǿұǰЩˣҪǿơҪ֪ŷڵΪҲֻ쾳۷壬һ㣬ܹ޵Уȴǵͷƾȫѹǡ
ߴǿߣгֵʱȫٴĬȻΪĴ򲻶ȥ
Һޡаٴδ
һ̣飬һɱķѴͱԴŸա
ڴʱŷһܵһӴϢ𣬿ֲ˼㡣
аһӰԶ֣ߣĮӣŹŷ磬һֻԶԶ̽˹ŷ縲档
ϵߡ
ŷһǺϵߣǲڻ֮Ǹˣаĺϵߡ
죬һֻ£ǬҪ顣
ŷɫأڳ֣£Ԫ΢Ĳܵϡ
ҵŷ˫ֽӡȼգͷųµ
ͷųֲܣޱȣҪȸߣתȫŷڽ£ĸ˵
֮ɱֶΣ֮翪һµ棬ΨҶŲᱻѹƣ·硣
۵Ĺⱬϣӵϯ죬һֺֻݺݵײһ
аڶҪˣػޣȫ߸аĸ޵УǺɳȥһ㱻ನɱȻˣҲܵµĴˡ


2119 кϵ
ȴûбŷ絲סеսನ
аʣҲǾǿ󣬵ܹ棬˵˵ѣʵԽаʦˣȻĻҲܳŵסôʱ䣬ûбȫɱ
âɢȥǸϵޱ飬֡
һϮͷų㲻ϢϢʥǹŷȴиܵһӴĻ֮
ǻ֮ǿ˲
ˣӦûܹס˲Ŷԡ
ŷЦһ֣ӿѹһУǻִ̧˳ȥƣһרķڸգ֮ײȻȫ֮סˡ
ŷһǵһζ챦һսȻ׵ĵס˶ԷĹ
ֲö˵챦רŶԸģ仰Ȼ١
ϵɫһվңԶʣٴγˡ
µķ˲ڹŷϣһ˲ùŷ򱶡
ŷһ򣬾Ȼһˤüͷһ壬һ嫺ѹȡ
䡣
һƬǬըŷѹƣٴԺϵߡȴЩأΪɾڵΪ˭ܹѹ޵еĻļҼУ޵УҲܹɨҲǱһ޵Уо
ֻҪǸ޵еĶǿߣ޷Թŷѹ
ǿȻһ㱻ѹƣȻ¡
ҹŷܹоⲢǺϵδʹµֶΣǿҲҪѪǶ֡
ۡ
ڴʱ쳹նɱаʡ
ϵ¶һĨŭɫȻаʵǷŭ
ХһҪɱ
ߡ˵֪ϵߵĿ¡
ŷͷûԥֱӿһͨ˳˽ȥ
ϵߵĴĹͨ𡣹ŷһɲģͨʧĻǾͻʧܻ޾֮䣬ҵ·
ʶһ㣬ŷ粻ҵһֱ˳ȥͬʱһ߻Ҳ˹ȥȼգסͨ
䡣
˻ŷˣҲûͨķֱˣղһ˲䣬ȼǳ׶סǸͨ
ˡŷһ
ͺϵߣǲԽģԽ֮ǵһ̶Է֮еĵѹơ
һ޵еǿ֮Ĳ࣬ͻúСױɱԣȲѣǲ׷
Ȼ˻ص򣬶Էͣˣû׷
ŷһ¶ͷϵĺˮ̾ϵ߹ȻǿҲǶ֡
ȴûз֣쿴񣬼ֱڿһһ
ͽܣҽŷ֣һ̬ͻȻ˵ùŷһ¡
ΪʲôŷȻԼô˱̬ˣ
ܹסϵߵĹȴһƶûУʵˣ쾳۷壬ǽ޵еĻѵĿЩڴЩ˵
һ˲ɾͳѣܹսŷܹģԿ֮Ⱥӡ
ˡŷЦԼôղźϵߣûȫ֣ȻǸϵҲû뵽ԼȻܹסĹ
ȫֵĻŷҲǶ֡
ˣֿܣҲԼܹʶǱж£ʵϣȻ޵УҲеôǿȻȸ޵Ķ࣬վ糬ѣȻĻҲܱɱҪĳѣ֮еи޵ȥֻһǶ֡˵
ҵϣԼôţơŷһЦ
ϵĵӣʵ̫ˣ⣬δк֮սδᡣ
磬һһˣⶼǷǳֵ顣ǳΪ޵֮˵ŷǺܶ飬Խˣķ
ȻҲŷ磬ϵĵӣκ˶ҪصĶࡣ
Ĺŷļû˵
˹۲һܵĻǾʼѧԺԶһƬ׼˳ʼѧԺķֱӸ˻ȥ
ǻعʱ˶ڻŷϵЦݣǾ֪˴Уܳɹ
Ӵûаˡ˵ȻҲµ˽ǻ̲ס˷ܡ
ǹŷĹͣѹЩǿߣͺϵҲ˼УҲδܹնɱаʡ˵
𺳣ŷ羹Ȼܹкϵߣ̫˰ɡ


2120 ʱ
ҶѡŷЦЦ
ڳ˶֪ŷǫ飬ǶپߣһǷסھԵʵǰνĽңֻһЦûκνҵ˵
ŷܹ֮һ㣬Ϊ㹻ǿ
ˣѾˣԺע㣬Сı֮δеˡЦݵ˵
֪ܸˣΪһõӡ
ŷ̫ˣ˭ӵһӣҲ̲סġ
ɢȥŷȴѧԺ֮Ѱңһɽ֮ϣһٻӰӰϧ
ŷ߹ȥӺ汧ס
ѾͷûСŷ˵
ǸŮһûתֻ۾֮УоӨˮ䣬ۡ
Բһ뿪Ҳ֪ԼĽ֣ҲǺһҲܹ˽ȥԭҡŷε˵
֪Լһε뿪˺Ůˡ
ѵΪҲܹͬ𣿡Ѿͷ˵
ŷҡͷȻǳ˵֪Ժͬȴǳᶨ˵
ֻҪһţҾҪţˣҲҪ֤úõĻţ㶮ԵЩ˵Լﻰ
ˣҲҪѾͷţⲻǲǰ
ѾͷֲɵȻָܹ飬ҧԼĴͻȻѹֲס˳
֮ǰԼίһֱĸоڣȴ֪ԼˣˣΪûʸֻͬҪԼúõĻš
ָ飬ֿһʡ
ԲҴˡѾͷ˵Źŷ磬ԼĴ
ӵǣŷֿѾͷȫΣ˹ŷһۣ˵ҪӦһ飬ԺȻҲҪһˣʧȥ㣬ҵûκ塣
ĸˣҾˣҲĿġŷЦ
ĻѾͷסص˵˼Һøж
ŷ磺
˶Ѿͷ飬ŷҲһ£ڵʵԱԼߵˣܵ˺ˡԹŷŻҶѾͷȻĻ벻ֱ뿪
ŷԸѾͷҲԸ⽫ΣյС
ȥһ顣Ѿͷ˵
ʲô
ȥʦ𣬽˺ͺõȻȥ硣ѾͷȻ˵
ԭ飬ŷȻӦ˵ͷ˵û⣬ھȥ
áѾͷ˵
ŷ磺
ŶѾͷְܹܵ
ŷּһЩѣʱܶǵΪĳɳˡЩ˱Ǹ콾ʳ׿ΪŷԭǱʼѧԺصչˣʱΪѾܸˡ
ܶԪЩ˵ȣѾ쾳۷塣
Һָһ䣬Ҳ콩ʬһǿ֮ʬ廯ɵĽʬܶ߹ŷ硣
кǣһ˰ĵطǸطǿ߶Ծնɱ˺ܶˣղġܶڣֱӾס˹ŷ硣
Ҳɫһ䣬֣𾪵˵Ǹʱǿߣ
ӦǣǸʱ񱻳ʱǿΪʵӦþǳǿߣһǿߣڱ˰ū֮еǿߣձһսҾͲ֪ˡܶ˦˦ԼԴֻһЩƬΣݳ֪Щ
ݣԼǺˣȴȷʱһ֣ǳǸǿߡ
ˣʱ˰񱻳ܵĤݣȴ飬ֻҪūձһս˰ͨضϣҲһ˵˵Ǳ˰ģǱŬҲ˵һЩĹż֪ġ
ЩżһЩƵĹЩͷҪԶĶࡣ
ӦôˣһֱҲ˰ҪٴνˣʧһЩҪѰأЩغһһأ˰ٴƿ򡣡ܶ૵˵
ŷͷأ֮棬⻹δȻܳһ˰һСģҲҪصʱūۣΪ˵ū͡
Ӧûһʱ䣬żܶ˵Ȼŷ磬ǴҾָˡ
ŷȻȻɫڣʲôЦһ˶Ա˰ˣƻᱻһʣ¡
ЦЦŷӣЩƵ˵


2121 һ
˴ЦҲ֪˰Ľ٣ĳһ˿⣬ǲܵġʱǿĽѣˣҪһ𣬿˰
Ϊūͣû˻Ը⡣ΪߣıΨҶ𣬶ǳ̤۷ˣ϶ˡ
ˣȲЩ飬ǵʵҲˣҪص磬ҲʱˣҲѡǱޣϾսģӦǸ޵еǿߣ˶УҵϣͻƵ޵вŻȥŷ˵ȻͶѾͷһ뿪
֮ǰ˴ǣԼܿʱԸһصģ͸һߣҪֱΪ޵еģҲ
һжǿȫҵѡ
뿪ʼѧԺȻڵĵطȥһɽɫûдػȴ˸ð
ɽۣ֮һģӣڸ١񣬺һУ񣬶֮С
ŷӶûз֣Ǹûʶǵĵһ
ȿȡ
ŷɿһ
̧ͷ˹ŷһۣ浭һЦ˵ıеҪĶ֮࣬飬Ѿͬ⣬Ѿͷȥɡ
ô򵥣ŷ綼Щ㶡ģ˰ֱ̫ˣ
л档ŷϽл
˹ŷһۣЩ档
лʦ𡣡ŷ縣ϽĿڡ
ãѾսǸϻǿƴа֮Уɱаʣһܹжλ޵УѾɳˣѾͷ㣬Ҳˣסһ飬ԺһܹѾͷίȻĻʹѾǳǿˣҲ㸶صĴۡȻ˵֮г˶ԶѾͷĹġ
Ѿͷж˽ĻУһʦȻ۵Ĵޡ
СѾͷôᣬֲʦˣʱСڵʵһ磬Ҳ˶೤ʱ䣬СŮ̬ǳѣûʲô˵ġ
ԼͽܣһӢۣг˸ˣбʲô޾£ܶණѾ͸ˣ֪ʲôӵѡ񣬲ȷġ
ţͽܲޡѾͷС˵Ȼ˵ޣỹһĵ
ùŷ綼ЩˡȻŮ˶ˮģ鴫
̸һ󣬹ŷ˱Ҫˣ뿪磬һʱ䣬Ҫĸϻȥ
߰ɡѣٴǰ档
˫ᲦңҪһͱ
ŷͻȻվˣ¶һĨЦ߲ˡ
ΪʲôѾͷûиӦʲôԣЩɻʵ
ŷû˵жʮָᵯʮִָᴩգһط
Ǵձ飬һȺǿ֣߳ȫǸ޵С߰ˣʱɫĮŹŷ磬ɱȻ
ۣûйϵĻϽ뿪һģǿߣɫļУһսָŹŷ磬ɫᡣ
Ǻˣŷʵ
¶ȻɫΪӣΪĻߣǰɱ档
棿Ц
ˣ˸޵Уһʵ浥ϵĻ治˵
Ȼŷû˵ҲףԼʱʵѾԽˡЩܹвǶڹŷ˵ȴδؾв
˵Ҫӵʦ֣Ȼ˵ҵ飬ǿЦ
ӶʱףŷһҪˡЦһǺ⣬Ϊǿ̫ˣа˸޵С
ûһ޵Уܹ׵ĶԸϵͬǿߣǹʶȻŷһҲں
Ȼ㲻ߣǾһˡĮ˵űɱ⣬Ҫɱŷ硣
һۣŷ绺³֣
ת湰֣Сֵ֮ʦ֣Сʹʦ𣬽ѵһ⼸ˡ
šͷû
Ҳ뿴ŷʵ񵽵ߵһ
ŷڿն԰˸ǿߣָԷһɡ
󵨡

С
һǳ⣬ϴŭݡȻ֪ŷطһ˿ɵмλ޵УҲΪԼ˵Ķ֡
һ֣ɱСӿڣûѡսҪһ֡
ɱ˵ģǱд裬Բôء


2122 
˸޵У涼¶ɫֻӴܵһ·Բеڶ·ߡ
Щ˾ǿ󣬶Ƿףһĸ޵вһеٮٮߣκһˣѷɫػǶ٣Ŀ޵еݣĲ
˸ǿΧƱ㺳أ򶼷·ڲסǵ
ܶľԶԶ˹֪ĵֻʲô˾Ȼצӣһôǿơ
ľҽӽֻܹͨ۲졣Լ֮䣬Կ˵µӰ֮䣬ӵһֿµϣ֮䡣
ʿãûһܹסǿߣȻǽǿҲһ
ʵҲˣݣҪ˱ܣӲ
ǾʱһɸӵӴϢǿޱȣѹ˻ϣΨҶããɫѪתһĨϼѹƬ񷡣
޾֮⣬һЩǿ߶ɪɪֱӹĤݣл̿֡
ʲôˣ棬ûôǿơʿΪһ쾳۷ĴڣǴʱȴڲͣĲƲס
һǳµǿߣԽǵ֪ǿƵ˼㣬ǰ˸ǿ߶š˾ͨԼһĻһ̣˫ըͷ­һ㣬һ䡣
ͬʱܶǿ߲ҽУ˸ղǸ˵³һЩ̫ǿĴڣֱˣֻһصѪǡ
ܹ۲죬ǿߵϣܵһ֪̽ջͨȻĻпǿߴ󺰵˫ĿѪһҪ޵еǿڣҲ䵽³Ȼһִ־塣
ֻĸ޵Уܹͨ۲쵽һУǵֲӰתϢͬǵ˫Ŀʹ
ǺȻ˾ȻµزϢͲǿӣǣױܹǻС
˭˶ڲ²⣬̫ǿˣֱ˵ǿǰģδôǿ˳һϢø޵жоأҪһ
һǿ飬ͨͨڿǸ˵òɴ۾ֱܡ
˸оĶʱף϶ǶϤǸ˵ݣȻĻġ
˶ʣѯǸ˵ݡ
ۡǸһ۾ˣʱɫȻڵŷݡ
䡣
򼸺ҪըˣۣǸСôܣǿս򣬵ǾûϡŹ˶꣬ôܱôǿ󣬼ֱѹһУ֮еǿ߶ܹУ͵סϡ
ۣûп۾˵ԼԲǺ˵˵
Щǿ߳ĬˣȫȻôһ漣̶ûж೤ʱ䣬ָһ˲ɳһ޵ˡ
ƣѹһУ˭ܵС
ʵϣӰǿߣһɫѿ֪ˣǰ̫ǿϢѹƵǴ
ԼӣǾԵ޵Уǿŷʱı֣Լ֮ӵһ˿ɡ
һǱսԼӵǿߣʵ̫ǿˡ
֣ɱӴδ뿪Ϊǵ񣬻ûдɣܹ˻ȥҪ֣򲻹߲С
ǿ𶯣ǳǵ飬һſŴ׹䣬ʧ
ǿޱȣϽ𽣡ƽǹȷѹ˹ŷһˡ
Ȼ棬嶼һǰһĻ¹ŷ絲סΣյĻһʱȥŷ
ŷվм䣬ɫ䣬˫ֳſһ̫ͼתסй
Ͻ𽣡ȷѹ棬̫ͼȴûƵŷûжһ¡
ʲôǴʧɫǿһȻֻֽԷ̫ǿˣ޾ǵĹȻվԭأܣҲ˲
֣ҾͲôǿߣһ˾Բλͬǿ߶սʤӴһǹŷʩչʲôǿķֶΣһ˲䵲סǵĹ
ǹŷʵȴûдﵽȺ˵ĵز
Ļ˵꣬ŷЦü֮й⻪һ罣ɳӡ
ۡ
üıһѪԪ罣ѪˮӺȥʮס
ΰ壬˵ϣһ޵бɱʧȥ
˺Ȼ¶𺳵ɫһͬ飬֮ǿĴڣǻˡ


2123 
мתҪߣŷһ˲䵲סǵȥ·Ǻ
ǻȾѪ嶼һˣֻǼ򵥵һײȻܵ쳣ص˺Ѫ
˭Ҳ߲ˡŷ絭˵նϣ״ޱȣز
սһĸ޶ҲֻǺսһλ޷̽ǳΪȫסŷĹ
ƴˡԷһ˴ȼձԴĳ˹
۾죬ŷ֣գлӿѹһС
һ챦Ҳ˿µܣһ޵еĲ֮£ӵĪ
ŷֻһȭ档
ǲһ΢ǸȻڹѣһ㱻ˡ
ôܣȫ
챦Ǻεǿ󣬿Ʋ࣬Ϊ˶ԸǿɣĪ
ǴʱȴŷһȭˣҪٵ
Ǹ޵ȼ˱ԴҲڷˣܱˣŷ緢
ŷߣͣĳ֣

ȭͷ뱦ײͬһ㣬˺ȻǶôǿܹһ㣬챦ײ챦ĳơ
䡣
һ죬ˣƬȥǸȼձԴĸ޵жˡŷ縩һȭԷ飬
һ޵бɱת֮䣬˸ǿߣֻʣˡ
Ǿ壬Ҳ߲ˣŷʵǿ̫࣬һ˲佫
Ҫɱ˵ģȴ䵽һزпɬѵˡ
ǾʱһӰԻ֮С
ʱ¶صɫ̤ǰһס˶Ѿͷ
ŷŶԷ˵ݡ
飬ѾԲҪָΪʱˡĲȻһȴǳǿûѪֵϣȴ͸һϵζѹ
һ꣬Ӳһ̬ԶǸ߸ϵġ
飬֮е飬òҪ֡ڣû̶֣Ȼ˵Ļھ档
ǼĻ𺳣ǿƣ˵Ѿǿˣʲôʱ̬ȣһָͷԷ
ģֻһԭǾǹŷ̫ǿˣǿϣԲ˵Ļ˳
Ҫɱӵʦ𣬻ҲҪ֣㲻̫Ц𣿡ŷЦɵ򲻹ھܹӵõʵȻʱҲ˵ɱ
ο飬Ȼָ۷սǲһ㣬վ뻹ûͨ
ŷӲɵˣЩԾԾԣҪ鼤սһ
ҲܵŷͻֶΣ˽⣬ԺԸ͸аˡ
ҪôڣĮ飬ŭûʲô
ҪŷһЦ
Ŀ棬ڹŷϣĮʵγ
ɵǣɱĻһھˡŷ赭дĻʣµߴŭ

ֱ̫ˣ˵ĻɱûһȺ˶ڴŷ֮г˲ơ
٣Ҳη壬Ըҳںǳ⣬¹ŷɱǡ
У޵УȻһ߻Ҳ죬նɱŷ磬ԸսΪĹؼʱ̣ΪսӰ쵽ҪԲʱǿƳ£ɨ
롣
ŷ翪ڣ磬Уֱӳ嵽һµĻǰ棬һȭ򱬡
ǸԪѣҪ룬ŷüĹ⻪һһȥԪɱ
Ļ߾֣˺Զŷ֮УһšԻˣȻҳ֡벻ͨŵò
ü¶һĨŭݣ˵ˡ
ŷֱһָȻɱһˡǸ߱ɫԶݣȴŷ罣ɳɱ
̫ǿˣƱ̬ˣɱĸ޵е
ʵϣЩ˱ҲûôãܹŷУҪƴһսԿ˹ŷ硣
ȴ˵ӣͲҵֿȻҪ
ԹŷֶΣֻҪ֣ǾǾɱ
ɳһ޵еüġŷ糤Х٣ư˻ϣֻأһߴѪ
ߣ˲Ļʣˡ
ڳˣһָͷ£ȴһ㣬ᴩأŷѹ档


2124 
ƺƵϣѹأȻȱˣȻֲܿ
ǰĹŷ磬ԵĵֿˣǴʱȻһ㾴ηĶûУ쳣ѣǸָͷŷ罫ȥɱǸ֣Ǻɱһߡ
üĹ⻪һޱȣ罣ɳһɱǹŷһ𣬻ž죬һͷ졣
䡣
նȭͷ滯ֻأȫڹŷȭͷ棬ɢſµϢ
ȭͷŴͬĲ˼飬һָͷײ
䡣
ȫˣһЩǿƵĸ޵УͨսǴʱһԣܵ˴ˡ
ּսʵ̫ˣȻִڣȻҲ޷ͨս֪սڣǺεǿ
ɫѪɽڹŷģֻһˡȭͷըѪܡ
ĮȻ飬Ȼվֻһָͷϣȫ飬ȴûѪɳԵЩ졣
ⲻȻҲ벻Ѫ֮
ɫĮ֫Źŷ磬Ȼתߡ
һĻͶѾͷЩȻЩ⣬ԷȻսˣתߣǵϡ
ŷȴû¶ɫǺٺһЦ
ôĦʱʵ𣿡ʵϤ˹ŷ뷨Ҫһ¶Էս
ֻһ߻Ҳ֪ˣھԲĶ֣һҪĹͷȻҲܹսȻĻղֻӴˡŷӣЩƵ˵
ΪԼ㹻ǿ󣬵һȻѹơ
򲻹澪ȡ
ŷҡͷǴ򲻹Ҫսһļʻᱻɱа˳ɵİջɱ
˵Ѿ㹻ˡ֪ŷ϶Ǻ˵ʤʡ̲ס̾ˣʱľãֱ̫ǿˣȻܹѹסһȺǿ¡
д˵硣ŷЩɻ˵
Ųʵһˣ飬ΪһЩˣǸʱԳǰˣԶﴫͳ򼶵ˡЦ˵ʵ֮б飬ɳһƬأμӹһսȡ˾˵ս
ҲΪʲôҪɱԭԲʱҪľ㡣
ԭʦȻаˡѾͷȵ˵
һֱ˵Լûй飬Ѿͷ˵ûʸ˵Լ˭뵽ֻ˵ѣй¡
ȥڵĵطŷͻȻ˵
ʱ˶һ涼ЩŵʵҪʲô
ڵĵطǿɲǼ򵥵ĵطһǳŷʵǿҲĶ֡
ԲĻһʱˣԲл·𣿱ȻҪһѪսŷо˸
ôһݣȻҲʶԡһԷԲ϶ɱķ
ʱ򣬼ǿ󣬱һսʱҪǿĶࡣǣȴ˽һܹγЧͳһԣǾһɢɳһսԻᱻơʱȻǿ߶ɱˣҲʲô顣
İɣֱӽԱʵǿҲҵңҲǸʱֱӻص硣ŷٺЦΪĬ˹ŷļһ͵űɣҪͲܡ
ԹŷڵʵʵһǿķԱȻҲҪܵµش
ڵĵط󷨣󣬸޵н붼ҪǾԵסŷԱټһطǲĻᱻΪƽء
֧֣ҺһȥʼѧԺ˵һ⣬ûԶ
ҲһЩǿߣҪǻٵڵĵطʱ޷ԲǼһＴʹų飬ƻҪŭֱɱҿɲһЩǿһ𣬿ıһ֣ء
ŷ磺
浹ǷǳѣΪ޾µˣѾΪһֱܣĻȻһǿ˳ѳȥҲδܹڡ
һֱȥˣԲçͷԵĶǳѣԼ֪֮ʲôʱʲô顣


2125 ŭ
һ뿪ǰʼѧԺ
֪ŷĴ֮󣬶˵תߡ
ʦʲôŷʵ
ɽ١˵
ŷ磺Լʦ³ӣֱ˵ȥɽˡǸһ
ɴ˿ɼĿ£ǿ߶ûԡ
ãһȺǿ֣߳он˹ŷһۣЦôǣ֧֣Ȼпܻǳȥվʲô£ܹ뷨Ǽõġ
ǰˡŷЩǸ˵
ҡͷĿ棬Źŷ磬˵˵ʲôۣǲٵ򶼲Ǻ£ʱ϶ΪޣԲָܹǰʵҪ޾ĺڰ֮У·
һ˾ηĴڣԣɴ˿ɼжôĿ¡
Щˣ㹻סˣȻǿ󣬵ǲԲԲѪƴģĻȻɱǣҲҪٵ룬˵ǵòʧġо˸˵
ŷ˵Ϊȡʱ䣬һղָԲһղ֣ǾͶһϣ
Ҳһʱ䣬˳ѳȥ޵򣬵ʱҲģҲܹһЩ׼շǳֵһð
ŷͷȻҲһ㣬Բľ֮ȻĵˣҲǵԮ֡ͽԮֺѣĴڣܹЧֿűĴ֡
Щаֻ֮ǿսǴֱ룬ȫΪǿƣǿƵԭаԽֱͨӽ֮С
Ǹʱ򣬲Ľˡ
ԣԲܹûԲָ۷ʱʵ
һȺǰ׼͹ŷһ뿪ص֮˽ܡԪ˯ܶȣǳ־ﵽ쾳۷壬ʵǿˣȻ޵УȴҪعˣػԼļ硣
ҲһЩѡػԪӵˣҪʵǵ޵еľߣȻŻع顣
ΪڳʼѧԺ֮У̫ǿ߿ȥѯʣǽ
ҵȻصҲһȻҲи޵УǲǳʼѧԺһ˽ʱԽǵɻָ
ŷҲǿʵϣЩ˶ܹΪ޵УȻŻص֮С
ֻǣÿһ˵ѡ񶼲һŷҲûȥǿԼ·ܹȥƻֻԼѡ·ϣǲܹ۷塣
ص֮УҪð˸աܶ˵
ŷͷ˺ǲܶˣ޾֮ǰһֱҪ˺ͻָѰ֮ڿѾȫˡ
ʱҪæͺ˵һŷ翴˲ܶһۡ
ܶͷûƴǣΪõŷĵط
ŷһ⣬ʧͬʱڵĵطȥԼϢûб֣ĸ˹ȥ
ڹŷǣǺܿͨǰ档
ŷӦŷжã¶һĨЦݡ

ŷһŹŷȣ죬һڲܵµĹɳһ㡣
ǿ߶ɫȻ֪ʲô顣
ֻһЩ޵еǿߣʶ˷ʲôʱһɫ԰ףϽҵطݷ
֪һ϶ҪĴ䣬һ쵰ȻȥϮڵĵطʹֶΣֱԱΪΪǿԱܹġ
Ҫɱ㡣
һӰڱըλмվ쳤Х¡¡Ǭ˹Ž񣬿µɱŷǾ
ߡ
ŷ˵ֱӴŲܶ뿪֮ͨС
ǵӰ׷˹һ̤Ȼ֮ͨǰֶ̫ˣֶΣȻ۷壬ҲЩˡһԽôľ룬Ǹ޵жҪһʱ䡣
ŷȴģȻΪҲ벻ҽ֮СĻǾһ飬пܻᱻɡ
Բɵ¡
˲䴩Խ֮ͨС·Ǳߵ쳤Х˷ߺޣȴҳȥΪһȥҪԵһȱǲܹԸġ
֮ʵ˵൱ģǸкεǿʵǿߣϱ𣬸ӲĶ֡


ʮ ˰


2126 
Ǹ̤磬Ҫ磬ĻڵһʱתȻɡ
˵ͬĴڣĴ֮ԼڵʱӾԶԣֻҪһǣ
Ȼֹ쳤ХͨһˡǿϢ֮У˲֪ʲô顣
׵壬е󲿷ֹסϣȻΪҲĤݣǶǿߵһֱܵľη
䡣
ǣתͷųһϢѹһУϢЩһվ飬ʧȥһ
ǺȻҪ֪ǶǿʿȻսߣҲʲôӵĴڣȻˣֱе㲻˼顣
ŷһȺ˳ֵʱ򣬻Ĳǿ߶Ĥݣ̾
ԪǾȣȻû뵽ŷ֮УȻѾôͷˡ
ĳЩ˸̹ŷ֣ȻǷĵģֱߵ
ŷޱȣʱûһЦݣѲ죬磬ᴩһһ磬ֱ硣
һĻ𺳣۵ܣԽԽɲˣǿ˼㡣
ǲڽ֮ϣһ˲Խǧٸ磬硣
ŷ֣綼ڻݵ۵졣
֪֮еĵλȫǸܹȵģһģֻֻۡ̾
ƣ˭Ҫ̾
Щ֮УΪߵͣȫڻߺ۵֡
ŷЦЦ˽ݵĹ֮СʱһȺǿ֣߳ڤǰӭӡ
磬ڻˡСȥ͸ŷһܱ
ܼкöûмŷˣɫһֱǰŻع飬ʱüŷ磬Ȼм
쾳ãҹŷֵܣҲûжŷһɫ̲סЦ
ǧʱ䣬Ϊ쾳ǿߣ㹻ˣȻ޷͹ŷȣҲʾСܳ콾ǳɾͻ߶ҪΪλ
ʹȲԶˡСЩơ
ɫҲվƣΪһα𣬵ߵ˾ͷҪͻǸ磬Ϊ쾳ǿߡ
֮УԵЩˣԯݺͬʱǿߣ쾳ߵһԶĵزҪ쾳۷ˣͲһ
һ㿴Լڶ˲ŷǳ⣬ɫڵΪ⡣
츳Сȴδ̤쾳ùŷǳ
Ϊ˭һ̬ٶȣΪα̤۷壬Ѿˡɫ˵ֻɫ΢΢Щ죬Ƥ񣬵һȺ֮У˵ԼţҲе㲻˼ȻҲһʵ
һһǧα۷Ĵڣӵ۷ۼսֳɾͺܾˣΪ֮£ֱ̫ˣߵһһʮ꣬ⶼš
ˣٶȲԺҪúΪ쾳׼顣ŷɫࡣ
ԪǶ쳣һԼΪ쾳ʱ䣬Ǿ̲ס졣ǰһȺȣʵǲ̫Զˡ
ǰ߲Եʱһͺɨ޵У죬Ǵʱ쾳Ҳֻ㣬󻷾ıˣ˶ڱǿڻҶ㲻ˡ
֮УҪΪʿҪߵΪ
ҪһСͷĿҲҪαΪߣҪΪ쾳ǿߡִڣڻ࣬ҲûС
ǶţŸߵľ硣
ԺŬɫֻ˵
СӵϣôһѹͻȻڣɫ֮ЩȻ
оѹֱǲܵġָоȴʵĴڣ𺳵˼㡣
һЩΪڶܹǰˡŷ˵ֻе̫ǫˡ
ۺǿ󣬵ҲֻεĴڣ͹ŷһսԲǶ֡
ͨЩʱյദϹŷļսѾʶŷʵ޵ˡ
ǰֻ̤볬ѾǿߣҲܹһսһ˵˭ܹʤ
ڸ޵ߵ˼ޣȴδ漰Ǹ򣬻һ
ֻǺܵǾˣȴ̲סȻ۶оѹڹŷʵǿʲôز
ڤͻȻͻȻɫĳǹŷ硣
Ҳ쾳۷壬һʵԿ޵Сʱ֣һֿµܣĲ
ǹŷȴЦһᵯָǹɳȥȻڰһشڤǺʮѪڡ
ɫȻĲš


2127 ̫
ڤĳڣֻ𺳡һ쾳۷壬ʵĺǿԼ֮伸ﵽ˵ػǸεս
ˣ̫ˣһɳе
Ϊ쾳۷֮󣬺ĲСڲŷ֣֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽˡڤ̾
ͺ˵ˣ㲻Ķ֣Ҫһ£Ӷ˰ɡ߹һֻƣ̲סȵ˵죬ôϻ𾪣Ȼʶˡ
˭ذħҲʱǿϢ֮еǿߣ۷ʱʵһԻֻأһơ͵
ʱ˳Ծ۷ʱڵսöǿ
֮УǼ˵ǳˣǹŷǹҼֱΪҪٽˡЦ˵
ռ˵ʱһΪʲôء
ģˣҲһ˳һʱʱΪ𡣡ٺһЦһݡ
ģǶһԶʱĳƺǸʱǿƣͨȻ׳֣Ϊ̫ǿˣ뱻ϡ
Ǹʱһˣ޵Уϻ죬ģǸʱΪ
ںǿ߶Ȼ޷ͺԣǿ𣬰ԵϱȫݷԸ֮䷢ͻ
Ǹһעʷ£֪£񳯵ͻȻʧ٣֮䣬˴սսлԻ͡
һͥʧΪʷ֮еĳǸĵĸǿߣͬʧˣҲ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼˣұǵߡ
֪ͷľˣʮڵľ壬ʥҪϳȥȻһûдɣҲֻʱ⡣עһ磬֮жǿߣʹ֪кöҲû뵽ͷ
ŷ絹һ㶼⣬õʱ򣬹ŷѾϤݣ֪
ϼһﻹôȤôʱ䣬ȻҴˣںܲˬеˡˬ˵
ɷ岻ѣһսɣ˭ܹ˭ֻվ˳ɾǣɫڡ
һ仰˵ֱӱˡ
ֻЩڻ֮ʹ磬Ҳ޵ˣ֮ǿߣ˭Ҳ˵ʤ
һĻŷ̲סЦ̲סһۣһȻֻ
˴ЦŷΪ˽ܡʱǲ֪ԭ˾ȻΪ˶ܻ׷ɱ֮еġ
һǿһǿƴȡģһϮҲд鷳
İɣأҴģĳ֣ǿԷġŷ˵һš
һʱ˹ŷ˼
򲻸ҴģˣΪмҪȡ֮򲻿֪ܲ£ܹûģĽ룬ǲء
ңңҲ벻ҡ
ģ֮УǱˣǿ޶Ǹʱľʧȥ˺ͶԷ۵ʵ
Ļ鷳ǵʱȻ뿪СЩ˵Ȼ˾ϵɫ
˵˵ô粻κˣǼȻˣǾǵѣǸҳֵĻȻ޻ء
Цޱȣһǿʵŷ
ȻѹΣɱ٣ȵҵȫɳе˶Ҫ
ڤĻȴû˾˵󻰣Ϊʵ
Ҫģǻ⣬ڲ⡣ڤ˹ŷһۣɫ֮Щء
ŷʱף϶гʲôˡ
ɫһ࣬ʵôˣ
̫죬£һ飬вٸ֣ռ֮ķ֮һĵ򣬳һ򡣡ڤ˵ɫ֮Щ
ŷ뿪鶼ǽģڣȴ֮гһˣʵ
̫ϣȻҪ죿ѵûʲôӦ𣿡ŷЩԾ
Ҫ֪۶һ죬߳һḴգʱֱɱҪˡ
ѾʼˣδжĬһһ
ŷ̲סһ˵һŵ˴֮У۳ּ


2128 ǿ
˽ԻȻԹŷڵĵλ֮У˭˸Ҷ̬ȣֱּе㲻˼顣
ڤǵɫħЩС߳ǳ⡣
˸ˣʦּûʸ񡣡ħҲΪ쾳ǿˣһ˫ˣ硣
̫ʹߣŷּǸĻӦ
ŷ˳ȥһɫս׵ĴڣŹŷ磬һ־Ӹµơ
̫Ҳûʸҽּʲôŷ絭ʵ
Ǹʹ߶ʱŭˣŹŷ磬ŷ磬̫ˣϣ죬Ϊ̫ɣ㾹Ȼ񡣡
Ҳδһ¡ŷ翪ڣأھ𺳣Ȼ󻶺
ǵۣ޵еǣС
󵨣Ȼ˲ȻһħּĻ̫˶Ҫʹߴ󺰣ġ
⵹ùŷˣԷΪ޵УӦò֪Ŷԡ̫ȻɹˣҲδܹʵٶʱ䲻ӵУŷкܶ޵Уһս̫ϱȻ
ʹߣȴǿƣǷУ˶̲ס֡
˸ҶҸ񣿡һµϢ𣬺Ȼǹ죬ЩʵһֱڽѾﵽ쾳۷ˣһµƣʱ֮˽һֱǸʹߵĻ
һֱ̽һֻ֣գԷڱ¡
ǸʹߺȻȻľ粻ȴܵһֿµѹһֻ£Ҫһ
䡣
ûκԥʹҲ֣Ǹּ˳ȥһϢ䣬
ʹߣ̫ϡ
ŷüͷһ壬ᵯָǵּ飬ʧ˵ǰ
ʹߺȻǹע̫Ϣһôܴ飬һô򵥡ʶãŷʵп̫ǸĴڡ
ʱѾûʱôˣĹ£Ĺʹ߶̲ס
Ͻ֣һѴָ֣ꪳŲ죬Ȼ֣˳ȥ
ЦһɫѪڣͬгϼתֱǸꪣȻǸʹߵϡ
һ޵еǿߣֱӱ飬һ㱻ɱԪԶʮȻĶŹ졣
ֱţǿͬԼȻսˣԷȻһΪ޵еˡ
ʱĹ죬ֱƵڶŷ磬ĸһǿƣ̤쾳۷֮һĸ޵ѾС
̽һֻ֣գʹߵԪѹУûһ⡣
Ǹʹ߳ХǸӲȥˣԷ̫ǿˡȻᣬȷʵаʵͲǶ֡
⻹ǹŷĶأŷųƾۣ繲𣬵жǿ
̫ʲôȻҪҸ׽֬˵㣬˶Ҫ£ƿǸʹߵԪŷ
סЩ˵˵
ԴŷЩοǧĹȥˣԼĺҲɳʵǿ󣬿Ϊ˽ܡ
ܺá
ŷֻ˵֣ȴùǳá
Ӽֱǵڶ㣬ɳһѾ޵Уҵս޵Уӵ߲ʮУҿҪܹ죬ҲҪѪսһڤ˵۶ͬ˵
Ϊ̫ǿˣ쾳۷壬ʵȴһµĸ߶ȡ͹ŷ粻һԼһ·ģǽ˻ĴУǰ˵ľޣϱʾͷǳ£ߵһû˿ŷ粻ÿɷ񣬵ǹȴˣڤˣҵʵԶԶ縸ףҪǺһսĻסУԻᱻɱ
ڤǴ󾪣ȻΪǹΪŷ⣬ΪʵûбҪߵһŷѾԻˡ
Ҳ˵ŷʵпܱеĻҪǿ
ŷ磬Сʵ˵ҪɱңҪöСͻȻڣʳһ⡣
һŷߵһۿԴΪʵǹŷѾܹɱˡ
ʵֱ׷ˡ
ŷĬһ£˵ƴɱĻ˼ɺʮ֮ڣǰ
ŷĻϣ𶯹Ž
˶𺳣Ҫ֪ŷǰվĿɲһĸ޵УһĶǿߣҪĴڡ
̫ϻ̫죬Ȼδȫɹʵȴ̫ϡ


2129 
һڣŷ羹Ȼ˵ʮնɱʵ̫ˡ
ݹҲû˸˵ĻŷʵĴﵽһĵز
۷ǵûʧ䣬о˸Ц˵ҵڴϽ̤޵Уʱʲôʲô̫죬ˣȫĶ֡
Ǹ磬ѾԶˡŷ˵
ԶˣһȻ¶ϲɫ
ãʱ㡣һȺ˴Ц
ǺֻǶȾˣо֮еսѪˡ
ˣŷһƽ硣һ統꣬Ȼȥǧ꣬ȻͶʮһĵһ
鲻ܷչΪ˷չ۸ˣȫѡУ֮С
ͣûв
ŷˮĽֵ֮ϣһӰϢĳ֣ڿŷһ˲䣬˵ϣһ
ǸϹŴ񣬶ҲɳˣѾ̤αľ磬ıֺۡ磬Ҳܹš
ܲҲͬԼ⡣ŷЦ˵ֽαöԷ嶼ڲֽһҫȻΪαҲۼսˣҲѪڣǵͨ졣
ŷһЦǺ⣬һ̤ʧ
һŮ·ƯοˣͬһһȥҪˡ
һʥϢŮӵɢ֮ġ
˰Ůӵʱһ˴ӲԶ߳ȻһѽŮӱڻС
ԶŭˡǶǸˣ˲ΪʥŮ񣬴ʱȻ˱ڻˣǼֱգɱ˵ĻŷѾ˲֪ٴˡ
ǸŮӴʱתֱס˹ŷ磬˵Ϲڻˡ
ŮǱˣûкŮһ𣬶Ƕһڹ֡ʵϣϣǶһ飬ǰһһֱһ
Ȼ˵㲻ʲôҲǻʵˣһ̤ߡ
ΧʱһƬƯһŮͬŮȴϹǾ
ܶˣҪǰ׷󣬵ǴʱҲϢˡ
ȻϣȴòϣֻǰˣŮŮӡ
ȻӢһƣе쳣Ȼʲôһɢľ
ţˣӽԺҲõܹ˵ˣһ̨ףвŷʱϲ˼
ȻЩһ֣ܿȴҲһֱһѹŷųƾۣ˭֪ͷ̫ˣΪƲ޵СһֱһѹȸУǼ
Ǵʱŷȴ˵Ļζţǿе֡
̫ˡ
˼
ţǻɣǴԲŷЦ˵
˵ͷֱóһֻͨһĺ롣
վû뿪ȴõĹ
Щ𾪵ķ֣һŮ֣ȫǾǣһڵ˼㣬ɡ
ǲǿˣǸŮ˲ԯڵĴ찡ѵҲʶϳԯ죬̲ס
ǸʥĸٻȻҲˣѵҲǸйϵֿһŮ˵ĳ֣ĴҺʹƼң˳ʥĸʹȱ
ǸŮˣǲǿˣ
ߵ˲粺ͬһǣ˾ȻǸҲʶ찡Ҫˡ
ܶ˴󺰣ϳЩŮ˵ݣһŷǳˣչŷŮ˶֣ΧŹŷ磬һʱ֮䣬ǿۻҡ
Ǹǣ찡˵еŮ񲶣ԱסﷸûһܹӵǼܶǿݵżһ
ˣǾˡ˲䡣
ڴʱߵŷǰǣӶɳˡ
ˣǣǻؼҰɡŷЦȻû뵽ԼĻǶôľס
ЩŮˣȫš˿ΣľԼӦΣȻĻôῴ׵ĳ
һǿˣ뵽
һҽͻȻһֵĴЦҹȻΣһ㶼ۡ
˵ӣ㡣һ̣һ׳ֱӰڵϱᡣ
ۣΡҽе
ˣ


2130 
ŷҲЩЦĺ͵ĵƣҲ֪ôչһġҲһЩ˵һķչž˵ԣһƵʵͦġ
뿪ŷ类һȺŮΧƣȫɻˣ֪ߵУ˸棬ɫ֮г𺳡
ֻǣŷǵķ䣬Ȼκ˶ģû˵ЩˣȻ޵ҪҪһЩֶΡ
ǻ֮ǰŷĲãڳֲã޵˶ҪԽǿˣĴԽǿ
ǣˡŷ籧һڣȻ§һһ£Ե÷ǳ
ǴûйģΪʱĹŷһˡȻҪɱҲܹһɵս
ߵһŷҲܹƷԱס˵ˡ
˷ܣָǰѵӡ
ڳŮˣʲôˣһ˲֪ˣ飬Ȼܹоһ仯˶ʶˣ϶ʲôõıˡ
Ϲʵԯʵ⣬ڹŷϣҪʵ
ã֪ŷ쾳۷֮⣬Ķֻһӿǿ߶Ҫǿ
ԺõˣȻ֣Ҳܹסǡŷŵ˵
Ůһ£Ȼ󻶺ڵȵһ죬ŷ糹׳ɳӵ˾
ǻȫȥ
棬߸ŮһŮվ棬ȴûн
ŮһֱδŹŷ磬Ҳһǲŷ׽
ŮסԱߣϹŷǵŮȴǣͲʲô
еĻǵɫͬ
ŷһֱڷ˰ʱ䣬Ůֱ࣬Ҫķˣһݽȥˡ
չŷ绹˳ȥҵֻ棬ҪһֻƬ
û⡣ֻ˵ʹ죬ùŷ綼һ
һֻƬҲҵΪкôֻ˵ע۲Źŷɫ
ֻƬ˵ȥ죬һ飬ǳǿҪõο飬Ҫռȫˡ
δһſֻƬռȫֻܹأֻأ޷Ҫƿֻصѹᡣ
ֶǾεˣܽԷ
ŷֱóֻƬ˹ȥ
ʱֻƬһӵĲˡµķԹŷڵľ磬ܹоһֻֽصĵϡ
ŷ綼ǻһ𣬴ʱֻƬһɴˣ̺Խ챦֪١
ֻ澪̾ϣ¶ԾɫȻ̾һָоֻƬһӵеǾ˫ģ챦޷Ȼ
˾̾ȴֽһֻƬӸ˹ŷ硣
ûҪֻľ
ŷ綼ȻҪֻƬ𣿶ֻ棬ֻΪţⱾĴ
ӵƬֻƬ̺ĵӦܹߵøԶҲֻܹأﵽǸҲ˵
ŷδֻܹһ֮ϣֻߵĸԶԼҲһ˲١
Է޾£ȫоֻأһͷȹŷ˲֪꣬ⲻžֲܹġ
ҪﵽֻǸ磬Ҫ㹻ʱùŷȥ
ҵĵѾԲֻҪһֱȥˣȻоֻأҪԼֻأδرĴֻزʵҪֻƬֻ֪㵽ֵֵֻ̹׵˵
ŷı֣⣬˵֮䣬Ҳû˹˼ɡ
ŷһ󡣡ŷЦ˵Ȼᣬǳޱȣܹܵ
ֻƬ˹ûڡŷҲֻԿⱾǽ
˳նϺԼ֮ϵ͸ֻ档
öҾҪˣֻƬ챦˵û̫ˡֻ治ƴǣʹΪ޵Уӵһ챦Ҳܹǿʵ
ûƴǣֱӽ˹
ŷЦֻ棬ҵ˲ܶ
ʱǰһŮӣ˯ûһȻѾȥ޾ˡ
ܶŮӣɫ֮Уȫ纣һ顣
Ҹ˺ܶ͡ŷ絽һ㶼ûпֱ˵
ȻŷڵʵԽ֮ĹϵҲûбҪ֡ΪǹѵѣûбҪôα


2131 
ܶҵжȴԶ֣Ϊ³⡣ڹŷʵԶԶ֮ϣȻѡùŷ綯֡
ҹŷ籾һҽɣھⷽ棬϶ó
һЩٿһ˺͡ŷͷѾײܶ˼ЩȫĶ
˺Ȼȥˣڣе겨УԾۼϢٻЩɢѾ֪ꡣ
ȻҪֶΣһϹŴʩչĻǸϹŴһһʹһ֣߳ҲᶪԴпܱն
쾳ǿ֣߳ʧһЩԪһΪУıԴĹ
ǹŷͲһˣʵκʧ
İɣ˶ãǾͻˡŷ˵
òܶվһߣΪŷ绤֡
ʵϣûбҪܹܶסĵˣ˲ŷ磬Ҳܴˣܹ˵ŷĵˣܶԵס
ŷ֣оʱ﷢⣬ʥϢɢȥøӦһе飬̲ס
ǹŷ翪澭Ϊã汾Դг֮⡢֮⣬⡣֮ʥߣͨ컯أ⣬ԽţǾ⣬ΪΪƣ;⡣
ŹŷоΧ鲼ʥ졣һߵĲܶоȻ̫ˣ涼ǰŹŷоڲ
һŭţ֮ħл꣬ۼ˲֪ٹŷж澭ҪûǸ֮С
һĻܶ۾ˣ׼޾£ķУɲΪЩռ˺͵ġ
˿ʱȴҳ֣µ˹ŷлꡣ
ڴʱЩŵرȫը飬һû˺͵֮С
˺͵˲һǵ
Щȿֺĳ˽Ҫû˺͵֮Уڴʱŷһֻ£Щȫɢ
һ̣ǿħսȻѾֻʣˣҲǿ硣

Ըһ꣬ŷֶθӼ򵥣һƳȥԷֱӱ顣Щħ꣬Ȼǿ󣬵Ȼǰ۷ʱҲδǹŷĶ֣οڡ
ŷȻʱĳɱЩл꣬Ȼ޾ĲлһЩл꼫ǿײޱȣǰڸ޵еľ磬ʱ֣Ҳޱߵİ
ڹŷǰȻֱ飬ɢ
һĻܶ˲٣ףԼֵĻпܱЩ˺͵
ΪЩħս֮УپȻܹӵп쾳۷ʵִڣǰǶôǿֻʣһл꣬Ȼ˿¡
һĻҹˣǿǰҪ̽ʲôǹŷлʱǲҹš
ǣ˶ˡ
һ޵г֣壬һͷ׻һ˫չʮӴǺӣѹء
ۣûᣬɱҾܹΪ̫µĵһˡͷ׻Ц˵⣬Ȼ˹
ŷֻǿһۣһ̣һֵֻ˳ȥ
ɣǿµ׷ŷݻһ˻¡
ۡ
׻ɳȥӶըˣԪȻ󷢹⣬帴ԭ𾪵ĶŹŷ硣
ֻһһȫٵǶôǿ󣬶һڹŷ顣
ûٳ֣׻תֱ
ŷҲû׷ɱڸ˺ҪоӵĺΰһΪµǿо涼ڹܶħлһ𣬱ѹѹģ޾Ĳл꣬壬ŷһһлꡣ
Ŀ棬Ѱ˺͵Ĳлꡣ
ھգȫĲл궼౻ʱ򣬹ŷ۾һֱץ˹ȥ
һ͸Ĳл걻ץסûʲôǣԵЩãȻ
ǣлʱ򣬲ܶȴڲ۾ͨ졣
ҵˣм˼㡣ղŹŷһֱδҵ˺͵Ĳл꣬һֱڵģǴʱȴڷˡ
ʶʲôЩħл꣬ȫ
ȻûʲôʶǱܵĸоԼҪĻἴʧȥˣȫ߳˹

ŷһȣǬ飬влȫɢһɢϹŷֹͣоҲܹۼˡ
еǵл֮꣬Уŷ˫ֽӡһµķģ˺͵֮УʼЩҩԡ


2132 
֮Ϣ˺Ϳʼգŷ粢⣬һжѾ׼һҽɳ֣Ȼܹɹ
ǹŷûеֲ֣˺͵ꡣ
ֻһл꣬ǰǰ»ĸǿߣֻҪһԳ׸գԶȫꡣ
˺ǰһΪ̫ԶˡҪŷ֣ܹ޸ꡣ
ֶΪصĶŷ磬Ҳ˵ԼѾȫо͸ˣ޲ѾԼȫͶ˽ȥ
ڴʱһȺǿ֣߳ĸ޵Уȸ׻Ĵʥ֣͸ſµɱ⡣
Ҳȫ޲ǵ꣬ǿԳûɱ׻Ц֮ǰ˴ʱȻҪ
ֻ֮ǰǲҳ֣ڼؼʱ̣ǲų֣Ҳɵɱŷ硣
ǸңܶŭХҲ쾳۷Ĵڣսһĸ޵УǴʱȴɫѿΪ̫ˣһĴ޵УĴʥ飬Ǵ˵֮н޵еѪ
飬һûбʤİաΨһܹģĲ֮ǿеסĴ飬Ϊŷȡʱ䡣
ֻҪŷ糹޲˺͵꣬Ȼ֣ĸ޵ǿҲŷɱģĶ֡
ûʲôҵģɱ˾ۣһûܹвǣʱ̫£죬˭Ҳӣ׻ɭȻ˵֮г˵⡣
ʱٳһеˣȻ׻עʷˡ
˭Ҳܹ˵ŷ硣ܶЦ˵Ȼ֪ԼĴĶ֣Ȼ˹ŷǰ档
ŷΪ飬Ż䵽һεľģܶȻܹĿǹŷ硣ңŷܵԻӰ쵽˺ͣܶҲ鷢
ɱ㡣׻ЦչʾһԼĸܣצ֮оȻһɱֱӾ˹ȥ
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ܶɫ͵סͽֲɱĻ·磬ʱԷ߶챦ӲǶˡ
ǣͲܹ㣬Ļŷ磬ⲻԸ⿴ġ
뵽ܶŭˣʬ죬ֱӻռ̬һͷɫĠ꣬ԣɱȥ
ֶ꣬ȻĴڡ׻ȣȻû뵽ܶȻһͷꡣǴ˵֮еǿѪһ֮Ȼ޵УԸԡ
˲дԠԶɱһԣűɱ
һͷĸףһĸףʱȻҲɱͷ꣬Ҳ˲Σ֮󣬳
ͷȻˣȴûޡڼһͷ֣϶ʱɱ⡣
ʱ򣬰׻𽣣ܶĠ˳ȥһ㱻롣
ʹ򲻹Է̫ǿˣлһսǿ£ɨ޵жҪ˱ܣӲĻ϶ᱻˡ
׻Цצ֮еĳҪٴնԼһ֮£ͷ
һ¡ͻȻһ
׻ĶʱֹסˣЩɻĿһۣ֪ʲô˼
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һ£׻ҲǸ˵ûжԣ˵һ㣬ǵĿģɱ˾ۡ
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Χʿ̾Ϣ֪ܶΣˣ͵סôĸ֡û˵ʱҲ׻һսǴʱȴܡ
ۼ˹ܶ޸壬ײ
ߡ
ڴʱһߴȻһѳֱӽɳȥ
ʮɣǴʱȴһɵ˿ڣѪܣû棬γһƬѪɫӡ
˭͵Ϯңŭ޴Ŀб
һӳ֣Ӣ䲻һѵѪĽ
塣ܶǱˣǹ죬Ӧһʱ˹
áܶЦ
ˣѾ֪ʵˣֱǹŷڶս죬Ȼ쾳۷徳磬ȴſµս
Գŵסˡ
һСѣҲңŭ
ҪɱҶӣһŮӣͬһսʤ߽ȻֱӣԵ򵥣ɳȥʮ
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2133 ȸ
ŭһŮӶѣҲ˵
޴ݺᣬ˹Ҫԯ顣
Цͷ̫Сԯˣսʥô򵥵ģĹŷ磬츳϶δܹȵùԯ죬ѹһͷ
ֻǺһ·߸裬ųԽԯ졣
ǣⲢԯ첻ޣֻΪŷ̫ǿˡ
ԯַݻԼķʮɴСضأӿޱߣֱӽû
ХͬʱһҪɱԯ졣
ﱻͨû޴죬ȻڲɱѪɽ
գֱӱϣɺüأһž޴ͷ­ԯƿУֱĥԪ
һ޵ˣԯվ֮У۾һЩʲôΣͻȻ۾µù⣬۾֮硣
һ̣ʱˣ͸ӵһֿµϣԸ磬ã
޵С
һս֮ȻĽ˸޵еľ硣
ǰɣɴ۾ֱΪԼˡ
ʵϣԯ쾳۷壬Ŷ೤ʱ䣬޵ˣôģ
裬ôģ̲סʵ
˹һۣԯ쵭һЦˣǾͳˡ
˰ͷ̫ԵˣҪΪ޵УܹΪ޵УǺεš
ķһ£ûгįӽҳʲôʲô̫ϣպն֮ԯԵޱȣ˵Ļ涼ںиУ
׻𺳣һۣԷеľ塣ֻ˶ѣ㵲סǣǿնɱ⡣
Щô죿׻ǡ
ɱˡ
ԯ쵭˵赭дӣɱĲǸ޵еǿߣСһ
׻ǴŭȻо壬ǴʱҲˣҪ֣ѵŮˣȻǡ
ɱŮˡ俪ڣΪһֱû˵ʱҲ̲סˣɱ졣
һһͷ­ޱȣԯ죬µɱϡ
ն㡣ȸգչʮɣ޾ȸ𣬻һ𺣣ӹãã棬ԯû
һֿµľնȼˣ涼·ȼա
𾪣Ƕϣɣֻ棬Ȼ޵УܹӣĻ϶ᱻشпҪ
ȸ𣬿˵µĻ档£ԷٻһƬ档ǣȴδǸزʹ޵УҲ˲٣ԶԶδô¡
죬ԯû
˳ԾΪԯδֿȸû塣
ɫҲˣԯʲô⣬Ҫ֣Լ
ֻһ㱻סˡŷ粻֪ʲôʱվߣҡҡͷ˵ģû¡
һһŮӵһ𣬲᳤ܶ˷ܵ˼㡣Ըڴˡ˺͸һˡ
޾£ܶδһᣬǴʱȴ¶
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ֻҪܻٶĿͷҶԸ⡣ܶ˵ס˺ͣʧһһ
˺ͺЦ̲סһۣǽͷĿڲܶļϡ
Ѿ֪ж£δļˡ˺˵ֱ˯һȻ˹ʵûжʱ䡣ǶԲܶ˵ȫһˣ޾µĹ¶޾µѰŵرֻΪ˸ˣ̫Ŀͷ̫࣬־
һ¶ֻΪ˰˸ҲǷ·תԲˡ
һȸ۾֮¶𾪣оãǸȸûŮδڼȡĻ棬Լ塣
쵰ȸŭô̫ˡȸȸ˫Ȼ紫˵еļ¾磬Ҳ㹻£ɱͬǿߣûһ޵УĻ֮У֮
Ҳֲԣڻ𺣵룬һӰԽԽ˿ȸ޷˵ֺգԼ֮С
˶ܹоŮϵϢڲͣıǿѾԽ˸ղš
ȸ𺳣Ǻεȵİ˼㣬ɲĻ棬ȸ𣬱ȸƣܲɲ⡣


2134 
ԯ쿪ڣɫƽҪԷ
ȸŭˣһŮӣɫսףҺӢҪ֪ʲôǿ߲衣
˹ȥҪɱԯ졣
ȸգһִգͨޱȣȫͷųµܣһִգֱһ档
޾պգѹ£գһѹԯ졣
һ̣ԵϢƵǵأȻ޵жҪɫӲ
ȸһһȸһĹΪȸһӵܡ
һȸµһǿߣ棬ȥûʱĳ֮У֪ȥ
ǣͷȸȻѾȥ£ȸһ廹˾ηһƽƽΪ¼Ϊǿ֮һ
ˡ
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һ̣ЩӰ˻ȥնȭͷա
һ죬ǿȫ飬ʧ֮֮С
պЩӰȫɢȸŲģѪȻܵһ˺ԯ죬սѪ磬ϼһ֮Уˡ
ȸХɱг˲ңҪɱԯ죬սܶԷϴˢԼĳ衣
֣һͷȸͨݻģһ𣬷졣
ȸ߱һɿµͷȸϱȻԿ顣
ܶ˸оԼϢѹƣרŶԸһС
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䡣
һ̣ԯ챬ˣѪʢãã涼·Ҫܲסһ㡣
ܵһɿµϢҪߡ
һ̣ԯ޵еģֱӳ֣ûκͨʽֻһһȭѡ
ͷȸֱӱˣԯȭͷٶȲѹ£ɱȸ
ȸ֪ˣҪƹȥȴԯȫӲȥ
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ҽУá
ǰѳǹӵһֿµħԣķ޷ڤ֣ҲһۣΪ֪ԷӲȥˡ
ʱ򣬰׻ŷһץУӿ˲顣
ڣҪɵŷ磬ǵΪֹֻʣһˣһǳ棬ߡ
һȻ޵ˣҪ޵еĻԻ͡
Ǹ޵о飬ױɱˣһûУ𺳣̲סЩ
̫ǿƣв֪ٸ޵еǿߣڿŷǶҲɵǰˣ㹻ˡ
Ҳ֪ŷ£ҲźܶǿߡҪۡйŷŵˣһ쵱ǿߡ
ڣˣҲʼˣڤǿս޵оǿߣԽԽľǿߣҪˡ
Щ˽ܣЩһҲڤ̶̫࣬ȵĸ֡
ͷϹô죿ڤʵ
ɱˡ
ŷ絹ûԥֱ˵
ȻںģǶʵһ𺦣Ҳûа취Ȱڣڲ޷ȫԸĵˡ
ԹŷڵʵǽһƬսԿԶɷǳµĴԺƹȥ
ߣ飬ûг׽ŷ뿪ĻѺˣܻᱻȫɱ
̫죬Ի顣һǵУһ޴в
һ֮Уᰲ١
ս˻ع飬ĻҲܵʲôвˡ
š
ڤͷĿ־壬ǹ𶯣ԷķѣѪǿŴ֮ϣǳˡ


2135 ׼
ŷǻعݣȴ𺳡
һ磬׳˼㣬˲ϢʱһϴԻŭ
̫ϣһ죬Ǵʱȴˡ޷߸ϣ½Ӷıһնɱסˣȥߵĸֶ˸ɾ
ˣǳ֣־һһȺǿߴЩ˶̫µǿߣʮˣȻڸ޵еľ硣
мˣǿΰ¡
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ڻʱ򡣡һ˳֣ɫ֮дһĨأ˵
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ϵˣ̫̲ס
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УûдģҲǶԵġ
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ʹ˾ʱƣȻںȴߡ
עҪڣΪ˹ŷʱɳȵԿʱǺڶˡ̫˵
ϿΪöԷ̫޴ˣĻȻһɱĻᣬҲҪɱŷ硣
˸һּвĸопܣɱǡ
ⲻġ˵һʧ
̫ϵ£ȫ¶ŭɫɭȻ뿪ķ۾֮гɱ⡣
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ģֻǾСࡣ
ͻƣԺ鷳̫ϣһԤУ̫δʲôȴ㲻ԭ򡣡ŷЩƵ˵
ȡʣڴݻķҲǴδͨͨǰ£¹Ϳˡ
Ǻ汾ԴһεĴڣ̽
ʵϣ޵еǰ·Ѿܿˣ֮ǿǿߣ汣ÿӡ
Ҫδһ취ƴ棬ѳȥΪһεĴڡǸʱһ棬ܹڽ£ȻܹϤһС
ţҲΪ޵УδĴսǳпᣬҪսԯݺ˵


2136 Ѱ̫
ۻع飬ɲˣ̫죬Ҳ֮ͻȻն˼£ǺܳĬûҹŷ鷳
úܶ𺳾۵ϣǿһѾˣȻûֲɲܹ٣Ծۣȴ̬ǴѾܹܵ۵ϡ
˸̾;ۣͬǸʱܹ٣ڿ֮Ĳ̫࣬ˣѾˡ
ʵϣǸʱϽ콾ʱѾΪߺʹۣͬܳɫǺ͹ŷȣͰ˺ܶ࣬޷
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ŷڻع֮󣬳ֹ֮Ҳûг֡˲²⣬ǱչˣҪߵľ磬̤޵еľ硣
쾳۷壬ŷ޵ˣ̤쾳۷壬жǿû֪ȴףǸʱۣԸӵĿֲҲĿԺҲ˵
̫ĮޱȣžݷɫвõԤУΪŷĴڣоѹûһ飬ôġ
㽫ΪԼľоڵģҵܾ˵ʱٳ֣ʰо̫֡˵Ȼʧˡ
һϢȥסˡ
̫뿪ˣ˵ϡһҲû뵽̫ϾȻ顣
ɫһ֪ãֱӳѰ̫ϣȴûҵ
ǿҪصĻҲȻǺϵߣǻûȱʱɱ֮У޷е
̫ϣ㵽ʲôüͷʱһһˣЩ̫ϵһЩΪ޷⣬кЩ
ģʲô޷ҳֵĻ·һʱһµǿߣ棬ΰȻΣǾԲ࣬ʱڣ¡¡죬վס
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һ޵ȻˣʵҲû̫࣬ڶܹѹƣαصģüͷ
֪һֱ̫ϲǣҪֳӣҵɱ뿪ʲôء
ã̫ϡͷ
һǿ߳Ѱ̫ϣݺȫ棬̫ϵϢ
֮Уŷüͷ̲ס˵̫ʧһһΣһѰҡ
Ҳǿ֮Ѱңж¼ҺͻƼҲһӵŷҲʼæѰҡ
ǣ磬ȴҲ̫ϣ뿪ʧ˵ǰ
̫ôˣȻþݺһѰңһЩ龪ȣȻû뵽һ㡣
˵̫ϺһӦѲŶԣôܳ쵽˼㡣
ܿϢ̫˲ۺͬʱ²⣬Ϊ˫鷳Ҫ̫ϡ
˻ȻͬʱҲˣ̫ʧΪƣǲ֪ʲôһһѾовҪ
Ȼܿǿס
ֻǣһֱѰ˺ܶ꣬ȴû̫ϵϢֻżȻ֮䣬л֣Ȼûֵ֣ǿѹȴ鲻
һٴУѰ̫ϣǿʼ̬
ͬʱһҲһԲãһһ֮ͻȻʶһ⣬ҲҪд鷳ˣ֮е飬пҪ硣
һ֮˶ɫ԰ף֪鷳ˡ
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ֲþһһĬȻͬʱ̬
һҪ֣֮Уи߲ȫɫء
ʱ֪Ҫȿսǲ֣Ҳʱ֣һǣһսǣǿ鷳ŷɫأܵ޴ѹ
ǿһĿµĵطֵĻµס
һָо飬̫ϾѲ˹ϵŷк˸


2137 ˭˭
Ǹ쵰ҧгݡǾݵ飬ȴǿߣ˾ݶŭ
̫ϣұȻնŷ˵һξ֣ɱ̫ˡ
һ𣬹ŷ̫ˣѵѾӵ̫ϵʵˡЩչأŷԽԽɲˡ˿ľ磬֪ûгΪ޵УһʵȴӵǿˣֿµѹȻǸܵһǿѹ
ǣŷҲȾˣǿߣʲôĻֻֻһս
һգԵţҾۡ
ʱڣ˶ɫ֮ǵ⡣
ȴں˵ۡ
ȻƽĿ⣬ȴĶžݹˡ
롣ֻһ֣ȴûг֡
Ǿ۵ǣȻԷΪҲӭȻ˵һ֣ȴöԷԼ
ǵˣûʲôÿġһ磬ûеȵ˽ȥ
һĻȻݵķֲõģԵס޵УǴʱȻܹӡ
ŷɫ䣬ҲδֻǶʵк£
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һҪˡ˵һϢһȻѾµһ㣬Ǳ֤ʵˣǻ̲סЩ𺳡
һУȻҲܹӣַӦǷǳġ
Σŷ絭ʵ
粻Ĵǽ磬Գֱ룬סǷֱսһһ붼Ҫ棬Ҫȫϣ֣ס磬ֻһƬսΪͻһսĵط˵á
ŷֻ˵һ֣¶һĨϲɫ
һһս뵽֮սһưɣҲ׳ѣǽԶı
ҪӣǹŷѾӦˣҲûа취ֻܹ˶Ի
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۹Ȼʹ죬ֿ֮һսǡŷӦˣȴؿһ˵ĸоܾùŷ̫ƽˡ
Թŷͷԣ벻ԼĴʲôע⣬ȴͬˣȻе㲻ͬѰ
ֱ뿪˲̲סڣŷ磬鲻԰սһƣǺǰһһƬս֮У׳ѣʱ¾鷳ˣҲû˿Կˡ
ǽĿŷ磬ɫ
ŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵Ҫģ˭˭治˵ڵġ
Це㻵аԣ˵ĶˣŷһûгԹҲһ
һҪҪˡ
뵽˶̲סЦˡ
ˣСʲôԹһӻˮҪùˡذħ̲ס˵

һֻŲ˳ȥذħɣֱӱ߳˹
ΪͱҴ󣬾ܹ˵ˣһӻˮûŷЦ
ڤԼʦ۸һ仰˵Աߡҿ϶ԼҪΪԼʦͷ³ҲܲңֱӵûпһĻ
á
Щھ֮УذħҲǰʱЩˬֱŷһָ
ԯݺɫһЩˬ˵ŷԭ˵ʲô

ذħȻȻЦãⶼʲôʲô
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ȻҲףȫ뿪Լ״̬
ùŷ˵Ƕףսûô򵥡ƣǹŷһơ
ذħ˵һŷһӻˮôܳԿһҪһ
˶뿪ŷתݣʧȫʧ֮С
ڹŷֵʱ򣬱һѪɫ磬ޱߣһƬɫȫʬǣɢǿߵϢ߶ǻʣһЩʬǣȻȥ˲֪£ȻǿĺˣɢŲȻǸ޵еǿߡ
ط֮ȫѪȺɷ֯һд޾һս衣
ʲôˣ˸ӦŷϢֱӺǳ˹ѪǴʬɽѪ֮ĸħͷһµ˼㡣
һ࣬ȥʮɣŹŷ磬һǹݺݵĶͬᴩ¡


2138 ս
ŷֱһֻ˳ȥǸһĳǹ顣ȻСȴԶԶԽ޴顣
һָԷ飬ը
һ쾳۷飬ǿһƬս֮ϣ޼ɣǴʱȴˣŷɱһûС
໥֮䣬̫ˣȻһ޵УҲסŷһ
ӵɲ⣬Щ˭Ҳ֪ߵһȻŷľ磬ûв޵Ǹ磬սиȴڲͣ
ͽУһ̤ǧ֮⡣ŷٶȺܿ죬磬һС
ͬʱüķ⣬һСˣڲͣݣһСһֿµֶΣ綼ڷֽȻ޵Ҳ
ʲôˣҲһ飬ƾɵףսԡѪһѵѪսָŹŷ磬һµɱ⡣
ŷֻǿһۣûᣬһʧ
Ǹһ£Ȼͫһ¶ϲɫҽ飬δ棬ʵȴǿ˿£ֻһ۱һҹȥˣ˲ã϶Ǻϸ֡
飬һԼˣ쳣þòܹƽս£䶼ѾԺˣϲսףȫĲӣս֮ϸȱڣΨһģǼϢ
ŷȴûЩʱ䲢ǺܳҪɵ飬кܶࡣʱ䣬̤սͣݣȻʵҲоƣԪЩǺķ̫µġ
õĶѾ㹻ˡŷ翴˹ıԴЩΪʲô׳ȥѡ
ʵϣܣ϶ѾϤˡϱǿߣҪȥĻףǣȴܹ뿪
սʽȷʵܲпᣬÿ춼սǿ֮ɱս֮ĳ棬ÿ켸ǿ䡣
ǿʵ̫ˣŷ綼ǿߣһս֮£ŷնɱԷҲʱ䡣
գƬս֮Уһǿߵĳ֣˽ܣս֮У֪ҪʲôһɱѪȾսвٸ֣Ҳǿߣһ⣬˶ˡ
𺳣ܹܵǿߵ˫ʵɨһеˡ
˵òʱ򣬹λһȻ̲סЦҵĶӡ
˻һ˶𾪡ǿ֮۵òս̶ȷǹŷ硣
ܳʱûмŷǰЩͬȻʱһֿµϣø޵Уܹܵѹ
ǿԸܵŷָ˫ƣȻѾԽǡ
Ķӣڶ㻹Ҫǿˣżĺܱ̬һ۾̲ס̾һ
ɴ۶Źŷ磬ܵϢԼ촽˵Сһһս
ҲһսӣȻģǿߣȴҪд衣
ԲǶ֣ʮ֮ڣɱ㡣սʿԼĵһۣ˵
˺ȻҲоȻδסŷʮУʵδԽʮУ㱻ŷնɱѪȾһƬս
ɵʵȻǿ󣬵ǾԲǿĹǸһսĻпҲŲʮС
ƣЩȴܹʲôΪʵģʵϣսʻ̧ˣʹһЩ׼ʶŷĸսҲԼŲʮУʮоҪɱ
ʲôս֮УȴǻϣһѰʲôϱüͷЩ⡣
ڹ۲һƬսĹ죬Ҫо͸һƬս۾ڣ˵Լ뷨
ȷʵˣ˵ŷüһֱ⣬ҹһƬսĹ졣սʿڣͬ˵۾˵
˶һۣͻȻʶһ⣬ǾǳʲôˣŷΪӦǸ顣
ԲǲСģĻӦˣԼȥо
Щս˵
ϱǷǳɣЦ˵ѵ֪Լͽܣʲôˣ϶Բ˿ڵʵȻ֪ҪʲôǺйϵһԤУһһҪԿˡ
ҲԤСλЦ
˶һ㶼ģǹŷףԹŷ絹Ƿǳ˽⣬ǳ
İɣСһӻˮҵ궼Ҫ˭ҲԿġЦۺذħȫһ


2139 
ǹŷ϶᲻ˬ⻹Լ˵ԼĶӵġ
ʱŷȴûʱЩˣΪѾΧסˡĸ޵УһǳǿһĴ֮£ŷס
üͷ˫û˵ֱӳˡ
嫵Ĳս
˶Ŀ̶ֳǿߵ棬ʹһƬսϣҲٷһȺ޵սҲɱ
ãŷ类Χסˡսɫ΢΢һ䣬ϤһС
޷䡣ε˵սüͷôšܹоĸ޵УлһǿߣҪһսĻЩûһаڶԷΧ
ǣսʼĿ죬Ҳ졣
ŷɱԼĸ֣ҲˣԷ֮ǰȼһзϳĵ˿ڡ
ֻǣɲ̫Ӱ졣ŷĿ⣬ǿڵĵط˵ͷֱ˺ѿռ䣬뿪
һζˣԼӿ϶սʤȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼʤôٵնɱ˶֣ȴֻܵ΢˺
ôоղδóȫء𺳵˵
ȫһʵҲָоһսƺܼңĻ̫ˣŷȻˣȴû̫˺ֻϱ˿ڣּĴ˵ֱ˺
Ҳղţŷδʩչȫ
˶ĿͶ˹ΣһǵУѾ㹻̬ˣû뵽һӣȻӱ̬
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ɳһһЩˣ龳綼ûдﵽء
ǵ꣬͵ʱǿҲһŷ糬ԽǺֹһ򱶡
Ҫôҡޱ顣
˭˵̬Ȼ鶼ܺá
ŷصʱ˳ԾΪǿĹŷ磬ȻˣǼֱе㲻˼顣
ôܣ
۶̲סãã֣˭˵ܹ˵ŷ硣Ǵʱ¶Уûܡ
ֻһСˣѾˡŷ˵Ǻ⣬⻪תѾָѪʧ˿ڲˡ
ӦеһϢоһ˹ŷһۣ¶ѯʵɫ
˵ͷŷ֪ʲôҲͳ˶Ȼû˵ΪûбҪ
ã۴Ц
˶֪ЦʲôʲôЩɻ
ŷҲûнͣˣٴαչء
ŷû˸ȥŹŷ磬ǹһսĴӣ֪ŷп϶ڿ顣
Ĵ飬Ӱǵˡ
ڶգǰŴȫһǿߣŷʱ򣬲֪һ׶¡
ٸ޵Улٮٮߣһĵ̫ˡŷףΪʲôЩ˵ǿʵȷʵǿˡϾֻһһ˿ҪȻĻҲܿôꡣ
˫ĺܿ¡ټЩǿߣҺӲĴ֮١
ǣһжΪںģСΣһźҲϧĻ֮УǿĴ֮һ
ϧˡֻǶ˵
ʱǲʶǿҲȻСʵȴ̫࣬ϧΪӪһֱսںģʵԵôС
һ֣һս˵ɫȻ档
ŷͷ֮УɳֻƬֻƬɵֻأȻȱԶҲӵſµ
Ƕһŷ֮Уżɵɫ
ֻƬռزˣĺ٣ŷ˵ǵһҲпȫռֻƬǸʱ򣬽ᳬԽƿ
ʶһ㣬еɱӵļᶨˣŷһвԽκʱڵκǿߣ˱ĻҪˡ
תͷҲ֣һƷɳֻһ֣졣Ȼ򵥣ȴɢſµϣǳ֮ء
ƣӵܣһҲֻƿһ֤ǰĵλ
Ʒ⣬ʼ磬ǿߵĽ롣
Ȼָǵģ飬ڻ֮У
ŷҲֻƬƽһ𣬿ʼһС
һЩǿ߾ŭԻǴʱȴ׷ʲô飬ǲҵֱӳ硣
µĻǾͱˣɡ


2140 ս֮
Щǿ뿪ŷˣɫأȻڹϡǶһһһ㶼ǳҪ
ûŵҰģȴҲǱԣһ򣬶Ѿ㹻ͷ۵ˡ
ǻһģҪԲˡ
ϹȻлǿߣҪϺ飬÷硣
һսĿŷ磬˵
ŷûж˵˵ķ⣬ʼһսϲܹȫ磬ĻԷ޼ɵĺҪĵ
ֻΪ˷ֹǴӸط磬޷ȻһҪսĻֻܹһս
һ嫵սŷ˶һۣȻһԼս֮С
һǰһսŷ󺰵
䡣
һȺ˽ͷǻûһ˫ӶŹŷ磬˵걻׷ӴܵСھȻˣ벻
һδйͻ֣ǲеˡ˵ʶԷ
һˣֻԻʲôʱˣЦ˻һһ£Ҳʶ⣬ԷֻԻȴû֣˵ԷֵĻȷʵе㲻
ֻҪɵӣȻףЩ˲ڲ鿴ʵһŪ֣ͲбĽ
뵽Цҵǻһ磬ĳǿ𡣡
󵨣һ޵гǳ⣬һµĻħ񣬲Σһͷһȴ˫ᣬͷͷӵһֿµơ
ɫһһͨĸ޵жѣȻҲҺǳ
û˵ֻһƳ˳ȥ
䡣
ǸħķɣһըסĹ
һ䣬Ц˵̫Եˣ⹥ǻһΪǺ۸𣿽ȱǲòһս
ŷĿɿڴҲһֱΪԼˡûȻ޳ܣû뵽ġ
ԷҪڵռϷ磬Ȼ󹥻硣
һֵ⣬һ㶼δ㹥磬һΪʲôͻȻ뷨ˣĴӦò֪ȻսǣҪԵĽһѵҪһƴһ˵ĻһԸΪ·ŷЦ˵˻һɫ΢΢һ䡣
ǹŷĲܵĻпܵһд鷳
ߣҪвңҪΪҲ֪ʱһǳؼɱʱڣͲЧвǽʱ򡣡˵֮дһš
Ļʱ͵ɴ۾ŭ̫ϣ쵰ҹ
ȻѾʶϢǱ˭ȥˣ̫֮⣬бˡ
þòһ˳֣̫ϡɫĮһϢһ㡣
̫ϣ˵
ŭˣ̫ϻ죬Է֪ж״̬˳˻һĹ̫ϵĶˡ
Ҳɣ̫ĶͲ֪Ҳúֻܹͣ㣬ûеô򵥡̫ЦǲΪȻ̺̫ĶȻΪε֮һҲ֪
Ҳ֪ΪҪˡЦΪƿʱ˹硣̫Ͽ˻һۣ˵
ͷʹĴӦ̫ϵ˵
ŷ磬ȥɱ˻ʱͻȻŷ˵
ŷ񣬼ֱڿһɵһһΪԼ˭ԼӲ˰ɡ
׳ա³֡
̫ˣ׳նҡͷһ̾
˵һ㶼Цһŷ磬Ϊսô򵥵ȻֹսսѾƿˣǲɱеĻȫҪ
ɫ⣬ͷųµϢ
ǳȥˣΪԼܹҵƤӵֳʲôֶΣƿһƬսٸһҲŷЦĲΪȻ
ɫ⣬Źŷ磬ЩȻ˵Ѿ֪ˣ


2141 
ֶΣѾʹһΣõڶҶϤսܣȻΪȴֻƬ˴սڿ˵ܹսң㡣ŷһЦ³Ļ
ôܣƣȻˣһУôǿߣǹŷȻǿӦò֪һвŶԡ
ԣǰʧϢʧ֮УԭȥоսĹˡ뵽һֿܡ
㻹̫úõĵסɣȥսŷһ⣬ʱ
û뵽ԼƱ˻㣬ŷĿ꣬Ȼ
Ҫŭסŷ磬Ѿˣŷžݴ뿪ֻлǺš
ɱһ̫˵
һǿһʵҪ˲併һ롣
ڻ˵⿴ġǲûзֱӳ֣Ҫɱһ
һĴһײΪҫ۵ʺ졣
һ˲䣬ϰٸǿ߱ɱѪȾ
ڵģǿߣκһĲ٣ھȻ˲ʧ˲١
ڻһҲһͬʧ˺üʮˣս൱ǰսľʿ׺˼㡣
ʵϣΪһжսϣһһ飬ȻĻֻ·һ
սڼвҲûа취ʱͳƲս֮Уһֱʲô⡣
ŷǣ۵Ĵ֮£ֱҵڵء
ԶԶûеô貣Ե÷ǳƽһʵĹ⣬ҫۣһȥܹһַѹ
һŹ⣬˺Ȼǣ֮УһҪѳ
ΪʲôΪϵˡŷоһӣѾ֪ʲôˡ
ɱ䣬ɹһһΣֻܹӵкϵߡ
ʱɱ䣬ؼʱ̣ǹŷǳ֣ĺпϵطɱ䡣
뵽ŷֱӾͶˡûκףɱ˹ȥ
ͬʱ۳֣ɱ
쵶ն£ɱû
ڤǼ򵥣Ȼǹ˳ȥҪ
һĻ𺳣߸ϣ˽
һȺǿ֣߳һȫؼʱ֣ҪϣɱԷ
ﱻûµŷҺһЩΪȽˣѾŷǵǲȥˡȻĻЩΪȽʿҪɳȥˡ
һȻ̬ƽͣǸղδŷǹһ
ùŷǺȻȻǿزΪԼ֣Ȼܹ׻ɱҲܹش
ʵģʵе㲻һȻȻ࣬ɱ䡣
һָоһζɱۿЦ
ŷͷһ˵Ҳָоǲôܹɻɣڴ
˵ͷǶָо
˳֣ûãչŷԳˡ
Хһڷ趯˵壬ʼ⣬޾ķģڹŷϣɱ˹ȥ
һ̣֮ǵӰֱըˡ
һȶһˡŬҪؾһ壬ȻƳ
ǣһжͽͣŷ֣δ׷Ӧʱ̶ȵĸ˺
ڴʱһ𣺡
ʱȻǷŭ˼㣬Ҫɱŷ硣
ŷЦһֱӳ֣ٴα̫ˡһ˾Ȼܹ飬ҽӶ
ŭһļˣɱ䵽˹ؼʱ̣һκҪһɹպܹˣȻˡ
ֻǣ۳һΣŷһΣͲᡣ
İɣԲܳɹġŷЦ
һͷݷɹŷ˹ȥȻҪɱŷ硣
ŷת֪ٻģΪ˾ǱԼ
ŷֻܵһȭͷݱˡԪ
𺳣ȻǾ쵽ŷĿ£ͷݣһĸ޵УܵסҲҪһսΪ̫ǿˡ
ڹŷУͷ߲һУֱӱɱ


2142 ս
ǿ߶֣Ҫǣǽ˼Σȴûɱ˵
̫ǿˣΪɱĹؼʱ̣ʱû̫ǿŷҲܻһ㡣
ȻˣҲԾˡ
һȻɱҲԽشʷ֮ˡ
۳ХҪˣʱµܡĵһ죬ѹ£
ͬʱĸ޵Ҳ֣ɱ
ǿ˾㣬쵶գնһСʱлָǰ۷Ϊƣ֮£޵еܾɡ
һ֮УڤҰħйı֣ǾˣȻǸ޵УǾԴﵽǸսˣʩչͨͣ
ܹ뵽ս֮УѾ˵ǵʵǿľˡ
飬ȫˣ͸ãã棬˹ֹŷ顣
ɱǹŷҪ飬˵˼㣬һ룬̲ס嶼ڲо𺳡
һʱ죬ڰ»ߵĴ֮£һսʧˡе˽ܣȫķâ֮¡»߶ˣ޾֮󣬲űŷ縴֮䡣
ڵԲһʱǹŷȴʼ淥졣
չֳʵǳ¡
رǹŷ磬޶֣ʱڱΪµܡ
սһ˵סеĹñ˲Ȼ̶ȵĹ
սһѾɱ䣬ɨһŷ£Ҫɱ
ǹŷ粻࣬ͷֻƬѾ˴벿֣ͷųµܡֻ֮ȻҲܹƣ򱻵סˡ
ȻŷҲˣȴһ浹Żֵ
ս˺ܳʱ䣬϶ˣȻǹŷ磬ҲܵסйҲܵ˴ˣֻûеôء
ŷ糤Х˷Ѫ죬һǿƵ˼㡣
ֻƬ⣬һֻ֮ɱ
ȻܵˣԽԽǿùŷж΢΢Щ𺳡ʱ򣬲ܹܵϣֲ̫ˡ
ɱ䣬ͨգԽԽǿ󣬼ʹŷǶе㵲סˡ
ߡŷһսһʵѾ㹻ˣսȥĻ˱𲻵
ֽŷȻԸ⣬Ժֲûлˣٳ֡
ûн飬ֱ뿪ΪԽԽǿѾûʲôˡ
ֻйŷǿսܹ棬Ȼ磬Աȴû⣬ֻ۹ŷ硣
סְɣսһûбҪսȥˣҪΪҿǿֹͣɱ䣬Ѿ⵽˿µش״̬֮£ҪɱҪѪĴۣҲҪҲ˵ŷЦǺܵģȰ˵
ɱ䣬ҵ·ŭˣ޾£Ҫŷ硣
·һ̥ɱһѪȻ棬ﵽѣ·ŷЦѾϤҪߵ·һɹ涼Ҫ𣬲κ⡣
컯֣־ɱȻĻ綼ΪļƷŷзǳңԼѡˣȻĻĻ鷳
һɱɹ鶼ҪЩս֮еˣҲһӲԷ㡣
ߣͲ飬ǹƣֻһӦò࣬Ҫѳȥڣ֮г˶־
һԻǶ˵ȴûһô
Ҫ˽ԵĹƽԼĸ飬˽
ֻ
ߣҿ㣬ΪȴҪԼֻΪԼѣҿ㡣ŷЦ
ȻڴսŷϵѪԽԽࡣǳƽһ㶼ģ֡
ֻ֮ҲǷǳ£һܵˣȻأҲ㹻ˡһȺǿߣܹ˺ĺпܻᱻɱ
ǴʱȻܣŷüҵֶζսֻΪ˵סĹɱ
Ȼɱ㡣Į˵
ŷŭˣЦ˵Ϊ㣿ȻҪҲʹ죬Ҿ͸һġ
͹ŷһģһ˴֮˽˵ʱסˣ൱ڹŷʵǿ֣߳вǷǳ޴ġ
ֻҲû뵽ŷûԼֵĴ㣬´һ֮תߡ


2143 ͽ
û׷һõͷоΣҲ˱ܡ
ǣķӦվûйŷ硣ȵҪߵʱŷĻֱӱˡ
ԱǹŷǿԱһĶطԱԻٵˡ
ǴʱȴѹˣסһУҲ˼ΣԽӵİˡ
ŭһˣִҪɱŷĻҲд鷳ûٳֻ֣ɨһ⣬߽սǻعˡ
Ӧ״̬۾˲ͺˣתȥҪȥɱŷǡ
ˡ˵
ΪΣ⣬̲סʵ
Ĭһ£Ȼ̾Ϣһ˵պϵʱ䲻ǹŷĶֶ֣ĺܾˣûмܹȵġ
ڹŷϿɣ޵˼㣬һոպϵˣǹŷĶ֡
𺳣еǸϣɳһ˵ĻΪһϵ߲Ƕ֣ʵ̫ˡ
Һޣ֪һĻӦɱϡ
Χ˶û˵Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽һµǿߣˣܹһǧʱɳ
ʵϴӹŷڣδǧ꣬Ѿվ˾ߣǿúϵ߶Ȼ
Σѯʡ
ȻΪս̫ˣ˵һһԾ޷Ӧ״
֪֮гʲô飬˱ˣ̫Ǹһһ㱻һɱǲҲܵشˣǱĴۡ˵
ʵϣ̫һսĺܼ࣬Էʵǿ󣬼βһѪǽһ򣬽̫ϻܡ
ȻҪϺܻ飬ڵһʱˣҪɱԷҲûа취
̫ϣǲҪɱãҪɱĻҲùŷ֡ĬһᣬͻȻ˵Ļ
˾ȣЩ˼顣
̫ϵʲôͷȻɵԸɱһ鷳찡ֻ˵֣㳹ײ˵ˡ
ֻǣ죬ȴһʱʲô˼ѵһ죬ڵǿ󣬶Ǹ̫ϣͺһйϵ
ɻ󣬵ȻʣΪû˵Ĵ㣬ˣҲûʲôá
ƽһжûзһǾȴڻŷôǿߣȻһ鶼ûУһûˣȫع顣
쳣ˣ־һǿߵ𣬾ãã˭Ҳ˵ܹ;һսȫܶˡ
һսţҪû鷳˲²⣬ܵشˣȻĻġ
ΪԵǿƣ˵һ֮󣬾ȻʲôʾûУûзһ
޵У˴󺰣ܿһƬ֮д̡
ֻʱδʲôʾɫ࣬һɱȥҪ͹ŷһս
̲֮סˣϵߵֶΣȻĻͻһֱǹŷĶ֡
Ȼǵˣòϣŷ̫ˣȻˣһ붼̲סҪ𺳡
ŷδֹڹ۲ķӦ֪һһ׼ˡҪֵĻҲֻȫȬʱ򣬲Ż֡
ŷ粢ģԼʩչԱʹҪָ¶Ҫһκܳʱ䡣
һʱ֮У㹻ŷٴΪ޵С
Ǹʱ򣬹ŷһֲ²⣬Լһս
Ȼ޵Уûеô򵥣ٹŷڻûһҪͻƵļֻսȴԽԽˣĽɫѪҺҲһƬϼһѪԻһƬϵһߴ硣
Ҳֻо磬޵еǿߣ֪˶ٴӹ̹ܹڹŷϢ֮в࣬𻵡
棬һƬͣѵõûùŷǺܰģ
ŷ⣬ȴһٻ˹ȥãã֮У˶Է֮󣬹ŷ̲סһüͷ˵
ңһΪ˺ͽġ˵ֻŷһ㶼š
ͽ⣿ô򵥣ĶĴڡ
ڸЦ𣿡ŷ̲סЦˡ
һô꣬ڶԷȻ˵ͽ⣬˵ŷ磬˵ȥһɵԷƶš


2144 ܾ
ôܺͽ⣬֮ĳԹʵ̫ˡһ˺üΣһǹŷǳ֣棬ҪΪļƷֱһִޣ˸޷ԭ¡
ҲͬأŷЦʵʹ߿죬ûбˡһ꣬Ȼ͹ŷһģĿڣ˵ĻùŷһֹĸоԼںԼԻ
ŷüͷνĳߣѵǸ
֪ŷ뷨ˣЦʵϣǶ˵һˣҲ֮е飬ֻǱȽˣûʲô˲ġ
ҵǾãǾԼǳ˲𡣡ŷЦĲм
ʱɱԼҪϵ𣿿ϧһס
ǰ飬ҲǴˣڣǱϣ֪˰𣿡ɫࡣ
˰ŷ̲סһҲ֪˰ı飬Ȼ֪һЩʲô顣
˰Ҫ٣ҪǿƣҪԼʵ޵жУʱڱ˰Ĺ֮£ͲǶ֡
ΣǰɱôˣһһһһʱΪʲôŷЦĲм˰ˣ֪Լ˽ˣǰȥˡ
ŷͲܽܣΣͲϡ
ʹ˰ĽˣҲҪūǣĻҪ飬һҾɱһɱһ˫ŷЦ
ǿƣٶߣҲܹߵһ
ڣѾ㹻ǿˣѶڱ˵ҲңԶǶڹŷ˵Ҳûôа
ʵ̫ˣǲĻŷ޵еս֮󣬺пܻӵгѵս
ǺܶΪģݣڱ˵ԴƣǶԹŷȴ㲻ʲô
ڣٺͬԵˣ󲿷ǱԼǿ̫ˡƽݣŷѾ˲ֹһˡ
ԣͲġ
ϣܹʵһᰲҵڣ˵Ļ
ŷܹɨ˰ǲʵʵУΪĸĻŷɱ
ȻǰǹŷӵаЩ˵ʵŶԡ
ߣδܹȵ죬Ҳ֮ǰҾɱ㡣ŷһ㶼˵Լл
ɱҪ̫ƽʱʹЩ쵰˰ˣŷҲõԼĺˡ
һ˵
ѾףҪ͹ŷˣǼܵġԷжĺ⣬һʵ㹻һҪɵˣˡ
ԣ뿪Ҫڼ䣬ԼʵԼΪϵ⡣
ŷҲȥˣŷĻ𾪡
ǿȻҹŷͽ⣬ֱ̫ˣһŵĸоȴŷԲܽܡ
Ȼһ£ŷǣԼȷʵûнܡΪûбҪܵ˴ˣҪָҪһʱ䣬ʱˣûа취Ըġ
ϣ⹫ܹʱĸ֣øӶ࣬ʱֺѣܹɵŷЦ
ƣǲģҪȻĻҲߵôæʵϣǵв֮ϡ˶̲ס˵
ҲĴУǽˡŷͷ
˽ܣǣս֮УǱӦӻԻ͵ľ㣬Ϊ֮ս֪ˣս֮Уһ붼̲סۡ
ܹսģһǷףĺǿǺӣվܹ˺٣һ֣ȻһƬս֮ϣҲ㹻ˡ
ŷս֮һ˽ֿ֣ܳµֶΣùŷ綼̲ס̾
̸ۣնǡ
һ֮󣬹ŷøӵŬڲͣԼʵ
ȴ֪淢˾ıʡ
ǿ֣߳ǹɭɭʱץסһʿѯʣҪ֪ŷڡ
ǸʿŹǺЩ˭ɭɭȻ鷳
һ롣ǸʿǸָ˹ŷ꣬ǾڵĵطߣǿߣԿҵŷ硣
δǸʿֱӻɱȻǸʿһѪ
ˣǴӵ֮߳Ķһֶηǳ̣ûһʴ֮ġ
ɱ⣬һǿʿ˵ǵˣǵüͷһµģǲһֻϡ
ھĹŷ磬һ˵鷳ˡ


2145 ֻش
ǿ߶ΰӣʵǿֱӺɶ֮С
ŷ磬ҹһӴɱȻ硣
Ǹǿߵƣµ˼㣬һɱ⣬Աһ쾳ǿߡͬǿߣû˿Եס
˸ֱ˴ȣʮ飬ǸˣɱȻ
һСʵڻ𾳽磬ǽЩһ˽ܣͲ󣬲꣬ûеһǧߵһˡ졣
ʱСǷŭϲܹ£ȴֱ۵֣дŭ
ǸӦԷĿ£Ѿˡ
ССߣҲҺǳңڵǸǿЦ֮⣬
ǱУС
СȻҪ֣ԸִС
ֻǣ̫ǿˣһϢܹնɱҪ죬ֱ̫ˡ
һ֮£Сʮ飬ҲҪȫ𣬸Ͳ˼ҵĶ֡
ʱһѰɫĳǹ˸Ĺ⣬ֱӶ˹飬ȻǸǿߡ
ʵǻǵĶ֡ԷЦɫ֮кܲмʵҲֻܹ˵ǲѡ
һ£ҪǸɫĳǹȷɳȥ
ʱ򣬳ǹ⣬µܣϢ죬ֱӽƶŴƬѪ꣬˻ȥ
ǸǿʹȻ𶯣˿ϣֻɫȴǳѿС˶֣ȴ˵ˣŭ
ʲôˣҹǿߴ綼Ϊĺ𶯣Ҫһ
磬󱻼ס·顣
ּĴڣʹֻһҲܹҪһЩŷǰѾԤϵһУԲͣĽػ顣
ڤ֣ĿˣŶԷʲôˣȻ鷳ۣ
ƨǿǵĶѵ׼ҪǸƱǿЦ˵Ļ
ʲôڤüͷ˹ŷ͸ֻĻ֮⣬֪ŷ绹ʲô
ֻƬǴǸЦ˵Ļ
ڤһȻ̲סЦĿ絶˵ϣЦЦ˼㣬ֻƬͲһģǳԽ֮ϣֻǾȻ˵ǵģЦҪֻƬҲ˵ɣֻЦǺ޳ܡ
ڤıˣʲô뵽ˣǾû뵽ԷȻҵֻƬ˵ֻƬϵһĶǹŷǴӱĵطռģЩֻƬѾ֮ˣҲûʸҪ
Ҳ㲻֪ǵĴ򣬽ֻ棬ֻصĵءǸƱǿЦİȻ
ֻ棿üͷڤһֻǣǵǺֻܺУеĺöǵġǻоνĻ˻ļҼĽһס컯죬ֻѪ֮ƣ֮еˣЦ˴
ǾȻƣ˵ֻƬǵģ˿Цá
棬ֱ̫ˣˮǵѪ»ᱻ
׳աڤֻܹ˵ĻΪѾЩ޻˵ˣЩ˼ֱ޵ˡ
ߣùŷֻƬҵȲɱ㣬ȻĻǺ綼סԷȻ˵
ǣڤһҪЦˣǵڷ˵֮УһͨѶߣӣҲһӣǸˣֻ֮еˣһģֻҪöᱻ˵ǹҵģҲ֮䣬ѪԵϵҲ˵
ֻǣھ֮УԵúƣѪ֮ƽ˼㣬Ҳֻǳһ飬ǿˣûˣ˺
ҵҪ֪жְɡһ˳֣ӱ䣬ڤӿ¡
վһֱһϢħǿߵϢ
ҰħҲˣҪڤһ֡
ôܹٵңһսұǵĥʯ׽쾳۷ɡ۳֣¶һĨЦݣ˵Ļ
쾳ȴ˵Ļ޵еǿߣǳŭǿ
ûͬ˳ֻ֣ǿߣһˣȻûе쾳۷壬ֱ޷
ˣһֶֻܹ


2146 ޳
ȻҺ־ҾͳȫǡǸƱǿߣЦ˵
ֱӳˣȴɱǿߣ۳֡һĻڤ쳣һﻹҸ޳һ
ֻǿߣҲˣǵûʲôõĵģҲǳǺԼĶ֡
и̾磬̫ˣ˰죬Ȼ߳ʿս֪ΪǸûа취ȡ
һսܼңһʼ۱·硣쾳ѣ£ּĸ֣ɣжסΪʵ̫ˡ
Ǵʱȴе㲻һֻ̤쾳۷壬ʵ˲٣ԻܹǿסԷĹ
һ׽Ǹ磬ȻԷǿҲ塣
ȻˣҲѪˣסһǿߵĺɱȴӵļᶨͣĳ֣սѪڡ
ú־ЩŭڣȻûнһ쾳ʿܡͬʱҲˣԷ򵥣ȻΪ;磬ܶ࣬ȴܹסĹ֧ŵڡ
ָˣҪɱۡ
۳֣Ȼܹȫסʱıɱվǵס֣һ˶ս޵УԼѪ֮ס˶ԷĹ
ÿһα飬ٴ飬ƾȻøǿ󣬶ں־˵ֱе㲻˼顣
Ҫ֪ǿ죬ҪķѱԴģԽɱԽ⻹ûء
Ϣϵָӿˣһֱ̣һ޵еս񣬾ȻҪѹƶ֡
־ҺȻͻȻãԼѡ˶֣ﲻǿ󣿼ֱһͷͻûмһ˱֮󣬻øǿء
ԣȻЩĻţֵ˲١
ܵһ㣬̲סɵ𣿳ǿһ㣬ء
ú־Ȼһôô¡Ȼ˵Լ
ԣɵƣϽɱڽĹҪͻһ硣ʱ˿˶ߣǴú־̳֣ɱۡ
־ŷӦʹ򣬶Լʵء뵽̲סŭɱ𣬴ԼǿֶΣҪۻɱ
ۺɳȥһ涼ƣѪˮӿ˵ķǳءǴʱȴЦΪѾﵽǸ磬Ϊ쾳۷塣
ϵƣһ˲䶼Ȭˡ磬ں־ҵϣɱȻ
лĳȫΪ˱㣬Ҫɱ㣬Ƕı𡣡Цֱɱ˹ȥ
û֣۽գǰ֪ǿ˶ٱֱ䣬涼·ն룬˵Ľâ棬ں־ҵϣֱӷ˳ȥȻˣҲû̫ãΪ͵סһâʵ̫ǿˣֲ졣
־ұȴûʵ㹻ǿһ֮£ɱ
ʱ־ŭ𣬵ԭνľۣǵǳֱ֣ǿо̫ˡ
Ǻ־ҵĻ˷ŭһߵڰףͲ˵ģֻ֮ϣֶôһ򣬾ǳԽ֮ϣһ֮ġ
޳ܡЦӶ۽Ҫɱ֡
ڤҰħҲһŭҪɱԼĶ֣ʡŷ硣
ʱ־ǣҲʼƴˣ໥ɱȻһ棬״̬£ɱ־ǣǲܵġ
٣ʱ֮䣬Բɱǡ
ŷ磬ֻƬȻĻֻشĴ¾ҪˣǸͲܵסֻĴ־ҵ˵
ڴʱһ𣺡ҪֻƬ𣿡ǹŷܱ䣬ɱ⣬ıŭˡ
ⱾӦǵʥ־Ҵ󺰣һȻӡ
ֻʿҲһһİȻȻǿ϶˹ŷĻ
ǼȻҪҾ͸ǣšֻƬ˹ƬһһֲĹԣתصֻ֮µ˼㡣
ʱֻƬ൱ĲѾۼ˴룬ӵŲɲܡ
ڣҲֻйŷһˣֻ֪Ƭһ𣬵Ǻεǿˡ
־ûϲ¶˿־ɫΪֻƬǸǣֱ
˱ɫ֪ãǱֻƬѹǵʵǿҲҪˡ


2147 նΪ
ۣ㲻ܹŭɫ֮г˿־壬ֶǴǶҪûˡ
Ҿ磬Ҫɱĸ֣ΪĿǺ𣿡ŷЦȻ֣Ļȴ޵бɫ
ȫɳȥڿѪһȫըȻˣҲѪģҪٵˡ
ҪǻάԼǵѾȫˡ
ղɱǣǷǵ۷Ϊҵ߾֮ɡŷ絭˵
ʱëȻȻŷ绹δ֣ǲ֪ΪʲôǾһָоǾǹŷ˵Ϳ϶ĵҪΣˡ
һϢ£СǺȻķ֣ԼΪڼڷĵˣʱԴʧڱС
գǳΪߣһֱȽĻߣֻڻһ죬һ綼ûбסΪһ
ʹˣҲˡӻҪص޵УǶôѵһ飬ĺѰ쵽
ңŷģ֮еıԴΪĶҪص޵Уе㾭֮⣬һʿûκƣпܣһ޷ٻصǸˡ
־Ǿή֮С
ڤ̲ס𺳣ŷһʵ״ﵽʲô硣޵Уǹŷ˵ҪϵǵΪͽ˵Ϊ䵽˻߾磬һָоŷҪԼֵĻҲӲ⼸һĽ
Ǿ𺳵˼㡣
ȥֻĴǣҪȡֻƬҲҪûʵŭˣӾֱֻ棬ɱȫŷЦ
ҿ϶ԼĸĻһһʱվԼһ档ΪǿģȻǳס
ǹŷҪֻ棬϶ֻϡԹŷʵܹǱߵˡʱһ֣˶Էһо´ˡ
ԣŷǳţǲֻ֡
ֻҪԷ֣һ϶Ҳ֡ǾҪս̻ĺܴźýԷȻһս
־ˣ뿪
·ĵطɥ֮ȮǹŷȴЩʿҪ˺Է
ԭܼ򵥣ŷҪ˱š
ֻŷѾ׼һսǿһսҲܹЩһᵽսĿ¡
ŷ罫ֻƬ˻ȥ֮޾̲֮סҡͷ˵̫ǿˣŷҪˣôܹնɱŷ硣
гɱ⣬Ҫŷ磬Ҳǲܵģ
뿪ķЦ˵ֻ棬һСС棬ȻҲ鷳ֱ
ǹŷ϶ԾֻʵѾ㹻ǿˡɳ֣Ǹ޵Уһ磬Ͳеô򵥰ɡ
ȻҲǹŷ粻˽ѣ˽ˣ϶ôԾʵϣǿ棬ҲǺܶ࣬ǸղŵǸ棬ѾС֮еٮٮˡ
ֻֻ飬ıȽϲ治֪һЩʲô۱ʲôĺöǶԼġ
һֻ֣ȻҹŷҪֻƬֱ̫Цˣŷʼδ뿪ʵǿֻ飬ʵôࡣ
ֻҪǿʵѹһУʱʲôʲôֻ棬ŷ綼ϡ
޵Уûô׽ȥġŷܹоȻһôûС
ʵһ㣬ģǺܳڡ
ùŷĬΪǿԳȥڲ֪ô򵥵ġ
޵У־磬̫ˡǿͬŷ磬ڲһߣҪΪ޵еĻҪһ·Ҫߡ
ڣŷǲеģǿҲ岻ȥ
գŷˣȴֱ뿪һ֮ϣ۲ЩһС
˸Ż۹⣬ϣܹ磬̵ʱ֮ڣ޵С
ʱŷʵѾﵽһޣ쾳۷֮У߳ԶˣѾﵽһּޡֻнһ֮󣬹ŷʵܹͣ
ڣŷҲֻܹ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
۲飬޳㣬ɽڹŷ翴Щ̺ŵϣĴ
ŷжһĵʵֻǵһֻ֣ߵ˼ޣԲôǿ


2148 һ˫
¡¡
綼ڲ񾪿ֵķ֣Ϣӿд綼ڱ顣
һĻסˣǰһУЩ˵֪ʲô飬ǿⲻżȻֶ档
þ˵ʵ֣ʱһ
жʱףѾϤ˭ڳ֣Բ˵Ļ
ŷֶΣ磬Ҫһ͡
磬ҪһΪʲôҪôг˲⣬Щɻ
ԼĵԳһеķȵֵʱ򣬶Ѿ޵еľˡȻ΢΢һЩȻڹŷʵо̾
ǿͬų飬ʱǶܵˡȻŷֶ̫ˡ
ңĸ޵еľĻܹˣˣĺܿ¡
ɱԪһ⡣
ŷ̫ǿˣ쵽˼㣬ǲɱĻȻҪвڣҲľ
ɱڵʵǿг֣ƴܵشȻĻɱֹ
һαشڻָ֮УҲ֮󣬾ָܹˡ֣ܳĻȻɱ˹ŷ磬ҲܵӿµĴˡ
Ҳʱ򣬻ᱻлɳˡ
սǣԲŹᡣ˵սû֮аź֣˵˭Ҳš
һԣȻĻŷ޵Ув̫ˣǳ֡
ĬͻȻһǸսŻǽ
ʲô𾪡
ŻǽȹŷвҪأ֮еôǷףһµĵ
ҪǿߵѪܹٻָͻһɱȻѪ죬ʱ򲻽ش˻һǶҪҲԳḴգʱɱһ˾ˡ˵
˻һǵ۾ˡ
⡣
һ˫ԹŷǵԸ񣬵ʱ϶һսоһϲ˵
ҲѪ죬ս޹أǱҪҪģǼֻһ
뿪޸ȥˡ
ҲʧˣҪٵսûһ硣
ս֮УüﻯһսЯ־ųǣȻǣڶʱ֮ڣҲ򲻽ȥ
ңһЩϴʲôһЩ
ʱߣԺ㡣̫Ͽڡ
УȻжˣͿ϶ҪŪɼȻĻǲߵġҡͷӢޱȣᣬսڿʲô
ڴʱսһַģȻڽ壬ʧ
ʲô𾪣ֱΪԼˡ
Ⲣǳʲôʱˣ˳֣߽еһ֡սûȫʧЩĵʧսļ̶̳ȣ˲½˲֪١
һĻо˸ȴû̶֡ʲôȦףϾò׽Ǹ棬ˣܽǷŽȥŶԡ

һ磬ǿŭ𣬻ǿǹŷ
Եúܷŭ˼Ҫһ
֮зʣҲµĲĻӦһ߽һƬģǽȥҪǺһѪƴɱһܾˡ̫֮о˸
мգʵ
ʮ㡣̫Ͽڡ
ʮգоһֱ
ɱ硣
ȣеĻǿߣȫ֣ս
սпµӿֻƬģǴʱȴһζһʵ̫ǿˣʱǸ޵У˲ֹһ𣬼л̫ĸǿߣսͲһ¡
֮Уŷ磬綼£һ𣬵ȴǳŭк˸ֱɱ˳ȥ
ǿƳ֣ӶԷͨһ¡
ۡ
ǿֱӺ˳ȥĮȻǹŷĶ֣ȴһⶼûУ֮ȫǺ⣬Źŷ磬¶Įɫ
Ԫ֣ƾģʵ죬ĲڻļҼ٣ʱɱŷ磬֣һԻɱһ쾳۷塣
£ŷ棬Ҫ׻ɱ
ʥȭգֱһȭŷ㽫ԷĹˡԪ鵹ɣȾѪһը顣
Ϊ޵ˡԪ龪ܵ
ŷû˵ǿһֱۣûս֮С


2149 սһ
ս֮Уһ˺Ҫ֮С
ս߽⣬Ҫɢһŷֱӳ˽һȭٸһǿը飬ɱ
죬ֱ˹
ŷţû̳֡
㲻Ҫƣǽ磬ȻҪһһȥʱսߵѪָ˴ˣǶҪŷ綢Ż˵
شˣ
ڽɱʱ򣬱Ǵ㣬Ǹʱʵһ㣬ǻˡŷͷ
ҼȻͲһǿߣɱһǿߣЦܼᶨͲΪ
һɵʲôô㼴ʹһһҲˣҲȫҿκ塣ŷҡͷŻĲ֪Էʲôעġ
ռһ򣬲ô򵥵ġҪĲǸ֮е飬ҪԷ
Ҫм֣ĻĺȻҲһЩֶοȣҪǳصĴۡ
û˵ֻɫ֮ȫš
ȻǲԸˣҾѪϴһŷӱ䣬Żǡ
ŷΪԼǳأһ˾Ȼ˵ĻѪϴһƾһ𣿡һǿߴЦ˲м
Ǿùŷ̫ˣһ˵ȻҪѪϴǡ
Ҫ֪Щˣ֮дսκδǿˣҲܵסǡ
Ծ֪ˡŷЦֱӻɱȥ
ֻƬ壬ݣڹŷͷ֮ϣסĺͷȫ
ֻƬ֮󣬻۾һ¶ɫɱֻƬ
صĶһֱҪõֻƬ
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ŷЦֻƬһֱӳ˹ȥ
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رǻһǿߣ˵Լߵɨ£ûĶ֡
ǴʱȻˣں;۵һײ֮Уͱˡ
һǿߣбǿĻ˵
ϣȴЦ˳ɫĻӵˣӻ֮дֻƬһҵϣһѪۣŷ̫ˡ
ɫȻŹŷ磬֮дһĨ̡
ŷû˵Ѫ磬ɫĻѪתΪɫƬս϶ǳϼ
һһһ˿趯Ѵ档һϢƮһǿߣԷҽһֱӱضϣΪ롣
ȻҪ֪ǿһ޵аȻסŷһϢ
Ҳ̤硣ɫ΢΢һ䡣
޵У֮µļ޾磬ߵһԴɫĻѪɫŷʱǿѾɴˡ
ŷ絭˵
Ȼֻ֣ȴǧš
ʱգ޵Уս״ﵽʲô磬û˿ˡ
Һûаյ飬Ȼ赲ǣаһ˵סȫŷ絭˵ƽȴ˻
ǺεǣһҪסȻҲδܹһ㡣
̫ں͹ŷһսķǳѣһȺһǿ߰æǵסŷ硣
ȻˣҲѪǱ˼㡣
ŷһĻӪ֮гɱһ֣ȻҪɱˡǿȻ࣬Ҳɱ˲٣һƬյس
û˿Եסôǿߵĺɱǹŷȴһ֮ǿ˫ֻƬԼϣڲܡ
ǻĸ֣ԴͨͻƣĻôԶԹŷʲô˺
ҲǹŷеԭΪѾ첻ˡ
Ҳս磬ɰңɱõֻƬұаɱɱ
ŷȴһְ˻ΨҶƣĤΪġ
ֶŻƽ˵ʹδ磬ҲҵĶ֣ˡ
ƨ
ֿˣֱӳ֣ɱ


2150 
һһµĻ顣ŷ粻ܹȫʶЩһǿȴȻϳЩˣȫǻһĴ˵еռǿߣʵ죬ʱԻȻֻӰǿȴһϱµܡ
һǿߺ¶𺳵ɫ
ǻ֮У޾֮ǰһֿµųƻһ쾳ǿߣɱһ޵С
Ǹ޵ʵãʵǸ޵оǿǸεǿ֮У˵ǾԵٮٮߡǸ쾳۷Ȼޣǲ־޵콾ȻҲޣǿŻȻɱһ޵С
ԼҲնɱˣ䡣еǿ߶ΪӦʧˣڣȴû뵽վȻʩչ
ǿ󣬸׷׳֣һֻգɢ㲻Ϣϣһһ㣬һС֮ĵһֻɫĹԣһһ֣ȣÿһ˿Ϣתڿٵءǻֻһ꣬˵ĴԴ⼸֣︡µ˼㡣
ǿ֣ŻữЩʥ飬ЩȫˣͬİһŻ
Щһջһ򵥵ĺڹ⣬ŷƽ
ڹٶȲ죬ȴһֿµĴƣ޷ܣͶ㲻ÿƽһ磬еһжʧޣǺִڶһ
ŷɫأ⾧ӨͷųµԣѪϼתͷųµˣŽδһʥӡȻ֡
µʥ𶯴һƬսҪըˣǳܲסϡ
ܵģûʲôԵסʹŷҲһȣƶڹУҪɱŷ硣
ŷɫƽվͬƶʥӡµĹ֮ȥ
һ̣һж·𲻴ˣֻ˺⣬֮䣬дԾ
˶¶ŵɫ˭Ҳ˵һײĽǷǳǹŷǺˣһ棬ǧʱ䣬ߵһ̫漣ʵǿµĲɴȣ벻ڻֶǷףҲܹסһҲ˵
ͺɫĹײһûκȻ໥֮Сżһƽͺڹȥܡ

һҽͻȻһ
˶Ŀ˹ȥʱ𺳵һĻһ޵У徹Ȼ𣬼ʧˣնԼ壬ãڹͽӵһħһĽĥ
һ޵ˣɱֻϢ˶ˣȫˣ̫϶һɫأ˳˺Զһɵ
ǿ֮ײ̫ڿ£ԽӽĻʹ̫϶ס֮伤սನ
ܳʱ䣬Ǻڹͽ⣬ųɢŷͻȴû¶κɵɫðѹһЩʲô
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Щǿ߷ɣһЩ˸ˣҲһЩվԭأûзӦ
䡣
һµ֮䣬ſµĹⱬֲʲôɫֹ⣬ȴɨɱһеԡ
ǿŷͻˣ顣
ֻƬ⣬ȴûȫסҲ챦ãһ㱻ϵǻѪһܵ˿µش
ϵĽɢˣɫ԰ףɢңԿƽʱϣʱһ˫ӶݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ

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ǹŷȴЦȻˣһ˲ָˣתϱһɿֲϢѹʮء
Ҫ㡣ŷЦ˵ȾѪȴȻǿᣬͱһҪɱ
ˡ
̫ϴ𣬵һס˹ŷһ
ЩһǿҲˣһסŷһ
֪ǧܹùŷĳȻĻпҪͷ֣֮䣬ܹסŷˡ
֮䱩ŷ籾֣Ҫɱ
ҲվȻˣȴûеֵܹĵزǿŷս
Ǽҽ棬Ѫȴûļ
ŷݺȻҲⴴܹٻָһҪɱ
ֻҪܹɱǼԻٵ


2151 һ
˶ƴŷ磬ףֻҪɱһˣҪȥ
ǻһĹǣһ£һˣʴӡ
ѪѾ֪ж೤£δǽһˣһֱǻ֮䡣
ʱĺֶ࣬ΣȫʩչҲãʹ򲻶̫ǹŷ̫ǿˡ
Ϊ޵УȻոս磬ȴǿ˾˵γһƬ򣬱ҪеĹŷ磬ǲܵġ
䡣
ǿ֮䣬ٴʩչǿײһ
ŷ絹ˣѪȴЦٴγ
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ҲҪɱ㡣ŷЦ˵Ļһη嶼ûС
ûɫ̣һ˶սɵġ˵ʵ˵֮ϡ
ŷ磬һӡɫ֮г˷ŭ
ӾһӣǱЩ쵰ƷģúõԼҲţȴӵļҸ꣬ǰûˣ˭ַұն֮ŷ绰ɱ⣬Żĳ֣Ҫնɱ
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Ȼ˶ܵĻһˣɡ
̫飬ûˣǴʱҲŭ˼㣬ûһʵ̫ˡ
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̫ϱɫŹŷ磬֪á
̫죬ѹ̫ȣһ죬ѹȥ
ĵǿһĸ޵УԵסᱻѹ
ǹŷֻһȭǱͷȫһȭ㽫̫顣
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ǿ̫ϣŷһնɱȴšüͷⲻ̫ϵı壬Ȼֻһ
Щ𺳣һȻǿ̫Ȼѧϰһ壬ıʵ׶ǿ
ңޱȣֱڣгֹģǷ˭Ҳûҵ̫ϵı壬֪̫ϵıʲô
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һҪһĵϸŷа뵽
ӹսȻ뿪
ս֮⣬һ˶עȴ޷룬ŷһ˲䣬ӡڣֻҪ򿪣ʵһܹǿͻƽȥ
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һ֣һԣһˤ
ȫһϽȥһѽŷסĹС
ŷ磬û°ɣʵ
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˵ǿ۾Ȼˡ


2152 ϳ
˶֪ŷһ̫ðˣкܴĿܻ䡣ϾһĴǿߣҪӦеսȻҪסҲҪ޴Ĵۡ˵ֻһˣŷ缸ǻűľǰսġ
⺢ӣһ̫ðˣôܹһҪиʲô飬Ҷĸĸ߹ͬڹŷԴһ£һ𱸡
£ùŷˣѾˡ
ǣҲǳŷӣǸղıŵùǺرվս棬ֻܹŹŷƴԼȥƴҪܡ
ٺ١ŷͷʲô˵ҲףʵǹԼ
Сӣ̫ˡ۶̲סҡͷ
һһ˵Ĺŷͷ󣬵Ҳ֪Լ飬ȷʵе㲻ôʹ죬ЩҲǵֻܴͷһ仰˵һӣﻹо۵ϡ
ͻȻŷ̧ͷֱڹԴһ£۾СӣҲ˵ӡ
ԼԴίվһߡ
ӵӣ̲סЦ˳ԸҲһԻŷٰԼΪ׵ϣһҲǱҸܲˣֲܹŴҷԿĹ죬ͳΪ˹ŷĳͲ
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˵һŷʵߵһȻǿơ
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һ챦ǿ˼㣬磬鶼ֻܹ̻ܵѹ嶼ڲɵò
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һȭת죬ƽʥƹŽδŶڲҪȫˡ

һ죬޴ĸͷɳȥâ
ǿ챦ŷȻʱ֮޷飬챦ҲסĹˡ
챦ǿܹǿıȻСҪǹŷ̫ǿˣ챦޷嫵Ȼȡʲôϲս
Ҳǿɱʵǿȫ޵УһжʮˣһҪŷû
䡣
ŷʥӡһȭӲЩ
۵Ĺⱬըŷȫɳȥˡ޵УҲ޷סʮ޵еһɱֻǹŷǿʵﵽһ̬ĵزδˡ
֣һ£նħɱһ顣
ʹŷҲоüһܿƽüķ⣬罣ɳֱǸײһ

飬Ѫܵ˿µĳ˲һˡ
Źŷ磬г˻ںޣ֪˵ĻڹŷСʱ򣬾ӦɱڶԷ˴ˣֱڵɱ


2153 
ʱЩѾˣԷ̫ǿʵɨһУ֣ǵס
ˣŷ粢û֣֣ͣüһ⽣ɳȥǻʵǵһȴӿˡ
ۡ
ǿֱӱ롣ԪѪ⣬˳ȥȻ޸塣
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Ҫһս𣿡ŷЦ
֪ܷŭǸղѾ÷йˣһûй磬ûбҪġڣĮ飬ǳƽ˵һ
ⲻɣǲһɴ֪ǲں֮Уȴҵ˺ѣǸղҵסһˣǿ¶ҪѪһˡ˵ŷһ⡣
ĺܷŭͲһ㣬Ҫ޷صʧˡȴˣùŷúܿЦ
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һսû˭˽ŷڵʵҪҵһսĻԸܡ
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һˣᴩ˹Žδһֱڲ֣Ҫľǵôѣһ˰˰˲ռĵˣгɣڰ˵ÿһ֣˵˼㡣
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˸ӾˣߵһȻ˵ĻʹŷҲܾδڰɡ
һָоҲŷΪǰһЩľпˡ
Ҳõģֻһֲ²⣬Ȼķ飬Ҳкܳʱ׼ȫûϣŷЦ˵
̫ĸԲ¶Цݣ˵һ
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ǵУŷĻΪûϣǺڰˡֻҪģţʲô飬Ѳŷ硣
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ѣҲѲסСӣ㡣Ц˵ҲΪ쾳۷ˣʵȸ޵УǾݵǿս֮һ
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߹һ·Ǿ̫ˣŷҲ̫漣˶ʮġ
ŷЦЦһɺ飬Σ컯ôһȺѶԼôܹʧδѣҲҪһƬ졣


2154 ֮
һŷ±úɣЦϳɺ顣
˶ŷȾȫ¶Цݡ
֪ǸĹŷ磬ٴλˣûɵ顣
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˺ɣ֮ȫѣǿ߶ľ磬ʱգȴֻһ˵е컯ˣˣȫ֮ɼ
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˵Щŷֱӱչˡոս޵еľ磬Ҫ̣ȶ
չصһÿһ춼дгڵʵϣҲԳ֮ΪǴģǹŷĵ
һ棬˶·𲻿ɼˡ
һڿ٣Ǻܿ㣬ֻأݻߵĵظ֪˶ٴΣŷѾΪһ壬ͬһ⣬ȴǿĲ
Ŵ۵ĹâȻ޵ˣҲܿ壬ᱻҵĹϹ۾
֮⣬ʵϣ类ŷֶΣΪһ壬ڵǸ֮⣬ûбˡ
еĴ綼ڣһͬһ
ʱеˣȫڲǸܵһɿµϡһЩֱӹ˵ϣĤݡ
޾֮ڴۣ֮һµ顣
ɫĮھ֮ϣ֮һϵϢ
ĤݵĽһ˲仯һ飬ոճ֣ǿ˾ߡ
죬̫ˣ֮һֱ㼫ǿ󣬿ȸ޵С
ʵϣҲ飬۳飬Բһǿڵһս֮Уɱˣڡ
ŽδҲֻйŷһˣܹõӴ֮˲ɾһ飬֪ôüͷ顣
ٵ³֡
һЩȣٵôܣһǿս
ŷȻŷĹ֮Уȴ֣˵ǳ϶ٵ֮񡣡˵


2155 ʧ
˶ЩţرֻˣˣԹŷ绹Ǻ˽⣬ԾӦòٵǿսС
˶Լ˼ʱ֮ͻȻŭȻ·֣һ
㲻ӦôڡŷһȻҪٵ֮
ֻǿڸǿһսȻҪҲ̫ݳ˰ɣ඼
֮Ҫƹŷѹƣ׳ȥ
Ѿǣ˵һȻΪŷ磬ڵģȴҲ뱻ŷɵ
飬Զ˶ܵһɿµĲԺɨ֮еĴ󲿷ˡ
̫ˣ˵˼㣬ǿ۵ˣҲ̲סɫأܵһֿµĲ
ٵǴ֮УһӰµĳ˿δֱһָû֮ڡ
֮ҽһ֮ȫըȻ˷˹ȥ
Щ飬Ĥݹŷ磬֮Ǵʱȴǵ塣ܶ˵ƺͼһ˲䣬ʧˣ֮ͬһҩһëʧ
񼣣𺳣ȻǸӴ֮
ãŷ׵ֻܹ֮ӴĻܿͻữһ֮񡣡ɫأ̲ס˵
ڴʱŷȴˣֱӲһȻ֮ȥ
˶ܹһ֮ͬٲһ£ȻڴĴ֮£Щ鷴
ֶΣ쳣ˡ
ŷҪ֮֮ΣֻЩ֮Щ顣
һУһҪһ
նһʹ֮ϵŷҪ찡˳ѵ·𺳣ܵڤڤ֮еһϵնˣ𾪡
ʲô˶𺳣ŷŸս޵а
һ̣üͷ̲ס˵ԣ״̬ʧˡ
۵ĻŷһѪһģһˤɫףǿҪ;ƿһ
ŷ硣
ۡ
Ϲ
һȺ˺ȫ¶ĵɫҪɹȥǹŷȴ֡ͷڷȻ˲תɰ׷˱òޱȣǹȥ޾£ǿȻҲסʱתš
˸ˣߵŷһȻôܻԳ̬ѵҪ;ƿˡ
ŷһǻԴ䣬һӴûڣġ
ܿ죬ŷһ»ָᣬڷ٣ɢڼ֮ϣ徧Ө˻
һ̤ŷ˵ǰҡҡͷ˵Ϊҵģû£֮ǰе̫ļˣԼ㹻Ҫ߳һû뵽Ȼʧˡ
ûˣԯ쵣ĵʵ
ŷͷЦ˵û£ûʲôǿѵҵģڳ֮·Ҳһ򣬲֮ܲҪߡ
ɫ֮гţǸ̾
ڣ·ûʲô취ŷ˼Ѿˡ
ȻδܹɹȻѾǰ档
ǵʵأ·ߵޣ·˶ˣѲѣһָо֮һ·˲٣Щʧ޾µ˽ܣпܳ֡ŷ˵
Ȼɫʧ˽ܣǿɲһСĿѵЩ˶·֮Բ֣ΪͻˣԲûг
ʳԼ⣬ɫ֮Щǡ
еˣеǵõһЩ컯ȴδѳȥˣǲų컯֮⣬гѵˡŷ˵
гأ˵Ļı֣϶ܿ£˵ѵǿߣֹһҲˡ
·ˣҲࡣ
Ͼų棬ֻйŷһڱĴ֮Уô£·ҲǷǳġ
ʵϣһﳹںʮĵҲԵ·ŷ翴һۣ˵
ǰǻĻҲͶϾϣȻϣȴкܶƣҲΣףΪҪػˣҪ֪ԭҲһŷЩ̾˵
ˣһԱ죬ҲѹΪԼߵĶˡŷ૵˵
ڳ֪ŷ϶ϤʲôܣȻĻֵģȴûʣŷû˵Ϳ϶ûе˵ʱء


2156 ̫
նϺʹ֮ϵʧܣŷδ̤һ·ûмѡȴһ򣬴ҲˣΪľѾȶˣȥôҲǺܴ
۵Ǹ˵ʵΣŷ˼δŷӣȫĿˡ
ǧʱ䣬ĺȴһУԼŮ˶Щˡ
Ҷܹ⣬ŷϵĵӷǳء
һգŷоһһ̤ʧԭأȵٳֵʱ򣬱ѾһΪصĵطˡ
̫ϣڿϳˡŷ˵һ˵⡣
û뵽Ҳ·ˣδ㷢ʲôսѾ֪һСһƽˣֶվͬһͨˣȴԵøӲͨ
Ͼ˵ŷ綼֪̫ϣһǿߣʵ죬ǷּĴˡ
֪һЩǻкܶ಻֪ȻΪ֪ĶҲ࣬һֱԱѡŷ˵
߸ϣ˵ʵ֮ȴùŷĬȻˡҲһһڿĿ棬˱ţΪ˻ȥòһЩ顣
ģΪ֮ǰһ컯죬Ǹ˵Ѿ飬ѳȥǿߡ
̺˺ܶܣʵҲǺֻһֱ׳ԼڲͣԱ
ȥ˵ԼһָоǲĻ϶ᱻҲˡ
һǱסԼһ棬˵û˻ţҲڱסһ˿ֲ
˵̫أҲһֱвǸ֮йϵǾʲôϵͲ֪ˡ
ҲΪʲôܹ̫ϻ죬ȫΪһ²⡣
磬ı̫ޱ飬ӣȻ֪Ҫ
ŷһ⣬̫ϣ˵֪ҡ
ԣӦһ̫ϵ˵
һŷû̴Ӧʵʲô
һն滻Ϊס̫бһȵĹ⣬˵ԼҪ
ʹһҲɱ̫ˡŷЦ
̫¶һĨмɫ˵㽫̫ˣνȻа취ԸҪæѣһɱ
˼첻ŷ֪̫ԼĿˣЦһֱӾܾ
̫϶Źŷ磬˸˵ŷ磬ҪʼһвҲΪһ츣ˡ
ɱһֳһ񶾵ģûбҪѾҽˣȻٳΪ㲻һˣ˵֪ܣ㲻ŷЦʼǿӲ
ԲԸ̫ϣȴһָоΣաֻǹŷһֱԷһּаĴһΣԶԶ
ùŷ̫ϵʱ򣬱ܵҪɵԷ
ڤ粻飬ȻĻ·̫˵ȻҪɱŷ硣
ŷЦˣߵһȻҲ˵ܹɱ̫š
͡
̫ϳ֣һɫĹ⣬ǳϸСǸһ֣ùŷܵв
һûдӦֱӳһ̫ͼԼǰ档
ۡ
ڹⱻ̫ͼûеסֱڹŷϡ
ǿŷʱһѪۣһ㱻նˡѪ䣬ÿһζӵĪܣɱ쾳۷ǿߡ
ŷɫƳȥͬʱѪµܣڹ⵲סˡ
ֻǣڹⲻ𣬱̫յС
ĮĶŹŷ磬źɫϢƣصϢľ
ʲô̫ϣֱһħ⵽˼㣬ֻħҪһһ
ħǻħӵŻصħִڣǶǶ˵Ǿ޴вվĶ档
㵽һʲôŷüͷ̫ϡ
ܵһǿв̫ϵа񣬳˻ҺղûдӦ̫֣ȥɱһΪľˣûһϣ
ңһϵĴڣأ̫𡣡̫ϹЦȻ
ɷʡ
ŷһ䣬ûʲô˵ģ򵽶ԷС


2157 ̫ϰ
ֻƬŷŷֱ֣Ӻȳһֶϻꡣ
µ𶯣̫һҡΣһѿ˺öಽϳһѪۣվ˵Ĳ̫ء
ǿĹ޷ش̫ϣ̫ϵʵŷжһжϡ
̫ϵʵĺǿ󣬾ԲڴʱĹŷһ֡ɫأ˳ȥֻظ֣һ⣬ѹ¡
һħ¡̫ȣһħͷȫ˻ǵֻعײһ
ըסֻء
ħ죬ͨ𡣡̫ϼ֣һɫħֱӴ߳һȭ
𶯣Ҫһ鶼Ȼ
ŷɫأʥӡͬһӰԼ󣬸ߴޱȣΰɱ
һһħսѡ
գǻ⣬ɫϼͺɫħһΧһУ֮顣
䡣
һ죬ǳ飬ȫɳȥ
Ƕ˫ȫܵԷ˫ս
С㡣ŷɫء
̫ĮһЦħݺᣬֻ֮УҲЩӣŷ˵СҲһԼС˹ŷ硣
ײ˭Ҳûռˣƽֽ֡
˵ϣе㲻ŶԷʵȻǿ
͡
ǵڹٴηɳһβûнֻƬסŷüķ⣬һƺƵǺһ㴹䡣
̫ϻһɱֱ䣬
һħкɫ£ŷѹȥ
ã֮Уȫħףµ˼㣬ԻһС
ŷɫأ쳤ХʥѪħײһ
Ѫаһа࣬ǱֻܹӲţǹŷ粻һѪʥħ׵Ŀǡ
ħɢ̫ҲܵɣһѪ
Ѫ㲻򵥡̫¶𺳵ɫ
ŷû˵չµĹ
䡣
ںһ𣬱µܣֱӽ̫û
˲䣬Ѫⱬɫ֮дһɺ죬̫ϵŭ𣬽սһڸˡ
ŷ˹ȥǼսѪͣ˦ա
սסˣһ˱ŷķѣԪŲ̫
ŷչ֣лˡ
û˵Ǹûκһ
ǹŷ粻˵϶ʲô˰һѡʵϣղԽ٣Ȼδ֣ס̫ϣ˷磬ŷųûһ㽫̫ϱе
ջ̫ӳȥˣֲεǿߣҪɵʵ̫ˡ
ǹŷƴԼԷܹ
һȺ˳˹ǱˣǶǡ
ʲô飿ŷѪһϽʵ
Թŷڵʵϻ˭ܹѪѵղںս
Դҹе񣬹ŷůЦ˵ûµģղź̫սһս̫ǿˣջǱҴˣϧûɱ
˵ŷ̲סҡͷһź
̫ϵʵǿʲôز̲סʵǳĵһ⡣
ҷֺн٣ס̫ϣҪһ׵顣ŷ˵
ʱ˶һԹŷڵʵȻ˵ĻǸ̫Ҳ̫ˣǿ󣬾סˡ
ǰսĶ̫ϵĻû뵽Ȼǿ۸֮̾ǰܹŵ˵̫£սһƽ֣ڲ֪ԼǶôԴ
Ƕ̫ϵķ֣һԺ͹ŷڵʵսƽı֣ԲǶ֡
ʶһ㣬̲סҡͷЩƣ֪̫ˣȷʵˡ
ԺǧҪСģǳĻýͬУ̫ϱһˣԺҪһػң̫ϣȴһȫȫϾ̫ϵʵҪɱ˵ĻеֶΡŷ˵ţԼЩͷˣ̫ϾһǲɱĻԺÿ˶Ҫĵ
һ֮Уŷ֮⣬ûһ̫ϵĶ֣һϣɡ
ģҲûеôǴ򲻹Ļǻ֪𣿡Ц˵쾳۷壬ʵѾһĸ޵ˡ
˵˵ͷȻҲġ
ûж˵ʲôŷҿ϶ġ
ǻع飬һȺ˺ƺƵƣúܶĽǾһƣǿ˾ߣ֮Ϊʱ򣬶֪ǿ˶١


2158 ȥֻ
һЩ£ŷǧˣǿս죬ȴȻÿ춼ڽ
ʱߵһʿľߣսֲ˼㡣
ϱ򿪣ֱӽ룬ȴûлǿ߸ڽһǱɱ˵ǿˣֻһ˶ѡ
ص֮УͱչˣҪˣҪΪڵϡ
Ȼսܣǲ٣ŬУҪԺ֮Уսܶ֡
һգŷֻƬֵﵽһĵزֻͬ棬ӽӽֻء
ֻǣŷȴ⡣Ϊֻǽӽѣֻء
Ҫ͸ֻأҪֻƬȫռȫڣֻȻѾǹеˣȻ
ﻹֻƬŷа뵽
ҲĴȴû䡣ܹ˵óطֻƬȫУʣ֪ȥ
ʹǶ˵壬֪ƬֻƬ䡣
ҲҪŷֻأǸʱЩˣηˡ˵еֻأ֮ϣƿֻأƿ
ŷҹǵóĴ𰸣ȴԼ̲סԾΪҲ֪ʲôֻء
ôܣŷ𺳡
ֻطĶ֪δ֪Ķ࣬أҴҳֵʱ򣬱ѾƬˣʵϵûֻأ˵ء˵ĻùŷԾ
νֻƬҲ̫Զ˰ɣȻ֮ǰ
ʣµֻƬҲ֪ʲôطȴŷһ¡
ҪռȫֻƬҪȥһֻ棬Ǹط˵һܵصŻغŽδ֮䡣ڣ֪ŷ硣
ֻ棬ŷȻ֪棬֮ǰ˹ҪԼֻƬǿƵġһͿڵʵȻȥûκμɵ
һȥһֻ档ŷ˵
Ҫ⣬ֻĪ⣬ʵҲͬھȥһаĵطûеô򵥣ܹ벽ѵľ磬ɱ֤һʧˡЩǵ˵
͹ŷˣһЭ顣֮ˣ˵ǰһˡԣκ˶ҪĹŷ᲻£κ⡣
İɣȻṳ̂Ǹ磬ҵսҲӦ˽⣬벽ѣδؾͱǿŷЦ˵
һ㶼ģΪ㹻ǿûߵ޵еޣսȴµˣ޵֮У˵Ѿ޵ˡ
⵹ǣ£ҵǷģ̤ǸʱҲýˡ̾ϢȻһֲɣĸо
ֵȻˣϵĵλԸ𣿡ŷʵ
һЦ˵ɣѵӣҹˣϣһСϡ
ŷûж˵ֻЦһһ̤뿪ڵĴ硣
ڹŷ뿪֮ǳ֣ʵǿǺϵߵơ
ϣ𣿡ʵ
Уŷ֣źܴϣʱλãˣͨΪƲıԴʱͲЩһջˡ˵
ˣȴλ
εһˣԴʹְ
йŷĴڣҲ˼ɣᷢչ֮ǰΪ˱ȫԼ飬㵽ʱһҪúõһ
û˵ֻǷǳ֣صĵͷ
Ҫȥһֻ档ŷص磬˵Ļ
Ļ˳Ծֻ棬ȻǻǿƵĴ򣬵ȴ
һŷ类ֻشϣܻд鷳
Һһȥһ˿ڣ
ҡ
˵Ѿ磬Ϊݵһӣ͹ŷ֮ĹϵǺõĲˡ
ķΧϲģȫһһûлֹĶǣеļ԰
ҲȥǸţȻֻҪ֣ҲɵֻҲ˵
ŷҡͷЦ˵Ҫңһ֮евңߣûһԸս
ǳţΪʵǿˣȻ޵еҲ㹻ĵ
˵ҲǣҪȥˣ˵ǹŷĸءЦ˵
ǿߣȴгΪ˸۵ǱʣҪǲЦǲء


2159 
µҲΣΪԵǵʵĺʲôá
˶ˡŷһˣ·
ֻһǳصĴ򣬴ֻصԴءǹŷȴΪȻֻ棬ǸԼءŷΪռеֻƬһЩв
ֻҪŸֻƬռҲܹϤеһЩܣʵҲ˵
Ͼֻ֣ѹţ֮ϵĴڣд˵ֻʵ൱һѵ˵ķڵĻǼٵġŷǵǲ֪ġ
Ҫ·Ϊֻ磬ûܹͨͨ
ʱŷҲԼԼ˶Էɱ䣬ܹԲûϵʸ
ԹŷڵʵҪɱŷ磬ȫܵģʹȫʢʱڣǹŷһսܹɱ˹ŷ硣
ߵһŷѾ㹻ǿˣδ̤·û벽ѵľ磬ǣսȴԲǸ磬ĿԿˡ
ŷճʱһµ£ֱŷֹ
ﲼȴŹŷ֮Сɹĵȵ˹ŷ磬ʱһӰԻ
á
ʼѧԺ֮УһȺ˱ɫо߷顣
ŷһô£Ϊʲô˵ڵʵǿ󣬿սܻǸĸ֣ȴԲǻܹȵġɫҪ
ó֣䣬Ƕ֪ŷ粻çײˣȻ㹻İգȿһ¡ס졣
䡣涼˵
ǵĻһҲƽ棬͹ŷĹϵһ˵ʦǲẦŷģҲһû㹻İգŷȻǲ̤ġ

ܹϣֱӳ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ƵһµĴ֣գǬŷ档
һΣȻ޵жɫ̫ˣȻûлָ۷徳磬ҲۣʵԶԶԽǡ
ǶһۣԷеأȷʵûȫָҲֻһ㣬ֲһĲĻ̿ԻָΪǿ״̬
ǸʱһɢɳһȻĶ֡
ߡ
ŷȻͬһֻֻ֣زƣɱ⣬ֻײ
䡣
һ죬ŷ˼ǸˣҲ΢΢һ
һûùŷˣҲһֽס˺ܶˡ
ŷ磬ԽаˡĿɿڴ֮иܵߵ龰̲ס
ȻǲȱǾԲҲֻһ㣬ŷӵнаʵ̫ˡ̲סŷ֮У˺Ȼ
ȻǱŷʵסˣ𺳡ң뵱꣬ŷոս֮УսʥûгΪۣȻսѾ㹻ˣΪϾûдﵽǸΡ
ڣŹ˶꣬ŷѾɳزսȻǲȱģҲ㹻ˡ
˸޵Сǿ߷˹ŷľ硣
ۣ޵ˣ޵У츳˭Ķ֣ҲУӴԺ粻裬ѾΪ֮еĴ֮һˡ
Ҫˣ֮УֹŷһսʣȵȣЩóһǾģڽһ֣һ֮УȻôһԤУܻȡĵλΪġ
˵һ𶯡
ʱܶǿ⣬Źŷ磬֮дɱ⡣
֮ǿĴڣ֮ǲκ˳ԽԼҲС
ʱֻո¶һЩͷ֮еĲǿߣѾԹŷ翪ʼˡ
ŷ絲סļιɱܵһЩԼ֮У˵⣬һ㣬ʱ׷ʲô顣
Ʋв֮еǿ߶Լĵ⣬Լ֡
룬ҲҪﵽԼĳ̶ȣʶһ㣬ŷһһȻֱһ˹ȥ
Ǹطһɫս׵ǿߣʱ͵رɫ֪ãתҪߡ
û뵽Լֻ˵˼仰ѣͱŷҵӣȻҪɱԼ
Ȼڸ޵УкԼԲǹŷĶ֣ıץסĻֻ·һ


2160 սԪ
Ҫߣ˲ϢΪԼѾ˹ŷ׷ɱʱһ𣺡ߵ𣿡
ʱ޵һ¶ɫ
ŷ絲ǰ棬ɫƽ޵Уɢµѹ
ŷ磬ҪʲôѵҪ۸𣿡޵д޾ľ룬úܶ˶ˡ
ʱʮϢڿգȫǿޱȣ˹
Щ˶Թŷ綼ŵ⣬޵кĻʱ಻ס˳
䣬ڹŷϣ˺⡣
û˳֣Ϊ֪ŷʵȻԼʮˣǳֵĻȴҲûʲôգЩΪ˱ģֻΪ壬ùŷ粻ҳɱˡ
֪ʲôԭȻû׷
ôǰǸ޵¶һĨϲɫܹ֣˵лλԮ֣Ԫм
ǶˣȻܹ۸򡣡һ޵Ŀڣŷ֮У˵⡣
ˣŷ¶һĨЦ˵˹ҺĹϵҲǷǳ֣ʹԷôˣŷҲûзԼĴ㣬ҪɱԪ졣
һ򶼷ǳǿƣߵһûбҪ˼ʲôֻҪǵˣնɱ˾УǻɵĻǲǹŷķ񡣶ֻӣ֮û̶֣Ҫǹŷ绹ЩܹãҪκ֮
Ͼʮ޵Уһɺǿʵŷ粻ΪУɱǣҲһʲô£Ϊ޵Уڵʱ䣬ޱȵľԶ˭ûмѣɱһľһѡ
ûйϵ֮еǿߣϣ㲻Ҫ֮սһǿЦ˵һ֪һ֮
ʦ֮еˣӵʦҲˣ֮еǰµѺͳǰ˰ɡŷ絭˵˵ԼЩ˵Ĺϵ
⵹Ҫ˵ǣϾּĴڣҪǼֵĵط˵ǣһ׵顣
ŷҪģֻǼɵԼֻɱԪʱЩܹ֡
ȻŷĻʮ޵Уʶŷ粢ǹԮģ֮УźܶѣҲŲǿĳЩ˵ʵһ֮ϡ
Ϊ˵飬Щˣֵòֵã˶ֹ
ǣʮ޵֮У߰˸תߣһԥûС
ֻʣ¾ˣ߲Ԫ죬ɫѿԹŷĵŨˡ
䡣
ڴʱһطµĲǶĿȥһŷ磬ںսȻ·磬ȴɺ
ʲôǱɫǹŷ磬Լǰ˭
뵽˹ŷͨһ壬ʱףסԪˣӦǹŷķ
ŷķͱһǿ֮Уʿ֪顣ҷڲųһ
ܵŷֲ֮ȻǸ޵еǿߣ̲סһڿˮ
̫ǿˣֲеˡ
뿪һ㶼ûԥ
ҶʦǰĶˣУŷλвλѵʵһĶûҲ룬ʲô˼ôܹ𣿡ŷ綢ʣµǼǿߡ
Է˹ŷĻ֮У¶˼ɫڵͷȫ뿪
һĻԪɫˣ֪á
ΪЩڣŷͲԼˡȴû뵽ôŷͽЩ˴ˡ
ֻʣһҪ߶ܡ
ŷѣҴˣҸղֻһʱ֮䣬ҡԪɫŷ˵
ˣŷǶ֣ɡ
û˵ŷֱӳ֣ʥӡ
Ԫɫ΢΢һ䣬֪ŷ粻ŹԼˣ˼һ㣬ŭһŷ˹ȥ
ԪӿʮֱϣȻÿһֱһµĵγһɱ⣬ŷɱ˹ȥ
Ǳ֮Ȼֻʮ֣ȴݻеıУʱԪʩչһֿµܡ
ŷ羪ȣԪȻԱزҲǼǿˣڸ޵֮УǱȽĴڡ
ŷ磬֮䣬ܹԪôĴڣǺܶࡣ
ʱõƣʮȫŻصâŷɱȥ
ŷվͣĳ֣ЩϣЩǿˣȻ޷һȭ顣


2161 ϵ
ȫ̵ɵģʵЩȫϣ飬Ϊ޵еĴڡ
ȫδԲƳ
ʮգǿƥȻ޵֮еľ׵Ӳ
ǿЩҵϣеҪ٣ֻһʣΪҪôĵ⣿ŷ絭ʵ
Ԫµϡ
ߣҵֳսۡԼĹס˹ŷ磬ʱԪҲһĵüʹԼ򲻹ŷ磬Լʮ˸֮£ҪߣǱȽ׵ġ
ŷ⣬ֱӿˣûһΡ
Ȼս۵ĵܵܣŷ֮¶һĨȻɫȻǾûʲô˵ˡ
ɱսۣ֮䣬ѾУҪһ
ȻѾ֪ˣȥɡŷ絭˵֮Уһǿš
ҪɱңҲҪеЩӦԪЦɫ֮дһĨмΪŷɱԼ
ʮɱȫͨµĹ⣬ѹһС
ŷվ˿ȭͷȴͣĴȥһȭһȭЩȫˡ
ǿޱȣʮĺɱһˡ
ܣʹǿҲܵסʮĺɱġԪָˡ
ʮ˺أݺᣬǹӰҫۡȫҪһ档
ɽ𶯣ҪˣϢ̫£ضܲס
ŷһʩչͨ˫ֽӡֻǴһʥӡ
֮䣬ȫǽ⣬ޱȣѹסһСʮֱҲɳȥȻѹƣڲͣĲҪһ
һĻԪ¶ŵɫȻסŷһȫҪˡ
ܡ
䣬ֻҪ㹻ûʲôǲܵģ̫ˡŷǿƶ飬Ԫб
ʮֱȫ飬ŷ򱬡
ǲͨ취һһ챦ǴʱȻֱӱˣʲôʣ¡
ԪѪίһߡ
־ĶŹŷ磬ʱףԷǶôĿ£ʵԽ̫ˡ
Ҫս۱𣬵ȴԼˡʶһ㣬ɫ࣬˾ˡ
㲻Ҫʲôʵģɱߣ˺ɱ֮ս磬ߣҲǻãҪΪ𣬾Ҫñɱ׼ŷƽޱȣΪԼκδ
һе飬ǶԷġ
ȻǿƣһֱֻǱȵѡ
˵׹ŷܺߣֻܺߵķȽˡ
۾Ԫ֪Լûʲô˵ˣŷҪɱӲȥĵĻ˵
ס֡
ڹŷҪֵʱһ𣬾Ȼ˹ŷǰ档
ûһԥŷȻһд˳ȥǸͻȻֵ˱ɫһȻޱǿƣȻŷײһ
˺ɳȥѪȴأֻŷ֮дһĨ𾪡һƾķһܵһ˺ʵ̫ˡ
ŷ翴ҲûпһۣԪ֡
ס֡Ҳŭˣ߸ϰˣھȻ˸Ļʱŭˡ
ֱӳ˹һս֣תž˵Ѫ⣬Ȼֱ˹ȥһ챦
ŷһ⣬ֱӸı˹һֻصѪ֮ϣǸǿ߸оһɿµѪ洫ѪȻڰܵʲôµĴһˣҲǲͣĺˣһڿѪɫ԰׵һ㡣
ʩչѪȻܵ˸أǿףŷʵԶԶԼ֮ϡ
ٳˣȻ󺰵㲻ɱ
˵Ԫǰ棬Ȼֹŷ硣
ŷʱǲˣ˵ݣһ档
һɡŷ絭˵
ǳϵǵ֮Уκ˶ܹΥǸǿ˵ȴǺܼҡ
Щǿ߲ȴǸĴڣԹŷ磬ûһ˵ǳһ㶼Ҳ
֮Уκ˶ܹΥôĿԹŷĶ̲סһ¡
ҲʶûбҪģǰɱˣʶľÿȻĻһɱˡŷ䣬ûȴĴ㡣
˵֪Ǹʲôʲôݣ֪ŷһҪ飬ǲܸıġ
ǿ߱ɫ֪ŷ˵óõ


2162 
Ԫ۾֮УһϣǾȻֹŷɱԼ˵һĺϢ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ̫֣Ǵ־㲻ΥǸǿߴ֮дŭ⣬ϵû˸Υû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˿⡣
ʵϣ޵иͲ֪ŷǸʲôϣһ˽ⶼûСνĳϼʹǿѵܹǿ£ôܻһʲӳϡ

ŷкһһûκζ
ǣԷȴ飬Ԫ񶼲һˣ޸վԶǸǿ߾ĶŹŷ硣
һ֮£飬һɱʵҲֲ̫˰ɡЩܹһ㲻ţ̲סһս
Ѿ˴𰸣Ǿǲ̫ܡһĳϣġ
ŷ磬㲻Ҫ嶯㲻֪ǵݣϵ֮Уû˻ΥǧɱԪǸǿ˵ǿƣȰŷ硣
ŷ翴һۣ̲ס΢΢üͷνĳϣʲôˣô
ûйϵҪ飬ǸɵԪ
ϾԷԪԼʱûг֣ȴԼҪɵԪǻûôӡ
оŷɱ⣬Ǹǿ߱ɫԪϴЦݣ˲ɫͱˣܵΣա
䡣
ŷֻ֣һ𣬸ϣԪ¡
Ǳɱһ޵֮УǽǸǿߣȻĻҪסǼܵġ
޵֮Уŷһ뷨Լ֮УѾ޵ˡ
ǿߴҪֹŷ磬ǺȻѾˡ
ŷ֣ɵԪһء
ǹŷ磬һȷԷԼĵˣԲʲôġ
ˡǸĸ޵𾪵˵ŷ羹ȻĲǳϵֱӸɵԪ
ŷ֮Уһɺݺݵ˵ܺãܺãɱԪԼҲˣ֮Уû˿ԹȻΥϵ
ĻŷüͷϵʲôˣôȻô¡
ԷҪ뿪ŷһ޵еǰ棬˵ߡ
ŷȻô׵뿪˵ʲôϣҪŪȻĻһô֯ͻȻ֣ȴһ㶼˽⣬ڹŷ˵Բһĵ顣
ûбҪ֪ΪҪˡǸǿЦŷ񣬾ڿһһ
ҪˣĻŷɫֱ
ŶԷ˵ǲشҵĻھҪɫ䣬ӴɱⱬֱָԷ
ܵŷɱ⣬ɣЩˣֹֻŷɱ˵ģȴû뵽Ūز
ǲ򲻵ѵʱ֯ǲ׵й¶ġɣԥ˵˳ҲҪǲ˵һ
ŷӣɲһĴ֮
˵ŷȡ
֯ǶʮһģΪֹɱԪΪԪսۣһѵĴˡɣ˵Լԭ
֯ŷüͷǵһһ֯
Ȼ˵Ļ֯϶򵥡
ʮһʲôΪ֮֯Уռݶλŷʵ
һʮһλϣʮսʮλ𣬻һףڶʮһϣǳ֮ʵڶʮһλӦÿ֮֯еλãΪ벽ѰɡɣС˵
ҲʲôܣǹŷǿߣҲ֪Ÿ˵
벽ѣǸ֮֯УȻʮλǰʮȥʲôӵһطôô¡
Ǻųʲô
ŷ˼ʱɣһ⣬гһ壬ֱ顣
䡣
ŷֱӳ֣һȭ˹ȥоԡ
ǣȻʱѾˣɣˣ̺֮ſµס˹ŷĹ
쵰ŷɫÿ
кܶ⣬ɣ뿪ʲˡ
ͬɣ˵һǿ𣿹ŷ𺳣һٶٴλһӰȫ嵽ǰս
һȻȴˡ
ˡĮùŷһ
֪񣬶Ҽ϶ʵ֪Լ˲Ĵˡ
ȻǺ֯ʲôǹŷȴףһһ˲õĴڡ


2163 Գ
񵽵ʲôŷʵ
δشŷ硣ʵҲûлشŷıҪŷ˽Խ٣Կпܸ
мס֣ŷδͣǰֻ档
һƬ嫵Ĵ㣬ֵԻ
ивǿߣ޵вŷոս򣬱㱻һǿ߶סˡ
һ飬ȴࡣ貣ͬһֻԳһ
Źŷ磬ʣʲôˣ
һʿҪҪһЩѣ۲ͬĵġŷ͵
һ򣿡Գǿ߼ʡ
򡣡ŷ絭˵
ףȻڻ֮У֣ǳãеˣʿ㹻ء
ֻشȻǾԲԹŷű֡
򡣡ǸԳǿߵһ
һ֮еĴڣ֮еˣܵĴһ㾴η֮е֮Ϊһ䣬ֻʣ½һˣѹ򶼻ᴭ
ȻڣͬһɢɳĴ򣬶Ȼ㹻ľη
½Գˣĵ֡ԳҲûһ͵⡣ʿǰһ˶ڵˡ
ҽԳܹоŷʵܴȻ࣬ѹȴʤ֪ٱ
ǶֵĻԶԶǹŷĶ֡
̫ӣʦ档ŷ絭˵ڳһݡ
̫ӣͷеˡ棬ԳȻ˵֮мΪǿһڣĶܹش
Ȼ̫ӣ¸ղʧˡ֪ŷݣԳ˸ӲĿֲ֮еˣǳסһҪǵʲô̫ӣһᱻشĶҩˡ
̫ӣֻش֮УʶˣһתԳ˴⣬һҪǰ̫Ӹùϵ˵Ժ̫һˣԼܹһȥˣǸʱͷӣͲõκǿˡ
ŷҡͷɻĿһ۽Գˣ֪ʲô
ѿҪȥĵطԳ˼ʵ
ҡͷŷڸͲ֪ԼҪȥֻش֮УҪܹܲҵֻƬȥŷһ㶼û
ʵֻҪԼȥ֮ﶼȥ
̫ȥϢһ£ҿΪ̫Σֻش֮УûҽԳ˲֪ĵطءԳ˵ԼĿġ
ŷֵĿ˽ԳһۣѵҪֺԼֻǹŷ粻ãԼҪһ޵еǿҪֺõĵط
ȻԳ˵ˣŷȻҲܾһΪԼĵΣҲһ¡ٹŷ粻һĨڣﶼ֪Ҵĺá
˼һ£ŷڽԳ˼е֮У˵ͷǾͶлˡ
̫ӲĻһСɡԳЦ˵֮͸һֹ
ŷЩˣһﾹȻҪԼСܣ
һ޵ȴùŷЩ⣬ԼԳˡ
̫ðɣŷЩԥ˵
ŷĻԳɫһȴûŭЩĵ˵ѵѿԳ
ǡŷ֡
һ޵У˭Ҳܹ𣬰ŷڡߵˣһǾ޵콾ҲǶи֣֮ȴκܹġ
Ȼ̫Ӳǿ£Ǿ½ԳɣԳԸ̫ߣǰԹ޻ڡԳһ˵
ŷĿɿڴһ޵УȻźҪһ˵СܣⱾе㲻Ѱһ⣬ŷ˵ɣ㵽ʲôҪҡ
Գһ£û뵽̫ӾȻ˴׵ĲµԼ뷨
ŷ磬Ҳ
Գ˿Ц̫ӣǵ˵ɡ
ŷ⵹û˵ʲôܹоԳʵûж⣬ֻΪĳЩԭԲղŵľٶԳ˲¼ֻǱΰˡ
ֻǣʲô飬Ȼһǿ߱Ƴӣʵе˼
Գνĺᣬĺᣬһɽۣѩʱһ紵ȥ쬵ġ
һ˲ᱻɱ
ŷһ޹޹ĽԳˣʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˡף׵ģǵһμ
סĵط󣬹ŷ绹̲סһ䡣


2164 Ĵ
˵ͷԳ˷ǳ˵ǰط̫ˣҵõĶ
ŷ鴤һ㶴ӡ
ܷѩ죬Ȼ˵ûκӰ죬ǹŷ绹еŤһ£һָһݳ֣ӲӣԵ쳣
ǹŷ컯ģȻֻһָҪٵݣû쾳۷壬Ȼǲġ
ܵһ㣬Գ۾һڹŷʵٴһµʶ
ŷʵܵԶԶҪߡ
߽˷棬ŷ⻯ΣȻС
Գ룬Ҳ͹ŷһϡ
˵ɣΪҪΪŷʵ
ҪףȻһ޵й˳һ£ǲŪеʲôԭ򣬹ŷҲЩġ
ԥһ£ŷһı飬ԳڿЦҵһܵˣһֱԣҪ̫ӣҪ̫ӵĺ壬Ǹ˲Ҷҡ
Ǹ˭ŷ
ҼԳ˵˳
ףԼҪŷ磬ǲܵģԷȻѾ뵽һ㣬ʵ˵ĻĻǶԷԸԼȵҵɱʱҲ˿ɽ
ǰ̫ӣͲҵﺫҵˣԳ˾̫ΪҲעġ
ң־Ǻҵ𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
һԳЩȵŹŷ磬Ȼͺҵʶ
ǡһ϶Ĵ𰸣Գ˵ȴǰ̫ӣͺҵйϵĻԳ֪ԼҪùˣͲܵס̫ӡ
ŷЦˣо˸˵ԭǸȼ壬֪ˣģҲҵĵˡ
ŷĻԳ˵۾ʱˡ
־ɱġŷ³һϢ
Գ˻һͻȻ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬Ǿۡ
־ǰ磬һֱûйдۻɱˣǰ̫ӣȴ˵Լɱ˺־ңֻһֿܣǰ̫ӣǾ۱ˡĹϵһûκιϵ
㻹ǴڻǸһпҲΪֻشͽܡŷ綢ŽԳˡ
Գ˺ɣɫδ䣬ҡͷ˵Գһֻش֮ļûйϸһȫǿԼŬЩֻش飬ѹ֮⣬ûһԵҵ飬һ򣬷ȥΣ
ƽ֮ûκβǹŷȴܹоԳ˻е㱯ġϾĹ磬ȴδһõļ䣬ڸҪȥ
Ҳֻ˵˵ѣһңֻɣŷԳ̲࣬סЦ˵
һ£Գ˵ͷҲԼͬ
ʵϣԳֱ֣ŸùŷģһҪԼ磬ûһˣԲߡ
ˣԱԼĹͿԱ
ֻǣԳ˵ı֣ùŷ⡣
ȻˣԺ͸ҰɣֻҪҹŷһ첻˭Ҳ۸ߵˡŷ絭˵֮еļᶨýԳ˻һ
ԳףԼûиˣŷ磬ֵԼ档
ŷԳѯֻشԳ˺ĸŷһߡֻش֮УĴ壬ֱռֻشһλ
Ĵ໥⣬Ѿƽ˺ܶ¡ҲΪĴԭ򣬺ܶɢ޹ò⡣
ֻҪǲĴ壬ĴƵߣҪܵǵĴѹԳˣһ
ΪβԸǣŷЩȡ
ǲɢ޵˿ǵţֻһǵڻңһЩСͻ֮ûһɢޣܹյģ䱻ʹȥǻ粫һ£ȻɱˣҲܹңһЩ¡Գ˵˵֮УȫǱɫ
Ϊʲô뿪ŷ̲סʵ
ԽԳʵҪ뿪һ°
ǴģԸоͨڣһƣֻҪֻش֮е飬δõҪȥضᱻǸƻɱΨһķһˣ˵ϢסԼıԴܹ뿪Գ˿Ц
Ļŷ̲סһҲ̫˰ɡʹ֮УļҼҪл鳼Ҳδ顣
ŷףΪʲôֻش֮еǺˣԭܼ򵥣Ǻǿ߳ȥǵʵԲС


2165 
˭Ҳֻ֪ش֮Ужǿߣǿ֪ôĻۣٲˡ
ĴʵԷǳ¡
֪ˣֻ֪ƬϢŷʵ
ֻƬԳ˻һ¶Ȼɫ֮Уڴ˵ŷѾӵ˺üֻƬΪ˽ֻƬռȫ
֪һطӦûЩԳ˵
ŷоһ
֮ǣֻشģĴ壬һصĴڣһͬƹܣ˵ֹֻƬԳ˽Լ֪˵˳
Ǿȥ֮ǡŷ˾
ԳԥĿ˹ŷһۣȻͷȻͬĻ
Ҫ֪һֱҵ׷ɱȥ֮ǣֱ˵ͶǹŷȻҪʹĴӦˡ
ɴ˿ɼԳ˸ŷľģǷǳᶨġ
ģڣûܹ˵㡣ŷ絭˵
ôĿ
Ļ䣬һ𣬶ʱýԳ̲סվЩ־ŷ棬Գ˵嶼ˡ
ǹŷµһʱˡ
ʹŷԳҲܽţЩ̿֡ˣ죬ǵʵȴͽԳ˲ˡ
ʵϣҪɱԳ˵ĻҲǺܼ򵥡ǽԳǿߣһӣŷˣߺͻļҼʵпɱ
ʲôŷ絭ʵ
ŷĻɱ˲ס䣬ѹڹŷϡ
ʼ˵ǸЦôĵӣȻҶǲ
磬ɱһͽԳһģҸղ˵ĻͲĴУҵ֪жʵһ˵ɱȻ
ŷﲻǵĻһ䣬ֱ̽һֻ֣ѹ˹ȥ

ʼǸһ죬Ϣʧˡ
硣һǿߴţ֮еˣȻֻһУֳ
ɱһǿ֮ûͣٴѹȥ
ơ
Ǹ˴һЩ׼Ȼãֱӱŷɱǿĸ޵Уסһ
Գ𺳣ΪȻ֪緢ʲô飬ʵĸ޵Уסŷһֱӱɱ
ʵµˣԳ˾ãȻҲ˰ɡ
ɫ𺳣Źŷ磬֮дؾηһ˿ŷԽǿ󣬶ڽԳ˵Խһ£ܹס
һγ֣ɱ޵У־磬Ѿ󡣽Գףۣȴ˵֮еʵǿ
ߡŷһŽԳֱ뿪
뿪󲻾ãӰ֣ӦϢȫ¶ɱ⡣
ɱҺҵˣ˭ҲӲͷһŮӣɫǳ䣬һɱ⡣
˺ͽԳ֮йϵֻҪҵԳˣ֪˵ˣңѰҽԳˡǸŮӼ˵
ǡ
ЩǿȻΨŮհ
뿪Ůɫ䣬ɨܣк˸׼һ׷˹ȥ
ŷѾһԶĵطͻȻɫһ䣬ŽԳ˾Ҫ뿪
ǣһӰȴǰ
ŷ¶ȵɫԷȻôҵԼ쳣⡣
һŮӣòɫ䣬ŹŷˣϾȻһϣһЩӶҪǿơ
ɱ˾ߣŮ˵δˣȻԼʵžԵš
ԳһŵɫҿŮӣΪ֪Ů˵ݡ
֮ǰĸֺ飬˭Ҳ֪ʵ׿µʲôزֻֻ֮ΪĴڣ֪ʵ
ŷȻǿƣǽԳȴЩĹŷ粻Ķ֡
Ҳʲô˼ŷüһӣȻˣýԳĿɿڴΪŷʹĳء
ҵСˡЦŷ֮г˲м
۹ŷô˵϶ŷɱ֡ԶԹŷ磬ӵĲм
ģȻҪеǲ̫ΪȻܳϣ˭ҲԩҡŷЦһܷŭӡ
ԳŹŷ磬۾֮ȫɫ۾˵Ϲ˵ֱ׳ŷĵһǡ
ߣҲϲϣˣǲҲûʲôϵЦ˵׼ˡ
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷҡͷһĲм
һЦˣֻЦȴǳ䡣


2166 ø
̫ӣǺ飬֮УʵǰԳѣ¹ŷΪԿ
һں֮Уǰĸ֣Ǿġĳ̶ֳ˵ˡ
ʵϻǵλϣ鶼Ǹ߸ϡ
Ŷ֪ˡŷƽֻǵŶһһûнϵӡ
֮һ⣬֮ϣ¶һɱ⣺֮ͽΪԼ̬ȸ۵ġ
ϻ̫ˣ˵ˣ˲ɱģҪҪԩңҲϣҪܵĻҲ㣬㲻Ǳ̫ӵĶ֡ŷָź飬һţӡ
һֱ׳ӣԳ˶Щ죬Ҫģǹŷ˵ѣȴ˵ֱ׳ˣĺټ
һӣǲԿԳͻȻһʱ¶һĨЦݡ
ɫһ˵ŷضĲһ֮ɳ֮ϣɢµϢϡ
ŷɫһݣʵȻ
ǺܵģڵʵҪʵ̫ˣȻǿҲһ㡣
ǽԳЩţףǹŷ类ܣԼҲˣ϶ҪնɱӲȥ
˵ڹŷһ˵ˡ
䡣
֣֮ƣȫǻƽɫеͬһƽŮսһ£Ǭ飬µϢƵŷѹ档
ĺǿ󣬹ֲøҺųƺǰǿߣʵǳˡ
ŷһ֣ͬһɫĶзɳȥǿĻϢúɫ
ʲôɫ΢΢һ䣬ΪѾʴˣľĸоʶĺˡ
Źŷ磬˸βźʵ㵽ʲôˣ
̫ӣ򡣡ŷܽ˵Լݡ
̫ӣüͷûһ֡
ͻȻͫ΢΢һ̲סʵʲôϵ
ʶʦ𣿡ŷװһȵӡ
Ȼɫٱ䡣棬һǳµ֮кܶǿߵУǼµġҲΪܵ͵ᵽ棬ǻвǿ߱ɫΪģֻΪĶƿش
дԣ治ϧһд۵Ļһ涼ˣ
ǰ̫ӣȻĵӣúЩš
о˸˼£ȷʵʩչδĵӣҴδ˵һеӡ
ªţǲŵĻȥ֮Уʦһ£֪ˡŷ絭һЦǷǳƽ
ȥһ£ǳ鴤һ£пܵĻûһԸȥ档
ʹĵӣҲɱҺҵǿߡ˵
Ļŷ¶һ˿ͷЩˬ˵ŮˣûУҶ˵ˣ˲ɱģٺ˵˵Ҷ㲻
һĹĵӣŻʶĺݺݵĶ£һԩӡ
Գ˶ЩˣһĲǹŷֵġ
Գ̲סпЦԼ˵ݼǸ߰
¶һĨɻǰ̫ӣ˵ѡ۹˸£ƽ
ʲôﾭӶŹŷ磬һʵ
̫ƾʲô㣿ŷЦб˺һۡ
ֱҧݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪһ
̫ӵѸҡ룬ûбһǼɵŷݣĵӣǿɲǣ֪ľɱ˵ĵ˭˷ǳǿߣ˲նɱǺҵ޵УҵֵĻʳѰ
һġŷȴЦ˵
ʲôһ¡
һøҾ͸㡣ŷڣʱýԳ˵Ӷɳˣ𾪵ĶŹŷ磬Ŀֱڿһ鶼ҵϷȻΪۡ
鳹ʯԼǲˣȻ˸ҵϷԼϱµɱ⣬ֹŷ磬ֱҪ˺һ㡣
ŷȴվȻ壬һƵӡ
ı飬Ǻݺݵĳ鴤ԥ˰죬ģĺһø硣
֣Ȼģ壬ڳĶʲôˣԳӶɴˣ¶һ㤵ı飬ȻǱˡ


2167 
ŷ籾ǵϷŮ˵ģûдĸ߶Է˭֡ôҲû뵽ǰĸ֣һһ飬ȻĻẰԼһø磬һʱᶼûзӦ
˵ˡ֮󣬺ɫͨ죬ȻǿŹŷ硣
һ˫ڹŷϣһݺݵӣȻǹŷ粻˵ģƴ
ǹŷԼҪ˼ˣŷ綼÷ڡ
ԥһ£ŷ˵ǾǸ쵰ġ
ʲôһݣϱɱ⡣
־ھ۵Уβ֪ȴδ֮ǰСʵҪľǾ䣬Ūʵ֮󣬲źö֡
ͻȻ۵ϢɱԼҵӵ֣ˡ
Գ˵ɴ۾ŷ˵˾۵֣׵ľܹһᣬǾۡȻԼɱ˵عˣֻ֮У̫ӵߣȴӷˡ
𺳣ȻͻȻĶŹŷ磬ƭҡ
ʲôŷüͷһ壬ҲЩֹԼĻ
ۣŮɱˣô׽˵ӦðβŶԡЦ뵽һ㣬ͻȻʶǰ̫ӵģӦǺ͹ŷһ·˲Ŷԡ
ŷͻȻ¶طŭҪҺǸһᲢۡһ޵ı飬ֵķǳλֱǺ͹ŷвɽ⿪һ
ȻʱҲŷıŪͷˡ
ʲô˼Щ㶵ʵ
ŷʦ㣬죬籾Ӧҵġ¶ŭɫԹúǰ̫ˡ
ֲ̫ӣҪԼŷϢԭ͹ŷ֮С
ղߵĿ죬ҲǸһɱˡŷһ־˵
һ̫ӵʵԿ£Լ֮£ǴʱȴԾ۾嵽ز
жǿ̲סһ䡣
֪ȻУҲòϣ֮УΪµ츳ǰ󣬿µһҴδȾ޵ˣ˿ڵʵʮҲ򲻹һˡŷһʧ˵ȴԼ佱һ˾̾ĸ߶ȡ
˿죬һ㶼ڿԼһʹԳˣѾ˹ŷ磬ʱҲ̲סа뵽Ƥ֡
ôǿ󣿡Բţ̫һɫʱãҲ̫ӣû˵ѡ
һȻõŷѾֻش֮еϢȻȫûжﵢˡ
оһŷ˵̫ӣղŵ飬ˣ֪Ը⣬һǰ̶ܲԸŷơ
Сŷһھܾ
üͷһ壬Źŷ磬ɵʵѵ̫Ӳɱ㰮˶
ȫҶǶŷһ飬аһ䡣ȴҡͷ̾ϢϾʦˣӦʦʦ㣬Բŷ֣ҲȥԸҲһˡ
еɻȫʧȫŹŷĻǹŷһڴӦỳɣ²⣬ǰǲǾǹŷ硣ڹŷһķӦеɻ
ֻ̫شΪ˺£ٴѯʣһ֣׿Խһ򣬶ʲôҪҪ
һ⣬ŷɫĮȻŷ綯֣ȴҪƻ飬ֻش򣬿϶ΪֻƬֻҪҵֻƬԶûлὫֻƬõ֡
Ͷʯ·ŷֱӽ̫ӡ죬Ŀ˵ΪҪķӦġ
鲢ǺܽţֻǵһЦ˵̫һ㵹ǿԷģŷԶûлἯеֻƬȻֶҲС
һţϴЦݡ
Ϊʲôŷֱʵ
ֻ֪ƬһݣڹŷҲ޷ǿڵУҪõֻƬǾԲܵ顣鵭˵
˭ŷʶѯʡ
ʱһЦ˵Ȼһ£˭õֻƬȹŷõҪǿĶ࣬лλָˡ
쵰ɫ΢΢һ죬뵽Լղźǰ̫һø磬̲סһ뿪


2168 
ˣԳĿɿڴŷ֮г
ȿȣҪôݵĿңһ὾ġŷٺһЦ
ԳŷӦ̲ס𺳵˵һǵһμܹú鱻ƭת
Ϊǰûҹŷ硣ŷǳƽ˵
ȻĻЩװƣǽԳȴͷһ쳣ͬı顣
ŷЦ

˽ֱǰ֮ǡ
֮⣬ϵһɬʧޱȡ
㵽ʲôˣ̫ӣҶţȻ͵ǾԲһӣʵ滹Ҫǿ
ǹŷĻ϶ᾪȣԼһ˵ǣȻûнƭȥ
ۣ㲻ĻǺˣĻֻشѵΪֻش򣬶Ըһۣ¶һĨ⣬ʧ
Ȼһǳ֣Բһһƽ
ǡ˼壬ûκȫһʯɣһǳأһ½ޱߡ
һţΪʯڣĴ֮еԼҵһС
ĴʵȻǿ󣬵ǵϵԱȴҲܱ鲼ֻ档һЩС
ЩνСҲһ㶼жǿĸ޵
һǵ൱һ硣ԳΪŷͣһǣֻһǳضѡ֮ϣжһǳأ֮ǣ߳ǳأޱߣ˵
ŷ̲סһֻشĺǿ󣬹ʵԲڻ򣬵ǣȴ֮УûʲôԲ
ִ򣬲ӦüŶԣȻǿ߲ҲӦúܾˣټͷ
ŷᶯֻش֮Уܡ
ѯʽԳˣǽԳҡͷһ㶼ȻҲǸ޵УʵǺǿ󣬼ϳ⣬ֻش֮еĺܶ飬һ㶼
ŷҲûб̫ϣԳ֮С
ڶ࣬Ҷǿ塣ŷͿǧɳ򼣬ڿĽֵ֮ϣжЫһ壬Ҳ飬ǲ࣬ĳһ֣
ⲢЩ鲻ǿ޷ΣֻǱһѡ
Щ飬쳣ǿҲռݺܶಿ֣ͬǿһ㡣ΧСͣĽȻʲô׵ĶȫõƷ
ףöŷͻȻһ̲סЩȵ˵
һңƽǷȴ˸ҶֻҪʶһֽҪɵĸо
ܶ˸оֶĲȴֻǿһۣ뿪̯λ̯һݵʿʵǿڻ߾磬ȴһĸоԼĶʽ̲ס¶һĨɬ
ŷ˹ȥֱ˹ȥ
ס֡߱ɫϽֹŷ硣
ŷֵ˲ֹͣһۣʵΪʲô
֮һһĶȻ޵ˣҲҪһԪˡĽ͡
ŷȴЦЦ£ֱӽС
߱ɫ̲סҡͷ̫嶯ֶôֱܹãϽ¡
һģ¹ŷʲô⡣
߿ŷʵΪŷ̫ǿˣĽԳˣԼɢֲϢָоǳϤʯڵҲϢʯһ޵С
һ޵и棬ҲһүһΪҳʲô⣬ɵΡ
޷
ŷָ֣һ⣬ҡһµϢתΧ˶ɫ
㿪Ǹߴ󺰣˿־塣
ֹŷ³ç񣬸ڿһһֶһȫ汬˲ɱһ쾳۷壬Ȼ޵УҪһƤȥ
ǣŷȴ˶̲ס𾪣еĲһʹ޵УҲӶɡ
һ̣Ӿ˵鷢ˡŷһЩȫ˿С
һĻԳ˵ɫˣ֪ŷʵǿ󣬵Ҳû뵽ŷֱӽڡ
ȻԳͽܣǽԳȴ֪ǡһҲֶأǾȴδء
еǣԳ˶Źŷ磬ֻҪŷʲô飬ƴֶΣҲҪס
ֻǣĵûг֣ŷһãҰҰ죬ȻЦ˵ζϰ廹𣿡
ʲô˲Χʿȫɴ۾


2169 
Ǹϰֱ£ԼһͻȻʶԼǧõĶȻֱӺȵˡ
ǰ˵ʵߣԼԲס
߿ʲôû˵
ѣѵû£֪ղǺε涾ȻǸ޵УһȥҲɡһվ˳쾳۷壬ʱɫ𺳵˵
Ȼʶֻһ֮ѣ˵С˼ˡŷ֣˶ҵ
䣬֣ȫ̲סһ
ȻǸȺĶңһµ壬ֹǿ߾棬ĶأɵУҪɱֻشջʧˡ
ֻһսҲкܳһʱδֻ֡شʿɫ֪һս֮УܵشԲ޸˺
֮ǰﵽһ۷塣
ǸʱȻǿĴ壬ҲȺҪ˱ܡ
ǧХʿҪĤݣĻпܱɱⲻһǿƵ壬飬Ѫɱ
ֻһսֱֻӶ˽ֶΣ串ʣµľҲɥʧǣܹУֻбܡ
Ȼˣʧȥǵľ䣬ҲǿţɳĴڣв޵С
ŷ֪֮ȴ֪һʷֻѾ㹻ˣûбҪ˽ôࡣ
һҵĶأвŷ硣˲ͱԼĶ
ŷ籾ڶ棬ҲоڼȻҪװĵӣȻҪúõıһ
ڵľ磬һܹڼ̵ʱ֮ڣﵽߵĵزϹŷ籾ҽɣҽ֮䲻ּңŷĶܿﵽһ˼ĵز
Ķأڹŷ˵صһö
ôܣǸ𺳡
Ϊ˵õ䣬֪ܵ˶ٿԼµҪĶԷȻӡ
㻹Ǹζĺܺáŷһȡ
һ߿Цûˣֻ֮УھҲǴɵõһһھһ֮µõģҪһЩҩҽڵƣڿѾˡ
ɬԼϾϣ
ĶңѾǰ˺ȥȻỹԼˡ
ϵƣŷ翴һۣȻͷȷʵѲʮӡͷС˵ʲôȻ嶾ңһС⣬ҰŷЦ˵Ҳκǿ߿ڵ⣬鷳Ƕ˵ȴһ㶼ûһĵġ
ߵŷһҽɣĲ֪»ʲôѵԼġǣһȥԪ飬ɢӰ٣ûκβлꡣĻֻҪһ㶫ŷ綼ܹǸ˾Ȼ
ʲô𾪣Щš
ŷһۿڵĽɫ΢䣬Źŷ磬һɵ
ŷȴûתӣǳȥһߵĶ֮УҪָ͸ߡ
̫ˣŷ粻ô˵ǰ֣Բ߸Լ
ԼĻǾˡ
ŷҲǿϾܣ⣬Լ˶ԷĶȻκ֮е⣬ǽ黹ˡ
һ˵ռˡ
Ķңʹ󣬵ҲֻܹһЩҩҲܹ΢ĺһ㣬ȴԲǹŷһһ־ֱӸΡ
ʲô𺳣еŹŷĻ
룬ȣȥΪϵֻܶ꣬Ҫ׽⣬ʵᷢ췭ظı仯
ԣ۹ŷ絽ûʵ˵Ļ߶Ҫһ¡
ˣŷ΢΢˵ͷԷǲĻŷǲҲκεġ
ǰУһ¥ſڡС¥ֵʱɫ΢΢һ䡣
ŷҪ߽ȥϽܹȥ
ŷת΢΢ЩɻĿһۣҡҡͷֱ룬á߱ɫһ
ԳʱҲʲôҲɫ䣬һץŷ磬ҪѾˣûץסŷ硣
ŷֱӽУ̧ͷƣɫѿ
¥
һǺ֣ͨԵЩ죬ʱȴ޵У̲סɫ


