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1 Сū
ʮ꣬ҿǵһУǼѧѡ
ҵ飬ͳһˡһһַ
ҵ˵㰴յַȥһնɽˣ㸺ѧѺѡ
٣һ·ɽﵽģյַ˹ȥ
һٽߵĴնɽڼңŮ¶Ӵҡ
¶ŻӶȹ־ķáҸߣ޳ȣЩԳ
ұңҵȻʶôǮ˼ңһŮûϵҵجβŸոտʼ
Ժ˯¶ָűһ䣬һ
ҲӶˣÿ㸺ɨ޼ԺĻݡ
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վŶҶ±¶ˣҳƳһۡ¶һĨѩ׺ͷӯҸղȥķۺɫ·ţҵļӿ

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Сܹԣס¶ЦտСź촽չȥ
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ʲôûͷû𣿡¶һСܷɳƬȻɳϣһӻ֣Ůټū͡
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ұžſڵʱ򣬿¶ҪܳͷƳһۣüӣʹȥѧ
ǰ𣿡ֲ·ȻͰ͵ģҵָѽ
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ӣ񾭲֨һͣˣ¶ָָĹվƣСЦҡһ̶ľͿˡ
ϵĻңĿܳԶȥյͷ˿վƣһҪȥѧУΪҪʡǮ
һСʱۿһͻȻи˸еĵסҵȥ·
ɷĳҺӣվ˱𶯣


2 ҵŮʦ
һŵؿǰˡ
Ŵͷͷˆˮмƶţп㣬һ֧̣ӸµĿҡ
㣬Ҫɶʶ˺˼ҷִͷк滹еģһǡëһǡë˵俴Ҳ࣬ɷĶңΧ
ȥһеģǮ𣿡ͷĶ̷һϡ
ǺһڣĻҵصͷҡҡͷ˵ûǮҲѧġ
ͷп˿Ա߻ëͳëһš
ҵײײĲ㵹ˣֱëץס죬ֱҶ˼ȭͷëˤŰһ£ȴûж
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ɽﳤСʱͿʼʮʱѾµˣһеɵĻҵһƿ˳ëûת
һͳһҺϣԵˡ
ȴסˣһѾסҵͷ޵һ̵ϣŭ˵ܰСյģ㣿
һһ߰ҵͷϿģëͳë˹ȭߵġ
ͷҶҵµģȴҧ
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ҵѧѺѣ¶һٲŻġҼˣȥҧ֡
Ҳܣġ۵ðýĲסңҵ·ˡָֻѽˣڵŤӣǸ޼¡
ԵģҧӣڻҵǮǰһһĳƱε˵缸Ÿʵģź찡
ëͳëýңǿǮɢעϲЦ
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ҺܿͱëͳëˤڵˣδĸݣҲιȥˡ
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ҲöˣҾҵǮҾҶԲҵ
ͷſһм֣ģҳоĸУسõĸУȴûǮѧѡ
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ҿôףһֹһҲˣͶſڣͷɥġ
ȺɢȥˣѾ쵽ʱˣ۰Ͱ͵ĿѧУ档
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޴룬ӲͷƤǳȥǴвҿȻ̡ҽˣת
æ㿪ǻǱˡҺ߷ߵ˵Ҫɶ
ûëſȥѷ磬ȤĿң˵ţҽг¶ԺǾһˣ㣬Ͳ۸ˣǮ͵Тˡ
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Ҳҷֻõͷ¶Цһ˻Ȼϣҡڵĺˡ
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ҵĶӶùУûǮȥʳóԷģͷĿ
죬ôˣ緹𣿡ٻ֪ʲôʱģ˵ʱѾߵҸǰˣһ¡


3 ҳ
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Ҹҿ϶ûжݣҷֺöŮ¶Ŀͱ鼵ʻĽһ۹ڶ¶忴޲Լ͸ӣһڿ¶Ⱥɡ
ʱԱߵĻë˵ŶΪĸԸĵūʹÿΪ˲ˮ
ԸңҸϴֻ뿴Цëؿڻëϡ
ȥԵģûϢӣиƨá¶˵ƿ
ÿ컹ϴŰĦأûȥΪ¶ôź𣿡úЦҾǱһҪ
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ҡҡͷ˵ûпûʲôÿġ
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죬졭ʱһе̨еڳԣ˵һͣһ¡
أС˵ȥѽ¶ͷһҡ
Ҳ֪ǹңһŻŵܵϯ̨ϣҴ˵
գգ㣬εؿң̨¶ʱЦһƬ
ڿѧһͳѧУˣȫУʦǧ˶Ц˵У˵ɵ


4 ûǮ
ҾԼǸɵȣҾȵ޵ݣһͷ¶§һЦǰϵģһ¶ƺҶˣüһۡ
վ޴룬޲ҸطȥҪٻȥĲ֪ô졣
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ĸ࣬ôʾǸҰְֻ㱨һ£绰ˡ¶һۡ
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ҿҵܲζҾҶԲҵһѪΪ
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·˺ܶ࣬Ҫ˻ؼȥˡҵ˵Ļٻ峺ڴӣһҧš
ͽһСʱڿ쵽¶ʱֿʡҸĺţҿΧûˣҵȥ˼ںˮоһЩ
ԥҪҪȥ¶ſǻʱſڵһңڵĳﻹŹؿңʱɿ˵ôѽ
ңҸողϰҿԽȥ¶𣿡С̽
ѾʶˣҵȻȥ绰Ȼҽȥ
ҵĶ¥ſڣСڽлҿƵվſڣޱĿҡ
ҸЦ˵㻹û˯أͷȻޱ顣
ҹȥţһ¶Ŵˣ˯ȹϷĤһ۾ͽȥˡ
ôʲô¶˵ŻɳϿӡ
ʲôҪæġͻȻԼ˵仰ܼСܹϲ£ȻͷͷңƺڳЦҡ
¶ƺе⣬˵̫򶫱߳ô
·ϴûУȥϴֺõĿ¶תʹȥϴ䡣
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˵ûʲô·ϲСˤһӡҾѻһҲ¶ȻˣҵԺСĵ㣬
ҵʱΪˣ˵Ҳ֪ʲô˼˵Ķ
ؼҰӣͷԵģҩû¶һۣһ¡
ͻȻǸжҡҡͷ¶ʵҲôġ
ǱߵĳԼȥãôˤ㣿¶Թһ䣬ͻȻŵĶƬЦЦǰһͣ


5 ְ
ҹȥҩϺõϰҩӦúܹģԥҪҪԤһ㣬ҲȷԺ¶᲻ҡ
ڸأ¶ָҡ
ҩȥֹΪҪңŵԿ¶һˣҩƿЦʲôѽ˼ֲ㡣
ԼͿˣҸ㰴ĦҼ¶ҪҲҩܳ
¶ûңĨҩһ˵ӣҰְֽϴ绰ˣô˵ԲסѧУϻס
ҵʱһȣ¶ûмնɽôæıͳ¶ĵסʱҾ룬ΪʲôҵʶնɽǮˡ
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˵ҵȻԸѽһ˯Ǹ¥¶ܱѧУҪǿϲܳ¶ǵ۸
ȻˣҪȻ˯Ķ¶ţԹ治ףҰְΪʲôô㣬ʱʹ绰ǲرĵ⣿
Ҳ˵Ҿ¶ƺرƯǲʲôҶһ㲻һ
ˣȥϢˣҲҪ˯ˡ¶ȥϴ֣СǷȥ
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ҲۣҴ˯˵
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ϳ¶ҴҵʱвңҰ¶ùȥʵܲԸģ֪Ҳã¶һ
һεģе㷢ҵһҸҪͷͿСܡͷؿҡ
ȥȥƬĺǳһû뵽Сһ£֪й
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һæ·ҸϽȥʱҿһĳ¶ķſڣæź¶
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ұԥҲֻøȥˡһص˸¥ڸղûа·ʱóҲ֪ҪôԳ¶ǡ
ԽԽ£¥ֺܶ࣬ͣҧҡҶֺܶһ϶շתߡ
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ҿ˿¥ϣҪҪȥԿҳʰʱȥŷˣֻôͷɥıƾɵߡ
ҵſڵʱԶԶؿ¶ˡֻͽߵѧУȥϰٵ¼¶ýҵѧУʱϰѾˡ
ɵȣҸյſڣͱ¶סˣ˺ڵƵġ
Һܻң˺˼ҪܣëͳëһһҵŤŸ첲͵˳¶ǰ
¶ϣóëȥڣȻһƣôڲ𣿡
Ҳ˵ͷ¶ҵùĶ˳ûпҪģûëѣҲûѵ
¶ʱˣһԾһžͰߵڵϣȭߵģһߴһߺСյģȻҲָӣٸһλᣬ㲻ҾŪ㡣
Կͷʱëٻ
¶æͻëװʲôҲûзλһװ
ٻʱڵϼĶ˿ʵôˣ
ʦû£ղŲСĵˡҾһҲѣ¶Ц
ٻü˿¶ǣȻ߹ҼһƳ۾Ϳѩװ򣬹Ĺĵģۺɫ·Ҳüæͷȥ
ҿ¶ڱٻĺ濴ĵָֻŵġҹ߹ȥסǵߣ˵ʦԼ
ٻ΢΢һЦվѶңȻ˵죬һ°칫ҡ
ҿٻ׼ȥ¶һۣ֪вҲҪٻ
ôѽղǲѣ¶۸˶Բԣٻڰ칫ǰܹĵҡ
Ƴһۣƺûκη΢΢ķֿԼܹȹµĹ⾰æͷȥЩĻŵ˵ûУʲôûҵˡ
ٻ̾Ϣһϵˣ˿ϵЬӡ˵ʦҲǶеģֲûмҳ¶ʲôѧҲء
Ҹˮĸһζƺһжνˣҡҡͷ˵û£ġ
û£´أٻңĳ˵ʦÿζֵôɣЩ黹ҪԼ
ҿٻеΣᶨصͷ֪ʲô˼˵ʦˣһؽˡ
ȻϰΪʲôûô᣿ٻҡ
֧֧ģͲѵȥݼˣԺޡ
ޣ߶֤𣿡ٻ˵
˵ûСٻ˵߶֤ҪǩѧУտѧܹɳһ㣬Ժû߶֤ͳȥ
֪ˡ˵
ٻͷ˵ˣϾ;ѵˣӰˣԺ۸㣬ҡ
˵ллû˵ڡ֪ҲܿٻңܱһʱȴǿңͻȻûãҪһŮ


6 ͵
һؽҵʱ򣬳¶Ǽ˶һģ׼ҺϿˡڿζû˼֪һ¿ǿ϶Ҫ۸ˡ
Ȼ¿κʦճȥ¶͹ˡҵԿǣָָЩԥòùȥëһţҹԹԵظˡ
ʲôҿָͷ
¶һϣĶʵȥٻ״ˣ
ûУûСæش
ȷûƭӣ¶ζĿҡ
˵Ҳƭ㡣
¶㷢ģƭӣȫҶӾﱻ顣
Ҷʱˣ˵ƾʲô
ԲۣСյĻҶ죿¶˵ųëʹ˸ɫʾȥڡ¶һѾסңͷǺüƣŭӾˣЬ֣ô
԰¶Ьҵʱͻˣȥ͸¶
СȻûмʲô֪ޱ˵ҷƵģų¶ҧ
¶ƺûϵһᷴһʱκβңʱë̹æӺ͵ϮңҰˡ
ҵ˲ȭߵģһԽǷԽ
Сӣһ֣Ū㡣¶һ߲ңһֵġ
һŻΪ֪ǿ϶Ҫĸˡ
һ°
ʱһ۾ӼҴҵĳëһѽסˣ˵ȥûпڰ𣿡
ӿ˿ڵϵңٺһЦ侲Ӷڲ֣˴ˡ
ȥģʲô߰ģٲһ򡣡ë˵ȭͷ
Σ壬۾һƬ⣬Ц侲֮ǰܸܲ˵仰
¶ʱͣˣӺҪ˵ʲô
磬⻰ˣٴҲٰ۾˵
¶£ûëңȻӹ˹ָĵЦţȥڳ¶ֹһ䣬Ȼ󲻻ŲæĿ
ҵʱڵϣ֪Ӻ«ʲôҩǺֵǣ¶ȻЦӵļ˵˵Ŀģ
磬˵ģһԿһޣɷ԰һ˵
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ҵʱǱҼһģѧУ죬ǻû˵ƽʱ￴ӣڿ顣
лл㰡㡣Ҹ߳ȥź׵м˵
СºҳݣʵֻΪܿѣû·ƽεӶ˶֣ѿˣȻҲ֪Ķóһֽȣһ˦û㶣æִˣ
ҾǸֵˣڶקģʲôѽҼ㡣
ʲôƵ˵
ʲôҽ졣ҵʱ룬ôбҵֵֻˡ
ЦЦ۾һ˵֪죬ѧУѾԶˡҲʲôҽĩĵĩβĩֵĺôвѧҪʱһűĩλֲ̬ǿʤ
û˼ĩЩںĩ׸¶˵ʲôó¶ܹôĸˣȻûдǡ̴ĩĻҵʡ
ĩƣʾҹȥȻҶֹһ䡣
һˣҽ˵Ϲ˵ô֪ģ
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ĩôأҽ˵
߼߼ǣʱǲѶΪ֮Ϊ֮ɡĩһ˦ҪȴɳȥˣܳĶȥϵ׸ڶ
һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôãܲζȻһ쵽û˼Σǳ¶ûҹңֺ¡
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ŮٻķţҿдŶʮӵӣٻˡ
ٻеƣӣŽȥˣְŸˡԽĽȴһ̵١
ڵȵϨˣѧУİ֮Уֻмյ·šм޵ʦֵͲΡ
ʱͻȻһӰ¥εģóһֻŵߵٻķſڣ͵͵İŴ濴
ҵʱеţٻķ͸Ż谵ĵƹ⣬ҽǵƹⷢǸǻëҶʱܷŭֲҳȥֹؿýŰѲŸ˼¡
ëŵһӣ߿˿ҵʱܺҾͲˡ
ûë飬һ̵¥ܿˡҸеҡ
ʱĩң¶֮ûдҲûдңΪĩ˳¶һܡĩ˵Ϩ֮ٻͻĵԡĩ˵俴ֻǸ̫ԶˣԺģ
ĩôһ˵ͺܵٻ¶͵ѧУ죬ٻҰٰչˣҲ⼸쵰ռ˱ˣǰš
ҷֻëˣæ¥¿·ƿ¶ͳëˣ˻Ϻ˵˼ʲôͳҷȥˡ
֪ҲӦ뿪ҪȻʦ־ˡҪߣٻĵϨˣð˲٣˯ˡ·ʱʶĳ濴һۣͻȻˡ
Ŵӳյʹߣҿٻ·Ա߷һˮϴˡƺ˿ûϵ˿
˳ҿ⻬ļжȹٻƤܰףңҹɫһƷ


7 ¶ʶ
ٻʼ⿪ˣĳƳһۣͻȻŵľģҾԼǲ̫޳ˣģҾŲ˫ţ۾Ǳסˡ˸뷨ҿ·⿪
ٻƺûз΢ͣһ£һ⿪ˣҿӱһ壬Բ󣬹ѩףеԵĻһ¡
ֻúѣǻһȼգҾȻյĸһЩ뿴һ㣬иںٻҿġ
ҽȭͷĿٻַ䣬һ»䣬۾ôģտԲΣͻȻһײ˴ϡ
˭Ƕٻʱæ̿㣬˳ֳһ·ڻ
˸Ⱦͳ¥ܣȴһײһʦϣһѽҸץסˣغĸѧôˣ
һ£ļʦиʦۼһϳң˵ⲻǸѧ𣬺ǰ˰ġ
֪ѧӭϣѾѧУԶˣؿǣ֪ʲôĴ
ʲôѾϨ𣿡
ͽ̵ȥɣģ⡭
ԱߵļʦΧָָģҾ޵ݣͷ֪롣֪δˡ
ʦҪߣʱͻȻ˺һһ¡
һͷһٻ˯ȹЬˣܴæӡ˿ңæ͵ǰģöġ
ղô˵أһʦɻؿң𱸡
ҿٻ֪ңҸϽصͷʱǼʦעٻˣֺõӡ
ȻиʦҶٻ˵ʦȥɣ
Ҷʱʦͼˣֲǲ·Ҫʲô㲻ûӽٻ
ˣ鷳ˣ˼ٻݸһЦ̹ҵ֣ȥķ䡣һͷƳһۣǼʦøӵҡðɣ֪ǿ϶Դˣ˭ٻô
ٻŹˣȻǵؿңϸ죬ôˣϰ㶼ڣҲûҵ
Ҳ֪ôشٻҵȻҸʵ飬ҸղŰˡŷﵭζٻѩ׵ȣһЩԳ
ңҲ֪֧֧Ļش
ٻƣ˵죬ϰûȥ׷ʲôˣ
Ҳ˵ͷٻĽţԼûҲղžȻ͵ٻôãֻںޡ
ʱҵĶӲĹһرĿٻúܶˡ
ٻһ£ȻһһͰ棬϶˿ˮݸң˵԰ɣʳùˣ㽫һŶ
ұܾģŵζ̲סˣӹ̻ʵģ̵ֻͷҸұ֤һͰʱԹһˣζһҲˡ
㣬ءٻĺֽۣҲ죬΢Цſҳԡ
ҵʱȻһ޳ܵɣ˵ʦʵΪҶˡ
ٻԽۣϽȥһ棬˵Ϊʲô˵أһæ͸ˣǮˣĶء
ٻ˵žʹӳһǮң˵ǮʱѰɣĻٸʦ˵
ҵʱﺬͻȻûϢĿવĵٻæôˡ˵û£̫˵㡣ٻЦ
ҳ棬ٻִһӵݸң˵ҽȥҿˣĴ̿յģʱûӣȥðɡ
治֪ô˵źãֻŵͷĵĨᡣұűӸ¥ٻˡ˵Ҳˣˣȥ޹˵һ
ҲǿĶôõʦһôƯ̫˵㡣ģûƭǡҵʱҲΣٻһиõ£
ٻҵᣬ޹˵֮󻹲ģȻȥҡʱҵˣǺߵĶڱ￴ٻ
ٻֻЦЦҰѴ̺ˣϢҵʱճɵɵؿ뿪˵ллˡ
ʱҵļҺٻʲôϵʶģҶ˵ұٻҵı˯͸һɷ㣬ϵζ
˯ĺ𣬶ҾȻμҺٻһ˿ҵ§һ𡣵ڶһʱҷҿʪյģܸӣæ͵͵ȥϴ
ϰҵ˸һһ࣬ԶԶľͿ¶
ҸҪȥ˵Ϳһָ˧Ż߹ȥͷܳһƣһ֪ǸǮĸ
ѻ͸¶Цĺҷ¶ûжЦ
¶ҺûƵģǸ˵ЦĴ߹ȥҸ˼ִغһ
ǸعͷӸµĿңҸһͷĵؿңȻͷ¶˵ôʶ㣬ǲں㣿
¶Ƴһۣҡҡͷ˵Ҳʶ߰ɱ
ҵʱ¶ôҲ̫˰ɡȥ˵¶Ҿ͸˵仰
߿أˣ¶һۣŤͷȥ˵֣Ųģߡ
֣ŲĵͷһѽƿˣûУй
ƾʲôңû㡣Ҳ˵
֣ŲĶʱͻˣһžͰߵڵϣ߳ŭӻ֪ʲôǿ¶ƯɣӼˣٲ߼һδһΡ
ҵʱñ֣ŲĴһܣȫĶ֣ǿ׳ģһƾͰҸȷˣһͷԵڵˡ
֣Ų˦˦Ʈͷݺݵָңһ˵СҲԼʲôԺҿ㿿¶Ҿ㡣
ҵʱܲ¶ȴ޶ԣһ˵߰ɣҪȻġ
֣Ųĺǵ⣬¶ǰƵģ˵İ¶Ժ˻㣬Ұƽ
¶û˵ʲôŤͷˡ֣Ųıһۣһ̵ϣȻ¶뿪
֪ΧкܶڿҵЦοѧУѾԶˣö˶ϵң۷׷׵ģ˵㿴ǲǸ̨ȥļһ
ǻ˵ǲȻȥ׷У¶ʵɵĿѽ
Ѿ˵ʲôˣҵͷûܣ᲻ľˡҾҵȷ飬ұֻ¶˵һûȥסΪ˯
¶װʶң֪һᶪˡǧС㣬ֻʺϸ֣Ųһڹϸ˵仰
ʵҲѧѲȻҵѧѱ¶ˡ
Ҹ׼ؽȥҾ¶ڴغյվס


8 ܽŮ
ŵð֪¶϶ҪˣһͷһȴһڼҴҵܣ߽һҷԭĩ¶ں׷
ҸϽ¥ݿϣʱĩ¶סˡëͳëŤס
侲лú˵Ӷڲĩû˵꣬žһ¶һưĩ۾ˣȻýŸˡ
˵ԣӣȻƭӣ¶ʹشĩĶӡ
ĩ׸ⷭ˵벻ҪӣֻݵĲԣûҵ֣ôгǵģϡ
һĲҺȻһ˫ЬӴӿз˹æͷȻ̲סȥ
ֻ¶ͷĸĩüƣëͳëҲһȥ򡣲ĩʵǶֻ࣬ص죬¶ǵȭͷȥˡ
£ӿͷϴ¶ĺۣĩĴϣַˡ
ĩ亹ͷȻ˵ʿɱ裬жϥлƽֻֻĸǾǴҲ򡣡
Բۣһһ׵ģӽŪ㡣¶˵žܵһȥһӹҪĩԿҡ
һˣҲӲܰôڲĩҽΧˡһ˳սսĺ㣬Ǳ򣬱ˡ
¶ͷƳһۣӷЦؿң˵ɵȣղ˵
ľսģ˵ǣңǱˣһ¾Ϳˡ
Եģ¶ָܻҡ
ҲΥС߹ȥ֪϶Ҫˡ
Ȼ¶˦һƣĶַ˷ͷͷƤмһȻһ̵ڵϣ˵ɵȣɾҾһΡ
Ķȥҿų¶ǿŨ̵еǶġ¶ǿЦܵ裬뵽¶ǾҰı˾
ҳų¶һӹȥסһϣ¶ͷԵڵˡһͷĩܰ
ĩӦȥһѽëƿˣתܡʱëĩһţĩֵ幾Ĺ¥ȥˡ
һɿ˳¶Ⱦܡ¶Żëͳë׷˹һ׷һ
ܵ¥µʱ򣬸պÿĩ̵ܡһͷһۣ¶׷ĺܿ죬ۿҪ׷ˡ
ߣ㡣ĩͻȻһ£ǹ˸䡣ǰһҸ㵽вȥû뵽ĩȴҽŮ
ԵģĶȥˣȥ¶ֵģȻǷҵĽŲǽرҵĶɤˡ
һ͵͵ĳ濴ֳ¶ǳ˲ԶˡܾùֵֹģһͷһĩһŮ͡
ŮС磬糺죬Ŵ۾޴ؿǣܼ١رĽš
ӷԷ𶯡ĩߴ߶ʲô۾
Һεؿ˿ǸŮĩ˵ǺˣҲ߰ɣ
ĩ̽ͷȥ濴һۣͷǸŮ˵ȻŮܲףǸղð֮ԭ£ĩǽʲôĵĩλĩֵ˼ǡ
Ҳĩ˵꣬һ£˵¶ǻˣܡ
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ˣǲ׷˰ɣҺĩܵѧУһСһӾ̱ڵˡ
ĩȶһ߿ʺĽһ˵˳һ㲻ʮ壬ܵ˺ܲǲȥҺңﻹ֮𣿡
İ붮ʳ¶Ϊʲô㣿
Ϊƭǣٻ˵ģһաĩε
㶣뵽俴ٻϴΡû뵽ĩţϲȥĩҲذҶԴһЩھΡ˵ҲˣԺô죿
侲˼ĩյĲͷϵĺͳһ۾ϺһƬҶյĿԶ
˵۾ǱȻĶġ
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Ҳ֪ĩ«ʲôҩҸȥһڿεҿö˶žװˣȻѧУϼϣʶǾѵʼӡ
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ߣȥ¶ĩ˵űϷƵóһֽȣһ˦ֵڵˡ
Ұֱģ˵ȥ𣿳¶ǿ϶ڵǡ
ĩһгӣ뵽ʲô⣬ֱϵءæȥǵ棬ֻѹѹĵѧһɫīɫװ
ǰһӾٳſںܲǰĹˣ뻮һվıֱ㲥¾Ѫڡ
Ҹĩҵ˱飬ʱҷֳ¶ǼҲ˾װĵǣҵĵĿĩĩͷƳһۣȻĴŮ
ûѧУ쵼̹ٿʼ䣬ǰɢˣ˳ءһֱģÿȥ¶ǣǶڶݺݵضߡ
ϣѵʱԳһ㣬ǻǺܿ쵽ʱϢʱ䡣ʱҿ¶Ǽ˳߹ˣ֪Ǻãĩһ£æߡ
ĩ˽̹ٸǰͷ˵̹٣ӢˬҳҲҪѧ㣬壬
̹΢Ц˵úϰСӣʱҲӵģӲ
ĩ̵ܽӣͽ̹˼ʲôȫûȥҾ͵ĳ¶ǻ׷һͷ¶ǶǣǼɵн̹ڣʱûй
ʱԱߵһĩæңǱָȥС˵쿴


9 ˿ڶ
ҿ˿ֻڰĽ̹ڽǰϰø񶷡һ߽һ߱Ȼֽţ˵ĸԸԿʱиվ˳
С磬˵е͵ңңɣ𣿡
̹ٵͷгĳӻ֣̹˵ͰҸղŽǵַҡ
ǸͷһӾ˹ȥֱӰѽ̹ٸƷڵˡʱܿŵͬѧǶˣ̹Щŵվ˵ǿûУҽ̵кɣͬѧʲô֡
ʯʯͷǸٺٵһЦס
ҵʱҲĿɿڴĩȴ˵ͷ΢ЦؿǸʯͷ
磬ÿһϢʱĩҵ̹ٸǰȥţ¶һʱҲҲʵĻ֡Һܽţĩʱôأ˵ǻ֮ƣһǾҪ赶ɱˡ
Ҳ֪ĩô赶ɱˣòװ磬һĩ̴Ҹҽĩһͷ¶ǼѾβˣɱڵӡ
ɢȺҷǰǸʯͷû뵽ĩܿ͸ʯͷһֱʯͷһңĩǰŽȥתŹˡ
ǸɣʲôʯͷͷԾؿ֮͡
侲ҽһ£ǰ˰ģҽĩʲôĵĩλĩĩϲһҽָܺ˵졣
ʯͷ˿ǣ˵ʶ죬ǲʶ㡣ĩʱֺܴĸоҾ֪ѧУѾˡ
У£ҪˣǲҪ򣬴ҡʯͷһ˵һ߰·ˣȻڵϿʼԳš
æԸ¶ĩûІ¡
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еòע⣬Ҫ˵ʲôͼʯͷ˫ֳŵأȻӰڿ˫ֳͷЩҪ佱ȴʯͷͨһڵˡ
ʯͷһҽУ̳Ѫˣε
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ء
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صһŶȻ󿪣һ󼲷磬ȴȻֹҽŵȥֻʯͷȵץסţ۾ض档
һǳëƺʯͷĴڣֱȭͷҺĩëһͱʯͷסˡ
ëͷҪʯͷǰСһԾһѾסĳëֱײҵļӴϡëҡҡλεصڵˡ
ܳǻһëڶصĳëû˵ͰһҺŶӶ˵ϡ
¶һֻʯͷŰ˳¶һ£¶һĲ㵹ˡ
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Ұְֻˣһʵ㣬𣿡¶Բһ۾ͽȥˡ
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Ҽеһμնɽʮ꣬װģӣͰסҽȥһ¥ʱڱĿ
Сɣôˣնɽңһҵͷ˫۾Ŀҡ
ҳŸýʲôãһ仰ǰ壬ҵ㡣
ǰɣ㸸׻ðɣôնɽ׺͵ӣЦݿĿҡ
˵ܺðܳܺȵģֵؾǺȾơ
նɽͷһ˲ƺüͷ壬ܸӣҲֻݼš
㸸ʺãлһۡôҼסĻϰ𣿡
ҿ˿¶вҡ
ܺأ¶öرչˣҶܺáЩ˵
նɽ΢΢һЦֵ⺢Ū·һе¾ȳȥˣٻǡ
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һҲĸ¶˶¥صһͰŸˡ
ҹ£ϡ¶ۣظҵָҵıӡ


10 СĶ
¶ҹ£ΪԼˡ
ղ˵ʲôѽСʡ
£Ҳ¶ģСֱšҵĶʹ
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ȻȥһУҸյѧУȥңм˰ҸΧסˡ
һһǳ¶һ¶һĸ߸˧֣Ųĵģ˻ëͳë
֣磬ӡ¶ĵĸ֣Ų˵ţȻݺݵָҡ


11 ٻ
ҵ˭ԭء֣ŲıĵƳһۣ˦˦ͷ˹
ʶĳˣȴѾǽˡ֣Ų˸ģӸµĿҡ
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ٻҩƿ΢΢̾ҵֿ˿˵︺ʦֻǾǸ֮ģпĳɼ㣬Ҳϣ㱻ûˡ
СֹʦԺôء
ٻ΢΢һЦһҵͷɵϣᾭܶģؼҪΰաʦմѧҵ飬Ҳز죬ܲӦģںöˡ
һʱûٻ˼Ҵãұ˺ܴϣǵģҲٻʧˣĵġ
ҴӰ칫ҳҪȥң˺ңʶΪǳ¶ǡ
죬һͷȥĩһ
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֪ʣȻǳ¶ˡĩ˵ŴֽȣһϵģҲʪһƬ
ҿʹĶӣ˵ֲøղȥûء
мˡĩ˷ϵ۾
˵ɣ̰ĳ¶㱨
ĩ˵ҲǱ֮âνѵͲ£
զ㿴ӣһֵˣ㻹ܲȥңʵ
ĩһЦ۾һ⣬˵ôˣһжԤ֮ڣ㰤Ҳ㵽ˡ
˵ٷϻһ뵽ˣƾ˭ӮҲȥ֣¶֣Ųģ֣Ų̫ˣһƾͿ԰Ҵɡ
ô뺷ʯͷΣĩʵ
ҡҡͷε˵ǺɣʯͷӮǻкüء
㴹ͷɥӣѲһһֱ׸ĩ𱸵
˵Ҳ룬ôأһˡ
ĩ˵ˣɣҲ¹˭ֻδ֪
룬ǸĩߡһѧУĲܳ
һ۾ͿʯͷˣǰСڵµķһһصİڶɾǵ
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Ұһۣҳʯͷһ˵ʯͷ¡
ʯͷһͶ˵ϣǳ˳һ
ͨһʯͷһͷԵڵϣˤ˸˲ġ


12 
ҲܣԵģʧʧ󡣡ʯͷ͵һһͦ͵
ҳһߣæ˵ʯͷѪˡ
ĩֱӴӶֽһεݵʯͷǰ˵ʧʧ㣬²Сڡ
ʯͷӹֽűǿףͷ죬͵㣬ңʲô
ǣ¶۸ֱ˵˵
ûգûڶ𣿡ʯͷֱӾܾ׼ȥ浥ܡ
ĩס˵侲侲˵Ҳ١
˵˵ʲôϣϴǻǷһһ
ʯͷͰû˵ĩӹһ㣬ΪʲôҪأ
ǿ׳۸ʯͷ˵Ż˻ĸ첲ȡ
Һ֣ʯͷĶļأһҲǿ׳ܴʵСҲǺǿ׳ôܴ
ĩʣͬѧ𣿡
ʯͷ˵ͷ
ʯͷ𣿡ĩʡ
ʯͷֵ˵ͷ
ĩʣԸ𣿡
ʯͷ˵ͷòԾæҡͷʯͷ˵㷳
ĩ˵Ըôء
ĩŲæʯͷȻָ
ʯͷ˿ۣ˵㣬ҵСأת䣬ָǶ
ĩһЦҡͷҲ˵ǴӦ
ʯͷ㶣е㶯ģʣʲôԣ
ĩ˿ңҵͷ˵ֻҪܰ쵽ġ
Ҫģ㣬ǰ첻ߣ߰ǡʯͷ˵Żӻ֡
Ҽ̸£ʾĩ뿪
ڣڡĩ˵ӱȭŲŲæĴߡ
ô죬ʯͷǣԺҪ򡣡ȥ·ҵǵ˵
ĩ룬˵侲԰꣬é®ɽ뵽ˡ
˵ҲʯͷҲ㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
ĩһЦ۾Ƶ˵Ϊˣ뼸ξˣνʯΪֻǽʯͷʯͷĳ
ҿЦã˵Ҫʲô֪ôء
֪Ѿˡĩһгӣ˵
һ㶣˵ʲô
Ǯ˲ŲѪôУĩЦе˵
ڴֻмʮǮٻҵģҴҸڵѡе㲻˳˵ʲô⣿
֪ˣҸط𱻳¶ǿˡĩ˵ŽӹǮŤˮͰˡ
ҸϽȥŴ˩ϣŵؿ档
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ĩѵһʱģͷ󺹵ģͦŴҸǰ
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ѵʱҲ͵˳Էʱˡµľ㣬ŷӶùУ׼ҳϴ¶ͷĩȴסҡ
ĩҸһߣȥѧУʳãҿű˳ԵĽζģֻܰ̿ˮĽؿűˡ
ʳԱ߻иСʳãʳҪúܶ࣬ǱȽϹûϵĩСʳȥˣ滹и䣬ҿкüˣʱꤵġ
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˵˭ĩ˵ʯͷ
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˿ĩ΢Цŵͷ˵㰲ŵģõҵǮ
ĩ˵ǰŵĻɣ
˵ãǮеļҵˣһʯͷӦأ
ĩ˵һʯͷӦأ
˵ţҿʯͷˣĴ˿ʵ˭˭ң
ʿԸ㷹ĩæʯͷȻţʹɫ
ҸϽʯͷӣһˮ
ʯͷϵļȣ۾һͿˣ߳Ա˵⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣͬѧαء
ӦõģһС˼һԣҪƲĩӶʯͷ
ѧУѧУȾƣͦˣĺܺáʯͷԵͣȻң˵Ҳ԰ɡ
ҵʱ۰ȥˣ˼ܱȰǿɡ
ҲԣҸհѿȥһӣĩȴӶֱӵʯͷ
Ե㣬ѾԹˣĩ˵
⣬治ˡʯͷ˵ֱӰѼ̲˶ȫѵĸ߸ߵġ
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ĩһƨϣ֨µ죬ʯͷ˵ʿǵΣ
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Ҳһ㶣ôˣ˵ʯͷǵôָˣҿĩ˵ô£ʲô˼
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Ը꣬ϴĩܳϿҵӡ
ΣκҵĿڳԣңҾʹӦʯͷ˵
ҲɸеΪѣֲҽⲻΪ
û뵽ǣĩȥһʯͷϣžһ졣


13 ¶
ԲԵģҴңʯͷĪıһƣʱףȭͷŹȥҪĩԴ
ĩƺ׼æ˵侲ҿɶΪá
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ҿóʯͷǿţҿӣе㵣ؿĩ
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һʯͷֽˣһʧ˵ô°
ĩæ˵ʵⲻһϰ߶ѣͲǲٸղǼ仰˵úܿǲ
ʯͷͷ˵Ϊʲôңˣ
һηԼпڳʲôʱ򣿡ĩʵ
ʯͷҡͷˣ㣬ʲô
͸ңа취κ㡣ܷȴӦǣڿʼÿ춼һߣϿ⡣ĩ
ʯͷһ£ٺһЦͷȻˣǣǻܲȥСʳóԷأ
ĩûش𣬶ǿң˼Բ˵㡣
ҺΪѵİѿ㶵˳˵һǮûˣǿŰɡ
˰ɣǻ߰ɣֻСʳǳԲˡĩ˵ųʹɫ׼ȥ
û뵽ʯͷסǣңÿҳһٷңҾͰǶԸ¶ǡ
˵ϡ𣿻һܰ쵽
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ʯͷ˵ȥĩ˵һҲû
ĩЦһҿʯͷӵ£һƶǽģ尡ʲôһѡ
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Ҷ䱻šĻۣһţһ֮ǰϵˣ¶ȻҶֶŷǴġģһ˵㿴ܲܽҵǮɣְֵķϡ
ҰְвǰɣΪǴƻأٵʱͲˣסѧѣҿǵôߡ¶˵һҵĶ䣬ʮֵ
ǹĹĵǰƣŵķ㣬һŭֱǸĸʨӡ
ǸûнְƽʱôģûһϢΪǼҵǮǴˮ𣿡¶ָҡ
˵仰ҲȻǸޱ˵ҵ˵ҵ
ҵʱͻˣһƿֻһ¶͵˳ȥ
б˵һղŵĻԿҺһ䡣
¶һĿڣһָңĶŽ˵ӣ˵ôûʱ϶ûпԤ
̲סˣȭͷ¶ֺӣһʹ֪ô¶϶ҵġ
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˵ҿɣֲǼ˵ܣ˵ž߹ȥ
վű𶯣ҡ¶ҵסҡ


14 ͷѪ
ҷ¶ûôҹԽԽǾй
ƽʱҰٰ۸ҾҪһ¶ߣץסᣬҺõ㡣
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15 ʦҰ
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ѵʱϰĸ𾢣֪Ҫ벻۸ӦԼǿ׳һЩҿ̿ϰ̹ٽ̸ҵƺͲ
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˵ʲôûҳΧǽ߿˿ʯͷѾˣҵһģΧǽ


17 Ůһ
Ѱ·׽ˡ
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¶ʱֱ˹ŤסңҾȭߵġ
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еˣǳ¶ͻëסңҶã֪ҵԿҪˡ
Ҵ򰡡
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治֪ư۵Ϊʲôô֧˵սЦˣĶܸȣ
ثʲô𣿡ЦЦĿҡ


18 δ
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ҡҡͷҵļҲãѧУûʲô˼
ӢͬŮ·ƽεĩм
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ЩģҸϽȥʯͷţ˵ĺǻѪ˿
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һҪɹ¶ţڸԼ
˽ˣʵ¶ôӾûпɹιȥȻӾҲͲʮ׵ľ롣

СܶӾرϣҲ˷ܵĽ¶צӡ
԰㿴Ŷһܳɹģ͡¶ͷСһЦСһǡ
ɣҲڣԸСܸ͡
ʲôڴĳˣιǰĴӡ¶أٵʱ򻹱ӾѵأҲûмʲô
ͨ
¶ˮˣ¾ͿʼζΪε㣿ʵ򵥵Ĺʽôᣬ˼¾ͳˮȥ
ǵģ¶ȥˣ


19 û
ҿ¶ӾţǻðԭǧСҲôܵʱ
ͷûгãҾͷԾˡ
꣬¶ôˮأһˮһ£һðͷҷɫˡССڳӱϿ˿ңȻһˮȥˡ
ҵʱҲûж룬һʹˮӡ
˦ŰӾͳ¶˹ȥҵʱˮҵץţһȥͰ§סˣͳϡ
¶ڻץ˾һܲ˵§סҡ
ʵӾһȶҸͲζֱˮﳯߡ
¶ɷף۾΢գϡ
ҵһα¶ȷе˵סҡ
ļܹ⻬ľ٣һô
ڴæ˫§Сϣеԣ¶ҵĿϣ飬ٵĺ֮
ɿءһ߱¶ߣһ˵š
¶ȫ˲ô࣬ȫڷͷʪܵϣƴ§ҵĲӣһƵġ
ҵĶ䣬ġ
⻹ҵһκһŮôʱһŮӵûϵӵ¶
ϰˡ׼¶ϣҡҡ˵Ѿȫˡ
¶ȴӦң޳ȼϣȻ§ҡ
ֻĺȴ񽥽΢ˣ˫ҲţԭƯ԰ֽ
¶ģҾ̫ã˿˻Ϊҹռ¶ء
ְҵϱָڵӲۡ
¶ǲ벻˰ɣ
ôһͻȻеˣʱСҲ˻˶ʪĹëΧ¶תһȦȻͷҡ
ҿСܵ˼ҿȾŮˡ
ҵʱеΣҿ˿¶Ǻ촽Ҳ֪ò˹
ҳɵʱСܹȥˣյ¶ǰˡ
æƿôõĻôһֻﹷռˡСһæܿˡ
Բס˰¶ҿɲǹģһҡô˵һ䣬ƵĻͷĴ˿Ȼ쵽¶Ŀϡ
꣬ˣֻǸѹʱٲ£ʲôǳ֮Σ¶ʱô¶
ǷӯĿʹ˺ü£¶һ㷴Ӧûѹ
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ʱҰ¶СˣһС촵ȥˣҹʹ˺ü
ʲôûио˵ʵͦڵģҵʱûô࣬Ҳŷ֣ԭҰұĳ׸¶ˡ
ûװ࣬һɽӣϸ֮ǰǶũ̸֪ʲô
ҼǵСѧʱʹһСŮǣֵһҼңҺϱʱϵˣһưҸȵڵˣһٲԺһ档
ԺҾ͸飬ҪȻҲһСȻҼлôһǳʱһŮԼϰȥٳ
ҵֳ·ţҵʱĸоæ˻ȥˡȻȻûȻˣŮҲûˡ
ȿȡ
ں˼ʱ¶Ǻ˼һˮҵϡ
¶۾㶣ҵʱ򣬿˿ҵһֻֻѹĿϣʱŭʼӡ
žһƣ¶ϡ
ӣղŶʲô¶е㾪ŵԲҡ
æͣһӻ˵ûˮˣҰˣţСܡ
¶Ҳ֪ĶһӾվˣϿ˿ҪҵĶ䡣
ѹأһͷеΣֱӵһ
˵ҷǲأʵҵʱûãֻģȻ¶ʶķҡ
ҪϢһҪȻܡҼ¶Բȥ
ÿҪܡ¶ʹһ¡
С㣬ôˣһûüͣһĴ˹󻹸ŵСܡ
һͰҸƿˣæͷ̡ҷеҺͽš
̵ٶҲ湻ģ廰һ·ɱ벻ͨһôء
һ͸Ͻ¶æʳʶ̵ġ
¶ҡҡͷֵͷģ۾ȴضң˵û£ӡ
Һ޹ؿ̺壬˵ûôֻ
㣬Һݺݽѵˮ¶Ĺĵ˵š
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õģС㡣һ˵꣬һ;סңˮӾȥˡ
ͨһҵˮһðˣ¶ֱԲУˮӵĲӣô͵
οӣιǰĴӣҪȻ¶ղŹѾˡ
ôţɴҲˣҾˮ
¶ԭܽǼҲ˵Ӳ˰ɣ
峯ҿ˿ҡҡͷᣬСȥЪŰɣ
̵ͷһ߰ο¶һ߷رȥ
һʱ򣬿ӰҲûˣȷе˵Сܶڰߣͷ¡
Һܰյʪ͸ˣСܹҧҵĿȻҵĽţȻڸлҶ¶ľ
꣬˻繷ءҰֹһ䣬մȥ·Ҳ֪ĶðģҸסˡ
ʲôʲô£ҿޱӣеš


20 ýŲ
м¸̸һ¡ľګ࣬ǿɡ
еţòҸղž¶ʱΪˣҪҰɣ꣬ǿҵĳǣԩˡ
ҿ˵˵С㲻Ӿ£ǧ𵽴˵
֪Ҳ˵ġҺ¶±֪˻ܶӣСܵ𺦡
УԺСҪӾʱԱ߿ţǧҪСġ徯
˵Ŷ֪ˣΪʲôԱ߿أ
㶣˵Ҳ㡣
ҺƣѵӾͷˣӻǸأһʮͷʲôġ
ôţ˵õģ廹𣿡
˵ûˣ֮סˣȥ·ɡ
һصȥ·ˣվöеˣ̾ˡ
æ̷ûС
ˣС˵첻緹ε˵
ҶʱйˣһΪҳԷأŶӵͷ˵ˡ
ȴֲڵһ£ΧȹݸҼӣ˵԰ɣС㲻֪ء
ҸмĲˣҽӹ̻ʵġӲʮͣǳʱ򰡣һͶˡ
ȥСǱߣ˵Ҫ˵¡̿ң΢ЦʱƸˡ
Ҿ֪¶׷ŹҵģҲνˣ巣Ҷϰˡ
̣Ϊʲô¶ˮģұ߳Աʡ
ɫһ䣬Ĭһ˵ñˣñܣԺҲ֪ġ
Խĺˣ뵽˸ղľ棬ֻòˡ
̵ͷתȥˡ
ڰѰӳˣˮһĨ죬ȥ¶ˡһ׼ɳսʿһһȻӡ
ңȥʱ¶һƯĸȹվӡ
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죬˵𣿡¶ô۾ңȻʼŻݺСӣܸһ΢˷ܡ
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ֻһ죬æõȥ
¶ʱСüЦġ
Ҫȥһˣ·ϴɾ㣬Ȼѷɨһ飬ҪСܣҪõ㣬ЩСܿƬٴɹһ̫
¶ϲķԸͷ˵֪ˡ
ҪһûãҲԷѧڵѧҲҪˡ¶˵Ըеȣͦؾͳȥˡ
ҴӶ¥ش⿴ſͣһСһӸ磬ժīҷԭ֣Ųġ
֣Ųװʿĸ¶򿪳ţ¶ĸ첲ȥ΢ӣɴûжЦôޡ
ֲ꣬øһԭǸ֣Ų߸˧ȥԼء
ҿ˵ЦģȻųһ̵ˣ忪ųںš
һͷСְŴ˵㿴ëߣٿ㡣
Сܳڿ˵Ĳԡ
ƵĶбҧҡ
⼸¶ôңҾллûУҳԷˣӵĳԼᣬҾŭա
ҹȥ˸ϰѣСܻŻ
Сܴűŵˣһ¼βܳȥˡЦúʹ졣Һܿ뵽¶ҵľ棬ֻˣҳȥңСѾˡ
ҳȥſڵĲƺ϶ûȥҾûʵʵİ๤ãñ¶ץסѱ
Ҵ¥ʰһ¥ʱ򣬿Ѿŷ˳ˣЦһƣҾúС
˺ü죬һЦſڵıҲмһˡ
֪öˣ˵ԼǲˡǰҪɨҪôġ
ҿӵζȣ¿ˮǵҶˣȫûá
԰ɣȥϢɨͺˡ˵Ÿʢ
¶ҳԣҪˣûóˡε˵
˵ûµģҲģЩ˱ǸС׼ģӦȥˣҪǲԵĻϻҪġ
Ҹ˵ƨƨߵģæƵĳӲˣ˶˵
ҳԵʱЦӯӯؿңԡһ˵һϰȥɨ
ʵҺܸм̵ģҳԱ˸Ͻ¥ȥ¶ϴ·
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ҿһ·Ҿͺջôɾϴƨҹȥױ¶ˮһ£Ȼ͹̨ˡ
ô͵գҹ¶ҲֲˣֻøϴǼˣ˼£ϴ»ˡ
æһʱ仹أȥȥ̴ɨûС
¥ݳһʱסˡ
ֻ㵸ģϰػؽɡýŲӺ컨
ǵģֳϰѣյżĨڲơ
൱ӯһֻɵķ·ת
ѽѽӼţˡҵʱ;ò˼飬۾̲סһ̾
̷ңͣװʲôҲûзһȥˡ


21 ȥ
̣ոաæ¥ݣ˳ȥϴ롣
ͷЦһ£ԵøĪ⣬˵ôˣ
ղżֱ˧ˣôģҺܺʡ
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֪Ͳһɤţ˵ղôģ
Ŷɡ̵˵
һͷ˿һȾģΪʲôǰֿֿԴˣԭǸصĸ֡
ѧ̽Ұɣҿ̣ôԺɨ׾١
ѧǶáϴ룬ֲ˲Ȼȥ޼ΧĻ֦Ҷ
Ҹ̳ȥҿ˶ļģûһһɵĹľԾͳһֻ״ٴοˡ
ôģ̽ҡԽľþˡ
ģʮһյϰˡ̵ܲϣܲȴ͸źͰ
˵ҲҪԺͿɵ㣬¶ҡ
ҡҡͷ˵Ժ˵ͽҰɣȥ飬˳ǹš
Ҽôֻա
ҹȥСڲƺˣȦ˩ǣҵȥһӣһִó鿴Ҳ̫۵ԵʣҲ֪˯ˡ
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ʵͽȥɨֱǼͷ̴ɨءһͷεؿ̣÷ˣŲ˳
¶ӣ˲;ߡ
¶ϴּȥԷ
С㣬ҪȻȳٴɨ̼ҿ˵塣ûͷԷҡ
¶һۣǵķһŲأɨ겻Է
ζӶùУȴֻܵͷϵء
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ӣûθˡ¶Ĺĵģѿһӣ¥ȥˡ
԰ɡ嵭ؿһۣ¶¥ȥˡ
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ӣСأ¶ּʵ
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˵Сأ¶ҧź촽ң٣巢
Ҳ֪翴ڲƺ棬ҾʹɨȥˡҺεػش֪Ҵˡ
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ûµģԶģ϶ΧǽҪǳȥ˱ῴġ̰οңʢҳһ㡣
ҽȭͷŵҸмؿһۣ⣬û˶ôù
Ҳˡ۾ģҵˣؼˡ
̾Ϣһȥʰˡ
ſڶţϴģЩ죬ûпôֹЩӶ˶ƴҡ
һֱһСʱ춼͸ˣСܻûҵ
¶ģһšҵĶ䡣
Сܲˣ˵ô죿
ҲҺۣҲ磬ұ˰֧ңһֻ㡣
¶Ц˵ʲô⣬ѧѶ𡣡
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ͻȻ˦¶֣ŲӺ˵ôһ𣿡
¶һ£ûϵһ˵
ʱŷȭͣĳңץģȻץסҵֱۺݺݵҧһڡ
ҵСܣӡ
֪ҽ촳˴Ѿ޷أЩѾܹˡֱӰ¶ָץסˣһƿ
һֻ𣿡Һһ䣬˶ˡ
¶˼²ˣ߳ŭˣָӱǹҸץסˡ
ӳȥҲ뿴ˡ¶ؿҡ
£ǱĶ֣¾ͰϹȥиʵ㡣
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ôһʹ绰Ұְ֣ӲߣҾߡ
¶ͷϣܲ˷ҪߣңܼϽ
ʲô˲ģΪϡܲˣҴһ߷ί
ҿ˿̣ܱ׳ĳ˹ȥֹεؿ뿪
б¾ͱҵСܡ¶ŽţԲڷ
ңȥˣȻصĹ˴š


22 ҵСδ
߾ߣӲŲϡءҿŴűϣҳŰۡ
ʱĺɫãȻеģǻСܣûмӶҲˣǴҴææɢ
֪ǿ϶ǷȥСˣ¶һļ٣ԼĹӲˣĶܲء
ԳЦţű·Ŀĵߣ·ưҵӰļ́ܳͷ·ߵĺˮҹɫİ
߰ɣ߰ɣҪѧ᳤߰߰ɣʹ߰ɣΪԼѰһҡ·ߵһڲšĴۡ
ɵ㶵վţ֪ôģ۾е꣬Ҳ̫ɿ˰ɣ
¡
һ۵绮ҹգһ׹žǶưö£һûüܣͱ˸
춼ӹȥһŻŵҸط꣬˺ߵһͤһͷ˽ȥէůһ΢һһ˼Ƥ
Űӿͤϣۿⳡ꣬Щһʱٸн
ҾԼһɵȣһ޼ҿɹ˺һų˻
¶ңѧУ֣Ųĺͳ¶۸ң˯ĵطûУŶӣȭͷĺܲġ
һҷģҪҹһѿ׳ɳ

ͤԺ˯ˣѣ۾һ
¶ĳﹷСڲҵĿȣͷҡͷβ
ҲԵģյģӺˡĳСܺһһôԾСܵ費һ¶Ҷܲܡ
˵̵ģĶȥˣΪʲôк˰ɣ
Сܼҷŭһ˼Ȼͷͤ濴ţͷٺٵĴ
ʱһͣɫѾһֻɫĳﹷңһһҵ˿ֻ
յģôŪˣҹȥֻëϳʱͽˣ£һҵȣСͷƺڱʾл
С˷ܲѣȥͰëһţһܵӡ
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СܼĽͰë
Եģյˬˣˣݸڰ
ҿЦã˿ƲϵָģȻ־ֳ󣬵Ҷ˺üˡ
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źߵ·ƣҿݣ
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ô㣬С˵뿴㣬ϽߡŹǷͷ˵
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ſˣ¶˯£˯ʵӣüͷƳһۣ˵㻹
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¶㶣ʱüЦģæСܱڻ˵СƤˣȥĶ
Сͷֻëһӡ
ëĿ¶תܿˡ
꣬ҹëСܺ¶̫ȣԳԴߵˡ
¶ɵؿʵӣ⵽ô£
ô֪ô£ô֪СܰͻȻ˵ͷҲӲ˲١
¶ȵؿһۣ˫۵ɵϴ˵һ죿
һô˭涨ҲܻģҺη˵
¶һţСܵݸ˱ͷָҺб˵һ飿
˵ô¶Ϊ㡣ˣԼҸô˵
¶ȻˣĹĵС죬һ˫
ҿѧǲҪˣôʰ㡣¶ϰԵĳ֣ҪšסҵĶ䡣
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ſң㷴¶ּ̧žͳ߹
ֱסˣһᣬҳûסС˸
¶ͨ죬ҵźԴҩˣҪ
Ҫ㣬ΪҵСδޡҲŲæ˵


23 ѪԼ
˵˵ʲôѽſûУ¶Ͳ˵ĻҴģݺݵҧһڣֱҪץˡ
ûϵֻһҹ֮䣬ҵķӦ״̬֮
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¶㶣ͻȻŭ˵ӣҿǷˣҪǮҿԸ㣬㲻˵޳ܵĻ
ҿ¶ӣҺܵ⣬һֱĿ⡣һЦ¶֪㿴ңУʵΪԼ˲ǮǶġ
ұ졣¶߳ŭˣͷָűӸҸߣҲ뿴
õæ𽺹Ҿ˹ˡ
˭Ҷӿ¶δҵСδޡŭһװǻơ
еɵؿ¶ơ
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װʲôأСҪСδǾϰˣһ˵ţŤסңľͰҳϡ
ұ׳־Ƶģ⼸˵Ķ֣һӵڵˣۿĹӾͳԿ
꣬ˣǺοأͻȻеԼǲ̫嶯ˡ
ʱһӰһ಼£ͰѼƵһȥˣֵĻᶼûУʱ
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ҿ¶ŤСˣҺܸмؿ̣֪˵ʲôá
ҽȥˣҳûУóϸҡ
Ҳûгԣһ˹Ĵһޣͼ̻ͣ̾
Ե𣬾ſڵҳһնɽˡ
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Ұ˲еȥˡ
նɽ¶˵ʲôˣ֣ʾҹȥ
е㲻ȥ¶ĵۣȻཱུġ
ˣնɽ¶ֿң΢΢һЦ
ҲԣҸղ̫嶯ˡҾնɽǸǵˣô˵¶Ůҿɲǰ
ӣ㲻ԣᡭ¶һۣ˵ʲô
նɽüһۣŭ¶æˡ
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ҵͷնɽרΪ»ģҰǸԼݸնɽ
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ձЩѹ֣Ҳܽţҿ¶ıҲЩӣǺܼɵնɽġ
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ٶȺܿ죬һһĺӣȻ˵һվڡ
նɽ򿪺ҲóһʽĲ
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е㼤˵壬ô£
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նɽЦЦҵļ˵øʱһԺúѧϰסҪʲô͸¶˵
¶𣿡նɽǿһ顣
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ھҪ֪¶ܲģնɽĸ첲
ôֲˣԺ۸죬㡣һҪȥæ¾ʹҵ绰նɽĿ¶һۣתҵͷˡ
¶ͣյĶ˶ţɳϵıӵˡ


24 в¶
Ұ˿һѪľ鰡ȻҲ֪ҵôնɽʶģնɽҵø磬˵ϵͬһ㡣
ңһ¶Ȼˣе˼
¶ҵѡڵ㣬նɽˣӻʲôùǵġ
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˵ܰôִ򲻹ҡ
¶һһң˳һӣһ£˵㣬ϵİɣ
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ҿǸߵӣҾ೩ˣлҵǸԤԵˡȻ¶ƢֲֻɰǮ
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һһ㶵ģЦֲżԺǡ
ʱһĽˣһ£һҿֹæһԿΪҪҡ
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ͷ˵ллޱſȥվˡ
̵ģûĹ˲ڿͻȻ뵽ʲôæ¶˼绰
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Ŀ⣬ز¶ĩҡӣʯͷԿһ¡
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ĩŲæ͵ǵȻǴѧУ͸иҿǹԸ죬ʯͷ㲻ͶƱˣѾһˡ
Ǹý𣿡ʯͷɻ
ҹЦ˵ŶֹûУӶˣʲôģûô鷳
Ҳ޹زɷԲν
νѣ㣬㻹벻ԴˣʯͷĩĻȻչ§Ҽ磬ǰǰҲ̫̫װˡ
ܣ治ӵĵطһݣʶ𡣡Һװȵ˵ţȻĺƱӡ
缸ǡһû˵꣬ĩٵİǮȥˡ
ǾʦҲݹ٣ʳסСĩ˵ŰǮҡӾǰߡ
ʯͷһ㶣ܿһƿң˹ȥĩϣ˵һЩֺõĻһˡ
ҿЦãֻøһߡ
㣬ǿԱģãáһС͹£ʯͷָԱߵһӣиͷ΢ŮųԷ
ɼĩƳһۣͷо׼۸
ֻǱСͷһµ˵ţǸŮͻȻתͷ
һû뵽ҵŮٻ


25 ӢҲ
ҿٻʱһ£æЦʦɰҲڳԷ
ٻգգƯ۽ëݸһЦͷأҸղλ˳˵㶫Ǽô
ζͶʦЦˡĩķӦٶȺܿ죬ֲʦףԷֱСԡ
ʯͷľګķһƤϽϣʦãá
ٻСһ죬˵ԣҲˣûн˰ɣһһ¡
Һܾȣ˵ʦǮ
ĩһۣϽӻʦУĵЦǳżڳһͬѧĸ飬ԳСǮһ£ƷѾ̫ⲻȥ
û£Ҫġٻ˵ţͰϰ庰ˡ
ĩͶһЦ⣬ʯͷĴָ
ǽѲٻҹˣξȻְ︶ˣ̫Ϊˡ
ԵĲ֪ͷ˰
ڴʱĸֵĽˡ
Ϊ׵һǸͷˣʮӣŰӣġϹһӣֱײڼ󺺵Ĵӵ½˵
ϰ壬Ͻúò˺þơͷһߺһСæ̡
ιͷ磬û뵽ݹ٣ʲô㣬͡ϰҲ˲øǽˣŻŵӭӹȥЦš
ͷû͹ϰ壬ǿٻ޼ɵĴϵ´ȹµȿ
ͷ磬椲һСڨЦεĿٻ
ٻüõƳһۣʾϰˡ
ëߵˣ˶ǮˡͷкǳϰһĹͷЦеĿٻ椶żȵơ
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ϰеΪѵؿŹͷС
ģ椸Ҳͷ̽һ˵ž͹ȥٻ
վм䣬˵ʲô
Ǹ󺺰ԲģһϣݺݵСӣʲôӹҪ¡
Һ˺üһܴȻǶ֣̿ʯͷ
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ԲۣڵСӶô񣬻ˡǴ˵žͳʯͷ˹
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ͰͲסˣһǿ׳ģͳʯͷȭߵġ
ҵʱԾæٻһȥó˵ط
ֻʯͷһֱӵһƽͷӵĲϣȻǵǧƵģųһͷһͨߣǴ󺺾Ȼĵĺ˼ײϡ
ҲȣСյɱ㡣ƽͷŭһֱӽʯͷ˳ȥ
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ˣǿסѽٻʱˣ޴ңʾҿߡ
ĸСյĻ˰ÿʱͷзˣһ⣬ŭĹȥƿ˺ʯͷܵƽͷ˶ȭͷͺ˹ȥ
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СѧӢ۾Զṵ̂ɣʶĶӹ򡭡
۵
ͷлû˵꣬һ죬ֻĩһ룬ֻ˹ͷеԿϣʱķѣͷеԿ϶Ų˺һð
ͷ۵໿УѪ۶ĩ˵ҵң
ĩЦһֵλúӢҲƼˮ꣬ڶֶţղŶе
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ˣ˵ز˾ĩһӰƷˣŹͷоƹȥתܣϵ׸ǲһ㷭
ңҲܣܸѰСʯͷδ䣬һƿһӣವһͳȥˡ
һ⻹ë߰ҵ³һӣֱ·ĺϣٻתܡ
ҺٻŲ·ģһ·񱼣ͷǵĽԽԽһͷһ꣬ͷдż׷ˡ
ΪʲôҪ׷Ӱôȥ׷ʯͷĩأǣŮʦ
ҿǰӣ̴ٻ˽ȥ
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һˣЬŤˣֻ½ҲŤˡæٻ̽ͷȥͷǼѾﲻһˡ
˵ʦ㻹Ҫұ㣿
ٻҧ촽ЩΪѣûشѾ˲ֱ࣬ӱܡ
ŵٻϵķƢǱȺǷǡֻϧǷǳʱ̣Ķ˼ЩǸϽҪ
ߣӿˣվסͷдһɱڵľ׷ˡ
죬ôѽٻͷһۣ§ҵĲӣԵúǽ
û˵ıٻ񱼣ǵܵӵľͷŷǸͬһ¸ǽסǵȥ·
ܰӿĶܡͷеĴ˹


26 Ҫ
ҿͷǹŵ˼㣬ȭͷ׼ȥӲƴ
û뵽ٻȻǰ棬ɴ۾쿪ֱ۵ʲôұˡ
ĵͷˬˣģ㲻ûǸءһͣһЦ˵
ͷĹͷЦС˱£粻˺ģֻҪ档
˵ţǼ˾Ͳ˹
֪Ǽ·ˣԲôֺġٻȻӲţֶּе㷢ˣҾؿǹڵϳ˳򣬼˸שͷ
ԵģٻôãҪǱ̣ˣҪһӵġʱҾȥˣҲܲ˵ģһתͷ˹ȥ
صһһԿǵͷѪˣһҺͶȥ;סҡ
Ҳŷһ£ͱһӸƷڵˣ˶ҾȭߵġԿǣָ￴ͷйȥץٻˡ
ͷſ˫ȥٻŵɫ԰ףܼѵĶš
𰡣ſŭգһӾҧ˼ڣҸֱ߷ڵϣһͨᡣ
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һ죬ֻһשͷԶɹˣһӾҷһӡ
յģԶ٣ӷַǡʯͷӿڣźüשͷԾԾԵڶš
С˸ӻ˰ɣŪǡͷлͷŭһѸ׷Ϲȥ
ʯͷ˼שͷתܡ׷ģԶˡ
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ͷתһŰҸ߷ˣЦСӲãϽؼȥ̡
Ƥˡĩʱһľӿڣʯͷһ߳˹
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Բۣͷ磬Сʱ򼸸׷˻Ǿ˹
ĩ˵ʯͷô£õɽ
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㰡ʦͰұ˾ֶһ£ٻȶһ㣬ӻ߻ƣĸ߸ЬˣŽš
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ʦ㡣ͷţͷһиѾ˹ˡ
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֪ҵðһѣһӴǽˡЦأСʱڴɽ׷ӣѣ׸ߵǽǲڻµġ
ҳȥһԲۣǽиˮֲٻء
ӹһҲ֪ĶһӣǾͳ˹
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ͨ
Һٻ˫˫˳ˮʱûˡ
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ҲиˮӣҪȻ϶ˤĲᡣ
ٻŵòᣬŻŵץҡ
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ȹµȲϣģȹҲ֪ɶʱÿˣķԡ
ƽʱҿҪѪڣǴ˿Ķ˼ȥء
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̧ͷһǽ̽һԴһӿǣСӻܣӷ㡣
һţ§ٻܡ
ٻĽе㲻ͣʹӿһҧź촽ü˵죬ˣȥ˰æ
˵ʦ¾㾯Ҳûã˻ƻ˶ˣҲܶ㡣
ҽ§ٻȣûܣǰͷһ·ڣһͽȥˡ
Եģأûӣͷоʹ׷ˡ
ոջģ˲ɣһɻ
ҳӷҪ˲ɡͷжݺݵĺţ˷ֿˣĴѰҺٻ
ʱ˿̣ҺٻͶһͰͣҲҳ
Ҿôţ꣬Ҳһٻܳûϵ£ҶƵˣĶɫ
Ҳ֪˶ãӣСʱҵһֱֱٻʼյŴ۾༱ɪɪ
һͻȻ룬һҪҲٻ۸ˣҪҷġ
ѽôˣһӸհһʱһ
ͷ߰Ķһһ˵ʦûˣˡ
ٻɫ԰׵·еҡΣҷ뿪Ǹøӵǡ
ҿΧһƬ˵ʦסĶȥ
ٻ˿·˵ǰ治Զ
ǵſڣʶһԿ׶ʱһ¡æôˡ
ٻ˵ˣǸ͹ˣԿ׻а͹·
Һԥ˵ʦȥãȵš
ٻ˵˰ɣһץô죿ȥҡ
Ҳ˵꣬תܣ˻ûʲôŵ㣬ũ壬ðСʱҵɽܣҹƶʮӡ
Ȼ˵ҿ쵽͹ݵʱ򣬻е㺦µģһͷſôأ


27 ϴϴ
ͷԵ³˳򣬼͹ûʲôˣϰڿʰӡ
ϰ忴һ֣㶣ŵĴ˿ѹСô
ҸЦ˵öûпһŮʽǸոǸŮµġ
ϰ룬ȥ˸ӵݸң˵Ҹղʰʱ򿴼ġ
˵ллת׼ߣϰ˵ȻСӡ
ʱǳ˷ûнˣϰ岻Ҫɣ˵ûǮҸղǻûгء
ϰ˵˾ˣ㣬㶼֪ǵǸͷ˭
أµġҺװȵ˵ʵܲ
ӥˣƽʱаԵģԺ϶ŹǵģԺСĵ㣬߰ɡϰʮּɵӣ˵Сġ
ӥѣֲ졣װΪȻӴҡڵߣһתͼӿٶٻܡһͷϰҡͷ̾Ϣ
ӥ᲻ǹŻֺ˰꣬Ѳ˺ɬ᣿ҪĽҲɴ˸ս
ҵʱ˽ӥĻҪҲ֪һƽڵȴңȻⶼǺˣ¿
ٻĴӻصңҷſڣһˣһĪٻֱͷ׷ˡ
ƣжҺذٻԿóš
һһһķӣءһ۾ͿϴиӰ
ˮ죬Ļȴȼգ̸е٣շˡ
ŵĵ߹ȥҷϴžȻûйغã϶Կǽһ澵ӣھٻȫӳճ
ͷʪģѩ֬ļҫۣһͦε壬ҿκһŹŮ˵ĻҪۼ
Ҳʮ꣬һǸũĺӣټСӰƬֻĳһǵһοҵʱɵˡ
뵽ٻҵĺãҾȫҾŲšѧУ￴ĻֻǸʵӰӣΣȴС
Ҿúɣѣͼ۾ҵƤˣǺϲ£
ìܼˣаͷʹҼ¿ǾӵĿռޣҽֻǿٻǽεСӯӯգ£ˡ
ҲģҾ뿴ŮصĵطִսϴţҴ㿴ס
ȻٻûзңڳͿĨԡ¶ˮ˳⻬ļµ䡣
С¹ײǶȥ۲죬ܿģеĴ䲻žǴ̶ŵĶӣ֪˿
ٻֻˣԥҪҪӡ
죿𣿡ٻеţϴѵһ¡
ǰʦҸոսûˣֻˡҳϻ̳Ͽֵ˵
ϴˮͣˣٻҽһ°ɣ˵һعȥ
ͷæˣ洫һ˵
˵ιĸ
Ǳ߳Ĭһĸٻأ
˵ϴ谡˵Ƚӣһظ㡣
Բԣĸôһ𣿡˲ɷˡ
һԣ˵Բȵģ˭ôɶ
˵š֮绰ﴫཱུӹҶˡ
һҲûʾһİ룬ҾͰѵ绰ˡ
һٻϴˣúϷ˱ǣ΢㷢գһ˫Ȱ׻λεۡ
ղſе㺦
ٻЦЦ˵ģ˵ղ˭绰
˵֪أ绰ûд֣Ǹɵȡ
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˵ʦŻôϴٻ˵ǻˣ׼ҷ޵ģϴɡ
ôһ˵ҵе㲻˼ˣϴﻹŵˮһζڿƲɢͻȻٻӣʱеԳ
Ұ·˴ÿʼϴҳˮëʱҿëмںľĶҶʱеˣѵٻġ
죬·𣬸Ͻңϴһ°ɡٻʱſڽҡ
һеΪ飬ҰĳºͿ˳ȥҶź˵ʦĶɣһԼϴ
ٻһЦ˵ûµģһϡ
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һҵĿûţҶʱˣ˵Լϴʦ
ٻһ˵ûµģҰϴһ͸ˡ
ҵʱ֪˵ʲôãһˡû뵽ٻôãҳôûĸŮ˸ϴء
ϴ贩ٻ˯£վӸоеŤȻС˵㵫Ǻʣһ㡣
ŷеĦ֪һС
ٻ̨·ͷĳƳһۣպЦ㴩ʦ·Ůء
ҸЦЩڣæԼ治ôأҳٻעҿﰴ˼£ǸλȻִܹ
ٻ·ȥһ˷䣬óһƿҩˮ˵Ҹҩ㿴׵ģ϶ء


28 ս˭
ѾٻһθҲҩˣü΢ҧź촽ַᣬСŪҡ
ǸӴӳεգϵĵҲһӶˡ
죬ղΪʲôôƴٻĵʡ
ʦҲ뿴㱻۸ڲ룬Ҳ롣Һܼᶨ˵
ٻˮӯӯοЦ⣬ҵͷ˵ɵϣʦµģӦúúõѧϰŶԣ˼ϡ
ǣѧϰɼãܱ𣿡Һܾǿȭͷ
ٻЩ̾ϢһŴ⣬üۼӹһ˿ĳ૵㻹Сܶ鶼ʦ̫ˣҲ뿴صޡ
˵ʦôҶᱣġ
ٻ΢΢һЦȴԵЩɬ˵ʦʶ֮ǰһ
ĻһˮʱҲ֪롣
ˣʵʦӦøлأǱܵĺáϢһȥԿף˳㶫ٻҵͷתˡ
ͻȻеãȻܾӦΪٻʲôϴ˨ˣȥ˹һӣ޺˾Ͱѹ߷Żȥ
׼ȥʱҳƳһۣһţҺ淭
һٻһеĺӰеĺ׳ʵ˧ٻ߰ͷٻЦ
ʱſˣٻˣһӶڿƬͻȻ
ƬùȥƬһۿеʪ
˵ʦôˣ˭ѽ
û£Ӷ˰ɣ˵˻ղ㶼ûгԡٻûشңŽȻתȥ˳
Ҳûжʣ˵϶в˵ĵ
ڿŷζʯͷĩҲ֪ǵʱôˣ᲻ԹӶǲء
ٻĳոһƯҳԵͣ˵ʵô죬ҳԹһٷˣҿһӶǸζ
ðɣһӣʵڲ֪ݵʱˡ
ٻĳʱ֣ȥѧУϰˡ
˵еᣬһ·ţٻ˵Ѽʰһ¾ȥѧУ
ſĿңȻˮ
վסܣԵġ
ҸߵѧУڴ󺰴еģһͷһСᳯ߿񱼶һɱŮˡ
ȷе˵ӦŮ̷һװģ׷ߺšա
ǣǮտһ
·ϵ˶׷׶ܣֲ̿
һи̷СһֻڻŻŵӴܣҺܿˡ
ҿѧʱ򣬳¶ҵѧѵ飬Ҳ֪ĶǸСᾭߵʱŹȥͰһ¡
Сһǰ˼£һͷԵڵˡһңʱŭĿԲͳ˹
СӶǰɣһСͣһԸҡ
ҶʱеˣԼΪܷ⣬ʵͦյİ֪һҲ򲻹ֻѸٺˡ
̷Сһ˹һȻûסнһŹֱ˲ɵˡ
ء
һ죬̷СҺһǰɹȥˣһͷڵϴ˼
ֻವһ˽ţĿɨǼһһۣ˫ȭգӢˬ
һ£һͻȭˡ
һԾһ߹ȥһ쫷磬žһֱ˦еϣһ£ͨˡ
ĸڣš̷ವһϳһذվ˹ȥ
һԾȥͰ§סˣ˵ܰս㡣
̷ŭɶһ첲ͻҶϡֻһʹһû֡
ŭذ׾ͳˣһҶʱɵˣһƬհס
˵ʱʱ죬ֻѵһذڵˣ̷Һ
һȭϣͷԵˡ
һ˦ƮݵĶ̷һܸëߣսܣùǡ
һĽĿ߹ȥְѰȥһУĸȣȱǮҲضһģ
ŭģź׵СԵӲС㶼֪ǵ˭´αҪȻϡ
лû˵꣬һžˣǻڵϴĺ
вսǰɣӿɲŴģҹ˵
ߣԺӹ﷭ˣӵţ´Ρ̷Уû˵ͼȭͷ׼̱ˣҧгݵתˡ
ΧΧ۵һƬͽкãֺȲʣҿֻա
յɨһۣһֲͷ￴ëߣĸƨǣղŶʲôȥˣ֪֣
Щ˶Цãգ۷׷׵ɢˡ
иŮʱĹˣհѰֵ˵Ժѧע㣬ýУЩ˵ȾϲĹ֡
Ůܸмл˼ˡҿգӣ˵սţȡ
չһЦһ۵ҿⶼС˼СҲֵñ
˵ž͹§ҵĲӣӸҲߣϵζر𣬲֬ζҲǻ㣬һʡ
ôһ§ңǸеԵͲˣҾе飬ƺȫ⡣
Ǹս㣬ղ˺ͷСС˵ĺݻĵ
һ赭дӥİɡ


29 Ժ
ӥ⼸֣Ҳɴ˸սŵʣս㣬ӥﵽʲô֯
հһۣҵļҿӥﶼû˵ɬ¡
˵սɬ˶ǣͲǱ
¸ëߣֲ죬ܰôں˵š
ЩǣΪȻ˰㣬ųʲôˣİɣս㿸ţģˣԺ˭۸ͱţ㡣
ҸЦ˵ллս㿴ң⻰ҲĲˣղǼ˧ˡ
˵һѿ佱յĻû뵽ͻȻüͷˣʲôţ
죬ҵϣиõ졣еЦá
ջȻޣˣ㲻ǿѧ죬ȥԲۣ㵱ʱˣʱ̫Զûڼסˡ
һ亹ľȳҿǼµģôһ˵һǾúΡ
ս㣬ûҾȻѧУˣҡ
һû˵꣬յĵ绰ˣʾҵȻᣬȻ˵绰ҲܣӸյѧУأô˵Ŷһ
չ˵绰ʣղ˵ʲôţ
˵ҪѧУȥϰˣæɡ
ϸëߵϰˣ߰ɸһȥˣˣղɷ˵Ҿߡ
ȥĶأ˵ȥ˾֪ˣȻ
˵ųǰһξ룬ûӣ¡¡һһĻˣһɲڵһӡӣȻֹ
սͷӸңһŬϳ
еܳеСæȥ˵սĳ㲻ͷ
ǰղ׷ǮӣҰѳ·ˣˡ˵žšţһʹ˳ȥ
ҶûüȣӳһЩԵˡ
ջͷһۣôƵģûĦг
ҲЦЦæ§סռӴžͳ·
İ߹һĨϦϼӳյգҵУƮݵĶ̷ɣͣɨҵͷϡ
ҽŵ§յͬһӯ·˾ȵĿУĦгų·񱼵˰ңһ·ԽЩСγ
ѧУԶĵطĦгһͣ˺ߵһǰͣ
ˬɣһ˦˳ڹĶͷǰһͷͷҡ
ЩκģҳôûôĦгҰͷȡɫѾɷˣһʱŵ˵Ļð
ҲܣǸ˻չЦָָʾҸϡ
ҡҡλεĸգͣ˲ٵĸͻвٵĺֺܳģ졣
ۼһȺŮһ£ֻǴ˸ģ³üﶼ§Ż֦չŮű¶εεġէһȥһȺӸС񻶵ġ
ս㣬ս㡭
һȥЩ̶עˣǱһ㣬߹ȺҶڸк
ļһǸһԴȻиһ֧˵սôٵˣһҪȵ㣬Ѿˣȥˣ
Ҳܣ·µ˵ʱ䣬ǵҸëߣҪȥ氡һ̣һƶ
ʱüȥô£պǼ򵥽˽ǶһƬ
˰ɣȥɣ컹ҰɵġһŶŻ󣬴һƤ֣Ѵкһ䡣
ҿǶΧ˵Цĳߣе㲻֪룬оԼر𲻺ȺҪҪȥ
СվĶëߣɵһջͷҺһ
ŶһæСܽȥ
ǸСɵĿ˿ңʵҲܣսСĸôûм
òսҵСѰɣ̫˵㣬Ķܵս㣿˿Ц˶ȻЦ
հһۣ§ҵļԲۣʲôʱ򿴼ˣƷսһϡ
˵§ҵļܣ죬Ȼ˵㣬ǸղžӥˣԺ͹ˡ
ҿ԰һ˵ž͸ҵһƣȻͷ͸ˡ
֣˵ҲȾư治˼
ҲܣĶ˲ȾƵģ𡣡ɴߴٵ
ҺΪѣСʱ;ҵҵ˾ϲңҿ˵ǵξƲմģҾúȾƲʲô顣
ռҺԥ˵治ܺȣҺεصͷ
ն˵Ͷҵľƣͷһӿ˵ܣ˭ȸҺȣСһǸѧΪˡ
սҲ̫˰ɣ˭Ҹƴƣô˵ҲǸˣҪҿɣҸ˵žԱ˸ŮֱԱˣ˵ȥ
ҿŮεεģͿ֬ĨۣһΧأһȹ׻ĸ첲ȷˡϴ˴һҶϡ
磬úһ⽿Ů˵ŸҸۣͿָƱߵݹ
ˣһôհ㣬ô˵սġ˵ŰѾƱϿ˼£Ӷľͺȸˡ
˶壬ҿգһ߳һ߿ңһҾظӣƺֵˣҶӡ
ҿͣ㣬ȹиëãѰģɨһ˸ͷ
һЦָұϵĽŮҿɣһӾһ
һ㶣û뵽ǽŮһЦֱĿڵĹص磬Ϊ˱ʾҵĳ⣬


30 ̯ϴ¶
ʱһƬöŴڣȤζĿǸŮ˹ء
е㲻֪룬һǵһοô̼ıݣҪ˵ûӦǼٵġ
꣬ҵʱе죬е٣ĿԱߵӰĹ
ܰףܴ󣬻кĹֻ֣ǡ
ôһСأҵʱˣûϢ͡
Ǻǣ磬Ϳ𣿺ŮЦĻ֦ҲģǼ¶ҵļ򣬻΢΢伸£Ʊֵݸˡ
Բۣ磬˾͸ˣǿûôõĸɴ屭ѹˡ塣
ҿ˿գƺĲɣ˵Ѿֲˣ
ҺȡҽӹƱһһ룬ȴôҲ̲ȥˣ۵һ˳ǽŮһּĶܣǾƻǴİ𪲱»Сˡ
գǹİɣ뿴˼ҲøһаɣɹЦţҲЦͣģǸŮæȥֽϲ
Ҿѿˣ޲Ҹطȥˣܵķӿһͨġ
չҵıԹҲܣɵȲǣܺȾͱȣװʲôȡ
죬Ǻһץ˵սҲܶˡ
㶣ֽϴĲ˼ѣһҿЦһԵЦë߰ǣܺЦ
ôһ˵ҶˣȻĿʼȾƣ˵˸質Ŀţһźġ
û°磬֧̰ɣɹңݸһ̡֧
ҡҡ˵Ҳأлл
Բۣ㶺ӰɣȾƻأͣӡ˵Űָҵˡ
ճ̵ʱôᣬҲһڣʱǱסһܼˣǺٴοԲֳֹˡ
꣬ҵÿø̴રવĳ飬ôͿôأΪëҾͲأһٳһڣֱӴˡ
Цҡҡͷھ޴гպս㣬Сܲаöѵ
һưƿˣȥģԶøȥ˭涨Ҫ̺ȾƵģ
ҺĿһۣҾҽӡ
հùȥ˵˾ʲô̫û
Ҹ˵ʲôأͻȻصһ죬ű߿ˡ
һδ󺺳ſڣһϺԵģСӳˣС㡣
һ£ˢˢվſߡ
ҲԵģƾʲôҪǿС㣬ѡɲͷ
СӻҶ죬Ū㡣Ǵ󺺻䣬һžڰˡ
ɷӦٶȻȽϿ죬һȥˣ˳ֳ˸ƿֱӳǱδ˹ȥҲæžͰǺӸ߳ȥˡ
һ²㵹ˣŭָ˵Сб¸ӵš
бɲΪȻǺֵˣͷкûˣ棬һɵȡ
ҵʱĿɿڴģеңҲ̫˰ɡҿ˿գµİ뿿ɳϣʲôûзƵġ
һȺ˺ȵĻ찵صģĶе§ŮҡڣǺŽƣǶŶ˵Ļ
ң˵С㻹治棬ȳɣûʲô˼
ҿǣҵͷ˵ãʵҲ̫ϰĵطѬ죬ʵе㲻Ӧ
˸кҳȥˣ§ҵļ˵ôˬˬ
ҿɬһЦ˵аɣǰûԹء˵սԺĻˣⶼ¡
Ҹ˵ʲôͻȻͣסˣ۾ؿſڡ˳Ŀ⳯⿴ֻʮСĳ˻Źɱڵĳӿ
ߡһЩˣҳߣȥһŰ߿ˣˣ鷳ˣһ㡣
þ̳ʱȺѾˣſΧ˸ˮйͨ
ǸδУָŰɵСӣĸڡ
䣬һȺСֱӳˣߵǼŮŵļ׷׶ܡ
ɲûޣȥ˸ӳС͸
һûлиСһžϣһӾԵȥ
һְֻҷˣ˳һȥĿĶųᣬȵϽ
˵꣬һȥһһСԴϣǻˣһĻߣֵһ
󣬿ֳһƬңе㲻֪ˡԷʮˣȻҲ٣ɶѧ˰ɺܴ㣬ļ񲻶ãû¹ʤѾˡ
ʱҿиСպ͵Ϯ鼱֮³Աߵ˸ӣҼͳСıһ£ǻ㶻ͷһңһ߹ˡ
æˣ͵ˣС׷Ҳţֹץңİɨȫң첲һҵİӾͷˣҺܿͱ˵ȵĽˡ
Сצľͳ˹ʱմӱ˹һžͰСߵڵϡŭһǽô
žһиСվһȭͷԿһƫǣ˪ĶǸˣȥ;ס죬һˤһһͷڵˡ
áճҺһתҪȥæȴͻȻ˻
ֻǱ߼ȫûˣ˵ĵһƬˡʣµļСᳯҺߺųˡ


31 ¸
΢΢һ㶣ȭͷ˼ҵţһߣȻӭȥ
ԵģһСôܴ򣬸δŰӣָСᣬצĹȥܿͰհΧˡ
֪ܴ򣬿ղ˻ֻ̫ܿм֮ûл֮ˣˣһֱ˵ǽǣʮֻȭųһΧȥ
ڻпձҡҡλεģŭڵϼ˸ӣһĳȥҵ۾һͨңʹ˻
ǺȻһ̫ˣû¾ͱһСһߵڵˣҸҪͱСŤס˸첲Ĳ˵ϡ
ȥգҲŤסˣȻȴ޼¡֪ȥˣ϶ϵĻӣˡ
С㻹ͦǿģԵİ·ˣϳȥδ󺺺һ
С̳չȥĦȭƵľҪֶš
ҿ񺰵𣬲Ӹƴˡ
žžһСͷľ͸Ҽƣҵݺݵ˵ԣѱ˻£ȥ
˵һȭͷͱҶϣҵʱ̱ȥˡ
ܣſб³սŤһӣһ˫۵ɵϴǻѪ˿һηӡ
СǣÿģѹĿôһС˵žȥյ·
һžˣǼһһڵϱ
պ˼Ȼ
Ӣ¾ͻȻеΣĿһСռƣȻŰӴκᱡ
ۿӶˣͻȻһ𣺡ס֣ˣ
ӣʮֵĻ˲һͷȥһʮĸߴˣһȺԲĺڵ߹ˡ
ɫϾŭһɫƤˣгǿļգǿ첲ϵļ̣ɱ
£¸磡ǸδһʼܲһͷʱĿ࣬ɫҲ԰Щ͵ĽĹȻͷȥ
һ龰Ҳ׷װѶˣæź¸硣
Եģ֪¸磬¸˹űδ󺺾˼ͣǴƨҷţͷġ
Բ¸磬֪δ֧֧˵
¸ɫһ䣬һŹȥδ󺺾Եڵϴ˼˼¶û
ĸ˼㲻֪ӵĳӣ¸ҧгݵغ
ֳʱЩСŵĴҳɿҺա
վã㡣¸ļŰ׻Ŀӣҡָˡ
æܵյĸǰ뿴ô׵ǣҡҡͷʾû£ȻҿվˡҲȺǽվš
δ󺺺ЩСҲʵʵվǽǴͷɥĲҿӺӹȥʼ
һӰ˸ӹ¸£˸̣¸Ŀɨһܡ
һ󺺰ҵĶ˷ҵѧ֤ͼǮˣҸѧ֤һվãһҲҶ
ֹȥգȥһϣʲôûǸŮռӱˣ
Ǻһ㶣ʱŭһȹȥֵסˣȻһϡ
ԲۣӻӡǺӻˣȭͷҪա
æ˵ǸŮġ
ӵһ˵Ůôˣ¸Ĺأʵվס𶯡˵Ҫȥѣ¸纰һҺָָ˵˵˵ô¡
ҺܽŵؿһۣȻη߹ȥֻøԱе£ҳ
¸ƳҺһֳۣǱߵСῴ˿˵ѧɣʵģôǸˣ
ѧôˣ¸㲻ѧ𣿡ûͷûԵ˵һ䣬Ͳ¸硣
ŵĲУæʾ˵ˣ¸
¸µĹһЦиԣе˼
˵¸翴˿ңҶҿ۾ʶ˺󼸲¸˵С¸ѣֲ㡣
սս߹ȥ¸ְѧ֤ùȥƳһۣͻȻɫˣϬҺһ
ҵʱɵˣղȺС¸綼ųһܱ׾ٵ
죿¸ҡ
ͷ϶ð亹
ʶ𣿡¸ʡ
һ㶣æ˵ҵôˣ
¸һվüͷһ壬ضҡ
һһһӵڵˣϻ̳ϿֵĿ¸硣
¸ͻȻֳ˹æˣʱһƬհס
Ա߿ŲԾһס¸磬˵¸ʲô
һȥ¸һƣվͲ㵹ˣ߹
ҵʱŷˣɫ԰׵Ŀ¸磬һѽҾߡ
һֽţʱճ˵¸ʲô˼
¸ͷƳһۣ˵Щѧˣûӳȥ
Щж˰סˣͰǴȥȻǸδ󺺺СᰤôһʱҺһƬ
£¸磬ңҡ˸ĶɤˣҲ˵Ҳ֪Ķ¸ˣƮƮ§ңҴһȻŸˡ
¸ӰһһѿӣȻ˹
ҶʱȦˣҵʱˣôôߣһ˲ܶӵӰ龰Ժܹȱ첲ȵӡ
һ뵽˺ܶ࣬ҵСδ¶ңŮٻҵǻհҵֵܿ
˻ĩʯͷĩٿǮѣʯͷϴֽǮ


32 ڶԭ
Ƕ¸Ŀӣࡣ
սսģһƨɵɳϣֽŶе㶶ˣϻ̳ϿֵĿ¸硣
¸ĿӣǶЩͷˣмطȱڣЩˡ
𣿡¸ҡ
ûֻµĻش
¸ͻȻӳҵ˹ŵһۣŵ˵
ţҿ¸ЩС
ɣʲôСĽӹȥŷֺܳأһѵһӵˡ
¸ͻȻЦһҡҡͷʧӣ˵
æú޴룬˵¸Ҫʹңɱˡ
ʲô¸ɻؿңͻȻͷЦ˵ʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
ұЦĻս˵¸⵽ʲô˼
¸µĿңҵļõĶӣ
ҵͷ˵ǵôˣ
 ¸üͷһ˿˼˵˳еôһҲ񣿡
еȦ˵¸ʶҵ
¸㶣ͻȻ̾˿Ĭ˺һ
һ̷侲Ŀ£ҵֻڶġ
¸ѿ˹ȥǰţȻ
̲¸˵óһ̵ݸҡ
ֵܳлл¸磬Ҳᡣ
ţǶ㣬øʲô¸һ˵
е㻺˵ҵÿ˺ȾƾֵأҪô˯˯
¸һ£˼Ƭ̵ͷˣԺ±ҵ
еţ¸⻰˼ԺҪˣ
һֵ̿
ԣһƬţҲҵģпմͬѧ档¸˵ŵݸһΪȻų溰һһܹ¸ҡ
æ˵ˣлл¸ˡȻҾһ˳ȥʱһ¡
Բۣûһҳ̹§ҵĲӣҿ˿ңҵӡ
ҵͷ֪˵ʲôã˵սǻѧУɣ
ҿҲûߣΧôеûعֻǵͷҡͷ
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ʯͷٶȳĩһ
ͨһʯͷһͷԵˣʱһƬꡣ
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Ϊ֮Ҫĩ˵תʯͷߡ
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˶ĩĿת˵
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ҿ¶
¶һŮɢһȺԶĸţ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˽һ˷ܺͿһȺƨ档
ǣǸŮУУһȫմ⡣ʯͷһְŴӣһָָ㡣
ĩ΢΢һЦ˵ԲӣǽҶʻ໥ӳŸܳ˶
ƨûϢҲмһˣŤͷÿ¶
ңҲǣǡʯͷһʱҲҵĻԽˣĩʾĩ
Բ˵ᣬʮЦٲߡĩҡ˵
ʯͷͷ˵˵ĺãһ֣žһӵ
һЦ˵ӱκ˶˽¶һЫˡ
ţƤͺʶһʯͷӵְŴ
ҿûһܣ¶ҵδޡһż˵˳
ĩһ㶣Ӷʱˣʯͷһͷ˶һۣȻɵؿҡ


33 ۸¶
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¶һҫ۵ǣʲôأһ۵Ƕ㲻ϡ
ϰֹ죬ȻĲе¶ļҡ
Ϊʲôǰȷ뵽¶ǰڲһˡ
ȥʱһſվڣ쿴ңȻЦЦ꣬ޱЦȿ޻ѿ֪ǼûС
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һҵĻЦȻֹƯˡ
ո˵ʲô¶ҧ촽ԲĶҡ
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죬޳ܵĻ쵰졣¶ܻŶ䣬ظһ߸ߡ
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׼ֱ֮ǰһѽסˣ˳һ
¶һ͵ҵĻץߵģ˵ɿ
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һ󵭵ķ˱ǶŴԳģҶʱˡ
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34 
ӣҹȥ¶Ĺĵģеˡ
Ұңذһ߻̨һЦ˵һҿ
㣬ȥ¶һţתҪߡ
һס˵û˵أøҰĦ
Σҡ¶˵žָҡ
æɿҼתܷȥˣصһŸˡ
Цˣɳһ߿ŵӣһ߳Ų輸ϵˮ
꣬ԭĶóˮ¶ҳʺͲˡ

