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ȵ׵żܣܿ䱦ıӴ˼Ѱܣ
й⣬һŮƸӵϷ


1 Ī
бһǰִԼһ˫ջٿѤףҪǮ̸ɣǼҰ׳԰׺ȰסѾˣνĽǮǻӴһȥ޻أ
˵һͨδˣüëһֲ˼䣺ӴȻȥ޻أҡβͣǰɣ
ͷһʹ
Ҫ򲻵ѣʵûа취ôǮ
ǰĸ˫˫һΪһҪз໤ˡδˣ͡ľӡ˴̻ҡ
ĸ׻ӢΨһ׽㣬һڣɷ棬Ůձ꣬ѧҵڱеĽһְȻֻǸСְԱڻУǡгϢġ
ȫ˻õһǮȥǶӣҲǶӣݾֻд̣ɴ̺ʹ̸ҵķӲҵȴ˿ʼ໤
ҲΪʮԪĲҵҪȻôԸ⵱໤ˣ
̺࣬ʹ̸Ͷǰ߶ǮûʣʲôĿ֧ҪǿϴѧͲǮˡ
˵ʵиĳɼǰμģƿһѧʲô⣬Խǳɼã褺Խʹ죬Ҳǲһ˾Ͳһţ̼նƽʱҲ䳰ȷġ
ƽʱҪʲôѧϰĿ֧ǶѵҪǮȥǾøջÿڵ㣬Ϊ˳̸߿ҪһҪٿǮ͸տ˿ڣջյĳ̣ǮȻҲǲġ
ѹ޷ݣԳȥ·ãĿ޵ĵߣˮۿ﷭ӿĸʱǼġʱԽڻǲ֪ϧ˷Ҹûĸ۰ĺݶ磡
Ҳȫ̺ʹ̸ôõҲ֪ܵĿԽԽǷߣֻǸоӼ쵽͵ļˡ
ëëϸ꣬˿ӷ˿ϵ䣬۾һƬϱһҲǱģ˰ѣ
ҪôѵҪԼҪӣÿԼŬ飬õĳ·
϶˵һǮѵӢۺοǡӢۺأ
Ĩһϵˮǰ·ȻãͦͦأƫҪһԼϾҪʮˣֺýŵģȥһݶʱ㹤Ǯ
ĿǰҪϷ̫ҪҲ԰Լϴǿٴֱˣʮʱ͸öûǮʱûõȥֻǸ׸
Ҵϱʹ¾Ӫ䵱ҵͭǸʷƾõϹųǣȻǲҡһרŴһеġִ֡һשߵϽȻڣڸ¥ִеԵñһ
һС͵ĵ䵱̣ʲ̸һݵ裬ҲӹܾӪܼƣ̸Ҳֻһ㣬ûرҲ
ȥմ׬СǮҲֻȥЩ䵱̻߹꣬ϾСĿȾܻǶһЩһǿֱȥӦһ¼
ĸ£ϵҲֻˣһǿԭֵһİٴֱһϴһ糤СԲκʯͷ
ǸģǲֵʲôǮΪˣ񣬵ǴϺʵĸоСϴȹƷãСԲʯͷȲСɣ׾Ͱϡ
ȥ䵱Ǳ߲Զ۶ܴСҽݵȥȥʶĵ䵱Уڵĸ߲ȥֻ¸ұǮһװһٳ
ڽͷ˼£ëë꣬·ϵ˶ɡҲûעҲ˼¿ġţ䵱̡ȥ
䵱̹ģ󣬵øĵ䵱Ҳһչһ㣬ʮƽĵһתǲ̨ĵƵ£̨Ҳյġ
˼ۣЩֻεȵȣ浹ûմƬ
ҲֻһˣǸʮӣе֣͹ⷢͷĨ˷ͣᵽԺ˸Сӣиԡ
ãж
ڰŪеһƻֻ̧ͷ˿ֱǲжҲǲʲôġ
۹еģԼ֪ӿɲǮʲôӵľḻȻóҵֻӣûбĵԱͱĿˣʡõı˳Цˡ
Ҳ˵ֱӰϵֱȡݸӣϰ壬һٴֱˣ뵱
Ӱֱ˹ȥϸ۲ֱκȻֲڶҡ¡
˵Ʒģڵļٶ̫࣬㲻Ǽ棬ҲƭٴֱͿԱʶ˵ǷƷȻٴĳ̶ȣҡһҡûɶ֪⼸⣬Ӿֱ֪Ʒ
ҲԼĶôôãжֵǮ䵱ģһ׶úܣ˵ٶ඼ûãκһƷļֵɵ䵱ļʦȫе䵱ֵ
˵ٴֱҲǸݳƷڹڵۼѾֵģʵϣǲֵǸǮġ
һֿ˿˵Сֵܣ浹ģⶫȻģҲ֪
ϰ壬ֱ˵ԵǮҲûеĵ䵱ϰǰ㡰թҲ˵ֱӡ
ЩϰΪѹͼǮͻս簵ʾ˵ⶫ·͵ģ˾ֻܽܵͼۡ
ӳţһ˵ǰĿʽѾֵͣеģļֵǲܸļǮȣ֮һҲǧңõ䵱еĻֻܸ۵ɣײ
ףͷһ䵱ֻۣǲôϸĸһ˵ļǮôģӸ˵ô࣬ҲûС͵ʵʵڵĳۡ
ǻһ
͸еĵѺֻ࣬Ϣյøߵö࣬䵱̻һޣصĻֻҪı͡ϢȻͿûص䵱Ʒ
ۼ̾Ϣһҡҡͷϰ壬ȱǮҲ֪ʱõǮҾֵʱû취ֱԻɣ
ĿԵ䵱һк
Цһ£˵£Ͳ˵ˣ룬ְѲǸŵĺɫСԲʯͷȡݸӣϰ壬ٿⶫֵǮ
ЦŽӹȥǺЩøУӹȥСԲʯ鿴ʱְڰַ°ɣվͦۡ


2 
СԲʯͷ⻬˿ϵŵĲλǴ۶ϵӴһ㣬ǸλĥһԲεС˿ϵŸոպá
ⶫ϶ʯҿҲһӡ¡ԲʯͷͷβˣһͷԲñһͷƽͷôطһܹŹֵġơ
֮ԲΪǡ֡Ӿֻ֣߹׭ֶմϱߣʵòˣͿӡ͸ֽϸԿ϶ֻʲôƣһ֡ԸӰмץ׽ʦдġͬ
ϸһһ߰ѶݻظһҡͷЦ˵ⶫһûʲô϶ֲ񣬵ֲʯͷ͸ĶҾͲ˵ĺûֵˣСֵպã
ӹһ䣬Ҳ֪ôֲһ£ʧְСԲʯͷ䣬Ӵһһ죬СʯξȻˤˣ
Ѹʰƽ̯УСʯͷȻпգһЩɫҺ壬٣ֻмεӡ
ʳָ˴һҺմָƤϣеĸоҲ֪ʲôһԥ䣬һҺҲ֪ǻӷ˻Ƥˣܿʧ
ҲӴһ㡭СֵܣⶫҿǺúõݻصϡ
ϰģҲ㣡ЦⶫԼʧˤģ˵ϰʧˤˣҲҪ⣬ֲʲôֵǮ£СѣֻҸ׸ģе
һҿСֵ˲ɣٴҸһǧ飬͵ڵĻɣҲҪϢʲôʱͷأ
ͷЩжӸزʶĳŵǺԵİæȻǵѺõǮ븸ĸǰЩʲôٿԼ״̴̸ͱ㣬ʲô
һӣŵЩʣϰ壬лл㣬롭ϰҪҪʱСпյʱæ㹤
ӺǺһЦ˵ðСҲû빤ˣⲻæҲҿк񻹶пյĻ͹֣ʾ͵սᣬ㡭ɣ
ҧҧͷһĸǰȥˣڸ̸סһ𡭡
Ӵ˴ֶðβŷʣ㡭ǲ㡭㸸ǲ廪
Ҳ˴˵Ͳʶ棬ȴû뵽¿ĵ䵱ϰ廹ʶ֣ͭȦӵȷ
һı֪¶ˣϽֵˣ˵ЩСһǧǮȥ⡭١
ȷӸˣһǧǮϰ壬ֻҪһǧҲҪлл㣡
ֹ̾˿˵ҲУһǧһǧԺпվҴ㹤ɣȱʰ
廪ĶӺøУȻҲĺǿһϴ÷׵ľ·ӿ϶òôãͱȻȱǮû취ǿˣҪҲòɫá
зᣬʪ󣬲뱻ӿ飬ͷлһתߣ׷˳һ۵ɡС꣬ðɡȥ
ɡʹҴ߽УɡһͷӣԼӡ
ںִеСţϻţţֽţ򶫣пվţ
Ҳ֪˻ͷܵԭֻͷĿѣ۾ڣͷֻǧòˣ
һ·ײײĻ˼ңȻⲻļңļң˸ѩë޵ĲɳϿӣƼһʪݣ̲סյذˣϽˣ
ݻһ·ֲͷȻȫֻɵ˯ǿȥϴּϰѰѿĵϸɾ˲Żط
һֱֹͣҲûȥطһأڴϾʹ˻˯ȥ
һЩֵΣһڻ𺣣һڱɽӺȣȻֿĸǰĸ¶Цֱǿǲ˵
ˮȥ§ĸĸתߣô׷׷ҸĸıӰҲԽԽԶֱʧ
ڵϷޣŰѼǰüëȳ⣺ʲôҪȥҼﺿ
ȳüֱŵһʱģʹһͦ
Ƭ̣ŷΣĺȳȴǲ٣ʱվڴǰʲôƻΣ˯ɥһĽУϽʰݣô˰׳԰ס㻹û
ûȥŰ̧ոбüĵڣһµġۡҲǼ£̧Ŀʱû˿ѪȴһܹŹֵ
ϸһȻ·ˤ˵ǸСԲʯͷϵĻƣֻҪһЩʯͷǸСӡ£ֻпͷһСһëǮСӲҴ·ֱȻڼеӡһ㣬Ȼɣ
·һЩҲͿøˣôû·ʲôܹ죬·Уײᱻ˹۲ע⵽ִ˴ʱûʹĸоʹ˼£Ͳ
ˣôܵȥģСԲʯͷѾˤˣʱλǵãʯͷпҺմʳָˣѵе·ЩҺйأ
Ǿ·ܵҲֻʳָմģôܵȥˣ
䣬̵ִĺȳϽ·ȥϴּϰѴɨ⼸Ҳÿġ֮һ
ֹͶ˵ϣк̸ͱճͣһųͣϵشɨ
иʣǼҳ㷹˵ܳԱʹůܻŲģûȥѡ
̸̺ճԹͺոȥϰ̻࣬߶һȻСȥ齫
ŽͷϡͣĩϿΣȻȥ̯תһ¿ûб˵Ľ̲ģ̯ϵȣǼǮһһڵ£ȫûñȣͷ֮׵һǧҪ̤ʵ˻
ҪҪȥţǶæɵţϰǸˣΪġˡ
ʱţǰ۵ɡȥɡϡ
ƿŽȥ۾ϣ۹һɨͿǰպ˵۵ɡ֪ô£۹⿴۵ɡľƱʺʱȻֱʺϷһ괦ưһɫ
𡭡Ȼһȫһˤһӣ


3 
ͣһ鴰⣬磬ôС𡱣
ٿľͷʺУȵķ֣ɫȻڣ̲סʹȥ۾ٿɫľʺ棬ƺ΢΢ζ
ûзʲôŹ쳣СǰְľͷʺõУɫȻűʺеƶƶƶλãɫʼڱʺϷǱʺдñһ㣡
˺üΣȷǱʺǵʺǴԼҴģԼҹȴûпȻôһơʲôԭ
Ӧòۻȥϴּľգ۾ȷʵûĶܿ
վʱֵַĵطӾ￴ľӵӰʱȴɫˣջ۹⿴бŵʵʱȴֿɫ
չˣ
첻ѣȥľϷôʼǶɢ
ˣô£
ŪʲôԭУȥѰңȴûĶôֵġ֣
ѵľʺʲô֣ȥﵹǺȻ뵽Īľʲôأʲôʲôɫذɣ
һ뵽̲סˣͲҵȫ飬Ͳ¶ľƸͨľͷĲ࣬ⶼͿɫһǳᣬҲʲôŶ
Ͳܼ򵥣Ͳﶼûʲô⣬ṹҲܽգ϶ĲˢǿС۶Ҳһ˵̫ʲôĻء
ɫôֵģ
ĻǲУûʲôϣ
ҲʲôֵǮҲ᲻ãСû˼£ͲĵӾѿ˷϶˿ȻȥСĵİ⿪ǿԲεĵƬͱһԲεıֻǺס
̯Ϲ۲Բεʱ־ȵķ֣һɫȻ뿪˱ͲƵǿԲӴ
϶ͲйŹ֣Īֵ϶ͲĹŹйأ
ԲһĵӱиԵķֽߣ²λװ룬ֻףһ鱡Ӹġ
Сĵŷֽߴķ϶һûʲô˿ˣСӽҿ۶ľһɫ
ԲεײǸСӡôһӡ
óϸŵһӺŨ̴ζо˺ʰ
Ӿ͸ӵӰЩиġ顱ƣľʵӣһʮ˿š
һĲ̫죬Сڸ׵ĵ߶˵˵䣬ǲʮӿſ·һһ򣬴СһɫƢǺöҪȻôô˼
⴮ӣƸ׶֪Ҳ֪ļֵΡ
ٿϵĵ׸ǺӣѾûɫˣѾܵԼǴ棡
ԭĳ⴮ӵԭ
ŪɣȻ㲻Ϊʲôӻᷢ
ǲȥţʣô˵
ţ򶫵ļʶãܽ飬⣬ţ򶫼һһڱͲľжټֵֵǧѵģٿĿǰɵöָ࣬һ˰ѧҵ붼Ҫȥ룬̫ȴһ˰ʵһЩ
ֻϣ⴮ľмֵģϣ
ȻһǧǮȻûô˹ȥ֪ݾ˳·߹ȥһСʱˣ߽ݾĻʮӾܵ
ţ䵱̡⼸ʱͷЩůſھţ򶫡ǺǺǡЦͳһ߽ȥһ˵ţϰ壬ҿӡ
ţǰûɵĺܷɣΪκͺøУûϵǣ˵ŷڵĲֻţһˣˣţ⣬ˣǣһ˾Ȼ̸棡
ϱһЦȻƼǰ󵱼ͳʣʲô
ηĲ֪˵ʲôãһʶ߱Ƕᣬ۹䵽еϣ۹šಡվʹյǰ
㡭㡭СҶ̴ľ飿
һ಻ôϤͷô˵⴮ӻмֵģֻǲ֪˵Ļʲô̸ڳĵͺǲڡ
ţƺóĲڣЦǺǵǰ˵С˵Ҹ̸ҲˣΪСȲţһλǰǹ̩ɽţʺһɣ
ɲ֪ţʶּô顱кȳҲ˼ֻˡ
ĶһϺáĻֵһ棺̸
һҪʻȴֶ˵ˣСѣ⴮Ӹҿһºò

Ļ᲻ӦϽ˹ȥ۾鵽۹ʱЩ־ĵͷ
ţ򶫿̲ס΢΢üסû˵
üģɷǵĸоŷֿƬ̧̺ͷţ˵СţŪһˮ
ţȻӦʣĿϽ˵ţϰ壬ȥˮ
Ҳûţ˵ǷӦͿ첽ȥźһģķ䣬ţŸԿһ£һǳһңҵĴǿյģȻûס
ڳѰ˸ӣˮһˮȻȥǰߵĵ棬ﻹڲ²ţͷҪһˮʲôϴֻϴ


4 ֮ⱦ֮
ʵʵڵĲ´ˣ
ͷϴֲϴǰһϺڵķŽˮˮһͣûУֱӳˮס
ͷŤͷţ򶫺ͷСҶ̴ľ飬ʮ˿ŵģ
̴Ҳܲ죬˴Ťͷȵӣ
ҧҧشǱͲ﷢ֵģҴӼǸľͲ
촽˶˵ʲôͷţ򶫣ջû˵
ͷֱֱĶʣСѣ⴮ԸԸ֣ҪԸĻͿۣ
Щͷ˵ĻһǱʾϿ⴮мֵȻԸģֻټ룿
ǧǧ
ԥһ£뿪ǧĻֻ²ǡͷţ򶫶˵ʨӴ󿪿ڲ֪ߵغԥԥָͷȻһ¡
˼뻹ǿǧļۣҪ̫ߣ˵һδѧֳ࣬һǮ˷ѵˣɲҽм۵ģ㷵̬ǧýиˡ
ͷһ£ֿ˿ţ򶫺棬˵СţСܣǱʲôҾͲˣСҶ̴أҲ𿪿ڸҪˣλСѿļҾҲߣҲռСѵıˣɣʮļۻеͣҸʮʮļ۲̫ۣҲͣȥиʮСҶ̴ھһѵʮļۣСѣô
˴ͷΪҪļʮ򣬻ʮ֪ô˵ˣ
⣬˵ȥʮķʮ⴮ֻʮͷʮǮȻǹġ
ֻ̫ˣ
ǴйɫⱾ֣˵ǲڱͲֵǮĺö˭أ
ˣʱһţǴΪʲôðԭģǿһɫ̸棬ͱտڲˣûɵû£
û΢ЦСǲǾ۸ˣҪԼҿ
ҲǸ˼ϿļѾܸˡ򣬺ҡҡָϽشţʮҡȷʵеκ
ͷһЦǾͺãֻҪСѾüۿ˾ͺãţСѣп˵ңҴ绰˸תˣ
ִ˴ҡͷûпš
浹ǿ˵ϣɣ⺢ҵֶĸǰȥˣڸסһļ໤˰ɣǸУѧûпҵпʿӰɣ
һ棬Цףӹϵҿû뵽УСܣп˵ңתˡ
Ҳûѯ˼˵ĸ˫Ǽ໤ˣһӹǮȻӦõġ
ţϵеŹֵı飬ûг˵ʲô
ȻЩԸ⣬ǲ˵˺̸˵Ϻţ򶫵棬̸ǮԺҲ˵׳԰ĻԺҪʲôѧУ֧Ҳÿˡ
Ҫǣʮ˴ѧ͵ʮԼģǰ̸ˣѧķùƾͲʲôٲ԰빤
ȻõʮǮƣͷԷ̣ɵɵҲ벻ʲô
浱ͳǮȡһпӹ͸˲绰пϵĺ룬תȻݣڵ绰вű˺Ųʮӣֻ֡͡һ¡
ֻ˿Цϣʮˣллϣ
۾ŵﲣ̨Ŵûж໰Ҳ⣬һָֻﵹֹţҲ֪ʲôʺˣȻӱͲѰôֵǮı
ýţ򶫽̸ˣҪȻǮ䵽ԼСҪԼʮ򣬾ԵĲ͸¶ǣ
ļ㹴ΪʮǮȻַ֣ţ򶫵еĲ̨УмƷҲ˹Źֵġ
˵еƷļСĶֻ࣬ҶǡһֻӣС豭Ʒͷ紦еɫġ豭ȽϵӵŨһ㣬̬ð·𣬵ɫȴǲͬ
֪ţ򶫣̸ûпǸɫʱţƷǲмֵĹƷ
Уð£˸ڵСΰʲôûҲЩ²⣬һ˿أǱ˶ܿ
ţֿ˿̸Ц̸ˣԥһ²ʵϣţϰ壬ҡʸ¡
̧һɣ˵ʲôʲôˣϽȥɡθϰϰɣǴ̸أ
˰΢ЦСʲôʣҵǾøرԵ˵ɣ
˵Щ㬵ҲͲ֨ˡ
ָŲǼ˵ϣţϰ壬ǼӦֵǮƷҾһ£ֵǮƷǲǻ̹ȵ
浱ͳϹСſڿӣʲô̹ģϽȥɣ
ЦСѵĻȤҲſڿӣʷ鵹мأɶĶ֮˵й⣬ıᷢ⣬бԲⱦһ˵ȻҲֻǸ˵ܿⱦ˿¾ͺܺˣ
һϯͷһѵǡ
ܿʲôǶһ˿ˣͷҲǻ϶᲻˵ţ򶫺̸϶ҲܿǶû˵ǿִɫģ
ȻܵĿ࣬Сʾɵ⡰͡£ֻͷ²⣬˵ֻһ˿õ϶˵ˣԺʹ̸ϳҲ󲻵ǲֻһ˿õҪȷе֤ʵ
ţ򶫡һЦСģҲͰų棬ЩִӲƷɲܸ˼ҵȣӰ˵ʲôգҲͻСС͵ۼ⣬һ۾Ϳˣ
ҲЩ⣬ЦֵСѣ
ߵǰȡһɫոɫ鴮ִʳָȡһֻɫ̵ָЦŶ˵Сѣ㵹Щٿô
һƺҲζҲͦʣһҲû̫ǸָǾӨ͸ɫˣݵλȻǡĶ
ЩɣΪƷûпĳ֣ĻͷΪʲôɫ֪ͬԭ򣬵ƺСĶмֵЩ⵹ġ
ţ򶫺Ҳ£˹۲飬˿һ󶼵ͷţ򶫰ҲŵǴˮεһҲˮ


5 ǮǵĻ
ţ򶫰鴮ˮ˳øɵëСĲˮ˵ϣ⴮ζƢˮнʹҲӦСҶ̴ʮֵӦòСһ԰ɣ
ǺЦСҶ̴أ׳ľ֮شˮϸţëվʹЩϰ㿴͸һû˵ǺǣСѣô
˵ʱŵˣҲ
һ£ɫЩ֣Ͱ͵˵ҾáҾá⡭ֵǮ
ʲôܰɡ
Ϲ˵СӲ֪ߵغſڿӣ
ǰһţ˵ģĺȳ⣬εݣϵвģ
˵⻹ţ򶫺Ĺ۲⣬˵ֵǮǲϹ
˵ġֵǮΪûпȻ뷨Ҳֻǲ²⣬ϾûСһ˵Ǻõ뷨ûоȷе֤ȷ
Ǳһͣβ˵ôΪ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôı仯ﻹЩоһ²ŶĲƵĵͷ˵ֵǮ¡
ţ򶫿Цҡͷ̲סٶȳ˵˵ˡ
ǵͷ̾ϢһСѵǺǺǣһԭСţСû˵ģǾǼٻǸ߷Ʒ
ٵģ
ţ򶫺涼һͬĵܰɣ
ҡͷЦ⵹ģڹһö߿ƼƵģǾƷ˸ţһǾҵݲٵģӸСҶ̴߶ƣˡζָĸ߷¶ȸߣһɫɫ΢ټСţˮľƷҲ̴ֻͺľıشˮСҶ̴ֻǡǺǣϾǵǻûС
һ죬˵еûʲô˱ȽϾ;ûطˣôҲһеģδɵСӱȥڣ
ţ򶫵ûʲôڣͷȴǾףļ໤ˣ˵ûϵġ
ˣĸϲ˵Լҵĺܸɻ
ĵģֲǶ˵ҪǱ¶һ˶õ϶͡࿴ˣԸϽţ˵һе£ϣţϰ壬Ҿ͸ˣ˳ͻؼȥ⺢Ҫ߿ˣڼҶิϰϰΣ
ͷ룺ԶԶԣѧҵΪأȥɣԺпģҸ⺢ӵЩͶԵ
һֽݴģ뻻³ȴеͷŮҲŮڽϰ࣬ҲӣʵյҪҲߣȥŷһֶݰ棬ɫĺƯȫúƣһֻҪ
Ǯǲ࣬Ǯԣ䵱̵ԲҲŮĹʲߣһ굽ͷܱסԼĿ֧Ͳ򳵿϶ҪĸǮ
ڵӭжˣһ߿һѰ˼ôոǴʮ⣬ǮпȻǲͳˣֻǻҪҸȽĻɡ
ںţľɵĽݴﳵǵһܼʲô߸ʲô鶼Ҫȥ
û˼ȳˣʮǮðŮ򳵣ȻͶʮԼеγȥеӣƽݴʵ̫ûˣÿθѾۻͣ
⻹ʮŻ褣ҪȻ򳵼ƻǲͬģʮ͸պûϣһֲʣȻѹûҪһëģ
浱ͳֻŴ˸绰ϻؼ˵
ںһԣƴ̸Ǹ֪ԼʮҪ϶ѣֻϧʱϺţ򶫲˼ڣ˵ʱҲ̫ˣûǴ龹ȻֵôǮһʱҲûת
ͷ齫ӵĵ绰ֹ˼䣬ʲôҲ˵ֻҪϽؼңպ˼ʮǮ㬵˰ȥ
ؼԿ״žͼڿɳУϹ̣üȴûʲôԾĵط
Żˣ϶˻֣طȥҸҪ˵
ͷطҲһۣŵʱûйʵһ˿϶Ȼź߿Ķ
褰Ѱɳһӣ۾һᣬյҸպתͰҽл˵ʲô£
ѹЩ£Ҹ˵¡˱ʲơ
ƣʲôƣ褴˴ǸţȻʣ棬㣬ǲĸǮˣ
ޣʱûǮǮû˰ɣǻ£Ҹ㽲ҵһϱͲŪһʮСҶ̴飬ʮǮ˵ǲǷ˱ʲƣ
ʮ򣿡
һϽСϹʲôôǮ
ǻм٣ָԼ۾˵ҿҲãȥǸϰպҹȥ̸⣬ûпҾ˳ʮյҵĿˣǮ˵ûм٣
褡ȡһһڣ̲ס޵ܣôôˣʮ򰡣ʮôء
С㣡ָָķţȻֵ˵ţҸ˵ʮѾ˸ƻղǿ˳׼ȻԼʮ㿴ʵ̫̫ƣȥһӶûӾӣûⶼ˵ǰɣ
㻻ҲûҲҪãûʮĳӰɣҿʮĳӾͺܲˣͷҲһǮ
褶ɷ򻻳µҲܾΪ߶ܳʱˣʲô¶ųӣɽݴﳵʵҲûӡ
תֵУʮǾҪˣĻҪиɰɣ
ݺݵ˵ʲôɣƾ֤Ҿ˵޹ôһҵϾ͸ȥʡ򹤣ٹʱһǣʲôɣ
ҡҡͷʲôҪ֤ݡ϶ǲеģܹʮп˰ɣţҿã˵ֵǷ治ծҲʮծʮǵծˣ޶֤ɵ˵
̲סЦܸɣԣô˵޶֤㱨Ҳûȥ飬˵һδĺӣǴˣ˼ǻ
褺Ȼ˵Сڷűȴ˸һ
һҲ˵ף̺ʹ̸޳鵽زңֻûʲôģʮ϶Ҫˣʹ뿪Ұɣ


6 
пˣѾ˾ڷԼʰһ´װãȻȥѧУ
ͻ褻ڿ˷ܵʲôȥʱҲᣬʲôҺ˾£˵ǰҵĲҵǣǻ̼ʮҪȻнҵף
ɴϴѾ׶Ҹ첲иСƶĵ£ûбԺҲòˡ
һеĴſѾкܶʦˣȥУ칫ҵŻţҲ͵ٳߵʯš
мڴ򣬸ʮԶʯϻкüŮڿ򣬶ʶģҲ֪⼸ŮڡŮڸ̸ǹܣʦֻ۱ֻۣܲ˵ֺαȥķ
㲥ŵ˫ĸ۹ⲻԽľһߡ
򳡵һˣľΣκһƬݣĻò٣ĻҲŵǸˣ
Ĳ˼
һʦΪʷƯŮ˿Ͽ顣
ƯƯĲ˼̫Ҳɼ̫ãҲͥԭ̸֮ѧȻ࣬ȴûĸȥĲ˼
˵Ĳ˼Ǯмڹֵʲôٶ֮ǰиϻúܲġϴ󡱿Ĳ˼ȻУſӲ£ҪĲ˼̸ѡĲ˼漴˸绰Ӻһľˣǰϴһɿ⡣
ƽʱ׺ò˵ġϴһȻʶɿǶˣһҿԣһɿ˶󻹱ϹϾĲ˼ǸϴԺûȥǡĲ˼ˡ
ഺ٣λõĳɳڣܶѧȻԺ󷢴ƣȢĲ˼ϱ
Ĳ˼ȻҲ֪Լһ죬һڵصĲֻ࣬͵͵룬Ӳȥ¶Լͷܹ룬ȻΣǿ϶ǲʵĶ
̾ϢţУ԰ֻûѡ
ˣһУ
ˣഺ
ˣĲ˼
У񴦵ſˣԥ߹ȥ
УҵĴ꼶İζط칫ֱ֣ѧʦİ칫ǰ
֣ѧҵĽ̲ģ̧ͷȥҰɣҪϿˣ
ڰǼΪ˵͵֣ѧ޻൱ϲģҲǰΪһѧĵȼС
ҡҡͷЩѵĿ˿ڣ֣ʦҲϿˣ˵һҪѧˣ
ѧ
֣ѧ޳һϵĶҲˣƬָ̺ǰ˵ʲô¸˵˵
Цֵ̯̯֣ʦҾҲûʲô˵ģ˶֮ҼҶľҵҺúѧȻܹҵȥȥǮ˵ҲһΨһĳ·ɣʮУж״Ԫ
֣ѧһ֪µôôĸ˵ѧǾ˵аգҲģĸڸһʱͳ˫˫ľ̸ңƽʱɽ̲ĺͱķþ֪ھϵѡ
ҲΪĳɼرã֣ѧ޻صȥҷù褺һ̸֣ѧ޶
ѧ治֪ô죬ʱ䵹ϵùԺϴѧˣһ༸ǰ϶£ѧķÿɲСĿһǧ˰ٵģһʦҲﲻˣ
ƽƽҪѧҲûжԼ˵̸ĸʲô֣ѧûɵЩۣ
˰Σ֣ѧ޲ʣľˣҪ㻹ǵȵ߿ɣôԹ˵˭Ҳ֪£˵㿼Ժʲôµ
ȻҡҡͷЦ֣ʦǰҲһ뷨ʵֺ˵ǾǲܵģҲһʺҵ·ӿߣ֣ʦֻ˵ллˣ
֣ѧ̾һѧȰҲûãǾ̫ϧ̫ۣð˵֪Ȱת㣬Ҳ˵ˣɣʲôɣпջǼǵðѹθϰţѧУţԲϿΣѧȷţºĸ߿ԣʱٸϵ֪ͨǸʱòã
֣ѧ޾һȻͷҲصĳȥʦأ˵ԽԽࡣ
صͻ褻˷ܵļƻۣȻȥʱ㲻ѧУϿؼʲô
Ȼ˾Ҳûô־塱̸ĸˣĵһӵǰ£Ȼ˵̸̣ЩҪ˵
ľٶû褺ܾ⣬ΪǵУǡβ͡ģڸǡƽƽӣ
褳һ²˵ʲô˵ãҲлҪ˵
Ҳȣֵ̯̯Ǵ˵
Ҫ˵ĻȰһ࣬˵ˣȥ˺кЩҲû˵ֽʮֽģ֮ǰûǮҲû˵˷ʮˣ⻰ǾͲò˵ˣʮˣҲֻʮܹǼҵĳסãԼûǮˣҪˣ
кһ̣ҿɲͬǰӻǿҼҲҵģʮҰ֣˵ҼҲҵǮУɲǰ׳԰׺ȣʮǿ˲ȴҰֽǵǮ
㲻ϣ㲻ϣһӾ첱Ӵֵ˵ûĵĶ㲻ϾˣúúãǾʹ촰˵㻹мʮ˳ˣȥĶȥĶҼҾУҲˣ
̣ϣһߣŬԼƽЩҵѾʰˣѧУҲѧˣھ뿪Ǽңʮ򲻻ͲǱҰ֣
褶ʱúֱһӣ顱һ죬Ȼȵô㻹뷭˲ɣ
Ҳ˵طȥϣԿ׶˲輸ϣ̸̣һνǣϣԺúúõģˣ
ҲͻգͷҲصﳤȥѺһɣشֺαǸůļң
ţ䵱̣ţû⣬һ˺ŲСﲥŵ֣ŸƾɵİϽС㡭Ǹʲô
ţǰһֱǿŵȦһӺˣҧŴ˵ţϰ壬ҰɣʲôҪʣԸ£Чøһ㹤ʣЧǮҲУ֮ǰӦ㹤ϣһʽĹ
ţȻβȡ˱ŵԵСʵҲ΢²⵽㲻˵ҲͲʣĻʱӭ㣬ǿŵģסþסãֻ㻹ǵúú飬Ǯ⣬ȻҲǸǮǽǮ


7 һˣ1
֪ţ򶫹Ҳǳİҡҡͷţϰ壬ֻ˵ллˣҾԶܹ̬ͬҲҲΨһĳ·ţϰ壬ԸİңǾңڹ淽ѧϰϰ
ţ򶫳ţȷʵԶͬ˳죬׻˵˼ҵĺ統ҡ˼ҵĺӸѣ飬иĸ˹ذȴʲôûУ
ȻΨһ·ӣţ򶫲Ű壬ŵСҪѧǿԣûж֪ʶ̸㣬ҲǰͰˮɣ꣬ѧϰ£ҰһϣԸԸͽܣԸ㣬ֻѧһıҲͷˣ
ϲţϰ壬Ǿллˣһúù㣡
˵ţ̾˿Ҹ㸸н飬֮ǰִ֪ţľͲ˵ˣúõİȱʲô͸˵
ҡͷܾʲôȱȻȥЩƷͺãһǧǮһûж
ˣʮأһ˵Ǯţ򶫶ʱǮ
Ц̸̯֣ˣ˵Ұֽʮ򣬻Ƿ򣡡
ɶ񣡡ţ򶫺ݺһαϣüͷ
ţϰݶҲãԭеõģүҲûʲ͸ңҵչ鲻ҵģûʲôֵÿϧģ
ţ򶫼ƽ쳣Ƭ˵СһҪҲֹֻĻм仰Ҫ˵һ˵
˵
ţ򶫱Ȼ˵ⲻԸ£ֻҪʲôٶΪ㶼֣ܲıݾͺã𣿡
ǲţ򶫺ö˶˵ôȻðôĻҲƶǶǵͷӦϰ壬ʲôµȻҪԼ˵ġ
һ׵ģţԸǸݣڵʲôݣҲȥʣǲţΪȡݱ꣬ڵƾԼһ̤
ĵȻܹ䱦ġȻϤ֪ΪʲôԼͺȻӵˣɺܡ족ڹղؽ磬ĸֻ¶Ҫȡ
֪Լļ͸֪ʶúԶԶҪѧϰĵطֻƾܿʼղ̤ʵ˭Ҳ֪ǷȻֺȻȥѧļǲʵʵڵı£
ţ꣬ѵÿ䶼ϲøɸɾģȻȥĳճƷͱͷ֮ģһǧǮٶࡣ
ûп壬Щżţ򶫵ǲ⣬ɫԸѵŹˣȥԷ
ţ򶫵ĳһµQ5ȥ˽һũׯԷԵҲر𺱼ɽ亣ζҰ֮ģ򵥵ʱȻһǧٶ顣
ԭ׼Ǯģһ˵ֻŲˣϻʣٶô˵
ԹţֿͻصȻ˯һЩ
ţ򶫵ĳʧ·ڣŰѵŷˣϴ˸ȥ˯ȴǷȥ˯ţ
ı仯̫ڴʵʵĻȴֻξĸоţ򶫲ʶȴʶʮ˸죬һһ˺ֵֻ´Ӵˡ
ԼִܿӺζ
ƺϵڱ´Уκ´Ŷйɣ
Ѱ˼ãпǸֵʱȻȫһ
Īԭ
µǰǵţ򶫵ĵˤСʯͷԼСʯͷҺմʳָϣȻ뼡һѺǸӡˣ
ԭԽԽô£ĸУôûεĸֵΡ
˼ȥȻȷҲױֵԭ򣬵²йء
˯žȥмԼ۾
Ĺ̨úܣСֵľֻĻƹ⣬ԱŨֵţҲǼֵرߡ
ΪʲôЩġַвͬɫ
䣬ŹеıǵɫҶǻɫǲͬһƷͬһɫ
֮ǰķɫģ˵СҶ̴ľģǾľʵģľʵıɫǻɫ֪Ժ󻹻ῴЩʲôɫı
⣬ţ򶫵ĵҲûгбĶȥɵϣֻôĥԼ˯ֵ;úۺˣ۾ȴӲ˯ţ
ԺҲ֪ʲôʱ˯ˣ¡¡򿪵ȻѾһ׹ҫۣӴһæصĴ¡
ţԼţգ۾ܳȥһΡ
ţЦԵ£ȥϴˢϴ绰˵ʦ£˵ͶԵҪҪͽȴһȻиۻᣬҴȥϸϳٺ٣Ҫıˣ
Ǽǵģţϰ壬ҡҲ֪ܴܲﵽϵı׼
ţ򶫹һЦ˵ʲôɣգǲǿŤ㾡ͺãҪԼѹ˵ԼҲ˵鲻Ψһǳ···ͨ
ţô˵ҲһϽȥϴˢھǰų
ţ򶫼Ȼɣȴɾ࣬Ҳñǰɾö࣬޵һ˲ģҪŮѡŮˣ

ʱһͨ죬ĪţиŮˣţ򶫴ãֵģҪŮֻξͲôÿ
뵽ʱֳĲ˼ӰӣҪгһԼȢǲˡ
СӣҾ˵ôѲ㻹˼˲ɣ
Уţ򶫶лһӻоѹţһĺɱ飬ˢһ¸ˣֱ÷ˣ
ţ֡ЦСӣ㣬һиŮҿɲø㣬꣡
ʱһǵţ򶫵ŮóҲûʸȥ˼ŮӵĺûֻĪ˼ǸӰӣǸĲ˼
룬ǰһԸҲĳ
ӿһϳڸϣţη֣ļȴܲһ˫Ҳ·˳ֿ졣
ǵġСǹ¡ţ鵽һЦݣʵǲ
ЦûаҲʱУҲϸͦģЩ֪νиˣ


8 һˣ2
ţȻԵõһ߿ţһֽڷš
һֱѹ֣ҲһֱӰأͷһɨգҲ֪Ϊţõأܿ䱦ԭ֮ڡ䡱áš
о仰˵úãǿŶǿϣţҲб˵ء
ȻֻǸδʮˣûһƼҳߣǰ·ãͷֻٶǮѾһƺԽԽǿĸо
ţȻֱ֪仯ֻһҪĶĹ¶
ţ򶫱һֱڵĸУȴȻŤͷһ̸һ˲
ţôȻʵ⣬ֲƭԥһ²Żش𣺡ţϰ壬ܲش𣿡
ţЦЦֵͷţԺ㲻Ҫţϰ壬֣ţɣ
ǣţ壡Ҳ˵
ţ򶫼ųųľ
ܺãббȥб̿ϴɫҲƺãгˮ·ߵ˴Ҵңֻһжô˳ۣ
ţ򶫿ȥĵطǰ㣬ǸߵֻСϣӻ԰ƺɽˮɫȵȷҲǷͬһĵΡ
һſͣţ³դϰһ壬ơУһʮӳţţЦ˵ţϰ壬ϵһˣ
˵ʱǸĪ̬ͽһ£רڵ֪ʦ˳˳
Ȼţ˵˳ȻԼﻹܹõϵԴڡ
ţЦŵͷֻͷһ֣һ£ȥɣλϵרְ˾ʤ֣һգǱң
ǹһã
˿ˣʤϽ˰֣кţ򶫺ȥһһ˵ҲһС˾ѣ岻ģͺã
ȻŽ˱ţžһܴĿװöǹɫ㣬󲿷ݶľƷвһľ¥ת¥
ֱŴǽϣһۣڹ߷ֻ
һУͼΪ𺳣
ΪжʮϵСܿ䱦һο֮䱦ͬһص㣡
ţ򶫵ֻСеı⿴ȽŨһЩҲԼõһ飬ʮϵСҶ̴ľķ顣
ʱ˿̣ЩÿһıһıŨ
һƣֻضҪʮķ󣬵ȻļֵԱŨ̶۵ĻΪҲֻԼĹƣ֪ǲǾˡ
ҸΪ˷ܵǣЩ¶ġУɫͻɫ⣬δɫͺɫ֪ʲôƷ
ǽϹҵֻ¶ȫûмġֻһǡɫ¥ݿ԰ڷһ˻ߵĴƿƿıΪġɫҪԶţǶıŨöࡣ
ЩǣڷŵһЩľʼҾҲСƷΪɫŨȱķ黹Ũöࡣ
лһ¶ĶΪΨһģŸעһ£ǰ㰸ϵһȫڵһġʢһңмûչ
ּ񡱵㰸ϤģϼҼһУġ񡱲ͬе㰸ǹعее̫ϾԲһ
ʤкţ򶫺ȥ׼ˮ
ԼȻûתȻһֻţ򶫺ȻҲּʧ񡱣Ϣľеȴš
ʤһͶ˲ˮ𴦣ĵûκζֻʤһֶֿ˲ˮĺЩŹ֣ݺͲƸҲ벻Ӷ˰ɣ
ʤƺµͷЦŵϲһ˶ŮûסһҰְ
ʤݲ˲ɰߣź棬ÿһֻϸĴָС豭͸һ¥
ʤһݲĳ̶ȶЦԿҵΣ
ţ򶫶һֻСӣĲˮ峺͸ĵġδͽᵽƵζ
ĸҲǸϲ衱ˣǶһЩһУѾǡͽʣѾΪһšҲһ֡ܡţƷ費Ტۡ
ȵϡЩʶĸоƫͷʤ壬ɣ
ʤûתǺЦ˵СѣҲ
һ죬ҡͷҲ裬ֻǰʱϲ裬ҺȹһЩ࣬ζҲҵϹ˵˵ѣϿɱ棡
һЦڵ˶ִָ죬ûмԸȲ裬Ʒһ˿ûԸ桮ŶҿԲЩԴ㵹˵˵ļƷмֵ
ţ΢΢ף˼䵭Ȼ˼ɾǡʦһùȥǲţȥʦȻͲᡣ
ԸԸΪͽϲϲ˺޹ϵҪԣһǷ̤ʵҺûйϵġ
²豭վۿȻŵҲûʲôɬģҪ̤ȦӣǸǿġ·ˡ
Ҫ˵еĸֵǮЩŪΪкüƷıŨ󣬵ɫͬ͸Ѷȣ֪ɫʲô
Ҫ˵ЩģǸһ޶ûȷǲֵǮȻУһУЩļֵǮģ˵ҲǡмֵǡֵǮ˼ȫһ
᲻ðĲмֵ
һţ򶫣ȴǶ֮ǰ۲ǷóƷҲǼֵġ
ţ򶫶ԹһǰͰˮĵ䵱̼ȫĵӿƼƷġա׬һݸ߶ĲۣԹļ漰Ϊ涯ǼʮĽеǸһ˿ɳܲס
ġĿţ򶫵ĵһоǷȻҲǲҿ϶ģֻ뵱Ȼ
ҲĿͶǷһɽˮеԹ⣬ЩµִϢ¶ġҲȽϵԱĵۣ̫мֵ


9 һˣ3
ţǸ⼫ĽɫʹԼǰͰˮƾľټ϶Թһĵ䵱٣Ҳûʲô
ҪмֵƷţ򶫾ͿˣġĿǲ²ģֻƾ²⣬Ȼע׼֮ǰעõǷ
֮ǰѹûȥϸЩƷû³̶ȣעֻЩƷ¶ġǷ¶ıŨȥϸ۲ġ
ǡʯ³֣ǡ֪һЩǸңΪΪ³ѸԲˡʯ³֡
ǲأ治϶ΪȷЩƷļ̶ֵǲǱŨ̶ģ棬ЩԱŨ
ţ򶫵ı𲻵ã򲻶ɫרע裬ţĿĴֻԼشͨˡ
ǺЩŵģתһ룬֮ǰţ򶫾˵ˣͺãܲܵõϵͿ˳ȻⲢΨһĳ·뵽ţ򶫵ĻƽЩ벻ȥˣԼ²ȥͺá
ľǰŨ񵭱⵹ǺþЩľǱɫ֪ûеȼ֣֮
ûоʵҲȷĿǰֻаŨ²ˣȻԱעȻ䵽Ǹ¶Ĳϡ
ţ֪ġ顱ۼǷȴȥʢҵϺڲЩżȻô˵ﻹܵõԴڣԺֻҪšͽܡƣһܲˣ
ϺҲ൱ŨЩ¶ƷУɫֻŨ񵭱̶ȣҲΪ
ǲǾôش뻹Ǿٿһлû©ĵطͿ©
ܴĿУϸ۲һ飬ȷûп©ƷȻʵûп©¶Ķ
ٱȶһעŵϺҲ۹Ͷ׼شĿ
ڶʱ۹һͣȻһ
Ȼûп©бʱȻϾȻ¶һӺŨɫ
һû֮һʼûע⣬Ϊϣһɫ··ڳһɫ֮ǰûϸûעԲû֡
ɫʲôģҲ˵壬ϸҲ˲ǲʧϸѰֵλá
Ǵϡðģ֣Ϊɫ޿ɢģԿ϶װ²ʲô
ǺһЦ˵Сѣһ͵ͷֲǸС㶢ҿʲôҪ㿴ĿмֵɲͷŶ
εЦЦЩҲҾʹ˿϶ͷϲʲôȷʵȱƷŨһǵһμɫ
Լ۾ǿ²⣿
ģˣ
һҧ뷴ү˹ȵ׵ʱصǾһѣ
ϣǲʲôرصĶ
һ۾ЩһԼϵļڴλãϵĿڴûзκƷŲ
ţ
û˵ţ򶫵ЦǺǵ˵˵ĻǾǽڵģĸ֪һԾŶ
ţ˵Ȼףţڰʾܻ˵Ļ˵ûвƷǿ϶ûвˡ
ͷ˵˵ĻҵȻˣ˵ǿڴûκƷɲûУǾðϿ϶һǳмֵĶ
˵ʱţ򶫾ȥᳶıʾʱѾûС·ˡ
΢һ£ֵͷԼϿ˿ȻֶҡͷСѣҺˣҳмֵƷɣȴӲңʲôǳмֵĶ𣿡
˵ЦЦӣﷴ䶨ˣϿ϶Сè塱ˣǡĬϡ˼
ֵֻĿôģӦǴӱǿʲô쳣ȻҲǲԼܿ˵ԸϽ˵öעһЩ
Ƭ̣΢Цϣ˵ⱦģȻڵʵ²褣õʦܲԹɫ㲷õļʦҲģȻҲˣֻǴȷ£ﱦúܣмֵĶ϶ϣ
ţ򶫻ΪǡƨмֵļȻ˵˲ǡ˼ƨˣɲǸܡġˣʦͻˣҲֻԱ߸Ц㡣
ȴɫ췢ʱ񿴹ðŻعû˵ȴǽ¿ۡ
ţȻҲҪʲôڱ¶ϲŭ֡
¿۽⿪Ȼף˲ͽ
⡭ʲôţЩۻŴǰϸţ׵ǽ˽֯ɵġƬѡ
ҲЩԾǿ϶һƷҲûϵôƬ̺ϣ⡭ǽ£
ȻĲ²⵹Цҡͷϸ˵ⲻ˵ġ¡ҽǹʱ׹ŴĻʬƷܺʬǧ겻˶ɲȥǸ
һ죬ԳԲ˼Ȼ϶ܣ濴ϵĶ󣬶ʱͰԼӡǳ˸
飬Щѧʣֻѧ˲ֻǿڡסѡ
û̫עı飬Ǿġʶʶĸ˲ûУϵڸǻܿ⵹Щˡ
С¡
һ˵˵ġ¡кܴһڽ֯Һ䱦ý˿ữĽ˿Ŀڻһ鼫Ʒʯ˵ܷˮǹĹЧȻǷǸЧҲֻһ֪⣬Ͼ˵Ĺ±ˣƾ˿ͻʯټɶ칤֯ƾҲ˿¼ֵˣ
һ˵һ̾ⶫҲҵģһѴ˵ģһͳΪ˵Ʒˣ
ͷЦʣϣⶫֵǮɣ˵˾ˣ
Цҡҡͷ˼ҶŮ׼ҵ飬͸δϱģȶϱ޹ⶫֻˣ
ͷЩᣬûףһЦ˰ֵСѣСţȥ̰ɣ
ţͷʣϣ⡭ʦ¶


10 
ЦڰֵСţʦ¶Ҳˣ֮ǰҵǷģ㼸ζǰһĸоͷӿĲϣ϶СѺϵ־ͬϰʦʦľͱˣ꽻пվͶཻ
ţ򶫶ʱϲʤһѣллϣ
û˼ţȴˣǾˣ𾪳ԾĵزԲԸʦȴԸ꽻ν˼ʵҲ˵֪ʶֵزʵʤʦ
Ͻ˵ͷȻֹĶ˵ллϣ
ڰֱ֣ǿССǺĪζ֪ʶǴĶѧģ׻˵ʦͽƾ¶һ֣Ҿ;㲻ûͷˣ˵ɣʦһλ
һۼ˫ĿĶһ£¶Ȼǲ˵ģȻҲǺƭģԥһ²Żش𣺡ϣûʦֻǴСܸ׵Ӱ죬öö࣬ȻֿٵĹڹֻȵ֮ص鼮ҲǸͰˮ춣Ļɫʱܳ䣬ʱְ㲻ҲĪ棡
˵ʵϣʱ㸸λ
仰ʱͷһ󷭿ھ˼һաĺֻ֣ôҲ벻һλ·ġ
һ˵ףȦͺˣĬһ²ŵش𣺡ϣҸ廪
˴֡Ŷһǡǰͷҵϰ廪
۵˵ͷڸĸǰ
ţȴһ˵˳ϣ˻£˭Ҳ˵Ǹݻܱܹ׵飬쵹˸ףˣǲİİɣ
ʲô£ţ򶫣ǰͷűţȥ죬ţһ˾棬ʱԭһԤı
ͣͣЦЦʵţ򶫣Īʲôȥꣿ
ĸңţ򶫾˫ͶЦϾǸʮҲҸڿӣԤıԤıģȥǶҪԺҸ֤Ҫ֤Ļͭǻĸϸ
ߺߣ˵ûиڿӣ
ţ϶ЩΣԸȵһ£
ã֪ţ򶫿϶˽˵ϽʶȤĿ첽ȥ
ȵ˿ţţ򶫳һ²˵ϣģأ׵̸
ֱʱţ򶫲һһʮİһҵǰ˵˳˵Ķ񶾴̲ס¶
һĴһֵţ򶫣ҼǵķʮɣǸǮǴ˺УǮأ
ǻ˵ţ򶫺ߺߵǿҲʣ͵˻ҳߣһǾˣҵȫ¾һǧǮǻҵﵱֱǮʮͲ˵ˣˣ
գһƣֶͣͣţ򶫣ţЩë
ţ򶫿ЦϣôҸʲôֲ棡
˺˵ǵ㻨ңҲգΪ⺢ӣҲᣬҪͰãҲ㣬
ĻţЩţȺġ
ƫͷţ֣廪ȻҲ˾Ӫҵ汲Ҳûһܳ˲ţӳиҵڵʶƺҲܲ˼ɣ
˲£ȷҲ˵ģҡͷ̾Ϣ˵Сţ߰ɣû뵽ô
ſڣһŻ԰еĺ컨ţ򶫳Ҳûв
ʱʱžԶͬĲɣͳ죬Щһģ˵Сϳһֶţһ˳Կ׹ȥ㿪
ţ򶫺ǺЦţŻ԰СͣŵеһµA6߹ȥ˳Цϳ
Щ˼ֵ꣬һ˵ţ򶫸һ˾Ҳί
ţһ߿һЦίʲôϵ˾ٵ£ϧϲҪң
ٺһЦҲøٳƤװǼֶ˵ű߶Ǹøҡ
ϳͷһ濿ŵλ÷һɫľӣҲϲľʲôľģľðһȻľҲͨƷ
ľӴЦ֪۾ǼĻƻľУҲֵʮƷҪװȥĽ£Ǿûñˣ
ڻƻ棬Ҳ֪Ǻľһ࣬ľǶӲľͳƣһͨĻ߻̴Ҿ߶ǼۣѰ˼ҲǿģںľĻƻ棬СҶ̴ľȵȣǸһĸ޷ӵУ߿˵Ǯ򲻵
гЩһ׼ʮϰĸ߶˺ľҾߣʵҲһЩͶ˵֦ľĻƻľȵǸûУľͨҪڡ
Ľ˿۵÷ŽľƵþ棬Ǽ˿¿С۵ȻСһɵľͷŽľûᡰ
ѺӸϣָںиţڳ˼ֹǼСʮûˡĲѾͷǸ޶
ȻֹЩʲôֻǰĿųľ
ʵﻹǲƽģֻ˷ܵĲע˵ĻĻԼõ
ε֤ʵѾܿ϶ʵģҲ㹻ǿǿٲʵ
ĵλӰҲǿֵλˣǿװøĸ
ڹøĸеʱʱԺҪȹøĸҪǿҪеˣŵڣ˵Ѿ΢ˣӵ־ΡľҲڲ֪˱仯
˵øһ˺ƤҲĪķɡ
ǰ뿴øĸǰҡβӣĿƺѾԶԶĲˣ
øΪһʮĳʾ֭ƣ˿ûҪҫͼſͣŵһ˹˹һǱۣİµA4һ
ҪøԸȻҪ˹˹ȥ磬ȴǺĿʮA4ȥʹһøѾһһµˣ


11 Ա
عͷ˿ǰſţ򶫣һЦȴֲĿųʱ뵽ͷβ϶û˵ҪȥĵطĶţҲ֪ȥ
յĿĵصˣͭǴƵꡣ
Ȼ֪ط⼸ͭڣͭǣǼǼľƵҲʮ䣬ĻǴͭġͭǴƵꡱ
ͭǵľ޸͹ټҾ춼ֻѡͭǴƵ꣬ƺֻǶܴǵݵλ
Բͬţ򶫰ѳͭǴƵǰڴڴƷıһһ顣
һһX5˵˼ͭǴƵ걻ԪĲܰˣӭͣ뵽ҾƵ꣡
ͷһͷֹʱ˵ˡĲҡ֣ʱȻ֪ĸĲҡˣᵽԪĲܡĸ֣ˣͭǣǴСֻǵ̨ɼԪ˾Ĺ棬³ԪøͭǵĵرԽһ˲㣬ͭߵĽҲԪ˾ĴӪ
Ԫ˾ҵܹ㣬Ҳ׬ǮĴĿ緿ӿƼﻯѧʳͭ۴С֪ͭǮǡĲ۾
ڵϼĲ۾ʮӣ˵μӡĲϡ磬ݣƲĲ۾ˣпĸ
Ĳ۾Ȼƴ󣬵ϾͲϣȻǲʵġ
ףٵĿˣǼǹ˽ȥֵţʱ
ţҪͣں潵˳ң
Ǳһ㶣ŵɫһ䣬漴ͶЦУŶϰϽϽ
˼ЩʲôˣǸ𱣰һ˽ͭǹУЩҲʶģ˼ʲôϵЩúܣ
³ڴҲڷһšλӣֻкףٵĿˡ
ȥĳˮһţڵ³Ѱ˸λãѳͣãһһҵĿ˳³Ϳﵽǳܶ˿ʱЦʺţ򶫴ʱ档
˵ʺҲֻһͷǻӦЩ˼ܺĶŵ˶İ֪ʲôˣӡƺûҺôˡ
˭ףܵʾ⡰ϵˣǾҲǡͷֻǺ֣ԸŹ֣ûһεĹдҵĺ
ݿԳʮˣҪȥҲܶ࣬ûһ漷ڵȥ
˵ͷЯ߽ȥţȻĸں棬ȻЩ˵еȿֺＷˣ˭ͬͬһ˵˵ڡĻĻĻǸ͡Ǯˣ
ֻܳʮˣֲҼԱƽĳҪһЩֻܳһˡ
ͬһ˵ݵ˻ʧˣ࣬һ仰û˵ǰǵУǸ˵ֶûɿ
ҲЩ˸Ϊ棬İ˵˭
ŵһֻֽװ˽µĻƻľЮҸ£Щ˵Ŀ²⣬ǲȥᡣ
ϴ·ΪءһϴЩ׵ľףһţп㣬Ҳһ˫ܸɾܾɵЬţпϵƶɲԭװƵԪƶǴϴõƶϵôһ֡Ҿƶζ
ΪЯʹ١ءҲû˸СҪĵǾǸмԨԴϵӵܣ
ݴӵ¸ĳϵ¥¥¥ǾƵĻʹ;ۻᶼһ㡣
˵¿϶ϱȥˣһߵߵվӭӵˣǰҲǸųˣĸߴ󣬺ģЦǺǵӭǰ§һѣǺЦϸȥһֱûˣһ첻㳳죬Ҿͻڣţϴǻˣҵ绰ˣжʮжʮûϴ˰ɣ
Ҹһ
Ҳ̾һ˵ȥҲûǴֻӳ³çСڳ߳Ƶĸһ˫ŮҲˣŮζţҲǱģǶڹ⣬ҹϰȴǰһȻϴƶһã㶨µĺ󱲻ԼȻǹģǳǼҿȻʮҲδ飬ڵԼ
ͷҲһ꣬̾ᵱֵֵܱܻ׵꣬ͳĲԶɽ֣ҲһԾŶԼǲб䣬ϴߵʱ򣬳ĶӼҿ꣬Ҽҹ۾ŮŸճʮˣһǶˡ
ҲһְǸƻľ˵ݸĲԶɽ磬ϴҸ˼ѾͷǺǣӦǸɣ£
£
ĻĲԶɽҲݣͷѻƻľиӽҿŽĽ˿£ִһ£ƺ˼ãβ˵ⶫʮû˰ɣ
ҡҡͷ磬»ȥʲô磬ѾͷϴӼҿ׵ĺӣ˫ϲţӦøˣȾȥ
ԶԶԣϲ£ϲ£ȾȥĲԶɽѺӸǺãѺӾһŮȥ
һŮͲһŮͤͤüĿ续ȻͬѧĲ˼
ȻļЩ֪룬Ļң
Ĳ˼ȴǲˣľһԣȻˣɫ䵭ҿҲЩƺǰĲ˼Ҫ족ܶࡣ
ĲԶɽ粢ȥĲ˼ĬıľӸں棬ԥһҲ˺棬ӵںš
Ĳ˼޶ȴ˪һȻսЩ˵Ĳ˼㡭ô
òײ˵Ļһ˵־ԼʵúܡɵĲ˼ǸĲԶɽһȻϿĲ硱ĲԶɽŮͭ׸Ĳ۾Ů
ֻĲ˼ͬѧ֪꣬Ĳ˼ȻĲ۾Ů
Ĳ˼ѧУûʲôѣҲûʲôϢ¶ѧУĲ˼ĻʼֻмƯء䵭
ѧУʦֻ֪Ĳ˼ҺܸУȴû֪׾Ĳ۾
Ĳ˼бһۣڲʲô£ֲʶ㣡
ûɵģһʹ
Ĳ˼ܴˣֻͨͬѧϵɣʺһҲ˵ֻɣ
˵Ļֻ˵Ĳ˼ѹͰ˷ԵġӡԱԭĲ˼Ͳͬһˣ


12 ʧ
ͷӿŮޱȣĲԶɽǷףĲԶɽЦŵͷӦ
Ĳ˼ĲԶɽ䵭ܽȴоľԶԶҲԼϵİٶĲ˼˿Ļ룬ȥֶӵŮͬѧܹʵģʹ˵仰ûҪȡ衣
󲮣ȵϢһ׼ˣ
һһѩװװЦӭĲԶɽʮ˾ͣΪӢȻʺãã
˵ͷЦʵС÷ˮ𰡣
ӡٺ١һЦ˵ЦˣȣҾ͸ˣһ
Ȼ˵ܡǫѷóȴһԵõı飬˵˵ΧУȻǺõġ
ֶĲ˼Цʣ˼磬үүʮ٣Ÿһ׿ɱͷ˼󾯲죬Ĳƿɲ£
⻰Ȼ˵Цġ
ȴһ˼磿ѵĲ˼
˼硱ȻһֱףȴҲ䲻ˣЦһڿˣС壡
ĲƺٺһЦЩյĲ˼ǰ˼磬뷨үүĴ٣ô㶼Ҫ˵
Ĳ˼綯˶죬û֨ȴĬϵ˼
ȥһϴּ䣬˼磬úһүүȻ˶࣬ͷЩͷͷ˺˵ţүүҲҪ¶ܸ
Ĳһ뿪ĲԶɽ䣬ţҲ߽ȥȴ
ѹŮ˵ʶԼԭĲ˼
ȻĲ˼֮ǰõġԱһ˲䵭࣬Ĳ˼ȻĲʶԼˡ
Ȼ֮ǰĵһʱ;ƺá족࣬飬ŷǱóˣǱͱĲ˼Ҫ꣬ϸ۲£˵ݻЩ΢Ĳֻͬ˵òҲ̫ˣ
ȻȻ뵽Ĳ˼ŮӸĲ˼϶кܽݹϵ׽ҲýãƵ̶ȣǵ׽ˣ
ҶաĲмҲǡ˼֣йͬͬͬɵķϰߣǽõĹϵ
˵ոջĲ˼ǸСĲơС˵ˣĲ˼Ǹ족Ĳ˼У˵ȻͬһˣֻԼʶĲ˼Ϊԭ
ĲԶɽɳĵøˣ̧ۼ鵽վһԵĲԶɽһֱģ䵱ֻһϵã
Ҳ̫ˣﱲĲԶɽٳܴ֮ôף٣
λǣĲԶɽûв³ȻŽ־ԲͨĹϵֳ˳
ˣȻǺЦŽܣ϶ܸ꿡ţҵ꽻
ĲϺãվһãףĲϸ綫ٱɽ
ףĻһ˵پЩΣĲԶɽ٣ȴһ˫ǶĲԶɽܲ𾴡Ϊ
ȴ´һССĽгֻ鱦װεС΢һ㡣
϶һöѪʯҿˣѪʯСʵȴϼѣǸɶõıҲСذɣǺǡ
ʱ˺ģת˲ԲӣԼĶѡ
˵ԡǾ;ԲǼٻĲԶɽȻҲȥ쿴ӹȥ˳־ͷŵĲ˼ϣ˵ѾͷõƷȥźã
͸ϲһϡ˼ҵȻܵ𿪿˶٣ҪҲǶ㵽һȥ͵͵ˡ
ĲԶɽȻЩ⡱Ҳûݵ棬Ͼ̫ᣬô࿴Ҳû̫⡣
ţһЦҲ岻ϣֻʹЦݡ
Ĳ˼ǸƷСĬȥƷˣȥʱ̲סɨһۡ
ûʲôӡҪҲֻǸոһµĽӴүүĹϵȴ׵úܣܵӵȷʵЩһ㣬Ҳ̫Щ
ûһһ£ĲŽЦ˵󲮣壬ͷļλϰˣλȥӦɣ
ȻˣǰҲͷĴϰ塱˵ﾭ̵ϰǣЩٶͷͷǣڳ֮ĳУϲ˳ƺΪϰ塱ĳĳǡĳĳְƺ
ߣȥӦӦ꣡ĲԶɽЦȥһһ˵֪ϲЩӹ򣬵ڽоͲòͷҵǿԲᣬ۾ȴòǴ򽻵ǹ۾壬ӣ㻹ǵðһŰ
Ц֪Щңˣ͸ȥԺȥҲÿڹ۾С񹧱Ͼķϳһ³棡
ʱͷӿĲԶɽһȥͱΧˣʱͲˣͷһȺӵŵ˶ЩˡĲ۾ڱеĵп
Ȼף񰡣лͷ飬ţҲ֪ȥֶֹ࣬˼Ҳĸ
кܶƵķָʳˮӦоУȥ˵ʢһЩʳ˵ҲûʲôϲϲģЩǼζɲǰڹøЩʣȵġ
һζ˸ɾδҪȥʢһЩ̧ͷһйȥʱ
ˣϵˣİðһɫ
İ֮ǰϣ֮ûƻľװ͸ĲԶɽġ¡ıһģһ
ɫµıɫСŨ񵭱һģһ֣͸ĲԶɽĲ˼ŵƷȥˣǱôİϣ
УǸİӴǰȥֱȥϴּ䡣
һͷĳǡС͵֣ǸİȥϴּǳڵĴţҲûżŵг
ȽбǸĲԶɽ˵
һʱ۾ֶϴּķûгڣǲİӴϴּܡ
ӣǸİӾͳˣȴΪİûɫ
¸صϴּˣ
²Ͼ͸ˣİӴеĿм䣬ϴֳּˣһðǹɫʣֵˣ˻ϵõģò˼ǣðɫ˾ȻǡĲƣ


13 ۽
ĲĲԶɽֶӣĲ˼С壬Ϊʲôµıϣ
ԭΪС͵͵˽£ɫĲϣֲ²ǲԼ˵İţ
ЩҲЩϾĲԼ˵£˼Ϊⶫ̫ԲҪصղأֺαȥ˶ģ
ԵҲˣ־ʵǺܳ絽ǰߵĴ¶̨ȥ͸͸磬١
󲿷˶ڴĳԺȣһƽĴ¶̨̻ʩúܺã컨Ҷһл԰
лŻ֦ܺҶζ˸о£˼ƣ컨Ҷ䣬ֻϡϡļˣԱ߲Զһڳ̣һԶԶ˹ȥֲ̣ζо
ǰһú˰Ľǰ߻һ¶ΣҲľ˹ȥϢ϶ûй̫ˣԼѾԱ㣬Ӧٽȥ
תȥ¶ϣ鵽״˻ߵĻݺһǧ͵һ΢΢ŵŮӣü΢壬üĿ续ȻĲ˼磡
ȴ˪ŮӣȻȻһɲԸĸоüվתһ߹ȥԽԶԽã
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Ĳ˼Ȼһ
ͣͷĲ˼磬βðֳʲô
Ĳ˼˵ǰ˼֪ǰҵĲ˼ĽĲ˼磬ţϵʲôˣ
һ²Żش𣺡ʶҲżʱ䡣
żʱ䣿Ĳ˼֣ôܣ϶ͺܲһ㣬֪ǴӲģǵһʶż죬ôμүүٳ
Ĳ˼ʱ֮ǰᡱˣȻûش𣺡ҾͲ֪ˣ
Ĳ˼²⣬ָо˵ѣһʵˣôʶ˼ģ
ͷش𣺡ҸĲ˼ͬͬѧ
ͬѧĲ˼ˣȻʵ˼ͬѧ첻˼ûμôûѧУϿΣ
ֵ̯̯Ѿѧˣ
ѧΪʲôѧĲ˼ǳԾѧҵҪʱôѧˣ
⣬Ͳشˣ̯̯ʾһ£˵ҵǱȥˣ
Ĳ˼ܸȤ˺ߣ㡭ֲϻô߿
ҧһ´̯̯֣֪Ǿ죬ҿɲǷˣǾҲûȨҪΥͷϰջشʻɣ
Ĳ˼ʱһüһЩ붯˵ĳ嶯պϣ㶵ֻˡ
Ĳ˼һۣȻ㬵ֻһֻʾһ½ʹ˵С壬ʲô飿
Ĳ˼ԭı飬仰ƺԷʲôȻþȻʲô²ˣ㡭С壬⻰ʲô˼
Ĳ˼ĻҲһĲ˼ӵĵ绰С塰ĲơģɫϣϣΪʲôĲ˼˵²ˣ
ѵĲ˼үү֪飿һԣ
ǵԵĻĲȻӦϣʲôԭҲȥ²⣬϶ʲôԭɣ˵ΪΪʳҲżʣǧ䱦Ĳ̰Ҳ֡
Ȼǵԣ¶ҪҪϺţ˵ĲûʲôøУϺţȴǶжˣҪĻ͵ðϺţ򶫣ȻûĿõϵֳ֪´˿̾Ĳϣõ֤ݡ
Ĳ˼絽Ǹ죬ְҵϰϰעͼеǼϣתȥһһ߼绰
绰ĲƴģȻ׽ˣβĲ˼Ĳ˼˴ͼӿ˲ӣƷķȥ
Ʒԭһңֻһڣʮƽûʲôڵʱ߰˸ˣĲ˼ȥĲԶɽţʶ⣬Ĳ˼ĸĲ۾Ĳƣ⻹ʶӡ
Ĳ˼һȥʵô£
һʶӾͿɥĲ˼˵˼磬Ʒһû߿ղŲǼ𣬾뿪һϸߵʱһŵģôһһŽȥͷװ˽µľǿŵģûж
Ĳ˼ϾȥſڼһһͷǱ˹ģľǸ֣ûлҲֻЩ΢ĺۼרҵ۹Ҳǿģ
Ǳ˹ģӦǸ͵оƵ걣λõ¼ңĲ˼ϷԸƵ꾭
ƵľǸʮҵƯŮӣȻЩˣģȴҲȷЩ˿̵ɫȽϳţĲ˼ķԸ󵱼ȡ¶Խ籣λõ¼
ԽȽ죬Ʒ˶˶ԽشƷͷˣǰһСʱڵӰûУ
Ĳ˼һ˲ͱ
ͷĻͷֻɺҲͰˣʱôɣ᲻Ȿƺõģ
ƺõģ¾͸ˣǰƺ·ӲʵʩģǾͿ϶ǡСëˣ
ĲԶɽܲˣʮٳݴӸŮ˼ġԼȷգУƻٳУԼƸ¶ˣô˵
۾оֵĳ¾ֳ绰ͨţǰͭǷ׳ҲҪѽ¸ҳҲһҪҵ
ĲԶɽˮķԸӣĲ۾ɫȻҲÿֻͲ
͵͵ĲƣûаֶĶ飬侲ţͷûʲôźͺ¡
ʱҲ뵽ĲӦϵ˽¹ȻֱֱԵΪԵǸרҵĸֺ֣ûֱ뿪ͲλõͷȻϴּѶתƵĲϣĲ־Բᱻɡᱻ¼飬Խǰȫġ
ټƷǶǰƻͷ¾Ǹǰܼƻжˮ©
ܿðαжֱ޷죡
ҲüͷοĲԶɽ磬Ҳ𼱣ܻŪģ
żĥһ£Ȼߵߵϣҡл˵ҿܡ֪˭˽¡
֪˭͵˽£
⻰˵ȻСԱߵĲ˼ȴˣû˵һץʹ˭ĸ͵ģ