2170 ¥
ߵʵڸ޵о硣ֻΪʮʧȥʵֻл߾ˡ
ʱ¥̬ȣȻǼɵ˼㡣
˽ȥˣҲҪȥԳ۾֮˸żᶨɫ¥֮߹ȥ
һסԳˣ̲סһ˵ˣ¥¼ΪаĵطȥԼܹ𣿡
һľӣʱȻһ¥ûС
ҵ˸ģԼʹҲҪһ¥ҲǰҺ£ڣΪˣҲٺˡԳ˵˵
ҡͷŽԳˣȻЦ˵ͬеǿߣҲܹ£ܽȥ
㵽˭Գ˿һۣɫ֮дɻ
ΪһʿߵĻ֮󣬲֪Լˣ⾹Ȼǿߡ
ҵ֣Ѿܳʱ䲻ˣǵǰʱЩ˶ƺ߿ɬ˵
㡣
Գ𺳣ֱΪԼˡ
ֻش֮УĴڣڰǰǸʱ򣬸սĴϡ
֣ܻɱ˲Ĵǿߡ
ΪһԿĴǿߣˡǽȴǾΧʮǿߣѹȥǿҲܵסձɱ
Գû뵽ǣ˵еȻδȥԼǰӣȻǺܺãʱȥˣȻ˻߾磬ȻоԷ˺ܶ˲֪顣
ұʮǿ׷ɱӵһ޾ľ룬ҵʵһЦĳƺ̫ԴˣΪȻҪսĴ壬ֱЦ˵¶һĨɫ
ʱ򣬽ԳתߣȻһӡ
ҪʲôԾغ
˵Щϻûκã֪ˣÿҪȥˡԳ˷һۣû˵
¥ԼĴ֮ϣҸЩֻҪ֪¥ǿ󣬶¥ֻǸˡһ϶ŽԳˣ˵ǿߣҲ뿴װȥԲס㣬Ϊá
ҵ̫ӾȵģҲܻԳ˵˵֮г˼ᶨ
𺳵ȥ
ڴʱһӰ֣ŷЩȵ˵ǻʲôȥС椶Ư
ʲôԳ˺ȫɴ۾ǼһǳԾĶŹŷ磬һŵı顣
δ˵˿Խ¥֮Уܹ߳ûյ룬ĴǿߣҲһ
¥ǿأúֻܶشеˣڲ²ǵͷݡ
ǣû֪ʹĴ֮еĴڣû㹻ʵ͵λҲ֪ǵ
һȺ쳣صĴڣһ붼̲סľ
ŷЦ˵
Գ˺ǿе𺳣Źŷ˽ҲҪ֪طһʲôӵĴڣȻôǿߣ֮ȥĻᶼؿС
ǽ֮󣬿һصˣȫ̲סԾˡ
ܶ࣬٣и޵оȻʮ𣬸ǿһָоԼ۷ʱڣԸһˣǶ֡
Щ˺ǿ󣬹Ϣѹһĸ޵ˡ
ǺܺÿͣҪұԡȻȫҴſˡŷһӡ
ȻѾµǹŷˣǵ׿ڳϣ˻̲ס𺳡ʮ޵еǿߣȻ򲻹ŷһˣٸǿߣڼ̵ʱ֮ڣŷȫѹڵϣܹһ¡
ѾŷʵĹߵˣǴʱһжʱףԼ뻹С˹ŷʵ
״ﵽ˺ָ߶ȣ޷ͬɽֹ޷ʵǰ
¥ʲôطϻѵ¥ŷʵ
ʵϣǲ֪¥ΪһҺڵءľɫŮӣĲ٣ʮʿ֮УŸŮԣҶϵɫһˡ
¥Щ򵹵ʿȫɫ࣬ŷĻǶԹŷŭĿӣ¥Ȼ¥˵衣
Щ˶¶Ҫɱ˵Ŀ⣬ŷ֪Լ´ˣڨЦһǸ
ڴʱһŮӵȴ𣺡ǽﵱ¥Ҳ޲ɣҿź㡣


2171 ɢ
ŷת˹ȥʱһƯŮӣһףǲڷ֮С
Ͷ֮䣬ţʱһ˫ĿŹŷ磬ϼ˫գһ־˵ɢ
Ůˣýڲʵǹŷ籾ѾԽˣǻһָоĪصӡ̲סҡͷʧЦӣԼб߸߹ǰŮȣ¡
Գ˵Щ𺳣ǵһμƯһŮˡ
ɫˣ˾̾һ˿ڣǱˣ
֮УŮޡһǰľɫǺǰŮȣһ㡣ȻǹŮڴˣ϶Ůӣ໹Ҫʤһ󽫵ĶʣһŮܹȵġ
ŷվЩĬԳ˶ЩΪŷż޲ŷӦ
վû˵֪ŮǳŹŷġ
վһߣʧȥʵҲӦõеİԵǷǳƽ
ǰĻ϶Ϸһ
ͻȻŷ¶һĨЦݣΪŮѾߵߣһ˫ŷո˹ȥ
Ů̫ˣһ˫ֶ·̺֮еӨӨԣŲ۾Ҫˡ
Ķ˵İ̾Ϣһ˫֣Щصӣӣۡ
˫ѾҪ˹ŷýԳ˺ĶЩζˣĽŷ޸ǳ
ڴʱŷȴˣÿצӣȻĻҲ
ʲô
˶ɴ۾Ӷɳһˣһ˫֣Ȼ˵צӣҹŷ̬ȣ˶ӣЩ˼ֱΪԼˡ
ŮӵҲһĨȻȻû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ̬ȡ
ջ֣һӣܰ˵Źŷ磬ѵūҲ𣿡
ԼҲ˵ˣ¥ҲϲһŮ֧Ůġŷƽ˵ȴ˶ɫ
ŮӸǵɴ۾˳ŹŷĻ˵ģԷȴˡ
ˣһȥҪﰭۣЩװļһþƺò˸үˣҪԶȾơŷɨһЩڵϵǿߣǵ׷һѹǵĽƱ⿪ȫָ
ܶɫһҪ͹ŷƴ
ԸЩˣŷֻһָͷ㽫ǵɳȥѹһΣǾûôˣһѪȻܵ˲˺
Ҫͼսңʵ֤ǲҵĶ֣طѾ˽ƣ˭ĻԳȥһ¡ŷ絭˵
˻һ˶ǻһŷ֮УһĨŭ裬¥Ĵ֮ϣʲôʱԴ
ȴһˣȻ˶Դǣŭһĸо
ˣǸŮˣצжͲҪ̫ҵȻ¶ȴܷбҡŷɨǸŮһۣ˵
ʱԳ˺ȻֲôԷϾȻжֶأǿһ˵ϣԲһĶ
㾹Ȼܹ쵽ɢĶŮ𾪵˵
ɢ֣Գ˺ǻһ֮УڽɵĶֻ˵ɢܹҪһ޵еþɢɱ޵С
ȻҲôʹ죬Ǹɱĸ޵Уֶؾ꣬ȫ긯ʴ
ֶҪһʹ춼ס
ãҪԣɱ˱̫ӣǵǿԱˣȻɱ˱̫ӣٺ١ŷû˵ЦȴǸŮ˴һ
֪ΪʲôͻȻһָоǾɢĶǰˣԲκá
ܹоԷӹţ޾ɢĶ
ӵǺˣ¥ʲôط˹ӣǿסе𺳣Ůɫʵ
ʱʥޱȣһʥŮҲûиղŵһȻ֮ת䣬̲ס̾
Ҫ֪ҵҲûʲô˵ģ̫̫ӣʦ棬ں¥֮䣬ûһԹұΪǾ¥أ˭֪սŷֲǣҲҳȥֻܹˡŷ絭˵
Ů˲ȻֲòԼľɢȻĵӣֻŮҲ֣û˵ʲôеӵġ
ڹŷ˵ԭҲˣȻƺףǶһ˽¥˵ȴǳһǳĽ͡


2172 ʥŮѾͷ
Ǵ濴¥ȷʵǾ¥
ǾһڣĴ壬ǣµ˼㡣
ֻǣ˭Ҳû뵽ֹŷһĵĴȻֱƷ
ȥ̫׼Ʋˡŷüǿһ䡣
һˬӣŮһϽ˵׼ƲˣٶȣõľƲˡ
Ȼĵλͣһ˵ЩȻԹǻ뿪ȥ׼Ʋˡ
Ůһ˫ĿͣĴŹŷ磬һŹ֡
ź̫ӣŷ类ЩˬˣбŮһۣ˵
Ůɫ΢΢һ䣬࣬Ȼˣղ֣֮Ϊɱ˶ѡ
Ȼ֪˵ݣףԼɱﵲɱ˵ˣȻԼ
ˣȥŮӸϽ˵
һ¡ŷ絭Ŀڡ
Ů£վﲻɫЩ
ʲô֣ŷʵ
Ůԥһ£˵ˮ
ˮô򵥣Ҳ̫硣ŷ赭д˵Ļһڣˣȫɫ䣬ǶݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
Ȼˮݲ򵥣ŷΪǷŭˡ
ôȺҪһս𣿡ŷ翴һۣͻȻһһЩ˵ĶըǲҽУ˵ϡ
Щ˵ʵǿ˶쾳۷壬ʮ޵УǶסŷһȣȫԡ
ˮԾĵлɣΪŷ̫ǿˣһȣø޵жŲģʵȻ棬Ҳ˰ɡ
ŷҪվֱӶ֣ˮһϽ˵̫Ϣŭܹź̫ӣҵңֻһʱͿ̫ӲҪǼƽϡ
ˮĻЩ¥ǿ۾ˣǵʥŮߵأ֮Ů˭񣬵Ǵʱȴ䵽һһ˵ǸΪǡ
Ҫˮȴݺݵĵһۣ˵Ƕʵһ㣬̫Ŀˣ׼񡣡
ˣǿࡣ
ҲˣʱˮЩˣЩҲףԼԽˣˮԽҪ裬Ƕɵӣȫ侲ֻɫվ
⻹࣬˵ǳóҲˣƢô˲ˡŷҡͷһ̾
Գ˺ˣʮ֮УоŸŮӣϵɫȻʿ֮УŮߵܵ׷ڹŷĿУЩ˶˳ó뵽Ǹˮ̬ȣЩˣʲôӵŮвŮء
ȻЩ⣬ȴҲףŷ統ŮˣǷǳ˵ġ
Щ¥ʿȫƽˮһߵŷַļ֮ϣΪ硣
ʵϣôľ룬ˮʵ͵ϮĻȻһ޵֮еٮٮߣҲɡǰ̫ӣȴҶ֣һָоԼǶˣҲδܹ˺ˣпܣҪ˻Լ
뷨ľҶֻ֣ܹʵİŷ硣

ŷ̲ס̾˵ʿİգʵ̫ˣһŮ磬Ȳ᲻أķǳ
һ㣬ʱķһ̾
ŷӣЩ¥ǿȴҪԼʥŮ磬ֵǷŭ
ǲҪңҲŲҪǸأ̫ˡŷһӵ˵
ЩץоŲŮӣȻҲںԼòҪǹŷ̫ǿˣĻ᲻һƴ߹ŷԼ
С椣ȱһ˲赹ˮѾͷҵѾͷɣİɣű̫ӳĺģ֤Сӹñ¥ŷ۾ܣȴͣ
ˮһԼһ¥ʥŮȻҪԼѾͷҲû
һߵɵۣȻŷ֮У˳ݡ
֪ǰ̫ȣԼǰţֱ̫Цˡǰţ¥ʥŮѾߣǵһͷˡҿǰ龰ˡ
̫ˡһߵĽԳ˵
鴤һ£Գû˵Ҫ֪鶼ź˹ŷһø磬֪ʲô顣
ʱ򣬹ŷ翴һۣ˰֣˵Ұ㴦֮е⡣
һ㶣ϲ


2173 ɻ
ʶŷʵţԷҲκԼİա
ĵӣҪ֪ҽּңһĶ֣붼ҽɣǰ̫ӵʵǿľˣκڵ⣬Ȼ⡣
ʵҲеһŷֻһģʮϢ㱻˳ȥȻֱ顣
Хϱ˵ϢͷųԼ۷ƣúܶ𾪡
һžɷ
ޣӡô꣬ڰˣ˳ͷ֮ա
һжĴɵģں޲̤ƽĴ塣
ȻҲףֻһ뷨ˣҪĻһһⶼС
ʱ򣬳嶯ޱȣΪԼһ˵ͿսĴ壬뷨Ц
йصԼղŵλá
ŷ翴һۣûж˵Ѿǻһεˡ
ƲôûŷͻȻʵ
˻һڳ嶼һǱģһĵǾ¥ˡ
ŷָһķˣĵ˵СȥҴһ£ҪٲϵĻүҾ
Ǹǿֱ£ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ݺε󣬾ȻСܴ衣
һĿ⣬ϣ˲ƽһˮ˵ͷȻ뿪ڹŷ磬ҲһۣĻ˲ұ֤Լ᲻͹ŷƴ
ͽԳŷ񣬶¥֮оģΨйŷһˡ
ãƲϷ磬ʢޱȣǵһ˵ʱֱվࡣ
ηﵨΣž̲סɫ
ϵĶΪôܳԣһ¶ŭڱУǼʵķˣǶ˵ȴ˵Ѫ⡣
ˡˮɫ֪ãһΣⲻǵ
ˣҲԡŷɫ΢΢һλӣ֮еˣȻܳΡ
һָǵֱʧޡ
ɫȻѿվûзеǷǳԼ¥֮䣬޷ᲢۣܹԶΪǰ̫ӵԭǷĻԺٵ¥׷ɱﲻˡ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣĲԣɫÿˮϽ֣ǽγȥ
˼˲֪λļɻ䡣˵ˮЩֵĿ˹ŷһۣ˵壬ζ˵Ǽɻ䡣̫Ȼ壬Ӧö˵һʲŶԡ
֮Ѫŷ絭˵ͬʱͷųһϢ
ʵϣⲢϢ󽫺ŮǷô꣬һҲ֪ٴˣŷմȾǵϢ⡣
ʱ˻Ȼ֪ŷΪʲôҲֱ֣˼֮УҲѪ
ֻнԳɫŹ֣֪ŷݣȻ֪ӣˣȻ塣
γ˳ԵĲֺǼȴûз֣Ǽ޵е¶Цһ˵ı顣
þƺòˣûкĳ˵ھƲôණѵΪҲ֪㷹֮󣬹ŷͻȻ˵
˻һˮһŷ糣ɫʱһ֪ˡ
ĻõֶΣѾŷ翴һˡȻĻǲһ쳣ûС
ĵӡˮ𾪵˵
ŹŷĻˣΪǰĵӵĻôܽ⿪ǵĶأѾжˡ
ԣڹŷݣһ㶼ˡ
ٰŷ絭˵һֱ׳ӣû˵ԼŮȻҲǵӣûк˵
ֻһֱŷû˵ԼֶѣҪҲûʡ
Բˣ̫ԭ¡ˮϽ˵
ĿˮһۣŷЦ֪¥ʵҲǳҪǣҲں֮䣬ܹɱҵ˲ˡ
ˮҧԼĴû˵֪ǰ̫˵顣
ʹ¥֮еǿ֣߳ҲδܹɱǿĿµ̫ӡ
ԲĻǱǿߣԲǰ̫Ӷ֡ǡ֮ǰȷʵЩðʧǱΪһ㣬ҪɱңҲŶ֣׷ףʵǵĲԡŷ˵
ŷĻˮҧû˵
ǿɫȻǲͬŷĻ
ȴҷŷʵԶԶ֮ϣǳ֣һݵ㣬Բ⡣


2174 ͽ
ʲô˼һ¥ǿ̲סŷʵ
ŷ翴һۣӴֹȥǸ¥ĸ޵һһ˺öಽ
оȴʲô˵
Һ˵ûǱ͡ŷ絭˵
ԷŭǲҷȻҲһ֮ŮΪ˸޵Уվˡ
˵ˣŷ¶Цݣˮ˵ʵˣǳİúƽ
˶ɫŹ֣һ¥ˣвҪ˼ңˣȻ˵Լúƽ
ǾãҪǾԼˣȻĻǹŷˡ˵Ϲء
㵽Ҫ˵ʲôˮ̲סʵ
ЩԽŪ׹ŷʲô˼оӵĲһǿߣ˭Ҳ֪Ҫʲô
ŷЦˣЩ˼ȻЦ˵Ǹ֮ͽôһڴˮ
ͽ⣿
˶Լˣ˭Ҳû뵽ӿʼһֱǿƵڵ̫ӣʱȻҪԼͽ⡣
ǶһֺܹŹֵĸоǴ˼һƣȻ߱ˣǺͺðɡ
¥ǿҧһֱĸоǾ̫̫ˣҲܹᵽز
˵ķӦŷ粻⣬ֻǶˮ۾֮дһĨЦ⡣
ˮ˹ŷһۣʶ˵ʲô¶һĨЦݣȻ˵һж̫ӵ⣬Ȼ̫Ҫͽ⣬¥Ҳ̫ǿһˣǺͽ⣬͵ûз
ˮܹϣ¥˶̲סԾҪ˵Щʲôȴˮһۣʱ͡
¥֮УʥŮӵкܴȨʹ޵־ǿߣ޷ʥŮ
ʥŮˣҲǿߡ
̫ˣԺ¥ǵ鷳ɣŷһ⣬Цʵ
Щӣ˿Цáˮ֪˵Щʲô
ǰǰ˫ȴһӣһԸһ˲仯ô󡣲ˮȻᱻŷڵıƭˣܿ϶Լǲ̫ӵ˵ȥ֤һ̻
ģˮĻ˵ԲԻ١ˮ˵
ᶨŷĶЩ⡣ΪԷαĴӦԼһ£û뵽ˮȻ˼ᶨ
Ϊʲôŷ綼̲סһ䡣
ΪʵҲ¥һǿߣ飬͵ûз˭Ҳ׼ȥǶκˣΥĻ¥ˮɨЩˣ˵
˻һܶ¥ĳԱֱӱɫǸϽͷһ㶼ҳɡ
¥Ȼûô򵥣Ҫ޴Ĵ۵ģģҪջһΪ
ԣ¥֮Уصĳͷ
ˣáŷؿˮһۣ¶һĨЦݡ
վŷȥԳ˺ֱߵǰŷŻͷʲô˵˸ߣղֻǺǿЦģû½ƣԾǳȥҲûκ顣
ŷĻ¥֮˵۾дŷ硣һһ仰Ȼסôˣû˸ȥʵһ£ҲǷǳ顣ϾŷֳʵʵǿףһнƵĻȥһ
û˻ôΰԼΪ̽·
ֱŷʧ¥֮еǿߣų׷Ӧʹ޵оǿߣоϱ亹ʪˡ
ǺȻĶһۣʶǸ̫ӵĿֲεϣڲ֪֮УӰ쵽ˡ
ʥŮѵĲ׷һǿǰˮʵ
Ҫ¥ٵͿϱ˲򵥣еҪǿԸ棬ҲԸ̫ӡˮ˵תһ˿˼
ԹŷݣɣǿƵԸǿʵ˵֮ǰһֱĬĬʵе̫ˡ
ʲô̲ס
棬ǵоһµĴڣǵ¥ˣǴʱˮȴ˵Ļѵ˵̫ӣȻǵ¥Ҫǿ󲻳ɣ
סҵĻ鲻׼ȥˮٴζһ䡣
Ǹ̫Ӵȥأ̲סʵ
һۣˮҡͷ˵ԼĽֻҪǲ˵Զ˵ȥ
¥ĳԱһǶΪʲôʥŮȻšǸ̫ӲὫϢ˵ȥ
Ҫ֪¥һݵ㣬


2175 ŷ
ǿʥŮɫ˭Ҳ˵ʲôȻʥŮ˵ˣǾžͿԡ
㵽һʲôˣˮŹŷ뿪ķüͷ塣
˾㷹ǳ֮һȦȻˡ²ãغХŷһɽ֮ϡ
Щ˵֮е⣬Ѿˣʲô
Źŷ磬Ȼ˾ȵ֮Уֱӹ
ڣɫ֣ء
Գ˵ɴ۾ǿʵԼ֮ϵĴڣֳܴķ꣬û뵽ȻҲҪϹŷΪ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
̧ͷŹŷ磬֮дſȣΪ˺ǿҼǿˣһǿߣԸ׷ǿߡ
Ŷŷ粻ÿɷ
ŷɫ˵˵ǰ壬֮ѪˣҲǶ
Ŷ
һĵĻش
ЩɵˣԼ׷棬˵ˣĴļ¶Ҫ˰죬ǹŷȴһÿɷӣЩˡ
ҪҪɡŷ絭˵
ǰɣǳȻܺȴĵط֣ܹԸֻΪԭԼΪҲͲ֡
ԳվһߣɫŹ֣ҪԼˣֱǸЦҪ֪˿Ǹ飬ƵĺһøĴڣٴǺͺȣȴҲ˵ԼͱȶԷʵͲ纫顣
ԼƲ˹ŷ磬ЦһȻ˵Ҫԭֻش֮л첻ȥˣҪԵõӻ
ԭǰǳԼ˵ôߴϣŷкܱװƵΪ
ҪҲԣҪһ⣬˲Żشҡŷ˵
ŷĻһڿˮ֪⣬Լȥ·Ҳ֣
ˣ˵˵
ֻشĵˣ㽫ôŷ綢۾ʵ
⣬һ£Ȼû뵽һ㡣
ֻǣǰ̫ӣȻĵӣֻشˣҲӦòںֻشΪа
벻ͨһ㣬ȴ֪⣬Լش
һ£żᶨ˵һʿ֣ҲȥǶԿĴʿ֣ҿΪһսұϾǳ磬Ȼ顣
˵ĺ棬ϴһĨʧ䡣ִ𰸣ӦòһӦҪİɣѡ
Ȼѡǰ̫ӣԼԭ˵ѣǲмģ˵һԼﻰ˵
ЩĶŹŷ磬û˵һ̾Լûϣˡ
˹֣תҪ뿪
ã͸ҰɡŷͻȻʱһЩŵתŹŷ磬ȻͬԼĻ
ҪһѪˣһֻ֪äĿҵūͣԳȻˣȴǽֵܣԺ͸Ұɣڵһ죬ĴͲܹôŷ絭˵
Ļش𣬵Щ⡣
ŷΪôĥѣ϶ֻش֮е֮ǣԥĵͷֱӸԼΪԼɱֻشĳԱ
ǺȻԷĻشЩ⣬Ǿϲ
ͬŷԼ˵һҪѪֵܣһԼԱѵСˡ
ĻشǹŷҪĴ𰸡
ģϲ˵û뵽ԼĻش𣬾ȻҲܹŷ翴ء
˵ͷŷЦ˵ȻģˣһҪҵݣʵҲʲô̫ӣҲĵӡ
ŷĻɴ۾Щš
ǿߣðˣе㲻ܰɡϾǿǶǿǵĽðˣǿ϶ǲԸġ
ǣ̲סʵ
Լ˭֪Ҳ̫ЦˡȲҪ֪ǰ̫ӵݡϣʲôʮˣа뵽
ҪִħͷᡣȻһöҲֻƢһѣһĴ壬һɢޣǷǳƣҲ˱һЩɢ޵ϣ;ǡ
˶ƺΪۣŷ硣
˲䣬ɴ۾


2176 ħ
ΪԼˣ۵ͷȻҲ۵սǴ
һǿ˲ˣ˭Ҳ벻Ȼֻش벻̫ӵ꣬ȻǾۡ
ֲĵӣȴ֣ϾŮͲʲô
⣿ɫŷЦʵ
ͷһڻûд֮ѹ
ٸһλᣬǻԸΪĻǲԸĻ߰ɣҵݣȥҲ⣬ֻش֮лûܹҵˡŷЦ˵Ƿǳƽй¶ˣЩӰ죬ǲԹŷʵĵĻֻشҲԼңֻش֮С
ȻԸ⣬֮еĺۣǿߣܹ׷㣬ҡϵ˵ʱȻȸղŻһ˿ȡ
ŷȻЩˡ
Բ֪֮еǿǷǳܶ޵У㵱żˡԳ˽͵
ŷ羪ȣԼ°ͣЩ˵ôţ𣿡
ţơһͷ
˭˵ľ۲ţĻ»ᱻ˱
ǻܻļǴаɱǿߣǻɱ֮еһļǿߣһ˵סһĹսһˡⶼǾ춯صĴ飬еһȻǸ޵Уҫˣοô
ڹŷ֣֮УֻҪΪﵽһˣ˲֪˲
ڸ޵жŷ統żˣȻûôţҲࡣ
ôڸǲסľ绪ŷ̾
ͽԳһǸߴ˲
ôһ̸֮ǵ˲ٸңȻƺŷΪˣȴһݾֵһദ
˵ûУ˵ֻƬˡ·һ½ۡ
һǣǳ֮УȫľԵߣҲбԵߣǲ࣬ľߵá
ŷǸ̸ۣʱ̲סһ
ֻƬǹŷһҪõĶû뵽ﾹȻֻƬϢ
ֱӽ䣬ʼ
һᣬõһϢֻƬǳˣȴڻ֮УһƬħ֮С
ʲôطԳΪħʣɫ˲һʱ򣬹ŷ֪Ǹħ϶һ˲ĵط
һܿµĵط˵֮Ĵ忪ٳרŹѺħʿĶԷΪŷ͡
룬˵˳Ҳһ㱻ħ磬ҺӵĿ죬ħһϢϢһ㽫ʱش
뵽̲סһ
飬ʵ̫ˣһڵ壬̲סҪء
ôŷ̲סԾ
һϢһشһ޵֮еǿߣǸħԵĲ
ֹˣкܶ඼޷ɱĸǶĴĵˣӽУ涼Ϊǿˣһ𣬶Խ˷ƣǿ̫ˡ̲ס˵
ŷüͷЩˣȻǼΪĸ֣ʹħˣҲӦſµʵŶԣô˽Уѵ岻
ǿ˹ŷɻ̲ס˵˵ǸطһѹģԽ챦ĴڣĴΪǿǿ֣߳Բγһȥ˾ͱ
˵޷ҵֻƬˣŷЩơ
ֻƬеĻôǿ󣬼ʹҵֻƬҲδл
ĻһֻƬò뵽ŷЩż
λ̨֪ǸطȻǿ󣬵ȴѾסˣħҪͻˣӦеļ֣Ҫˡһʿ˵ɫ̲֮סǡ
ֻƬôֵأŷ̲סʵ
Ⱥ׳ħʱ˿ֻƬҲֹһˣħ֮УΪħҪµľˡǸʿ˵Ϊߣ߾磬Ҳֻܹͨ
ʱһǣȻǵЩħеĴ׳
㲻õģЩ׳϶Ĵ鷳ҵȵһ㶼õĵġһ쾳Ц˵һ㵣ǵɫûС
ʦ𣬾Ĵ飬ҲϾһӦñɱ¾Ǹʿһ˵ɫ


2177 
ĻܶЩŹֵĶǸСʿǼֱ޷󣬶ѾɻˣôܹƵеˡ
ŷҲǺʿĳͷļһһһֱ˵ϡ
Ǹ磬ŷ絹ǲ⽫ʿܸǸͷļһ̵Сʿʵ϶õܴ
ʦȻҲ쾳ĸ֣ǺĲȣͲ̫ԶˡĲɲ⣬ڵʵѾʶ޵С
ٸʱ䣬ܹߵһ˭Ҳ˵
СѵһĳĴ壬Ϊ֮⣬ɢһôЩе˻ҵϣЩħ֮еǰܹȻĴ塣һ׳ģʿЦζĴ
ﶼɢޣǲ˭ȥ״
ɢ޵УĴ嶼쳣ġЩĴԽԽǿѾȵǼûĿռ䡣
Ĵ嵱˸͵
ϧҵûЩҲûʲôǿ֣һ֮ǰ̫ߵˣĴע⣬Ҳɱˣܹһ£Ϊһĸ߶ȣǿԴҵȣĴ壬һƬƳһʿ̾˵
ʿΪܸߣ쾳۷壬Ҽ޵еľ硣
־ǿߣĴ˾ԻУȻǽԳһǿǼĴ塣ǲͬ⣬Ĵ׷ɱ
ԺܶɢޣȻѹƾ磬Ըͻƽ޵еľ硣
쾳۷ҲˣԹŷȻԿóѾ޵еľ磬ѹ˻ȥ
Ļɫ΢΢һ죬Ҳ䵽һһ£̲ס¶һĨЦ
ʵûбɱɳҲĴĶ֣Ĵ̫ǿˣһܹġ̲ס˵һ䡣
һۣʵԼ͸Ǹ쾳۷ʿɫ֮¶һĨأһ֣ʵǰ䣿
ҲĴ˾ˣһЦû˵Լ֡
Щ̸Լעˡ
ڴʱһֱӽݡ
Цת˹ŷһۣ̲ס˵ˣôҵ˵ˣ
ʱΧʿȫˡŵĶٿŹŷ磬һŵӡ
ݣŷˡЩʵ벻ϣ˭ܹˡ
ʿлɣǲǼðġϾ˵Ǹʧ˲֪µǿߣԼǰʵе̫ɺˡ
Ǹ쾳۷壬ŷĻ֮Ŀ㼯ϣ۾ֱģһëȻĸо
СӣҪңƤˡĵǸ쾳۷һۣɫˬ
Է·ûĻż˵ˣˡ
˼ֱҪ˷ܵķһֱϿݡ
ˣĿɿڴȻĿȣȫϡ
ʶ쾳۷ǿߣ֪ǿ϶ݵĻǾǰ˾Ųʮġ
˶̲סˣ߼
찡ˣȻš
޵УѾ̤磬Ӧøǿ˰ɡ
ǰǣһ𿹺Ĵ𣿡

Щʿһһ䣬Ե÷ǳʲô˵Ŀ˹ŷһۣȴֹŷ羹ȻĿķ
뵽Լݣǹŷ籩¶ģһ⣬˰֣ʿƽŹŷ磬˵ҾڵѾǰǸˣʲôҲŻȥʲô飬һŲܡ
ৡ
˲Ŀⶼ˹ŷϣЩʿһŹ֣Źŷ磬¶ɵɫʵ󣬵һʲôӵˣȻܹ׷棬Ϊˡ
ˣ˵Цɣûǿءһ̲ס˵
Ļ˲˵ͬһվҪ͹ŷһսǹŷսܵĻָ
ŷ鴤ʵЩ
Ҫ˵λʵ֮ϡһ߹˵Ǹ쾳۷塣
ôܣʿţڹŷϣûиܵʲôǿ


2178 ݲ
ŷ絭һЦЩĿǸ쾳۷ǿһۣһȻܹԼܵԼʵ
ļ쾳۷ʿ˹Ȼ
壬ֵʱһ¡
һۣȻ̾Ϣսʲôϵ
ҵĸס˵
ŷЩ֣Գȴ߹ŷ磬ս׷ߡֻǺӡսҲɱˡ
սҶԲϵļĳ鴤һ£޵Ļ档
׷߲٣ǵڣһʣˣȫɱս׷֮кõһĳԱ֮һ˿Ѫһֱֵܡ
սսʱʹҹ˺ܳʱ䣬ǵڹ
ڼսĺˣãȻЩ˸С
Ҹ֮ǰ˵ֻش֮ߣΪսúֵãֻǿϧ޷׷ˡ˵ĵ֮Ҳűˡ
ϾΪʿ֮ӦûԶһġֻǣԼĸȴɱȴһ취ûС
ô꣬ڼһǵβ
һᱨȭͷ˵
ȻţڵѪȴδϨȻŷӻȴһֱһ뷨Ҫ𣬳״Ĵ塣
Ը׷ˣ¾ս죬Ĵ塣ļ˵
Ļܶ˶ݣɫһȻҲҪڡ
ҲһѪڵĸоûг嶯ȥô꣬Ѿ˽ĴʵȻô棬ΪԼ˵ܹƷĴ壬뷨ǷǳɺͿЦġ
Ĵ壬ǿƣܹˣ֪ж٣Ĵ壬Բȱٵ̣ǵĵжôû֪
̾һ˵һĴ壿ƾЩ𣿻һǿɱء
ɢ޶ǶԿ˵ŭĿӡ
һԼˣ˵ʵѣЩ˾ȻŭԼˣֱ̫ˡ
һߣס˺ܶˡ˶ܵĲǶʱһӣ˵˿ˡ
ܹˣôͨˡ
Ҽҵ飬ǸŮ˵ʵǿ󣬲˵ʵС磬ҲδǺĶ֡ŷ絭˵
˻һ˶̲סһ
飬Ȼ֪һֻشҲܹǰʮĴڣں֮Уǰ
˻ԣҲǺҵĵһ֡ǲô˵ּĴڣĴ֮УٻоŸ
һ飬Ƕ֣οʮ뵽ǵѪʱϨ˵Ķˡ
Ĵ壬ûеô򵥣ʵȻûдﵽǸ硣
Ϊֻش򲻳һĻĴʲô̾Ϣ
ǰ˵ۣһǧʱ䣬Ѿ𣬳Ϊ֮еĶǿ֮һɨ޶ֻ֣ش֮гһţǾͽˡ
ۣ˸ѾΪǿĴˣ˶Ȼܹ߳
Щʿ̾һĿϧ
ǵĻ۾һŷ硣ʱԼʵУǻйŷأʵǴЩɢޣһƬǬԲһ¡
ĸоĿ⣬һˣʱһЩ顣ǰˣܹΪˣһܹʵȻǷˣпʵں֮ϡ
һ˴ңͷҲܹɹҲ˵Դɢ޿Ĵ塣
λˣȾֻشɢޡͻȻ£ŷ˵
ڵϣݺݵĿͷһӡ
ΧҲӦǰˣһϸ𣿾ǲ֪ʵ֮ôǿԿ϶ʵӦòȺһִ֮£ǾаմһƬس
ŷû뵽ľȻһ֣΢΢ҡͷ˵Ҳǣҵݲ֮еʿֻܲش飬ĻԸҵ˾ͲĴˣֻش
ŷĻǶʱֲһ֣Ǵδ˵Ȼǿߡ
̾Ϣֻܹվ


2179 Լȡ
ҪֻǿηûõģֻǿܹЩѹǵˡŷɨЩɢһۣ˵
̸ףĴ壬ٹ̣жǿߣ˭ܹ֪޵ж֪жЩɢޣͲǶ֡ĸ̾
ЩʿҲͷһľĴ̫ǿ󣬸ͺˣ޷Ȼ
ʿûһģҲģϾĴ壬ȷʵ̫ǿˣѹͷô꣬ʮĻǲء
ŷ絭һЦûʲôӵ뷨˵Ƕ˵ۣ֮ĸ֣޵УǺ磬ڵĴӼѣۣҲֻǴһСʿ߹ģ˲֪ѪսһһߵڵλãĪΪΪǴϵġ
ڳʿĬȻȻףһ·Ĳ֪Ѫǣɱʵյ۷壬
ȴδҲСһȱǵĴ⡣
ʹڣҲȣлһӣкڴս
֮£ҸˣȻͬܵѹȣǺȣͻһȫȣĲʲô
Ĵ໥ǣƣȻͣС˭Ҳдǿɢ޽ǵɢ׳Ȼ֮ƽ⣬ڵĴƷǳΣգǲûлᣬֻҪŬ㹻԰Ĵ壬ΪɢǣһƬɵأⲻҪгԽĴֻҪӵһЩ֣ĴɵˡŷΪǷ
Щ˱ѹȵʱ̫ˣֱ˷ģڹŷ翴ʳ׿һǿߣǴʱȴѹԼΪͻơ̬ôʶ۷塣
ûһηģʿǺߵߵġ
ҪԼΪԼһƬ졣һʿ󺰵ͨ졣
˶ȥʱɫŹ֣ǸղǸȱСһһɫ죬һ޲ȥһ̵ӣ˺Цѡ
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ڳʿмס˹ŷĻĸֱǣϣҪȥͻˡ
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ŷۣһɻӣʲô𣿡һԺӣ˺գе㻳ɸղŵĻǲǴĿ˵ġ
ͽԳаһЦԼˣʵ̫ˣ˾ùŷԺĻǸ˾ı
ˣһطȾȥ¥𣿡ŷЦ˵ͻȻһ䡣
ŷĻ˺գŷ¥֮гˬˣȻҪȥ¥鷳
ǰһ¥лõİٻ𣬾Եϵƣ˿ȥһ¡Ͻ˵
¹ŷֱȥ¥һŭ¥Է׷ɱǾ鷳ˡ
һǾ¥Ķŷһ档
ͽԳͷ󺹣ʵǲ֪λشŷˡ
һܵӣŷ̲סҡͷ˵̫Сˣ¥ȥԶ˭ܹңľƲеˣȥȰٻɡ
ŷ˵һ
ǰ·Źŷȥһ޵УȻûпɢԼϢҲûпˡ
ŷȻ˵Ȼûд٣ȻĻҲС
Ͼйŷһˣ֮ﲻȥҲÿݣǲ֪ŷ۵ݣԹŷֳʵ̫ͷҲ㹻Ĵ岻Ҷֵˡ
ĵӣͷʵҲ㹻˵ġ
ǰУǸ¥˲Ǻܶ࣬Ϊȴǳ͵Ҳۼս쾳ǲǶǳ֣һǿߵİ
𿴸޵ڹŷвʲôҺ񻹲ٵӣʵϣǿһĴ˵̫ˣķֲһǳضδܹһ
ܶǳصǿߣ쾳۷壬пһ쾳Ĵڡ
ʵϣһ쾳ǿˡۼսҲһ֣һӹɡ
ǽ¥ʱٵע⡣ûһͣŷ̧ȥ
վס
˵סǵȥ·һ˵˵
ɫսףܲȻ쾳۷Ĵڡ


2180 ūĿ
лһֱ˵
һʿ𺳣͹ŷǣв²˵ʲôˣȻ˶Դʿ
ʿݺܲǷҵˣǵӣӲǷһϵˣǣ͡
¥¥Ѿˣ׼κȥ
Ȼϵóʿݣ˵˵Ĳһ֮͵͵Ŀ˹ŷһۣŷûзԣʱһ֪ŷĬԼΪˡ
˹ŷĬӵ޿ˡԹŷʵʹĴ巢ͻҲܹס
ͻȻһ򣬹ֲЩūȻ˱ӣȻô֣˵ĸоǺˬء
͵֣ϵɫȴӵűˡ
󵨣ͣϽ뿪׼ɱ⡣ʿҲһû뵽ȻжӣԼ˵
ţǴʱȴ뾪¥ϵˣԱûѡ֣ùŷ뿪
ҼҪ¥òͣÿҪҲЦȻֱһһʿ˹ȥ
Ϊһʿȫ̲סһʲôͷôôǿƣӦòɵӣôܿǷҵء
Ǹʿһ죬ϱʵҲܶ࣬ԸûзӦ㱻һƳ˳ȥ
ݺݵײһߵǽϣɫս׶ˣڵϣһʱվ
һʿŭͬʱ𾪣֪ǿߣһ޵УȻǸ޵УֻҪĴˣǳҲҪ
һѽɫĳֱ䣬ֱȡ
ʹΪһΣҵĽʿȴǳĺ£һ㶼ɵֱӳ֣Ҫɱ
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ָ̾Էɳȥѣ̨֮ϡ
ŷʱ򣬲̧ȥһʳͿһĻȫ̲ס𾪣֪ҪˣȻ˸Ĵ鷳
Ĵ֮УһǿƵĴڡĴ֮˵һɢޣǸǷҵˣӭǸɢ޵ģǿ籩һĹ
ǸʿŷѵĻӶеĽɫָŹŷ磬Ȼһ
ŷδκζԳȴˣһͬǵһָǸʿѹѪܣһߵ̨֮ϣһܶ
Գһ֣㾪ס˲ˡһʿǵɫӵ𾪣⵽ʲôӵĴڣ߾Ȼ޵С
һֱߵ㣬ŷոճ֣һ£ն
ŷ絭һЦֱ߹ȥǵ⣬ȴδκ˺һǵʧ
ֵ¶ɫһû뵽ȻʧˡԷɫһʵ̫ˡ
󵨣ҵ˶֡ųֵˣ˵
һߣһɫĳۣϢһĻ֮һۿ˹ͻȻɫ΢΢һ䣬㻹û
е㲻ţֱΪԼˡʮǿ֮Уһ˾ʩչ˷ӡӡʵֱӷӡҪ֮С
ȴû뵽˳¹ȥˣȻٴμԷδȥһһˡΪѾָˡ
û뵽Ҳţ̫ˡҧгݣĲһȥˣԼеĵƣڼѵĻţһ˵ӣϣһ뵱飬¡
ǰеһʼٸߡ
۾֮һɱ⣬Ķŷ֡
ߡ
ڴʱһߴǿ֣߳ģΰ۾֮дһǿţ
ܼ˫ۡɫһȻ˵
þòˣͷ֮ĶԹǲܣС¥òͣ㲻Ҫŵܼ˫۶û̫ĵ⣬ǵ˼ֻǲŵǼСѡ
ˣҳֵ֮УҲܼҵˡЦ
ѾˣܼҵˣɱɢޣһӦܼ˫ۿڣĽ͡
ŷЩ⣬˵Ĵȫһ֮ѣھȻܼһࡣɱɢޣôܡ
ܼȷʵû飬ܼҷħɱɢ޵ħħ֮еˣ󲿷ѾûܼҵѪˣֻеĳԱܼѪԳ˴֪ŷ϶˽һС


2181 
ŷЩ⣬û뵽һ֮УȻķַ˵ͷδֻǰһĻȻҡҡͷ̧¥߹ȥ
վס㲻׼ȥܼ˫סŷ磬ɫơ
ۣΰۣ˸סҵˣֺһս˵˹ŷǰ档
ûбҪǲùŷֵġ
ܼ˫𺳣ЩţȻһˣǼֱΪԼˡ
ˣⲻܰɣ̲ס𾪵˵
СεºܣܹΰҲüŹŷ磬һĻɡ
ܹŷᣬһɳԲᳬһ꣬˶˵ֻһС
ܶһʿп綼δءǺǿϹŷ磬ֱӻˡ
׼񡣡ǳ⣬ŭ
ҵˣҪһսݡԳ߹˵
˻һܼ˫ۻһȻóһ޵С޵еޣʵȻ̫ǾȻһСΪȻе㲻ͬѰ
˸˵Щʲôһ𣬷Цλ֣Щ˼Ȼһƣ֣ɱΡ
ûнŷУǰʵ̫ˣȻûиܵŷΪǷȴΪΪŷľ̫ߣΪСЩܹסΪ˿͸ղܹԼĹҲΪǸԭ
ϾʹǼ֮еЩҲԼĽ
ҪɱңŲԸɵ㡣תɭȻ˵
Цмһ𣬶˵㣬ڲ֮ˣҵҪ֪ڵ㵽ûʲô
㹻ţʹƳ˷ӡҲҪٵĴۡڲ߳˵ЩŸոƳӡġķô£һֱȻĲǺܴ󣬵ǳԽʱȴʲô⡣
ȻҲһ㣬Цһ˽Գһۣ˵һ֣ɱһ
Ļ̲סЦ˳Щ̵ĿһۣЦĪһ㶼ûнλַУǰ𣿡
Цһмӣ㹻ĵΪܼǣֻҪǸҶֵĻܼ˫ۼʹԸ⣬Ҳֻг֡Ǳʤ
ڹŷ磬ˡ
Ǿ֣ܳ˲ȥŷ翴ܼ˫һۣƽ˵
ͽԳһϲǶʱףܼ˫ǳֵĻ˿϶ѹƣĻǸͲõģֱӻɱ˷С
лˡͽԳһ˵
ƽһɱ⡣
һĻܼ˫۶һۣ֪ԼˡڹŷĻǲǺ⣬һѣҲЩֶΣǿԲǿʲôز
Ҫֵʱ򣬹ŷһӴƣֱӽˡ
ǵصϢ˿µϣ棬ѹ˶ʱɴ۾ǺȻŹŷ磬֪ԼˡֲǸǿ߻СΪһСһϸ֣ƣѹƵǴ޷֡
Ĳ˻ְԼûߵĴ㡣
ԼۣЩɻ󣬲֪ʲô˼֪ʱ۱ŷϢѹƣ޷ݳȥգѾܹˡֻϣܹԼ˼һʱߡĻʹ޵е֣ҲǰֲǿߵĶ֡
Ȼ۽̫ˣֻһЦ˵ַģ̽һ˵ʵһֳսʱ򡣡
ãգۣҪսˣۺаһһͷһôġ
ûгĻôڻգۣѵûпѾסˣ춼ûжһ¡
ͽԳǶһۣȥеļɵһɱ˹ȥ
ʼǺŵģǽ˼֮ףԼһȻǵס޵еġ뵽ȡ
֣æҵסˡ˵
գգ۾û˵
֣㲻ҪˣҲգʲô˼ЩǱ˵
Ȼգۣգ֮⣬ûˡ


2182 ָ
һƿڴĳ嶯һѵҪԼҪΪֵڣԼҲǿơ
ڵǺˣΧȴգֱۣҪˡ
ڲҵۣײԼʱѾƿڴˡ
һżӣЦ㲻ܳˣҼǻгֵĻᣬǲء
㾹ȻСˣֱЦ֪ԼΪǶô޴𣿡ԳҲЦ
ʲôɫʶһ⣬۲ǲ붯ǱϢѹˣֻһƤܶ
ԼգۣӦҪԼԼȴΪգۣڿǶԷ˼̫ˡ
뵽֪ˣԼһΣաͽԳˣΧɱֶһɲˣǶ֡
ʶЩ⣬Ĳ֪ãֵĽ඼Щˡ
ץסᣬԳ˺ֱӱ׽ѹƣʱһᶼûˡ
һֱľ
û뵽ԼȻҪ޵еѹƣûκλᡣ
ͽԳ֣ۿҪɱˡ
ס֡ڴʱһϵ𣬷϶ʱ¶һĨϲɫ
һŮ¥߳Ƿ˳лŮòʱȴޱ飬һһһ˫ڹŷϣ΢΢Щ档
ȻһҳֵˣǷǳġ
ͽԳԷĻᣬǼ֣һɱԲݵӡ
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ǸɫһѾڣ˾ȻҼûнУԽŷ磬Ҫ֣
ֻעһּڹŷϣЩɵ
㲻׼֡ŷͻȻڣĿͶϡأȴǲ۲۵ʱһ
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ŷ۾֮У𺳣Ϣѹסг˾η
ȴЦûŷĻе߹ȥ
Сһﻹͦ󡣡ŷҡͷһЦȻᵯָ
һ羪죬˳ȥϣҽһֱӺɳȥײƾ¥ǽʧ˵֮С
˶ԿʺѪ䣬ԵôĿġȻѾ²⣬ǵŷ֮ǻ̲סһǰȻ˹ֲ
ָһ㽫Ǹɳȥʵֻشܹ֮ģʮˡ
֪Լһ߲ˡԷ̫ǿˣүɳȥܵסˡ
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ҵһ޵ˣȻǵϵǷҵѪһ˱ɱǵϵһүشҿ϶ŭǲܼɱ˿˵ǲҪɵģʱȷҵǿǰǱǣĻֻ·һ
ǸŮת΢΢üͷȻ̾ϢһȻһǳӡ
鷳ˡۿЦ
ԷҵԸ񣬿϶ǨŭǣʱҪǵ飬϶ҪˡΰҲһѿ˹ŷһۣǲ𱸣ǰǿˣɲûȤ
ŭ˶Է˵һǶҲ˵ǵʵȻǰ⼸λĶ֡
ҲɡŮӿЦ
鶼Ҫ̸ˣȴ飬ãȻ
ŷɨһۣͻȻһǼǲˡ
ô֪۾ȵĻһ䣬סͣʶǰʲôˡ
ŮӺƽ˹ŷһۣȻĵ˵ͷȴû˵ʲô
ܼΪôŷûмѯǣʵ
ܺãȻĴˣȴѹɢޣܶɢû⵽ܼ֮йϵǰ˺ܶˡ˵
ᵽܼʹûʲôõĻһ͡
˵ŷˣ׼뿪ŮһۣļʲôˣҶ԰κá
˻һŮһ㶣ۺΰˣ¶ϲɫ


2183 ֻ˫
ȵŮӺ۷Ӧ֮ŷ֮вǼǾ衣
еǸˣһЩеˣû֪ʹڷңȴδ˵ȡǸ;
ڣһİȴֱ˵ǼˣǾ裬ŷ֮г˲ơ
Ҫңǵɫᣬԭֻش֮У»ûܹвĴɣֻһֿܣǼ֮ˣǼصƣܻҪŷ绺˵ţ˵ɫһʼľ𾪣֪ԼĽˡ
㵽ʲôˣƾʲô˵ܹκǼ˵ƣ̲סʵ
ȻԷһЩ飬һ˵ղŵĻǲһǾԲĵġ
ƾ̫ӣĵӣҽּңӦסŷЦ˵š
̫ӡ۾
Һ𣿡ŷЩˡ
ǵӣȻԼͷһ
鶼Ϸˣ˵ԼûŹֵ˵
۵Ļŷһ۾Щȵ˵ʱڳûбˣôܴȥ
ȻҲԱ˵ǵϷʵϸ˵ҲʲôֻöԷԼһøѡҹŷΧûˣԼ֮䷢飬ܴȥŶԡ
󣬹ŷɫͻȻ΢΢һһֿܣǾǺ⴫ȥģΪ˴ﵽĳĿġ
ǺԼ˵ģһų˵ԼĶ֣ܹ㣬޸ǸˡЩԾԾԵ˵
ŷ΢΢һۣͷһ뵽ǰɲ򵥣ղŹƾƣ㽫ԼֵѹˣҪǶֵĻԼԲĶֻ֣бŰķݡ
ϽԼеս⣬ʵվһߡ
ŮˣǺöĳŷҡͷһ̾
̫ǾúҪ赶ɱ𣿡ŮӿڣϴһĨЦݡ
ŷͷȻһ̾˵϶Ǳߵ׷Ū÷ˣȻһƣѵɱдˣŮ˸òɣϲˡ
ŷĻŮӺֵȫ̲סһ£û뵽ǰ̫ӵĽ赶ɱˣȻ͡ǵЩ׷ߣҪš
ɫŹ֣ʵЩ̫ǲҸо̫ˡ
ˣȲ˵Щǵ벻ˣĻҾˡŷЩͷ˰֣ԼˣҪˣЩ˾ȻһԸӣЩˬˡ
ֻǵĻ֪һɢ޺ڶɢǵͬ飬ŷҪһѵģǶԷĥĥĻҲóˡ
ˣҲûκιϵ
ŮӺܼ˫۶һۣԷе⶯̫ӣǿĵӣӦò˵ûаյĻŶԡ
ҲԷܹκǸơ
뵽Ůӵͷ˵̫ӳ֣Ҹס
ܼҴСһ¡
ԳҲǻһ¶𺳵ɫ
椺𣿡ŷЩȵʵ
椣ƺ˺ǵǲ⣬ϾԼˣ¥ʥŮܹѾʹʲôء
ܼܶصŮͺ鲢Ϊֻ˫ޣ֮ŮԳ˽ͣ⣬Ͼ̫ӣǴ֮еˣʶԼһ㶼ϡ档
ŷ´һƲƲ죬˵ֻشŮҲ̫ϡ˰ɣС椺С椶ܹ˫ޣ˺
Ļ˵ҲǺڱԼòʵǲ֪˵ЩʲôˣѵҪǰνļһͣԼúƯûôƤ
ˣ۹̫ˡͷ󺹣˼СǰأԼ˾˵ֱơ
ҺûзŭǺƽֻ˭ܹȭͷˣȻǿŵĻѾ˹ŷһȭ
ˣ߰ɣκǸʲô׵ƣһҪȥһħ硣ŷȴûı飬˵Ȼһۣ˼ԣ·
һǿ¶һĨЦݣȻɰͰ͵˵̫ӣ롣
֣ҧ˵ģ˵껰֮󣬸ǿŷһۡ
ŷ絹һν󣬺ƽ߳¥
ڿգҪ뿪
ڴʱ֮ϣ򻨾ۼһ󣬵סǵȥ·


2184 
ɫ΢䣬̲ס˵ǵĻǴ󣬲ãǷˡ
ڷңǷҵأһǴȻʲôҴǸԵ֪޵١
ʵϣ˱еĸࡣ
˲վ֮ϣһ˺ȻǸŷ絯ָɵķү
ˣǿ棬Ӱ˷һ˫ӱ˵⣬ڹŷǵϣɱ⡣
ãͷɱ˾Ȼˣ϶Ƿģ鷳ˡɫ
ףڲ̫鷳ҲСϾ̫Ӹղɱ˷ҵˣͺ̫һ𣬷ҵҪᶼС
ϼһǷҵɱȻֻǷһʵԱһЩϻҪǿ󣬷Ҳڲ֮䣬΢һ㡣üͷԷ˽ⲻ٣Щʱ˵ɫˡ
ǿߣǰϻǵĸ֣лǵĻǴԾɱκθ޵СܼȻǿǺȻǲΪԼˣͷһս
Ĵ壬Ȼһֱìܣ໥ӣ˭Ҳҷͻ
ҪһͣΪλ⼸ɱһ𡣡ĿⶢûʲôԵɫ쳣䡣
һ֮ˣŮˣǺȤҪĻеŮԸǵʿ۷塣
ûбİãˣΪ£Ҫҡıģǳѡ
˵ңǽŷƳȥҲ
ںܼѾìܣҪӶԷУ²ôˡٵ̫ӣԼ׵ƣǾ͸ӵûϣˡ
̬ȡɫһ䣬Ϊһ£ȴϣ̬ȣĬ˺֮йϵϵɱ⣬ˡ
ǸǣЩż̲ס˵ͽһ£֪֮ûйϵҪᣬǱϾҪء
һУҪ͡
ףͷչȥǳ鷳Լ֮飬Ҫˡ˵һ޷ܵ顣
ˣǣ֪ϲҷӵܣѵҪΪһŮ˶Э㲻׼˵Ŀ˷һۡ
ǻҪڣȴһߵķɱס˵Ҫˡ
ڷȻЩɵվǷǳη塣ɱȴһǷķӣԼҪһˣɵпܵġ
Էֱӱ죬ʲô˵ˣֻг˲ʣ֪ˣǲҲڵǺˣԼ飬пҪˡ
۸һŮĺ𣿡ŷϴűĵʵ
㵽ʲôˣֻش֮еˣǷҵ˼ûСĶŹŷ磬ɱһﲻˡԷŷȶԷӽ˵֮Ϲزм
ŷɫЦ˸ȻѹָɱҷҵĳԱҲ͵ΪֹˣǲܼҺǷȫ濪սĻվһߣǺûйϵ
Ҳأһҧ˾
ɱ㣬Цɱݺᣬܼ˫۴ŭԷǶôӣܼңȻĻԲ˵Ļ
ǸҪǳ⣬һҵҪ֪ʲô¿ܼ
ɫһ
δ뵽˾ȻҪɱˣͲôˡ
һ֣һ£磬Զ죬һĪϣһ˫绯ɣ˸һľ޷ֿµϡ
ŷЩ⣬򵥣ʵǿ󣬻ڷ֮ϣ䣬ҲǺܴ󣬿˵һ
ڹŷĸ޵֮Уʵǰéģں顣
Ҫɱãŷʡ
ɫһ࣬ȴ˵֪һĿ£ԼԲĶ֡
ҪŪܼҵˣһȺ֪ݵˣɱǷҵˣֻҪѣѾ˵ˣֻҪò飬ǲΪѣԼµġɱЦһ󵨵ˣȻʵȴһ㶼Ըʾ˵
ǷҵˣҲˣʲôüƽϵġķʡ


2185 ɱ
ŷЩȵĿһۣһºܸθڡ
ҵɫ࣬ǶݺݵĶȴû˳֣Ϊ֪ԼЩ˵ʵҪԸڳЩˣǷǳѵġ
ߣ˭Ҳסʵ̫ǿˡ
ǲܼҽԹֻɱǼָŹŷ˵
СҲû룬ֱӾܾ
ʱҪˣԼѾܸԷˣǶԷȻͬ⣬ŭ
㲻Ҫˣֻܼܼҵһħ˿ƺǣ㲻ҪΪԼ̫ǿĵˡ˵״
ŷƲ죬˽⣬Ը񣬺Լܹ࣬вĻǲءĻܹȴἤŭ
ȻŷϣɫֱŷЦ˾ϲǿĵˡ
˻һɫһ֪Ǻ˵ͨˣȴû뵽Ȼ޼ɵ
ͲǷΪУ˵ûнǷҷС
ϣ㲻ҪΪԼľڡһ׼֡
ѾزǲֵĻǷҵͶˣǷԲ顣
ԣ֡ȻɵǷãԼǵĻǴ󣬶ܹɡ
ҪǷҵĵطһս֮еǿߣܿͿԸ
Ҫ֣㵨ӲСЦȴ޾ɫϣȳ֡
Գ˺Ŀŷ磬ѯԼҪҪ֡
κμɵŷ絭˵
˶ʱˣͬɱ˹ȥ
޵еĳлһ΢΢ɫʱתǵĻǴչ˹
˼˲䣬㱻ʻûЩ䣬ۼǴʱȴģǱУȻ޵жҪش
ŷվеĹ˵סûܵκι
ܼ˫ԾԾԣȻҲ˳ȥ
ֻйŷվԭأδ˿
Ҫ֣ȴŷסˡ
ΪʲôңЩɻʵ
ս˵ģŮվںˡŷһ˵
ŷĻЩ̲סʵʲôΪʲôȥս̫ӵʵԲں飬Ǵʱȴɵվ
ұ㰡û˱㣬Ҳ޷ɱаɣŷĵ˵
Ҳܹҳһ޵Уʵǿ֮У˭Ҫô׵ģò˱
뿪ڣĻ㴫˹ãСһ㣬Ҫ϶Ҫ͵Ϯ㣬λֵܱɣܹоʵǳǿ󡣡
ܹҪ϶ȻϱǿߣɫΧߣ˵
ŷͳһӣֱӷ֮ϣȻй⻪һ׻Уһ߳ű׻һ߿֮ϵսһζӡ
ĿɿڴʲôϷ
Լŷóһӣʾ£Ȼ󽫱׻˹ȥЦ˵ܺóԵġ
ʶץһѣȻһͽԼССζڿըĺܺóԡ
㷴ӦЩЦãһ˫Źŷ磬û˵Ҹڴ㻹￴Ϸ㻹еĲ
ڱ㡣ŷһ˵
ᣬ˵Լò
ʱµϢֹ
һʱ֪ãڰеˣԼˡܹоԷʵǿÿһԼ֮ϣܼ˫ۣһ֣ǿֱӻɱԼġ
治ϧ񡣡ŷ̾Ϣ׻ֱ˦˳ȥ
𾪵֮У׻գѪ֮ҽУ֮еѪˡ
ǷҵǿߣλϣǾ׵ıǰ̫ӻˣ𾪵˼㡣
ǣ⻹ǽϳ֮ǵͻȻֵĴ屻׻˿ڣȻڡ
һɫϢ˿棬ʴǵѪ⡣

ˡ
֮䣬Ȼжܹ˺޵Уֲ֮ôͷɫǰ̫Ҳôǿơ
ϲҽУԪݳãմȾһɫʼʴǵԪ
ǾУãֱӱµĶˣ


2186 
ϵսֹͣˣ˶𾪵һĻɫ˼㣬ǿ޵Уɱġ
̫ӡɬѵ³ĸ֡
ɱȫɫ䣬ǿĸ֣Ƕ޾壬ǰˣ̫ˡ
ĵӣ֣ȻʵԲ֮¡
ҡŷ絭һЦ
ɫŹ֣˹ĿⶢŹŷ磬֪Щʲô
ǵһȻҲˣ˺ԶŹŷ磬һɵӡĶˣ֪ɷôǶԷ
ȻǸ޵УǷ֮еĵλǶģֻи߲㣬Ȼɵһ޵УǷҲֵۣ̫ӣҲһš
һֲܿһӣܹϷ飬ʵ˵Ҳܹµ
̫ӣҷ㲢޶Թ̲ס˵
һۣŷ絭˵ҵ׷ߣҪֱȻ֧֣ڶԷʲôˣⲻҪǵġ
仰̫ǿˣĿһСڳȴòϣǰ̫ӣȷʵʸ񣬲˵ǸµĴڣԼʵͶ֮䣬ɱ޵У㹻ˡ
ŷ֮дž̾ΪԼѾǿƵˣǺλһȣȴͲʲôԷǿƵһͿ
ŷ֮Уӵ͡
飬ΪֹҪҡŷ˰֣һǾӡ
ҧΪֹ˵ףΪֹѾȥ޵ˣлϣҪΪֹˡ
ʲôҲû˵ֱӳµһ֣ڼʲôжУʱȻмĳǰֻһ
ŷ翴ܼһۣŵ˵·ߡ
δͷǰ·뿪
ͽԳ˶һۣǶףԼˣԼһ֮ȷľǰĴ֮еˣȴһˣɱ˶ԷһˣǶԷȴԼ޿κΣֻܹĿ뿪ǰ붼顣
쵰ֱ뿪Զŭһ
ʱһָѹ䣬ֱӽɳȥ
ڱҡŷ˶ЩĿɿڴѾ뿪ô֣һ֣һɷ
ɣڿѪһıˡȴǳ侲
֣û°ɣ߹һеʵ
ҡͷŹŷ뿪ķȻ˵ӽ쿪ʼзҵĳԱ׼̫ӡ
ΪʲôǳһԼ˳ôĿǷȴ´һʵ벻ͨ
¶һĨɬ̾Ϣ̫ӵսڼ֮¡
˻һ˶ˡ
ĴļǷһһܹ˵εģֱǼ֮г˵֮ǿߡ
Ҳ˵Ĵļ壬˵ֻش֮еǿˡǴʱȴߴң̫ӵʵڼ֮£Ǽֱš
ͻȻʶһ⣬һģǱӵеսǶһսĴڣĶǿʲôز
ʶ⣬˶¶𾪵ɫ
֣ˣһᴫȥġ޵Уǲʲô˲ǵˣ鷳
ΣѾûʲôµˣȻĳһǿ϶ȥǡ
ŷͱˣ޷һ֮С
Ȼ˵ǾԼ޷Ը̫ӣֻǶԸĻҪܴĴۣ޵лҪ޷ܡ
ңʹնɱ̫ӣҪˣ̫ӵ󣬻һأʦ棬ɲǺǵġ
㵽˭߳һξ룬ͻȻŹŷʵ
̫ӡŷҲ룬ֱӻش
¶һĨЦ˵֪棬ֻһŮӣûʲô̫ӡ
Ļɫ΢΢һ䣬ǰˣ̫ӣЩˡҽּңָŷܹκԼĸء
˲ĵӵĻû˵
˵̫ˣǾ̫ˣŵĻֱȥ档ŷƽ˵
ǾۡͻȻŹŷ磬˵仰
䡣
ʱܼ˫ȫһǺȻĶŹŷ硣ۣѵǰˣ


2187 
뵽˵磬ְԵǿƣԹηмѾ϶Ĳ²⡣
ֲۣһ㶼ķҵˣ˵ɱ˾ɱˡһڣкηģһ·ߵ۷壬ȫûбҪɵܼҡ
֮ʹ̫ƺҲΪ˲鷳ѡ
ĻԹŷʵʹԼֻش֮У˭ָҶ֣
ңҲǰǸңڿ϶ᣬиڹŷУҲһ
ô϶ŷĿͶϴŵЦݡ
ȻԼжϣ϶Ǿۣ֮⣬бˡһ˵
ŷҡͷ˵Ҳô϶ҲΪҪݰǶɵ
˻һɫһ
ҲǿЦһҡҡͷ˵û
ȷʵûֻ뵽ŷݣֱ˵˳ȴû뵽
ŷ罫Ǹɵֿܣ뵽΢΢һڵЩˣԷҪݣԼʲôҪҴ׾ͺˣȴԼΣյĵز
ۣɱ޹һ˵ĿЩȣڹŷϣ˵
ŷȻȻԼ°ͣһŹ֣Լô֪һ㡣
û˵ֻһ˫ӣڹŷϣ˼ᶨɫŷ̲סһۣѾͷһԶӣܲˬ
ղҲֻǶһѣ˭һһŹͷӣ۴˿źܲˬ
ʵһˡŷһƽ˵
Χȫ̲סһһ·ȫѪǣòƺִϱ߰ɡ
˵еģûһģжմѪ
ˣľԶúȺ˽͡ŷƲƲ죬Ȼһȥ
һ¡
ҲŲǣˡŷѾԶ
ߴˡЦã⻹Ǵ˵еľ𣿾ȻʼˣСˣǺ
Ҫ֪˵еľۣս춷أһĸۣΰѹŵϣУ۵󣬿˵ߵġȻǲ飬Ȼܳλۡ
ڣеֱӱˣһд˵еϡ
֪ŷЩ꣬ѹ̫ĵӣͷɲԲԵϣս춷أһǰڣŷ۷壬֮жѰ֣еĵӣȥ١
ûЩѹŷȻδȫɣڿʼָԡǹŷԸһ㶼࣬ƽʱʱЦŭЩСB
ʱĹŷ磬ǽӽʵ
ৡ
һӰ˻ŷһ˵ҵȻ֪ߴˣղֻǸоǱе춯˭ֻ֪Ǵ߰ɡ
ͷһ˹ȥ
ǻȥ·һڵģ̲סԼ̫Ѩһ
ŷٴη˻˿Σһ΢Ц˵ǵļԶǹ⿼ǵģʡϴ·һȥͲˡ
ˣ
ۣҲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
Ĺŷ磬ȴǷ˲١
Ц˵ģҲὫ͸¶ȥģȻ̫ӡ
֣أŷ֤
һۣŷͷȻЩں˵ʹ˵ȥҲûйϵ˭Ҫҵ鷳
ʱ޾ֻش֮еκˣľۣϵİӡڹģͲε
һʣľۣС
һǰ·֪ŷ֮ûκε⡣ʵħܼҵ磬ûʲô֮ģȻҲκε⡣
ֻƬʱ˭ҲΪܹӾ۵УֻƬǸͲܵ顣
ܼңһƬɽ֮ϣתŲԣϢסܶˡ
ʱǿʿɹһĿÿһա
Щʿǳǿ쾳۷岻ͷļˣǸ޵УɽΧѲߣһ֣һʱչֿͬʱɽ֮еǿߡ
ùŷ羪ȵǣһһڵħɽɢħͬܿ£ǿħڿգѲӰ˷
ŷ¶һ˿ȤϽ͵ħˡ
ŷȻ˵ͷǣȥ


2188 ӭ
ǸսûжԶһȺǿʿ˹ʱǶʱɫϡȻڵϣС㡣
ЩҲܼҵѪԶԣѪȽϡĵϵȣλ̫Զˡ
λֵܲÿˡǰǷȻЦ˵ʹ˵ˣҪôǶֵܣûбҪ
⣬ȫûԷǵİ
񲻿ɷϡͷǸʿ˵
ЦãǸʿļû˵ʲôҲ֪Էļֻ֣кŷǣһȥ
ЩʿĿһ۹ŷˣЩ⣬ʲôˣȻ·
Ҫ֪ҵǰҲԼҵʵеŹ֡
Ȼк棬ȴûʣӵ飬Ӧȥѯʵġ
߽ɽ֮УŨЯһȻĵϣùŷ̲ס̾Щĺܻҵطɽ֮У÷ǳףеٶȣ쳣Ŀ졣
ֵϣҲܹıԼʡ
ֺõĵطΪһʵĴ֮أֱ̫ˡʹǾõĵطҲˡ
ŷ¶̾ɫЩˣܹþ۶̾ǿһǳӵ顣
طô
ĵûгܾãŷͻȻת˵һ
ЦݵֱӽסˣƿԣһĶŹŷ硣
ģǰˣǵһμһھҪ˼صģҪ֪ܼҵĸġ
˵ŷҡͷһ̫̾СˣһطȻԸ
ҪѪĳ嶯ԼҪ˼ҵأȴ˵˲ʲô°
ͽԳҪסԼ˵ƤԽԽˡ
ˣҲϲȻԸĻҾͲҪˡŷ˰֣һȵӡ
һӣһƵˡ
˹ŷһۣһʵ̫Ƥˣǵһμˡ
ȿȡһ˵
ŷŹֵĿһۣȻüͷһֵ˵ʲôѵˣôûпвɣ

Ҫ۸Ҹ硣һ̲סˣŷ纰һ
ðɣŮϣҾͲ۸ˡŷһ˵ļ
ֱҪһŽŷ߳ȥԱһ˵ʵһԼĸ׵ƣһһܳ嶯
ŷͻȻðһ䣺ûԿɲһС⣬ҪҪҸ㿴
ܲˡһһͷԶײȥ
䡣
һʯͷײˣŴ
ǳ鴤һǳˣŪԣ¼Ҳֻйŷܹˡ
Ŀһȴ˵κλ¹ŷ罫ĿתƵԼϡ
вŷ˶ۡ

̲ס˵ܲܲҪ۸Ҹˣ
Լ类۸ǵһοŷ񶼱ˣ¼ܹ۸ԼˣҲֻ˰ɡ
ðɣŮϣҾͷŹˡŷͷһǷӡ
ȫĬ
鴤£Ҳʲôû˵
ͽ٣ʧԶӭˡһ𣬴һϣȻ˾Ϳһ̬ϵˣлһȺˣ˹
ɢһӰ˻ģǴϢ֮Уܹܵǿźʵ
ܶػӭۡͷǸ˿ڣֱ˵ŷݡ
ڳˣȫһ֪֮һҪĿˣӭӣȴû뵽˾Ȼľۡ
ŷ粢⣬ʵ·ϵʱȷݣ֪ͨԼĸסȻأȻ޷ѹŷ
ܼˣǰǹŷ߶ˡŷϴ΢Ц΢΢һ֣˵
ʱϣҲûиղ渡ʣȻϽɢһǿϣ˲ӡ
ǾۣǸվھ֮ϵǿߣŽ
ܼܶҵǿߣܴŷɢϣǶоЩܣǱѹˣǺȻĶһۣԷе𾪡ܼǿߵȻеģףֻǹŷȻȻɢƣǿΪɴ˿ɼǿ


2189 
ۣ鴫ܼҵЩǿߣŷ֮Уһڱ˵ǰǿ԰ڹŷǰȴûǸʸ
ܶصһЦ˵ܹܼңܼҵң롣
֣أǰ·ɴ˿ԿԹŷء
ܼҵĳԱȫȻȻҵͬһ㣬˵󣬴ӵ˽ȥ
ͽԳ˶һۣǺ൱ǿĴ壬ȻҲ飬˼㣬Լˣһ㲻ء
ҲԴһһĸоʱǼĴеĳԱ˵֮⣬ǵǣȴִܵ
ȻһжǺǸйϵԼˣ֮Ψһľۣһڼ̵ʱ֮ϴڡ
һ˷ֱܶصɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȻȻ£ǿԿ״̬Ǻܺá
Ҳ˽Լİվһߡ
ȻڳЩˣȫܼ֮еĳûʸȻⲢ˵ĵλȽϵֻͣһ֮еǰˡ
ǰɷΪһơܶظոֱ˳
Ŀ⾼ڹŷϣһ˿
ܼҵ΢΢ЩȣԼļȻ˲֣ѯĺɫŹ֣ȴһߣʲôû˵ԡ
ŷûн飬ֱͬ⡣
лۡܶشϲȻѾ֪ŷǰĿģ׶ŷĴ𰸣̲ס
κµƣʲôҪҶӦܶһ֣ص˵
˻һȫ̲סһǾԼļ仰˵е̫ˣʲôҪ󶼴Ӧһŷܼҽܲ˵飬ѵĴӦɣ
ҲԼһԾŶԲƭŷ磬˵Ļ϶ܹ
ŷ綼һ£һܶأ̲סҡͷƣȷʵصһĳ̶ȣֻҺܺ棬ӦòŶԣʲôҪ˵ĻѵľҲʲôֵҪ𣿡
ܶصľŷȷʵе⡣
ž۵Ϊˡܶ˵
ֻش֮УǶԹŷǱȽ˽һۣȻǿƣǿ壬ҲСˣҪܼߵġ
ǸԭܶԸţԲ˵Ļ
ŷҲܹܵܶضԼΣԼ̲סЩȣֻش֮УȻһˣԼеˡ
ƾ仰Ҳҽκ㡣ŷоһ
лۡܶ¶Цݡ
Ź˲ʱ䣬ɫˣЩҰףʧȥеѪɫ˶̲סġ
ŷ΢΢üͷĿһܶأȻ˵䣬Ȼǿߣһ䡣
һιŷˣܶظˣΪ˵ģ䣬һֱ
ʵ㹻Ųڣһĸ޵УŲס죬֮᳹䣬ܹˣһ֮ˣż
ŷ磬սΣڵĹ죬ûҽ棬ŷǿ
ȷʵ䣬ɱһǿߣȴû뵽֮ǰʩչ䣬ĥڡܶؿЦ˵
Խ⿪𣿡Щĵʵ
ŷͷɫȻЩأܶص壬о˸
Ǹʲôݣŷʵ
֪ǳ죬پ֪֮УӦûµ֣УҲӦʶǸȴδ˵һ۷ǿߣӦüŶԡܶһɻ˵
ŷͷȻһ㡣ʵϣ۷ǿߣҪԼĴڣǷǳѵģǿ֮䣬иӦ໥֪ԷĴڣ޷ء
ǾıʩչֶΣ̫жĿȻһĸ޵УûǸҪ
Ȱ˵ŷ絭˵
Ƕ˵ʲôҪĻ֮Ͱˡ
ֶڱǿ˵ҲȽѲǴﵽŷεҽ֮ȴĿǡϹŷʣʥаĹЧֵ
ԣĿɿڴ֮󣬹ŷֻһ֣һɫҽ֮ûܶص֮С
һЦݣ֮Ǵʱҽ֮֮£ȴûһ㿹ء
һᣬ֮ȫɢ


2190 ˰
˶ĿɿڴֱΪԼˣҪǼ䣬Ȼô򵥾ͱˡ
ǰɣ𾪵˵
Ȼ֪ŷҽɣҽ˵˼㣬֮䣬ûβõĲӣȻǳǵϣû뵽
ҽֱˡ̲ס̾ŷ񶼱ˣ𺳡
ôŷܶʵ
֪ܶصӦǸˣǻһ䡣
ܶĹ۲һȻ̧ͷ¶˷ܵɫ˵ˣЩʧˡ
ʹĶҲ̲ס伸ҪںˣܶȻļ
лۡܶŷл
֪ԼǷˣһǿɲһĶܹġ
лңֻ˵լʺ񣬶ɢ޲ǡҶ֮еɢޣЩͬ飬ԲŴΪβ㵹ǲлңҪлĻ͸лԼɣԼ򣬲ƹŷһ˵
ȷʵ飬ΪܼҵΪǾǹŷƣҲӦġ
ҪӷһȫˣҶͬ죬ݶ飬һеģЩɢޣߣҲûΪЩʲôֻżһ°ˣ㲻ʲôܶЦ˵ǫ顣
ʵҲڸ֮̾еĳԱ󲿷ֶʴ֮ҲΪʲôǻɢ޵ԭǱûɵġ
ʴȣЩ壬ǿϣΪǽ϶ⷽԿȴû뵽Ϊƣһξܶء
˵˲ÿҪҪлҵĻͰһɡŷһ⡣
ֻƬܶʵ
ף۽ֻش֮У벻Ϊ˱ģֻΪֻƬ
ŷͷûԼĿġ
ֻش֮УȷʵֻƬѾʧˣ֪ҵģֻܹȥ鿴һ£ܲҵͲһˡܶ˵
ףֻƬʧʱ̫ˣ֪ʲôطҲѾֻشˣ߱һλֵõҲпܵġ
ԣҪҵֻƬ˵ϣǳã
ŷȻҲһ㣬ǶԷӦæ˵Ѿ㹻ˣڵֻܲƬʵŷ粻Ǻ⡣
ҲףֻƬҪҵô׵ġ
ˣлˡŷͷ
ħﲻǴ˵һֻƬ𣿡̲סѵ
ĻŷЦˣܶҲЦˡ
ôˣЩ⣬Լ˵һ˫˵ϣЩ˼
ֻƬħ磬˭õó˵ȥӡʲôˣҿԿ϶ħûֻƬȻĻĴѾסˡŷЦ˵
һ£ʶ⡣ֻƬĻĴѾˣﻹܹȵڡ
뵽˵ͷʾԼˡ
ʹһȥһ£ȻֻƬϢҲпҵֻƬŷо˸
ɽЪϢ죬ЩҪħ磬ҪգǲżܶЦ˵
ɫȻ԰ףѾһѪɫȻûж೤ʱ䣬Ѿʼٻָˡ
ʵ;磬ҪȫָʵǷǳġ
ŷͷЦ˵Ҳеٻ룬Ҫܼ
ܼ磬ŷˣгϺܼҪȫ㣬ŷ˸мЩкǹŷԭ򣬼ʹܹҵĶΪǽҲȻı䣬ռҪ䡣ڹŷ֣ȫγ˲ֽΪڴġ
ƹѲŷſڣܶʵܼҪ֪˵ʲô
һָоǸʩչ˵ݲ򵥣棬ŷܵϤϢǱ˰巨֮дϢһ֣ɻ䣬һִͨ
ֻǹŷȴû뵽ԼȻͬ䣬ȻҪŪ
ͱ˰йص飬ùŷʸ
Ҳ֪һܹŹֵǿߣʵȴǳ߰ʼȻҵūͣԼ򲻹ңЩ٣ҿĳһֱԼ;Ȼ򲻹ҡܶɫɻ󣬶ǸˣҲǳʡ
ŷ΢΢һ֪ԼĲ²⣬ˣǲĻǸ˺ܿǱ˰ˣֻǲ֪ԷǴӱ˰ɹģǵı˰ǿߣһ֣鷳


2191 ħ
ŷһأڳ˶ŵˣǼʶŷ˵һ޵еĴ棬ʱȻһصӣȻе㲻ͬѰ
ܶأ̲סзֹĿͶڹŷϣȻҪŪһ
ôˣ̲ܶסʵ
ҴŲµǸ˵ˣˣǵ鷳ˡŷšüͷ˵
ˣһ˹ŷĻ˵Ĳңǡ˵Ĳ²Ļп򣬶Ҫǣȥ
һ˰ĵطܿԴأǱǴģںܳһʱ֮ڣ˰ǿߣƿԷΪū顣ŷ粢ûдΣֱ˵
˰ĵطū˶ɵˡ
ǰǾۣһϸ֣ǿ϶ΪŷڿЦǶӡ
˺嫣ôǱģ֮Уǿƣиʵǿֲ˼㡣һǼֱƿֲʲôӵһطܹ򣿻ܹū飿
ңǻĶ㹻Զȴû˵飬ʱЩ˶ùŷҲΣ
ǿ϶ΣҿԸǣ˰Ĵڣرǿ󣬵򣬳ѸֲûУǵ󼸺ȫսǽ˰ǿȥط֮ڱ˰֣ǸͲǶ֡ŷüͷͣŲţŷǲġ
Լ׾ͺˣһֱ׼Ա˰Ĵڣŷ綼ֱѹĴĸо
ôܣܶض̲סɲ
һͷ׵ߣüͷͻȻһһüͷ˵ҺеӡˣޱȾԶһս㣬ǿƽһս˵еǿɱĲˣʣµ飬˻ȥѵ˵ľһΣ
飬𺳣ȫĿͶǸߵϡ
ǲҪң游ҵģ˵Լһս󣬲һսһһۣͲһˣǵʱǿɱѾˡüͷ˵
Ļһ˵һΪܼ֮УĴڣ游Ǳˣܼҵʼ档
ܼʼڣɿ֤ˣǿ϶ǾԶޱȣܼ֮ǰʲôû֪ҲĲһսҲ˵
ôµĵطܶصһ
ǸǾ͸ɱҪ򣬲ô򵥵ġȴսʮ㣬һļ
ȻЩν񣬺е⣬ǻԼĸ׵ˣҲǸط͸Ҫսˡ
һۣܶû˵ʵһ㣬졣
ӣ첻µز£ǶԼĸףȴη壬һܶؿڣͲҷ
ۣ˼ɵ˭Ҳ֪֮УûгǿߣȥսʲôսܶЦʵ
ƿԣ֪Լȷʵе˵ˡû˵Ŀ£ǵ˺ĻŷҲˣǼʶŷǿģͶ֮䣬ɱ޵вʵܹȵġ
˵ĵҲ򵽵׻жܣǶ֪гǿߣȴδҲĴ֮УҲͬгǿҲ˵ָڣֲġŷ絭Ц
ֻĻȻ˵۾֮УȴһĨġǿߣ֪컯죬ȴԲô򵥵ģ֪ʲôںܶطԼĴУһһǿߣŷ磬һ̤·ֻջǾòףصԼĵϡ
ŷһֱֱܵ컯죬϶ͼıһµ飬飬δضкô
ǿߡܶؿЦ֪ŷĻڰοңּǿߣȻ֮гһѾ˲ˣﻹָܹࡣ
Ҳûټ⣬˵ˣ˵Щ˵ĻǺȾơ
Ʊյﳩһζùŷһʹ졣
ʱ䣬գ۱ȥˣһչŷõϢħ缴ȫڱϹȥˡ
ŷ֣Լ׷ߣǣҲ˹ż֣ڹŷǵ
һħ֮еĴ׳Ĵ˵һвҹŷҲܶصĿ֤ʵħ֮УѹȫдǿߣȷʵûԩǣǴס


2192 
һЩɢ޵Ĳ²⣬е㲻һŷܶأ϶ԼῴˡȻܶض˵ǴףǾͿ϶Ǵס
ħ磬һ챦γɵģֻƬΪλֻƬϢܶҲס
һٶȺܿ죬Яǿƣϵħ硣
ͬʱ壬Ѿվħ֮еĶɫء
ŷ翴һ˵ʱʱ̲סЦˣãҲ
ΧĺʱЩ棬˵ô˵棬׺˭ã
˳ŹŷĿ⿴ȥһӰʱ˵ı鶼ˡΪŷ纰òǱˣǱֻ˫޵ĺ顣
վɫһ˫ӣڹŷϣֱҪ۾ϴѪһ
ûŷ磬ȻųϢ鷳ļŷ֮󣬺鲻ʲôϵһ޽ɣ˭֪ʲô顣
ãǰЩ첻Һøôˣ֪ںˡŷһʹ˵һ˵ţһ߹ȥ
ˣû뵽Էô󵨣ô˵棬ȻԼ߹ˡ
ɫ΢䣬ŵĶŹŷ磬Ȼ˵ұ죬׼
ŷ¶һĨϲɫЦ˵ãϳˣٺһøҺϲһ˵ţǱΧʿУȴΪ˵Ϸ
ǿĿ䣬ڹŷϣӴƶֹˣȻԹŷ缫䲻
ڳ֮УвǺ׷ߣڼ˱˵ϷȻһҪֵĳ嶯
ƭҵġһĨΣû˵
ûаҼǵĸԸģ㲻ܹ˾ͲˣУһҪ㸺𡣡ŷίԹĶź飬һԹ
һĻһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסˣǾǸǿߣô񣬵һ
ᣬһ˵Լôһֱ̫ˣԼԿˣһø硣
뵽ЦȻҪĻ档
ȻĻһΪ㸺ģԺҵˣһҪ󡣡鵭˵ʱǳƽһ˫ĿŹŷ磬һҲҴӦӡ
ֻҪɵӣܹǹ˵ģȻҪʲôֶȥˣֻҪ˵ͷͻ뿪
Сû뵽ǣŷȻܾ
Ȼ֪ŷΪʲôͻȻתˣ㶵Źŷ磬ɫɻ˼㡣
㳤òУ˻جεģ֣صĿһ£˰ɣҲҪ㸺ˡŷһ˵ţΧʿӶɳˣܶ׵ĻȴãԼûףȻ˵Ϊֻ˫޵ĺֱ̫ˡ
ŹֵĶŹŷ磬Ҫ֪ǺηʥȻе˵ֻѵͲ±Ļʹ߸˺
̫ӡһͻȻ𣬾ˡ
ۻȻֲø˴ĵӣԭ̫ӣǸϷļһȻٴμ棬ٴαϷˡ
ɫƣڹŷϣ֪һЩʲô
Щ̲סˣһ޵վ˳һģˣɫսףһǹָŹŷ磬˵身С㣬ҾҪ溫СúõĽѵ㡣
Jǹͷϲһŷ翴һۣۡ
Ǹ޵жʱŭҪǰһ£ȡԷĺøУȴû뵽ԼȻˡ
һɱ⣬˵ֱӳ֡
ɫĳǹͬһŷüĴ˹ȥ
һĻ̲סһȻ󺰵Сġ
һǿߴŭû뵽ԼΪͷǺȴöԷСģѵϲǰһˡ
뵽ɱ⣬Ǽ˺ü֣ȻҪŷ
ǿ֪һСģʵǸģ˭ǰ̫ӵʵԲǿܹȵġ
̫ˡŷ˱ܣ˵
ߣΪľɱ㡣ǸǿЦΪŷ絲סԼĹԲź˵ģӵ˷ܵģǹȥ˼㡣
ŷбһ⣬Ц˵˵ģھɱ㣬Ҳԩˡ
ŷĻǸǿЩԼʵ㹻ǿ󣬵̫ģȻǿƵĳȻɱŷ磬Ĳݡ


2193 
üͷһ壬֪áѾˣһɫϢֱûǸ޵еڡ
𾪵УǸ޵Уֱڣ¶ȻɫԪݳȻãɫϢһҽ֮УԪɢˡ
һ޵ˣ׻ɱ
Ȼ̫ӵǵһĻ֮󣬺ܶ˻̲ס𺳣ˣҲĬ
Ƕˣ̫ӣĺܿ£һǣҲ뵲ס
ҪסǵҪεĸ֡
ôɱˣŹŷʵ
Ҫɱҡŷ絭һЦ۾ȴ΢΢һУһʱò˴һ
ɱ㡣ߡ
ȻʲôҪҲǺһӹǿߣɱˣȻԺҵ˵һִ
ŷЦĿ˺һۣЩ̵˵ò˵ԷɱңҾͲӦû֣վɱǲǣһ߼һһɱȻվɱ׼֡
ǿʶһš
ֻǾ°ˡŷƽ
һĻܶӶɳˡǿһֱǸģʲôʱһͬһСŮ硣
òв²⣬Ҳ飬ϲ̫ӡϾݻʵ̫ӶϺ顣
һǿԼȥ͹ŷǿƽ
˹ŷһۣԽԼͷŤȥʲô˵ˡ
ŷҲúͺߴߴᣬţղŵ飬ɱӺ벻˸鷳ˡ
һʵ˵磬ֻҪŷ㹻ʵԼκ顣
¾̫ӡڹŷΪûʱһĮ
СģⲻɽĴӣҲһ֮ܳĴڣ񶯣ʵǿ󣬱Ҳ֪˶١ŷ磬ע⡣
ŷ΢΢ͷȻ˵ˣȻԷԵĲ򵥡
˹ȥһ꣬һɫĳվ֮У֮Уתž˵ԣܹŽδһ㡣
ֻһۣŷ֪˵ʵǿһ㶼û˵˵ʵԶԶ֮ϡ
ŷȴƽԷǿ󣬵ȻĶ֡
û񶯣ûĻȻ̱ˣⲻûĻֱѡӣһ㶼ûн񶯷С
ʹ񶯱鵭ȻǴʱɫȴ׽ӲˣĿɭȻڹŷϣ˵̫ӱȴ˵֮иӿֲøɱ޵Уҳڷҵǰ
˻һڽԻȻ
飬ڷҿ֮£δȥڳʿ󲿷ֶ֪ͻȻ˵ʱ̲סˡ
ҵĳԱɫ࣬ǿһ񶯣ٿһ۹ŷ磬ȴʲôûк
ҪǺ̫ӶϣԿֻǡҴӴ˺̫ӣ˴ԲԸ⿴顣
һǷϢΪ˲̫˺ֻû뵽񶯾Ȼ֪飬ˣ˶˵ǰ˵
񶯵Ŀģҵ˺ҪԼ̫ӶϣΪУĻԽ̫ӵǷҵʵ񶯺̫֮ĳԹӦûеġ
㲻ˣһЩС˼ǲǾͻŷˣ˵ȴǺܿɫ䣬ϴĲм
üͷһ壬˵ֻ˵һʵͬʱҲǶԷȥĵѸоѹҪΪֻһĴ壬֦ͬ빲Ҳܹί
һӣùŷĿɿڴֱ̲סҪˣһֱ̫޳ˣһμˡ
˵ģƤͿ˵ˡ
ΧҲǳ鴤Ƕɵӣ˭񶯵Ŀģ˵ô̲ס
Ĵˣô꣬ǻôĶġڴʱһЯɱ⣬Զ
ŷ۾˹ȥǸħ磬ʱڱѾסеˡ
νĴףҪųǺܺ棬Щ׵ж
ħ𣬴׳֣ɫأҲûʲô˼ˣֶΣǽĿͶħ磬ɫأЩ٣Ȼܽš
һʵ֮ϵǿߣȻųɴ˿ɼЩ׵ǿ


2194 çţ
ɫأǸ
ŷ˳ǵĿ˹ȥһڱ飬ħϢǵأа˼㡣
аħħʿ
ǵҲħһϢȴħҪа֪ٱ
һȺ˳֣ʮ˸Ѫ⣬һ¶µЦݡ֮Уħ˸Żһ
ŷһʱףЩǴףûһöһǻ
Цһվû˵
аħǻҳվ˳ĿЩף
ĴĳԱҲһȫվһʱγһͳһսߣЩס
Щֻ࣬ʮ𣬵ɢϢȴʮǿ߶̲סɫء
ҵȻţ񡣡һͷţǵĴ׿ڣɫ֮г˳Ͳмسޡ
çţ˵
ǸЦû뵽ôʱ䣬Ƿҵ˾ȻʶңȻˣǷҵծԻ˰ɡ
ɫɱȻħγһħƣסͷһƬ֮ϡ
ħԵϢ˵˼㣬ľçţ£Ǽ֣㹻ˡ
ʵϣһڼǿߣݺ£ɱ¾˲֪飬֮һƬѪɫ컹Ƿҳϸ֣ѹȻħ硣
˭Ҳû뵽޾¹ȥˣçţȻû˳쳣££һ˫Ӻ˵˼㣬ͬѪɫӣڷ˵ϣǾ塣
һħ֮лڹû뵽㲻ûлڹȻôԹޣ֪˵ĻӦɱ㡣˵
Ƿ֮Уƽһֱçţ޾ɫ
ЦǷҵ˼ٴȱЩѹɢޣ˿ҲǿЦçţмһ˫Ѫɫӣڷϣ˵ҵСǣǰ
ɫ䣬ŭɫ̤һçţ˵Լ̫ˣҴδУǿܹѹһΣܹѹΣһҲ飬ɱ֮
ȻçţɱȻ
ûǸ¡çţѪɫת£¶Цݡ
Ҫϻ֡
һ״ߴ٣çţ֡
һսݡȡ
Ҫսף˳Ծ˭Ҳû뵽ؼʱ̣Ȼľ
Ŀ˷һۣ˵еˡ
ɨһۣĮ˵Ҫ
Ҳһۣçţţ˵ȫȫֲ졣
ǿһ󱲣ɱĻҵˣһġçţ۾һ¶ϲɫ
ûʵȻǿƣĿ֮Уǳ˸ݻ棬ɢһµĵϡ
һ棬ıޱģ޾ܣһ˿ֲͨѹ¡
һ
ŷЩ֣ʲôܹо棬õɵģһʵԻ⼸ǲܵ飬ûܹһ棬ʹǸ޵ҲС
ʵûдﵽǸΡ
ֻ֮󣬿Իͨһµ֮һû뵽Ȼ󡣡ɫأΪŷ͡
𣿡ŷʵ
һʩչ˲ɱһĸ޵УȷʵƴˣȻĻһʩչġ϶˵
ŷͷ΢еȤʱĻŪ󵽵ô¡ϾòƺǿֶΣǳҪġ
һȻţϧçţçţЦֱ֣ͬչɱ
һͷ޴çţ֣ƬأçţХ޴çţȥǺӡ
çţײ춯أչ˴Ծ
գըӰɳȥѪһ㱬飬ڲԶ˫Ŀգ֪
֮£çţȻҲǳңȴһս֮Цһֱӳɱ˹ȥ
ãסҵ˱ɫǶԷҪɱǾԲ鷢
çţ¶ЦͲ⣬˻һͷ޴çţѪ˸й嵽ߣȻţֱ̤ȥ

ҵ˾Ǵ𣬵ȴһôûС


2195 Ÿ
ŷ̾һԼˡֱӵָһɳçţϡ
˷ôֵĹçţûκ飬Ǳŷ絯һ⣬ȴҽһ޴ɳȥȻԶըֻԪ˳ǿԪ޹ӣղһԪնɱˡ
񾪺ȫĿⶢ˹ŷϡ
̫ӵʵ𺳣Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣƴһսȴçţĶ֣çţȴסһ
ȻҲçţдԭ򣬵ʾ̫ӵǿ
񶯵ɴ۾ðһ⡣ԼղòƻһذɣҺöԷûкԼƽϣȻĻ֪ôġ
ʱ񶯵УһȺףҲûйŷһĿ¡
ֳɱڣǹŷԺһƬžЩ׶סˣçţ֮һ֮мʹǿһҲױ㽫çţܣ˵һһɱˡ
ǺȻĶŹŷ磬Ȼ̲סһڿˮ
ȻȻһȺףǴʱȻŷʵŵˣһָо֮£ǰһס
ǲңֻǴ͵ġŷʼ磬һԼӡ
çţҧгݣһղų֣ٵԼһɱԼȴһԼ޹ӣ޵˼㡣
ҲıŷǿסֵĻɡһçţкɵӣȻԼ
Įӱ˵飬ֵԼϣȴһ˵ķӦһҲ
Ǻɣһ׿ڣѯʡ
а뵽͵ĵط߳һ֣˿£Ҳʲô˲ĴУԲܵֻݺֻشô꣬ӡ֮ǰҲ˽⣬ȴûһɣЩˡ
ţʹǿޱȣ޴ڣǿߣ۷壬ĲҲֻеͨһԱˡŷһׯϵϹ
Щ¶ȻɫһǿߣȻֻеͨһԱѵ֮УǳǼֱţŷһӣȴ˵ѣǲɵ˼֡
֪ŵĸԭ£ǺĴ֮飬뽴ŵĸ֣ҪΪҵȡǸ׿ڣ̬ȹޱȣĴӶɳˡͬʱаЩħͷҲӲ̫ǾͲǣԼ˵ӣǺܱ
ôҲһȺ޵Уվߵ۷壬벻ҪǺòá
뵽Щȫ¶ŭɫڶԷӣоѻ𣬡ðɣΪѵĴӦҪǵ鷳ǲܵģֻҪӦˡŷЦ˵
һЦݵӣЩ׾ǰˣӦòʲôֵҪһ£ڵĴ׵ͷͬˡ
ã˵ڶŷЦ۾
ֱ˵ڶһ£Ҳû˵ʲôǾãȻǿߣӦǶһЩģҲǰˣϲӵڶ˵Ҳ˵
˵׿ڣŷ˵
һֻƬŷ絭˵
ż׵۾ϸĴǵɫ
Щһ˲ЩˣǱָǸ˵ֻƬֻǴ˵ҵҲֻ˵δ
˵˵ֻƬϢ㵱ɵ𣿡ŷЦмĶŶԷ
ֻҵձ˵ֶηųķǽЩһЩʦͽħ磬ħҲôıֻƬǸ׶Ȼϣ˵ԼûֻƬ
ŷ۾ŶԷЦ˵ҽŵˣɲôƭģûֻƬΪ˵￴ֻƬ
ŶԷҪǸ׵һ
Էɫ΢΢ЩţΪףȻŷҲ԰ˣΪױƳġ
ȴЩʱ򣬹ŷŶԷ
ֻƬֻһƬǸ״ӻóһһƬɢֻصϢ
ŷһϳˣȷʵǼҵģֻƬֻΪģֻƬȣ̫Զˡ


2196 ս
Ȼֻɱˡŷ۾һУ˵
˻һȻǶôǿƣԷֻûԼһҪɱôĴס
͹ŷԻĴףɫһɫӣڹŷϣ˵ŵĸˣǲеˣûֻƬǿҪѵҪҳΪ𣿡
ܷŭԼףίȫУԷһҪϾɱ
Ҳ̫߹Լ˰ɣҽţѵл·ʲôƨףڽŵУƨ㲻ϡŷɫȻŶԷ˲м
˻һѵνĽţôǿǼֱ޷ʮףĶܹɱǿߣȴУɴ˿ɼŵźǿ
ֲ̫ǿƣнΪ̣Ȼ޿֡ʱ˵УѾΪеʥء
ùŷ֪Ще뷨϶ᵱЦˡ
Ǹ׻һŷŵŵˡǿߣ˵ѣǸţͬ˵ǿ
뵽ɫѿǿһţȷʵʮ˿ԶԸġ
ͫϻʲôֱɱʲôţҾͲˣʮһ𣬻ǸˣһܹôǿǵһһԽɫգ𶯣˺졣
ȻǲʶôǾͶȥɡŷ絭˵Է߹ȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҫ߹ȥ
ǣŷȴɢһѹסȥ·
ЦȻ֪ǹŷ粻֣ҪԼӦսȻ֪ŷݣʲôŵĸ֣Ǿۣһ޵еĴ棬ǶԷʮףһֱ֣޷󣬳İ벽ѻ߳ǿ֮⣬˭ܹסǵĹ
ͫһ䣬֪ɻˣԷҪ֣ûдĺǺͽ⣬ҲûдŹǡ
û飬Ҳ֪㵽ʲôˣǲҪԼ鷳ȻעҪսͫǿĶŹŷ磬ɱȻ
ȻҿĴ֮еһЩҲǳˬǺܿϧﻹҵѣЩɢ޹ģĴеЩ쵰ѹǣѾǹˣǳĻ֤һǵĶҪɵǣǸֻش֮Щɢһɡŷ΢΢̾Ϣ
֮£ֻشɢޣֱ˵ˮ֮СļҼһͳ򣬵ֶξԲĴˣ£ɢ޸֣ȴĵԼˣֻūۣǵ
ĴĳԱ̲סɫһ죬û˵ֻЩҲףԼ˶ɢ飬Ҫǣͦݶġ
Ӻһ˵Ǻǲûʲô𡣡ͫɫ
ĴҪǳܼ֮⣬ȴܹ˵ķĻɱˣֱӼѪȺɢޣϵˣֻЩ׶һ֡
ŷͷЦ˵ЩһȺ쵰ǣǿԸġǣһȺĲ˳ʺĻ쵰ҲҪɱǡ
ųʺءֹ
ԭǶǹŷȻ
ڴ֮УһͷɫƣҪһ
ŷ֣֮УȻһ
ЦһȴʾĺͶԷӡ
ɱ
֪ͫûתأֱ
̫ӡ񶯵һ
ô˵ⶼֻش飬Ĵ弴ʹٲҪҲùŷһôǿߣ޳ܡ
ԹŷΪ⵶ЩĴǿ߶ˡڹŷĴ֮£ɱ˹ȥ
һսΪˡⶼǸ޵ڶԾһʮģˡ
Ҫ֪ƽʱ޵мսԾˣοڣʮ޵УչԾﲫɱ
ŷǿƳֱ֣ס˶Էǿߡ
һǽͫµĻƽ⣬ʹԹŷʵҲһɵ֮󣬻ᱻɺԶ
һ˽գ콣ͣ䣬ɱŷ硣
ˣҲߣǶվڸ޵۷ٮٮߣʱΧŷһȫʩչµɱС
Сġ
ɫ¹ŷ⡣
ǿǰΪµĴףֵܣµ˼㡣
ģǻɱҡŷЦһֱѹʵδȫˮһʱ֮䣬ûˣⲢʾŷ粻ǵĶ֡


2197 ˱
ŷʱ뱩¶ݣоһһɫϢ֣ݣֱˡ
̹⣬΢һ֣ȴúܶͷ
֮ͫݺᣬ۾ȻϳһüĵλãһһɫϢ
͡
ǴգֱڣֵǱڵһ
ýͫһŷ֮У˾
ҲһǻǺ⣬ǿһĻһҵˣԴĵ򣬶ܹڣЩ̹µ˼㡣
ǣʹ׼ǳ֮⣬ǵֿĶǳѣþֶΣǿס
ʲôϵͫٴηΪŹŷ磬ɭȻʵ
Ǽʦŷ絭һЦ
˻һͫȫɫһ䡣
ĵӣǳǸǿĽţѹǿơ
һˣǶԾ춯أκһ޵Уӣοں͹ŷ罻ֵʱҲܵŷʵԲǣҪǿĶࡣ
򶾵һõӡͫЦ
ĽûõģΪûлյˡŷɫƽ˵
ɫ˸ͫЦҪɱң
Լ̬Ӧúԣ㲻Ӧʾ䡣ŷ絭һЦ
ˣһȭһ޵лɳȥ
ԷһͷʨʱȴԡѪŷһһ򱬡
ͷɫʨѾ㹻ǿˣ֮ǰçţ͵סŷһ
ߣ¹˭֣һءͫЦܵŷǿţȴ쳣
ǶǴףһħ񣬰˵ʵͣǵʵҲԶ
ǴʱһӣȴѹסˣǺܲޣһֳĸо
ǲɱŷ磬п϶һĽᡣ
ȫ֣ɱͫȣٱɫͫף⣬Ȼ콣ƿУŷն˹ȥ
ŷ΢΢Щȣ˽ͫһۣʱ۾ѾϣȻԼһ˫۾ƳһԱ콣ޱȣնһ죬Ȼŷ磬ܹоһв
һһȭȭͷϳϼתڵѪתԷ
ȭͷ࣬콣ײϼɫĹⱬֱͫӱĺ˳ȥһӿһĨ졣
Ȼ͹ŷһײܵһˡ
Ѿ㹻ˣҪ֪ղͷڤʨӣһ㱻ŷһȭ򱬡
˫ᵱգ棬ѹ¡ػתԪؿޱȣϳɻףֱ
ŷӦԵķȻղһһȭ
ȭͷ֮ըݻԪأŷ硣
һֱֻӻӶȫ顣
ŷ岻࣬վԭأһ̤ɲǼǰȻֱץס˫һ˺
ǿһȣҪǿϲ٣Ǵʱȴŷֱ˺ѣѪ
ԪӶݣԶգµɱ⼸ŷûˣУȴ嵽˼㡣
ͽ˺޵֮еǿߣ¶ǰĵӣǿʲôӵһ硣
ǹŷ׿ڳϣǸͲĵӣΪǰҲôǿ
ڤʨɱħƵЯһ֮һƬ嫵ڤΪǿ֮һǿߡ
ŷתָ絶ֱն¡
ۡ
Է飬ѪȾءڤҲʧˣסŷһ
սڣõֻԼ֮һЩˣͨδʩչѾһ㣬ŷı֣סˡ
Ǻεǿһ˶ռףȻռݾԵϷ磬Էȫ޷ŷ硣
ĴĳԱȴ¶ϲɫףֻҪԼסǰ⼸˵Ľȵ̫ӻĶ֣Ǿʤˡ
ֻشһֱδĴǣҲҪڽսˡ
뵽ɫ˷ܣֵĶ˼֡
һȺףѹǶһۣԷеأǶû뵽Ȼڳʱһ̬һѹеǿߣռݾԵϷ磬ĲһֲõԤС
޵УҲʩչɱѹŷ硣
һͽͣŷֱӵɫϢ߽ǵɱ
ͫɫأ˵̫ӣ㵽ҪôǺûκγԹѵҪƴһһ𣿡


2198 
Ǳҵġŷһίӡ
˱˻ҪԣȺײһ㱻ѪòԼûнôɣҪ֣ҲأھȻԼġ
Ⱥ׾ãǰһаħԼȣֱһСһ
㵽Ҫôͫʵ
Ĳսȥˣ̫ӵĳ֣ѾǵļƻսȥܶҪ͵ˡ
ǰֻƬҾˡŷһ˵
Ǻݺݵĳ鴤£ͫ˵ûС
ǾͼսɡŷֱƲ죬ȻֱӺһһȸղҪĶˣ滹̹ƣȻʩչ˶
ͫĲһҪѪһ̫ˡҲ𺳣ŷ羹Ȼصʵû뵽ġ
ٵѹȸղҪǿĶˡ
һֵס֪ͫԼһˣǲɵסԷĹģԿʼԮˡ
ǵһӦģʩչһͷɫչἸ죬ѹ䣬ȫڶסϡ
ڤʨˣҲһȫȫ֣ŷ硣
ͫХ˫ƣͷųǿϢͬ¡
ȫʩչԼǿĹһĿʼƴˡ
ŷȻһ˱ܣ˻Ȼһ㵽һߡǲУֻսĻ϶ᱩ¶ԴϢʱ۵ݱ¶ҪֻƬҪϼˡ
Ϊ˭֪۵ֻƬͲ飬ܹȫҵֻء
ھǳֻش֮УֻһĿģǾֻƬ
ŷ粻ԸⱩ¶ݣڲԸ⡣
칦ɱ¡ŷɫأغ
ʮɫ֮һʮȴɢһصϢÿһأв궼Ҫɱһ
սЩˣֱӺƳȥǲＤսһָоǶؼĻǱɡ
Щأֲ졣
ͫ׵壬ʱŷȫ޷ֻܹӲֶ
ֶֻûһգͫɫЩף֪ˡ
һ԰ȥ˲һ֮⣬ڣҪȥҲô׵ġ
칦ǿѧֻ״ӲŻ̵Ҫŷʩչ磬Ҫܳһεʱ䡣
칦һԹŷе㻳ɵĺ飬ʱֱĵˣˣ۾Ҳڶʱ֮ڣֿµĹ־硣
Ҳ˵̫ĵӣǹŷðġ
ǹŷ֪뷨϶̲סЦҲڱ˵Ҫ칦һ׵飬ȴŷڡ
Ǹ޵еǿ֮⣬һݣǾһҽɡǴΪҽ֮䣬ʵǲּҵģŷ籾ожѾﵽһܸߵľ磬ҽɳ֮һԪصıԴҪʱ֮칦ʵ̫ˡ
֮ǰŷѾͷ̣õĴУҲǸʱ򲻾ã칦
ϾŷװĵӣǶôĻǿ϶ỳɡԹŷͷԣܲһ㡣
˶ã칦֮£ͫˣпܱ̫ɱһ
ǺЩأ⴫˵е칦Ŀȡ
Ȼ˴칦⡣ϾҪ칦ڶ棬źܸߵУȻĻһҪĻɱ
ŷҲã⼸˿»ˣͷʱһµϢֲޱȣȻʮϢ£ֱӵסʮ
ŷһһһڼӣվ磬棬Ͷ֮䣬һֿµϡܿ£ħɽѹ˴һʥĸоһʥ飬վ˵ǰ
ֵʱ򣬽ͫ¶һĨϲɫ
ϡ
ȫڵϣڼĤݡ
ЩսĴףҲһȫԼĶˣȻ˹ڼӹݡ
ǶʿǴʱȴͬһȺˣ϶Ĥݣɫϵ˼㡣
ŷǶһۣԷе𺳡˵ʲôݣȻЩ׶ߵףóϷ
յ飬ʹΣϿڣûпˣǶŹŷ硣


2199 ħ
Ĵ֮Уû˸˵ޱȣһ֣ƣѹסˡ
ʹĸ֣ɫأǱһɽ
Ψһɵˣֻйŷˡ
Ҳףֳ֮УΨһʸ϶ԻˣҲֻԼ
á
Ļش𣬷ǳϣһԥûС
󵨣˵ͫŭǳŷ硣
ӣҹһȥŷɨһۣ˵
ͫһ㱻Ȼʵǰ˺ܶ࣬վǸ޵֮еĶʲôʱǳ
ͫҪԣλʸ˵ĻϿ˽ͫһۣƽ˵
ͫһ¶ŵɫϵ˼˵ǰ̫ӣʵ֮£ʸ˵ֻ
ʶһ㣬ͫϵߣʲôʾˡ
Ҫûע⵽ͫı֣Ŀŷ硣
ŷһĨЦݣ˵ܼ򵥣ҪֻƬ
ûСϵ˵
ŷЦˣϣĵ˵һ㣬ӦþܹҵˡֻƬϢŷ̫ϤˣϾֻƬ
ãԼ벻ҵֻƬģȴû뵽Ȼˡ
νϣϾһֻƬ
ңϵһЦ͵һɱϢڹŷϣЦ˵ǲħЩδ֣ˡ
ħ𡣡
˵Լݣʱǵ𺳡
һֻڴ˵֮гֵǿߣħǱܹ˼ħ̫ھԶ׷ݵֻشոճֵǸʵ̫ǿǰڻԻͣѾûʱĳ֮С
˶û뵽˾ȻħǸңԶĹȥѾ޵еǿߡ
ħɨ˵ɫлǱȽģЩδ֣Ȼ
ֻȴǳǰЩ˵̬ȣʵ㲻ʲôҪֻһǾǸ̫ӡ
һУʵԲ
ԷԼ֮û¶κɫħһʱף˶˲ãĻԼ֮󣬻ֱ֡
֮еˣܶƾõĴУҲ֪ħˡ֮䣬йν֡
ھԵս棬ѹ棬ȴұ棬ΪģսǶ
治ܲԼˣԼĵӣǶԷȻֵƽֻһֿܣǾǹŷѹͲݣһսһİա
֪ŷͲĵӣû˵ħһˡȻŷܹ˵ı֮пħݲⲢʲôŷԼʵǷǳŵġ
òƺӣΣֻƬĺҶ׷ɱ㣬һʱӵˣҲûκôһᱻҵġŷ絭˵ĿɿڴȻвħ˶ãԼǲˣ
м˸Һħ˵οвˡ
󵨣˶Դϡͫŭǳŷ硣
Ӹҹһȥû顣ŷǳһһ㽫ͫôҲһǿߣȻӣҹŷ绹˲м
ħĻ֪ԼԲǹŷĶ֣Ѿȥˡ
ʹˣҲһ䣬ɱڣŹŷ磬Ҫһ
νϣ㿼ǺûУŷ罫ĿͶϣǻŵЦ⡣
ҿǺˣԣҾɱ㡣ħɫ䣬˵Ļһ䣬һɿµɱⱬֻش
Ǳɫ̫ˣʹǵļҲδϡ
ħʵֻش򣬼ʹ޵ˣҲٰɡľ̫ǿƵǰ棬Щ˲ұ֤Լ᲻еͷߵĳ嶯
ŷ絭һЦֶħţʱһϢת׼óʵˡ
ʹݱ¶ŷҲνֻҪܶԷõֻƬڹŷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
¶ݣҲкܶ鷳鷳վֻ鷳ܶ˺ġ
˶ţƾ졣˶ˣǿ˽ͫʱ޷վԭأͣĺˣɫȻʱԼ֮Ĳࡣŷ񣬸𺳣СȻĿԺ档
ڣѪͷ̣ᴩֻش


2200 ³
ԶӰעһ˺Ȼܶء
վһˣһһħϢĿ󺺣ܶصɫ֮УЩɲ
˲Ǳˣܼħ峤ܼ֮Уλȴ֮ܶ¡ֻħ峤ܼܶҵ峤
峤ϵƣǸħ峤ڣСѯʡ
ڳ˶ʲôˣȻܹļһۣԷеľȣѵܶˣô֪
ܹһ޵пƣ϶򵥣Ӧˣ޷ƲŶԡ
ˡ
ܶģȴЦħ峤˼ԣ˵Ϣ͸¶ȥ峤϶Ҫ̽ܶδȬĻ϶¶ڡ
ֻǺȻħ峤ʧˡܵܶϴǿϢʱϵķ̽ͷ
ЦܶӣôҲ˵ӡ
ˣħ峤һҲܵܶصĲʱ˵ˡ
ģһС˼Ҫһ¶⣬ħһЩԽԽֲˡ˵һӢˣòͺеƣǺҵļ
ɫأħɫǺܺÿ
ħ峤Ļ˵ͷ˵ڵʵǺһӲĻûоԵİܹѹ
ǸСôĽĿͶһˣһŮӣһ㱡ɴĵʻŮЦһָоħҪԸͷ󱲵Ķ֡
˻һ˽Ծû뵽ŮӶԹŷۣȻߵز
˵ǼһĵӡһɫЦ˵
ɫ΢΢һЦҶǸϼһƫܹ̳ĵӣˡݲô򵥡
ȷʵȻжǴСĹӦòʹöҲ˵Ͳĵӣ֮Уǿһǧ꣬˭һ޼ɵðǼһĵӣȻͲ鷳һ˵ڽ֮УŮǴӦһӡ
ǲɽʯƣǼ֮УΪصһû˿ʯƵݣ֪ʲôӡ
ʯƵǿȴӹɵģȻ˵УҲ֣ʹЩģǾܶضòϣԼǺʯһսʤʲ㡣
һҪֻƬҲµˡͻȻҧгݵ˵
ܶһ֪ãŷǱסˡ
ۡ
ʯƿ³һƺ΢Ķ˼£ȻҲԲǺƽ
⣬ҲֻоۣŻеҪֻƬҲֻоۣܹڼ̵ʱ֮ڣܶƻָһ鶼ûСĿ⿴ܶһۣﵭ˵
Ļʱ˶Ŀ⼯ܶصϡ
ܶؿЦɵ˼ûκΣֱӵͷˡ
̫ܶͿˣֻƬıֻƬߣֻش˵һ޴ʧѵԸֻش˵У˵
ҪֻƬҲûãǵУҲûֻƬŷܹҵԼֻͣشܵʧûʲôȻϵɡܶҲɵӣöԷԼͷϣƽķ˺һֻۣ֪ƬǷǳִŵģɳˣǰ磬ǿҪֻƬ
Ȼ˵³ҲǷǳҵģֱӱɱúҶ档
ҲУֻش֮еĵĶӦֻشʿģҪһߡЦ
ֱܶӲ˵ˣȻףԼ˵ʲôҵɷͲ˵ˡ
ܶز˵֮һ˿⣬Źŷ磬Щȵ˵ֻƬһҪȫõֱ֣ӵ˼ս۹ŷ˻Ӯˣǿ϶ܾˣʱó֡
ܶüͷһ壬û뵽Ȼ⡣
Ҫ֪ŷڵסħҲǾ˺ҵӵܣǺȴһ㶼мƹŷ磬ֱЦ
ĵĿ˺һۣܶû˵
ǷƲƲ죬ֱһ䣺޳Сˡ
ɫһǲһЦǳ򶨵˵ǳɴ߲СڣΪֻشҲò²ˡ


2201 
ܶĿһ˵жϣΪʱ磬δؾǾۣҲĵӡ
ЩȵĿܶһۣѵԼĲ´ˣܶǼ֮УǱȽϴģһ㶼͸
㲻Ϳ˰ɣЩȵʵ
һЦܶû˵ֻȴתԼҪôܹסŷ硣֤ʵǾۣܿ壬ܼħ峤ŷ缴ʹҲ벻ǵĶ֡
˳ͻȻ˵
ɫһĶŷʵʲô˼Ҫԣ
ѵ˵ĻҾҪ̫Լ˰ɣҲ֪ǲʲôݣڵסħ𣬵ھĴˣĴܼȻǺˣǶ𱨵飬һһЦ
ɽҲ֡ʯƿڣ˵Լľ
ܶҲ֣ΪģµҲǣ˻ˣһ䣬ңԲʲôݣܶصĶˣұ㲻ֺԡܶص˵
ʵо仰û˵˭Ҫ˺ŷĻ϶ְŷ硣ֻֻܹУֻҪоûϣԼһ˶Ը˹ŷ磬ҲͲᶯǸͷˡ
ĻܶҲõﺫ
ǵ󣬺ҪֵĻֻܶ˺ˡ
Ĵ壬Ҳûٹìܣìһ㣬Ҳν
˵Ļɫѿû뵽˾Ȼ뷨ȫ֡
һ˵ĻǹŷʧȥսȻĻĲҳ֣һԺħֵǿڣʹˣҲұ֤ԼܹȵĽԷ£һʧܣء
վŹŷˡ
ʱ˵ơһµĵزħһħӰ֣޴ޱȣߣһǺӣֻǹķ˿֮䣬ԵСޱȡ
ضݲһ̫ˡ
ħپ졣
ħĶƾ󣬺ɨ֪ǿߣ󣬶̲ס
ŷƽվƾ죬סϣͬʱǿϢͣƺԶﲻһ
ʱ䣬ħɫˣܵ޴ѹԥħپ죬ȭͷһ֮һȭ¡
һȭµ˼㣬Ǻӻ𣬴綼飬𶯣ڲܲסϣһȭ£ѹ죬Žδ𶯡޾Ǻϣ֮к£Яſ񱩵ܣҪŷ˺顣
ǿµһĻãã󣬵ȴһȭͷߵ㲻һȭ
Сġ̲ס
Сİ񶯶̲סһֲһȭǿľܵһֿµܣֵܵ
¶ĵɫǰ̫ӣܲܽӵסһȭûκġ
ͫǴЦ˵⣬ϣǾùŷˣûһᣬмܹ֣Ҳǰ̫ӵʵϳֵʸ񣬵ȴԲϵĶ֡
ħ𣬽ͫһäĿεĸо
ŷЦԷǿƣȴûиоͬһȭϼ£ڵѪڱŽ⣬һС
ħȭͷ͹ŷȭͷȫɱǴʱȴײһ

һ죬Žδ·ͣˣȻ󱩶ǿ˺һУطȫٵˡ
֮Ļǣ½ȫ飬ĩʧ֮䡣ʿ쾳۷֮£ֱȫһ˶ûӹȥ
ͻͬ˵ĳǳػкüȻ㹻ľ룬ǻǱֹ򣬴ʱȫ
ʹ쾳۷壬ҲǴڿѪһɫãȻ֪ʲô顣
ֻһЩ޵У֪Ķδ̫ܵصƣߵȴ˾塣
䡣
ײĵطըȫɳȥŷһֱӣɱ
ħһѪŵĿ˹ŷһۣȻͫǣ˲뿪
ŷ糤Хһֻ֣Ҫضǵȥ·ħʵȻһĸ޵ܹȵģҪߣŷ綼סһһʧ˲ȫˡ
ŷɫ䲻ÿ˽֣Ȼôˣû뵽ģվȻһЩˣֻƬûе֣гһŭ
쵰ǻʲô˶ˡŷͻȻһ


2202 ջ
ŷĺЩ֣ŷں˭˵
Ǳˣһɴ۾¶˼ɫΪǿԼļһɫվ˷ɴ棬ʯƿ֮⣬ܶصɫҲ쳣Ρ
ǿ˰ɣħߣùĻǣǻ쵰ҵ鷳Լһ߿ȥɡŷЦĿɨЩ
һ𣬱ŷһ˵Ҫŭ뵽ŷղŵı֣ǵĽͱˡ
ңڹŷ˵ĻҲǳڣһֵĻǵİסħԲʲô⣬ڵǺˣŷ˵ĲħߣùĻǡ
Ϊǰǹŷ绹̫ӣվֻش֮еˣҪ뿪ʵħǳԱ˳ŵģ϶ȥ鷳ˡʱҪùˣԼǿ϶ΪħĳͲ
Ĵ壬ϣûܹħǿߡ
׼񡣡񶯺ǳ⡣
һȥŷ粻ˬˣúϻֱӵһָ񶯺ɳȥ˲֪Զ
ҲҪǳŷһЩˣֱӱͣǾֵĶŹŷ磬һҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
Ųɽ棬ֱһָɽĵӵɳȥһӶûиԷ
ǣʹʯƣʲôû˵ƽվ⻪֣ʲô
̫ϢŭܶؿЦ˵
Ҷ˵ˣΪһ峤ȻһʲôħҪҵĻģȫҹٲŷԵ˵
ħ峤ŷĻǺݺݵĳ鴤£ȭͷսվʲô˵
ЦǰһԴŭںţĻڸԼ鷳ħ峤кԼ˵ĻһԲݺݵĽѵԼһ١
뵽ӱֳĬˡ
ӣŷиӷꡣ
ںҪйȴû˸ᣬһֻƬǰ֣ȴˣŷбˡ
Ҳ֪ħ𲻿ˣʹԼˣҲΪԼкԲǹŷĶ֡
Ļֻйŷȥһ֮УҪҵħĸ֣ڳ˵Ρ
ܶؿЦҡҡͷû˵
ȻϣĳȴǺӲ֮˵ʹȻҪȻĻҲĿͬЩɢޣԷ
׼˵ҸסЩĿ˹ŷһۡ
СѾͷҲһȥ˵ĻСҴƨɡŷû˵
Ŀɿڴ뵽۵磬ֱӲ˵ˣЦĻûŵıȽϺãܶʱܹ˵
Ҫǵô˵棬ŷƨɣǲĶء
һߺҲ֪˵Щʲôǿ϶򲻹ŷģ˵ֻܹŷĳͲ
ܲƽһ㣬ħߣҲܵǣֹһüͷվһ˵
ŷֱӻһֻ֣һץס˺顣
龪ҪȥȴָãŷʵԶԶ֮ϡֱץסһ㷴ӦĻᶼûС
Ҫʲôʧɫ
ڴʱŷֱһƳںСƨ档

龪һ˵ı鶼ˣԴһƬհףһﾹȻô˵ǰԼСƨƨ
ӦҪˣԺôˣպҪΪֻشЦͻˡ
ΧЩҲסˣû뵽̫ӸղŻвһֻ˫ޣȴֱӶֱ֣ӴһһǺ飬ΪǿŮˣǰĴڡ
ֱһ¶ҵɫҺԼղŷӦ죬ûƹŷ磬ȻĻڱСƨɵˣԻˡ
ڵЩм飬Ŀ϶Լ
ҪˣɫļҪγˮˡ
ˡſá˵
ŷûֱһƳɫ࣬ĶŹŷ磬֮еŭ𣬼Ҫѹŷһ
̫ӣ̫ˡŭ
ɱȻݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪһ
ղŲ˵Ǿ𣿻ҪҺħܾˣȻҳ֣ʲôֻƬֻشеı㲻ֻܹƬ˵Уô̫ˣⲻķɡŷЦ
ŷĻ¶𾪵ɫǸղŵ̸ص˼㣬ô֪ġ


2203 Ů
֮¶ȻɫֲһԼԭڱԼĸ硣ֻĻԺôˡ
Ȼ˽ˣǺŷ֮УȻŭ
ŷȴû⺫ɫźЦȻҷѣǾͳְɣأ˵
˵˵Ƕˣ˵ɡ
ǰ˵Ǿۻ̫ӣȻһˣԼǸҶֵĹԷԲɵԼ
ֲɵȻ顣
ߡ
һû˵
ͷڹꡣŷƲƲ죬Ȼ󽫺ŵˡ
ָɣֱһŷϳ˹ȥ
ŷһİƣЦŮˣȻϧ񣬵ǲһԸŮ˳ҰƵˡ
һ쵰ŭ
˵Ĳŷͷһν
޳ܡˡ
ŷһЦû˵һĴ˵ǰĸˣݣҺ롣
һˣҲˣƤȲԷͲ˵ˣܸǲŷ磬Ҫʲô֪ɶ
ΣֻܹЦһǽʵˡ
ҵ˸ߡ˵
ŷ翴һۣһεûеĻҲȥ˲٣ղŻ˺ƨɣȻҪ˼һӡ
˵ˣҲԼϴ뿪
˹ŷһ˼ӣĵʵָô
üˡŷֱ˵
һ˵꣬һЦòƽԼﻰ˵˳
ɫǡŹŷ磬ƲƲ˵һ䡣
ŷͻȻĿⶢ˸̹һ̲ס˼ȻһĶŹŷ磬СʵҪʲô
һ裬ȻǵĹŷղŶԴ顣ȻѾˣȻɬûˡ
İɣ㳤̫ˣҲôġ˰죬ŷͻȻ³Ļ
ɱ㡣ţֱŷ˹ȥ
ŷЦԶ˹ȥ
Ц֣ܶصоһЦ˵˻ͦġ
ҲЦſţܶصĻ̲֮סɴ۾Լĸףһ˵ӡ
ʲôһ飿ܶüͷ΢΢һ塣
ȿȣֲǲ֪ǼһжŮˣøⲻǽ𣿡Цõ˵
ŷʺֵܣǲʺˣΪŮʵ̫ˣһǾɫʹԼվǵǰ¶̫йʡ
ŷӵڴ̡ܶǿߣĽŷ޸ǿŮӣõһˣοȫ£ߡ
б£бµĻҲŮ˻ܶغȻɫһЩ˵
һֱҪһӣЩٶȵǲŮ֮棬ȴûһչ
óûԸǺܶŮˣҪһĶ棬ܶص˲֪꣬ûеȵһӣɴ˿֪飬϶òȥ
ֻҪһᵽ飬ܶؾҪ
ȿȣ鲻żҲ֪磬Ҫģǵ̫ˣûбҪôļġЦ˵
ԼĸһֱԼⷽв棬Ů˵⣬ֱǸԼҲʹ졣
Ҳ㣬ʮ֮ڣҪҵӳ֣ȻĻͲûܼҵˣҲĸסܶضݺݵ˵һ¶ˡ
ܶصĻĿɿڴЩЦãôԼƽȥˡʮʱ䣬Ǹһ꣬ҲδػһԼϲŮˡ
뿪ڷܶǳŭǳıֳĬʱܶأԲܴ̼ˡ
ܼҪŮ˵ĻҵǿΪǽһ£֪֮ȱٵľŮˣЩŮһǳˣΪŮᶪɵˡͻȻЦ˵ܶأֱ˵
Ůܹܼң˵һ¡ֻش壬ܼҵıӻһǰȫ˲١
ȴûаնԷͬ⣬ϾܼҸ߸ϣܹϵˣҲֻĴ֮еŮ˰ɡ
ϣܶ۾һϲ˵̫ˣҲҪ࣬С
û⡣һϲϽƱ
Ůһһתӵĳ嶯


2204 Ҫ
Ҫ˵Щʲôǵܶɫֱӱͣһ仰˵
ЦӣҪǸ˵һ֣³һǳҡ
аԹޱȣȴʲô˵
еϣԼĸֻ˵˵ѣ
ǣȻʧˡֱܶŷ纰һһ¡
Լĸҹŷ磬Ҳͣ׷Щ޵ĸڹŷߣ
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ҪΪҵĶŮˣ˵԰æŮ۴ӦҵĶһˡܶЦ˵Ե÷ǳˡ
վһߣЩεĿ˹ŷһۣŷʹɫҪӦ
ŷһ㶣Ȼȵ˵Ǻ°ôʮô
ŷĻû˵ʲôأȴͷˣЩε˵ȿȣʮе̫ˣԱȻ٣ûлŮȴҲ̫࣬ǷǳǿδܹסʮŮ
⵹ҲǡŷͬС
֮УŮӣȻ֪һ㡣
Ǿɣ˸࣬ҲԳ֮ҵǾãܼǻδſҲȥŮףӦúԸġŷЦ˵תﲻ˼ҪܼҳϹϵĻʹ岻Ҳܼܵҵıӻ
˵ȻһõĽȻˣŷ˳ˮۣܼҵĹϵһ㡣
Ͼŷ粻֮еˣ֮䣬ȷʵԨԴ֮е壬ݴ˵ӦͬһԴԹŷҲҪΪ֮еһʲô
ϣܼҺ޼𣿡ܶŹŷ磬ʵ
Ӧ֪ģԭҵϣÿһ壬ܹúܺãȻЩΪеˣ壬ҪǳΪҵĵˣҲֱնɱġŷףƽ˵
Ȼظ֮ˣΪԷĳһ壬ͻԱĺãһǲܵĶʹԷ壬ҲҪ
ղܶصĻʵҲҪŷһ̬ȣǹŷͷĻǺֻشˣҲں͹ŷ۽ˡܼ˵аһһǿԮպܼҲһ·
Ͼ֮УûĴУһУΪĳԭ֮ܵһЩѣǿһҲˣû䵽˸̾ĵز
絶ն콾֮Уĥһж
޵пƲֱ࣬ڣڵĸ޵Ум𣿴Ϊԭµĳ֮С
ˣҿȫֻش壬ȫҳˡͻȻڣŹŷ磬ĿȣҲףһλᣬֻҪסˣ˴ɽպֻش彫ܵʲôв
ܼңǹŷ磬Աӻһ
ȥһ壬ԣҵԸܼҵĹϵܡŷ絭һЦ˾
ãСȥѡܼһΪܳ꣬ǰ壬ҵԼİ£һҪס׼̬ܼԺһҡֱܶ˵һԥûС
ǡһҲ֪ĻԼӲȥˡ
а̾һǻҪ
֮е꣬û˱˽⣬ȻҪѡˣܹùŷ⡣
ΪղѾ̬Աֻ֤ش֮е壬ڹŷ磬ֻش֮е壬ԺǹŷˣǺ;ȣܼҲռƣҪ㹻̬ȡ
ܼҪˣŷһѣһΪУνܼҾһ·ȫһġ
ԶԣܼһЩԣֻҪԱЩһֱҺ·
˭ܼȻǿ󣬵ǷδؾǶʵҲЩǣԺУΪĳЩѣ壬Ҫ
ŷĳ֣ܶؿϣĴУҲ𣬵վǿߣһ죬ų棬֮Զˡ
ˣŷı֣Ѿʸ񱻵ǿˡʹҪɱҲܡ
ŷǾ͵ܿ죬һЩ˻ȫһɰµ̬
ǵŷ֮ЩȫɫһͣԼİ
кԼںܶǰԸ߰ǾǰСۣһ档


2205 
Щ˶ܼҵһЩſȻңǾţպĳɾδزҡܡ
Ȼܼһ֮еһ㶼߰ԼֵܣƳ硣
ŷ翴һۣȻͷȻҲˣЩһЩǳǱǿߣߵһû֪
ǲɷϣЩ˶Ž޵еʸ񣬾콾˽ܡ
Կܼҵ̬ȣĺܳϿҡʹ岻ܹŷƿأԴӦܼҽˡ
һѣǺܶеѡ
߰ɣȥŵģǲǿòܹһҲǿǣҲܹǰֻش֮е塣ŷɨһۣڶ
ЩĴ壬ˣͳͻ
İۣԲᷢġһ꼤˵ĳ˷ܣ˸ſɫ
ЩŮãһǹɫ㣬Ҽôȥ۸ǣ۰ˣҪܹҵһ˳Ϊ£ֱĸ֡һСӣ೬ɰǲŸոճһۣ۾ģʱȴޱڴ˵һɫǵӡ
ŷŹ֣СӣЩʱЩɣԼǲǴˣôⶼһȺɫǣȥ壬òǻȺŮɡ
һ˷ܣЩܼӵ̬ܵȣһ֪Լ飬Ҫɹˡ
ȥɡŷ˵ȻҪһȥģʱֻƬ䲻ˣֻеߣһҲܹҵħԹŷڵνȥ
ңҲħĻֻش֮УһߣʱѰֻƬһ¡
һȺˣһʮХǰ
⽫ɢŵùǺϾһȺǿߣж˭Ҳ֪ҪʲôЩ˷ɹȥûͣʱǲһ
ͬʱܶк棬Щ˵Ҫʲô
ϣѾ뿪ڹŷ缸뿪ʱһħ㱨ǶһС֮УסϢŷ綼Ҳ
ħֶΣŷȻܹսħ𣬵ҪҵȴǺס
ħһȴɫ˵ͷ˵ҪȥǸһܹоʵѾﵽ˰벽ѵľ磬ҲǶ֡
˵ĺƽȴڳ˶ȻЩ˶Ǵףȴ̲סһϸһϸܵĺˮ
սﵽ˰벽ѣǵҪǿ󣬹ֲþȻǿơ
϶ĵӡͫ˵ɫѿ
Ȼǣֻǲ֪һˣ̵ܹһǿĺ󱲣ϣҵǸܵһϤϢѪ֮еĴСħо˸
һһ
սʻϱ˿˵ĺֻôӣħͷȻǵֶΣҲӵġ
ֻǣԲʵͲܣϼһＴʹҪˣҲ顣
ǹŷ֪ʱħǲսʺϱĽᾧԻĿɿڴȻߣֱӹħ
˰죬Ҳûףħ´һЩ׳ȥһ£˽һڵ״
ڹŷ磬Ǹϵ򣬵һɽ֮ϣɵĳ棬˶̲סˡ
һ磬ǼʥĴڣȻֻش֮Ҳһʹ壬Ǻǿƣԣɵĳ棬Ҷǳ𺳡
ֻش֮УȻĴĵǲһֱѹƣȴδ壬ΪģΪ崫صĳܵرӻɱǣǵ꣬һĻǸպҲʲô³
Ȼֻһ翵Ĵ˵վûԸ׳ԣֻش֮е壬ܹĴļз֮档
ȻĻڵѾˡ
Ȼĺ𺳣ǹŷҲ֣Щʵĺǿ߲쾳۷壬޵һûп
˹Щһ£ȻͷǿĽ˹һɻĿһۣϣܵһϤϢǿֻȴûݡ
˭Ϊ򣿡һͷѯʣȻһŮһȺ֮Уǿģ쾳۷徳磬޵УʵҲԶˡ
ֻǴʱ޴֮УЩǣΪĸоһȺ˵ǿǶԷеĻ군ˣԵסȺˡ


2206 ߹
ŷû˵ǽĿҪվˣȻĻԼ˵ĻȺҲš
СѾͷ嶼ʶˡվ˳۾Щ졣
ͷϴһ˿ɫЩʡЩΪҪһֱδ壬¶Ϊˡˣһһˣλ᲻
壿۾֮¶һ˿ãȻ岻ȴѾˣ׵ʱ򣬱Ĵɱﻹб塣
ãȻû˵ֱڿնһӴ֣أһӴЯϰء
ͨâʥޱȣһߵơ
ǣ塣ͻȻɴ۾˼㣬ϳˡ
ֻش֮е壬ֻһһôǿģ˭
壬걻ɢ޵ϣֻվûа취죬ձɱˡ屯ʹ˼㣬ȴʲôУֻǰ԰̾ǵߵ䡣
û뵽¹ȥˣѾߣȻعˣȻôǿ壬գ̲סĵĳ
еȫڳХƣǱһֳͷ
ǸֶŮĽҲһڰݼǵߣĹ
һĻŷЦˣ˵ĲȻ¹ȥˣȺȻϵ
ĻֻҪЩȫҳԼ
ʵϣŷȺҳԼ񣬲Ǻ⣬ֻҪҳԼˡЩҳŷҲȺ
һأԲȫܵˡ
һЩȺ𺳣ɫȻ
ϢһθܵϢںܾ֮ǰΪ޵еʱѵֳһ
Բ϶һһ찡ֳһǿߡ
ܶȺɫĽȻҲЩֻǲ˵һ¡
һһѾĴŭ˺ֻǶԷûǿǲûж֡Ǵʱֳһ϶Ĵ񾭣ʱ˵Ĵֱ֣塣
кϷˡ
ΪһܹˣĻǾʹˣǺһ˵һιֻش֮оûˡ
״
Ĵһֱ˶ߵ״ܵϢɫ΢䡣
һͷصĺȻһͷǻоǻġһ޵Цܹܵǿʵ֮ϡ
ȻǿĴڣǸͻƾܹﵽģһͷҲСȻ츳ǿܹߵһ飬˹ŷı̬֮⣬һͨġ
ߣǰ򣬿ǵ״ʲôһǿЦڷҵǿߡ
ɽĴУҲǿжֱӸ
һħƵǿߣܼħЦһֱӸ˹
ǿߣҲжĴ壬ÿһ֮УһȺǿפΪľǷֹǿ߳֡
죬Ҳǿ߳
ʱٴλγΪһߣվĤݣи̾޾£Լڻˡ
ͷΣΪһɫս۵Ůӣò˫ͬʱһϣǴʱȴ˹ȥ
塣
ŮЩҭ˵ļ
ı̾Ϣ˵֪ˣѾΪ峤Ĵ֮£ܺãҺο
Ȼ˵ȴûһ˵ɫ
Ϊк峤֮ŵ˵εģԼֶŮΪ峤Ҳ˵һˣӦѾˡ
ȻĻֲ峤
壬ķǳǿ󣬲һ֣вǿֵ֣߳ܽһȫ쾳۷壬ųΪ޵еĿܣԶԶڵ鳤Ҫǿ
ǺȻȫˣһûʣ¡
ĸ׻岮ǣɱˣֻʣһСޱΪ峤Ůӽͣ۾֮޵ɫ
ͬʱЩХ壬ȫĬˣ뵽˵飬һĺ⡣
Ĵֵģһ⡣
ǡϣСޱȻһ֮Ľ͡


2207 ŭ
΢΢ЩȣĴ֣˭Ϊ塣¶ɻɫԼֶŮ
ΧЩ壬塢塢ͷ廹й塣Сޱҧгݵ˵ᵽ壬޵
ʵϣĴ嶼ǳƣΪ壬ȻʵǿֻǼأδҪǡ
ȻʱһվûĴȺȴΪ֮Уȱٸ޵еǿߣЩͣƣɱ˲֡
Сޱ岮һˣȫĴȺУңǳ֣ԽԽСǿˣֻСޱ
쵰
쳤ХӴϯ˻ģŭâ춯أ֮ڵ飬ȫֲ̿
ʵǼǿģʹڸ޵֮Уǿߡոջָս⼸죬ܼ֮У˲ٶΪȻѾԽǰ
ʱŭɽʧɫɣŵĺɽ𶯣غڻӦŭ
Ұһ𣬴һħԡ
ڵĴֺѹ䣬ǿޱȣȻҪֱĨɱ
󵨡
ɫŭһͬ̽һֻֻ֣ײһ
ҡضֱֻһѪ⣬һŭĺһһħԵӳ֣֮⣬ݺݵĶ·ˣ˭ң𣿡
ӷǳŭ֪·϶и֣ʵԼ֮ϣ޾壬Ϊǰˡݣֻش֮УҲ˵ڶԼɱ֡
ܼ֮ˣңʮ㶼Ҫ֮жû֮ءǸܼħǿǿƵ˵
⵱ȻǴ꣬ҲžԵţֻش֮Уܼҵʸ˵ֻ
ΪԼţʱһӱһƣݺݵĳա
ž
һӣˣΪܼҵǿߣʲôʱܵЩʹΪ֮ϵˣҲ֡
ϾĴ֮е˲裬֮䣬ҲᷢìܣϿǳ
ҵ֪ܼҵĵ׻ô䵽˼㣬ҪˣҪ͹ŷΪѣǴʱԼܼҳԱ֣βջ
ܼȻħվΪҲܼҵʹħ峤λҲһ֮ϣοֻħһǿˡ
ңܼһὫңóҪþ𣬽ѹǧꡣǸħǿԹ˵֪Լˡ
˶ɫŹ֣ŷ̲סһۣˣһ磬
˵ݣ޼ɵĳ֣ʵѹħǿߣͲӦԽƶԷԽ졣
ž
һƳ˹ȥжˣֱһǸħǿߵߣ˵㿴ҵ˭
Ǹħǿ߸ҪŭĻʶľ˵ӹ˭أӵʱ̲ס۾˶һ£
𾪵˵˼Ҫˣô£ô˵ӣеתˡ
û뵽ղųֵˣȻ
Ҷɱ˵
Ǹħǿ߿ɥȻί˵Ҳ֪Բ𡣡
֣̿иǺ¡һܼޱĵλҲħ峤леСҰģħˣȴ˭Ҳ뷨ǶˣǷǳصġ
Ϊ֪ǲܼҵϵ޷ǿ
˼˵ǱˣͿˣЦ
ǶԴɢ޻ΪߵˣȫǳơħΪȫһļһĵУⱾеĲ˲ˣһʱԷӣջ
ǡһ£Ǹħǿ˵Ļֲɵӣе˵뷨Ƿǳ˽ġ
Ȼǵе㲻ΪȻħǿߣȴԲҵ˵߳ϡڱϣҪͬһЩԭ
ҿǵĺأ۵ĶҹһȥֱһŽǸǿߵһߣҲһۣȻߵߣ˵֣ҴǸ쵰ǸͬʱԱ֤ԺԲᷢˡ


2208 㲻͵Ϯ
ͷЦ˵ⲻ㣬֪ܼҵ
ףħһЩȨħ֮еǿߣ϶ܼ֮еģǶδ֪һ㡣ԣͲ
һκܼҽ˵飬ҲˣģҪװǡ
ɡŷͻȻڣһ㣬Ӱ֣ɫĿⶢŹŷ磬Щɲ
˾ԼϢεѾõˣû뵽ȻǱǰ˸ˡǶһۣԷеĲ
òƣһ޷ƿصˡ
ʲôʡ
ǰҲɵĴ壬˹ŷ֮һɵûˣùŷԼˣǰ磬ǿ϶ù
֮е˶֪Ժ֮󣬼ֱһáǸ棬ûѹȣλߵ˺͵λ͵ˣûκ
û˸۸ˣΪǾ۶µĹأ鶼ƽȵģ磬ԵôĲһ㣬֮ͬеһõ
޷ֻشǰ磬֮е˵ҲһõѡҲ˵
ǸոյҵǿüͷЩ⡣
ʵǳǿԽЩɻȻǿߣҲӦǿŶԡ
ûκιϵ򲻻ӭǡһ㶼
ǲɽǷҺͺң֣Щ֮У˲أھȻֻԼֶŮһ֧ţڵѪЩֵܽãȫˣһʣˡ
ĸȺڳ֣ûĬǾԲܵġǣкɫ
ĻҵǸǿߴŭ˵ҺľǵһμһһСС壬Ҳǰ磬
ܲмͬʱЩŭֻһ޵еˣи㲻ʲô
ĻˡںľĴ֮⣬ǿߣһӦūձϥӲŶԣ̬ȣȻе㲻ʡ
׳ա
Ц
ȰϽ뿪վ˳˵
ܼüͷһ壬ľϳݣ΢΢Щ⣬ôߵһˡ
󣬺ľ뵽һֿܣ̲סԣͶܼң
𾪣Ļ˵ԲʲôϢصĳ츳ˣ֮û䵽زĴĴѹѲ˹ϵȻˣǻʱǿߡ
ͶĴһң˵һ޴вΪƾĴκһҵʣڼ̵ʱ֮ڣܶĸ֡
ĻĴͻʧȥƽ⣬õǼңвҵİȫˡ
˵ͶܼˣҪ飬ֻش򣬶Ҫ
ûСҡͷֱӷˡ
úľЩȻǿ߶һۣԷеɻûеĻΪλά塣
ܼңҪˣΪܵѣ빲Բѡ˵
˻һͬǿߵԴ档
ǲ˼ܼҽˣôܣܼҵʵôܿС壬λǽˡ
Ҫ֪˺ͶȫѣƽƽһʵǿСǶǶԵȵġͶͲһˡͶΪܼҵ£ܼܵҵԼ
ǴǶû뵽徹Ȼܼҽˡ
ǲΣľе
ʱһƳϣ˳ȥͬʱŴ˳һѪ֪һ䡣
ľˣ˵ԴǱһͷ޵еײһ˼άֹͣˡ
𣿡㶵ʱһ
ۡ
ľʶ˵
۾ͺãΣҪԼĺͿġǸ𣬴һ˿Ϸʡ
ľ˲ѹˣɴ۾𣬶һˣŭ㾹Ȼ͵Ϯң
ղųֵˣǹŷ磬üͷЩ˵ֻڰλʵ㲻мҾ͵ˣȻ˵͵Ϯ̫ˡ
ŷһ˵ı飬˺ľһۣĵ˵Ҵ㻹Ҫ͵Ϯ𣿡
ľһֲõԤУûüӦһٴνɳȥ
ŷƽһЦ⣬Ķ𣺡ʵ㣬Ҵ㲻͵Ϯ


2209 
ľĿѣŭŹŷ磬ͷȴһִ־壬̫ǿˣͷӦ㱻С
ľһָо˵ʵԶԶԼ֮ϣҪɱԼͶ֮
뵽һ
ʲôˣ飬κ˶ԲֵġɽһŮӣɫ֮Уվһָ߹ʡ
ʱŷ緢ʣһ߸ϵŮһʹŷ硣
ǲɽҲ˵ʲôȻ̬ȣȣɫŭɱѲ񷡣
˵ԳҲڣɱȻ
Ů˸߸ϵ̬ȣ׽ŭˣǿŷԼĶ飬ԼˣȻ̬ȶԴ
ʲôСޱסˣԼˣôܣ
һ˫ӣŹŷ磬Ҫȫ͸һ
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻתСޱգգ۾Сޱһɫ΢죬Ͻƿֻ̲סЩ¶
Լˣ۾ħԣ٣̲סҶӡ
ŷԼϷСŮ̲ס͵Ц
ͽԳ˷ŭŷ絹ûֹ˵ģбһҲҪʵķйһ¡
˵ɽŮЩҲЩɵȻǳ⣬վҳ֡
еǵϣһȴû뵽ȻбǿߡһͷԳʵͲǡοǵˣˣһǿ
˶ϣаʤ
ԣǳ⣬ŮȻŭվҶ֡
Ҫ˵ҪءԳЦֱӳ֡
һ㶼ɵΪйŷɽһʱأԹŷһЩ˽⣬֪Ͳһµˣҷǳ̣Ǿ֣ܶҪʲô飬ŷԽ
Գĳ֣ǽǸɽŮһϽָ񵲣Ǳ˺Զ
ŭֳһŮӣǴʱ۾֮ȫŭһͷɫĳԵ쳣߹󲻷
롣ŷ羪ȣŮӵȻһͷϡе롣롣֮е壬Ǻܳ쳣ϡ٣û뵽ɽһǿߣȻһͷ롣

ŷһȤǽͷԺ棬Լǿ϶ǳϲɡ࣬Ƿǳ޵ģһĸģŷ粻õĻռԼŵıˡ
ǡ
Գ˷ܵ˵Ȼ˿ˣȻûһ㵣ˣȫ֣Ҫ¡
Ҳ֣Ҫģ͸ĸǵŷЩ˷ܵ˵ԼȻûҵֻƬǴһͷȥҲеջɡ
ΧĿɿڴ𾪵Źŷ磬һͷ뵱¹ŷǵһ뷨ġ
֪ŷݵˣȫ̲סиۣ̾Ǻǲһǣ޷ȡ
ǰ˺ΧԷһˡ
볤Х֮ϣ¶ŭݣȻҲ˹ŷĻг˳ĸо
һ˫ɫӣݺݵĶŹŷ磬ǴʱǿΧһˣЩǱ϶һʱŷɵ
ʲôˣҿԼŮˣҪץһŮˡЩ˵
ŷ˳ӣ⾪ôоһɴζС椣ǲŪġ
ɫһ죬װͰ͵ĵ˹ŷһۣû˵˵˵ҲŲϲأΪԴף㡣
ŷɴ۾ȵ˵û˵ϲҰҲû˵Դףѵǲˣ
΢΢һ㶣Ȼɫͨ죬ҧгݵ˵Ҫٺ˵˵Ҿҧ㡣
Сҧءŷĵ˵

ŷ磺
ĥŮˣŷһγϣԼˣСǵĶ֡
ȿȣû˵ŷֱӷһۡ
ۡ
һ̣һԼС죬һίĶŹŷ磬̲סʵǲ𣿡
ŷ磺
Ȼ͵Ϯ˹ŷһ£ֱһҧȥǽܱңһ㱻ĵˡ⻹ǹŷϢҷԼȻĻܹ֮˺
ҺҷӦ죬Ȼˡŷ̲סЩµ˵
һۣЩƣԼҪ͹ŷĽ֮ռˣ²ˡ
ֳһŵһĻоһһĨЦݡ


2210 ׽ס
ŷΣûôңˣ֮ϣȫŭݣǱ˼㡣
ͽԳ֣ǵʵȫѹ룬Ҫ߶ܡ֮һֱûսܣΪʵ㹻ǿ󣬿ԿˣΪŷ˵ˣҪڣҪһ룬һֱûº֣ȻĻͷѾնɱˡ
ʹˣҲסˣѾﵽ˼ޡ
λѣϽæľǺ
ľһηɫһ仰˵˺ü
ҵǿߣǳӢ䣬ʱȴЦһ˵ҽֻ·ûйϵˡ
תߣһ㶼ûͣ
̫ǿˣŷֱ˵ɲ⡣ľʵȴƣһ㷴ӦĻᶼûУǻ֪һϸ֣̫ɵˡ
𣿡ŷ÷ҵǸǿһֹסŲܵĸˡ
ֻҪһᣬܹߣȻǾԲٽôˡ
һ޵ҪӵĻͬ׵ҪɱǷǳѵġ
ϧĳ˵ŷѾһεˣȻδ̤Ǹ磬սȴ˿Ǹ硣
һЦֻһ㣬Ǹǿ߱ҽһ˱֮䡣
ŷվûɱֻǻԪڡ
ԪתѪ⣬Ǹǿɫ԰ףŹŷֱڿһס
ˣղŹŷֻٵǿ߱ѾоˣԷҪҪɱĻԲѣղһֻһ棬ǻҪߵĻǱˡ
ԣԼĴҲʵʵ˻
ľҲӵģһĻ֮ʱʵվһ仰˵ֻŷ֮Уε𾪡
̫ǿˣԶԶеĸ
һĻпɬ֪Լû˻ᣬ϶Ҫ£սȥѾûκϣˡ
ĸˣ˲ҳ֣ҿǸǿߵͱ֣ǳ֣ҲǸǿߵĶֱ֡ӷ˵ֿԳѹ˹ŷߡ
ŷµĴ룬ЩëȻɫŹŷ磬в֪ǰǿߵ׻ôԴ
㲻Ҫǲɽˡ˵ȴ쳣飬ֲɵӣȻܹǰˣûнɽĴС
ҿ̬ȣ˵ݣԲ򵥣Ĵ֮ˡ
ģҲὫôģɰһС룬ǿ϶ϲ㻹ǻָɡŷһָȻ֮Уһͨ嶼ϹС룬ƴСһ쳣
̫Ưˡ̲ס̾۾Źˡ
˹ŷһֹۣȻĿɰˡ
ܸ㣬㱣סǲɽҪ˵Ǹǲŷһۿ˼ֱʳһ⡣
ͣЩˣǲòϹŷ˵ûǸҲס
ҪԼиˣԼлħצģǵŷĻ֮ʱþˣһ̫ˣͲһ
ܹ뵽⣬Է뵽ˣǶϾߵ·
ЩȻɫ֮У¶һԹ
ƢС컯ҪҵĳһԸأ̫ˣҪһաŷ룬˵
ЩëȻҪʲôһֲõԤС
Ҫߵʱ򣬹ŷָһ⣬ûڣֱӽˡ
Ѿ˽ƣֻҪģһҪȰ㻹ʵʵģȸһȥǵŷ絭˵ĻȴĻڲ
֮Щ֪Լˣǰ˿ƣԺĳΪ˵ĳˡ
г˷ߺޣǻΪ뻹һϣǾǵʱʦų֣ȳĻͿԽˡ
ָƽŷﲻ֪뷨һЦֱӽڼͷĶû˿ߡ
ˣ˵˵⡣ŷһУĿľͷҵǸǿߡ
˶һۣȫŹŷ磬Ҫ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ȥǵϴԺ̫ţͬʱҲܼҽˣҲϣ۸壬򻰣ҲĴʲôģŰɡŷ綢ˣ³һ


2211 ɱ
ǿߺͺľ˱ɫǶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ֻش֮Уû˸˵Ļ壬˭˿Ǵʱ̫ӾȻ˵Ļʲôƾ裿
˻֪ŷħʵǿǵļǣԶԣֻܹ˱ܡ
Ǳˣʹħ˵ĻԵЩ԰ףǹŷȴ˵ôȻһ
̫ӣ֣Ϸ顣ľ˵ʱҲ侲뵽˹ŷ׫ݡ
̫ӣϷ飬Ѿֻش򣬼еʿ˵Լݣľҵǿ벻ǲǳء
鲻ͲԶءŷ翴һۣ˵
ߣ̫ӣ֪ʵǿ׻ɱǣǵļ岻裬ղŵӣѾˡľ˵
Ĵ壬߸ϣ裬侲ҸҺ͹ŷԻˣ˵ҲǺǿƣһ㶼˱ܡ
˵ֻûʲôôǸӵĻǿ̽һҵʵóɱңܹܲɱҡŷ絭һЦ֮дǿš
ľ𺳣ܵŷ緢ĵţǲ˵ˡ
Ȼ֪ŷսǹţҲǡ
⻰һľ˵
ȥһ˲ɽ˵벻ҺϲпܵĻһĳҲġŷ絭һЦ˶һۣԷеء̫ӣ޿֣ĴУ
ǿ˹ŷһۣһ仰˵Ȼ˹֣׼뿪
ˣҪˣҹҪȥ֮ǣȥɱҰɣסǸַ˭˭ŷԵ˵
Сޱ۾ˣԼҵˣҲ̫ǿ˰ɣֱвĴ壬飬м˸ҿ̫ӵӣȻ㹻ģһ㶼ĴС
ŷ֮Уһ˿ݣȻͱȹŷ˲֪٣ǴʱСޱȴоԼڹŷǰֱһСһݵŶԷ
ֱŷˣףŷǿƣȫΪ塣ֻҪ磬ܹ֤Ĵڹŷ绹ڵʱ򣬾ԲҶֺǣǰȴǹŷҪѪսȻĴܼҲж壬Բǵϡ
Ĵ忴Ƽǿ󣬵Ĵڣܹûе̣ܻܹսŷĶ֡
лˣҪðˡ˵ɫ֮г˸м
ȻΪȴ㵱ֵܣ֮е˶֪ƽȣȻֵܣҲһΪңȻܷ۸ܡŷ絭˵
жϥлƽԺңҲ򡣡ŷĸ롣
ƽַáЩɻ󣬻ƽвʲôصĶ
ŷһ㣬Ҳʲô˼ǷڱĴ֮еˣȻһ㡣
ȿȣǻƽ˵ˡŷЦϽĿڡ
ŷĻ¶ɫǲŸ߰˶ȵĻڱܹ˵ҵ硣
ŷ纹գһη֣ԭ˳ޣ˱Ť顣
һЦ˵Ƕôʱˣѵǽȥ
ŷӦϽһ֣˵ˣ룬λѣ롣
ŷһĴ֮£һȺǿߣɽȥ
ɽ֮ϣǬ￪һ磬ųƬĹǽһ磬Ȼ֮С
ֱŷȴ׵һλã˶ס
ǿҲ棬ɫйŷ磬μ
̫ˣǵûκϰΪղѾ˹ŷǿƣǿӣֵ׷档
룬ֱв壬ܼҪˣһ㹻ܳʱ䣬Թŷ޵ľˡ
飬˵ģǵȻĻ壬Ҳ䵽һزˡ
쿪ʼұˣҲûбҪвʲôܵΪҲǰ֮ˡŷɨЩһۣ˵ǿȻЩ⣬ǰ壬Ǵ塣


2212 
ŷ磬Ӷ֮ˡŷ絭˵˵Լǰ֮˵ԭ
ЩȻȻ¶һϲɫֲöԷԸԼˣȻŮ
Ҳ֪϶ֻش֮е壬Է⡣
ŷ磬ֺϤСޱЩɻ뵽ʲôһ
ǰҲһֺϤĸоʲôϴһ飬һֶǳҪء̻Ӧ
Ƕָо֣ȴ޷Էݣ˵ϤֻǸ̫أǾηʶĲǸݡ
ֻͷǵֲħԣʶĶҼ
Ǹħǿߵɴ۾Ѿ˹ŷ˭ˡ
ۡһ£³һ֡
䡣
ʱڳȫסˣ𺳣о嶼˷ܵķľη
ۣһ޷ĴڣһĴ档ǧ꣬ȴĳһǿ˼㣬һ붼̲ס
¼춯أһ˵˼㡣
һԺħԹǿߣһ·ɱ۷壬ȻͲ󣬵ȴѾΪ˺ܶʿżеʿֱӶ֣ĤݣԼż񣬸ǵе顣
ڣһ棬ϷҪΪˡûκοܣֻ޾ҡ
ȻΪ壬ܹһ˿أΪ»ˣѾңһ붼̲סҪ
ǾۣСޱ̲סʵ

ŷͷ
ͨ
ǿߣȫ˵ϣŷߵףغˡ
ùŷЩ⣬û뵽еҪ˳ĶˡŷĴǶԷǲԸ⣬ֱͳ壬ԼֻҪľͿˣ壬ǿû뵽ǣԷôȲҪΪˡ
һ㶼⣬̾һЩ壬鸽κǹ̫ˡ
ĴĴѹΧЩȺҲ֣ͣѹ壬Ĵķǳѹ
ع飬ŷҪ˶ã壬ľͻ᳹׵ûˣΪȥ֮еĳʧµĳ֮С
ԣԱ֪ŷֱ֮ûһԥ
ɣҲϲôڡŷ֣
СޱǼǻվһŷ֮г˼
һλҪҵݣһĿģܼҺˣʵҲǺˣԺǾܵˡŷ翴һۣ˵
Էܼʸһܼҽˡ
ǸħǿĿҪ˵Щʲôǵŷֱ֮ӱˣףԼҪǸʱϻľۣ벻ɵԼġ
ֱһ仰˵վһߣԼܼˣȻǿߣǰŷǾۣȻҲû¾͸ɵԼġ
Ȼ֮ǰЩˣǳˣʵǷǳ֡
ŷˣûǩʲôݣֻǿͷˣȴκݶá
ΪǶŶԷΪˣȻΪѣͿ϶ᱳѣպϵһǳܡ
ܼϣ;ۻ壬ΪܵĻѣһ裬һپ٣պ;۵飬ܼҵ顣ı̬˵Լܼҵ̬ȡ
ҵ뷨ҲһҲҪʲôҪ˵ŷЦ˵Ȼʵȴ˵ΪǴĿ˵ġ
һ
͹ŷһۣԷеЦ⡣
һĻɫЩŹ֣ԼһۣȻֹţԼôûҹŮˣòΪϲ˰ɣӣϲ˹ŷһ
뵽һ
ŷɫŹ֣Щɻ󣬵ȴûʣ֪뷨Ļ֪ʲôӵĸо϶ĳ嶯
ǿɶˣرǹŷ磬һȺޡ
һ飬ܼһҪ˵ģҪΪܼ֮еſҵϲİµġŷͻȻЦ˵ĻЩԱһ
Ǳ¶ϲɫܼҵſ䣬ȻίŮĻ֮ĹϵӵܣԺܼҵ׼ˣһݣʹ壬ǵ鷳


2213 Сɰ
һƾСޱ˵
ŷӣƺе˼
ȻټǰףҪԸ׼ǿȣ𣿡ŷֱ˾
ǡСޱǸϽ˵
Ϣȥ֮嶼ˣļһЩ岻Ϊŷ壬ΪܼҵſҪѡŮΪޡ
һЩԣȻܲ쳣ˬ
Ѿ˵ˣһǾҪƽģ˭ҲܹǿȣˣܹһΪһĻǿ϶Ҫ̲סˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷڷԸħǸǿߡ
ҵݣ׼˵ȥȻҪ˵ȥҲ⣬ںԼȥ²⡣ŷ絭˵
ŷĻǸܼħǿߴһսЦŷĻ˵ȥء
ŷݰأ˵ĿֲʵԼĶԼ
ʱֻҪ˵ȥñ˳֣ԼҵֱӾͿһûС
ʶһ㣬Ǹħǿ¶˾ģǴὫŷǾ۵Ϣ˵ȥġ
ˣˣסҽ̫ӡŷǸħǿߵļ뿪
ħǿһ˵ͷֱ뿪
֪ŷ֮ɲ͹ŷʲôӴλȫɱһ·Ѫ̾͵޵
ӦòʲôɣҪҸɵЩġ
ŷ翴һۣɫЩŹ֡
ô۹⿴ҡеëȻ̲סʵ
㵽ǲܼˣôھҪɱˣǵķ񰡡ŷһŹֵ˵
˹ŷһۣû˵Ȼܼҵˣ⻹Ϊ룬κ鷳
ҲֻǲҪ鷳ѣҪ鷳Ż鷳ŷЦ
ŷĻ뵽ŷǿֲʵһͬ
ǸħеļһǧҪŷ˵ȥȻĻֻشҪһ
֮ǰŷȻ壬Ҳ֣ǲģ֪ŷ֮ȴδزģΪŷǿ߶ĶǾֻƬһ۶ǿˣҪõĺö
ˣ㿴λŷͻȻʵ
һ£ɫЩ죬ԥһ£ͣû˵
СޱŷͻȻڣ۾ɴ͵һ𣬡ô֪ģ̲סʵ
ŷƲƲ죬Щм˵㿴˼ҹ۾ֱˣֻҪɵӶ֪ʲôû뵽㻹ͦؿζȻϲ㡣
˵˵Ų㣬ҸоһСɰʵ̫ɰˡ۾Ź⣬һɫǵӡ
ҪܶؿһĻ϶Ŀɿڴ⻹ԼǸһ̫ϲŮ˵ĶᵽһŮˣȻ˷ܡ
֪һĻ϶׵ġ
ӮˡŷһȴһƻЦôܿŷ˵һŮ㣬;Բࡣ
֮СޱֵôɣΪģΪСޱ˵ǵĵλ̫ˣСޱԵɣһСɰǺȻһСɰͳģҲôǵ֮£ܹȵĴ֮С
ǺһĻδܹѹƵסСޱ
Ȼŷ粻ȻΪǾԵСޱһСɰɣڴһΡ
ãֱҵ˹ŷ磬֣ĨɱĴȺ
û⣬Һһ⡣ŷ絭һЦ
ûһ飬£ĸȺĨƽи޵гҲŷɱһʣ¡
һٶסˡԲﶼ֪һϢյع飬׷һǿˣ˳֣ĨɱֵĴȺ
ʹ޵Уס˵һֱӱĨɱ
𺳣ܶ˶̲סоηĶķ
Ǹ̫ӣ⣬֮ĵӣǰձսħʵǿ˺˵ĵزϢס˺ܶˡ
ǹŷ⣬ǿħ繫ϵǿߣȻǹŷĶ֣ǿ̫ǿˡ
úֻܶشеǿߣ˾ηΪ֮е֮Ǿ͸߿ʿһۣʱǾη˼㡣
ͬʱ̫֣Ҳ𣬳Ϊһ⡣


2214 ۷׷
ͬʱܼҽ˵ϢҲ˳ȥס˺ܶˡ
˭Ҳû뵽徹Ȼܼҽˡеʿǳ⣬ǿӦܼշŶԣȴΪѵĹϵʵе˼ϾʵأͲܼҡǸûʸΪΪܼҵѡ
һжΪ̫ӣ̫ˣҲܼҺˣʵǺ̫ӽˡ˵ĵʵ
˵ˣ̫壬ͬʱúҺͲɽзһǲɱԼҪǰ֮ǣﶯ֡һϢȥ
죬Ǹ̫Ҳ̫˰ɣʵǿܹ塣Щ˳ţһ𺳡
Ҳˣ˵˲˵ѣ˵һʵЩ˶һۣԷе𺳡
кϷˡɢֻ
Ĵô꣬˿Ƶסˣ̫ӣҿһʿ˵
㿴иëã˼ҵʵò㿴áԱһʿм˵
á
̸ۣڹŷ磬һһͷϷŮӣΪ紷ʱһСϱһСޱߣһʹŵĸоùŷЦ˼㡣
һﲻͣĻֱȥ׷СޱҲǷǳԵģСޱȷʵСɰǹŷе㣬żʱ䣬Ѿѱķˡ
ҪܶؿԼӣ֪᲻ĿɿڴȻҪѪֻȥҼϱΪһġ
ô˵ǽˣȻûҵŮһСޱȻ㹻ܵˡСޱк£СޱЩֵʵ
ŷһûĻǸͲǵģԼжһڵӡ
Ҫ뿪ˡŷ˵
˻һСޱһȻ֪ŷν뿪Ҫȥ֮ǣ뵽ŷҪǿߣûе
ſ帴˵ϣͻȻˡ
ԲȥҪ֪ʵֻҪʵײҲ޷κСޱԥһ£վ˵
ŷͷʾСޱ˵ĲСޱһֻҪ岻ԼǺС
һ⣬Ҳֻش֮еˣܳԶֻش֮УվҪȥġŷ˵
СޱĬʵ붼ԸһʵǽգվҪˡֻǣȴܳأ뿪Ҫָǰˡ
֪ĵģҪһ飬ˣԺɨȫҵĵ̣ҵ£ǲҪ⣬ȻĻȴǵĽǷǳµĺŷк˵ԼĿġ
һСޱȻףŷΪǣҪȥ֮ǽһսģʵϣΪ֮е壬ȫûбҪΪԹŷʵ壬Ըǣ˭Ҳ˵ܹŷ糹¡
һǿߣӳȥǼµģǶڰʱĻĥһĴҿŷı֣ǿƵ˼㣬˵ֱӺƽȥʵ˵ûʲô˸˵ܹס
ŷǲȥ֮ǣҲɽҲ˵ʲôֱӽ̨ױˣŷ綪һЩ˵ɲˡһŷȴκΣգСޱǾãѡȷġ
㲻
ŷҡͷûнֻ͡ش֮УΪֻƬһֱݷ֪ʲôʱܹҵֻƬŷһָоֻش֮еֻƬӦòֹһ飬ĴУ뻹ֻƬֻ˲֪ˡ
ҪĴ岻ͣĽӴմǵϵõֻƬ
ԹŷƢǳΪѣǲܵģȻˣֻгΪˡԣŷ粻ˣԼĴ㡣
Ƕŷһ㶼⣬ʲôֵëǮ
СޱЦһۣȻֱҪһҪúõıˡ
˰ɣҿɲһʲô⣬һӳûиǶôĲáŷ翴СޱһۣŹֵ˵
ѾˡСޱˣҾյ顣ִڣϾͷ˲һеһ̣ܹ֪
˿ˣСޱȻɬǻ̲סȡ
һߵɴ۾ֱЩţԽǿˣҪкԽѣȴû뵽ԼȻһξˣ׼Ĳ˼顣


2215 ֮
ҪҵݣۣͬʱҲһҽɡŷЦ˵
Ѿȫסˣ֪Լʲô̬Ĳ֪ˡոսһŮӣ֪Ҫˣֱ仯ʵе̫ˣЩӦ
ģ̲סȷһ¡
ǧȷŷЦ˵
Ҫˣɵ˵
׼ȷ˵ʮܹ֮ףҿСޱʮʱ䣬ܹǵĶŮŷЦ˵
۾ٴεɴˣŷ˼Сޱˣǻˣ̥
ҪˣЦ˼ЩãȻվԭء
ŷҡͷ̲ס˵һ䣺ɵСӡ
ת뿪кͽԳˣ˿϶ҪġȻص壬ҲԸŹŷһȻ壬Ҫ˼Ķˡ
ŷȻҲֹǣ˺ܶʱܹ顣
·Ҫȥģȴŷ絲סˡܲͬʱ߹ŷ磬ԼǸҲ£嵨ٴҲܼҵĴСֵġ
ŷȴԼסΪԭ򣬶ΪСޱˣԻһܼңϢܶء
Ҳ֪ԣȻЩģǻ˹ŷĻԸԼ״
ȴڰ뵽ȵ֮һ֮Ѱҹŷ磬Ͼŷ߸ǸŮһҪջŷô죿Ҳǲһ־ᶨǣԼԿסŷ磬ǰŷǵæԣֻǰæ뵽ɫѾȫˡ
ˣùﰡĲ£Щֵʵ
ŷķѾĽޣһ֣һ
ĻŷЦҡҡͷ̾˵Ů̫ˣҲ̣˱ˣѾͷһùûбҪκϽӦиõѡ񡣡
˵ĺ棬뷨ˡ
ʱĹŷϾѾʱˣŮϲʲôΡ
ʵȫûбҪһǿˣ檳ȺһʱϰٸŮˣҪˡԳ̲ס˵
֮ˣʵǷ֣ˣϰٸŮˣһ㶼ϡ档
ЩŮأŷЩ֡
ˣȫ뿪ˣΪȫϵʱûһԸ£ȫ뿪Ц˵
ŷϰٸŮˣûһģҲ޻˵ˡ
ӣȻǱ˺ĹǺļȻû˵ǺȻڹ
ǰˣ˵ˡ¶Цݡ
ŷͷǰУХأǿߣֱ֮ǡ
һΰĳǳسڹŷǰʱ򣬼ʹ̲סһ¡ǳأȻȫǺһſǳɣվڳ֮£С˼㡣
֮ĸ֣һϵϣʹŷ翴һۣһҪĸоѹⲻĵˣҲδػʲôô
ĸ˭дģŷ絹֮ǵĸֲȤ
֪˵һԶǿдǸ˲ˣǳ֮ǣ̻ϲķģ֮ٲ࣬һֱΪֹûܹ֮ǡҡҡͷ͵ЩǺ˽⣬֪ĶҲֻֻش֮еĳʶˡ
ŷͷ֮ĸ֣񶼻ᶼӰ쵽һ磬ɴ˿ɼ̻֮ĸֵǿߣǺεȵǿ󣬼ֱɲ⡣
ߣǡŷ˵ֱӴͷ߹ȥ
ߵŴһԻȻǳҵĽޱȣʹڳ˶ǿ飬оۣһ㱻̼Ϲˡ
ֻйŷȻЩͷ֪ʲô顣
ҲӦ˽⣬Ƿǳǿٶ˵ġ
ʲôŷͷȴûйЩֱȥ
֪֮ը˶һ𺳵ӡŷ粻֪ǣŴмǳصΪĹܣֻи޵УܹǸط⡣
һĸ޵Ǻ⣬бȽ⣬ǽ⣬൱ڸ޵оߣǹŷֽ۵ˣǴûм
ʱܶ˶ۣղŽǵ˵˭Ȼǿ
Գ˺һۣԷе𾪣̶ֳȵĽ⣬Ҳǵһμû۹𺳣Լ˵ʵ״ﵽʲôز


2216 ̽
Ĵ干ִ֮ͬǣ˽Ϣ㱨ȥˡ
һǿ֣ۣ߳Ƕ۾ǿκˡ
Ĵǿߣȫһ֪˭ˡ
̫ӡҵǸǿ˵һ⡣
Ǹ㱨һ𣬶ʱȻֲǸôǿƣԭǴ˵е̫ǰ
һ˸ϣŻɱԼ̫Ӽֱ̫ˡ
ˣǲҪжǸ̫һÿǸʵ
ǿߵһۣЦ˵Ȼܵȴ֪ЩˣԶԶĶ֣пһ춯ص̫ӣֻش֮еģҪڳ֣Ǹ˿ɴɵʲô
˭Ǹ㱨̲סʵ
Ȼ֮䣬ǹϵܲģһԲѯʡ
ۡҵǸ˿ڡ
㱨Ǹ˵һףΪʲô˻˵ղŵĻۣǸ֮ϴڣһ棬µ˼̫ӾȻпġ
ֲǿƣݣһ㶼⣬ǿһʲôӵĵˣͷ
ǿ󣬵δؾоǰĵǿȻὫС
ܹԸ۵𣿡Ǹʿ̲סʵ
С
Ҵ˿ڣֻһ֣ȴǸʿ𺳵˼㡣
ҵĵ̣ԶԶֹˣȻ˿ԶԸľǸʿ𺳣ȴûˣΪҪ˵ȥ漰֮Ϊص飬ûʸȥ֪Щ
ͬʱطҲ̸һС
ŷݣҲ˴ˡ
֪̫ӵʱЩʿ𺳣ŷ֮г˾ηֲ̫ǿƣʵ̫ǿˡ
һ⣬貵˼㣬ǳضˡٿŷд⣬ڴ֮ϣǾף̫ڱһ̬ȣǿߣǺ⡣
ʲôʵ
һطסЩһﲻ֪ʲôʱŶ֣һʱ䡣ŷЦ˵ɡ
ǡ
ǵͷɫ֮дһ˿ɡ
ܹܵŷϵţ֪ŷûнǷС֪ŷݣҲǳȻ
˵ģپǲĶ֣Ծ۵ֶΣҪ뿪ûܹס
û߳Զͱһסˡòϣɫ֮дһ˿ŷ
ˡǸǿߺ
ŷ翴һۣ̱ϳܼϢЦ˵ö˰ɣʲô飿
ˣܼ֮ĴάһǰܵĴѶӭӴ˽ġ
ŷͷһۣ˵·
ά¶Цݣǰ·
һĻ̲ܶס𾪣ȻһЩԣ̫Ӵ򣬺ܼҽˣڿά̬ȣȻȻĻΪܼ֮ǵĴάȻûбҪԴŷ硣
ʿĿ֮£ܼפĸۡ
ۡܲȻƷ֮еԺӣȴתһִϣ˲Ϣ
ŷܹоԺӣһֿµķأһܵȻǿˣҲҪ棬һЩʿֱӱնɱ
ŷͷǴԺӱܹܼҶ֮Ǻġ
ŷɫάһ֮еĵϵԵĺģȻĻȻ֪ŷݡ
ȴЩŰɣȻ⣬Ҫ̽һ¡
ۿʲô𣿡ά̲סʵ
ŷ翴һۣЦ˵ǿһɱ󣬼ϸۡĲϣһֺĲͣҿһȺ޵УҪ븮֮ۡУôףҪϲ˵
ܲܿʲôɱ󣿿а취⣿άʵ
ŷû˵ֻͷųԼϢǿϢһķΧ֮ڣǸԷĴȻʼ飬ܲסơ
άĿɿڴȻϽס֡
ŷŽԼϢЦſάһۣϵɫЩЦһάȻףǹŷڶԼԲġŷһϢһݻ˴һ֣άԹŷʵһʶ
ŷʵȴ˵еĸǿ˸֮ǰ֣ûȫʹȫء


2217 
ħ𣬾ԲʵʵӦøǿҲ̤ǸҲ˵
ֲǿƣ֪һ֮󣬴ʱάеͬˣҪǳǿߣĶԹŷֵĻùһǡ
뵽Ĭ
ף˭һ˳ϰ߸¡һһ߹ضɽҡ
Źŷ磬ɫɻ󣬴һ˿ѯʡ
ŷǷ֣ļͷһ޴ĹޣûκζȻѾĲˡ
ȸ޵е̲ס
һͷ꾹ȻԳ˾
˶һۣԷеľ
ʱͻȻʶҲܼҵĵһţǰ꣬Ŷ󣬾ȻѾǸ޵ˣһɱ޵еֱֿ졣
ŷ綼΢΢Щ⣬˵ͷ˵
ά¶һĨϲɫܹŷһ䲻ĸоٹ⡣Ϊŷݺʵأ֮䣬ܹ˵ˣܹм
ʲôˣҲõ˵ǸЩѱ˹ŷһۣ쳣м˵
Ļŷ̲סЦ˳ǲӢۣûһǾ̫ˡ
Ȼģ;һˣȹŷ綼ĶࡣĸĸΪܺãԳɳҲǳȻô꣬ȻһӣԺࡣ
һ޵УѾǼ侪ˣ˶
ҲǣԼԼ֪Уǲñ˵ŷ絭һЦ
ߣһ֪֮Цһ
ûʲôǫģ־˵Լ̬ȾӦŶԣûһǲء
׼񡣡άüͷȻЩǸŹŷ˵ԲȮ֪۴
޷һٲƣܹ۷塣ŷЦ
ȻͲԷ󣬵̬ȴȫһڿһ
ӲˬˣȻŷ䣬ȴһָоԷԲܱԼȴһԴӣˬ
ߣϻ̫ˣΪԼ˭ָܹң겻м˵
ͽԳȫüͷһ壬̲סǳ󵨣׼Ǽ񡣡ˣԼǺεݣԴһСǶԷ̬ʵջ
ʲôһֶֻܹսǣһȥŵ˵
άɫһЩˣ֪ԼӵĻʵ̫ˣϽ˵䣬ˣ׼λǸ
ҲֱҡͷһɶûС
ɫɨŷǣ˵ҪҵǸܹҡ
һţδŷǷС˵ʵһǿԸоģڹŷ磬ĸоǺûʲôѹ
ѵ㡣Գ̲סֱվ˳
俴һۣЩм˵˵㲻ҵĶ֣һϣҲܹҡ
ָָҲҪŷָȥģǲ֪ΪʲôһӴŷ۾ʱͻȻһ飬Ҫȥֱָӷˡ
ԼЩɻԼ첻µز£ʵǿôڱ˵ǰ顣
ŷаЦһ־ǺܳȻСӶѣȻܲסѹ
Ȼûͷţǿߵƣȴñ˲ҵʹͷųҲǱܵļɵη塣ǡ˰ɣȻ˵ǲĶ֣һΣŷ絭ʵ
˳֣Եǻ治Ķ֣һϣǴӮˣҲǶˡ
ԣŷֻܹԳˡ
㣿ЩɵĿ˹ŷһۣȻҲΪŷԼĶ֡
ңѵҲĶ֣ŷЦʵ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣȴһֲ֪Ϊʲôһָоǰ˳ֵĻĻܡ
ָо̼䣬Цһ˵㲻ɡ
ֱվ˳Źŷ磬һ˫֮к˸
ŷ絭һЦʾԷȳ֡
ɫһ䣬иŭùŷǿԼЦһֱӳˡ
ûκμɣֻΪǿһȭȥҪһ档
쵰άһԼһ־ôԵг˲
˺ŷ磬Ȼŷ緢ŭʱĳֵĻ϶Ƕ֣һŷˣڶˡ


2218 һָѹ
ŷݸάһĵվʲôûУɶԷһȭ˹
һĻɫЩ⣬Ͻջ˼ȻĻһȭֱӻһ޵УԷɡ
Ȼ䲻ŷ磬ȻûеҪɱĵز

һȭ˹ŷϣȻŷվ˿δ
ɫЩʹ࣬ȭͷһ۶ˣǸղջһЩԼֱ۶ܱס
ôܣ̲ס𾪵˵
۵֮ǿף֮ͬмûԱȼˣרעеҲĶ֡
Ǵʱȴһʿվԭأһȭȴһ鶼ûС
侪ˣ𺳵ĶŹŷ硣
ЩϧƲҵŷ絭һЦĸղűеĵطʲôûзһ˵䣬ά˲𺳡Ǿ۵ʵ֮ȫԽԼĶӣվ򣬶һ顣
ҪǹĻ׻Ƕôǿһ޵Уסŷ֮ɣ뵽һе𺳡
Ҳš˵Ŀ⾼ڹŷϣ˵һʹʲôطôǿ
Ϊʲôô϶ŷ̲סʵ
ΪҵûôǿôܳԽңȻ˵ĻάЦãԼʲôطãҸо̫ˣ֪ǰλǾۣһֱۡ
Ҫ˵˵άЦѵԼĶӣȻҪԼӹŷݡ
ŷȴ֣άҪ˵µĶ䣬ʵãôǿ
ܹȵĹҡŵ˵
ֹŷʩչʲôطǿģһչطͲˣʱͱ¶ˡ
ΪǡԳɫм
ҲƲ죬վû˵Ҳһ뷨öԷеΪˣȻǵˣֱЦ
ŷ翴һԼ֣һͷ۵ӡ
ŷı֣¶ɫΪԼŷѵˣ˵ô˰ɡ
ŷҡͷ˵ǵģֻţһָͷѹ㡣
˻һɫһָͷѹֱ̫ˣԼܵ衣
ŷȴûнֱͣʳָȻԷȥ
ָֻͻȻþ޴ޱȣֱӽ棬Ҫѹ
ܣȻܶ壬Ҳֻһָͷܹѹңơ⣬Ҫסŷһ
һжͽͣǸָͷѹ䣬ͺˣֱӽѹ·
ҪǸָͷӿ˳޾µ˼㡣
ǵɫˣû뵽꣬ȻͷǸͲĶ֡
Һùŷս˹ȥȻĻĻ䡣
䡣
ŷһָѹ䣬ֱӽѹ·ȫ޷˹ŷһָͷ
ϳŵɫܹܵŷδֻͨƾ֮㽫ѹˡ
俴⼸ǲܵġããͨҪѹֱҹ̸
ڣȴһˣôɣһ΢һ
㵽˭̲סʵг˲ʣҪ֪Լױ˭ѹġ
ŷɿԼָһЦ
άȴֱ˵СӣԺ󻹸ҿλǾ۹ŷ硣
˻һһɴ۾һԼǲ˵ӡ۹ŷ磬Ȼ˵֣ҪȥʶһµĴ㡣
ȴû뵽Լͺ;һ¼档ԷȻ˴˵еһǿƣһָͷѹԼֱӽѹ
ǾۣȻԼ˵ˣ仹е㲻š
ٰŷ絭˵
һƽȻе𺳵˵Ȼʹ˵еһ̬
ʲôŷüͷһ
ȿȡϽɿһȻ˵˵ˣӦǺʹ˵еһΰ̲ס֮ġ
άɫŹ֣ԼһۣһҪʲôƽʱͲȥˣڱŷ֮Ȼ佱˹ŷ磬Щ
ףСһ϶ڴʲô⣬ȻĻԲֱֵġ
Լ׵񿴵Щ飬ͷװûиоԼ׵Ŀ⡣