СܳŵӽлȻңƺ˵ҪƬ
˵ȥϱȥﳳӡ
С㶣ܹҵĿȣͷ
յģȻÿɫŮǿˡ
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¶ȻҲˣѽһлȾͳܡ


35 
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СǲһҽŵҾ֮ԱǣΪһƱʦڵ
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յĿ˻ӣȴ滹ֺģе̲סˣʹӴ¿
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ҳԾǣ¶ȻԶˮԱ߳濴ѵһ顣
ǧСҲΪʱ򣬿ѵá
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36 ɻ
˵ʲôѽС㣬ѧǶϿأǹȥ˵𣿡ٻü΢壬ҧź촽
Եúܿ꣬ݺݵصٻһۣŭٸҷϻˣĸΪʲôĵ绰
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ҵͷĩȥٻ˵ڿϰɣ˵Сųȥˡ
е㲻ģ͸Ͻ˳ȥҿٻܵ칫ȥˡ
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ҷļе㶶æȥ˵ʦû°ɣ
ٻһ£תͷƯ۾ˮʣϽͷȥֲ˲


37 ׺䶥
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ٻе㾪ȣ˵ؽҰɣʦû¡
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ĶУҿû˯áٻּװ۾
ΪǸ˶Ѱɣ֪ôе
ٻҡҡͷ૵Ųأֻ׷ҡ
ԼǹֿӰԷ𣿻ʶˣһ˼⡣
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˵ʦҶʮˣٵҼꡣ
ٻһ£˵˵ˣȥѧϰɡ
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ԣԲۣǸղŸɼˣ¿κʯͷҺĩˣȥʳõʱĩ򵥵˵£ɺܼ
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ȻܣʳҪʯͷϽġĩ˵ʯͷԿһӣųʳߡ
ʯͷͷͻȻһָ㣬ǿ
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˭˭ҵģվ֣ŲԿǣŭĺš¶æȥ·


38 
ȺʱһƬɧңҶĴ˭ҵġ
ҲʶĿ˿ܶ˶ڿߡ
죬ɵȳǲҵģ¶ܿͷңָָ
ҵʱͻˣҳȥ˵ֻ۾ҵģ
Ծ㣬ӿǴǱ߷ɳģ㻹Ʊ磿¶ݺݵغ
֣Ų·ɵĶңŭ˻˵ʵˣĻϸҿԵʲôûӸ¶ʱ䡣
֣ŲĲôţҵʱǣҿ˿¶Ҳңƺڻң˵ϵ飬ںҡ
֤ô㲻ɣƾëӣͷܲ˵
С˵ϴûǰɣ㻹ӲŪ㡣֣Ų˵žĦȭƣҪҡ
֣ŲĵȻ¶һ߹ҵǲҵģ
ҵʱջҾ¶ǲңҲѹ֣֣ŲģǰʲôأȻлԼͲں
ο飬һˣңͲôҡ
ôԼ˰ɣҾңҸˡҶ˵
в֣Ųĸ¶üܱƵġ
Цһ˵ңҼôҡ
Եģڳǰɣӽ첻㲻ˡ֣Ų˵žҪҡ
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Եģĸҵӣ֣ŲԿǣ񱩵
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Ҷʱʯˣ˵սţȣʵҲţûô׼
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˵ֳ֣ŲĴ˸ֵָҪȻͷ


39 Ҳΰ
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ұֻ̽һµģ¶ȻͷЬӣ΢ľߵɳˡ


40 
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41 ԩ·խ
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˵ģҶӶˣϿԳҹġ
ڣҹŰɵһ·߻ƣǸ»ҰĿš
߰ɣ߰ɣҪѧԼ߰ɣ߰ɣ⾭ʹ߰ɣ߰ΪԼѰһҡ
֪ļڲ׸ˡ
꣬һαߵı¶ϳˣ²塣
뵽¶ǰˮͻȻôҰǴһͷԵ£ˤұˣ⧲
紵쬵ģҶʱûżƤ
ұŸ첲·ߣԼӰӣҶԼ˵һɵȣôͱ¶ԻأӱСˣ
¡¡
һ̶һ꣬װɣ
ʶĿ˿ҹлϵ·ҲţǴĦгġ
⼸ĦгХųּۣŰӵĺӣһ߻غţббģȴȻô˷ܵ˦¡
Ħгȥһ磬ŨҵľǺȸˡ
޵һ·ʱиӳһ̵ϡ
֪ǹģæعͷȥװû¡ĸȣһȺӣûǣ񾭲
Ҹô룬ͻȻǼĦгк¡¡Ŀ˻ľͣԱˡ
һ飬ԲЩ˲˰ɣ˵ġ
Сӣعͷŭһ
սսģĪҪ٣ӻ¾ʣ¿ˣҪȥ
һͷһһϤףһͷĺӣ⣬ϹŽӣŭĵҡ
꣬ԩ·խⲻǸʲôӥĹͷ
˵ôеС˵ͷĹͷҺҲζĿңһԶҵӡ
Ⱦܡ
ʲôЦֲɵӣ⻹ԵҪ
СյģվͷзӦܵ÷ɿ죬Ħг׷ҡ
·ŽѾӿ񱼣Ķɤˡ
ͷĦгں׷ңƵģͣţܣСӣŪ㣬
ܵģۿǾһգ۵ҰͲԼȡ
Ƴۿ·һӣ¾ǺˣһķˣʹбµϻȥֻƨǰƵģĵһۡ
ȥһѾ˼ˣĶô࣬ź߼񱼡
һƨӵڰʱǸʲô
ʵë鶼ûУ֪Ҫܿ㡣
ͷ׷µ棬ӵĦгವˡ
һͷһξ룬ôǣǵûԶǰ󺺴Ħг·סҡ
ڣҽˡ
ܰСӣ㲻Ǻ𣿡ͷв˦Ű߹ߵ˷׷ҿ£
һɾųµϳ壬ȴһһֱˤڵˡ
ҴˤƤģʱ򣬹ͷһˣĵĳˣ˺ߵˣһˮĴҵļ
Ǵһپ˰ɣôġ֪ڽӣͼ
ͷк˶һۣЦӣСӶû˼ӣһǸ椽ʲô֣ʲôģҪ˵Ҿ㡣
Ҳ֪Щʲôأһ˵һѰ˼֮ƣͷе˼ôңǿٻˡ
žһƣͷȹݺݵ˵ӳԣʵ˵ֻҪҺˬˣٺ١
ľҵһҼֱܡ
ʲô֪֪Ҳ㣬бӡҵʱŭˣֵúйٻôãҲ
ͷ磬С˵ʲôɫơһ˵ವһͳһѵӣһұƽҵϾ˹


42 ׳־
ۿǺӾŵӳˣһţʶ̧һ¡
ҡһ£ʱƫˣҵĸ첲ϻȥƤ⡣
Ҳ˲ʹˣתˣһ
ͨ
һͷԵˮˣҹĺˮ쬵ģ˲
ȻҲ˲ôˣһӾȥˮпš
ǰ˵ˣСʱˮԲҸˮʱ򣬷밶ѾʮԶˡ
ͷǼתֵĺҡ
ʱһڰܲڣˮҵ磬Сʱһ٣Ҿ͸Сǵǰһݾһ졣
˵׷ӰʱȻˮܱ䣬Ȼεĺܻһ߲ˮһ߳ơ
ĸڵģͷ磬ȥСӡһӺܲˮæ˻ȥ˵յˮü죬СյĿ϶һˮ档
ͷҧгݵĿңС˵бŪ㡣
˵б׷Ӱ˵Żˮ˻ȥıˡ
ҿ˿ǱߣҹɫãһҲͷˮϳǰյҿҼǰҪȻڿ϶Ҫ⼸Ӹĥˡ
еƮƮʱͻȻ¡¡ĺҳԾĳһ
Ҷʱɵˣû뵽ͷǿСͧˣ˻ҽˡ
ҳһۣһڸԶϰģ˼֣Ҷʱˡ
С˵ܰԵĺܻǲǰΡͷ˿ͧһͣǰһǺõģһ˹
һżһӾˮˣ͸ģ߿һӰͷܹȥ˻ˮ﷭˼ͷ
ðͷת䳯߳ʱǷֹȷ˴ŴͲרſͧͷоҴ
һżָץסˣͷͧұˮԶƤˮĵӲۣҼʱĶˡ
ھʧƳһۺ棬ͧٴγ֮ǰһˮ
ԲۣĶȥˣϽҰԵǶͷлεģȴҲҵټˣʱ׵ģȥһСһơ
գͷ磬СӸò˰ɣһôͲĴѰš
ͷҲùֵͲĴһָͧͣƽĴĵġ
յӣ˻ãû˿Ͻߣ˭Ҫ˵ȥŪȫҡͷжݺݵĺţǸϽ
ͷ磬ⲻŪ˰ɣô죿һе㵣ĵʡ
Եǲ˵Ҳ˵ĸ֪Ҫ־͹Сֻ̣ûдʵ椵Ϣϧһ㡣ͷЩź˵
ͷģƺЩɵϽȥͧ˴ϰ壬ҴҵĦгŹͷˡ
ҴӺˮеˮݴðͷڵش˼ŰǼɳ۵ĦгȻ¡
ˮ䣬Ȼֻм·ǵε˰ߣѾƣˣ˲ţҲ֪˶ãҲŻ
һҹϮҴ˸磬
Ŀгĺɫ֮УȻƹ˸ȴһʱ䲻֪ȥδӡ
¶Ѿ׵˾ĸˣѧУֻѾ˴ˡ
ҹҪȥĶס⡣
վ·ߣŰӻڵˮһİĳС
һͻȻӿһ׳־ҲҪĵˣҪı䡣
Ҫ֤¶˿ҲǸ˻ҲԺǿ
ء
ٻʱ鷿ΣЩɻߵźϸ˭ѽ
ʦ졣ҺһЩĿſϣһ벻õȥˡھʱԼܺõǸˡ
ٻſҵǱɾȵסС죬ŵؿҡ
ôѽٻæҡ
ӷһ̱Ļ촽µ˵ʦҺ䣬硭
˵źݺݵش˸磬ŵٻæң̽ȥһˣæҵˮ
ҽӹȥʱһ豭͵ˣݻڴܡ
ڷհɣٻһҵĶͷͲһģüǵġ
ǿջЦ˵û£ʦ鷳ˡ
ٻ룬Ͻȥϴ䣬ˮ£˵øϽϴˮ裬ȥ·
ҵͷվڻ£žԼɫ԰촽ɫϻжദֱ࣬˲˹
ϴ·Ŵɣٻţŷݹ·
һ˯£еһů
һ˳ҿٻڳŽ
ȥţ϶Ǹðˡٻæҽķ䣬ĴϣѱӸҸˡ
Ĳ֪˵ʲôãҿٻææģȻôƯᣬҳô󣬴û˶չ˹һҾ۾ġ
˰ɣȻ˯һٻڵĽ
Һһͷ˵ʦе̡
ٻ˹ȥǺ촽ţȻιҺȡ
ҿˮģеҶʱɵɵģ᲻ĵ
ѽôѽǲǲأٻˣæһҵĶͷͲϽȥһ¶ȼƹҪ¡
͵͵ذˣ˵ʦû£̫˵㡣
ٻִ£˿˵е㷢ˣϢ
ȻͰһԱţһ߿һչҡ
һǵȷ̫ˣԺ˯ˣͻȻ˵ź
ٻˣһҵЩ
ͻȻͱңҶ˵£ʦزµġ


43 ֮
ʶģУܵٻůĻϰٺϻķ㣬ʱͰ
ҺͿ§ﹰ¡
ٻЩߣǸǵģǾۺϧ
ҵļʱʱҵĶͷһ̾Ϣ
ҾЩԺһٻϹ顣
ʦôˣԲ𡣡æЩŵؿҾҿ϶ðˡ
ٻͷȥ˲۾ϸ˵ûأ˯ɣڷء
ҡҡͷ˵ʦҺǿ׳ģ㶼¡˵ŻԼš
ٻ΢΢һЦ˵Ӳˣʦʲôˣ
һ㶣һʱ䲻֪Ӻ˵ǵģҸøٻҺ¶𣿻ӦøӥǸͷлĴ⣿
һСĵˣûطȥֻʦ֪ɺǣǿ
ٻ㶣˵ôǵǸƺˣϰǻȥ
ûмңֻǽҵݼҺε˵
ôƺأݶ֪𣿡ٻɻʡ
¶ģ˵ʦҲ˵¿
ٻһͷȰðɣúϢٸʦɣ
ʦأĶϢҿٻһҶѣ˵Ҫ˯ɳɣ
ٻ˵ʲôֻˣ˿͹ҵˡ
Ϊʲôӵ绰ûشң˯
ǵ绰ǹҵˡ
Һɻʱٵˡ
ٻȥſ˭
űĵžģиſţ㿪š
ҵʱеţǹͷдҵ˰ɣ
ôٻЩԾ
ٻΪʲôҵ绰ǲˣţ̫Ծ
һҵʱеջ쵰ôҹˣ
ǲǺȾˣʲô£ô߰ɣûʲô˵ġٻ˵
ЦһҪٻȴ׼ȥš
ܺɣֱƿٻ˵ʲôǲй
˵žͽˣһͿ˯ڴϵҡ
һ£ʱ߳ŭ첱ӴֵģָҺС˵ô㣬Ӿ֪ٻһȡ
˵žҪٻһӾס
Ǹˣֻҵѧٻּ˵
ѧٻٸװģˣǸˣαҴ˸ţΪϹҿС˵Сɣҧгݵŭ
ٻֱţ˵˵ûУôң
㣿һӻƷӽͰСˡ˵žʹƿٻڵĳȥһѲ˵͹ˡ
ٻһֽţȥ˵񾭲ѽ㲻Ҫɵ¡
Ѿ߳ŭˣһưٻƵĵڵˣ;Ų˵ҺС˵Ҫ㣬ȻٻĴˣҪŪ㡣
ҵʱͷԻģЩҡεŴվţҺܷŭ˵Ҳԣ㹷յѣб¿ӣӾͺʦˣô
ȵĳǰɣӶ㡣˵Źһžˡ
ұͺ赲ס˼£ֱӵˡ
ס֣ߣ˷ˡٻܻغ
ûҪɱԹŮ˵ţ;Ų˵߹
ͼۿĲ˵Ϳˡ
ء
һ죬ӻε£Ͻʵİһƹͷһ
ٻϰѣЩĵɴ۾ʶĺһ
ǣӣΪСӣŭĿԲɵĺ
㣬㲻ܴѧϣ侲㡣ٻЩ£ɫ԰ס
ô侲ҿǼһҽ쵹ҪŮϵ׳ʲô˵Żͷ˹ȥֱӰٻϰѴˣһƾͰƵڵˡ
ȥҪ˺ٻ·ŵٻæҵĶš
ҲԵģſʦͷתڶٻֶŵģƳۿͷĵӣ˹ȥ
ѵ
þȫԴϣӶɢˡ
ٻһУĿɿڴ͡
һԿǣѾͷѪˣָָңĿ¶׹⣬ſٻҪԸҡ
žһҽĵȺֳͷһ¡
һ˷ۣζһͷԵڵˡ
ҿһ˹ȥϾŰصᣬʱѪɽ
۸ʦŪ㣬Ū㡭Ҳ֪˶£ֱٻסңҲŶѪܵĵȡ
ˣôˣٻɫ԰ףĻҵĿҧ촽
˰ɣҴڵشһϵѪ˵ʦû°ɣ
ٻҡҡͷңĵ˵
˵ûУѪ
ٻ㶣˵㿴ôˣ
ҿһڵϣͷϻѪһ
ҵʱеˣֹȥ̽ıϢһĳţܹҺٻ
ôˣٻϻ̳Ͽֵģóܾĺܽš
ûˣô죿ûܵϢ˰أô׾˰ɣ
⡭ٻĲУҲæ鿴Ȼ۾ɵĴĻͷңһľš


44 У԰
𣿡ٻһ׶ûС
ٻһӵڵϣҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ôŪء
ҵʱҲˣҲʮ꣬ɱˣⱲӾ군ˡ
ҷٻҲֽ޴ģڵϣ촽Щ
Ҳ֪˶ãҲһӣҲһСʱ֮ʱ൱
Һٻ˭Ҳû˵ﾲĿ£ü˴˵ĺ
ʦҪɣ˵ɱġһ˵
ٻգգ۾ҺһҡͷУ˵ģҵĴ֪ҾͲţҲʶӦе
ʦδˣӦò̵ģͲһˣôƯӦüһˡû뵽һ˵ҵﻰھʱǱֵЩ쳣
˵ˣʦôôھͱٻ˵žó绰ֶڷˡ
ֱӰѵ绰˹ܼᶨ˵ʦ˵ҳôֻˣûʲôܹģǱҴģס
ˣѵ绰ùٻÿֹᡣ
Ҳŵ绰㿪˵ʦˣΨһΪ£ҸطｻҴ
ٻסˣˮջ䣬˵֪˵ʲô
ʦҽҲҾ֪Ҫ㣬һֱǸҷǸ˻Ϊ¸һΰɣҺܼڷ
˵ⷬҾ泩ˣǵģԸΪٻκ飬ҵʱôġ
Ҳ£Ҳ֪ߵغ񣬲֪ڼζȹʲô
٣ҵʱηģֻΪٻ
ٻ޵ĸˣͣĨᣬĿҴ绰ֹǸ
ҿʼˣұķ֣Ҳ֪ٻ
ʵʮ֮ǰûʲôֻҾסˣ֪Դ绰
ٻһưֻĵˣҪȥ§ҲҶ
˾ʱһƺߴӵϴ˹
㶣һ֪ʲôʱˣԿͷʹ
ٻȻҲע⵽ˣؽһΪթʬˡ
ʦûûҲ֪ϲǼҿҡҡλεվˣæٻ˳ֳһ
㣬û°ɣٻСغ
㣬ǣܡһָǣһͷ۵ֻüͷ
ĵӽŵ˵ôҶ㡣
ʵƣеˣ湻ģղǶ˵ġ
û뵽ôһ֣ŵĳһ£߷߲ƽľ֣һԹŮӵţʰǡ
ӹб򡣡ҲģƵĺţӡ
˼ɣĵĴųȥˣ¥ϵĽŲнԶ
æܹȥŸȻŴ⿴·һ뿪ˡ
һһͷٻǽŵϵһ̲Ѫһĺ¡
ҹҼ¡
ҺٻʰӵʱֻڶɨϰѶòȡ
Ҳһ̣ͻȻʶˮŮˣǶôҪһúõı
ҪΪǸܱˡ
ڶϣʱٻѾͣһһ·
ָ£ҵˣüЦġ
ҺһȥѧУϣ·ܹһЩ
ȥ칫ңĿıӰ˺һ
죬磬۾ˡʯͷͻȻܳסҵĲӣһ
һͷĩҲڣͦŶӿųĳ۾ź⡣
ҰʯͷƿˣҶĩ˵װʲôأ
Ҳڹ۲󡣡ĩװģҡӵ
ȥķһţ˵㲻װȻ
ȻᣬԴʳ¼֮ǳ˺ܶࡣĩ˼˵
룬ʲô磬ӲͣʯͷŰۿĩһ
Բӣʱо̣ʲôĩҧĽֵ
ʯͷͷܲؿҡ
˵˵˻
бһƻĩɷнµ˵
ôʵʩӣԸǻ죿ʡ
ĩವһóһͼֽʯͷӻ֣ʯͷ׳ı
ĩͼֽ̯ʯͷıϣ˵
Ҵչȥƣһ˵ŶⲻѧУ¥ʾͼ
ٿ½ۡĩָָ
ҵͷȥֻע㣬һڵ㡣ҡͷ˵ʲô˼
ǵΧһǰ˰࣬һʯͷĶ࣬ڵ֣Ųĵİࡣĩ͵
ָָ׵˵Щʲô
δ֪Ŀǰǳ֣Ų֣ĩ˵
˵Ǹʲô˼
ĩ˵գԳΪǵѾ
ҵͷĩЦеģ˵иã˵ĶǷϻͼֽܴӮ֣Ųģ
Ҳֻһ䣬ڵľôĩҡ
㶣ǴǰһΪĩں˵˵һһЦֻ֮Լ۸ҹĹ·ظܵԼôСôΪ
ǿҲôˡ˵
ܺãѾ־ˣν־ߣ־ջꡣ뵽ĿģҪľ¸һ꼶ĩĵ˵
˵ô£ƾ⼸ˣ
ĩҡҡӣ鰺˵ǧ佫ֻйˣȻܹͲܲȨγ㶦֮ƣⵯ֮صһǸֺҳݣԡ
򵥵㣬Ҫ˵Ұһۡ
֮ܶھ͸ʱĴһӣһ߶͸ƣֻȴ֣Ųģ¸һ߶൱ȨǾͬܲٵ
ûĩִ꣬ˣ˵·ϻˣ㵽˵ʲô
ͼֽЩհ׵ѧУ԰ɣˣѧУĸ߶͸ڡĩҪָŵͼ̸ʯͷͻȻվͼֽˡ
ңҲܣӵıˡʯͷ˷ۡ


45 
ĩЩѵľŴμͼֲֽĵ˵Ҫǿ󣬾ҪҵļƻͰ躹ޣȻ֣Ųľһսڸһﵶ
ϣϼѻԣʲôʯͷĩĲӣһڴ
˵ĩѶûˣжأ
ñƣֻҪռƻѭ򽥽ɡĩгһƿʯͷ
˵ܣܲ˵˻ʲôƻ
Ǯĩ˷ཱུ֡
Ҷʱʯˣ˵ûãĶ
ͣǣͻûԱءʯͷԲĹĵĶӣ˸á
رһۣ˵ǻжǮ
ĩڶһ£óһöӲҵ˶ѡ
գûˣбϻһиëãЩЦá
ĩеε˵ʯͷ̫佫ףһһϡԡ
ΪʲôϡҲĩʯͷ
ʯͷٺһЦΪΪϡҪǮ뻹һ룬ϰ壬á
ܲ𣿡ͻȻЩ
Ϣŭ㲻иǮȥһ㣬гһǷˣټӱҲ١ĩ
ôһ˵Ҿ¶ҵľ飬ֵĿһŭڡ
Ժʲôݣ˾ͷ
ʯͷ㶣ͷĩ
ĩɫͻȻѿҲЦˣ˵ûǮ취˫ˣһؼһˣ¸ڵĻʳţΣ
ҵͷû˵תȥˡ
죬緢ˡʯͷЦһ
£һСǳı֣һǻ¡ĩ˵ҡӡ
һ죬ҶеĲɵģֵǳ¶ǾȻҲû鷳
ȵѧҶʰʼУˡ
ʯͷе޴룬ʰҾԼ֪ȥδӡ
ڲȥĩҡ
ҡͷ˵ҾѧСҼ̫Զˣȥһ˲㡣
бģѾˣʡ˵ģԷʯͷˡĩ˵ҼʮǮ
ҪȥʯͷֻѵһӴϵˣˤ˸˲ģϣŲ֡
գŶⴰʵʯͷһ
ĩѸٵܹȥѴװȥԹ˭ûģѧУ֪˾ƻƲǿûǮˡ
ʯͷٺһЦƨɣҪȥϰ
ȥޡĩʯͷ첲һ¡
У㣬ûҲܺʹʯͷ˵Űݸңʼʰ
ҿ˵ЦĳȥˣԻؼңվſͻȻе㲻ζ
ͻȻеҵˣҲ֪ǲֺڼ˯
ңҿɵˡʱиϤˣžǷҵĽŲӿ
һƳһƣ¶ż˳ˣ֣Ųġ
ˣһ֪߲ƣ߰˸ˣҿ϶Ҫˡ
Ѿˣæ˨ˣĶں档
顭
¶ʼˣüһš
ĸڣɵӿţͷڹǰɣ¶ֵģš
ģֲǽһ춼ûأԭ÷żٵʱҡ
Ŵ򿪣ұ֤㣬ֻǸ졣֣Ųֺģζ˵
ûǣţϣ޹ܻ֣ᷢʦ
ǵֺģһȻû˹
ÿ֣Ų˵Ҳ֪Ķһשͷ
ҿҪסˣҿ˨ڻš
ѵһ˨͵ˣ漴ųײҵϣһӱײĺ˺ü
ſˣ¶˷׷׳˽
һżȥʯͷһţƵ˵Եӡ
ɵȣһ˰ǸӺǸأˣ¶Ķ޵һ̵˹
ԣбµô˴һʲô¡Ļҵ˵
Ƕÿ֣Ų˵ŷֿȺ߹ӸµĿң˵ɵ뵥û⣬ķڷ
˲֡ҽŵ˵
֣Ųʼ磬һһҡŲӣмǲ֣һһֻ֡
ҿôҶ˵ŰӾͳ˹ȥ
֣ŲķӦٶȺÿ죬һ͹ȥˣһžϣһ²͵ˣǱķŴӣҲˡ
ȥ֣ŲһŹҵϣæ˺üȴһµڵϡ
¶ǹЦһĳ
ɵ뵥۰
ҧվض֣Ųġ
֣ŲһѾסҵ죬ͷľ͸ҼƣȻ§ҵĲӾͳϥϿ˹ȥ
ֵסˣ֣Ųȭͷұңٴڵˡ
֣ŲҼţЦ湻ģѧУѣǰɡ
֣Ų˵ϵı˲֣ת׼뿪
һû䣬ʲôҷŴվһº׵
Բۣ㻹򣿡֣ŲĻˣһ̧žߡ
һ˴ϡҳû§סĴȣʹǰһơ
֣Ųĵûվȣͷȥͨ˯ڵˡ
˳һϣȭͷԿǾһͳ飬žǷűƵģֻ֣Ųĵͷҵҡڡ


46 һϰ
ҷ˿һһ˲֪£һߴһߺԲǺб
֣ŲȭͷͱҵĶӣҾǲ֣ľҼ
ԵĶɵӰæ֣Ųڶסˣһ
¶Żһϣңýңȭͷҡ
Ҿ§֣ŲĵĲӣҶ֮ǣ˺Ƭץҧģ֣ŲķһҺ
ҰҧĳѪˣҲҴһһġ
վʮֻţǱ߷ڵˡ
Եĸ򣬹յĻˣŪ֣ŲĺòŶһֵѪ߳ŭſڵשͷ׼ҵԿǡ
ڻкҵһץϵץסˣî㾢š
վԱߵ˱ȣǳʹ˻ȥ
ҳûһ֣Ųשͷƫˣұϡ
Ҳ˲ˣ˴ϣһȺһΧˡ
ӳҽҩѣҺݺݵش򡣡֣Ų´
¶Żëͳëһˡ
鼱֮°˳ȥһͷһѽת˳ȥ
ų¶ǶܵĻᣬһ˴˳ȥ
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һͷ֣Ų̽ͷҿŭɶĺ׷С˵ˡ
ȾܣҺŮҡ
ʱкüŮŵļŶܣһŲ·ֱײһϡ
ֻĻһɷ㣬æ˵ԲҪܣһֻסˡ
۾Ϲ˰ô㣿ŮеϤһͷһա
ս㣬ɰҿЦЦġ
ƳһۣʵŻܸëߣ蹷ҧˣ
ɵأվסʱ¶˳ˡ
һţҪܣң˵ô£ôָˣ
ûü˵ʲô¶ѾΧˡ
üһӰҵ棬ȥһŹȥ¶ûзӦһϷһͷ
һ߹ȥһֱ˲ˡ
һգ׷ͣ߷߲ƽĵҡ
վˣǣǸŵ𣿡ȭͷڵغ
Щģʱ֣ŲĹˡ
ս㣬ǹɰɵȵǹģÿδӮͳܡ֣Ų˵
˼ҲҪ˵ŰƵ֣Ųĸǰɣ㵱Կ
ҿ֣ŲģҧгݵģȭͷԾԾԵġ
ս㣬ȷһҪ֣֣Ų̬Ȱ
ʲôв֣֣Ų㲻أ㵱Ҳڣջɴۡ
һҪأ֣Ų䲻һ䡣
˵Կ
սѾ㼸ˣαҲһҪ֣ҷ㵽ס֣Ųĺִ֣ͻȻ˼һֵɵȣҶš
ԭΪ֣ŲֻŹҵģû뵽᲻յˡĿų¶ǳæˡ
ء
һܹһߣǰһͷˡһңƵȥ
ǰɣҵȭͷ𲻴Ӧһȭͷ죬˪
¶Թռοеɣһʱ䲻ҶˣҲܾ裬׷׻ͷ֣Ųġ
֣Ųһȥӣó绰һǶ
ûӣʮɱڵĴ˹һӰҺΧסˡ
ҵʱһ֣Ų׼ˡ
ôգ㲻Ҫ㻹ʲôҪ˵֣Ųĵε˵
ҿգҶ˱һٵ׼ˡ
治ɫζЦЦ˵֣Ųģƴǲ
ûκƣܴĹǶʮ֣Ų޿ֵ
һҪأղŲæ˵
֣ŲĹЦ˦˦ͷ֪һкţȣܶ˶㣬ҲˣҸԼҪģ˦ֲɵȻü
ҪȻأհ֣Ųһۡ
ǶԲ˽죬ֻ˺Ƥ֣Ų˵ųˣ̯˫ڨЦš
գ˵ս˰ɣҲ㡣
˻յһۣڿڴﰴһ¡
εһʱ֣ŲǱߵ˳Ǿ£ˡ
һĵһôˣðҿôηЩܵĳ裬ҹҴӱĺˮҿС
ٻЦգڵΡУҵδ¶ҵ䳰ȷ
һ˲ͻȻηˣǰٴǻܰҴ
ԽǵĽԽǻų
Ȼ֪ʲôùǵġ˶Ըôˣ˲ˡ
ս㣬˺󡣡˵վǰɨһˡ
Һһһϰɣ
ҵܻ죬ǰЩ㶣֣Ųؿҡ
ǰװˣҪʹ򡣡һƽ˸һͳȥ
һ亹ͷʱѾΧ˹
ȥһһϣһһȭͷҶˡ
ʱѾȥˣģһ׬һ
ҷƵ§һĲӣӲǰڵˣƾһңҾǲ֡
ʱ˻һžͰǸ߷ˣҳˡ
ǽıƵǽǣһʮΧ˹


47 Ӿ
²£սңȭͷĶǰ
ʮɱڵΧ£ˣǿ򶨵˵¸ԴڴỊ̇ʮһú
㶶ëߣʮ꣬ʮˣĸ첲ײһ£Ƴһۡ
ңûô˵ȴʹҲڴܡ
һڨЦˣûȺܣ
ûأһδôࡣգʱôνЦ
ʱ֣Ųֺͣ߹˵ôս㣬ںڻü֣ȭۣʱ򲻺ÿ
Ƿһ˿ЦŭŬ죬ΪȻ˶˲𣿾˶ࣿ
ռƣԡ֣ŲĻû˵꣬ͱ¶һ¡
֣ŲĻͷһЦݽϡ
ֻ˶ʮˣһɫİɫװһɫ̷һӢˬһĿˮ飬ȴһӿ
һŮѵŮ͸ɱĿŮӡ
ҵˡϷһĨţ
ʦ㣬򲻴򣿡ǶŮǣߺһΧס֣Ųǡ
֣ŲһĬǿԼɵؿЩŮ˵ս㣬ٶȿ湻ģһЩǴ𣿡
򡣡֣Ųģ³һ֣˫ŵŵأ˳ȥһϥǰһ°ͷɳȥԶҺŴ˼
򡭡ǱߵӾһϯɢȺ
Ƕ׼὿ȴɱһȭһаۣ֮
ҶûлͿϺ˵ĵһص໵ĽţĿЩͻŮǣǾֺͲʡ
֪֣ŲǾˣһȺŮˡ
أûжֵĻᣬҸļڵϴˡ
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˲Ǻܶ𣬶гɡ֣Ųһѡ
֣ŲԵúǱǳ鴤һ£֧ս㣬Цα棿
ЦղĻڷƨɣžظ֣Ųһơ
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𣿡ʵ
֣Ųҡҡͷ˵ˣܲġһ߸˧һŮ˴ΪѧУбըԵš
պҡ
ҹȥһѽ֣Ųĸǰ˵ˣԺһͷ
֣Ų㶣ʡԵĻŵˣ֪ҪôԸ
Ӿߺ»һȺ
ԣ㡣ָ˶
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ҿȶ˼£ȭͷǿ򶨡
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٣ҵΪִ
Բۣ¸ˡһͷʱշһĴܽŮˡ
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ս㣬ҪȥĶҿЩŮıӰͷʵ
ȥĶ˵ŴͳĦгԿס
˵ѧУˡ
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ţȥæɡ˵
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ҸϽ§һ˱ǶϺ͡
ĦгѧУ˳·ƺϵĸ߼š
ʱϦ£ϼʱңշ˿裬Ĵҵͷ
ǵһİĵطȷе˵ǵһ
ҿǰż֣̽
ſڣѾ˳ӿ滹ź
ʦ㣬Ҫʼ˰ɣſڵһǶŮ˹
տ˿ʱ䣬ƳһۣѾͷܶźˡ
ٹʮֵǳĶݵˣǿɲöԸأһҶСһ㡣˵
ʦ㣬ʦ㡭һŮ˹Եúܽ
ôӨӨ¿˵ʵ
ʦ˵ˣԼŰ죬ıһҪӮҪȻȥ󡭡ӨӨŮֹСܵĵӡ
պһ£û˵϶ǲ˵ȥǰ
ǣôأӨӨӡ
𣿴ҸϽȥһţҵİš˵ųʹɫʾҸŽȥ
һƬУܶǵķҷö˶ڳ߿ҾȻܵЩ˺Ľؿء
Ҹսȥ󣬿ɽ˺ģڴܣȷе˵Ӧڱ䡣


48 
Χź˷Ƕ˷ܣһи˱ˣ׶
ݶ԰ٻݣ˫ѡָ͸λһֱ̨˷֪ͨ
ˣϣһ仨ˮĦȭƣһ
ʦ㲻ˣʱе飬Ʋ̨ˡʱǸӨӨŮ
üʵôؼʱ̵ӣأ
ڸأô죿ӨӨСʵ
ţȥ˵žͷĸȥˡ
㲥֪ͨˣٻݵĲѡ̨
е㼱ҳ̨ȥһȺ˸СȥˣݵˣһֺػȭͷȺڵĻһƬһЩŮڼ˵˧ޡ
㡣ûһջˣҾߡ
е㲻֪룬˸
ҿһӾŮŶϣԱиŮڷ
·ˣ컻ϡձ˵
Ůҧһ촽̧ͷһۣЩ԰ףͷ亹˵ʦҿ̨ģȥɡ
ϻһѡô죿ǿɲ䣬ʦǸ϶ֲʱǶҪҵİšյĿɣԱߵŮ˵ȥ·ٶȡ
һ£ԱǸнŮȥˣûý׾װˡ
һùݸңһ˦ͷȥϣûʱĥˡ
һ㶣ս㣬Ҳᰡȥ𣿡
˵ֲһѡ㣬ȥոҪȻǲʸҵ˻¼䣬־ͰŹˡ
еĪⲻǸѼϼ𣿵հôæÿζҽΧܰͰɡ
Ұ·ˣ·͸һŮ㣬ȻС˵㣬ǿԴϡ
㰡ΪѡĴš
е㲻ڵ߳ҿѾͨ·ԱߵĽһۣС콿ߵЦЦ
ҺٺһЦͷ𣿡
Ϣһѡˣûѡϵ㡣տһۣ˵Ҿߡ
Ǹս㣬𣿡һһ߻ͷ˿
ˣ治ʱ򡣡еε˵
һʱûף˵ݵȻ겻
װʲôأϽϡհһۣͷһ¡
ʱ㲥ִߴˣǵźУұľ͸̨ˡ
ս㣬Ҳ书һô򡣡еŵʵ
û˵һΪǶʮ˶ԶʮأëıǲǴȺ𣿡˵꿴˿ݵˣһŭ
û㶮ʲô˼һʣ˵վñ𶯣Ҫʼѡˡ
ǿʼѡѡ֣ݹ˫Ҫֱѡˣһ˿ɸƼǩݣƼ˭˵
ҡСУһվ˳䣬ɫڣͷܰ
ٻݣƼ˭ʵ
ҡվ˳ȥη˵
ãһ԰ٻաڿʼǩѡ֣ʼɡ˵ţиԸеŮߵٸǰ¡
һţ飬Ӧòֵ㡣˵һ䣬͵Ⱥϯ׼ˡ
ʱҶΣݵ˿ʼȥǩ
С鵽˶˶ǿհֽȻͷ׷׵ȥ
ʱӨӨһ£˵ˡ
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λѡ֣ôˣǸղ˼ҳġ˵
㶣æָȥ飬Ҵһʱ˰أȻдһ
ѽô鵽ˡӨӨ󼱵һţҧһº촽
鵽ֵĵȺϯȥȥɣڵһֱԿʼ˵ţһ
һͷˮȥʱ򿴼ߣ˿ңдһ˿
һˣ˵žȥˡ
ҵ˵ȺϯһŮЦЦ˵ҽãô鵽ѽ
֪ðɣȥƱġҹɵ˵
𣿡ҡ
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ָָĵȺϯһͷСݵŲ֣³ûϣˡ
ҿ˿ǸŲǸͷҵ⣬ƵؿţһĲмһ˫첲¶϶Ǽӡ
֪ʵ
ţȥǰʮʦܹһʱֱˣñĥ˳رݡõĵ˵
ĺãݱʤʤʱ̨Χ˻Ǳߵ˷쳣
һ̨ϣǸ˾Ȼһţղ͵ˡ
ڵһշֳŵ棬סΡ
ʦ㣬ʦۡԱߵüٻݵӾǶһѺһҧüģһƬ
ҲܽҾȭͷһͺս㣬
öʱߵĿһۣһ֡
εЦЦ˵
ֻʱǸವĴգȭŻ磬һȳվȥ
˵ʱʱ죬ۿնܲͼһ˿һŵؾȻӭ˹ȥ
ǵģ׼ӲӲǺܲϳĴ򷨣ǿƵĽ£Ȼزܣڿ˦һŹȥ
ء
һպҵײһȻѸٵĵˡ
˴̨Ϸ׷׳ˤȥһ꣬Ƕŵվɴ۾


49 ܴܲ
ʦ㡭ٻݵŮ
Ŀմ̨޲ԼǸ˷ɹȥס
ǵպǣֳ״̬һˢˢؿһҿ롣
ԡ
ص˲䣬ĽŹס̨ϵˣС¶˳һҽ𹳣һϣವһһڣȵ̨ϡ
صһһߣˤ̨ӣڵ˼£ҡҡλεȴˣյȭͷŵ棬Ŀ̨ϵա
һֱԣٻʤһ壬յ־
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ʦٻݱʤŮǽϴ˷ܺԺ
ҰһȥɳĴָ
սġ֪˵ôΪ
ڶֱԣٻöɣ俪ʼ죬оλ
ȥˣǸʵСᣬһľȭͷţƵؿá
üͣһҪ£ҪȻһʤҲûСӨӨ˵
õͷСȻһָͦͦʵһġ
֪ЩŮûָҵֱԣʵе㺦£Щ˿ɶרҵģҵĶ㲻ϡ
ϣܹӮñҶϳˣֱʤˡ
ѽõһУһɴˣŸ첲ͨ죬üͷܵӡ
ٻݾûˣɼСŮأɵΣ˿ûп˼ԥĳһ˹ȥ
һ˱ˣһײϣ˽Щ򣬿ˣ·еˡҧ촽ȭͷҪأѸٵĳһɨȡ
áٻݵŮǶۿٴαһţ̨Ϸڼ£صˤڵˡ
˰ɣñˡӨӨĲУ溰
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ٻݣ԰ܡûվ˲ͷ亹ضɣǿ˾η
Цһžʹ˹ȥһȭͷá
һȭٶȼ죬ۿø޷ֵ
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Ϊʲô䣿Ӳ˵
ͷһ£˵Ӹ򲻹Ų˵ҴеԿһ˫ָһһȭͷܴһשѵͷȽӲ
һ͸ˣɬЦս㣬ҪǲǾˡ
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ʦ㣬Ҫ˰ɣȥǼʯͷءӨӨĵ˵
ѽʦ㣬͵ǵù£³ӮŮҲ׷Ȱ˵
룬ҵôܲУֱ˵ˡ
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ֳôڿţֱȨһЦ
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ҿЦãĿ̨ǵľڴ
ҳô󣬴ûбôעӹͻȻһԺȻ
Կٻиˡ
ɲ𣬵һοٻѡֳսģһﲻ򵥡
̨Χǿʼ۷׷׵ģֺڴ
̨Ȼܴ򣬵Ҳư
еģôҲƵģһɱޡŲӸµĿң¶Ц⡣
ǻȭͷ󣬸˺˼
ͷǰļһͷܴһװ˵ĸӣȭͷ죬ҡԴԭСţһ˫ضңڵɱ
иպһ俪ʼһգ۾ͳҸǰˣȭͷҪ
һ¡ͻȻһ
Ųʱͣؿҡ
ЬɢˣԵȡҸЦһϵЬʵʱ䣬С¹ֱײ
ŲŭģҸվ̧žͳ˹
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ŲæͣĽžԿǶϣҶܵǿķˣһƤ
·ûŪãԵȰæһϵĺϲ˲
㵽״򲻴򣿡Ųŭݺݵصҡ
ʱ󺰵ĥˣиҹ˷ͣ㶮
㶣֪˵˼Ϊȫ֪ҳεЦЦ
һСģһͷŲһžؿϣֱӷɳȥԶصˤϣڵϴһ


50 ŮǰΧ
̨¶ʱһƬʧ̾Ϣ
ƨޣԭΪٻɸ˳սиʣû뵽һ
˻ȫϹ㣬һﻹŮأȥɣȥɡ
ҴӵڳҺҷ̵ЦڳӶ˷Ȼϯˡ
ֻĿһʹе㴭ҳٻǱ߿˿ЩŮǶС죬Ŷͷƺֱӡ
ҡҡͷһ֣ںʲôȫ̫ˡ
ವһֻеϮһ硣
һûüǰһӰŲһȭͷԿϣͷһƫˮ³ˣһͷԵڵˡ
ͷǵģ߱ЩģϻģֽҲʼˡ
˵ûŲȭͷͦӲģ֡
ˣɡںҡ
ûͷˣʲô̫ˣȥɡԹ
Ҹǰǰ
һƳۣŲһ˻ţչʾǷļ⣬ҫԵãѾкܶ˿ʼΪˡ
ҶΪӮˣҲվĻ
ǣվˣڲʮʱ
ȻֳֵҶؿҡ
λѡ֣ܴ𣿡ǰ˻Σһƿ֡
ɣӡҶŲɻؿңһζӡ
ֺ˿ʼŲһһɨȹٴ˵ϡ
ŲΧҴתһһ˵ݵǶ硣
û˵ҳŵվ̨ˡ
Բۣ˭ôز¶кϷ
ء
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51 ͷܳ
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52 Ǯ˾ǲһ
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53 ˣ𲻺˼
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54 ֳ
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ұΪһײãһһġһۣһ첲ͰҴڵˡ


55 гҲǳ
ҵˣţŰӾͳ¶߹ȥ
¶ͷŵĻڽһֻСè䡣
һЦĵ棬ವһ¶ȥˡ
ء
һ죬һʷ˹ֱӿĵеĿӣݺݵϣıǿһѪųҲˡ
һҡ£Ŀ˿һͷԵڵˡ
¶նɽվڲԶҺһ˲䣬üӳΧ˹ȥ
ҾʧĿնɽҵһο֡
ұΪһˣͷԺʹӦǸǴ˿ȭ磬磬ȭȭ⣬ڼмţʱкӱɣͬʱи˳ȥ
Ҹ¶Ϳüſӵĺӳ˹
ߡҹ˲ôˣϴק§¶ӵȥˣֳһ㣬ţѵɱҵľһ
꣬ĵӰأǺɬҳӰҪӵСˡ
ҽţ¶Ҹţʼսҧź촽СɷףңץסһƵģҲҳ
ãһӵʱһ˴ſˣ棬ɱһƬ
һͷһƣ갡ʮӳ׷ˡ
ܣ
¶ſڿ񱼣ſڶˣĶ˷Ƶģȿֺߡ
һգŷҺ¶ײɢˣ¶Ķġ
죬Ķ¶æҵĺ
ʶ¶ôãһνҵ֣ǽҴӡ
ҿ˫ۣŻŵΣﺰҵ֣ͻȻͷһȡ
ͻȻٵʱ򣬻˸ıʱ
ҼȺס¶֣һץסҵĸ첲˵ߣҺ¡
û˵һͷЩӿ˾ҿö˶ˣȺӵɢĿ£ˡ
£ءҺװȵ˵һ䣬§¶˳ӵؿһһĳ漷š
ҶĲҽһͷи˵ϰһѪһ
վſŮҪȻŪ㡣һ⣬ݺݵſӳһţڻм˵֮䡣
ǸСһǺ¶ȥˣȻһңҶھʧ
һԭֵᣬһѪȵɱ·ˡ
ߣ㡣§¶һܡ
Ὺ𣿡¶ͻȻҡ
һ˵ʱ򻹿ƨĳ
¶˵㿴ҵĳǹȥܡ
˵ðæ¶ܳǰֶڶԿףȻͷ˵㿪˵žҪȥ
һѽ˵ҲῪĦгأΪ㿪ء
¶ִԿ׶òȣѵˡæͷȥ
ѵ
һѿֱӴͷϷɹȥܳϡ
һͷһ԰˺ö˰һߺűһ߳ӿӡ
һ§¶ڵϴ˼ܡ
¶ŵĻ겻ģһһᣬƯĸ߸ЬֱӶˣŽŶʹüͷ
һ˾ֻʮԶˣû̫࣬һѽ˳һץĸ߸ЬѾӾһ·񱼡
һ˼ʮԶҾͣˣ¶ͷһæһȭ͵˵ܰ׷ˡ
˵ܸë߰Ҫˣܿ϶ܲӮġ
¶˵㲻ǲῪ˵û
ָָԱߵг˵ⲻǳʲô
¶ûֱӽгϣҲ֪ĸùߵͣ˸гȻûǿɧŵˡ
áҺһֱг
¶һҡæ§ҵͷЩں׷ģæ˵ſš
һŤֱӳ˽ֵʱģҲ˲ôˣֱӴ̵ˡ
̴ֵɲи˾ɲ̽ͷһͷһһȺſӳˣŵæͷȥ
˿ֵ̣ϵƻͨǸոսҹ
·˵ЦģͻȻһȺɱڵŵķ׷׶ܣЩ·̯ˣȺɷĺ;Ʒ
˵¶ˣӷҪ˦ǡ
¶æλʱӹվڽ̤ĵȥģÿһʮ·ڣҾѸٵĹ䣬һ·񱼡
ģСˣֻгѵѵĦ
Ҳ֪˶ãҾø첲ȶĲУڰѳͣ˲١
Ǳ˦˰ɣЩػͷȥ꣬¶أλëûС
ҶʱȦˣҳһոȥ¶ڵϣһľʧġ
ôﳵˡ¶Сü΢Թš
ͷ˵ûעⰡɡ
˵Ű¶ܰյűˤ۵ƨ˵ô찡
ҳǰҿ˿˵û׷أ˰ɣҸطȥϢɡ
¶ͷ˵ˮҺÿʡ
Ұгͣˣҿ·иС̵˵Űȥ
£Ǯ𣿡¶ҡ
һڴëûУҡҡͷ˵ûء
¶ڶһźƱӵݸңʱе㼤⻹¶һθǮ
æܹȥˮϰǮʱһͷһۣҶʱɵˡ
¶ܡҳֺţΪҿһԱߵ·ˣüԲĺӣ¶ȥ


56 ˮ
ʱģҺ˼¶û·һ¶Ŀҡ
Ҽұģȥǳ̫ˡ
ۿżɱڵĳ¶˹ȥˣһͷ̵ﳭ˼ƿӾͳǼӾ˹ȥ
ƿ·ըˣǼһ㶻ͷһۣʱ߳ŭ
¶⶯ˣЩˣ̻Ų·
ֻȥƿӣϰסˣϰ˵СǸô°ƿӼëǮһ
˵һǮһӶҪˡ
˵ֳ˼ƿӣҳЩӾͿҹȥ
˸ϰһ߿һȻֹˡ
ʱӱëˣŤͷͳ·߳ˡ
ƿӰȾܣϰں溰СǮ
˰ͷˡҺһ·Ǳһ¶ͿҪ׷ˡ
ҼĲУڳֹȥ鼱֮ҳż˼ƿӹȥ
鼸ڳϣǼһͣĶͣ
ҳûӳವܵ˶棬ЩӺ׷
ʱ·˶ԶԶؿ갡ʱǳͷ԰
¶ǰܣм׷ں׷ҵʱ·˵ԲۣС漸ͰһŸƿ׷ôˣҪĽడ
վסСܲһ׷һߺš
ʱ¶ܲˣϥŵĻʧɫġ
ڵĳ
վţҸϵ׳ŵӺһ䡣
һ㶣ͷһɹЦ
С˵ĸһ˵Ŵҡڵĳ߹
žһֱӽһƿˡ
ԲԵģǺӴϳһӾͳ˹
תܡ
ʲôЦһ϶Ƥҳֿȭô¶
ܰܣҿ·и͹ճСᣬȵģȥһҾһƣ˱ˣӦҧгݵľһ˹
һͷָǼ˵Ҵģ˵ܡ
׷ǰһһͱСסˣĺҽ˴ӣĸ
Ǻһżһ첲ȥǸСͱڵˡС̶ΧǺӾȭߵġ
漸һԾæʱҿһƽͷӰ¶ץסˣڳϡ
鼱֮¿·һͰұͰƵƽͷֱӳԿϿȥƽͷ⧲¶ɿȥȡͷϵͰһϣ¶ܡ
Ե˭ģ˭ģƽͷȡͰĴŷ¶ˣæں׷ǡ
ҿǰӣ¶͹˽ȥ¶һȳһյĽҲŤˣܲ죬ֻñ񱼡
ʷܵԶһΣҵڻ£ҹƶԵֵһˡ
ߣ㡣Ұ¶ˣ󣬴һǽ̽ͷҷֺûˡ
Ҵһǽ˫е㷢
һͷ¶ϻڶģˮʪ͸ˣ˿ϣһ˫ˮĴ۾޾Ŀֻţֻңĳ
ô°Ϊʲôô׷ɱʵ
¶㶣ҧ촽ҡҡͷѹ˵Ҳ֪ں£Ҳ֪Ұְôˣ
ְֻ书Ҹղſˣһ˴ôˣҲܴ򣬹Ʋµģ˵ְֲǻвٱ𣬶һоءҿʼο¶ʱҾرˡ
ǣǡ¶֧һ䣬ͻȻþֲ˵ˡ
һѽոȥЩİôҹˣҪռ
ղǼСᱻˣǼſɱڵĳ߳ˡ
ô죿¶ѾûˣĿҡ
Ҳûˣҹܼӿ϶Ҫݿˡ
ۿԽԽǿԼǻûз֣ǵҸطȥɲǸð취
ҿ˲Զһ׿ĳˮƯһ
ûԥǣ¶־ͳǱܣҹȥʱ˱ǣѬ¡
ӿģ϶⸽ţͷѡһӺţɢԽԽˡ
ô죿¶֪Ŀҡ
ȥ㡣Ҵߴţָָˮ
¶űӣɻĿҡ
ľͲûʱˡҲôֱ࣬§¶˳ˮϡ
¶ĲУſڱ£һǧС㣬ƽʱɨ˵ڳˮˣܵˣɸŻ
æסС죬˵ҵĿҺһһȥ
¶ɴ۾ѽѽҡͷ˵ʲôҵʹ͡
ʱҶŲˣǼӵĺ
ԵģĶȥˣ߿
һżҲ¶ǲԸˣֱӽƵˮСץҪֱӽ˳ˮϴ˿ȥ
ˣ¶Ӿصˮ£οǳˮˮˣһȥˮҵŤ
ˮӵˮҲһӣڳӣιǰĴӣСӹֱ׾ٵģȻ˵㣬Ǳˮﲻûɶζˡ
¶У§ðͷ£ûˡ
꣬ҵʱˣˮīڵģɶҾ;¶̱ҵǲǱǺˣԼǼӵ̸ֻôͷ
˳¶ֱ۳ͣҲ˲ôˣﴵ˰
Ϊʲôǰҵ
Ǽڳˮǵ𣬵ʱҺ¶ǸͷʲôҲ˲ˣҪҵʱôġ


57 Сùݹҹ
ңˮܽнɶо
ֻ˵ҳôǹΣһ¶ڶҲ¶
ƺһζ֪ء
§¶ˮţҲ֪˶ã֮Ƕ̶һӵʱ䲻ȴԵôԶ
·綼˺ڰͿֻУüҵ˵ţֱҿҪ̲סʱϸŰߵĽŲнԶˡ
¶ðˮ棬ڵĺšҿ¶˫գĿϣͺƵġ
Һܿͻˣ˰ߣϰţҡ
¶ûѹ˼ҵĵǸ¶
ұҪȥһˮҵϣȻڵĴ
۾Ŀ˿ңɪɪֹˡ
Ϊ¶ϴһƣұܵһӣ¶ȴָָҵ֡
һҵַˣæȥ˵Щ
¶촽е㷢ڣĵͷ˵Ƕ
Ӧ˰ɣһͷĴ˿İϣӰûУ˭ûڳˮء
ô죿¶ѾˣС챧Ÿ첲ܵӡ
ҪҸطϴһ£
¶ͷȹӣѾˮȾɫˣüͷε˵ȥĶϴѽ
룬ڻ϶ȫһ·ٱЩҵ϶鷳⸽Ҳûð
Ĵƣһ޺ƣһСùݡ
ҪȥǸСùҸ䣬˵ˮ
¶Ƴһۣҧ촽ҡҡͷҲŲȥأǵطɾ
ھͺܸɾָָϵͳˮ
¶Ȼűӣһƺˣԥȥ
һǸСùߣſڵʱ¶еɣһǧСʲôʱֵطء
ʵ˵ʵɣҲûһũӣö¶˽ġ
ҪҸðɣ¶ˡ
ҲûҪǿ˵㣬ҴҸˮһ¡
¶һۣ˵ôУϴ̫ˡ
˵㶼ˣûˣʲô޵ġ
¶һС춢ңܲ˵ӡ
ʱϰӻ˵ĶСؤһȥ⡣
ұӹˣҼϰǣҾ¶׼ߡ
¶ȴΪȻͷϰ˵ƾʲô˵ؤ㿪Сùʲô˲ģҪۿ˵͡
ϰһЦһιСؤͦ˼ģӣ߿ߡ
ҾͲߣסһζǮ¶˵
ϰؿб¶һۣΪȻǿסˣͨһСʱʮǮһϼʮǮڸߵģøͣҲס𡣡
˵¶Ҫ߰ɣ˼Ҷ˵ˣαء
¶ңڶ˼£óһʪյĺƱӣ˼ŵݸϰ˵Ҫ׼䣬ھ͸ҿһ䣬һҪˮͿյģɳС
ϰǰһ¶˵ʲôһĵͷ˵˵˵⹻ȫˡϰ˵ŰǮӹȥŵƹ⿴٣ͷ˵λ룬ϰš
¶һͦصľ͸Žȥˡ
ҸЦϽȥǮǲһ¶ƴֵӣϰǼǮۿӣʲô
ùõˣʲôУʲôҪͽһϰЦžƨƨߵһǮһȥˡ
һⷿпյиܴϯ˼иСɳҪĻиϴ䣬ϴ˫á
˵ҵһסõĵطɵһƣѴӴˡ
¶ȥ˳򣬲Сʲôʲô߰ķ䣬ѣôסϽϴߡ
һ亹˵ܲҪߣҽסˡ
¶һۣϴȥˮͿʼϴˡ
Ұ˸Ƕһ߿һߵһһлһ
æô˰
¶ֽһɰŵˣæȥʶһţ꣬ôֱӿء
ʱҿ¶վڻ棬ɴ۾Ҳڿҡ
ĿԣһٴνæϵҪλڵˣյĺȥȥ
ҵʱɵˣһŻŵİųŷԭžǸģѵһ˨͵ˡ
յʲôùݰⲻǿ
ҿɶûУ˵ģʱ̫ˣҾƳһۡ
¶Ȼһ˿ҵģûϸЩطĿµġ
˵һ¶ǵطɶģ
ʹãҹ¶ͲⱲӶء
զ˰ղţʲôУҪǲҾͲġһ˵ţ顣
ʵܶʱôģ޷£ղôҲϲ¶¶İ
Һ˼¶˵ִ˻ˮҵһ¶ͺûд·ôҵ·ֳ
Ҳû취һ´ϰɣҪ̨Ҳԡҽ
УȥǮ㡣¶˵Ŵһŷ죬ֱӳźƱӡ
ҼǮ֮˵Ȱϳһ°ôȥ·ꣿ
ôû·أԡûС¶ܽ˵
Ҳԣһͷһ˸˵Χš
¶ԥһ»ǽӽȥˣһŴˡ
һΧŸǷõľͳֳˣϵƤȻô𪣬Ҹ̵ĵطţϸϸùĵĹġͷʪģҲ˵ġ
С죬ѾָѪɫˣӵĺˡҲеȣе㷢ɣе㷢㶵Ŀ
ҸȥϴȻȥ˼·¶ץסգգƯĴ۾
һ˵áҸϽȥҰϣһȥˮͷˮһʵ¶ղô˰Ϊʲôô
ޣǸˮͷϵˮˮı־Сĵ㣬ҸղžŪˡ¶ѵ
ôôءҰЦһһҵѾˮͷˮǱߴˣ̵ˮк£ֱԿˣȻҷһҽС


58 ˿̣¶һ
ôˣ㲻ҲŪ˰ɣ¶ʵ
ڵͷǿ򶨵ĳɽûǵʱ򣬵ˮ
񾭲ϴʱ򻹳衣¶ֹһ䡣
æˮԿϳ壬ӲŲܱ
úôŰҲȥûҳʱ򣬴Ŵϴʪյ·װȵ¶´
ޣȥ·òڡ¶ŴЩŤ˵
ͷ˵ʲôʱ̫ΣˣһɱôأҾҪ취ϵְֻ塣
¶ϵûзңͷϧҵ绰ˮ˲ˣҪȥҰְִ绰
Ҳְֵ֪ĺء˵
Ұְֺһˡ¶ͻȻֹʶʲôĿҡ
ҼҺܿ˼ǰҸϳȥռұʱ򣬾ΪҲְ֪նɽĺ룬Ϊû취նɽţŻôġ
㲻˵ˣҸ¶ҲŲְСˣЩ׷ɱְֲ֣ңھߡ˵⻰ʱҾرйƾҪ뿪
¶е㺦ˣϾϷ¾Ķǵģµġ
ˣҪӦңҰְ˵Ǽ¡¶סҡ
Ķ£Һװȵʵ
ͣȥ¶ü۵ģЩˡ
һЦ˵ǼҾûϣʵסѧУأȻûѡҺû˵
¶Ĭһǰնɽĺң˵ס
ҵͷǮȥˣĬ˼룬ʵҼԻԵģҪȻпʱҲῼһС
ιСһһŮ
һһŮĺöడλ˭
Ҹ¥Ҫȥϰſڸ˵ʶһƳʱɵˡ
ֻɷĺӣںϰ̸ϰϻ̳ϿֵӦš
һԾҪתܣһ̧ۿҡ
СյվסǺӺһವһӱһѿӣֱӳҳ
Ǹʲôϰˣһһƣһƨˣವĳ˹ˡ
ŵе㷢һ򻬾ˤ¥ˣһͷһһѾҸǰˣſӾͳҿ
һż¥ݷ˸ѵһӾͿ¥ϣһǡ
鼱֮һǺϣ갡ȻһƵģŭĿԲɵĳؿֳҿҳ¥ݱ˼񣬻Żŵľͳܡ
¶쿪ܣ㡣һߵײײĳܣһ߽кš
ʱҿſˣ¶һ־ŵ̽ͷ۾ҡ
·أô¶û˵꣬Ϳӳ嵽Һ׷ϣһоɵˣһɵֱȥˡ
ҵʱһҲû룬æͳƣͬʱһ첲ϣѵһˡ
ƿ¶תĶźܰ㡣
¶Ҳ˲úˣѵӼֹϣʧ˵Ķܰ
ʱ򼸸ӿʼˣűҵ졣
ֱһͷƳ˴˵ȥ
¶ܵǰ򿪺һ׸أæҡͷ§ű˵Ҳ̫ѽ

صһһû˵ֻ꣬һ죬һͷһѿӴţ˰أ׻λεľұӼǰˡ
ųһ亹æȥ
ʱǰѿֳȥˣ϶һһӵں棬ݺݵĺС˵Ŵ򿪣ҪȻӿ㡣
ʹĶţͷ¶ſڴϣԥԥĳ濴ǲ
㲻ˤġҿһͻȻֱ۱ץסˣͷһƣһִֻŶˣץȥ
һżֱ۾ҧһڣǺһ˻ȥſӼš
ľͷűͺܾˣﾭڣûһͳһ
һ̽ͷſӾͳһˡ
һż˳ź˸ɨѣԿǾ˹ȥǺһӿӣɨѾͷˡ
ѸٵĽšˣȻһ죬űײˣҲ漴˹ȥˤڵϷ˼ͷ
ѾȺˡ
ʲôҲ˲ˣî㾢ҧֱӳǱ˹ȥֱ¶˳һ˫˫˴
˺¶ļУȻһص졣
ҵıݺݵĿ˵ϣұײĻͷתģֻûͷɢ˼ܡ
¶˿̾ϣϵı˴ϣҹƯš
ڵӽҵĻһ˿ˡ
¶ڻ󣬾ʧ泱죬ϽϲҶ
ҵֻ⻬ļϣ໥˼ӣ¶Ǵ۾Գ޵Ľߣȴôһͳعˡ
Сӣ棬Ͻ׷һ̽ͷŴ׼ˡ
ʲôҲ˲ˣ¶
ǵģұһ˿ҵ¶ҹһ·񱼣ζ뵽ĳ
¶§ҵĲӣʧּ
Ҳ֪ڵʲôһ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳ¶ع⣬ҲЩץˣǰﲻмһˣôİôˣСƢ
ȻǧС㣬Ǵ˿̵ȴһˣֻҡ
§ںɱȻһ䣬ҿų¶¶һֻСè䣬ڷ
ѸٵĽʪܵϣס
һ̣¶ûǱŸ첲˫ۿҡ
ɱԽԽ


59 һ
̽ͷȥƳһۣͷ¶һܡ
¶ŽѾҵ£Ǵһȹһ˳һˣôָ׶ٽҵƤ
ǰ棬һ¸ǽ
һһͬ޿ˡ
һˣҿԺɵķǽͷ¶̫ˣ·߲ˣ˵ǽȥˡ
СӣĶܡӶ˺ͬڣſӾ˹
췭ǽߡҺһ˵ϣ¶ٹͷҵļϡ
һҧ
¶ץȴڲϲȥ
ವһһѿӷɹǽϣ¶˼𻨡
¶ŵĳһҺһ˵ϡѾǰΧˡ
Сӣܵͦ찡һſӳһ˻Ρ
¶ңҧ촽ҡҡͷ
ұģȴǿ򶨵֣ͷ˵ǷɣôԸҶԡ
Եģѣ㲻Ǻܻܡһ˵ŹһžͰҸ߷ڵˣҾһߡ
ǰͲһڵϴ˼
¶һͷиڳǽǶţһӵڵϣӿ޺
ȣſҧ˹ȥסǸӵȣһžͰҸ߷ˣȭߵġ
ʱ⼸Ҳңҳô󣬴ûбôңѧУұ֣Ųĺͳ¶ΧŴ򣬿ǱϾѧûЩӺݡ
ЩһǳڵѪˣǻǰ͸һСһƾ׸ĥ
ֻùͷɢ˼ܣڻεһıһӵĽŲţҵҧȣȭͷҵԿǣͷĿѣġ
ҵ֣ϲ˼ţŭС˵㻹ͦǿģɱ㡣
˵ţ;ĿӣҪϿ
ҪǷɣˣҸߡ¶޺һֲĿңվ
һͻȻůůģ٣¶Ҳ˵仰ˣѵá
ұ׵ĿҲ֪ǲҲ˴֣ҿ¶˫ˮᣬ֪Ϊ»ʲô
ʡ¶ˣߡһ˵ţȥ¶
¶·ҵʱ򣬻ͷһۣ۾˵߰ɣ
ϻĶô࣬Ͻߡһ¶һ¡
⼸ӵһֹۣţת¶뿪
ţǴ𣿡̵˲ǵѪĶǡ
ӻͷ㶣һӶݺݻſָҺԵģǲ
бɱңҪȻߡȭͷ
ģ˭ΪС椲ҪˣԵӢۺúھŪ㡣һֵģɱڵľͳҳˣſӾͳ
ڱƵ޵ʱ򣬻ܶ벻飬ʱʲôҲû룬ֻһͷƴˡ
һһѸٵĴܵ˺ӵ̧һ˵ıϣ§ĲӣͳĶҧ˹ȥ
ӷһҺõӳ濳Լĸ첲ײҵĶӡ
Ȼûз֣ŭűҵͷ˦ȥҵĸ첲һƾô˦Ȼ§
һĶȻһƬѪܵһ
ڳʹ˿ӣ˫Ź§Ĳӳһ׹
صһ⺺Ӻһڵˡֻͷתģûл
ܿͷסңҵԿǾһȭͷһȭͷš
ڻУڵǰѿӣʲôû룬˹ȥ
еһŵˣΪҵδ¶
һӵĶϳһѪӣһͮͮģŭһҪҡ
һ˹ȥĸ첲Ƥ
˻ȥʶĳ㣬ȥһ£ѪģҲվȣһͷԵڵˡ
һͷѪܵģһſӣһָ󼸸ӵ˭
ҲĸŪһз̫ͻȻ̫죬ڼһʮܻ꣬һӲԸղţǺܴ⣬ûҵ¡
ȻڣǻˣҪҵ˵׾١
һҳ˹ǰһӾſһ˹
Ҿ˿һѵһ𻨷ɽУĿҲˣһŹҲ˳ȥصǽϡ
ĸȣӡŭţڵĳ˹·ҪҴж˿鷽Žޡ
졭¶һڵϿҹɫƯˮ۾˺͵ġ
ޡЦЦҿżˢˢĻſӳ
һ̣׼еһĿ־壬Ĳʡ
¶ûǮҲĲ˧˶Цң˵˻ңԴҼңԿңԶˣƢʹӡ
ҵδޣǻûг֮ǰҵúնɽѪĸǶס
ԲںҪӱܡ
Ϊ㣬ջ¸һΣ
ѿź⣬ҽߣҸܵ˿ֲɱ
һ޷ۣ¶ӣȴ١


60 С̫
ѵѵ
һ죬ܻص
һۣеĿӶ˵ϣž졣
ţ¶ӷˣڵϴ˺ü
ӳԾѣŭĻͷȥ
ֻһӰΧǽƮȻ£վ¶ǰ
㶣һһƣҹɫӳԵø
̣ûп
ӰϲĶǻƺûа̷Żӻ֣ĳܿš
֪ǵ뷨ǲһһ˲ǵĿӣˣǿ϶Ϊˡ
ĸ͵Ϯӣһæӵϼ˿ӣš
ң߰ɣˡ̲˵һ䣬ȥ¶˲ա
˵ʲôһգգ۾ΪԼˣֺȭͷ߹ȥ̵ָ϶СӶײˣʲô
̲Ųæģĳ˵ˣС̫ţҼˣҲƽϡ
˵꣬Ŀɿڴ¶תҪߡ
ǸŭĹȥסˣһƾͳ˹ȥ
̶ûҲ֪ôˣǺӾͷ˼ԿϹһѪ
ҿľģȵ룬Ī̻ڹǶüɵĵڶٴˣ
˭ĴӣǸͷȻûл̣εġ
ʱҲˣ׷״ӵϳ˿ӣĳ
ҡ
ԱߵǺӸͲţݺݵĵ϶㲻ţᣬ
صһ⺺û˵꣬ͲҺһ˷ɳȥˡ
ջ˽ţ¶˹ôģڹƵġ
£еĺӶֽţЩֵĿǰӡ
ӣϲġһŭһһϡ
һֻ¶һֳƣ˾൱֣ڼӼࡣ
ҼûôôֵģֻӰı߷ɳȥһײײģһĲҽУȻͺ˵һء
ĻңҷϵЦˡ
û°죿̵ЦȻôУͺƽʱҳԱûеָо
ҡҡͷ˿Աߵ¶ҧ촽£Ĳ
иŵվ߾ˡ
ͷҲأһ߹ȥǸӺһͷˡ
ȿֺĲţҧгݵĺܲ
򣿲˭ģȥӣռҲôǵġ̵󣬿ȴ
ЩģջǵײײǱˡ
ӵĿһͷ¶̣ǸС
С㣬ȥˣǻؼҡ¶ͷȰ˵š
¶ȴԽԽףҲԽԽͣĶȻŻˡ
̵֪ĵΣҺ¶
һиʣʵ̣ôҵǵأ
ޣҲˣСȻ㿴϶˵ġ˵ţԶɣûˡ

һĹУԶҹɫܹһֻë׵İĹСܡ
˸߲ҵģͷģһ¶Сϲ
Сܣô¶㶣ͻȻüЦæȥСܡ
СƯһ£Ľ̡
ˣˣ̴ģ¶ͷ˿̡
̻ӻ֣ҡͷҴģҪȻĶҵĵǣ
Сֽ¶ȥģƵġ
ʱʱĻͷƳһۣȻ¶
¶ھʹǼ£ͦԼɼСܶĿЦü
꣬СյС㲻Ǵ˸·𣬾͵õôõĸϳģ˶ռ˰ޡ
С֪ûаһ¶ָ˲٣§Сܾһڡ
ڳˮ¶˰;еƣ꣬ҹ¶ⱲӶһڰɣ
̣Ұְֺأô°
ȥ·ϣ̸¶·ȻˣСų⳵
ޣǶȥˣҸղϵˣӦڼءֻشһ⣬ȻͿŴ⡣
¶ҲûмʣںöˣڸСܶء
ΪʲôҪ׷ɱҺ̡
̿һۣȰЦǻǲҪ֪ĺã鶼ȥˣϰᴦģȥϢ컹Ҫѧȥء
Ҽ̲˵ֻòˡ˵ģڻֶۣúõ˯һ
ӿռұſڣԶԶľͿնɽſڵš
¶һȥæ˵նɽȥˣ۾˵һѺǵĻ
նɽһͷһȭͷˣüһ˿ܸӵ
忴һۣҼҲˣȻޱ飬¶ĳﹷСǣȥˡ
˵Ҫȥͽȥˡ
վſе֪¶ڰȫˣҶˡ
ھһҺ󣬺оգҲһָûصԭˡ
ת׼ߣնɽסҡ
ȥĶնɽҡ
ҸҪ˵ʲô¶۾عͷƺЩӡ
֪ڵʲô϶˵Ҹϳռұ¡
壬ȥĶеᣬһ¡˵˸ôĻԣֻǾҲʱȥ¶״ҲִСˡ
ǲˣնɽĵĿңͷһܿŮҽ
֪¶רְҽ̷ҽȥ顣
е㸴ӣһռңҲ֪ȴҵֻʲô
һͷ¶ҲڿңĴ۾


61 ʦѱʦ
죬һ£ϰ㡣ڱŮҽƣҡ
ŮҽҩҩˮҸ嵽ȥ
նɽɳų̣ҺЩûС
ҵͷ˵ûˣлл塣
лŶԣ˵ȥʱֵĺ¸ҡնɽЦݿ䣬Ͷ͵Ŀ⡣
ҲУ̫ˣ򲻹еΪ˵
նɽͷֱˣҡ
еĻţ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
øʱ򡣡նɽüӹһ˿
ҸЦʵ壬ҵھ֪Ⱦƣʱʲôӣôʶģ
նɽһŴ⣬˼˵ǰģʱû¶˵лὲɡ
֪նɽҵʶöˣʵû취ϵҵһµͷӣնɽأҵгɣǻôһιأ
նɽԸ˵ҲҶʣ˵壬εЩΪʲô鷳ģ
ⲻӦ֪£úѧϰɡնɽ˵⻰ʱ൱ĸӡҵļ򣬻ͷҼ·øֻ
õϰ塣ϹϾĵͷ
ܳ˵лл塣
һЩҪʲôҪ¶˵նɽ˵꣬תȥˡ
ͳţͷҸߡ
һ䴢ң˸ֻңݸҼ·
ҽӹеΪ飬ҳôǴͼ绰ֱֻǸϡ⡣
˵ллתҪߣһ£˵ȥĶ
˵ȥ˯ء
˵Ժ˯ˡ
˵˯ĶҪһǻѧУҰɡ
ңָŶ¥¥ݿڴһС˵˯ɡ
˵ŸһԿףҴ򿪡
ҽȥһȻªǺܸɾʵĴͼ򵥵Ʒ
¶Ҵҵһ¥ݿڵķ䣬ѧУҴˡ
ʵҵʱе㼤ģ˵ллˣͦõġ
лңСԸġ˵Żͷ˿
˳ȥ¶վڶ¥ſڡ
Ư˯£ȻѾϴˣ˿źգﱧСܣӸµĿң΢΢һЦ
ǵģҵļУ¶һγ΢ЦûκεıӺͳʻʢһ
Ҷʱסˣ·ڵϣæȥСײصһ죬Կð¶εЦЦ
¶С콿һЦתȥˣһıӰ
ϣ˯¶Ұŵ¥ݼŴǹ⣬ЦĹֱ
ңҿ죬ˡ
ѧҸյңʯͷವڵշ˹סҵĲӡ
ȥȥôһֲϱëߡƿʯͷչ̧ͣۿĩŸڴддģ˵ڸɶء
һղﰡڳﻮǵδĩ˵ĴĨһѺһҡӣһĿתĶŴ̡
˵װģˣ㲻ָҿʲô߰¥ʾͼɣ
У԰ףĿĩ˵żѵŲһ´ȣڳλͼֽʾҹȥ
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㿴ҪҺɫɫҾɫ߶ɫǸֻҪһ϶ǻɫģǾ˵ǰѧУռˡĩϲ˵
ΪëǵǻɫҲ
ʯͷڣڻҡ
ĩʯͷһۣ͵𣿺֮ǻɫôǼС
ҶˣԣԷȥʯͷ˷ۣĩĻ
ʯͷ佫𰡣Ҹ˵ٳԣǾʦ־дأȥȥĩ˵Ҫ
ʱҿڴεҰֻóˡ
Ϣʲôʱ˸ֻĩʵ
͵ġһ˵˿ֻǸϢ
ʯͷһĽĿңٺЦ죬磬Ҳһ£ҲҪϢ
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˵Ϣʹ绰¡
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ɶҸеĪ
ĩ˵Ȼ˵Žȥˣ˸ӳų򣬹ɵĽС
Ҫ㽲ĩ˵ţŸץһֻҵҾǱĵǿ԰ǵϿգȥκȥĵط
иƨãе绰ʹҿЦõ˵
Ҳ㲻ž͸ҳҸ顣ĩ˵гİֻŸȻĳϡ
Һʯͷȥ뿴ʲô
ɹҷĩ˵ʯͷһš
ʯͷæӱȻָͷ
ĩɿֻֽӳһӣ˼ë
ҺɻĿǣˣϷƵģȻ̧ͷֻӷԶˡ
ûãһֻ׸ת˻ĩһ֣Ǹİϡ
ûУֻӳȥٷɻӾͿԣһĴϢĩܽ˵ţۿһֻҸӷɻˣæŵһֻ֣ϡ
Ҹӹһͷһ£һʺĩԿϡ
ĩգգ۾ʯͷæĩڴͳֽ
ʧʧ㣬ӡĩû˵ģΪϵĸһʺ
ҶʱЦ˵ޣӵֻٲʺ
ĩһ亹İϵĸӳ˹ȥȻ㵸ıȻţҲ֪ڸʲô
ʯͷһ㶣˵죬磬Ҫˣ㣬㿴
̧һƣĩʱ﷢ֵֹ߶ƵģӶ˸ڴһ¡
һֻڿзһವĳԶ˹ȥܿʧϦµʡ
ĩ֣ͣϵóŷ磬۾Źԣ̧ͷߡ
ڸɶаˣʯͷ
ǣȥ֪ģ㣬㿴ʯͷ˵һָ
̧ͷһֻԶֻСڵ㣬Ÿĺڵ֣ȻǻһȺӳѧУϿշ˹ǵͷ
ĩߺһͷһӣȺɢȴǾȻĽС
̧ͷһϼӳյУ֣¡
Ҳһ㶣Ծҿĩ㲻Ǿʦôô
ҲǾʦһѱʦ㿴˰ɣҵŸҲд֡ĩҡӣЦ
ҪƽкãͻȻϿմϡﻩæ˹ȥ̧ͷһ
ֻһƬʺĩһĩЦݶʱˡ


62 Ůʦ
˳˰ɣʯͷĶȥˣ۲ĿϵȺ롣
ʧ󣬳ʧЦˡĩ˵һӣЩϡﻩľͷˡ
ҿЦã˵Щиƨð
Ҳʱо̣ӿǱ˺ʹ겻ˣۣȥĶžȥĶšĩ͵
ڲе绰뱨ø绰һ²ˣҲ
ĩҡҡͷ˵绰û磬ǸӲᣬڲͬǲ㱾¡
ɶ£ʵ
ԺٸϸͣͻȻһҪ飬ĩ˵ҳߣżӡ
˵Ȱϴһ°ɣɶ´
ʯͷ˵ң֪
֪ʲôĩһ߻·һʵ
ǣŮ㡣ʯͷ˵
ô˵ʲôʱҵģһе㽹ˡ
ĩ˵͸ղ֮ǰٻˣſûȥ
˵Ϊʲôû
ΪʯͷָָĽţͷٺһЦ
Ұʯͷһۣű˵Ҫȥٻˣ˵žתҪߡ
ĩ˵֪ʦأɽΪҪҪ˵¹ϵǵδ
˵Ӳ˵˵ˣʲô߰ġ
˵ҪҼʯͷ佫ʱйŷɣȻھҺʯͷѾΪһ
㲻ǺųС𣬲ԣСͳ͹ˡҴĩĻȻͼȥٻˡ
˺ͽɽɼãҪ
ĩʲôҲû˼ˣҴҵȥٻˡ
ԴҹסһϣһϾûô˵ң϶ʲô¡
ҵٻ칫ҵʱ͸΢΢ͷддģʱü˼ʱҧűʼ⣬ݰס
ȻǴɴ£ǰܱͦǱȹθۣһ˫Ƚһ˿㱡
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ٻݸһЦ˴Լʾҽȥһ΢ķ˿һңü
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ٻĿһۣ˵㲻ʵޣΪҲ֪ż
ҿ͸𱸣еţһǹ֪˵ʦ˵ôˣ
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뿿Ǹ޹ܵʱΪʲôæأӲͱˣҪʯͷѴˣĶӵóȥء
ǰʦҲǵġ֣Ųĺͳ¶ѻȻǱպӾһ٣ܾûϾִġ
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ٻᣬŻͷ˵ȻŶ
Ҿſվţٻȥ˹š
һʶĴӴ濴˿ڻ·
Ȼˣǲûйʵ͵һ϶Ŀѳ¿ӽ⿪ˣҿǱۺɫأ𪣬ҵʱаˡ
Ȼٻʼ⿪˶ȹǺɫĶȹ˳޳ȥ
æعͷҾҲ͵ٻôã
ʮഺȶʱڣҾ̲סֻûѪҺڷڣ۾ɴˣ޲ô϶ٴ㡣
ҾȻսһЩҪ˽ٻķ⣬˿ºܱᣬԼԿְһȹù׼ϵʱͻȻͷһۡ
ȻߵˣʱӴ϶￴˾ʧҡ
ҵʱûüرܣ˫۾ԣһӾģæŤͷȥĻҵġ
һſˣٻҽȥҵʱΪ顣
죬ղšٻֹ죬ɵĿҡ
ʦҲǹģҡҾȵ˵ͷҾԼôôҪȻ͵ٻҺھΡ
ٻĬһΪ϶ҪҵģȻ˵ʦ֪˼Ƿ׶ԵĺǺġ
ʦҡ֧֧ģ֪˵ʲôá
ǳеʱ򿪹𣿡ٻʵ
ҡҡͷǸƫƧʦûС
ûз𣿡ٻʵ
ˣǿʦңҴˡҵͷ֪˵
ٻȴ΢΢һЦϸûʦĲܵԵһܺɣ˽𣿡
ҵͷæҡҡͷ˵
㻹뿴ʦ𣿡ٻʡ
һ㶣εģŪ⻰ʲô˼ˡѵ˵ٻ׼˽


63 ĿԿ
ʦңҿԿ𣿡ٻǱأе㷢ɣеȣʼ˼ˡ
ٻһ죬ҧһ±գգ鶯۾ҡ
Һܽţҵ᲻ӦҺ޳ܵļʵĿԿ𣿡
ٻû˵ĳϽ⿪һӣ¶ѩ׵һĨ
ҵʱס˺ڿֻܿһС֣뿴ࡣ
µ˵ʦڣڶ⿪һ𣿡
û뵽ٻֱӰѿֿˣ˵ޣСɵϣȻʦ˽⣬ǱϾʦҪѵģﲻ˿ġ
ޣʦѿɣҺƤʵ
ٻͷ˵Ȼˣô˽ŮأͺúõĶ飬㳤һЩҸŮѣͿԺܺõ˽
֪ٻڿңڶһĪĿͺ档
ҲŮѣҪҲʦġѿڶ
ٻ㶣ߵ˵ҪʦأʦֲǺܺá
ʦϲһŮˣǣҲǵģԶǣֺãҲʵġҲ֪Ķĳ嶯һ˵˳
죬㡭ٻܾȵĿң˵ݡ
ʦڲûǸֲ㣬ԴӦһ𣿡˵
ٻͷѽ˵˵
Ҽ꣬ȻŮѺòãһѡҹ˵
⣬ʲôҽٻü΢壬ЩԹ˵
һץסٻ֣˵ʦ˵滰ʹӦҰɣ
ΪʲôѽΪ˽Ůˣ˽ԣٻûм֣ɻҡ
ΪϲʦûôõŮˡһ˵
ٻշ˺ΣĿңͻȻȻһЦллϲʦǵ㳤ˣʦҲˣиƯŮȥ׷ء
ҲҾҪʦʹӦҰɣҼ͵ģץٻ֣һҺܳ嶯
ٻ룬ֳ˵ðɣʦԿǣҪӦʦúõѧϰҪܣѧ˳ˣĻʦͻӦء
ģʦҴӦ㡣˸߲ҵģܸɴĴӦȫûκκ
һҾĺãһȴû뵽׵ŵٻܴ˺ȻǺˣҲᡣ
ǳȥɣʦҪæٻ˿ʱ䣬Űš
æҰͲܺٻһҾҿҪˡһʮ˵ٻҩ
һ̣ĺìܣҼϣҿԶٻദϣʱܿĳ󣬿Ķѧĳ죬ٻΪҵŮѡ
ʦҶһЩѧϰϣȥãͰҰһº𣿡·ϣٻһ⳵
Ҹȥͷ뼴ٻΪҲԥĴӦɡ
ҹسŵʱ򣬻ͷиİԶԶĿǣҵʱҲû⣬˼ڶٻˡ
꣬ٻϰ彻̸һϰָһϣҸϽȥᡣ
ϰҪҪ˰æҺװȵ˵ҪȻҳıŰ׸ߵһ飬ҡҡλεĸٻߣ۵ͷ󺹵ġ
ٻҪãҹǿ˵õĶǿ첽ߡ
빫·жξ룬;ø첲ʹĲУһһͷ˵ڵˣһء
ҾȵĲУæȥ
ٻæôˤûС
ҵʱԼôôûϢأôæﲻϣ߰ġ
òװ˳ٻԱߣҲ˵Ŷ
ҵʱҸһҾֵˡ
ӿѧУվ̨һߣҪúõı֡
ܾúڸңһͷʱֿǸİˣԶԶĿǡ
ʦ㿴Ǹˣϵ𣿡ٻ
ٻͷȥǸѾˣ˵ĸ˰
Ҳû̫⣬ͼš
ʱѾĺɫʱ֣ٻԱߣһһ˱ǵŮζ
ۿҪѧУˣͻȻи˵һٻվס
æͷȥҿ
ͷϵ˻ûкãɴϴٻĹǺġ
ôѽٻЩȣʶĳһ
л˵˵ָָҵѧɣһȥǡ
ҵʱסͷûпңһӰڵϣȻ˵㻹ʦɶҲ𣿡
ҲԵģԭ㰡һңҧгݵģȭͷҪ
ٻһס˵ʲôͺú˵㵽
㡣߳ŭĺһ䡣
ٻʱ߷ߣ˵ˡ
ĵ˵һԿһˣͷ
С˵㻹ǲǣŪ㡣ŭһҾһ˹
Աһ㣬û뵽ٻȥһ£Ȼˣ͵ˡ
æȥ§סȥͳ˹ȥŤһˡ
ҸһЩҲ㣬һģץסҵļһˤҾ͵ˡ
ٻߡתȥץٻ
һż˹ȥסȣһϣһͷԵڵˣ
ҽһŵؾ˹ȥϣȭͳźԿᡣ
ۿҰĲһˣͻȻһһͣԱˡ
ѵ򿪣δɱڵĳ
һͷһƣͷľȻӥǸͷС
ͷݺݵĵңһѿӳܹˡ


64 
ۿŹͷд˳ҳһ漴Ͱһȭͷ
ûֳҶͱ˼ȭȻһŰ߷ڵˡ
ĸȣСŪ㡣ͷкţһӳ
Ҿ͵شһڵϿĵž졣
ĻҵһٻѾŵĻʧɫˣ˵ֶµڰֻҪ
ʱи󺺳ȥһưֻĵˣȻٻߡ
ҧһȥһڴ󺺵ϣֻ㶣ͷһۣһ첲ͽչֱӽҷڵˡ
ҪýҵԿǣ̧ͻȻһ¡
󺺻ͷһƣٻŰʧĳˡ
ʱͻˣһͳٻ˹ȥˡ
ҼĲУ˼¹ȥĴȣһŹֱӾͷˣˤ˸Ľų졣
ʱٻѾǸӸץסˡ
ĸȰſҺһ·˸ʯͷֱӳǺӹȥˡ
صһֱԿϣһȻңٻϡ
Ⱦ׷ȴ˰һţһͷڵˡһȻ
ǹͷкӣŭĵҡ
Сӣͦŵİܵġ˵žҪҡ
ͷаסˣ˵ŸѰȰȥһôС
ͷ磬С˵̫ˣҪ˵
һٷϣϽϳͷгܿ˿һһϣ̰Ҹסˣϴקȥˡ
ȥʱٻѾˣǸŤ֣첲סˡ
ԣſҼĲУŤӡ
žһͷһϣ԰һȥ磬ܵģӷŰ㡣
Ҳһƣ˵СյģȻܡ
ôϵõģԵĸղǲǽ˸ǣŭ˵
иѰӲʶͷ磬ʶء˵ŵĿٻֵٻˡ
ٻϻ̳Ͽֵģ߷ߵĵ˵̫ʧˣȻЩ˻һҪȥĶ
ұ죬ˣӴñӣƵġݺݵĺ
ѰʦֲŮѣԵɣҲ˵
һȭͷͱҶϣҵͷ˵С˵һӷ㣬ҪٻΪӵŮˡ
һĲУĿųŹϣԶ˹ȥ
˳һֳǣŤҺٻͽȥˣǴһվ˱𶯡
һһˣͷǸ˸ĺӣʮӣһĺ⣬첲һֻצĲӥ
硭ͷкмӶĺš
СӣŨü۶ңȻƳһٻ޼ɵɨһ£һָ椶Ķģ
磬ŮѡЩŵ˵
ƨ㲻˵յ׷㵽ˣͷв˵
üͷһ壬ĺиѣӱ죬ͷ˵˵ô£
ͷС˵磬Сץ˼ζˣΪС椶ʱҿˣû뵽СӸҲ֡
ǵı磬鷳ͷ֣úøŮ̸̸æ
һۣһԿϣŭ˵ŮѼѺϡģ
ŵһ㶣æͷˡ
ձúѹ֣һ߳Ŵһ߳ٻ߹ȥʼնûаҷ
һץסٻͷһϣǺٻͣĿ
СǣĻͦˮģ˰춼ΪأôǿӥĹͷ磿
ԴĵϷٻּŭ˵Щåſҡ
ʱһŭһƾͽٻƵĵڵˣȻͳ߹ȥҪ
ɧǣװ࣬ҵҪŮʲôͬ
ס֣𣿡ͻȻŭһĶŴ롣
ԲۣղС˵ģңһ˫ȭͷǰ죬ݺݵĳ߹
ĺܿ࣬ӸµĿңһѾסҵͷľͳһʹᡣ
ֻû̧ۣȥȫûзӦһ
һ֣С˵Ū㡣߳ŭһɨȹҾˡ
ʱҪȥԸٻһЦĴ֣˵椶ҳζ
ٻʱˣæˣһֱ˵˰ĽŸ첲һӣ
ҲˣͷСͷ磬˵ץСӣٻҵģô
죬СıŪ㣬翴мѰ취ͷ˵
룬Ҳڣ㶯һͷɱ㡣ʱĺ
Сӣӽȥ벻ͷĻͷ˵һ䡣
ͷ̴żΧȭߵģͷĿѣģͷɢˣڵϹȥģڻпڶٻֶŵģҶҪˡ
һĺԼ̫ˣ쿪Ҫٻǵͻʱȴ޿κΣһʲôʸ˵Ļء
ǱˣŹɣôҴӦˡٻ߷ߵҧ촽Ÿ첲ô¸ҵ˵
˵ģ·ˡεЦ
ٻ㶣Ȼ˵ͷԹĿңȻȥӡ
ҪʦˡŭţȭͷҪȥ
ݺݵĴ򣬴򵽲ܶΪָֹңٻſ˹ȥˡ
ٴαȭߣѾ۵ľˣʱ룬ӹһѣһҪЩ˼ӱĳҪԶڽΪ
صһͻȻ߿ˣһŭ˳ſڡ
ɫŭһɫĽƤ˿гǿļ첲ϵĵ̸˼ɱ
룬֣ͣŭһĿĿɨһֳ
¸硭ͷк⼸Ӷںʱࡣ