14 
Ĳ˼绹Щʧ̬ؿڵںܲŮ
ſңֲǷˣ˵¾Ͳ˹һ㣿
˵עȴĲϣ
ĲһֱǺ侲Ҳɫı飬Ĳ˼ĻҲסɫһ䣬۾Ĳ˼ϵıҲǾɲ
ޱȵ֪˭͵˽£֪Ļ˵Ҳ֪¾ĲƵϣ߾㲻֪ϣֻҪ֪ĸ͵ģǸһʣǸնĲƹ
ĲǾɲֳ嶯ȥϽǸ뿪Ƶ꣡
Ĳ˼˴û뵽ЩᡱζŶײѿҲûעǲѿǹע˭˭͵˽¡⣡
Ĳ˼ʵǸԵĽŮֻĲ˵ʱþͳĳͲ
ã˵ɣ˭͵˽£Ĳ˼ſˡŵڣһһ߻һѱŻһЩ
鵽Ĳһֻһһ첽̤ǰסĲƵȥ·˵ȱߣ
ĲƼֱ·϶ʱɫ䣬ԷȻǾ˵֪ʧԵ飬¾ϣʱҪֻҪһͽˣ
ĲƵݲͬḻȻлңġëͷɲǼȵʲôȻҵ·
ЩȻĲƾ˵ҲʲôҲҪ·Ҿ˵һ£´ʲôͬĸо
ĲƼֱ˵İѵ׶˳ֲ˽£Ŀ֮£Ҳס
ڳ޹ؽҪ˵Ҳ£㻨Ǯͨڳ˼ǮͨģĲԶɽĲ˼磬ȵȣʵھҪ
ؼǰ¶˲ûκηʽթĻǼܸ㶨飬һѹûᣬɵӣ
ĲҲûʱŪǲɵӣƷ߸˵۾ϣһʱˮ乣ǿЦ˵󲮣壬˼磬СӡСῪЦ
ĲԶɽĲ˼үΪǺ˵ģֻһǵˣΪ֪ЩŵļɲǿЦ飬Ĳô˵ҲĲԶɽ׵ܵܵĶӣֶӣôҲŽϣ
վǰˣƣǲǿЦ˿
ĲɫɷףȻǿ壬Ѳ·ҪҪô̱ôָҵ·ֻҪһѣһͭ¶𣿡
ԭֻ̬ʱĲȴӲı鷴϶ʧԵйˣǺðҪ·֤ʵûϣͭǼý幫һ㴦
ĲǾšӡݲţĻѵҲˣɫһһףһʱ֪룬һ˫ֻ֪ݺݵĶ޲̻ܰˣ
ĲԶɽֶ飬ҲҲЩףʧԵѲ˸ϵһʱ£ɫѿ֮
Ĳ˼ССãҲʵţıҲʵԽ̲ͣס˵С壬˵ûаϵ·ǿҲйϵ
Ĳư˵˵Լûϵôʱ²ҲѲ¶Ѿⲻ˵飬ǿѾû壡
Ĳ۾Ĵ˼һʼûõɫְףȴֲٽƱ棬˺ߺһ̤ǰץһۡһĲϵһӸһ룬УǼѾ¶һض
ʲôȵĻۼΪʵ֤ݣ
˿¶Ѿȥ˵ʲôĻˣĲɫҰףܴڵ
Ȼ㣡Ĳ۾ţ۾Ĳƣַһ
Ĳ˼һȻеС壬ΪʲôôΪʲôҪô
ΪʲôҪô
ĲƺȻһһȥı飬һøˣΪʲôôĲҵⶼһϣҸҰִǼβˣǵģǵģΪʲôҪô㻹ΪʲôҪôҾǲҾǲ
Ĳ˼ſתĲ۾
Ĳ۾ĬȻΣһӲ˵ƣ˵ʵҶô˵ۼҵ⣬Ұֽҵʱ򲢲رãһһŵİֽزôô˵ο
˵Ĳ۾̾˿οƣõܣҵ׶壬ҪʲôǷӻǮҶֺαַʽ
Ĳơٺ١ЦǴЬ֪ŵۣҴ㿪ҪΪҵһͷĲϴǰ˺ӵ˭ȥеңͬĲˣ˲ͬ˵ô͵ˣҪҪɱǵı㣬ĲһüͷͲǺú
Ĳƹˤø˺ߣ˿ˣĲԶɽͲˡ
ĲԶɽһֱǳɫʱһ񻰣
Ҳ֪⻰Ƕ˭˵ģĲԶɽ˵仰󵱼ֿЦŶ˵мλѣ͵ΪֹϣҶؿƿҸ͵л컹ҿĲԶɽʮٳķϣȾƵģţȥȾưɣҰϹͷˣݣ
ûҲ֪ĲԶɽǲ׷Ĳ͵Խµ飬ȻҲǲᱨٴϾĲֶӣϾǼҳ󲻿ȻĲԶɽĲ۾û˼Ҫ׷׷ȥҲûҪðͷ˵лһͬˡ
ĲԶɽȥҪˣЦֻóĲԶɽǿջЦﻹǱĲƵ´ʹˣ
ţһӼɽһĴϷ񾭸ýģͷһкҲ͸ȥˡ
̾һɴȥ¶̨磬һ顣
һһĲ˼ץýľϣһһѹ˵л㣡
һ£ȻûѣĲ˼ǸġŮӡ־ɲС˭˵ƯŮ춼ǻƿ
Ĳ˼ϡһСңŵһŹˣȻ˳ֽϣץһƣֽƵһһ³С
㣬ʵ̹ףô֪С͵ģǲһԤıǲǸһǲأ


15 ظ
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βŴĳ
Ĳ˼ǸôҪǾĻôľ𣿾ǸҲõĲһģôܰĲҰĲƱ¶
Ĳ˼籡ŭɵXοǾ޽е£̲סKһò꣬չգƵĻѳ嶯΢̶ԵþǿǣһתȻ˸ͷ
Ĳ˼緢ŭĪľһֿУ鵽Ĳ˼ת˲¶ЦЦı飬סһʲôӡͷı飡
ʲôʱ³һ£ϧ·̲סĲ˼ʵǸ죬ܲ˰ɣ
ҴʲôҿǸطĺþ죡Ĳ˼ԥľͷĲ²⣬ЦĽԼڵӣ¶ؿһĨɫЦƯô
һ㲻Ĳ˼ʲô˼ʵ˵Ĳ˼粻ǡƯ־ݵģ˵һּ
Ư˵ͷǲݵļŭĲ˼磬ոҪΪʱĻŭ̲סѿڶعͷ뻹ǾԼҪȥŭŮ죬شҲʵʵ˵
Ĳ˼Ц˹˵ȻҲƯţҪڽз˵᲻ʮ˱һ٣ٺ٣һٵҲˣҲǸαѵƦӣ˵Ժǲǳˣ
һʱеסˣ̧۾ȥ컨ϡ
Ĳ˼֪˼ЦĵˣǸңûͷûмأֻߵʹֻҪһУƺҲϴģֻˣ֪֪֪֪ұ֤˵ǾԲţ˵ǾԻţŲţ
ɫ˲ͱѿˣĲ˼Ļģûе֤Ļκ˶ֻĲ˼οĲ˼ʵ̫Ưˣ˽ܵĸ¼һðһƯŮǾǡģ෴ûʲô״˲ˣ
УۼĲ˼ſС״УҲ֪һȥסĲ˼죬бУ˵˵Ҫʲô˵ǣ
ſ֣
Ĳ˼ƲߴЧȻˣûϵȻ§죬δоͳ˿
Ĳ˼ŭɫŷԼġơ̫Źۣһ죬иϽ˿
Ĳ˼ȻŭǡӮˡҲס𣬺˺ʵ㣬ô֪С塭˽µģ
ԥһ²Żش𣺡ʵ»Сֱõģһе͵ģȻϴּתƵСеģȷʵۿˣ
Ĳ˼һʱ˵Ļоʵģתһ룬Ͼͷˣյѣ
һЩ˵ôˣ
Ĳ˼ߺ˵˵С廹һͬ͵ٵϴּתƵСеģҼǵǸͬʱ¶̨ģûϴּ䣬ûиС͵ƷңС͵С壬ǶҲûаѽ¶ôܻ֪ϣ
һѪˣ
Ĳ˼Ĺ۲治ǸƿĲ˼һʱҲҲʲôεɣ
ҡҡ֧һ󣬺òײ˸ɣҸ䵱ģҴСѧЩ˵һЩֵǮ䱦ʹ·ҲܹƸ߰˷֣
ģĲ˼Űȫ˵ȷʵǺƷ
ΣĲ˼Ȼʣ㣬ڿҵ´ûĶ
ȫ£ò˵Ĳ˼粻òƯþˣҲǡôϥƶװεţпû֣·ûдӣ˵ûʲôƷϵһɫֻס˿ʲô
Ĳ˼֪ûжŷǡӡȥģһ˵ڴûʲôƷӦһȽֵǮĶҲһӰɣ
㡭ô֪
һµǳĲ˼ϣڽͿµĶϲ˵һĲµӣ⵹ˣѵ͸Ӳɣ
ʵ׼ȷ˵Ҳв²ĳɷݣ֮ǰڴʱĿ˶ģֻС̾޸߹ٳʿֶ֮ѣĸ϶ֵǮŮ˼ң鱦ʯȵΡ
ڴпдεˣð͸Ĳ˼ϵһɫֻûôŨȻĲ˼ϵ൱ֵǮġ
Ĳ˼綢ҿ۹Ҫӳǲں˵ѣıл濴ðšۡһЦϷţȥԱˣ
ҲһĲ˼Ϸ͸ãܿǾԲ˵ģʹǣⷽ棬ҲȫƵⷽļ֪ʶȥʵУӦû˻뵽ȥϾֻõĵӰС˵вŻֵΡ
Ĳ˼ıȻû֮ǰôŰ塱ǲ²͸ɿĲ˼Ȼ˵ǲ˼˵ģ
˼˴Ų˵ǡĲ˼ҡҡͷش𣬡ǵģҸĲ˼û˵
һĲ˼綼ˣ̲סû˼˵һ仰û˵
ͷûУûУһ仰û˵
Ĳ˼Ȼ˺һӲšۡһЦŶ֪ˣǲϲã
ɲʱøһ쵽ϣĵ׵ܺȻĲ˼緢ֲ˵˳ܲߣ
˻Ĳ˼׽㣬ֻĲ˼˵£ԺûȥĲ˼ˣ
Ĳ˼翴Ť֮ϷŪһʵص뵽ѧЩ֮ǰԼϳ˼ʱԼɫﲢãǵʱıܡˡ̫ǿҲͲȥ̼
ĸŮ˵һ仰û˵Ȼֻǡѣϲһ˵Ȼģαȥ̼˺
ССͣԹ䱦ļʶɺ൱˲𣬽үүףٵ˵Ув˾Ǹи֣֡
Ĳ˼úܣүүǽֵܣղؽרңһе̩ɽûС͵˽£ôܿ
ѵүүҪ


16 绰
Ĳ˼ţǰɬĴкľһѾϴ÷׶ʼ·Īʡ
ⷽ棬Ĳ˼͹ƵкĺǿҶӦûһ֡ǿˣǲȥǸ⡣
һĲ˼װ׵Сֶ˵ðɣѾشҵ⣬ĵ绰ңԺп㣡
ûУһֱ˵ľֻ̯ش𣬡ûֻ
Ĳ˼סֺֺЦںöСѧֻˣ˵ôĸıֵȷ˵ѣһϴ÷׵·ʲô֮ܵĺôǵ˵ز
µпյʱȥһϣڻбҪ
Ĳ˼и˲ܷŹ˵˵СıǸͬ˭
ǸʮӣɫװһɫǵͷǸ˵ò״ϸ˵˳ĲԶɽĲ۾Ĳôͬⲻ˳һͷˣ
Ĳ˼˵󵱼ųȥվһʵŵúܣĲ˼ĸϻǲǲԺ󿴵ƿ·ߺˣ
ſַǷĴУĲ˼ӽĲƵǸͬѺȥ͵Ƭɳ
Ƽڽ䴦һ̨ӱߣĲǷϵŶԺȾƣôһ·Ѿʮʮ꣡
ȻĲԶɽĲ۾Ὣ͵ִãֻΪաĲһ¶ĲеĵλͻһǧɣĲԶɽȫǱȰ͵ִöҪܵĽ֣Ҳô˵ͬٳϵԱһĲƵǰ;Ѿʹ䣡
ֻиģĲƺܿˣֿЦȫûע⵽¶ѹûעСɫˡ
ţ򶫣ĲԶɽһյȥģѾ߷ˣ綼̧ŻȥԭҪһ飬һ˭֪Ĳ飬ƻ仯
ʱ򣬴ƣƳһ㣬ĲԶɽһ𱻡죬а˾ŷֵˡ
Ĳ۾վһٱλлλҸʮٵᣬĲ۾ллλ⣬Ҹ¸ˣȾƵĻֻܾˣı˼ھʹҸλؾһλͲҪҸ׾ƣһжһУȸΪ
Ĳ۾˵һѿձһۣžһϣһֽƣҸǲ̫࣬Ĳ۾Ҫλݰ
ĲϼУĲԶɽǾԵļ䣬ʮѾ˾ӶߣеȨָ˶Ĳ۾Ĳ۾ҲʤĲԶɽûٲֹܹϵ£˿Ĳ۾ӰҪԶĲԶɽ
ȻĲҹϵеˣֻһķﶼ֪ĲԶɽĲļ
Ĳ۾ʮĹѾǺιˣͭ׸һ仰һͶʣͷĸ߹ͷͷǶ׷ѣ˵Ĳ۾һţͭǾͻĻҲ⣡
ıܸĲ۾һϯĳǼͷͷԼͭ⼸̼⣬˶ûʸͬһϯģĲ۾һ仰ıǶվͬ
ĲԶɽʹˣϵľ־ǺƣһƾһѾֲ嶫ϱˡ
ţ򶫵ľǱȽϴģҲ߷̶ֳˣˣǺЦֱ֣ȾƺȾƣ
ս˿Цŵ˵ţ壬ҾͲˣ㿴϶ˣҪǸźôŪȥ
ţһҡͷЦģȻ˻ܣǶǼʮүˣٲҲᱻǶϻȥʹðɣ

ֺˣ׻һδֻˣȻͬ޷ȵĳͲɣŮĳ˻лǻ죬ɬ
ʵҲȷĹˣЩ޹ؽҪĿ˵νݵˣĲ۾аţƵ귽ר̺ƵĿˣҲͻؼȥֱ¥ϿȥЪϢ
Ƶ¥ϵķҲĲ۾ȥǣòµţ͵˷ֱЬӰڵϣٸ˱ѿյ¶ȵãŵԼķ
Ƶ귿ʩȫϴһɵϣʣоʼնţ򶫵Ǽ䷿ţ򶫵ǼȻûоƵ귿ãǶһ˵ġů׻˵ѶԼĹѣƵ귿ٺãҲԼļң
⼸˵ֱ췭ظֲ뿵ׯȻԼϵĿڴȻֻмٿǮδѾǽˣ
ǽϵҺӿţֽĿŵȴû°㻭棬˼УԱߴͷϵĵ绰
һ²Ͳιãλ
ͲﴫһεŮҪ𣿡
񣿡ûʲô񣬳һ²ʶԷҹҲˣû
ѾҹˣǾƵ绰ҪҪʳģȻƵ귿ĲҰģû˵ҲǼƵԺȿɲˣڴʣٿǮǲģ˵ǮҲ滨ѣҪԵĻȥЩС͵ԣʮǮ͹ԱˣҪھƵֻ»ٿǮԲʲôζ
绰ͷŮҲһûĻ⣬Ϊ˵ЦͣͣʵʲôҹҹģҪҪС㣬װʲô⣿
˴С㣿ҪСʲôⱻëǸɾģҪɣ
㡭
Էıˣ˼յС治ǼٲҪҪС㣬һ˵ҹһ˵ëӣ㵽ʲô˼
ЩͿˣƵС㲻ǻëӻͲ𣿡
ٺٺ١ԷҲ̲סˣյûôôˣС˼Ҿ͸˵ףҪҪ˯ģƯġ
ŶŻȻ˲죬ȻԷ÷ϣð춼Ų
ϾѧУ̫ˣƽʱ൱ҷգѧУҲûʲôѣղŵ绰ǸŮ˵ĻûŪף˵Ƕġ
һǸϽܾˣҪҲҪ
ƺǻͲ˴̶һ㣬žһˣȻԶԶģҪǵ绰ĻҲٽˡ
ûһ˼̣һһʣ˭
Ŵ򿪣ſڵһЦЦȻĲ˼磡
ǡ㣿˴㡭ô˻ʲô£
Ĳ˼΢̣ܹŹֵı顣
Ȼһ绰ƺЩ죬ͣͣղšǲ绰ģ


17 ר
Ĳ˼̲סꡱЦһ˵СʵҪҪˣҲץΣ
ñϺëԭǸ绰Ĳ˼ģѹ־ŮĹǻֵģҺԼС٣ϲҪ̲סջˣĸϻڸ㡰ִҪǱץ֤ݣԼøпͷˣ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôŮΪʲôͶˣԼûʶҲŸոհѣ˵ԼҲĲжɣϻǰѽһˣΪʲôҪԼ鷳
ԼĲС㡱ҪȻ㿪ЦǻˣΪĲ˼ǹ⡰סģԼ˼Ļû˼£Ҳ׼Լ᲻ڿЦ
Ĳ˼ı飬㻹ſڸʲôҽȥ㣿㷿ʲô˵Ķ
ǡ
ʱĲ˼缤ǱϽÿĲ˼ȥ֪ûʲôԼҪϡһ㣬ָҪöˮԼϣ
Ĳ˼ȥȻȥϴּȵȵطѰңȥһȻһ࣬Ķ˵Ͻ·ҳȥ
˴ϴҪϢˣͲĲ˼ʲô֯ôҪԼȥʲô
һҡͷܾˣǲУϸţ嶼ˣҵھƵչǣô˻Ҫʲô
ǹƲĲ˼ҪʲôΣҲҿ϶Ĳ˼ɲǶøУӲҪȥԷֻ֣Ĳ˼翴ȥӰ·Ѱ˼һ󣬻ǲ²ĸϻʲô⡣
Ĳ˼ɫ΢΢һߵߺߣҸһλᣬٸһλᣬǳȥǲȥ
һᣬ˵ȥ
Լû£ò
Ĳ˼ɫȻһ᲻һԩԼϷ
²⻹ǲ´ˣĲ˼ûһĻ½һλεꡱһ¾Ͱһ˫ָˣ
СԸĸȻ˲ٵĥѣȴûбĥ̸ֻĸܹɷһ⻹ͷһ⣡
㡭㡭ҪԩʲôЩĻţ֮ǰĲ˼в˵񡱣ǻֻǿͷ˵˵ˡĲ˼Ҳûټһ仰þͶӲЩ֪룡
Ĳ˼ںֱ᲻ǻҪЩʲôա֤ȻŪУ
˵Ĳ˼ôСʲôôκ鶼СϵȥӦûﲻĲ˼Ӱĳ̶Ȱɣ
Ĳ˼˳ְڵɳϵ·˵ϣ˵ʵʵȥӣģҿɾͲ֤㻹ûˣ
Ȼ鲻ԸҲֻ㬵ĸȥȻûеףسưµŮ죬֪ԼŪȥҪʲô
˵¥һֱƵ棬ûҶ˼ܣϾλεӣֲʲôרҵӣʹӳĲ˼ģֻҲᱻ˾ٱʱǵéﲻʺҲʺˣ
˾ƵĲ˼羶ֱͣ·ߵһɫĿ棬ǰ󿴵粣ˢ¼һŷĲ˼ᣬ˳Ŷ˵ϳ
ȻѾҹˣ·ϻвͭǸеȳУ˿ڹҹҹϸĸ˺ֵܶ࣬úܡ
ôˣһᣬȻȥˣڳűˣ˺᣺ϣôԩҶı㣬Ҫ͸һǹɣ
Ĳ˼綸Ȼһ¿ˮ̵㶺̲סֺֺЦżҪһ£Ӵһһ䣬Ĳ˼ڱһƣһӾ͸ƽ˳档
Ĳ˼硰žһѳŹˣȻӳͷƹȥһ˳ŤԿ׵˳źһ˵ҿǷKӲͲǲǣ
һԣĲ˼ԵӲʣǷЩҪ֮ǰ֡ʲô־磬ֶ˰ֻȻûףҲ֪ҹܳҪʲô£
Ĳ˼翪ʱר£νΣΪӴĿ˿Ա׾ڳдɣ̲סһ˫ץͷϱߵİ֣ŬҰڶȶס
Ĳ˼ɲȣܿҰĿųԼʮӺ͵Ŀĵأѳһͣȡ˳Կ״򿪳ȥ˵ˣ³
򿪳˳ȴͷĿѣĲһˤ
Ǻòãѵ㻹γɣĲ˼ֵļһִϽߡ
Щѣһˣ̧ͷ˿ط㳡һͣƺͣĳǾóǰ߶ʮԶĴ¥мĽɫ֣ͭй֡
һˣ
һϲ˹ˣĲ˼϶Ȩ˰ɣÿҸ˾Ͷ
Ĳ˼ǸŮûյʱͲҪȥֻԼԸĿͷ
Ĳ˼ġӪˣĲ˼ǺϵֱǴȥ
ܶĴƷľ춼Ĳ˼кҲûȥע˱ѺŽ飬Ĳ˼кҪΪĲ˼̫Ůͨһ㡣
ڴ¥ݿڣĲ˼簴˰ȥİʾϵͣڡ12ϲĲ˼簴˼ºŭֹһ£Ťͷһֵ¥ݣ
Ҳ˳ŰɣһĲ˼磬ȼ쵼ʱٳûͶߣ˵¥ݾ¥ݰɣֻǲ֪Ҫȥ¥Ǽ¥
Ӳ¥ȥĲ˼粽ὡһ¥ҲûôЩˣ˫ĨһѺˮȻҪȥ¥
¥Ĳ˼ƺʲô飬ʻҲûоܴ˳ھͻشˣҲС
ŮˣŰֱߺߣ﷢գȥ¥ֲһ¥¥ȥ¥˵ݣûܵһ
ЪЪҲˣĲ˼ȴû˿ҪŻͣЪһµ˼Ͽߡ
һӵĻ𣬵¥׼Ъһ£Ĳ˼һƣ˳˵߿ߣ
ߵЩϵӣxxƳ칫ҡxxɳ칫ҡһ·ȥ󿴵ֳ칫ҡӣʱϲĲ˼粢ûͣ˼Խǰ߹ȥϵְͷҲԽԽߣĲ˼ְߵĶͷ˾ͶߣְԽߣͶߺͷҲԽ
û´Ĳ˼һֱߵֳ칫ҡſڲͣҲûľһţŽȥһһ˵֣˸רҡˣ
ſھ洫һͳѾͷнôǸֳĸŶ԰ɣ


18 Ѽϼܵר
ǸɵҲó֡Ĳ˼ϵǳԼҳŮ˵Цһ㡣
Ĳ˼תͷֵ
֪ǾֳĻ˽ȥ
Ĳ˼ЦĶ԰칫ŵ˵֣ҹҪȥЩʸֳϵרĺ鷳ĥžͰһʶרŪᣬԲЩרҵˣ
ʮӣŨüĿĸо֡±ζӾ˾òŭˡ
̧ЩȻ˼СĲ⡭רңô궮ʲôܼ豭ǲİɣ
Ĳ˼硰ۡһЦ˵֣֪Ҳͨ˵ëо仰˲ò࣬ˮɶүүİݰֵ϶࿴ӢţҲ˵ĿùһΣ벻ţҾڹŶӦûǺǿģ˵ҲҲˣҿȽŰɣУٻ
֡Ŷһ۹Щı䣬̫ᣬôѧʲôֻĲ˼絹ǲϹ˵ô˵ˣ˵˶ٻЩ°ɡ
ˣȿֳһ£±ߵĳóһɫСƱȻӰ칫߳кĲ˼һ߽ǵĻɳСĵİСӷŵ輸ϣ㿴ĻǼٵģ
Ȼ˫ֱǻζϵ죬ֳҪͶĲ˼ְȨ˽ֲ̣ǷˣƾʲôҪң
ŶֳŶȻһĲ˼磬˹СĲ˵˵ô£
Ĳ˼ںĵ㻹ţҽæҳĹ٣㺿ʲô
ֳһ֪Ĳ˼Ӳİ˼ŪˣѹһͷͶˣһߺߵ񻰣СĲϽ˼Ұ⿪˼ҵǸ񣡡
Ĳ˼硰ٺ١һЦǳЦԿ׳ȴûϵһ˵˾˵ͽ⣬⻹ûУ
ҲĲ˼üһôҪˣ㰮ⲻ⣬¶ð죡
Ƿˣ
ֳ̲סһùԿһ߽һ˵ɣССĲϵĵǸͬʱҲΪҵһҪϳΪ
뿴Ĳ˼类𷣣ֳԲһϯ˵úܡϡʵȴģһֳݡǸҲ١Ӳȥֻܼþˡ
ֳ⿪Ȼ˵СҲͲ˵ʲôˣ湫ֳ£ҪԸΪԭ򣬼Ȼ㲻Ըϰȥ
ȻܿĳʵһδʲôСëͷֳŶ߹·࣬仰ͰԺסˡ
ֳִֿȻĺֳ˼ǡˣҲˣҾͰֳæɣɰģ
˼ֻܾдӦˣ˳ְѸոպֳ顱ʻ˵˳ǸССɰһƵı¶ȻȽϵб֣ǿ϶мֵĶ
ֳȻ֪ǸСɰ٣ԭҪһۣ˵˽ҲûиоرľϲҪǶ̫Ϊʶټְ񱾾ͲˣĻش͸ĲһӮʮʮĻᣬĻشǶԾǴشҲһһĻᣡ
ǲǶģشȷġ
ֳһӲŶ˵С¶ȸһ°ɣһشĹ˽мֵر޴˽⣬ĿǰץˣһͭǱصϷӣһˣϷӾסѵü֪٣Ǹֻǽͷʱץ񣬽ͷʱֻһĿǰҪ֤ʵľ٣ĵ˵ˣģǾʱֻСʱˣû֤ݵ£Ǿ˵ʱֻжʮСʱ
ʱˣΪ̫һʱҲҲרȷϹŶĲ˼絹൱йϵģүүٳͭǱоڹŶһеרҸǼˣһԺȹ󣬸²֪˶벻ˣ
Ĳ˼ǿŪһû취İ취ҲۼС飬ϵͣΪЩ汾µġ
Ĳ˼жգǿóֳҲżģﲻ˵æҲͰˣ¶ǡܰ쵽ֺϷ治ֵĻδˣҪúֳǷһ飬ȴҲʲô飡
ԺúֳǯסĲ˼磬鷳
ãֳԸæֻҲܰٷְٱ֤һǵԸô˵ɡʵаյģֲѻ˵ôҾҸ˵ɣ
ֳӦˣЩοǲʲôϣϾûףӺרҿûһǵʮģľУҲûһרң
ֳһͷǺã²˳٣ȥҼ
Ϊרֳﲢû͵֤ұܣΪǣĽϵ̫㣬쵼İӣԺֳרС鳤ս
СҴһ쿴أֳţǸϽԿ״򿪡
ںֳĲ˼һӺܰûиֻ
Ҳ󣬴Լֻжʮƽмһεľ߸İľΣǰһѣмڷһú񲼰ŵķģһĴʵĴСࡣ
ҲûбĶֻǸûǶϿһûУ
ֳҲûкֱȥѺ񲼰ŵĶ򿪣񲼴򿪺¶ĲǹŶǸСӡ
ֳٰСӽҿŵ˳ȻСĵİڷŵǰϡ
С㿴ȷô
ʵȥôϸ飬Ѿ֪ⶫģΪûб֣Ȼܾƾһ۾˵ǼٵģҲҪںֳǰһٹ
һɫġ롱Ⲽϸ·ɫĥīһ㣬ڵ÷
룬ȷʵûҪ˵ص˵ģҪ˵ʲôҲ˵ܿ϶ǣⶫǼٵģΪûб
ӺֳСĶܹⶫĻӦǼֵ˵ġ
ģϸ۲һȻְ˼βҡͷƷ


19 ʮ
Ȼֲ²⣬ֳĲ˼綼ԵôʧͬǼٵģ
óֳ˵Ľкܴ󲿷ݵĲΣֺܲԸⶫǼٵģǼٵģǾͱʾǴ˾ͱˣһŻɽش󺣣Ҫֻ¾ˣ
Լ֪ʶ̫ˣĸֻڼǲһأ˱Թ䱦Ʒ֪ʶȴҪǿǧٱͺñǰīɫɣͿ϶˵࣬Լȱ㣬ھֻ˵ⶫǡٵġǡƷȻܿ϶٣Ҫ˵ⶫļٵȴû취˵
ܹܲ˵ΪûС˵Ǽٵİɣ
Ժ󻹵ø϶¿๦ǿ֪ⷽʶЩټرһУܹĺ绽꣡
ѹһųŻشֳĻǺ͵룬ɫʽﵽԼĵزҿԿ϶ø߿ƼֶɺƷݵķƷִƷ
ֳصʵаٷְٵİտ϶Ʒ𣿡
Ұٷְٿ϶Ʒ˵ͷԥľͻش
ԥֻúֳţնĿ϶ⶫǼٵģֳŵĿԻһЩΪûоԵİ˭ô϶
ֳһͬʧĲ˼磬ʧıԱ˺һֻ̾ĸСʱˣû취ͷֻܷŻɽˣ
һ£ЩɵֳҪҪҾ͸ȥ˵סȥһ£᲻ʲô֣
ֳƫͷ˼Ӻ̧ͷͶĲ˼СĲ֪ͨһɣȫټϷӻƷס㣬סֻĸСʱˣܴӻƷǶ򿪿ӣҵ밲˼ɵĹϵǾֻܰѰ˼ͷţ
ãĲ˼羴˸شʱȣҲûйȥ룬ֻ޵ʱȥ飬Ѱпֵܷ˿
ԥһ£ֳһ֮ǲĲ˼ȥϷסȥ飬ҿֳı飬ûжζȣҲᰲʲô
ĲҡҸȥ
Ĳ˼Ѿ첽߳ȥϸϸѰ˼Ͻ׷˹ȥȻҪֳæҪϵϵܰҵ֤ݲҪģԲĲ˼ʲôԹһߣڸȥϷӵסС
Ĳ˼֣Ҳû˵߲ͬͬ⣬ʾȻǽȥݺͳֻ绰
绰ҲǴֳ˵ȥϷӳǽլȥ
ֻĸĲ˼磬˵Ĳ˼£˵һ仰ǵ
Ĳ˼ʵпǵģϷڳ׷ӣ罼һϷӣƽҲס罼լķӷָס·󣬾סլмֵ֤һûõҪ͵˳ȥĹûҵͷ˰˼Ȼһûץ֤ݣΨһܼѺ˼ɵֻС֤ݡ
֤ҲֻдӻƷסѲˣ鲻ڶʮСʱ͵÷ˣ鵽Ļ˽ٿѺεȫѲ鶼ûܴӻƷסѵмֵ˵Ǽˣ
Ҫ˵ղصĻµլɱȳƷ׷ײصסŶĲ˼һͷ뵽ľȥլӡ
ĸϺĲ˼ɷĿȴ˱仯֮ǰǡ衱͡ȡɵģҲԸģҲֳȡˣҪ˵Ĳ˼硰𡱣ûͷ
ȻֻǸʮĸضرխĲ˼ġȴֱȻգҲûһҪôͷҪ˵Թô̸ĸһ˶ġ۸
Ĳ˼糤òɣʵǸ³˵ԸҲ족ݣӴĿڹ·ϱۣһξ飬ϵ˰ȫپһ˫ֽץͷϵķ֡
ȥ罼·ɴ·խ·ĳ˫ǵ幫·һСʱ㵽ˡ
ƷµլǵŶ¥ƽľӣݱɽǰˮһƬ˵أ⻹һСӡ
Ĳ˼ѳͣǰʮ״һ˻ϻ£³ӴſһֻŵĻƹѾ¶ɭɭű˹
¹Ͻͽʰһһ׶೤Ŀ֦Ĳ˼Ȼǵһо飬ȽһƼҰţǾ죬й£
ƷӸϱӶסڳֻʮĸһסϰǰѾʵƷ͵ر󣬲ʮꡣ
Ʒ·󣬾ܵѲסլֻһ
ƷǸﷷӣҲΪαץ֣ΣϷǾ޿һĹŶûеģլˡɾɣ
ĸ䣬߷ݼвз죬ûҳκ֤ݣֻСʱʱˣСʱҲ֤ݣƷͷİ˼ɾ͵÷ˣ
Ĳ˼纰һΪߴ˳òϣ繵֣ûоʮҲаʮȻϣ·Ķȴܽ
̫ߺ˻ƹƹǺ˼£β;תصߣĲ˼ĿȻףȴٷͽС
Ĳ˼Ŷ˵ҽȥ۷㣬һɵ㶼ҪŹ
ֻ˵ʱĲ˼ſûмŽݲ鿴˼ƺطɽˮɫһῴ˵أһǰľͣλôǿϻŤͷ˺üۡ
Ĳ˼üͷִһ£ĥˣϽȥѲ飬ûʱˣ
̫Žűߵ¶׹Ļƹԥһ²ŶĲ˼ĲĲ㻹Ƚаֹɣ鲻򵥡
Ĳ˼˺ߵʲô򵥣һʮ̫ţһҲֵ㺦µģҶûһʲôúµģ
һ˵ʲôȴû˵Ĳ˼ż̬Ǻף̫źƹܡ桱ĸоټһ³Ϳ쳣ԲŽĲ˼Ͻаֹ
Ĳ˼ûжͷֻ̫Žűƹ¶ηı飬ɵյų£еԺϱȢĸŮԸ޸ˣ
ȫ˼ƹϣ˫֦ƹţͷϾǺˮ
µ̶ȣĲ˼ֱǿЦãԲֱȥ
̫ûᣬƹҲûжš


20 
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬾͸оƹйŨŨġľսľһ˫ʪܵľǺˮ
Ĳ˼粻Ƚƽ̫źͻƹ߾ʱƹȻˣȴûж
ǻƹûжΪ̫ûС
̫Ų죬Ĳ˼翴̫ˣϰʮ̫ܺúõ·Ͳˣж϶Ѿ˥ˣûаֶע⡣
Ȼ̫Сӡ˼Ĳ˼Ҳ׵ģϾľץӵһежԵ˼ģ̫ٵжԣھѲҲֻ֮֮
Ĳ˼ھУǸ߲ΪǸƯŮرĴҪԼܴϻۣ췽رԣĹ۲൱ǿ
ƷסլĲ˼ͬ¶ϸļر⴦լӣǽڣﶥûеңûмбڣرļ飬ǽȴǷ񶨵ģûκη֣
ҲĲ˼ΪҲϸļ飬Ȱзĵƶ򿪣Ȼű˰Сǽû
ǽں͵棬ֻҪпնûܱʶпնǽڸʵǽûȫͬġ
пնǽûʣʵǽû̴ֳֶٵġ
һΣĲ˼缸Ǻ©ļ飬ȼƽȻľ߷ǽȻǰļμһ
Ĳ˼һ뵽ڵѲϴֳҲԽļˣʱ伸ֹȥһСʱûѵһûֻ֣ȥ
ߣ̫źͻƹǶûжĲ˼̧ɨɨȴһͷһĺˮɫΪŵĸƹţ˫ľӹ
ǱĲ˼رѻ̤߹ȥͺȳǶȥ
ȻûʲôջĲ˼ŻǸϵĶͬ»ϣסլܲջ
ȴûжͷ΢΢ƫ˹ȥһ˫ȴȻŻƹ˵ĲǽСͬɣ
ѹˣĲ˼ûĵصģˣˣһɣŵ·ˣ
Ȼиߣ֪ƷŶĶҪԸǻƹ̫ţ
㡭֪Ĳ˼һסʳȻϲȴǲĻΪǸһطģûݼôܻз֣֪㣿
ԭƺۻ軨̫Ļ󣬺Ȼһݣ۹
Ĳ˼һϲ̫Ȼ¶жζҪȻôҲ֪ǲá黰ġ
Ĳ˼Ȼ˼ǣȻһ㶼ûж̫źͻƹ裬Ǹˣ˵㡭ҪСĻƹϽϽͬ¹Ԯȥȡ
Ĳ˼綢ۼľƹţ¸˵ʱ۾ҲǽŻƹиȴ治˵黰ѵ֪
Ȼоʵ֣Ĳ˼һ£ȻͳֻڳѲͬ´˸绰鳤ڻƷ罼լз֣ϸϹɣ
ڳѲĸһ鳤ڳסլҲһûջ񣬽ӵĲ˼ĵ绰ʱϲ˵Ͼ͸Ϲ
һҲǽСʱûз־͵÷ˣڶ賿һз֣ƣ룬Ͻ罼Ϲ
ſڵһŽܵƹ߱Ƚϰ춥ϵ⵹ǺʮģԲˣĻĲ˼翪ƹ⡣
Ӵ򣬽յõģƹ۾ڵƹ·Եɭɭĸֲ
̫ŵٺ١ЦһӲ˵Сëͷǿ̫ۻ軨úŪǲǣҶӿԩģթң˵ʲôֲֵģﶼǷ˸׳죬Ƿʲô
ľȻţ̫ŵĿûСţǲԩúܣ˵ٺ٣ҿû˵û棬˵׳죬پʲôã
˵˵Ĳ˼һ㶣Щϲ˵ûв
˵ʱĲ˼絹ţ˳ƵĵƹŵλãطڵƹӰ£Ȼ¹ʱȴԵ÷ڣ￴˿¡¡ֿóʲô
ʵ֮ǰѲУĲ˼ҲΧʮ׷ΧмҲûзʲô쳣
̫ҲǾɲĳˣСëͷֲ̫Ŵģٺ٣˵ջǾ첻Ǿ˵һжҪʵҪ֤˵𣿡
̫ŵ۹г²ǣǲţûȥشĲ˼ĻŵţҲ˵ջҲˣǲԩģ᲻ΣǶҵ£ֻ˵ʵѣطصĶҶѾ֪ˣ
̫űţ϶ڡšѣ˵ʱ۾뿪˻ƹ飡
һʱ̫ɫ䣬̲ס
Ĳ˼ĻҲǰŰɵģΪڶ̫ƣ֪Ǽٵ֪ղ̫Ȼã
̫Ͼ̵ûӹĲ˼۾̫һ˲ıĲ˼缸Կ϶ƷլӴС
ʵģոĵطһۣǾǶ̫űʾص㣬̫ô᲻ף
һ³ʱѾλðɫıһɫرŨ
ɫ֣ľ˵ƷȻҹ£Ҳ˸
һڳͣԱߵǿ˫˺Χϻϣһ߰ʮĲ˵С
Ʒܽƻص㼸ǲֵܱģϻ֦Ҷïʢ֦ɴִ󣬳ֱλϰ˾׸ߵһֲ濴ȥһ쳣ģȻ棬ػƷҲ׼ģʹȥҲǲܷ쳣϶˶ٷϣͿƤ糣ôֵˣ
˵ϻͬһùʵ۵ĹǵǻᵣȥժʵϻϵֱִгɵӶԵ޹ȥԲ˶Ǻȵġ
һ̫Զ߰ʮףڲ˵У˵оڲ˵˶ôҪôص㣬ǼҲǲܵģ
̫ôõͲҪȥϸѰң۾ܿĵطбðӲ۾ӻƷصȻΪأôõ䱦Сð


21 蹷
̫ԭΪһȻ޹һʼĻҲֻ뻣Ū׻ѣ׼˲صλú̫̩ɽһӾͱˣ
һ֤ﱻ֣ǾͱʾӻƷֻˣӶʮüˣ˽ɲС˵ϷɰҪиʮ꣬ʮüʮΣⱲӻʲô˵ģ
̫Լʮˣ˵ʲôʱͻȥӻƷնûпˣ˵ˣҲʲôﲻģһ֪صصϾ˾
ƣȥҧǣ
̫žУʱǲһˣŶҳӾˣ롰¡죬ȻϰѹŶתƵȫصĵطʹ˷Ҳ£ʮüˣضӵ꣬Ҳֵˣ
ƹȻ¶׹⣬̫ûҲһֱ£̫һ£ɲǼ˱仯
ƹͷһ͵͵ĺһƺ
ӽˣƹ֫׳ĸߴ󣬱ͨĴҪһ֣һëʽɫڵƹ¿ûо䣬ֱֱľһɫġ롱
ȻͨļȮᣬͷ񣬲ͷʨӣƹͷȮǲǹĻ塣
ܿ䱦ıʶӦҲԶǰһһʼ͸оƹġˣ̫һ󣬻ƹ˲ͱ
Ҳһ˲ȫһ˫ֽľյøŻƹ
ƹƺҲ֪ȫأͺУһţಡһ¾ʹֱĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼ѹûƹĥ˵Ļ滹Ǽ٣ǲ̫ŵĻϵƹж磬˲
Сģ
ϸ룬ŵĵѵĴһĲ˼ȻûעƹֻǺݣлӰһĴУҲɲǼ˷Ӧͬһʱˡ
ƹĶʵ̫죬Ĳ˼˰벽ƹһ˫׳ǰѾļϣſ¶Ұ׵ֱҧĺ
Ĳ˼硰ӴһҲʲô赲ĶڱѾᵽƹȳζֻˡ
ƹĴ조ડһҧ£ȴҧ˸գĲ˼羪һۣŷֻƹҧյԭںץβͣţԻƹһ˺ҧûҧĺϣ
ƹһ˫ǰȴĲ˼ϣǰȴҲץβϣĲ˼練Ӧݣȭڻƹϣ顱һ£ƹŭһԾǰһ
Ĳ˼һȭִͣڻƹϣһȭͽƹұˣƹŭڰ佫ԾŤͷβ͵ҧȥ
ѽ
ŵĵѣæӿ˻ƹβͣľŶȥ󽫻ƹס
ƹ֮£͸ף˹ȥǰᵲľϣ޴ĳһӾͳ嵹ڵء
ƹݣſھҧꡱ¾ͰŵǸƱϸ֦ҧˣٺҧĺ
Ĳ˼統Ȼ֪ǻƷ˶ʮĲӽ֣׺ʨúܡ
ƷߵǼù·ӣ񹷾ΪˡĲ˼Σÿƹûʲô׶ľٶͬǶû⡣
⵱Ȼ̫ſŲûƹ¶μΪѲ鲻ŵĶûҪûƹס
Ĳ˼⼸¶Ĺ˲ܱĿŻƹҧĺոŹβ;ʱȴ
һƫͷƹһҧϣĵʹ˲ʹ˴ԸӦС
ƹܹרŵѵ֪ҧ粻һɣĺҧȥȴûϵһͷĹӴȥӺֱ嵽Уƹ໡һҽУ۵ڵϴҽС
һ׶೤ĹӼ߰ʮ׵ĳȴӻƹ˸Уߵֻʮס
ͷʰŻƹģƹѹҧϺ󣬼ݽľҧϺ󣬷ľĶѿŪüˣĵʹӭŻƹҧĴֱȥһ
Ĳ˼ʱǹ򿪱գڵϷĻƹ顱һǹǹӵȫ⣡
Ϊ˷ֹ̫йķӦĲ˼ָϽǰ˴ԱߵĴդϣּȥڵ
ôˣðɡ
ϸƹҧһڣϵ·ҧ˼ѪȾ磬ֿ˿ڵ̶ȡ
ΣսһиŸоϵ˿رۣ̲סʲôðɣҪҧһԿ
Ĳ˼硰ۡһ̲סЦֺЦֺĵѽ㣬ʱҪҶ죬˺ˣҶԲס㣬Ͻҿ˿ڡ
Ĳ˼һ˵һ߷ڿĴ£õĺϵѪԵĿõں⡰ð
Ĳ˼Ͻ׵ȻСĵ̧ѵ·΢ŤУ̲סʹӴѽӴʹ
Ĳ˼ѶŵøЩȴ飺㣬һ˵ƤСޱӽʹԺɴСúˡ
׳Ĳ˼ϾѪ˿ڣ˺Ѻܴһ¶һ׹ǣ
˿ɲᣬҲֲ̲סʹ
Ĳ˼ﾾʹһ£Щж˵͸ˣȴƫƫǿǻƹ׺ݣҪʱֻ󿪣һʬˣ
𶯱𶯣Ҹ˿ڣֹֹѪһسҽԺȥĲ˼Լ£ˢˢˢ˺˼ƬȻҸµϵбţò˿ֹѪ
ʹ𿴶ô£ƹԼ˺ƴ⼸ľȫ
Ĳ˼òײŸ˿ڰסϵλôѪȻӽĲֻҪỺࡣ
Ѫʵںܶ࣬Ĳ˼翴һ˫ѾѪȾͨ죬ǰûԼͷѪϾڼͷʱĲ˼һ˫Ⱦͨȴ쳣ֲָߵ±̽ͷ棬ͷһѣһȻ˹ȥ
Ĳ˼ЦһʱݣʱɣʱָĪ⣬ܵ˵ǸӲʵӺȻԼСŮˣʵΥķ
ôҲ벻ȻᡰѪԼմĻѪ׹˺ҧûԼѪˣ
Ĳ˼ֱжȫ۾ЩʪȾͿó¹ȴΪ˾ƹƴΪ˵ʵǺѣ
οֲǸһǸܹѵľ죬ֻǸͨˣ


22 
һ߸ԱԽҰȻҹ賿罼ϼûҲûгԳٿԿܿ죬ֻ˰Сʱ͸ϵƷסլ
ڰ·ϵʱĲ˼Ѿ绰֪ͨˡ
һ³ͿҡֳĲ˼εڵϣһԵֳ׳Ļƹḻ̌ڵϣĲ˼ϾѪҲѪƹӶһس
ʮĻƷڴڵդϣһѲ鼸Σϵ̫ţ񲻳Ĳҳ
СΣС죬СϽسҽΣѲ顭һɵжȻĲ˼磺˼磬صˣ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ˵߶ӣҡȾ˵
Ĳ˼˵ֻ֪ص㣬εˣȻ֪ǲ֪ҲֻлŪ
Ĳ˼Ҳ׵ģѪһ㣬ҪĻʧѪ࣬˿ڲᣬ򲻻ôá
Ķӵ̾Ǹɣжǿҽ򵥵ƴУ̶ԼƣǶΪ
ǡûѾһɸĲ˼ĶԻ΢΢һĲ˼Ͳˡ
㡭ˣĲ˼־ϲ
촽˶õ͵ֻĲ˼һ˲˵ͷл˵
Ĳ˼һ²Ҫ˵ʲôһ¸ϽѶ˹ȥ
ĶطһͣԱǿϻϣϻ߰׸ǸֲڴǶиƤˮմסһصǰߵĲ˵״СıĤӵأ棬ȥȥڳǧ˵˵ģ˵Լҵġ
Ĳ˼˴⻰˵ֺͿص˵úֻҪصжǾͰٷְҵõͿǣôܻ֪ô
˵Щúܳ˵㡭ǧҪҪ˵Ҹ˵ģ
Ĳ˼һʱŪʲô˼ĲַΪʲôֵģһ󹦣
ں˵ɣǲǸƹҧ˵˷蹷ͷԺͿˣ
Уͷһƫ˹ȥʵ֧ŲסˣĲ˼Ͻֽͬǰ̧ȥҪСĵ㣬˺أϽ͵ҽԺȣ
̧ͬȥĲ˼£Ͻ˼仰ţҽȸȮ
Ĳ˼绹ǻƹзȮֻ֢֢ҪڶʮСʱڴĻû£ûĻֻҪʮСʱ֢Ǿ޾ˣ
Ĳ˼翴ͬ¿뿪ŶԸһ˵߶ӣϻڵһ辿Ƕûаھ򹤾߸ҵ˵Ǳȥ
һɿ˿Ѿ賿ʮˣٹһСʱ͵ͷŰ˼ɣ֪Ĳ˼ķûмֵз־Ǻ£ٻһϣ㻹ȷƷƷֻҪҵھʮСʱʱ䣡
һ㣬ΪûдĹߣһԱ˸ľ¥ݳڴϣ׳¥ô辿ڵλá
һһ֣Ըһ֣ǿȥ鿴ҪСģŪ˶
Ա֣ǿӦһ˿ȹ¥ȥ֪һɷԸŪ˶ָֹŶŪЩɲָŪϻ
֣ǿֵ辴ϸ飬һ濴ۼˣ
ִλãϸܿƤһֱʮ״СԲѺۣѺ۷֬Ͳ޷һ㣬Ŀ˭ᷢϻܣ
֣ǿһڣֵ磬˿Ȼ֬ͷ϶˶һȦ֬˿һ⣬Ƥɶˡ
֣ǿһϲץƤСĵĽҿ¶һںڵĶڣֵһգ߱ȶڴˣ߸һһ߼Ŀռ䣬ֻһֻںڵС档
߶ӣһֻ룬ϴڻƷסլѵǸһģһ֣ǿѺС˳Ȼ̽ͷĸһ˵
֣
һ˷ܵһ´ȣ̲סֻ׼ֳ㱨
˵ǱߵͬʱҲ˷ܵĽе߶ӣڵˡڵˣ
һɴϲԥľͲ˵绰ȥ֣˼ڻƷլ߲鵽صˣǸϹѾȡ˶ֻǲ֤ʵ涫Ʒ
ֳڵ绰ó˷ܵãǼ٣پ˼ɶʮСʱһʱ䣡
һɹ˵绰˻㱨˵飬һֵ֣ǿСأϷƻֳ֤ݣ˸һؾ
̫Ȼ󣬵ҲӰӻƷĲ˼ϳڳϣĲ˼ʱϸϸ顣
̫űܲȻĲ˼۹ҪˣʣƯŮǸƹҧ˵Ķ䵽ˡվУ
Ĳ˼粻̫ŵԹޣһб˺ģѹͲںֻ𺳲ж
үүУ࿴ò⣬Ǽҡҡ˱СıߵĽºŶЩ棬رӡ
ϰרҼЩѼϼܵ˼Ҳû취İ취̫Ҳרң˵ϵ֪ļרǼүүٳк˸̧࣬ȥҲû취µģ
ôҲû뵽š۸͡ȴĴæ
ڻƷլ㣬ȻȻ벻ôֵģȷʵָģ⿴ȴڹؼʱ̾
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһУĲ˼ȻǣİΣƷŶӣһкȻͱС΢
ͭҽԺסԺ¥ʮ¥ʮ߲Уһ£ֻ۾ôۣٻһ
ʵرֻۣˡ
һ䵥˲ҿ˿Ҳûбڣ˶о·û˵ĸоһƬľͷ˿Ѿѩ׵ıϵѪѪ¶ˣҲҽԺ
ȻǶϡҲǵãֻǵʱԣִģεĸоǵãȴֲ
ֱкüڣѪҺȻĸоľȴ൱ѣûѣƣĸоǻָˡ
ˣ
ȻϺţ򶫻ͭǾƵУԼ᲻ż
ûֻûϺţ򶫵ĵ绰룬ϵû취
һºоſԼܲ뿪ҽԺȥƵ꣬ҪȥƵĻţ򶫺ϻ֪ô˵
𶯣
ʱſڴһŮ̧һ˵ŮӾȻĲ˼磬һͺӺһˮϺŭ


23 ŵ
Ĳ˼ˮͲͺߵĹһţŭԣҽ˵˵ͷˣҪúϢһʱ䣬ǲҪİǲǣ
һ԰Σգ˻ȥŴͷӲˣȴЩĵ˵Ϻţ廹֪ȥˡ
֪˵£İɣѾϴ绰ˣоأĲ˼һƻһƤһ˵
ӦһŶȻ۳˼
Ĳ˼û׷ϵоȥʲô¶һ£ûҵŶĵطûҵŶȵȣйŶǲЩ£һ䶼ûʣƺģ
ֵǣҪȥģ˵ͷĻʱȴ͵͵˵˵صλãǧҪ˵ֵģǲͷΪʲô
Ĳ˼ֵǣô֪Ǽλõģ
Ӧ˵ƷİӺ޹ƷһҲزʶô֪ܵģ
ƻ
Ĳ˼ƻƤȻݸ
һƤƻ̲סЦƻòҲ̶ãֱɡˣٿߵͲƻƤӵͲǣƤдСûһǳģ
Ƥղֱֿ죬һˮƤһģ飡
Ĳ˼ݵòͷˣƫͷǲǰӶҪι㣿
һˢľͺˣϽȥƻӹССҧһڣŻش𣺡ֶ˻أ
Ĳ˼ССҧƻԣ̲סַЦ֪ô˵㣬ԸҲСŮˣӺɷҪľǴȾƴ⣡
Ȼһ£ˮôˣһŮôЩΣ
Ĳ˼ٺһЦ˵ôСҾϲ˵Цţллң
Ĳ˼ı黹൱ϿֿҡҡͷҲл˭İɣ
˵ףĲ˼̾һҲپ⣬䲻ʵûˣңôǼŶĲصģ
һ㶣ҪιƻҲͣǰ֧һҲûҵ͵ɳ
Ĳ˼˵øҸ˵ҵɣҪȻֻܰ㵱ɻƷͬҪȻǾ޿֪ƷŶܵص㣡
ڿ˼ɽ͵ģĲ˼˵Ӳˣһᣬ㣡
Ĳ˼һţƢˣҲû취̲סǺЦСӲвͨˣ
ˣ˵£Ĳ˼绰һתЦֺȻʵϲ˼İɣ

Ĳ˼һ仰ʱܣһƻƬǺУһʱȵ࣬ѧܣ
Ĳ˼̲סҡͷûϢҲ˵ô仰ͳӣǵȻҿô죿
һŲʵҪ
Ĳ˼ͷǰ£Ҿˣ༸Ӿ͵ˣ

һӾͻƻҲˣҪ´
Ĳ˼յʲôܶ
Ҳˣ̧ͷ첱ӴֵյҪ𣿡
Ĳ˼ѵһ£֪ҽڣҲ˼˵ʲô
ʵرأҪʧѪ˵㣬˿ȻʼƤˣҽԺѪӪؿ֮ҩȷʵǶء
̤Ьӣֱű߹ȥĲ˼̲סϴּ棬㵽ȥʲô
ͷҲصĵȥв
Ĳ˼Ц׼ųȥȻͣվſڲˣ
Ĳ˼һ۾鵽ԭĲ˼ˣվſʱ̲סʣף㡭ô
ȻĲ˼ʱѾЩ޴ˣͰ͵Ҳ˵
Ĳ˼һɫװϴŰɫЬβϲʩۣ֬ȴףױȡ
һʱǸо˵ĲͬĲ˼崿Ĳ˼죬òȻ񣬵һǷֱóȫͬġ
Ĳ˼飬Ĳ˼ˣȥһһôʦ˵ѧˣɼͦõģҪ߿˸Ҫѧ
ÿЩ·Ĳ˼û׷Ҫ𰸣͸Ĳ˼ߴߴ˵Ĳ˼һûһĸг˼ȴϣ벻͸⻹ûõأܡܡ⣬ҪĻİ취
ȷʵЩߺͲڣǰĲ˼ͬѧ꣬ȴû˵ȻϲԱģĲ˼˵˼²б֪ԼҲǲ˵ģ
Ĳ˼ͷֿ˿ŵĴλܺĲ˼磺㣬㲻˵ҽԺչ˭Ҳʶ
Ĳ˼ЦҲ֪Ȼشĸ⣬źܲڵȻһЦҵȻʶôҲʶ
ʶͬѧĲ˼ͷش𣬡ƽʱûô˵ţʦ˵ѧˣҲͦϧģΪѧⷽ⣬ҰɣǻѧУɣ
Ĳ˼һ⻰ֻ֪ãľ໰رǿõûܹʲôĥѣǶĻȻãȴˡ
ȻĪһ£ʱĲ˼Ǹ޹ؽҪ˵ҲˣƫƫȴˣⷬԽĸоԱ
ԭ޴ĸоҲʧˣһıһŵش𣺡ллˣи˵ԭ򣬸и˵ǰ̣ҸǧСԭͲͬпͬ·Ҳ߻ͷ·
Ĳ˼ȻûܹʲôѣȴǴúܣ⻰еִУ漴ҡҡͷҲûϣŶĲ˼Ц˵㣬طҸһŵģٺ١Ҳ¿϶дúˣ
Ĳ˼һ˵һߴӿŵİȡһɫŷŷǷ˿ڵģȻûд򿪿
ԱԽľûȤĲ˼ѹû˷Ϲת۾˵ĴڣӵĲ˼Զ
Ĳ˼ɫȻӹŷҲȥ˺һŵαͲʲô㻹֪
Ĳ˼һ˵㣬Ըϲͺãڶʲô˻˵ǸʲôǼҿû˭֪ʲô棿ҪǸϹӣӣҲ޸ɣ
Ĳ˼ҲûԱߣûȽ˵˵㣬ֳɵģطͦʺģֲǲ֪Сϲ㣬˵ÿܸɣ˵ؼҵķԲز˰жʮڣһطĹͣ˵ͭǵ꿡ĸǿ
˵Ĳ˼΢Цټ˼䣺㣬үүͰֲʲôңŵطǼѵŵԣ
һŵԡͷǧʯŶסˣ˵ܣ


24 
ʵǰԽܣʱ뱻ʵһʹ࣡
Ĳ˼һĲ˼Ƶ˺ˣһ̸£߲߰Ͻѧȥɣ
Ĳ˼˰֣ЩԸ㣬㲻ҪǰϳɺòãͱҴѣ
Ĳ˼飺ѣһҲǴҴҲ㣬Ⱳûϣˣ
Ĳ˼˺ߣﲱӣ˦˦Ժβתȥˡ
Ĳ˼Ŷ̯̯Ц̫ˣͦãʲô¶뵱Ȼɲô򵥣
ش𣺡ҲǸݰɣѧиðְ֣
Ĳ˼ʲôֻҴСͲҰֵĻİţȥ˾İ࣬ȴҪȥ죬жٳɾͣǶǿԼӮģ˼Ȼһľûüͥȥҫ
ò̾ϢһһʱֻȤȻʲô˵ˡ
Ĳ˼ţȻʲô̧۶˵и˸ˣҵѳĶϾϵרҼˣȫƷбεǸ͵ǹ
˴һž£˼£ŵͷͺãϲ㣡
ϲʲô֪ǲҵĹͣĲ˼˺˵˵Ҫ빦˵ʵһֱܴĹȴ֮ﲻˣ
ֵ̯̯ˣǸܿСɫСϣ㲻Ҫץˣҽţ⣬ҸоҲûʲô󰭣ȥԼ˾Ϳˣ
Ĳ˼һ׻ˣĻ͸ˣ˵ΪԼˣְѹƽ͸˵ʵܾΣ
˺ˣʲô˵ˣúõˣҲ˵߲ߵģ˺ٳԺҾͰⲡϣĲ˼һ˵һȻ
֪ǼţԼҪߵĻҲ˵İԼĲ˼ԸԳȥ²⡣
ãҾס죡߲ˬӦҪӲͷƤȥĻԺҩʲôģֻ»Ҫǧ˰ٵģͷҲЩĿȮҽԺãҽҩѶǹָˣ
Ĳ˼粻ܣʵĻͻѳ㽩ֻԺл˵
˰ɣصһģܲ壡Ĳ˼ѷڲͺȡ˳
ĶҪιһϽ˵ŹϰɣԼԣ
Ĳ˼硰ۡһЦŵϣȻ˵ΪҪι㰡õھ˵ǸƷҲˣǼٵģ治ںǰġרҡͷû뵽ССͣԹŶļ
ֲܶ׺࣬ζȷʵܺãĲ˼ġ͡˵ʵﻹǺõģȻ˵Ψһ̵Ҳܵ㲻˵ͷеģ
Ĳ˼׼ҽԺһʱ䣬ûһֻˣһ绰Ž꣬һ绰ִ˹绰˺δҴҶȥ
ôڡ
Ĳ˼뿪Ƿſ˶Ƥ࣬˺ǲܳԶģֻöӶúܣһ˸⣬ֺһˮֻоůĺò
绤ʿҺ˯һɫѺڣĲ˼ûû˻Ҳû˸ͳԵġ
ϴּϴһоõúܣҲֻܶǰűû취˿ڣԼĸоǾøûʲôˡ
ɴ͵͵ԺȥˣҽԺðؼҲûʲôʹĸоҲûʲô󰭣ڳĲ˼粻ھ͸֮󼪣Ȼ˾߲ˣ
ԭ·ôװ˷ڹһ˳ӿ﷭ԼٶǮ·Ѿƹҧ˼ֱĲ˼˿ʱ˺ˣȾѪû취ٴˣֻӵ
ӵõģ׼ȥʮĲסԺ¥µ˺ܶ࣬в˺ͼͲͺͻģҽͻʿȻŲû˻ǡԺˡ
ҽԺ·ͣųĳ⳵ͽһ˹ֵĵַ˾ҲʣֱӿͭǺԵı־ûĸ˾᲻֪Ҫ֪ľһЩССӡ
˹֣˳ѣ³ֱţ統̣ţʱҲѾصؼˡ
˵ʱŷֵŻǿŵģƹ߽ȥһˣһţ򶫣һȻ̸棡
汾ţ˵ЦģȻʱʱһӴ㻹׷ˣôˣֺýŵģʲôǮҪǮŶûС
˵һѵĺݻţ򶫵ĵɲڼ˵ôδһ֡ơ񣬵ֶţЦŽͣţ֣СֶҲģó鲻ùҪǮһǰ콲ҳߣⲻ϶ǻͶ·׷ҪǮˣ˰ǧܸǮǮǺҪܳԿԼ׬Ǯϰ߲У
ţֲ̯ģˣˣϰ壬ȥҸԸġ
ðϲ漴һǮѡһԪֵֽǰȵǮȥԸͣԺɱҪǮ
ţεĵϰ壬˰ɣҹҪǮģСҼģϰȻô˵Ҫҳ
һ㶣û뵽Ȼţ򹤣Ȼţˣ۹⣬ŷԼô£
ȻҪǮģôҲĵֶڱ»ڷԣǵǲظϾɱһ²ŸϽҡͷˣţּȻСǾ͸뷹԰ɣҪһЩǮưĿҪע㣡
ǰѳ˵ǰͷԺ͵Ǯ·޹ء
ţЦԵģһߵͷһʾߣлţ֣ţʱţֿ³ҾͲˣţֵ³Ӱɣ
һ³ӣʱ鲻ԽﳵԿףЦ񱦣⳵ͦ
ţ򶫺ȥվڲ̨﷢䣬ͷʧӰ٣̸̱νģţ򶫵Ļȴ˵ģ
ǲǶ뿪ţ򶫵ĵ̣
־þҪҲӦ͵͵ߣҪҲõȵţ˵׺ߣùȻҲҪߵùҲѧĲʲ壡