2219 쳾
ŷͷһЦݣ˵⻹ࡣ
ͬʱ
ˣСӲҪˣǽݡάЦ˵Լӵ֮г˳硣
ͷżһ˽ȥ
һ֮У֮ά˵ۣ㲻Ӧġ
֪˼ŷЦ˵
ܼѾһЩԿǷŹ飬Ȼⲻ۵ʵֻĴ壬ۺĵ̣ǱϿô򵥵ġά˵
仰˵ʵѾǸ߹ŷˣĴ֮УŸǿĴڣҲܹŷв
֪
ŷͷһƽ
ΪʲôάЩȡ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ŷӦ΢һ㣬ӦǿƲŶԡҲŷ˼Ҫһϣ²ٷ塣
άûбҪܼԻס塣ȻܼҵѣͲɱ۸
ܼҽˣȻֻܼңѣҪкܼһϡŷ絭˵
Ĵ㣬ά𺳡
һС壬ܼͬϣҲֻоۣŸ˵Ļ
Ȼħ𣬿¶ûǣ˵
Ҫǿʵѹһв
аգάʵ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ĸ֣ʮþȡ
һά֪Լǵ͹ۣǺʵѾﵽһ޷ĵز޷󼰵ġ
۾⣬Źŷ磬ЩԾԾԵӡ
СһҪʲôŷЩʵ
һһֱֱ鶢Ȼ֪ҪʲôǺȻǺԼйϵ
Ҫҵʦ˵ԼĿġ
άȻȻЦãԼĶӶѾΪһ޵ˣȻҪʦϣո޵ΪӵˣٵÿּѾ߳ԼĵΪ۷ĴڣѾû˿Խ̵κζˡ
ҲӦŷ絭˵ֱӾܾ
ΪʲôѵҲý̲ңüͷЩĵʵ
ŷҡͷȻ뷨˵ʵȻܲǻһЩ򣬵ͣվҴ̫ˣѾߵһֻҪ΢ָһ¾ˣûбҪʦ
ŷĻάͽԳ̲סһǹŷǣȻ˵Ҫָһ޵С
⻰Ǵӱ˵Ŀ˵϶ᱻЦǹŷ˭һϴ棬ۣ۰һǿߣ˵ĻȻ˵
ʲôʵ
ҲֻΪʵٽЩգҪʦŷģǶԷȻѾ˵˿ָǾͲðʦˡ
ϾʦҶԷͻԼСҲЩŤȻûжһʵϹһͷͱȹŷʹˡ
쳾ġŷ絭˵
˻һάһ𣬶Ҳǵɴ۾˼
ӣû˵˶֪ʱϵĻ϶ʧȥһԼǰ·ĺûᡣ
˵ֱˡϾֻᣬĺѵáһϣҪٴθ־磬֪ҪĻԵˡ
ûйã˹ֱŷһȻ˵лۡ
ȻˣղŵʱȻ̣ܶǶ˵ȴźܴջ
ŷͷûж˵
Ƴ˲٣ȻΪղԭ򣬾Ǹղһᣬʵ췭ظı仯
ȻǿˡԹŷ磬ȴŸľηˣܹһ۱㿴Լ⣬ָԼͻƵˣ־粻ܹȵġ
ˣһ£Ҫһ״̬֮󣬿ҪһսŷЦ˵Ȼ˵Ǵսɫȴǳƽ
һĻάи̾۹ȻľͲܹȵġ
ȻҪԵʵվڹŷλãʵĻҲҲܹŷһ㣬Ǿûôݡ
ź˷䣬ŷס£ǵǺУ״̬׼ӭӼĴս
ŷ̽ͬʱֻƬҪѰֻƬ䣬ȴûһо޷ֻܵƬ֮ǣ¹κϢ
ֻǣȻûиоֻƬϢǹŷȴܵһµʹһ𺳵ĸо
ѰʱǵϢȴʧˣҲ
ŷԿ϶ûиӦ󣬿϶ǵϢڣֻǲ֪ʲôطо˸֮ǣǳĲ򵥡


2220 
һϢŷ綼޷ץסֲܿ
Ͼڹŷʵľ磬Ȼʲô׸Ӧ϶һָӦ
ȴˣȻ֪ʲôȴùŷЩء
֮ǣʲôӵһǿߴĳǳأǸǿǺˣΪҪһ嫵ĳǳء
ǳɵĳǽ֮ǣٲ࣬תſµػ޾¹ȥˡȴûһ仯ûܹ޵ҲС
ȻǳزǱô򵥣϶ʲôܡ
ŷҪ̽ļ죬֮֮Уûκ˸棬ԳҲǣܼ֮Уûиǰ
ŷĸӦ˺ü죬ٴθܵǹϢ
ֻǴʱǹϢЩ񱩣žɱ⣬ʶһֱӳŷ
ơ
ŷȣüķ⣬Ԫ۳ֱ֮ӲӲ
䡣
Ժ֮һ죬ŷ̲ס˼һɫ֮Щ
һϢ㽫ˣǵϢˣǺεǿֱ
Ǹ˵ĺˣһڹŷԺ֮ǾŲɣޱȣԸǾԶˣһɣ̺Ŵһ㡣
Ǻˣŷʵʡ
к棬Ҫ֪˵ݡ
Ĭһ£Ǹ˵񡣡
ȴһѹƣһҪħҪߵףŷǰ֮һ棬ѹѹһȺˣڹݣĤһϴڡȻķ֣һȺˣȻȫǸ޵УֻǧˣȫǿĤǸϴڡ
ŷ𺳣޵ǿޱȣų֮ǿʹҲݣôȥݱʿ
ֻǣǸµĴڣʵ̫ǿˣʹֻǻ󣬵ֲֿҲһܹܵ
ŷһָоԼĴڣסԷһ
ԳĴڣ̫ˣԽŷʶκǿߣǿѾﵽһֺŵĵز
ѣǸǿߣܹø޵жҪĤݣе顣
һʧŷ»ָ侲ǸʵǱ˰ǿߣ
Ҳ֪˰ǸȻЩ졣
ŷĵͷҪ֪һЩȻҪ߶ԷһЩȻĻŷԿ϶Էʲô˵ġ
ҲǱ˰飬֮еǿߣ̫ǿˣʹ˰ˣҲҪҵһĴڣΪ񡣡ǵϢ˰Ȼ˵
ŷƵʵ
ǸĬβſڣһ쵰
ŷһԼȣԷһˣ˵ʲôˣŷȻ֪Ѫƾޱȣ˭Ҳ˵һʲôʱǿԿ϶Ѫͷ׷ȥҲᷢһЩ˵顣
㾹Ȼ֪ԼǺˣǸܹܵŷһЩ뷨ЩֻЦ
ŷƽΪ˵̫ھԶҲ֪ûʲôЦģܹ𣿡
һûУ˵һ޹ؽҪ飬ֱԷʣͻһ쵰ԷһȻ
ʣŷһӦþǶԷԼˣֻ֣ûİ
ʲֻ֣ǶĳƺڵĻҲһʹ˰˼ʣҲҪһĲֻǼһһ쵰˵Ǹ
ѹ㣿ŷ˵
ǸЩ⣬ҲЩ֮̾ǣǻʴģѹ棬ôҾȻ޷ȥǼһ̫ɶˡ
ûɱ㣬Ӧˡŷ粻ÿɷ
˱ȻǻʵĵˣȻûɱѾˣǻĻֱɱһɾ
ЦҲ֪ʲôȴ֪ûзŹǵ˼ֻ֪ʲôԭ򣬻ʧˣ֮УҲڱ˰֪ȥҲʧ֮֮սʼ󣬱˰ǿҲһȫǼӡ˱˰·һֱڡǸ˵˻䵱Уһҵĸо
һսǻʽӡˣҲҪսˡ
ʵʲôˣŷʵ
ȣƹǿһˣû֪ﵽʲô磬ǰȴ֪ڵʱ򣬻Ǳ˰ѰҲһ֣޵еģŽһǸһۡ


2221 
Žһۣʵ̫ˡǹŷȴܹоûпΪǻʵѣǻʵĵˡһˣϿɣɴ˿ɼʵʵ
СӣʵȻֻǸ޵Уսȴа벽ѵʵʵǰȴʲô㲻ϡǸ˵
ŷ˵ͷû˵
ŷƽǸżˣ̲ס˵ѵ㲻Ҫøǿ𣿡
ʲô취ŷʵ
ҳɰ벽ѣ츳ҲʱսǿҲ˵Ǹջ󵽡
İɡŷֱ³һ仰һɶûУԷŭû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˲ʶ̧١
´ң֮УûгǿߣʵͲܹԼ㣬ӡĵˣȻʲôöҲġŷƵ˵ƽһ㶼ûܵԷջ
ѵ㲻ǿǸеܻ˵
ҵ·㻹ûʸָ㣬֪˵ĶƨڱǿҿԸ㣬ʱ䣬Ҳڻʡŷ絭˵֮ȴһΨҶİվɢһϡ
һЩ鿴˹ֱڵϣڲĤݹŷ硣
ܹ֮ǵ飬һǴʱȴһһĤŹŷ磬޷ϵϡ
ǸĬһ£˵ĺ񡣡
ʲôŷʵ
ϣǿ˵ʵķɣҲһţҲһǿ츳ս죬պɨһе֣޵ϵ¡ǸЩ̾˵
ŷ粻ж־磬ҲһЩ
޵ϵ£ǬҲһ֣ˣ̫ˣ
ǴϣûиܵϢ֪ԲΪǻʵתءǸ˵
ŷ絭һЦ޵УѾǰһһ޶Ĺŷ磬ԲǱ˵ת
֪㲻ǣһҪһ޵ϵµǿߣȻʧˣȴˡǸпԵЩʧ䡣
ҲǸʱˣ֤ʵĻԻͣ뵽ʱԼȻЩʧ䡣
Ҳ֪ʲôˣǵʵﵽһһµģûдҿԷʱҪΪսͬԸ˰ŷ˵һǿսԷĲʲôĻǿΪԼһ
˰һصڣųƴԴأʹŷԣҲЩ֪Ƕ֣ҪŽһпŽ
ĴﵽǸ磬ɣֻܹ㣬ﲻǸԵЩĻ䡣
ŷס⻰˲ӣ뿪ܼ߹ȥ
ܼңŷ㿴άɫ쳣ÿ
ôˣŷʵ
Ϣһвܼңǲ뵽֮ì֮УĻܼҡάǲˬ˵
ֲάɫôѿأ˭ļ壬вǿ϶ŭ
һһвܼңǴûз顣
鷳ˣ֣˵һ̬ȣпԸܼңĻܼ˵ԲһϢ˵һ˲٣ʱȻʼˡ
ŷͷȻάһۣЦʵ˵ҪԸҵĻ᲻еĵƣ
ᡣάֱ˵һûԥ
ǾˣǵĵˣҽȫɵĻܼҾͲõǵвˡŷ赭д˵
ǶĿɿڴŷ⻰˵̫ˣĵưܹô׸ɵĻǻܹ
ʹ֪ŷݣҲ֪ǿ󣬵ҲоŷЩˣЩ˲еô򵥵ġ
ۣĴĵ̣ܲ򵥣Ҳħ𡣡άѵ
֪ŷܹħ𣬵ħǸĸǰŷ缴ʹҲסɡ
ħ𣿡ŷ練ʡ
άȻȻħǰλ˭ܹħĴڣȻὫħС
ԣħڹŷУӦ㲻ǿġ
ģҲûеôĸǾҪŷһ⡣
ɱӺ㹻ǿĻܹסǾɱӺôˡ
ν̣һ㶼ģߵһκǿߣη塣
άһ˵ŷȻģ˵аգάȻ˵ɵĻ


2222 
ףҶ˵ˣۣġһ˵
Թŷ磬һ־ԵġģʹԳ˺䡣Ҳڵģ¹ŷ絲סЩˡ
ΪһЩ˵Ķֻ֣һǾ
̫ڵˡάЦһؿ˹ŷһۣ֮дһĨ̾
֮ϿգһһµϢ٣֮ǡ
ǹϢǿľԽһĸ޵Уûоţֱӷ˽
Ҫ֪Ҫֱӷɽһ׵飬ȻǸ޵УǳѡΪ֮֮УһĪѹƣսǿڣȻĻɽǲܵ顣
ŷ綢Ǹ΢΢Щ⣬˺ǿʵħ
ʲôˣŷüͷЩ⡣
ʱάͻȻɫһ䣬̲ס¥
ǸӦʲôһ˵徹Ȼ΢Ĳ
¥ŷ΢΢ȣԷȻ¥ǿߡڴʱ֮֮Уòùŷ롣
ΪҶŷ˵
ǹ¥ά̲סʵ
Щڴϣõһ񶨵Ĵ𰸡
ŷעҪʧˣ΢΢ͷЦ˵Ҳǵɣһݵһ٣ȻǵʥŮһСѾ߶ѡ
ŷ赭дǾŷĻ֮󣬶̲סɴ۾ŷ֮У
Щ飬һȥԾŷȴÿһˣֲ¥ǰģǶ·ҹŷ鷳ġ
¥ֻش֮УһܳȻĴڣĴ£Լ֮䣬֮ϣȴĴˣȥǡ
鷳ˣ¥Ȼǿ󣬵ǲ¥֮еǿߣǻ˵ʵɲ⣬֮ϡάЦ
ӹŷľˣʵ벻ħˣȻһҺȷ˵ʵ֮ϣͻȻãԼҲС¥
֯ʲôŷһ䡣
άҡҡͷɫ΢΢ЩãȻ⵹ùŷЩˣȻҲ֪
˵һԶ֯йϵʲô죬ȴֻ¥ˣ֪ʲôǿߣ峤ƶϹ죬ҲʵǺ֮в֪ٴȻάŷ͡
񣬾죬ŷüͷΪԼվ߶ȣʹ˵˽֮еһУҲࡣ֯Ĵڣ뷨
;죬ǳ֮ǰŷûһһΡ
ȻȻ򵥡
ˡŷͷ۾ԼõϢͬʱҲ˼֮֯䣬ûʲôϵ֮֯⣬бĴǵжôǿ
һеһУһţŷ翴ֻܹԺӴ˽⡣
Σ۾Ȼû˵άǶܹоŷϵϢԼ֮˲٣֪ʲôӵľ
֮֮УһȺ˳֣Ӵ֮һ⻪𣬾˵˼㡣
һʮȫǸ޵УóǱƽ⣬Ȼǹŷһۣ貵۾Ҳ൱ˡ
ǿһ
ܶ˸̾ҲЩɻЩ֮֮УΪʲô
뵽̫ѵЩҲΪ̫Ӷ¥ǿƣǺٳȴôǿߣԳ֣ԲС顣
̫ӣ
һһ޵УԶԣǺǿ󣬵Ǵʱȴޱȣùŷ
άЦȻǳŹŷġ
˹ŷһۣ˵ۣȥһ£ܹܲһЩԹ
ˡŷȴ֡
ά˹ŷһۣʱ׹ŷʲô˼ˡ
ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡣάȰ⡣
άһۣŷЦˣ˵öԷŹ𣿡
Ĭһ£άû˵
ʵҲףԼȥһ£ҲһܹöԷ£Գɴ˿ɼǵŭԼûôӡ
һȥ룬ά˵
ŷҡͷ˵˭Ҳ׼ȥܼҲҪǣǣҪȥҺȣҪѹһв
ŷо˸˵һ


2223 
ɫ䣬뷴ԡ
ŷ翴һۣ˵Ļ̹Ӻûйϵ
˿ЦҪ˵ڵĻȫ˻
ǺοأάЦжԹŷܼҾҲǾҪһ˴ս¡
ȷѡĻǻ˵¥ȴһܼңҲûаܹס¥ɡŷ翴άһۡ
άͷȷʵġ¥ޱȣžǸ֯µǶ޷Ҫ˳ͻܼҲ¥Ķ֣һк
ԣǶˣùңȻ󣬵ǻûܹɱءŷȻ˵
ƨС̫ԴˡһǱѹǸˡ
ѹļһûʸ˵ҡŷƽ˵

ǸʧٴҲˡ
ŷףԶԷľ磬ǴҪصĻʹҪҵԷҲǲܵġ֮䣬֮ǵѹˡ
¥ǿЩŭΪԼһ̫ӾͻԹԳȴû뵽Լ˰죬Էȴһ㷴ӦûС
ŭɫѿһ̫ӣ
Ȼû֮֮УһƬž˶ǰһĻɫŹ֡ѵ˵֮ǿƵ̫ӣ¥ǿǰҲñϣһϷļһʧ˼㡣
ԭ̫ӣһӲĵСˣ¥ǰȻҷֶҡǸ¥ǿߴЦɫ֮г˳
¥ǿߣҲһı飬ɫ֮߰дһָ֣߸ϵӣúܶʿ
ȴû˸˵ʲôϾ¥ǿĿõģǻûɵ¥ӵĵز
۾𣿡ڴʱһСʿͻȻ̾ϢһȻǸ¥ǿ˵һ䡣
Ǹǿ߶ʱŭǸСʿŭһߣҲ˵ң
֮磬ǸСʿɱ˹ȥһҪɱԷӡ
СʿüëһһЦվûϣȴûκβ
ΧʿɫŹ֣Ȼ֪СʿݣɲǸ̫
ŷϢĳ֣ûдģǸ¥ʿûмŷ磬̫ܵԼƣ϶ƺƴĳ֮顣Ҳû뵽ԼǸˣΧЩֵʿһƽĳ֣ԼԻ
Źŷ磬ͻȻͫ͵طŴ
ŷӦԷĿ⣬һ˹ȥ
˵ĿײһＤһơһɫһĨΣǺܿʧû˷֡
ʿֻоͷһƣ˺˺Զľ룬Ȼˣ⵽Ǻεǿ󣬹ײǳܲסĽֵĻҪĽ涼ˡ
ֲø¥ԭ㣬ҵǲɻˡڣͳһ˿Ȼ
ʶңŷüͷһ壬̫ݣһ
ϾԷ֮ǰ̫ӵģǲʶԼ̫ӣҲû
ֻһͣԷʶŷ磬֪ݡ
Ǿۡڣŷݡ
䡣
ȺֱըˣʿĿŷ磬֮¶ŵɫ̫ӾȻǾۣҲ˰ɡ
ֲǿƣǾ۵һ硣
֪ŷ֮ЩʿȻˡ
ŷͷԼݡ
µѾˡԷȻѾԼ˵Ȼʮİա
Ȼ㡣ͻȻðһ仰ɫȡ
ŷһиֳһֲõĸоŷʵƭң
ղŲֻ̽һ£û뵽Ȼ㣬ۣ¥֮䣬ûʲôԹΪ¥ʣɫ֮Щ⣬˭֪ۿ³çȴޱȣ쵱ô˵ǰȻԼˣڴЦ
ǰûˡŷ˵
ʹƤȣˣҲеܲˣʵ̫ˡ
ȿȡһûŷĻ˵ۣҪ¥һ
ԡŷͷȻʹĴӦˡ
ȻȻŹŷ磬֪ôôɿڡ
ǵʥŮһѾߵбҪʦڣʥŮǰԸ𡣡ŷһ˵
Χ˻ȻҲ̫˰ɣȻ¥ʥŮԼѾߣֲöԷȻԴˡ


2224 Ĵǿ
ŷ˵ԼҪǵ֪۵Ҫô
뵽۵ķʷڳȫ¶ĵЦݡ
ȻҲ뵽ĳֿܣĶŹŷ磬ʱ׼ֽѵӡ
Ҫô𣿡Ǹŷ¥ǿߴʱӦֱӲһ仰
ŷ翴һۣʱ򣬾ȻҲ廰Ȼ˵ĵλǺܸߵġһЦ˵ܼ򵥣ȻǵʥŮһѾߣôȥǣȻܹϲԴӦҵѾߡ
һ䣬ŷһ£˵ҾͳԿһ㣬İҲġ
Χ˵ɴ۾ƣǳƣ۵Ļûһڵ˼ҲûǸ⡣
¥ǿߺǳ⣬ɫŭ
ʥŮ¥֮еĵλܸߣ£ڹŷȴ˵ѾߣǲһҪ͹ŷƴ
ûЩѾˡ
ôˣѵһܹίǸʥŮɣŷɫһҲЩˬˡ
֮ʲôȻҲҪ¥ʥŮѾߣۣ̫ˣǲɱ㣬˻Ϊ¥۸ءһ׷ߣǿ󣬽֮ǵʱ˽⣬Ȼûйŷ貣ǺȻһʶ۷ǿߡ
ʱһŭ׼ˣֱŷ˹ȥ
һĻûֹ֪ŷ֮ҲҪ̽һ¹ŷʵҪ֪ﵽʲô̶ȡ
ҳ㹻ǿ󣬼ʹҪˣҲҪʩչһЩֶβУǲĻ⡣
Ǹ֣߳˫ӡХתͷµ飬˻¡
ɫᣬݱ䣬˵⣬Լһ֮£ŷ뵲סʹסҲҪˡ
Σվһ޵벻ʵģ϶ʲôԭһǳԼжϣҲ̫ŷС
ĿеĲмŷӦķʽܼ򵥣ֱһȭ˳ȥߵֱۣȻֱϡ
߲ҽһ˳ȥ˶˰ߣԭӣֱȫΪУʧŷȫ顣
ֻǼ򵥵һȭȴסˣǶоŷֻ֮ȻĽһ޵еǿߴ
΢΢һ¶Ȼɫŷǿû뵽ġ
Ȼɵŷ磬ȴҲһָоùŷ粻Լ£ԼȴЩףҲԼˡ
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һվ˳˵ʵȺЩȻǶ֣һսΣ
㲻ҵĶ֡ŷ֣ĵ˵
֮һ⣬ЦѵԼ̫Դ𣿲ҪСˡ
֮дһɰȻһ˫ĶŹŷ磬ɱ⡣
СˣС㣬ڰǼǿԳˣʲôһҳְɣȻĻûκλᡣŷ絭˵ĿɨգѣӰ
һŮܳվһϵΨҶƣǴʱȴһ˿ȣ໥һۣԷе𺳡
һߣϢȻǱŷ緢ˣЩ˼顣
λѾȻҲˡһЦ˵
ʧǵͷЦ˵ѡ
һ𣬹ⲡЩ˷ܵ˵
ǰ˷ֱΪĵ̣һʵҲ֮£֣벽Ҳη壬һս
ΪǶǼӽǸ磬Ͳһ˿ǸǿߣȻͰ벽֮в࣬ҲǴ޷
ŷȻûнǸ磬ţԼ֣ԿԻܹŷ硣
ɽֻҾҪԼ˵ģ뻹ҲɽǸŮӿڣŷ˵
ƽͣһ
ǣôͻȻˣɱСӵ𣿡ʣµüͷɫ֮Щá
ۺҲɽ֮䣬ûʲôԹֻһСѣҺ˵ɱۣʡ
ȻԷӳΪֹû˵Ҫɱŷ磬ֻ˵Ҫֻع
ҲⲻԼΪǣҪǶԷ֪˹ŷݣۣԲ˵ġ
벻ܹ㡣ŷҡͷܹϵľܾ
üͷЩ̾Ϣ˵Ϊء
Ǵ͹ŷһսףԺźܴĳɳռ䣬ԼһǶ֣ǵһˣ˭ʳѰ


2225 һѹ
ΪѣΪѣһѣȷҪһսҪ͸ҷġŷ絭һЦ
ŷĻɫһɽĵӣȻһĳ衣
̫Į˵
һĻǿߺͷǿ߶Цˣ֪е²̨һǱҪˡ
Ǻǡŷ絭һЦӦ
̫ʲôʱĴҲ˵ĻѹڶɢޣǺ˵Լ̫
ԼֻԼǸǿƶѡ
ɫ΢΢һ˵ܹУ͸ǲȻĻȻսҲҪֻһ
ȷŷüͷһ
ǡǳ
УҪܽӵסһУ뻹㣬Ժ㲻ɽˣƵǧԲǲɽ˷κγͻŷ絭˵
˻һ˶ǻһȻΪۣ⻰˵Ҳ̫˰ɣе̫Դˡ
ŷĻ˸ؿ˹ŷһۣȻͷ˵֡
Ȼͬ˹ŷҪ
Һͷҵĵ̣վһߣɫЩ粻Źŷ磬ǹŷôĻǼʹһϣҲȡʤǴӮˣԼҲ벻ʲôý
뵽˶һۣԷеء
ʥޱȣתһԣ˲¡ǹŷȴûио´һǣúǶЩëֱźٺ˵ҳˡ
һݣɫأŹŷ硣
վϵԸ貣ޱȣһٴеӡ
ŷƽǺһָֻ࣬ظ֣ѹ¡ʱֻأӵϢˣŷ߶ѹµ˼㡣
֮䣬ǶоԼŲסˣҪûֻ֮С
ɫЩãȻȻһ𣬳ѹΪܵɱǱʶ˹
ơ
һأϣҪֻء
𶯣ڵĹ⣬ޱϢתȻǼ̤Ǹ򣬴ʱҲ͸ѹɫ䲻ÿ
ɺǼǶãֻѹ·磬ɫ԰ף⣬ȴ޷׵ס
ڵĹıƽ˵Ķͣɫ⣬ֱӱѹƵû֮УڵĹӡϣѹ
ǿĿɿڴҪ֪ǵʵԲǣǴʱȻѹֻһСŷ֮У˾ʱۣΪǿˡ
η壬ʵԶԶԽ֮ϡ
һڿˮǶһۣԷе𺳡
ʱ˭Ҳˡ֪벻Ǿ۵ʵбֶδʩչĴվȻܹʤҲǳңⲻϣܹġ
𣿡ŷ綢űԼѹĺǡ
ǽӲʲô˵ʵϣҲ޷˵ʲôΪŷӡ˵κλ
ʱ˶ͬһһֻпЦѾŷ㹻ǿˣȴû뵽Լǵ͹˹ŷ硣
㲻˵ӦþǷˣҾͽˡŷЦ˵Χ̲סһۡ
ֻҪɵӶܹʱĺǸһ仰˵Ҫܷԣǲء
ʱȻ˵
ŷһָӡںϵֻ֮ȫʧ弸һ˲ָˡ
˹ŷһۣһ˵ҲǾ۵Ķ֡
ɫ֮΢΢ЩᣬǺǻ˵Ǹ룬ͽˣϣܹúõĶԴ롣
һġŷͷ
ŷ˵˼˵ӽ𣬲ɽַ壬Υģ𡣡
ԣҲŷ翴ġ
ŷֻΪ˸ȡһλͰȵĻѣȻѾ˹ŷ磬ҹŷղδֻɱԼҲһ֪ôˣȻ˳ˮۣһ
Ļŷ¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷȴû˵ʲô
ŷȴĿҵǿϣŷĿⶢϣһҺͷҵǿߣЩǵʵǿ󣬵Թŷ磬ȴûκƣŷʵǿ̫ˡ
λʲô㣿ŷʵ
⽫©棬ΪŷҪȺì֮ȥ鷳ڹŷ翴һʵȻ֣ȴҸ鷳


2226 
Һͷǿߣг˲ʣǶһۣԷеԥ
Źŷ磬ǲ룬ĵĲԸ⡣Ϊԭ򣬶ΪɱŷĻǿԵĵֻƬ
ǣⲢףΪղǵһͬѾˡŷһѹûһ
֣ǲǹŷĶ֣ǲұ֤
ۣĪΪԼһܹһ첻ɣڣŷĿģ֪ԷҪֻǵ
ʶŷʵ֮Ȼ鷢
ɽǿߣѾŷˣǰõĻֻһԹŷ硣
˵Բһֵø˵顣
ҾҪһ죬Σŷ翴һۣʵ
Цмۣ֪ʵǿ󣬵ЩˣܹǵģҵʵҲ㣬ǲ˶㡣
أŷ۾һС
һû˵
ȣһȽŷͻȻʵ
֮һ̲סô֪ŷ֮Уš
˽⣬类Բ֪Ϣŷ֪ģһ֪¥ĿɽǾ죬뵽һɱ⡣
Ҫɱңɳ֣ѾɱһˣնɱһСඣҲһѡ񡣡ŷЦֱӳƺΪСඡ
˺ȻֻǿûκξȣΪ˽һУ֪ŷ˵Ĳǿ
ھ֮УҲСඣҲԲʲô߲㣬߲ʵǿ޷
λѣһ֣նɱⲣ챣֤ٲ𣬳ΪĲ塣򺫼Һͷҵǿ˵
ҺͷҵǿߣһۣԷеĳȡ
֪ȻĴ壬۰ֻش򣬵վĴЩȻȣ֪˶١
¥ľ죬Ժֿ֯һԻǵļ塣
֯ǿԱӻǣľܹٲġ
뵽
ģǺ֣նɱⲡҵǿ˵ŷ֮гɱ⡣
̫ڲ񣬻ȻûнҵȷУֱ׼Ӧɱ֮ǿҲڡ
û˵ֻǿһۣվһߡ
ǣѵûʲôʾ𣿡ʵ
¼ȨѾ˲ôˣֻҪնɱŷ磬ʲôֶζԸãȻ涨׼һЩ֮е飬ǷչֻҪռеһ־С
ǴʱΪ˸ɵŷ磬˲ôˡ
ͬķչǲǾ컹һġ
Ը֪ȴףԼɱ˹ŷţ϶ܵͣŸ
Ҳ֮ɽ⡣ǵ˵ƽȻҪԸŷ磬ȴһǰ˼ûУ˾ˣԹŷʵΪ˽ģʵԲеô򵥡
ȻŷֻǸ޵о磬սȴȫǡ
һսһ㶼ǣǣҪ⣬һҪҪˣϣǲֵĻпܱȥֽӦסЦһֱв
磬˵ʲôģֱвʲôá
Ҷɵӣ˵ôûãֱ˵Լ뷨Եù䡣
в㻹ûǸʸ񡣡ŷϵǣǵǷǳǿƣƽĿһۣȻ˵Ļ
һ£Ȼû뵽ǵ̬ȡ
ҲŲ֪ʲô˼˵
ȻĶźǣ徹Ȼ΢Ĳ
㣬ǲ࡭û˵֪꣬ԷԼ˼

ǵĻش˹ŷһۣ˵ʸҼɵûУֻһСඡ
ʵǿȴ˵ĻȻǵĵ˲١
ŷЩ⣬࣬ѵһ̲֯סпЦԼ׻жٲ֪Ķ
ںǶԼĿأŷҲЩ⣬Щ֯ˣǱǿ׳
ԲҴˣ˵ѡֱϴϽ
֮࣬ͬ֯УΪصһڣ춼ɵѣԸǡ
Ǿˣ֪ԼвĳԱ϶ŭʱùľˡ
Ȼʵǿ󣬵֮֯У㲻ʲô


2227 ѹǿ
û˵վһߣһ˫ӶŹŷ磬ɫʣ֪һЩʲô
ˣӦҲİˣҿ·ˡŷ絭˵ĮȻĶˣڿһ
ŷ磬̫ˣʹս죬ˣǼ̤벽ѵǿߣʹﵽǸǿߣҲ壬ʲôЦмڸԼ
ΣɣǱˡǵĿڣ˻һ
ףǺԼΪԼ˲ǹŷĶֻ֡ǣܹţŷҲֻһ֮ˣʹǿ󣬵վû벽Ǹ磬֣ӦĿԻɱŷŶԡ
뵽е˲١
ǣ㲻Ҫǡε˵
Ҳͷܴ󣬵һǺ͹ŷ֮飬ûйϵ㲻Ҫ֡Ҳ˵֮вû̫Ĺ
վһߣʲôû˵˵˲ˣǺûйϵˣڻǾĳԱʱҲҵϡ
Ѱ·ɫһ䡣
ãʶô꣬ԼѶԷһ£ȴõֶԴĸ߰Ȼɫֱ˵Ҳˡ
κͷҲ˵Ҳɵӣ̬ȣ֪ǱôˣһѾǼˣٵﺮǣǾˡ
һ֣ɱڣԼ£ȫ˿ּսѾǿԲˡ
˽ŷΧסˣƾˣһϱҫ۵⣬ݲе˼㣬졣
ߵһѾǾǿˣ£Ȼ޵Уĺܿ¡
ŷ粢ûСǣȳ֡
ָֻ˸ڵĹ⣬еʲôȴһָоֻأԵǴֻء
ǺȻȻ֪ⲻģȻܳԾг˾
˲ҵӿȥһɽѹ¡ɽ£Ȼֻһɽȴһ棬ɢϢֲ졣
ɽӡŷ羪ȣܿ£ȻֻһɽȴС
ֱֻĹȥɽײһ
һ죬ˣܶըһײ̫£ʹ޵жܲסĻ˲ͱش
ǺȻȫˣɳ˺Զ˭Ҳٿ
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һĻܶ˳Ծ֮ǹȻΪֻش֮еǣ̫ˣǿĲȻ޷ٵ֮ǵκζ
ŷ֪һڳ֮ж޵еĴڴǣȻ޷ƻ
ĵսڵĹ⣬ͻȻֻ֮أᴩĵϣֱӽɽˡ
ˣһһѪɫ԰ףŷ֮У˾ŭ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿƣһ㽫ˡ
ɽӡȻǿ󣬵ʵվ̫ˡŷ絭˵
ɱȥչ˾ɱ
о˸ԥֱӵס˹ŷ硣ͷһ֣һʮŲ㣬ͣһɫϢ䣬ѹ졣
Ȼͬ׵ǿߣҲӲһĻȻҪش
žԵǣԵסŷ磬ùŷ粻ӲĹ
ֻǣŷеȫһֱһȭɢЩɫϢȻһȭ棬ɳȥ
ǲ
֮ϴһ죬κȻĿȥ֮ϳһƣһֱӱѡ
ŭӣһȭѣԷһٵķʵҲ̫˰ɡ
ʵּǿߣһ˵ı챦̫࣬ǾһȻһ㱻ŷһȭ飬ǶһָоԼС˹ŷ硣
һ򣬷ӡһµĽùŷ綼оһв
ƹִ̧һʵɵĽײֱӱ˷ɵĽŷδ֣ͣ˫ֽʥӡֱӺ˳ȥ
һ졣
ɴʩչԼĹһ磬춯أ涼ֳ룬˳ȥ
ϵǺӱ飬ڣ֮Ƕ£Ȼһ˿
㻹ҵĶ֡ŷЦ
ʥӡֱӱǵȻڷɵϡ
ɲҽУըѣԪ񰵵һ飬ʱ¶ɫҪ
һѽӹŷüķ˳ֱӽɵԪ档


2228 
κ𺳣ǶһۣԷеľ塣
۵ʵԶԶǵһ˶սˣɻʤֲúǲԸսǲܴӮս
⣬ȴףҪߣȴô򵥵ġŷһ׷ĻǼʹܹߣҲҪܵԵĴ˵Щ޷ܡ
ŷû֣ͣĿȻֱһȭ
ǿһ£ȻԶ˶ҪһڿѪⰵȻѾʹȫվܵ˼µĴˡ
һ򣬺ɱԴС
Ȼֻһȭ죬ǬţαɣѪ࣬ȫ顣ֻԪⰵ˳ȴ˾֡
һôȻĳ̶ֳ˵ǱȹŷߵĸԶսȴԶԶ磬֣򲻹һˡ
ɽֻǿħѹҪѹŷ硣ȫŷ飬һŲս޵ϵ£ɨһе֡
ǿʱҲͣѪζһ䡣
ǿߣǱ˼㡣δȥȴ罣֮УͺΣʱŷѹƣʱ䡣
޾֮⣬һ˿һĻʱ̲סͷðҵԼľĻԼ³ҲǻҪҡҪ֪Ǻǣ⼸һ
һʵ̫ˡħ̲ס૵˵
ͫվħףһɫȻҲ˹ŷı֣ıŵˡ
뵽Լ˻ɵŷ磬Ǿͷ󺹣ҺԼ˵ʱˡ龰ʹħҲǾ۵Ķ֡
Զ㣬Сıһ﷢֡ħһԼһȺ£Զ
Ǳʿ϶̲סĿɿڴ⻹һȺôԵȻίͬСһֵ̿Ķһˡ
֮֮Уŷ缸ҪɱˣսѾֻҪº֣Щ˱
ŷ¶һĨЦŰе˻ܹȥ
Ȼ׼ָɵʱһȵ𣺡ס֡
֮棬ɽһ⣬ס˹ŷĹŷ絹Ҳһ㶼⣬һЦڰеڳˡӶԷĳֿԿǵзѡ
һӢˣ壬Ϊɲ⣬һ˫Ӵһɿµϣ˲ֱӡ

˳֣ȫһϲ
˵бǿĴȻڹؼʱֵĻŷ缴ʹǿ󣬿Ҳܽܰɡ
ͷޱȣͬһȵĹ⣬ĿⶢŹŷ磬˹֣Ц쳤ļۡ
ܿûгֵ˼һʼֹŷɱ֮⣬ûʲôֵľٶ
һĻ˶̲ססˣѵûд͹ŷͻ
ŷ籾Ϊ֣Ȼһ㣬ǶҲᳬ̫ࡣǵʵʱʱףԼС˶Է
쳤ϣ˾ǰ벽Ĵڡ
΢ݣ˵ͷ˵Ͽˣʲôһ˵ɱǼ
ŷȻҪɱˣûдӡ
ʵϣǵˡϾԼˣҲ¥ʺ֮һȻҲǹŷĵˡ
ڵˣŷ֪ʲôӡ
ڴˣ㻹ɱңɫû뵽ŷôǿƣȻҪ֡
Ҫɱˣ˭Ҳˡŷƽ˵
źͰ̲סӿһĸо֪˵Ļʵ̫ˡ
ǿƣǷԹӵеģԼʵһš
ۣܷ˵һ䡣һЦһۣʾ졣
Ȼ˶¥ߣȴףԼĵλԶԶ֮£Լ죬Ͳ˵ˡ
˵Էһ벽ѣŷҲû̫㹻ʵšߵһûбҪηηβģȻԷʲôµ֯Ҳһ
Ȼдȴδ˺ֻۣҪ۴ӦһҿԱ֤֮飬һʹͬʱܼҵ鷳Ӧһ˵ĵˣѡЦ˵ǳţ¹ŷ粻Ӧ
һ仰˹ŷע⣬Ҫ֪ʲô˼
ۿ֪ܲҾ֮䣬ϵǺܺãѾҪ׽ۣ˵۵ĵˣǾ죬ԳΪ۵ѵġһЦ˵һϢ


2229 ŭ
׽Լŷһ£еû뵽۾һУҪ֪˵滹Ǽٵġ
۲ûɣͬĴڣȻ֪֮䣬ǵˡһЦ
ĻŷЦǵˣҲΪԼʵʹȻԼʵ㹻ǿĻԷ϶ֱӻɱԼ
˵ĵ˾ѣȻˣұ㲻ɱǣϣԺǲҪ鷳ŷ絭˵
󣬵ȴһȻЩȣһʱףŷʵеҪǿ
۷ģһܹġЦ˵
ŷ翴һۣŵͷȻת뿪
ûκԥȻѾҪԸˣȻٸԼһӿµĵˡ
ۣһϢҪתۡͻȻ˵
ŷվﲻûתǺԣҪ˵
պ綯֣úйصʿǸΥɱ⡣һϢ
䡣
ŷȻתµɱϱֱָ
һһȻҪˣ漴֪ԼԲܹˣȻĻп»һӰԺҲκν
ǿпסŷѹվһδȥ
棿ŷ綢ĿͬʵһӴѹкȻ
ҵĵͷ
񣬵ŷתȥϣȴһµɱ⣬ֱ˺ֻشϡ
ȥܼһǣչ塣ŷ˵꣬һָӰɳŷվһ뿪
Ǹʧڣȫһ
ղŹŷ籬ƣֲǶԵĵز
ŷ̫ˡ̲ס˵
Цɫһ󳱺죬һѪ˳Ųһ£һˤڵϡ
Ȼһѷס𾪡
ŷʵ֮ϣСЦһǵѪɫںÿ˲١
ôܣǰ벽ѰŷսȻ죬վֻǸ޵Уô˵㣿̲ס𾪵˵
ɺͺζһۣԷе𺳣Ȼ²⣬ǵ֪ǰ벽ѵʱǻ̲סȻ
ʱף֯Ǻεȿ£һ벽ѵǿߣȻֻеһϡ
ܹԳƶϵˣҲһĸ޵Уľ磬Ѿ̤˰벽ѣֻΪ޵еʱ̫ˣԲûһʵľ粢ҵ͡Ц˵
Ǳˣ϶᲻ޡǱŷˣȴһָоûУеȫǾ̾;η
ŷȻֻи޵Уڹŷϣ·𿴼һĳǿ𣬼ʱգŷ϶ܹǸ硣
ʱ򣬺ɨԲ˵˵ѡ
𺳣ŷѾǸ磬Ҳ˵עΪ벽ѡʣǳɾͰ벽֮󣬻кܴĿܳΪĳǿߡ
뵽˶һۣԷеľη𺳡
ֲҲûκŭһעǰ벽֮еĸڣһпܳΪѵǿߣ㹻ʸ
ǲ˵ֻ뵽ŷ˵Ļ֪ԼԲܹܼҺ塣٣ڹŷŵʱ򣬰ڣ顣
ŷˣ֮Уûκԥֱҵ˽
ŷֵʱһ£¶ɻɫ
㲻ȥֻشѵҵֻƬЩʵ
ŷҡͷϢ˽
ƽǵŷĻֱ֮վһ˫۾˸¶ŭɫ
ĵԼѾΪµһ𣿾Ȼͨ㣬һҪ֣̫ˡȻ֪񣬶һ㣬ŷһ㶼⡣Խһʵǲ֪ǲء
Ҳûʲô˲ģһʤʱʲôʲô졢ȫҪһվ˵ɫ֮г˰Ȼ
ŷ𺳣ĸ֯Ӧþ֮еͬǿˣ˼ڽһȫʢʱ򣬾Ȼ˿ǷС
ɴ˿ɼһǺεǿֻǿĽһһս֮ôֱӻٵˡǿǲǽһôǿƵĻҲֻܹվ


2230 ʷ
·𿴳˹ŷɻ󣬽΢΢̾Ϣһ˵ľ֣ش֮һʵ̫ǿˣǵ˺ܶļǺޣĴ֯ıһǸʱȻ˵һսʵϣȴǽһһս
ʲôŷ级ȻһսҲ̫˰ɡ
ѹֽһᱻٵǵʵǿܹս򣬾ԲǶ֡
Գ˺վһߣȫ̲סĿɿڴʷʱҲ̲ס𾪣嶼ڲ
Ǽģһ뵽սֳ棬ǾͿƲסԼ壬ֳ棬Ƿǳ𺳵ġ
һսȻˣǾһ㶼ˣΪԵ֮еʿ
ǲ³˹ŷǵ뷨ҡͷȻ˵ȫʢʱڵһǿĳǵʵӮˣû䣬һǿߣѹһɱɱ˲֪֮еǿߣȻʧ˲ˣȴʤˣһɨ򡣡
˵ȻͬҲ̲ס¶ȵɫ
һսŽһѹֳ棬һҪ޷ȶסԼ
ʤˣŷ綼ԼԴá
ֻǣһʤĻ˼ǻкܶǿߣһô䵽һز
ΪʲôһΪӣŷ̲סʵ
ңΪľǿڸ޵֮Уߵ۷壬ǣȴûһΪ벽ѣΪȻǿ󣬵ҪΪһȻЩ
٣ڽ쳣ϵľ֮Уǵĳϣǰ벽ѡ
ܼ򵥰ɣΪһڣǸ磬ֻһٵеǿߣҵΪϵնҵ츳뵽ʲôֲ飬ɫ֮оȻһ˿塣
컯졣ŷ³һ֡
Ҳֻ컯죬˵еѾһΪѵǿߣܹһ㡣
컯춼ֻǴ˵ȴ֪Ĵڣҳɾ˳ѣֻһɱ˽һ֮ˣû˿ԵסһǸʱҵΪǰ벽۷壬ֻһܹΪһĴڡЦ뵽ǸµĴڣڶľȻȥ޾£Ǹʧˣ֮жҲϢ̲ס
һܵٴĴҲӵģȴ˱֣ɴ˿Կܵ˶Ĵ
ͬʱҲԴӽıп컯Ǻεǿһлɱһǿߣ˲ɵС
̫ˡŷ̲ס̾
Ƿǳ£⻹Ǹµģ컯ڴ˲֮ʧˣǰ˰·Ѿˣ˭Ҳ֪컯ʲôطҪʲôһָо컯ƣ򶼿ӣĳĿġɫص˵
ŷͷҲָо
ô򵥣δֻһѣ컯ҪĻҲһ֡ŷЦ
뵽֮·ǸڣĲʲôĻŷ취ųʱ컯Σ˶ǳѾǿߣŷ粻컯ܹ׻ܶԷ
һ£Ȼŷ˼֮УȻǸĸ֡
ŷûϸ˵Ҳûʣֻȴ˲١
ҪĲ컯⣬⣬һǰȻУǽȣǶвüͷ˵
ŷͷҲΪһ㣬Թŷҽġ
ҪԸ㣬һβɳʲô֣һ벽Ѿ˲ˣʵӦÿԿ⣬ǵ˽ʵ֮󣬾Ͳôˡɫ֮дһĨأһǿ󣬸򣬵վǹȥʽˣžԵʵѹǡ
ǸҾ͸ɱ벽ΣֻҪˣȫԻɱǡŷŵ˵
һ壬ʩչͨս
һ㣬Ҳǳȴҡͷ˵̫С˰벽ˡ
ʲôŷ罫Ŀת
벽ҲŵȣǿˣھԲǶ֣ʵʵҲսѾﵽ˰벽Ѿ磬еһ֣۷ǰ㲻Ƕ֡˵
ŷȻףδ޵ߵͷȻǿ󣬵Ǿ벽ѻźܴľ롣
۷ڣĺܿܲǶ֡
ߵһˣһ㣬Ǿȴ߳ô࣬ôҲܲĶ֡


2231 
ʵҲ㹻ˡǿ϶˹ŷʵ
һŷһ㶼ɣ벽֮е۷Ҳܽ¡ִڣ϶׳֣һŷܿ϶
ȥɣȵסһչֳԼʵ齻ҡ˵
ŷЩɻĿ˽һۣڽһѾϵŶˣȻ˵ֻŷЩ⡣
һĵϵǱɱˣǲҪˣһеϵһЩ֧ҲʱǶһˡо˸
죬Ȼʵŷ磬Ʒһ㶼һ־ϰ
ŷʱ׽˼¶һĨϲɫ֣лǰ
ǵĹϵ˵ĻһᾡĽЩ˾ۼһģ˵õĽҪİЦָ
ŷͷûʲôŵ
ǹŷΪˣȴǳʹ˵ֻֻҪ˵һŷ綼Ҳûκùŷ̬Ĵ㡣
֮ˮ
㻹ȥһʦϼһҲһЩԶáѵ
ŷͷȻ뵽һ㡣
ʼѧԺǿӦòֹ򵥡
ŷҵ֮˵飬ķӦܼ򵥣ֻùŷع飬ʱһ֡
ҲûκαʾֻһĨЦ˸оܲá
ŷ뿪ص硣
һ뿪ûнֻƬֻǴ޵еǿߡ
һǷǳˣͽԳ˺ǻӭǶһܳĸо
ŷȴû̫˷ܣףĿˡ
ʲô񣿡ֻʧɫŷĻ֮˵ɫˡ
񣿡Щʵ
˵ͷֻɫÿ˽ǿߡ
ǵĽ֮˶ЩĬһȺ벽ѣҲ̫ˡǿ֯ȻҪͨŷ磬ֲùŷ粻ô˷ܡ
һӴʹһԵú΢޷⡣
ô죿ɫء
һǿߣӦÿԵסԺǿߣмλӦÿ԰ҵסеĻֻܹʱܣȵΪ֮󣬲Źվǿ⡣ŷҡͷ˵
ŷĻ˵ͷҲֻ취ˡ
ֻ뵽ֻǶо̲ס𺳡
һӴܹ֯𣿼ʹԯݺĸ콾ʱҲĬȻҰħһ仰˵ɫò
˵ǿѾǵĳܷΧ
ʲôˣһսҪ־ܣǲܵġЦ˵
һѱˣҪֱӻ죬ڼʹ֪һֲĴڣҲ塣
ʵδظĹ𡣡ֻͻȻ˵
ΪΣŷǽĿֻ档
ֻ浭һЦ˵֪ΪʲôôĴ֯Ȼɵ磬ȴδй𣿡
컯죿ŷоһ
Ŀ˹ŷһֻۣͷ˵컯죬Ĵ֯磬ҲΪ컯ԭ֮Уһ컯ǿߡ
˭磬˭ҲңΪ컯ʧ˭Ҳ֪һʲôȴŭ컯ĻĴ֯Ҳס컯һˣ֮£Ϊϣһֻ϶˵
ƲƲ죬ЩҲû˵ʲôϾľ粻ⲻǸεǿߡ
һҲǶ컯̽ŷͻȻ뵽һֿܡ
ֻͷ
ŷɫ΢΢һһֳ˴󶯾컯첻ֵĻΣˡ
뵽ɲ
һʱ䡣ŷһ
˰ţһʩչ˼ͨػ硣
ŷ֪ͨЭ
һʱظʱҪֵĻ϶Թۡ
ȻҲףǹŷ类ˣ֮УܹĴ֯ǽҲὫ
͹ŷô˵һϵƣҪͬЭ
һʱ䣬գ۱ȥˡ
һѷ֣һȺǿ߽֮Сͷһɫ۵ӣӰ˻ģһ˫ɨ춼ڲ
ΰ˵˼㣬˵֪һ벽ѵǿߡ
ķ򣬶ż棬޷Լ
һĻŷȻһЩ׼ǻ̲סһĺǿ


2232 ս׷
һ벽ѣһȺ޵еǿߣʵǳˡһԣɡ
ŷڣǸ벽ѿڣǳǿƣֱùŷ
ŭŷϵۣôܹǼֱҪǸˡ
ŷûĶŰ벽ѣŶԷװģ
ףһҴˡ
Լ˵껰֮󣬰ûжǸ벽ѶʱŭˣûмһˣȻĻ
ŷ磬ٲĻ򡣡Ǹ벽Ѽɱ
㶯ԡһ𣬰һ⣬ն棬Ǹ벽кȥ
Ǹ벽ɫһ䣬û뵽Էֱӱ㶯֣С
һǷǳǿ󣬵ȴ˲
ָһ裬뽣ײ໥
벽Ŀ棬һɱȻ
ͷڹ꣬ҳˡЦһĳ
ŷվ˳һȺˣŶԷʵһͷĻᶼûС
ǿƣ˿벽ѡ
׷ǵһ˺˵ĻǸ벽ѿڣĳ
ΪŷԼĶֻ֣һ޵жѣȻսΣվṳ̂ǵľ磬սĹ
ԣ̫ŷУһӡ
ŷ磬ȥҲ㻹ܹһ㡣ȻĿڣŷ˵ţоһʩᡣ
ʹһЩǲǻҪл㣿ŷɫ֮Щ̵˵
׷Ȼŷ˼ȻһЦ˵òҪƲԳԷƣûκκôҪףܹġ
ʲôŷͻȻʵ
Ƕ׷ʶĻشɫһ䣬ŭŹŷ磬㾹Ȼ񣿡
ŷһģ׷û˵ʲôʱˣԼ˵Ƕġ
׷һ㱻ǱŷĻǣȥǲ˵ĻڹŷȴһңҪѪĳ嶯
ԯݺǺЦȴҲǷǳءѾ֪ˣδŷ͵˶죬ֻڹŷǷ˵ʱ򣬲顣Ŀҵĵ˵־֮󣬻϶ֱսû̫ķϻ
ֱֻ֣ܹ˵һ㣬׷ʵǿ󣬾ŷ綼ҪԴϴԷ
׷ɫ࣬ֻŷ֮гɱ⡣
ھǹŷҪߣ׷ǺԸˣҪŰɱŷ硣
Ȼ㲻ʶ̧٣ҲͲˣ֡׷˵Լǿ߶֣Щǿߡ
ԼǶŹŷ磬׷ȻùŷԼĶ֣ȴһĸ޵УͲǹŷĶ֡
ԣԸŷҪԳ֡
Ϊ벽ѣ㹻ţԽŷ¡
ǱߵսѾչˣһʼǳҡֻǳ׷ϣ£δȡѹԵƣڼսƾУĳЩˣѹƣ·硣
һ֪ԼСˡ
ҲǺܵģֲû̫壬ʧ°ˡֻҪŷʣµЩˣ͵ס
뵽ֱӶ֡
ɱ
׷һ֣һµĹɫ£ȴùŷ綼ов
ŷûӲӣֱӶ˹ȥü罣ɳֱ䡣
޴Ľ涼ֳ룬ֱɱ˹ȥµĽһ׷û
ҿ׷𣬻ɣ齣²ɵУͷɫĳ趯ͬһָ¡
սᡣ
׷ȣһ㶼飬ùŷ粻ԼĶ֣ȴûһ⣬ÿһζȫ֣ԼĹ
һɿֲһڹŷϣһֹҲһսһС
ŷһҵ˫ӡʥӡͣ˳ȥײ
䡣
һ죬ŷ絹ɳȥԵЩǱûиˡ
һĻ׷ͫȵʱףԼҲСۣԼеĸ
˵ģǽֵ⼸Σʾ˹ŷսֺ
׷һͬʱŷ硣ףԼٴĻҪԴ
ʵǳҵϡ׷Ŀ˸Źŷ磬һĨ𺳡
ŷһЦʵûгҵϣˡ
һϵӣ׷ɫһ


2233 
С̫ˡ׷ЦɱȻֱָŷ硣
һи֣һŷֹȥ
򡣡׷Цһе֡
ŷֱӱֽȥ޾׹˸£Ϣ΢΢ɫŷ綼òϣѾ㹻вˡ
ߡ
ŷߣֱӶԿȻ֡
Ҫһǿ춯أ
ȻɵĴ׷ԴžԵƿǹŷȻƿˣȫ飬ʲôʣˡ
׷һ𣬺˺ü硣Ȼ۳һǹ¡
棬оɱڼսЩˣȫ̲סˣǸ޷ɱ̫ڿֲˡ
ŷƿ罣ֱնƾ죬涼ˣȻ£ãã޾ǰγһɫĺ
뽣ײ˲ըһ̣ȫ˳ȥ
ŷ絹罣ȫɱȥ
׷һѳǹ趯Ǻӣ綼ˣ޷ڣ֮⣬ǹĵطһжˡ

һ죬ŷɳȥһѪǿȻˣһײ֮бˣѪɽ
ԯݺģ֪ãǹŷսܵĻ֮û˿Եס׷
ۡ
ǵĵʱ׷ըȻŷһˡŷɨɳȥҲ˴ۣ飬ŷֱն
ֻּǿߣȻô׾սԪۣ֮иաȻָ
Сˡ׷ɫأŷʵȫ֮£Ȼѹ
׷ôû뵽ģҪ֪ŷ粻Ÿ޵о磬Ѿǰ벽ѡ磬Ƿһǿϣֱ˵֮
Ǵʱŷڸ޵磬ԼˣռϷ硣
Ҵûи߹㡣ŷ絭һЦ˵һ㶼
׷ɫһڣҲ˵ˣΪ͹ŷ˵ʵ̫̼ˡãԼҪٺ͹ŷ˵仰벻ǱɱģǱġ
ǹգֱѹ䣬޾档
ǵԵµ˼㣬벽磬ŷ޷ԵĹ
һ򣬱õһЩǸûãֻʩչûнǸ㡣
һ·ֻҪޣſµǧɳѡ
⣬ŷ絹ǲپˡֱӿ񱩳֣罣գûһһѣ׷˹ȥ
С׷ЦΪ⡣
ǹһ𣬱һҪЩû罣
ֻҪ罣ı壬޷в
ڴʱŷЦˣֱӺȳһֶϻ꣬µĲ׷ϡ
һ̣׷ֱըһֶϻ꣬һֲԹŷڵľ磬ʩչ֪ͨҪµʲôز
ǿͬ׷ʱҲˣû뵽ֿµͨءһһֶϻ꣬һ㽫ɱ
һۣؾֻɫЩ԰ס
׷ɫѿδ壬һθ˵Ԫʵ½˼㣬ֻʣս
ŷˣȻһ־ֵĸо
ɱ𣿡ŷʵ
ûκԥٴγȥУ׷ٴαŷ塣
һΣδһͣתӡ
׷ףսȥɣûһһ벽ѵĴҪߣĺ׷ϵġ
ʵϣŷҲûȥ׷ԷĴ㡣
Щ׷£йŷļ롣׷Щ¸ͲܵסһߵĹ
һȺ˺ܿȫնɱһʣ¡
һߣûܵκˣֻˣû̫Ӱ졣
϶Цݣ쳣˷ܣ𣿸ͲеôսʤȻ׵ıǴˡ
˷ܵɫŷЦϽѣǲҪ̫ˣȻЩȷʵĳԱǾԲǴռţһë㲻ϣһǰԱһθӿ¡
˷ܵɫЩˣһȺ˶һۣԷеء
ʲô񣬸ҳ־Ҫ׷ģ۵˶ǿҵȲ塣ȵ˵
ʱĳΪһصǿߣȻǹŷ죬ȴĿϱǿˡǿۣҪܹ죬ǺףҪþֶΡ
⻰˵ĺãʲôҾ͸ɱŷЦԼӵһ仰ǿɱ⡣


2234 ߵ
ۿعݴ硣
ǻǲ֪Ǻεȿ£ȴ֪ԼִۣӮһʤ̡
ŷЩĻУص֮С
ֻӰûͣ೤ʱ䣬ʧ˴֮С
һɽۣһӱŷסЩɵĶŹŷ磬һʱҪߵӡ
ھ죿ǲࣿŷ絭ʵ
Ǹ¶ȵɫ̲ס˵㲻Ӧ֪Щġ
𣿲վ֪ģң㵽һŷ絭һЦʱһǿƶûУȴһַǳµĸо
һָоʱĹŷ磬Ⱥ׷սʱҪӿ¡
ΪʲôָоԼҲ˵ȴһַĵļɵ
Ҳ˵˵
Ҿͽ㵱ˣȻǵˣұ㲻顣ŷһ⣬һӴƴϱǸӺ˺ü
ɱ׷Ҳͬɱңҵʵ׷Ҫǿһ㡣˵ǿסеľ塣
ֻԼˣ⻰֪Ϊʲô˵ľȻô顣Լ˵Ǽٻһһ㶼ûе
㲻оԼ˵⻰ʱе̫𣿡ŷ̲סЦˡ
ŷĻһȻĶŹŷ磬Ϊʶһֿܡ
ܹɱ׷ǹߵġȻЩȷǲ֪ΪʲôȴһָоҲࡣ
ŷ絭һЦ˵㻹Ǻܴġ
Ϊʲô̲סʵ
նɱŹŷ粻֪һ㣬׷İ벽ѣһǴ󻼣ӦþնɱŶԡ
мˣŷûлشһ⡣
һ
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սǵʵ״ﵽĸ磬ǿԿ϶ǵľδ벽͸
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һ£ǸӶʱ׹ŷ˼ˡǹ⽫׷ߵģΪ׷֪ӵйŷսˣֻһǹŷ罫׷Ҳʵǳµ룬ʱģͲǼ벽ѵôˡ
һˣǾԲᳬ벽ѡǸʱҲǹŷֵʱ
벽ѣʹ֯ʧǿߣҲͬ۵ġ
ֻǣ޷ǣŷаնԸ벽
ʵĻȻ񣬿¶Ҫһ¶Դ̬ˡϾǹŷǿѵĻ¶Գסı
ЩʲôͻȻ뵽һ⣬ôصĴ㣬ԷӦøԼŶԡ
Ҫ;ˡŷֱ˵
ɫ䣬ŷ羹ȻϤݣȷʵǾһϣֻλǺܸߣġҪȻĻּӵҲǰ
ȻֲֻԶԵģĴ֮֯УǸ߲㡣
ܡҡͷ
Źͬĵˣ֪֮䣬ǺѺãҽˣֻкôκλŷ綢ӡ
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ǾˣԹˡŷһ£ȻֱƤҲֱ̧˵
ԷĿɿڴҲ̫˰ɣԼֻ˵ͬˣŷͱһ̬ȣһôӣӿЦá
ڹŷĲһ㶼ҷһʵܿ£ԶԶ֮ϡ
˹֣һ仰û˵ת뿪
뿪֮󣬹ŷֱ˺ѿռ䣬һط
Ը;۽ˡһŮӣ绪ȺǶҪϼ֣ŷǰֱ˵һ˫Ӵˮ⣬Źŷ磬ջ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
Ϊ˼ϲˡŷϵģŮ˵һ仰
ŷ´һŮӣͻȻʵʲô֣
ޡŮӿڣ˵Լ֡
ŷͷֱ˵ˣҲԹˣҪٿ㣬ȻĻݾǵأںͲˣûȤ
Ȼû뵽ֽ
Ϊʲô̲סʵ
ҿ㲻ˬŷֱӻشȻһ̤ʧ
ֻһɱһֱں޵ϣɫѿһͬ뿪硣
һɫħɽ֮ϣվһɫս׵Ůӣһͷ̷һѳѪӦŷֵʱ򣬳ʣȻն䡣
챾˵ſϢģ˯ˣűѣϽġ


2235 ѹ
ѪɱȻƾ졣
ŮһŮսѹ죬ǿҪ̲ס޷ϡ
ܿϧԵͬһս񣬹ŷ֣ʥӡգסһ
վŮӵ󣬶ŮӣȻ³֣
ŮӺƽǹŷȴһ㶼ҵǸղžͲǿߣ˵ֻСһں
Ůȴһ쳣ǿ󣬸ղһն㱬˿ڹŷǿս
˲ãԲܹȵġ
Ůû˵ѪһѪ⣬ããȻ纣Хһ㣬ŷѹȥ
Ѫ죬ɱޣŮͬʱ֣һɫЩ͹һ𣬻һĹɱŷ硣
ơ
ŷٻ罣ͬǿɱȥͨ죬ʮǧǵءȫѪˡ
ǲ
һжϢѡȴվɸֳϣȴһ˺ûС
ԷǿǹŷжϣҲûоԵģһһ£Է¡
ŷҲ壬ȻǹŷȻԼĵơ
ԷҪŷ粻ֱͣչ˹ɱ
ȳ֣һֶϻʩչǸŮӱɫ
ԷȻܵһֶϻ׳ܡ
Ůӵˣͬʱ巢⣬һ֡ͼסһֶϻǳϵģӸãһֶϻ껹ϡ
ŮӵѣһըվǱȶסˡ
Źŷ۾ҲûһӣȫǾɫ
ƭ׷Ů˵
Ҳƭ㡣ŷֱӳϣЦݣʲôɳܵ飬һֹ١
Ůû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ֮߳ĶûУ˵֪ʲô⡣
أŷ۾
˵ȥĻ϶ҪùŮЦ˵Ļùŷһͬʱرһ⣬Է˵ȥĻùĲĳԱ
ŷ粻ľ˵ȥڲˣͲ֪Ĵ㡣Ůӣȴ͸
ֻһ취ˡŷ¶һĨЦ
ŮӶʱ쵽ŷɱ⣬ĮȻ˵Ҫɱңƾʵһء
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Ц
ŮһЦͬʱһɷŭһΪԼ˭Ȼ
͵Ҵ˵ЦرϣǲͬĻҴͬ⡣ŷܹϣŮˣǿƵ˼㡣
ŮЦһмеĳѪ𶯣ʱ׼һս
ŷʲôû˵һ壬һģһĹŷ֣ȫӵս
ܵŷϴϢŮȻᣬʱҲЩɣôܣʲôͨȻһ˿ԻΪԼˡ
Ȼһֳ϶۷徳磬ֺηأʵʵսʵӰ첻󣬶ͬĸ֣ȫŤתս֡
𣿡ŷЦŮӡ
ҽ룬ӮˡŮӿڣ˵Լ֣Ȼվûһľ
ùŷ翴ЩۣҲûж˵
ֻһ֣ѹס˵İɣ֮һ뿪Ҳˡ
Ǵ棬ͿԿԲһƲ磬ŷȻԸĵˡһŵ
Ͼ˵֮䣬ȷʵûʲôͻ
û˵ֻؿ˹ŷһۣ㾲վȻҲһ㶼Լİȫ
ֻҪŷ粻һɵӣͲڵ֮󣬻
ŷٴγڴ֮еʱѾ֮ˣûš
һ棬׷ӹŷӳֱӱص
׳ϣ鵽ô£һϵһû֮еǿߣݣλ棬׳ϡ
ʥǸŷʵ֪ҪǿҲǶ֣һ㱻նɱͷ˳׷˵һ㶼ûиѡ
֮ϵһЩˣʱ¶ԾɫҪ֪׷ʵȻ֮㲻ǿҲǰҪӽˣڴ֮Уаս׷ܣǱӣԼ¶˲ϵˣǺܶࡣ
Ǹŷôˡ
ֻĪ˵ңʹĪϣҲǶ֡׷˵һ㶼ûпĪϵʵǿһЩǾԲǹŷĶ֡
Ըܵŷսһǳ


2236 նɱ벽
Щ̲סһʥǰ˭˵ѣ׷ҲһԲҺҴŷʵҲ˵ŷֿµʵ
һŸ޵оСӵлܰ벽ѵһ£̲ס𺳡
һܽС¡ĪϿڡ
Ҳһеģһ컯ˡ
Īϡ׷ϡ쳤ϣһǸСʥڣ˳
ǡ
˵
׷ȻЩȴûж룬֣ȻŷҲǶ֡
ǿ߶һȺ޵Уǰ硣
ŷܿõϢǽԸġ
ǰʱö֣벽ѣһ˾Сŷ˵
ͷûжԣֱ
ڻֵʱ򣬹ŷ绹ʵӦһСһ֣ʵ̫ƯˡãʵҲˣֻйŷһԿǵİ벽ѡ
Ȼǲ֪Ĺŷʵһ˿Ե벽
һһ˽ĹˣԺ¾Ҳҹŷ鷳ˡƽûм죬һȺǿ֣߳£֮ǰҪ¡
ŷоһֱӴ˸˹ȥ
ûзϻչ˼սŷֱӻս벽ѡ
ʲô׷Ծ֪ŷ羹Ȼʵ
ͨµ˾Լʵͱͬ׷֪鷳ˣԹŷս˲Ķ֡
Ȼܳʵģְ벽֣򲻹һ޵С
дһʧܵӰһ׷ܿܣŷˣɰ
ŷһֱѹ򣬴ʱչľɱ
׷ɫʱŸܵŷսѹƵıҪɱ
ĪϺͿȫɫǵʵ׷࣬׷ɱˣȻҲк³
˶һۣһ˹ȥҪԮ׷
ãŷһЦ֣һסˣǴǱ˿ŷ綼Щѣ˵ȥԮ׷ˡ
֪ã׷Ǳɱ³ҲԺòȥ
к׷ˣһ˵ô򵥣ʵֱֲ˼㡣ֿµսľ
׷Ҳпԣʱ򣬲Լܵ˶Էơ֮ǰŷǲ׾ˣڲս
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ŷɹ׷Ǿͱˡ
޳Сˡŷһն׷ŭ
ŷ罣Ľֱɱ׷üġ
ʱ׷ƿ֪ԼΣˣȴûбİ취ֻܹ⡣һüһӵͭ˳ȥҪס罣

Ǹͭ飬ŷһ飬׷ɫ԰ףüĸǵѪԪ񰵵˼㡣
ŷҪ֣һɫıˣҪɱҡ
ŷûֱӳ֣Եȳһֶϻֱ꣬ӽ׷ˣ
һ벽䣬ڴ𶯣޾ûٳֹ顣
иУֱһѪꡣùŷŹ֣Ų졣
ǹأҲ롣һֱδ֣ӱܣǹŷҪҪ֡
һսҪԼȻĻԶӡʿ֮УһǿƵĸˣʱһӴʵҪֻҪŷչֳµǱҲδԸ
أŷ̲סһۡʾôΪԼĵ˰ˣЩҡ
ܿ˼룬һȥ
ﻹ벽ѣŷȻǡ
ŷ벽ѱɫ֪á
ߡ
쳤ֱ˵ƴűŷķһƣ˳ȥˡʵϣ֮Уʵǿ󡣾ŷҲûаɱ
Īϱɫ쳤ϵʵ֮ϣһ㱻ɱ˳ȥĻԲ϶ᱻɱ
޷ǿߣŷΧסʱĪ¶Ȼɫ
Ͷɱŷ絭˵
Ī̲סЦˣŹŷ磬˵ʿɱ裬Ͷǲܵġ
ڹŷ羪ȵ֮УĪֱԱ
ŷ֣һ󣬵סԱȻˣҲЩǱٵҲˣǽԷԱ
ŷһ֪ԼļƻˣͿĶˡ


2237 Ů
ΪʵɵĻٿԱ֤ƽһʱ䡣ǵĻŷҪİˡ
黶Ϊǿִۣߣˡ
ֻĺģȴĲףԼҪԵǺεȿµĴڡ
ͽܣġһ˳֣죬ǹʣԼӮһ
֪ʲôأŷ粻ֻıͽܣΪıǺѧģҪĻҲսʺ͹սһ⡣Ʋ죬û˵ԼҲԵ⣬Ըܼ򵥣ΪŷŮ
ʦ𣬼ʦǰŷ˵
һǰֱ˵ӡ
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סѾͷ֣һһͣʳʶ̣ǹŷ罫Ѿͷôһ
ùŷɫЩڣ棬ôܹļš
һε飬ɵƯҲ¶Цݣ͵Ŀ˹ŷһۡ
ķӦڴģһҪ¾ĳҵĻҪһսˡŷЩǵ˵ֻһˣݺ£˭Ҳ塣
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ȻҲţȴǹŷҪʱ䣬ܹɳΪǿߡ
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ѾźˣϮһǿߣͻ֣ȻʵһΪһ磬ƴԼشпһ겻Ľֹ𣿡ŵ˵
ŷ۾һʱ׽˼ˡ
һȻȫٵˣȻЩһĲ쳣ǿýĿκˡ
ŷҲھ̾Ǵһ֮УԿȫʢʱڵĽһǺεǿ
лǰŷĵĵл
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ܷŵÿһˡ
ݺĵǿߣ֪Ѿ˰֮Ҳһ۸ǷģֱŽ۵
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ŷӡϣһֱ֪ŷһЩ顣ʱŷ罫ų̲ס˵һ䡣
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ˣ߰ɡŷӣܺ棬Ů˵ϵ׷ʲô飬ȻԸìܡ
ǰŷ϶Ż῿£һⷽ¶ûС
Ѿǵ˵Ǹˣ̫Σܹʱ˼
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ȿȣҪɱ㣬Ͷˣαصȵڡŷ˵ŮǴģѾͲɱղŲ˵һˡ
һЦŷ绹е˼ԼΪǸԭĻĿԺ͹ŷ罻һ¡
ֻǣʵȴ
ʵȲѵĿԣһ֣Ҳܵӹŷ硣˵ʵļǿҪĶˡ
ˣţǻټġ˵Ȼһ̤뿪
֪Ϊʲôŷ羹ȻһȻʧĸо
֮УݺĳԱЩţڵȴǰǳǵϵǣʱȥˣδǰŷȴһϲ¡
һŮӤԯ͹ŷĺӡ
ŮӤ츳ףһӵлߵʵ츳Ǿ˵˼㡣
ǵŮԯ챧ŮһĸԵĹԡ
ͽųɣ˼ܹԽҡŷһƨ˵

ԯֱһŽŷ߷˳ȥų磬һôԼŮһ÷硣


2238 ͻ
ͽЦЦɣϣԶЦԯһֱ֣İˡ
ǺܳףǼŵԯŮΡһͨϿ˹ЦЦ֡
ʵľùųͦõġŷ˵
һЦЦмȥֱӺ˹ŷϡ
СѾͷȻճ˵ȴӶС첲һܵӣѽѽڱԼ׵Ĳ
ĿɿڴȻ̲ס̾ѾͷҲ̫ˡȻ˹ŷĻַ顣
ղһҲǹŷʵǿԲܹʲô鶼ûСһ֮µĴڵĻ»ֱӱɵ
СѾͷߣһӵлߵʵ̫ˡ
ЦЦĽһƬ鶼ΪλС
ٳδȴùŷһֱǳš
벽ѵĸֱɱԷһ㶯ûеĻҲͲˡһȻ֮ϣ޷ȡ
ʮʱ䣬ЦЦŲС̫ǷˣһǻߣҪɴģ֪Ҫꡣ
ѾͷۣѾʼٶȣֲľˡ
ʮ꣬ȻѾΪˡ
ԯݺзֹѾͷ̫ˣҪ˶೤ʱ䣬ܹԽﵽǵĲˡ
ۣͣ۵Ŭĸһ˿Ҫץסһһʱ䣬Ϊһ벽ѵĴڡ
ʵȻǺǿ󣬵֮£е㲻ˡ
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һɱκθ޵еǿߣּǿҲһǶһۣԷеĸ̾ʵѾԶԶԽˡ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬һǧ꣬Ǹʱŷ绹ֻһӵн쾳սСʿգ֮䣬Ѿ֮ˡ
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һ۵Ĺ˵֮бúܶʿäл֣̿Ϊܵпµӿ˲ٵΡ
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ʵϣҪٵһ棬Ҳ벽սܹġһ򣬻ûô
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ڹŷսһѾ˵ʵˡȻֻǸոս磬ǿһ֣˵㹻ˡ
Ѫ˴߳ЦЦŵùǺӳڣǵһμԼǿĸ׺ôǱӡ
СѾͷ֣һٲ֮иֱ֣˵ϣǽһ
ϵѪҺ֮ЦЦ֣һ˵˵Ұְֺ塣
ŷ˿ЦУҲֻܳ谮СһŸ顣
˺ƵӣȫӣһǱģΧһЩ̲ס͵Ц


2239 Ҳڽ
ϲĵ̤һɾͰ벽ѡأһ
κ磬ȷʵô״ﵽġʹǽվڰ벽ѾߵĴڣҲһҪһ̤Ǹ磬ĺѡ
ҶѡЦݣ˷ܵ˵
ǫˣ֪Ϊͻתʮÿһߵ˾ߡʮɣΪ
Ϊ̫ˣ˸̾
λҲΪ벽ѣֻʱˡ˼һۣЦ˵
ǵͷƺѵ·ǲûϣǶǾ콾Ǹ磬û̫ͬ˵һֻʱ䳤̵ˡ
ڹŷ磬û˻ɣ̤·ǿƽ벽Ѿ磬һȥŷͿԽ޵ˡ
ı֣һ˵ġ
˵Ƕ콾ǹŷǾԵеףǶŵ֪
ôŷʵ
ûκζǸʲô鶼ûзһҲûǿ߳֡üͷΪɻĵط
ŷҲüͷе㲻ͬѰ
ŭһȺǿɱҲȴùŷһֲ̫õĸо
Էƽʲô
ЩͲǹŷܹ֪ˡԶԣ˽ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳһ£ǿʱԼʵرŷ磬ʱһ㣬˵һ£˶ʵҲǼõġЦ˵
ŷȻԼʲôϵ
Ҳ뷨ŷ粻ӡһ߿ڡ
˽ĿⶢŹЦЦŶ󣬲ʮ꣬ѾӵۼսˡҪߵһһ붼̲סڴ
ΣҪܵáЦЦӶСȭͷһ˷ܵ˵
ȿȣǽҵ˰Ĵڣôӵģ룬ҲôʹȻû취顣ŷҡͷ
ΪҪӣÿŮһӣǻѼĴۣĻȻĽϣʵ̫ˡ
ȻһŷãͿ϶ǳ죬Զǿߵá
ԭܼ򵥣ŷѪ֮ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ȼףֻ棬ǽô꣬ûã˵һС
ŷȻΪһҽɣҽһвֶ֢Խ־ڤڤейˣܸı˵壬ȴ޷ı
ƽˮתѾǰꡣ
һʱ䣬ڷԾ˵ʵڷﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
۸ֱӽ˰벽ѵľ磬ȻһҪ鹦ڽڣԼΪ벽ѵľˡ
ȻǲߵϽ·Ǹݽָ㣬߳һԼ·ǿġ
ŷ磬ǰһս۴Цһսŷ硣
ȻͻƵʱ򣬿Ժ͹ŷһ࣬ʵҲԡ
ϾĴҲ㹻ƾãô£һͻƣʵǷǳ˵ġŷվڸ޵еľ磬δ̤һ
۾ãʹԼǹŷĶ֣Ҳ̫ࡣ
Ըõģǽȴǲпġ֮ڣ۱ѹŷŻ
֮⣬˶Ŀɿڴ
Ҫ֪ͻƲĶ˿ڵڹŷУȴͬСһб£Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ڽŷҲڽֻĿ죬һߵЦ˵̲סһۡ
Լһ⣬۹ŷͻûУҲһֱûͣЪͻƾ磬ŷʵûǿ
ðǰ۹ȥŷ磬ǾԲԵģŰ
һ㣬ۿɥԼһζһ㶼ԩ
ô˵һ벽ѳ֣˵һĺ飬˻ףˡ
ݻڣХȻܼ
ԽԽǿǾԽϲ
ʿףֻǿˣŲ˸ҷԼͬ˵Ļһ۸ˣǾҲܹñ۸
ʿ۵Ļǰٷ֮ŷġ
䡣
ͻȻѿһռѷ죬һѪӰ˳ȻѸվӰ˷ɢİľķɱ
֮Уֱվ硣
ŷҲܵƲһһۣǳȣǿߵϢ˿ڰ벽ѡ


2240 ֮
˶ˣǸϹȥΪѾ֪ԼȺ֮еһ֣һԶԶԽڵİ
ɫޱȣһ޾Ǻӱ˦ٶȿ쵽˼㡣
硣
һѪӰվ֮УɢϵΨҶϢ֮˼Ļڲ
Ǹתӻ̺棬ޱȡ
Űðϳſںܵܡ
Хֱӳ嵽Ǹ˵ߣҪס
ʱ򣬶ԷȴһϢȻʱסˣǰȴǺɳȥԡѪһըˡ
ú˶ɵۣô£ǵ𣿸ǰֳΪλ˺Լİ档
磬ôˣòȶƣ𾪵ʵ
ףԼֳԼֵģֻһԭԼҲƲס֮еϢ
ζԳ˴⣬ȻĻһСʿܹƿסԼ֮еοʿ
ҿҪˡȻϵΨҶϢӰ˻ϣ򣬵ȴЩ̾Ϣ˵
ȫ𶯣ǲţһǿʼ棬ȻҪˣôܣ
ôǿ˾ã޵еۣҲδԼʼĶ֡Ϊʼʵ̫ˣְԵǿǬ޵ϵ¡
ܣôض㡣𾪣ŵ˵
ǿˣҲվоͷֻǻһ۹磬ս޾£ɱڹ֮УѪȵһӷǳƽǿ֮һУֻδ˵޿κΡ
̾ϢЩοĿ˰ЩĳԱһۣ˵ٻع黹ܹˣкܰοҲûʲôźˡ
˵֮ڵϢĸӶˣǿͬǶ޷վϽˡ
ɫˣСһλǿʼ棬ܸˣǽȴ˱ˣԷҪˣ䣬ʧ֮䡣
תֻΪ˿һˣһ۹磬Ȼ
һ˾Ȳ㣬۾ԿԣڣԲ˵뵽һˣҽʹԼĴֻʣһ飬ҲܹȻ
ԼȻǻܹŵס
ȥۡҪȥŷ硣
Ӿȣ״̬ɣͲܾȵˣԼڵϢ޷סˡܹԼҲûǷʵӽԼ
˵ͻȻһµĹ⣬һ
֮ʲôʱĸˣɫ𺳣Ǹ
û뿪ȴ˳ԼĻǸһۣһ˵ʱʱ¶ɫۣȾҴ硣
ŷͷЦ˵ҵϡ
޵У㼴ʹоҵֶΣȴûоҵʵ޷ӽңϧˡ˵ɫ֮΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
ŷʵ˲١޷ӽԼԸͲܾۻ࣬ͬǰ벽ѣȻȴԽӽΪơ
ôܹ֪ҶǰľǳȤҪ֪ǰﾭʲô飬ǿߣ˴ŷЦ˵߹ȥ
Ҫҡͷֹŷ硣
ӵĻ̲סЦˣİɣ۲µġ
˵λۣͲǧ꣬Ϊ컯ԺȻ֮еĶʶ벽ѣԲ⣬ôܹ׷գΪһ֮ˣԼֵáӴȣ֮һϣͬһִأ̲ס塣
ǰģŷʵûôŷ絭һЦǶǰһЩøС
д壬磬ˣֵþ塣һģŷ綼
ֱǰУӵϢΧ֮С
̲סҡͷǴʱѾˡ˵һˣƲסڵܹ磬ֻΪ˿һĹ
ʵϣͷҲֲڡ
֮ӴѾƲסˡ
ֻǣŷıֵʱȴ̲סɴ۾
ôܣӾ˺ȫһľ֮еЩϢȻŷ磬Ƕȴû̫ӡӰ죬һ·ǰУֱߵӵߡ
ʥǰС˰ɣԷһ𺳵ӣŷ̲סЦ˳


2241 ưʥ
𺳵Źŷ磬ʱʥڹŷ֮УܵһӴ벽ѡ
ֲðţŹŷԾֱ֣˵ŷ粻һˣ޵о磬ʵ벽ѣʵ̫ˡ
㵽ʲôˣʥ̲סʵ
ѪһСӰˡŷһЦֱ֣ʥ塣
ֻһ˲䣬ŷüͷ
úݶֶΡŷ̾
ʥüͷһѵһԼѾԼ֮е״Ūˣе̫˰ɡ
ʥϲŵɫŷЦ˵һֿµͨ䣬ֲ䣬϶Էֵʱǰܵ˿µشԲܹȡǰŲס
о仰˵ˣ˲ֶκݶΪɱķʥֱ˵
ŷ¶ȵɫȻͷ˵˵Ϣ֮УΪʲô˺صԹԭһԭ򡣡
Ҵо𣿡̲ס˵
˰һۣʥЦ˵㲻̫⣬ҵͲܾȻʹǳǿ֣߳Ҳܾȵҵ
ŷͷȻϿɰʥĻ
ðѵûһϣ𣿲Ҳŷ綼еĻ֮УľûܹԼˡ
ŷ¶Źֵɫ̲ס˵ֻ˵ǿҲԾΰʥǰ˵ҾȲˡ
˻һ˶һ
ǵУһ뷨ǾǳǿߣܣΪǴ˵еĴڣʿ׷վĿꡣ
Եʥ͹ŷ綼϶˳ǿ߶Ȳ˰ʥʱȻܵΪŷҲȲˡ
һǱʶǸûҲЩ鳬ǿ߲ó
ܡһĳԱ̲סߺ
ĻһȺ˶ڸߺ۵֣ùŷ̲סӡ壬ڶԼһҶûУҪ֪ǰɻǵء
ֽǹŷҪģӰʥϣûиоκε⣬һԴСùŷһ²⡣ҲԶţ;һ֮Ĺϵеô
ܹңʥܾȣ״Ҫˣת
˲УȴԣǰҪֿҿʼơŷŵ˵֮дһţʥĶȾˡ
˵ͷ˵ɡ
ȻܻĻҲš
رһǿߣӦ޾²಻ģȴҪǲĵģֻҪһ˿ĻᣬŹ
ʥ첢ҪԼмֵѡ
ŷͷ˵ɫѪְ档һжˣֻд۵ĺɫġ
֮Ԫȫŷ֯ʱİһ
βôڶɽ٣ϯ棬ʵֲ̫ˡ
׶ԼıԴڸβ˵Ϥ˹ŷʩչֶΡ
ҽԶԶŷ磬ǴʱȴԿŷʩչֶΡϾΪŷĶӣҽٲܹʲôز
˶ݣñԴϲô򵥵ģҪԹˣΪˡ
ڹŷΪʥƣȻԼıԴȻ𺳡
ĳԱһȭͷһЩˣȻԾʧȥĵ⣬ҲôϿɣǴʱȴĵϿˡ
ñԴԼˣĶ飬ŷѾΪĶˡ
׵罻Ѫ硣
ʮ֮Ӱ֣ȫվɢһӰ˻ϵƣ˵˼㡣

ʥһƬը飬涼˲һ¶ϲɫȻԼϢ˾վȴͬһ𲻿ɺħɽһ㣬̲סӡ
еȫˣ˴ﵽ۷״̬ƾ춯ء
ڹŷ磬ͬվȻֻи޵еľ磬ɫЩ԰ף˿ڰʥ죬ƾ
ʥۡ
˶һۣʥͻȻϥ֮Уŷ纰
˶ɵˣȻ֪ʥʲô˼Ǳʾ˳
ֻǣŷ粻һˣͲҪ˶Щˡ
ŷ綼¶ɻɫûоܾΪŷǰʥǿߣǲĳһٶģȻȻɡ


2242 Ȼ֯
ʥָ˻졣ǸмŹŷ磬ǳݵԼԼʼ档
Ǵ˵еĴʼ棬һʵ춯أΪΪǿ֮һȫʢʱ򣬺ɨ磬ݺ£ҳ֣ϰ˻ģΨҶ
ֻǣЩʼ棬ȴͻȻʧˡдǽսһֱδع飬˵ѾսǴʱȴعˣð˾ϲ˼㡣
ŷ֣ΰʥ죬а˶Թŷģʹ֮ǰһЩˣʱҲԹŷҲûһ١
ݴ֮Уʥ˼һʱ䣬˵ʵȷʵսֻҵս֮սһ
ŷȻףǰʥ֪Ǹս֮УԲôѡ
ʵϣһǿİ벽ѣɵҳҲȴ
ԭܼ򵥣Ҫսʤһ벽ѣʵ̫ˣ˵ҪɱҪλ벽֣ĴۣҲܹ
ԣŷǵһʱ䣬֪Ǹս
ʵϣЩһֱڼս޾µǿһֱ֪ս˶ˣΪֻǲЩ˹ʥһ⣬˵
ŷһ̲ס˵˰
֪ʥ쾪ȡ
ŷͷԼ֪˰˵һ顣
ŷĻʥͷ˵ȷʵǱ˰Ǹ·ضˣһֱ޸ЩˣǱѡУͱ˰˼սٵ޸Щ·
Ҳ˵뿪ΪѡУͱ˰ǿ߼սȥˣЩֳͽҲš˵
Ⱥ֮УСģΪԼֳͽȫ˲⣬ȻĻЩҲûǵϢʥĻʱм˼㣬ǻûȥ
ʥɫһ΢΢ҡͷ˵֮⣬ȫս
ʲô׻סˡ
ͬŰ֪ȻϢ֮󣬶ڰĴǶôĴ
ȥ˭¶ᱯˡЩǿߣҲܳȻΪӵ֮Ǹӵϧ
ս̫ңܵȫ˰벽ѣȫսˣǸս֮ϣû˿ԳȻʥЦ˵
ŷһ㶼⣬˰˵ԴأԷΪ飬ƿ
ǵĴڣʵ̫ԶˣȻǿߡ벽ȻǾ㲻ϳȻǿ߶սοǰ벽ˡ
磬ϣƭҵġɬ˵۾ȴˡ
ʥ΢΢̾ϢȻЩȻǲǺܱˣѾʵʵϣԼֵܽսѾ޾£ıѾĥ֮еġ
ʥǰǼȻǴսսôңΪʲô֮еˣȴ֪ŷЩɻʵ
Ȼ֪˰ҲֻΪԵɺϵԭʵϣ֮еǿߣ֪˰Ĳࡣ
˵սô£Ҳ˽һƬսⲻӦһܲŶԡ
ǶǱѡеģսû˻֮ȻҲû֪Ĵ֯ǣҲһʥ͵
Ĵ֪֯Ǹսŷˡ
Ҳ𺳣Щš
Ǳã˵ѡ˵ĻӦĴ֯飬ǴӰʥĻȻǻ¡
Ĵ֯Ҳ֪ս飬ѵһȻĴڣĴ֮֯ϣ
Թŷɻ񣬰ʥ˵һܳȻ֯һֱںͱ˰һгǿߣǸ֮е飬Ĵ֯ǵУֻһȺ϶ѣֻڱҪʱѡһЩ˽ս
ԭʥ˵ǸȻ֮֯Угǿߵʱ򣬹ŷ𾪡
ܣֻһ컯ΪˣǳɾǸ磬ǲӦò֪Ŷԡüͷ̲ס˵
һھȻš
ǿһɾͣԴ޷󣬹ֻһ컯һ㣬Ҳǵ֪ҲûгɾͳѵĶ
Ǳ컯컹ҪԶأʥ췴ʡ
һ𣬶ʱװʥ˼컯컹ҪԶǸʱĴǿߡ
ֻǣ˵Ǹʱİ벽ȫûлڿҲĻл˴
ǰӦò׼ɣŷͻȻʵ
˹ŷһۣʥͷЦ˵ԲһǸ֯˷֣϶𷣡


2243 м
һĻʥȻŷˣǽ治˵
ǸȻ֯ûô򵥡ôδ½磬Ȼ˵һУֳͷԲ򵥡
ģڵһ㶼ˡʥ쿴˵ĵЦ˵
Щɻ󣬲֪ʥΪʲô˵
ǹŷ¶ȻɫЦ˵⵹ǣڳ˳⣬ǰϢǺ֮ǰȫһ
ŷĻĸһ
Ƕ¶ȵɫ
۵Ѫ̫ԵԱԴΪˣһ˿Ѫ֮ӲǺڵѪںһγһµѪһԴǰȫһڳܺýֻܱͣԴƾò˵ġʥЦ˵
Ҳ¶ȻɫȻ֪Ϊʲôʥ첻ˡ
ŷ֮УҲ𺳣һѪ֮ʵ̫ˣȻıһ벽ǿߵıԴϢֱ̫ˡ
뵽ЦЦǸѾͷǵȻˣҪǹŷѪ֮ôĻҲЦЦһŮ
ʱڱԹֹŷԼе̫ˣڵΪĻ츳
ȻֱԹ󣬹춼ᱻԼϵõͷǰ
ǰӣȻǲصһƬսˡŷһ̲סЩȵ˵
һƬսһˣҲκα仯ҵǿ磬úõĺദһʱ䡣ʥ̾
ȷʵصһƬսˣֵܽãȫսԼһǹŷ֣Ѿˡ
ڰʥ˵һƬĵأԸȥ
ȻصֻźԼ˺ú׽һ¡
ڵС̫ҪúõĽ̵һʥ쿴˰һۣЩ
ɫ΢죬֪ԼֳԼҲûа취ΪŷԭڻڱԵأоȥ̵ԼҲֻΪѡ
ǰع飬ʵŷЦ˵
Ȼǿʥʵǵս֮£ȹŷ綼ҪȻֶξĻŷҲ°ʥ졣
һǿߣع磬Ȼһ¡
Ȼʥ˵ԼһƬսûʲôӰ죬ȴһһ벽ѵǿߣһ塣
Թŷʥ塣
ĸ벽սǿߣʵѾ㹻ˡ
˵ڣҵȵǲһֱˡǶһۣȻ˵
ĸ벽ѣʵԹŷֶΣӵ벽ѵսʵȻ֯ҲɵĻѾòˡԽǣ׼ص֮С
лʦͽǰЩһֱչˡŷлǳׯء
ǽһֱİԼҲ߲һǣŷǷǳмġ
СӲúôȻǳǰӦõģ˵˵Щˣʵǵڴںײ֮УųʡЦ˵ǳĺ
ľڲͣı仯˶ܹܵĻǸһڲõĽ᳹׻ع顣
Ľ
ˣʦȻҲûнܶණȻһʦҾͲԼĵ۸ҲЦ˵ŷ֮гο
ʱ͹ŷ磬žԿ֮ʱԴ˵̬ȣȻˣοˡ
ŷж˵ͷȻû˵ϵĸмȴһ㶼û١ֻǣǵĹϵѾûбҪ˵ģȻĻԵ֡
ҪúöԴҵͽܣˣұӡ˹ŷ˵
ŷȻȻ˲Դϵ亹˵һһ
Ŭֻ˵֡
ڳˣ̲סЦˡǺټŷ˾ȵӣȻ˼
ŷƤҲֱӰ˵ЦʲôЦǸУŶҲ˲
˲䣬ܶɫֱһơ
ֵŷˣСЦԼѾԼûغðɡ
ҾãӦһˡһ𾪡
㿴˭ˣذħʵ
㡣һ
ذħɫֱ̣Զһֵɫ
ҲϲˡذħϽ͡
ҲϲղġЦ
ذħԣ̲סôڴ
ֵˣҲֵĶذħһòϲ˰ɡ


2244 ǿʢ
˴Цȫ˶ˡ
ذħǰһųϽһħ˭Ҳû뵽ദʵϽһħʵҲǷǳɧġ
Ŵڵӣʥ֮Уһ˿ɫеĽգûиܹġ
ʹǵļãǰҲһûЦȵг֮󣬸
ŷǵദðʥоһַǳصĸо
ĽǵԼֵܽҲڣӦøоðɡֻǣЩѾûлˡ
˰һۣʥ쵹ЩˣҺõˣûбѡУȻĻ³Ҳõȥ
һսпᵽ벽ѶԸٻȥԣɴ˿ɼﵽǺεȿ¡
գ뿪
ŷͱǣȻϴЦݣȴһ㶼ɡĸ벽ѣǿ󣬵һҪɱĻǻе㲻
ȻֻҪٵסһԷ϶Ͳ׳ˡ
ͬ˵һĸ벽ѣɵˡ
ŷڻۣߵľ硣һҪһ죬ѾǲܵˣֻвͣĻۣܹղɱ䣬ߵľ硣
ŷȻЩżȴܹסѭ򽥽Լʵ
ȻԼʵڱ˿ŷĽȴ쳣ٵġ
ڼ䣬֮У˼δսսǹŷд衣
Ͱʥд˺üΣṇ̀ǽ˶ֻһд֮󡣹ŷҲûкͰʥ춯ˡ
˭Ҳ֪˵۰ˣ޵УԲܣ϶սʤ˰ʥ죬ֻǹ˼ɰʥ棬ûн˵ǿ϶Ӯˡ
磬㵽Ӯ˻ˣ̲סʵ
ʵҲǳ棬֪˭ʤˡ
޵СʥܵȻ˵ĸ֡
ʱˣ޵УҲ˵ŷûаܡȻĻܵ˿϶ǰʥˡ
𺳣ֱЩš
ԼʵѾﵽ˰벽֮е۷徳磬ȴǹŷĶ֣ܣ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ŷ粻ֻи޵еľ磬Ȱ벽Ѳһ󾳽ء
ĺ˲Ǳˣϵһ࣬սŵر𣬵Ӳǽƣһƣÿһ㾳磬Ȱ벽֮ͬһ㾳ӵսҪ࣬ǿ¡ʥ쾪̾
һһŷѾΥ˳ʶ֣ڹ͵쾡¡
գϢǴȥˡ
龪̾۹Ȼ޵еģȻаճҲĶ֣߳һ󾳽磬ûΪʤ
ֻǣʹĳԱҲоѹһȻĸо
ôЩ꣬ŷǵУѾγһ޵еӡǹŷˣʹֵǵ棬ҲԽܡ
ŷӮˣзˡ
ðʥЦжڹŷ磬Ҳ̲סһǱ
ʱ䣬գ۹ȥˡʿָһ˲䡣
Ƕڹŷ˵ȴһѵõƽʱ̣ǵʵȫųĽ
һȺǿ𣬹Ǹ޵Уͳ˺ܶλ
һЩǿߣǿ𣬳Ϊ֮еǿߡ
ϴԯӢԯ޵У޷ȣȻʱ֮ڣȫ˸޵еľ硣
ǿ硣
Ǻ͹ŷһʱˣǹŷĳǸʱͬӵ޾⻷ֻŷĹ⻷̫ҫˣЩǿߡ
Ҳţͬʿһûܵʲôš
ǣǧʱ䣬ȫ𣬳ΪЦǿߡȻĴ֯ϣ벽Ҳдڣǲɷϣһ֮У򣬸޵ҲǾԵǿߣκ˶ӡ
磬Ŀʼǿʢˡ
ŷڵȴһᣬֻҪǸԷĵ뿪֮ĶԹ
ŷףԲ򵥣ԼܹĽһƬսĻԳ׽顣
ڴ֮ǰ鷳ܹ֤һʱ񲻻ǵ鷳ȻʹŷˣҲв
ոһյĵȴŷӵĳʱһȺǿߣҲ
һȺµǿߣ߶Ǹ޵УǺ缸ʮһɱ졣
ȫֿܵµϣвǿ߶Ĥݡ


2245 һȭ֮
ˣЯһɾƣֱѹǿƵ˼㡣
һ벽ѣ
ִ˵еǿ֣߳Ȼ޵ж̲סȫ˱ܣðĴڡ
ף鷳ˡ
һӳôǿߣȻҪҲˡ˸벽ѣһȺ޵۷ǿߣʵԸκһ
Ȼǿƣµ֯վǲ˺ܶࡣ
ܶǿ߼ԤеĻһЩĮȻһЩ˴ЦһЩ˲֪ʲôζЩ̾
ǣʱеĿ⣬硣
ŷδõϢȴѾʼ׼ˡ
֮߾裬ֲãȫΪСѪԣԤ⵽Ҫһ¡
ŷ²⵽ˣҪжˣȻĻںԳƵĴˡ
ңС쾳۷ʵ㣬һѪǿߣ޵оԲǰ벽ѡ
ȻѾ϶ŷȻҪ׼
ǿҲûη뷨һ߸ˣҪǣȾҪӵоѹǵʵĻŷǾԲһ
ս衣
Ѿǰˣʵ㣬踺أöԷ֮Сڵ磬㹻ĵκǿߡ
ʱ䲻һɿµϢС
ŷһʱףԷˣǿ߿϶٣Ҫ׻ٵӡ
ˣǡ
ˣȫ¡
ǰ벽ѵսûǵ飬Ȼ޵֮кԶΣҲ޷
벽ѵʵԽ޵̫ࡣ
ŷ磬һھ񣬳һ˾޴顣
ߣòӣƽɫսףͷƽڣ񣬵֮ȴ˸߸ϵо˻̲סҪȥ
ʣһ벽ѵǿߣͨˣҪġ
ֻǣȻǸ߹Լ͹˾顣
ûжãЩͻȻһŭ𣺡޵Уնɱа񡣡
γһһѳӣֱǸ˹ȥ
֮ۼһǿ˼㡣
ǿͬ߳۳ķ࣬Ҳ飬ʧڿС
ŷ羪ȣ֮ȻǿһĻһģߣֱӻһ벽ѵͨίʵˡ
им˵飬ķǳԼ˵Լе飬ȻĻԲָղŵһĻġ
ʥ쿴˹ŷһۣ̲סЩ̾ЩҲ֪ŷ֮еǺεȵλˡ
ȻڰĶԱУʼĵλ붼ûйŷĵλߡ
Ȼһʥһ㶼⣬Ͼŷ绹Ķˣܹм죬Ժ͹ŷѲ˹ϵжڹŷ磬ֻ
˵ŷǰһ̤˴ıԵ
һȺǿ߻񣬶Źŷǡ
Ϊ׵ǸˣɫսףŹŷɫ΢΢Щѿ
ŷȻϳ˶ԷǸղʩչͨˣֻ֮ƵˣȻоǳˬ
ŷ磬ǿûпŹŷ磬ֱ˵
ΪΣŷ練һ䡣
ɱǿߣΪлĻ᣿ǿЦ
ңЩϧǲ̧ٵĻһҪŷ絭˵ƽȴöԷֱӱŭˡ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˲ǷУ˵ûнǵһ¡
ǿЦɱⶸȻ
ŷ֣һȭգﱩԵҪױһ
Ȼǿ߷ǳǿԲôţһͶ֣ͲԼǹŷĶ֡
ŷһ⣬ȻȶԷǿƣϼתѪͬХһ㣬춯ء˵ȭͷǿײһͬʱˡ
ǿɫףŹŷ磬šӲȻ˾Ե·硣
ŷֻһ޵УûнУȴǳ˴ˡ
ǲ
һ죬ǸǿϵĽƫƫѣ壬ȭͷʼȫ
ֻһԪƣ޹⣬ƯȻɢµϢ
˫̲סȻǾ۵ʵ𣿲һȭ֮Ȼֲ˹
رһˣʱɫ׳


2246 
˭Ҳû뵽ǿȻ֪ս벽ѣɱ׷ǣǻû̫ŷС
֮вˣ׷Ҫ
Ǵʱȴ֪Լˣ۵ʵȫǵԤϡ
Ϊֵڿȴûô򵥣һСĵĻп
ǿԪת޸ƣ½۳ŷء
ŷһȭŭ侲
еǿ󣬲㻹ûһᣬʵҲֻĸ벽ѵսѣǵĶ֡ǿһ˵ϿɹŷʵȴΪŷкԼ˿ʱ

ŷ翴һۣ³֡
ýǿɫãԼЩ̧ٶԷˣȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ㶼ûǸʶе㲻ʶ̧١
ȻЦһٶ˵ʲôֻŷ񣬳⡣
ŷ粻Ǻ⣬һЦǵˣαظԷӡ
֣ɱǡǿ߿ڣȻһȺ֮ǿģȴǵλߵģʱڣ벽ѣȫվ˳
һĸǰԸʣµĽǰŷ˷䡣
֮ǰõģȻû顣
ֻŷ˵һҪĸʱ򣬽ǿǵһĨŭŷ羹Ȼǣǵܲײ
ֻŷһ㶼ûǣ㹻ĵ
սŷֱӻͬԼ˵һһ˵סԷˡ
ŷһģһҶ쳣ǿƣһ֣սĴǿߡ
ǿǺȻʱԼСˣȻӵĿµֲͨš
Ҳ̫ģվֻǷʹǿ󣬵ҲƵģǾãֻҪŷľͿˡ
ȻǸûо쵽ŷĲͬ˵ǷҲΪĴڡһǿߣܵģȻĻҪѷٵǾԲܵ顣
ǿҪŷķֱӺĵǸͲܵġ
ڹŷԼһ˶սǿߺһ벽ѣ󿪴ϣ²ɵһ˾Ȼѹסˡ
һµļս˶˼ֶΣͨԻϵ¡
ŷһ㶼ҵΪкԷ벽ѣһԼ΢һЩ⣬϶Ҫܣٲ
罣һֶϻֻ꣬أʥӡȸֶΣȫʩչǬ߸ˣһж顣
ȫǿµڽΪһƬǿͬ޵УҲ˲䱻飬޷ӽ
̫ˣ˾
ƵЩĸ޵Уֱ뿪֮УҪᣬɱ֮е飬ҹŷǵ
ֻǹŷһ㶼⣬һļսýǿüеЩһ
ҲģΪӴ̽ϢϷУ֮Уû̫ǿߡ
Щ˲֪ȣǰȷʵû̫ǿߣʱ䣬֮У޵Уͬһ֣Բ١
ʮ޵г֮ЩɵˣȫЩɣҲû뵽֮УȻôǿߡ
ǵõϢȫһʱЩĸ޵б˵ɱ飬ҶԷעˡİȫδܹ֤
սһ˲䱬ǽҲܿ졣
Щĸ޵У൱ǿ󣬵ǵվ̫ˣͬǿΧǿǣҲֻġ
̵ܶʱ䣬Щ˱㱻ɱˡ
ǿ˲ЩţԼһ˿־壬ʮþȵ飬ʱȴôıʣзֹٳʲôʣҲˡ
Խ룬ڼս֮УԽԼ˼
ŷǶʲôˣȫʬɽѪ֮ģʱ쵽һ㣬ǼӴ˹ȣԵ޿֡
ı֣ýǿľˡ
ڹŷĿɿڴ֮УǿֱӴԼߵߴ벽ѣͻΧ˳ȥ
ЩߣŷҲסֻ̲סЩĿɿڴҲ̫˰ɡһȺ벽ѣôܹĸģˣ
Щˣŷ쳣
ǲһЩ벽ѣܶ඼Сģδʲôսı֣֡ʥһ˽⣬Ϊŷ͡
ԭŷǻȻ֮еĻ䣬վǾˣƾԼŬһһߵһȣеĲԶ׼


2247 
𺳣벽ѣˡ֮⣬Щ£ȫɱһʣ¡
֮УҪŷЦˣʱȫĬǺȻޱȡ
籾ǿǿˣǱ֮еһЩǿڣ硣ΪĴ֯һַȱǿߡ
սʵˣ򣬵ڰ벽Ѳ£һּǿ߳սҲ
һ벽ǰǾã粻⣬ȻҪһս⡣ڵĽȴ˭û뵽ġ
֮УҲа벽ǿߣҲֹһǿۣܹһ֮ѹƶԷˡ
벽ѣҶôǿƣѾкԻʸˡ
ⲢԣȻǿ󣬿ʱּܶǿߣȴ˵ܹɱǿߡ
һǿһ磬һ벽ѵıǷǳµġ
ֺȻҲԸеԷһû˹˼ɣһ벽ѿµʲôزֻҪɵӣܹ뵽
һս֮УĴԼ硣
һʱ֮ǰٴʹߣк͹ŷ繵ͨԸˡ
ǲҴģΪϣ˭ҲûĵĴ֯
ŷҲףЩνĽˣֻǲ뱻ԼַϾ֮սټȻڵʵܹھ򣬵ǵķչͷ˭Ҳұ֤ڲõĽܹǿʲôز
һȺùϵΪҪġ
ŷҲЩ˵뷨Ǻ⣬ûҰģȥԱˣһһֱı䡣
һ㹻ˡŷҪĲУԼʵ磬治ࡣ
һɵˣҵҲõġʥЦ˵
Ļ˵ͷȫ¶һĨЦݡ
Ҳģ񾭹һս벻ٴǰԸˡ
Ĵ벽ѣȻƲϾǿս˰벽ѣκɵˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǲ𣬳֮⣬֯һʵΪһսȵ˵һѡ
δء
˸ˣǹŷȴҡͷ
һ£Ȼɫȫһ
ǶŹŷ磬Ҫŷô˵
һԤУҪһս񲻻ôЭϾǸ߸Ϲˣֻĸ벽Ѽǿߡŷ翪ڣ˵Լ뷨
ɱǣѵ𣿡ʥü
δأǿԴ˰ǿߣǶԷʮ벽أͻȻ˵һ
ʵδûôǿߡ
кףʮ벽ѣ͵סǵĹʱ˵֮е飬ĴǿߣҲ벻ӵõ
ɺޣҵδ벽򡣡ذħЩյ˵
ҲףͲܹԹȻذħҲһޱȾԶĴڣҪΪ벽ѣȴô׵ģҪǻԵͲͣ
ŷ磬ұ֤Լܹڶʱ֮ͻ硣ȻѾһЩ򣬼ָ֣ȴǲ
ߵ磬Ҫ̤ԼĵԼĵߵ˼£Ȼ֮ϣնϼѶ
ȻֳѣȫȻѳȥԲű벽ѡ
ǳ߳һĳԽ򣬳ΪϵĴڣ컯졣
˵Щûã˵Ǹô죿ʵ
ŷо˸Ĭһ£³ĸ֣
ʲô˶̲סȻȥȻôܣ
ŭԷٹǿ϶סһĽ֡
ûУʥЦݣŷʵ
¹ŷ嶯һ¡
Ҹ֪һ磬Ǹ˶㹻вǼɵǿ϶֡ŷо˸
ȥʥ쿪ڣֱ˵
һȥԵΣգΪҪչֳԼʵöԷɵҪǰġ
ŷȴҡͷ˵ʣȥ
Уľ䣬һˣʿֺ̫ˣǲɳܵ顣ʥֱҡͷܾŷ뷨
Ҳһʾͬ⡣
ǿ˭ȥȹŷȥǿǳ£һ벽ѵǿߣǹŷȴһǳˣ綼Ҫ


2248 ħɷ
ŷ翴һֱۣҡͷ˵ǲʡ
ΪʲôҲǰ벽ѡüͷ
Ҳǰ벽ѣҵʵȴ֮ϡŷ絭˵ŴҶǴˣһ˼
һ£Ȼ¶һĨЦ
һ֮УΪıöԷɵԽޣǾԽá
Ȼǰ벽ѣڱ˿ѵһǿߣĶͬǿ˵ҲҪ΢һ㣬ҲޣбǸӾ޵Ĵڡ
ԣǲ֮УҲܹЩЩɵδܹӰǵľ
ŷͲһˣ̫ˣ޵о磬ӵа벽ѵǿսһǿߡ
ݹ۹ŽδҲҳһ
ǳǿ񣬽Բһ
Ϊ񣬿Ҳ޵һɳ֮󣬻ǿʲôز
ǿǾǼµġ
ԣ˵ʺϳˣ˹ŷ磬Ҳˡ
ͬ⸸뷨һ˿ڣǹ졣
ΪŷĶӣԼĸףǷǳ˽ģ֪һ˾Ļ϶ı䣬ȻĻͬɣʡĹŷʲô
Ҳͬ¶οڣϴЦݣֻ۾ȴһĨǡ
ϾҪԵһµ֯˹ŷ֮⣬ǰʥ죬Ҳδظ˵ˣԱ֤Լ
ڹŷ磬εģݹ۹ŷɳڣȻһֱԡѪսЦһ
Ҫעⰲȫʥ̾Ϣһ
ŷȻһҲоķյģŷ⣬˾Բ磬ǹŷҪĹǾͿ϶ܶࡣ
һǿ϶Ҫɱŷ硣
ҶɵӣȻܹ뵽һ㣬Բùŷǰ
ְ֣ǴӢۣЩ쵰һ仨ˮЦЦ߹˵СȭͷΪŷ
ģְһġŷЦ
ЦЦϣСѾͷȴ⣬ץŹŷ·ȥȻЩҡҡλεվڹŷԴ棬󿩿ֱЦ
ŷɫڣԼӣȫˡ
֮УҲСѾͷ
գŷ뿪ˡ·ʵŷԼû뵽гһգȻᱻ뿪԰
ʵ񣬸ôǱ
뵽ŷĿ䣬֮佫ȻҪһ˶ϡ
ŷߵ뿪ʿעŹŷ뿪һɫ࣬ϱͨŭһ¶ɫ
ΰһ·ѪսǵİΣһȵĻܵвӡ
Ǵʱǵȴ뿪԰ǰȥãã֮УѰѪսΪ˻ǱסǣԼΪһɵˣȫ
ʿжµûţв콾ʱȴҧһڸзģԼһҪúʶ۷壬Ϊֻһ˵ЩˣܵӦеĳͷ
֮ܵʿɱ⣬ʥ춼òпŷ̫ˣǣʣǹŷӦõġ
ص֮Ѿһʱˣ֪ŷ綼ΪһЩʲô顣˵ûйŷ磬ûĽ졣
ûйŷĻȻǿ߻ٵˣҲᱻ
ǹŷһֵڵľ棬һ·ѪսΪۣѹһе֣йжôļѣȻס
ԣģۣͬǹŷӦõĴգΪһµȻ飬λ᲻ж
ŷܵЩ¶һĨЦݣижԼһУرֵˡ
һƸеˣѹеĸпһ
ħɷ棬ĳƺͬʱڡŷûħɷ棬ֱӶô˺Ѵ֮ϣħɷ档
һ㼫侪ˣȻ벽ѵǿߣҪѺܴ
ŷȻҲһ֮к嫵ֱ㡣
һ־˵ģŷ֮еһİ벽ѻҪǿĶ࣬ȻķѵɣЩһ𱬷ܻٵǧĴ硣
һһԪûŷ֮УƬ򰵵Ӳ֪پ룬һ̣ŷһ뿪
ʿȻ𺳣⵽ʲôǿߣȻµĶ޵ǾԲܵģﲻЧ


2249 һɱ벽
ŷδħɷ̫ͣˣûо쵽ǿߡ
ٴ˺ϣһ
ħɷǿ𺳣а벽ѳʩչͨ׷ݵһࡣ
ǾۡǸ벽𺳣̲ס˵

ħɷ𺳣ڣȻ֪ľۣĲ¼ֻ˭Ҳû뵽ȻǿƣŪֶ㿰ƾ춯ˡ
ʱô뿪磬ŪôĶħɷ֮е鲻⡣
ôǿš˾֮¶Ȼɫ
ܶҪ֪ԭ
һ⣬ǶԼʵľţҲֻоۣʵǡǸ˿ڣ˵ԼĲ²⡣
˻Ȼȫˡ
𺳣һۣԷе𺳡
ۣȻܡ
ŷһħɷǿʢ˲֪٣һ룬ܵ˹
ŷ֣˫ӡֱĳһ
Ƶͬһ㣬ХȥѹʮأǸˡ
ŷû֣ٴι
ס֡
Է󺰣о˹ŷǿƣ͹ŷս
ǹŷȴ˿⣬ǿƳ֣һʮȭÿһȭǬ˺죬ĽԷ򱬣ѪȾ񷡣
Է𣬼ãͲǹŷ֡
һ벽ѣ쳣ǿڸ޵еУ顣Ǵʱȴȫŷ屬飬Ԫ񶼲һɢˡ
ɫ¶ɫԶͷҲأҿŷһۣ˲ʧʡ
ŷδɱȻĻӲ֮У֮ܵеϢΪ
ΪۣðߣŷȣȻ󣬵Ǵ֮ж𺳡
һۣȻԼĴ֮Уųֻ޹⡣
ǿƣڴ֮жһһĴڡǿ߸ǲ֮У벽ǰɼ֮ȴкܶ
Щ˺֮еЩ벽һȫΪ׷ŬЩƽʱһв֡
ۣ̫ˣǲ硣һ
ֻ·£ðҵߣҲŷ絭˵ƽûһֹǿƣȴľ
̫ˣûнǰİ벽ѷС
ֻ鷳޹أҪֺǳܲ𡣡ŷ˵Ȼ󣬵ȴһЩʿܲסͣȥ
Ϣɱ⣬ǵϣ޵жҪѪ
Ǹ벽Цŭ˼㡣ŷΪǷС
һ裬߳ŭ
䡣
ʲôû˵ֱӳ֣һ⣬ŷ縲档
ǵޱȣǿŷ磬оԼɢ
ŷ¶ȵɫԷȻܹ⵹Щˡ
ŷȴǺ⣬岻࣬һֱһ⣬ڶԷȻ֮Уŷһѳֱն
嫣ȴһ롣
һ֮л档
Ǹ벽ѺȻ˫ֽӡͬʱ³һ¯ֿŷĹ
ۡ
һ죬¯飬ɢ
һ̣ⲻ䣬ȻǿʢǸ벽ѵϡ
Ǹ벽ֱӱ飬Ԫ񶼱նɱ
һĻסˣȻΪ벽ѣҲǻǿһǿߣȻǰ벽֮еǿߣҲӦôױɱ
ŷ֮Уûһ仯վͬһɳԽķᱮһ
ʹ飬ҲòϣһǶһֹĳ嶯ҪĤۡ
һɱ벽ѣ˭˿Ҫ֪۲Ÿ޵еľѡ
ۣˡĴһһߣƽƽ棬ȴһ쳣µĸо
ƽޱȣһһȴĪ̺һֵϣ̲סһ־η
ϵߡŷ¶ȵɫ
ɱһ벽ѣȻ˺ϵߣ֮е飬֮Ĺϵǰһӡ
ϣܹһ߿ڣƽŹŷ磬ȴһǿ̺֮С
ֻɱһ߹ѣѵѾͶ񣿡ŷ絭ʵ
Ǹ벽ѾȻˣʿ¶Ȼɫֲùŷֱɱ֣֮䣬ڸǲݵľ档


2250 սϵ
ϵɫƽŹŷ磬˵ǿǻܲ棬ҳֻΪ˾㣬ʹĳԱҲ飬ɱˣʡ
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ĻΧʿĿɿڴͺϵ߾Ȼ̬ȣǻȻûнϵ߷С
ϵĿŹŷ磬㲻
㻹ɱҡŷֱ˵ûһԥĿϵ߸Ҫףֻ鷳ֻҪĳԱɱ⣬ǾöӣԺҶ֣ǰܹɱҡ
ϵû˵ֱӸһս硣
˶Կһ̣Ǳչ˼ս
𺳣ϵ߾Ȼĺ͹ŷ綯ˣһ˲㱬ǧУѹս磬ÿһɱ޵УᴩǬ
ܶ˾ϵߵֵͬڳ֣Ǵʱŷ粻壬ǳȫɽӲϵߵĹ˫ֽӡֻظ֣к嫵Ĳֻ֮ؼ䣬ս綼·Ҫˡ
ŷһֻϵߺɳȥ
ȻϵδˣֻǱˣʵߣȼ۷İ벽ѣȻױŷˡ
ŷȻǾǸˣЩġ
ֻǹŷһսˣÿһһǰƣ˾Ȼʵǿ󣬳Խŷ磬ǴʱϵҲѹ
սŷܹӳսӵеĻҪǿ
һʬɽѪ֮ǿߺһʿ֮ľǿ˵Ҫ޵еս˵ı仯
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һ̶ս缴顣˺ȻսܹܵѹǳǿԽʩչս˱ʵһǴʱȴҪˡ
ⲻΪǵʵǿ󣬶ΪǵĹƵ̫ˣЩ˲䱬ȻսҲܲס
䡣
գս飬ŷ˳û֣ͣ罣ƿУֱһն䡣
ϵȣɫأԼ޵սһһ㣬ǰ
磬
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һһʵĹ֣ʥվۣ֮ܵĤݡȻٻˡ
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֮Уܵأʹ벽ҲһɫȻδݣȫԼϢʾء
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۵ʵҲ̫˰ɣ־һ㱻Ƴ
Ÿ޵аȻʵҪǽ벽أЩ벽ǿ߲룬Ҳ޷ȥ롣
ϵ߲ٶ֣һ֮󣬹ŷҲˣźϵߣ¶ζЦݡ
ս£ԷܹɱĻ˵ʲôûá
սһ֮ϵӦ֪ʲôѡ
ɱ㡣ϵ߶Źŷ磬˵
ԣҲЩ벽Ѷ֣ܲܽŷƽɨЩ벽һۣЦ˵
Ҳҡϵֱԡ
ʿ𺳣ϵ߲ľôܣһһ
һĸоԹŷ粻ǺеˣʱҲӱ䣬ڹŷϣҪһ
ɱ㣬ȴΪһ޷ǿУϣҿδһϴڵԳѡϵ߿ڣ˵һЩǿȫ𺳡
Գѳȥһϵ˵źܴĿԡ
𺳣ֲúϵ߲붯ˣǿһ֣ҲɱŷĻᣬһɱ൱£ǶҪù
ǱЩԾԾԣϾİ벽һ֣ǲùŷܹӳȥǴʱȴ뷨
ŷһǱѳȥǿߣδܹ¹ŷ硣һ㶼ڴ漣
֮УҪֹκ飬ϣţ˺֮е飬ĳԱϵŹŷ硣
ЭҲǾ棬ǹŷԵ޹ǿ֣߳ϵ߾Բ̡
ģֻɱ񡣡ŷͷ
ĴڣԴ֮жͬһϢӴ˲ٴΣŷܹо˵Ļ
ɱˣֻҪΧ֮ڣͲӵõ


2251 Ǹ
ħɷ治һĳԱŷɱǸвͽͽȫŷҳֱӸ
һ㶼ǧʿɱ֮еһЩǿ߶ŭˡ
ȻˣЩվҲ֮е飬ŷɱǲˡ
ǴȥҲ˾ηء
ˡ
һ벽ѳ֣סŷɱļˡ
Щ˵ʵǿ߾磬ǱŷɱҲʲôǿȴ̲סˡ
𣿡ŷתǸ벽ѣ˵
ۣ֪ʵǿ󣬵Ҳ汣ֻأеΪԺڣǸ벽ѿڣɫ
ǺǿӲʵϼʶŷʵҪǿӲҪһ¡
ϵ߶Ըǵˣûô
г⣬Щվ֮е飬ɱ˼ҲͲǣҪһӰɡһŮӣ绪ҲһŮӣһɫĳȹ˸ʥĹ⡣
ʱŹŷ磬ɫ䣬˵ȴǳͣԸ͹ŷ緢Ĵìܡ
ŷ粻ÿɷ˶ԷһۣͻȻЦ˵Ե˻ô
ĬȻվڹŷλ˵ûʲôԵġ
뵽ǶһۣԷԥǲŷɱȥˣҲףվڹŷλϣûֵĴ㡣
Ŀһ֣ĴĻʧȥЧ뵽ǶһۣԷеĿЦ
˲˵ŷֱӳ֣Ĩɱһˡ
һĻ̾Ϣһվûеסŷɱˡǿŷ֮г˸ӣһŷǺ츳һҲΪŷ粻Ӷо
һʮաһУŷ翪ڡ
˻һɫһ䣬Ƕʱ׹ŷĴ㣬Ҫս
ǰһ͹ŷ֮бս»꼰顣
ۣ뿪ˡǸŮӿڡ
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ǵĻһǿŷΧС
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뿪һϵӣ࣬ȻεģȴۼףʱŹŷ磬һĪϡ
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ּǿߣֻҪΪѣͲһս̫ࡣ
ҹŷֻǸ޵УʹսվҲɡ
뷨Կŷ񣬸ӵĲˡ
˵ղǻһɵһɵûˡ
Ҷ֣ŷɫ֮Щζ

ЩЦмɫ
ŷЦˣû˵ֻƽŶԷȻͻȻһʧ
ʲôЩ벽ѵɫˡ
û뵽ԼһֱŵĹŷ磬ȻֻһǸûпǺȻֱе㲻š
֮оۻһķ֮𣿡Щ벽ѶһۣԷе𺳣ˣַ֮еĶҪ죬һȴûκǵʵ޷ֱ
ĻǸͲҺ֣ɱ˭֪ǷǱ壬һ𣬶
Щ벽̸ۣһɫء
ҪҪһͻȻ
ʮ䲼ѣһʱȫĬˣǶһۣԷеԥ
ǸˣܲܶԸŻ˵ս˹ŷ磬ܷɱ
ҽΪ޵콾ڹŷһ֣ʱȹŷ糤ˣԹŷ磬϶žԵƣҵǾӦһ׷ƮƮ˵
棬ͽˣͬ⽫
һȺ˵ʱð׷ӵɴ۾˵ʲôȴû뵽Щһᶼֱתߡ
һʱ֮䣬ֻʣһˡ
Թɨһֱۣĳ嶯
ȥǸŮˣҪǸӲа


2252 ǸŮ
뵽ŷΪȴеסˣǲŷҵûЩˬ
뵽һҧ˾
֮УһƬʥصطֵ֯һһֳѵĵϡŲ飬ӥ죬ݺᣬħԳХżһͷɻ趯գеʥޱȣ쳣ľˡ
ֵֻطȴ̲סֹΪ벽ȻԥҽС
վʥ죬һ
һ˽ȥʱɫͻȻˡ
Щʢȫʧ˲һ֮Уһ£ȫǴӻ֮лǺͻֲһһǿ־С
ͷƤ飬ҷֻܹӲ
ǿ벽ѣʱҲǱѣĻ飬ƣͷ
һĳ嶯֮Ум˸λ̾ͲܹͣһЩſھͰ󷨣һ벽ѶЩԲ
⣬±ˡʵǿӳȥġûжţǿ϶Էһһ
ֻǣû뵽ǣ׹ˣսûǿ棬ʱҲڱɫֱȥ
̶ֳȵĹѾȫвˡ
ܹٴˣֻеһʱȥȻĻ󷨼ʹɵҲܹش
ҪͻƵʱһֻ˸⣬ͬ֬͵һһѽץסȻֱӵ׺С
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ҽУҪǶ˻ȥѽ
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ܲˡ
ƤȻûشȴ˲ٹͷſͣһð˳ˡ
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ڶ£ڣȫǰˡһͷȫʣ¼Եһͺһ
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һǿߣޱȣǧ꣬Ϊ޵УսԽҵȡ˵
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һʱŮӶһ£һٴγ˸ղŵӡ
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ϵ߶ò£⵹е˼˵Ů££һĽ
ֱӿڣ֪Ĺŷȫ˵˳
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ͬˣʱ¶˵ɫ
һۣŮƲƲ˵Ҫ˵ô磬ֻǺдһ£˵ҲǶ£ҲʲôöɱˣûȥЩʲôҪҵĻͿ϶һź
ȻĳԱվĳԱɱˣе̫˰ɣԵǺûӡ治˵
ƳһۣŮӵ˵ҵĹ۵𣿡
ɫһûнڲٵҡͷЦɲŮˡ
֮еߣŮӺܾޣȴûһԸ׽ΪģΪŮӵı̫ǿˣͬʱ˵ֶЩ벽Ѷ£ֱʱ֪һԲǵŮˡҪΪŮӵʵǿףʶ֮Уûһ˸˵ԼаջŮӵġ


2253 Ҫ
ڹŷ֣ɲ˵˵ġ
ҶǸŷ磬Щ棬֪һˣܲҡŮӵ˵֮ȴһɰȻ
ĿɿڴŮѵˡ
ڵӣпܡ
ĿɿڴֱеԼˡ
ҪĸһˣͻȻһҪײǽĳ嶯ΪµĻ
Ůûٿ棬һ˲ʧ
ĵطû˸ȾָＴʹûˣ֮УҲһƬء
Ů뿪֮ͻȻһǳµʵǾҪȥĻ²ôס
뵽ŮӵֶΣҪѪĳ嶯
ⲻǿǹģȴûȴŮӻ뷨ӭͷƤ洳˹ȥ
һҽУ治ͣͻһ谭ҪĶ
һ𻵵Ļ˭Ҳ֪ǸŮ˻֮󣬻ôԸҪ׷ɱ
ŷһɽۣڵȴǰ
ôĶŷţһܹ쵽ȴǿߣҪɱԷ
䡣
Ĭȴʱ飬һŮ˳һֱŷ˹ȥȻûо쵽ԼѾ߹ˡ
Ҳ֪ȴû⡣
ŷɫŹ֣ûжܣһȭ˹ȥûκǿµȴŮӱɫ
һ죬Ůӷ˳ȥȴûܵκˡŷɽȴϢ֮䣬촷ۡ
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ŮҲûٳ֣һ˹ŷߡ
СһʵŮЦ˵һڹŷļ֮ϣһᡣ
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ûбҪҪɱˡŷֱӾܾ
ģŮӲܻԼȴҲ֪ԷʵԼһս˵һ־޴ġŷҪ۷״̬ʵɱˡ
֪ҪʲôȻǴһģһ֣˭ɱĳԱࡣŮЦ˵ϴһҰԡ
ŷ¶ɫĿתȥʵΪʲô
ҪһˡŮӺֱӵĻش
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ƲƲ죬ŮӵһӣЩʧ˹ŷһۣ˵ҪһǿˣҲܹҴ򡣡
֮£ܹﵽҪˣҲֻˡŷ̲ס˵
Ůһ£ѵ˿ŷ磿
ղȻֻһν֣ŮѾ֪ŷʵԼһѾ㹻ˣѵеڶ
ҸףҪҪҺĻûлˣΪҸ׺ר飬ֻϲһŷ绵Ц˵
ʹ֪εǹŷȴһָоԼ׵ʵԲԼ
ڱ˿ԼӵټͷǳǹŷȴףԼĸףҲԼҪ
ʵһֱڹŷ֮ϣڼʹŷǰֿµսҲţβԼ
ôܡŮӾ
һȫŷ赭д˵
Ƕǹżҵһֿ϶Ҳڹŷš
Կ䣿뷨˲Ůӱˣ֪ŷˣԲм˵ѡ
Ȼ˵ĻͿ϶㹻İˡ
Ҳ˵ڵĳɼ㸸Ѳ˹ϵŮʵ
ˣһ·ɱģֻ˷˵ʱ򣬸Ϊ˵ѲĹϵĻҲǹ־ɡŷѵõ죬ŮǰԼǰһЩеĻ׵˵˳
ŷ粻ԷƱˣԼĳɾͣûбҪǫ顣
ԣҪ㵱ҵˡŮ˵
һ֪ءŷӣŮ˵˼࣬Ǵʱȴ˴󵨡
㡣Ů˵Լ֡
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ҿӦýСҰèŶԡŷЦ
ʲôɻʵ
ŷӣˣûè
Ѿкܶˡŷ˵
⵹һ⣬ˣҲżˣȿıְɡüͷһ壬Щԥˡ


2254 
Źŷ˵һЩ顣ͬһĺһ֪ǿ
ŷĽͣʲôѡԼûе⣬һ˵ˣҲǷǳõġ
ʮʱ䣬˵ת˲ȥˡ
֮еЩ벽ȫ̲סͷۣǱָΪԼ˳ȴû뵽Ȼֽ
Ҫ㣬˭Ҳ顣
Ҫ濴һĻ֮󣬰һֱ˹ȥ
ֱҪˣԼò׽ȻһһһûһΪһİ벽ѡ
ϣԽԽˡգһȺ벽Ѹ֮̾ԶΪѾоһϢڴ
ˣˡ
벽ѣʮ޵УǳХ硣
Ŀ֮ɱȻŹŷ磬ֱҪʬһ
ðߣɱ⡣ԷХĻŷɫƽֱӣһֻ£޾һſǳ䣬ѹЩˡ
ԷЦһ˱˫۾һ˫ɨӿֱӵס˹ŷһ

ŷ̾һֻ˻Ȼ
Ҫæ𣿡ʵȻЩԾԾԣȴû֡
عŷ뷨ԷǲԸæĻ϶֡
á
ŷҡͷһ֣ڽУŷȻ顣
վһߣǰһĻ
벽ѣһ޽֣ӲҪսĻŷ϶ǵĶ֡һӹɣʹŷӵһҲһ

Ǹ鿪ڣᡣ
ɱȻƽսףһֿµڸա
ҪҵսŷЩ⡣
ɸһսǸЦ˵һ޵еţ̫ŷС
ҴӦҪ󡣡ŷЦ˵
ֱӳ˳ȥиһѳֱѹ䣬ǳȫ飬޾ܱ｣ΪһƬĺ
ȣſ³һͭƣɢƾõϢʱͭЩĵƻͻȻͬһͷŷϯȥ
ǿµһĻͭƵĻ棬һϢ˾
һ챦ڰ벽ѵУֱҪˡ
콣ȫڻסͭһ
ĥơ̲סЩȣϳͭƵͷ
ܿϧһעˡЦ㡣
ȻȻ̲סЦһ˵ôԵأֻǺʶѣҲҪɱң
飬ȫħҪʶˣҲһҪǡЦ
ǾҪûǸˡɫ
ԷڰԵֻԹۣԷȴҪһɱûκκøУھ͸˵ˡ
ϡ
ĿһۣЦ
쳣߰һԴڹԽУһ벽УȻֻһϡ
Цˣ쳣
磬һɱˣе̫ϧˣ罫ץȥҵ檣ǲԱߣһ۾һ̲סЩڴ˵
һۣǸ鵭ĵͷ˵һҶܵ檣ҡ
׳ա
ŷ̲ס˵һ䡣
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ŭˣҪ֪֮еĵλǳĸߣʹ벽ѣʱ򣬶ҪͿο˵Ļ
㺮˵
𣿲˰ˣҼɵǸðһЦ˵
һ赭дӣȻûнһС
֪νŷ翪ڡ
һô򵥵ģҲȽһЩĴһ𣬿϶һЩķӦҲ顣
˵ͼѿ࣬˵߶ĥƣŷ֡
Ϊ㣿ŷЦ
Ӷһͬһ㴹䣬סĥƣһȣֻظ֣ʵĹ⣬ȴһĴֻصĸоֻ֮תС
ԷɫܵһֿµܣʹΪ벽ѣȻҪֻһ
ҿ
߶ĥƣһµĻ棬·Ҫջ졣
ֻ鲢˲ǲ꣬һԪ
ʲô˱ɫֻؾȻ˰Ե
һϣɱֱӷ˺͹ŷ絥Ĵ㣬ҪΧŷ硣
Ҫŷһ䣬ͬʱԶһֱ̣Щ˳˹ȥ


2255 ּ
ȻЩ⣬ǻԶˡ
ЩǣȻദʱ䲻ˣ㵣ǹŷ¡
ĵʱ򣬹ŷͻȻһ
ʹԷ벽ɱŷҲӦԱŶ԰֮б֣ҪԱ֪Ϊʲôһ˿ˣһܳҪ
䡣
һ죬ŷըγɵ籩ȴû̫ɢǼһƬǿ߱ɫǴŭȫʵŷԱ
ǸǬ߸ˣʱմңһйһдȫ飬µĻܣϯǿߡ
ǿ߼⣬ǻܵ˿µش嶼˲֪ٴΣζһ
վǰ벽ѵǿߣŲԣճ˹
˺ңѪɫ԰ףⰵ˼㡣
ǷŭҲֵˡΪŷˣһСĵ֣̫죬δӵ̫ĿܣǳѶ˵һѡ
Ǵʱŷһ񶼿һ
ˣܵһŷĴڣ֮б̾һѵ䡣
ȴһָоԼģҲġ
ìܵĸо̲סüһЩãȻˡ
ʲôأ˼ʱһϤ𣬽һ
㾪һֱһŷ˳ȥԱߵǸ߷Զ
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ҵȻûôŷЦ˵˻Ȼ֣һӡ
ǳԾ¶ŵɫ
ΣڷӦһɷŭǵС
ѾףղԱģǹŷı壬ķԾеͬķǱţǴʱȴˣ󣬶ǻⷽ˴
ɱ
ŭɱ죬Ĵǿߣ˹
Զ㡣ŷ翴һۣЦе˵
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ǲ²ĲĻӦҲǹŷһ
뵽ֱӺˣһԥûС
ʱŷ֣˫ֽʥӡһȭᴩϵϣϼ죬ڵѪѹһУ졣
һ̫ˣϣ飬Ԫ񶼲һ㸲ˡ
˿һĻϽ֣֪ɹŷ繥Ļˡ
ŷ󿪴ϣĴǿӲһ嵹ˣɫ졣
ǹŷ粢ͣ٣סΣٴγ
ƶǬУһ棬ը飬γɿܵܣֶԷ
ʱ鸴գһĻӶӦɱ
˰Ѫ϶ˣûһ⡣
Ȼˣȫ֣ƴ۵Ļɱŷǲġ
ǳ֣ͨᴩز񷣬ڲǬ飬µߵƬ档
ŷ糤Х⣬üķ⣬һɳնһУжԷĹ
ͬʱȳһֶϻ꣬ŽΪµɱԷӲ
һսǿߣŷǿޱȣȻ·磬ȴûбȫѹס֣һµɫѪᴩأãã档
ǳֻȻ䡣
һµĴսİ벽ɫ֣࣬γһƬսŷǸС
˵Ļ϶Ҫܵѣ֪Ҫ١
̶ֳȵĽսʵ̫ˡ
ŷݺȾѪ岻һɲս⣬֧սսѪڣ˶ȼһս벽ѡ
սһȫһ޵е־֧ţĻѾˡ
Ѿʾ۵ǿǸ޵Уδ̤벽ѵľ磬ȴһ˼սǸĸ֣öԷҪ;ƿˣʵš
ϧվҪˡ֮ǰԹŷûкøУǴʱȴ̲ס̾
ǰʵӵģǿߵϣûӱܵ뷨ȻӢۡһ벽Ѹ̾
˵ʲôһʵ
˵ı鶼һȻ˹ȥ˲ɴ۾Ǽ˹һ
ۡ
ţŷ硣
ǸǷ
һȺ˾˲
ȿȣˣǲΪɣŷһŹ֡
һȻͬĿһۣ˹ŷ磬ǵùˡ


2256 ɱǿ
Ϲŷʱȴû¶κɫ
͹ŷйһʱദ֪ˣһ׷ԼˣңŷҲûбҪ
ûɱǿߣǾһսѾ֤˹ŷʵûбҪġ
ֻ֮һĿģǾȡøսɱǿߡ
Ļŷ罫ҫۣ¶
ϾŷȻа벽ѵʵվֻһ޵Уˣһ޵Ужǿ˭Ҳ¶ۡ
׳աŷ̾
ʱȻ֣ȴûо쵽ŷ硣
ҪɱŷǸ
׳գ̫ˡҡͷһһѾһ֣ͬʱס˼˵һһǲ֡
һԱڶѪƴϵ;ƿݣŷı壬ȫʢʱڳ֣⼸һɱľ档
ûĻǱɡ
飬֪ŷߵһȫǿģû㹻ӣҲн졣
һǿˣµģֲľ˫ȫˣˣΪµġ
ʱˡŷЦ
ڴʱǸֱԱˡ
ǿܣǿɨɳȥȴֻǽǵ˵ĸأȴûɱǣһŷ絹ǲ⣬ԼǸҲҪľԱҲͬһһ¡
ˣǵˡЦ
ֻŷǲŻ׹ŷĿ£˳˵һϲ¡
ɱ˾ۣһ
ջɱ
ǿ飬ʱǷһͣĴЦ
ȻǶŷǿ̼ˣɱ˹ŷ磬Ҫ飬Ϊһ㣬Ȼˡ
ɫˣĸ̾
λЦĺÿģ֪ʲôĵ飬Ժҷһ𣿡ŷһ̤ǵǰϹЦݣʵ
û
ǺȻЦȻֹ˶סˡ
̫ǵˣãǻɱǸ˾ǹŷı塣ϾɫѪѪǣⶼǷӦеġ
Ǵʱŷȴǵǰˣб䵽˼㡣
ŷûɱģȻֻһ
Ҫŷ֣ŷ֣ԼѾݽߣʣµҲѹһĸ޵УǶڹŷĴڣûκá
ҪߣֻǸոͷˡ
ֻƬǵͷγһռ䣬ȫУڵʵҪ˺ֻƬγɵĿռ䣬Ͳܡ
һ޽ľ֣ʧȥлʱ
ǻǵ͹ˡɬ˵
ûе͹ңǸ߹Լ̫Դˣ򣬺ųƲ࣬Ϊ֮ǿĴ֮֯һҿǲֻһȺ׳նѡŷЦ˵
֪Ĵ֮֯ϣһ֯һֱڿ˰ҲŷĴ֯Ȼϡ
Ǵʱȴû뷨
Ĵ֯ûκκôֻưԣߣĸ֯м
˵̫磬֮УҲֻһĳ϶ѣǿߣģһǳɡЦԼˣŷ϶Źǣ˵һ㶼
ҵǺڴǵǿ߽٣ʱԵһ£νǿߵǺεǿ󣬲ӦûлῴˣΪǾҪˡŷЦֱӳ֣Ĩɱǿߡ
ŭ𣬹Ķ֮еһŷ硣
ã̫ˣͲǹŷĶֱ֣ӱŷɱ
ŷ֣ûһԥϵ˼㡣καʣɱǿ֮һֻһץ˹ȥ
ʿȫУȻһ顣
ǰǿߣȫɱһʣ
Ϣһȥ򣬶ŷĿģҲǴﵽˡ
ڹŷɱ֮һ֣߳Źŷ磬˵Ѿˣ֮ڣ뿪
ĺϵ֣߳˵˼
ŷͷʱһ㶼ԣĿѾﵽˣʹ뿪򶼿ԣʱ䣬Ϣһˣͬʱһĸ֮Ϊ˵Ҳһ¡
ߵϵߣһ˵ʦ𡣡


2257 ׷
ϵ߾Ȼʦ⵹ùŷһ¡
˵ͷϵ˵ܺãԼȥԼ·һС
ʦ𿴳ҵ˼𣿡һ˫ÿһ
ϵߵһЦȻ˵飬ǿ֮Уȴһ˿硣
ŷһЦʵǳ˵飬ʵδ飬ֻͬ߸ϣһЩ鿴̫͸ˡԲԵ飬ʵϣĸ飬һ١
Ϊϵߣ飬Ȼȱٸˡ
ˡЦ˵۾ͬϴһĨЦݣ˹ŷһۡ
ŷͻȻһֲõԤУһۣ̲סʵʲô
ҵĸңҸ㡣Ц˵
ŷɵۣԼôһŮӸ棬̲סһۡ
ģҲǰˣֻǾã϶ǰ;Ȼ󣬵Ҫʶһ硣̲סЩ㽵˵
Ļŷ翴֮еļᶨ
˵ͷǴӦˡ
飬ȶ㿪ҪΪԼ֣㲻ܹӦһ㣬ͲҪҡŷ˵
ŷĻڳĳԱ̲סЩȡ
ǿŷԵ飬ӦΪŶԣǽȴеĲһŷҪ˱ܣҪմȾϵ鷳
ˣԳΪѣķǳ
Թŷ绹һЩˣʱȫı˿ŷ񶼱ˡ
סЦ˵תԼʵ뷨ʲôǾû֪ˡ
ҲûıҪˣټˡŷ̾һҪʱ䣬һЩ
ڶԷѾ·ˣŷѾûκ塣
ʹ죬ֱҪ뿪
ʦԼء۾ˮģһ㲻ᣬԼʦ˵
ϵͷλ飬ʧ
İ벽ѣҲһк뿪
չ˺ҵĶ԰ɣŹŷ硣
ŷ̲סЦ˵㻹չ𡣡
չŮˣ쾭𣿡һ⡣
ŷ˵һŮˣ㣬ʵڹŷ̫ࡣĴսŷҪ㣬һ׵顣
ˣȥһ򡣡ŷֱӻƴϣС
һŵĴ򣬳ŷϣﲻҪ˵ˣһ鶼
һˣһЩҲϾǿĴ뿪ŵĴ򡣡Ӧһ£˵
Ҵͣʮ졣ŷ翴һܣͻȻ˵
㾪ȣֵطûκô޾֮⣬ûһֵĵط׹ŷʲô
ŷûлشڵϣͨأѾŵ
һڹ򣬱գӡڹŷڣʵڸһУȻնЩ
׹ŷʲôڸȥģԴڸ޵еΪǷǳõġ
Ƕ˵ȴûһôѾ·Щ˵ûκκô
뵽ЩʧͬʱҲʶŷľޣڸ޵֮У¶δߵޣȴı֣ʵ̫ˡ
֮£㿪ʼ̽
ȻΪԼֻ֣̽ѰһУĵʱ⡣
ʱһ֮ϣڹ֮ϣͲࡣ
һɱ⣬ӹ֮бסˡ
Ȼһİ벽ѣҲܵһɿµɱ⣬ǺȻ򹬵ģһµɱǻ΢
ֻ˻ܹ򶨣üͷǸ
񣬷ʲô飿һߣ׷ͯգһͷȣ˸ڹ⣬һصĵϲС
նɱ֮дһ˿µϡǻеݣȴù֮е˸ΪԾ
ǿߣȻȫˣһ۵УֱΪԼˡ
񣬾۴˶ɱǣʵһء
ֻһ񿪿ڣ˵Ϣ
˶ǻһͨһնɱ벽ѣôܣǿǵҲܹ쵽ǹŷŶôΪ
ǣûĻΪԲƭǡ
۵ˣԲնɱǣ֪ͨгԱעŷĶһԼڴֹŷ磬뿪Ȼ㱨׼˽Զ֡ڣ˵Ļ


2258 ʬǶǳ
ס˲ˡ
֮еĳԱ˲⣬ֻһǿ߶ѣʹնɱǣҲʾԿ
ֻҪ¹Ǿùŷ϶Ӳ
ЩףбҪ̫ʾ˰ɣǸ̲ס˵
ҵĻ֮Щˡ
Լ˵²ҡ
ߣǸûŪ׹ŷ˼ҪΪһĴڣʵ뿪磬ǣ޹ңҪɱףҲ̫ˣֻɱһЩ֯ס֣Ǵ󶯸ɸģݱܷâԼʧ񿪿ڽͣǶʱ¶Ȼɫ
Ϊﵽ磬Ķǳ͸ʲôӣʲôϣһ㶼ҪʵԼҪõ󻯣ΪҪġ
񲢲ǳȻģͬ֯ǲܹ̫ˡ
ԣŷ粻ǲܹź󶯸ɸ꣬һܹ磬Ҫһɱڣ˵Ļ
ҲЩвǸ߸ϹˣȻܹȷģȻЩˬ
İɣŷջҪģĵˣ֯Ҳһǲ뿴ġ˵Щ׳š
վѾ˼ʼһȥ
϶󶯸ɸ꣬Ǹһϼ޻ܹ׹ŷĿġһط֮ͬϣһһŮӿ˵
ڲľݵ㣬һŮӣ֮УݣǴϡɱ֮бܹһˡ
ǸŷҲǺöϣܹܾ֮ˡһŮ޺޵˵
˲ǱˣǺޡ뵽ŷԼ̬ȣҪץĳ嶯һԼòǳŵŮ˵һ޴Ĵ
ѽǺʤ̫ǿһ㣬ں˵̬ȣԼˣԼϿԼһ̬ȣ̲סңΪҲֹڴˡǸ֮еŮӿ˵
һ˵ͷɫ֮Щ
£ŷ磬֮ĳ嶯лĻԽ侪ҲˮŷĵԽԽãǧܹ֪ġ֮еŮӵ˵Ըޡ
Ϊʲôʦ𡣡޾ȡ
ѾԼʦ˼ҪŷȽǲࡣú޲⣬ֻһǿѣȻս죬վûн벽ѣǲܹͻ磬ŷǿҲޣڻû£ԷıҪ
ŷǱеҪǿҲܹѣʱǲľһĿɽŮӽ͵ѣҡͷ̫أȻǰ벽ѣе㲻롣
ҪΪǸεǿߣʵ̫ˣδѬһżдһ볬ˣҲֻǴ˵ѡ
г𣿡̲סˡ
޷Ǹ磬޷ܹͻƵǸ硣
С
Ů˵ǳ϶뵽һˣָ䣬֮ǿһɻĴ֯ڶԷУͬһ㣬ָ
һǸǿߣȻԼʦĻ
ֲԼʦôعŷ磬һпܳΪǸǿߵȴֵòϧһдȥ£Է
ʦ𡣡޵ͷ
ͬʱ֮У̸Ȼݲһ̸ģȴΧŹŷ硣
ڹŷ磬ʱǸݼŵ档
ˣѾûӡ֮УЩһĵ
ʮ֮һùŷһӣᴩȥ档
ŷӦԴһ̤Ǹط
һŮȻһǳ
ǿǳ޴ޱȣȴڰУ͸ڰŷ翴İ׹ǣһһǳǺǶѻһγɵһž޴Ĺͷǳ
˶ˣܹôʬǣŷ綼Щ޷
γɣһ磬ͬʱΧֹͷǳƯ֮С
̫ˣĪ飬ŷ̾
ģҾãԲ˥ߣӦǱģֻôû˵ǿƵĴһ档üͷ飬Ҫ𶯣Ŷԡ
Ǻúò鿴һ£ҵ𰸡ŷЩͷѻǳ˵


2259 ɫ
ûбҪɣûйϵ㵹ЩԥվһŮǳʬǵĻһֱܵĲϲ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ҪǲԸĻңԼȥ̽һ£ò˶೤ʱ䡣
ҡͷֱӾܾȻ˵ˣһǸɣ֪ΪʲôһֲĸоǱʲôаĴڶһ
ŷȻЩЦãǿǰ벽ѣʲôаĴڣҶǣǲܵ顣
ҲãһȽϺá
ǲУһʬǶ֮ϡ

ͻȻһһַֻɳֱץסСȡ
ȫӿ˳ȥ
ȥ
ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬ֱתܡ
䡣
Ǹǳը׷飬Ϊ
ǷƮ䣬赲ʱӦûȫǡ
Ǳ쳣ǳ֮г˳һѱסŷ硣
ˡɫס
ŷЦãļС˵ûµģղֻһ⣬ʱһֱ۱ʲôаȡ
źһЩϽɿŷ磬ɫЩ졣Ȼװν۵ӣ˵Ȼ֪ղֻ̽һ£㿿ײףû뵽㾹Ȼô죬̫ʧˡ
ɶŷɴ۾
Ů˺ڵĶܹ˵ɰ׵ģ㲻ԼΣҲ̭Լɡ
Ҫ֪ղһţǹŷ绹վǸǳ֮ϵĻ˳ϵĹɲӲƴһ
㻹ҪԼŷϽ֣ʾԼͶˡЦ˵ˣ͵Ҵˣȥһǳɣ㲻Ҫ̽ˡ
ɫ΢죬㼴ʹ뺷ҲЩ˼ˡ
ҲЩ֣Լڱ˵ǰδ
һͷǳ֮ϣŷĿ棬нһʬǣ¶Ծɫ
ôˣ̲סʵ
ŷϵʬǵʱ̲סɫ΢΢һ䣬˵벽ѡ
һ벽ѵʬǣ飬ڱĲ֪壬ʱͷȻȫʧȥͨĹͷûκ𣬵ȻԴһԣǸܵʬǰǿ
ǰ벽ѵʬǣǱģһôǿƣֱɱе顣ŷ̲סԾ˵
뵽һܣҲǱĴġ
ӦĴ֯˵Ĳ²⡣
̫ײˣʹ֮УĴ֯ҲӦһ飬ڣȫɱֱ̫ˡ̲סŭ˵
ŷҡͷЦ뿪磬ҲһĽ
Ȼףͬĵͷ
Ĵ̫֯ǿˣ벽ѣ֮֮꣬£ûһܹȣĺԶ
˵ˣһֱΪйŷڵԭ򣬿϶ᱻ
ʹڣҲұ֤᲻顣ŷ뿪磬ʵҲڶġ
һˣ磬ٲ
ԣ󡣡ͻȻɫһ䣬һɫĹڹŷȻ˲ʧ
ôˣŷüղҲоһ㲻ԣȴ֪ʲô顣
ת˹ȥʲôûп
һı˲ʧҶûпȥԾ˵
ŷɫʱ㲻ῴҸղҲоЩԣ˵ĳ˲ס
Ŀɨܣŷ۾ͻȻһһȭ˹ȥ
ʶĶ˹ȥŷһȭ˿մ¶ŵɫղĹȻǸȥˡ
ʱ׹ŷ˼ղǸɫĹҲˡ
Ŀ⾯裬ɨܣ¶ǵɫ
ǲҪ뿪Ǹܹ죬Ƕ޷ץסҪһֱĻҲʲôа顣㿪ڣһ˫Źŷ磬ŷ
û£ҵǺܺ棬ǵʲôȻǰ벽ѣе˼ŷҡͷ뿪
³ֵĹ죬ùŷг˺档
Ūʲô˵ŷ翪ڣʩչֶΣѰҺɫĹ
ֶܹ죬ǿȻҲҲ޷ֹʲôط
ŷ磬˲޾ÿһطȫ̽һ飬ȻûҵɫĹĴڡ
е˼ŷЦ
ҲҡͷҲ޷ҵǸ
ŷ絭һЦ˵ҶҲĶҲʲô
üͷһ壬ͻȻ¶Ȼɫ


2260 ڼ
Ȼǹ죬Ǿֻһֿܣһǿ飬ʵ̫࣬ȻĻҲ׽ӽǡ
ûһ⣬ĻڽӽǲԶͻᱻǷ֡
һ֮ҪѰҶԷɶˡ
ŷ˫ӡһû֮УȻһۣһӰ˳ǸղĺɫĹ
ҹŷ翪ڣһֻ£ҪԷù
Ѿˣһ飬ɫսףһĿǺɫĹǸղһ
Ǹ֣ͬһӲŷĴ֡
ǿŷ磬ȻˣԷʵѰǿ
ôܣŷ¶ȵɫ
࣬ҲΪУ뿪Ǹ鿪ڣƺŷΪ࣬˵Ӧǲġ
ŷ粻ΪЦЦ˵֮·ﱻˣҪ֪ʲô飬ʲô˳֣һ򡣡
ûйϵǸ˵һ㶼˿ûи߹ŷĴ㡣
ӦһϢǸ־ڱصáŷɫͻȻһ䣬ǿƵ˵
ŷĻȻûж룬ΪŷֻҪҽء
ȴ֪ŷ˵ģӦֻƬϢ
ѾӵֻƬ飬ŷֻܹƬۼȫˡ飬ǳҪȻӦֻƬϢŷȻŹ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôϽ뿪ǻǸ鿪ڣĮ˵һΪŷ͵Ĵ㶼ûС
ѵͲҽﻹ鴫ȥŷЦе˵
Ǹ۾һУϱµɱ⡣
Į˵ɱ졣
ŷû˵Զ֣һռ֮ը¶һ磬У֮Ϣ
һӦ̺Ϣȵ˵δȫס˻֣պԸա
Ǹڼǿһŭˣ֮һܣǧܹ¶Ļһϣûˡ
ûκԥŷɱȥ
ɱŷ̲סЦһʵȴҪɱŵ̫Լˡ
ŷ֣סһ˵ڼǿٴγ
Ͳս
Էͬɶ˻һŷ緢ΪµĹ
ŷܹоڼǿǼᶨɱ⣬һʱףԷԲй¶ȥԸҲҪɵԼ
ʤһˣǾԿµġ
ŷ类ȵǱҪֻ֣ҪֻƬѡ
ǶԷȴ·һùŷ̲סͷۡ
סֻ֣Ҫֻ֪Ƭ䣬ֻҪֻƬ䣬ұ֤Ὣǵ˵ȥŷ纰һ
ڼǿ߸ͲںЦһ˵ֻ˲ܹסܡ
ƨɱңαùءŷЦãôôǿءʵڶԷ֮ϣֻҪ֣ԷܹӦԱ߻һ㣬ǶԷɱһס
ɱҲҪɱҪҲҪڼǿ˵
ŷ¶εɫһﵽţȻҪɱˡ
ˣ㲻ҪٳˣĻҾͲˡβһ㱻Уŷ̲סˣǳ
ڼǿ߸Ͳ⣬һֻɱ˹ŷ硣
ŷֻһ취ǽԷ£ԷŻãԼȷʵὫϢ͸©ȥ
ٶܣֱӳ֡
ȭͷѹһУȻӲ˺ڼǿһ
ʬǳը飬ͬʱˡһ̣ٴγ嵽һ
ŷЩ𾪵ķ֣ڼǿɫսףս׵ļӳ֮£ǾȻ˿Լ
վŷ޾壬ǿơ
ڼǿ߱ɫһǳը飬ȫʧǿ֮УݻһΣնһУŷɱ
ǿµɱǰһгɿգûʲô赲ġ
ǿŷ磬ܵһǿҵв
ɫȻ巢⣬վڹȥδʱ֮һ֣һȫԻڣ
һߵͻȻ¶Ȼɫ֪ﵽʲôطˡ
͹ŷĹͨײҵı˶Ʒ˳ȥһǳǿǿŷ綼оѪӿһѪһ˳


2261 Ϊ
ڼ飬ǿףǾԵս˹ŷһЩ
ֻǣһ̫ˣ˸񣬹ŷ粻֪δùͨսˣǽ˳
ȻˣҲһ㸺ˡ
һײڼԲܣѪڼ׶ˣҪɢ
ȻĶŹŷ磬Ѫ۾ȫš
Ȼڼδ뵽ŷ羹ȻǿʩչվҪɱŷ磬ȴʧˣձԷѹ£Ҳˡ
Ǳٵ򡣡㿪ڣĳƺ
Ǹڼ飬ʱڼ飬¶һӢѪǴʱȴɭȻĶˣҪս
ס֣Ҳǵĵˡ˵ҪöԷס֡
ǺڼͲͣûгŷ磬ɱ˹ȥ
ŷЦãֱֹͣ˳֣һĻ
̲סһۣȻöԷס֣ҲܹϣסԷһȻ޳ȳ˳ȥǸڼɳȥ
ڼѪɫһ˿֮еϢȻʼ
ˣȻҪԱӦףԱҲɱǵģǲĵˡ㱻һϽ
ŷҲûпڣֱӳ˳ȥ
ڼǴֻҲһЩԥȻҪԱվҲףԱҲ޷κιŷǡ
һԥʱ䣬ŷȴչΪµֶΡ
ֻƬ˳ȥںڼͷϣֻظֱ֣Ӷס
ڼ¶ȻɫΪԼȻڱᣬһΪʧҪѳΪȥ˵Աˣ˶ҪƿС
ֻƬ⣬һֻ֮˳ޱȣѹ档
ȻֻֻƬϳɵĲȱֻأĺܿ£Խκ챦Īܣ޷ͻƳȥ
ʱҲ֣æסڼ顣
ãڼһΪʧȫյڰᣬȫѹΪĳ롣
ûΪڼ鵹ڵϣ˵֮У˾
û뵽ȻԼû˵ԷΪϵˡ
һѪվǿ֮УŹŷ磬ʲôû˵Ǵϣȴܹܵһ־
˵ˣǲĵˣΪҲԻ㡣ŷ翪ڣȳһɵڼǿߵ
Ŀתŷ磬֮дһ˿̽ѰЩ
ǵʲôˣѵǾ߹𣿡ڼǿ߿ڣɬʵһɾ޴Թ
Ǿġ͡
ԭŷˣȫһᡣȻʹ֪ǲǾĳԱڼǿҲδز֣Ϊǻл֣дڵˣϢһȥȻٴɱ
ڵʵס죬ȻҪȫ
硣ŷ翪ڣ˵Լ
Ӧϵߣҵʦ𡣡㿪ڣͬڽͣ߶Էһ㡣
ϵߣǸڼһ¶ϲɫ
ŷЩ⣬ѵ֮ʲôϵɣ
ʦĺϵ۵ʦֵƣ֮ĸ֣Ҳʱ֣ʦʱֹϧģֻܹ𡣡̲ס̾һ
ԭֲúڼ֮ʧ֮䣬ȻԨԴ
ɴҲԿĴ֯ǿһ򣬾ȻˣǶá
Ϊ㡣ŷ翪ڣΪԷ
ֻƬžܣŹŷʵϵıˡ
˵Ϊܹȥֽڲ˼һ㶼þ档
мĿ˹ŷһۣڼ۾һĨη
ʵҲǿˣȻĻҲס죬סһЩѪǽ죬ȴѹƣͲǹŷĶ֡
лڼм
Ļɣ˭ѧġЦʵ
Ļڼˡ֪ģֻѡˣûǸʸ
ĺϵߣ϶֪Ϊϵߵѡ
ղᣬλ¡ڼ鿪ڣĵǸ
ֻǣŷЩ飬ţǹŷȴһ硣
ģҵɷ򡣡˺ڼĲ͵
ŷ翴һۣԼΪϹˣЩ


2262 Ԫ
Ļ֮󣬺ڼ鳹׷ŷ繰˹֣Ȼһη
һǿҪܵصġ
ҽԪôһӦòǵĶŶԡڼҽܣ˵Լ֡
֮˺Ѵϣģǰ͡
ԭԪһĵıĻ˵Ϣȥǰġ
ԲʵǾȷʵ̫ˣȻǣȴ֪Щ˵ĴڡԪЦ
ҵǸͬܡŷͷ
Ԫ¶ɻɫĿ˹ŷһۡ
һˣӦŷЦ˵
ŷĻԪֱվ𾪡Ȼ֪Ǻ;һǿĴڣȻ
ֲùŷ˵Լͬܣֻǿı飬ӦûбŶԡ
ֲãӦСˣĴ֯߸ϣɱһʵҲǶͷ飬꾪ɱһֿûУ˲㱻ˡԪһɬ뵽˵飬ȭͷҧÿ֨졣
ףҳˣһ֮ӲͶ硣ŷ翪ڣ͡
ԪһԼĴĴָ̲ס̾ҲҪǳһҲ
򣬲νǿȻǿȴҲ١
ֻǣû־޷ùŷ統ֶΡ
ʱʵ򣬵ȴһƣǹŷ
ˣ˵Щ˸е飬Ԫҽ㣬ŷ磬ΪˣǸȥˣ֮гפȻĻҲὫ鷳ǵĻ׼뿪
ŷҲףﲻܳפһǿߣҲع⣬ʱǺˡ
ǵΨһĻֻ֣һ֮Уδϣ
ټ
Ԫͷ˸Ҳ˾Բܹ
һһҪ㡣ŷͻȻ˵
ԪŹŷ磬ɫ֮Щɻ
Լ֮䣬ӦûнŶԡ
֮УǷһֻƬںηŷĿȣԪȴش
ô֪Ԫ¶ԾɫԼһƣЦҶˣղõıֻƬֻҼֻƬǿ̫ˡ
⻰ɱǳֻƬ硣
ֻƬ˭ˣŷʵ
졣Ԫԥ˵
ŷ⣬˵ͷû˵Ȼ˵ˡ
ЩģùŷпȥҾ鷳ҪȰŷ磬ǧҪ;ԣԪȴطҲÿڡ
˺Ѵ֮ϣ뿪
ȵ˺ѵɢ֮űһĴЦ
һΣŷδʲô֮Уڻ֮ڣߣ죬˲Ϣ
ҪҾ鷳ֻƬŹŷ磬Щǵʵ
ŷҡͷһЦ˵Ҳ;춯֡
ȻŷȻ;춯֣ղŻǸʲôһõֻƬݵӡ
ƭɷʵģǼһΪҿ˵ѣֻҪֻƬͷȥ;ŸɡŷЦ¶һĨм
ʲôԾû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļ
ЩţǸԪĿģ
һ¸ղԪı飬ãֿܡ
ҪΪӣҵˣһŷ翴һۣ˵
мĿ˹ŷһۣһĨ˵´ˣÿҵӣҪмŶԣȴҪƣһ
ŷû˵άǺܸжġ
ȥѯʡ
֪ȽϽȴķΧ֮ڡŷоһ
һ㶢Źŷ۾ʵҪ𣿡
ҲݵˣĻŻŭңʱҶ磬Ͼ֮ǰ飬ҾûǡŷЦ˵
ŷĻ̲סĿɿڴնɱ˶Էô벽ѣ壬Ȼͬˡ
һĵˣǵĲҡ̾
ŷ絭һЦȻû˵ȴ˸ŵ㾫⣬о˵ɱϴȥ


2263 
֮Уǿŷ䡣ǣȴһãЩ壬ŷʲôط
ǹŷ֮УӦÿŶԡԣǲ²⣬ŷڻ֮С
ʹǵҲ㵽ŷڡ
ֻǣǲ֪ǣʹŷ֮УҲ޷ҵ߹ǲ˵ģͬˣǺ㵽ŷģرŷڵʵͿԸһЩǿߵ̽Ѱˡ
ǹŷȥ֮УǾ˵ҪһģҪСˡһĳϣһ벽ѣʵǿվݣɫĹ֣˵ϡ
ʽ޽ɣͻȻʧԲڶô򵥡һҲڣƣһ׹˺ء
˸ǿ󣬸ŷ顣
ڳ֮УʵǿᣬǸͲǶ֡
ﶯ֣˸ĳʵ
֪ǲĺģһЩԵǿ档׹ƵĳϿڡ
ҲãӦðصڱԵһЩǿĴϡ˶һۣԷеľ
ǹŷ֪ǵĴ㣬϶Ŀɿڴ˵뷨뷨ȫ෴ġ
˳֣ǵû̫ֱӱʧڳֵĵطǸո뿪ǿ֣߱ȫǸ޵С
ղǿ˺Ѵϵǿߡһ޵пڣɫЩ𺳡
ܹǸ֮ǰ뿪϶ǰ벽ǿߣҲһ·Ǹ޵˵
˶һۣǶ˵
ԭܼ򵥣ϳǺԶפһǿĴڣһ£ǿߣܹں̵ܶʱ֮ڸǾȫȫһ㶼Ҫġ
Ϊû˸¡
ǲ֪ΪЩˣоԲŷ硣
Ǻǿһģŷ̲סʵ
ͷһء
Ҫ򡣡ŷ翪ڣ˵һ仰
һһɲһܹġ
ûΪѾˡ֮ǰĹϽŭǣֱɱ
ԣŷҪǳֵĻֻҪˡ
һ֮е飬ǲǿĻԹŷʵɱǵġ
ôʵ
Ҫ򡣡ŷк˸
һ鶼ŹҪһŷˣǾģҪһ㣬ȴҲеôס
ǿߣ߰벽ѣʵǿһ쵽ŷĶһѡ
Ȳ鿴һ֮û޹顣ŷĿһվһĺڵˣȻԴһ㶼ǣ޹ˣǾͲһˡ
ԣǰᣬ֮Уû޹飬ȻĻŷԲᶯ֡
ͷһŷһɱħĻѡŹŷ磬ǾĴˡڿŷ粢ֲһеɱ¾ħиˡ
֮УϢʹ벽飬Ҳ첻ǵĴڡ
ɽ޾ǣȴʲô飬ֻһȺʿռԪռеԴ
Ҳ붼ˡŷɫһһ⡣
Ĵ֯磬ӦģҲ̫ˣЩʿȫĳԱЩôܹ㾪̾
֮еʱȻЩӣվǷǳģ˼Ǵʱȴŭˣ̫ˣһ˵˼飬ȥһ
Щˣŷ絭˵һɽȡ
ɽ֮УԪ죬һħ˻Ϊ˵ɢԹȴһ󷨣˳ȥŨ
ɽʬǣͬڱ
ЩħԹʹԹ죬ȴֻܹѹ
ǣԪ󡣡㾪
ʲôŷѯʡ
ѪԹתΪԪ飬ǻģֲôԹ̲ס͡
ŷϽѯʲôǻᣬֱӸνĻᣬǽѹڻԪ֮УǻţȴʲôˣԼ廯Ԫʹࡣ
ʹ࣬궼Ҫʹһٱ


2264 ʼ
õԪȴ⽫ЩѪתΪԪҪ˲֪ٱ
ΪʲôҪʹ򣬶пܣΪʲôҪһ򣬻˲̵ĶԴǡŷɫɭȻʵ
֮˰˯Ц˵
ŷʱˣִ֮ԭܼ򵥣ҪϳΧбĴڡ
оֱ̫Եˡ
񣬱֯ҲһڵصΧЩȫ˵
Ĵ֯ŷ⡣
ŷɫһùŷĳ־
Ĵ֯ֻԲ˵ģ뷨
Ҫʲô̲סЩ
ɱĴ֯ǿߣǲܹΪ򡣡ŷĿȻ
УȻղڲ²⣬û뵽ŷ˵ˡ
Ǻεһ˵ĻԵҪ
Ĵ֯Ʋ࣬߸ϣһôǵĶ֡Ц
ûĲֻ࣬ȱƲˣĴ֯޵ҿԻնһСŷ絭˵־ᶨޱȡ
㲻˵ˣ̾һĬȻ
򣬾ǵһŷӼᶨ˵
ڹŷߣƮɣԼϵһ˿Ұԣľ
ŷ֣һַû֮Уڽ֮Уͣʩչ
㶼ûп̲סʵͿԻһ򣿡
ŷ΢΢һЦȻ˵һصĻһҽ
ʲô˼ãȻ
ҽ˽⣬ʵʵﵽΣҲõҽˡ
һ򣬺ʵ࣬ʩչ֮µһкʣͨҵĿƣһ𱬷ʱ綼ҪʱܣȻǰ벽Ѷӵŷ¶Ц
ֶΣ˼ܹһģҪͨΪҪ㹻ҽ硣ŷֶζУԲſһ㡣
ֶβǺܿݣŷ׼ʱ䡣ڼ䣬мβһ㱻֣ջǶ˹ȥ
ǱֵĻǿ϶Ҫʧܵģᱻ쵽쳣
ѣûб֣Щ˸Ͳ֪׼硣
ڹŷǼһʱǿ֣߳һɫ֮ϣɢž˵ܡһɣһתǳζͣĻ
ǿ󵽼ĴڣΪҫΣһһǿߡ
֮УȨء
λϡЩ벽ȫ֣
Ȼǰ벽ѣȴȲˣĺԶ
֮ûκɣҫЩɵĿһܣ֪ΪΣһֲĸо
һаãĺ˭Ұһ벽ǰЦ˵һźͰȻ
˵Ҳǣǿ󣬳֮⣬˿ҲɵĽ͵ɡЦ˵
ҫû˵һ֮ץȥһ֣ץС
ԣѵûи֮ܵЩҫ۾֮о˸
ȫ㶣Ǹûо쵽
һͬץһУ֮У޾˸ɢԵ쳣ˡ
ԼĴݣһ
ԣڽֽ֮ţ˵¶ɫ
ʲôҫ̲סʵ
򡣡ξ˵ϴһ˿ţȻҪһ򣬻ĺĴ̫ˡ
а벽Ѷɫ䣬Ƕݣ𶯣ҪҳЩֶΡ
֮⣬ŷЦһղŽһֶʩչϣȻ뿪ֱӶˡ
ãߡһΣдļ䣬ҫ̲ס˵
ڴʱֶȫ渴ա
һµݺᣬһͷͷȫȴʥǶҩһǻҩ˲ȼ硣
ŷڴ֮⣬澭ǹڱ
ʱ䡢ռһеĹ򣬶ȫȼµĻܣв벽ѡ
ҫɫûܹͻƴϣﱻһɿסˡ
ѾӳȥһʱǲܵġŷЦĮޱȡ
ǺˣҪ֣Ҫ֪Ȼǿ󣬵񲻿裬϶Ҫ׷ɱģ֮û֮ءҫ


2265 һԪа
ŭȣƾ죬һȭݣҪһ
Ƭ֮йᴩأݺᣬһ赲ȻŷƿصЩʱҲĥ˲١
һܿ£ƽʱȻ˺Ѵ֮ϡ
ҫǶ̲סȻεʵȻǿ󣬱ȳҫҪǿʢһء
ƽʱǺܸߵͳҫһλʱűһ
߲ˡŷûκ侲ޱȣһ˫ӶǣֻƬ֣סǬļ
ֻƬһγɵֻأȻŹŷʵѾĪܣⲻǿͻƵġ
Ϲŷ֮ǰ֣ӡ޾֮У򣬱ޱȼ̡
еԪȼһɾͻ
͡
һԪȼգγһֻĲơ
һ̣޵ը飬Ϊɻҡһ벽Ҳѿһ㱻顣Ѫһ취࣬վǺ֮УǳȣԵСޱȣķ˿䣬Ө財
벽ѳХ³һӣһ졣
¡¡ȴ޷˺ѡһɲסһУѹȥ
Ǹ벽Ѿŭٴγ
ŷЦ͹Щ磬ǿ벽Ҳܴ
Ȼǳȫá
ʱ֮иԪȼաЩ벽ѿ⣬ȴȻѪܡ
ʩչֶΣٳҪȥֻҪܹľԪǱԻȥ
ȼһõĻ渡֣лǾġ
㵽Ǻˣ˶֣ŭȥŭ⡣
ŷ硣³Լ֣ŷû
ǻһ𣬱ΪŷҪ֣ҲѡһЩǿ󣬵ȴƫԶһЩ֣û뵽ŷ羹ȻǵĺĴѡѪϴ
һӾˣֶҲǳľˡ
Ѱİ벽ѣ˭ʵҹŷ绹һ벽͸ֻһ޵С
ʵʵ̫ˡ
ۣôĵӣѵͲ±׷ɱٵĹ𣿡õĻ֧֮ţڿ⣬Ҫľȹһ١
Ⲣǳ˺ܴѹȻ⣬ҲȻѪ˺ܶΡ
Ȼǿߣҿ϶Լܻܲ
һֶ̫ˣ޷ŷ
ŷһղաŷ絭˵֮дһĨ⡣
ǳĬʵѾ֪ŷĿġһһ̫֯ˡһ϶ᱻһЦǹŷ粻һΪ̫ˣ޵пɱ벽ѣʾ־˵ֶΣһҪǷˣҪë
ңԱȻԸϣȴһָоŷɾͰ벽ѣʵֱǵǿǸʱ򣬲ء
Թŷ粻ǲҶ硣
Ȼǰǹŷ粻Ҫ̫֣ϾһдˣҲ̵ġ
һ޶ȣǣһε飬̵޶֮ڡ
񲻻׷ŷ磬ٱϲᣬʱ֮ڣûҵԹŷһɱĻ֮ǰŷԲܵ׷ɱ
ŷ磬ǿͽ⣬Σҫڣ˵Ļ
ǲΪ벽ѣʵǿ󣬱ǲ˭ҲԸȥлᳬѳȥôڡ
ŷЦһû˵ֻеˡ
ŷ磬Ҫ̫ʹ·磬Ҳа취ɱ㡣һ벽Ѫ飬һ꣬ȴߵ˰벽硣ʱڣɱ졣
İ벽ѣ˶л᰾󣬵ֻûС
֮壬ֿµ˺ʵ̫ˡ
ԡŷû˵ȴˡ
Ǹҧ֮һĨԹڳˡ
ȼһɫĻ棬ȻеĻų棬һ˲䣬ﻯһƬ⣬޾˻ء
һɫϢаޱȣǴӺɳڵа־һ㣬ƿռ䣬Ȼֻ֮ŷȥ
ʲôɫ
һԪа֮ǰڵһа־֮У־ɱ˳ǿߣŷ磬ΪεֵʩչһԪа֮ѸڣıԴҲĵһʩչСޱȣס


2266 ϻ
ǿߵѡҵȥֻҪɱŷ磬ĺһܵչ˵ġ
磬Ұ㵲ס㿪ڣֱӳ֡
һֲĵתǿ˼㡣ͬʱʥϢۣϣȻ˳ȥ

ǿһۣ̲סŭ
ΪϳϵϢ˵һԪаΪԭʼΪаϢеʥϢΪʥĶ
ǲǱĶɹۣһа
һԪаȻǿ󣬵ȴ޷
ȻһԪаǿ˴֮ϣȻסˡ
ʥޱȣһԪаһԪаȻڣһʱ䣬㳹ʧ
ˡĻ£ǸǿҲ
ŷ磬㲻ҪǣҵǱҲˡŭ죬׺ĳȻ䡣
ҲһǷ죬ɺǬţڴʱȻѳȥ
ŷֶΣӡ޷ѡ
գǱŷƽûһ
ɱ
ҫڣƵʱȫɫɫĻûκ¶ȣȴɫ䡣
ǿδʱҲˣҽӽҫ
ã𡣡ɫϳ
еʶǻ𣬼ȻһҲúûȥҫЦɱﵣһʩչʯ٣ʹԼˡ
ǴʱȴںΪ뷨һԼеֵһЩ
ʩչ䣬ǿ߶޷ѣŷҵҪܹȥЦһҫ˵
ֱʩչС
ûõģҲĺǻȻ֮ȴʥԣáҫЦ
ɫ΢΢Щţ֪ҫ˵ʵ
ŷ翴һۣȻ˵õģȵһȥֶΡ
á
ûκԥԹŷһٷֵΡ
ҾͲʲôԵסҵĻ𡣡ҫĴЦĿⶢŹŷ磬Уɳ֮䣬ǿС
Ѫ꣬УӺɫ˺ɫһħӰӻ֮վȻõģȴһֿµɱ벽ѡ
ħӰһ˫Ѫ죬һڽԱߵһ벽ȥԷ𣬾ãһͱڡ
һĻŷ綼һħӰȻײУһ벽ѣˡ
Щûİ벽ѣȫԶһ濹Ļһ澯ĶħӰɫɵ
һ֮ħӰȴûмֱ֣ӵŷ˹ȥ
Щܵ޴вͷħӰͬһȻֻƬ赲˳
֮򿪱֮ǰֻ֮С
ŷƽȻħӰХһ㶼ֱŷȥ
ʱħӰõ壬ʵʣһֿµϢתѹǬ
á
ɫ̫ǿѾԽ˹ŷʵδܹס
޷ŷ翴һۣ˵
Ͳ⣬ǸûʶħӰĴһ
ڴʱħӰȻӹŷ֮дԽ˹ȥδ˵ŷһһ
Ȼ䣬ʵ壬Ȼĸǻ𣬵Ҳı䲻ʵҲǴڵģȻ˲ҡŷƽĿڣȻͬһ޷
ɱˡǸħӰȻˣֻɳƶ䣬ſµɱ⽵١
ֱӳ˹ŷ֮Уɫ䡣
ãô㣿żʵ
ŷƽһ£ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȴûһңϵĶͣȻʵһֲϻ𣿡
ȻҡҡͷɼǣɣȻûоЩ
ŷҲĴ𰸣һ֣û֮С
ôڣⲻܡֵĺħӰ˻
̺Դܣͬһһ㣬֮УȻҪߵİţǻЩϻˣȻҪƽҵĴҪȥ𡣡ŷЦݣɫȴԽԽ
ԷҪȼıԴȴҽֶΣԷԼԼ֮С


2267
ҫǹŷȴûκ飬֡
һ벽ѳŲסˣʩչɱСͬȼձԴһ쳣ǿһιŷܵ˴ˣһ㱻ɱ
Էܹ죬ϽӰӣӰӹһɱ
ʩչһǸҲѪⱻȼգ
·ֻʣ벽ѣ£˻ϣǴʱȴɫ԰ףҪŲסˡ
һѣ˵ֱƿ¡
ɱ
һ˳֣ȼԼɱ
ŷҡüѿԷŴϣȻ꣬һԪը
Ľǹŷû뵽ģȻ濹⣬ִܵˣΪ㹻ľԱǴʱȴЩ׽⣬ԷʩչһԽϣ˵ŷ硣
벽ѵıһ쳣µġ
ˣȴΪ£Ǽֵڣ֤ǵĲ
ŷ磬ǣȻĻҲˡοڣɫĬȻŹŷ磬ӿ׺죬ŵڡ
׵ǿߣߵһѾ׷Ϊ׷Ѿ˼£߳˲ͬ·Խ׵֮ˡ
Ƿǳ£ӵпֲΣչͷʩչſµɱ
ԡŷ翪ڣһ㶼δҡ
ۣԹǳֵȴҵȣ㲻Ҫ̫֣ǽ·ûкôһ벽ɫѿ˵
һƽɫģһ˸Ŵ۵â
ĶŹŷ磬ɱ졣
Ϊһ˽ɱ֮еˣҲ˼˵Щ֣ʲôҪ򡣡ŷ˵
һ׶ŭˣǴʱŭ졣
֮ħħѣе飬ֻǱˡƽǿ߿ڣ˵һ
ţ֮гħһħͷҪ򡣡һ˵϶˶ԷĻ
ŷ翴һۣüķ⣬Ԫɳûʶ֮С
һɻƽʶ֮УȻݵĿס㣬˵ղŵĻ
ŷԪӶ罣ֱЩȻصԼüġ
ʱɱ⣬·ɫࣺ쵰ңղطݵĿҡ
ŭӣǱŵùǺ
Ҫ֪ǵʵ£ȴԷˣһ¶ÿ¡
ڼսʱܹסҪ䡣
Ǹƽǿ߾ŭطԶӰ˵˼άû뵽ŷֱӾǸطЩ͵壬ʱڹѣڡ
֪Լ䣬ŷ磬֮г˾ȻҲҪԼľһ˵ŷ磬Ҳܹù
ڴʱһӰڴ֮УȻӶȭͷϼѹһУֱӷǸƽǿߡ
һĻסΣȻķ֣ҳֵ˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
Ǹѧξ˵
Ҳһ֮Уǰסһ磬޷˵ҵķڹؼʱ̣ɱŷڣȻֻ֣ѹ£ֻ֮εϡ
׵졣δ𣬾ŵ£˳ȥ
ĺǿ󣬾ʵȹŷ绹Ҫǿֻôʱ䣬Ѿ˴ʵԵô
ǹŷ粻ֵĻҲܹȥŷ
Ǵʱŷһͷ֣Σھһϣ
ŷҲͬʩչһ£Сͬ׵ߣȴεĲһδѳȥ߳Լ·йŷݻʥŹŷ־ȻҲܹӡ
춯޾꣬Ը׾ߣ׵ɱҡδսѪڣԻΪŷķս
ǣʮУһ㱻ŷӶˣѪȾ񷡣
ôܣγ˲ʣⲻս֡
ŷ֣ʩչֻأֻḥֱ̂¡
δΪһƬ׵ȫŷûɫҪ׻ٵŷ硣
һ˴г˳һֱ߳ε塣
һԪɳҪӶݳȥ
򶼱㻹ܹӵ𣿡ŷЦ
ӲˣûˣӦûˡһɭɭĴһͷϢ
ŷһĿ棬һ򣬺ʵ˭
һιŷıһﾹȻˣδо̫аˡ