65 㲻Ҫ
¸硭òԾͷһ˶סˣæɿٻϵĺ鴤һ¡
¸翴ٻһۣ˵һ߽ڰɳϣĿӷϡ
ϵǸӣϴ¸Ļҿǰѿӡ
һϳ˸¸߽Ǹİˣվ¸ߣһĶŴ롣
ӣҺٻˣ¸ˣһҰٸн
ͻȻһĳţö˽ŵĺ
¸磬ʲô㴵ˣЦæܹ¸緢̣¸ϡ
¸ŵẉ̂ͻȻվһİ˴ϣžס˴죬ͷ˴ļϡ
˻˻ļðһ̣̱ǵĽζ
ƺһҧֵĿ¸硣
û¸һ첲ȥӴȻȻϣ¸罫˴Ĳϡ
ң¸ЦˡϣŵĻ
¸һ߹ȥһͷȥˡ
ǿЦղĲͣ𣿡¸˵߹ȥŴʹ˼ţƨҷţԿڵϴ
ʱҿͷ΢һ£ȥ˵ʲôǸİವĴܹȥһɨȣͷаѽҺһͷˡ
˲ûưոݣŹͷеĲӣǽϾʹײ£ͷǹͷʱѪ죬ҡҡλεģͨһڵϲˡ
ҳܿ˿ʮ󺺣ǶǴߵˣ˭ûҶͷɥվԭء
¸磬ֻһ˹
ǰץҵͷˣʱҿĵĳߣƺҪ
ϷŹһͳȥϾһţ˵ڵˡ
ʧڵ£ҸסˣȥŤĲӾһȭͷ
ԵģʦҴԵġһһߺţʱҾرĽ
Ҳ֪Ķ˸ӣͻȻһ£һŰҸߵˣܣͻȻһӰܹȥصһŽߵķ˸ͷ
һǸˣȥϥӶ˼£ڵˡ
Ҽ˸ӣ߹ȥһ£һҺ۵ȥġ
ܰСˡҷ˿ƵģҪԿǡ
죬Ҫѽٻʱһ
㶣ͷٻܽӣͻȻ˴ӦĻ˲٣ӵˣæȥ
ٻ·Щңһ£һ΢ͷһϵʵ𣿡
ҡҡͷȻԱߵ¸硣
¸ʰ룬ϵѪ˴·˴һš
¸磬ΪʲôЩ׵ĿǽϴŴ
¸翴˿ңֿ˿ٻͷԴ뵭˵Ҵ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ɥ˵ΪСӣ
ôΪ¸§ҵļ˵
¸磬ҿӥˣΪһСӸӥԣ벻ĵ˵
¸ɫһ䣬һѽͷľǼƣתɽӥԺӥҶһëҾͿһƬ
¸磬°ӥһˮˮΪСҪӥ緭
뻰û˵꣬;òԾæ죬Ѿˡ
ֻ¸һ˿ɱವĳ˿ӣһ¸䣬һָͷӲе
Һһڵϴ¸ȥſӷڴĲϣ㻹ûи״θɫƣҲ˳ɽӥѣҵĻ㶼ס𣿡
סˣסʹĽлţ۵ȥ
ҵһɽӥ֣Ҳǵһο¸ΪҴһ˴ôݡ
ҿֳˣǶ˸ҿ¸磬¸µİѿϵѪһϲ˲Ǻŵɫ׻
ЩС˵ҼǺˣ죬ٻ˭ԺҶǲӾͿ˭¸˵Ż˻Ŀӣڼϳʹ˸ɫҡڵ˳ȥ
ڳЩǣһ׷ÿһ·ģҳ
Ҳ֪¸ΪʲôôţƣҲ֪ΪʲôղЩɷͻȻôͻȻ룬һҲ¸ôҾͿ׾ٵıҰˡ
ٻʱҵֳȥɫЩ԰ףͷ˿ڵҪ͸ޱȵʧ
Ҹоٻֻе£˵ʲôοһȴ֪˵ʲôá
¸磬лл㡣¸ĳϣҸмĿ¸˵
лëߣұˣҸġ¸˵ſٻƺ˵ʲôȴеԥ
ʱǸ˵ݸٻһƿˮ˵ٻ㣬
ҪٻӹȴЩԹĿһۣ˵ҪŤͷŴ⡣
еĪ֪ٻôˣܲģѵŵ
¸磬ôҵǵģҺܺ棬ͻȻʲôҺûнܹٻΪʲô¸˶֪֣
һֱð忴㡣¸˵ſһۡ
磬ллҸм˵
峯ҵͷٻƺʲôҪ˵еεİƿˮ˻ȥ
ͣɡٻͻȻ˵һ䡣
ٻ㣬û˵
Ҫ³ٻǿ˵ţüۼһ˿Թ
ͣɡ¸˾˵һ䡣
·ͣٻ˳еƣæȥ
ٻߵĺܿ죬һͷˮ֪ô¡
ʦôˣСŹȥʵ
ٻվסˣûشҡתں棬˵ĵһۡ
еȦҵӡٻûο¸ͰǣΪʲôٻôأ


66 ɺξٹ
ʲôٻɴ˫ۣôԹ첻ˡ
ڶ԰˵仰ܲ
һͷ壬ֹסŲԵЩΪ㡣
ٻ㣬ֻѧУ˵
ҪԼߣԺҪˡٻѹüۼˣҵ߰죬ǻѧУ
ãȻĵͷͷ¸ڲԶ˫ֲڶ￴ߡ
˵ʲôȴ֪˵ʲôá
¸糯ҵͷʾҸٻߡ
ջûиǵĿٻ
Ҹٻ˺ԶǿųһֱţѧУſڣ¸ӳﳯһȭͷ
ҿ¸ĳ뿪һ˲е㱣ֱٻҡ
죬ôʶģٻңԵЩеš
ʦǾѽôֹҷٻɫܲãҵһοôӡ
ʦ֪£شҵ𣿡ٻ˵
ͷҾҲٻ˵ʦ¸ʶҵ
㸸ôʶģٻԽĺ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪أ¸ûиҡ
ٻĬһ˼˵Ҳʲôϵ֮ҪӦңǧҪɼǵŵҵĻ𣿡
ǵãʦҶǵءæ˵
ãϣ˵㲻ʦʧĶ𣿡ٻڴĿҡ
Ҷûйӣ̵ͷǵʦĻ
ٻοЦЦ˿ʱ˵ţʦͷˣϰˣϽȥϢɡ
ʦҿһ𣿡Ҹٻ
ٻͷ񿴴ҵ˼Ƶģ˵ǲʣΪʲôʶأ
԰ʵģΪʲôأҺ
ٻͻȻ˵ˣԶҹɫ˺ĻУȻվŲˡ
ҾҺ˲ʵ⣬վԱе㲻֪룬һҷٻĵ۾ͷʱҷоӨˮ
ʦôѽҵʱͻˣ֪ٻˣҲܡ
û£ȥˣʦ˵¿𣿡ٻҧ촽۾ġ
ʦԲҲʵģ㲻˵Ͳ˵ɣϢ컹ҪϿءȰ˵
ٻһһ۾תߡֽסˡ
𣿡ٻͷҡ
ʦԺ۸ģӽԺ󡣡ٻЩˣͳ˷ŭ
ٻ㶣ɬһЦͷ͸һ˵ټ
ҿ뿪ıӰĵӣһʹ
ʱѾϰˣһڸղŵĵѧУš
ͻȻи˳˹һӾ§סҵĲӡ
죬㵽ĶȥˣʯͷٺһЦ
ƿ˵ë߰
ңҿûдóԵġʯͷ˵ŷɫԣԾԲۣ㱻ˣ
е׵˵·ˤһӣӱˡ
ߣȥңʦ㡣ʯͷ˵ߡ
Ҹȥңĩڴ绰
꣬㲻Ÿ𣿡Ұĩһۣ˵ʲô£
ĩ˵绰΢΢һЦһʱһʱνб޻
ȥģٸҽЩ߰ģ˵¡ڴϣʯͷ׼Ьӣһţæűӡ
磬ң㿴ʯͷЬӴϣȥ˸˫ڹɷнµ˵ģ㿴С
ʯͷ˵žͺٺٹѽڵұģĻ磬Ȼ˫ڹſ֨£ӵô񲻣
ҵͷ˵Уô¡
ٿһġʯͷΣ۾ʼš
صһ󣬻ͷʯͷǣһġ
ôˣæʡ
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һӰɣǸʯͷİӣҰ뿪Ц
˲Сӣ򲻵֮£ڰȡϽ׼ͬ̽ȡ׾٣ĩ˵ͻȻֹ
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һͷƳһۣ˵Ķأûпء
áͻȻըһ죬һ
һôͻȻһǽȻƹ谵ˣұһ޴Ӱڸǣ˳šǽϿҿһľګҪҵŶˡ
һ˫ͭĴӸµĿңһ
ǣҳԾĿǰľˣ׸ˣ֣бһҵİＷһ˫ưĴҪ֡
ǴˡĩҡӣµĿǰˡ
ãʲô֣Ұַµ˵
书˵ţһҡ֣Ҿҵĸ첲ڷæȥ
ͷ˵书õ书
Ҳɵ䣬ξٹĹ乧Ҳ˵ɺξٹº塣ĩ̸˵
ֵ֡ҸЦӶеˡ
乧ͷһľګһЦĲ˵졣
Ǿǣǻ书ˣһԿʯͷ϶񣬻˫ڹƵĿǰ乧
ʯͷͰǸٲȻһСкվڴǰȫԲ
ʯͷ֣˵ءҾʯͷ̫Ծǵ乧ĵķͷɡ
ӭսɡ乧ӣִϵбóһĴӣѵһڴϣһ


67 
Բۣһʲͦͦţȵİʯͷһ乧Ĵӣɾ˫ڹߺ߹ұ
乧ӸµĿʯͷӾͳǰ粽߹ȥ첲ϵͻġ
صһ죬Ӵһɾȥʯͷӭͷ¡ʯͷһѵĶܹȥڵһӡ
꣬ģʯͷеˣһܣ乧֨굽ȥˣ̧乧ĺϡ
Ȼ乧͸ƵģһĻعͷȥʯͷæһ˴ϡ
ˣסְҼæܡ
ĩ˵˲̽ͷȥ˵о仰вʶ佫֮д轻Ǹ
ƨһ˶һ
ء
һû˵ңŵһӣһ갡乧Ѵҷˣʯͷϡ
ͷʯͷ˷ۣ乧ʾơ
乧ŭһҺ񶶶һ£ֻ˵ĲţǾһŴһײ
ʯͷһлǱˣۿͷؽһͷԵȥˣ乧һץʯͷ
乧Ҫʯͷ£ȴʯͷ乧첲ϵһǧһƾ͹乧ˣ§ˡ
乧һӾҵҡڣʯͷһӷɳȥˣĽȻ乧Ĳӣٴε˻ȥ־乧ϡ
һȥģ˭Ҳռˡ
ʣʾףλֱ绢ĩʱӲȥֽкá
򲻴򣿡ʯͷ§乧Ĳӣ˷ۣܲ
㵽ס乧һŭȻͼʯͷ˦ȥ
ˣƽˡҹȥ
ʯͷȻƵĿ乧˵ңҾӮˡ
乧һͭĴۣӲ˵
ô佫㻹񣿡ĩҡӣָ乧ҡ
ͷ乧ʣԸǣ
иҺҵĴӡ乧ӸµĿңӷڱ
Բۣңʯͷ˵Ŵ֣ԸµĹȥ
ʯͷŽż§乧ͨ죬ҧ໵һУʹо١
乧Ƶģվһһ㷴ӦûУͺƵġ
ãңȾĴӡʯͷ˵ɿ֣ȥ乧ȴ鲻
乧һƣʯͷڵϷ˸ͷվˣ˷ҡҡͷĿңһš
乧Ŵֳһָ
꣬Цʯͷû취ݺԲ
ҿĩһΣⲻΪ
ʾǻۺ쵼ܵʱˣҶʮ㡣ĩ۾ź⣬ڴĿҡ
ʮëߣֲǧ֮ҺεЦЦҿ乧ƣܹõЭԺɾĺ޿ְܰµ
Ǹ乧㿴ǺĩϵôãͬѧҪ˰ɣԺһֵܣԺĻʳأҲŬĳаˣôЦȥͷ乧
䣬㲻У乧ɫ˵ţӸ¿ҡ
ҶʱЪˣǸɵе
㲻𣬵ҾðɣԼҲδܰԼɣҽЦ乧˸Խת䡣
乧㶣˵ûԹ
ԿҪܾԼҾҾܡ˵
ãһΪ乧ˬĴӦˣŵĿʼԼϾ٣Ȼһ
ĩͻȻЦҵͷ
ˣң乧˵
ҼŭĿԲɵģһеɵһ˵𼱣ڱѡһ˫־ţҲѡһֻһλᶨʤ
û⣬ĩ乧˵žѡĩʣصˡ
乧˫ۿĩˮͰֱӽ˼ϣȻҵˡ
죬磬군ˡʯͷɥĿң˷ۡ
ѣҵġ˵ߵǽϣһ˫ֳ˵ϡ
ɶɶ˼ʯͷĿҡ
ĩ˿ңֿ˿乧˵ǻǣӮˣɡ
ƾʲô乧ʡ
Ϊղ˫־򡣡ĩ۾ź⡣
ԲۣҲ㣬ңҲᡣʯͷæҲȥһǽÿš
Ҳᰡ乧˵žҪȥ
ĩ˵ˣֻһѡᣬԸķ䣬ӭǡ
乧˶ͭĴֿۣͬɳƵͷݡ
˵ǣı乧Ȼ͹ˣֻиӢ۲֮أ׻˵
ѽĩû˵꣬Ͳҽһ
ֻ乧˫§ĩವһӳȥˣĩһƨڵϣ۾ڱϣǱ
£ʶ˼ˣ乧ֲͷ˵
ҶʱסˣĩŴƨɶ׼ѵЦֲ˼Ц갡乧б׼ı򰡡
ããʵˡʯͷŰƣֻķŰۡ
զҿЦõʵ
ʯͷͷЦңӲ
ƥ֮£ؿ㣬һʶĩòﻹֹţ乧ͷɴͭ۾
ĩæ˵Ǹģȥ׸š˵ʹҴææܲȥˡ
Һʯͷ࿴һۣЦ
ҹ乧ᵽǵңҲǴ쿪ʼֶһ˰ֵܡ
ϣΪ̫ûл¶ȥ
ҵľӴϣʯͷǴ̱ǵĽų乧ĩ˷Ŵ


68 ܾУ
죬ڶ磬Һĩճңںһա
ս飿߹ȥʡ
ֱ§ҵĲӵ߸ҳȥһˡ
Ů֪Ϊ£ĩҡʵ
СӣôŸֲպζЦ
ĩһ亹Ц˵ŮڿҪְأ롭
ˣ憪£Ҵȥ֣Ųģ֣ŲǳԷղͷĴĩĻ
һ㶣˵սûɣ
ô㲻ȥɻĿҡ
Ǻ֣ŲĲŴһμܣⲻϳɣҲ
ЦһǱˣ˵רҪǸأô㵣ʲô
ŮԵ棿ĩæָ˼£Զдʵġ
һ˵Сֹʲôأ
ĩһ㶣˸۾ŮȥãҸղһԣд֮ףʵ˲꣬ȰҲҪ˼С
ëߣϢҿ֣ŲİɣҪǲȥΪǵСأ߰죬Ҫȥ֣ŲĻᳰЦǵġ˵ִߡ
е㵣ģ˵սҪٿһ¡
ǰŮһ硣ĩǵ˵
ǵɽҲ£ս𣿡˵žˡ
ĩĺ˼䣬ֻͣӴ˴֡
ұĸ½ѧ¥Ϳöھ۾Ķ¥ݿڿ˼ͷţ˷ܵӡ
ôûսôƯŮ·պܲͷĻֺţ§ҵĲӳߡ
ЩȴյĻӵǵĿ⳯һһӰڻĳߣ¶
öľ̾ȻԶÿһ·۰Ͱ͵ĳ¶
¶ôƯˣߵĶĿĽ㡣
΢΢ƯĸȹƲգƯĴ۾ͦ塣
ڼȺпһ˵ʲôÿģУֿӣǸϽԷȥ
ҵͷҪߣ¶һ
졭¶Ȼң˹öÿˣȻһĽĿң۷׷׵ġ
һ£ͷ¶е㲻ԼĶ䣬¶ǵһôǰĸ˵ҺɻĿ
һ¡¶΢죬ߵҵĸǰ
㣬£е㼤Ϊö˶ڿš
ôûлȥ¶ˮĴ۾ң΢΢һЦ
öһ꣬Щ˺˵Цˣÿҵˣ
˯أ̫ˡеܳ¶Ȼң̫ˡ
ô绰˵һأ¶ʵ
Ҳ֪ôشʱ§ҵĲӣµĿ¶УɶʱôǼˣǵô£
¶һ㶣üͷ˵Ŀһ۵ôѽ㡭
գǼģˣںļ§ҡ
ҹ˭Ҫ˵ÿ¶ܰԵĵɴۡ
պǺһЦ˵˵Уǹ˶¡ǼæأĶпո˵ҪԷأߡ
˵ž뿪ʱ¶һ죬վס
һ㶣е㲻֪ˣ꣬ʲô¶ô̧ˡ
˵ʲôհҳһ£ͷΪȻĿ¶ôУսҲˣ
ʱС˵кϷˣһһУˣСӲ򵥰
û˵¶ͦͦ壬С쿴ҡ
еԥҿգһٴ§ҵУǼƾʲôҪָӣѾԤԼˣ֧䡣
Ǽҵģҡ¶ﻹݣεϷŭ
ʲôϴεһûأǼȥɶˣպʾʵ
ԱΧ۵˵ҿⲻİɣУ˻ȥˣôء
ұ죬ʲôÿģպһö˶ˣеɵĶ㿪ˡ
¶һţָ˵ҺôʲôϵΪʲôҪ㣿
ν˵Ͳ˵죬ߡʼ磬ͷҾߡ
죬Կ¶Ŀ˵һ
ôˣУҿ㲻ǰǼ˰ɣҪôǲأϴֱӴߣɶЩζ˵
¶Խİˣţһһٵ˵ߣ
һӲ֪òˣ֪¶ĴСƢַˣǵô˵棬ҪĻҿ϶رûгϢɡ
Ǹߣʱܶ˵Ҳܣֱ񾭲УĻˣ˵УվţȥҲԸⰡôһŮåһ
ұ죬˵˭ŮåأˣͷŭһĿ
һͷһۣ¶ҧź촽Ķǣǿǲʡ
ëߣ᲻ð㲻Ǳס˰ɣûһϢհһۣͷһѣҼߡ
ҵʱԼǺܹϵģҵô˵ܾ¶Ҳ֪ôء
ǲʶ̧٣У㶼ˡ󣬺ö˶ڷ߷߲ƽҡ
ʵ˵Ҳ޿κεģҹҲŰɣ
ֻͷƳһۣ¶ĿУǴ۾߷ߵĵңȻת뿪ˡ
֪϶ˣҵô˾ܾҲ֪ôԸҡ
ңȥʲôˣչҵĲʵ


69 
ûʲôȥԸεЦţﲻ֪ôе㲻ζǸ¶ŭӣеĲˡ
չһЦ˵԰Уʲôϵôе⣿
ôãͷ
ɵȰø˵Ͻģȥ֣ŲģΪսء˵ţҵȥĦгˡ
಼һɲߣñӸңҸȥ˵һ죬𶯡
һͷһֻ乧ɱڵģһס̫
ˣջͷһ乧ͷ˿ҿĸ
乧乧˵ţӸµĿǡ
һģտһۣҵͷʱ¡³Χ乧תһȦŽżļСӲĶģ
乧ǳ鴤һ£ָָҵ
ǰɣպɵĿңµ乧ĴģȻб˵װʲô
ӡ乧˵
ҿôأհ乧һۣƵĿ
ҿЦã˵ս㣬Ǳ˸ӡ
һ㶣úĹȥãһһ죬һͳתĻġ
ҵʱͿɵˣջʮ˰ͨ
ۣͦأе˼հС糺
乧ƮƮַŻбȻһվŲ
ɶأ乧
ĩģġ乧һľګ˵
ҿգ˵սҪһɣ
˵û⣬ϳ˵ž͹ȥųѡ
乧һȥһĦгһ̥ˡ
УϽҽĺ
乧ͷһѸٵ
ô㣬ôȥջͷʵ
ߣҸš乧˵
վ˵˵طȥСĦгһವĴ˳ȥ
һͷһ乧ڵͷĦгɱһһס
ˣߡմѧУü·һƵꡣ
ԶԶľͿ֣Ųſڵţų¶ͳëë
ս㣬ˣ֣Ųӭĸ֡
еܳ¶ǶĸҴкԭˡ
ʲôأѲϴһܣ֣ŲǶҹĿ࿴ˣ
룬ģ֣ŲİǴһ䣬Ѿ˾Ʋˣкܸߵľƣɷнµġ
մֵĳһһ˸ȦֲܵģҪˣ
֣ŲæЦ˵ս⻰˵ģϴҲԣ㿴̧ͷͷģһѧУˣǰ̫嶯ˣԽصصĸǣơ
֣Ų˵ų¶һۣ¶յƣëҵƣëæꡣ
ô˵ָãĿ֣Ųġ
֣ŲĿһۣϽսǸӣǰ۲ʶ̩ɽǣԷǰĺͿһʹԺѧУѡ
տ˿ңʵôģ
Ҽ֣Ųĺͳ¶ǵ̬˸һٰʮȵĴת䣬ȻеֹҲñӣҺװȵ˵Ҫǵĳˣǰ۸ңһپƾ򷢣δ̫ˡ
˵¶֣Ų˵ſ˳¶һۣ¶æһƣëͳë˼ۡ
ҲϾƣһ¶˵磬ǰǲ£ԷԺǲǰӣô
Ҽһˣ˵ҲȾƣȻҲԡ
ǰ˲ѣƻӦúȰɣҪȻǲԭǰ֣ŲȰ˵
һѽӹҵľƱ˵ˣ治ȡ
䣬ͷһȻһĨ±ӡ
ãս㺣پһ֣Ų˵ó¶ơ
£¶ô˵ͻȻ
˶һ㶣ҵļУƨ£ɨ𣿡
֣Ųġҿ֣Ų˵
֣Ų㶣Ŭ룬˵磬֪ϲ¶ϴʳá
û˵ϲ¶ҴĻֻǲ׷
һ£˵׷׷ë߹ϵôˣò¶δްɣ
⻰һڣ֣ŲǶ㶣ɻĿҡ
ʱ뵽¶ľ棬߷ߵҳһµû£Ҿס
磬Ҫϲ¶ҿ԰ø㣬һУѣ¡֣ŲĲΪȻ˵
˲һһӵ˵ʲô˵һԿ
֣Ųһ˿죬ݼţЦԺѣҪΪŮ˺˵ԷսһȣǶһս㡣
տһۣˬľƱһһĶȵĵͦʹġ
Ҽһ¶ǣķˣ˵˰ս㣬ٺȵ㡣
˵ѵǱǰӣһ²һ£սҽˣŸɡ
պ˲٣ǰǰ׾ƣҲһƿƣҼģӺͼ˻ȭͷҼֱͶء
ҲҺȶϣһȥϸȥŷպǼߺͻȻĩ˵ĺ磬ʲô֮ĻЦЦ
Ȼȥ·ϣƳһۣſڲ֪ʱһȺСᣬƺʲôʱĳ濴
һʼûע⣬ҴӲҪذʱ򣬾Ϳ߰˸СȥˣžյһŭžžĴ
һ񣬾;Ϯһ磬ʶһͷǰһӰһҵϣ϶ʱġ
ԿǳͿüСɱڵĳ˹иһѿָҺԵأŪ


70 ˵ļ
һЩڵģҶʱֽţҲ˲ˣæȾܡ
С׷ģҼһ˳ˣ˳ֳ˸Ӿ˹ȥˣ߳ŭų˹
һżͻŲ·Ҽææ˼ҷֻصˣתѾˣһͷѾˡ
ұΣŤͷ˲
меһмŵ׷ҿŵһӣҲ˲ϵϣæܡ
ĸڣӹȥͷһСǴͷҧгݵĻĿӣļ˸ϽˣһһżͻˣС˳ȥȻصĹ˲š
ҿܣиľϰѣ˳ֳĿȺˡ
߰˸ˣһϵĻӣһʮֵţݺݵĵңƺҪ̻һ
Եģܰſָңɱڵĳ߹
ǲ֣Ųģ漸աַֽŭĺʵڸԼ׳
ôԵΪʲôأԭһɵ˻֪ˡ˵žͳҳ˹䣬ٳһ¡
һҧϰѾ͵˹ȥ
ֻһϰѱأϰѲϵĳˮһ񱩵һУһҵϣһĲ͵ˣϽðϰѹ˲վȵ
ҲܣԵĻһ֣ŭһſٴγ˹
ͬʱǼСһ˹
ҵʱͻֽţʱǽ첻ӦûطܣŹ֡
һżϰѹ˹ȥһ˲һСȥ
һϡһһӹһŶʱˡ
иսս棬ֵգգ۾һǿŵĺ⣬ŵĹƨľܳȥˣһ·С
ʱСҲĿವһ˹ŵһӣǿֱӶľϡ
յģС˵԰ŭģһСļһӾʹ˹Ҿһ
һӳһһ䵽ˣ˼ͷҪܣҪſˣһСŸˡ
ܣŪ㡣СһϣҾһȭߵġ
ÿǮ֣˵ŴԱһùӣһŲסңҾͶ
Ҹеɱ˰أҪСѱˡ
ҵڻ֪յҲ֪ܲܵеùЩˡ
ҵʱͻȻеһ£žѵһǸĿӲˣ𻨡
һ޴ӰҸǣһ̧ͷŭ乧
乧ͭŭۣǸûлʱ乧޴Ľֱӿң͸˹ȥ
ȥ赲ﻹüֱӾͱ߷ˣ˶ıȾһɧζ
С㶣ͷ˿ͻȻȻȥĳ乧˹ȥ
乧һѽץֱӳһӣ˵ץ
æ§סĲӣ乧˫һ첲ϵļͻһɨֻѵѵһ춯üСĿӺ͹Ӷˡ
乧ɨȥְһɨ˻鼸죬һӵСᡣ
乧ļϣӸµĿǼСᣬо乧ǰһȺСƵġ
꣬乧֪ǳʲôģ滳ˡ
ǼСĿ乧粽ȥе㵨ӵĺˡ乧һץסһмʹһСʱͷѪģ໲ҽ̱ȥ
ʣµļһʱеɵԥ֪òüˣĿ乧
ʱжмС˹ſӾͳ
ҸպһСģ乧ֵץҳǰһ˱ֻѵӺײĽ
£ۿм˳뻵ˣ˳հˣЩǹġ
Һһ
ļС̰Źˣ˻ϣҺ乧Χ˸ת
֪乧ΰߴôҲʮ˵Ķ֣˳ų»䣬û뵽һץһͷͽ˳ȥ
һæסԿǣֻ˼춯ײ˲ĴϣȻֱӵڵ˼ͷ
ͷתĺòҷѾ˾Ƶˣ￴ʲôҲֻɱ
乧ܰҽĺ˼ȻҼȥⴰܸǽҲ̫⻬˼ζû취ɹ
ʱԶиϤŭһͷƵſڣձСŤסˣˣмӡ֣Ųľվǰ
һŭĺţ֣Ųȥһƣʲô
еԶ̫壬ҺܷŭҿǣȴΪ
һżڸ˼שͷǱ߾ܡ
֣Ųģ𰡣СˡҺһһתͷ˹ȥ
֣ŲһͷžһשͷϣʱѪע
໵һҺңԱߵļСȥȥСյĵˡ
죬ɵȰܰҡռһڳǱ߳壬ɽĺ
ವĽשͷˣС΢Ķܺҳ˹
ҼʲôҲû룬ͷһȣȭͷͳȥˣҪƴˡ


71 ɱ
֣ŲļҲһеĳȥЦһվں濴Ϸ
ҳȥûüʩչȭţиСһŰҰڵˣһӳͷ
ҵʱˣһϣΧȭߵģԿͷգֱţһ߷ߵĺɵȰء
žһƣ֣Ųֱӳȹȥӱ죬б¾ͱԷ
֣Ųʺ˱ڣү֣ͣʲôսǵѪ˿Ťӣ̧źҵš
֣ŲŵæˣҧгݵָǼСҸÿ˼ǮҸҽҩѣ÷ɵȡ
֣ŲĵЩСᷢ˿Ƶĳᣬýңðҡ
һʱϵۣҾúֽźѾԼˣǴλƵġ
ʹпգɴ۾Ŀңҵһοƽʱôôʹ
ҵĴҿ˵ϻһˮڳҺʲôƺҪˣҵڽʧȥ֪
̫˵㡣֣Ų˵ŴһСùһӣҾͻ߹һŲҵϡ
ڵϣãҵ۾
ԣ㿴֣ŲžľҼơ
֣ŲĽֶݺݵ˵ղųԷʱǺ𣿻˵һ飬ھ͸㣬¶ǸСδޣչҪΪӵŮˣ䡣
֣ŲѣǮ˲𰡣ҼĲУ
֣ŲһŽҵֲסˣֳҶ˼£˻Ŀ˵ӾǮûУ¶Ҳῴˣӽͷ㡣
֣ŲҸү죬ʲôǱߺңСŤŸ첲ץġ
Сȣ㲻Ҫ˵ӽ쵱ˡ֣Ų˵ţһ˿Цݣ˦˦ͷźĿӷҵĿϡ
뷴СҲסҸǱĵ棬ߣŭɶȴΪ
֣Ųľ˿ӣˣ
ѵһ죬ǰһֱ֣ŲĵĿϣĽУҵ˿ӣֱ֣Ųĵţ֣Ųķ˳ȥ֣ŲһҺصˤڵϡ
һͷ乧׵˳һȺСᣬŭ׷ᡣ
ܣ乧Һһͷſ˴ֳȺ˹ȥܿͱǸΧסˡ
ǻʹ֪乧ɱΧĻᣬȴ·Ҳ߲ȣҸһһŸɨˡ
һͷһǳ¶ͻëëΧңһȭߡ
ĸڣ㻹ܣŪ㡣Ǳߴ
Ѿ۵ľĿ乧ΧԽԽСᳯ˹ȥ֪乧öԸ˶࣬Ƿֹץĸ첲ĴȣһȺ˽乧ѹ˵ϡ
֪乧Ȼǿ׳˫ȭѵ֣οʮˡ
֣Ųʱҡҡλεңȴò˿ӣһ仰Ҳ˵ֱӳҳѾ߳ŭˡ
Ҳ֪ôǼСģǳ乧ʱǷ
֣֮ŲĽҪҵʱ˹첲ҵһ
ս㡭ҿո첲ѪԵôĿҵĸžһ£ȴ¶ͳëס
֣Ųջؿӵʱ΢㶣һ˲̧߷ĿӣһסĲӣϥǸƵʵ϶һ֣ŲŶӹϺף̱˵ϡ
ղûзŹ֣ŲĵĲӣһȭͷһȭͷĹȥһ££¡
֣ŲĵͷȵҡţѪһѪģĿȫǡ
ǼС׷Ťס֣ŲĻ᳹׵Ļݡ
Ҫɱ㣬ɱ㡭һͷŭĸʨӣߺ޵ĵ֣ŲģܱŤţȻͼȥ֣Ųġ
֣ŲǱëģһѪĭӣһţһߵѪۺбٴ򰡣ɱҰӾ㰡
֣Ų˵ŹȥһĶ⣬ճûһ߹ȥһ͵ˡ
ŮˣҸÿ˼Ǯ֣Ųڵϣ߳ŭָա
һˣҿżС˿ӣյ
ս㡭ҾûѪӿձˣⱲӶԭԼ
ʮһΣһͻȻԼûгϢɵȺܲˣҾĿգãȻ޴롣
ηĿһۣعͷɨһǰ·ͻȻ˲мЦ⡣
Եļͷ㻹ЦΪӾ㣬ˣʱ䲻ܼһ𡣡֣Ųεĺ
ԸõӾ𣿡յ˪
֣Ų㶣ͻȻ˼ٵɲæͷȥ
Ƶſڣ̼ۼ˺üĦгͼСһȺꡣ
ﳭŸּһʲɱڵĳ߳˹
ڻлͷֻͷǸµСᣬŻŶһƤ磬һҧŭȳ˹һʱ䣬ɱ
ǰǣǣˡ
ҿ˿գɫúᣬһ˿ɱ


72 ү
ļСᷴӦһ첲⳯һһСɿա
һ´ľ磬һһ϶һӡһҺͷˤ˸Ľų졣
հأȭͷӻһƳץҵĳ¶ŵӣɿҳˡ
ҳû̧Űëͻëסң͵һ־ס˳ëͷһ§ס˻ëԿǣҧмһײ
һ죬˶ʱͷѪ޺̱ڵϴŹ
˿Ѿȥ˳¶ϣһȭ¶ͷţҴӱϼһӣͻ¶һʼˡ
Ұɣۡ¶׵İ
Ҳˣɿͷһ֣ŲĲ֪Ķȥˡ
ʱѾȺУһŮսʿȺкֱײ
Уҿ乧ȭͷһһ˦СӲı׿ˣ乧ǿĽƲȹȥһСᵱŶѪ
ɴһȺ˸쳣ǵļƣ֪ǾȺܵģԽԽ˷ܡ
ǵĵŤת˾棬ν
ҿЩСɢӣ֪ӮˣȻЩۡ
ڵϣգ׷һС
үģֱվסһȥһСƨϣСŻŵһͷԵˣͷŵĿһۣļ
սûӣһľԶؽлš˱ˡ
Բۣս㣬˿ɣһӽһС򷭣ͷպ
ճԶһۣæܹһץסңžߡ
쳷ȥ鷳һߺһĦгԿףȥñӾӸң̧һĦгͺ¡¡šų˦˦ͷͷ˲ôϣæȥˡ
£乧ô㣿һͷһۣ乧Ĵڳܹ
ͷȥǱСŰɡճ乧һָָҪߵİɡ
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73 Ѫ֮
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75 Ҷ
Ĵյ֣ŲĵĸǰһھҧĶϡ
þҸеһѪζȻ֣ŲĵĲҽС
һз̫죬֣Ųĸ̫Դˡ
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ҿ֣ŲŶҺţұģôǱźЦԽǴңԽЦ
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Բԣ˵ļٵģɻĿ֣Ųġ
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Һܽҷ¶ԽԽҴ乧ܡ
乧ҸճӣͣסˣŵĳԶš
ôˣ˵һֻһʮ˳ɽϳ˹


82 Ƕ
˺󡣡乧һ۳ȺҺ¶ͭĴۣĶǰ
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83 
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УһָָۣԱߵľƵϰ壬ٻģʱһ˶Ҫ⳥ģҺϰǾʶ˵㣬һǮţ
ӺͲ;ߣǧǮƵϰش
㿴ѾˣʦûȥֳǼֱǲҲ̶ãǻѧУѧôܸɳ¡Уҡķͷʹϧ˵
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Уһ߳ŭָſڶҺͬѧֱǽ̵޷ҹȥվ档


84 ɫͷһѵ
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85 
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86 ˳
죬㱣أʯͷ˷ۣವһܵûӰˡ
乧Ҳ˲óˣһ缸ԶһͲˡ
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87 
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88 
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89 ˮˮ
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96 
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97 
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һҲĺϷ绯ǿ򶨵˵ǵģʦôϰ壿
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ͷе㾪ʧ磬ԿǺͿˣ۾ӬˣǴˣȻͶİǶǸһġ
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99 
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ţһڹ⼱ͬڿգסǸ߸
߸һ񣬷ֲԾߣӱ˵ڵϡ
һһק߸ŵ棬յĸǰ̧űߣ߸ֵ˻ȥڵϹ˼Ȧʹ
˭˪ɨһܣıĴڵϣһ죬ɱڡ
ޣս㰡кϷˡΧ۵ѧȺ˵ʱ۷׷׵ģþȵա
ʣµļɵǳϻ̳ϿֵĿеޣͷƺһָʾ
ɫ䣬Ŀ¶׹⣬Ц˵һеôһ֣û뵽ҼʶˣҲŻӣӶȲǡ
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ѣΪɵȣ㺰ӣӾŪǣϡһ֣æˡ
һʱ䣬һʮ˳Һ˹ɱ


100 Ҳ
ͷսһһӹҵͷ
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޳Աߵһ˵ϣһԺյѪۣ۵ĴУͷ¡
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ҾͲö֪ˣģҶųȥˣһģȥ㣬Ҹ˵ǸϺءӺٺһЦ¶
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Ǿͺã¸һֱæҲûʱȥѧУٻ㡣Щǡ
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102 
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Һո߳ţֻϮһӰͷһһתľӣҵԿҹ
㿪պһһƿңһһȹȥһ¾ɢˣľм
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˫ʵҲЩ⣬ҪһЩƺеġ
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ɨһܣҶҵȺʱٿ˶ڵһһ߾ֵĽС˵ҲҪң˳ǽߣŹǡ
̺ЩѼŮڻ˳ǽڳſƶսץҵ֣һƿˣһ߾Ŀܡ
ʱ׳ſ׷ˣܵǼ˹Ƶľʧģһܵıһ˱󣬶ʱѪߣ絽ҵϡ
һӳҺվһ˹
Ҫܣֻһ߹ȥǺһĿӷˣϥ϶ֱӵĶӣһ첲ȥͷǺӵ°ϡ
ۿǺӵȥûлһӳ˹
ҿȥ§ĸ첲ӳҵıϾͿһ£һϥǳ϶£û뵽ƵվŲһžͰ߿ˣӾͳҿ
һɱӭ첲뵲סȴֻһڹžѵһǰѿ֮ңĵطӲķˡ
һ죬еըڶߣһӳȥǺӵһѪۣһУŭ˹
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žһ죬е޼ʱӳסǺӵĲһһקӵײײֽץ
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ӥҼǵʶǰǸͷУҲУҲУǼӵʱڣҸеĻҵģƳۿܣЩ˸ĺӸ첲϶С
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ѪǣҲԵģŪ㣡ʱһҧӵĵһۣһһͳ˹ȥ
Ѫ˫ҪһСȥ弰ʱϵﵶѵһĽѪӲı˺üǸСӻڣ͵һͶ㵽˰
Сӣ¸㻹˵㡣ѪվˣͷеĿѪЦЦмĶŰ塣
Ըò¸硣廰䣬һ˫յͿ˹ȥ
ѪǶݺݵĺһһ͵һԾһ߹ȥа¡
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ѵ
鼱֮һڵϽһǣѪǽһ˹ȥ
ܣü첲ϱһӣѪ
ڰۼֿ죬ÿӳԭһѪĵ档
һĻڵʯ֮䣬վڲԶĿɿڴѪڵӣֳ˫һЦĳƽʱ
Ѫǣ˭Ϊΰ嶼Ķ֣


103 

մһһûлͱײˣһѿӹҵͷ˹ȥ
ڷʲôɵأսעܡ
ֳһƬɧӥĺǷ˿һ˹
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ҵһս棬һȺŸ𲢡
Ѫǣ˳Ǹ磬ĺսթӥĶңӥĴɽӥ˭ҶɫϾһֽޣһֻҳԱˡ
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鼱֮£˳ֽһ˿ӣǰһֱӳҶͱ˹
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ڻʸ𣿡¸Ĵ˿Χһ붼ˡ
Ѫɫѿҳ˳򣬰յ˵ӣҲһҪΪ뱨𡣡
ô˵ǰҪ°ˣƾ⼸ˣҲڵʱ򣿡¸ÿѪ˼£˵
ӽˣɱӣҪȻӲưոݡѪǲĵ˵
ɽӥķϣҸһλᡣ¸粻Ųæ˵
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¸ͷ˿ңüͷҪǲأô
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¸ѪǺһ˵ӥĶѪǣȻ鴫˵гرӽǷǵøˡ
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¸磬Ҵġ
˶ע¸ѪǵʱͻȻһվ˳
С˵ѪǺɵĿң͸ɱ


104 Ҫ¸
ңѪǶݺݵӣͦһˡ
ѪһʱЦ¸˵ӣ°ﶼͷڹһСƨӳѵûС
žһ죬¸һѪǵϣѪǵĻȻֹŤͷŭĿԲɡ
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Ǹ硭ʱһ߹ѪǶֹһ䣬ȻĿ˿ҡ
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˵Ѿϳ˿̣ѪɱڵĿҡ
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Կ˵ȥס˳ѡ
յͷ󣬽ôϻ
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ųӿĺʱѾĺɫãƳϣԶƺҹɫƵ
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ţӦһûж
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УҹɫƺʱۣĹ¡


105 һ
С죬ȥĶ
Ҹմӽҳչ§ҵĲʡ
գս㣬Ȼȥ׬ѣǸüڡʯͷ֪ɶʱðģٺһЦҲ§ҵĲӣ˷ۡ
СʯͷɿС죬˭Ҫȥ׬ѵģһѽʯͷƿˣҾߡ
Ů˵һ䡣ĩҡӣɷнµ˵
Сӱ֣սҪСȥˣ˵˵ġ
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Բۣ죬㿴Уʯͷͷָָ
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СʲôԸӱϹϾ˵
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ҿ˿¶ҧź촽ཱུģߴԱߵļӵ㣬һȥ
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֪˰ɣŮåҪٶ֣ҿɲˣߡ¶Сǰͦһ塣
˭˭أС˵ɣ˭һ˵ϰԵ§ҵļ
Ҿá
ȻǸһ𡣡¶ҵĻ
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ھйϵˣ֤㿴
ջ䣬§ҵĲӰС˹ֻһʪȡ


106 ʲôϵ
ǵģҵ⧲ʱ
˶סˣҲû뵽
յǰԵȣ͸ذůٺϻһ㣬ԭҲ֪ʲôա
ҵֵģʪҴûйĸо
֤Уҵ֮ƵĿ¶أ֪ôе죬ҿıе㱡
Ůå¶ɴۣһһţһµǿȥŮåߣҲ뿴
˭ҶԿۿǼ˹еޣžһ죬ġ
Բۣʲôô㣿ʯͷŰۣͷ乧
Ů˺鷳乧˵žӸµĿ˿ңεҡҡͷ
廹ϵˣҳȥһƣץΣνѽĩŽҵĴûк꣬һӰȥˣյ޳˴ϣŵĩͷˡ
Ůåߡ¶ָֻŵģࡣ
ԲۣţȰ㿴ֲǺ˧ƾʲô¶пգôأⲻѧ
ԱһȺΧ۵˶۷׷׵ģҲ޿κΣأȻѾǼٴδѷѽġ
磬㣬㷢Ҫˣʯͷ˵Ź乧ϣһϷӡ
үģģʱձһһţյһӳȥǸӸ첲϶ʱһѪۡ߳ŭ˺ƵΧȥˡ
ˣˣ¶ҸߡҿмЩɺһ
˵ߣ˭ٸҪ˭ÿ¶С죬Ǹһʩ
Һܿɱıһһҵļžˡ
һͷҪ׷ȴסˣֻͣһ˦ͷУҪǸҶǼС죬սÿ
죬籣ءʯͷŰۣ乧ϳһӻ֣һֻӡ
Բۣѧ˰¶ҪȥĶأǿգˣΪֵ𡭡
ҹʲôʲôÿģŭһһӳڵϣһ죬ŵΧ۵˶ģ׷뿪ˡ
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û׷ǸˣԽԽҵҽ˹ȥȥˣҪ׷ȥһѸסˡ
Сȥޱ飬Ҿߡ
ſҳͺһԼúܳԾ
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СܣױƷľګ˵ţǰϻȥġ
εģѰǸӰ̳ģһʱǲۻˣ̫ҵˣЩɥ
ڣӦûȥҵģҶþûлؼˡ׻˵ÿѽڱ˼ףɡ
һȥʱ¶ĹĵĵۣСԹﰡӣʲô㿴ױƷÿ𣿡
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ô¶ɻңǲӣֿ˿塣
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ޣѽؼûУҪûеĻһɣСأˣ𣿡ٻô
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Сܰյ˵
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109 
ǵģһֱģ˵ˡҿɬһЦȥҵֻ˵¶ֻ׼ȷ˵նɽֻ
¶ͷңüʵʲô˼
ûʲô˼˵ʵ𣿡ҰֻĻѾķˣ˰ûзӦҰֻݸ¶
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ֻ㣬ǰûлˡ˵Ŷֻתߡ
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ұΪ¶Ѿı䣬ȫˣǸˣСۺͻƢĹС㣬Сܶ磬׿˵ġ
ԳЦţɵһڽϻƣҿŸ첲ϵӡޱȵķ̡
ιʦ죬ڻڷ𡭡ΪӲҸٻ˸绰һͷУܾƺ
졭һ⳵ͣ·ߵĵ绰ͤߣٻӴ̽ͷ֡
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ٻͻȻĬһüۼӹһ˿һ΢С߲ʦҪҽ̲ΣԾûȥ
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룬˿ڴϣҺٻһµģԲﲻؼҵˡ
ʵòˡǵٻСݣţţȥĲ˶˳
һŵζ;üˣҿٻĲˣɫζȫĺܺóԣҳȥ˲˵ʱ͵͵ĳһڣֱǽζ
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110 Ŵ
ٻһЩװͰ͵ģü˼ǽ첻⣬û׼
˵ʲôӾҪԣҪ㿪ѷݣһŭһֱӰӸƷڵˡ
һԷ⣬һûµĶٻ⺺ӳһźصĴͣɫеһЦơ
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ĸȣû˿ԣǴȵơһ˵ųҿ˿СӣŸʲôøˮƿëߣӲˮҪȾơ
ûоˣǺȲȣҽſˮƿĵǸӡ
ԵģС˵ʲô캺סˣһվָҾͺ
ٻһˣϽǰ˵λ治˼СӲ˵ҪȾƿԣȥãǲûˡ
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ӶʱЦеģǸ캺ûȥץٻ֣ٻһѾƱײˣæ˵Բ𣬿Ǵ캺ŭĿԲɣһٻϡ
ٻ͸ոպˣһӾ͵ȥ
æȥҳǵһۡ
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С˵ԱߵһԾһվ
žһһûеǻһƿһƽͷӵԿϣʱͻأơĭĵǣ鲣ӵһ
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ʱԱߵһͷӦһҵϣһͷԵڵϣҴ˼ǸͷӳҾˡ
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ڴʱСͻȻһۣûüһͷԵڵˣͷһǸ캺֪ʱܹģȻ͵Ϯҡ
ĸȣСյģŪ캺ֵģݺݵĳҾǺüŹֻߵش
ͷкƽͷҲˣһȭߵģֻԿǾܣ޻֮ˡ
סѽǱˡٻĲУּģһߺһܹ
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ٻһۣʵʵ˵ȥãǵҡ
ĥѣ㰡С˵ƽͷԿǣһš
ҵײײģĬĬߵ˳
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ԵĿͷСյǲ캺Ӳͷ˵
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111 Թ޻
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112 ҫ
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113 ¶Բ

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ΧôıԱҪʱĸϹȥҲǱ޳Ī
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Ⱥ²꣬Ϲ˷ܵЦݣϣʲôѿ


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Ҹմȥյʱйˣҷ̡
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ĸȵģ㲻ǺΪӲ֪˭ʲôᣬãǿЦѰ򰡺ݺݵĴ򡣡
ǸԲͷжݺݵţŵӳҾʹĿĹ֧Ųס¥ݷϡ
סңҾһȭߡ
˭ŭĵû뵽Ǹողųãʹ͵Ϯˡ
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Բͷ˵ţ˵ӳҺݺݵ
ץס󣬺ϾԱߵļϾͺҵȭߵģӱҵҡڡ
Եģɲ֣ԲͷбҧгݵŤŸ첲
Ҳ϶ۣһþصһͷʹװ
Բͷ⧲໵һҽУæɿűӡ
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ʶĳˣԲͷѾʮȿֺ׷ˡǰж½أ׷ҽˡ
ܰܰԵĿĶܣ㲻Ǻ𣬻һĿӣãʹΪֹϡ
Բͷ䣬һʮһҳΪռޣȻͬʱֻֻ߰ųߣȻǱҡڣһ
ѣǲƷһˣһ˲ˡ
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ԵģӹſͷԺһл죬Ӿ㡣Բͷв
Ҳб´ӣӡҧĨһǵѪ۾ͨɨǰһȺˡ
ԵĻӲѵԲͷ˵Žӹһֹܣֺĳ߹ֹܾͳͷ


116 һ
ѵ
һ죬һԲͷеĸֹܲҵĶ˳ȥžһ죬ϵһľӡ
ĸȣĸѴӣ໵һҺԲͷŸ첲ͷȥ
Ǹ磬Եģϡе
ڻΪ֮һϲɵȥʱֻдŸղڵĳˣҶʱй
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һˣҷŤ壬̧žߣʵ̫ˣֹжеıҵĸ첲еıҵȣǽסˣá
ҿк³Ǽôƴô¸ңܲζĿԼֵܰȴΪʱҾûá
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ǼץԲͷȥмƣղźţҵӣ
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ۿϹܲΪһѺˡ
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ѵˣһ첻ڶбŽһ˿˿Ļ
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һʱҽ˷ϵ˵ڵϣû뵽ŹֵĽԳϹô
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ҲԱԱߵŤһ
һʱ䣬ɱ˷ֳٴһƬս֮С


117 
Ҳĸõֵܸϰ
ǻսʱֻһź
һͷһӴһʮõ˹ˣѸٵļսС
ǵĵþܿת
ԲͷߵԭͱϹģԪˣмܣûþͿʼ׷׵ĶףǱӴˡ
Ҳӵʱ䣬սͽӽβҽһڵϺ˼ֹ֮һͷһǸԲͷæ롣
ŻղôţȻ׵ķŹ
ವһֱӽеĸֹ˹ȥֱӴԲͷеļϡ
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磬Եģ˵һֹܹȻһ̡֧
˿սֻԷ˺˵һأһ˶ɢˡ
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ӹţŭ˵ĸ
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ߣԸ˵ųӺʹ˸ɫ
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˵ģվסϻָţ⼸ʦܹʱ򣬺Ѿ߹ˣֻʣһվ
Σģ㿴ŰɡҲŲæӭȥ
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û⡣˵ŸߣʱҲһͷ
ڽѧ¥һϣȣ͸ӣȻһӣƵĵҡ


118 ô
վãǲ񻰡
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¶ҲҺգʱɴۣɵĿǣü΢С̾Ͳ˵ľ


119 УǮ
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տ˿¶ĸ첲Ȼ§ҵļ׼ߡ
ſڵסǣǾӣȻ¶ıʩԽԽǿˣѧУҲбػš
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СרõģҪȥһ˵
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Ůåûģ˵ǲҪֻϽߡ¶Բʢ˵˵
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˵ʲô֪ȰգԱëˣֻԱߵſϷ
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źڹһֱһڽ׶ȥವһһһקǱͷĽųĵˡ
ʣµģòչĿ࿴Ƿ˺ݣʹ˻Ӽֱա
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ôõĽ˴˿תɳƳأģеģ塣
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121 
ǰһŴߵˡ
һǰɫһǺɫ˵ڱεʵʵ˾Ī⡣
˫۾ȴϬޱȣ͸ߴҡ
ҲɰԳԾԽɻ

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123 ʮ
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·ֵʱԶԶĿ·ߣٻСʵĵƹ⣬ҿڳһͰˮ΢죬ֶ·߿ˮԴȡ
æŤͷȥҾҶԲٻ绰˵һҽȥˣ¶һѽҵ绰ڳϡ
¶񾭲ֲܲҺջļ绰
񾭲Ҿôˣ¶ӹĹĵģɴˮ۾Ʊ˵Ķҡ
㵽״һȥʲôյʵ


124 ɶ
죬Ҿȥô¶ŭĵҡ
ģȡְɣ顣ε˵
¶һѳסҵĶ˵˭ȡˣҵҪÿνȥһ治ʶô
һƿ֣յ˵¶Ҿ㰡ǰָֻŵģܹ֪֪ѻ˵ҪȻȥ
ҾͲ˵ôˣôսȥǶæȥ˼ҽôѣ¶ˡ
ս㲻һҲм
¶һôһˣǸŮå֪ܣ֪죬ƯֳҰĶҺˣ
סڣ˵ս㣬սǱãұҺã´βֲūҼ¶ôҾʹ
¶ԲҺð˵˵ʲôŮåҺã˵һ飿
Ҿ˵սһǧһ򱶣Ķã㲻ǱǮ͵ɪ㵱ѧУôҵʲôˣ
ӣ˵˵ôʰ㡣¶䣬ŷȭͳңĵֹţһԹ
һָҡһӰ첲ץסˣͣвУ¶ˡ
֣û¶ŭ
Ҳôˣ㲻Ҿͷſ˵ŸŤ¶֡
¶ˣſھҧҸ첲ˣ
۵һһһӡ¶ڶҧˡ
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ͣͣûУһˣȭͷӵλ
ӻͷһۣľګ˵ﲻͣá
ԣͣûУ˵һ߹ȥ
¶һʱסˣգգƯ۾ȵ񾭲
Ҳ¶һ߹ȥûκηӦҼվȥӡ
Ӹ첲һһǰһХŴԱ߲˹ȥܶʱ˷ŭ
˵һ죬һŤס˷̣һȭͷϣֱӵȥˣۿܳҪһ׷βӼٵṬ̌һڼѵĶ˹ȥһ𶯣оա
¶ŵĽһʧɫµȭͷҼ£Ļҵĺ񾭲뱻ײᡣ
ˬˣӻͷƳһۣû˵һ䣬¿ų
ŻţĶӣ֪ҲĶ֣ӳȥˡ
ᣬӡ¶ੲݵԹңղſ϶ˡ
ʵδأղǾյһĻʶղ̫嶯ˣɾһ亹Ҫٶȿ죬Ѿ˳ˡ
ӣᡣ¶ңԹҲˣҸɴŲˣŤͷųҹĻܲζ
¶˼´򲻶ˣ˵ô˵ˣ֪
ҰһۣĬ
ߣ´ôʰ㡣¶ཱུģ¡
һǲҾû˼
ʱ¶绰ˣӹ˵ְ֣ţϾ͵ޣõģһޡ
Ƴһ¶Цһ仨εεĸնɽ˵ЦģͻȻҾǸˡֻҲ֪¶Ҫһȥʲô

ͣռұһ򿪣ҾͿһȺվﻶӭŴǵһЩҵʿܶ඼ģ쵼ģ
Ǿ۵Ŀ¶ӳһĹƣЦӯӯһά
ڻУ¶һĹͤͤƲĳ˵ͷ΢ЦԵŶ󷽣һҲǸղǸˣƢֱŤСŮ
ҸȥֻĴƺŵƽʣԻͲãҶӶڽæµţܰӣǸɫˮͻԣиϾˮ
ЩƯĲڵƹҫԣҫۡ
ԭûʲôʶҲǵһοֵľһʱеۻҡ
˵Сȥ·һϽ
ʲôӡ
Сᣬ㲻֪ľګ˵ţеһƴ治֪ռҵ˺Ϊʲôһࡣ
ҿֳæµкˣ¶أڻصȫͱһˣЩķӭʿףأЦĻ֦ҲȺĿĽ㡣
ҵȥ¥ݷܾø롣
ҿŴϷһոµĻ·ôҫһǼֵˡ
˿ڴϣܾ·ң¶ҪҴϣ϶Ҵ̫ᶪӡ
ֻû뵽ǣ¶ȻһգǺ̵ܷ飬ԶôϷ绯
ڷ㶣¥жһͷڳ¥ߡ
첲϶˺üӣ滹мƣȻɣǾˮȥľǲ
̡Һһߵſȥ
ޣˣ·ϰɣһСɶҪʼˣȥͶϰкء̻ͷЦһƣȻôĺͰ
յİٻˣٿ̵ıӰȻ·ȻôϤԽɻ
¥ݿϵţһڷɻ죬ôû·أ
̣ǰٻݵ˰ɣյʦԲԣֱ˵ʵ


125 
ʲôٻݣ˭㶣Ŀңɻ
ҿϰ죬ϣﲶ׽һϢʲô쳣ûз֡
̣װͦģʵʵ˵ɣҪأֲ书ҹɵ˵ţʵﻹǺܺġ
ЦЦҵͷ˵˵ʲôѽҪѧÿϳԿ࣬˵һϹͷˣαҪ˵أ
ҿϼ֣Ǿ²ɣƤڰٻݿģԽɻ̣ΪʲôҪЩŮͽѽأ̫˵㣬Ҳġ
⺢ӣ˰ɣôأ˵Ҷͷҡҡͷɣûѽ·ˣСרŸġһҪȥæ
̡Ҽתߣֽס
ȥɣȥɡ̺ͰЦţȻҴææȥˡ
еɥͷһ
ˣ˭ʲôϵأҲ˵ֺǵģʲôԭɡ

һдһͷСܹˣҷֳһ㣬ֻȣϲţͷ
Сյģʲôء˵Сһơ
һоͼβܣҹںŽ붺׷ſڣͿ¶վ¥ϵۡ
СæܹȥȻͷңܵ⣬˼ˡ
ȻСܣ¶Ĺĵġ
ĶУͼƱ磬תȥ׼ݡ
ҶˣԽԽˣߡ¶ҧź촽ЩıСܣһۡ
ôģһֻ𣿡Ҳͷ˵
㣬죬ȿ˿ôʰ㣬ȥ·¶˵ŰСܱţĳ¥ߣСܻͷͷз۾¶Ļ
ӴӺľګĿһۣȻһſվڡ
صһŹˡԳЦЦصȥ׻·ವڵϣýŲҾû˸׼ȥա
صһҵ¥ݷűƿˣһͷһڶңһɻ
Բ֪ŰҿӾִ򲻹
Ӳɫüͷ˵Сȥһˡ
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һû˵꣬ӹһѽһĴ󣬶廹׳ƮƮҾͳ¥ߡ
ȭͷңýߣǾǽϣһ㷴ӦûС
ҲãſӡҾӱ廹ҳһ취ûС
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ڵϴ˸ʱ򿴼СֻĿңͷ£ȻŤͷɳϿƬ
ӣ㡣ʱ¶̽ͷ¶ŰļĿҺ
ɶҲͷ˵
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ε߹ȥ¶һ¶һ֣˿ǰĹأ¶żƯǺۡ
Ÿ¶ߴ
̵߹ȥ¶ڶžλһλεģţ΢΢źΡ
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ʲôòÿ¶ɵ
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ᣬ˵˫ÿ¶
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¶ˣСˣ֪ʲô߰ɣ·ϣҪȻ˼ҿΪǰæķأȥɡ
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ڽˣ˸ңڣϽطȥ
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һʱ׶ڻĵƹҫ£¶նɽֱۣĿƲ˳ȥ
ջǻ׻·վڱһ￴¶ôҫôˣǵĺȲʺĽаͦأ·綼Ϊת
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ʱҿһװĵİ˴Ҵҵ߹ײһҶϡ
˼İ˳ŷҶεЦЦ¶ɫһ⣬æͷҴҵȺﴩ


126 Ĳ
ǵģҺܿ뵽Ǹӣֻ˿Щİ
ѵױˣ
һЩɻҾĵĸһ̽
ҿǸ뿪Ⱥϴּ䷽ȥҲĸ
ҵģ϶ǻģռұôأ㲻ʲôңĲ
ռұĹϴּܴҲģǸ˵ͷߵĺܿ죬һó˵绰ȻµĽϴּ䡣
Ĵ˿еţƻģô϶óȻ֣ϾܶǱں˵ռұ˿̾ͭǽڡ
ԸֻˣҲֻǸͬ˰ˡ
ҸǸ˽ϴּ䣬ҵͷߵһʱ˵
磬ңҽˡ
һڣͲһҼ£Ǹ˭
ҸеԾ⵽Ǹʲô֯Ҳ̫˵㣬ȻǱռұˣҲóѡ
ôţϸ˵ʲôȴֻлĳˮҾȥ͵Ϯڵ俴˿иϰѣҽȻŵ˳ȥ
صһһŰԱߵŸ߿ˡ
һסˣֻһ󸹱ڶ׿ӣͷ۾յ˵Ҳԣʲô
ޣϵأ˼ϵءҺΣװϰڵ£εѸǸ˵ټһƿƲҾͶȥûκη֡
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ռҵӶ˶ôɣôõ·ɨǸ׿ӵֹš
ҸЦּװµأȻٵ뿪ˡ
̫ˣǸĪǷңȻ˰ɣûе
Ҵɻղ˵Ļ
УҲòҾ緢Ҫ취ֹҿֵֺȺ¶Щ̸Цôңڣôĸ߸ϣնɽԱߣͿ˵Цġ
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ֳЩ£
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˵ģҸղŻˣˡһ˵
룬˿Щͣ˵²Ҫҽֻţʩĺܺã㲻ҪϹˣµġ
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üͷĴ˿˵˵̫ձˣôңܲܰȥŲɣ㿴ЩͣǹͰö쵼Ҳ˶ɫݡ
һɲЩ̸˵صˣǽҲģ˵壬Ǹ˿϶ɱģ÷ԸСĵ㡣
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֪ңҸһ׳˶һ㣬ȥе㶶
ʱԱߵļԿˣǼװ΢Цſңµĺϡ
¶أȻǿˣúɵңе㽹Ƶġ
ɣ㸸ĸĶ߾ͣţͷһ˵һҵ֡
ҵֵصģû衣˵ҲʼҿǼŮصĲм
¶أƺе㲻˵ҧҧ촽
Ҹǹֵ̾ľֳегҽ־ȣ־װģģȴʱˣͨ졣
ҲȾƣ˼˵ʹȫܸо־ڷȻȥȻôܴ򣬿Сʱ򾭳ҵ򣬻ҪȥˮֵأǿԵġ
ȾƣôУܸˣʶ㡣־ճŲסˣ˵϶ģæ֡
죬Ƕҳͬѧʶ¶ü΢壬С졣
Ҽ⼸ŮҺȤģҲƴǣͶһƱ־˵Ҳʶ㣬Ҿһ
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еˣ¶ȥޡʱһŮһ¡
һͷҶһһ˶ߵĴ󵰸ˣʮ֧ƯĴԡ
վȺУ¶ٴγ˾ĿնɽһŴ󵶲濪ʼеˣףУ¶һҸЦ⣬ˡ
¶ʮգҲҵʮա


127 
壬з𣿡
ȺУҿӱȥ
ңȥģ²ġҵļתˡ
Ҽ弱Ҵҵı߱߸ͨﻹǽģĴ˳򣬴˿ɶԵĸ߳ڣ̸Ũһ߳ԺȽһŸֽĿݣʮֵ֡
Ҳ֪Ǳߵ˻ѡôķʽ֣ӦòϴƺϵǴδɱĳʱ½ӽ¶նɽ֪ı¡
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¶ͷһü壬ǸŮˣСԵúܲˡ


128 
һٸźĹŽ׵ЦݣⱦԼ󷽡նɽĸ첲һ˵Ȼ󲨡
ĳ֣Ȼ̾ͳΪĿĽ㣬룬Ӧʱշˡ
˵նɽŮ˰ǲ򵥵һˣе
ȷǴʻòϣշ˶Ƶٮٮߡ
¶أһշˣͳ˵⣬ϷŭСˡ
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ҴûпԸŮƺʱᷴĿɳ
ޣҪģ¶ҾһưɣտŶշæԲƹݸ¶һ¶ŲϽӡ
Ա߿ţЩѾˣԭռҴС㣬˿ȴĿƢܲ⡣
նɽһ¶ģ˵ʲôȴ¶˦ˡ
¶㰢̾ءնɽȴǲŭ
¶ʧĿնɽһִۣշӹ˾Ʊûжֱӵշ˵ϣˤڵ֧顣
ǺմȾշƯ·һƬѪ졣
̨¶ʱһշɫɷףȴȻǿЦ
նɽϽȴշ˲ã¶һۣ֡
ûϵģһͿˣ¶û°ɣշüۼŻңί
Բе㲻طϢˣλ뾡ˡ¶˵ſɬһЦҵͷȻͷҲصķȥཱུ߽˱
Ӻͼæ¶
ֳһʱ۷׷׵ģ֪˭Ҳ˵ֻǿնɽճ
˼ʧһ¡նɽЦݿ䣬Щε˵ţշ˳ߣȻҪȥһ·ˡ
죬ȥ¶ûϵնɽھҵʱ򣬵ͷô˵һ䣬ҵļȻշ˳¥ߡ
ұԸȥռҵ£Ȼ뵽նɽҵչˣ뵽¶Թӣе㲻ʹ죬ҿԿ¶ַƢԿȡ֣ҵ¥ʱ򣬿ڷĬĬţſڣ΢΢ķͻȻ
¶û°ɣ㡣վſڣе㲻֪롣
¶عͷﱧһһŮ˵Ƭź¶ͬüۺգ΢Цţʤա
ҿ¶ƯĴ۾ڴתǿĲ¡
ͷƳһۣתȥƬĬ
һǵһο¶ӣԹѹÿΣյʱҲģһּȵĴǿֻźͺ¡
ôˣҾ˵һϻеҵİֽݸ¶ʵĿ˿ңȴȻͷƯŮˡ
裿Сʵ
¶˵ͷӨˮ˳ջϣæȥСĵĲá
أҾҵɵ
¶ҡҡͷҧź촽ʲôҲ˵
ҿźżͷҶڵأûǿɲа
¶˵ݣĨһ۾ʵûƯ𣿡
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¶С죬ˮ˵𣿡
ģҿҲϲҲ֪˵¶᲻ܵ㡣
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ʶжʱˣû뵽Ҳ˵ʣҵʱ֪ʲô飬ҿӣȥᣬȻûж
ûҪģôԵ˵ţ¶ȥˮ
¶Ϸһ˿ɬЦ⣬գգ۽ëͷƬ૵˵ˣ롣
һҾ¶ǸСŮ˳Ҫ۰
Ƭûأҵ˵ǼġҰ뿪Ц˵ţ˿ҵǾҺ¶ͬ
¶ЩȵңƯϻˮЩ˵˵Ҳǵ賤ˣһƬ⻹ĵĲء
ޣ˸ƯŮˣ˵
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Ҳ֪ɣʵ
Ұְû˵ҪȻҲŲأҲ뿴ǸŮˡ¶
һ˵ʲôʱſˣһͷշվſһΡ
նɽ͸ŭ𱸵Ķ¶ɫЩ


129 ʤ
¶ô£̫˸ղšնɽŭһ͸ޱȵϡ
¶İƬҲ˵ߵ߿档
㰢̵ǸûնɽĿɡ
˶ɽ¶գҲСģȥ˰ɣշ˺ɫȰ˵ţһƯۣߺۡ
¶ƽʱڣ춼ʮˣôʶôҼȻҼ棬Ҿ͵¹ءնɽ¶˵¶ûУ
ҾͲϢˡ¶ҧ촽ͷʱˮôίԹ
ҿʲôһ£æնɽ˵壬Ҫ˰ɣ
նɽĿһۣ̾¶ô¾ͺˣȡ֣ռҵӶˣЩ˱治˵ʲô¶Ц
ǾȥЦˣᣬǶȥҲ¶ܻŶ䣬Եý겻
֣֪ղζʲôڴҵնɽû˵
¶һ㶣ǿС˵ΪŮˣ
շһ¶ָԼɫѿȴȻЦ¶ղŶԼСģ㲻ҪӾͲˣ㿴أӦøء
շ˵ŹȥҪ¶ᣬ¶һ˦֡
ٴȱˣҲ뿴㣬ߡ¶ԲŽš
շ˶ʱסˣǳ鴤ȴʲôҲ˵ˡ
죬¶ԽԽˣɺͳϽȥԼʰһ£Һ㰢㣬Ҫ˿Цնɽŭ
ȥҾǲȥҪȥŮȥҲûŮ¶Թ
˵ʲôնɽüһ˿ŭߵ¶ǰ¶̫ʧˣұΪ㳤ˣȻ˵Ļ
ǣҾǲϲߣҳȥ¶ཱུ˵
㡭նɽʵ޿ˣ˰ƣٵ¶ͷ
¶۾գգȻǿͷ۾ĴģһỬϡ
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նɽֲһ£һķص̾Ϣһ
¶Թޣҧһ촽ʧ˵ְ֣ȻҪңΪŮˣˣֻŮ˶𣿡
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¶ȻһЦѾҪˣ𣿡
ʱһƬĬΣ䵽˼㡣
ҵһοռҷ״ԭΪռǮƣʳǵ¶ǧҫһȴûϵҲ˺Ρ
Ȼûϵǣ黹ԽԽҡ
շͼˮݸ¶ʱ¶Ȼֱշ˵ϣշ˵Ϻ϶ʪˣĨĨȴȻǿЦݡ
ԲɽһеҪ죬ҪȥˡշǴùģ¶һۣգ۾Ťͷˡ
ҿշͷߵĺܿ졣
¶̫ˣҺʧնɽһ䣬ȥ׷շˡ
¶أƯò԰ףĿǽȥͷڱ
һҾɵһΪⳡìܵļ֤ߣҼȲԹֲۣ֪ôȥȰ¶
ȥȥο¶Ťƿң޵ĺģġ
ǶôһзվۻᣬĿ¶ޣҾԱ
¹ӳչȻЩǰֵıǣֻΪϼۺʵˣǶԣֶһ̸š
ҿ¶һֱͷҴûмôĹԭΪĹǣŪ֪ߵغ񣬿Ǵ˿ЦݶݳƷ
һ˲䣬ͻȻ¶ܿǸ߸ϵһĲֵ
ģֻԱţֱ̧ͣͷңĴ۾ˣֽһһԹշ˵Ĳǡ
ҪСܣ԰𣿡¶Ŀң͸ڴ
ƽʱһȻܾ¶Ҫ󣬿ڣͻȻףʱҸѰο
¶أֻСܣǸĲĳˣᱳ
ǵģ¶ΪǮƵİְնɽѾΪշ˱ˡ
СܿԶģ˿СȻҪǿ
һҲԴף٣¶ûиߣ
ȥʱЩѾʼϯˣвҵңڵȴʲô
ҿնɽĳӿ˱ǸշˣĨᣬնɽڰο
ӣշ˻Ǵ㳷ˣǴ˿ӮˣնɽԱߡ
ȺѰСܣҺ˼ûκεķӦҵң˱ĺԺƫƧ
ҿСܺһֻС׹ڹľԺСﱼԾŶԷ
ˣֻѩ׵ĹСܵĹϱ
Сܣ㡣վһ÷羰ǰСܡ

Сܳҽ˼ҪȥСͻȻһװͰ͵ӡ
ԭΪֻҽԼᣬȻҽлС׹ҲҽԽԽ׺ݣë
Ҳһ㶣ҷֲ̫Ծʱ򣬲нŲ
һͷһǸĳЦ¶ɫݣһ⡣
һʶĺһֿٵסҵ͡
ҷʤø첲⳯˼£ȴȻҡ
ŵһɴ̱ǵҩζͻȻеƤܣͷǵģ֫ǰһھ̱ȥ


130 绰
߰ллĵռұſڣһڳŵıʹк
ˣռдܵ˵ı΢΢һЦ¶ɫĸعͷ§һЩ߳ȥġ
ĵˣҡ
Ժü۾ȴ˵ȴҲŲ͸зƤǰǸ˿ûлɵ˼ŷС

Сܵǣлţ죬ëӣǸͳ˹ȥ
һ§ҵĲӼӿ˲ӡ
Сܿ˹ۿҧסӵĿȣſڵıڼʱס
Сĳﹷ˼ڱǸıסСܣСȻиͣ
ЦЦͷ§ҳţ˳
κģǺ˾ƣۣ͸ռұԶȥǵһôᡣ
ҹ۲쳵δ󺺣һڿһĶҡ
ϺҵĨ˼ѣָĿߴٵ㡣
磬СǸʲôģӲʵ
ԵģСӸռҹϵǳӹ۲ܾˣСӾȻӣȥҲȥӸղȥԺ鿴ΣҲȥˣӾͰץˡֵ
ץëãֲռҵˡƵ
ӵһۣЦøӣΪռôöԸģжǺѵģҸ㱨ˣ˼Ǽ£תһȦ޴֣ץСӻȥ
иѼֵȥҲɱӶݺݵ˵
ܸռһɣӿռҴС裬϶ϵһ㣬ҪǰСӸˣռ˿϶᳤ԡӵ˵
Ժǵ̸ȻһʶұܵĶ˶Ҫ
صһԱߵĺһȭͷԿϣŭСӣˣʲôҩôһʧЧˣ
ƨ׼ҩԸռҴСģû취֣̫ɭˣҿСյʲô˵Űҵ쾾һ⡣
Ҷоֻۣͷεۣ޵Ŀӡ
Եģռʲôϵ˵һԿϡ
˵ͷûֻĿǡĽֵһʱѾ˰ˣҲϡ١
磬Сɵ˰ɣҪѵ㣿Աߵĺ
ӵͷӶͳСƿӳ˼¡
ҶʱǺǣһʹ˼磬Ӷ
ӣ˵ռʲôϵ˵һȭͷҶϡ
ȭͷҹȥģûκεķӦŭˣһӾŤҵĸ첲Ҷʱá
ԱߵĺָҼȭͷʵˡ
ȣбɱӡ
ЦСģռɱ㲻㣬һ֤ʹ죬ڿԸҴˣ˵һῼһ·
ʲôϵûУǱѾˡ˵
㲻ʵɫơ˵ͳһСӣǰȻһ£ֱҸ첲ϸһʱѪ
۵ĲУҧ˵˵ҵռμġ
ƨƭӵİɣӺɵ
Ų㡣û
磬СҲѰɣ磬ҲǮĹӣĪץˣвռ˰ɣԱߵĺѵ
ĸȣھˣʡ鷳С֪̫ˡ˵žסҵĲӣСӾ
Ȼ磬ڳϸˣҸضϴŪһӲ˰쳵ԱߵĴЩյ˵
ԲҪʱ䣬ٸӆˡ˵žͰѵӳҲϲ
һŤһӣӻҵƤ⣬ͱλϡ
Сյģ㻹ҷŪ㡭Ҫңû˵꣬˴̶ֻ
㶣ͣʵĸֻˣ
ԱߵĺֻĺҡҡͷȻӿҵĿڴֻƹ˸
æ˳һ½ˡ
ιĶأСҡ¶
ҶʱҸ˵ֱӰסˣҶ˵绰ȻЦ
СӣռСİɣʵ
ҵ绰ûд¶ĺ룬Ʊƨ֪ĸģ϶ˡ
žһһϣŭ㻹ӲΪӶˣ¶
հ磬ռССӴ绰ȥʲôϵԱߵĺʵ
ٺ٣һǹϵһˡӵЦţȻĶңѵӼҵĲ˵Сӣǲ˵Ҳ֪ǹϵѰ
ôе
˵أӸղŲְɱˣڿӼ񵽱˵
ʲô˼磿ɱСˣëߣԱߵĺɻ
һƣŭԵСвնɽȻһôˣ϶ܿĵġ
ʱ򣬵绰ӿ˿ԽĿ϶ƣСִ绰ˣͲסįСˣղʱüȥģˡ
ף磬СӰ¶Լǲл𣿡ԱߵĺЦһΪԼ뷨⡣


131 
⣬ô졣˵žԱߵĺӴ绰
Ҳ԰Ҳ̫˰ɣһҧӵϣ
һƣĺʵ㣬˭ԵĵùߵĸռҳϹϵӦռС椵СѰɣ
ƨ㹷յóѣӲϵġҷŭ˵
ʱԱߵĺӴ˵绰ƤסˣȻ˵ҸղŸ绰ˣ˵Ѿ˺ֹܶһͻϵģ㡣
ãڸСˡ˵ҼȭͷŭСӣϵ㣬ҪԼ¶͵
Աߵĺæҵĵ绰ó׼ȥһϣиһ⡣
գӸʲôǺӶʱˡ
ֻù˿˵𰡣һСյڵ绰Ҫô㣿
ǣǲ绰ôŪǺεʵ
Ű룬ģҪô椵ģ㣬Ҳ롣ӳĺӺ
⻹ף˵Сϣ͵ʰԱߵĺ
žһƹȥ˵𰡣ΪռôöԸҪĵĽУҪǸСƭ
ǱѾˣ¶ҵģġҼ룬ҷĲ٣˵¶֪ұץˣ֪ˣҲҵİɣ϶ΪڿЦءҵ΢ġ
ͷ鲻ãƺµ㣬ɢĺ䲻ðһ䡣
Բۣ⣬ô˵žͿʼϢˡ
ҵʱúЦ¶ģʱǿԷˣֻԼİΣǸδ֪ˣ׺ռôأΪʲôһδεİϮռˣ
˭ϴ󣿡ͻȻʵ
һ㶣˵Сӣٰ֪ˣһ¶㶼Ҫӡ
֪Ҫˣ׵㡣һȻӡ
ԣ㼸£ҲͿⶼѰ·˿⣬Աߵĺӿңߴ˾㡣
ӿƺŵʱѾǴҹĹ⾰ұǶסͣϴקĴŵ¡
Ӳ鿴˵κӿңͷԵĵŶ³ߵ·
ˣ׼ȥӦ˵һֻ·Ͽ˺ü½˶ʮ˸ĺӡ
磬ռҵʲôʱ򵽣һīĺӣǸͷġ
غãĵĵȴˣʵ
ͷ˵絣ĸ㲻ϾռҵЩں̫ܶ࣬öԸҺ˵ָ᲻
˾ϣ˵ıϻˣӲغˣҪ¶šӻӻк
һȺӶʱ׷״ӳͳ˿ӱ䣬ȻɢڴܣеװɢģеľͲŶӸе˾Ȼ˺ߵȥ
ûĹЩ˾ͷɢˣ֪Ȼ
Ҽǳϻ̳Ͽ֣ɫ裬ҾǾǰæһƾҵһֻţ¶ôܻء
ҿҹɫĺˮģ֪ȴҵ˻ʲô
ˣע⡣ضźߵĹ·м˹ǰһ¶ܳ
һ۾Ϳ¶ĲĻ
εĴ˿Ȼ˳óֻ绰ӺʮԴĿܡ
졭¶һü˿С쿴ŵ绰
룬ӦǸҴ绰ҵĵ绰类Ӹصˡ
һĸܣ¶ĵ֮ǰеĲ롣ٴҼһȺڳǰҶеᷳ
ڣ¶ˣΪңΪһԣ¶Լˣܳ
ΪһҲңˡϣֻ·ֻƺҹʵȴǲпġ
¶ϽߣȴãҲסˣһҵĺ絶
ԵģС㻹еͣȻܰռҴСԼ㻹Ǹ͸˷ܣóֻ˵λҵĿһϣû׽¶
ӻ䣬˷ͻȻͳ˶ʮˣ¶˹ȥ
ֹȴΪԱӰģýŲңﱻţصķĿЩ˳¶ȥˡ
¶ʱʧ룬æˡ
ӷӦٶȺܿ죬ۿһѿӷɹһһ߷ˣ¶ͳߵıںϽС㳷ˣ㡣
˵꣬һȺУһסһӵĲӣʹһŤǺͷһͷԵڵˡӼ˿ӣԱߵĺӾͻӹȥˣ䣬Ǻӵĸ첲ʱ˳ȥѪһء
¶ڻŵĻʧɫڻųܳߣֳ˺üӣĻ¶ǼӶԴ
ʱӾ˾Ȼһʱ䲻£ѷᡣ
ȻһסӾͷӵĳ¶Χ˹ȥʮȻҲ˸ģȴԳ˰֮ƣЩˡ
һз̫ˣռҵıҲ⧲
Ҳ֪¶ΪʲôһҿͷڵϣʧĿߵıѪģĵ£ôͿֻţǴŵıɷף
ڣһӽ¶ߵһڴڵϺſӾͳ¶˹ȥſӾҪȥ
¶ŵһӵڵϣæҵĳŲţۿΣڵϦ
ҼĲУԱߵһӲע⣬̧ĿϣͷݺݵײһӵĶϣĵĳܹȥ
Ҳûһ׷һžͰɨڵˡ
ڵۿǸӳ¶ȴΪ


132 ԧ
С߰ǧһʱ̣һڵϵıڱסǸӵĴȣ¶Ϳ
ԵģŪ㡣Ǹ˵䣬ıڸ첲Ѫģ˵ѪУɻǽץסӵȣǺӺýų
¶ŵļţæŲ·ţô磬ڻҵȺʱʱˣÿк׷ϡ
мƴס治֪¶ܳŶá
ʱ¶ܵ˳ӸǰһһӶȥ¶պŵĵڵϣӶ˳Ͻһǡ
¶˳¶Ǹӳ˿ӣͷȥѰ¶ֽȥץ
¶ŽţȴǱץס˳ʧŤӽ
ǶܣСǣӡ
ವһǺӻδ䣬һѿֱӶıϣֻһ粽ȥһץ˿ӣӵıʱѪһ
ԱһӳӳһӾһӣ߱ŽУǺӵĿӲˣһŤסǺӵԿǣųӾײ˹ȥǺҡ¾͵ˡ
Сߣ졣һֽ¶һſ赲
ʱӴӵˣߺһеĴ󺺶һ·ֱ¶Ӷȥ
ֳ˵һˣʮڵһ룬мˣڵһϢģһҵ󣬾ֻʣ»Ѫӻ¶ߴˡ
ģӺ¶ǱΧסˣӿһֻ¶һѪܵĵ۾Ķǰˡ
ԵģӸһᣬſС椣㲻ſָӣʮ󺺣ɱڵΧš
ɱҡͳľګϵѪ۷Ŀ
ԵģǸСӴӺһܿӰҸˡ
¶ʧģǾ֣Ŀҡ
Բ𣬶ҵĴȴ޿κΡ
ӿ˿ңĿյĸһЩ϶ǻĿӣһƬѪ죬·մϣôľǿ
û¶ʵĽǣԴߣܻġŭ˵ţƵӸǰ
ʱҿ¶ҾˣʱҾ㹻ǿһ㣬Ͳ⼸˶ڲˡ
ϻ˵Ӵһһ͹ȥˣԱһӦء
ӶʱӾΧȥ
ӱĻҪͣһ¶ӲɱһѪ·ֱ߳˹
ӳ˿ӣȻƹȥ赲ۿĿӳ£һһɱұӹȥ˻˻һϵĴӲıˡ
ͬʱӽ¶ֽң̧߷һˣͷŭϽСߣ졭
һûüͷӳһȥˣѪעȻӲ߷ǰӣҺ¶˳ȥ
ֻûѪҺڣ˲ö룬¶֣Ų·Ŀ񱼶ȥ
һȺΧӾ˹ȥӸûˡ
һͷӴźü׷ˣź¶ܣ¶ѾŵĻˣĵĸܲ졣
ҿɫô԰ףôͻȻʱҺӵĳСùݵһҹڽһҹһΣ޿ɱҪһ
ٴβɱķΨһľһͷͼſ׷ᣬôɱڣôڡ
Ҿ룬һǿߣܵӦǡ
һҷģҺ¶ӹ˽٣һҪǿ
ĸȿĶܣվסһһߺš
ֻϮһɱæ¶ͷವһһѿӴͷӹȥ˲룬¶񱼡
ǰ棬ƺţ˿̴ڸˮڣˮȥİߣɳ¶
Ѿ޿ˣֻܼǰУҺ¶һǳһŵ̤˼ɳ󣬼ӽѾֻмԶľˡ
һҾüһһͷһѿӴұӼϻȥҵϢһɷջ˿ӣٴγ˹
Ҷ޿ɶ㣬¶һɳ֮С
ǺһЦ̤ɳֻһ֮ңĵطͻȻһһɳӼٵ³ܿݽȥ䡣
Ӽ۴ʧҪﻹ˵ңԽԽݵøֻʣֺֻԿ棬ͣš
𰡣СģӵأӾѿȥǸӣӶݺݵļǳ˹
Һ¶ãɵĵطպúܰȫ¶һͣƯȹȾĲӣҲģæҵҪæס
𶯣ɺáҺһұģ¶æˣץҵ֡
Ҳ𡭡һӾһǲԶĵطͻȻӳȥܿͱɳûؿˣֻŵĺž
ļ˭ҶĿǸȥ
Ե׷ӡҵʱҲѣþ춼ǣȻûǲȵӣץ˼;ͳǼҹȥ
ӸհǸӺòӹȥϣʱֻʣ۾գš
ҲԵģСյġ߳ŭеĿӾͳ˹
˳һͱ¶ȥˣӾбԱߡ
ҿ˿¶˸ˣҲòĶȥ
ǣҲԿӡ
һżǰѿӳɳţһҾ͵סһѣֻॵһ죬ǰŽһĻǡ
ܿ˿ӣҾķҺ¶֮࣬ҿ˿ĿӣʱЦ
ԵǻӰڸˡ˵žſһ¾ŵļӳˣиӽһҽһͳˣ⼸æס˭Ųһ½Ų
СյģŻӣվ˱𶯣һѿ¸ѡӺһ
һſ̽ţҳһ֣Ӿæͷؿӣ˼κǲϵˡ
ңҡ˵ŴӵͣҺ¶ҡ
ҲЧ£һʱһͳҺ¶ǵصķ˹
ʵûϵһѪȵıɱݱСʹ̡ǺܿЦϷ绯
ĸȣӵǿСʱڴҺСûڳʹ̣⼸ֵĺõӿ˺׼;Ͳˡ
ۿһŵͷɹұ¶ĶǺǼӸ˼ԶҵģȻмҹˣʲôϵأϾȱӿһЩ
ҰĿӷˣҿɲӹȥΪǵ
ץңҵġҶ¶˵
¶ɵĶһͷȥץͣಾӹȥˡ
žž£϶ʱģģգۣһﶼ͡
ӰҾúܽǼӹȥˣžž£ֱǰٷС
³׵İӸëˣźСӹŪ㡣
б¹ƵĶǡ
ʱͻȻһ뵽ʲôһ˵ȥ·㡣
ԲۣȥôȥǺӲ˵
ĸȣôȥģӵĻʱ˼ӡ
ôһ˵ҲһǰҺ¶ôģղž͹ˣûӣֱˣô˵Ȼһ·ܹġ
ôһ룬ЩŵĿ¶ϵͣʱ¶ĶʲôǧС㣬ؤ磬ʣֻˮĴ۾ںģ޾ĿֻңŵĴҳ
ʱиӳųˣС쿪˫ۣûһĺǶһۿֻмԶʱͻȻһֱݽȥˡ
ĸȣһߣȥԡӺܲһһѡ
ǸӽŵĶ˶Щĳ
ô죿¶ץңҲεľգΣͷ¶ôҡ˵ģҲǲ֪롣
ҽĶǸӣֳ˶ĽŲϣԿȥȻû뵽ǣȻһĹˡ
ȥûʲôӦӿٶȣҺ¶ֻԶˣЦЦչֳǾ˹
¶ŵæһ㣬⺺ӵʱһҧĿֱӵ˹ȥ
ֻһӵĶ϶һӣѪȪһһӾͿӲĵڵϣֻڳץ
յģһϣ·ӷӦŸղŵ·ͳܹˡ
ҵȻԴУҷ¶ʱ򣬵ϵĺץ¶Ľţ¶£ҵĶ˼ţǺӵֺͷϣǶˡ
¶ŵæһˣҿ˿ǰ棬ЩӲ֪ûУֻƾˡ
ץ¶֣ͷ˿ǣһκ
ҿ¶Ҳڿңҳͷǰ˲ӡ
һ̣ͻȻ֣Һ¶ûйĬ;յʱһĹһŵˣǶֻӳȥ
Һ¶һ̶߳ͷʱһڳݣһţûܹ
ҿ⼸ӼѵǰеʱҺ¶һЦ
ʱҾȻһ࣬Ȼô񫣬ϧ
ȻұΪҺ¶Ůˣǵּ߱ӵʱǰмƹסǵȥ·
ǵӣӹѾƷˣ˵ӺܿѾˡ
ǲƶҺ¶޿ɶ㣬ǰж½غ׷·ˡ
С˵ܰʱֻһţߵһġ
Ӹƴˡҷ˷ӹýŰ߷ڵˡ
ܿұŤסˣҲѲˡ
¶ǽﾭڣ¾ͱŤס˸첲
ĸȣСӺռҵ椶ȥ硣˵һ֣һһѿӹɱڵˡ
ȻΪԼоɴ˿ҲŸܵϢߡ
Ҫ졭¶֪ĶȻҧһƽͷӵĸ첲Ǻ۵һ֣¶ܹǺŭ֮£ֱһȭͷ¶ĺϡ
¶㶣Ŀһۣĵȥ˫۽ιȥˡ
һæĹȥƽͷһƣŭɵ椶ץˣϽߡʰСӡ
ְ˽ŵ¶ߣҿźſ𰡡
ԿǰţҪС촦͸͸ġ´
Ӱ˵ϣЦ߹ӳԿǿȥ
ѵһҹһһһƿӵĿϣпžƿӷˣӻ˼¡
ԣĸҵӣŭģһͷһƿԿϣʱͷѪģҺŶһ
ڲԶĺߣиŴֲ·ͷţ֦Ӷﲻ˸СƿźһڣһĨعͷԺĵĿߡ


133 ʲô
ҲԵģϲĶҵӣԿǣֶѪҧгݵŭ
ҵ㡣ͷվ·ĵģͨ죬һҡһεߵ˵ƹ£ͷֹһھƣ߻ƹﻹŸ衣
ҶһһҪȥһӾ𵶱ͳԿϿ˹
ѵһ죬һƿַɱǺ˶˰УһͷԵڵϡ
ԲĸϣŪ˵߳ŭ´
ĸһϣ̳ȥ
ҼĲУҲû뵽ҵ
ҵôģҶʱȦˡ
Եıб³𰡡ҷ˷һţ£һȭͷͳҵźǰϮһ硣
ֻӰһΣҵǰҡҡλεľץסǺӵһšֻһǺһҺûлҵһƹȥˣǺֱ˲ɵˡ
⡭Ҿ״Ŀҵ˸ãЦЦץһ˼ӵİΧȦ
ֻǰһ£ҵͺҵ¶ǰ
¶ߣǼһҺҵ䲻ĵסȥ·ʱ˹
ȭȡֻҵֺͽһ㣬ٵĻȥž£ϸԵڵˡ
һͷһҵվͷŲæĹһھƣһģҾ
һóҸǰˣʶ̧žߣһ죬⺺ͷ­һǺͷ˵ϣ
صʱҲ˼ĿҵȭţôͻȻôϬˡ
ҶʱѪӿżӾ˹ȥ
ವĳ˿ӣצľͳһҪܣֻҵ֪ʲôʱֵײײҸǰˡ
ֻǰһȭӰžѵһ죬ĿӲˡ
Ƿ㶵һ˲䣬Ҿø첲ȱ˼£׼ȷĴ˳ȥ
һӾȻˣһҾԼ
ĸһϡŭһʣµļӳǷӵ
еҲ֪룬һ˷
ߣǡҵ˵һ䡣
˺üţصʱ򣬼˲ڵţֻʣһֵĿңƺʶһ
գôͻȻôˣӳϻ̳Ͽֵʵ
ҿ˿ҵȭţҲеԾҹ˲ôˣֱӳ
ڵĻſӳ˹
ӣҵôһæһͷӴͷŰ
ʽҵֺһ
˫ֳƣ϶ʱӡ
Ū㣬ܻģӳҼ
ˮ磡ҵһ䡣
Ҷʱᣬӳһף˫һٳһѵһײӵϣĿӷɳȥˣȭҪҹ
񡣡ҵкһ䣬ĺȿھơ
˫ֽվͻȥһ죬ֱԿϣæͷһУͣ
֡ҵ䣬Ѿٴ
תĳһžһֱ°ϣͷ˼°Ϳ񱩵ĺҿ񱼡
ţҵֺһ
һһţ˫ֳצֱӵļϣ§סԿǣ˫ϥһУӶʱԭشתҪȥ
ҵһָ۾ʹ˹ȥ
ҺһǷһҴ
أӱޣţݡҵžƿƵĺţڵ˸̵ˡ
ͬʱҾסԿǣӳȥ˫һУ˫šסĸ첲ĲϣýزסӣڵҪ
šסͷҵյĺžƣæʵɶ
ʮأʮͷ᣿ҵЦзۣƵ³һ̡
һȻŲžͳϲţȭͷԿš
һĲҺһҶʱ˹ʮֵصļȻҲǿܵģԭһֱԺǿ
㣬㵽˭ķۣĵҵڳ鴤ţױˡ
֣һҪ˵ӵȴҵȥˣҵ˸˵͵ΪҪ͵
һûлƺһؿָҵһͦԿһƫû˶
ɱˣҳԾʵ
ҵһЦҡҡͷȿھơ
ҹȥһҼ˸ʯͷӵ;˼£ǼɫǷɳȥˣҺǽ
ٿܵûӰˣ¶εڵϡ
æȥ¶˫΢գ΢Щ԰ף϶͡
¶Ѱҡҡ¶ȻԲѡ
Ѿͷû£Ͻؼȥҵ˵ͷȿھƣĵ˵
զˣô书ҺƵʵ
ҵԺƳһۣ˵ĸ书˶ᣬղŲҲᣬɵӡ
ٺ٣Ҹղűôʲô򣿡ղһǲԼ
ֵصĹ㻹ǺܲһͲܣ׶ʮˣȥֵءҵһۡ
զ°ɶأȻûл
ҵ˿ҹɫĺˮĬĬ˵㲻Уĸڴܡ
ôôţȣǰôңҺǼʵ
ҵͷһ£˵ĶˣӾǸģн±𵽴˵ӻȻشȥˡ