25 
ڵһˣҲûпǽϵӣѾ˵ʮˣʼʰ
һֻʲôԵò㲻Ȼڵ൱ɾ΢ɨһ¾£˵źϴ˸ȻȥɵЪϢ
̸ĳַ䣬Ų붯ҲԺģҲ֪˶ãȻ;ѹ
ԼֺαôԹģ̸ҳ߳׾ѣǲҪԼǿ
һĹˣ
޿ܣһȭͷ͵͵һԽǿѾԽҪ־ԺͷأԭգôܰԼȫϣ
ʹţ򶫣ҲӦô룬ţǷʲôǷ
Ȼ˼ҲǷʲôʲôҪ˼һҪã
˵ţ򶫸̸ʲôҲܲţӦȥܣ
뵽Ȼȫһ⣬ţڴӦڵʱ򣬲Ѿ˵
ʱţ˵Ļ˵ˣ飬⣬ϵ飬ͲҪҲȥ˵ģ
ԭţԤϵպܻᷢ飬ȣֻЩۣЩʧ䣡
ǲҪȥЩ˲ˣˤˤͷŬԼЩԼҳҲäĿΪԼܿ䱦ıˣԺ㲻κˣҲܹʳǰͲĽ֣
ǸֵʱѾȷԼΪŹģŹΪǿԲСʯѺĺɫҺ壬ҺȻֻмΣָһմһˮһ㣬ʱĸо޷ݡ
ʱҲףʹҲȻʲôԭǺɫҺʲôܿͿʼת䡣
תĲҲأԼϵһЩ΢仯
ǰõöˣǰܼӾ۵ôڼܼӻоĲҲöˣȻǿҲһֱӵĽǾǷˣ
ȥ̯һЩ淽֪ʶᣬȻԼҪκθ׼ȷϳƷΪ˱ܾͱҪȫļʶʵҲǲһ¶ЩƷ֪ʶԱ˵ԭʱҲŲ¶ţ
ԭָǶõָʹڣڿţ򶫸ĺȻã;ԼҪ־ܰԼϣڱϣԼʲôǿ
ڰɣ˵ҪţߣֻǮܵȥ
ýԼԺ೤ģΪԼЩ·ΪԼ׬Ǯʹʲôʲôˡ͡ϡĻԼǮǮͲԼôǱˣ
ţǺú˯һúϢã
Ժ˯ˣֱ¡¡ѹһߺůůĹ͸Ѿˣ
һȻֱ˯ˣ
ȻϽ·ֱЬЬȻܶˣ
ղŴ´ЬֻƽʱһĶʱȫû뵽ǲܶģע⵽󲻽
һӲ̧鿴׵ļ֣̌һҲûоȻʹ
ٽ⿪ϸһ£ߵĵϸõú죬ŮӽкţϽţʹţˣ֪棬Ͻţ
Ĳ˼磡
̲סЦһ£Ĳ˼绹׷ˣڵǲֶԼ֡϶ԼҽԺӡ˵ԭ
û˵ϴܹȥţŴ򿪺ŭĲ˼ȻͷˣСҪǲǣټҲððɣϽȥҽԺ
Ĳ˼һ߷գһ־ҪȥﻹֹֻҲûУ㻹ǷѾ
Ĳ٣㲻õģϽζʾ⣬㿴ҵûʲô⣬ǱҧƤˣûд󰭣Ҫֿ϶ˣ˵ˣԼģһ֪Ҫʲô⣬ǸҳԺҲ
Ĳ˼һ㶣ҡ۵ıȻһҲûװ磬ǵҽԺʱ΢һ죬ԼĿõģƹ˺ҧð׹Ƕ¶ˣʧѪô࣬ôһϾͺõû¶һ
ҡоʹЦ˵ҽ⿪ЩץҲץý⿪Ȼȥҩ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˿ڸȾϽãҸ⣬˿ŪˣȾ˾鷳
̧Ĳ˼ȥֶֺ࣬Ĳ˼һȦһȦĽ˳ļɴɴ꣬ڼϵҩƬޣĲ˼סСĵɴ
ɴµҩﶼɺɫˣͷһȦ˿ڸںҩͿסˣҲ֪˿ڳʲôˡ
ҩɴһ⿪ֻоһƬĸо̲סȥץ
Ĳ˼硰žľһưִˣߵץһץͻȾţоƾߵҺûУ
ָָ̨ϱߣĲ˼翴˺üƿСƿľƾǩȡһƿ֧ǩ
Ʒ۵ľƾרľƾҲãͺãĲ˼翴˿ƿǣһƿûùġ
Ѹš˾ƾĲ˼Сĵİǩ쵽ͷȥϴ˿ڴһ˵ŵ㰡ƾմ˿ڻȽۣ
ںĻش𣺡ʲô
ִɣĲ˼һӶһѪ͸Ӳǲ֪ߣס
ˢһ¾ͺˣȷʵǿĲ˼մѪˣСȷʵеѪĲ˼粻ĻãһҶ̣ϹҲס
ʵԼǲѪֻǺ΢أҪǵʱ˱ȽأʧѪֿҲӦˣؼһ𣬽͵¿Ѫεˡ
һĲ˼磬ȴһȣϲûгı飬ﲻЩ֣˳۹ŤͷԼļ
Ĳ˼մ˾ƾǩϴ˿ڣѺҩϴ¶˼⡣
ɫƤϣԭܲҵ˿ڴʱֻʣ¼㵭İ׺ӡĴ˿Ѿ˺ɫ衣
˿ѾϵҪȫָõĳ̶ȣĲ˼βȣ
˿ڶѾˣѹþƾϴʱһ㶼ûлֻ˿ڻڵ£ƾʴϸʱŻʹ˿ھʹƤʱƾҲûʲôˣҲȻʹĸоˡ
ף˺õûǿ찡ѹָոʱһҲûоʹţܾǵʱѪȾ˿ֲһЩʵƺᣬҾ˵㲻ҪӲסԺûʲô£
Ĳ˼Щ˺أʱҲȷʵŵˣζ벻˲أҺõҲʵ̫ˣ


26 Ϸ
Ĳ˼þƾϵĸѪ飬ҩȵϴɾ󣬿Ҳ͸ˣϵ˿ڽһϴ͵ˣǵһļֱǷۺɫһ
ʱȫĲ˼һֵ˵ͷ˵Ҳã˿ȷʵûʲôˣסԺҲУ
˵ʵĲ˼绹ǡ塱͵ǶԼĽ𣬸Ҫ˻ΪøܴΣҲΪҽʦ˵˲ᣬһҪһرעⲻܸȾҪǲСȾˣصĻпܻ֫
Ĳ˼Ϊҽʦģڿ˸޹ؽҪڵҽҲ̫ˣ׬Ǯû˵СС˵ɴ󲡣˵ز
Լû˿ڵҲЩģڲɴҲ׷ˣɴӵͰУ趯ֱЦȻˣǸˣûҲ˾д⣡
Ĳ˼ͷţһ̧ͷ˵Ҽǹˣȫư󣬺˵ҿ϶ǻְģףͿɲҵģûҪʲôģİӣܸṩҪľ˼Ľ벻Ҫ
˰֣ǲҪǮǮ֪ҪãĲ˼ԭ˵ףͲĵطֳֻ˵ɻ²⣬ֻ鷳
ѹ͵Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼;ܰ˵ȥҲֻһ˶ԼģֻҪԼ˵ʹ׷ҲһŪҲû취Ͼһͨ˵˼ղ²ôأ˭뵽ô
Ĳ˼˿ûԥ뵽ԼĵĶҲ֪治롰족ͣ룬һǮҲûֱӾУ˵㲻֪Ҿ͵ҵˣշ˹ʣҽԺǧǮﻹʣǧ飬͵Ҹ˸ӪãԼǮ԰ɣ
ҪĲ˼ԸƢһ»ǽǧǮŮ˰ɣǮͻİãҪǲǮĻδϵ͸ӲܲȲãǻƢҲܵ㡰ĥ
ǧǮĲ˼磬ȥ̨еЩ䵱Ʒк£Ĳ٣ȥ㵹裡
Ĳ˼˰֣ȻЩ̨Ʒ
ȥˮˮǧǮĲ˼ǸǧȴӲҪƶӣǧһµнˮ治֪ʲô˼
Ѳˮ˳Ĳ˼ӹһԵֽоֺ̣˳ְڵ˹̨ǰߵĲ輸ϣ˵ϰ࣬Ϊʲôѧˣ
̯̯֣ЩȻĻش𣺡ܲش𣿡
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵˰ɣҲˣ˸־ţĲ˵Ҿ˵ԹŶⷽʵǿǾЩܴרǣҾ;ѹͲǿǰҲкܶκûһרҵıֱޡҵ˽˹ʣйⷽİӣҾæοõĻһθǧ㿴в
ƫͷĲ˼翴öû˵
Ĳ˼ҧǰɣټһǧǧҵĹʾǧ࣬ܵø֧ɣ
һ°һİӣǸǧԼʣǧѿ飬ǿ֧֡
ۡһЦǧǧɣҴӦܹʣҿǰѳ˵ǰͷȻܵĹʣҵκ㶼͸¶Ҳ֤һܰæֻܴӦΪ
Ĳ˼ʱһؿڵ㲻ҪǮҪǮĻҿˣ
⣺Ĳ٣Ǹǧʲô¶ɾһӹñѰ˺ǧٱΪʲôҪӲ⼸ǧǮĹ£
ٺ٣Ĳ˼Ҳ֪Ǹ˻ǲ˵ЦЦҲ˵ˣи˵뷨ҼǮҾ뿿ԼҲΪԼҲŸе˵ҵ£ǲ׵ģ
Ĳ˼ı飬ȻģĲ˼ĲԶɽڹĽݴлԼֻǲӦԼɣ
Ĳ˼ԭŲüһǮɻԣȻ;ʵܡǮʵҲһͿ֣
Ĳ˼̾˿̧ͷҲ˼ı飬ۡһЦôظʲôԼûϣӣĪͷҲ㶨һף
ʱȻʧЦôܣҸĸȥˣҼûг˵Ĺ¶һףʹףĸԭ޸⵰
Ĳ˼籾Ц˵Ǹ¶˵ʱȻ鵭ȻüįıȴţʱЦûɵһ£
һʱ䣬˶Ĳ˼һգҸıķ棬ֻȻóһ̲סüͷһ壬ͣͣǰ˽Ҳûܿʵطʲô£
ط֣һǵҽԺʱĲ˼ᵽ֣ӦǸǼҺһҹӣӢּвܣ׷Ĳ˼硣
طڵ绰˵ʲôĲ˼ıûʲôı䣬ˣϰ참ءʲôоؾָҲȥطرҪİɣǮˣرǮµˣ
һʲôˣǸط϶Ǯо֣ȻоְžԱȥطʲôġȻرָҪĲ˼μӡ
ҪĲ˼ǰڸʲôųҲҪɣĲ˼ҵ˵ų˵ϣ϶Ҫ¶һġŸ
Ĳ˼ŮӣǮų϶ջ󲻵ΨСŸпܻŮӢۡبŲĵ
Ĳ˼С׺ϡĲ˼ط˼Ĳ˼ƺϲطֶ֡Ρ
һ뵽Ĳ˼ʹ
ҲĿ̹ǵģҲͬҲпʹģ˵ͷλһ㣬ϲȴϲ˵ģ֮ΣΪʵֲˣ
ο˵ǡֻ˵ǡ
Ĳ˼ߺ߼žֻĲһ̧ͷ
鲻ƣҲ˵ʡǵŮħͷŭ˸Լ鷳
Ĳ˼ȻŹ˵ȥһˣˡϷɣ
вУȥˣҲʲôԭϾ˫ҡξܾҪ꣬кܶҪֲǰοֲԱϷҸұ˰ɣ


27 ͱ
Ĳ˼üͷһ壬Ҫ
һǲǻ˵ֵֶĻһɣҪȻͳȥִ򲻹ֶӣ
ֵǣĲ˼顰һº󣬾Ȼ˵ţ٣һҸ꣬ٿһ죬ô
ûشĲ˼˵طͭǵ鱦̣̣ԼһЩŶһϿͱ㲻ⷽר˵ڻм©׬һʣֳ׬һ͸вƱһץסһҲһӾ͹ˣ
һĲ˼Ȼջ⻰Ҳ޵ԼܿĻᣬȱ˵Ļ
оŻɸΪ֮ܿû챦ǸҲ֮أǸͨҲûʲô˵ǿлᣬĲ˼˵ͱĻ
ãҸȥͷȻֲһ䣺ٿһıˣ
Ĳ˼¶ЦĻ㶮£úܣҪǮĻҲûˣ
סЦôƯһǧԸȴƫƫһӲƢֳˣ治֪ôģǲǮ˼ҵŮϲû
ǸϽߣӦˣĲ˼Դһ㣬ֱԡ
һ£ҽȥ·
ղϴ˿ڵʱŪ·תȥٲôһ·ǲС
Ĳ˼Цȥ̨ƷЦȻòĸ˲ϲ˭֪ȴһ̵õ壡
һͳˣĲ˼ûлʲô·ϵȻһϴ÷׵ľ£
߰ɣĲ˼粻ǺڵĴ쿴ĺ˽⵽ȷʵһڡƶصСӣЩϧֻ벻ͨǣԹŶ֪ʶƺרҶ˿ȻôǿΪʲôô
Ҳ̫С֪ʶУûгȥɽǮƸ
Ĳ˼翪ĳӻĿ棬Ծڸϣһϳϵ˰ȫйĲ˼糵ӵľ˾ͲٳͬĿ
Ҳ֪Ĳ˼ô£ûôƢҲᡱˣڳ·ֻʮٶȿһҲûо
еĲ˼ƺرϵǸͱֳӿò죬Ǹطֻ˶ʮӡ
Ĳ˼ѳõĵͣУȻϵطͭҵ㳡͹㳡ⶰһ߲㣬ӵһ㵽¥ϵ߲㣬˲ọ̈̄Ҳֵͭĸߵҵġ
¸һ͵һǹﳬУ¥¥Ƿװ¥ǵ¥鱦¥ǻģ¥ǲ
ӵͣ˵¥Ĳ˼簴ˡ6Fİ⣬ͣ¥ˡ
ƺһģ˶ǵͣ¥ģֻһģһһ֣ݵһֵͦһƣɫİᣬʴԴϴһīϵһָͷһֵĽӣ
ӺӺһ֡ߡᡱӣݺ۹ͶĲ˼ƯҲ͵Ĳ˼磬ֻԶûô޼ɵ
иˡĲ˼磬һƵһȥȻԼվǰĲ˼ϡ
ݵʮˣʱֻ߸ˣ㹻ɵĿռ䣬ȴĲ˼Ͽ˵۹⡣
ҪǻǱŮпܻӲͷƤ棬ڵͬĲ˼磬ұ˵鷳ͺãôݵñȥġ鷳
Ϣ˵ߣڱϿϷͺãӿ֣һڵӣĲ˼磬עûùӳԡ
Ը⿴Ĳ˼ӣ
Ĳ˼ݺݵĶһۣв֪뿴ܵ˼
ӴмһᣬĲ˼ı󣬸žĲ˼ȥ
Ͻס΢΢¶Цݣ뿴Ĳ˼ʲôӦ
Ĳ˼۽ϷĽ䴦Ǹ̽ͷöλãüͷһ壬ҪСӦ¼϶ǻµģⲻһ鷳ҪûڵеǺˣӴŹ֣
һֻĲ˼һƯŮӵϸ֫´һ£˭뵽ָûŮ֫һסһͷ˿
ƯŮ·е㡰͹ӸоԣΪǸ͹㡱ЩоṴ½һ飬ƯŮȻһǹףǹǹ
ϵʽǹǾǹʣƯŮǸ죡
ϵЦݶʱסˣһεЦЦֻٺ١ľˡ
Ǹʱ棺㣬ˡ
ӿһڨЦı˹硭
һɣȵ£ص㣬λģʿҪʿӣ
ۼϷȻֹЩʧּӻӵ˵ǡʿﲻЦҲǸǿĻ쵰ѡ
ֻĲ˼簴˸¥ļ˾Ȼûһļݺܿ쵽¥һ죬ſĲ˼ЦŰ߳ȥ
Ӻ漷Ĳ˼ȥȴûϸųվڵжĲ˼ıӰЩ㶣⼸Ӵߴ߳ݡ
Ĳ˼бſ첽һ˵ûϷǲǺʧ
ٺһЦҲûش
ڴƷıľ죬һĲ˼磬Цӭ˹˵
֣Ľ׳⣬һ֪ǡܴ򡱵ģһڼ˵뺯
뺯ǾȻǸоƬһĶ뺯Ѫͱȷ򵥣
ﲢûĲ˼˵һҹ˼Ͼ˶ǷǸÿһƷ¶ҪǧǮǮȥϷ
֣ʶͺã
Ĳ˼˵˼仰ָ˵ݣģ
ıȻЦĲ˼
Ϊ֮ǰĲ˼ڵ绰ᵽǡſ϶ޱֵĳֻɽ˺䤱ĳ档
˴ʱŷ֣ȷʵ¥Ŀռ䣬ǧƽҲ٣Լİңɽ˺ȫͬˣյϯϯŮŮø̬ʱУ˹˹ģһоȻûһĻҡ
ǿЩŮжƯðšλãطȻвٵĺö


28 ʯͷҲ
뿴ľǡǸָոɫı౻ڷеСðŸɫıʮ֮࣡
ֵǣܣר˶صķչ⣬мһεĴʯ̨ϣһİڷʮ顰ʯͷ
ЩʯͷдСٽϣСıСоǰٽҵġ
ʯͷЩɫ㣬еĶ࣬е٣Щ֣Щʯͷʲô
ƺЩףЩʯͷУҲС֣ɫıǿСԼֻжʮСʯͷŨһһٽҵʯͷðɫȽϵ
ʮʯͷһ˿ϢûУʯͷðʯͷ϶ǱЩ֣ԭʯ˵ʯϼԴ顣
ֵǣðʯͷɫ٣ɫ¶ٵʯͷЩûбʯͷɫЩʯͷɫŨɫֱ͸Щɫõò˵һƫƫûһ˿ǵı¶
Կ϶Щʯͷû䣬뵽Щʯͷ͸ǮһпܳӮĽȴƫƫͲǣûĶȴƫƫֿܻӮ
һûעĲ˼磬ʱŤͷȥ˿Ĳ˼ʮһչ̨иʮ߰ҵ˵
ǸӿɷĸоǡӢţ˻᲻ط
ܣʱ䵽ˣԿʼˣһϰƷȹŮͲ߹ȥ˵
˹Ȼط
ط˵ͷֶĲ˼˵˾仰Ų̊λ߹ȥ
طߵ̨ϣͲյߡιһ£Ȼ΢ЦλαλλŮʿҺá
ǺǣǸӵ֣Ȼ˵ûҾͽһ£ȻҶʶģҲҽһ£أǷԲزܾѸҪǷԲز鱦ҵǷԲزͭǵĹʴĿΪԲزͭǵ׸鱦콢꼴ţλμҪԤһ£Ҳ˹Ӱ鱦Եȵĳ鱦չһʮϿԭʯǵкܶ˶˵ʯĹ£ǺǣֺϷĶĲʺЩϲ̼пܻһҹһ棡
Ȼط˵ó֣ÿڲţȴڲ൱ãû仰ͰջԾԾԣġӪ
˺طĿ
ط˵ֶԵǸŮ˵ܾаչ򿪣øλαȲιۼ綥鱦ʦǵĽ
ŮӵͷŤ̨֫öԽ֪ͨչ
չӸڵ綯»򿪣鱦ֻȻȻڲ̨У̨ͷϵǿμΪչǰ
ÿչǰһר䱸ŮԱרҵϸĶԹ͵ıͽ⣬ŽܵĲ඼һĻаƴʦʦҲͬ鱦Ʒơ
Ȼ鱦Ʒļ۸ͬƣͼ۵Ҳʮϣ߼λľȻߴǧ
û˼ȥܺ͹鱦˼ȻЩʯͷϣ
鱦Ȼб¶ʯ߽¶ģȥעΪЩʵۣûͷһף˵Ҳ𣬲ʹǮҲȥ
ЩԭʯͲͬˣʮʯͷҲбۣһͷĴɫģʯͷϵϱǡʮ򡱣˵ֻǧٱ֮࣡
ԽǱ˵ĶԽ׬ͷǿ˵ʯͷҲΪǿʯͷҪǧ飬һٶ飡
طҲѾʽʼеŮʿ鱦ǵȥϲΡ
˶ǷǸĹ̼ЩںӣǮֳ£ֻҪŮϲϵĶЩ˺ĶǴǮһӣŮ˻ģһã
طʾӪĸ֣ץס˺Ů˵˼ѵ׬Ǯ
Щ鱦һӼ۾طһЦŮЦʾһ£ȻŽ䴦עûĲ˼߹ȥʱֵϲŮ˳ֵʱˣ
µŮǣֻаٷ֮ʮŶϲ鱦ΣϲΪһǧطַĲ˼Ļġ
˼磬Щ϶鱦ƴʦƷһã
طǺĲ˼Ů˾һǮ鱦˵ûʲô̽һ£û˵Ĳ˼˵ļÿͻԥ͸Ͷã
Ĳ˼붼ûҡͷش𣺡ʲôòõģҾûһÿЩͨʯͷӲЩʯͷѣҪÿˣЩǧʯ鱦һһǮĿ
طʱĲ˼ĻúòܣҪ˵ĻһȻҲ˵ˣ
ڲٺãĲ˼ŮǰĿڲҲûôˣԴҲûƽʱôˣ
ʵмȫؿһǴ¥µĵݿڣڶǻ¥ſڵİ;죬ǴľԱͱ°Աÿطмһ쳣Ҳϻᱻ֡
Ĳ˼統ȻǿóģҲǺܽţط̫У쵼ѹֶξ൱ˣԲô鲻ġǺ
أ
飬Ĳ˼ûһֹһεѰ
ӲġơӦһطѡ
ʵط˴ӸȷǺļˣͭϲȦУطͭĽĶ󣬲طȴǡǡֻĲ˼жӣΪˣĲ˼Ĳ˼ŻᾭȰ˵ѡطǼǸǼҿ㣬Ҳû
Ĳ˼Ǻܲϲүү֡ĸ֮İⶼʲôˣ
Ĳ˼Ȼ͸ϲָͷˣǼǸжô㣬ҲǷеģ
Ĳ˼۹Ѱһ飬һʯͷĶţ̲סֹ߹ȥ
طĲ˼粢ûС⡱ȥķ򿴹ȥǱ׼ġʯΪԶʯԭʯȽ˽˲ֻ࣬кٵ߰˸ڡ
طһ£ȻĲ˼߹ȥ
Ĳ˼米Ӱô˳ڣ˵ʵŮмٸƵϡƯҲܸܶ࣬Ĳ˼վһƯĸƯվһ֣ŮǶǺԼƯŮվһģ
Ĳ˼ߵߣȻĿתĶһʯͷۡһЦǸɵӣôʯͷʲôÿ


29 ӵļֵ
Ĳ˼ط˵ͲΪĲ˼ǡͱˣ
ط׷Ĳ˼ʮʮ꣬СѧʱϲƯŮĸĸҲһԽͯŮ˵ļͥҲŴңŵԵġ
طȴûõĲ˼Ƚߡ⡱ıԣҲûֻĲ˼ġ߰ҲϲĲ˼֡߰ҪĲ˼Ǹ׾׷ϵŮӣҲͲôϲˣ
ڣطȴĲ˼ЦŸˡȤ̵סŭ͸ν׵ζһ㣬ʲôζУ
Ĳ˼εı߰ط̣Ψ̵ľԱˡá
ѹûǹŭҲûںĲ˼ĻȻĶǿʯͷ
⼸ʯͷĶʮҵеģǵɫ͹۲ľٶЩ¶Ǽʯġ֡ԡӡǵǣЩȻиĹʯʯķɣǶǼƤɫ̵ʯͷЩʯͷûб¶ʯͷЩʯͷǲֵǮġ
ʮʯͷУֻðģĲ²⣬ֻʯͷмֵǡǡǡðʯͷƤƤ٣Щ֡ע
ֻлʯͷֵĻ룬ǱŨǿʯͷ
ʯͷʯͷ٣˹עĥĻᣬΪû˹עҲлᣬĲûգΪаյʱȴû뵽ûаյʱʮľ䣬ǡסĸ˵аٷְٵİգ
Ȼ˵аգҲǡסˣ
Ĳ˼߹طһƬţޱ飬ȴͷ
ҪߡĲ˼ˣҲÿطʲôɫͭǣûʲô˻ᵱ˵ͭǵȷҲм˲õˣ˳Ϊͭ١طеĵڶ
ҪĲ˼⣬طȻȻɲṫĿŵǵƦСŸɵֶΣԵı֣طʲôˣ
ѶŪŪк󣬶֪˭ŪģطҪֻôֱӣúֶܶȥöƲǷծֱͶ·ȥɱΥͣյĿģͷСõǹȥŪˣɾϵµľˣ
ֻطЩԻΪӴü䡰ӡҲˣؼϵã
ͭУϲȦмûϵõˣ˲ϲȦеˣֻ߲ͭȦеˣ᲻ϵã
ȻĲ˼ϵòһô족ֻҲǲһģҲпʡĸҹӺ͸߹ӵܣЩ˻ֹ񱣬ϲúܡء˵òûͷ
ҲΪˣطðȻжļƣҲҲǰһֵŻж
ԷﲻˣҲȥ֣
Ĳ˼ȻǿʯͷҲסǰ˿һԲεʯͷһСʯͷ󲿷ݳʻҰɫطпͷôļɫ˼̶
ôʯͷʲôÿģֲǹŶ
Ťͷ˿Ĳ˼磬˵⵱ȻǹŶҾǾúŶ࿴˼ۣ
Ĳ˼ƲƲ죬˵Ū飬㲻רȥǱ߿ֵǮĶ˵׬һʣȢϱˣ
ҿûôһʵʵǧ鹤ʾˣ
УķǵģĲ˼ȻĻһкǿļղŶģͱ˵ЩˣͨССϺҲʮң֡֡׬Ǯ£һǧǮĻ
ȷʵҲſڶ˵˭ͦվ
طۣӸĲ˼ƺǹϵرӣĪĲ˼Ӻ˵ӣӸĲ˼ʲôϵҪ˺úõһ
Ĳ˼˵ǸרҡطȻҵ˻⣬ЦеߵĲ˼ǰһĵ˵˼磬λѣᰡ˵רңķרҰ
Ĳ˼濴𣬾󲿷ҲֻɺġʵϣĲ˼粢෴ԵϽкҺءѡ
ȻֵĲ˼統ѵ˲࣬϶һطôһʣĲ˼絹ǺĻشˣֽǹ鱦ηרңܣ㲻˵鱦ҵ𣬰ȥϯʦɣ㲻ϱ˵ĵ
ȻطչŮĹϵĲ˼绹ΪطǸܳɹҲҵ˲ţö죬ܸطҲԷҲ᲻ż
ðطƺҲ붼ûľһڴӦļˣĲ˼˵ĻԥȴӦȻĥǣֱȻֵŮ˵ϲ
طֿ˿һֻЦЦ˵طԲزܾ߾ͣܵĻԸҵĹ˾ְҲ½鱦ҵ¹˾ȱ˲ţֻҪԸ⣬нһк˵
ط֣طĻ˵ƺֿܳˣģǲ׬Ǯطв׽һŵġơˣٴ򽻵
ллˣҿɳƲʲôר˲ţǸڵ䵱̴СڷԵСɫҪ汾µ˲ţҿɲҪ˲ţʹȥˣҲƭǮƭнˮģǺǣΪ˲ܳǱһһͲȥĳĺã
طһû뵽Ȼԥľ;ܾġ롱֮ǰûΣطġ롱͸ʱʵ۵࣬мܹܾ
طȻ˵ġ䵱СɫҲΪܾȻ䡰ӡ
ŶǺǣ˼˵ǸרңǲƷƷֳЩƵĶ鱦ΣǵļֵΣ
ʵطǹˣΪһ鱦εն۲Ǽ򵥵鱦ļֵ㣬鱦γƷмأһԭϳƷƳɱͶ˵ۼ㡣
鱦ϵĳɱͨǸաһԭϳƷһǮĻճƷۼпܾ͸ߴˣͨ˸޷
ڸûʵĴУߵУЩۼۼʮ򣬼ǧƷΣͨ˸Ƕͣһ£࿴һ۶þִ١
Ǯֻѡ񡰹󡱣ѡֵֵΪ˵󡱾ӣ
˵طҪƷ鱦εļ룬ǱͲһб׼ȷĶ


30 ʯ
Ҫ˵ǿ϶ǲطĵĻļʶǱطͲԶˣ
ѹͲȥЩżʮټǧ򳬸߼鱦Σ˵Ƶжôкر𣬶û壬һͣģЩʯͷ
˿طǱþԡϰҲ
ܣЩ鱦ѾҲ֣ҲȥѰ˼ĥط۾һһʯͷ˵ҵʯͷ֣
ط̲סЦˣ
Сǣ
ӼĲ˼˲ͬʱطѾҪŪȰʯ뷨ֻһ·Ҫջ󷽰û뵽ǣȻҪʯͷˣ
Ȼ֪᲻ʯѾ¶ԶʯߵġȤطϲˣһ˵ϲĲˣôԿǾ͸ʳƷһԿٺãֻҪжǰһеԿض߽⣡
ֻҪϲĲʹûʯطҲаˮҵ
طǸˣԡġҲоȻԶ㲻ø֣һ׵ģǾжߵļɣֻҪ㻹ڶģǾͲӮңΪڶĳûյӮңҪӮ䣬ֻ֣ġ
һ΢ЦһֹϲʯǺǡǻȿɣ˵ɣ
ͷðȿȿ
Ȼ̲˵ţﻹЩţŨǿʯͷߣΪֻǧЩǧǮļֻȥһͱ˷ѣڻǸ⣡
ʹôˣҲȻòһǮ
طʯͷЦкһǼоɫŨʯͷˣ֣֣ܣܣôûУ
ڿʯͷУһֵҲЦŴкܣϴڳһһû뵽Ȼԭʯ˻ͭˣҲð֣ͭǳҲҿʮԭʯһжͷ
طЦ֣㵹˵ҵ˼ˣֵµ꿪ҵУұѰ̼˵ʵʲô淨ȶʯ̼ˣ
Ǹִ֡Ĵָϵһָܴ䣬һߵͷش𣺡⵹ʵȻһڣʮľ䣬Ҳ֪ҼʱһأʱһϲĻ᣿ҵȻСβȴʵƽúܣûһ
ͲҪڻˣ˲֪ѵһ֪طƤЦⲻЦ˵ʮһһʯϣת̣þգ߰ʮ֣¼˵ͭǰǰ޹ˣͭȦУ˭֪β۽𾦵Ĵ
βЦеֳ︡ǡҲ֪ΪʲôԴܿ;Ĺ۲ǰǿˣǰӲעСϸڣȻȻľͻע⵽ڶôӺӵĻУһ©İΧÿˣΧÿһ㳡ȫ
ڣֻ˼ۣǰЩÿ˵ı鶯
βЦеİڰ˵ϵܣЩ㵱һ˵˵˵ͺã㿴֣ϻǶڳ˵ǲڿңڳҰ
˺ߣβķǣϺãȴƫƫϣ˵Щȴװ׵֪Ǻܡܡܡҫ
طЦЦбһۣȴԺβ˵֣пûУ
βÿɷ񣬵ϵܣҵܣϺǲòĿڲźǱŵĻŻŵļֻҪǼɱҵĺɰɲ㣬һ
طһЦ֣ͳβ֣㿪ڣҶֽ֧תˣº˵вУ
βطôչˡǺã°͵˰ɣҺβҲ˴Ƿˣ컹ǵøˣٶ˰ɣ
֣˵ģطЦİֲ֣ͷѵðŵĲ˼˵˼磬ֶʯǺϷŶȻǾ죬Ҳץİ
βҲЦݣĶĲ˼˵ĲС㣬ѵÿ㲻ʱ򣬻ýĲûҪȻǿɾûлˣ
Ĳ˼̯̯֣Ŭ¶˵Цݳǻش˺β
Ȼ֪β˵ġĲܡĲ۾βȷʵҲ˵ϹҪͲƴֵ磬ԽĶԽϲᡱ
β⼸ˣҲеĶָߺʯ˵ܣϱʮû˾ۣҾҪ˰ɣ
β˵û棬Ϊ˼ΧʯϱߣʯСЩıƤ״ɫӨӨһرӴġϡ
ʮʯɫǵһʯϣʯɫƬ㣬һʴƬ״еȴʯϵ̸
ϣһʯΪ̫Ӵһͷˮţش֣ɫŨֶ࣬ˣ֪Ӵʯжһ䣬ԱҲߵģߴǧ򡱣
ȻҲΪ̫ߣдѵʱûпڣϾ̫ˣ
βҲͼŵڶʯҲٶѡŵֻʮʯϣʯϵɫ״ɫԼ۱õһʯϣ
ֻβ뷨˲ıϣһڣҲΧ˹һˣ
ʮ򣡡
ҳʮ򣡡
ʮ򣡡
βüͷһ壬⼸˸ȷʵҲ֮Уɵ˵⼸һĺܰСͷɽͭǹȦһϽɫ
ɽ汦͵ǿҹڣеĶ͸һҧš
ɽһţ򣬵ȴСúܣԱнˮ˼õĿ֧Ҫ֧ĵطһһҪ㵽̱úܣԼҲһƣʹúöһļֻô·һϸϣûһ˻õͷͭŽǰ򸻺
βµľɽǰ漸۵ģЩ۱ȲǱļƣǶĶֻ֣ɽͷֺݣǮֶ࣬һڣǱʾҲʯͷ˼Լֻ¾͵òʯˣ
ãǰͷӼ۵˳ۺɽȻûпڣβһҪټӼʱ˭֪ɽľȻ˿ڣʮһǧ
βͷһǸͱһôܣ
ɽκһ˼ӵļ۶Ҫ٣ǰӼһһӼ򣬵ǮյɽӵļǮȴֻСһǧ顱
ֻǾһǧļӼúβܵýΪʾʯҲ˼ˣ


31 β
ɽĳִ˺βļƻЩѻ
Աһֱûطȴ΢΢ЦȻˣЩ˾ԽԽˣΪܵõͻԽߣʮʯϵԭ۵һ룬Ҳ˵ʯϵԭһֻǳ۵ĻǮҲԣǡʯ
ڶʯϷУֻҪ˿еʯϣյĳɽ뼸ҪԭۺüЩǼʮٱǣһжֻΪ
һУط̣յĵߣõģһ棬Ҳܡķ̲סջľǽǮķ
ĸ˲뷢ƣǷƣ
βԭڶ½м۾һʣϻ֣Ǽ˵Ը˽⣬һĲǻİѼҲȥ˼ӵļӵ̫ͣʮһһ򣬻߸ߣǾԥˣΪһӼôߵļǻʹ
һǲټӼ۵ԭ¶ӼۣҪڸ߼ټһʱ򣬶ֺȻӼˣǾ;óԴˣҧѶ߼ˣ
ֲֻԶϻ֣ЧɽЧˣǺβɽġս̼ЩͷˣҲûƽʱ⣬һҧټ˼ۣһ򣡡
ϻ֣˹Ȼ˴βһµļӼסˣһԥҪҪټӼأ
βסϻƼˣ˵㣬ĵԱǸϡ̲ס
ϻ֣˲֨ˣɽݣޱ飬ںβĵ̵ֿˣһһǧ
βʱͲû³Ѫ
ʯͷҪаѼǮӸһòãǮᵽһˣȴǲ಻ٵļһǧ飬ⴿڶ
βǺܼɵɽģȴɽĵļӼͿˣͷϵʱǲκκġ
һʮ򣡡βȲӴֵĽһ֡͡ļ˼Ǯ
ϻ֣Բⳡսˣǿʯͷ޼λҲһڣͲֵˣβҧгݵĶģһǸɽ뿴ʵֳ棬ΪҶֻǼǮ󼸺ɱһǧ˰ٵĽ֣ʯĶңӮֻСׯҡ
ֻҪûսԹ۵ĻԽԽÿ׻˵ĲУӵĲע󣬷Ӯ޹أǾǿ֣
βȫǱѪͷԣʮļۻƵĵɽ
ɽ°͵ɽ룬ȻǲŲæ˵һһʮһǧ
βۣҺβ͸ˣ򣡡
ɽüͷ̯̯֣ƺܡΡ˵Ҫɣҿǿסˣˣҳۣ
βһŤͷ˿ططЦһ֣֣ʯϹˣ
β˴ɫʱѿͷǰɽڰ˴ʺ˸飡
ϹǵİɣһʼҪѪƴ׵ļƣüǮǵߵȴֺȻˣʮĵ׼ǵ򣬼ǷǰӲˣ
ʮļۣβʱѹû룬һʱˣֻɽ𶷸һģ˭ϵȴμۺˣ
ȦУβǺģǶʯǾղƷԳУ˼ӮǾͱ븶ǮҪҪ뷴ڲҪˣԺֻ¾޷һˣ
ĿβǸҲʧ𣬵ʯΪǡġȻǶģôܱ֤ԻᡰӮ
ȵӮʵطβطʱһЦݣô᲻ˣ
طЦָʯͷǰļ̨е˵֣εĻҿȫ˹ģڳʯϻʱڳнʯʦµʯҪҪֳˣ
β˼ڴطط治ҰȻҲˣ͵ʱѵɣɽɱϻ쵰
û취β֧Ʊͱʳ鲻ԸдĿ֧ƱݸطſЦܣаɣȻˣĸ뿴
ط΢ЦŵͷȻƣ˾˹
ǴڳʦĶطˡ
һֵǾöȤеǺպġ廢Ͻ廢֮һҲϲ֮һһơ
ǰԶԶͬģʮ꣬һͭɫԵþþ˪ʮӣЩݣһ˫Եر𳤣ָؽں֦ܳһ
طܺ󣬽ϰһĹ˹֣λϰã
ط˰ַԸʦ㿴ϰҪô
˵ͷطʮʯͷ翴ˣҲٿֻǶԺβ˵ϰ壬ǿʯһ˵ֹģһʯԼֻǰߣʯʦ鼼е·֪ϰҪôУ
βһ²Żش𣺡Ǿʦаɣ
Կʯϵļɣβ⻹Щ˵ʯһֹ϶ǲмʮ깦ʦ
ãͷȻ˵ϰ壬ǵĹǣʯ϶ǶĵʯклʯʦʧȻҲҵ֤У
βͷ˵ףʦϰɣ
ʯҵУʯϵʦҲΪصģ󷲿ƷԽнҲԽߣʯʦʯϾССĵģҪǰһϵȵлˣҲ͵ֹһҵĹΪлʯȥʯ
һ㣬βǺ˵ĻȻطнڳģҪûһطҲ룡
໰Զӻ˻֣ʯ˹λ
׼˹ߣðԶС泵ʯ͵ʯĸּϣȻָһһİ÷λӡ
һõʯʦҲкིܶģȷ˵ʯҪĸУһҪжٺȣЩǼ鼼ɵģҪһСİʯлˣǾǻһ
Ȼ˼ʮʯëϣҲףʯëǧгҲֻаٷ֮㼸ĻᣬҪгƷʺܸߵϵǸһ
һлҪԭʯëϿӵϣҪȻŪЩʯͷǿһҲһ
ʮ굱ѧͽʼֽʮ꣬ʮʯϣҲǿһ鼫ƷϿӲ䣬ǿ侭̴ʦһϣǧ߰˹⣬Ѷ
ٴһȼ䣬ǿ٣ƷҲߴΣֻǽԽԽټԽԽѿˣ伸ǲıʯʯһҪǧ˶γɣھһһֱԴݽߡ
ΪʯҲͭǺĵڸֻöЭһ£ĲٵԽУ


32 һǧ
ʯϱĹ״ɫţһžµλãôԱʻһ·Ȼְߵλٹ̶ʯͷ
ʯͷԲεƬոµģڵƹ²ʱһĨҫ۵Ĺߡ
Ƭ׼ǵߵλãȻŰиϵĵԴءһ
ֺȽиƿһֺƶûУ׼ȷʯͷȥƬнʯͷʱ͸̶ˣ
ʯмҳ˵Χ۽ȽʯԼһӺʯһᣬͣиתֱ
ûһ˳Ա߸ϽһʪˮëȥӹȥʯϵпĨ˼ѣʯм۳Ĩ˸ɾ
Ŷסͺһ
еʯмɢ˶иϵʯϣֻʯͷ¶Ȱ滹һĨɫǸɫͷ·մƵðǸпһƬûͲ˵һ㣬͵
ˡˡҶˣ
˵ķУβȻǷĽЦţ
Χ۵ļУɽϻ֣ʶģβʯԭɫԣطˡʮ򡱵ļҲߣڳı𲻹ʮʮ򣬱ʮļС桱ĳɷݣҲΪͭǣԶڳʯëϵļɢأϡΪԶˣ̳Ǯ
ʯոβ񡱼ӵѾԶ˵λʹǶģҲûԸǮҲСѰһ¶ֽ
򣬾βԼΪˣﻹɽϲĸԣȴûϵһȥȻгô۵ɫ
ɽҲһƬȻǽһºβľ֣Ըһֵʱ򣬺βͲҸƴӲƴˣڳУҲֻкβʵѻȰѺβȥ
˭õȷʵѺβ׵ˣȻøϵڱҵͷˣ
Ȼạ̇̄۴ԣɫ̺ʹĶϲ֪ʯв˶һ
ʹɽ;úβ۷һ
ôһƬ̣ÿɫβסһȥţһ˵ͷкôһ񣡡
ȻȾͼˣ˵ʵϻ֣ɽطΧŵ˭û۵ı飿
ԱߵԴأβиĵԴһгôõɫвеڶǾ͵ÿβԼ˼ˣ̰øߵĻرǾͻµҪþյĻϾͲµˣֻ˳߼ת֣֮ķվתϡ
ɽǸпţβû˿ټµ˼СΣϣתֲ
βٺЦɽӣǵÿû˳λҪǼλٺ٣ҲԼмŪߵļǮ
ɽββ̧ĻŵСΣҶˣЩƨͲö˵ҲӰ죬ɣҸ㿪ۣİһתһаɣ
ߣ
βǴӱһˣһԼмɣ
˼ȻǲɽĳۣɽһڣβҲ̫̰ˣİļԲˣҪղŵʱǴգʵ˵ëϵļλᳬһ
˼һˣģɽ㲻ʹ죬ȴҲúβκΣ
Щ˵УֻһֱſֵĲ˼о֣
Ĳ˼ǲԱ߼żʮ򣬼Ľм򣬶ֲʲô챦Ǽ黨̵ʯͷѣ
Ŷһͷôһʯͷֱɽˡİ򡱵ۣⶼôˣǮ÷ˣ
뷨ȻĲ˼粻ֺͬͲ⣬֮ǰЩʯͷʱ򣬺βʯͷһıûУĹƣʯͷ϶Ƿʯûмֵ
˭뵽һп󣬾ȻôõɫѵˣֻֻܿŶ֮䱦ʯͷǹŶ
ãһƬԭüСաʱ־ûˣҪŪ׵ĵط̫̫࣬ôأ
β˵Ҫмȥȴûнټֻڵ˳ߵļۣҪʵû˳ߵļλˣǻתָɽһת־׬Ļɲ࣬ĺп壬ܲʧʹ
ɽǸͶͣûǰʯϵļֵǹƵģҪǿ̣Ǽֵ
ʯϰڵƣа˳ɰջĺְгɫƣҲСϵȴεǧ˰Ͳڻˣ
Ҫ˵ʯϳļ޼λãɳƷĻ׬˰һǧ֮䣬ûгʵĿҲҿ϶ɶټһжڲ²֮䡣
ԣβ̧ۣɽҲ֪ڳǰԼ׵ǿڶһٵͷ˵СΣⳡϣ̸̸ֶֻΣҲˣɣ˵ĵʵۣתֵĻ͸ңﲻļλټɣ
ҵ죡
Ĳ˼̲סզࣺǿʯͷֲǽģֵˣһӵĿ๤¾Ҳɣ
Ĳ˼Ȼ֮ңļͥԼ˵ȴûмô飬һʯͷһʱо͸̧Ĳ˼ļǮ
ЩȻǷˣ
ƺβҲɽȷҪʯϣļ۾ԴﵽλˣֻҲǸ̡եһ;ͲʣֵҪӼ۵ĻпܻɽҪһҧٶҪˣԼǾͿˣ
ϻ֣ȼ˿϶ûǸģⲻ˵ˡ
βž뿪ڴӦˡ
ҳһǧ򣡡
ʱһֱĬŵطȻͿ˿ڡ
˶طȻĿסˣ
Ĳ˼磬̲ס˵һطˣ
طЦЦû裬ҾʯֵһǧϺΣԸԸתָң
ԸԸ⣬ҵȻԸ⣡β붼룬һĵͷشǮ˵طˣޡɽҲһڴӦˣ㿪һǧҲҪϺöĳ򹤷ôʲôѣֱһǧĺã
Ȼ벻طλʵֻΪĲ˼һˣ
Ĳ˼ﲻȱǮطҲ֪ǮǴ򶯲ģΨһķĲ˼ΪġʡĶβʯɫãҪǿ͹ϵŪŪǧǲģ˵ǲʲô
ɽѾļۣطҪٳߵļۣܾһǧǸܺõġ֡
սгۺĽȻҲطԤϣĲ˼ܡ𾪡ˡҪŮĶѧҲѧĸ


33 Ƥ
طĲ˼ǰ֡һ£һǧΪգ
ɽôҲûϵطȻ֣仯ϣطֵУϼҲóĺ󱲣Ҳ˼ǿ˵طʢɲһᱻѹȣ˵ƴһģͷӮˣҲԪ
ɽطһۣ۾ȴĲǸƯѾͷˣס΢΢ҡͷ
βԼҲڴӦҪططҲ־ڱصãɽٿطѾĵ̫࣬Ҳȥôˣɵȥ˵ⶫҲһͰٷְ׬ˣ
ʯͷûȫýʲô
طһһЦĶĲ˼˵˼磬һֱһرֲ̫Ķȥ쵹ûˣʯϿɫܴܿһϵȵ䣬͸Σ
Ĳ˼һ漴ҡͷһھܾãҳ׷׷ģǴôεˣһСľʹˣǧĶҿⲻ𣬴˿˯ˣҲҪ
طɫһĲ˼˿ûиӵĹȻܾЩ²̨Ĳ˼˵滰ȫ˭ţĲҴСᵣġˤεĻ
ΪĲ˼һǧ򣬾Ȼ˼
ˣȿ˵
طҲܸĲ˼綯ŭֲǰӣϽ˵עʦٿ
Ȼûаһǧ֧βطʲôˣβȻҲỳط߸Ǯһԡ
ϣӦţһֵʯϵķλʯϼȻѾôõˣµҪ൱ˣһ˵µͲӳ̵һУûķ¿
ҪԭУҲиµʯˣ̺ͲµֻýϸɰСĵĥ
ûϸɰĥΪ̫Ǻʱϸֳǡ족ûмԸȣ˭Ͽ
µλǿһ棬һ濪¶ԽԽ˷ܣԼһʯʦ˵ʱֿ̾˺ʱ
ط˵ĿעȻּеϣټʯʯͷѾֵ˲˼һǧ߼ۣ֪ٿ̶ֳֻȣ
ʦſһĹƿڶ֮ǰһΧŵһȺ˶ýģĶװһˮˮ滹һëҪ֮ǰΧ۵ȺףڴҶ֪ˮëǳϴʯпġ
Դи𣬸ǰһһһ˵˼һˣҶиʯϣ»ҳҲû˿ˣֻž֡
ͣʪëݸϸĨҳ棬˵۹һʱ͸ĳȴû˵
طЩţȻ¶ı飬ʲô̩ɽӡ
価Ѿһһʯϣ⻬ģɫҰףûһǰɫ
ط̲סʧһ£ûټŵһġ桱ȷʵЩʧűһֻһƤëҲǺģһҪƤģһȥһ¶ЩʧҲֻʧһûټ֮ǰġԻ͡ѣʯͷȻܺŸոտʼ
Ҳ¶ʧı飬Ȼⲻǵġע˭ܿ˷ܵĽƱصڽ˶еõģ˭뿴صȴ
طû֨ҲûзԸǺ׵ģûг˵ҪټʯģֹźȺ͵λȻּʯ
һĵ嵶
һּ嵶ȻûгطɫʱЩѿˣ
һʯѾһˣʹ̶˵طһǧĶʯǶĿˣʣµʯﻹгҲֵһǧ򣬶Ҵ˭Ҳûаջгˣ˵ЩʯвĿԸ
ҲЩˣǻʵ۲̫༱˼طĹʦ׿ԼгƷʯԸҲطкˣΪкˣããܻøõıꡣ
ʯطһǧģȻûʯǮʧѾ˰ͭǵȦУҲǸСĿ˵ĸ߹ٸӻ֣
һ˵Ҳطġۡ͡ʧ֡طԸʧľ
޿κΣֻܼʯطʧʧ⣬üȥ
ľ˵ʯе̶ˣĿѾӰٷ֮ʮʱֻаٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣҿܻͣ
˵ĿУĵĵһƵûп̡
Ŀˡ
ĿˣֻϧһͿôõ

Χ۵ȺѾʼСۣʣµʯϺѾ磬ǲгˣǰٷְٻһ¶ϻ˵ɫһ̣
طʯ棬۹Щ䣬µֶЩ΢֮ûзǻΪǿҪ˼ġơ
ɽﰵ̾һ
طİءǰˣȴԼʧһǧ
ʯϾǡƤ̡νġƤ̡ëϵıпĳ¶Ϊɫġ̡Щֻʯ͸ѣʵû꼻һֵɫѣ
ܣġˣ
еݶϣУط˵һ
طһָŬŵƽỺЩУһֱ
ͷٶ˵ּġʱѾûκε˷ܺڴֻš
һһһǰȥûг̣ȥʱƬֻеһλãʯϡ顱һѳƬΪʣµʯѾֻ̫һ磬ʯѾܲиемλþķˣ
طüһϣҲʯϵıѶˣ
һǧһǶղ
Χŵ˶ҳʱط
ɽطҲЩɣ֪طøǮأǵԺһٸҪǮ
ʣڵط϶ǲˬúܣҪըըҩһ˭ȥͼŻȥȼըҩ
ط̧ͷ˿ңɽĳɣĲ˼ġȻĲ˼ı飬ȻطЩ
ޣҵİù
ʱطǳסҲó䣬ֽŮӹ
Ůطޣͭ鱦Ŀ޾ͱطΪĿĲ߻
ط֡ĸоطûнܾȻͱʾղˣǰطԸ񣬽СܾʱãСޡʱǾ顰ӡʱˣ


34 ʼ
սսİطĹ°˹ط򿪰ó֧ƱǩдʣˢˢˢľһǧĿ֧Ʊֵ˸βһǧ֧Ʊúã
β־ϲطһǧʱɫˣͲҪˣԼһǧ˵͸ޡˣһǧôĿ᲻˵Ҫˣ޲ޣǮ϶ҪõģԸķ䣬ҪǵλãԼһǧѵطҪԼ
ϲڷһǧĲưٳıǮ⻹׬˰˰򣬰˰򰡣⣬ҲҪü꣡
βǲֽӹһǧ֧Ʊʵϸ룬Ǯǻõģ
ط֧Ʊһڶѳֲõ˵淢̲סĴ
Ĳ˼硰һ̾Ϣ⳱ģʵ̫ľˣûġĲʽƫֻǺϷ⣬⿼ϵľǡˣ
Ĳ˼Ҫ˵ֶʯ뵽طգۼѾһǧľѳۣѳʵٶ˵ʲô洦
طʢ˵ֻǨŭˣԳĬˡ
Ĳ˼СӲ˵ôһʯͷ˵͸βһת۾ǧģƱ׶ˣѹЩ˶Ϊʯ
ʵĲ˼û뵽ʯʮľ䣬һķƵһβȷʵãһг̣ȻҲΪһгˡƤ̡ط˸
ɽ𰵺ңطǿг֡ءǮĿɾɽˣȻطֵĻҲֻ򣬿Ҳǿ
طӱ׬ͳȥһǧʵʿҲֻа˰ɽ˰Ҳûж
Ĳ˼˶û˵࣬Ц㲻רҿʯͷһ棬Ҳ׬ϸٰģ׬ˣ
Ĳ˼Ǹ뿪Цûм˭˼⻰ط͸̶ֻ⻰ڼһǧĿ
طбּĲ˼ǳЦӯӯģŭŨ̲ס˵Ŷ㻹ǡרҡôһ棿ãҶͷϣ㿴һʯͷˣ㿴ϰով׬һǧǮ͸һ
ʱطǰһǻŭȫϣֻҪֶʯǾͲ
Ĳ˼ǰʵֳĶʯסˣ֮ҲûӿǵЦ˵Ҫһѣȵطһ˵Ͼ;òˣЩʯͷͼʮģ
ȻһŶط˵ܣҿɲʲôרңשͷשҰɣҿһףϾǮҿ˵ǿʯͷҪǧ飬ôҪ˵㣬ǿʯͷٿң
ʱڳ˶ŪôһףڸۣڸּۻۣٿǮ˵óڣ
طһ˫۾ͿҪðٿ飬ϷŪԼ
ı棬طٺٺ١ЦţһŴ˼ֳãٿǮ㣡
ǿʯͷ˵ģǧ飬پ٣ʲôϷ˵ԱߵĲ˼ۿ֡ɽСӡ࿴
ٿǮȻǲֵһᣬطתһ뻹øãóݺݰĸ̴֡¶úĲ˼翴һ
һϲԼʵûǮҲҪֻҪһ飬ղֳʯ֤ûпͷǿʯȻһǧ򣬵ûбȻһĲֵһʯͷѣ
˵ʯͷðŨɫԼģǾ˵ʯͷͻϵ䣬ҪȻôŨı
طǲƲ˼ѹͲںƲƵʲôϵ
طһӦͳ˿Ǯһֻʮ߿ëһ٣һʮһŶʮʮ飬һֽңһëӲңͳһѡ
һٵĺһʮõУʮģȻٿǮһݵطǰܣٿǮһ£
طһѽӹҲľŤͷԱߵһֵٿǮ̳飬ţ
Ǯ͵͵лһҲɵóϰطͷϣҪôô˳ã
ɲطǮ˭ֻҪİʯͷоУԷֻҪӦֻҪǮʯͷں治ܡ䡱ɶǮطûл˵ģ
Χŵ˵ԽԽ࣬ܶ࿴鱦Ҳ߹ʯһ黨򵽵ʯͷһ㶼á
˷ܵľǺβת˲׬˰˰飬ĿøѪڣֻǧң
طһϲɫֺߺʯҲˣҪҪʦֳ
ȻҪЦݵ˵ٿǮ£Ҳ£ȻǶʯҪѵȥԷ˯Ű
طƿԣȻ˵ٿǮ£һղ˭ּۻˣȫֻͳǮھȻƤ˵ֻٿǮ
ʦʯòһطַԸĲ˼߹ޣܻϲôɣ
ӦǲܵģܾһʶѣҪȻĲ˼ϲôĲҵͶˣԼҲˣһ˵طû׷Ů˾ȻôСӸ׷ˣʲôͭǻ죿
ͷҲû֣ԼֱʯͷȻŵʯϡ
ʯСģӦòᳬһٽҲж
ʯϲʯϱ⻬һ棬ȻǴһʯϷѳС飬ƶɫɫ֣طмǧ඼Ǹˣ
ľҲƲʯϵġ
пڵ·Ҳֻǰȥͷû㡰ΡôɫʯҲûʲôεģҪ뿪õʵ죬ղطһǧµʯϣһͿôɫȴǼ෴ʯȻ͸ܳ漣ˡ
ԱΧ۵Ѿۼ˶ʮˣΪʱʯϵǲʶ΢ٿǮȻûʲô롱̸۹ڶʯĻ⡣
һűȽϺһ£пںȴԼһְ롣
һһͻҳת۵Ĵ󲿷˶ڱ˿˺üԶ÷ĳǵĿڱǺ·
Ĳ˼˷ܵĶǰ㲻ԭʯ֪ʶϣӡ̵ľֻиոպβת˲׬һǧĳʯͷֵܲܳ漣ȻкβһǧôҪǿֵǧһҲãܳٿǮıǮ׬ˣ


35 Ǯ
˭ûһ۵ʯϣˣһȥ󣬲ȻҳɢҲʪëȥֻȥһ£׼λ߶еڶʯͷҲǲܳģֻһһְ꣬ѣ
ڳУ׼еڶʱ򣬺Ȼ䣬ƺС̹⡱Ծסһ
ϸһۣʯͷпϣȻгԵľͿһӴðɫ
һһѲ۵ʯͷг̣
Ȼҳɢʪë˸ɾʯп¶ĹȻһű滹ɫ
Ȼǵһͳ̣
Χ۵˳Ĳ˼綢ŵ⣬˶û⣬ֹ໥˵Żɽ̧ǶһĨҫ۵ġɫʱһͺֳˣ
Ĳ˼ǲʯһУ֮ǰĿ˺βӲһʯͷ飬ΪǷˣû뵽ǿʯͷֻһֱطһǧļۡǿߣ˭뵽طһǧȴԵóף
ʯͷ˵ľĶǣֻ˵˵ͻᵹ£Ȼûۼ̣淨ǲҲˣԣֻҪʯͷгɫֵǮˣ
Ȼ⻹ÿʯͷӵҪҪȥͬβʱþգȥת֣Ǿ׬һǮ̰Ĵ뻹ҪߵļֵµĻΣգгƼ۸͸ˣβʯͷһеҲûжǾһǮֵˣһǧĿȻڶ̶ʱɢΪУ
Ĳ˼ζû뵽ġǺõ˼㣬Ȼָβǿʯͷһһг˺ÿɫ
ȻʯɫûʯͷпһɫСĸоָоٶǺּܲɣ
Ĳ˼ֲɫĺûطɽȴ
طɽͺһʱ͸ſȥĨͷһģô£ôʯϾȻҲڵһгôõ
ȻΣֿ˿ģȻҲгǿڶԼˡ
ɽط˶߽Щϸ쿴һпĨɫطȥһ£ģ̵þҪˮĸо
һȺβǿʯгɫѷɫҪһЩǺβǿʯͷҲǡǰ֮һɳһףӼʮıһԾһǧľ˸߼ۣȻһףһĲֵ
ΪֳǰͷʯϼʹгôõҲûðȻͿڳۣ
˭ûףɫôÿ˭֪ǲָβǿʯͷһ
ɽȿ˿ڣСֵܣʯͷҪҪ֣
ɽط˿Сɫٷְٻϸ߼תˣٿǮĶϾļǮɵӲŲȻмȳ˷ʯһĲֵ󣬺ڶˣ
ţǱʢʯͷܺûмֵʯɣҪȻôбð
βǿʯͷȻгûбвҲˣԼʯͷ϶жˣҪҪþأټȥ֮Ľ
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˵ʵպβǿʯϵĳ̶ȣڵɫƣһ϶ˣλӦңɽĻҲû޻޵ĹѺβǿʯߣҪñ裬ҳ߼ۣ
ȻûʯԼϵɫ֮ǰβǿϵɫ𣬾ûطǿгһǧ߼ۣǿʯϵ۸ҲӦ֮䣬Լϲһ飬԰ĹƣԼҲֵɣ
ɽһ϶ѹ͵úˣʦ鷳аɣ
ȻѹúˣֺαˣԼ֪жԼһѸãģƾǶĺû̶ˣ
طȻҲ֪ɽѹļ룬ҲǸովʧ˰˰ֵĻЩֻǲϱ¶
طҲһѣʯǮûʲôʱĸע벩һѣ
ҳһʮתֲطڡԥʮĿֱ˵ˡ
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ˣطһӰɣɽ΢΢һ̾ٿڳۣٳ۵ĻϾǸط˴̵Ӳƴ˭ûкôԼһ飬ˣ
ϻ֣һǲطƴҲûʵ򼸰˦ʮУϰӣɾͲӵˣ
βӵ𣬵ո׬طİ˰ֿ˻˰ɲɲٷȥˣ
طɽԥһºͱˣǲԼˣﵹǷģɨһˣû˸ҸӲƴһʮܳɽˣЩڣΪʲôиһ
ЦЦ˵ˣҾг̸ϰûʲôһǧҵΪʲôֻһʮ򣿺ǺǣˣʦǼɣҲٳˣʯͷ꣬еף
ط˶סһ㶣Ȼ
Ĳ˼Ҳһʮ㶼һʮ򰡣ڵнˮԲȸɵܲ
Ĳ˼˼ףҪþգϷ׬һʮôõ£ҪûǸˣʱҪһʮûˣ
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Ĳ˼һߺߵĲ֪˵ʲô
طٺ١ЦţǮôԣҵЩ׾ͭǱ˰ɣ֪ļӵܣ
һʮ򶼺Ϊ֮ҲһļͥӣǻͭˣطͲ²ţǲĸӵܣ
ͭĻûʲô˼ңˣͭ˵ôãˣ
ҲԼطЩ˵ҲˣˣĻش𣺡Ҹ廪ĸǰ˫˫ҾǸ¶ʲôӵܣ


36 ֲĵ
طɽ𶼽סȻ
˵˼仰һʱǶø˵
ҲֻٿǮҲֻٿ飬Ǯԣʦʯ
ͷãټˣ
һ̣߳ϰ֮ǰĳУʯ·λã׼һµ
ʯϲ󣬱βµһҪСüα˶٣µλҪ֮ǰһĳ̶Сܶࡣ
ӵһһ˶һעû˵ˣǶ֡
һȥȳСЩ󣬸ϽʪëãȻ濴
Ұףûг̣öЩﶼŶһβ֮ǰǿʯһˣСӾǸɵӣ׬һʮ򲻺ãȴƫƫҪʯͷгɷϣǸɵӣ
طޱ飬Ҳ֪ǡҡǡʧ
Ĳ˼絹ǽס¶ϧı飬ûˣţǶÿԣܸɸɾûзյһٶȴӲǷɣڶûɫˣ
Լȴһԣûͣ˵תֵĻ
ȻֻмʯˣƺǲƺĲײĲᣬҪеֻʣһѷʯˣ
һһףʱļѾ࣬һʯϵĽֻ𵴣һܺõȥ
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ڶȥʪëûҳɼ飬ԱΧŵڳлȻӴһ
ΪиԼָˣеô
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ʯͷʵʵ¶Ҳ¶ı壬ֻһ˵ʯʦðȻȵĿ˵ʯͷ塣
˶ΧǰȥֻǿʯһϣԼеλô¶СƱһһ⣬ɫựëøɾûմһĳʯͷаһ顰һط¶һǣ
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Ĳ˼ɻûףɽ˵˰Ҳû˵֪һ㣬ʯͷڵ׻ֵֵһʮ
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ղһеԺһ㣬ӦбЩģʯϲ̫еóԲûкܵ棬˭õһȥȻһгı壡
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Ȼ㲻ϼƷʣҲϵƷˣھͲ֪񵽵жλǲҲ¶һͬʡ
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Ȼǲ֣ҪУǲòġ
ͷֶֻԶԸȥˮ
һһѾ˵ˮȥҲƵ顱
طǲ²͸ǳǸɵڰԻ


37 
ʱѾȫûطӰˣڿôʵһֻܹг룬⣬ѹͲȥˣ
ʱ᲻ת֣֪˱һĹְȴȻı䣬ʯͷȻУ
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ʯѾ棬һгɫǸǲˣֻܲгһУֻ˳ŷλþϸĲʯеľʣµͷĸ
ʱеĺȾͼһЩǰðա
ԱΧ۵ûҳɴ۾Ķ
ʱʯķҲıˣöиǰˮˮкͣҳﲻ
һԼ׵ĺȾгһıɾ飬һص֮ǰһҪԴʵȴȻһ
棬Ƕгˣһ׺һңһף϶˶٣ʣµԼһСͺһ׺ǣ
ڵѾ¶ΣȻвٵطʯͷµǿóġ
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طȴҪս鱦ҵҵҪֻһϵȵԭϣǸʦԭҪΪںѵõõԭϣ䣬ʯĽЩȻĶǲģһһ
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һǧĿ˵Ǹ췽ҹ̷һλúͲ˼飬һǧ֧ƱЩ
طŷƱ㶡Ĳ˼磬ͷĶʼð˳һǧȥĲ˼硰жĲ˼ȴΪͬһǧļһȴĲ˼ΪôԾ
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طļƻ˲ðȴɫ棺ϰ壬ӣʶ
һ죬ЩҲסĽ͵ءܣСõĶӣĸǰʣҼҼס꣬óԡٺ١
˵Ͻͣ˵ġô˵ôǰ˵϶˾񡱣ӲͣЩ
ҪС̻褶ƽȥϰˣʱȻȻġȳ⡱ȻѺĻ˻ȥ˭˵ʲô
طһȻ̽ĶӣһǸĸ˫Ĺ¶ʱﰵϲ
Ļ֤ʵ㣬һǸûǿ̨Ĺ¶ûнǮ涼⼸²ҪʰСӣǾ͸һһôô


38 ŵ
ûʲǫ̂ͼҵףУҲ棬ֻɫطôξôΣ
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ĲԶɽǸǿˣĲ۾ʤĲ۾ϥֻŮŮϻŮĲ˼ļ⣬һֻԼ飬ӾĲ۾С谮ŮŮľƢҲ޿κΣֻɵȥ
СŮĲ˼СڻУĲҵļԺ޴䣬Ĳ۾˼һڵĺ̳УȻ˼ҲǺԵģǾŮĲ˼и׸Ů׻˵ŮǰӣҲֻˣ
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39 ʼɽ
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Ĳ˼ҲûϵղŶġԡԡĲ˼
Ĳ˼һڨڨĸϽһϳϳϵ˰ȫȻվ˫ץͷϷķ֡
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벻ͨƺ־˵Ļƺһ֡ζǡ˼ҵĺ統ҡ˵¶ûܹĥѵͬ˸죡
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ԲˣҲĲ˼ʲôıơʵĲ˼Ҫľֻǰưѣбѵ㡣
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֡ŮӡԸҲͦãٱЩֽŸǧСǧٱ
ٿһȥķȻǡʼɽĲ٣㲻æúôʱȥɽˮ


40 Ӵ
Ĳ˼ȻȻһ˵һ˵գϵж㹻ʱ䣬˵ǻ᲻μжҲȷõȺֵ
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ŶһȻ˵գȥֻ²ʰɣ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ£ֻȥһ£˵ǰǱͷΧأ
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Ĭһ£һ˵ҿֲûôʯͷֲǴɽۿ͸֪ʯ
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ֻҪĲ˼粻׷ףһŤͷȥķ羰ʱѾǽС·ˣǷ羰ȴϫߵ̻Ưһдеɽһǲ˵أЩˮ
Ϊ￪ſյȻѳ򿪴Ұķ磬ʿĿ϶ĳпõöࡣ
Ĳ˼һֹۣ˿յȻ³˵ϲµĿÿؿµʱҶ˿յ磡
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ȥʼɽ˵ȻȥϺУΪϺдӲ˽̸Ҫô䣬Ҫô󲿷ʱ˼أֲԸ㡣
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Ĳ˼ͷʲôû˵ϱȥں档
һŮĶ·ԼݾͻͣЪϢĲ˼ܺãһ˽ٲͣʯЪϢ
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Ĳ˼ǽʯݱȽϿǽʯϣ⵹ʲôͷֻʯݶĲ˼米˲ò·ְˣֵñòԸһš
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ܾҵĹø
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Ĳ˼˵ñˣ뵽길ĸ˫˫ʱʹҲž游ĸȥֱʹȴ£
Ĳ˼˵ԼԹùú͹ø˼ŤͷȻ˫ͨ죬ǺǺЦ
СҲ֪黹Ϸ˵ӣ
Ĳ˼绹û뵽ɴ˶뵽ԼʹֻЦȴЦ
߰ɣ
Ĳ˼վϰԵĳȻ̤ݲϡ
һһɽɽϵģСʱļûʲô仯ֻܵľˡ
Ĵʴ߰ߣЩطӵĺۼ鿪һ룬Ĳ˼̽ͷƣȻͷ֣ʾȥ
Ĳ˼ȥ˴žµʯݣȻһǧƽĴ쾮쾮̸Ŵʯʯĥ־ֹ⻬
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Ĳ˼ӿЩŲ̧ͷֿ˿Ƕ;ЩԾʱϸһ£ϸʱͷ⣡
ԭһǶʱ;һĨɫĹߣԭȻΪбϵĹ߻ӳϸŷ֣ǲ̫佻ӳĹߣһ֡
סľǲǺ棬Դܿ󣬼ٵƷðıжǱҲƣ״ĴСɫŨǸƷ໥ӳյΡ
ڿġȴǴðģûôӴ󡱵ıôıԳĵıررӴ󡱣


41 һ
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Ĳ˼ΪҪһȥֲ¶ӣһʱһɣܿʡĵġ
Ϣδѣ㵽ʵطѽ˴԰һ
㡰һ۾ȻϣĲ˼˰Ըȥˡ
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Ŵһ˿ܣ쾮аúܣһˣб䣬ľһɴһ㡣
Ĳ˼Ѿø˵ȥˣҲûҪȥݼһ£νʧ߲ʧ񣬷Ĳ˼ĹøҲ˵
ǹɱջ̫ǿ롰͵ߣֻĿһǸʲô֪ʲô䱦ܷôǿŨı
ȻıŵҲóʾˣ˵ðȻȥ˼˵ҪԷָô֪ģ
һ뻹ˣԽĶȻҲԽǲصʵҲȥˣԲȥſڵķұߵʯ߹ȥͿܵķ羰ˣ
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ʯʵҲֻδЩƵζ˵˵ͷннţЩ
ʯȥи߸ߵԺǽԺмأ˰ײ˴֮
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˵رһʯʯʣ߹ȥʯϣֳ°Ѱ˼ĻǹɡѰ˼ǵǸʲôı
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ϺбŵۺȻˣϺе۾סһ
СʱϺʱֻĸߴݣ۾ڿ˫۾ȴƺһɫ̶ˮף