2268 ڤǿ
һ޴ħӰ֣µͷǹŷ֮Уȴ޷оԷĴڡ
ôǿһħӰȴ޷쵽ֻԼео𾪡
ǵħӰδŷ磬ֻһڽǸԪ
εԪҽУڷ˻𣬵Ǻܿʧˡ
ŷ̲סüͷһ塣
ͻȻ֣ⲢʲôħӰһֻȴǿа벽ѵʵ
ŷһָоֶܹ죬Ȱ벽ѻҪѲ
ȻȻеɵҲ̫ϡѪ죬ʮ㣬ȵѪԷͺѽ
ϹŷеֶΣȻܿ£ǹŷȴֶܹԷ
ǸŹŷ磬ʲôû
ʲôˣŷʵЩԣӦʶԷʲôŶ԰ɡ
ħӰĿ˹ŷһۣһ꣬ɢȴδֿ
ǹħӰڣ˵Լݡ
ŷüͷһȻˣֻֻʵ̫ǿˣ֮ΪĴڡ
֪ŷƲƲ졣
֮еȥԹɢ޳һֻʵҲһϵĹҿ˵ǴĻꡣ꿪ڣɫ֮Щޱ
Ļ꣬ŷһ𣬹ֲǿ
ʲô㣿ŷ粻ɫʵӦһֻȴûκ
ȥֻء꿪ڡ
ŷ¶𺳵ɫ꣬Ҫ׽͸һ
ֻأôܣѵڤһУڤֻ֮ءһС˵Ļŷ϶᲻⣬һȥ֮Ļꡣ
ֻأŷ綢ʵ
һֻ֮ƬЦЦ˼ԡ
Ǿֻأڤŷ׷ʡ
ڤֻأҲϤһ֮ڿһŴܡ
ڤһУľͷڤֻأȻϣ𣬷Ҫѭѭ꿪ڣŷ͡
ŷüͷЩ飬ǿ߶޷֪ڤĴڣ˶϶ڤĴڵġ
Ҳֻأڴҵ֪֮УֻֻһֹһַȰˣڤ޹أܶ˶ڻֻصĴڡ
ֻأڤһȻĴڣѶ޷漰Ĺޣ֮һֱڶû˿ȷĴڣȫΪûǿĹԽӴǸΡЦ˵
ֻŷţΪֻĺǿ󣬳ס
ҪˣˡͻȻŷ΢Ц
ŷɴ۾ɨһܣȴʲôûз֡
㿴ǵġЦ˵
ŷĬȻֻȴ̲סνڤǿȻֲڤˡ
һ£ͻȻӡ¡¡һӡ۾棬Ȼ˹ȥ
Ӱģĳ֮СȻЩģǿԿΪһһӰһ׼뿪
ŷתﶼˣ˫֮еĹ⣬ԿԶ벽ѡ
ǵĴڡһŹֵǹϵĻȻЩŹ֣ǹŷó
һһӰ𽥵
ڰս׵ӣӢָͭ꣬Źŷ磬ɱ졣
ڤ䡣
֪ڤߣɱ⡣
һһӿڣɫᣬȻҪŷ綯֡
ȻǸо˹ŷ緢ǣҪɱŷ硣
ŷһʱףԼҲ˴鷳ڤûԻ䣬϶ԭģԼ˶ԷĴڣԷҪɱԼסܣпܵġ
ŷ絹һ㶼ڣԼҲҵһܡܣֵȥðա
ǻɱҡŷ翪ڣֶȻֻһȴͬһ޵еǣ˵˼㡣
ǿֱӶ֣ͭգѹһСǾǿ󣬶Ǹ޵֮еǿڣʵȴŷ翴С
׼ʱ򣬹ŷȴ֣ԼһȻʧپŲ㣬ȻһȻǿ󣬵ȴȸղ˲֪١
ڤڤ֮һֵѹ˹ŷ磬Ӳʵ
üͷһ壬һȻڤǿߣ֪Щʲô
ʲôôѹҡŷЩȵ뵽Ѿߵ˼ߣȻ޷ѹʲôһ㡣
ǽ벽֮󣬱ֻܺ͹ŷӲӲܹѹ֡
ڤǿûиŷ˼Ļᣬٴγ֡
ͭ޾âɨ˷ŷ硣


2269 ͹ս
ŷȭӲͭꡣ
ڤǿ߱ˣǶһۣ¶Ȼɫ
㵽Ǻˣѵڤ֮涨Ǹɫս׵ڤǿߺʡ
ŷüʲôԼͲ֪
ֻ֮зǵĴڣʲôԼҲ֪ŷҡͷһ㶼˽⡣
ղֻǳһ£û뵽ȻķֶԷˡ
ʹǷǳǿ󣬵ȴһ׵ѹʵ
ȻԹŷľ磬ֻһʵҲԶǿʹ˲ŷġ
ڤͬһλ棬໥֮䲻棬Ҳ̽Ѱڤλ棬ԽˡڤʹڣɱȻ
ԭһԼŷЩ棬Ǻ˸ԼŷףԲνİ벽ѣǻû
벽ѣܹܲ쵽ڤ֮еĴڻ˵ءղʩչ۾֮Уſ˶Է
ҪôŷȻ͡ģǿΪǽͣҲûκôֻӰˡ
֪ڤߣɱ⡣ʹڣɱڹŷϡ
ǺţȻоŷǿ󣬵һȻԽУ㹻İܹŷһ
ɱҡŷҡͷ
ߡ
ʹЦֱͭ꣬Ӷ˹ȥ
ǵڣѹƹŷһʵ
ŷ絹Ҳ⣬ֻɳڷ򣬸ڷʹĴڡ
ȵǣԷԼѪֻ֮֮еıԴ⣬ǵҲǳ죬Ȼǿ󣬵ȴһ׽ĸо
Ҳ˺ѷǡ
ŷʹĽӴϤһУԺڤ˳ߣŷ綼ܹ
Ȼʵŷˣ϶ֲˡ
ʹȻ֪ŷ缸Ѿ͸ˣоһ͸ʱ̲סԾŷΪֻǸ޵УһʵȴȰ벽ѶҪ¡
ѹ˾ŲĹŷ磬ȻܹסǵĹ˿·硣
ʹ֪ǹŷԸĻһ֮ڽǻܣѪ
ŷֻǶڤ棬ҪȷλĴڣȴط
սһᣬŷڷǹѹԴ磬֮С
µһԣƬʵڤڤеһ־
ùŷ𺳣⵽ô£ѵ뵽ǸνԼ֮УԼȣԼ͸ѪУŲ
ŷüͷһ壬ȻŪһ㣬ȻΡ
ԼΪʲôģڱǰѹƣ찫һͷŷԲԸ⡣
νԼҪԼƿԼˡ
һͭϣȴδŷ綴ʹеֱͭӱˣǺȻŹŷ磬˾ǿԶԶǵ
ЩԼ˹ŷķ򣬵ȴ޷֮ŷ֮ǿɲɱ벽ѡ
ԣһԷ͵סֱӱˡ
̫ǿˣ˲򵥡ڼ׹ʹڣ粻
ʵһЩǿİ벽ѶҪȻѹ˷ͨҲܹƥеġʹʵ
ǲǹŷĶ֣Ȳ̫ˡ
򳹵ױ飬ʧڹ֮УΪһƬ棬޾Ļ֮Ƶ֮⣬ûκζ
֮⣬㶢ŹŷǸһŹ֡ŷķڼսȴ֪ŷĶ˭
ʩչͨҲʲôֻйŷһˡ
ʲô飿ü
㿴ŷʵ
ͷȷʵ
Ȼ֮зǳ˹ŷķ֮⣬һֲޣֻС
ڤǿߵԣǼʹ˵Ҳʲô׷ֵĶ
ղսܼңΪһ벽ѣûио
ں͹սŷ͡
˲ɫ̲ס˹ŷһۣ˵ƭңĹҾйС꣬ҲԷ֣Ҳ㶯ô
ڤʹǳǿ󣬻һԼѹǾŲʵʵڸ޵۷Ĺʹŷɫ棬Լڡ
𾪣ѹ˾ŲʵȻǱȸ޵ǿ󣬹Ҳǿ˶ٰɣٲݿࡣͬĹʹأҪ־ܡ
ڤ죬֮ǰֻд˵ȻΪ벽ѣҲ֤ڤĴڣǴʱȻĳڤʹ͹ŷս


2270 
һͻȻʵοǣ
ܺ棬⵽ʲôӵĴڣΪ벽ѣﶼ޷֮컯ȴ޷ʹ
Щʣ߶δ֪Ĵڣ쳣ǿĺĵģҲȻ⡣
ŷЦЦԼķ㡣
һĲһ£һ⣬Źŷڵĵط
һһӰվֻǴǵϣ㿴һ
Ȼòŷ磬Ҫˡ
ڴʱŷķͻȻһХѪڣֳϼתһɫӡ
ŷȣǹѪ֮гһַӡ֮С
ͬʱ򾪲ںҡһ˵
Ӱ֮У콵Ѫ꣬Ȼ綼޷⣬һֿµľһƬѪɫиħ
ʲô飿̲סɫ䡣
˾䣬д򶼲һµ飬Ӱ쵽˭ܹǡ
Ѫ죬УҪ𣬱˰Ҳˡ
һŭ˭Ҳûо쵽Դͷֻ֪֮дֲпµԤԳ֣춯ء
һңһЩǿߺأδеڳ˯֮вǴʱȴѣ˳һɫ䡣
ŵ䣬Ǵ˵еǸˣ֮ӣҪµļԪĵˣֻҪʶĴڣĵˣΪҪž𡣡ڰʹɫǾǼʲôµһ
ԼҪŷ˵һƳȥЩڵƬȥѹƣʵѾȫָ
ʹɳȥǱڻ֮Уһͱɱˡ
׳գжԶԶŷû
κҪ֮Уζģ̬˼㣬ôЩ˴ں֡
ڰʹʱһ㶼ͣסĹȻޣʧ
ŷܹоҲûһǵϢƾʧ׷ѰȥֻоһƬ嫵磬ҪأǿϢܶ඼Խŷ
Ǹڤ𣿹ŷҪоĸһ㣬ڴʱһ𡣹ŷһֱը˵ܡ
һħһһ˳ǿԿģһ֣û籩ҡ
˻ں֮УֻһϢ˺ѴϣޱȡһܵѹһУ޽⣬Ȼ벽ߵ˼ޣҲ޷˵·ֺ
ѣԽˡһ𣬲Ǻܴ󣬵ͬһ޵еϣһ޽ǿ޵С
ߡ
Ȼһߣһߴȥһжǵ߸ˣ򲻴棬ʧһжõģֻǿ߲ʵġ
ΨҶվ֮⣬ˡ
ΥԼҲɱ˵ģֵǿ߿ڣ¶ݣһӢӣɫȣӵһֿµϣһ˫ȥд֮л
ش֮ϣѶΨҶ
ˣһз͹ãѾԽһУڹ֮⡣
ˣûΥ涨ҲûʵǸ˵ȴûȻǲԸڤǿԣ·ͻ
㵱ڤɵ㸲ǸˣӦ֪˭ҪսһеĴڣҲӦΪս˵ĵˡڤǿڣĻ
һӰ֣Ȼ¡һģӣòƽһ˫ȴ޷ͷڴ֮ϣڤǶš
ڸҳˡڤ˵
ɱ죬ôڶĶ֮еĸܵˣȴκζ
˲ȥ̽飬ֱĨɱ
ĳԱ𾪣׷ʲô飬ǲ⣬һָоƴ־ײһ췭ظҪ顣
νҲңֻǲԸ⣬ڤΪڤǿߣ֮òҪгͻ㸲ڤҲܱȫƽһϹɵЦݣһ㶼ûʶԡ
ڤĶһЦⶼûУ˵Ǹˣɱ̻ڤ硣
˵ˣоˣûˡ˵ƽҲǿƣڤǵв


2271 
ҪһսڤǶʱŭˣޱߵɱⱬһЩҪˡ
ǿµһĻǿ̫ˣ֪
սʱ㣬ЭֻǲҪٵλ棬ҪִͻĻҲһսЦʾνԷв
һս֮սԲ˿
ڤĿ棬ִգϢ죬ԽһУѪ򶼷·ݲ
ش֮ϣѶӰ첢Ǻܴ󣬷ĻԻ𾪱䡣
ʾһŹ⣬գ֣ͬﵽһּ£ͬʱԽһ޷ľ硣
˶ӣǵϢһС
㲻ҪڡڤǴȡ
սĻӦܼ򵥣ֻһ֡
ڤĬȻȻϢ£˻ȥȻȻش֮ϣȴһˣһϢδй¶
ֻشȻڽ£ףΨҶ
סѡ񣬵ȵֻ޸Ǭƣʱһսڤ˵꣬ʧǰ
»ΣĿתһ˲̺꣬Ųɣ
ҲʧӰ
һ΢־ߣûһ֮С
ŷһɽۣ֣סһ־ȴʲôûиܵ
˷һ־ֱĨɱм䡣ŷ̲סһ
ģҪ̽һµǺεȴڣȴû뵽ȵһ־ɻ֮оȻһƬհס
Ȼ˷֣Ĩеļ䡣ܹһģҲҪ벽֮еľϣ̤һĴڡ
Ļһİ벽ǻûʵҲùŷ籾쵽һ˿һҲֻǸĴڲܹˡ
ѣֿѹǬޱȣùŷһ붼̲סȻ
ıߣΪԼˣضߣĴڣҲгء˽ܶҪﵽĸ߶ȣߵһˣٵǳټûм
ŷܳţǰˣ뵽֣Ҳ̲סأܵµѹ
ôˣЩãȻ֪ʲô顣
ŷ罫ղŵ˵һ飬Ŀɿڴ
ѪҺ֮еƬԼǵսͬѪҪҵЩƬȴûз֣Ҳһ˿һ
ȴ֪ûЩԼ£ֻҲѡ
뵽ŷ磬ԼҵЩƬ̲סɫŹ֣Źŷ磬ֹ̬
ŷȻ°ͣٺһЦ
򾪱䣬Ҷǳ鷳ڤгѳҪɱңʲôϴڵȥˡŷ翪ڣ͵
Ŀ˸Գ׹ŷ˼ˡ
гǿߣĻôܽڤĳѵȥ
֪˰ɡŷٴʳһ⡣
һ£˵ʦ˵ǴһطԴأ֮еǿ߷˳ͻǿߴ˻ȥ˰֮ͨҲضˣҲһս֮󣬳ǿ߲Žģ¶˲˼𡣡
һָо˰͵֮һսԲ򵥣пܺڤǣƿصֻأҸоܣҲռֻƬˡŷɫأô棬Ǵʱȴĸоء
ĿԶǿǬصľͷϤһࡣ
һָоֻغһɾֻصĻȻľֽδܹܡŷ̾ϢԼĸоԲ
ޱߣ̫ණ̫ܣ֪ȴһֱܵĸоԸռֻƬ
ָϵĵ·㲻˻Ҫ־ֵܹġһ֮еĴʥĸо
һŮӣɫȹӺڰ֮ȴʥվ˵ǰһϵ飬ǶĤݵĳ嶯
ɫһڵϡ
ֻ¶һ˿ɫԸ۶ԷǺεǿߣʿһֱܣֻĤκˡ
һˣľ磬ԶܳԽȹŮӡ
ŷҲվһס㣬ȥŷ籾ˣֱŮӣȻûһ㾴η
˭ŷʵ
ԽŮӵ˵ÿһ˵ڣһϵϣسڴ֮ϣȻ·Ϊ֮Ψһ档
ѡ
ŷ³֣ѾʲôӵĴˡ


2272 
𶯣˵гѣȻǵǰ𺳡
һֱǴ˵֮еĴڣûˣû˿¶ۡǴʱȴĳˣǵǰ
һ绪ŮӣںɫϢ֮УȴʥһҪ
벽ǿ󣬵Ǵʱȴһײ飬ȫûпĿܡ
ִ̫Ȼˣǿľˡ
ֲ޾׷ѣϾ硣
ĳѣŷѯʡ
͵Ŀ˹ŷһۣ̾һİ벽ѣҵ֮£Ͳվ㲻û̫ܵӰ죬Ȼܹˡ
Ǿ̾ˣŷı֣ϡ
һ޵еġŷ絭˵
Ȼ˵úܼ򵥣Ҫȴǳѡŷν޵УʵǲˣȻˣʲôӵĴڣ᰺Ȼȥ
Ϣͬһͨˣվ˴Լó
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ʱ㣬ݡļִڣԼ˵ǳѣǹŷȻûܵһӰ죬
̾ϢĿԶ̺Ǭ˵Ҫ㽫ֻƬһĴֻء
ΪʲôܹоֻغһоʣֽܲãҲԸ⡣ŷֱӾܾһԥûС
̲סһǿҪãԼûȥܾ
˵İţѶܹȫţο⣬ҪֻغһŹŷ磬˵
Ȼƽǹŷȴܹ֮Уһֳصı
ùŷ̲סȣǿߣܣ޵У֮ϣѶ˳ȻĴڣѵܹôܻԼֲεǿߣӦŶԡ
Ҳˡŷֱԡ
Ȼҡͷ֮ӾȻˣ⻰ǴȥЩ̡
Ҳʲô֮ӣҲ飬˭ҲܹǿңҪƿҵ켣պҶȻҪˣ顣ŷ绰ϣʮ콣졣Ŀᶨվͦɣһ˫ս죬·𿴵޾δ֪
Цҡͷ˵еЩһ˲ܹģȻǬ֮ϣѶȻûѡ밴˵Ĺ켣һֱȥ
ĿԴɡŷû磬˵
û˵ʧڹŷǵǰ֪ȥ
ȵһ뿪ݺݵĴһЩľ˵ǿ̫ǿˣղִ㶯֡
Ҽƽϵģϵƣ˵ͬϡŷϴЦݣȻԱᣬȴûһ
һս⣬ǿޱȣ˳˶־˵֮ҷ˼ˣǰʶЩһνվָ߶ˣܹϤһС
޷˵Ŀ𣿡뵽Ļ
Ѷ޷ѣʲôе˰벽Ѿ磬һΨҶжһᱻκζơ
ĻȴһãеʵɺͿЦ
Ҫôʲô˵ھĴڰҲţδңҪһУϤ֮еıԴʲôڤظʲô˰ʲô򣬵ʱҪϤһеܣ֮䣬ҲûʲôΪҵԻڵסҵۡŷĿ棬һս裬һ־Ϣ𺳡
ҲŷĻɺ飬˵ͷЦ˵̫ڽ黳ǿΣǶϤһУղҲˣǵǸΣȻ˽һУˣҲδ޷Υġ
˵ĺãû뵽ֻżߣȻܹλѣһ°һ𣬶ʱ˹ŷǵע⡣
ӵˣϰĸߴͽɽûжκη
ǹŷȴܹо˺ǿѪ棬ޱߣǿᣬ벽֮еǿߡ
˶һۣЩ⣬˵ĳ֣֮ǰûо쵽κζԷʵ
λؾȣ˷ʶǿ֮⣬һûʲôλǾ첻ңֻǺ˶ѡǸ˵ӣȺɽ졣
ŷȻһתȷʵͬ˵һǷֲ˶ԷǺ˶Է


2273 ʮһ
ˣҲѾоĴڣⶼǲҪȻû˵ʲôֻܹ˵֪ѵĴڣκ⡣
ʵѣǺδŷ翴һܣʵ
Խ򣬵ȴ֪ȥǸʱߵ̫ˣҾǲżŷҲȱ˽ģҲδܹ֪ĸ
ҽΪĳԱһ㶼ȣơ
ŷ绹ûκθоȴ̲סɫˡ
찡㾪̾
ŷЩֻ֣һѣʲôԾȵġ
ŷɫ֣֪϶˽⣬͵򲢷һ򣬶ʮںһģ֮Уӵ޾ǿߣԽ֮еǿ
ôǿ󣿡ŷ羪̾
֮һɢɳ໥ݣν֮򡣡Ц˵
ŷ֮еһ㶼˽⣬̡
һ㶼߹ŷ磬֮УݺᣬʮĴ֯룬Χ棬ΪǵĻشҲĴ
ֻԶԣ֮еӰȽС
֮УǿĻЩӵǿߡ
Ҵ岻ֻһһȺǰ벽ѾˡЦ˵
ŷ絹һ⻹ֻһȺһ򣬾ԲֻһȺġֲ˵֮Ҫǿ
Ⲣ棬Ϊʮںһ
ںһ˭ɵģ֮仹ֶ𣿡ŷ̲סʵ
Կ϶һ벽ѣȻﵽ۷壬Ҳһ㡣ǽڴֶΣ벽
ǿԻٵһ򣬹ŷոһ㡣ƶʮںһǣĶ̫ˡ
һأʮҪ٣Ϊ̫ĶųģںϡҪһ㣬ǳǿߣܣֶΡ
֪һ¾˶˵Ц
بų棬ȻǶ˵̫ˡҲ˵ֵ˱Ȼǳɡ
ǿ˾ηŷ̾
ЦǺ⣬γɵԭһֱ׷ѰǴûйĴ𰸣ֲ²ⶼΪˡ
ڴλѣʵһ£λѲĻ뵽һ𡣡ˡ
Щ˼ͷεʵ֪λѵ䡣
ҽŷ硣ŷ絹û˵Լ֡
㣬򡣡Ҳܵ
˼һ£ͻȻݡ
ĪǾۺһţ¶ȵɫȻ˵ݡ
ŷͷûзϡ
㵹̲סЦһЦ˵һŲҵһԶء
Ȼǫˣʵ֮оǶģΪϵߵĵӣ츳ɼǣǲĻϵҲδܹ
¶ϲɫλղʧˣ롣
Ц֮жټͷ
ʹ֮ǿƣҲԿ㹻ӣ˾ηСơ
رǹŷ磬ո𣬵ȴͷԿ񣬲Ÿ޵еľ磬ʵȴԽ˴󲿷ֵİ벽ѣ˭Ҳ֪ܹߵһǿԿ϶ֻҪ벽ѣȻǳ֮޵УҲ࣬Ϊ֮ΪĴڡ
ǾʹˡŷЦ˵
⿪ѹƣѪ磬תһһ㣬˼㡣
»һ磬ûңԶʣһţľͷ
̤Ͻ磬˲ϢԽ޾ľ룬ڵĵط
ܸˣ͡񣬵ǷǳɵʮȻ໥֮սǶĴ֯ȴȫһ̬ȣһ
ŷжԣնɱǿߣ֮еκ˵ǵˡ
ǿ벽ѣѰּǿߺҳһʮǿơ
һᣬǱ˴塣һ޼ʵƽԭܶ˺ȣ쳤Хǳȴһγɣ𲻶ҲǿޱȣһȭѣߵǬš
һĻùŷ̲ס̾Ǵ壬ÿһ˶൱ǿ󣬹Ǹ޵УŷͲ֪˶
й͵ӿˡһһùŷһ
ôһֹ¥ĸо
ôˣȻ׹ŷô¡
ȿȣû£ֻǼǿе𾪶ѡŷЦһͬʱ˴弸䡣


2274 ˫ǿ
ǿ֣߳ǸƣǺӶֻܹǵë䣬޾壬һֿµϢת
ѪһֵϣǵɢѹǬ
ļޣڴĵ
벽ѣǴǿߣΪĺӿ͡ˡ
ŷЩĸ֣ǿдһ£Ǿ̫ˡ
Ȼǹͣɷһսһ𶯡
սǺ͹ŷ˵ģΪŷŸ޵о磬˵ġ
ЦãҪǳ⣬ʵһ㣬ŷȴ
Һһսŷ翪ڣս⡣
ĳ֣ǿȻǶһۣ̲סЦ
С㲻Уֻһ޵УǵĶ֡һ˵֮дЦ⡣
ǵҲȻᣬȴһƢ壬ȻԾ粻ԼˣҲзȣ߸ϡ
ǸŮӵʵԺһսְɣ㻹Ъɡһİ벽ѿڣһЦ
鴤£ֱӲ˵ˣһԵ˵һ¡
òȡˣﶼǲȡġ
һҲ룬޵оˣһǰ׳գȻҳ֣Ϳ϶һЩǾȻϣŰء
ŷҲЦˣûнֱͣӴȭ
ߵȫɳȥѹһɽ˰졣
һЩҪֵĴԱʱ̲סȫ¶Ծɫǿʲôǿλʼ棬Ȼһ޵иɳȥˣôܡ
ûпɣ̲סʵ
žԱߵһǸһơ
Ǹ˶ʱŭԼֵܣŭ˵ʲô
𣿡ûлشһ䡣
ۡ
ǾͲΣ찡ʼ汻ˣǸֵļһ̫̬ˡ
ľͣĴ֮УҲһȺˣǴʱҲòϣǸĺ졣
Сˡ
ûбô򵥣ʵǿ󣬿ҵȣֱԺʮǿˡ
˿ڣ¶ݡȻ̫̾𺳣Ϊһ㡣
ʮ֣һս벽ѣǵľ磬Բ޵Уǰ벽֮µĴڡ
ͻȻһʮֵǿߣϡ档
ŷһʮ֣ѵԴϣ췥ɣս벽ãսԼȻǶһҲ࣬Ǵʱȴ˵ˣ֮Уʮǿߡ
쳣˵ģùŷ綼𺳡
Ҫֱ֣Ƕô죬к
ˣӦ˵ǰ˵ĲŶԣ֮ʮȻЩԾңǵ˵пʮ֣ǳе顣
ǰһ𣬲ֹʮʲôʱ˲ֵǮˣŷаš
ڴʱֳˣһ˴һȭ죬ڹŷϣͬ˳ȥ
ŷŷӦЦһӭȥ
һĻ֮γɣһսӰȫΰ˼㣬սһء
ŷһжѪ̣γһᴩǬţµ˼㡣
ݻ棬ͣͷųһֲܡ
ֻд裬սǷǳˡŷһ˵סǿߣ·硣
Һ͵ս֮սȻĻǺӶҪٵˡ
ûɱȴޱս⡣
ǿ߼սʩչͨŷȻһ˵סԷ֣˿·硣˫һ𣬿ɷһС
֮ԴȻѲ˹ϵͬӵǿ͹ŷһս⣬չֳǿ󵽼ʡ
һս˫ǿĲ˼飬׽£컯Ǭ
󣬹ŷ˿ˣȻѹ벽ѣ̫ڳˣԽսԽ£˷ת˼㣬ͬһĺ¯һ㣬һС
ǿ߱ѹƣǺȻ˶ЩʣȫŬҪͻƹŷѹơ
ô򵥵ģǳѣŷ̫ǿˣһսǿ˫һѹƵ֣Էκη̵Ļᡣ
ˣˡǿʵǳŲסˣǿ䣬ùŷֹͣ

ŷЦĹ˲ֹͣȻ˼㣬²ȾѪһֳķˡ
ǿߣŷ֮дһ˿ηıŷˡ
ǿߣŷɾǾԵǿߡ
͵ɢǿߣҲָ˴С


2275 
ĸߴˣһ˵òЩơҪ΢һ㡣
磬λ˭Ȼǿ󣬿¾ʮһ컯Ҳ˰̲סʵŷ֮дһ˿档
ЦһЦʵ˵ۡ
ǿһ˽ܣ˵ʵѹ컯
ۣһ콾ʮֻ֣ǲ֪λʲôϵ
һɻʡ
ǵûǰǾۣǿһǿӦû޾ϲŶԡ
ǰǶսǷǳǿ󣬵Ҳֻһսߣ̫մߡ
׳գλǾۡЦãѾ˵ôˣԼֵܾȻû
¶ԾɫŹŷ磬Щš
ôˣŷ类ǵ񶢵ЩȻ
治
еĲһûеôԵ
һʧӣùŷЦá
㣬̲סһ͵Ц
λ˭˵ۺܻģŮƣȻ֪ԯ죬ǽٻ汦۾⣬ŷ緢ʡ
ģŷɫЩڡ
ǲҪϹ˵ϴǶʲôǲģǽжȻʵͻĵ˼һģҪ˵ĺһ֪һߵѣȴùŷˣһﻹ粻˵ء
֪˴硣˺ʵһ̵ܽı顣
ŷҪᱼ⼸ǹġ
һ˵ˣλĶˣѡһ㣬ԼֵܲҪᡣ
ϵߵĵӡ
һš
̲סȻ֮еͷǷǳģϴﵽһεǿߣ֪ˡ
Ҫ֪Ƿǳ׵ģϾжٸ˭Ҳ˵壬˵򣬾Բ
֮ежǿߣû֪һܹǾһϿɣʵϿɡ
ĳЩ˵ŷ綼㣬һ㡣
λˣһŲҵ֣ǫ飬ֻڹŷǰ˳ţʵе㲻˼ʶ˹ŷ˵ûм˸ڹŷǰ˵Լţονˡ
㵱֮Ц˵
Ϊ˽ܣܵܣһ˽һΪƣǳ֮֮еǿߡ
ߵǣӭˡǾԵĹͣ벽ѵսһ˸һǡ
ӵǣҲ֪ǵݣһ¶ȵɫɫ֮ЩݣŹŷ㣬Ƕǿߵһء
ŷ˼ʶ˴ǿ¶̾ɫ
һǿһЩǿĴˡ֮ǰ磬޷һȡ
һ֪ڲڵ컯죬磬Ͳκ˵ע⣬ʵ̫ˡ
ǽĹ֮Уֱ
ܿĵرóдˡҲиַζ˳֮󣬳ݼ㡣
ˣӵǿиִƬУУźܴİ
һĳ⣬Ҫ˽ύ
Ӻ֮Ľ̸֮УŷҲֵཻܹܵˡ
ԹŷҲǳ⣬ûʵԼｻ̸˵أ۹˸ǴЦһĸо
ľǹֵܵӲĲ֮֯м˸ƴЦɣһ塣
ζѣǱȣҲôһˣ鷳ˡŷ̾ϢЩΡ
Ǻ죬ҲǱƳģЩΡ
ûкýһζЭûκãֻսѣܹԼһس
ȻˣҲڸǲס⣬ǿߣܹܵ˫ڸ澳֮гɳߵһٹһʱ䣬¼˭˿㣿ЦȣŹŷ磬֮ǰһսŷս۷ˡ
֪һսǰĿܸ졣ŷǴʬɽѪ֮ɱģֶξһԻᱬܡ
һɽһɽߣԶŵڣкܶණûʱ֮УǲǳˣЩڣĳֵĻԾ˵󣬰벽ѾԲǿġŷ뵽ǸѹǿߣȻϣɵУȻԣһУִʵ̫ǿˡ


2276 
𣿲ڰɣЩȵ˵˹ŷ˼
ŷһۣҲ𾪣֣Ȼûб֡Ҫ֪񵱳ɾɽϡ
ǳǿ𣿹Ȼ˾η
һѣŽ컯죬ΪŽһ֣ѵģҲʵ
ڵģҵһλڴе˥Ǻ컯йϵһ֮£ǿȫסһŷ뵽˽Ļ
˻һֶ̲סһ
˵Ļǿ߱Ȼڣ컯һȻƽʱԻȴȥˡΪǲ֮࣬ѾûпɱǵĶˡ
λ֪ǺˣȻܹ컯̲֡סʵ
һŷֱԵ
ŷĻǵһȻ¶ȻɫҲֻܹѳְɡ
һ򣬺ų֮ǵǿӹɡĴ֣֯޷ѹǡ
һڣȴ˾䣬ͻȻʧ
˵Ϊܵеˡ˽ˣ֮Աǡ
Ƿǳǿ󣬵һԺĴ֯սĴڣֱͬһ
ɣǺһʿġ
Ȼ֪һ㣬û뵽һĳţȻͳйϵһ컯죬Ǹ֮еΨһĳѡ
һ֮£˽һǶôĿ־塣
˾η̾
ŷǶЩĬȻѾߵһ뵽˳Ǹ磬̲סгأһѹ
䡣
һɺ嫵ĲһҽСǶʱվ¶ŭɫ
ŷһɱ˴壬޼ɵĳ֣ɱ˲ˡ
쵰
һ˳ȥִһʥӡѹ¡
ԷҲһǿߣͬǿЦһһսɨᴩϵ£ããǺӴ䣬ֱն
ǵĹײȻըд۵Ѫ
һ֮£Ȼˣһֲֻһ㱻նϣѪܣԹ⻪תÿһѪ˿µ
ɫŭ޸Լ˺ۣŶԷûٳ֡
ΪԷǿǿߣȫƶˣĶǣɱȻ
壬˳壬Ϊǵĸӹսǿ߿ڣһӢ꣬ȴһԷᣬ𶯣޾Ⱪѹһء
˺ǿڰ벽ѵľ磬Ѫ纣֮дתս
վϣӲãأһ޵еơ
峤岻˳κǿߣӦףΪҪƣüͷŵڲԶʬ壬ǶǴˣŭסеŭԷʡ
ûг嶯ԷǿƣΪһǿ壬ʵԶԶ֮ϡ
˳ǾһƬ֮ϣҲвһ峤Ȼ˵ǿƣĲм
ŷҲųһĻʱüͷ
Ǻ飬ȴ˴˴壬ùŷ粻û˵Ͼﲻ磬ŷ粻˽⣬У
峤δ⽫Լһ忴̫ǿ˰ɣҪǴ壬Ҫʯ𣿡˵˸ŭ
ɱˣһûث֣ǲһĽսסҲЦս
峤ɫмûˣʵʲô˼
˵Ŀ⣬ϡ
ɫãʲôûйã¶ᶨɫ峤һĻԲưոݣȻ壬ҲҪֻһ
սĻ϶ء
ԱһսڣǶ峤ˣʱɱȥ
峤Цɨ䣬ȻֱӾͶ֣һ㶼ɵⲢ⣬Ǵ벽һ֣ȻֻǿߣͲܵס
λˣǺûйϵ֣סһȻŷ˺
ŷ絭һЦû뿪̤ǰһ
һ˫ʥȭһӰ۸գǿޱȣ峤ɱȥ
СС޵УҲҳ֣峤Цɫ֮дһ˿ġ
⣬սѹ£ҪնƹŷĹͬʱɱıˡ
һҪԴˣжʱһͷ


2277 ɱ
ŷεǿ󣬸ղѹˣʵ˵˼㡣
峤ȻˣҲйŷı֣ԣԹŷ磬һ⣬ԾĹ
峤Ȼ֪һ㣬Ȼоŷǿȴֻһ޵У˰ˡ
һ̣ս͹ŷȭͷײһ
䡣
ر飬޹⣬սҪһ
峤ҲɳȥˣѣƣȻܵ˿µش
ŷ磬峤ٴγ˳ȥ
ɱǡŷ翪˵쳣Ĺϡ
оһʱ׹ŷʲô˼ˡ
֡ڣһԥûС
һһֱǵ鷳Ǹɵǿߣ˵һв
ʱҲǼʶ˹ŷǿƣ̫ˡһǿƣǹŷȴ·һ㶼ûпУֱӳ֣Ҫһ塣
֪һλᣬסĻȵŷ뿪ֻܹ߱𣬶˵Բһ¡
һЦȻ֣һ£סһˡ
ףͬһ⣬֣ȴ죬źɨϵ޵е̬
䡣
޳ɨֱһǿ߸ˣҰԶԵһ£һ汻飬ǿƵľˡ
ǿߣȫǰ벽ѣʱ̲סŭɢǿޱȵϢӭս
һսʮ㣬û˿Եסλ治ѵΧһ棬վһˡ
Ҳ֣ӭսԵĶ֡
һǿߣһ˫ɨ޾㡣
ҪһǿߺȽɱ
ҹŷȣãã¡¡ը죬ȻǸǿˣһѪ
峤ŭѪղŲһ㱻ŷ򱬣ܴ裬û뵽ǣŷ羹Ȼٴγ֣һˣҪսˡ
˵Ǿ޷ܵһ飬峤ܵ衣
̫ˣȻҡ峤ҧгݣֱҪ˹ŷһ
Ҫһ𣿡ŷЦסǸǿߣһֻ£öԷͣĿѪ
ƣͶ֮䣬޾к
Էʵһİ벽ѣһʵͲѪ֮˵˫ҲǷǳˣ֮ͬУٮٮߡ
ߣ峤쳤Хɫ֮г衣
£һʲôʱӹϵ޵Уɨ˻ϣû֣ΪҵĴսУҲδԴ
ŷһȭһˣ峤ֱӴһȭ죬Ҫǣ
ŷû˵ȴԼж˵Լ뷨
𡣡
峤ĲһѪֱӱˣŷȥס˹ŷһȻữ֮ѹ޾򱩶ŷû
֮֮УоȻѹһе־Ҫŷݻˡ

ŷЦһڷ⣬ɫѪ𣬾̻һͷӵпµĹŷ˫ɢ⣬һ𣬱ɷ졣
ŷ뾫һһ޵е־֮
ôǿ㵽ʲôˣ峤¶Ծɫǿǵһμ̫ڿˣԷֻǸ޵жѣȻʮǿ֮еĵһ֣Ҳ˰ɡ
ٶԷ˾սֱѹֱֲ̫ˡ
ϹĹۣ˾۹ŷ硣ŷ籩һ뾫һֱӱ֮

峤ͻȻ¶ֵɫΪԼΣˣŷɱǰ²ɵӿΪµս

ֵĴתҪӡ
ɱ
ŷ糤Хй⻪һ罣ն䣬ֱӽԷˡ
ѪǷɽȥľǿ峤Ȼͱˣ˶ɴ۾ŵǰһĻ
۹ŷ磬ǰ֣ȴЩΪȻֻһСѣǿҲֻܹʮǿ
Ǵʱʶ˹ŷǿ峤ʵѾסˡ
ЩԾһʶ˹ŷʵ̫ǿˡ

Ǹŷ˵ǿɱ˹ס˹ŷһһͭɨȥ罣ײһһ졣
ʱ峤Ѫ˻ںһһΡ


2278 նݳ
ֵĶŹŷ磬ղֻһ㣬Ͳһ㱻ɱˣյס˹ŷһԪҪˡ
һ򣬴ʱˡ
ŷЦߵһںܶˣûνͬģرǵˡ
Ȼ֣Ͳκԥ
ɱ
ŷǸǿ߼սܿԷͱ顣
˼սһ˸ͲĶ֡峤ʵǿ󣬵ҲסŷĹɱ
⿪Ѫ֮еֹϵԼŷ˵ʵ˺ܶ࣬ҪȻҲĸ˫
ۡ
峤ΪеǸǿߣֱӱɱˣ
ɱĺáЦ
ŷ綢峤ɱ졣
˵ѣ峤ҪΪѴ壬Ҫ壬Ǿǵˡ
㾹Ȼɱǿߡ峤ɫŷ羹Ȼĸɱ֣𾪵ͬʱдĿ־塣
Ϊ֮еľۣкܶûʩչǸһ壬кܶ
׳ա
ŷɨһۣ˵һ仰
Цһʩչһֶϻꡣ
ѡ
顣
𡣡
ƵһƬ𶯣޾£һ̣峤ͬһһ顣
һ˿ԪԶȥ˭Ҳû뵽ŷٴιȻ˸˫һɱ峤
߲ˡŷЦضգһֻû֮У˲޾ľ֮⣬ץסһԪֱ

һ̣峤¶ֵɫû뵽ԼȻ䡣֮ǰʮ㣬Ҫ壬ȴû뵽Ȼйŷһʡ
һȻɱˡ
ӴԹ峤ʧ
ǿ峤ˣ˶һŹŷ磬ܵŷ˫ս𶯡
ɱ
ŷ磬һ壬ˡ
ڴʱɱԼĶ֣ȾѪȴһֳȻʣҰ֮дʥϢ̲סһҪĤݵĳ嶯
ǿĹŷһ֣ǣֱɱǵĶ֡ЩܵĻᶼûУͱɵˡ
֮һƬѪɫħ޺ŵ֮Ѫ꣬·ضڱˡ
ʱ֮ڣô벽ѣиУŻ
дУ˵ʱҪԳ֣Ըŷˡ
Ͼʲô벽ѣһ򣬶һǿˣȻ޷̡
лֵܡһڣЦݡ
һһֱĵˣֻǸʱ򣬸һֱ壬Ϊĺǿ˭Ҳһ峹׳ΪĻ⽫ǵѡ
ǣЩ֪ΪʲôһЩ壬ȻһҲǿƣǸɱһ塣
岻˵СֻԶԵģϾһ壬벽ѣ˭Ҳ˵С
һ侪޵壬ǿߡҺٺ˽úܶǿߣǳϲ塣
лǽҪһŷоһ
һ⣬̽Ե˵һ壿
ŷͷ
ŷĻ̲סɫ΢䣬Ȼüͷ
һ壬Ӱʵ̫ˣҪȻйŷæҲûбʤİա
һʵǿȻµǿߣȻкܶǿߣڰ벽Ѿ硣
һ֮Уһʼ湦컯ҪΪ˳ǿˣʣµЩǲ£Ǹʼ棬ʵ̫ǿˣǲܹһսɱԷ˵һجΡ̲סЦ
ŷоһʱһ뷨ӵǿˡ
ΪŷҲЩģѾˣɱһǿߣԷʼ棬᲻Ǩŭ硣
һԷ֣ºѵֿһǿߣǺεǿ󣬹ŷֱ޷
ȻûгǿܵҲһϣʵ̫£Ըκǿߡ
ˡŷͷɫЩء
ҲЩǣղǳ֣ȷʵЩǷǣٸһѡ϶
彫ǵѣȻܹŴ¡
һҪɱǣȻĻλѵļ磬ܻᱻȥɫء
ŷͷͻȻʵһǲǵ˺ܶࣿ
һһֱ̫ǿˣѸûмֻ̫ǿԲŲǣȻǹ˳һЩˣܶҲһ岻ġ˵
а취ˡŷЦˡ


2279 Ů
û˿ԺǸ컯ʼʵˡŷо˸
ŷ⣬۾һҡҡͷ
ôˣŷĿͶ֪϶һЩûиԼ
УҺǺ׽ǹһλѣʵʼ֮£ǡ˵̲ס̾Ϣһ
ŷ綢ʾ˵ȥ
Զǵʼһ𣬵סʼǿߵĹս󣬸ɱԷˣʼҲˣˣһֱڣδȬЦ˵
ĻĴĳԱ̲סЩȻʼ滹ڣλʼδܵ˺ǴҲ䵽һ衣
ȥ֡ŷЦ˵
ƣ
λǿ֣߳ٹĶһЩˣȻҪһʣ¡
λǰ֣ܳˣıԵˣ֮ǰһսĻܹʼİҪǳֵĻ϶̫ôһһɬ
ˣҲһͳһƬ
˼Źŷ磬ʲô
磬ˣΪһ顣ͻȻϲ˵
ƵĻüͷЩõ˵鸴ǾԲģλǰһֱȻҲðԪָԼƵġ
̲סЦˣ֪Լ˼
ˣѵ˾۵һݡЦ˵
۾һŷ硣
ֻҪ˲ʲôƣҶƺáŷͷЦ˵
ʱǶ¶ϲɫ
ΪһҽɣһǶ˵ֻǸǰϵ̫ˣѰҽɣ޷ƣΪʵǿ
ǹŷ粻һһҽɣһǿߣȻֻи޵еľ磬ǰ벽ѶĶ֣Ѱˣ͵סĺɱ
ʵӽǸǰûκ⡣
ȥλǰԥֱ˵
ֻҪλǰָһ˺̨ʱȻ޷ƽһ壬Աȴ㹻ˡ
ڹŷҽйţ˵˫֮ûйŷβõĲϵûоҽõˡ
һ˾ǰǴˣǾ̫ϧˡ
ҽɣ˵ֻ֮Уܹߵŷһˣ֮УҲҲ
Ƕһ£ȥǸǰԸ
ģһʱᣬȻǸϼһԳҲҵǡЦ˵
Ļŵ˵ͷȻкŷһ뿪
а𣿡ŷ磬̲סʵ
ŷ˵ͷϴһĨЦݣ˵ҽƺſɲǰ׸ģûβõƣҲûβõĲʹ
ͷŷ֮˸ʡ
ŷһأаЦ˵òϲ˰ɣҲ̫˰ɡ
ǺǡһЦû˵
һ֣ùŷЩëˣ㲻ĿԼ˰ɡһǿƵŮˣɲź
ȻԼŷлǺܵġ
λʲôأͻȻתͷʵ
̸ʲôʱءЦе˵
Ļһ£Ȼ̲סЦ˵žŮӵĿǣȻˣһŶҪΪˣȻʹ֮һ
ֵܣʱ֣ǵŮҾͲˣҪֻͣҪŮ¾ˡЦеģŷ˵
һ㱻ԼĿˮǺסƵԼӣһֱûңû뵽ȻˣҪ˲ǱˣȻǻŮ
ƣ㻹ΪŮˣûм˻кý֪ľ߸벽Ѳһ㱻УȻҵֵܣĲ㡣鴤˵
ŷǲǺģһ˵Щˡ
ƵʵԲ˼ǸŮȣȻơһа벽սһһİ벽սŮǿߣùŷ˺档
磬ĴŮ֮еľ߸֣ͷǳ٣ֻҪһ˳֣Ǿʾ޵ģǳ׵ŮӣǷ˿ȵġ
Ůʲôˣѵһ벽ѣܹһŮӣŷʵ


2280 
ŷĻ̲סһЦȻ˵ͷ˵Ǳˣҿ϶ԼֵܣǻŮһҼΪʾ޵Ůӣ˵ҲñȻŮǿ
ŷһǳԾˣʵжǿʵǱȽɵģղɵĸɱһ벽ѣ˵һС
ԿŮ֮еĸţˣŶҲ
ȴ˵бŮӣ㣬㶼Ҫǿ𾪣ͬʱЩš
Ůǰ벽ѣȴʮ֮ڶţȻһ컯ʵҲȻŮǿ֮ԻŮڶΪԭԻŮҪڶġɫ֣ص˵
˼һС椣ŷ磬ûȤС椸㿴˹ŷһۣ֮дһĨЦʵ
ŷҡͷЦ˵ޣۣȻǸŮֵܵĿ꣬Ȼʲô⣬ҲʲôɫжѲɼһŮӣҶҪӵУҿûôľ
Ҿͷˡһһӡ
̲סҡͷԼֵܣе쿪ǱˣϣԻŮκϣ
ҵеҪһŮǲǺʹ˵֮еһоһЩ˵
Ȼ˼Ȼ˵Ů֣ȴЩǿ˵УŮǿͬŮӣȻ̱˱Լ㣬رû׼¡
ҲŮ˾ʵզΣܹȵùǵС㡣ŷЦ˵νĻŮŷûκȤ
ŷĻ¶ɫ
ڴʱһŻ£ͬʱ߲âŷ¡
ʲôˣŷһ䣬ͬʱ̲סЩȣԷʵǿ󣬾Ȼڳ֮ǰŷδ쵽ԷĴڡ
ɫ΢΢Щأᵯָһֱӱơ
ϼɢ¶һ˵ӡ
һŮӣݱ䣬ɣɫս£߲һͷ޴ķӰ
ǻŮͻȻһ¶һĨЦôôɣ̸ۻŮԷó֣һǵĻ˽ȥ
ջŮƢһο²˽ˡ
ȷʵ˻Ůһֹۣ
ŮˮΪΪǣ֮㣬ѳ˼㡣
˭ֻ֣Ǳûһ覴á
ŷҲһ־޵ĸоǲںԷѹŮΣǿһս϶ѹԷ
ȿȣղſð˹£ǲǹġŷ翪ڣŮǸ
ûг嶯ϾдȣԹŷƽ
һսˣǾȥʤˣ飬Ҳ׷ŮŹŷ磬˵ֻ֮йŷһ˵Ĵһ
ŮĻŷ΢΢ü˵ǲҪ˰ɣ˺ǹԸĻҿΪһ壬Ҳһֱĵ⣬Խˡ
ŮŷĻһ䣬¶ɭȻɫ˵֪һЩʲô
ΪΪҿһףڶ㣬õĽΪ˵Ķ¯Լһжɿգɡŷ絭˵һۿ˶Է֮еʵ
Ůɫױˣʵû֪Ǵʱȴһİһۿˡ𾪵˼㣬Ŀⶢڹŷϣѯʡ
ʲôҲԾѵһŮӣƸ˫ֻǱ˵һ¯ʲôǣȻǰ벽֮ΪĴڣҪһҲװɡ
㶮ʲôŮЦɫ֮Щмһ˿
ŷ絭һЦ˵
һսŮŹŷ硣
һüͷŮе㲻֪ôˣüͷ˵ҲʲôŮϽÿҪǸ·
ڻŮͲǺϲڶԷǵ·ϣǲˡ
Ůû˵ֻһ߲⣬ŷ¡
㻹ûʸΪĶ֣һսȡ֣סһ⣬ϴһĨЦס˻Ůһ
ŮᣬӦսǲѡ֣Ȼֱӳ֣һ
ŮսøǿߣĥԼκսĻᡣҡͷ˵Щ̾
ҲһŮӣҪħצȴڶûгɹʵϲսŷҡͷɫЩꡣ


2281 Ůս
ЩãȻ׹ŷʲô˼
ǻŮ۾ȴˣŹŷ磬֮Щš
ǲеģȻǿ߶սǿߵĹĥǸˣٶԶԶҪԼǿԸ޷вǸڡŷ絭˵ɫ֮΢΢Щꡣ
а취ŮŹŷ硣
ŷͷʹĳˡ
ŮЩ٣ҧŴ˵ҡ
ƾʲôŷ練ʡ
Ůһ£һâȻЦ㲻ңҾɱ㡣

Ц˳ҲЦˡ
ǳϻŮǿȻ벽ܹ֮ѹƻŮҲûмǹŷȴһ˵
ЦʲôŮˬĵһۡ
Ц˲ŷ絹ûдŮӣϾͬ飬Ůǡ
һŮΪǵùŷ粻Ǻϲ
˼Ҵ򲻹㣿ŮһƲмЦݡ
ŷͷһǫ˼ûУ˵Ҫѹ㣬಻ᳬС
ŮɫˣŹŷ磬ҪӦʵ
ǣôܵҲֻܹоһ޵Уδ벽ѵľ硣
֮еĸ޵Уʮ֮⣬ͲС
ɫмڹŷղ˵Ļһ㶼ˡҲΪŷЩʲôԿԼ˵ʵ϶ûеġ
ҲĶ֣ҪһսĻȴҡЦ˵ŻŮʮ㡣
ŮмĿһۣЦһ˵ƾ㣿
̫߰ˡЦ
ΪһţȻ˵㹻ĵ
͡
Ů֣߲أһͷˣѪ֮춯أȻֻǸ޵еľ磬һֱ㾪춯أµ˼㡣
ˡ㵭˵
תһֻѹ䣬ִ̧߲һһ֣Ǭţѹ¡
Ůɫ΢䣬ڻʵֻһγ֣һԲǿߡ
ûŮ¶ɫսҪʤҪܣĻǸڵ
սһŮսȫ˿ҰϢ
һιŷļʶľɣһգ߸ϡʮأŽδֻһ߸ϵŮ񣬳ȻϣѰ
̧֮䣬ǧͨ컯أʩչִɱŮ
ŮɫʱףԼС˶Էʵ̫ǿˣʵԼ֮ϣָ򣬸Լܹȵġ
ֻǸոսһᣬ·磬ǵĶ֡
Ů֪ǣҲǳ𾪣Ҫ֪ʩչ߲ʵǾȻ޷ѹƻŮܣԵľˡ֪ڸ޵ʱҲδܹȻŮĺá
Էų֮еڶ콾츳Ǿ޵˼㡣
ҲǿʤͷԼľ磬ѹڸ޵е۷徳磬ͻŮһս
һսܿ£ѣŮԭ߲ͣأ̺ſµĻͬʱϣлһеܣ˾㤡
Ŀɿڴ̲סһڿˮŮˣԼĲ״ζԼѡЩã
ΪŮʵ̫ǿˣʵ̲סֱʿˮ
˼ս
˵ľ磬ڸ޵е۷壬ȫѹƵļޣſµײ
Ժ䣬ȻŮӣȴһֿµı̲סզࡣ
һָоŮˣǺͬһ磬ѹǼֱһ
ǹŷ磬վһߣĽζ
δŲȤһЦ⡣
һڿˮȻ̲סЦ˰֣Ц˵Ҫ˵ˣҸղֻǺ˵ģһ뷨ûˡ
ŷȻȻ̲סҡͷʲôŮȻǿǻûùŷܹоѹĵز
ų֮еĵڶ֣ǹŷȴãʵȻǾԲܺԼȡ
ȻŮһսҲδػ䡣Ȼǰȫ֣ͬһ磬϶Ķ֡
Ȼ˵Ϊﵽ־磬ӦòǺܴġʵϣһ콾֮䣬ֻԽԽ
ǹŷ磬ӵľޣǽ벽Ѿ磬ʵԲҲܹа峬Ҳ˵
ȻֻǹŷԼĸоôŷ绹Ͼṳ̂Ǹ硣


2282 
ûвҪԷƱŮӣȷʵѵãǻûеֲ󼰵ĵزأ㡣ŷЦ
֣û˵
֮ϣŮսŮȴ˾˵ı仯ȻĻһͷޣǷģۼףһֿµϢѹء
ⲻڻŮڵǸױ
ʱֱ·磬Щģҿ⣬ͨתŮ
ȴ֣Էһ˺ܶ࣬Խ
ȫ֣ڲԼʵѹŷ㺰
ŷѣף϶ǹŷеǸ֣Цһֱ˼ս
һţʵȻСȻڰ벽֮УҲǿߡ
ͲȻ͹ŷȣûޣǱЩ벽ѣȴš
ͲڻŮʱȫ߳һ磬ȻԷдףҲסĹ
գһִյգȫɢֲܣڻŮϡ
Ůľ׿ޱȣɫħ죬Ҫһ㡣վûеס㣬ѹĴϣ
ÿµĴڣܹоղĲǸڵһϢѣʵ¼һˡ̲ס𺳵˵
ŷͷҲֻֿ벽ԳΪĳǿˣˣԵĿ¡
ȻԷʧȥ壬֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬶һ󱲵ڣδָ壬ǹŷȴܹоԷĲǡ
ſңСǶȲĻ⿪ҵķӡͷ׿ޱȣȣǽӡ
ٷϻɱ㡣üв
ɱɣһħֻҪҳ֣ǶҪȻħҲҵʵȻҲˡǸ׿˵
üͷһ壬ųһˣûôɵ
ԷҲٵһУ˻Ů¯ĶпҪ
Ҳ̲סЦҪȥԮģһһӸ鷳ˡ
вңŷЦһ
һ֮²ȥʱްӶˣѪ
ʲôǱɫʶľҪֹŷ磬ŷǲˬɫǶʱ˵ˡ
ףԼȰŷ磬ҲδãۣڽаĴڣȻǿ󣬵ǾԲǿĹ
ǳǿߣȻĻ֯Ե˭Ҳսʤǡ
С㾹ȻңħɣһҪһ򡣡Ǹ׿ٴδ˳
һ̣ŷһ˳ȥްԴ飬嶼˿µơ
ھɱ㡣ŷĮ˵˫ֽӡſ³𣬽ͷ޸С
죬޾ûУ֮ľȫϣԷ
Щ֣Ϊܵв
޴Ѫɫ۾ŷ֮г˾ʲôˣΪ쵽ŷʩչ𣬲ȫλֱӽһЩȱݵУȱݣ˲㴦ڱıԵ
ͷ޴û뵽ģǸħЩȱݣԼܹ쵽ЩȱݣŷҳˣԼȴûо쵽
㵽ʲôˣЩֵʵ
ۡŷ絭˵
޾޴һȻڻŮڣҲ۵ͷһµˣ
ŹŷսͷԽԽúܶ˶ʶһϴڼ
Ȼɲ˳ѣҲԳΪ֮еΪĴڣһЩʼᲢۡ
㲻ɱңɱңŮҲѪ壬ҵĻ飬һɱңŮԻˣ˵ۣһҽɣӦźܴĲŶԣ׿һŶԣսһ޹˵һˣʵǳֲǴʱȴΪˣһ㶼£ǹŷȴ̫죬ֱҵħ֮еȱݣֻҪȥ
ŷ絭һЦû˵Ҳûͣ֡
ۣ㵽ҪôֻҪŹңʲôԡ޴ʱѾȫˣĻԹŷһôûСܵŷļᶨȥĻпҪɱ
вҡŷЦ˵


2283 ۸Ů
޳Ĭû˵
Ҳɱ㣬ǸŮȻһ㣬Ҳ˵ҽ߸ĸģǲɱһ޹˵ġŷ絭һЦ˵Ļʱþһ
ɫһ䣬Ҫ˵ʲôȴסˡ
һȻֲõĸоǻһ
Ůųŷһ˵
ȻԹŷ˺⣬ǴʱͷޣȴòӹŷĻڻı仯˻Ůӡ
ɫսϣǴʱȴЩ顣϶Ѫͷ­ˣȻܵʲôӵ˺ŮҲܵͬ˺
̫ˣҲ֪ϧ񡣡ŮӣʱЩۣ˹ŷһۣЩ˵
ŷղǿǾޣҪһͷϧ񣬹ŷľԼ
û˵ִֻ̧һûŮڡ
Ů޸۾һ˫ʱҪ֡
ŷֱһֻ£ѹס˻ŮֱӽķһߵӶ쿴ˣ׵ؽ˻ŮҪķǾһ㡣
ŮҲܵ˹ŷʵһֱûκζˡ
ʵ͹ŷȣ̫ˣٶֵĻȡ衣
ղŵŷɿ֣ſ˶ԻŮĽ
һ£Ů۾ͻȻˡ
ҿɱǸޣҲԽв¯Ԫĵŷ۾˵
Ůɫûκα仯ֻǶŹŷ磬ʵҪʲô𣿡
ܼ򵥣ΪҾѾͷԴһѣҽ߸ĸģҪ֪һˡŷһˡ
ǺǡŮЦһ
ž
ŷһڻŮԴϣĵЩɡ֮ŮȻעҪΪ¯ǵ֮У˭Դ
Ů۾ͺˣҪ͹ŷƴ

һڻŮͷϣֱԴһʹӡ
һĻļһȻܹӵôӣҲ̫˰ɣһ㶼ϧ
㶼ȥˣ˹ŷһۣҪ̫֡
ֻҪ㣬˾ƯԶ֣ǰʲô˵ҪúǺǣҲŷԵ˵ڳ˷ǳ˭Ҳû뵽ŮȻΪǺһͰˡ
ŮӦŭųŷ磺Һƴˡ
۾죬ŭˣСûء
һ̣ŷץס˻ŮֱѹԼϣӶԼĴ֣ƨɺݺݴ˹ȥ
Ůˣڳ˶Щɣǿʲô߰ĻŮȻһ˴ƨɡ
˾ãˣǷˡ
ŷ֮гȻֱ̫ţˡ
ŷ絹ǲԼʲôţƵ飬СѾͷƨɣֲûʱǷ˵ʱ򣬸սѧСѾͷһί

Щʱ򣬻ŮͻȻˣƹŷķӡȻ˹ŷƿأһ˹ŷϡ
ŷֱӺ˳ȥһɽ棬һɽֱӷ飬ʧ
쵰ɱ㡣Ů˵Ƿһ·˹ȥɱ졣
һѽŮסЦãŮһҪɵŷӣϽ˵ˣĶ֣Ҫǻ뱻ƨɵĻȥɡ
ŮһκζֻϵķߺޣɵӶܹ
ŷϴһӡӵ
ȿȡ
Ƕһ㱻ԼĿˮǺסˣһ̫ˡ
ҷǳĸ㣬˲ԺٴӢһὫƨɴɰ˰ꡣŷһŭݺݵŮ˵
ŮмĿ˹ŷһۣЦҲӢµ˶𣿡
ԲۣСƢŷߣӡ
ˣҪˡЦã˷ֿǲҪˡ
СʤһΣŮͻȻ˺ܶ࣬Щ⣬ƲƲ죬ֹô󣬻ҳˣ֪η
ŷݺݵĴһݺݵĶŻŮҧгݡ
ǳúܳ󣬻Ů͸Ұɣұ˧ˡһһӳڹŷǵǰ
ӳ֮ǿߣͬڹŷǵܡ
ãǿߣ߹һϽŷǡ


2284 ս
벽ѣŷ絹δκɫ仯
һ˿ɱλ벽ѣֻҪûгȻĴڣͲ壬ѹƶԷ
ЩȻڰ벽Ѿ磬ǲǺǿ󣬹ŷ绹ûзС뵽ŷ̲סЦˣʱ޵УҪĴڣǴʱȴԸӺܶ벽ѡ
ЦʲôŷͻȻЦˣǸͷǿɫһʵ
Ц׳գЦǲŮӦǳ侲ٹŷ磬ǸǿЦ
ǸͷǿɫʱЦŮΪʵǿ󣬱ʮǿߵڶܹңҿԳȫ㡣
ᣬɱ졣
ͬһһսɱһֻϣ㾳ҸߣҲûдҵĿܣ治֪ʲô˵ղŵǷġŮЦм֮дһɲм
Ҫˮŷϣ˷Ļʱ̲סֱӽ˻硣
Ҿɱ㣬Ҳʲôڶˡк˸˵ȻŮ˹ȥ
Ů۾ðԣɱһԡ
Ļ䣬һŮ˵𣺡ɱһԡ
һֻѩ׵£ֱӳڷϣֱը˳ȥ
ս
һ
һŮӣɫսףһͷ˳㷢һ£һҰԵϢ
һųɷҲһۣǶ˹ŷ硣
üһҴһŮӿڣΪս֣˾ս
ǿߣһǺһξ룬ս֮г˼ɵ
˵֮ǵˣսһȻŮӣȴսɿһֿµս⣬ս֮ĸ֡
ʼ֮£ս޵У֮仰ʵ޽ӽЩʼ棬ǰ治֮Ϊ۷Ĵڡ
ԣڴ֮ǰǿһŷֱӴӦûκԥ
ŷʹɫҪӦŮ̫ˣȻǡ
ʲôսüͷһ
ŷָЩ벽ѣ˵һ֣˭ɱĶࡣ
ңսüͷһ塣
ŷһаЦһ䣺ң
Ǻǡ
սֱӳ֣ղű˵ķ˹ȥ
Ƥŷ簵һԥһ壬ͨȫȥɱǿߡ
˭Ҳû뵽˵־Ͷ֣˿¡
ս˲ߣûеȴӦֱ֣Ӵ˷ͷ­Ԫɳߡ
һ˫Сȭͷֱ˹ȥԪֱӱɱ
ɱһ벽ѣ˲ɣսЩ⣬Щʼȫ֣˭ܹ
תŷʱ򣬶ʱ̲סɴ۾
ŷ֣ͨ巢⣬죬ֻءһֶϻꡢʵʥӡһ𣬻޵еĹսѹ£벽ȫɱֿĻᶼûС
һУŷˡ
ԷѾɵˣȹŷǲ֪ܣǴʱѾˡŷ֣벽ѼҲɱܿĻ벽ѣйŷ磬ɱѪȾ񷡣
ʣµһǿߣҪߣȴƵսסһŵ顣
սתŹŷ磬еս˿Ρ
һսսЩ˵Ҫĵ֣Եǿ󣬿Ժһսһۡ
ŷҡͷԶ
治ʱ򡣡սţһˬɫ
Ļһ䣬һͷ޴죬˫һչգһ˻ȻҪɨˡ
̫ˡսЦȻ֣һֻΪһֻΪһ𣬻棬һ𣬱µ
չᣬײһжȫ飬ַ򶼱ˣԴԪ
ﳤһ߳ڹŷǵǰȻܴˣЩϣվȴһϵΨҶϢһ˫ɫɨ̲סһλҪȥ
ʼŹŷǣɱ졣
ֻսʱ򣬷΢΢üͷȻЩɵ
ϼһΪʲôҪҡսɫֱӷѡ
սӦףҲΪǼ鷳ģÿڣǺǿƣΪʼ棬ҲʲôˣսʵǿƲ


2285 ս
սһ˶ٵˣһսʹܹɱսҲҪܵΪµش޷޸
ԣսͻ
ղŹʲôսʡ
ǿƣҿóûкøУһ㶼ûлɸΪ񲯵뷨ڹȷ
սĸӦףȴɱǣһһûкأ㾹ȻҡɫһɫҲЩÿ
սЦˣɫ֮г˲м
ɱ˾ɱˣΣսԵ˵΢΢һУʼ棬Ц˵Ҫ𣿡
ĲһѪϻ˵ûǸ˼Ҫ֪˼սҪ顣սô򣬸ԡ
ս㵽ʲô˼֪ʵǿվҵĶ֡
սһЦŷ磬ЦʵС磬Ȥһնϼһ𣿡
û⡣ŷ絭һЦվ˳
˲ͷųԼǿϢŷ
ŭˣСȻҪնɱȻһսҲС
˶˺ɱŷ
Ŀ棬дתҪ֣˵˵ѡ
սϣɫս׷⣬ǿޱȣپ죬һŲ¡Ľ·˸ſµͨۡ
ʼŭս̫ˣȻýŲ̤ԴһӺ裬۾ðˡ
һХ·𸴻ˣʼϣĶ˳ȥӲսһֻš
䡣
һ㸲һжڣǿİ벽ѳ֣ԻٵһƬ
սˣʵǿ󣬵Ǻͷȣȷʵһ㡣
΢ǿƣһɫս֣һӶһ»ζѹأս¡
Ϊ̫ǣ֮ᣬһֲĪܡ
ʼ淨죬ſ³һ棬һƬȼŵǺס̫ǡըͬʱ˼
֮һУȻ𣬴ʱȻһ벽վҲ˲䱻˺顣
һ֮£ƽɫ
սʵԣɽаʼǿߣҲ˵ǸĴڵġ
ս㲻ҵĶ֣սȥֻ䡣ȣأܶǿ߶ˡ
սȻʼ˳ͻֱ˹ߵ
ˣҲһˡսЦ˵Ұʮ㣬սһսΣʮѣݣ˳ȥ
ʮ콣ʵԻģӵſµܡ÷ɫִ̧һɫ¯ӣ¯ѹأƣһ֣޾գʮƬ򶼰ˣǶʧȥ¶ȣǡ
¯ңкĻ棬кȻһǳ֣ȫǴ򻯳ɣſµ컯ΰ
ʮ콣ǳײһһƬΪѤõ̻˼㡣
ǣ˶֪һ𻨣ɱһǿߣһ硣ʼ漶ײµ˼㡣
һսˣ·磬վδȫǸ磬ʵʼ档
ʼЦǿޱȣָ̧⣬ѹһƬأʱǿɱ˹ȥҪһٽսˡ
ҹȥ
ڴʱһȴŷ֣ͨںһһһսɱ
ʼɫܵһвǿвֱָҪ
תִ̧һƣŷײָ䣬һȫɱȥ
ʱŷһսкɨ޵е̬⻪һһС
顣
һ죬ը޾ɫͻƽںһһȫըȫɳȥ
ǸѪܣѪⶼٵˣ۶ϣ𶯣һѪղһײȻˡ
ŷҲһƲ࣬ǴʱָҲڵѪղռ֣͵ϮȻˣɴ˿ɼһʼ漶ĴڵǺεǿơ
СŭˣҪɱ㡣ɭȻĶŹŷ磬쵽ˣһ޴вŸ޵о磬Ȼǽ벽ѣ벻Ƕˡ
ɱңƾ㣬Ҳ䣬ǾԲҡŷһŷɱ졣
ս˸ֻǲ²ŷʵҲԺֺͷһսȻģŷ˵˷Ȼأ˵ʵˡ
Զǿ߷Ǻˣôǿľ粻ֻǸ޵жѰ


2286 컯
۾ðһԲŹŷ磬ͨ¯ѹŷ硣
죬գǿµ𣬱˼£Խκλ棬µ˼㡣
ŷ̤֮ϣһ˲һȻ̧֣һȭȻӲ¯

һ죬ǿ¯˳ȥ潻֯޾򣬴ʱȻЩˣһ㱻ŷɢ
ʲôսǿ߳ԾǺε˫ӲһʼĳɵҲ̫ˡ
һķѾԽһ챦ſµܣĿѹϵ£ûʲôԴݻġ
ǹŷһȭȴһɢĵֱ̫ˡ
˲ǿߣȻἮʿо˸Źŷ翴
޵ֱܹ֣Ȼ컯ҲҪͣʮֵλó
Ƕڲ²ŷݣȴ²
Щʿûۣǵӡ֮УȻۿҲûô졣
ϧûд飬Ϳ¯Ӳ˳ˡսһЦһϧ˵
һȭ飬еڶȭǶҪɵοһ¯ӡŷһЦк˸
⻰ҰսЦ
ʼ涢Źŷ磬ĿȻʵǺˣ
㲻Ҫ֪ŷ絭һЦȻ˵Լݡ
͵ʼ鷳Ȼ˵ˡ
ͷ¶β󱲡м
ŷͲ⣬һ㶼νô˵ҲãҲãֻ
Ǿۡڴʱһ
ŷһ˹ȥ޾֮Уһ͸ޱȵϢ޾ƣػ޾ħӰߵݡ
ȫ󣬵ȴǳˣȻں쳾֮Уȴǳ˳ȥһ޵еϢǬ
ǹŷ֣Է޵о磬Լ࣬ڸ޵绹δߵޡ
˹ŷ粻ʶȴһ˵ݣùŷɫ
ʱ˵֣ûк⣬һŷǳ
Ǻˣʵ
ʮֵһ컯սһۣ˶Էϡ
ŷһ뵽һֿܣĿӱˡ
ŷʵ
ǣԺҲһ֡컯ڣ˵ĻЩ
ŷȴǻһǸڣȻ֮Уǰ컯һҲ˵ϡ
ȵ컯ɳһĵزҪգʵ
ȻǹŷĲ²⣬ȴЩ϶ˡ
ΪҪ¶ҵݣŷʵ
עĵˣкйصˣ֣ǵˡ컯˵
ŷüͷһ壬ʲô˵ǵˣء
Թһսŷк˸һ̣ɱȥҪɱԷ
컯ת˲ԶȥͲ͹ŷһս
ŷüʲô˼ȻҪԸԼȴ֣Ȼе㲻ԡ
ʱȴôˣʼ涢Źŷ磬Ц˵һΪһǿߣȻǾۣѵ㲻ò֮е飬е̫𣿡
֮Уһ˿ɵΪ֮У̫ǿƣ񶼸ײ˰޽ɣʵ̫ǿˡ
ҲͬŭԼ˱ɱԺ;Ѳ˹ϵ
һ壬ʩҪѵȺΪѣȻò֡ŷЦȻ
أûһ˿η塣
ȻˣҲɱһǿʮ벽ѣҪѪЩȥǿߡЦ˵仰ʱúܶ𶯡
ʮ벽ѣֲ÷ҪץˡҪ֪벽ѣȻ֮УҲ棬ưһ
Ǵʱȴɱһ˵޷ܵʧ
Щľ˵еľۣȻǿƣճ֮Уɱ١
һɱ˶ˣ˵ˣҪ㣬ֱһɽײˡս̵
ЦҲ˵ˣҪǴɱ˷˵һĸ֣ûʸȥ˵ˡ
תֱӳ֣ɱŷ硣
ŷӭսźܴĲ࣬˫ϸͨԿһս
ս趯ս٣˫ʼ档
һսľ춯أ棬ȫΪµĴڣǼҲɱʱѪȥԶϡ
ܶԶͲҿһ㡣̫ˣһ˿ҲԻٵһЩǿߡ


2287 ˭Ǳ̬
Ƭĵ򱻴Ǽս
ŷǿƳ֣ͨһѹ¡
Ǭ飬žԼķɣâŽδȻսʼ涼̲ס̾ŷľ˫̵˾۵ķɡ
ߣվûн磬ҵĶ֣ɱ죬ϣȼվһС
תɱ֮һдڡ
սХͷ˿һ־ӣӶУһһսɨ
ȻΪŮӣȴоӲ֮䱩µĲţһɻٵһŴǡ
̫ˣ˵ս춯أΪ֮𺳡
ŷϣѪڣ񽣣ж֮ƣɱ˿񱩣ǿɫˣò˱ܣһһ꣬жʱͿռ䣬ŷ޾֮䡣
ӲŷĹ̫ˣֱҪݻһС
ŷս죬˺޾ޣ˳ǿƳ֣罣ն䣬һ޴Ľû֮У߼ʣ£ѹ䡣
ҫۣޱȣһ㣬һִ󾪿֡
ſ³¯Ȼ˳ȥ¯֮У죬һͷȥһͷ˫һչ˺졣
شգһ𣬻һ־ڹŷϣЩ⡣
䡣
ըһжˣӰ˳ȥ໥һۣԷеɱ
սӾ֮ϣ£һսʱɨȥͷ­
ɫ΢΢һ䣬й⻪һһѳɫĴꪱٻͬʱ¯ˣͷһɫͬٲһ㣬Сһ̣дꪶȥ죬дԻչ¶âסս

һ죬սսһ
չ˽ɱʩչ似ǿڣ֮䣬ɷ츲ء
һӰ˽ǹŷ磬罣֣ȫûκμɣȫ
ȴɫһ̫ˣŷʩչʩչǿв
ꪽսˣһХŷ嶩˹ȥ
ûѡ˱ܣΪ֪սûа취˺һŷȡȻ϶Ҫд鷳
ԣŹŷ粻ҺԼ
ֻǣϵǣŷ۾գһȻ£ûһҪ˵Ĵ㡣
һһá
ͻȻʶԼˣǱˣҲǰ˭Ǿۣ޵еһ·ѪսɱǿƵ˼㣬ʲôʱĴ˵ȻǷ˵òЩŷ硣
ˣôܻˣ
ۡ
ŷ屻ͬһʱ̣罣һͣͶûУ¡
֮䣬һѪ⣬飬ΪһѪڴʱ𶯣ŷ飬ѪȾ񷡣
ܾ˵һ˵ϡ
˭û뵽۾ȻݣԸƴԼˣҲҪ
ʼ޵УÿߵУ˵һԽķᱮǿֻǴ˵Ĵڣ޵еģ񻰲ɴƣսѪƴʼ棬ҲδйԻ͵ս
ǾˣԲ޵еľ磬δߵ۷壬̫ˡʱʲôʮ֣ȫҪվǿ컯ҲǾ۵Ķ֣̫ǿˡ
ۣŷͷԻǶӣԷе⡣
һԲ֪ԼˣȻɱŷ磬ҲԼ档Ӵ֮ȻΪһʼ棬ſ϶ή͵һز
νʼ棬Ҳˣͬףɱһֻϡŷ˵ǲмŷǺ⡣
Хͷɫͷȼգŭˡ
ɫĴָŹŷ磬ʱ֣չ籩һĹ
ս͹ŷ粢ʱûг֣˭ܹץˣһսս
ֳգһƬͣգȻˡδѡ֣ת뿪ʧʡ
ܶʶһָоսݵĻ²֪ҪжҪУ򣬿¶ð
Ϊսһ壬󶼲ֻһǿߡսȻһܹͬһЩս
ڷ͸˵ˣǿߣȻʶѣһǾ춯صĴ
ϼһ뿪ŷ̲ס̾
Ȼûע⵽ΧǿǹŹֵ˵˱̬ⲻ֪ڱ˵Уһı̬


2288 սս
˶̾ʱսˣŷչһ
ŷ糤ХֱӶԿ
ȭͷײżʱȫըǵˣѪڡ
˱˿Ŀɿڴ˲һôͻȻսЩͷԡ
ŷ¶Ц֪սַӦԹŷǿƣֱӳ֣ײһ
ŷ糤ХֻӶֻأ潣죬ǻʵ
չ˾ն񷡣
ֻؾأսϣҪ
һ̣Ȼս̲סɫһһֻΪһֻΪһһ̫ͼ콣һȥ
ӲŷĹ˿ֺ
սƹŷĹɱ˳ᣬҷɫĹâ˸һ£ѹ񷣬ŷ¡
ŷг罣ɨ
񱩵ĽݻһУӲ£ֱն£һ̣˳ȥһֻŲȥ̤սͷ­
սɫڣһҲ̫֪ϧ˰ɣȻýŲ̤Դ
һתսգնŷ֮䡣
ŷһŲȥԿսԼҲᱻ룬ܾ˵ĽŷȻԸܡ
תӣһŲڶԷս档һɴɳȥ
棬ʱ䣬һƽɫò˳Ծ˶̫ǿˣĺǿرǹŷ磬˵еľۣȻʹ֮һǿơ
ǧʱ𣬳ɾǿߣȻȲսʼ漶ǿߣҲԶˡ
뵽ŷЩ仯Щη
սЦĺʹ죬Ķ֣һ֪ĸо
ǿЦ޷ֹˣֻܹ档
ڻŮŷ֮УʣУսǿĽ޵УҲֻʼ漶ǿߣܹ档ڵǸڣҲսɵսڵʱ֡
һǿߣŷȴסˣսۡ
ʵϣŷʵЩսֻսľ̫ḻˣҲһʦǿֲһЩࡣڶʱ֮ڣһƽɫ
ǳ־һսĻŷܵļʺܴ󣬵ȻսĻŷȴһ㶼壬ںսһ
ȻڵûбҪȻ棬ȴֻһϵд衣
䡣
ŷһȭͨ廯ɫǲµ˼㣬ת˼ޣ֮ûʲôԴݻġ
һ̣ŷ˿ѹս
ǿսľһ֧ŵĸоɫȴǳ˷ܣսŨˡ
䡣
սͨ巢⣬ڵס˹ŷĲݺ죬߸ʮǧȫ£ŷС
ơ
ŷ糤ХֱӴһͨȻ˳
磬սͬս졣
սڣѪǳϼתƣôڲ
ŷ絯Уƣһƣʱһ޵е޵УҪݻһ赲ѹһе֡
һ䣬ŷûǳһɻٵһ硣磬ŷһ̤شƣѹս
ս˿񣬽һʵӵ˼ޣҪܶ֡
սɫ˷ܣɫսһս裬ÿһ缡ڷ⣬пٵص˿䶼ڷ⣬ǳУһƬǺʣֻķ˿䣬תſµΰ
򵥶ֱӣȴ̺ռϣɢʵĹ⣬޺ȴΪֲÿһ˿̺ΰ
һ̣˵Ĺײһ
ʧɫǳȫըһƬǣȫĬһжɿգʧ
ֻӰվÿһëף緢ϼһǳһµĳκǿ߽룬Ҫ˺顣

ŷſأһУ˷ֿµȫϣͣĺˣһ
սü壬ŷɫ֮Уһ˿͡
ٳ֣վϢһͨˡһֳȻʣȴΣ绪һ˿Ұԣһˣǡ
˺ܳһξ룬ŷһͻȻüͷ֮еһֻײһ
ըһӰʧʼ档
ŷЦŶԷ뿪ķɱȻ
϶սҲ¶һ˿ŭɫսɳȥû֮УԶһ󲨶սתȴδܹ˵


2289 Գ
ŷҲ֣ҪסҲʧˡʼ漶ĴڣҪҪߣʵ̫ˡ
ҪɵϼһŷЦһ
ҵ뷨һսҲ˵
ŷ¶һĨЦݣǺãʱúõоһ£ôܹ׵ϼһҿһ㶼˳ۡ
޼ɵ̸ۣҪɵһʼ漶Ĵڡ
Ŀɿڴȴֲ֪˵ЩʲôʵֻҪƻ׵˺δûиɵĿܡ
ȫ֪˵Щʲôˡ
˺֮Ĳ࣬ȷʵ̫ˣŷ粻ֻһ޵Уȴı֣úܶ벽Ѷ̲סգɫͨ졣
ˣȲ˵ЩˣǸȥˡ˹ѹŷ硣
ŷʱŷӦսһۣЦ˵һߣټһ֣ɵǸһ
а취սо˸
Ȼڸɵһʼ漶ĴڣĺȤ
࣬ĻǸϼһˡŷЦ˵
ս˵ֱӸŹŷ硣
ȻĴɵԲѡ͹ŷһߣǱ̬ˡ
Щսʿ̲סԾ֪Ҫһ粨ķλ֮ڣ϶Ҫټķ粨
ʼΪһһɱ϶ҪԵУ֪Ҫķ粨
뿪һ
뿪֮һ˳֣ǷŹŷ뿪ķüͷɫ䲻ÿ
ҪɱûеôסЦ뵽Ȼʧ
һ粨˶֪ｫҪ顣
ŷһУһСɽ֮ǰûκ֮ǳͨƶ񤣬һ㶼ۡ
֮Ƕ¶ɫ
ɽ£Ȼһɽͬʥһ
ŷ𺳣ʼ漶ǿеĵλȷʵܸߣȻĻǲ̬ȣ̫ڹˡ
ǲУɽһ֮£һͷԳ۾ɿݣһϢûˣǲǻ΢΢£ŷ϶ΪһͷȥԳ
ԳëҰףһּϢϵ˼㣬֮𼴽Ϩ
ǵԳ֮ǵɫȴӹˡ
Գ档
Ҳһ̬
ȻսʱҲѱɫ΢΢ͷ̬֣أǺԳһк
ŮԸѱڼԳ֮ȫû֮ǰɫǳ̬
ŷҲǹ˹֣ԳҲǴǺ֮䣬ȴûʲô̫ĹϵǵǲôһСӡ
Գ۾һ΢΢ͷ˵ǲǴˣ
һȻɬĵ˵ͷ
ϧˣĻǿȥƴȴûˡԳЦ˵Щ˵ҪϢз£Ҫ֪һ޵еĴڣе֣˴˵֮еĳ֮⣬Ѱǧ磬Ҳһ԰ˡ
Ǵʱȴյ㣬֮𼴽Ϩ
ֱճӦ÷ϡ
һսһǧ磬Ǭţȴ֮⣬ѰҲһ֣ұΪһԻһΪ㣬˭뵽Ľ֣ӢһȻճвʡԳ˵ϵ𣬳˲Ͳġ
۾죬ĺģʼĺѣһ壬ǳչˣʵϺʼҲࡣǴʱȴ䵽һزսᡣ
һʼ氡Զսժ£һ磬֮䣬أǬܣϵ޵УҪˣʧ֮䣬Ϊ졣
ģʲô㣬ƭ˵ģһһΪش֮ڣ޷Գڣǵɫ֮дһĨȰ
Ҫվо˵սڸգҪѹ졣
ԳʵĺֲܿһգһضҪˣ䣬޷һ㡣
ŷ綯ݣͷԳʵĺֲܿһֳϢҪǸˡ
ΪƣҲ̤һΪϵĴڡ
֮еǿս۷սոһգſµĲľ
ҪǴ󺰡
Ľ޷ܣԸһֱȥҲԸԳȼڵһΪǶս


2290 ֻ
ŷ̾ʲô㣬ȫǼٵģսѶҪսһʼ潫ҪĻ˸о
ڴˣľҪһǿ䣬ʧʱĳ֮СԳ涷սһʱ򣬻ҪΪѵĺ˶սҪʼ޷
˱ʹ޷ֹһС
Գ岻ͣս죬ָȫʢʱڵơһͷսԳȣһǺӲķ˿䣬Ե쳣С
ˣһַֻ⣬Ȼ֮⣬һֻ˳ޣǿת˵˼㡣
һϢ䣬ѹһƬ£ɷһС
ʱȻ벽Ѷ޷Գ棬ܲסѹ
ŷ𶯣Գʵʼǿ˺ܶ࣬ļһΪѣϣʱһڳǿߵϢ
뵣ģȻɱ겻ܳǿģ֮ڣӦпԶԸİ취Գ浭˵ܳȻһֿ͸ƽ
ʱ޾֮ʼ棬ͻȻһ۾һ£һ̣۾¶Ȼɫ
ûκԥ⣬Լˣ˲˺ƴϣ뿪
ʼ漶ǿߣȴɵԳˣ֮ǰһǷǳµһ顣
ԣԼߣҲҪԼˣһȫĵط
Կ϶Գ״̬Ų˶ãֻҪܹҲһսܹ֡
ԳЦѾϤ˷Ĵ㣬ЦһҪȥ
ڴʱŷˣֻؾ춯أԳ¡
֣ʲôɫ
סֹ֣׼Գ񡣡Ҳڴ󺰣û뵽ŷԳ֡
ŷʵղѾʶˣǳ£Ȼʼ漶ǿߵĶ֣ǾԿһսಢ̫
ʱͻȻ֣ԳûзҪԴ
ԳǿԼѪҪͷһսǱŷˣ϶ܴﵽ֮ǰĿˡ
ŷȴǣֻؾֱ¡
ͬʱֻƬһԳ涨棬ǿԳ棬Ҳڶʱ֮ͻơ
⣬ҪͻƳãֻƬǿȻûҲĪܡ
ֻء
ŷȣѵĽԳֻ֮С
Գŭ𣬲һѳҲ֣Ҫֹŷ硣
սӾһȻ֣סǣͬʱҲһػŹŷ磬Ȼǽӽ
Ȼ֪ŷҪʲôȴ֪ŷΪˣԲԳ治ġ
һ̣Գ汻ֻ֮С
ȫɵˣվɫ֮г˻ںޡǺܺڣǲԼŷǴԲᷢ顣
ǣ⻹ᡣ
Գûֻ֮УһװֵС޵Ļܿ쳤ͣڶʮңڷ磬磬һֻ𶯣һɫϼתһС
һĻǷЩԡ
ʱŷջֻƬǺЦ֮͸һ˿һЩʲôһ
ֻأȻͬĲ²һһ˻صԭ㣬ԹŷڵʵȻԱǸϵһЩ
ֻؿԿƣŷԳԪֻأȴһΪʱȫָﵽߵ״̬
ǣ˶¶ɻɫ
оǰ˾Գ棬ϢһģһģֻģһԳһͷԳǹŷȴһ࣬Ϊһꡣ
һֱԴϵĸı䣬ȻԳ棬޷ת
Ǯŷ綢ĳСֹ
ʱµԳ棬ͻȻʶһ㲻ԣ°쬵ģϽһһɫսס
սЩƣȫǵ˽ۣÿһ綼תߴϢϼ쳣ˡ
ʱҲûһ㻳ɣԳ棬ƵսףȴԻսı־һ·˾ߣսϵÿһ˺ۣĪȫ춯صĴµġ
նԳܣΪĵʯ
Գ棬ˣЩ㶵ʵ
ˣҪлλˡԳ濪ڣŷ磬Ÿм
ܹ䣬飬ҲûЩǿߵļӣȻǿȴƽ׽ˣֿ
ŷ֣Ц˵Գ治ҵѣҪԳæɱҳ־Գ棬Ȼġ
ŷҪɱԳһ⣬ͷǿ϶ҪģȴڣҪһЩţһγɱ
о˸Ȼ⡣


2291 
Գʲô취۾һ
Գҡͷδ˵ͷųԼϢȻ˳ȥߴķྪ춯أѰҷ
ʱǷһѰǧ磬޾֮䣬Ҫҳ
ܵһ㣬Ϣصĸˣһ㶼û¶
Сģһ֮У뱻
ԳһǱѰ϶ҪۣҲǾԻᱻش
ʱ֮еǿ߶֪ԳˣڱʱѰҷįʱ򣬼ʹǿʼǣҲðͷ±ϡ
ҲһЩʼ漶ǿȻԳıӰɫЩ룬ڿնϷ޾ĺ⣬ڸԳС
ԳеˣҲкܶѣһսʥߣ޵ϵ£˴˵֮еĳѣѰ԰ˡֻļˣ֮Ტۡ
ߺá˴󺰣죬ȴˮ
һǿҪĻͬܵһȻС
ԳûǣΪϢɢҪһ
صɽ룬ɫȻ͡
ŷĿɿڴԳװҲ̫˰ɣѾ֪ԳϵˣѾȫƺˣҲҪˡ
ʼ漶Ȼ˾ЩרҵԱҪĶࡣ
䡣
ڴʱһֺֻ޾ռ䣬ɱԳ档
֮ɫƬÿһƬڷ⣬ǵһգ޾תҪɱԳ档
һʼ漶Գ漴ĻʱҪֻɱ
ԳɫҰףָ˺͹ŷռʱӡʱ¶һУǳܲסϢ

ڴʱһ˳֣ɫۣͷɫʹڣ֮е̫һѹ񷣬Գǰ
ſ³һһѽɫĻ֮ɫĴն˹ȥ
ֻӲ֮䣬Ȼ󻺻ʧ
ҺѼ䣬δǳ֣˭Ǹҳ֣ҽƵ֮һͷµĽߣΪʼ澳磬쳣ǿɢ㲻Ϣһ˵ǰ棬һԽ̫ħɽһ
㲻Ҫһһͭ£ѹ
ХͷɳһڴӣӲӣǿϢתռ䣬ӺһƬ񷣬סǸͭ
ɣٳ֣ұɱ㡣ǿƣɫ𶯣ͭײɳȥлⱬա
һͭع飬֮һߣȻʧ
֣һ˵ԳǰϢ죬Ѿ۾Ѽ𣬶˵һܱ˵飬ʱ˭Ǹҳ֣ϧһսȻʼ漶սҲ޷
Ⱥ߰˳֣סˣ׷˳ҵ˶ԷλãͶԷѪսɱĻѪŻص
Էˣ֮ϣ˷
һǿߣʼ֮Ҳ˵ǿơ
գûٳ֡
ʱԳϢԽԽ΢˽һۣ΢΢ͷ廯Ĺɢ
ԳˣУһƵУѪ£ú̲ܶסľ
ء
˴ޣĵ˼㡣
ŷǶȻɫ֮ûһ˿ȴףԳδȥֻͨסˡ
ɫŹ֣ӦһЩΪ̫ˣΪ㹻ǿ󣬲׽һ㲻ͬѰ
Ҳӣ˼񷡣
ˣˡһϲĴЦˡ
ŷҲ˳Ƿϲ˼㣬ǽһ
ʵϣԳҲѹڷеһɽȻˣҲ÷ɵȻĻҲô׼
Ҫ⣬Գ˻ңɸҺһսգŭڣԶɱ졣
һսΪʵķǳǿٲȷһ֡
ǺǣҪһսҷȻ㣬ʮ֮ʼսǽһսҰ֣ʱһ֪ʲôǿ󡣡Ц֮г˵⡣
á
Цԥͬ⡣
ʮ֮ұն㡣ŷ翪ڣ˵Ļ
Ȼֻи޵еľ磬˵Ļȴû˸ӣһԺʼһս쵽˼㣬Ҳ޷սʼ棬ȴԿʼѪǸˡ
ҹŷһս֣Ǻͷһսʤ޷Ԥϡ
Сһᣬȵʮ֮ǣȥһ磬ɱЦޱȡ
ŷɫֱӳкɷŷڵķһֱӳ˹ȥ
һո£ŷ˵ֱʩչᴩŽһֱӷһֵ


2292 
ŭһɱˣǰŭڣɱ졣
û뵽ŷ˹Ϊ۵ͷ˵־ͳ֣һԥûС
һУŷһ

Щ˴𣬳˿ֲ
Ǹܵŷƣ֪ԵֿȫӴܡ
罣գ޾£ûһʧһ̣ŷ֣һ˫ʥȭȥͷײһըݣŷ˳ȥ֮У罣ƿУʱ֡
Ҫ׷ǿһĻȴֱסˡ
ݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ŀѣͷɫͷ裬Ҫŷ˺һ
סҲͨʿΪۣû˭вҡŷ統ն罣⣬һƬûͬʵһ
ݻһ罣µ˼㣬һ֮䣬һʵĴӵпµܡ
ŷ磬ұɱ㡣ŭʮء
쳤Хձ飬ǺӸǬɱΣͬһϯء
û𣿡ŷЦٴҪ֡
ʣȴסˣ޷ڶʱ֮ɱ˹ŷ磬ߣûа취֣ٷͻĻ
Ŀɿڴһɫ𺳡
ʵ̫ǿˣʼ涼Ҫͷ
ֲþܹǧĶ˸˫İ˵˼㡣
޵Уҽаʼ棬Ǻε׳٣δС
ŷЦ쵽˼㡣
ʼȴһŭŹŷ磬ȴûһ취
ں͹ŷһսԲʱҪľǺúüƻʮ֮󣬽һȺ˸Ͼɱ
뵽һԼˣعһĳѨ
ŷعһСɽ֮г˾̾ԵǿƣҲֻΪ۵Ĺŷܹɡ
ˣսʼ棬ҲҪܵ޴ѹ
ۣȻûû֣ǶΪֻһ磬ȴ֪ΪǿˣܹۺʣͲ˼һۣһס̾˵һ
ԶŵʱۺʣЩһףһ磬ƹܵ˵Ĥݡ
Щǿܵĵزأƴ޵֡ȻÿһִڣҲֻмĴŴָ֣ƿزˣԽڴ֮ϣһСѡ
ʮ֮һսҺڴо˸
ŷǶһۣԷеڴ
ٴ¶벻ŷܹԳظ۷״̬ȬҲ֪Գ沼һ֣Ϊɱ
ҲڴѾȲҪһնɱʼĸоˡսо˸Ұʮ㡣
ڳ֮Уӵвսʸ˲࣬ս֮һ
ŮЩĵսһ£ɲͬڵնɱҲһȺʼ漶ǿսȻǸĴڣδܹ֤ԼһܹȥοսûȫǸ硣
Ҳͬ뷨ʼΪ̤ʯĥҪնɱһʼ档ŷ絭˵
¶ǵɫ˵սʼս֮Σգŷ͸ˣкܴĿҪ䡣
ŮҲҪȥŷ翴˻Ůһۡ
Ůһ£üͷ΢΢һ壬׹ŷʲô˼
ǵ˵𣿿Խ֮е⣬ǸһҿܲˬҪһȫ㣬ΪΪŷо˸
ʲô˳ԾȻ֪Ů⡣
ʵϻŮ˵ڵǸ͵ģǸˣȻҲҪɢŷ˼ȻǸڣŮĵЩ˼顣
Ŀս̲סʵо˸¶ϲɫ
ŷָָԼսʵ֪˭𣿡
ۡսЩ㶵˵
ŷͷ˵ۻһݣǱҽɣҽߣܡ
Ŀɿڴ˵Ȼ˵ҽɵֻҪΪﵽûʲôܹΪǵģŷ˵ǻ̲ס̾
ˣߣ֮ټŷָŻŮ
ҪšսڣȻе㲻ġ
Ҳվ˳ŷӣֻҪͬ⣬Ǹ档
ŷδƴϣ뿪
Ǹңڷǳ֡һۡ
Ȼᷴԣһʼ漶ǿߣȫˡ


2293 ׼
˷ֳʧ
뿪֮󣬼Ӱ֣һĿ棬·Сɽ֪һЩʲô
̲סһֻɫֱ۰Ƭ鲼Ե쳣
һСɽֱʧΪ
ˣһۣԷеĲš
̧ͷһ´ڣʧˣûʱĳ֮Уǲ֪ʲô顣УǾԲֻǸˣһʧС
ǺųƲ࣬Ϊʼ漶ĴڣʵҲ˵˵ѣ˭ܹ࣬ѺųϣȻ֮⣬ǹʱ֮УѳΪ졣
Ϊ벽۷壬ֻһ˿ܹǸ磬Ǻĳȣȴһ㡣ѶܹοǣҪ࣬Ͳܡ
һˣһֱһĸо֪һ죬Ҳ·ʧʱĳ֮С
λѣʮ֮һսսԳһǿߡ֣Ŀȣɱ졣
û˭ڸӸˣҪսԳһйϵǿߣʱһƬ
ȻǰЩˣЩˣŸԵĵ򣬺֮䣬û̫ĳͻԹŵλãѡ
ԡЦͭ𶯣ɱ
ҪкͶսԳйϵ˶Ҫһսǿߣղűϣ˽һʱɱȴ˲СĿ
һۣΧ˶ܹ飬ȫ̲ס˵ͷ
Ǵ˹ʶһоˣȫҪ֣ĨɱսԳһѡ
ʮֻ֮Ҫϵ˹ǲ֣ɱˡ
ʵϣԳЩˣͷжԣһֱսһԳռƣԳǿȴŤתƣŤת˾档
ֻ޾֮ǰԳʹʼ汻ƣһһˣǳ·硣
ȻˣˣҲû˸Ҵ⣬ܵҵԼܹҵǿ
ͬʱҲѰԼˣԳһЩˡ
ȴýЩм˲ڶԷڸˣԼ˶ѡ
һ֣Ȼƣǲٶ٣һȻԳǼĻҲʼ漶ʿ˶һ
ŷսʵȷʵǿվĴڣֻܹһˡ
ңҲΪԳԭһЩûļһûǳ֡
ֿԼһԱȵĻд鷳
ʮ֮󣬺ܿЩҪȫ𣬱ǻɱ
Щ쵰һͷ̫룬ûлΣǱԭ״ȴǳ£޴ǰȣѷ쵶һӶһС
վҪһ˽ģǲսΪЩһŹǣֱǳ룬뿪򡣡һͷ󣬲Զȹŷʶİǿʼ棬벽۷Ĵڣһʼ漶ǿߡ
һǿߣһ࣬δԣһѳճգ֪һЩʲô
ʶڴˣ϶̲ס齣һĽ۷ǿߣսԳ棬Ȼʧˣǲȴ
ԳǺΪѡ
֮еǿߣʼᲢۡ
ңһ˵ʲôо֣Ҳȴû˸֡
ͷһսˣһһѹƵķ̧ͷ
Ĵǿߣڣһķѹʮء
ϧԳֲˣȻĻԳֵʵȻֻˣֺξǣ̾Ϣɫ֮Щꡣ
һ۸ʲôۣǸǱҪģΪԭԳҲ䵽˵ĵز̫뿪ڣǰȻӶɱ١
ǱҪġҵ˵
Ȼֻˣȴ쳣ǿƣɱ졣գǳĿ£Ƭ򣬶ɢһɷϢ
˶ڴҲӴܣ뿪´ս֮ﱻ꼰֮ܵ֡
ڹŷǣ޾Ļ֮УʱŮڷҵı仯
ۺսʧȥ׼ʲôȥˡõϢ̲סЦ˳
׼Բܣ֪ǵĶ֣ˡжϣͲ⣬ʼ漶浱УŷǲᱻС
ʼ漶ǿ߶п䣬οˡ
ԣˣǷǳжϡ


2294 ɽ
˵ĸоľоһսҪˡ
ʼ߸ϣǿ˵ǽȻǸԶʱйٵʱҲ˵ǿˣݺһޱߡ
ʱҪʮʼ漶ǿս⾪סˣ˶
սҲ䣿˲мЦһƬ򣬲е˶ӪģҲԹۣΪ˫гͻ
պ󣬹ŷǻع飬ҵ˽ڵĵط
Ů֮󣬽ԾӶɳˡͷɫͷ趯ʧȥ˳̬
ôܣʼ漶ķȻЩԲǷǿᣬҪǿһʼ棬ѵǸıˣԾ˵ȻĿŷ硣
ŷͷ˵ҿǼһﲻ˳ۣˡ
ɫ̲࣬סһ¡
ֻЩʼ漶Ĵڣ֪ŮǸڣǺεȵǿ춦¯УҪͳϵԽۣ֮Ϊ
ڻŮ֮ǰǸѾǧÿһȥǿһ㣬ȻԳ۷ʱսҲѻĿԳΪ
ǹŷ羹ȻĶɱ𣬳ϣ̫ˣ𺳡
Ҳ̫ˡ̲ס̾
һͷԲܺ͹ŷΪУ˵ֶΣ̫ڲͬѰܣһΪУʼ漶ڶҪС
ҹŷ뿪磬츳˭ɱȻһߵԺ޼ɡ
ȥ߸磬Ǹ˿ǰһ㶼Ĺŷı
ֻҪ͹ŷӴ˭ûֵģûɱŷ֮ǰ˭ҲҶһ¡
һɣֻҽҵһֶζѣҽǸһֽˣеķ򣬶˻ŮڣȻûǸһǿҲһʼ漶ĸ֡ŷ絭һЦ
սվһߣʲôû˵ֻŹŷ񣬳ʡ
һӣȻս۸ڶڹŷǰȴò˵ԼӣȻʵʱʤŷһ˿ԺĳɾͣԲŷ硣
һñ˶ʧȥʤ֮ĵˣŷ˼ֶΣ𺳡
޻˵ߵˣŷЩǴʱȴȫ֣
Ǻ͹ŷòĳƺΪۣȻͬһˡǾ޽еģһ޵еľˣ͸ʼƽƽֱ̫˼ˡ
ʱ䣬һһЩ׼ŷо˸
ڶԹŷ粻һӣĻȫ¶Ȥɫ
ҽּңҪһЩ˵ʼĶҩŷٺһЦ
ʲôǳԾ˵ʼĶҩôܣǺųƲ಻ʲôܹ˵ǡ
ټͷȻֻһ޵УǶһʩչһİ벽ѶҪɫʼ漶ĴڣȴУ˲ǣͲܺǡ
ĴڣȻͬʵˣЩǿƵʼ漶ڣȻǣǶ֣Ǽ˶Էпܱٵ
ʲôܹ˵ʼ漶Ĵڣ̫Щš
ŷû˵ֻǵһ̹⡣
һ̣̫ɫΪһ̹ϣȻʴļ壬ȻֻǸʴһС˿ڣҲǼΪ˵ġ
ңһɿµʮɾ
ȻһƶأȡõЧôȴѾ㹻ˣ֤˹ŷĻԲǺ˵
̫ˡ
̫ûЦ˷ܡ
֪һط˸ֶȻһʼ漶ڣ涼ΣգҾҪܹȡһЩһ𡣶شʼ漶ǿߡо˸
˵ɽüͷҿڣЩ޳ɡ
ȴûı飬˵ͷ˵ɽ˵һɽʬɵĸֶ棬Щ˵Ǹʬϡܹ˵ҵȣᴿ˵кεܣ
Ҳͬ⡣ҡͷֱӷ񶨡
ŷǿߣ֪ԷڵԼʼ漶Ĵڽ룬ᷢ⣬ʵȻǿ󣬵վʼ棬˲٣Ҳᷢ⡣
ģҲõȥðյģϾҲߵһսԺʼһսʱԲܹ⡣Ц˵
ŷ۾һ֮߳һˣһģһͬӵǿơ


2295 һѪ
һ壬ǵľȴŷ͸ݻһ
һǰɽ
á齣񿪿ڣһǹŷɽˣ˵һ޴ʧ
ʱ˿̣û˸Сƹŷۣһ򣬲ûԭģʵǿᣬӵпµֶΣܹߵһ
ۣҪһսȻĻôٵˣռˡ
ǻһ֣ǲõġŷ翪ڣ˵仰
ʲôǾȣЩɻ󣬻һ֣ô֪
Ŀڼ˵ϴһ£㻹ܹսʵﵽΡ
һǿԮ֣ʵҵ֮¡Ҳ˵ҲûǸ˵֡
ڴʱŷĻһ
ôˣ˶оŷϽʵ
Ҫȥɽһˡŷ֮о˸
˶һۣ׹ŷΪͻȻһ
ɽѾȥһѵԱҪԹȥ
еֻзһЩȤ顣ŷ翪ڣо˸
֪϶ʲô˵ĶȻδΪѹŷ磬ȫ˵ͷ뿪
ŷ뿪ʧ
ɽ걻ƣȻ벽ѶҪֹʼ漶ǿߣһ㲻ǲѵ£ڣΪдΣգҲС
һ䣬ʬ廯һƬأ̺žɱ
ʱŷֱûС
ʬ棬δ˺ŷ磬һֻ˲Ĺ⾰㲻֪ôط
֮е˼϶̲סԾɽ֮УȻʼ漶ǿߣÿһҪսľʲôĴڣǹŷ̫ˣ˲ϢǸͲΣշС
ʵϣΣҲûȥŷ硣
ŷ羶ֱһѪǰ棬վٵʱֱûС
һѪأ󣬵ȴһԺɵĸоԲ׳ȴǹᴩ죬򣬴Զʶᴩصʷ
ùŷ֮䣬һ޵еľǰ棬ָ飬һת׺ɣʱꡣ
شֻĽ£ŽδǰӹŽδҲһ֡
Ǽµһǿߣһ򣬶ݲһָͷǺӹķ˿䣬ԵüСߣʱƬ裬ȴ޷ٽڳڰӳֻһģӰӣϵΨҶ𣬹ǿߣӲãء
ŷ絹һ⾳֮߳ȻѪء
һӰͣȻãݣȴһָоֻҪ֮䣬Ҫ㸲
ˣҵǵӰڣŹŷ硣
ŷüѪظһּеĸоԶŵȱǰһ
˭ŷʵ
Ҫ֪Է֣ŷһָо֪˶Է֣Ҫ
Բһĳʵ̫ǿˣǰͬСһĿЦ
ǻʡ
ǵӰ˵Լ֡
ʡ
ŷһֻش֮УһԳǿߣ˵ǻʽӡģһȡ
ѵɽǿߣȻǻʲɣôܣ˼޵ţҲһ֣֮е𣬸λ棬û˭Ķ֡
һڣ˭ܹɱͲܡ
Ҳǻʡ
ڹŷ𾪵ʱǸӰ˵
ŷüͷһûŪ˼
ֻǻʵһѪڴ˴ûбջأһѪأطǵӰ˵
ŷ𺳣һѪγһأʼ漶ǿ߶üͷҽ룬γһأжǿŷ
ȴһָоһѪǿˡ
뷨ùŷһѵǿһѪԱɱһǿߣֻǣôܣ
ȻٳɫҲְֱɣ̫ˡ
ٻʲôŷʵһѪٻŷ缸ûзɵ
֪϶𾪣ΪŷʵҪʼ漶ǿˣȻס˵ٻһֿûУ̫λˡ
ҿҪʧˣһѪʱδص壬𽥵ĸʴˣһ񣬱ѹѪ棬Ҫľȫ͸㣬Щɱ񡣡ǵѪڣ˵Ļ


2296 
񣬹ŷȻʲôӵһѪˡˣȴԪŷãԼҲδܹ
һɣҲԼõľԪͻ㻹ǿˡŷ
ģͬԴΪҵòֻܹѹӵҵľԪ֧֣ڶʱ֮ڣܹһսɱǵѪڣ˹ŷԭ
Ȼŷͷ˵ҴӦˡ
ףԼӦѪеľԪǸ»ɼµĽ
֪Ŀģ͸㣬̺ʬɷشһʼǿߡǵѪ֮Уɳһӣûŷڡ
ͬʱһӦõķ˹ŷʶ֮С
ŷ¶һ˿ϲ⣬ӵӣѾﵽĿģشһʼ漶ǿߣֶΣпɱԷ˵Ǽһ顣
лŷ
վȵԷľԪ
ǵѪתʧûѪҺ֮Уޱȣ졣
һϴڵϢȥȫһЩ̲סĤݣһ˲䣬оָԶŵơ
ֻһѪѹŽδµĲ
ǵѪûŷüģͣһǿŷϵϢڷЩʹҪһ
𼶵Խ˹ŷܹܵļޡ
ŷȻǿǻʵĺˣܹı֣ѰˣȻǰ벽ѣѾűˣ޷һ
ŷתǿԼ
ֻ֪ͣ־Ļտ϶Ҫ飬ɲǿڷѣ˲飬ǿᡣ
һЩɫĹͷӣ֮ųմȾѪԵüΪ¡
Ҫ֪Ϊﵽŷ磬Ѿ޹ɼǣûһʣǴʱȻٴųЩϹǣʵ̫ˡ
ŷһХûгɳȴһƿصĸоֿ̧컯һ򣬶֮䣬ѹ
ǳ̫ǿˣܣϵ޵УһŽδûʲôԵסġ
ʱ򶼾Ϣˡ
ǳϢ̫ڿ£ʼ漶ǿ߶ڲһĤݵĳ嶯
𣬺ǿһϢɱǣһξѪѹһִ񻰼ģʼ涼Ҫ
ҳ
ŷͻȻסһֱӳ֣նգһӰ˳
һ飬Ӣΰʥȣޱȣ̤֮ϣ֮⣬ΨҶ
񣿡ŷʵȻʾ䣬Ѿ϶ˡ
ŷٴθ̾ʵǿһѪһʱĳ𣬸ͳͬһ׺εǿ󣿹ֲǸԳˣҲҪѹ޷ʵϡ
ӦúһʡվǧǧֹâһһĤݵĳ嶯ʥҪʥûһվۣ֮Ӳã档
Ǻǡ
ŷ粻мһЦһѣֻǻһѪĲ־ԪɣȻҲԳΪʣڹŷ翴Է̫ˡ
ӻʣҴܵŷӣĿڣأļ޾գȫĽ£ϣĵ棬Źŷ磬ڿһϡ
ŷû˵ֱӶ֡
ȻҲ𼶵ķվǸĴڣܹ𾳽磬֣Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڣɱ
䡣
ĳһƣ죬δһ⣬͹ŷĹײ
ըɽڲ˹ѡﱻǵѪԪȾüޱȣĻ϶Ҫãʧ֮䡣
ŷ˵ˣ໥ӣԷеս⡣
ɱ
ŷֻ֣£ޱȣڵķ߶ֻ
ǿһ˲ʧ̫һֱֻ֮С¶ȻɫֱһȭֻأѪɱ˳Ȼŷɱȥ
ϼţͷųһɹ⣬ڹŷǰֱӽɨɳȥؿϳһ˿ڣпµڸʴŹŷ塣
ǲŸһս㼤ޱȣ˶ˡ
ԶԣȽϳԿΪʧ̫Ԫսۿۡ
㣬ҾͿԻָ۷״̬һĳѡ˵Źŷ磬㽫ɡ


2297 ս
ӦһǺӣӹ·
Х⣬һֻӷ˳Ѫɫƣ죬ǺײǺӡ
˼սȫ𼶷ǿľˡ
죬ս仹гڣȻս˾ɫ֮г𺳡
ǳ̫ˣսȥٵġ
ʼ漶ǿߣܹվ˵ǿѹɫ
;йأô£ɫ
һս֮У𺳡
ײҲɱֲȻ޾룬ܹо̫ڷǷˡ
ŷƿ罣һ£նһƬǺӣսӲѪɫӣǿķս񱩵ĵز
һѪüתͷųԴԴ֧ŹŷսǿµģһβѪɱ
ХſһǺӣȻ³޾ǳɴ󣬽ŷΧУǳ⣬ķҪŷ

ŷ糤Х罣ͣնǳ飬˳
һѪɫĴ£У޾֮ǸѪɫĳӣҪɱŷ硣
ŷͷų⣬ûѡأǻȻֱӴʥӡᴩһͨ˳ȥ
罣£ɳȥ
ޱѪ硣ʩչ˻һѪγһѪ磬
Ѫ⣬һɫǳͬһǿķţʱȫڷ⣬˹
ۡ
ŷܵ˿µشѪʩչۼ϶Ҫ顣
쳤Хü֮зɳһСˣ˫ƿ罣˳ȥûһƬѪ֮С
һҽдԪ롣ۣڲԶͣϢȴ½˺ܶࡣ
˸ʩչֶΣвɱпᵽ˼㡣
ս
ǿ󣬵ǾԲҵĶ֣ǵѪ֧һֱսȥЦ֮¶һ˿ײС
ŷҲоˣһѪڼѾû֮ǰʢ
ȷʵ޷֧սܳʱ䣬ȴ㹻ˣΪԼǸղǿ𣿡ŷЦ˼սʱ䲻ʩչֶȴǳˣȫܵ˿µĴˣӰ쵽ǵս
ЦĿɭȻڹŷϣٴɱȥ
ѪɫĳӺ罣ײ֮ǵʵΪܵشǴʱҲһʼܹӽġ
̶ֳȵ޽⣬Խʼ֮ϣһƣնɱһ벽ѣʼ漶ǿ߶סᱻش
ǵڼսҪˡɫ𺳡
һսʼûκףҲǷǳ졣ɴҲԿսļңˣ˿Ļ
üͷɫǣΪӦ˹ŷϢȻսһľĹŷΣա
սǲǿԴ򣬹ŷȻ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬾ȻﵽǸ磬ȴԲʲôƣ϶Σա
֪˭ʤ˭ѪսУȻһ죬̫ˣ仹ʼ漶Ĵڵġ̾
һˣǾۡͻȻݣ¶𾪵ɫ
ʲô
ȫסˣôܡ
ǸɽǸϢ;ķǳ죬ôܡʼҲڣɫ
⼸ǲܵ飬һ޵УȻںͳսֱһεĸо
ǹŷ磬֪ʲô취Լʵ˳ľ磬ںǸսսĸӦһ˵
ͬʱľ͹ŷ罻սȻо˹ŷϢҪߵĳ嶯һԺսĵ֣ܹס
Ǹ״̬벻ܳãʤδ֣ʤδǹŷ磬Ѿ뿪ˡ
սȻڼѪɳȥһƬ棬һƬ򶼻
ŷüĵһѪʧ
ɳȥ˾Ե·硣Ҳһɫ԰ףʱȴڴЦʱռ˾ԵϷ磬㹻İտԻɱŷ硣
ˡЦ
ŷ粻壬ȻҪս
䡣
һѹ䣬Ǭڱ
һ̣񷢳һȻʼ漶ǿ߽֡
һ϶ѣҲҵצӣɱ졣
𣬸ǧ磬ɨʼ漶ĴڣǵУҲֻϣͲС
ʱȴһʼ棬е֣ŭɶ


2298 ׼
һΰӰ֣ЦһɨͲ¶Է
𼶵ΣʱԼսﵽ˼ޣҪɱ𼶵ǿߡ
Գ棬ڹؼʱ̳֣ŷս
ŷ綼û뵽ٿһʱ䣬ȻӴܵġȴû뵽Գ֣ǿƳ
ʵϹŷʵ䵽͵㣬ȻڱϱԳǿԳվǼ̤ǸˣԺʵһս
䡣
һ̣ŷ糤ХͨŽ߳ȫ֣վڹȥδ֣춯ص
һǬ̧ͷ
ŷҲ֣֮񷣬޾תԷ塣
һ̣µĹ
͹ŷһսʵ䵽͵㣬Ȼס˵Ĺ
ۡ
һѪסȴŷУú˳ȥ
Ѫ
ѡ
ŷ糤Хʩչһֶϻֱ꣬ӹԪ
ꡣ
Ԫ֮ϣһƣŲԣһˤ
Գ泤Х취֮࣬ݻսʥ޾£һƬޡ
ʱƬ޷ӽֱӱ档
ʱԳս۷壬Ҫɱһͷ
ǻʣ޵УݺţǲܻҵġХĻ
һ̣ƴˣʩչǿĹƣһƹ⻪󻯳һѪأȻֻм׷Բȴ·ؾͷһᴩһС
ˣȫɨɳȥ
Ȼڵʵľ磬ȻɵУּǿߣʼ漶ǿűʵ
ϾȻҲɱңôܡЦȻشѪȴǳǿƣԹŷˣ
ԳݺأӶһδγȴ˻
̤ǸˣȻϣ޷սʤһʵǿߡ
ǹŷ֮ǰΪѪԭ򣬽ʵ𾳽磬һս̫ʵԳʵһжס
֮µĲ࣬ͬ͵ء
Уսǿ϶Գ洫ŷ磬ɫء
оӰɣܲŷ˵ûһԥ򲻹ӣ
ϾڵкܶҪȥˣ϶Ҫѡ
ҹŷ֪ϻĳģûбҪƴ
ԳҲͬ⣬Ͳ˵ˣ顣Ⲣһ𣬶һħԵ񣬻ʲôӵ𺦣˭Ҳ޷
ǿԿ϶϶ʵҪһꡣ
˶ʱһֻ£ӨӨֱӵǸϡ
ֱӱ飬ʧ֮С
һĻùŷĿɿڴֻ֡
һֻ棬̺ſµǳ
ŷ³һ֡
ɱȴû
ŷ繰֣л
лңһͷ񣬲ܹţ˭Ҳ֪ʲôӵ飬һˣǳ˱ȽϺãҰҲĿĵģҪԺһæ
һߵԳ棬Ѿסˡ
г𣬶һ͹ŷʶǰһһǴˣϣ
һµϢԳɢùŷһ
Ҫͻ𣿽𾳽磿ŷľҪ֤һĵ
һսԳû뵽Ȼߵһֻ֮֮һǿߡ
ڴʱԳһһѣ˿˿Ѫ֮ľ
Գһģһˤɫ԰ףǾȴʮ㡣
ðҵͻƷʽǳΪ̱Ժ㳹ʧˡ
㣿ŷʵ
ĳԳ״̬ǺܺãǱԴܵ˴ˡ
û£ںܺãҵĵߵһҪյĴսҸˡԳЦĳ֣⿪һĽᡣ
ŷһ˵ͷǷˡ
ʱԳ崹һʥޱȣ˲޸
ŷһָоʱԳǿˣ˲֪٣һָĪĸо
Ҫָоһ壬Ǿ׼̤˳Ѿ磬ֻҪһЩʱ䣬Գɱ䣬ΪϵĴڡ
ʱ䣬Ǻܳ
ԳΪϲɺءŷЦ˵
Գ濴˹ŷһۣ̲ס˵Ҫл㡣ԭҲܼѣҲᶨ⿪һĽᡣ
ܸмŷл


2299 սⰺ
ŷû˵磬ԳȷʵҪлǾûԳ˵ôףϾԼΪѾߵһҲܹͻƵġ
뿪ԳһŹŷ磬ʧ
ãһϢأǿ߸ֱӽɽ
ԣϢڼʧˡʼ漶ǿ߾¶ݡ
׷ʲô飿ôоʧȥ֮ǰա
ѵսݻ
Щʼ漶ǿ𾪣ɲǸ㷢ֲԣǽǳļ¡ڣȴûָо
ȻȻǰһֻдսĺۼǣȴһָоĻʧˣΣա
ܶʼ֣һЩ
Ҳа벽ѳҲӦ˲ͬϴĶ
ŷھ֮ϣǰһĻԷеҡ
ղһ뿪ǿ϶ͻᱻ֡
ʲôＤսʼҪ̽Ѱһ㣬ʩչͨͨŽδҪԭȥ
ǣһƿµ־£ֱӽĺɳȥֻģӰӸ֣ըͿʲôˡ
ǸʼըԪ񶼹ˣôʩչһΣǰֶѡ
˵һܶ˱Ҫжʱֱס֣һ뷨ûˣɫңһۣȫף鲻ԿӣǵʵԿ֮̽顣
һҪΥɣ϶ҪܵµشҲ䡣
ղǸʼ漶ĴڣٵһΪǼһ΢һ㲻ϣʱѾˡ
ŷ綼̲סһǹȥսǣԶһԣȻһֱɱһʼ档
ɲ⡣̲סܹ̾ܵ˫֮£޷ᵽооġ
ŷڵʵӽһЩʼ棬֮һսȴ־磬ЩηΪ޷ȡ
ʹӵ̶ֳȵķҲһΪʵ̫ǿˡ
ף̶ֳȵʵҲִֻڣʵ֮󣬾Ȼסһ۷𣬵Ǻεǿ󣬿֪
Ҳ֮䣬ܹɱ
ѣʿ׷󣬸ǿ׷Ŀ꣬Ȼǿ㲻ø̾ߵһģǸʱ㣬ǿĲԳ涢Źŷ磬Ŀ֮д͡
ŷͷûǫ飬һš
ǷֿŷصפءδΪǶˣǰ֮أ£ǳֵĻҪһս
ڽǵʵǷǵĶ֡
ˡһ˹ȥ
ŷ£ǵǰĿȣԼԼЩȵ˵ôˣл𣿡
ûĸЦĿ⾼񣬶ϣҪ͸һ
ˣһȺľͷŷһ֪ЩҪ֪ʲô飬㽫ղŵ˵һߣȻԳȻû˵
ŷǶ̲סɴ۾ԼǲˡһѪɽеĲһǾǳǿҲ̫˰ɡ
ֱܹ־磬ƿֲˡ
ʣ
֣Ǽסˣҿ档
ŷ翴ǵɫ֪ˣǿЩᣬʵʵһһ𣬱ѹ޾֮޷˵ʴ£Ž޵У꣬Ҳһ֡
˵һˣ޷ˣѹһѣʲô飿ѹ˵Ҳһ֣޵С
ǵȴڣ˾η̾ȴųս⡣
ߵʼ漶ǿߣһ֮ţĸȻ֪ľ磬ǾͿ϶ҪʵǣҲΪˡ
ֵǸҲǿ£Ȼһֱû˵еҪصĶ࣬ǱΪʼ漶ǿߣܹϤһˣڿˡЦɫ̾
λҪԷƱǶţȻԵǸ硣ŷЦ˵һԿӡ
ս̲סһۣȫ£ҲֻйŷһǿģԽǸɡ
ҲĶɫǰδеļᶨ
Ϊʼ漶Ҳ뵽ˣȻ𣬵Ҳףִ˵еĴڣЩʵڣȴãԼĿ꣬ӦöǸ硣
һȺսⰺȫܼᶨ


2300 Գ
õЩϢ֮˵ǸӼᶨˡ
һƬءŷǳˣнˣйŷ硢սͻŮĴڣֱӽʼս
ʼ漶ǿֿٵսޱߣһ涼Ҫ̣ӵһֲԣǿߵľѪմȾǿߵӹ̣Ȼʼ漶ǿ߶ܴ
߸ǿߣǶȻֹЩ
һȺ˳֣ʮһˣȫǳǿ󣬶ʼ漶Ĵڡ
һ֮󣬰ʱŭˣɱ죬˵ƽʨӣ㾹ȻҲ
ʨǺѣԳ涼һλƽʨδ֣Ѿðˣȴô뵽ʨȻ׼վһߡ
ʨΣһӵлƽͷӢΰӣ磬Ű󣬵˵һһԳѾȥˣҷһӶ࣬ҪһսĻǽҪȫ𣬿ѵķϣͶǻɱǣĻ㻹ܹ
ʨᣬȻûһ飬ð䡣ͬһΣһ󺺣Ӻˣ̬׳׶ߣŽʨŭʨӽ쿪ʼҰûѣ
ܹϣͽʨֱӶ塣
̾Ϣ֪ʱӦǺܷŭͽʨãѾ޾ˣȻͬ࣬ȴֵܣҪ׵Ķࡣ
´û뵽Ȼһ죬ǵĳΪ˵жԣʨѱ䣬ŭ˼㡣
Ҫɱ㡣ŭ
ʨ¶һĨЦֵô꣬ѵҵĶ֣ÿʧܣھȻ˵ɱң㲻̫Ц𣿡
Ц㡣Ŀˣ˵
ʨȻ֪ʲô˼
ʴȣÿս֣ʤĲ㣬ȻĻΪǰĶ֣Ҫ㣬׾١Ц˵ʨ֮г˲мͱġ
ʲôʨסˣͲš
޾ʤߣûġ
Ҫǣÿһΰ󶼱ˣβһ䣬Ϊһֵ壬ҪܵĿѣԼ
ԼˣԽʨðҲ
Сˡŷҡͷ˸ͲֵС֮ģ
ŷĻʨĿɭȻ˵һҵһ㡣ʱһҪйĳ嶯Ȼ治ŽĻǽʨȴǷǳ
ݲӲŷЦ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣЦҲ𣿾Ȼһ޵жһսˣ𣿡
ܷ̣һϹŷӡ
ǰ˭޵дܵģҺеˣ֪˭һ¡̵̫˵
ûлΣһʱڷ̣ʱ÷ɫ࣬Ŀ̫һۣЦ̫ŻڣӦϧԼǻˡ
ɱҰ̫Ц
ͲɵԷҪһսʤδ֪
ò˵һȻ٣ȴǿǿƣһǿ֮еǿߡ
һս޾κˡ
Ȼŷս⣬δ磬Կǿߣ϶Ҫܡ
ʼ漶ǿҪɱǣҲѹҲҪѪ
ûĻǾͿʼɣѾȲҪսǵˡɫ˷ܣһĸо
ԳߵһȺѣһֱǷж޲Щˡ
û𣿡ŷЦʵɣζŷ÷ͻȻһֲõԤС
ЩˣԸѾ㹻ˣԳǸϼһˣɱˣΪԳᡣһͭɳ´򣬻ȣɣǿޱȣͽУҲԳʱɱ˹
սһ˶Щš
ڴʱһ𣺡һûʱòᣬǿ¾Ҫˡ
ʲô
Ǵʧɫһ
Գ֣ΰ磬Ǻӣǿͬǿ¡
ѣһ֡
Щ˵ʵζǽģĸ֣Գţǲܳ
ʮһ˶ʮһˣǷǵɫȴͬһѿһĻǼû̫ʤϣ
Գ̫ǿˣһ˱ѹˡ


2301 ׽ɱ
Գ棬ûҾ˵ˣ϶ô̫Цޣܼǿ磬Щʧ̬ˡ
ǣһˣʱȲѣδ֪ͨǣҪ⡣ԳЦǵ֮дŸж
ȻˣЩȴȻάԼҪͷһսȻھԵƣҲˣȻж
֮Īڴˡ
顣
ֱһȭԳԶȴҲ˷ܣһӡ
ϼһ̫ɶˣƭˣһΪ˼ᣬû뵽㾹Ȼûһθɵǣˡ󼤶˵
Գûһ˼Цǳж
΢΢ͷʲôû˵ҲɿƵĳһĨЦݡ
ϲԳعˡŮս˵
ⶼҪл۵ѣͨҲܺתҲҪˡԳ濴˹ŷһۣм֮Ա
ŷ΢΢ͷûǫ飬ǺܵȻ
ۣдͨ̾
ԳƣҲ취һзˣǻûгɹŷȴκˣǸе𾪡
̲ס̾Ĵͷȷʵԭġ
ɫǳѿһսΪԳˣǲŸҶ֣ȴû뵽Ľ
ʨ飬˵˺棬Գ档
۴һ˵Գ档
ʨǻǻѡԳ濪ڣ˵Ļʱýʨһ
ʨЩŵĶԳ棬׼ԭԼǻȥѣ⻰Ķ
׹һڽʨԥʱֱӳˡ
ͭѹ£ֱӽʨɱ
˭Ҳû뵽ɾȻͻȻ֣ϣʨɱԳҪԮ
ֱӺ۾ɱ˹ȥֱɱս
ȫ̲סһһ̫嶯ˣǶܹܲȥսˣȴû뵽ɳֻɱ˽ʨھǲ򶼲ˡ
֡Хɱ˹ѡǹŷ磬Ϊ޵˹棬Ҫһʱ佫ŷɱ
Ϊǻк֣Ҳк֡ǳɣؾɴЦսͭ𶯣Ĺ
̲סҲˣֲϡ
ǿͬʱ֣ѹأȫʼ棬פ֮еʼ漶ǿߣʱȫ
ɱ
ԳЦޱȣһ˵ס˵ĶԷˡ
һĻǵУȫ̲ס𺳡
ԣʵˣ֮ǰҪǿ󡣡̲סϮɱŷ磬ûгɹŷ絲סڽ֡
Գһʱ䵲סֵʱޱȣжϡ
ԳıҪˣ֮Զȴˣ̲סȻԳھ㲻𣬹Ҳ࣬Զɡ
ʤȯգǴʱȴ̲סзֹ
ǿߣҲǺȻǶһۣԷе𺳡
ԳʵеҪǿĶࡣ
Գ棬һսֻΪնɱۣÿ˿ڣ˵Ļ
ǲҪ׵Գ棬Ժܿ֡
Գɨһۣ¶һĨЦȴûлش
ǲҪˣǸԳľˣɱԳ棬޷ɱŷ硣Ц
ĻǿߣӶΪҲˣԳûֵͣĴ㣬ǿƣҪɱǡ
ɱ
ǿߴͬʱ֣ҪԳ档
ս˶ҵ˶֣Գ֮⣬ȫһһ
ŷսʵԷ·磬ȴĹ
СˣʲôۣҪ𡣡ЦŹŷ磬ͨŷɳȥ
ŷЦͷųĹâȴܣսʩչԼֶΣķ
һսܼң˷
ŷ羳ȲĺԶǲûһ㿹ʵ֮ǰȣǿһأȻȻǺͷ֮Ĳ࣬ȴԽԽСˡ
ƾҲɱңЦŷӶʥȭһУţͷųɱԷ
Хһͷ֣︡չ죬Ȼ˻
ŷߣһӰȴʵһս񣬾ȭ졣
һײȻǹŷ˳ȥȴû̫ܵƣ֮ǰһѪǿ˹ŷȻһѪ˵ֻ΢һǶڹŷ˵ȴټĺôһµĵط


2302 ɱ
˱ɫŷ̫ˣʲô磬ȻԺͷһսı֣Ȼȴһս֮
֮ǰŷͷײǻΪΪսĹϵԹŷſԺͷһսģڿȻôһ£ŷҲӽǵսˡ
֮ƿֲڳʼ漶ǿоľ
䡣
ŷ⣬չ˾ɱս죬µ˼㣬ȻռƣҲӲŷԿѪ
Ŀڹŷϣ쳤Хɫ¯ֱ֤ѹ¡
죬ɫգ㶼Ҫڡ
ֻ棬ﵽļ£µ˼㡣
ŷЦֻУɢʵĹ⣬һ˳ȥ
ȭͷӲ¯һĲʮ𶯣ɫ¯ɳȥ𶯣һⴴ
֮ǰҪǿ̲ס
о˹ŷı仯֮ռʱǿ˺ܶ࣬Ҳһ˲١
ŷЦ֪ʼ𾪣Ͼʵﵽ磬ʱ֮ڣҲһСҪдȴס
ֿ֮ʮ죬ŷʵһأ˭Ҫ𾪡
ûͻƾ磬ֻսˣŷʼս·硣
ľ̫ǿˣŸ޵еľ簡
ǿ۾ˣ˲˵һ޴в޷һ˻ϡ
ǣ޷ͻԳѹƣǱԳ漤սռһϷ硣
Գ澫ڣһּµϢϸգܹ򣬸Ӳã
һǺȻȻֻһ˿ȴȿ£Ǹоһ־޴в
ܣȻҲˡ𺳣ܵһΣ
һв˳ˣĴﵽ־硣һ׼˽볬Ѿ磬ֻʱ⡣
˭Ҳ벻ֵԳ澹Ȼ볬Ѿˡ
ﵽΣҪֻʱ䣬ȫȫǸ硣ԳԶսĺһǸ磬ʵԲ֡
һѹʼ̧ͷԳվҪǣɱҪһЩʱ䡣
սɫսգսһɫƬǿߣԷһ飬ǾԲ࣬ʵǳǿһѷ컭ꪣѹս̧ͷ
սվһ˽ܣڳҪͻƶԷѹơ
˵ʵǳǿսȴ˷ܣһ㶼ں˽ڿ񱩣ս⡣
ʼ漶ǿĥԼҪһս̤Ǹ硣
𾪵ĻǻŮ֮ǰ޵УǱŷڵǸڣͳһʼ漶Ĵڡ
ʵ϶Ǹڣֻа˳ɣȻǿơ֮ǰЩɬǺȴ͵ĲˣȻѹԼĶ֣ͨԷѪ
ѣΪѾǳɳˣǿĲ˼顣ǰʼ漶Ĵڣֻܹսһİ벽ѣǴʱȴܹѹƶԷԷѪ
쳤Хйеļ
Ķ־ˣǱԽԽ͵ĻŮòͣĺˣǱ
ʮһսţȫڼսһѪȥữһѪɫʼսʹʼսȻֲܿر飬̲ʼսһơ
˺ȻмսĻһҪٵˡ
ʮʼ棬һĴսˡڼ䣬Ҳ֣ˣգǻսһ
ŷܵΣ˶ϣͬʱ֣һɱ
֮У޵о磬ս֮ҲЩһЩࡣȻ˫Ҳֲֲࡣ
Сġ
ԳѵһɨɳȥҪסŷ硣
ùңҪɱңǻ˵㡣ŷЦݺӲֹ͵˼㡣
һɫۼ׵Ǹʼ͹ŷӲȴһ˫ֱۣ˶ɫҪ֪һɫۼ׵ʼΪޣǿ֮жٮٮߣܹ֮ȵҲֻ̫ͰȻԳĿ϶ܹѹƶԷ
ǹŷ粻Գ棬ȴ޵˫ۣƿ¡
ŷ粢𣬸첲ʹƤⶼˣѪܣǺȣȴ˲֪١
ŭ˹һͷţһ飬Ӵһ̫ħɽһֱŷ˹
ʮ䣬ŷ绯һͷԳԳĴڣʦʯŲȴأͷ죬أȻһȭһȭӲޡ

һ޴ŷɱޱȣѪɣѣڵϣͬһߴɽһ㣬˾η
ɱ˲¡
ǣŷȴ˿µϮɱ
һ˴ֱ֮߳ŷ֣϶ǿ
컯
ŷüΪıԳХȫ֣סǿߵĹ
һ̣ŷѪǻɱΪе˳֣һĬȻˣ磬ȴ˸⣬ǿ˼㡣
컯Ҫǿƣղų֣˵ٸͨһֱӸɱ˹ŷ硣
ʲôսǱɫŷ羹Ȼɱˣǲܹܡһ޵е˽ܣд˼ôˣʵԽܡ
ġŮԹŷһĸоǹŷǿѹǽڵǸˣǹŷı֣Ĵ
ֻǣһˣû˵ûŮû뵽ǣŷ羹Ȼɱˣ˶ˡ
ôô飬㣬ӦʱŶԣҪɳﵽʿߣΪϵĴء
쵰սᣬǼˣɱڡ
飬㾹ȻҲ֣Թŷ磬Ҳ򵥡ս˵еսڿգȻ֡
ڴʱŷ类ɱЩѪ⾹Ȼ⣬һγһµ飬컯ɱ˹ȥ
컯ɫܵһΣһԻѹ顣
ۡ
컯ɳȥһѪ˳һҲʧ
ûޱ飬ȴ˵
˵ˡһȻһƵϡ
ɳȥ屬飬Ԫ񶼲һشһӳԪ棬ס˹ŷĹ
ֵ˺Ȼǹŷ磬ɫ֮дһ˿м
ôܣǱɫ
һ壬Ǹϼһͨõĵǲǿϧûɱ㡣Ԫһӿ޸ȻĶŹŷ磬Ц˵
ŷһʲô˼һ壬ǵͨʵǾԲڵ飬̫ԶҲǸս޵еľ硣


2303 
㻰ʲô˼ŷֱѯʡ
ûָԷشԼϾǵˣԷشԼǷǳġ
̫֮ϣѵ㲻úĳЩźܴĹϵΪһҳƺΪ𣬱춼Ҫ춼ҪʲôЦ˵Ļ
ŷһĻֻһֿܣͷˣҲһ
ϾҲֻֽͲź
ȻĻ鲻ʶһ̫ͨϣŷһֱ컯֮йϵ̫ԼҲе˼
ڿҲǶԷԼġ
̫ϣ͵йϵ
ǣŷȴЩԣΪûʲôԵĵطһһ֮⣬һֱͨҲܳ˵һҲ̫ǿһ㡣
ƭҡ
ŷЦɱ졣
Լ֪ԼݣΪʲôһ֪ΪҺ̫һġЦ˵
ŷü׶Էʲô˼
Ϊ̫ɱ㣬ڼɵĻѾһˣ֮ӣƹʵݣǵʲôԶ֪ıЩ̡
ŷԽԽˣȴ֪Է˼ǾһжƣƹʣȴǱ˵ӡ
뵽ЩȴЦˡ
Ȼ˵ҲԶҡҵıģ˭Ҫң˭ҪӦĴۡǿƣȻ֪ԼԵҲ𣬵ȻһɵûУЦĲм
˵Щ֮󣬹ŷֱɱ˹ȥ
Ҫɱǣ˸ܴв
ʱԳҲķ纣춯ء趯񱩵˼㡣
˳Хǿŷ磬ս
ۡ
Ǵսһʱһ˳֣һɱ컯
ʲôһŷ˳ͬǿƣѪ졣
һ壬ٵһŷڣˣʱȫ֡
ͷսˣȴûռơ
Էĺ㣬컯Ȼڸ޵о磬һʵڹŷ̫࣬ʵǿѾ̤˰벽ѵľ磬ս
ŷͱսˣ൱
ʩչͨȴֻܹ˵ˣ޷ɱǡ
ͬʱҲ֣ڹŷ˺ۡ
սе˰Ȼĵزֲʤ˻Ѫ˺ۣսڣȻԳ϶˺ۣȾԼѪ
ûб֮ƽ⣬ֻһֽͬھ
ʼ棬ԭһ𣬶ʱ÷ëȻ
սͻƣϢʼľ硣սӶһƬ򣬽ĶְУչɱ
ʱľ۷壬ǿ˿µĵزȻһʼ涼ס
һʼҽУɱĻѪѵͻ˳ӭȴԳ

һͷ꣬ȴֱӱԳɱ
ʼ漶ǿˣǻ𣬶¶ɫ
֪ˣƽⱻƣд鷳ˡ
ҲľղֻǴһƽ֣һˣսѾʼ漶ľ磬ǵʵѾԳǡ
˶һۣתߣһԥûС
ŷ磬Ҫסǣɱ
ãЩߣʧʼ漶սԳδ֣ǲŷ磬֪ĵʼǡ
ŷҲԥɱ
ʱ컯Ҳֱ
һԳǳˣȫɱˡ
ǵʵҲ˵ã쳣ϣʩչͨͬʱҪıڵ뿪
һǿߣɫѿ֪ˣ˿µΣҲҪΣա
ߡ
Ƿľˡ
߲ˡսսգֱӵǰ棬ֶʩչĵס˷
ʱ˹ŷһˣս˾Ե·磬ΪԳһˣԵס֮еλ
ɫ԰ףʹ֪ԳָˣҲû뵽ԳʵȻǿһز
ǵдı֣עҪľˡ
ʱĴսȻڼѾû
ʼ漶ǿ䣬ʼսڲǳܲסӴԹ
ɱʱ򣬱ܵץǳ顣
ӢһӶУ۰һΪһʼ棬һվˡ
Ҳһʱ쳣ʣȴûκΰ취Ǹ͵סԳǵĻɱ


2304 ͻ
һսĻʼ漶ǿʮǼ侪˵飬˭Ҳû뵽ᷢ顣
ԳʤĿ
ʱڿ񻶣ȥһеĸ
ֻа֮ˮȻڽʨ䣬ܲζ
ԳתİļȻû˵ǺȻڰο
û£Ҿ͵ûֵܡ˵Сȴһֱˡ
ദ޾£ʨ󲻷룬֮ĸ飬ܹݣ˵һ㶼ʹĻǸͲܵġ
ʨֵֻһʱ벻ѣҵȲûйɺǸɡ˵Գɫ֮Щա
ʹԽʨΪЩŭǻûеҪɱ˽ʨĵزֻ̫ˣɱʨȻסֻܹŽʨɱ
̫ˡһĨ⡣
Գļδ˵ŷ硣
ʱŷҲ˼ĻǺε˼һǿʵŷ粢⣬һˣһʼ漶ǿ߶޷ͨǵָĻھϣ˭Ҳ޷ɡ
ŷߵһһٲ˹ϵͨĻû죬ҹѾˡ
ʲôأԳŷʵ
Źŷ֮У˸мԳףΪŷԭԼǸԳͲн졣
˵ڵһУǹŷ͵ģڸ
ڹŷ磬һм
顣ŷ絹û˵Լ뷨
üͷһΣУһǿߵԼĻӶ뻹治ù˵ѹ
õģ㲻Ҫˣ㲻һˣءԳЦ˵
Գǽ𾳽磬ԿԱסҡŷЦϿԳĻ
Գ浹һЦŹŷ磬˵ʵͲ˵Ǹ𣬾˵Լǽ𾳽ֻ֮磬㻹õżɵκȻҪôҲɡ
ǲᰡŷ̾ǶԷᣬǲΪ𣬶ҲûʲôãҪǳΪѵǣԳһЦŷ˵
ŷһţǼ⣬ûԳ濴͸
ͬԳ˵һǲ𾳽磬Щ˾Ƕ֣ûκá𾳽磬ЩҪ֣Բô׵ģ𣬹ŷаնԸһеˡ
лǰŷС
İɣֻҪҳΪ𣬶ȻܹסȫԳȻ˵
ԳĻŷͷδ˵ʲôȴһ־Σһ죬˭һȭԷ
Ⱦơŷץһ̳ƣЦ˵
ǹȫʹ졣
һգŷվҪȥΪǿǰҪҹŷĻ
ֵܣʵ㲻ߣΪʲô˲ģ˿սǻܹǣЦΪһʼ漶ǿߣȻûκη塣
ǿ󣬵ǾԲ׺һʼ濪սֶսǺ˭ˣǳˣκ֯Ҫͷۡ
ŷһܺõ˵ڲ˲ӶΪ³ֲص顣
λֵܣԼ飬Һò׵İӣҲƻŷЦ˵
֪Щ˾һսѾѣԽˣŷ͸Ӳܹǡ
ǿ߽٣֪򣬿϶ҪɱġһǺͶԷսδֻǿߣҲбĿµĴڡ
ԣŷ粻ԸǾСһˣʲôʱ߲⡣
ðɣ֪˼ǧҪע⣬ĻҵȱȻսҳŷ֮еļοڣȴ֣أ˾ȡ
Ҫ֪ĺٿڣȻԳѣǺڳˣϵĿ˵ô
ǶԹŷ磬࿴˵Ļ
лңģǳѳ֣ĻܹΣյز˻ءŷЦɫ֮¶һ˿ȻⲢ˵Ϲʵ
ǿȻʼ棬δ볬Ѿ磬ʵĺܿɹۣ˾ηڳ˶һ㣬ȫͷϿɹŷĻ
㡣ҴЦ
˵ѣסһ飬ȻгҪɱ㣬ҲԸ⡣
һ̣ϱ˵ϢȻ˿Գ档
ֵܣͻˡԳ¶ϲɫ
׼û뵽ҾȻҲ硣
ϿһЩԾͻˡ¶һ˿Цݡ


2305 
𺳣ȫ¶ĽɫͻˣԳ֮Ľ
׼ֻҪʱ㹻ȫ𾳽磬Ѿǰ϶ˡ
Ȼʼ漶۷ǿߣ׼ֻһ㣬˵ȴ̫Զˡ
ûлԵԣԶ߲һ
̫ˡԳЦ
ֵܳΪ׼𣬺ʵ൱᲻ˣ˷ܣԵΪԷˡ
ףأŷҲףأȻ뿪
δ뿪ΪҪҵ컯죬һСңǿߣŷҪǴսĥԼ̤벽Ǹ硣
ڸ޵֮ߵ㹻ԶҲһ볬ѵĹؼǻǲһ㣬ܽǸ硣
֮УǿŷԼַ֤ţ벽Ѿ硣
Կ϶ŷǽ벽ѣȻʼ漶ǿߣҲۡ
⼸ջܴ󡣡͹ŷһ·Щ̾˵
Ϊ벽ĴڣǺʼȣͲĺԶˡǴʱˣԳڣΪ˵Լľ顣һ벽˵һ侪˵ĻԵ
㣬һϵʦ𣬴ʱҲ࣬˺ܶࡣ
ʵǿ󣬱ǰźܶô
ŷҲԱܸд
΢΢ͷŷЦЦȴû˵
شҪ̤Լ·ѣնΪ벽ѣΪϵ
ôһֿ͸ĸоˡ̲ס˵
֮ǰ͹ŷһ𣬹ŷսȻ£ȴԿ͸Ǵʱŷȴһɲĸо
Ժʼ漶ǿ߽սǵ飬ڹŷ˵Կ˵һĻԵмȡʺĶҪѳ
ֵ֮УҪ߳Լ·
䵽һǳ֮Уһ֮ǣΰޱȣǳ֮ȣԵЩС
֮棬µķֲ²ɣϢǴԶһ
ŷ棬ȴ̱һסˡ
վסͷһǿߣȫںɫĿ֮Уֻ¶۾һѳǹָŹŷ磬ںǳ
ŷü˵ʲô𣿡
ǵ֣ΪǡǸͷ˵Ŀ
ǣѵһ첻ɣŷЩȣ뵽ӦǵĹأҪڣ˵Լ֡
ڴʱ˷ɹͷų죬ն
Ǹͷ쿴һĻǺܿŷ£Ǹ˿Ľ̸˼䣬Ȼ˶Է뿪
һĻŷԴȻˡ
ûԷŷȥ
վס
Ǹǳ⣬ǹֱӶ˹ŷͷ­
ŷתһץס˶Էĳǹεס
ҪʲôŷʣޱȣŶԷɫĮ
ǸͷЩԾһ벽ѣȻһץסе̫ˡ
ſδشŷ磬ֱӺǳ
ŷɫϣǸͷ죬˵Ҳ
ʱһɿµϣһۺǳԼĳľ
ǸԾ¶۾¶ɵɫȻǱŵˡ
һڿˮ뵽ʲôԼȻһ޵иǳˣʱŭˡ

ǸЦҪǹӹŷ𿪡
ãŷųǹҲûκôεĽǹС
Ǹ˵ȫ¶ԾɫǵĶӳһ벽ѣ죬֮жǿߣȻĻҲػǳأΪִߡ
Ǵʱһ޵УץסǶӳĳǹ޷÷еˡ
ôܣӳǰ벽ѡ̲ס
һ޵У˵е컯ܹһ㲻Щ˶ӣԷе𺳡
ʵк컯ҪһֻץסǶӳ޷Ҳǲܵġ
컯
Ƕһۣȴûǰ
ΪǵĶӳʱڱ۷ķǹŷȻЦģվ˿
ǰѳǹǳ˹ŷУƿţ޷ˡ
㵽˭ǸӳɫڱˣŹŷ磬ʵ
ŷ硣
ŷ˵Լ֣ʱǸһ
ŷ磬Ȼ˵һǿߣɶԿһʼ漶ǿߡ
ΪԭԳָɱôǿߣںܶУŷһǵǿߡ


2306 
Բ𣬸ղһΡǸͷ쿪ڣùŷԭ¡
ſԼĳǹվЩ
Ϊ֮Уŷһɱǣߵɱ
ŷ翴һۣǸӵ˼˵ϣɫȻ
Ҳһɫ𺳣Źŷ磬Щ֪롣
ŷ̫ǿˣǵʵȻʼ棬Ҳ࣬Եǿơ
ˣ֮ҲԳߵǶҪη
ŷɿǹ֮֮߹ȥߣи̾ʱŷеӣǺܶʱ򣬹ŷҲޱȣ㿪ڡ
֮֮Уǿƣ޵Ų٣ҲһЩˣʵǿߵȡ
ŷ緢˲ٰ벽ѣЩ˵ʵǳˡ
ʼ漶ǿߣŷûмԼһָоĴڡ
Ϊڸ޵о磬Եһ㶼ۣ淢飬ǲ֪ȻҲ֪ŷݡ
㣬˲˵ע⣬ع㣬ķǳܳǰ벽ѣȺ֮Уܶһľη
ɫȣһĽĸоҪ׷һŷʱɫ֮дŵ⣬Ȼŷ統ˡ
һĻŷЦá
Ľ߶ҪҳˡŷЦ
ǲֻһȺӶѣЩ˼һҲĶ֡Ц˵һ㶼⡣
ŷҡͷЦ˵ҪСκˣΪ㲻֪һջΪһݺ죬¡
ǿ㵯ָɱһƬƲ죬Щм
ŷͻȻʶǿߺõǰ̵ġ㿴Ĳʲô
Цһǰȥ
С磬ҿӦ÷ڣؽѪ֮֡ڹŷǰߵʱһͻȻץס˹ŷĸ첲һı顣
ŷ𾪣ʹڲעʱҲʲô˶ܹץסԼģȻһʼ֣ҲзӦʱ䡣
ڣ˲ֻһ߰ĴڣȻһץסе̫ˡ
ôˣ㾪ȣŷһ𾪵ӣЩɻ
ɨǸץסŷֵһۣſڣ˵һСʲôһߴȥ
ֻһ߰죬Ȼ˵Ѫ֮ʲôģЩŭöԷֻں˵
֣ҪԷֱ۴ӹŷĸ첲𿪡
ǣȵ鷢ˣҪԷִӹŷĸ첲𿪣ȴûгɹԷֱûжһ¡
ôܣ̲סԾ
ŷ۾ŶԷ㵽ʲôˣ
ȻԲһһˣʵǻ߰ô򵥡ղҲڷҪ𿪶Է֣ʧˣԷ˿ûһ㱻𿪵ļ
ŷףԼһ˲ĸ֡
ҽգǳصĳǸ˿ڣ˵Լ֡
֮ǵĳŷЩ⣬˵ͷͻȻΣֱ˶Էơ
ŷ綢ſգʵҲ˭ҪңȻĻһѣҲ㸶Ĵۡ
ɫأ֪һ˲õĴ֣ȻǳѣҲԳּǿߡ
Ҷûж⣬ֻҪһЩ顣Цһ֣ҪתƵһط
ŷһ֮нⱬֱѹס˿ռƶ˿δŷ綢ſգЦ˵Ҳ˵
üͷһ壬ȻЩˬ
ŷЦе㲻⣬ʵǳǿ󣬵ȴˣĻԹŷǲ
ŷͣҲǿյһͷ˵˼ȴԲЩˣһ㲻Ծܹ
ҪһЩѪһãûбĹҪ󡣡Ц˵Ǻܺơ
Ļȴֱùŷɫһ˵ѪǲģΪѪҺ̺֮ĵһ˼˵õˣȲ
׺ŷ粻ԼѪ
ܡֱŷ˵
ɫһһۣ֮дž˵ϣ˵㻹ûʸǵ顣
ͷųһϣϣ̲ס˼ɫЩ԰ס
˵ʵԿԳ档
ŷ˵ֱһֶϻ˳ȥ
ꡣ
û̫ܵص˺üҲһƣѪʳһ¡
û뵽ŷ˹ϣȻֱӳ֣ʩչĿµͷסֱ˵
ȻƲǺأֱÿŭˡ


2307 
յɫһӾŭŹŷ磬˵
㡣ŷĮޱȵĻӦһۣ˵ģ˸֣Ҫ
ŷǿƣ֪ԼԵҲһ׼𣬵Ҳ˿ɵ
΢΢һЦվڹŷƽĿǰһС
ŷ磬ҪΪԳͿˣֻҪ㼸Ѫûб˼˼һ£ǳ˵
ҪǿƳ֣һ£ҪԳ棬ԻǷˡ
ܡŷӦһԥûС
յһӾͳŹŷ磬˵˵ҲẦģһһЩԿֲʧˡ
˵ܡŷ˵
ŷ磬㲻Ҫڤ粻顣ŭ˵
ĺȻԳ棬ҲһپܾҪ
ǹŷȴˣ޲ó˹ŷ硣
ڤ粻㣬ҵѳ֣Ѿ̸ͬˣȻʵ㣬ҲµˣҪսĻұһսŷŶԷɫޱȡ
ⲻԳǣǹŷԼʵκˡ
ŷ磬סһ飬㲻ֻи޵СճҪˣûһȻҶ
Ҳ˵ĻˡŷЦˣֻ˵Ļȴʮ㡣
Ҳ׹ŷ˼Цסһ飬ҲǷ
δرȵϷŷĻ˵
ȻⲢʵΪԷʵĺǿ󣬾ԳԽŷڷ̶Է˵ڴ˶ѣЦֱ֣ΪԼİ
Ȼŷ粻ӦȡԳˣղη壬ֻǼɵѣǲܹ⣬ºͶԷͻ
ŷֱ̧֣ӺͿӲһ
ŷ絹ˣ㣬ΪǿյĶ֣սԷ
һ⣬ռ˵ңһ־˵ɱ
Ǻǡ
ŷӦ̬ȺԶ׼
Цˣ̤գ磬ͷųԼǿϢǺΧʱյ߸Ӱ쵽ˡ
ʱǳصȫסˣǿ߶š
Ǹŷ硣֮ǰŷŵͷ쿪ڡ
ߵҲǵɴ۾Ȼ̲סһǳ죬͹ŷսˡ
ȫ¶ŵɫҪ֪պٳ֣ںһսǲܵ顣
Ҳ鷳Ϊյʵˣָɱʼ漶ǿߣסˡ
ڿ֮Уû˿Υҵ־ءЦ˵
ŷüͷһߣſգһַǳϤĸо
ԣ㲻ʼ档ŷͻȻ˵
ǺϵߣǱһĺϵǿ죬ͻȻоһЩʱֽű
ʵ̫ˣǿգȻһϵߣ
ʲôŷ綼Щ
һϵߣһЩ𾪡ĺǿҲʵʼ漶ǿߣȻʼ漶ǿߣҲֻܹƽƽΪһ֮У˵ǲĴʣκʼ漶ǿ߶ͷ
ȻҲǿ֮еǹŷȻڸ޵еսҲв
Ҳ͵ʱɱʱйϵǸʱ˼㣬ȻĻŷҲ޷вԷ
һϵʵȻ򵥡
ɣҾҲңǺϵЦȻĶŹŷ硣
Σŷ絭ʵ
ɫм¶һ˿ģ˵Զ֪Ƕôǿ󣬳Ѳ׼Ҫѹһǿѣӵܣұĵˡ
ɫ̣Ҫɱŷ硣
ףΪʲôҪҵѪŷüԷôǿˣҪѪҺȻе㲻Ӧá
հȻɫʧɫ֮Щӣ̾ϢһԵȻڣȴʧȥ˲ʸҪˣҪѪһѪٻһƳ¡
ĿģҪĲǹŷһѪһѪ
ΪֻҪ㼸Ѫɾ裬ұ֣˭뵽ȻֵһҲνˣֻҪɱ㣬ѪұͿһµʱѳȥΪ𡣡˵¶ɫֻгΪܹ֮»ò
׳աŷƲ죬һۡ


2308 ս
ȻûнӽǸ磬ǹŷȴȱ˶Գһ˽⡣𣬾Բǿܹﵽġ
ԷΪ׼𣬼ѳȥҪߵһ̫ˡ
Ҫһһǰ̬ᶨĲȡ
ԣҲֹˡ
󵨡մɱ⡣
ֱӳ֣ضǬҪɱŷ硣
ǻ£ۣŻһе־
ŷЦֻ̧죬ͿײȻ󵹷˳ȥ
һײǿյĶ֣ʵԶԶ磬ǹŷ粻壬ŶԷսȡ
Ȼˣϰ벽Ѱɡŷ翪ڣ˵ĻҪһĥԼգһõѡ
Ҫܿգ벽ѡ
һսסˡ
ھ֮ϣ̧֮䣬ȫǻԵĵ򡣹ŷ·磬ǿյĶ֡
Ϊվһ׼𣬾Ͳһ㣬ͳѳȥˣˣʵȻǿ󵽲˵
ŷ޵УսȴڷɿĽһڣ˲֪٣˵Ƿޱߡ
ǳǵķ˿䣬籡ȫը飬ͳܲסǵϡ
һǳ֮еǿĴӴܣɫȻΪߵһ˲䣬һನһǳأһ벽þȫ޷𻵵ĳǳأʱˣĩʧ֮䡣
Һ飬ʿԤеǰ뿪ȻĻҪ䲻֪٣˵һѡ
ʮ֮еĿûΪˣʱ͹ŷ缤սʩչ򣬾ס˺ܶˡ
˾
һʼ漶ǿߣһͷµĻ棬߿˹
ǱԴȴǸյļһֲ֮ǰʧԭҲ˻ӦһŮӣ׷գսףվھ֮ϣ˸
һǿ߶򣬸Ӧ˿յ
ͬʱҲע⵽ŷ磬ɫ̲ס𺳡
Ǻˣ޵о磬ȴһֿ͸ĸоһ벽ѣɫȻ
ܹʼ漶ǿ棬ֻһˣǱǾۣ˰컯ڣûôǿơ˲²ŷݡ
ۣƺʱúܶ𺳡
ЩǶ߾֣ǧʱ䣬һһߵڣƾ춯أ𺳡
ڣڼ˹ŷ磬ȴĻҪǿƣһЩʼ漶ǿߣĸܵյʵǻҪǿǽһǿߡ
һ׼ʶһ㣬̲סȻ
ڹʵ޽⣬ȻǶϣҲǶֻ֣аһ·ǹŷȴҪӺãסôʱ䡣սȣȻڷøͨһ㺳׼
ŷ磬Ҫˣ־ܣҲһһնŹŷ磬˵һָֻץһ棬µĴͨҪŷѹ
ŷЦһϻζߣȻ͵سȭ俪һƬء
Цһ³֣׳ա
ǹŷĻĶԷǳм
־ܣȫǲܵ飬ҹŷͲΪ䣬սȣӵǿˡ
ҪͻƣҪҴӦӦһ䣬ɱ
תŽԿաХһǺӱ飬ƬϨˣ֮һƬڡ
ŽԿգһгɿա
һɿµϢڹŷϣë
ǿµһŽԿգŷӰҪˡ
ղҪŷ糹׻ɱҪȡѪֻҪشŷ硣
һɿµҪŷ˺ѣ׻ɱ
ֻء
Ҫֵʱ򣬹ŷ籬ˣֻأֻء
˵Ϣϱݻһֻأһжƿ֮С
յͨʧǹЦˡֻظֻ֣һŹ⣬ȴµ׼𶼿͸ѹ˹ȥ
վһſһƬ棬Լǰ档
ãֻصǰʲôãУɳȥķѣԪѪȻܵ˿µĴ
ŷԻ۾һֻƬͷһصϢûڡ
ŷһһЩ˾Ȼһָʵĸо
ָоÿվñŤһֲõĸо
ʶһ㣬޸壬ſ³һھһӣŷȥҪŷɱ


2309 
ŷ֮Уͷ֮ϵֻƬֱӷɳһ⣬մĹȫ˻ȥ
յһŹŷ磬¶Ľɫ
ֻƬԶڻסŷ磬Ͽ˹ŷ硣ǣմû˵ֻƬġ
˵õֻƬȴᱻϡ
ֻƬֻбоһ㶫⻹ǵһ˵
ŷֻƬ֮£۾Ϊεúܶ࿴ˣȫ̲ס
ô£һ׼սȻĶս֮ʵ̫ˡ
ֻƬڹŷͷռ֣ҪֻƬ
ֻƬΪһ壬ֻ֮أǵõд컯Ȼ𣬿¶ҪĶοһ׼
ճ֣ҪֻƬһתҪֻƬ
ֻǣʱֻƬӦֱ³һصϢ޷Ӵ
ÿŭһҪ˵ĳ嶯
ˡ
ʱŷһһɵ֮У֮С
ŷ翴˹ȥԶһʵӰݣǿһ欵ŮӣˣΪ貵ǶҪҫۡ
ŷסˣʶһˣһ㶼ûӡ
ЩɻԼ磬ֻƬػôһط
ŷʵ
һҷ磬ᷳˣٵȥֻг˯Ǹشһ˿ˣùŷͻȻһʹ
֪Ϊʲôܵһֱһͬһֱ룬Ůӵϴ᲻
ùŷ级Ȼһ˵ȻܹӰ쵽ֱ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ǼᶨͬһɺݶԶҡģھȻӰ쵽ˣˮ
գҿˡŷһ˵ǳҭģһһ٣Щץ
ҪǱ˿Ӣľͻٵˣʵ̫ˡ
㵱ȻҪޣΪڱˡǸŮӼ˵
ΪΣŷѯʡ
վˮϵ䣬ǸʵӰҪȴһ㶼
޾£ս˲֪ʱ䣬վδɹЩδû֣ǶѾˣˣҷˣҪһֻвлң޾֮ڼˡǸ˿ڣƺǿġ
ŷȻʣѵ˵ǸˣһѪǿߣһ޵еǿߣ
ҪѰĵ֣ʲôˣΪҪ˵Լ
ѵֻأתŷüͷǲţֻǾЩˡ
˭˵Ǹˣ˻֮⻹˭ʲôϵŷʵǸʵӰüͷš
ǻʣǵۣۣݣɨŵֻۣлʺңܹƽƽǹǿߡʵӰڣһùŷһ
ʣӦȻеۡ
ǣ˵Լ˵תŷȴЩΪȻ
ҲڹżңЩ⣬Ѫ֮ǿһЩȡڵĳɾͣ͹ŷŬǽⲻġѾﵽ磬ֻҪӦþͳ׽˰벽ѣҲûоԼʲôۣԶԷ϶ϴˡ
㣬ϴˡŷҡͷ˶ԷĻ
ܵģ˵֮⣬û˿ԱֻػǸ˼ڣڹŷķϲΪȻ
ֻػ𣿹ŷ֮ǰѾֻƬĽ⡣
ֻǵ۵ķһֻеһˣϱΪԣǵۡʵ˽ͣһ㲻ͷûС
ŷüͷԼνĵۡ
ܿ죬ŷЦˣ˵ǻʣνĵֻۣңҽŷ磬ƽһȴߵ˽죬νĴת˵Щûκá
֪սᣬȫǵۣ޷ܵʵӰЩĻʧһʧɫճڹŷӣȻϰ˾ɫʱҲ̲סĿɿڴЩĿŶԷ
ܿ죬㽫һסùŷٿˡ⵹ùŷЩʧܿƽ˵˶޷ƣʲôʣʲôֻۣǿ˶ѣȻ֪㵽˭ܹоûе⣬һȥ
ĺ͵۵ԸƣǾͬһˡǸ֮һЩЦ⡣


2310 ѹһе
ŷüͷԷӦЩŭ
ֱӳ֣һأֱӳ˳ȥŷϣ״ƣ˳ȥɫ֮΢΢Щ⡣
ۣǻģȻڻûȫع飬һ죬һġǸ˵Ȼʧ
ʵ֮УŷϢתſµԣ˲̤ش֮ϣҪѳȥһ
벽ѣǸ磬ʣ֮䣬޾¡¡Ϊء
ƷҪϹŷĹλ

ŷ翪ڣЩƻɢʧվھ֮ϣӲã˼䡣
һֻ£ҪץֻƬ
ŷоһ罣ɳʱǿ쵽˼㡣
һкĵ¡¡
ֱն˳ȥǬ罣תУֱնһֻ֡
ѪһѪӣ񷣬
ŷ翴һֻƬǷ˻ûŷ֮С罣һ
ﱬսһ˱֮д˳
ŷʩչֶΣͨѹһ𣬻һµɱ⣬ǿһ벽Ѿ֮Ϊһι
Ǹ˱飬Ѫⱬ˾㤡
˵Ѫ֮УŲԣľһʼ棬Ǿڼ̵ʱ֮ڣŷˡ
һԪݳȥҪ
ŷ֣ȳһֶϻ꣬ɱԷ
ۡ
Է飬Ԫɢɱ
ǰһĻɫ
ŷתſգ˵ս𣿡
ֱתߡڵĹŷ粻ܻȴкаʵˣҪ֪ŷŲս벽Ѷѡ
ټսȥΪСȵ֮󣬹ŷʵ֮ս
˸ˣǿɱңڿʼҪǹһΣұٵһľݵ㡣ŷ˵𶯲񷡣
˺Ȼս
ŷݺ޵ˣʼ漶ǿߣδĵ
˻Ȼ
ܿ죬˷Ӧ
һȺǿڿն𣬳˹
ʼ漶ǿߴͷһȺǿߣǶŹŷ磬ɱ졣
ŷվϢƽȣɽǿߣɫȻûкˡ
ۣ̫ˡһ˺ǳʼ漶սֹҪɱŷ磬Գսǰߡ
ʱǿ߾˹ҪΧɱŷ硣
ǶԹŷһֻӦΪŷղ̫ǿˣǿ߲һЩӦĻ޹⡣
ȣһԶأǿҪҶ𣿡ŷ綢ǣЦ˵ǿƣе罣δջУʱ֡
ձɱ㡣Щ˿ڣǿƵ˼㡣
ŷӦǵĺܼ򵥣罣£ֱնһ
а벽ѣǴʱȴסһ
һɱȫѪȾ񷡣
ЩŭݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪһ
ҪΪУ׼ŷЦĿⶢЩˣɫ䣬ȴһµİ
ûã࣬ƾҲ񣬼ֱЦһʼ濪ڣһͷΣԳ˸ŽɫĹޱȡ
ɭȻĶŹŷ磬ɱΡ
壿ҪǰʵСʩչֶκĻڲҪˣսұսΣܹôΪۣѹһе֡ŷȣأúܶ˾ܵŷǣ̫ˡ
ۣѹһе֣ǣľ
˹ŷ磬˭˵Ļһ׼𶼲Уû㹻ǡ
һ˶ʼ漶ǿߣŷûκԥֱӳ֡
ŲԣȻش֮ϣȻҪɱˡ
ˣ̲ס
죬Ű벽ѣȻľٶѵħ𣿡
ǲùŷ磬ȻǾˣȴʼ漶ǿߣκϣ
Ͼս벽ѣʵδﵽ۷塣

Цɫ֮дһ˿ŭֱӳ֣һֻֻ쵶ƣ쵽˼㣬ŷ¡
ŷ糤ХֱӶԿһȭϼţķĵȭ£ҪһС
䡣
ըƲ̵࣬Ĳ󣬵Ǵʱ͹ŷײȴŤĲӣһըɫףɫ֮гš


2311 ֻ֮
ʼ漶ǿߺȻŵĶŹŷ磬ôܣŰ벽Ѿ磬ѹʼ漶ǿߡ
ղһһ㶼򵥣µ˼㡣
ŷȴǵĺȻ֡
ɫѪתһͷѹ¡
⣬ȴȻɳȥŤĲӡ
ܡХɫ֮š
һ֣ɱ
ĴǿߺնΧסŷ磬ǿƳ֡
ŷ˫ֽӡΧʱ֮תվڹȥδͬʱ֣𶯹ȥδ
һ̣ȫ飬һ˿Ĵǿߣ·硣
ս¶Ȼɫʲôսڰ벽ѣȻսʼ漶ǿߣҲ̫˰ɡ
˭벻˭Ϊʵˡ
ɱһͷޣ壬ǳҪ
ŷŸԣȫǴɵģµ˼㣬ѹҪŷɱ
ŷֻ̧죬ǣѪã˺Ѿ죬ֱӱ˶Է
һ̣̫ͼȻȫյ˳ȥ
һͷѪ֮УһֻצӰ
䡣
ɣŷɳȥŷʧ޾֮䣬ڹȥδ˵һ
ʱձ飬ŷ类˳ܴݣֻرһ˾С
Էɫ⣬Ѫ˳
ŷʱѾƿ罣ֱһˡ
һ࣬ǿ˾ߣһʼ档ɢŽɫĹâһֲϢͷһڴ󶦣ֱӴ䣬Ӳ罣
˲ײ˳ǧΣײĵطըһжޡ
ŷ¶ɫ˺ǿΨһסĹδκ˵ˡ
ǸŷҲһ˿أȻڹŷʵǳԾ
ǿߺΧŷΧУҪɱ
ˬŷЦս졣
Ųش֮ϣȻʼ棬ûһɵ
ۣ㷨죬ҲҪǸŷ˵˸⣬Į
仰˵ģɱȫŷЦǻҪǿơ
Ϣ죬ӣ緭Ƭתشǲڽ¡
ɱ
һսŷ纰ǿȥݺսʼ漶ǿߡ
﷨֮ڣѪ죬סˡ
ǺȻ˼㣬ǰ벽ôôǿ
ŷݺɨ죬ӶȭȻҪɨǡ
ȾѪԼģҲе˵ģ˸ԵĹԣϵȥ𣬳ʼ漶ǿߣȻ벽ҲԳѪҺ̺֮ɱһ̻ᱻش
ۡ
ŷǰ˫նһӡ
ǹŷɫ䣬סԷ˫ֱӶ֣۶ϣһȭ£
˳ûɱ˹ͬʱ֣նµĹ
ŷһХǳڣŽδȫ߸նֻۣȭӶֻƬǷɳƵսףϡ
һ̣ŷǿ˾ߣ󿪴ϣɨЩˡ
Ĵʼ漶ǿȫ˳ȥɫȻ֮һɿµֻ֮ȻҪĥǡ
Ƕѹ׵ֶΣǹһɫ԰ףȻķǳ
ŷ֮Уһ˿̫ˣֱ޽⡣
ֻ֮Ƕ޷ڣҪĻҪǿ
ŷ֮г˺Ȼ׶ˡ
𺳣Ϊֻ֮µ˼㡣
ǲսˣΣ϶ĥǡ
ŷ絹ǲ֪ʲôЦһ˹ȥҪս
ߡ
ʼתߣֻ֮סǣǲº͹ŷһս
̶ֳȵǿҪߣŷҲ׷ϡ
վԭأϵսףɫЩȡ˵Щ˲֪ʲôŷԼҲ
ֻƬƵսףϣڴսʱżͷųһֻ֮
ǣⲢɹŷƵģֻ֮ҲԼġ
ŷٴγԼֻ֮ȴʧˡֻƬǻԭȻûŷڡ
ѵǸνĵۣŷ뵽Ǹ˵ĻԼǵֻۣرԼĶ
ԣֻƬԼߣֱ֡
ܣֻԼǲνĵۣŷǹŷ硣ŷ翪ڣĿᶨ
ҵģ֮еҪʧŷͻȻһء


2312 ֻѪԨ
Ҫ˻Ӷʶһ֮󣬶ʱܶ𾪡
һλŷֻвĳ֣ʱǲͻȻʶŷղԣǶţҪ֡
ʼ漶ǿɫ࣬Ļ͹ŷһս뵽ղŹŷı֣һľĸо
սʤǵĸоŷʵ̫ˣƿ£ֻ֮ʴǣĥǵıԴ
Ȼս࣬ǶΪռƣŷԲܻǲŶԡ
ǣӵֻ֮ͲһˣǻԽԽղǹŷĶ֡
Ҫ֣㶼̲ס𺳡
ŷᶨޱȣϣҳ֣˵ĻȻܸģѳ֣Ļ˭Ҳסҡ
ǹŷĻ̲ס𺳡
ʱʶ˾۵ϣ˫ǣԲһʿġ
֮Уľݵ㡣
ŷʱѾûˡ
ĳԱʼ漶ǿߵĴ£ֱ뿪ݵ㡣
֮Сŷо˸һ㡣
Щ뿪򣬲һս
ʱס˺ܶˡ֪̫˫ˣȻҪ˱ˣʼ漶ǿߣҺ͹ŷһս
ô죿ѯʡ
Ȼ뿪ˣңҲͲǵ鷳ˣһΡŷ絭˵󣬵ȴ˺𺳡
ǿ񣬾ȻҲԹŷ磬Ҫ˱ܣʵ̫ˡ
뿪Żָƽ
̸飬һɫŹ֡
ŷ㣬Ȼ֮еˣǺȻѾΪ֮еصע
ûԸǹŷһˣҪ˱ˣοǡ
ȻЩģǺܶ˻ǲòϣǿ̫ˣĴ֯ɲ㺰ģǵʵжǿ³Լû֪
֮Բ͹ŷս벻ȫΪŷĿƷֻ»ܵ޴ʧ޷Ĵ֯ƽ⣬˵Σա
ĻȻʮŷˣҲܻ
ֻѪԨˡһ̫ĳǳ֮УŷһϢ
ֻѪԨùŷҪֻƬںһ𣬳Ϊһ塣
ֻѪԨʮ꿪һΣþǿԽȥһ»ԵʿЦ˵
ƾǣȥҲͲܵõʲôǴԵĵطһʿм
ԵúܲΪȻΪһȺ˵ʵǿ쾳ʵǽֻѪԨֻܹԵҪõʲôرѡ
ɷңֻѪԨʲôطŷȥѯʡ
¶ɫŷ֮г˹Ź֣ǲֻ֪ѪԨǶôľȵһһ
Ȼ˲ֻ֪ѪԨ죬𣿡һ쾳ʿ̲סʵ
ǡ
ŷֱӸ˴𰸡
ǸȻŷ֮Уһ˿η
ܹǿߣٶҪнӽڰ벽ѵʵĻ
ǿŷľ磬ʱףּĴڡ
ֻѪԨֻ֮µһܵأֻصĸ򣬾˵пֻܴءǸʿش
ֻأŷһ
Կ϶һѣݻֻأҲԽӽҲֻƬѲ˹ϵ
뵽ŷһҪֻѪԨҪֻء
ֻغ͵йϵŷǸ˵֪һСӦǳԽĴڣԴлúܶĶ
ֻѪԨŷʵ
֮У֮Уʱܿ򶼿ԿŻҲ֮еǿ߽롣Էشŷ硣
ԥһ£ŷ磬˵ǰɷҽȥһԵ
ɫ֮гڴŹŷ磬ϣܹӦԼ
һطȻʼ漶ǿ߽Уʹһ㣬Ҳδܹкýŷ絭˵δ̴Ӧ
ΪֻѪԨ֮УĺΣգЩ˵ŷ綼Ѿ֪Բֹǿ߻С
о۴ţҷġǸʿһЦ˵Ļ
ۣƺ˶̲סһ
ŷ񣬶ʱþηۣǰ˾Ȼ
һ˱ʼ棬޷֮㣬ʵ̫ˣ̲סη
͸ҰɡŷͷǸʿ¶һĨЦݡ


2313 
㿴˹ŷһۣЩ֣˵Ϊ쾳ΪҪ
ֻѪԨЩ˵˼Ȼǰ벽ѽУҲûʲôƣʼ漶档
ŷһ쾳Уе̫дˡ
Ͼ˭Ҳ˵֮Ум׼ǿߡ
Ǹĸ֣ŷ綼Ҫüͷûбʤİա
ʲô֣ŷ翴һۣ΢΢ҡͷȻǸʿʵ
ҽĪΪǸʿЦ˵
ĪΪһƽ֣ǹŷȴһָоԷ˵ֵʱ֮һصӿֶۡ
ĪΪԲ򵥣һֶѣӿȻһˡ
ǣȴֻ쾳
ŷĪΪһֺ棬ĶԷʲôƣΪʵ㹻Ȼ׼Ҳڷֺۡ
λ㣬ҵӦ֪ҾͲˣֻѪԨʲôʱŷһ㣬Ȼһ䡣
Ŀ⾼ĪΪϣǼΪ϶һ֪һ
֮󡣡ĪΪʹĻش
㾪ȣֵطĿôô׼ȷʱ䣬ֻܹһŶѣпһʮꡣ
ĪΪȴֱӣ˵֮Ļ
ΧҲǾȣȴţΪĪΪں˵
֪ˡŷͷȻĪΪĻ
ĪΪ¶һĨЦݣ߽ǳ֮еһƹݣǶ̸˵Ź֡
̸۵ݵʱ̲ס¶Ծɫ
ŷתһ̽ǵĶԻ
ǣȴܹõʱ򣬾ŷ綼˵ıȽ٣ܶʱʡ
㣬ȫ岻죬˸Ϣͣĸı䣬˵̸ϢԽԽء
ԾΪιŷͬ⻤סˡ̸֮۵һЩϵѾԽ֪Χһ硣
ĪΪҲЩȣãŷ϶˵ϼ䣬ȫ̶Ҫȴ⡣ŷȻ˵ıȽ٣ЩȻΪ֮ݡ
۵ʱ䣬ת۱ȥˡ
һ޴Ż˵ǰǿ߳
ֻѪԨˣŻ򿪣Żɢһɿµѹ̲סľһɾη
ֻѪԨֻأ˾η˸̾
Ҳ𣬷˹ȥ
ǹŷ磬һ㶼ţĪΪʵѲż
ûбҪżǵģܲǵģҪҲõˡĪΪܴݣЦ˵
ڹŷߣû˵ֻĪΪ֮дһ˿̽Ѱ
ֻѪԨһأҲ˵µܵأ˼ŷЦ˵
ʵҲûʲô˲ģһʱ˰ˡĪΪЩΪȻһʲô˲ġ
վ۷壬Խһǳܣˣһ涼δسһôܹ˲𡣡ŷЦһ
߰ɡĪΪЦ˵
δ磬ӣȻóʲô˲ġ
̤նУЩ˵󣬽Ż֮С
ǰʧǽһ֮С
һƬ򣬵ǲȻɵģġ
ʱŷǸսУܵ˹
һͷ޴ɽһ㳤ǺӶԱ߻ƣԵС˼㡣
ʱ£𶯣֮䱬һѪɫ⸽ʿȫ
ֻйŷδܵκˡ
׿񣬸Ҫɱŷǡ
ϡŷЦһͷӽʼ漶ǳǿ󣬵ȴС
ŷ绯һֻ֣۳һĳΣֱӽУ޷ѡ
ɫܵŷƥʵ¶ɫ
ŷޱ飬ֱһ
б飬
ɱĺáĪΪ̾
ҲŷЩ⡣
ĪΪͷ֮飬һһľԣʵǿƽȵģͷ̫ڲˣ
Ѹ߼ŷЦԷظҶһִ󰮣ùŷкøС
ⲻĳЩˣΪ֮Ϊϣ׿񵽲һڹŷ翴ֱЩЦ
ƽȣӲΪʵЩ顣
Ȼ˳⣬ŷ绹ظκ˵ĵز
ֻ˵ĻĪΪЦ
ڹŷߣȻΪֻ쾳ȴһֱķɣ˿ûбŷߵķͷ
ʱĪΪȸռŷʱ򣬸ӴݺͳȣԼһϣ˲ӡ


2314 ֱѪ
ŷ΢΢һЦǰСɽȴŷһֹŹֵĸо
һ޴ĹŷЩ⣬һۣĵơͬһ޴Ĺһĵĵشߵ㡣
Ĺ֮УܹõԵĪΪѵ
㿴һۣ̲סʵΪʲô֪ôࣿ
ĪΪ΢΢һЦ͵Ϊֻ档
ʲô㾪һֻȻĸоֲһ֪׼ȷĿʱأȻֻĺˡ
Сġ
ŷһͻȻһ
һֱӳ֡
һǸطգһӳ֣ɫսףӢˣվǳΪġ
ۣ鴫˿ڣһ̾
Ǻˣŷʵ
ڲ࣬ԺǸ˵ϴЦݣԵúǺơ
࣬ŷطˣЩÿɷϴκҹŷˣδͬ⣬Էˡ
סк£ŷʵ
ˡڣ˵Ļ
һʼ漶ǿߣҪǿһЩڽĴڣ˵ǼΪзġ
ΪΣŷʡ
ΪйͬĵˣĴ֮֯Уֻǲ񣬲ݡ˵һԥûС
ݣŷ仰Щˡ
ܹоûж⣬Ҳܹ˵ʲôˡ
ֻŷԿ϶Է˿϶ĵģȻĻһٵ
ǿһ㣿ŷʵ
ܶԷ˵Ҫˣͬ⣬϶Ҫ
ʵʵ˵Ǳԭ򡣡Ц˵ǳ̹ףԼϴ˼˵˳
ŷ⻹̹ͦϵġ
ʱһ˵ɡŷһ룬ûд𰸡
ĿɿڴȻЩЦã̲ס˵˵ĹȻȻͬ⡣
ŷ΢΢һЦûж˵ʲô
ǷֿǸġΪ˶ˣǹؼ
һ棬һĹһУҲеʱ˲˼νĲ𣿡ŷ̲ס̾
ǿͬ𣬶ʱ򣬸οǡ࣬ѾõˣĳЩʱȴõһʱữӰ
սһػһȾѪĽ֣ǿߵĪΪ̾ɫӡ
˵ֻĹΪսģ嵽ʲôԭѾû֪ˡʿ̾ɫꡣ
ңԶĹȥصս׷˶ٶ־һЩʲôŷ̾Щ˺档
򿪴ĹܹõֻĴУǸʱҲܹϤһСʼ漶ǿ߿ڣɫڴ
ĹǿǰֱӶ֡
һͷδΣƣһŻգͬһ⣬ʧڳǰ
һ̣һӵ˴Ĺ档
䡣
һ죬ǴĹɳȥһϢУ徹Ȼɢ
۾֮¶ֵɫȻʩչҪϢĻɱ
һһ壬֮ը飬նһ٣ҲˣԪˣһʼ漶ս
˺Ȼһʼ漶ǿҪ򿪴ĹȻֽ𺳡
ĹֻĽƣ޷򿪡ǿ߷һ㣬Ͻ
ǿʩչĽƣ𣬺ųƲ࣬Ǹ磬Ͳܴơ
ܶͷ¶żɫ˱ɽȻԸֶ顣
ǣȴûԸȥǿпĹˣΪܣĽ̫ǿˣһ׼ǿг֣Ҳᱻɱ
ԣĽƣ޽ģҪֱѪ棬Դ򿪡ʼ漶ǿ߿ڣ۲һЩŵ
ֱѪǶһۣԷеľ衣
ֱѪֻǿ֮ѪУֱָѪҪгɲУҪ벽ѵľ硣Ǹǿ߼˵
һ˱סһ壬е˰벽ѣȻǱѪ
ܶ÷̽Χˣû˿Զ㿪
ܿ죬ֱѪ˳Щ˱ֱӻɱǵѪڴĹ֮ϡ
ĪΪüͷ֮Щŭ˸ղʼ漶ǿһۣһ
ͻȻŷоԼˣһʼ֣ȻҪɱ
ŷֱӷסǸʼ漶ǿߵĹȻ֣һ˶Է
˺Ȼ̲סŹŷ硣
һֱѪȻ֪ʲôʣǾԱȸղżǿ󡣡Ǹɵʼ漶ǿߴ󺰵
ĻʱһЩǿ߽Ŀⶢ˹ŷϡ