134 Ļ
ɶȥҹզȥҼҵתҪߣæ
¹ܣزȥҵ˵һµѾͷͻȥɡ
㲻һȥȥռҰкö໰Ҫ˵ҽ
ҵԺ۴ã˵ֲǸСˣôô˰
ʱˣζ룬Ҿε㡣˵
εڸʲôҵ˵ֺȿھơ
εңǴһҲۡͷЦЦ
СӡҵҲЦԿһ¡
ȥռҰɣһǺúģĶǺþۣ϶ȵˬæ˵
ҵĬһ˵ҪȥȥѾͷȥͷ㡣
զ˵ΪʲôȥƵ
ҹȥʲôӲȥϻˣϽߣס˵ӹˣòҵߴٵ
סˣҪҰϾͻġҺɻ󣬵ǵͷұ¶ͳռұߣһ»ͷһ£ҵһգֲˡ
СôˣҰ¶ͱʱӶ˶Χˡҿ˿նɽûл
һûüͣһĴ˳𼱻ǵİҽˡ
ҽҲ֪ôŪ˼£¶ȻѹˣվԱߣһͣ㶣ȵû°ɣ
û£˾ͺˣҪˡ˵žתߣֱסˡ
һͷ¶ü΢ɫЩ԰ףɻ㵽Ķȥѽ
ҵĻæ˵һѧУȥһеҪæ
Ҳߡ¶
㶣˵ʲôͰһȥ˵Сģҷʲôˣأ
Ǳ׷ɱǵţҺ¶ͿȥˣȻӻˡҸϽ͵
ǺúÿС㡣һԸ˼ڣȻæټֳƺܹȥˡ
û¶ЩĿң͸ڴ
ҵʱģþֻܾõȥϴ衣
ʱ̹ˣһ˵ôˣȥһ°ɣС˾ţҪ˳һ㣬֪ɣ
ҡ˵ݣҵٵȻҲУҸϽȥϴ軻·
ʱ¶ңҿ̰æµһϣôĲ֪ƣ롣
ռұٴλָˣ¶ǰţ
¶ϴ󣬻Ư˯ȹ׵СȷֻۣɫǺܺá
Ȳţʱʱô۾һ£˵ʲôֹ
һ˼ӣе㵣ҵˣҾ˵ʲôѽ¡
¶˿ϵˣŲһЩѲ豭Ȼֹһ¡
е㷸ɵæȥԾʲôأ
𣿡¶üҧС쿴ң۾ˮġ
ۣҶϰˣֲǵһˡҡҡͷ
ƭˣҲŲأ첲Ǵˣڻۡ¶˵ŸϽҽйˣ˴Ҫϡ
û£ͺ˵ġܳ˵
𶯡¶һ£Ȼͷĸϴ
Сֺü۵ģϸҸ첲ϸ˼£˿ڱסˣɿ˵ں˰ɣ𣿡
ҿûйͻȻеˣ⻹¶ôԹŮأҶеͿˡ
㣬ϲȥġҿɬһЦ뵽¶ͱץˣ£е
ȥô˭֪㱻ץѽ֪Ҷأֲȴкޡ¶ֵ˵
һ̧ͷˮĴڶҿͻȻסˣǾ˼ӣﲻ֪ô˼¡һеĻҡ
ңҲ֪ǻôƻҵͷЦһ
ˣֲ㣬ô¶ɻ
ƳһۣźΣ˵ұܻģܵĺܿ죬ں׷һͷˡ
ѽҵʱ㱻ץ¶ɵ
ǼĶץסӣӵʱιȥˣ̾ͷˣǾͱܣȰ˶ܹھ졣װģıȻš
㴵ţİɣ¶ͻȻСһЦ΢죬۾գš
ͷٺһЦŲҪȻôˣҴҡ
һ˵ʲô¶һңˮӯӯɡ
Ҷʱһ£Щεôôˣ
ޣû¶ҧһº촽ƯһĨϼջȥŲ豭ȴһˮ˳ѽһӵڵˡ
æȥץ֣еżʵû°ɣûУ
¶ҡҡͷȴ˵ߵҡ
һͷӭ峺ЩɵĿ¶ҧҧ촽΢΢ͷ
һҾץС֣оʱƺһӶˣǸ
Сû°ɣ̴ģ˽һҺ¶֣㶣˼
¶æ˻ȥҡҡͷЦЦ۾
ǸǸҪѧУȥˣͬѧԼҵģϢҲ֪ôˣĻҵģתߡ
һ˵һ߻ͷһۣ¶ˮĴ۾עң㶸ϽعͷȥһײżˣæЦһҴææߡ
ǵģСĵ㰡졣̶һҡҡͷ
¶С쿩һЦ֦Ҳģߵģô
ĶأҼææܵƺϵʱûпҵҽĺ
ǻӦҵֻƺﲨ˵ҹĴҵһӳˡ
εĵͻȻҲӦռҶģҵ˵ȥˣôûпҵò׼ˣһˣܲζ
Ҳ֪ô۾еϵĺˮ
죬ˣҴͷɥٴλصռұѾҹˣ̾Ȼû˯ڿʰæµһͣҵ˱ˮȡ
ţͬѧûȥҾͻˡҰյ˵ţ벻ͨҵΪʲôҡ
˯ɣҪѧء̺ͰЦţҵͷתȥæˡ
ҺܾɥĻص˷Ž£һʱշתߣҰóֻֻĻսѾĲˡ
Ħһȴһδţһٻģֻж̶̵ļ֣տ֣


135 ս
Բۣ㰡㣬ſ
ڶһصѧУߵſڣʯͷ˵ʲôҽȥһʯͷҴ̱ϣһ·ڱţóԱߵĩҫţһģ
һ۾ϳ·ҵġ
ʲôأҰʯͷһۣһѽ·˹
Բۣ죬զڲ·㰡ſʯͷٺЦţŰۡ
ʯͷ˵;øԭһһЩ˱Ƕ
ֲܳԣ˸ѡʯͷһѣ·һͷĩǸСоʲôһԵӡ
ڸʲôҲ
ˣ㿴ҵҡǮѿˡĩ˵ЦеͦŴѻݸҿһӡ
һȻСһѿ̴̵ģɳԾգ㲻ֵӲӰ
ԲӣֻҪ־ᶨҲῪۼΪʵ֤ݰҡǮʱ˵ֻҪǹϣκ¶Ѳν
νĸȣţ˰ɣҴĩĻ˵ੲһ쵽»ζ
ĩЦһͷʯͷڿųѾЦɻΪηЦ
㣬ɵȡʯͷ˷ۡ
ӹԲӡĩƺܲ
ʯͷָָǸСǣϴΣŵһ
ĩһʱʯˣϵ亹ޱȵʧ䡣
ҳʯͷĴָҲ̲סЦ
ȿȣҹǷоգҸ㲷һԣνǾһĩ˷۾ҡҡæתƻ⡣
ѻ죬ǲ˵ɷǵģӲˡյ˵
Īкµ㣬Ůףˮνһ޸ǳġĩװǻƵ˵
ʲô˼Ҳ
ʯͷһӴչҵĲӵ죬磬ٻ˰·ģʲôʱҿȥСݡ
ޣˡҿ·ٻҷĶţӿһů
磬ǵôʣʣĩ˿ӵĻʳѣԲʯͷŶ˵
զ£һͷĩ
ĩŷϧĿҡǮ裬ͷҲص˵һɺԣʯͷ佫ʱԱһ£֪
ƨšʶ˼¡
Դһﵶƴ񣬿νһӦӢۺܶǰ˳൱ֹۣȻĿǰһ볹׽νüޡ
ವһʯͷܹĩ۾ȡˣٺһЦص㡣
ϡĩ֣µ˵
Ҵ򡭡ʯͷֱӳ˫ع˼£һ˦ͷ۾ˣ˵ѣӷַӣ
ĩѵľŷΰ۾۵Ħ˵սթצڶ࣬ʵľУ뼰ʱ棬Ҿɳɴ򣬲֪Σ
ȻҪ㣬Ӧô㷨յӣͺջ
ս飬ԼսǲӦսضһɨأսɱۣϢĩдʵ˵
ã㰲ţͿˬˡҷ߷߲ƽ˵
Ѿдһս飬Ŀĩ˵ŴӶͳһͰ͵ֽ
һ澡һЩɬѶĴ첻֪ʲô˼Ұĩһ۵ɵȣΪĶ
ңҿʯͷһѶȥץν㣬Եģν𡭡
Բۣʲô߰ģӿ˵ˣʦɵȡʯͷ˵ֱӰս˺ˣ˷ۡ
ĩЦ˵Ǻ⣿
֣Ҫ㡣ŭ
Լ࣬νһ˫أ˵ʱ䣬ֱݣС
ˣϽд͹ȥһˡҲͷĻӻ֣תˡ
ԲۣɶȥԷʯͷͷʵ
ĩ˿ң΢΢һЦǳԷҲǳԷԳԷҲԲԷ
ن£ȥ乧ˡ
ҴҳңûٻĿΣһ¿壬Ҿ͸Ͻȥˡ
ιСܵĿأûôˣ
һٻСݣͿſڳĵЦεεŤŰС߹ͷֵ˵㣬һŨķ㡣
û㣬ʲô԰æ𣿡˵žͳ￴˵ӰûС
ŹӿţȻһ̾ĶʲôޣҲƼˣԽԽ嵭ˣҪҿŴˣҪȰȰʦˣӲȥûʲôõġ
ô嵭ˣʦĳôãΪʲôûԣҺܲʵ
ҡҡͷԹ˵ô˵أһǲҪˣǽģò֪ĺãͱˡ
еԾôˣʦʲôң
ι˵˲СܵҪеûţȥǱ߹ҸӰɡͷϵ˵㣬ĵЦ
һм۵ӣҾùհķԸڲ
סѽʶʹۣʹۣСֹ
һ㶣ʵʲôۣ
԰ͲǮģʹۡ˵ſһЦŤεȥˣԭǽӵ绰
ҿЦãĨȥӣʱˣͷ˵Сܵܣ˼ҪȥæúõĿޡ
ɶȥ㣬ϰࣿҺ
֪𣿡ЦգգִۣҼϻȥȻ»ҵСϡ
æסȵ˵㣬㣬Ǹɶأ
Сܵܣޣ㲻ỹûŮ˰ɣֵ˵ţ۾Ƴһۡ
סˣһʱԶԣǰȴĵϴĵ˵һ۾Ϳͱװˡ
ȿȡʱĿ
һͷ΢վſڣˮӯӯ촽ҧĿңһˮ


136 ҵĸо
ʦҿٻͻȻúǾȣæƿ˰֣εЦš
鵹һνӣһЦٻ˵أСܵҲ̫˵㣬ҾӦöϿΣҪȻɱˡ
㣬˵ʲôѽٻߵҧź촽Ķ˶ţ
˵㻹˼أΪ㲻֪ʵ㻹ǡ˵ŹȥٻСһ¡
ٻּģΪĿ˿ң˵ѽ㣬⵱ѧأֺò
ðɣ㣬ȥһˣҲûʲô⣬ҪҿӦóˣͲҪӲˡ˲٣һЩ
ٻüۼӹһ˿ĳҡҡͷܼᶨ˵㣬˵ˣȥæɣлл
˰㣬һʲôѽҾͲ˵ʲôˡ˵ͻȻ°欵ЦСܵܣúøŶ
Ҳ֪룬˵ͷŰŤ¶СˣɺɻŮ˺ٻԸֱǽȻͬ治֪ôٻϵôá
Է𣿡ٻѰˣΣϸҡ
ҡҡͷ˿ٻ˵ҲأҰʰһ£ʦȵˮ
˵žȥٻˮٻȴȥˣһʹյвž̻ơ
վ￴ٻɵæˣһʱе㱡
ʱһ΢ķ˿ʱֱһ¶ͷڵ̻Уŵͤͤһĳ
Ҿãÿ쿴ͻҸС
죬绰ɣæûУһ緹ɣ绰Ұٻ̽ͷŹӣ΢Цţֻܱ
Ŷ֪ʦҵͷȥ˰ó˵绰
һ֣Ȼ󷭵ͨѶ¼ʱƳһ֣ʱҲûô⣬ֻһζ
㣬ѽʦп緹˿ˡҴͨ˵绰ӵоֺͶе
ʲôѽȻ̫Ǳߴһ˲٣˵ãһɣСܵҪúչ
ô˵ѽٻŲ˳ɻʵ
˵һȳԱҰѵ绰Žȥٻ˲ˡ
ٻ˺üˣɫζȫһͿζ͸еꤵģӲĹ
ٻһ죬ݸһЦ԰ɣˣġ
ҵͷѾ֪ҵڼκٻһԷˡһƽŮһԷʱθڻرĺá
˿ͻȻмҵĸоҿٻЦ⣬Ưüۣһʱе㾫㱣Ƕմŷô
㿴èƵġٻȻһЦҲһǣȻвˡ
һ룬Ժÿ춼ҪѸ򹤣ֻҪܺһԷͺá
ôˣûȥҩ𣿡ٻԵĺĵĿҡ
ûйܣϴεģʦġҲٻ֪ҹĶǵ϶ֻᵣңԸ⿴Ҹ˴ͻһֱԸ⡣
ţɼ̫أϴοԣ½˺ö࣬ʦĿǰſζ첻ˣʲôԭ𣿡ٻգգˮӣƲƲС졣
ǼʦԺŬġЩ𣬵һʱ䣬Ҿ͹Ÿ˴ܶŹˣǱ˴ңҴˣѧҵҾĻķˣҪҳеʱӺã¸û취񣬿ٻĿΣ
ٻüѷ˿õʣǵҪĶģʦأʦ˱⣬ҲһƤë
ллʦһúѧϰϡǵҶٻĳŵ˵⻰ʱܾԼܻˣֻΪ˷ܹȥˡ
ٻȴοЦĿ˵ʦ֪㲻ʧģѧУĽһأúѧһܿôѧޡ
ҳ˵ͷǲͣĳԣҿٻڴҶȥֱӣҽľﲻζĶе
ʱðĹһͷ
ѽˣءٻ˵æȥˣȻ󷢳һٵС
ôʦҸϽȥٻڶϣҧ촽üͷȻǱ̵ˡ
Ҽܣʶİץţһ̺ˣæִ
ٻһ¾ͲˣҴ˼£ղԣŸеȣ̧ͷһٻ糺죬ü۵ĺܲ˼
ʦֲôᵯ١ٻа޳ָ̾
ĶУʦĲٻԵú
Ħ˼£˵ʦǫˣҶ֤ˣںõ𣿡
ţˣԷɡٻ˵ȥȴץеһûȥ͸ӵĺˡ
æɿˣЩεЦЦ㡣ٻˮңתȥ̡
ʦҸҪȥˣſнŲˣͷһƳмӽˡ
أӳûˣĺӺ
ˣءٻҵͷæ˳ȥ׼кˡ
ôǣǡٻ߳ȥͻȻֹ
ҷֲ̫Ծæ濴ҲɳԾ
ֻϴﱻҿ˵Ǹ캺ӣ˿ͷϻɴ첲ǰŭĶٻ
ӣҲɱڵġ
һ˳ˡҿмӸ첲ϵʱ򣬸һǺȻһֻֻצĲӥ


137 ɱ
ʲôǣϵӣ캺ֵģһžͰӸ߷ˡ
ٻŵĻʧɫ״˵ﰡ
˵أӴߡ캺˵һ֣ӳٻ˹ȥ
ʦ㿪ڳһ
ٻ㶣ʶĳ˺üǼӴûϵиˣһ㶳һ
һҶڵһ˳ֱӳ˹ȥ
̵֭˼һǲҺ˼£ֱ
Եģǻһ䣬תӳѲ˵żӾͿ˹ȥ
캺һԾתܣݵҲ׷׶ܡ
һ·׷ɱǸϵ棬иûӦ䣬ֱӵѪУҲһߣ⺺ڵϴŹ
ۿˣҴŴѪۻŲ˵ָǺոڣб±ܰվӡ
һδ䣬۾ֱˣֻٽֲԶͣż캺Ӹܹȥ˼ʮ˸ĺˣ׷׳˿ӣСݾͳ˹
תܡ
ʦϽһһߺţſڵĺһŲϣһֻñವһϮһɱͷһףһѿӲҵͷƤɹȥֱӶ˷ݵǽϡ
ѵһתհŹϣֻǰһӹһһ£һźĿӴŷбҵıǼֻ֮ңҾһ亹
ٻʧļĿɿڴ
ڻӵĽŲɿ˨ţŷ￴Χŵĺɢһһ꺺ڵߵǰ
ವһӱѵײ˼£ʱ죬Ľ
СҲ棬յĺͣǸ椶Ҳڡ캺ˮݵϹϾ˵
ײš꺺ӻ䣬һ˴캺ϣ캺Ѫܵĸ첲һͷڵˣĺ
꺺ͷڵѪ˿ĿĳɨһۣɭĴЦ˫۾ɱ
ѪǣӥĶҡҺ¸Ļһν
ôҲûϵԩ·խ
һϴѪǵľ棬Ӧ¸æҶָմӶͳֻӿĳ¾ײš
һżȥסֻҲˣһͷٻʦܣ
ҪٻһȻһסţɫ԰ףüԵ쳣Ļңĸ첲ĳϣô
ĸȣʹײ㡣Ѫһ˵ţһſӳϿüӷ˺ݣĳײš
صһŻǱײˣͬʱҺٻһڵˡ
ҸչȥֻñһɱϮ鼱֮ұٻ͵һ
ѵһ£һѿ˵ϣĽ
һͷһƣѪѾеĿӷɱ¶Цݡ
룬һץһӳſоͶ˹ȥ
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ߣҺһ§ٻ͵ͷܡ
Ӻӷ׷׵ı߿һѰѿڿз裬ֱǶ
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һͷһſѾµʵѪƺҲ׷ˣѪſڣŶȣµĿǡ
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꣬꣬죬ӣһ£ֱֻһۣͷһһӣѪ
ҹ˲ʹҧһҪһһҶϣһĵڵϡ
ˣˣסְɡٻһеܹңһһѳסͷžߡ
𰡣ſһðɣһ˹ȥ§סǺӵԿǣֱָӲ˫ۣǺӲҽһɿٻһ첲ⶥϡ
֣Ťת첲˫Ƚһ˦⺺ֱӵ˵ϣҳԿǾͺݺݵĲ˼ţĿӾͳȥ
ѪߣȪһһҲٻϡ
ٻһһ϶Ѫϻ̳ϿֵĿң۾ɵϴ
˺󣡡һٻ˫յĶǰһȺӡ
Ѫ΢΢ЩԾҧһЦͷζĿңָĻ˻ӣѸٵĳұƽ
ٻʶץҵ·ϣܸоϵĲ
ʱֻһͷҲܵ£Ҫƴ˿ֻ̣ܿԼ
С˵㻹ҵֿŪ㡣һĺӣһſӳҶ
ҽտӳһѿӽһ𣬻Ľ졣ֻеڷ飬ֱʹǰĺӶͷ¶ı˹
ĵ滺ĳҵܹеڱɱǰĺӽ¶Цݣѹ
ҵӳб첲ڲۿ֧Ųס
žһһӴɹֱǰӵԿϣǺʶһ£ҳᣬ˦Ŀӣһתӳȥ⧲϶һӣ˫æţĶȥ
һͷٻҧָһֻֻڷﾪ֡
һûлֻһ磬ʶһ㣬һѿӻҵ·Ƥ⣬̳һѪۣϾͰһţ˷˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
Ҷһһſӣɷĳ˹


138 ³ɺ
졭
ٻʧĺһһӳȥסͷſھ˹ȥ
𰡣ſŭһſӾͿ˹ȥ
ǰĺһҲܹȥŤһӣǺӾֱȥѪһ
ҧۣȥٻǰһӰ̰һţͷԵڵˣҪһѿӼҵĲϣ
ŤͷһѪվҸǰýŲסңݺݵ˵Сӣ㻹ӣû뵽ɣ
ĸȣбɱӡŭһѪҼţֻûʹĿҲ˵ϡ
ӲӦøɫơѪҧгݵģ˫
ҪˣŹɣǸӡٻİţۿתҧ촽һĲֻʡ
Ѫ㶣ͷƳٻһۣЦСǣеɫֲ˵Ǹأ쿴ǻ£
ٻʧģͷŹɣôҶӦ
ʦҴʮһúҷ߷߲ƽ
žһѪһԿϣŭӱ죬ʲôбڽ¸㣬ֻڻĶȲŮ˰ɣ˵ҪծţǸûᡣ
Ѫ˿޵һѪϣ˵бɱӣҪȻѪծѪһӲð
ģӲӲѪ߳ŭҾһȭߵġ
ҺܿͶãסֳҶķˣֻĶѪǡ
֪ԩ·խˣϴ¸ĻѪǾԣ´α϶ˡҵġֻû뵽Ǹ캺ӣȻҲӥˡ
û뵽СӣĹƣһֶӥĹϽΧֶǵģˣã³ɺһ㡣Ѫ˵˰Ҽŵӣײ죬𻨷ɽ
㣬ҪʲôѽٻȰһӾȻһƣһ͵ڵˡ
ĶǸӣһŴͷĺӣֵģȥٻͷŤĸ첲á
Ҽסĳ࣬Ұģлһʮ
ڣֻܽȭͷƾӰҰϡ
˱𶯣ӽҪӣ뱨ѩޡѪĦŵӣЦţ߹һѵӲϣȻҵָڲƹȥ
ţǼҲںƣҵָİ˵棬һĵʹѪָͷӿ
ƺһҧǲг
ԵģǾ㱾£ƵģʹġҿЦָϵѪ䣬ȻһҲۡ
ѪһɭЦţץҵָƹȥʲôĥңĥʮָģָ˱ϵĻҪʹ
Ҫѽǡ
žһٻû˵꣬Ǹͷһƹȥˣٻ˼ſڵĵϣŸ첲ԹᣬôĿҡ
һ̣ͻȻģδѲҪӥǵģҪɵѪǣһҪɵǵϴɽӥ׵Ļǡ
С˵ûӦţѪָһָҧһǿѪ˿Ȼ׼ҵֽľҪ׵ķС˵
ɣʹ㣬ҪĿͱһһŭĿԲɵĶѪǣƶ
ѪǹЦ˵Сյе˼ӣ־͹ӥͻȻı⣬Ҿñһˣϵʹ಻ʹ࣬˵أ
һ㶣һյ˵Ҳԣô
ѪǻͷµĿٻﷺаĹ⣬ֺ˵˵椶ϵˮ۵ģѹˣЩֵһ棬Ȼӵȥ֪ʲôķӦأ
ȣҶŹ㡣Ҷʱеٻӣģ˷ŭΡ
Ѫת͸һȭͷָٻ˵ȥɸ缸ǹ˵
ЦĦȭƵľʹȥٻ
𶯣˭˭ÿٻ䣬վһѲ˵һʼ캺Ӽ˵Ĳ˵
ٻٶ˭ûϵͷɣɷףȴôľη
ԵĳǣӰѵ°ɣɲǺвˣŻأһֻɱɣӻͲΪȻ࿴һۣʱôЦ
ҹû뵽ٻͻȻŲ˵ҵĻ۾һ
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⼸Ӳɾˣٻ˷һ۾Ų˵ҿ
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Ͼ̫һһ߹ȥٻٴεڵˡ
ĸȣ治ʶôϽססѹ⡣Ѫܻĺ
Ǽȿֺ˹ȥˣû뵽ǣٻͻȻվ˼˾롣
ﷺޱȵ߷ߣͻȻ˵ԼĲϡ
˭Ҿ˭ҲǸֳٻҧ촽ڷ԰׵ûѪɫǰѲ˵Ĳź⡣


139 
ˣ£вӣѪŭſָٻɱڡ
Ƿ죬Ҿͷ¡ٻŭĿԲɣŲ˵ڲԡ
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еɵĿѪǡСնʱʮֵѹ֡
֪ٻգѪǾôаԵɱ˳£ҲһܹȻڵ£˵оеġ
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һѵҵѣҶԼ㹻ǿ󣬾ͲٻҪ飬ڵϴŴҷһҪЩѪծѪ
ѪǡͻȻͷЦЦֲĪֺ˵濴椻ֻǿϧˣӲᱻһŮвҪɱɱɣ㵹ɱһơ
㡭ٻ߷߲ѣȴԶԣ˫ȥͲǰ취
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ĸȣС㻹˵㣬ǹѪ´
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ڵţܺΪһӶǵá
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˶ͣͷһſվһĵŮˣǰ顣
ĸһСģһֵģ˵žͳȥŵǰһӰһξ˳һŹȥǺշײǽȥ
һߴ˳ſڣʮӣͷ죬һöڿյĻϬɨһֳĿ棬ĺɫ£һͷ졣
磿һӥĺӾһһ԰ףʶĳһ
ĺҲ׷𾪣ܵ˴ȾԵý겻ȫŸ߶Ⱦ衣
лĮɨһۣĳ߹
һôѪϳüͷԵúɻ
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Ͻɿٻûлһ˹ȥֳƣ쵶˹ȥ
Һ
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ļÿһ
ֳ˳£˿ٻüͷ壬ȥϣ
ٻЩ㱣ӻڷڻļʱ
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ٻ˿Щң˿磬ЩӣȻֿ˿ҡ
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⺢ӣɨһѪǣָָҡ
ͷŻ磬¶ϣһֻϻѪڣƱˡ
ЩӶʱѪڿͣһ£˫ŵ˵ƾʲôģ𻢰ӥǾˮˮȷҪ£
΢΢ͷĿĮĿѪǣ˵Ȼ˵ˣҲˡ
绰䣬ƺĵ棬಼£ԱߵźŻ˼ŰڵϣͣĴŴ
ӶʱĿɿڴŵĿŻһ߹սսĳˡ
һ̧ţһӲҽһڵϣһȥһӱһѪ϶һӡӹϺס
ʣµļӣæɢˣվѪǵ
Ҫ֤𣿡˪ֱѪǡ
ѪЦһµĿŻ磬ͷ˵㣬ŻŴĴָţȣӽһӣŶǸǽ𻢰һӣҳ˵ǰͷ´οûôס
㻹´Σź⡣
ôΪ㣿Ѫǲ˵
ﷺɱһһٵСʲôҿԲܣҶٻһͷҡ
绰䣬ƳһģӶʱɢ˼ܣľм
ӶһҸɿˡ
ţȣơѪǲĵ˵ţͷһ۵Сӣͷү㼸ߡ
Ѫ˵Ŵżﳤȥʣµļ˵ģżҴҵĸš
ϵĻң˿ٻѾûд󰭡ҿǰĻ磬ȭͷĵѪǣĿ˲
Ѫ˵Ľ𻢰ҵһ֣Ҳǵһμ硣
죬㻹𣿡ٻ߹ŵĿңϵ˺ۡ
ʦû¡ҿɬЦЦܡ
С˭عͷĿʵ


140 Ҫǿ
ҵѧղлл㡣ٻ˿磬üۼӹһ˿ӵ㺡
áҺһܾ塣
ͷǸ̵ϣһڣʵӥôﵷң
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͵㲻Сܴܵ绰ԷKTV˻磬ô˵ˣûˣҪȻôѽ
ӥЩ˶ɽӥڳΪ´ΣҾġŭȭͷ߷߲ƽ˵
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˶٣ƲƲʶöˣЩ»ǲҪĺʦҲ˵㻹Ǳ̫ˣ֪ʱʦˡ
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·Ͼ˼ǧ˺ܶ࣬һصѧУҾֱҵʯͷĩǼǳԾ
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ûͷ˿乧ң㡣
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乧㶣ôŪզ㣿
ܼѽν򲻴
죬һӿûУҴĩĻŭ
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ԵģǻǲֵܣϣӱȥǿˬӲһӱ˱Ƕҽĺ뵽ӥ۸ңҾͷŭĲС
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С죬᲻öŻ䣬ͻȻ˳ҾܹŤҵĸ첲һˤֱ˲ˡ


141 
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Բۣս㣬ģʯͷ˷ۣͷ˵
հһ۵һȥģ
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С̫ˣս仰ܾˣպǳһ
Բۣսִ֣˰ɣ綼ˡʯͷе㲻ˡ
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142 У
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157 Ϊ
㰡쿪¶ͷһŵĻʧɫĴߴ
˾ӺӾһɵˣϽ˵ԲۣʲôЦΪһС𣬿ܳ׷ȫɱĽࡣ
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¡˾ƳһǮǺΪѡ
¶ָӦͳһѺƱӻ˻˵Щ˰ɣҪǲټӣҪ˦ǡ
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ʱʻ˻˻˾һԽ˵ιι缸ڰɣʮ·ٶȹ۸˵
˾˵ʱ򣬿ӿܳѾˣڳߺʲôȴ¶ɴ۾ȵҹŲҿ㡣
㺰ƨϿҲҪץǰε˵
˾ܲܰܰ¶͵Ĵߴٵ
İɣǿɻҲ׷ϵģڵͷƺˡ˾䣬ֻ˷˺¡¡Ƴһơ
ֻ·߷׷׳ʮһģһɫĳ⳵ˣһʱѵ·ˡ
ˣˡ˾ٺһЦͲţǰ˺üʮԶЩ⳵ںһˣȻ·Ͽһ
æ¶ͷӺӾһֻɫĳ⳵ͣ·м䣬סӺͱǵĳӣüһ
Ҷʱ˾ǣǮǺð°ûĳɱ
𶯰ۻҡ˾˵ֶŶԽ缸жһϵطϡ
˾䣬⳵ǰʮ·ȻԷɢˣﳤȥ
ҳ濴ӿܳ׷ˣǺȻǱԻˣһʱ䲻֪ǵģֻ÷ɢȥ׷
԰Ӧ֪ĳƺŰɣλϣɻ˾
İСӣûн꣬ȸ뵽ˣֲǵһθˣǳô󷽵ģͷһΡ˾ֺǺǵĿһǮӿٶȡ
ʱҿһ׷ˣ㰡
˦Ƶġ˾˵ŶŶԽֹһ䡣
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Ҳɿ佱һ䣬ʱҿ޺ƣԱߵ¶ֻһʼɡ
ͱȽϰȫˣĲн֣ǿ߰ɡ˾ͣ˳š
ҷ¶ȥ˵лл˾Źֵ˵Сӣ椶ƯҲѹƴĸЩ˸ɣСİɣЩ˿ɲǣףһ·˳
ҶʱЦã˰˾¶ַ糾Сأųðʧˣæ¶켣ȺС
ģһȥˣǸܷҵ֣ĿǰǸˣһʱҲҲˡ
Ǹ˾ʲô˼¶ʱҲûôˣҡ
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룬ҸطĵܣҵСùݣױѲҴҪȥ¶ֻ
¶һһżˣҰְִģ϶֪ˣô죿
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ҵʱҲˣæ¶Լֻˣ΢Щ
ѽסſˣҸЧܺãʮСʱṩˮ͵磬ˣǿ䷿ϰЦĴǡ
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ϣ˼أСҼĶˣһ۾֪ʲôģǲҪϰｿεεЦ
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СͱΪˣʲôûأҪߣܰȫġϰζ
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㶶ʱЦã¶Ҳ̫ɵ˰ɣҲѹ֣һǧС㣬ĶǷأҲ뵽Һһôɡ
˼ˣǮȰ˵
¶óһźƱӵݸϰԵЩɵ˵ɱ𵽴˵ѽҲҪǣǮͲˣòã
ϰ۾ŵƹ⿴˿٣ЦӣְҵµģǸϽȥɣҪʲô˵ѽʲôʩУʲôҩѽ
ȿȣ֪ˣææԼϰĻ
УСӼӰѾѽŮѿƯϰ˵ų׸ۣȻŤˮͰһ֫ȥˡ
ʲô˼ѽʲôҩʲôʩ¶ҽȥ¶ҡ
һʱԶԣ֧˼ܰȫ˹Ҳģ˼ǿϽһͼʶģİɡ
ޣ¶Ȼ򣬺Ȼûʲô˼¶ûŮ롣
Ĵ˿ϴסĺһ㣬Ҫɾ㣬ҰѰϣصĴղŰӸˣ۲˵۵ĹǺ
ôѽﲻ𣿡¶Ա£ɻĿҡ
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ޣҪȥϴˣղǸˣô뵽İ취ǵġ¶һԹţѰ·ŵϴȥˣܿ촫˻ˮԳ
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򶨣ɶʱˣôأĶԼ˵ţ۾鲻Խĳϴſ˿һҪ¶ͻȻ


158 ۸˼
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ôŸϽȥҪأͻȻͿˡ
¶ΧһԡĿڣܻңͷʪܵգܽسˮ޶ˣҿеɵ
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ҵҵˡ¶ͻȻңڰҷ
һ㶸Ͻȥæңʵʲô
ҲϴŵǸѽ㿴û¶С죬һԡɿһֺҵķţǰѰڳˣҲûпʲô
ҿ˿ѩ׵ļ޳ȣе㱣ɢ˵㣬ͻͻţûпɶǲûд
ô˼ҳʱڲϵģҡ¶˵ңĿ׼һ죬æˣߴٵ㿴ʲôѽ
Ҷûע⣬ʲôӶ֪ĶȥŤͷȥĻҵ˵
ѽǲӣһӡĺӣô󡭡¶һżɿһȻԡವĳ»ʱһæס
ҵʱпһۣģҵһôĿ¶Ĵ⣬ҵʱе㲻۾žһ¶һȹˡ
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¶һţ˵˼Ҳ˵ǣᡣ
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ʲô˵ʶĳͦεĿȥ
¶̰۾ţ͵˵˼Ҳ˵⣬˵ң㡣
۾ôҡ˵ƿ֡
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һȥңô֪Ķȥˣ޿κε
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ðɣʱˣһżһ¶ԡĵˣǴһУæӱŸ첲ʧİԡȥ
ҵʱʯˣֻ׻λεĺǴۣұģ¶ߺϹӵ۾ˣ
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ʱҸеϺۣһͷ¶ŭĿԲɵĶңָ׶ڽҵƤˡ
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ҿ˿ԼϵˣղԾˣ¶ôûзأһĿңôĳ
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Ҳţ㷢ġ¶ͷ˵
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ҿüЦģʱϵƭĸоյ˵¶İɣôôأ
Ҷ죿㣬Ƿĵġ¶ͣŭ
ãӮˣбҪһȥðôǮһʲô˾Ͷ˰ɡҲΪȻ
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159 渴
Źغðʿ˭ûл֮ǰҪܣûУһ߰ѷԿ׷ڶһ߶¶
¶һ׺Ըе˯£ڶžӴͷͷһ۵ˣѧ˭أô£Ҳˡ
ҪСʱͻȥɣҹҲǱץˣǱǼıץˣ㵽ʱͱǿˡֽһ
Ҳ㲻ҺһӣҾǲؼˣһҲ룬㵽׶¶˵ŰѴҴ
ǺðɣҸ˵Ķ˵ˣԼСĵ㡣˵žҪߡ
һҪû¶ҵĸ첲ڴ˵
һͻȻĲģһ뷨Ǹնɽô򵥡
ҵͷЦЦغųȥˡ
ιСսͦǿѽǲʲôˣа˵㣬һǮһϰæȥóһж
УҪô죿ҿɸ㣬ǿϱ˵žתˡ
УװأˣġϰԹ
Ǹ˾ҼֱЦԷǰ
ҳʱѾǴҹˣʵﻹͦŵģ·һȦȻûз֣СһεģһⱲӶû͵͵
˸СʱҲûʲô֣һڤ˼룬ȻͻȻԺһҲء
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һϲæȥðҿǴϵûʲô·Ļ类˼ˣǲʯֵǮء
ϡڸأͻȻи˵ΧǽϵĽﴫһæźãĶ
ʱҿһõ˴ΧǽǱ˹ģʱʱĴϢţΣܺʲôƵġ
ΧǽЪһȻ̵߳ȥԼӣһôеϤȴһʱ벻
һȳһյģǸؤҡҡͷԳЦЦôʶһؤءǱˣϽȥ¶ɡ
һСùݣ϶µģҪǱӺҵˣʵҲûɶһռҵĳ˿ô졣
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ҶڽŲԶǸùݣȴһʱ޴룬Ǽм䣬ȥĻ϶ҪֵģһҲǰȥҹȥˣǿզء
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ˣˡϰӹǮЦе۾ð⡣
ңȥʲôطסˣȻޱ飬ĳе㼱
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ܣǹȥƣǼﰤҡһȻż˳ϰָķ򼲱ȥˡ
Ҷʱ˿ϰô˵أѵǵ𣿿ﻹǮأ
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ҸǮˣղųȥʱ򡣡¶ܵЦЦ
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꣬ûһǧҲа˰ˣϰΪʲôƭˣ渴ӣʱǮǺʹ
æ͵͵ȥȻмڸոմ뿪Ҳ֪ϰʲô취ܹȥģǱҲĿŵѲԭɡ
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ѵһ׹ֵڵˣһĬ¶Ȼ׷Ҿ
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160 
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ҼǸֵСһССĽƬ֣ɻ
¶ģССĲ˵ߣҵŪˣ
Ķֲǹģ˵ΧǽϵʱˤءҲСƬ㶡
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ˣ˯ˣ۵ġ˵׼ȥϴ裬¶סҡ
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ȥɶôˣ㲻֪嶼ڳȥͶȰ
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ƲƲ죬еε˵㲻Ҫ˺òã˵ȥʲô˵Ҿͳȥ
衣¶רעӣܼС
һ㶣ɬһЦˣ㲻˵˺ö궼ûҵ֪Ķ
֪Ҫ֪Ҳˡ¶ͻȻ˵
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¶㶣գˮĴ۾ҵô
а취˵¶һҵ
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ЦʲôЦѿϵļٺӿ¶ƵģǴһ·ҲȻβסķˣʱ治ƽ¶ôǮƫƫôôô綼ÿ
ˣˡ¶һЦޡ
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һɫĳһֱǺ棬Ҷʱˣ˾ǲһֱڸǣ
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˳ԱƳһֻۣǵͷȻԱſ¼䣬ڵǳƵġ
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¶ͷҡҡͷ˼˵Ҳ˵ˣ𣿡
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ˣһ϶ռҵˣǾǵˡ鼱֮¿ԱߵΧǽҲ˲ˣֱӳΧǽϳȥ
ѵһ죬һѿӲҵͷƤ˹ȥײΧǽϻĽ
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ǽʹһȣ伸ȥˣҸǸҲ˾ȻסҵĽţƴĳ
һкüӳſӾҵʱһʹ˸ˣŹԣһΧǽǱߣڵˤ˸˲ġ
յվסܡͷһӷΧǽ׷ˣĳܡ
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ұģƳһǸҲˣæͷҲҳ
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ʱ춼ˣϵĻңǸҲҲˣ˵ʲôһſò
ǽʹŴѾˣ˿һ㵣Ҳڿҡ
Բ꣬ô㣿ҵʱϳˣûǸӡ
ŭһͳ˹ȥ


164 㻹̫
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ĶϷŹ˳ֳ˸שͷҪԿҡ
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ֻкü˴ӵ߳ˡ


165 ס֣
ԲۣӺˡ
һۣסǸŮҽ;ͳϣصһһϣŹˡ漴ವһͽƿӳŮҽ˹ȥ
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ҵùݵʱѾˣ˳һͣյſھ;ղԾôûпǸأ
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һͷ۾Ҳе죬Ҳ֪¶İζʲôǿĳǸźسŵˡ
¶һֱͷĴӣӳźûô˵ҿۿתĲ̣ȴֲ֪˵Щʲôο
Ⱥţ뵽һ·飬ƺԽԽء
¶ǹ¶ΪʲôֱӸ߰࣬ѵΪʲôڿӱʲôСֻʲôأ
Ĳ֪ǲǺܱ˵ҿ˾׵ģҲס¶̧ͷңӨˮƯ䣬ʮֵġ
һᣬæȥˮο˭˵㱿ˣһʱ벻أϾʱôˣʮǰ飬ֲ㣬̫żˣ롣
ҵΪʲôһͷûУ¶ţҧ촽
Ҳ֪ҸطϢһ£ô̫ΣˣҪǱǼҵĳ˻ҵ˾ͻˡ˵¶ߣ˸ƫƧĵطЪһ
ʱѾĹ⾰ɫͻȻ̧ͷ˿Ʈصһ˵¾ܡ
ϵ˺ͳҴææģƺ˭ҲϲΣ⧲ϣ쬵ġ
Һ¶һ£Ÿ첲ȻǸӷʪķ˿ϣӭһ磬ɵķ
Ҽ¶䣬ѳ¸ϣҴŶԱ߶зۿУѾһƬ֮Уƺһصɴ


170 ֻҺ
ҶӺöޣô죿
У¶գˮĴ۾ңѹӡ
С취ɣżҰοʵҲûףٵ⡣
ҪǰֻȥɣԺٻ¶
룬ҡҡͷУ㲻뱻˿ñ˶ڵģ㲻ĸ˿ģһ鵽ء
ô¶ŶӣԹ
ͣ
ҿ꣬ȴ֪˼Сʱһͷ¶С죬üҾǰա
˵ѩϼ˪ˡ
ҿŽֵƽУֵ˰ʱ֣ζҺ¶ӳѾһһҹˡ
ǰӿڵĵһֺ˴һڣ紵һζ˲Խļꤡ
ţȥŪԵġ˵Ŵ˴֣ðȥˡ
ʲôϰΧȹϲ˲Цӯӯҡ
Ӱɡ۰Ͱ͵ĿȺİӣˮˡ
һǮһϰ˵ôװ
ɡҸЦһ
ϰ˵ŰѴӵݸңȥӣ˻ȥ˵ǮһǮһ
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һ˿ǮĴãֳҵݹ
һͷ˿Զ¶Ÿ첲վ£۾Ŀңڴ
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ѽܣ㣡¶ֺæһߣ̸һ
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ٺ٣ӱܣ㻹˵㡣ҵģͷһ¶Сһۡ
զˣ¸Ѱܱܲ˵̵İѴһ갡Ӳ֪ʲôʱˣ©һʣˣǰɫϴڷƮҡġ
㲻֪ץߡ¶һϵˮĵһۣյŤͷȥˡ
ҵʱһӵһٰȻֶ飬¶಻ˣզ
ҲĵĻͷһʱǰһף·߻иڹ
ವһ˹ȥˣæϲ˲ڱţðأҺ㣬æƨƨߵܻˡ
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ͣһҺһڵˣʱ˸Ǳˡ
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һżæȥű·Ѿʪ͸ˣԼ£ʣⲻ˴
¶ǺᶼˣðͣסˣŷȭҴ˼£ӣˣ˭ôЦģ׳ѽ
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¶һ㶣ʶ˼£͹ɵҵŲˡ
ܸܵ΢Ϣϵ㣬ҲůҾȺˡ
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㣬ӦҺ¶ĵһϵӵϣͻȻôᣬʧȥ
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ϰһ̣ҪǸģǸڽֵϻ˺һڳ׼һ̵꣬һ긾ŮڿţҾñȽϺ֡
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ʮǮøҡ
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̳ΧһȭߣһͷԵڵˡ


171 Ϊ㣬Ҳ
˭
ҵڵϴǰһȺӣǵװЩ죬еĿӣźĹâﲻһ
СӣǰɣߡһֵĺӣŭŻӻ֣ӳ˹
Ҿ͵һ˸ͷ̧˵ϵˮһ
ǺˣԲԣһ˵һߺˡ
ԵģС˭ô֪ģӿЩţԽķŭˡ
Ӿ֪һ䣬Ѿȥˡ
أü£ô˵Ķ֣һεڵˡ
С˵ԵİɣֵģҾһȭߵġ
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һͷָķ϶￴ǴӣһʹҪǰŵҪߵףĿ۸ȴΪ
һѪҸϻʹıľֻҪһûҾӦüҲҪЩƴ
ҧŭһ§סһӵĽţವһվ㾢һƣǸͷ˵ϣҾ͵һڵϵĿӣͷͺȥ
Աߵһ϶һѪۣҺһȥһӷӦ֮ǰһſɨ˹ȥĶ϶һӣѪð˳һ
ԵģſŭţһͷҰޣץס¶˹ȥˡ
ѵһһɿ¶Ŀӡ
ѿڿнײ𻨱Ž죬˫ֽյĳסǺӱ˾϶š
ֱ۶ڲͷ¶ɱĹ⣬һ죬ұƿ˼һѸٵתȥǺӵĸ첲Ӳһ⣬Һһ˿ӡ
ȥһϣ䣬ļ򽦳Ѫˮ̱˵ϡ
һ㶣Ҫ֣¶̧һ£ᣬĿͱ˳ȥǰĺĿҵļϣһᣬȴûͣ
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졭¶ʧɫͻȻֵĿҵ󣬾һ
һûüͷһɱӹһһЩѪעҳſӣӰڵϣͷһƳһٴγ
һӵϾ٣ŲӲţॵĴУҾ͵һȥſӺǺӵĴȱһʶȥš
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ңѪܵĿӣŲЩĵĳǰҸеϵѪʣڽգǻŭͳޣȴòϢ
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죬ҪҪˡ¶ĵڵϣ޺ſң˻ߡ
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Ҳ֪˼ֻǾѾľˣֻһͷҪЩ˵£ұվţֻվŵ˲ʤߡ
ҵһУǲõһΣֻѪͿֻ꣬пӴ̴Ѫʱ죬ÿһεƴɱҿǰĺǾʧӣҶޱȵʹ졣
ҵһĻȥҲƵһΣⶼҪˣҪǣҿŵϺ˵ˣѪţò˼ңֻŶ
һᵽʲôǿߣЦſǣڿһȺʧ
Ǳ¶뿪ģҰڵϣѪ죬ȴĳûеȥҾĿΧĺǣҲûммˣŻŵ뿪ˡ
¶ůĻѪȾƯȹӣˮĵҵϣҿüۼԹ͵ǣ˵ʲôȴһ仰Ҳ˵
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ʱֵʣҹĳ·ð쳣ҾƤ쳣ĳء
㲻µģҸҰְִ绰Ҳˣˡ¶ڵϣ§ңֲóֻȴôҲ򲻿
ˣ˰¶޺ţ·ĳ֣ǳХ
¶İҵϵ˿ڣѪȴȻţôҲֹס
ʶģУѪ֣ܵȥȴĻȥ


172 ҹЦ
죬ңˣоˡ
¶ҡңͷ·߿æȥ
ȻֹŴ򿪺ȴǼſӣɱڵĳˡ
Ǻ͸ղȺӴƵһȺˣһ˸һڡ
¶ŵĻңʶԾæҳˣôȫڵţһţһѪۡ
зۣĿȺˣ֪ղŵȺˣֻǴͷİˣģ࣬͡
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ֹһ׾ٵĲңҾһ̱۾ͼȭͷǴϣģûκεķӦɿ֣Լ͵˵ϡ
硭
Ⱥʱɢһ·һϣһźɫµˣοߴ󣬱ЩǶ߳һͷźɫԲñӣֻǵһʱһȣһȳһյģԵЩٻ
ҵһμӿеĺ磬ܲẉ̂һ˫۾ңԶһֵңͣƬ̣¶
ߣСӣ䣬Ϸɱ
һһѿӳ˹Ҫɱˡ
ס֣ˣҪ˺ûмǴǵڶ¶ô˵Ϊ飬ѾҪˣôҴǻˡ
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һ룬ʼնû취İɣһ̫˲
¶ǶôΪһǿӢۣƽеĶռҵĳˣҿ޷˵ģܲΪڷ꣬ڣʲôҲˡ
ӿҪʱԶļٵĺкüˡ
磬ռҵˡǰٵĺͣЩɻĻͷš
̵ܲϷһ˿ŭùȴһµ棬ת˳ӣĻϽѾͷߡ
ѵһŹϣӳҿһۣųԶȥˡ
ߵһȺӣ·м䣬׷ĿӣǵļƣǴƴһˡ
ҼѵĻͷͣˣǸһĴܽȺ֮УӴһﱣΧ˹һҵȺŹʹ˿ʼ
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ѵһ˵ʱʱ죬ֻһĿӷˣǸһĴ˹һһŹȥǺ˷
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Сߣ¶Ҫߣ¶ȴŲţͣĺҵ֡
㶣һңȾͿ
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ͻȻſЦҧʹĽӳ˳ſӵĺӶʱ㶣˿ӣ׼ΧͻȻ
ΣҹرĴ̶ǰļӶͷţȻ˲ңʼľ£
ŶӣɵĿŲԶһȺĻڵС£ŨױĨ屾ĿŹģеĲŸΣе˦źɫ򣬳Цš
էһȥǻֻǽյ·ҵֳȻҷƼЩɫֵɫ
ܼУͻȻ̻ɴܣžŨܵһСеĺ˹ڼϵ˼ºַɻС
ǼӣȻǱʩչħ䣬׷׵ӵ˵ϴСЦĸӵĲãǽĳȺ£иĪĵȥ
Ҳǿ˻һΪЩС¶ģЩҲһЩСȺϴţ䡣
мӾȻСȥģǽµ
Ǻںߣܡһ˸ĺӺһûһɹԴʱͷѪһͷԵڵϣá
ںеڶ֣һΣռңڶΣռҵҲֳ
ƴˣС㡣һӴźüΧס¶עܵСǡ
УҿѪһƬ࣬ԭΪ¶ˣȴ˻ҷϵľţҵһο˵Ļҡ
ٺ٣롭СǼŹģԽԽŨңԶĵط쿴˵ֻһĲҽ
Ķ¶ǱߣҿڱһС׾ٵڵϵʱ֪ⳡսûκεʤ㡣
죬Ķ¶󣬾ʧĺš
ڵţȥǱסˣһͷһСǰЦܻȻǰ򣬼ü۵ͷʱʱĳһ
ӹͼƿĽһѹϣȫˡ
СͻȻŭеĺͷϻһ¡
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ڱ۵ʱ򣬷ž磬кɫͰɫ漴ǿĴСЦҹƮëȻ
ʱңеǿҵĲģ뵽˺ܶˣ¶պٻҵõֵǣҵûҵʶվǽģˡ


173 ʯ
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Ҵ˼Ȼѣŷ亹
ѵһĻֻһΣ
ۿǰȴԼһİķ˯һӣʲôûУŷϲűԼ΢΢ĴʹС
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ҳȥ˼ţֻԼĻ
ѵұץˣ˭ץңںǺˣֻˣ¶أֳ׷ʲôһ֮ôˣ
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Űӳȥʹţʯ΢΢һ£ȻǿȻ
ԼͻȻһģǲвŮġ
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ƴԣƴǸ˵ţʧˡ
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ͲĿ˺üˣʶĳ˼ȴ⼸һģվǽڱϣ㶣ϸһŷǼˣ߽˿ŷֲǼ˶һε·ǳصĽʣһ£졣
ҼǰߣݶϵżӣԲĹĵҲ֪ʲô
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Ҷʱϵ˿ԽԽۣҧϴš
ͻȻصһصʯűƿˣұײķڵϴ˼һи˳һ˹
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˵ţĳǸղǸ˵ˡ
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ܾ򣿡˻䣬һܹһš
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㣬ҿߡţȥץߣֱסȻұ˦ȥԶ˲Ƕˡ
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԰㲻ɱӣĥӣӲˡҰյɥ˵
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žһһƣЦ
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ų㲻뿴˭Ҹᣬϡ˵ŰסˣӲĽ·ҵϡ
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ųˣ׷ңҾͷȥ˵ţĿѵҵĽ·ϡ
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175 ɱ
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ֻûϵռһһӶˣѵնɽǵӶ˻ҲǰɣռҵİȫȻرҪġ
˺һҲûп̣Ҳ˵ֻûпȥǱûעɣϾ̲ǸӶ˰ˣռҵӶ˺ͼҶȥˣûʲôϡġ
¥ݿڵķ£ȥôҲ˯ţϸŴһкռ֮ҵƺ췭ظı仯ǰܶҲ֪飬ĸˮ
һеôһأҰ˼⡣
ҾҪؼȥҵʸ顣
һ·߳ռұյſڣһ˵ôȥϰԸģúõϢ
ȥ㶫һġҰ˱һۣеģֱ߿ˣûȤҲٶ໰
ʱѾҹˣҵͷ˳źߣżһҺþûлȥҲʱûȥһˣҵô£Ҫ̸̸
һ뵽ؼȥҵĲĿ죬ʱѾûлĳˣĺܼУҸ˽ҳһشȥ
һʮ·ڿ˿˾ڴ˯ô˾ּۻۡ
ûǮ͵طǮһֵģñ˵㡣˵
˾룬մ׼ȥʱ˾ͻȻסˣңԲۣļˣʲôˣ
˳񳯺һʱһֻӲԶҹɫһȺĵ˹ˣǴŻڵװĳªޱȣһźһ߳߹Ц
ںҵʱסˣ뵽ҹյľ棬ںһؽڽȷѪ꣬ǱǶϵˣ׷ɱ
ҶʱˣЩС˳ǳġ
㣬쿪˵һӳϳߴ֪ҾǵĶ֣ҽܹǿѵǾӶ򲻹ˣҿ϶ǲһġ
Բ갡ôŰ˾ŻŵģšԿ׺ǽ
㰡ؼҸǮܡҽĺ
¡¡˾ڴ˳ӣţವһӳ·ϴ˳ȥʱɻûüӶʱһɲһ졣
صһһźշ˹ֱӴ͸˳˾Կϣ˾ͷѪˣԴ˷ϣһҲģ֪
һβڵϻһξ룬·ߵĻ̨Ѹٵײȥ
ѸٵĵڵϷ˼ͷڻץסŷֻ֣еͷĿѣģĲһҲײӲۡ
ѵУӺòͣҼѵ˴ͷһҵܱСǸΧסˣǶҹЦţȻµı˦ͲȸΡ
ӹĻҵģò״ӳһСֱӸץסˣವһ˳ȥڿз˼ȦصʱһСסңҺٺٹЦţһҵϡ
ȭͷȥһֱӱӳȥԶٴһСϡ
ҹûжˣĳżͣȴͻȻһε۾
￩һ£ٴαסˣȻȥġ
ĸȣҪҰҷŭֹȴֺް취ÿһͼǣѸٵ׵ȥһһңһһ
ҺǰûڣⶼܵģҪȻҲᱻں˴ˡҲ֪ҪȥĶǵ֯ڲǻôԴأ
ಡһεʱֻкһصһһСոսסңͱڵˣСæҸɿˣȻȫ徯ĵһ
ҾôڵϣٴοǸڰ׵ˣ˿ܵķɿ죬ѸٵĺЩСһˡ
ͻģһ·񣬸ղŻŵСǣƺʱûκεİ취˺ܿҵߣС󣬳ҾͿ
׹һȺСֽţѸٵ׷ϹԽԽ
ҿ˿ˣ֪˭ԵŵѪζı󣬿ӸղʵѾˣӲš
ۿСԽԽ˴һһ·ͣ
Ҷһһͬû·ˣӿڣܿ챻СǸΧסˣǲŲæ߹һʮþȵӣһʱ죬Ҳ漴
Ĵ˿һһҳΧǽȥ
ۿҪȥֻеһϮһͷһһźˣҽһСġ
˻ͷӲİһ£ס˺򣬿Ҳ漴ٻͬʱһСһֻƵģ಴ֱܹץס˵Ľףʹ˹ȥ
ܣͷ˻䣬ֱӽӵΧǽǱߣȴӲקȥȻһǿҵĴ˹⡣
ڿз˼£һͷԵڵˣǼӣˤͷǵģһСܹΧǽҷɱ
ҹ˲ϵʹͷƳһۣ˻ûйǱסˣұ㾢Ų·İȾܡ
СǹĽ˲


195 
ء
һźɫҵͷƤܹȥֱǽϣһӡ
ŵŲӣıӣɱಣСĹֽԽԽһͷһƳкüС׷ᡣ
ܹԼܵĵǵϢ絽Һˡ
ҵҺֱײģȴһʱ䲻֪η
ҽ磬˾ⲻ֪ҵڼˣһ룬ұҪǿЩ˶֪һҪѪծѪҪǳΪҵ
ٺ٣ܲһСһΣҵĸǰǳªЦ˲ֱӳ˹
ȭͷǰһȻҴɳȥˣҾָҪɢˣֱҲ֮һ飬ɺôǱܹһˡ
ǰС㶣ͷɵĿңյһԽವİȾܡ
룬Щǿѵңܵıǰһֹ֪ʱûܹˣǸ˴ǱѲˡ
һֱȥǰ취ҪȣһռұǺԶ֮䲻һֵǼܣȻľʱɡ
ҪգˣͻȻͣתܡ
ļСûϵһðվٶͣǳɵʱұ㾢üײ˸ǰһС󣬴һռұ˹ȥ
صһһݺݵҵĺϣһķڵˣҹ˲ûʹıӡ
˰ˡҴܳӣƺˮ֪оˣź߿ţҴûôҪصռұ
ҿſڵļھڼ״ʱұڵˣҴŹסһСĲӣʼЩϹţҹ˲ۣƿСڵţһһߺУǱһܣҲҸеĶǵһΡ
Щʵ̫ˣֻһŹҾ;ùͷҪˣ˷ɵ˿Уصˤڵˡ
һͷСǳұƽˣЦôѿôĹ죬˻Ƥ
ʲôˣվסռұǷߵľٶǺĳ˹
Сķŭƺܲģ֪ҵþˡ
ԵģӡǵѪ˿ŭվһӣȭͷ˹ȥ
ˣڷȻǰʱˣ͸һɴ̱ǵĽζҲ֪ǸʲôϷ
ռұڸϹѾʧƺˣǼңҴ˻ȥ
ʲôҪ֪ͨϰ𣿡ıڶӳǸп˿ңҵơ
ãллǡҵһξʵûôѿƺûôͣҲûӵٶȿ죬Ǻôҡ
ȥˣҺû£ҪȻôϰ彻ж˵Աȵһμ˺ܶ࣬Ȼ֪ҵݺ󣬶Ƚϵ顣
۵ĸ첲ŸղľȻ£ռҵ˽ŮҽҼ飬ҿǣ¶ҺøղţҺ¶һ
ֻǸˣʲôأҲ֪ôˣ᲻ᱻСǴЩ˶ʵֲ̫ˡ
úϢɣǼǿ˽䱸ǲġнһżڱſĿܡ
¥ݿڵķ££ȴշתѲ⣬ôҲðӣǱں˶ˣǴɱڣԺ㵥жˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱԺ¥ж˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿ˣѲӶô£
ҺĴſ˿ģ¥ݿڵĿأҿһӰವĴܽ˳ȻŸˡ
Ҳһ㶣Ͻȥŵ˭
ûжŴˮ˵㲻Һˡ
ҡ洫̵
̣ȥĶأôڳʲôһΪС͵ءû뵽̻ˣ֮ǰȴΪʲôûмأ
û£˯ţأ˯ɡ˵
ʱҿûʲô˯ˣ˵ǰȥĶˣ㿪Űɣ죬ﲻܡ
ŶȻҰѶźá˵꣬һ֨ѽһˡ
ҿϺϺöˮҲܵɫƺãϽʵû°ɣ
ʲô£ɻ
ɫò԰ףǸðˣʵ
Ȼᣬʧ߰ɣʲôǵĿңˣʵôˣ
飬ҽңˣұȥҵģ·ϱһȺ׷ɱ󣬾ܻˡ˵꣬ͻȻ
̾죬㳤ˣܶҪѧѽ
֪̣ҽ˯šԽˡ
ҲҪȥ˯һ˻Ҫѧأȥɺӡ̴ȰĿҡ
ǡ
ˣȥɣȿȡ˵ſϣͻȻԲֹ
ôˣҪϢһɡһæȥ̡
ȴֱӽҸƿˣȴͿȵĸˣЩѵ˵Ҳܣȥ˯ȥ
ҪҽɣȥС˵Ҫߣȴסҡ
ãû£û¡˵ſǽڴϢţͷ亹졣
ЩţһƳۣĵϣһЩɫĶϸһƣȻѪ
һ㶣ͷҲڿңܹŹ֣æţߴٵȥϢ
̣ǡҳԾʵ
ûʲôȥЪˡ˵תߣҿıӰĲЩģ۾һƣѪ͸ˡ
̣ˣ˵æȥ
ʲô㿴ˣˡ˵û߶ԶͻȻȥ
ҸϽȥ̻ŵңϢҲ˵һط䣬ϵơ
Ϊʲôѽȥҽż˵
ҵģӡ̵͸ڴ
ҳһ£ͷæȥѵƹˣȻ̵ķȥͳԿ״ţȥǷϵ˴ϡ
ô죿ҷϵѪԽԽˣʱæҵġ
ȥʰɾ㡣̼ٵĴš
أҪơҽ
û£ȥԵúܼС
һûпҴææȥ˳ŷˮҲѪҲУҸϽʰ
ҿźһŴѪʱҶʱùһһӣ滹һڰߣ˰ٻݣա
˸ղǾĶǵһĻѵ˵ղžҵ̣


196 
㿪šһص̵ķˣš
Ȼ̵Ƶģƺ˼˻̰Ŵˣһ·ͷ϶Ǻſϡ
ҸϽȥ£ɻ̣ôѽΪʲôˣ
û£㲻õģ飬ϣ𵽴˵Ҹлл㡣Ŷͷ˵
ҰɣǲϳȥˣҪȻôҲأռӶ˵ˣʵֻԴΪڶΪʲôҪݣһʵ
㶣һ̾ϢҲ˵ġ
ʱˣ㻹ʲôأǰٻݵˣյʦϴǸҹңϵ·ߣиղҲңԲԣҼеʵ
ӣû뵽ᱻ㷢֡ǿɬһЦͷˣҲʱøˡ
Щæʵ͸ҰɣΪʲôҪأнôôȥ
ȥ棬²ñ֪˻Ƶ˵
ҵͷ̽ͷȥƣȷȫˣغţĵҲϨˣʵĹͶӳƵԵúǲ
˿ڣϢһ˵Ҫģϣܹ׼ҪӦңҪȫıܣ𣿡
̣㵽˵ʲôأҼɫܽţⵣƣأֵҪȻȰҽйκ˵
еģֻϣ֪õ֪ǰٻݵˣҲյʦҲͻˣ֮ûи࣬Ϊûеʱ򣬶ڣѾǱƲˣԡͻȻܵӡ
еż鷢̫ͻȻˣ̵֪˵ãŲסˣҸϽ˵˵ˣҽҽ㲻¡
ˣ̵Ϣ΢ƽһ£˵֮ռӶˣΪҵݣӦˡ
ţǲ֪𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷ˵û֪Ҳ뵽ȥġ
ΪʲôأʲôģҲ
Ϊǣһ޴ܣ֪Խ٣ҲԽá˵
һʵʲôܣ
̳һ£˼˵ڻܸ࣬Ϊ㻹û֪࣬ǲġֻܸ㣬ңҹ飬㲻ܸκˣܰ쵽𣿡
ţ̣ղЩСô϶ƴˣҪ㣬ҿ϶˵ʲôҶӦ㡣Һǽҷƺ첻ˡ
ӣģܹ㣬Ѿˣ㻹ᣬҾһһҲֵˡ˵ţ»ǵˮȰĿңͷһ¡
æƤһֲڵ֣ԴռңҾ;̺УûϵͻȻǸҹ飬ʵ̣ϴξҵҲ𣿡
ĬĬĵͷɬЦǵĺӣҲûбҪˡ
ǵʱôˣһôȵңҼǵǶ򲻹ġҲ
ҵȻֻһˣ㻹ǵõʱ𣿡ʵ
˵ģֻЩǺںˣֵ֮סˣҿҪιȥʱҼ˺ڰ׵ˣǾ𣿡
ңҵЩͽ˵
ͽ˵ٻݵЩŮ𣿿˵ûȥءɻ
Ȼǰٻݣͽһгû֯šдһ˿ء
ţʲôûסҺܳԾ
̳˼Ƭ̣˿ڽ͵һûİᣬڽ֪ÿ˶Ǿϸѡܹģÿ˶Ÿǿ֣ܹϸѵ
ֲÿԾỵ̄ŵˣôأѵʱҲߺͺۡ
ԣеһͽ̻ش
Ұľѹҿ͸أԭô⣬Ҳֲնô཭飬ԭŵˡ
ǣҸʲôϵأ⵽ô£ԽԽͿ
ΪҲܿ㱻ںɱѵ㣬㹻ԱΪǱںϵˣǱȻ׷ɱ̽͵
شյ˵һģһҰңѵҵʱȻ̣ȴҽһǴǳص׶յ׷ɱҾͲܵĹǼСȭͷЩӣҲܹܶЩɫ
ʵ̣ϴżŵרŶԸں𣿡
ô˵ǵĳֲɺϣԭġ˵ҡ
ʲôԭ򣿡ʵ
ԥһ£˵Ҹ㣬㲻ҪеԾҪȴӦһ¡
˵ɣһΪҸϽ
ҪøǿУ𣿡̺Ŀҡ
Ҽᶨĵͷ˵̣ҲǿҿҶȥ㱨ء
úӣϣ˵ʧ̬úˣһԵģ˵ţӻһ滹մѪ˿ڷȱʲôʱȻá
̣Ҵӽռҵĵһ𣬾;Ҳһ㲻һֱڰбҰɣҽ壬Сղ
̿ɬЦЦ˵ǵģܴ˲ֹңա
գ⣬ʲôԽĳԾˡ
һֱܻ㣬ϸ뿴ѵ
ҰԳԾܿҺմʶڣƺɺô򵥡
ԴҵһѧУʳﱻ֣ŲĴ׷ŴվͳˣһΣõ˺ԼսʱǸ԰ʱҲʱĳˡ
ӥʱľңǲһеĻңԭԭġ
̣ձҵĶ𣿡ģӹһụ̊ҷֿʼ
ô˵ӣϣסڵΣգҪԸĵˣǿ࣬һжɺϣںĳָɺϡ˵úǳ֪ǿš
Ϊʲô⵽ʲôԭ򣿡һʱеأܶ鶼벻ס
̸˵ʲôͻȻɫһ˻ˣǧס˵ĻһҪܣϽȥ
ҵͷæųȥҿնɽˣǿվڿң㶡
壬ˣҳԾʵ
նɽͷһң˵ҽӵ绰͸ϻˣղųȥˣ
ǵģû¡Һҵ˵
ĶѪҽûи㿴𣿡նɽɻ
һ㶣̵Ļҡҡͷ˵ģû塣
أôûпڲ˵𣿡նɽ˵Ĵ˿ʹɫ
ޣȥ˵æ̵ķȥƿţտҲ


197 ô˵
أնɽһɻ
Ҳ֪ղڷءҲе˼⣬ôأҲ֪ȥʲôطˣ˵ЩһЩطûиס
նɽĬһ˿ȥƺԾʲô£ʹˣ˵Ϊԭ򡣡
ͷҪߣ绰ˣӹһ˵̴ġ
նɽͷʾӵ绰һ˵䣬նɽ˵ϼе㼱£Ҫȥ죬ϰ١
ðɣ˵¶չˣİɡնɽԸ
Ͱնɽ˵ˣ˵绰ǰԱվš
壬ûµĻȥϢˡҸеȣͬʱҲ̡ܵ
Ȼ˵˵ô£նɽסңࡣ
ʵ˵ȥҵ߳ûԶһС󣬾ϴҺ¶ǰˣҿܵĿ죬ڷ˾ҡ
ںˣնɽһ㶣һۣһϵֱ̫ˣûаǷ˶ԽԽ޷ˡ
ϰ壬ӣǱں˶ˣԺܵȥˡ忴˿˵
նɽͷĳ˵죬ˣԺ˽жҪǳˣûø罻ԺҪȥ֪ͨһ
ޣ֪塣ҵͷ
ɼˣѧѧ͡նɽԸ
֪ϰ塣ϹϾ
ѧУҲ̫ȫˣʲô¶ɵĳİȫͽˡնɽ࣬˿˵Ҳ̫ģúѧϰ̫࣬Ҫκ˼븺øȻ㽻ңҾͻᱣģȥϢɡ
ҵͷ˵ллͻطȥˣԼնɽʲôնɽǺܹҵģֻرĵ̣ڷŸ̴绰ȴʾ޷ͨ
ԭȥҵģڿ粽ˡ
ҹ˺ܶ࣬Լһ·ֵ飬صģһҹûô˯ãڶһӶͣҳûǸζ
նɽڼң尲˼ڸңȥһУȻѧУſţʱǵĵ绰
ٴλصѧУصģһǵҪ顣
磬ˣҸյңͿ˺ӣ۾תţзſڿ˿˵磬ôҲˣ
ʲô¶㣬أҿ˿ֻмǶҴкûпʯͷĩǡ
ʯͷתƵȫĵطˣΪĩ乧ȥˣ磬Ҷ׼ˣ͵˵Ŵ˸绰
ҵͷţȴеĲɵġ
磬£ɻ
û£˶ʲôʱʼʵ
һСʱɣĩ˵ˣǧ׵ʱͿʼȷû£ô£ӹĵʵ
µģȥɡ˵׼ߣȴſʮɻʵЩôİ
磬ܰ˵Źȥ§һǸͷģ
áĺܿ࣬Ҳһҡ
ҵͷӸϽ˵лݹƷļģ˵Ҫá
̡ݹƷ˵Ÿҷָ̣ҵϡ
Ҿķңͳ˼ڣʵõ飬㶼˵ΪʲôԸǣ
磬ҾƷõҲ֪ĺЩ˾ӿɲ翴ˬˣʮˣʹʲôԸ˵ݹƷǺܺˬ
ĩ֪°ɣҿ˿ʵ
֪ģѾˣȴݹƷȥˣҪһȥ
һе飬ȥɣСĵ㣬ֵǴһʱǧҪĴ˵
ģһá˵Ŵ뿪ˡ
Ҽˣ˵绰һȥ
үģô༶Ϻ𣿡
ҵٳʱ򣬿ܵ϶żǳţٴգͻȻ˵ĸоôֵġ
㣬㣬ܣں׷ȥ£˸ȴվϣպһʼǴҴææľ
ۿ˼ʮԶˣͼವһ³ȥˣһգ۹ͳԽǣʱģͷɥͣεĿա
ûԷ𣿾һȥŵ˼˦˦̷üԵúǰյӡ
ս㣬⣬ⲻܹ̫˵㣬ҡ֧֧ģͷһ޹
ջ˵ʲôͷ˵Աߵңӻֲͷ˵ˣҺúõϾͿʼˣҪòΣǰˣôʰǡ
ս㡭ҺһЦЦ˿Ҽ̸˵Ļ
С죬ʲô²չ§ҵļ˳˳̷˵ġ
мҪ˵ߡ˵źߵƫƧĵط
ʲôأģ͵أ˵ȥƿȪˮͻȻָϰ㲻֪ۡ
ս㣬̳ˡҿŲٳЩѵ׼ѧǣġ
˭ˣü΢壬ҡ
ѽʦǰٻݵˡҺܽ˵
㶣һѵˣûмʦ˵ĸ
Ҽպ棬ǿЦϸһ룬Ѳղ֪ʦռң
˵ѽôµģմߴٵ
ս㣬һֱڱҶԲʦֱʵ
һ㶣һµС죬ʲô˼
սװˣʦ϶ˡ˵
ЩɫһС˵Ķģ
ǵģںˣҪʦ֣ҽˡʵشš
ȷô£Щ
Ұҹ򵥵˵һ飬ֵǹƥԸЩˣ˺أˣ㣬㣬֪֪ȥ
һ˶Ըģüͷһ壬ɫ
ǵģô죿Һܵε˵
漴һƿң˵Ϊʲô˵ȥ
˵̷ĳܣҸ˼ں溰սȵҰȥĶң
ѧУűҶȥȥµ绰ϵ˵ѾĦгϳˣ಼£ֱӴܳȥˡ
Ҹ˼յıӰɺս㣬ҵ˵һ
ѾܵûӰˣǸӡ
磬Ͽʼˣĩȥءӹ۾תţ˿Զҵļ磿û°ɣ
ûҶ׼ˣһҪԸˣȭͷߣ


198 ֻһ
չ˶ǿʣһһȵ＾˶ֿʼˣĿУ߹Ǹһѧ뻮һ
㲥һŮ˵ҵŮٻͤͤվϯ̨ϿʼĻˣᣬͬݺȣӣ¸λעĿ
ٳϣȫУʦڴˣʼʢľۻᣬĳҶ˷ܼ¶
һ׼ֻĿʼˣǧףǵĿʼҲĽʤڴһ١ĩԱҡӣһгӡ
ҵͷͷϯ̨ϵٻһģЩƻʦǣҪȵĻٻһеŮʦеʦˡ
ÿγܻ궯Ц⣬ôˡ
˵źһһȵ＾˶Ļ
ĿʼɵĿչԶĿΪǧҪռóأں档
磬ԸȥˣֵǶиɾκһĴʮֵң乧УС
ң硣ûȺ˵꣬һˣǷźӽܹĻݹƷЦЦ˵ĵһ֧̣ݸһ֧һڣ
ҲμˣҿǰĻݹƷοĴѹ󣬺ܶ˶ɢȴԸǣݵ˲С
ǵȻˣĵطڡݹƷٺһЦ³һȦָָٳϵļ˵ȻҵЩֵǣѾˣһĸɣ顣
˭Χʵ
ŴЦȻˣģеֵܶˣֻҪȷǹһ죬Ϳʼж
ǵӣг񣬲ҵǣ˲Сӡĩ
Ұһۣ˵Ҫ־Լ磬ֻɹʧܣף
ֻ֮ѣһʱҪϢñпծǲҪӮҪӮñвĩµʵ
ϼѻǶɵģһ֣֪ûУ缸˵ǲǣݹƷˬʵЦ
ˣͻȻһ
ҶһһļͷһֺΣźüʮӵ˲ٳö࿴ֵ˶ÿһ·
˵ŸѣһŪ⹷յġݹƷյ˵
С˵־ѣضǣʤϾͿɼ԰ꡣĩҡӣ΢΢Ц۾һ⡣
ҿڴ˾ǵʱĳЦЦȻĴָԼȻһ£ְСָͷ±ȻųָЦͣģЩҲӵӡ
ĵɪھȥԵġݹƷ߷߲ƽ
ĩ˿ʱ䣬Ȱһ˭Ц󡣡
ĶüζˣһܷŹ˶˶ڵģԽɡ
ǧĿλѡ׼ǧһеһɫĿйѧǵļ¼һֱûбƣ֪࣬᲻Ƽ¼أĿԴɡ
ٻʼĻˣٳڳмܵ׷ԾվΧɽ˺һʱ˷˷׷˹ȥ
磬͡õֵܳһȭͷ
ģڣ粻ǵһҲǵһ缸𡣡ݹƷǺģӣҵļߡ
ǹȥʱҿ乧վڶӸµĿǣʹ˸ɫ
磬ðˣһǵǰ澡ܿ·лžӣǺЦ磬ҽķô˧˧
Եģ㡣ǳһ䣬æѾѹ˵磬ĩҸҴ仰һǧҪ̫Ķ֣ñ棬ڽţá
֪ˣߴҼ£һ
һãûǣԵġһû˵꣬ͱһһ£һͷһͼҸΧסˣռλá
ζĿң˵СӣôŰ𣿡
СյģվԶûУŭһǲ
ôţǲǣΧסС
ȭͷŭĶ
ʹԵ˭˭˵žҪӾӡ
侲˵
Ͷˣ˱ƣˣһϺȡЦ
𣿡΢΢ЦţζĿҲңܹܵĵ䡣
ʲôأվˣϾͱˣվõֱ̭Աֺģ̹һ
ҶվáҺһкͻݹƷվˣĶˡ
Ավţһµ˻˭õһõڶֱʧһУҲҶһ
㵽ף䲻𡣡ҲΪȻ˵
˫һ죬һļͷ˵ɲҪڵ
ûи磬ܵƣͷ˿ܣԱ˿ڡ
죬ޡʱٻվǲԶȺЦӯӯĳ֣һڴӡ
ҳٻЦЦЩӣ֪ǴǱǰиɼܣôôأµѾ˲ôˡ
ٻƺ˿ûвһ㣬ˮӯӯģӳ£ôͻȻʶѾöûп΢ЦˣܾãҺٻԽԽԶ
ʦҲǵǸĹԺˣһжˣ֪ȴȻҪôĹңΪʲô
صһǹҷٻӹһ˿ţһͻȻصһǣһͷջĸ첲⣬Цţһ˻̧ȳǰ˹ȥͷʾ
ҧȭͷǰһͻȻ±һ£һЩ˵ϣվȣ;ñϮһ磬Ұһ²ŲŲֻһջ˽ţҼ˹
ҵĽŲУһ˦ȹȥһͷԵڵˣ˴ϲŹȥˡ
һͷٻС죬״ӡ
֪εǧףҳصĲֻһ˵ڴ
ʮͬʱܵϷɱͬҵܵϣʱ
Ҷǰ̧ȿ粽׷˹ȥ


199 
Сģĸȵģ
һȦ꣬һ͵Ϯ˵ˣ׼ֻ֣һ˹סǸһǻݹƷ
ҵһ£һϣݹƷವһȭͷҹȥˣԸ
ֹѾˣֻݹƷץһͳ飬ͷѪģڵϸɺܿʦӲǽǸϳȥˡ
ȹңܣͦ㡣ݹƷЦЦ˼ȭͷʦܰˣǺȻıʸҲȡˡ
ҳݹƷͷмĿһۣŤͷǰ񱼣ʱȻǰ棬ʱͷָһĵӣһ̵
磬ȥܡдһ˹ȥǺܿסȥ·̧źǻһһȣԶƺǲСײˣǽʵýŻ๥Է
һ˱סˣֵܰг֣ԽԽ٣õҲԽԽ١
ϸ˿乧³Ҳͼһ𲻵ˣֲʶҲ֪мܵϻʣʮ˵ӣȻڲš
ǧףһ߳ľ룬μӹֱ˶֪һʼٿͣ濿Ķͳ徢ʱ˿̣ҼڴڵĴˣ֪ˣĳԽ˼ˣѸٵĳĸ
䣬塣³˻һҽವ˹ȥȻӲϳܵĻҲ̭ˡ
һͷ³ںǶԴ򣬼ʦȥ֪ǵֵԽԽˣǵģʣµЩˣˣҾͷۣҲܵյġ
磬Ͻ£ȿˮܵڶȦʱ򣬺ӸŹһһ߳ˮݸһȪˮƿ
̧ۿҲںˮ˦ҴŰȦľ룬ڵεЦš
ôˣұܱʺӡ
Ӹ˼Ⱥп˿˵ѾĵĴˣ㲻صģѾˣڳ˴Ż߸ӣĶʮ˻֪Ҫ͵Ϯǣĩָ£ϻݹƷʮˣһɵʮˣٹӶˣֵҸڵһڱصãѡʮ˲μӱҪСˡ
û£һͦסȥСܣｻˡ˵żӿٶ
磬Ҫסھ乧ˣ޲ԣԣи¡
û˵ʲôӿٶȼ׷ϣۿҲ۵ˣǻȦͿԵյˣұϸ
˻׷Ӱ˵ŻͷЦ
ҧǰ񱼣ͻȻɫ̫ԣһЦһֻеԱϮһ磬һ˸Ҽлˣһǰһĵסҵ·ʱʱĳ
˼£ø첲ײһȻһɨȹȥһֱӷڵˣҪܣͻȻüˢˢĽΧ˸תͣĳ
ЩŵĶţˣһڵģ֪ǹģĿڵڶȦͽ˦ԶԶģӹǵ͵ϮҲ׷ˣȻǸС
ۿֻܲһ޴ĺӰڱ⣬Ͷ¾޴Ӱ˼ͷһ乧ˡ
ߣｻҡ乧һһһ˺üҲ˱סˣɴͭŭۣһһֳһˣֱˤܵ
ʲôͣʦæǧףĿѾ˾ռˣΪ˱ĦìܣʦǶܻ
ֻ乧ƺûưոݣǿĽƲһ˶ȭͷҹȥˣǸܲҵı̧ȥҽҡ
֪乧ҲȡʸˣʣһˣֻпˣЩǶΪ˱ȫңҲʧ
ұ㾢񱼹ȥûϵ乧սܿǳƽˣ粢
ĸȣСյͦأȻ׷ˣе˼˷ۣȻļͷ
ʲôУʹɣ˽죬ûˣ𣿡˵һ߹ȥˡ
Ѹٵһ£ܿңһϷںͷΪ㻹ֶܼã
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ΪϹΪɵ𣿡˵æڵܹȥĻͿԱܿǼˣϸվʱһͻȻ˹
ұײ˸ţ͵ˣȺжʱһƬ꣬źУӵװСƵģŻųȺܡ
ţ׼߳ˣǽӶײңһһεģûסҲΪҲ֪ʲôʱ˴ĸطֻܾܳĶܣһһǱ͵Ϯɹˣһӵڵϡ
˦һξˣڣֻʣһȦˡ
Χ۵Ⱥʱ̶Ҫ䱸ͻȻⲢӰĽУҸеЩʱͻȻһͷϲű˳ֱۣХűŸܡ
ʯͷû뵽֪õֵǶȥԸˣʯͷҿЩ㣬ȴĹĸңҿͿ죬ֱǲһ£ھ˳ʯͷҲܰҵסˡ
Բۣ㰡㣬ǵһǵڶʯͷٺЦţϻˣЦЩȻȴȻڼš
ҿȺУͻȻ˱ȥʱϸһƣԭĩż˹ˣĩϵһ֣һĸ׼˹Ǿ͹ȥȥȻ˾ûȺˡ
ʱͷһۣû˳ֹˣʱеˣŭų֡
һͷһֵҳˣ룬ɱˣΪ˶ñھȻѾǿܵˡ
ҿ˿ȺУĩڳʾʲôҶ˼ˣ¾㱸ֻǷˡ
˱͵ϮĲˣھʣ⼸ˣҶʱӿ˲ӣ˿˦ҼʮԶΧ˸ʵ
ʱûжˣĿǰٶȣֻ²Ұ⼸ŷڵϣ͵˵һˣĻһŬ׷ˣҲôʧ
ȭͷ׼עһˣ뼴㲻ΣҲҪʹѩޣҲʱͻȻܳһҵĸǰɫ˵磬Ͻߣｻҡ
ĸǰôûм㣿Ҳǵû˸ģɵе乧ͣӺģһֱûע
ҽ׿Ȼģߡ׿Ȼ˵̳˹ȥˡ
׿ȻҲִģȻӲżǺŤһռסˣ˫ԴܿǱȡʸ
ұΪûˣ׿ȻİҾл׷ȻԽҸмĿ׿Ȼһۣҧ˹ȥ


200 ̵
ԲۣԵ˻治ءе㾪ʧˣӴûϵһ׷ȥʼӿ첽ӳյܹȥˡ
վסĶܡʱҲӿ˲ӣǰǿѵĽãϼӴ࣬ҧһ׷
صһһɨȹȥˣԵЩȻܹȥˣǲЩģͷݺݵĵֵۣļܡ
һŰ˹ȥڱˣһͷԵڵˡ
ҰһϲҪյܣû뵽ץס˽ףʹ£ȴľŲ֣ವĴȻŤҵĸ첲ЦյģԵõһӺͬھ˭᲻Ρ
ʱֲܳ첲ȭͷҪȻԵķ棬ҪȡʸģʱҺյֻмʮԶˣܶ˶źţʦͲж˺ˣ͵ǹȥΧ۵Ⱥ˷ܵźŴûпҵıҪͬʱյˡ
ְ㹷յʲô˼˵ţ˭֪⹷յľȻľţȫˣҲʼңһȭͷ˹
˻ΪõһǶˣ˿Ƶģ§ҵĲӣӲŲ֣ҾʹʱмʦòԾˣæܹ׼ˡ
뻵ˣֻҪȡʸˣһһˤȥˤ˵ϣȻ󲻹һеĳǰ塣
յ㣬ǰˣȻ˭Ҳ벻ֻȱԶʱһӰವĴܹҸǰһĳԽҡ
ҿ˵һյʱҵķζ챻ըˣڿУźĴҫţʱȫһƬöŮһΧסŮݹȥˮ̧ڿ˦š
ֻһڶҸеֵľɥҽĶˣڱʱҸûע˾ݶڣһ˫۾ž⣬ڳҲмЦţӼȽֵ⣬ھͷĪƵġ
㲥֣Ȼڹ㲥ڲǧ׵ĹھǸ꼶Ǯɣļ¼һٶڣֱһƥͻȻɱϲ
ҷ߷߲ƽĶǸǮɵˣ⿴˿ң͸ޱȵ˼˵㻹˵㡣
ͻȻִܸУˣ˭ܹô׷ǲ򵥵ǰƺûм
Ҵŷŭ˲࣬תȭͷ˹ȥһĪҪѪծѪҪӱ
˿̵ʦųߣΪˣȴŵЦţֻңһ룬Цݽˣһȭͷȥһֲ
㶻ûлһȭͷȥˣžߴıһѪ뻹֣šסһɨȥһͷԵڵˡ
ϣȭͷһᣬҰЩԹ޺ͷŭйˣҵֵǵ裬˶ΪǣҪú
Ҳ֪˶£ֱã۾״ңΧһɧңǼҵĴĲಿҪõֵ׼һȺսʹ˿չˣǣ˱ı˵ġ
أ˿ңһ仰Ҳ˵Ҿļͷʹĳͷ­ϺݺݵײţѪŽ˳
ǼʦʹңҹܰӣҽԺɼ£Ǻò˵ģ룬ǸõֵһˣҵĽΣҶҪһڶҺҵֵǶ̫ˡ
ǿ̧ȥģȺɧУֳ˶þȵңһѪҰҾôҵôĹ죬˾֡
ҪбҴߣҿ»׷򣬶ЩСǣɢҵõֵǣҲҷɢˣڲԶңǺܽı顣
οЦЦ˲ϵѪͷȻҵ˶˶ˣȴ˽̵
¾УУʱ򣬱һŭңʱɫԾޣԭѽû˰ɣεֵıȽϵأء
һ˸ɵģԸܴдֻǼǹֶԵģ벻ؼ׷ˡҺܹϵ˵
⣬ⲻ̫ðɣϰ֪ˣ˵ҹ޷ģҵˣ鷢ıȽϻңпԭģȽǧ׵ĿĦìܵģǸܵͬѧҵˣҲвԵĵطòãȻȥϢһ鴦УЦе˵
㶣֪УնɽӣһͷõֵǣǶĴָʼˣȻУǾӦûˣҶУ˵ллչǲˬģΪǸһǸǮɵˡ
Ǯɵģֱ֮Ҫ޳ܡ
硭õֵվ棬ͻȻҸ̧ȥ֪ףѵõʤζ˵νˣǽ壬ֱǴˡ
䣬޵СֵһЦտģҿǵЦö˶ٵˣûɵһᣬΪ˶ԸҶŬ
мұ˵һ¡˵ĿŴң˵ȻǹھȡˣǸǮɵˣ˭֪ĵϸ
֪أǸİɣû˵Щ߷߲ƽʼ۷׷׵ġ
ӣҼ۾תţƺⲻ˵ŤͷȥҰ˳˵ôˣɲԸӱʲô˲֪Ӧ֪ɣǮ˭
磬ʵҲرѽҪȻҾ͸ˡ˸˵
ϻѲӣôҰյ˵
ҶźӣͷɫͻȻз˵ģû뵽Ǯɻֵģûע⵽
˭Һܲʵ
˵ǸĿӣƽʱܵ͵Ϊ˽թ񱩣һϵˣȻףҰֺ̣ܲиţҰèɫŹֵ˵ƺǼɵ
ôţƣӱѶԸúȻûֱӽ֣ȴռȻֱ̫ˡõֵǿʼ
ҰèҼסˡһҰèǲмӿһѪ룬Һ֮䣬ҪٱһΣڱһС
Ҽǵҵԣǵ·ţһɲƽһֻҲҪ顣
죬ʲôҳ˼ʱһϤһͷһٻ
ٻЩӣƺôƣһ˿ᡣõֵǼе㲻֪ˣʾ뿪
ʦ£Щʵ
˵أҹл˵ٻԹĿһۣת뿪ûƽ