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ҲľϺְͷ֪Ϻʲô˼Ȼ;ϺаͷϵȺһͷƤֱ͸濾Դκġ
Ǻ˾ƣںϣڷɻϣδλһ㣬ﲻ֪ϱƺϺеġҲ֪˵ǳҲʲôͿúܣǾ˺ͿֻʣºͿ
Ҳ֪˶ãֻȫúܣʲôԸȥ룬۾Ը
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˯кȻ˽һ㣬һȻۣȴнһƬбԣԼ쾮ʯߣĲ˼һ绨ͷ
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Ĳ˼ʲôΣϺУҿʮʮǸ
ֵúܣǵԼܽǵ棬ȻӺľȥϺƺԼĦԴκôһȴǰߵ쾮ˣ
ѵԼ˯ˣ
ԲԣҡҡͷŵķȥһĲ˼磺ϺأϺûУøĺˣ


42 Ҳ
Ĳ˼ȦЩ죬̾˿Ȼҡҡͷ˵ûʲôĵģҲػã˵˼仰ˣǻȥɣȵȿʲôָʾţ
ͷŵķ򣬳˵֡ĲĲ٣ȥϺС
Ĳ˼üͷҹø˵ˣϺһǰѾȥˣʣһˣ
Ϻˣ
Ҳ̲סһ
ͷ㶣ҲͿˣ㲻ղλʵģϺѾˣˣ
ʱֺȻ֣ԭðıʱȴʧӰ٣ȥĶˣ
ѵ˸ͿΣסֹʱǹӴŨıԼȥԺӺŽȥϺУϺðȴĪǰԺ쾮Уô벻ô£
ȥˣĲ˼˵һ㶵ı̲סתΪϲЦѽ㣬Ͻ߰ɣٲҲҹøһĪľͷɵ㶣ҪҲƺ쳾ҵУҿˡ
ٺ١һЦɵǿܵģǿƺ쳾ҵУҿ»ûﵽǸ磬ҷ̫أ˼ҵ˺У
Ĳ˼˵ЦֲȥſʱŤͷȥʱеƽƽͨͨһġ¶
ˣͷƣʵǸ㲻ֺͿ֪λлʵУͿķֲ
Ĳ˼˼عͷųյģ˵㵽߻ǲߣ
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ɽͣĵطʱȥʱ򿴵ͣŵǼʱҲûˣֻʣĲ˼档
Ĳ˼óԿװһ½һ˳ϵðȫĲ˼翪ֻ﷢ͣκֻ˯ûһͿͷ˯ˡ
ιĲ˼һûзӦסֺֺЦ⻹ûô۰ɣôϳ˯ˣжвѣ
ֻĲ˼Ҳûǿаѣųɽس
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Ҳ֪˶ãϵˣڱĺˮһһģоޱ
ӳеľĲ˼Ưµ˼üĵı飬һôֵҽԺ
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Ĳ˼籾ǳüı飬һ˵ʱϲ㡭ˣ
ͣͣĲ˼üͷ˵Ҳ֪ô£ö˶˵ģ˯Ҳ˯ˣ˯ðˣ
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Ĳ˼ҲæҵֹѪֵԼָڴ˵û£ҺѪ͸˵Сһ
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ͷðֻ˵ǴĲ˼ðģ
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Ƭ̺򵽣벻ʲôðġĲ˼ҽʿ϶ͬı
ҽͻʿֵڴȥ鲡˵Ĳ˼յǰ˵㷢ʲôɵǲҪҽ͵Ժȥ飿
Ȼ򣬸ϽЦҡͷ
Ĳ˼ɺǸʿǻʿſã˴ֻһ˫۾档
Ĳ˼ֵǲǿ˼һʿƯͷˣ
Сʱһ죬һڲϣſֿô֪ƯǲƯ
Ĳ˼硰ٺ١һЦ˹ĵҪҪȥѿȡƣ
Σһʱ˵ûǸ˼˵ȴֱĲ˼ץſϵĲͬ룬Ǽͷ㡰Ҳ硱


43 
ҽͻʿȥŶĲ˼û˵;Ϲ˵˵ɣʿƯƯʲô£ҿûȥʲôҪƯģֺαȥ
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Ĳ˼ΪԸֵģ˼ȴΪϻǰضȻóʲô˼Ц˵ôƯ𣿡
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ֻǾĲ˼̫ҪǳĻøˣ
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵˾䣺СëͷֶʲôƯƯˣ
Ĳ˼ϽоӸµĸоȷʵͬ˳ö࣬ǡ䡱ˣֻҪһʱȻľͰˡͬˡ֡ͬ¡ĸо
ôСͬˡĸоĲ˼ҲûиС̸˵˼˵ЦҲˣû١ȥ
ˣȻûʲô£ǾͳȥԵʲôɣ롭Ĳ˼˳˵ţ˵Ҫ͡ĻʱȻֹڣۡЦһ˵úܣҪҲ׬һǧĴ룬ߣԺõȥҲȡ˲μһܣ
˵ԡĻľͽǸоúˣȷʵ׬һǧġ޿Ҳνáܡˡ
Ĳ˼ѹЬóϣ˵߰ɣԺ졣
˵¥ҽԺԺ˯˸˸ѣô˯ҽԺˣ
ѹв˵ӣ
ŸոտĲ˼ҽʿȼͷ϶ðɫ£ûôأ
еЩʱã
Щ˾Ȼðġٶ࣬Ҳܻ˶ӵаɣ
ǲԼˣ
ۣȻϸ۲죬ϸǿÿͷ϶Щ΢֮УƱﾰһ֣
ʱٿĶʲô΢Щֻͬɫ಻ͬܡϸ
ǰûǰֻ챦ĲͬɫıƺǿﶼСֵֻŨѡ
÷һţǲԼˣ
ԸĲ˼絽ʼɽȥ󣬾ϡŹֵ鷢ﲻ岻˸Ρ;һ˯ҽԺҽԺκζܿСð⾿ʲôԭ
Ĳ˼ԥģաСҪĥĥģˣˣ
һʱЦ£ǲԸͳԸ𣿡
Ĳ˼黺ЩʵôˣҸоر֣Źֵģƽһ
һϽҡͷʲôһģѵˣߣöˣԷȥͣ
ǵȻģĲ˼ľ˵ˣݺһһⲻȥóԶرģ
һ˵رģﻹЩûˣĲ˼˼ңȻСܱȵģ浽˸ߵݻһٳԸʮҲûǸܣԶٷ᲻ãһҪĸʮ߸࣬ЩۣǳԲǾòֵ
ҲֵֵܲҲӲͷƤˣҽԺѾߵˣĲ˼翪ſڽʮٶǰС
ֲ˼ҪȥУѾðö˵ͭݻ֡
Ĳ˼翪ȥķȴ֣ûȥЩڵķ򣬶ľɳƬҲ죬СѧѧǱ߶ȹķչܹ˱ΪϷӶ࣬ǨѶȴøߡ
Ĳ˼ѳӿͣͣߵ·ߣ³Իڳ϶ֵɣ㻹Ÿ
³ɻ㡭ȥʲôʲôõĲˣ
Ĳ˼Цÿ°ͣ˵ɣ
ȻֻиȥĲ˼ǰߣںţûȥԶʮеĴš
ŽУѧЩпѧʮУ뿪ҲˣѧУʱǸҹӡʱʱ⻹ǺҸģܵĿ
Ĳ˼ͷЦ˵ǰѧúܣҲкöûطˣ
û뵽Ĳ˼ȻͬһѧģûĲ˼˵ǰʲôݡ
Ĳ˼һһ߿пţĺöûʮˣ֪ЩʦڲѧУν̡
ǧҪ˵ҪȥʦͬѧʲôģûйתȦ
Ĳ˼û˵ǸֱУ߹ȥڲתѧУߵһ⽲͵
һ㶣̧ͷƲ͵ӣúܣһ㶼İѧʱûһٴҲоʮΣ
һװ޶ͨĻ⽵꣬ʮеѧ˵ȴЩͬȻǸС꣬ѧǿɲʲôͬѧСۣĻϾܳԱζֺãҪǡʵݡС
ϰ֣Ǹʮ긾Ůһ˸˲еְϰ壬ԱϴСȵȣΪѧǺܺãʮеѧʦΪ֣衱
Ĳ˼ֱӽ˻⽵꣬ſھͿʼˣ֣裬⽣
Ц˿Ĳ˼磬ͱŵˣԻ⽾νġ͡
֣Ű⽣ҪϿˣûʲô⣬Ҳհڶ̧ͷһЦĲ˼Ҳ˴žͷеڶƤվӭ˹ȥЦ˵ʲô簡˼綼ˣ
Ĳ˼ҲЦ˵֣裬㻹ϵҰû˰ɣ
֣ЦǺǵĵ᲻ϵ˼ѧУŮԻ⽵Ǽһ̸ǽõģôܲǵãţλǡѣ
֣Ĳ˼˵ŻֿĲ˼վڲЦݵˣһһߴΪĲ˼ѣ
ûĲ˼شЦ˵֣裬Ǽǲˣ
֣һ֣衱е˳ڣҲЩɻ󣬶һ󣬻Щεҡͷԣ벻ˡ


44 ι
Ĳ˼ƫͷֶһı֣ѵҲѧģ
־пܣΪĲ˼ͬͬѧǽöѧҪҲʮѧҪȻղŽС֣衱ʱеô˳ڣ
֣ϰԵġһȥ̨Ƕȥˡ
֣ǰ΢ӷסЩ壬ǰ˲ٵͷ̲סЩп˭µĥۡ
Ĳ˼ЦЦʵղŽС֣衯ʱȽԼ軹Ҫ죬Ǵʮ߳ȥô죿˵ҿ϶ǰˣڹʱҵֶʦõıݣҾѧ㣬Ҳô࣬Ժҡʦ㡯ͺãƽϵԺҪŬʦЩӣ
˴ֻεĿЦЦ⻹ǱˣҲ֣Ĳ˼籾Ǹһеģ۾ͨҲ
֣Щ׾ƣĲ˼Ҳ֣̾˺ܶ࣡
Ҳ̾һȻֶĲ˼Цʣ㲻˵ҪҵôԻˣ
Ĳ˼˺˵׬Ǯ͵˰ɣΪ׬ö࣬ѧӻ޶ȵϰ߾ǽɽɽҲܵù⣡
ǣǡٺЦţĲ˼翴ƽʱú׺ףʵǺģ˵ҪեʵȴֻҪһ⽶ѣեһǧζν
˵ʵĲ˼ĸǲͬ⼸ΣЩЦĲ˼ʱܶ࣬Ҳ桰ޡȥưֻΪ˦ġڶӡȴȫĹˣ
ŸˣǺѵã֮ǰӦڣʵ
֣һͶ˹õĻ⽣Ĳ˼˿ӣûȴһζ޵㣡
һƬ͵ЦЦϵĴƿӹЩף˵ԻʱÿζҪһЩףϲԴף
ۡ
̲סЦ˳ܺЦʲôóȴƫҪԴס
Ҳ֪Ĳ˼⻰ֻǲ䣬ּһۣҲֻЦЦû˵
һڻ⽣׵ǲӣ;Щ΢ĵΡ
ֱ̨Ƕȥһһ˵֣裬ҳԵζأӵΣ
֣Ͻʢεһ͹˵ʹˣֽҲûǰηˣӵɣŶˣ
֣裬գζءɲ֣СϽţӼΣ۾һ鵽֣еʱ˴
֣жŵڲĺۣܲ˵룬ʵǸðһɫıȻҽԺһֱùֵֹģʲôСЩǺܵܵ뱦ܴȻ֣һ۾ͿóߵĲ
Լ֮ǰľ飬Կ϶ֻ֣Ǹ
һСĩֶ֣˵֣裬ҳԵζҪҷŵϣżӺʰɣ
ã֣β˳ֵݸתֵ̨ȥæ¡
Ĳ˼صӱЦ㻹ǹˣҼӴΣ׼ӶֻᣬμӶôԣ
ҡҡͷȻββΪأһȦһﻨƣʢһΣͲðײξˣ
룬ֳһֽ˲βأ˼ַβʵûжࡰࡱֻɫˣž;Сžɡζ
Ĳ˼֣ͺܽǼӵֽ֣룿
һ㶣ʱЦŵش𣺡Ĳ󾯹٣ˣҲ࣬ǾЩŹ֡
ǸʲôŹֵģ
ЦЦû˵Ȼβ
Դȷʵ˽ⲻ࣬ⲧбðȻͲͨƷˣǿûⶫ϶мֵģ
֣һͶһӼ弦˵˼磬ѶԵ㣬֣ûʲôöͻ⽰弦ЩСԣ
Ĳ˼Цĵͷش𣺡ã֣裬˵ģʮ飬ӡľֻĻ⽺ͼ弦
֣ҡͷ̾ϢһЩȻ˼磬ԵɣطҪǨҲˣһµⷿʱ䣬¸¾׼ֵأѵÿ˼һΣ֣Ҳûʲôɽ亣ζͻ⽼Ըɣͣ
ǿɲУ
һ֣˵͡Ĳ˼缸ͬľ˵һĻ
֣ЦʲôвеģǮС⣬ҪǻҵǻճǮڷҲ˼ˣʳĻҶˣǴʣµĶ
Ĳ˼Ҳ֪Ϊʲôϵı֣Եò϶˵ͷһһ˵֣裬ҪǨˣΪʲôĵط
֣Ц˵˼磬һӼûҲûǸǮϵҲӲţһ׬ĳ˷ˮ⣬һ¸ǧȥĵط棬ɾ׬浵ˣ
ۼĲ˼ܣһ²˵֣裬㲻˻£ҲϵĻҸһô
֣ЦǺǵĵ⺢ӣЩҲЩǮ󲿷ݸ¸˷ӣʣԼֵˣҲܶ꣡
Ĳ˼ȻǸҲף֣ȻƶɲǡؤҪʩᣬ˵ԼûǮ衱Ǯ֣϶ҲҪ
˵顱ʱĲ˼һϽ˵Īʲôð취
ЦָָǸι˵֣裬ιӦǸŶǾжļֵҲʮȻ뿪ˣҸ㽨ǣһιңҳʮǮΪҲιӵֵԽסķиߵļֵҾͰϵмңǮǶģ
֣˴һָԼĶ㡭˵ι޶ֵʮ飿ûҰɣ
Ҳƭҡͷ϶˵
֣ˣûҪ׬ͷϵѣΪȷʵȷι޵ļֵԲ˵ʮ򡱵Ľ飬ȻιðмֵĶʮǮûȥ˵зգðıβ²ƣô϶ҪֵǧϣʮǮҲ̫֣࣬ס
ȻȵľǵιûȥϿֵǮ
Ҳ׬һǧóʮ֣Ҳûʲô֣Ը϶ҲؤҪʩᣬ֡ġķʽУ˵ҪЧЩ
һⶫֵʮ飬ǵڶǰ׽ˡ
Աзգ򲻴ۣεġסҲԼһĥҲã
֣ΣҡͷЦ⺢ӣôڲιôֵʮ飿ǮҲòףϹںˣ


45 ٹŶ
̫ˣھǡʮ顱֣費ţ
ǸĲ˼һģĲ˼ݣ֣軹˵һЩܸĲ˼һˣᣬǮеģǮ˵ǮɲãߺǮȥĳֻһùˣ
֣貢Ǹ̰ơˣ˭Ҫ׬Ǯң˭Ҫ̰ĵ˾ͲһҹƵΡ
ʱ򣬺ʵʹšѡжΪƶģ
˵ĵȻĻû뵽һ仰Ѿ֣ŵˣ
Ĳ˼һĻһºϲ˵ģ
ó֣ɻҲȻԼ˵̫ͻȻˣ֣̬޷ܣѾ֪Χ֮ˡ
ҵȻ˵ģЦŶĲ˼̯̯֣Ҳ˵Ǹ󻰣ԹŶﰡ챦ȵ֮ģһмģ
Ĳ˼硰һȻǰһǸְԼƵİӣһĪҵ˻ƷصЩҵư
֣裡Ĳ˼֣Цտ˵ģһﲻǸſڿӵˣǸŶмңȻ˵ιǹŶǾͰٷְǸŶȻǹŶҿҲͲҪʮˣɴʮ飬֣裬ɽɣ
ֿЦĲ˼ǿ֮ǮȻۣ˵ּͥȻҲС׬Ǯ֮ѡĸ֣ǸʵˣԼĲ˼Ȼ˵˿ڣҲֻдӦˣ
˵Ĳ˼ҲȻ֪׬һǧĺƣҪȻǲô󷽰˿Ǯ
ðɣͶʮɣֶɻ󲻶֣˵֣裬һ˵ɣҪȵǾͶʮϸңԺӮҵģ׬øһЩ³ԿĻǾ͵ҿǮǮǲκнõģ
֣˵һ㶼˵˵Цӣ˵Ҳû˸ЦһĲ˼Ҳ˵Ĳ˼ԸǺģĲ˼ѧУʱԡƯ͡桱ڶô˵ˣѵιǸŶ
֣Щˣ˼һѻ𣺡֣裬ι޶ǼŴɣжļֵȷʵҲŪҰٷְٿ϶ǸֵǮ
֣趢˵۾˺ЩһĿǳȴƫƫ֡崿Σ
ԱߵĲ˼һϾǡı飬ӣ֣Ȼ͡סˣ²Ҫ͸ԼʮǮŶʲôĻǸдǡʮʮˣιҲʮ꣬ĸ˵ιǸʲôŶˣ
˵ҪǸһ˿Ҳ͸˵ҸʲôߣһǮû⣬СΪʲôҪ˵ô֪ιǹŶһ
֣һΡı飬ȻЦ˵СӣˣҲˣҪι޶ĻȥɣһǮҪ
Ĳ˼綼һȻ֣裬ҿ˵ģι޶мֵģ㲻ţ
ţ֣̾Ϣ˵˼磬̫ŻϣǵҾˣҪι޻Ƕʮ¶ҿɸɲ˵ֽŶУԲˣҲң
Ĳ˼û˵Ҳ̾Ϣ֪˵ʲôá
룬һŶ֣˵֣裬ɣŲţι޶ˣпŸҼʱҸĿתһǧǮв
ô˵֣ԽĲ˼ҪǮˣڡ˵ֻһǧˣЦ⺢ӣ˵ʲôʮʮģ֣ˣ˰ɣι޶ߣһǧǮˡ
ˣҪǮҲҪˣڰ֣ι޶Щϧ˼ۡ
֣ҲЩˣ۹⣬Ǳ飬ѵϲι޶
Сӡ֣һȻ˵ɣҪι޶Ҳ˵һǧ飬һٿɣһٿ㣬˰ɣ
һ£ȻͷҲУûֽ֣裬ǰпŸҼȻת˸
֣˰֣ıˣпд˺ţƲӦһ»ǲС
֣ҲĲ˼һٿǮûУ뻹תһǧɣҲɵĲ˼ˣҲȥôˣ
֣Ĺ̨Բʰпżٳ⽺Ĳ˼뿪
Ĳ˼û˼ӶǮո˵һٿǮҪתˣͳǮǲֵ
뷨ģ֣ڳʱõʣ
뿪ʱ֣ιĩڵһװιޣоŵݸ
Ĳ˼л֣Ļ⽵뿪ֱӣת俴֣ĵĲ˼һץ½ǵʣ˵ι޶ǲǹŶ
ŤŤ壬˵·ˣι޶ǲǹŶ˵ȥһУ
Ĳ˼ȥиʲô
תǮ£ܸʲô
ҪתǮĲ˼綢ʣ׼תǮ
ֵ̯̯㲻ǡתʮأ
ģĲ˼̲סЦʣǾڿЦȻıһġ
ָָǰ˵Ǳ߾һ佨У
Ĳ˼һһЦһģҲ֪ι޶ǲֵǮι޶ֵǮֻӦԼ˵ЦʹӦ֣ʮ¾ǾЦҲͦж
תӾǴұߵһӾǽӪҵ㣬ӪҵȻѾˣߵĶʮСʱǿŵģ̨ȡƹֻһŮȡ
Ĳ˼ȥŮŲ죬飬һȥЦĲ˼ʱıͷ
Ĳ˼Ưòġ֤ʲôùɡ١
ԼпȥҲĲ˼Ա͵룬ֱӰ֣Ȳѯһ˻ĻʾΪ10001479.89Ԫ
Ȼ֪Լ˻һǧ򣬵лϿȷеʱΪ˺ü飬ֱȷֲתˡ
Ĳ˼翴ת˺źĻʾ˻Ϊ*÷ʱ֪˻֣Լģ֣÷
ûԥľͰˡʮ򡱵ֱתˣȴӺʾת˳ɹ
УĲ˼ЦȥĶؼһǸȥһ˾
Ľӣ˵ȥǶⶫҸң
Ĳ˼ʱι޶ǹŶ


46 Ԫ
Ļش𣺡ǹŶ
Ĳ˼˴Ȼ˵áԭҸڰһ֣裬ո׬һǧĺƣͶʮֻСһ֣ιǹŶͿ𣿡
ֺЦֺ˵˭˵֣һˣ֮ǰ׬ϽҲ˵ʮιޣ˭뵽һ仰ͼʮʮҲֻҧţι޵ֵǮҲȷڲҪȥǶ𣿡
Ĳ˼һеڨڨȻı飬ųԿһȥǶ˵ߣϳ
ȻҪϵģҲ·ȥЦι޸Ĳ˼ԺԼ׬ǮòҪĲ˼֪ҪȻԼӻʾĿˣ
Ĳ˼翪ųһ߿һǳЦ֪ʲôӡˡ
һųľȻ㡭ȥҪȥǶ𣿡
ȥķԲסַͭˣһ۾֪ĶˣĲ˼ڿķסַȫԯˣ
ȻȥˣĲ˼һ߻شһ߿˭˵ڼϾһҪȥ
һ㶣ҲǣϲڼȥҲţĲ˼Ȼô˵֪ܿȥˡ
ٹһųķʣȥȥȥϰĵط
Ĳ˼ͷش𣺡ۺⶼóˣҲ˵ףɹģھھżһЩŶ
˵ͷûʲôȥϾͺãֻǸιޣ֪ǸֵǮĶðضҲֵһЩǮģҲǿȥ
Ĳ˼̲סֵı飬ҪΪ֣ʮĵ֣Ҳǰһ£ֻҲǡեһʣ˵եĻǿЦģԭֻǴȥԸ⽣ʮǮС£ȴû뵽ͷĺݺեһǮ
ЩҲƽ׬һǧľ޿ʮʧһǧȣǻ΢ģǰһëѣ˲˽˹ǣ
оֺĲ˼ʰ칫Ӵͬ£鵽ȥˡ֤ﱣҡִһȥ֤ҡ
֤ڹõĶ㣺¥
ȥ֤һҪżദǩֵǼǣ֤ҵľԱĲ˼Ц磬жû˰ɣģʲôˣ
Ĳ˼һۣٹǻֵģأ߰ɣ
ǾԱЦ֣ڵҿ̳̳޹޵ģ
˵˵ЦЦǾԱϷĲ˼磬ǵش𣬲ҸϹ
ĶǺļһ£Ȼ˼¼һӰһĲ˼ϡɨ衱һ飬׼˽ȥ
Ĳ˼˺ߣǾԱϰź̤ȥҲһԵĸŽȥǾԱܺĶ˼ۣĲ˼ǩıϣǩǡȴǺİû˵ҲǾľԱ
ھ¥㶼֤ﱣң¥мһߵ߾ǰ칫һС䣬ſڵдš1ҡ2ҡһֱŵķſڴͣǵڡ7ңĲ˼á
е֤ﱣҶмأһоԱҪȥȡ֤߲飬֤ҲһԱһ֤ﱣֳأ֤ʧ
Ĳ˼֮ûоԱһΪĲ˼ҪȥıڣǱѾоԱŵģȻȥͬһȻҲûҪٰžԱһȥ˵к֤ﱣﶼмأһһǵļš
ŵ֤ҵľԱҲõͬµ֪ͨԿſĲ˼ʱҲûоȵı飬Цÿ˵磬ߣ
Ĳ˼Щͬ¶Ϊ硱Щ˶Ĳ˼ġšҲȡǡĲ˼ŮӵȷƵϡ硱
һȥͼŷŴ󾵰ڿһͷһϲôˣ
һĲ˼ʱͻȻˣ˼磬İɣǺǣã⼸ô
ĽСĵķЦ˵ϣҲ£ոһϿʲôֵ
һ漴վֱ߹˼ʲôٺ٣㻹õҪҿ
ǾԱĲ˼۹û뿪˵˼Ĳ˼һĻһˡ
ҲþԱԾȻ˵õҪĻѵͭǻбǿˣ
ٰ۹ͶϣǾԱǲ죬˺ᣬڡɣҪȻôһô˵ֻ
ɲܱʲô飬ֻϿյĴǸʲô
İװʵ̫ˣҪСĵΣƷǸղصˣĸ֪ղرܶҪóʮֵСģ;õİװ䶼Ҫаٷְٵİȫ֤С
Ȼֻͨװ˵ĺڽװ˴֪Ǵ⻹ڲ
˵û˵ģԲӦôڡ⡱Ŀǰľ״ãҲӦǡںɣ
ӽװƣΪܾǸһ㼶Ĵһ򿪽ڿι޵ʱͳһ
֤ﱣĵƹⱾͺ˫ι޶ŵƹϸ쿴һȦ͵ײ˺һӣȻСĵķڱмһϣŷŴȥιޱ㡣
ԴǺܶȻҿڣҪȻͻ¶ţι޲Ƕ೤Ķֵ϶һЩģָֻߵͶѣĽ
Ĳ˼սȥϣι޶ֵǮ
ǮٺһЦȻ̧ͷⶫ㻨˶Ǯģ
ڨڨһЦ³û˼شĲ˼Цʣϣ˵ⶫֵǮˣ
Ĳ˼ͷһãЦѾͷǰϵĽУ˺үүүүĽУ龫ֵģôһģ
Ĳ˼һ죬ġԹͲ˼ȻǲܶԱ˵ģЦЭ֤أ
ͷǻҶˣǸţ
˵ֿ̾δҤ͵ԣȻ˻Ȼ۾ģҿزҪټˣǲ֣
΢΢ģҲǸϽͷǣϣת֣ҸңʶˣԴֶˣҲֻˣתֵĻܸʲôǮ
˵ǡδҤ͵ԡ仰ʵѾˣֵǮ֤ⶫǸƷˣ
ŵ޶ֽСյĺɫԼ͵ԽᾧһϵƷǶӳ֤ŴԼĴԡ֮ۡӲҪԽǮҿԸԪļ룡


47 ж
򣿡
Ĳ˼缸ϲ£
֣ʮǻʮļǮһֱЩԡ˵ֵǻʲô
̣Ĳ˼Ťͷ̲סճ
϶˵Ǹ֡ҲǺͿˣֵĶһֱΪǸ֣迼ǣڲףǰʮ֮һġëѣ
ȻҲܳԾϾⶫģԼƲǮѣ˵ֵ󣬻൱Ծ
Ĳ˼˵ǡ̡ǿЦΣ̡ͷǱˣΪû취Լ棬࿴ټγɫġ֡Ĳ˼϶Ǹ֡ȻǸ֣в֪ι޶ֵǮĵ
Ҫ˵Լ治֪ι޶ġֵĲ˼統ȻˣҲȥɽˣôã̾ͼ̰ɣ
Ĳ˼һۣҲͬºǰֻеȳȥ˽ѵ⡱׬ǮҲû֣貹һȥҪȻ̫ڡˣ
ͣͣĲ˼ϣղ˵ʲô͵ޣⶫװ͵Ļ͵γģ
ǲѧ̲סЦѾͷϹðɣҾ㽲͵Ե͵ԳƴʢδǽҤƵĲƷͳΪҤҤƵĺԴɲƷḻʣ仯ǧƷְúԡ͵ԡױԡᾧԡ֥黨ԡԡԵȵȣе͵ԾԣΪҤȻᾧԲƷԼԵװߡ⻨ʵ˹ƷװζԵĳɾͣͻڲյɫװϡ
δʢ裬裬ʱĸԣײԶʫΪʱУҤҤʢУ˲ġ¼ƣ示ڣú΢񣬟֮䣬ΪҪáߣ򱡻ɫϣԲҲ˵裬럻յյȣ費ú񣬾ȣ֮ˡ˵ĽҤúյ
Ҥ̥ɷݣɰ϶̥࣬أ̥ʴֲڶӲƷ̥ɫֱкڡϺڡҺڻֵɫŵǺȣ̥̥̺ϸ΢ףȽڲı£ڼҤҤʱҤָԽأ¶̥һ㶼һǳ졢졢ڵ̥ɫ棬ΪԪص̥ڸ£ʳɷɵı仯ҲǽҤױϵ
һϯһϯʤʮ飬ϵЩ̣ǲѧѧģ쵽̶ȣֻСʫ顱;ļȣ
Ĳ˼ǸԱͬһһҲȤоԱһ˫۾Ĳ˼ϡɫĲ˼ھ̾ļǮġ⡱ȫǶţ̸ˣ
˵ЩŪ֪ʶֻ˵һΪĲ˼硰ˡΪѹûɶֻղؽġ󱲡ǰ˸һλġѡ
˵һϯ⣬ľֻЩ֪ʶֻĸݣ绢
ôȻͲ˵ˣЦǺǵʣҪתֵĻ㿴вУһ£
Ĳ˼øЩҧгݡһôι޾ȻֵֹϵĿӣʱǲôޡթ֣һأһ׬򣬶֣һӻ׬׬һʵͷ
ǿʯͷʱĲ˼ΪһǿҲСԭ򣬵ǿǸƽ׬һǧ򣬶ھȻǲ׬ⲻ
˵ʵڵģڴͬǾٴεΣգ̤ѣˮɺˣһ²ǧǮнˮȻ˵Ͳ׬Ǯ⣬һԱȣﻹǺܲƽ⡱ˣ
һĻ͸Ͻҡͷش𣺡ϣҲӼ۵ͣǮĿͻظɹ޶ҵỊֻ̇ʮ򣡡
ô˵Ĳ˼СӻĲԼˣСȻƶ治ô̰ơ
һӶڸ򽻵Զ˵̫⣬ĺðɣһ㣬Ĳã׬ҲӦõģľǿ߸ǿ߸׬ǮСǮǿ׬һǮǴǮ
ι޶СĵķϣȻ˵ãﱣܵһЩ⡣
һ˵һָűǽڱߵļӣӺɵģÿһļӶкö㣬ܵʽֻܸҡ
һʼʱѾⱣкüðЩŨȲߣԱۣƼֵܴ
ǽڼмɫͬĶϴõģ˷ǩĶЩǰɫķ״еǿ״еɫʰ쵣еĳɫıǿ״
ЩҲСð϶ǡҽԺʲôСֻɫǳŨ̶Ȳͬ¶챦ıҲΪͬҺܵ
Ĳ˼ûȥһŶܵЩǺ򣬴飬ɿͱ
ﱾֲ²⣬һĲ˼Ľ֤ܵʵˣ뵽˵оֽежǡɨһĪܿ嶼ðġЩƷҲԲͬҪǿóƷ֪ܲܰﾯЩ
һ뵽һ뻹ǸϽٰǼֶƷð࿴飬ǺЩɫŨѳ̶ȣõĻҲб޻
磬ѣ
Ĳ˼ľԱͬע⵽Ĳ˼עͶϣע⵽һ󣬺Щʹʵ磬ѣᣬĸ˾ϰࣿ
ȷʵᣬֺǾԱҲܲǸ죬Ĳ˼硣
⾯Աʮ߰ˣֻһö䣬ЩģһûҲжˣһ˫۾û뿪Ĳ˼磬ɫ˵ɣǾ˵ͨҲͬһĲ˼硰硱Ĳ˼һضҲôУδúЩġ͡顱
Ĳ˼ͷشǰҵѣҲǾĹŶרңᣬȴӲúܣ
һᣡǾԱһ䣬ȻĲ˼磬磬ǺֵĹǸɣжôûμӣ


48 
Ĳ˼˺ߣûлش
ԼʺΪʲôûμжأ˵εжҪǼӣ̾ӸӾܴ󣬺Щˮݡǽʱƴ󰸣ͷռ
δжУҲռȣĲ˼ڵ̾ܵѹҲȽϴ󣬵ȻĲ˼ֻǸС١ֲȥǿʤ
̾ӵĶӳʤͼӵĴӳȷˮݣֳɽ׳ɣʤ̾Ѿʮˣ࣬崳ɾԲ㣬ӳʮ꣬ǲתҵľˣǿڲֻͷԶΪڡ
ʵʤҲ൱ǿֻǳɫ̾һֱܵѹơ
Ĳ˼ֳΪϵԭ΢ɽ֪Ĳ˼˲·дķչҲϡŴֻòԣĲ˼翴óΪ
ɽϺ꣬ӦĲ˼Ȼǲڻ£Ĳ˼ķչ˵Ĳ˼Ϊֻԭ򲻽˽Ĺֳ
Ĳ˼籾оеĵλ΢ΪıͬȻȻġ࿴ԭȻΪġƯƯŮӣСݣĸ᲻ϲ
Ĳ˼͵һɽܰȢ֣ⱲӾͲܶٻˣ
ҵͬȻĲ˼쳶׵ĻᣬһûһĳлҲעעԼһ˼ȥ۲Щ֤
Կ϶ǣڵøǿˣ֮ǰֻܿ챦ġڳ˱⣬ܿͨƷֻͨƷܵܵ
Щ˵֡ĻҲȫ˵ܷĶΪ֮ǧı仯γɣԱγɣûγ֮ǰҲͨƷҲֻǵˡ
ܿͨƷĵò˵һ󲽣
һ߿ЩƷġһҲڰ²ԼĽпܾΪʼɽеļɣΪ֪ʵһΣ
ϺѾˣǺпܾһΣֻʵûŪ
עǼϡ
Ĳ˼ͬһ˵Żһֿ˿ڹ۲ЩɻĶƷ֤Ҳ֪ΪʲôͶЩƷȤˣ̲סƲлͬ߹ȥ
㻹ڿʲôѵܿʲôر𲻳ɣ
ҡҡͷָŴŷ֤Ʒ˵㻹˵ЩرÿһƷγɵԭأЩȻҲһڸоǵġζ۲ǵɫϢ
ζϢɫĲ˼ܲ죬Щ֤ϴȫִܷ˷˵޿ܽӴ˵ʲôϢζ
⻹ŵõŹˣ
һЦдššĲ˼磬˵ǲŰɣ
ȻţûĲ˼˵仰ǸоԱͬž˵ˣĲ˼ѹûġڡǸͬ¿Ĳ˼ֻע⡱ӣûɵľ͡
Թ޳𣬵һĻ͸оóԼûøСҲںĲ˼͵ĻģĲ˼֮ǰܶࡰ˼顱Ϊе첻˽⣬ɡ͡ھһᡣ
оԱٺЦ˵ôʵˣ˵ŵζϹˣϵܣо棬ѧòã
ţҲԲţҲûҪǰɣ
Ĳ˼Ȼһ⸱г񡱵ı֮ǰЩ£ȻԼھǡϹҲųǸ£Ҫ֮ǰǲţ¼ǲôˣ
һĲ˼һЦͬ£ֶ˵ܸܲҺúýһ£ʾһ£
ͷԣȻеǧǧ޷͵ʤﶼӦԣٸӰɣȷ˵ǿǡӡ˵ЩƷɣǵϢȽ⣬±ʵ棬Ϊû͸¶һĿζϢرѵĹȴóЩ˾ѵҲܰõģֻͨ˿;ò˼飬ʵ˵ҲûʲôأرѵУ
ٺ٣оԱȻЦţЦʲôţǹֲǹôйӵúܣɫһɫһһ裿ǿЦ
Ҹ㣬㻹ţЩɡ
һ˵һָżЩ֤ƷҾ͸Ǳһ£Щ֤ƷúӷװҾáᡯ֤֤
ǺðоԱͲһһԼֲܰ쵽飬вûٵģ
֤СӺСв٣ĸСֽӣ
Ȼ֪ͷֵ̯̯ǷֱصСתغٽת
оԱȻţ۾ʵʵĶ˿Ļᡰסתȥһ߶һ߰Ѽ֤ƷֱŵСֽȥȻٺϸӣ룬԰ֽӷŷڵϣŷԸˣת
תĸСֽӳһΰڵשϣͲϸȥ۲ϾͿĸϷġͬ
ɲֱ˵˵ĸصʲôǶװȥᡱĶÿ϶˼ӣȻָŵһ˵ǱڶKۣǺ򣬵ĸǴ飡
ոǸоԱصʱĲ˼۶ſŵģоԱͬôصǵȻһû˵˴Ųףó
оԱҲ˴ûϵȻġ¡׼ˣ˴ϽӷתȻó֤Ʒţǲ©ζˡ
ûᵽκ쳣ζ֤ƷİװʵƷ©
ӴʹһоԱûоκε쳣ζĸӲ²ţСǲϹèץˣ
˵ǲܵģоԱŤͷ˿ûвƷ֮࣬ǲЩӳ
ûκεĲƷЩӱҲˢģӳճӰɻţСӾôֱģ
ᵽζˣ
Ҫ˵ɡĻƺЩ̫ܣΪصĶļĸӣո׼Ļķ֮һ
һĻʴ󣬵ͬʱ׼ȷһԲ²ļƷͺˣϸСǲֽţȴӲûְ취³ģ


49 ζ
㡭͵ˣ
ǾԱ˴Ȼָ϶͵ˣô֪ļƷĸֽ棿
۾͸ӣȻǾܵ飬͵ʲô
һЦ̯̯νĵҪ͵ĻǾ͵˰ɣ
Ȼ⣬ǾԱһӵġ桱ʱйˣ˼ҲǿʤĲ˼ǰҲ˼˵ʲôݻ
Ĳ˼絹ЩֵĶոͬµġԼǿģȷʵûˣؾصתȥͬ·תģû͵ŵǽһǷ֤ƷӣͲܴõ䡱ĿܣҾﶼҲһġ۴ĸ򶼲зӳ˵ӷ͵˵ҲǾܵģ
֮ǰڻƷ罼סլصĹŶʱĲ˼;ò˼飬ûͨôֵģǡħһ¶һ֣ģĪйӵ
һȤ߹ʣһúðҶûʲôһҿ
ǰǰҪһΣҾͲܲµõ϶϶ǾԱ˵ˣʱһ˵һű鶯
Ȼ֪ǾԱͬͷ΢ЦŵͷðϣҪôԣ
ղѾȫλĲ쿴Ǽֲͬ͵ĶƷɢġϢǺɫ״͸ʲôڸסܿóģֽôѵõ
ǾԱһע֮Ȼ١⡱ˣȰֶԸתͷȥ
ЦЦǰ¶һ£Եͷ˵ãиñӣҸɴϣ
ñúܺʵ޲ģǾԱ֪ǶϺ󣬾ܻܴñ￴ߵĶۼñתȥٰñڸ۾ĲλȻֽߵķ϶˸ʵ
ǾԱٻ飬һҲ޻˵̶ѾΪõķʩˣ
һλĲ˼Աһӣûа취ףǾԱϽİļ֤ƷҴȻ·Žֽ׼ǹʱ룬ְһ׼صK˳ϵ⼸СֽӣһѶϢķŵһ棬Ȼתѵϵĸӷת
ˣתҪһλҳ͡
˵תѸŵñõŵϵĸֽӿ
ǾԱĲ˼˶ܲ١ᡱǸԱ϶ǡ١ģ϶ʲô׵ķ
һĸֽӾͿӱɢϢһֱͿʲôˣһȴûɢ
һ㶣ǲӡ⡱˻ǾԱûаѶŽȥ
ֻûﵽĳ̶ȣʱ֡ˣǸ֤Ʒˡ
ֻͷ̧ͷʱɢˣΪһ̧ͷͿǾԱֽеĵðKɢԣǾԱûѶصǸȥ֤Ʒصϵˣ
ɫװģĿһȻű۾ȥᡱڵǼֽһ֮վ̽ͷڱλһᡣ
ǾԱͷֱЦСӣҪ¶˰ɣ
ȤĶſǾħɣħ϶Ǽٵģħ˶ĻǾͺܳɹˣĿǰûзĸ׵Ρ
ֻĲ˼ﵹĻᡰᡱǿܻᡰζôܻζ
ѡݡĹȫŵϵĸӿ
ǾԱٺ١Цţһο϶û͵ôϷ
Ƭָ̣ŵһ˵һŵǺ򣡡
⡭ǾԱԭЦţ˭֪Ȼ˵ȷĽһ㶣鲻Խľ˳Բܣ
ֽӴ򿪣¶һɫĩ״Ķ˵ôܡ
ǾԱЩƿԣָŵڶֽ˵ڶǴ飬ֽǱ
ֽѵڶ͵ֽصĶ˵ǾԱŪĿɿڴһ㣡
Ĳ˼̲סǳЦ°͵ĺݸһƯӲûô쵽ģ
Ϊ͹۲ԶͨˣҪ˵ǻǲӵù۾ոħǿĶ
ҲΪùžȤ͸ŶһֻĶžսԺȤζһһʲô壿
Ĳ˼ЦҾŪ˵Ҳζ
ĵ˵ͷش𣺡УʵκƷ඼ǸԵص㣬Ҳ˵ζһʯͷɣκ˶ûζģʵȻҲζֱֻ治ѣ
ŶˣĲ˼ͷӦţˣгҪȻ罼ôҵóЩŶŵĵط
͵ǺܡĽһεġ˼顱֮룬Ĳ˼ֻȻˣһμʱͭǴƵĲУǼΪԽĽʧԣҲǺ׼ȷҵС
Ҫô˼ôҵõ£
ֻǸԱľðɻ󲻶˵ǡסİɣȴҲ֤ݣüͷ룬۾һ鵽»ʣûתһֽӣȻһϽָֽ˵С㲻ǻû³һֽĶ𣬲³˵
ٺ١һЦ˹˵ֻļ֤ƷҲʣµҲֻKˣ˭ȥͻK۰ɣ
ǾԱһһѵϵı￴ʲôˣ
ضʱĲ˼統ȻǾԱôصˣʱ˵ĻҲЩķˣ
ֵЦ˵ˣҿŵζѶص˱𴦣ȴҪ¸ӣƭң
һ˵һ߾ֱߵӱߣԥûУֱӷֽӣŵKȡ˳ڵмϡ
ǵĸֽӣѹûȥһ£ƺȷûҪ²Ķ
ǾԱסܣܡ
ôܣĲ˼Ц˵ˣҿܵúܣ˵ܣҪñ۾ض濴
ǾԱʱ֧˵ñڸˣʲôãֻҪתȥҲ治


50 
ǾԱֹһšͷ˵϶˵ģҾһûѣֻҪʱһ¾ҵ
һ֣϶ĻһʱûֻҪʱ;ҵó㡣
ԱƽʱͰô齫˿ˣȶģСдڶļҲڡġļʶ˵Ϳ϶ǡġķϣҪٷְӮаٷְٵİգֻǿף
˵ҲҲҲôһ˵棡
ǾԱΣĲ˼磬ıܿģЦ绨ˣһ˫ЦֻܣȻ֪ܻ׷õĲ˼磬Ĳ˼Сϲʱ˵Ķʼı¶ţ
źЦǺǵ˵һƯ룬ٷܲ뵽õʲô취
ƣûһֵʱ͸èצץһ㣬ҳһֵĴ½˯ˣ
ҲΪҲΪˡֽšֻֽ̫ˣһʱ
Цҡͷ˵ϣʵʵ˵ɣһֿûʲôֽţǿģҺСʱӾڲͬǸ˼ϰ߸˲ľ룬ҶóȻҲʲô칦ܣҴСģ
һģģ
ΪǱȽ˽ģ½Ӵʱղ࣬ˣֻҪһӴ˽˳ʵڿ죬˵ѣղŵıȷ棬˵ѣѵôصı£
ţֻǸԱӲǲţߺֹһ
ЦЦϣ˵Ҫԣ
ðԣ²ţҸʲô취ⳬ
֮ǰֻ֪ġ˵ãȴû뵽һָŹֵǸˡ
УֻĲ˼ģΪüı֣Ҳһֱ벻ͨʲô쵽ģ˵ġôǿ֮ǰһеʾ˵ͨˣ
һ˲䣬Ĳ˼Ȼкǿҵĳ嶯ô˼õưмֱ
ʱĲ˼ͷˡ˽ġҪǽļжûС񡱵ãȻȥݡոջѰҡƷֳϰǲöˡרҵ
һʱ䣬Ĳ˼翪ģ棬Աʣֱ飬̬
һȻΪκʶζ˵κƷ
ģҵȻҲûаٷְٵİգЦŻش⻰˼ЩֵûζˣǸ˼ָˡûаٷְٰա˼һû׼Ҳпܵģ
ǾԱ룬ԼڴһһԴ˵ãҾתȥ
˵ͷȶǴϵȽرֻ壬ϺһСݽɣڲܷȻʵġһȻܵܵȷʵü
ֹᣡ
ȵ֮ͷȥ˵סðˣװװᡱӣȻȥѰңǾģˡ
ܿʵ޷ͣҲ˼飬Ҳɵ֪˵֪ģ˵ͱȽ˽ˣҲԱΪѵģ񿴵ô޷⣡
ס˴תȥ֮ǰñڸʵ˷϶
ǾԱѰشĵصȻŲԼУȻᡱ˱ףŪˣ
漴뵽ܲԼУ㲻Ϲһ¾Ͳأ
ǾԱӼת鵽ЦĲ˼ʱһѴʾһ£ʾյԼС
Ĳ˼ǾԱ롰顱һЦĽ˹ȥٰһ㣬˴˴
ǾԱʲһںļϵá۶ۡ죬ƺѴϵĵطһ
ŪһǾԱŴ˵ˣתɣ
Ļñӣתĵһ۾鵽Ĳ˼ֲðǾԱ۹Աһһ飬ƺʾǸ
ЦǺǵſϷֻҳġҲǾص
ġ¶Ѿ֪ı飬۹ͣĲ˼ϣ˼£Ȼ۾ȥᣡ
Ĳ˼ǾԱ˶ôеġ
ʹ˼£ԵġݡʮӺ󣬺ȻͣȻ
ǾԱһû˵ٺ١ҵĶûУ
飬ûҵҲҵ˰ɣ
ʱЦЦȻָĲ˼˵

Ĳ˼ϵЦݶʱŨˣҲ̤ʵˣòˣͷֻûˣ
ǡ棬û뵽Ȼôڵ˵һô
ֻǾԱִﶼͿˣ
ѵһôر
˵ıӾȻøһǵһμ
ҲЩôˣΪ˱ġֶΡȻûñֶμɣֻ˵Ҫǵϴˣ
˲ͰȥѰҡĹءءϡ
ǾԱȻܼĲ˼ġϵʱҲȷ𾪵ˣ
Ȼת˱飬϶Цӭǰ˵СС
˵仰ְתĲ˼Ǳʣ˼磬СС
ɵĶĲ˼ЦĻش˾ԱȻԱͬ²ûаѻ˵ףһ֪ʲô˼
ǾԱϽȥ˵ŶСɣҴûġˡǾרѵľȮҲֻûôڵ
ǾԱǲ٣רڡѰƷľȮǾѵ־ȮǺСԡģѰķΧϾڡƷߡըƷ֮ڣղıѾԡܡȮıˣ
ġһƷҪǻ˾ȮĻóһͨʯͷһͨĴ
شǿ϶ܣ
ɫζͨƷȮҲκβУѰȻ԰쵽ô̵ʱ׼ȷѰҳ


51 
ټʣǾԱҲ֪رܵھǸ׵õúְģСǸĲ˼һģ㲻ĸ־֣ĸɳľԱ϶оֵģΪоֵʶġ
о־ֻصıһʮˣǲ٣Ҳ࣬͸ʱϵѧʮʮϵܵҲʶģǾԱûˡ
ûҪԱʲôԹֻԼһ޹ϵҪĹͣݡҲֻĲ˼ǿģƻõӰ˵ġ칦ܡ
Ĭ˼ãӲ벻ĸˣ־˲ãУ̲סǺЦ
Ĳ˼ˣǲñ֪ͷͳֳֻɽ˸绰
ϰ壬´ӳǽжôˣ
ɽȵѾͷǲųжʧܣ
Ĳ˼Ц˵´ӳ£ͬҲ£һִʧܣϰ϶ÿҵϣжչ١
ɽĲ˼٩ûľ͡ա˳ò׻ǰһ˻ȥߺߵۿĽץ͵ɴǴϻЩ϶û鵽ڳʹۿѲ飬ûץΣû֤ݣ˵˵ô
Ĳ˼һжʧˣĴǶһϲȴ˵֣ɣûҹȥ
ɽֳʲôҪȥ£úõĸҴھ
Ĳ˼һ˵֣ĲˣȥֳôǸ¶ˣȥưӣǸ鷳ͲҪϰôխΪоֵأ
ǽͷͷǵˣҷأɽֺЦֺ˼䣬Ҫҵ绰ʱĲ˼˵ˣ֣һˣͲǵǰһλƷˣ
ɽһʱϴҲǽͷöУĲ˼ڻƷ罼լӴҵ˲ĹŶ
㡭аգɽĬƬ̺Ĳ˼磬аգԼҲпܡСơ
ҿɲ˵ԼаգĲ˼統ȻƱЦ˵ҾǾ÷¶ǻûҳ֤ȥҲʲô£˵أ
ɽһ˵ҲãȻȥǾȥɣҿȸϸ䣬ȥɲӣܸ鷳ֳִָܸȨȻ鼩ӣ
úúã㣡Ĳ˼붼ľʹӦ˺ɽҲǺɽʤͷ嶥ײⶼǻҲ֤ݵ£׻˵ʵʤ۱棬Ҫֳҵ֤˰ӣʲô˵ʵҲһǡ˳ӣ
ǿȫйϵͳģҲΪɫ֣ͷѾ׼־η־ֳ
Ĳ˼û˽˶ԹģġԴ󡱣ȻȷʵǿҲѹˣѹݵľ˾ʤ
ֻĲ˼֣˵ȥط
ʵѾͷҪȥĶ
ǸŶ䱦ҲҪȥģ࿴ļ֣ÿһζ޷𾪣
Ĳ˼ЦҡͷϣɲȥҴȥжֳһЩ˽Ҫ˵
㬵İ˰֣
Ĳ˼СӡƵı飬̲סЦȥǵñǸԱһ
֤ҺĲ˼粢ûֱӵײ㣬ȥ̾¥İ칫ңһȥͶһʮ꣬ĸľͬ˵ľã
Ҫҵľʲôã
Ĳ˼ֽ㣬¹Ǵӵǰ;Ͻģ
һĲ˼ôĻѹҲҵϽȥ·ȥˡ
̾Ĳ˼ĵλͣȻɲǿɽĹϵȷʵйӲġٻһ㣬ǾȷʵƯͬ¼ᡰá͡˳
һѾ˳ݸĲ˼磬ûĲ˼Ͱ¿һԱߵȥ߸Ͻϣ
֪Ĳ˼ҪģȥֳǱߴƷ¿϶ö࣬Ҳûʡ
ǸСңҶǷģ飬һˣŸϽ¿㻻Ͼ·ȽϺֻûоӡ
ųĲ˼һ˾߳Ӣˣɵ޵ţһȻӢ죡
̲סۡЦ˳û뵽Ĳ˼Ҳ˵Ļ
ˣ˼磬ҵķװǲ˵ҳ˧
Ĳ˼硰һЦ˵˿ױ𿿽װҿҲֻһһɣ㿴˼ҴһӲǱƣԲ
ߺߺ߼
˵ĶԻͱо֪Ĳ˼ͬ¿϶˵ЦˣҪǺõһĳ̶Ҳô˵𻰡
߰ɣĲ˼粻ٸ˵Цֽߡ
ȥֳǱߣĲ˼Ȼ棬ڸϣֻһ·ûп˵
ؽ·ϺĲ˼һЦʵô˵
ЦЦش𣺡˵ʲôһǸһҿûκεı֤
Ĳ˼һ²˵ֻҪǵ֤ǼֶƷζͺãȻֳҺ棬ֻҪᵽĵصͰʾң
֮ǰ˵ˣܰ˶İӣжĹͣ¶ͷ칦ģúôĲ˼ģĲ˼ʱҲ˵ġ
Ĳ˼Ĺƣ϶ǲ˴ϣС㡱ֻڴصĳˮߵһѶǱšˮ档
ų⣬ҹܺڣʱѾ˳·ϳ·⣬ߵĽԽԽ٣ƹҲԽԽ١
ţôڵ£Ҳû취ǵкüСʱҪ뼱ҵֻѶǺܴģ
Ĳ˼û뵽⣬ǡ϶ǡڰǺӰģ
۽ĽߣһĽߵնʯʺϴ
Ĳ˼糵ӿһʱԶԶľͿǰߵĹ·һƬͣʮӣ̽յһ㽫һյͨ
˾о³ӣǰ߲鰸гƵݱܣ
Ĳ˼³̽ͷȥ˵Ƹ磬ңĲ˼磡
ǾһֵͲչ˿ȻĲ˼磬һ²˵ʲô
ĻжЩ衱Ҷ׵ģжСȨ֡ùĸ˸͸𣬾͸ɳһƣ¶ͬһϵͳԽԽȨҲǶ˼ҵġò


52 Ǯ
Ĳ˼̽ͷڳЦ˵ͬһתתɴû£
Ĳ˼ϵıܡȻû¶ֶ˾֪¶Ŀڷ硣
Ƹ硱һ£󣬿æµŵͬǣŵ˵ͷãȥִ˶¶רưӣ
Ĳ˼ͷӦİɻƸ磬Ҳ㿴ѧѧ鼼
Ĳ˼ġ˻˭֪Ȼ˾ǿҲСӡ˫һ˶Ĳ˼綼൱̡ģһ⣬ֳɽûûСвӡĲ˼ǸƯŮӣƯŮˡáǻǵͨ
Ҫǻ̾ӵһˣƸŽֳִȥˣ
л˻Ƹ磡Ĳ˼ЦлһҪǻƸȻסˡ
ţʲôˣƸ鵽︱ϻһİӣʱְѳ
Ĳ˼ЦŽͣƸ磬һݣշֳڻɳʵϰǹϵͬˣԲŴѧ飬ƸǰӣãܸնǸˣ
ƸһɣּòʵǺᣬҲȷǸոʵϰľУѧֲʶӦò̾ӵˣ˵ĸʶ
ȥɣ㣡Ƹٴεͷ·ߵľͬȻҲˣ׷ÿ
Ĳ˼ѳǱ߿ЩȻ·ߵĳͣ˵³ȥţǾ£ûʲô־ĵ߾ˣ
֪ͷӦ³һԵĸĲ˼
һ·Ǿ죬ʮˣٹȥʮףжʮԱǹΧűڵϵİ˾ŸˣʮԱʯĽѰ
ͣһʮ׳洬洬ǰоѲͧ߰ҿͧͧʱʱˮ
Ĳ˼ʱüͷ뵽ģѵḻϵĳ벻
˾Ÿץ˿϶Ѳ洬ȻҲǲ˵ˣⶼ˸飬洬صˮ涼Ѳڵ϶һˣ
ߵһʯվһʮӵ꾯죬ļͷӦǸٶ洬ߵˮˣܡࡱ
жġָӡˣĲ˼翴Ѱ˼Ҳû취ϻˮȥģûаյ£ǲܸ塰ԡŸɡ
ʲôûУһ£Ĳ˼ŵ
ҡҡͷӿץЩʱͺעˣЩϿûжƷ֣һûз
洬ҲûУȻûв䶾ƷһȦҲûп֡֡
üͷϸ۲죬ȷʵ洬λøû֣ЩȻվ޹
ڿԶĽ棬һƬڰʲô
ſͧѲߵľԱŴɨӣжԱáҹǡڹ۲죬Ǹʱһ£ȻŶĲ˼˵ܸܲҸҹһã
Ĳ˼˴˿ͽļѲͧȻͷãȥԣ
βμжĲȫǼӵˣоϣ̾ӵҲУѲͧ˻϶ˮӣĲ˼˵ȥܲܽһ
һѲͧԱϰһ·λùȥҪ㱨
Ĳ˼統һѲ߶Ա磬һҹ𣿡
ǾԱһĲ˼磬ҪֱӾܾģžӢ˵ܾĻ˵ԥһ¾ͰҹǵݸҲŵˤˣ˸Ͻң
Ǿ죬һִ񣬽һҲûʲô⣡
Ĳ˼Цֱǵлллллұ֤Ūһͻ㣡
˶࣬УȻûע⵽֮еĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ҹصǶҹǵݸЩ˵ý赽ˣ
˼Ȼ˵˾ͽ費ˣ
ЦЦҲûӹҹоһʹ÷ⶫҲֻڵӰ￴涫û
Ĳ˼ϽȰǸش򿪣ۿʱٵȡ
Ĳ˼̵ķʹãԭһƬڵȻһҹǾͷֺܱµľڵĻһչֳ
ԶĵطͷУϵϸ΢鶼Ĺ۲쵽ʵĿ档
ЩйĵطЧǺԣѾͷתûеƹĺҹʱҹǵЧͷˣ
洬ûз֣ѾͷԶƶڰĽҹͬһ¶š
ѾͷƹȥʼҲûз֣ѾͷƵ밶İλʱͷкȻġ
ȫһ𣬶Ǹλϸ۲һֻǸΧһԶУ߸طð˱ġ
ЩðŨȺʹС͹Ƶóһλõķپͳ֤һʮ֮࣡
¶λߴҲ߸ôķﶼԾȥǵú˼
зûУԱߵĲ˼ҹǶŽûżĵһ
ҹǣô˵
Ĳ˼̲סʲôûУ
Ϊ϶Ҫǿλڽһ͹ʯϣǸϷڡУʲôζϻͨһζĻӦû֡
ŵƺһζֲȷܲѲͧȥ㣿
Ĳ˼һ㶣ôߡ˵һζͼˣѶȣֻҪֶܷǻܵó巢
ãԡĲ˼ͷȻڲԶվʱʱڿǸҹǵľԱ߹ȥ
ǾԱһͱĲ˼羪˵ġסʱĲ˼߹ȥЦݡȺ򡱡
磬ԴҺҵͬµѲһ𣿾һ£
ǾԱϵı飬Ĳ˼֪Ϸġһ£ǾԱͷˣ㱨ŵͬ飬Ȼ˵ͷãֻܼʱ䣡
ۼж޹ƳҪˣʱĲ˼ȥ΢Ѳһ£Ҳʲô¡
ɷǾԱ˵ȻУĲ˼žƷжȦУǾѵʲôݣ
жǼλжֳؾԱѲӽͲΥ档
ȻҪԭĲ˼ġ
̾һƯǱǮ
ѲͧǾԱµݹ˵Ѿ´ϡ
Ĳ˼ľʹ˾£оˣǵһδ澹Щ׾
òװѾ´ãĲ˼֪ڵԼġָһָ˸˵磬ȥ鿴һ£


53 
ǾԱͷĲ˼綣һ£ˣ
Ĳ˼һץס֣һָָķ˵ȥȥ
ͧƹ⳯ǰһֱİɫߣֱڽϣǾԱٶȷŵñȽͬ鿪ŵĿͧɢڸҲû˭עһҡ
ԶͬעˣΪСҲǿͧӳԱ洬ΧѲ飬ҪĿ洬⣬Ĳ˼ԸǾԱֱ˵ķλÿȥڴһʱûע⣬ǵһҿͧԶԶĿȥʱͱ˷ˣ
鵽ҿͧ෽ʻİԶˣüͷһ壬תͷԱߵҿͧô£˭뿪λģ
ڳǰ㱨ľԱҿͧĳԱĻʱһ㶣˳۹ȥʻİ׵ĿͧҹԶ۲죬ͧϵĺʱһ㶣üͷ˵óԽеŽѧʲôϽסĸλ
ͧĲ˼ľǡŽѧԽĴȻҲĲ˼
ŽѧӴһͷĲ˼ε⡭ǡӳȥˡ
Ĳ˼硰šһȻ֪зûУҪûʲôҲֻܻȥˡ
ͧٶȱͲ죬ʱֹͣǰ߲ԶϸֿͧһǹƵġˡȻŽѧ˵磬͵ǰǸλã͵Ƕ
ָ߰ԶĵطŽѧЩΪѣ˵ܾĻĲ˼Ͻ˵Ŵ磬ȥһ£ˣٵӶѣȻȥһ£òã
Ĳ˼ġ󡱣Žѧһ£鰶ߣһҧãӣ
ָͧλôĲ˼ܽţ֪ʲô֣ʲôƹȻڽҲֻйĽ棬ˮĿɼȲһѣ
ֱðλôŷԸŽѧͣȻ׶೤Ĺ̽ȥ˼£ƺʲô
Ĳ˼ŽѧŽѧ֣ᾯԱǺ֣ʲôܵλʲộѲɻ̵ɣ
ѹջóˮʱĲ˼Žѧ˵ļⲿϹһӣһͷһȭͷİɫƯ
ʲô
Žѧ˴̲֮סһѵĸڽλ÷˰Ư
뵽ƯĿܾᾯԱҪȻô׼ȷҵ
ûɣ
ȴ˵ѹ˷£Ȼ˫Ưϳ
Ĳ˼úּӸƯֶ֣Ȼû᲻иʵʵĶҲ˷ˣзˣ㲻ıᵽ˶һʱ˷Ҳǰӡ
Ž鰶ߵķ뻹ӲͷƤĲ˼ӣֻ»ȥΪŮKҲˣƶӳҲϴ˵ֳ£̫Υ棬Ǹֲͬһλȥӳôܻġѵ⡱
һͷܳŽѧһʹһţɣܾŴѡ
ܳ˶ʮ׶ûͷԽ˾Ĵߴȥ
ˡŽѧһһ߽ſ࣬Щˣ
ʱֻһˮ죬һ£һˮ棬ڵƹ¿һúɫϴװʵĴһɶ״ıӡ
Ĳ˼ʱϲˣ
ŽѧͬŽѧǲ֪ġĿõģĿĿĶģֱָطз֣пĶˣ
æΪܳĲ˼ַԸŽѧ֣һŰǰϿͧ
Ĳ˼Žѧһ֣Ŵ磬еû
Žѧһ㶣һѾذ׳ݸ
Ĳ˼˵ذ׻ϰװһһ㣬һ߲㣬ʵڵڶûˮȥ߲һʧˣһ㶼ûʪˮ
ŰװܣĲ˼ϲһϰװ㻮˺¶һϴ·״İɫƷ
ŽѧȲףֲûЩһһİɫƷʱ˴Ųǡǡ
Ĳ˼һֵŴ磬´ӳ㱨˵з֣ɿͧԮ
Žѧһ񣬸ϽóԽ㱨ӳڽλ÷һƷǺԱԮ֤
ŽѧԭЩţ±ѵ⴦ڷһƷˣһĻǼٵģ϶ܵˣȻһģǻˡ󹦡ˣ
ֻЩףȻ˿ƷΪʲôֱӿͧصߣΪʲôҪڽλõͬǹǲƯͬҪڼӡ
һڽλз֣Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳû˵Ѳͧȥ
ڳķԸָ£һĿͧѲͧĶȥŽѧĿͧһͧһʱһ
ľḻúܣļһ۾;һǸ
ǰתƵѲͧϣȿͧѲͧʱԸֻֽߵļԱ׼飡
ԱѴСĵѲͧϣԱ׼ˣϽпԼ顣
һֶӵʱ䣬ԱͨӦĲԣȻԳͷ¶ӣǸߴȵĺ򣡡
ϲȻŽѧСӺðôⶫģ
ŽѧεЦЦָĲ˼˵¶ӣⶫҵģǡλƯʦҵģӲҵλù
һĲ˼磬һȻϵĲ˼ˣ
СĲ㣿ôˣ
ȷǶĲ˼ˣЦĻش𣺡¶ӣ˵ǻֳæ÷û£͸˵׼ҲŹģҲ¶ѧѧ鼼û뵽ãоҵһ
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ֳô˿Ǽӵ˻˵ƫƫжǺüλϵģڸӶû취Ҳ֪Ĳ˼Щ⣬ѹѹ
Ĳ˼ɲܳòˣͷô
Ȼ˼˵ͷĲ㣬ָĵطҶŵģ鷳Ŵһ£Ǹλùȥ
ŽѧһЩû⻰ʲô˼
Ĳ˼ͳȴ׵ģĲ˼֪Ҫѡ͡Ӹͷ棬һ˼ǾǶֹһ


54 ˮ
Ļͬ׵ģĸоֲͬˣ԰ѡ֡ĹƸĲ˼磬͸ùˣҪǻСĲ˼緢֣Ͷø
æ˰Լÿ϶ǡ޹ˣȻץˣû֤ݼ͵ûץ
ڸĲ˼緢ʮĺ򣬶Ǽ˵ȻӲùȷʵɣֳںɽǶǼ̾ӵǰ϶ǵˣ
ֻʮ֤ãٲرעĿ񵽵Ķ࣬ӵӰ;Ըˣ˵ﻹǲиķ֣
Ĳ˼ʤĵһֱѹ̾ӣĴָ£˵̾ЩӲû̧ͷֵõͷȷϢҪ־ξֳˣ
ҪĹͷⳡԽ󣬶ӰԽΪ֤ĲָӣĲ˼̾ӵˡ˽ԡֵģǾֳ׼Эһ¶ܣ
˼ţڶڷɢĿͧϸŽѧĿͧȥĲ˼ͬŹˮš
ʱ˵ġΧۡ£ѾˣԼ֣ǵˡλáʾĲ˼Լ֡
Ĳ˼Ȼˮʲôİʾ˹ˮҽȥû¾͹ˮĸƯһ֮ǰ̳һ
Ĳ˼紭˼Цֽ˼ж̾ӵͬ¹֣ǼͬµȻЦİѿͧȻ
Ĳ˼ʱֻˣͬû¾ͰˮĶ֮ǰֵİװһžѲͧϵ򿪣ȻһĶԱһ⣬ֵͷʾ֮ǰһ
ûע⵽Ĳ˼˵⻹߸λж
Ĳ˼һ˵С߸λáֵЦ˻Ҫôͬڳĺ޲ϡסһڣ
һﵱ̾ӳһڡˣһоŴĻÿһĶĻǼнٹŵȫļжҲǡ춯ءˣ
ѹ£ֳôλͬ飬ȥ˵ôӴ󡱵Ļж϶ȫݡ֪͡Ҫô
ֳʱĵĶĲ˼ָ߸λãλ಻̫Զʮ׵ķΧС
Ĳ˼ˣЦŶԳ˼ĳ˵¶ӣһмֵ㣬ɼָҰְɣ
УǳԾ֣Ĳ˼ôˣзǵõˡߡֳ̨ܱģ
ֻ𣬵廹޿κεķԸȥЭĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼һ̡߸һŰһİٶ๫Ѿൽ塰Ŀɿڴˣ
꣬ʮĺһûһηֵ࣡
ջǷȴָµκһˣ
ãã棬洬ͣԶζû뵽ЩڽĴİѶƷøƯ˽УȻϰ
ԤֶȷʵˡáǽжһĲ˼ЩԿ϶û취ҵŰģ
ָоǺܵģǼдջ񡱣ֲĲ˼ߡɧһ˰жĹͶץȥκܣ
˵ջ𾪣ʮĹѫͶǵвһεġ
Ҳ˵Ĳ˼ϲֳĻ̾ӵһӴӳڣƽֳлǺܸӣ֡ϡжʵܣΪָȨȫǹ鼩ӣɳٴĹͶģȻҲȷǺŸɣҲûû˵
жǺʧܣֻϲĲ˼ܹȻо֣βˣ
ʱҲܳɫÿóֻ͸ɽ绰㱨
ǡԽԽȨˣû취Ȩָӣֻɽţɲ㡰⡱
ɽȻעŽжĲ˼ȥʱǽͷöжûץ֤쵼ҲýϵͳϼýͣҲû취϶ʧˣֻץʱư
ɽû뵽ƺϹ֡ҪȥֳѧѧĲ˼Ȼķ֤ˣĿ˵ӴֱЩκĸо
Ĳ˼һֱĲҡտšѾͷ͵ǡƿŮӣôôһͣ
Ĳ˼ĸĲ۾ͰкɽæĲ˼̫գϵͳĲʼҪСӰˡֻŮĲ˼ӦʵģСŮ˼СܸɣҲִƵĲϼӴҵţĲҪȥĲ˼͵ûҪܺܶ෽ĥ
ؼڵĲ˼ǷݶĶûУĲ۾ҲΣ
еĺɽҲôաĲ˼ģǡǡʱУĲ˼ѾһιˣϴȥƷķҳ˹Ŷ˰棬ʱΪã
ڿɽҲЩˣһ˵ٺãпһ٣ٶײˡ
ϵжĲ˼֣Ǳһȴ󽱵ĲƱҪһٱ
ɽϸһǸӳֳ֤ûУ
ȷ֤ɣİٹ
ãããɽһ˵á֣ЦŴնӻɣ쵼㱨빦
Ǹӳ壬ش𣺡֣ǿûаⶼ˼һ˵ĹֻͣԱ߰һʹ˰ѣҪ˼⣬ٺ١
һȻ֪ʵҲ̲סüͷһ壬˵Ĳʹ죬
ʣĲ˼жСԤıģҪȻпô׼
˵ⱳʤİָӣĿĵȻҪһ
Ȼ䣬һǻĺ׳־ʱЩܵĲ˼жʤڰָӵĻҪֻ»Щȷˣ
־ְֲֳֻһѡˣֻĿǰ˵İʵǿʤнⳡ͵ĻǾΪӷ˲٣˵ʮ껹һж
Ĳ˼ԲɣҲ˵ŽѧЦķԸŴ磬鷳ǵϰɣҪллˣԷ
˿ˣŽѧһ˵һ߲ݿͧתĲ˼ذʱҲõȳʲôָʾˣ