2315 ĹеĴ
ֱѪΪףȴ֣ĺҳ
ɱ˵ˣֹŸˣֻаֱѪֳһȻĿⶼ˹ŷϡ
ɱȡѪƾǣŷ˵ֶվȻֻǰ벽ѣʼ漶ǿ߶ӡ
һֱѪ޷ҳĹֻѪԨһ۾ǿߣǺɫģ˸⣬Ѫ
Ļ˵һͷߺգѹ񷣬ŷɱ˹
ʼ漶ǿߣÿһǱѪҪɱ㣬ĹһԿŷ綢סǸǿߣЦ˵
վһߣϢͷųȥסĪΪˡ
ŷûйǣֱӳ֡
ֻظ֣ȥѹָ䣬ͷųµϢ
ǸǿߣһܵһΣաҵӴ⣬йۣ³ȥ
һ˲䣬ضҪһϢնɱ
ŷƣ͹ײһﱬ޴ĲòΪʼ漶ʿ˳ȥ
ŷᣬֱӳ˳ȥ
ǿƣ罣ٻֱն䡣
ǳ飬ʱնߵˣڣȫһ֮ϣ֮
貵Ľ⣬һħΪ֮Ĳ£ǺӣݻһУһƽΣһŴǣͷųµ
Ǿ˵һѣĩս٣һҪһ
߳˻ǳƣһſŴǶڷ⣬ͷųµû֮У߸ӴҪ档
³ɱһֱɱҲɫĶȻʼ漶ǿ߶̲סɫ
һЩʿֱܲӻһŧˮʧ䡣
ɱ򽣹˹ȥһͬɽһִĽնƲ񷣬䡣
䡣
﷢ըɱס˹ŷĹȴܣӴںˣһһȾѪ޴ըѪڴĹ֮ϡ
Ĺ⣬һŻҪһ
ʱһͷնֱӽ˺ˡǻҲһʼ漶ǿߣĶͷʱߵ
ŷɨ˻һۣмԷûа˼ֻǶԼĵ侮ʯѡ
Ҫŷĸмһ꣬ɫĳ죬һĹ֮гȥ
ĹֱѪ࣬ѾŻ
ȥĪΪ˵ùŷ·
ɫһ㶼ǵȻȴ˸ž⣬Ȼͬһƽ
ߡ
ŷ˵Яˣ˴Ĺ֮С
ͬʱЩǿҲȥе໥֣ȴ˹ŷ磬ղǿߵսѾ˵ʵһһʼ漶ǿ߶Ҫµˡ
ڹŷߣǷǳĴݡ
͡
һ˹ŷ֡
ŷЦһȻĪΪˣֱɱ˹ȥ
һǿ߱ҳһ飬ֳֳ쳣ǿ󡣲վǹŷĶ֣ʩչֶΣѹһȫֱ֣ӽˡ
һʼ漶ǿ߱ɱ𺳡
۹Ȼ鴫һŻϢӣɳɤӵ˵ֻǶŹŷЩ䡣
ۣһ˵˶ʱ¶Ȼɫǻɻ󣬵ʲôˣȻǿƣ԰벽ѵľ磬ɱһʼ漶ǿߣһôɣ˾ȻǾۡ
ͻƵ벽ѣһ׼𣬻ʼ棬Ǳ֮뿪
ս
ڣۼɱһʼ漶ǿߣֱͬ̽ȡһЩˣ۵ʵȷʵɲ⡣
˰ɣҪңȻĻһɵġŷԼ촽˵
ǸԱɫһɫ쳣ѿĿ˹ŷһۣվûиұ
Χһֱ˵ŷǴʱǲܵ۵İȻܹġ
ɱһʼ棬вʼ漶ǿߣöԷһ仰˵飬Ҳֻоֻоܹˡ
ǰɹȥһƬǿգȻǵٶȣҲʮ֮󣬲ǼĶ
һƬѪһԨסǵȥ·
ǿ֮УѪ죬ʱһչֳµǧߵ˻
ŷϵѪ֮гԵüС˾η
ֻѪԨĪΪڣΪŷ͡
оתһ


2316 ֻת
ûע⣬ΪĪΪʵǿһ쾳ʿҲڱĵطƸ֡
㲻ʲô
ŷȥоһҲҪȥ
վסǸ߳ʱһ𣬵סǵȥ·
ǸɫƣŹŷˣһ˿⡣
ʲôŷüЩˡ
ɫһŻ˵ɣ֪ʵǻ֮еǿһ壬ڲǰ㲻ʲô
ǿƣһǿߣǷǳ⣬ͷȻҪѹˡ
ѹ𣿺ǺǣҲڱʱҶǲ໹ЩɵʱȴһҸͲںЦһм
һɫѿ˵ɣʲô˼
ǺǣΪҲ֪ˣֻһ˿תֻҪܹҵֻĴСָĪΪ˵
Ļ˶Ŀ˹ɫȣĪΪϣһ˿ڴ
ģһѯʣ̬ӣǶﻯΣһ
һȣŹŷǵȥ·ɫᡣ
ȻģҵĸоûһϢϢһģһɴЦ˵Լķ֡
ʱ߰ʼ漶ǿߣס˹ŷǵȥ·
Ҫɱˡŷ絭˵ϴһסĪΪɫƽ˼㡣
ҪͲΪ𣿡Цвλǿߣ˱ɫЩԥ
֮䣬ɲֹֻ㲻һҡһˣ磬ÿһ缸ڷ⣬һŴȻͬһһ㣬ɲ⡣
˸ղź͹ŷ緢ͻˡڹؼʱ̳֣׼ŷ֡
ΪУûôżǷǳڿ죬ѲĹӲɣŷ絭һЦɫ֮г˳
˵˵Ǹ˴ŭɫŭݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫһ
ʵˣͲˣҪɱң֣ܳ˸ʼ漶ǿΣкξ壿ŷЦôǿߣȻ塣
ͬԼ˵һ˸ʼ漶ǿΣһս
úԸ;һ֣ӭսе֡Ц졣
˵֮ǰԹŷ绹ΪЩĿĶӽЩˣǹŷˣʵټǿʱ֮ĺܡ

ЦĶˡ
벽Ѷѣʹų׵սǵĶ֡ǿ߿ڣΪºۣʼ漶ǿߡ
ѣȻҪҵȾͳȫǡЦŷǵ֮гɱ⡣
ĪΪû˵ֻվڹŷĻ֮УЩˣɫ˵ƽ
ֻתȡ컯ԺҲԳΪǸĴڡһǿߣ쳣̬ۻ룬һ˫ɫģŹŷ缸ˣĺɢ
ͷʨӡһ
ǿߣͽʨʵȴȽʨҪǿһ֡
Ȼ֪ŷݵģǲǺ⣬ʲôۣһûбҪע⡣
ԡŷЦסˣһս
ۣ̫ˡΪҵɱ𣿡һͷߣʱЦޱȡ
֮еһ𣬵ǸղȴΪŷԭ߱ɱ߱ŭк͸˹ŷ硣
ʵϣǻɱߣ߲ǻĶֻ֣ҹŷ鷳
ϻ̫ˣҪֵĻͲҪ£ûе֣Ǿ͸ϽҹһɱȫŷĮ˵˻һܶ𺳣ʵ̫ǿˣһôǿߣȻ˵ĻҪɱԷȫ
Ҫֻ֪һ˶ѣôɱЩȫͲܵġ
ɱ
սȣһǿߣնȭͷɱŷ硣

ŷĻӦܼ򵥣ȭͷȭͷ
ֻءʵʥӡȫһ𣬴˳ȥԷȭͷײ
䡣
һ죬Էˣһ˫첲ը
ǸǿɫȻŵĶŹŷ磬Ϊʼ漶ǿߣɾս壬Ȼŷǿʵ޷š
ǣʵǰȴòţԼȷʵǹŷĶ֡
ʲôҲҵצӣ׼δظҡŷЦŭ
ǿƵ˼㣬˵Ļһɾ˵ɱ⡣


2317 ɱʼ
ŷĻ̫ˣǾ۵Ҫ׼˾
Ű벽ѶѣʵҲȷʵ˵ֻʸ
ҪǾɱңҵ֪˭׼ΪᣬȻҲܹһˮʯ١ŷЦ˵
ĪΪŷ籣ߣɫƽһ㶼ǰ龰վûпˣѪ
ţһˮҲ⡣Цվڹŷߣǳᶨ
˱̬ЩԥǷֲŷǷʵĿ׼ǿһ뻹Ҫˮ
ƴһˣ˭ҲԸ
ղ쳣ǿƣҲЩֹüͷʲô˵ҪսҲֹΪߵһˣ˭Ҳ
ĪΪ֮ںѪͨ졣
ʲô˺Ȼ˵
Ѫڣ̫ھˣǶŵˣҪʲôֲһ
޳и޳ȫ졣
ЩǴ˵֮еĴڣʱ֮ޣо޴ޣЩ˵е࣬µ˼㡣
ǣͻȻ̲סһ
Ĵʼߺ죬ʧţȻˡ˾ǾǿߣһӰΪ飬Ѫ֮Ϣˡ
׼𼶱ĴڣҪΪˣȻΪʬ
Ǹǿߵ۾ͺˣ˳ȥҪջǴʼߵʬ壬ǵ飬ʬ岻ܹ
ǣûѪһ̣֣һ⣬գ
º۱ɫ⣬סһ
ɫѪɽº۱򱬣ԪԼһЩѪ⣬ֱӷ˳
ɫȻŵĶǵӰѾȥʧȥôǿʵ
ŷ۾⣬ڹ۲Ǹ졣
ԷüģһϢ̾ںüģΪ
䡣
ͻȻһɿµϢֱӸ˹ŷĹ۲졣
ɫ΢䣬һ¶ȵɫ
켫ǿȻȥţûпݽߣұʲôƿţȻԱǿ
Ȼŷ磬ղŶһ㱻ˡ
ôܣºʵ
ЩʬıйϵĪΪ˵Ļ
ѣڳ˶Ѿ֪һ㣬ΪʱĪΪ⣬һַûֻѪ֮Уڡ
ŷЩͷۣһѾˣӦֻĲתпֻˣ϶Ҫһǰʵġ
ǣ̫أùŷץĳ嶯һ˶ȺۣȻʱסЩˣҲֻʱģ˾òԣ϶֡
ߵһЩǿȻϧȴŴǲΪѡʧȥʵĻᡣ
ԣֻҪǿһЩϣǿ϶֡
ùŷһ˶սЩˣǲңֻĻЩֵá
ĪΪļŷ羹ȻվסˣǺˣɫȻ
ĪΪɢһɺ嫵ϢѪһǿ˼㡣
ŷоˣǳϢǿ󣬿ֲޱߡ
ֻ𡣡Ȼ˵һ̣Ȼ˹ȥҪһڽĪΪȥ
ɹˣԿԵõĪΪĲֵһʼ˵һĲֵΪһˡ

һȺʼ֣ɱ
ʱȻǿҲ˾ֵɫһǻУѪȾء
һȺʼ漶ǿߵĹҪֱӸɱǿҲܵסġ
ǿʩչͨվӹһ١
Զɫ԰ףȻղŵһܵ˿µش
ڴʱŷˣɱ
ɫתߡ
ӵм٣ÿ
ǹŷٶȸ죬һͷҡֱϣֱӵ˻ǰ
ɫĳɨ䣬ɳȥŷ绯Σڷ⣬һ¡
һ̣飬Ԫ
ŷ֣ɱ˻
˺Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˿£Ѿָɱĵڶʼ漶ǿߡ
һ̣ŷ綢ºۣºɫ䡣
ͬϣʩչֱ˺һƬأ뿪
ŷ֣ᴩգƿʱգ˻
˼սǽɱԡѪȻŷ綼ˣȴս磬ʮ֮ڣºۡ


2318 սǻ
ǿ߱ɱ⾪סˣ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿơ
մȾѪԼģҲбˣʱվ£ʼ涼Ҫη
׼𼶱սԲκθ߹
̫ˣҪ֪ŷ粻Ű벽Ѱ
˭붯֣ŷʵ
˻һܶ˶¶ηɫ
С̫Եˡһ߲˵
ǳƣڽ£ɢǿϢ
ǣǻԹ档˾
ǻԹ棬һµǿߣҲѾʼ漶ǿˣǿ󣬽׼ľ磬ŷ綼̲סȣ׼ʵ̫ˣһԳ̤Ǹ硣
ٵΪֹѾ׼ˡ
֮е׻жĴڣң֮еѣҲ̫١
ֻǣǺٳ˵ǰʹˣ޵еľ磬˭Ҳܿ
֣ŷʵ
ǣۣ̫ˣ򣬲磬ֲҰǻԹЦתϢ죬Էᵽ磬ŷһѵ֮ʲô
ȻĻ˵硣
ûҰֻҪ¶ѣҪսұսҪôϻŷ絭˵
죬ŶԷɱ絶
׼Σҳֽɱ㡣ŷǿƣȳɱĻȫǳԾǾҲʵ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ɱ׼ȻϿ𼶵ս˵ŷܹɱ׼һ㶼š
̫ˡǻԹɫ࣬ĮޱȣŹŷ磬ΪԼ˭Ǹ컯𣿻Ҫɱңΰɡ
ɫᣬһ˿˵컯춼δɱңʲô
ΧȫǳԾ컯죬ǲ֮еǿ𣿴˵֮Ψһĳ
ֲǻҪŷ֣ԭȻ컯֮й֡ӣȻǳԿˡ
ҵһ㶼֣Ͼ컯ǳǻˣȻܹȫѹơ
һܹΪˣͨˣ϶ǿ˾ߡ
컯ܹ㣬ֻǾһ棬ûɱѣܹģҲܹŷ絭˵ǿƣˡ
Ϊŷ緢֣˰ĪΪ֣ȴûһôһǿסĪΪȻ׼޷˵
Թŷſ˹˼Ҫȫսһ׼
ȳֻ֣УֱӽǻС
䡣
ǻҲ֣һǳǳ֣һĪΰֱѹ¡
ǳޱȣǻԣһѹǬΧնˣһжڡ
ŷָֻأһУǳסȻ󱬷ֱӽǳ顣
ײһ֮ǰһлޡͬʱˣɫء
컯컹ҪʵȻˡǻɫȻɫЦ˵컯ʼ漶ʱ򣬽һܣҵĵģôʱ䣬δ𾳽磬Ҿնɱ
Χ¶ĵɫһҲ̫Ц˰ɣ컯ܡӦ컯ȥһսȴңҪնɱһ
㻹ҪİܼŷɫĮǻ档
Է磬Ѿ֪ˣ컯컹ҪĽ׼ľ磬ֻΪûн볬Сʵ϶൱ֲ
ŷ޾壬ҪܶԷ֤컯춼Ҫ㡣
Ǻǡ
ǻЦɱ˹ȥ
ǳУȻһըµĲŷɱȥ
ŷ糤ХֱӲӲ
⣬ͷųԣӶȭͷ˸ţһһѹһ硣
䡣
ըӰо
ŷڷ磬ӽ˸콣״ħսݺ
Ȼһ׼𣬵Ҳ㹻ǿƣ
Ǽսϸ죬ȻûѪ֮С
Щޣһ죬Ǵʱȴ˱ܣȻֻʬ壬Ҳһǣ֪ܹǹŷˡ
˺ȻѪ׶񣬴ʱž۱䣬Ȼʼ漶ǿߣ޷ɣǴʱˣȴûС
Щ޶ҷ±꼰ȫ㿪
ǳѪս
ŷѪһ˺ۿޱȡǻҲܣҲˣͷ­ǲһ㱻ŷնˡ
˺Ȼ˶̫ǿˣսزҵľ


2319 ɱ׼
ϵһѪɳԻа벽ѵǿߡ
ʿУֱը飬
ǴʱŷѾ˲ЩˣǼҲɱȫԡѪڣսرĵز
ܶ˺Ȼ˵ǰȻʼ棬ҲֻȻʧɫĵز
ŷ糤Х˷𶯣һ֣ɱԷ
ǻ汻ɳȥ𣬲һȫը飬֫ķѣȴԴճһ
ʱڿٵء
ŷ类Уһ㱻룬Զ
ľҲ̫ˣסĹȻκһˣѾˡ
ǹŷ˲ٻָǼս
ǳը飬ǻתѹǬ
ŷһȭ֮£޾ǳ£ֱӽԷɳȥ
ǻȾѪȴͣһ£Ȼ˹ŷ֮ϣŶˡ
ֻء
ŷȣֻأֱڶԷϡ
һɿµֱӽǻнɱ
ǻҽУ¶־ɫһɿµȻĥıԴ
ĥһ
ŷֻ֮ƬɳһƵսףϣӣס˺ܶˡ
Ǵ˵еֻսף˾Ĳš
ڳʿǿߡЩصĴУ֪ңԶԶŵһЩ顣
ϳֻսףһɫ
ԣֻƬѵ˵ģνֻƬֻһǿߵķѡЩʼ뵽һЩ
˻һ춼𶯣漰һЩµأڤڤ֮еһ־иУס
˺Ȼ⵽ʲôӵĴڣֻؾȻֻķ
֪Ȼǳ𣬿Ҳûôʵ
𺳵ǹŷ磬ӵֻƬȻƣûȫǲζδҲΪĴڡ
ŷ粢ЩֻսףԷս罣ر飬Ǭ߸
ۡ
Է롣
һ̣ǻָ֮ͫУɳٵء
ŷ飬˲ָ飬սûһη壬ٴγȥ
˾һ𣬲ҵ˼㡣
ŷ糤Хʩ֣һֶϻȳһ㽫ǻɱ
ǻɫ쳤ХָȻһǻ£ŷѹС
ŷ飬ԪȴѪչµĹԪ񻯽ֱӹɱǻԪ
˺Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˷ֱʯٵһ̬
ǣҲܹǿƵزûɵģߵһķǷֲá
ǻŭֱܡ
Ԫս˺ܿ˲һ
Թŷ˷Ĺˣûһս
ʱ򣬹ŷ籬չµľɱ
ǻɫ֪ˣԼЩԱŷҵ˻ᡣ
Σˣŷ̫ǿƣһ壬ʱȫչ˿µĹ
ǺȻӵйŷ籾սĿ´ڣ뵽˾۵Ĵ˵ӵһͨ
λͨǻ溧Ȼо˿־ˡ
Ȼ׼𣬵ǹŷͷȴо̫ˣЩëȻ
Ϊڹŷϣ˼˵ӰӣЩ˶ͨ쳹صĴڣһɱ
ǻѾ磬ҲǵĶ֡һŭЩˣҲᱻ㡣
뵽Ļ̿ˣӵĲҵֿĹŷĹ
ֻǼУ㱻ˡʵĴΧʵ޽⡣𺳣ֲùŷղǿƣһȺۣһ˵ǸĴڣҪɱ׼ҪĴ̫ˡ
ɱһˣŷ綼Ѿǫˣ׼ʵҲԺɨˡȻһǻ棬κǡ
ʱǻΣյĵز֮ǰĻܹߣȴˣӲ
״񣬱ҪնɱŷģǴʱԼȴҪնɱˣȵĲģҪˡ
ѾߵһпʶС
ڣȴҪˣ˭ϣ˭Ҳܸĵġ
鲻־Ϊתƣŷ֣ǿƶԵֱӺɱ
ǿǻ棬α򱬣ѪȾ졣ǿָֿͣ
һ׼Ȼ׾ܹɱģǹŷҲһҪɱǻ棬ҪúֶܶΡ
սڼѾûˡ
գǻ汻ɱѪȾ
Щ˺Ȼһ𺳡
һ׼ˣ𺳡
׼Ѫ䣬ѪӷˣһӰѪ֮УȻǱɱǻ档


2320 
״̬ͺһʬ壬ȴӵǰĸ
ʱĪΪˣѪ̤֮𶯣ѪȻСĪΪϢڲͣǿ
ãõֻеĴУڳֻɱҲֹܹһĵ˴Ҫȡ컯
ʮʼ漶ǿͬʱ֣ɱĪΪ
ŷɫأδ
ʱĪΪתֻǿʮʼһۡ
ʮȫը
˺Ȼȫɴ۾ʲôܣһۿȥʼ漶ǿȫը飬Ҳֲ̫˰ɡ
ĳΪˡǿ߲˵
֮Уֻһ˵ǴʱȴĳˣǼֱΪԼΡ
Ȼֻ֪ѪԨֻأǵûһ˭Ҳҿ϶
ȷʵϢ׼ȫһϣһ򣬳Խ֮ϣܡ𺳵˵
ִڣһ붼
Ŵ˵еĳ͸ܣΪղĪΪѾΪڹһ㣬ֻһ⣬ʮʼ漶ǿ߶ըˣʵĳԽǵ
Ǻȣͬһû˿ɱԡ
ĪΪԼĽŲʱû˸ˣȫעĪΪж
ĶѪСһѪɫԨǵǰ·ϣȻʼ漶ǿߣҲܺɣֻһĪΪվǰŲã֮ѪתϢһɢ֮Ϣһ۾ɢϢ
ֻֻأһС
˶֪һֻ֤Ȼô򵥣п϶кܶ޷ȥĶ
ڻˡĪΪ̾ϢһëȻǰֻ
˵ĻǶĴĹ֮УǸǶôĿ¡ԷһǨŭЩˣ˭ܹ뿪
Ȼһ׼𣬿¶ǲܵ飬ӲһĻɱ
ϲˡŷһܶһ
ǶԹŷŭĿӣһǸֻעⲻǰ
˹ŷһۣĪΪ¶һĨЦݣ˵ͷ˵ҪлѣûеѵĻͣ޷صģҲ޷һǰ
лԺҾˡŷֱ˵һ㶼
Щɣ˵һʵе̫ˡеǣԼΪŷԭ򱻲һŭǻɱˡ
ĪΪһ㶼ûЦŵͷ˵ŵѣֻҪҪҿ϶֣ȵѴﵽ磬չһ
ܿΪһ𣬾Ȼ˵ĻĿɿڴ
ֻѾع飬ǿ뿪ˡĪΪĿ⿴ˣʧȥ˶Թŷĺɫ
̲ס̣ԴرһЩʼ棬ǳǲԼһ벽Ѳȥ
ȻҲֻ룬ȴ˵
һŭ޷ܵġ
ҵȻߣЩ㡣ŷ˵
зǳʣҪһһ¡
ĪΪͷûоܾĳԹŷ̬ȣе㲻ͬѰǶԴԵ÷ǳ
ͲһԴ̬ȣǶһͬˡһСùŷЩͷԡ
һҲƤ񣬸ڹŷߣٲȻһӣȻҲˡ
ùŷˣʹҲЩΡ
̬Ȼһˡ
һǿߵĽڲٶûУŷ뵽ԼǰΪϵͷòʱıҪûнڲٰٱ
ĪΪһһ˹վڹŷǵǰԼϢȻĻĻŷ˭Ҳܲס
ҪʲôĪΪʵ
ʶ컯𣿡ŷ絹һ㶼ֱʵ
컯죬ĪΪ˼һ£ҡҡͷ˵컯ˣֻ֮Ĳ˵ӦǺʵӦúǿȴһ㶼˽⡣
ӣŷһ¡
ĪΪȻ۾
죬۾¶һ˿ɫ˵ôܣڤڤ֮еЩ־ʧˣҸӦĴڡ
ڤڤе־ʲôŷüⲻӦǸΪĶ֮ϡ
ˣǹ֣ȴ޷׽ֻҪ֪Ǹ־һУǴѣſԶȥʹ𣬶ƿ֮УȻҲ˳ƺǸ־ΪסĪΪ͵


2321 ֹ
ѲĳѣŷǾסˡ
ʲôףû˵ҲˣĪΪȴ˵ˣȻˡ
ǵһʲôӵĶųܣȴǸ־Ŀ¡
ҲȫƣֻӰһЩҲԸӦһֱڱ⡣ĪΪ˵
𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
ЩĿ˹ŷһֻۣͷ
ŷһȻ¶ˡ
һ𣬶Ҫżֱ̫ˡ
ҶţλƵĽѣҶȥˣһΣȴ㲻ȥˡĪΪ˵
ŷһĪΪ
һ㣬ŵľ֣˶ҪǣУĹع飬ѵǿ߽λ涼ҪȫҪˣЩˣһ֮̾Щӡ
ΪʲôҪսŷ̲סʵ
˹ŷһۣĪΪЦ˵ܼ򵥣
Ȼֻһ֣ȴùŷ̲סüͷߵǸ磬Ȼ
̲סЦ԰ɡ
Ϊƿλ棬˵Щ˵ԣҲΪսҪȥҪһƬ졣ĪΪŹŷ磬ڸѡ
ŷ΢΢ͷһƬ죬ĪΪ˼
㻹ʲôҪʵġĪΪʵ
𣬵һʲôӵˣŷʵ
ĪΪݡ
ȻҲˣĪΪ̲ס̾
Ļŷ֪ĪΪ϶֪һС
춼Ҫ϶һֻǣŷʵǲԸһλʲôõͼ
ֻһĪΣ˵Լ͵һС
ģ㲻ģλ֮УΪӽѵǿߣ˵ľ磬ʵѾԽˣֻһУ⣬֮ԺӴʲôţǾԲ㲻ĪΪǳ϶˵
Ǹ飬Ӧֻǵһħų˳ȥʲôҪļһĻţҰĪΪ˵ֱ꣬ӵָ
ĪΪһ֮УһԴϱһѪȻڵϣޡ
컯ߣһĻ̲סɴ۾
ʲôˣȻ˲ɱ飬Ȼһ׼Ҳ
쳤ХĴѰֵ䣬ȴʲôûз֡һ֣ǸͲҵġ
Ǹһе˼Ӧþ컯һ¯ɡĿ컯һۣĪΪȵ˵
컯һ¯ŷ¶ɻɫ
컯ķȫ컯ǶֻϣһֿµĹҶǺ˽⡣ĪΪ͵
ŷЦԭΪ֪˺ܶණǺ̸֪֮Լ֪Ķ̫ˡ
ʣֻǹ˹֣׼뿪
ԥһ£Ҫʲô⣬վûʳ
С֪еɻԳΪ𡣡ĪΪЦ˵Ȼ˵ô϶Ļ
ģ㾪ȣȴЩɣĪΪҲֻһѣôܹô϶
˹ŷһۣĪΪЦ˵·ϡ
㿴˹ŷһۣ΢΢ͷȻǺĪΪĻȴ˼һֱڹŷߡ
ŷЦԼ֪ôΪĪΪȴ˵˵·ϣʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
עסҵĻҪų֮Щ𡣡ĪΪ
ŷһ֪ĪΪӦû֪һЩʲôֻûи
˵ͷˣ뿪
ֻѪԨ£Ǵδֹһ
ŷֻѪԨŻλã֮о˸
һع飬ζʲôһָо裬һµĴҪˡ
֮£ΪϡŷҲ⣬ҪģԼʵﵽЩһľ硣
ֹģͷۣΪ޵˾ܹˣû뵽ھȻߵһҪΪԼԺǡŷЦ뵽Լ֮ǰһЩ뷨Щ죬̫ˡ
һ·ӷˣߵڣ̫ĶҲʧȥ̫Ķ
վλòһĶҲһǰźܴĲ
ٹŷ֪ڻܹΪʵĲǿ
Լ˼ʱһֻ£ֱŷץ˹ȥ
ʲôˣŷɫȭ졣
䡣
һ죬ŷ絹ɳȥס㣬ûˡ
һߵǱˣѪ
Ȼ˵
ŷֱӽһۣ˵һȥ
󣬹ŷɱֻ֡


2322 ǰ
ֻչսȣѪڣս˾ߡ
ȻŷȻɱǻ棬Ǻˣʵǻ֮ϡ
Ǵʱһֻǰ޷ѹƹŷ磬Ȼһս
ŷúܼѣȴս졣
ͨһҪնֻ֡
ֻϣһϼŷ£ÿһϼⶼ̺žķ
ǿͬŷ磬ͣĵˣǳܲס
ŷܳȣһдȥ춯ء
ǿµһսס˺ܶˡ

ڹŷֵֻֽʱһ
һɨ䣬ֻ档
ֵֻѪһܵ˴ˡԳ֣ɨޱߣ࣬ضҪ󣬴ʱչ˿µĹ
ŷҲ֣ͬǿƣҪٵֻ֡
ֵֻסǼУѪģջˡ
ŷضգȴֻһ𣬽˺ѣֱ뿪
ǿ󡣡ŷɫȻ
ҪΪˣҲǶ֡ԳȻԼǶԷĶ֡
ĵ֣δֱ̫ˡԳ濴ŷ磬ɫ̾
ŷЦЦɫȴ쳣ѡ
޷Σܹôʱ䣬ǶҪҵǰŷȻ˵Ǵֺ꣬顣
ãǾۣҪȥչˣԺļһδҪӭս˱ܵĻҲһð취ȵɳʱȥ˶ԷϾ˭ܹһֱ޵еģʱ̫ˣҪʱԼԳ濴˹ŷһۣѵ
İɣ׵ģǰߡŷЦЦ
Գ뿪һ̤ʧڹŷǰ
ɫԳ뿪ķٿһ۹ŷ磬ԽԽùŷмֵˡԼԻɱһ׼𣬶һѡ
ЩǹŷһǺ͹ŷˣӵһǱǿߣܹӵǱǿߵһˣΪʲôԼϴһҪ£ŷ磬ʵ̫Ҫˡ
ų㣬ŷ֣˵ˣҲҪˡ
һ¡Ͻһ
ŷЩɻ󣬿һۡ
Ƽǲ࣬Ը;۽ˡɫ棬Źŷ磬˵Ļ
ŷ翴һۣ룬ԣҪҽ˵
һ񣬱Ϊŷܾȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼͬˡ
ʱ¶ɫȻóһöݸŷ硣
ֻҪԸǰʲôʱ򶼿ԣȻׯصǣӭӾۡɫ£һӡ
һŷ罫˵ͷ
໥뿪
㿴һ۹ŷ磬Ȼڵȴȥ
Щ飬ȥˡŷоһڵʵԽܶ飬Թŷ粻ȥˡ
Ȼһ棬ҲֻܹҪһЩ顣
ûʻ֪ŷһԼ
Ȼŷ˵֮һѣҪȥͬʱɱһˡ
ŷӦҹҪ˽֮󣬽УҹɱȻ뿪磬ʵһÿ顣
֮УӦûܹסǿߡ
Ǹһʼ滹׼𣿡ʵ
ŷŵҪɱˣ϶򵥣ҲӦһʼ漶ǿߡ
ŷһŹ֣β˵һ޵С
ʲô°ͶڵˣһԾԼǲˡ
ŷ羹Ȼһ޵УҪȥɱ쳣
ԹŷʵּĴڣָɱԷ
һǧǰĳŵǸʱʵûôǿѾ㹻ˣӦԼĳŵˡŷЦ˵
뵽ǰһеĸоһ·ߵһҲһǿˡ
𲻳֣ȻǿߣҲɱ˹ŷ硣
Ҫߣֻס
Ҽ̬һˡ̲ס˵
ԲڿЦһǧʱ䣬Ӹ޵Уڵʵֱ̫ˡ
Կ϶Ǹʱŷľδؽ˸޵С
ŷЦֱ˺Ѵ֮ϣһ
һͬǰ
Źŷ뿪֮עȫ˻
˺ãϣһμʱѾ𣬿ԻסˡԳ૵˵ŷĶˣûйŷĻһܱסԳԹŷǳ˸мˡ
Ҫסŷ磬ΪԳҲԼ쵽һЩûи߹ŷ磬ֻҪΪ𣬾аջסŷˡ


2323 
޾ǳ׺֮УɢӲãϢ
ŷ㲢Уǵ֮С
ǽٵʱһɺ嫵־ǵϡ
ŷ۾һУһǣ飬ȴ˽Уһġ
Ӧǿ߽٣ԻȻڵȴŷ˱̬
Ͼ벽ѣðȻһ֮Уᡣǵʵʵ̫ǿˣûа벽ѵ棬ԱǸδܹס
λѣʲô飿ѯʣҪŪ˵Ŀġ
£ŷȻڽ䱸һŷǷѵĻҲڵһʱ֡
ŷ絭һЦ˵Ǿۣ֮һ֮Уһѵġ
ۣ֮ʧˡ˵òȻҲо˹ŷĲ
֪Ҫҵ˭ҵǿ԰æٴ˵ŷפ̫ʱ䡣
򲢲ǿ벽ѣһˣǿֻǸ޵С
ŷֳϢǸ벽Ҫǿ̫ˣ»ᷢʲôͻ
Ǹ˽ҹӦ֪֮УӦǱȽǿһʿ˰ɡŷ絭˵
Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ҹѾ뿪򡣡
ŷɫһʱףǷʲôˡ
ҹ뿪ǲܵģǣƻǲܻ뿪ġڵȹŷ𣬰ɱ
ƭҡŷЦֱ˵
ʱɫףƭŷĻǺпҪһսˡ
ҲҪ죬뵽㾹Ȼһּĸо
ԿǿƵҪ죬ǾԲܵġǿƵȻһ׼𣬵ҲԲȥ
쳣ᣬδܹκδսޱߣĿ˵ȼ׼
ǣŷȴʵһҪͻ϶ɱһ졣
ڹŷԸǳ˾֮ʲô鶼ܹĳˡ
ɱһڹŷ˵ʲô˵顣
ҵ׷ʲô飬ȻĻҳɱ㡣ŷɱ죬ڵĵط
ȻסȴͲģʱԳ֡
һʱ֮䣬ŵ˼㡣
㲻ֻһ벽ѶѣȻ˵һǳһǿߡڷ٣磬Źŷ磬ΧһһǿƵ˼㡣
ﻹû˵ĵطŷ翴һֱۣӳ֡
ǵȫ飬סŷһգƻ󣬽Ǹ벽ѷС

Ǹ벽Ѿŭ¶Ȼɫǿƹˣ֮У֮⣬˵޵С
ͬǰ벽ѵĹŷ磬Ҳûκμɵǹŷһ֣֪Լˡ
Ȼǰ벽ѣҲŲġ͹ŷ֮Ĳ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
ֻһ㱻飬Ѫģܵشǹŷ֣Ѿɱˡ
ԪݳȥȻĶŹŷ磬һ仰˵ˡ
ıŵˣŷ̫ǿˣһɱ
ڹŷϣǸ벽һۣԷһؿЩơǸ벽ľֻһŮӶѣ׷ڹŷߣȻʵۣ޷ǡ
һ䣬ҹŷʵһǺӵתŷ룬һ
ɫ䣬Ȼʶ˹ŷʵȴһûУĻش𣺡˵ˣ֮С
ŷ׷ʡ
һҪһƳƨһʵ̫īˣȻһĲ˵ŭ
֮С˵
ڻǻش˹ŷ磬ϾȻ飬Ҳܵ˹ŷвűıܡ
Σʲôطŷüͷ
ûһطǿԿ϶Բһ㡣
ǸطʱͻȻ̲סһ
֪ŷ¶ȵɫ
һ㶼֪ǸνΣԲʲôõط
һأֻѪԨҪ£֮УЩ汻߻ɱԹ𣬾ͻᱻ֮УҲиǿߣȥߵĶʼ棬ԣҲбӡĹֻҪȥˣͲܳСףŷ͡
ŷɫʱٶʼ棬һ޵бУ϶к³ŭˡ


2324 ս
˭֣ŷ綢ʵ
û˵Ȼصŷ⡣
ҪΪ˵ܹ⣬ǲĻʵҡŷǿޱȣв
Գԡ
Լ߹ŷҹڣѾ㹻ˣڹŷ绹˭ĳ֣Ͳشˡ
Ǹ֮лǺҪģпҪΪڶλ벽ѡ
ԣ߹ŷ硣
Ȼˣֻܹһսˡŷ̾Ŀ⣬˲Ҫֵı֡
ǿ󣬵ʱȴҲҵһػԼǰ档
ȻڹŷʵǱȽϾηġ
ŷûпĶЦһֱӳ֡
һֻ£˸Ųԣ򶼸˺ˡŷֱӹıԴҪԷ
𶯣ǹꪣĪܣŷĹ
ŷֻһߣ㽫ǹꪱ飬ּ̽˹ȥ
ʱճӡչֳͨʱ䳤Ӹ֣Ҫŷʱ䳤֮С
ŷſһ⣬סǬʱգһһӣֱӳ˳ȥ
նȳǿɱһµŷһաֱ֣ŷն
նνӦò飬ǹ
ɱУȻвĹ񣬵Ƕڹŷ˵ȴźܴв
巢⣬
һ̣Щסŷȫ飬ϣһա
ŷָ֣졣ǿֱӱաɹȣӿը飬ΪѤõ̻
ٸһᣬҪ졣ŷ磬
ͨˣǶԷ߹ŷ磬ŷչ졣
Ҳġ˵û̫ǿҵ
һ飬Ҳʱͻһѡ񣬵Ǻܿϧ顣ֻһ־γɵһڶѡ
ûηͺ¶ûУԹŷ緢в˵Ͳʲô
Ǿһսɡŷ˵ײ˵ˡ
һ̣ϵϢ˳׸ա
ŷɱȥҪɱһ
սﱻ֮ûͨսһԲеôףŷܵ˿µķ
ֻء
һŹⱬ죬ŷʩչֻأҪһֻ֮С
֮ϣתȻ˳ȥȴûиС
ŷ粢٣ʩչֶΣɱ
ǿߣȫ̲סΪǸܵ˿µĲѪںһħս
һµǿߣȻѹסˡ
ܶ˾ΪԼˣҪˣǸսˣӦҪһɡ
ǹƽһսŷսһܡ
Ǹ˭˿˹ŷݣ̲סʵ
ս޷Ĵڡܶ˺Ȼ
ŷݺָ䷢⣬һǺӴ䣬ȫը
սһŷ粻ҵ
ֻƬɳƵֻսףϣɢصĹ⡣
ֻء
ŷʩչֻͨӵĿˡ
ǿ˼ǴʱҲǱɳȥһķѡ
һܵش
һֶϻ꣬𡣡ŷʩչһֶϻ꣬Ǻӱ顣
ƬĴϨҪˡ鰧ֵ˼㡣
һЩʿҪӵ߻ȥǸڿնһĪѹǵϣڵϣ޷
Щ˾ֻܹȴ漣ĳ֡
ʵ纣ŷû
ãʱŷƵֻսף
ڼսǿʱԵ·硣
ŷ粻ͣĳ֣
ڲȣҪһ
һĩٵĸо
˵ŷֻ˵һ֣ȴϡ
˵ùŷŭ
ޱ飬ƿ罣һأ涼ֳˡ
ڣ罣ӵпµܣһˡ
貣ߵǬһз޷赲ǾϬһ
ĸܵвγһ֮ܣǰ
ǣ£ޱȣ·Ϊ㣬ֱӶһ֮ܣ롣


2325 
飬֮Уȫ
ޣܵΪġ
ŷ콣ɫȻ
˵
ֻһ֣ȴţŷϱһɾɱġ
Ĭһ𣬻һɱ⣬ȥ
ŷۣӶԼȭͷ磬ҪٵһС
飬һ㳹ɢŷ̫ǿˣѹһУͶ֮䣬޾ӿޱߡ
ɱҡ֮Уŭ𣬳ȥ
ڣȫ£γһ󶦣ŷΧУҪ
ŷͨͷų⣬򷨲֣Ҳ޷κ
䡣
ŷֱ֣ӱ󶦡
֮УǺӱãֻ̧һ棬ѹ¡
棬˳Ĺâְ˲١
ŷЦǿƣԵϣƿ罣һһĽ⣬ǧ磬ͷųܡ
һ̣ǿ˾ߣѪڣ
ǺӣƬը飬ʧǿ֮Уŷˣһξɱѹ䣬һ˲䳬˳ȥվ֮ϣšȻҲֻܹ棬ѹ
Уʼɢֽ⣬Ҫױٵˡ
򶼰ˣǳ飬ڣ֮һƬѪɫ
Ҫ䣬˾˵
ŷҪɱһˡ𺳣վŹŷˣսš
һ̣䣬ŷɱ
ס֡
ڴʱһ𣬴һ޵С
һ޵УѾ˰벽ѵľ磬ΪǸĴڡ
Ӣΰվ֮УѵĵֿŷϣһǺӵת
ҹǱҷģҪɱĻɱҰɣҪΪҽǸ˿ڣŹŷ磬ϣס֡
ûбҪЩ
Ȼ˾ԪףҪסһˡ
΢򣬽ա֪Ҫԡ
ʧȥһһǿ󣬷򶼻ᱻ衣
ԣ
ŷſŻʵΪҪҹ֣
Ϊҹˡ𵭵˵֮вûκεĸое磬ʵһжǳ򵥣˭ʵǿ˭ϴ
ҹǿԣҹʱ򣬻Խ֮С
ʲôϵŷͻȻһ䡣
һȴɫƽ˵˭
һʶӣȻǵĹŷ֡
ı֣ŷЦˡ
ûüͷŹŷ磬¶ǵɫ
Ȼ㲻ʶҾɱ֮ɱÿҶҹĳŵΪɱ˻ŷһ˿аЦ
ŷĻɫױˣŭŹŷ磬ҡ
ŷЦˣ˵Լͻ֮ûйϵʶǺȻƭġŷʲôˣȻҲһͷûأǹŷӣȴҪˡ
ҵĵܵܣɱ֮벻ҪɱŹŷ磬¶һ˿
ףŷҪɱӲǹŷĶ֣οǻ
ܡŷֱӾܾ
ޱȣŻ֮дһɱ⡣
Ǻǣֻܹˡɬ˵һ̣ϱһɿ񱩵ϢȻҪԱ
ŷûһ
Ǹһռڴ򿪣һӰڱС
εϢһ߹ŷ硣
ȻҪΣͽȥ
ߡŷֱһɱȻ㣬ûǸط
һˣɫʱǱˣǻ
ҲǴˣ֪ǻ֮У϶кýҪȥֻн֮С
ȻޱȣҲֻŷ粻룬Ҳһ·
Ҳ࣬ϧ͹˹ŷ硣
ŷֱӽ֮УȻҹ棬϶Ҫһ⣬ҹѾȥˣŷҲ͵ĥˡ
һֱһָоԼǱʲô˶סˣָоùŷǳҲζ˵һת
λˡһ󲨶һĮ
֮У޷򣬼ʹǵʵҲᱻסһӦ


2326 ֮
ƽŷ綢ŻֱӽС
ôܣһ𺳡
û뵽ŷΪɱԼȻζԸȥ
һɿµѹǵϣһ硣
ûκȫɿݵĺɫѪѣ棬Ǵꡣ
ҴӦҹҪɱ㣬ʵŵŷûй۲ܵĻʵ𣬷κλв
Ҫɱҡ˿־壬һ㶼롣
Ȼܹġ
ŷһ£ֱӱ飬ɱ
ˡ
̾ùŷΪɱһĴ̫ˣȻ֮С
˼㡣˺գص߱Ĵ򡣵Ȼıһסǳļͣǿ㣬޷˺ѡ
ŷܿһۣȻ˵ͷһµӣ˵Ǹõط
ʲôסˣһطȻ˵ǺõطùŷǷˡ
֪𣿡㷴ӦһƵŷʵ
ŷͷʾԼ֪
ΣֻҪ֮󣬾ͳȥˣ˵ӡһ񡣡һЦЩΡ
ùŷЩˣûнطϣ϶ҪԿġ
˳ȥǳȥһõطʱȥŷƵ˵һеӡ
Գȥˡ
ѣһҹɣﻷӦòɡŷɨһۣóۡ
ڴʱһצֱ
ŷ㶼ֱӱ棬ûзӦһŪûͷ
˶ûˣֵһ޵м飬һͷɫӥչɣʱ֮ȴһĨ̿֡
ɫӥоԼ˴鷳ˡҪһܣצӶѪԷ˻ͷһƶûС
ǻŭŹŷ磬һĻҲ̫˰ɣ˵껰ͱˡ
ȿȡŷɿҲһΡ
ҲЩջû뵽ͷɫӥֵôʱֱӴ
ŷ˵֣̽ӥץ˻
ͷɫӥҪߣʵܹ͹ŷȣֱӱץ˻
һӥԴͷӥͣСһ顣
һһͷɫͷ꣬ɫ֣̿Źŷ磬Ȼֱӹ
ˣҰɣҸղŲǹġܻ֣̿ŵ˼㡣
־ͽץˣҲǰ벽Ѱɣ˱֮УǴԹģҪɱֵ顣
Ҹղŷ֣ŷ͸ɸɵˡ
ϻ̫ˣ˵һʽŷû˵Ȼӥˡ
ӥһֻҪԷҪͺãֱӳ־ˡ
ƣӥһ£ֻ˵һ֣ҡ
ŷһֶû˵ֱһƳӥԴ档
ӥĽ˴֮Уڳ鴤۵ùǺ
ĴأĴزһӲ˼㡣Ȼ޵УҪ׻ٵһƬǳѣҪȫԸܹ
Լϻŷ絭˵
ӥɥɷôôϽ˵һңΪﶼǹѺǿߣ˭Ҳ˭ǿĹ졢졢죬Ѻ׼һһۣǷֱǷ񡢸Ǿ࣬ʣµıǸɢޣԸ˳ˣΪս֮Ҳǿߣֻһ׼Ķʼ漶ǿߣһЩɱ֮Թγɵ飬ʵӸ޵еʼ漶ǿ߲ȡ
Ȼǿһùŷ綼Щ⣬һ£ʵǺദ
ǹŷĵ⣬Ȼ׼𣬹ŷҲ壬һսδزǶԷĶ֡
ǣŷҪŪЩ˵ƶõʱ򱻴һֲ
ദȫǿʳ׼ǵͳ£ǰĵطֻҪûбǿ˿ɱ㡣ӥ뵽ʲôµһһ
ŷˣһǿʳ磬ӳģֻʵ
һ޵ӦģҹҪܹҵҿԴȥŷ綢ӥջ˵
ȥӥ۾ˡ
ɵĿŹŷ磬֮УͲܳȥȻһЩ׼Ҳһ޷߳һ
ģûа취ȥĻҲûбҪŷ絭˵


2327 
ӥڲ
ΣȫΪˣǿ棬һѹŶԷǸ֮еĺܴһֵ
֮У̫Σˣ쾳޾£ɳ˸޵о磬ȻϦʱ
֮ô׿Ҳһַй
ܹ뿪Ը⸶κδۡӥĻ˵̫Σˣ¡
㣬Ǹҹȷʵû˵ҪҹĻҿԴȥһЩطӥֱ˵ŹŷĻ
ģ׷Ҷûκλʹҳȥҵʵ󣬵ȴûܹ㡣ŷ絭˵Ȼƽȴһźͽ
ӥڸùŷĻе̫ˡ
㲻ţղ磬һɱһʵ֮ǿ֡һߵ㿴ӥ뷨˵
ӥɴ۾һɱһı飬ŷˣȻɱǷŹ˶Է
һǿߣҲ׼𼶱𣬶һбȽǿƵ֡
ͬŷ˵һʹȥ׷һǿߣͲùֳϦˡ
ʱӥҲûһǣΪŷ̫ˣһָǿ߲ܹӵе̬ȡ
ãˣҵıϡӥ壬һͷ޴ɫӥգһǳҪչ
ŷվıϣӥţɡ
ˣǰһڵĵұУҪ໨һЩʱ䣬Ǹ׿һʼ漶ǿߣõӥѵ
ֱǰУһЩŷ絭˵
ӥһ£ʱӥһ𣬲һ
úˣ˼ʲô׼ȻǵĵҲֱӷɹȥ⡣ŷ絭˵ǳƽ˵Ļӥһ
ûзϻֱᣬǸʼ漶Ĵڵĵ
һƬȴޱߵĵزǳкУ
ҲһЩ飬ǶǺǿǿ߲쾳Ĵڣһ޵е֮£ɪɪͲŷǳ֡
𡣡
ڴʱһһͷɫڿն𣬽ض˹ŷǵȥ·ͷ鳤ʮͷȴĽ棬ÿһƬڷ⣬˸ſµĹԡ
ϣͷǳ£ʼ漶磬ſµʵ
ֱһӥ˹ȥҪԵ
ӥ͵סϡͻȻһЩڣԼʲôҪô嶯Ȼ˹ŷĻһ·
ŷ˵Լܹ׼𣬵˵أΪֱ

ڴʱŷ֣һֻɫƲһ󣬽ͷʼ漶ƿС
ͷڱСȻŷֱѹˡ
ӥĿɿڴǼʶ˹ŷʵûκοһ׼𼶱սǿߡ
̧ѹһʼ棬ʵ̫ǿˡ
ͷɫãŷסȻһƷ󺺡ԹŷŭĿӣ֮׹˸
һ⣬شҾͲɱ㡣ŷ絭˵
Ǹһʱƽ˵ͷȻǴشˡ
ǰһ޵б֮Уҹںδŷʵ
Ŀ΢΢һǸֱ˵֪
ŷ˵ֱһƳԴԪн
㲻˵Ź𣿡Ǹ龪
㶼̲סЩ⣬ŷô˵㻰ˡǲʶҹĻŷûбҪº֡
Ŀ֪Ȼ㲻˵ʵҾԼˡŷƽֱӶ֣ʼԷԪ
ǸҽУҪģѾˣӥһ£Լ׷ӣʵ̫һЩҪ֪ǿԪ֮һǲ壬пһΪͣͣɱ˶ԷҪѹء
졣ŷкһ
ҵҹ䣬龹Ȼ֪
ҹץˣԭǹŷȴ֪ҹûҪʲô
ֱɿǸԪȻӥ˵ȥĵ򡣡
ʲôӥסˣ죬ǿһµĴڣʵǿᣬ֮
ŷӣҪȥ鷳ӥЩԸ
Ĺ֮У
ǲ뿪ʹȥɣԼȥŷɨӥһۣӥīһЩ
ӥһôܲȥΨһĻᣬ뵽һҧŹŷˣڵĵ˹ȥ


2328 ռ
ڵĵһͣĳɢһɿµϡ
·޾Ĥݣһ֮û֮УתΪʵ
죬һʵǿ֮еǿ֮һ
Ѱʱû˸¡ʹڣҲһΪǿƣ˭һս
ǣȴ˴һС
һͷɫӥգ˹졣
֮Уһ̧ͷӥֱһ
Ҫɱӥ
ӥëȻŵˣܵһвǾڴʱһɢסûܵһ˺
ӥһͬʱԼľϵˣȻԺ棬ı֣졣
֮еǸӣüͷһ壬ӥ֮ϣ˵ηѣΪ졣
죬ɱȣͬХһ㣬ӿ˹
㶼Ȼ̫ǿˣʵµ˼㡣
ŷվµӥСȻɵһߡŷ죬˵һ顣
ʲô飿ʡ
껹𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
Ȼ󣬵ȴ˸оһľ⡣
Ȼǲ˽ŷӥһָоǾǹŷˡ
ӦǺܷŭ޷Լɱⱬ˳
ŷĻһʵйϵ
ֵܡŷ絭˵
춮ˣɭȻһЦûзϻֱӳ֣£ŷУҪɱŷ硣
Ǹվΰ죬Ǳˣҹ
Ҫɱңʵ̫ŷ絭˵һ𣬱˺Щ졣
ǷǳǿƲǹŷ粻塣
ռҹʱЩһ䣬Ŀ죬ڹŷϣ֪һЩʲô
ǺȻŷʵ𾪡
شҵ⡣ŷ֮У죬ʵ
ʱǳǿƣ˱죬֮Уֻ
ȻǿߣҲδΪĲҡǿƣ˭Ҳ̫ڽ
ŭˣɱ졣
ܵǿƣһֱĸо
ɱ
ŷֱ˵춼Ҫǿƣֱһȭ¡
ǿ죬ֱӺ˳ȥȻĶŹŷ硣ȻΪںϽ壬ûаٷ֮һٵϣʵ޷ӵ۷壬Ҳ٣ǾԵǿߣȻһ׼𣬶޷ô
ڣȻŷһȭˡ
ʱףǰ˵ʵԼеĸǿ
һĶŹŷ磬к˸֪һЩʲô
㵽ʲôˣʵĿɭȻ˵֮Уδǿߡ
˵ģң̾ߣȻĻĺŷ¶һĨɫ
֪ΪҪҹץΪҹ壬ԣ쳣ϡһҪķ룬Ϊ飬Ϊһʵǿߡ
ԣҪҹ廯ˣն
־ģŷ¹ҹŷȴ޷̡
Ҳأʡ

ŷһ𰸡
ǿƣһ˵Ļ
ղŲһɵһվǷŹˣĻҲ·ŷĮ˵ȻһҲǿƵ𺳡
ӥ˫ĶŹŷ磬ǲĶ֣һ㣬㹻ˡ
Цһǵһ˵ҪɱңǿЦЦŷ֮г˲м
ȻŹŷ磬˵ձն㡣
ŷҲЦˣʲôû˵ֱӳ˹ȥȻûκãǾʵ˵ɡ
䡣
Ǳսʱ·ȫӿΪû˿Գʵ
캧ȻǸһս˾Ե·硣
ôܣһ벽ѶѣȻ׼սܹѹȻ󱻷۷ʱڵս
ǴʱսŷĲͣĵˡ
ס֣ҪɱҵĻҲˡ
ĻţɱĻٻܹأͬô衣ŷƽһ㶼ûԥ
ʱƬǿ߾ѣ¶Ȼɫ
Ǿҡ캰ȵ


2329 ҹָ
Ϣֹ
ֻɱ죬ΪУҪҡŷ˵
ĿȻȻӭǿߡ
䡣
սҵ˼㡣
סǿߣȻ·磬ȴǳͦͶ֮䣬޾ķƵ
ǿµһĻսо档
ΪҪɱ졣һʵĹ⣬һǹ죬ʵǿ
ռѵ壬ֻҪҵѣ㲻ɱȻĻûȤԣֻǽ֮ҵѡŷӦǿƣҲڽ͡
Ļһǿߣ϶Ҫ䣬ʹһҲһ
ȻҲٿ߶Էһ˵һûκκûɵġ
ʲôǿߣҲܵŷǿƣǺȻսΪ˭뱻ŷߡ
һսĻ̫ˡ
һ˵ŻһԼĹ顣
ǿ죬ʱ͵סŷ磬Ҫˡ
ҹ壬ҲˣҪٵ
ŷûɱ֣ΪϾռҹ壬һɱ죬ҹҲ
ŷȻ˵ĺݣǳֵʱվҹء
֮У˵ܴһԭΪҹĻŷҲðŷսУбֶΣԸһЩ˵̽ӡ
죬Ǹ˵彻쿪ڣ콫ҹ彻
Ϊ׽˹ŷ绰֮еһؼǾаܹȥʶһ֮󣬹Ϊˡ
УɱĹؼһȥҪҵʵ壬ʵ̫ˡ𣬳˲ʡ
ǿ֮䣬ЩСĦƽʱ֦ͬģһǿǿƽ룬һԷе⣬ǻѹԷ
ֻǣһιŷʵ̫ǿˣʵȫľ
ңŷ粻Ҫ̣ҪΪҪһԼѵ塣
׼ɡŷ䡣
ëһͣУʼ
ǿ죬ʱҲǻѪܣʹൽ˼㡣ҪȥȴͲܣŷ糹ѹơ
սסļλǿߣȻ׼Ҳ˰ɣ̫ǿˡ
ˣֱóƶϡ
Ҫɱңѱŭ
Ļţʹȥڰѡŷָǿߣ̲סЩҲ̫ˣԼѣ˵ɱɱ
ãڸов
Ұɣҽ塣ڱ÷ǳҪıԵˡ
춼¶ϲɫŷûסֵ˼ǸϽͶˡ
ˡ
ŷ絭˵ڴʱǸ֮Уһû֮С
췢ҵĴȻʹൽ˼㡣
𾪵ķ֣쾹ȻᣬȻǸ֮УֻʶȴŷĨɱˡ
գǾ嶯ˣԡ
£ӹŷĻɵĴ֮һӰ˻ϡ
벽ѣŷЦ
ҹ긴գƿ塣Ϊ˰벽ѡ
ʵһʼŷ;쵽ˣҹ֮УӡסӦбô
ֻǣû뵽ǣȻ˹ŷֱӻĵȫҹ
ȻĵѾһĵزȴȻܡ
ʱҹΪֱӽ˰벽Ѿ磬͵սࡣ
Ͳһ㣬ҪΪʼˣǿ˼㡣
ֱŷһ
ΪԼˡҹ˵ɫ˺ܳʱ䣬ԪڰյĵطҪԻٶ
ڣѣˣܿˣĵǶһֲˡŷЦ˵
Ļǿ̲סһĵˣʵе
ڹŷĿ֮УһĵͲֵǮһ
ʹǣЩۺ죬һĵɵˣȻΪ𣬿Ҳ̫ܹΪ׼۷塣
ѣȻѾһˣǲǿ뿪ˡоһһǿ߿ڡ
ŷ翴һۣ˵û⣬ȹһΣһЩ飬Ȼ뿪طҺϲ
ƵᣬȻҪΣ˶ˡ
ǲǸ޷뿪̲סʵ
ŷ絭һЦһ㣬һƳ֣ϢʱǼǿһ
¶ϲɫȫŹŷ硣


2330 ħ
Źŷ磬ʶһЩֶκͨҲû뵽ŷ羹Ȼа취뿪Ρ
ŷղֻҪĻ˺֮ϡ
ôģ̲סʵ
Ϊҽɡŷ絭˵
ȻˣǶԷȴ⣬ҽɣ˺Ӧûйϵɡ
֪ڹŷ̶ֳȵҽУκζͬһͼԷֽ⡣ȻҲһʱ䣬ԶϤ
ԹŷڵʵȻԴ򿪡
ӵʵˣҲԲࡣ
ΪŷѾԽ˺ܶˣЩҽɵΪ޷ȡ
ˣҪ뿪Ļߵʱ֪ͨǣʱǿѡһ뿪Ҫһʱ䡣ŷ翴ӥһۣӥıϣ뿪
ҹһ뿪һ꣬ҹԵúܼ
֮УҪˣҹû뵽ŷ羹ȻǰһԼ
þòǿˣȻɱһӥ𺳵˵һһߵ㣬λʵǿѵҲİ£
֪ŷŮ˱Ƚ϶࣬Ҳİˡ
Ҫᣬҽ㣬͹ŷѣʲô¡ͣҹᡣ
ѡҹ֡
Ҳ΢΢֣Ҷѣͬ
ܺˬСڡ
ҹ΢΢һЦȻŷ硣
ģ鷳ˡŷͻȻͷ
ôˣҹȵʵ
ŷһЦ˵ʱǳȥˡ
ʲôҹ㶼̲סһǿŷӣΪԳȥأܵϢڹŷ羹Ȼ˵ȥˣǱһ
ӥҲһԹŷڴ˹ŷĻ֮󣬶ʱʧ䵽˼㡣
Ҫ֪磬һֻۣҪǾͲ¡ҪװӣʱΣա
ŷӥһ£û˵ʵһ㣬ûеôҡǺܵģһЦ
һɺǿػǴҵʵʱ޷ƣʱȥˡŷ͵
Щεķ˺ѡػȴ޷ơ
ŷһָоǳܹӵе޷󼰵ģʹơ
ô죿ѵҪΪܹȥҹ̲סüͷ
Ϊ𣬺ѣ޾£Ҳδܹɹ
ΪǸĴڣѾ츳ˣиֻԵͶȫٲˡ
ԣôţȴǳټ
ŷ磬˵Լʱ֮ڿԳΪ·ϣ򲻴
ʱȿɣ֮УӦòŲٵܣҲҵ·뿪ŷЦ˵
˵УΪɵģʱҲ·ڹŷ˵ʲô
ԣŷܴݣͲǺܵġ
˱ŷȾҲ˲٣ǵͷľɫһ̾
ʵ̫ˣɱϣûһΣգ˵һĴڡ
䡣
Ǹ̾ʱһɵ
ŷ֣סһɵһ𺳡
ӥ֣ղов
һѶϵǰѾ⼣һ֮¾ͻһǴʱϵ⣬ͷųһֿµܣһҪˡ
ŷָ֣˸ҪѹѶϵ
Կ϶ǳѵȻĻô¡
ݺᣬҪȥ̺ȻѾ˼ɼƵĵزȻܿ£Ҫŷ綯ȫʵȥѹ
ŷѪڣѹһѶϵͻȻ̾Ϣϧˡ
ڼ֮УһѶϵѣ֮仯ɳʧ
ŷ̾һѳѲбʱ̫ˣղź⣬ķѵһѾȫˡ
ﵽһʲôطȻ۶ŷ綢ӥʵ
֪ӥֱ˵
ʵЩͲ˽⡣
ҺǷӡĵط﷢սյĽ˫˫ˡҹüͷ˵
ӡĵطսȴûдϣŷ鴤һ£ԼеСطˡ
ŷԶȥһƬǰ·
ʲôطŷʵ
ħӥɫ
ŷüͷһһ޵гħԲ򵥡
˫֮й⻪ʢԼ֮俴һһľħԡ
ȥŷоһС


2331 ɫ
ʱһ˵ӥˣ˵ɫҲúѿ
ħֻ֮г֮ǵʬ帯࣬γɵһɷֵط˲飬׼ȥӥ˵
ɫף߹ŷǣֹһ׼ҪѰһЩԵֶΣ뿪Ρ
ȴûгЩˣһ£۰԰˷ǶûˡҲ˱ȹŷ绹Ҫǿƣͬûг
ҿǲҪˡ˵һǡ
ܹ׼ĴڣӵĪա
ǻұĵطû뿪ֶΡҹ˵
ŷһ룬վ˽һĴ㡣
ЩʧˣҪ뿪
ҡڴʱһ𣬴ŷǵС
ŷǺȻתħ
ħʱڣŷû˹
ħ֣ץȥȻҪǸץС
ŷ˵ֱӳ֡
Хһһֻأħ֮ϡ
ħɢһڹŷǵǰһĹǳ棬ֻǵ׺⣬͸һԡ
ˣŷоЩǳԭʼǳ컯ģȻġǿߵĵۣЩǳ࣬ʱһˣǳδػٵ
ǴʱԭʼǳװƷǶڹ֮ϣ̫ˡ
۸
ŷ翴֮һңд֣ŷһ
ۣǸˣ˵ʲô۵ĴˣǸ˾Ψһۣµǿߣʲ硣
ʱȻ۸ǣŷãҲǸйϵ
ŷǾԲԼʲô۵ģԼԼս۷壬˭˵ת
һ·ȫսģûκȡɡ
ʱȴݲùŷ룬ˣѸԶ
ħҪϹŷǣȴϹŷٶȣ롣
ղȡ㶢ħķ
˵ͷŷЦ˲ҲȣǾĲ⾪ħһ㽫ǾȥȥĻᱻǸ˰㡣
ŷЦǸ˳ȴûбħĹɱˡȻʵǳǿһ֣ǿµģǺпܶҪɱ
ʲôǱɫһ£ֿܡ
ǻԶɣħ̫ˡ˶һۣ˵
ŷȴҡͷħҵҪȥħܿ뿪İ취
ǽȥħǶˡ˵
ģ÷ȥšŷһ£ǾҪ
ҹ۾һĻһð취
ŷ绯һֱħ˹ȥ
޷ˣֱӳħ֮С
ħڣŷķСһ̣ﱬսŷһµǿߡ
һõˣвȱĺɫչ֮ǧ
ɭȻЦŹŷ磬ɱ졣
һˡ鿴òˣϢϱ˵˼㡣
һ׼𣬺ʵģһ߳˺Զ
ŷ綢ŶԷɫأȻֻһȴűսǸղŽ֮£·硣
ʲôˣŷʵ
һˡϣǸ鿪ˣȻش⡣
һˣŷͲšϵڵķʽǧٹ֣ȴδؾˡֻǻŵķʽһѣֻҪܶģŷ綼֮Ϊ顣
δؾͲܹڣĳЩط෴ġǸ鿪ڣͳȻһɡ
ڤ𣿡ŷ뵽ط
Ǹ飬Էѵڤ֮йϵ
Ȼ֪ڤϧҲ飬Щ㶼֪ΪҪˣǿߣҴ֮УҲǸЦ
ħȻˡŷ̲סЦ˵
ǸԿԸоϱһɱ⣬ֱָŷ硣
Ȼŷ缤ŭˡΪħ֮УȷʵʧˣֱС
ֻҪɱ㣬Ҿа취뿪ɫЦ
ɱҡŷЦȳ֣ɱɫ顣
չս﷨ƣµ𶯣ħһƬڡ
ںͶԷսʱ򣬹ŷȴһëȻĸоΪһϢڣȻҪ塣
ǾûйģŷһѪֱӽһϢѹ˳ȥ


2332 
ȻֻǷȴڶݵʱ֮ڣӵйŷһУԣ͵ǹŷ֡
ǿ󣬾Ͷ֮䣬޾򡣷ڣӽ䣬ǿ˼㡣
䡣
ײǹŷȴ·磬ԷѹƣǶԷĶ֡
ŷ΢΢ɫս⣬Ӽᶨ
ս޾ȫǿ˾ߡ
ɫ飬죬ֱѹ˫ɨŭս졣
ŷЦһȭһȭס˶ԷĹ
ħڣ棬ȫͷųΪµܡ
ǾһսȻսǾս֮µĻԻһս
ԣⲻǸɫ鿪ڣŭ졣
ӦһЩ֪˹ŷ֮еʵ
ҪǸңҲǲܣħڱ˵ҲǲɴĶǶ˵ҲˡŷЦЦ
ԷȻףǰ壬Ȼ壬ȴ壬ֻǹŷһ
ĻħҪͲܡ
ɫĴŭҪɱŷ磬ʹֶΣ뿪ħڿͲˡ
һȻɱˣҲûá
һǸɫ뿪
ŷ羪ȣԷܹϣֱ뿪ɻ
ʲôѵҪɱˡ
ŷ°ͣȻԷɱˣҲˡΪŷҲ̽Ѱħ
һ˹ȥһ
ŷֱӳ˹ȥ۸Ȼֻ֣ȴһֿµϣһҪĤݵĳ嶯
ŷֿһϣ۸߽֮ȥ
ŷϵǣ۸ûκֱӽС
ôܣɫ龪ŭŹŷ磬ԼһĻ
۸Ϊ뿪κħĹؼǹŷ羹ȻˣɻЩץĳ嶯
ɫĴڳ˹ҲҪС
䡣
һⱬֱӻֱը
۸Ĺŷ翴һĻ֮󣬶ʱ̲סĿɿڴһ𺳡
һʵԼ֮ϵ飬Ȼɱˣ۸ʲôӵĴڣؼûκ飬ȫ̤档
ŷüͷдɻȥֻһڹλ棬һ棬ۣŹŷ硣
ŷһһ̲סˣĶŶԷ
һˣʵǳǿ󣬼ʹֻϢȴùŷľ
ʲôˣŷ𺳡
һָо˵ǰʲô㲻ʲôĶ֡
Ϊķǳǿʵһĸоָоŷֻһطо
ǻʵһѪȻֻһѪȴͳ𼶵Ĵڡ
ǰ˼Ҳ֪ˡŷںͶԷǸͬʱҲ̽
ֻһҲνǱɱˣҲûκ顣
úˣѾˡʱһùŷһ
Դ˹ȥһڹ꣬һߴСǰ͵һ͸ϾʱڣȴЩϡ
ŷ綢ڹ꣬һɻ
ְɣ㲻֣˼Ѿ޾ˡڹ꾹Ȼվŷ˵
ӣŹŷ磬֮оȻܹһȻ
ŷ⻹һڹôôԻ
ҵȻһڹ꣬ҲԺˣϲ˺үڹȻ˵
ŷһˣһﻹ˵ôȻ
ǰʲôˣô˭ŷʵ֪ڹܲԵǲһ㶼
ҵȻˡǲɵڹһӵʵ
ŷʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ǰ֪ϵ˭𣿡ŷʵƺԷΪˣǶԷҪġ
Ȼ֪֮䣬ܹ֪ݵѾˣһ쵰ǵֱۡ˵˶Էݣʱùŷһ
ۣȻ
ǲ˺˵ǵ۵תڹ궢Źŷ磬ͻȻʳһ仰
ŷһڹ꣬Էô֪
϶ɻô֪ġڹЦ
ŷͷĺɻ飬ڹ겻Ӧ֪Ŷԡ
֪ͷ޺ڹ꣬һµĸ֣ȴڹܹϤ顣
İɣǸ˵ĵǾԲתģ˶ƭˣǸһ֪һЩʲôǿԿ϶ԲǺ顣ڹЦԵûһأùŷ𺳡


2333 
ڹӣ֪ۣԵźܴ˽⣬ȴǺصֻۣܹ˵һ㣬ڹ͵֮䣬ʵҲ
ֻͷүŲκξηı֡
ô֪Щģŷ̲סʵ
Ϊ䡣ڹ국˵
𣿡ŷһ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬һ˾Ȼ˵Լ䣬ŷͻȻãͷһ㶼ء
˾Ͳ𣿡ڹ۾֮ȫǱӣȻڱӹŷټ֡
ŷһȻ˵ԼģǺټġ
ˣ˵ЩСҲףֻҪǣҪκ˵ĹԼһ˵
ŷһ˹֣˵ܽˡ
ˣһôָǸʬ壬˵Ǹ
ŷɴ۾Եһʬ壬ôܣҲʵ̫һɣȻﵽ˹ŷ磬Ѿ͸˺ܶණǻǾԼ
ǱĶҲ࣬һ˵ʬ壬ŷԼ
ǵۣͿ뿪Ρڹ۾Ƶ˵
ڹĻŷһûҡͷһ㡣
С˵ôô飬Ҫ֪һҪأȴǸĺô㾹ȻҪеܻ
ŷʱȫ˹ˣʣ㵽˭
ʲôС۾֮¶ɻɫȻ׹ŷ˵ʲô
һ̣ŷֱ֣ӽ˱˳ȥѪ䣬˾
һаѣҪƻңһϵŷ綢ŶԷɱ졣
ʱ򣬹ŷиһµĲƣɨ仯ˣλϵǸ֮⣬඼˾޴ı仯
صʬǣλϵǸˣ죬ȻˣȻɢΨҶϢŷһⲻǵۣΪԲôǿ
ںǸ˵ĶԻ֮Уŷ֪ǸνĵۣҲǸ˺ͻʻҪǿ
ҲǳǿԶԶۡ
ңȻ
ǿۣ˭˿ɱǾԲܵġ
ڰ꣬ǳױ˺ɫͨɢһħаޱȡ
һ˫ӶŹŷ磬˱ɱ⡣
ŷһԲһʲôöϢħеƣǸŨĻ϶ħĺʶ
¸£û뵽Ȼ㷢ˡɫڹЦɭȻĿⶢŹŷ磬һɱ⡣
һٵǸʬ壬ӦҪɣҲµĲĻӦǸʬʬɵİɣǺǣֻҪٵǸʬ壬ˡŷЦϤ˶Էܡ
ܴȻĻҲʶҡɫڹ˵
ɫ䣬Źŷ磬ɱ⣬ʱὫŷһ
ǺǣҪԹˣղŵĻԸңһǰ͵ͬһʱȴûʵô㣿ŷЦһм
ͷڹܴȴһ⣬ȻװһںܾԶĴڣʵ㡣
ǸĴڣٳУͷڹ꣬Ȼûдﵽ־磬Թŷһ㶼ŶԷ
Źϳ֣ҴԷı
ǺǣһˣǾʬ壬ϴУֻҪ˭õܹʵڹ궢ʬ壬֮˸ȵĹ⡣
ڹĻŷЦˣ˵ҵõʬĴ֮һʱɱңҺ֣ôţ
ŷЩ֣ͷڹʵǿ󣬲
ǣҪɱԼǸͲܣرڹŷõĳִеʱʵ϶ڶʱ֮ڣǿ٣ͷڹҪɱǲܵʱ
ҲǸʱ򣬹ŷܹɱԷ
Ǻǣʬ壬پŲŵʵôȻǵۣȴһӣʵǿᣬﵽ˵۵ĳ̶ȣϧսˡɫڹ޺޵˵
۵Ķӣһӣŷ𺳡
ýͣŷ綼ܹ뵽Ǹڹ꣬ǳѾʵϾֻʣ°ٷ֮һʵ㿰ˣʵ̫ǿˡ
ӵʬһӽڵ۵ǿѹֻγһµħ
⻹Ϊӵʬ壬ѹסԷŲʵԭء
ֻҪƵӵʬ壬ңҾеһʵʱʲôѣʲôΣҶԴƣֱӳȥɫڹһ
ϧûлˡŷ絭˵
ڹ궢Źŷ磬ʲô˼
ɱ㡣ŷ絭˵ľҪɱһͷڹꡣ
ŷţֻҪɱһͷڹ֮ħʹʧҲвˣԡ׼֣ΪħĴڣŷҪúѰһ£ǲܵ顣


2334 Ӹ
ɱңƾ㣿ڹЦ֮ȫǲм
ʱڹ˸Ĺ⣬ŷ缤ȥ
һɱ⣬նһС
ŷȣָɫ˸ȻӲɱ⡣
䡣
һ죬ŷˣĿ֮⣬ڹ꣬Ȼһ¡
ţɨǧһСôҵĶ֡ڹЦСצӣħ˸Ȼ͹ŷӲ
˫嶼ǾҲŷɫ䣬һȭһȭÿһȭҪٵǬ
ﱬ˿µĲǺˣŷָѪӱ䣬ɫ˸һ㣬쵶£ҪնһС
ˡ
ڹĹǱķ˸Ƶס˹ŷĹ
ڹͷ³һڹ⣬ŷȥ
ŷſһɫĻ֣򷨲֣վüķ⣬罣ɳȥնһС

һڹ罣ײ󲨶Ȼȫ˻ȥ
ŷſǸڹʲôһѺɫĳӣ˸ħ⣬ѪҺĺɫҺ·̺޺
һ֮ߣʮʹǿߵѪɱ㣬еСáڹȻ˵˳ӵ
аħŷɫƽɱ졣
Է飬Ȼϣֱ̫ˡ
ʮ飬һŷ綼Ҫ𺳡
аħҲɣаħҲΰаħڹЦ
ϢͻȻǣŷȥ
ŷɫ罣ֱӺǰһһĽס
顣
ŷ类˳ȥһѪ˿
ʵŷ綢źɫڹꡣ
ɫڹЦЩ⣬ʵͻȻ֣شŷģȴԤЩ𣬹ŷȻˣǲء
ɫڹʱҲſˣȫɱŷ硣
Ǽսһ֮Уȫɱ
ħ𶯣ŷ磬ӦһС
ôˣ̲סʵ
һаħһͷɫڹ꣬Ҳ֪ʲôҵķҲɱŷɫء
ôһ׼ˡ˶һۣжϡ
ŷҡͷɫأ˵ֹһǿߵʬѹΪֻʣٷ֮һ
ǣѡ㺧Ȼ˵
ٷ֮һʵȴԺ͹ŷۣǳǿߡ
ǡ
ŷɫ䡣
ħ֮Уһѹĳѣ
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ʱ֮УɫڹҲˣֵ̿ĶŲԶʬ壬ɫȻ
ǸˣȻվһ˫ӶںɫڹϣȻ˵ϡ
û뵽ôȥˣ㻹ǲĲбĸԡ̾Ϣϵһ˲ʧһɾ˳Ѫ棬ħɢˡ
ɫڹ֣̿Ȼڿ־塣
֮ǰͬһħڣȴͬһ΢ϣ⡣
㲻𣿡ɫڹʵڲ
΢΢һЦգ̾ǲ֮˭ܹɱң
ɣš
ɫڹ֪˵ʵʸ˵ֻ
Ұɣ֪ˣѹ¡ɫڹ꾪ֵ˵
֪Ȼƽͣȴ̺һɱ⣬Ȼ
ڹŷ磬վһߣɫɲӾȻˣ̲ס𺳣Щ¡
ˣ㻹ɣɽ׸ģơӿڣһ˿̾Ϣ
ڴʱɫڹ壬Ȼʼ
ŷ絹һɫڹʵǿףҲκζȻɱ
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䡣㺧Ȼһ˵䣬ᷢ
ǰȻ˵һˡ
ħɢһӴĹ¶ǳֻǹΣǶǽ֮ϣ飬ǺӶҪࡣ
ŷż˵ˣŹ֮Уɫ衣
ʱķҲһŵӣȻ˵
֮ӣû뵽޾£ȻٴγһˡӸ̾Ŀŷ硣
ŷһʲôӵһӣ̺ŲɣֻأһȥǴسʼʼ
һǿнضעӡ
̾Щ⣬һϲ
кָ̣ŷѯʡ
ϣܹ֮ӵɹ𡣡ӵ˵Źŷ磬΢΢̾Ϣ
ŷһ֪Էл
Ҫ׳ԳΪѡӵ˵


2335 ҩ
ŷһѶδﵽڶԷȴҪ׳Ϊѣп϶ʲôԭ
һЩˣ޾ѡһЩ֮ӣΪѣʵϣЩ˶ҩֻҪΪǸǿߣͻժλ棬ֻҩ԰Ӷѡ˵Ļùŷ羪סˡ
Ѷҩôܣǿƣɨǧţ޵ϵ£ңʲôˣʲô֣ܻǣΪѾԽһС
ҲǴѾԲᣬǿߣĲࡣ£ǿ޷ɱǡ
ڣȴ˵Ļùŷ
˵Ļʲô塣
㲻Ҫ٣еĴѣᱻɱϣµĴս񣬺Щ˼սȻصĴۣվǻˣݷһ᳹Щˡս졣
оеۣŷоһ
˹ŷһۣ¶һĨ΢Цܴ
סҵĻҪ׳ԳΪѣû֮һݷȴ㹻׼һءӵ˵
ŷоһ˵ӵ˼
ӵ˼Ѿ׼㹻ˣΨһҪģҪˡ
һݸ͸ˣȻѾѣβҪҲˡӵ˵
һ⣬ûŷʶСʹŷҪѾˣоеĶʱһ
ޱȱĶһǿߵĴУڵӣһĸ
ʱ򴫵ȻҪԼĴУڹŷϡҲʾڳΪѣֽѣûаա
٣ʮþȵġ
Ȼû㹻İգβݷӦףЩʿȱٵľʱ䡣ŷ綢ŵӣ˵
Ȱ⣬õӲҪ嶯
ҡͷ˵ҵ·Ѿߵ˼ޣܹǰһˣֻг׷ſһսܹɹܼᶨһɶûС
˹ŷһۣһָһϴ˹ŷȫͨ͸һҪɵĸо
ȻԶı壬ҲһƮƮȻɵ˼㡣
ϱܶӡǣҸˣЩҲ֣Сһ𣬵ֻţˣҪšЩֱʧ
οʼģ緭ըˡ
һ˵ѹĵطȻʧˡ
ܶˣվڻ֮УЩԡ
ŷջطżˣһ뿪
쵽ŷĶܶҲһΪڴʱֻ£Ȼץ
һЩٶȱȽʿ̲ס¶ɫ

һȴһõӰӻֱ߳һƳ˳ȥȻҪɨеĴ֡
֮дһߣЩ˴ֶɨ˳ȥ
ǵӡ¶ɫŵӣɫη
Ȼû
޾֮УһЩǳ֣֪Ѱʲôӵ˻ȥ
Ǽɵȫ˻ȥ
һǸõӰʧǴûдڹһ
Щٺ飬һϽӴܣٴ
첻Ǹ˵Ϣˡ
Ѱһ°ɣпǵӽϵӡˣĻǾ鷳ˡ
Ѱһˡ
֮Уŷع飬һʱ両֡ܵҹϵϢһ¡
벽۷壬һΪʼ档ŷ綢˵
֪ŷʲô˼ڷ̣ҹڵΪȻƴסһ޵۷ǿ
ҴˡǷǳʹ죬ԼĴ
㲻ԼҲУҲɱһŷЦ
ŷĻһεսУžģȻЩ˹ŷ硣
һ˵ǲȴһָоԼˡ
ҪΪҲΪҹ̾
ǺܿݣȻѾŷĲǣȴǺԹΪ˵
ŷ翴һۣ̲סҡͷһ̫˵ˡ
ˣ˵ЩˣɣҪˡŷ֣Ҫ뿪
ô죿ҹЩʧ
ѲǺܶ࣬ǹŷȴһ֮ദʱ䲢ǹŷΪȴҹж
һкöҪأΪ˭ˡŷƲƲ죬һм
ҹЦãԼʲôʱΪˡ˰֣û˵߰ɡ
ŷЦת뿪


2336 ŷԮ
һƬѪɫսǿսϲʱʬ䣬ܿ챻ˡ
ǿµһĻһЩǿߣݺԼĶս
쾳ǿߣһЩ򣬶ǿߣԳ֣ȴֻ΢ǿһʿѡ
Ҳлʼ͵ۼǿ֣߳ɱˣʱ䡣
ܹģǾӢս֮нΪ쾳Ҳһ㶼֡
һսǸ޵ڶԾи˵Ĳ
һӣ磬ڷ趯ӦǿߵĹѪȴû˰벽ǿƳ֣ɨ֣սȣҪѹƶ֡
Ȼǿ󣬵ɫ֮УȴЩƣ
ΣŲס˰ɣҽ׼ַըҾͲ㻹ܹȥһ˿ڣɫĮ˳
α鲻䣬˵Ǹˣˡ
һȥͬϼţϢھŽѹһС
˱ɫǼɵޱȣεĹ
ĳǺܳλ׼𣬾ȻҪסһˡ
ߡ
ǾһЩˣ뿪
սضʬ壬֮вκθ飬뿪ǿߣû׷ȥ
սѾ֪ظ˶ٴΡԷܹϣֻҪɱΣͻϷ뿪
óսҪΪĹεľ
ȥҲǲǰ취սüͷ˰벽ˣǣʱȴһ㶼˲
սʻָʱģ͹սкܴƣЦ˵Щһ²뵽ڰ벽Ѿ磬Ȼܹս׼ǵ׼𣬶ԲùγŵڣֻҪβȥͲᱻơ
ݺԼɷһۣһ˿ۡ
ֻܹоԼɷƣķǳȫûϢ
õģһԤУתҪˡ֮о˸
СǲǾ쵽һЩʲôϱʵ֪ԼŮԸûаյģԲῪڵġ
ŷ硣³һ֡
ŷ磬ǳϹŷǣȴҲǹһôĽ벽Ѿ磬ս
ܰɡڳˣٶ͹ŷ֮ЩϵǴʱȴЩš
һΣѾ˵ˣһŷ磬Ҳսʼ棬ûġ
ȮӣǿŰɣò˶ãҵĶӾͻǿƴһ𣬺ɨ򡣡γǳһ㣬Ŀ֮о˸
ĻеĵϣǸֿ֪ԲǺܴ
䡣
һ޴Ĳ۾֣ǿޱȣһǿӲһʼ棬Ȼ·硣
һֱӳ˳ȥ
Ϊ֪һֵĹѾչˡ
Ȼİ׼֣ǼΣֱӾɱ˹ȥ
սѪֱΪѪɫ󡣵ǿߵʬǣ˵˼㡣
ս˿ʩչͨҪжԷ
ǣ׼׼ǺǿƣϱͷǳأǿΣ󲨶ǣɱ
һսܼңȴûκ
ջһֻҪβ£ﲻᱻơ
սʼܿ죬ҲǳңǽҲǳ졣
ֻһЩʬ壬˵Ĳ
Ⱥ쵰ս
ȷʵǾһȺ쵰һ𣬴һЦ⡣
սһ£ЩϤһ͵ת˹ȥ
ŷսʵǰԼ۾ֱе㲻Լġ
ͽܣˡս㶵ʵ
𺳣ΪڹŷǰȻоѹ
ڹεǰһĸо
벽ѡһϱĿɿڴ
ŷ翴ϱһۣоһֱӻһ磬ϱ˹ȥ
ϱܣ˹ŷһۣûغСӣ治
ʱ򣬹սһһ׵У嶼Ӳˡ
Сӡս³һ仰
ŷ֮Ƕǳˣңղֻһ֣Щ˾֪ŷʵ벻ڹ֮ˡ
Ҿ˵ˣȮӡεһЦ⡣
Ȼܹŷ磬ܸˣҲЩ
Ϊŷսˣܹоŷ̺֮ŵǿǾԲһ˿ȵġ
ͷӣ㱻۸ĹҰŷЦ˵
Уȴһ⡣
ӱһһϲЦˡ


2337 ɱ׼
׼սĴ֣Ȼи࣬׼Ǹ磬͹ŷǲһ
ŷȻսûнǸ硣
ȻǹŷҲǸ֮ʲô׼𣬶һ֮С
۾ХΪɱȻںһ׼սǿóǶԷĶ֡
۾ѹƣ˲ޣҪͻƶԷѹơ
ǣõģΪԷ̫ǿˣֻ벽Ѿѡǻİ벽ѣѾˡ
áϱһ˳ȥ
սҲ˳ȥһȺ벽ѣȻҪΧɱһ׼
öԷŭĲš
Ůۺգ绪ݱ䣬Ȼһ׼Ҳǿƣ졣ȻҪѹԷ
Ǹ׼Цָ죬һǺӣŮɳȥ
ɴ۳࣬һѴꪣȻݺݵ
һ̣ǺӶϾ飬޾սһѷ졣
׼ɫ΢΢һ䣬ҵת⼤ȥס˴ꪡ
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һ̣һòƽӳ֣һȫȥйʱ飬һǿƻãû׼
ڱĵطʱҲعˡ
Ǹ׼ֻһ飬ˣȴûˡ
ʦ֡ŷ纰һ
֣绪»ߵ죬˹ͨ˲ʩչںһ𣬻һ⣬ɱ
ձ飬ʱյߵһжһ֮³ɻҡ
죬һȺ֮УʵΪӽεһ
֣ǿһһ׼˺ܴв
ԷɫһһˣһӴǳſһ棬ƣǿʢ˼㡣
䡣
Ǹ׼ˣҲѪȴЦΪ˶Էһһֱ࣬ӱˡ
Ǹ׼ŭҪɱ˼ߡǰ鳣Уʲô
ֻǣû뵽ǣԷȻ˻ҲǸΡ
Ҫɱ㡣Ŀ絶
ɱһԡһ׼ע⣬˹ȥһ˳ǰ벽Ѿ硣
ⲻǹΣ׼һһ̣¶Цֱӳ֣Ҫɱˡ
ɫʦСġ
Ѿˣ˲Ǳˣǹŷ硣
֪ŷ羹ȻѾսҲ֪ŷΪùŷ벽ˣҲܵסһ׼
ǣĻ䣬ɴ۾
ŷ֣һƽ׼ķɳȥһ̣ŷ籬ͨһֱɱ˹ȥ
Ǹ׼Ѿˣû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿֿ
ڹΣԹŷۡ
ۡ
Ѫɽ򱬣ԪӳȥҪӴܡ
Զһ˳ҪԪջȥ
һͷԳ𣬶أйӷ⣬˳ȥ
Ǹ׼΢΢ɫѳ֣סһΪ˵ʵҲǳǿ󣬺Ҳࡣ
գŷڵɽʦҲ˹չ˾һ
ǺţǱܷӵ˼ޣȻϱǣ̲ס̾ǸԽˡ
ʯչľâ
Ǹ׼սޱȣӲӣݺ
ŷüķ⣬罣ɳȥնǸ׼Ԫ
ۡ
һ죬Է飬ʧ֮䣬
һ׼ˣһ𺳡
һȻתߡ
Ϊ֪ˣһ׼䣬Էɱֵ˸һȹζԵҪǿƵǿߣ֮ս˵һǳµ顣
߲ˡһЦεס˶Էȥ·
ŷ͹׼ս֣պһ߰ǣǸ׼ܱ硣Χκܳʱ䣬û뵽ԼȻҲбΧһ졣
ֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬Ǹ˱飬ǻɱ
һ׼𱻻ɱˣܣȻǿ󣬵׼ҲᳬԽʮˡʵϣǳأǿ׼Ѿ˵˼㡣
ǣǿߣ˵Ҳһ޴Ĵ
Ĵǿߵնһɫ֮гܡ
ͽܣ㾹ȻôˣԽΪʦմЦŹŷ硣
ʦҲһܿ׼ѾǹŽеǿˡŷЦ˵
յǲ飬΢΢ͷϿ˹ŷ˵
Ҳ˭Ķӡһ


2338 
ӣһҪһսˡоһ˵
ŷף׼𱻻ɱǿ϶ưոݣ϶Ҫĳ֣Ҳ¶ģҪϧۣȫ
û¹սЦɱȻ
ǶӣԷս⡣
սǶһΣ˲һս˭Ҳ塣
Ǻսô꣬һֱ·磬ʵزõˡ
䡣
һ죬սһǿƣȫɱ⡣
һ׼֣˵ķ¡
޵У𣬶оѹһǿ󵽼һ֣ſµܡ
ȥŷֱӳ֣³һǺӣһ򣬶ȥɱ졣
˺Ȼ֮УֱӳӪ֮С
ʲô
Է˾ŭ˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼһ˳Ӫ֮УֱǶǵĳӡ
һ̣ŷ֣ǧ磬ߵǬţһֻ£Ƭɱ
׼ɱŷ硣ǷŭɱһƬƬǵɱ֮бˡ
ŷЦͻȻˣӭȥ
ʲôԷɫһ¶𺳵ɫΪһָоŷ绯Ȼıһӵͬǿ
˲伤սһ𣬲ȴùǶڳ鴤׼𣬼˲ͱˣһ㱻ŷɱǱӴܣͬʱӪ֮гǿߣӦǣ˲Ǹͣ
ʱ򣬹ŷ˳֣ҡ
ȹζҪǿƣѹЩ׼ˣһɱһƬ𺳡
Ѫɺӣ񷶼Ⱦˣǿħʬ壬֪жǿ䣬סŷһ
ݺһսɱո˵ͷ
˭ǿ̲סʵ
Ǿۡ˾˵˹ŷݡ
Ȼ֮УҲ֪۵ͷֻǣҲû뵽ŷ羹ȻǿƣɱǱ
֮ӡһ׼˵ܹϣֱǵĴ򡣡
һսˣŷһˣ׼սǿʵѾѹˡ
һսǲкýҪʧء
ǴϲҲ˹˶֡
֮жǿʵһȺʼ漶ǿߣȻǵľǰ벽ѣЩϹһзɡ
ͬȺոͷ
һЩĸ׼뿪һЩȴסȻ󱻻ɱ
ŷʩչͨҪĸ׼סȴһɺƴסˡ
кһ˼
׷γҪɱ
ŷס˹Σҡҡͷ
ΪʲôЩȣȴûٶ
ӣǺģԲ޵ķʸȻԼͣסͿ϶㹻ɡ
һָо֮дףɱȥᷢ顣ŷо˸
飬ǶһۣԷе⣬νĲ飬ǸûʲôвѾˣʵһۼǿߣͲ⣬ҶԷѾŷնɱˡ
ʲô飿ѵܹ׼Ҫ𣿡˵
ȾѪǿģԵøӷɾ
ѡŷЦȻ˵
ȫһǿߣôܣǼʶ׼𣬵˵ǿߣǻڴ˵֮Уδ
ּǿߣֻڴ˵֮Уδ
ʵϣǰ벽ѣҲֻһЩ꣬ͻƣ⻹ΪԷѹ̫ˣǲűͻƵġ
гǿߣʵ
УֹһҼģкüˡŷֱӸǡ
òŤתƣѵŹЩˣ֮Ѫ𡣡Ҳһ벽ѣǹŷȴʶ
һ㶼֣콾Щķսǿߣֻ࣬١ֻЩ⻹ΪսĽ
ʵϣ̫콾ûгɳˡ
֪ǣһŭѣǾͻбΣգȻҲ֪Ϊʲôôĳûг֣ǸңԲҪȥŷ
ǸҲɵӣ෴ģڳ֮УûһɵӣǵͷϿ˹ŷĻ
ӣжǿʵо˸
ܣҪɱǵĻֻҪŷ
˻һ˶һ
ŷս׼׼֮жǿģȻ˵Ļɴ˿ɼǿߵǺεǿơ


2339 ˵
ڳ˶ЩĬΪԽһǰ򣬽𡣵ڣȴãԼˣԺҪߵ·ܳ
ŷĻԲ޵ķʸȻ˵֮гǿߣ;Բȥ
͹һʵǿ֮һ
ǲġ˵
һۣŷ̲סЦˣ˵ʦֲżһ죬ѣס򡣡
ҵڴһ졣۾һЦ˵
о˸սʮ㡣֪ǸǿߣҲͲ˵ˣȻ֪гǿߣȻҪǸŬĻûκˡ
۷壬ߵĿꡣ
ڶ˵۷Ĵڡ
Ȼŷûиǣڳ֮ϣдѣִڣҲֻǱҩժĴڡ
ԣֹﵽһ磬˭Ҳ˵Լ۷ǿߡ
ǿų𣬵ǺʹȣƲĺԶ
սؾˣһε飬Ӧòˡоһοڡ
˵ͷǶ뷨
Ҫ⣬թ˭Ҳ֪ǵʲô㣬սҲܹ⡣ϱ˵
о˸֪һЩʲô
˶ĿϱһĨɻ
ͷܴǣҲô򵥵ģԣҲҪ⡣ϱ
Ƕ֪϶֪һЩʲôĻǲ˵Ļġ
㵽֪һЩʲô̲סʵ
ϱ΢΢ԥһ£Ȼҡͷ˵˵
ΪΣɻ
飬ϵԾԲܹ˵ȵԼսĻҲŸ˵ϱ
ʵϣһֱأڣһֱڣᴩʷ
ܶ˶ϱηΪʵΪϱء
ڼϱ˵ҲЩûʡ
Щжǳϱˣǲ˵һ飬ôʣʳġ
ء˵
Ҫ
ʵϣҲǱȽϺõѡΪڳ֮Уֻĸ˵ʵԺ׼һսŷ͹ǲģҪѰҸΪǿ
ʣµ֮Уֻˡ
»ߵͷȴҪǿˣһõѡ
սЩģԼĵӡ
ŷǶϤսʵ˼֪Լʦڵİ»Ц˵ʦİɣһһֻҪʦΣգֱӴҵһҾͻڵһʱϹʦֲΣյġ
սŷģ̲סʵأ
йŷֶΣһ׼𣬵ǣȴһ֡
ܣնɱһ׼𣬲ֻǶ֮ѡʵ׼֮䣬һССĲࡣ
ŷһ⣬Ц˵Ȼ֪Ϊʲôδ֣һָоǸڼɵʲô֣Ļһʵָܹɱǡŷо˸ҲĲ²⡣
ŷȴãԼĲ²⣬ܿס
Ҳָоܣ˵޷ĴڣҪûһɵҪֵĻѾˡսڣԼ뷨
Ҷóһۣǵһ
ʵ磬ҲӦ𣬲ûȫȷϣȻȥ֮һúȷһµġŷ˵һϢ
ŷĻ¶ϲɫ
컯죿սѯʡ
е𣬾ӣҲһ֮˸ҵģҪȥ֤ŷ
ԽԽãӲ򵥣ķʵˣһ壬Ȼǳǿߣ¶Ѵɡ
˵һĴڣǲˡ
ָսһ
ɫЩ죬ͬŷ˵һԷһĻȻָԷʵ̫ˣǸʱ򣬵뽫ɵˡ
սľȣŷҡͷ˵ûô򵥣ǸʱӣҲӣȴһһԤУ϶ǵ𡣡
˾ܣȴûпŷ۾˸һ˿ǡ
ʵϣЩһǺܷģǿߣʵ̫ˣǵҪʲôʲôԼûģŷһŲ֪


2340 ţǵķ
ȻòƶԼǳŷУе㲻
źһУŷּһЩˣһЩǰݷˡЩڱĵطδڵһʱϻ
ЩˣЩʵķǳǿ󣬲սһ֡
ҲЩߣȻСȴǳᶨ
ŷһ֮ȴɫһףĬȻ
ǳ˹ǰһ˫ӶŹŷ磬һЦŷ磬þòСˣʵڱ̫ǿˣҽ쾳Ϊǿˣںһȣǲ̫Զˡ
ŷû˵վɫÿ
ǳüͷŹŷ磬ɫ
Сӣ㲻ҪǳˣȭͷĽأŹŷ磬Ŀ֮дһ˿ľ
ӣΨһʣµĺˣΪ۰˹ŷչˣԼսجĵĻǳ޷ܡ
ˡŷȻɤӷɣǻ˵˳
˻һǳֱһȭ˹
顣
һȭ˹ŷϣȴûжԹŷκ˺ԼֱѪ졣
ǳĿ棬ڹŷϣŭΪʲôչ˺
ʣŹŷ磬Ŀ֮г˷Ȼ
ӣҲһţɳĻȻŷ磬Ҳٱǿˡڣŷȴ˵ţˣǳ˵ִ̫ھ޴ˡ
Բûչ˺ŷվɢȥе˼ԣǳŷҲỹ֡
Ҫǳйеʹ
ݺҪڣֹǳȴס˻ݺ˵ûչ˺ԼֵܣӦܵͷ
ԼɷĻݺɣ̾ϢһĬȻ
ǳȴûмֻ֣һƨ˵ϣŴŴŵˮķǳġ
Բ𡣡ŷ˵
ԲʲôãܹǸ𣿡ǳɬ˵ţǺ͵һʵûа»ôȻȥţлḴ
ң»˴УΪԼĸһ֣ҲǹŷɹĹؼȻĻŷҪ»ߣǲܵ顣
ҲΪʲôһֱûָţǣΪ
ҪǸǲܡϱͻȻڣʱ˵ע⡣
ֻشһصĿռ䣬Ǹռ֮У˺͹֮䣬ҲоȻţǵİ취ЩıԵ˵֮еǿߣѾ͸İأֻǣǶ֮еˣûκκøСϱŹŷ˵
˼ԣùŷȥѰҷ
ȥҸǵķŷоһ
ǸطȻ򣬻ܹڵڣӦûô򵥰ɡ̲סüͷ
򣬻ûбٵ𼶵ǿߡ
𣬵ǸطȴһֻҪӽǸط˵ľ磬ᱻ֮¡ϱ˵
ģŷ۾һ
˵ĻȻη塣ʵ׼Ͳõģɱһ췭ظͲǱߵ鲻
ϱͷ
Һһȥγ
ʹûвЩǿʵѹ׼𾳽磬ҲԵĲ򵥣ŷһǰ϶ǳΣա
һȥͿԣǸطһ㲻ҽ򡣡ϱЦ˵
֮ѵɱǣоһŷʵ
ϱ̾
⹫ô֪Щġŷװĵʵ
Ϊҡ˵ϱͻȻʶ˲ԣ˹ŷһۣû˵СӣҵĻ
ŷһЦһͽĻ׳ˡ
ҲԿϱȷʵ֪ܶණȴ˵
ȻỳϱΪˡôս֪֪׵ġϱʲôˣжǳ
ãҵȻǡǳ˵Źŷһ˿Ȼ֮Щǹŷȴ
ǳȹţСܡһͽܳɻˣĻǵĹϵӽ
оȻţǵķŷΣҲҪţǾȻˡ
ŷͷǳ֣أи¶˾ģʲôҪһҪţǸ
ʤˣԻعˡһЩ˺ɫ
ս޾£һֱڣܶžɣѾսˣҲ
ڣʤˣȻΣգǿԿ϶һʱ֮ڣǲǰˡ𲻳սǶ磬Ѿûκεơ
ŷ翴ЩˣһȾѪʱȻûһȵĸоȫǳһСһ
и̾ЩЩ̫ˣ¶Ҫľˡڼ⣬Ҫعˡ


2341 ع
֮УշˡһȺǿ߻ع飬Ц죬Хأྪ춯ء
Ȼһǿ߳Щǿߣɫ衣
˭Ҳ֪ʲô飬Ͼôǿ֣߳Ϣ˺أ޾ˣƬǳϨܴһƬطŵС
޷Ǿյ˽ܻˡһ˶ܹϵ۸վھ֮ϣ²̤Ųã
յ˽ܣһ£Ȼ
ܶǿ߷оһЩϢֲǳԽ˸޵оĴڡ
Ҿŷһ廹𣿡һǿߴ󺰵档
յһǿߣһֱսʱǽ˰벽ѣת֮䣬Ϣ˾η
һǿ֣߳Ǿŷһˣǲǿ󣬷ԵЩǡܵѪ֮еֺޣ˼㣬ӭԼʼ档
ŷʼЦ˼޾¹ȥˣȻڣȻѾˣˡ
ãӽҺúý̵ǣǾŷһٴʢġŷЦ
˻ӭع顣
ܶٻԼˣҲһЩˣȻˡ
޾¹ȥˣʷĳ֮У̫Ķǵ˶Ѿˣȫʧ
ޣȴǺ⣬ǵԤ֮С
ŷ̾δ뿪ǹ۲Щˡ
֮һȻҪΪһЩǿ߻ع飬϶ôƽͣȻͬЭ˭Ҳұ֤ûսǻƽ
֮ܶ䣬ʵгͻģǽ磬Ϳ϶ҪչĻҲǣ֮ܶľס
ȴ飬׼һЩʱ䣬ȻپȻǡŷǳ
ԡǳͷ
ŷ磬Բż
ˣ㻹һϱԣӦ˵ǰ˵ŷЩΡ
ǳ۾һϱǰһʲô˵
ӹŷ˽һеʱǳǶڳ鴤ָŹŷ磬һ㱻ιȥ
ֻƵ飬Ҳֻйŷܹ޷ܵţǾȻӦˡ
ͬʱӵһŮˣǳֱֳ嶯Ҫˣ̫ˡ
ǰǲǺŷ̽Եʵ
ǳûкɫֻЦһʵ˵ء
ŷЦһȻͻȻɫһ˵ǰĲˡ
ʲôǳסˡ
֮䣬Ȼ˿ȢһȺţΪʲôŮ˲ܹϹ˼е̫ˡŷѵǳ
ǳĶһ£˹ŷһۣûغһϹȥ
ңŷۡ
Цһʶ˲ԣȷʵе㲻ʡ
ѾҲദģʽŷãҲǲ
ˣú˵ЩǸѾͷҲ֪һùϧʦˡǳ̾ϢһվǾȥˡ
뿪֮󣬹ŷŲһԼͷϵ亹Цһǲһˡ
ŷ綢ŴҵĶ۾
һսһƬ򱻴򱬡
ǿ棬Ǹ޵Уŭս
ס֡ŷȥֱֹס֮ս
һ⣬סǡ
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ҵ塣һ۾ͨ죬ݺݵĶĶ֡
ŷһˣüͷһ壬ʵǲġ
ǡǸ˵ͷ
սȥ򣬲Ҫ硣ŷ絭˵
ìܣ޷ֻͣһˣܹǳֱӣ˵Ļ
޵жһۣǵͷֹһսС
սԣǸҿսڲˣ˭ǲĻսҡŷȥúܶĬȻ
ϣǾޣϾôսѵͲûʲôѪ벻ҪսˣҲֹǣ˭ҪҲ֣ϣ֮ҲҪ鷢ˣ֮УȻʵ˺ܶ࣬Ǿ㲻ǿơŷ磬˶
ܶĬȻ̾ϢһվǷ˳Թ
ҲֱӿսѪ޷¡
Ȼ˲ˡ
ùŷ̾Щ˶ʵʧһ㣬ۡ
ǣȴûа취ǿʵѹĻֻìԽԽ


2342 ˿
ֵ֮ķйһ֮ŷͻǿѹ
һ򣬲˵һƬͣȴǰһ
ĳ̶ֳϣ鶼ƽȵġ
һѪս꣬ĲһˣһȺˡǴս֮лع飬Ⱥڣ˸ʢȻǼȲƽ⣬ԲűѪսʤˣһЩȺʧˣȻǱɱ
һܶȴܰЩг޵壬ûܵ˺
޵еľ۲鷢ᱣ֤ҵİȫ
һյʱȥ֮󣬹ŷֱ˵һжԹɢɡ
ƾʲôġһ벽ѣԵĸǿߣĹʷ棬¹ŵġ
Źŷ磬һƵĸо
ŷɨһۣûзϻֱѹȥˡ
ԳԻᾪ̾ʱĹŷ磬֮ǰǿĺܶ࣬Ȼڰ벽ѵľ磬ʵȴƿ¡
ԷɫҪܣȴĿռ䣬ˣŭһһŻȼ
䡣
ﱬһɿֲĲܿڼž
벽ѱɱʲôʣˡǺȻҪ֪Ǹ벽ѣȻϱ£Ҳӽʼ漶ǿˣӵǸսڹŷУȴûгסһֱӱɱˡ
ܶ˺Ȼŷɫˡ
һЩҰĵˣֱϨЩҰġ
磬ҵķɱ⡣ŷЦ֮вһ顣
ĮǿߣһĪϡ
ϱǶ̲ס̾ʱ䲻ǹŷȴȫɳˣӵǶûеϡ
һ£ĪҲӣǿߡ
ǿȴ
Ǹܵ˹ŷֺǿƣףǲӹŷĻ϶ᱻɵġ
޵Уţơһ˴󺰣ɴֻۣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼûйġ
ٺ٣˵𣿡ɴһӡ
˭Ҳ˵˵ˣѪܵĽѵأղŷԹŷˣǿƻɱ
˶ʼƽദ
ʵϣһʱı߹ȥˣܶ˵ƽϾȥĶѾȥˣûбҪִ̫š
ս֮УǿԺƽദôͲˡ
սǳףʵϺܶˣжҲˣǼֻ֮ǰǿߣѾʧˡ
ϹˡŹŷ۹ʱɴ۾һȺݺݺ࣬һǾգŷΪϹ
ŷٺһЦֱӱһһڣ
ɫһʵ̫ˡ
λǣԯ߳㡣
㿴ԯ죬һ˼ŮӣȻŸ޵о磬ǲ٣տտĸо̲סס
ҽ㣬áЦЦǷǳ󷽣Ϊ͹ŷ֮䣬ûκιϵԲô̹Ȼ֮䣬ѹϵ
㣬ԯ죬áԯԼ
ǽá
ĪС¡
˼յĽˡҲ֣ôȥˣԸһûб仯һ˶кһܳĸоôҲû뵽ŷߵŮˣȻ˺ദ
ʦ𡣡һŮӹţŹŷ硣
ߣڤǳȻǳѾһЩ˵ˡ
ţǵһֱǺĵġڤҲһദȻڱ˿ܹ죬֮䣬ȴദ˸顣ԣڤҲ쳣Ҫţǡ
ģȶˣҾȥҸǵİ취ŷ
ŷĻŵͷһɫУԼʦ𣬿˵۵ģȻҪȥѰҸţǵİ취Ϳ϶ܹһһ㶼ɡ
ܵεɫŷһоϵĵӷǳء
İɣʦͲõˡ˰ο
ʱȴ˹һŹŷ磬ֱ뿪ˡ
ʲôŷʵ
ı֣Щ֡
ҷڿ磬˵ʵǳǿҲǶ֣һָоǲ֮еˡо˸ŷ˵
ˣŷ֪ģλ棬Ǿֻڤ߱˰ˣһⶼһϢ
оһŷ˵ҹȥ
һ˰ɡһġ


2343 ڤǿ
ŷ¶ɫʵȻһˡоһ΢΢ͷ
ųԼٻΡ
ܿ죬
ʲô飿ʵɫЩÿղںͻݺȣȴӵŷȻ˲
ķ˵һ飬ŷĻɫһоһЦ˵˭ȸɵǡ
ܹϣ׼֡
ֻҪ𣬾׼֮еǿߣǸ֣Ҳɵɱ˶Է
·һ·Ǳ˹ȥ
ǿߣڴıԵʱʱ֣һϢûɢ֮зǣ¸Ͳ뵽ط硣
ڤˡŷкһӦ˶ԷֶеϢֻڤǿߣŻӵϢ
ظڤһֱִ˵ȴûмʶ쵹Ҫһ£ǵжôЦ˵
ǿߣûκֻϵϢȴ䵽˼㣬߹ȵϢ
ǸͲܹǣҪһŷ֣ǸͲñ©Ρ
ȻĻǶԹŷ޷κ˺
ڤˣֻлʵ壬ܹ˺֮еˡ
ʱֱֻɱǡ
ʲô˱ɫǶ׼ʵȻǳǿ󣬵Ǵʱȴ̲סɫΪֵ˺ܿ¡
ʵԲ֮¡
ǹŷ硣Ƿ˳ֵˣһǿߣǲʶǼȻ͹ŷһȻǵĵˡ
˳ХǴһĹס˵Ĵ֡
ӲһȻˣһ˫к
û뵽㾹ȻˡһڤǿЦ˵
ɫĳ磬ɢŹŷ磬һɱ⡣
ۣסɱҡ۶Źŷ磬һ˿
ȻҪɱˣҾͲɱˣкһѪһҪŹΡ
Լ°ͣԼˣǵһ
ŷ綼һҲ̫һɣɱǣе㿴͸ʽ
ζ˵ֱӳȥ°Ϣ죬ֱѹһֻɱ죬ȻΪ׼Ҳ̲סɫ
ܵ˹εĲеӣ˲ʧˡ
һµǿߣΪȻǰ벽ѣһʵȴ֮¡
ԣôһѹƵüͷо˲ס
ǵȣǸλ޽ʲôԼ֮սҪѹƣֻдѪ֮еԺǹƽһսŷ翪ڣԼϢ
ԴѪԼŷţһΪǱˣĸס
εԲڹŷ֮¡
裬ܹ͹ŷȵ콾֮٣һ
΢΢Ĭã֮бһɲһɿµϢɢ
򶼾ˣʱȴһ˹ѹֲ
ֻ֣վе˻ȥ
Լ̫ƽˡθ̾
¶Ȼɫ˿ԴԼʾǱڶԼǿ֮ϣǲģȻĻܴơ
ҲڤǿߣΪʲôҪɱŷԭ
ڣһˣȻֶһˡɫȻص˼㡣
ɱδǷӦγ֣ɱ
ղһ·磬ڣһսǿƵ˼㡣
ŷҲ֣ۡ
۳Хɫ΢䣬һɫĹȴȱԵڡ
䡣
ײڼҽս
ŷǿƣ۲ͣĵˡ
ɫȻЩš
ΪԶ˹ŷ磬ڿԼˣŷʵеҪǿĶࡣ
ƾҲɱңЦŷЦǿƳѹۣͣĵˡ
̫ǿˣ۲ͣѪ
Ǹ򣬳ûʲô仯ɫȴԽԽס̫ˣÿһУҪȫԸȻĻ϶ˡ
ԣȻҪúܶ࣬ʵȴҪܡ
ǸûȻ˵Ķ֡
ߡ
ǵһͷ
˶һۣǽκ͹ŷˣ˺ѿռ䣬Ҫ뿪
ߵ𣿡һ˺Ȼһˡ
ֻ𡣡һֿڸĸо
һ޵ĳ嶯ֻɱһôǳˡ


2344 ʮ
ֻ֮תֱը飬ֻɱ
𡣡¶ȵɫ
𺳣ʵȻ׼ȵģ̫ǿˣʵ޽⡣
ǿ׼𣬱۹ɱҪ֪ղŹǻͶԷսأȻѹƶԷҪɱǣȴô򵥵ġ
ѹŷġֻ˵
ŷ繰֣˵
볬͸硣ֻ˵˵һ䣬Ҳͣתߡ
ŷɻʲô˼Լ볬Ѿ磬뷨Ҳδܹ
ʲô˼ʵ
ŷҡͷʾԼס
Щǿߣǳأ˭Ҳ֪ʲôءŷҲһһ㶼ף޷²⡣
Ҫ֮еκһоһ
һˣȻܹоһЩһıΧڹŷչ
İɣ˭ҪңջḶҵĴ۵ġŷŵ˵ʸ˵Ļ
ңǱ׼УȻҲһս֮
δЦо˸Ȼû˵ǿԿǺƽв֪ʲô
ǿأ˹ŷʵ
ɱˡŷ翪ڡ
ĿɿڴȻһ𺳵Źŷ磬Ǳ̬
ŷǽһ£ɱģһɱģֻǿһۣĨɱ׼𡣡
ҿһǾסˡ
Ĩɱ׼ˣҪǿʲôز
ʱ޷־磬̫ǿˡ
Ȼȥɡŷ֣뿪
ǻصݹʱ򣬹ŷ֪ԼһԶŮ䡣ŷΪûгأеĲһҳߣȥȥˡ
ùŷЩĿɿڴ
İɣµġԯȰ
Ѿͷڵʵô̲סһ䣬ΪѾͷֳҪ
ԯһ£˵磬ҲѾ쾳ˡ
ŷʵһ£쾳ֱԼ񻰡
ڵǷˣȻ˵ǿ߶࣬õʵȻںɨ£ҪǳΣգҲǼѵġ
ţһ¡ŷ¥ԯ졣
ԯ˹ŷһۣûоܾ
⻪һŷʧ
ҲܹŮ뿪֮¶һĨЦ
ҵĽˣԶɫŹ֡
ȻҶӵѪô죬ȻҪһЩСҸղһЩСֶΣ˶ãӦûоϲˡλЦ
ԽʵǿˣԽҲǹŷôֻһŮԭ򣬵Ȼֻ˳ȻδʩչֶΣĻҽҪӣʵǷǳ򵥵顣
ֻǣδǿ
ڣʩչֶΣҽֶΣԲڹŷ֮£ʵǿ֣ģʹŷ綼Բ
Զ౧ˡκٺһЦ
һһһһҲӦöһЩ˶ˡ
ЦǸˣĦȭơ
ȵŷĺӽ֮϶ҪһӣһӣΪʦйʵġ
֮Уŷʮʱ䣬һʱ֮УһЩֵ⣬ȻĻһ˿
ֻǣЩʱ䶼Ƿ֣ŷϢȴԽԽˣ˸оͬһɽԼǰ
Снˡξȵ˵
ʮҲнںȻȲϹŷ硣ùЩƣΪӣȻûԼء
ȻйŷһӣȻҲǳ
ʮʱ䣬磬ٲնŷƽϢˡԼĹ֮䣬ֻҪиҲӵģֱĨɱ
ȷԼϣԶŵڵôǿߣһع飬ܹûһ㷨ȣĻ϶Ҫˡ
ǲѵĲʩչֶΣĻŷҲԸЩǿʩչ֣й磬Ӣۡ
ǣΪ磬ŷȴò
ЩҲһЩŷ粻ᣬΪûбҪǿƣ϶һЩ˵Ĳ֮УԶѱ֮
Щ˲ķڷ֣Ƿǳġ
ֻЩֻҪңŷͲ׷
ʱˡһգ̫վһ빬֮С
ܶ˿Ͻ
񡣡ŷ֣Լλ棬·ˡ
Ҫ뿪һεʱ䣬һʱ䣬ǿ磬ʲô飬Ҹ׽ŷ
йһ㶼ġ


2345 ֻ
ʮҴҶŷ̽ܶණǣȴáҹҲδѰٵ
Ǵûдڹһһ컯죬һ˿δҵ
ѵ硣뿪֮ǰŷ˼ȴûκá
أɨһ磬˺Ѵ֮ϣֱ뿪
ֻش򣬺һβһǣŷһηǳǿƣֱӽδԼϢһΨҶϢľ
ǰ벽ѣʵȴ׼С
ʱųԼϢѹڲֻش֮еĲսսܵϵƣ˵ϣŷĤݡ
ܶ˺Ȼʱ꣬ٴθܵϤϢǣǰǿˡ
ܹŷʵͷˣʱȴãԼ޷˵Ǻεǿ
̫ˣ̲סɫȻ
ǣŷ硣Ȼ˵
Ҳֻش֮У˲֪ŷȴѾ֪ˣ֮УѾɱټͷ
дԣŷͼ֮йϵȻĳǿߣҲûм˸ɶ
ȻֻǺܶ˵Ĳ²⣬ȫԿĳʱĹŷ磬Ǻεȿ¡
ۡһܶǰɫ𺳣Źŷ磬Ŷ೤ʱ䲻֮Ĳ࣬Ѿ˼㡣
ʱһָоŷֻҪһϢɱǡ
ܵһ㣬̲ס¶Ȼɫ
ܼҵϢԶԣȽϱͲ֪Щ飬֪ŷʵ׳ɳһ
λþòŷЦ˵ԼϢżˣɫȻͬǰһ
Ϊ̲סʵ
벽ѡŷЦ˵
ȻѾ³ˣŷ϶Ĵ𰸣ܶػ̲סһ
ôܣȻ
ŷŶ꣬Ȼһ̫ˡ
Ρŷ̾Ϣ
ŷĻ˶ЩȻ֪ŷڸ̾һֹŷڵɪĸо
ΣܹƳΪҲԸ⡣
ϧǲܵģǶ
ǲ֪۵ʵɲǰ벽ô򵥣Ѿ֮ĸ֣Ȼֻǰ벽ѵʵʵȴѾﵽ׼УĨɱǸĸ֡һҲˣʱЩ̹ȻŹŷ磬ɫ֮дһĨη
һǿߣȻǰ벽ѣҲֻܹ
֪ǲ١ŷ絭һЦ˵Լڵĵϸһ㶼
ŷĻܶ˵һ֪ԼС˹ŷ磬ȫǵ
׼ʲôӵĴڣʵûǿ֪ԱȰ벽ҪǿĶ࣬ȻĻҲûбҪη
׼ǻһ㣬ͳΪѵǿߣռһϢǸǿߵĲܣҲٷ֮һǧ֮һȴѹ׼֮µκǿߣ۲Ű벽ѣѾԻɱ׼𣬺ǳΪ׼֮󣬻жôǿҲĿսҲ˵̾
ŷǿһ붼Ҫ̫ˣȻǵӣδôԻ͡Ȼڼɾ;ߵĴڣ̫ˣкܶأǲòѹԼ
ǿߣһܶȻ֪̲סһŷ羹Ȼǿһ̫ھˡ
۹ȻΪš̲ס̾
ܶصĻŷЦЦûлش𣬲Ǹ磬˭Ҳ˵Լš
ħˣҪץ㡣ŷ絭˵һ
ħˣŷһֱأΪԷУһֻƬǰŷʵ޷ҵħ𣬵ȴˡֻҪͬһ֮УŷҪҶԷһ򵥵顣
һ˳֣վڹŷǰɫѿ
ܶǿħ֣һɫ裬һǿߣһֵĻкܴ鷳δܹס
ֻһЩֻҪŷħҪֳʲôǸͲܵ顣
ǿħɫӣ͹ŷ棬ȻУȴ֮Ĳ̫࣬󡣵ڣȴһָоŷҪĨɱԼֻҪ֮
ǺǿҪɱ㣬ﶼܲˡŷ絭˵
̾ϢһħڣɳһֻƬûŷС
ŷ۾һֱӽֻƬԼ֮С


2346
߿ֻƬһǿĲһɿµбһ˸ΰ
ŷ̾ɵĺˣʱ߿ֻƬһȻͷųһɿµ𡣵ǹŷȴһָоĳ̶ֳ˵ΰҪ£棬ȫԽ
ǣħסˣ֮еֻƬȻȫҲˣǡ
ƿ£𶯹ŽδߵǬ
Ȼ˰벽ѣǺȣȴͲֵһᡣͬһϣ
ŷֻƬüͷһֲõĸо
ΪֻƬͷųϢֶе̫ˡ
һֻֻƬץ˹ȥ
һֿµľ󣬴Ǳ飬Ϩ
ǿŷ磬һëȻվȫסˣȫ޷ֻգǺӶƿֵֻУֻ棬ڲҪһ֮ϵϢһ˿Ϣɻٵ硣
ǳ֣һħԵܣ˾֡ģ˶ڻɣôܹǿߣ̫ڿֲˡ
ŷɨ֪ٵ֣ңǰȴ޷
һʵı仯Է̫ˡ
ֻƬѵҪʧȥ𣿹ŷе㲻ģҪ֪ռ˲֪꣬ռ߸ֻƬںһչֳֻƬһ˿ܡ
ڣȴҪһߣùŷзŭ
ǣȴûа취ΪͲĶ֡
䡣
ڴʱֻƬ⣬ͷųһɿµħԣһֱ̣飬һѪӴ֮Ѫ
޵Уɨϵ£ܣǴʱȴܴˡֻƬˣһֻ֡
ôܣһȵ𣬴һ˿ŭ
ûʲôǲܵġֻƬ֮дһĮ飬ߵǹŷȴףֻƬҪĶˡ
ǡֻƬ֮еoһͷ׷˳һֻѪȫ飬ʱȴֻ֫Ƭɫء
֮Ψһ۵ֻս£Ȼ鴫һֻ̾ƬȵĹ⡣
ûпŷһۣǸĴڣ֮УֻͬĴڣܹǵ֮ۡ£Ϊϡ
Ȼ뷨ŷ֮ԱǣǰΪߵʱ򣬺ܶϹŴ񶼾֮£ϡڿϹŴʲôģҲֻ϶ѡ
ֻΪʶԭԲŻ֪
ʵϣʲôԵ飬֮ϣдѡԴΪҩĴڡ
һĲʲôڴѵУҲϰˡ
ŷԹۣһָоֻƬ򵥣Ѿ߿飬ҪȫˡչֳǰĲܣĻȻҪ£Ҳ벻򵥡
Ȼ֪ϽȥֻսײܹġֻƬ֮д
ֻƬoܹݲȱֻƬԱֻصܡȻԳǿߣҲǳݣֱԡ
ҳɾϳ֮ǵһ˵ˡ˸̾
ɫĳ磬Ҳɫģʱŭ޾նˡŷǺɳȥ޷סܡ
ܶǸǴڿѪ屬飬һ㱻ɱˡ
Ȼ໥һۣԷе𾪡
ǳǿߵ𣿶֮䣬ѣ޾ձ顣
ŷֱǣ뿪
ֻۣƬ̲ܶסʵ
ĻŷЦˣ˵õǣһָоֻƬ£֮䣬ȻϳѣҲֻƬ
ŷһŵӣܶЩ
ϾνֻƬҲֻһôܹͳǿ
ǲ֪дѣǵһУףϣ֮ǿߣ֪Ҫǿ˶٣޷ȡ
ֻսףǵ۵ĶҲǴ˵еֻأ۵Ǻεǿߣ´Ѷ޷ˡ
ŷ֮УۿǸѣֻƬ߹ȥҪѹֻƬ
ʵϣŷһָоֻһֻƬ
ͷվյ
ŷѣȻЩҲⲻܹȥġ
䡣
һ죬Ǹ֣ٴιֻƬ
һֻƬ⻬һͬĽһ㣬Էɱ˹ȥ


2347 
ˣЩײȻЩס
ϡ
һضʱգҪЩĵط
ǣһáʱո޷ȻֻǲƵֻƬҲֻ֮ʱʱ֮ϡ
ͣĺˣһεѪ䣬ȼգɢµĲ
ΧգѪˣ򰵵ȫѪҺ֮еٵ
ǳ𣬿µ˲
ǣ֮£ֻظӾˣȻֻܹչֳܣȴѾ˵ˡ
ʯ㲻ˣһȱֻؾȻʰˡһ
ʯ⣬ŶԷ
ݣһ߳վǳſһƬأһƬǿľ
ӻ죬һ˿ʱնˡ
㾹Ȼûбɵҳѵɱ𣿡ʯЦŶԷ
һ£Ȼɫѿ
ļɻ䡣£ȴˣ֣ļɻ䣬Ҫȥɱ
ǿޱȣȻ֮УҲٮٮߣΪԼĶ֡
ʵϣǸʱҲֻǸոս볬С
ֻǣһսĽȴ˴۾Ķ֣һ㱻ɱȻˣǺܶһֱҳóһֱӴܣԼ١
Ѿ伣ܶ꣬û뵽Ȼʱ˳
ߡһû˵ȻԵľó޹⡣
ҲǣֻҪõֻƬ¾ҲˣֲҳҪľֻô׵õĻǾ̫ˡʯЦվһߣȻˡ
Ȼ˵ıȽǿƣȴһ㶼Ҵ⣬ǵֻսףҲǴ˵еֻأ֮Уƿ֮еһбԴ
ǳҲҪõܹ͸еĶҲǿԳɾʹѣʱݺ޵УҲκεˡ
ԡðճ֪Լʱ䲻࣬ٵĻ˵ͻˡ
뵽оһֱӳ˹ȥָ죬пµķۣתһصΰҪֻƿС

ֻ֮дֻ֮еoŭȡ
Ϊ۵ķֻغεȽ𶼲УȻǲȱģȴͬͷ
һֻֻ֮֮ͷųһжֻƿأķһɢˣ¶һĨݡ
ǳǿߣ򷨲֣û뵽Ȼһ㱻ƿأֻعȻǺö¶̾ɫǳȴӹˡ
ɫķٴȼֻ¡
תݣ飬ΪáֻoԶ
Ļ£һ飬ֻ֮гһõģȫǿޱȡ
Щ飬д˵еĸޣʱɱ
ɫмЦֻǻûһЩѣҲ뵲סң
ɫȻһ̣ɫˡ
Щ飬һޱȣֻһ֮ȴӽ
ʱЩһ𱬷гǧĹϡ
ֱӺ˳ȥһըˣԪܵ˿µĴˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ȻǱʯǳ鴤ֱԶֻƬֻص֮У˾衣
ʱһҵĸоҺԼٴֻض֡һùӣȻղֻƬֵʱ򣬻δʩչȫ
ȻĻĽҲԲõȥ
ŭٴγ˹һ򣬶һ֣һЩֱջ٣Ȼ˾ûС
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˺һӳ֣ɱֻش֮پŲ顣
ŷɫ쳣ѿ߿ֻƬһģ˵Щ˵˵ɵġ
뵽ŷ񣬼ֱҪһ
ܶų񶼺޵õѪˡ
ֻش˾Ų飬һִѣ޷ܡ
ŭȻϸתһ⼤˳ȥ
ŷһֱӳ嵽ܶصǰͨںһ𣬻һһȭ˳ȥ
һ͹ײֱը飬ŷǺը飬һ㱻ɱ
ܶľŷεǿ󣬾Ȼһ㵲סԷһС
ӷŭһ϶ѣȻסһ


2348 
Ȼŷһ㱻һɱȴûȥܶ˵Ҳ̫ˣǶڳ˵ȴ൱
ܣѹ飬֮£ûп֣Ȼһ׼Ҫɱ˶ԷҲֻһ֮ѡ
ԣܷŭŷð˻⡣
ֱӶˣɫӹȥд˸ǱеĻǿŷ綼Ҫ䡣
ʱֻƬ𶯣һ⣬ŷ绤С
ʲôǱɫһĲš
ֻƬסˡ֮ǰȻӹŷ֮УɳֻƬЩȴֻƬϹŷΪ
ϾΨһ۵սףƿֻأһôһѵΪء
ʧˣֻƬڹؼʱ̣ס˹ŷ硣
ŷӿգɫ쳣ѿԥֱӾ˾ߡ
Ķ֣һŷղֻһ⣬Ͳһ㽫ɱ
ǳһͷɱ׼ǿߣŷڵʵǵĶ֡
ֻսױܹѣĻѵʵûС
ߣͬ𣿡Цֱӵһָض˹ŷȥ·
ʯüͷҲ֣һ⣬ŷɱ˹ȥ
ֻƬǰ˭Ҳ֮ʧ֮ۡЩʿ۷壬ǻҪһΪѵĴڡ
Ǹʱ򣬲ܹݺң޽ˡ
ֻƬսףסŷ磬ͷųһֻ֮⣬صĴƬ裬˵Ĺ
ŷ˲Ϣ޾룬Ҫ뿪
ҵ𣬶֮䣬ԿԴﵽӵ𣿡Ц
ŷɫѿȻһ㣬ִУȻķ
ȥǸڹ֮Ĵֻܹӵ׼ʵӵֻսףսκˡֻս֮дŷһʱ¶ϲɫѰңձҵǸ
Ҫʲô򣬲ܹ룬Ļɣû˿Դ߳ܶؾ˵
Ļֻᱻɱ֮У˵֮һֹ򣬿ƳѵʵǷӲʵħͻȻڣȻ֮һЩ˽⡣
ǲ򣬶ǽ򣬽֮䣬Ĵڣ֮䣬飬Ҳ飬֮˽룬ȴû˳ԭܼ򵥣Ǳɵˣʵֻֻ֮ս֮еoʼȻΪ˽͡
Թ۵ʵֻսף԰ȻĻع顣ħɫһϲ
Ȼ֪ԭҲûôˣǿԽУʲô⡣
ŷ֣˺һϣֱӳ֮С
쵰ҳɫȻ֪ʲôطȻΪҲԸһط
ң֮Уܣ֮Уȴû
ķѹЩǶܹУչֲӦеܡ
ֽһսŷ֮дóӱ䵽˼㡣
һȻҪȥʯԥһ£վ棬Ϊ
ʯһۣüͷЦʵ㲻Ҫֻˣ
룬ǲʯҡͷ˵
ܹϣת뿪ǸӣóЩĿɿڴû뵽ʯֻأȻһ㶼ģתߡ
ҧгݣʯȴЩģΪһУǲʵĻӲù
ʯһʯΪӣֻҪϲȴҪ
սʱ򣬱ѾһɱôȥˣͲĶ֡
뵽һҧֱӳ˽ȥ
ʯųʧķ΢΢üͷ뿪
ͬһûΣУûбҪ
һһֱͷϵһɽû㹻ʵԶҪء
һܹĴɽޱȣ޷ڣ˵˼㡣
ǹŷȴܹоЩڵϣתϢЩϣгһԵüΪ졣
Щ顱δڵģŷҲҵһƽ⣬ô飬ȴ״ƽ⡣
˼ʱһϤϢ˽
ŷһ¶һĨЦȻ׷˽ûиоѹ֮ȴѹ֮ΪΪڷٵļֱ׼


2349 ĥ¼
Ҳоһ㣬ɫѿȴ޷ˣŷ
ʵȻѹ׼УҲһţҲ׼𣬿Իɱŷ硣
ֻս׽гһֻ̽ŷ£ϢȻʱֻ׼ΪϢȴûб䡣
׼֮ʵĲҲǳȫѹ׼ԭ֮һ
ŷֻ֣ս׷⣬סЩϢֱӺͳսһܶǣŷʱ˼ɡ
ʵ̫бˣ֮䣬ֻش֮еľŲ飬ŷͺ޲Ҫɱˡ
ŷȾѪȴɱĶǵˣ޷̳ˡ
ڳǿǶϣǶڹŷ˵Ǿ飬֮䣬ûκ
ײȻĲŷ絲ס˳Ĺ⣬𣬴µһ
顣
ٴײǵˣܵձ˺ѣһٲ£ԵüΪ¡
ĴϣΪ̣ͻ֮䣬Ѵƣһ׼𣬶ҪȫҲܹ쵽˵ײ֮Уȴ˺˴ϡ
ɫѿ뵽ŷӵֻսףȻкһսʸ
ѵϢѹһУֻսǰȴȫã޷γѹԵơ
ʱ˼սȻ¡
һѪ磬һ죬絶ɱʩչǿͨҪɱŷ硣
ۡ
ŷ类飬Ԫ񶼲һѿˣȴһ㶼ûлţԪ񱧽ֻս׺һֱӷ˳ȥɱԷ
ۡ
ǿüı飬Ԫһ㱻룬ܵ˿µش
ʲôɫѿһ벽شˣʹԷʵ׼𣬶˵Ҳһֳ衣
޵УӦĽŶԡ
ϾܹΪѵģһ׼𾳽磬ŷȻҲӦһŶԡ
ʵϣŷȴ淥Ҫܡ
ʶһ㣬ŭ˼㡣
޸壬Ԫգٴγɱһ
˼սɽ飬ǺӶڲȻз֮ѹƣǲӦеƻ̫ǿˣȻѹƵ˼㣬ҲſµĻ
ХѪǱŷɱġ
ɱ죬͹ŷһս뵽һˣǾʱĹŷ磬ӿ¡
Ҫն㡣ŭ
ʩչµͨˣһգ¡
ŷܳȣڷɢս죬ֻءʥӡͨ񣬸ͨʩչӲԷĹ
һսȻսȴһսҪ𺳡
飬˺ѣս˿
ŷѪս֮ܵϴ񣬸ǿͨͷųĹâͶ֮䣬ſµͷų
һ棬ŷһսþ˸ֶΡ
ǣŭǣ޷ѹƹŷ磬ԷԽսԽǿʱȻڽֻս׵Ļ
ҪϢĥ̫СˡŭŷȻ˲·磬ȴûбɱ
һִ󵨵ĳԣֻս׵Ļŷֱһ֮Ȼͬһ磬ǳѾȴùŷ˾Ե·硣
ŷ粢˵ֻǳ֡
ʱԡѪս졣
һλԵǳɹˣһǴҲУſ͡
Ļ̫ڰԵŷȻ׼УҲһָоԼĶ֡
ڣȴһᡣ
ʵѹƵ˼㣬ŷܹܡ
սŷޱȣ˺ܶΣǺܿͻָԴۺҹŷ綮ҽһҽɣ̵ܹʱ֮ڻָʧСң֮û֮УڲͣĲԼġ
ƶȻʱıԵǹŷȴıǿˡ
סʹֻսף˺Ρ
Ǿ˵ģ۴һֹޱȵս
ɫѿսһѾ֪Լɱ˹ŷ硣
ݺݵĿ˹ŷһۣתߡ
ΪһЩϢΧ£ǲ뿪Ļ²кý
ŷ֮Уɢ֮еѪҺ۾һЩ
ȻˣΪλ֡ŷʵĿɨΧգ¶һĨЦݡ
֮е飬㲻ӦһεĴڣֻǱһԹǳᣬʱŹŷ磬һɱ˵ɱ⡣


2350 
Ǹǿһۣŷ翪ڣһ
ܡԷֱӾܾ
ŷһ⣬ŶԷһδڡ
֪ҪʲôˣҪ󸴻һ˵ķǲǵġǸЦһԥûС
֪ԭ򡣡ŷ綢ŶԷ
ûбҪǱͲͬһӪģҵȻǡԷЦŹŷ磬ǹϡ
ŷ̾Ϣһɫ֮Щп
ʧ𣿡Ǹ˫ǿߴЦ
ŷҡͷֱٻֻսףϣ罣ƿУ˵˵ҲУɱ˵Ϊֹ
ɱֱָԷ
֮еˣһǸǿ߿ڣЦ
һӵȻ׼Ϊʵȴһ׼ҪǿĶࡣ
Ϊĸ򣬻Ϣ
Ȼŷս֪Ӳ𣬵ǿ߻δŷС
һǿߣ׼һǿߣھ綼һΧ£סŷ磬Ҫɱ
֮޺ˣɱǸ𿪿ڡ
Ļ׼ˣɱŷ硣
ǴͨƬ裬ɿµɱҪɱŷ硣
ŷ糤Хֻսף罣գȻҪɨˡ
ۡ
һ׼ɳȥѪ
һ̣ŷٴγ֣Ӳһ˵һȻһն䡣
Ǹֱӱ飬ѪȾ죬Ԫߣŷ֮г˾֡
ȻôҲû뵽ŷ羹Ȼǿƣ׼ҲֱɱǵĹ
һ׼ˣ֮ͨ󣬸ͲҺ͹ŷӴ
ͬ³ǳ֪ԼǰҲһĽ
Ǹһѿû뵽Լ¾Ȼ˲áֻһУ˱ȴˡ
ֻսסŹŷϵսף¶̰ɫ
ѣǿ߱ˣ֪˹ŷʲô̰֮
ֻս׸ң㲻𿪿ڣо˸
бԼáŷĮȻŵط罣Ӷֱɱ˹ȥ
һǳǸĴڣŷ粻Ҵ⣬ȫԸ

ŷ羹Ȼȶˣ¶Цֱ̧֣һȭȻҪӲŷ罣
̫ˡŷһ䣬˫಻𣬵ҲֻԵģ£ԷҪĹͲܡ
ŹŷĻ罣âǬֱն˶Էһֻ֡
ʲôǸɫû뵽Ȼһ
Էȴ˵
ŷЦԷû뵽黹ء
ǰУѹ¡
ֻظ֣ѹһϡ

ХֱӺ俪ֻء
תµŷ縩ȥ
ˡŷЦܴݣֱۣһȭ£ֱӺ
˵ʵͳȣŲٵĲ࣬ŷֻսףضĶ֮£Ȼѹһ
ܣΪѣѹһеСԷʣͲš
ӿһ£ŷС
ŷ绯ҡֱϣԽӡ
һɨڶԷϡ
ǿ糬ҲĻըѡ
ɫȻתߡ
Ȼŷǿס֪ԼǹŷĶ֡
ߵ𣿡ŷЦҪ׷ȥһ̣ȴֱ෴ķ˹ȥ
ĵϢգȫͷųΨҶš
Ĵѣһӳ֣˵˼㡣
ŷǸܵǵϢ˲ģ֮Уսһ𣬵ǶԷˣ£Ȼ䡣
ܣû°ɣһ鿪ڣǸŷսһͬһ塣
ʱɫѿ϶˺۵Ǹ𣬿ѯʡ
û£ϧǸһˣһԤУ˽ɳΪһµĶ֣Ժеˡ
Ȼȥ˵
ѣ뿪
뿪󲻾ãŷż뿪ķɫǺܺÿ
ǿߣ滹֪ж׼⵽һʲôӵĵطҲ̫ڿ˰ɡ
йѹǵΪŷӲ
ˣһһطأҲҵΪŷ˼һֵֺĸо
ŷϢתʱһӡ϶̲סΪʱĹŷ磬һϢ֮еĴڣһģһ
Ӧòᱻϳ˰ɡ


2351 ڰ˿ֻƬ
ģŷҡڵĳ֡
һ˲Ϣһǳ֮ǰ
ŷҪдܣҵȻţǵķ
ǡ
һ֣ܰŷȴЩۣЩΪʲôҪȥ֮УҲȴͲʲô飬ԭǳ򵥣ǿߣʵ̫ˡ
ǳ𣬾׼͸˵ˣһ
ŷ緢֣ĸ壬ʵ࣬һЩƵ顣
һǣЩڣڵĶϢĽһܹС
ҵһЩ飬
˵ķֵܣ㾹Ȼ֪һһŹ֣Źŷ磬ڿһ
һ⣬ʧȥ˼䣬Ϊ˾ԼʵҪŷͣµӣǸ鶼̲סжˣŹŷһУȻ⡣
ʲôֻ֪һ˵ķŷһ£û뵽鵽󣬻ϡ
𣬲Ǻɵģ֮Ǳڣ𣬳һС
ùŷզֲ࣬ôǿ󣬾Ȼ쳬ѡ
ִڣδţֱЩ˼
ǳѣҲǼͷ۵ĵطΪǸ޷øǿ󣬴ӵڣһֱΪǸһ̾˵
ϣŷôܹһֻĸо
ָоܸˡŷЦá
ɱģ壬η嵽˹棬Ҳ޵˹棬ֻǵʵ̫ǿˣһȺ߹ԲŻŵڣȻĻѾˡǸһ̾˵
ŷ˲Ǹ飬ʵ㵽˭
һҪˡǸ鿪ڣһ̾
ŷ֮иӽ䱸ˣ˵ҪҲûйϵûбҪ˵Щ
תҪߣΪ˸һֺܿµĸоȻˣԷͲǱסģѯʵģҪʶ
ԷأȻŷ֪ĵˣҲһ
ۡʱǸͻȻһ
ŷվסˣŶԷɱ졣
ԷǴǵľ磬Ҳ±˽ȡǣŷȴǳˬԷһвĸо
ûб˼˽ݣҲ֪ҪʲôֵܣȻĻҲҿԸ㣬ɱаٷ֮һٵİգ㸴ֵܡǸ˿ڣ˵һ
ƾʲô㣿ŷЦ
͸㡣
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汻סʲôǸһ֣ŷɫ䡣
һֻƬ˲ͱƿˣԼڡ
һǿĸоȻŷ糤һҪХ
˸ֻƬںһ𣬾ſֻƬһͲһƬˡ
ŷж̲סˣֻأֻսףǴ֮еʥеĶŷ˲ʵ
ڵľ磬޷͸еĶҪ𾳽磬ܹȫᵽ־硣
ŷ֮ǰֻأǱѡ
ǣѾ˿µˡ
ȫ͸֤ѡ
˰ɣǸ˿ڣϴһĨЦݡ
ͳصһԹŷԸ񣬿϶˵תˡ
ˣлл㣬ˡŷһЦתҪߡ
ǸĿɿڴȻԼˣΪλ
Լ͸˹ŷ磬ȴû뵽Լˣŷױ͸ĻͲǹŷˡ
㲻ˡڴʱһǿߵնס˹ŷ硣
ʱŷɫ䡣
ڱΧסˣŷ֪ԼΣˡ
ֱٻֻսףԼϣԼߵ㡣
ȻˣŷҲɫأ֪鷳ˡ
Ҫս׻ֻһ򣬸Ǻ֮ϵ͸ŷֻƬ˿ڣ֮УȻš
ΪΣŷѯʡ
֮㣬ڻδƷΪϣԵҲоˣһĴȫһǼֲģԼʹսǣҲնɱǣֻи֮ϵлĻɱǡǸ˽͡


2352 ں׼
ŷȻΪʲôҪҵԼˡΪӵֻƬԸһУγһԶĿռ䡣
һ£ֱӳ֡
ŷܹоǸ˵̬ȣźܴİգǿɱ
𣬹ŷûʲôоֻҪҵţǵİ취Ϳˡŷûκιϵ
һ˼ˣŷ粢˽⣬ʩչһЩֶΣֻҪԷұĻŷӳȥ
һԶĿռγɣŭǸоıԴˡ
ȥ𿪿ڣᣬֱӳֻ֣ء
˸ֻƬǾԼʵ̶ֳȵķ
γһĿռ䣬ǵʵڻָ𣬳Խһʿ
ֻǣ֣ȻδֻƬɵ硣
һ̣ǵĿⶢ˹ŷϡ
ȻǴֻƬγ磬Ҫɱŷ硣
ϣǻָ˱Ϊڹŷ˵Կ˵һѡûһԥһʧ
ȵŷٳֵʱѾ֮ˡ
ľŵùǺ
뿪һ˲ֻ֣Ҫ΢ԥһ㣬ͻᱻɱ
ǿߣûĹѹƣʵԵ޽⡣ŷҲǶ֣סǵһ
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ڣԷֻƬɵ֮УŷóᣬǰڵĵطȥѰ취
֮ǰǸĻŷ粻ţԷһַǳΣյĸоԣŷΡ
˷򣬹ŷһϵڵĵط
ֻƬγɵ磬ȻԭأŷҲĻᶪֻƬѾ˹ŷΪֻҪһͷͿԽֻƬټ
ɽ֮ϣģһϰ
ųǿߵĵǵϢɢѹ˴ŷ֮ǰͳսϢѾһĵֿ
ǿƽɽ졣
˭һȺʿ˳ѪɫսףгìָŹŷ硣
ŷ翴һۣһֻ£ֱӽǶ˳ȥ
Щʿɫŷ֮г˾֣ܹоǰ˵ľȻߣʵȴǿףԶԶԽǡ
ǲǶ֣һ϶ǰϹ
ղŹŷҪɱǣҲǶ֮ѡ
ǷѶţ׼ǰ
ŷʱм˱ɫ¶ֵɫ
㡣Ǵ󺰣һ㱻ŷɱǼˡ
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ԷˣһԵײУͲǱֵһ
˵һȺˣһϵĻԲɵŷ磬ȴһľĸо̫Ҷ֡
֣ԡ
ǲ֪ǣŷսϲϢȴ޷ѹƹŷ磬ùŷҲһϣҲ𣬵ȴЩ˼ɵˡ
Ǹ͵սˣһڼǿվ˳ɫĮȻŹŷ磬ɱ̭
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ԣԼͬ飬Ҫ⣬Կ
ֻһ벽Ѷѣ飬Ϊʵǿ𣿡ںЦɫм
Ȼܹܵŷ̺ǿսǺܸ߰ŷ񣬶
Ǹ׼ŭںǺǿ󲻴Ҳǿ٣ѣԷȻ˵Ļŭ
һվһߣٿڡ
ļ׼𣬿һĻ¶ЦҲȥѣں񽫳Կ
ֻǣǲ֪ǣʹʱĹŷһսԲǳԿô򵥡
ǷԼһ¡ŷһЦһڴ˸⣬Ȼһɭĸо
֪ΪʲôںͻȻһšüͷŷ磬΢һ㡣
Ȼףǰˣûеô򵥡
ܹ͵һսˣܹʲôزһ㣬ŷ֮гء
ŷ΢΢һ̾ҪŶԷ⣬ɱԷֻû뵽ԷҲһǴܿ㷴Ӧʼ
ҪɱԷҪʩչֶˡ
ŷȻš
һ׼ѣУֻҪ׼𣬹ŷ綼аڶʱ֮ڻɱԷ


2353 
ںױһͷɫףֱӻӴ񷡣
һ̣צץضһ˲ˡֻɽ֮࣬кҡ
ĵȻӹ˲֪ٱ飬һ׼𣬸޷
ӵϢȻ֮ѹƣȻࡣ
ŷоһվΪֻŲĹȻֱһȭ˳ȥ
˲䣬ѡ
һУ·Ҫٵˡ
Ƭ裬磬ǿµһײ
ŷ糤ХȻ󣬵ȴһһضݲĸоָ쵶Ȼ
ں׳ͬ⵶һ㣬ŷ˹ȥ
ƺײŷδˣȻǿǰУһץס˺ں׵๡
á׼ɫ֪á
ŷЦַֻ⣬̺űΰֱץסں׵๣Զ˹ȥ
ں޷סԼ壬ɽ˹ȥ¶ֵɫɽ棬ſµĽֹǱȥȻҪˡ
ں׼Լ壬ãһʱ޷۳
ں˫ɽ޴壬ݺݵװɽ档
ɽһɹ⣬ںں׵ϡ
ںײҽУ޴ֱըѪɡԪͬһͷںףΣʱչ죬Ҫȥ
ǣЩɹȴסˣ޷ѡ
ˡŷźںס
ԷҽУɹ֮ùŷɫ΢΢һɽ֮УǴһɾ衣
ңԼδ嶯ȹɽǽں档
ȻĻҲ鷳
֮䣬ѹһдڣ޷ʩչԽ׼ǣվǵĸ;磬һ׼ȵģ̫߳ˣǵϳ޾£Ȼ򵥣Ѱȥ¾Ҫ
ŷ罫Ŀˣ֪սδ
Щ׼һۣԷе𺳡ں񽫾Բ֮ǿģҲɱˣȻɽĹͣҲܹܵŷǿơ
ǶһָоԼϹŷ磬ͲǶ֡
һϣɱǰȰں񽫵Ǹ׼𿪿ڣʶŷǴʱȴòս
Ϊ߾ɽһĻ𣬾ԲŹǡһսǱҪġ
ҵĴӪź֣ܶ棬žԵơ
ŷ֪ʲô뷨һһЦڴʱһģһˣ֮߳
ʲô
Щ׼ɫЩ𺳡
ⲻһķźͱһսһ׼𿪿ڣһͷɫͻΣͷǻͷһܵŷĲ
˵֮һľѣһͨųһ壬㾹ȻǵĴˡһŮӣüĿ续˷飬Ȼ˽⡣
ŷӣ𺳣ŮӴڵ£ԵľԶȻ֪Ĵڡ
ŷҲ֪𣬵ȴǸĵ𣬶֮ǰλ
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һ壬һϰɣȻǶҪҪǵĻҿ϶תߣΪɽλ𣬺ܻܿزˡŷ絭˵˶ԷһЩ
ʲô˼Ǳɫ
ȻŷĻǾסˡ
ǵ𣬱ֻƬһֻ֣ҪҲĻǾ޷ŷĵ˵
ŷĻ׼ȫɫ
һǣǼ׼ɫ
һЩߡǷŭ
ŷȴܹǵϣǵɫȻ֪һǵʵΪġ
ŷһеС˶Է⼸׼ı֣һǵʵпܳԽˡ
ߡڴʱǸŮ׼ֱתߣκԥûУʧ
ĻᱻλɱģҪҳλ𣬲ȻĻǻɱǵġһ׼󺰡
ǸŮ׼ΪҲԥһ£ȻĶ׼뿪ˡ
ֻʣǸ׼һˣվԭأЩĿɿڴ
Ҳ뿪ȴΧסˡ
ŷıȫͷųµѹǸ˵ϡ
Ǹ˲ֱһҪ޵ĳ嶯ôﵽ˼㡣
Ǹҿ뿪𣿡Ǹ׼ʵ
뿪ĻһָоŷԻɱ


2354 δҵ
˵أŷЦЦ
԰ɣԷС˵
ŷҡͷǸ׼ʧ
ҪôǸ׼𿪿ڣһľ
ֱˣͬʱղģȻĻô˵Ļ˶ˣһ
ȻЩ׼𶼲
һǵЩҲ˽⣬ıԴͲǵĶ֡
ڣǱһ磬òıԴΣˣҲҪ䡣
ңһ˵ķŷ綢Ǹ׼
Ǹ׼һ£ָָɽ
ʲô˼ŷüͷһ塣
ɽ֮У̺İأ˸İ취ǣʹǣҲ޷ɽٻǸ׼𿪿ڽ͡
ŷüͷһ壬Ȼˣ֪ɽ֮İء
Ǻں˵ģλ谮񽫣ӵʱԽɽʸܣ֮˵֪Ǹ׼Ͻ˵뵽ں񽫵³һаԼһҪǰˣĻ϶ɵԼ
Ϊһ׼ԹŷʱҲûеһֵսľĸо
ŷһ£֮иɵһˣȻ֪Ķ࣬ơҲ뵽ں񽫼ȻܵĳңºѸõĶ
ˣ뿪ˡŷ֣׼뿪
Ǹ׼δ⣬תߡ
ɢʹӿ쿪ʼһֱеڵĵطҲһң𲢲Ǻġ
ŷ˼һ£ֱɳһǰɽ
ǰĻһ⣬޷ֲķʵͱһÿԽط̽Ѱһ¡
ŷܽ۲˺ܳʱ䣬ŲŷûС
һ򽻲һγһ̺žɱ⡣óȻĻЩŷ綼Ҫشпܱɱ
һһǰУЩ֮䣬ͬʱĳ֣߽һС
ûжԶŷ˺ܳʱ䣬żΪʱ仹кܶࡣﴦ״̬ŷȻҪ೤ʱ䣬ͿԴ϶೤ʱ䡣
Щ߽⣬ŷߵٶȣԽԽ죬ûɽһ
ΰޱȣǳ棬ͬһſ飬ΪװΡ
һϰùŷܵ˾޴ѹ
¶𾪵ɫﾹȻûκѹƣȫָΪ
ʱ򣬹ŷңҺǸһ飬ҪԸ𣬽ȴ˹ŷĻᣬĻһǰɽԱɡ
ָʵ𣬾ǿµģûзƽʱķػͲǿԼû뵽Ȼᷢ顣
裬˿µΧɱŷǳֱ룬ǵĹ֮УѰҸ˵ķ
ŷڹ֮УΰޱȣµķģҲһЩڴĸ򣬹ŷ翴ĺܶд̲סҪĵزġ
ǿѹֳ嶯ڳʵԼͬѰҸţǵķ
ǣұĸ˵õǵĴУŷȴδ棬ҵһİ취̲סüͷɫЩÿ
ѵĴԣǼٵģû취
Ȼ֮䣬ϸ˵飬ֻǹǵĴڶЩһǱ˵֮е飬ûʲôһĵط
ùŷ̾ϢѵҲţǵķ
ٴѰһߣǵóֽۡ
Ҳϡŷ뵽һֿܡ
һ뵽һĻҪɱ𣬸ţǵİ취
ŷãԼҲǲ¶ˣĻһûбҪ˵ԡ
תͷŷһ뿪
ͬʱӣȻһ֮еһײһΡ
ʯŷЦ
ֵˣȻʯʱ뿪ˣʵȴڰн֮Уʱŷ緢͵ϮֻǺܿϧŷˡ
ײһΣŷȻЩδˡ
ʯԾȻΪѹ׼У޵УһεĴڣ׼֮䣬űʵĲͬ
ǹŷ磬ȴԵסܵκˡ
֪ŷųϢĥԳǳϢˡ
һֱʵȻδȥȴӵ˿ʱ


2355 Σ
ʯ䣬ĿⶨڹŷϣĵСˡ
ɫأٴݡ
Ϊʯףɱ˹ŷĻպҪһС
ֻҪŷ볬Ѿ磬Ҫͳһء
뵽ɱ졣
Ƿǳϵˣ˾Ҫɱŷ磬Ծ󻼡
ŷоʯ뷨һЦޱȣʯɱ⣬ʯһԷҪɱŷҲɱ
Ͼӵһˣڹŷ˵µģ޷֮С
֮Уǿߣ£ڳ˵ûκܿԡ
뵽ŷһѾ˳ȥʱ޷֮С
ҪɱңҲ뷨ʯŭӦ˹ŷ뷨ȻҪɱԼʯ۾ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱ˹ŷһ
ŷƲ죬Щν𣬶УԼҪɱˣȴɱ⣬ЦҪ
ûжԣֱӳ֡
Ȼûֻսףǹŷˣǿߡ
ս˲䱬ɫɫһ𣬱µĲ
ʯХһ˫쵶Źŷ磬ֱҪɱˡ
ǼҲɱݺ֮ϣ챻飬رˣһֿµľĩһ
֮е˵һսǿ档
ѹΪһҲ
˼棬ŷս죬ѪڣתŴ򣬱˳ȥ
ʯҲһ̤ش֮ϣ䶼Ľ°󣬾˵˼㡣ս˼ޣҪնɱŷ硣
ˡ
һʯϿһ渡֣ѹŷ硣
ŷ糤Хݺգϱֱӳ档
ʯһ컯棬ȫʢʱڣɱͬĸ֣ǴʱȻһ󱲳ơ
ٴγ֣ʮǧգȫ£ŷն˹ȥ
ŷָ˸ֻ۳Ȼʮǧսȥûһ㲨
ֻǣɫ΢΢һ죬ȻЩ
ҾͲţһɱһϡʯŭ˵ĻΪ𣬽ȴһٵɱ˹ŷ磬ŭ˼㡣
ŷ絭һЦʱӴˣֻϵս⣬Ҳӵǿˡ
ж߶ԷȻ𣬵ǾԲôɱġ
һսŷʩչԼֶΣãɱ˶Է
ʯҲһɫѿ˼㣬Ϊսļܵһֿµ󣬹ŷʵڲͣĥ
ϢԽԽеֿ
ŷ绹΢΢һЩ·磬սļ
ֽʯ޷ܡ
һʮǳ޾ľûڣһŻ⡣
ͬһ磬סŷ磬ȻҪĽ
ŷ˿µΣܵһв
ĵſµܡ
˲䣬ŷͱյƤʹҽɣϤһйҲûãΪֵ̫ˣĵԴ֮һֳصĴʹŷڶʱ֮ڣҲ޷˵ˡ
һƴˣһ¯ų˵Ĺ⣬Ƶ
ȻûΪҲܹоһǿڱתȫķ
Ȼˣ£ŷȻδơ
弸ҪˣԷϧһдۣҪɱȼԼʩչĵ𣬿µ˼㡣
󣬹ŷҲˣȻתЩ
˿϶ùŷˣ޷ֵȻա
ʯЦȼյԴȻ𣬶ܹ޷չֳܣʩչֶΣΪ˱ɱŷ硣
ʱŷ飬ʯЦгŷǷˡ
û˿յĵԴȼճĻ棬Իٵһ
Ϊ޷Ļ档
ŷ罫ԼڣԿĹڱս˼Ҫȫջˡ
ǣɫȴǳƽüķ⣬סԪͷųһǣŵ𣬽֮еĸ֡
ˡʯ̾
Ѿһˣŷ羹Ȼյ͵֮еĸֻܹĸ졣
ļսˣѪҪոˡ
峹ױջ٣ŷԪȻҲס϶ܿ챻


2356 һɱ
ʯЦҪɱδһУȻˡ
ȻһĵҲǷǳĶֻ࣬ҪõֻƬģĲʲô
мֻҪɱ˹ŷ磬ԽֻƬ֡
˿ֻƬһ𣬼˵ˣֻҪõˣܹܶණ
ҲΪֻƬԭ򣬽ѾҲ˵
־磬޵Уܣĺ޼ɡ
˵ҲǴȴᣬҪɱǣʵ̫ˣȻλ涼ˣȻ
㣬ҲָľǴѡ
ŷϣһȫٵʼ漰Ԫ
ŷҪˣʱ飬ȫһļ£ǲ֪ԭ򣬲׷ʲô顣
áоһ
˶Ŀʱ֮еǿߣ̬϶ʲô鷢ˡ
뿪һ¡μ˲۾һͷŭʨһ
ֱ˺Ѵϣ뿪
ı֣һ뵽һֿܡŷ⣬ҿΣգȻĻһȻĹΣı֡
뵽˶ˡҪ׷ȥȴһסˡ
Ҫȥԯ˵
ϹΣաǽȣ۾ˡ
ģǸղŶŸӦŷΣյУңܾҪˡﻹܹסҪϹȥ
Ϲ޷ԵΣգȥʲôãʵĴѾȥˣҪҡԯǳʱΪ˸޵еľ磬ǳ֮£Ȼһϡ
жЩģȴҲԯĻ
ٻȻϵĴˣǶ֪ٻͣͲ£ܶ飬ԯڹ
ŷĺ󹬣ԯ˵ǾԵȨ
ʱ򣬹ŷ缸ҪˣԪյļҪ壬ֻһԻڡ
ǣĵ˭Ҳܹȥ
ˣҪˡʯЦ˵⣬ʵϣһҲǳ󣬹ŷټһʱ䲻ĻҲŲȥˡ
ԴҪ˷ոɾŻ˻ȥ
ȻǳѣҲûôԴȥȼգͬھķһ㲻ʩչ
ֻǣʯԼ𣬹ŷʵŸ顣ǻһ𣬴ʯʯҲǱľ
ֻҪٰһᣬŷˣм
һ˵ֱ̬Щ˼飬ֻɱһ֮µʿѣȻ⴫ȥԻᾪܶ˵°͡
Ϊ𣿡ڴʱŷ
ʲôʯп
ŷ屻ճ˷棬ڴʱ֮ȴ˵
岻࣬ȻǵҪڶʱ֮Ҳܣãĵһɱ䡣ŷ˵
ڴʱ֮УϢӿֲͬʱŷԪҲգǿĲ
ղţԪ֮ô׵ıٵΪŷ罫еľ£һγһ㡣
Щյģǹŷʧȥķѡ
Ԫ񾫻һõȫһɱ䡣
ȻȻˣŷҲΣգһ
Ǵʱƶǿˡ
ڵ֮վ͵һ㡣
ֻһȭŷ㽫ˡ
˳ŶԷɱ졣
ʯѪܣɫ԰ףŵĶŹŷ硣
һµ϶ѣȻ򣬵ǾȻĵ֮дǺεȵľˡ
˵ʯֻ֪Ҫŷɳ𾳽磬һҪˡ
ʱûȫɱ㡣ʯɫ֮дһ˿ںޡ
֮Уֱɱŷ磬Ͳ龰ˡ
ǣھǺڣѾˡ
ŷǿˣֻҪܹ֮ٻص֮УʯʱԹŷҲûκΰ취
ȻûȥɡɱһεĹŷ磬ǿ嫺ְ磬Щ𺳡
ڵĹŷ磬ֻһܹʼ漶磬ʵѾԽǸ̫ˡ
ȻŷҲܹһսŲܡ
Ȼûɱ㣬ҪɱңҲǲܵġʯĮȻ˵Ҫ뿪Ļŷһ˵ס
ټһءڴʱһ
γ֣ʯɱ졣
ʯ˹һۣ΢΢ɫЦϡ


2357 Դս
ŷ͹ˣԷΧм䣬ʯĻŷЦϣ㲻֪ҵĸףҵһ£ڸҵġ
˻һʯɫ
ŷĸףѹ˵ô񡣶һгء
ʱһ𣬽Χм䡣
Ҫɱʯ֮ǰҲѣڣŷһɱ䣬ʯʵһЩпܡ
뵽ʯһ
ǹĺ͹ŷһĻҲҪҪΣˡ
£վҲҪһ졣
˵ϣζʯ
ʯЦȻˣվĮĵͷɫм
ЦˣϱµѪƵȻʼ漶
ŷ綼ĿɿڴΪԼһɱ䣬϶ͳԽԼˣȴû뵽αҪ죬Ƚʼ硣
һ£ŷ絹һ㶼⡣
Щһֱսѹ̫ˣھǱҲ̫ˡ
һʱ侲ģЩõĶȫڻͨʼ澳磬һ顣
ҪٹһʱͻƣΪ֤ϣҲʵѡڽͻưѡε˵ʯɫƽȴһĪϣʯһľĸо
ţԼΪ𣬾Ȼһµʿŵˣһֳ衣
ŭ죬ŹΣɱȻǣʱĲҳ֣Ϊ˺ǿضĵطɱ
뵽͵س֣˹˹ȥ
κ͹ŷ˼ͬһʱ䣬ȫ֣µ
ǣǵɫȴˣΪʯɭȻһЦתȻ˹ȥ
ʯʵǸͲ׷϶Է
ˡ
˶һۣԷеء
һ𣬶Էӵˣ֮У޷ɱԷ鷳ˡһŭ𣬶Իٵһ
ͬʱ˳ȥҪض϶Էȥ·
ãʯЦֱӳ
ŷ͹ֹҳȥ
鷳ˡŷüͷ֪á
ҵĵĲһ㣬ʯȥ鷳üͷûи̤
ʯǿߣΪָʱһͷͿɱǡ
ҳȥŷѾܲôˣʯȥ磬ˡ
ŷ֪ʵԼǰȥҲûκãסԷǣ֮У͵ŷҲ
֮УˣѣĿŶԷȥ
Ҫȥ
һǹοڣֻƬ֮o
ŷһ£ղҪٻֻƬģ֮еŲءôôûйϵ
ǰĶǸơ
ŷ׵ĺܣظˣԼߵ˶չ˲ã˵Ҳûκá
ΪʲôŷЩżѯʡ
粻еô򵥣ûһڳֹ磬ٽģʯġֻƬoڣŷ͡
ŷһ絽̺ʲôôôأһ𶼲̤롣
ǿߣųܣ֮䣬Ըһ򡣵εǿƣڳǿǰ㲻ʲôһɨƽһֱû䡣
ʱ磬͵Ľһȣ˺ܶࡣ
֮еʲôŷ̲סʵ
ֻƬo֪ܶණǺȻûи߹ŷ뷨
Ȼŷ֮Ĭһᣬűһ䣺ʱ̫ǲˡ
ŷ緭һۣŲйء
ֻ㣬컯ػأȻǵĵˣҲԲ˸磬ؼʱ̣򶼻ֵסʯֻƬo˵
ϢӾˡ
컯죬һڣŷ綼δѣǣֻƬȴ˵Ƕסġ
Ϊʲôŷ̲סʵ
п϶֪ԭ
ֻҪסΨһľˣһԴ磬Ҳ֮սᡣֻƬo˵
ŷ͹ȴ̲סɫЩľ
Ƕᵽһ˼ǾδӦûΪǿ߹עĵط
һԴǲʲô˼һн֮սᣬǾһֲõĲ²ˡ
ȵѯʵʱֻƬȴͣߴٹŷ磬ʵ
Ѿһɱ䣬ʱ֮ڣдͻ˰ɣŷüͷԼڵ״̬


2358 

ֻƬoڣ˵Ļ
ŷȻӣѵʲô취԰ͻƣ
ѪԸⳢԲֻƬڣ˵
ŷȻѪ£Ҫ֪ղŵԴγɵĵһɱ䡣
ѪǿҲܱԴĵҪɡ
Ǹܵŷ뷨ֻƬoʯѹƣûһƣ𣬺ɨϵ޵УһξѪԶ壬һͷǬ
ŷʶһ㣬ͬʱҲֻƬo˼ˣҪԼȫʢʱڵѪ壬нĥ¡
飬ΣգһСģͻ䡣
ǣǳɹ֮󣬹ŷĺôΪԻͻͽ
Ѫź嫵ķ͵ۣѹһУŷֻҪѹƣЩ͵ۿ⣬൱ںһڼս
Ѫŷ̲סʵ
ͬ⣬ѪҲǺõõġ
ʱֻƬ˹Ǹ磬һſѪ֣ȫɢֲĲ
ŷһָоЩѪ飬һΣشԼ
ľѪ̺һµ˼㣬ûѹƣһѪ֪ٸ硣
սҳûռǵѪĥ㡣ֻƬoͣΪŷ˵ЩѪ
οȣ̲סʵҲѪ𣿡
С
ֻƬoֱӾܾ
ȻΪԷһ϶Ĵ𰸣Էȴ˵С
̫СˣһѪɱ㡣ֻƬo˵һ㶼ûиӡ
ĿɿڴСʲôʱ˺˵ֻţһ·ߵڣǿƵһͿʱǽʼ漶ʵƿ¡
ڼʹҲڶԷһվ
ǣȴֻƬ˵Сһܵ˺ܴĴ
ǹ㣬˵һʵȷʵ̫СˣϢܲסֻƬoͣҲ뵽һ⣬ǹŷĸףԼǸŹŷģԷӣȷʵе㲻á
ҶôܹܣλЩģԼСǲܵġ
սϢĥԼȻȫʢʱڵϢѾһĵֿԴĵĥԼһɱ䣬ѪʵȻĻǹŷҲСֻƬͣǺϸ
ùƣû˵
ʵϣҲ̫Сˣǹŷľġ
ڹһǿƵ˵ҪԼˣǸ˸ԼĶӣʵе㲻ܽܡ
뵽ֻƬo˵һξѪһ¡
֡
ŷ̲סһԼܹϢоһĿܣû뵽ξȻľ
ˡֻƬo̲ס˳
ҹΣţʱûʲôѵҵ飬ȱʱ䣬һǰȻε˵ƽӹң·ɽͲȫİȫΣտ϶ٲ˵ġ
ѪĥҲΣգδرʱѹҪǿ
ֻ֣Ƭoʵ
εͷûκԥ
áһξѪ˳һϢסȻС
ϣܹȥžѪֻƬ
ŷܹоһžѪֻƬ棬ʱθһУܵ˿µĥѡ
˲ͷˣָܿǲ֮󣬱ٴը顣
ŷɫЩģ֪Լ޷ıεľ
ֻƬ¶ѯʵɫ
Щսǿô죿ЩǣԷľѪˣ϶ܹµֻƬģҪֻƬֵĻȻֻƬǿ󣬿ҲҪܵΣ
ģˣһܻһͲˡֻƬoڣһȻܹӦ
ʱҪָԭܣԱܣ
ŷŷģ˵ͷöԷԼ£ȥʼĥԼ
һžѪ˹ɢֲ
ŷһһΣʮζˡ
ҪɾǿߣҪǿҪһءֻƬo
ŷԥһ£ѡվﲻЩѪԼΧˡ
һᶨ˼㡣


2359 
ŷ֮еֿϢǴʱȴֱӷ飬һûС
Ĺʧȫը顣
ǣŷһ鲻𣬿ͷųԼĵԼķϢ͵
һʹḶ́Ҳ쳣ļ尾
ŷ־ҪģˣۼѪ⣬塣
ǲ֮󣬹ŷٴը飬Ԫ񶼿ʼֽ⡣
ʹ࣬ݡ
Ѫ̫ˡʵﵽŷ̶ֳȣƲ࣬ǴʱҲãһ㱻ĥ
ҲʣҪǿҪȺۡŷ֮дźƴ־ٴθա
ǣ𣬼ʹǿҲ޷ĳȣ˲䣬ŷٴըˡ
һ̣ͣĳ֣
˿ˣ϶̲סľΪʵ̫ĥˣ޷ܡ
ǣŷȴİ
ɱ䣬ÿһμֵʱ䣬һ㡣
ڿĵĵͬʱǵĵÿһθգŷڴһµ⣬ŷʵҲøǿ
ÿʱÿ̶ڳɳǰ
ֻƬ֮еoǷˣŷסˣȻȻը飬Ѿû̫Σա
ֻҪʵǿƿЩѪʱ򣬱Գ
ڴʱֻƬoע⵽˹ε
˾ȻļˣֻƬ𺳣Щš
ΪμһξѪδĥ𡣷ǿը飬Ҳڼٵĳɳ
ȻһˣһֻƬo̾
һ̣һѪɹȥûڵĵط
ˣͬĥҲͬڱǿ
֮£ŷı仯ӵľˣԼ֪ԼѾը˶ٴΡֻ֪ԼڵʵúǿѪȻܹ˺Ѿвˡ
̶ֳȣʱ򣬹ŷһ
һӴɱ⣬һֱӽĥˡ
ڳɱ⣬ֻƬͷųŷĥ
һطҲһͬʹࡣ
ֻƬ֮Уսһ֣ն˴ͷ­ɱԪ
һԼҲѪ˵ϡ
һδȥʵϣвսǿ߶ˣֻһ
ŰͳΣˡһЦɫ֮гʹ죬۽뵽ʲôվȻ
ʱһ𣬼ֱһһʹĴޡ
Ժ֮Уһ渡֡һҸˣȴһ˵ŭ͵ˡһִֻĨɱһȡԭȻɽǸȵ˲˳ۣǲӦôڡ
һǸʱðʦѧգδǸ֮СʱֻбĴأĸֵܣҲЩڡ
֪֮һŬҪΪԼĸĸ
죬ˣ𱻻ɱ
Ҳһˡһһӳ֣òӢվһ̰˻ϵơ
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㵽ʲôˣ̲סʵɫ֮г𺳡
Կ϶Բ𣬳ûôǿʵ
ǣ˭ֻ֪Կ϶ԲĬĬ֮ˡ
ֻأȻҲԳƺΪۡǸӻش¶һĨЦݣƬضȻʧɫ
ֻأۣһɴ۾Ϊβ֪˵ݡ
ôܣ㲻ʧô֣˵Ѿˡһһš
ۣ˵֮еĴѣ㿪һУңڡ
ԣͻλ뿪ǰµλ棬Ҳһ˵˵۱˻ɱˣ䡣һ˵ǾǵԼһλ棬ȥˣٺλ
ͬ˵һ֣˵˵۲λ浱С
ֻǣһû뵽ǣ۾ȻԼǰ
µǿߣ뵽ĻԻսһ𶼻ڵеĳǿߣ֪ж١
֮䣬Ȼ˲޾гУѾһˡ
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˭Ҳû뵽۾Ȼˡ֮УֻƬ֮ڡ
ҵܵˣѳΪŸֻ֣֮Уû뵽޾֮˽ֻƬۼȻֻа˿飬ҲҸˡ۸̾˵
۵ĻһĬ
˶ҪֻأЩ𣬸ˣȴû뵽ֻۣ۾ͻعˣĻ˵һ𣬾ǴѣҲδܹõֻƬ
Ȿǵ۵Ķȵۻع֮˭˿õߣû˿
϶ֻǸЩİɣһŵۣʵ
ܹΪȻɵӣʱȻ顣
۵ͷʹĳˡ
˵һ˵
һֻƬڵУϲûֱ˵ԼҪ
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ҲȥֱӾܾ
üͷ˵ֻҪһֻƬһҰΪѡ
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Ǳ˵϶ţǵۼȻ˵š
Ϊʵڴ֮У˺Զһ𣬳Ϊңһ¡
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ŭ˵棬ȻǳǿߣҲⲻһ
ԣһѡȥ侲Ϊôͷԡ
һĻ΢΢̾ϢһҲԼȷʵеǿˡ
棬Ǵ֮еǿߣۡȴܵǿߡʹûлָȫʢʱڣҲǶ֣οһѡ
ңϲˣһһȥҪֻƬᱻΪˣһǿ˵ɾ޷ܵһ顣
ˣһǵȴһ°ɣǸСֻҪɳʱͿ԰һʣµֻƬ۵˵ЩʧͬʱҲԼЩżˡ
ѾȥôԶʱ䣬ٵȴһʱ䡣
һ˲۵˼˵ŷպԳɳۺ͵Ǹز𺳣ֱΪԼˡ
ܵһ뷨۵˵Сƹŷˡ
ʧͬʱһҪ߹ŷԼĴڣֻǽֻƬo
һȻΥ۵ķԸ˭֪ڵĵ۵ʵָʲôزҲѵģҪɱ벻̫ѡ
һֱӵͷңҲûи߹ŷıҪ
һ뿪ֻƬ֮Уص򣬴ʱ֮УֻʣһǾһˡ
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ٻǿߣΪԼãȴһһǳƣκײеΪᱻͷ
һЩǿǣʱȴǷˡ
һȻǰҪǿöࡣңһֻǷԸһЩ飬ѣҲѹȣЩǿмһǶһء
û£ŷ綼֪Լ˶೤ʱ䣬Ҳ֪Լը˶ٴΣǣȴ֪ʱһĹȥʵøǿ
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ܶ˸ܵǹϢ¶Ȼɫѵ֮Уֳһǿߣתͷ˭Ҳûȥ
ΪѾоˣһǰȥˣĻûʲôˡ
ŷ羡ͷԼϢ쵽˼㣬ǿĸо̲ס쳤Х
ŹŷХǳը飬رҺãһе飬ûзѡ
ŷҲʶ˲ףϽ졣
ѹƵͻȻŷ¶ȵɫ𺳵ķ֣һϣȻѹ
һַ򣬼ǿԹŷڵʵûа취Υַ
ϲʵһһ֣ϵЦݡ
һŷ¶ɫͬʱҲЩ֣һô뿪ֻƬγɵĴ磿
Ҫ֪֣ûдǸ硣
ҷߵģǵˡһֻƬo
ŷһ¶һĨЦݡϲһˣ֮Уˡ
һ̾ϢЩѹ˵һսеĺȫսֻҹ͵
ŷ𺳣һսǺεȲңֻʣһһˡ
һӣȷʵѹȻһ֮ˣǿԵѡ
һڰȥվȥˣŵվҪȥһ飬Ҫһ𡣡ŷ뵽ԼĿģţǣڻûҵ취ء


2360 սȫʢ
ŷĻһɫһ˵ͷȻףҲ֪ŷҪʲô顣
㡣һóһݸ˹ŷ硣
һʯͷʰ쵣ɫʣںһԵۼ
ŷֻǿһۣȻһ㱻ȥˡ
Сġһһʱùŷ˹
ŷ̲סһڵʵֻ̤׼ʵԶԶԽĴڣȻһ㱻һʯͷ
һϣһԼһ͡
ʯĹЧֻҪߵ֣ٻһƲлꡣһ͵
һĻŷ𾪡
еȻô¡ٻߵһƲл꣬һ˸Ļֱ̫ˡ
ڵľ磬еǰ취һ㡣
֮и˵İ취ŷ¶Ȼɫ
ŷһҪסʯ֮࣬УҲûм飬ұٵ٣ʣǲһ֮ʯϵĸŷѳȥ֮󣬲Ҫ͸¶Ϣ֮ܵѡһĶ
ʱǰδеС
ȫնɱһһҲȫսֻʣһʲôĻһȷʵеľ֧ĸо
ŷȻһ㣬Է͸ʯŷѾмˣȻԷ鷳
Ҽסˡŷ˵
ŷĻһ¶ĵɫ
֪ŷһˣһ˵ĻǾͿ϶ء
ֻأҸʲôʱܹУڵʵԿ𣿡ŷʵ֮Щ
ղһ£ĥʱ䣬ȻѾǧꡣ
ڹŷ˵һ¡ǧص¾ȥˣҲ֪ôˡ
һ㡣ŷ˵
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ҪĻҪܹع飬ŷֱ
Ҫżۼڡ
ŷ緭һۣЦǲżȴһΪ֮УŹŷ̫ǣˡ
ˣĺѣ֮Уһʲô⣬ŷֱ޷Լܲܽܡ
㸸׳һ뿪ڲ𣬵ֻս׵ĻһսȻյĽ϶䣬ҲҪѪܵµشٻᱻߴƮƮĽ͵
Ļŷ۾ˡһ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ڣһûеˣûһˣ˭Լٵ
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˿ʱȻЩǹŷȴѾ֪Լˡ
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ֻأôҪ鵽̶ȣʲô𣿡ۺЦĽ͡
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ֻһν֣αɳȥŹŷ磬ȻԼ˫֣ΪԼоˡ
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֣ͽʵɡǹŷ磬һЦݣȻ쳣ˡ
˹ŷһۣμʵ
ȻԼӶ򲻹ˣ̼ܴ
Ҫ֪ǰЩռʱ򣬹ŷʵǲء
뵽һ£¶𾪵ɫԲۣȥһǧˡ
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ֱʵҶڵʵԿ𲻣
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ȻԸԳĴӹεϿʧɫ
ŷ̲סһۣ۾ǹģղžԼ˵ġ
ԹŷϽͣ˵һС
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ŷڵʵͻͽʱɲŷ̼ܵʱòˡ
ɲԼòҵһϣΪԼǸڵˣϵˡ
֪ˣ¡Ʋ죬Щơ
ŷٺһЦǶֻصѳ˸м֪Լ׵ԸǲѵĻ֪ʲôء
ĳڣ뿪
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һ£ƺƵ˿µϡ
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䡣ըǳɻˡ
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סһɱһޱǿ󣬵ȴһ׼סˡңԷܵ˷üѪһǿĳѣȻˡ
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ǷӺõĻҲŷԻɱһ
ڹŷ˵Ųһ塣ԣս죬ҪһӶ

ʯŭ֮гɱ⡣
˵֮ҲͰˣ磬ŷ羹ȻҶ¶ɱ⡣
ֱӸ˹ȥ죬Ҫһ
ŷɫأܵƣ̫ˣԷȫ֣֮²ɵСûֻսףŷԲһĶ֡
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ŷ糤ХҲչ˹
ͨվ֣ɱһС
ըŷɳȥȴûиˡֻս׷⣬ס˴󲿷ֵһЩŷ绹ܹܡ
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ŷ羹ȻסȫһûˣȻ˳ȥĿ⾼ս졣
ҲҪɱһˡŷЦ˵Ļ
ʯŭ죬һСС϶ѣȻҲ˵Ҫɱ
ٴγ֣ȣһӣԶʹŷѹ档
ŷüķ⣬罣ɳŷƿУȻֱ˳ȥ
ʵһС
ӱնϣŷ˳쳤Х˷𶯣Ȼŷ֣Ȼȡ˽ɱ
ôֻս֮еĵ̲ס̾ŷ˫ǱҲȥֻսףɱս÷
ƿ罣ֱն䣬Ҫֱӽʯ롣
ʯЦͬûһѳסŷһ˼սһÿһλӶһֿµĴ֮
һֿµľǿ棬չΪҵĲɱ
ŷ罣Ǻӣǽ֣ҵ˼㡣
ֽɱʯ˴岻ʱıŷն飬ŷȻҲˣֻƬţ֮£Ҫ˲֪١
ʯŭͬʱֻս׵֮У̰
õֻսףʹǲƵģҲܹ֮޵ˡ뵽ɱŨˡ
ûѹƣʤһԼ
ʵϣŷڵķǳӶ罣ɱÿһҪȫԸȻĻŷͲȡս
̫ǿʵѹĹŷЩ