201 زȥ
ʦʲô£Ҿ֪ʣʵҴܹµģΪ˶϶Ը顣
Լ˵ɣΪʲôҪأٻգſεüۣ㳲ȴ˲ƭ
˸ôѧУаԵģ۸ҵֵǣҲŻ˵⻰ʱ򣬺޻⣬֪ٻϲҴܣղһֳġ
ٻŶͷƺЩܣŴ̾죬֪ʦΪʲôһֱ𣿡
ʦΪҺãϾѧ㲻뿴ѧҶǶʲôãһƵʱѲɻȥһʦҲѡųӦ÷𣿡˵뷨Ȼٻü͸žȡ
ٻЦһ̾ϢԴٻҾһˣԼأ
һңֻҲųʦʲôõģ㻹ǵ뱣ҪøǿˣǵǸ˻۸ұ
е𣿿ΪԽǲǣٻʵ
ʦҲЩҵģĽܣҲڣ㻹ǵǴķӥĶѪǴ˹۸㣬Ҳ³ֻôʱ粻ǻôԸһŮˣ˵
ٻ㶣ҧ촽һ˵ǲǾûˣ˵¸磬ǶҲңҸøлǡ
ǵʦƺܲϲǣΪǿ⣬ûǣҺڲվ﹵ͨˣʦΪʲôҺɻʵ
ǰңֻǣֻѧǣһٸԸ⣬Ϊһ·𣿡ٻЩǶ£Ҳý
ܱȱ۸ĺã˰ѵӼڲϣѵƾ׸𣿡Ҳ˵
ٻĿ˸ƲƲ죬˵죬ûж᲻ǿܹվסŵģҪ˵δõģӦѧϰȻȻɼҵִѡ·Զ޷ͷˣ㶮𣿡
ʱңĽٻȰأҾ̫ıˣѾˣ˵ܶ޺ͲʵѿѾǵǸΪһѧѾͱϥˡ
ôһ˲䣬ǸֻΪúѧԺȴת˲ţ룬ҲزȥˣΪпʵ޷ȥ
ʦллȰ棬ûͷѡ˾Թ޻ڡ˵⻰ʱͻȻĪᣬԵĿٻʧ
ٻһ̾ĬĬ˵죬Ȼ˵ʦҲû취֮ǰʦ㽲¿ɺã
ʦ˵㲻ҪôۣڲǺúõ𣿡ЦЦȴеǿ
ǵ¸ͰɣҾʹӰ忪ʼ𣬺𣿡ٻգƯƺ˻䡣
Ҷ԰壬ҲһֱȽϺ棬Ҽǵð˵ѧУѧ˵ʦ˵ɣ֪ء
֪ô𣿡ٻͻȻҡ
岻ڸ¸翴Ż𣿡˵
ٻҡҡͷüۼӹһ˿ˣ˵ǵģǲǰжûмˣ
һ˰ɣôˣҲ
סԺˣǰȥҽ˵ҪҽԺɺþãһܺҿʱѹ浣һҲٻʹ˵
ʲôǱ˭ˣô£ҺǾȵ
ٻҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪Ҳȥ֪³ǳ㶮˵Ҹңû𣿡
ʦ㡭ҼٻͻȻ۾ˣһᣬ֪˵ʲôá
ٻ۾૵˵ѧǴǰˣҸոյ飬ǸܴĺӣһɼҲãʦΣڸһϰѧڣȫ꼶ĵһأѧУ쵼ʱ򣬶˵Ǵѧص󣬼Ǳƴѧģϧ
ڰ壬˽Ĳ࣬ǸܽˣҲٻҽЩʱȫȥֻ밢嵽Ǳ˭ˡ
𣿡ٻƺҵ˼ɻʡ
ţʦ˵ɡһ
Ҳ˵ˣҲϣͰһصޣĻüٻȰ˵
㶣һʱ䲻֪ôشٻֻ˵ʦһᱣԼġ
Ҳǵ㵱˵ʲôҵĳŵأٻԺʧ
ңҡ֧֧ģҾ޻˵ˣһļǵãĵĶٻ˵Ҫϴѧúѣ룬ǶôĿЦ
ȥֻһ³㶮ҲǲҵȰ棬ѧУܶŹ˴ˣѧУˣ֮ϲҵǸ¸磬ǽأûôõʶնɽɲҪ޿֡ٻԽ˵Խ
ʦԲ𣬿Ҳףڿ˵Щ¸ͻΪʲôԸ㣿ǸʲôϵϲˣΪʲôʶǣ˵
ٻʱסˣ۾εĿңüۼԽˣð˵⣬ⲻ֪ģΪ𣿡
ΪʲôʦʲôأҲĵʵ
ˣ㲻Ҫˡٻƽܷա
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أﻹиղŵӢţЦõϵĻңǱɨĵģҴûмǱ
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213 ɽ
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223 
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225 ĺ
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229 ԴΪ֤
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Ǹֱ־أų泷ˣʧģǿһ
һһûüܣһ˵˸첲ϣһѪѪ໵ĲҺţĺţŸ첲ɥĿҰèͬǡ
ЩûмˣǾĲһЩȭߣССְˣѪȵĳ棬һʱɵˣ׷׵Ķš
ټյıӺ飬ԴĳϳڸһȺ˵Ѽӣܿ죬ҰèһȺ˾ɢˡ
ݣӵšҰèȻӲ˼֣˼תҪߡ
ߣû˵أվ˿ҿƲסԼŲ˵׷˹ȥ
Ұè־ֱˣܵķɿ죬תһսǺͲӰ
׷ȥվŴŴͷһö˶ΧۣǶָָģ˵ǲǿѧʱǸ갡Ҳ̫˰ɣѧУ׷˿漸ţȰ
˵Ѱҿ˵İɴأΪǰŮٻ˺üˣ˲òడ
˵ⶼ£ǲǵŮ¥ǵУ¶ˣ¶׿ڳδްɲǸ򵥵
˵ˣˣϽ찡
Ų˵ʳߣЩΧ۵øӵңгԾоηģӭǵĿ⣬Ƕģǿʲôֲˣæ˹ȥ
һҿԼϵѪĲ˵ͻȻǲʶԼƵġ
ҳէ·ϾͱǮѧУֱ۸ǿЦ˵˻Ҹ¶˵˵⣬˵С
أǿҵȻоۺη壬ھңҡ
ԭһжĵķű仯
ҿջ׷żбܽӳ죬ϳСʳұ׷Σһжڸı䡣
ã䣬磬䡭ʱһź˹
һͷӺлõֵǺĳ߹Ť־ֱ磬ӲקĴҵĸǰ


232 ص
ʵ㣬¡˵һŰֱߵڵˣվӡ
־ܾǿĵңŭñ̫ˣ˵ġ
ıȻӺ磬㺰Ŵֱȥ־ĺͷ˵ϣһȭߵģ־ʵˡ
Ұèأץˣ˵ŰѲ˵ùȥ־Ĳϡ
СҲߺһõֵǿɲǳصģղżֱ̫ˣ˧ˡзٺЦ
ң˧ġͷžӼ
Ķüǣ̫ˣҰèԸӣһȺ˻ӻΪĿжţȣԭҲˡ˵ſ־ŵĻڷ
죬㣬ʲôҰְǹ֣̾ϡ־û˵꣬Ҿһơ
ĸȣŻӣղ˵ʲôţҺװȵŲ˵Ż־Ļš
ңû˵ʲôѽô־µģɫ԰׵ʵ
ȷ˵¶ʲôţҲ˵
־ʧģͷ˵㣬Ҫ¶Ұø㣬㣬߰ɣ
žһһ־ԿϣͷѪˣŭ¶ҵģ޹أ𣿡
ףҴ־ϻ̳ϿֵģϵѪŵĿһͷԵڵˡ
Բۣɱˣ۾תת־ſ˿һӣ̾գأզˣ
ѪȥҽҰɣҪȻҪµġֱڵϣһǱ˵
£Ҫ̣йȥֱһƣȥץţȡֱٺЦԵģżֱ˷ѣ㿴ҴŶ˧
үģʲôأϽɢˡʱջˣӣǰЩбܽˡ
զս㣿û°ɣƵ
Ͻִ߰ˣѧУ֪ˣˣϽɢɢˡæ§ҵĲӾߡ
һûü²˵أһͷٻվڲԶþȵңԵġ
ʱջƮŵѩٻ΢ķ˿ϣһϮȹͤͤ촽ҧţˮӯӯŵεǹ⡣
һȺʦͱڳ߻ҵţʱٻ˵ʲôȫûüҶ˲˵һõֵǣϽɢˣٶȣｻҡ
߰¸ëߡ˵ҾܣµȷִˣУΪռҵĹϵ̻ңֻӰ϶ûû˵ġ
Ҳߣһģˣ϶õֵܴġ
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ֳе˶һ£׷׵ɢˡ
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С죬ܡֵĽңת
һͷٻ׷˹˼һӻѩˣԶǵʱ񣬺ˮӣ˵ʲôҲ˲á
ͻȻСٻĹ飬˵Ҳصޣһֱ㣬Ҳϣһġ
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ѽߣץˣ߰ٻʧģͷ˿Щ죬ɴ۾ͻңҴûмġ
СүģвǲΣմ˿̷ɱקҾߡ
ɿٻ֣ɬ̣ҿޱʧӣͻȻЩպ
ٻһʼûȰ棬һ·
վס𶯡쳯ֳ񱼶ҿӣԡ
еһԾ׷ЩɵˣЩԵˣһѡ񷴿ȻЩ죬Ψ·
ߣ㡣ҵ֣תһսǣ̲סͷٻϵĲ˵ˣϲţһ絶
үģĸ˵ģС£սءշ߷߲ƽģһƿңָһ˵ܣǧͷжԶܶԶ
أզ죿ɻ
ǣûʱˣ㷢ʲô㶰һţವһ´˹ȥ޾ͳȥˡ
ǵģվȻȥϮˣô޾ηô
ҹ˲öˣתͳΧǽǱ߿񱼶ȥҲܱץһ̫û
ҴŴճ嵽ΧǽϣһУͷһʮΧ˹ڵģһڵζĿңҰè
ץ͸찡нأӷҰèֺĺ
Եģ㱨ĶԲԣҷŭѣŭȼա
ӣΪôöԸץҰèһ¡
ʮž˹ŵĸΧסˡ
ȭͷʼˣʵ̫͹ҰèˣǱǰӵսթѶԸñ޳ݡ
յģĶܣסҰèһԱıָš
Щ蹷ƵģҲţȻͷۣҲʮ˵Ķ֣ӲıǸקסˡ
Զ챼˹


233 Ҷ
ɣԹԵĸžȥ˵ˬġҰèЦţͷž캰أץ
𣬱Сˡ˻ţȴ޼£̫ˣѹϵģҸͶãۿżֻмʮԶˣҸеΡ
ء
һ죬һֱײԱߵһϣŴ˼£һ޴ĺӰڱιһͷһ乧
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ܣˣҰèǰԭţǺܿЦݽˣһҽУ˼ŭɶ
Ҵ򡭡ʯͷ˹˫ڹĻ磬ߺ߹ֱģϻɴҩȴȻڵģһӹȥҰèͷ˸æܡ
žһնɱҰèȥʯͷ̧һߣҰèͷԵڵˡ
Բۣӣַ㣬磬ʯͷ˵ŵҸǰ˫ڹһϣһʱ伸
վסҪȻˡ˿Ѿ׷ˣȺ֮С
ҹ˲ˣмĿ乧ʯͷһۣһԽΧǽͷһпһۣѧУѾˣǱӵȺЩܶŹѧǣ˿ɢ׷ϵ
һȥһӣҸճ嵽·ڣͿѲ飬ǿϵѪ̾
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תӣǵҳ嵽棬ŷһͬǰһǽųϳ˼£òװǽϣͻȻһ죬ŵЩɿֱۣ˹ǽϡ
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еһҪڵ￴ǹֵڻҲֻһЦ
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вѡЭĻĵֱͷ亹
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ವһһӰͻȻ˹˳ǹͷϣȻ֨֨ĽһҺ
һͷһֻģҧס˳ǹǰǹȥˣȥץסǹұӿˡ
ԲۣĶĺӣҵǹǾ쾪ʧģں׷
סҵľأһͷˮûл֨֨ļлֻӴΧǽϴ˹ֱ˵Ͽʼ˺ţ⾯ǹѪܵģĻȭͷƤⱻ˺ʹܣ໵ĲҺ
һͷĹˣûпĩҺĳţཱུӣ۾Ȼźɡ
˿棬ȴԸԳˣʲôҲ˲ˣ伸ΧǽǱ߾ĺȻĻҡ
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ÿ˭Ҹеŭ
Сӣ߲˵ģ߰ɡڴĵ˵
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㲻аǷɡڴҡҡͷĴָ±Ȼһ¡
Һܲһͷм췭ԽΧǽ׷ˡ
˭㡣ӲȴҲĶ֣һ˵꣬Ա·ǲûڴವĴܹסңһɨȣһͷԵˡ
һŤסҵĸ첲һһҵסˣͷڴժīЦЦ˵ҽҶҶ硣
ӣôԳˣܹźڴк
ҲҲǾ죿ǸӳҶʱôͷɥģŤţ֪Ϊķ
Գƶ˳ͷҼĵСӣͦ͵ģһȥɣΪˣߡ
˵ŰīϣڵˣЦʱ¶ݺܰס
ұŤ˹·ϣҿܶ˶Χָָۣ۷׷׵ģ֪ҳӷˣͻȻ
ҵĳȥһֳ±¼ʲôģҴСӻؾ˵Żӻ֣ҹȥ
ҿǰһžյĶ翨ʱҲ֪ЦǸÿޣģĶľأ
ôСӣĳӹɣ߰ɡ˵Űʻȥ֧̳ݸһ֧Ҫ
ܣӻ˼̣Ұһۣյ˵
Ǽˣ㲻ͦ͵𣿴ܶŹе˼˵ͷ˼ѣ˳ӣವһͿȥˡ
ֲ˵Ŵ죬һʱ侢ʿ
̣ʱʱɿ˷̣ǶƵĿ·Ͽţ̲סǿġ
вǲǣץҪˣ㣿Ҽϲ̵ӣǲˬ죬޲һƣֱסˡ
Сӣסûʵû£Ҳģץ˵ģģ˵ģӣûҪ֪·ġ粻ΪȻ˵
ѣңҪ̶꣬ᰤӵҺǰյ˵
ʼЦЦͷ˴⣬ͷӵѣˣ


234 ҿ
һӵ˵²û˵
һЦ¶׻ݣֱӽó˹
һ㶣ŵ꣬ʲô͵ǹ
£ûɣ˵Űǹݸңһеתŷ̡
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Ϊ㿪˸糵ëһû˵ţڴѾܵԶԶˡ
㻹ԶԶģƺ͸ҵ˼ƵģڨЦСӣˣȥĶûУ
㶣ҡͷٲȥˡ
ЦЦûˣӼӿٶȣǵľ
ҳߣܶ˸кȻңͷһ˾޴ĺĺƮţСʱѧУʱΣʱ룬ҳˣҪһΪľ죬塣
˿̣ҶЩʲôأ
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С
꣬ңǾû˵꣬һӡ
졣ҵ
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Ǿ㶣գգ۾ϣ
ȵģȥټأʺĶУҧ˵
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ӣСͺӲʵһѣҿøģҪȻСǾյ
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ҽӹˮһˣлˡ
л㲻ؽţʲôûмĸǼĶˣ˵˵ɣ㶼Щʲô顣˵ǰ£Ȥӡ
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ҰԳԾʵ˵Ѫûⲻܰɣͱüء
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˵Ҫǹ𣿲ðԭԭľң⻹нѧУò˵˵£ΪãҲ졣ĳ˵
ҵͷܿϣʼĩһ飬Ȼ˵žˣҿ𣿡
㶣ѱʷ£յСëأôҲҪȥ󣬵˱ʲôģ
ǾҪˣҵûǮиǮնɽʶ֪ͨ˵
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ǵ׸ʶɣ˵
ĬһʲôͷӵȻʶˣӻ֪ɽء
Ҳ֪ɽãһȻͻȻʮǰ£Ͻ簡ңɽõ귢ʲô
Ҹ죿ΪʲôҪ㣿һۣʾһ
Ҫɶʵ
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СӣһͲǽ̽ˣĵĶ԰ɣӻ࿴ţЦΧ˹


235 Ĳ
ɶҼӲĹϽˣһֱ
̽ôˣԹԵóԿࡣһģצĳ˹
̧žϣһ˹ȥǺ⧲æ˼ʱŭҲȵģһ֣Ū㡣
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ĿռСҸܣܿͱ˺üţҷĿȻһӣջǱŤסˡ
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˵ʱʱ죬˲ŲæһץһƣǺһͷ͵˵ϣˤ˸Ľųġ
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ͷžȥˣʱѾˣ߹˳ȣԼƮѩϻһƬס
ǩˣȻˡ˵ŵݸһ֧ʺһӡ
æǩ֣ɻ𣿡
ãû㲻˵˱㣬Ͻ߰ɣסԺܶŹˣ´ٱץˣûôˣһȶ춣
ллˣҼסˡͷʵ˭ҵģ
ȥ֪ˣֲʶȥɡ˵
һĪնɽ֪ˣԾˣǮ˾ǲһԭΪҪ׺ܾǰӵģû뵽˸һΡ
죬𣿡һ֣һһȻٻ


236 ˮ
ʦ㱣ҳģٻվѩƮѩ΢ķ˿ϣһϮȹü΢촽ҧǵĿҡ
ţ䲻ѽٻеʵ
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242 
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245 
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Сģҳˣ㡣һСԾæһ
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Һץסһֻ֣Ѹٵˮ棬ڵĴŴ
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Ǻˮô䣬ˣ˵׾٣Ȼڣҵ½ĽƤҲԽԽأڴܣڷΨһͷ֧ңǾǸŵ¶
ͻȻ̩̹˺ţĽ֡¶ЦҼǵ¶˵ҲŲ˿أҲǽܿˡ
¶Ϊʲôᣬ¶˵ǶǼٵģοҲûбɽѽҲûôĴޣҾɵӦûȥġ
¶ʱ˿̣ҺνأǱǸӵΣգΪˣΪǵ󣬻׷ȻѾı˦ˣңȴ֪ܹ֧Ŷá
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¶ѣѣܵˡҺ¶ȴһģҹɫ˫΢գʪܵͷϣѩƮĶͷһ˯ˣȻˡ
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246 
죬
ԺУһֻסˣð˺棬صƤп¶ӣҧ촽ѵҡ
סѽѽ¶ĺţµĸʼҡ
֣ҪȻǶҾ˵ѣͷҲľˡ
ҲҾͲɡ¶ܼᶨ˵
˵ǻһҲûˣѾû֪¶ֻץҵ󣬹ͳȥˡ
֪ȥڻ¶϶ˮӾҲ뿴ٴηҿ˿Զİߣһɽ壬ϣ½ء
þһŤ¶֣˸ϣ¶ƯЦˣ¶ҪúõĻȥ
̹ǵĺˮҵĿڱǺͶ䣬ҵʶıģˣУҲһþ
ˮһӿȣ˺˳ģԺҫš
һСŮˮͨСŮʼţĺţ㲻ҪߣȾҡ
СŮһСкԵЩң˼󣬺ԥˮǺƺһˮСкץסСŮ֣ȥںˮ﷭ţ˻ﱻš
СкץĺܽǾȻˮ桭
ˣҾǸСкСŮǶǰ¶
ԭҺ¶ʶЩңԶļ䣬ƵʱͻȻ֣һȴҲ˵
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ˣˡ¶ҧָģ˹ң΢΢
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磿磿סˣͻȻúܸӡ
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ʵҸղҲˣʱǲŶأɣ˵
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˲οЦԭֲεʱǺҪߡ
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ͻȻܸп˵氲ţԭǰҺ¶ϵһ
Сʱ򣬽𣿡ʵ
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Ҳ֪ʲôǻأǾоˡĬĬţǾֻжҰɽ
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247 
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¶Ŀת˿ͻȻץסҵĸ첲ָǶҵ˿
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Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˯ŵģҹȻڱѩص֮УҾõһҹΪ¶
첻֪ʱģԺ¶һһ
죬졭Ҷص¶ĺãȻĹˣŷǸľѾˣңһƬѩ¶Ѳ֪ȥ
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248 ɱ
ಡһһɱұϮұܵľ͵شһ˵ϵĻѩ
ͷһƳһ֧Աߵϣ졣
еˣһѸٵһŴأĶܣͻȻΧֻкĺХ
Сĳ̽ͷȥ뿴ֻһӣһֻһҸǰϣֻҵͷ֮ң
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ǸͻȻСľݣѵ˵Ҳ֪˻˵طΪʲôһ֪ûУ¶ֱ˭ץˣ
ĿĺڣԽԽͿԽԽżԴУұ취
ŴһѩţŲԶ˹ȥ
һӣֻֻɴܶѩײϡãһĶ֣ҴԷļֱǰٲȻ˵
ҲţĵĻ˴˼ѩţԶ˳ȥҵ֦ҡμ£ѩ䡣
಼͸ղһһ֧֧͸׼ȷޱȡ
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һӰɺһžǼֻҷ˹Ҿ͵һڣ˹ȥֽ֦쭷ɹȥֱǵӰ
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ҿܹȥȻ˽ӡ˳ŽӡѸٵ׷ϣһξ󣬽ӡͻȻʧˣܹ̤ѩ޺Ƶġ
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˵ʱʱ죬һǿӼǲҵͷƤȥģ鼱֮£һ˹ȥ˱߷ˣһͦſӾĿҡ
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ͻȻһ飬ǰĹ˳ûĿӣһŽ߷ڵˣȥ׷һҾ͵شŹǱıš
Ҳ֪˶ԶûʱŶ㵽һŴ棬ס˺
һͻȻˣȻǷ졣
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Ҳ֪˶ãŻʱ򣬷ǲû׷ܵĹġ
ͷܵĻƺûб߼ʣïܶԶұЩ伢һûҵ¶ԼǱɱǶ߶
ҴСɽܶɽСҪֵط棬ļڣҰûеģҰҲѾήΨд⡣
ҲѧٵĴԷֻڣԵûСȻı侲ұȻţȻ취ȥ¶߳Ѱ
뵽ҵ̸ҵİ취Ҽǵҵ˵ѩʱЩӻ߹⵻̲סȻûʱһСҵȥѩﲶԣʱҵǹͷڵѰҰĽӡ
ܹ׼ȷҵǵѣһǣۿǴܳȥҵŲæһһۣͻһУһֻҰ
أǻϲصȥ
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ڿһϸСĽӡﰵϲһȷʱȫҿʼ˳⴮ӡ׷Ѱһ֦ɨҵ㼣Ҳõ˳ŽӡҲҡ
ӦþǰĲˡҿǽӡһԿݲʧˣϽס˺ŵ˹ȥڽߵʱһɫҰವһ´˳
һֻܾӣһҶ˵ͺñЩ˶ңһľʧ롣
֪Լܲʯͷʱӳȥˣ鼸£ûУĿʧҵҰʱܰա
ȻҲ٣Ϊ֪Сܵź󣬻һξ룬һҪϢ
ٴθĽӡǰѰңȻ֦ҵ㼣֪˶ãҾϲķĽӡٴʧһӲһ˹ȥһͣСӲק˳˼£һҵĽУһʯͷȥ˼½žͲˡ
ವһմմϲʱһֻֻҵĸҹ˲ö룬ͷ˼ʯͷȥת֮С
ҹٴβ֪ĽˣұֻӣѾϣֵܣһбðΨкĴżлѩѹ֦O@ȴŵһ顣
Ƥë£ʹëѪ̻ŶĺȳһҰˣʼ˵һ¶ͿֻŵĻѩ֮ҹ
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249 â¶
Сһ˦֣һżͷʯͷֱȥ
һֻܾĹ⵴æӴţһҽУԵѩһܹȥץʯͷŽ˿ڴ
Ұʮ죬һ£Ѿǲ̫壬ЩûûҹʱҲõıʯٲȻΪ
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죬ǱţŹ˵ĺۼûǿһ
ҹͻȻҷϮһ겻ᡣ
Ѿϰŵӣұǿ׳ÿҰȴȻû취ҵ¶
һѩѾͣЪĹ⵱һҺѪ⣬ŶΧĶ
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һֻԳἸ³嵽֦ϣèɴ۾۲ǰ֡
ôһΣۿߵӱϣǰֵһƬԭҰֱ˸׷˻Ǽ˷ҽĴԽԽƵ
Ҿ̾ҵ־;ģҿԽԽ
ÿÿ¶Ҷеʹļףһͷޣï֣ܵһĽӲȥҲȴҲˡ
ķ΢΢˫ۣ˸O@ĽŲ룬ҲЩʱѾҰˣκ΢ҶⶼǱƵġ
ǽҹһҪץסеһˣҪڵ״ʸס
ĺɫһӰĿߵĺСģҵѾӦĹߣҿķһŹƴΣƺѰҡ
ʱʯವĵ˳ȥ˶һϣһ졣
˵ķӦܼʱҶѸٵܹȥŷϵˣһͷеһʯ׼ȷĵ䵽ϣͷѩ
ܣҵĽŲüӰߴ˹ƺ׼˵ĶѴߣȻϵֱ֦
ǺܾˣɣҲŲæ˵ţվʮԶĵطֻҪǼֻ뷢һɡ
ǹȻ˹Ҿͷſ
Ȼһ룬һˣôҵٶͳԽǵҲǵǸʧꡣ
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ҾͶһ棬ҧ١
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ӣҪǿɡժߣ¶˱Ŀ
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250 
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ҵĵطҵ˵ЦЦǰ·
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251 
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ţţҵĵطҵܳţʾЩ˵ǰɡ
ǣţժߣñӣ¶һӢˬһ̷ӡ
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Ⱥɢˣտ˿ң㶣Ŀͣҵϣɫһ䣬ͻȻȥǾηĺְ֡


252 ô
ôܣһʱ仺ΪԼˡ
ս㣬զ°ҺԻĿա
ҵ΢΢һЦֵɵѾͷ˵
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С죬㻹Ҵ򡣡պʱŭģ־Ҫȥޡ
һԾһ˹ȥֱŤסĸ첲һסˡ
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ս㣬ҷſ㲻˵Ÿһ֣ವһ¾ͰҲӸ§סˣҾһϥǶ˹
˵ʱʱ죬ֱӰСȸ§סˣͬʱסСץסֱۣĽҵˡ
㣬ſͻȻˣɴ۾ңҵŤȴѲá
ҺٺһЦս㣬㲻Ҿͷſ
㻹첻ôǿ˭ģǲܻ˵
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ҺͬʱڵˣҲ֪ôģһ


253 Ȫ
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Ӱٻѡѽȥʱ򣬾вٺѡˣÿ궼бģֻǰȴһֱڰٻݣȻȥ飬Ȼҹ˿ˡ˵⻰ʱԵЩίѵõİ
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256 ͻ
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257 Ůס
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ˣˣһءҼֱͷˣͺһ˦ǡ
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ס֣ǻҪҪڴʱһϤͬݺȣճ
һͷһ¶ԲС죬һֲһָ⼸Ůڡ


258 
¶ٴο¶ҶʱĻŭţյ˼һͻȻǳˮһӿȣˣĽοɰһ
ûУҽǷſ¶ͦͦ壬һ۾
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261 
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262 ŮЧӦ
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ȻǺþˣⶼˣƿǸʲôƼġСЦеġ
ǵɫˣǣţ⣬ռʵȱĵҪһѽʵ˼ҾöȽϺóءݺݺͶЦҲܿɰһȰ˲ܾ̾
ȫҪˡСǺˬ˵
˵һǽûʱ䣬Ѿˣ滹вڿֵģŶӵȺ򣬵ȻΪ档
п˵û뵽ʲôʱķݣԸܣһɫŮѽҼ۸񻹺ܱˣԺҪ
ٻڳæµţЩüЦģͷڰæ˵죬û뵽㻹а취þûйĺˡ
˵ѽʦæˣ㸺ղˣвˡҼٻˣҲϣ
ٻ㺹ģУշ죬ЦⰻȻҺܾûмˡ
˻˻Щ۾ˣ۵һġ
ѽ۾˰ɣࡣٻͷһæëպˮϴ۾ʱʱĳҵ۾
ϵζʮˣҺĽӽǰԸ촽΢΢ţ֪ôģͻȻЩ¶
ʱٻĹ죬պˣһżһֱӳҵ˹ƫеģҵϡ
ڴæУһ§סСֻϷеԣƳһƣȻٻĿϣҶʱġ
ٻأ糺죬ʱ۾һʱ侪ʧˡ


263 ˵
ѽ˺ˡٻһæѳȥԵæҵġ
εЦЦƺ¶ȣһʱеԳ
ȿȣʦ֣ӲޡӨӨվſڣߵЦ
ѽû׼ôءٻģˮﷺҧ촽һۡ
ʦ𼱣ȥ취˵ͷȥʯͷϽȥʲôġ
Բۣ磬ңæءʯͷʰӣһһ߳͵ģ۾ȴŮ֮俴ȥģ񲻹á
æ԰֪ԣȥ˵Ҫȥ
ʯͷæܹٺЦ죬Ͼȥϡ
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ӨӨЩŮʱС콿ЦҲҡͷЦա
һͷٻҧ촽üЦڿЩΪŤͷȥˡ
죬ݵĺãǴϦæƳϣһֱҹ˾ŵĹ⾰½½ɢǶԵĺģ
п˵컹ҪԺҪﲻãҲ൱á
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⣬಻ãûǰæתˡٻɬЦ
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ҹæµõǾһ𣬺ȵǲɿ
Ϊʤٻһ𣬿սõļϣһЦ
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ٷԵĺ֣һֱѧУϰԶɢ˻ȥ
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ٻҶˮЩȣϸô˼ء
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ٻ㶣գգˮӣͷϷһµɵϣʦȻ˵ѽҲҵ
ǣҲ֪ôˡͻȻ֪αеźҶٻĲ֪÷ʲôλá
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ţ죬㡭ٻշźΣüۼӹɬ
ʦЩڴ
ٻԥһ£΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ܳȥӵסķ˿һʱԳԺͳ̲סһ


264 ̰
죿ǡٻͻȻЩΪ飬Ϣ˵ݡ
ҳе鲻Խˣٻ񫣬Գ֡
죬ȥѧУɣٻƿң§ĸЩͼ޸ƵģҺ˾ƣЩ嶯ˡ
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ٻʱסˣۣŵĿңæȥңȴ̰Ĵһ̰ҵᣬһҶ˵
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ȥסһҪĺӣ⣬ͺӣ˭ǵϢ


265 ƯƯ
бӣҪȻ֪𰸡ǺҧгݺǾǿ
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֨ѽһſˣ¶գŴ۾ԾĿңŵıģЩ޴ĺС㣬
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¶һ죬Ǹո
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ҽԺҲˣҰְְҿĸˣĶҲȥˣʲôҪĺܡ¶Թ
ְ֪ˣⶼΪãϾռ̫࣬ˣкܶ˵㣬Ϊ˱㡣Ȱ˵һķ㷢
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ЩԾӣͷסĺ촽ҲӵĸЩ


272 
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¶ѹֵ§ҵĲ΢΢۾Ե
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ܵش¶æţҡҡͷҲһգ۵ĹѾȲ̽ȥ
ҳôһĽӴһŮҲ¶һӽңĳǾʧ룬ɴ۾̱ҵ
û취һ̵ֻ¶ٵĺܹԼ˼ޣѪҺڷʣ¶һֻǶš
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¶ǲý֪ҽӦòΣյģΪ¶ģͷնɽǰ𾴵ģڣ뵽ǼϸͺܿǼӺ֡
նɽһߵ¶ķſڣ¶ڱպ󣬲ʵôû˯ôô죿
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С𣿶ǹ߻ģҽԺ㿴ˣҲҲô̫ˣҲòϼӹ̡ܽնɽŭ
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նɽʱһ㶣ɫúܸӣɻ˵ʲô
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¶ֱӵĽᣬ򲻿ֻԽԽ𣿡Ȱ
նɽ̾ϢһЩյҲ̸ԭǳȥ̫嶯飬֪ھΣգϣԺҪ¶ٹ飬ȥôˣЩ²ô򵥵ġ
ޣǾ˰ɣʵ
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ҵͷĬһðɣȻ룬Ҳ޻˵ģҲǲµĺӣ֪¶ȫҪԣҴӦ㲻ٺ֣Ҳϣ¶΢Ĺĵ㡣
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նɽɫʱҿ˿ľԺҶȰȰ¶ɡ
һնɽԹȥŴ⣬ƺǷ꣬룬նɽıɽãԺô㣬ô¶
Ϊеգ¥ȥ¶ŷ̽ͷֵ죬
ҽȥʵôˣˣ˯ɡ
Ұְָ˵ʲôѽǲǹˣҪˣԺǲ¶ŭ
ҸЦһӹһ˿ůͷõɵϣôأô˵δŮ
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ȻһҪҵ¶ᶨͻȻʲô˵⼸һֱڴЩ绰ûκνչô鵽ʲô𣿡
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ҽӹһһѣǸİĺ룬һѵǶԸˣ
æ˵ι˭
㣿죿洫һϤ
Ҷʱһ㶣Ծʦô㣿


273 ůζ
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ٻȵԭأֲáޣˡ
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Ϊʲôѽٻ
֮˵ͺã𣿡Խľǣ㣬ƺкܶţôˡ
ţҴӦ㡣ٻͷ˿⣬ʱ˵пŻأҪȻϢһɣɫá
ллʦͺãȥ˯ɣһҽ㡣˵
ٻЦЦȥˣɳϱĿȴһ˯ⶼûУ˼൱Ļҡ
ŲеϱůۿٻűӸҵϣϸˣºõ͵ģҪȻȥůһ
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ҵȷе䣬һҹδߣеƣ룬ȥٻı滹¶ȣĵͻȻϣСݵĸ¥ϣ´ĳһʱе
Ժֳ︡һΣȻҿٻڸҴӣһշ죬ƹӳߣЩ
ͻȻ嶯Ľסˣ§˹ȥסԸеĺ촽


274 ܿɹ
ѽٻʧģŤһ£ЩܣƿңźС죬ּġ
Һɺ̣ݼٻЩԳ֣ǼٻΣЦʦҾ㣬Ҫţûġ
죬㣬ԽԽˣôѽ㣿ٻҧǣü΢Եóˡ
ʦ̫ˣҴˡҲãԴҺٻһκһЩ޷԰Σ̰ܻʧȥǡ
ԺҪȻʦޡٻԹţĿԵγˮǷĿڴĲǷǡ
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ٻ죬ߵĿһۣȻ󵽳ȥˡЦţǰҲҶٻκηǷ֮룬ƺջԭ֮Ѿ֪زˣҸеҸů
ŵ˳ﴫζĴӱѾˣٻһԹͣθںܺã̰ĳţһҶٻ̰
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ʱ룬ԭɵŮˣȴΪ¶һ˵£ܿɹ
С죬һˣм£ٶȣʱյĵ绰˹


275 ޷
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ģ˭ѽϳڸˣģ˦˾յ˵ţʹ಼̣¾ͻι˼һʮ·ڣһβһ·ﳤȥƺ·
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ಡһ˾˵꣬һѿӳ˹ȥŵһӵ˵ϡ
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Ͻ㣬湻ʱġѸٺձűĶܡ
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Ǿ㱾£ǣۣ˵ɣ˭ǣ޲һӣϹס
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үģеĴˣôˡշ߷߲ƽ˵ţɴ۾ǰսޡ
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мһŴ򿪣һͲѥӣȻһźɫ£ĿˣԲñӣһȣڼδ󺺵Ļ£ĳ߹
ҶһȻǺ硣
ͻȻ̵ĳߣͷѥ̤ڵϣ졣
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ץлҪ˵绰ĹҺָָȻ˫Źϣģڱصá
һȺӴӳϷ׷׳֮ǰ˵ģʮڵĳ˹


276 ʮط
С죬ߣסǡŭһޣһקصˤ˵ϣҵĸǰ
һӶֱۿһӣۿΧҺҪһߣ¸ѡ
ҵûղܲˣǰȥҪӲƴȴ˻
̫ˣȻҺҲþɳҲȻذΧıƵ˽䣬·ˡ
ɣӣҲΪǡ糯ǲ߹߻ţӶǲмһˡ
ߵǰӻ֣һȺҲͻȻֻͣΧǣ֡
үģϼպʾһֳ鷭һӣ׼
æסҡҡͷʾҪηĿ
Ƚʶ࣬ңõĶ𣿡ЦһµĴҡ
ǲǹƨ£ϼһҾ㣬б¼򡣡պܲϵѪһ˫۷ɱ
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ۿһȺӴæǲҳˣǾͲ֣ߣ
ڸ̸ûκʸ񡣡ŭţ׼´
õĶӣһֵ֪ܣ㵽״ʲôĿģѿ˵
ͷ鵭ĮܺãȻԽԽˣϴ㣬ϳˡ
Ѿϳ˰ɣǳҵİɣʵ
ܴҽץߣһЩ顣˵
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ңšСѹ˵
֨ѽˣСǽȥſһæŸˡ
ҵĶҽ
档СָָӵﲻȫܿҪ¶ˣϽߡ
ӵͷҴææĳȥˡ
ӣǶˣʱҵɫǺܺá
ˣ̷ֲԾȥʵ
£û𣿡ҵʵ
⵽ô£˵
ٸǰɣȽȥ˵ҵ˵ŰŹˣȻСʹ˸ɫ
Сȥһ䣬洫һ˵ƺҹȥһ˱ţҲסˣСȥƣʵ㵽˵˵
ĵɴ۾һ޵ӡ
˭ҵɻ


290 ΧȦ
ǲ͸¶㣬ͺӲСյ
ΪץҺͽˣҵ˵߹ȥѷŸˡ
Сʲôݣ𣿡
ĿǰɸɽõйأòײץġС˵
Ҳ˵Ҳ֪˭ˣ˵
ǰҵõϢпɵ˳û֪ͨǰ飬նס˼ˣеһ˺ôץģԭҴڹǱû뵽Ǵȥˣֻñ¶ݡС͵
Щգ˵̫ðʧˣòײǱȥİɣ
Թǣԭʹ뿪ģҴ˷οҲûмǱȥıҪСͷɬЦ
Ϊɶ˵Ҳ
ϼŵĹϽΧЩɵԽĻɣնɽıԳ鱨й¶϶ỳԵףҺܿͻᱻɣ㳷룬ܹסһΪ¡Сһ
ҰԾƺ׽͸ˣնɽʲôܣ˼ţſˣҵ߳ҡҡͷǲ˵
ȥԿ˵ŽȥժĲʵңʲôˣʲôĿģ
Ե쳣侲ΪȻСӣǲ֪Ը˭һȺûδˣҪͼϵõκϢ
㲻ŭ
ʲôΪ˺ͼҵɱҰɡں˵
ðɣҾͳȫ㡣˵һѵӣҪңȻ۾գ¡
ӣ˷ʱˣǶǾϸѵģǱһ飬ɱҲ˵ġҵ̾ϢһЩΡ
˭֪ͻȻЦ˵Щ֪νˣѾͷˣȴ޲̫Цˡ
һƣŭʲô˼
˸˵ʲôɫͻȻʹŻ鴤ʼŤ
ҺܳԾﷺɱĶǣͻȻúﲻԾ
ãҿ쳷ҵͻȻɫһ䣬ֱӽ˳ȥŹţ洫һ죬ʲôըƵģһ󽹺ζ
ǽըһǶܼʱҪըˡ
үģզˣϵĻңҶû£ȥƿ˱ըٵţֻһƬǽ壬ǸˣѾҷˡ
ҵһοը˺޲ֻҺܲףôģըĶأ
ˣҸϽߡҵͻȻһֵǵӦõˣըǲģңصģû뵽ҲС
һ˶ܳԾ׼Ժȥͼܳ˺öˣ̰Χ˸ˮйͨһͷģһ棬ɭߺ͸ɨǣ漴һӣһȺһϣ˽
¹ˣôǣͻȻǸѩ֮ҹҺСǸлȥ;Уǻˣû뵽ˡ
ǿߣסСǴӺߡҵ˵ţӭͷȥ˫ವ˼£ӴźХɹȥˣͺӵһ㣬ֱӶ˼˵š
Һһ˳ҵվſڿȻһһƵУǰ̵ĵ£ٴ˹
Ǹߵţȴصһ߿ˣһΧ
ߣڻС˻һϳѷذףȺͻʮֵ
ѸٳӲıһˣ˵죬ӨӨͽ뿪סǡ
û룬һһշΧǽȴ滹вٵĺˣæ˻ԭѾΧˣǵӣǲưոˡ
Щֶʮ˵ãҵڶθǴ򽻵ˣ˿ǸҲˣٶȼ죬һͳ嵽ҵǰ˫ȭȥ
ҵһ˷׷׺˼ҷҵؿڣЩܣ֪ҵˣ˲࣬ڹٶȳȥʱһܹȥһϡ
һײҲ֪˵ֻû飬ѽŸŤˣҲ˺󼸲ӺЩȣͷЦһһ͵ҵͷһȣľ硣
˫ȭһһûվȣ;ֱʹǿһҧʹײȥǹӲıҸײˣ˸ͷ˵ϡ
Ҫڣɱǡŭˣ˺˼´
˳ˣ˽ıΧסˣΧȦԽԽС
ѱϣС졣ҵ䣬һѵӷɱȥ鷢һȺ˺˵һء
ź¡һ죬ǰһ̣ӰˣζرĴ̱ţڻУҵסҺգСŽӨӨǴſɱ˳ȥ
Щ¹˶ЩֲҴģǳǲΧܵһ
ҴڵĴŴͷҵϲ֪ʲôʱ˼Ѫӣţǿš
û°ɣҺܽʵ
Сߣס㡣ҵߴٵ
Һһ𡣡ȭͷ˵
ҲһҪһҪһүģƴˡһޣŭ
ûʱ䆪ˣǻиҪС㡣ҵ˵ƿҺգ嵽ӿڡ
һͷһ˴żʮ˳ˣڸСһսǵʱͻȻͣתȺ˳ȥ


291 ôԻ
ʲôϽߣҵ˿ڣ˼һѪЩվȡ
̷ҵĶŹˣ˺Ըǡ
ǿߡҵǾȵ˵
һɱǡ˵һŤǰһ˵ĸ첲šϣεŤˣҶĿӣһ£̱ҵĸǰ
ҵҵǰƾĺ紵ѩһ°Ķɱڡ
ǣһϰɡ˫ſӣﷺһѪҺȣһµĻȥѪϵѩȾ죬ֱѩǡ
ҽ˿˺ѵ죬ſ𣬴˿Ҳңһɱ˵ĻһͷѪҰޣҰһ
һδεĳ嵽ӿڣһδε˻ȥҿľ֮ɫǶη塣
ÿһȺĺһ˶׷ÿ
һ׶̣乳ڷѩ֮ź⡣
ǣҵǽڣȵĺ
㶣ҵıƺϵ˵
ץǸˡҵ˿ڣԵúܷ
һҿҵ˲䱬ĶǰĹˣŭҪɱ㡣
ƾ㣿˻䣬ವһ׶̴˳ֱʺ
һӵ赲ѵУĽ׶֮һһӽҵĿӿסһɣӦء
һ绮׶̹ٶȳб̶ۿҶܲǰӰһΣҵȻӲҵסˣӴĶϻƣѪ
ĿҵȥҼۣҵǽϿš
Ҫɱǣ𰡡ȫѪҺȼ˫Ѫ졣
ֱۣ¡ҵЩ
бҪ𣿡˵ջ׶ôĲһ
ҧȭͷ˹ȥ
㶣е׶ֱɱһֱһӲקסˣƾ׶̿Ѫ䲻ֹ
ʹקţ֣˹ȥһһӣһĹѾǰ첲⣬һ󷢳һ죬ɿӣûܣһ£ƺһͷԵȥ
Ա߼һϣҸ첲ϻ׶̣ʹȻľҶһѿӣ䣬˺üˣǹ˶ȥ
Щʧˣһ£ϵĹ߱һѪӴĶͷֱ°ͣҺһȥŭ죬Ū
һȺٴ͹ӴʱصľԶȺɧ
˼ѪģĳǵһۣתЩæˡ
ſӣɢȥԽԽҧӸ첲ϰǸ׶̣ĵʹ̲סðҹ˲ۣϽȥҵ
ȥһ첻׷ģǾӰˡ˼Ӻҵָһƾɵβ¥
ҵͷҵȥɫԽĲ԰ףæ˿ϣŵסҪȻȥҽԺ
û£·Ͽ϶پڣ·ڵȻҪ·ϣô£Ҫϡҵ˵ſǽڴŴֲڿڴ
Ѫɵġҽŵ
ʲôҵ˵ѾͳһСƿƣһСϴӡ
ҷߣҵ˵ҷ֡
һóһߵô׼
ڽƮĶвΪԷһҵɬЦţҧƿƹһھƣֵ㶯ְɡ
ŵ㡣Ҳ֪ôеҵѪܵĿӣĿģһ̽Ƥ⣬ʼߡ
ҵֻ΢΢üͷ˻һȻô˿ڣһ˵һЩҪȻ©Ѫġ
ҵʱһᣬͻȻСʱҵҷ·ЬӣҾȻ˿ڡ
ˣûˣҪҵ˵·˿ڲҵĸ첲ϡ
۵ģȭͷѪҲˡ
ţɣѪֹסҵңȻþƸСĵһ˵ⷽʵܹãӺͶɽаǽɽõʱ򣬴СС˲֪ܹٴΣһӳӶˣûֻҪֹסѪû¡
ҵǰ£մѪüۼɣͷҲ˲٣ʱĺĴҵзۣЦЩ
һ̣ͻȻôһôԻͣôţȣ治ڽǽȻĴ˵
ղ˵˾ǵҺ𣿡β¥˼ľͷ˵ƣȼˡ
ҵǻ˸أǵģǸӦþеһӣϵʱȺõĶѲɽֿԶǵָ˵ãȥʱʢȻܱȫˣʹˣղˣʵЩ
Щʲô·ʲôĿģʶ𣿻˵ɽõļϸˣǲǸЩ˻๴᣿ɻ
ܣ귢ޱһֱڰе飬ٹ죬Բ׽ǰץһҲԱǵȷѶԸһɣɽõ£ǼϸӦϣȲңȻ󰤸ơҵüͷǿա
ô˵һֱڰһ֯ˣսթֶΣԸɽãҪǳưԣƲ
ԸɽãںҲйشҿǵĿĻԶԶֹЩ±ĻҪ¡ҵǵ
ˣǸ㣬סԺˣڻԲѡնɽ飬򵥵˵һ顣
ҵúܸӣ˵û뵽ô鷳Ҫʲôжˣҵûȥһ£Էһ
š˵Źȥҵ
ˣȥѾͷԺС£ҵûȥһʱ䣬ӳ飬ڶˣҪѼһҪʲôıƣЩ˵·ʮΣգѧУűܣʱǰȫġҵһ
ǳȥʱѾˣѩ˽ӡҸմ˵绰֪ǶȻԻȥˣͷ˲١
ҵֿҿ쵽ѧУʱ򣬷·Χ˺ܶ۷׷׵ģʶһѧУԶʯɽϣŨ̹졣
ŻˣﰵⲻϹסĺѵ
ҹ˲ö룬Ⱦͳɽ˹ȥ


292 Щ飬ɼ
ಡһҸյɽһѿӴ߷˹ȥҶһ
ֻѾһƬ֮Уŭǣʮӻ迳׷ɱǼС
СеףһҪæŶԸЩˣһҪȻ𣬸ǹ˼ܡ
һ۾ϳЩӥˣʱŭգ첽ȥЩӶһ
ǿȥȻｻҡҳСǺһһȷһӣһѿӾɱ
ĸȣСӣŻ䣬ӥ¶ң۳˹ſӺҾ
˵֪㲻ģͷ㡣ҧһ¾ͰѸ۸߷ˣڵϴ˼ˡ
Ҵ򣬴ǡ˵žͶȺ档
ҿһӣͷмڳͣѩХУƣԽȼȥò˶ãͻữΪҽ
ǼСлŻŵȥˮ𣬿ü
ǷɣСӡۺǵ⡣
ҲļٵģǴǱסˡ
һŭ֮£弸Скѻ𰡣ǣ㡣
СҲǺŭ˿ɵĺŹͳˣǵ£ǴӥЩĶӡ
ȰȷŹǣߣסˡ˵һ֣һȺӴҴææܡ
ءһ죬ֻѩһ䲻ð˳ֻ˸۵ϣ˼ͷһͷ˵ڵϣ˸ʺ
˵ʱʱ죬ֻһ޴ӰǹյĻ磬Ҳһգ۹ֻҷ˺üӡ
Ҵ򡭡ʯͷһ˹˫ڹطתɷӣһӣ˷۵Բۣӣַӣǡ
尡ǡһߺõֵ˺üʮĩĴ£Χ˹
ӥһȺӶʱˣףʼǱӴܡľߡ
ӣ޳ܵ󱲣ϵǻн죬סǡĩһŭ𣬺ӺǴżವĹȥΧס˸ۡ
۶ʱֽţææҪȥҳ׼һᣬһһߵ˼ͷȥÿӼĲϣսսһţҶˡ
ãϽȥȻ𡣡˵пӷתݺݵĿ˸۵Կϣ˷ĸ۾ιȥˡ
乧ʯͷֵǵİ£ǽӥļӴ仨ˮӵ˵ˣⳡ
Ҳ˶Ǽʮְ˽ŵĹȥȻҲһ̵Ĺһ˼Ͱˮȥǿ˻ơ
ԭǺܴ󣬺ܿͱˣֻѾյĿȫˣǱסһЩ豸ȵļʱ
ĸȣӥֱ̫ˣȻŻ𣬺աһºͳԹյģһƻҵˡ
ôˣôʱҼҲˣҲˣ˿
һЦŴָָĩҪǵľʦˡ
ҿĩȻŸҡѽҡģɽ£ڵȴʲô
װѱȣ㻰ءҹȥĴһơ
ĩװģ˵ղʵģӥЮҺʯͷϹЩдȣӥƱػỳģǰǱȻģϵܳ£ɺţԲʱ
Բۣ㣬ڴţȡʯͷĩ˷ۣȥѸ˼ƣûʲôһɣֵڵſˣʯͷͷգǲǣˣ
ллǵİǸղϵʦϻġһСйҾ
ؿˣϹǲæǻġ˵Źȥ˿ۣץһѩ˼ӡ
üͷͷͷתĿ˿ǣŵһҪܣһɨȰ߷ˣȥס˵ܣյĽˡ
ǣô۾ʧ˵
ôϹôڻˡĩ䲻˵һ䣬ҡӣЦеŲԶ
ƳһƣֻϹֱľ͵ǰ
Ƕû°ɣϹǽŵĿżСУ˽ԭίתƣһ˵̫лˣΪ
㴦һ˵ɡĩû˵ָָۡ
Ϲ߹ȥĿ⾼ɨವһɱֱ˸ۡ
۾һŵĻԿɪ
Ϲеɨǰദͣϵѩһ㡣
㣬˴ȱΪ⣬ӣȥɡϹ䣬һ̧ţصһ˷˳ȥˤڵϴŹĴɽϹȥˣֻҺ˷ġ
ãĺãϹȻܣˮ³ϲɺذĩ۾һ˿⣬µĴϹ
һϲȥϹ鵭Į˸ơ
СиϽȥݲ裬պԵøӵƾˣпڷꡣ
ǵĶ飬ϹģԺʲôҪæģ岻ݴǡϹܿ˵
ҸҪ˵ĩæȻ˵ˣڻһҪæģо仰ˮ֮ӦӿȪ౨֪θ룿
ϹĬһ˵˼ǣ
ӥұشɽӥȻˣȻļʱѱ´ǻ˷ʤԲǣһԸӥ֪Σĩдʵ
⡭Ϲ¶ɫ˿Сǣ˼
ҼϹƺЩݣǰĩ£ϹЭƽӥ˲ʤ㣬սȻǡ
㵽ԥʲôأѺ뷨˵ɣҲǹͬѹһϣϣ㿼ǡȰ
ԲۣϹ㣬㻹ԥѣҪģ˵ʵӺܣ㡣ʯͷ˵ԱСеĹͷٺٵЦ
ǣҪǼãҾͳ˧ͷ˵
ҰһۣϹ㿴ǿɶǺгģҪƴǣɾǵˡ
ʵҵȷЩɼġϹʼ渵


293 ѵûо
ԭʵҲʲô°ɡϹ˵꣬Ǹֿˣȴϸ緢֮һֱΪ˵͵븧ЩСС
ǵİ֮СǶ޿Ĺ¶Ϲ˵ҲǸ¶СʱһϺ׼ҵӣʮĹһж顣
ΪЩСУû̫ʱȥѧϰƽʱʱ䣬ȥ׬Ǯˡ
Ϲ˵ǺܶطְֻΪ˸СҿڷԣϰֻΪǿ壬ԼʺһֱԸá
ϹԭΪֻ棬񾭹Щ£ŶʲôƱۣõּ˲ҲˣϹһȺˡʱ䣬Ҳ
ε飬ϹΪм
죬Ϲ˵˲ٵĻҲ͸¶ĲµģЩСеδ
˽⵽ϹͲֻ࣬òһЩ룬ϹǸˣҺʵ£Ƿνơ
Ҳʲô𣬵ʵϹľ򶯣˵ãʵǲɶõ˲š
ð죬ʵϴοЩСУѾµĹǣֻҪԸãСǲԺȣȥ飬ǹͬԸӥΪ´úɽĩһȰ
Ϲ΢ЦЦȻг⣬ƴǣԵýˣĳǺܽˣԸã׷졣
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ϹĿ⾼񣬿ЩСУԳȰͻϲ
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ϹɨȥҲǼغϵ飬ʯͷемˡ
գ㵱ţȣѹô㣬٣ʯͷ
Ǻϻｫһһ°æ½æ˼죬Ǹͷ棬ȻһˣСǺǸˣϹҲЦˡ
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ǻҪĩɷнµ˵Ȼҡ
ĩ˼ӥһ£㣬úӥ̫õìܣѾȻһɽݶ뷢վȸһǸɵӥ
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죬еҪȥٻȡΧȹ΢Цſңȥ¥һˣһƯĶȹ񻹾ĴԵøˡ
ȻܺãõǵİæаٻݵСŮˣҲŲڵĹʢÿ춼
ٻҲüЦģҵĸм֮ԱҪ顣
ʦҪţ𣿡Һ
ţеġٻЦһ֪ôЩ΢죬ʱ绰
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֪㣬Ҳæءٻ˵䣬ѾˣЦӯӯӭӳȥ
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ȥĶأʵ
²£Ǻ顣Ū˵
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еƣʵʲôѽ¡
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һ绰ҽӹǺӵģʵӣ£ȥɹ𣿡
ǰ磬ҿ˭ˣӹص˵
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㶣˵գ㿴ٻõŸҴ绰ղȥˣɣȫ𣿡
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ƨ㲻ǿ˰ɣǸһȥģôͱеˣƵ
ƭ㼸ѣеĻٻͻˣ㲻ŹƣڳֵǸ㿧ݣԲۣȻиԱС٣յģĹģò̸ɣ磬缸ɶ֪ٻĸǸɶûӦЩ˵
һʱЩ𾪣ͻȻպ˵龰ٻȥԼᰡղŰ˵Ļ˵ٻĺ£Ҹеġ
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磬ѵûһ㣬ιûȺ˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰һˣͻȻͲ
ҳȥһ£µ绰Ҹ乧ǴкͷҲصĳǼҿݿ챼ȥ


294 һǧ
ӭ٣Ҫʲô߽Ǽҽд㿧ݵĵطſڵķԱǺܵ顣
һȡ˵žͿʼѰٻܿҿڲԶһǰţǰȻһˣ˵Цģκͺݵһģһ
ٻ߷һһڱС١ٻ΢죬ʱӦһ䣬ʱ΢΢һЦͷһڿȡ
ϸǸˣǴװģĺܾ£ʱʱѹĵĸٻ˵ʲôȻٻ̲סЦһЦٲȻһڶĥ
ҹǸӱٻңûз֡
ǵӣҪʲôһԱʵ
û˵ָһȣû÷ԱſȹˣϸĿȺˣС̡
ҵͷĶǸˣ٩٩̸㣬û뵽棬˱ƬʵĿӦöһˡ
ĶУô˵Ҷ˼ˡٻݸһЦ΢죬Եóˡ
ģҶǳˣûʲô˼ģȻôͶԵòãרΪİ׼䣬Ҫ͸㣬Ըҵ𣿡˵Ŵһĺӣʱⱦ⡣
Ҳע⵽ʯĹâһŴĴָһʯʮüԣ˵Ĺ
ٻ΢΢һ㶣ü΢̫ðɣǲŵһμأҲܽҶӡ㲻ҾǻӦû˽һźãأ
ҿʦûɣҲӡ󲻴ȫǸǮԵıԵװģģ˵漸Ѷģٻ˵Ķԣ뿪
ҵʱô룬֪ô˾;òˡ
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ллĺˣҲܽܣǻ±ĻɣӦû˽һ²𣿡ٻԾܾҿΧмŮﶼڷ⣬ǿŴʯ
Գʱ¶ã˶˵֪ˣǾ̫С˶ԲҾ֪߹Ůˣֻʯ㣬Ȼ㲻ϲҾˡ
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295 
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΢һ룬ɰԳԾˣȻ


296 һְ
磬С˵㿴ԵĻҵŮءʱһֵģһһָҺٻŭġ
һͷղԭѾǣҿӣģġ
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磬ʶǣʱ
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նɽüͷƬ̣һҾһܶ¶ˣҲǸøף¶ҺΣҾôȥˣ¶治֪ô죬̫̫ĵľٷʲô⣬һҪҺúչ
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˵ûǺܶĸӣܹƵģ¶СףϣܹһգʵҲϣǽһ죬ֻ޳ٷʲô⣬ϣܹӦңã𣿡նɽĳ˵
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ɵѾͷֻ˵˵ѣ㲻ؽšնɽüۼӹһ˿ӵ
ҵʱͺԻܾãնɽʲôš


298 Դ
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ܣͳͳҪծɱɱҧгݣ˫Ѫ죬ſӾҴ
Ⱥڻǻ˫ϰٺˣٴչ˿ҵɱһʱҽ˷ͣ˵Ѫ֮С
¶ҡڻ֮Уҿնɽһ߷һӣһѿӣߴˣһֱ˵ҽԺĺԺ
ܣ緢һ׷˹һȳһգŰ󼸸Ӵӵһ׷˹
˵˱ѩ޿ˣƵǽǴ
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ԭˣӵסʱ򣬸ոձס˿˺ѿŻĽĿٴλҵĸ첲
ҧûҲһѪһǺȻһȫû֪񱩵һ˹
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˿̣¶§նɽɪڽֲ۾ȴ͸ų޺ͷŭ
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ס֣Ҳ𰡣ĳȥЩģȴüĿźĿȥնɽߡ
һһʱ䲻֪롣
ˡһ죬ǧһʱ̣дһХһ˿ϣһǡ
һпЩ䣬նɽͷ˹ȥûһӰٴΧǽ˹һŽ߿ˡ
ס֣̫嶯ˡһϤ
Ҷһҵվ°ĶϬĶź硣


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ֱִԲ򡣡ҵվڷѩ֮УüۼӹʧԵúŭ
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е˼øĵָ񹦻ôҵҪΣЦţȭͷٴθȥ
صһҵշһţһ˼һһͷԵ˵ϡ
ƺһҪҵһӷɵУץסһ˺Ĳϣŭ˰ڲҵĶ֡
㶣ø׺ݣŭΪһ𣿡
ֵ˱ڶطϥ̸ȴҪǺοࣿҵɫĬЩա
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նɽҡҡͷʾң˵أ죬ʱ˽ǳԹˡ
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һһ֧ܹ˺ĸ첲ϣ緢Ƶŭţǰͳ塣
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ɣɣЩҪɱǡְϵӵϳһѿӣЩ˾ʹܹȥ
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ҽĽ󣬼ѵĻſӶԸĹˡ
ԽԽ࣬ӵƻҺҵС
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룬˿̴ҶףԭⱳһֱһǣЩˣѾҵˣһڽϣڶǵϽһΣ˸࣬һ׼ƵģҪȵҵնɽкϺɱ䡣
˿̵ĺ磬Ҳƺֻ࣬Ѿˣǰܻϵ˰Խԡ
磬ø磬߰ǲǵĶ֡նɽſҵϣһͻȻһ𣬱һû˶
ɽסҵæһסնɽһֿ񿳣ǰѾһƬˣǻڳֹ
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һӵһˣǰܵһ𣬺ǰΧˣг˷ŭͲʣѵ
Ϊ¶Ϊҳ࣬Ҿ˻һ¶Χǽͳȥ
ѩ˽ӣȼյһУɱ˷


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304 ˷ۼ
ϰ壬ߣӴгʱһˣ˿һϢӣշˡ
˲δһڣжô㣬һһ·裬ҷ˺üˣһбϮ˺Ժ
Сġһߵһˣ£ȥסշˣ˽¶һ
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ߣš˵ųǰȥȴҵ˻ȥ
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Ҽҵ񱩵ʱ߳彭ø磬ΣʱԳ˹˵侲սʱǼϵսʱ˿̣ҷ·𿴼ǵĺѪ
ֻǣ̫̫࣬ǿٴȥҲֲ˶á
尡ǣǧһʱ̣ͻȻһɱһ˽
ֻгһ˸ˣһͷͷɱģţȻһֱݵͻ磬磬ͬУһͷһˣһ·Ʋɵҵĳɱ
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Сġҵڶ˵һֿնɽһ߹ȥ磬ǺѾɱۣȻֻ˹У񱩵Ŀɱ
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ϰ壬ȥơѪշ˷Աߣշ˺ιȥˡ
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еһοҵᣬʱķѩȻĴڷҡҷƺ˴޾Ļ֮С
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305 Ůӳ
˵ԭ˵նɽ˵£նɽģϻݻͺ¹ˡ
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С㣬ˡðţǱնɽܹᣬϣи㡣òģԵúܼᶨ
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⣬·ͻȻûüԡ
ǾͲ˼ǲǽģ壬Ϳ͡¶ϵĴ˷õĻһ֣תҪߡ
Ҿ¶ûйİ¶ʶ¶𣿶˵ھòһҪôǷϣҪôǿȻ¶ѡ˺ߡ
СǿѣΪǾҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣǰҹɫԵЩŭҧ촽ܲ
¶һͷҲ˵񆪣ҿѡϣռ˵ģ
ޱ飬գգ۳ԾĿ˿¶һ¶ͻȻˡ
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¼ֱͱѣǾ˱ŸԭͲˬǰһƿǱڵôֶŵأϮ֪
Բֻۣ۾ϮˣСǹҪţûǱֵģʾɴֱһѣŭզٲǿɾͲˡ
㻹զǾҲ˫ʱһﲻϷ˳ͻ
ͻĿ죬ھһˣǺƽʱſû¸ɣܹһˣ̸ˡ
ס֣üˣȥһ첲һڸײˣ¿ɺãǸǲˣ˹ȥʱֳҳһࡣ


306 Сķ
ס֣أ¶Բһֲһֳָıں;죬ʢ˵ӣȻдСķ緶
Щ˶ëˣ˭¶ĺǳأ¶ˣһŶȥ˶ҽҵҪЩ쵽Ҫ
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¶ǵһǹɱ˱۾ɪһ£Ǻܿͻյ㣬ȻռſڷǹϾ;ٱְȨ
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ʱűǹˣ¶һָҶˣǶҸϳȥҲǾ컹ʲô֮˭ҪǸ̤ռҰ벽̾͵سͷ
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310 ŮҰ
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ȥǣվŸɶأҽĴߴ
˭֪ǶûƵģҧ촽ƺڵȴʲô
ǽһҲƽʱģҲµһȻҲѡεһˣǾǿջ󡣡յڿлص
ҼǼŮģʼ죬룬˵զԵİ취أ
죬Ȼ٣һͽɡ˵ҽȥʾҪһˣϡ
ɶ˼ʲôˣһͷˮ
˰㲻𣿾Ƕգ۸ǣ˵Լֺݣ˵˵ģ̭涨ʱڲ˵ģǹˣԽռˡս͵
զ۸ǣҲ
һͷ˵ǻһһĽʣ˵Ϳʼǵ·ֱѹΪֹ
Ҳһ㶣ȵԲۣϽ㲻Ǹ˰ɣ۵µʲôƹأ
ֲѹ⣬ʱǻǲ˵ģǾӮˣ㶮ҪǶ˵Ŀս͵
ҵͷߣ߽ĵһŮȫ¶ˡҵʱ￩һ£·ôĵ˻ڷ룬һôµȥְ


319 Ůջ
˵ɣҪȻҿɲˡҴߣƵģģǰɪһŵǸŮװɷ
Ҳ˵ģͲ˵Ůգ鶯۾˵
ҲվԱߣΪ˲¶ݣǶһ·ЩŮΪҺնء
㲻˵ÿ֪صģҿɶˡŭĺţŮƽˡ
һûüȰأֻ˻˻һȻŮľŸ첲±ոȥˣ¶
갡ǸǿŮˣ˭ܵס
ңֺݣϻŹ㡣˵˵
Ů˿Լ¶˵Ƥּߵ˵ʲô˵
˵ֺݣм˳ȥˣŮ޿ģ·ܵ˾޴裬ѹӡ
Ͻ㣬᲻̫˵㣿еĲ̵
̸ëߣǵˣͲֻôˣ㲻
ҺΣʱһ˽㱨ǵٶȺܿ죬ȫ׷ϡ
㣬ץסһϾ͹ʡմߴٵ
ҳȥԺѾҳһƬˣڷѩ֮Уߵ׷ǼոմˮгŮǲžẮѵҪ׷һҪ裬˵ȷսޡ
ܵǺ˵Ǿ٣ⱻǻû̸ѵŮȷǺϿᰡǵģһһء
ûһһŮץˣʵʵģȹţȥһŰ߷ˣȥסңֺݡ
룬Ҳ˵ġŮҧ˵
ҪģԲסˡ˵ţͳ£ǲڣճҿ˿һģѿҲȥˡ
£ŮʣСС·ˣˮģܰҫۣĿϣҡҡͷҲ˵ģİɡ
ͻͦӲأСӣҿ볹׵عɣ˵ţȥˣŮܲסˣæ˵ʲô˵ˡ
̫ĺˡտһ̭ǲˡ
룬ʵϽ㣬֪ǲģô˵أ
ϻǿģһ˿ҶԣǹأҪȻɶҪߣ˵
ɶ˼ǣеƵ
ͷһ£յǲɵˣզ֪ǻ᲻أǻģǰݻˣǾǱץģ򲻵ѵʱ򣬻Խһأܲ£Ҽ֪ԼˣҲΪ˰ǸŮˣԸⱻôˣֶţ
Ҿ˵е͵Ļûܹŵȥġ
ҾͳŹȥˣʲôءղΪȻ
һ㶣ʵϽ㣬㵱ʱǽеһˣ
һϵүģʲô˼С죿
ҸЦһ˵ҾǺ棬ϽòǱ˰ɣûɱˣ
߾ԿϣﷺһĨߣǲǣ
ǵģҾʣôëæͷȥ
һȭͷǰ죬˼ҵʱμѡεʱ볶·Ҹˡ
˵ҧҧɱҲɴ˸սҿʱյֶΣô˿϶ˡ
һʼôҲץңںСʱֻʣһˣץˣǾʮսץȻأɵñڷ˸˷ֲԾѾˣȥѽǾˣһ𷴿պԺ˵
ҲɿЦãʵǷˣ
ҷ棿۵˵ʷɹһˣǳѡΣֻҪͨ󿹺ģѡˣôϽɣյ˦˦Ķ̷
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΢죬˦˦ͷɴۣ޶ԡ
΢΢һ㶣߹ȥǰĹϣĳǽǲ
룬տɱģպİѽǰǼӵˡ
ҿǷ۵ɽ͵ʱҶʱɵˣ꣬ҵǸʲôƹأôⲻҼ˴
һæŤͷȥô˵Ҳʦãҿá
ˣݡ˵Ű·ˣ˴ȥ
ӨӨȺץǶֵֻʣһС·ҵʱ˼ˣգƺΪȻ
С죬ڸʲôɻŤͷʲô˼һơ
ޣҾҲÿǲòҺװȵ˵ţʵҶˣȻֻһۣҲĶǵġ
ʲôֲ֪㣬ţһء˵赭д
ûʲô˰㿴ûɶоа˵Ͻ㣬ҪһǳȥɣȥиŮ˹װ˰ɣ˵žҪߡ
һѽץ˻û⸱УЩ£Ժôƹţ۵ҪݵĶԲԣ͵ʲôû
ңҡһʱ䲻֪ôˡ
պЦĿңȡЦϣǼС쳤ˣ֪أơ
˵Źҵ°ͣʱһˣ㱨ڻʣӨӨˣǿǲץڷ
ѽûʧȥ˵ųȥˣҲųȥ
ֻѩУӨӨڼߵΧʼսһмˣһӨӨģȥֻҪġ
ζЦЦһȥһӨӨӨӨܹȥղ
պǼһҲʮغϵĹӨӨмܲסˣոŤסһϣסӨӨ
ӨӨȽˣհֽŶסˣȻֱȥ·ӨӨûڣһץӨӨϾʣһˡ
ҿŮҪ㣬еʧûҼأյ־쵽ӨӨһСȥˣв˵ǰɣ㳹׵ع⡣
Ҳһ㶣ǶӨӨԴŮǲһģҪ
Ҳ˵бӨӨŭ۾Ϻܷۣܰ£˫ȣǶ̿ķԼɼ
һģȥ


320 
ɣҪӨӨʵһ˿ңʱֹ⣬δռ˴ˣеʴˡ
ӨӨȴôǿҧź촽Ϣٵ¶ɽҲ֮ŮУõǸ
ۣͬ֬ޣﷺɵϧκ˿棬ٻһЩ޵ģȻҲǲ⡣
㲻ΪʲôѡΣѵոûһŮ֪Һڰݻˣôأյνأ
˵𣿡ռв
ӨӨģҡҡͷܾǿ˵ô۸ңҶģ쵰
ҿ㵽жôӲЦһˡ
ҶɫˣӨӨĿԵγˮҾæתͷȥհգûӨӨŵǰҸˡ
ѽȻɱ㡭ֻӨӨһȻһ
ʶĻͷһͼӨӨȻһ˿ˣȴմ
꣬һǵһο޵ĳ棬һûд·Ůˣߺ죬ɱڵġ
ҲҵϾӨӨҲӣռ˼֮ӨӨճһ·ҪطȾͳܡ
ҾվſأŭסҪȻ̭ˡ
һ㶣ವһȥ־ͰӨӨ§סˣҵһŤ߳ŭ˵ſ˼ң˶
갡ʱҾͷˣզأҲǣҲǣ۾һգͽıסôôأֲʶҡ
ʱֻѵһϵһɣֱȥˣϣüӨӨѾҵĿˡ
ѽʦ磬ô㣬ӨӨģæ޲Ҹطȥ
ҵʱϵζôľģæɿˣͷ⣬ⶼհŵģԹҰҲǹġ
ӨӨּߵģæ·ڻһʱæҡ
ǺǣӨӨСӣȻôǿʦˡ˵ȡߣ·ӸӨӨ
ӨӨҵϣߵԳ֣ü۵Ĳ֪ôźá
չȥģˬʵЦôţǼСҲˣ֪ˣʲôأʦ翴ˣԼˣᵽ˵ġ
ʦ㣬ôѽӨӨ۾ţӵĿһۣæͷȥ
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ǣʦˣ˼ҡӨӨ˵ݣҧ촽֪롣
հһۣΪȻʲôǶʦ۵ģֵܽãһֲ˵ˣСƨСƨһûʲôġ
Ͻ㣬˵ɶҼֱЦãôСƨˣ
¸ëߣϽӨӨȥůһ£ûйҵ뻹ĸ˹ˣѡΣһǺġ˵һơ
㶣εĹȥӨӨڻˣҼϣģ뵽ղǹ˵ӣⲻЩԳǸңʹõģҪȻҾ°
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ڳӨӨŮ֪Ҽٰ绵˵£˿ҵǾǸˣΪӨӨҵԵúǸӣ֪𱸻ǺߣҶ˼һæͷȥ˵ˡ
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ǵı֣Һܲ⣬֪𣿡հڵĺ
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ôӨӨͽݺݺˣûиҶˣҪȻû취ˣӽ쿪ʼûصģҹȥСʱھȥ˵һӳ˻ʱǻĽ
Ůŵգգ۾ͷðźѩܳȥȥˣӨӨĸվŲҶ
Ͻ㣬ҿ˰ɣģǸոնˣϢҲ١Ȱ
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ãҲںһʱ̡Ұյ
⻰۵ʦˣ϶һ٣ˣٻǷˣôֿЩںں˻ɣǻģ֪Ϊʲô𣿡ʵ
ͷΪռģҲǵóѵġ
ĸëߣҪǶôʴȣҾ͸۵ȥ֪һǱˣǿɶ绨Сӣ϶ᱻЩĥ˵Ļǻù㣬Ů˻ôԸ㲻Դǵ
һûмôæɫ֪Ͻ㣬ȥϰȥܿ԰ɣ
Ϲʲôһû˵ءպǳ
£Ҳ
ȻˣֻǳѡΣռأΪԹ
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еȦѲɻиǧݣ򻨹ݣ
ӨӨǼһһЦС첻ҳ̫ߵĿҡ
һҧһӳŵĺ˼ץЦϽ㣬лú˵㲻Ҷء
ɿŲҳ㡣ŭ
ɿ֣ʵ˵ʲô
мֹݣ֮ǰûмģҲȥļ٣۵ﱸô꣬ȻвٵˣҺں˻Щôǿɲܵġս͵
У۵Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣʲôطҳԾ
£Ҹٸ㣬Ҹ̸¡˵ŶӨӨǵǰЩȲ轪Ⱥˣǡ
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ճһ£˵ѡĸˣϣܹúǣֶ˵ˣϣܹͨռˣ㡣
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ܰʲôæ𣿡ʵ
ճҿ˿ƲƲ죬üҪȥջǣǳ׵Ĺһء


321 һ
ʲôг׵ĹһأҶʱȦĿա
ճһ£ͷ˵СǲˣҪ˵ף
զˣ˵ϽѾ˼ˣԺ󻹲֪ôӨӨأֳʲô⣿еƵ
һԿϣŭү㲻˼ëߣ㿴Ҳˣ˱˻ǲǣ˵㵽ҪҪϣ
˵զϣɻ
룬˵ŵռˣһǿǵĶ˵ʱ򣬿ܹܶã涨ʱΪСʱҡ
ɶֲɵӣҶûйѵģôͳܲסģƵ
ƽʱνǺЩͲˮͲһˣײص
㶣ԾԲۣϽˣǳЩҩⲻǺǣ
һȹæܣյǷŵأҲͰСʱңҩЧ͹ˣҪռ˵ʱһСʱʱ򣬾Ҫܲܳסˡ
զôϸ񣿡ͷʵ
Ǿǳ̶ȵˣһɸ˽䣬Ҫȥ·ʣһӣȹҩŮˣȻܲסѽ˵ĲǾǷ飬ʱ϶˾ݵģһܲסԼȥ·Ȼ󡭡ֹ˶˵֮ˣҲ˵㶮ġ
һ˵Ͻ㣬òҪҰ˵ĽɫɣĿĺڣ
ĿľǿǵĶΣͷܹס뿴䵽˵У˿϶ǽĥˣжŮˣڹؼʱ̣ӳΣգԾͱѵˡһ
ðɣҶˣ˵Ҫôʵ
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˿ģﷺˮѾʧȥˣСͷ£ֳҴչһżæ·סȻŤҪҡ
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ҿЦã˵Ͻ㣬Ҳ뿴˵ıܺòãΪǶأ
һ㶣һĹŭôˣҾǼˣ뵱Ҳμռ˵ʱ򣬲Ųôûء
Һܺ棬ʵϽ㵱ʱô֣
Цһ˵ңֱӰ˸ˣЩҪ˸ϹݣһŪ
Ҳզ࣬ЦϽ㣬ţȣһ
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ǸϽ㣬˰ɣ⣬ҿܲˣҾúеǸʲôͷΪѵ
յһۣûɱˣΪǺãڶʴȣԺڵʲôԸǱ۸
ãðɣǼ˵źΣš
ܿ죬űˣһŮӽһӨӨŹϵһ˲䣬ҾͷֲԾӨӨѾҩЧˣͨģѾԼ·ˡ
ԲۣҲ̫˰ɣǶӨӨӨӨһ˿ҵ˹ʱҳʯˣһʱ䲻֪롣


322 ܲ
ѽҡӨӨ˿촽ҧڲϻţ
Ҫ˵ûκηӦǴװȵģô˵ҲǸѪյ˰龰ô᲻ݡ
֪Ϸأôܵ棬ҾúɺԣæŤͷȥˣ벻ܼһ¡
ӨӨȻסҵ֣ϰȥĵЦ˼Һء
Բۣô£ոӨӨ˶ҩҪ
ҵ޴ˣæȥһϣ˺˼ӨӨӦ̭ˣҵȥսߣҪȻҪء
ӨӨȻĵģٴ˹СͳæͷŵŮ㣬ƢرĵطĻҵġ
ҸԼҪ侲㣬סҵĲӣҴҲǣˣϽȥţʾս
֨ѽһŸոտֻòһȻӨӨסˣҧ촽ٵҺ˼ѵһ豭ˣƬҵĲϡ
𶯣ҪȻҾɱӨӨڵĳպ
մߣԵ㶣ͷӨӨһб¾ԿΪһںһҪܣ۸ȻӵؤŮˣҪðٻݵ˳׵ߡ
Բۣûɣ̨ʸӵһ㻻˵УڹˣȻҪȥһӨӨ涯֣ҿС
ٸһף˺󡣡ӨӨӲţȻȴûзɣҸеڷҲŲˡ
е˼ٻôһϵ̨ģϧ߲ˣɱҲһȻ˵
ӨӨ߷ߵĵһۣ˵ǺãҾȻɱȥǶɱ⣬ҵҪʲôˡ
ӨӨ䣬Ҿ͸еֱ۵Ķ˵ʱʱ죬ҿɲҵˣ첲һգһס漴һŤһĹȥˡ
꣬ôģŷץطˣæӨӨŭһȭͷ˹漴һţû뵽»ô͡
зæܣ漴סˣҶ˼ŵӣæŤͷȥʹɫ
ռæܹӨӨסˣιһҩȻˮӨӨʧȥ˷̱ҵĻæա
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˰ӨӨȥϢժߣ˦˦ͷЦϢֲ£һ֪ӨӨȻŵסһϾʱôĶ֡
ӣµ˵ĵɣ´ҪϷˣܲˡ
Ҽģ˵죬ΪɵӣŮ˷ֲͼίһ°ɡ
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㲻˵Ҳ˵Ķ֪㣬˵ˣⶼΪǺãѵǰû˵ģ϶Ϊˣռ˵ʱҲ᲻֪飬һֲģ㵽ʱ֪ˡ˵赭дġ
ɶ⣬ʱʲô˼Ҳ
ƤЦЦһ۵ʱݻˣ۵˵ˣܱ˱ˡ
ǣǰ˭ݻˣҳԾ
պٺЦѽˣˣȥǣռˣҵʱ֪ͨģɱܣǸУȥˣҪʲôʲôء
˵ˣֿ飬ɾƣҵҲǵģҪһЩŮأǺ鷳ġ
ں˼أ绰ˣóһٻġ
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ڷأϿΰɣͷźˡٻȰ
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⼸һڸʲôءֹţһæˣǴ绰ʡ
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ĸŮˣƲԳԷǰɣѡӺľͳȥˣС߰ģֱǿƵģ䵹񣬺ܿһӾʹһ룬вٵǮ
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յģ漸հӻҰè϶ǡŴյ
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Բۣߣȥڻ㡣ʯͷ˵ųһģй˵֮ƿڶʯͷæ˦˫ڹ˻ץƿڴš
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ǵ˲ˣʹӣҼ侲ԽʱԽ˷硣
Ϲаճ嵽ſ𣿡ҿ˿Ϲ
ϹƳһۣͷҿԴͽԿΪ
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಼Хɱ


327 ո
һһֻҵĸ첲ϣһЩ鼱֮£һſӿ赲͵һץסһơ
ӼгҷɱҴ˼һŵӻͷĿڣһʯἸ£ĵƹⵯ˹ȥ
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328 Ѫս
磬ɽӥǾˡҰèսսĳָָǽŵӡ
ҴǰĹأԼЩģʵô϶
Ұèͷæǰ磬ҵ֤㿴˶ϣĶѣ
乧ӸµĿ˿ɵ磬ôе㲻
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ϹĿ⾼עܣĬĬôԾҪмֵܹ
ҰèЩƮЩɣҵҰèҪƭӣĺ֪ܲ
磬ĶأǰɽӥǰҿǵĶԻģԲ֪ӵˣҪǲŵĻ㴦ҡҰèһ˵
乧ĩ˵һҷԸһ£Ұèǰߡ
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¸ѣߡ˵žҰè鲻Ըǰ·
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һ˸ߵ¥ݿڳͻȻдһɱƳһƣֻһ֧ವƿնžŹ󵯳죬˲Χ
糷乧䣬赲һӣһУַ׷мŻŵ˵һǽ档
ʱҰèȻƿңȾͳܣһһߺӥ磬żҰ
ԲۣͽӣʯͷܻģϴҪȥһѽ˻ָʯӵָһӼ䣬಴Ұè
ҰèڱӣԿϰһǣϥǹҲҸһĳǰ˵ȥ
һһ֧Ķϣֶļ͸첲ϣҰèҺһܲĵʹĺӥ磬ΪʲôΪʲôҪҡ
Ѿûмֵˡһĺֻ˷ĳʮˣɽӥм䡣
˿ɽӥӣĳ߶š
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Բۣ磬ƴˡʯͷ˫ڹŰۡ
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ѵһӳûҿ˹ӲҵͷƤȥһͷϣðŻǡ
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ǲͷһΣһͷԵȥ
㶣æסˣͷóԽ˵λߣϽȥ


330 
Ѷ˪ңǰӡ
Ҷ˶򵥰ĸ첲ȣȻʹ̣û˵㲻֪𣿡
ĵһۣŰƵϵ㣬ɵ֪ϴˣοɲ׷Ź㣬˵ʲôţߵĺǶҪץס㡣
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㣬Ųҳ㣿ýҧź촽ա
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쵰ˡüİıʶˣľ޴֮Ѷ˼ڽ⿪ţҡƳȷ硣
ҳǲƳһۣܷܰ飬ȷǸӣ벻ͨŮôģǸ̾ӳҾȻҡ
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ǸѧûΪҲ˽㡣˵һţͦͦ죬δʮ꣬ԱУһѧ°ְİѧУʲôãֵ¼ʮиνʦĩиӰֽ乧һ˽ʯͷ
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ϲͺá˵Űѱӽӹȥæȥ衣
ϲǵˣҵ԰еɫĸŵģ˶ˣ
ģʲôȲ裬С̡һû˵꣬Ѿɿˡ
ϲȻûסˮֱһ̵۴
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ϣ˼̫Сˣٸ㵹һ˵Ų豭˿ˮϲҪӹȥһ˲䣬ֹĸ첲ϡ
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ǵģⱿֱŵģû°ɣﰵЦţϺͮͮģƤˡ
ϻҿİɣӵšϲˣȥҪõ绰ˡ
һ˵ϲļҲ٣˵أ
ϲŭĿԲɣҧгݵĺ㷴˰㣬֪˭
㿴ǲЦЦ
вӣģƲԳԷƣϡϲû˵ֱ꣬Ҹסˡ
漴۵໴ֱˡ
ҼþЦϲеۣҸһ¡
ԲۣɿӣԵǲϲѾ˿ȭͷͳͱ˹
һʮˣҵĶ֣Ťס֣žһԿĿϣ˵㿴ǲ
ϲ׵Ļˣŵ˵㣬㲻Ҫʲôڷ
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ļ׼뿪ʱͻȻţϲһ˾ǡ
ϲϽţ³ˡһ溰
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ûǣҲᣬת׼ߣסˣһĺҲģ۾Ϲ˻Ƕˣ¸˵ء
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ʣոտҾסԴǽʹһѪһκľһͷԵڵˡ
Ƚ⼸࣬һͷɫ࣬ҧǲҪ绰һߣ绰ֱӵˤ˸ϡá
ԱߵϲѾŵɫ԰ף߶µˣ㲻Ҫˣ¶Ҷ㣬ϡ
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341 㻹
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¶ͷһۣܸӣҲܾ飬һ統ҸյռҵʱͻȻѧ죬ܳȴˤڵˡ
ôùȥһô࣬ұΪһпʼı䣬ȴĲһԭǵĸ鶼ǴģΪǵ
ſӣǹӲǡȴֱסˣѩ¶ܳϾȥһ֪ԽԽԶˡ
ԹñˣԼҽͷѩ̹ǣڽɿңڶҾʲôȫǶ뿪ˣһѩɵһ
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ӷ𣬺쳾ʵ˷ǰϹƣֳɨվԱһ
Ӣѹ˹أǶɡĩҲҡӳˣһƬվſڴŷѩ
ҾôţͻȻմЦǸӢۣ¶ˣҸ䲻


347 ˭˵¶˭
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348 ̽
ԲۣüˣզզʯͷŰۣŰŵҡ
ȥȥĳӡӿ˿Ĵϡݸҵ磬ȵ£β㡣
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㣬ǳȥɣϢзʯͷߡ
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еԺע㣬ñ͵ϮˡҷԸ
Ӧһ۾Ŀ˿磬ˡ
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˭Ҷ磿Χ£˫š


349 Ҷҳ
˭ǾϮһץȥŭĿԲһ
ͷ¾ӵŮ٣ɱˣƾӣ㶼Ưˣ˧;ݵģõֵܿɲӦ
㣬ұ졣߷ߵĺǳ
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㶣еĪ˿ӨӨ£
ʦ磬ҡӨӨ˫ֿסЩнһң৵ľͺˡ


350 ҿŮ
ʲôֱ˵£µأҼӨӨֹе֡
ӨӨҧ촽ңҾ㣬ʦ˵ˣԾ͡
û£ⲻŵûʲôÿģôҪսῼˣǰٻݵϣõĲѡߡͷѵʱ򣬺ӨӨ顣
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ʱԵеΣҺŮرϤƽȥٻݲ̫࣬Ҳûô̵ĽҲ֪˵ɶˡ
ҶͻȻĽӨӨЦЦʦ磬Ӷ𣿡
 ޣе㡣ˣûôúóԷһϸղŴһܣƣġ
ңȥжԺ𣿡ӨӨ˵ָΪӡ
⣬಻ã÷ԱþС˵
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352 Ҳ
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Ҽôʧ䣬ңȭͷ¶ҲƤˣȻ㻰˵ˣϣĸãҵרһˡ
ʲôģܣܺԼɣҹ˾£ϣԺҼңҲȥ˾ˣټ¶һ仰ͷҲصˣ񣬷ߺ޶ʧǵһҵġ
ټɥСֹţͷһҾԼܼ
죬ðɡɡվſڣѩ˶֪̳ݸһɡȻЦĺܺͰͻȻʱռң¶Һȥҳԣ̾ҳԵġ
ʱң˾еȥûʹĸо
лл̣ˣһȥˡǿЦЦ
ûҪôѹעһԣĿģۣĶĸ飬һ˳ģСҲӲɣЩ죬ͻõġ̴üĿȰ˵
Ҳ֪˵ʲôãҿ¶ϳȥʲôҲˡ
û£æҿյ
СҲףֿʼجˣΪǵ£̫ϣǻᣬкܳ·Ҫء̿ĵ
ҵͷͷԺľҸ̣Ҵռҳվſڣű룬ԺҲûˡ
ƮѩģŽֵĿĵߣͻȻܿա
߹˺¶߹Ľֵҿӣȥ˺ȴѾϵˣҸǮҵʱ㶵ңðŻ
ޣˣ㲻ǸǸƯһǸСϴ㻹ƳӡӻȻ
ЦЦû˵ʲôůĺߣͻȻֹҲأҲǲǮվ˺ܾã񻹿ء
һʲôݺݵĴһ£ܴʹ


354 Թ׷
ܣվŪյģͷͻȻһɧҡ
ֶȥ;У˼׷һˣͷģܵʮִæŻŵķ˼ͷǱļӴܡ
ϵ˶׷׶ܣھʱ򣬻ͷֻŵĳ߿һۣҶʱϳ
ģ߰ģȻˣЩģҿ˵ݣû뵽
Եģ㻹ܣŪ㡣ӻſӣۿΧס
һڵˣһʱ侪ʧġ
ס֣ŭһһȥһŽһӸ߷ڵϣǰȭͷصǡ
СӣĶ£ҪȻһ𿳡ֳֿӣڵĺ
ǿԿ˵
ıȣһӻδ䣬տǰһӻδ£ѾŤһҺҽп˹һ⺺̱ڵˡ
⼸
ԭе̣£÷йҵԹŭ
ѵһӭͷĺпӱɣһɨȣͷȥһӸϵ֮ǰһԾ䣬ļϣѪĽ
ǻŭ𣬻ͷһƳŵһҪ͵Ϯĺһ԰ףûӦҰγ˿ӣһƽȷˡ
ⳡսûκεַӵ飬Ӻ˵һأһ¶־֮ɫ
Ӽǡ˻һӶ˵ϣĽ
㣬ݣǣߡӳϻ̳Ͽֵҡҡλε뿪ˡ
һͷ˿ǵѪ˿ĵվЦеǿ
ôҹȥ
򣬰յĸȣ߲̫£粻Ҫġ
ܣ˵ЩҸذһ¡ļǴңȻǸм
ѣǮûУӶˡϵѩе㷢ӶһͰ͵̺ӣһ£ûˣ˵ϡ
û£ʵ
£㼸ѣԳЦ
Ҹһ̣ݸæһڣзҵѽСӣ˵Ĳֵ°㶼ˣ
ѣˡǵһ͹£÷Ա˺þƺòˡ
̻ʵģηշųķƵģԵϡﻩģԱߵļ˶ˡ
㣬ԡҰһ̵ֻۣϣһǺÿԲͣ
һЦʵֻۣһӣҲƣͷ˼յӰ׾ƣ˸ãϿ˿ģӣһڣüͷ
ԱˣզˣԴϴռҽԺ㣬Щ˰ɣЦЦЩ̾
ˣİûĥҪ󣬹ƨˡ¿ӣ߷߲ƽĸӣҪҺ籨𡣡
ǲ㱨ˣѾˡЩȻ
㶣̻ҵϣæֵ˵һӳԾˣģôأ
㼤ѡһͷܶڳ߿Թ
Ʋֵģͷֵĸȣô˵ˣûԱźء
źѣźòã֮ǰŷԼ׷һӵĳޣԭһıǽһĿҡҡͷ˵
üۼӹһӵ˼˶˵ıԼ벻ܾͨնɽǼϸΪøҲǼϸ̫ɵһˡ
㲻ҲΪնɽǼϸϴĹصĵˮһ׹ʾ𣿡Ұһۡ
㶣ʲô߰ģӸʲô׹ˣ
ģģдż֣СնɽұȻ
ƨӳԱ˳ŵģô鷳ʲô֣ӲֱӸ˵Ųӱ
Ҳסˣɻ˵˭ģ
ǸãԵ̫ĸˣԹ׷ô˵ӻ˰뱲ˣǿˡյ˵
룬һʱҲҲ𰸣ʵʲô㣿ûͷûԵĻ죿
˿ңһô˵ǶжǷģڽҲǸˣҵöرǣ
ƳһۣͰõްôرӣ˰ɣøɶ͸ɶȥɡ
ٺһЦ¶ȱѹʹشˣӶ㻹Ǻаġ
ɶ⣬װǻƵġ˵
ʾ㻹ţ֪ˡ
ȥĶˣȥʱѩȻһƬããģװع
˳ȥһطӿǵĽ⣬һֱߵӿȥǰ·ˣ˾ЩţɵĿǡ
°ɡ˵Ŵ˳ţҸǮ
վŲһֱȳ뿪ˣС˼
߹հģһҰźĻѩ쬵ġ
סҿܣüͷ
ģסﰲȫҲó⡣ԳЦţ߽ȥûã̾Ż˽Ųһһô棬æȥ
զˣɶС
꣬ˡ˵ţӻһذףĶǰ
ϸٿϣҲûпӡɻһզ֪˵ģ
ŵģذףĶȻһͷè
ҲϽſ£ĵָָҶһȻǰ治ԶƣתҿϵĹߣһЩôģ
ֱȻһ£ʾҴߵǸұߵģȻʼָȥ
ವһҺͬʱȥذ׳һ˾ӹȥˣĶ˵ıϣȻһ˹ȥ
Ҳû£һԾʯӣָһӼ䣬߹˵Կϣһƺߣʧ֮ʣһšסĲӣ˵ϣžͺݺݵ˼ȭͷһŤӣһ˶ˡ
ҲܡʱһͷһǸ˰סˣſӳӱƽȥľ˵ĸ첲ۿֲסˡ
ȥһŽǹ˸߷ڵˣ۾һɣƿҵ죬ɵ
䣬һ֣ݵһХǹϷһźŵವĴֵϿա
ҲԵġŭգȥһŲĺϣվȥˡ
군ˣϽģеţٵĳܡ
Ҹһ򵥵Сľݣҵһ˵ϵһӣһһ濹һˣţѪܵģͺֶš
˭ѽɻ
ܣһ˵뿪˵˵žͿ
һûܼ͸оһɱæ迳ӻһѵһеһӲıҵ˻ȥ
ҶһðüˣǾΧ
ĸܵյĿ죬ߡûԶͻȻ۷Ҵҵĳһߡ
ವһһƿնҺһСģƿֱӶԱߵһϣҡҰ졣
ţļͷɱˣǼϣŻ棬ڷѩ֮дž죬ɱڡ
հģߣ˿ڴһߡ
ſӽΧɱ𡭡