55 ů
Ĳ˼ϰ󣬳Ȼζʱ顰ɹежԱæҲȡæ˲һĲ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼ͻȻжһͷˮﵹ϶һʵǾΪĲ˼ǡбרΪ̾ģҲɹˣжλһһٶжԱĸ֪ôӴĶƷĲ˼緢ֲҵģ
Ĳ˼ϰ󣬼ûעþ뿪֣ʯС·ȥ˹·󿪳ȥ
Ĳ˼һ߿һ£ЦݣʱҲɽ绰㱨жΪ֪ɽ˵ʲôȻбɽ㱨
ȷʵˣĲ˼翪ųûصɽĵ绰ʹˣ
˼磬ѾͷҸͻϮҪǸ󹦣绰ɽûĲ˼˵͹Ц˵
Ĳ˼·ôشǳЦ֣εжʵӵİţ˺ܴ󹤷ǶõϢò¶ֵˮݣܹ鶼һսߵˣ˼ֻҪưֻҪܸͭǼѹֻҪܸͭǴͣ˵ĵʧǲҪģԲŰȥ
úúãɽԭͻ²ô򵥣˵Ĳ˼绹ûôĳǸôǿǻ¾ʤİţ̾ӺͼԭǿЩҲһֱѹ̾ӣĸҲΪǡǿġ
ϣҲʤǿʮʤѾʮˣϼ쵼Ҳγ壬ͽж˵ġơ͵һأ
Ϊ̫עĿˣٹĶƷȫеġ󰸡ˣ˵ָӡʤζѡ
ɽǱȽ⣬Ĳ˼ô˵ǾʤֳܵìܡҪӵ˽ԹѹУ䡱һӲŹ֣ʤ涼û¶ܴԼС
ʤǳɽ쵼쵼ٲ˵ģֳܵùڲûڧǺ£
ϸдһݱ棬罻ңҽҪټѵԱҹʣ׷ˮ
ãĲ˼ӦһȻֻһƫͷһһֱŵһȥ
ˣһţ䵱̣ˣȥ˯⣬ӵҸԼȣ֪ģȥǵĺ͵Ϊֹ
Ĳ˼硰ٺ١һһ˵֣ĸ˲ͷأĸ˲¶ͷǸˣĹһһˣҰ׼ڱҶˣ
һЦҲûлش۾ų⣬賿ˣʱĹ·һƬڣʲô
Ĳ˼Ц˵ҷʵ̫ǿˣʵǸưĳҵܰٹͣƸİӾΪհʵ£
ҲˣҲľһڻؾûչǵ£ҪæҵĹҪǮڣпյʱһΣ
Ĳ˼˴˺˵ˡǵģ
֮ǰȷ˵Ļ˵ΪΪģȷҲҪģƼ˵һæˣɣֻҪӦæֻҪڹؼʱ֣Ҳǻ£
ͻص䵱ˣĲ˼ЦĿо֡
ڵ䵱ſվ˺һ󣬿Ĳ˼ĳʧкͳԿŽȥ
Ƶʹоۡ趼ϴ͵ڴ˯ˡ
ڶ˯оͱ˽ѣһڴǰľȻϰţ򶫣
һϽţ壬졭ˣ
ţ򶫿˿ֱŵˣпˣ
һһô˯ŵˣ
ĺˣһ˯ֳţŽ𴲣ΣϽ𴲡
ţתȥߵſֻͷ˵п̸⣬ϽݲкҪʧ񣡡
εЦŻش𣺡õĺõģϴȥݲ裬Ͼͺã
ţ򶫵˵ͷֳȥź˼¿㣬ٶȵϴּϴˢֲʱ䣬Ȼȥݲ衣
Ϊţ򶫲û˵мλˣȵˮ˳ȥ
䣬ţһ˵ŻϽѲˮȥСĵķŵ輸˵Ȳ裡
̧ͷʱһۿǸ˵ʱǸ˾Ȼ̸棡
Ȼ֪ţ۲̧üĶ˲裬һڲ衣
˿վڱϺţ̸һȻԵõı飬Щʹ족
ţҲһڲ裬ȻЦ˵֣ϴθ㿴ƿ˵ǣҸ㱣ûóˣ绰˵ٿٺⶫǺǣ˵ʮ㣬ǶеģҲͲ˵ⶫм۾ʮϣҿǸֵýѣԶʮͶʮɣ˸ٶǮҲ
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û£Ҹ̸ֻʲôǮţһȥҲ̸ǮǮģ㼸ʱȥ٣ֵΪһŲ
ţһ˵һƿ˳ڵﻹûƿƿβ󣬾͸ƿ࣬ףƿðһɫǸö
ǱĿˣʲô˵ţ򶫵⣬ҪôôԼֻǴ򹤵ģѰѹءԿϵͺá
ǡ桱ʹ޲ˣţ˸涫ӱŨȿⶫļǮ
ŶƷҲ֪ģҵľǡŲǷΪŶĽ׾ǿǷĻˣԷ˵ͻᡰˡǸԼ鷳ҵ͸һ˹̨͸Ųģ
ţ򶫾ȻֻͬʮֽʣµǮԺʲôʱԣⲻƽ׸ţͺô
һҲЦǺǵֱǵͷߵһƤõϥȡʮϵֽĳƱһһһʮ
ţ֣ҾͲˣʮֽʣµǮһȥȥȡ͹
̲ס˵ţ塭

ѻ˵ţ̧ͷ־˵ȥɨһµ棬ⶼɨһ飬ҿҳˣ
һ㵣һֱøɸɾģһȾʲôҳ
ţ˼Ծǲϲţ
һʹԭǰԼţ򶫵Ĺϵá̫áˣֻǸ޹ؽҪСɫţ򶫶һ㣬ҲܰԼˣôֵõԶ


56 ϵڱ
һᣬһʧ䣬Щһ֮
룬Ǿú£ô˵ţǵʱҲûȨȥҪţ򶫲̸ܸ
˵ţҲûаߣǺúҪ֪ͼȻҲҪģжг𱨳Թ
ЩҲͳĬĬĬ£Ŷȥţ򶫸̸ʲô
ţ̸ЦԼСʱ͸ţ򶫸ǣʮ鸶ġڡƿӻȥ
ȥʱûį䵭һֻԼô
񱦳Сĵİװƿĺӷλϣ⣬Ǻģĵ䵱⣬ڱм֪ʶһ֪ģΨԡһЩ
ţƿȷʵǸöóƿʺܲδȻʲôƷʮֵģΣʮļҲǲģ
ţ̸⣬ԭҲҪƿһⶫСġˣţ򶫾ȻˬľʹӦֻڶʮļۣ
ʵԼţû۵ʱţͻиʮϵļλȴû뵽еļۻҪһأ
ȥʱ򣬼ǰѵȫֽˣҲʮǮ
Ҳǻ˸ԺȺڣŲҲˣλ񱦶ǿ̡ʮҪȻԲӵ³Σ
ʮǮԼҪ˶ʮʮ򳵣һݵĳڣʣʮֽΪʽʣµʮǮŮհŷŸǸġôʮʹ˷ˣ
ȥţ򶫵ʱûŻἴʱõǮʮǮȫϣΪľ¶һʱֽġӡ
ƿӵǶʮ滹һòţûҪһҪһֽǮһֽǷûһžѶߣȥϽ˰ƿת֣ȻûǮţʣµʮ
³ȷʵˬ汾ǲÿģĵ䵱ţ򶫵Ӷͬһ֣ף·Ӿ͵ݵһǿġ
ʹȥ涼ûֱӻص꣬ǴһһȦӻȥں̵ƴȺʱУ˵вŮ߹̲סѳ˸ڣǼŮӲû˦ûһۡ
ЩȤ̵˶˿ĳͰȲžϽӹȥ
ѳͣԼҵĵ䵱ǰ˳װƿĺӣϥǹ˳ţٺһĽرӣ
ڵصĻֶ飬һſûͽе飬Ѳ輸ʰһ£ҪڷŶ
顰һûȥʰ輸ǸϽǰ壬Спˡ
һ̧ͷһ輸ߵɳˣʮߣһϤúܣȻ
ϣһʱЩңϽѺӷŵ̨ϣȻЦĿȥתͷַԸ飺Ͻݲ衭
ҡͷЦòãСѾϺòˣϰŻ𣿡
ǰǰҡЦֱǵͷôС갡Ǻǣλǡ
һߣλھǵֱϰ壬ҲղؽʵңͭǣҲûʲôöܣɴ߱ͭǵĹ͵䵱̣Ƶʲôʲôɣ
Ŷϰã棬桭ָϽֱһ֣ѣݵλȻͲ˵ˣߵòֹһΣ
ֱ΢¶˵Ц⣬ϰã
̲֡ĸо沢Ǯеλ˵ȻСʱԼҲһף
ٸϼ䣬һ鵽̨ոմĺӣһ漴һϲȥ˹Сĵķŵ輸ϣһߴһЦŶҵ˼£ϣϰ壬պãҴһղǶ߼Ū˸δƿϺϰ忴ô
ŶҲãӦһϻóˣȻȡڷϵƿ
ЩţȻȽ϶񣬵ȴ㲻ö֣һȲҲʮҪ˵ƿǼٻû֧ţʣµʮǮʮˣҲʮǮԺܽţ
ϺܡࡱҲ˵ǹ۲ʱġ桱֮ޱ飬ĺܽš
Աŵֱƿʱסһ˵ƿҿɣ
ЦЦСĵİƿݸ
飬ƺ͡ȡ˵û˵۾ͲȫģǵýŵĵȺţһ㵱ֱƿ滹Ǽ٣Ϊôһʾ͵˵ʶǳ
ֻܵˣʱ򣬳Ĭǽ𰡣
ֱʿĶ棬ϵıǡá˼
Σֱʲ̧ͷ棺ϰ壬ƿأô˵ء
һ㶣ҲʵôǼ١ٵİɣ
ҿû˵ǼٵģֱǳЦش𣬡˵ƿ֬һ֣ϵȵϵĲΣĩʱҵĵƷ˵ֲһЩԴεȱ㣬֪ϰ˼תֲ
ʱһģĳһڳֱֶʣϰƿ˼ҡϵҲӦ˵ôȷʵ˱Ƚϸߵļû
ֱ˵޷ֱһ֣΢Ц˵˵ǮԸóɣֱ˵Ǯ
ЩǮúúĥһ£˵ֱֱĲҪˣ˵ҲУû׬ͷ߿ǲܸɵģԥ˺һӲ˵ϰ壬ƿȷʵ˸߼ŪģҾá۰ɣ
ȥ滹סûֱۣʳۣȻپŲ©Լĵף
ֱҲȥһ²˵Ҳãϰ壬ɣҸʮ㿴۸в
ʮ򣿡
һ漴ָֻƽı˵ʮҾû΢Щ롭ٲʮɣ
ֱʿھʮϲϻǿסܱ¶ϲ⡱Ӳļ롣
Ȼ˼ҿļ۳ԤϣΪʲôٳʤ׷һ£
ֱֻʿȷʵϲ񣬶ʮĶûһСʱת־Ѿǵʮת۾ܾʮĺң
ѹֽһ۾ֵ˵׼


57 
ӲͷƤ򣬰ѼǮӵʮģֱʲͬ⣬һʮʮɣ׬ˣⱾּۻ۵ģҪΪʲôҪأ
ֱһǺһЦͷãʮʮɣˣ
ֱһ˵һߴߵȡһ΢ͳ˽ҳȻ棺ϰ壬鷳˺ṩң
˴Ҹ̫ͻȻֱûٻһ¼ǮͬʮļֶۣЩµĴӿǮȡ˺ü²Űп
пݸֱʺ󣬿˺ת˵ĶʱȻûڡˣղΪʲôûнСʮ򡱣ߡʮ˰ʮ򡱣
ֱˬӦı飬ǸǮֻ½еٸҪֻΪϲƿԭļֵôߣֻ򣬿ʧˣǻѳڣʱҲ˼پܾ¼Ӽˣ
һεˣɲˣ㶯һ¹ϵɵľ͡
ֱת˺ܿ٣һӵʱ䶼ûУֻ͡һ£óһȻ˵Ķţ
ʮԪһֲ
ȻЩûڽˣѾ׬һǮʮ⼸һ̶ܺͣһСʱͶһ࣬Ȼϲ
ƿûüϸоһ¾һתֳȥʮǮ׬ƺԺģǮ̫ˣ
ֱתˣպȻȡһƬݸ棺ϰ壬죬ҵƬԺкöֵĻʹҵĵ绰ҾԻԱͬиõļ۸չ
ûû⣡ӦţֱʵƬдͷκܶ࣬ǰ棬ͷдǡղЭ᳤ܻ滹ʲô⻪Э᳤֮ͷΣһݣǶоֱǸο˻ġѡ
֣ʱеźʱ仹мСʱٴȥطֱʼѾɣҲӦûʲôöó˵ȥĵطܲջ
ϰ壬Ͻֱƿͳȥԭ뿪ֱʺģſڵ·ߣһѾͣ·ߵĺɫ˹˹Ŵ򿪹ţһ䡰͡Ļû˵
ȻԼĵȼθ࣬һʾ׬ʮ򣬵ﻹ׵úܣֱֲε˻ʮ߰˼ԶѹͲһϣôȣûñȵģ
ֱ뿪ϻصｻ飺㿴ŵ꣬ҽ컹ЩҪ죬綼ᵽҵ绰֪ͨ
ּȥУʮȫȡ˳йԱһƷʮֽװá
ΪȡʮһʴĿйԱ뵽˰칫ҵģ˶ӿ鷳
滹ûһʮֽĴĿﻹ˷ֽţо͸ϽȥѳųúһȻŰƷƿһǣһϵֽİԪƱˡֱ
ٿһĸ¥ãȻ׳־ͭǾ£һжжȻˣ׬ʮԺȻͻǧٸʮ׬ֻҪ̤Ȧӣ̤Σ׬ǮѾˣ
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ԭΪ˵ʱƺ־õΡ͡ˣ
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ЦǵȻãûû̸ʲô⣿ٺ١ţϰ壬Ժʲô⻹໥չ˰
ǵȻţЦŵͷȻƺʲôϽ˵֣ôһ˵ҵ˼
˵ʱţ򶫻飬ƺǵһ
һҲСֽŵĵʣţϰ壬ʲô£
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һ㶣ʱʣʲôö
ţϱ˵ǼԪ໨ƿԪҤ
˴ȴƺ£Щ˷Щ˴ʣԪԪ໨
ȻԴ㶮滹ǺŶ໨ɵļֵͭǰһףһ廨ƿǧİʮĸ߼۳ɽۼģʱһţ˵໨ɣǼ˷ܣȻɻ໨滹Ǽ٣
֣ҽţվҪ䣬ֽһտţҸϰ̸飡
͵͵Ӧһ˷ȥį䵭飬˷УСɫѾĹעˣ˵ûסûȥ
ıңţ򶫰еĵƶ򿪣õģȻֽϣŴ򿪱䣬ӱȡһһߵɫƴƿ
۾ƿ໨Ȼôǰ໨ɿ֡ĿĸоƿһצСͷϸƬܲצ̤ƣýر͡
⡭ҪǮų֣һţ򶫣ȻУȻϰԵѹ˵
ţ֣̾㣬һϹ˼ƷҪֽղôǮϼҴӦң˵Ļ͸Ұٷ֮ʮĳɣ
ԽèצץΪţ򶫵ĻƺĳƱ


58 ໨
׿˶ټ룿
ʼ׷ʼǮţŻش𣺡Ϊǵ˽ȻģԼм۵һֹҪ
ţһ˵һֱȻһƣ򣡡
򣿡
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ţνЦ˵û£Ҳ˵˵Ǯ׬¶Ż˵˵Ȼٸ͸ϢȥⶫǺǣɲȥҲ֪ǵϵĻһǧҪû£û£
浱Ȼ֪໨ƷĻҪֵǧϵļۣôյóĿ
ʱţϵֻȻˣͳ˿Ȼˣϰ尡Ǻǣã绰һء
һ˵ţ򶫾סֻȻЦ֣Ᵽҳȥ绰
úúã绰֪ţ绰Ҫ˵໨ƿ⣬Ҳû취ֻȥ˭Լò
ţ򶫽绰ܴЦǺǵ˼ݶõڵ绰ｻ̸ƺǸĽ̸ûһСʱҲýСʱӡ
£ϵ໨ֱǿȻ뵽ôЩƬ߸Ǹֱʴ绰Ϣһ£
ǻ˵绰Լһͽסȷ̣ƺֿƮĳƱ
뵽ϾóԼS5ֻգӸλ˸ȫ棬ְѴƿһŵײƬ
յĶʵúܿ죬ʱ䶼ûһӣƵĸоȰֻ󣬲ţ򶫻ߵĵкǺǵĽͣ˿ûͣ˼
һЪһƽϢ룬ͳֻѸµƬòŵķʽֱʣȻָһ֣ϰ壬ҸոյõһֻԪ໨ƿҰѲͼƬһ£ϰû˼
Ѷŷָ꣬Ͻֻ˿±ţ򶫿ţȻڴ󽲵绰
ֻֿ໨ƿҪ˵ƿĺôֿ
ӣţȻûͣµ绰˼ĵĴ˸ǷоЩ⣬Ȼַֻ绰һ
Ȼعֻ桰δ飬鵽ֻġֱʡʱһ㶣
˺üӲԭֱʸص绰ˣ
ȻֱʽӵϢ磬û뵽ֱʻô绰
Ͻ˽ѹʣϰ尡Ǻǡҡҡ
ֱû˵ʹĻ˵ϰҿ㷢ͼƬ鷳ļŻƺ͵ײĴͷƬңһٸػ
˵ĻᶼûУֱֹ˵绰ֱڵ绰˵ĻȴǺˡ
϶˼ˣϲϽְֱʵĻ˺öдƬȥȻǵȴ
ֱ֪ʻô˵ҪĻܸǮҪǳĻǿ϶׬Ǯˣô
Ǹţ⻹Ļ׬϶һһ룬и⣬Ǿǵţ򶫻˽ģȻֻǽܿ˶òǮϻΪʲôͲһ⣬һ׬Ǹã
˵ţ򶫸죬ֻҪ绰һûңʾͻܵţȥһǮ䲻£
Ψһ׬İ취Լ໨ƿܴյ
Լֻʮ򣬾ĽʮҲֻʮһأ
ֱֲ֪ʻ᲻ҪⶫֻǿԼȥƬѣûۼûۼĶ˭ܱ֤һҪԼҲô
ԥԥУֻˣ׼ˣõǰһ磬ֱʵĵ绰ػˣ
˿˶ȻԺƽƽ˵ϰ壬ô
ֱڵ绰ҲûתĨǣϰ壬ȷʵԪ໨ɣҪˣһ£ȽҪԵд׺Լǲд˽
һԷȻǸ֡Ⱦ˱ȽϹؼ⣡
һ²Żش𣬡ϰ壬Ҳʵʵ˵ɣⶫѴӵϵģ˽
ţˣֱ˵ϰ壬Ԫ໨ĹҾͲ˵ˣȻĶ϶ףҲ˵ⶫǼ۸ͻһ벻ֹĻܸһǧ˽šֻ˰򣬵ȻϰôˬѣҿԸŰʮô
šŰʮ򣿡ͲˣֱʸŰʮôļǮ׬٣
ıǮǻʮȷʵ붼ûģţƽ֣Ҳ÷һʮ
һʮǰʮ궼治ĴĿ
һʮ򣬿ɲһʮ
һ˲У˾ҪԣΪֻҪһ߼ʱ䣬ôϢʮܹ˰ɣ
ʮϢ˶Ҫʣ
Ͼһˣ
ôϰ壬ˣǡһǧˣΪ˽ֻܸһǧ򣡡
ûػ绰ͷֱ˵ˣ˵ǡ١㹻ˣֱû˵ĻᣬԼټʮ򣬼ȻǼǮĻȻͲᡰܾˣɲǮ࣡
ðɣһǧһǧɣһ߳һ˵ϰ壬Ҫʱƿʱף
ֱʳϰ壬ڻؾˣͭǣ»ᵢпչɣȸתһĶʱ䣬нףһǧļǮ֧ʣĿ
˵ֱʻҪȴһ򡱵ĶѾϲüЦˣּһ⣬ү׬һǮүҪһʺƣ
Ŷס
ֱ䣬Ȼ͹˵绰ֻҸģһĶֵüֱͿҪըˣ
ʱţ䲻ĽˣЦʣ֣ʲôֳӣ
Цݵ𣿡
㿴졭ţ򶫱ȻһƣЦ˵ѳƬˣ⻹֣
ǺǺǡ
ȻԼı飬ʵ̲סЦû취ֻЦ˵ţ֡˵ЦˣҸ̸£໨ƿҪˣǮٷһŰɣٷһЩ


59 һ
ţ򶫶ʱһŻش𣺡֣Ϊ㣬Ҿ˸ͦϵɣҰҿԳĳǲݲҪˣٰºĥһĥһһ㿴ɲɣͲˣ
У໨Ҫˣһİƣҧ˵˺ݻ
ʱִֻϢְֻ͵һۣﻳǲֱתǮˣ˿ֻϵĶϢһȻ˵Ķţһһֲ٣
Ʒʮֽ𣬽໨ɵʱȻҲǴ˽˺һҲ˵˵һʮֽ𣬻ʮ
ȻͬǸ֣ʱȴǺƣûʮҲҪȥǮϽڶʱڰɣֱʴӾͭǵʱϾܱ򼶵ĸˣ
ǿвƱͷеĿвƱͷǵжѣ׬ǮȴƺѴ֮
ǣֱʾȻǶûеľֱӸתһһ򰡣Ŀͨ˶޷ĿȻô׵Ĵ˺ʱԼ⣬ԼǮˣֱûǩʲôԼվݵȵȣȻҲκβԼ
һ㣬ȻҲ뵽ˣ̰һΪֱʺ׬ɵӶֻҪһҪ
ţʱҲЦݵ˵֣ʹ죬໨Ŀҵ治ҲҵĶҲӲһʣԡ
ֱǵͷ֪֪ţ־ͲҪٽͣȻңҲܲˬЩɣţ֣ʱǮڵκʱ䣬ҳǮʱнףв
ţҲ͵ĵͷӦã֣ⶫҾ͸ˣȷб˵ҪȻ˵ˣǱ˾ٸߵļҲˣͼľǸʹ죡
üЦĻش𣺡ǣͼĶǸʹ죬ԸǮǮҲɲʹ£
ţ򶫰໨ְȻЦ֣ͷİɣⶫҸţģûҪⶫҲнף
Ҫˣ浹Ǻԥľ˵ˣȻֵֹţ֣²˳٣ϻȥ׼ǮͲȲˣ
ǺǺǣ㣡ţҲЦǺǵĻ񣬲ֶһ棺֣и¸һ£Ǿ໨˸ˣΪ˽ĽȫҪֽ𣬲תˡ
ԥľͻشû£ֽֽɣֻ΢鷳һ㣬û⣬⣬˽׶ֽеģҶ
ӱҳȥڵëϸų̀ŪһȾҲûЦŰڰַԸɣţϰǸˣúɣ㣡
ͷûӦĺãҲССʧָţ򶫸ǡ
ϳĵһ£ǰƷŵϣûѧֱ֧һʡ𡱣ţּԸʱ䣬ȻҪʱ䣡
ʱҲûȥ䵱̣һ߿һͳֻӺŮһͨ绰ڵ绰ûκɣ֪ͨźŮϻؼңҪҪ˵
صҵС¥£ѳͣ¥±ߵ·ϣȻ󼱴Ҵҵ¥Ϊ޵ݻͣ¥ϣ˸ɺȥһ׵ݵԪûסլˣݿɲˣ
ˣʱѧУߺ󣬼ûССˣŮջϰ࣬ҲѧУûȻոմ绰ûôͻ
װǮƷŵ˲輸ϣȻȥһ£һ裬ֵһɳЪϢ
Щңߺ󣬼ɻ˾ûˣŮַſڵǧ𣬼¼ɣҲЩƢڵʱһ˼ȥָţūʹ
˺ڵʱ򲻾ã˺ŷֺЩϰߣȾǼ³˶ûŮɲܺģذúܣǽӡ೾ԼŶò˳ۡ
ٲ˳ҲԼ֣ǰһǮóһһڲ輸ϣʮʵİһ輸˱泩
Կˣ֪Ż褻ˣһɤӣ׼Ҫʼ㡰ݽˣ
һ߿һ߾ֹţܣǳʲôˣô֣绰Ҳ˵ò岻ģҪһɡףôôôǮ
褱ֹţֻǽһ̧۾Ϳ輸ĳƱһ㶣ס档
ŮҲǸһģһ輸ǮҲ˷Ŵ󲽹ɳһ飬һ߿һʣ֣ôǮ
ְԱһ֪ЩǮǮǼٵģһ֪жĿˣЩǮֽţһһһʮϾʮˣ
Ѳ豭Ⱥһڲ裬ȻŵҡԴ˵׬ģͽһⴿ׬˶ʮֽ𣡡
ʮ򣿡
ǻ褺ĸŮţͬĶ˳
𡱵źŮŹһЦп˲輸ϣЦôֽпﻹһأҲֽûʱȫֽһأ
һ򣿡
һ£褺ĸŮŵʣ
׷˼䣺֣ôǮĪ˰ɣ
⻰Ȼ˵ЦģȻҲ֪ϰǸҲûǸ
ЦѾͷôϰ֣ٺ٣ǰɣҽһⴿ׬˶ʮ֮ǰǱǮ֧һʮֽ׬ĶʮټǰʮǮͷһʮֽˣӣŮǿɶŵҵڶϾ׬Ĵ򣡡
ձϰֵĻŵôһʱ벻ͨ滹Ǽ٣ʮֽǲٵģҲ˵֣ǰʮĿʵʵڣʵʵģ
ӻַԸգŮ㿪Խֵ˻鿴жǮ
ãȻ֪ϰֵ˻򿪵Ժ˺š
ϰֵ˺ûʲôǮ֪ģʮǼһֽŷϰ˳ʣʮֽʽ𣬶˺ֻмǧӡ
˺һնʱһһϡϰ֣㡭ôǮ
ո˵һ׬˶ʮѾղˣ˵һ׬һϵ⣬лգʹҲûûܣԣһǴĵģ


60 ջ
պ褶ΪǸʲô¡ҪȻŪһ
˼ˣ󲿷ʱ䶼һ׬ǧ飬׬һҲǧ飬һιһζûй˵һ׬˶ʮѾ˵ˣû뵽˻ϻһ
պһպȻ˵֣ǮǲŪ˺Ȼ˳ģи˵ģǮǧܶеǮ˶зɱҪεģڳĿɲ٣еĵȻúܣ

һڣЦ˵Ů˵úЦ㣬ϰһǱ˸µĶ𣡡
𣿡պͻ褶ԾķʣʲôҪһͭ
뵽ܼûһڷز˾ϰ࣬˼ҾҪҲǼɣ
ָŲ輸ʮֽЩǮ׬ģǶʲô߰ͷ˵һ°ɣȥţ򶫵ĵ䵱̺󣬿һƿҪת֣䵱Ĳ˵еģһ֪ƿپֵʮϣһţ򶫼Ǯֻ˶ʮҵʱ֧ʮ鶨
һϽʣΪ˸ƿ͸֧ʮ鶨㡭ǶǾֻʮզô󵨣Ҫǿˡ
ʲôӡŮ˼Ҽͷʶ̣ûţʱеһҲ֪֪Ҵ˵ʱֻʮֽţ֪ҵֻֽܹʮ飿ˬúܣ˵ôû⣬һ棬û뵽õ˼㣬˸ǵͭתתʱתҵ棬һȥƿʱ֪ѵʱͳʮƿתˣҾǸ˸ʮǮĶ𣬽ƿûȾͱϵʮˣɵľ׬˶ʮ򣡡
ô׬褺һһ˵Ǯ׬ùģûʲôõĵģǻ벻ͨһʲôƿת־׬ʮ
ҪȡӺŮġͬȻһ˿ѴյǷȱʮһͳţ֪ʲôŶѧúܣʲôС׬ʮǧǶ֣ȥţǶǷʮʱһԺкöҪչң˭֪Ͼ˵ѷ˶ǶǸ໨ɡ
Ů˵סĺһڲ裬Ȼֽ˵໨ɿǼֵǵĺñһ֪ǶֵǧϣȻţ򶫼ǮҺ˵˵ֽһļ˵ˣ
򣿡
褺նסոջϲ׬˶ʮġ޿û뵽ǮûȣȻʨӴ󿪿ȥ۵ĶǲպͿˣ
褸ǽסð϶ҪܼԼȥҸ򡭡ȫ˶ûͷ
סڣ
ˣ۴һȻָŻ褵Ķͷǳ²࣬ʲôӶ֪ô˵Ǻã˵ɣҵĸƿĿ˷ƬȥǸ˵绰˵Ҫ໨ƿһǧ򣬲תһֽ𵱶֪һǶ𣡡
һǧ򣿡褸ŮˣðŽͰ͵ʣϡܣǸ桭ĳһǧ򣿡
㬵˵أ˼ҶתһֽϣһҪǻ㣬᲻һˮƯҪǲҪ໨ƿˣһͲˣӸˣ˵ǲҪ򣿡
褴˰죬ǵͷ԰һ򰡣ҶһЦţһǧ˵ţǶļǮǲƽ׾׬򣿡
˵أһƷš
ڨڨĵܣԲһ㻨ԴһӾըˣһˣΪҺҲĪң
ŴδйĸǸˣˬúܣһֵˣ֪Ҳţ໨ңֻʱǮãҪĿҲ˾ǣ˵ҪЩ飬ͭǣҾĿգ
˵ʱźŮüͷһ壬˵ӣŮҾѹѹţǶҪԼԭֻʮ򣬸պ׬˶ʮʮ򣬼ǿתһ򶨽ܹһʮ򣬻Ƿʮ˵ô죿
һϰЩĶҲˣϰ׬ǮҲǸµģϰȷǸɺͿ£ûĸ˻һȥһŶҲȷôĿԣգۼһ׵˱ɸ̣ͨһӿൽͷôǮ
ܡ˵ͷ˵㲻ǸԼЩ߰˰˵ҲЩһʮ򣬶ɡ
һ˵ʮ򣬵סû˵ڲʱǣ˽ʮһڷ綼¶ԼΪƽʱǮ˸ɾأ
Ҳãʮȱʮã
ʮҲãҵһʮһһʮ򣬻ȱʮ뷨ܽĶ裬ĶǸУֻʱ䣬룬ڽİֻĻҸʮϢѵ費Ǯ
ճ鸸ףȻԥԥ˵֣ҡǵķҵĳȥҲܴʮ򣬵е࣬йϵûͨõǮҵЩ˽˷ŴѣѷͳѺĻҿõʮĳڽȷʵߣٶǰٷ֮ʮһҪٷ֮ʮ壬мٷ֮ʮ
ڰֵѾͷҽ˵׵㣬˵öģ
յͷ˵ã֣˵ɣϰ࣬ǮׯʶģʵڲҲǺƽģ쵼ϢдȻŸͻڵ˼ǣһڵĽһϢʮʮ֮䣬ҽĻõٷ֮ʮʣʮõʮϢʮ򣡡
ϲǺЦ𣿹ˣѾͷİûǮҲˣһŸʮϢ輸أɺãһϰֽʡʮ򣡡
Щĵʣ֣ѷѺʮĻҵʧܻǮǾһˣñʮĸ
泰ŪŮ㿴أҪҪ׬򣿲Ҫ׬ĻҾͰ˼Ҹһ򶨽ˡ
׬ô׬ˣԱһ֣˵ŮȥѺǮҿ²˳٣໨ƿûģô׬Ǯѵ˼ҾͲˣţһӾ׬Ǽʲôӣ


61 һϷ
ʵձĸ׻褵ĸ̰
ո˵ġġֻҲô˵˵ѾҪˣͷĶСģöˣǮͲǲûǸԴûԴĻ˭ƽ׸Ǯ
ֻǸְͨԱ˼ҲŪʲôôģô쵼ˡ
һĴ⣬նϰ֮ǰ׬Ķʮһһʮ򣬳ĸϢʮ⣬ܾ￪ͷԺͬ¸ǰͷͦءˣҲְǸͷĿͻã
ȻģһǾ֧ϰ֣¶ЦϰЦ˵
桰һֱǵͷúúãŮ׬ҶˣǼŷˣϰ񱦣ϰּȻˣԺҲҪһݵĳУˣʮһX3ɣһʮڵʣһ·ӣһ浽ȥһǮͷŰģ
Щˣ֣׬ǮҪҪҲҪ񱦣뻻X3Ҳ뻻ϵγ
ʱյ⺢ӡҪX3ǰֱҪġӡΣ񱦳ȥȻ񻰣˼ƲҪƲȻͲͬˣ㲻֪ţ򶫿ľµQ5ֵĳȻܱĲϰ࣬񱦾ԹˣϾ㻹ǸϰŮӣгݣŷͲˣ㿴ûֻ񱦡
һΣһϲŮĻҲϹ˵ˣǰѾͷȷʵҪӣóɣԺ׬Ǯٻɣ
ʱڻǮ棬Ż褴ӣһοʮòײͬ⻻񱦣ӾȻ˵ʮıû׬Ǯ˵ˣСʵеλҪ׬ģ˵Ҫʮıӻһɿϣ
ձ˱죬˵֣裬Ȼģ뿴ȱʮҲŽõǴͷѵҲӦռͷƽְɣҲܵһʮʮıҲҪʣһͷء
㡭㡭ʱ˵ֱָǴ
ٻŮ⻰Ҳһ־ĴѾͷҸʡԼǰˣĻģڳȻҪֵôҪˣҡҡҲ㣡
ռһҲˣҲһһֹ񱦾񱦰ɣҾ˵ЦӴʹ裬ѽ
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Ȼ֪ԼûСŮһҲͳ֣Ȼ˵ܣŮԣ˵ЦѣҲ棬ͻ˵İ죬ۼҵļҳ¶
һ˵ǡҳƨñһȻˣ˵ȫ֮ǰ˵ķ룬Ȼ⣬ܻӵĺһʮĴֽ֣ﻹܴһʮ򣬻ܻߵСסһӾ˺üôܲˣ
˵Ů񱦲ӣ⳵һڶѣȫȫ³ʮҲ㵵ε͵ĳӣһ˸ŮгӰ
ǡӻ褲ῪҪҲῪضҪˣ⵹ãῪʡһǮȻȫˣ
룬ϽȥѷϹǸ֤˳һŵŮǰŮǷֵĳԼĳǶ˵úã²˳٣ȥ£Ҫڱǰͷ໨û
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ȵȡְŮסգţȫҪֽ𣬶ԷҪֽףתˡ
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ţį䵭ֽҿ㾫ôãһ٣ȥתתɣɢɢģ䳬УԺһ죬ô
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ߣţ򶫲ΪʲôҪߣö˶˵ģû񾭲߸ʲô
Ҳһ㶣ǡţ壬㲻Ϊ̸Ҳ뵢ǵ⣬֪ģ̸һ˶Ƚϲϲҡ
ʲôţһͺٺЦ˵Ȼȥļ̾һ棬ʮ涼һһҲͶ̶̼ʮ꣬˾ҪиĶһҲǰ׻ţ˵ĻţúõסúõĹҪȥ뿪ţҲǲԣõȵ⣬ʱʱȥĶţ嶼㣡
һȦֺˣţ򶫲֪ͷѾСһǧ򡱵ˣĲ˼һ׬طǮûǮûƵʱţ˵ĻǱʾȷʵҪߣ
ţ򶫵̸沢޺øУΪʲôҪߵôҪŸ⣿
Īǡ
Ȼ䣬һһУͷʱһʺţ
ȻôʳֻҪţ򶫶ġذͺãþûĸоˣصǰĸڵʱ
ţ˳־ʹӿһƱҲľ͵ݸмǧ飬ȥʲôʲôҿҲûʲô£ͷһ٣ȥúù䣬ɣ
ãҲܾӹǮڴţ򶫼ȻҪݡһϷ͵ŰϷꡣ
Ҫ뱨ţ򶫣ڵǿ϶⣬˵Ҫôȥţ򶫣Ҫ䵱׬Ǯǲѵģ
ǰʱ䵽׻Ϊ죬ӵеڰ֮УʹҲУкöĶƺ࣡
ӱʼɽȷǽһ󲽣ǸֵֹġΡ֪ʵǻþΪǸ࣬ڿκ嶼ܿʵġǰֻܿ䱦ġܿҲԸȷͿ϶ȥ׼ѰҺͷƷ


62 Ǯ
ţ򶫸ļǧǮڴĿĹһȷʵûҪĶǰ߾ãȥ䳬С
һ߲㣬Ͼǳ鱦װԼۺ͵ѳһ¥ǷװЬεȵȣ¥ǵͨŲƷ
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ݻϣȥĵϾͿ¥ͨڵĳӭĸ֣ǵӡ
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ġ񡱲ѣһϴ÷׷ɵ·ֲǵһˣ˾ͼ顱кǶûС
ڣϲ˵컨׹һᣬʲôԼϲͺãҪǺʡ
ֻҲûʲô̫Ҫܴ绰ܿʱͺãڵֻ͵ģܶ˿صǹܣصȵȡ
һ̨ۿǸר̨꣬ȫģĵƹԵøûʵģҲѹ̨ĸʽֻյ
ͽĹ̨ǡһЩǵе͵̨ͣŮԱе죬еڿֻûһкǵ۹⣬ġˡǿˣǹѣۿãۿöϸ£ǲģΪûǮ
ŮԱǸû֦չüĿ续̨ŮԱȻʣֻǮ
һŮԱڻشSM-G5308Wֻ˫˫Ǯһǧٰʮˣ
ƺ򣬿ҲͲǮڹʽһ˵꣬Ȼšͷȥͬ˵
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ŮԱԽ϶ûǮģ˵ٶ඼ûãֻǹ񫣬۵Ļһ˵˱⣬ûһۣȻͬ˵ͬҲһı顣
п⸱Ʋˡı飿룬רĵ꣬󣬸ǵ棬ҵĹֻ̨ס
˵ת͵˶Ĺ̨ߣ̨ŮԱЦľʣҪʲôĻͣϲʲôĿʽ
û˵ǹ̨ǸŮԱ˵꣬ҸģûǮʲôֻ򣡡
ҲûǮ򣬶һĿʲôöĵģ㿴·˼ϴõĲǿʽϴǸˡ
˺ߣ˲춾Ů˶ᣬԼ޹ʣҲ޳޺ޣһˣøǼƽϡ
ʱǵġȴⲻˣ
ҲͷǣָƻֻǸ̨˵С㣬ƻ³Ŀʽʲô
ŮԱܵƻ6iphone6iphone6plusӦǵǰõֻ֮һֿʽĵߺӢ𣬲֪ϲһ֣
ЦŵͷþУܰɣ
ô˵ǹ̨Ů֡͡һЦǧͨ𣬻Ҫȥ6ͲӶ⣡
ȻװûȻõĿŹֻ̨
ǰŮԱȻҲ𣬿ܲ򣬵ϰϰ࣬ǹԻǺܿĽʽĻʵӲǺܴ󣬲6piusӲһЩʾظһЩΪĻϲĻȻһãϲСһľ6Ҳܲ
ЦЦԼʲôֻ
ŮԱһһ죬Ȼһ»شõiphone4sΪˣƻֻϵͳȷʵãȰ׿ϵͳãȻҪǵǼǮ
ָӢiphone6pius˵ʽҪǮ
ŮԱͷֽţiphone6piusɫɫɫɫĿʽĿǰ˵ɫԼǮûʲôӰ죬ҪڴأСڴ16GB6088Ԫһ̨64GB6888Ԫһ̨128GBģǵĿǰû
Ǻãָiphone6pius˵Ǿ64GBģ̨ٿһֻ롣
ŮԱһ㶣ҪҪ̨
ĻܳԾĵŮԱҲ죺Ҫ١ҪƭҪpius˵һһҪ̨
ʵһֻ̨֣ҲټǮ˴ѣĻǧǮҲ㲻ʲôһҪ̨ͺֺܳˣ
ֻ鱦εȵ͵ĵԱƽܡѵǡʶˡŮ٣ţ飬ɣεȵȸֱǡǮˡǡͨˡӶصߴҪġ
򵥵˵ϾԡΡȡˣ׻˵úã˲ò񣬺ˮɶòȻǰٷְٵ׼ȷ
ǵŮԱȻ۹ףߣڡϷŪҪ
ŮԱȷʵܾϲϽ̨һ߽ͬ鿪ƱһֶܵǴƶͨţҰѺøѡһ£ÿ涼мǮ͵ʮԪͨ붼Ǵ滰ͺ룬ʮԪһĺ뱾ͰʮǮĻѡ
ֻģŮԱ˵òƣҲŮԱݹĺ벾ڰַԸûкĸĸţŵ֣
ŮԱ˴ɵɵ⡭ĺţ⡭βŵҪǧ飬ŵҪŵٶҪʮϡ
Ǿ͸ŵģԥ˵ʮĺһҲãԺʼⲻҪܶϵ˴򽻵͵ġƬȻԼôرʮǮʲô
ط׬һǧţСԣԺеڶһǧ򣬵һǧ򣬵Nһǧ
ŮԱûϵȻǸˡɵɵȥͬ°ѡšһ158βŵţԤ滰򣬺ת÷ѶʮÿǧĺԼš
ǵꡰŹŮԱֱĿɿڴ
õȻôǮƻ6ʲôʮԪĺѾʮƻ6ֻˣ
ŮԱһãȻŶЦ˵ƱѾą̃iphone6piusŵĺãһǶʮǧ߰ʮԪ
Ҳȥ˵ͳԼп˵ûôֽˢɣ
ŮԱ˿֣˭ôϽֱʮֽǲأЦпˢȻȷϺ룬ǩ֡
ǩֺŮԱֻ̨ƷװˣЦĵֻƱڴˣллĹ򣡡
ӹӣֻȡһڹ̨ϣЦƵǸŮԱǰ
ŮԱһЩҪһֻ𣿡
ҡҡͷЦ˵ԣ͸㣬Ȼ̨ʲô
͸ңŮԱΪԼˣָԼ
͸㡭Цİڰʾ⣺ллкôã˵Ҳ˵˰ɣһֻ̨ллɣ


63 
ٶ𾪵ֻŮԱҲ߰˸ͬºͶǵʮŮԱͳͳ𾪡ˣ
ǵŮԱֻ˶ʮƶţǳӶ˵ǣȻ͸ֻŮԱ
׷ŮǵĲ֣ڵֻʶŮԱһǧƻֻ̫˵ˣ
ĵŮԱǺڵԼͷȫץҪղš顱һ㣬̨ƻ6pius͵˲
ֻЩŮԱľȣĽʵȵȸָУ˴뿪
ڵǸոսǸȻһϴ÷׷Ƶ·ʱӰŮԱûһΪǸˡһǮԵġ
ͷҲûأһŮڵ˵СܿǲǿˣҪȻô͸ƻֻ㣿
Ϲ˵ʲôҡ濴Ҳźأû˵ǡллҡ˼𣿡

úЦﻹǺʹ죡
һΪţ򶫸̸ߵúܡҲһɨգ˵Ҳţ򶫶̸ġΪǲһǲһӣҲȥ˼ƺ뿴̸һҵǿɱģ
ĵѹ԰У˸ľĲƺһ԰羰
ǵǰҲطȴûע⵽ƯҲ֪Ϊʲôʲôá˳ۡ
ƺС֣ڿ˽
⸱гĻУһгͷǰʮԶĵطһģŮڵͷѰʲôŮı龪żеһŭ
עЩӷֹ̫Ĵˣ仨һ飬ôŪء
һ֪ΪʲôżִˣȥǵͷѰҵط״һƵɫð
ѾǺоˣ֪ǡʯıöʯãƾǶ޶ʧˡ
ǶĲƤȽŨܣۿȥȷ䣬ǶްŲƤѰҲûҶԵطȻʹҶ˵طҲһҵõ̫СƤ̫ܣҪǺܲס
ҪûпҲҲöģҪܹȥֱ˵Ҳǲǡһһ߹ȥ
Ƕ޶̧۾ĶȻҵ˺͵͵ߡ
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ЦŰοż϶ڵģҿ
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ȻŪˣ˵ԶҲԶҲһ˵̬ҲĶ±˵õ
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Ӵǰֽ˹ȥֻһ۾˷ܵĽеǡ䣡
ŮҲ˹ϽϹùȥϸȥĿƬ̣ȻִָԸо
ִ˺ֵܺĸоŮ¶ЦݣϹҵ䣬ġҵˣ
ʱŮӲŷ˱飬лСܣллˣ˺һûҵҪǻ֪жżأлл㣡
ԭܡסܡաı飬ʧúת磬ЦǺǵ˵ֵܣл㣬ţͣߣȥԶٷ
ܾûʲôǰһ£ãǵľʼǵģ㲻ҵԼҲ϶ҵֻǶ໨ʱѣ
ߣһҪԶٷһ
ܴԼָϽ˵Ĳȥ磬һЩҪæҪɣ绰Ժпյʱپ۾ۺòã
ӳһ£ܡҲûټ֣ͷҲãǰֻңʱԼ㣡
һԼĺŷܹȥû뵽̫Ҫĺ룬⵹˼˵ԥһ²Űֻ˵˳
ֻֻ룬һʱ˴ʮһ̫˳ˣβţֱ̫ˣֵٳʮϣ
Щӿ϶Ǹͷһòֻ룬𿴾ʮһ֣һеȽγ


64 
ָһƬһۣƬǣФάǡԴ黭װѹ˾
黭װѸпнΪҲǡ桱ҵ黭ʯ̵ȵȣ϶ڡղءҵһѶһ·ڲǸ̤ҵУҪľǡ·ӡ
ФάʱҲȡˣЦСܣʲô֣ʲô
Ҳ΢ЦŻش𣺡ڵ䵱ƣ
ФάЩ죺ֵܣڵ䵱ƣĺٰ˶ϲʱУǺǡ
ФάȻҲǲôҵҲ˵ⷽĻ⣬ֻЦСãҽָƤ춼ûҵһϾҵˣϹոնˣҿ㣡
ֻҪһ˵ʱΪУϽһ£ǺǣҲǴˣҸոҵǸطʱҵۣһǲƤȻͿˣ
ФάĺܸмָˣȰֵܣ˵ȥԶٷǱ˵ģҸͶԵ
Ͻҡ˵лФˣĻ£Ժпյʱ˵ɣ
ФάЩź̾Ϣ˵˵æҲãԺпģ
ǲڸİ˽̸Ȼ֪ԺùĿǰ˵ܡܾʱʵеģֻһ˴š
Фά޸뿪ڴεһ磬ںŸĲ͹һ٣ϲŻȥţѾ˵ˡ
ϴ˸裬һɵڴϣ־úģûӿ뵽ֻ漴ֻ档
ⲿֻʵһ̨ԡһ񫣬ԽԽ𾢣Ĳ˼磬ţ򶫵ȼ˵ֻŴȥȻ˼ƵӰ
úҲ֪賿òԺ˯ȥΪǰһεġ顱˯ǰ趨ӣȻǲ粻ٸպˣ
ûϰߣһϴˢȻɨߵӸպ꿪š
ȵŵӣţҲûҲ绰ŵ꣬ʮӵʱֽ˸͵
һֱڣţ򶫶ûϾŵ͹صţڶȻһţһ춼û¶档
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Ҳ֣Сͼ£䵱ղصģ˵һû⣬ʮûһ׮Ҳ֣Ϊһ׮Ͷҵö׮⣡
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նһܴд͹Ĺĵƺܳ
ǰġϰߡվͻûнУ۵ЩҲԼʹš
һ̽ͷһţϰأ
ǣ룬ǻشˣûҴ绰
ţǿ㣬Щ绰˵ˣдŵһţһƨɳϣһߴһ˵
ֻ͸ţ򶫴绰
ۼ⣬鵽õľȻƻ6piusףֻǮģǡϰģ
ԼǮģ
ȻţҲֻأͷţεϰְʴ˺һû뵽Ȼֻ
Ȼոû뵽ʵ¶Ҳû˵ѹͲ֪
Ϊ⣬ҷŸ˵ѺʮͻҲõóõǮ˳һ
ղ֣һʸģҪۿϰֽŷģȻ۶źһʡôǮǲܽϰȫ
ҲƻֻȻǲԼǮģɳһץдӵһֳŪԼǮǲ͵ǮǮٺ٣ġ
ĳͨţ򶫵ֻȻ˵ţϰ壬ϰ㣬ţ
ڵ绰Ȼǿţ򶫵ı飬ǺƽУ֪ˣһϾ͵
ġ֡һ㡰⡱ûУЩջ𣬵һۺȵûûСģţϰǰԼ䣬ˣһжĶûУ
ٺ١Цһֻס˲ȥΪţ򶫸Ľײ򵥡ΪԼĲǶ١׮⣬׮ûκε壬Ҳƻţ򶫵κ飬ǡж͡ǡ
ռ䵭ǵģ棺֣ô
ŮɣϽƣţϰ岢֪ǵĹϵ֪ҼţϰǸһڷ԰ɣ
պߵ֪ôĶȻţϰߵˣ;òˬ
Ͻգģ¶ˣȰ˺ţϰСӸߣ
ޱ飬ڹ̨һԣȴЦڵҲˣȲ˵ʲô˼ʹϵ˵ǮҲԶԼĶ֣ҿԿ϶Զ١ϡԼĲμ
Ǹţ򶫵ǡĻһ塱ҲûоԵİչƵǺ뿴⵽Ǹʲôġ֡
ţ˵һ˰СʱûոŮԵЩżʱʱֻʱ䡣
ڣ̲סֻţ򶫲绰
ţ֣쵽˺һˣǺǡǼûɣŸպõ죬Լʱء
ţ򶫡һЦַģţ򶫱ûУȴԲȷʵкüϹϵҴӦ֣ζõȵ˵Ѿ׼ˣ̸ˣ
һǰǰţ֣ǿһԼ˵ģţҲ尡㿴Ѿֽһֲһֲ٣أ
ţЦĪ·ͨˣҾ͵ˣ
ŷֻЦŵͷʾȵ
ʱ游Ů˶һǣŴ⣬ġ˳ۡ׵һȥˣԽĵȴţ򶫵ĵ
һţû١ٵûͽˡ
һţ򶫵˾ͼվӭǰЦǺǵĵţ֣ܾˣǺǡ
ţ򶫶ͷʾ⣬ȻַԸѵŹˣҸϰҪ̸
Ը⣬Ųκ˴ţ˵ôһʽǮףǡģԽ֪Խã


65 ³
һȥ˵ţţַԸȥݲ裬Ǻ
һֵţ֣ǾͲôĿˣø㳮鳮ɣ
һ˵һ߰е¶һƱÿ֪һһ
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һڽϣʱҲû˼ȥעǸŮУֻǸ΢СѣֵǷע⡣
һ˵һ߰ѳƱƵţ򶫸ǰҪϽ㳮
ţһִֵĵʲô㰡һ˵õˣ
ţ漴ȥǸ໨ƿС˳һǸƿ۾ͷˣϽӹȥҲҳķǰĲ輸ϣȻϸ۲˶ԡ
Ȼţ򶫲ŪƷǧĶɲСģ
СĺСˣǵϴοʱر˼ϸ΢Сص㣬ʱϸ۲ʱǼطȻϴοȻһⶫϴģ
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գˣǷˣһ׬ʮȻڶ׬򰡣򰡡
սӱڻﱧýģòˣϰ滹ҪԺЩٻСǡڣϰֺͿ㶣˵֣ǻؼϸ̸̸׵ϸڣɲǸ£Ҳȥֱӻؼң
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ڳǲ绰ģȻϾ͸ֱʴ绰ϲջ绰㣬ٶһȻؼҺٰĵ绰
Ҳ£׬ٶ򣬲ô䡱ɣֽ϶ҪڵУġ񡱣ֽҵǰǰ϶ˣġְ͡нǶҵɼĺû۵ġ
иҲһǳŮŮѧûϹȴˡλãΪϰΪ˼ǧĴ
Ů˶šΡ߸˵ĻؼңԼС¥ͣ˳Ȼ³¥ձźӺܽŵŽھӡ
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һھӦˣãǵһҪģȥǵϰ绰裬һھȥӣǲë߷רѡѾװ޺õ֣šסʡòģ
ЦֱǵͷĻ԰һװ޵ƷǴͣһ״͵ķӴԼһʮ򣬼ǮҲʣǵλһͬȥǶһףȷʵû˵ģ
ֱǵͷŮȻšʱȡ۹ĲϲĶûһʱС͡ϵΡӼȻ𿴵ģȻͲ
ڻӵȷǵ֮ʲôʡȴǲʡģ˵һ׬Ǯʵ㹻ࡱӺͳһܹʣٶԼһʽҲʣһʮ£ǰľ붼û̫
յЩȻźӴҲǱϰÿ㣬˼ſýһţȻе裬ţǻˣ
һڼѾּֽŮĽ͸Ͻš
ŮŸһϲɫŽݵɷȻ۵ùǺϵıȴϲһĶʱ˵أ
Ůɷ򶼽ݣ褽ŽĹϣ١ꡱһ·԰ֿźתɷߡ
ܣ顭˳ɣ
ʵɷŮı֪Ȼ̲סˡ
ЦǺǵһַԸŮգѺӴ򿪸迴һ£
ֶһ£עҪСģŪˣֵһǧı
Ѿ˺ӣ褱׼õϺһ£ĻһʱȥһǴƿֻҶſһ߿һʣܣôƿֵһǧ򣿡
ǿɲЦǺǵ˵ܵ⣬ôƿֵһǧֲûǵϰΪԥľ͸ҴһĶ𰡣
褺ĸŮҲΪһĶŲɣû˭һ򲻵
ȸǵϰ绰˵˵һЦһֻ绰ӵ绰ϰ塱Ȼ˳ȥ


66 ǰ
ֻ벦ǡཡæٲһѾǡĵ绰ѹػԺٲˡ
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Цĵͷ񱦾񱦰ɣͬΪѩƷƣ񱦿ɱŷĵθߵ̫࣬һλҲ¿ϰֺ趼ͬ⣬ʱˣ˵ϰֵ񱦻³ᳵһܣӻµҫۣϸ˵ǡá
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һ㶣ָϽͣԶԶԣҿڼԺãʡõıȫ
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صСһڶ˴ӣ۵úٺٺĴһţ褵һ¾ǷţȻ˶ֱҼ໨ƿã򿪹ӻڹٰѺӴ򿪣໨ƿ棡
褷ģЦŶɷŮ˵ǸŮӳˮɣȥ
ѵôдĵһءүѵӴ򿪣㿪˸ƵõĽţҲû˼ȥÿ춼Ҫ׷硱˾ȻҲȥӾˣ˳ĸϰֽš롱·ﻹҪЩʲôҾߣķҪʲôʽʲôӵļҾߣҪƽԵȵȡ
һһӦŮûҲҪһˣЩСȻǲġ
һٷֱеĳնʩչ˸飬ֱһСʱãĲϰڵġ
֮ǰڳ˵ʱ򣬻褻صƿƣרΪϵ׼ģ˵ʵ滹ûȹӵһһں󣬾ζֵֹģֺܡüⶫеģζҲѺȡ
ȴҡűССĺһڣܵ˵֣ɵģȻЩ⣬ζǵǶȰ׾ƵһЩʾǺȲģƺںͷΪܡܶҲǸһ뷨˺ܶƣˮһĸоȷƾһͿˣ
ҲȰź˺üʱȻҲЩΣûĳ̶ȡ
˵ɷ϶ˣŮҲ߰˳ˣָҪǮ˵·
褸Ů֣֪ϴοһǮǧ߰ٶ飬ʱզ࣬ôİڼҲþʲôͬ
ϱư˶úܣ褶֪ưƷװЩͷװоųɶǡٻٵúܣҪǱ˼ٰͼƷװҲû˻˵ĶǼٵģ
Ȼ˵ģҲмΪģ˵褴;û߼ġ
Ůˣһ뷨ȻһˣǰûǮʱˣҿǮˣǧŮװҲûʲô
ƾһֱֱĵɳϣһ˯ġ
Ȼһ㣬һҲˣŮɳϣ褽˺üҪǵȥ˯ոͽвѣֻǸŮˣҲ䣬ɳ˯Ҳ˯ð
褻Ĳ˯ˣŮˣ˯øһ뷨ҪӲŲ˯Ѵƿ͵ߣǶ̫ˣ
ѷʰˣɾ󣬻ϴЪϢɷŮְǰЬӳ̺Ӹϡ
ֻʣһ˻ţûİ飬ֻпӾˣҹкöز׷硣


67 
Ů˷кȶˣһͿ褵ûǵķڼǸֵǧıڿſӣȴָ߶Ƚź˷ܣ˯š
ԭ׷ŵĵӾԣҲҪȴˣȴôҲȥһȥ໨ƿһɷŮĨһ¶ͷһųԵԺġáӾپʣҲǶĻӶ
һֱɷŮҲ˯
浽׾Զմ˹ڿʵȥһˮˣžúЩŮɳϺ˯ӻֳ
ʱ䣬պð˵ӣҲûȥŮţ룬ͳֱֻʵֻ벦ȥôȥǵֱʲˣԥͣ֡
ֻèץһ̲ס뻹̲ס˳ȥ
Ӻֻﴫĵ绰ѹػԺٲ
ֱʻû𴲰ɣǮĸôĴ
ҺֱǹػģҪȻԼôĵ绰ֻ»ǵʱǧҪǵˣҪǰ˾ͳˣ
ҲԲܻƵģΪֱʲҲӵһĶɣһֲһǧ飬һٿ飬˵Ӿˣһ򰡣ͨҲһһԶôǮ
ǵֱ˯Լ绰ȻҲ˵ѾڷɻˣͭأɻǲʹֻģԴͨˡ
˼ţʱ˯˯ˣȥһŨ裬ţþźȲ衣
褺һŴһ˯ƾ˶ûѣְԼǮӵǮȻʣ¶١
УһĨ˽޲ڻǮУոһվ˹ۣͳֻһһ˵ѽŵˣ
ͽ춼˼ٵģΪ˴ϰֽͽ׵£һļ١
֣㡭绰ǵϰûУʱ䲻˺ָϽ֡
˵УѻҲŪˣɷش
㳵ʲôϰ˵˻Լ绰ҵģ˵Ĵϰ壬ҲһСѣϣһִߣһִߣߵģǰ֧һ򶨽أǻ绰Ȼ
ŶմӦһ£ҲûϣȥϴּϴˢҲŮϴּ䡣
ĸŮϴ̸ֹּŻϴˢѾǶʮӺˣʮˡ
ֻ˿ʮֻˣֻû죬ּһǲǿľ񶯣ֻǿģҲûδӵ绰
褼ɷеģ˵𼱣ȥȣֲûʱ䣡
ȥմһȻͳֻѯǵͭǵĺϢ
ֻһκ࣬賿ĵʮ֣ӾǵͭǣɻֻҪСʱʱ䣬˵˷ɻӾǹĻζˣ
ճһºͷȥ֣֣ӾǹĺֻһΣ賿ĵʮֵģͭǵĻ»ൽ˵㹻ˣѾʮˣ֣ϰ᲻û᲻ỹбµˣ
˴°룬ͳֱֻʵֻ룬βȥȴȻδ״̬
ʱһֱţǲڿ᣿˾ϰ壬ҲڻҿŹ˾Ľ飬Ҳ˯Ҳڸɱ£֮ʱûп
ϸϸĻǰֱʸ绰˵ЩǵǺģ˵ҪҪ죬ֱͭǣ˵Ӧͭ˰ɣ
ʮӺ󣬻褶˳弦˿棬ڣЦ˵ϻƣŮϽɣ˵Ȼȥӣ
ԣԱЦĶ˹һڣȻֶ˵֣Ͻ棬ԱҲȥ
ǰǰһЦһ½üͷʹڴڵĳ
һЦտ̸򷿵飬һʱ䣬Ȼʮˣ
ףϰôû绰أһ߳һֱֻʴ绰ԷֻȻڹػ״̬С
ĪĽһоЩõͷܡų⡱Щͷ붼Ըȥ룬ֻòܻСֱʵûҲûе绰һԭб鵢飡
ڼֱʵĵ绰ֻǵȵֱʵĵ绰ûû绰ֻҲһֱǹػ״̬
Щˣһ߲ͣĲֱʵֻһֺ˼ţǲԼķˣ
ʵ̲סˣ˸绰ΪֱġѡҲǸġ
ι𡭡һ¡
绰ǲͨˣϽ˵˻
ʲôŶǡϰ壿
Ͻش𣺡ǵǵģҾ棬ϣһλѣϰ壬ֱϰ¡
Ҫ˵һµģӣʹ˾ǼԲãˡ
һ˵ǸĻһֽȥϰ˵ˣ㷢ƬרѼˣ˵໨ƿ浹ģмֵԪ໨ͨҤĲƷļֵֵֻʮңҪˣȻҲҪ˻һĶ𣬱Դ绰˵ģΪ¼ûʱѾ˰ɣ
ʲôһǰһڣûһˤ
⡭ôܣͣͣ漸ǽ˹ĽԪ໨Ʒֵһǧأôֵֻʮ򣿻У⡭ϰôܻ᲻ҪأϣǡڸҿЦɣһڸҿЦ
棬ֵҿЦôҴˣ㰮ŲţУٴ绰ң
˵⼸仰һӾ˵绰
ţ⻰ģôܣֱһ򶼲ҪˣӸһҪ
Ҫ˵Ǽٵİɣոոڵ绰˵ˣֵǸǮҪˣҲˣ˼ҲҪԼҲģԼͲҪûʲô˵Ҳû涨˶ľͷǵһҪִУ˵ǡ˽ס˵ϸ㣬ǾڸɡΥ£
һ뵽ЩŶϺˮˣ
죡
ֱʻԼҪһ򶨽С£ûǴˣ
ԼԭǶʮҲˣȥʮɾǴˣ
ʮѺŷͳģʮ黹˵ĻӳӶҪɱ˵ˣⷿӳû˻˵ǻǷ˼ҵġǮӺͳӱǡۡѺǮǵķֵֻʮֵʮ򣬶ѺĳҲôߵֵһͲˣ


68 ˺
ҪǱٶĸǺǱΪĸһ˾ͽ׹ˣôܻóôǮ
Ϊ¼ƸϢģ˵𣬾Ϣѹһˣ˵ˣǵļ㷽ʮһܱǧ
һ˲䣬ʱ˱һ㣬Ҳ˵ˣ
ջЦ֣Ȼȿȿӣ
Ǹ̲סһ໰˳ɫ࣬ץԼͷţģôܲҪôܲҪˡ
Ҫһע⵽ϰֱ鲻Ծʱţ֣ʲôҪǾϰ岻Ҫ˰ɣ
治ŮֱֹôܲҪôܲҪ
պͻ褶ʱо̬ġԡˣǰʵôˣô£
һ˲ƺʮ꣬һɥɳϣ˵Ҵ绰ϰ£ȴ˵ֱȥˣߵʱרԸ˵רҼˣ໨ƿֵǸۣҲǶʮֵĶ˵Ҫˡ
һϽʣ֣㡭˵ʲôǵϰ岻Ҫ໨ƿˣ
ǾɥǲΣٰһϣ˵˵ֱʲҪˣҲͨĵ绰ˡ
ǡɫɷ׵ľͼ֣Ҫˣʮĸô죿дĿޣҪûǮ޼ҿɹ黹˵ñһʸҡҵĹ϶Ҳûˡ
ɲǼ䣬վ͸ܵݵѹܱƵҪ衱˵ѹϰ࣬Ǯׯ̫̫࣬ծ֪ǡ
ֻл褻̬ԣ̽Ŷɷ˵ϻƣٸϺú˵˵ȰһȰϰ壿ǱһЩҪһǧ߰˰ҲУҲã
ܣ˻һۣòײճ֪ƨֱʾĻֱ˵໨ƿֵֻʮ㻹Ҫ߰˰߰ʮҪ㵱ɵӣ
֡պȻ֣һģֱʣСֻţ򶫶һģ˼˸Ȧ׵ء
Ѿݵ̶ȺȻͨ͡ˡ̲סð˳
һȻһĴȣǰţ򶫡̵ģһιһͷһ־׬˶ʮͲҵΣڶξˡ
һ˵һ룬һֻȻ򣬹ֲţǶһ˶ֱʾ͡䡱Ȼ֡պáĶ˲׬˶ʮϵ绰һȦף
ţ򶫣˸ѹͲ죬ȴĪĸӽǰԼǡ˲šڲ֪Լǡɵϡֻն
桰ֱȻ˵ȥţ򶫣ҪǮǮҾͱ˺ƣ
֣ҸһȥҪǮҪ͸̲סݺݵ˵
ԣǮͱ˭ԿҲݺݵĸŮҪ˺ƤһУ϶ţǸԿΪ˽ģΥȣڱȻأ񷷶ĺģĿ϶صö࣡
Ůձ˵ߣģƺţ򶫾ǵ֮һ㣡
һ£ҸһȥƿҲôϣ褸ϽװƿĺӸһ
һڿɱڵֱţ򶫵ĵ䵱̡
ţ䵱УţȻԵõĺŲ裬ԱߴɨĨãǰɽţûиκεġ͸¶ȻҲûʡ
£ţҪ˵ĻȻ˵˵ĻҲ˵û׼ȥĵš
һڵſڳ֣һͷֱܽţںȲ裬ȵţţţϰ塭
뵱ţ򶫵ģţƽıʱûɵľ͡ˣţϰ壬㡭ҵǸʲô˵Ƕֵֻʮ򡭡
ţ򶫵ϰ壬ǽһеģĹ򶼲ղϵľǸһֽǮһֽӮԸҾǮĶһǧҲΪ˵ۣһԸһԸ
ƨ
ţ˵ø޹أ˵ޱɣһðɣţ򶫣Ҹú˵Ǹӣǲ˺ƻ飬˽ңô㻹˵ֻ
֣˵Щʲôһ߸һŭ˵һͳֻ򣬡֣ô˵ûãǲײĲˣֻӲģ
ţһ֣Ц㣡
ţ򶫵޿û·ҪŮװװ򱨾绰ʱţ򶫺·ֻҪǵǮҲˣʱ֦ڣֻƿǮ˻ͺá
ֽ˻˸ʮʮϢҲҪʣһһʮֱʵһ򶨽Ȼǲ˵ģ˵ǻҪ׬һ
ţ򶫺ܡӲЩţԽӲԽûףϾǮûҪ˭Ҳϲʲô
ı˾ڵ绰˵˼䣬Ȼһһ̨˵˵ַص㡣
־׳ٶȻǲյ绰ŹҲӣĽõˣһţ䵱еͣľһŮ
еĶǶʮӣᣬŮһƷӢε񻭶һŮȻĲ˼磡
Ĳ˼ɨһ飬鵽ʱҲûͣ·ʶһ㣬Ȼˣ˭ľʲô飿
滹û˵վ˵ˣ٣ұľұ䵱еϰţΥŶٵĳ߼Ұ֣ʮĶھܲ˻ֽҪ
Ĳ˼ޱţ򶫣ţ򶫣
ţ򶫵˵ͷţ򶫣
ﻹЩ֣Ĳ˼ʶţ򶫵İɣôȫòʶˣԼҲ֪˺öΣүүٳҲţ򶫵ģôܲϵã
ڰ참˿ʶţ򶫵Σ游Ůѭ˽ɣ
ֵǣĲ˼̾ӵˣһ˵˻ϾǳĻɳ񾯣ô
ûɵĲŮܰðοǸôƯŮ죬վĲ˼ߵо˵٣ҪΪţǸƭӣҪץúõʣ
о쵱еһòĻشգãǻᰴƶдĲ
յ˶һƯӢ˵Ĳ˼磬˭ûϵȻǡ