2361 ֮
ŷսȴǿˡ
һˣ۲ӡ
ּ̧䣬޾ͨײһ̣ȫˡʯŭ𣬴뵽һǧǰҲһ޷ѹһϡ
ڣʷݡܹܣҪ˹ŷĶˡ
ɱɱ죬𶯾ʮء
ŷƿ罣һһ棬ȻʯС
󣬹ŷУ޾ʯһս
ǼҲɱѪȾսףҵ˼㡣
Ѫˣһ١ŷȻҲˣȴ԰ˡ
ǵ˵ģĶ֣ǿѪҪɱŷ磬ҪѺܴĴۣǾͲ׳ˡ
ȵʱٳһ㣬ŷʵͻƣԲǿߡ
߳Լĵ޵ʥˣԼŬ츳սԶԶԽһʿ
һ·ŷзɣսԼ߾Ĵڣ
ʱһż֮£ŷϣ̤żԵ;𣬹ŷ罫һʶǸ磬Ҫſµɱ䡣
ʱսڼŷѪ£Ҵǧ꣬Ѿߵһս
һҫʷˡ
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ң֮У鲢ܴ࣬һƬ֮У޷һԣŷ粻õᱻ
ֻսףתصػŹŷ磬һս
Ǵӻ֮Уֱִһ֮СŷѪʯҲһѪΪ𣬱ŷ˺üΡ
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һս֮б
ŷ۲һڼս΢е㲻СģͻᱻɱҪȫԸ
ʲôˣ
һŭЩϤſµս⣬˹
Գ档ŷϲԳ棬û뵽Լ֮С
ŷʱԳҲһ£ԺЦһֱʯɱ˹ȥ͹ŷǹĽ飬ڹŷսȻҪæ
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ڴʱɴ۾Ϊŷ緢֣Գϣͬͷųڴ֮ϣǿϢĲ
ŷһָоʱԳ棬ҪȫʢʱڵʯҪǿơ
ŷֵܣİɣѾΪ𣬴Ӵ֮䣬û˿۸㡣ԳЦ̶ǧʱ䣬Ϊһǿ˾ߡ
Գıֺ츳ʹոս磬ҲǷǳµġ
ʯɫѿû뵽Լѡ򣬾Ȼŷһ֡һ½ǹŷѣ˵飬֪֮ĹϵԵҪõĺݺܡ
뵽ʯһҧֱӱһѪ⣬Ȼ뿪
ʯ뿪ķ򣬹ŷ˶û׷ȥʱһ£Ȼڲ̽
ߡ
ԳߣһֱӸе̽ӡ
ҵ򣬶߿ԳԵ˵ΪѾ꣬ѾЩƢ
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ʵϣЩҲչܶսһЩǿߣԳĸոճΪǿߣҪע⣬Լʵ
ǣȴЩ𱻻ܣһλ𣬲һ㱻ɱ
ʱЩʵ˲١
áŷͻȻʶһ⣬ʯˣǹλʯҪɱεĻεסʯĹ
ʱһŷˡ
ǹε߹ŷ磬Ѿص硣
Щ˲飬ʵȻôֲĵزˡԳŹŷ磬һĸ̾
ܵ˹ŷ˫Ŷ꣬ȻߵһȻûгΪȴںս
ŷЦѪĥǧ꣬ôǿ󣬸Ͳ֡
һط˽ǣȻһ졣ܵŷΪʱ򣬽ȫ𺳡
˭Ҳû뵽ǧʱ䣬겻ǵСʿѾɳһ
ʵ˵ҪɱҵĻҪУ̲סʵʱ꣬Ҳ׼У컯
滰Ǽٻŷʵ
滰ܴ׼
֮䡣ŷ˵ĸ֡
ĮȻȻĶŹŷ磬³һ仰̬
ΪҲʹԳ⣬ԳĴ𰸣͹ŷһҲһ仰֮䡣
ڰʱĹŷ磬ѾΪǸǿˡȻĻԲֶΣ֮ɱһ׼
ŷֵȻΪûдﵽ־磬սѾˡԳ˵


2362 ʧ
˻һ𺳣׵ĸߴңŷѾվ׼ָ߶ȣʹ磬Ҳ١
ǶһۣԷеĸ̾
콾ţǲ֪ʲôݹŷ磬ڿʲôݹŷ磬Щ㡣
ʵ̫ˣ츳ͱ֣
ǧ갡һӶ˹ȥˡơ
ڴʱһƿֱ˹ڽԴϱ
һѣһֻ칷ɵŭŽ˵ʲôãң
һ£ȻЦãôλˣϽǸ
ʱǸ칷ǿ߲ԭ½˽ĵǸ˿Цã
Ǳŷ飬Ǻ˲١
ԳҲ¶ЦݣȻѾΪˣϲģǺһȺһûºȾ졣
޾£ͬˣʵ̫ˡ
ŷǹԳһȻ𣬵Ƿͷȴ
Ϊ˶ܵ˹ŷ˫֪𣬲ֻʱˣȵŷ̤򣬿ǿԳ棬ҲǹŷĶˡ
֮󣬹ŷ뿪
ҪؼˣǧĹŷѾЩˡ
磬һƬ١ûǿ֣Ϊ֪ʵǿ׼𶼿ɱ
Ȼ֮սʧǧʱˣ˭ҲΪѾ䡣ǿ϶ڱչأʿչأǧ꣬ʵ̫ˡ
ŷʱ򣬴ҺܸˡŷȴЩԣΪ˵УһЩǳ
ʲô飿ŷ̲סʵ
ӺŮʧˡԯ쿪ڣ˹ŷ顣
ŷüͷһ壬ӺŮʧˣǧ֮ǰ˵ǳȥȥˣŷҲǣû̫ڹʣԯ˼֮仹ϵ
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ˣҲǵϢС߳ѾǸ޵Уǰһǰ벽ѣĽ˼棬Ļ츳Ѿ˰벽ˡ
ԯݺᡢۣѾ硣ڤٶ֮ǰ벽ѣڳ̸ߵĲΡ
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ڵʵȻ𣬶֮䣬Բ򡣵ҪҵˣǷǳ򵥵ġ
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ۺڤǶһۣԷеţû뵽ǽ˰벽Ѿ磬ȴ͹ŷ֮Ĳ࣬ĸˡ
ڣŷϢЩܲס
ûн׼𣬵ֻսףԺһ𿹺⡣νͣ˵𺳣Ϊ˽͵
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ʱƣ֮Ĳ࣬ԽԽ
ŷ֮УһЩĵطٽ֮⣬ܿһ顣ǣδҵӵϢ
ֻһֿܣԷˣȻĻԹŷʵҲǡ
һֿܣǾ˱ץȥŷ粻ٽЩ޷ҵˡ
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ŷͷȻҡҡͷ
ҲпǱһָоң֪ʲôĿģǿԿ϶ǲ⣬ץסӣӦĳЩʱвҵġŷо˸
ʵѾ㹻ǿԺ̹ȻĽеĸо˵˳
ǰŷ֪ҲԲ˵ġ
ʲô˳Ծ
ж˸ŹʣŹŷ磬û뵽Ȼһֱ
Ҳ֪ҪõʲôӦúνйϵҲԴеģھҪҵϵõʲôҲҪҵĴۡŷЦء
ϷԼ˳ȥ
һЩصĵطһ󲨶ǺܿƽϢ
һЩӵĵطʱЩùŷɫһӾȻоˣЩ𣬲һͳˡ
͹ŷ²һȻڴ⣬Ҳֹһ
к˸֪һЩʲôڵʵȻҲоЩ


2363 ˶
ŷع飬۵ʧˣӦǱץˣþǷ߿
ܶΪ۷ŭ
ҲһЩĿ䣬ųա˶۶ˣҪʵ۲һս
޹ŷ磬ûн磬һҷǳ
Ļ㣬֮еľ󲿷˾Ѳȥ˵һˡ
˶۵ĺãһ֮۳ɺڵĹ棬γɸ̲֮סһɾηĸо˵е칬ҲͲ˰ɡ
ŷ֮֮УԼ·Ѿ꣬Դһλ֮󣬹ŷһֱ
Ҫͻƣ׼С
һǰŷ档
ŷԾֱվһ뿪
۵ſڣվȻϵϢȴŷ綼͸
ǰȻΪʵǿ˾ηŷ̾
һǿߣĻôῴ͸ϢѹҲǹŷ磬κڵǰоڡ
ҵݣѾˣӦҲĵˡ𵭵һЦ
ŷͷʲôʱ򣬵𶼲ǵˡ
ңӵӵĿ˵ǴͣѾﵽ˴ѵľ磬ֻˣʵôԣԲûͻơ
һʱԽѵˣʵֲ졣
Ǹһѵġ˵
ŷһ֪Է˵飬ºҪ
Ҫ׽볬Ѿ磬ܹһͻƣΪѣȻĻԲҪͻơͬʱʩչֶΣڸһ
ʱȻǿߣҲ֪˵ʲô
ŷ𾪣ΪʲôҪԼҸ棿ŵ¶ɻɫ
˶㣬ؼʱ̣ҪժȡĵɾԼһֱͬ޵У仹пԺ˴ڣǽֻǽ볬Ѿ磬ɱ㣬ΪǸ˵ľ㻹Ҫߡ𿪿ڡ
ŷһ׶ԷĻ˼˵һѶء
ùŷǣͬʱгأ׼𣬿սѣԼԲǡ
ǣȻ볬Ѿ磬ŷҲԲ˵Լܹսѣּǿߣʲ֮£֮ͬУͬ޵С
ҪԼ֣˶Էһ󾳽磬ŷȻ
Ǹ˭ŷѯʡ
ڴʱȷʵɫ΢΢һ䣬˲ʧ
һ޵ѹָоùŷ綼һִĸо
ʱȻǿߡڴʱ̲סڣ̾һ䡣
ŷƶȻ֪۵ݣȴףֻƬoǸһλ۵ģȻ˵ǾͱԷʵȷʵǳ£пܴﵽ˵۵Ǹˡ
ֲõԼǱ˶ϣȻŷ죬𾳽磬ҲᱻɱͲǶԷĶ֡
һҪǸĻǸ˲򵥣ǲܹһٽѾ磬ǧҪͻơ۳Ĭһᣬſѹŷ硣
ŷһ˶˵ˣȻҪ鳹׷ϡ
֪ˡŷ
׼𣬳Ϊѣô򵥡
ǣιŷһҪһ㣬Ϊϵ
ص۵֮У
ʱˮѵõƽǣںܶ˵ȴԸ⿴ľ
Ϊʱһַĸо
ŷ磬ǰһսһգһ硣
һˣ̤֮ϣϢ˺Ѵϣ˹
һµǿߣһһһֳѵϢɢϣ𺳡
𣬲˵֪Էݡ
ֻǣû֪ʲôݣǿ֪Էǳǿ󣬾Բ֮
ǺˣȻսۣһ񽫷Էǳ⡣
ڴʱһ⽫סһ̣Ǹǿ˹֮й⻪һһⱬ飬ȴֻǱ˳ȥ
ŷ֣һ񽫵ǰǸǿߣʵѳֱҪɱˣе𣿡
ƺԷΪѣȻǽԼںͶԷͬȵĵλ档
ǣԷȴЩЦһϣҲҺƵѣ
Źŷ磬ͲУȻϡ
ǷŭŭǸˣһ޲ɱǸˡ
ǵӣȻ߿
ŷȴǵһЦϣʱŹͷˣҲһ£ϻӶսҲնɱҲ˵ǸʱνҲϡ


2364 Ҫն
ԷЦ˲м
Ϊ۷ǿߣ޵ţһ֮µˣôС
ȻдԹŷս죬ҲŶԷԴ֮µϣ磬ܡ
ŷ絭һЦ̾Ϣǰҽʼ澳磬ֻսףԺһսѪѾ׼Ȼ֮ߵĲԶҪɱңҲֻܹǳ롣
ƽ³ĻöԷɫ΢䡣
ΪҲ֪ݣȻΪˣɱ㣬㲻۸㡣ŷ絭˵赭дЩë
ŷ羹ȻҪɱЩЦ֪ΪʲôȴһַëĸоǶԷ˵ܹһ
ţԼôָܹоѽ޵Уܣһ֮£ԲĶ֡
뵽ƽ˲١
һĨЦŹŷ磬³֣ϡ
Ļһɱ٣ڹŷϣҪ顣
ǣŷȻδоһУ쳣ƽûܵκˡ
𺳣Źŷ磬һš
ɱˣȻ׼۷壬ҲסһͷǱʵĲ𡣵ڣȴɱ˹ŷ磬һֲʵĸо
ܡ˵ٴλһͷҪɱŷ硣
һιŷ綯ˣӶԼʥȭһȭ˳ȥ
ۡ
Ǹͷ飬ɫȭͷϣ˳ȥš
һһѪֻһȭܵ˴ˣѪˡһ˵ⲻ˼飬ǳܹǱȡ
֮£ŷܴݣʤѩֻսϡ
𣬲ǲɵУ㽫̫ǿˡŷ綢ƽ˵
ͷųԼѪγһµĳ򣬽С
գұҪɱһ𡣡ŷӳ
ǿƣֱӳ˹ȥ
ɫȭͷ淨תһУ¡
ɫ䣬Ҳûһ⣬ҲϲĶ֣ǰˣȻѾϵĸ
ʹϣҲòϣŷսʵ
תеɱ˹ȥ͹ŷɫȭͷײһ
һ̣ϼ죬ȫˡǣŷѪγɵĳȴδƣŷ磬ովȣٴγ˹ȥ
й⻪һ罣֣ն˳ȥֱɱ
Хܵвһͷ֮ϸǳȫƿأȻ׹
һնǳȴûв
Цо˵޾ħĤݣվھ֮ϣµһ
ŷ죬ǿµһ̺һ֡
һԿ£Ȼǹŷ綼̲סݡ
ɫأ˫ֽӡڹȥδ֣ȫΪµʥӡ
ȫŷʥûɨһС
飬ʥɢȫˣըһѪ䡣
ֻսףһˣһΪǿ󵽲ɵأЦɭȻĶŹŷ硣
ˣҸղδʹֻսסŷ絭˵Ļı齩סˡ
ܡĺõսףȻãһ㡣
㹻ƣ϶þ취ȥɱˣɵķƲá
ߵ磬ʲôӺǶŵ˵ģһɱʲôûá
ûбҪţҪն𡣡ŷĿ棬ٴγ֡
ǵصĽ£ȫһ𣬻һնǬţһľĿ
ȣͷһ޾סһ
ΪµɱչŷѪֱӳ˻֮С
ǰȥһս֮С
Ļ𾪣ѵҲսǿߵˣ
û˵ֻһʧ
֮У˵Թŷʵˣֻйˣֻ֪Լӣʱ֮ڣɳһ
֮Уŭͬʱ𺳣ſ˹ǵĹŷ磬µĲ
ͣĳ֣µ嶼ǾҪסˡ
ȻΪȻҪˣԷһ׼ѡ
⣬ʱҪߣȴôףŷѾȫסսĽ࣬ȻҲͬ˺ۣǹȴûκͣ١
ֻҪת뿪ͱ


2365 ս
һսһ˲񣬵ȴ
ڻ֮мսΧĻ綼ˣڿٵأһնء
ǿ߽ȫ컯һ
Ȼӵ֮ʵˣҪһ׼УһҪһеģҲܹɹ
ǣŷȴںǼս໥ɱҪն˶Է
ŭѹأɨ죬ҳһ֣ǴʱΪ֮󣬱Ӧþ޵еģȴѹˣԷһ׼𡣵ս̫ˣЩ
Ҳġ֮г˲ʡ
ŷЦͣĳ֣ͨĶԷˡ
սһŷľһµĸ߷塣£һսգȻҲҪȻʧɫ
飬ȴûбɱ
Ϊһ𣬿Ʋ࣬Ҫɱʵ̫ˡ
ǣŷȴޱ飬֡
һɱɱԷڶΣֱһɱΪֹ
ХʱѾˣʧȥ޵еľΪȻᵽϢ
֣̿ӦòŶԣ·Ÿոտʼҫâɣôˡ
ڣȴʧͬȼĵƻ𣬽ҪϨɺڰС
ڹŷʮν֮һֻ£ŷ˹ȥ
ŷЦֱӽֻս׸ϣг罣ֱ˳ȥ
ԷһϢǴʱȴŷһն
ŷ罣ѹ䣬Ǹ棬ֱӽַˡ
һͳôĿŭϣıòһˣвһ
Źŷ磬֫ܣɱ졣
ѣ㡣˵
һǿߣ𺳣컯֮⣬ȻĴڡ
Է͹ŷǵˣʱ¶ϲɫ
һ򲻹ŷ磬𣬲ܲǹŷĶ֡
ҡһĮʯ֣Źŷ硣
ŷϵֻսȫգͷųµܣڹŷϡ
λûĻŷ
˭ɱҵĶӣһ𣬹γ֣ʱ򣬹ŷϵֻսױֱ£͸˹Ρ
ֻսףʱĹΣս
ö𣬽ԴһʹˡһЦԳ£ա
ǿ߶ŷȫս졣
ټ˰ɡŷаЦ
ŹŷĻ֮߳ˣķȫǺһӵͬս
һ壬ɫ䡣
ǾȻ˹ŷ绹ͨʵϣȻԳǲ֣ŷҲδػ
ڣǶˣ֮ϣ·硣
ҾͲˣˣҲҪ죬λѣոսûж꣬ҲҺҵȶ֣Ĳ𣿡в
ԳӦֻ֣Ǿɵơ
üһ㱻ҭԷͲǿơ
ȻǾͳȫ㡣
˳֣ŷɱ˹ȥ
λȫ֣綼𶯡
֮е麧ȻһӴܣû
֪ǿǿߣҪڻ֮жˣĻɡ
ʼŷһս֮սѾǵһˡ
һΣܵ˹ŷ˫
˺ۣսģ̺ĵȻԹŷʣҲڶʱ֮ϡ
Ȼޱȣÿһγ֣̺Ϊֲ
һ򣬹Ϲŷһս
һһĳ嶯֮ǰ͹ŷһսߵĿԣڣȴѾ˾·
ʱҲǷˣչ˿µͨǲҪǮһĴȥҪߵѹơ
ǣ̸ס
ʱĹΣֻսף൱ڸմ֮߳Ĺŷ磬ϹŷһԱߣֱѹŶԷ
һ򣬹ŷһԳһսʯ
ʯǱ˼㣬֮еκһȴһѹں̵ܶʱ֮ڣʯˡ
Щˣ֪á
ǰһĻɫѿôһ޷
˵֣˭ܵʱȴ˶֣ܵ˴Ϊµһս
֮иУһЩ̽ȴܹӽֱӱ顣
ֻһЩΪ嫵ܹӽ֪﷢֮Ҳ𺳡


2366 ǵ
սľ춯أ
һ棬ҪɱԷŷɫᣬѪǾȴһµ۷塣
óȻһµ󣬹ŷڳɳ׼֮УߵĸԶˡ
ļŷսȻڲͣ
Բڳ֮жǿߣǴʱȴˣζһ㱻ش
ȻˣҲѪɫѿ˼㣬Ǳ
ˣǱԵ֣Լʵ¡Ǳ̲סХҪһɱŷģȴû뵽Ȼ䵽һ
ʧȥϵƣŷѹŴ
ļѪΣ֮С
ŷǳָǿˣҪɱ
˾ѪǬ綼ըˣ֪Ļ糹ʧ
ƴˣǾǿµġ
ŷǸо˼ѹȴȻѹƶ֣ͻơ
һսҪնɱĳ
Ųסˣڴʱŷɫ䣬Ȼԥ뿪
һ̣ǳ֮Уŷŭң
һֻ£ȻҪ硣һǿߣʱ֣Źŷ뿪ȻҪĨɱ硣
ŷ羪ŭ˵컯ػǿߣھȻһѸ硣
ֱӳ֣ס磬ȫ˳ȥɱԷ
֮⣬һս֮һѪⱬǸˡ
ŷҲǸʱ䣬˵â֮⣬ɫÿ
ʲô飿ʵ
ղҲǸӦ˳֣Ҫ磬ԲŸϻġ
ҵնɱˣ֪ʲô˳ֵġŷĬһ£˵Ϣ
Գǻһһš
ŷķʵͱͬɱ˭Ȼ֪
ѹɫôѿǣҲһ϶ľ
ӵʵˣֻдѡԳһ˵ԼĲ²⡣
ŷͷһָֻƬ˹
컯챻סˣǸˣΪ˴ѡֱ˵ҲЩȡ
ǿ߲٣еϡ
һᣬӦѡ
ŷһΪʲô컯ûгˡ
ôܹӦ컯죿ͻȻŷ뵽һ⣬ԷȻǵ۵ķ֮ƿֻأ컯ǿǴѰҪӦǣǾѵġ
ŷӵ۵֮ĳǳɡ
Ҫ̫СƵˣӹŵǿߣȻǴΣͬҪĽ£۵˵֮дһĨȻ
˵ʵȻǴѶĶ֣ҪĽ¡
ǣ֪˿Ժ㲢Сŷоһ
һȷʵҡҲû룬ֱӿڡ
ʱŷȫ¶𺳵ɫ
ʱҲʶ˷ʲô飬ɫѿȻŷ׻ˡ
Ȼ㡣
ǵۡ
Բۡ
ֲͬľ̾𺳵顣
ŷ籾̽һ£ȴû뵽Ȼ̽һĴܡһָоֻƬoе̫ˣЩĲһo
ֲ²⣬ǵۣ쾹Ȼʳˡ
ЩŭԼȻֵͼȦ׸ƭˣ˵Լݡһһյĸо
ǵۣǿߡŷ羪̾
۲˵Լʵе̫ˡ
ܵ飬ŷ̲סЦ˳
һҲƣһǿߣȻֵͼֶƭˣ˵Ǹǲܵġ
ۣΪʲôҪֻƬ֮Уŷʵ
Ϊ岻ȫ±һЩĵҵŷͣҲЩ޵Уȴ䵽һȻܲ
㽫ֻƬУŷ̲סȡ
Ҳǿߣʲô飬ֵġң⻹ϵһЩ顣
һЩµĵˣǲһɱǸʱܵشδ˳ɱң㽫ֻƬŷݣҵ壬ɢ֮Уȴָŷ͡
Ҳ˵ʵѾָĲˣŷЩϲ
Ҫеһǿ߰æηˡ
ָٷ֮һʵؼһƬһеֶΣһҵ궼δնɱǿߣҵȴһǸƬŷͣһ󷢴


2367 ּ
۵һУùŷæһ
ŷһڿЦȥҲֻ˵ǿ϶Ǻ͵һĴڣʵǿ˿µĵز
ˣôǶ֣
ڿЦŷɫÿ
ҵһûӪЦ۵Ŀڣ˵ִ֮еϰ߲ࡣ
վһߣŷ磬̲סüͷ
۵ĵˣȻڴ֮УҲǿ֮еǿ߰ɡ
ȿȣǻ˵һ±ɡŷֱתƻ⣬Цʱûĳ嶯
Ȼоˣ¶һĨЦݣǲż
ڹŷôʱ䣬ﻹ֪ŷΪˣֻҪŷʵ㹻ˣ˵ŷҲæ
ǣҪȹŷĻǿ϶õһõĽ
ԣۺܴݣͲȣɹŷѡ
ʲô飿ԳЩãȻʵ
ŷ类ǺסˣֻҪתƻ⣬뵽Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ۣǸ˭ʱ򣬹ȴˡ
档˵Щɻ󣬹Ǹʲô
ҼסˣԺһһսġε˵֮гšõ۶̲סĿɿڴŹΣβŷһ̾ϢСˡ
ִǣͨ˿ӵеġҲڣε츳ŷ磬ԺĳɾͣȴδرȹŷҪˡ
εУӵһ޵еκεˣκεˣԽĿꡣ
ŷҲĿɿڴһ̾һ棬ĲԼĸס
αˣĴߡ
̸һսȴס˺ܶˣ˭û뵽֮УȻô
ҹŷı֣Ҳúܶľۣһ󣬿ѹǿߡúܶһλһĸо
Ҫ֪ŷŶ󣬺ܶ˻ͬ
ڣŷѾǿߣǻԭ̤Щˣʵһѡ
֮£ǲʵе̫Զˡ
Ȼŷ粻뷨˼
˶Ҳ϶һ㣬ڹŷ˵һΣŷãҲǵۺȷĸ߹ŷ磬֣ΪЩһֱ
ֻƬǵעĶ
ùŷһëȻѵԼһеΪڵĹע֮С
ֻżעҲеģҪСˣǧҪ͸¶ֻƬ֮еϢĶùŷ
ŷ̾Ϣһû˵
ţѾȻΪˣȴ׷úܿ죬֮и˺ܴĸıľ顣
ŷ磬ǰҡһùŷһ˹ȥһԻ֮УֿµϢ鶼ȥ
ŷᣬˣûǰ
ۣھ۵İȻһҲܹ
Ǹܽվ֮ϣǣŷȴδһۣһǸɫȥ
Ǹŭɱ졣
ܶһըһŭʬɽӱ顣

ŷ緢һ̽һֱֻ֣˹ȥ
ǸЦͬһִֻȥ͹ŷײһ
һ죬ǸˣȻԼֻ֣ȫơ
ôҰ㻹ûʸ񡣡ŷͷųԼϢס硣
ǸɫѿЦ˵ּۣģּ
ܶ˳ԾһǿߣȻּǸˣǺεݣ
ܿ죬뵽˴ѣֻּǿߣϣָʹһΪԼ¡
ƾʲôŷµˣδֻʳ㡣
ּһȥҪΪʹӣּǸЦ˵һˡ
棬ֹŷѾǵһ˵ˣֻû뵽ԷȻҪԼΪʹӡ
ɫЩأȴûжɫݡ
˭ʵһ֪ݡ
Ǹɫ󵨣˶֪ĵһǿߣµһĵۣҪƺΪ¡
ĻŷЦˣֻЦ֮д޾ķ̡
棬Ȼ˵Լĵһۣ̫Դˣ̫ˡ
ǹŷ粻֪۵ĴڵĻŷҲţڣֻǾ÷̺ͺЦ
Ŷ
ֻǵŶһû
ǸǿߴŭĶ۵֮УȻиһɱֱն䡣


2368 Ҳ
ŷ磬ԷʹǿߣҲӦǿƣ̫ˡֱӳ֣ѹ˹ȥ
ֻУʱʵֻ֣Ȼǿߣܵ˿µΣա
ɱգɹޣҪնֻء
ײǸһɱֱӱ˳ȥˣҲһ㱻ֻ֮С
Ǹŭ֮дﵽһµĵزſһƬأֱӳ˳
ȻˣҲѪȻˡ
䣬ȴ𺳡
Ÿս֣ѾʩչȫǣŷﲻѾ˵
ͲӦһ׼ӵеʵе㳬
Σϣ粻һСŷ絭˵һ֮еϢԽԽǿˡ
ֻƬ֮У̲ס̾¶𺳵ɫ
о˹ŷı֣֪ڲһ˲ɱ䡣һֵһ·ȥĻҲҪԽ
ʲôǸɫԷĻʲô˼
߰ɣҲɱ㣬Ǽ֮ҰĻҪҶ㲻ֱɱŷվûɱ֡
Ǹη壬ǻЩģûɵȥĻ϶ܵ𷣵ġ
Ȼ𷣵ʱҲ־塣
УһߡǸ˵һûŷЦˣԼѾܸԷˣǺȻԷм
վһ̤Ǹǰ档
ǸһûиоʲôŷѾǰˡ
ɫأŹŷ磬һ׼𣬵ǸѹȴһҪǿĶ࣬ңŷһϣȻһԵָо
뷨ţŷǿҲܱȵǿ
뿪ŷŶԷ³֡
ܰԵһϣ޵е𣬴ʱҲľˡ
㲻һ׼ô˵Ǹ˵ȻԼͷóҪѹƹŷ硣
𣿺ÿµĳƺ˸оһѹһѹһŷ̾ǾԲǳޣһֳ
Ϊ˵Ļǳĳ
Ǹŭɫͨ죬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬Ҫ֡
ǺãһҪǳֵĻδؾܹ߳ˡŷ絭˵Ǹ
ǸĿ˸һȻùŷڿЦ뵽ղŹŷı֣ԥ˰죬վǲҶ֡
㲻ּΪԼġǸŹŷ磬˵
ŷ絭һЦĳвȻĵ档ǣŷȴںһ뷨Ҳ޷Ҳ˵
컯ĵ̣Ȼ֪컯쵽Ҫʲôǹŷȴ֪϶Լйϵ컯Ȼִ㣬϶˶Լ
ĻǵҪ֣ҲҪȹ컯һء
޾ս֮ΨһһΪѵˣ컯Ȼ򵥡
ԣŷԵЩ޿֡
ɵԷǼӵ컯סһЩˣȡʱ䡣
ʵϣʱĵ棬ȷʵڵס컯죬ͽ硣컯첻Ⱦָ磬Ҳһ
ǾôĸһЩɡŷ絭һЦ
ŷĻǸ𳹵ɵۡ
еû취ˣ֪ô򲻹ŷ磬ǿ϶ģ֪ŷʱٻսӲǶˡ
ǰ·ֻһǺ͹ŷƴܹѹŷ磬Դ߹ŷڶع飬ܳͷ
һ·ѡ

ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻˣŭһ
Ǹһоǵصɱ⣬Լֹ
ΪŷҪɱԼˣһԥûУתӡ
˲˺ѴϣǸ뿪
Ҳ𣿡ŷ̲ס¶һĨЦ
ǲ᳼κ˵ģν޵УȻҪ޵еûһʵͻͣͲǰľ֮ϣ㲻
Ǹ𣬳Ϊ˱˵ʹӣѾû̬ˣһ𣬲Ųᱻŷء
ǳô꣬ǾԲͷһİǼʹһʱ·磬ʼаͷһԼϮ
ŷ硣
ڴʱһùŷһ
˹ȥһ£΢Ĳӡǣȴùŷܵͷ
һ̣һȫٵˡ
ŷԪѵάţ񷣬³֣档


2369 Ļ
һ΢Ľһɱŷ磬һǿߵϡ
ܶ鿴ǰһĻ¶𺳵ɫȫΪŷ絣ǡ
ۣȻһ㱻ɱˣг˲š
һ΢Ľ֮󣬵Ҳûг֡
ŷԼ֮һŭǿ֣߳ս档Ǿ˵ģȻ˴ﵽ־磬Ժ͵ۡ
Ҫ֪һ۶֮ΪеһˣʵǿĲ˼顣
ŷع飬۵֮У֪Լʱ£治Լˡ
ڣŷȴҪˣһ˵ĺأһֱӱɱ
Σվڴ֮ϣ˸űĹâ
ЩɿˣŬ𾪡
ңεȡõĳɹҲ𺳣ߵ׼۷壬ʱɱ䣬볬Ѿ硣
ͽܣû°ɣսǰϵǡ
ŷ֣ʾԼû£ɫָ˲٣Ǹ˵һѪȴ˳
ʲô˺Ȼŷ羹Ȼ˵ز
ǿɲҽǾˣһƶڹŷ˵ͲʲôڣȻҪ˵ͿѪȻ˵˼صĵز
İɣû£ղһҵıԴһ򣬶ѹˣѵĵ̫ڰԵŷ̾
ŷĻ˳ԾĻŷ粻ǱϵǶһۣԷеż
Իָ𣿡սоһ
֪һѹƣǺεȿµĽڹŷ޷÷ң޷
һʿ˵һµѡ
ҲǴʧɫŹŷ磬Щˡ
İɣа취ŷ絭һЦ
ŷĻ¶һɫ
һ̣˶סˡΪŷ֮еϢٵιһȻȫʧˡ
ô˾
նԼеΪͷŷ絭һЦԵ÷ǳݡ
ڣ˫֮Уȴ㷨Ҳʧ˸ɾڱϵˡ
ôսɫ䡣
ŷߵ׼һ֮У˺Զڣȴɢ˻ķҪͷô׵ġ
ɲǻߣҲʲô쾳ĿҪѳȥˡȻһ飬ҪߵһҲǷǳѵġ
İɣģҳȥȥˣҽٻص֮СŷЦ˵ͬʱһߵսһۡ
ս΢΢Щɻŷ촽΢΢ȴûл˵սȴɴ۾
֮ǰĵ㹻˽⣬Ȼ֪Ǵ˵ʲôأǳ
˵ͷսȴ׵ƽ
ҳȥĻĲᱻЩ֣ŷŵۡ
֮Ըʱ뿪磬ȫΪ۱֤ó˴֮Ҳ
ȻĻԹŷڵ״̬ǱЩץסĻ벻кý
İɣ޵еĵۣҼȻ˵ˣͿ϶ᱻֵġŵ˵ڸһЩ𲻻֣ᷢаյġ
ǲһˣһȫ㡣ŷƲƲ졣
ŷĻһˣ⻰ôô塣ݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣû˵
ŷ飬Ǻ˲٣ֱ֮˺˴ϣȻ뿪硣
֮һϢˡŷΪϵһѳ֣ľֻۣ˫ʧˡ
Ϣס˺ܶˣţôǿƵһˣȻûǼֱţ޷Ϣ
Ҫ̫СƾˣֻǷʧˣͷңһֱûзǾ˫˭Ķ֣˵ǺѣԼһȺԾԾԵˣ˵Լжϡ
ʱܶҪսŷˣֱӷ뷨
˭֪˫ֻʣҲ衣
۴ܹ漣ҲŲĻˣԴ漣ǹŷķ˿ڹŷźܴġ
ǺǣҲн죬ǰǺǿڵˣһɽһɽߣʲôۣҪĻϣնһЩԹŷ绳еˣϹЦɫм
ݵʿһܵǣ۳⣬ѵҪϵ
Ѿ뿪磬ҪĻǾͳְָʲô˼һЦɫ
ʱܶʧˣǳǳֵĻ˭Ҳҡ
ۣɱϡ


2370 ʲôû
Ȼֻʣ֮ǱˣŷһɱĴڣʧȥһҲҪ׼ܹս
뿪ˣȴҲĴڡɫѿʯһŷλá
ǺܴݣһЦ˵ȻһѾϵˣ˵Ͳвˣ˫Ǻǿȴвǡ
һɣûмŷ統в
һۣ¶һĨЦ
ʯҲһɫӲÿˡ
ôˣüͷԼĻ˲ӣܲˡҲ֪Ȼ𣬵Լȣǲ˲١
ԣûзĵѯʡ
һָоһιŷٴ𣬾ǵѡһüͷţԵ÷ǳǡ
ҵĸоһģˣ򵥣ô׷ϵġʯҲ˵ɫÿ
ϴЦݣǵĻ֮ɫ
Щţѵŷô
ֻǣ޷Ѿϵˣŷ翿ʲô
𣿴ӷһһ׼ʵ̫ˣ֪ҪһЩʲôʹŷߵǸΣҪһ飬Ҳδܹɹ
ܰɡЩŵҡͷ
Ѱҹŷ磬һҪҵ׻ɱ
ҪΪΣҪǲĻͰǵĻʯҲͷ޳ɳ˵
˶ͬĸоŷ粻ܾʹĻ
˵ĻҲľԼжˣ˻޾ʱ䣬ӹʱһֱڣʶ̫ĶǵĻԲܹӡ
֪ˣһᷢеҪȥһЩ˲Ск˸
Ĵ֯Ȼ֮ϣѾߵ˳һȻҪңĻǾͿԶˡ
òҪ뷨ʯЦ
ʯĻɫ΢΢һ䣬Щõʵʲô˼
ҵ˼ԣΪôҪǳǣԼҲԶˡʯ˵
ʲôš
ļƽ⣬һЩǿĬģҲΪˣȴԲܹƣĻЩǿ߻ֱ֣ӻɱ㣬ȻΪҲܵĶùЩ˵Ļɱʯ˵
˭ʵ
ֽû뵽ģǺܻҡ
һ˽Ϊ˳һۣʯ˵
ɫѿû˵ֻǴɫԱȳĶˡ
ʶһ㣬̲סһ
⻹ֻһˣȻǿزףԼԲ֯֡
֮еж𣿡̲סʵ
ãһ컯ڴ˵г֣ǳѼǿ֮⣬ӦûʲôŶԡ
ڲ֪Լˣ𣬶ҿֹһ
ԱеҪöࡣһЦ
µǿУҲأһ漰򣬾Ϳ֪ʵĲʲô
ֻ޵еĴѣĳȻ
ǣǸ磬Ҫҹϴ˵֮Уѻһ꣬ܶ𶼶Ǹ֮С
νĲ꣬ʲôǾûм֪ˡ
̾Ϣ̬ƽֻǴȥһ£ȥ̽ŷ䡣
һոγɵĴ֮Уŷɽۣ֮Ųãأֲ֮ܵ¶һ˿
ʲôۿʵ
ʲôûСŷش
۹ЦȻŷش𣬵ȴǳˡ
һЩܶ飬Ѿչÿһ䡣
ǣԪȴϡ˼㡣
ֻǣǿѾ뿪ˣһЩߺͨ飬Ͳ֪Լ棬
ѾˣԴɺԣ棬Ҫص㡣
ŷ絭˵
ѯʹŷ硣
ʲôûСŷҡͷ
̤նУʹûз˫ԣͬһ㣬ڷһֱܡ
ܶʿ˹ŷ磬ȴҽӽŷѹǵҪˡ
գǿŷ磬ֱ˺Ѵϣ뿪
Щʿ𺳣Ĵͨߣ˺ϣ֮УѾûǿˡ
һЩ˺׷ȥȴŷĲ΢ԥһ£Ǹѷʧˡ


2371 
һƬҵĵǼ򼴽ȴһЩǿߣǿеһγһӴĵ
ûκ򣬹ŷɫƽǰһС
һƬ֮УǿƣҲпµޡ
ǣڼŷ֮Щֱ˱ܣûκһǹŷ硣
ŷΪʧǿߵϻڣѹЩ֪ⲻһǵĴڡ
ôط̲ס˵
ŷ¶ɫֻһطѵʲôɣ
֪ʲôط۵˵
˵ŷ
ǻʳĵطû뵽ȻˣҲ֪һ˾ȻַܹȻüĴһҪںϳΪһ򣬾ͿٴˡЩ̾˵һ۾Ϳڡ
ŷȻǺףǵ۵ĻҲùŷ̲ס̾
컯һ򣬾ѾѵˣȻҲδܹҲҪܶĶ
ǴʱȻҪĴ򣬻һĴǳɹֶξʵ̫ˡ
ҵָߣҴȥһطЩ˷ܵ˵
ŷһоһӵ۵ĻУŷ֪۵˼ˣҪȥһԵõ۶Ϊ֮ĶĻԵȻĻô
ĻǸطӦǻġ
յ۵ָ㣬ŷ翪ʼǸط
ƣǿȴ٣׼𼶱ǿߣڼŷʱ򣬲һ֡
Ǹ׼ԥˣΪӹŷϣܵһɿµϢ޵еҲܵһЩ׳֡
ŷ翴Ǹ׼ڵķһۣһĨмЦݣһ̤ʧ
ˣʲôݣǸа뵽
һǳأķ¡ȻڻģֻûһΧȫš
ŷʱ˳ƬˣȫΧǸǳء
ŷ̲סаʵۣղźԼ˵һܵĵطھȻôˣùŷ
ȿȣʱ̫ˣת޾ȥˣû뵽طѾˣǵʵѽǳ֮д
Ҫʲôŷ̲סʵ
߾ŷ͡
߾ͬͣŷ綼֪һµĹȻĻõ۶һֱš
ǿĴڣΨһĵۣʲôܹ۵ġ
Ҫ֪Ļʾͺ͵֮䣬ƽƽ߾ǻԼٵһ񹦡
Źǳˣ˵˲Ϊһ񡣵ȻҲ߻ħԶ޷ͷ
ֻһʣŹĴߣһŹŻ
ûȤŷƲ죬ֱӷ˽Ĵ㡣
ԼȱٹԼ·ʺԼġԣŷڹʲôģǺȤ
ңǰӣ뻹ҪðΣա
Ŀɿڴû뵽ŷ羹ȻԻʵĹûȤƣе㲻֪ˡ
Ҫǻˣ۾ˡҪ֪ѱϾϹŵΪ֮ǿ֮һ͵ų֮ǿߡ
˵ĹǳǿߣҲŹοŷġ
ǹŷǷˣһԥûС
˵ҪĶҪ֪ʲôģ˰ɡŷһǷ˵
ѾˡЩʧ˵ȴġ
ǿĻʣȻˣŷסˣôܡ
˵֮Уʵϳʳ֮УһƿʵѪĻ˲˵ʵ볬Ѿ;硣
ŷЩȣ볬Ѿ磬˵źܴջ
գҡͷ˵ԼĲʵһƿѪֱӽѾ磬Բǰңںҡ
ŷ粻ɵȻףеñʧȥ
ѪҲʵıȽϿ죬ԺҪһǾ͸ˡ
ѪʽڵǱܶˣ޹˼ɵͷŵģе̫ڹˣԺҪǾ̫ˡŷ˵
㲻һۿڣŷ͵
ŷû˵ȴ˵
ͷʱ̫ѪͿ̵ʱ֮ڣԼʵ۷壬һиãѪǸ׼ģϧʻûѰҵĴˣͱɱˡ˵Щꡣ
ʱɱˣ϶Щժҩйϵŷ̲ס̾Щ˵ʲôʵôܹôǿơ
Ҫ֪ǿǻʰһѪһǿߵĴڡ


2372 ʳ
ŷѯʣǵȴ˵漰ЩˣԵúܼɵտڲԡ
һıùŷ׵˼һȺĺǿʵ졣ƽʱʱ򣬵ۿ̸۴ѣκι˼ɡ
˵ǵ֣ǱпԻʱǶӲŷ͵
ùŷ𺳣ȻϷõ˵ԷݵĴ㡣
ʵ֪к档
ȥʳǰɣҲһЩҵʵ߾кôۿ˵ùŷѡ
ŷԥһ£ڻͬˡ
ŷһһʳ֮߹ȥתµϢŷӽܶ˳ԾȻ¶мɫ
ǾùŷЩǿ֮Ужʼ漶ǿߣ׼𣬵ȴûнȥ
дԣгǿǰߵأҪǿƵֶδȥȴܱңǸǿ߱ɱ
ʳ֮Уһɱ⣬ֱӻɱǸˡ
ӴԺҲҪֱͻƽȥˡ
Ĳ£ŷܳȣЩȴ֪ŷҲڷֹѯʵֱۣ߽ȥͲ£ôе㲻ס
Բ£֮лʵѪûе⣬ӦÿԽȥۿ˵οŷ磬ùŷ絰۵ǣǰ˵ĺܿ϶ȴһӦá
ŷĳ嶯ʾǵԼҲû㹻İաӦֱ֣˵˼
ȿȡ۸ɿһû˵
Ҳе㲻˼ͬŷ˵һȷʵûʲôաղ˵һУֻǲ²ѡ
Ե۶Իʵ˽⣬ԼĲ²⣬ǱȽϿ׵ġ
ǰУһһӽߣһɰѹڹŷϡ
ŷһ٣˲һҪڵϡǹѹʵ̫ˣһѹô¡
֮⣬ûʲôõ鷢⵹ùŷһ
ĺܶˣһĻ֮Ƕʱ¶ȵɫŷӦñɱ˲Ŷԣȴվڳ֮ǰûжԶԽǳ֮С
ѵʳҪˣ뵽¶ɫ
һЩӱȽϼǿߣֱӳ˹ٶȺܿ죬Ҫʳ֮С
ǽӽʱһɱ⸡ֱ֣ǵϡ
Щҽжûзһֱըˡ
һĻ˶̲סһ仯ͺǰһЩɱ⣬ĨɱһУȻǿߣѲֻɱ
ܶңԼδðȻĻѾɱˡ
Ⱥ׳գĽԻǼһԸ񣬾ԲɱǣֻһѵҲͦѵĿԽʳ֮УҪżᱻʳΪǵˣֱӹǾһҲɱġЦ˵
Ҫʳǣʮ֣ҲοЩˣһҲһɱġ
ϻǴ˶ġŷЦ˵
Ļ˾Ȼѧ߹
ԷӣҲûܵ
ȽȥȻȻĻ治˵Եᱻ˭ߣҲܹ֣ûзѹŷ磬ȽС
ŷͷӣȥ
ʱ򣬴ͷǸкһȻˣһֻĹµһһľܣǿԻһһ㡣
һʼ漶ǿߣȻŷһȥֱӳˣҪɱŷ硣
ûиоŷʵȴùŷǿȻ׼Ըо磬ŷȴо
ʼ漶ǿߣҲûж룬ֱӳ֣Ҫŷնɱ
ԹۣǰһĻ
˭Ҳȥŷ磬ǿʳĹ򣬼ȻΪʿںܶʱǾʧȥ̬
ŷüͷһ壬̧һֻ֣һȭ˹ȥ
ûκһֲ̣ȭֱӺգһûȻǸʼ漶ǿߵϡ
Էһ仰û˵ֱը顣
һĻ˶סˣûκηɱһʼ棬⵽ʲôӵһ֡
Һ֪˭ˣһʿ̲ס˵
˶ĿͶһ벽ѣʵǿǼʶȴ١
۹ŷ磬ѻˡʧȥ˷ֻǸ벽ѿڣ˵ԼĲ²⡣
ۣƺܶһһ˾ηǿߣͲ󣬵ʵȴǿףڼ̵ʱ𣬳Ϊϰ棬һɱ
ǿߣȻʧȥ˷Ҳ˾η衣
Ȼ׼Ҳɫأһη


2373 
һ˭ӣܹܳǿɲ˵ģֿµʵ졣
ԣɫȻʹһЩǿߣЩΪȻҲûг֣Ǻܽ
ܶ˶ڽӽţŷϣЩ˶һ
ܶ˵ɴ۾ͻȻʶһ⣬Щǽʳ֮еķе̫ڸˣԭֻҪƽ͵߽ȥܹܵ
뷨һ˾ֱڵϣЩֱӱѹһࡣ
ʵ㣬ܲסһѹϡ
ָо̫ˡ
Ȼ׼Ҳһǵķסŷ磬֮г˺ȻǼֱŹŷʧȥ˷ѹǶҪ󲿷ֵܹŵסŷ羹Ȼֻȴ̩ȻжԹŷһҲʧˣףŷ̫ˡ
ô£ŷѯʵۡ
Ǹһǳҵϣûֹκ˽ֻ̫ļûоƽ̬룬Ż˵ġ۸̾ڻʵһЩ뷨Щ̾
һεĴڣڻʣȴ̾
ɣҪ⣬ԻĿ顣ĶҲﲻһƬɱǹЩ飬˺һˡ
ŷûʧȥûκ⣬ʧȥ˷һΣġ
ŷͷ
ʱ򣬳Զ򿪡
һȺɫеʿһѰѳǹ˳
ŷ翴ǵΪʱ򣬶ʱ̲סһЩ֮УȻ׼еĴڣͷǸˣһ٣Լʵ
ùŷ𺳣ѵ׼ֻΪһͨıʿ𣿳ǿΪ죬ʵ̫ˡ
ʲôѶҪǵĽ£ʾֻҺͻǣûͳα˵뷨ԲûгշʿʿǲκˣгΪǿߵĿԣǲ˸ǵǰ·۵˵
۵ĻŷһǺεǣҲһִػԸ˸ʿǰ·Ҫӵе۷Ļᡣػ˽˾塣
ŷ̾
ĿȴЩʿüͷЩ˺ǿ󣬵ȴûһǻˡ
ѾˣǵִʿػʳǣҲǶߵĿ飬ǣİɣǲģʳֻҪڣǾԶŷ͡
۵ĻŷˣɱͷǸǿߡ
ԷȻѾȥֻԹȴǰͨսͬ
ŷʧȥ˷ȻȻǿ󣬵Ҳȷʵ˲ʵ
Ǹ֣һѳǹֱӶ˹
µĹⱬһƣɻٵһǳںһγһµĳ򣬽ŷС
ŷ⣬˼޵Ӳǹ

һ죬ŷ絹ˣǸҲһͣˡ
һ̣һȺɫеıʿǰҪΧɱŷ硣
һ֣ȻĻ˭ҲȥǸ켸ˣǲǶ֡ŷɨЩ׼һۣѶԷ
ЩŷĻҲɫ΢䡣
׹ŷ˼Щ֮УֻйŷһʵԸǸ죬ղŹŷǸײʱǱѾоˣԼǽĶ֣ûǿߵסǸ죬Ľȥ
뵽һԥûУɱЩʿ
ʼ漶ǿҲսȻʵû׼ǿһȺΧһǷǳЧģܿɱһʿ
Ҳʼ漶ǿˣһ㱻ɱ
ϾЩʿʵĶ׼ʼ漶ǿߣ׼һΡ
ŷǸ켤սÿһǳ£һ硣ǣһַ򣬱סһУ޷ٵսನҲգȻˣЩ׼Ҳܵ˹ŷ˵Ŀ£ǵսǼ룬Ȼ׼𶼻˲䱻ɱ
ŷʩչɱԷչսޱȣһȭһȭǸĺˡ
Էһ˻𣬵Ҳãŷѹסˡ
Ǹ죬죬Żһеܣȴ岻ƹŷѹƣǱ
ʵϣŷҲǳƣǷڵĻȫԻɱԷڣȴֻмսȥֱԷΪֹ
һս˺ü죬ŷ罫ǸɱԼҲڴϢ̫ˡ
һսЩʿҲ챻ɱˣֻʣ¼Ҳ˸ˣһ׼𶼱ɱˣʼ漶ǿ߸߰


2374 Ŷ·
һĻŷ粢ʲôΪУߵʲô磬ǰв
Ȼͬһ޵УҲǹ͵޾֮Ÿգһûȫָ
ԣǰ־󣬹ŷûκθоĺƽ
ŷ绹ǳ֣ЩˣɱЩʿյ۵˵ǵһο飬˭Ҳ֪滹ʲô
ŷʵǺǿһѶҪǿߵĻʳǣŷ粢ԼһٷְգԼͿԹȥ
ŷ֣ɱЩʿЩûһ¶мɫŷ֮г˾衣
˵ŷı֣е̫ˣлԵĻŷ罫Ե谭
ŷҲ֪ǵ뷨ɱǼʿ֮⣬ֱ߹ȥ
м׼һۣûκԥֱӳ֣ɱŷ硣
ʩչȫǴͨʶŷʵкһĹвۣ̫ǿˣԽһУҲֻгǿ߲ܹ
ŷתһȭ۳ǲǿ龳ЩĽȻٶȺܿ죬ҲֻǴﵽΡ
Ȼֲε׼𣬸ûһãǹŷȭͷȴһУֱӴ˼ͨ
ż׼ɱ졣
ǼһԥûУһ⣬ֱԶȥ
ŷһ߹ȥʱ򣬵û˸ŷˡ
ֻǸղŵһڳ˶֪ŷʵ̫ǿˣȻʧȥ˷Ҳ׼ȵġ
û˸Ҽŷ֣ȻҲֻһ̣Ǿñֵʱ򣬻ǻֵġ
Ŵ򿪣ŷһ˽ȥ
ʱڿٵıСһǰһſǳ̾ͳΪһ·ͨ޾ա
ǰһһţŷǰĶ֮һ£µϡ
ǳ֮·ֻƬ֮и̾
ŷ¶ɻɫǳ֮·ѵǳ̳ɵĵ·ֻǣЩģֻһʱ䣬㽫ŷѪˡ
ŷ̫ǿˣָǿ¡
ں̵ܶʱ֮ڣŷָˣͬʱһָоԼǿȻٴαǿһ㣬Ȼֻһ㣬ѾùŷˡҪ֪׼֮ʹ˺ֶܶΣԼȴûǿһ㣬Ѿﵽһƿ
û뵽ǣԼȻʼøǿˡ
ǳ֮·ص㣬˴һŶǳ֮·һΪϸ񣬶ȹǳ֮·ȻʻҪ̬ΪĻʣҲֻ֧ŵڰΪŷ͡
ŷ𾪣Ŷǳ·Ȼһط˷ܣǰȻٶЩȴܼᶨ
Ҫϸ񣬶ҪŶ·ĻԽʣǹŷҰģû˵ǵۿԸо
ԼΪŷ
ۺͻʣκһļ¼Ǻ޷ƵķᱮǣǲһĻҪ˴Ǳֵļ¼ñǸǿ
˶Ŵػʸˣڴ
ŷˣۿпܳԽǵˣڴŷ紴漣
һȺǿ߽УЩ˲ը飬޷Ķ졣Ҳ˾ٲά裬վҲǳסˡ
ܿ죬¶ϲɫ֪ĺôˡ
ŷʱ¶̾ɫΪŷ߳˺Զһ·Ҫˡ
Ǿ̾ʱִһ㼵ʣо츳ͺˡ
Щ˶֮еţȻĻҲߵһ͹ŷȣľԵúܰûһʡ
һ·ŷߵ˾ͷֱӣƿһţֱӽһ·һЩС֣ŷûпȻĵطҪܿ飬ֻҪȥˡ
ڶ·˵˼㡣ŷһһˤ𺳵ʱһͷվڲԶʱѪɫ۾Źŷ硣
˷ķ򣬻ͣĺȸղҪҵ̫ˡ
һ·һͷޣսʤǣߵյ㣬ͨ۵
ŷһǰֱͷ޳˹ȥ
ŷҲǺܿ죬ֱӱ˻Щţһͷ޵Ȼ˿ңΪ޴ԭȹŷ綼Ҫǿ׿˼㡣
ǿԲŶ·Ǹݾ趨ģҪڵĽ׶ǿһ㣬ܹͻơЦŽͣԹͷŶ·ʵ̫̬ˡ


2375 
˵֮󣬹ŷ˸ž⣬η壬˷ܡһֱһͷ޳˹ȥ
ǿֲһĻŷ֣Ǹײ
ͷųԼˣֲȭȷҪ£һȭǰһжٵˡ
ͷ׿񣬱ȹŷҪǿĶ࣬ͬȻѹƹŷ硣
顣
֮ײŷ粻ͣĵˣܼᶨĿ֮ս죬սԷ
ŷ糤ХȻںˣͬʱЩڴȴûһɣɱԷ
ѪܿˡǿڵһʱͻָȻս
һҵĴս˽֮󣬿һĻ̲֮סȻʲôӵޣȻԺ͹ŷս
ۣ˫Ժɱ׼
оһȻŷ֡
һ׼˫ڹŷ֮˽ʱŷ޼սһ֣Ҫ޻ɱŷ硣
ŷЦˣתһض
Ǹ׼ֱը飬ɱ
һȭɱһ׼𺳣һڸ˵ʱǶʱе뷨ȻĶŹŷ磬κζ±ŷᡣ
ŷɱǸ׼֮󣬱޴ս
ʱЩڶߣһͷͷ޳֣ǹȥ⽫Щһܹ͹ŷսޣôǶ֡
ʱҲûа취ֻܹӲͷƤһս
ǵϣЩ޵ʵȻֻǱǿһ㡣
ԣЩ޲ģǸݴҵΪ趨ģȻȴǿһ㣬ǲǲսʤһʼ溰ΪԼ϶Ҫɱˣȴȫее㲻һЩǿǿŷ綼ҪͷۣˣҲͱһʼҪǿһ㡣
ŷûйЩͣس֣Լ
ʱƣԽԽǿգһͷޱɱֱӴ򱬡
ŷѪͬܣҲûЪţΪڶѾˡ
һͷޣ˳쳤Х˷𶯡һͷǿףڵĹŷ״̬Ҫǿϲ١
ŷоһٴαͣȥͷսһ
ûһԥŷţۺͻߵڰ˶ΣҲȶԷǹŷţҲΪԷ֮ͬУŷԼսԲС
ŷս˵Ŀɿڴ֮УɱЩޡ
ҲһЩǱ㣬Щ޺ɱһ׹ʧڣŷѾܲЩˣ˵·
ӿµķϮŷ塣
ãʱԼǵһط϶£һʱͻᱻѹ顣ѹ̫ˡ
˵һκ͵ڶ·ֻ΢һЩʵͳԽе̫ˣŷ磬оЩأһܲס
кȻۺͻʵ굽Ƕôǿܹߵڰ˶Ρ
Сӣ֪ûô˰ɣȻҺߵھأԽǣʵܹߵڰ˶ΣѾǼˣҪԽǣ벻̫ܡֻƬ֮Сŷ紫
жϣͬʱЩϧ
Ƕڱ˵һϵҫǶڹŷ˵ȴеܲˡ
ԼˣҪͬһ׶ΣǵۺͻҲδؾͱԼǿȥˡ
ԣһԲǰŲȶ
ŷ粻֪ǣһȺվһ֮Уǵǰǹŷľһ𾪡
Щ˶ǽ˵ڶ㣬Щ޻ɱûֱӸ͵һصĴ֮С
ڴ֮УǹŷӰ죬˶֪ŷ˵㡣
һιŷĲǹˣһ飬Է죬ͨʵڹŷ֮ϡ
ŷѵĵֿͬʱתԼս֮ǿ
ľ磬ڿٵͻƣ龳磬ͣش
߾磬ŷһ磬ʵһ
Ľŷ飬ʼһƽ֡
ŷĿ棬ɫᶨյʤһԼ
ڼս˿Ŀɿڴ˭о˹ŷĽܶ˶һ뷨ֱרΪŷ׼һʵ̫ˡ
úܶЩգǹŷһһУߵ㹻ԶԿԵõܴĺô
ŷսľҲڿЦҪ̶ֳȵδܳŵס
һʿǱǳ׵ıϡ
ߵһȡ˵ı츳ˡҰħЩ֮У츳ǿ󣬵ʵȴδ£ǿҰħԭ


2376 ֮
ۺͻʣʵǾģŽ޵УҲʾ츳Ǹ˫
һǿߣһһ߳ģǳҲǿһһ߳ÿһߵԼܹﵽļޣٳ߸ͷһŻۣǱ㿪ʼӱ
ŷڵ·սǸ飬һսʱ䣬գױɱǸ顣
ⲢǽΪǿ֣߳εģս˫֮˵˼㡣
Ȼŷ綼Ѫսмβһ㱻ɱǰˡ
ǿ𺳡
·ŷ紳˹ȥһʱ䡣Ҳ˻ʱܳǵȴ֪һʱͲʲôͨ·ʱ䡣
һ棬ŷѾԽˡ
˵Ĳ㣬ȻѪȴ֣ŷǿˡֿµѹȻͨ־ҲܹǸоӴѹ
ЩǿߺȻЩţһĽ
Ĳ㣬ﱬսŷָһǴһĵز֮ǰǿ˲֪١
ǣȴΧŴǿһ֣εģûκһֱɱС
ŷµΣѵĵֿȻ˫ʱҲռκƣΪŸǿߣȫ΢ǿһ㣬һ棬ŷ綼ռơ
һ棬ŷһ㱻ɱ
ѵĻָѪɱ˹ȥ
һս̫ˣŷŬ֧ţԼ
ԸоԼڵǱܣͷųͬʱǿ
ս˲֪೤ʱ䣬ŷ綼֪Լ˶ٴΣöζһ㱻ɱˡ
ǣվǶˡ
ŷǿʼȻƣǳȻ
ЩǿߣȫĬˣǼֱţھŸԼ΢ǿһĸ£Ȼ˿Գŵôʱ䣬󱬷ʼ
ŷǿˣʼɱ֣ɱԷ
һսˣûʱѪɽȥ˺Ȼ
ѾǿԴǸε棬Ǹ߲εսѾ뵽֮еĴţЩ˳ĬЩΪĻ˿ǰһĻ֪ʲôӡ
Ķ·ŷˣֱӳ˵·˸ű⣬һֿµϢͷų춯ء
·һʼս
һȪ֣ɫҺ壬ɢ㣬ȴһĻһ˼㣬ǻ籾Դ
Ȼⶫ۶̲סɴ۾
ŷһûϳ⵽ʲôЩɵĿһһȪŷûȥ
ߵһѾ֪ЩõĶʵΣ
ֱȥѹŷ硣
ʲôŷѯʡ
Һ˵ǻ籾ԴһȪҹδҵû뵽һﾹȻСһĽ˵
ֶãǷҲ˷ѡ
ߵ㹻ˣ޷κΰ
һǴֱʣֻΪߵ״̬ѣݳޡɵø̾Ȼһĸо
˵ңۻ治ʣһֱˡ
ŷ粻۵ĸпȻⶫûκΣգŷȻԷãҪ״̬
ſһҺûĿУһ̣ŷֱֱͦͦĵ˵ϡɫ֮࣬
۱һŷӦһȻӽ͵һ飬ҺõĻʮȻʵڳ𣬵ûǸزԿ϶зӦġ
ĻŷһҪۣʮǿء
ۺȻǹģΪҲˣЩż˵ӦòʮǾһԶȥģѣûҺܹôǴġ
һ˽ӣùŷнһһԲˣǹûиԼ
֮ǰõ۲ǹģڿ̫ˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷҲûа취͵˵ЩʲôˣѵתסҺϮ
ҺſµЧãܲסԵҩᱻǿҩ߶ա
ڹŷڳֻ֮Ҫ׻Դĵ򣬻عһƬء
סˣȻѣûжȥ
ҩ⣬ƻ˺ͽ֮ͣɱ䡣ǳŹȥˣôǾ޴ġ


2377 
һ⣬ʮ꣬Щ飬Ѱҳȥİ취ȴ֣ǷģҲԳȥǵʵȻġ
ԣһȺֻܹʵʵĶŹŷ磬ŷ翹⻯֮
ǶһָоǹŷĻӦþͻŲһı仯
ֻǣʮʱ䣬ŷûƣԽԽǿ󣬶ʮ꣬һɱ䣬죬춯ء
ŷ˰벽Ѿ磬ٶȣĿɿڴ
ʲôĻٶȣе̫˰ɡ
ŷĳϼ֮վǰѪÿһ֮У·̺һһ㡣
Ȼֻǽ˰벽Ѿ磬ȴоԼǿˣȻǰ׼УҲδǿ
·ʮ˸顣ֻһΣʮ˸ֵģδסŷ磬Ǻƹȥģʮ˸ը
⾪˵˼㣬ЩսȻǶģǾԲȥ
Ǵʱŷһ˺Уȴûܵһ˺
ȻŷʵѾһܿµĵز
˾ηһС̲ס̾˵Ļ˾η⻰Ǵӵ۵Ŀ˵֪϶ĿɿڴΪʵ̫ˡ
һָоҲھŶ·ŷԴȥԽǡ
·ʮ˸飬ȫǺ͹ŷͬһǿߣֶκǿʩչͨŷ硣
ŷסֹͣķ
ֻǣȽĶ·ʱҪ̫ˣŷȻˣȴǱǳȣִս
ͨ˿ͷƤ顣
һ¶ᷢëŷֶʵ̫ˡ
ʮ˸ǿߣձŷɱҲˣֻǵϢһʱ䣬ŷ˵߶·
ǰֻһ飬ڽ֮УŹŷ磬һ
һͷҼǿһǹŷֱӶ˹
ŷɫأٻ罣ǿն˳ȥ

һ죬ŷ絹ˡ
¶ȻɫһУǳ¡
ҵһ־ػܹսʤҵ־Խڰ˲㡣Ǹ鿪ڣ˵ֻ
ҲѾˡ̾ϢһȻ˳
ûɢκƣǸ飬Ȼ¶Ȼɫֱӹڵϣ۽вΰݡ
ǻʵ־ӣӦѾˡЩ˵һˣȻλܹһʶڵ˵Ҳһֵø˵顣
ϧǣѾˣ˲֪ꡣ
ֻµһ־ûһȻ־ˣѾˡ
˱ɱһڣɫᶨ
Ļ۸̾Ϣһ
뵽˺ܶ飬ߵһЩˣҲ
ۣҪˡ˵վ
۵˵ͷصֻƬ֮С
ҪСȻǻʵǵΪӽˣԣʵͬһ׶εʱ򣬲̫ࡣ۶ŷ磬Ҫ⡣
ŷһ𣬶ԷȻǿ˵ͷʾԼ֪ˡ
罣һ𣬹ŷˤ³֡
ʵҪѹһУͬʱŷȳһֶϻ֣꣬ԼǿֶΡ
ƽֻһǹ˳ȥһйһһɿµ־٣ŷ˳ȥ
ŷһȻŵĶͷȻǿ󣬿ˡ
ɫأȴʧ䣬սⰻȻ
á
˵һ֣ڶԹŷ̾
۶̲ס̾Ҫ֪Ǵ̾˵ģһΣȴ̾ŷ磬Ȼĸܵ˹ŷ츳
ҲʼղҵĶ֡ŷֽУʩչͨһֱӴӾ֮£ѹȥ
ɱ
Ȼֻһ֣һȴֱӱ
ֻǣһܣ˼ŷ
ʸΪҵĶ֡ڣȻ
ΪʵҲӽǸεǿߣ˵޵УҲ֮࣬˼ٵļ֮⣬԰Уɨһеˡ
ԣ˵ʲôʸġ
ʹǻʣҪҪѹҲôףҪһսܹ
ǻţʵڵ档
ŷɫأ˹ȥ˼ޣ⽫ΪһսһͬŵĴڣһ档


2378 ݻ
͹ŷ࣬ʵȴ˿ùŷȻ֮ǰлһС˵뷨ʱȴƽ
ս񣬵ȴ侲
ͨһͶԷƴɱ
һΪµĴսǿŷ綼˺üΣԪ֮ӿ޸
Ҳܣͬնˡ
ֻǣ죬һսſµս⣬͹ŷսһֲز
ֻһ־ŷʵˣɴ˿ɼǺεǿ󣬿ȵ棬˵ԲΪ
˶ɵˣʹ͸ӰҲܹʱֿ²վԱߣ϶ڵһʱ䱬顣
ЩʿңҺԼ͵Ȼʱȥǲñ֮ս֮С
һս̫ˣŷչֳԼľսǻ޷ѹƶԷ
޾壬ηһִǣ֣ͣһҪѹ֡
սܼңѪǿߵѪҺһΣԻٵһ磬óƬƬǺϨɱ޾顣
ŷ粻֪Լս˶ãΪʱѾûκʱĸеֻǻսͱʤ
˼ҽ棬Ǵϴ򵽵ϣ߲㶼Ҫٵˣս˲֪೤ʱ䡣
գŷѪⷢ⣬һѹס
ŷƿ罣ֱն䡣
ɱʧ
ηϣԹڰ˹ءʧ
ŷƽȴһȻʧĸо
һö֣һǿ˵ǾֵϧġȵʧʱǻȻ
ڹŷҲ˲Щһƨڵϣ̫ˡ
һҺֱӱŷУʼһɾ
󣬹ŷ޸ϣǿ
ޱȣųȵĲڰ˲㡣
ڰ˲㣬ŷϵģһ·һڹ֮ϣһˣֻһҪơ
ŷ磬̲סһһ
Щţͬʱ̲סȻ⵽˭Ȼǿֻѹ
ŷȻ֪ѵʵôǹŷȴһָо˵ʵֻȴǿȴ
νĵ棬Ҳδ˵Ķ֡
뵽ŷһͬ²һĻǰ˾ֻһݡ
뵽ŷ뵽֮иܹǸ˵ʣ˳ơ
ǻʡŷ̲ס
ʣǸ͵һǿߣڰ˹ص˾Ȼ
ǹŷʺܺãʱҲһʵе̫ˡ
ʣּˡ˳߹ȥ
ʱ֮ϵĻ۾۵ʱ֮¶һĨȣŵͷ֣һô£ټѾ;
ˣۻһЩš
ˣȻ˵ȴһ˿ϣ
ϾǺһĴڣҪǲĻеǰ취
ڲ֮У̸ЦЦĻһ˵ʱõ۵۾һ
ŷһһ²⣬ֻǲҿ϶
û˵վһߣǿ֮ĶԻǹŷ磬Ҳ졣
̸֮۷ʱ򣬼ʹǵ棬ҲҪվһʵʵš
Ҷˡ΢΢һЦ
ʵ˵ͷĿͶڹŷϡ
ŷʱ򣬲ſʵòЩ𾪣˶Ҫɵˡ
ΪʵòȻһģһɺϣŷ粻š
ҵĺˣҺܸˣҵսɣӮңнھŶ·ʸֻҪͨھŶ·ӵƿһеʸ񡣡ʵ˵ƺŷΪˡ
棿ŷ̲סʵ
ʱ򣬹ŷѪ֮дһֺӦᣬ۾
ŷѾ֪ǰʵݣͬ˵һ档
ڵľ飬ǻʵĺᡣ
ݻʣǻʵȫƣʵҲǴŵ꼫ǿİ˸򣬶Ǿݻʵĺˡ
ֻҵһʵ£ܹҵĻгԽҵȵʸ񡣡ʵ˵֮оȻһ˿ڴ
ŷоһ˵ͷ˵ְɡ
ŷţԼ֮ͬ޵УʹԷǻҲһ
¶ɫͬʱЩЦȻȳ֡ǵ˻һ䣺ҪССһʵ󡣡
ҵҪúõĸһˡʵһЦһɴݣŷȥ
ĳˣ֮䣬µͷųѹһС
ڻʵĵƽȴְʮ㡣


2379 
Ȼŷ磬ɫأܵһ־Եѹƣ̫ˡ
һУŷͷ˳ȥ
ʱŷ֣νͻֻһ㣬Ǿһ㣬ͬһǵž죬ԿԽ
ŷŸܵʵ˫ѹ£ǿֻˡ
ɱ
ŷȣǿƷ
ﱻûʱˣ¶̾ɫ
ʵǿ̾һ˵ˣ̫ˣĵۿǳ˵֮⣬ĺܹһ㡣
ʵϣƾһŷ罫ĳɾͣҲӽ
Ȼһŷ粻㣬Ҳͬ㡣
һѻʵʥ֣ȾѪŻĻԻͣŷ¡
ŷٻ罣ûһ֣ͬն˳ȥ
ը罣ֱը飬ŷ絹ˣǰһӡ
һ罣ٴ۳ܹо罣ǿˣӵϡ
罣ԣڻ֮Ȼĸǿ
ȻҲһޣ罣ܳԽŷʵ
ͨ۾һ¶̾ɫ
СӲĵطأҲҪˡһ˵
ʶʱɫ֣˵ݻʲܡ
ţһ޵ʣ˾̾
ذܡŷ絭˵
ΪΣЩ죬ŷҲ̫˰ɡ
ΪǾۣеۣлʡŷȻ˵չ
ʱӵһִǣѹأһۣǹŷ˵һǵеۣлʣǬ
á
ݻʴЦΪŷ̾һ̣ȴݺݵĽŷɳȥ
ҪΪ޵ۣ˵ʳ˹ȥҲûһ֡
ŷȻɳȥȴܴݣΣңͶԷսֿŻʵĹ
岻ͣ˵ģȴûѹƣŬƻʵѹơ
䡣
ը
ЩڹۿսǿߣһѪ¶ȻɫͨӰ񣬾Ȼܹ˵ǣŷǸʵǺεǿ
ܶ˲ҿҲһЩǿߣŬۿѵһǿʹ޷˵ʲôģۿҲо޴ջ֪ԼĿ굽ǺֲεĴڡ
ŷͻڼսڿѪֻһᣬܵ˿µĴˡĿȴܼᶨԼչķͬûʼѪ
ǿµһսൽ˼㣬ʵľ磬͹ŷ紦ͬһλãȴȹŷ綼Ҫǿơ
ѹƣùŷЩʹͲӦ
֮ͬУ˭Ǵûй顣Թŷ粻ңѹեԼǱܣڴս֮бԼʱ䡣
ɣ㲻ҵĶ֡ʵ˵֮дһɽ
ŷɫЩ䣬ĸû˿ֻиŨսⱬ
ʵ۾֮һ˿̾ŷ־̫ᶨˣʹĻ޷ҡŷıġ
ǺѼģҪ֪һЩ콾رһ·һֱ޵еˣѹƵʱ򣬶ǵĴǷǳ޴ģܶ˶ֱӱˡ
ǹŷûУص˼㣬ͨʩչɱʡ
ҪĵֶΣ㶯ҡСӵıĵģʵܹѹֱ˵ϹЦݡ
һٿڣȫעͶս֮С
һսܼңŷԡѪеͨʩչ˲֪ٱ顣ǰĵˣȴǿ˾ʹ򲻶
֪ս˶೤ʱ䣬Ҳ֪˶ٴΣŷԺ֮УսѾûбͷˡ
һҵսһȫȻɣȻǻʶ̲ס¶ȵɫʱĹŷ磬ѾԺĶԾˣȻʵǲȴɱֶΡ
һȭһ㽫ŷ򱬣ʵ˵㲻ҵĶ֡
֪
ŷҲˣĿָȣŻʣһɿֲս⡣
֣֮ĥҵ壬ǻŷ˵ͨһɱȥ
ʶŷ˼ڽɱ䡣ֻǣɱзգ֮ɱûκ֣пɱ
ǰ贲һǸʱлʵһƿأͨһЩ˲临Ȼͳȥ
սһɱǾ
ŷҲ֪һ㣬ȴܷҪĥ³
ԽʣΪʲôôǵۺͻʶᱻɱδܿ£ŷҪԼԽһУĻܹ֤Լߵ˵İȫ
Ѫڣѹեÿһ˿Ǳܣ֮תڲһֿµı仯
ŷϢڲͣһͻҲоˡ


2380 Լս
á۾һ
û֣ͣɱ˹ȥ
ŷ֣ѪתɱһС
˵ײǵˣȻƽɫ
һûռκƣǹŷɱ䣬ȻڼֽĺܾˣȻǵҲݡ
Ϊŷֹڵڰ˶·л򣬹ŷ粻ͻơǵۣҲֻһЩ£ܹܻʵһ
ǹŷȴǿƣ˵ʵȻҪԽˡ
֮󣬹ŷٴγȥһ̫ǿˣһȭ£ű飬Ǭޡ
ʷ죬˿̸оѹڱŷĹ
ײըһ
ǲ̤֮ϣӲãţһ̣Ƕǿһߡ
ŷһսչ˵Ĺ
һ̣һ޵еѹκˣȻǰ޵еĻҲһ
Ѫɽ岻ͣ˺ۣȴһоûУĲɱ
ۡ
ŷһѪʴһӡǰһ󶴡
һ̣ŷ籬˫ֽӡʥȭȥʰ߼ͷ
棬쳣ҡ
֮еЩǿߣëȻǻǣһɱˡǹŷȴսز
ۣ˾ηǸ̾һľη
ŷĿ֮ûκβͻսͨݻ˼£ͬʱڲͣ
Ϊۣɨһе֡ŷһ̣ױͨһһ֮⣬ֱѹ˹ȥ
ǿʣҲֱӱɳȥҲǵס˲һ㱻ɢ
ŷٴγ֣ǿޱȣڻʵϡ
ʱУӵˡ
ס֡ۼʾҪʧˣʸϽһŷͣˣվԶֶŻʣĽս
һ˵ͷ˵ӮˣԽھŶ·
ʵĻ۶ʱ۾һ
ŷҲǼھŶ·ֻĴھŶ·ǳԽʺ͵ۣԺпȡñǸǿĳɾ͡
ھŶ·ûеô򵥣㽫пĴսۿ˵ŷ͡
Һ͵ۣûдھŶ·շˡҲڣ˵Ļ
ŷȻӵھŶ·ǿǣڵھŶ·֮ʧˣοȻڻ˻ʣŷ֪ⲢʾԼȻǿٴһսĻʤδ֪
ңֻǻʵһˡ
ڴˣԻӾޡ
ھŶ·ʲôŷʵ
Լ
ʵûֱ˵˳
ŷһ£ԼЩɻѵĵһ𣿲룬ֱҡͷͲܣʿһͲκεĶҡ
ǺԼսһͣɳ㣬һ˿ͽһ㣬ңĳ̶ֳ˵Ǹ˽㣬ǻнʮ·ʸ񡣡ʺ͹ŷ͡
ŷһ𣬲ǻ˵ǸͣԼеʮ·
ʮ·ô֪۶̲סˡ
ʮ·Ҵģ֮󣬵׻ᷢʲôҲ֪ΪҲûнδ֪кôᷢõ飬ǣ޷ԽھŶ·ûнʮ·ʸ񣬾ʱûн롣ʵ˵˽͡
һԴƵھŶ·ġŷоһ
ϣЦһЦ
ŷ뿴˵һۣյ۽ֻƬ֮УŷȻ̽˵ھŶ·
һһ򿪡
ŷɫһ˻ʵϡ
Զһ˳֣ǿֲɢһǿߵϡ
ǵھŶ·ֵǹŷԼֱնȭͷ˳ȥʵ顣
һ̣ŷһХ˳ȥ
ֱʩչͨһڹȥδʱ֮г֡
Ǹŷ硱ҲһʩչͨҲͬܡ
һ̣ͬʱ˳ȥԡѪ
ʱ򣬹ŷ綼̲סҪˣһ֪ԭԼôѲ
ǼûһͣЪڵһʱ֡
ȸղźͻʵһսŷžãԭԼսΪѵġԷ˽⣬ʼΣŷ˲ٵĿͷ
ŴսļŷԼ˽⣬ҲڼǴһƽ֡
ŷͷִۣս֮нǶԷҲһͬ޷ѹơ
Ǽҽ棬֮УŷԼĸͨһ㡣ǲͣѪսںԼսùŷķǳࡣ

ȭͷײȫը¶ͷѪܡ
ûʲô˿ңԼҲһұʤŷ󺰣ٴγȥ


2381 
ѪȵĴսԼԼŷǿʢһ֣Է͸ǿʢ⼸һ޽ľ档
ǣŷȴܼᶨǶһ޶ģɸơȻνԼҲ˿ҡ
ŷţԼΨһģҪɨһе֡
սڼޱȣھŶ·ȫѪǳ̾͵·ȫ飬һ·һ򣬵ǴʱȻҪһ
̫ˣŷѾع۷ΪҰٳ߸ͷһҪˣǹŷȴûнǸ磬ǼѹƣȻ׼𾳽硣
ļޣһبļ¼
ȻҲΪ֮̾ŷһɵĳɾͣԲǡ̫ˣֱ֣˾̾ҪˣȴѹסԼ׼еʵ
ڣȻһǿƵԹŷ磬ҲԲǶ֣϶ᱻ䱬
Ȼŷ޷ƵھŶ·ҲעᳬԽˡ
ʱ˿̣ۺùŷھŶ·ôսˣǱѾϿˡ
δڣΪŷʵᶨˣսսһԼͨһ֮⣬µ˼㡣
ȻʱĹŷ磬ҲȫǶ֣޷֮ȡ
ѣŷѾӽǸսǾ˵ģһ׼ѣӽ˴ѵսʵ̫ǿˡ
սڼŷٶȣľˡ
Сӡ۶ˡ
Ϊ𾪵һĻŷĶ֣Ҳһֱӱɱʣ
ôܣһڿˮ
꼴ʹǻʺûдһءȴˣֱ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ûʲôܣǶһ޶ģ˭ܸңԲܣֻǽһֶѡŷ絭˵
ǸҲôġһ
վңҲǰ롣ŷƲ죬һм
ðɣ۱ʾŷ紳ȥˣǺܸˡ
⻪һתŷ֮С
һȺ˵ʱһ£ǵʮ·
ҡҡͷȻܣԼ˵ھŶ·ЩˣȻں󷽾Ѿ̭ˣҲܹĻǾ̫ˡ
Щ׼ʼǿҲǺ𾪡ŷ羹ȻҲ
ԣ·ϻˡһ˾
ŷۿ˹ȥǸ˵ʱ̲סɫ΢䣬ⲻǱˣĶӹ졣
ֻǣǶһˡ
һ뿪ֻжһŷѰ죬Ҳδҵˣȴˣ϶ʲô⡣
ٴνŶ·𣿡ŷѯʵۡ
ѾˣȻлʵһվǻʵıƲסŶ·ȥ۸о˹ŷż飬Ҳ֪ݣŷ͡
ŷĬȻֻվȴǰ
ʵһܹͽ룬ʵҪǿͻƣȻҲܡ
ŷֻеŹıӰĺǿǿͻ˵ڶ·
˾Ҫ֪ܶ˶޷ͻƵڶ·͵ǹȴˣڲ²⣬˵˭ȻֿµǱ
Ѫ϶ˣһˣҵȽɱѪһ׼˵һͷ棬ȴȻ׶
ѪҲǵǱ׽볬Ѿ硣ӦţҲһ׼һͷǿӢС
ֻƬ֮ҡͷһ֪ط
ڱ˸ǰȻҪ˼ҵĺӣֱ֪
ԣ֣ûио¶еˣӢЩɻʵ
е㣬ԣɱͷȻӦʱһȫĿɱԴ
Ĺŷʱ׶סˣòûλɡ
λ߶£һ̿֡
ҪɱŷָӰ֮еĹʵ
Ӣǿʱɵӣ֪鲻ˣǸòƺǰйϵ
Ǹ˵оǰһڣ׶˺ڰ֮С
ŷûκζױըˡɫƽĿɨֵ̿ˣ˵ǰҪɱҵĺӣǻ
ʱЩʿȻͬʱͬӢ˿µû뵽ǸڴŶ·ˣȻǾ۵á
˵ӣȷʵеƣȴӢһ㣬ʣȴŷ硣
ֻǣһܳھŶǳ·֮У߳˺Զ
·˹ȥѪ˵Ķ·ͬŷһ㣬˻ҺȻսһ顣
£֮ͬУſµı֡


2382 ʮ·
Щʿŷ磬и̾丸ӣӢ۶Ӻúһ㶼١
ŷǿҲһǿף˵·
֮컹ǳŹȥˡսһ·ǰС
֮£ȹŷҪ࣬ȴסˣһ·ս˵߶·
֣һιʩչȻסˣѪƴȴҪʧˡ
Ǹ̾ЩʧͬʱҲһǶǹŷЩ˵ĴںŬʲô嶼ûˡ
ŷĿᶨŹ죬һָоԿԹ߶·ⲻļޡ
Ȼ첢ûȫܣ֧ţͬǷˣǿ
Сӵ̫ˡŷҡͷЩ
˵ܣΪʵߣͨ׵õȻǷһ壬ҲʩչΪпܻļǸʱȻǴѳ֣Ҳ޷ת
ΪȺˣʩչͨӵΣգһ
ǣɹˣԡָȫʢ״̬ǿ
սĴ˵ڰ˶·
ŷ̾Ϣһ֪϶˵ڰ˶·ȮӣҲһļ޵ġĥ»߶·ļޡ
Ȼڰ˶·ûһܣֱ˳
֮кܶ˵ʱһŷ֮󣬹ʱ¶ϲɫ
ȫû뵽ԼȻ˹ŷ硣
ס󺰵ɫ
ŷ籧ס˹죬꣬Ǿֵÿĵһ顣
ܿɿ죬Ȼʵأ
һ£¶ȻɫЩͳ˵ñڤץˡ
ʲôŷɫ䡣
ͣǳȥûжã㱻ڤ˶ϣȻֱץˣڤй
ʵ㹻ǿȴǵĶ֡
ҵһᣬڤ
úҹѺĲһطûҵáɫ֮гΡ
ôҡŷʵ
ûвףп϶ʲôԭ
ڤ׷ɱңʮܿµǿߣ׼ҲΪѡЦ
ʮ׼ʵʵ̫ˡ
ӵģ֮£˻ʳ֮У׷ɱڤǿߣ档
ʳȻԽˣȴʲô˶Խ룬ڤǿߣʳų⣬޷ط
һ㲢֣վֻ֮еǿߣʹҪǳ·ǿߣҲֻѡ֮еǿߣλǿߣҪĻˡ
ԣѡ
ĺǿ󣬽˰벽Ѿ磬ǾŶ·߳ĳɹڴ֮ǰûôǿ󣬲޵Уʮ׼׷ɱ֮£Ȼܹڤ֮ӳҲǾˡ
ڤΪʲôҪǳ֣ŷʡ
к˸Լ²⡣ǹŷ绹Ҫ϶һ£֪ڤ϶Ҫȥһˡ
ȻȥڤҲڣԺҪһߵľ磬ܹȥڤ򣬷
Ϊ״ʲôأҪԸסһ£Żش
֪ˣңȥһطҪһʱܹŷ˵ɨһΧ˵Ҫܹסҵ׷ɱԶɱҶӡ
ЩǿȫɫһݣڨЦϽ֡
׷İɣǻвҡЦ˵Ŀɨǿߣ֮дһɰ
Ǵ󻰣е
ʵ˰벽ѣڰ벽۷壬ֻһ㣬ܹʼ漶ˡϰ˶ǳ·ڹʵɱһ׼
֮ǰʵĻҲñڤ׷ɱôǱˣԷɱԷ
ŷͷһȻʧ
𾪣֪ʲô顣
ûйãʮʱ䣬ŷ֣ȾѪĲӡ
һֱӳȥŷ磬
Щ˿Щǻɱŷ磬ѪĻ˵Կ𵽷ǳãһЩ׼ҲԽŹŷѪֱ֮ӽж˵
ŷֻǿһۣЩתͷˣһ̱˵ϡ
ʮʱ䣬ǲ֪ŷ羭ʲôȴӿˣһ񣬾Ǵеͷ
û£ֻС˶ѡŷ˵ѵȫ˿ںѪתŸȻԹŷڵʵ޷ڶʱ֮


2383 δһս
𾪣춼Щţ޵еĸôʮ·ǿҲµ˺ۡ
ԹŷʵҽȻڵһʱ޸˺ۣɴ˿ɼϵǶôĿ¡
ŷ۾תʼˡ
ǣֹۣЩ˿ϣǺܿըùŷѪܡ
һĻһǣЩǿߣһۣЩ˲ģǾã£ҲĿԶ֣ŷ硣
ŷʵǼʶˣܵһָоȻҲǿʵѾ˴Ѿ硣
ˣһѪ⣬ܴʵ
ڹŷܵôصƣǵһᣬڹ죬Ȼͬǿ󣬾ޱȣֻһ벽ѣô׼𣬻ûнһ벽ѷС
뵽Щŷ翿
Ҫʲô춢ǣк˸
ӲҪᣬֻҪһ¾̨۵ôһ׼Ц˵ҪԹ졣
ǹȴΪĿȻֱӳ֡
˭Ҳû뵽ǿƣͨϳһ⣬Ǹ׼ϡ
Ǹ׼һ仰û˵ֱը飬ɱ
һĻסˣ˺ˣɫ衣
ҲһԹۣǱûжֵĴ㣬ڸˡ
ۺޱȣãҲһͬ£Ȼֻǰ벽ѣȴɱ׼
츳ĺܾˡ
ȻڻʵУûгھŶ·һ㶼⡣
ʳţһ˶֮ȵġ
˭ҳֱ֣ӸɱЦ
ĻЩɫĮȻҲв˺ˣǰ
ֻһѣҲסǵһȺΧһʼЦȻ׼𣬵ȴǿƣҪ֡
ڴʱŷ۾һ⣬Щеȫը顣
ʱЩ˻ǺȻŹŷ磬ȫˣʹܵشŷҲǲܴġ
󣬹ŷ۾
ǺȻķ֣˿ڣȻȻըѾ˲ãЩʧı
һĻһ
֪ȥ˶ãŷ˹ɢֲѪĳϼ֮վȻһԲٴγ˳ȥ
ʮ·ٴοùĿɿڴԼ׵ȥʲôˣ
һεʱʮʱ䣬ŷصͬѪ嶼ǷǿճһģȻĻ϶ը
׾ʲô죬ĿɿڴԼĸʵﵽֲĵزˣ𣬿Ҳɡ
ڣȴˡ
һãŷ绨ʱǣȴøǿȻٴν˵ʮ·
һΣʱ䣬ŷ߳
һγģֻһͷ­
ˣЩš
ŷѵ޸壬ȫָǿˣȴĮȻ
ף㵽ʲô̲סʵ
ȥ˽һս죬һආսջɱҲ˴ŷĬһ£˵
һս
Ϊڳ˶֪ǰȥףǽȴֻһ̽ǲһʧ
ʲôû֪ȻǿߣҲ޷̽ѰһС
ڣŷȴ˵Լȥ˽һսһආһɱ𺳣Щš
Էǿ󣿡̲סʵ
ǣǬλ棬ܹǿǿߣ޼ٶûʱĳ֮УҲҲˣЩǻɱǺǿ󣬺ųסŷ֮͸صɫ
ףǴϵ˼ʶǵǿ
ܶ𾪣Щ֪롣
˵ĻŬʲôãǿˣȻͶԷһආƴһܾˣһʯ١
ˣֵΣ
ЩȻܹоν𣬶δǹŷĶ֡
ҲЩ𾪵˵ǵһʲôǿߡ
ʱҪǵ飬һս۹ǿˣһδϴʤΪƿλĲһսǻȽϾԶŷ絭˵ҲΨһһȽϰοˡ
ͷ˵ұȻ͸һ𣬲սɨС
ãҵĶӡŷЦ
һ̣λŷ֣Ѿڻʳˡ
պʳǿΪλĵطвûʲôͱĪҪ̰ȻĻֻẦԼŷɨһЩǿߡ


2384 ڤ
ŷĻЩ˵ͬ⻹ǲͬ⣬Ƕͷ¹ŷԼ˼ˡ
ŷŵͷ¶ɫ
͹ȥǴݡ
ʱʳѾӰ첻ŷ磬Ϊŷʵ⣬˵ھŶ·ĳ̶ֳ˵ѾΪԸļ̳ߣǾǳԽʣʳ飬Ȼ˺ŷ磬ɹŷ
죬ڳˡһ𣬵ȴӰ
ŷЦһ֪ڤˣ֮һʮԳΣվ֮Уɢµơ
Щ㶣໥ӣԼôˡ
֮УǲԸĻǲġǸʱ˺ˣ֮еˣҲ˺ǡ
ڤƵԶԣǲнġ
ڣȴ֮УⲻǵֶΣ˱ǳġ
ôĵӣ׷֮ǹȻǲЦһʮ׼
Щ˺ǿڵʵҲڶԷĶϵĻκһˡңڹŷߣȻӲģԼ׵ʵԽԽֲˡ
Ǻǣʲôҵڤǧţӳʼʱڵڣƿλ棬ȻڤǰҲֻвķݡһǿߣϲƬ֮ɱ졣
ʿʱѾɵˣ䣬Ȼڤ򣬶һʮ׼
ڤҲ˵ֻһƨʶĽýȻĻڤҪŭ뵽Լãǳż
ŷɫһҲ뵽ԼŮзǳƽ
ԷЦĲм
ŷ翴һۣȻһָ
Ǹڤǿը飬
ҲУʱǵЦȴסˣĶŹŷ磬֮ȫǾ衣
Ƕû뵽ǲˣֻ֣ɱһͬ顣
ɱڤ֮еˣһ׼ŭ
ڤ߸ϣھȻ˸ɱڤ׼Ƕǵһ衣
ŷ翴һۣȻһ˳ȥ
ʱ׼ٴαɱѪȾ񷡣
һĻסڤ׼ǺȻŹŷ磬֪Լ˺ݲӡ
ڤʲôŷ絭ʵûпֻһǣڤС
ǺˣȻ֪ڤ磬ڤ򣿡һ׼ǳ⣬
ŷ翴һۣһЦ³һ仰۹ŷ硣
㡣
Ǹ׼һץˣΪ˹ŷ硣
һʱ䣬Ҳŷ磬ǾץˣΪԹŷҪЮ
û뵽ŷ羹Ȼ֣ͳǵǰ˵ǿơʵȻ׼ȥҲǰ״һжס
Щڤǿ߾ãҲڤ֮е֣ܹɱ˶Է
ڤ֮һֱһ˵ǵһʵԼˣȻǸڤˡ
ԣǶڹŷܹעҪɱŷ磬һֶζԡ
Щˣֻһȥұţڤ֮еǿߣǰڤ֮ǰҹŷŮĻұȻڤ򡣡ŷ˵꣬ǿը飬ֱ
˭ûпŷζֵģɱ߸׼ëȻʣµһ׼ɫ԰ףһڿˮ֪Լˡ
Ҳ֪ڤ˭˵㣬˭תһ䣬ŮҺڤ֮ĶԹһʹԼֵĻڤȻѪ졣ǹŷĻ˾ɱ⡣
Ǹ׼ͷȻ廯飬ʧ
ڤ׼뿪ˣصڤ򣬹ŷ翴һۣȻ죬뿪
ŷعʱ򣬾ס˺ܶˡ
ܶ˾ãŷ϶Ҫϵˣǽȴǵ󣬹ŷˣʵٴ
ʹĴҲǿ߸ܵŷϢӵĿˡ
һ󼰵ľ磬ҲֻгѲܹƥС
졣ǿ֮󣬶ʱᣬһѱס죬һ
ӲΪĵģЩ
Ҳ˾ϲЩǣΪһûм
ԯЩʵŮأ
ҵ䣬ʱȲץڤ֮ȥˡŷ̾Ϣһ
ŷĻ˶ЩĬ
ڤ򣬱ʿ֪һʲôطȴӹŷĿ˵ˣǸطԿ£ǿƣҲҪǿơ
õģһὫŮڤǻԼΪġŷ絭˵ɱ졣


2385 ΰ
ŷ磬Ƕʶһ⣬ǾǹŷʵֽˣȻĻҲع顣
أŷ̲סһ䡣
ûиоεĴڣһԷϢûС
սˣսһɱսеˣȥսһλˡԯ˵
ŷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ӧ𣬾Ȼսⲻһõͷ
ȥһ¡ŷ룬˵һ䣬ֱ˺һѷ죬ս֮С
һŷоǿƬսڱ
λѪһһս
ĳ·磬ǶԷĶ֡
Ǹ˺ǿŷҲʶԷ쵽ϤϢ
սʱֻ֣֣ǹŷû뵽ǣʱ꣬ԷȻٴ֡
սڽУܶǿ߶ԶԶ㿪ֲεսսһɡ
ûнУ׼۷壬ͲһͽˡսȻԼѪȴҲöԷѪܵ˺ܴ˺
ϣɣ㲻ҵĶ֡Ǹ𣬱һ˫ëͬſµÿһɨȥڹεһЩ˿ڡ
ҶӿɱҲͬԣʲô֮µϣҪȥնɱ𡣡Цɱ죬ţͬʱӵΪᶨʤһԼ
ʵϣҲȷʵڲͣĽǰԶԶ˵Ķ֣ûֻսף˲٣ֻ΢һ·硣
ţٸԼһʱӦԼͿɱԼ
ŷ籾ҪֵģεĻ֮ϵվûǰ
˼ҽ棬ǿɨ˷ǿµһĻر飬о˵Ļܡ
ضڳûǴϵˡ
սԾǿߵɱ𼶵սȴѳס
սȻ˵˵ģģĿԻٵһ
ι˲ЩںͶԷսȫ񶼷˴ս֮Уʤʧܣˡ
ȫʩչԼµ
ڵĵطûʣ
ŷ翴ķܵشҲɱУöԷѪܵ˺
ڲҪԼ漣׼Уɱ
ʵϣŷҲ޷һ㣬֮ǰʱ򣬿ս𣬺ǲ
ڣҲﵽˣҪĸ࣬һŵİҪնɱһ
ƬѪɳȥϣû޾֮С˶ˣ֮£սʮ㣬Ǹȴŭɫ䲻ÿ
һ׼սһ޹⡣
ȻԷǾ۵ĸҲһ֮䣬һˡ
ƿᡣᣬʩչһµȻҪһ˵
ŷЦˣͬʱҲЦˡ
Ҳһжڱ˵ЩЧȻǿʵҲᱻöԪˡ
ǣڹ˵á
ҽɶƿأҪµĶˡ
һûεڣȴһ㶼ûܵӰ졣
ƿᡣ¶ȻɫȻͬѾϤһĸ
ǸЩţԼܱѧ
һ̣֪ԼˣǴס
Ϊ֮еܣڿٵţȻΪһѣҲԳʧ

һ˲꣬˰׷Բԣܲơ
һʧȥܣȻһҲЩܲסֳ̬
ɱ
һ̣γչɱ
ɳȥըɫ䣬֪ãԼΣ
Ϊʱ̫ˣʧȥܣ˥ޱȣӴķȴ
ɱ𡣡û˿ͣҪɱ֡
⣬ͨһᴩǧ磬һ⣬ѹ¡
һ̣Ǹܵвһϣ
Ļһµ־գ֮ϣޱȣȻľһɫ֮г˺Ȼ
һѣһ˲临գ־̫ˡ
һֱֻֻ˹ȥŵܣȻǹζоɵֿͲǶ֡
һεĴڣ޷󼰣ڵľ֮У޷סǸĴڣһǿߡ


2386 ס
ҪȥǸͶ㲻һɿµҪɱ
һ̣ζˣͲǶ֡
ûзȻǴҪɱҲҲöԷù
ʱһ˳˳ֱӳֻ֣֡
һɿµĲǸֱסˣù𺳡
δԼĳԣֱӺɱȥ𱻻ɱը飬
һˣǵǰλɱ̫ھˡ
ɱ֮󣬹£һֵŷܹоϵϢת䡣
Ҫ𾳽ˣŷ¶ϲɫεǱŷǷǳģҪǽУսԿ£ҲҪ˴ǸʵȽ߽֮Ҳܹսˡ
Լ׵츳ŷɡ
ֵֻ˾ŭһֱ˹
ȻҲоҪΪˣҪɱΡ
ŷЦڴֵǰ棬⣬죬ͷųƥķӲֻ֡
ֵˣ֮ײȴûκβ
ǿȴܹоûκβǹŷʩչ˲ֲ
ȫգͲͻҵŷЦ˵ֻ֣ûٳ֡
ʱսϵſŷݣǶʱ¶ݡ
ǰͽܡմЦ
ʦܡӣҲ¶һĨЦݣֻյ֮ЩˬһռԼıء
ܶĿɿڴֻ˵ŷǿ֮ǰɱ׼𣬺ս𣬵ŷеĶҪǿˣȻԵסѵһֻ֡
ȻûȫգҲԲһĳѿȵġ
ֻһֿܣǾǹŷʵѾһĴˣǽӽһս
ʶһ㣬ܶ˻һǿߣκ˵һ衣
޵СǴ󺰣˼
ŷ綢Ŵ֣ػŹΣûκζɫƽ
ȫգ綼Ҫ㸲Ϊ֮һһԣ˶֪˵˼
̫߹Լˡŷ絭һЦɫ֮Щм
һѶѣĽԼʲô˲ˡҪ֪֮УѾ֪ĴѾˡ
ûصˣŷ粻֪ǹǰ𣬾;ֹκҵ
汻۵ǴУ컯Ժ͵˵ʵѹסһǿߡŷȻã֮еѣ۵ʵ
ȻǵۣԵ컯ֵʱ򣬿¶оѹɡ
Ҫɱ㡣Ǹ𣬴һŭ
ͳ˭ŷЦͬ̽һֱֻ֣ӽ֮С
һ̣֮鱯ֻʮ֮һĵط򣬶ʱԹ죬֪鱻ɱ
쵰Ǹŭһ̣ӿµȻҪˡ
ŷɫ䣬վһ㶼ġ
Ȼһ־Ҫȫѵʱµ־٣Яޱߵɱ⣬ûпڣȴ֮У֮еĴֹͣ˸ա
ŷ¶ЦݣջԼ֣վػŹΡ
ǻڵġųһݻǸڣֱջԼ־
־Ҳߣ򣬶ָƽ
ŷվ۲ת֪һЩʲô
εϢڲͣϢҲڷһʱ䣬ǴӴ֮г˳ȥ֮ϡ
һʱ䣬˳Ȼڴ֮ϣϢѹһ顣
ŷ֪ԼĸףǳΪ𣬴ﵽ硣
⻹ǽ𾳽֮󣬹εȹһ£ٴ
Ϊĺܿ죬θߵһ˵ĵز
ȻǸոս볬磬ǹȴ˺ԶһӣĿ²Ѫ֮վһ
ĳ̶ֳϣųܡ
α۾ʵĿУ̾ϢһԼڽˡ
ʿľ磬ȴ㣬Ϊ滹дѣܵʵ̫ˡ
תŷ˹ȥ¶һĨЦݣСڳ׳Խˡ
Щʧ䣬Ǹοëӣɳһ׵Ľˣŷƶڵսǿˡ
ԵסѵĹʵζѾ޷ˡ


2387 ᷨս
նɱŷǿƣֱӷʮ֮һĵɱǲ֪顣
֮еĲǿ߾쵽𾪣ЩţͬʱҲҡ
ǿ󣬿ѣʵ̫ھˡ
ܶĬȻӹŷ磬ûн£ڣȴָֻܹ߶ȣ붼ûа취롣
ס˴ѣʹֻһʵҲ޷ˡ
ȻҲһɡ
ңǵǲǹŷʵû
ͽܡմЦ˹
ʦ𡣡ŷ񣬺档
ΪԽߣԽ֪رˣǱǿߣһв顣
ŷһ㣬ԼĳɳߵЩˣҲô㡣
գ켣֮ϣһܴá
ãͽܣͬҲһ˸ǿˣʱգʲôѣʲôǿߣҪͽܵĽ¡ܸˣͽˣ򸴺
ձӣĸԸƽӹҲҪ׷ԼͽܵĽŲˣΪ۷ǿߡ
ġ߹Źŷ磬һĸ̾
ҪСʦܣĳɳĳ˵ϡ
֣Ѿ޷ˣһЩ漣
˵ʵҲѾˣȫʼУǵ츳ɱ׼𣬵Ǻ͹ŷȣͲĺԶˡ
ʦ֡ŷͬûһ
ʦְֲˣԶԶʦܵĶ֡Щʧ䣬»ǧţ֮Уټͷ
κ콾ʹΪ󱬷ʱҲǽʼ漶Ψһ֮һ
Ǵʱıˣ͹ŷȣ̫Զ
˵ŷ磬˵ΣȻǹŷĸףȴֻȹŷʮ꣬ˣͬΪˡ
̼ģһܣе㻳ɣǲԼ̫׾ˡ
ʦ֣Ҫô룬е˿һɳ죬еȴںʱ֮𣬳ΪǿߣһʱĸߵܹͣӰһˣֻҪһŲͣǰģÿ˶ԳΪۺ;ݻǿߡŷ˵ԼһЩ뷨
ֻս֮УŷĻ˼
Ҫŷ磬ΪǶһ޶ģַΪŷ˵һ⣬ֿܵġ
ʻһˣȻţǲ˵ɳԽֻʱ䲻ѡ
վھߣȻҲ֪˴ﲻǸ߶ȣֻҲڽѡ
Ȼһ죬ʦֵܻᲢսǿС˵졣
һǳҵˣҪս䶼Ȼ־
Լһ죬Ҳﵽŷĸ߶ȣ
ŷͷȻ˵йĻ
սܹˣҪӹսԺͲˡŷ翴һս˵
Եס𣿡ʵ
ܹ⣬ΪܹסѵĻʹһʱᣬҲ˵ŷʵѾսˡ
ܹסղ״̬µĴѣȫʢʱڵĴѣֻܹԤЧܵסŷҡͷ֪ε뷨ȷʵ
ּǿߣվʿľߣ̫ǿˣ֮䣬ûʲôԵסǵġ
ͬǿ֣ܹ߳סѡ
Щʧ˵Ļ컯ǣ绹в֮¡
һ죬ӵսѵʵǲˣֻǶ֪Ҫôһ죬Ҫ춯صĴ顣
Ҳ֮Ͳвˡŷָʱü˵۾һ
ʶŷڵʵ׼𾳽磬ǸһѣԲ˵˵ѡ
ֻй¶һĨǣΪŹŷ˵컯ڴŷ⣬ɾʱ컯϶Ҫ֣ҲǸʱ򣬾ǹŷɥʱ
ҲΪʲôŷһֱûн𾳽磬ҽ磬ûаյס컯졣
һǿߣȻŷΪҲ϶סʱҪɱ
ԣŷ粻ҽǸ硣
ǲ֪һܡ
ŷ˫ֽӡһзɳȥս֮ϣӳսγһɱľ
ɱ𡣡οڣ˵ĻһָоԼɱ֮УҲᱻɱһ⡣
ţвѣԤһ鷳ʤˣҶصɣﲻҪˣѲ֣û˿˵硣ŷЦ˵


2388 
۳Ĭ󻶺
սڿԻعˣһвȴʾǲع顣
ڹŷһЩӡγһƬɱ󣬳˶ҪȻûʲôˡ
ԣ˶ʼ硣
ŷҲع飬ˣ绶ر֪ѾΪ𣬸Ǻܶ˾ϲ
һζʲôҶ
ǿߣǰֻڴ˵֮Уȴĳˣһǿߣǿʢˡ
ңЩûǣǻһۣǿƻع飬Բ
Ȼڱ˰ͳεҲԾˣдѵĴ˿ԸȻ
ܿ죬ŷ翹һֵֻϢ˳ȥ𶯡
ǾȵݣǸľϲ޵еۣеĻҪǿơ
һ𣬼ϹŷȴսѵĴڣ𣬿
ǻȫ˷֮С
ڹŷ磬ǺܳĬص۵֮С
Ϲԯ߹Сһ
ģŮ⣬һЩʱ䣬Ҫġŷ翴ԯһۣһû̫顣
ԯͷˣ뿪۵
ŷھģ˶µˣҪͻˣԲŻ֡
ûȥŹŷ磬ȴͻơ
´ҴңƽʱҲʼ֮С
ǺܶʵǿȴûԸǣƽͣ󲿷ʱǺͱд裬ʲôֵ鷢
ҲڹΪһζıչء
ҴأŷȻ۵֮УѾû˿ԿˡȻΪĹΣҲһǿҪͻƵĻᱻɱ
Ϲʲôԯüͷ۵
£ȥˣŷҲżЩˣȴҪˡ
ŮڤЩûκϢЩһǳġ
һ꣬һ̫ˣԷ̫顣
ڲһֵҪ̶ȵʵοڣ˵Ļ
Ϊʲôԯʵ
ΪΣա˵Ļ
ЩʵҲԽԽǿˣǿƵ˼㣬ȻԹΣҲֻܹ˵ĸ֣Ǿɲ⡣
ΣգԯǲΪŷûк˵Щ
ԹŷΪʵ𣬲֮ˣûй˼ɣһֱѹΪһָоҪͻˡо˸
ԯɫǣʲôΣգùŷ羹Ȼһ꣬κˣҽ𾳽硣
磬콾Ϊ޵ģǹŷߵһںѡ
ҰħʲڵģȴΪ͵ģϣΪ̤׼У֮¿޵С
ڤҲһͬ׼У֮УԸ֮еˣǿޱȡ
죬ǿ££ҪΪˣֱ͹ŷ統һһж֣֮ͬ޵С
Ѿ׼𣬶ӦùּĴڡ
սɱԷѪһ㳹׻ɱµҲ˷֣ӣ׷ɱ˾ǹ죬Ҳ˷֣ʯն°ӣԪŲ뿪
ͬʱԯݺᣬۡɫСЩˣһ˺պ
޷桢˺ܳȻ׼𾳽磬ںͼλĴǿսʱ򣬺ɨ˼λͬǿߡ
кܶˣһ֮УΪ˾ǿߡ
ĲᣬڱĴ֮д֮д棬һµĴС
ȻеḶ́ƽͣǿɱ֡
ĲӴܣһ㱻ɱȻΪ׼𣬵Ǻȣ̫Զ޷ǹһսܳǿߡ
ǸĽҲܱң͹׷ɱձ򱬣һ
֪ǲã׼ʵʲôʱսǿߣ˭˶Ҫë
ǴѣȻĻһܹס˵֡
ڼ䣬֣ԶԶ磬̾Ϣһʧ
һǧأ۵𶯣һӰȻ磬ʧ
𶯣ܶǿ߸ӦĶʱף϶Ҫ鷢ˡ
ȻһɿµϢͷų
ŷ޾֮䣬ͷųԼϢʼͻơ
𾳽磬ֻһ֮䣬Уѳȥ


2389 
һӹŷϱǸ磬Ϊһ
µϣ֮У𺳡
ʥ鶼ھǺȻôôǿԽ̫ˡ
ȻǣĴڣҲһҪĳ嶯ͬһһ
ָоǺȻ
⡭ʯվһ𣬴ʱȴɫѿ
˶֪ŷҪɵˣΪҪͬһ硣ǣԲһϢǺ͹ŷ֮䣬㲻Ѻá
ɫףɬ˵ֻŷΪ֮󣬲ˡ
ɫ֮һɿ־壬ľη
ϢȻһĴѣҲ˰ɣ̫ǿˡ
Ӧû£ǿߣһС飬ֻҪǲȥӦû£ңһԤУһδܹʯӦĺܿ죬ܿƽ˵Ļ
Ϊʲôɻ
ˣ˳ΪʱҪˣһ㶼˽⡣
ܼ򵥣ŷ֮ӣܹɳô죬ں涢ţ𾳽磬ЩˣҲˡʯ͵֪һЩ
֮ӣһ쳣ˣǼûһԭܼ򵥣֮ڽʱ򣬻ᱻѵǣԴѵʵȡһһУǷǳ򵥵顣
ŷȻʵǿ󣬶ҲսʤѣҶԷһ
컯죬棬ЩһǾǿߣرĴڣ֣һβκγɡ
ܻܲһδ֪ʱõġʯЦ˵
ǱôΪҲκ˵ŷôǿߵĿ֮»
Ȼս죬ȴѣҲһûлᡣ
Ȼڹŷ볬Ѿ֮һֱִֻץһ¯ҪŷץС
һѣһǿ׵Ĵѡ
ŷ翴˶ԷһۣЦһ̽һֻ֣ͶԷӲһΡ
컯죬̲סˡŷЦǸ˵ݣʱ
ܶʷûֻ֪ԶĴ˵ʣµ֮Уδ
ǣȴһ˵֮һ컯ǿߣѾ˳Ѿ硣
컯һֱеĴ˵һǿߡܶȻ־磬Ҳ컯˶벻ڡ
ֻǣŷ纰컯֮ǲ֪ԼǴģ컯Ĵڣڹŷ𾳽ʱ֡
ҪȡŷĵֻҪʿܹĳ
Ҳ˵컯첻ڣǴѡ
֮УӦûǿ߸ŷֵġ
ȴ޾£ڵȵһ֮ӣҼǿ֮ӣĵҽ޵УʱʲôʲôݻʣҪҵĽ¡һ˳֣Ӣ죬ʮ꣬ڷŨܣǿһת˺졣
ɢһµ˲ֱӡ
ŷƽ컯죬Цϧʧˣˣֹһ
վתƻ
һۣΨҵ棬С֮Ҫˣˡһ𣬵ͬᣬɫսףǿƵ˼㣬ƺ컯ΪС뿪
컯̲סЦˣŵ棬˵϶ûбҪϣҪ֮ӣһս
ǿƣԵǿߣҲ˿塣
һ־˵ǣҲ˵컯ԼʵѾǿһµĵز
ŷ۾ɨˣ¶Ц
ΪҾô۸𣿡ŷʡ
üͷǶŹŷ磬֮еɼ
ŷսѣȴһĴѣּǿߣһĴѣҲԸӡ
ʵϣǵʵӽĵۺͻˣǿס
Ϊ۸һһߣ
ŷ綢ŶԷоһϤϢ
Ĵѣŷ˼
ǣ֮ӣҽѡһӣҪˡߴЦȹŷҪǿƵĶˡ
ǿߣŷ統ϵ⣬Ͳŷ뷨໥ӣԷеľ衣
ŷϢһ߶֮ʶվ۷壬һͽ˴Ǹ硣
ʱˡŷ̾һ


2390 ˭ɱң
ǿߣͻȻһľĸо¶ݣʶʲô

Ǿɫ֮оȻһɻŵ
ɱңֱһЦŷЦһ̣֮һɳɫĺͷ˳û֮С
˲䣬ŷϢٴ˵˼㡣
һ类ƣΪ˴ѡ
ˣһûķϵ㣬һ£еķѪҪʱͻƵʱͷţһٳΪѡɫѿϤܡ
û뵽ԼȻˡ
ȷʵҪɱ˹ŷ磬ȴû뵽Լ˹ŷһڣܺõԼһЩʵ
ʱ򣬹ŷ籬һٽѾ硣
ղžѾվ۷壬ںԼ֮ǰķѪ˲ѵľ硣
ңһǧ꣬ŷôһΪûУڰлʱͷųȻž˵Ч
ܴϧûнҪллһһĻҲ뵽취ŷЦ
˵ĻһٽѾ磬ежѣֻйŷԼ֪
ԣ㵱ľ磬ǲסģùҡüͷе㻳ɡ
˵Ĺ⣬Źŷ磬͵ʲôϵ
뵽һЩ飬²ࡣ
ѣþòˡ۵˳ŷѣη壬ŷԿԱסûһ⡣
ԣԼŵϢݳȥȻǵ棬ҪɱҲǲܵˡ
ֻսףĲ֮ءɫѿ
ôô۴Ц˵û
컯ŭڵۼֱ޵˹档ﻮôʱ䣬ڵȵһᣬֻҪŷ磬Ϳ޵йŽ
ǣȴΪ۵ԭ鳬׼
ۣΪҵȲ֪϶ǳʲô⣬ȻĻһ˸ǿߣôֻս֮вǳ˴˰ɣһɱ˹ŷ磬ɱ㣬ѪӦܹһ컯˵
ûôҪɱһˡ
ɱ˹ŷ磬˵ɱҵ飬۷ʱǰ£ҶһŲ㡣Ц˵ȶԷӸ߰
컯һѪһѣȵ棬ǧţʲôʱĹȻΪ档
ϻ˵ôʲôɱСӣһѵĵһһݣҲ㹻ˡ濪ڣЩͷ
컯۾һȻ˵ͷͬ˵
Ҳһû֮ӵĴ㣬ֻǸо˹ŷͻƣų׾ѣһ¡
ڣܹõŷ֮һĵ˵һ¡
֮һĵǵʵ붼Դﵽ۵Ǹ
ɱ
ǳ֣֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ѾѾ磬Σ˭ܹɱңŷЦɡ
ֱӳ֣סǿߵĹ
δһսδǣȥһսǵӰҪǺãɱ˰ˡŷ˵ɱ졣
ʮ·ǰδһսص˹ȥпµս
ǣһս֮УδǵӰˣȻܵһսֻһֿܣǶ
ǵʵǿԶصĻȻҲ˲ǡ
ֻǣغƵȴùŷŭ
ɱȫŷ翪ڣ˵ĻǿƵ˼㡣
˾ŭŷŸոս簡ȻôǿƣҪɱˡ
һֳ裬ɱŨˡ
ֻǣĽֵʱǲŸоŷĿ£ǰе棬վڴ磬ȻˣչµķǶЩԲ
ôܣЩš
Ҫ֪ǽѾ磬һ·ߵļԶҽѣһţŷ粻ӦǿƲŶԡ
߹˻ʳǵľŶ·˵ʮ·͸ִܼսʲôܵģ۵Ц
۵Ļ컯ǵɫˡ
һ·Ƕǲûдȥֹڵڰ˶·ǽˣ޷ȹʵһء
֮ͬУûǻʵĶ֣ʹ򲻹
ǹŷ羹Ȼ˵ʮ·ǺȻͲñȣ֪ǲŷ磬ĺԶ
֪һ㣬ǲŷᣬСΪˣȻֻ𾳽磬Ҳܹܶ飬Ҳвǡ
ʱѾˣֻϣԼ˿¹ŷ硣


2391 ٱ׷ɱ
ǿߣʱ˶Ȼʲôӵһָ
ҪһϿµ˼㣬ľ
ܶһָоһ֮սȵսһĵزʱ򶼻ᱻٵ
ŷ糤ХҲɱһ˼սѣȫеٮٮߣǲ·硣
ݺͨ졣
гƬѪɽȥ˶ˣƶ˵ʲô
ֻǣһЩ򣬱ЩѪУٴ
ѵѪ̺ɱ⣬һЩԳֻ˶Уܹһ
ŷӦһУ΢΢̾ϢܹЩʲô
սȻԼ䣬Ҳܹġ
ŷһ㣬۾һǾȻһЩ֮гȥ
ޡ
ŷŭұȸղŸ񱩣һ㽫˶ˡ
վɽƴɱ뿪ط
ԵǱȽϺõģĽ֮ˣǲŻ鷳֪ٴҪΪ֮
ʱһɿ־ͻȻǵǰ
컯Ǽڵһʱ䣬תӡ
ŷЩɻ󣬵ȴ˵۵ĴߣЩˣΪҩǸӦϢ
Щˣŷ۾һ
ֱӿ϶
ҵǡŷֱ˵û뿪
õ۲һ㼱ˣǱЩ˽ɱԲģЩ˵Ǻεȿ£зǳ
ˣһ䣬Щв𣿡ŷͻȻʵ
Ȼ֪ŷ仰ʲô˼ǵͷ˵˼ģ϶ǿߣǱ顣
̫ˣһտŷһЦ
ڴʱһϢĳ֣Ȼǵ
ɫأԶգ˵ˡ
ŷһϢ٣ȫǴǿߡ
Σ󲹰ŷһЦ
ЩһﵱҪԵǵˣŷǶһʵϣղžڸ֤ŷһ˴սǿߡҪæ˭֪תô졣
Щƿص£ոѵΪҩ׸ƿء͡
ԺûлôˡŷЦһ
ǿߣεģֻԭβ࣬Ǹһ֣ŷ֣һߵĵǿûп
ٽǣЩһ̫ˣһɱеһЩˣͻᱻϣҪϺܴĹ򣬲ܹȥѡ
ŷͷʾԼ֪ˣһ̣ŷ֣ɱ˹ȥ
һӴʱ򣬹ŷ֪ΪεҪߣѵʵǲ٣ҪǱЩ˶ϣ鷳
ǹŷ粻壬򵥶ֱӣǿƳ֣Ҫɱǿߡ
ϡ
ǿߺܽɫмŷ֮дźӡ
ŷЦˣϲװƵˡ
ԽһĽԽϲ
ɱһˣͨһһǾɱ
Էɫڵһʱо˲ԣΪŷʵʵе̫ˡ
Ͳһոսѵǿߣŷʵǿ뵽˼ˣǾǵۻǣ޵еǿߣҲʵ
ѼҪסһ
ǣŷֱ֣ӶķֱָԪ
Ǹüըһ޴ޱߵĴ߳ڹŷǰѵԭΣŷɱ֮ԭΡ
Ӧûм棬߸ŷЦֱӽ
סˡ
ԷɫȻתߡ
ֻŷûиᣬֺգضǵȥ·Ȼֱѹ
ȻֻƬ֮еۣĿɿڴȫʢʱڣҲ˰ɣŷһҲ̫ˣŸոսѾ磬Ȼ֣̫ˡ
һԽԼ˳֣ʱգŷվڵĸ߶ȣ¾Ҫˡ
޵Уǿ۷壬ݹŷǰ·
Ҫߵۣ֮ΪǿĴڣ֮Ⱥӡ
ƿеˡ۴Цţ˼
ŷûӦϰٵϢԼ߸ǿŷ磬Ҳľתӡ
ףΪʲôۺͻôǿҪɱˡ
ϰٸѣҲи࣬ôǶֲ֣컯ǵһʱͿʼߡ
ùŷû뵽ǣЩ׷ʩչ˺ֶܶΣûƭùǡ
ŷЩץ
ڴʱмطо˵ϢڱȻѡʱأҪΪѡ


2392 ׵ʲô
ŷһмϢϤˡ
еӣҲֻ𣬻ˣһЩ֪𣬹ŷ粻֪˭ǶѡʱͻƣȻǸӦ״̬
ŷоһӵһߣһطͻƣЩһע
һ׹ŷ˼
˵ͷʧ
ʱϰٵϢҪɢȥˡ
ŷЦһֱ׷˹ȥʼɱЩɢȥǿߡ
Щ˺ǿǴѣԹŷǿߣҲԿ⣬ͲǶ֡
ֻҪˣͻᱻŷɱ
ֻǺ̵ܶʱ䣬ŷɱʮˡ
һȺǿŭˣȥЩͻƵ˵鷳ֱ׷Źŷ硣
ŷӴܣͲҺϰٸӲ
˵ǵ֣Ҳôǿߡ
ʵϣǹŷ磬ϵΧסҲֻбɱһ·
ŷףΪʲôôˣΪԷʵ̫ˣͲǿȵġ
ʵǣЩռơ
̵ȣӾǱЩ׷ձסˣʩչ˸ְ취Ƕһ١Щ۵˵ͬʱѹŷ⣬ǧҪסˣȻĻˡ
ŷȻһ㣬ʵܻԷһᡣ
ڣ׷ɱҲһˣŷо顣ͬŷ˵ģѾﵽ磬˭˿ɱ
֮еĺܶǿߣȫĿɿڴǿһ˵ľ
ŷǱӴܣϰٸ׷ɱĿɿڴ
֮Уʲôʱôǿˣ̫ˡ
ܶ˶˵Ϊ˵ѳ֣ԸһȻǿߣڴѵǰʵͬһ㡣
Գ棬һĻ֮ҲֱӣûĶûΪŷͷ˼
Цǿϰѣһ˳֣Ϳɱοô࣬ȻܽҲûôɵ
κ͹죬ڱĴ֮УҲһĻ˶Ŀɿڴ
游˵ܹӵ𣿡쵣ǵʵ
֪ϰٸѣ֮ôǿߡЩƵ˵
Լ𾳽֮ȻѣҲˣٱԼǿûм֪Լʵеˣϰٸѣ
Լһǵӣεһ㶼ģİɣ㸸׽˴Ѿ磬û˿ɱˡ
ģŷһЩ
ǵģû˱Ҹ˽Сӣ֪ĪϧһκûᣬҵĻۻȻĻҲԳѾ硣ЩƵ˵
ϽοΣԺеǻᣬͲõġ
Ҳ֪һλѵãŷסôǿߵ⣬Щҩ¸޷ȥ׷ɱˡ
ԣһλѵã˼죬¾ûйŷἺΪ˵ˡ
׷ɱ˺ܳʱ䣬գ˶ͻˣЩ׵£Ҳû׽סŷ硣
գڹŷɱ֮ʧ
ϰٸѵѰңҹŷ磬ҲЩѡ
ûһջ˶ˣȻͬһǿߣ޷ҵǵĴڡ
ԣЩ޹ʧ֮С
ڱ˰ŷоһӦһЩ
ۿڣ϶˹ŷĲ²⡣
͹ŷ˽ĲҪ֪˽ǣ˰ǿߣҲڵĴս֮УȫˣʣµǿߣҲԲࡣ
ڣϰٸһʵе̫ˡ
һսҲǺ˽⣬Ҳ׽ͣΪ׾Ǳ˰ףҪΪڤףڵһĻΪŷ͡
ŷȻ˵ǵĵ˻Ǳ˰
λ棬ģڤ֮ƿضڤȴҹ֣ΪڤǿƣȻڵһս֮Уʧ˲٣ǻǲܹСƣֻû㹻ǿߣԲıۿЦ˵
֮꣬еս֮һɱˣʣµĴѸǲ࣬ЩɱЩˡ
ʵϣѾֻƿȲ˰δĽ١
ǳĻ򣬿϶ȫ˰ƿء
׵ʲôŷ̲סʵ
˵ˣȴһ㶼ţΪŷɳһ޷Ӧν֮֮ӣҲ֪ʲô
ˣƿأ׶ĳƺʵϣҲ֪ʲôֻ֪һϴڣµ˼㡣ۿЦ˵
޵ţԷ»ɱȴԷʲô֪˵һַء


2393 ۸
ŷĬһ֪ͷǿߣϴڣʲô䣬֮УǿǬ
罵٣ٴγ֮С
𶯣Ĵ֪ʱǲˣ̫ǿˣйŷһ˭ܵУ
˵е컯죬ϵŷĵ棬һѣֶĶ֡
һˣ˵һҲˡ
ʱĿ˵ˣ¶
Щ֪ͷϰ֮⣬ǿ
𶯣ŷ֣ӹͬʱ컯֮µĺۼ
ʹŷ컯ûκαʾܸоȴܳĬͲ֡
ܶҪ֤ǿ˶ʱף컯ϲŷˣȻĻ֡
ǺεǿƵһˣڹʱ֮󣬳Ϊѣ츳̫ˡ
һ֮󣬹ŷ뿪磬ûһƬ֮С
һΪٳģŷ֮󷨱޾ɱ֣ȫָŷ硣
ŷһֱͻƣЩɱ̤նУһ磬ᴩ޾գͷ
һԽ޾룬ŷһ֮ǰ
ŵ棬¶һĨЦݡ
þòŷһЦֻǵȴЩûšѾԿ϶ŷʵΪ۷ʱĵۺͻˣǶ֡
Ҫô˵
ҪһֻƬŷ絭˵
ֻƬһڵе۵Ҫһֻ֣ȫһ۲ָܹʵ
ʵȫûбҪҪõۻָλ֮еˣαظԼô鷳ΨҶǺܺ𣿡˵Ȱŷ硣
һŷвѾб뷨ϾĲǹŷĶ֡ǵҲָĻҪùˡ
û˵ΨҶǷǳһջڵȴŷĻش
۷ǿߣԼĽˣŷʲôܡ
ѡŷ絭˵
ֵܶзĿģοֻˡЦ˵
֣ǳмͲʲô塣
ۡ
һ̣һȭͷɳȥһѪ˳
ϻ̫ˣˣֻԼȻûʲôѡŷһм֮дűġ
治˵̾Ϣһӳһ
һƬֻƬŷֱٻֻսףǺһ
󣬹ŷվһߣٲ֡
ֻս׺һâʢȻޣ֮С
ŷ֮УǶһĶ֮ϵĶԼ֮䣬ƿ
ú¶ȻɫֻأֻأҲƿҪĶ
һ˴̤֮֮߳ϣ˻ΨҶ£ӹŽδתĵۣ֮е۷ʿ֮еĵ
һʱձã޾֣пٵصľ
һ޵е־ʵָ۷塣
򾪲ܶ˶ڵϣɪɪǸоѪҺ֮һȵ־˱
Ƶ򣬾˰ڤǿ߶УһЩ־ֱѣԽλҪ̽ʲô
ŷ͵ͬʱ֣Щ־Ǳ顣
ۣȻšһ̾һɱ⡣
ǿߣȵ۵Ĵڣ֮йȻӢűһʱ䣬һɱ㡣ڤǿߣ˵Ļɱʮ㡣
ŷЦһ⣬λĸϣڤһܵ¡
Ǹɽ޾²Ǵʱȴٵˡ
һƬڤǿߣȫŭһ𣬴ǳ⡣
һɱ٣Ǳ飬ųɵ˱ɱŷһ㶼쳣
ǵ־գһΰ˼ӰվһŭħƸɢɱ⣬ҪԽλ
һɱ٣ֱǸǿߵơ
ҵ򡣡Ц˵ֱӴڤ֮С
Ķֹסˣ󷢳һŭ𣬾Ȼ˻
ɱ𣿷İɣ֮һǰڤ򣬵ʱڤ򲻸һһѪϴڤ򡣡ŷ˵Ůڤ֮ء
֪ŷΪʲôҪôԷץĶŮŮӦûڤ֮ء
һǧʱ䣬˭Ҳ֪ʲô顣
ڤĽŷŮôˣ˿ɣŷڤ֤ܲ˹ŷô飬۶ڹŷʵһ㻳ɶûС
Ǳˣ϶ǹŷһܹ漣ˡ


2394 
ŷ˵Ļ
û˻ỳɣһôʱ֮ǿߣһȵۺͻʵ콾
Ǭ۲Ϣ𶯹Žδܱȡ
޵еģɨ޶֣ʵǿҲܳԽŷ硣
Ҳֻб˰Ǹףвŷ磬һδ֪Ĵڡ
Щʧ䣬̾Ϣ֪ԼԶܴﵽ־硣޹غ츳ˣҲһ
޷־磬һʵ
ۺ͹ŷ磬δһۣһ̤뿪
𶯣ۻع飬ܶǿ֣֮߳УǰĤݡ
Щ֮УҲһЩ׼𣬴ʦŵĴ֮У֪˵۵Ĵڣ֪ʲôӵǿߡ
Ҳдѣ£ǰȻҲĤݡ
۹ɣٹ⣬ֱ˿ɱȡ۵֮УħĤгƺۡ
ŷվһߣԵЩˡ
þݵкܲζǿԼľۣԲȵ۲ӦͬĴ
ЩޣǼŷƽû˵ʲô
סһ𣬵ӳֱ֣ӹڵ۵ǰ
Ѿ˴Ѿ磬ʵǿĲ˼飬ڵǸΡ
һ㣬ŷ絹һ㶼⣬ǿӣѪ츳˵˫˴Ѿ磬޾µĻۣȫȻԽһǿľ硣
ŷ֮£ԵѷɫԶԶ硣
ֻҲˣͬ۲ΰݣȻŷ߹
û뵽ٴμ棬ʵѾԽˡֻ̾һνŹŷͻƣҲͬѾ硣
ȻٵĶ̤磬Ҳûб׵Щ»ɱ
ҲˣòࡣŷЦ˵ûʲôӣֻǷǳкøеġ
һ㣬ڲϾ졣ֻЦ˵
ŷû˵˵˵Ļеҫˡ
ȻԷָоֻ΢΢һЦ
⻹ǽһͻƳΪѵ˲кüǿߡ
ҲˣǼۣȻͬлŷ硣
λӦҲЩͷɣŷˣ¶һ˿ζЦݡ
ʹĵͷ˹ŷĻ
ҵȹϣ۲ҪƽϣлһνЩ˵ϹЦݣֱӳԼĴͬʱԹŷʾл
ʵϣǵĶԹŷ绹ǱȽ˽ġ֪ΪˣֻҪǸŷӦòǼƽˡ
Ȼŷҡͷ˰ɣҲǰңЩĵͲˣϣԺܹΪѡ
ŷĻһۣԷеϲ͹ŷΪѣȻҪġ
Ͼŷʵ˲ǻǷǳģܹоŷʵ۷ʱĵۡ
ңŷڸոս磬˭Ҳ֪Ժܹﵽʲô磬󣬳Խۻǣǰ϶ӵˡ
͹ŷùϵֻкôκλ
һǰ컯ɫЩÿǻ
컯֣ܶɫŹ֣컯͹ŷ֮ĹϵԳֻ֣ܣһǺ͹ŷսڶǺ͹ŷǸ
컯ӣǸĿܻǸһ㡣
ûȥۣΪ໥֮䣬ûʲô컯ʵ̫µۣߵĻǵҲ
ֻǣ컯ӵĹŷ磬һֱڹעŷĳɳʲôӵˡ
һȵۻʶҪļһźܴĳɳռ䣬ʵԲǹŷľͷ
ŷ綢컯죬ɫƽûκη߿Ų
ŷ硣컯캰һЩɬ
ŷ翴һۣ̾Ϣһ˵˰ɣǰһжȥˣҪˡ
컯Ȼû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵Ļ
Ϊŷ缴ʹ֣ҲԻ䳰ȷ
Ҳ㣬ȻĻѾˣ˿֮˽˶Թǲʲôˣ컯죬ֻϣԺܹһ֮ǰ뷨ȡĵƿʵʧȥһŽȡģʵôܽŷ練컯졣
컯𺳣ûпǹ⣬ȴ˶ȡ˱˵·
ֻǣŷĻ֮ͻȻʶԼҲˡ
ǿ߾ҪһŽȥģȻĻ츳ٺãҲнģۺͻΪʲô޵УΪȻǿߣҲûзĥԼʵŷ˵
Ļúܶ˳˼Ҳһ˼ͻȻãԼǰһЩ뷨Ĵס٣ŷȫĥ


2395 
컯쵭һЦ˵·ǶԵģҵ·ȴδǴġ
ùŷ˵ĶԣԼĿ
ŷһ£˵ͷû˵ʲô
۴֮Źŷ磬ȻԼ֡
ŷ翴һֱۣ˵ҲҪҡ
۶һȻе㲻֪˵ЩʲôˡͲ˼Ҫŷ磬֮ϣĻ͵ڸˣŷ粢ԼĻһռȵĸо
ѾЩ˵ĲһɵӣȥĻ¹ŷҲЩ
ȥɣҼȻѡ񣬾Ϳ϶ģǵۣȻҪĤݡŷɫһЦ˵
Ϊʲôʵˡ̲ס̾Ϣһ
ŷ絭һЦû˵
ߵһںʲôΨʵվһеĶ
⣬ֻҪܹػԼߵˣһûУʲô
ǹŷ̬ܹ
Ҳ̬˹ŷһˡ۶е̲סޡ
ݾ˺ܳʱ䣬ڼ䣬ţӦýˣǻô£ͻƣʵ൱ˡ
۶̲סݣ𣬺̸ۣ໥ƺѡ
컯ŵɫ֮¶һĨʧ䣬ҪܵˣھȻѾԽˡ
õǰⱾ˵һЩ
ǷǳĴݣЩѲһûʲôѹ
ʱһ˱ס˵˲Ǳˣ
Сӣ㾹ȻôҲңߣҺȾơʵڸ޵о磬δ쾳ȴ󷽷ֱڵԴһ£һޡ
Цֻܹ뿪˷ǳ
ܳʱ䣬ĳڽŷҲҪ뿪ˡ
Ҫڤ򣿡̲סüͷ֪ŷ϶Ҫȥڤģȴû뵽Ȼô졣
Ůʧڤ֮УѾһǧˣҿ϶ҪһڤŮ£ڤݲŷ絭˵˵Ļ
ķˣѾͷڤ֮г£Ի顣
ŷдƣҲһħޣ֣ٵһ磬һԥûУοڡ
̾Ϣһ֪Լ޷ıŷ뷨
һ£˵ȥһطмҪ
ŷ翴˵һۣоһ˵ʣ
һ¶𺳵ɫŹŷ磬̲סʵô֪
ȷʵҪ飬ֻ׹ŷΪʲôԲ²⵽
Ҫ֪ûн˵ҹŷҲӦûнӴһŶԡ
ֻش֮мһǿߣ˵ԼǱʹѺģһ£ϵϢͻʺҲµĲĻԼʵǻʡŷ˵ԼĲ²⡣
̲ס¶̾ɫΪŷ˵Ĳȷʵǻʡ
һıԼĻʣӦ˵ǻʵһ֣Ļأŷо˸
һ˵򡣡
ۿЦһⶼŷ²⵽ˡ
Ϊһ֪ǿߴģʵڵĴߣǻʣֻǣһֻм֪
۾֮һһڻʳ֮м˻ʵһ֪һЩ
ǸסˣǻʵԪ񣬶ǻʵ塣ۿ˵߹ŷϢ
ŷʱ¶ȻɫֲأԽǿߵʵѹ׼𾳽磬һϴ죬Ҳֻлʵ壬̺ſµķܹѹһǿߡ
ֻҪʵʵˣ޷һ㡣
ʹͬʵҲһܵһѹƣǿ϶ᱻѹƵ׼𾳽磬ֻʵһ㡣
˵ʵֿԽʸʱȻ˰׳ˣҲеֿо˸
ͻ֮⣬ǻһ𣿡ŷͻȻ뵽һ顣
ŷĻ۶ʱˣû뵽ŷǸ˶֪
ǸûǲҪֵĺáҡҡͷֱ˵
һˣһ֣Ϊѵġҡͷ˵ΪǸ˵־
֣ŷЩ
֪ǸʱҲ־Ǵһ˵ԡۺͻֵ·ϵͬȾǿߣҲ򵥣ߵһ·
ҲǸһûܹסпܵĻҵϣתͶ˰һ̲ס˵


2396 Ķ
ŷôһˣȵۺͻʣȴһϣתͶ˰һ
Щ޷⣬ţͲ֪Ϊʲô
Ͼǿ߾սһ˵ֵùܶѡ
ңΪתǸ˾ǻ𣿡ŷ̲סʵ
һ˵ŮӣȻһ֣ʵе㲻䡣
۵ͷɫ֮¶һĨЦǻ֮Դߵһ·Ӱ쵽ߵˣҺͻʶˣӦýԼ˰ɣںǸоһϢ
ȷʵ˵ԼҪŷͷ
۵ɫŤˣ̲סͷ
ŷ緢㶣⻹е㲻ͬѰ˶Ҫͷе㲻˼顣
㲻֪ߣк£ǻ֮Դ̫һֻѻߵҪ£Ǻһȣ̫Զˣӱġͷ۵˵
пܵĻϣһԶ֡
ɣҺͻ֮ԱɱпܾǺйϵߵ̫ˣ˵񲻹ӲסĻЩƵ˵
ŷĿɿڴۺͻʶԼӲŷĲ֪ϵʲô˿Կסˡ
Ҳһ˵˿Կס㹻ӲĻϣԴﵽһ磬㵹ǿԳһ¡ۿ˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ŷһڿˮЩĶԼ촽˵⻹һĽ顣
ȻĶˡ
ΪǸ׵ĴڣùŷһֽȸУֻевܹ
ŷĻ̲סɴ۾Ͻ˵Ҫ嶯ֻ˵˵ѣ棬ֻĲ˭Կסġ
棬Ȱŷ硣
û£ҴСӲŷһЦ˵ˡ
Щ֪ŷ¶ˣЩͷۡ
ɲһλԳԽͻʵˣˡ
뿪磬ֻش֮УĻָֻش֮ǰ̫ˡ
ŷ̾ϢˣҪΪԭֻشҲѡ
͵۽֮ǣŷӦڵĵط
¶һĨЦݣ뵽Ϊ͵ʱǸʱȻϺܳȣǻǱ𾪹ǺʱѾڶԷȫʢʱˡ
ʹָ˾ݻʵݣŷʵҲȶԷ
ңս磬кܴĳɳռ䡣Ҳ˵ŷ糬Խʺ͵ۣʵһֱȻ
ƿӡֱ˽ȥ
Ӧ˳ڷӡ֮Уһ£ˣ֮г˲š
һôôǿˣŹŷ磬о˹ŷǿµƣ̫ǿˣԽܶࡣ
ֿµϢЩ̲ס𺳡
㲻˵ҷˡŷЦ˵һ٩
ЩûָŷĻԼϾܼᶨȴû뵽ŷ羹Ȼˡ
ңʵ൱ǿ
ĿۣЩԾ̲ס˭ôܹôǿ󣿡
ȻܳԾΪ۵һϣ֮еĻһһڻʵĶ֡
ǣ֪Ψһģ޵λ棬ǿ˾˵ĵز
ѵǽڲųֵĸǿߣа뵽ֻڵ۵ϸӦһʣڵĵۡ
ĵĻɧĸԺܷϡһ˵
¶ɫ֪ʲô˼
ǳǿߣʲô˿Ըļ䣿Ǹǲܵ顣
Ļʲô˼̲סʵ
м¶һָоǰ˵ĻһֺܹŹֵĸо
˼ǻʣǸıԼļ䣬ԼԼһˡŷ翪ڣΪ۽͡
¶Ծɫ˵ǿһ
Ƿ˰ɣҳԼܾηʵǿҲǳԼȴһһǺģǻʽҷӡģôǻʡڼϡ
ŷ͵ҡͷ˵ûõġ
ŷ̽һֱֻ֣ץס񣬽ѹ
սûκã뿪Ȼٴγ֣Ѿĸˡ
ת𣿡ŷѯʡ
ãʵ֮У˺е飬ֻӴ֮ҲѹǿߵˣһͨĴ򡣡ۿ˵ֱӶ֣ʼ߶
𶯣޾龪ɽ棬һĿһǿһ֮⡣


2397 ʸ
һ֣֮⣬ŷ͵۵ʱһ
֪ǿߣȻ֪Ķܾûٹעǵ۵ݣġ
ҹŷһǰսһʵ׶ǿû˵
֣ʹвҲ˵
þòŷ֣Ц˵
һ֣Ȼһɫ˵λʲô˼
ûҲ׼֣ǹŷǲһĽĻ϶Ҫˡ
ݻʣ򲻻̫Ӱ졣ۿһۣ˵
˻һһɫ΢΢һ䡣
ݻʣһ͵һĴڣֻ;ݻ֮ʲôϵ
Щ⣬ѯʡ
ѹһʵΪʵ˽ȥѾҵ˻ʵԪֻҪʵͿԽʸ۳˵
Ϊﵽ磬ԪͬҪ
һʿֻԪ񣬶ǲУ֮źĻûʵ
ʵôܺںһ𣿡һһĲš
һһۣ۵˵Ϊǻʵģʵϻʾǵĸ񡣡
ʲôסˣأܶھԶĴѶ֪򵽵βġ
û뵽Ȼӵõ
ǻʴʴ򣬵ǵĸ
һЩԽܣҲЩȻҲ̽ѰͨһôѹһΪ
ڣһˡǺεȴڣɨŽ޶ֻ֡вļˣûκ˿ѹ
ˣ޵ߣֻΰ
뵽ٴʵ˺𣿡
Բᡣŷشն
һŷӦֱվһߣ˵
ŷ֣鶼ھڵϣΪһ궼Ĳľ
һ建֣ա
񡣡һ˵¶ɫһ壬˹ŷǵĻ
һ壬ʵÿһëǳƣŽǬûκζȴҪѹŽδһ
ȻҪߵףĤݡ
֮еվ۷Ļʣ£ӹŽδ
ʱֻйŷ͵ۻƽŻʵ壬ûκθо
ˣȫڵϣһڣʵĤݣ޷Լеһɳ嶯
ڹŷУЩˣһ壬ĳһģһ
ŷֱ֣ӽһ֮С
һɸӿµĲ˳Ѫ֮վӰ˷£ΨҶ
ʣ˵˼㣬޷ݡ
ЩãȻֱܻڣѹһС
Ӧֳδֱӳˡ
ǻлʣۣ֮񣬲κβԼ˴ڡֱܣʹ֣ɱŷˡ
ŷ͵۶һۣ֪ʻûѹֱӹһսȻͬʱ֡
һսȴһûС
ǵۣǹŷ磬ڵĻʡ
ֱ֣ӽѹ·һ㶼飬ʣıףۻô⣬޷˵ѹơ
ˡ
ڣʳѹ֪Լ״̬Ӷˣһŷˡ
ˣѯһ
𣿡ǹŷĻ
ݻɫѿˣŭǻ쵰ɸҺҵһս
ŷϡۺԥ
ŷǰݻʹ˹ָͷ
ݻʴŭֱŷ֣һһֿµͨ
ŷ糤ХͬʩչͨںһȻɱȥ
䡣
ײȻˣȫ飬һжˡ
Ǽսһ𡣹ŷɢĹ⣬սԷ
һµսǿ棬ǺһսȻһЩ򶼻ᱻϣ棬ûеô򵥣һԻٵʮ硣
ŷԽսԽ£ּǿߣһζϣȴ˿壬ʩչµ֮ͨԾ
ݻʳХҪѹŷ硣޵еģǿߣ˵ۺͻ֮⣬֮˿ɱȡ
ǣȴ֣ʱƣȻ·硣
ŷ̫ǿˣɢĹ⣬ɢһ޵еȻĽѹˡ
ôܣһ𺳡


2398 ڤ
һ͵Щ𾪣ǿʣȻǹŷĶ֣ȻҪѹˡ
һĻסˡ
ʲôˣŽΪǿĴڣ޵еģ۷ϰɨһеС
˭ܹû·磿һսû˿ȻǵҲܣʵಮ١
Ǵʱŷȴˣѹ·磬ɻʳȻҲ޷ŷѹơ
ԽԽǿսĳѹ˻ʡ
һĻסڳˣǺȻһŵĶŹŷ硣
գʰˣŷѹ
ȴͣ˸ž˵Ĺ⣬һϢȻںϽ֮С
ʵϢǿʢȸղŶҪ¡
۾֯һγһµĳȻˣ޷ӽ϶Ҫը顣
ã﷨ʧ֣£վھ֮ϣһף
ŷһ֪Ļָˡ
ղŻȻ˸ʵվûȫںϣԪʱ̫ãҪںһ𣬲ףŷͻһսڰںϡ
ȻˣҲ˵ûаܡΪղŲ۷ΪȻֻһ㣬ȴսżӰ졣
ʱĻʣӵ۷սûбղսĽӰ죬һɢ޵еš
ڻˡ̾ϢһŻʣ¶һĨЦݡ
ᴩǧ磬֮ǻһսپԶĿǣ˹֮аƵ̻̻ɢҪĤݡ
۷Ļʣǿ˾ߡ
֮жһԱһսаաۿ˹ŷһۣ¶һĨЦݡ
ŷ磬¶ɫ֮ҵѪҾһΪԺͽϣ㲻ҪҪԼʵﵽǰδе۷壬ǵĵ˺ܿ£ȻǶϣҲûһա
ɫŹ֣ٺЦͲҪˣ󱲺죬Ҫͻϣ̤һһδ֪ľ硣
ʲôʶ̲סһ
ͻϣΪΪǿˣ⣬Ҳֻѣϵķ򣬾Ƕס˹䣬δûкͻ̫ڽӽ⡣
ǣҲܹסӰ죬ϣĵڻһ𣬾Կ̤һߵľ硣
ֻǣû˸ҳԣ˼оľ
ڹŷ羹Ȼ뷨ݻŷ֮жһ˿
ǸĺôûиоֻǾһŮǣܹӵŮˣȻһ¡ŷЦ˵һɡ
ԸԼĿԳԣа֣Ȼһ㶼ġ
֪ˣҸоˣ֮󣬻Ҫع飬ʱ˽ܸ㡣Це˵ôеǴǣùŷһֲõԤС
ƽʱ˵˵ĻδԺҪô
ˣ˵ôˣҼȻع飬һЩҪʼתˡЦ˵һ⡣
Ҳͷ˹ŷһۣ˵ȥŮɡ
ŷûж룬Ȼף˿϶ʲôûиҲǺ⡣
һӦڤλãֱ˺һͨ˹ȥ
Ҫȥʲôüͷ
ڤﲻһƵأȻǿߣҲǽȥ׳ѡ
ŷŮڤҪˣģʵ⣬ǾʱҪˡʽ͡
ʵ˵ͷ͵һʧ
һ̧ͷ֪ҪˣңҲ⡣
룬һ
ڤһͬλ棬ĵ򡣵ŷеʱӦ˾쵽Լĵ
ǣϣһƬ嫵ķΧ֮ڣûǿߣҲû˾쵽ĵ
֮Խ޾ľ룬ȴֲһ̡
ߵĹޣʶչأͬڱ˰ݺᣬȴ֮
Ҳ˵
̫տˣŷ綼̲ס̾ӦһǳءŷϢһǸǳء
ǳزΰ˼һźܶ飬֮Уȴͬһ㣬ɵ
ŷǰһǿԵЩ̫ˡ
ŷתͨһǿ˲ûʲô
ɳŷ֮£ɫηŷ
ŷܹоЩϣûΪͬһ㡣
Ҳ磬ͬеһʿ


2399 ЦЦ
ŷ翴Ǹһۣ˵ͷ˵ȥ
ŷȴһЩԺ֮ɨһЩ
ܿ죬֪һЩʶڹŷ˵ⲢҪΪҪǣҵԼŮ䡣
Ȼһǿ߿УΪӣλ֮У޳˾ǿߡ
һǰЦЦﵽ磬Ϊڤһ֮еĵһˡ
ڤ룬ڤǣΪеĴͳ죬һ
ڤ˵൱˼ģҪ֪ЦЦɲλˣ飬ȻΪڤǵĴͳ졣
Ҳ˲ȴ˵һΪЦЦľޣڶΪЦЦʦ
һµϼһڼģ˭Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ֻ֪ҲڤڵʱѾˡ
ϼһﵽʲôʵû˵
ǣڤ֮еļλǿߣҲޱȹͼɵ
оͰҪڵ۸ʱֵڤǿߣͬηǸϼһ
ŷɫ΢΢ЩأǸڵжǿ󡣵ǿ֪ԷԵĿ£ʵڵۺͻʡ
ֻǣЦЦùŷЩ⡣
ڤǵˣӦ໥֮ײŶԣôùЦЦĵӣʵе̫˼ˡ
ŷоһʧǸ˵ǰ
ڤǣŷ罵
ûн룬ڤǺܿ£һɵľһ㣬ëȻġ
ŷɫأվһۣӡ
ڤǳţбʿǿŷ֮󣬶ʱ¶ɫ
վסǴ󺰣ǳŷ硣
ŷ翴һۣû˵ֱڡ
ڤɲ⣬ߵŷһʲôµģԽЩףֱӽС
Щ׳֣ȫʩչµֶΣһ֣ͨضϹŷǰ·
ʵϣЩǸ֣ڰ벽Ѿ磬ֻǱףɴ˿ɼڤǵĿ¡
ŷУܵ˲پѻ
ֻǣ˵Щǿſһ⻷סеĹ
򷨲֣ڤǡ
֮һеķȫͷų֮նɱŷ硣
ǣȴƽȻһһ߳ȥִݣ׷ıȫ𺳡
ڤǣȻҲ˴ݡ
ˣȴûиܵһ谭ǵĹֱӽУһһӽڤǵ
ɫˣȫʩչķȴ޷ֹŷ硣
ʲôˣǺȻĶӣȫš
ʵ̫ǿˣңδڤ֮У̫ھˡ
¶ǵɫڤǶҪһսĵ֣ʹǸڳ֣Ҳ¡
վס
ڴʱһ𣬴һɱ⡣
ŷȥһ续һŮһɫĳȹ߹֮дţһλߵϢ𾳽磬ǿ
ЦЦŷ纰һǹЦЦŮ󣬸Ůټ
ŷϣЦЦʶüͷЦһ󱲣ֱҵ֣
ܽɱʮ㣬֮ǰĹЦЦȫһң֮пȫʶŷ磬û֮ǰֿɰЩײС
ŷЦãû⶯ֱ֣˵˵˵ʲôѵ㲻ǵˣĸס
ЩԼŮȻʶԼ󱲣ŷʵе㲻֪˵Щʲôˡ
ĻЦЦû˿Ȼɫеɱˡ
ؽ޸ĸ㾹Ȼ˵ҵĸףֱЦҾɱ㣬С˾ȻƭҡЦЦЦɱ졣
ŷʱʶ˲ԣ˵ʱԶԼŮԼ⻹˵ĹȥǹЦЦȴ˵ԼؽЩˡ
üͷŹЦЦĿ档
Ĳʶˣĸ׾۹ŷ磬ĸԯ졣ŷҪùЦЦһЩ
ʵϣЦЦһ㶼ҡЦһƭңҾնɱС֮
ֱӳ˳ȥСȭͷˣпµɱ
ŷƲ죬ûжֻ֣վﲻһ⣬ʱ򣬹ЦЦԼ޷ˡ
ȻĲš
ãǹŷǴѣҲһս֮ȴû뵽ԼͲǹŷĶ֣ճ֣ͱˡ
ʵȻʦҲˣܱǿġ


2400 ڤ
ʵλ֮еǿߣֲ̫ˡ
˸ıļ䡣ŷüͷӦ˲ԣǿиı˹ЦЦļ䡣
СʱΪʹЦЦʵ˺ʩչһ׶ΣҲָܻ
ԣŻ𾳽磬ûлָ
ŷףΪʲôǸǿߣԸչЦЦΪˣһԭͲΪһǿߣΪڤһǿս
չЦЦ츳Ѿ磬ﵽߵĲΣǾǰ϶ӵ顣
˵˵Ϊôܹıҵļ䡣ЦЦЦм
ͨǰһۿǬе࣬Ǳı˼䣬磬ҲӦûָˡ
ŷ΢΢ҡͷָıḷ́ǹЦЦʵزȻûлָ
ȸɵǸϹȻٻָļ䡣ŷ̾ϢЦЦץ˹ȥ
ʱһߴһݹ᾵ִ˳ҪƤˣ˹ŷǰ档
ͬʱһǿЦЦĽ⿪˻
ŷֺֻײﱬµĲڤǶ𶯣˸סڤǡ
ŷƽŶԷ
һߣߴһչһֻ̽ס˹ŷ֡
ŷ綢ߣɫƽȴһɱ⡣
ıŮļ䣿ŷʵĿ֮
ҽ飬ôŮǿߣҪ˵˵ɭȻĶŹŷ磬ڤǶ𶯡
ʱ޾ɱ֣ŷС
ǿߣ֪ǿҲһս뿪߼˵Ȼ֡
ùЦЦ̲סȣԼʦһֱǿƣʲôʱȻǿߣƣпܵѵҲᱻնɱ
ڣȴֹ꣬Щ˼顣
ֻһֿܣǰԳƾ۵ǿߣԼʦûаա
뵽ЦЦ𺳡
һָоԷǿߣλװԼĸףȷ²Ŷԡ
ֻǣʦӦòƭŶԡ
ҷԼŮÿ𣿡ŷĮ˵ߣ֮дһĨ
˵Ѿ˵ˣŮ
ʵϣҲЩŭԼĵӾȻһףû뵽ġ߱ãֻҪԼı˹ЦЦļ䣬Ͳ⡣
ĹЦЦ˻ҹչҲڵһʱɱ
ֻǣŷȴĴ©
̫ǿˣʵߡ
ǺǣȻҾɱڤһ췭ظʱӦû˵ʵˡŷĮȻ˵
ߵһôܷԼŮ
ŷ֣ɱ
ֻһȭѣɱ飬˳ŷûйǸߣһŲȥ
ʱڤǶ𶯣Ҫһ
ŷЦڤ֮Уըɢ
ڤĹޣһεĻǾɢˡ
оڤǵ߾ŭĿɭȻŹŷ磬ɱ졣
ǿߣˡŭ
ɭȻĶŹŷ磬ΰ֮У˵ɱ⡣
Ҫɱ㣬ڤ֮У֪ڤϣԴġ䣬ŷ߹ȥ
ڤִ˼ܾˡڤеǿߡ
ŷЦٴβȳһţڤǳƣһ㱻ȱƬɱȻǿҲܵסŷ˵Ĺһ塣
鱻ŷɱŷȳţǳ֮еһǿ׼Ҫ͵סŷϡ
ڤɱָ˸ž˵Ĺ⣬ͬһ쵶ֱն䣬Ҫŷ
ĳڤŭˣɱ⾪ˣҪնɱŷ硣
ŷЦɵ֣ͬͬƽһ㣬ڤײ
һµĲڤǶڽ壬˵һ֮гɢ
ǿߣּս֮У¡
ĿɭȻ˫ɱ졣
ʱڤ˾˵ı仯ٸɱ񣬻һʮ꣬ΰڷ٣Źŷ磬Ѫš
ȻչԼǿ״̬Լ۷塣
ŷЦߴŹŷ磬ƿأ˵ɱڤ
ײµȻҪ
Ǵǿߣλˮƽ
ǼսƬĿռᴩ˹Ž񣬴һʱ䳤ӡ
޾壬ֱӷʱգ޾֮伤սȫԼµս


2401 ָ
һսڤ
ܶ˺Ȼ򣬲֪ʲô顣
ԣڤں˼սǿվɫ֮͸һɾȺأȻ˿Ժڤһս
Ϣڣˣֱӷ޾գһ
ŷںڤսͻȻоһëȻĸо
ԥŷ֣һطһȭ
Ǹطһѳǹµɱ
ŷȭͷúͳǹײһ֮˵Ĺ⣬ŷ֪ǿ֣߳ս֮С
Ȼǿߣڤĸ֡

ŷ纰һ˵֣ĿȻ
Ȼ֣¶ɱ⣬һιŷ֣Ѿŷ統ĵˡ
ڹŷ羹Ȼһ˳ڤ֮УڤսôõĻᣬȻ
ǿߣսŷһ
ȻԹŷʵҲܵס
ս磬սԺڤкȴսĹˡ
ŷüͷһ壬һ壬֣ͬӵкһս
ʲôڤ̲סһ
˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹ȻֶΣʵԼ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
Զ£ǲǹŷĶ֡
һ壬ԣôϤЦЦüͷŷڤкսоȻһֵĵĸо
ԹЦЦ˵е㲻˼顣
֮иûйŷˣҽƭӣôܻᵣء
üͷȻ֮⾹ȻԼһˡ
һĻʱڤһ֪ˡ
ɱ
ڤһ
Լס޷ȴںǿߡ
һѺɫħն˳һѣЦЦ֡
ЦЦ˶Էһۣһͬʱ֣ӲǸѡ
ɫЩʹ࣬ڤʹ˵ʦΪʲôҪɱң
Щף֪Լʦʲô˼⻹һ۰ԼʦȫһİޱȣȻɱ
Բ𡣡ڤ˵ȴûκεɫ
νĶԲ˵ĺĮȻûһΡ
ҪɱŮŷŭˣɱ죬ֳһǸѡ
ǸѺǿ󣬲ڵǸǿߣǣֻǺ͹ŷײΣͱɱ
ڤ𶯣һˣǾ˵ģһλ˵һ޷ܵʧ
ڤŭ
ʱӰ֣һһͷɫһͷɫͻȫŹŷ磬ɢ˵ɱ⡣
ͻ棬ڤ֮УԺڤǿߡ
ǱģͶڤڤİ֮£Ϊǿߡ
ǳ֣ʱŤתڤǵơ
ŷЦη壬ģһ㶼¡
սĴǿߣÿһ˲ڻӻķǹŷ֮УߣͲġ
ҪɱңҲҪӦеĴۣڤҲڤǿߡŷЦˣֶ˼㡣
ֻظֻ֣Իһѹȥ
ͬʱŷٳ֣ʥӡͨӵĿˡ
һ˼սĴǿߣеֶȫʩչǶԾɱ
ʱ򣬹ЦЦȴڷ㶣ɫʹ࣬Ժ֮ЩˣЩֳ
ļ䣬ǿģȻǴѵڤӵ޷ı䡣
֪ǹЦЦЦЦ̾ϢȳһѪԼݡ
ǹЦЦ۵Ůץڤ֮ġ
ǸڼսˣǱˣĸ׹ŷ硣
ŷЦʲôˣҽѾһǰ޹˵ĵزЦЦ˵Ǿ仰ʱѾ֪ЦЦѾûˣָ˼䡣
ףЩǸͷʵ̫ˡЦЦСȭͷ¶߷߲ƽɫȻָڤ˵
ڤǺݺݵĳ鴤ףЦЦѾָˡ
û뵽Ϊ߹ŷ磬ͲʲôˣڿͲǻ¡
ЦЦǰļ䣬˹ƺڤΪͷڤһ̾סˡ
ڤһס֣Ȼޣǻˡ
ڤ֮УڤǾԵףǣҲսڤȨȻҲԼʵʵѾڤˡ
ǣڤڤд󹦼ҶҲָǺܶ࣬ǰʦ
ǿס֣ŷһӰЦЦм䣬ĶĴǿߣɫȻ
߰ɣڤͻڤ𵭵˵ȻҪŷ뿪


2402 
ЦЦָϹŷı֣ѾûսȥıҪˡ
Ȼģڤǽһʵ
ŷ绤סЦЦһЦֱ˺λϣŹЦЦ뿪
Źŷ뿪ķɫ֮Щġ
ڤΪҪߣ˽һв̲סʵ
ŷŸոս磬Ժǹŷʵ˸ǿľ磬жǿ
ãǶ벻ǹŷĶ֡
ģڤ𵭵˵
ڤĻ֪ڤʲô˼
츳һ죬ᴥһɵ̤Ǹˣûһ˿ԻڤԶ뵽һЩʲô顣
ǲףڤһʵȴûڤŵ³֪ĶҲڤࡣ
Ȼ˵ǿߣԶϤһУûʲôסǵģǣһЩĶҲ޷漰ġ
ɣʲô̲סʵ
˺һۣڤЦˣ˵ʱ֪Խ٣ԽҸֻҪ֪νĽɣҶ޷һˡ
޷㣬ֻúǲ
Ϊǿߣڤ𣬵ǴʱȴǱˡ
˺ЩˬҪ˵Щʲôڤɫȫ˵ˡ
ЦЦع֮󣬴Ҷǳ
ԯ죬һǿƵŮˣûʲôľ̫Ĳһ̣԰ѳסԼľŹЦЦ˳
ǹЦЦοԼĸףҲܼһʱ䣬ʵ̫Զˣֱе㲻롣
ҺùŷѰҵ֮ǰ飬ȻĻҪڤ磬Ҳһ죬Գ֣ս
ʲôޣҵҪллڤǸ϶ǵŮ𾳽磬ʵսˡŷЦ˵ɫ֮Щ
ŮȡõĳɾͣȡֳɾͣҪϲء
⵹ǣӦϲ¡ԯѵõᣬܿͽԼ۲ɣЦ˵
ԼŮعˣ˳ĸ׵Ķûʵʲô˵ġ
ЦЦһֱЦһԼĸ׺˵Լ겻ѡ
˭Ҳû뵽ЦЦﾹȻɾһڤǿ߿ϣΪ˵ӡ
ڤǵһʲôӵλ档̲סʵɫ֮Щ档
ʵ׼ˣǿĲ˼飬ʱڤ򣬺һ
˵Ѿʲôˣһλ棬
չһˣһȥǣﲢû֮ǰļ䣬һ֮УʼһЦЦ͡
ùŷ羪ȣνĹЩһֱӱɹǿʼһ
Ͷʮһ͵ĵĳЩѧһһһЩƵĵط
ڤ֮У֮άֻȻ˵ЩŤ׾ˡЦЦ˵
ҲȷʵЩŤȻ飬˵άȻе㲻ʡ
ڤк嫵Ľڤ˵ȻҲûߵͷһЩǿ壬пµǿߣǰ·ϣ޷ԽЦЦ˹ŷһۣ˵
鱨Ҫ˵磬ûеô򵥣ֱȹŷĻҪࡣ
ŷһж̽߼ʣȻ嫣ǲģȻ÷٣øӹҪ˵ǿߣ޷̽Ѱ߼ʣǾ̫ˡ
Լڤ˵֮ǰλ棬ڤΪĵģڤ嫣ȴһս֮лٵˣǣʲôɣ˵ֻ˵Ҵ֮һڤһƬĵطˣһЩطǿƿţ׶̤㣬Ϊܻᣬ֮ս
Щһ˵˶𺳣ŷ綼һ
ΪԼλ棬Ѿ㹻˽ˣڲ֪֪Ļ̫٣Ͳࡣ
λ棬кܶණ֪ġ
˰ʲôӵһڣ˭ڤ򵽵жΪλģѵνλ棬ֻλ
һеһУŷ綼
еۺͻʣǵ׼ʲôŷǵϣӦһıϢ
о˸Ȼû˵ǹŷȴһеһУԼеô򵥡
ʣǵʲô뷨Ϊ˶Ըܿ϶ȴЩãˡ
һսνĶ˭ŷ嵽һսȴûнӴ㹻ĲΣֻǺһЩආս֪ࡣ


2403 һλ
ʱûڵʵĻҲҲĿԲƼա
٣ߵһкܶණֻҪȥѰңͿҳ
ѰҵʣȴֲǵϢ
ôˣ˿ŷɫ΢䣬ʵ
û¡ŷҡͷ
־ǿߣǲ뱻˷֣ǿҲҵ
ʵ൱࣬ڴѾߵĸԶĳЩȹŷǿ
ûˡһص磬һͳΪˡ
ѹƣûͻƣǱսȴǿ
ڹΣԼһʱ䣬ߵ㹻Զʵɲ⡣
ŷ綢Լĸף̲ס¶һĨݡ
Լףǲˣߵһµĵزڻѹ֣һᾪ˵˼㡣
磬ڿɲҵĶˡЦЦСȭͷЦ˵
ӣЩƣԼڻ治õĶ֣ȻջѾоˣѾͷʵ𾳽磬Խһ󾳽硣
츳棬ЦЦԲԼһ֣ȻﵽʵȻսҪԽԼֳһء
ЦЦ˹ȻڹЦЦԴһ¡
ЦЦһԴݺݵĶŹΣû˵ȻҴңҲѵ㡣
ûмΣͲ֪Լ游
Ļ˶ĿɿڴǹŹֵĶŹŷ磬ѾͷȻһеаԣԼĳеôء
ڣٴڹЦЦԴһ¡
ЦЦߣֱʩչͨһսȻҪ͹ηһ¡
ŷЩֱӡ
ԯ죬һЦݣ˵ȻҵŮһеı뺷
Ȼŷ磬Ƕսʥ壬ôǵУѾ̤ʼ漶磬ǰһԳΪһ׼
ߵһģһ콾֮е콾˵ûʲô
սˣȴĺܿ죬ЦЦõͷ۶Щˡ
ײеСѾͷһǱסˡ֮УȻ˿ԽѵԼЩš
ᵯָս飬СѾͷ˳Ȼŷ˵ѾͷСʱͦҺϲ
ְ֣ңұЦЦһί˵
ŷʼ磬һ˵ҿɲҴ
ΪʲôЦЦЩɵۡ
Լʲôʱ˰ˣȻԸָԼ
ӴӣǿǴ治ĵ˵Ȼ֣ѾͷԴһ¡
Ѿͷ۵ֱлѾ˹εĻˡ
ҵ游ɲʵ

εͷֱӳϡ
ЦЦһѱסΣһݵ˵찡Ҿ֪Ӣ²һ֪ǸӢ˿϶үүû뵽ҾȻ¶ˣүүãүүٲࡣ
οЦã͹ŷ̫ˣЩ𱸣ڵ̲סЦ
ãѾͷȹСҪöˣСӶ˽ɵˡܸˣŹЦЦСԴһĳ硣
ݺ߳ûκκۼŹЦЦȻŹΣһҸ
һžۣһϲ£սҲˣ齫ﶼҹ
ԹŷڵʵҪһ㣬һ㶼ѡ
ʧǣֻһˣȫˣŷ游ĸȡ
ùЩȻĸǸʱʵǿһʹԹŷڵͨ޷Ǹ
Ҷ˸вĵףֵۡ
ʱ䣬ܿȥ
һգ͹ҵ˹ŷ硣
ףʲô飿ŷʵӹһ͸о˲ԡ
ʲôҪ˵һֱû˵
Ƿ֣λڡοڣŷ˵
ŷüͷûʲôʲô˵Ϣȷʵλڣڤͱ˰ǡ
ŷһɻ󣬹μ˵ܲǺҵ˼ҵ˼˵˱˰ڤ֮⣬Ƿһλ档
ʲôŷ𾪣ӹЦЦĻУһֱڲ²⣬ǲǻбλ棬˵ĻʱʶˣԼ²⣬Ҫ֤ʵˡ
Ļбλڣұˡ
ǿ𣿡ŷѯʡ
ҡͷ˵ȥǵʵ޷ͨǸϣһǿڿ˵Ľ롣
ŷüͷʵǿ󣬴ͨһλϣǶѵһ飬ǾԿοǹκ͹ˣǵʵԳԽһ


2404 Ĺ
ȴȥе㲻ͬѰ
ŷĹ۲죬Ȼֱ֣˺λĴϡ
Եס͹ΣǶڹŷ˵ȴԵסʵ̫ǿˣףûʲôסŷġ
һɿµĻ˳мһɱ⣬ž˵ϢȻ
ŷüͷ΢΢һ壬С
һɻǿǶ˵ûκá
͹ζһۣڹŷҲС
һλ棬ǻɫģһƬȱĿռ֮УȫϢûκ飬
˶һۣԷеľȡ
λ棬ûǷϵһ
ŷǰУڻɫλ֮ߣѰһЩܲҵﵽû顣
ʲôͻȻ
ŷ翴˹ȥһ߹ϵʬ壬ŽɫļУ֮Ư˵ߡ
ŷ΢΢һֱӳ֣һʬ˹
ʬʱ򣬾ŷ綼̲ס΢΢ɫ
һ飬ǰǿȻڣҲȻһɿµϢҪη
䣬ȻѾҲȻһѹ
Ǳ˻ɱģͷһѪֱӻٵԪ񣬲֪ȥ˶£ѪѾûиɺԣͬոһѪӨ̺ſµһԹ
ѡ˵̲סһ
һѱɱ޵еĴڣȻ³ꡣ
Сŷ˵ˣֱ뿪һط
һͷ­ŭĿԲŲңɱ⣬ȻѾȥ˲֪£ҲȻˣɱȻǹŷ綼о𺳡
̫ǿˣǺһĴڣȴѹȥ޾£Ҳ޷ĥɱ⡣
ǿߣ޾¹ȥˣ᲻࣬Ȼʱ䶼޷ĥһС
̫ˣǿ߾Ȼλ浽׷ʲô̲ס
ʵϣҲǹŷ⡣
߹һһطһһߵʬ壬ǿߣȫ쳣ҡ
Ȼŷ綼ĬȻ̫ǿˣһǰǸǴ֡
λǿߣˣԶԶԽ
ǣȻˣˣûһ鶼ͣǿĸ֣Ҳɱˡ
䡣
ǰͻȻһµɱⱬһضҪΰվһսֱ䣬Ȼɱŷǡ
κ͹ɫȻһ޷ǿߣɱ⾪춯أǶо˾޴Σ
ǹŷδǵӰҡҡͷȻᵯָ
ƿµһˣǸǿߵӰҲʧ
һԹһǿߵģ޾Ҳĥ𡣡ŷ̾
һԹˣǵۺͻǸǿߣȻĻҲô¡
͹ɫȻǸνǿߣǺε
浱УѰһС
ǣȴûҵʲôõĶһжٵˣǳס
ﱬսûҵ˵ʬ壬ֻбǿߡȫɱһʣ
ѾΪһƬأһ鶼ûС
ֻ޾ʬ壬֮УȻ¶Ư
ס
ŷͻȻһЯʧٴγֵʱǳһ֮⡣
׼ȷ˵ⲻǹӦ˵һء
֮Ĺ
ŷ翴һʯǳɵּȻʶȴľ쵽е˼
ףŷ羪ɲ͹˶һۣԷе𾪡
˵еףڱ˰ôһ׵Ĺ
Ҳֹһοڣ˵ԼĲ²⡣
һλһסҲ˵
ŷҡͷźܶɻһλһ׵ĻôϾ׵Ļ϶˰ô
߽ļڱʹǵס
˺ͱ˵һλʹ
ŷ߽ԿһħĹĤݣʵǿĴڣһûκ
ɫ䣬Щ񣬲ʵģǹȥһЩ֡
ɴҲԿǺεȵĴڣȻȥˣҲȻħĤݣвŷǿߡ
һ׵Ĺŷо˸ߵ˴ĹԱߣȻ֣ȻҪĹ
κ͹𺳣վڹŷ󣬾Ķܡ
׵Ĺһǿп϶о˵Ҫ
ǵϣŷ翪Ĺʱκ鶼ûУĹ֮УתϵϢȴʲô


2405 ս
һ׵ĹǣȴҲӰֻ޾Ű˵һ׵䡣
·̺λˣŷǶоͷᣬе㱻Ӱ쵽ˡ
ǺȻһۣȫԷе𺳡
ǺεΪȴסְˣȫᡣ
ŷ羲ĸһУ棬ȴûȥ̺һλľ֮䣬һ֮սѲһ㣬б׻ɱ
һϴڣͬʥ壬ȴ¡
ŷ翴Щʬ壬ڵʣǳϸ죬սǸϴڣȴܿ׹Ǹϴڻɱ
ùŷɫ⵽һʲôӵĴڣôܹôǿµ˵ĵز
ȻڵʵҲоЩС
֮ϣС
ʱλһµ־٣ǰǸϴڡ
ǣ֮䣬ŲСĲࡣ
һսȻλǿ߶ˣλҲƴǱɱ־ɢ
ޣڰף֮ļİʹڱ׵䣬ĺá
һĹ֣־γɵģϴڡ
ǴĹױ֮һϴڣһµףֱ硣
ûһ谭ûκǿ߿Եסǿѣ˲䶼ɱʲôʣ¡
ŷĬȻһǸʧ
͹ҲһǶһۣԷе𺳡
ղŵһĻȻҲˣ֮䣬ǰʾһλ䡣֪ʲôԭ򣬷ǿնɱ顣
ǵʲôˣ̲סһ
˰
οڣ˶Է
ŷͷص˵ֵǸһӦþǱ˰ף̫ǿˣԶԶҵľ硣
أоѹ
ֲǿʣֱԲǶԷĶ֡
ŷãΪֹ˰׻δ׽򣬽ٵֱЩ˼顣
Ҫ֪֮лǿ߲͵ʣ˰׵¶ס
ҲڣһЩһսȴûеס׵ս
ûףŷԸо
ǵ·кܳԶҪߡŷ̾
һˣҪݣе㲻ˣҪߵĸԶܹԷסԼɱԷ
Ĺգס
һֵ𾴵ĴڣΪɱձɱһλ飬Ϊˡ
ŷҪ뿪ص֮С
תʱ򣬼Ӱסǵȥ·
ŷһǾȻ˶סˣ֮ǰûиоԷϢ
˵ԷʵԵǿףҲ֮¡
͹ҲһվڹŷߣĶˡ
ĸǿߣһŮӺòӵˡŮӺҲǴͷˣŹŷ磬дȻĹâ
ĵۻʣСܵܣýúõĿ㡣Ů֣ɫЩḡһȻһ˸мܲס
ŷЦһˣҲǲΪ
ǶˣĿȻ
ÿŷ翪ڣŮ˵ǿơ
ǳԷͲĶԷˣһгӡ
Ůӵ֮һ˿أܿһۣȷûиоʲôµĴڣЦˡ
СܵƢСƢǷǳģĺϲ㣬Ըһģϲ츳¡Ů˵
ʲô֣ŷͻȻʵ
ŮЩɻ󣬲ǿڵ
ˡŷ絭һЦֱӳ֣Ե
Сܵܲʶ̧١кһһۼĻ֣һ󣬽ŷС
ŷ粻Ҵ⣬ϳԻ֮УսoߵһǾԵĿ¡
һȭڷ棬͹ŷȭͷײһ̣ըͽһ𣬽޾ա
ŷһ˵Ĺ⡣
ǵ˼ɫȻȻѾ˹ŷĲҲδ뵽ŷ羹Ȼʵ֮ϡ
սţ޵У㲻ҵĶ֡Źŷ磬Ȼ·磬ȴ˵Ļ
ⲢǷǳһţԼսʤһе֣ȻԷʤҲһ
ŷЦˣЦֻһӶѣҺҵһսɱû


2406 ɱ
㣬Ҫϻһɱǡһǿǣʵ綷սǲڵˡ
ǿƣŹŷ磬ͬʱ³ʲô⣬Ҫһ֣նɱŷ硣
ŷվƽ֮дһǶԼ˺ܿϡ
սȻһŮӣԸȴӶҪǿҪҵĶ࣬һۣ˵ΣӦ֪ҵԸ񡣡
̾Ϣһû˵
սŹŷ磬Ц˵ȷģԲҵĶ֡
ţŷ磬Ȼղһսһ·磬ȴһţԼһʤ
һ仨жս֮ߵһɴ˿ɼһ仨˫
ŷ綼òϣһ仨ǿŷ綼оһѹҵ
ŷͶսһԼ޵УʤͲģԼһӮ
ǿߵźǣǿײ֮о
ǳ֣սһ˹սһɫء
սܿ£Ͷ֮䣬޾ɱУȻŷڽսʱ䣬ѾˣѪ
ùŷ侲ķͬڶս˺ۡ
һȭ𶯣λ涼ھ
һըγɿµܣѹ˹ȥ
ͬʱŷ糤ХһӰ֣ϵĵ
Ӱһѹ£֮
ڱ飬ȫǿµһܡ
ս޵¡սһ껨֣һŸ꣬ȫŷȥ
ǿµײֱչֳսҲɱ
ͬʱˣŷѪȴ侲üķ⣬罣ɳȥǬأһ⣬ᴩ
ХŶ仨ɳȥÿһ䶼һһǳС
𶯣ｩ֡
ŷ嵽һǳ֣ɱ
սļң˵˫սˣû뵽ŷ֡
˵Ӧ޵вŶԣ֮£ûж֡ڣȴ൱ֲʤ
û˭бʤİգȴһֱʱӵļᶨս
ʱ򣬾Ŷ仨𶯣Ȼ罣ŷɱ
ŷ𣬺ڷ޷ԶֱתһȭھŶ仨档
Ŷ仨갧ɳȥʱ罣ֱն䣬ֱ˾Ŷ仨
ŷƿ罣˹ȥĿᶨһ䡣
˫ֽӡҪסһ
һȴϵķ顣
һԪ֣дĲƣתҪߡ
ŷ̤УֱһŲȥ
ҽУԪ񱻵顣
սһ޵УҲʰ֮г˺޺ͲġѾˣɢһǿ󵽼ǿ䡣
㡣ʣµǿɵۣǴ󺰡
ɱΪ㱨𡣡
ֱӺһ
һοڣ˹סΡ
վûг֣Щʵǳǿûн𣬻Ƕ֡
Ҫô֣ҪǸ硣
ʣµˣŷ֣סǡ
˵ʵǿ󣬲ڵ棬ƿ¡֣֮е֡
ǣվҪˣΪ˹ŷ硣
ڸճɵʱ򣬹ŷͿԵס컯Ĺοڣĳ֣ɱԷ
Ѻǿ󣬵ǴʱȴľǱŷѹƣղżУͻѪȻ˾Ե·硣
һ򣬹α޼ɵĳ֣˵˼㡣
εĶ֣ȻŷûгΪѣҲĺ컯ϡǹȴڱҪǸ硣
ֻҪɹʱһǴǿߡ
κ͹ŷ粻һ̫ιˣ֮ߵ˼ޡԣǽѾ磬ڵʡ
ʵϣŷǵΪ컯ǵԭ򣬰ͻƣѾ֮󣬻ǿ
𾳽磬ֻǶݵפûг׵ߵޣڹŷ˵һֺܴӰ졣
ԣЩһֱڹ̾磬ֲǸʱȱݡ
ȻĻԹŷ츳Ӧøӿ²Ŷԡ
ѣУŷȫɱһûӳȥ
λˣʣһˣŷȻûг֣ǹεϢԽԽǿ󣬾㲻ɵӣҲףԼεĥʯҪ̤Լϴѵ·
ڿֿܡ
ңǹν֮αΪѾûκüֵˡ
ҪߣһɿµȻӶܣҧгݣޱҪȻɱΣĻҲԩ


2407 δ
γȣѪȴǿƳ֣սΡ
֮йըǿķ򶴴գ޾硣
ǿߵսԽһս˵֮һ֮УԼסһϢԴǡ
ǿµһսδԼ۷ս
ݻţѹ˻ϡ
γХչԼļսĻȥˣҪɱΣĻҲֵ̫ˣȻδɱ˶Էκһˡ
ʲôѣˡЦ˵Ļ
ǿƣʼʼ
һµᴩգε϶ȫѪγХȫһ㽫η顣
ο⣬֣ͬһµͨᴩǬţء
ǰһжڼ𣬶ҲһУɳȥԶһը
Ǵѵľһµ˼㡣δ̤Ǹ磬ȴһսزƿˡ
ֻǣ㣬תѪΪԼˡ
һ̣˳սʩչſµͨС
ż𡣡
δһ⣬ʼһξһ
һжĥѾŵλ涼ʼ
ûػûһλǷǳġ
ңλϵˣѾڻٵˣȻһǿ߽룬ǴڲսĻķ̶Ȼһء
һЩŵǳȫը飬˽޾ƣƴ
ս˰ȻȫʩչµֶΡ
ʱƴˣȫη
춼¶ǵɫҪҪ֣Լ游ɱˡ
ã游츳еҪǿĶˡŷ翪ڣ죬ǹɱĹؼʱ̣Բܹ⡣
һսο֮жҪֵǿߡ
ңεǱڹŷ磬ߵ·ҲҪȵۺͻʻҪԶ
һս춯أλѪüβһ㶼ɱˣŷ綼ɫջǿžԮ뷨սûȥܡ
ѹһС
ͷδϢٴΰθߵһµĵز
Էɫ֪á
θоˣ̤һ磬ˣǺһĴڣһѡ
սڷﵽ˿µĵز
ʱξˣҳ˾