355 
ҿôˣҪˣԵЩ
һ迳ӵס˷ɹļֻϵĻҴһ̱ǵζΧľҲž𣬿ʼȼ
յģǾͻУôƣŭĶЩˣǽľ£ˣƾҺʵӲƴǵвġ
յĿ˼ܣûԶͱ˸סǰȥۿһ̾Ҫϵˣû뵽ȻתӲñסˣʱѪ໵Ĵ
Ҽæȥ֧Ԯһӽ̴ɣ̧ű߷Ǻˣһһˣͷ߱ߺɵ˵סë˭
ǵˣĸȡֵģһѿӵסһ֧ɼеվȡ
תһˣĿ˿ϵˣ˵㿸Ÿ㼸Ѱӵ
ӵɲӣǾǳģϻˣϽɱȥһ˼ǰûĳ塣
Щɻ󣬿ǹ˲ô࣬һڻˣһ߷ɱۿǵԽԽˣǽıΧסˣû˳·
ģ㻹˵ﰲȫȫѣƴˡϵѪе㷦ˣ˺һˣ첲ʮʹۿûսˡ
ѱϵ˵ݸңɭЦЦ˵ΪǳԸɷģӵĵ̣ˡ
䣬ڼô˼ӣٶȷǳĿ죬Ҷ㵽һ棬ĴЦ
ЩΧĺ˾е㲻ԾΪʱֻϻöľ׮ܾӲĴ˹ȥö˶ӦͱײˣѩѪһء
һЩ˽ŵĶûܼԶͼڵϳһһһק϶ʱ˲ٵ壬ö˶ܲ׷׵ȥ
ܿ촫˴˷Ĳֻẓ̇ǵţٺһЦֵӵĵ̣Ǿĸȣߡ
˵꣬ǰ·ʱԷѾһ룬һǳһŵĿ񱼡
ˣô˦ǡŲʮֵ֣ͻģζţҸܣû£ֺɱԽԽԶˣˡ
һѩӭ洵쬵ģŷѾ֪ĳӣǰһ޴бĶ£ʮվ
ѩﵷһӣ˼ַصһʯͷϴ˼ᣬǸɽ¶ܻ
ȥҵٶȡƳһۣߴ
ûһнŲˣҿѸٴ»صʱ򣬿Ҳһˣʱм׷ˣ˳׷ϡ
һɣ׹ɽףͷ˿Ѿɽˣſ׼ӭС
ʾվԶ㣬֪ô϶˼£ɽϵͷɿˣæԱ˼
̧ͷһ˺һˤ˸ԽѣѪһأ˲䶯á
ЦЦ׷ĺ˱ӵıȻһָ˾ġ
漴ЦݽˣֻһȺ˷׷׳ɽ·żһľ͵شһǱĶ㿪ˡ
𰡣ɣӻɡˤ۵ƨȾܡ
ҲϽ˿񱼣ɽһľӲïܣѸȥҲ֪˶ãֱˣͣϢš
գţȡĳָȴɥܵӣʵզˣ
ֳָָüͷյӱ׷β
𶯣ҸγŹҹȥһֲһ£۵۴
ιˣԼµ
Բۣ׷ˣܡͻȻ⳯溰һûŵȾܡ
һƨϵļҽץӲĳ˳
Ӵι㣬յƭӡŷϵԭұģվҲǣҲɴ˵ڵϣüġ
ҹЦЦѼˣȥһƨˣںںڵģҺɵҲж񣿡
㣬Ҳˣ˵զ죿ӻ
ҿûòҩȻ˳ǹѾˡε
˶мѺô
ҿ˿Ƥʵ²˿ڣüͷ㼸ûϴˣ
죿ǣ룬ǴռҽԺܳûˣǣмѹϵڵϣͷյ
Ŀһۣ˵ҪԼȥӲŲ
ӹŰ⽻飬㲻ȰɣЦõ˵ˣûõ˿԰æġ
զûУˡ˵ţͬʱԱߵǸˡ
˿⺺ӻţϣգգ۾޹
ҼüŪ۵ģЦôˡ
ӲҪǷſӡǺϣӲϵǰϵĲͿʼҺǲ
һԿϣŭ㲻
ǺӸһҧǲϵͷҽӸϵ˵
ңǺӴͷɥģŻ˼ڻʹ˹ȥ
鴤־ᣬʹǺӲͣŻЦԷǣģ⻹ǻ


356 ֪
ιĽԽԽͻأ
ͻȻòԾǶӣҵҲ쳣æʾȰ죬ˡ
ƭӣĶأĶ
ವһû˵꣬һƿնǲͷƤȥġ
ﲻһƳһƣֻм˲֪׷ˡ
ܣӶ˲ϣƨ񱼶ȥ
룬ץǺܣ׷ģŸ˳֣Ӵ졣
ĸȣȥʱǸͷҰֹţֻһһ߿ӣʱʱмƨǲˬ
ô㣬Ӯôˣ͵˵
§źӵԿǣһèһ֧˵ܲҸطǲӸǡ
͵һֻȥҧгݵаðհ
ððգﶼûΣˣ·˵ŰǺӸתſ赲
˵һŵһߣԵҪȻŪ㡣
˵Ž⿪ϵӣ񱼡
ҿ˿ЩˣǸˣһѪսĿǰĸ㷨ǳŲ˶õġ
ߡԣǺָָһڡ
ȽȥվŸ㼸ѣҵסǡҺһ
㣬ȽȥӶϺ󡣡еɵ˵
㶣յʲôʱˣѡ
ǣȥ˲׳Ϊû˵꣬һֻķɹˣȻҽһæ𼱵Ǻܽȥˡ
ۿ˽̧߿ˣ輸èŲҲ˽ȥ
ģȻ磬ǿɼĵͣ˵ֲָеţǾԿԶĵط
Сӡе㲻Ծ
գﲻһǶסڷô㣿һû˵꣬Ķڹϵȼһ泯ܡ
Ƴһۣæ·ҸߣߵرƺЩ̡
㰡磬ĥߴѣ뱻ҾеǺǣⶴĿռ䵹Ǵ˲٣ֻǲô۾ӦߣĴȽϸɻ
ȴģߵСģЩֵ߸ѣǰ
ҵһۣ߼ǰܣͷһĥ䣬ҽǲ
ΪӲ߿㣬߲찡һȳһյģǺӣǲǵĳ󿴡
ҽŻһƣ꣬ӵƨһ֧ҡΣҿı飬治֪˵ʲôˡ
ʱ򶴿ڵĻգɴͲˣʯڴϢţǸӣһƺһƨϵļְεˣȻ˵ϣǺ˵ɸǣӵŮˣκ˶û
Ǻӱʹൽ˼㣬ֿ棬˺һŵͷ
ҽĲˣӺ˻һĻΪ˱ⱻҧһ֦
ܵһգԭΪǺˣʶűӣǽķֿܿ죬Ƶףѵﻹиڣ
ƨͷĺǵģ˵
Ǵӳ߰ɡ˵
Ҳߣǣĳںңȥ¡ɥ
ҴӶóֻһûźţƹ⻹ãĴգŷ֣ǲ֪Ѿ·ˡң֪·ǳڣͨ˴ѽġ
һȻãֲ㲻ҽ㲻˵
˵ˣǻѡ𣿡˿ǺӣǺü㿴Ӹëߣ㲻ᰮ˰ɣ
֧̣𣿡ǺӿͰ͵˵
ɣڳȥˣӣ𣿡˵ŰóһںԼҲ
ǺӺ̴ڵţ̰ӡ
ʱҸоûƺûˣ˽Ų˵ǲѾ˰ɣǽȥѿҪҪʬ
ˣˣߡҴߴٵ
㼱ѣҲģڸڣʵԹܺãǲˣǾʫô˵ţ֪ڵϣĲɵ˵
꣬㻹˼ʫԣ⡣Թ
ЦһмѰ취㲻˵Ҫܹ
ô棿Һɵ
㲻ţ˵žµյģɱӰ
ˣЦȻ˺һûм׷
ҿһνӣ֪ʱǰȫˣʱʱüЩ˵Ľ̸ͽŲҲĲ١
ҽĿעӵԱߵĺϣָָôˣ
ɺϣԵɺϣҸСӣҲһֱ׷鵱ɽõ顣
Ϊ㵱ɽõˣʵ
ҡҡͷֵͷΪӵŮˡ
Ůˣɶ˼Ҳ
üӹһ˿ӵŮˣǳҷҪ׷˺졣
Ҳʱú͸ʹͰ˼̣
˲˹ѹֵҪ׷ɱռˣǿĻ
㶼鵽Щʲôˣʵ
ָָԱߵĺӵͻƿڡ


357 Ļ
ʲô֪ץҲ״ǺӱõЮסԵúǿֻš
Щѵ§źӵļ˵ǣǳ콭ģӦöʲôʶʱΪܣ㻹̻֯Ǿȵ㣿
ѾˡӺܲ
ǰΪģϧɱڵģҪȻղȫƣ㵲һ£Ѿˡɴ۾
ͷ˼Ҳʲô𰸣÷ˡ
һƣŭԵɵ𣬿ҲʮˣҲӦϲŮˣҪˣŮ˾Ǳ˵ģˬˬ
ǺӳĬˣȻǵģҵȷУôҷǻˡ
Ͱ֪Ķǣұ֤㲻˵ŰѿӼĲϡ
ӿ˿ҺЦûõģըڻԶըʱˡ
Ҳһ㶣ϴκҵһʵǸˣæʶĺ˼
ȴŲæЦǣ£ը类Ҳˣҽ󡣡
ɶզ֪ϵըģҲ
˵ΪǰӼҲץһˡ
Ǻеܳ˿ϵ⣬ܣըҵĺԱһ˲ˡ
ǰǰ㻹ԱסӾصıˣΪ߰ǲǣ˵Žӵ·ƿһڣֻǷϵ߰ġ
Ӵʧɫµ˵ôģ
ʼ磬ͳһӵεѣƺҲǺѣⶫ
漴óһƿǴСŪһµܴŨըҩ֯ܲ򵥰Ƽôޣûһը
ˣȫǲҪҿļǵСⱬըըǼ˴´ࡣ
ǷһǺӺǸм˵
ͷģ˵ǣǸⶼ¶ҪǻеģͰ֪Ķ˵֯˿ɲǸ˶ըɣҲ˵ݵģҪʲô֪ȫ
ӳĬ˰죬˼˵֯ϸĵȼƶȣһһӣǼǰͶ·ͼ˵ģʱҲǮȥɱˣ֮ըȻֵ¾˼˿ɹָӣǶǷµģͨСߣϺ£ȥжȥжʲô֪ܶ
֪ЩǻĿʲôҽ
Ҳ֪νӵѰɽõĻڣһɱһɱʱû뵽ץסˡε
ٺһЦԼΪôɱ
أǻû񣿡ʵ
Ȼɱռˣÿը˶е񣬲ܲסһһʮ
ôҵãңҲ׷ɱĿꣿʵ
ӿ˿ҵÿ˶зֹɱĿ겻ͬӦ˵ûнӵ
ô磿ʵ
ǣңרˣʲôʱҲ˵ʵش
ϴ˭ΪʲôҪôҽ
ҡҡͷ޿κε֪ҲЩˡ
Ҷһۣƺ⣬źӵ˼ż˼ʱ䣿ɽõһ֪
Ҳ֪Ҷ˵ˣǴӦҪŹҵġ¶
ĸȣˮô˭ͣ֯ôˣĻĺѶԸŭ
ǣڰǵϳ֪Ķôƽ⣿ҲǺɥӣҲʲôˡ
ɴɱ˰ɣҲǸ׸ͻȻŵӶǺӻһ
һرͻȻǺӸ첲һӣŵ̱ڵϣĿѪܵĵƽɫ
Ҳ֪ʲô˼ʱ򣬺ͻȻĵһиµȷû˵ռصɱ󣬻С
ʲôŭ
ãˡʱҸеԾֻñϮһɱͷһƳ̷˹æ迳赲
ͼ˴˹ûгɣȥһˣһͱһ˶ϣס죬ѿӸϵ˵֪֪·
¡ηӣͲ
֪˵žҪ֣ȴ˲̫Ծ
ҪԱܡĺŭһŻŵĳˡ
һŽǰĺ߷ˣתͳǱ˹ȥ
صһֻתصͺƵģ¡¡ҡš
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ҳˤеʹãҲҵسˣʹˤģʵǼһأ
ǲûϷˡһĭӣǰա
һǺӱѹʯˣðѪݣڳ鴤ţŹȥһ£ãϼѾˡ
˵ʲô֪ģҡʵ
۾ףָָĴһԴȥһҲˡ
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ʼ磬һ˺·Ÿ첲һ˵ĿǰҲûʲôôҲûޣȰ㣬ŻȥȥնɽںΣգ÷
ƨһ֪ôȥЩε˵
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հըɽǡĴ˿̧žܡ
Ҳ˲öˣſ񱼣ڵʯӺɳһҵҡΣֻεѹϮɽҪƵģһضɽҡָƽ
Ҳ֪˶ãźǱߴһˣͷĸȣˣ㿴
ҽ΢Ļ⣬Ѿʯͳ赲סˣûκεĳ·


358 Ӿϲ¶
ˣԲԣڳҵ˼ݸ׽
ҡҡͷеǰգǲ֪˶ˣֻѾһ֪ʱ䣬ֻޱȵ
۾ѾӦ˺ڰֻǾԽԽơ
ŲݸͷʯϣɬЦģӢһû뵽Ҫȵطı
ƨ˭˵ǻģ㲻ֹ֪۵㣿𱸵
ڨЦһζѲأҪСӣʵɣ˵ǿԽǵӻΪҪ𣬼ëޡ
ɬͣܲôҲܷЩˣҵɱĸˣԣȫɱ⡣
ɱ⣬̸סǶѱͷɥ
Ϣ۵취˵ű۾ȴӶ¶Ӱӡ
Ѩﰲ쳣ӶûУϢģȴôҲû취Ϣ
룬Ҿҵʬ屻˷֣߸ãΪ׹ǣгһձ˷֣Ƕ֮ҹЩͱ֡
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Ҳܣƨˣ˵綨𣿡ŵ
ҵ룬ϧңʲôġԱ
˵ҲǣռҵʵǷܶ뱲ӣҲһϵϣʱ¶С椶˺ˡ뿪Ц
ѵ˵ôҲ
Ϻǣأôţ㻹ôأִСӣ뵱Ҳǰģ֪ʲô֪֮˵ʵ¶СѾͷʣ̫̫߰һһУҪе֪֮ʲôʵյ
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ϲиãҪ˼ϲ㣬ӿǹˣھСС֣иʲôƨԼСѾͷƾʲô㡣ֹš
ԽԽˬȥن¹ҪȻ㡣
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ŲԶĳУɫŵȻǼӵ׷飬ҵЩ쵰Ĳݣһȥôأ
ңұ仰ʵһʱԶԣǰҽȥʲô
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ûأúɣһţԵټ˵ţӻ֣ѵҹĻ֮С
ıӰͻȻƺû꣬ҿ첽׷ȥѾûӰˡ
һλСĻص˳Ѿ賿ʱ֣õֵǽӵҵĵ绰ٵĿųˣǿǸǱӣ־ϲһȥ˶ɢ˼һ
죬ŽĻָ
ҽӵٻ֪ͨʱҲ֪Ǹ׼ӭӺˡ
ζţʱ⼴ᣬһеҲԽԽˣܶѾ˸ˮյĵزҲزȥҵĳԣģһɼĺѧˡ
Ҵ˿ȴѾѧҵһûᣬһԺ¶ĺûᡣ
ϳȥĩʱȻҺ¶ܹصǰ


359 Ӯ
ͬѧǣǼǳɼʱ̵ˣǧñһʱóõľ״̬֤ǵʵǸδĶǻ䣬ǣ
ĻҾͲ˵ˣ֪ͨһºٵʱ䣬ӽ쿼굽Ԫ󣬴Žһµʱģϣٽ渴ϰ
ѧУ㲥ңУٿǰԷ˳ƪۣŶ˵ĩԿʼˡ
Ҫ𣿡ĩ˸۾ҡҡ
ҰһۣҪѾѧ
߸ʽѣĪ֡ĩ΢΢һЦ
Ҵʱûʲô˼ԣٻſΣҽ߾ܴĶɵģҵϢĵڣȥ¶Ľҡ
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360 þò
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лл֣֮ٻǰ΢΢㶣Ķŵ˵ٻþò


361 ϣҸ
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УˣαƷأⳡ֮Ϻǿ׵˵
ӦõģӦõģһеľӢ˲ŵĶĻع飬ѧУĽˮƽͻͽ룬롣Уģֻȥ˳š
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뿪񣬹˳ŽֵߣϵѪǵĻ䣬ԳЦѩûҵ
˸£ͷ̣һһģԭһжֻٵģһ㡣
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зۿķѩԽԽǶһƬ֮Уա
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ס˵ЩûãҵұΪź⣬ڿ鲻򵥣˵
ú˵ҪȻ㡣ĺ
һֵͷƺǼɵƵģţúǰ
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Ҳ˵ٻǿڳʧٵˣһæҵȥ
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Ҳ˵Һ¶ûܴͨٻĵ绰ʱٻڳȻͨ᲻ỹڳأ
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˵ʲôҪļ¼λҵи˵ʱ򣬸˺ɵĿҡ
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ҿǩֻѺ㵽ʱʱҡҼе
ÿһµУ²˳٣·̸ҵþ㣬ˣʲô
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ݴٻķȡֳԱȣ֤ٻ̳ϴּ䣬ָͨɨжλá
ֳ󣬼Ա˲ͼͨģóۡ
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373 ֮ҹ
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Ҫ˶ӨӨôãӨӨúҸġʦ˵¶ǴСʦأ¶иӨӨü۵ģ㶱ܸӡ
ôˣҼˮתƵģɻ
ûأû˯áӨӨϽ۾ǿջЦʦ磬ŵŶҸš
զˣһû˵꣬ϴһʹ
ӨӨ˫ʹһšֻһ۵ģֱð
ӨӨǵԲʦ磬Ūˣõ𣿡
񣬺˲ءŶ˶ǳԾ˵ףû뵽㻹Ȿ£Ķѧģ
ӨӨһЦ΢죬˼ǰʱʵʺܲ˵ģ˵òҽѧѽ
㻹˵ջܵλһҪŤ㲻ûҸۣе㽲ɣҲɿ佱
ʦаͺãǸղŪˣһûѧλӨӨ˵ͷָҴЬӣģҪϵЬ
ԼллӨӨҸм
ʦ˵ӨӨ᲻üءӨӨС
ҿģɰĶͷɵѾͷ㻹ͦأҾͲ˵лˡ
ӨӨεշһĨΣߵңֵͷȥ
ˣղɶأʵ
ӨӨɵûأûʲôġ
ģ׼ûУʲô˼Ҳ
ʦ㣬ʦ˼ǣ˵׼ûСӨӨǵ
Ŷ𣿡Ҷ𰸲Ǻ⣬Ҳûмʡ
ʦ磬Թ𣿶ӨӨе
ӣ˵ô˵һ㡣
ȥӨӨüЦģæҡ
͸ŮķҷԼԼģͬµĻ㡣
ܿŶţϾͺáӨӨҰһӣĿһۣͳȥˡ
ʱչˣ˿ӨӨıӰֿ˿ңµѽ죬ҵСӴĻأҾ˵ӨӨܺʡ
Ͻ㣬Ϲ˵ʲôءҶʱЦá
㿴ӨӨãٰϵģûˡհ뿪Ц
ͷϽ㣬ͱûˣҿɲ뵢ôõĹ
ʲôе֪Ǹ¶ã˼һ仰ܵķɿ죬첻żң˼˵ߵʱ˵ʲôһͻءƲƲ죬Թ
⣬⡭ҵ޻˵
ʲô⣬⸱СͷһƣֵɱңУֺͺˣʲôӢ۾·ķġ
ĶУֻûôˡʵش
һûûôˣ¶Цһ£͸˵Ļŭţ˵ܲеϢûӨӨĸܡ
Ͻ㣬ͱ˵ˣҺӨӨôܣ˵ڶû˼ٻ䲻ҷءЩյ
¶ٻûһŵ£ҡͻȻֹŤͷȥġ
զˣͦõ𣿡Ҳ
Ǻܺãϰˣ˵ô㽻ģеŭ
ȻǵãڸС£ȫ֡һһʮ˵
ȴͻȻ̾һ˿Զȴ֪һߣ춼ûϢˡ
ûŵˣҲһ


383 ռҵĺƽ
һأ֪ôˣҺܵġԵ硣
ʲôµ˰ɣȻˣֵǻԵģϽˡҰοȴڰοԼ鹻ˣǧٳʲô©ӡ
Ը˰ɡüԵء
ʦ㣬ղӨӨ˵ʲôʵ
տһۣһ£׼˵أӨӨˣȻ˲ٳԵġ
ʦʦ㣬ӨӨޡӨӨЦӯӯģڴӡ
ҸСˡζĳЦЦҵͷת뿪ˡ
һѽʦ㡣ӨӨ
ˣȥѵĻӻ֡
ʦôѽӨӨĵ
ҵûʲôû뵽Ҳôá
ӨӨüЦģҳԣʦϲͺãֻԺ֪ʲôʱܸʦء
ʱԣôô˵Ҳ
ûʲôԵ㡣
죬ӨӨҳϵ͹ģҾڸв֪ģЩڣʱһ㣬ͲᷢԺ£Щ޷Ԥϵ¡
죬Ŵĺʮ֣պӨӨͬ£˽˺ܶŵ飬Щǰδ֪ģȻҵҵǱ¾ɵıʼǱ˺ܶϢ
÷ãԼһЩŵķ֧ҳ֪Щҵл˲ٵ룬ҵ֮ĿĺԣǾҵı֣ԿЩڰĵˡ
ܣǿű߼ʣȻܹǴ˿̣Ѿڴˡ
ҪģҪڸӵļѡ
ЩͽǣͻȻԼҲǸ꣬ҵӦôӴ˸ı䣬Щʼδȴòʵпʵ
ٻһ죬ûκεϢͬûϢģҵ
һ죬ҶԵҺüζ̲סҪȥߣȴһĪչϸԴǶ鵽ڣһж޺ˣ͵ҿʼȴ֪ʲôʱ
ӵ¶ĵ绰ʱԺʱһЩš
Ǻ¶ֱŤһϵҡ
ҳһ£ռҼٵĺƽ٣˵¶ôˣ
԰𣿡¶Եúˡ
Ҿ鲻˵𼱣˵
Ұְ֣Ϣ˾˴£Ҳ˵Ŀ˭ҲȰˣҾ뵽㣬ô죿¶˵
ң߻е¡˵
¶Ĭһ૵ޣæɡ
ûأҺܿ͹𼱡ҹ˵绰ϴһʰһȥա
ںͼͽдգž죬ĳͽȻ
ҪǵˣѾˡŭһӭͷ˹ȥǡ
Ͻ㡭ҺһŶͷĺˮʵɶ£
Ұռҵ¼򵥵˵ˣԽɫԽѿһ۵Żһ첻ҪߣҼֱǷ㣬㻹ԼռŮأ˹
ܿûҿڣ˵ĵĿҡ
ͷ֪룬εҲܲܶԲԣ
ȥɣԺ±ҴкæءջӻֺܲͷӣתֳͽǼ
һͷѵıӰűž춯е㸴ӡ֮һĻҺǺڣܹ뵽õİ취߲ȥռң֪ô
ǽȥҪɷնɽǼߣʼ⡣ҵռҵʱۼ˴ļߣڵģŻͲ糤ǹڣڵģܶౣء
ҴȺ伷ռңȻæµƻͨռҵĴ˸ˣ˿̣նɽĿͻأ
㣬ҵҪô£˶٣дնɽɫرĲת֮صܣշںţļٵӡ
ְ֣Ϣһɣòã¶Ȱ
ȥЪţҡնɽִܹˮϺȣɫܽ꣬ҴûпĻҡ
ҿЩƵڼϷɳۣɫϾ֪±ĻҪ⡣
ʱŻŵ˽նɽ˵ϰ壬ĿǰеĹɷȻռ˴ͷǹ˾գƱػӰŵŶյ˷ķзģֹ˾Ѿչˣ˵ǾĴҡ
ܹ˾ôնɽüͷĻ
Ҳãв쵼ɲϰˣӦڵȺڹ֮УҽĹµѸͣ¡ֹԵ硣
֪ˣȥǰߴߣʲôնɽǷĻ˻֡
¶ʱ򿴼ңͶ񣬺ǽ
֪˼ҹȥնɽŻ˵ˣȥ¥еæ
壬¶˵ڶûϢԵ㶫ɣȥ˾ûãֻҲˡͼȰ
նɽҡҡͷͷ۾ﲼѪ˿̾Ϣ£ҪôԵ˯ţĺˣȥɡ
նɽ˵ţֿʼȥģͣĳ̣շŲ豭
ҲΪˣҼ¶üչģοµġ
¶ȴҡҡͷ㲻֪˶ã˾̣ʱһʰأҲãŹ˼죬ͳˡ
ҼôȰӦòԭһıõģĿľûϼţǼҵĲǺܶİɣοǰ쵰
ҾҺûãҰְֶҲ֡¶޲ߣյ¥£˫Եú
ռҴûĻҹ˵͸ˣЩӦնɽʱġ
ôְûȥ˾ʵ
ĶܳţߵԱˣһ棬»ңҾ͸˵ˣֻеʱĿܱܷͷˡ¶̾Ϣһնɽ۾ġ
ϰ壬ʱһͻȻָĻţǴȾƵģ
նɽЩˣɴ۾ţһ˵
Ҳ̫Щݣ¶ȴ;ȶֻţæȥ
ҸȥСʵôˣ
ڸ߼չʣĹɷݣϼŵҵܣеͣˡ¶״
¶һȴһ֪⣬¶һ仰¶˵ȥʮӣϼžҪա
ûݵʱĳ棬һ׸̼Ҫ⵰ˣ˸ô㣬˵塣
ǵնɽͻȻɫ԰ףЩεʱռȫˣЩȫֳͣһļž
һ̫죬նɽģܲĵİɳϣ綼Ƶġ
¶ᣬеŬվûء
ϼŻǿ̨ˣռƲΣıƣ˭ڰԵȴö֪
ֻе˶ͷɥģձ쳣ĳء
ҽæҵĹȥնɽ飬նɽһľżһҲĴ뱲ӵĳɹø˱ˡ
§¶ᣬȴ֪ôο
мϸһǵģǲ֪ôҵܣһڲһмϸ˭˭նɽдʣôĲ
ͻȻƿҽͷ겻۾ĵţ˼
ְ֣¶ź
ϸ˳ңЩɶҲܻǿļţ˭˭նɽģȫˡ
ҽҽӽΡΡģȭͷͻȻȻָԱߵշ˵֪ˣһ㣬㡭


384 ԭα¶
ɽôѽǲﲻշ˻ʧɫŵնɽҪֹȥ
ٸҼˣ̫ˣշҹѷ벻ڶˡնɽƿշ˵֣ʮֵıŭ
շһίӣҡҡͷɽͿ𣿡
ûУֻǱƭ˫ۣµѵϷѾˣѾӮ˲𣿡նɽŭĵͺ
ڳ˶ò˼飬նɽѵ£ʧȥ
Ҳ⣬ɵĿ˿շˣϿκŮĶţׯʲô¶ܵ壬նɽӰ룬һжڰе̫ˡ
ɽҲ˵ʲô侲һ𣿡շԵúܳӡ
ˣ¶Ŀɣ뵽ģ̫ˣҲ뵽ռҵĴҵŮ˵ԿôЩҵˡնɽضģǰյľͷǾΡ
㻹ǲˡշƬ̵ĳĬͻȻ˿µЦëȻЦдų͵⣬óƯϣǿȥģѿ
շЦǰϵģһ֪ȫϣЦ̶˼ӣȴһըȺﱬը˵ġ
ôնɽڲ̫𣿡շ˵ЦȻֹ䣬ѾһնɽǰնɽûзӦ֮ǰ
ͻȻ׹һΣһذ״ӳշ˵е˶ʼϲذѾնɽϣѪ
նɽضûУԭѾжѣϰһ˶۾շˣշ˴˿̳һֻ׺ݵĸϻնɽһ
һļžռҶʱˣЩƺͼҶŵɢ롣
춯֣ʲôأշ˺ǳһذ׶նɽĲϡ
ʱıΧ£˹׷׵ĳ˿ӣ׻λεĺǴۣɱڵģΧ˸ˮйͨ
Ǽ˾ͿռѪɺӣҽ˷ġ
С㣡庰һһ˹ֽýɾ䣬Ҳ̼Ĺ򣬻Ѫĳ嵽¶ǰ
Ҳ¥ϷҺ¶ǰ档
ƾǣҲȰǸϿͶɣĻһҪնɽշŭĿԲɢɱв
ЩѱıǣܿͰֳɿסˣ޴ļҶӶǣеıץˣеڵϺҵռͻȻΪ׳ˡ
㱰޳ܡնɽ˿ڣģŭĿշˡ
շֱӸһƣŭ죬նɽ⼸ܹˣڵóԸ쿪ۡ
һ¶շЪ˹ӣû뵽Ůصôģ˭ϵƽᣬǼװģǺܻϷ
꾫޳ܵŮˣſҰְ֡¶Ƭ̵ľǻŭָշˡ
ס죬ӣռͿҲ˳ۣʱҾͷģҴ󹦸ɣһҪǧУܾĥֻǿϧû裬Ҳˣǽ첻Ӧеصز飬ҿܹΣշ˵ЦЦĿ
ңҿۣնɽӢһͿһʱ¶ְֶԲ㡣նɽʹ࣬Ϣü˿ڻѪ
ϰ塭弱ͣҪ֡
˭𶯣һȥ̡շ˶˶֣ﶼɱ
¶Ļԭշ˾Ͳôڿշ˵Ŀȴ޿κΣֻΣȻûпޡ
޷նɽʹ¶ѹǷŭ֮ƽϢ
ͻȻǸʥ֮ҹնɽȥһСЩռҽԺҵͺ綼ϵʱЩͻȻϮˣѵ˵շˣǵˣ
е¶ɵģҷŭʵ
շͷЦôЩΪԼܴʵҪ
Ҳþ㣬ĲáȭͷԵúǰա
޴һռҵĴ𣬾ҷŵźţô㲻ȣҲһȻֻ˵ˡշ˵˵
յѱ䣬ȻҲ㰵ָʾˣԽԽǾú¡
շģҰͨգбǣǽ֪ǷֵʱѾ󹦸ˡ
㻹֪ܣǵ֯Щʲôˣŭ
˶㲻֪Щ֪üζҵĺ£նɽ¶ӿ㱻ҿƣƫƫͲһţƻòӳ٣Ҳãڸӵľʲ𣿡շСüЦģˡ
Ҫɱ㣬ɱ꾫¶ɴ۾ȫ˿Ҫȥ
סʱ򣬳嶯Ƕûκεĺôôౣڣȥ̸ףοնɽշ
㵽ôʵ
շ˾סնɽеذ׵ҲΪˣ¶ǾͿԸҹˣĻǾѰ·
ÿ𣿡ҷ߷߲ƽ
Ӹ˵ЩҲûˣȻǶҾɱնɽٰɱǣǿϧˣռҽҪˣǵ׸նɽշ˵Σ䳰ȷնɽ
նɽ˵ˣʧȥϢˣֻ˫۾͸̫ķŭͲʡ
Ҫ˺Ұְ֣ҪŮˡ¶
շȫܲˣذѾ
ĵĵָͼֹշȴĶܹȥˣϵɱأٴնɽ
ѵһڴʱһѲ˵˹շذףĽУֻ
շе⧲ȭŻնɽ֣̱죬ȥŤסշ˵շصĹȴҲ˵ã̲£
Ͻߣźһշһײͬʱ˿˺üԶ
ϰ壡Ǹһ㣬ವĴ˹ȥһ߷ڣһֳնɽͿʼ塣
˻һϳһ𽺰ʼɱ
˳ס¶ҧŭ߿һڣͱܶȥ
סǣͳͳɵշһ´׷ɱ
ʮںΧ£ʼ˷Ŀɱ


385 ˮһս
ϰСߣڻ˻ţĳס˿ţſɱ
¶һˣ̶Ϻ󣬱ߴˡ
ҳһԺֳʮڣЩƽʱռ˵ĵģƺΪ˳һڶֺ顣
նɽ屳ϣѾһϢˣӣƳŲ˶ãٲɱȥֻ׶༪ˡ
̧Ťסһڵ󣬶Ŀӣ˹ȥʼɱ¾
һѵս̾þɳƴĻסӲɱһѪ·
һҽУͷȥӵѾҺıڶӳѡѱռң³ˡ
ӵĿſշ˲̵ͱü£ҧгݣһͷŭĸϻ˫ԭ˫ۣ˿̳ɱˡ
һ߷ӣ׼׷ϣȴıסĽţþһ˿ߺߡ
շеĵӵĸ첲ϵѪ罦绨ϣĿѪܵĵɱһҲŹʱһһ򡣡
ЩڹȻΪ棬ճģΪ˾ɱڵ׷ɱ
죬Сߣڻ˵꣬һת˻ȥһȺɱ
һһˣ˸͵ϮģһһѵնɽһһתǵӲͱ߹֮䣬һַնɽ˲Ѫ죬䣬Ǳڵĸ첲ˣŲ˿ӣѪһ磬§նɽ塣
ʱҴ¶Ѿɱ˴ſڣȻźüڣƴڵĳ
˺ץҡҷ¶һϵѪѵײУѵĽڿڵˡ
ۿھǰȴֻһХշ˷źţҲգۼĹһȺӰΧǽܷ׷ռұӵΧ
Щ¹ˣһȥ·ȴѾˡ
漴һɽ˱ҹɫӿȼգҲ̼䣬ռұһƬ֮С
Ҫ𣬾ǵɽǳõֶΣһлҷ
Ǵ˿Ѿ˲ñˣܹסȥ֮ء
ֻǣԭѾģˣȺ˵ļ룬̫ˣûκεʤ㡣
Ψиƴˡ
ӳ¶ӣֵκͱˣʮĵطۿҪΪҽʹû취ġ
һڱҿѪģ¶ǰʱ¶ȻӵϳһѿӣܳݺݵĿȥѪȾƯȹ
ȺˣҪɱǣɱǡ¶˷Ƶģҵ˦ſӣ˿̵ʹΪѡ¸ҡ
ھ¶ǸĹһԱĶʿȻɶ˺ηȴҸ
Ұε˸첲ϵҧڿ籩ѩ֮У¶űɱš
ߣ죡峯һ˻֣ȥ߷һˣƹܷĴſڣһΧǽʮΧ޿ˡ
˺ˣϵϲѪ˿һŴſĹˣһۣ˵ͷ
ϰС㽻ˣҪȥ˵꣬·סеĿӣ˻һȺ֮С
̻ͷһۣЦĺܴ飬Ҳ漴һס˹Ĺˡ
һնɽ¶˿̵նɽһ̲࣬һϢĿΧǽϣ޷߳Ƶϰ䵽ء
¶ſȥҸסˣ˿ֻ̣ܵȴʱһΪһߡ
˿Ѫڣųû͵ܹϮǵˣһӿеڶλᣬֻܱˮһսˡ
ҿջǲУѪеʱеĿӣʾ¶չնɽһĳǰ˹ȥ
棬ʮ˻Ŀ£бҲйˣշЦͶɣһһôΪռҶʵ̫ϧˡ
ҪȻ붯ռҵˡĿһۣųȥ
ʷпɱҲ֪ҿ˶ٸˣҲ֪˼һδεıɣһδεվһѪԼĺ͵˵ģҾѾҪʧȥ֪
ܹ¶նɽǵҪȺ
ԺֻһͷǸѩӵҹһȼյռңһͷҰޣκ˿¶벽ֱҽƣĶȥſӣҲŲˡ
ҵǰ˵һصˣѪ﷭Űţһװ裬˷
ǴշʣµһЩˣ˪ĿңһζӵСӸţҵҪжͣҪĥ¶ھ͸ǣ档
ſңЩ쵰¶ſӣ˵̫ˣƮƮıˣųϡ
ǡҿ˹ȥȴʮһΧס˵ϡ
¶ҵţշǰ
շ¶°ͣһѵЦ㲻ǺܰΪ𣿴ӵռĵһ죬Ͷе⣬֪Ҷôһ죬ҵȵˡ
޳ܣŮˣҪ¶û˵꣬շһϡ
ӣʲôʸ˵ң㵹ǱǸûõĵԶֻϧھǽҵҪжǿҪΪǧ˵ūƾ衣շ˵ţ¶ͷĶͽָŭӽ쿪ʼ¶ʲôǣһ׵׵ļˡ
Ҳ𰡣ſб³ŭҪ̫ˣҶˡ
𼱣һֵ㣬㿴Ϸշ˵һֶԼ˵ƽʱӶǺȥģڱĻˣ
ЩԾ¶ЩǴ֣ȴܲ˿Ŀ¶׹⣬¶߹ȥ
շֱӳ¶ףЩ˵ɣ߹ĴС㣬ΪǵɣҵҪǰǸʲô˵
˭ңҪ¶ŭȴΪʧĳš
շ˾ɿƾ¶ҵܣں׷͸ϣצġ
¶ζϲԼЩ衣
ҷԱߵļ˶ȭߣĿ¶˵ϣǼڳ˹ȥ
շֱˣ̬ĿЦǶ񶾵ģҺ޲һͱ
Ǳ¶ʧţô


386 ޳
ء
һХһͷţӰĺӰ˳Ǽڡ
һҵ˺ҧСſѪڣһ˵ĸ첲һ˦ͷһӲı׳ȥԶ
С죬¶ǰʨëһ˫׺ݵĵţ﷢
Ӧ¶ӵģСܵҳϣЩ̰ıγĶԱȣЩˣ硣
һֻųϣŪշ˴ߴ
һڸոտͱСҧȣҺڵϴԱ߼ԵЩɵŲðȻǰ
СܵĵŤתȫ֣ȴʱ䣬¶ԴϢ߷ߵָŶĵ˵ҧǣǡ
Сٴſ˺ҧѪһ빷֮ȴܴ
Сôͱ뺷ȴڵֲʮһǽӳӹȥСܵȳˣ˺üȻΡΡվ¶
⴮շٶ´
žȼյĻУһȺ˻ĳ¶Сܾעǣ죬ȴȻѾǿ֮ĩ
Ҽȴվٴα˵ϣҧȴġ
¶ɿʼľֱηȭͷŭĵɴ۾ҵĻӳεӡ
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ƹأǿҪһͬǰȴǱˡ̣ԭ;ʹԺѰռҵĺƽ٣̫Ĵˣһж⧲
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֣Ҫģ±ӣ֪ˣĶ˵ŽĵĿһۣʾ¼ŮӸϡ
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ҹʮ֣һͻȻҽһžСܵԺѹһ˳ȥ


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390 еİɱ
үĵͼɽӦþпҵõҩݡڶ峿һʰңĿ˵ļ뿪̤;
Ա룬ƷҲ࣬ʣµӿţڴܵ
峿Ұ룬ɽ·ѣżһֻ񣬸µһУëȻ
ģʲôƵطĻѸ㣬ĶӣɵСˣ㲻ͻȻðһֻҰޡܴģ뿪Ц˵
ú·µġĶԴûʲôһӻңңȴǰٰչˡ
ȵˮĶЦţȻ͸һޣݹˮ
¶һۣͷȥüͷ΢΢ţǳĸ
ˣҲʣܡҸЦһ
УȻ㿴ЬɢˣпϣҸŪһ¡ĶסңҺܲ˼ֻܾվˡ
ڴʱСͻȻһͻȻһ죬¶һͻȻһͷԵڵˣֹ
ã͵Ϯ¡ܵͺһ޸Ŀһѵһһ罦ֻĴһЩˤ͵һ˵ϡ
¶Եһ˹ȥֱ§˾¶㵽һô棬һ߲Ŷʷɹȥʱ죬ð춼
ҲǹͻȻȻְֹ
ҵɴ۳ܹ۲죬У֪ںηƺʱ˹ﰵɻ󣬶ԷʲôˣΪʲôʹɱء
ʱСܾǸһľ԰ţȴ׺ݵ۳ܿš
룬ԷȻ͵ϮҲǸ㲻ǵʵ״ðȻģֻԷȻ֪ʲô·²öԸ
һ¶ͷĶһۣ˵ͷóѣһ˳ȥͬʱҲָһӣʯӷɵ˲Զһݴ
鼸춯߷ɹ֦۶ϣð
ವһܳ׼Ŀ꣬ĸӷ˳ȥֻһӰһΣһͷԵͬʱǼиҲ˹ȥӰԾٶȼ죬Ӽٷɱ
ģܡŭһ׷صһһ߱ըһ٣һķڵˡ
Ķһ볯ӰϮȥһУС֮һֱȥһӣ͸סһˣ˺ҧ
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׷ˣСҺһͣŮӹȥǺӣȴǺðѪݣѾըˣûˡ
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ĸȣӿʲôˡܳ˸ӣȥϵǸˣϴһīɫ·Ӻͨ˶룬ֱС˺ҧ˼ڣѾˡ
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ܺڴĶóɴҩϽѸ첲ȥȴĶʾһŮӹܰܶʱй
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ĶҡͷüҲǺǳģ㿴ǻǹֻ;ӼˣԭΪֻǸģ˭ûƾðЩˡ
ģҿͷڹֻ꣬͵ϮǹˣʲôӢۺúֳӵһġܷ߷߲ƽֵĹȥ˿ϣһֻǹһ£ܺƵġ
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¶ջȥͷ˿ңʵôˣ
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ĶӣģҲµġ˵ţصĵձ쳣ĳأԱĸ÷õŮӣҲԴ
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ͻȻЩĺ§¶ļο֪ҰôΣգͲôЩ˹
ֻҲûϵọ́ԤĻҪѿ


391 ·
զģͻȻôȣǷǰĸɽܵͻȻ쳣ǰ쬵ӣͻȻܵĲݵϣ̲ʻٲȻǴĩĳľ
ܰյİ˰ѺϢš
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᲻ߴطˣĶŷ磬ɻ
¶㺹죬ҡҡͷ˿еĵͼ˵Ӧòģ·ǶԵġ
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˶ͷһѾǸ˶ſӣĶ˽£˾ǵȴһ㣬ʱ׼˹ȥչɱ¾


392 ӵ
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ԽïܵӣԽİԶǿĵǰǲòٴ
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ᣬ㵽һŴ棬鼸£ӵХɱķ


393 ӶߵĽ
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˵˵϶еġ¶յţ˵ֲҩְնɽľҩ
麮֮˴û֪ҽѧҲǸ̸ûйʲôҽأ˵¶ſԲҩЧҰĴ˵úܶʲôѧҽѧʿ̽գֻϧͷĲмЦЦѲҩͼ˺ˣĿ¶׹ֻϧ޻أ벻ͨﲻѰ·𣿡
¶ԽԽգ߷߲ƽô֪ô࣬˭
ңͷĹЦԺҴԱרɱˣϵͷûһҲʮˣĿҩаգѵ˵֪ôѰң
Ա˵֪أҪȻʲôһӶѵ
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ҶԿһ㡣ҧгݵŭ
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¶ǵĻֵšҺ
ǻеѡ𣿡Աĵ
Ҵȥñ֤ǵİȫҲ˺¶˵


394 Ѳ
Ա춼ˣҸطϢɡһӶ
ԱĴ˿ҵһʯѣüӶҹ
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ģ˵ôȥתˣզţֱܼͷ
ҪҲɵĿǰǲǶǿˣ϶ˣֻ³Ų˶á
ĶǱģȥһ˻ԻҲõأ
ȥˣȥҲǰ״ľкأ˻᲻֪ѡ򣬻Իж¶Ȱ˵
ٷ˵Ҳǣ⹷·˵˰ܺܰյԵúɥ
ʵҲ̫ˣԻȣǾܹҵ麮֮ˣԴҴǾͲһˡ¶
û뵽ؼʱ̣ȴôѣ¶ʲôõİ취𣿡
¶ü˼ǳɵ취еģҪʱء
Ҫãǿû೤ʱ䣬ԵĶûСҽ
Ҳ˵ãΪûԹԡ¶ֹһ֦ڵϻЩͼ˿
ٷˣǻɶأܺĴչʵ
ͼһģҰ߳ȥͶˣֻҪ귽λҪ鷳ٶܼˣÿγȥתһȦҪסĲ㾭˶ٿ¶һһʮ˵
ͷ׼ߣεٷˣⱿӣǲУѧܲð
Ҹһȥɣ㱳ҡĶ
ϲȴɻĶӣ㣬˵ģ
ҶĶһۡ
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ٷˣҪҪȥܵǲۣ㱳Ķе˼
ˣ·һȥ˻زǾ͸鷳ˣǵɡ¶ü۵ģڵϻʲôӣż
ҰοҪЪɣȥܲ˵ġ
ѽôôأô㲻أ¶Ŷͷ
Լ̫ѹϢһڿûκγԵĺȵġȰ
ʱȼ˻ѣһǺģҲĹεץŵϵĲݿʳֵģ⳦ӶˣɶʱǸͷ
꣬ٷˣϽϢԺҪءĶ
¶ȻѾȽϵƣˣһ죬Եر㲣󼸺۵ˣҵϣ۾һֱŵǸӵͼȴǳüչ
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¶ȻûҵͻƵ㣬յ̾ϢΪʲôУ©ʲôѽ
Ѿ˵ˣһҹ٣¶Ҳûκξȥˣϣȴĵ۾
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ΪأǶõģŴҶӣǲģСҲڵϣͷġ
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ųſվ˵ԵģǸô
¶ҷ˴ܺĶ˵Ƕˣһ
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¶Ÿ첲СļŲӣǼ˸Ķ߲ˣȻû߳ȥļ
ʱ¶ͻȻվˣڵֻü˼Ƭ̣ǰһȴתߡ
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ѩˮ΢е࣬¶佱Ҿ֪еģ¶
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Сܵİ£ѩҰֱȡ˻缢ƿʵرһ٣Ϣ̤ͣó̡
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ǵģǾ麮֮ǿѰ˺ü죬ʧ˺üˣڱҵˡ
ĵϲãù򲻸ˣǿྡˡ
ˣģȥɹܺٺЦţž޸Ҫȥ
¶ȴס˵Ҫ嶯麮֮ôòɵģǿԱʲô
ϸһѩм˹ǣĴĿģѩںһ⣬ӦǺһҵˣֻǲ֪Ϊʲô麮֮ıϡ
𶯣νӽʱͻȻ
ͷԱӶ߸˹ǹָǣʱ۶
һֱڸǣŭգ߷߲ƽĺ
ûҪȻҲǰɣȡ˵ĹʵǼˬ鲻𣿡ԱЦ


403 
Ǳ޳ܣ˾Ӧµ¶ŭĿԲ߷ߡ
ԱɭɨˣûӾǸɵСˣأϣֻʤߺͰߣԣǾȺʧܵĴ
ûɱ㡣ҧгݵŭ
ԱһϣָҼȭͷǲǣڶұ죬ûʸ˵
ģҸƴˡ˻һŸӾֳ
صһһӶһǹϣһͷԵȥˣӶȥסǹסԴܺĴɺ۾Ťš
ö𷴿Ļ鲻ãͻɱǣֻС椶ԱǹһӶʾȥɣժȡʤĹʵ
ǸӶŵЦţ¶̰Ĺ⣬ѩֻɫ麮֮
˶ǹӶҪӽʱ򣬵ͻȻѿһǹӶһŲȿգֱȥҺѩûѸٵıպϣӲı˫˼£ѩʬ塣
һֻڵʯ֮䣬˶⧲ԱɫúѿŭĶŽţָŴܵĸȣȥ㡣
ĵվ·߲ȣܲŤţ߷߲ƽģӲŲȥΪɵ𣿡
صһԱֱһǹڴܽ£ѩԱݺݵ˵ٸһλᣬĻ͸Ͻȥ麮֮ժһǹ㡣
ǹҪﲻܿǹ¶ͻȻŵĺ
ԱµĿ¶˵Сˣûҵ¶֮ǰ᲻˺ģǣ㡣
¶˵ʲôԱ˵ȥժôܻˡ
ȷ𣿡ԱЦ˵ҲãԼҪֲҡ
죬ȥΣա¶ҡ
ȥҲһΣգҲ뿴¡˵ſ˿¶ſӣŰͳ麮֮˹ȥ
ܺҪһӶһǹϣһͷȥˡ
ʱѾѩǼ֮أѩһĨѪҫۣô޵ĿӭŷƵҡţƺջǰȥ
ҷܵϢصɭɭ׹ǣзǸðʧĹӶͽʬ壬ҲĵĿȴұš
Сı˹ȥãҲǰĽѵҾȻ漣ߵ麮֮ĸǰɵȥժʱ򣬽»Ƿ˱ѵ졣
һҽһ˵ȥҽĶѩӲĳסˣ¿յģʹܣԵĺ
죬ȥѽ¶ĺš
ԱüͷŲæ˵Сô˰ɣҲ޷ģǻ˿ȥ𣿡
ܴӵԱŭ𰡣Ҿ
¶߷ߵҪǲҲȥ¶
е˼ǶԿԧ졣ԱĵЦţֵ㣬ֻҪȵˣҾǣˣҪȻͳͳ
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ҹ˿ܣһ˹ȥ麮֮һϲæ˰ͻȻ˾ʹͷǵġ
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ܣ죬רű麮֮ģо綾¶ͻȻҵĺ
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Ҳһ㶣̫ˣȻδ˵ĶҩݣһǺǸˡ
˵ʱʱ죬ʹ˸ɫҽӸͷſӻţǼӣ˻ƵĽţԾһӹȥһ⼸ӵ
㣬ӺˡԱһӣȴק˻ֱӺһֳ˹ŭĶӣж
Ŵܻ䣬ĶȻ³˼룬಼½ߵӶˣжڵ
Ա⼸ӶǾͿǹɨ
Ҫǹǹµġ¶ġ
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¡¡촩˹ҲǼӵ飬϶һѩֱ£漴ŭų´
ѩˣǲҪǹܰ¶ʧĺţԱһӶͳ壬¶ȴûһţһ˵ڵˡ
ѩһ߹һգͬѹӲĳ߸һž޴նûҰ޴´Ӳʹ
ӶҲ˲Ź¶ˣƴĳ֮жܹȥ
죬ѽ¶Ȼת߳˹
ļ٣Ű¶Ǳ߳˹ȥʱһѩǽ¶´ȥһ§ס͵һܹȥּ˺Х
죬ߡҽק¶һɽ¿񱼣һʱضɽҡݣۿѩǽߣҶܵһǽȥɡ
ڻУƳۿ˲Զһԥ¶һ˹ȥ
¡һǵصıѩǰһƬ찵أ·ʧȥ˹


404 Ǽ޸
죬ĶڰУ¶΢ĺ
⣬أ¶ţȥīڵģֲָҺˣҾӶǽӲġ
¶֣ϲ֣æӵһ𣬺һǲɿˡ
̫ˣ㻹ţǶš¶Щˮϡ
ޣɵѾͷǶģءæȥˮȴָ첲һĴʹʼľ̲סð
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һŶ˶ϵʹԽļӾˣҿ˺أͿ
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һأʲôطѽ¶ͷĴʵģͿ塣
ӦǸģǸѨղ򲻵ֻˣͻᱻѩȫ񡣡𷽲žĶǵһĻҲ֪ܺĶôˣСܡ
ޣǳȥˣڿѾסˡ¶ĵ˵
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ҲܣҾҪҲܿ£Ҫô죬ʲôûˣ䲻ҰְδҪ£һŶû˼ˡ¶ʵģǰԹӡ
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ˣˣ¶ȴ֣Ĩ˵ˣ㻹˵ЩӣôΣΪĲǵ֪֮ҵжܣ
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㻹ǵǸȥʱȴҲԲζˣҸԼҲҪ㣬ȴʵÿμģҼװģÿҶҪ͵͵Ķſޣȥ˾ϰ࣬ұΪҿԼǿģȴôҲ㡭
죬¶˵˺ܶ࣬ᣬʱʱЦǷֿ飬ҽĲף˼˵ԭΪֿһ仰£ȴȴôܡ
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ҾҪһӣҲЩɵˣӣұΪǿģû뵽Ҫ¶Цĺҵ֣һ
ǲģֻҪһڣʲô⡣Ұοȴûеס
ڶҺҸо˺ܶ࣬¶Ĳ˵ˣڷŶһţȴıңɫԽԽ԰ס
¶ѣ㲻˯ҺѹȴҺڲô
¶зƯ۾Ħҵ૵Һأ˯ϣһ̲Ҫ˵𣿡
У¶ѵ㣬ôôɵҡļ١
죬˵ܹŻȥʲôأ¶Ϣ΢ңڴ
ܶ࣬ΪﱨҳĻףһõֵüҲҪҹٻжҲҪ취ҵҵܹꡣ˵
¶ȻЦţһ˵ЩҪģ
кöأ¶ʲôǿջЦʵ
¶⶯ų۽ޣҵĶߣ૵ģǼ޸ӡ
һ㶣¶ȴĻȥı۾


405 ձ
¶Ҿʧı¶һʱ䲻֪ôźãôҵĻһҲϢ
һҾͷһƬհף綼ʧȥɫʣĶľģȥ̽ıϢΪҵģҺµĽ
Ҿô§᲻
¶ΪңȴԼҪˣȴһ취ûУҾûá
˰ĴűĶڣһֱͣȻûκεĶ
ҡ¶һ㷴ӦûУɫȴôİ꣬ͺ˯Ƶġ
Ҳ֪˶ãҿˣ첲Ҳʹ¶һ･ıˣһһģ𽥵ʧ
ⲻܣһΡʹԼ⣬һЩֲȥ̽¶Ϣ
һӵڵϣֱ㶵޷ʵ¶û˺
ɵһôճյȻεӣƯüۣÿ촽Ҳ֪˶ãҾԼҪû֪ˣſ޳
һЦһޣԼΪʲôֹԼͷײǽڣҽ¶§ıñ䣬Ҷ߻˵Ļ˵Ҫ޸ң޸ӣû뵽Ļ
ҶûüشҶȥϢ
ΪʲôΪʲô˵ȫˣҾԼѾˣͼѣȻҰ
ҹԺź¶ĵεΣǵһҵġ
ӣ㻹ʲôȥҰ·ùޡ
˭ҵĳѽȥǱˡ
ӣԺ˵ʶңѧУᱻЦûУ¶Ҷ˵Ļô档
˵ʲôѽ˭δޣ治Ҫޣƭӡ¶С죬ŭĵɴ۾
ҹȥԺҿ㣬ǵģҲŲҪͲҪδ¶ô߰ҡ
ҵңҼ¶ĳȥռұΪ֮ҡ
һԵģһѧӾġ¶Ӿأȴˮ
㣬ղžȻңҪܡ¶ƿңּ
ղһֱ㶼ʲôˣ¶Ŀڣҵĵҡ
ңʲôˣǹġҳϻ̳Ͽֵ˵
ѽҵĳ˭Ҫгޡ
гҲǳܡҴ¶һ׷ϣȴ
£أҪˣ㻮ΪһǷǼѧء
ʲôʱˣ˵ޡ¶šһ£Ĺĵġ
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Сܶ磬·㻹ҪҪҪߡ¶Žţա
һڣˣٲҲˡ¶һ֣ɡ
˵ӣúÿ¶ƯĸȹЦ绨ԺǰתȦ
ˣտ֡ҺٺٵЦš
ʲôأߺΣա
ҾҪ㷢Ķ𣿡
ң㱿ˣ׻᲻
ӽ쿪ʼֻܶһ˺ãŮˣŮˣҪ˵еĻȥ㶼ҪţޣҪΪȫƯģ˵ǲѽ¶ҵĶ䣬ƯӵɵĴġ
¶ƯģԶǡᶼˣϣеתȫһľżˣû¶ҵȻͿգҾôգʹôűĶڣֱʶɥʧ
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Ķŵı˱۾촽ţܼѵߵһȥ
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ȥô㣬ܸҪҿҪôСȥҪôͻ˰ɣǻҪ·š
Ҳȥˣǻȥɣҽ˴ܡ
ܽӹȥҡͷ¶㱻ͿˣնɽǾأٷǰԸܲܰ;ϣԡ
˵ˣĶҲȥҺ¶һ˻Ƶ˵
Ķ۾˴һ£ȥ˻ùߣȻæ뿪һԾĵȴţ˭Ҳ˵
Сţƺ֪һЩʲôΧҺ¶תʱʱͷһɽȼصţ˺ԶԶ
죬§¶һҹ˯ˣôı۾һҲ
ұǸƣһֱڶȴҲŲסǰһھһͷԵȥȫʧȥʶ
ιܰյĳҵ֣ϵ˻ԡ
ĶˮôĿ˶ŻŵĸҴ˿ڡ
㻹վʲôأС̧ȥĶ
ǣôˣεʵ
ĶεѵҪʬ·Ѿ˲أòõ麮֮ۿҵ¶Ϳˣǻϣȥնɽ
⣬Ҫ֪ˣ϶ģĶӣҪ˵ĻҲˣҿ϶Ҫĵġܴ˵
ô˵ģǲǣھʣˣ˭֪ĶԹİ˴һۡ
˺̣ܶһ𣬽¶׼Žԥһ³˵Ķӣû뵽ٷôá
Ķϸ˿¶˵˭ϲ飬ֻǺѹһأϽ˰ɣȻѹǻǴЩ·ǿһǧС㣬û뵽䵽³ձ
ٷˣɱǺģۿˣͱһ·ƽҵҩݣܹȻɣܸͷˡܿ˼ͷŻѣ׼ϡ
Сȴȥ˺ҧŴܣġ
֣ÿ㡣˵ŽСܸߣҪȥϻ𣬲סˡ


406 
Ķӣʲôܿ¶ߣǳԾ
ĶһֻһµҴ¶ϵ˿Ѿɢˣ¶ɫĻһľĶ
ûأٷðɣһ˰ɡĶҡҡͷԵúɻ
һҷ¶ѸվͱСܸҧס˿ȡ
СһصĽͻȻӷѩ֮Уһص죬ʲôȶųԶԼԼġ
ԲۣʲôƳһƣֻ½ɹһЩĶΧ¶ת
Ͻÿ졣ĶЩһҷõԶԶġ
һ߻ָһ߳˹ȥ
Щ¶תԽԽ࣬ĶͷüֱϣȶĳܹʶĿӨת
Ķӣʲôѽ᲻жǲڳˣܵķɿ죬Ŵʵ
Ķ˼Űɵ˵ѵǴ˵еѩ񣿡
ɶʲôģʲôûΣͷ
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ʱʱĻͷܾһƺʵһجΣҽץĽģԳЦԭΪҲˣѩ񵽵ô£
ѩԽⶾʵҸղֻǼļȻͺͣˣⶼΪ麮֮Ķ£ЩѩҽⶾˣԵޡ¶૵Ľţ롣
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ǲ֪ʱѩʱôıѩϣյĲҪӵҪһģƾͼˡ²Ľա
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ͷε˵Ķӣ֪Ĺͣ㿴־һһǶ˰ɣΪ
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ⳡѣǰԱͣӿҵ𣬰ģ´ǣҶҪǣѩޡ
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ٷˣô˵ǺܿͿԻȥˣ˸߲ңһڴ
ѽֻûôأҪһġ¶˵ſ˿ңʵ죬Ҫһ˶ûá
ˣְֻڼǾأǶˣٲȥֻŲסǻץʱ䡣˵ǰããѩأһͷ
뷽跨Ĵ˼ֻҰΪǴѩɽԽȵѩˮߵҲС
ǰѾʧѩأǸҶЪһֻһۣ·
ǼѰһ·̣ƣȣһ·ûʲôΣա
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¶ǣ¶ͷ
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µģ¶
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407 ˭Ҫ
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¶һ㶣ӵĴһµᣬ˭ҪôԶأ
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һͷȥСѩţ񱼶ȥƺ׷ʲô
һѩͻأһֻѩ׵СϴģʧĶСܵ׷죬Сܸ죬һסˣ֫
Сסͺסˣݵ˻
յģǸ˸ɶҿܹܺȥ
СֱСҺ¶ǰڵˡ
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ѩޣÿɰء¶ȥСѩһʼܺ£ǵ¶ûʲôʱ򣬲з¶
СѩֻаôСͷ¶ָͷ̬䣬˰
ӳһڵģôҲⰡӿ˵žֹãֹĶӣһⶫƤë˫װ
ҲŲҪأţ֪ԣ⹦򣬻ȥ̽̽·ءĶûգգĵֵۣġ
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˯ôˣ߹ȥʵ
ˡĶܵţͣҲȻֹŤͷȥӹ̾Ϣһû£ֻһ·ϵļͲףͻȻǸп
㶣Ҳһᣬ˵ȷܼѣʱ򣬴ҶĵģȴԽԽ٣û뵽ʣǼˡ
ΪǴһҲοȥ꣬ЩҵŮǣǸҺöˣҴӦǣǹϺӣȴ뵽棬أʵǶԲǶҵĶ˵ţ
ǶǺģҲǰװ׵ҵ¶ȥȻ壬һһǣǵļˡ
ллôҶڸˣŹꡣĶ˵ţˮԽԵðˡ
Ҫ˵ɥĻһжģҲñڷġҰο
ĶԹң˵Ķûʲô£Ķ˼Ҳ˽⣬ֻ컯ŪˣЩ㣬ҡ
ĶֹɬЦ֪һİС㣬ĶΪף
ĺˣҾôܶܺãӦϧȰ˵
ҺʹܣԵ޷֣Һ㣬ȴзԵҪĶ̫ͻˣֻǲ²죬ĶֻһֱߣҡĶ˵ʲôüͷͻȻһ塣
ҲеԾ֪λӦ¶ľ
Ұ²æͷȥ
Ҫɱ㣬ɱС˿̣ͻȻž޸¶
¶ʧģȴ߷ߣӵϳ˿ӣŭĿԲȻ˴ܡ
ס֣ʲôҴһ𾪣ȴﻹüֹһžߵ¶Ŀӣ޸ֱ¶


408 ¶Ҫɱ
ءһһܹȥӲһ˴ܵϣһ˼޸¶ȥģһ磬ɱڡ
ܣˣͣ֡ŭһס˴ܡ
Ҫɱǣȫɱ⣡ܺѾƵģüۣŭĿԲţ޸һγĳ˹
ҲЩѵĶܹȥܵĸѵڵϣһӡ
ûվȣһ˹ſ񱩵ɱ
˵ʱʱ죬Ҿ͵һԽ˳ֳ˵ϵĿӣ˿̱ɱȻϮתһӣײĽ
ҧгݵĽӳѹţֱֻ۷飬ԭ˵ĸ첲ԽԽˣŶ
ܱŴ˫ѪļۿǾ޸ҵĲѾߣλεķ͸űϢȴм֮
СģŻ䣬ವһһХŴ˹ֱӶ˴ܵıϡ
ĶһһɨȣһͷĵĿ˿Ķ㶣һͷԵڵϣ޴ֱͦͦѹϡ
ֻûɢ˼Ƶģæƿ˴ܣѾԲˡ
¶û°ɣһæƿ˴ܣȥ¶
¶ôˣҼ¶ɵ㶵һļ١
¶ȴ˵ɴӣüۼͻȻһ˿ɱ
һûлֻöϴһʹʶʱѾˣƿ¶ͷŶӣһѵӣѪð˳
Ҳ˼Ŀ¶ȴ˿⣬һŭĿԲٴγҳ˹
¶㡭ͻȻ˵ܼѣָ¶̱ȥڵϣ޷ԼһС
ɱ㣬ɱ㡣¶Ъ˹˹ȭųҿš
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Ķչ˴ܣǰľˣЩ㱣¶ȴҶϰγ˵ӣٴγ˹
ѵһĶĵӼʱķ˹¶еĵӡ¶Ȼûͣ˼Ķ§ס
¶ֽҴҧҵŤţȫʧȥǡ
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Сµģֻιȥˣ㲻ҪҲ˵Ͼ㣬סĶȻ£ҵ˿ڣȴôҲ治ס
ҽʧȥʶԭѾ˵ңͻһҲŲȥǰһԵȥ
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ӣѣѹѽˡϡ¶ĺебˮҵǣ̡ܿ
ҳƤ¶ˮǶߵӵ䣬˵ıңң޺۾ʱ򣬲ΪЦˣ˾ͺãԲ𡭡
ȥˮ˵ʲôǺһʣȻʹ
𶯣㶼һһҹˣȵˮɣĶҶסˮݸ¶
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ԴһյӣģԲλ࣬ңǸɵȣҴˣ㰴Ź洦ҰɣûԹԡ
ˣ˵ˣô£Ҿȵʵ
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ô˵ǲˣҵǵ
¶Ĭһɥ˵ȥ¶ֻһ취Ǿǲܴ˯
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ҿǽӲ̫üĻֻǶɱˡ¶ģǺ
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ģʲôƵطԡܼץģɥĶڵϡ
ϢһɣٿҰοҵ
𣿡¶ϣҵ˿ڣ͸Ѫ죬ѹ
ǿЦʱе۵ģôҲ벻ɱң̫ˡ
Բ˼Ҳ֪ģҲá¶С죬ǻںޡ
ְοһźܵ㣬ȴһֱ§ңһٳƵġ
ҿǰĪĸɽ֣ƣɾȴ͸εɱۿ콥ĺ͸ˣҲ֪ᷢʲô£һ׶ûС
ԭѾӽɹˣȴϻᰵգϣܹ漣ĺãΪǶ̫Ŀʹĥˣٳʲô¡
ˣ쿴ԲۣզôԲʲôʱ䣿ȫʱ򣬴ͻȻ˷ܵĺһ
̧ͷһԲ²˼Ĺʣ˲ƣӫէ֣ɽһĹԣװعĴػӳ£ҹͬ磬ҫۡ
СϢҺʹܽȥҡĶͷѣ˴һ¡
ͷٺЦĶӣҾӡ
ɵ߰ɣ𵢸ˡĶЦһͷһۣʹһг
ǵӰʧڴҰԵСܸȥСҺ¶ϲ˲䣬ҡͷβĸȥˡ
¶ýǵϣ󣿡ʵ
¶ͷڴ˵Ըҵµọ́Ĳٷκε⡣
ģҪ֪첻ˡҹ¶һ̧ͷ£¹ˮӳεӣ
룬ϣ֮⡣


409 ʦ
ôûл᲻ˣ¶ŵĿ˿֣ĵҡ
ȥҳ¶ļЩѵվѾȥСʱˣѾҹʱ֣ܺĶûκλܲ˵ġ
ܵҪȥţ¶ǵ
ҡҡͷĸ첲˵ôһȥأҾҲҪ㡣
¶㶡΢Цһ£ݵ˵ӣΪʲô˼ôãֵ𣿡
ˣˣӦõġҵЦЦһ֦ſӣ¶жȥ
İȻ¹ҫǿɼȲߡߵĺ¶ķңÿӿ·ܾĵģһĳţΪ漸ûʲôһֻûС
¶һѣͻȻüͷһ壬˵㿴ʵĺۼǿǴ߹ġ
ҿ˿ȷб֦ҶƣӦǴþ޸·ʱµģҶ·ˡ
Һ¶˳ۼǰߣ϶ģ˺һͻȻҲκκۼˣͣĴ̽
ȻҿһľϣƺѪһ
¶Ҳˣģ˵ѵĳ𣿡
Ҷʱſӣŵעܣ˳Ѫ¶Сĳǰߡ
Ȼ¶һæýԱߵĲݴһֻѪ֣ܵץסĽס
Ѹٵĳȥ䣬Ӳжֻ֣һҺһˣŻһһӶ
˿ѾһϢˣѪģģﻹðѪݣɴ۾Ǿ֡
ô£оңԱȥĶˣǵأҾסʵ
˻û˵ңһᣬ¾Ͳˡ
ˡıϢһӣҵһǹͼӵݸ¶
¶ǹϵѪӵѸţȻҶһۡ
ʵ˵Ĺʲô˼й
Ҳ֪أǲô˵Ҳˣû뵽ǻô죬һǴ¶⡣¶ɫǵ
ҿ˿ӣɫصôǵСĵˣҡ
ءһ죬û˵꣬ӲԶﴫ˹ǽӶͻͻ
ˣ϶Ǵˣȥ˿ڣ¶һѭǰһǳһŵĿ񱼶ȥ
ǸϵʱǹͻȻȻֹһƬš
ס˺ŶΧĶֻз紵ҶɳɳʲôûзƵġ
СġͻȻòԾ§¶͵Ե
ռǹ죬߾ֱ˹ӹǵͷҶϣ
̶ȻðŻҩζèտӣ͸Ҷķ϶濴мӰĵĿӦԱǡ
ҳ¶ʹ˸ɫӵϼ˼ʯӣҵĴ˳ȥǵĻ˿¶Ѹٵ̽ͷǱ߾Ϳ˼ǹһƺߣһӰһͷԵȥˡ
Ǳ¶ˣ漴Ǳǹĳɨ
Һ¶̶㵽һô棬һԴܹȥγ˷ߡ
һҲҶ֪ǲȷǵľλãֻΪֻ̽еȻǷ֮ˡ
ɣ֪ǲˣʲô׽Բأܲ˵ġǱߣԱǲЦƺʮþƵġ
¶ȻһƣȻͷһȥ˺üǹֱӵˣǱͣ˼ӣӰӶ
ܣ졣¶һᣬҺһǣֿ񱼶ȥ֮Уʧҹɫˡ
Ͻ׷һҪסǡԱ´׷һξͻȻʾͣ
ôˣһӶʵ
Ա˵ϽˣñȥˣǱʣĸˣҿɲȥء
ʲôôˣӶʵ
·֮ǽȥˣ¾ͳˣֻҪһʱ䣬Ȼʬ¶ܿҪˡԱЦЦת˳˶ȥˡ
ЪɣӦû׷¶㺹ģ˲ͷ˿ҡ
ҵͷŴ֦ȴ˿˺һʹһղŵľܶ˿ֿʼˣѪܵģҵ¶֣æװʲôû
ĶأΪʲôǲ׷ˣҿ˿ܣɻ
¶۾һ£ҡҡͷҲ֪ȥ¶ɣŷġ
ܣ麮֮е㲻𣿡ҺƵ
¶˼һȵѵǡģôôɡ
ʲô֪ʲôҲ
ûʲôģϢһٸ·ɡ¶ҡҡͷƺʲô֮
ҲûʣϢʱͻȻж̧ͷһǰһƬ΢⣬Ȼиںҡ
죬ѽǸҶܿ죬һӰ΢
΢㷢𪣬ͤͤһ˫ˮӯӯģˮң촽ȻһЦ
ٻʦôܣôŵĿٻ˹ȥ
ٻЦӯӯĺңϸ˵죬ʦʦ㣬ѽ
ʦĺȥĶˣΪʲôҵҲ㣬ԲʦҲǹⲻģõֵǺ;ȥˣû취ֻ߸ҽҩæţȥסٻ͸㣬ôˡ
ʦȥһط𰸵ġٻ˵ǣңҵͷЦȻĶ
æߣԽԽԶʱԱͻȻˣץסٻžߣҸ⧲
죬ңٻţʡ
˵ſŪǡŭţſӷĳȥһ̽ٻĲסˣõвŭٹһ㣬Ҿ
죬㣬ʦҡٻ޺ţˮģôĿҡ
ô޳ܡŭ
ôȻˣҾ㣬ֻ·ҪôŮҪôǺֹЦ
Ҫôҧȵ
Ҫôǰһ·Ը𣿡˵
죬ʦ㣡ٻֵң
ãϣ˵˵ţӼԼĲϣʹĻȥ


410 þ֮·
죬ʲôɵѽͣ¶ͻȻ˹ץס˵ڡĺţѪ
֣¶ԲɣҾǿ˵
¶ֻּѵץס˿ӣֱ۶ڷѰɡˣⶼģǵģǼǻþǻþ֮·
죬ʦˡٻȻĺ¡
¶ģ֪ٻҲܼȡ֡ҽĺ
žһ¶һƣյ˵Ѱɡӡ
㶣¶ŵΪ֮һʺѪָʡҺһ¡
ѽ죬ʦʱٻͻȻˣ˾Ȼֿʼ˺·ˣʧĴ󺰴ţô
𰡣ſӸƴˡ˻ţѸٵ׷˹ȥ
죬ȥѽ¶˵һӵڵˣĿҳʧ׷ҡ
ʦʦĶͻȻٻˣãȻĹˣļ١
С죬ôأ⼸ĶȥˣҲˡյҶ߻εҾͷҪըˡ
ұ۾ʶҡҡͷ˵㲻գôģܵġ
үģۺúÿ㶼ʶˣʦ𣿡§ҵĲӣͣҵͷ˦̷ӢˬЦ
ս㣿ս𣿡һãȻ˵
ǺͿ˰ɣһ˭Ÿɶأһȥɣһء˵ųڴĿҡ
ҸҪȥͻȻò˼飬ԥս㲻óⲻģǻþ
հһۣû˵СǷ˻ɵˣ㵽߲ߣ
ҲߣҪȥ¶ԣҰ룬ôģһǴһǵġҾʧģתҪߡ
žһһɫ绮ߣؿбһ۵ôţ׽㶼ʶҲʶˣСǸ˻ôͲʵأ
㣬գôˣŵôУ˵ٻϢ𣿡żʵ
ƲƲ죬ΪȻ˵һȥ֪˵ɵ˰ɣ߰ɣĥ䡣
ãҸȥȥҳճɵɵĸߣӭͻȻһɺ磬쬵ġ
ȥ죬Ҫߡʱ¶ұң޺ţһӾ͵ˡ
վס˱𶯣ˣߣҾɱ㿴¶˵͵ĶŽţȻǹԼͷ
¶Ҫôôɵһȥε˵
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㿴˵ϴͺˣȥϴһԿ¶ָǰ˵
ƳһƣȻһ̶һˮɫ²Եġ
Ч𣿡ҺԻʵ
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һŶװˮ¶˵ŵݸһƬҶӡ
һ㲻ֲþ˾Ͳðˡ¶ߴٵ
վܣԱߣ̫Σˣ𣿡
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ӦһҶڶǸˮ̶ȥһˮͻȻˮðһˮޣſѪڣҾ˹
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¶ܣ졣˵һתȴǺģﻹ¶Ӱء
¶ȥĶˣҾʧĺţļ٣ȴͻȻʶʲôһĶʲôҶأ
ٿҸ첲ϣҲû¶ҧĺۼһãȻĹ˲֪룬ףղŵǸ¶ֻҵĻþ


411 
¶Ķļ٣ڴ񱼡һƬţܹüԼпҵ
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ſңҪ죬ſ¶ǵģǰߡ
е㲻֪ˣ§סҾ찡㿴ҡ
¶ʵģգ۾ңֻͷһʱסˣǿ˵ôô㣬ĸѽ
ңҾģ㲻ҽ¶ָϣʵϣѾ׵ĻˣԼȷﻹš
ӣѽڸأڴʱһͷվһ¶ʢˣɴƯ۾Сҹȥ
һֱĸоĵôˣ˭ң˭¶أ
޷ݵʱΣԼǺͿģס¶Ȼԥ
ҾԴҪըһҾԼһǻþȴ˿ֱ治
죬ߡ
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һܿȥЩӷӵˮðһ̲ѪЩΧǶѩ׵Ļػһַ
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ĥĥĸʲôأ㰡ǣӸʲôԧϷ룬˰ץʱ䰡Աŭĺ
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¶ҡҡλεСܵˮ̶ЩĳȺʼ¶Χ˹ȥ
ܹأȭͷĶһۣȻԱ˹ȥ
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ӶҲæҪǹʱ򣬴ȥˣŤһţʼһ


412 ɵȣþò
Ū㣬ɶҾԱ죬ʹ˼ȭͷ˱Ѫǡ
ĵסңವһһСݺݵҡ
æܣ첲ǱһѪӣҹ˲ۣȥҪƴ
ԱеĵӻĻģ˺ü¿ӡѪͷ򣬵˵СӣӶ㻹һɣ
ȥ˻ţһе˹ȥһͱҵϣȴʹ§סˣ˻Ͼ˫˫ˤڵˡ
һߣܺĶҲڷֱһӶԴţѽѷֵģڴʱͻȻһǹ졣ҵֳƬ̵û뵽һӶǹҴ˼ǹŭס֣Ļʵ㡣
ֻͣû뵽Աһ޳ܵ£Ȼȴ
ģյģھͱǡԱűѪӹӶùǹ˵ǻʲô𣿡
ٷˣȥʱ򣬴ܺһ
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ֻһ¹ҫ£¶۾ȻѾժǶѩ׵Ļ䣬¹ӳЩŵӣֵǣЩȺڽӽ¶˲䣬ͻȻ궯׷׵ĶܿѸٵĴܽˮ̶֮С
¶ɹĽ¶װԾĿǰһУԼǰʵΡΡĴӶľϳ˹
ӣҪκȥˣ졣Ա˵ţҪ۶
ס֣ҪǶǣҾͰ¶˭Ҫɡ¶˵ŽƿӾٵ̶ˮߡ
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Աʼ磬ĵ˵ҲΪʲôȨϻ˵ˣ򡭡
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ҲʹʱΧͻȻһЩֵĶžصֵĽͻȻ۾Ǳƽ
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򣬸Ӵ򡣡ԱŭĺţվǹһֻɫӰӾʹ˹ҧϣ۵һ£漴İӰΧס˺
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סǻŭȫϷйһȭһȭģֻԱ׵ģϳѪҲͣĲס
˵ȥ˵ţϵĵӣݺݵѡ
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ˣͲ֪˭ɱǵġԱﶼѪĭӡ
㶣΢ƽϢ˵˭ģ
ԱյЦЦ˵㣬һ𣿳Ӧߡ
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Ըˣֻҷŭ
Այ˵ң˵ǡ
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ô裿˵ѽ¶˼ĵɴ۾æҡԱѾûжˡ
ʱ򣬼߾ʹ˹Աɸӣæɿ¶͵һһô档
ɣҲ뿴ɣҪηˡһ¹˺ߺҵĿǹ
͸ݴԵķ϶Ǳй˾Żѣ΢ĹܺĶ֪ʱǸץסˣ˿̱ǹסԴԵú
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Ͷʵ㲻ҪˣСһ˵һ֣˹һ£ȷû󣬽סˡ
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˺üСʱǰͻȻȻ˼ӣɭɭڴ֮УԵ쳣Ĺ죬ܣǺ¹ˣŻѲĴǡ
Уһźµ˻عͷϵߺͱ˽ȻͬǻҺɫģӦþʾλˡ
߹һȲô㣬һȳһյģ͸ҺһȻЦ
ɵ˻þòˣİ¶ԽԽƯˡ˵
Һ¶ͬ˭
ôôˣ˵ţĽҿߣ˦˦ĳͷĿǡ
֣Ųġ


413 ʹ
֣Ųģô㣿Ҹе𾪣ͻȻþǰǴǵĽ⣬֣ŲıҴȥģ죬û뵽ķʽ·ꡣ
ɵȣǲΪѾˣ֪ӵһѾܾˡ֣ŲֺģЦš
¶Ծ֮ࡣеߡȵ֣ŲġôЩ˻һأ
֣ŲµĿ¶Цװ¶û뵽һ죬ԽԽƯˣֱһǣӣǣҶǰ
ޣ㲻Ҫô¶߷ߵĺǳ
ôľǿиԡƺŮζһЩɵȹͦİɣͰǰѸ˶Բԣ֣Ųζ˵
¶ܻ㲻Ҫ˭˵ǰˣǱ޳ܣҶûдӦ㡣
ޣǧҪͲÿˣûϵġʹʱ⣬ǻ¿ʼ㿴ڣҵĵطкܶʱɽˮȻˣһġ֣Ų˵ţ¶߹ȥȥͷ
¶æ˼ŭ֣Ųģ㻹ôԲģ֪ҾͲ죬Ӧɱ˶
ɱңǵˮƽõҵƿ֮УôǾô㣬ǰòڣҪ֣Ų˵žס¶;Ҫ׹ȥ
ŭ˹ȥһײס¶֣ŲĺȸҶһͷӾ㡣
֣Ųıײһ򣬶ʱŭ죬סҵ죬һȭͷҶϣһߴһ˵ɱӣʲôʸɵ˻ӣǰ㲻УҲУǰһӶ̧ͷ
ұţãֻһĻ·ص˿ѧǼ죬ֻµû뵽ݣҧĵ֣ŲģĺܺôŹ
ӣŲӰڳ֣Ų˵óһѵӣ׻λεǰԣ˵²˱ȣŲţ
бɱӣգգһ۾ŭɶĺ
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֣Ųģס֣㲻¶͵ĺֹߺ޵ĵ֣Ųġ
֣ŲĶ˶٣Цôװ¶ɵˣҲˣСδǰɣʱ䣬ǵĸͻͽǰɣҵĶһˣǲѾƸ˴ˣѾˣ
޳ܣ֣Ųû뵽ˣſ¶Բ
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˾һΣҲԲĵģİࡣŭ
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ϣ۲۰ɵȣǲǾúܳԾأΪǿˣҸ㣬Ϊ˽죬踺أһ£ҵҸٵû˼ˣȷ˵֣Ų˵ţŵҡ
¶Ȼסˣ߷ߵ˵֣Ųģʲô
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֣Ųģ㲻ˣ쵰Ҹƴˡ¶кҪ˹Ǳ˸סˣҵ
֣ŲĲ˵ӣЦſ¶˵װģҪֱ鿴ң֪ѹģҲôɵģҪ档
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ҪסҲУңߴӦҵŮˣôһὫˣأ֣Ų޼ɵĶ¶
¶ģһļٵĺ
֣Ųȴĵţȼһ֧յĳûϵģеʱǺģˣɵȵѪܿͻɵģһСʱ֮ڲɣ¶㲻ôĵĶ԰ɣ
סĶ۾ģȴҲ޿κΡ
ģʲôԸ㡣ܴĺţȴһһߵڵˣȥһͨᡣ
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¶ȴѾȻ£һ£߷ߵĿ֣Ų˵ϣ˵㻰ҿԴӦκεҪŹǡ
ҪδЦһӦ𣬲ģʵǺܿģ¶ǴӦҵҪˣ㻹Ǻġ֣Ų˵¶°ͣȴһһٵ˵˼Ұ첻ҡ
˵㲻ҪΪ֣Ųġһû˵꣬˳ҾһͨᣬҸ˵ˡ
㣬죬ʲôӦ¶ޱ߷ߵ˵
֣ŲİѶչȥװģ˵˵ʲô
㣬Ź죡¶޺ܴȻĶŵĵ䡣
֣ŲҡͷԵģЦҧгݵ¶㻹ǹģΪɵȻҲĸԸңҾϲϷҲˡ
֣Ų˵һ֣˽Ҽݸ֣Ųһѿӡ
㣬ҪʲôҪ¶ʱʶ²ˣæ
˼װ¶ӦȶɵȵȣҲŻˬ֣Ų˵ţɭɭңѿӾ˵ȿأأ
һ¶ܺĶ˴ڵϴҡҷĻҶ֣ŲĿӣŭ˵ɣʹġ
ͺӲ֣Ų˵ֱӽͷҵϣðһ̡
ҧһڵڽΪ
Żأټɵȣϣ±ţȵ㣬Ȥ֣Ų˵꣬ӳ˹


414 ĵ
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֣Ų˿ӣյ˵ôȷ
ǵģô֪ͨģ㿴ô죿ǹε
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ҪɱҪС㣬ҪȻûˡҲΪȻ
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ҡҡͷȵ취⿪ӰһǱƴˣǸ֣ŲģǰͶ¶Ļ죬ֻ´ɶԡ
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ĸȣʲôˣӳ塣֣Ų¶֮ɫææĳˣȴ´
һȺ֪ĹҪӽЩߺͳȺħһϲţ˻˻죬һʱ˵һصˣҵ
Ķӣˣܼ߰ĺ
Ķȴ޶ԣĵһЦһۣȴĴŶ̵ѣĵͻȻ÷ɿ죬ͬǧڿбڶߣЩߺͳȺѸٵİΧͺˣ֮γһβƵķ
ߡܰյ̾ϢһתҺ¶Ŵͳ˹ȥ֮С


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׷ˣҡһͷƳһֻۣ֣ŲĴż׷ġ
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ϹվſȻһɽƵģһǺӾֱһͷڵˡ
ҲԣӣӺܲȥΧϹ
ϹĿľҪ¶ɨ㣬ﷺһ˿ɱɨһתƷӣ⼸ʱˣವĳ˿ϹͿ˹ȥ
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⶯ܿ˵ע⣬գ۵Ĺ򣬳߰˸ˣϹŵΧסˡ
ڴʱһұĴܵſڣ˫ڹĻģʯͷ
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ٵһ˵ʲôʵˣô乧ĩأ
ޣĩڹֵĳأʲôģ乧ڿӣĩ˵ˣˣһ˸͵ϮûӦʵ
ҵͷʱ绰ˣ˵°Ѿ˲٣͸ͣڲԶӳųڳ̡
ᣬſڣʱϹʯͷĻƣŶӻŻŵڳܡ
Բۣܣܸѣ㣬ǡʯͷ˵ҪȥϹסˡ
ʱҵ绰ˣһǱĵִģ˵磬ˣ˲ٵء
֪ˡҹ˵绰̷Ը׼жһҵĿ
ĸȰĸ۵£ӴһȺڵĴɨϹʯͷ㶣ܿϳˣܣõ𣿡
Բۣе㹷ۣ֪Ͷʯͷ˫ڹٺٵЦЦ
̽İɣ˵ɻ
ϹĵأԸ㻹õźܶ𣿡
ҿǳӵˣֱѰ·ץǣҪǵƣǶܣϡҧгݵģһ´һȺ̽ϹʯͷΧסˡ
ֵǣжҵȵľᣬĿľҪϴܵˣΣҾ
õ˺°һϣʮ̶ס˻ţӥһȺ˰˽ӣΧ˸ˮйͨ
Ӷʱɫ䣬æ˵м䣬ŭ˵ĸȣôˣ
ͽּˣĺɣǶˡŭĵӡ
յģ͵Ϯǹɵģб±ôˡܻ
˻ʲô壬Ǳˡŭ
ȫȻûзŵĵ⾢еŵ˵ô㣿
ô㣿ܿࡣЦ
ȥġӻ䣬̽һƹȥſӾͳ塣
ܣĶôףֵǣǡ˵ţſӳ˹ȥ
ӳϻ̳Ͽֵģæ𼱵˻


418 ǹ˲
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˼ӥĺӺѾǹ¾ԮˣʲôƷʲôŲ·ĶţһֻôǱ
ҺͺӽƵ˶¥һӾʧľ˵ȻԵ򲻹ƽӢۺú
ӿݣû˵㻹ѹƽһʺ
ôˣӾҲǰɣ˵
ҺЦôŹƽ
Һ򣬵ôӽŵ
磬ģëĺ˵ģȷ˵ӷ߷߲ƽ
һʾÿһѿӶӵ˵ģҲ°ˣͰ°ĹأˣԶֱۣӴ˳
ӿ˿ϵĿӣһ£ĵҵûѡˣ
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ĵĳſӣܲٴγ˹
ѵһһ֣еĿӲɣһ̧Ž߷ڵϣͼ֮ʱ粽ǰӼĲϡ
ȭͷͼҧңյı˱۾ˣţȡ
ŭ
ָҪǲ㡣ŭ
ȥһϣ˵ԵĶˣһֲֻ˵ˣûϻűأ䣬¸ѡ
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Ŀ˵¸ȷǿ㣬µ㻹ڸģҽ°Ż
˵žҪ迳Ӷ֣ɫ԰ףæĵ磬粻Ҫ嶯лú˵
ûʲô˵ģ֪ˣ˵
ҴˣĴˣ¸ϣһ·ұ֤ԺˣҲϹˡӿɥǱߵӡ
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ļѾҲˣŭ߹ȥҪȥȴͻȻһɧңźüźХ˹һƬ
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Ե˦ǣȻ׷ˣȥɡɽӥŭĿԲľͳ׼һǹһֵܶܲѪ֮С
նʱӥԺܵ⣬Ϊǵϴһǹ
ΪߵҲɵˣ˿ûкµ˼
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ģǺŻȥǹɽӥųɱǹͳ׼صһɢ˹
һȥŨصĻҩζӵХž졣
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ѵһҽտӺǰǿĳڿϣֱ۷飬˼Żðһ֮һ㳯ɽӥ˹ȥ
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źӥһȺ˷ӵϣɽӥѸٵĳ˻ȥ
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һһӣɽӥЩǱĳˣɫЩţҲû뵽κƴһʵֻΪ˴еǹʿһƾʵӲƴȴǲ£¹˭ȴδ֪
˫ԽսԽ£ãһʱҽѵ˷˲˲ٵˣ˲ͱһ׳
ԭΪ⽫ҺӥһβһǾɱʱͻȻһף
˵˶Ϊ֮𶯣׷̧ͷȥͼԶҹһ޶Ŀ̻ըȴһͼͼһһ룬һ棬Ե쳣Ĺ졣
ֻ΢ͣٺ˫ֿʼ˼ɱ
ȻΪ𾪣޷ݵʱ飬ʲôҲ˼ãӺſӾͳǸ񱼶ȥ
Բۣ磬㿴̻ʯͷһӴһӺ󣬼ˣɼķŰۡ
磬Ķȥǲǳ˰ſӺ
Ϲһɨɨ˺üӣҲǲңֵܶЩɻ
мһˣֵǶסԺͣǣ˻һΧ磬񱼶ȥ
սڼȴͻȻƲµǣȴʵǵѣԲֵǣҲӣʮ𼱡
ΪǷŵıըʲô̻ŵĽźŵԤʾţŵ˳˴£ҲһĴ£ü޵Σʱ̣Żųġ
ͬټֻŵΪļ˲ŻźŵֻΣѵʱ̲Żų֧Ԯ
𼱻ǵģ޲öȣһһţǧҪҵճʲôˣϣһлü