69 Ӧ
Ĳ˼磬ЩɻʵĲǳǹɳҼǵøǷɣ
оͷشˣĲµģյβż죡
ˣĲ˼װòʶı֪֪ģ⼸ְˣ绰˵ǡţ䵱Сʱˡ
ȻڡװţȻͲȥ˵㡰¶ˡ
һĲ˼羹ȻǸٶȻڶԡƯŮˡĲΣĿǰҲû취ֻ󾯷Ǵ
Ĳģձϰֿڲźõö࣬ʱȻҪŽˣָţ򶫾˵ţ򶫣ͬƭ˽ǣҪ
Ĳ˼һɨţ򶫣ţ򶫣λ˵Ķʵ
ţ򶫺ٺһЦȻʵĲ٣ڴмҪһ¡
ţһ˵һߴӲ輸ϵĹ°ȡһļļݸĲ˼磺Ĳ٣㿴ɣԪ໨˰ƾ֤ǰĽ׶˰Ԫ໨֤ļɲǡ˽׵ĹŴɣ
Ĳ˼ӹϸϸ쿴ļǷ٣Ȼ̧ͷպ游Ů˵ǵ֤أʾݣҪǼһ£
պϽ֤˳һݸĲ˼磬ջ˼仰С㣬Ҫһǵֻɣ鷳ӿ촦һ£ҪݺݳͷƭӣҪϽ˻ǵֽɼأ
Ĳ˼粻ͷ˼ǣȻ̧ͷ˵С㣬ܸţ漰ٱû̫ӰͺҾͿͷһ£⣬ţܸ棬˽ܸţкͽ⣬ǾҪǽоѺ飬Ҹ˾ֻ¾ףȰ˽ͽ⣬Ҫִˣ»СС»ˣ
һӾ첱ӵĴֵĽеͽ⣿¾ͺͽⲻˣţҪôǮҪôǮ⻹ʲôýģ
Ĳ˼Ȱͽ˵ţ˼ҺͲͽ⻹֪أʲôףܸ滹ˣ
洭ţʲôܸ棿һƭҵǮ˽㻹˵ܸ棿ðҿǾһģһѡ
Ĳ˼һһֺȵãȻ㲻֪ڸģҲûʲô˵ˣ
о쵱ӵǰˣʹ˵㣬˵㣬յ桰Ӵѽһʹ
պͻ褶ʱˣռĲ˼硰ʲôеصĺŮóʽӳ
Ĳ˼һֺȵͣҪٺҾͶһִҪִ֪ǿԾһܵһµģ
Ĳ˼պͻĸŮסˣҲҸԸŪȥ
գҪֻ֪ҪһǲԩģӰǼģĲ˵Ĺ϶군ˣ
ڷƵԸ϶˿գȻ˲ƣͻʵʵϰ࣬ܰĿǰһݺùŪ
Ĳ˼ĸŮˣų˵ҸǿļڿصĸǣļʵЧģҲ˵ţǵ໨ƿ;ƷҺϷ˰Ǹ˼ҵľУҲȰҪ»СҪô죬Ҹ˵Ҳ˵ˣԼǲٺܸ棬Ǿǩ֣Ҫ˼ңǾֻнѺˣ
պͻ֪룡
˴Ȼֽеԡⶫģļģţ򶫰ѶʮֵĶǣǡҲǼ۸թ
Ĳ˼絭㻹һеģѵ֪ղƷϿûй涨ʮֵƷ˼һǧһڣǶ˼ҵɣҲҵ£۸թɲ漰
һʱ˿ڣ
ҲǣղƷȫ㻨һǮ˸ֵһǧı׬ˣû˵׬˴Ǯ˼ۺҪǮҪѶҪȥҴϵ˿ҲһĵɲΥ
뿴ţŪǸƷ׳ɹȥ˰һ﴿ǸһԽȥ˴ǾưͳԻп඼˵
һ뵽뷴ڲɣ˼ңãһʱɵһ㣬ò̧ȻԵõţ򶫣Ҳ֪ôźã
Ĳ˼һΣţ˽ͽ⣬ҪǴ
ֻÿͽ⡭ͽ⣬Ըţͽ⣡
Ĳ˼һ֣ԸȡˣԸͽ⣬ǾͰѱ¼ǩ֣
о쵱Կ׽Ȼñ¼ոǩ֣ϳˡ
Ĳ˼缸ˡ˺һţ򶫵ͺľһԭһǻġ𱬡ѾʧӰ٣ѾһƬ
˰ΣȻȲȴһ仰˵ţ򶫣Ȼһȡһǰɥ˵ţ֡ţ֣˴ҰɣǮ˸ҰɡҪҪ֮ǰǸƿ׬ĶʮҶһֲٵ˸㣬ֻǮ˸Ұɡ
ţź˺ߣǮû˵ɣ˵ûԸѳԽʳ³ĵٺ٣˵ˣ˵Լɣ֮ǰ˸׬ʮ㲻ûеġ̡ģ˶̰ĵģ˵׬ôһǮǲԸ³
ǡ
һ˶һ㶣̧һԱĨƷʱţ򶫵Ļвžá
Ǿµţ򶫣㡭ԭǰСӳͷ
ţ򶫵ҲͷҾһ̰Ƶ˶ѣǮˣ˲ǿʳթģ
Խıֻйأ̲ס۵ĹεĶǼֳס֪жͬƭǵǮ׵裬ҿױ㣬ɵó£
һɨգ۹̣̲סһ£
˵㻹֪ұ㣿裿ǰҸĸҼҵĲƲ䵽УôǵǮûУԵĲòҲƽϣҲǻҪҰ裬ҵʮ˵ɣΪʲôҪҰֽǵǮ뿴ǵôԼ֪ʮҰ֣˵Ǹʱ򣬾ڣõóʮ
նʱסˣ
ʵҲ֪ĸɵ£ƽʱѹѾ˳ھԾϰߣҲֻӦá˳ܡĳܣõȻˣ
ͻ褸֪ѻţ򶫼ȻΪͷ棬϶Ҳ֪ģϣôܲף
ƿڣմһǾ£ǴͷţѾûпܱ˻ˣһҪٵΣմ֪Ǻˣ
ţʱվ˵棬ֻ͸㣬ǾǡӦţϽ߰ɣҪˣ
ţһ˵һŤͷţǳȥ£


70 
ʱͻˣϽţģţţ֣лú˵лú˵⡭ƿҲУͻٰʮͺãֻҪ˵ĸţ־иðɣ
ţһˤˤ֣ʲôţţܵģҸҹǽ˸ǵҲãµҲã£С
ţ˵ֺٺЦ˼䣺УǮûˣǮѾ˵ˣʹҴӦûã
͸˶ĸĿ£ס
ոɫ¹Ʋ׷ծӣô죿ϰһţ򶫣˼ѹͲ˦
ţʱƶһۣɫĶ˵߰ɣ
ţ򶫶ı飬Ȼ͡Ȼ򡱣еţţ򶫣ԭһжΪСӣ
ţб棬Ϊ˭߲Ϊ˭Ҫô㻹˵ĵ
ſ롰һֺȻйţΪͷôΪΪǮκβţ򶫣˼ҲǮ
һԣţ򶫺üŭ۵ĵţһڲڵֻóһ°Ѿš
ţ򶫿ͣ·Q5ĳţ֣ϳ
Ҳȥʧǵ̸һڣϳţ򶫿
ţ򶫲Ŀųֱת俴ĵһ˺˫ۺ˵ţ壬лл㣡
ţ򶫵ͷҲлңһж̫ݣ̫񶾣¡˵뵽ʲô´һпŵǰĳ̨ϣһּһ˵
ſ໨ɵǮھǮŰɣҵǮĶ˳
еˮһεεĵ䣬ŵţ壬ллǮҲҪȻ̸һ˿ɶ񣬵ҲǵǮӣԺԼøã
ţԵҾԺúܺãǮģòãôãǶ뿴ǮӦðǮ³
ˮ룬ǵͷпõУȻĸǮ¡
ţ˵黹ллϣҰ˵ˣµƻзŸҲףǮҲϳģϵҪ֮ǰ뷨ʹ׵棬һŭ֮±ӲĻҲ鷳㲻þܾˣı㣬Ʒٰѵ㣬׳ɹ˰֤һжǺϺֻһжѣ
ϣţ򶫣˶ûκεĹϵʶź̵ܶʱ䣬ȴκαԼ׵̸ĸǷĸм޷ݣ
ƽϢò̧ͷţ˵ţ壬мҸ˵һ£ǰʱĲС참ʱʯ׬һǧʵҲȱǮ
ŶţһЩȻŹЦСӣģҾ˵㲻ǳúúãֻһξ׬һǧһţС׬˵Ǯͱҵȫһ࣬úúãţˣ
һ˵ţ壬Щ˵һ¡
ţ˵úܣЦ˵ʲô˵ǣҺ֣ʼ桮ӴʱܲˣҵʱҲ㲻侲ƻҵļƻȴһԣƻɣʱʲô뷨
ۣЩ˼Ļش𣺡ţ壬ʵǲµΪҲʲôɵǽС
ţ򶫴Цżʣţղ˵ʲôҪ˵
һ죬Щĵţ壬롭ͶɣţһͬӪ꣬ӪŶ֪֮࣬ţԸԸ⡭
ţ򶫡ǺǡһЦ˵ҵȻԸ⣬ΪԹŶŲҽ룬ղҵˮ̫ֶҴ⣬˵Ͱˮˣƶͺˣǡ
ţ˵ЩԥָϽ˵ţ壬˵ĻҾһǧ򣬶ֻҪɹɷвУ
˵ȫţ򶫡ʵʶʹԼɣҲû⣡
ţ򶫰ѳ·ͣȻɫ㲻Ҫţô̰ƣȻ׬Ǯûĵĸɣ˵Ǯⶫþͺãûʲô׳־Ҫ꣬Ǿ˫޳ɣһǧǶУΪ̫࣬ڵҵֵֻʮҪɵĻǾɣӪΧȻ߳ɣռɣҲˣһֶԾӪͺãû֣Ҫӽ⣡
һϽҡͷ˵ǲǲУţ壬Ǯû⣬ռֻǾԲУһҲڶҲռ߳ɹɣ
ʲô˵ˣţһֲֹϹӪ꣬ҾռɹɶǶģ㿴ɣһ׬ʮ򣬶ӪĻһٷְٳǧϣҼʹֻռɹɣ͵Ĺ㣬ҶܷϣˣɻãҪ˵ǾˣһһŸȥ
˴ţ򶫵ıܼ룬˵ҲеʵֻҪԼģԺ׬Ǯһܸ֣Ҳǡ𡱣
ãԥһ£ŴӦȻ˵ţ壬һţæ
ţЦʲô;˵ֻҪţõûκ⣬ţҲҪʲô󡯵ֱ֣˵ˣ
ǺãҾֱ˵ˣͷţ壬̸ǷµʮĸǮҳծתͷ
ţ漴üͷ˵ǽծǶĿɺޣ
ҡҡͷ̾һ˵ǵȷɺޣǲ뿴Ǽҵ㹻ˣֻǣҾͰծˣҪ˵ޣʵˣҪ̸ĸˣޣ
ţһҲͷͬԣ˵öԣ˱ʲôʹģӲŸޣãҸ˵һ£Ǹծת㣡
ţҲɣͳֻ绰һ̸˵绰
ʣţ壬ϡͬ𣿡
ţ̾˿ζĵͬ⣬ծתĻֻҪʮı𣬲ô޵ģ


71 ʹ
ʵţ򶫴ȥҲûʲôҪ£ǳԳԺȺȣԭףһ𡱵ʹ죬ûб¶ʹı飬ţ򶫶ҲЩź
ţ򶫺ˣڲһݵ绰ȥ˾ţͻ֧˴˾ķá
ͣţ򶫼ſڵ·ߣлȥֻţ򶫺һƣȻ΢Щͷεĸоû·ȥô磬ѡ
ζ̶̵ʱֱһ㣬һ²Ȼˡһǧ򡱵ľ޶Ƹȥţ򶫺ǶᵽԼҲ׬ˡһǧ򡱣
Ҳֻ֪ҪǸڣһжֻǸʼ
ֻԺ·ôߣǺЩ㯣̸һǴˡԭΡûж١ʹ족ĸоϾҲ㲻ʹ߿£ȻҲΪӵ޿֮ǹֻӽأǹʫ续ӣ
㯣Ͼᣬûо
Ժ̧ͷ˿һ
֪оȻһſڣǱʶֻǡ족ԭ򣬲֪оߵѧУſڡ
ѧУﲻѧȻϰʱˣע⣬ȴϤġͬѧǡ
ǰɼܺãΪĸȥܾѵڷܣҪѿѣֱܼҳߡ
ڵٲȻеһӣͬѧǻΪٽĸ߿Ŭ롰ѧӡѾû취ٿ
˼һ£
Ȼ䣬һŮһϤġ֡ѭȥֻԭϵŮѩ첽⼸Ůȥ
ǼߵŮУϵģϵģŮͷܹȥѩֱ飬·±һǡĲ˼
Ĳ˼崿ʱͷһ𣬽Ųͣʱ߲ˣ
Ĳ˼һʱûʶĲ˼Ĳ˼־кԵĲ˼ӢһЩԸҲͬĲ˼ҲҪ΢һ㣬Ȼ߰˷ƣĲ˼ݡ족Ĳ˼ԡۡ˵ֻҪϤ˿϶Ƿֵóġ
Ĳ˼ʱӿǿҵġǲӦٻصУ԰Ϳи࿴ͬһĻᣡ
Ĳ˼һ⼸ŮҪõѣȻȻĲ˼ԸҲȽϹƧȺѻм
ѩǰĲ˼˲ŵʱ§Ĳ˼˵˼ȥһ˰ɣе¡
Ĳ˼Щߡͬѧ˸ݰݡƣȻѩһһȥˡ
ʮԶңңں棬·ҲбˣҹУĲ˼ѩѹûǲˡ١ͷûعһΡ
ԭҪõġΡַһûõϣѡǸ㳡Ĳ˼ѩǶʱûȥﳬУǽһʮСʱӪҵĿϵ»
Ȼĸں棬Ĳ˼ѩڹ̨ǰ˲ͣȻȥŵȡ
ǹȥҲ˼ݣĲ˼ѩŵıλˣֻһ֮ңȴԱ
һΪ˲һֵѩ˵˼ϲǸˣѾˣֽС
ȻһȻ֪Ĳ˼Զľ룬ڵΪӵ˿ƽţȻֻȻһһ㣡
ǰľǡʧ͡ʹࡱ
ֽʮ꣬ŵĻ޹˾ܾǸᡭ
ѩһ߳Ժһ˵ŻδЩ϶
ŵĻǸʲô˾
㲻˵ǸղƷӰĻһģܸӣŪ
Ĳ˼һĵʵǡŮûУ
ѩߴһЦֲǾ죬Ķ֪Щ׶ϴأ˵ҵĲС㣬ڻѧͺˣûҪ棬˵òңԺҪķУ˵泤˧㵹ɲŮò
һڿֺѩĲ˼ĶԻһƬҲûмȥͷѲһߣվĬĬĳȥˡ
ҹ綼ȺģﲻȴţֻȻԶԶ
һķ޴ŸСк߹ŻõСкʱŻָЩ˼ֻȻ䣬ֻԼʵʵģӴκˣԼ
Ҳ֪һСʱСʱصţ䵱̣ҲûԿ׿ţֻǰ̨ϣһ˫ֳ°ʡ
ԭʵ²ˣҹкƾ۶ǺڰˮŶ»䣬ȴûٸоɵɵʲôĺڰҹճ
ֵĵ涼Ѿȹֻ̣·ڵҹɫԵáѣڰķҹмөĹһС
Ȼ䣬һһһ𣬽ڵҹһһӣʲôˡ
žǡꡱһ죬ֻһޱȵľǿƺ涼ڲ
ɵţʲôҲһֱֻۣûʲôоѡ
ֻϡϡĴ㣬ʮӺȻưô꣬಻ֻûеһôֲ
ܵûʪ͸ȴȻ޸о̨Ȼɵɵ꣬ʵʲôû룬ҲʲôԸȥ룬һƬհףƺÿ񱩵ķϴˢȥܣ
ϣˮˮһʣ۶ﾰҲ֪˶ãֻñһƬֱ͸϶̲סһ˺ü硣
ǱСˣֻǱ֮ǰСҪǲɡվҪһȻܰȫʪ͸
ֳ˳̨ףվֻһվ󣬶ȻתͷĿѣһ
˼վȴһƺŲˣͷν̧ŶûǸ
ջ𣬸ĸ࣬ʲôûԹʲôûܹٿѵĻѹҲԼõúܣðͷЩССʹϲôˣ
ǰֲûܹ꣬ðûðŲ̧ˣ
ִ˼ΡΡİԿ˳׼Žȥ˭֪ǿһ۾һڣһӾˤŢˮУˮŢҲ
ûиоġԲˣҪɣĸʱйĸһȥͷ
ԺУֻѵѡƺ۶ˣһŮ㡭ôˣ


72 쵼
ѹۿľǡʩ붼֪ҽԺˣ
ڴ˯ŵĲ˼磬һ
һ壬Ĳ˼;ˣ̧ͷЦЦı飬һô˾Ȼ궼ˣҪʱȥ̸̸£²ˣ
Ŵĵ⣬ƣʱڵҹĴ꣬ҫ۵磬һƺգ֮ǰۣȻĲ˼磺ף춼ˣ˯һ˰ɣ
һϣĲ˼û˵һҲ֪ǸʲôˣôûУεˣ㵽ҽԺ㶼˯ˣһϣ
죿ԼҲо죬漴ֿЦԲĲ٣㣡
Ĳ˼ͷȻ˵ãҽ˵ֻ˷纮ټȻûѹûʲô󰭣úñͻת
ЦЦҡҡͷڴͷЩ㶡
Ĳ˼֪ûд󰭣ҲûҽʿıȻʣҽ˵ˣǡСŰҾúõһˣģǳʱΪʲôͷǡΪ̸飿
ҡҡͷ̸һ˱ľĲ˼磬ʱıӦ֪Լ̸һҵĶԹǰĳ참ǡƫˡʱɶһߵģţǶ׾ܴԼ֪Լһ㶼֣
ԼһŰĲȴ̸޹أĲ˼ѹ벻ⳡĲ˼ԭ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôȻЩġζȴôһ󣬶Ĳ˼ġҲ࣬Ĳ˼磬Ҳ顰⡱Щ
Ĳ٣Ҿû£˵ɣǲʲôƲˣĲ˼ڲ²Űԭǲ̸йأһͷ˼ά
һ˵ӣĲ˼ʱˣͬʱҲüͷ˵˵ӵҾ
Цʣôȥѻˣ
Ĳ˼ߺŵҵĹ٣˸ǹɳ߸񾯼ΰԱȫ󻪵ˣΪԱǲӦüƽϵʧɵģǷֻҵƿ󻪸ͲմҹܵȫЩ۲£ȥ⼸͸£ͷСèϼӲˣǹɣҴԭ̳ĵ浽ڿѰڵõǿӣȥҲܲˣ¾̸汨Ȿǰģʱһ˵ʱ֪㣬ԸµǿҪⲻմ󻪵ĸ棬ҲûǿӲɵˣ
ǡ̲סЦ˵Ŷԭ㲻дҪƣеûʱǰɣ
㻹ЦĲ˼һۣ޵ģҪû㣬һ߳ʬˣ
εЦЦлˣĲ٣ллľ֮Ҽϵģһٶʮĳ⣬ʲôʱҪʲôʱȥˣ
Ĳ˼Ҳ̲סЦϡ𣿱СƯֻҪڣһӢĲ˾ͻӿ˵һ̫̫Сأ
һ£ȷл˼˵ĻЩ׼ȷĲ˼ᵽһ˼ˣ˵ûʲôһ˵ⷽ棬ûоȻˡ
Ĳ˼ˣҲٲƣЦ˵졭ˣɣ󲡳ã
˶첲ȣҲЦʲô󲡣ѹûʲô
ʵⳡֻǡĲĲ˼ˣһֱԱǰĲ˼°һֱںȻ׶Ĳ˼ϲһСˣʱͱįԱʧȵȸָ˼ӿͷټϱһܣϽһ㣬ɽ
һ󲡺һһǸĽᡱͺһ룬Ĳ˼˵˵ЦЦҲˬ
ǳԺģһҪԺԺҲúʱѾϰ˵߾ߣĹʲô첻Ժ
סԺĲ˼ͽǮԿĶ
ҽԺĲ˼̲סЦյѽֳǮ񣬰ʯͷԼĽŰţȥհɣԺʱ㿴ڣҾҲԼûط
һЦ˵Ǹ
Ĳ˼̾ϢţǰԭΪմĹְȴû뵽ְҲǽ˸ɲһĹ¼ҹ˸ʵ
ŪĲС㣬ҿ㵱ĵĻƿ𣿺αһԼŪôۣ
Ĳ˼˺ߣȻѳһת䣬ûעһᣬһײ˳ϣҶײûۣҪջʱĲ˼ԿϨɲ³һǳһĶûӦڳе³࣡
Ŷͷ˳³һʱ̾ôһտ㳡
ǳǹɽصĵططԭɣҴ壬ˡũѧУٺֳ˼УһΣеɣҴ̳ڵģ̫һ
ھԭɣҴ̳Ȼ󣬵׿أûʲôչ̳ټһ㳡Ҳûнˮ棬һֱ棬绹ãһͳأߵʱ˺ͳòӡ
Ǹ죬±ǰˣ춼Ǵ̫Ҫ㳡ô
㳡кܶˣѧģڹ㳡һûУмʮ˶ųͷڵڵأڵõǿӣ̳㳡ֱǸսأ㳡ϵĿѾ˳ýӡ
Ź㳡ڿӵ٣ŮȻŹߣȴũׯˣĲ˼磬ʵ⡭Ҫ˸㡭Ǻ໹ڿģ
Щ˸ɵȻ죬Ϊġ
Ĳ˼һָָ˵Ƕû𣿡
˳ָȥڽ̳һߵĿߴȻһ͹ݣſϵд֣ࡱ
ࣿһ㶣ֶ֡־Сͬһ
࣬ҲбġĲ˼ȻȥԹģһǱһ߽ţϺ࣬з࣬ȻҲصģ࣬Ϲ࣬Ŵȵȣζ
һ˵б࣬һɲԡߡ
ĴӺһЩˮ䣬˺ܶ༦ѼߵȶˮϺзȵȡ
Ĳ˼ߵſڣһʮŮӾӭ˳ЦǺǵ˵ףĲ֡Ǻǣпհӭӭ
ں治ЦŮĶϰˣ˵ŮɣȻ٣ŮԭѿڶĻǡˡϾ֪⻰ǲ˵ģתھͱˡпաˣò࣡


73 ԬԿ
濴󣬵ȥŷ֡ж족
ֻ棬ֻ߰׵ĿȣȻжʮ׵ĳȣһŵż䣬ǰ̨Ҳһת¥ݣȻ¥һ㣡
żＸҵ˵𱬣ڶࡣ
Ĳ˼һŵżĿ˸պóˣϰ˵ҪǼ䷿
ϰϾͽ˷Աȥɨʰ˼ʰúĲ˼ȥ
ȥ䲢󣬴Լֻа˾ŸƽмһſתԲԲһܰڷŰż˲ľΣǽϹһ̨յǰһڵĲǽѾ˴ڵסˡ
Ĳ˼һ¾˴Ӳȥÿ㳡һȺڿӵˣ
ڿӵƺԽԽ࣬ոս˳ȥǼҲڿӴ
Ǹʲôѵ㳡Ҫ
Ĳ˼ЦЦûлشȻ򣺡Ŷ֪ˣڱ
Ĳ˼ЦЦЩ˳ţŹ㳡Ҳע㳡϶ûС֣Ȼ㳡¿϶ûνıأǾʲô
ϲ˾ߵķԱһ߰ڷţһ˵ڳ춼ڣȴûһڵʲô
Ȥ֮ǰڵʲô
ǶԱָָ⿿صλãиǶ׼һùһ߶ĿʱȻڵһԬԿǣڱȳ˵
˵Աʶѹ˵˵ɣҴ̳нǰɣĴ󱦲ء
Ĳ˼˵ҿ뷢Կǣ
֪Ա˵ġԬԿǡǡԬԪƷ׵꾭ֹ֪ܶ࣬ص飬һöԬͷͨƷҲҪֵ߰˰ңԬͷֵǧԪϣԬͷͼֵǧԪϣƷԬͷͨƷ࣬Ա˵ڳˡһҲʮöϣͨ˵ҲһֵĺƣƵ˭룿
СʱҲȷ˵ɣ塱Ĵͭʷ֮һǰһָĴ˵ʱͭеľֻٶˣɣ˽˵żҶװʹǧˣڵʱȽǹ֧˰ƾ˽װʱʡһԱɣҲΪӣֻҪ¹ءн˷ˡĻ鶼ذɣȥ
ǰϦɣ֪ȥҲһܵطȻɱصܣ˵ɣû͸¶
ɣĺڽźѾΪͨƽ񣬶ɣұصҲһֱûжϾԣҲûҵ
һɣҴԺƺҲڵɣҽ̳ڳһԬͷʱְɣұص·˳Ȼ죡
ȷԱȥĲ˼Ŷ˵һȺԣʲôأ
ô֪ûбأ
Ĳ˼粻ÿɷĻش𣺡ôͲ֪ǹɳйɣʷұ£ȻѯϵģɣɱĶɣ̹һ֪ϢûйڱطĶɣǸűʣһ൱ʱϲٻԸǮܲ͵óãֱʱûٸһ㣬ײĶûУһϯӰסˣ
ʱӦǲٵģɣˣҪӰܸ˵ˣôᡰĬ
ɣҽ̳ҲǵɣҴԺصİӣԵޱȵġɣһƬġǽ塱˼
ǿһƬƽأûĸλðһıӦǿ֤ƬûСءģҪȻ۾
һܿҲƺܵݽԼУǶסˣЩûв䱦أǿġ
Ĳ˼Ž̳ܵĽ˼Ҳµ뷨ЦЦǲǾЩٺ٣˰ɣźͭЩݵػ˸飬׶ûκη֣
ЩȻһŵ˵ͷȻٵһߣһ˵ʲô֡
Ĳ˼Щͷۣü̾ϢЩ˶ںڣ󻪰ôͷ۵ĻӸңҸͷۣɣҽ̳Ȩ񣬲ڹʲڲڣǶǴԸ£ôܣ֮ǰһڵԬͷֲչУԼſڳģ˭Ҳܲš
ԬͷֽĻҲΥƷﷶ룬гͨ󻪲Ĳ˼ĸҪֻ̯һЩص̫ŹŲһ飬ֲַֺãҲˣ
Աһˣһңڵð
һͱʾԡߡĲ˼Ϻз࣬Աһʢһ࣬Ĳ˼ڵǰ漴ȻŴ
ЩˣҲĲ˼ԲԣֻԼͷˡ
ȷʵζرûԹȻ˵ζˣ䷹ʣеóԱͲˣ
໹̣һߴһ߳ԣ¶Ǻ̧ͷĲ˼磬ȴȻûж꣬һѾ䡱˵˹ԡ
Ĳ˼ع񣬼ͷ󺹵ӣסЦô໹࣬˵㲻ٽһǣ꣬㻹²ԣ
ҡͷŶˣУŸոպãҽƳʶֻ±ܶԣ棡
ȥᣬһ߳һ˵ԱŶкҶȶˣ㻹ҳԱ
Ĳ˼⸱ƣЦЦҲǲǲܶˣࡣ
һĳ˸⣬ΨʣĲ˼ǰһ롣
Ĳ˼ЦŰǰǱһƣ˵Ҳ˰ɣһûöҲУҪٽһ
ӣҡͷҪˣܱˣ뻹Լ԰ɣԱˣ
ҲáĲ˼˿һȴ˵ͽһ߾׽һ£һ˿Ӷ߻ڵЩ۾üǣģֱޱȵġޡ
ﶼޣò˵Ĳ˼ĺϲ˭ôɷŮҲһ֡ܡƯĶۣѹֻСɫɲִ͡ԭ˵ģ
Ĳ˼粢ûдġƷǴͨĶţпЬһˬ磬롰˿ױ𿿽װ˵ҲȫԣĲ˼Ǵʲôÿˡ
࣬Ĳ˼зԱˣһϰЦܽ˵˲ˣĲǹͣⵥ
Ĳ˼һۣʲô¸ңˮ
ϰһϽЦ˵ǲǣһһٶʮ飬͸һٶ͸һٶʮɣ
ϰԭ˵һٶĻһ뵽Ĳ˼ո˵Ļܡءֱ˻ȥɡһٶʮˡ
Ĳ˼˵ͷŻ˵ͶˣնپͶ٣ҲҪ࣬ҲҪ٣ҲռˣҲԿ
ǣǵģǵġϰһЦݵĸš
Ĳ˼һ࣬˵ˣ


74 ˼ɣ
˴˵㲻˵Һ𣿡
Ĳ˼ָŴ˵һ඼һ˳ˣԵģ˾ôѣ
һ죬ϰڳҲöִԹԵİǮͳˣû㳮һٵĸϰ
ϰֳȥ㳮ݸЦ˵ʮ壬ǺǣĲôƯŮѣǿǺøĲôƯ˶ֻҪڣ˵һˣǺγߵҲдѵŶ͸
⻰ãȻ֪ǡƨĲ˼絹ҲûгϰЦˡ
û˵תŶԾЦĲ˼˵Сÿ˵ҳԷÿζҸǮǳһ⽣
Ĳ˼Ļش𣺡һ׬һǧҲ˭ģ˵ҲͳٷεסҽԺ֪֪ЩҽҩѶҳģϡǮûˣѵ㲻ӦҸѣ
첻ѣԼ⼸ҽԺķѵǮȷʵ٣ҲȷĲ˼渶ġ
Ĭһ̲סֹסԺΪưɣ渶ҽҩѲӦõ˵ǻܵǾﱨ𣿡
Ĳ˼˺ߣû˵ΪңǰˮݵðģȥˣҲΪң
ʱˣ˫˵úúãҵĴ˵ˣ룬ٴζУҲ׬һǧ
⻹࣡Ĳ˼һ˵һطĵΡ
Ҳ۲ţһϾɵķӣΪʼɽչԻϱ衱ƻˡ
ǰĴطɣ֮ѡôطġǱǾΪɽǰˮѹؼҵ
СǰУĩ˵Ӿͷǰһש߷ӵסȥ·Ӿڽ̳أֹ˲˵ǰû·ˣȥһȥɣ
Ĳ˼˵ͷҪ˵ʱϵֻȻˣó˿Ȼ˵ȻҽӸ绰
绰ȻЩܡĲ˼ߵԶԶĲ˽˵绰ʱԽԽԶԲȥվԭصţ͵˵ĵ绰ݼȲòֲ¡
УǰӾͷľɷﴫһȳ⣺ɣϼ֪ôҽ̳ڵǿҳǿݵķݶϣҪٲӦһǮҲ䲻ϣػñҵģ
һŮش𣺡Ĳҵܵѧѣ˵Ҫʮ򣬶ʮ˾Ͳ壬Ȼزģ̳ǶĵأһֵʮҼǿĸ棬ҪʮҲ࣬ǿȻǴ峤Ҳǿǿɣ
֮ǰǸ˺ߣ˵ëѾͷʨӴ󿪿ڣ͵Űɣĵؿ鲻Ͼ峤óȥ趼ˣҿ㻹ϵһʱ
һ죬һʮİɫĴӾһֶ࿴ۣҲû⣬ȥˡ
ŴŮӵĿ衭ˣҡҸ㵹ҩȥ
ǰԺſţԥһ£ȿȿȡĿʱ̲סԺȥ
Ժӻ㲻СʮƽԺһЩĻݣͷһˮľʶʽˮ
ש䣬¥ϵĲԵúϾɣкü黹ѵģ͸ճŵġ
ӣԺ䣬ȻϾɣһԵøɾ
ߵԺоŵһŨҩζȥôðȻðʧĽȥǲòԥ⵽ˮۿԺľ
ˮصԺǽ߳ˣ˼ϵһ˿˼ľɵŮ·
ˮʯɣ߳ߣԲԲˮڱһ֣̽ͷ¿˿һವ紵ȵо
ˮʲô̽ͷһ˲䣬ƺһ˿˿ɫġƮһϸȴûˣ֪ǲۻˣ
ӽ̳һ·úϸûĸط͸˱ɣҴ󱦲صĹֻ²һʵģȻɣҴܴûĵطȻ̫磬ҼȻǱأȻҲǲױֵġ
䣬Ȼˡһ죬ƺʲô˶ž֮ǰǸŮ衭衭ôˡ
һ֪ŮӵˣҲԥϽܡ
ҩζŨҲЩݺûˣڲ᷿Уڵľƿȥ
ȻЩǿһŮķˤڴµµһȻιȥˣŮӵСֵ˷ֵˣǿǽлš衱
˵ȥ˵ÿ
Ůŷ˽ˣʵ㡭˭
˭ȾҪңұȥҪϽҽԺ
ŮӾ֮ҲϽÿЩһ˫ץŵĸ׵ֱۣһ͡͡ԼϣվžߣŮӼĸں档
ˣȻǺ׳ʵŮӵҪö࣬岻ٽ£أ𱳲Ǻܳ
һȥоȻûĲ˼磬֪һͨ绰Ķȥˣ·һ⳵ŮӲִ򿪳Ƚȥ
ֹֻǸŮУȻСĵ⳵УֱڳžúֱۣǺĴŴ
ŮӶ˾˵ȥҽԺȻͷĪľðӣʱͷĺˮˮһţؿڵˮʪ͸ˡ
㡭ˮɣԥһ£ŮӲŴһɫ־ݵǰ
ʱſŮӵݣűȽϾɵܸɾ·һϾǳݣȴԵüΪˡ
òͲ󣬲ᳬʮ꣬Ĳ˼֡ѧĴʣȴĲ˼Զûеġɣ
쵽ǰ֣Ůζ־һ£ȻҡҡͷڳĨĨˮ˵ˣ
ϳ⼸ˣ˾ʾ֪Ǽ飬ӿٶֱҽԺʱϰ°ʱ䣬ûӾ͸ϵͭƳҽԺ
ѸպʮǮŮӸѵʱֽ豳ұȥͭҽԺİ
ֱҽԺһֱûűŵĸŮѹݴԼʮ࣬Ȼ󣬵Ͼºĥۣһݣֻǲл¶ָŮЩƵġʮ꣬ҲӦвŮ
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۾ҽƺϵһĸŮһ߸Եĸ׼飬һ߶Ů˵ɣС㣬ʵģҲֻܿЩͨҩѡסԺĻ͵ýʮķã֮󻹵ٱα߿õҲáǿ֢״ҩؼһɣʡǮ


75 ʹ
ŮһӾͼˣſҽҽкãסԺưɣҡұ֤ﵽǮһﵽǮġ
ҽҡҡͷ̾ɣС㣬֪ĸļҲǲ֪ҽԺҽԺĹ򣬶ֻﴦһҽֲסԺˣסԺǱߵ쵼Ȩƶѡ
Ů˵ҽǰι裬֪ǵҲӵģһﵽǮֻæסԺҪٲͻġҽҽǾ˵ôܼء
ҽ𻰣ֻ̾Ϣš
ᣬԼȻûоʵϣȴŮϿġӰӡĸ̸ĸܵŮһʲôֱ
Ϊ˻ڻУҽǿЩȶ֮ҩҺûסԺ֮Ľ飬ԭȻһ֣Ǯ
ŮŻҺĸףۺᣬ˳ңûע⵽ű߾Ĵŵ
Ůֻһֹҧ촽üͷƺܷ˼ͷһ۷ĸ׺󣬵ҧ˲绰İ
ι졭ɣɣϼϴθƬǸͭǿƼѧѧԣϴ˵ġ˵Ǹ£ҿһ£ԸԸ⡭
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ɣϼҲǱͥȵʵû취ˣҲǾֻܾڲϻԲѵĸʱҲʲôһֶʱõǮ
ͨ绰ɣϼƺҪ̱ˣǽŬԼվȣˮȴȪˮһӿߵ䣡
ʹ޳˺üӣɣϼԼ͵͵йһӺžЩȻˮøɾ֡¶˸Цݵıȥ
ҽڵͷдʲôɣϼ󵱼ЦŵݸһŵӣɣС㣬ȥסԺɣѾסԺδ绰˵ˣλᰲŸĸȫ
ɣϼһҽֱе㲻ԼĶ䣡
ҽѵɣϼУЦɣС㣬ʮ϶ܽеģú׼ɣֹۣ
ʮ򣿡ɣϼĪеĵõǰϸ˿ŵһŽҽƶƾ֤ĿʮԪ˺üҽԺӡ
ӼȻҽģְסԺƣɷƾ֤Ϳ϶Ǽٵģֻ˭ƾոʮԪľ޿
ѵ绰˵ҪһΡ
ɣϼ漴ҡͷ񶨣ĲǺˣֲŸմ绰ʹԤǮҲôѸ٣ɣҲǡס̸ɣƾ֤ʾĿʮ
ʮԪԴеɣ˵Ǽֱǲ֣ʮɲʮ飬˭ʮԪЦ
ĻǼٵģĸסԺ׼ܾǾǺ£Ǿ飬ԲôȥסԺ˵
ʿҺɣϼͬһҽԺ¥סԺ¥ĸ׵ĲಡסԺڿ¥ڿơ
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ãʿһֱû˵Ǹźòλҽȫһưš
һֱæ˽һСʱɣϼŵÿУĸ׾һϵеҩҺеȣȻδѹ֢״Ѿ⡣
˯еĸףɣϼʱʱϸ룬ŵӿһ󣬵ȥһ¥ĽѴѯʡ
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շѴڵŮһ߱Ȼһ˵ɣϼһЩʶżĪͳֵǸӲշҽ˵
ǸӰĸ׵ҽԺȻΪļַ꣬ҽԺ˵Ĵڣɻ󲻶ʮΪʲô
ҿԿ϶Լʶ˵ôô־ʮľ޿ѵҲǴԼɫͷģ
־ò񣬲˵˳áɣϼò̫ܣΪϰߵļǮš顱Ȼܵõˣ˭Ǯòˣʮ
УȻ˻ʮô˵ҲûҪдκΡǷѵͲˣ
һʮķõȻģˢշѴڵŮҽǵúÿ촰ڽѵ̫̫࣬һ㶼Ǽǲס˵ģһ쵽ͷر޴Ĳ࣬ʮϵҲôʣﵽʮĿ޽Уǵá
Ұ涨˵ڿǰڵķôֻҪʮңȻƵܷҪݲûȷԣô˵һԽʮٿò˵õƵƣʹҲ̫ࡣ
շҽӡǿһԭ򣬵ʱǸȫܷҪ١ĻشǡǰҲҪʮҰɡǸش𣺡Ǿͽʮɡ
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ǵôҽǶ뿪ʱûǸˣȥĶˣʮ򽻷Ѻʧٲ˰ɣ
ͷġ׷桱
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ǡʹҲǡˡҲǡͬķġֻǾɣϼͬǡͬһˡûɵľͰ
ȻҲҪԼûǸʵڵΪˡǮ̫˼˵ĴðԼ򸻺ˣûǸΣֻ˿֪Լͨ˻жöõƸĻᣬûҪΪǮ¶ա
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76 ˽
ҽԺ⳵ţ䵱̣ţһ춼û֣ڰʱ֣ɫĲ˼ˣ
ðҴ绰ʧˣһɣҴ壬ȴܻˣĲ˼ߺ˵ǷҵĸӰɣ
һ㶣Ĳ˼£εЦЦϽкţҸݲ裬ţò谡
Ĳ˼ݲ֡ڡȲݺ÷ǰ󣬶һСڣ˵Ժ̬ȿɵøһģ㣬ҾͰ
֪Ĳ˼ֻǡɫڲ硱ᣬ˵˶ѣǺܡϡװµı˵õĺõģԺٲˣԺ󲻻
Ĳ˼ˣɫҲˣȻܻˣ
ٺЦ˵ǸǸҶۣҪϡǱֲ죬ܲڿɣôƯŮǰ࣬ǶûӰҾʹ򳵻صˣ
㣡˵áࡱĲ˼Ȼںֲ˼׷ȥҪ׷ƣֻ˵ø
Ĳ˼粻ǸϲƷ衱ˣݵһȷʵſ㣬ȵζ˰ѱһƣ˵ٵһ
ٺ˼ڲ裬Ĳ˼˵ȥɣҴ壬ȻڱǾ͵ðרҴϣҾ㰡ʧ˰
һ̯ΪѵĵаĲ󾯹٣ǿģţѵ꽻ҴҲϰѵŹ˸ȥϹæǸǸģϹæҲйãҲɻѵȥ簡
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תĻ⣬Ĳ˼ЩȻҸֻأΪҲŸ˸ֻ˭뵽ֻʮСʱͨ㵽׸ˣԭʼ𣿡
ҵֻŪˣԼֻţҵº룡
Ĳ˼ͳֻһ߼ǣһ˵Ӵ˺ϾŪ˲Űţ
ЦЦҲͣԽ˵ԽԽڣ
Ĳ˼Ҳûйݵġ˲͡㬶ȥ
ɫѽƻ裬Щ绰˸Թִɨһµ̣ûпˣ˵Ӿ͹˵ţȻȥһ䡣
䵱߹ĵ꣬ϻûʲôģع֪꣬һеæʲôʱ䣬ϺУţʱҲ֪ʲôȥˣѵӸ涼¶
о㰴ţ˵һٶɵ£ţ򶫴ӦȻҲûǮ¾ʧƺһٶͲǮˣ
ͭǵҹܡḻҹƺ̣һ̺죬Ը󷱻һ߹һͭǵҹͭˣƺڣŷֺ͸оͭġḻ
һ·ҲʱģͳֻһȻ쵽ʮˣ
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̸Ȼɺ޿գ˼ĸĸܹôĥѺŸӵ˼ĸġֻʧȥ˲֪Ŀϧ
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Ӱʰ·˶ĿȪˮƿһŸӷסƤӰЩ죬벻˭ȵ̧ͷʱȻѾ˾Ȼ̸棡
Щ㶣ͷףͣǰʮǧ˶ʮһ㣬һĳɣ̧ҲûзֲԶ۹ȫ·ѰЩ·˶ĿȪˮƿͿֹ޲Ҫġ
һӴӷ׵ƤڴһߵͷѰŵϵתأԶԶĸ档
ѹûԱߺûˣһֻעѰֵǮĿȪˮƿͿֹޣһӭһŮĹﶼһϼеһںȸɾ˳־˹ӡ
æ׷ŹµµڵֱĿչܣкˡһķŽƤûоʹ뿪ŮеǸŮӣƤ档
Ůӻͷüͷſڱʣʲô
кܴġζŮӺܲˬ
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Ůһе߿ѵıҲ⡣
еñףѹûԼϵʹ﷢Ǹϼ޶ڹֻ²ȥʹ뷨ȥҲֻ²
ۼţҡߴϡ̸䵽أԭðġ⡱Ҳûˣתӿͷһ˵Ըо
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ƿԺŽȥƤӷȻ󵹳ȱ⣬ʰŵһǴӺܹģװ˲ٵĹ޶
վԺź棬ƤƿƾɵľŽݣһ߽һ˵ӣʲôԵûˡջСȪˮƿٶʮĸ޶һһʮ߸Ȫˮƿһë壬޶ëǮһʮ߿飬ʮ߿鰡⼸ļ¼ˡ
Ժ￴Ժ˲ٵġĵƹ⼫谵ƾǿߵĽܵݡ
Ż褵ֻеʣҡҸһȡ
󣬻˵ܣղ˻תûǮȥô찡
ʱĬһӲ˵Ѿͷ˴ܲסҲǣʹûӾûӰɣģ˶ûޣһ䵽أôҵס
̾һò˵ܣǱˣڶֻмÿٶ࣬ǶϢܱס±Ҳ˵Ӹô


77 Ѱʾ
һ̾Ϣþ
ǰջôãʮϢȣǾǾţһëûȵ£
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ǩְɣţЦǺǵİѱ棬˵ҹŮϲƴѧģһ£ǲĹŮҸһȥǱӿŮӽȫĵģͺúøɰɣҵ˦ƹͺã
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ȴ绰űװ磬ȻŹ˵ȥԡ
ԳҲȥεģǰڿиû˼ȥţһʱˣҲûʱȥ
ǰԳѾˣ¥ȫǹʹڵȸӵĵԺ͵ӲƷԳҪӪǵԲƷҲֻӣӰӰȸĲƷ
¥׵Եģһ뵽ţ˵Ķӡ㲻ôںҲҪһ³Իƻʮߴ糬ʼǱԡ
ʵӲãƻҲãӡĻ⵹
˱ʼǱԷصûãװ˿ĵŹԱҲˣܿٵľͰװ뻧ˣźź󣬱ʼǱԵٶҲǷɿ졣
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һҳͭǱ̳ͣǰ;й䡱ȥͿڵһλһѰʾ
оһƬһƯ崿ŮӵͷգúЩ죬ȥһһСͭСá˷ġ
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ָһͼƬͷµȻǺֻһ۾ͷǸ˾Ȼ
һϽϸϣȷǾͼƬеľҽԺУͼƬϵŮӾɣϼ
ĸҲ廨ţ治У˵ǳģ˵ͭСáǸˡǸƭ֣ƭǮģе˵ôƯŮӸʩ˻˾ʧģôƯŮӻѰʲôǮȱֱ˵һͺá
ͭСá˺滹˻ҲǲԣͼƬеˣûȢ޽飬ҪܽҲδǲ
ͭСһըӪ֣áľ
滹˰ɣϼϡ⡱ˣͭСãɣϼͭǳǹɣҴˣͭǿƼѧģͭǿƴУ֮һǰĸ׻ಡܵ߶
϶ɣϼġӡǿ͹۵ģ˼ƫʾɣϼΪҾƶΪزĸ׵ҽƷѺ͵ܵܵѧѵȵȣ⼸һֱǰ빤ѧһһߴǮ
ϣԼɣϼ˸˵桰˵͡衱ĻûˣγһƬİѰˡ
Ȼ󣬵ҲǾԵģͭǰɷˡȫûʶͼƬеġ
еʶȲ㣬ɵĶѧˣţЩ˻ϲȥʹĲ˼綼̫ܹɣûпС
ѧУ൱͵ûʲôѣʶļͽͬһЩͬѧЩͬѧҲͲһɣʱϡ


78 ͭС
ԽԽֺЦַ
ɣϼȫΪϡͬҪǡҪǻǰʹæҲûǸ㣡
ɣϼҲѹûҪġرҽԺˢǮ뿪Ͼ£û뵽ɣϼȻϷˡѰʾټ˵ġŮЧӦ³ͭǰ˹עĵһˣ
ɲ뱻⡱ҲҲȻûҪɣϼġڵӣҲû֤Ͳ⡱ʱֻ밲ˣ
Լ£ϷĶԼҲŵģΪϵƭʵ̫࣬ࡰѰʾ͡¼ٷְƭ֣͸ؽһ£۷ƬƯǶٵģֻǶֶˡ
ɣϼ£ôǶʵģɣϼмֻ֮ҵˣǡ˼˼ֻˡڡģ˵ϣҪǰҡ󣬿϶ⲻһ鷳Σ¡鷳ˣ
ͷۣôܰϢľͽˣȴ־ò̫ܣõİֻɣϼԼٳѰʾ
һ뵽һɣϼϵʽʱԥһ£ǾQQšЭ̡ΪԼĺûԼκεϢݣҲûƬʹԷ̸Ҳ¶ԼϢֻϵͲͬˣֻʵƣֲ㻻ţ̸úҲͰˣ̸ÿβͣ
ԼQQСƵᡱԭͷԼʵͷ뵽Ҫɣϼ̸ۣϽͻһ翨ͨͷ
ɣϼǳƾȻһǡͭСáͷҲȻ˵ʵƬڸ˵дšʵȻôĸܼ򵥵֣ǸоŮӵļǿǿ
ɣϼôˣռﴫͼԼͬѧͼƬЩͼƬܸܵʵ
ɣϼĺҪ֤˵ǡƭӺܶ࣬ǡ
һ²ŷ˸ǰ֧ʮǸˡȻ󰴷ͣžǵȴ
ûԣ鷳˵ôֻ࣬Ͼͻû棬ɣϼĺֱӺء
ɣϼûлӦͷҲǡɫģ֪ûϡ
һֱ˰СʱҲûɣϼͨϢоЩˣ绰˸ͣҲϵˣ˸Ȼʰһµеġ
ͰСʱʱҲѾˣͣΪɫѾˡ
еˣζܺãųһھдҡϢƫͷȥһQQϢͲ²ǲɣϼģȥһȻǡͭСáĻظǣѾмٸ˸ҷͬϢ˵ǡˡһϲţ˵˵ص㡭
㶣ַ˸ϢȥﱳһȥҽԺģ㲻ص㣿
ԷĬһȻǡ֤ͨϢȷϺͭСַϢһҪȷһ£ʲô֣סʲô
Żش𣺡ЩҶܸ㣬Ұ֧ʮҲҪʲôرڼĺһ£ɵѰʾˣҲ
ͭСһӾͱĻŪסˣ
ðַϢǡ
˵أµû˿ԥϾͻشˣбҪƭ㣿
ʮСĿ׬Ǯף㡭ô׾ͰҸˣʮ飬ٻʮһûҵĴѧ㹤˳ҪʮֻҲ׵£Ͳòʮ򣿻ߡûñķʽծ
ش𣺡԰ҵǮ԰ɣǮҸȥûҪʲôر㡭ԺʱٻҲ٣Ҳʲô˺ˣǵʱǡǮѰʾ˰ɣЩˣҸ뱻ˡҡͷģ
ͭСáֳĬòŷϢȷǡҲ֪Ҫô˵ҵл⣬ԸΪκʡծԽô˵ҾԽҵ㣡
֮û˵Ǯ͸û˵Ļǻǹ˼ɣϼ𣬸ǮҲҪСɡ˵ˡԺʱٻ١⻰˼ɣϼġӡҲһ˼ǮɣϼûҲ׷ծ͵ڡ͡ˣ
ԡҪͭСãɰֲŷϢңҿȷĸ㣬ҶǲȤģ
ͭСƺܡȽϡˡַϢΪʲôҲƯֵ
ߺŻϢͳҾ;òֵҲ˵̣Ҳٸ⣬ټټǲ
ϢϾˣͭСּķϢȵȡһл˵
Ѿٻشƾַ˺öϢᡣ
ʱٿУȻѰʾӱȶڵһλ̶һĸԡ
ֻЩѾû֮ǰЩĻǰͭС÷׷顱йصĻһⶼû׼ȷĶ
ʱ򷴵Щżˣǰٵ͵ѧУͬͬѧǼ桰ɡģҪ׷ǲܵ£ΨһĺôǣػеĽͼǺǰѧ硱кܴĲͬЩͬѧϲ
ԭ׼﷢һвͻƵƸϢҲûȤˣһ԰ѵԹˡ
һƽʱͬһ˯ϴˢܾˬ˵꣬ٿ˵ԣһQQԶ½ϾͱĳһϢ
Ϣȫ⣬ͭС÷ģ
ã𣿡
Բԭ˵³çĻֻҵ㣬ֻҵҸмˣ㲻֪֮ǰжѣԸҵ˶ʵģҪ彻ĿԶԶβʵԸΪ踶κδۣΨһһһʾ޶ֽκλرˣΪĲͬҲѰ㡭
Ѿط˳ѰʾӣѾ飬κεĲͷҶǸȻϣһϢҼ桭
ٵ￴˿ͭСùȻѾˡǸø߸ߵѾȥ
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Լ˱͡һ£һߺȲһŵ档
輸ϻţµıͳԿףȻԿˣûдȥסʱʱȥһ¾ͺˣסȥѷŪŪˡ
ӻǿʹãԼгȷʵҪܶ࣬ûмգ֤ǵ֮
ǰĸһʱ׵ĳӣȻûüգҲֻ֣ӹ࣬ûҪȥСᡱͷо衱úˣ¿ͣڵ·ߵQ5Ҳȥ


79 ż
ѧҲһʱڰǰҪ¾žӪžӪҲҪͬʱһˣղ⡣
ǰţ򶫾Ӫľͨĵ䵱䵱ƷղعŶ޹أҲЩӵƷӶ࣬һȻԱ֤ӾӪȥ󣬵ҲǳԲ׬˴Ǯ
ͭǣţһ෽ʽĵ䵱̶úܣкܶСһӪνġСڡҲǵ²˵úС˾˵ǡĵ䵱̻ҲԵƷ䵱ΪŶ٣ϾҲûʲô롣
ţ򶫵ҪãһԼڶʮ򣬶ţ߰ʮŵȻҪѵӵ⵼;ҪղΪ
Զ׼ģͨ䵱׬СǮղȻԶûͨ䵱ô֡һҲֻ⣬һܾ͵ֵͨ䵱⼸»߰һʱãһɰǧ򣬱ϴζʯûʲôǮ׬ȴǡһǧ򡱣
һ⣬һ͹һӣ
ҲΪԼţҲĵûš
ƸǰͷƸķм֣һǵǱǵӣǾſһƸ档
ҲȥǱ͵ǵӹ棬ŴԱдһƸڵǽϣȻ﷢һƸӡ
Ƹдţ䵱ԱһԱһԹŶղȤѧͽ
յĻҪһʦϾԼԡרҵĶǺǷȱֻ˵пȷϵԿа׬ǮҪ˵רҵļʶͲԶ˵һרҵļʦбҪġ
˲Ŵ﷢ûģûдݡ
ƸŪúֽһ൱ḻԣÿ켸вƬൽÿ춼ԽвͬĲ͡
ȥһĸѯʹܽʵ˼̫ᣬܡЩ̫ţ˵￴̫塱ⲻõĵҲÿȶŸƲˣ̸Ҳû⵱棬ϵ绰ˡ
ȻҲǲżһȥԡ
һɾͿʮϢ
ʮϢ϶Ƹ͹ʵЩƸϢж˵Աʮʮ֮䣬רҵȣнˮǧǧ֮䣬ӦнƣѧͽҪԿͣнǧʳޡ
˿ЩϢ඼ѯʸЩʲôһöǮ⣬ҲûнЩһһشͬĻػ뵽̸Ƹôš
Ҳôס
һţǸʮӣŴʣͷ棬ǸǮĸҴ١
ʵϲǣֻģһƻ6һ£64Gڴ棬ԭۻǧ飬зƱóͻشУͲµóֻõķڸһ¾͵ֻȻͷţûǮԺˣ
ֺóС챾ǡӣ첻£ùҹˡ
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˳һ£ȻʣҵȻˣ˻ʲô갡Ͳٸһ㣿ǾųµĻŶ
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ˣǧǧɣˣһеĻ˸Ͻ͵ͷͬˣȻǵĵʹˣ϶ûҵļ۸ߣҪȻϾͬ⡣
ҲԥϿվݣպֻͷƱǧֽˣ׮ˡ
ǮʹҴҵˣǸӲȥԺȾȥĲ˾ǽоƽ
һߣְֻŽ˵ϱiphone6ֻų£64Gڴ棬4800Ԫ
һǧٿǮǲֻ⣬˵ǧٿǮһǧٿǮȻǡˡ
ֻ˵Ҳȱãʣ˸ͲںãлСķڣծҪ׷ֻȥס
ˣǰǰӦƸģӦƸӦƸѧͽģԹ󶼲⣬ϵ绰Ӧ͡롱ˡ
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ΪҲӦƸģŮȴѹûǸһЦ˻ϰ壬ҵֻ룬ֻʹ绰ңҪˣ
ЦǺǵĴӦû⣬ֻҪ˵һ绰֪ͨģ
ŮЦ뿪Ǯ׬ǿ죬ѹֺö൱òѣţȻûʲô漰ղƷƾЩ䵱ҲǻñȽġ
ſӰһΣ˽ˣͷŵԣҲûôע⡣
˽˿ȻʣãǲвԱ
̧ͷش𣺡ǵģӦƸġףǡ㣿
ǡƵ᣿
һ˲䣬˺Ŀԣ˶
ӦƸ˾ȻǡͭСáɣϼ
ɣϼȻϳ˾ȻҽԺΪ֧ʮĶˣпܾϸĹġƵᡱʱҲˣ
ʵû뵽
ɣϼʵ￴Ƹӣֻ˵Ƹнˮϵַ绰û͸¶һ˽˵Ϣɣϼѹû뵽Ƹ˾ġˡ
ȻԡƵᡱQŸɣϼ̸ԵȴǡƵᡱɣϼûҲûϵ˾Ķˡ
һ£ɣϼЩҵĲ쿴һµ棬ϲĶ˵㡭ܲ˰ɣ
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ɣϼȻһѰҵġˡȷʵǱϲáͷǿ˼ǷˣһַʮĶ˾ǡʯ󺣡һѶоҪҵֻϼѣ
û뵽￴Ƹ̵˾ȻǧѰҵġˡ
ĲĲȴ
ѰǧٶȣȻףȴڵƻɺ
ͷ߶ĻΪʲôʮľ޿ȴʧ棬˻ڱоģЩĥҲ˯ŵ⣬û˿׼䶸Ȼ󣬿ǳֵϤİȴһ仰˵


80 Ƿ
ǳԾǺЦ
ûϵԼĵƸȻټ
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Щ̽ζϾɣϼҲҰٷְٵĿ϶ƵᡱĶˣǰȴٷְġˡɣֻ֤ʵһ˻᲻ҪҵˣоеǾӦͬһˣΪƵΪʽǸºʧĶ˼Ϊͬ߶о˰ġ͵
ʱȻҲϣͷң
ɣϼСǧȴ֪Ӻ˵𣬺ðһ仰Ϊʲôҵ棿
ʣΪʲôҪ棿
ɣϼһʱסԥһ˵ʮǸС
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̬ȿ㲻ǡˡҲʲôá˼
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ɣϼһ˵һߴԼĿȡһA4ӡֽٵݵǰ
ʹˡߡȴû뵽ɣϼ㡰ȴûʹ뿪ϳӦƸ
ɣϼݹֽϲǴӡϣñдģǾ㡣
ɣϼȻǿƴ󣬵ҲӦϰ˲ԼӢ﷨ѧУĿĿǡAȷʵû뵽ǸŮѧԡ
˵ʵڵģɣϼĵӺõˣһŵ㣬úƯƯŮӶǺаģ˵ֲäϹӣƯܱȿźܳ˳ۣȻòЭģܵ˵֮˽֮⻰ǶԵģ
ƫƫɣϼЩֵȶˣ
ɣϼЩԥ˵ҪһݹнҵĹӦȽϸߵģͭǣ֪ģֻͭǱعҪչҵܣ⣬㻹ÿ´нˮп۳
ãһɣϼĻҲûпǣֵö䵭ʵӡϰﵽɣϼġ
ɣϼǸĺǿֺŮӣ㰵аҲ䵽ϰ塱кá
ϿɲɣϼáܡӲӲ˵£ڼ乤ǧúϸʽ¼ãʻ
УɣϼҲûʲôԥģʵȥҹûġҪԭȻáƯԭȻְķգ
ٺã˼ҲĻ죬̰ͼɫ
һʼףðģټǷǮ治򹤣ߴ򹤱߻ծծģҪȻ˯žڲ²ʮ˵׻ʲô˼
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ʲôʱϰࣿƬ̣ɣϼʡ
ڰֻش𣺡ҪУھͿԣ
ڣɣϼЩȻָֻ˱飬ͷãУ
ĿźãɣϼҪЩʲôҪ֣
ָָһ̨ʼǱԣĹǶ̨Ʒбۣһֹ˲ᣬ¼ſ˵䵱Ʒļ۸ʱ䣬ȻѧڲԼ⣬ЩĻǼõ˲ᣬôͲҽˣҪȻͲԼˣ
ɣϼ˵ͷƺϰΪˣȥ򿪵ԣһȻʼǼǹ
ɣϼϾͽ˹״̬ҲȥֵһȻԵõƷ
Ҳ֪ǲЩˣҲ֪ǲĿյио̫ʣȻԺ˯ˣ
Ҳ֪˯жãԺˣɫЩˣ˿ʱ侹Ȼ쵽ˣ
ٿɣϼĨų̀ƷͷЩ⣬һĨ˿մڶʣŹ̨Щջ
ɣϼĲ˼ȫǲͬͣɣϼֻĲ˼ѷ֣ɣϼǡ˼ҵĺ統ҡĲ˼Ȼζûгܺ;ɣϼû취Ƚϡ
ɣϼġоȴͬĲ˼̸һȥɣϼĵǡͬĸоôɣϼ䵭ȴûɵĵԼġˡԼġáָо
ɣϼĨɾ˹̨һĨŶͷĺˮһ̧ͷ˿ѾѹۿϽվֱ˵Ѿˣ㿴
ÿ˰֣ȻûѧƻᣬţﱾûٿɵǼǵģоȻѡ
ɣϼ˵ҿ˯ˣûʲô£Ծʹɨţ⡭ҿʱЩˣ˷ݲͣȵģ԰ɣǮѾˣ롭
ѸٵĴĻˣûи˵ڼҲǰģԺÿṩͣѷϣ汣չԿס
һ߰Կ׵ݸһ˵չ룬ⱣչԿܹõģɣϼãȻӹԿףЩ֪룬չԿ׸ʲôƲĹѽⶼɣ
ֵ˵չʮֽ⣬лͷϻһٰʮֽ𣬵е֧ڱչȡ֧ã˻ϵǮҪUܲתˣдʱһøת˽ţڿ°ˣϰɣ
ɣϼԭԵþıҲЩͿˣ˵һͨϲĻһǽ°࣬Ǹˣ
ɣϼҲġ֡ҲǼֲˣ˵ͷİϼߡ
һ£ֽס
ʲôɣϼعͷʣﾡǣѵһ̲סҪ¶βͳˣ
һƱʮŵݸ˵һǧţ
ɣϼһüͷ㡭Ǯʲô˼
·ѣĹأԱÿ²һǧ鳵ѣ
ɣϼ˴ϵı鵹иԥһ»ǰһǧˣ˵лȴŤͷֱȥ
ߵſڴɣϼֻعͷȻʣʲô֣ڿ֪ϰɣ
Щ̲סЦĻش𣺡ɵĶ


81 ϰ
ɣϼ͵͵һ̲ס˵һ䣺Ǽɣ
̲סۡЦ˳û˵ʲôɣϼѾҧЦˣ
ȻšЦݡȻ¶ݵɣϼֲԽţ֪᲻˳ֻ¡ȨûУ
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ϼҲûʲôˣɣϼѾѵùؾظɸɾģŮƺͱϸԭҲڿģٺöûɣϼȣ͹ضˡ
֮ǰţԼǻڵʱͲˡ
Ҳûʲô£ڵͣһ㶼̫Ȼ˯žֲȥ죬ֻڵ
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شһŶ֣Ĭһַȥһٰɣϰ࣡
ɣϼһЦ˵Ҫϰ࣬Ǽ׼ѾѹҽʱҵܻܵҽԺҲʲôҲҪϰ࣬⡭˵лл㣡
̲ס١һӲķȥлʲôǮǽֲ͸ģһϢģ
⼸仰ȥɣϼʱͳĬˣΪ˵ʱַϢϰ壬ǺģΪʲôƫƫҪԼô׶񡯣
ЦЦɣϼֿǲԼıˣ˵ԼĺáȻһڰݶˣĻﻹ泩ģһִ˼仰ȥ
ȻҪϰ࣬Ǿͱٵٵһӿٿ飡
ɣϼƺѾӦϲڼӡַ˸Ц
ɣϼҽԺֻϵģ˵ˡֺͷͱˣʾߡ
ɿֱ꣬ͷͦĵĸоˡĸоȷʵʹ죬̸ֻ֪ΪʲôͲܶһ
˾ǧٹֵģ̸ԶԼһƫƫ룬ڵľɣԼһԮ֣û뵽軹Թ˼Ҳû뵽ôһ仰͡˿ȡһٶծĻᣡ
ϣǶߵӣûֻȴˣԺĻΪˣùֻһȴǸİֻ롣
֣˭أ
ǲǴ˵绰ģΪֻųĲ˼ţ⣬Ҳûб֪˵ֲɧŵ绰Ϊֵ绰Ͼһ¾ͶˣԼٴȥ
һ²Ű˽ãλ
ңɣϼϰ壬ſڣ
绰ﴫɣϼһӾˣЩҵĴ£ô
ڴϴˢȻȥţѾƵϱߺߣɣϼһһӣҲ֪ʲô
Ȼһʱ䣬˵ô㣬ٵҪǮûý׸ɣ
ɣϼЦĽ˵ţСĵķŵ˲輸ϣȻĶȡһ߰ڲ輸ϣһ˵ڲߵʮ֣أֲӰģҪĽڼҰŹЩʣµĶˣϺȽϲһһЩ
㶣Ҳ˵ͷֵ˸ͳԣһ߳һ˵ҲãҪ鷳Ժ;ڼ˴ڲ͵ҲУп֧ģ
Ȼɣϼڿ죬԰ķˡ
ɣϼȸʢһŹȻ˵ϰ壬֪ǮܲܲҪʲô¶̸ǮֻҪԸķˣ˴ǣɽ亣ζû취Ūͨҳ˵ģ춼ҪҲͶһ˫ӵ£̸Ǯ˵ҲֵʲôǮ
ˣŹͺȣɣϼñºдģȣζĺܲͺһ
ʱɣϼָʢϣԵڶʱɣϼһ˫۾Ͷʵôԣ
ɣϼҡͷЦ˵ڼҾͳԹˣΪ˲ϰʱ䣬ر˵㣡
ֻɣϼԹˣҲ꣬ºҲˣӸоܱǵÿɴûôݳԹͣ
ȥʰɣϼȻҪȥˢʲôģɿʰȥϴҲԸȥų̀Ρ
Ƽɣϼˮ飬ȻϴʱģҲ֪Ϊʲôɣϼһֺܡůġĸоָо񡰼ҡһƺֻڸĸڵʱ򣬿˺óԵʳָоһ뵽ȥĸĸ۾ʱ̲סЩʪˣ
ɣϼûעԹԵͷ顣
̧ͷ˿ŵĵʱӣŰ˵ʮ֣˵첻ôˣҾû˯ã˵뵽;;ŵ㣬ʣ
ɣϼ˲΢΢ЩĶͷЦЦĵϰ壬ҿɲҪڼ˯
һ漴ߵ㵹ᡮ⡯㻹ڣһ㲻Ͼͳ㣡
ɣϼͷͷ²ˣȴûа㺦µĵı飡
Щͷۡͷβûиɫȴûɣϼη塱ϰ壡
Ƹɻɣϼϻմˮ飬ֳһֽ֣һ£
ɣϼһѲõëУȻ߹ʲô£
ֽһ졣
ɣϼһ죬̲סһ㿪һ˲䣬Ϊ̲סġˣǼǻţЩ֪룡
ûĵʲô㣬ϴմ˼ˮ飬ɣϰҪϰǱ˿ʲô
ɣϼŶһˣԭԼ롰ᡱˣûʲôġ
һֽ֣˵Լȥ
ɣϼϽӹĨ˼£ĺܲ˼
ʱűߴһŮӴȻôСϱڵﰡô죿
ɣϼһ㶣תȥһűбǵӢĲ˼磡
ʷǷ˵Ů˵ֻɣϼŻŵĸϽͽ͵ҡҡҲϱ
һºɣϼŻŵı飬ǺǺЦ֪飬Ĳ˼Ȼǡ˵ЦȻ֪ԼãߡĲ˼ȻãȴҲܵģ