һȴδĺɳȥӶըˡ
¶ʹɫһֱۻӶ쵶һն
ͬ磬ս֮нһ磬ʵ˲֪٣ʱֻһȭεһ첲ը飬򱬡
һ̣磬˲εߣһѹȥ
䡣
εը飬ԪֱӼ
֮𲻶޾˸֮ϣɫȻϢԺŽδ
Ѿˣ̤㵽һµľ磬ʵǿֲ
һ̣γ֣ŷ硣
뿪ԶԶ㿪
ŷ絭һЦҲ֣ͬûһ㱣
˼սȸղŸӼҵսչµ˼㡣
վǸո̤磬磬·硣
ǣһ㷴֮ûУ£ͣطޱȡ
á
ŷЦһȭˣٳ֡
ԹڵʵԵѹƵ컯죬͵ȣҲ٣΢ȹһ£һǵǿߡ
ʵǸʲӵı˰֮⣬λ֮Уǿġ
ˡŷһ
ŷ͹֮һ¡
׵£ӦͻƵ˴ѣǰ׽õġ
û뵽ﾹȻѡ
ҹŷǻǳϤһһ׷ɱˣʵ侪ˡ
һѣŷ磬ֱͲˡ
ʶһ֮תߡ
Ȼ׵ĹӣǶɵӣ
ߵ𣿡ŷЦֱӵסǣضǵȥ·
սǺܿѱŷ͹նɱȫһУ뿪λ档
һĵһµգ˲ƿϣǸٵλ֮С
ֻǣһո֮λȼֱӽһУҪ
ǹŷֶΣȻǵʱˣҲҪһƤѾֶβܹ
λ֮пһЩ򣬸Ӧж٣ȫ
ֻǣһܿ£ֻһеһжƽǸͲһ
֮Уŷ̲סɴ۾һ


2408 ϶
Ŀףһʲôãʲô׵ǰá
νףƿһУһһжƿ֮С
ŷɫأղҪɱ׵߹ȴû뵽׵һԽ٣־˵ı֣𺳡
Ӱ֣ǵʣǸٵλ棬ɫء
о˰ɣŷѯʡ
һɺǿɵУǶ֣Խҡŷ˵ûһԥ
ۺͻ˶ӣɫһأǲ⣬ףѾ˲ٵ˽⡣
֪һµĴڣʵ棬Ǹ޷֮ȡ
֪׵ʲôζˣֱʵ
ʿ˹һۣǺ⣬һѲɫʱ򽫴ѷС
ǵЩ⣬֪εͣʵȹŷʹ˶ʮ꣬ȻҲˡ
վûпڣĬϹûʸ֪һЩ
㻰ءüŻʣЩõ˵
ʶʱɫһЩ˵Сô˵
ȻЩΪùûʸԼ˵ʸ
㲻ǰˣʲô磬˵ʵҲ㡣ε˵ڻʺ͵۵ֽǺܸð
ʱ㹻ʵȻҪ̫
Цˣɫ֮ȴһ˿ŭȻڹεĻ˲Ͳм
˵ȴûг֣Ϊ֪ǹŷĸס
㣬۸ڶʵҲˣͣһֻ־Ϳѹ㡣ΰȻ˵ʵս⡣
ţߵ磬Լˡ
ʳˣ޾򶴴ѹȥ
Цͬһְֻ˹ȥϣ貵ͬһһ
ǵײһ𣬻ʵһ¶Ȼɫ
һ̣ͬʱˡ
Ȼ˰벽ȴûܵκ˺ʺ͵εЩһˡ
ղŹεı֣ѾĸǣεʵǣѾﵽΡ
ֻǣʵе̫ˣ˶൱Ǻεʣһ嶼¡
ˡδЦˡ
ʾȻûƽˣŹΣȻ¶͵ɫ
ãܺáЦ˳̾
û뵽㾹ȻԳɳһҲ̾
֮ǰùΣΪҲҪֹѣҪﵽ磬Ǽܵġ
֪Լףˣս磬ǣȻ͹ŷȣûйŷôǴһԿεǱδڹŷ硣
ҿ֪𣿡Цݣʵ
ۺͻʶһۣſڣһλ־Ҳһִ˵˵λ֮սǿ߻ˣƿһλ棬ǱǸλףʵǵ󣬾޾µǿ󡣡
һ˵һ֣Ƕ޷϶
Կ϶ǣʲô׶ǳǿ
ǽһλ浽Ϊʲôŷüͷ
ĵطǿߣӦǷǳǿŶԣվھ֮ϣΪһǿ̫Сˡ
ǣ˰ףȴͲҪƿһС
ǿʲôǲֻ֪һ㣬ҪնɱǸףĻɫء
򲻹̫ǿˡŷһ˵ĻЩƺ١
Ѿ磬ΪĿʼͣˣȻڻĽٶ̫ˡ
ҲǰһСҪ޾µʱ䡣
ҪΪǸĴڣԷҪﵽʲô磬Ѷ೤£ŷ붼롣
ҲУһԣֻҪ̤Ǹ磬ͿԻɱףλ棬ĺƽʷ˹ŷ˵ĿƣŹŷ硣
ŷЦЩϣԼϣĲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ҶӲǵǹǲԸ⽫е鶼ǣͲ˵ЩˣǸǷǳҪӵĻҲκβǡε˵һ㶼
ۺͻɫһ䣬ŷӵĻһƽǿԵġ
סԼߵˣԶȥֻҪȻҪɱҲǺףңڻйΣΪѣǸ磬ˡ
Ǻúÿһ¡ۺͻʶһۣԷеء
뿪ʧ
϶һСʲô͡Ʋ죬м


2409 ͵
ŷĿҲЩ粻Կ϶һЩʲôȴ޷֪
һʱ֮ڣŷ粻ܲ鵽
Ҳ̫ʱ䣬ﵽ˹ŷ磬Ǹ磬ûʲôŷ̫á
ͷϺ꣬ȲҪǸȷʵǿ󣬿Ŀˡ֮о˸˶־
ùŷ綼ЩҲԼײĶսʥ壬ףоѹǹȴǸͲ⣬ʮ㡣
ǴʲôѣҲʲôǿߣԼܹߵһ
ʵϣ֮ǰξԲŷ硣ڣԺ͹ŷ粢ˣĳɾͣڹŷ硣
ۺͻʶЩ˼飬
ȥ˰һ¡ŷͻȻ˵ʱùһ
ȥ˰һ£ǿɲġ˰ǿƣǴѣв֪һϰ׷ŹŷܣҲκһ˶ܲ
ңһ֪ǳףŷֱһ
㿼ˡʵ
ŷͷĿЩ䣬޾֮˵һָоֻԼȥѰңܹõյĴ𰸣ǵʣҲδػ˵滰Ҳʲô֪ĸо
Һһ𡣡ֱ˵
ŷҡͷ˹ε뷨
ΪΣüͷ
֮УһһЩѣ˵ףʱһ򡣡ŷ˵о˸
˼۾һŹŷ磬˵ڷʣ
һֲ׵ĸоŷûΣֱ˵
磬ǲ˵Ļ˸Ӧ
ЩԣҵЩˣ𣿡¶һ˿ǡ
ԡ
ŷܿ϶˵
εͷ˵ԼӣȻ˵ΣǾ;Դˡ
ŷܴڶϤ棬ȹζҪһЩ
һƬռ֮УڶԻ
ع飬֮ҲһЩҪعˡüͷЩǵ˵
ǵ¶һĨЦݣ˵ӦףΪǺá
ʿ˵һ̾ϢһЩĬβ˵Ķ𣿡
ԡ
ۺܼᶨԻ˵һɶûС
ʿЦһֻеͷ
ع鵱죬ɱ˵һ仰
һЩ˼ĶŵۣȻҪɱ
ŷĺͻˣûǵĻ·ңҲûϣû˿Զù׵ĻɱŷȻ̤Ǹ磬ȴ۵˵ûκɫ
ɫӡþ
ô᲻ãЦ˵
ҡҡͷվѡ
Ļ˵۾Ц˳ܿЦݣĶŻʣˣѣǣֻǺ컯һѣһֱѾɱˡ
˻һʶʱɴ۾ãһֱѣһȴû뵽۾Ȼ뷨
ȻҪɱ˼ᶨûһĳɡ
۵İ⻹ǸһݺţµĴڡǺεǣ£ͲӦ뷨Ŷԡ
ôˣʣʵ
ҡҡͷָƽ˵֪ˣ㰲Űɡ
šŵͷ
ڻʵҲ쵽ˣ۲ں֪ôѡ
ڹŷ磬һЩˣ˵һЩ֮󣬱뿪
˰һİλ档ҲڤҪΣգŷһնûС
һףҲҪ䡣
λ֮ϣ˹ȥ
䡣
Źŷ˰һһĵС
ޱȣǻĹ񻰴˵еɾûһɷ
׷裬¹ɱԳﳤХԾɽ֡
͹ŷеȫһñ˰ӦģӦһ磬˶Ǹ߸ϣͬһ㣬ڸŷˡ
ĵطȴ͵Щš
һ˼ƶŷʱһ£Ȼ£˹֣Ц˵ѣ֪ɽ֮ϣкҪ£
һ۵ߣɷǣʵȴǳǿڰ벽Ѿ硣
ʵҲǸˣǿ
ǣ˵ϣûиоһɷǴδһ
ŷתͷǸЩȣʻˣǶԷȴûлشԵúܲò
һ㶼Ƣõ˸̾
ѡ
ٴκһʱŷ羪ѡ
ŷŻӦû£ֻ˴ˡ


2410 
ߺƣŷ϶ֱȻ۲ʶ
ڣŷȴûƵˣŷǲᶯԷġ
ظȴԼԭЩܹΥ
ƶӣ֪γƺѯʣȻ󻯳һͤӣŷ¡
ȻԹŷһЩ棬Ҫ͹ŷ糤̾
ԥһ£ŷڵҽŷ硣
ŷ硣һ£ҡͷδѵ֡
ﲻǱ˰ôʲô򣿡ŷ̲סһ
Ǳ˰ôˡ
Ļһ˵ڣӵ̲סȻŵĶŹŷ磬ʲôһ
ŷһԼݶعˣЩգʱ׼֣Ҫ¡
ʱ򣬺ȴˣѣ㵽׶೤ʱûгˣ֮ǰȷʵǽ˰Ϊһޱ䣬һλ淢սһЩսʣµ𽫱˰ĳ򣬿ѵĺܾ˰Ӧһս֮ǰǿߡ
һ壬չôʱ䣬̫˲ˡ
չصʱ䣬ǺΪȵģǹŷǰ޹ˡ
ҲڹŷʵǿĻӾԿóŷ͡
ڣȴһ㶼ŷΪһһ
ԭǺܶûгˣ£Ѿֻ֪ˡŷ̾
һɫ̹Ȼһỵ̂ùŷ纹ա
ŷ絹ָ
棬ŷͲ󣬵ߵ̫Զˡ
λ֮УǸ֪ʲôףû˸˵Լ泬Խŷ硣
Ȼ̸ֻۺ̵ܶʱ䣬Ǻȴϲ˼㣬ŷ񣬸ڿһһ
ν⣬ڹŷǰʲô㡣һԾָĲ㣬ơ
־磬ʵֱ޷
ѵһ𣿡գ̲סһ
ǰɡŷ絭һЦ
ŷĻ¶ȻɫֲùŷȻһȻϻдѣǺȻʿ֮Уʿ֮е
Ǻų𣬳һУ־޷
һָԼӵ͹ˡҪʦŷ磬ùŷԼΪӡ
ŷ纹գȻӵĸоǺͱ˰֮Ĺϵȴ֪ôչأǵˡ
һжλʿΪӣŷ绹ûѵǸز
ΪӵΪˣŷָһ£úӳΪԼĵӣе̫ˡ
ŷֱܾӸߺӣԼյӡ
ԭ򣬹ŷû˵źҲѯʡ
ӹȻûʣ̾Ϣһ֪ԼûǸԵ֡ǿȥĻֻܹùŷ練С
ŷһЩ⣬ڱ˰֮еһЩ
ӵһ㶼ɹŷ粻λˣʵϣĴڣȻ˵λ棬ǻûдǸ
˰֮ʮݣһʮλ඼ǹȻЩ𶼲㣬˵дֲ
ŷüֻϢⲻҪġ
ѵûд𣿡ŷ̲סʵ
ŷĻӷӾȣ̲ס˵ѵǿʲôǴѣ
˼Ȼʲô֪
Щ˼飬ڱ˰´ϰˡ
ڣȴһͲ֪ѵӣ綼û
ȻЩ˼飬ǲԾ
֮У벽ѶԼ֪ѺʹѵĴڡ
᲻Ϊûûдѣŷʵ
ᵽһ㣬ӵǺܼᶨҡͷֱ˵һǰԷģ֮ҲҲ֪Ϣ˵ΪҶ֪ǾԲܵģҵʦһ˵磬ûʲôѡ
ܼᶨԼ˵
Ϊ񣬴Ϊ񡣡ŷ͡
񣬺һš
ҪǿĴڣѣǵǺεȾ硣
ѲǰǴѣ񣿡ͻȻһʶһ⡣
ŷ絭һЦ˵Ҹ㣬֮еأ
˻һӻ
֮еǿߣǰʲô
ӿڸ˵
գŷ뿪ˣͺӸҪȥһ£̽һ±˰ɽӣ˽ﵽ׷ʲô顣
Ȼʧ֮ȴԽԽᶨˣһ;еĻҪԶҪ˵Ķࡣ


2411 
ݣһϵĴ½ֻһǣΰ
һµǿߣͳһƬݡ
֮еǿߣҲԲʵǿ󣬿Žǰ塣
ڵĴ֮Уȫ⣬ûһɿµϴд·ˣȫ̲סҪĤݡ
֮£ȫϣͬĴڣû˿Գּѹ
ŷվڳǳ֮⣬ܵһһЦǳ֮Уûо쵽
һкܺΰΪĳǳأǿƣ޵֮ͬ꣬벽Ҳ
ʼ漶ǿߺ׼Ҳǳ
ңŷ绹ӦĴڣȻ𣬵Ҳ̫ࡣ
̲סЩ̾˵ģͲ˰ʮݣÿһ˴֮жЩ𣬹Ǿʮˡ
ʮһֵĻһĴѶҪë
Ȼڹŷ˵ⲻʲôֿ̧ѹ
֮е˵滹ǿֳһĻŷὫ֮Ϊۻʾ硣
ǻߺ͵ߣǵۻʣߵ˴ľߣǧ硣
һһ֮С
ŷǰ߹ȥûз֣ʲô첻
ڵķ䣬͵۾ʱ¶Ȼɫ
һ˳ǰû˿Ԥףƾճֵһ
Ȼš
ȻͬǿߣҲƾճ޹֮Сֻܹ˵ǰ˵ʵ̫ǿˣԶԶԽ
һͷ϶ʱ¶Ȼɫ
ѣ֪磬ͺӲһߵ۷壬ȻδͻƣǶԴѻŵġ
һԽѵľ磬Ĵң𣬼ԵĲࡣ
ֻǣ֮УѾ֪೤£δֹǸĸˣΪһЩԭȻﵽ۷壬Ҳͻơ
ԣ֮У٣ǴһûС
ŷĸоǴѣڴ֮УҲǸǿߡ
Ǻˣ̲סʵ
ŷû˵ֱӳ֣ѹ
ǶãŷѹץС
ԣ㲻ˣλ档˲Ӧһʵ
⵹ǲ֣֮У۷ܹӦŷʵǲġ
ԸˣλΪֻΪûиӦѣô£б˰ʵǶǿǸ׵һʲôӵĴڣŷһܵ˵˺ܶ⣬ⶼ֪ġ
ŷҲ˵еֶ֪ԼҪ֪Ķ
ҲоˣףеֶΡ
ԣܹϣֱ˵ҿԻش⣬Щȷʵǲ֪
ϣŹŷ磬һ档
ϣ㲻Ҫƭҡŷ絭˵
ſˣǰһѶܲοֻһ𡣳ǿ󣬵ҲֻԶԵģڹŷǰϡ
˵ɡŷλ棬𣬲ٿڡ
һ˵λûдѣΪҵʵﲻǸ磬һǸ֮󣬾ͻдֲڤڤ֮һ־ֱĨɱǿߡ
ʲôŷһⲻǺһ
ֻǣﲻ׵ϳôɱԼˣȻе㲻Ծ
ӦþеǸ׳ֵģϧ֮Уǿƣһɱ˸ɾʵڵ򣬲ȫǰ˰ڵ򣬲ǰ֮һСϳȦЩ˵ġЦ˵
Ϊһܽ뵽ԼĴȫ
ǱȦġʵǺܾ
ײǱ˰𣿡ŷ̲סüͷ
ײǱ˰ģģǲ֪˰ûйסЦᵽףŨ
ŷɻûף뵽Ǹٵλ棬״ڵġ
ŷв²⣬Ҳʵ̫ˣͲ֪׵Ĵڡ
ͷһǲµ˹ŷ뷨һЦ˵϶ΪҾ̫֪ͣ׵Ĵڰɡ
ŷͷûԼ뷨
ҵʦһѣ˵֮ǿļˣ޵У֪ʲôףһ죬һµ־·֮۳λ֮Уƿλ棬Ǹʱ򣬷һսʦȥǸףȫսˣлع飬ڸҴУͬʱҲ䴫ҡ𵭵˵֮дһ˿ߺޡ


2412 Ů
ײǱ˰ģ֪Ϣ֮󡣹ŷˡ
û뵽νףȻǱ˰֮еĲ²е㲻һ
ŷ籾Ϊÿһλ棬ᵮһףڤΪսˣҲˡ
ϾڤΪλģ˭Ҳ֪жǿߣҲпԿ׵ǿڡ
Ϊ׶ģҸ㣬νףеĸǿ󣬷ʢʱڵı˰εǿ󣬺ųǿߵչޣڤ򣬳ΪλģǣȴסǸףиֶնɱһɾһЩ򱻻ٵһЩȥ֪ʲô˰Ѿǰı˰ˡ˵ϴһ˿ŭ
ɺ޵ǣʿ޷ͻƽѣһǸ磬׻Գֱ֣ĨɱǸˣӹȥɫŭ
˵Щ±֪ŷһ
ƽʱڳ˯֮Уһ޷׻ѣֻ֮󣬲ܹףǸʱԳ֡𵭵˵
ŷĬȻ˵Ļ˰ʿǸӼࡣ
Ӧûûиҡŷ綢
˹ŷһۣĬ
Ӧ֪Ҫ֪һЩĻǸסġŷ絭˵ѡ
ҿͻƣףǸʱҲܡŹŷ磬ЩȻĸо
ŷһʶһ⣬ǾصĶܲ򵥣ҲйڶԸѵġ
ʶһ㣬ƽˣ˵ҲµĲĻ֮ӦûŴѣֹһ𣬶֪
ˡ治ɫЩΪȻ
ı֣ŷԼĸо
ҪԸ׵Ļ⿿˰ǲģҵ֡ŷ顣
ˣ˰֮䣬Ҳѣ־˰ɡֱӾܾ
ŷЦˣһȻ˵Ȼ˰дѣҿֹܻһ㣬Ӧкܶ࣬ȻĻ㲻ôᶨľܾ֡
˻һɫһ䣬ʶԼϵˣŷˡ
˵ɫ䲻ÿ
ףʲô飿ʱһεŮӳ֣˻ûе㵽ˡ
ˣɫ䣬֪á
Ȼŷһֱ֣ѹ˽εŮӡ
Ůӱɫѡ֣Ҫŷ硣
ǣҲֻһѣͲǹŷĶ֣ղų֣ͱѹˣһûС
ŮĹĵģŭŹŷ磬һҪҧӡ
ŷЩЦֱŮӵԴһ£۵
һǿߣԲһ꣬ȻΪˣ츳졣
֮£ŮӺһֱԶͬŮĺܵʱûʶΣգĹĵĵŹŷ硣
ҵҡŷۣѾͷѵһ㶼ɵ
̧ͷתҪһȥ
ˣΪһ̫ˣԿɱһ
һ£Ůˡ
ס֡
ͬʱŷ֣Ҫסŷ硣
ŷֻǿһۣ㶨סˣһ㶯
ôŮˡ
׺ǿ󣬵ǰ˵ǰȻһ¡
ǴѣΪʲôҪΪǣǴѶ𣿡ŮĹĵ˵ǳŷ硣
죬ɫ΢䡣
ŷ絹Цˣȫѹû뵽ŮĿУ֪ǸطĴڡ
졣ǳ
ŮһãȻ֪ԼΪʲôҪôǳԼʲôط˵
Ǳ˰ǿߡЦ˵
Ů֪Լ׸һʲô顣һգŷ֮иǳ˷ŭ
ŷ棬ʩչͨŮӻûз֮ǰȡеһЩͷ

ȫǻ֣ùŷŮӵֵҲоܾȡ
˵Ļֻ֪ҹŷŮӵУκ̫ڸֻЩġ
뵽̲סЦ˳ȻһͷŮӵָɡ
Ҫ㡣Ůӷŭ˵Сȭͷֱŷϴ˹ȥȻЩŭ
ŷЦһץסŮӵСȭͷûа취ǰһ
㲻ҵĶ֣סְɣȻĻҰͷŷ翴һۡ
Ůӵɴ۾³֣޳ܡ
ĲҶˣŷвˣȻʵʵվ
ЦԼŮЩˡ


2413 û˵
ҿԲ֪ҪǺпܵĻЩȥ֮ҡŷ翪ڣƽ͵ˡ
ûǿ̫ˣҲöԷСӣЩ֮кĹϵ
ŷĽôˣĵǡ
˼غ̫ˣΪܻܿɺеĺ
ŷеϵʱһҧ˵ֻܹ˵֪ͨһ£ұ֤һԻȥ㣬˰֮䣬Ҳ㲻Ѻá
Ļŷ絹һ㶼֡˰֮гһʱ
ǿ߷ͱ˰ǿߴսɱ˲֪ٱ˰ǿߣӴ֮λ֮䣬ǵˡ
ҪԼĵ˺ˣ˭Ըġ
ǹغԼҲҪһۣ
ֻ֪ҪͨһˣҪǣǲǺĻƾǱ˰Ҫɵףǲܵ飬Ҫˣȫʢʱ򣬶׵Ķ֣ھһЩ֣¾ȫʢʱڣ˲ٰ֪ɡŷǺЦ˵
ĬȻŷ˵ȷʵı˰Ǻεǿǿƣкü޵еǿߡ
ڣǴѶټûм𣬻Ҫ
һ˰ǲ׵Ķ֣ʹӮ
ûб룬Ҫʤ˵ңңڡ
һСģ׷ˣ˰пܻᱻ׵׾ܹһ㡣
Щ鲻ܹģҪǰǵ뷨ǺҲܹ׵Ц˵
ŷҲЦˣ˵ͷȷʵͬ˵һ֮ûпԿ׵Ķ֡
ƾʲôҪˣǽ֮ʲô塣ɫЩм
ĻʹˣΪ֮һۣնɱף϶ŷһ˵
ۣƺ΢΢ݣݻʣھۣȻ֣벻ھݻʰɡ
δ˵ۣ֪ʲôܹƳ硣֪νľ۾վԼǰ̲סʵ
ŮӿһüĿƲƲ죬Щм˵ײҪƭˣԼʲôۣһǵһμˣԼԼҲ֪졣
ЩмƵŹŷ硣
ȻŮҲЩӦˣŷȻҪͲֲŶԡ
ԣͲõԼ߸׻ᱻͷ˵Ҳûһɵ
㵹Ǻܴŷ͵
Ǻݺݵĳ鴤һ£һܲܲҪΪνľۣһѼĺܣʵǿӢΰǴʱŷ֣Լˡ
ǰˣͲģеСȫһ
ôѵҲһѵõǿ𣿡ŷ粻ˬˣʲô顣
ɿһû˵
ŮֱƲ죬ȻЩŹŷĻΪԼ˵ǿ
أ޵£û˵ѡŷ絭˵ϱһɾ˵Ϣ
ڴʱһϢȻԶȻֱ
ãѲʹɫױˡ
׵ˣŷʵ
ûκͷ϶˹ŷĲ²⡣
һѣʵϧұȲԶˣɱŷоһ֤ԼʵûõģҪʵ˵
ԣŷҪԼʵ˵Ķ滰
Ȱ㻹ǸϽ뿪ɣص֮УﻹûбƿأǨκΣգھͲһˣ϶㲻Ѳʹļ顣ЩżǸŷƱ磬ڵĹŷһץס۵
𻹲رûκμֵıɵ
һһûߵʸ񡣡ŷ絭һЦһʧ
ٴγֵʱ򣬹ŷ絲ǸѲʹǰ
һѣȵǿߣҲֻһѡ
ŷ֣ʱʶ˲ף֪á
ûеѲʹ׼ŷͳˣͨһȻͬһµߣѹ¡
Ǹѵֿã˲ͱ򱬡һ̣ѪȼҪָԼ塣
ŷЦֱնһ
ۡ
ѲʹԪնɱʲôʣ¡
Ѫ⾧ӨԹԣȴŷ絯һһɾ
һѾɱˣʲôûʣ¡


2414 
ǷһĻȫ𾪣Ҳǿ߸ӦһĻĿɿڴֱЩš
˵ѾǸ֮еĸָ֣֮ɱǡ
رЩѲʹȻڴ֮УٮٮߣȻĻҲܳΪѲʹ
׵£ûһߡ
ڣһȴɱˣסŷĹ˲ͱɱ
ʵ̫ˣǵֻйʱһЩ޵ߣʵ
ֻǣ˰֮Ѿû޵ˡ
ŷ£ǰһЦһϢڸסԼ
˵ɴ۾ʱǸܲ˹ŷĴڣǹŷǰҲһ޷ӦŷĴڣǸûһ
ʱʮǿϢ֮Уŭ
£һӰ˷ƵѰ֡
ǣѰҲҲŷ磬úܶ˾ܶʿֱӹڵϡ
սսһִͷĸо
ֱӸǣ˵ǿ֣߳նɱǵĳԱŷ紫峹ʧһλ档
ԥһ£Ǵˡ
е㵣ģЩŭĴǿߣǱ˰֣ɱ顣
ʮ˲Ŀ絶ϡ
һը³Ѫתǿס
ŮûܵʲôѹҲսսվż˵
ʱпҪŷˣҪǹŷЩѲʹ˵Ųء
ǸˣһʵһŮӣһɫսףɫ䣬ɫӶϣһǿѹ
ǣԷҹһЩй⡣ֱ˵
һǼѲʹһ㶼⣬ֻǵϽĵطǲǡ
ȻأŮӼʵ
Ѳʹֱ֣ӳ֣˲ɱǸѲʹȻ㲻֪ˣǲҪ򣬴ʱ޹ذһ
ŮЦһ˵ѵûҪˣ
¶һĨЦСʵ΢ǵ϶ǿϵģгܸһЩ֮еѾǼɵʵˣҪˣǸͲܵġ
Ҿ˵δģҲصĵطֱѻꡣһѲʹͻȻڣһ顣
˵֮Ҳûеȵ˻شȻֱӳˣץ˹ȥ
ȻҪԷ
ȴЩΪͲܵסһѡ
ϾΪĲأһ졣
Ҫ𾳽磬ԴսǿߣҲֻ˽ܿ˶гΪ޵ߵǱʡ
ŷ磬ЦЦйΣǶˣҲܹһ㣬ԲϵĻԻ͡
Ҫѹʱһֻ˳ֱӴǸѵİӣ˳ȥ
ֵǸɫŭŮӣŭ㵽Ҫʲôֻǵ˵ѡ
ƽݵ¶һĨмĻ֮Уͷ죬ֲһЩ顣
ǿƣһ仰˵ĶԷ
ȷʵͬ˵һͳ죬ͬʱʵߵˣǲͬ⣬˻ûа취
ѡ𣬱˻ɣڻˡ
Ǹѷŭȴ޻˵
ȥתףۣ֮ɱпܴ򣬽Ϊ׵в˵
Ȼµ˳ֵ˵ݣۣȻ֪ģһùŷ罫Ϊ׵в
ǹŷ֪϶̲סȣŮ˶Լ۵Ǻܸߡ
¶һĨݣһδҲвƿصˣԼʲô
Щңŷӣ뻹ǻġ
ϾĽӴ֮УŷӦ֪֮һ԰Ըס
Ů뿪ڵϣѪ˷
ףû°ɣŮһϽʵ
һģɴ˿ɼղǶôˡ
û£Ϣһ¾ͺˣ̫ˡЦ˵
Ůԥһ£̲סʵղǸǲ׽֮ǰ޵߱棿
Ļ΢΢ɫ
ҪҪס޵еĹ涼սԶˣûһ˻ҲһղǸ˲ưˡǳ
ƲƲ죬˵Ǵ֮УͿԿ


2415 
뿪ŷˡ
뿪λ棬ûԶ
һŮˣһָоͬԴŷоһ˵һ
ɫ΢΢һ˵׵߹ûκιϵ
ŷ翴һۣһЦ
ŷɫɫ֮΢΢Щ̾Ϣ
һ⣬ֻǵǱԼɫʱףп϶б飬ǸˣҲǱ档
ֻǣ޵еĹΪ׵£ĳ裬ߣҲӦЭŲԸϣΪûд
ӦǶҵˣʲô뷨ŷʵ
Ҹ꣬Լȥǣѵ飬һ󼰵ġ
¹ŷʲô۶ӣΪǸطк֣ܶŷҪʲô˼Ļ϶ȥǾԳҲᱻɱ
ŷһˣ֪ôѡҪȥǸطѾ˵ĳˡ
ӦĻȷʵеˡ
á
ŷ絭˵ͬˡ
ҲҪȥͻȻڡ
üͷԼŮһۣû˵ȥʲôҪ֡
ף㲻˵ǸطҪȥһסڣ˵Ļùŷ⡣
Ҫ֪Ƿ˺ʿһ𣬴󲿷ֶǿŮرʿ֮УŮʿϡ٣رߵһĴڣ۸ڶܿʵԼĵ͵ˡ
ڣȻһţùŷɫŹ֡
Ůǿ˲һ㣬Խһ󾳽磬ûпɱԡ
Ļ΢΢ЩȻſڣͬˣλһǰǸطҾͲҪ˰ɣǸطأͬʱĸ׻㣬κΣա
ĻЩᣬȴǳᶨ
һĸͬԼĺΣյĻ֮еģҲһ
𣬺ǿ󣬵ǻסԼŮ
ǸطϣԲ׷֣Ϊѡ
ҲΪ˷ǰ룬һҪ׼֪£ŸͻƣһкܴΣա
ҾͲȥˡֱҡͷȻҪԼĸףǸ᲻Լĸס
ԼദʱԼչ˵ڣ̵ΪԼĸ׵ӡȴģȻȴܹںԼ׷ֿǰᡣ
Ǹط׿ûȥȥ֮ûѵͬ⣬ҲܳһҪ˵ףûгȥЩ˲ԸȰ㻹òҪȥȻĻͲܳᱻֱӻɱҲᱻС˹ŷһۣȰ
ĹĹŷ磬ֻǾã˲ͬ⣬ŷǰˣܻܿᷢ⣬Ҳɱ˰֮ǿߵ䡣
ûϵҺаաŷŵ˵
ŷа˵Щˣʵϣŷ粢˼˵Լаӳ
Щҳ֣ŷ粻ɱˣߡ
ߵһŷ粻ŻʲôطסԼȻǸĪ׳Ҳһ
˵꣬ŷ֪ν죬Ȼһλ档ң˼Ǹλûб˷ֹȻףҲ֪Ǹλ档
˰֮еǿߣҵǸλ棬ֶΣȻ׶Ҳ
ŷֱ꣬ӳ֣˺λ֮ϣͷ֮䣬ֱӽС
ֱһƽһ
֪ǣһĻѾһ˿ˣֻǶԷûʲôΪֻۿǰһĻ
һ嫵λ棬Ҳϡ棬һȺסͿ컯ûǲء
ͣûκɱ¾һ޼ʣȫɽ룬Ҳƽԭ£һӣΪӾڤ֮ʣг˷
ŷãһˣԱʮ֮Ϊ飬꣬ͿԳΪ޵С
⻹һͨˣĻŷ֮ڣΪ벽ѡ
ȻĽǳȻˣôޣҲһҪֹ硣
ŷ絹ûż뿪Ӹʼ
ûжã۾̺λԴ֮գͬʱǿߣַӡ֤ԼĵֻǶ̶һʱ䣬˵һǳĸо
ĵطһ̾
ȻҲоһӵˡ


2416 ܵ
ϸַ˸ھ
һĻŷ̲סͷһˣҪȻҲı֡ԽѾ磬Ϊ츳൱ڡ
û೤ʱ䣬ͱ˴ϡ
һǿ֣߳أſһ±һǺӣǳ㣬ѹ
ŷһ˿ʾȭ죬ǺӵԷ
¶ȵɫû뵽ǰ˾Ȼǿơ
ЦһָǺӣȻСȴӾˣŷ
ûκԣǹ
ŷЦԼû˷űˡʲôˣʲôʱҲûгԹοߵһȻףҲκʾġ
ŷ籬ˣʥȭȥһС
ǰȫ貵Ĺ⣬˵˼㣬ٵһУûʲôԵסµȭͷġ
Ǹɫ֣أ˫ֽӡΪоŷʵ֪һµǿߣʵǿᵽ˼㡣
ȻǿߣҲûбʤİա
ӲȫǿƵ˼㣬Ըκκˡߵһ޵ߣս˭ҲԸԼȱơ˱ѾûκãֻĲɱ
ͨĶԾҲǾսļս
Ȼŷ磬𶯣̲סˡ
ǣ˫ֻµĹ켣һµĹͶԷս
Ѿ˶ԷݣһȽǿߣ޵²ᳬ꣬Ѿﵽ˴Ѿ磬֮УˣѪȣսⰺ쳣ǿƣһ޵еţҪѹŷ硣
һս콾ۣŷ粻·硣
ڶԷϣս졣
㵽ǺˣԷڿˣŷʵ
ϵĶȴûͣǼ֣µķ
ŷû˵Ըˣֻһְ취ԷˡڵԼѯʣڳ֣Ҫѹ
ֻظ֣λһУУŷҪ˲ƿһһ
磬ֻѾݻ˼ޣĿԴֻأƿ
ȻͬһǿߣҪɫֻ̫ˡ
ǵ۵ķ͵
ǣŷ߳һ·Լ֮䳬Խ˵ۡ
ۡǸǿ߿ڣĿȣսǿҡ
Լʵֻأͨһ˲ȫסֻء
𡣡
ŷһֶϻ꣬ﵽ磬λ־ѹԷ
Ǹǿһģ֮ϳһƣһը
Ѫһܵ˿µشһ㱻ٵ
侲ŷ֮УȻս졣
ǲܵġǸǿ˵ƴͬ죬λ֮лص
ѪУ¡¡죬һ˲޸塣
ŷƽĿŶԷٴγ֡
ʵնƹŽδ˺Ǻӣֱ¡
Ǹǿ߱ɣˣ·磬мܡ
ԱˣҲлᣬǰȴǹŷ硣ڣֻҪѹ·磬û˿Գƣתս
ʱҲһǸǿڱ˰֮УڹŷĵλʱҲˡѹ
̺֮ŭٴվһϱջɽǺӳƬƬϨ𣬴ը飬ȫϨʧȥ
һǿߵŭǿľ
ĿɿڴǴǿߵѾ˲֪Զһըǹŷսʱӳһ⣬УѾನˡ
ˡŷ絭˵ֻ֣ȴǸǿ߸о裬۾ͨ졣
˵ĺܷ̣ո˵Լܵģͱŷɣûм֮
Ϊɱ˵ģΪ̸ӦÿԸоҲɱ㣬ĻѾһˡŷ絭˵һ㶼ûй˼ɶԷӡ
ȻȴûбҪơ
ɱҡǸǿ˵
ŷһӾͳǸǿߵϣЦ˵ɱ㣬ףȻ۷ʱʮ֮ڣҲԸɱ㣬ûǸҪΪŹͬĵˡ
ɫǸǿߡ
ҾɱһһŮӣɫսۣ̫ͬһҫۣ߰ǿߣȫǴѣʵǿ
ŷЦˣʳһ仰Ҫһ²
ҪǲĻɳ֡ŮҲǿơ
ֻǣȻû뵽ʱ򣬹ŷ綯ˡ


2417 ĺ
ûκԥŷĲ˼飬һŲȥ
ȻͬǿߣǴʱ·磬ȻͲǹŷĶ֣û뵽ŷ羹ȻĸҶ֡
˲䣬Ǹ˾ͱУը飬Ѫģ
˱ɫ˭û뵽ŷ羹ȻĸҶ֣˹ϣһͷϵ֮еһˡ
⻹ǽ
ֻظ֣ƿһУŷ罫ǸǿУҪֻء
ʱдǿߵɫˣЦıֻصĻʹˡ
٣֮޾²ųֵһۣΪˣҲδܳҲҪʹ˷ϵˡ
ʶһ㣬˶ˡͷǸŮӣϻƽţŷ֣ҪǸǿ߾ȳ
ǹŷЦֻǿһۣǸǿߣԶȥ
ֻ𶯣Ǹֻ֮С
ס֡ʱ˶ˡ
Ǵϣŷס֡
ŷЦһĿɨˣ˵ҿɸҳ֣
Ƿʣһ衣Ǹղŵ˼ǹŷ粻ҳ֣ڣŷȴжǣԼҳ֣ɱˡ
˭Ҳ˵ֻǸƽս׵Ůӣԥһ£˵ˣº
Ǻǣʵŷ˵ܲĻһڣ˱ɫ
һ־޴裬ȫԱ˵ˡ
мĿ䣬ڹŷϣ벻һеĳ֡
ŷеǸǿ֮ǻǳס֮еӼǿߣпܴɵľ磬ܹ¡
ɱҡǸǿŭоͱΪԼһ˵ԭܵ衣
Ϊһ۷ǿߣ޵ߣ޷ܵģҪܡ
ȻףһϧɡŷƲ죬˵
Ȼɱˣֻһ壬ʶԼʵ
ŷ粻һʼʱǾ;ԼǵˡûдŵЩȴֱӳ֣ùŷ綼Щˡ
ȻĻҲôԵ
ǽ˵ģŷ粻ҪϵŪø
Ǹǿ߱ŷ赭дĻŪòһѪݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣû˵
ȻñҲĲΪԼ֮ʲôãʹɳΪɵĴڣΪһ޵ߣҲ㹻סܶˡ
ԣǸǿ߲ȻΪҲȥ
ǿߣ֪Ϊ˺Ϊеģл˵ƽս׵Ůӿڣڿʼ
֮ǰֻҪŷһʵϣҪѣǸҪ򡣶׵ƿ֮У֮£ҪõĶˡ
ǰ̬ȣʡĶˣŷ絭һЦ
Ļһ˵ЩЩ죬ǰҪŷһȻ̬ȣһӼǿڹŷУǲЭС
ʱѾ͵겻һˣǿĲ࣬޵߸޼
ŷſǸǿߣȫϢǻһϣһѲԼ
ָоЩǿ߶ǺüͷЩҲ޿κΣΪǹŷϣΪûйϵûзųԼϢ۵ǣȴ쳣ľˡ
ֻ˵֮л͵޵ߣ֪ǣƽս׵Ůӿʵ
ŷ翴һۣһЦ˵˾ۡ
ųۣɲǵǸۣڴ֮УҳƵۺͻʵģ޵ߡ
ŷ磬Ȼųۣǡ
Щ֪ŷһʼͳƺۣϰˣȻҲͲŸˣûеôа
ǽۣ꣬ʲô飿꿪ڣֺͨȴһͨˡ
ʵǿȻǰ͹ŷսǸ޵ߣҲв磬Ķ֡
ڹŷ磬ʱ򣬷ǳݣǺܵġ
ϴŵЦݣû˵˵飬ָһ·˵ҴԼĸ׵ġ
Щ߹𲻴ǰǴѡңĸҲֻδ
ԼĸףмģֻǺԼĸദʱ䲻󲿷ʱ䣬ǺԼĸദġ
ϵѪҺϤ꿪ڣЩɻ
ĺӡʱǰ͹ŷսǸ޵߿ڣ˵˷ݡ
𣬾Ȼ˶Ŀꡣ
һͻȻһֲõԤС
ĸ׳ˡ꿪ڣ˵Ļʱ÷ɫס


2418 ҿԾ
ɫûһѪɫʵʲô⣬һ⣬ĳˡ
ǵɫĸ׵״̬벻Ǻܺá
ô£˵ǹŷʵġ
ЩۣԼòƲѰɣȻŷǰ֮ĹϵҲֻǸռѡ
ڣǳ˷Ĵˡ
ѩʱ߻ħҪˣҷӡ국˵֮Щˡ
ĸǸ͹ŷս޵ͻȻڣѷ
һĸ޵ߣȻԼĸ
ѩҵŮû뵽ŮѾΪˡ̾ɫ֮Щꡣ
ŷһ£û뵽֮仹һϵ
ĸվһ߲˵ˣⶼǱ˼ҵ飬ŷҲܲ
ĸףоȹϣ𣿡Сʵ
ɫ֮дŵǣ̺űˣõϢ
Ұ취ǻûҵǳ⣬ֻʣһʶסһԣĶɢķǳףȻþֶΣҲûа취ȻȻ˵
ŮҪԼŮˣˡ
ǣΪһ޵ߣ£ȴһ취ûС
ģǱ֤һʶ𣬵ȵԺ󣬿ûа취
ֻǣҲףһǶûа취οԺ
ǹŷоһԥһ£ǿˣҿԾ
˵Ŀ⣬˹ŷϡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˵Ļ
ܡֱӷ񶨣һԥûС
Ȳ˵ˣŷȻʵǿ󣬵ֶȴδ࣬Ȼˣ϶ǾȲ˵ġ
ԣڹŷĻһ㶼š
Ϊʲôô϶ŷ絭ʵ
ȻȻ˵Լе뷨ĻδЩ̫ԴˣȻڽУҲֻǲĴ𰸡
Լ˶ǿ𣿡ŷܵ޵߿ڣĿЩ䡣
ŷĿһ£˵ǡ
㣿Ǹ޵ߴŭ۾Ҫ֡
Ȼ֪ԼǹŷĶ֣裬ǾЩܲˡ
ʲôŷͬ۾ǲˬȻһԼʵ
ǿߣ֪ǿ󣬵սûйϵ꿪ڣֹסǸ޵ߵĻͷ
Ҳ֪˵ҿԾǼȻţǾˣҲûйϵŷʼ磬һ⡣
ЦȻԷԸˣȻҲųˡ
㣬Ⱦҵĸס߹ʶŷǿ󣬶ڹŷ磬һĪΣ֪ŷĺҲֶοԾԼĸס
ҲȣʵһˣֻЩ˲Ҿˡŷ翴˽һۣν˵
ֻһʱ˶˵ҲûʲôͬŷԼ˵һԼûйϵ
ǿһĵӣŷͲῪڡ
ԷǱ˰ˣվǵˣŷûбҪȥƨɣԼһˡ
ŷ绰ЩĬŹŷ磬ʵĿԾҵŮ
ŲšŷƲ죬Ͳں
Ǻݺݵĳ鴤һ£֪ŷˡ겢⣬ԼѾˡ
ò׷һģԷԼģ˭᲻ˬ
ҵŮ˵
Ļ˱ɫЩһȫ̲סҪֹ
԰
ǰһǿ߰ء
ǺܲŹŷ磬Ҳͼ˰֮䣬ͲǺơ
ƿ򣬽ǿ߷˻ȥ˫˲֪٣˰֮䣬ֱǳƺ׳֣ǿ϶
Ҫǰģնɱһܱɱһ˺ðɣŷָָǸ޵ߡ
ŷĻǸ޵ˣݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣȴòϣŷ˵ȷʵʵ顣
ãͬˡȻӦˡ
ĻҶ죬ʲôû˵
Ͼǿߣ쵼ҪεģŮʸľ
òҪʲôõͼŷܵ޵˵
ŷ翴һۣһص⣺ʲô֣
Էһ£֪ŷʲô˼ԥһ£˵ҫ
²֪֮ҫУǵݡŷһ˵
ҫˣһﻹܹһ


2419 
Ҳڷˣǰˣʵǿ󣬶˵Ҳǳ˭ҲҲ졣
򲻹Ҳ˵ҪĽ࣬ǶЩͬҫˡ
ҫɫڣݺݵĵ˹ŷһۣԲһ쵰а뵽
ŷ³һ磬ᴩ޾δ֪ŷһʱףЩ˲λ浱Уһ൱ĲãҲҲǡ
Ļ׳֣µЩˣǾͲǶ֣͵ס
λӵһǽСŷһָоԼЩλ֮ĸӦú΢ȻЩ˿϶ֶΣһ㣬ǿӦЩλ档
һΰĹÿһ֮Уһǿߡ
ϸһŷ级Ȼķ֣Щһϰ
𶯣˰ʵȷʵǿϰٸǿߣȻڵҲûôࡣ
⻹Ǳ˰ڽ֮ۻǿߣ֪˰ȫʢʱǿߵж١
ǿǾһ˵֡
˰˾ηŷ翪ڣ˵Լĸ̾
˹ŷһۣ국һЦ֪ŷ϶𾪡
Щʵ˰ȫʢʱһ롣국˵
˻һŷ̲סһ
˰̫ǿˣԶԶԽֻǲ֪ڤȣ˰ô
Ҫ֪ڤڴս֮ǰǺųλġ
λ֮У˰ڶڤһֻһڤѹƱ˰ڤֲ̫ˣΨһһս׵λ档ǲµ˹ŷ뷨̾˵
ŷб⣬ڤȻǿΨһսƿصλ棬Ҳ̫ǿˡ
ڤ֮ǰйһսòǺ׵Ĵսɣŷ뵽һֿܡ
˹ŷһۣ꾹Ȼͷ϶˹ŷĲ²⡣
׽٣֪ʲôطǣֻڤסףʯ٣λ棬ǱٵǱˣ˰Ϊǿ֮УĨɱλסֻһ𡣡̾
Ȼеסߣһλ潵־
أŷͻȻʶһ⡣
Ȼеλ棬һףӦҲвŶԣʱ򣬶뵲ס֮ǸײŶԡ
ŷĻҫһЦЦ
ŷתһۣ˵øһĽͣȻĻҴ
Ц̶ܴܲˬԣŷҪˡ
ڶԷĵ̡ŷҪֵĻͲںһ㡣
ҫɫһЦʱȷʵһλ棬ȴСЩûһȤû׽֮УҲǵɡ
ͲмҲһ㼵ʡ
Ǳ˰û׽ٵĻҲͲùˡ
ǺǣСҪСĻôǴܵأŷ粻м˵
ҫɫһЩŹ֣ЦЦ˵еһЩ벻ֻҪף뿪ȷʵΪսԭ򣬵Զе
ɫ֮дһɱģʲôһ
ŷ粻֪Ƕʱʷ֪п϶Щ⡣
ȻеʣҲսЩˣ˰Ĵ̫ˡ
֪ǿ϶һ̫õʷܲпᡣ
ֻ֪ڱ˰ˡŷƲƲ죬һм
˵˵ҫͲţùŷ˵ѡ
ǿߣҪ֣ʵ̫ˣȱ˰ǿ߻Ҫࡣȥ׵أһλսģǴѡ
˰ǿȻһ棬Ȼơ
Ƿչʵ̫ˣʹƽľ飬ҲԶԶ
ԣǲŻڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣôĴǿߡ򣬿϶һ㡣
ôбҪƭ𣿡ŷƲ죬м˵
ҫץ񣬶ݺݵĶŹŷ磬ֱҪһùŷ̫ɶˣɶˡ
Ҫ˵ˡͷЩ˵
ҫű죬˸ɫ
ŷһʱˣҫԽ뷨ȻĻҲ޵ߣȻʵ꣬ҲûбҪƴӡ
ֻǣ֪ɷϲһѾŵˣҫζҲǱȽصġ
Ȼʿ䣬ôᣬһ뻹̲סŤ
ŷҫһĴָʾ塣
ҫЩԺ֪ŷʲô˼üͷ˹ŷһۡ
ŷһ̲סаһ׳ա
ûжԶ˽һУŷһȥ㿴һ֮УԼɼһӰ


2420 ѩָ
ǽѩŮҲǷĸף۾֮дˮԼĸףĳ״̬ǳ⣬ֻʣһʶˡ
ĸסһҪȥ˵ԼĸףЩĿ˹ŷһۣŷͷųȥ
꿴˹ŷһۣЩŵʵԾ𣿡
ŷһʵҪ滰Ǽٻ
˻һɫͿһ˵кý
˵׵дʧ
ҫĿ˹ŷһۣ˵ȻͲҪϣ
ΪʧˡǵŮӣҪȻĻҲά
ŷ翴һۣ̲סһۣһû˵أ֪ҾȲˣ
ղŵĻǸ˼ҫЦһһм
Լ˹ŷ磬ûǸѣڻǿ磬ֻΪ˲ѡ
Ļñӹŷ硣
ûǸ£ȴ˵Ĵ󻰣Ȼţֱ̫ˡ
ǰ׳һû˵أ֪ʲô˼ŷһӡ
ŷĻҫһ£ѵԼˡ
ٴλ˹ŷĻôҲ˵ԾΡ
˵ܾܲΣʵ
ҲŹŷ磬һڴӡ
Ҳƭ㡣ŷ̾Ϣһ
Цһ⻰Ѿʲô˼
Ϊ´㡣ŷٴοڣ⻰ȴýסˡ
´ܲйϵ
ܿˣΪŷһӵ˵ô򵥵⣬ȻôΪѣػ˰ǿߵ̡
⻰һ˵ҫˣһ㶯֡
ɫҲÿˣһ˰ӣһֱϵˣܲˡ
ǲЩ˹ŷ˼С⣬ڹŷ˵㲻ʲô
ĸס˵Źŷ磬һڴ
򵥣ÿŷ絭һЦ
׼ˣҪʲôʱ䡣
ÿһߵĽ꣬Ҫѯһµģŷ͡
ĳŷаգ˵ûе¡
ýЩ˼飬˵ûа취ýѩָþֶҲС
ŷʵܸߣҲһ޵ߣ˵ԵĻе㲻˼ˡ
֮Ҳû޵ߣǶ
ŷֱ֣ǸһʶͣɢҪɢˡ
󺰵û뵽ŷôֱӣֱɱѩ
һʶ֮󣬽ѩͳ״ˡ
û˿Խѩһ޵ҲС
ŷ翴һۣǳ졣
һɫĹ⣬Žѩʶʶڿٵȶ
ҽ֮ҽ֮ѩʶȻڲͣ׳
ôܣҫԾ
ŷ羹Ȼƽѩʶûɢһ׳ˡ
ټ֡ŷƲƲ죬һġ
ҫɫͨ죬ʵ̲סԾʲôټ֣ǿߣҲһŶԡ
ֻʣһʶɢ
ǿ컯һ黯ʶȴ޷һʶȻ
ŷ˫ֽӡھζԷ
ʱ򣬽ѩʶȶ
һԪ񡣡ŷ綯ôֶΣȻǸʶ컯һԪ
Ԫ֮УƵĲȻдѵľ硣
ҫǳԾŷѵҪѩʵָ۷ʱ
ҪĻǾ̫˼飬Ҫ֪ѩ֮ǰһѣȻ޵ߣҪһˣһʶָ۷״̬ҲǲܵģкķѵĺԪһ޵߶Ųס
ŷȴһ㶼ںģһЦԪӿ˹ûԷ֮С
ѩɱ䣬ѪͬʱſµĲ˵˼㡣
ʶգԪپۣѪѩ˹ڴ˵һѵ쳣ǿ
ŷ絭һЦֹͣԼֶΡ
ʱ򣬽ѩӣµĹ⣬֮мͨŽ
ƽĿЩãȻΧļˣ֪һЩʲô
ĸףѹˣ˵˹ȥһѱס˽ѩ
ѩãȻĿ˷һۣǸûϳ
ʱȴ¶һĨϲɫĸףûˡһΪѩǵԼˣȴѹûκβĸоȻǻָˡ
ԣѩԵúܼѷԼĸ߹ȥ


2421 Ӧ
㶣Ȼһί
ҲǿЦãԼŮһۣû˵ѾͷԼŮʶ𣿡
ѩһ£ԼŮҿһֹۣŷеģȻŽעڷϡ
󣬽ѩ뵽ʲôһɴ۾һĽڻУ˵˵ҵŮ찡ôˣ̫ˡ
ܼĺܿġ
ȴЩᣬԼĸ׷һע⵽ԼģˣԼĸ׻ָ˷Ҳûˡ
ԼС죬һɫ
ѩһЦҲܹоĲղûע⡣
û뵽ûйȥãԼŮȻҲ졣
ҪĸҲû뵽Ծûע⡣ѩ˵еǸ⡣
Լĸ׵ǸžС죬˵ͷԭˡ
㸸أô𣬾ˣѩЩʵǲĲŶԣĴѽ
ֻǣҪһЩУʵе㲻˼顣
Ǿ۴ҽġ˹ŷһۡ
ʱ򣬽ѩſ˹ŷ磬֮оһ¶һĨ⡣ˣ
ѩҲǳǷڵһʱо˹ŷĵϸ
ĶˣҾ㡣ŷ絭˵
ܹоѩĵ⣬ȴںǷǳƽĽһ
һ£ѩԼĸһۡ
ͷȷʵǾ۴ġ
ﲻһ𣿲׼˽Ҳܱ֪ѩüͷ
ǣǾҪɷˡЩƵ˵
ԼǸŮǵ󣬾Ȼľͽܸ˱ˣǸ˻ǵĵˡ
Ȼܺܣغ̫޴ˣһŷлĵĻܸףǶҪ
ѩף϶Լɷ˵˳ȥ¶Цݣ˵Ǿûʲôˣ컹ǱȽϿ׵ģҸλλһŵĵط
ɱһѲʹ˵
Ļ̲סһǺ֮ƺȴ׶֡ЩѲʹҲҶΪһע⣬ͱ١
ʱ׳ֱ֣Ĩɱǣ˭ҲӲ
Ѳʹ˵Ŀ˵ǱܵĴηһִڡ
ŷɱһѲʹ֮Ҳ˿ǴʱҲһŷһĨ𺳡
ҳ֣ʱҫŷҲЩӣٶǵ⡣
ˣҪɱһȺѲʹǵֳ̫ĶǰһӲŷ絭˵
ţʵ
ŷĻ˵˿ɣʵ˾š
ĸףҲǹŷ㣬ֶκڣ˵ŷνѩ顣
ѩЩ𾪣һ۹ŷ磬̾˵ȻΪۣؽԶԶԽǡ
ʣǽѩŮˣŷΪһǿˡҪ֪ɲһʿһѣͱ˰֮䷢ͻ֮е
ֻǲ뿴һģҲĸˡŷ翴˷һۣȻԷҲȹŷСԲ죬ʿ֮УҲȷʵ˵Ǻˡ
дȱĳʲôĿģǶӦѩֱ˵
⻰ýҫǿЦãôܹô
ĸףҫǾһˣƭѩһۡ
лŷ΢Ц
ѩ֮дһĨ̾ǴԸ;ѩȽҪǿˡ
ǽѩ˵ĻšҫЦ˵
ѩǻۣ֮ǳģÿԺǾͿ϶
ʵϣΪʲôѩôأֻʣһʶˣҶԸΪѩľϷǳ׼ȷ
Ҳš국˵
ͷˣȻˣǾͱʾˡ
ԺǾˡѩЦ˵ԼС֡
ŷ綼û뵽չľȻô죬֣ͽѩһ¡
һЦԷеϧ
ȻҿΪҽ׵ʲôŷоһˣѯʡ
׵ʲôŷ⡣
һ˵ĵжǿ󶼲£µ㲻֪Ǹ˵˭
ʲô֪ŷãڵ״̬
֮ж׸Ͳ˽⣬ǲλĴڡ꿪ڣΪŷͣʼˡ


2422 
λĴڣŷһ£ŵͷʾ˵
ǰǿ˵ǻλ֮һطλ飬һеһС˵ɫ֮¶ĺȻ
ŷüͷпһеĶ֪Լòš
Ļνף޵ˣûбҪ⣬Ϊľʹ򲻹
һж׵ƿ֮У̫ˡ
ǣŷؾһ
ǣҲǡͷȻҡͷ
ŷ絹Щɻ⵽ǻǲǡ
ǿĺǿ󣬵ǲǸطһֶѣЩǰƶϣǸطʲô⣬ȻЩʵֻǸطƬɵģλ֮УʶҪΪǸطռĵزǿʼƿظλ棬ͬʱ͸λǿ߷ս໥սֻΪ׳Լһ˵
ȻȻ˵ۣǹŷȴãġ
νǿߣô˵Ķࡣ
ҪζԸŷʵ
˹ŷһۣЦһ˵ֱڣٱ˰֮лûҳԸ׵İ취ֻܹʵȵպ취ˡ
Ҳûа취ŷĿ˽һۣܾû˵ʵ
ŷҲ޻˵Ͼ֮ǰǵˣȻνĽˣǿ϶е㲻һġ
Ǿģûʲô˵ġ
Уǲܹʱڸλ֮Уλ֮ʱ䳤˾ͻɢعأôѵѪ⣬һֵҩ׳λ֮Сԥһ£Ǹ˹ŷһϢ
ŷһɱѵԭ򣬾ȻΪά塣˵Ļǽλ֮УͿɱˡ
ǿ˹ŷ뷨Цסףɱ򵥣Ҫ֪׵ʵǸ޷󼰣Ҳ˵ûа취ֻܹȵʵ㹻ʱ򣬲ȥɱס
ŷͷһϧɫ
֪ˣڸˣԺҪ׶ֵʱǰ϶ŷ翪ڣһŵԡ
һϲͷģлˣʱ϶֪ͨңʲô仯һһʱ֪ͨ򡣡
ţǰѰۣΪָ·ŷ˵ĿģѾﵽˡ
ףһЩ˽⣬ҲһЩɻ
ŷûʣ˵һѾǲˣٶ˵Ļ϶ش𣬼ȻԼһ㣬Եý
ˡ
ŷ֡
һʧڼ˵ǰ
һ£¶Ȼɫ۾˵뿪ˣ
ʲô༸Ҳ𾪡
죬ȻǣҪ뿪ҲǺסǲŵҪֳ޴ĶҲܹ뿪
ǹŷȴ׵һ㣬Ƶ
һ˾ηǿߡ̾
ҫڣ뷨ŷ˾η
ʱŷճλ棬һɿµУֱӴһδ֪Ŀռ䡣
ŷһɫˣһµǿߣпǸԶ֡
ĻȻǼ޵һ֣ҲĽŷ
ãһμ棬ûŵɡһһʵ
ŷ͵תһӣӺǱʯǳһͬ棬˿ͷ
ϣŷӦһֿµϢڣȻûбȴ˵˼㡣
ڴŶԷԷҲ
ʱ䣬ŷŵһڡʵǺˣ
ڻûʸҵݡӿڣƽȴùŷһĸо
ʲôûʸݣһｫԼʲôˣ
ŷû˵ֱʩչֻأɱȥ
Ǹ΢΢Щ⣬˵ͷ˵е˼
Ļ䣬һֵֻȥֻײ
ʱ򣬹ŷ级ȻĿֻը飬㾧Өʧ֮С
Է̫ǿˣʵԵѹƹŷ磬ȫ޽⡣
ʶһ֮󣬹ŷˣˣٴʵ㵽˭
üͷӣŸֲ²⡣
Ȼŷٲ²⣬Ҳû뵽˵ݡ
˵һЦ˵ҽס
˻һŷֱȻĶŶԷЩˡ
סȻԼץǰŷɫأɫѿãԼҪˣҪɱˣɲ


2423 
ŷûκԥֱӳ֡
ȻףҲҪһսԴС
̾һ˵Զ֮Ĳࡣ
Ļһ䣬ŷǰЩȫˣ޷ϡ
ʲô
ŷ΢΢ɫûκԥֱһȭ˳ȥµѪѹȥ
¡¡죬ǬŶߵˣ˿µһȻһ޵ߣҲӲ
㻹ǲסŷ緢Լһסˡ
һǿ󣬺ܿ£ûнӴһһеһУַ·ֻһԣǾƿء
֮ŷһбһ⡣
׵ͷ˵֮һУΪƿԱס
ΣɣһСŷ糤Х֮Ѫڣе˼ޡ
ը飬ͬһ㡣
˿̣ȻӶԼսȭԷ
һ̣ǿµģԼʵӵޣսָﲻơ
һȭˣһȭƿأҡŷ̫£ս˺ѹŽƶսȭѪҪǰס
ˣײ˼֮Уһȭϡ
׵ˣȴûܵʲô˺
Źŷ磬֮Щ˼顣
ʱ򣬹ŷ˺ûټ֣Ŀ⾼ŶԷϳš
Ӵִ֪֮ڵĿ£ͬʱŷҲףײǲսʤֻҪ㹻ǿͬԱܡ
ŶԷ䱸һСģ׿סˡ
ԹŷڵʵֻҪСĽ䱸Ҫߣⲻġ
ĺǿҲǣϧԶ׵Ķ֡׿ڣ˵Ļûм֣̾Ϣһ
ŷЩ⣬еЩһ
Էûм֣ڸ̾
ͻȻһֺܾ˵뷨ǰףǱ˰֮еǸףһס
㵽ʲôˣŷʵ
ס׵˵
ԲǱ˰סŷЦ˵Լжϣһ⣬׵˵֪ģ
һЩ棬Źŷ磬Ҫһ
˰Ǽң϶һʱɱңҷϻˣ˵Ǵ󲹣ҲвҪɱҡŷŵ˵ȻҩЩŤǹŷȴ֪֡ҡˣǲࡣ
̫߹ԼҲС׿ڣ˵֤ʵ˹ŷĲ²⡣
ŷо˸ףʵ˵ײܹҵˣ㵽ģ
նԼľ磬˵ףֲˡ˵ɫЩӡ
ײܹܹס˰һֱɱ¾ѣΪ˻ͬʱҲΪ˲նԼľ硣
ȻӵһеȴûʵˣԺ䡣׿ڣȻ˵һ֡
䣬˵׵ľ𣿹ŷ絭ĵ˵ͷ
ʲôŷʵ
俴˹ŷһۣҡҡͷɫ֮ЩʧұΪҵһԿ˰׵ˣ֣·ߴˣȻߵҲ޷֮ȣԣҺʧ
ҡͷ̾Ϣһʧɫ
ŷ絭һЦȴ롣
㲻Ҳף־粻ġҡͷתӣ˵ˡ
֮䣬мĴڣŷѯʡ
һˣɱңںڽ֮УҲʮ꣬ͿԳΪˣһˣʱ򣬾ڰûһǽһлᣬ˶̾Ϣ˵
ںأŷĿ⾼
俴˹ŷһۣ˵ܣѾǸ磬ȻҿԽӴǸطҲ޷ںϣΪˣǸʱҵǿԿλתķչ
ڽͣǲϣΪǲܵ顣
û˿ɱ˱˰ףǿĴڡ
úأһ쵱оʱҪ֡ŷ˵̤꣬գ뿪
Źŷ뿪ķĿ䣬֪ЩʲôΣɱ𣿡
̾Ϣһ뿪
ŷ̤λϣص֮С
ջص֮Уŷ͸оһɲһ
ž˵ɱǿսּǿǿߡ
һȥӰλ߻ļսȫսѪĵز


2424 
ŷһ䣬Ϊˣڼս֮Уǵʡ⼸ˣǱˣǹǡ
Ρֻһ绪Ůӣǳ֣ɱʣеӣҲС
뿪ʱ䲻ȴ飬ŷüͷ
ףԼ˻ǶˣĳˣȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ȴں͹ս
ΣϽÿûǵ顣۴ɫĮŹΣɱ졣
˵ǳȴͣΣҪѹ
·磬ս粻ãȻǿﵽ˵磬֮£Щࡣ
ֻǣܼͣס˵۵Ĺеİ˿ס˵۵Ĺɱ
ھݻʣһŮӼսѡ
ֻǿƣսӣʵ൱ʩչµֶΣȫڼҵ档
ŮǿߣΪҪɱʵ
֪ŮǺˣȴԸоԷҲǿߣҶûһ⡣
һˣӦŶԡ
һˣÿֻɱܹ׵ƿء˵ǿƣԸ֣ʩչͨɨˡ
γХսﵽ˼ޣƴɱԷ
һֿµı֣ر飬Ǭŵߵˣײ﷢ը
ȴվǵ۵Ķ֣һ㣬ȾѪˣȻˡ
ŷ粻ֱͣӳ֣ɱ˳ȥ
һȭ£Ǭ𶯹Žδ
ǿ۴ʱҲɫܵһ޷ܵĿ˶ɫء
˫ֽӡͨʩչֻս̺ķᴩ̺һ򣬺͹ŷײ
ըµĲ
ʩչ۷״̬ܣǴʱȴ޷ѹס˹ŷ磬ĺˣ
ŷĳ֣ʱƽľ棬ͬ磬ŵۣһɱ⣬䵽˼㡣
ҰָҸ׵ġŷ˵Ǻܿŵۣɱ졣
ɫ΢΢ЩΣκˣԴݣȥɱ
Թŷ磬ȴ޷ݣͬŷ˵һǹŷָģ˭ںȴܹںŷĿ
뵽ԼĿģ۵ıһգ˵Ϊ򡣡
ΪɱԼǿߣЦһǵһ˵ݻʣҲס֣ȻĻ顣ŷޱȣݻʾ档
ݻʺǸŮӲһͬʱˣɫ쳣ӡ
˭Ҳû뵽ŷ羹Ȼôεʱ֮ھͻع顣ǻûоʤõۺ;ݻʺЩơ
Ƕһۣ֪鷳ˡ
ǵʵվһ㣬ǹŷ粻һҲǸĴڣһսٲܡ
һˣ뱾ƾеս֮Уǿ϶ס
ǲŷһĽҪд鷳ˡ
ҲµĲĻλӦǻˣ֪ΪʲôҪɱŷŮӣ³Էݡ
һܴŮӣڲ꣬˵ۺͻʶУΪߵ̫ˡ
һ˵ͻϣ̤һ磬ΪһεĴڡû˿סһϢʴҲû˻ᶯͷ
ɫӣžݻʺ͵ˣɫ֮ѾһЩȻ
ǳ֣û˲䶴ϤһЩ飬ܲ
һЩ飬бعϲã˲䱻ŭ
ͬʱҲǹǣѾһˡʹʵǿҲܳܵסۺ;ݻ˵Ĺ
޵ߣһʱ£֮µǿߡ
֣֮ûɱˡ
ûʲô飬ֻҪףΪɱġ۵˵Ǳ䡣
ŷ翴һۣͻȻȵұ졣
ܲˬ˵ĻҲһ㶼
ɫڣҲףŷӣȻˣǲ͹ŷһսòҪ˵
ۿܣǵȴ޷ܣ˵ʲôˣҵǰֻһϰˣҪҰ㣬ôֳɾͣû뵽㾹ȻҺҸ˵ҾӦһһ㡣
֮˸ź⣬ĶŹŷ磬һɱ⣬ȻǶԹŷ˵⡣
ΪݵģԼĸףԼĸܵκ˵裬ڵһʱͱˣǳŷ磬ڱ
ŷֻɨһۣȻһĳȥ˵Һ㸸˵ء


2425 Ҫɱ
Ӻεȸ߰ǻǱķ˳ȥĿɭ䣬Źŷ磬һɱ⡣
ֱӳ֣ŷչ˹
ȻҲ֪ŷǺԼһĴڣʱȴ֤ܲԼʵ
ס֡
۱ɫӲȴ֪ŷĺǿ󣬾ϣҲ˵϶ʤ
ʵǿ޾£һΪѣͽ޵ߵУƾˡ
ǣֻǺͱȣŷԱĶࡣ

ŷЦֻһָͷѹ䣬㵹һѹڵӵϣֱӽ˳ȥ
ӳХɫ֮г˲ޡըѣһˡ
ֻһУ㱻ܣǹŷĶ֡
˵һֺܴĴӹŷ磬ڣȴǹŷĶ֣סŷһ
ŭŹŷ磬۾һˡ
ԼսڱҪԼƵһµĸ߶ȣҪ͹ŷ粫
ˡ
۴ǳ⣬ȻʩչҲǹŷĶ֣ղֻһν֣֮Ĳ࣬Զ׼ġ
һ£ҪԼĬˣվҪˡ
˵СòҪ졣ŷЦǲ
Ǻݺݳ鴤ĿȻЩڣӦնɱŷŶԵġ
ŷ磬㵽Ҫôüͷʵ
ŷһĨЦŵۣ˵ҵҪ֪ҪôҵĸףǸŮӵʲôˣΪʲôҪ֣
ŷʣõЩ˵
˵ġǹŷգȴͶԷĸսе˵ȥ
ңŮӵݣŷѾ³ˣֻûѡ
ŷ磬кܶණ㲻֪ģֻϣ㲻ҪǡݻʿڣɫЩӣȴŮһۡ
Ůɫƽ۾ȴǳ
û뵽Լع֮󣬾Ȼһ
ģ֮дű
ұĲ֪ȴ֪ŮӦþǻɣ޵ߣ˵ĺѣΪʲôǻṥŷЦ
ֲʲôСӣĻҪûκá
ͷԣʵŷ綼֮¡
Ϊ򡣡˵
˵һۡŷЦˣֻЦȴǳط̣һǵһ˵Ϊ˱Լļ԰ɱԼһ޵߾ˣҪĻ˰Ͳ׵ˡ
ŷȥ˱˰һǷǳҪȻĻҲʱ
ֻǣõۺͻû뵽ǣǳ֣ȻסǵĹûгɹ
֪Ϊʲôˣ֮͸εİˡ
ЩΣֻǵ۵ɫȴǳᣬ˵Ȼ֪ˣ㻹ѡҪ֪Ϊһˣûʲô
ᣬ˵Ļ͸һĸо
˵ǻԽܣŷ綼ˬˡãΪһˣҪһŮԼȥȫǣֱ̫ˡ
٣ŷ뷨Ҳ޷Ϊ뷨ʹǸŮ˵ʵǿ˵֮Ĵڡ
ƨŷͻȻһָŵ۵ıӣŭӵһ֪㾹ȻҪ֪˵Ļֱһ㣬Բ㣬ڳһû̹ȻĻҴܹ
˵Щŷת˵ģڣֲһŮȥҪҪ򲻹λ涼һŮ˸ҹŷ
֮дһţŲɵζ
ûЩݣĿ˹ŷһۣȴû˵
ȻѾϳ˹ŷ磬Ҳ֪ŷ粻ǵۣǹŷı֣ȴǼ
ˣأȵۺͻʶҪǡ
ȻҲ͹ŷʵйϵһʵǿڻǰ˵ֻ϶ᱻɵһ
ŷ磬㹻ûУ˵ˣΪ򣬲ΪģϽÿǺ㶯֡ŭ˵
мŷǲǴӹŵʲôʱָűŷ˵ǵһ
ԣҲˣЩŭ˵š
ŷЦˣһСĴָʾԷˡ
֣һ㶼ģʵ߶ռơ
ƲԳԷƣ֡ҲЩŭˣȻѡ֡
˳֣һǵ棬һ컯죬ǾȻ˵ǣؼʱ̣ǳ˳
סŷ磬ɱǵ˵׼Զ֣ɱ
ۣ̫Сҹŷˡŷ𣬴һ˿Цž˵Ĳм


2426 ۰
ݻʳ֣Ҫסŷ硣
ǽȴ˶Ծŷ籬Բ˼ٶȣݻʸˡ
۶ûзӦŷͳ嵽ǰ
䡣
ǿµһȭ磬۴˹ȥ
۵һʱӦַסһȭȻһХչ˷
ŵһۣ޵еǿߣôԸⱻѹƣȻǹŷҲС
ߣԵҲȻһݴȣǸӸҡ
ȻŷǺ֮㣬ųۣʵǿ˾ߣҲһΪԼڹŷ磬Ҫսѹ
һսҪ֣ŷ磬ܵۺͻǡ
ߵʵѾ˺ĶԱȣۺͻߵʵŷǣһս˿϶ǡ
ڣһ㶼ģŷع飬ѹƵۺͻǣûһ
ãҽҪѵһ֪Ϊʲôô졣ŷתǲҪ֣Ҫһ˴սۣ׻

Цһм
ŷ翴һۣһ𣬿
˵ˣСӲҪ֮ĻѵûмԣһЦһõ
۾ˣݺݵŹŷ磬ΣΪĲǹŷĶ֡
ңιŷѵĸܵ˹ŷ˫ʵǿ󣬿µĲ
Ӷһֲ˼뷨ԼĸףһǹŷĶ֡
뷨һЩ˼飬Ҫ֪ǿǵۣĸףһ޵еĴڣûж֣νףλ֮УҲԴˡԣԼ޵С
ʱĶҡˣΪŷ̫ʵֱס
ǽսһֱǹŷڹ˵ŷѹŵڴ
һĻס˾ݻʺ͵ӣѵҪˡҪ֪ڵĵۣ۷״̬޵УǻʵûȫںԼԪԲ۷״̬ŷܣ
ǹŷڵս֮£ۻܣʵͿ˵ѾԽˡ
־ţ޵бƣŷһµĸ߶ȣǴδﵽĸ߶ȡ
ȻҲʶһ㣬ϣк󱲿ԳԽԼΪһ޵ȴֲ뱻Խ
ǺܸӵһŹŷ磬еս⣬ȴӵǿˡ
˼ս޵ߣԼ޵Уʩչʱ䳤ӡ
֮սѾʱյӰˣӹŴ˽δδдս
һжڱܲסǵܡ
ս޵ߵսҪֳһʤ
ŷ϶ȾѪˣ壬˺ۡȴܼᶨǿƣһ㶼ơ
޵еţͶǿ
ڵ˵ʲôơ
ŷӵеһУӵУҲһ·Ѫսˣ޵޾£һ޵еϣԼѹһеС
ԣһ㣬ŷ޷ѹƵۡ
˶ܼᶨ죬죬ڤھҵɱ֮вɱǿߵϷɣȻڳˣĿɿڴ
ǶһεĴڣǾݻʶ̲ס̾Ҳҡ
ߵĵһ߰Եޱߣŷһ·ɱˣ棬Ҳһְᱻκѹơ
ԣ˵ѪսעǳĲҡ
μζԥҪҪ֣Ķӣ뿴Լӳκ⡣
ȻκŹŷʵ̶ֳȵǿս˭Ҳ˵κ⡣
䡣
ŷ֣һȭеۡ
۱İӶ˳ȥڿը顣һѪ⵹ٴϡ
Цһ˫ֽӡʩչͨ
ڴʱŷŲһģ汬һѪһ㱻ըˡ
ŷת޸˺ûһͣٴγ˹ȥ
˶ʩչµͨԷ
һֶϻ죬һ㽫ۻɱ
Ҳֻ֣ؾ˵˼㣬ŷķһ
սһ֮սѾﵽ˰Ȼûһ֣ʱпܱɱ
ǶľǿͬǣҲ˵ս֮Уǿ֧ŵΪʵ̫ˣ˶ڼޱ۷ս
ǾһײȫѪ
ŷ磬Ȼ罣£ֱӽն롣
ˣҲ۸ķɳȥӶ¶˳Ȼ˵ķǳء
ŷЦվûм֡
޸ϵƣŵۡ
۵Ҳһŷɫ֮г˸ӡ
۰ˡɫ𺳣˵
˶סˡ޵еĵ۾Ȼˣǿ߻ܣôܣ


2427 
վѪʣһĻ
ǱΧ۷״̬һ󱲼սȴսˣ޵һֱһ־޴Ĵ̼޵еĵҲܹܣ̫ˡ
Źŷ磬ɫӣȴʲôû˵
ۣ̫ΪˣϵĶǶͬһŷ絭˵ڽѵۡ
ҲΪλãûȡλİȡʿ˵Ľ͡
Ϊŷʱʵ֤ǿƣսȥĻûһϣ
Ϊʲôŷʵ
Ϊλãŷ˵˲ֹһˣе㲻ס
ʱ򣬻Ӻ߹̾Ϣһˣ飬ˣԭǲĻ֡
ԵúģҲЩԳһĻ䡣
ۺͻû˵վţѹһе֣Ů˵ǰ޻˵еǷˡ
ǣǵֳ
ǣȴƻҪɱ˻˵Ϊ򣬵ǣٸеɣҲβҪɱһʵ
Բ𡣡ݻ˵
û˵֮£Ƚһ㡣
˵Բ𣬴ĳЩ˵ҲûκδΪӦõģǣΪʲôҪƭң˵ѵΪһһϧ֮ˣӿµǱѣ֪𣿡˵۽ۡ
ŷ̾Ϣһܹ̬ܵԼֳƣҪɱǲģǲء
ݻʺ͵û˵ʱȻһɣҲʵǲ֪˵Щʲôá
ô£ŷ̲סʵ
˵ɽƣһֱڣûнô˵ùŷһЩơ
۵Ŀżˣ⼸һǹİɣ˵˰죬ʲôû˵
Ҫһ׳Ц˵
˻һŷʱ̲סɴ۾һ׳ôܣ
֪׵֮󣬸ף׾ԲǴġ
һطĴڣǸطλ֮ϣƿλתֻǣ֪ΪʲôԭǸطˣһЩƬ֮Уס
ʵϣӦ˵һ飬Ǹһ֡
ҪһףҪ˽ǸطһЩǸͲܵ飬Եۺͻʵľ磬ﲻһ㡣
ܡŷҡͷֱ˵һζûС
ŷĻЦһָŻ˵ûʲôܵģֻҪɱˣеĵ׼Ķ֮УͿԻס
ǵõǸͻȻһ뵽ʲôһ
۵˵ͷ
ݻҲͷ˻Ĳ²⡣
Ǹʲôŷüͷһ壬⼸һڴʲôգ˵Ķס
ŷк϶кܶ飬Ǻֻǰ֪
ҵ塣Ц˵
ʱ򣬵ȴ۾֮оŹŷ磬Ц˵֪ʲô𣿡
֪ŷҡͷ
Ȼ֪ŷ˵ȴ֪ûе˵ô򵥡
һ򵥵ǿߣͷ
ʵϣڻϣŷоһϤϢȻе㲻һǺ֮нסǸеơ
Ǻǣ㵱Ȼ֪Ҹ㣬أЦ˵
һ˵ʱ˶סˡ
ŷɫȴû̫ı仯Ѿ³ˡ
ҲȷʵһףǾԲϵףͬǸһնһǸ磬ֻΪ˳λڡ
ǰһˡ
ôѾֻҪٽǸ֮УͿԻָǸǿʵֱ˵Ҫնɱԭ
ǸֵĸսһЩֶΣ׾Ҫƿء
ʱһڣǱ˰׳֣Ҳ£ںһս
ǳԾ̲סӣԷе𺳣ȻҲû뵽˾Ȼ뷨
ǻ治˵ǴģΪҲΪΪİȫ
ŷ磬㻹𣿡ʡ
ŷ翴һֿۣ˻һۣȻԿЩʧǡ
Цһ£ŷ絭˵һǾãеˣһŮӣһ˸ģԣҲͬ⡣
ܼᶨֱ˵Լľ
ŷĻסˣû뵽ԼѾ˵ĺˣŷ羹ȻǲԸӦ
Źŷ磬ҲˣΪ˵ϣŷ粻ӦڰԼŶԡ


2428 һȥ
һ˵λȣ̫΢һԲ˵֮ǰĻĺúúĻҲͬ⣬г˱ߡ
ڹŷ磬վһ֮еǿߵϣӦ֧Ŷԡ
ŷЩӣ̲ס˵ûбҪ
ûлع֮ǰ͹ŷйһνӴǸʱ򣬻ŷ統˵ֻۣǣع֪֮ŷ粢ǵۣǺ͵Щֻս׵ԭŪˡ
ֻǣôҲû뵽ŷ羹ȻԳɳһһڻ
ŷ磬㲻ҪͿɫ䣬ǹŷִҪסĻľûа취ˡ
ʱЩںޣӦɱ˹ŷŶԣӦüţҪɳ
Ҳû뵽ŷΪԼʵǸƻİʯ
Ϳǣ˼ȡôܹսʤףȴо˲ݣҪǣһͷײˣʡĶۡŷ絭˵ĻҭùǺ
Ҳŷһķ֮ʶҲһˡŷ絽ʲôӵˣۺס
Ȼ˵ˣѾ⣬϶ıԼ⡣
뵽һڸһҧˣһ񣬿ĴݣңΪŷԭֱҪ۸ˡ
ˣ߰ɣĳûһᡣݻʿЦŵۣת뿪
뿪ˣҲȥ
컯ǣһֹŷĿ֮Ǵһ˿ͣϽ뿪
ȻҲ¹ŷˣĻǵ鷳ʹˡ
۶ǹŷĶ֣һѡ
컯죬ʵӵġŷĳɳĲӰ죬ֻԼҲû뵽ԼЩƣûһãճɾ˹ŷ磬Լʲôû䵽
ŷ翴˻һۣһЦ˵ģ֮У˭Ҳɱ㡣
ǵͷȻҲܹ׵۵лǲ̫ͬΪڳ˶ۣȻҲԼߵȥԼ
ԣھݻʺ͵۵ǻǺЩмġͬʱڻǺͬ飬ȱԼ׽ƣһܺá
лл㡣лɫЩ㱡
һǿߣ־ᶨǣⲢʾһ˻Ҫǿҡ
һȥݡ𿪿ڣȻѾ˵ۻʣǾҪһˣ䵥ǿ϶еģǾݻҪ֣䵥ֱ
ߡ
ŷͷͬʱûҪлЩֻǵĿ˵ΪѣҹŷףԸνףְ취ûá
뵽֮Լףŷףǲ׵˲١
ɱ˻Ҳ׵Ķ֡ȻûȻڵ̬ڣĻдĿܡ
֮УǰȻ˶һ
֪ȥսȥˣҶŵˣǱˣǿߣۺͻˣһ޵ߡ
Ȼ̤Ǹ磬վ˻ۣ̫Զˡ
λǻ֮к͵ۻл˲ǿߡŷܻݣ˴һ
ŮӣȻǿǸزʵе̫˼ˡ
к
ֻǣŷȴ׼ǽӽ
ϹλƯΪʲôҪǺӽЩ˵С죬ȻѾһǿˣ޵еУ֮Уһĺ֡
ŷҡͷЦ˵ΪǺãĵѺͲ꣬Ӵˣǿס
ŷĻЩˣҡҡͷ˵İɣҿϢκӰġ
ۺͻһ˵ǵ٣һԭǺӴ̫ˡŷЩ̲ס˵
ŷĻЦһ˵ǵĻ𣿡
ŷһ£ʶ⣬˶Իо֮ģҪɱȻ˵ʵ
ʵϣ˵ҲֻҪŷһõӡɱʱ򣬹ŷòֵġ
ֻǣû뵽ŷջǲˣǵΪʧˡ
ĲӰ죿ŷѯʡ
ǲŻҪ¹Լ˵İȫܴ⣬³ʲô⡣
ܹܵŷ뷨˵ͷĵĽ͵ģκ⣬ǿߣȫԼϢôӰ쵽ˣѵӰ쵽Χ𣿡


2429 Ի
ŷȻףԼֱǸϼһˡ
뵽ŷЩҧгݣϼһһ쵰
Ҳ׷ģõˡ
ʵǵҪúõĺ˵ĻҲδزӦ˵ǽ飬Ҳԣֻڳһʵ
ŷҡͷɫ˵ѣ㲻Ӧ뷨
Ϊʲôŷ硣
¾ԼҲˣԼҲܳΪ׵Ķ֣Ļαأûκ壬Уһ죬ǿɱסŷ֮о˸
Ĭһ£ΣſЦһ̸ס
ûģ̫ǿˣһ֮䣬ɱһλ顣Ȼ޵ߣҲǶ֣޷档
޵ߵ·Ѿߵͷûа취̫࣬ﵽǸ硣
һԭ̤Ͻɵľ磬׻ԳֻɱǸˣκλᡣ
ҲеôѣûԹ˭Ҳ֪׻ôŷ絭˵֮дһš
ŷĻһĨɫû˵ֻŷ졣
ˣ˵Щˣ˵һЩ˵ɣݵĳǣӭع顣ŷȥ
黶Ȼ֪˭ǹŷ綼ҪԻӭˣ϶ǵĹͣ۵ѾȫԽˡ
֮Уֻоۣе飬һۡ
һ򣬵ɫÿǶһۣԷеء
ҪҪ߹ŷ磿ݻ̲סʵ
վ˼ҡҡͷˣǲѹˡܹɳһ
۵ĻݻʿЦԼѣе̫ˣһ˵ĻҲͲˡ
ӣȻû˵Ĵ㡣
ðɣǾٵȵȿɡݻ˵֮ЩΡ
֪ôѡȷģһǿ޵ߣǺܼᶨ߳ʲôӵ·κãȻʱȴãȻˣһЩѡ޷ѡãۿһۣд˽ʵ뷨û˵ֻо˸
һ֮У۵˵ӰʧΪ˴˵
ǣȴкܶǿɣ򣬿˵ǳһʢ
֮㣬ȫǿĲ˼飬򼸺һʱ
һȺ𣬻Ĵѣӿ˲֪١ǺΨҶһǿ˲˼顣
һξ磬֪жǿ߳֡
Ȼ籣žη֮ġΪ֪һ޵еۣȻ֮зͷʢˣҲȥ귨
Щ˵ĻԻֻܹͣгŷ˫ԵóȻǿ
һǿ߼սѹ棬Ƭϵ飬ȫϨŵС
ǿĺ֮㣬սԼķ͵Ｄҽ档
ΨҶħ
ҰħɫȻȻѾ˴Ѿ磬ҼΪǿͬʱսˣҲһѣǿߣʵǿĲ˼顣
Ǵ˲֪һˣȴһֱûзֳʤһֱҰħǳ򶨣һܡ
һѾ֪ǶٴεĽ֣Һ֮ǰһˣǼҲɱ޵УҪһεս֮Уķֳʤ
ҰħսȾѪȴᣬ졣
գԷֱնɱ
Ұħʤˣ⣬˺棬Ȼ뿪
ʵϣǿ󵽵ĽЩ̫ǿˡ
ۻʣҲͬžޣҰħ
޷򸾣֣սѣҲ·硣
ɫСǳ˶꣬ڹŷۼһȺ֮У㲻ϳɫȴ˺ܶ˽𾳽磬ǳױչֳ콾ķɣҪˡ
ڤХҲж֣һǺܶˡ
һǿʹѣסˡ
սɱЩˣȻɹͻΧȥ
츳ǿһ·ѾУǿľˡ
ԯݺ֣۷壬ֻһУӶУսһЩǿߣ׼ѵľ硣
ۡԯݺᣬڡФɽյˣһǺɨµǿߡ
ʵ̫ˣǿƣűݡ
ȻҲЩˣһЩս֮бɱʱ򣬳⣬ʤȭŷʶһһս֮У˻ɱ
û𣬴ʱֻһˡ


2430 ͭƬ
ܶǿ֣߳磬бĵط콾ͬһ㣬˺ܶࡣ
ھ·ϣٲսҲ䣬֮Уÿ춼콾Ѫ
ʱ򣬸޵Ѿϡˣ벽Ѹǲ
ŷȻǿģվھ֮ϣŲã
û˻սǵȨʵϣǹŷǵĵӣҲûм˿ս
컯졢ˣһ棬Ҳףŷ粻ǵ鷳ҲͲˡ
˹ȥʮ꣬ľӼңдѳ֣ҪսۺͻʻйŷǵȨ
һУŷܵȻδԳ֣ħȵΪսйӣйЦЦСѾͷ
Եסеĵ֣ùŷ߸ϣͲΪġ
һֱʱҵоʲô
͹ŷߵĺܽǲûһǻŮӣҪ飬ô׵顣
ң֮ԽӴŷԶԷͺء
սǺǿ󣬵ڼʶ棬ȴкܶණǻڽ̵
ǹŷۺϵһѧϰ֪˺ܶ˽һЩⶼԼĶ
ԻܸмҲءŷǾǻЩģѾ㹻ˡ
ʮ£ŷ̽Ѱ
ջĻ˵֮вǱô򵥣кܶطʮأ̽Ѱˣкܴĺô
ŷͬһʿһ㣬ڸ֮УѰһпܴڵĶ̽ѰԼ֪Ĵڡ
һĴ֮Уŷ緢һͭƬ
һأ˽붼ǿߣ鷳
ҹŷ緢֣֮˥Ǻйϵ
ֱӳ֣ͭƬ˳
һЩģǹŷ粻ʶһּԶĸоùŷ̲סüͷ
ʩչԴҪ鵽
ֻǣһɺǿ̽飬Ȼǹŷһˡ
ɫЩȻеƬ⵽ʲô˵ͷǺεǿ󣬾Ȼܹ̽Ѱ
ʮ£ŷʵѾһŵĵز
ͻӡ֤ǻǹŷĶ֡
սܵ۵սʮ֮Уû̫ͻƣѾȫǹŷĶˡ
ֻǣŷ羹ȻһͭƬ޷̽飬Щ˼顣
ڴʱһ˳֣Աߡ
ŷһǸ䡣
ŹŷеͭƬ¶𺳵ɫ
ŷһֱӽͭƬ
ҡ
䵱ʱͼˣֱŷ֣һɶûУȻҪǿнǸͭƬ
ŷüͷһ壬һתһȭסһ
Ҳںˣɫ΢졣
ŷϣ¶һĨЦݣȻˣпԷʵˡŷܹоղһ伸õȫȴסˣûܵκ˺ֻ˼
ʱŷӦоһŷЩ𾪡
û뵽㾹Ȼôǿˡıˡ
ӹŵ˲ֹһ콾ǹŷʮ£ôµزģǴûм
Ȼλ湲ʱҲǰʮǿˡ̾˵
νλ湲棬ǿƣҲǽٵǸʱ
һսǼɱǸʱǿߣտλ档
ڤǿ̫ǿ̫ˣƴǸ֮⣬ȫɹˡ
ֻǣҲܵ˱Ӧ׻ɱֻʣһˡ
ŷû˵ŶԷ
ǸͭƬңûκô俪˵ŷҪ
кԹŷڵʵͲǿдӹŷнߣҪսĻҲᱻ׸ӦʱͳԲ˶ߣпܱɱ
ԣ͹ŷս
ŷܼ䶼żĶ϶򵥡
ֲɵӣȻὫȥ
ĶҵˣȻҵġŷƽ˵š
㡭ЩŹŷ磬֮Щԥ
Ҫñȡ˵ڵʵܲܳԶңʹĿԻңҲпܻᱻ˰׸Ӧʱӡŷܵ˵
ҧгݣŷ˵̫ˣȷʵ˵ҳ֣Ϊȷʵûаӹ׵׷ɱ
㵽Ҫôʵ
ⶫʲôҲŻѡ㲻㣬㲻Ը˵ĻǾˣԼоŷƲƲ죬Щĵ˵


2431 
һԥĳԲ˵̺ʲôһ
ֻǣûаջɱŷ磬Ϊŷʵʵ̫ˡڹŷʵҪɱŷ磬ֱ̫ˡ
ǸȷʵҪ
˵ǾˣˡŷƲƲ죬ԷȻԸ˵ҲͲ׷ˣûȥԼо
ʵǿһЩʱ򣬹ŷ粻ԼҲҿɫҲ֪򵥣̺ʲôܡ
һ¡亰һס˹ŷ硣
ŷһƽ
ʵҲδǷҪõֻҪܹúҲԲҪֱ˵Եú̹
ȻѾ¶ˣҪҪ߹ŷͭƬ
ŷüͷһû˵
Ǻ䣬ܾһЩʲô֮䣬ҲǺ˽⡣ԹŷĻʮš
ǸطԪ֮һ俪˵ʱùŷһ
óͭƬ˺ڵǸط׵ˡΪӡ
ЩţȴòţΪ˵ġ
ӣȻ˵ѡ
һƬŷֻܹ²⡣
ǣһһһͭӣǸطը飬֮һ׵ء˵߹ŷ硣
ŷ̲ס𾪣׵ؾȻǱģЩ˭
֪ʲôԼҲ֪˭һָоЩһҪλ֮ˡüͷЩܽš
ŷˣһ׶ûнأ׵صԪ׾Ҫλ֮Сʵе㲻֪˵Щʲôˣ׻ûС
Ǻǿ𣿡ŷѯʡ
ǣǿˣʵڵףһǽ٣λ涼Ҫ𡣡˵Щ
ʱ򣬹ŷ絹һ˵Խ׵ĻЩģֻʵʵ൱Ĵڣǲˡ
㲻ģЩ졣
ŷһɵӣϾһ뵽ЩˣЩŷʵڻأһЩࡣ
ŷҡͷһЦ˵ʱ֮ڣӦùٵһʱ䣬ǹġ
ţһİ
ŷ磬ŷӣɫ֮ЩȻͲͬŷĻ
㲻ǵĶ֣벻Ƕôǿ󡣡һЦɫ֮г˲м
ùŷе뵱ȻˣʵĺܿǲҪﵽɵĲȣ̫ˡ
ĿԴˣллЩƬҲܹ㣬ҪоҲܹҵΪŷֱӽͭƬ
ƬԸףŲСãռˣǸͭӺһڵʵҲս˰סʾ˹ŷһ䣬Ȼʧ
ŷ뿪ķ¶һĨЦ
ѡĻȴʮţ϶һЩ顣
ֻǣЩ˵Ĵڣġ
ŷ벻ǵʲôӵһִڣ϶бЩλġ
ңЩ˾ǿ󣬹Ƿ˿ֲǱֵĻӿ¡
ŷѰң뿪һһ
Ǹոγɵһ򣬺ǿǿƣʢ˼㡣Ȼ磬ҲֻǱط΢ǿһ㡣
ֻǣȱ޵ǿߣûйŷûôеλ
ŷոսʱ򣬾ͱ˷ˡ
û٣Ǹ˵ǰ
ۡһߣʵǿȻﵽ˴Ѿ磬ҽ޵ߵС
ŷЩ⡣
˾Ȼ컯һһɵġ
ֻǣ컯ȻȶԷһ㡣
Ȼŷһָоǰ飬컯춼ҪǿĶࡣ
ۻۣȷʵĵһΪиУҸм֮£Ϊ顣ͣûڹŷǿǰҪκ
ûôҲֻùŷ
д컯˾̾ŷ̾
飬컯ȫһûκһ޾֮
ĺãԲŻġ
˽õģԷԲսթ֮
һҪһûʲôŹֵĵطŷ˵Լ⣬ȻǿߣûбҪҴˣ󷽷˵Լ⡣


2432 Թȥǿ
ԥһ£ʱùŷһףҲʲôطйŹ֡
ʵӦ֪׵飬Ϊ̽ѰһЩĿǶԸסŷ͡
򲻵ѵʱ򣬹ŷ粻ǿ
Ͼһ֣޵ߣûж񼣡
һ飬Ϊһ޵ߣȻŷǿĺɨţǶףҲһЩ˽ġ
ѣµĴ׷ɱһ䡣
գɹӶݳȥ
ԣףŵġ
ŷҪԸף޳ɡ
һ£ڻ˵֪һطأͨǸطǰȥ͹ȥǿһսǰδδǿһսһûл
ʲôŷһ˵Ĺâ
طǺͻӵеĵʮ·һ𣿿Գ嵽ȥҲԳ嵽δ
Щ˵ʲôˣŷʵ
ŷĻЩֵĿ˹ŷһۣѵҲйľ
ڻʵĻʳ֮Уߵ˵ʮ·嵽ȥδսǸʱҵΪܵͣûŪֵŷ͡
ʳ֮оȻҲһط𾪡
ΪԼطǶһ޶ģû뵽ڻʳ֮УҲһط
ԹŷȵĿ⣬ҡͷЦҲ֪ЩʲôڣΪߵʱֻǺһЩආսǵȵΪزʱ򣬸һ̤ȥпµ־ɱңһ㽫ɱҸ˭֪
˵ɫ֮¶һĨ壬Ȼıˡ
ŷ絹һ԰ʵȻҪɱҪѲٵ˵ӰӶûп
֤δһսǺεȼңǶôĲпᡣ
ҹȥŷ룬˵
Ҫ߻ʵĵʮ·ǲˡΪͻʻе۽Թŷ̽һ£˽˵ݡ
ʵȰҪǿŷԼסԼ
֣ȥãֵ֪ʵܸߣĴڣ̫ˣ޷Ҳ֮䣬ܹɱҵȡҡͷֹŷ硣
ŷЦˣ˵İɣû˿ɱңȻףҪɱңҪۡ
ţΪʵһµĸ߶ȣŷһе֣ҲǶ֣֮ǰشԷ
ڵʵߵĻ¼˿ס
ŷһᶨ̾Ϣһǽŷ˹ȥ
͵ʮ·һϢŷֱӳ˽ȥǰȥʼ̽
սʱһɿµϢ£Ҫɱŷ硣
һϴڵɱ⣬ȻŷԣҪش
ŷƳȥǿƳ֣ʥȭ˳ȥںϸͨ޾ŷһ־
ըŷƻãʱĳ֮Уһ
ղǳ֣δԷһ־δһս
ǿ䣬Ѫû޵ߣս֮УȴҲⲻ
֮У޾ǿɱǰ䣬սʸûС
ǳſһ£һǺӣͶ֮䣬Ǭš
Щ˺ǿ󣬵ҲֻǾν޵Ϊ죬٣൱ǿ
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ȥһһǿߣ֮дǿƵ˵ĵز
һѻƽն䣬սΪ롣
ŷɫһҲһ޵ߣߵ㹻Զ
ֻӭսסԷĹȻ˫ʥӡһȭǿա
貵ĻƽͷųŷȶԷǿƣʩչַ˲һѹ¡
Ǹ޵ߴ𣬽ض죬һѻƽ𽣣СǺӶֻǵ׺ӡ棬һնһ򣬽ŷС
ײըŷ˲Χ
Ǹ޵ߵˣƽһơ
ԹȥǿߡǸ޵ߺȻ˵쵽ŷ״̬
ʵϣǿͨȥδȴʱ䳤֮жλҵʱΡ
ԣȻŷԳδҲδĳԣΪһôûУʲô
ʮ·طһصķ򣬿һضʱκ͵ص㣬֤һս
ŷû˵ǵзԷϵϢȫʶ˲ͬ
ֱӳ֣ѹһУɨһУҪԷɱ


2433 ӽ׷ɱȥ
ߵʵڲ֮䣬ƴɱʩչֶͨΡ
սס˺ܶˣ
޵֮еǼҽ档
Թȥǿߣ㲻ҪǸ޵߿ڣĿŹŷ磬ž˵ɱ⡣
ҪңֻҪһЩŷ翪ڣȴͣ罣ʱһ棬ѹ£޵ѹС
ԷХֱƿ棬˳ִͨһ֮⣬ڹŷϡ
һս̫ˣŷ϶ȾѪˣֱӲһ㣬֮ȫ˺ۡ
ŷһΪﵽ߶ȣԶһУڿе뵱Ȼˣǿʵ̫ˣֻһˣ㵲ס
Ǽҽ棬ǹŷһֱƲ˶ԷķȻԷҲˣأǾǳ岻ȥ
㡣һХѪôڲ顣
һǿߣڹŷĶ֡
ɫսۣһֿµϢתһɫĳǹտտÿһƶѹǬ
ŷɫһסǿߣսˡ
ŷȴںˣʵ൱ˣɱȻҲܲס
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˵ʵ൱Ѿ·磬ȻҪɱˣֱǷˡ޵ߣͬʱо˹ŷɱ⣬Ƕʱɫ
̫ˡ
ǧһ֮ˡ
ǿͬʱŭȻɱȥ
ȻǱŷ缤ŭˣһ˾ȻҪɱˣʵ̫ˡ
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ͬʱᴩŽͬһʱ̳֣Դµˡ
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Ǻᴩһ
ǰһٵȫɢ
ŷ糤ХһѪħɱǧţ޵ߡ
ǽӴɱµѪһУԷһ磬ϵǳȫը飬ûʲôǵ֮дڵġ
𱻲ҲڵһʱȻǴѣҲǴڿѪ˳Զ
ȻҪ֪ǵľѾ㹻ԶˣǻǱˣֵʵ̫ˡ
ۡ
ɫĳǹŷͷ­ǿȴ¶ݣҪɿԼĳǹԶ
ѾˣһѽֱնʶԪɱ
ŷɳȥһ㱻ǰǸ޵֣߳
һɫĳǹ飬ŷ޸壬ŶԷɱ졣
ɱۡǸ޵޵ߵʬ壬ŭ
ŷƽǸ޵ߣо罣ߣ
ȻһͬǿߣŷȻţ˭ҵ˭Ҫ
Ǹ޵ͫ΢˵̫߹Լɱۣʵɱҡ
ĿȻŷ缤ս
޵֮ߵ棬Ǽҡ
ŷʱûһѹһԶնɱһˣοڡ
ûãսͷֳʤ
Ǹ޵߱ɱѪ
ŷҪ߲εսȥȥѰĵˣ֪ࡣ
Ҫ棬ϷͻȻһֻɫĴצӣ鲼ۼףգŷ¡
ŷһʱһߺƹȥȥתʱգʩչֶΣһ
һֻ˹ȥһж飬жˡ
ŷ㵽һߣתߣ˹·
ַֻʱգֱ׷˹
ŷֹҪֻ֣ȴû̫ãֻ̫ˣԽŷǿߡ
ȻǸ䣬Ǹֵ˵Ķ֣ﲻ硣
嵽ȻȥҪǿߡ
ֻ˹ȥͨ飬Ҳûбȥδ
ֻȴģȻ׺ݣŷ磬һҪĨɱ
ʲôʵ
֪ŷĻشҲ֣һӴܣֻֽ˹ŷͬһˡ
а̾ͲԼ飬ֻȴҲʵ̫ˡ
ǳԶţֻȻţᴩ޾£һҪɱǡ
ŷץԴʵز֮ǵһα׷ôǱ
ûлȥһսΪԲǶִ֣ʵֲ̫ˡ
ˡ
Լ͹ŷûйϵԷ˼ûκãԵûȥۡ


2434 
ֻ֣Խ˲֪ʱգ׷ɱǡ
ڹŷ綼Ҫץʱһµᴩʱգֱɱ˹
ֱֻˣŷǵʧ
ŷһ׷һǺܿʧ١
׵ϢǺڳ֣ŷһüͷ
һͷԼò˼飬š
ܵģô£Ǹ˶Էǿ˭ŷа뵽
һָоӦòףȻϢ׺ơǣһףûоıҪ
һʱգû
ŷǸϽܣһ㱻С
˶һۣǶӦµһˣʵǳԽǵһڡ
ԶŵĴܣȥһ¡ŷ
ûеȰش𣬹ŷŶԷûһƬʱա
һϢʱգһµϢо˵Ĵսڱ
һǿ䣬·Ȼ˸߳ս裬ɱϸ졣
ŷӦϢ¶𾪵ɫ˵ڤ򡣡
ӦϢڤ򣬲ȴȺڤǿ̫࣬źܶǿߡ
޵ߣֹһ𣬶ʮ𣬸мˣϢ죬һеƿߣǿ˲˼ĵزȹŷڵľ磬Ҫ߳һ㡣
һ⣬ƴɱ
ŷһ뵽һ飬ںڤһսɴ˿ɼڤǺεǿ󣬵ȻǱ˰ôǿĴڣûκεֿ
ǣڤǿߣȴսɱǸס
Ǹ׺ܿ£֮䣬Ĩɱ޵ߣνĴѣ£ʲô㲻ϣסһ
ڤ򣬱ѪȾ͸ˣغ͸춼ڱ飬ȫѿ
ǿµһսڤ򶼱ˣǿߣˣȶڤڤҪˣͬʱҲ֣սǸס
ֻǣǿǣҲ׵Ķ֣ɱĻѪʱ䡣
ǸףҲڼиַ븯࣬Ǹȴǿò˼飬Ȼ˥Ȼ޵еģɨеС
ʲôʱôô£̲סһڿˮ
ʵ̫ˣ
ܶ˷ǿ󣬵ȴ˲䱻ɱ޷󣬵ǺεȾ磬ܹһ㡣
ŷԥһ£˹ȥ
δǿߡ˾˵Ļ
ŷû˵ֱǸ׳֡
һĻЩ˶һֻҪԷԼľˣڹŷĸʱǵǲ⡣
ŷԱ޵ǿҲȻûκˣһͲһɱ
ǹŷҲ֣ͨһɨ˹ȥף
ӽ׵ǿ߶һۣԷеϲɫһӽǵǿߣǵս֣һַǳİ
һߣûг֣Ϊʵŷ磬ȥĻҲҪڹȥˡ
ǰģʵս֣Ҳûκΰ
˹ŷļ룬Ǹѹˣٶȸ졣
ڤǿߣҲԾ˵ٶȱɱ
ǿ߼ʣʲôˣа벽ѳԱʽס
ŷһμһλսǿĳ
Ȼףˣڲͣıͣıѡ
ֹ̫ˣѻʮȼԼͬԱʽס
գڤǿߣֻʣ¹ŷˡ
ڤǿߣǶһۣԷеľսزѾûϣ϶ܡ
ѣ뿪Ҫһڤǿŷ˵ǶԹŷ˸мǹŷļ룬ǿѾˡ
һ̶ֳȵսǵİ̫ˡ
ŷˣ̾Ϣһû˵
ʱڤǿ֣ͬʱ󺰵ȼձԴʯ١
ǾһȼԼıԴҲȼ˲ڤıԴǸ׷Ϊǿʢһ
ڤѪȼһսȼԼĻ꣬չһ
ײЩУʼˡ
Ĺ˺ܳʱ䣬ŷãˣֻڤһͲܵס
âɢһ˳ڹŷ֮С
䡣
ŷ۾͵ϳǸ˵ݣǱˣ䡣
֪ԼƭˣԷѡǸףǽڤס
ֻˣ˵ľ磬ԲŻû׵ʵ˵ԼնԼһ


2435 
׷˹Ȼ϶˹ŷ磬֪ɱǿߡ
ʵϣǹŷ֣Ҳ˵ôأͲһ㣬ͱס֮ǰľ硣
ˣǵСĲղżʶʵҺͶԷײ
ǹŷ磬û뿪Ѫ¡¡תǬ
䣬һս
ΪѾ֪ǧ֮ԷʵյǸ磬Ⱥøǿ
һԲһµϮɱҪɱŷ硣
ҹ
ŷЦͨһһµɱ⣬ȥ
һ̣ǿ˾ߣչΪһ
ڹȥԶţ˽ײǿ֮ҵ
ɳȥѪɳȻĶŹŷ磬ʶԼС˹ŷ磬ͬʱԼʵҲһʶ֮ǰ̫ˡ
ŷҲѪȴ֣Ҫɱ䡣
Ȼ֪ݣŷףӽԼûô򵥣ڤһս֮зԼȴδ߽˵ƭȻͼı
ʵ䣬ռȻŷ罫ս˼ޣͣʩչͨɱ⣬Ҫɱ
һŭ⣬ס˹ŷеĺɱ
ǿʱҲˣҺأβһ㱻ŷ򱬡
Ѿ֮ǰľ磬û޵еʵȹŷǿһЩ֮ǰӽ׵ǿ߲ࡣ
սŷ绹ʤĻᡣ
һĻԥһ£Ҳսˡ
һ޵ߣʵŷ磬ǴʱȴҪá
֣Χ䣬ĲͣĿѪ
ҲˣɨɳȥӶը顣
رǰмβһ㱻ɱɫ԰ף΢һЩ
ŷ󿪴ϣѹŶԷ
һսʥߣʺսȻԷʵǿһŷҵᣬͲԷĿܣҪһ·ȥ
Ҳʰַ򽫹ŷ˺ɳȥһ⣬ʧ޾֮䡣
һ׷ɱȥŷҲһҪɱ䣬ȻĻ˱Ȼһ
ֻǣѰ˰죬Ҳûҵ䡣
ǿߣҪĻʵ̫ˡ
ߡ
ŷͻȻɫһ䣬Űֱӳδ
һ־٣ޱȣȫʢʱڵףһڤ֮У̽
ⲻ䣬λףսɹ֮ǰڤ
ŷѾ뿪һȫʢʱڵףǲǶ֡
ôôࣿɫס
ĻŷЦˣ˵Ȼ٣Щ׶ͬһطǸطԭһ壬Ϊǿ֣ԱˣƬЩףʵǶ˵һ
ʲô𺳡
Ƭףôǿôܣ
Խ֮ϵƿأеλ棬ƿλһ飬ϧˡŷ̾
ʶһ⣬ûʲô㲻ģͬǵǰǿƿλĴڣȻˣʷ
Щǿߣһʧʷĳ֮С
࣬˵Ȼĺ
ǳ嵽˶һۣһεĸо
ܲŷڳޡ
ĻЦ֪ŷָʲô˵׶֡
Ȳ̫ԶˣʵǣȲʮ֮һЦ˵
̫ˣҲֻǱǿһѣǣⶫʵǱƳġŷ΢΢һЦ
׺߲أԶȣȻǵԼİȫڵʵֻҪ϶ͲҪ࣬һ¡
ǣ߻ѣЩȴһûʵ
ԹŷҪһг磬ԼѣԶܵв
΢΢һЦŷĻǫˡ
ǻصȫһ
ղű׷ɱŷ綼̼ˣԶŽһսʵ̫ˡ
ŷϢת˺ۺѪȫʧָò
ҲһҲˣʱתѪڣַû֮Уƻָ
ڰ֮УʵͻָǾ˵ģڲܡ
һ㣬컯Ҫǿ컯ǿлˣն˺֮ϵǰ飬ΪһͨδʧȥԣǱ컯컹Ҫǿһڡ
ʲôˣʱ򣬹ŷüͷͻȻһ塣


2436 
Ҳüͷһ壬ɫ䣬ֱӳ˹ȥ
֮УһȺҫֻɱ飬Ͳ⡣
ӽΪˣ˿վһսһѣǿͬʱ
ЩͻƵǿߣǿߣ֮ͬеǿߡ
ңЩ֪˰ʲô⣬Щǿ߲ԻͻƴѣûЩѵǿš
ԣǿ֮ͬһֻҪʵ;ﵽˣܹΪǸǿߣҲʲôѡ
ǣǿԽ࣬Խҡ
ǿĴû˸ȥǣĴ򣬶ⲻս𲨼
ǰ֮ԣʱҲĿ꣬ǿҪ
󱲴ѣȻѾﵽ˴Ѿ磬Ǳ϶ˡ
ֻȷ档
ŷȴҡͷΪѡ˶֡
򣬾ԲǱϿôСһ޵ߣмѣ쳣ǿ
䡣
սһѳս
սʼĿ죬Ҳĺܿ죬Ǹѣֱӻ˶֣һ㽫Ǹѻɱ
ߣѪԪƣһ䡣
׼޵ߡ𾪵˵
ⲻһĴѣһ׼޵ߣ̤޵ߵǸˣʵǿ˾˵ĵز
˵Ƕ֣ʹЩ֮еκһˣҲǶ֡
ΪΣ˭ǰһսЦ˻ϣ졣
޵ߵУȻƣԼʵѹκˡ
û˵֮Уȫʧг嶯ǿҪȥһսȴסǳ֡
Ϊ̫ǿˣǰ֣ȻĻû˿ѹ
һϣҲǿߣһǸǿߣǿ߲١
ѸóˡŷЦ˵
ŷĻͷֱһֻѹ䣬ˣƿУС
ʲô޵ߡ𺳣һ˲ܵϢ޵ߣǿ˲֪٣ȻҲһ׼޵ߣȫ޷ȡ
֡һԼߵǿһֻ֣֡
εɫȴÿ֮޵ߣһ˵ϢҪ鷳ˡ
ֺգֱѹ䣬˶ɨɳȥ
ĺǿȻʣҲ٣ǿƣһжѣѪ
ǺȻ֪鷳ˣһǿߣǱˡȻĻôǿƣֻһˡ
뷨档Ǵ󺰣γһֿµٻһǿߵĽ١
һЦͲ⡣
ֻһ˵ĻҲü֣е㷸ѡйŷһ飬˰ɣλ۵ĸԣԲԹۡ
Ѵɳ֣ҵҪ֪ʲô˾ȻԵŷ絭һЦ
ŷĻʱ۾һ˵ͷк˸
֣ҪĨɱǡ
ڴʱһ˵ķ֣ƣǳ׺Ǻֻë֮䡣
Żһ֣̳֣ס˰һ
Ƿ棬һͷ׷ᣬʮµӣϢ죬޵ߵϢ˲䱬ڲ
޵Уɨ򡣡Ǵ
ǵķ棬ʵǿᣬ֮еǿߡ
û˵ĿȴŰ
ˣ̫ˣ޵Уѹһе֣ػ򡣡ǿߴϲ˰֮Ǿͷˡ
˫ܼΪֵǿ߶ˡ
˭Ҳûע⵽ŷ磬ԼϢվһߣȻûע⣬Ҳŷ硣
Ǿ֮ϵĲ࣬ʵ͹ŷ൱ˣһʱͿԷֹŷ硣
ȴ֪ŷĴڣĶŷ棬˵棬֪ʲôҰκϣǲҪַҽ硣
ڣҪϢˡ
ǶԷԸĻûа취ˣ϶Ҫһսʱ϶ŷæֱɱ֡
ҿ˰򣬴Ӵ˰˳ңĻɱ⡣浭˵Įһ顣
ͲⰵĻֱ˵ԡ
Цˣ˵ûʵ
ԼʵǺŵģ˹ŷǿߣȻǵҪҪһĴۣοǰˣȻ޵ߣǰȴöԷԼǿ


2437 ޵
Ц˵ôΪ𣿡Ļһ˳֣ͬ졣
һ޵ߣѪʢ¡¡ԷǬ
֮߳Ű
ԴǰһսǸ޵߿ڡ
һĴ֮У㲻ϳãȻҲһ޵ߡ
޵֣ѵǿơ
ֻǣȴЩɻ޵ߣôǶҰģӦ໥Ŷԡ
Դ棬Ȼƺʦֵܣ֮е飬ӦûйϵŶԡ
ŷվ̲ס̾ʮ£ı̫̫࣬콾ѣ޵ߣ˲֪١
һԻ͵ĴȹʱҪԻ͵Ķࡣǲ֪Ϊʲôŷȴһֲõĸоǻعⷵգ֮ǰš
벻׵ô£ֻǧҪԼе
޵ߣ̲סɫ΢΢һ䣬Щңǹŷ򣬿Ҫˡ
ڣȴģȻ޵ߣֻҪйŷڣ򶼿
ֻǣЩȴΪǱɫ¶ǵɫ
վ˰۾֮дŷŭŷԴͷǡ
ȻҪһսĻǿ϶֣Ѫսס
ǿҪڣһսҲһսرйŷڵʱ
ƿشҪ㲻ֻһʼѡԴ˵
ţҲ˵ԼĿģҪƿظ棬
ЦʻڣǿţҪ򣬼ֱǳ˵Ρ̲סЦ
˭Ҫһͳ򣬶Ʋ⼸ˡ
ǹŷ磬ǵʣһԽķᱮʵǺǿ߿ȵġ
ԴͷȻ֣ҲܻЩˡ
ˣھۣʲôѣʵˣǰһֻЦɫȻһĨм
ĿɿڴȻͬ顣
ŷ絭ˣĴһ߳˵˵Ҫһֻң
Ļһ䣬ǵصǿϢͷųȥڷԴͷϡ
ǿǣ޵ߣǴʱҲ̲סˣ޷ֿ
ǺȻĶһۣ˶Էе𾪡
ŷòʱ򣬷һԼһơ
Լž۵棬Ȼ˵һֻţƴˣû뵽ȻԼߡ
˵İɣվҰɡŷ綢ŷ棬Ŀڡ
ǿȫɴ۾˭Ҳû뵽۾Ȼڰ֮УŷԷ棬Ƕʱ¶ϲɫֻҪɵӶܹվһߵġ
ɫѿȴ˵
ŷ絭һЦô˵ˣղŲ˵ͦ׵𣿻Ҫһͳ򣬾ƾ𣿡
˻һԴͷɫɫзŭŭŹŷ硣
Դ̲ס˵ۣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣΪ𣿡
ŷ翴һۣ˵£ͳְ
ɣվԴơ
ԴǺݺݵĳ鴤һ£֣˵Ӱŷټͷأ֮
ûг֮ǰ㴵ţƻԣ֣ȴ
Ͼûʵȴʴʣ˵Լ
ԺҪ֪ͼı򣬱ֱӻɱǡŷȣвһˣǲҪٶʲôͳһ˼
ۣܺˣǵ黹òܡ˵
˿ʼӦˣǾãԼǱŷǰͷ壬ʵϹŷûԼеôǿ
ô˵޵أսŷ磬ҪߣǺ׵ġ
㲻ŷЦŷ档
΢΢һ˵ʲôۣҾͲôǿһսԼѹ㣬ҪǺãҪΪһʱĳ嶯ٵԼһӢ
ͻȻıԹŷ磬Ҳûôţһš
Щԣһ޵ߣȺŵ˻治ࡣ
ȻʼʱδʶŷʵǹϵƣҲðԼͲǹŷĶ֣ǷǣȻû־
ҳ֣Ǿѹ㣬ҵ޵Уѹһе֡ԴҲ˵


2438 
޵ߣǳţԼѹһе֡
ĿȻŹŷ磬һɱ⡣
ԾԾԣҪǻһǣǼҪˣҪȻܹŷ˵
ŷЩۣǲȣûмˣԼڴԼ
Լ޵УΪʵäĿȻÿЦ
վһߣһ仰˵ˣ֪ŷ벻ֶˣһսŷĵء
ְɡ
ŷ絭˵
˵ˣԼ˵Ѿˣˣй֮޲
ԴͷһۣǾȻĳ֡
ŷ繥ȥ
Ҫ̵ʱ֮ڻɱŷ磬ȻֶԸ
ĻǲܹСʧɵԼĵ֡
˵뷨ãȴ֪ʵʱȫһġ
ŷվֻǴһȭ˵Ĺ㱻顣һ̣ŷ绯һ⣬ײԴ
Դŭһ־֪ԼˣʲôƨԼ޵УڹŷǰȫЦԷʵ̫ǿˡ
ŷԼ˹ԴڲҪһ
̤ǳ֮ϣɰ˷Ԫһͨɨɱ˹ȥ
һ̣Դǿ˴ľߡ
ţȻһ޵վԼǰ棬ȻȫҪ򱬣һûС
ŷȫǾ͸˵ˣ϶ᱻشпܺɱ
뵽Դһ˷ܵɫ
ܿ죬Цˣŷ绯ǵ⣬ֱӱĹȻ󶴴üġ
ԴӰѪȻʢһ˿졣Ǵʱȴʧȥ嵹£Ǭš
һ޵߱ɱˣ
һĻʲô޵Уʲôţʲôᶨȫ׵һߣֵŹŷ磬Ȼתߡ
ŷֱ֣ӽضգץ˻
ν޵ߣĲĶˣﵽһµĸ߶ȣֲεǿ߶ڹŷ˵ҲѾˡ
ûʧȥ־һĺƴһҲܹӻʱ䣬һʼͱŷŵˣν޵еţĭһ׵ر顣ǲŰô죬򵥵ıɱһˣʣһ˱ѹ
ǿĿɿڴ֪۵ǿ󣬵ֱ֣е̫ˡ
ֲþʮһֱ޵Ͳýͣʵ㹻˵һеˡ
ȻʣҲԲȾ۸ǿˡ
濪ڣһûУŷġ
ùŷȻôҲһ޵ߣôܹ˰ȫû޵ߵơ
ˣʹҲѾߵһһ˻ûг׿ЩˣӦú͹ŷսŶԡ
ⲻһ޵ߣһͨһ
Щ˶Ŀɿڴǳ羴ķ棬һǿ޵ߣôܹϻģǱðƺݺݳһ
ʵ̫ˣǶԼʶ档
㻹һ޵𣿡죬ŷűһ仰
ν޵ߣ޵Уܹ֣ʵ̫޵ߵˡ
Ҳɫͨ죬û˵ֻǹȴŷС
֪Լıʵ̫ˣĲѾΪһ޵ߣٹ⣬ֻҪһжпܡ
Ҳ޵ߡҡͷ
ȻϲԺΪ󣬵ǾȻ
ԣû޵ߵԣֻ޵ߵΪ㲻޵ߡŷͻȻڣĿ棬˷ϣӦһЩ
ڷϣܵǿķȴûľʵܲȶǱǿġ
֮ǰŷ;еŹֻ֣û޵ҲܹǿԾûж롣
ղ侲һ£ŷ쵽˲ԡ
Ͳһ޵ߣ޵ߵķ͵УȴûӦľͶ
ɫЩţǱϤʲôһ
ô£˵ŷǳ⣬ĿȻڷϡ
һǿ޵ߣŷ֪϶ǳˣһֲõԤС
Ǹ˸֧֧ᡣ
ŷŭˣϱһɱɱ⣬ֱָ棬÷һ£һڵϡ
߶£ɫףǱһ޵ߵӡ
ֱʶˡڣѹŷ硣
ŷӦûзϻֱӳ֣Էʶ
ҽУŷǿʶ˺ܴ˺쳣ʹ࣬ȴûãŷѹ޷


2439 ڳ
Ӵʶ֮еĶʱ򣬹ŷȴһ£һɿµϢȻֱӻٵ˷ʶ
ŷһ£һ㸺ˡ
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ԤУһսҲҪˡŷĿ
һս˻һһ
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޵ߵĲ֮ûֻֿܣһǹŷڴ֮ǰˣڶǹŷڸ߲ε
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󣬵׻ʲô˿ɱԼ
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ȥδһˣ˻ɱ˽
˵һֺܴĴ̼е㲻ܹܡ
ŷͷ˵δزǿԸıģƿһеĴڣѾˣοδһЩ飬ţֻҪʵ㹻ŤתǬ
ţս⣬һ㶼ʧ䡣
ܵŷĸȾں˺ܶ࣬΢΢һЦ˵һ꣬ʵ̫ҸˣҲûʲôÿϧģעδҵƴһս
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ЩĲأǹŹֵǣǺŶԷ
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֮УܶսһЩ֣ЩƿءڵĵطҲܵ
ʳ֣ɱߣǵʵǿ޵ߣûһѹ
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ڳ֣ڹŷλıԴ۽͵ࡣ
ŷɻŵۣ˵ס
һλһ޵ߣҪλıԴģԣ޵߲ô٣ΪλҪʱָԴĵĻλָȵԴĵĲ࣬λҲûų˰ˣʱͻᱻƿء֪ŷ粻ףĵĽ͡


2440 ɱ
ŷһȻ˵
λıԴʲô֪ȴԸӦ
ŷӦһ˵ʵλȷʵڱȻǺԣܹ쵽ԾѾܾˡ
ʵϣ˾ǲŷһʱ䣬ҲԾ쵽ǸʱҲѾˡ
ôܹ׳λıԴŷʵ
ɱ
ֻ˵һ֡
ɱЩ޵ߣյλ汾Դλ棬Ļܹλָʲ۵Ļ߹ŷ緽
ɱôˣŷ綼΢΢Щԥܿ죬վ˵ְɡ
ܿЩ˱߻Ϊ޵ߣǲû޵ߵ̬ǱֲʲôʾԵıܡ
϶׵ֶΣǵԺ֮Уһסǵʶһ̽飬ʶͻǹѹ֮±顣
ŷһ£ԼߵѣҪע𣬲ҪڵԼʵرּεģп׵ı
ֻԼʵǿ׵ġ
һУŷֱ
ʸڹŷΧס޵ߡ
ոճΪ޵ߵĴڣŷڹ۲ǣȴֱ֣ɱǡ
ǺˣΪҪΧסǣ޵ߺʣ½ǿߣҲʶŷǡ
ŷ̾ϢһⱾ˽ܣҺпߵһΪ޵ߣȴˣȻѾ޵ߵУȴҪɱˡ
һʧ˵е㲻ɳ֮ء
ŷֻϣӴЩ˲Ǻܶ࣬ȻĻҪɱ̫ˡ
Բˡŷֱ֣ѹһˣһԪظλ档
һ棬֣նɱһˣҲûʲôĵֿͽԷɱˡ
Ȼ޵ߣﵽزǹŷȻеٮٮߣһ˿ȵġ
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ĺڴ㽫ܹߵһҲܹԽڵľ磬ΪڣסҲ˵𺳡
ԺԺ˵ɣɱЩһŷûлشԽǳɳԽܹо׵Ŀ¡
Զżʶڤһս̫ˡôǿߣǸεĸ֣֣ûиɵףǿȫ
ףսʤ
⻹֮ǰףڵı˰ףߵһû֪
֪ŷ粻Ը˵ǵͷ͹ŷ翪ʼѰЩ޵ߡ
ң˭Ҳû뵽ۺ͵֣ʼɱЩ޵ߡ
ٶȺܿ죬̵ܶʱ֮ڣʮ޵߱㱻ǻɱˡ
úܶ˻֣̿ǲ֪ʲô飬ʵ̫ˣǵʣǹŷ磬˲ŶԣôɱЩ֡Ҫ֪޵һλľսɱЩˣսء
ˣܿΪʸ֮ģһԹ
ֻڵĴȻǣΪ˲ûе飬ǼȻɱЩ޵ߣͿ϶Լĵ
ܿ죬ϢΪҽ͡
Գ棬׵ֶΣΪ˱λҪƿλ档
Щν޵ߣʩչֶδģѾ˱˰׵ʶֻ
ֵֻ˼಻ϵ
޵ߣŷǲɱˡ
ֽͣ˽ŽɣҲұ֤˵ľġ
ܿ죬վΪεĻ֤
һ޵ߣ˺ͷ֮飬ߴࡣ
˼ܶҲ쵽Щ޵ߵĲԾǱһħһֻͷ
ģ˹ǵĻ
Ϊնɱ޵ߣŷӦҲ컯ǲŶԣŷûǸͷֻѰЩνļ޵߻ɱ
ҲĿãɱ֮󣬽ǵľ֮䣬ǿλıԴ
ֳһȥ˶ʱˡ
ǻȻзǾǷֵ磬Ҫ˶ãҪ׸ˡ
һ뵽ֿµĽܶ˻
׵飬֮ѾˣΪʿ֪


2441 в
Щν޵ߣҲڷˣҵͬ飬ȻԸ
ʣµʮ޵ߣһ𣬾Ҫͬŷǡ
գˡ
һµĴսǿŷˣѪˣǺüβһ㱻ɱΪԵǿʵǶˡ
޵ߣֻľʵΪѾﵽǸΣܹӳ޵˶١
ԣһ֣Ǽֲġ
ŷһ˵סˣ㹻ʮһʵѾߵһ侪˵ĵزһ㶼ѷɫɱ֡
ڵʣǵסεǿߣɫ֣أȻѾﵽ˼ˡ
ٶһ㣬ҲŲסͲǶ֡
޵ߣȻǲ̫ģʵء
գ˾һѪսɱЩ޵ߣǵľԪȫλ֮С
λڻָǰһ
Ӧλָ֮ŷǲһ
˶һۣԷеϲȫǽˣȻǶⲻֻһʱģȴҲ̲סˡ
Ҫɱǻѡŷ̾ϢһǴһ˵˶ԳΪѡ
ֻǣҪɱӦûзͷ
Ҫ²Ϊءüͷֱ˵
ŷɨһۣôǰûע⵽һһء
Ե۵ĻŷҲΪȻ˵²ûʸҪһΪǸ
̲סᣬʵ޻˵ˣ˵˹ŷ硣
ŷһ̣ʵҲùŷһ̡
϶̲סһ䡣
ŷϵЦʧݺݵĶŵۣϼһﾹȻϼһҪ֪أʮ꣬ҪǹŷãԼһֱһʮġ
Ҫ϶㶼ϳˡŷ
ɫһϳˣһҪ𣿾Ȼ˵
ߣӣҪ͹ŷ
ŷЦͬ׼ˡ
ʵ͵۶Դ򣬿϶䣬š
һס˵ۣЦã̲ס˵ˣҲ¹ŷ罫һϹͷ
һŭɫߺߵ˵ӵԶʮ꣬ϼһﾹȻ˵ϳˣҪϼһ
㻹Һϼһģһûһͷأϰŷֱһȭ˹ȥ
һֻ۾ֱӱˣʱͱˣ˻ʵ͹ŷⲫ
˴֣һţԷ
ԲۣĹͷôôӲһƣ͹ŷһܲˣԼŷıףǹŷȴһ鶼ûУֻ΢΢Щ졣
ֱӱŷ𿪣Զŷ磬Ҫˡ
ˬ
ŷһһˬ
һƣǺݺݵĳ鴤£ûŷһָ
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ĸӦһ̣һץס˻ʺ͵ۣȻ˲뿪
һ̣һֻ񷣬Ĩɱ˰򣬽Ǹղվĵطץˡ
ŷɫأȫϳһֵֻӵߡ
ף˰ףˣһɱˡ
ȻˣǰˣҲһ˲䱻ɱ
֮ǰŷ˰׻һڴȴһ㶼ûˡ
һ˰飬˰ʵ̫бˡ
ŭȫĿ䡣
ֻץ˰Ҫٴŷץ
˰ף㲻Ҫ̫֣ҪٸҳֵĻŲɱ⼸λеĴѣʱҿαֲࡣŷ˵ɱ죬ŭˡ
ԷҪǲĵĻŷ粻֣Ĵɱ䡣
ɱ⼸λĴѣʵ
ҲһʯٵֶΣʱ˰׿϶Ҫ֮նһɺһĴڣǸʱͲǲսʤˡ
ŷʶһ⣬ĳЩƭġҪ˵ĻЩδġ
뵽ŷһȴǿۿ˰׵ķӦ
ǶԷļɵĻ˵һûƭ
ֻͣһңٲࡣ
˵ȻϢ
ÿ𣿡ŷЦ
׼Լ
ŷûзϻһץֱûһλ浱УȻһץ˳
һ̣Ǹѱ飬һѲߣŷֱץ˹ɱ
׳ĬΣֻֻߣʧ


2442 ڤ
ˣ˶һ
ǶһҪ֣ǾҪʯˡ
ڽ쵰ˡ۲һԴϵ亹
޵ߣеٮٮߣףҲˣŵһͷ亹
һ򣬻ĳһЩɫָ˺
ŷɨһۣЩмҵһ֪ǾȻôˡ
ȻֱһɵӣԵüΪᶨ
ӵĿ˹ŷһۣۺͻŷ°
˫ڶ£Ҫˣŷ纹գһԴϵ亹¶һĨЦ
ţŶѡ
ŷЦ˵
ʱĵӵǿˣһﻹںơ
ðɣҳϸղűŹǺģԼһʯ٣˶ˣں£Ҳʧȥκˡŷ˵Լ뷨
ΪԼ־壬ʵǲĻ˭ܹɱȻ׶С
ǣŷȴԼߵ˳⡣
ǸղֱӳֶԸߵˣŷҪˣĽɣܹ
ǹŷΨһߣҲ˵ŵ㣬̫ˣһʶǳڻ棬ǾͿԿ
֮󣬲֪ǿʲôʱԿĴڣпԿ׵Ĵ𣿡ʶЩˡ
ļ֮ףԼе뵱Ȼˡ̫ǿˣڵľ磬ƶס׵һͷ˲䱻ɱ
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֣սףΪ״˺
ȻûɱףҲ֤һ飬ǾײǾԵ޵еģҲԱˡ
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ۼǿߣŷ絹һ㶼ԼδҲܹɳһԽһ
ʲô𾪣ѵλ֮лиǿĴڣǾȻ֪
˵ЩĿȣŹŷ磬ҪȷЩ˵֮ء
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ŷ˵ԼļţͬʱˣҲչֻǣû̫Ľ
Ȼֻǹŷǫ飬ʵǹŷԭȻᱻˡǾԲڵ׵ľ磬к͹ŷűȻĹϵ
ֻǣΪʲôҹŷ磬װʶӣùŷˡ
ףп϶вԾĵطԷʲô
ڤ𣬾Ȼǣ˵еλ֮Уǿߣ˱ǸǿˣҸ˵΢һ㣬ڤȫǸεĴڣĻʷдġ̲ס̾
ɫ֮Щ羴ȴҪΪִڡ
ֲءŷ̾
ҲֻˣŻʵ
ǿߣν޵ߣͲǶ֡
֮ˣҲֻйŷӽǸˣ˵ȣʵˣûдﵽĺԶء
һֱΪڤֻǴ˵û뵽ĴڣĿˡɫЩ
̤ڤľ磬ԽҵĿ꣬ߵһʲôףһһսɫҲЩ˷ܣս졣
ȻµĿ꣬Ե÷ǳ
޵˵ûĿ꣬ʹ飬Զ֪ǰ׻û·ʹǰߣҲԵ÷ǳĿ
޾ǵʵ̫ˣǶҪ
Ͱɡŷ˵ѵõûгǡ
ȫͷȻ͹ŷ뿪
ȻϼһҪȥȥˡ
ŷԿ϶ȵǳصʱʵ϶һ¥
ŷо˸׵飬ʱѾȶһεʱ䣬޵ߵҲˣҪˣԼʵ
ߵһҪǸڷܵǰҪŬܹ


2443 ɱ
ŷع磬̵ˣԼ顣
һͻƣΪǿߡ
ԯǴʣص£ֱӳ޵ߵС
һֿµı˾̾
ڹΣߵĸԶˣʼҲ̲ס̾ȷʵˣһԽǣʱʵѾ֮ˡ
ǻݺʵչĲ죬һ׼δ̤С
ڹ͹ЦЦǣȫ޵ߵУǰУǿ˼㡣
֮Уǿ߱ȫ
ŷĳ˭Ҳ֪ߵһ
ΣڵʵڹŷӵǰҲоѹ޷̽鵽ŷﵽʲô硣
ǹ֪ŷʵ϶ǰҪǿ̫ˣԽˣﵽһδľ硣
ֻǣŷչ֣ڳҪĳʱ䱬
ȵ죬϶쳣ľˡ
һգŷڱ֮£ڴʱоһ뿪
һ֪Ĵ֮Уǿ߲࣬ŷסһˡ
Źŷ磬̲ס̾Ϣû뵽ʵô죬Ѿк۵ʸˡ
Щ̾ϢŹŷ磬һ˿ڡ
ûɱңŷ絭ʵ
Զŵʱ㣬ʱҲܾȣǸʱѾܹɱˡ䵭˵
ŷʱѾ޵ߵУҪǿɱŷ磬϶Ҫ׾쵽ûг֣Ҫӽŷ磬ȡΣȻɱŷ硣
ֻǣû뵽ŷʵô죬ûκλˡ
һμңû˵ʵһ֮ڤףȷʵǿģϧΪڤǿŵ䵱ʱľ磬ʧȥ˺ͱ˰׵۵ʸ񡣡ŷЦڤ̫ǿˣһˮ׵ľ磬ô޷ָ̫ǿˡ
ŷĺңһָоڤ䣬ڵı˰׿¶ҪǿǱɹû˵ĻǸûһᡣ
Һޣѡһǿλ棬ҲЩλĴھͻˣһɥȮһŶ¶ͷһ⣬ŷ֮Ҳɱ⡣
ʵϣǹŷĻҲôǱ䵽һز
ܣǲôֽŷЦһм
ЩνףҪƿһУЩʿôԸ⣬ȻҪ⣬һʿ뱻ūۡ
ǱסЦ˵
仰˵꣬Źŷ磬˵㵽Ҫô
ףŷҵԼԲΪ˺˵ġ
ɱ㡣ŷͻ֣ǹϡ
˻һ̲סЦˣֻЦȴǳ䡣ͬʱŹŷ֮У˲м
Ȼҵ׵ľ磬Ҳ˭ɱģ˱˰ף⼸λ棬޵еġţͲΪŷʵԼ޵С
ĿŹŷ磬˵ȻҪҾͳȫ㣬Ȼðű˰׷ֵΣգҲҪɱ㡣
׼ˣȻԼʵҲŷɳˣΪŷǱʵ̫ˣ䶼̲סģٸŷʱĻҲҪˣԽʵɱ
ԣɱ˹ŷ硣
ְɡŷ縺ֶȻ֡
ŭˣŹŷ磬˵̫ˣ򣿾ƾҲң
ĺɱ졣
ûԥֱӳ֣֮֮ǰҪǿ˲٣ȻҲڽֹǰ
дЦģԻɱŷ磬һ㶼ѡ
һ̣ɫˣŷվﲻһȭֱĹ
ôܣš
ڤҲ˰ɣǶףһ㶼˽С
ȻˣҲаտɱǡ
ڣȴˣŷ֣ĹһѶûС
ףʱŷʵѾˣҪǿơ
ҪˡȻɫ²ŷʵ
ʲôУߵһҪʲôˣǿȻܹɨһУνɣֻϸǿѡŷ絭˵νĽɣ˺ܶˡ
ڤˣҪͻƣȴ޷ʵ
ǹŷߵ·ȴһҪ룬Լʵ
ߵһһУͲҪʲôˡ
ŷԼ·ֻҪȥԳԽһǿߡ


2444 
ҡͷŹŷ磬ЩĬ
Σſڣߵʲô·㶼ˡ
ɱ⣬Ҫŷ硣
к۹ŷߵʲô·ѾвԼʵˣң·һֱȥ϶Ҫлɱʵ
Ը⿴ģŷȻѾ֪ƭ϶֡
ΪۣɱһеУ㣬֮󣬽Ǳ˰סŷƽ˵ƾˣ˵ĻȻ䶼һ
Цһֻ˵֣
ǽˣչ˼ս
ⲻǿֿۣµĴƣŸԵķۡһըϵ£ƬĴǺ𣬸͵סǿ֮ļս
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ʱŷ䣬޾֮С
ֻǣǲܵӰ죬ŶԷΪģγһǲ޵Ӱ졣
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ɱ
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ħһͷ趯ʩչµŷ˹ȥ
ŷһЦ罣ɳ޾ޣֱն
죬ֱϣһѪֱӱ롣
бѵ壬пµķ˸ţֹϣǹŷĵȻΪףſµķ֮Ҳûа취ӣҪķѴȥ޸
ŷȴûиᣬ֣Ҫһնɱ䡣
㲻ɱҡٴαԪܵ˿µشʱڿ־ˣ󺰣ϣŷס֡
һɱɡŷƽޱȣս䣬ĮȻ˵
Щţ壬ŷȻûг֣һ
ΪλУǻٵףҪˣλ棬Ҫ֣ȻĻסǡһѿ˵
ҲĻŷ絭˵
ĿȻ׼֡
ˣѵ֣ΪΪʲôɱǣҪ¸֣պһ𿹺Щڡŵ˵ϣŷš
кףǹŷ粻ŵĻԼˡ
ˡŷͷѡĻˡ
ʵϣһײ֣ŷҲЩ֣ŷãԼвҲ׻ῼһ£ǲߵôʹ졣
¶һĨϲɫһ̣һٴα顣
㡭һŭ
˵ˣû˵ɱ㡣ŷĿƽϣץ˳ȥһӽץУһ̣޾ӿ
ҽУȴûһ취ڿٵɢ
ԹŹŷ磬ڵġ
ӿֱӽû
һױɱ֮䡣
ŷЩ̾ûʲôܹôڵģǿˣмһ졣
Ŀ䣬׼뿪
ڴʱŷ͵תԶһʻɢǿϢ
ŷһϢ֣δ޾֮ߣսԺ⣬Ҫдӳ֣ʵ
վսǰ档
սܴͬһ޴ǳ޾֮䣬ȴԵúС
սվǿߣһĿ
ǵʱ򣬹ŷ̲סһ
ЩǿߣҲ𣬶űסŵλߡһЩСͷĿģǴΪ
ǿһʵӽڹŷ硣
һǿߣһĿȻҲ˹ŷ磬ȫ˵ɱ⡣


2445 ȫն
һѳǹѹ䣬һ֣Ҫɱŷ硣
ŷ翴ǸһۣһǰѳǹѣڶԷֵ֮УǸը飬ŷɱ
ʱϵǿȫĿ䣬ڹŷϡ
ʲôˣôδЩǿߣŷѯʣЩϵͬеõǸƬϵϢ
ֻ֮£Щ˲١
ɱ
ûлش𣬴ϵ˳֣ٸȫʩչɱŷ硣
ŷûκζһתЩȫը飬һɿµսս𶯡
ǿ
쿪ڣǶŹŷ磬˿εɱ⡣
սͣŷţǿͬʱ˳һԲ׼ɱŷ硣
ĿȻûһ飬סŷ磬ɢεɱ⡣
ǲ׼˵ˣȻˣѹǣѲһŷЦһǰ
޾֮жŷֱӳ֣ǿߡ
ǿ֣߳Ƕ쳣£ȫǹŷǿߣ࣬ȻĴڣҲ˿Է
ǿһ֣֮£޽⡣
ŷЦѪڣڣֱѹ¡
䡣
ײһĴǿȫˡ

ŷ̾һһ֮ˣһ޵еսһѹ¡
Էһǿ߱ˣѪܡ
һ̣ŷתȭգһһݻ𲻶һѽЩ֮гһǿߡ
ԷХҲһ󣬻ۼףƿһս⵱ŷĽ
վûеסǱɳȥȾѪһ㱻顣
һǿҲɱǿƣͷʮÿһһŷѹ¡
ŷ緢˿裬ͬһһ㣬ϣֱӶʮشʮرըǸ˸Ǳŷķ˿סֱ˺顣
վһµǿߣԶ¾ۼһ𣬻ָ˹
ֻһ˲䣬ǿߣ͹ŷ൱ȴˣǵսԶԶŷ硣
˵ǵݡŷƿս֣ƽ˵Ļ
ǿЦûŷĻٴγ֣ԼĹ
µƵҪɱŷһˡ
ͬʱսϵĴҲ˳ЩԦսŷɨһ⡣
ŷſһ֣סеĹ
ըַݺᣬƵǶã޷ͻǸ֡
սϵ˶̲סȻʲôӵĹôܹסһʵֲ̫ˡ
֪ԼеˣȻһȺǿһֶûã˲Щˡ
ŷߣΪۣӶУȻ֣ɨˡ
һը𣬴ѿѪ飬һˡ
ǿߵˣơ
ǺȻŹŷ磬һǿߣʵֱֱ׷ǵˡ
֮䣬ֻнɴڿѹ
Ĵ֮⣬ǹŷĶ֡
̫ǿˣߵľߣʵѾԽ̫ˡ
Ȼ˵ȥɡŷĮޱȣܹµЩ˵ݡ
ֻǣԷȻ޾֮кɶˣǹŷû뵽ġ
Ҳ˹ŷһϢǾǶԷЩλ涯ˣսϵǿߣֻͷӡ
Щ˺ǿǽһĻҪ⡣
ŷ֣ɱһһǿߣȻѣҲסһ
ƺԼΪۣȵۺͻʶҪǿơ
ʱ۵ʵɨһǿߡ
ǿ߳˹ߵ˼ߵľ磬޵֮гҪǿǴʱȴŷĲͣĺˡ
ǻըܵ˿µش
ǿڱɫˣ֪ãǰʵ̫ǿˣԽ̫ࡣ
ɱ
ŷ֣ɨˣҪɱǡ
ǿҲƴˣǸовʱɫս𶯣ͶӰһ޴ķࡣ
һۼ׵Ĺͷȴֻһǣͬһȴһβͣ鲼ۼס
ǣ֮ǿ߶¶ϲɫ
ŷ΢΢һܵ˾޴в
Ǹһ֣ɱŷ硣
ǿߴϲǳģùŷˡ
ŷЦֱӳȥɨǿߡ
ʲôǿȫȻû뵽֮£ŷ绹Լ֣ѵͲԼӳ֣ɱ
ֻǣʱҪסŷ磬Ѿˡ
ŷ籬ˣһɱ˹ȥ
ۡ
Ƶ͹ŷ籾嶼ʵ㣬˲ɱǿߡ


2446 ɫĺ
Ǿ߷࣬ĮԼ¸ȴʲôû˵ޱȣȻֱŷһȭ
޾޷ֿµ
ŷɫأ֣ͬȭͷţ棬ɱȥ
䡣
֮ŷ絹˼Ŀ棬߷ǿһǿߵͶӰ̤㵽˽
ˣһս׵ĴڣǰǾǾ춯صġ
һ߷࣬вŷ硣
һתһ嫵־ڹŷϡ
ŷ絹ˣܿ㶥סˡ
˫ֽʥӡûԼ֮Уսﵽ˴ߡ
䡣
ʥȭȥޱȣԽ˹ŷеͯԼͨʺľɳﵽ˿µĵز
Ǿ߷һֻҲˣͣĵˣʼɢ
ŷֻ֣شȥڷϡ
˵Ĺȵٲ࣬ҲҪɱң
ţȻ·磬ȴøӵ̬ȣʵϹŷʵȷʵȴҪһս
ĻȻǿ󣬵ȻǹŷĶ֡
ûвˣֻиǿˣĻֻŷ˵ࣿ仰˭˵ɱһɴڣҲûʲô˲ġ
ϣ֪жߣ࿪ڣɫм
ŷһȻͬĮȻɱ졣
ٴζ֣չս
ò˵Ǿ߷ĺǿ󣬹ŷ罫ս˼ޣòײնɱ˶Է
ɢŷһֱӽɫĴ֮С
ڴ֮ѰҪҵЩ˵
һḥ̂˹ŷע⣬ָָսķһ㡣
һֱӼԦս෴ķȥ
սٶȿĲ˼飬޾֮У衣һּĲ͵ģҪӲȻˣҲ˺ۣǱʲôĶһ
ȻˣսȻ̵࣬Ĳ˼顣
ܳһʱ䣬ŷһߡ
ֱֹͣսһɫĺǺɫĺˮȻŷ磬ˮ̲ס΢ܵ˾޴в
ںϣͬкɫսȴѾţûκϢ
ͬʱŷ绹˱ĶɣһǿߣҪˡǣһƬ˴˹Ǹ˱飬Ȼ󱻺ɫĺɵˡ
ŷ絹һʲôطȻôаԣ޾֮УȻһƬ
ĿǰȥһµѪ֮䣬ɷһλ档
ǽǿߣŷһоȻǿɡ
Է״̬ãݹᾣȫѪȻһƬ֮Уܵش
ңŷȻԿԷǶԷȴ֪жٵľ롣
ǿҪǹĻҪѲ֪µʱ䣬϶Ϊλġ
⵽һʲôطŷ̲ס˵һƬ˲֪ʲôطſµǿںɣҪҪȥ
֪ȴԸоһƬħԣȻԼ룬ҲĿܡ
ڴʱһӰվ˹ŷߡ
һӣȫһƬʵĹ֮УһϵϢ
ŷһֱԶԷ
ף˰ףŷĶŶԷʱ׼ˡ
ֽ׶Σ׵Ķ֡
㲻÷ңʵӦллŶԡ׿ڣ֮ûκ
ΪʲôŷѯʣлԼһӲỵ˰ɡ
ɱ䣬ôܹϵһջҪлл㡣ƽ˵
˻һŷˡ
û뵽Լնɱ䣬Ȼȫס
Ҫлҡŷ룬˵
΢΢ͷŹŷ磬Ҫôл
Դһáŷ綢׵Դ
㡣
ֱժԼԴ˹ȥ

ŷаһûжܣֱӽ׵Դɨ˳ȥںɫĴ֮С
䡣
󺣷ˣǸԴУޱߴˡ
ǿ׵ԴҲڿٵɢȻˡ
Ǳ׵һһһԴȻŹŷ硣
Ѿлˣڿ˵˵֮˰ɡ׵˵Źŷ磬ǿѹ
ʲô飿㻹Ҫл𣿡ŷգ۾ʵ
еҪ޳ܶˡ׵һЦ
еҪȤˡŷҲЦˡ
һ̣˼ͬʱ֡
ֻһУŷˣһѪ׵ʵ̫ˡ
򣬲Ķ֡


2447 
ŷ˿ˣᣬվԶ
׵ʵδȫվڳֻһ㣬㹻ˣˡ
ʵҵˡ׵˵Щ⣬û뵽һ֮£Ȼδɱŷ硣
ʵûгҵϣɱҡŷĿ棬һЦ
ʱٴݣ׵в˭¶Ҵݡ

׵˵һɳȥŷƹȥ
ŷӡϱ޴ķޣһ
˲䣬ը飬ŷҲˡ
ɱ
ŷ繥ףʥȭԵƱҪһС
һתʥȭĹס󷴵ȥ
ŷ㿪һȭ뺣У޴Ĳ
׺ȻɫΪһʬ˳һϷε飬Ȼȥ˲֪£ϵ˺ȻѪѪȻ޺죬ͬոȥһ
Ǿʬһ׶֣˲佻սһ
ըȻǵڲһЩˮǺܿ첹ϡ
ŷվһߣתߣûκԥ
ߣʱ޷Ǿʬܿ£Ȼȥʧȥ۷սҲǣסһʱ䡣
ʱǾʬҪں֮С
׳֣Ǿʬ壬Ҫȥ
ŷ֮Уɫء
ʲô飿γŹŷ磬ܵ˹ŷ״̬
ŷˣκĸоһ㡣
նɱһ侳ףɱһȺ֪ݵǿߣ֮һƬһƬкܶǿںɣûи׾ͱ׶ˣгһǿߵʬ壬ססŷһԼ˵һ顣
ȻǹΣЩ㶣һŷӦ
һ϶ô죿ʶһ⣬װǸʬ֮󣬿϶ɱ
򡣡
ŷֻ˵һ֣Ǽᶨ
ײܹˣս֮߳ʵ㹻ߣо˹ŷĻع顣
϶򲻹ҡͷ
һŷȻҲףôսܵģͲˡ
һ취ŷ۾һ
˻һǶĿ˹
ŷû˵𻨣ֱ˺λϣ뿪
һ̣һǿλ棬ǿƣӦŷϢȫ˳
в޵ߣиǿߣǶŹŷ磬Χסˡ
ŷЦ£һֻѹ䣬ֱ˼ѡ
ȺѾŭ¶ȻɫΪܵвǰ˺ǿɱǡ
ۡ
ֻһ⼸ѱ㱻ɱ
ʲôȻ޵߶ɫʹǳ֣Ҳûʵɱ޵ʵ̫ˡ
㵽ʲôˣһ޵̲סʵ
Ǿ۹ŷ磬ǿߡϳ˹ŷݡ
һŮӣնǿ
һɫսףŷ֮˹ŷݣ֣ŷ硣
֪ݵˣҳ֣Ҳɼˡŷ絭һЦһָͷѹ䣬ͬһ¡
ŮӺɳȥս飬һ㱻ˣ˲ܵش
û°ɣѲʹʵ
ŮҡͷǿѾԽһ޵ߵľ硣
Ǻ͹ŷȣǲ̫Զˡ
ۣ飬Ͳ׽㡣ʡ
ŷЦˣɫЩĮʲôףղŻҪɱңɱѲʹҲǶһ棬ҪΪĶƿ֮УʯٵĻ͸ʵһ㣬նеѲʹɱЩλдѣҿȥҴҩ
һεвŷδ֣վһ㡣
һΣŷҪжҪ׼ɵ
ٸһʱ䣬ŷаѿסּԼ֮Щ˽⣬ҲǺԶˡ
ȻĻŷҲܴ׵ӳȥȻǾʬԭ򣬵վǹŷʵǿ
ЩѲʹԾԳˣȻûɱŷ硣
϶ʲôԹŷŸǳֵġ
Ȼ˭Ҳ׻ʲô飬޵еģһҶǳ
ŷ磬ˡһ׳˻ЩǱкɫĺˮ䡣
ղŴսıǾʬ˺УŻǱ
ʱջع飬ӦԼϳˣ˲͸˹
ӡ
ȫ£
״Ӽ˵ǰ߹ȥͲһۣõ޵ߣõĴѣľͬ׵ūһûκελ


2448 ն
ŷԶ˶Է˾롣һ֣֯һγһط˲Ӧᱻ׻ɱ
ҵϡ׶Źŷ硣
֮д֯һγһµĵϮɱŷ硣
ơ
ŷֱ֣ӱ˵
Ҳˣ任λãһƬ֮г֡
ԭλ棬ɫЩ
ǳԾû뵽׳֣Ȼδɱ˹ŷ磬ӳȥˡ
֮ǰֻţļһĻĳԾˡ
ʱ򣬹ŷһ䣬ץһˣһѣڶԷ֮Уŷֱӽ飬ɱѡ
ҳֽ֣ŷЦ˵
ǿƣȻ׵Ķ֣ȴַʽס
ɫѿ޷һƬ֮г棬ŷɱеĴѣ˴ҩҪ鷳ˡ
Ļ׵ʵԸκһλ棬αػīֱɱ˾Ϳˡ
ǣȴܹΪҪĴҩ

ֱŭһ
Ȼ仰ܲ˶֮еΡ
׷ɱŷ磬ɹʲǺܸߣһŷѣ˵Ľ
ԣǳ꣬ŷ硣
ҲҪΪʲô֪һɫսкں֮⣬ʲôҸɴڣǶȹںȻףҲҪ䣬ҪȥòҪҶ֣ĻԺҲһսѡŷ絭˵
ף׵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻŷĻ˵Ŀˡ
ɵĴڣһЩλ棬ȹ˺ںʱҪԵԼ൱ĸ֣Ԯûа֡
ֽעġ
ʵϣŷĳ֣ҲϣһӵгǿߣֻҪɹ̤Ǹ磬ŷͿ԰ֿǿߡ
ں棬Լڽ˽Ĺŷ硣
ߣϣǱЦ˵ɫҲ
ɫãȻ֪˵Ļʲô˼ֻԼãҲҲҪеˡ
ȻԸЩ˵ʲôӵ˰ɡŷ綢ס
Цŷ֮дһỊ̃ڵľ磬ûʸ֪ǣ֪Ķ֪ҸҲûá
ûдͣʱ׵֮ϣһϸ΢ơ
ŷһӦеλһһֿµҪٵס
ߣҪң˭ҲЦһҩ衣
һѪ⽫УЩλϢʴ
ŷһҩ裬һȫľֱƳ˴ҩ̺µķ򣬻סס
ЩʧҲ޸ˣŷ̾ϢһһѰɱˣֻΪ׻ȥ
ǿΪǿʳʱʾ쾡¡
ŷתߣ
ˣˣʵ
˱һۣЦ˵ȷʵҪһսˣδǸˣڤ֮Уǿߣ˭ʤˣܹΪһսˣǶҪΨҶ𡣡
ٲࡣ
Ǵ󺰵
ɨһۣһʧ
ŷص˾ݣƽǲһ
ľ˵һ飬оһ˵ܾûô򵥡
ҲָоŷҲǵͷ
״Ӧ̫ʹˣⷴùŷвܾòô򵥵ġ
ڵʵֻҪ׳֣ûʲôԵˣֻҪٰһʱ䣬ʲôо˸
ԥһ£˵ҿ԰ʵɾ硣
˵仰ɫ΢΢Щ졣
Ҫʵõķܼ򵥣˳Ϊޡ
͵ڽԼ˹ŷ磬Ȼ͹ŷദʱܳˣǾ밮飬ǲһ㡣
ŷ翴˻뷨ҡҡͷ˵ãǾۣҪһ㶼޷ԺôвİɣҪ೤ʱ䣬ұնס
ţ˿ᶯɢͬʵʵս⡣
ۡ
ʱһӤ޳
ŷһȻЦҵĺˡ
һ̤һ֮С
ڴϣһСŮӤСŮӤͷϳǣԵú
ҵĵڶŮͽŰϣһƽƽŷЦ˵ֱӸСŮӤ֡


2449 
һӵѪĺӣ츳һֱǿʵӵ͹ŷѪơ
һ绽꣬쳣ǿ
СѾͷȵĹЦЦ
ŷȴܸˣһӳˣڹŷ˵һֵø˵顣
ʵԽߣҪ˳ȻҪһӵĻһ׵顣
ŷûԼֶεõһӣ˳Ȼ˵ӡ
౧źӣһҸ
ĽȸǾ죬ֱ˷䡣
ȻѾͷҲҪӣȥȥˡ
ôҿЦãڽ⽿Ըԡ
Űĳ綼ƽһϲ졣ͬʱҲкӳ
ҵһ£ʿĴ֮ҲһСкͬ츳
ӣһţǣһڤ
Ӷǳǿڼ̵ʱ֮ڣΪﵽһ˵ĸ߶ȡ
˶ϲõʱһսȴ
ڤ֮УһǿڤһȻ׼硣
һǿߣϢУӰ˻ϣǿ󵽲˼ĵز
ڤ𣬻ǿߣȫηǿߡ
ȫȻΪ޵ߣûһǶԷĶ֡
һµĴڣ֪ѵһ̣ʼڤḶ́ݿ࣬һЩصĵطδ̤֮⣬ڤѾȫϡ
һλ棬һͳΣ쳣˵һ顣
˼бɱ飬еǿѾ֪ˣû˸ڴԷüͷ
һֲĸоһգŷͻȻ˵
Ŀ䣬ǸӦʲô
ʲô飿ٻʵӶŹŷ磬Щɻ
֪ŷڵʵ൱ǿ󣬳׳֣Ļû˿вŷ硣֮⣬ŷĿ˵ǹŽ޵ˡ
޵ߣۣѹһеС
ֻ֪ǸоһϤϢˣΪǿ󣬵һϢһİĸоǻҲвһŷüͷ
Ŀ棬֮У͸գԿĳһ
ڤ򡣡
ŷͻȻ˵
ͬʱڤ֮еǸǿߣң񷣬Ŀ⴩Խλϰŷۡ
䡣
λıԵһǿĲŷһֱվ
ʲô飿ٻԾʵ
ŷҡͷֱϵдѼǿߣ缯ϣ׼ս
ŷһη
֮Уд֮ϵǿȫǲ֪ʲô顣
ǣȴû˵飬ֱ硣
һǿ޵ߣҲдѣȫȻϣ̤֮ϣΨҶ
Ҳüͷɫɻ
ŷǿƵټôˣⲻ϶ʲôµ鷢ˡ
Ҳڵʵ֮нڹŷ磬ԼоĳЩ
»֣ɣڵʵȻ޵ߵУǿƥ
һӼ׵˳֣ȻȴһֿµĶս֮գЩҲͻˣΪ˴ѡ
йսϱ۾ɴ۵ȺܶˣȫͻƣΪǿߡ
֮ǿߴ󱬷£޵߶˺ܶ𣬸οǴѣЩ˶˽ܣ츳ڣֻΪĳЩѹƵԭԲûͻƣڣ¶ͬʱҲЩȥķ˲֪٣ȫڶʱ֮ͻˡ
ʲô飿ۿʵ
ڤҪˣߡŷĻһ˵˶ɫ䡣
ʹ֮еǿߴ󱬷Ҳû˸Сڤλģô򵥵ģſʵ
䡣
ŹŷĻһ򱻹ᴩֻش
ŷͷ˺Ѵϣ˹ȥ
˽˭Ҳڤ֡
ŷһֻشûֱӳ֣һ֮еȫȻ͵˱Ĵ֮С
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ǿˣϧҲˡŷ̾Ϣ
ѾӦ˵ݣڤ֮еһˣû뵽ԶŵڣȻ֡
Ѿȥˣֻ岻࣬»ԪѾһȫµԹŷ˵Ҳˡ


2450 ˭޵У
ǺˣôоϤǸǿ߿ڣŹŷ磬ת硣
ǿҲϵվڹŷ󣬵ڤĴһ
ڤǿʵ̫ˣȻǣһһײȻλ涼Ҫ
սϧˡŷ̾Ϣ
ڤ֮һǺεȵĸ飬սףҵ˼㣬ȼ˰ڤ򣬽һ׻ˣǸ硣
ǲһǿĲ˼顣
ȻǹѣǾ뿪ԷڣҪŷ뿪
˶Цһһ̫˽ŷˣŷ岻һǣԭ⣬Բ˺ֵġ
ңŷͻȻЦʵ
Էһ£Ȼ۾Źŷ磬㣿޵£ɨλ棬ʲô
ܽȵߵĸԶ̤Ŀ޵ˡ
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ۣѹһеУ޵Сǿߴ
ƾõŷԼʵ֤һ㣬޵еģȻǵҲܹ档
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ۣ޵еĴʡ
޵Уҵǰû˭ҳ޵СڤͷߵһЦ
ĿŹŷ磬һҽƿأƿһУ޵Уٸһʱ俼ǣǵҵ·
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ڣƿҪʵˡŷ絭һЦߣȻĿǡ
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һʹУŷ粻ҪȴòкĻߵѣҪΣա
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ƿصǰЩ޵߾ͬһ㱰΢Ƕ֡
ǣŷȴԺƿһսҽԷˣʵѾԽ̫ˡ
ƿ̧ͷŹŷ磬üת޸˺˵Сˡ
ûи߹㡣ŷ絭˵
ת޸˺һ˫Ӷƿأս졣
ߣ䣬Լѡ񡣡ŷȣ𶯣ŽԲ
˭Ҳỳɹŷʵʸ˵ֻƿأҲ·磬һս˭ʤ˭˵
ǣҶǳŷһʤʡ
ֻһν֣ǾһָоŷʵԲƿһ֡
Ǻǣ˵ˣ޵Уն㣬򡣡ƿЦ˵ɫ֮дһĨȻ
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û˸ǰ˵޵Сŷ翪ڣǸղƿ˵Ļڱŷ˵һһ˶Էϣƿɫ쳣ÿ

ƿЦɱ˹
תµħŷɱȥ
ŷ֣ʥȭһУսԷ
ǽ֣ȸղŸңһǽӽ׵ǿߵ棬µ˼㡣


2451 
˷񣬿µ˼㣬Ŀ絶ŶԷ֣̺ͨһϡ
ŷʩչһֶϻ꣬һ˶Է
ǣҲƿصһУɳȥӶˡ
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˶һ˵ԶԶء
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ֻƿȻҲо˹ŷ˫սͱ̫ˣսȥԼûаա
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ԣŷ統ʱҪȥڤ֮в̽


2452 ϴ
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ŷһʩչۣȥ۲ɽ塣
ʱγ֣ùŷ


2453 ܵ
ɽ壬ˣվ̫֮ǰӲãأɰ˷Ԫ컯׳ԼϢ
ŷĿڤˣǹȻʣһµԪҪˡ
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ŷֻ֣ͬ죬Էײһ΢΢ûռˡ
ףͬˡһһŮӵ⵹ùŷ羪ˡ


2454 Ͼ
һŮ߳е㲻ࡣ
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˵ĽɴڣҴû˵˳ɹǸ硣Ͼ˵
ŷһôܡ²⣬Ȼô༴ɴڵǿߣǿߵĴڣԵЩȻˡ
ǣʵȴее㲻һϾĴڣ˲֪£ִ֪ڡ
ò˼ɣʵкܶһ·߸裬ڶ̶ʮʱ֮ڣﵽڵ磬ȴûͻƣ޷Ǹ磬֮һֶѹƴͻơ˵ϾɫЩѿ
ҲһǿߣȻҲҪ򣬵һֱþ˷Ҳһ㡣
ҲûʲôµģҵֵĻɱһǿߣҲ£˵νףʵ൱ڽǿߣǰѣ׵ʵҵǿǲǲսʤϾ鵭һЦɫ֮гš
ȻĴڣҲһ㶼ûзϡ
ŷ̲סһڿˮǿߵķɣʮ㣬֮£ȷʵе̫Сˡ
Ҳֹܹŷ磬ֻһˣȻͬվ磬ʵǿ󣬵վ̫һ㣬Ĵڡ


2455 һܵ
һʵϾŹŷ磬ͻȻ˵
ŷһϾ飬Ҫ֪ʲô˼
Ͼƽ˵ֻҪһʵ㲻Ҫᡣ
ְɡŷ絭һЦ
ԼˣȻϾǿߣҲѹ
Ͼ֣ƱãǽһƬտĴ
ǿ߹ģԽסǿһսս
Ͼ֣һ
ţһУǿޱȣһŮӣǿĲ˼顣
̤ڴ֮ϣ߳Լķ͵ŷ硣
ŷѪ⾧ӨѪ𶯣ϼ죬һȭȥûмɣֻޱߵŽδ
˵Ĺײ˸Ȼȫը飬ǵˣŶԷһĨɫ
еҪǿϾ龪ȵ˵
һ̣Դһ֣һоŲ㣬ͨɫÿһУӡһ顣
ŷ濴ȥ𺳵ķ֣Щ鶼ǳǿ󣬴׺ݵϢȫǴףʵҲѾﵽ硣
Ĵףһˣ;ŲܵסҾʹȥһطϾ΢΢һЦ
һ̣ŲŴ󣬽ŷС
ڵһʱ֮۾ǶŹŷ磬˵ɱ⡣
֣µɱ죬Ҫն˹ŷ硣
ŷ𶯣¶˼ɫһ𱬷ɱ⣬һ㸺ˡ
ŵѹ£ŷûκԥչ˷
һֻֽʥӡһֻʩչֻأüһɳȥԡ
ͨһȫȥ
ŵʱȴסˣŷһŴǿߣ쳤ХͷųµҪһС
𶯣׹죬ȫ쳤Хٴγ֡
ߡ
ŷߣһ˶Ŵ񣬶չķ
Ų𶯣ŴȫվȻ߳Ҫסŷһˡ
ǣŷ֣ɨˣԼ۷սŴ֣סһ
ŷ֣ɨɾŴ񣬶һȭ档
Ͼ˹ŷһۣɫ΢΢Щףջŷһ˿𺳡
ĺǿϾ˵ŷʵˡ
ŷ³һղŵսҲǼ޴ġ
Ŵ񣬸죬ŷͲһѹƲסˡ
սһᣬδܹסŷĵ˵
սһᣬֱӴ˹ŷһۣϾû˵
ŷٺһЦûз
ʵҪǿġ
ھŴʵŷҲо𺳣ǾǾŸĴڣҲҲֻΪǱˣѹˣûе۷սĻŷ粻ܵסŴ֡
ܺŴǹŷҲ֪ԼʵˣҲ벻֪ǵʲôˡ
Щ˾ڵʵ̫Զˣŷһָоʣδ֪Щ˵Ĵڡ
Ҫȥʲôطŷʵ
Ͼ飬Щ棬ףϾǿߣԼȥĵط϶һ㣬Բһĵط
ȥ˾֪ˡϾ΢΢һЦû˵
뿪սص֮ܵС
ŵĴ𾪣Ƕʱף˵ʵ̫ǿˣǿԺԼȵĴڣȻĻᱻǵ˴ս֮бԡ
ղҿûŭ˵
ǵģһ㰡
ľ
ŷȴûǵ뷨Ͼ뿪һ֮ܵС
һŷ;סˡ
֮ܵУǿƣž˵Ϣʮ
ǿ߶ֹһкö޵߸ǲ£ȴʲô
ŷעģϢǿǺһǿߡ
ŷ𺳣λ֮УȻôĸ֣ǰˣϾ飬ʵͲڤˡ
ŷָӦһϤϢ
һǰ
ǺںϢֻǣôطУⲻӦ޾֮ôҲС
Ͼ飬ʲô˹һ𣬸߸ϣŸӲİԵ
һǿߣʵǿ󣬲ҵȡϾ鿪ڣ˵ŷݺʵ
𣿡ǸһЦһ£ŷѹȥ
Ҫ̽ŷʵûдһк͵Ϯ
ϾǺЦ֪ӵҪԿˣе̫Сƹŷʵˡ
ŷ絭һЦֱһ˹ȥɫָţֱһƽӸķɳȥ


2456 
Ӳһѿˡ
ŷƲͣڴ֮ϣȻҪӸһ㡣
𶯣Ҫѹŷ磬ȴ
ǧɳȴŷһɢ
һֻץס˴ӣĽӶ˹
ʲôϾԾ
֮УҲ𾪵ɫ
ĺǿ𶯣
һ˴֮߳ŷץȥҪشӡ
ŷ絭һЦǳȴһȭȥ飬ֺͶԷײƬʱ˶һȻˡ
Ŀ棬˫ս졣
һս׵ǿߣѪʣùŷ羪ȣԷǸվһսϵƶûкأͺӴˡ
һӻ˶Է
Էоһ΢΢ͷȻһ뿪
ŷܹокɫĺϢ쳣Ũ
⵽ʲôطŷʵ
пĵط޾ǿߣڷϾ΢΢һЦŷ˵
ǿߣŷüͷ뵽˺ں֮ɵЩǿߡ
ɱвһƬʱյˣ޾֮ǰսڣδϡϾ˵
ȻЦǹŷȴԿɫ֮еĳء
ҼǵǸطӦǿߡŷָźں˵
ЩĿ˹ŷһۣϾ΢΢ͷû뵽Ҳ֪ǸطҺ˽⣬Һ֮Уʱյǿߣڸ£սҪһ𣬾һǿߣսЩλ档
ŷʱվסˣĿ絶Һص˵Բ鷢
ŷкЩλԱסԶҺﵽжǿߣ˵Ҳ˵ǣֻҪкɵģͼ£ҲĴڡ
һֱڷնɱ˲֪ٸ֣ҲʧأǰʮˣֻʣˡϾ˵ɫЩɬ
λֻλּǿ𣿡ŷһ
ϾҡͷбˣЩ²ؼ߸߹ǾãȻв͹췢ҲܲǵϣΪ㹻ǿ󣬿ԻһΣ
˵ϾҧгݣΪ˵ĴڣǱ㹻ǿ󣬵ȴû㹻ȥ⡣
Ϊаˣ²ؼ߸߹𣬽Ūһز
ȻĻǿߺУȻ׶ҪţȻĻ϶Ҫġ
̫ˣֻʣǵʱףǱĶǶиЩһʵ͵Ǳ˵ķŷЦһм
Ǹ鷳ӱܡ
ԣЩˣЩϣɫ֮ȫǲм
뷨һȷʵûп㣬ǿߣԸ𣿡Ͼʵһ˫Źŷ磬һڴ
Ը⡣
ŷֱҡͷ
ϾȻҲȻǶԹŷ粻ˡ
ΪʲôϾ̲סʵԼӦûпŷŶԣûдӦʵ̫ˡ
⣬ҪĲǷأһᾡɳʱɨ£ѹһжɺǿߡŷȻ˵ɫ֮гţϣͬһ
أǲǹŷķҪ
нǿߣҺ֮ǲǶ֡ϾҡͷȻԸϣҲòһ㡣
վںںĺߣһֺɱеǿߣǾԳŲڡ
ȻˣҲ⣬ͬ鱻ɱ̫ˡ
ҲܹΪ绹ҵĺöѣҪʵһʱ䣬ҿɴڡŷϾ顣
һȺܸжǣŷԲʹİ취Ҫ
ôĿΪԼʱ̣ܹ򣿵ţһ겻ʱ䣬ߵһһֱ޾£ûͻƣΪǿߣ֮䣬һ㷨ѹˣʿͻƣҪɳɴڵĵز̫ˡһλǿ֮еһ֮дһ㳰
ԼǸʵŷ
ƽûԷĻԼʵ
Ŀ˹ŷһۣϾҲ֪˵һЩʲô
ǺףߵһԼʶˣȻĻһγʲôͺѸı䣬޷ҡ
ǿԵꡣϾ˵
£ҽɨƽһвеλ棬Ҳܵκвŷŵ˵


2457 ƿ
Щ˵ָͬ䣬ϾЦˣȻҪһϴڵ𣬵ǺҪﵽǸ򣬼ǲܵ顣
ǻ˶£ս˲֪ٴΣ˲֪ٴΣʼն޷ȥһֽһľ룬ͬ졣
ŷ뿪ûмˣȴѾ֪ط
ϣ𣿡һ̾ϢǸֳŴӵˡ
֪ҼΪ޵ˣ޷һ磬¾û˿ˡϾ鵭˵
Ļ˵꣬ں֮б㱬ҵսǴ档
սƽϢĺܿ죬һᲨʧ
Ͼ鱾Ҫȥʱȴֹͣ˶
޷ֻһǿ˰ˣѾնˡӵ˿ڡ
˵⻰ʱ΢΢Щ
ϾĬȻǿˣֻԶԵģҲһһĴڣȻĻԲķô
ŷ뿪ܵأûжã˷ǿ֣߳أҪŷɱ
ôĵӡŷЦǲǾһֱ뿪ڤ
һǿ֣߳ƣ£Źŷ뿪ķɱԡ
ߵĿ졣Цһ
ʱһӰ֣һǿߡ
ǹŷ磬վʱĳ֮У͵س֡
쵰Ǹǿ߱ɫ
ûκηͱķɳȥˣ˻Ѫɫ˼㡣
ʵղŹŷһͿֱӺ䱬
ŹŷķѾûˡ
ŷܵʱ򣬲ǶܣǴԽһʱ䣬˽һŻڱԲһԸԿˡ
һܿµǿߣҪСһŮӳ֣ɫͷ趯һ޵еɢƵӸӿ¡
ɣˣղֻһʱ⣬űǸ󱲹֣һսɱǸЦ
£ɫա
һۣû˵ֻת뿪
һŹŷ뿪ķ׼ٳ֡
ʱһ˳֣סӵȥ·
ƿء˵Ȼʶˡ
ƿصһЦ˵Ҫȥ
ɱˡЦ˵ƿص񲢲ǺأЩĮһĨġ
ƿػҡͷ˵ʵҪҵǸˣֻбɱķݡ
㿴ңЦƿأ֮һɱ⡣
ƿؼŭˣҪƿس֡
ƿҡͷ˵Ҳ˼ֻǸ˺ǿ֣ȻƲ£һָоǼȥҿ϶ᱻܣĶ֣֪ʵǿ󣬵Ӧûûеܹҵĵزذɡ
ƽ˵ĻЩĬ
Ȼ߰ǶƿصĵϸǺġڤʬɵȻѾǵǸˣվߵ˵һǿ
Ҫƿأ
ŷȻܹһ㣬ʵ϶֮ϵġ
ȻԸϣȴòϡ
ʲô˼ƿأףƿزԵ޹˵Ļ϶Լ
ҽλֵ֣ܳɱǸۡƿоһ
Ĵǿߣսˡ
üͷһ壬Ŀһƿأɱۣȴųǿߣе㲻ֵá
ƿǲһ·ˣڤʬͨٴλص۷սһ˵㲻һ¡
ԣԥ֡
ΪһˣͳǿĵˣȻԸ⡣
ǲԸ⣬Ҳ㣬Ҫ֪ǸۣһʮʮأͻӦҵˡƿصһЦ˻һɫ䡣
ʮʮأȻߵһ֪˵Щʲôˣʵ𺳡
Ҳûڸ̵ʱߵһˣһ˸ǿߡһ֮ڽˣĸǿߣ֮еٮٮߡ
ģ˲֪£ڳΪǿߣǣˣҲɵ
ȻߵһΪκˣʼһ֮࣬лӰʤܡ
Ȼ˲࣬ôһЩѾ޾֮ǰ
ʱգеλ棬ûİȹһֱڶǿ֮١
˾ޣƿء
ֻǿҼΪµˣгԽ˵Ǳָоʮ֮ڣԵٽɾ硣ƿһࡣ


2458 
𵱼ɫ䣬ʮ֮ڣٽɾ磬
޷ţ֮ˣ۶ྪޣûпԵǸĴڡ
ƿɫЩˡ
磬ҲûбҪ˵ѡʵϣǿƿҲ˵
Ҳ˵Ǹŷ磬ֿµǱ
ûУҿҪ㣬һǸĳɳˣǶˣҿǴΪ˵ģԵˣԲŹģһɳҶû֮أҪɱˡƿضһ˵
һɱ˵̫ңԶˣһɴڳֵĻҲûֿܣпܻᱻѰȻ󱻻ɱ
Ǹŷ磬ƿ˵ˣҪƿغˡ
ƿɫһЦ֪Ķˡ
һ㣬һ㶼⡣
ûִҲһԣ϶ӦֻҪŹŷ˵ô
ãͬˡƿ˵ҪΪǰ
һڤʬͨ飬ǿ߳Ǿкɨµʱ
ڵ棬ž޴ĽȻûа취򣬵ȴ֮ǰǿ̫ˡ
뿪뿪
뿪֮Ͼ֣뿪ıӰЩǡ
ղǵĻȫˣȻ֪Ҫʲôӵ顣
ʱ˵ҪˡϾ鰵뵽ûлȥȥұȥˡ
ķĵ飬ڤȫ͹ŷϣ϶Ҫŷ硣
ŷص磬ɫ΢΢Щء
˰ɡһ˳ڹŷԱߣףŷ񣬴һ˿Ц
ǡŷͷ
кθ룿ʵ
Ȱڡŷ絭˵Ŀ棬ס
Цһҡҡͷͷ̫ˣΪûңܹסЩɸ֣
ŷ΢΢ЩĬȱɸ֣Ĵڡ
ȻߵһȻͽɸ֮в࣬ƴĻǿԺɸֵģǵ
ǣԷҲûа֡ңеλһܹжǿߣܹλ
׵ĻûеûĻеλĴ϶Ҫǳļѡ
ԣҪҵ⣬֮䣬ŹͬĵˣҺ֮У֪жٽɸ֣ʹ֣ҲδܹסȫοҪڧǸǲܵסˣҪڧ档׺˵
ӣԵúܳϿҡ
ŷȴⲻֻһӶѣĲǵ⡣
ŷԿ϶һЩвȫʧ׵һǳ֡
ãЩǿ֮ǰҲҪɱģϣҲҪŴҵŷ˵
û⡣ֱӴӦ
˵㲻ʲôʱ֣Ժ󲻳֡
ɽŷͷǺͶԷЭˡ
ǶһۣԷ˸ŵľ⡣
ˣѵҺ֮⣬λ棿ŷͻȻʵ
ЩɻҺ֮⣬ʲôôǿߺɶĿʲô
ǲλ棬ϰ֮߳Ϊ磬һеλ棬Һţڲͬʱ֮УֻкҺлߵһЩǿΪʲôҪܼ򵥣Ϊǵļ԰ٵˡ׵˵Щɶ飬Ȼǳ˽⡣
ŷ𾪣Ҫ֪Щǿ֮УнǿߣǺ͵ǿ󣬼԰ôᱻٵʲôܹٵǵļ԰
Ҫ˳֣൱пܡ
һ磬ǿƣ׶ٵˣ˵ʲô飿׷ʵ
Ȼԭ򣬹ŷͷ̲סʵٵǵĴڣҲǺɫսĺˣ
֪Ķ٣ǡЩ⡣
û뵽ŷ֪ĶȻϵĶࡣ
ԭˡŷͷ¶Ȼɫ
Ҳֻˣʵǣܹٵڵĵ󴬣Һλ档
ǵǿ󣬳ȻǽɴڣһҲ޷ȣɸ֣ʵǿɨһ硣׽˺ܶ࣬ȻȻǳɵǸνĴ磬Щ
ҪȻĻҲһֱǿ˿¡
Ϊףʵ죬µˣȻǹŷģҲδؾͷˣٿ׷Ĺŷ絽ܡ
ɱСŷЦɫ֮дһ˿м
ܽͲöԷֻҪʵͿѹԷ
ϣ׿˹ŷһۣЦ˵
ŷҲЦˣֻЦеζҪϣŷɳǲء
УŷȻĵˣҲ١
ڹŷǰΪ˸Щġ
ŷĿ䣬ص˾֮С
ۣһ񽫹ŷ档