419 һλ
ǣ⣬ɽ䣬֡
ҽŲҴңһҲͣЪźŵķԴأ˿̣ҹɫãԼɱһſӣСĳǰǰС
ӰЩֻʵĳ˹ģƺӱʲôµĶ
ʵҹɫ߽ͻȻ˳ȥҪӵȥȴһˣȻŵͽ
ôˣϽߣ̫ΣˡһͽѪڲֻ̱ڵϣȻѾŲˣԱߵһ˷Ҳǳϻ̳Ͽֵġ
ʲôˣأҽʵ
ܶѾϹˣӳţԡ
Сģû˵ֻ꣬һɱͻأıϮֱң͵Ϯٶȼ죬һûлѾܲ
ͽͻȻҵĸǰصһϱʲôݺݵһ£Ȼֵ˻ȥͽѪһͷԵڵˡ
ҶʱŭɶſӶһ棬ĸˣǴװĿªĻڵģͷĴңеתͣԭǺںµЩСǡ
ߣ֧ԮڻʣµǸͽ̵ǰ˻һͳ˹ȥ
׹СЦţʮֹ죬һ䣬ѾɢɫڿкХֱͽȥ
Ҳҵſһᵶ赲ѵһ򱻵ȥһӿգûȫ赲һصͽԿϣʱͷѪһͷԵȥ
æѾʵңҵĶ
ûͽشҾ͸еϮһ磬²̽ͽ󣬻ӵһһ˻ȥСŴͳѸٵΧ
һŭҧһȥ䣬СҪ赲һתգۼı䷽򣬵ĲӣһͷĹ˵ϣͻ⶯
С㶣̽ŵΧһ߱ţһ߰ڶеͻȻһſͣವĳһ
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ವһһХƿն⧲ҹɫﺮ£Ұ²շӵ赲ͬʱһ֮
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ҲܹԽͬʱ˳Ƴ˵ϵļʯӣָ£伸ѷɵײĽ
ǰӰΪ֮һ˳˫ָռѷɵˢˢĳһ˲γһŵܲƣмܡ
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һһˣ˻ûл֮ǰһնתֻ˻죬ӻƤ⣬Ѫɽ
̫̫죬ɵϺͶѾѿڣɺѪͬȪϷɽջؿ֮ʱѾ׷׵¡
ҹȥϲ˲ӣҧӲĴӸ첲ϰγһɵ˺²סֹѪȴ˿ҵǰ񱼡
ҿ˵ʬ壬ɴĿģǵѪУŵˣҲС󣬻зɵŵˣӣڷŷ˴ģ˲ء
ſûŵĻڣȴʧ̾ϢЩ˶һҪǣҰȭͷſӳǰȥ
ûԶͻȻǰܳӰԭǼСģŸΣѸٵĽҸΧסˣתţų˹
ãǣŭһֱӭȥʼһɱ¾
ʮغϺ󣬺üС󶼵زˣǳª¶˾֮ɫʼĿңȴðȻˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ӽ˺ķһƬڶƯһɫĶǹһ´ܶͬһ۵糸ת˲ѵҸǰ
񱩵ɱ۾ҲֻѸٻӵһֻ죬ӲĿҵϣ˶˳ȥ
ֻûѪӿ˲ҪλһѪڣһ˱˦ɳȥҳſӶڵסŲѪȴǣһĨƳȥ
ǰԶؼԶĿУһӰƯţ͸ϵĺߴң˫۾͸ųǵĺ䣬ŲмͳǺں
С̱ϹϾͷūӣ͸žη
֮ѸٵĽ䱸׼ٴνȴںһ֣С׷׵ز𣬾ʧĳߺˡ
ֻԶ֡ںԵָңһλᣬֻҪܹӽңӮΣ
ҵӡҺͺںĵڶ潻棬ļǵõһΣҺ¶ץߣʱһԭѾ㹻ǿ󣬿ںںǰȴȻһ
ЩǱվѪۣӷɱȥۿҪкںȴǰͻ֣ɫӰһΣǰͿտҲ
ûһҵĻһƣ˱ɣڵϣںѾϢҵĸǰһ־ͽҲסֱͦͦı


420 û·
㲻У㱾Ҳ죿ں䣬ͷңôĲм
ֻϢ٣ҪϢһ㣬һ˹ȥһץŤסҵ󣬶ӻڰС
Ҳ֪ģҵ˵ںǸħʦǰһֻװŪȴǱѰȫûм֮
ֻеֱ۷飬һʹͼ֣ȴû鼱֮£ʯҪȥ
ںһʯӾͱˣЦֱӽ˵ϣˤ˸˲ģվһŽٴ߷ڵˡ
һʹǿվſЩ۾Ķ
̫ˣ㻹ûңֻûˣʵ߰ɣܿࡣںܻصƺҲмһˡ
ɱңҵʬ뿪򣬾ܡҧгݵ
ܾǿҪԵͷˡںαߣ䣬Ѿ˸ǰͻһơ
һлӵȥȴǲ㲻ܣֻѵһпӾȻˣȴǺδˣһѾˣûô£Ӿͱ§סˣȴѾһӣıסֱӱӵ˵ϡ
޷ݵʱеΣںǱ仯ˣֶͨζ˿ʲôã˿ֻԴС
СһϣӾ׼뿪ЦԽԽ
ߣ֮ʣǰһСͻȻͷԵ˵ϣżɱƿնݺݵĻڼСͷϣ˼ѪҲǼӵ飬Ǿͺ˵˵ϡ
ں΢΢źͷǱߴ
ͼҹɫͻȻ಴ӣֱںȥʯһ㣬֣ۿںֻܲһðӰһξͲټȻֳڲԶĵطƾʧƾճƵġ
ҲڴʱͻȻСǵ˺ںǰĶߡ
žһһһɫ绮ҹգȶڶֱĽһСס˲ӣӲק˹漴վ˳һ߹ȥС󱻴ˡ
ϵҲʱӦ˺̧ͷһҵżŵˣҵҿѪ߰ߵģҲ֪˻ǵ˵Ѫ
ѾͷߣӦҵأһȭһƣϬĶźں
Ưãһ򾡡ںЦͻȻȼ̻𣬺ףƵģ漴һϷӣһʾЩСǳ
վű𶯣ҵŲæվˣʮָɶת䣬ͺһһſɱӵˢˢĻȥɱ֮
鼸ǰļСüĶͷȫһѪۣѪ飬ͷԵڵأС󶼳Ųǰˣ׷׵ĳ˦
ҺȻԹۣǰȥ赲޷豼ߣһſӲĳȥһһק䣬ѾС漴סСĽףֱ˹
ҳ׼ʱ䣬ѸٿǣȻҵűſӾעܡ
е˼ʣʱٴһˡںƯŻ͸ҵǼСԶÿ
ҵȭϢӿ˵Ҳ˺󡣡
ҺնһۣС˺˼ʱ׼
Ҳʮʱˣû뵽ϵô죬Ѿ̬ˣ쿴֣Ҿ;Ҳ統ꡣںЦĺ䣬żܿҵЦĴص
ҵɫɫص㻹һװŪаɣҲʱ˶ϡ
ˡں䣬һΣðһ̣ವΧҵٵתһʱƣԭҰҹɫɼȲߣһԽԽŨңǰһƬɣҵͺںͿӰˡ
ֻļĴ˷һصĺ¡һӰ˳ҵЩĵ˺˼ţѪ˿
ҽŵĺһȥסҵҵһ֣۾ٴγ֮С
ȥæסңҡҡͷʾҲҪ嶯
һžҲɢˣ̼䣬ҵͺںͬʱ˳üվˡ
ҵѾ˼ѪӡںĶҵˣվ˵ϣͷϵĺҲббģŶԵЩǱѪָСæȥںĽһСڵ
Ҳ֪ҵͺںôеģǺȻ൱ˣΪҵҲòȥֱЩĳӲš
Ҫ𣿡ҵ˵
û뵽ǲ꣬ܿϧ֮һսˡں˵꣬Ц
ͻȻʶ̫ԾҲڴʱд˼͵죬źէּ䣬ѷɵգۼѾǷɱɱ֮
˺󡣡ҵͺһе裬ѵ£ϵ˼ѷɵȻҵȴһЩ˵ϡ
һҵһæȥס
ʱ򼸵ӰವĴ˳ǷɵŵļˣͷģƺЩ죬ϴҹϮŵģӦþˣ˿̴һñӣס˰ͷǰĳȻסвŮģеķɵתţɱڵ͸ͷ϶ǡ
룬ҽǰ˰ɡ
СˣȻ͵Ϯëߵı¡ŭһ޳˹ȥ
վŲһֱšסյޣһವĴܳһѷɵ磬գۼʹ˹
СġһſӵȥǷɵڿϣ죬ֱһ飬ұȺ˼ȥĽУǷɵȻתһֻص˰˵ϡ
Ұ𾪲ѣû뵽ôǿĿǰʽȫǵǿϣǾռƣοߵ֣ҵˣʵ᧿Σˡ
ҪηĿˣ϶Ͻ־ܣͶɣҲ뿴űնݳɣں˾ȱ֪ôţƯػصСм䡣
룬ǸϽߣڻŵͽ׷׵Ǹǰ׼Ĳ
ҵţͷ˿Һգյ˵Ͻ
ҺյͷҵͳԶߣ˲ҵɱ֪ǼͽǻˣȴҲΡ
ûԶȴͻȻɱһȺ˲֪Ӻδ˳ŵĸΧסˣҲ·ˡ


421 ҵ
үģŭĿԲɱ޻ȥһ˲סһˣһһקϰգص˦ȥ
һӵϣΧס̷Ϯ졣
ǵļƣƺҪ뽫ܻ׽ˣҲҵ迳ӿ
ҵһ˿ڣһֳƣ䣬Ӧأ
γһβƵķߣһʱᣬǽʼ
ҺֻӲŰˣһŵͽǱܣںͰ˴ΧǸмܵġ
һսûгãҵ̧߷һˣסһˤȥӲҿһȱڣȵϽߣ
Һշ׷֣ҵʼ񱼣Ҳڴʱҵĵ黹ǷˣһӰƯžǵصķɵ˹γɱڵͻơ
һſ赲֮ĽۿںͰѾ߽ҵͻȻҺոǰŭһɱڣ·Ҳ֮Ʈ
ҴûмҵŭѪۣͻģһɳĽһ
Ұ²ãȴҲ޿κΣҺջһۣһ߶Ըһ߳ҵŲ
ڴʱںͰһǰҵȥ
ҵɫȣĿ͸ɱ֮˫ȿȻֻĻŻߣһȡ
źںΧһðģߣһէ֣ɵڿתವľӹȻǾƵը죬鼸ºҵ
ͬʱںͰҲ׷׺˹ȥȻҲԪˡ
ҺͬľţҪȥҵ
ͻȻҹɫܳһӰһϮ£ͷҺɫ棬ɱڵıϮͬһ㣬Ӧǹ˵ͷĿ֮һ
ۿ²Ҵҵĳȥӵһһܶһֻ֣ͽķڵϣһмܣ˽ۿҪʹɱ֣Ҷܲ
˿һը죬յ޻˻ͬʱҵ粽ӭȥһƣȴӲĴˣü·վȡ
ҵһһѪӿѾ磬Ȼǿ֮ĩˡ
ŭգۿǹͷĿҵ͹ȥȭͷ𣬺һǿҵĶײһײþȴ·ײϣʹ˱ˣǼ˹ͷĿĽ
ҵԴϢ˻һ˫ֳһӣðһƬɫ漴ͻӼƣһſƿնȥͷĿæܣ˷׷ͷԵһغ
ߣҵ˵ţ粽ң£սҵɱУǼѸٵĳ忪һȱڣӶȥһȺѸ׷϶
ҼʮֲҶ׳һΣҲҼҵصһΣʹ˻Ľʱ֣ȴܹȫˣԵҵǿ
ͬʱҲԼܣΪʲôؼʱ̣ȴԵôһǲǿҸеͰûڡ
ͨһҵĵĵڵϣҲ߲ˣĨĨǵѪ˻Ƶ˵ӣϽѾͷߣŵѪҪȥƱغǶס
Ҫһߡ˵§ҵ˼ϣһҹɫп񱼡
Ҳ֪˶ãҲܲˣһӹڵϣҵҲˤһ£ڵϣŴԵúƣ
ߡ˵ֹȥҵ
ҵƿ֣ҡͷˣǸǻǻ㲻ʼҪӲ
Ϲ˵ʲôѽ߰սȥ
ҵȴֹҪηѾˣֻǣǽҪˡ
һҸеܱҵϵϣûйı飬Ρ
ҵӻͳһԿףϵѪȾˣΡΡĵݸң˵ӣСʱǶҪϸػۻĺˣȴҪȥˮˡ
֪ڶңѧҺܸм㣬Ҫ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ˣܹ룬ҲܰοţţҵķиӣĶҲûʲôҵ˵ſ³ѪӲżϣסһҪŷڻ̫ᣬҪ̫ҲҪɣʱ򣬻㣬һҪǡ
˵ЩˣԺ˵ĺ
ҵȴȻͷ˿죬ҹƬ̣͵͵˵ҶԲ㣬ԭӦҪúչ˺ӣˣϣܹûɵ顣
ձͷȥ˲۾ҡҵ첲˵Щʲôѽǻлߵġ
ѾͷҲлҪ˵ȻӣԸкȴʮֻҪʲộҪúõչӣɾʹҵˣҳĻףС
ವһҵû˵꣬һѷɵһһҹȥѵˣ˷ɵͷһԶͷܶ
ã׷ˣϽϽߣϺ󡣡Һ
ȥջ޾Ҫ
ûʱˣ졣˵꣬ſӾɱ˹ȥѸٵĺͼ˲˿̵һӿһ뵽ҵҾͱ߲ѣ񱩵ɱ¾
ߡһӳ鷭һûܹȥˣæҵţѸٵĳ񱼶ȥ
һӵͿ˼£ۿԽԽ࣬û߷һˣߴˣѸٳɱ
ڴʱںͰ׷ϹǸͷĿ׷ɵವĻʣͷƤӣڵϣϣ졣
ҼѵĶţ첲ϰһһͷԵȥˣۿ׷ȴҵ֪ʱֳ˹ֱӽ˻ȥǵ϶ʱһӡ
Ѿͷߡҵ˵ֱ꣬ӽ󣬱ŭһһξͳȺ֮Уܿͱûˡ
ҪȥȴҸ§סˣﻬ䣬ҲţϹȥ
ſңҪȥȵ˵֣˻ܹȥһȭͷҵĺϣۣ漴һʣЩȥ
ҺǲǷˣ侲㣬߰
ڴʱʮ˳Χ˼ӣʱֵסǵĹЩɵ㶵ңİ񱼶ȥ
ԺлͷһǱߵȺвϵ˵£ҵȴӰֻԼļ˷ɱ


422 գҪ
죬ôѽ۲ĴһҵҡҼ£Ҳ˹
أһʧ˵
꣬ôæסѹڻΣա
Ĵ˿ΧȻһƬ͸Ҷķ϶ϡܹԶĳУƻͨ
Ͻ㣬ղΪʲôҪʲôҽ˵һʹ
æңŤͷ۾ЩʵΪԸ𣿵Ϊȡʱ䣬ѵĿȥ
ǵֻ¡붼룬ڵϣǷϵľͷ̫ûˣΪʲôúõҲ
Ըˣû뵽ںҲǱΪ飬ְ꣬Ҳ򲻹ġհյ˵
ʹûڵһΪģҪ
ΪҲ𣬵˵˵ŷңʵҿ˵Ҳᡣ
ҧӲվ˼ۣԭ˫ѾˣеǷð
չҵִڼϣ˵סȻصᰲȫˡ
صͰȫŵжأҷ߷߲ƽ
̾Ϣһ˵ˣֱ̫ˣүģȺ쵰ɶû뵽ᱻǶס
ô£͵ôǵģʵ
շһߣһԭȥ˺ü죬˵ҵʲô˻ţҾʹ˸Ϲȥˣû뵽ȥŷĻأʶΣ̫ʱ򣬾ͺ׼ˣʱ򣬷ɵźͺںסǣչ˶
ǱߴˣҪӮˣԵͷ˽ټʵ
յͷ̾ϢΪ˾Ԯӹһ٣˭֪δģжҺںԳɵŵͷĿˡ
й˵ЩˣҴûͷĿ˵ãҺ˹˼СǰһĻ¡
̫ǿˣҾȻⱳʵǿ£Ҫ֪Ǻںǰˣ͵ڵɽþƲʮ꣬οټϷɵţЩ˲˹ļһ˵ĶԣҪԸĵˣѾǵ󡣡պǸ̾ɫأŵǡ
Ұȭͷᶨ˵жǿֻҪһһڣҾͻǶףѪһҪѪծѪ
ձ鸴ӣüۼ͸ڴ˵ţԽԽǿģһֱǸ򵥵ˣҲʧžδ˺ƱԪˣܹӻȥΨпȥһƬء
û˵ȴӿ˲ӣ˵ĺܶԣҵˣΨһϣ
㣬ǰ˵ʲô𣿡ʵ
˵ˣұߣһ˵һЩֵĻձȻ⣬˶˵Ǳ˵ЩˣϽ߰ɡ
ҵͷһǳһŵĳԶĳмѵţۿҪӣϣǰ̴˶
ã׷ˣߣסǡ˵תҪȥ
һͷԶͷܶһȺˣɱڵΧСǹЦڴּصţ͸ųǵĺ⡣
סգûôľţ侲˵ҪһҪһߣҴ󣬿ˣұһˡ
㶣ݵɵС죬ٲˡ
˵꣬ͻȻһ£૵úûȥҪҵеġ
һЩ֪룬һӾƿңźһɱƿնɫ绮ҹգž죬ӭͷͳȥ
ںƯڰУһζմ˼֮һֻ֣صһӲıˣ˵ڵϡ
㡭Һһվͳȥ
߰ɵ𣿡һշٴνҧһ˦̷ǰԾ޴žƶȥ
ںһץȴһæ˼㶡
ǸͷĿȴб̶һƹȥյıץסǰһקվȻûܰѳס˹ȥصһٴεڵϡ
Ͻ㡭ҿһתǰȥҪƴ
Ҳͽ͵ˣŲغϣǱͷĿסˣһϣŤסˣá
ƾ㣿̫ˣУοСӡͷĿЦһһȭͷλ
Ҳǰҵôˣ˻ߵŤţкţѪۡ
ǸͷֱһȻѾˡںЦԱߵļС󷢳Ŀ
߰ɣýˣûɵŵǸתķɵһ˫͸϶Ƴһ£ҡҡͷ
ŤҾҪߣû뵽յ
үġվȻٴǿվǵѪ˿Եôǿ
ںƯոǰ͸ߴζЦںе˼ˣСѾͷǸˣɲˡ
Цëߣǲ˶ս˵ʰޣֱȴڷ
ವһкһһöɵֱյĸ첲ϣյɿ˱ӡһֽɵ˳˦˦̷ѽܲҡ
ս㣬ҪˡεĺһϵѪӿĿġ
ȴΪȻЦȥƵģ˵죬ëߣһսʮһúֹһȺʲôˣ
һһѷɵַɹȥյϣһӵȥȴְεˣԱһ˾ӹȥ⧲ͷԵ
ȴΡΡվȻҸƴˡ
û˵꣬һ˹ȥһξ;סյĲӣһֱֻӽո
æҵߴȴǹͷĿ˵Ҳûãȥֻǵʱ䡣
ҪɱסְۿͷĿҪ֣ɺ
Сӣ㶼ѱˣʲôʸ񣿳ңҲһҲ˵ͷĿ͸ߣʮֵĵ⡣
죬ҪеϢʣɫ԰ףƺҪϢ
һʲôҲ˲ˣ˵㣬Źô
˶Ц˳ǸͷĿȴȻϷ֣üͷѵˣյĲӣ̫û⣬µҵĻһῼǡ


423 ˱
үġŤŹͷĿĸ첲
ವһֱӷһѵȥϣ˵ҪĹ㣬ǲ򣿡
˿̵գɿˣô̱ڵϣڵĴϵѪӿۿڵϦˣȻǿҡ
죬ҵһΣҲʧܵһΣЩ˵ĳЦ裬ȴ޻֮ҰķģһȥѪһӱ
ҲȻһЦĴȥǷŹգʱôƴıңȴΪ죬ųһΣҵܿԻ
һųҪҧⱯ׳ľٶ۵£ֲǵһˣΪգҿԵġ
ôţ˫ȽȥΧáͺȻЦһӶǵγ裬ȴҲΪǰĶ
ҲʱͻȻɹһɱֻһǺܶ࣬裬ҵϥǻûصʱһѰ˶Ӳ˹ǵأ̼䣬ҽ˷
Ⱥʱɧ⧲ʱ򣬱˸ֲ
죬һ㣬һͷȥһ˸ľ˿񱼶˻쳹
ǰͷģ乧б粽ǰչȥʱһƬһȺƵľˣ׷ǶȻ併µ֮񣬲˷
ٲȻһţʿڣƲɵӵЩԭŵ˴仨ˮ
ҲǴʱ֨֨Ľһֻֻĺӣ죬ɽּ˺ҧţǽҿЩ˵ߣǵӣҧǵĶ䣬һʱѪɺӣҲ̶á
ڲԶĩдʵĺſںţļϣһֱڴźʾ
һͻսû취ҵʱ𾪣乧ĩһǰЩ˱ţ쳣ͬһͷͷ׺ݵҰޣЩ˴Ķӣס
죡ͷĿ´˳ȥæߣϰһӣĶӣɵŵİҲѸٺһ³˵
漴ںһżбܽæ롣
磬ס乧粽һҷ˼ˣҿ˼ϣߴˡ
Ī׷ҪҲĩҡӸ漴ӡ
һ˽տĽֱӲһС󣬷ɱߡ
乧ıϳԶսȻӽβЩӿľ˱ţʼɨսѸټᣬ
зۿǰѸٵ˵ľӰеɻȴԽԽȴã˵ûˡ
ȼ٣ˡ뿪˽⣬ǵĻǹ·乧ҷ·ߵһĩ˵Ͻȥ
Ķ𣿡ҿλϣѵʵ
ܿͻ֪ģҪżĩ΢΢һЦ۾
һͷЩ˷׷׵˴˹
ϽգСĩ֣
ģ¡ĩοң񿴳ҵʣ˵֪ʲôϾͻ֪𰸡
ҹɫͣʱҿǰһи߸ߵΧǽڴſڣѸٵĴ򿪴ţӷ׷׿˽ȥȻ̹ˡ
乧ȥһͷЩ˲ûиʵأ
ɢˣΪ˱˶ĿҲȥˣ£һĩһ߽ͣһߴҺ乧ߡ
ҷص豸󣬲ɳԾʵûйˣҲûлȫһЩ豸һ޴ѵǽϸĿͲ뵽
乧Ҹĩ˺üţܿŮҽҽа
Եһĩ˵ų乧ͷһϰ룬ֹȥϷŴĩȥԶϡ
һ䣬ʲôУҿӻܸ߼ŮҽģҰãȥ
ͷ乧վԱһģһ£ʵңô£
һ֪ˡ乧˵ţӸµĿҡ
ûãһŮ˸Ҷ˲ˮͲƷʾҳ¡
Ķ˼ȥԣȫ¶ģ֪׷ʲô£ڵ乧ĩ˵ͻȻİЩˣôһ£Ҹͷԡ
ʱ򣬷һĩ棬˵ɡ
乧ͷӦһҳȥĩȥĵطһ룬ӡһδſˣҽȥ
·һŵƵҿվźü乧һľˣǼǽҵ˵ͷȻʿһվڣȻ
ǰֳܿһţ乧һ룬۾˿洫˵뱨ݡ
˱һţ룬ϡ乧Ųæ˵
ݺʵȷ롣صĴˡ
վżŽµŮˣϺǹʵȫīǳ΢΢Ц
ڷǽϣһСңʱĩţͷ˺һֱ˵Һ乧Աߡ
Сĳһ綯ΣһŮˣʮӣׯһ˫۾ȣȴʶЩӵҡ
ˡĩ乧׷׵ĵͷӰŮЩŮҲһĶ
һӿһĪ񾭺ͻȻ䱻һ£㶵Щ֪ˡ
˭ô£Һܾȵ
Ůǳ鴤˼£ЩݣžӨ⣬૵㲻ϵ𣿡
㺰衣ĩСֹһһ¡
裿ţ߹ȥɻ裿ôܣ費Ѿ
Բܿˡ˵żˮȥȻ󻺻Ĵӵ綯վЩΡΡĳֹҵ
ʶ˺һ˼˵⵽ô£
ͣұ𣿡˵ų쿪˻§סҡ
һָӣҵոձɱȴƾճ֣ǣĩ乧ôãҾȻ֪顣
裿ǰŮˣЩҼϿţ
ŤͷɻĿĩ˷۾ȴͷ¶Ǹ⡣
һʱƽĵͻȻһصΣл㱡


424 ŰӰ
ˣ벻Ҫ̫ڼ岻áĩȰ˵ţ𾴡
΢ƽһңϸĿҵ˵Щ꣬ĺ𣿡
ܺãֻǡֹһʱпǧǧﲻ֪Ӻ˵𣬴СҾͶûκӡһƬûйͻȻ֣ҷеЩӦ
ˣ˵ɣ̫ۡĩƹ£ֶҵ֪һʱ䲻ӦǧȷĸףҲǴӿѧʱ֪¡
ΪʲôôãɻĩһʼҾ;Ӳ򵥡
£Ҵٸͣͷ˾ñط꣬úİɡĩ˲۾۾乧˿
ˣȥˡ乧ϹϾĳͷתĩȥˡ
ҲȥɡŵĻӻ֣ЩīµŮҲ׷׵ĳȥˡ
ֻʣҺձЩΣֻᣬüۼ䷺Թ˸С
ݸЦЦץҵ֣һ˵ʮˣʱ޿̶㣬ְ֡
Ϊʲôʵ
̾ϢһɬһЦ૵Щ£ô򵥡
пԣҲ
ͷ˼˵ʵЩ꣬һֱһ̣ܾûʱû뵽ݱΪʵǲĬĬĹע㣬ź棬ֻû뵽ְ
ҵͻȻˮҲģҵҺյһĻ絶ߺ޵˵һҵģһҪȺ˶
ҪóɱǣְǺģĩѾѽ¸˵ˣҲûϵ鷢չô⣬֪˵ݣٴαҧ촽ˮһŵû뵽Һ֣һ涼ûмʵǡ
ԽᣬһʱԳ֣֪ҲܿޣǰЩ˴ҵĳͳޣҪΪԼøǿ
ûãûбõǸТӡ˵
ǵ̫ǿ̫ƻְǺģӦΪ˵ͻȻһ򶶶
Ҷʱٴλ룬гһտԼСʱЦǼģҵΪÿδңҪȥ⡣
Ȼʱ˿̣ҵⶾ֣ôǰӵסۿתǿĲĻůġ
죬ҺôţΪҵȥΪĸӵľñط̫꣬ıˣȴֲϲã޲Ϊζ˲Ϊβһ˿ԻžۣҵΪʲô
ǺҲȥ飬ҵûˣһҵһֱǸˣӦңˣܾ˶ꡣ
ԱߣһֱҵôҲһޣһЦ˵Ӧ¸һģͲˡ
źһ裬ȴﺰڣңʼЩİҿɬЦ׷ʲôˣԸΪʲôҵ˵Ѿˣеɽ÷ʲô£
ԵЩɣ૵ʵ֮ǰһ棬㻹ǵ𣿡
𣿡Ҳ
ͷ˵һ
˵ŵ綯תȥҲ֪ôһ֣ϻ˼£תʱҲסˣԾ㣿
ǵģʱʵ̫ˣֲϣֻûװ磬Ǹѩϣһҹδߣĺõ㡣˿̻ױǸ̫ţ̫š
ǵģǸѩ֮ҹҺ׷ҴˮҪҽǸҿˮ͸ĤԣʱҾȻһҲûз
Ժĩ乧ȥģҾȵ
ţʵǺʲôΣˣǸ㣬ԭòã˵Űװжȥַܿ죬ʲôƵģܸ߼ӡ
ûйֹ㣬ûйֻǺ㡣ҸпǧȴҲǻȻ򣬹ֲǸѩҹҵһ˵Ϯʱĩ乧ͻأĳ֣ʱĩĽĸӱ鲼ȫǣȴΪ档
ͻȻףΪʲôٻʧ٣ĩĸӾʧЧˣԭѩʱĸĻʧЧ
ЩɬЦЦ鰧˵˵Щ꣬ȴһֱ𣬲ҺǸϣΪ̫ǿˣҪǳ֣һưոݣⷴǣҪ֪һţȻնɱģôһֱﰵΪгһնԸǡ
죬ʼĸҽ£ȴһֱûе溰һ裬Ѿˡ
˵ʮǰͻȻӵϢնɽȥţϽ뿪˵ɽÿܻˣնɽ˵ȥӦĸӡҺͼûȥԶͻȻһ˸Χסˣһ򶷺󣬼ֲУұץˡ
֮Ǳȥɽãֻҵһȥҵȥ֮󣬿ʼһɱ¾˵ҵǷһǵ̫࣬Щģ豻ѪУȴĻסңҵһң˻ȥ
ԶҲǸҹⱲʹһҹԭ϶Ϊˣ˶ΪˣûУҼǿĻ˵ˮȻ£ˡ
衭źȭͷ۾ͨ죬̡
㶣ңοЦЦҵ֣ǿģ˵֪һ̶ʱ㻹ôС
ļ򣬼ᶨ˵Ѿˣһлü裬ôģô
˵ҲþĨᣬǵ˴ʬպ˹ɺϵǣһˣϵҡ
ϵ㣿ΪʲôҳԾ
ǰҲǸϹˣʵ趼ˣǺԭѵʱ֮ͰƲѼǸҲɺϣһĵľȻңˣҺòײŻָһǮԶ߸߷ɡ
֮Ѿ·ߣҵֵĺǸط꣬ĲҿʼĻǳﱸǴطķչԼȴһ취ҵǸӣʱ͵͵ļǣһ濪ʼĻ֡
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Ϊڲһʱ䣬Ի֪һЩ˵
ʲôˣʵ
һƣŰӰһǿ֯ۺɲ⣬ҰĲҪԼɫص˵
ӰʵóѡĬĬ֣һ̣֪ҽҪôǿĵˣȴҲ¶׼


425 ǵϣ
Ӱκ˵󣬶ǳǵģǱɽһǰˣƾڣǲһܹһʵǺҡ˵
˵ûںͷɵŶĸԸıӰ֯鷳ǶˣڵʵȫǼʯͷҸеѹأǲܵ˶ǿҲԷ
裬ҵһֱֻܴžº󣬿ԪˣӦûȥɵԸŷ׳ԼʵԸӰ֯Ҽᶨ˵
ͷ˵ŵȷҪؽҲʵֻ㻹ЩҲлһЩʵϣܹһֻ֮ڵڰƻˣ¶ҪСĽ⼸죬רˣĲҪ롣
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426 ԭ
湻ģȻҵڡҿЦһĩĴġ
ĩЦҲǹģǷ˲˵Ҳû취
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Ұһ۵㵱ʱ϶ΪرɵȶԲ
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428 ޸Ұ
㣬ôŮϰɫһ䣬ŵĿҡ
ҳӿһۣ̰ѰùֱץһǮҲûڹ̨˵ûôǿˣ·̬ܲܺõ㣿
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429 Ϊʲôɱ
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430 Ҫ׼
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ⱲҲûʲôΪٴͷĸҵ³ڽɼǵѡ·ûͷ
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432 񲻾
죬Ъɣ¶ǵĿңˮë
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ģá˵һ
ˣҡͷհɲУʹãϹѸ㡣
ղŻ˵û£ֲˣˣԼ취㰮զզءҼ
˦˦ͷϵͷƤмӿ֨ѵհƴˣǾô졣
˵İһΪ
׷ٺЦţֵɶӾȳˣʱϵ֪
ãĶϵȥûģҲøֻҰյ
ʲôˣֻ̫ȫˣʱԼϽ棬㵽ʱվǶͿԣһȥ㡣
˵ɢ˵żȴûߵ˼ʵôɶ£
ЦһָʲôǣͷȽϽţ̶ûǮˣ㿴ܲŲһ㣿
ЩҴӶͳƱӵݸ
æЦ湻ֵû׽ֻһˣͣӣ
㣬⻹޿κΣ˼Ÿ˵ʡŵ㣬ҲͷҪؽҪбԸǰˣûǮ
˰㣬ʹô˵ҸҪϢϢѿֵǮ˵ҪǸ߱ˣҪλ˵ŰǮĶӿ֨ѡ
Ȼһ㣬ϴǸɱ¶Ƥӣʶ˵˵ô£ʵ
Ƥӣɵȣӵһɿܣֻֿܣһնɽɽüϸˣڶֿܣһǲ˵ˣ˵Ӻ˵˵ƲƲʼ硣
ҽʲô˵
˵ѹҶֹһôɵ˰ɣ
ƨ˵˵Ҳŵľ졣
Ӿ˵ģ֪ˡæţƿҡ
˵㡣һѡ
ðɣŲ㣬ؼ̯̯˫֣ſڳȥˣһŮͽָӣرƯסˡ
˵˦˦ͷͷƤм裬Ůͽһ죬Ц
ıӰ˵ĵڶֿܣһ˵͸ˡ
˼ȥģ޷ȥһʿ
Ҵųȥ˽һСݣԶԶľͿһޱ飬ͷѾˮȻ
壬Щûҹȥкˮˡ
ˣöˣֻӹϻ˵㡣˵첲ȣ˲
廹ϵ׳ҿϵ˺ۣռұߵһҹеᡣ
ˣϰָôȥĵ
ҵͷ廹УԳԵȵˣʱԻָ
Ǿͺáüۼ͸Ÿӵһ˿˸л˶ʵ£
ϵһƤӵ𣿡ֱ˵˵
񣬾ȵô֪Ƥӣ
Ҫɱ¶ץˡ˵壬֡


437 ̫
ƤأЩŵ
ھֹأʣ㣬ϴҼǵҹɽøʱȥȸˣȥˣԲԣʵ
һ£ͷǣҼǵռҽԺҸ߹ģʲô˼
˸ƤйأҸո֪֣ǲǽ˵塣
һ䣬˵ˣ
ǵ𣿵ռҽԺǰץȥˡѵ
ޣԭСӡȻ򣬳Ĭһ˵ȷʱϰȥǺûüɽһ·󣬺ܶ˶ȥû뵽Ƥӻ£д
˵ƤϵͬѰ֮˶Բԣ̽
̾ϢһɫصûȥôˣҲûбҪˣռڼģûбˣҲ޷
أʵ
ȥʱ򣬻ѾչһУǳһжȡ
ôҾͲˣƤӵʱ˵¶Ҫɱ¶ƤΪ˱նɽһȻ
ɣ˵ģƤӻģ϶Ϊϰ֮ų²ߣԵ̾һֵֻǵϰƤӲû뵽𱨣벻Ϊʲô
Ƥˡһ䣬绰
ʵиԭ򡭡ҽӵ绰ֹ
ҽӹһŮôģ˵ԹһˣƤйˡ
˵
Ҳ㻹Ӧô˹
ã֪ˡҹ˵绰ͻȻЩɻ˶٣ղ˵иʲôԭ򣿡
ûʲôҲֻǲ²⣬ȥæɣϵңܹΪռĲࡣľګ
ھſڵţûãӿųˣŴ򿪣մ죬أǲٻˣ
Ͻ㣬Ƿġ˵
أպɻ
ȥ˾֪Ҳ̫˵źһȥ
ѾһˣŸ첲һգ޵͸һ˿ɻ
Ƥˣʵ
˵ÿı֡˵ſ˿ա
ι⻰˵ˣʲôϵղ
ҾͲˣƤ˵Ǽ㣬Ļʲô˵ζ
Щˣô£
ȥ˾֪ˣðڰͷǰ·
ѶƤӱţͷɫ԰ףҪӣƵ̧Ƥյʱһ䣬Ŀһ
ЩԻʵι㿴ʲôϵң
Ƥӱ鸴ӵЦЦ˵Ҿ֪ģ̫ˣ̫ˡ
˵ʲôأʵ㡣ùȥǳһ˵Ҿ㣬ˣʲôУҪҵѾˣҪǻʵһȡ
ҪĻвУƤɰ׵죬ܿӡ
˵ǲвֲϵ㣬Ϲզʲôղͷ˵
ƢҲġƤӾȻЦ
ҵʱͻȻֲõԤУƺԼ쵽ʲôˣѵ
ôأĻͳˡ
ҹȥƤӣ˵Һú˵ô£
ƤЦЦ˵һֱڹעҾ;Ӧģⲻģҿҵ˰㿴𣿡
ҵˣһͷգһֵı顣
ʲô˼ոʲôϵһ
Ƥӿգ鸴ӵŮ
˭Ůղ
ĸװģ̫ˡƤӺǼ˵
үģǲǱˣպǳһյҿ˺˵˵ĸ
ҵʱǸӣҼƤƺڿЦæʵȷ˵ĻʵиŮ
ȻôƣƬƤ˵ſŷá
룬ȥƤѲ鵽Ķù
ֻ㿴Ƥӽ
ö˶٣ֻ˼ƬƤæţǵġ
񣬰ֻݸҿ
ƬɫѾܳ¾ˣǰƬʲôطȻֻģƬŮüĿ㣬Ǳͣնž˵ơ
մչ˿ҲסˣԾ˵Ů˸һġ
ɣŮ˶ˣƤ㣬ƾʲô񣬾жպĸŮϵʵ
ƤȻڶտЦΪȻˣŮûҵʱֳֻԻˣʱԺģһ˱Ů
˭ˣҲ
ãƤӿҵ
˵˵ƾʲô㡣Ұյ
Ƥӵɫú֣˵Բңǻи˾Կ֤ʱҲڳġ
˭ʵ
ʶռҵӶˣ̡Ƥ˵
ҺǳԾ˵̵ȷҵʶܾˣô
ʱһȥģ̫ԭŮϧģЩԺҿɱ֮Ụ̊ԭȥȳʱѾˣʱ˼͹ζ֮ҾιȥˣˣҺҪΪռֻعƤһһʮ
Ҿ˵£ģģʵޣնɽǺĸŮǼθҺ¶밵ɱ¶
նɽɽãףռ˶ƤӺǿ꣬ŭŤ


438 Ҳǽ
죬ҿڱ£˭أߣɵȡպǲãתҪߡ
ߣҰѻ˵ꡣƤӺܽĺţ͸ſ
ʲô˵ģͻ졣û
ȥնɽþ֮ڰٻͿʼϰ䣬ʱȥμӹùƣʮѾո¶ͷǣСļǵڱùһýƵʱѶִȣ㻹ǵõʱԱǺ«һ͸㣬ü죬ٳٻݣһʱʹܣѼкӴԶѧˡ
죬ƤϲĽڻһҸ飬һʼЩΪȻţԽԽԾˣܹı￴ɻ
ͻȻָ˿˸ЦƤһʵô⵽ôһ£
Ϊʲô֪ҵôöҵáվȵ
ΪԴɽóºһֱڹע㣬㻹СǵûϵҼǿ㳤ˣԭɱ¶ΪӵռҵһУϽʳΪҪΪ£ϧûɣĸסƤ˵ţͻȻˮǣһˣͷޣ
ҲնɽŮƾʲô¶еģȴûУƤӲ˵
յʱıìܣ˺˼ŵ˵ƣҲŲ£˭֪ʲôĿأôնɽŮҵá
նɽȥΪˣǿ԰ҹȥ֤̣ԣƤʮּĴŴ
죬ſڴƻƣ㡣ŭһֳɱ
ɱңҲҪ˵ǲҽʵ˵ЩҾҲĿˡƤģͻȻɺܶ࣬·ѹͷʯͷˡ
㣬Ϊƾ㼸仰Ҿˣ˵ţתͳȥˡ
ҪȥƤӽסҵһмҪ㣬ôӦһ
ʲôʵ
ȢգúõչƤ˵
˵û֤ʵĻ֮ǰǲŵģϣ֪Ķ̹ףУΪʲôڿҧնɽݺɽã
Ϊ˵ģһɸ˵ܡƤ߶߶˵
ʲôܣҡҼ
Ҳ֪ȥնɽҾ֪նɽҪռҲúùƤӷߺ޵
ҺܳԾնɽ굽ʲôʲôû̹׵أ
ϣ˵ģҪȻĺѿŭ
ŲţЩ֤֤һ²Ҹ˵Ķ˵ˣһ뾯ٽе֤Ƥ˵񳹵׵ķˣͷȥúľ
ҴѶҳģʵԽܣƤȴֲ˵ѣôҪôԣ
ðźѶҵŲ˵ģ
Ҳ֪ϾտƾأΪ˵Ǽ٣ҷʵ
˼Ƭ̵Ҿ滰ûҪѣαأ
Ҿúܻҿյ
ʵʱܲпᣬҶϰ˷ǾðܣƤ˵һģȷܹˣԱܶˣӦǴγ¡ý͵
һ治֪ôˡε
㻹ȥ°ɣϾǵˣԭ̸̸ٻİӣеæˡúͬĿҡ
ٻİͻˣʵ
ȻûУǰǸӰ֯ˣƺЩҪ˵ڹˣͺӲϢһ֪ͨ㡣˵ңοĳЩ꣬ϣס
ҿЦһ£ȥʱ겻ſڵţüۼŷǡղƤӵһ˵кܴӰ졣
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ѵĲµ٣̽
ճһµҲ֪
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ʲôʵģѵǻ治׽ܣղΪȻ
µ¶Բסˣֻ˵ҲǲǣԲ
˵ʲôСǲǷˣޱȵ𾪣;סҵ졣
侲㣬ҲǹƭģʵǱƲѡæϣµҾֻҪŶչƽҰǰǸĻ˵˳
ղסˣߺ޵Ŀҵ죬ôңΪʲôƭң𣿡
Ͻ㣬ңҲǹģҡ״ΣͻȻܡ
죬ҵĺõܵܣҲţҪȥ裬Ҫ׿˵۾ģת˳æںȥ
ÿҪ衣շƵģеҵž죬ĳ˽ȥ
ڵģĿ˿ңûҿڣվ˵裬˵ҵǲģ
⣬ôˣżʵ
裬Ҷ߽ˣ֪ǼˡҺܰգȴ֪Ǻá
ĬƬ̣̾Ϣһͷ˵ǲģѾ㵱ŮˣҪ뿪㡣
ⲻģ裬Һòҵ㣬ΪʲôҪ˵ܼҴûп޹ֹʲôתͳܡ
ȥ赣ǵ
Ͻ㣬׷ȥסյҪʲôأ侲㡣
Ҫô侲ΪʲôҵõʧȥҲ˵ҵ֣塣
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Ѹٵ·˳ߺ޵˵ţҪ׵Ū⵽ô¡
ޣȥæգͻȻģܲζ
һĻ֮䣬ָôԣصǰ
գһ·϶ܳĬȴǽȭͷҴûпı顭


439 ¶ҵδ
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û£ġһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôãȴѾնɽķȥˡ
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նɽڴϣԵЩԾ˵ʲô𣿡
ʲôϵֱ˵ʵ
նɽ񣬴ôҲϲֻտ˵ͻȻø
˶Բԣղĵʵ
Ͻ㣬ǸأͼȰ侲Щ
ңʵϰ壬㲻˵͵Ĭˡ
նɽ˿ңɵĵͷô˵ô֪ģ
ҵģƤӣʲô˵ˡҽ͵
նɽ̾ϢһɬһֱҵһĽᣬöˣҶԲĸŮ
ô˵һŮˣʵ
ǵģϧûüȳĸŮնɽȻŻںޡ
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նɽ˵ţ̧ͷգһƺֹ
մ˿̺ȻѾоˣҡҡͷôܣ㲻ΪŮɣ
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ҵ˹ˡʱһͽŻ㱨
ҳȥ̣Դҹ˺ڿԽĲˡ
̣ҸϽ̷ӡ
ϰ壬Щ𣿡˵ʱЩԣܲϣƸ
öˣܿˡնɽüۼ͸һ˿˺ϧ
Ǿͺá˵ҵʲô°ɣ
ҿ˿գµ񣬱Ҫˣ͵̣֤һ飬ϣܹ˵Щ𣿡
ƺˣ˿նɽգͷ˵ɣء
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ⷬѾ׵ˣԭƤһ˵Ķġ
ʵôΪʲôǸս㣬ȴûи壿
ǰΪʲôûиңΪʲôһֱҵڣնɽܾȡ
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ϰҲ֮ҲˣҲǺ¡Ȱ
գԲԭ𣿡նɽ˵գ͸Żںޡ
յʱıԵúţҡͷôأǲڱƭң𣿡
գ˵ĶģһֱţһʼΪسŵԽǵԽǲ֪ò˵ο˵һãµҲˣˣռҲǸŮٲϣҲֻ֪ˣûͷᣬҾȫ˵ˡĳ˵
ʦôôʵմʧɫҡͷ
̿ĵ˵ʵҪǻţи֤
㣬᲻ǵǸʵ
óǸʵ𣿡
ԵģĸģΨһĶ̿ͷ
նɽǸ͸ĶûģգҵŮҿҵˣЩһֱڿѰңû뵽ȴǰ̫Ϳ
Ҳţ㲻ҵҵãǶƭҡȻϽʵ
˵Ҳ޷ܣһҺգûκѪԵϵĲǽˣһرӣġ
壬ⶼģ׷ʲôʵ
նɽ۾е죬̾ҲԣҹĸŮ
죬նɽĽĹյĹ
նɽ˵ʮǰҵһ𴳵ʱնɽʶ¶ĸమ˻ԼڽǰնɽһżȻĻᣬʶյĸͶϣܿ׹ȻʱնɽֻһʱԣºǾᡣ
ھҵ˼նɽѡھ˻񣬿Ǿʱҵնɽ˺ӣҲڵա
նɽ޿κΣϹȥʱɽѾбȽϴնɽȰһǮõѾİնɽϣŮˡΪİնɽһĵƤȥ
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Ӧøлø磬ôԭֻҲףôնɽ
Ƥ˵ƺбʲôԭأɻ
նɽǳ鴤һ£˵ݣ˶ٵ֮ҵĴգϣԸһˡĻᣬҲңǲϣҡ
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գȻ˵ˣ㻹ʲôùǵ𣿡ʵ
ҪʱȥӦƲƲ죬۽Ƿ⡣
նɽȰĿ˵ʲôȴ֪˵Щʲôã˵ǸİˣһӳΪԼףȻ޷ܡ
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ԽԽˣֱһ㡣տЦſңӡ
ûһ̵飬ҴסˣͻȻ˸ҿ˸޴Ц
ѵһ죬һͷһſڣ¶еҩ޵ڵϣˤķѣ۾ŵĿǡ


440 ϲ
ⲻܣΪʲô¶۾ҧ촽Եرί
¶ʵǰְֶԲ㣬ǹԣǲΥģղδޣڿʼܹһ𣿡նɽ˵
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¶ңһһٵʵ죬Ҳ𣿡
¶ҡҿ˿գͻȻ֪룬ǵģҸô
֪ˣҲΪ㡣¶Թңա
ϰ壬δ̫ͻȻ˵㣬úиӦĹ̰ĳȰ
նɽ̾ϢһԼͷֲԵҵĳͷҵĴҹ˴ңھǸˣʲôʸ˵Щء
Ҳ̾ģյգµأ
Ҳ֪Һ죬ǡֹһۣƺл
˵ʵһֱյģȻҺ¶ô࣬ϣȫ˵ﻰ
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˵ҵԭµģ飬϶֧ҵҪȻӦҺղ׽ˣǲŷ֣ǰĬ˰ɣҪȻôҿѧʱȥռأ
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㣬ʲôȰ
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Ҳ֪Ҫǲ˵һֱΪҵܵܵġε
ʵ翴ˣѧУʱͶôڲͬÿװνʵҸоĵֻԼ̫¶С죬˸С
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ɽӥ͹ͷе̾Ϣǳĵͷӣ˿һͷԵڵˡ
бõĳͷţôţ˳ȥ˲ϵѪ˻ȥĳ
棬է֣Ķۣ͸Уˣһڴ


444 ¶Ҫ
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ҳ濴˿ʵڸ٣
ǰˣɫСô㣿ʵ
ͣԷʲô˵ų濴кüβ棬һɫĳĸšϸѷ˵ĳ࣬ñӺģ
ӿͣ˳עû뵽Ҳͣһġ
գһʲôӰյ
˿ȥ˵
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ʲôǸɶӰ˾һۡ
˾˶࣬еţ˵ҪǵġǸҸŵġ
˵㳵Ķˣһֲŵ
ղˣͣһͣͷûˣǾ͹ˡ˾ε
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ֻôһ׺ͨĻɫ£īñӡⲻ˿ġ˾ҡҡͷ˵
Ĵûзˣɵͷˣŵ˲˼һᣬ߰ɡ
Ӽ˾ˣհ̫ţ˰ɣҶûпôӳϳȥģ㿴𣿡
ûп˲򵥡ҡҡͷзɻǵ˵Ļ־Ժܿ£ΪʲôҪĸأ
磬Ķ㡣ϳ󣬺ʵ
ȥϽ֡˵
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ãӰֻ͵͵Ϯ£ҵϣ뱨ء˵
磬ڵ֣Ƹ㲻ӮںͻȻʵ
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İɣǻֵӥﱻˣҹƲöãͶõ˻ԽԽģʱ׳ģŰӰжţȡӺڴ˵
ҿɬЦӰĻҪ£Եģȡֻºס
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ԵģЩ治Ҫͻ͵Ϯб浶ǹɣڵ˼˵ϰˣһ˭Ӯ˭ءӲ
ֻϰ̫ˡ˵
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ҡͷüָָȺ𣿸㲻ǾУʱҲ˵
ҿ㲻ҪңɲĵӾ硣ӳԾ
ѵٻôʧٵ𣿻ҵôģ֣ŲģշˣռҶԻһ֪ǵʵҽ͵
۾Բˣ˵հô˵漸ء
ҪСģҵĻõǶ㣬ӥ֮󣬿϶вµģҪߵ·ܳ˵
֪磬ˣͣ𣿡Ӳ˷١
ҵͷ˳Ĵ˿ڽֱͣźӿˣҿ˿ֱߵƺţߵһǰ˿ʱ䣬ʼš
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㶣ͳǮݸСŮӹǮЦӯӯģݸһȻڶͣóһʾҹȥ˵ޣҸ˵
Щ⣬ͷȥҶߵ˸ҵأһҪ
˭ģʲôӣҳԾ
СŮҡҡͷϸ˵˼Ҳ֪أ壬ž
ǲһǣݵ˼ŵģʵ
֪Һö㡣СŮ
Ķʲôʱ򣿡ҸϽʵ
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ڴʱͻȻеϮһ磬ɰת󳷼ವĵ˹ȥ
žһȻһҽУһȥˣ˵вʲô
һȻεô㰡֪һ͵͵ġ
ҿĶ֪㷴Ӧô죬аСӣ̵İɣôţƣź׵˵
ţȸһûأҸղһĻѾˡҿЦá
ļٵģǰ;ӹȻûˡ˵ŵһ֧̣ʾ⵽ȥ˵
զˣģҲ
Ĵ˳˵գ±ˣӰ̫Ŀˣ޿ײ룬㲻þǸء
Ҳôá˵ŵͷȥһϵ꣬Ϻ
ҲԼõȥëߣڵϣȡ
룬ֽݸʵ㿴ʲô˼
ҿڿ㣬˭ֽϵּñֽϵǩƴճģ޼ѰȻ޴Ӳ
Ҳ֪ҵյʾˣһסǸĹ֮󣬵ڶҴùȳ¶֮󣬶һΣһСŮҵģСŮȻֻ֪Ǹȵģ˵˵᲻ͬһˣ˵
ͷͷƤм˴ָף˼һĸȣװŪģҿ϶ʲô˵£ҪȻô͵͵ģֻΪʲô׹ˣ
Ҳ֪û῿ˣŽ˸СŮ͹ҷ
⻰ʲô˼ʵ
ֻƲ⣬ֻǵѣһ㲻塣Ƶ
ˣô㼸ѡ˵ųԱ֣ϸ㣬ʼ̻
Ұһۣ˵ôֺܾûгԹˣ
˵ˣǵǮҲ²˰æ㲻᲻ðɣŶ
Унչ𣿡ʵ
ܣѣжǿܻջ񡣡ĨĨ죬ֵҵ֧Ԯأ
ˣҿɴ绰йˡζ
ʲô̰𣿡һȻӡ
ЦЦѵ绰˳ȥ˵Ѿ׼ˣ͵ˡ
ûһſˣһŮˣβ裬޵͸ϬĹɨһֳȻǱˣǷá
ˣŮ٣ĺ𣿡¶ڵ鸴ӵĳô˸к
ƳһۣһֱܹӳȾܡ


445 мֵ
վסҿɲˡýһһ͵סȥ·һɨȹȥĵģһͷԵȥ
˲ڵϣ˵ѽҪˣҪġ
㲻ǺܻҿĶܡ˵ϰԵȥǺȻǱװ֣ûдҲûдϡ
ܱߵıŤס˸첲ȻܵĹ˿ͿʼײʲôģȻҲϰ塣
𼱣һᡣ޿κεóǮϰ壬˵˵ģѷú˳ȥ
ϣ㣬ģ˰ɿҡɥһ
죬㵨ӲСһؾһˡһޡͦϢ١ߺ졣
ٺЦɶŮ٣һ¹һ°㻹벻ưˣ
ҵȻưˣץȥӾͿԽˣ˵
ιιҸвУҵæȰ
ɴһƨϣµˣĵ¿ηΣʲô֪Ҫġ
Щƣҵ㵽׸ʲôҾ㣬㲻˵һߡ
Բǲ뱻Ӱ˷֣ҽ
ʲô˼æ𼱵ԼҪ˵㡣û˵
ͷģϴҵң˵йذӰҪ֣׽¿֧ԮôǾԲԣҪ֯ҾͺԼ棬һԲߣ㵹Ǻãһ͸ʲôУܷܲݣ
㶣һ۵ãڿʱ˵ʲô֪Ļҿɲұ֤ȥ֡
ι۰װģ˵
һ£˵磬ͲҪװˣҪö˵ʱץˣ㻹ëߡ
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ԥһһϳȥ
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æ˵ҿͲ˰ɣԼ˻㣿
ǹأӦףŮǶӳ˵һ֣Χ˹
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Ҽòգղʲôʲôʵ飬ʲôһС飿
ҿˣҲϹɵİĴ˳µ˵
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˵СĶһҡڵ˹ȥ˵ţԼˡ
šһ˺˵
ûгԷɡѿڶ
ţ˵˵ǵʲôˣ˵̽ӳ˳ɱڵľҪ֡


446 ʿ
ţ嶯ʲôú˵ɶֶŵأȰ˵
ٲ˵ʵǿɾͲˣôģһŭ
ҿԾֻ¶˰ɣͷöһۣʹ㶯ˡ
ͷ̽ǿ˰ɣ
ϻǸǰģ˵͸һˡһ˺ǳ
ҰһѺʲôɵһе鷳ˣƱػݾߵġ
˵Ҹղֻ̽һǣǣλǵһСļߣΪǵİȫڼ䣬Ҿ͹ġɷнµ˵
һ˺ɵĿǡһµڰҪˡ
㶣գһ۾һɫ˵ǽ
ļ˻࿴һۣ˵ͷ˵ȻԼˣǽȥɣ롣
Ұɿһǰ·ǽһţ֮ǰ׵ĻױǵĻᱻϳһ·Ͻ䱸ɭϣľйغţȻⲻЩšﵽǸʲôģΪʲôҪ͵͵أ
롣ǹ˵ǱȽϵĿ
ǸͲ鷳ˣԼȥͿˣٻᡣ˵ţˣɿģҸǣղϹɵģϴ͵ˣհ
ϴνûУһһ߿档
˼װĳߡСֹһĶҴȥأһҾͲôˡ
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ѾϢˣǻᰴжġ˵
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ҪϼôˣһôǷ˵
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װµģ΢΢ͷһȥ¥ü䣬Ƿյţÿ涼غš
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ΪսپҾգһʱƳһſڵĹˣ˵Ŵ򿪣ҪȥǵһСˡ
һСûȨޣǵǱߣ㲻ɣǸ˺ɵ͸߿ҡ
ޣߴˡҹ̧ͷ˿סطתָķǸǰ編ƣ˵ǵһСˣҪȥ
ǹ
ǽһ
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ЩԼǵĿˣϸĹ۲һɸеĿġ
ֻвٵĲӺͻǻŸɫҺ壬ʲôѧҩˮҶȫУǲĶȴǴĿĵģǷٰ
Ҳµû˽ʲôоЩ岻֪ǴĶģǲ̵ֶΣֻǰ˭ץġ
ҪоʲôأҽѧϵĻǻѧϵģʱеգԼûѧʲôרҵ֪ʶ¶ͺˣɼ㣬ͨѧҽѧҲЩıס
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һ˵ղŹģûüϤǴǱߵġ
ıߣǳǽ鳤ʵ
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УѾ˳оˣǸϲĽչأɹģؼȽϵ죬ԺҪѧϰ鳤˵źʲôָżӵҺǻ˽һʱоģѾͶʹãĿǰЧظðɣϴȥֻᣬҹĦǾʾס
ޣ𣬻Сȫ˵ʲôֻڷܡ
Թ˵ļͻ豸ûȽ˻Ըҽûʲôɣ
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ѽȻ鳤˵İƣͣһλǱɹоԱǽоĵã˳һ¡
ڵͷоһȺ̻عͷң˵˿ᣬû뵽˲žǶ࣬˵˻ͻء
۷׷׵ģȻڴĿңʱǸ鳤ޣûء
ҽȽһᡣҲ˵©죬ұһ֣̹ơ
ʿãӭ㣬ڴ鳤˵ĸ֡
ʱһо˵ʿȻɹģ϶вȽĵᣬ˵ǵļģһֱһƿ
оóһװһ˵࣬˵һȫĻϲƵģȻǫʿоӦѾ˰ɣָ̡
ҿˣҸ֪˵ʲôЩרҵʲôѧԪأһ㣬Щ֧⣬ʵҲرľͨҽѧϰ
㶣ƺţ鳤æʿ̫ǫˣҸɣէ϶ЩģǼȻΪ֯ģӦùͬѧϰߣȡɹı硣
ǰʿͽһɣȻ϶ġоߴߴ
Ҳɽˣզأһڿ϶Ҫ¶ݣһͷ˿ĺüˣڳ߿һʱЩ֪ˡ


447 ˵
˼֮ǰҲûʲô׼еͻȻҺ
ûϵġ㽲ɣʿһΪо鳤ڴ˵
˼һﲻǾ֮أͻȻŶӣԵú
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һ룬ЦݾͽˣתȾܡһͷһѽոȥȻ˼ʮˣ̺͹Ǿͷ˹
һʱǵ⽣ӰವɱֱܶҺӲƴӵһƣ̳ſڳˡ
ĸȣôôˣˡ˽ڹ˺棬ǹȻѾͬļˣͷѪע
ҳһһ赲һ˵߰Ͻţҵĵ֧Ԯ
˵Űѵ绰Ӹͷæҵİ绰ͻȻյĺһհûźŰ
ôܣѵǱεˣ˵ž͸еһֻˣһ赲ˣʱһȺѾƽɱ


448 ʿƻ
ԲۣסˣСӡë߰ۿͷһƿˣȾܡ
һݺݵһ˵ţѪȴվȻĶŽˡ粽ӭȥչ˷ɱ¾
գС𣿡ͷҲ߷ɱڵϳ˼̣Ź˾ӹȥȻųߴߺԵģӸƴˣŪ㣬ϡ
û¸Ҷãתʱһ˻һŸ첲ҺҲˣһ˾Ϳʼⲫսڵϴ˹
ۿһҪ͵ϮһͷָһӣѵһĽṉ̀ɣͷһµҿСӣù򡣡
Ҽ򣬴˿뵽ҹЩ׷ɱҵΣҵΧŭ˿Ƶɱͣ
ǵģҸûҪˣ̫ˣҪƴһģôưոݡ
Ҵ˿̾һͷҰޣµǿѵıܣһ·񣬵Ϻܿͺ˵һƬˣܹܵǶҵļɵʼûǰôңΧҴת
ģйĸȣ򡣡¶Żڵӵ˫ֳһѿӣұűȻЦŭһȥ
˿ͻȻ𲻾ǰ죬ĹǱ׷ϣˮ˵Щ
ǵģҪȥֻ־͵ӣض
ҺһβսɱķˮѪ죬ǻͨĿһʱǰĹԽԽ٣⡣
ҲʱȻҸе˲ԾֻһͳŭһűˣӣǴźɫӣĿ¶׹⣬ģһһ߳߳˹
Щ˿̫ɥʧһ㣬Ǳľţھһ˵ʱ򣬾ȻӲĽ˺ˣ˵ʬ
ԲۣĶġЩ¶ѪܵĳӺ࣬Щˡ
ǼˣȴֱŹ˵ĸ첲ȳһѪζӡ
ɵǡʱ߳һźӵˣϴŻɫߣӦǸСͷĿŸ첲ڿϷǵġ
´ҴĹ˷׷ÿˣǼɥʧͻȻƿϵ·Ϲģȫʵļ
𣬶ͯ˰ĸߺ޵ĺһವӹȥˣವһһ˵ĸ첲ϣٺЦˣϽ
֪ŭһֱӽγˣͷŸ첲ϵѪƺܵӣž˹
ߣԸ˵ŵָһӣ˹ȥǶǵǼ˾Ȼûһӿٳ߳塣
군ˣҸղſ˰ûü˵⼸оʿƨ˻ƣǲ۰ǵÿߡ˼ӹȥҾҪܡ
Ҳޱ𾪣û뵽ôı̬ѾЩʿٶȷɿ죬̾͵סǵȥ·˶
һ첲һŷֱ۷飬ǰһʿȻһûУ͹סĲӣϿ˼ȭͷȻ޶ԣţˤ˳ȥڿйסֱۣԼ˼ţƵģһöûС
ԴֹֻͣЩʿˣҲܡû˵꣬ѾһʿסˣڵֱһŲȹȥһȴѾסˣԿǶʿȭͷ
һżѸתͷȥȴڿգʿһ´ƫˣһ̧Ҫң˫һƣΧ˸תѾȥˣȭͷ㾢¡һͺݺݵĺϡ
һйȻЧʿЩģ˶٣ջͷͷƣһԾߣͷҡ˼ºҡҡλεĳ
ص˲żһһѿӷӲĴţǰҰγӣ䣬ͷĹԶѪߣǰںȻز
ʱһҽУһͷһʿţ׼ʬҳǰʿʹţ·һܹȥһӣʿͷһڣѪģɿצĳ˹
ûк˼ȥ˿һʿסĺʿ۾ǿףôǱĶš
һߣʿߵĺ˼ڵԽѣڵĴŲӿţ԰ף֧㣬漰ʱСġ
䣬ϮɱһͷʿӲ˹ˣһ迳赲˼£Ȼǲۣ͹ˣѰһῳǵԴȴٳٴ򲻵
հǸҪˣӲİѪһ˺һ߰յ˵
ҲҪ汳ģأͻȻãԴӴͲ
ĸð𡭡
ءһû˵꣬ǰһʿԴˣԽŽһһĨ˼ڡ
Ҷһô˿һޣ˫ǹڶĶһʿ
¡һ죬һߴܹȥһʿüģһѪۣʿһͷԵڵˡ
ҿǹʹŮϲĺ
˪ɨӹʿȻĳ˹ȥʿȴø첲Դӵǵĸ첲Ǽˡ
ö˶񣬿ûӵˣæȥУɾʱһӰವȥһߵ˷ǹҲգ۵Ĺһƽˡ
ҲǳصģڿһһƯأ˦˦β裬һŵȭں˷ơ
СͷĿվڲԶעŷá
ʱʣµʿҪȥȴСͷĿ£ʿͷ­ֱӵ˵ϣһصѪӡӡ
ûõĶʧƷСͷĿŭ˵ţںϲ˲
ýһӭȥСͷĿ൱侲ȻվŲȷÿӰƼ£һɨȣĵķصˤȥ
ûü룬ವĴȥס˷ãŭȴŶ
ǽͳͳҪƷСͷĿ˵ſЦ
ЦЩ죬Һܿҵ죬Ц
ҲŭĶԴҵºûһ첻űģˣһѪҺڣҧ㣡
е˼ǻǺܺõ󡣡СͷĿ䣬Ӱһξʹ˹


449 ¶
һɱӭͷȥСͷĿײһصһ죬˷׷ױײˣ˺üԶŴҴҵͣ
㶣ͷңЦԽԽ˼ˡܾûĶ֡
ûĶ࣬һѪӿѾʹҲһˣ붯һ뷢ȥ಻ƿСͷĿͱϮȥ
æζ赲ϴ˺üۣЩǱ˺˼첲ϱһУ۵һ£ƺһʱ߳ŭٴγһ
һҾһƵУʹ˻ĽӲӲģŤס˸첲һȭһȵģãĴ
һߣͷڶԸЩɢɢĹˣҲǴ仨ˮġ
ڿ񱩵ɱУһѽ˵߸ˣһţæعͷȥסϳƵģӲı߷ڵϡ
һþֻмܡ˲ķڵϡҿ粽ǰȻסЩǱߡ
˶ϣΧסǡһһ˳
ҳ׼ȥû뵽ʮ˷׷״˹Χסˡ
һߣҲйټˡ
հôô࣬զƷһˡɫŵĺ
ҲĿСͷĿ˳޵ҧгݣ񱩵ɱ
Сӣ˰㡣˵Ҳս֮Уһʼ͹˳
ֵǣ尡ڴʱſڼ˱ڵϣֻӴ˳ˣһĻʯͷϹһȺɱڵģܿͽסˡ
ֵǵĵѸŤת˾ƣԭЩ˾Ϳʼǰܣ˿̸ǽ֣׷ɢʼɢˡ
ۿѪƴ֮ʤһſ׼ȥ׷ǸСͷĿϾʱ˲ҽţио߻ѪĳܣವһһӣһͷǰԶ
ҶһǸͷĿɱЩоߣҶʱʶ²Ҫ֤ݣҸҪȥֹͼһһ˲䣬ѸӿܿһƬˡ
ǼоҲѪУǸСͷĿ´һߣĿһۣˡ
һûȥֻѸٳ룬ܵ棬ȼͺһʼԶװãһ˺¡¡ıըӵ
ֳһ⣬ü˶˹
Բۣӷַӣǡʯͷ˦˫ڹҪȥһһұ𿿽ǣ쳷
һû˵꣬ǼϾͱըˣѪζѵļʱֻмһЩˡ
ĸȣǱɰĨϵѪ˿üͷԹ
ǳ빤ԶХľˣҲӦûо졣
һջٴҺźõϢǺܶ࣬˽⵽ǵһЩ£ǵоֹһ㣬粻֪ʹʿ
Ҷû°ɣ˵ĸϽȥơҿõֵǣ뻹Ҷ˸ۣ֮ǰӴ绰ڸš
Ǽզˣ绰ûͨεźšƵ
ûˣˡε
磬֪ǿģܹסĶءŴ
ûõģ׼˶ĻǷӵ׷ֻ֣ûϵôͱ¶ˡϧ˵
ӷϣЩܹȡϹ鵭Į˵ǰĴ
˺УȱˣǸҪȻľǡϹļȻŷõ˵Ů٣֧ԮⶼˣǷǣÿζƨɣû˼
ǵְҵһûءԲ˪
ãû˵Цæ졣
߰ɣϧˣ˽ⰵӰ֯Ŀо޴ͻƣϧʲôû¡ҡҡͷ˵
ǵδء˵źٺЦɣɶ͵ĵġ
ңûȥ졣˵־ȥᣬæȥ˵أ
мֵʱ׷ðһֻۣ˻ȥ
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зǮûüһץȥЦϵĶõأģõ´μ棬һµ
ɶŮ٣رӢˬһ֣ðݡ˵ţſڣ˵ĸ첲뿪ˡ
õһۣЦã˵´αҼˣҺץȥ
ޣζ𣿡ıӰЦЦ
Ըûаκνչһϵ㣬߰ɣӭӾӵˡÿ˿ԶԽԽˡ
ãȻһ㡣˵
֪ٻ֪Ųҡ
ҵͷͺǻȥ˼˵ĵȥˣҽҰ˿ڣͻȻӵմĵ绰
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ҲˣҲ֪ôˡЩ̾Ϣһ
һεͷֱ˳ȥ


450 
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ε岻֪ԭΪ¶չնɽأһͽȥǣͲˡ
ŵûҽ
Щŭһֵ
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ˣȥɣʲôãأ˵ſա
ջ˻֣˱廨һǱ˵ģˡ
˶סǻʲôʸüͷŭĺţҪȥ֡
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Ҳ֪Сϰ˵ȥתһǸ˼С˵밲һţһûˣǹȥң˾Ͳˡ
֪ˣȥɡЩ֪ûõģһͷգʵȥ˶ˣ
ǻһ˵ҾȥˣǰұˣӰûУҲ֪ô£ɱǱӰ˳ûץ˲ǡЩǵ
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ˡյͺһҵĻŭ㲻˵Сۣ㲻ڵʱ¶˵ʲôԲԣô޳ܵ𣿡
ǵģս㣬ҵ˼ûз
ϲûҲģ죬ѵôֵǺܳ嶯û㣬ܵ𣿡Щüۼ͸Թ
ղҵĻȷյĴҲᣬϾնɽ׵£ԽܣֽɫĻ£ܹǰӵȥ¶˵ĺܼǿ
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ƲƲ죬û˵ҪʱӦһʱܲˣҶûʲôޣֻԴףǰû˵Ҳ˲ôˣÿ˶ȡȨҲһ
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ҵǻٻҸô죿ε
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һһͷҹɫĶ̷΢΢紵רע΢Цƹӳգ㵭ţҲô
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ʲô֣ҽ
ȥʣһ֪ˣֻǽӵ˵绰˵רעٶȺܿ졣
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λʩƺ֪Щʲô鷳ϸ̸һ̸ϹܿĶԻ
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˵һ㣬¶ǹ߿ģҷʲôûӦߵĴæıɣĲϲˡε˵
û뵽˵ѽɩӵļҶûˣжնɽܹȥĶأз۾תš
ϸ룬˵Ҳһطܻȥģȥ


451 ¶ҲҪ
磬طɩӻͣ˳ɻʵ
ҿ˿ǰ̣洫ѵ죬Լ˸Ż⣬ҵǵԸҲµûдĻ治֪ȥĶˡ
磬Ҫ̫Ҫ㣬ֵǶ֧㣬ϣɩӻҸҵļ
ҵͷûйĽţ̡߽
еæͻԵȣȹ䡣˿̹ŰӻӣҵĻĽ䤱ġ
үҡĴ˿ûз¶նɽЩʧ䡣
ͷƳһۣɫЩӣһôһ˵ô£
ʣ¶ҹ𣿡
պŽˮУƣͷë˲̶ȴҡҡͷҿԲش𣿡
ҴɫУԼ쵽ʲôڴүҲ֪Һ¶һǶ𣬺ܶ˶ż֪пˡ
Ϊʲôʵ
Ϊڳ㣬ûпεˣ𣿡ʵ˵
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ֱСӣ¿ɲܽƾֱ˼ǲ㻹ذɣҪˡ̶Űӿӣ졣
үǺгģ鷳ң¶ȥĶˣ֪ίЩҲǱƲѵģϣҵĿԡҿ
Ҫִ̫ˣذɣܶ˸Ҫ㡣˵꣬ȴûôˡ
ε˳ʱӹʵ磬ɩϢڲ
Ӧ֪ȴҡҰյ
ôôȷӲ
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ȥ˵˵ôܡҡͷЦ
զأ㿴ĸϴû檵ģֺαôִšЦ
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ĩէůСӣһȻ쬵ġ
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ذɣҲȵ¶ǲߵġҼᶨ
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ҿ˹Ů˻ڵůأɶҵ绰ƲƲ죬Ŷ˵Ĵ䣬ε̾Ϣһҵļϳȥˣȿˡ
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Ҫʱܣ˵Ҷú⡣Ȱ
նɽһңôԭأֻø¶ˡ
ҲҪѽﲻʺġҼ
ҾûУο¶ҲãҿҲأǵ£Ĵ̫˵㡣նɽ̾
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ƽ飬˵壬Ҽ¶ҪȰȰܻа취ġ
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նɽֽ˵¶ҲãҲգĹܲˣֻϣܹĵ뷨
壬ʵҶնֻ飬Ҹ¶һĶҽ
նɽһ£ҶԲסȥܿˡ
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鵭Į¶ѾͷִҪȥ׬ǮϰβһʱҲҲõĹԾȥʱˡ
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ͷǸҹ꣬Աȥˡ˵
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նɽյңҪȻᣬοܶ๫˾һļֱӾܾ¶Ҳûа취
Ϊռҿ̨ˣЩǹۿ˵͡ҷ߷߲ƽ
ôпᣬǶҰͽֺãԹۣ侮ʯⶼҵĴնɽŶͷԵúܻںޡ
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452 С
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ˣ˼ղеµˡ¶ǿЦ˿˾ƸǣҪƣȴһס֡
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Сˣ۰֪ǿ磬ϽǸһŭһɴۡ
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˼ֻ;ƵƣƵġ¶ŭ˵ţתҪߡ
ǿֱӰӸƷˣŭվţСǣǲǣ
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ԭԱߵһţ׼¶°࣬Σæȥˡ
ǿһƿϰ壬ŭӲܣСӺǽƣĻطԺ뿪ҵˡ
ԣϽġ˵ž͹ȥ¶¶ּæš
˿ȥһţһ߷ڵϣɨһ۵ȾǲǣǺȡ
ѽҲܣĶС˵ǲǣ֪ĸǿŰӣֺĺ
ϰһƲæǿ磬ǳԺȶ浥ҵģǾһΰɣϿܿ˰ɣ
ÿû˵СĶģǿһƽϰڵˣڵģָָҵıӡ
һӰ¶ȥ˵죬õġ
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ƨôǣ˵ˣѣӲǿܳ壬ҵС˵ʶľ͹ҪȻĺܲң֪Ϊʲô
Կ˵
ιͦӲģǲ֪ӹӲӲ缸к椸ţˡǿ粻ŲæģϣһӸ̣յ׼Ϸ
˺󡣡ҿ˿¶Ȼȭͷ
¶˿ɫЩ԰ףֵգգ۾ȴʵʵĶҺȥˡ
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༸һԽջŭų˹
վſȻһžһӳҹһ첲һһɢˣǺɫžİһƣһƫͷѾһɨȣһͷԵڵˡ
ӸճͱŤס˲ӣһһңмӲײȥͷѪҡҡλεҽ£߷ɳȥˤϣ˲ŲҺ
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һżֱӽֱ˾ưɡ
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ߵϲŰŭĿԲɣƵġ
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𶯣֪ĺǿòԼҪҡʹı
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453 㲻ӦҾײǽ
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ҸϢɢĵ㣬Գ̲ססСƤ㻹ҵ𣿡
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ģҲš
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¶һۣС˼ҲŲҪء
ΪʲôҲУҵ
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¶һ£ֳһõС˹ȥ


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Ҫʲô𣿡ϰƺѾֲˣʵ
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ʲôһѽ˼˺üˣء¶С죬Ÿ첲Щ
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죬ǸϰҪʲôʲôȥ¶գˮĴ۾ɻҡ
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⣬ʲôϴˮ¶ǲ⣬ҪϸĿ
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ҸǮȥˣ¶￴أյˣҿεģӣĿڴѩһĨ΢΢ţ֪ô˾;ÿڸģһŻ𣬿ʼȼһʰ
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ҶһһȺ˷ԽΧǽдطˣоȻѧʦǸľжŸ˳ֵӵ


459 һһ
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죬ϽߣЩ˶ܿ˵ģֻҪźŵϹͻɱ¾»ڵģͬھɫǲ԰ף˵ЩѵľǹصĴ˳ȥ
ŷ˳ˣһеѪȻܲ˵ĳǰ壬һȺ蹷Ŀ¶׹⡣
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ȻＸûеطߣĴ˿һǰ취İ취
صһһȭͷһ˵ϡһѲ˵úˣɱȥ
ǹûˣҵĿ˻ǰ˵ˣں׷
һҪĶϣһֻŲ˵ĿɱţԭЩ²֣ǿͨ˰ҲΪҲܹȥҿǵڵϣŻ볯ǳЩĲˣӿٶȡ
ҾúԽԽˣǰЩˣͷؽģ֪ҲܵȥҵļϣüζҪȥֻ˵ˣһŶϳǰͳ塣
һܼѵḶܹ́һȺħˣں׷ϵ龰üԼµǣΧԽԽ࣬Ǵ·ϣӳӲЩŮֻ¡
ͻȻ˵ӰеɥʬЩôˣ
Ѿӿ񱼣ֻýŽ߿ҿǰԵƺʱڿϣҽϺͷҷ˺ߣתһеӣҵĻţȳļ˴ɢˣȻһӷɹȥ˼ˣתһȳһյĳ嵽˰ߡ
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ЩˣһȺƵģҲ׷׵ˮ׷϶ЩӾ˼¾ͳȥ
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಼ĶƳһƣѲ˵˹ˮȻܼѣΨһ취ȥˡ
ҺһһˮúͶҲȥˣ˵ˮȥ˵죬ֶҹˮϣҲûʲôˡ
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Ҫ˰ǴˮðͷϴڵĴϢţֵģϵ˿ڻѪһѿ
ѾҪʧȥʶˣ˫룬ץңӾĶţƯںϡ
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סϽΰЩˣî㾢˹ȥѾҪ͸ˣʶҲԽԽģǰ˻ӰˣƵġ
ǿõˮԣӲζͧԽԽӳɱ
Ҳϵ˳ˮӣÿһβŸոֳͧٴδ
һջˣĵʹҴ̼һЩһѪӿۿ߻һξ룬ˮιŵΧסˡ
ˮٺãֻôһ˹϶԰
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˳Ҿצĳһӹȥһˮһɨȣһڵˣ˸ջعͷòӴš
һŽ߿γ˲ӣѸٵĿס̣һٵת䣬ˮ˷
ץ졣ͣͧݸ˷úͶϡ
Ƕ˴˿̶Ҫˣץס˾ƵģľŲţþȫȴ˶̱ˣͧġ
ðˮҪͣ۾ס
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ʱ򣬳ɶѵ˳ͧӲվҵȥæȥͧ·صĿų߳塣
ͷЩˮȺˮ淺Ѫֱܿˮû
ǽƣ˰΢һķȴЪϢţĵĳ˺ߵһ
죬ҪǰæϽ˵ÿһź󣬷ø֤һεˣŵķĿɿڴġ
Ͻţ졣ӲŽñ˽ȥ÷ϸ˸ʵʵģһУҲҪˡ
ʧģ˵ôѽ
绰ȻȥҸҽҿǽϣҲԽԽ
ͷѸٵİŹؽˣһߴŵ绰һ߻Żŵĳܡ
ãôһͷŷã۾ţϢ΢ֻһǻӦңɫǳĲҰףͷʪϡ
ûõģǻˣھͰѶƳò˼ӣž㣬ֻЦ
Сˣûнҩ˵ųڶѣȴʲôûУյơ
ͷѪȴҧгݵ˵Ѿˣɡ
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аܼ򵥰ҪǲѶֻĸ죬һһ˵
˵ȥ֪˵ʲôҵһܳûߣӣªݺݵȥ
ϲҺһ۾ףͷһιȥˡ
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˿ƫƫελãһССѪۣȴҪ˷õҶ˶٣ȥֻѩ׷ӯĿ
Բסˣðˡҳ˵һ䣬Ҳ˲ʲôˣҪǸչȥѶҺˡ


460 һԹŮ
죬㡭ýһЩ˫ۡԼôεǰʱģЩ
𶯣ЩżͷǵģȴǰѶҺ˳ʱ벻ô࣬ûȥʲôֻҪ
ðﷺһ˿ߣƽʱ޽Ȼֻͬǽҧ촽ü΢ΪӣЩżһ̾Ϣ
ҽĶҺ˳ĨһͣʵЩ𣿡
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Ժģܹ˵ʲôȴ˵ûˡĶʧȥˡ
죬Ҫ˯ҪסüĲУţѵ㡣
ϣ취ܻģȥһˮڶϡ
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ҿ˵ϮвΪĲң˪˵
԰ϻδ䣬ѾһӣҺͷһѪעҵ
ҧ˵ҸҲˣҾ㲻ɱ㣬Ҳһְ취һﷸķʽԸ㣬ʹ
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Դռҳ֮Ҳûд棬ϻԩ·խ
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˾һƣСյģղŲǺڻţţȣ˱һ
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ίˣģͳͳҪԵõ˵ţշǲĿշƫƫܵӡ
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ĺˣնɽϾͻῴġշζЦ
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շ˹ҵĲӣҵ˵СɵӣһŹǸ⼸踺صģҪۿһĻǸŮ¶ĺˣǺܿͻġ


461 С
¶ôˣŮˡĶշˣҧгݡ
ĺˣôðôءǸΪ˵߶ѣڹƾ·ˣڴ𣿡շԵЦҵͷĿ
ŭʲôſҸƴˡ
շ˶ʱݵתȥ˷һơһţŭ죬ұ죬Ųھ㣿
շ˵žͳذסڷǰһµ绨ˣҿ㻹ûôأ
С椳ĻͦµģһȥֵˣˣŪҲ٣˵ԲԣæշˡǼӶЦҲͷãĳѾаˡ
Ŷ˶ȴȻļٺް취ԭΪԼжôǿ׳ˣڲʲô˫ȭѵ֡
ɱңȺлţҪȫ֮ԷúŭĿԲ˵
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죬ˣŮ˵Ͷϣʡˡշ˸Աߵһ˵
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˼Ҳ㰡ԺҲôˣǵҪˣԺǾͿÿ춼һˡ
塭ʱշ˵ĵ绰Ӷϻ˵绰ϲЦ˵ܺãϴ
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նɽǸܵһʱܲһæοշˡ
ͻͻЦһҸͣ
ϵһۣһŵЦ԰ʲôЦģ
ǺܿЦЦ֮Ҳ֪ʲôǶĹѵЦ𣿡˵ȻЦᶼˡ
ЦյġϾңʹͱҺüȭͷֻҴ
ĵҧбĻֻҪһлᣬͻὫȫɱ⣬ɱƬײ
㣬Ů˶ӮŪ㡣˵ֶȭߵģյյģϴκٻһԷʱӾһ٣лˣԼ
ˣٴˣˡշŶϣεε˵㣬ٻûзʲôʵĻشҡ
ʲôǴĺأôءæ˵
أĶȥأշʵ
ЦЦζ˵Ȼһܰȫĵط
ץٻȥʲôշʵ


462 Ҫʬ
Ҳ㲻ֻܹհ죬ʵŮͦġЩͶٻ顭˵żշӣæĿڵֻ˵Ͷˣ
ߣ㻵ˡշŽɺ촽ڶϵϣı˵˵ٻƯƯ
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㲻ĸϾ˼ٻˮ飬ŪãȥЩŮȥˡһ͵ģ뿴ٻڳʲôˣշֻЦ
ϧ˵ǾͿϧˣ֪Ұ㵽ˣǰһ
Ҳ˱ڡһ⻰ŭգ޲ý̻
ͣˡû뵽Сжˣܹôòԡշյ
æͶסˣҵԿǵС˵úõžһ
쵽ˣǶշ˷Ըϵһˡ
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Ҳʱ򣬴һŲسٻߵм
ʱƺ˼ӣȻһͳ˵ֻץˣ
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ЦЩ˻ƣʱʱģ￨һֻƵġ
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м޴ĲӣðݣȻװżˣǼͺͱŹӣͷϺҲǸֹܵ۾ڿңӦòû
ҪҸһ𣿡ʵ
ǲһٷϻܵ㡣״ӿһۡ
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׼˰ɣǿʼɣ״ӷԸԱߵһʿǻʿң˵ͷӦһ
ʿȥ˻ðŹ⣬ſһţһҽƴ֮ĶҽԺ
⿪͹ȥ״ӳſںһˣ⿪ˣҷҽƴ档
סõǸ״һִעƿ˼ɫҺ壬ֵ˵Ȼݺݵҵĸ첲ϣע
Ҷʱеʹ̣ðһͱסͣҸеϵĽƺͣźʲôѪҺҧһܿͻģģҸû취ˣƤû취ϣôɴ۾
ˣš״˵Ż˻֣ȳȥ
Ůʿ˿ң˰ťұͽȥˣͷյӳң۾׻λεģ쿴ˣȴպϲϡ
żצҵĸ첲ȶץסˣʼҵҡţʱתġ
ҳôûоĥѣʹĸоһӶǵģʱҲûʹ
˲֪ãҲǼӣҾޱȵһͣʹڵĴϢţһ
ʾô״ǸŮʿ
ŮʿڼһҡҡͷҲ˵
״ӹ˿ɻ𣿻Ǹղûеλ¸һ顣
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ٴαͲţצӺһˣҧǿҵš
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״ӻæϿص졣
Ůʿ̰ε˵Դͣˣұ״ϳҵ۾Ϳڱϵţּһ¸첲ȣô£ǰɴûгֹ⡣
᲻־̫ǿˣ״ԴֺԱߵĻʿ
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ٻһ̨´ˣҪϳģɲܳǹ״˵ųĹ֡
˹̧һ̨ϣҼֱʹҪһθղĥĲȴֶá
᲻ܲˣȷϢһ𣿡Ůʿǵʵ
״룬ͷѵĺܶԣȷҪϢһһζܲסˣѾοˣҪҿЪһɡ
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ʷɱҲһΣƺûа취ֻͣɱ¾ֹɱ¾ңûܹ赲
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һҵɱ㣬ݵ쾡£ʬڵϽĶѻ˵һƬ˷Ѫڵϻ۳丵СϪзŨصѪζ
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շ˵ɫҲѿյŹǿɺãҲǵˡ
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479 ⵽ôһ
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ƾö죬ŶһңԵ㶣漴Խŭ
յģԭ˵㱨ءţ߳ŭ
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Ҹɷĸ˵ʱսȻӽβԷʮ˶һˡ
Ǹǿأ˿̻Ҷ˵ԭյĿϷɫ԰ֽЦתҪܡ
һһߣ۵Ĵһ˵ڵ˸ʺͿѾס죬ݺݵĸȭͷʱͱˡ
ϣˣۡǿԿ
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ȻǼٵģŮ˶ȥˣӶ֪˶ٸˣ˭֪ҪҵĸˣС˵ʰ㡣ǿ˵žһ֣Щڵĳˡ
ƾЩˣ˵һɨȽǿ߷ڵϣȥһѿӣһɱ¾
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482 һ
ֵߣｻҡҿ˺ӣȭͷ׼һս
磬ͬʲôµġһȻӣҲǺηվҸǰ
˭ߣʵ㣬Ⱥ֣Ųĵε˵ţһ֣һȺ˷ӵΧ˸ʵ̣ź⣬ɱڵĳ˹
ӭͷһȭͷȥһ˶ʱ˸ͷһ֮ǰһڵˡ
һͷӺͼִĺǳȻҲټˣǱϾԷ˶ڵģǿºǳԿ
Ͻߡ˹ȥһȱڣƳȥˣûзӦҲҸƿˡҵǸǰһȺ˾
磬ǲߡӺǾǿϵѪҪ
Ҫηٲ߾Ͳֵܡŭһ񱩵ĻſӣѪһأǰҲӶе˵£Ǹĳˡ
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Ҷʱɿ䶼ץסһӲסˣҲǺù㡣
סǣһŹȥ֣Ųҧгݵָš
룬Ǵ̤ȥ˻ţסǣһɱһһֱɱĺ˵һصˣǻвٹٳ߳
ģɵȸץסҳ尡֣ŲĿ
ҽЩˣϾһ˵ޣ֮ҸոոԭûãЩмܲסҰſӴϢ
˿֣ŲͻȻͳһǹԱ߾Ŀ𣬺Хӵڶ߷¡죬Ľæܣ֣ŲĹЦ
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ͻȻеΣ˿̾ȻƣҲȴôҹѣ̫ˣֻͣ
ΧסӲŤҵĸ첲Ȼ˸ʵʵġ
֣ŲźڶǹָҵԴɵȣζôղźţȰΪʲôˣһӿ
ĸƨбµҰյ˵
ΪɵأҪй涨һǹ㣬ڣ֣Ų˵һϣָҼȭͷ
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һǺ𾪣ӰļȷеģȻκ֣ŲĵȳȣʱһҪĶ̣ȷ˵ģ֯ڲ׻Щɸ˵ܣ
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ģһʱ᲻ģǰĥһ£˵ϴͱƶˣǿϧˣⲻǸ³ˣߡ֣ŲĻ˻֣ѺңҴ˳ϡ
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ﲻһҲ֪֣Ųĺ«ʲôҩ
ŴС￪Σ˳бԵشԺƫƧһܶǸǽĵطͣҳſĳĳı־ǸͨĹǵ߽ȥˣŷ䱸ɭϣöĹˣǿ֣ŲģȻк
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˴ߣźӣǿȴǺܿߴҲûʲôɱ෴ȴԵЩ·Ҳβס˵ģǸŮˡ
ժߣһ΢Ƶͷˮҡ
Ҳһ㶣û뵽ٻ


483 ٻһ
ʦô㣿Һ𾪣Լ۾
֣ŲҲ۾ŵ˵ٻôܣ
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ٻһۣȻһƳ˹ȥžһ֣ŲĵǳѪȻܲȴΥΨΨŵŵĵͷԲֻͻȻһʦҿˣֻ̫ˡ
𣿹һȥٻŭţȻ峺ңü΢֯һֱҪѰҵǸˣ
ǣǵģ죬ɽõĶӣãҸץסˣ鷳˵һ¡ɲٻǻʾһµİɣ֣ŲĴֺ֣õ˵
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ͣɵȣһμˣһġ֣ŲǲЦ
ҧһɫĳӣһһҵŤңٻǰλϣ滹½˼ܴĳҲвٵĹˣƺƴĳȥ·ںϵ֮С
һֱڿٻٸнʼնûۿң˿΢΢ų⣬ǽģȻ˰ֻǴ˿̣ҾȻһİ
⼸²Ƕʲôѵϴˣʧȥǰеʶҿղ֣ŲһƣԲǰٻġ
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СӣԲԣӱ졣Ա˶Ҿһʹᣬֻģȴûֹͣ˼
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һ룬ӰĲô׶ԸģǿĳҵϣǽԿٻôһξͿܿʶˣ;ò˼顣
Ҳ˵һٻĵ˵쵽˰ɣͷ֡
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ͻȻһѧУʱٻһδңʱǶôˣȻǵãǴʱ˿̣ģĳһ
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ٻæһ£ߵſȥؾصĵͷ
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484 ˭
˭㵽ʲôĶǰˣӦþǰӰͷĿҺһ潻档
ûʸ֪Ҳ䣬ֻһͽ˵ЦԵ
˶ıóѣֻҪһڣҾͻŪ㡣ҷߺ޵ŤŸ첲
ͷЦһһգ۾ҸǰסңɱڡסҵĺӲľ
ﴫҪϢǰ˵Ĳһ׾ٵңصˤڵϣҲɢ˼ܡ
ϵ⿪ˣȭͷ˻һ񱩵ĳȥ߾ȫ˹ȥ
صһ졣ȻںӺ﷢һͺһƹ˷˳ȥˤǽײͷǵģֻҪλһѪ˿
̫ˣٹʮ꣬ǿԸһֻϧûˡгȥҲмһˡ
һվһҧٴȥ
վһģûҵǰٻͻȻ˹һɨҴڵϡȻסң½Ҹסˣٶȿľˡ
ҶֱĽʵʵ
֣ͷ˿ٻ˵ɱ
ٻͷóذҾҾ͵һܹȥȴֻ֪ͽ͵
ٻ׼ʱס˵ֲɱˣȥʵңҵҪ׻ʲô
õģհ졣ٻ˵Ž
ҫ㣬ġɨһۣһ˦ӣǵĳţһ˲Ͳټ
Ц֮롭
죬Ͻߡû˵꣬ٻһţӲۣĽ˳ȥ
ֻøһߣֻٻܲģ˵ҪΪʲôƫƫң
ٷϻһʹ㡣ٻ˪Ҽš
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Щ˾ǳڴƵģţԵ¶ЩҿĻתвٵˣԼ٣ģӴ
𶯡ߵ·ٻɫͻȻѿЩ԰ףĿںܵӣǽڴϢ
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⿪ϵӣ·Ӹңߴٵ㴩ϣûʱˣ뿪
ǡͻȻЩ졣
ǵģҡ⿪߸ҿһۣٺһЦ¶ڵݣ