82 ɫ
Ҳֻһͺġ⡱Ĳ˼磺Ĳ٣ǴִԱô˵ҰǮƵСһɲҲʲֺǧ𣬰ԺɲҪЦ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵һ˵ڳĻҲῪЦپǸ족ˣȻ˵ֻ
ͣͣĲ˼Ťɣϼ˵˰ɣҸôҲǸǶˣĪõͱңšȥƭ˸ôŮˣ
ɣϼϽֽ͵ҡҲϰƭģԼӦƸģϰ࣬ģ
񣿡Ĳ˼桱ЦǾڵҹǮˣǰţ˵Ҫת㣬û뵽һϰ檵İ׶ˣ
ɣϼֲ֪ǰƯ˵ġĲ١ʲôϵŲҶ˵˵ʲô£
λµľֻǡĲ˼ڡ뺷Ĳ˼ǰȴô·磬Ĳ˼Խ׵ĻߵĲ󾯹٣ֻǱ˵˰ɣδȢδޣʲôϵҲܲţ˵ǻװ׵ģ˵ˣҲҪ䳰ȷҵİɣϽģʲô˵ʲô¾Ͱ죬ûйˣƤӣ
ɿɣβ¶˰ɣĲ˼˺ߣı飬ֻ˵ˣһʶ㻹飬ȥɣҴνءɣı飬˵һʲôˣ
ɣϼĲ˼Ȼ˵ɣҴıءҲһϽŶ
ȴ֪ɣϼɣҴˣȻ֪û˵ĻȻ˶ȥġ
˵һǡţǾɣҴɣϼԺоԺǿھйŹ֣⼸ԭѾ£ʱĲ˼ᵽءʱ
ֻſ˵ʱֹɣϼȻ뵽ɣϼԺˮʲôŹ֣ҳʲôء˶ӣֳȥֻ¶Ҳ˵ԼҲ˸˽ġ
ˮСءɣϼһ˵ġࡱҪбصĻɣϼ˽°£бֻҪǼоֵġŶֻҪû©ǲѰѡءɣ˽УòҪ˵ȥ
Ĳ˼ȻġѡִԱԼ˵ˣĲ˼ҪһζԭĻҲѰ죬Ĳ˼粻ԭǾǰˮˣһ¶Ǻ
õİ취ǲ˵˵ʲô֪ˣԼһͨŶĲ˼˵Ĳ󾯹٣еæȥˣ鲻æһ˵
ôæôžеúܣǲ᲻áĲ˼˶ûУæʲôæˣ۾ſɣϼɺ˵ţĻȻû˵ɣϼɣϼóû˵Ļʲô˼
ɣϼˣͷ˵ʲôԽ˵ԽͿֲ֪ƯŮ˵Цǵ棬֮Ҫȥƻ²źã
Ĳ˼ȴòͬˣɣϼҪǡ⡱ĻÿеһԱɣϼһκ죬ͷⲻǡĬϡ
ԽԽڡȻںҪĲ˼ʲô˵ô˵ôԺôɣϼһϰࣿ
˵ɣϼҪǵ棬ȥˣֻ᲻ᡰη塱ϰ壿
ԲǶɣϼʲô족ͼǼȻѾﵽף˵ڻԱ
Ĳ˼˵áסûӦǲߵģǷһ£˵
æ˵Ϲģ˰ɣʱȥȻȥ绰ɣ
ˣĲ˼Ҳˣ١ŪģòӦˣҲͲټҪȻǻӲǲȥˣû취
׼ȻȥţĲ˼绹ûתߣſнŲ̧ͷ˿һӣͷ棬һɫп㣬ɫƤЬźЩ졣
ӽҪ˵ģһһƯ޷ݵŮӣһҲôסˣ
⸱飬һɲҲˣӾ֮ǰﵱһƻ6ֻǸˣ
Ĳ˼ɣϼֱı飬üͷϽ˸ע㰡ǲֻѾȥˣȥû취ˣ
ӻعƬ̲ŪĻ⣬ϽЦ˵ҪֻҲҪֻġ
һ˵һĲ˼ɣϼɫЩΡ
ڵ䵱̣ǰѹûںӡĲ˼ɣϼּŮǰֻ¶˳϶ˣ
ŶŶһкȻԸɣϼСɣݲȥ
ŶãɣϼϽתȥ䵹ˮ
Ĳ˼öּһˣǾ죬Բ׽ɫͲ²Է̬֣һǸƭȵС죬Ϊ¾˲ƭŮ˺һףôù۾
ʲô⡱ˣĲ˼粻롰ơ⣬ҪȻֻҪֶŵĵϷϾܽԸ
ġϡ¶һ̰ɣҲ𣬾ֱתˣƶǸӡ
ȷʵ롰һĲ˼磬ƺ߰úܣѹûһۣҲûõ֡ƯŮӸ䵱̵ϰʶģȻҲûлĻ
˵ﻹһƯŮأҲ֪ʲôһˣƽʱǧѿһƯּŮˣһӿ
Ǹո˵ǸȵҪƯ֣Ǻ޲§ڻ´棬ӵŮ˾ۼٶֵõģ
Ӧú֣ΪġԱȻǸСְԱǾͺðˣľ飬Ǯܸ㶨ûĸŮ˲ϲ
Ȼ˵ģǮûУǰѼʶֵܽһųȻǻˣ䵱̵ϰ壬ǡϰ塱ɣ̫ˣһǸûо龭𡰿šëͷ
ɣϼݺòˮ˳ڵ輸Ϻ˵Ȳ裡
Ӷ˲һߺȣһɣϼԽԽƯǵ͸èץһ㣬޲Ͱ§ڻ
ɣϼ۹ԼϵһΣһɫ࣬񣬲Ϊڵ棬ֲϰһ죬ǿ¶ЦӦ˵ϰûҪɫ⡣
ֲϹӣпĵЦе˺Ȳ裬ȻȻ쵱ֻǾҪʲôҰɣ
ǸһʱͿŵıðһ̵ġ


83 Կ
ǳʲôĿģҪ߼ۣôģֵ֪Ǯ涫ȻкöȻǻӭģ
ӡ̡ĺ˼ڲ裬ЦеǮгȡƬһŵݸһŵݸɣϼλҵƬһ죬ԺҪҵ绰ǣ
ɣϼƬʸɻͽˣȥ󿴶ûֱӾͰƬͰˡ
Ŀ˿ƬñȽϸߵˮֽƬӡӲӵģͷҲţģǲǹ׷ծͻܾڡ
òײסûЦһ﴿Ǹ϶û¶ٵ죬ܿһƤծ׷ծ׬㲫Ǯգ˾óԲÿֻܸ࣬Щ顣
Ͼɳڳһ׮еóһ׮ʱû¸ɣҪƬôţõ⵱ǣ
ȻȥĳЦŰƬŵϵƬȻЦʣܣʲôöɣ
ڱʱЩΣڨڨЦ˵⡭ҲҲǣи㿴һ£ΪϴҲ˸Сʲôʱҵһ뵽ĵȻˣǺǡˣ֪ء
Ц˵СɶɣûӡƬһ֣
ϰãڵǲںûƬǶԴ˵Ǹ˭֪Ƭǿģ
һиöϰ㿴ôһЦһ߰ĺɫƤ򿪣ȡһɫĥ̨ڲ輸ϻص˵˵ƲùīУǸֵǮĶҲǾϰҺϵ
ٺ١һЦ˵˵
ڰڳ̨оɣʵǸų̂Ͽһġͨʯֵʯ
̨ʯĥģʵػǴĥ״ֻǼͨĶǹ̵ġȴڽȡ̨ĺɫƤ֪ʲô
յĿҪһƤðıȷ廨ͷеֶΡ
һ²̽ʵܣҡһ԰ıʶһ¡
ȫһ£ʲôڲһ£ЩͷԵ
ָƤ˵ﲻǻжôóɣ
ƤõУȡŵ輸ϣȻѿհЦϰ壬ûأǸ̨ʱ򾭹ʶİ̯ˣ˳˼С˵ȥûʲôŶ
һ˵һ߶˶ΪİţΪ滹ʲôԲ׷ʣʵͻмС˵
Ŷһ˳ְǼǳ汾Ĺǵ棬ѰؼȫһʽǲģȴǡѰؼǡ㲻С˵һƤëСдԶᣬдʽֲԺǰҶĹʽ򣬶Ǵǰ󣬴µִдַʽëֵò
ⷭһ¾ͺˣЦŶԽ˵ܣǵйͬ԰ǺǣҲϲС˵ǻ׵飬رϲ
ڹЦһĴȣǣҼ쿴飬鲻˯˯ž׵оͷ鲻ҵˣɱȵĶζ
鵽ɣϼˣڨڨЦЦϽ˻⣺ܣȲȲ衭
ʱøˣ͹ָָӣɣϼ˵Сã㿪ˮ
ɣϼûж໰Ĭıӣֲ䣺üӲ裬㿪ˮˣ
ϰøԱôƯոߵǸҲôƯɣϼıӰ̾ţǼС˵˵ڹͷǶʱôһʲôֳһЩʲôĪĹһ
ЦݣʱѾôˣڲ֪Ū˸̨ƭһǮû뵽ǣӰڵ̯ͷǶ˼С˵еһȻһ
˵ǽڲ֪ˣڵ̯ͷ֪Ҫ֪˵ĻҲᵱһҰɱˣ
ʱ򿴵ǹɫıǴǸô˵ֳðģĶȷʵʲô쳣ףֳзͬܣ
Ҷ˵иǳõĻᣬǾǽڲֳֵ֪ǮĶ͸Լ©ľѻᡣ
ڼżС˵ڰֵϰ壬ϲĻ⼸ȥǣ𵢸̸⣬Ǻǣ¡
ǰǰ̸£ЦŰѼŵ輸ϣȻܣ㿴̨ҪǮǺǣ㿪ۿҲǸһһۣܳɽ
ˬ˵ýڳֵۣҽָۣϽ˼仰˶Ҫ۵ͷ
ڼҪⶫǳڱĵطҲԹһεģ˼ҿһ¾˵ҪⶫֵǮҪأ˵ҲܻǮ͸ϴһֻļߣ
ֲòţҪǼǮҪˣֻ͡Ҫ̨ģǾ͵òʧˣҪе̫ͣδִﲻҪһʵͼ
Ƭ̣ԥָͷ˵ϰ壬ɣ
һϲȴǲ¶ֱ飬βŻش𣺡ܣⶫֻһһҾøϵɣˬ죬ҲգɣҸܽѣ
ϰ壡ԱһֱſɣϼȻϵˣȻû֪ⷽʶýھͲǸöԾƭƭȣȴʹӦ顱ȥǲɵӣ
ɣϼǼýһϰ塱ȥһǸǮɵӰɣҪôˡȱǮǮȥ
һ֣ɫķԸɣϼȥȡֽ
ɣϼּ̲סյ㵽ʲôܼң
ɫһô˵ģǮ˻ʮˣ
ɣϼһ㶣ʱ⻰ԾǾ໰ôǮ£ϰ壡
ǰҪǲԣôƽ޹ʵİʮҽƷѣ
ɣϼƬ̣漴̾һͷԹԵĽȥڱչȡǮڲ輸Ҳˡ
ôھôڰɣǮ˵Ҳֻ飬˵˲Ԫģ֪ϵ˵˵õѵͺã
ƯŮԱþڰһ亹ɣϼƻĺ£鰡Ǯɲƭ֣ǲҪ໰ϽɣǮ˸ϽˣȻƣ


84 ʥּ
ԼһٿǮЦķŵǰ˵ܣأС˵ֲֿ뱻˵ǷˣԸһٿǮǰ⼸в
һ㶣û뵽ҪͷôһԺЦһǵ䵱ϰ壿ôϷһû
ʲô£ںٺһЦֱ˵ϰȥǣС˵ֵʲôǮȥǣȥǣû˲ûˣ
УɫҪǮǵͼ̸ҪǲҪǵˣܻȥɣ
һಡһ°һٿǮ˾ʹЦúúãϰǸˣӲô鶼ǷðɺðɣǮˣ͵Ǯˣ
ЦǺǵ˵Ǻãܣ̨ǳɽˣҪҪдʲôվݺԼ
ǲòáֱǰ־ܾǿ̨ǲֵǮǮǾôɵˣ˱ҵʮ鶼дʲôԼվݣǾ֤ݡԺҪ֪ϵԿˣվȥԼֻ鷳ԺԼվݿ϶ǲдģ
Ҳˬ죬ǮƹȥЦܣվݺԼͲдˣǮúã
ᡰһѾץǮһӾ͡͡ȻϾվ˵ϰ壬һҪҪһ£ȳնԷٺ٣ȻλŮԱ
ɣϼƲƲ죬ƭҲƭġɵӡɣû飬ҲƵóһĿ
ЦǾͲˣп
ЦƤҪˣʱϵ˷ڣԸϽ֮󼪣
һʧɣϼ¶õı˵ϰ壬ǮͲǮˣ
˺ߣûɫĳɣϼ㵱Ҳ֪ʲôǲǾϾдšɵӡ֣
ϰ壬˵㣡ɣϼȻٶײشĻǰ˵ǡ˼
ٺ١һЦַԸѵŹˣ
صţɣϼһĹʲôţıǿЦȻһĪƯ׻̲סҪɡ¡ˣ
ɣϼŴҡͷ̾ϢԼȥ˵ţȻеĵƶ򿪡
ɣϼЩţȭڱ󲻸ҿ
ûûҪ˼˰ѼٰС˵еһ˰ڵ̨ϡ
ɣϼҪ黹Ҫ١鰡У̲סԼǰȥ
ֳϸֽֽдëСǵģҲһҳֻֽдһ棬治д֣ʵҲдˣдһī֭Ѿ˹дһͿˡ
ֳֽŻֶûʲôֵģǴƤðģ۾ȷʵġǱͨǴðģϸ΢ܿɫıǴⱾĺƤðġ
ʱϸ⣬ſҲƺţƤֽһֽţܺʵĵطճúϸһ©ƤĵطûУ
֪ܾƤżû֣һþͼı
ɣϼĪĶϰ壬ɵˣڸǳˣǮĿ˵ֻһٿǮС˵˵С˵İɣȴ˰ѼС˵ϰ壬治֪Ǻ»ǻ£
ԥһ룬ȻüСĵڷƤϴһСȻŰѼⲿССİѷƤ
ƤǰʱɣϼͿж¶ĶɫʵƣƺЩһĻơ
֪бģֻǸ㲻ʲô󿴵һ;ò첻ѣⶫ·ʱʵ۴͵ġӡǸɫм䲿λЩرźצϻд֣ƵĺܹŹ֣ϲá
һ¶һǶ˫ŵģͷиᡱᡱϲһⶩλã̯һԼʮףԼʮ׳֮ǰһдֺܹŹ֣һдȴǹСķֻ֣ЩķϵЩвͬ
ӳУĸоǡʥּ
ⶫȻûۼӵӰеǿò٣ݿ٣ʽȴûʲô
첻ѵɣϼҲûһ£ͳֻ˸绰
ϣͭû
û˵ЦһǺǣСʲô£ͭǣڼ
ЦǺãϣҸոյһöпվһţţ䵱
֪ãϵһ˵õöʱ˷ﻹ̵סϾ˵
˵öҪǣͬǼʶ˾ȵġʶ˵ǺöˣǾͿ϶Ǻö
ʲôɣϼֻ
ãûס¶Цأ
ʥּɣϼԳЦţ˼ȻǡȤΪ࣬˵ʵΪ٣ʱĶ̫ԶҲûεĶ
߷Ӻ͵ˣãԸɣϼȥ
ɣϼʱûֹϽȥš
ͷӻ˾ߣȻûȫȥַԸɣϼٹϣ
һʹߵߣ̯ڹ̨ϵġʥּʱҲ̲סһϽȡ۾۾ϣͷϸļ
ɣϼûҲʶ׷룬ʣƺǳ𾴡֪˿϶ݣּǡʥּʱַƺһһ׵ģҲȷͨˡ
ɣϼЩɻ󣺡Ī⡮ɵӡϰõ˸ֵǮ
ֻ֪õмֵģֻȷжߵļֵѣԽŨĶֵҲӦԽߣ֮ǰεѾǰͷˡ
һ仰˵ǰµļ飬˷Ŵ󾵹۲ϸ΢ᣬװѣƳֽţּ壬һһ飬ֱ˰Сʱж࣡
ǰԱߺţɣϼȻҲһ仰ҳ¾
ڣ̧ͷǳǿǡ
Ц˵ϣʥּİɣ
˵ͷŻش𣺡ģҵ֣ôõģǡ
˵ָǡʥּҼˣʥּĺͺдģǡӺʮһա⣬ҶӺżоʥּױд˼ٸԶ󽫾ҢʷϣӺɱҢĴ£û뵽ϻôһʥּ
ӺʥּҲЩȣ֪ⶫмֵģȷû뵽ӺţҢʷϴйأ
ʣȻҸ롯ˣҾͲҪˣ
Цŵͷϣ⣡


85 ɵϰ
ʱվһһֱû˵ɣϼ
֪˼ϽܵϣеĲ񣬽ɣϼ
ɣϼҲϽʺһϺã
֪˼ǱʾǡԼˡͷҲ͵˵ͷһ£Ů޶Ư
ɣϼһӺˣȻǡϷŪ˼ô˵ȴʶ˵۹⡱˼ɣϼˡ
Ҳûнͣ²ͻãԽ;ԽԽڡ
ָָʥּ˵ҲˣҪҲûԥҲ֪㿪ʲôҲᷴԺͷڣҲʵ˵ҪԼղأת׬ʲôۣӺҢʥּŴʥּǼֵϵȵģгм۴Լ߰ңԼֵҾ۸УһǧҰɣ
ͷǰҲԼΣЦ˵ϣ̫˰ɣҿһͿˣûʲôǮأֻ飡
˵һȻҲ֪õⶫѵḶ́˵ֻ򣬾ֻжʮǮҲ˵ʶ˱ˣɳ°ǰҲò˵ҲǸտ˵꣬ҵˣһҪ֧Ŷԣ˵ֵһǧҲԿ
ʵ⣬ȻҲƴǣЦŵͷǾϵ˼ɣҲлˣ
ŶˣЦӦţһͳֻ˽绰תˣҪпȻп˿š
Чʿû˵ģ˺겻ӣֻһ£óһе˵Ķţһǧʱˣ
ףѡʥּСĵľϽָӵȡ˸ԴһĽװá
ȻȥˣȥһЩӡ֤ӡ֤оо˺׼Ҫߣⶫ֣һҪȥ͡ġ
ЦŸţţٻصɣϼڵƺûŪ״
ͷһ죬ϰŲһ룬ȻмġＸſȸǵ״ΣҲϣĵ¡Դ
ȻǡԸΥģһ˶ûô⣿һǸԾǸƭӡû׬Ǯ˵ƭ飬ǻּ
һ㣬һòʵΪƭǮġɵӡϰȴת۽ˡһǧ򡱣
һǧʲôɣϼ붼ûпܾһӿܶһǧ򣬵ɵϰ۶ûգһ£ûһ£һǧ͡Զĺɰˣ
ȥɣϼ۾ɣϼһ죬Ͻһ
ٺЦΪɵأ
ɣϼòײŰѡɵء仰û˵
ţҳȥ˰ʾ⡣
ɣϼҧŴͷȥˣȻһһ߶ɣϼ˵ٺ٣϶ΪɵϰǮɵƭǰɣ
ɣϼڨڨĲ˼Ż̲סǡô֪ǱͲôֵǮʥּ
ֺٺЦо仰ûн겻Ϊϰǳ԰׷ģ
ɣϼԽ죬ʱˣ֮ǰǡɵǹɵѣΪֻҪõֵǮĶ
һ£ɣϼʣϰ壬Ǹֵ̨Ǯ
һǮֵԥľͻشѹԼۣҿҲ׵ļǮȻƸһٿҪС˵Ȼǲ֪ԭģ
ɣϼ˴Ȼʣ㵽ôǱܣ
ЦЦҶٷ֮ɣ
ŶɣϼûӦһ뻹Ҫ׷Ĳ²⣬Ȼһסͣ²ӣ㡭ϰ壬˵ʲô١ٷ֮ɣ
ͷҲ¶ЦݣĻش𣺡ǰҿҪĹأְԱҪŬȻһҪԭ򣬵湤ԱڸϣҿһҲøոţѧãһ£İٷ֮Ƕ٣
ɣϼĵͷһǧİٷ֮ʮ򣡡
֡šһʾߡȻ˵ţʮ۶ʮľծʮֽʣµǷծ´νм۳
ɣϼǲԼĶ䣬ۼߵԶˣϽӿ첽Ӹߵһ˵ϰ壬⡭ȻҪͰʮȫ۳˰ɣðծ
һɣߺߵ㻹ڰɣҵԱֻܷӺִУôʻ㻹벻ˣ
ɣϼϽ͡ա죬Ȼ˵ȴ¶ЩЦ⣬ϰȷǡɵӡ
Ҳ֪ɵػǰģ׬һǧɣֺαظԼ֡ʮ򡱣һǮԼҲ֣ĸϰôѡǮǮ
ȻЦɣϼƺѾϰġǡƺרͱˡĵӻůůģ
ֱȥǮУɣϼǮҪֻǴ˺
ɣϼȻӦͣһŵͷش𣺡桭浽ɣҪõʱᡭ
ãЦŵ˵Ҫôֽֻ»ᱻ˽ٲƽɫ
ɣϼѾ̫ϰġŪˣټﻹһƬհףڡšϲ֮УҲ覹˼ġЦ
й̨ת˵ɣϼ̲סȥԱһ£˻ĵȷȷжʮԪġ޿棬ĻʾĴǿȡ֣
п˳ɣϼſȻƽתվߣߵҫۣҲһĳ
°ͣ˵ڷżˣϰ࣬ٵһӿٿ飡
ɣϼ̲סۡһЦˣ¶װ׵ĺÿݣЦ˵֪ˣٵһӻٿ飡
пСķŽɣϼ̧ͷϰ壬㡭ȥĶ
ɣϼǹ˵ŵģȥٷԣȻҽԺĸȥ
ȴһ仰Ǻ˻ȥﻹҪ򱨸氡㻹ڣСҳ㣡
ɣϼ̲סˣյ㰮զľզģ˵һˡ
һ£ɣϼıӰֹƢˣ
ɣϼߺһڽҹһ־Ȥԥǻȥ껹ǹ֣ͳֻĲ˼˸绰ſеʱҪӦһ


86 Ӷ
Ĳ˼ܿͿˣ˳һϵȫһͦʱϰ𣿡
㼥ǸйٶǲǣĲ˼ûľ˳һĲˡ
ɵò˳ģżȻŮڡȨ棬ŮҲˣ
ٺһЦѻ㲻ҪҸȥ鰸ӵпգҪҸʲô͸ʲô
û뵽ġǧ˳ûĲ˼ˣüͷ̾ʲôɣɣҴ¶ҹˣ˵׼죬ȻϷ־鳤һ쾯Уҵзʵϰ
Ц󻪰ȫܿˣѵһţӣ
ȥĶ
Ĳ˼Ȼת˸䣬ķ򿪹ȥֵ½滮ܴ󣬽Ⱥûȫã·ѾͶʹˣĳ̻ﾰžͺۣΪ󲿷ݷӻûеסڣߵ˳Ƚ٣ֵϰʱУ˳͸ˡ
ʻֿġ·ųĸ¥ḁ̃ڰ·ϡಡֱ죬ûбûеڶӲżһģȫûоɳַӳֵĻ
Ĳ˼ǲĵӣĿŸһ߿һ˵ҪȥԵ㶫ɣϹأ򵥣
Ĳ˼Ťͷ˿ߺߵЦȤһͬĶûУ
Цôֳͬġȥ⡭ѽСĳӡ
밲οһĲ˼ģĲ˼˵Żʱģ·ƫˣֱߵķֵˮ̨ȥ
Ĳ˼練ӦҲܿ죬ľȻݲɲóٲ죬Ӳˮ̨ϸպöžͣˡ
Ĩһ亹ֻ˵ա
Ĳ˼롰RУһףȻҴ򣬿ұߵ·ֿͣʱȴƲ³һǰŰһ㣬һԵĲۣҲЩΣ϶ǳλ˵ˣԴ򲻿š
Ĳ˼Щ߳ŭҲᳵˣݺݵֿ˳ǰܡ
ȰһȰģĲ˼ˣԲˣ˵Ĳ˼ǸըҩòҪȥǵðԼըˡˣ
ȻȥĲ˼ȻˣȻְѳͣŤͷ˵
Īʲô
Ĳ˼һķ̣˵ѽܸʲô
һҡͷһֿ̯Цֲǲ֪ҲῪ⼸챨Уѧһѧģ⻹ûʼأ
Ĳ˼ߵҽ㣬Ͻѵһʸѧ
ȻˣȻˡ̽ͷڳ⿴˿ûгôĳûʲôӾѧǺûõطĲ˼Ȼǹʸ
ûгϽѳŤ׼³һϳĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼Ͼͽס³ʲô
ǱϳҲ³ôϳ
Ĳ˼ûĳŵûҸող˳ţѾ򲻿𣿡
ŶʱѳŲˣŴ򲻿³ƹȥʲôã
ǡôλãԥһ
Ĳ˼λ£Ȼô
ⲢĿռ䣬˵
˵أĲ˼ƲƲ죬λʾǰߣȹȻҹȥ
е㶣ֱĲ˼ִһ²Ž˰ȫһ£ȥѣѵصʱ
Ĳ˼λѾˣǰߵĿռ䲻Сȥŷܼ
ѾŤתˣĲ˼绳УĲ˼Ųţյôռұ˰ſǰ㣡
ү֤ռ˭ıҲռıˣʹſǰߵ粣ϣһĻش
Ĳ˼ŲţĻֲˬ˳־ͺһѣյǲ˵ҳó˶ռˣ
ӴʹʹʹֱʹŤһƨĲ˼绳˶һţ
ơ
Ȼ䣬߳ûŤͷһʱһ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱȻһﳵɫѲĦͣԱߣǽųˣʾѳ¡
Ĳ˼ô֣ȴҲ֡󡱣£ȴ֡Ρ̲סǽ
ҲЩֽţϽ³һ߽ŵĶŽ
ǽ࣬ɨһĲ˼磬ֿžһȻ˵ãʾգʻ֤
޴˵ҡûмա
ǽĵҪôҲܣڼ棬ǹ·ڳڳôǹȻýͨڲˣΣ˵İȫҲΣԼİȫ
Ͻͷϣǣ磬´ǲˣŹһΰɣ´һˣ
´Σģػصԭ㣺ʾպʻ֤ûоͳʾģ
˵롰족ȥ˼䣺֤ʻԲ֤ʻҪ̾дģ
һôãɲΪ˸λþͱץȥظʮģûˣ
ĲĲ
ϽĲ˼Ҫպʻ֤ģһ䡰Ĳ١Ļ˵һ룬ʱĲ˼ڵڶй¶ݣӲͣסˣͰ͵˵Ĳպʻ֤Ķ
Ĳ˼粻Ҵ𻰣һһָָ±ߣ㡭
Լãֻȥˣ˼̫ڽĽ£ǽŤ󣬼ȵĲڡ
㡭ء
͵ʱȻ˲ĵطĲ˼һӾͽ
Σ̽ͷһ£ȥͣòײ˳
Ĳ˼֤һСƤװõģоٹ֤ʻ֤ʻ֤ȵȣϽĹ֤СƤֻȡ˼ʻ֤ʻ֤ȻڨڨЦŵݸ˽
ǽţֻ鵽һۣҲء˵һ֤ĶԼĶô᲻Ϥ
ݹȥļպʻ֤￴˿Ĳ˼ƬǽЩ죬ôƯŮôڹ·˲㣿
һ߿֤ʱǽֶҼ˵Ĳ˼磬ȻͶ֤֤
С㣬ÿ֣Ҫһ֤⡭ǽԸĲ˼ʱֶ˵ʣµǸ֤øҿ
һ㶣ǽŵĵʲô֤պʻ֤Ƕ𣿡
ǽЩˣһͳԽͬ¹Ȼ֡ȳ⡱һʹü֤мðԱɣϼ飡


87 
֪ˣǽˡ衱˼϶׷Źˣ
ԼĲ˼֤ʱСİĹ֤˳˳ǽ鵽һۣȻġ
ɣǸŮһֱʾˣ϶ϵƯŮӱˣ˵ͨҪ
Ѱ˸Щ衱ĵĽɣ˶ԽϽּͬϹ֧Ԯ
ǽûǹֻǶˣȻ˵³ϼ飡
֪Ĳ˼Ҫסݿˣֻε˵磬Żˣ²
ɫã䣬ϧûǹּ˵šȻҽڣ滹ǹһʱҲЩԥû˵ӲȻ˶Խͬ顣
⽻ġʾͬȻС쳣Ӻ͸ˢˢˢ߸죬ǹ֧ģһ³˶Χ˹ǹľһǰһǹָסȵ³
Цָָһߵĳ˵Ǳ³в߳Ż˴򲻿
£³ǹľţΪҪʲôڣøĺȳš
ֻǵĽȥţô򲻿
ʱ򣬽ǵЩҲ⳵Ĵ򲻿һ컹ųſ۴濪Ǿ۹ȴû˿ɣ
˵Ĳ˼绳ʵǺܡˡؼǸסˣ
ԭȵǸĲ˼֤ͬǿְľ˵һ顣
һĽϲѯһĲ˼֤Ȼͷ֤ġ˵鳵Ĳ˼磬˵͵ģ֤˺Ư
ǹľȳţ³
¾£ʲô𣿡Ȼ䣬Ĳ˼̲סˣ̧ͷͻغһ
һ̧ͷյĲ˼磬Ǵ˴ֻоƯֻһһۣǾͶ֪Ծ֤ˣ
Ĳ˼ȻǶˣǱ³ϸʲô
һ죬ϽһǼֻǽţû˵ʲôߵĳȷʵ򲻿
ǱĴһȥ³Ĳ˼ȥ³
˳ǼյĲ˼磬̬򷽣ˣסţ֮ǰһݡ衱Ҳи˲٣
Ĳ˼֪ʱҪڳԼʵݣ϶Ѳģ䱻ǲԼ˵ĺã
ҵĹ֤ڵǹɳθĲ˼粻ԥѹ֤ݸǳǹľ죬һŤ¶¶ǹס
ǹ֤Ǹ֤ľϲѯţƬ̺ԼͬµͷģǹɳǱҲȷ֤
һǡͬСǹľϽǹ¶ЦֻıЩϾղűʱǸ̫ѿ
ʱ϶˾У֮ͬУֻҪΥͷ飬ǿɲ̫˵Ĳ˼ְλǶߣɽתˮת˵ĸʱתȥǵϼοĲ˼绹Ǹ˼˰Ůأ
ǰǵǸ̲סһ£Ĳôڹ·Σյġ
Ĳ˼һ죬Ǳ참ûϢãղſһ񣬽˳Ŵ򲻿ˣҾͽѿ߳Ŵ򲻿ֻ
ôһ˵ʱˣ˶ǺǺǡЦȷʵѿĲ˼˵ȷʵֻáƾ͸Ǵˣ
Ĳ˼û£ȳˣ
ãлˣĲ˼лһ˰֣ǰͲ⼸˸ϽߵȻǶûӣ
ȻĲ˼гһڹλϻǲ㣬ҸոҲ㡰ðĲ˼磬ȻҲǸϽˣʲô黹ǰԺ˵ڻ˵ĺã
ߣһѲĦУһ뿪
ֵôˣһĲ˼磬̲סһ
ʲôȥĲ˼ûĺһ
ҪҿȻѣոôһѵ
Ĳ˼㿪Ϳô໰ʣ
Цһ£Ȼ꣬һʻλȥһ˵ãͿҪҿģҪǸٴˣҪɱҪУҲܲˣǿһϵƣ
ȥģĲ˼˳ڸЦţһûУͷ˼һûȫ˳ҪǰʮǸ󺺼
ӣϵ˰ȫɫ˵ûǸͷĻЩˡ
Ĳ˼ЦЦʣ˵˵Ӳͷ
ԣЦŵͷش𣬡㵱Ȼ˵Щˣô˵һûžͻ³ôҲҪһӵĿ̲ŻṩɣҲӦǸӲͷĺ飡
ۡ
Ĳ˼̲סЦЦֱˣڳ̨ϽЦ㡭ѽ㣬˻ʲôͷӲͷǺ顭󺺼顭
ԶҲῪֶֻˣˣǰֻ׵ϿݴԶû
Ĳ˼òֹסЦһı飬̲סЦһŬָ̧ŵλ˵㡭㡭ȲɲȻѵλӡP˳
Ĳ˼署úϸҲͦãĻһ飬ɲһɣһ˵ͣӾͻǰˡ
ͿڵĳǰϿӸÿܸã泵أֻг˳ӵȲŻ¶
ųڹ·ܣߣ˾𽥼٣˵·ûʲôǷĴ󵨵ܡ
˸ʮӣĲ˼ֽתͷһˣѾ൱ˡ
Ĳ˼ԭЩ롱úˣҲͿ˯ûһ˯ˡ
ˮһ㣬˷ܵúܣĸоĺˬڵſڻţµQ5أŲῪ̫˷ѡ
ţߺ󣬺üεԼƺôǳӣԳӵĸоģڿ⳵ʱȴ־һжôûһѶȣ
ڱȥĿʱҲ÷ɿ죬Сʱһξ͹ȥˣɫδоҪˣֲ֪ƵĿĶͷȥҳƿأ߰һûҵ̧ͷȻֳͷ·ˣҪײ·ߵˣŵһɲ
¡һ죬Ӹɲסˣϵ˰ȫĻãֻǰһ¾ֹסˣûϵȫһ˯Ĳ˼һžһ¾ײ˵粣ϣ
Ӵ
ȻǼ͵ȣĲ˼һ»ײòᣬ˯ѹ֪ô£ͷֱߺߡ


88 
ðŻعŤͷͷʹĲ˼ֱ㶡
Ĳ˼ݺݵĶյʲôôģ
˵ҡˣҳƿأûҵһ̧ͷҪײˣϽͲɲ
˵Ĳ˼Ȼʲô˺ߣָ˵Ƕ±һťŤʹ򿪳ˣ
ʱͣŵģȻĴ󵨵¿ϷλôȻһԲתťŤһתƾˡ
Զƹʹã׵ģгԶˢĹܶͬģԶ˳ӡ
ȥǸʲôСĵĿųһĲ˼磬ˣ֪ҪؼһҪȥλϡ
Ĳ˼ָָǰߣǶתȥɣҴ壡
һȥɣҴ壿ȥɣҴʲô
࣬鰸
ʱɣҽ̳ǼζȷʵĲ˼粻˵ǸôҪȥ飿
ӿ·ڣĲ˼˼תȥɣҴķ򣬽ɳ󣬳ӶˣѳٽкܴǣϾǸûмյ֣Ǻܶ·泵涼졣
Ĳ˼絹ǺܾϸĶпҪ֪Ĺǰеת·ϵĳ̵꣬ƣϵתһһָš
ȻͷϾǺˮûгκβİѳɣҴ̳ͣŲĿλϨųĳһ
Ĳ˼򿪳³ͷ㻹³û
Ͻ˳ԿףȻִȥӸſȥ˳
Ĳ˼ǰߣں棬һǰһĽ˵꣬ǰ̨˵ϰ̧ͷ˳ڵӭ١
ֻһ̧ͷĲ˼ʱɫеȻˣɣ롭
Ĳ˼Ǹӡľ죬Ӳԣϲ࣬ȴֲ조顱ⵥôУ򵥡
Ĳ˼ϲ˳ϰ˼ǽ䣬ȴƫƫǰһһ˵ڴ
ǰ̨ܹӣڵʱ࣬ˣ¥ݹϻвٿˣ¥ϵвٿˡ
ϰɫЩȻֲĲ˼˼ֻöЦ˵úúãĲĲ㿴ʲôˣ
һΣϰɲõֲˣĲκζĻ˵ˣʲô͵ʲô˵ǶټλǮȲǮҲǮ
һԵһ࣬ȷԱѲˮ͹󣬶һ˼ڡ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ڰֵϴεһһϺз࣡
ϰϽӦȥˣĲ˼Ų⣬ʱߺڣҲľ
ǰЩڱ˵ˣҲ˵ԭ򣬲𱬣˶࣬·Ĳ˼ʱ̲סÿһŮˣ̨˶࣬˺ŮˣǺȾ£ˡ
Щ˸ǡţ塱ĿǴҫһŮ˻֦չŨױĨģƯĻ٣ܸĲ˼ȽϣһȽЩŮ˼ֱͳɡţʺˡ
ЩȾƵкüĲ˼翴Ҳ֪Ǿ׳˵ʲôԭһȵžƱ߹
˳ŵһͷľ͵ڶԱ˵ǡϻġ˼
Ĳ˼ǰȻȥ飬ɵǸҫĹҰЦ׼Ϸ
Ĳ˼һֻˣģֻһˣһˣ࣬һһģοǻһ
һƹģĲ˼һģһ׼§һ˵ŮʲôģɸҺȱʶʶӴ
˵ʱ׼§Ĳ˼ֺȻʹ̲סʹԼûô£̨ͬӱߣļͬȴǿǶҪϴ󡰵ϷƯŮأ
˭ûϵĲ˼һӦɾľͽǵϴַŤȥϴŤùڵϽʹ
ζûϵģһ֮һ˽кžͳ
𡭡𡭡ϰ˺ңŵøϽܹסӵ·쿪ţһ߼ֱ֡ᣬСɸ硭ҡҸǽһ£ǡ
ûϰѻ˵꣬Ĳ˼Ťŵϴ󡰳ɸ硱˳趼У򣬸ӣŪȥ棬Ҫʶҽʲôˣ
Ĳ˼硰ٺ١һЦһݣɡһ˫ִһդзţʱ򻹰úְܽѽ۵ֱǽл
һһĲ˼ɾĶ֪Щԣټסϴɺ󣬶ʱͣЩ㶣
Ʀӻ˵첻µز£Сһ¡Ǿ¡족ǵġСĲ˼˵ûݣǼ͵˵ǡ족Ǹոջţģһ뵽ƯŮǾ󣬼Ȼʹǵġ桱ˣ
ϰּ³˺ߵĻᡭᣬλǳǹɳµĲСǡǡ
һǾ죬һǸƦӶʱЩ֪ˣ֪ǰǺ󣬸ղĲ˼һַϴĶ֪ƯŮֺǿϴǳĻ죬ܲҪѰ˲Ķ֣ƯŮֵȴֵûУ뿴֪Ůǿ϶Ͳǡƿˣ
ʲô˶ãǲǾ죬ȻĻ춼첻ȥ
ոջڽҪ˻ҪŪȥŪϴȻҲϰġܡˣһʱҲʹҲҽˣ
ϰ϶ЦĲ˼ֻ롰ġĲ˼ġ桱Ҳ֪˵ʲôá
ǲҲǲģȻĲ˼磬ȴЩ˾ԺȲǮƨ˵
ʵЩҲ˵ǮֻǽмԺһϰв׵ģ֪ղˣǣҲǰ׼ǡ
ԵĿκβĲ˼磬һߣŭָҪͷϣʱɾҪùˣ
ûˣĲ˼鵽λ¡𣬿״Ծǡǹסǹֻãֻ˵ͷ򵥣ǸϽˣ˵ĺãҪȻٳԿ
Ĳ˼ЦһϷı飬ûһӣЦʲôЦҲˣŮ˶ұ㻹ʲôˣ
¶ЦݣʹûԼЦ㶼˵Ǻ飬ֲʲôˣʲôŮˣ˵ҲŮˣٺ١


89 
Ĳ˼֪ڡŮˣӾͷģڻô˿رǽ죬ɱǰֵá̫ǳ
ϰ﷢ţϽֹЦĲ˼˵Ĳᣬᡭ쿴ҵϾͱ𡭡ƽˣҽĲͶⵥ
Ҫ˵ǰ˺Ĳ˼һⵥģһ˵ֺȻĲ˼˿ӡ飬ֱ˻ͽⵥĲĲ⣬ԼӴ
˵ԼҲòףĲ˼Լ򵥣˵ķʽЩףƾʲôɵⵥĲ˼ľҪԼⲻԱĲ˼
ɵǸ¡С̧־˦ϰһ⣬ȵϹ˹۰ɣ˶ǵĵĲĵҪô͸˵һҸĲ˵Ǯ
ϰűɿ˵ɥ˵С硭ֻĵĲĵĲúܣ׼ĵһǮС
СŶһЦĵĶĲ˼˵ĲҪô˵һ仰
Ĳ˼ʲôûΥûͣ㴦ʲô˵Υˣѵɵ㴦ˣ
Сɫʱ͵ͨ죬Ĳ˼һġӶˣȴƫƫ
Ĳ˼ȻҪֽɫƨȳһϴɸһԣ±ǶҲס˲١ðͷ
ϰĲ˼ɫһЩ˰˵ȥ£ϲ˵ϲˣǮǮ
ϰһ˸Ȼתֱ
תʱĲ˼鵽мӡ׵ϸߣǸСֺܡءЩգ
죬ӲаŮӲʱϾˣҲ֪϶ǳ˲ٵİʳϰֿֿɺޣ
ɱӱ߶һԣĲ˼ŭҲˣһҲǸܡʹ桱ĺ֣Ȼ֪ͷҲͷŹˣһҲǸѵ˺ߺ󣬰ԿȡˣϽҽˣ뿴ǰθڣ
סЦɴʱĲ˼˺ģúܽҧһѪ
֪Ĳ˼Ǿ죬Ǹ󣬽סʹٽлڵòˣɫ족Ĳ˼Ưƾ֣ǵôӣ
һáɡڿ˼ٿǮҲûľϣʾһˡŮ͸ܲƵ뿪
ӵĿҶ࿴Ĳ˼һۣϽԶջĿߣԼĲˣ˵ҲСöˣԭĴһӾ;öˣ
ϰһ뿪ˣҲ࣬ԶĲ˼͹ֶˣȻҼӶĲʽÿ˵ķȴǺܡ㡱
붼ںˣĲ˼ϰﻹЦеվԱߵķԸ׵ϸߣЩ˰˵ȥæİɣ
ϰŵͷЦǺǵĻصǰ̨Ĳ˼Ȼӡֲˣֲˣǻ˵㲻ӣҲõö࣡
ʢһ̧࣬ۼĲ˼һ˫۶򡱣Ͻʢ͵ǰԣ
Ĳ˼ЦĶ࣬ճ໹ֻ̣ԡ
Լʢһ֪̣࣬ҲûȺ࣬ǰţȻ˿ܲܲݵζ
ϰҪСϺ࣬ߡ
Ȼ䣬һϤŮ̧̨ǸطȥֻǿӰҲϵóǸɣϼ
˳Ĳ˼ȻҲ˳˵ڵǸϱôҲǲԼˣ
ɣϼĲ˼ǡ޼ɵ˵Ҳסתͷһһˣˢһ¾ͺˣſڽ˵㡭㡭ôôǡ
Ĳ˼˵йԼ˵İɣ
νĲ˼ġɣϼƻͰ͵ĽţǡûԼûԼģɡҲ֪
͸ʲô׵Ķ˵Ǻڵˣʲôɣ˵ûʲôʲôҲ£
Ĳ˼һҪӷһҪ˷Ե⻰Ҳȷ˵úܶԣõŽʲô
ɣϼǿģĲ˼̲ס롰׽Ū
㲻ٵˣһԣĲ˼һɣϼԸֽϰһ;߹
ɣϼæҡ֣ˣˣѾԹˣҵܻܵҽԺ裬˸͹ȥǳԵģ
Ĳ˼硰ŶһʣҽԺˣ
ಡɣϼҲ˵ͷش𣺡ǽ翪ʼҽԺƳٵ硣
ɣϼ˵ǡಡĲ˼֪ⲻСҲ׽ŪԸϰϰ㣬ҲԲˣ
ǽеһ˷࣬ϰŪһ˷࣬Ĳ˼Ҳˡ
ȻᷴԣϰϽ˷İ󣬹ﻹʣ˵ķʢһ룬Ƶɣϼǰ˵˵
ɣϼҡԹˣ
յԾͳԣ˲ɣ㻹ڣ
ɣϼһְѡڡ˳̲סЦˣ
Կ϶治࣬Ҳġ㣬˵ԸƢ͸ˣ춹ģ˵ñ˭ݣȴԡ෴
ɣϼҲûܾ˿ڶ氲ĺࡣ
Ĳ˼粻ɵҲϹЩΪҲó֮ȷûа㡰ɣϼȴޣϲʩۣ֬һŮ棬ȻǵĲҼģ治׽Ū
ҳԱˣǾ˳ȥҽԺɣĲ˼Ѳųһڵһƣվ˵
Ǵڴڵ࣬Ĳ˼Ļ˴漴Ĳ˼ȥˣοοɣϼĲ˼ƽʱ׺ݺݵġǧʵĵȴǳ
ɣϼ㶣ҲĲ˼˼Ͻҡ־ܾòãԼȥͺã鷳ǡ
Ĳ˼бһȥȥ
ȥȻȥҵԱʺϰ£õָɣЩίҲЩšŻˣóڶĲ˼治һֱסȥԽ⣬Խʢˡ
Ĳ˼һ㶣ûϵȻ涥ײ⵹ǱȽټ飬һȻתˣˣ


90 ׵ɺڵ
ðɣϼĲ˼綼׼ȥᣬϽǰУЦ˵ɣҲжأһˣ
ʱɣϼȻܻĲ˼ˣֻĸм
˵ţɣϼȻתͷĲ˼粻˼˵ҡҸˣҪؼõ㶫ϰ壬㡭ǻȥæԼɣȥҽԺĲˡ
öðɣҲûʲô£ȥҰɣ
ɣϼǼţһʱҲЩԥ
ʵǲʲôóԵȥˣұ֤Զ
ɣϼһ죬Ͻҡͷ˵ǲʲôóԵҡʲôûأ͡ҼʲôóԵĶҲòŲذҪ㡭ǳԵġ
ûʲô㻹ʲô£һӶֱֱľ˵˳Ūɣϼֺ죬ֱҡͷͣûСûвضǾȥɣȥҼɣ
Ĳ˼Ϸһ㣬Ȳ˵ҲʾȥɣϼϽǰͷ·
Ȼ֪ҵķ򣬾СӾͷֻĲ˼粻֪
û·ƣеڣͳֻʹֵͲܣƹܿԶĹ⾰
Ĳ˼ǰͷߣôô죿ѵƯŮԱʲôϵ
ߵӾͷԺſǾľţ֨ѽһͿˣû
ԺɣϼϽǰ棬Ժĵƴ򿪣ȻǺĵƣеİ׹⿴ǺöˣʲôһⶼûУֻǶдֻӰ죬֡
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һȥ衭
ڰ˵õˣҪʲô͸ϽߣúҾǸϰ塯һ
ɣϼҧŴסЦ㲻Ƕϰʲô
Ĳ˼ԺӣСԺȻªȻܾɣݲݵĲõþҲܸɾͬɣϼһһ֡崿ӡĸо
ɣϼȥ˲ˮ˳ȻŽȥʰ˵㶫Ϲװˣ׼кĲ˼ʱԺһ죬һˡ
ͺᣬƺֻʮӣĵģЩ㡱
ɣϼòЩƣ²ܾɣϼĵܵܡ
ȻɣϼһͲʵܵܣôأأôˣ
ܵĲ˼磬ڳƺЩϰߡЩŤĻش𣺡衭˯ˣҽ˵˯Ϣ׼ʿҲһǶ˵ҩЩ΢İҩ˯ñȽϳǶҲûһлʿԽһ
ɣϼһ㶣ⶼ׼ҪȥҽԺˣܵȴȻͻˣ˵ȥҽԺһӾͰ˼ˣ֪ǼȥҽԺأǾڼ
Ĳ˼ҲǲȥҽԺˣڿڴͣһƱһٵķϣȻվ˵ɣС㣬ǾˣǵһС˼ӪƷӰɡ
ǲУԲУɣϼϽȥǮĲ˼̬Ⱥܼ
Ĳ˼ʾ˵仰ɣϼġ⡱
ѹͲҲûҪߵ˼ŲԺǴǸˮ
ɣϼĵܵҲ˵Ĳ˼ǸƯŮӣȻЩͺߣûǰ˵
Ĳ˼ôȰ˵ɣϼɿҲ֣ӲǲҪǮ
Ĳ˼̧ͷˮ۲̲סյͲܸ˵˵
ûشһ̽ͷˮһְֻó⣬ͷȥˮ档
ˮֺܺڣֻܿǺԶĹܲǿ߾ֻյңȻ
ˮܺڣҹЩȫûйߵ£Ҳǿģй߲ſõȻ˵ĻҲӦļ
ڰɣ൱ûɣϼʱɣϼԺǿˮйŹֵ£ȷʵˣֻҹ￴㡣
ˮڿЩġǱƺʱʱûУûϸҲҿ϶ˮһСֻǿһ㡰Ȥ
ʱʵҲ£ֱɣϼңٴοˮ
ʱϸ۲죬ͷ̽ˮȥʱȴûС֣Ҳ֪ǲ˵ԭ򣬷һ㶼ûз֡
ˣѵ۾˻þɻţһֹ۲ˮڡ
ڶʯɵģһֱ쵽濴ĵط֪ˮжҲ֪ˮ˶ʯͷڡ
һߣĲ˼վûСӮɣϼɣϼǮӲˣȻ˵֡ĻֻʮɣϼһĶ֣ɣϼ䡰Ҳû취ֻȴջǮŤͷڿˮʱһ̤߹Ť·Ͱˮһơ
һûע⣬Ӵһˮһƫµ
Ĳ˼粢ҪȥһѵʱƱץĵ·ץźݺ˵һƽˮȥĺһˮ
ɣϼܵҲŵøϽܹɣϼţ𡭡ˣ⡭ˮ
Ĳ˼ɣϼܾܹɫˣ̲סٺ١һ˵ôҾװɣǵȥ
Ĳ˼һ˵һ߳ߺĲʹ졣
ɣϼĲ˼˻ؿһˣ
ɣϼĵܸܵϽǽ߷ŵһԲεľù˾ϣ̧ͷĲ˼˵ˮĺСʱүү˵ˮͨӣû׵ģǿˮ
Ĳ˼絭ͨôֲȥ
ɣϼöͷŵЦ˵ЩˣˮҪʧȥˣˮֲ˶ģЦ濪ѽ
Ĳ˼ɣϼЦЦĵӴҲ֪㵽ϱػԱأôżţĪĺ֪
Ĳǡɣϼʱ÷ϣֱҡַϡ
˼عͷĲ˼ȵһûȢϱҺ
Ĳ˼ɣϼšɫ۹ı˵㲻źҾͰƸɣҪϸŶɣׯţӦòǸׯҲϻףˣǵŰɣ֤飬ɲŮòһԣһ˫ɲһ𡭡
ϹЩʲôһҪ죬ֻ»Ҫ˵ĪĻ
ɣϼúܣߵ޴룬֪˵ʲôá
ɣϼĵܵȴǺܡ桱ĶȻɣϼ㣬㡭潻ˣǲ˵Ǹϰ塯


91 ̽
ɣϼʱܵܵĻŪǱͨ޲ڵҸȥ
ʵ֮ȻûʲôģĲ˼ǰǰġܵܵĵ棬һӸúСɸ˵Ĺϵһˡ
ɣϼܵʵ൱Ϊ鼫ãֻΪõŮˣ˵ֳôƯиõĹ޾Ӧõ飬˭ȢǡҸ
˵Ҳ˵֧ʮ˾ϰ壬Ҳϰڶͷˡʮ򡱵Ľ˵˶ʮծ񣬵ʵ˶ʮֽһ˵ѧձҵѧҵһݺõĹʹҵõĹһнˮܴﵽʮ㡰족ˣôܲϰͷʮ򽱽
Ҳǲǽϰ塰Ļ족̰ͼɫ˵ϰΪˡ
ɣϼȻܻܵϰʲôԼͼӴ׵İܰƤһϰݣֽΪʲôᷢôĽΪڵڶϰУ׬һǧϰŷĽ𣬰˵ģ
ô˵ܵܰﻹǾ˸ϰ塱ȻûдҲ࿴Ҳ࣬ĵصҲзֱǷǵϰôܻǸϰ塱
˵ʵﻹţϰҪܱġ򡱣飡
ȻͷҲֻ룬˵ǸղǸƺ㶼ҪƯֵŮӾȻ˵Ǹϰ塱ǡŮѡϵ˷ָ˵ľ˳
ɣϼԲܵܣĲ˼˵ϰ壬ȻǱ߲ҪȥˣǶȥϢɣҡǳӰɣڡ
ˮţĲ˼ȴشҲãһؼһ£
Ĳ˼Ťͷ˵˳·ǵ̰ɣ
ҡҡͷȻȥҸɣϼл˵
ܡͻأĻĲ˼Щ㵣Ҳɣϼֲ֪룬ɣϼĵܸܵǸϰǡסˣ޲þ͵һˣ
Ĳ˼羪Ƭ̣žͰڰЦǸһǺãҾҰɣҲﵱݣˣˣ
ͣ˵֡
Ĳ˼ЦšһڣȻʩʩȻˡ
ȵĲ˼һߣɣϼ;óǲȻֲܵɵıȻóƫƫһֵĽͶ˵ⲻ͵Ĭ
˭˵ɣϼ˵Ϊ֪ܵѾΪˣԽܾܵԽᡰϡʲôͻһЩ
ͷţƺʲôɣϼһżϽ˻˵ϰ壬ҵܵɣƣ
˵ͷȥ˵ɵϱĶҲڵϰ壡
㡭ɣſھ׼˵򡱣ɣϼ͵ĵܵ˵׵Ļעһ⻰֪˵ʲôһ־һѡ
ɣơӴһлá־û˵һŭĶʱû˵
ûע˵ʲôƺڳ˼ʲô
ɣƿ˿յĽ㣬ո뿪ǸƯ㡱˵ˡݡĻһϽ˵㣬磬ȥͬѧҽ踴ϰϣҪ£Բˣ˼
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ɣһЦһ߰ԺܣͲĻᡣ
ɣϼֲֻܵյŲ˵ܵһߣԺ;һ
ȴǸˮ˼ûһġ⡱ƺһû˼й࣬ھ˴һ鲻ԽֽɣСǵģһߣҪҪֶŵǿôźã
һ󣬺Ȼ̧ͷ˵ɣϼûУӸң
ӣɣϼһ㶣͵һѵѵҪ
ƺЩִ㣬Ӹң
ŶɣϼҲϸϸ˼ӦһͼĻָͷֵ׼Ժٴһ·ļӵġ
һùӣһְЩĶɬŵɣϼ˾ˮǱߡ
㡭ɡʲôɣϼһʱ̵úܣͰ͵ţֻţҪˮ߻Ҫ桱ʲôô죿
ˮߺ漴ɿ֣һͷϵ䣬Ȼ˼£ѺְӵһͷϵھϣȻŶɣϼԸţˮţȥһ¡ʣֵͲûУһң
Ҫ¡ˮɣϼв죬ּǳϣȻſŻ
һߵͷһ̽ͷˮ￴ţںҲְֻͲ򿪣ҲԶ
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Ϊ¾϶Ҫ˫˫ŵֽżûпյģҪǻҪֳֵͲǿ϶ͷɢܲ㡣
ͷʽĿƾˣͷϣ۾ĸ򿴣ƹָĴĵǹһ
ɣϼ˼һʱ࣬һͷŴһɻͽ͵ҰǰڿģǾã˵ڼﵱֵá
˵ͷѿƴ򿪣ǵƹŵƹĵطֱ̫ˣ
ɣϼϾھ׼ȥһϽ㵽Ҫʲô⾮˵ֲǿݾˮأҪǵˮô죿
ʲô£Сĵɣʲôԭ򣬵ȥٸϸͣͷ˵һţı顣
ɣϼɻ治֪ҪʲôȰֹסֻȥΨһľһ˫ץӣץӾ͸оһ㣡
˵Ϊʵ̫ˣӡ濪ʼһֱͱϷŪý߲ѣһֱǵá˼롱ţȵġϰ塱ƺ
һ뵽ͷɣϼ̲סķ̣ﰵԼɣϼɣϼôˣôôˣ
Ѿĵطˣôȵ죬ˮȴϯϯƺһյһ㡣
ҪСĵ㣡ɣϼһ˺̲סˮлš
û£һСģͷҲ̧ˮشţˮкصĻһСġСġСġġ
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ֱʱɣϼŷȻޱȵġšİΣֺȻ뵽Ҳһֱϰ塱ôֱˣ


92 ж
ƽʱˮƺҪ½óܴˮƷµӾϵȡ
ɣϼЩŵĶž棬һʼܿӰȥ׺ӰЩģˣֻһƵĹӰ
ϰ壬õ𣿡ɣϼﺦ£һ߿һ߽С
һˡĻشһҲ֪˵ʲôأɣϼֻ죬һӰȻʧˣһڡ
ɣϼûɢеôˣôˣ
شûˣɣϼΪˣһһ߽֣һֲ˼Ӿ
ɣϼеֱڡޡһҲ֪Ϊʲô͸Ƶۣƺܲʵǰ
ȻһƬȻɣϼͺºڣѹʲôû룬ֻŲʲôҲҪȥˮ
ڵʲôɣϼץӣһ˫ھ̽š·һ̽һ
þʯͷģÿһʯͷ϶ܷŽżķ϶Խ£ռԽһЩ
ɣϼ׺󣬻ûġش̲ס˳ʵĳż
ֿɣϼκεĻشڡˮûԽʲôԽż
ԽʲôɣϼľԽĳףĶȻ;Ȥˣ
ʲôأ
Ȼ䣬ɣϼһѭѰңȴʲôûȻһƬʱΪżˡþˣ
ߣ棬һ㣡ɣϼ־ϲǲǻþֻҪǡáĸо
̽ȥʱɣϼǰһкȻͿˡߡ
۾˺һȻߺ󣬺ЩӦӦ˼ȻۣʱſԭطһȥĶѨǴ洫ģΪת䣬ſĹˣ
طľˮȻܽˣõˮܸоˮ͸ġϢ
ᴦȥĶѨǿҲСһףǴСھζǿѨġ
Ѩ״ɣϼ˵ߣߣ
ɣϼﶸȻּĸоѪڳ嶯Уʲôû룬ȥ͡塱˹ȥ
ȥ·ƽһϡķ򣬶һ˶ں󣬿ռʹףͷվܶײͷ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһ˲䣬ɣϼܲľӿ˳ȥͰһѡ§ʵľͿ
㡭ʲôޣңѲһ滹ˣ
ҡΪˣɣϼŻش
ֺЦֺʲôϵأҲȥתԾûкѽ§ôҶҶˣ
ҲܣɣϼĵĿţˣˣ
оɣϼȷʵǡšˣ§ţйһӺɣϼֹס˳о١§ЩȻʱɿ֣
ĳ˼ڴոձɣϼĽ§յú˼о泩ЩɣϼĽź͡ġЩжɲɣϼǰ¶κһɤӣȻҼͷλùüͷʪһţı𣿡
ޣɣϼʱ̿һЦ˵ǡɷ羰Ҷˣ㻹ҡ˵ô
١һЦûȡЦɣϼǶⶴѨһʯڷŴ
ɣϼҲ۹⿴ȥһʯЩơʱ뵽ˮôôһ
ѨкԵġ˹ۼʱ˭һˮ
ⶰլɣҵϲҵźɣټһݲҵսɹ鹫үүɣװĴִǹˣһఢɣΪûκεġɾ͡ŹһⶰլʱɣҵĲ񷿣ɣסӡ
ɣɣϼүүһųֳ̣ױǹþ͸ؤ˶٣Ȣţɣϼĸɣɣǰõһ˵ŮźһƶϴɣȻòǸŮ˵ĸ棬ֻµĶӸ
ɣǷİɣЩɣʱѾˣʮһСɻʮͲڳÿɻõĹϰ֡
ɣΪɷݲãʮȢףϱΪΣΪһҲǳãǵǸԽԽ٣ʲô¶Ҫ˲ǰ;ϱȻƯܶ˴ѣȴû롰Ȣ϶ֻռˣľɣáˡ
˽ҲһŮһӣŮɣϼɣ꣬ŮӶ游ĸŮƯӢ飬ʱ˳ӵƲɻǰѺ֣͸ǲʮǧ
ɣ屻ǹʱûɣֻƬɣҵĲҵȫ乫ΪɣҡءĴ˵͡ʿĲѰնûѰһ˿
ɣϼĸҲûǸ̹첡ү׿κϢһ˵Ѿáĸ￪źУͼͷԴɣһЩС׬СǮҲԶȸǿ
ûãɣͳˣڿֻಡɣϼһɴ˾ǲ
ҲһֱɣұصĴ˵ɣϼȻҲ˵û£˵ǰһʱǴﵽ۷壡
Ϊڽ̳ڳһԬͷǷ˴ˡʵɣұص£Ҳ˴ڶ˰ѽ̳˸ò
ȴûһڵ̳ڵɸһҲûٳһöֵǮͭǮ˸ûջڱȶֽ
ɣϼŵСơʯʱƺʯϵġơ죬һʱ벻Ķ
֮Ի¾Ϊʱֿһ˿ޣ֣¾Ѱҵ¶жһ˿ʧˡ
жҲֻʮȥ·ʯڶͷΪ⻬ʯЩֵġơ涴ʱ֣
һ˿ֵıʯʧֵúܣʯںʲôΪʲôð


93 
ɣϼǸԵŮӣעһֱʯϣûзϣղ֡¶Ϊ϶иġоǻļͳ嶯һҲ侲ˡ
ŶʯڳɣϼȻоϷ̣ղԼġ֡ƺ̫Լˣ
ʯһ°ͳ˼ʯϵġơǿȥģȻǡ̡ģȻ˼ˣԼԭֻ¾ЩУ
ƺ֣ͼӳó״ġơҲʲôͷоǡһ·
һ뵽ʱʱһָо·Щ֡ʦġͬǡ̫Ͼ֮Ǹ֡
Ҳֻһƣȫ񣬺ܹŹ֡
ʲô˼ָָؽڼⲿʯڣԵЩն
գͱʾʯںǿյģǲƬʯںʲô
߾ʯںʲôֵȻǲǱʾƬʯںǿյģҲûʲôأ
ҪȻĻôҲܿɣ
ҪʲôصĻҲհӲҲʯڸ˰ɣ
ãŤͷɣϼҲʯڷЦѧʸߣǻʲôʲô𣿡
ɣϼҡҡͷüͷ˼ҺĶ⻨Ƶģһ벻
˼˵ж϶żȻҲɣ˹ɣȻɣҵĲҵҹɣйأ㸸ûиЩ
ɣϼҡҡͷûУҰִûⶰɣҵĲҼҾס⣬һжҳˣɣҿ˵ǡһƶϴɣϵĶûһǡ
˵ɣϼһ߿룬һ̲סץԼͷգӡģоĶ⻭ģ벻
ļοˣ벻벻ɣκ鶼ǿˮɹ䲻𣿡
ɣϼ̧ͷЦЦЩüǰЩ˼
ֵˣǵȥɣҲҪˣдӰɣðѴÿҾⶴ϶Щܡ
˻صˮڴ׼ɣϼϵ䵱ȫʱľֻԮʱȻ뵽һ⣡
ɣϼղʱûϵȫ
ɣϼһ㶣ҪϵʲôȫҽûлӦµòˣֱӾץˣ
һȻ֪ɣϼö˶˵վǰȻ̲ס£ʱѾ˶жɣϼûʹκεİȫʩҪһõˮľˮһӾ
һʱ䣬亹乣ŻȻɣϼŭһ߸ϵȫһյǽ㲻ҪԺٲͳ㣬ڻڼ䣡
ɣϼƺѾ͸ġĻش𣺡˵вУҶˣ㰮
һ㶣ʱЩƿڣ
ǰûɣϼסһ㶼²־ˣǵǸ⣬Ųʱ򣬻ʲôŵģ
ȥȥٸϸϸˣƬ̣úûӡȻ׶ֺݺݵ˵Сĵˤȥ϶̲ʬģ
ɣϼͿʲôûˡ徢󣬵׻ЩˣӣȻŰȫ
䣬úܽҪûȵü嶥סһ㶼¡ûȳɣϼ
ɣϼͣһ£̡ڡƺмҺ䵽ϣʪʪģʱЩˣ⣬˵úˣɣϼ˵ˣ˼һŮӣƤȷӦ˵ôݣҪ㣬ºˣ˼Ҹ˵ˣ
ɣϼͣһµģȻģԥһ²˵˺ˣҳ˵ЩԣǸҲˣˣ
ɣϼͷҲûصĵ˭ˣֺʹ
Ϊǿ桱Ҳû˵ݻ̼ˣòײȥ
ˮڣɣϼڵֱһھ;һӭҹˣ¶Ҳʮϣˮ¶Ӧʮңпܸ͡
ʱɣϼͷϵĿƵƹɣϼϣ۵ģаġʹ족ûĺۼ
ת죬ȥԱˣ
ֹţ־ָеճõǰһָֻϺʵĶȾˣһʲôʱȾôˣ
ΪǺīˮЩȡζϸ˿ŷȾֵĲīˮǡѪ
˴ˮиɣϼʱģʱԼΪǱԼˣڲףһֱڽšʹûпޣϵѪˮ
ʱץŵʯͷȻҪϺܲˣ˵ķʱȫһ˫֧ţĦʹĺ׾ˡ
ֻһȥɣϼİΣżȥʱûȫϵʹãƾͽץȥģϵ˿϶ǸʱܵˣʱֻҪһĴͻԭ˿ŪøأѪͻø
һ£̲סǰһץɣϼֻһ˫ֵѪܵģ˵áҲ̶á
ʱסˣ
ΪɣϼڶǱˣʵûпޣϱղ˶εѪˮ˵ףȫΪԼİΣŲһеȥģһŮӸΣգˡж⻹ʲô
ɣϼϵûʲôر𡰲ʹ족ı顣
ԽǵȻԽǲΪȻµı飬Խܣɣϼĥоܹĥʹ࣬һƤ˲һ㣬ָоܶܶ࣡
һ˲䣬롰§ɣϼʹһɣϼͬ
ôˣ㶣ɣϼֶ쵽ǰ˶ЦǲѪģֻǲƵƤһѪѪעһˣҲ֪һôѪ
ϤϤ£Ťȥ˵ôѪšдûУҵĴøһ£
ɣϼۡһӰУ
ѧУɣϼЩĴŮͬѧŮӵԸƽʱ˵ܴӡһ˵ӡʱ̲סЦˣ
ȻҽȥãɣϼһЦһݡ
ɣϼһҶһֹţȥĶˣôҲʱôҪõˣ