2459 
ŷѯʣǺ
ڵλԽԽߣǹŷҲʲô˶Լˣ۵ϡ
֪ʵǿүѾˡǸ񽫻ش
񽫵ĻŷһζˣȻ˾ԵĲʵǿ
˵ͷһ뿪
֮ǰʱ򣬹ŷ۾һǿߣսãϻѪ⣬ʱһεѪ
ϣźɫˮգҺϢ
ԷǺҺǿߣŷʱ
һ۳У˾η
ŷһ֣˶ԷעĿڹŷϣ֮¶һĨȻ
ۡĿӹεƿǸ˿ڣŹŷʵ
Ǻˣŷʵ
̬ϣǺܺƣĿ絶ŶԷ
죬һġ쵭˵ȻˣȻܽĿⶢŹŷ磬һ˿
Χȫ¶ŭɫ
ŷǺˣۣʲôʸһ裬˱ɫ
𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
ɫ֮гϣŶԷһɱ
Цܴݣվõս׷⣬˵ҵȴû˿ɱңҲûǸͣȰ㻹ƽһ㣬˵
ˡŷ֣˵ӦвԲвҪʱĻԹԸơ
ŷĻܲɫ
˵ĪҪƲԳԷƣʵ
ĿȻŹŷ磬ɱȻ
ɱңŷЦˡ
һ˶ѣҲɱŷԸоԷʵǿͬһ硣
ǹŷ粻壬磬κˣһս
ŷǲɱ⡣Цɱ졣
Ц֮к˸
ҲҪŷˣʵɲ⣬Ȼ֪ԷʵԼ֮ϣǹҲˡ
ﻹû˵ķݡһ䣬ͷųһɱ⣬ڹεϡ
һȴûеˣһһֻĳȥһԥûУɱԷ
ɫȻûнηС
˵λûн磬ȻǺվһҲ壬Ϊ֮Уߵ㹻Զʵǿľˣ֮Уѷ֡ˣʱҲѹ֮⣬޾κˡ
Ĵһȭεײ
һ̣¶ȵɫΪΪԼҪݿ࣬ȴеȫһͬʱˣȻ˺ĲȽϴ󣬵ȴǵסĹ
ΪǿأҲЦ
ԷԼһս֮£ֻ΢һ·磬Ц̲סڳһ䡣
֪Цɫ֮ǲм
ĿȻŹΣ˵Сˣ֮ڸɱ㡣
ţ˵Ļڳ˶ǻһ
˹ŷ֮⣬Ƕ𾪶ԷʵҪ֪ڵĹΣǵ֮ڶ֣ʵɲ⣬˹ŷ֮⣬ûκ˿ѹƹΡ
ڣȴ˵֮ڸɱΣʵ̫ˡ
ȻףҲ˰ɡ
ûлش𣬹ŷȴվ˳죬˵һоͿԸɱ㡣
Ļͬը򣬻ص硣
˻ǵľأһϬǿƵ˾˵ĵز
ԷǿƣǹŷȴȶԷԵһ֮ڸɱԷ˭У
Ҳǹŷ磬ǣ˵ĻҲ
ЦͲš
֮޵УʵǿĲ˼飬ͲΪŷһ㡣
ǿţ׼аɡŷ絭˵
ľּ⣿ɫҪͳ
ʲôɡŷһЦ
쵱ŭ˵󲻾
ĳıŭˣĶŹŷ磬ŭ˼㡣
׳ա
ŷشԷֻһ仰һ̣ˣͨȫںһγһµĹ⣬һУѹ˹ȥ
ŭŷ綯ֵ̫Ѹˣһʱ֮䶼ûзӦ
վǸǿߣԼͨҪסŷһ
ʲôǵĹײʱɫоһɿµһУֱӷĹȻϡ
ûκηӦըˣɱ


2460 һȺ쵰
ŷɱУݿ࣬ȻϾ䡣
ζ̲ס̾ӣԽԽԶˣŷľͷˣֻ֪ŷﵽһҪܳʱܹﵽľ硣
ǿ󣬸˵Լڽ֮޵УˣǵУסŷһ
ӣԽԽҾ̾ˡ˵ɫ֮дһĨ
ŷ΢΢һЦȴôģһֺܳصĸо
Ŀ飬ˣ磬һǿߣǷսƪ¡
ɱ¾˶ʮ꣬˶ʮ꣬һȫѪʬǡپ죬ǿ޵С
ǣȻûߵյ㣬ΣսҪ
ûɱΣûгδ޵С
Ҫ޵Уվǿ޷󼰵ľߣάߵ˰ȫŷ翪ڣ˵Ļ
̲ס̾Ϣһ˽Լӣ޵У̸ףŽе޵ߣԼΪѡ
㷭һɽȴһɽĸ߷֮ϣѾڵˡ
ֻһ·Ѫս̤ű˵ʬǣߡ
ǵˣҲˡΨһе㲻һǣѾߵ˼ߵλãһǣҲ֪ʲôʱܹﵽյ㡣
һɽһɽߣ仰棬һûС
ɱ죬ŷ罫Ѫռ
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һѪⱾԴŷ
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β֪Լзִ磬ðա
ʵϣΪۣλ֮УǿߣѾòű˵ˡ˿뵽ģŷһ뵽벻Ҳܹ뵽Ŷԡ
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ŷ˫ֽӡӡһûС
ѪԪ۳һͼɽӡͬǿߣͬ죬ȫǿĲ˼顣
ǸɽӣʵҪˣǿһһ棬Խ޾룬˾ͷ
ŷķ֣ǸڿݽߣȱӦе
ǿߣ֮ϣӲãء
ѵԶԭ򣬴ݽߣҪһµĴ񡣡ŷ뵽һֿܡ
㽫뷨׵ˣǿߣ࣬еֶݽߵĴ»
ԣմ籾ԴǿߣӶıԴ󣬹ŷ緢һ˵ʵ
˵Ĺ⣬ǷͼڶϤǵܡ
ǿߣźľǴ籾ԴһıԴô籾Դ
Ҫ磬Щ˶ҲΪ˴籾Դ
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Ϊһ˽һ磬ֲһλ㹻ˣһ磬Ǿ͸˵ˣλ档
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һ˲ıԴֻǿ籾Դܹ˵籾ԴһݽߣǸ硣
飬ԡ
ŷ绹ڹ۲죬ʱǿӣǸӦһС
һ̣һǿ֣߳ԹŷۼѪԪΪý飬һͨ
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޾֮Уһֻŷ
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δеҪء
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Լ޵У϶նɱɣ޵Сŷᶨ׼ع硣
ˡ
ڴʱһѺɫĳì˹ŷüĶ˹ȥ


2461 ڤ
ŷ綼û뵽Ȼ֡
һ֣˽ǿ˵ĵزϢڹŷɾһֱ̣ӳ֣ȻҪֱӻɱŷ硣
Ȼǹŷ磬ʱҲɫأüķ⣬罣ɳȥסһ
ҲǾüһεѪǸˡ
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վͨͷų⣬̤֮ϣŶԷ
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ҪɱңҺ㲻ǵˡڤĴ󺰵ŷס֡
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ڤһϾֵɫ΢һ㡣
ҿԸǸµĴ԰磬ֻҪ㲻ɱңԸΪʹӡڤĹ˵
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ڤĵĻŷ綼̲ס̾ϢһΪ˻ȥԷ϶Ҫˡ
ıܣΪٸߣҲ޷ӱܵһֱܡ
ãң㲻ڵġŷ絭˵ʩչֱûԷʶ֮УԪ
ڤһֽʵ̫ˣֱԪ֮ϡ
ԪһʿĸʱŷҪҪɱĻһͷͿ
ǣǻˡ
˿ˣڤĲģܸˡ
ɣڻȥ˵ʱҲ㲻ʲô
ϵƺأΪˣҿɲҪһӻȥˡŷһ˵
ڤǲӣҲǸ֣ʱ״̬Ѿ˼㣬޵߶Ķ̧֣־ͿԻɱ
ȻڹŷǰʹʱҲʲô
ŷ˫ֽӡڤĵϡ
ڤ¶𺳵ɫʵϣʵǷǳǿģֻǺҺ̫֮Уƣ޸˵ĻŷҪһ׵飬ҲҪһЩۡ
ڣŷȴ׵ĽЩƺˣӴԪû֮Уڤĵʵڻָ
޾֮УʼָԼʵ
ŷһ㶼ûбѾסڤģ³⣬һǿߣȻҪúãָֻ۷״̬ܹŷ絲סЩС
ʮյʱ䣬ڤĻָ쳤Хŷ񣬸Щ
ŷ絭һЦֱӳ֡


2462 
ڤĻָ۷սȻΪ˹ŷ׷ߣҲҪ֤Լʵùŷ֪ԼΪʵģΪҺġ
ŷҲ֪ڤĵ˼һսܼңŷ綯˺ֶܶΣһαһθӵĿ٣ֻٻغڤľͱսܡ
ڤĺȻĶŹŷ磬Եĸоŷѹɡ
ҪΪԼʵǿͬ޵Уѹһе֣Ȼɺͬһ磬Ҳı䡣ŷ絭˵ûκθ߰ĸоȴһ޵е
ڤĬȻ֪ŷ˵Ĳ̫ޣս˫
ˡ
ڤֱӹ˵ϣŷ
һĵĳһӣٽ򣬾ԿԱס
ڤĲһɵӣǳԹŷ˵ԼҲһõĴ֣ĴǶΧɱǿߡ
ڱŷˣҪĺãҪҳڹŷС
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ǻص磬εһ֣ڤĵʱ¶ȵɫ
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ʼչأһǳɰǧꡣ񣬼û֪ŷǳˣڤʱ򶼾ɻ󡣹ŷûнһǳ
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£ŷγ֮УоĴս
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ڤ͹һսȴ˰С
ɫ̾ε񣬴𾪵ɫ
̫ˣǿߣʱգȻܹﵽҲΪ֮µǿ֮һǿ֣һǿߡ
ʵϣڤҲ֮УкܶˣǱ
ֻǣǻδɳĻֻҪЩ˳ɳſЩʵ
ʱ䣬ǹŷȱٵĶ
꣬ڤ˶
ڤ˵ʬڸգͷųµϢ𶯼λ档
ڣĵϢǵ
֮Уŷ˲ӣڤ֮УⱩǡ
ڤġŷ纰һ
ڵڤһϽ˽ŷһκ
ŸڵϵĹŷ磬ڤĹ˵ϣǲΪ𺳣ƽŷ絽״ﵽһʲô磬Ȼһɴڣ
ǣŷй¶һϢȴ̧ͷ
Ҵڤ𵶱ұط֮ŷ絭˵


2463 ֮
ŷд·ּҪλ档
ʲôڤʲôڤһ£ĸҶ
Ҳиֹ֣һ𣬼ĸ׻ڤģȻףŷҲ塣
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ǲ̤˽Уû֪ǣʱŷ֮УٵϮˡ
֮Уǿ̤֮У֮еǿд衣
ڤĽڤ֮УĴǿֱΧס
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ּŷķּһҲҪ£е̫˰ɡƿЦ˵
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۲һѹأȱּһڤ֣ĿȻȻǹǿߣҲˣҪ̤ˡ
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Ȼڣ֮Ҳǿƣڤ򣬶ҳˡ
ҰħϢĳ֣֮УڤߵĻҪԶͺ͹ǿ߲ˡ
˽֣ܳգսˣĶһ޵ߡ
ԯݺᣬԯ޵Уԯ졢ѪħڡۡҲˡ
Ϊ֮ӣѹһе֡Цս졣
ЦЦҲˣԼֳҲ˿޵֮УǾԵٮٮߣʵǿס
һǿ֣֮߳ǿߣֻǿߡ
һڤ
Ҫλ֮ƿرɫ
ôǿߣڤҲûôǿ󰡣Ǵû֮оȻôǿˡ
Ҹײѹ£ʲôλ֮ŲھͿ̤ƽǡЦ졣
С̫ˡŭ
㣬һսʤʸ˵ĻһȻȻҪսǿߡ
δ̤磬Ҫ淥֡
ŭԼǿߵĸ߰Լӡ
վ˳ָŹ˵ǿԵסУˡ
һǿߵţҪ̤㵽˽ˣȻܶ࣬ʵû˵˽ɸ֮⣬ΪǿˣôܱԵ;Ͳܡ


2464
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ӿֱҪˡ
ˣϧһߵһŮһϧ˵
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ߣҪң˵ɡս֮УȻˣʵȻȴһµ顣
ԽӵļˣѪҧݼ֡
ţԼˣս󣬾ԿսܶԷ
ڣԷȴͻˣΣա
Ҫ֪ʲôǿߣʲô޵СЦָӿˡ
ʱһֺĸо
ûоԼȻôǿѹ˹죬ִǱ˼㡣
üͷһҪ֡
ʱһĶС
֣ó֣ӣӦǹŷڴȻҲעء
¹Σաεĵ˵
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ڤȫüͷЩģȻ˵ǵڻʲô⣬ǵĹİΣڵӣȻѾ˷ĵزɱ˹ĻʲôԻָˣǾҪꡣ
ڵʵɨǾԲ⡣
ۡ
챻ɣѪӶˡ
ɣ㲻ҵĶ֡Ц˵
ˣսûеһû䣬֮ӣô㣿һЦɫ֮г


2465 һָ
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Ѫӿת޸壬ٴվ
ߡ
ЦڸӲˡ
һֻ£ǿƣҪѹ졣
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ûٳ֣Ȼ߰ҲԼɱǰ֮ˣĻԼҲˡ
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ŷҡͷЦ˵û˻᲻ܣҲǣҪľǰ֮ȻǵȻճԽ֡
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2466 
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˵Щתߡ
뿪ķڤҲҪ׷ȥ
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ڤüͷǶŹŷ磬ɫ衣
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ףʲô̲סʵ
ǿߣ鷳ˣնɱĻĲѹ
Ҫǻָŷ˵Ŀ˸


2467 
˳ԾڤҲɫ
Ǻܿ뵽ŷ˼ڤָҪһǰʶ
𣿡̲סʵ
ҽͣŷҽǴӹﴫйȥģǾΣûֶΡ
ŷĻ֮Щˡ
ŷ˿϶Ļش
ڤɫŷ㲻ǡ
Ŀ־ˣʲô֮ǰڤʶǵҪĨɱǡ
ȻǴڤ֮лģȴڤֻڤ廯ɳµԪ
һڤ˳ǿ϶Ҫ
ģҲɱǵģôҲǿսһΪʱȻһǿ󡣡ŷ絭˵
ƿǳԾԷֶΡ
㲻ƭǣƿ˵
һˣǵʵ϶ûʲôеʱ䣬ֻҪ粻䣬Ϳٴδﵽڵʵ
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ŷ絭һЦûбҪɱǡ
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ص֮УƿзǳţŹŷ硣
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һƿأ֮־Ͳʲôѣôᶯҡĸŷüͷ׵Ļеˡ
Цһӣŷǰһƴĺɫ
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Լĵǿڤ𸴻˵ûһô
ŷһ棬ǻǿԮôûаŷıҪңʼǵˡ


2468 𸴻
ŷ翴һۣܵ˵㲻æҲԣ͵Щλ涼ٵʱҲҪҺѰұλˣҲãܹҵĴ磬УȻõĻǺǡ
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ѰҴ磬˵ףҺ֮УжôգǿߣȫǴ𣬳ѰұĴġ
Щײޱȣһһս
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һµӰͷųֲѹʮ
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2469 ޵
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ǹŷȴԿƤһֺǿƤë̺ſµԣһͷΪɴڵǿޡ
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ŷһԳ棬һӡ顣
ҺһϵĴһģһͷԽҺ֮Уܲײ
ĴһղŹŷһӡֱӹı壬ܵһ˺
һĻѪһ֪ŷ粻Эˣ̫ǿƣһʲô飬Ͳı䡣
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һµ棬˵˼㡣
ŷӶУʱкɨµʱˣѹѪ÷飬βһ㱻ɱ


2470 
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ƽɫĴǰգŷɨɳȥҲѪ
һҵĴս֮İѪʵ£رǲƳɱƴǿŷ綼ӡ
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ѪѪͣĵˣٴη˺üΣѾ˱ıԵ
֪ԼҪˣǹŷĶ֣ɱ
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2471 ûн
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˿ڣԼ֣ڤ֣ĻԻ͡
λѣ뵽һ𡣡ŷ翪ڣ˷룬ʵϣչŷڵʵȫûбҪ
ֻǣ˵Բġ
ԸҲڤЦ˵
뿪֮С뿪󲻾ãһӰ֣ףż뿪ķɫء
ŷ磬һˣ˵ҰģеҪĶ࣬һǲء΢΢̾Ϣ
²׻ûôΰ
Ҫڤ𣬶˵䲻
׵˽⣬˺͹ŷȫһˣаҵһӵϵ϶һС
ڤ𣬺ɨδ⣬ڤɱ˶ˣǾ޷ġ
һڰļֲһЩλ汻𣬲ģڤġ
ȻЩŷ綼֪ĻҲô׵ĸڤ
˵Щ֮ʧ
֪޷أŷ粻ĻǱǵˡ
֮Уŷ磬ڤ
ܶҲˣǾٱյҲ٣֪ڤģǼʹǸڤҲֻһ˵
ڵüˣ˵Ҳϼˡ
ǵʵǿѾͻƽ˹ӵкڤƽƽʸ
һȺ̸˵ѾƻٱԲ࣬Զ˵޷̸
ŷˣʾԼķôҲ
δĴսܲпᣬһսŷҪôʵΪ
Щ˵ͶˣõͻơҲڤ˼룬Ȼһʱ֮ûж򣬵ջȴǳ
ѣڵľûдﵽ𣿡ڤͻȻʵ
ҲƽĿͶŷ硣
ŷʵǿڳ˶֪ģǵǿһȴû֪
ԣڹŷʵҶǳ档
ŷ絭һЦ˵δﵽҲôﵽ
ΪΣڤȻ˵ۿѻɱһǿߣѵѵľ磬ûн𣿻˵Ǹ磬Ҳˣ
ŷҡͷ˵򣬾ǿʵܣǣҺǵĲ࣬ҲֲһһֻǿߣֻҪˣԺһǿսƽ֣ϣնɱǿߣʮּǿߣѹ򡣡
ŷһĸ𺳣νĽòûеôǿ
ʵϣߵһѾǵˣνĽ򣬲Ǵ˼޵ļޣǵľ֮У˰벽ȻǿȴǱľһ粻ǣر𣬼ʹӵ㹻Ҳ޷죬Ȼָͬˡ
ŷĻҶ̲סЦˣͬһ֮Уʳ׿ˣһ˵ıȷʵһ
ȻҲз壬Ǹ˸Ŭյĳɾͱʳ׿ҪˣҰħһڡ
󲿷ֵͨʿǲġ
ʱ룬νĽ򣬵費Ҫȥȥʲôãŷ˵ЩڳЩ㶡
򣬵Ӧõģֻǣڹŷȴɡ
Ѵ˻ʲô˼ڤ̲סʵ
ŷ΢΢һЦֱ˵Ҿãνİ벽ûбҪȥˣΪûνİ벽ȻѾߵ˼ޣνİ벽ʲô
ȥ벽ܹǿ󣿡ڤԾ˵
Ƕߵ⾳磬ȴҲŷĻŪͿˡ
֮ԲܹǿֻΪĻûҵʺԼķٶʵʵϣҺǵȴڽ֣ѾˣνĽɴڣûбʵֻǸǿѣҾãûǰ벽ܹ֮ôǿΪҵ˼ķھ磬Ӧǲˣǰ벽ʵʺԼ·ŷ͡˵ȫ̲סվ
˵Ļ絽һЩۣ¶Ҫ߸ˡ
νĽɴڣǽɣֻҵܹķѣ֮ϣûƿֻҪҵһǿԼС
ǹŷģвˣ¿һʱ֮ڣַǰ׷󾳽磬ûǸ磬ԲһֱͣͲǰѾҲǶŽǿߵսˡ
νĽ򣬲Щǿߵһְʾѡŷ΢΢һЦ


2472 
˻һŽ𶯡
һ֮У˴ﵽǸ磬ûнǿߣ֮˵ݳġ
ңҶǳš
ʵҲˣǿȷʵڣŷոջɱһ
ȴ˵ûνĽǿߣνĽǿߣԷģµһʾôΪǵȴڡ
Ƕ˼Щš
ڤ˼ŻȻ˵ֲأһǿ׷ɱǸʱһָоȻǿȴûʵĲ𡣡
˻һ𶯣ΪڤĲĴڣӴǵȴڣзȨ
ڿ˵ĲνĽɴڣͲڣûǸ磬ֻǣеĽɴڣȫĬһԣȥ׷󾳽磬ûȥѰʵ·ǵľ磬Ѿﵽ˼ޣλ·ֻܹѰ·Լʵˡڤ˵
Ŀ֮о˸Ȼͨˡ
ЩǿߣȫͳһĳĬԸи˴ﵽΣȴûŷ羹Ȼˣһ˵˳
ԽǿߣһϣΪԼľ粻ˣǾͿ϶ǽɴڵĶ֣Ҳսɴڵԭʵϣɴûеôǿٲһǿ󡣡ŷ˵
һ仰éٿڤǶһۣȻ󼤶˵
ڸָһ·ţƾԼʵԿ·ٴʵġ
ҲĿ֮о˸Ϊɴڣ˵һξ룬ǻδߵļޡ
ǣŷĻ˵Ҳͬá
֮䣬Ǽˣǰʵĵ·ԱȺҪݡ
ŷĬһ£ͻȻڣղŵһ鼸λ档
ٶһʱˡ
ѣôڤɫˡ
ǰˣĻĵλܵвġڤһǡ
ҲȻҪ֪ﶼǹŷĹʾɣ˵ЩʵѾеǷˡ
ڣȻǿߣֱǸǳԽĻᡣ
ڤɫÿҲһһľãŷĹˡ
ŷ磬˵ЩѵͲ±˳Խ𣿡һ˳֣ǱˣŷЩӡ
յûжãȴ˹ŷ紫ǿߡ
Ҳ˻ῼһ£δţȴһ͹ŷһս֪жôĿֲ
ˣȻ˵Ȼˡ
ĻŪЩǿߣûκôֻŷܶĵˡ
֣ŷһ㶼⣬һЦ˵Ҳκ˵սҲ±˳Խب޵С
˻һ˶һ
ŷ֮ϣͬһܳԽɽһΰɽֹ֮ġ
һ޵еǣ˶˵ܵǣʲô˵
ب޵Ум˸˵Ļǹŷ˵ˡ
ڤһۣǿ˶ԷеءĿ˸֪һЩʲô
ҵ飬ѾˣҪ㣬ղһ֮Ҫ˻ˡ𿪿ڣ߹ŷ硣
ԡŷͷ
ȭ뿪
֮УɫòףʵȽɴڻҪǿǣνĽɴڣһ㶼˽⣬Ϊôǿ
ŷĻ˵֮׾֪ˡ֮ˣȫǸʵǸ̶ȣܹ¡
޵۾ˣֱҪ˹ŷ硣
ҲѾ֪ˣŷ޵УδǶ֣һսնɱˣп
ɺް̾Ϣһ
ڤǣ֮ǰȴʹŷҪ֮вǡ
ҴӦΪġŷ翪ڣԼ
лѣ֮ģǿԳΪڤЦ˵ЩᶨһҪõꡣ
ŷ翴һۣȻִ̧ǡ
ڤһѽȻŷ˸Ц˵л
һ̣뿪
ڤ뿪ŷ΢΢ЩĬ
ȻǡЦһ
ŷͷЦ˵Ϳǵ컯ˣǲͣĻֱĨɱ˱ǡ
̫ˣڤ֣ʵǿᣬԲǺɱġر˹ŷĻпʵ֮ǰǿ
ҪĻҲȵʵ㹻ʱ򣬲Żᷢ
ʵǿһοѯʣӣԽԽ͸ˡ


2473 
ŷһ£ſڣ˵һ޵С
޵Уһ£ȻѾ²⣬ǵŷ˵֮󣬻̲ס𺳣һ޵У˵ŷ޵ˣ֮УûκǹŷĶ֡
ҲһҲǹŷĶˡ
ںܸˣҲǳơ̾ϢһȻ˵
ŷ֪ʲô˼һˣһֱԼȴԼĶӳ׳Խˣڹ˵һ޴Ĵ
Ӣ۶úôҲǸ׵Ĺ͡ŷЦ˵Ĺεƨ
˹ŷһۣιЦ
ʵҲ֪Լеִ̫ˣı֣˵ˣ˵µڶˡңǸµһԼĺӣûʲôܵˡ
µһµڶȻеƣȴһֵý顣
ðɣСӻ˵ʱϱһҪҶŮءŷʹһɫ
ŷʱ䡣
Ϊ磬Ҫһӣûеô򵥣Ҫȥ׷УȻĻǸͲȻ
ֻǣδҪս죬ԵĿǿ֮еǿߣҲֹһԹŷҲҪӡ
ʵϣЩŮˣ뺢Ӷˡ
ȴսƽϢĴ޵еսѹһе֣ҾҪӡŷ翪ڡ
ҡͷ֪ԼӺ⣬˵ʲôǶûõġ
뵽Ͳ˵ʲôˡ
뿪Ҫȥˡ
ڹŷ磬֮ϣȻûб仯Ҳûб仯ȴһֹ¶ĸо
վľ̫ˣȱͬߡȻףҲ޷͹ŷȣһս׿϶ᱻɱ
һֻᵱĹ¶޵ˣȴЩį
ڤ֮Уڤع飬˳Ծܿ죬ڤ֮еʼ̵
ǽóԼǰ
Ļˡƿ˵ɫѿʶգڹŷǽǸˣһֲõԤС
ȷʵǻˣû뵽ɣҲû뵽ǾȻ֮»꣬һ˺۷״̬һսʤһϧǴˡڤ𵭵˵ϴһĨЦ
ҪôҲǻḴǡƿЦ
Ȼˣȴ˵֮ģ˵һЩʶǵԸҲܵ˱ԸӰ졣ԣǲ˽ˣҲǳ˽ڤˡ
ԣǺڤǲΪ壬Ǹ
ȻΪ֮»꣬ȷʵǲܸǣȴһַȥڤٺһЦ
˻һƿɫ΢䣬˵ǿ϶ʲôý
ˣûнڤЦ˵
ƿɫѿЩˣȫӦȥǹŷ磬нһĻ
ûôģҲ͹ŷҲ˵
٣ǲ䵽ز
㵽Ҫôƿʡ
ܼ򵥣ǽգǵ֮Уʱǹ棬ǾһģҲԻȥҲǿ󣬵ʱ򴴽ǵĻԻ͡ڤЦ˵
Ҫ꣬ͲҪǣҪɣԼһ֡
ʱǿ˵ĵҲԴҳһԼʵ
ǸʱҲǽǿˣֻҪʱգǾܹ޵£綼Ҫǳ
ŷǵĻ϶ܺھǡƿشЦɫ֮г˷̡
Թŷʵôܿ뷨ֻҪǸ춯ŷԻֱնɱǣû뵽ͷô⡣
ƿǿڣһӡ
ڹŷ˽⣬ǻǱȽ϶ģ֪ŷһʲôӵˡ
ڵڤҲͿնɱڵڤ𡣹ŷҽʵ˵Ͳ±˻ᳬԽ
ߣΪǴǵ뷨ôܱ˿Ҳڹŷ绹ãǺءڤЦ˵
һ⣬ʵϵŷǽӴ࣬Ͳ֪ڤ˱ΪԼİҵսȴٵڤ
ûйŷеôãŷȱ㹻˽⡣
ǰȻʵǿվе̫ˣͲỳǡ
ڤɫ⣬ǶԼݼ⡣
ƿǵڿɵƣкף뷨ŷǲ֪Ļǲаء


2474 ۳
֪νƿЦ
ڤƿأЦ˵ˣǲҪڽˣǱǵõ֮ǵĽѾעˣΪһɣ֤ǹͬĻԻ͡
ǳ֣֮С
ƿ⣬ǱϾֻʣ˻ˣͿⲻˡ
ܿ죬Ǿͱڤ֮С
𡣡
ڤХʮƷǣﵽһµĵز
ҲһԼ廯µԪ֮ʵһ˲ﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
¶ɫʱǵʵ൱¡
ڿԻɱŷ磬ʡʱǿ²Ķˡڤ쿪ڡ
ڵʵһµľ磬һָоһˣڹŷ硣
ǵʵڻѹƣɱŷ磬ٵһЩʱ䣬¾ˣҪ죬ɱŷ֮Ѹٺɨλ棬硣ڤк˸
ڤüͷҲ뷨ȴһֲĸо
Ϊƿػԭڹŷ磬һּɵĸоʱʵˣȴⷢˡ
磬ԥʲôϲϣҡڤ쿪ڣȰڤ
ڤĻڤԥһ£һҧ˵ߣɱ˹ŷ硣
̫ˡڤϲ
ֱӳ֮С
˭Ҳû뵽ڤոȥûжãֱӻˡ
ֱӽ۵֮УԹŷ硣
λʲô飿ŷʵڱ֮ϣˡ
ŷ磬һ飬֪ͬⲻڤ𵭵˵
֮û֮ǰĸмһ⡣
˵ŷ絭˵ƽûһ
Ϊˣͳһλ棬ʱ֮£֮ϣôڤȻ˵Źŷ磬һʩӡ
ŷ̾Ϣһ˵ǲİ
ʲô˼ڤüͷһ壬ǳ
ŷ絭һЦϾҷһŸģҪɱǣе㲻ģƫƫԼ
˻һڤɫ䣬ĶŹŷ磬֮дһĨ̡
ŷ磬Ҳǽǿˣÿ˶㣬˴һǵĶ𣿡ڤЦɫ֮дһĨ̡
ŷƲ죬¶һĨζЦݣ֪ΪʲôҽǸ˵𣿡
ΪʲôһͻȻһָоҲûԼеô򵥡
Ϊ޵Уûκ˿ԳԽңǱ֪˰취ΣȻûսҵʱŷ絭˵ңֻһ޵еУȻ˽սǿߣŷҲģаѹ
޵УôĿǱȻǣԸһ·û뵽ԼͲҪȻȥȥɡڤɫɱ졣
ܼңͲŷĶУֻҪŷ赲İҵǵˣҪɱ֮
ŷ̾Ϣһ˵׵Ļˣǰֻǲ²⣬ȴԿ϶ˣֻƾҪɱң
˵֮󣬹ŷվͷųµϢֱǿߵϡ
ڤɫǵˣŷ֮г˺Ȼ
̫СˣҲ̫߹Լˡŷ˵ضأǶŲƵ޾֮С
Ͼּǿߣܹλ֮ж֣һСģͻὫλ򱬣׶Ͼ
ãһ۳ǣҲϣǵܺʣնɱˣǵͲ۳ǡŷ絭˵⻰˱ɫ
ڤ˵Ѿƣһж֮У
һּɵĸоһжǹŷƵĻ϶аնԸˡ
ԣʱҲΣˣ͹ŷ緭һ顣
ûУҴλ棬еǿ߶֪ܣұãֲ֪ߵغ֮ɹʵ֮󣬻ҵ鷳ȴû뵽һҵľȻǡŷҡͷƣȴûˡ
ΪһЩе˳֣ʱŷնɱһˣͳһĵ۳ǡ
ڤṆ̀սһҵ
ŷ绹ǷǳʧģԭˣǺصģڣˣȴòɱˡ
˵ʬ壬͵Ĳ۳ǿ϶Ӽְ̣ɣҸһɱҵĻᣬĻһ֣Ǿˡŷ絭һЦ


2475 Ͼ
ڤɫ΢䣬ǱãǽΣŷӦúܼɵԼŶԡ
ǣʵȴее㲻һŷͲ⣬ˣ̬Զ׼
̫ˡڤ˵
ǿеĲľͳˡ
µϢƵɱŷ磬ûһ֣һ涼ûн
Ȼŷ縴ˣǴʱڤȴͲ⣬Ҫɱŷ硣
ڤڤҲһǳ֣µ˼㡣
ŷЦ֮Ҳûһ꣬˵ɱһ涼
ˣһȭǰһС
ǰ緭˵Ĺȫ飬ǵ˳ȥȾѪ
硣
ڤ¶ɫ
Ǽ֤ŷ紴޵еȭǴû뵽Թŷȭʱ򣬾Ȼ˿¡
ֻһУһɱǣܵش
硣
һ̣ŷٴζˣһȭѹ䣬ûһµͨɱ
ۡ
ȫըԪ嶼ܵش
Ǻǿȴܲסŷȭͷ
ǿ壬ǺȻĶŹŷ磬ѾףԼˣȻ̤˺͹ŷһĲΣվսԶԶ磬Ȼ֣Ķ֡
ȭ
У򵥵һȭȴ̺һ޵еͷŷվߣӹŽδǧ磬ǿߣµһȭ
˺ɳȥԪѾһȭɱ
ŷҪǲδնǵ
˵ʬ壬޾֮УŷЩĬ
пܵĻȻǲɱˡȻĻŷҲͲḴˡ
Ǵʱǣȴɱˡ

ŷ̾ϢһɫЩꡣ
ɱǣȴûѡûгưͷΪʵ˽вֻҪҪư磬Ϳ϶Ҫҵŷ硣
ջ˵ʬ壬ȻҺԵ
۳Ǳŷͳסеǰ·
ǰɱѪΪиֿµĲϣΪһǵ۳ǣȻǿǰҲܹסǿ̤㣬Ը⸶㹻ĴۣȻĻԽ֮С
̤һǣŷͷ
ŷȻûмǣȴ֪˵ĴڣϾĴ֮£صܵأһдһ¡
۳ǣǰɱ԰ǵסǿߣԷɱǣٸһЩʱ䣬ҽɨһеСŷ翪ڣЩͳȴʮ㣬ˣŷȴء
ãϣҿϣϣһգ޵κʱգԵǿƣѹһУǸʱˡһͷŴӵǿߡ
ÿ˶һǣͬʱɱĿƷգȫ¶ϲɫΪ۳ǣһɱ̫ǿˣЩǰ⼸ĶҲôˡ
ڣ˾Ŀסˡ
оǿߵأǿԴŸң˭һɱŷˣڵʵʱ˵Ļ
ȻǿԺҺ飬Ǵ˵еνĽǿߣŷҲ壬ɱ֮
Ϊ㹻ǿֻҪһ㣬Աסˡ
С֮ڵ飬ǲ֣㽫ʵķ֮Ҳ˳ɵ֮鷳Ǹͷһӵǿ߿ڣѹŷ硣
ŷЦˣָ۳˵˭ҪǸҳ֣Ǿ;۳ǣǵǸһЩ
ǿû˵ֻǵ˵ͷ
ȻҲ֪ǹŷɱǿ߶͵ĵ۳ǣб˳ɵ֮Ҫɱŷ磬ҲĽ
۳ǣľǹˡ
λפˡŷ繰֣Ȼ׼뿪ˡ
΢΢ͷû˵ֻעҺ֮С
ŷ뿪޾ޣص硣
һ˳֣Ͼ飬ŷ¶һĨЦݡ
Ͼ飬ôˣŷЩȡ
÷ˣȻҪһߣ뵽㣬Ծһ£λֳˣĵ۳ǣһɱҲõˡϾ˵Թŷ쳣м
ǹŷԭǾԹȡ
Ӧġŷɫ
׼۵֮һʱ䣬֪㻶ӭ𣿡Ͼʵˮ
ȻǴĻӭŷЦ
ȻϾ飬ŷҲ֪Ͼ벻ô򵥡
ȻûʲôĿġ
ʲô˵ĻرڤĿˣҲһҲһ˽⣬ʱԸһοϾ΢΢һЦ˵ԼĿġ


2476 
ŷ΢΢һЦѾ֪ϾĿˣҪΪԼѹصģϾЩ֮УЩҪһЩֵΣŷǲ֪ģϾ߹ŷ磬оͿЩ׼ˡ
лѡŷ繰֣Ͼл
Ͼ΢΢һЦû˵
ŷΪϾ鰲ŷ䣬ס۵
͹ŷеһ֮󣬾˹
һǿߣһɫԵУǿ˼㣬ͷųµϢأ˾̾
ѡ
ŷ繰֣Ǻܹ
ŷͷ¡
棬ӦûңҶԵѵͷν׹浭˵Լݡ
ʱ򣬹ŷߴһϾڴۣʿȻ̫Ⱥȴ˵һҵȽսȥҺûκҰģֻǸ߰һ㡣
ϾĻŷˡ
¶һĨЦݣʵʲô飿
ŵʵǿһ濪ڣֱӡ
ŷĿһۣʵǿȻѾҵʵ·ͻеĲΡ
˵ͷ˵дɡ
һӾŭˣŹŷ磬˵ѿң
⵹ǣֻѵʵһһģҾòȥ硣ŷ΢΢һЦ
ˣҪԷǿ󣬶ԷŻԼ
ԣŷֱӣָ֮Ĳࡣ
ǺǣѾžۿޱȣһȻˣȻԼǾһսǴͲҪˡЦ˵
ڼԼǸΣԶԭʵʹ͹ŷе࣬ҲԲ̫
ԣŷղŵĻŭ
ְɡŷ˵֮ϣûһš

Ц
վĳˣɫ̺취򣬿ޱȣͬһһŷ硣
ŷͷ̾һ
һ̣Ҳˣһֻ£ֱӽһծУȻһʧ˹ŷС
һĻĿɿڴΪǿһǾŷƵˣš
ΪԼ͹ŷ֮Ĳ಻ܴ󣬵һĻȴɵۣЩˡ
Ϊһյˡ
Ҳţ泤ХһɫĻ𣬽ŷС
ǣȻãţͬǿߣû˿ԼĻ棬ȻĽɴڣԼƵĻҲᱻش
ǹŷȴ֪ͷųһ⣬档
һ̣ŷᵯָʧֻʣĿɿڴɵˣĲ֪˵Щʲôˣŷƽʵ̫ˣǸͲһ
аɡŷ˵
Ŀ˸֮Цҡͷ˵ҲĶ֡
ԸҪңҪСĿ⾼Źŷ磬Ҫ֪𰸡
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ŷ絭˵
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ΪҪɱڤ𡣡ʵ
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ϾĻĬһ£Ȼ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵ϧ
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һǿߣһԶ֮ǰǿߣ֮ӦûʲôϵŶԡ
ĶҪˣ˭ܹҪǿߣҪס磬֮УʵģҲֻйŵˣҲֻΪǿ֮󣬿ƽϢһжҡϾ˵
ʵ뷨ǹŷʵ쳣Ͽɵġ
֪ˣ֣һֵġֱ˵
лѡŷ繰֡
Ҳ֮һҡͷʲô


2477 ڤ
뿪һ仰
һٻġ˼ԣȻһ˹ŷ磬ȴܲٻģҪ͹ŷһս
ŷԼıӣû˵
ϲŵѣύһλѡһߵϾЦ
ȻҪսŷ磬ȴѾϿɹŷ磬һǶϾŹϲŷ硣
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ҹ۵ѵΪѾҪʵķˡŷ罫ĿϾ顣
ʵϣȻﵽ˼޾ǣ֪ʵķҪһ·еôס
ϾҪһˣʳ
һ㣬ЩûͨԾûгͻƣһҲԶˣҲģһ߸ӶţʲôõĵġϾ΢΢һЦ
Ƿǳ̹ȻͲʲôҪżġ
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ŷͷһЦ˵Ǻú˵ҲͺúдҪ£ǾҪһܲܵסҵĵȭ
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Ȼ˵֮Цһ˵ˣǲҪ̬ˡ
ŷֻʵǿһЩͱ̬ʲôϵ
һû뿪ʵǺܳԵģڹŷߣвĵطȥŷ磬żԺ͹ŷĸдһ£˵һż顣
عȥˣһЩǿ߳ɵ̤
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ʵϣѾһЩ˲ˡ
ӽΪڤۡһ˵ء
˵ǰֻһĳƺǴʱΪŷѾ˸۵ĳƺһϵĹ⣬ȻǿߣҪܻ䣬ùŷΪԼʲôõ˼
ǽҪۣȻе㲻ͬѰ
Ҫƹŷ磬ܶʶˣȴ󣬶ԷûпԿ۵ʵϾЩ۵޵ѾģѾҲˡ
һ°ɣסˣһ㡣


2478 ǿع
ŷ칬֮УûκζǶԷΪ޷еһ˿һ
ǹȻͲסįˡϾЦ˵
޷ֻҪǲҲΪǣǲȵĻȫɱ֮ŷƽ˵Ļ
ڤ˳ۣ֮Уǰı˰Ҳ˽˽򣬳ƺԼΪۡ
ӽΪ˰ۡһ˴𣬶أǺӣеλ档
˲һָоս϶ⲻˣЩ˳ƵۣƣҰģĿܾ꣬ǹŷһۡ
ʱֻһ˿ֳƺӲã磬ѹ졣
۵վԳۣǿƵ˼㣬ȫ̤㵽˽
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Щǿ߲ϲ£Ԥе˴ҽԲűˡ
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һȺع飬޸һеλ档
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طڱ˰ڤԤе˴Ⱥ֮еǿߣֶαܻ뿪
޾ԺǹˣǿƵ˼㡣
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ҰģҪ硣
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һĶѣǿƣҪ磬ܻܿᷢҵһսȴʲôԣ治֪ǵôġŷԼԴЩͷۡ
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ΪۡǸŮ֮һŮվƺԼΪۡ
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2479 һһ
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һ磬ԯ۾һɣֱҪˡ
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ղŵĻǿЦģҪǰãһָоȻûǣһҪ֣һԵĿ϶ǡԯݺ˵
Ͼ⼸λ棬ģڼȳɵ϶Ϊѹǡŷ΢΢һЦ⡣

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۳ˣɱ⡣ŷ˵
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ҺްǱˣ۷壬ôɱҡǸǿ߿ڣ˲ġ
ŷû˵ֻɨˣȻվԼϳˣҲ·𱻹ŷ綢סһǻëը¹ŷûԼ֡
ȻղǸǿܵشվһںų۵ǿߣôܹɱġ
ǹŷȴ׵ĸɵֻһСЩҪսŷˣʱԼ͹ŷĲࡣ
ٵս֮£ǲǹŷĶ֣ԶԶ硣
۳͵ģҪҡŷ絭˵
һ̣Ǹɱǿߵʬ巢⣬Ȼַ̻ĽУһǳ֣Ư֮С
ŷ罫һǷҺԵ۳ǺӦγһӼ̵ķ
һˣһǣϣҺԵĵ۳ǧ˭ԸҲȫ¡ŷ絭˵
˻һ𺳣˭Ҳ˵
ʱҲǳˡ֪۳Ϊǿ󣬾Ȼǿߵʬɡ
һǣһˣ̫ˡ
֮䣬Ҳֻйŷ


2480 Һʶ
ĸһ۳֮ϣǱˣ
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ĴǿأȻĴǿϮҲһԵסԻɱ
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ʱ֮ڣҺǣõıĴǿߡ
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ǿ岻ͣĻع飬ǿٶһǿߣʱ֮еĽǿ߶Ĳ˼顣
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ŷһûиˣΪ֪鲻ô򵥵ġ
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Һֻñжս֮ʶŻѣʱҪԵģǱǿҪµĶǿߣΪֲһ⡣


2481 ۴
ŷ֣뿪
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ףӵһ۴飬ȥμӡŷջȥһ˹
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Ͳ⣬ΪԼų֮󣬾Ͳ׼˳Ϊۡ
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׳֣ǹ˹ֻ֣˵֣ϲ㲻ٿڡ
롣Ц˵Խӭ˽ȥ
һֱ뵽λ棬Ⲣ֡׵ʵĿõģǰЩ֮Уǿ֮һ


2482 䲻
ԣ˭ҲҪס
׿ҲûпνһۣԼλ棬Ŀ
Ǻǣһ־ȻҲμӻ磬Ĳһ˳֪˭˵ģȴֱӴ׵Ķ֮С
ޱ飬ȴףףǣ˭˵ģͲ֪ˡ
ôǿߣף֡
û˵ȻƣҲǱ۾ʲôû˵
ǺǣԭνףҲµʱ򰡡Ǹ˵
󱲡
۾³֡
ҳұնɱ㡣ڣǿơ
ǺǣʲôطҲһףȻҰΪĵо𾪡ǸЦڰ
ֳ˶ɫû֪˭ġ
û˵ֻǱ۾
Ǹ˼ڣףǣһжûκôǸͲƣһ㷴Ӧûˡ
Ǹ˾ûʲô˼ʱͻȻ۾
һ̣׳ֱ֣ӽһ˴˳ȥ
һۣڤ֮гɵʵǿ󣬺ųƹۣǴʱȴΪҵˣʼɱ
һսܿ۱ɱ
׻صԼλ֮ϣɫƽٴα۾
˶̲ס𺳣ʵֲ̫
ô̵ʱ֮ڣɱһǿߣչֳǿս
׵֮У˼ɵǿһˣòҪǡ
Ҳ˲ޣڤЦ˵ף㲻Լ̫ں𣿡
㣬ӣڤۣʳ仰
ڤȻûشˣΪ϶һôǰͬǿߣȻܹѣȻĻֻٸԼЦ
һûٿڡ
ֳЩĬʱһ𣺡ۼ١
˻һȫɫһȫ̲סվ
һ꣬ǿͬλ֮Сûκ˵ͨһ£ƽƽǣһ֣ƬضΪĶڡ
һƣϵΨҶ𣬰˻ΨһˣߵģɾԽκǿߡ
ŷһ֣ʲôۣʲôȫȻʧɫֻܹΪġ
УһѲԼĳȻЩνۣ̲סҪһͷ
Ǿַۣɣܱȡ
濺˸أһ֮£Ϳ֪֮Ĳࡣ
ǰӭӹŷ磬Ͷ֮䣬Ե÷ǳСġ
ϲѴ飬Ҳûʲôú͵ɣ͸ۣףԸǷͬġŷͳһ仨ٶǲǲǷƷĵرȻĴڷȥҲǿһЩʵ
һֱʿνǺܴˡܹõĵر̫ˣŷֱǵϡ
ʵϣͬǿ֮⣬֮еۣǵˡ
лۣ롣濽ŷ˹ȥȻλ档
Ͼ鰤ŹŷҲЩ۵ĵλԵҪߡ
ЩĿЩɫ졣
ǸλãûۣʲôݣǾ۵ʹӣƾʲôλǸߣһǿۣΪзһ壬ʱ¶ɫ
λǺܸߣͺܲˣʹӵˣȻǵĵλҪߣзۺܲ
Ⱥۣ֮ɵȹŷ绹Ҫ磬ͲԼŷ硣
зۣڲ𣿡浭ʵ
һֱˣȻԷˣȻҪȥ
з˵
棬Ц㲻öңֻ˵˴ҵﻰǲʹӶѣƾʲôǵǰ档
ˣǵֵܽáŷ翪ڣĿϣзۡ
зɫ΢΢һŷһ棬еɵĺ͹ŷԻ
Ͼŷȷʵܴһ˶һλ棬û˸˵ʲôġ
зҪǲĻһսˣ̸λ˵зս졣
ɵˣҵĶ֡змͲΪʵԼ֮ϡ
Цˣз֮г˲м
㡣зЦ
˶ţ˸һ𻨡
ʱϾҲվЦ˵˶λҲЩվɣҽš
ȻһŮӣȴƣκˡ


2483 һ۳
ڳǿߣҲϾĵطҪ˵֣ǲܵģϾվһŮӣǻеڲ٣һŮӶ֡
û˶Ҷ˭Ҳ˵
ϾȻ֪ЩʲôҲǺ⣬ǼȻԸ⶯֣ȻҲͲǿ
ۣ㲻˵սɣзͻȻĿŷ硣
Ļŷ絭һЦ˵ģսҾԲκϡ
һЦݣһ㶼䡣
ãȥһսз˵
λѣлú˵αء濿ڣȰˡ
ĳеķǣĵȰˡ
ûзǰ磬չ˼ս
ôҲеǣ֪ܹλֱ֮Ӵսֹһսмս
ò˵з۵ʵȷʵǿ漤սʱ֮ڣȻһ൱
ŷʲô鶼ûУս
ΪжءзЦһм
֣أΪŷˣʵǿԲ̫
ڿе̫ˣŷߵˣҲһǺǿ
ڣзһ뷨ɱ֮Լսŷ磬ŷҲɱˡ
ֻҪɱ˾ۣкܶ˻ᾪʵ
ʱǸһͻкܶǿͶʱҲͿԳˡ
Ȼˣֻ뷨ʵϣŷҡͷзʵ̫ˡ
ŷȻ˵
ġ
зˡ׿ڣ˵Ļ
һѵͬ˵һзҪֻǣǿ൱зҪ΢ռһЩϷ硣
׵ĻҲȫˣЩ˶Ĺ۲š
ս֮еսȴ˸Եı仯汬ѹзĵɳȥԡѪ
˭Ҳû뵽鷢չһȻ
зųۣǽǿߣǴʱȴѹ֮ǰڳЦףڣȴǳԼһƣ
䡣
ԾչзڿѪ֮У˺ȻзʶԼС档
ʱ˵ʲôѾûˣѾߵһǼսȥ
зòͣĵɳȥѪҪȥˡ
쳤ХѹһеУǿƣɫĻ棬һµĵزҪɱзۡ

з۱ɫĸовһĸо

壬һͷ޴зͿߣǴʱһͷзȴ٣ɫĻգ׻ޡ
˷ѡŷҡͷЩϧ˵
ŷĻ˶ЩëȻ׹ŷ˼Ϊŷ˵һˣһǡ
з۵ʬĻԻͳһ۳ǡ
뵽Դð亹ʵ̫аˡ
ϴЦݣɱһǿߣǶʵһֿ϶
ʱǸλãû˸˵ʲô
ΪԼʵ֤Լʸ
ܶЩңҺøղΪϾһŮӣǻе֣ԾûкϾ鶯֣ȻĻǵ³벻зǿȥ
п˵ʵٽĿŷ磬˵ʵжֲ׷棬ʵӦøӿֲŶԡ
ܶгأҰĵģǴʱȴıˣŷߵһˣܹѹеһԱοԼǿŶԡ
˭ɱҵܵܡ
ڴʱһһͷµзֱӻ˱壬λ档
ɱ죬Žδ
зһĵڶλǿߣһʱɱ˹ҪΪԼĵܱܵ
û뵽ͻȻоԼĵܵܵ䣬ʱˣ˹
ŷûзϻֱһֻץ˳ȥ𾪵֮УǸзһǿֱ߱ѹȻ߶
ʱ䣬Ǹзһֱۣӱˣʲôʣ¡
һĻ˵Ķˣŷ磬֮г˾
Ǿ۵ʵɱִڣֻҪһС
̫ˣ˵뷨
һ۳ǣʱûȥפأŰɣԵˡŷ絭˵ĻëȻ
һǿߣһ۳ǣʵ̫ˡ
ڤһڿˮҲһŷ֮г˾η
ʱҲǿʲôۣʲôǿߣڹŷﶼֻҪ鷳͵


2484 Ե
һս֤˹ŷʵ
ۣ˭ܵзһǿߣ֮ǰ֮·ǿߣڣȴȫɱˣһʣ¡
ŷɱһˣֻҪһС
ڤ۵ˣʵЩν֮УǾԵٮٮߣǴʱȴϴ亹
һգҪսŷ磬۵ĵλġ
ڿҿûôȻĻԲк³
λصǣ˺ºͣͱ˶֣˾ҿ۵ĻȻҲǲԸġŷ˾ѡ
˵ɫЩÿǶһۣ¶ǿЦݡ
ۣʵھ磬Ƶһۡڤۿڣŷ硣
˵ҲǵһۣҲΨһۡЦλ棬˵һ㶼
зۣ֤ԼʵȻе˵Ļ
ڤɫ΢䣬û뵽Լǰɫ΢΢һ£ڤۺܿ¶Цݣ˵˵Ĳۣȷʵǵһۡ
ɫڨڨЩΣǲò˳Ļ˵ȻٲԸ⣬Ҳûа취
ΧЩǿЩƣвޣҲ֪Լ͹ŷȣȷʵĺԶҲû˵
۵Ĵ֮գЩˣ֪۴ĶǺˣָ֣ȢۡһߵϾ鿪ڣ˳Ƶա
ϾôǿߣһĶԹŷ˵⣬Ҳһ¡
ŷ¶һ·â͸æһˡ
ϾĻ˵עҲӹŷϣתƵ۵ϡ
΢΢һЦ˵Ͼ
û͸¶Ǹ˵ݣ֪Ǿһǿߡ
һ̣һɿµϢ˺λ棬ֱ
ŷ綼̲ס۾һУǹϢĺǿ󣬰˻ΨҶһ޵ƣǽǿ֮е޵дڡ
ֻǣϢҺϢȻǸմҺ֮лعһ
ĺۣŷվ濡
濸ܵŷƣ־˵ѹԣ̲סˣɫЩ԰ס
ɫһ濲վͷųԼϢ濿ŷѹȣ濲źһ㡣
ڤɫҲÿ濣һʡ
˭Ϊޡһ˳ڴ֮УͷɢѪսŵ۽ˣž˵ɱ⽵١
һɲãԶϢȻںܹϣǴسʱһ
Įɨڤ۵ˡ
ڤ۵˲ǵˣȫ¶Ȼɫ
ǽǿ֮еľͷ̫ˣ޵еս޵ơ
ֳֻһŷδ˿ˣŶԷϵȴ
ǿߣȻĴڣ⡣Ǹǿ߿ڣĻ˸⣬Źŷ磬û˿⡣
ǿߣ̫£˲֪ٴսνİνУϣͿκһ֣ǳ档
ҲͻҼ۳ǵķ֮ڲʩչͨɡŷӦԷӣʱ׼֡
սһϾͷ֮棬ǿ֮еϴڣԵ޵УԺɨһе֡
Ƕһ޵ƣŶԷսڱ
ۣҪᣬҼҷûκζ⣬ֻһĴѡ濿ڣŷ͡
ŷ粻ÿɷŶԷûзκξ衣
뿪磬߳ŷ翪ڣûһЭء
˻һǸǿ߶ʱ۾Ц˵ɨ죬û˸˵
ɥ֮Ȯ԰Ѿˣ㻹˵ЩЦŷЦһ仰ҭĶԷǺ
Ҳô룬뿪硣ŷܼᶨһأԶԷʵְԵ磬˵֮Уʲôû˻š
ŷ粻Щӣ˭Ҳ֪쵽ʲôӵ뷨
ۣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣҷλ֮Укβɣ㻹ûһͳء濲˵ڼҹŷ硣
ΪۣԼʲôŷ۰Ե˭ҲԵ
λۣɫ΢䣬Ƕû˵Щʲô
ŷȻԵǸ죬Ҳһвǲ뿪Ļǲ
ԣʱû˻ŷ緢ѣȱ죬Ҫġ
̫Եˡ濴ŭ
ŷĿɭȻ˵Ҹʮʱ俼ǡ
˻һɫ䡣


2485 վ
գ
֪ҲһᣬҪоս
ۣ㿼Ǵսδػ˰㡣˵ʼвŷˡ
Цվͷųһ޵еơ
ѹ죬쳣ţͲ¹ŷ綯֡
֮ţԺɨһеУｫҪΨ
Ҫŷ絭˵
˻һȻֱ֣ɱ˹ȥ
˭Ҳû뵽ŷôϣûһɣҪɱ졣
һХӡһͨѹ䣬͹ŷײһ
һ̣ͬʱ
ǡ濪ڣס濺
Ц˵λѣְҵȣƴǲۣҵûгͷ֮գзֵܶˣǵ³
˻һ˱ɫ
зرŷɱôжһвоڱ˵ָоǿңվ˳ס棬Ҫæɱǡ
ڤ΢΢˸Σŵ˵ȻţǻףŷҽˣвҲǿߵвСҾ۴ǱˣԸְۡ
˻һ˾ȡ
Ҫ֪ƹŷģʵڤۣ˵ӦΪҪŷȡ֮ġ
ڣȴһվֹ֧ŷ磬ôҶ̲סԾ
ڤۣǲǷˣǿʵǶڤ򣬴ʱڤ۵ڿһӡ
֮£ѣв˭Ҳ밲ǿߣ˾ۡ˭ܹסǣҰģǸ֪ѡ񡣡ڤ۵һЦƽ˵
Ȼվһ
绹ǿԮǰ죬ԺҷĴ磬һΪеףǱҪʹ졣еż˵
ʱ׶ˣ˳ȥŹŷ磬Ǹ졣
̬ȣɱǿߡ
ʱ·վӣҲһЩ뿪Ը
ǣһȺǿߣǹΪǿˣһվӣζŵľǶܵĻͲĽ
֮ս٣˭Ҳ㲻ȥŷȥ
죬ʱɫѾˣΪŷ׳֣˵ʵǿףһҲʱ֣ܿ콫ѹ·
·˸վöӣ󲿷˶һ
һǿߣϢǧţΧǡ
ʱɫȴˣ챻ɱǾԾҪΣˡŷʵ׵ʵҶ֪ˣԵǿƣ֣ɨǾŴǿߣһ¡
ǺǡڤЦȴңûվӣѡ˹ŷ磬ȻҲϲġ
Ȼʱ·磬ֻҪŷ˽ǾӮˡ
ȥǣɱŷ˵һ䡣
׵ͷûгɣֱ
룬Ǳɫܵ˾޴ѹ֮ǰƵȻ޴档
ʱǲ֪׵Ǻεǿ
ŷս죬ûиһᣬӶԼȭͷ緭õ˳ȥ
һ̣һݻһµ̺ͨڹŷȭͷ棬ɶȥ
ɫоһȭӿ¡
Хһһ˺ɫĳǹ֣סǹֱӶ˳ȥ
顣
޴ǹֱӱˡ
ĳɵѾɳ˿ֲĵزȴŷһȭ顣
һ̣ŷٶȱͨͨһȭȴһ޵ƣɨŽδ
޵У޿ɿ֡
ӲһȭըѪܣ˾Ե·硣
ʲôǱɫû뵽ǿ󣬾ȻҲǹŷĶ֣ȻͲǰһĻ
Ҫ֪ŷɵŶ꣬Ȼֲزʵ̫˷˼ˡ
ļˣܵһĴˣȻǺأҲӰ쵽սˡ
пܻᱻɱ
뵽һ˫ӡҪſһŻ
ŷкһо˼ҪҺ֮еͬǱмϢһǿ
ܵʩ׼
ŷЦͬӡ֮С
ʱ۳Լˣѹһ
ɱɱ⣬һͨضϣǶѣһ˲䶴Ϥ˷ʲô顣
ŭҺ֮г֣ɱеˡ
ǿҺ֮г֣޷Һ֮С


2486 ΪѾͷ
ʱƣ۳ԽӵĿ£ͬŷ˵һҪ̲ˣԷסһеˡ
ǳ֣ҺλǿȫˣȾѪ
һ̣켱ˣλͬ治ǹŷĶ֡
䡣
ֻظֱ֣ӽضͨһ̣ŷ콻֣Ǽսѹ񷡣
λ涼ڲҪٵˡ
Ǳɫﶼˣܶ˱꼰Ǽսನ֮зˣʧ
ֻһЩΪǿˣܹԽλ棬һʧ
𡣡
ŷ纰һֶϻ꣬Գλ涼·
һƣȻֱը֮С
ŷɫ䣬Ӷȭ
ۡ
һж飬ɢ
ɵˣ챻ɱǾΣˣûܹסŷĹ
ŷĿǲ
۲ҪɱǣԸΪӣ֮Ҫǿߣɱǣս濿ڣ˵Ļ
ܶ˲ݣǺվһߵˣҲ
ձɱ̾Ҫ޸ŷ磬ȻΪ˱ȴ˸оݡ
ɫѿ̲ס˵㡣
濿һۣʾҪ˵
˶ֹͣսŹŷ磬ȴŹŷĴ𰸡
ֻҪͷ˿϶ˣվһҲһȻǹŷͷĻͶţô룬ǾͲ˵ˡ
Ӻܶ࣬ůѾͷԸĻԴҵůѾͷŷ絭˵ƽɫˡ
ۣǿߣȻֻܹΪ˵ůѾͷʵ̫ˡ
ǿŷνɫжҡˡ
һףǻˡѾˣԹŷʵԺɨˣҹŷ绹а֣Ǿ͸Ӳ˵ˡ
ͬ⡣ҧԼ˵
㡣ɫ濣Լûͬذ
ֻǣ濸ͲɫŹŷ磬˵۷Źڳ˻塣
û⡣ŷӦĺʹ졣
ΧɫŹ֣Ͼ鿴˹ŷһֹۣ䣬תţ֪һЩʲô
һЦŷ벻ͨģΪ飬ԼЩǳϵǣٺ˵ϲ۱˹飬Ҿ˵Ǹһ˥ôиȢĴˣֻ͸
ĻɫŹ֣һʲôʱҲѧƨˡ
ŷȴһ棬ˣǲȢãֻůѾͷ
ɫѿһԼĶͷһȻӣ˵ˣˣ۲Ҫ⣬Ҳ
ŷЦ
һУֱӽ濺§˻УֺֻץסҪĲλ
һȴûˡ
һ䣬Ҫ
ʱһɿµֱӷסǿҲ޷Ϳסŷǿơ
ˣҲ߰ɣպйɱ⡣ŷĿɨǼվӵۡ
ȻŹ濣ûбҪЩ˵鷳
ͬ˵ģ磬Ҫ߶սڳˣǿˡ
Щɴ⣬뿪
׿˹ŷһۣҲ뿪ˡ
ڤۺʣµļˣŷ磬û뿪
λϾʱĻԳȥһӭλǰŷ翪ڣ˵Ļ
ԷΪʲôĿģȴѡ˰
Ѿ㹻ˣֻҪǲ˺ŷߵ˵飬ŷͽǵѡ
ʱһȥ߶šڤһϲϽ˵
ңǶڹŷ磬Ҳķˡ
ŷû˵˵磬Ȼֻһ֮УͳѣûʲôưԵ뷨
ڵλ棬ͳεˣȻܻǳ֣һͳͷ
ԣǷˣֻҪԼƣŷ粻ô
ع飬ۣŷ§ڻУȫˡ
˭Ҳû뵽龹Ȼôת䣬ŷӣȻǽǵۣȫˡ
ʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
֪ԼֻۣǹŷůѾͷʱ̲סŭǵ۰ô΢ݡ
Ȼû˸˵ʲô˭Ҳǹŷ磬ŭǸʱ򣬿ǲˡ
ŷع磬ŮһӶɳˣ֪˵ݣǸ
ŷȥμӻˣȥȥˡ


2487 Һٻ
ҵůѾͷŷ͵
۵ůѾͷҲֻйŷó顣
ˣҸæʲôæʲôȥɣҪǡŷˡ
濺Źŷ磬Щš
ҪʲôЩ˵ϴһ˿š
ǵʵȻܷŷ磬ߵһˣҲûʲôúڵģǣվŮˣһЩʱнġ
ҪҵŮˣΪޡŷֱӵ˵
ͨ죬Ҫ˵ʲô뵽ԼĴվûпڡ
ˣůѾͷź۰Ъɡŷһֻ§һˣһʧ
濺ٲģҲֻ˳ӹŷ硣
ȵǳ֮ɫ죬˭֪ʲô顣
ŷźĽǽܸԯǣǺúദ
ϾŹŷ磬Щ˵ѣôôûԣ
ȻڹŷֱӾͽŮ˸ˣϾһֲĸо
ϾĻŷЦˣ˵õĵ̣ҳңǵ֮У
ǻˣϾԾ
ŷ۵ѪһǶô죬Եľˡ
ʱûвȵǲ֮󣬾Ѿˡŷ绵Ц˵
㹻ġϾЩ
ŷû˵ǿߣվĶսܹ̫ˣһûа취İ취
ǿߣƺܶ࣬ȴ޾»۵ģȻ󱬷γڵľ棬֮£̫ˡ
ԣǱҪĻŷ粻նɱǿߡ
ȻĵһЩʱ򣬹ŷҲĴˡ
дȱǸǣ֪ʲôʱҪʲôӵѡ
ϴȻŮɫ߹һ̾˵
ŷ翴һۣһһ߹ȥһЦ̫ˡ
ʲô飿ŷʵ
ɫ΢΢һЦ˵ҪͻˣΪ޵ߣǻһ󡣡ߵһʮֵĲס
ʵϣɫĻǽеˡ
ڣҪ̤޵ߵУŷ绹Ƿǳ˵ġ
ֵ֮һһ·ߵڡ
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״̬ȻӲãΪٻֻҪһɱһ־ȻҺйϵվǶһĶ
˵ɣҿ϶ΪģôУŷʵ
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2488 Һ
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2489 һŮ
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2490 
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ڵ񣬾ǿԼŮһʵϣڵͣҪ˲֪٣Ȼ棬ԵʮĺӶȲϡ


2491 ֪Ƿ
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һʱ֮ڹŷУȴЩͬˡ


2492 ӡִ
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ֻһӡ˵һִ͸ղһɱȫһԷѾȥˣֻһִɢǾ޷ǰȡ
ŷݻԷʵȻձһһһս
ĬȻһ̣ȴŷɱ˹ȥѽ
սȻִȻ¡
ŷͶ֮䣬ѹһУԾأ죬أΨҶһȭϰ˻ġ
ͬǿƣ磬쳤磬ҺһƬսŷ磬չԼľֶΡ
һߣҲǹŷΪֹǿǿߣķǳ£ȻŷʵڶԷҲоѹ
һУд绯ܱܴúɳȥ
֮˵Ĺ⣬⣬Ҳǽ⣬һС
ǿŷ磬ҲУһһɢ
˵һʹĴսŷ綢ŽܣЩϧ˵
ԷˣһִȻǿ󣬵վֿܲµս
ȻȻˣνĽǿߣ˽ܣҲǶֻ֣йŷǿߣܹ档
һ̣ȭգɨһУһС
ʱ򣬹ŷһǿĴڣҲס޵еĵȭ
ܱɳȥִ㾧ӨɢŹŷ磬ֻһ仰վġ
ŷüͷջһʱִܵѾȫʧˡ
վȴûκζ뵽ʲô
ôˣ̲סʵ
ŷ翴һ۽ʧķ˵ԭ
ڲ⣬ǹŷȴ֪ͬ˵һվġ
ʱ򣬱ս¾ûôˡ
ǰУ˲ǿߣִǲл꣬ǵסŷ磬ȫɱ
һ㶼⣬ǿŷز޵ˣЩֻӡǲлִֻ꣬ôǹŷĶ֣ӦסŶԡ
󣬾ڶ˲ˡ
ǲе̫˳һˡ̲סѵ


2493 ǧ
ŷ΢΢һЦڶԣο
ŷֻ΢΢һЦûж˵
֮о˸һطһЦ
˳ŹŷĿȥȻ֪飬Ҳ쵽˲ԡ
ŷʱ׵罻֯һȫ£ͬб£ŷû
ǿµɱǿߣֲޱߡ
ڶУϢţ¶ֵɫ
ֿµþͳ岻ȥΪԼ˵ʱ򣬹ŷſһ֣סЩ
һƳȥ飬׺
ŷЦŲԶһߴӰվһħڸһ㡣
·ͨŷһӰڣɫĮ
ȫ׵磬ȴһιŷǷ֣Ⲣνִ߲
һǿߣ׵Ѿﵽһַ˼ľ磬ǿĲ˼顣
ʹ˵ŷҲףһǿߣڽǿ֮ҲҪĴڡ
Ŀ֮о˸ǵӰûκα顣
ǿ󣬵ǵסҡŷҡͷȶԷҪţͲŶԷԼĶ֡
Ǻǡ
ԷЦˣЦͬŷһ㣬š
֪˭Էʵ
ŷû˵˵ҾԼûбҪסһ˵֡
ԣһ㶼öԷǹŷǸ˵״̬ͷųԼǿƣޱȿ¡
׽ٻǵһ˸˵ԷЦ˵˵Լ֣׽١
ҲһΪҪˡŷ絭˵ĿײܹԷ֮еĻ⡣
һĹһڿˮʲô˵
˶ӣһ̣ȫˡ
׽ʵ£Ȼףֲޱ䣬ŷ硣
Ȼǹŷ磬һʼҲû뵽˺˳ȥûˣֻѪ΢΢Щڡ
˵ʵŷһЩƽϣһǿĴڣԽ죬ﵽһַ˼ľ硣
ԹŷսҪ¶ԷҲǺףҪȫԸ
ŷſأס޾չ
һȭӿԷ˳ȥ
һ̣ŷɫˣΪ׽ٳ֣ͬһл磬ŷĿѪ
ôҵֶΣŷ綢׽٣ɫ쳣ÿ
׽Цˣ˵ҵ˰ɣ׽٣ֻҪҳ֣еֶκ͵ᱻġҵֶΡ
ôܣŷ̲סһʹˡ
Ī׽ֻ֣㺰Ϊ׽١׽ټڣŷ˵
Ϊ׽٣ŷͻȻĻ˼ˡ
ǰˣĪ׽ٲɣ
ǧ磬ǧǧѣ׽ٱԴǧǧ׽ٵ־׽ټ˵ȴùŷ𺳡
ѵνĴ磬ֻһǧ磬ôܣ
˵Ļôνλ棬ֱ̫Сˣǧһ磬ǧǧ磬жٸְ
Ȼŷ뵽һЩ⣬Щ磬ѾٵˣͲܴˣӦûǧǧˡ
Ǹо˹ŷ뷨׽Цһ˵ǧǧ磬ǱҲǶоɵĴǧٵµĴǧ絮ֻأԶ䣬׽٣ƹǧǧʵٸߣҲܳԽңͨǧǧһǿߵķš
ŷЦ׽٣˵ɱ㡣
׽ɫм
ŷ糹ƽܶԷǲ׽٣ֻҪ־Ϳˣ˵׽٣ҺǰҲùŷ˿ɵֱն˶Է
ɱ
ŷȣ˹ȥһֱ̣ӱһлһµɱ׽ٵϡ
׽ٱɫܵв
ŷһĺܿ£üܹٵԼ
ʩչ磬Ҫסһ
˫ײһ̣׽ٵֱը飬ŷˡ
ܿ飬ݺݵĶŹŷ硣
ǲģ硣׽ٴʩչ磬ſµܣڹŷϡ
׽ٵƣѧϰֵֶΣԼʩչǿֶΣֻҪʩչһΣͿ
ȭ
ŷһȭûκûκֻ޵еȭ⣬ǵȭ޵еȭ⣬ǿҲܺ͹ŷ
ۡ
׽ٴը飬һΣϵ΢һЩղѸ١
ң׽¶˼ɫΪ֣һȭ޷ȻҲֻΣûϡ
ǹŷ޵еĵԽһУԼͯһڹŷ޵е־


2494 һ
ȭ޵УһС
Уŷ磬վڹȥδȫǻӶȭ޵еȭ
䡣
׽ɫ䣬ов
ҪܣãŷӲȥ
ʱʶ˹ŷʵĺԵʵֶξˣĵ־Խ̫ࡣ
һ̣׽ٳ׷飬ŷɱ
Уŷɱһʵ൱ǿߡ
ǣⲢ˵׽ٲǿŷÿһУ̺ȫľ񣬿˵һΪ۷ս֣ҲһΣΣܹɱ׽١
ŷ죬һƣɺǧ硣
ʱɵõ˼Һʲô׽٣ǧǧ׽ٱԴ
ǵĻΪ档
һеһУδ֪ǿŷҲ²͸
ֻȥҲԼһС
߹Źŷ磬ûд˼
ʱ򣬹ŷͻȻʵҺʲô
һ£ҡҡͷһãȻ
ŷЦԼǲͶҽҪ֪ڱ͵¶Լ֮ǰȻǣȴͬһŰֽһͲҺʲô
ԣǰˡ
Ҳ뵽ܹ֪Һʲôˡŷоһ
ŷĻڵ˵ͷԹŷܲܽ뵺֮УѾûκλˡ
ǰУûжãһסǰ·
ŷɫأӦ˵һеǣȴתſµϢ
ֻһ룬һĲ㣬ЩѾʧˡ
ǣŷȴһ㶼Сܹ׽֮Բ
ŷ绹ûκζͶˣĲѹŷС
ŷ̧ӲȭͷͲײ
һ̣ըڶɨԶ
£סѹŷ硣
ɳȥȴûܵκˣʾˣ̺ǿ޷ơ
ŷо˸һǿ󣬳ϡ
һ̣ٴѹʱ֮תȻҪŷ
ŷЦûһ˿һ̣Ȼ֣ӶȭҪ鱦
ˡ
ؾһ޴Ӱӱ֮վŹŷ磬Ȼ֡
˵սȣһǿߣͷų۷
ŷ糤Хһվڹȥδ֣ȫǻӶȭҪӲˡ

ǵȭͷײһȫٵԲȫɻҡ
Ǿ˵ģҪ֪һĽǿߣȫһ֮£ٵǧľ롣
ǿĺ󱲣ҹһ㹫ƽһսǵӰڣһ⣬ʧڹŷǰ
ңŷס֣һԤУõĽһս
ղһʤˣǶԷԲʵս֡
ǧǧ磬ǿ˭Ҳ֪һ֮Уʲôӵǿߡ
ŷܹ뵽϶ǿߣǿ߾Ҳ
ǹŷȴһţԼˣңڽ
ͻ޾ľ룬ͣһɫĹǰ档
ŷ羪ȣһϣѵһ
һ£ŷûκԥŹڣĻ֮С
⻪תŷһɽӾ㣬ʮ㣬һ磬Һޱߡ
ڴԵŷܹоƵĸ֣飬൱ǿ
룬Ȼһ磬û˭ܹ뵽
̲ס˵
ŷͷ͵֣ﻨ㣬ˮȪ˵ķҷĿ
ĵ죬һ磬϶򵥡
ŷԺ֮תͷڴʱһ֧˹еΪ
ûκεֿŷ֧Լϣ֧ķһŮվŴͣ΢΢Щȡ
ȻŮҲû뵽Լһ֧Ȼ˺˶Է
ԷԼŮתӡ
ˣòƲǺơŷԼıӡ
ŷĻһ׹⣬˵ɱ
Ȼֻ֪ܵŷԼãԹŷ粻õˣԼɱ
׼֣ŷһϽסڡ
ó֣Ǹȥŷ纹һѣڹڶԼάǺõġ
š
ڵͷ
˸ŮûбԷ֡
ǸŮٶȺܿ죬һʮ֮⣬һ󣬷û׷һ
ľôˣôôţһ䣬һɽ֮УŮļҡ
ղҷİˣǼϸľ˵ɫ֮дһ˿ǡ


2495 
ϸѯľһߣüͷʵûУ
ľʵڴģʵǿ
û˵ֻһȴһôûСľ˵ɫ֮Щ
ʵڴΧûܹվﲻܹסһˡ
ʵˣԲǶ֡
ľĻüͷһ壬ͻȻգ˵Ǹˡ
ʲôľɫ䡣
һ·ϷǳСģȷû˸棬Żصģֻû뵽Ǳ˸ˡ
ߵûľľ˵Էʵǿ󣬸Ͳǿȵġ
λɡ߿ڣŷǺһ
ŷ͹£˶һۣŷ翪ڣһ⣬Ц˵Ҫᣬûж⡣
֪λжĻͲ˵ˡߵͷڹŷĻһ㶼ɡ
ܹоŷǿʵԶԶԽǣҪôĻֻҪ֣ǾͲܵס
ľһĶŹŷˣеǳŨ
ֻż·Ҫһɣﵽʲôطŷѯʡ
ǲ֪Щ⣬ɫ֮дһĨȡ
ŷҡͷʾԼȷʵ֪
ɽǧı߻ģƶĵطһսаħսͬھԱɽ߿ڣ
ŷȻʶνаħָ˰ɡû뵽֮⣬ȻߵϧǸˡ
ɣɽʲôǿ𣿡ŷʵ
ߵʵڻ߾ңһǧ磬̫˽⣬Թŷѯʲôǿߡ
һ£ԥһ£˵˵ǿߣҲֻ̫ϳǿߣʵǿ٣Ǻܶʱ򶼳ƺΪ񡣡
壬ŷ翴һۣ¶һĨЦݣʵ֪ʲôط
ȥ򶫣ǧƵľ룬ڵĵط˵
ƣĶλŷһ£ǧƣڹľˡ
һξ룬˵㲻ʲô
һллȻŹڣһʧ
ľߣŷ֮˵峤ΪʲôҪڵķλбҪȥѯϢûл·
֪һǸҲбĻԺûˡ¶һĨЦ
ߵĻľʱһߵ˼ȻΪ壬˵Ķ֡
ǣ岻һ𣿡̲סʵ
һȻԳƵģ̫ϳϣҲԲپľ磬̫Զˡ
񣿹ûν񣬲һֻǱȽǿѣֻҪ㹻ǿҲԳΪ񣬲Ǹ̫ϳϣνأˣķɣءߴЦ
ߵĻľԾûǿףΪʲôԼһûκá
Ȼܱһˡ
ˣ飬ͺûйϵˡ˵꣬򷿼֮߹ȥ
ľû뿪Źŷ뿪ķľɫ֮дһ˿̾ѵбҪǿĴ
һжѾҪˡ
һξ룬ڹŷ˵˲Ϣ
ڵĵطСȫһΡĳǽתסǳء
ǿʿѲӰ˷
Щ˶ǳǿһʵԽľǡ
ŷǳ֮߹ȥ
ʲôˣʱ˺ʡ
һʿ˹ŹŷˣĿ⾼һɷ
ͨһŷ̫ϳϡŷ翪ڣǷǳġ
Ҳܹģһʿһ㶼
ܿ죬ŷߵĹڣ˫գʱ㵹
ŮˡǸʿڵ֮дһ˿̰
ŷüͷһ壬˵̫ϳϣҪ
ɱˣȻǰ˱֣ùŷЩ
ףǸΪʲôн赶ɱ˵˼ˣΧһЩȺѹȡ
ŷĻЩʿһ£Ȼ̲סЦ
ǴϣѾˣ㾹ȻԳ񣬿Щʿ̡
ŷüô¡
ŷ֪϶򵥣ûиҴΧĻһ֮еǿ߶ϣҪӣһ֮еǿߣ˭Ѻơ


2496 
ÿȻĻҾͳ㡣Щͷв
ĥݣһݺݵӡ
գôҲһµӣһֿɰӡ
ŷ綼ЩôɰӣҪܹвˣǲء
ȻŷҲڲв
ʵЩˣҲʲô
СŮҪҡЩʿЦڵ֮г˷̡
Ȼһ㶼ΪⳤƯСܹ顣
ǿڵʵܵ΢ûʲôʵȻ޷вԼġ
ûƭǣǵɣȻĻĻǡŷȰ˵
ŷĻЩЦĸӴˡ
Ǿùŷ̫ˣһǵ̫ϳĵһˣ޵С
ʵ̲סˣûгǣǵһ⡣
һ̣ǳضˣ˵һû
ЩĳԱȫסˣڵ֮г𺳡
ָٵǵĳǳأʱǼʿǲ֪ǰĸֵĻҲ̫ɵһˡ
ǷʱҲǷˡ
һǿ߷ɳȫŹŷ͹ˣɱڡ
˸һǡһĴһߵľˣ񻷵УϣŹŷˡ
ŷһʱ̲סȻʧЦ˵ʵǲȻڰ벽ѵľ磬һҲǿˡ
ѹָҳƺԼΪ񣬲ʵڹŷǰȴͲ̫Զˡ
һִֻ£ȻǸ̫ϳϼŷ粻شԼ⣬ʱŭˣֱӳ֣Ҫɱŷˡ
ǲΪŷ˵ʵԼ֮ϣһƬ֮УܹʵϺȵˣء
һָֻŷȻʧЦһһһֱִֻ飬Ѫ䣬쳣ޡ
һƺߴǸӰ¶ֵɫûκζͻٵһֻ֡
ףԼǿˣԷʵ̫ˡ
ЩˣĿɿڴǿ޵е̫ϳϣĴڣôˡ
ǼԹвͷԱҲǻһ£ǾֵŹŷˣоԼڹŹһȦ
ղǹŷһˬĻֱɱǡ
ɡŷ翪ڣԳ棬̫ϳ岻ı˳˴С
һĻЩĳԱŷӵľ֣⻹ֻһ仰̫ϳϲòȥжѵǰ
̫ϳһģˣ˿̬ŷ𺳣˵ĳԱֻǲ²⣬Ѿ϶ˣǰʵϣ̫ˡ
Ҽ񡣡̫ϳϹ£ŷͷڵϣ徹Ȼɪɪ
֪Լŭ񣬲Ļпȫ塣
ȻδҪֿǲֿܵġ
ϣǰ񡱲ûɱǵĴ㣬һ֣ҴеĳԱſտҲĵ棬һ㶡
̫ϳϾȻץˣһãȻ֪ôˡ
û̫ϳϣȺ˵һΣյ顣ЩѹƵȺ֣ǣûȡĵλ
ǵĵǺܿʧˣΪǵ̫ϳϳ֣ȴ˸ı䣬ͷȫûˣʱһȱӣ˫ֺʮӷ𣬳ҪȱΪ
ϺףЩһ±ơ
⵹ǹڵĽˣֱ÷𷨽ԷϴˣȻ˴ȱΪͷ
һײͬħͷһȻʼȱΪˣ
ŷҲҵԺ֪֮ԼҪϢ䲻ˣסڸߵˡ
зЩ½磬ҪܴĴۣö֮ЩҲû½ͷˡ
˵Ǵ֮Ϊ鲻ԤУԲľǹŷȴһָоЩν飬ֱǱӡһ
磬ŷ粢̫
̾һҵʵ̫ˣҪǿߣܹ֪һС
Ҫȥ磬ȴоĴڡ
ʥǡŷһ
ģߣȫԳΪĿꡣ
˵пص飬ǿߡ
ŷȴ֪ν飬൱ڳѵľѣǸ֮УˣҲԳΪ񣬵ǻǺܷڹŷС


2497 ɴ˾
ŷģֻнǿߣҲֻˣܹ⿪еɻ
ŷһָо磬϶ҺйϵҲֹҺյĹؼ
ŷνʥǵʱ̲סһһǣĸλɣֱ̫ˡǿŷ磬Ҫһ㣬ҪѲٵľĻӦǽǿģһһĽǿߡ
һ𣬽ʥ֮С
һ棬Щ˷ܣֵطǵһʲô̲ס档
ʥȫɣûһʿǣŷܹ֣ÿһʥǣһǿЩ˵ʵȻȫ׼
ŷ粻Щˣ׼˵̫һ㡣
ŷӳȥѰҸǿߡ
ǳʱһڹŷ
Ǻˣ仰һӴ˹ŷϡ
ŷüͷһ壬ԷȻȷԼڶԷڵʱ򣬲ŷ˶Է
˵˵ʵܲǽǿߡ
ߡ
ŷһסڣһʧ
һУŷ͹ڳ֣ǵǰһ۵ɫ΢΢һ顣
󵨣㾹ȻôӺǳ⣬ɫѿ
ŷǸղԼǺ˵ĴڣֻǿӣȻˣһ˾
ŷ̲סЩԾҪ֪һǿ߰ʲôӵˣܹˣԼĴ˾
ǿߡŷ
Ǹ˾ɫ˵㲻ǿߡ

ŷͷûзϡ
аħɱ˾֣һϼһɿµ־Źŷ磬Ҫɱ
ŷվﲻתŽɫĹԣЩ˽֮ϣȫը飬˲ŷ硣
˾ɫΪʵڽǿߣǿ󣬾Ȼ˺ǰˡ
ֻҪ˽һЩ飬㲻ŷ絭˵
ûг֣ȴȳȴҪ
Ŵ˾ԾԾԡ
ǹŷͷĻ϶ˣ˾
ڵʵҲСԲ˾֮¡
Ǹ˾ͲŷĻһҪߡ
ŷһֱӽ˾֮ץ˳
ɴ˾ʩչֶΣҲ޷ŷĿơ
ѹڹŷǰĵϣһûˡ
ﶯúܶ˶쵽ˡ
֮⣬һǿ߳˽ʱȫ̲ס¶Ծɫ
ǿĴ˾Ȼѹˡ
ʥǴ˾εǿǵУǴδֹ֮⣬֮Уûд˾Ķ֡
Ǵʱȴѹˣһ㷴ûС
֮е˶̲סˣǰһĻ
ŷ絭ɨЩһۣȫһһ
ϣе飬Ҳ˿
Ȼ㲻Ը˵ҾԼáŷŴ˾
˾ɫѾ֪ŷҪʲôˡ
ǴʱȴѾˡŷһָڴ˾üģһⱻн˳Σŷɿ˴˾Ľơ
ԭˡŷȻ˵
˾֪ǰаħѾ֪Լеļ䣬õҪ֪һС
㵽ʲôˣҪʲô˾ûߣףʵڹŷǰߵʸûС
ŷ翴һۣû˵ֻ˫ֲͣݡ
˾һ׹ŷʲôڵء
һȻɫȻŷ֣ҪϹŷݡ
ǰСȭͷ˹ȥţסһͬʱô˾˲֪ٲ
Щ˸ӳԾǰǸǿ߿ѹǵĴ˾ߵǸСŮȻѹǵĴ˾Ҳ̫ˡ
ǼֱǿߵǴģѵ½
ֻǣȻ飬֮⣬ҲûԼ˾Ķ֡
˾ɫײû뵽޺СȻҲһǿߣͲǹڵĶ֡
˾дƴ˼Ȼ򲻹ǣԸƴһҲҪӹŷ㵽Ϣ
ֻǣ֪е뷨һŷ翴һۣ˵ģҶûж⣬ֻҪ˽һЩ顣Ȼ˵ȴǴӴ˾˽ˣŷҪ磬ѰǸ
֪ʲôҿ԰飬磬ޱѣûбҪ硣˾ڣƽԼȻƴ¶޷ǰʲôв


2498 
֪Ķش𲻳Ҫǵŷҡͷ˶ԷʶûԼҪ֪Ķ
ŷ˾ʵȻǿ󣬵Ƕ뻹û֪Щʸ֮У˵˭ֻ֪Ǹ
֮УǹŷӴ˾Ժ֮еõϢҪ硣
ڳѣһŷͲ⡣
ֶΣûʲôǿסġ
˾ɫˣ˵ȻΪģҾ͸Ӳˡ
Źŷ磬ɱ졣
ĳ˾Ҫƴˡ
ʿȫΧɱа񡣡˾󺰵
ĴηЩʿʱȫ˽ɱŷ磬һԥûС
Щ˵ʵǿǿ߲Ǵѣȴһ󣬽ŷС
һںһγһµĺɱ
ŷ羪ȣЩںһ𣬾ȻһĽǿߵĹˡ
ŷֱ̧ѹЩˣʱȴ£ѹסԼʵŷŹڣгɱҪ˽󣬻Ҫһʱ䡣
ŷ羹Ȼûг˾е㾪ȣǿϲ
ԼղǸ߹ˣȻԼǿǾԲǿ̫࣬ղʧȥ˶־Ҳôܡ
ڼŷǱѹˣʱ¶˷ܵɫԼҲ֮Уѹŷˡ
壬ΪʲôҪѹʵ̲סʵ
ŷ΢΢һЦ˵󲻴Ҫо͸һö
Ŷ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷҲܹŷ絽ʲô˼ŷҪô͸Źŷôˡ
ͻװһǱӣ·ͳܲסһ
һĻ˾ϲӷĹֻҪˣͲܵвˡ
ЩʿҲһǾãǰˣҲеô£ǵĴתĸ⣬ȸղǿ˺ֹһ㡣
һһҹʱ䣬ŷŪˡ
Ǳ֪»Ծ˼㣬Ҫ֪ģ˵ƣǽǿҪŪףҲô򵥵ġ
ŷһһҹʱ䣬ȻŪ󷨣ֱƿ¡
ˣϷ˽ŷվڴ֮УκжԴĹȻϽɫĹγһ֣סеĹ
һĻʿȫĿɿڴǲ֪ô£ԷղһǱӣھȻվﲻǵĹŷķ޷ơ
˾һĻ׾סˡ
һɺ⣬ԷղžȻֻڶ档

ŷһһ̣ըЩȫɳȥ
ŷ粢ûֻ֣ܵһ˺
ˣˣټŷһЦǰһռѷ죬ŷһ˽ȥʧ
˾ŴͣܵϤϢ硣
Ҫ֪ǽǿе飬Ҫص磬ô򵥣Ҫһ׼
ħ񣬵Ƕôǿֱ
ǣ˾ȴף֮У᲻ƽˡ
ϣ㲻ܵӰ졣а뵽
ŷ̤Ǹ֮ͨУޱߵѹֹпµɱ󣬺ɨ˹
һ·ŷȻˣҪȥȻûô򵥡
ŷ绤סڣ̽һֻ֣ǰ·һ·ɨ
µɱ飬ޱߵѹ޷赲ŷĲ
ܿͨһ·濴һۣЩɱѾָȻͨûô򵥣ǿߵֶΡ
磬һƬ嫵ĵγɵ硣
ʹŷ磬û뵽ͱ˷֡
һǿ߳˳ŷʵǺˣΪδ
ŷһǿߣ֮е飬Ӵ˾Ժ֮е֪볬Ѿ֮УԷ񣬵ʱԸʿģפ˼䣬Ըģͨ硣
˵ʵһС
ŷشǸͻȻɫ󺰵ħħ֡
ŷ絰ۣôƶԷأȴû뵽ԷȻһڽݡһǿ߳˹ȫ֮ϵĴڣнǿߡ
Ȼǹŷ磬ɫЩء
ܵ߰˵ǿߵϢǸ˾
һ֣Կ¡
Ȼŷ粻£ȴپʲôǿߣʱҪԵģǿˡ
ŷȻǿǻΪƾԼһˣͿԺɨһ硣
ȻҲȴӲ


2499 
ô죿ʵ
ӡ
ŷֱ˺ͨ½硣
ӿ񱩵ɱϣɱ֣ȸղҪֲʮ
Ȼŷ磬ǻһ𣬵ȴסˣŹ½硣
һĻЩǿ߿ĿɿڴЩɱʮ֮һǶҪɵȻǿļ飬Ҳȴ׷ɱȥ
ЩɻǿߣαҪӣҪǴսǾҪ˲ء
ɻĶһۣԷе
Сһĺãʵ̫ˣҲǿһ鿪ڣСġ
Բ֮£ҼµһǿߡǿҲڣ¶صɫ
ʱ򣬴˾ĿɿڴŹŷ磬ղоŷ֮УȴˣĿɿڴ
֪ģҪȻǿļλҲҪ޴Ĵۡ
ǹŷɵĳ˳ֻͷ΢΢Щɢҡ
ģˣɱ湻ǿģҪ֪˭µģҲŷ졣
˾Źŷ磬ȴûгֵ뷨
ԽǺ͹ŷӴԽܹܵŷǿʵԽһУҪѣǹŷ׵ĳˣӣȻûܵһ˺
ãּˡŷ˾к
˾˼ʱ׼ߡ
Թŷ磬Ѿûսˣһ̬̫ǿˣԽ̫ˡ
ģҲģټŷ˵ֱ꣬ӻռ䣬֮С
ȥˣ˾Ŀɿڴ
Ĳˣ˽統ʲôطȥȥǴһ
һΣŷֱ֮סԼмûб˷֡
ҪصĻʵŷˣѷ
һȥĵȫӵʥϢЩ飬֮Уϡ
ŷҵĲǣ
Ĺ۲죬ĴѰңûоκˡ
ڣŷҵһΰĵ֮УΪߴʥΧĵȫΧɵģͬ¡
ΰģ˸ŲĹԣ˵˵ǿ
ŷףӦþǸˡ
ֻǣ֮УûбĻȻ֮ŨԽܺͣȴǳţû˴һ
üüͷֱӳ˽ȥ
һⱬػĴ˲侪ˡ
֡һһȺǿ֣߳˹
ŷ粻ǣֱӳ˽ȥ
һ󷨣סĸ֡
Ҫҵܹõ֮еһܡ
ŷǸ֮ЩȫֹȻһķŭȴҳȥ֮ʲôˮһ
ŷҲЩֻ֣һѣΪʲôҽ

ùŷ
ŷûԷ֮Ѱҡ
Ȼһȴһλô󣬽֮󣬱ж죬Ͳ濴Ǹӡ
ôû˰̲ס˵
ŷҲЩ֣ټһڵĵطȻûһˡ
һжţûκ顣
ŷţȻǸеĻԼҲܹоһ˶ûУȻûˡ
ҳŷͻȻһץһ˳֣ƿС
һ壬ȴ˿ǿнǿߵʵ
ǹŷĶֱ֣ӱץ˹
ҪɱҡǸ忪ڣ¶ŵɫ
ɫŹ֣Щ⣬Ҫ֪Щ˵ĿУһϸ֣ôСʵء
ܡŷҡͷͲš
ԲϾ¼ء
ֻʵԲЩ顣
Ǹ¶Ц˵Ȼֻǣȣ̫Զˡ
أŷʵ
Źŷ磬ȻҡҡͷЦ˵ˡ
ʲôŷסˡ
ˣǿôǿǽǿߣʵԲ֮£ˣ˭ɱ
ƭˡڶòܹţһôǿĴڣô
䣬ܹɱִڵֶΡ
Ϊʲôˣŷʵ
֪֮ǰѾˣ˵Ϊ˷ӡһ磬Ϊ˷ӡǸŴڵġǸ͵
ӡһŷ뵽Һʶ


2500 ֮Դ
ӡʲôŷʡ
֪ԷĻشɴࡣ
ĥԴһ£˵Ͻ˵ȻĻҾͳԵ㡣
вˣҲֻóԵ֡
屻һϽ˵Ĳ֪ǳԵңҲ֪ҳʱѾˣ飬ҲԼЩ˵ģҪ֪ľϢĻȥһЩһ
¶һĨǵɫ˵ǲҪ˵ҵĴڡ
ŷ˼һ£˵ͷŵ
ǳȥŷ˵
ȻᷴԹŷľһ˳ȥ
ŷ˳Щʱӣɱ죬ȫǵϡ
ûж⣬ֻǵ˽һЩ飬ܿϧ֮Уûмǵ˭ܹ䡣ŷĿɨЩˣʵ
Цƾʲô㣬ʲôһаħȻ磬ͱ뿪ˡⲻһε飬һͷ࣬׻˫ᣬ֮к˸Źŷ磬ɱ졣
ƾҵȭͷŷԼȭͷǸ飬Ц˵ʲôǾҪʲô
ܰԵͷǿ顣

ͷ龪ŭЦ
һ̣ŷ綯ˣһȭ˹ȥ
׻Ҳˣһֻ޴צӣɽҪ޴ֱѹ
ȭצײ׻ɫˣоһɿµĻצ档ӿԼ֮Уֱը飬Ѫɡ
һ̣Ǹ׻Ѫ⵹ɻһ
ŷ֮г˺ȻһָоղŹŷˣȻĻŷҪɱһо㹻ˡ
׻飬ǿģҲԲǿ֮һǴʱȴסŷһС
ûйŷǿߣ͵סŷ磬Ժɨˡ
Щ飬ҲһĻסˡ
׻ųޣɵأǿ˫ȴһд򱬣ŷֱڿһ
֪䡣ŷƽ˵
ʱû˸ҳŷˣǶһۣԷеļɵ
ΪʲôҪһʵƽɫļУһȺ֮еǿߣӿſµս⣬Ǵʱȴ֡
ս񣬴֮ǿս
Ȼһ飬Թŷ磬ҲҶ֣ΪԲǶ֡
Ҫ˽һЩ飬ûκζ⡣ŷ˵ɫ档
Ѿˡսֱ˵
ŷ΢΢üͷȻˡ
ôģŷʵ
ӡ֮ԴȼԼֻʣڣѹǸطս͵
ֹŷûԼеĿ£ȻʵҲеԵȴĲ⣬Ҫ˽һЩ
ԣսŷΪŷ͡
ȥӡĵطŷоһ˵
ҪʲôһŮʵ
ŷ翴һۣ˵ҪԼ
˻һЩ۾ȫˡ
ȻԸ⣬޷·һ½磬ҪܴĴۣԭΪȥͨȫرա
ĻǾˡ
ܹǸŮһʵ
һ£ұ塣ŷɵ˵
ЩһۣԷеԥȻףǹŷǿߣ˵ǿһ£ŲСİա
ǿߣȻмѡ
㷢Լûж⡣ս񿪿ڣҪŷ緢ġ
ŷЦˣЦ˵ҵʵ÷ʲôԿԼңҪңβһ£ǾȲҲҵʵǴͨ·ͨ
˻һЩ˵۾ȫˡ
ģս۾һ
ŷû˵ݵӣ뵽֮ǰı֣׽磬ֺ׵·ȥˡ
ʵԲ֮ˡ
ǣ·ų֮ԴսͻȻĵ˵
֮ԴƴѹĶǱųˣҲеڶˡ
ŷ粻֮еˣͲܰǡ
ʲô֮ԴҵҪʶһ£ĸңֱѹŷȻ˵
ŷ缫ΪĲɫǶһۣ˾
ðɣǴȥϣ㲻Ҫ֮Դ⣬ĻȻ䣬ҲҪɱ㡣ս
ǻеƣȴԸ⶯ãΪѵʱ򣬲ŻᶯõֶΡ
ŷ粻ÿɷһЦ˵·ɡ
˶һۣһʮǿߣǰ·Źŷ뿪


2501 ʬ
Ǹطǳӡ
ŷȻ˵ɣҲףһϽǿȥģ϶򵥣ǴĻҲҪԴ
Խĵһڰĵ
͵ʥȣȫһûκȫһƬڰ
һŵĵڤĴ磬ͬ
ڤνʵһǾԵţûκġ
Щǿߣ¶ܵɫڰĵ򣬶ܵӰ졣С΢΢ףסŷ֣˵壬еܡ
ֻйŷһ˲Ӱ죬ͷųԼϢסˣֺڰϢ档
˶һŷ֮УǴһ˿η
ѹ֮ԴĵطѾкܳûˣֻ֪ʬƮѹСս񿪿ڣŷ͡
ŷͷһƬ򣬹ޱߣȻҪҵʬ壬Ҳס
ҪѰʬĻûʲôϣս˵
ŷ¶ɻɫս˵ҵҲѰҹսʬ壬Ҫ̶һطҪƮǶʧˡ
ô֪ʬ棿ŷֵʵ
ȻѰʬʧˣ˵ӦûмŶԡûʬ壬ô֪ʬ
ΪǼս˵
ŷû˵֪϶ʲôԭ
Ȼս˵Ȼȴ޷սʬµϢǶܲסǿҪֵĻǾһɿֲ־գ̫аˣǾԲ־Ǿûж֣ǵʲôֲĴڣ¶סһˡ
սĻŷоһ˵ڲˣʲôаҲܹѹ
ŷţһ㶼ġ
ʲôаͲ£ȫѹˡ
ǿǰҲǸˮƽһ㶼ġ
Ļ䣬һʬ壬ʥĹ棬Ʈ˹
ԿһӢΰӣȻȥˣȻһɿµϢѹأһ޵еʡ
˹ŷĻƮ˹Ȼ貣ȴһľĸоӰ˴ͷš
壬ÿ¡ڿڣЩ£ڹŷ󣬱ܵĸоΣա
սҲˣͬʱĿŷ硣
ʵϣҲЩʬ֣ûһҪʬ뷨һַĵ⣬̫аˡ
Լ־ǻأǣһ־аǶоΣգȻ־
пܣʲôаƿʬ塣
ȻȥˣҲַǿǣ޷ƿʬ壬ҪǿƿصĻ϶ᱻɱ
ǱԼѹŷ絭˵Ȼһ̤
ӭ˹ȥʬ塣
ʱսǳԾ鷢ˣʬ壬Ǹо˹ŷĲȻֹͣˣȻתҪȥ
Ǵûмģǰһ־ʬ壬ͲǷУԹŷ磬ȻһĶӵĸо
ַǶһֺĸоԼһȺˣȻûйŷһв
ȻȻޣǴʱԹŷʵǷǳϿɵġ
ʵ㹻ǿôı֡
ߣһɡŷЦ̽˳ȥһץסʬ塣
˳ԾŷҲ̫ǿ˰ɣǿʬ壬ȻôǿƣͲʬС
ʬͷų⣬𿪹ŷ֣˳ȥ
ĳʬЩǱԶȥ
ŷЦضգֱӽʬ˻
㲻Ҫһ˳һа񵽼Ϣ
սɫˣȻһֱв²⣬ʬ屻ʲô־ƿˣǲĿ϶ˡ
ɫŭݺݵĶʬ壬ϵʬ壬ȻȥˣҲ衣
Ƕһۣ˹סʬ塣
ʮǿߣ׼֣ʬ¡
һȺϣҲҳ֣ʬŭȻ˵ˣֻǣа񣬳ɱ⡣
׳աŷƲƲ졣һ˸ղǱߵ˰ɣ
ʬ屻ŷ绰ѣŷ磬ľ衣
Ψһʬовģǹŷһˡ
ϣ˺ʣݹŷ磬Ȼǲʵġ
ŷʵȻţҲ˵ǹŷĶ֣οֻʬ塣


2502 
ʬӣһ˲䣬˶һֶޱߵĺڰĸо
սЩǿߣ̲סˣɫ䡣
ŶȣպҪնΪūͣڿûҪˣǶȥɡʬĮ˵
ʥȣȴ˸ſµĺڹ⣬аϢľ
ɱһԡŷ絭˵
վȣγһɫ򣬺;Եĺڰȫһ
ŷţŽɫԣʬţ˵ܱסԼв˰ɡ
սһŷǿƣ˲٣֪ǿߣʵ
㲻ˣαع֮е顣ʬ嶢Źŷ磬Ը֣ȻҲԼ͹ŷһսȡʤ
һЩ飬ңҾ뿪ŷ絭˵
Ļһ˵ڣսǾŭû뵽ŷ羹Ȼ˵ĻѾʬ壬а־ɱ⣬ŷһ뿪ʬܿǳ֣ʱ˭Ҳ
˵ʬ嵭˵
ѹĶʲôŷʵ
ʬĬβſ˵һħҲаһ棬ħնȥȴû뵽ħȻһսȫ
˻һսɫ䣬ѹĸħȻȻһЩţ־е
ȷʵնħһ飬ȴû뵽νֻ֮ԴȻǸ顣
ʲôŷʵ
սҲӦȻħѾˣǰаʶʲô
ʬ忪ڡ
ܡսǳ⡣
˵˵ô

Щǳʬ壬Ͳšǽܻ֮ԴħǿԽܣǽǰаʶǸͲܽܡ
ʬԪҲʲôܵģʬЦĿɨЩ飬ͻȻޱȣȫ̲ס͡
֮䣬սʬϣӰӣвһͷǰûк˵
ͷһǼҪȥˣɫϵ˼㡣
߾
ŷһ˻һǶһۣ¶˼ɫ
ս֪ԼղžȻһ㱻ˣǹȥǾͻΪʬĿܡ
ȻԷҲԸΪ˵Ŀܣοǰλһء
ɫ裬ʬ壬ػסԼ꣬ٱʴ
Ļһƿ꣬ԶԳˡ
ˣ˵ĻҰֶţ磬ʲôħȫģѾһУǶͲҪն㲻Իڡŷ絭˵ʬ壬Ŀ硣
ʲô˵ŷ׼ˡ
ʬɫŹŷ磬貣ȴһȻʬ֮аʶıԴϢ
ŷˣǿƵ˼㣬һ£ʬ帲С
ʬ循ŭǵزҲֻһս
쳤ХµħӿзȻǿ߶̲ס궯ҡ
ǣŷȴ˿ΪָʬС
ʬȻЩܲס
һĻսĳԾڹŷʵʶٴһ߶ȣʬȻ統۷״̬ҲԲ磬ھȻ·硣
ʬҿ⣬ֶʩչ죬Ѿ貵Աа񵽼ħ⣬ҵĿŷĴ֡
䡣
ըʬ嵹ˣվǳ˳ȥ
㲻Ҫ̫ʬ嶢Źŷ磬дŭź
ȴЩ飬Ȼŭ𣬵Щ㡣
Ǻǡ
ŷЦӣʬǰ̧˹ȥ
߼սȴȫһ浹һа־ȷʵǿȴûǿԿŷĵزһࡣ
ôܣʬ循
һǿʬ嵱УȻסǰˣе̫˼ˡ
ŷʵǿ
ʬҪӣŷȴʮһҪ¡
߼սʬ岻࣬Ȼк嫵Ǵʱȴŷȫѹơ
ķҡ磬ŽȴȻйŷ磬˾Ե·硣
ѹңǧǧȫҪѡʬͻȻ˵


2503 ڰ
ŷüͷһ壬ȴû˿ɣֱѹ
ʬջǰˣǹŷĶ֣ѹ
һ̣ҡǬ߸һµĺӰӺڰ󣬴һɻԵϢʱĳ֮У鲼ȥδ
ʬЦһ˫ӶŹŷ磬˵˰ɣңĻǧǧ綼Ҫ߸
ţŹŷѡ
ŷ˫ӡͣʬϣӡ
ʬɫˣоŷ⣬ûзŹ˼
Ҫʲôʵ
ȥһǸӰŷʬӸսǡ
սǸϽסʬԼӣе㵣ǣɫЩ顣
ڹŷ磬ֱӭǸӰȥˡ
Ȼڰ׶ҪǣؽɱܻŻʬЦŷ֮ȫǷ̡
ùŷǺڰ׵Ķ֣϶ᱻɱ
ŷ絭һЦͲ⣬˹ȥߵĺڰȣС˼㡣
ǣȴûܹӹŷĴڣȻСȴһ㶼ȺڰװһִڸУ˲ӡ
Ӱһȫ߸纣ȫŷû
ŷһûУȫûڷ֮ˡ
˳ԾرսǣɥŷɱǸνĺڰ׵Ǻεȿ¡
ڰĹޣһжֻкڰײܹʬɫȣ˵
ž
һƳϣ˦С֣˵Ϲ߶߶Ҿʹ
ʬԹŭĿӣսǵɫҲǺܺÿô˵ⶼʬ壬ڱ˳ϣҲȻˡ
ôˣˬžٴλӶƣʬϡ
ʱսҲˣϽ嵲ʡĹٴʬ塣
ǺǣҲսںڰΪڰ֮е꣬ڡʬЦ
𣿡һŷȻվδܵһˣĿڣ˹
ŷ磬ʬĿɿڴŵ˵ôܣôû£
ڰ׺εǿ󣬾Ȼѹ˹ŷ磬ֱ޷š
ŷûлشʩչأ壬Ǹڰһߴ󣬶ָ֣ǧòɿµķ󣬺ɱ˹ȥ
ڰ֮˸ſµĹ⣬֣ͬɱŷ硣
˵ײһ֮䣬ػӿһǧ磬ը顣
һĻ˶̲סһʬ嶼̲ס𺳣֣Կٴǧ磬˵ʵ̫ˡ
ڰһξ룬Źŷ磬ΣȻڻߣȻԸ͹ŷһս
ǹŷƽ׼֣ȻҪѹڰס
ǿƵһĻ˿ĿɿڴҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
սѾϳˣνĺڰףǵѹֻ֮Դڹŷ羹Ȼ˶ԷȻʵҲҪ֮ϡ
ŷҪ֣ѹڰס
һ̣һǵ֣ס˹ŷ硣
ŷվǵ֮ǰûκζССһǵ׿ȴŷһԺɵĸо
Ŀ㣬еɡ
һǵÿһ綼һǧ磬ÿһһʱԽ԰ꡣ
ǿŷ磬̤ȥҲڶʱ֮ڶȹȥ
ңǵǱߣ߰˵Ӱ֣ȫͺڰһĮĶŹŷ硣
һŷҪǿкɹȥ߰˵Ӱ϶Ҫ֣ǿŷ磬ҲܵסЩڰ׵֡
ͣ˽ŲվǵԵǸ
߰˵ӰȥǵȴûʧȻ޷ɡ
ŷ̽һ£ףȻЩνĺڰףҲûôܹǵ򿪡
ֻǣڰ׵ʲôŷܺ棬ҲҺʶǹŷǰĿġ
ֻܹȽȻ֮󣬲ܹ˽һЩ
ţѹԲô򵥵ġ
ŷع飬սŷ֮дľηǸܵ˹ŷǿǾǿġ
ʬ壬ݺݵĶŹŷ磬Щ
еĺڰҲôɱȥˡŷЦ˵
ߣڰй˼ɣΪʵǿЦһ죬ǧ綼Ҫںڰ˵ĹޡʬЦ˵ɫ֮г˲м
Ͳ
ִԲ򡣡ŷƲƲ졣


2504 
ŷֱ֣ûʬʶ֮С
һ̣һĴڱץ˳
һɺŷƹȥҪֹŷڡ
ŷųƽ⣬аֱ֣ӽһ棬޷ڡ
̫Сˡŷ̲סЦˡ
ȻҪڣҲʴ
ʵ̫ˣ˵ȻڰףҲһ㡣
һ̣ŷüķ⣬Ȼֱӽһڡ
üķ⣬Ȼһ
֮еʶҽУֵ˼㣬ǿֱˣƱ˵ʶΪǴû뵽Ȼ˿Լ
ҲܳԾŷ羹Ȼ飬ֱ̫ˡһӰˣʱһԺͺڰǿ壬¶Ҫˡ
սǺܽţŹŷ硣
ֻйһ㶼ģ˹ŷǿеĹŷ磬ܵġ
䡣
ŷü֮Уڹ죬Ǳʴһսľ
ڴʱŷӣ³һ仰ԭˡ
ƽڹ֮УȻǻƽޱȣء
壬û°ɣ߹ȥʵ
ŷڵСԴЦ˵û£ֻһڰʶѣһûʲôӰ죬ҷΪ˱Ҫ˽һνĺڰ׵ʲôڿҲˡ
¶ŵЦݣǶϤһЩ顣
⡣ŷ翴ʬ壬ͻȻһ
һ̣⣬һ壬ǣȻֱûʬ档
˲䣬ӣһɿµϢһ޵ƣΨҶ
ǿޱȣûһ֡
սѾһɫͺȻ
ǸоعˣϢǿ˾ߡ
£ΨҶֻһŷ͹ûܵκӰ졣ŷΪʵ㹻ǿ󣬲ңǸ֮У൱ĵλȻᱻѹơ
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һˡڣһ仰꣬ԶŴڵ
ŷ磬¶һĨЦݣ˵лȡ
Ҫæŷ絭˵
ʵϣԪ񣬲ûȫ֮е壬ʵһԪֻʱԶʧ˱Ŀ
ŷǸԪʱ򣬾ѾˣһʧԪ񣬼Ȼ֮УԪ
󲿷Ԫս֮ɢˣǻһԪ񣬿Ը
ع鱾֮ع飬۷֡
ѿҪ̽ѰǺڰ֮أѯʡ
ŷͷȻһӡǣûʶ֮С
⣿ɫǿҲЩԵ
սǶһۣ֪ʲô飬󣬵ʲô飬ܹǿɫ
ף϶Ǽ򵥵顣
ΪռǿߣֻǺڰףû뵽ȻǸڡɫأ˹ŷһۣ˵һȥ
˾Ϊͬŷ˵һ׵еľǵĴ硣
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ѣһ֣ӡǸҺʶڡ
Ұָ۷״̬ŷ˵
ͷŷָ֣
޾£ԪҲδȫָ۷״̬Ҫһʱ
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Хһڰ֮رһ֣˶һۣԷеս⡣
ҪһЩѳ֡ڣĻ
ŷ¶ȵɫѵ֮УпԺǿڡ
ã˳֡
һŮͬ겻ı˪һǿޱȣɫĳȹŹŷ֮дһ˿⡣
һˣһħǿ˼㣬ϹаЦݣСѡսЩ˿Ǹħ񣬶̲סһ¡
˵ʵȵ̫ࡣ
ֻǣǶԹŷȴ˿ڹŷϣǸоһѹķǳǿ
һܹǸܵѹˣʵǿ󵽿µĵز
ڻˡŮ˵ǹŷȴԿ֮Уһ˿飬Ȼ֮Ĺϵ򵥡
ǰڻˣԼҲû뵽űͷѹڰȴǰæһλǰҿķǳûмֵɬ˵
ΪԼѹ˺ڰȡ壬ȴû뵽ԼѹģͲʲôʬ廹ˣһѡ


2505 ɱڰ֮
лл㡣µŮŹŷ磬ϵĵл
䣬ûһ飬ȴûһ˻ỳɵĳϿҡ
һĨЦݣֱ˵һλҾͺ顣
ŮӱɫžǵĻֱ֮Ӷݣ¶ŵɫ
ϵĲȡ
ֻһ仰ѣȻĲ
棿ΪεǿߣȻԼǲˡ
ǧвڶߵʱʵ֮ɵûԼǲΡ
档һ϶
ܱ˵Ŀֱ˽ĻУ۾֮ˮһſŵɫʯ̺ǿ
ŷ磬һֳ嶯ҪˮץסȻ
ΪǿߣȻ˵飬ŷƽվˡ
ϼһߵһˣħͷҶΪżȫˡǸħӿڣ֮дŻϲ˼
ħͷΪ˭һһŮˣϲһŮˣ˵һһ氮΢Ц˵
ĻɬѣĻУ̧ͷ
Ϊǿߣѵɬɫ
УҺһǧ˰ٶλҲ氮ħͷһм˵
ŷ綼̲סһһǧ˰ٶλһܼǵס
Щ֪˵ЩʲôˣΪԼǶģǺħͷȣ̫Զˣûпɱԡ
ҲЩħͷԣӵ֮еİɫȷʵǱ
Ϊǽһ£λһĸǿ߾۹ŷ磬λλħͷҲǴ֮ǿĴڡ
໥һ£Ȼ󽫹ŷһʶˡ
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Ǵδ뵽ǿ֮⣬ȻΣաҺʶǧǧ粻ڣʲôʣ¡
Һпܣ磬ǵһĴ硣
ǿжȹڰǵǸʲôڰôǿ𣿡ħͷ˾Ҫǿкɺڰǵֻ뵽˺ڰףе㵣ǡ
ǲĸˣԷ߰ڰףһĻǺܻܿ·磬ɱĻ粻ء
ҵȲþǣʲôڰף˵ļһѣֻҪһ˵סһҿɱʣµЩŷ翪ڣ˵Ļʱ˶һ
ʣµĺڰףĸŷһ˾Ȼܹסôǿߣе㲻˼顣
ɱһڰףֻ֮һѣһٲ˵е㵣ǣΪ֪Էǿ
ҡŷ˵
һеĺڰף϶Ҫ֣ŷĿԻɱԷ
ͺڰ׽֣ŷкףڰûеô¡
ȵңȻ˵Ҿˡڣʹ͹ŷǰڰ֮أȻö˵
Ҹһ𡣡˵
ĿⶼħͷħͷԼıӣЩƵ˵ǲȥĻǻ᲻ң
ᡣ
ͬʱ˵
ǻȥɣҪˣħͷҲûʲô˼ˣȥƴһѡħͷߺ˵һûо˵ӣħ죬һµŷɣ
ŷתҪĹһۣ˵һ
塭ںһЩԸ
ŷɫЩ
ھС죬վҶ˵ʲôˣǹԹԵŷ¶ɫսһۣ˵λҺúտһ¹ڣ۶೤ʱ䣬ҿ϶
˷ģһúõչ˹ڹġսǸϽ˵
ŷĵ˵ͷȻڹڲ֮Уǣǵ߹ȥ
λһѣǵŷ˵

ħͷǵͷ¶صɫ
Ȼʶǳ֪ǵҪ򿪣ûеô򵥡
ӹŷĻУҲһţΪܹ״ǵ
ŷˣǵȭûκι⻪貣ֻһ޵ơ
һȭڰǵ𶯣Ҫٵһ
һĻħͷǶʱ¶𾪵ɫ֪ŷǿǿ˿£ȴû뵽
ʵѾԽˡ
ֲùŷôţʵȻɱڰףҪӳȥҲǷǳ׵ġ
йŷţ˵ʵκεطȥˣκ⡣


2506 նɱڰ
ŷҲüͷһȭȻûк俪ڰǵеϡ
һۣʾǳ֡
ַ̳֣ڻһϢŽδ
ǿµһĻΪǿĴڣڽǿ֮жǿߣʱһ֣ûʲôƵġ
ڰǵ𣬸ӵˡ
ںڰǵ棬˵ӰĿɭȻߡ
ǿµһĻǰ˵Ӱһǿߣڰһ֣Ҷأµ˼㡣
ŷٴγ֣ȭ£ը飬ڰǵʧ
һ˵Ļһ㣬ɹȥ˰֣ȴԴڰǵ
Ӱվ£ڰ֮ظڡ
ŷԷȥɫأ˿µɱ⡣
ɱ
սĺܿ죬ûʲôϻŷ֮߳ˣһģһȫӵս
ڰףս
ͨǾ̾
һ壬Ҳ˵һˡһͨŷݻһֲĵزǼ򵥵ķôˡ
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սŷһӡ˺ڰ򣬽˳ȥ
ͬʱҲˣڰףսһ𣬼ҵĲɱǶ̲סɫ
Щڰף̫ǿˣÿһ𶼲ǣֲõƴѹһ
ǹŷ絲סڰףһֲ˶೤ʱ䣬̵ܶʱ֮ڣͻᱻɨɱ
ŷ֣ݺ죬סڰףȭɨǲͣĺˡ
ǹŷ۷ıˣûκαÿһжǵȭɱ֡
µսӲӲûκǿŷ磬ʱҲƣʼˡ
ڰףңŷһһΣƼ˥
ŷȫƽģҪʱ䣬ɱ֡
ҲһȭգһУڰ״ĲͣĺˣѪܵ˿µش
ŷ޵еģԺڰףҲһ·磬ǿѹ
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ڰ򣬾Եļ̣챻ˣڰ¶ŭɫǸоΣǰˣлɱԼ˵ʵ
ɱ
ŷһ𱬷ȻڰΧм䣬ʼ
ǿĿɿڴսʵǾˣŽδС
٣֮Уδ˿µĴڡ
ڰ׳Хϵĺ飬¶ݡûһĵطģֻòȴһģһûκ
ʱھҪŷѹơ
ܵġŷЦ˵
ҪɵǣôǳȥȻռϷ磬ҪƱֵ
ŷһһɱ֣ںڰ׵ͷ
һɱ£ȻЩڰףҲЩܲסѪģ
ЩѪɱ֮Уɱϣɱӿˡ
ڰףɫ䣬ԽԽ͵˶ˡ
ֳ޷С
ȷ֮󣬹ŷֱӳ˹ȥսš
ʣڰףǳǿ󣬵ȴסŷǵ֣ܿͱɱˡ
ҲҪʱϹŷˮ
ǣȴûŷǿƻɱ
ʧȥϵƣڹŷǰЩڰԵЩ
δĵ֣̫ˡħͷ̾ȴսڣȻĶ֣о˷ܣǺ£ս⡣
ƽǿ֣ҵȣҪǿһݣûйŷѵİսĻδǵĶ֡Ҳ˵üͷܵ˶Էǿ
⻹ֻǿʼڰףľ׺ڰǲ²ĻνĺڰףСӣҪԵģǸǿĴڡ
Һʶ뵽Ƕ̲סɫ
Ȼ֪ҺʲôǹңԶδ֪ʹڵĵطǴ֮⣬ǿˣȻǿ֮еǿߣҪбžη֮ġ
ҺʶĻжǿ
ңŷ˼ҺʶҪûǧǧ磬˵ĻǽҪٵһµѡ
ֳһʶǽǿߣǼֱҺǿʲôز


2507 
ǰŷ
˶һۣԷеء
ǰһпٲڰ׺ǿ֮жҪοǡ
Ҳûа취飬ҺʶĻͬҪ֮֡
ڲлᣬҺʶٴ˯Ǿͻʱȥ׼ʱҺʶ
뵽Ƕ˾
ڹŷǼǰС
ǰһƬڰΣһУŷһָоԼǽ˵֮Уµ˼㣬Ƕ̲ס궯ҡ
˶һۣԷ֮еء
ĺܿ£еĶҪֲĶࡣ
ǽѣǲָо
ΧһƬţ߶ûУǾԵĺڰԵļžûһ顣
Ҫ̫ˣа˸ڰףػǰǽ˾Եļž֮⣬ʲôûзӦ
Сһ㣬Ҹое㲻Ծħͷڣɫء
ʵ˵Ҷо˲ԣ̫ˡ
߿
ͻȻڣһȭһ
һʲôûУôҶЩ㶣⵽ô£
ŷҲ̲סüͷʲôûз֡
ղô£ŷ̲סʵ
һ£Ȼһֵŷʵʲôô£
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ħͷҲ¶ɻɫһѵô
ûаҸղʲôûһֱ·ҡͷüͷʲôû
ʲôСֵŷˡ
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ŷǿ߶޷ֿƵĻǿľҪΣˡ
ŷҡͷ˵ûУղһʶҪңĨҵһ̵ļ䣬ҸĨˡ
˵赭дȴħͷǳԾҪ֪Ǳƣʲôûз֣ǹŷȴԷ֣Ĩһɼ䣬ʵ̫ˡ
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Ǻܹһռ䣬ӦһǿģǱŷһ£ſ˵
һһ¡ֱ˵֣һһƬռûܵκӰ졣
ʲôǱɫôܣ
˵ʵ֮䣬ûʲôǴƵģطȻһûУ̫ǵˡ
ҺеˡŷҲһ£Ȼ˼˵
˽Ŀⶼŷ磬ȻҪ֪׷ʲô顣
̫ŹˣǶеɵη塣
ȻΪǿߣδ֪Ķʱͬٲ˿־壬ıԡ
һǿߵΡŷֱ˵
ʲôţȻ죬Ƿһʵ磬ɵĻӦÿԸоŶԡ
ܰɣεĻҵҲԴƣǿҲܵסǵħͷüͷ˵
ҲͷҲġ
ʵ֮УȻǿˣǵһ֮УҲҪܵ𵴡
ǸǿߣһǬŶҪ𶯣ôƲһ㲨ⱾͼΪ
ֻǣһǿߵΣԽôе㲻
ǿˣǺǣôȻȥҵΣҾǾԵף㷨죬ҲԳȥһ˵ĵ


2508 Ƽ
ŷЦһ˵òϷ
ʲô÷Ҫҵξֱ֮߳ǳ˵ΡǸЦ˷̡
ˡŷ˵
Ǹ΢΢һͣβż˵Ц
ֻ˵֣㲻ٿڡ
ǹɹʴŷǣħͷЩľ
ôڣħͷʵ
Ŀⶼŷ磬ղ˵а취ġ
򵥡
ŷ翪ڣһ̣üķ⣬һµķ
Щӳȥںڰ֮УȻʧ
ôܣܿ죬һȻһ˿̿֡
ûʲôܵġŷ絭˵
һ̣ﾰɫ䣬վһƬ֮ϣΧˮɽŷҲͷųһһӡ
ǣЩ㶡
˵컯ͨÿԸоŶԣʼգûиоŷʩչ
ҵΡŷ΢΢һЦ
һ£¶ȻɫǿжһǿߵΣֱ֣ίʵˡ
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ǣȴ̲סɫ
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ħͷ̲ס棬һϰ׵ѷ֣̲סһŹŷڿһ
ղ˺ܴȻûжǼе֮Ųȳһϰ׵ѷ졣
ǹŷ羹Ȼһţһ׵ѷ죬֮Ĳ֪࣬
ˡŷԶ
ߴӰ˹ȫſµɱ⡣
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Ҳ⼸˲ǹŷοǿƼͳĻˣ쳣ǿ󣬵ѾĿƼڻ˵ֻ֪ˣ֣Իٵһλ档
㾹Ȼ֪Ƽ࿴ˡһǸξĴڡ
ֻǣδЩ˳ֵġ
ûʲôֵģΪʲôѵľã⼸ǵĶ𣿡ŷЦ˵ɫЩм
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ȻԼĻˣš
Χһʣµҡŷ翴һۡ
ⲻǿǣЩˣķǳ£ǲ˽⣬Ҳ⡣
ȻŷҲǺ˽⣬ֻʵǿ󣬼һЩ׼ԲĶѡ
֪Ҳ׹ŷŵĵ
սˣ˸һӴˣܵ˴ˣֹĹȻǹŷ綼̲סһ
񾭶أһЩߣиַչ۷ĹţɫѿһӴˡ
ڹŷ磬ʵ㹻ǿ󣬵Ҳһֲ˺Զһʱ֮䣬Ȼ·硣
ģֱӲӲǿĹҪЩˡ
ײͬһ˵ΣҲڿٵ޸
ĺǿ󣬱еҪǿĶࡣǸЩȹŷǿ
Ϊˣŷ磬Ӧû̫⣬ڿȴе㲻˵ˡ
ȻǸԼļˣҲţԼķԼʧ
͵Ϊֹɡ
Ǹڹսʱ򣬹ŷһ
һ̣ȭգֱӺɱȥ
һֱӱ飬ʧȻ׻ٵˡ
һ̣ŷһˣ罣ɳȥ̺ŵĲǽֻأǸ˰Уܿ콫Ǹ˻һѷȫһɾ
ʲôǸ˷Ȼڹŷһɱˣеסˡ
⻹ǽ
ŷ綢סһܻˣûκλڵֻһ˫ȭͷɨ˹ȥǸ˳״ıϡ
ʱ˳֣ҲǵĶ֡
ͬʱǰȥһڹȻҪߡ
Ǹˣ鲻ԣҪʵǷǳǿȻĻҲԹŷĸ֣һԲǶ֡


2509 
ߵ𣿡ŷЦ
ٶȸ죬ͬʱضϿռ䣬ԴͨҪԷ
ǵڹҪƹŷֶΡ
Ҳ͵һʱ䣬㱻ŷ׷ˡ
ĸ˶һڹ⣬¶Цݡ
һڹзë֪á
ĴǿΧסҪ߶ǳѡ
ʱ򣬹ŷǲſһڹĳ࣬¶ȵɫ

ǵڹͬС
档ŷ¶ɫ
һͷ棬˫ᣬ绢ȴеţӣëͬ⬣繷
ֻǣ飬֮веôʵ˿¡
ʲô˲֪ʲô¶ɻɫ
ŷûлشǣǶ棬һͷĳ֣⡣
֪ң˵ĹâŹŷ磬¶ȵɫ
һ⣬˵Ȼͬһط飬ͲӦΪң߰ɡ
ȻʶǾͿ϶ͬһطһԼĻˡ
ֻҪشҵ⣬Ƿ㣬Ҳûʲôŷ絭˵
ŷĻȴûκϲ⣬˵ͷʵʰɡ
ΪλһطҴδ˵Ǹطֹǿߣǵһ֮ǰûκΪǿߡŷ綢档
к֣Ǹ磬ûнǿߣĻҲôλˡ
ĳ֣ùŷһָоûô򵥡
Ͼһ֮УôûнǿߣǸʱҲ٣쳣Զ콾ƣǿȻ١
ǣǸ֮Уڴ֮ǰûһǿߡ
ŷҲɹһУڿйȻ⣬Ǵ֮Уûǿߡ
֮Щԥ
˵ŷЦ˵
һܹܵŷɱ⣬ԼҪǲ˵Ļŷ϶ɱ
ʼ档濪ڣһ飬һĴ󺺣ڵϣҲ¹ŷǶ
ʼ棬ŷͷǲ⡣
һǿߣٳһȺ㲻ʲô
һ̣ʼĻȴùŷֱվҲࡣ
ôܣŷš
ޣ࣬ôһⲻܡ
Űɣ˹ŷһۣ΢΢һЦ
ŷͷȷʵеš
ǸʱĿƼչһȿµĵزղĸ˺ǿɣǸʱȴЩ廳˵
𺳣Ծ
ЩˣսҪ֮ϣʲô붼롣
ǻԽɸӣɸӣԼϴãѡֻҩǸʱǣǿǧǧ磬ΨҶûκһǧҺײһȻ˵
һҶɣͬ˵һǾ̫ǿǧǧ֮֮г𣬾ûκˮ֡
ǸʱΪԼܣûпƼ첻Ķû˵ĵط˵
ţ뵽־˵ķ٣ȫ̲סѪڡ
ǿߣǺǣǸʱ֮нǿʮˡ浭˵
˻һŷȫһ¶ŵɫǿʮˣôܣ
ܾʵǸͲþȣƼչܹĿ¿Ǿġ΢΢һЦ
Ȼǿôᶼʧأŷüͷ
ʮǿߣЩµĻˣִڣôʧһ㶼ʣȫͲܡ
ΪҰġ˵֮һ˿⡣
ŷоһνѵǸʱǸͳߡ
ȷʵޱǿǸʱԵ޵Уǧ޶֡ͷϴľη
ȻȻڣǸǿ󣬻е¡
Ȼôǿ󣬻ʲôҰģһͳǧǧ磬ҲӦòʲôɣŷüͷ
ȷʵģȴΪӦûܹøǿҪµһԵľ룬ĻͲ׷ȡˡɬ˵
޵еҲеĵʱú̡ܷ
ŷҡͷԷȻǰݵ̫ˣԲŻֵǡ
޵£Ҫһ޵е־Ǳᶨ϶ִ⡣
ҪͻƣȴΪֶ̫ңǧǧǿߵĲһս˰ǸʮǿߣĴǧǿߣͻˡ浭˵
˻һŷȫһͻˣֻǣҲ̫˰ɣʮǿߣǧǿߣǿɶǽǿ߰ȻͶˡ
ΪδδĴ˵ŷüͷ
ĳɹĻӦˣӦĬĬŲŶԣΪͳǸ磬ͳеĴ硣
Ϊѹˡ˵
˻һŷǶ¶˼ɫ
ȻѾͻˣαѹˣȻǲܵġ
Ȼ֪ǵʲô磬ʮǿߣǧǧǿߣôҲ˭ĵ֣
ǲţ˵ʵЩˣҲšɬ˵
μһսȴҴߣûбɡ
ȻĴڲࡣ
£սѹһ󺣣ʶ˳˯⽫ֹһпԽ󺣺ĵˡ˵
⵽ʲôȻҪĴǲǾҺŷ⾼

ͷ϶˹ŷĻ
ŷ絹һҺıʣȻɵġ
ֻǣ⵽ʲô
Ҳ֪⵽ʲôǿԿ϶κһʵ֣ҲǶ֣ѹˡЩ˵
ÿһ⣬ŷ𺳣ǺεǿߣĿʵ
ǵΪδؾǻϾѹһôǿߵˣ⣬Ҳһ
ŷж̲סţȻԸǿ߶ϡ
һҺʶļһѾµˣοĴڡ
ѹ벻ʲôˡħͷЦ˵ֻЦȴе㽩Ӳ
ħͷһۣ΢΢һЦֻЦ֮УȴһĨ̡
ǻˣǺǣǻ˵ĻҲԺʹ½ǿ߶Ͼ˵
ŷȫ̲סɫʹ½ǿ߾ŷͻȻˣΪǸ֮Уûнǿˡ
ֻǣҲܹȫǴϾĴ֮УѾ˽ǿߡ


2510 ·
ڵĴ磬ǱصյĶ󣬳˰ٷ֮ʮŵԣǿԳ֡֡
Ĵ֮УǿȻҲϾûжϣķš
ǹŷڵĴ֮Уʲôûʣ£һжɿˡ
ҲΪΣǴ֮Уһֱδнǿ߳֡
һ˵翣ȴ־Դڡ
ŷҲܹо֮£ڴ磬ȷʵǿ
ǣǵͻƣǿԽԽ࣬ڱǿ
һֻı仯ǵʵйϵ
ŷ籾ˣܹ֮ڶʱ֮ͻƣҲйϵأΨҶ磬ͲҪصϿɣȻò
ԣŷܹͻƣΪǿߡ
ʶǲҪգŷʡ
Ĭһ£û̻ش
ŷ棬Ŀ֮к˸Ȼ治˵ĻȴĽԺòˡ
Ҳֻ֪ǸоЩӦҪˡ
ŷǶһۣԷеء
յĻʲôŷ綢档
д磬Ȼ󱨳𣬼ս⣬һǳǳˣȻǿ󣬵ǾԲԿܿ϶˵
ǸʱǶ㹻˽⣬֪һʲôӵˣԣشķǳ
Ļŷ缸˶һۣԷеء
ĻԲܸա
ȥŷ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Źŷ磬ʵҪʲô
ɱ
ŷ³֡
ɱĿġ
ȻҺôֻҪɱҺͲˣĻҲͲõʲôҺ־ˡ
ܵġҡͷͲΪŷܹɱ
ʹŷǿҲһǿ󣬸Ͳǿȵġ
ʵǳǿҲòϣǣʵδﵽͻ֮ǰ̶ֳȣ˵ͻ֮⣬ҲΪ޷ɱŽԪѹ͸ˡֱ˵
ⲻǷ̣ʵ
ȻŷҪϣҲûа취
Ϊȷʵ̫ǿˣһˣʵ޽⡣
һ޵еĴڣôǿߣ˵Ҳжôǿ
δͻ֮ǰмʤİաŷʵ
㡣
˵
ŷ̲סһȻȻΪԼôãɴ˿ɼҲȷʵǿ
δﵽĸ߶ȣűȽϴĲࡣ
һǸӦҺʶҪգԣҪɱʶ˯ԣұҵŷ綢棬ף϶öԼ˼
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼöŷ˼˵Լȥ
ңҲǱѹ˵䣬Ǹգĵ𣿡ŷ˵
ɫѿȻ
յĻ϶Ź⼸һġ
Ը̫ˡ
ȥȴҵ֮һƣҸ޷뿪Ц˵
ʵϣôƴֹ˽ҲΪһ㡣
ǲˣֻҪٵˣ϶ҲҪ
ԣôƴֹ˽
һѹŷ綢棬ֱ˵
ʲô¶ŵɫΪԼˣԼôܣһ˾Բġ
δʵΪⲻԼķ͵
ŷʵδͻƾʲô˵ֻ
תͷŹŷ磬֮ȴЩϣ
˭Ҳ뱻ƣرǿߣܹɣ˵ǼֱҪɹĶˡ
ܵģµķʵôܽ⿪ŵ˵
ŷЦˣһץһϢץ˳һ¶ŵɫ
϶֪ʲôҽɡŷֱ˵
ҽɣǺĶȻ֪ļˣΪŷղһ֮͸оԼ֮еĽ˺ܶ࣬ͼӰЧȻڻɹŷˡ
Ƕ¶ȵɫڹŷֶΣо𺳡
Ըȥ𣿡ŷʵ
·ǿ϶ҵҺʶڵأң˽⣬϶Ƕġ
ֻҪԵĽƣҾʹȥֱ˵
˯Ҳϣ֮ǰ֮ԵģҪΪƵ⡣һϧˣֻҪܶһ죬Ըκ顣
á
ŷͷֱӳ֣һϢץ˳
ǶԷڵϢڱŷֱӳ˳
֮УŷԸо⼫ǿʵԽܶࡣ
ֲܹѹͻ֮Ĵڣֱ
һ֣߳һЩ⣬ʱ䣬ЩϢȫŷˣȻֽΪһʧ֮䡣
ûˣûˡ¶ɫ̲סЦңŷ緢֣Ϣڷ˲ﵽһµľ硣
ŷ粢֣ܹڵһս֮лʵԷǳǿ󣬲ȻĻҲ˽ǿߣȴš
ˣڿԺһȥ˰ɣŷ絭ʵ
ŷĻȴЦˣֵʵȥʲô
üͷʱȻҪڣûдȥĴ㡣
ѹ˯־Ҫŷ絭˵ûо쵽뷨һ
վ˵·ɡ
涢Źŷ磬ɫЩ̣̲ס˵㵽ɵǼٵɵ
ʲô˼ŷ綢ʵ
㿴ڻҪһȥҲû뷨־ˣȥҪʱءЦ׼뿪
ѹػһ·֪˶£Ҫ뿪ˣ̲סЩء
˵ôãﵢһʱ䡣
ȻǾʹ·ȻĻɱ㣬ɱ㡣ŷ綢棬˵
ɫһ̲סЦ˳Źŷ磬м˵Ҫɱңƾ㣿Цһ㶼Ц
͵ˣҴϲ˵Цŷƽ˵
վǳȣûһǴʱȴɫһһָоԼĲӦҲҪԵģǼֲĹˡ
㵱ǵˣǺǣʵָ֮Ȼڵ꣬Ҳûм˸˵Ϊҵĵˡŭ̺ǿİ
ˡŷ˵
ǶţϢȫͷ˳
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳ׼֣ŷѹ档
λѲó֣Ҫɱһ˾͹ˡŷ絭˵
ŷĻǶһۣǽԼϢ
Ȼһ·ڹŷʵѾˣŹŷܹѹ档
Բѡ˵
˶ӣ󱬷˼ҵս
൱ǿ󣬾Ͷ֮䣬޾𶯣Ƕ̲סɫʵԽˡ
ֲûָʵ֮棬ȻôĽȷʵʵ
ˡ
ŷȻҲսǲסе
ҲˣȻǿҲǿ̫࣬Ͳսʤң˵ɱˡЦ
ȭͻȻڣһɿµϢϱ춯ء
֮䣬һϵߣʱ䳤ӣŽδǿһȭ̺־
һȭԻٵ硣
һߵĽǿ֮ȭ
ŷףĻӦǸǸ֮䣬ûô򵥣϶бĹϵ
ӶԼĵȭӲһȭ
䡣
˶û֮УѪ
ǵˣ뱻ײǾǵϣˡ
˶¶ǵɫ¹ŷ·硣
һӰ˳棬ѪӶըˣԵ쳣ҡ
ŷ֮߳ɫ΢΢Щ죬ȻЩѪڣǳ֮⣬ûһӰ졣
ûиˣȻӢΰ˼㣬Ȼ½Ƕû
ֻһУֳʤȻǿ󣬵ԲǹŷĶ֡
ҲšضҪÿһëף̺һǺӣѹŽδֲֿϢ̲סս
Ϊ󽫾ǵ֮ĸ֣³֮⣬˭˵ʤңҾͲŲĶ֡غȻǱŭˡ
ŷȥӴƶѹ
ҹ
ŷЦ壬Ӵޱȣѹ˻ϣΨҶһֻ£ֱӽķɳȥһ̣һֻбնֱӽİն

澪ŭܵԼ͹ŷ֮Ĳࡣ
С˹ŷ磬ʱŷʵȻδͻ֮ǰǱҪǿĶġ
նӣŷ֣֮лƣȻ
Ҫ׻ɱ
Ҫȥ
ŷƷеĿռ䣬浲˻
ǿ𶯣ŷ֮ڣϣ̲סҽ˳
ʱȻǿҲеܲסһ㱻ˡ
оԼڿٵҪˡ
Ļܿͻᱻŷɱˡ
ң͹ŷ罻֮ףŷ粻ɱԼҪɱĻͲҪֱӳֱˡ
ҰɣҴˡ濪˵¶ĵɫ
Ҫţ֮£ҪĻǾĻܲҡ
Ǻǡŷ絭һЦЩΪȻ
ŵĶˣΪԼ´أŷҪɱԼ
㣬ŹңʲôԸΪ˵Ǳŵˡ
Ҫɱ˵ĻǾе̫ԩˣûȥһĴǧ磬ȥˣֱ̫ίˡ
뷴ڲŷʵ
ˣԲˡֱ˵һԥûСпЦҷڣԵŷɱǵ֮󣬴Ҳҷˡ
ͺãҷ㣬ҪڵĻҲνߣʱԸɵ㡣ŷֱ˵һ㶼Լɱ⡣
ŷĻ̲סһ²ӣһ˼ˡ
ǹŷ粻ǿĻǻлߣǼʶ˹ŷֶΣԼҪĻʹߡ
кףԼӲŷڵһʱ֮ɱԼ
ʶŷʵͲб˼ˡ
ȻҾͷ㡣ŷջ𣬽
ϽˣղȻֻһײ˵ĹǺŷʵ̫ǿˡ
ʵĺǿ󣬵Ҳˡ̾
˭ŷһ
ڵǧǧ֮УߣЩߵʵǣˣȴǵĶֱ֡˵
ŷһ뵽ԼˣǸ
бĴڣǼִֻ߷ǿ
ŷһֲ²⣬Щ˵ʵӦöԼȻĻҲһִǿġ
жŷʵ
ǲˣԺˣҿԸ㡣ֱ˵
ȷʵеǲסˣʱ̫ԶˡҲǸղͻȻģˣӡˡ
ǹŷ磬Ҳһ㡣
ڵʱ䣬ʵ̫ˣһЩ飬Ƿǳ顣
ԣŷҲûǿ󣬼˵ɡ
ҲܹµЩԼֵˣ붼ʲôǸǿߡ
Ȼֻһǿġ
Ĵ֮£ǽһذ
һȺµڣʵǿ󣬶ȺǧֻͷǸڣʵ涼˿
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һ¶ɫҪ֪ڵʼ棬֮ϵôɣȴû뵽ֻ˵һ仰Ȼͱˡ
ЩֵĽڣвǽǿߣҷǳǿ
Сģ⡣ɫأ
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濴һۣȻ¶𾪵ɫ
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ЩڣЩڰһģ۾֮кƵȻͬЩڰһǱƵġ
·ϣŷҲΪŷǽһЩ
ЩȻڳ˯Ǳܵȴ˺ܶ顣
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ʴǵǣҪ׿ǣЩˡ
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̫ˡŭǻУȴ֤˺һҵĽ֣г˷ŭ
ŷ֣ɱЩڡ
Ȼо˼ѹЩںǿģڽǿߣивٽǿߣʮңȻ̫ǿ󣬲ܺЩһҲԲһķǳˡ
Ҳ֣ɱЩڡ
棬ǻһɨһƬʼ棬չ˶Ծ
Ⱥʼ棬ﲫɱʵ൱ʴĽʼ棬Ҳָ۷״̬ұӷ
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ˣѽѡɫѹȴܼᶨ
ںգӴȵ˼㣬˲ɱѪ䣬֮ϣΪһѪӣᴩŽδ
ڣסŷΪǿĽǿߣܿͱɱĲˡ
գнڶɱʬڴ֮һ㣬еĽȫɱһʣ¡
ڣֻʣ֮ϵսǹŷ磬ǣûв֣ԼսҪԼѣѡ
Ӵײս˿ռϷ磬ѹס˽ʼ档
ʼɿܣս׿˼㣬ս棬Ҫ˺ܶˣȻûԲĶ֡
֮սʮʮҹˣȴԽսԽ£󽫵ķɡ
ʼձɱӴڵϣǾѪѾˣһսпľˣĺһǿߡ
棬Ҳҡҡ׹ȻûҲˣˡ
ŷ߹ȥһ棬ֱΪˡ
ֻҪŷеֶνȻصƣڹŷ˵ʲô׽
ܿ죬ָˣ֮дı
һңԶڵѣˣǱɱģб˼㡣
ڰŷ̾Ϣһ
û˵Σ̧ͷŭһҪɱ㡣
г˺⣬Ȼĺ⣬Ѿﵽһµĵز
ʵϣҴǿߣûһǲģҰĵĻҲ䵽زˣɱˡ
ŷǶû˵ֻ棬ֱܹܵ
ߡ
ΪһĹȻͷǰߡ
Ȼڵ飬̼棬ڲǹŷҪѹʶˣҲһ뷨
ڹŷ˵һ£õˣˣ϶ٷ֮һٵǡ
ǼǰУһƬء
ط¶ɫ
Сһ£ʵ쳣ǿ󣬶ңԲĻ϶ɱǡɫء
ֱɱŷʹ˵
΢΢һ㶣ʶԼһģ˵ʵԶԶԽĹŷ磬˵ǣҲѵõǿߡ
һһĴڣҪǿĶ࣬ǧҪˡѵ
ˣѡʵϣԽߣЩؿǿԽǿ󣬲׶Ը


2511 
ŷͷġ
ͷųԼѰ
ʱ·һµ
ŷɫ䣬˫ֽӡȵ򡣡
ĻһʧһͷȻأſѪڣҧ˹

ŷһһȭȥ
䡣
ӴֱӱŷɳȥԷҲǿȻûܵһ˺
ʵǰͷȴĲ˼飬һǳҪĶࡣ
۾Ѫ죬Źŷǣŷɱ⡣
棬ôĵӣȻˣҪвŭһ˫Ѫɫӣżˣž˵ɱ⡣
޵꼸еĽǿߣҵѣһս֮еģòɱ˵
ȻڵӰܴȻһһĴڣȻôֱӡ
ǣǵңҪɱǴ治Ȼ˵
Ļа˵ȻǵһˣǻĹǺ
ƨǳ⡣
ƨ㡣
ǰԲҺ˵һҪĴڣԣȻһԸ
˵棬ɱһ飬ȻһŮӣ磬Ѫ졣
ȭһչ˹
ʩչҪµĶࡣ
ŷֱӭȥûʲôϻȭգɱȥ
ǿҲûеסŷһȭһȭԶֶֻըˡ
ˡŷЦʲôһĴڣͲĶ֡
ŷٳ֣һ縡֣һµɱ󣬱
ٴο⣬ȻɳȥӶըˡ
һ˫ӣȻĶŹŷ磬ʵȻҲˣ̫ǿˡ
ôǿߣȻ˵
òܵ黹ءŷ絭˵һǰ
ۡ
״顣
ԪɳȥЩѪʣҪָԼ
ǹŷȴᣬһֻŲЩѪԪȫˡ
ɱʧ
һĻĿɿڴһĴڰǿ󣬾Ȼɱˣ˼򵥡
ͻȻã֮ǰ̫Σˣλڣܵʲô谭϶Դͨأ
Ҳû뵽ֹ֮ܳŷһǿĲ˼顣
ٴ̤һ޺֮죬һͷ޴
Ծŷ磬߹ŷ磬һǿߣǸʱ֮ûм֡
ֻǿӣǱʴˣȫΪĿܡ
ĲǼġ
ŷ˵ֱӳ˹ȥҪɱͷ
ʱĵ
׻ȸһ֣˵˼㡣
巽ǾȻһؿ֮С溧Ȼ˵
˵ȸս
ҲˣȻ֪ЩߵĶ֣ǻǳ˳ȥֻҪܹסŷ絲סһᣬǾͲˡ
ɱ
ŷҲƱȽΣһֱӱֱչǿ
ȭգɨһУͨںһ𣬾ɱ
һսȻǹŷ磬ҪɱһߣҲǺףֶʩչղնɱ˲
ǿŷ磬һս֮Ҳˣڶʱ֮ڻɱĴۡ
һ̣ȸ
渺ˣȻ֧ţŷʱ¶һĨϲɫ
䡣
ŷ߶ȭԾ¡
ر飬ȸ䱬
𡣡
һ̣ŷʩչһֶϻֱ꣬ӱȸԪ
ɱһߣȸգգ͹ŷս
͹ŷ֣ɱͷȸ
һδαɱָֻ
ȸԡǿ
ֻء
ŷ籬ݻֻأȸС
ȸȫڣֻյˡ
գȸҽһ
ʱǣȫŲסˡ
һΣһ㱻ɱ
ŷϽȥһһ壬סǿߡ
սǿǶҪ˿վĲ̫ˡ
һսܼңǿŷ磬ܵ˴ˣһǲһ㱻ɢ
վסˣҿʼɱߡ
Ѫ׹䣬նɱԪҷ
һ̣׻⣬촷ۡ
󣬹ŷɱѪ


2512 
巽ȫŷɱ
һĻ濴𺳲ѣѾŷʵλһܸߵĵزڷֻǵ͹˹ŷ硣
ʵѾԽһߣﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
ǣҲ˹ŷļޣźܴĲ࣬˵ͻ˾֮
ҲµĲĻһؿӦǰ󡣡˼
󣬴˵еĳٿȫ飬֮ͨ飬ͨ¹״òǴ˵е֮ޡ
Ȼİ󣬺ʹ˵еδһܹĹؿԲ򵥡
˵ʦңǹϵǿİЩǿ֮УʵԵĵһɫء
ɲһǿߣµһǿߣرֲ
ŷȻԼκε֣ǴʱҲ̲סɫء
ģҿնɱŷ˵
ԼţԼʵ
˹ŷһۣ·
ǽһؿһͷ򣬵ȴȻͬͷ˫ǣʣһ˫ǣŹŷǣûչ
ŷǶһۣԷе⡣
ͷһؿȻûбƺʴ̫ˡ
뵽ʦǵҲˣϾ飬ԴԼʦҲ̫ںİɡ
ˡ󿪿ڣͬһϵˡ
ʦ
湧ߵݣһ㲻𾴶ûС
Ȼ̵ɱˡ
ǣʦӵдµˣҪЩǿߵʱ򣬰֡
ֻǣ󶼲Ƕ֡
󼸺ƴˣȻû赲סķ
֪ǵ⣬ʵҲǺһ뷨󵭵˵
Ϊʲô̲סһ䡣
һЦ˵ЩǿߣԼľ磬ַʵģԣҺΡ
˻һ¶ŵɫŵĶŰеĴʦȻǵǸҾס
һۣ֮еθӵŨ̾Ϣһ˵ҵ˼ˣһЩǿߣջۣͻǸ磬ǣȴȲˣԲŻһҰѾҵĵˡ
Уĺڡ
ûԼĵӣŵĽ
ˣĲҰҲᷢ
ʦԭ㣬ҵļˡŭһǷһ
ŷһѽ˻۾Ѫ죬ŷһ
һɱʧ
Ȼ˵ϣشޡ
ҺްҵˣҵѣϤˣǸҲزȥˡʹൽ˼㣬ɢһɼȱ˵
ŷ̾Ϣ˵ʲôȻûо飬ǿʹ࣬£ֻʣԼһˣĹʾɣȫʧˣʱĳ֮ȥһ̵ֲ飬޷ܡ
ǷôϣŷԼȥԣ٣Լ
Ҫɱ̧ͷĳޡ
ҲҪɱ󵭵˵˵Ļ
Ȼû뵽Ȼ뷨ѵһ㶼άԼǸѧҲΪĵӡ
ÿʦԼĵһġ
رǰǿߣѾվ˾ˡ
ĳ֣֮ĵһˡ
ǣڡ˵
ŷüͷһ壬ŰҪŪʲô˼
һŷ粻òɰƭԼˡ
Ϊƭǣ΢΢һЦ
ŷͷûԼ뷨
԰أǲŷҲأȻԶŵĲҰְܹ󣬵վзǸˡ
ûǸҲôˡ
ûбҪƭǣҲ˵ҵʵˣҪǳ֣ǿԵס𣿡ŵ˵
һ˫ӣڹŷϣֻйŷϸһѹЩɵ
ԼʵǺŵġ
ɫ֮ЩΪһǿߣԼİ
ǲĶ֣ŷе㲻⡣
ȻϻۣǴʱҲ֪ŷʲô˼Ǻܴ󷽵ĵͷ϶һ㡣
һ̣һȭͷڰǰŴֱӽ˳ȥ
ûеȵӦŷѾ˹ͣĳ֣ŹԼʵж߰һˡ
ĿɿڴԼ۾ΪԼˡ


2513 
ҽУһߣ͹ŷս
·磬ȻʵĲҲУŷѹƣȭߡ
ðңϱһƬѪһʥ޵ӣҵ˼㡣
һĻǶ̲ס죬Ҳ̫һ㡣
ŷ֮Уһ˿ηа뵽ǧҪǹŷ磬ȻĻԼҪһٱᣬҲʵе̫ˡ
գǱ˹ŷĹ
Ҳҵ˼㣬ף·ȳģһȲһ㱻ˡ
㻹Ҵ򲻹𣿡ŷ絭ʵ
һһ֤ķʽеܲˡ
ŷͶȥһӵȻתָ״̬
ƶ˵ͲʲôŷֻҪҪɱ
ʱ򣬰Ҳ֪ԼС˹ŷǣǰˣʵ
ûƭˡŷٺһЦ
һǹģҽһ١
ߡһûиŷɫ
ŷȭͷʱһĶŹŷ磬¹ŷٳ֣ݺݵĽһ١
ɲЩǰˣϾʦ֮µĵһǿߡ
ˣҪˣ˵£Ҫɱʱ򣬱ȵһ̡˵
Ϊʲôŷʵ
ܼ򵥣Ϊһ̣ʱǸʱǲпɱȻĻ֮û˿ɱѹҲǵʵ޷ȥͻᱻɱ󵭵˵
ô֪ŷѯʡ
¶ɻɫŰҪ֪˵α
ΪҪȥǾһһ㱻ɱҡͷ˵
ŷüͷһ壬ղȻ󣬵Ҳʵǳǿ󣬱ԼҲˣֻ棬ʧȥȻűԼѹơҪһսŷҪѹư󣬲еôס
һ㱻ɱֲ˵޷ȥء
֪ʶѣһѣѣǧǧ綼Ҫѡŷ˵
ҲһǱеҪǴʱȴᶨ
ϾʶǸյĻ׵壬ٵǴ硣
֪ͷ
ŷǶѾ쵽飬Ϊʦô֪ܲ
ԣǱֹѣɱŷ
ŷĻȴҡҡͷûбҪ
ΪʲôŷЩ
ҪѣҪʱ䣬ҵֶΣʮ֮ڣѲ˵ûбҪ󵭵һЦ
ŷһ£һ£Ƕ೤Ҫʮ꣬ڱ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôǶڹŷ˵ҲܹתǬˡ
Ҫȥŷоһ
֪ŷ粻̫ԼԲҪȥ
棬ֻ˱˵˭Ҳš
¹ǧǧİΣǾ׵ŵĻŷãԼ̫ˡ
Ҵȥֱ˵
ŷǶһۣҲİֹֻҪʲô춯֣Կɱ
Խһһ磬һ
ǰɫˮ죬һɢϵϢ
ŷӣܵ޴ѹǹŷ磬أǾһµǿߣʵ֮ϡ
Էչȫܣ֮ѹ
ǿ󡣡һ
һָоҪɱңһо㹻ˡħͷ̾
ͷͻ֮ǰܡ
ڵӡˣʵͻ֮İٷ֮һǾܹӽҲĨɱʶ᳹׽ѣǻӽ󵭵˵
ûзʲôüͷ˸ȴʲôûп
Ҳûпͷ
ħͷٺһЦ˵ûʲôȥһ¾֪ˡ
˵꣬ħͷҪȥ
ŷһסħͷק˻
ħͷЩȣ̲סʵôˣ
ȥ⡣ŷҡͷǰȥ
ħͷɻûиоʲôҪ֪ʵǺ͹ŷ֮в࣬վǽǿߣҲеٮٮߣŷܹ⣬ҲӦܹһŶԡ
ŷû˵ֱӻһ˹ȥ
һַ̣Ľ֯һ𣬽ŷǸУ޾£ҪɱŷǸ
ŷķͱ弸ûκӵźͱһս
ǴʱЩ֮Уȴܵشħͷ亹ղҪǹŷ絲סѾһˡ


2514 ʮ
ŷķͷųµճ˳
Ҳܵشһ㱻ٵ
ŷɫأҺʶʵȻȥ̫ˡ
˵ȥһߵİ˵
ŷû˵ֻǶ޾ա
Σķٴж
һΣսеʱȴûܵκƽȥ
Խ֮ǰλ֮ǿɱٴαŷѹ
ŷ֣סɱȻ
һǧ£ҿԴԽһƬɱ󡣡ŷüͷ˵
𺳣ŷڿһһƬɱоأ֪ķ˶پǶûгɹǹŷȴ˵һǧ£ɴԽһƬɱҲ̫̬ˡ
ʱ̫ˣҺܲˬŷ̾Ϣ
һǧʱ㳤𣿵ָȥˡ
ܹоŷ£ȣȷʵǶ̵ס
ŷݣָ˸ݡ
󣬹ŷ˵Ĺ⣬Һ֮ʶҡҡͷ
򲻹ˣǽˣҲٲʶ
ʵѾˣǴﵽǸΣпԷҲҪ£ȥĥԷ
ȻĻҲֻǽӡܲˡ
ǲɱɱ
ôʮ֮ŷ綢Ű
󵭵һЦҲŷ磬˵аʮɱ𣿡
ŷû˵ֻǴһӡǣûʶ֮С
ľĹ̡
һһһ𺳡
Ḷ́Ҫǿƣһǿߵ֮·ֻǹŷڵ̫ˣȻĻһĴڣǿƵľˡ
ңӹŷ֮У󿴵ϣʮʱ䣬Ҳܹͻƣﵽľ硣
뵽һ𣬳״ӹŷľ֮˹
㡣ŷ˵Ȼ˿ʼˡ
ùŷһʱװ뷨
֮;ʮꡣ󵭵˵ƽһ㶼ԼҪˡ
αءŷҡͷ
Ҫ֣Ȼվûг֡
΢΢һЦ˵ԼɵѣԼͲҪˡ֮͸ųǵı
Ϊһʱˣߵǿߣȫɱһʲôӵıˡ
ңǵΪԭһҲΪ˱ɱӴ֮䰲
ɱҲ꣬⣬δػģһָоһ֮սҲĿģֻǲҪ˴ﵽǸΣԣһսйϵŹŷ硣
ʥޣͨȻδﵽǸ߶ȡ
ȴóݣЩݣõδһЩġ
һսĽ͸ղŽӴŷӡǣŸҿ϶һս͹ŷӦѲ˹ϵ
Ӧǲսߣػ
ŷһȥδйһս
ǸʱʵǿĺԶԲһ㱻նɱ
ڿǸʱ뷨ʵ̫ˣҪ̽鵽ռܣҪڵʵС
ȻǽӴǸεǿߣҲбնɱĿܡ
ʱ򣬰󳹵׻ɱڷӡ֮ϡ
ʱҺ֮Уͷų˵Ĺ⣬ƽ
ʮ£ǰԼġ
ʦ溰һЩˡ
Ǹʱ֮Уصĳߣȴˡ
߰ɡŷת׼뿪
ҲЩ꣬һǿߣǸʱųֻ΢һ㣬ˣ̫ڲˣգȴ䵽һ³ЩȻ
иΪǵʶҪʮ֮Ǿ̫ˡʱһٵģ¾ǡ
ģʮʱ䣬ˡŷ翴һۡ
ŷĻеһǶڹŷ磬һֺäĿΡ˵е㲻˼顣
ҲΪŷı֣ʵ̫ˡ
ǻعɡŷ翪ڡ
ҲŹŷ磬Ȼ˵ˣŷʮԺĹؼȻҪŹŷ磬նɱΪԼѱ
ֻиŹŷܹкס
һ·ͳͨ˲١
Ȼص֮󣬿ŷǻս̲ס˳
ǵ٣ع飬ȫеĵġ
塣ڳ˹ס˹ŷĸ첲
͹ŷദ֪֮ʲô¶ڹŷ뿪£ں˼ŷ硣


2515 
ŷ΢ЦڵСԴһ۰ӡ
μ
濴һۣһȭЦ˵Сӣ㻹ͦİ
ĶʱЩŭŭ棬¶ɫ
ʲôٿҾǼһЦ
սʱվָ棬ŭǺˣȻҿڳԣֺһս
ǿս죬ڽǿ֮ҲһСˡ
ȣԲС
濴һۣЦ˵Ұѵһ
û˵ͳ˳ȥֱһƳ˹ȥ
սɫ΢䣬һסһ
ԼҲͣĺˣ֮г˺Ȼ
ʱսףǰ˵ʵԼҵ
֪ʵȻǿ治Ķ֡
浭һЦٴչ˹ǰս񱻴ıף˼ֱҪˡ
Ǳݺȴ޷ѹơ
һɵӣսҲ岻ѹơ
սͣıУѾЩˡ
ˣҪ۸˼ҡŷ翴ȥˣ̲ס˵
֪ʵֻҪͷһԼıսվԾͱˡ
ðɡ΢΢һЦˡ
ʱս񣬺ȻѾһͷһƣ棬ȴ˵Щʲôˡ
ԷʵȷʵǿȫǶ֡
սһָоԷûʩչȫȻĻһжסǸǿߡ
ˣѾˣҵȸˡŷ֣׼뿪
ǵͷĿ͹ŷ뿪
սһ¹ŷʱвλá
֮УϣЩܹϣôλı֤
֪ǵ뷨һһЦ˵еˣ۵ʵǿ˲֪٣Ҫռ磬ֻҪ־ˣδܹסһˡ
Ļ˶Ȼŷ羹Ȼǿ
֮ٵЩɱ󣬽˳ȥ
񲻽⣬Ҫ֪ɱԽģΪľԼǣ½
ڣȴɱȻܶҪ½磬ȴûһ˸Ҷ
Ҫʲô˼
ǸȥȥɣϣܹԼʵ˵
Ϊʲôս̲סʵ
֮УʵߵˣĻĲ⡣
ʮ֮һ֮ս޷ʤǾȫҪ͡
˻һ˶סˣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˵һϢ
ǾȻȫôܣҪ֪ǶǽǿߣƲҪɱǣеô򵥡
ҾǴ򲻹߻ǿԵġ
սԶԶеҪпĶ࣬˵ȣңйֻۣҪսܣɡ˵
ս¶ȻɫȻ֮սȻ֪Ĵǧ磬жǿߣǺȻŷЩǧ֮Ϊǿĸ֣ŷһսܣпս޵еҲҪ䣬ΪʲôҪŬˡ
ʵ㣬ǿ¶Ҫ
ҵ֪ˡսɫء
ŷǣֱ뿪硣
ǽǸ֮Уǰ·ŷɨƽˡȴĵ·ϣ¶ȵɫ
ġͻȻ
ŷһ档
Ͻͣ࣬죬δȫҺȻҺ֮УȴҺ룬ȻĻ̫ǿˣѷӡ
ԭŷ̲סʵһٵ࣬ǵ᲻ʧȥܴ󲿷
ԡ۾һ
Ȼ취С
ŷ֣Ҫ졣
ȫ˹ȥ
ǿӿһ˵Ĺ𣬵ס˹ŷĹ
ôǿŷ̲סȡ
һɻٵλˣǣȴ޷˵С
ȭ
ŷٴγ֣ȭ޵УɨһУԻٵһС
һ̣ըԲʮﱻٵ
Ǻܿ죬ӿֱ޸ˡ
ŷʱףﲢô׾ܹٵġ
ʵǲĻʮʱ䣬ҲٲԷһࡣ
ˣǻȥɡŷ絭˵
ˣ׼ص֮С
濴˹ŷһۣ֪ŷˣʵҲĿɿڴû뵽ŷ֣Ȼ˲ࡣ


2516 
··Ҫˣʮʱ䣬ǱصŷڵĴſڡ
ЩҺ֮УҲһŷʵ˲١
۳Ǻסеˡ
ڵ۳ǵǰһЩǿߵء
ǵʵǿ㹻ʮˣõ۳Ƕ𶯣Ҫٵˡ
Щ˭ҲԸƴ۳ǿ϶俪ˡ
ͶɣǿҪ٣ǴʱͶʱȻͿ̿˶Ҫɱһǿߴ󺰵
ʵǿ󣬼ȵˡ
۳ǵסȥ·Ϲŷ粼µɱ󣬾ʵǿҪͻƽȥҲҪĴۡ
ŷ۳֮ǰʮǿһ
û뵽Ȼܹ
ʲôˣûǵ顣Ǹ쿪ڣĿȻɱ졣
ţӵǿʵڽǿ֮жٮٮߣܹ֡ϵƣͲŷǷС
ŷɫ֮вһ顣
ǵ۳ǵˣŹŷ磬¶ϲɫ
оѹ֮еЩˣǺԸ֣Һ̸Ҫƿ۳ǡ
ȻԸ⣬ȴԵסʮǿߡ
οЩ˵ͷ죬ǿʵֲҪǿгȥĻǾԺѵס
ڣŷһع飬Ǿηˡ
ڹŷʵЩ˶һֺĸоǾ޵С
ҹ㻹ûǸʸʲô磬߹ѣһֻѹǡŷĮ˵
վһߣ¶ֻɫ
зǳףЩ˸ͲǹŷĶ֣ҪֵĻЩ˱ɡ
Ⱥǿߵʱŭˣʲôˣǿ֮еٮٮߣȻҲܹоŷʵǿ󣬵Ҳ޷ܡ
ԼʵԿȡʤ
ԣǸˣŽڱ޸֣Һڷڡ
˸һӹȥ
䡣
ŷ֣ӲŽڱޡ֮䣬죬ߴ
ǿߵʬӺˮ֮гǳ֡
ŷһ֮нţЩʬȫɳȥ
ɱ
ŷЦһȥ֮䣬һƬãã磬Ǹǿû
һȺǿߵҽУһµѺۡ
ȻĶŹŷ磬ȻǹŷĶ֣͵סĹһȭͲһ塣
۳֮е˶𺳣һָоȥ꣬ŷǿˣ֮ǰǿ˲֪١
ˡŷ絭˵
һȭͷٴϼһ縡֣Ȼһ󣬽ǸǿߵС
һ֣ȻĻǶҪǸǿߵ֪к˶֡
Ҳʮǿͬʱ֣˵򣬺ɱȥ
һĻ۳ϵļ¶ǵɫǲŵ۳ǣҪŷ硣
áŷ֣˵
ײŷǸпѪȻĶŹŷ磬ҪǸղ֣ͬһͿɱ
ȻˣҲܵ˿µش
˵ǲһȺ߹ѡŷ絭˵ףҺ𶯡
һ̣֮˵Ĺ⡣
ŷ֣޵еĵȭȥҺڣһƬˮˡ
ЩǿߺȻʱҪߣѾˣȻĳ˭ҪҪߣ϶
ѾˣԼû¸Ҫ硣
˵֮ûʲôǿߣֱǳ
һǾܲˣͲǶ֡
һĴ磬ֱ̫ˡ
ۡ
׵Ǹ죬ȻˣŽڱ޸ǵǰǰ˻оŽڱޣˣʲôûʣ¡
ŷȭͷܲʮǿȫУһȭ򱬡
⾪˵˼㣬ﻹʲôͬ档
涼ĿɿڴʵֱҪ׷ϵˡ
ǵҲֻǿһЩ
ھ̾
ǿЦݵġһѾݹŷˡ
ⲻʱ򣬹ŷ޵еĴʡ
ңʱ䣬ǳĶݣݵĶǿ˵ֱ೤ʱ䣬һչأͱȹŷʱ䣬Ҫ˲֪ٱ
ٸʮܹ꣬ɳʲôزû֪
ʲôƨ磬ٸȫɱŷЦˣֱӽ֮С
Ƶĵ۳ǣҲµɱ󣬶ڹŷ˵ûκ
ŹŷԶȥıӰ۳ǵϵˣ¶ӵɫ
һǿûл׷Ϲŷˡ


2517 
֮У¶ɫȻѾȥ˲֪£ǣȻϤϢ
ͻȻصĴ
رɫΪıˣ䡣
磬ŷվ档֪ģ̾ϢһȻҲ죬Ȼˡ
Ͼʱ̫飬ŷ绹ġ
ܸⲻ˵˵ģй¡
ܶ˸ܵĶ̲סͶ˹
кȻ֮ʲôʱһ֣ʵ̫ˣܶ˾ãֱ뿪ʱľˡ

һֱشЩ˵뿪
ӡ
һ𣬹γ֣£ȻҲΪǿˡ
ŷһ㶼⣬Լ׵츳˵ŽһҲļˣôʱ֮ڽǿߵ򣬲֡
λǣ棬Щȡ
ܹоϵϢԼĶ֡
⵱ȻǹβҪ汾ͷǳǿǿ߻Ҫǿ󣬹γɵʱ̫ˣǶֲ֡
ǹŷոճΪǿߵʱ򣬶һĶ֡
ʼ棬ġŷ͵
Ľͣܲˬʲôõһʼ棬ǸҲǽһЩĴ󽫣ʵе̫ˡ
ŷһۡ
ֱӲ˵ˣҲ
ͦʵģεͷȻıֺ⡣
үүá
ʱ򣬹ںʵ˹δк
εɴ۾ЩȵŹŷ磬ʵǰɣŶ꣬һӣôûпϱ
Ȼˡ
Թŷǰĸԣ飬һ㶼֡
ˣҺӣҲҼģ塣ŷЦãԼװԼʲôӵˡ
ĳθͲţԥһ£˵ӣүү
ʵ߹ȥǹŷĸףҲˡ
ι۲һ£ŹŷĻ
Ȼʲô壬ȴܹо֮ûйżҵѪ϶ǹŷĺӡ
ˣȻˣǾͻؼҰɣǸʲô棬ҪǺģŵͨô졣εһۣ˵
ɵۣйǺˣĺòá
ŷɫȻΣƣһֺܱĸо
ôһеˡ
֮УһЩȥָһǵŷ˵
ģ̫ˡ澪ϲ˵
û뵽֮оȻԼá
ǻص֮У˲͸ӦԼһЩ
ȻڵѪ֮ЩϡˣǾ
ܼŹŷһص˾ݡ
һܹɫ
ΪоҺʶѹˣҲʧˡ
ͻȻ
ŻһĲš
ŷüͷֱ˵ҵţʲôϴˡ
ǹΨһŮ찡ȻûֻʵôôͣһĲţҼΪǹ
ŷʱףп϶ʲôԭ
⻪һ׳֣ϴһĨЦݣŹŷ磬˵ϲɹ
¡涢ףֺһƺ
ԯҲ˹ĻǶ¶ֵɫһôҺˡ
ǲǸˣŷüͷ
Ȼ˵ȴףԣǺܴ
Ͼһ˿Ը˵ĻȻܸ
ѵʲôʲô¡
Ȼλǻƹ֮˷ֻլʺȻȴʹãԴ֮ˣŻֱ֮˵һӣ˾ã˵ľġ
أ˵ֻһŮôһ£ŷ翴һۡ
Ҳüͷ棬ȻһֺܹŹֵĸоʶңԶδ֪Ѿ֪˴˵Ĵˡ
׵²ãͽܣΨһĵӣ׵£ǱΪп׷ˡֱԵ
¶̾ɫ£׵ֹȴɱˣ˶ΪѾˣû뵽ǾȻţûɥĲײϵĵزء
˵ʲôȫҡͷͲ滰˼


2518 ǰʶ
ŷ翪ڣĴڡ
֪νҺʶȻʶǸȻô
ɫ𾪣ҲһЩš
ǵļ䣬͹ŷ˵Ĳһȫһûйŷ˵Щ
ҲҺʵҪӰ쵽ǵʶ벻ʲôѵ顣
û뵽ҺȻҪһߵ͡θ̾˵
治мĿ˹һۣЦ˵ʵһͿɱ㡣
ȻȻҲ˵ĲǣǸǿߡ
һ£һֻѹҲǰʮ㣬Ц
治˵ˣǰЩˣ
Կóʱ䣬ĺܶݣȻǣſƼæҲûٶȡ
а˵Ļ޷
ˣҪ˵ôˣ˵һǹһͽܣʲôƾ֤𣿡ŷʵ
ǲ̫Żݣףôˣ͹ŷûйϵ
ŷ罫˵˵һ飬ʱ̲סЦ˳
Һ֮ϵûôУҪգܣⲻֶζѣǵڣһʾΪԼķʵϸͲǣҼʶȻǿ󣬵ǾԲԡܿ϶˵
ʶΪ˽ˡ˵Ȼаա
ŷĿ΢΢˵ͷϿǵݡ
ϧˣָܹʶĻҪǵʵǷǳǿ̾Ϣ
λָǰΪͼ䣿ͻȻʵ
ҲڵҪָ
濴һۣ˵϶УһЩգ˵ʶع飬Ҳǽˣᱻȡ֮õĿܣҲںϣˡ
Ļ˱ɫ
ԼˣǿʵΣ
ˣûָˣԶԸŷҡͷֱӷִ㡣
Ǿ仰ܣǻȴԲðա
Ҫֱָ˵
ŷ˻һۣһ˵ҵŮˣҪҵġ
Уٻˣ˵ŮˣҪԼ뷨һ˵
ŷ翴˽ٻһۣٻһͷЩ˼˵ˡֻû뵽Ȼ˳
ҪˣαðءĪСҲ߹Żðա
ףǿ϶ûģֲ졣
Ҫ֣Ϲġٻ߹˵
Ҷ߹ȰǸͷȴܼᶨһ˵ллҵĹģҪϹһָоǻָʶһңϹҲҳµĲ𡣡
˵꣬һ˫Źŷ磬Ȼڵȹŷͷ
а취ǲȡ֮𣿡ŷѯ档
ԥһ£ʵҪıʶױʶع顣
ҲףŷȻԸĽͿ϶ĽҪûڵʶȡˣŷ²ָɵ
С
ֱ˵
˵ŷɫÿǲϣðյģȻ֪а취ǻǺܲˬ
ȫ飬ȻҪõǿ϶Ҫðŷա
ܼ򵥣ʶعʱǸо׵µʶҪռǵ壬ǣֱӳֻɢǵʶ̣Ҫں̵ܶʱ֮ɣһʱ̫ˣҲͲˡ߹ŷ緽
ŷüͷݺݵĵһֱۣҪɵ档
ַ˵ŷԼᡣ
ǣǿߣô˵ĨɱǵʶܹĨɱǵʶûͻ֮ǰ޷
ŷеգҲ³⡣
ᵣԼİΣΪԼʵȴߵ˳⡣
һ°ɡ׳
̷йʶعķȻ̵ܿ죬׾Ͷˡ
ۻɫࡣ
ŷ˵ͷͬˡ
ҲҪ׵һƷҪʧˣŷǾԲȥٻǰʶعġ
׵ĶϢڷﵽһµĸ߶ȡ
׵µϢҹȻûв´澪
ŷݺݵĵһۣһֱû¡
Ĺ۲׵ʶһǿʶع飬
۾Ǹʶƿ׵壬û׵ʶ¶һĨˣ̾Ϣһ˲䣬û뵽Ѿôʱˡ
Ȼףǰʶ
ŷԥţԼǲҪ֣Էʶ


2519 նɱ
Ǹܵ˹ŷ뷨׿˹ŷһۣһЦ˵㲻õģҵѾʧˣûлĴ㣬ֻҪһ硣
׺ܵȻǿĺܿ
ŷܹо֮У̺ŵĹ¼ţǿ˵һҸ顣
ΪǵѾʧȥˣĿ׾ɣһֱ
ϣܹҵĻԻֹͣͬ׵˵Ǻڳκһ˵ģǺԼڵڵ׵˵ġ
ҿԺںϡ̾ϢһʵҲ
֮䣬ʲô𣬸ûС
ˣҪʧˣԶٳ֮䣬ңҲʦ𡣡˵֮޾ļƬڵʶ˹ȥֱȥ
۽ˮǿߣٻΪȥԼ
İɣûǰʶˣΪˣҲˡ׿˹ŷһۣɬ˵
ԾԾԣŷ磬Ȼȴŷľ
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Ȼ׵ǰ֮ǹŷȴһɣŻֻҪһ㲻ԣŷ粻Ĩɱʶ
ܹоɱ⣬ʵҺ֮䣬ûκ𡣡˹ŷһۣɫ֮Щˡ
ùŷһһ̲סҪˡ
ûбƻ󣬶ǺѣоһҪ֡
֣ѾûлϵıҪˡȻһЦǹŷҲҪΪãԼͻ֮䣬ûκ
ֻǣʶ˹ŷɱ⣬кףŷǲԼġ
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ŷͷһ뿪
Ҷһٴγأʵ϶ܹͬնˡ
ҲҪչˣΪڻͨõĽ϶һս뿪֮ǰ˺ܴĸı䣬Ȼƽȴһɰ
ΪŷҲһҪΪ
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һԺ󣬹ŷ綯ˣΪǿĴ繥
磬ʮǿߣΪ׵ˣʵǿ󣬾ԿԷˡǳڴ֮⣬̫ǿˡ
֮УȫٴУǿɫأЩһ㣬ҪǿߣҲһĦȭƣһսɱ⣬ѾףһǱռ죬Ǿһǳɱ顣
ҽ磬ɱȡԷһǿߴĿ䡣
ܡڻӦ
ĿȻŵ۳ѹ¡
Ҳػͬŵ۳ѹ䡣
ǶѾǽǿߣʵǿ۳ͬʱжϹŷ粹µɱ󣬾Ȼǿ߱ˡ
ʲô
Ǳɫŭżˡ
֮֮еһλڣĿᡣ
ħ֮жȵɱһǿҲڣǶԷˣǿߡ
׳ա
һмĺŷ֣£ʮǿߣȻһ㵣ǶûС
Сġ۳ѡ
ŷҡͷ˵ģһȺ߹ѣ˲ҡ
ħ˵
һɱ⣬ͬǽǿߣȴԼŷˡ
ǣνҴ磬ΪǺ𣿽ͽȫնɱŷ絭˵
ûͷųκϢȴħľǶһۣʱף˵ʵԲǡ
ǲģΪռݾԵơ
ɱ
ħȿڣǳ˹
սʮǿߣΧŷһˡ
ǣһսȴûκŷٻ罣һһˣնɱЩǿߡ
û˭ģȫŷնɱ
ȻħǿߣҲֻһ
ԷȫŵĻɢŵĶŹŷ磬֮УȻǿˡ


2520 
ʮնʮˣ۳֮ϣɫӣŷ֮䣬ѾȫûκαȵıҪˣԽǣԶԶԽ
غõ۳ǡŷ˵Ȼת뿪
ǿ߱ɱʱҺܶǿĴ磬ȫ˳
µģǻٵħǸǿߣǵʵȻȫӽǸ磬µľˡ
һıԴֱӺɹĿֱָ硣
Ѿǿ֮İ꣬Щ׿ǿ˼㡣ֻһλǿ֣߳۳Ǳһˡ
ˣɫѿ

ǲҪֻҪɱˡ
ǵĽ֡һ𣬹ŷ֣ŭ졣
ǿߣѾ̽·ˣֻû뵽ǾȻô͹ˡǿ˵ʮ£ǵָ
ǿЦɫ࣬һǿ֣߳һͷȴ࣬ĿȻŹŷ硣
Ǹǿȵ
ŷˣǽĺܿ죬Ǹǿʮ֮ڱŷɱȻЩͬ飬ûüԮ
ܡ
硣
ʣµǿߴ۾Ѫˣû뵽Լ˲֪µֵܣȻɱˣԮĻᶼûС
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սŷһ˼սǿߣҲ㲻ϼսΪŷһˣܿ㽫ǻɱ
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ڴ֮Уսľ̲סԾŵ˵Ѿˡ
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ŷʵ״ﵽʲô磬Ҳֻײʸ²⡣
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뵽̲ס¶ɫ
ɱǿߣŷֱһƷǵ¡
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ħָľǿߣڴ֮Уǽ塣
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ǲ²⣬Ҳǰ
ˣȻĻҪɱħĻǲܵ顣
ҪħҪµĶࡣ
ܿǾ˳һǿߣûбЩˣʼףħɱ
Ȼʱʮ£ڱƽ
ŷɫأһ۳棬Ѿȥһꡣ
Ҫˡŷ翪˵
ڹŷߣɫӡ
ս⣬ȴϧҡҡͷĶ֣ʮ£ҲŬϣﵽŷ磬ȴֻﵽ˿Էĳ̶ȡ
β⣬ȴ֪濴ֱڿһһˡ
ػô磬Ļ磬Գɱŷ翴һۡ
û⡣׶ڣʵϣݴ֮нǿߣڹŷ
ʮ£Ľǿֵ̫߳ˣһٶвٶǾѪйŷļãʵǽһֲĵزڵĹΡ
ǣҲǽ˽ǿߵ򣬳ΪԺµǿߡ
䡣
죬Һ˵Ĺ
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ɫĺˮ˻ȥۼһĵطȻγһ޴壬µϱǧ綼ڲ
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ǿһۣɢˡ
͡һ£նϹŽδ
ˣŷһսȴû뵽Ȼ˿ֲ

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һ̣һɱ󸲸ϣһͷڵӣŷҲս
ɱЧֻǴһɱˡ
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̫ǿˣ޵С
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Һɺԣһǿߵʬ嶯ǧ硣
ǧҪΪǧף޵С˵޾ʬ壬ΪĿܣ޾Ҳ֪жǿҺ֮С
ʲôɫ䡣
־ʱһȭͷݺݵĴϡ
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ŷǵ˵ͷȻ˵ȥػЩ磬һɱ
𣿡š
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˵УǾСŷ˻Լȭͷ
ðϣҪ𡣡޸Լϵ˺ݺݵĶŹŷ硣
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򱬣Ԫùŷɱһ㶼⣬ŷֱ֣ӻɱпܡ
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ŷЦ飬ҪɱңְɣҵҪûǸʵ
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һµɱʵκһǿȴˣǹŷƿһ壬Իᱻڶʱ֮ڻɱ
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ǧǧȫڹһսǶĻ֪ǲʲôöʿϣŷɱ顣
ս꣬Ǽ侪˵ģ鶼¶壬һӣûκ˷ˡ
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жˡǶһۡ
ǡ
ǿ߶һۣžɫȼԼ顣

龪ŭǵʵѾ䵽͵㡣
ȼԼһ˲伫ӽǵʵǵĹѾԳܵˡ
䡣
˵ĲȫشģҪվסˡ
ڴڵѪǵĿܵµش
ǵճʧ
ܶ˳Ĭڼ˵ı׳оЩܡ
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ʱսַ˾ת
ŭκѾܵش͵סŷ硣
һı䱬׻ɱ
Һ֮УѾûкˮֻйŷһվ
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ǲͬһʵǵħɽһ˵˼㡣
ڿԹƽˡŷתһЦȻ˵£ݺݵˤˣ֮ûһ
ǳסŷ磬˾ݴ硣
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вأȫҶвŮ˶ݺݵĵһۣԽ뿪
Լ°ͣŷƣⳡЩϤ
ϹؼҳԷˡʱһȺŮ֣Źŷ뿪
ˣվǹǰˣӣòҲŷӵұһ־Цݡ
㻷ƣŽء
ȫ꣩
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