485 ǲǲ
ôѸٵĴ·˳ֳһ
˳򣬻ͷûʱôࡣǣǸĵˣɱƬײģô
Ȼû⣬Ǹ쵰ͷءߵ˵
ǣǸˣһоͶˣߡ˵Ŵߣš
Ҵ˿ҲźӴŹ棬ȥ
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Ҳܷŭе飬ǸͷɵģŭգֻҪˣܶͿԳ䶨ˣǹغ˵ʱ̡
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ҶʱЦãǾʱͻȻֲ̫ԾΪȺ˾ȻȾܣ׷׵˵ڵˡ
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һɲ߲֪ɶʱðأɫһ䣬Цݽˣŵһըˣ͵һ͵ڵˡ
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ǾҰءһͷһƳڱϣ˵ڰУͷģϺںġ·Ҳ˺˼ӣǸؤ
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վסҪܡһ׷һߺٻǸͷĿײײľǲϷ
ڣҼӿٶȣһסǵȥ·
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ٻſһȥýˡҽȰ
ٷϻôٻܲĵҡ
ҪȥǲǼǵңġ˵ͳȥ
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֣ٻŤסٻ󣬽¥ǽϡյ˵㲻Ҫˣ㲻ҵĶ֡
ȥٻ̧űߣϣƵġ
ȴվŲƾţȻۣȴô˺˺ҹػŮˣûֺҽ졣
ͻȻЩѧУһδΣƴĻң֣Ų۸ҵʱοңӺ
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ܾڸҿʲôЦҹǣҺ˼˼棬ȴҵ˵ˣҾ˶ҵıڱҡûкúõĶԴûб
ٻû֣֮ȴߴţֱˣȻŤŸ첲߷ߵָץңҪҧҡ
ǶѪ˿ȴȻôץţҲܹʧȥˡ
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һżһٻһں׷ϡ
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ɱ㡣ͷĿٻ
ٻ˿̶ûʲôˣγذ׻Ҵֱ̹Ӱذ׸ȥӵˣһżƷڵˣŭĿԲɵĶǸͷĿû·ˣɡ
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ҵͷ˵ҲҪȻˡ
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˵Щʲô˼ɻ
˼㻹û𣿰ӰĿʲôʱĵоԼּڰͻļޣоʲô̶ˣǲ˵㲻ñ˽ĻҪأЩʿٻƵĻҲпܵģĳֵȷҲ⡣
ǻкܶ鷳ЩЩͷۣյĿ
û°ɣ𼤶ΪǴСǿء˵æҷűֵͷҵ˿ڡ
ʱ򣬲űƿˣ¶վſڣһĻɾСܲˣŭڸ


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¶˪һᣬ˭ϱˡͻҪôǿѹȥΪޡ
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һѾҶ˶٣˵ֻǿϧ˵㡣ץǸһˣûõģҪȻ֪䣬ܹ֪䣬˵һжԽˣá
ĶôޣˣʮǰӰ˾ڻˣͿץĵҲᵽ¶ƲƲ죬۲ۣȻϧĿ˿ҵʵôŪģ˭һ𣿡
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ʱ¶һҡҡλεģ߻εţûһҾ;ʮֵƣ룬ı۾ͻȻۣȻͷ˴ϣԺһֱ¶Ư
ѹʱ򣬲ɾþ񣬻ɣϢĺʹ죬˸ַﾲĵģ¶Ѿ֪ȥ۾Լô˯أкû򣬿ĺˡ
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һշ˶ڵϣֳס档վˣǺǽϻһӺ󣬾Ȼֵ˻
սСģһȥ§Ѹ㣬ͬʱһȣ򱻻ڵˡǻںݼ˼£תһսǲټ
أŭ׷ȥȴûӰˣĳޡ
ҾĴ˿ϸŶ洫ĴͻȻúܰ
ͻȻͷ컨ϣлҳȻ΢ĽŲ
ҳʹ˸ɫᣬһ컨˹ȥһ죬ŲԽԽأԶ롣
һǽڡȭͷ컨˹ȥصһһڣ͸谵ĹһֻһӰȥˡ
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裬㿴зˣһСգ۾ָһĽ
ҿ˿Ǹٸգ۾ĿɿڴңæС۾ˣǴֻˡ
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˿Ҹܵľʧ룬˼͸ߴңǰյӣǱˣƯ
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ҽŻ谵·ƹ⣬һʱ䲻֪룬ȭͷתתȥģŭͷڹ꣬ʲôϷб¾͹Ҫزصġ
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漴Χðһ̣ԽĿǰˣںЦΧһʱԷֱ档
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ǿЦ֮Ҳ֮һ΢˰ˣСӣԸӰ·أһ㣬Զò·һСѣѰɡںζĿҡ
Ҳһ㶣ʲô˼ѻ˵㡣
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һͷһֻںĿѾһѷɵ˿ѾһϢˡ
ɵŵˣҪɱڵģҶʱŭҡźں˵ѣң㶼֪Щʲô
ں۷ף⶯һ죬Ҵչȥһ£ͻȻͷһûϢ
ݣһХмѷɵ˹ѸٶȥĳһۣҪѸһսǣҰȾ׷ȥ


493 ¶ĸ׵Ϣ
ѵ
һѸٵĶܹȥһѷɵĶ˹սǴǽϡһĻǣɱ
Ҳһ˺ܻܿǷɵŵĸ֣ٶȣѾĪˣбġ
Ұղѣӿٶȷֱ׷ȥԶԶĿǸӰ˴һӣƮۿһӣҪԽǵΧǽ
ܣŹᣬȼ׷ϣһԾǽʱ̣ڿ̧һߣѸһȥ
һշͬʱһȣֱ󱳶ȥۿܲͷüײӲĽײˣ漴Ҳһ˺üһͷҲŷ棬΢΢һתٴ롣
˵ӣƺսΨֱץסһ㡣鼱֮ʹ˹ȥ§ס͵һˤڵϴ󣬸ҪסȴЩ̫Ծ
ҽ˲һѷɵҾʹ˹ѸɿٵĺˣɵǲҵͷƤȥģһҪ׷ϣһѷɵƿն
æܹȥɵҵ·ǽϣ£ٻͷѾټ
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һȥʱǸ¶ĳѾסˣú°ĵǶͣϾͻȻϮＸһˣ˼бܽܵˣආץˡ
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ðһ϶Ǹǰǿ˵ԼʮǰǾͽӵ˹ʧٵİӣնɽģʱһûе죬ҵǰһΣΪ˶ĶԴΪռҵ£˵˸߶ȵӡ
µʱ䣬ר飬һֱڵʧٵ飬ռȡ֤찵ãȴһֱûκεĽչƾʧһۣʱնɽ˾ܴѹͼѰǶͽ޹ġ
һֱ˽֣Ϊʱ̫ãͶԴ̫֮󾯷Ѷר飬Ҳ˳ΪǾ֮һ͵ɽðһú죬֣Ⱥģ֮Ӧôĳϵʲôȴö֪
˷õ¶ܽţ˵Ұְִϸҵ飬ʲôҲ˵ģһʣ˵ˣԭҲû취ġ
ǵģе˾Ŷչ˵飬˵˺ܴĺ䶯ϣǵűԼбļ¼ӶʮˣȻûбƣŰӰĳ֣ɽõĺسҲˣռҳ£ֿʼʱҴӣչ˴ģĵգһ˵֮׵ġ˵¶һ˿ο
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ҳõͷеţ£һֱǸԣҲ֪𰸡
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õġҺ¶ͷһۣ룬˿¶һҪڴɡ


494 ҾҪȥ
˭ҶѶǸ˿˵ͷֽűšһĳ࣬ܵӡ
Ƿ˾ţ֮ץˣרŸһЩɱԽĹǱڳм䣬ڵϣһֳƺɱߣһ㲻ֻ֣мˣǮǴ׬ȡۡѰɱ֡ý͵
¶Եúܼȥͷʵ˵㶼֪Щʲô
̧ͷһ¶Щ㱵ӣ˵˭ƾʲôأ
֪ϢŮ¶ܽ
΢΢ЩԾͷ湻ģϧһûʧֹġ
ң㶼֪ʲôѽ쵰¶˵һţܻġ
ֲǾ죬ƾʲô㣬ܹҳȥͻȻЦЦһνӡ
žһùȥһƣյʵ㣬ûУ
һڣ߷߲ƽµˣ̱ƹûϡ
˵ꡣžȭͷֻģҧгݵĲˡ
ôˣȥͶҰ㣬ٸװģҾǰͽιЩȮɲ㽲ʲô÷ŭĺǳţ˪
㶣Ѫĭӣͷ˵˵ˣǲǲǹУ
Ҫ˵ļֵˣûмֵĺ˵˵һ·һ̹ף̡ŭĿԲ
˳ĬһȨ׺󣬲˵˵ûȷҵңɱ¶ɱռˣռйϵˣҾڵϺĹӶɱȥԸǣû뵽һȥģʧ޴󡣡
ҽôɱңҲš¶ҡҡͷ
Сˣ㶮ʲôأܶ²ô򵥣ˣ˲𰡣ɱӵıȱȽǣɵ㣬ѽ
û˵һ˦ȥˣŭ˵ص㣬ġ
ң꣬Ҷ˵ˣ㻹ӡ˿ɥ
û˵ôϵص㡣ˡ
Һ¶һۣҲֱģôԽԽ⣬Ե޹ʵʧ٣Ϊʲô٣ȴҪɱռˣеǻԻʵʲôأ
ԣ˵Ķ˵Ҹ飬þ̡¶ļٵ˵
棿ôǵĻ˺ɵ
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ҿЦãŮ컹ǹ뺷ģҵһοˣ˵ǵ棬ûڣҪ
ңʵǸм˰ҲǸֱӽӴģ滹иˣġġ
㶣ʵΪʲôڲ˵ôҵϵˣ
Ҫǲ˵ܴӦǮƣְ˽˵һȻͰ͵ĵʲôˣԸҼ𣿡
Цһ㵽ʱʷٰɣˣŰεɡ
˿ɥεĿǳȥͷյĿ
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ҪȥңҵȲˡ¶ۺڴôС
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ҲҾҪȥǲṦ򣬿Ҫæҵ裬ҪΪʲôô飬ͻȻʧҪɱҡ¶ܼᶨ
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ǵģһȥжÿζңǿˣŲھͰߣȥɡ¶ŭ
ˣˣҲǵ֪ҪҲǵõΪŬκòлᣬȻģ룬ҵ裬ܶͻ⿪ˣǸõĿʼҺȰһ¶ƽ˿̵ļͽţǺġ
˼绰ȥ󣬷ҲˣһױЩɥ˵ѾʾˣϼºӣֻΪ˰ȫ¶ܹȥǷģѾСԱĵǱܽӦ
ҲҾҪȥƾʲôȥ¶ʱŭ
㿴ҪҺ¶ȥͷΥɣ
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ѽſ˼ң˾֣·ߣ¶˦ҵֱ֣š
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˼ҲŲ±ЦأҾҪȥΪʲôͲ˽ҵ˼ޡ¶ˮĴۡ
û˵ʲô˳һ¶ȥţ˾ȥĶ
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ȥ𣿲۵ġ˾һ顣
Ȼȥ졣˵ŰǮݸ˾˾ӷ뿪ǡ
óֻ÷˸Ϣʱ¶ųķ羰ڴ
ȴЩãȻεĽ֮Уֻʲôأ


495 
ȷ𣿡һĴֱϣ¶գ۾ǰڵȺҡ
ӦûˡǸɱ˵ľ˵ſ˿ʱ䡣
ôûأһôѽ¶ҵĸ첲ҡ
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ûãҽӵ˷õϢ򿪿˵ƻб䣬Լýͷ棬СĽ
һϢ¶һȥʱһʱֵ߹ȻһǸӢСӣñӣͷ߹һǰߡ
һͷʹɫҿǷã¶һȥһȺһ䣬ȡñӵƻˡұĸѡ
ô˵ʵ
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ǰǸн˵ĴšǾǸץ˸ǵģ˵ʲôõİ취ӽ𣿡
֮ǰǺ͵صľȡϵ˵һĵСײβҺǽƻˣһ²׳֡࣬ѹ
Һ¶һۣ˵ʲôõİ취𣿡
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ڲһֱȵϣ˲ٲһЩģЩ겻ʱ򣬷õֻѸٵĽɫ΢΢Щ仯
ûãùȥ˿һС߽ҴææĹţ˵ӣѾȥˣߵҹгǺ͵صľϵõ˽˵ǽӦ˵Ļ󡣡
ôһ˿â
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ǣҹгͨĽֵӵķ֣ƺһе·˳ӿ·߸̯λԵЩ¡
˵ǽҵһطΪ󣬲٣Ҳͳӵĵطʲô˶УЩС̯ʵܶǸ㲻ģ̯λҲǸӶѡ
ҴһƶװԵģ¶ҲһСӣǸŴ˵ķһߣ߹հ֮һһϺǰһ룬з۴˯ǸҪؤ
ôӶóöӲңѵ¶ؤۣƳһǣĵ˵ҲҪģ
Цֶ˼öӲȥؤЦЦΪȻ˵Ǯɲŵġ
ó׼õӲңȶȥֶȥȻֶĸȥֵŶ𣿡
ؤ˶룬ӲҵϵƴֳսǴָָз۴˯
ҿ˿ؤָһЬӵ̯ӣһ̣ϴһëȴЬһ˫۾߿ǸؤӴʱѾע⵽ˡ
ǣЬ˵̧ŹȥŰӡ
첻ЬֻͷǺ˵Ŵǣ۲춯
ͷһζǮòŲæ˵
ǵÿʲôͷˡӺ˳ڵ˵
΢΢һЦ˵Ͼͷͷ͸ͷͷֵǮ
ӽˣߡ
ҺͷöһۣͷʾСģǸǺߣ߹հģߵһ¥Ǯƹ谵ſһֻ׺ݵĶ񹷣Ǿ໽š
Ǻӹȥţһδ󺺣ŰӣһѴ󿳵ɨһǣʵĶҵģ
еģŰ졣Ьĺ˵תֻȥˡ
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磬ԸˣõԳ֣սС˵ŶǸɷС
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504 
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ҲΪȻ˿ֻ΢ĵĽ顣
Сϵһӣʿˣкýȥûãӳˣһ߸ʿ֣һ˵лˣ뿪۰ɡ
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ޣߣСǡʿѩ̣ſ뿪һҴ﷢һ˿
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ʱ¶ڴͷ˺Σرڿâӳµ¶˿̵ô
Ҿǵˣ죬ϣ´ԵټߡСڽͣ˴һһֵ
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СЩΣæƴǵؿˣǸǽˡ
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һݱֽ˵
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롣ǸʮͷŮˣͨŴҲ⣬ŮƳһۺ󣬾ǰ·
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Ů˵ͷʾûʲô⣬ʹǽȥˣǵ˲ˮʵȻˣӦøʲôɣ
Ȼˣ̫̫ģһݴ񡣡ú򶨵˵
֪˭أŮʵ
ת̫̫񣬾˵Ѿˣ̸òŲæ
Ů˿˿ӣȥ˸绰Ȼ˵̫̫˵ˣչ֣˹Ͼ͵ˡ
õͷǶһۣûãſˣһñӵŮ߽ˣԼʵʵģ±˿Ƶġ
˽йģñӵŮ˵ͷΧΧһ˫۾ɨһǡ
ǵģ̫̫ûԹʵ
ǰûмǣο֪ǲǺҾ￴ˡñӵŮ˵
ȻˣΪڻǵ𣿡˵
Ȼǣֻ·ϲ̫㡣˵žժñӺɴԱߵŮˡ
תʱҶʱסˣĨź޵촽һ˫ĴȥģһЦԵüթ䣬շˡ


505 ͷ
ǰûм㡣ǿ򶨣ĳһ𾪡
ҲûмǡȻ˽£Ҳ̫̫ܲģֻҪʵһж֪ءշ˵Ŵף˿ӡ
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ԲţѵͲԸ˵
ʵĽǶ߳Ů˺ǳ
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ô˵ðˣŮ˺ǷŭһµץҵҪʲô·


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һ䣬ֳӣŵΧסˡ
صһľϣǹǾӵĶӳǹѾΧˣͣپһΡ
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˿ǵȫĻɢˣЭ˺ܴãŤתˣں׷ϣմһˣúҪܡ
ҳȥһͼӵĲ£һҿͧڽ⿪˿̷Ѿˣ޴ķĴͧصҡΡ
Ѹˣһңһ߽˹ˮ֮С
˿̷һ߻¶һںӲѲ
͸صɴңдһ˿ľֺͲ
𶯣ܲ˵ġҷˣиӹҴҽƽͧѾˣȿˣųˮڶȥ
죬ˣ׷ˡʱܹ
ҳͧƳһۣ˻ûüʲôҲû룬֮ವ˽ˮ֮С


507 ĺź
ͨһһˮӿ˻ƶ˦˫ۿٻͧ뿪ʮԶĵطҾסˮӣˮ棬ק
˵Ū㡣һӼں汻ţһѿӾͳҷ˹
һèˮͧٶȼӿˣǸľżƵģˮϱ˦˦ȥġֻϱˮĴĴʹ̡
㣬Ӹϡ񾪻ʧ
һѸſӸӣһҪ׷ǣֻпˡЩжξ롣
Ϊ׷ǻ̫ʱ;¶Ǽе񣬶ʱһҧסҲǼӵ飬˾Ȼˮܶѵˮһ
ԲġǺһʹӣҵڽˮɵЦ
һ룬ЦݽϣΪҰ˻ʪܵĴһ˹ȥ
⺺ӷһҺ𣬱ӲŤ˲ӣŲˡ
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508 Ϳް
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509 нٰ
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ֹͣʡӵԱɫţ׷׳ˣһʱ䣬൱š


510 ѵ
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⼸ƺǹ⵷ҵģƫƫס˼װȥ·װһ·ѣǰţһŶסȥ·
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511 ּ
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512 Ϊ
Բң㲻ܲõĶӣҵʲôˡҲԲɽõ飬ֻѰࡣҺ˵
ҺһͻȻЦҵļ˵ȵø绹Ҫ˧ֻЩ飬ñĺã㡣
һںֻϣԸңʲôطҼᶨ
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514 ϤӰ
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Ҹеܡȥ˵Ϊʲôģ㶼ʲô
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519 ˺ͻ
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ֳŵ棬̧ͷһһǱˣ硣


521 Ұ
˭ôе죿֣Ųǹŵĵ硣
ҵˣϻáᡣɢɱ͸һӢüۼĿ͸¶һֲɣС
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֣Ųƺ޿֣Ц˵Ӿ˵󻰡ҪôҪôҹҪӵ顣
ҲԸأŵ˵
Ը⣿ɲ㣬ɵһƶ뿴¶ɣ֣Ų˵żס¶ͷЩһӵϣŵΧסˡ
¶ŭĿԲȴ޴롣˵֣Ųġ㻹ٱһֱǸ쵰бɱҡ
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졭¶Żŵվֲңһʱ޴롣
ֻӲʹȴľ֣ŲģΧҵɱ˷


522 ʲôĿ
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һ죬ըҶϣ졣ʱʧϣ綼ʧȥ
ұ֣ŲƷڵϣͷ¶캰ʲôΧõĵǼʱĸ˹ڽһɱ¾
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˿֣ŲѪܵĸ첲ҷ˼ǹѸٵͬżбܽߣͷҷߺ޵¿̵ֵָ˵ЩʲôȻŤͷǱˡ
Ŷһ㣬ȻЩȥ׷֣ŲģȴϺʹͷһƣһѪۣðѪ
¶һһ߹ҡסҵ˿ڣֶѪҲ֪˵ʲôҸ
ΧĴС˿ȺͻȻúܻҡЩ˶׵ġõֵҲͻȻ궯
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523 Ҳֵ
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˵һ飬ûĸסЩյĵһۡ


524 ѡ
ȻΪҪϢأգԼüۼ俴һ˿ˡ޷εģΪմó
ԳЦЦΪȻðɣҶ죬ԺҲʡ
ڹ壬𣿡ֱ˵
̷Щɥ𣿡
УҺԣ˲֪ȴĳҲܹᡣϾѪŨˮսԻУǲǵһʶˡѵ
ƲƲ죬˿⣬̾ðɣҲʶѣ㵱ûС
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525 ͨ
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Ұȭͷһʱŭգȴ޴йֻܵǱߵĻȴֱģọֻ́ǴһʼǾͳڱˡ


526 ȡ
Ϊʲô˵ˣʲôˣ˷õ
Ƴʾ⣬նֻƿڴүġʲô˼б浶ǹĸɣǱСˡ
ĺðҾϲԼиԣЦ
Ǳˣ쵰ĻġǱߺǳ
ҿ˼ȴ˵Ǽƨ泷вУǲŲô޳ܣˣʲô۵ġ
ǿɲСⶼΪ˫öԲԣ˵ˡùԹԵõʱ򿴼նɽʬ壬Ƕû˼ء
Ǳˣ֪ˣǱ侲취ϼԲߣǧҪסʱ̱־裬ƭҪ̸УʱضҲһְ취öһ
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532 ֮
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535 
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ӣѾƿءָʾϡһԱǹŶԽ˵
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536 ѹ
ôˣҾնɽ̫ԾˣҪȥ̱ȥ
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˿̵һֱһϣúܳĬܸӣ֪˿̵ЩʲôһԿ϶ģպܲˣ޷ʵı顣
գװĺӣҿԱ𣿡˵ųߣ쿪
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һֱİջǱһƸƿˡ
ֱùűס˾ʱʱĻͷգʱɫѿ˻ں޺;
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ڵҹɫеĵƻ𽥽ǰԭصĳУ˿һڽҿصɴ󣬿ʼԭα¶
ǳģѿģ;ģȴƺھ壬ͬɫĵƹ⣬໥ӳͷۻʴӡ
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նɽգ۾΢΢ͷڴĿҺ¶úܸӡ


537 ص
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ϰÿ̵ֻܳܶʱռҿοʱϰ廹ҪȥչһĸŮæµѰһӡ
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ҡҡͷ̾ʱ̫̫Ѿȫˣ֪Ǻãϴ棬ĶоȥչСء
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ϰͿͣĲУ뿪û죬СѾΣڵϦԽأʱ̫̫ϰ취ϰ˼ȥ뵽ǸˣԲߡ
ϰ˼ϰ˵ɽõǱС㣬̸˺ܾãһ취Ǿһݡ
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Ҽǵһڵҹ׹磬ʱ򣬻˼ӣһɫߣڱĺԺһ棬ӣŶҺ磬棬ͷǸ˽ϰ忼ǵôˣϰ˵뿴ҩЧſԡ
˵ҩǴˣΪ˱ʾ⣬ɱɽõˣһ̸ϰɱ˭˾ָ˵ĺøǣɱҾ㡣
ʱϰó˵ӣ߹ȴͻȻͷ䣬ǽͷĶѸٶܹȥȻһȴ߿ȥˣļ̹Χһ󣬱ҺϰɱǽͷȴǱܵˡ
Һϰ忪ʼʰֳɨۼһؿӣϰһЩǲ֪˲õˡ
ʲôʵ
ǰ˵ܵǸͷһᱨ𣬻ռް֮գʱҺϰ岢ûзϣֻΪźݻѣڿʱǵģǰӰˣԺûãɽÿʼ˥ܣӦþȺΪˡܸ̾
ҵһ㶣ºͻȻʲô˵屻˵ɼϸҲǿѨ磬ӦþΪԴġ
ô˵ɣϾǽжֽסȻϰһǱҥˣҲɽøϰ屻ԩʵϰûԲɽõ£ʵҪ˵УǾĽףпԭϾΪ˾С˵꣬ͻȻĬƷŲ衣
ԭģʲôأĺʡ


538 ҲС͵
Ӧϰ嵱ʱµ֤ݣȷҪ𣿡ʵ
ʲô֤ݣͰӰĽ֤ݣɻ
ͷ˵ϰһ䣬ӲΥĵ£Ǵν׵ʱ͵͵¼ˣΪǸһҲΪ֤ףȻϰ彥֪£ʵ뻢ıƤеܲȰ٣ûС
ΪʲôҪңҲ
Ϊϰᴦô¡ʼվãɽõĸ𣬺ĪĹʵҲȷһϵΪ˰ӰˣԵºĲҾ磬ռұٵ죬ʵ֪ˣϰҸʹࡣüۼ͸һ˿İˡ
ҰѺҾѾûҪˡնɽ壬֤Ļ̹ˣҲģҵ飬Ҳġ
ôأ֪٣ʡ
ҡҡͷΪѵҲǲ֪ϰĽᡣ
壬ллЩҸп
ЦЦЩ˵ûʲôø統еʵҲ˵ϰҲ׿ڸ㣬ֻתˡ
ңζҵθءҼᶨ
ȷŪʵӦ֪Щʲôʲôۺڴ
ҳĬһ˵ءʲô㣿
ңˣҲǸϹܼңռҴ뱲ӣҲˣοӹҲ򲻶ˣҲǾΪˣѹͷܶ꣬һᣬ׼뿪
ȥʡ
忴Զգá˵һЩꡣ
һˣ˵
˵ſԶӣʱųͷŲ߹ˣңЦĺܴ飬ϵԽˡ
Ҹ˰ɣҵ֣ǵҽռҵʱôů
һеᣬЦЦ˵ȻһҪú
ԭҰɣˣûʱҪȥˡϡ
ǻ᳤ģҴлл㡣˵۾ġ
Ҫǣʱٻǻ£ͿˣһҪгˡ˵
ͷ֪ܹ˺ԭ˥ϵǣѡ·õġ
һģʲôʱ̣ǡ˵
ˣϾˣߵ￴羰ȥæ°ɣһеġЦӯӯ˵
Ǳء˵ӵ̣ҵıȭͷЦ
ҳͻȻսռҵӣһޱĹܼңһṦӶˣҳǻ˵ټת뿪
ʱƵᣬĵУӿɺ飬ȼ׳־ģΣҲҪ׵ĴܰӰѰҵ
磬仨ɣءڵȳȥʱ·һСŮҵ·ҡ
ڶ˵Ǯݸ˵ҲҪЩȥðɡ
ллأ⻨͸СŮС죬ݸһ仨
ðɣôߣҼվԱգˮĴ۾ɻ
СŮȴҡҡͷҲأ㻹ûп
ʲôҲ
ѽڴĶҸġСŮָָҡ
һڶ£ʱϴε£æʵ˵˭ģ
ǸأСŮ˵һָ
æȥһ˻ι˹վƣѸٵ
վס㵽˭һವĳ׷ȥˡ
ƺ̼ӿ˲ӣۿҿ׷ˣʱһһȥԼ·ñͷ˶
ϳǳȴˣ˳ӿţۿˣһ׷ϣȴһʱ˲࣬Ѹٵں׷
ϵ˽Ķ̽ͷ濴˵˾ͣ׷أǲǶڳˣ˾˵ͣûеһվء
һһվȳͣʱವĴȥˣ漷ģǸƳһۣѸٵͷ㡣
ÿһ£鷳ˡҷֿȺͼȥץˣʱˣԭ³ģȴҲˣſڼȥӺܻš
Ҽ·ˣҲŴ߹ȥͻȻʹĽһѾס˵ץС͵͵ҵĶȥ֡
û뵽ͻȻһУʱ˶ɧˣҷ׷׵ļԼĶм˷Ǯˣ˾ͣˡ
˾Ʋѣֻÿ߽ͣһȺľͰҸŤסˣ˳û˳žܣҼıףŭһɿûУҲС͵
㻹ҽƱ磬ȥʡָѳǮŭأⲻǮʲôӲСȻĿŵ׷ϳ͵
һˣۿܵĿ쿴ˣŭɵǸղǸݺģǼ׷𣿡
ôһ𣬳˿ƺ˵㣬һʱеȦһƿ˼ˣ³׷ȥ
ܣϽץڽƱ硣г˿Ըµں׷˹
Ѿ·ˣҹ˲·ϵĳ˼º󣬼Щ׷βˣѸɲһ·Ļңܶ˾̽ͷֵġ
Ǹ˱ˣ·ƴأͷˣŵĶӡ
ҸеܷŭһһŽߵڵˣ˴˼֮ܣһɨߵˣϲҽһˡ
ҹȥסĿֺñӣ˿ʼҵŤץӵģֵƵģҲ
ұʹ§˼£ͻȻϴĸо㶣ôģɻʱһˣŭ˵å㲻Ҫ
ϻۣſ˵ĳ࣬ŭӣüҧź촽ۣڿ·էһȥǸˣϸĳ˳򣬲֪ǸŮˡ
ιվűܣС͵ʱ򣬼г˿ͳ·׷ˡ
Ҳ˲ǰŮʲô·ˣ֪֮Щʲô˦鷳˵һǣȾܡ


539 ҪȻҽ
ſңͻȻ˦ҵ֣߷ߵĵҡ
˭Ϊʲôң˭ģҺɻ
濴˿׷ǵѾ˦ˣ龫ֵƲƲͣͷתҪߡ
ס˿ʣһ
ʮӣĿ㣬Ƥһ˫ȴ͸ǹ⣬ƺЩɵңʶĳ
ûиѽʲô¡ǵƤ˵
ϴҲҵģʵ
ʲôĶСһȴֱֲңڷܡ
ͻȻܰգŤס󣬵ͺҲô֮࣬㲻˵ʵĶҲȥһˡ
ôѽˡģŤСգѲ
ûʱģֻҪ˵ʵҾߡһɾһ
ſңҪȻҽˡ
ҵһԿҿɲں
˵ġҹ󣬾ȻĳɤӺˣ񡭡
û˵꣬סͣʱ·ڳ߿ֻߣһƫƧһ
ҧҵָһţּ˵㵽Ҫôѽ
㺰ˣҲûļˣʵкôյ
Щɵŵ˵ˣǲǾˣ
ǿ˵ǲʵˣҵĿ޶ȵġҸ첲۶
һҲϧʲôһģԭû뵽ˣռұ˾ˣװԹ
㶣ŷ̫żҲûôע⣬˿̺̫ˣȻ˺ƣֻ΢ɿ˵ˣ㲻˵һջһ㶪ƺȥι㡣
ðɣ˵ˣȴӦһ
ҽΪһӦ𣿡ŭ
ȴĿңֺõ˵˼ҾǶҳ˶Ҿ˵ҪȻû
ڹʱɣˣСɵ
ν㼱ֲҼҳԸС㲻ӦˣҾͲ˵ô졣Ȼʼּۻˡ
ûϵӲԣһʱŭ˵ҿԴӦ㣬˷㲻˵ÿ
ȴͷұ֤˵òá
ҼŶӣһܶӣˣ˿ܣԶиС͹ݣȥмˣҵթһֱܾ裬ϰ˲˵
˲ˣȻϽ˼ˮܿʵӣȷǣȴųԣҪ˲;ߣҵҿԴ𣿡
㣬˾͸Ͻ˵Ҵߴٵ
ͷЦӯӯĺܸˣæһݷˣ̲˼װˣֻʣһˮôȴԵĽζ
ʲôһٳԣʵ
˲С죬ȿˮҡͷǵģûϵҳԷҰôԾô
ٵ㣬ֻҪ˵ʵ˵ųϰֽ֣
Ѹ̻ʵģһװ
ʵҲûôء΢죬龫֡
ȴɫߴٵҲ˻ˣ˵𣿡
һ£ʵ֪ʲôأ
ҴӶóһ׹ƬһΣд˼֣֪
ҽ׹Ƭֿǰ˻Σ˵һֱڸ㵽ʲôˣĿʲô
ƳһۣͷҸģҾСʲôĿģдޣˣѾشˣ˰ɣ
ҼŴҪߣӵ£˵𣿡
ôѽ˵ʲôСû˵
ҽһˣҾСǰɣӦףҪʲô𰸣Ҫװˣһܲġ
㻹֪ʲôƿҵ֣
ܼ򵥣ôӽңҰ׹ƬͰӰʲôϵֻҪ˵ˣҿԵûм㣬һпԺ˵ҪȻ
ҪȻôв𣿡ͷңܲ
ȭͷϣͺҾвˣ˵
ҾͲ˵ôСˣȻʼˣˡ
㶣СҸ㣬ǸˣѾˣ㲻Ҫ֪¶ҶҪ𣿡
ʲô£ϧǸŮˣбѽȻܾǿԲҡ
ҼԱߵ˶ڳǿϰҲòԾʵôˣ𣿡
۸ңҲҶֶšСͻȻ˵
⻰һڣе˶עңó˵绰ƺҪ
һżסˣǮҪߣ˭֪ҧһڣּĺǿ𣬾ȾѽǱƭģҵ⡣
С˵ţɿʱ򣬶ϰ棬һ˫۾Ŀңǵӡ
ʱҼֱٿĪ磬ܲվˣϰȻҲ壬ó绰
ܻģȥҪСߣû뵽סˣŭĿԲָֻŵģ˵һͲǸöҲ󰡣ôأϽץɳ
ҼֱСļǣλŹĻᣬһ֮ҽƷˣƿȺҪߣЩΪηǱӣΧˡ
Сͷûſڴܳȥˡ
ÿˣҲ˺ǡŭһʼ⼷˹ȥĿСԽԽԶˡ


540 Ĳһ
ֱߵһСŸһ·ıġŴõĴӣʱʱĻͷһۣû˸ЦЦϷʤı顣
ѽոתһսǣȴסˣæˡ
Ҷ˶ϵķȭͷһסŭҿ㻹Ķȥ
㣬ҿɽˡСʼʩǽš
аɡΪ㣬֪ûаʲôģ㲻˵ʵĲˡһȥסˣַ
Сգգ۾ҧһº촽ԥһµͷɿңұ֤˵ʵ
ڸıˣΪ˱ܡһȥҺúõ㡣˵Ž첲Ťס˾·Ϲȥ
һϣһõ绰һǿյģҶʱһ£Ĵ˿Ȼڴǿյģҵֻأ
룬ѵǵڸղǸ͹
ҹȥҵֻˡ롣ֻ˵Ļ鷳ˡ
ޣſǷ㣬˼𡣡Сߵ˵
ıҸе֣˵ȥĻ˭ֻ֪ˣʲôСأ
СЦͷ˵죬ܵĵ𣿡
ô֪ҵֵģҶʱɻ
Сһۣû˵Ҿ֪أôˣҲ֪죬һְֽ֪ء
Խɻ֪ʲô
û뵽СĴ˳Ծ˶˵Ҳְֽ֪ãһ֪׼˽նɽء
˵ʱҲɸеԽĳԾˣüŮˣ᲻е¼йϵء
㵽׻֪ʲôأܻ˵
СЦЦ˵֪Ļкܶ㶼֪أҲõĻʲô˵ģҾ㣬Ļʲô㲻ס
˵⻰ʱҵʱ޷Լģѵ˵һʼڼң
룬˵СҵĻҾķſ㣬˵㻰
Сû˵㵱Ϊһܲ죬̫Լ˰ɣ
ʲô˼˵׵㡣ҾԼԨ֮С
Ϊץĵ𣿡Сг˵
ҲͻȻʲô˵ѵСˣ
ǵȻҸ㣬ղǲǾرĵ⣬Ѳ͹ݵ˰֮󣬻ܹסҵȥ·˵ģҸղеһֻǿѡС˵⻰ʱ򣬱÷ǳĹ죬ǺɳӰƵġ
㿼ҵѵ˵ǹץģȻңЩˡ
СЦӯӯģȻͷ˵ǵȻˣŵĻ߾ߡ
ôߣѵɣǻͻȻ䲻ˣҺɻ󲻽⡣
ԼȥҪȻĻˣҲҲˡСص˵
һ̣ͻȻǰŮķͬ죬ֲģǾô֮Щ鲻õӣ㲻ãСҺ޷£ͻȻʧġ
ͻȻ׹Ļôÿһζûзҵģôأûʶ¸ҵĻضֲģ˵ץסѽ
˼ȥûеҿأСյ˵죬˵ʵ㵽ôģܵĻҿôأ׼ôأ
㲻ˣСĻҲܲġ˵ţĸ첲סˣ룬ܹ֪ĻôܻҪҵֱۣȻĻʹҵĵָ񹦣ָʹ㾢Ļҿôѿ
СϸֵЦݣ˸еĺĹâ˾ɲ⣬ûеһͻȻĻҵģʲôס˺ƵģǺ˾ơ
һ˲ĹͻȻͷȻֱһסˣͻȻǰһƬڰˣʹ۵ʱ򣬷ץסģֻһڹ⻬ľͷСأѾӰˡ
֪ʲôǽն񣬲ɰյĶ绰ǵ绰Ѿˡ
㡣ʱ򣬲ԶǽϣСֻЦ˵
ҵĵ绰ңûУҪȻ
ҪȻҪôԭأרأǸӡСһۣû˵
Ҿ޵ݣȻһŮ㲻һԼڵжôǿأֱˡ
ųȥ˭֪ҸǽڣǰӰһΣһͷСѾӵһˣڳͷ
ץѽӡ¶ңҼֱÿɷ
СվˣҴӣûУ˵
Сؿбһۣı˵ޣбץѽģ˭֪ĲֱҴʧ
ʱͻȻ֣ԭ֮УһʼҾͱˣתˡ
ҿŵĴķ˵ʱҾ룬ΪʲôôȻִء
ǲǴ˳ԵģǸ˶ҪɣŲҵֵܹȥץͼв
˭֪Сǵ˵ܹ߳ӣҾб£ûе绰ҿôȥֵ֪ͨܡ
˵ʱȫˣǺܲһת׼ȥʱ򣬽ϾȻѾʲôסˣŶ˶ȴһͷԵڵˡ
һһԭѾһʴסˣʴһͷСţֱͳǰϹȥˣϱĦӲʹһͦվȴܵдһɱʱ²Ѿˡ
صһһɾ޴ҵıϣұķ˸ͷʱһôڵˣһҲġ
СһţЦ˵죬ģû뵽ôǸ߹ˣֻ֪ˣŶ
䣬תȥӣһȥεŤסˣˣС㶣ûüأһǽϣסĺŭðɣ˵˵Ǹʲô
ſңҪȻҽˡ˵
ǿЦ֮仰ֹ˵˰ɣ˵
С۾³ͷһϾͿҪϢһ
Ҳ֪ôˣܵӣ̲סɿŭ˵ҵôһ¡
ߣҾǲ˵ôСȻôľǿ
Ҽֱ֪ôˣǸ˵ĻҴ˿̿϶첲Ťˣֻڻ֪ǵ˻ѡ
Уڸһȥеǰ취㿪ڣٲȥ֣ҵҪжôӲ˵һסֹͣˣһֽСֱӿ˼ϣȾܡ
ſң쵰ǲʶôСһεŤͺտʼҴӳ׷һ
ҲŲǲǹʼʩأȻܣûأͻȻǰһһʱһɱӳϴˣҾΣյʱ򣬾һߴܹˣһæĶܣ§СһԾתǴʱ򣬳ͣżҾͿˡ
ȥʱһŮ˵ȻӣȡīЦķǳš
Ҷһϳԭշˡ
˿СԱߣ濴˿ͷ˵죬˱ŪԶͲ֪𰸵ġ
ʶ˵ųŲһ£е鿪ʼת


541 ͬھ
ҲʶһʶնɽռеˡŮ˾ǸС˵ţݺݵĵշˣ˷ŭͳޡ
ҲǰŮеԽĺ˭Ϊʲô֪ô࣬Ӱ֮ôأ
УΪʲô֪һЩʲôأͻȻСӦ֪ҪǴ˿Ҳ˼̫ˣȽշ˵
صһһߴܹǽϡҳһҳ棬
ǹǲɱڵģһڱصõӡ
ǼȻǹ˵бģշˣԴϴ½ˮǻǵһεжԣȻԸˡ
Ҳ֪ôҵҵģ밵Ӱ˼ߡҲΪˡ
˿С޵ĻԽǿˣȭͷֱ۷ֻǰǹãòŶܡ
֪ȥҲǰ취ʱֵĻҲӲġ
˺Ӧǡ˵ŵСǰವһ·˳ȥ˿һڻСԴϾͶ˸ۣһ£һͷԵڵˡ
ɱɱǡշվںʮֵš
һĳ߳˹еǹŻ棬ƲɵһǽӲĴ˼ȱڣۿҺС޿ɶˣ뷢ಶȥ
ٴεº⼸ЩѸٵѰ壬һ˺ǲҲǹСĵԸ
ǹǵָû뵽С¯ĵزˣһ㣬շһѣҲһóǹ߾
ʾС˺ȥܿ˿ζԸأŤͷһСȻˣҲɸеɻô£ǱߴǹžǴ
ҶһƣС֪ʱﵽȥˣΧǽϷɱţӯɵķ࣬ŲҴ֮УĶܹǵӵ֮һȥ˼ţȻǹߵˡ
һиɴ䣬ʵǳҵԤ֮⣬СֱǲҪ˰ðǹֵȥĶǰıֱ֣ˣװˡ
ֻΪôƴأЩ벻ͨˡ
ʱСѾ˼ˣֱշ˶ȥˣμ죬˼º󣬾͵շ˸ǰ
շûüܣתһǹȥˣС񲻵ܣǰ壬صһһӵǲĸ첲ȥģһѪۣȻⲢûֹС񣬷Խĳ嶯շ˳ȥкͬھ˼
շЩ⣬æ𣬴ʱСһһߵǹշ˱ûһѵӣСԴ
ȻûţתָһӼ䣬ӹȥˣ˼ˣǹֵ˼£ֱСȥ
ǵģҴ㽫ߣ˿ĴȫǲҪģȥĻŲ˶ãȻշܹԿһӣһȺ˴˿ѾӿˣСΧȥ
СģҺһѾȺһ̧סһ˵Ĳӣżӵ˹еĺ˵ƣ̶˼ۣһ赲һߺˣѾСշ˸ǰˡ
˿շ˾ȻСȵĽڽڰˣЩмܲסˣСȻڵģ޲Ͻշ̻Ƶġ
ڴʱһ˾ǹ׼СҪ𣬶СֻŹշˣûз
鼱֮£ҽеֱӳ˹ȥصһǹһ죬һߴС񣬲Ǻ˱ôһײ֮£ǴƫˣӵСĽűϣһæܹȥ
ĳСµģ˼Сֻ˸طҿһۣȭͷƺǲ
շСǰűЩ˹
շ˵ԴϢЩʧ룬ղСɱ̫ˣĶ㵽˼˺ȥ
˼𣬴ĳĽ
ѹţͷû취ȥֻõȴʱ
˿շ˵ֻͻȻѸٺˣóֻ񣬳ߵһۣŭץʱ䣬Ͻǣ㡣
Щ˿ʼӴ˻ҺСһۣѵȥǰ취ҪʱܣֻܱǴѡ
ҪŮˡСȴܲģһͷӵʹˣҽŤͷԱߵһǽڣһ˼£СΧǽӵХٶȹ죬ûš
ûãХľԶˣĻ𱬳𾯷עˡ
˱׷ᣬҪǽԸǣһ˲̧ͷͱһķڵˡ
ˣϽˣиҪҪշܻģ˶ţæߣ˳ӣһЩҲ׷׵ĳ룬ûüವĿˡ
Сʱңȥ׷ϣں§סȰ׷ˣϽ뿪ú
ҪɱŮˡС߷߲ƽĵɴ۾
һҾշ֮϶ʲôԨԴֳƺȴʱŤܣ˼Ӻ󣬾ԽԽСˣΣѾԶȥˡ
ͣЪϢƬ̣Сȴܲ˵ΪʲôҪѽұ׷ϵġ
ƾ㣿ǿЦ֮õĿɶǹʲôǴ򣿡ҲΪȻ
Ҫܣ׳աСԹҡ
Һܲˬȥɣ˵׷շˣֻ㻹ûȥͱץȥˣôҲҪ̣ҿʶһŮģֶμ̵ֱĺܣ˵һŮܶ˶ס
Сͷûúòãղ΢㣬ǿ϶ѾˣǸŮҲӦñġ
ģᱻ֮ԷģҲ֪֮ʲôޣҺ֮ҲŲĳޡҰյ
֪ϧˡСû˵
֪㵽׻֪Ҷ£Һɻ󣬽סĸ첲
Сȴüһ壬Ūˣҵĸ첲ˡ
ղ˵ģĶôƴȥġɿ֣˿ĸ첲һѪۣʶĳһ
ѽѽҪܡСŤ
𶯣ڲᱻȾģܵ˶ࡣҼɵͺһͷһ¡
С㶣գգ۾ң֪ǲҵĴüۼӹһ˿ɬôһ˲ʧ
˿ĺܹܽܵ΢ĺһ̧ͷһۣæͷȥƺⲻҡ
ˣȥøңô°ɣҺܽʵ
ʲôôѽС龫ֵͷ
㻹װ⣿ŭ
Сһ£ԣ㻹ôӦһ¡


542 ˭ĺÿ
Ӧʲô£ɱôߣҪ֪ҸղſǾ㡣㶼û˵лĻЩ˵ܲͷˡ
㲻ӦˣϣҰ˵˵˵ôСôǿƤİһۣŤͷߡ
ֻø˵аɣϣˣˣҪȻĻջġ
⻹֪࣬㲻Ǹ˵ġС˵ЦˣĶ˵ֶˡҳԷҪ
ҶʱԶԣͷǰƤŮʼðɣϣһ
벻ͨˣһҵǹս򶷣һŮƶµģŵĻʧɫСȴһνӣԵĽζġƺܾûгԱ
Ȼִ˰ȻһĨ죬Цӯӯ˵лл죬Ƿġ
˵˰ɣҹ˵
Ȼˣһߣ֪ˡСص˵
ȥʲôطҲ
ȥ֪ˣС˵ǰ··ߣһ
ҸȥȴɻʵΪʲô֪ô£㵽˭
ҾСѽ㲻֪ҵ𣿡СֿʼȦˡ
ֻҡ㡣յ
һֻݸң˵ͼƬ¶İɣ
㻹ʶأʲôʱʼҵģҺ˿ֻŽ˶
Ǵһõ׹Ƭʱ򡣡С˵
ôӽҵģΪʲôһûУҺ
СȴܽƤЦԼѣȴҪֱء
֣˿ûвô쵽ģʡ
ˡС˵䣬Ҹոշڶֳֻ
ҲڴĶʵǿףҺ޷ҵ͹ˣæֻû˵ǸС͵ɣǸ͵
˵˵㣬С͵ַֻѣֲСһ
һϽʮ˺ŵĹĹҲڳʵ
ʲôĹŶ֪˵ʲôСΪȻ
һСնɽΪʲôʡ
С˿⡣ƲƲҲ֪ⲻҵ˼ֻôҾˣʱºܴѩˮȥһȻȥõ绰ͤ绰ǸʱҰѰ׹Ƭϵġ
˭ģԽĺˡ
˵Ҳʶ֮ҪǿҳԷ־ҵķϣҲŲأ֪ҲֻЩˡС˵žͲˡ
ôʣտڲԣҪôƿ⣬ƺʲôࡣ
Һܲûа취ԲͰӰǵжԵģֻҴ˿̶˵ǸָʾµǸ˺ܸȤ
ͣɣǮ㡣С˵ſҡ
Ҹ˳ѣһ³ǽ⣬ǰһƬ淿ӣҪǨ˵ģۻľмõæµš
ʱСһڣͻȻӷдֻܳèèΧСתȴҲôѺãܾĵҡ
ҵˣҪò㡣С˵ŰѴõķ˶һڵϣЩèèѸٵĹȥС°ͣЦӯӯǣ۾ܿƵġ
ΪǣϲèҲ
ﲻޣǸһĿòáС˵⻰ʱüۼӹһ˿İˣݼţָֻƤ
ô˵Ҳ˹ͷʵ
ǰɣҪȥҼ𣿡С˵žͳЩèèӻ֣Ȼǰߡ
ҸͷһķǸ˽ȥªĲӣһƾɵɳʹ̣һӣӡ
סĵطƵ
ޣ𣿡СһͷһʯʲôûһóһһʼǱԡ
ʼǱЩͷˣСС˳Ȼˣв
ַ죬ڼϷţٲȻǸ֡
ǵԺͣ̽
˵ǾС˵żͷڵϵš
ҶȫУһʱҲ֪ŪʲôֻǴ˿ֻ֪ǹ֪Щ£ʵԸң˭ָʹ㿿ҵ𣿡
Ҳ˵Ҳ˵ģǸأȸøʱȻĺòãֻ˵Ƿ¡Сһ˵
¶ҺҪġǿ
ҲͬҪģͱˣҶ˵һЩˣɲҪôأ㻹ǿЩ߰ɣҪϢˡС˵ŰѵԹصˣȻôƾɵɳϱĿ񣬶Ҳܲˡ
Щȥɳһŵ㵱治˵
㷳ѽ߰ɣЩ²ô򵥣˵ˣҲûʲô㻹ǲ֪ĺãẦ˵ġСǲõĿҡ
Ժô㣿ʵ
һģôҾôС˵
ԸҴӿʼڣ𣿡ûôˡ
С۾С˵þ˰ɣһأһֱ㣬ÿξǸƬ׹ǣҿɲ֪
ǸСŮֽҲ㰲ŵģΪʲôǴûиҰ׹ǣҲ
ʲôֽҿûиС񵭵˵
㶣ɳԾûиǻ˭ģƭҡ
бҪƭǱˡСȻͷ
һʱ벻ͨ˭ڰأʱСͻȻһˣҲèèѸٵĶ˵ɣˡ
ΪʲôҪĶҺܲ
ȻҪˣѲģץסˣҾסˡС˵̰ѵԱţһ˸䣬ʾҹȥһ鲼סǡ
Ų̸ͣûжһ󣬿ʼԶȥˡ
˿ҺСرĽϡܹᵽǱߴ㣬ռЩխҲЩѹ֣СŴ۾ұεƣҲŷĳ쳬ԽͣĿڳķӯۡ
ʵ㡣Сƺˣŭҵ۾ȻĶ
ûãЩ˽Զȥˣ֣Ļҳ˵ˣҿɲǹġ
ҲŲءС˵ͻȻ۾תתͷĿҵ㣬ҵĺÿ¶ĺÿأ


543 ʤ
ҵѪ𣿡ҽԺ¶һҽ
ûأҪһҿ۵ӣ㻹ǶϢҽ˵
¶С˸Ƿҡҡͷûأллн֪ͨޡ
ҽͷ뿪ˣʱչˣȥˮڲĴͷϣ˿նɽͷ˿¶ҿɫǺܺãҪȻЪչɣ
û¡ۡ¶˵ȴԵúƣնɽסԺʼһֱԱغš
ȴ𱸵㣬èˣҪʲô̵ģ϶Ĳҵġ
¶һ£Աƺ˵ʲôȴֹ
ҪԵʲôȥϢ˵
û̫θأҪԼȥ԰ɡ¶ɫ㲣ϡ۾
һ»ˣ϶ֻ۵ġƲƲ졣
¶ɬЦŲأֻǵҰְ֣ġ
ҲôģֲûҽʿչˣǺαءȰ
ллһչ˺Լġ¶գգˮ۾
ɣȥԷ˳ҪʲôҾ͸ˣһԹˡֵȥյĻɡ
Ұְء¶˵
ʲôأֲµģҵûպִܹ˵ŰŹϣļõĵֵǼţ
ǵģ乧Ϲģϴˣһõֵ˵
úÿţϻģҳʲôӡ˵˦˦̷תҽԺߣڸ˸͹ݣ˷˵ȴš
ҽԺĲʱҽ֣ҽóš
¶ʵʲô𣿡
ģ鷳һ£ǽնɽ𣿡һҽ˵
ţҪãҰְҪϢأ˯ˡ¶ǵ
ܿ죬Ҳͼӵʱ䣬Ա߰æɡҽ˵ųӽȥˡ
¶ȥһҽŹˣʼóնɽϼһóʼ䱸ҩˮ
նɽѹˣ˿¶΢΢ЦЦЩ˵һְֱ𣿡
أְ˵໰ҽԸģڸء¶նɽ֣ͷ˿ҽҩ
Ǿע𣿡¶ʶʵ
һҽͷ˵ܣҩˮҩƿ£˵ĸ첲ܻеʹܿͺ˵ģȥס
¶Ӧһץնɽĸ첲ͻȻնɽ̫ԣͫͻȻŴɻʲôҩ
˵ҩ𶯡һҽ˵žҪ
նɽͻȻһƿܣڲ룬ԵȻ𣿡
֣ôأܿͺˣŻ׸ԭġ¶Ȱ
ڲ̫ҴɣӾͺãҽնɽ
ҽһۣһ˵ûµģãҩʱ䣬ǻǿʼɣҪȻ㰴ס
һҽͷȥնɽסˣȻһҽܾҪȥ
˭֪նɽӦܼңͻȻһưܸĵˣǸҽֻȥЩôأΪʲô
Ҳģ¶˵˵նɽɫܲԾ
¶㶣ȥˣԱҽٴµҩ
ô˰ְ֣˵ʲôѽ¶Ŵ۾
նɽϸ¶˵һ仰󣬲ʹ˸ɫ¶ʱסˣһʱЩ֪룬񾪿ֻת˲ţȶס
ôˣһҽ¶
Ұְ˵Ե㶫ȥ򡣡¶һ˵һ߹ȥ׼š
һҽסŰ֣ҡͷڲܳԶ㻹ǹȥչ˲УҪСʱҡ
¶Щҧҧ촽ȥ򣬴ٳԡ
˵оͲУ¡һҽͻȻɤš
¶㶣ͷնɽһۣʱһҽѾҩˣٴγնɽ˹ȥ
˵ʱʱ죬¶ͻȻȥһƽٴĴڵˣͬʱ󺰵˰
ҽһ㶣Ѹٵĳ¶ΧȥͳѵӾͳ¶˹ȥ
¶һܣƫˣȴǻĸ첲
Ƿˣ֣Ǳһҽ˵ţŭųնɽܹȥ˷ͷжһ¶ɱȥˡ
¶ǻǿܹȥˣնɽȴãۿһҽеĵӾͳնɽȥˣʱʱıˣһõֵܳ˽ǸҽӲײˣǵӾ˴ͷնɽðһ亹
мõֵܳҽ
¶æܣܹȥնɽεϵܣͳܣһһߺУҽԱԾñæҽһʱҲѲˡ
ôһ֣¥㶼ףöಡ˵
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¶ʧģҲû̫࣬ŮʿһնɽһصһţȻµġ
֣û°ɣ¶µ˵
նɽŴ̱ڲϣҡҡͷûأˣʿ鷳ǰһ¡
ŮʿͷһʿοǱţӦѾˣĲµġ
ллǡ¶˵ĸ첲ղžյһĻ͸е£ɿ֣һŮʿű׼첲
ǵĹأ¶ԭ뿴ǽʲô֣ñʾлģϷֲԾ
ǸղŶˣ𶯡һŮʿ˵
¶ȴϻ̳ϿֵĳһҲǰӰɹĶԲԣ
ʲôӰ˵ʲôǲǽŹˣŮʿ
¶ôˣնɽɻ
û£ȸҰְֿôˡ¶ָָնɽ
ðɣԼŮʿɴݸ¶תȥæնɽơ
ڴʱ¶ͻȻһʿ¸ƿˣĺ·ѪɾһǰӰˣʲôĿģ
Ůʿ¶ˣ಼´ϰγ˵նɽĺϣ˵Ȼ㷢ˣǾûʲô˵ˣԭ벻֪Ĵ뿪ģڿֻôˡ
Ǳ޳ܣô¶ţһ
Ȱ÷£ҪȻɱնɽŮʿŭ
նɽɫ԰ףһʱյû뵽ǻ׷Ƿʤ̫Сˡ


544 Ҳ
ұ죬˵Щʲô壬Ƕͷˡһ㡣һŮʿŭĿԲݺݵĺŵӾҪ֡
ȻǱ˺Ұְ֣ҴӦκ¶ѡЭﶼı顣
ܺã㲻ܹгȻԹԵĸߣĵ𣿡һŮʿв
¶˿նɽͷҴӦǣʲôӦ
ŶԣڰĶ¡ǳȥҪҺҽУɱŮʿͺţնɽųߣӾͶնɽϡ
ǸɴɱǰɣҪȥնɽ˵
죬ôŪǵʬ壬ǷǰӰ̫ˣϴ˵ˣüǣҷĻ֤ҪһŮʿ˵Ѿšնɽߡ
¶ֻںšȴʲôҲȳȥǱߵĴڼ˵ˣҽһߴһˣȻġ
ߣ㡣һŮʿ¶һۡ
¶Ļɱնɽôʱ̸ʲôõģҲֻþʧĸߡ
˵¥ݿڴûݣֱ¥ݣһ·û˷ܿ͵¥£ͣһŮʿǳȥѳŴ򿪣ȥ
¶ͷֻնɽܿ챻ȥˣһŮʿ˼ʻң˳ӣͷ˵ʵҶܿûˡϳš
¶ֲĳ濴˿֪һŹϣӿˣҲûлˣԥţԱǸŮʿĵӶ˶ߴٵûУϿš
֪ˡ¶εĻӦţͷ˿նɽҲΣŻĹˣӺ¡¡Ҫ뿪ͻȻžһһɫ磬ƿն
æͣһںɫ罫˸飬˳һӲıˡ
˶סˣʱ˿̣ޣ̷ɱһһٵ˵ǣһȫʬ
ãҶһ£ҾŮʿնɽĲסӶĺ
ҲǲĴˣĻ͹ɡŮʿЦ
𣬱ǵĻҪҡնɽ˵
һ˿ɱû˵ٸһѡĻᣬĻ֮أ
ӣȨϰɣŮʿΪȻŭ˵ôײʶôġ
䣬ѾȥӺХվͳ˹ȥ
һ޼ʱžһ죬ǰĵ粣֧飬Ůʿŵһת䣬һβŵļ˶ҡҡλεġ
¶æסնɽɴ۾ЩֻвնɽǸŮʿæߴٵŮĲöԸȰǴ˵쿪
ˣô˦Ůʿ˻ٴιҵţһ壬ֱܳͣĴŶȥ
·ߵ˷׷׶ܣǰ˶ײˣһʱֳġ
ܣûšջ䣬Ѿȥ׷ųӿ񱼣ۿǳѾ˴ŵһ·ϣһһɫƿնȥס˳ţקޣӲסˣЩĵǰС
㣬ټţЮնɽŮʿĺ
Ůʿӿţβҡҡλεĳ·
ٶٿ죬ҲԵֵ⳵ٶȣûӣŲѾˣ֧Ųסȥ˱ǰУڵϷ
գѽ¶ͷţĲУҧ촽֪롣
նɽɫأ͸ϧǼѵӣҧгݵĶԱߵŮʿ˵ɴɱҰɣĥˡ
ߣҵҪֶܼãٿ㡣ԱߵŮʿ͸ŵ⣬Ůʿӿٶȡ
գҧקޣȴ˿ûз˼ܴ˿ϵ·Ħ䣬ǽקޡ
·ߣЩ˺ͳͣĿɿڴĿǰһĻ
ɣӡŮʿӺӾ￴˿Ե֧Ųסˣһת䣬˱Ʒˣ˼ºٶȳٻһһ뿪˳ţڵϴ˼һԾվ
ϵˣ˵ϵĻҳܲĿųӾȥȭͷ졣
˦˰ɣֱɵҪŮʿ˿ӾЦĸӵˡ
ҲǼӵĹһһ·ĳյǳ˾ֻóһ춯㶣ҿ˿ųǰУǰĳҲԽԽˡ
˿հųķ紵Ķ̷ƮƮǹҫϵ˺۸Ŀһ̵Ůսʿڡ
ǰʮ·ڣŮʿЩյĲţͷǳʵ㣬ָ˻ǡ
Ƕǻ˶к³ġնɽŭ˵
죬ϲģ͵űĥɡԱߵŮʿնɽһ⣬óֻ˵˼䣬ֻ󣬶ԿŮʿǹӦˣʮþˣʮ·ڣǾš
ءһڴʱͻȻһ£¶һһӰܹˣţ̵Ӹճʮ·ڣûʻԶˣ̽ͷһȭͷ˹
ЮնɽǸŮʿһҽУĵҲɵ˳ûеץסˣϹȥˡ
ŮʿҵţͳջԳһʱҲԷֳʤ
¶״־סŮʿͷ˳Ƽ˳ĵӣŭĿԲһͱ˹ȥŮʿ϶˸Ѫ鴤˼º˱ϳ˳˵ϡ
Ůʿһɲձ˦ˣŮʿϵͬѪģѾãѸٵĲżǰɱȥ
ص˲䣬ֳ˵棬ţ޼ʱķ˳ȥһ˻ԭĵ粣˺ѿ޲ס˷̵ͬʱŮʿϡ
ŮʿæܣʶĲɲûعһ߹ȥסĲӡ
ֱһŮʿ˱˳Ӳ׵˰֮Уһ죬Ůʿ˵ڵϣǱĴ˼󣬸վһѾǰһһȹȥŮʿͷһᣬ˷۾һһͷԵڵˡ
ȥ˼ţŮʿڶˡ
¶նɽ˳µĿա
û°ɣޣǵѪ˿߹ȥȴһ˿裬ɨһ·棬յ˵үġ
ֻԶʮӴӳڵĳΧ


545 
ôѽ¶۾ֻŲķնɽĿա
ƴˡ˺󡣡˵Żޣڵž죬ﷺ޾ɱŭĵųһȺˡ
Сĵ㡣¶ѵ
Ǳˣߡնɽһ·ĵӵɫ൱ء
ջͷ˿Ǽĵǰ
ǵȫѹǼǵˣϣȫŪȥһȺӺš׷׳ɱڵΧ
վţȻǰקôԶľ룬ЩˣԭѾ˵˵ŬӲţȻļˣܿͰһЩˡ
ͶǣĺѿЩӶݺݵĺţצ˦Űӣֺ
ȥ¶ȴߡյͺһ˲ǵѪ˿
¶˼̫ࡣ˿Ȼڴϡھûе֮ǰ·˳˷׷׶֮⣬ûæ¶նɽĵӹ·һӿܹȥŲ·
ȻûܶԶͱӷͷסˣ¶ŭĺǳǱҪȻҸƴ
СѾͷƬӣƾ㣬˵㡣һӵЦţ־ȥ
նɽƿǺӡ¶ҧȭͷ˵ǶҵŮҹ
ȥ㣬϶˵˼ţնɽֱӱ߷ڵˣѪ˿ıһӵȣ¶¶ߣ졣
֣ǲǺ˼ţնɽȴɿɫѾúǲ԰ףѪӿڱˣ鴤š
¶۷˻ĴǸӣһһߺſҰְ֣쵰
Աһֻһƹȥ¶͵ڵˣǿ񱩵ĴնɽۿնɽûȻţôڵϣƾȭߡ
һ¶ޱȵľͱߵڵϣعͷȥ˿գ˿ջںһȺţ¶㣬Ȱְ֣㡭
һ˺ѷΣ¶ջ䣬գһкͻȻ㶣һһߵڵˣͷȥ¶նɽ˲ڵߴţ¶㡣
ͻȻһһ߹ȥԱӱӲ߷ڵˣҺڵϴŹ
գѪܵһĶ̷ɱֻһȭͷͽһĺŴȥһţһͷԵڵϣһͷˡ
Ƿһ㣬տ·ϵˣ˼۶ĳ粽ͳ嵽·
˿̣ӻڴնɽ¶ǸܵŨҵɱʱ򣬻ͷһһɫƿնסǵĲӣҲգۼ䣬ӱקȻصȥв֪ʱһѵӣ˼ºǼӵѪ
֣û°ɣ¶շնɽ¶ѾҪˡ
㣬㣬ְֿ첻ˣôѽ¶ʹĸ첲ЩĵȥնɽնɽȫѪ۾ˣһϢˡ
ģ۰أµġհοţնɽҪߣĽŲͬʱ¶һ󾪺۾Щ֪롣
¶Ԥе鲻Ϯɱ׶ܲãֱתնɽڱͬʱס¶źһһѵյĶϡ
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¶ҲģѾ˶ȥˣҵֵǣЩˣȫȥҰӰˣܲ˵ġҺܽ˵
ɵϣˣСʱ򲡹һΣ֪ʲôĽ¶ҡҡͷ
֪ôźã¶˶ӣҪҽ
Ӧһ¡¶һͷҡ
˵˵һˣһټһҶӦ㡣ҸͷĹô㲺
˵ʵһжʱ䣿¶ʡ
Ҳ֪ôش¶ʣҺ𣿡
Ҳ֪ˡҡͷ
¶ЦЦѪ˿æָãҵ˵ûʱ˶𣿡
УǻһأкܳһŻŵ˵
죬㰮𣿡¶ʡ
ͷᶨ˵ҵȻˣ¶˵Ϣ
ҲϢһ۾ͿˣӦңϽ𣿡¶ڴ˵
һ̣ҿʵۣʹļľӵס˵ãϾȥš
ҪԸѡɴ֮ǰ޸㡣¶ˮӯӯڴ
ãȥ˵ó绰ڷ붼Ҳá
һ᲻㣿¶ɫ԰ס
Ϲ˵ʲôأ𣿱˵ˣϢһȥ˵ŷ˯£Ǻ˱ӡ
¶˵죬ҵ㡣
ҵͷţˮӿ˿̵ۣҵľʹ
ȥ¶˳Ժ֮ȥѡɴ
ԭΪһϲ죬Ǵʱ˿̣ҵǳʹģһ㣬̣Ҷ֪Լʲô
ҺǣǷ¶һʽʽ
ɴ¿ҪԴ𣿡һۻԱʣЦ⡣
ҿǰĿĻɴôƯ¶ɴӣһġ
һΪʵģۻԱʵʵĻ˵ģΪʲôûԴأ
ˣһƯأ˵
ǸϹۻԱ˻ɴݸңҾôɴӯһ¶һɴ꣬Ǻԣˡ
ɾˣɫصĿҡ
ţ裬һʲôѡ𣿡Һܰ˵˵
̾Ϣһεû뵽˻ôô趼֧㡣
裬㵱ʱ޸ҵʱôģʡ
ӹһ˿ӣȴŻҸ˼ʱǸҵĻ죬;˧ôأȻܶ˷ԣҷˣһ޷˵ļ޸룬ǻ飬Ȣˣһοġ
ϧԽʹ۽˸⣬˵裬ûκε뷨𣿡
ôûأĵȻϣԼĶȢƯţ¶⣬ֻϣ֮Ҳǰĳŵؼͨȥ׼һ¡˵ҵͷתȥˡ
Żɴȥ¶ѾӻˣʱڷﻯױҽЦôĿġ
漸ױ˺ʶȤĳȥˣţ¶˵ô
ܿģġ¶˵۾ͺˡ
ţ㴩Ϻòã˵óɴΪ¶ϡ
һֱ΢Цţƺڴһ̵١
ÿ𣿡¶ƵھǰתһȦڴĿҡ
ҿ˵ӣͻȻռҵʱÿҸ·龰Ϊ˻ɴȴֻһˡ
뵽ͻȻʵ㴩ʲôġ
¶ָҲᣬԴҽԺ״̬һֱܺã֪ڼװǿ
ǽŶӣᣬ޺òã¶΢Ц
ţҸղ̫жˣڿϼ޸ˡ֣ȴģҶôʱͣһ̣ΪʲôҪԴңҸȴҪ̵Ķߡ
Ҫ¶ȴΪֻĿ뿪
죬㣬Ȣһ𣿡¶ͻȻʵ
ΪʲôʣҲ
¶˵ֻǾãԿˡ
ֻһҲᰮһӵġҺܼᶨ
¶ỹˣ૵㻹ҪӦһº𣿡
ʲô£˵ҵ
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ӣһӻкܳĺòãʶҶã϶Ҹõġ
ûбõˣҵΨһ
Ժǵ𣿡
ģһֱǡ
¶ܶݵһ£Щվȣ§ҵĲӸҶ˵ҳΪŮ˰ɣ


550 ҲԸ
ҪģԶǡ§¶ҡҡͷ
¶ң˵ǲˣ
ôᣬ˵ˡ˵Գ֡
ҪҰɣҲź¶涣ҵҡ
Ųźοڵ״̬ʺϡҡͷ
¶˵ûжˣٴοţֿʼѪ˿
æȰ˼ˡɻɡ
ţӣ˵㻰𣿡¶ܳ˵
˵ɣء˵
¶΢ЦƯҸУ˼֪ҵһοʱʵһرĸо
ʲôرĸоǾҺɵܺʵܺ۸𣿡ҹɵ
¶ȻһЦ˵ŲأȻȷˣܾʶ֪ΪʲôԼ㡣ȴôҲ㡣ʱ͵͵Ŀ㡣
㻹ôףҵʱֱˡҺЦ
Ҳ֪ôˣҾ۸㣬۸Ҿﲻôˣ֪Ҿر˼¶
û취˭أҲûѧֻˡ˵
¶գգˮ۾ʵ㵱ʱôҵġǲǾرĺˣƢأҺᷳɣ
ĶУȻСۺͻƢҵʱһۣ;ŮĲʵҲһˣôʶءһ
ޣ˼ҵȷܺأʱÿ۸㣬ڴأ뿴ú췢һ¶㽡
ѽʵʱͦõġûеòԵĻԸ۸һӣҲɡҺܸп˵
¶̾ϢһҲһӣصǰʱǲ𣿡
һ̣¶ҲʼʱԵһֻǸζѡ
˵⺰磬׼ˣԿʼˡ
ҪҪϢһٿʼʡ
¶Ϣһ£ǿվͷҿԵģҵһѾܾˡ
Ұװˣ¶ϵȻҵĸ첲Ƕһۣš
棬˺ܶѣûô֣ҵЩǣպնɽǴ˹ˡ
նɽڱ˵Ĳ£ΡΡǷ¶֣˳ŵϵĺ̺߹Χ˿ʼơ
ҿ¶һӳգЦ⣬Ǻնɽ໥߹
ͻȻ𣬺ܾǰǸƵҺ¶һߺ̺ʱǣϲʱ˿̣ңʱ򣬼޸ҡ
ƺҿһ̫ЦҵͷȡʱʶҰ¶ʱ򣬾һֵĻ񣬿ڣȴԵúܳʹ
ҿܶ˶ĬĬᣬǶúϧܰˡ
ɫܲ԰ף£ѵõİȴǿˣҴûмô޹˵
¶նɽĸ첲ĳһ߿һǿջЦѪ˿ԱߵЩң׼ȥ¶ǰȥ¶ȴֹˣĳӲţװǿ
ɺ𣿰ְ𣿡¶Цѩ׵ĻɴմȾѪ
նɽͷʹĿ߹ڽ¶ֽҵ
Ҳ֪ʲôζҪˣȴ޷ٸŵΨϧʱ⡣
ԭ룬ڵʱնɽӦö˵Щʲôģչ˺¶֮Ļ˵Щʲôء
ףǵĻ˵ڣѾݺˣ˷ȥһĿǣ˿̵նɽӦܵҪɡ
ңԼҪȥ룬ʲôҲ룬ֻĻʽ
¶̨֤ǰ
죬ǷԸȢ¶Ϊޣƶ󣬶ҳɷְ𣬶ʼղ벻֤˿ʼ
¶ڴĿңϣԽԽ
ҲԸ⡣ҵĻش˶Ծ
ܶ˶ܲ⣬ҽ˵ҲԸҲԸ⡭
֤Щ֪ôˣ¶˵죬ôˣ
ˮӿȣҡͷҲԸ⣬¶뿪Һ𣿡
죬ɺ𣿡¶Ȱ
¶᲻㣬ҪһһӣˣҲһȥʹļף˳
һᣬһߺ侲㣬¶ʱ䲻ˡ
Ҷ˶٣¶վסˣ§ڿƲסԼޡ
Ƿʽ֤˱ʵ
¶ЩҸϽ˵ͷ
¶ǷԸ޸죬ƶ
Ը⣡¶û֤˵꣬ѿڶ
ָ֤˵
¶۾ˮ̵ģһôϣһܹãܹ񣬶ôϣԼ칦ܣܹʱ䡣
¶ҲӦңһΧ쳣˶ĬĬĿǣȻˡ
ǾҸ¶Ͻָʱı۾ҸЦݻϣȻ֣̱ȥ
¶ߡҽıڵϣоԽԽ΢˺ѷεĺҽ˭Ⱦҵ¶
նɽĵĳܹһͷԵڵˣôĿ¶
˶ˣҶΧ˭޲ߵġ
ұ¶ĳܣ̽˼ҽ¶չȣ¶ȴһûκεķӦ
ҹڵϣͷʹȫ˷ִ硣
磬¡ʱ򣬺˹ǽӡ
ĨĨᣬ˭
֪أȥɣ˵
ҹȥʱ򣬿ſһȺΧһˣڴţּ죬ȷ磬ô˶
ͻȻ˺죬ϸĿԼ֪˭æס֡
˶ͣȴȻܾ裬˿˿ң˵ҽȥ˵
磿ʵ
ңȥ˵ժȻ硣
ʲôҺܲ⣬ÿ
羯Ŀ˿ܣ˽űˣܽ˵¶ġ


551 ϣ
Ҫô¶ҺܲĿ磬ȴ
ҿ˵
Ѹٴȥ˿̡ҽǶ¶Ѿ޲ߣܶ˶עϡ
ЩɵĿа𣿡
ҾΪ˵Ž˷䣬鿴¶״üͷ˶٣˳˼֮С
ʲôܲУսĴߴ
Ҳ֪Ҫξ¶ҲǺɻ󣬲ڵ¶ʵǺ̫Ҫһϣˡ
ֻԿ˵ţȡһ
ʲôҪʲôЩĵʵ
ҩҲԾ侲˵
㶣Ķҩ
񽻸ҵġĻ˳Ծ
յ˵¶ġʲô֤ݣôҩǷЧأ
Ծ֪ˣûѡ񡣡һ
ʲôʱҩεģԽɻ
翴һۣ˼˵ûʱô࣬Ѿˣҽô˵ģ
ҽ˵¶졣鱯ʹ
ȥоȵġӺȡһ֧ԹܣãɫҲأһɫ͸һ˿ջ
Ȼҩɲҳԣһʲô̵ģô𣿡Ȱ
ԵĻûô̬ƺܼ˵꿴ҡƺҵ
죬ôģʵ
ҵȷ֪ĶŪҩȻðűץסΣӦö¶ûʲô⣬ȻҩǷЧδ֪
¡˵˽նɽ
ɽ硣翴նɽʱܿ˶һۣնɽǳԾ
ôնɽʵ
˵Ժٽ͸ɽ硣¶ֹۣܲҩܾȵ˵
նɽһ˿ϣ⣬˼һ˵ܲҺ絥һأ
Һյͷųȥſڣúܱˡ
ΪʲôҪҵöүġձߵԹ
ŶͷеĲʹ࣬һʱ䲻֪˵ʲôãֻص̾Ϣһ
죬¶£Ҫô죿˵
Ҳ֪Ҵûᷢ顣Ҳͣĳ̡ļ٣Ĵģ֪¶鸴һ̿ʼҵƺͱͿƵġ
һ˿棬͸նɽڽ̸ʲôҪҪҩ¡
˿ɿ𣿡ҡ
Ҳ֪ǵֵ֮һʿķ磬û˵˵
һμôҩʡ
⣬Ҳܲ⣬ҡͷһʲô£ǲ˽⡣
ҪҪҩ˵
Ҫְֵľˣܹ˵
üۼһ˿ӵ˸̷ƲƲҪҿðɣ׻˵ĺãҽ¶ô⣬Ҳأôģ
ϣ漣ҲʧȥĲ롣ˡ
ҵļοҲ¶£ô춼ˣôѶͦȥˣһҲûġ
΢΢ȭͷգϴҲֻһҴӦҪչһӵġ
죬һҸģһᡣ˵۾ˣŤͷȥóĬ
ʱſˣնɽҽȥӣӦѾ̸ˡ
죬ҽһҩնɽڴ˵
ҵͷֵεҽձ쳣ţҽȡһҩʼо
ô𣿡ҽҺܽʵ
ҩĳɷҴûм˵ûһİգðȻҩĻֺܻܴĸãӾϣǻῼһЩˡΪҽε˵
ҽĻش˶һѺƬ̵ĳĬûãմƳĬҾò԰ɣõʱ䲻ˣٵˡ
ҿϣ¶ڻ˥ߣɿնɽ壬øɣҪҪҩ
նɽȰĿ¶üۣ˶٣˵ðɣôҪԿ
ҪˣڵѾ޷һ㸱ã˵ҩȥͻᡭҽֹѵ
ãֻĿ¶뿪ѹ˵
ڸҩˡҽ˵óһ֧ԹܣȡȫҩעҩǵɫҺ建¶ľ˶ס˺
СʱڣͿԿЧҽ˵Աغš
˶Ա߿ţȴ൱ÿһӣһôҵĽľһĬĬٸ¶һλᣬһᡣ
¶ҩʮӵʱ¶ͻȻһüͷָ˶ƺʱѹˡ
һϲûгһӣ¶ͻȻȫ鴤źúǼ٣Ѫ˿亹ģرܵӡ
ôˣҼæ
ҽϽȥס¶ֽţɫŵ˵ҩĸãܷĥͦһصĻֻǡ
ҪôǸʲôһ
ʲôҲˣֻпԼ־ˣϣܹסҽ˵ſʱ䡣
¶ȻڲţŤ˼ºͻȻͲˣϵͻȻΪֱߣεεĴ̶һд͸ҵš
¶¶ҷ˷Ƶĳȥı¶ͷۻ˺ݺݵһӣһʶҪʧȥˣİŮĿ뿪ˡ
նɽŶͷ־Ǵδйġ
쵰үģʲôƨҩ㺦ˡշŭĳȥ·סˣͺ
ҲģҲ֪ƾմţʹҡͷ
ʱƺһ̶ˣΨб


552 ף
죬ߡͻȻ֮䣬Լ¶ΪԼĴ㶣Ż¶Ȼ㲣һҲ
ţ¶šҼĺ
⣬ûܰɣҽһ£ҡҡͷƺЩš
ģ¶ˣû𣿡ҳϻ̳Ͽֵĺ
ҽ˿ȻҡͷĴɣûʲôļ󡣡
æ˵ģںңٿ
죬𣿡ʱִ¶
Ҷʱסˣæ¶յǰϸ
죬Һ¡¶ֿʼ˵ˡ
ʱʼ˸δδͣһֱֿʼԾ
е˶Ƭ̵ҽҲ޷󣬸Ͻɸ¶Һһ˵ֱ̫ˡоȡоȡ
ҿ¶ٴλ۾ʱ򣬲̱ڴǰڵĴһ֪İ¶ֻˣˣ漣ʹ˷ˡ
ãûˣ̫ˣҾ֪ͦġɿ磬ϲջˮȥ¶¶֡
¶գգƤ¶һ˿ЦʤգҼÿЦҸЦ֪Ұˡ
¶ˡնɽܼΡΡ߹ȥͻȻݺᡣ
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Ҫñ̫ãȻѹˣǲȫˡҽĻӭͷһưˮ
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ӡ¶ĺš
۾ȥЦЦȴ֧Ų֪˵ʲôá
ôˣ¶ɫȻ԰ףܹٴĻҲ֪࿪ġ
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ӣô뿪ء¶΢΢ЦЩ̧Ҳȥˮ
Ҳ֣һʱпǧٴξ֪֮Һ¶ѾѷᣬҸڿ֮
Ƴһ۴⣬ʱȻϴôģһ¶Цݡ
ҲֿˣԶҽӵסһͻ뿪
磬ллҩΪ̣˲裬Եĸм
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ҵʱҲôֻýɩðһԣʱɩӺԥΪҩûо飬˵ʮֵðա
ʱʿǲڳ⻰˵ģƲ
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֪ɽ統ʱ˰ӰҩɱˣˣҲµԭȻһֱɱɱģɩӱϾǸŮˣ־µģС¶δҪǸʱɽֺæֻ⡣
Һʿ󣬾һֱοɩӣȰһɩԥ˺ܾãС¶ôҼǵ˵Ļ˵ӣҲûа취ְֲڣֻˡʿİ£С¶ҩ
ҼǵǺҩС¶һݣʱʿҩûеģҲǰӰƳģҩԺ˵Ծһ
С¶ҩ󣬺ܿתˣһ֧ҩɩӾͽҡ
º󣬼Ĭɸ̾ô˵¶µҩʱģ
ûΪʿ˵ҩҪΪܱ棬С¶ȻˣĲпܸǱ൱ĳãΪԷһһ֧ҩͱ
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ͷ̾ǵģɩӵʱҩңҵģʱѾɽˣѾ뿪ռҵ׼Ҳҵʱû̫࣬Ҷۣһɽ磬ɩҲʧˡ
ռҸл㣬磬Խ¾Ϊ¶ɣʵ
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翴˿ң˵ҸģֻǺܿϧǣɩʧˣҴӼӳҲһ棬˵ûй
㵱ȻûУҺ¶Ķˣ磬һݡ˵˫ֱȭ
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磬ʲô㣿ʡ
ɫһ˿ӵŴڲ±ץסҳҪĿģΪ¶Ϊҵٻ
⻰ʱӿһΣ˵磬ûбʦ㡣
һֱʣʲô缱е
ҽٻӰץߣֳ֮ˣڼ䱻ѵɱ֣ϴˣΪӰ£ȫ˵һ顣
ԽԽģԭϣͻȻһӶѿˣֹһ˿ɱᶨ˵һȺ
磬ڰ̫ңԴҺʦҲһֱ˰е䣬ϧûκεε
һȥģݡ߷߲ƽ
磬ʦϢ֪ͨңҲҵһΡ˵
翴һۣͷһģϾһ˵ޣˣ硣
ȥſڣͻȻת˵ˣ¶ʲôӦǵȥʿа취Ҳа취ġ
õķ磬ҪСģȥ㲻Ҫ̫ģʶӵĶӳãһʱ̴ǱߵĶ򡣡˵
ˣκβңܴгͲôױץסģֻҪúչ¶ˣϣȹѹأٻᡣ˵꣬ѹñӣҴҵʧڽͷ


553 ף
죬Ҹоô죿ϵʱһص¶ͻȻգˮ۾ңЩ֪ˣѵ˵Ķģ¶Ĳҩĸ
һŻŵȥҵ裬Ҳ̫ԾϽʵô죬ʲô𣿡
裬¶е̫ôأҽĺ
㶣˵ѵ˵¶ҩи𣿡
˵õġò̫ܣϽɿҽҹ˿ɡ
Һǽ˵
Ͻѽȥ󣬽ҽҽҽ¶е̫Ͻȥɡ
ҽȥ¶ʱ򣬲üͷеɻ
ôʵ
Ŀǰ̫Ҫȫļ֪ҽ˵óȹһ¶ôأ
ǺܺܣҿɡҾµûţҪµĸо¶ܵ˵
ҽ֮󣬿˿˵ΪĲԭ򣬿ҪҩֻĿǰҩĲûʲôֻҲΪġ
Ҳûа취𣿡¶ǵ˵
ѾˣʵǺܱǸҽε˵
ҽǰѾҩΪʲôǲܿѵ˵Ҫҩ𣿡Һ˵
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557 
ʱҰѽѽĽҡ˿¶ͷʾҸһȥ
ʲôɻ
Ұ˳¶ָָָָԶֱȻš
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Ұ˰֧ţҲ֪ʲô˼Һ¶תţһСѷŸ߰ĶҰ淭ܿҵ˼ӣùݸҡ
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ҰƺΪ֤ԼǶԵģȥͷ͡ƾˮȵĺǿĵӣȻٺٵЦЦͷʾ¶Ҳȥһ㡣
ҷ¶ȥ¶˵ˮҲһЩԴѾȥüСʱˣҸеۣ¶״ҲԽԽˣǽһˮֿʼѰ·
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558 
죬ҶӶˣоۡô죿¶ңô㲡
ʱ䣬ѾˣȻûҵȥ·滹һֻͻʱ˹Ϊ˰ȫڼ䣬ÿγȥѰһ͸Ͻֻطʱǰȫġ
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ӳڵϣյҡͷǺڰΪʮþȵģû뵽ӣ
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ӳһʼڷǽģЩ֧Ųסˣûӣӳûʲôˣ㶣ôˡ


562 Լ
¶ΪԵʣһʹ˶ˡ㺹ģЩ˵ҾˣЧܾãǵץˡ
һ˿Һȥǣ𣿡
Һһȥҵ㡣¶˵
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ֻԿҪһЩߣñʼһһھҪʼ޸¶˵ü˼ʼ渵
ֽʣһһļˣ֮ӵҺȥЩչɩӣǺܿ
һҲҪЩһᾡΪ¶Ʋ顣ʿ˵ֽ৵дЩʲôȻԺ˵һ
ӵͷӳȥˡ
룬¶ʿ֮䣬һղĽףʽףϵǵ
ʲôˣΪʲôҲҴ򣿡ʿ
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һʿ˵ûӰ˻ûбֳ˸ǿĵˣЩ͸صĲǱĸʱзˣѾ֪䣬˸һ
ҿ˿¶͸ǳ룬иΣڳǿǵˣӵĿ
ڣֻϣʿ뵽κ¶İ취֮¶Ҫ޸⸱


565 ͷж
ӰѲʱ¶ʿһڷо޸Ƿҵ棬ļ١
Ǻܹؼһϵ˵ϾϼزŶԿɲǼ׵顣
¶貢ʿĳҲΪѣʱü˼ʱԥʼղ֪ô±ʡ
һֱȵ°ҹҶƣ룬¶ԭѾȽŶͷѵҡҡͷε˵û취޸Ҫʱ䡣
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Ұ¶鸴½һ顣ʿأ̾ϢһĿǰĲ鲻ܹģǱϵĲھʮ󣬿˵ݱˣĿǰ¶ʣû취⣬ҪҵЧҩ
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ȷҪл¶ĸȼ֮ҩ籣ܡ˵
ȡҵĽ飬ʱڲ鿴ҩС¶Ĳ󣬾֪һвô򵥣Ծ͸취ʣµҩñһЩ˷֣֮áʿ͵
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ȻУǾҵӰˣȻڰҩЩҩǺȽġûͨģҲǵĿģܹȽҩ˵ǵĿƼоǺȽġʿ˵
һһ·תתҪصԭ㣬Ҳ˵ҺͰӰ֮䣬ʼҪһĽ棬ҵǣҪǣҪҵҩ¶β
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ʿЦһ£㽣¶ϣһжȥĹȥʱǿԺúõһڡ
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磬Ұ˵İȥˣֵǶʼжˣһаӰϢһ֪ͨģͺúչɩӡӽ͵󣬾Ϳų뿪ˡ
ǵĹҶܸˣ¶ڳԹʿƵҩ󣬾˺ܶ࣬ǰһģȻôĽˡֻ֪ⲻʱĶѡ
նɽ˵ģ˼죬ɫҲָ˲٣¶ȻüЦģŮڷ￪ʼҳˡ
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¶Ĳ⼸츴һΣʿҩʱܹƣϢһָֻˣһֱץʱڴЩаӰʱһս


566 Ӱܲ
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ˣҶڿźķ羰пƴӺˣвٵڿЦȴͷ羰
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֪һ٣ֻǲ֪ԵĽʲô


567 
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ѹʵȻ˭Ӧǵģ
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һ̣ΪһжˣʲôΪ˹ȥһֻɫƿնƵģӲĽ˻Զ
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ƾǼҲôԲİɣӰͷĿšƺ˿ûаЩ˷
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575 Ҹ
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577 ĵط
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578 Ҹ
˵ɣ㵽Ҫô⣿Һǽ˵
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շͣƬ̣Эʲô˵Ҽֱܲ
Ͷˣͣ˰ɡ´Ȼߵշǰʼ


584 ɻҶϵ
ȷҪһж˵ǾᾡץӰͷĿģǴɲȥðΣյġѶҳˣȰ˵
Һ¶һۣ˵ִֻħΪǼûйһ찲ӣҲʱ׵˶ˡ
ҲҪһҵˣΪ˳׵ĸıˣµ֮Էͷޡ¶Ǽᶨ˵
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¶ǣҵ֣Զ˵ǵȥҽͬ
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ҹĻٴνǵʱ˵ƻһĹҹȴȫȻ֪һܵץжȻչˡ
С׼жϿʼ߾裬Ŀƻˣ򲻵ѣҪ㿪˼޹ڶԽָš
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Ѿˣ참ϽˡԱȫװҹæ


585 
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侲ǻᱣǵİȫߣ졣ԱҲʼɢȺ
ң˸һȥʱڵ뿪˼Աߣش˹ȥ
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Ҹ̽ͷȥֻò̫ԾѸһһӵ͸˳ţž޴ĳǲҵͷƤȥġ
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586 ׷ɻ
ЩΪôױץסڸһᣬҪô뿪ҪôǾơʯ٣˭㣿ͷĿſ񣬾ŰťصĻζ
ÿ̸̸ǹߵͷĿǰŭҾ㣬ĻͷӵըҪȻһǹ㡣
е˼ֻϧµѾˣŬô꣬ô׵ķأҿɲ̰֮෴ôҪᣬҵ׬һˣˬˡͷĿǵЦͣĿ䡣
ӣô죿һԱǵʵ
Ϊжָӹ٣ѹ޴ۿ˽ҪͷǺܳţ˵˶ˣ浽ס
ӣ¹شǻϼɣһԱ
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Ҫʱʾ˵
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ֻܲ΢ŤӣӴ̴ҵļһľʹѪעͷĿ˳ЦţĿȥɡ
ۿģǵѾҵĲϣѪ˿һָסһſӣһƳۿ˿ʻ֣ǼʻԱڻŻŵĿš
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587 һǧ
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һذֱҶ鼱֮£һƫͷذ׾ֱҵļϣֱһ飬ҲֲסɿֱֱۣͦͦԵȥ
ԲҾ֪һеģԣֱɣӰͷĿЦֺġ⿪˰ȫֱ˻ա
˿̵ķɻѾҡҡ׹ˣӰͷĿֱӹȥֱᶯɻ˸߿գƺĵĵֱȥ
ʱ˿̣Ҳǲֱ׷˹ֱˣֻΪ̫ԶûдС
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589 һķ
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Ӧòǣûв´ĻӦǼľˣû뵽ǻд鷳ˡ˵ţ»˵Уߴȥ


590 һ취
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