94 ϼӶ
ɣϼڷҴӣö˵죬ˮߵţһڿ˼ţһ˿ıй¶µһֱ׷ѰжʯڴʧˣۻǸûС
ֻ۾⣿
ַԼ۾⣬Ϊκ嶼ܿھʼɽǴֵġΡ֮ƺоԼǿ࣬ǰֻܿ챦ġȴܿκֵġ
ġԽ࣬Խ׵ö࣬ƣϵκ嶼СģֻͨƷܵмֵƷŨ֮ǰֻܿмֵƷðġΪǿֻܿŨǿ˺ͨõˣ
һиԵĲͬǰƷġʱʱԳһͻáƣۡȴûĸо
ڿԺǽݰʯͷе֣֤˲۾⣡
ϰ壬ҡҵˣҵˣȻ䣬ɣϼſ鲼һĶܳһ߼˵һ߻֡
ҽһѴӣÿ鲼ʲôأҵ𣿡һûôӳʱûĳ
ɣϼȻһ˷ܣֱǿ顰֪Сʱ򴩵ĶǶ˵Ƕ游үү׶ģ֪ʲô֯ɵģܽ˺ü˶û
ʱֺЦֺ˴˵ĶǶʲôֵú˷ҫģôҲûСȻʲôֵúġ
ɣϼȻ˷ܵ˵ؼĲǶǶǶǶϵĻƣ㻹û𣿡
һͷȥɣϼŵǼѾɫĶǶڵƹ¹ȻǶЩƺĻơ
ƳΣֲͼͼӣֻһ͡һ£
ͼˮǶжʯϵͼμһģһ
˴漴ǶǶõԼϸ۲죬ϸ֮£Կ϶ǶϵͼʯϵͼһģҲǿԿ϶ʯϵͼɣϼΪģ϶ʲôܣ
ɶǶȻûб¶ѾʶܸɶǶйأ˵ǶͲɣұصܣ
ɣϼͷս˵Ƕ֮ûӵһΪʹ˶ûҲɣĶɣҾεĲңˤƬûһƬ
оǶɣϼȤֵͷ˵Ҿ˵죬϶ʯϵͼ벻ղȥҴӣڷݽǵʱ򣬿޵ϹϰŵǶһ
СǶƽԺϣȻÿϸ飬ʵӶǶǵֻһɫġ֪ǶĹʺܵһûбʣҲ͵˵ˣ۶Ƕûмв㣬涼бĶ
ŵƹϸҲ֤ʵǶֻһ㵥ģûмв㣬˲ϵġͼ쳣
һʱǶϵͼ붴ʯϵͼȫһ϶ĳЩϵô붼벻˿õ룬Ǿò÷ʲôƹƹҵһãʯø֪ʯںûˣ
ɣϼҲǶǶѰ˼˵ӣһȥʯڣûʲôܣ
˰ɣȥˣɣϼҡҡͷ۾ȻŶǶ̫ˣҾɭɭģʲôܲܣˣ
ٺ١һЦ˼ĵ㡭˵ɣбûҪҵǼҵıأûˮǶжܾͲҵıأ
ɣϼۡһЦ˳̲סָ˵Ķͷ˵ѽ㣬С˵ӿ˰ɣҿеĶᣬʡʡɣҴûȥϹ
һûûСģСҳ㡭
ɣϼĶͷҲȻá̫㡱˵㣬Ͼϰ壬óĻŭˣɳɣһڣҲʮĽ𣬷ǷǮֲǷҵǮ㰮ͳɣǲԿģ
ȻҲǣԼڳԿʲôµģ
һɣϼЩ⡱ı飬һյô
ã
ɣϼҧŴȻײһ˫۶
Ҳˣɣϼη塱ʱûʲôõİ취ǲӦöáҪһֱ̬ͲҸԼôᡱˣ
ҶˣԣɣϼûС硱ˣҲ̫ûӣϽ˵ˡ
ˮڣƺһǿġħɣϼļң˵ȥҲͲ˼ǿҪȥ⻹иؼһǣɣϼȻԴ˵еɣұغȤ˵ȱǮúܣôܲȤ
ɣϼıû˼棬ͲôȻˣҲпǴСڿгɣϼ̫ʵˣͲšء˵Ǹʵۡ
ɣϼȥƯΣ֪Ǹȫܡ͵ģķ˺ּ֣ܲȻСһ׮ˡ
ɣϼȥûһֳˣ˵ûˣȥһƿڼҵŰɣһͻ
ںģ·ҲϨˣЩģԺߣеˣȥϻȣ
ɣϼڰֵ㲻ȥҪʲôˣڼЪŰɣ
һָ˼ﲻĵ˵ҶͣͳԶˣҪ·
ɣϼոˮµôۣǶ
Ȼ䣬ɣϼƺе㡰Ȼ򡱵ĸоЦЦ˵֪ˣ㲻һֱ˵ɣҪתĨǵôɡ
ޡûľ͡˳
ɣϼЦŵѽ˵Ц֪ǿڣĲҪңѽǵ춹ģ˼ȴƫƫҪѻ˵ôݣ˵ô飬֪ҵһϰͲ㱻˵ˣǵĻᱻ㳴
һ࣬ߺ˵˵ɵɣƫƫ˼ҽ˵бأһ㶼Ϲ룬Ҫô˵أƺܶ˵ɣҿ㻹Ƕǡġ
óڳɣϼȻˣû˼Իǳһʲô˼
ɣϼȷûףͭǱأȫذɣû˵ġʲô˵˼
ٺ١˵ûʲô˼ǶϼӶ
˵ܡѾɣϼջˣȻǡϼӶԭ˵ġġô˼


95 Կ
ɣϼҧŴ˼׻ǰڡô˵ıᣬôҲơϰѿ
ˣҪȥȥɣ˴ٵĻͽҺˣ
ٺ١ЦҪҲǽɣôʲôõģ
ɣϼ¶ЩЦݣҾ͵Ưˣ
ȷʵܺڣϴʱһŻ谵ʵС·ƣǿŻ谵·Ҳˣںе˲
ɣϼߵòȻܺڣΪ̫ˣȻȴһû⣬ֻͲߵ
ֻͲĵƹյòԶǰһţ̫ڣŵҲòǺһǳһŵĺš
ɣϼпӻе׮ĵطͣײ棬ֲֹ굽Ķȥˣѵȥͬѧˣ
һ·һ˵ôˣ㵣ʲôģͭǴɿӰԺﲻȥʱ䣿ܲںɣ
ɣϼȴ̾һ˵ҵܵܺܽԼңȥһһǮ롭롭
˸֪ΪҪ򣬹ɵСӣ뵱ݣȫ㣬Բҽ˵ģ
ڰпɣϼû죬ȴ΢΢ŤŤȻЩŤ˵ţҲоõ˵㣬ȻҲûЩͷȻҲûаڡͷٶЩ΢΢ʧ
ͷɬɬģȻ䣬ɣϼһӾΪʲôһͷѵѵϲ
ǲǡֻǸмңֻǸмѣɣϼϣָоԼϡ
һμʱΪļĸ׵Ĳûע⵽ڶμԼȥӦƸʱûС⡱ȫֻСмȻ̶̼ϰӴڱġԶУȴ鲻Խľϲˣ
Ҳáһ顱壬ֻҪһʱ;á̤ʵȻ˵ĻֻᡰԶƫƫ;źܣڿʱôô˳ۣ
ֻȻûһ㡰ͷǰǵʡϷƺûаɸŮǺȳⲻϣϣ
ɣϼһһ̲ס̾˿ȴû뵽ϺȻһ£Ӵһˤȥ
Աߵּۿ죬һ־ץסɣϼΪɣϼ·ûзһˤˤúץץסԸȴҲһˤȥ§ˤµصʱˤɣϼ浹һûˤţ
Ӵ̲סʹƨɣˤúۣɣϼŤ˼Ťûж
һյʹ㻹ѹҸ
ֲۣɣϼ᲻ָоƽʱûҲ˼ôʱýһ¡
ʵˤʹˣƺţӴǲۣۣ
ɣϼȻҲ˼ˣŤ֪ʲôһˤģϺںҲ
ͷڵѰţֻƹչȥֻһֽƤһˣųţʱɣϼ˶ŵ˺ü
⡭ʲôʲôɣϼŵɫˣŵǸӰ循ţӴһЩֵϸһȻǡ㣿
ǸӰۣЩ˼˵磬㡭ң꣡
ꣿ㣿ɣϼһһǸ˹Ȼǵܵɣ꣬ͷЩң˯ɵģϸסһһ߷Ūͷһյô˯Ҫ˯ôؼ˯ˣ
ɣڨڨЦЦȴûн͡
һӾˣɵСӣܹƧ־ǿСӣͷûʲôѵģûʲôȥֲ뻨Ǯɣϼġദ
ɣϼһһỨֱתܵʲôв׵ģ˳ͷֵԺɱɵˣȥ㶫һȥɣһؼңȽԵģ
ɣһЦһץɣϼǰյ˵ɵСӣ϶ҧôĺ񣡡
ˤúۣɣϼܵݡ顱Ҳܸжûٺ۽лǽ
С괦ɣϼϰһƿͣȻŤͷҪʲôϣ
ɣļᶫɣ
ɣŠͷЦ˵׳øţһҪʲôʲôһ˿ȥ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôɣǺͶԵǶǰġԴ
ְϰйϰ壬ǼϰǸһ֣ҶҪһǮ
ɣϼ˵ʱǮĶѸ٣һѴ󳮳ڹ̨ϣϰ壬Ͻˣ
ϰɣϼȻúܣǺЦ˵ҪôǮһֻҪһʮ߿飬˺üǧǺǡ
ŶһһٵҾٿǮԺҪʲôٿ۳ˣ
֮ûǮҲףɣ㶼ĺǿˣǮŶǲͬ⣬ҲϰɣŸٿǮҲûʲôһҲܻô顣
ɣϼĲܣҪھܾʱһ˵ϽȥԵİɣöˣٵٵһӿٿ飬һ쳴㣬㻹ڣ
ɣϼֺЦֺǿͷ˵˳ˣ˵㡱£еܵڳҲСϰڳȻӣ
ɣѵеġᡱܶô顱˵ȻһԣҪǡϲôô˳
СϰǮˣˣЦǺǵ˵ҲãҾͼǸˣһʮ߿飬ʣٰʮǮҶˣԺʲôٳˣ
ɣĿϣֶ˵һϷŵҼϵһҿȥ
ɵľͰһϲʮķȻ
ɣϼȻǮ£ѱѱĸ󣬵ܵɣһ䡰޻˵ɬѡ
ʵɣ굹ǹôƺģʵʵڵİ˽ѣĽԲѿڶ
ߵ·ɣ̲ס˵㣬ȥӰϿȥҾȥӰԺ
ң
ɣϼһӾͷҿ˯ǰɣҪҾͲܵܣ
ɣšͷ˵㣬治ȥ˯ұ֤ȥӰðɣ
ʲôУؼȥɣϼһӶԽ


96 
ɣƺҸӲšʹͷԹԵĻȥ
ȥɣϼ˳ɣԺ
óɣǸĺǿȴֲϲʵĴкԸɣ꼸ǰķ棡
ǵõ֪ܿ˵ɣ궼ҪԱա
ɣѧУûʲôѣҲôѣȴ˵Ķܡ׽ףɣ˽һġˡġ򡱣Ըһĸ˷ſĽˣǾȫȫĽܣ
ŰԱߵɣ꣬ļͷ˵꣬𣿡
ɣҡҡͷش𣺡£ǰҵֻҽ裬Ϊǣҿҵȥ
˵ͷǡɡɣʵ뷨һ꣬ԺϺõûУ
ɣתͷʹĵһͷ˵룬һŬ飬ʹ飬ͷأǮԺҽõ
ô˵Ļﶼ衣
ЦŵĻţû
ɣ꿴ɣϼóǼǶɣӹȥһ͵ͷش𣺡ģҺҽСʱùĶǶϻ֣СʱһϵãСѧ꼶ſʼϵЩ֡
֣һϽѶǶùȥרżǶĴǴӾһ۳ɶԣ߷ϴ߷⣬һصط߷Ѿˣ⿪߷¶
ܵѪ
ϸЩ֣ȫýģǱīдģԲжãڱûӰ졣
õľ֣ϱ߾Ϳˡ
ʲô˼ǲ²ԥһֶɣ˵꣬ȥðѼ
ãɣ˵ľͻȥ˼Щ棬û̫ࡣ
˼СĵĽǶϵ߷Ȼ󲦿ŵƹϸǶв֣ǣж죬زرأӡɣӵܣѪΪָ
ΪЩֲûбŷֿǹŲ⣬ðžô˼Ϊһ䣬һ仰ʮ֡
֮ǰֻܵѪ֣Ȼ²ʲô˼ڰ仰ٶЩˣ
ʯϵͼƸǶϵһģһԭ;ƺЩ񡰷⼸仰е˼²⣬пܾʲô֣
Ķжбأӡţž˼Щ˼
ɣӵܣѪΪָ֪˵ҪáѪ·أʲô˼
һ̧ͷɣ꣬ȥ̽һ̽ɣ
̽ɣȻţˮʲô̽ģǸˮôСȥӾɣ
ЦŽͣⶴܣҸѾȥиûΣա
Ŷã˵Ѿȥ̽ˣɣϽͷӦ
ְѿƴͷϣɣ˸ӣòõи׼Ǻõġ
ȥ֮ǰɣİȫһʧĵزȻǰɣںһǰһȥ
ɣǽǺ棬סѾʮˣɴͲ֪ˮﻹһж
¶ȹֻʮĶȣɣ괩Ƕ䣬ȣֻоŵİһƬ̲ס磬ҲЩţ
ѾһΣû֮ǰһݡš·ûгɵĴ󲽾ߵľͷ
ѿƵĵƹʯڣָЩ·ɣ˵꣬㿴Щͼܲҳʲô
ɣ֪ʲôģʯڿƬ̾򣺡ٺ١ͼǶϵͼһģһģ
ȻҪɣˣ˵Ҳˣͼһģһģ㿴ʲôһĵط˵֪ܲͼʲô˼
˼ɣ˴ֶʯϸǼСǶҲˣ˶Ƕʯڣ£Կ϶ʯϵͼǶϵͼȫһʹһЩϸ΢·һģһġ
ȫͬͼ׻ʲôͬ˼ֻʲô˼
ɣ˼ͼʲôͬϸϸıϣȷͼȫһûһ㲻ͬ
̧ͷ˿ɣҲ˼ı飬Ȼ뵽ˮ棬һûһ֪ˮ滹ôⶴжʯϿµͼξȻĶǶϵͼȫһɺ
޿ܣ
˵֮϶ʲôģȻ䣬ɣ뵽һֱ˵СءĪôأ
ǻѰ˼仰˼ǰĺýͣ仹ŪףɣӵܣѪΪָ˼˵ҪáѪָ
Ѫôָ
ˣ벻ף˰벻ȻһգһԸ
ʯںʲôܣҿݵ
ɣ굱Ȼ߸ʲôҲһͷˮ֪ĻҪٵö࣡
𡭡𡭡𡭡
룬ʹң֮ǰָûʱѾŪʯڱǿյģҲò˼¾Ҵһ־ҺʯھȻûһᡰơĸоҵûֱðȴһϸʯмûһƬʯӲúǡһ㣡
ҧʹѳ̵ʹ˳һʮӺ󶼱üľˣٿʯڣȴƤûһ㣡
Ҳٲˣ˳һڵأֱ
ɣ۵ôץȥҡ
һƶ֪ɣ껹ҪСһЩЩҴӵȻҪС֣
ɣ˥ˣӻûӱŴ
ȥһʯڣѺһ˿һûУʮʮֻЩ΢һӡӣ˵ǶʯںӰ죡
Ъ˺һӣɣզʯģֺʹ
һ˵һȥϡˣʯҲģҲûã׷İ취
ɣһ˫ʵѾʹЩˣҪ־һ˫ֵĺʹصǰһôߴҺһ˫ֵֺףһƺۣ
ԣղǼºûʯڻƷԼŪˣ
Ÿоûô򵥣ǿ󴸾ʯҳ
ҲƣֶֻŶǶϵֿ˼Ҳʯھִֻ뷨ˣ
仰ǰ˼⣬ǺŪףšѪ֣Ȼ뵽᲻ҪáѪܽ⿪ܣ
һ뵽öࡰΡ֣㲻öǶϵܾﻭģѪƽĹؼ


97 Ѫ
ֻѪֵʲô˼
ҪѪʲôǾ仰ѪΪָ˼ָʲôѪʲôġָ
ţ⻰Ȼô˵ǾͲŪѪԿֲ֪ĸǡֵָָָʲô
иؼһ㣬ţҪѪʲôĻüѪأǹѪأѪ
ñѪνҪõѪеǸˣҪôǸҪƸȻҪҪȥͲֵá
˵ƸɣҵģʹҵҲ̰ҵҲỹɣϼҲɣϼҪΪɣϼ£
ɣƱۺ˶úܣɣϼܿ϶Ǳסģҵ˵ҵأҪ뷽跨صķʽŪҪɣϼ޻ĵõء
ڵҲǰˣǰҲ޴룬֪ô죬Ϊ˷ۺ޷赲ڵȴΪԭǻȻȻǵ޷ĵز˼Ҳ޷ĵز
ɣҵأֵĵزĿԺܴķˣ͵뷨ȫ
⻹Ҫﵽʲôؾҵϵܲܡ֡Ǹܹؼ⣡
ܱ֣ǾһѹŶй¶ȥסĿԸ󣬶һпܸɣϼһ˴ΣգƸǺöǡ¡
ɣ꿴ŶǶϵҲ˼ţҲ벻̧ͨͷ˵ҿ⼸仰˼ǲҪѪһ飿
ţʹҪѪһԣҲҪɣˡ
һ£˵꣬һ£ԡ
ɣ겻֪кȻľͳƺΪ򡱣о˵ġϡ͡ʵҲĸ˵һ̤ʵͽаɣһҲ⣬һҲǾ򡱡
ãɣӦţķԸƴӣܾԡ
ָͷ쵽ҧһڣۣѪһӱ˳մͷкɬζ
򡭡㡭ôҧָɣȻԼָҧѪֱһ
ѪָʯϵͼϣѪӿͿٵͿҧȻᣬѪ϶ǲ־õģһֹܷѪֲָ֪ҪѪǶ٣
ͿٶȺܿ죬ͼȾˣָϵĿӺܿͲѪˣͣȻ۲ʯڣûʲô仯
ѪͿʯϣΪ¶ȲߣܿˣѿʯϸѪˣʯϵͼûκα仯
ǲεֻ߻Ҳ϶ֻô²ţͿѪûʲôЧá
ɣҧָͿѪЩ۵˵ҪͿѪͿͺˣ׳ѪҲ࣬һû£ɲ塭
Цҡҡͷû£ҾţǶǶϵЩʲô˼˵ѪΪָָʲôָ
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ɣӵܡѪΪָɣӵܣѪΪָɣţĥ仰˼˺ü飬Ȼ̧ͷ˵򡭡⡭ǲ˵ѪɣӵܵѪ
һҲǻȷʵšɣӵܡĻǲ绰˵衰ɣӵܡѪָ
ɣԸµ˵һԣһѪˣ
ԥһ²ŵͷãһ£Ҫҧ̫ݣͿһѪһ¾ͺãоˣҲһҪҵزܹӣ
֪ģģɣͷҲһָ쵽͵ҧһڣһҧñҪݡΪ֪ҧ˿ӲʲôѪ𲻵ʲôá
ֹɣѪָѧɿʯͼͿ
ͷϴŵĿȻʯڣ۹ҲţɣѪһͿȥͷвһĵطˣ
ɣɿͿѪյøЩʯϵͼȥһմѪƺڡһѪˮۿüĳ̶ڡܡţԺܿٶȽ͸Щͼݴ
Щ㶣ȻǼ仰Ϳ˼ҲЩ̫˼Ͼ̫áЩ
ƺֻС˵͵Ӳ鹹ڣӿС˵룬ʵУǴӲЩò˼飬òܣ
Ƿͷһ룬ĪܿΪʲôɣҵıؾͲģͲСѪΪָĿܣ
Ҳõɣ
ʯϵͼܿľѪʵҲ˵ɣͿ˺öѪͼһմѪԶ͸졣
ɣָϵ˿ҲֻͿѪʱԳһȻֹѪˣһֹѪ׼ָ쵽ȥҧһڼѪͿ
һ־ץס˵ˣ꣬ͿˣѾˣ
ɣһ˵ˣͣһʯڿ
ʯϵͼʱﵽѪҺ͸Բĳ̶ȣֻĵطȻõѪҺڱȽϿ죬ȻͿѪǼͼܽ͸
֮ʲô֪ܿģҲڴʯеײʲôıأʲôܣ
֮ǰͿѪҺʯû˿ı仯ɣѪҺһͿȥϾͳַӦˣƾ֪ǶЩģ
ͼܿͱѪҺ͸Բһ϶ѪҺʱԭûһ϶ʯм䣬ҲͼмȻֳһһǮӲôһԲ͹ťһ
ҲʱȻͿʯðŨŨĽɫ
ǡ
ðˣ
ϲѣԭʯںбأŨĽɫȻǱˣǰġɫǡƽ𡱣ǰĽð͸һģһǽðıʵ̫̫ʯϵıʵ̫Ũ̫Ũ
ȻʯðıȫǽɫģбɫֻǱɫûнɫŨȻбıֻûֶ࣡
ƺҲһ˲ˣͼһ֡ӡɣ˵ѪǡҩȻǰʲôӡš֡ͷѾıˣʵõܿЩıˣ
ͼַӡɣ˵ѪܽɣѪҺһͿȥͼһ͸ӡϾͿˡ
ӡһ֡һ֡赲赲һ赲ıðˣ
ʱףʵģûдʯڣûۿЩѾܰٷְٿ϶ʯں˺ܶܶġ


98 ť
ȻС֣ȻĥʯҪôŪÿ
ôѾҹˣɣ˵Ļ۵òˣ֪ôҲģʯӲúһ㣬û취Ū
ΪǸҪܵ飬ԡжըҩʲôķһըҩǣһ±֪֪ؾͽաɣˣģ
ըҩĻкܴΣգѶը˾͸鷳ֻҪһסͱҪӵھǾ͸û֪ܲˣ
ȻɣӵܵġѪָ˵ӦƽķҪȻǶĻӦþС˵
ʯ񣬵Ҫôƽأ
ͼнѪĪðǸԲ񡰰ťһĶȻһȻͳֵĶǲǾƽĹؼ
ȻɣӵܵѪܽӡǾ˵ⱦؿ϶ɣصġ
ָһǸťǡťһ㷴ӦûУҲȥ·ǽһ㣬Ͱˣ
֡ĪҲҪɣӵܣ
ԣɣ굱ָֹڱʯڡťʱֱ䣬ҲһûзӦʹ˼£ûж
ɣҲʱ;Щ˼ˣ
˵ӡֵġťǽĹؼɣҲǾˣҪôܽ룿
ɣ굹ûжô֣ԭͲ̫ЩҪǿȤŸŸɣҪû漣֣Ҳ֣
ꡭԶˡ
ʱ򣬶⴫ɣϼЩصĽɣϽ˵ȥɣҽڽǳԶˣ
ãȥԶҲԥͷתߣɲɣѹɣһ˹Ӧ൱ƶ֪ȷʵһɹġءʹ˻ԣΪԼҲұ֤ܰطϾҲûа취
ɣϼˣԺˣ֪Ƕ¾ȥˣΪ֮ǰѾȥ֪ҲûʲôΣգҲż̽ͷھڽ
һͿ±ͷϵĿƣӺɣȻȥ
ɣϼЦʣϲɣǱˣ̤̤ʵʵĹǮǮ̤ʵһҹҲǺ£
һ˵ɣϼһ߰ѷϵᶯ˶˵Ͻȳԣž˾Ͳóˣ
ɣ꿴˿һԶһЩĶ˹ķŵǰ˵룡
ɣϼܻܵƺҽƺ˳ڣһʱɬյֲܵ˼˵ڡ
ЦЦӹɣݹ룬˵ãҲ԰ɣµҲȷʵоˣ
ɣϼȷʵǲģԹķˣҲζ
ʱѾ賿ˣܰúܣϺܺڣûпǵ㣬ûĺҹɫٺҲɣϼȴͦܰ
͵ܵڴڵĳ棬ֻ泩ƺӾһϲˣ׵ĵܵܣ裬κĲһĿڹſĵСӣĻĵﵴҲСŮ˵Σ
̱˻
ܵһһ򡱣ȴǼûҲûϣɣϼȷȷʵʵĸеһۣҲǸ˼
˵ʵɣϼ˽⣬Ȼֵɻݵϸͥһ˽⣬ȴĪСøС˰ʱôûɫ򣬵ɣϼȴƫƫϲ
İһ˿֭꣬˸ɾһţ̧ɣϼ˵Ժÿһ
ɣϼֺЦֺ˵ϰܣ°˻ܣֲѾ
㻹ڡ붼ûľһ˵˳뵽ѾûСвˡ
ɣ굱Ȼ֪Ĺϵ족˵ҽǸŮˣڿ죬ʲôܸɣɣؼĻǡ
˵ɣ곯Цű˱ؼҽ㻹Ư
ɣϼһ죬ۡһЦˣȻûյܵܣġԿ䣡
ɣƲƲ㣬˵ʵн˵˵˭˵㲻Ư
ɣϼбһεĿ
ٺ١ЦţȻӦţƯ꣬˵ĳɼܺã
ɣĳɼƺ԰ҲĻش𣺡ԣҪҽԺϺõұŬõĳɼ
̾˿ɣļо˵ƣֻŬѧϰû취ΪˣֻΪԼ
ɣϼʰϴˢɣ꾫ʢһ˯ⶼûУ˸Ƿ꣬еˣ˯ɣҲûȥˣҪϰ࣬ҲҪѧ㻹ҪȥҽԺչ裬Ҫɣ
ǵģ춯ɣҪ˯Щᡱֲ롰桱ֻõͷӦУǡǾϢɣ
ɣ׼ȥϴϴź˯ȴԺŷȥסǰŲʣ㡭ȥ
ȥصЦŻش
ǿɲУɣһץӣЩŵĻͷе㣬Ҫˣ
ɣϼϴˢ꣬ܵܵĽΧȹȡ˳ЩԹ˵㡭ô˻ȥǲҼࣿ
ٺ١Ҫص㿪ôõٵǮ˿۵ԱĹͷܵġ
ɣϼǺЦǺǷ飬һ̲˵̱Ͳ
ɣֻǡ˵ЦЦ˵۲ҽĹʣѽʱڿˣ
ɣϼ˰ַԸϽȥ˯绹ҪȥѧУϿΣȥ͡
ɣꡰŶһʵʵĽȥˡ
ɣϼʣҪȥ
һϵǣЦȥһ壬һǣ͸һ͸磬Ǻ𣡡
ɣϼ˺ߵûƤϰҲʫ黭⣬ǡ㰮ͿɣҲ㣬ƵļȻݲҪ߾ߣ̫ڣҰͳȥ
ɣϼЩ˵ôԽ˵Խ
˼ûߵԺŴȻ뵽ˮߵġء»ûиɣϼ˵ôɣϼ˵ŻǲţҪһ£һ£Ϣ©ȥ
Ȼ˵ɣϼܶûпءҪܵһСĸ˵ˮж£˱ضͻģڱôڽ̳ڱϢвɣϼҡӿ


99 
ԥһ£ͷȻɣϼȻ˸Ƿѽ붯ˣǼ˯һɣҪҪս޷ѰҪǮҾͲסˡ
ۡ
ɣϼ̲סЦôˣ˵Ӳˣ֪ĵʵܡǲ˵˵Ļ
һҪȥңɣϼȻʧǲˣЩԱǸǮˣŲԵģ˼Ҳûʲô˵ģֻôܣ
Ȼת˿˵Ҫ˯ɣϼ֡ƿɢĸоϲǼЩӯǲоġ
áɣɣϼƬ̺źȻϽݣһʱЦ绨Ǹϲͷ
ɣϴˢҪ˯ֻˣʱ˷ЦľҪɣϼһȵȥ˯첻Ͽ𣿡
ɣһգƺֲҸֱ棬ֻð˰ֻķˡ
ɣϼָʽɳ˵һȥ׼һ¡
ɳϿžɹϰڷŵϵӻŹ棬еŮ֣ȴðٰģȤ
Ϸһӣ˿
ŷһʼǱ涼ЩˮĿ³ʲôʲô³ʲôʲô
͸ûȤˣ󷭣ʼǱֻдһ룬˵һҳдӦþˡ
¶ʮˣҷʮĽ𣬿˶ʮ壬Ȼַ˶ʮ֪ǹǮֻҵġڡҺܿģϻؼ˯žӶ֪ǲΪϲҲң
¶ʮţ磬֪࣬ǲǺܡݺݵʱȴеģƺһ첻ҳҾܡ

ȥϴˢɣëˢµġѽɣϼ߳Цһһ˵ֻǺȻڷıʼǱʱʱһѾͶ˱ʼǱգ㡭ôô㷭˵˽Ʒ
Цţû˵ǲܷģҿϣΪǱ־Ҳġ
ɣϼϾɬҧгݣǲ֪룬һ̽ʣ㡭㡭˶٣
һֵʲôÿģˮˣģдòãצץӣһҳҲûȤٿ
ɣϼŶһĳһϵĽ߶ʱˣǰ󲿷ݶǵ˵ѣûʲôģֻʶԺǵĿġ¡Ȼô˵ûԼдЩǾûʲôɬģ
ϴּ䣬治󣬽ߺװζһ㣬ɾϴ̨Ϸһһ֧ˢһɫë˷εĶ飬һĺ࣬ϴѾһˮԣԼʮȵ¶ȣʡ
ëŵˮ˽Ťһ²ͷǵϣëϵָоһ˲ͱ˳
ֱġ͡ĸоֻǰ軹ڵʱйȥ󣬱˹ذѾΪˡ䡱͡ɣϼȴָоֱذġҸ
ɣϼǸŮˡĸͣƯڿ죬ܡ䡱ҲоɣϼġáҲ֪ΪʲôﻹЩܡȻܾΪɣϼҾƶΪСĲ˼Ӱӣ
ôȻݳʵֻһ˵ġǣҲףĲ˼߸ϣûˣϲҲԼͣ׿һеԭҲ֪ŻĸҲƽ˵⣡
ߵУɣϼһΪûпµġ¡ҪϱʼǱŵܵĵطһͷеıʼǱʱһ㶣
ʼǱģʱڿһָҲòһҳһ˵һҳ
һҳдŹ£εȫ˵Ļ
ѽƭˣ
ɣϼ̲סʼǱסûҲȻߵò֣
ϴˢãûˣɣϼһеȥߵ˯ɡ
šһнȥȻ˷š
ɣϼûΪæȴû뵽ʵڡߡ
һһСͷһСÿ̨ƣӵģѩףŵƢġ
¿Ь࣬£ݶʵòر˿ֻʱһȻ賿һʮˣ
Ҫ˯ˣ
һֻʲôģҲˣΪϻҪ𴲣˯̫ˣ־׼ȥص̨ơ
ͷ̨ƱһС򣬾ƬɣϼǼ꿪һǡһӳ족
ɣϼգϸϸĶţ˹صƵ£һͷһ𣬺Ȼ뵽϶ɣϼġ뷿
ѹŵһرζʵӦþŮҵ
СʱףŮģķ䣬¹񣬶رʱΪʲôˮףֻǡ㡱
ɣϼȻûסͷܵɣķ䣬סԼķ䣬һȷʵЩһ
˵ʵҪ˵Ĳ˼ɣϼбȽϵĻ֪ɣϼʺϵĶѡĲ˼ãȴǾ֮ϵŮʳ˼̻֮ʮǧԶĸﻮӻҪԶ
ɣϼƯᣬԸоʵԸоԼġ⡱ֻҪ˵ɣϼһᡰ
ɣϼʵҪǡлζҪԼûа֧ʮľĸǮϲԼ
˼ȥһ˯ⶼûУ̾һžһ¹̨ƣʱ˺ڰС
۾ȻţֻǿʲôãڴͷϵֻһQQŵϢ
ֻùһȷʵQQţһȻǡͭСáϢ
ȻͭСáɣϼֻԴӱԼġˡҲûĹˡ
˯𣿡
ɣϼѶϢ
˯ˣһͷֹȥ
Ӻɣϼͻعһ͡ЦûΣܱܲô̱
˺ߣдַȥ㻹˯Ҫ˵֪ģٵһӿٿ飡
⼸仰ɣϼһʱ͡šˣöûٷϢ
Ϊ˯ˣҲ׼ɺ˯ǲԼ⻰˵ˣ˵أ֪ǹô˵ģȴ̲סô˵ԼЩ̱
ʱֻһˣ
Ͻֻǡ㿴ұʼǱдһҳ˱˰ɣ֪϶ǿˣ


100 ֮ļ
Ƿˣ
ЩͷۣԷһͼƬȥȻֻ˯ֻػʡЩõĻϢӣ
һ˯۾⣬ŴߵĹ⾰ò߰˵ӣϽֻֻǹػ˵ģſʱ䣬ȻǾŵʮˣ
ˣһºˣɣϼǮˣʵ治ۣϰ塱Ҳһûôȥ˵Ա
˯̫˯ˣɣϼҲӦģ
һµ·Ь࣬ῪţߣûˣĵһûУеϸһӡ
߹ȥ˿¸ͣϻһֽ
ѵɣϼѾˣ
ֽдż֣ϰ壬ϸŵģҪʧˣߵӾͣ˵ӳȥˣٵ۲ҵĹʣһ˵һ£Ͻ˯ú죬û㣬ֻ˵Կȥ꣡
һ㶣ԿһȻû˵ŵǰԿף
ɣϼһʱֺֺЦûзɣɣϼ˼άĺܣһ©ץסʹš
ڵ緹ﻹȵģѾˣȳҲûвĸоҲ֪ΪʲôɣϼĲ͵ʳãµ͸ľͳ˸⣡
ԹͺţȰˣԺŵʱˮǸԻû⿪ȥĥĥܲʲôŪʯڡ
Ӿʹ⳵ǿŵģѾʮˣԼҲڨڨЩûӣɣϼڵæŲôɨȥϡ㱨ϿûпˣҪпĻһ绰
˰֣ķ䣬ɣϼԹĸЩڣоֵֹģɣϼ˯һ󣬽ͲϰԱˣɷӡ
ߵĵУɣϼȻæµţٰаѵԴ򿪣ţ쿴Ļ϶һ޷Щߺɫһ򿪾Ϳͷк۵ĿͭǱ鱦ʽƲ
Ŀһ鱦ͭ൱˼͹ʴ鱦⣬ؾ鱦Ϊˣѿҵʱ򣬼ǵûг֮Ĵȥʣͭʮֵ꣬ʲڣôô鱦ô˵͵ˣ
ٿݣԭѵĵղǾӪƣϰҴҵڶĲڰǷǧԪĶծѾѽǧֽܹ˹ڣҲǰҶ˽ȥ
ԭǸӪ״ܲҵϰⰲ϶ĲţεĳѵֽԼµĻ
ԽԽ٣û»ϣԱĹʣǷ̵ĻдѹҲͰѱ˾·ⰲֻƲ˽ᣡ
һùġ̾Ϣһ񾭼˥˵Ĵ󻷾£ƲҵʤȴǵھӪϣǵϰⰲĲ棬δȷʵЩϧ
ٿϧҲֻǿϧٿ棬ʲôСԪץ־Ƶ֮ɫţֶѣǲʵûпɿԡ
䵱̵ⲻô֣һֱҲûпˣ˯Ժ˦˦ͷ뵽ɣϼĸ׽ҪϽȥ
ɣϼڵ¼˵ˣȥҽԺɣ첻Ҫ𣿡
ɣϼ̧ͷ˿ֿ˿ʱ䣬ŵͷش𣺡ҼƻʮȥҽԺʱúʣķ
˦˦ֱǷԸ֪֪ûϰҲҶɣֲСӣѵٷӦˣ
ɣϼЦЦЩߣ˰վ˵ˡ
ЦĻش𣺡ҪҪڻͣ
ۡɣϼ̲סЦˡ
ɣϼһߣԼһԣ־Ȥǹɣϼĸ׵᲻˳óһΪȱһУ˵Ҳɣϼĸ׵˳
ԼǰʱΣĸ˫ʱˣһʱŻָʹǿ̹ģǣ
ҲΪŲϧȥɣϼ¶ɣϼܽӴĵжԲкʮ򽱽ԺֻҪ׬ǮĻҲСĿСɡټ
Լ׬Ǯ˵ɣϼʽ㹻ĸβ裬ԽķʽҲ˼ġ
˼УȻһŮ𣺡ô
̧ͷһഺ޵绨Ĳ˼磬ƺԵƯЦЦڴҲʵ޵ˣʡô˵ڲڣ
Ĳ˼һ£˼Ӳ˵Ҹæȥطв
űʼǱĻͷҲû̧ľ˵ֱ˵ͺˣҪתĨǣҪȥĶ˵𣿸㲻ȥ
Ĳ˼һ㶣һ²ŵҼʱ㡭Ŷ㡭ϴ˰ɣ
һ̧ͷȻȫһ޴Ͱ͵˵㡭㡭ĲĲ˼
Ҳʵ޵ˣ֪һҪǲǡĲ˼
Ǳ죬ڨڨĶ֪˵ʲôã
ȷԿ϶ŮӾĲ˼;ЩΪĲ˼ûжٽӴּĲ˼硰족һּһģһȻϴˣ
˵Ҫԭû뵽Ĳ˼ʵûϵ
Ĳ˼ոն˵Ļһ˫۶ЦЦıԵرɰ
һӾˣ
Ĳ˼ɣϼŮǰƢֳӲ˵¶·磬ҲرϸܣƫƫĲ˼ǰûˡҡ˷磡
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪ˵˼ܣĲ˼ԶĽĲ˼磬ɣϼƯ͵޻ǲĲ˼磬ɣϼǸ߸ݾĲСԼݵλʮǧ˵һϣһڵҲ˿ݣ
ΪʲôԼǶ
벻ףҲֲ˼ȥ룬Ĳ˼ǰƽʱĴǸͱ׵ȥˣﻹʣһ˿֣
Ĳ˼սЩס
֪ҽЩмҪֲ֣ͬѧʶ˾͸˼˵ˣȥҾ뵽㣬ָҽĵַȻˣôﲻ
Ĳ˼绨ĶһѾˣĲ˼ƺǡĶʣﻹܡܾˣ
װﲻңĲ˼Ĭִţƺٲشͻתˡ
Ұ
ֽͰ͵ϵͷشʲôʲô֣ڴʱͳͳ֪ȥˣ


101 
Ĳ˼Ǵģǿģſڵ·ͣһɫİµTTĲҵݲƸ˵Ĳ˼Ҳߵ
Ȼʹһ㲻øߵİµTTͨ˵Ҳ󼰵룡
Ĳ˼ߵ˳ţָָһߣϳɣ
һ˳Ĳ˼ʻλϣְһװõ˻Աߵ룬˷м䴢ϵĿȡһƱʮŵݸúã
һʵʲô
Ĳ˼ȻĻش𣺡Ǹı꣬һǧ飬϶һĹʶ࣬㱨ҪǲԿ㵢ʱ䣬Ҳ㰲ĵİȥ£
ɫһӾͳϵȫҲͣĲ˼ǹ㡰ָʹı飬ƺĻӦúȻġ
Ĳ˼ûעı飬һǧǮŵϣȻ׼
ʱȻǮظĲ˼ɿȫȻžҪ³
Ĳ˼ʲôúõôҪ³
ŬԼƽûʲôȥˣ
Ĳ˼һǲ죺ղŶúõôȻͲȥˣŶˡ
Ĳ˼Ŷһ£ִӿͳǮȡƱʮţȻ֮ǰһһ𣺡Ǯ˰ɣû£ٸһǧ飬ǧ˰ɣ
ȥ붼ûľͻؾˡ
㡭Ĳ˼˴˵̫̰ˣ뻹Ҫ£ֻüͷǿһǧ˵ãٸһǧ飬һǧܹ˰ɣһ˵ĹһҲ
Խ䵭ȥ
䵭Լ⣬ΪĲ˼ʱ򣬸ƽҲ֪ΪʲôȻƽƺϵѪҺҲȴƺĲ˼ġҲˣ
㲻ҪҪ̫ݣĲ˼̲סһ˫յĶ
ԽƽѳŴˣͷĲ˼˵Բ³ˣ
ۼǡװǻơĲ˼ƿȥȥסʲô˼㾿ʲô˼Ǯֱ˵ˣ˵ҪǮһ򣬻򣿡
ûʲô˼ǮҲȥ˼
Ĳ˼һ㶣ЩʣҪǮ˵ҪǮŻȥ
̯̯֣˸Ĭϵı顣
Ĳ˼ΪҪǮܾġŭҲʧ־ġƯãҪİ˵ҲΪƯˣ
һĲ˼¶ЦЦ˵Ǻã㲻ҪǮͲҪǮɣϳɣ
ƫͷһĲ˼ǮŻذˣûҪٸǮ˼ԥһ£˳
Ĳ˼ϳ·һ߿ųһ¶Цݣƺʲô£ϵı⿪ġ
Ҳ֪ҪȥĳҲɵˣĲ˼Ƿݡ׶ͬѧ̸ʱϲһˣԼȻ޿ܣˡϲáı飬ǸоЩį
Ĳ˼һ̵ƴȴʱŤͷҽ˵ԹŶУǸרңȻҲ֪ʲôʱѧרҵĲΣҲ벻ҽķۣĻ롭
˵Ĳ˼ϱųϼЩɬı飺һ£һŵĻ˵ʲôȽǡ
Ȼһ£ʱĲ˼Ҫȥʲôˣ
Ĳ˼ƯֽŮϲһ˵Ȼܶԡˡ˵ˣѧУǺ׾ʹȥͬѧæ
мԭһΪ֪Ը񡰹ƧϲѣѧˣѧУͬѧʦȵȼûϵ
ڶΪŶĻĲ˼Ҫģһֶ˵Ҳǲʶ֡ʦҲʶ٣Щ˶ǡͷӡˣﶮ˵ϲã
ԭĲ˼֪ǰҪõŮȻ˲û׿˵ϲĻѧУʱ͵͵ֱ񣬾ϹҲóǡϲģ
˵Ĳ˼֪òϲǴСе£ˡסҲе£о飬֪ϲΪɵκ£ϲ£
Ĳ˼˵˺ּ˵У㲻ܰ¸κ˵ܸҽ˵ܸͬѧǺʦ˵ʲô˶˵֪𣿡
Ȼһᴫȥֺα˵
Ĳ˼ֵͷ˵ҲǣҾһ£
̵ˣĲ˼Ͻû˵
ȻĲ˼ܡɡǰֻƯִֽ֡ǡûоġɡҲ֪Ϊʲôĸо
Ƴﾰ¥ϴƲԹһʱƺоȤ
Ĳ˼䡰ɡˣ䡰족ˣ
˺̵ƣĲ˼ѳҲ·ߣһͣѳͣ˵ʲôãĻǱ˵ģ
һֵ̯ϲʲô֪ҿ԰쵽ľֻʶֻȵƷαѣ
ǡĲ˼ƺЩʧ˵Ͳ˵˵˵ϲã
˵仰Ĳ˼ҡҡͷЩġӡ
Ȼûѻ˵Ҳ׵ģ޷Ǿ˵ȻǸˣȻԶԶûϲǸᲢۣȻǸ˲һεģ
ƺЩԳЦЦͷЩʹƺҲЩȻİЩ仯ǷݡִšҲƺɶˣôᶨ
Ĳ˼ǾĲǰֻиƺˣ
ǲԼǱòᶨˣ
ЩɵİԼȻû𰸵ģֻһɿԽͣǾǻ仯ģǻɳģ
Ĳ˼ƺܿˣſڷͷ˼Ϊǡġۡͬѧʱܶÿ˵Ļȴ־˵ˣ
Ĳ˼оǲ̫͹˱ϲ˳Ըˣ˳ҲԸȥϲŮȥ׷ɣ
ǵӾﲻôݵϲŮǵǴԹ޻ҲκαȥŮǣҲ֪Ṳ̊صϲˣѵ
ڿ˼ûʲô顱ƺﲻûνǰرϲͰ
һƬȻˣҲûȥ²Ĳ˼ʱ뷨ҲûٿŲǲǻʹˡ
Ĳ˼ǸŮüͷ벻ʲôõİ취ȻһšͷˣȥǱһŶ


102 ɲǼı仯
ȻǺϣĲ˼Ҳûݵġơ˼ҲûһĶֻǸϣ
ԥĲ˼ŶҪʲôλ͵ģ
Ĳ˼ƫͷŻش𣺡һҵļλɣٹ˵ͭζֻΪûƷλһȽϺʣǲֻ֪أã
һ򣿡һһŮ͡򡱵ɼжôˣǮδ϶Եݳˣ
ġԾĲ˼֮УļʶȻһ򡱵Ŀˣ϶Ǹ֣ǼҵҲģһĿʵҲֻµ㻨ǮѣЩȻҪȥˣ
Ĳ˼ʲô͵Ʒܾȵӣ˵ǵˣͰҿǼ٣˼ٻȥˣǾͶˣ˵ģ˵Ҳ
Ĳ˼һ˵һ·Ҳȥʲôطˣû̫İʱΨһþֻǱٶѣ
ȻΪˡһ򡱵ĿܵţΪĲ˼ġеȺʧ
˾ȻġԸ񡱣
һ˵ζΪĲ˼ġǳģǸϵӰҲȻ俪ʼҡ͡ˣ
˿ųĲ˼ĲȻǰȻǸĲ˼Ȼ;úáİˣĿ̹ǵʱģңԶ
תƺֻҪһӡһ˲䣬ֻĪľ͡ɡҲǡѡһ㣬ǸĿ̹ǵӰ˲䵭һʧ٣
㵹˵˵ʿĻֻأǴãĲ˼ų̲סһϲˡΡڱϾֻһѯˣ
ЦЦֵ̯̯Ҳ˵ãϾÿ˵ϲöһϲôһͻϲ
Ĳ˼һŵ˵ͷ˵Ҳǣ϶ûСôܡ
һ˵ΣĲ˼ûаѻ˵ô˼
Ĳ˼˼ԣ¾ǡ϶ûĵθߡôܸһȼ֮Ļ㲻˼϶ǲġ
ʱľѾƽѾôĲ˼Ļоۡʱ;Ǹˡһ㣬Ĳ˼ʲô¶޹أű޹ʹ飬Ϊ
Ĳ˼ȥĵطȻǹ֣ĵ䵱ֱֻһڶͷһͷһȦӺֻˣ
ѳͣ·ߵĻͣλУĲ˼Ϩ˳һ³󵱼ָָǰߵĹ˵߰ɣ뻹Ǹڼ໨֮ɣеΣֻʣĹֻ򲻵صƷִİҾûʲôֵǸۡ
ЦţĲ˼Ҳȫû֪ⷽʶһĶǸϣҲ֪Ǹ˵жӵǸԼʱһ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˽Լ飬Ҿãòһһ㣬׻˵׷ŮɽŮ׷и㵥οô͵Ůӣ
һֻϾǹ͵̣Ҳмʯ꣬רӪĽεҲһңǱȽٵģϾϲڳк͵䵱̵Ŀ˵ǱȽСġ
һ۾ܿõǷݵ̻ǽֵƵȵȶȽϡɡһۿȥϡ٣ʹҲϵˣĲ˼ˡĺ⡣
ȥļңĲ˼˼Ҫѡꡰ󡱵ģļҵȽϴ󣬵ӱȽϺֲ˽⣬Բһ
ȻһУ˵ʵԺ϶ţ򶫵ĵûȥҵĵ꣬Ҳûҵ֮ĽЩǴСϰ˭
Ĳ˼飬˳ָ˾ͽһ꣬˵Ǿȵ䡮ŵ¥ɣ
ʵĲ˼Ҳͼͽһŵ¥ԱȱҵĹģҪҪɡģĸǾõеεĻ͡ȫ͡桱
µǼٻеεĵҲӡġ˶
ŵ¥Ĺģܴһž͸оǸرˣ
ţ򶫵Ǹ괿⣬롰Ŷǿϱߣǵ굱Ķ϶ͨӲƷӶ࣬ҲֵǮƷֻҪţʶóƷա
ŵ¥һ˸оġšζӼҾߵ̨̨ȵȣȫˢ˹źľƷ
ϵƷҲЩ֮ģһڹйһЩܡӡֻװѶǳá
̨һλʮ꣬ζȽϡݡĴ۾ߣһ߻ޱȵӣǵġơ
ȻĲ˼һȥƶޱȵӭкš
̨Ǹ۾̧һˣ漴ֵͷŵһ飬Ĳ˼ô˻ϲĶ飬˶ԡŶǼȲҲȤġ
ƺ飬һΪҪкĿˣܻ᲻򶼲ܡ桱ԣΪĲ˼˵ֿ˱ٵĵط͵ĵ̣ȤĿҲСŮԣʹУֻҲ곤ߣпĲ˼Ůӣ
˿ƯŮӱŲۣ˵Ĳ˼ֳŮȻȥĲ˼᲻ˣֻǶЦݸĲ˼һ˵
һ£ƶҪƷȥóǲнɣֻСĲ˼᲻Ȼνˡ
Ĳ˼ҲİƷһ߿һʣҪһȽмֵƷ䰡ֻԣǸһ°ɣ
Ĳ˼ĿȽϡ󡱣ȻΪѣԻû棬˶ȿֺġܡƷ
ֵ徲ΧĲ˼˵Ĺ۲Ʒ
Ʒӡֶ࣬תһȦӣѵƷ˸飬ҲûһСƷ
Щ죬˵ŵ¥ôĵ꣬ϳžӪô˵ҲӦƷ࣬ٻ٣ôûһ
Խ˵˷ܣЩƷֱǡֵǡĶҲΪǾĲ˼ͲԲŸ´ϹΪ˾ֻǸŮ೶仰ѡ
Ĳ˼Ȼǰ㲻˰ŵͷʣ˵ģʿǽһʲôȽϺã
һǾЩ⣬ĿҪģȻ˵ģƣǮ˼ңҲٿǮƷѡ
ӦĽһһ䣬ΪǶŮʿڹ򣬳˹μʲôģ
ôŮȻŶֻ֮Ķˣ


103 㷨
Ĳ˼ƵĽҲͷ˵̫࣬ƺǺöʺʿĺ
һ£Ĳ˼ʵǮ
ʵʵԵĶ໥һۣȻ˵ܵƷ۸
һǧߡ
ǧǧˡ
˵һƷļ۸Ĳ˼üͷЩƽܵҲͦãôֻЩֵֻǧĶô˵Ķô͸
Ĳ˼üƻΪӹˣһ̽ʣС㣬Ҫʲôλģ
Ĳ˼ſ˵Ȼ֡ǮȴɵӣǻôʣҪ˵ҪֵһĶֻǿ϶ɵˣ˵ֻԷŹˣ
Ĳ˼ͣһ˵ûимֵЩƷЩ̫ͨ
ƶһ㶣ŷǶˣ
ƯóŮҪˡҪ󡱵Ķ
ԵرǸƸϽĲ˼ָһ˵С㣬㿴̣Ʒʣܲ㿴
Ĳ˼̶ȷʵɫԴһЩžɡɫʵִԵĲͬ
۲Ƭ̺Ĳ˼̧ͷǸƣҪǮ
ǻͬ飬Ĳ˼̽˵Ϊǹš񣬼۸ԲˣҪʮˡ
˵ʱ򣬻ǺĲ˼ҪȤ־۸׵Ļϼ£Ѽ۸ҪۣҪԷ۲ֵ̲Ǹۣʹۣ
Ĳ˼һֵֻ̻ʮ࣬ȻˣԶﲻҪĲΣԶû࿼ǵľҡͷûиõģ
ǻһ㶣̨ߣԥһ»ܹȥ߶ߵ˵˼仰
̧Ĳ˼Щ죬ûϵŮֻǹѣ
ʱ򣬻϶ûȥעһʵԱ߿ŵġ̡
ֻЩģıľ˵ֻʵȻӹɣⶫ϶ǡƷǻƻҿʮˡĸ߼ۣǺˣ
Ҳ뵽һеУҲ֪жٵթˮݣҪܿڵﻹǸĲ˼һǵŸˡס
Ĳ˼⣬ҪߡֵĶҲֻϸĵѣ
Ǹƹģֿ˿Ĳ˼ʱעǱ׵ò͸ʡ𺳡ʵ˾ᣬҲп͸˵ļǮ򡰹Ŷɣ
Ĳ˼Ǽʮ˵̣ڿһıƣνġֵ̡ǧǮѣԿʹˣĲ˼ƺ㡱˼Ҫ󡱵ƷǿҵЩֻԽľϵԽ
Եһ£һЦ˵Ȼת䡣
һЦݾ;ƺǡǸꡱָо֪ͷøʲô
Ĳ˼еĵţƿóҲǸϰһϲȲƷˣԸϽȥһ֧ĿȪˮ
ƺĴڣĲ˼Լڻƺƹкͽ£û뵽Ҫ飬ƺԼȫܸ㶨
Ĳ˼šȪˮƿǣǳǳһڣûӣ߱һܡŵ䡱Сľӳľһ߼Լʮ׵ĺȡ
Ƕŵģ뿴߻óʲô
ľȷʵðһĨɫǱܵŨǸʲôֵҲһڣϣ
ԾǣںӺǵλôȴðһɺܡŨɫ
Щ֪ͷĲ˼ǱܵǸػǱŨ
ŨƣɫƷֵǸƷ
ͷܡСġİѺڵеĹ̨ϣһߴһ߶Ĳ˼ܵҪˣʿĻҵ֬ͺܺʣأݣ
Ĳ˼һͺܸˣߴľӣﲢһ۾ܿ˵ġƷһɫ˿ŵĶȻһһİѻ˿򿪣Ҫ¶ĶʱǸѾСˣ
һ˿ҿ¶һĨɫ
һε׵ɫܡˡԼ߰ףԲ·ϱߵԲε̳һֻʨӡ°ķ壬ӣ͸һöӡ¡࣡
߰ⶫó̯ϣȻܵһöϵȵĺ֬񣬹͸ѣδ֮ˣöûпͺܺʣϵ֬ڼԡˡۼ۵ģúܣ͸ʿرݣǿ˾߻ظɲͿ֣мۂٰӡȻˣ
Ĳ˼һ¶ϲáı飬߱˵ʱڡԡı飬Ҳ¶˸ֵ򡱵ĻԷƯСӹ˵Ļ϶бģһϲã˿ûӹ˼Ͼ͸оһǮҪ׬ˣ
ߴľóġ֬Ǹܵʱ֪ҪեĲ˼һǮˡ
ǹŨıʲôľӳ˼ߴʱľѾȫ򿪣ƲԱߣ˿ûעߡӡ
ľӱ߽ǴðǹŨɫԿ϶ðĿ϶ǸľӣӦǲľеʲô
ľѾǴŵģĺȺʹС״ҪٲظʲôѾˣǲеıʲô
״ǸƹͷԼ֪ľж족ˣ
ЩţǲʲôӴͷаľӡ򡱹
϶ҪЩֶˣͷ϶Ǹƾ޻Ϻ꣬ҪԼ¶һҪľӵͼ¾ͻע⣬ԼʹҪطӡ
˵һҲȷģǾͷ֪֪мֵ˵ġƷ֪ԼͼͲҪ˵ˣ˵Ҳǰ˵ӡڡʳԸ߳ǶֵĽǮ
Ĳ˼ʱȫǱǸסˣ˺һߣϰ壬ӡҪǮ
ͷĲ˼ţƬ̲Żش𣺡Ҳڵĺ֬ϡУͨҲʮһĥϵ֬Ѿǰˡˣղصöӡг˵Ҫֵһٶһʮңƹ򣬶һҪ͸ǺǣҲӦϲ˰ɣǺǣҸӦðԲԸˣҸһҲõļ룬ʮǧŰپʮŰɣþãþã
Ĳ˼ͷ˵һѾϲЦտ΢΢ͷӦŲӡһٶʮһʮ򣬡þáлŲϲ


104 
ãͦãĲ˼ûԱߵοһ£˾ͺãһ˵һִӿȡǮͳһÿˢɣ
Կԣ۾ͷ˳Ͻס¶΢΢Ц⣬һֽƣˢʮǧŰپʮţžŴ˳
һ¡
ͷ͵ΪǮ׬˵ʱ򣬺Ȼһ˵ˣ
Ȼˣ˶ŤͷʱŲŲæ˵ϰ壬ȷʵң׻˵Ϊܳã㿪ļҲǳþõ˼ȻҪóþãǻǸɣ
۾ͷƶʱһ£۾ͷ⻰ɻǲ⣬ѵ˿ʲôˣ
Ӧǲܰǵ
Ĳ˼ȻɣûȴɵղȷʵŷлϰĻֱ˵ͷһϾͼ˻רҡԼ˻Ĵڣ
Ȼ˵ĻĲ˼Ȼ⣬ǮȴҲ뻨ԩǮĵȻҪ׬Ǯܽʮʮıһ򣬵ȴܽʮıһĸ߼ۣ
λСѡ۾ͷĶֻ롰ۡĶɫһ㳵˵⽲ǳΪƣ⻰ʲô˼
ٺ٣ϰ壬Ҳ˵ˣҾô˵ɣĻǻһһٺ١
۾ͷ岻˵һ־ɣ˼˵϶ԶֵһļۣȻô˵϶ǿóǸֻĻֲûаڵ֪ǹֻۡأǸһӡ
ͬУֲͨ˵ĻǵȷǱʾӡöԷи̨µ˼ǰ˿Ҳʮɣͣôܶ
۾ͷΣƣƶЩԾԾԡľͷ롰ȳ⡱
۾ͷһɫԸƣȥ£
Ūߺ۾ͷĲ˼ҲĬ֪ˡġԥ̽ԵСֵܣҿ㡭ɣ
ûṤˣϰҲͬаɣں䵱
ûתĨǵڣԺϾǸһУûҪԺͭǵͬǿ϶ģװ׵ľ˵˳
۾ͷһ㡭Ҳеģǡһң
Ϊټ̫ˣȻԼ˵ҲǸһеģ۾ͷǲ²ĸ䵱̵Ļѧͽ
˵䵱̱Ͼǹڡ桱ⷽѷɫԶˣܶ䵱̸͸桱մϱߣɵǡС⡣
ͷǺֵţ䵱̣Ҹϰţţ˽˹ϵãæŮѧ£˹ɣʱ̣淽չԺⲻûҪǴ򽻵
۾ͷʱˣԭǸӡ㲻Ǹ֡ҲǶһЩѹûаѻ˵
һ۾ͷĲ˼Ȼ㡭СֵܣλСʲôϵ
Ȼ۾ͷ˼ԼĲ˼ʲôϵֻǡƼˮꡱĵĮϵǾͲΪ˺Ĳ˼ϵܡһթȻ̸ˣ
ЦЦͷش𣺡ϰ壬ʲôöóɣ
۾ͷһˣ⻰׸թƯŮˣóֵǸ۵ƷȻͻˣû̸ȥıҪ
˼ڵúˣǾ˵öֵǸǮ
۾ͷһ£ûЩģܾˣթôܻ
ֵܣ㿴۾ͷһȻָָ㿴Щһмֵ
֪۾ͷڡľŵܹԼ֪ԼҲȥѣ۾ͷ˵⻰Ҳӿǣֵ̯̯ϰ壬Ҫ˵滰
۾ͷһ𣬵õ𰸡вʣԥһ»ǵͷ˵ɣ
ҲȥЩ̨ÿɷ˵ССҲۣǧǮĶǺǣĶһҪ
۾ͷɫһ䣬Ȼ׼˵ô͸סһӻ죡
ĻȻĿȷʵ˵ǧĽһûУ
Ĳ˼ɫҲ˱䣬ʵǹƸˣֵֻʮһ϶ǲʹģ
ôһ˵ԶԶûµף˵ǧҪĻ˵ף
֪ڡ˵˵أֻ롰ۡĲ˼ǣһ˫۽۾ͷʲôӦ
۾ͷǾ˵Сҷϸִ˵ﲻ
˵ʵĲ˼Ȼ۾ͷǿģ۾ͷȴɫСڨڨȻ
Ĳ˼һ϶ʱЩ߳ŭı飬ͷü񣬾ȻһֵֻǧǮĶһ
ƭҲˣⶫȥ͸ˡģǶģҪԼȥ˵һ͸ģЦ
۾ͷ˿϶ı飬ҲˣһȻᣬǿǸеĸ֣
һ˾㶮УôٱҲûѲʱ䣬ڶ̶ʱоȷôĶֵǮɲǡͨˡ
۾ͷڨڨЦЦϽ˵ǺǣԵȵȣҽȥ
ʾ㣬۾ͷϾͽ䣬Ĳ˼ɫЩãáǲģӦ۾ͷ
һ۾ͷֳˣγ˿С
СĴС֮ǰľȡ˿С࣬¶ҲûϣǸֵǮһģһģһ
Ĳ˼ⶫ֮ǰȫһٿǸɻúܣͿʲôͬҪ˷ֱĸĸֻ¶ˣһ˫ֵܽһͬ·ŪͬĴ磬վһҲǺֱܷóˣ
ȻѲģ۾ͷѺСóʱͿ¶ⶫ϶ˣҼֵƣŨƣǲһ
֬죬ŨӦĺҲӦ൱
۾ͷٺЦСֵܣٿô
ͷĲ˼˵ͷ˵ǷĶˣ
Ĳ˼һûֱܷʲôͬôһ˵԰һģһһ𣬺Ŷλãת˼Ȧ˭ҲƲĸ棬ĸǼٵˣ㿴ʲôͬĸ֮ǰģĸڵģ
Ĳ˼Ķ۾ͷҲЩʧ룬һҲ÷һ󹤷ܱϳý
ֻһ۾һڵĲ˼ǰ˵ģ


105 
Ĳ˼Ȼţͷôô϶
ָָԼ۾Ц
۾ͷҲЩɻԥһµְöõУȻȡŴ۲죬öȻˣ쵽еصֻſóϣĴһ
öȻģ
Ѿ˵Ƕġģǽƾһôܿó٣
ƺĲ˼֪еѴ۾ͷȴúܣκһеĸֶûһ۾ֱܷóα˵Ϊֻǿðˣ
汾£۾ͷʱˡ·硱ϣΪ֮ǰѾáʮ̶;ʮǧŰپʮŵļԷǸ˵ֵǧûóܹ
ƯһֱվԱۿţ׶ŵģԭ׼ˢҪģȴĬȴţôͿ¶Ǻܡ԰סģ
۾ͷţǲ˼Ĳ˼ʲôǮֻö˵СֵܣҲͲ˵ˣɣҿҲͬУǸˣҲˣ㿪۰ɣ
۾ͷ˵ʲôƯŮţԽ˵ƯŮһģȻǶеģƯŮӦĻ˵ɣ
ʱԼ˼Ĳ˼ȻǮǲԿϵϾԼģþλҪ
ȻҪĿĻҪܴܲ۾ͷаǸľӡŪ֣һҪĲУ
Ĳ˼˸OKƣʾ涫ҲûۣȻû˵ĻĲ˼Ҳףֵ۾ͷǸǮ
Ĳ˼˵еĶûһֵǧ顱Ļ۾ͷȻûȻҲ൱ջҺôҪȻͻԸ
ȻǼǮĲ˼ɲݳ˷ѵˣ۾ͷոóĶһҪʮˣһҪʮǧŰپʮţһǮһ򣬿ŶԷҪʮǮĶܽܣû뵽ԷףһǧǮĶһ˵ĶǡֱǡɥĲ񡱣
ʱȻ۾ͷóֵǸǮĲ˼ŭһ㶼û۾ͷЩġΡ飬͵͵ĿһȻ˵ʮɣ
Ĳ˼ʱ۾ͷȻǡôܣ
Ĳ˼תûǿ죬֪һ۾ͷ
ʲôܲܣϰ壬򣬼ȻȻпۻۣòǾͲοողҲֵֻһǧĶҪʮ߰һǸͿˣ
Ĳ˼ʶȻøӣղһĵġ϶ѾˢˣĵŭôܻԷӣ
۾ͷ곤ûгߵġ¡⣬϶ΪĲ˼ɲȱµߡءſھͿʮǮļ룡
ȻûиὨļǮĲ˼ҲȻû˵Ȼͱʾ۾ͷõöڼֵǲһģ
ʵĲ˼Ҳˣ˵ҲȷֵǮֻǰŨļֵǹļֵӦòһ£ԾûǮĻ
ֻĲ˼ſڿġʮ顱Ȼ̫ˣ
۾ͷЦεЦЦֻҡҡͷǾͲ˼ˣλ֮ǰ£ֻ˵ǸСֵܼȻҲһеģǾͲҽˣڿģļҲôɣС￪ʮǮûܺˡ
ô˵۾ͷлǴŲζֻȣ˵Ӳˡ
Ĳ˼νϾͻش𣺡ãǾɣǵȥ
ǮĻǮ򲻵˴󵱣Ĳ˼ѹͲȥǹ⿪˸۾ͷܴӦĵͼۣһԹȻȥٿ
۾ͷʱ֪ˣЩûڣƯСôˬĿĺңϣڵĿĸǾøƵģ
Ĳ˼Ҫȥң˼ЦŶ˵ˣҪмֵƷҲףȻģֺ⣬ҿͺú̸̸ɡ
ԵĶԵġ۾ͷûϵȻ˵˷żĸϽͣƷԽԽ٣ҴţҪϵȵĺ֬ǿϼѣö˺üƷǵǰ˰ʮ۱Ļġ
۾ͷʱ˵ĻǾ󲿷ʵģȻ۸ϻ˻ѣʱĲǡʮ򡱣ʮ۱ңǰļֵŵڷһҲǲֵģаļҲ
Ĳ˼Ҫȥҿ˵¶۾ͷȻֲߣȰ̸⣬Щˣ˵ĶֵǮȻ˸ֵǮҪãȻϵ
ԹȥҺˣֺα۾ͷǡ̰
ȴƫƫڽ¶Ȱ̸⣬ѲɳҾûöˣ
ʵҲף۾ͷ˵Ҳ滰ڵмǽŵģȥҸһ˼ƭƭ޵ԣ֮ԲȥңҲ˵ҲţҪǸľĶ
۾ͷ˵ĻȻǲȫŵģĲ˼ҲƲƲ죬ֵ̯̯Ҳûˣ˵Ǯ
ȻȰֹ뿪Ȼ̸Ͳּۻ۵½мҡȥ죬ʶóα̸ǮʵģҪֹԼ϶ͳһĿˣ
ͷĲ˼Եġաͷ˵˵ɣĲ˼֮ǰʾλĻҲеס
ϰ壡һͶ۾ͷ˵Ҹ㿪۰ɣʮǸҶϲ֣Ҳã㷢Ҳô
۾ͷɫЩԥ˵ʵ۱λ϶ǵЩʵɱĻҲԿ˵öҲ㲻ֻ֬ϵȣʮȻߣҲǺܵͣףԷۣҲгģ
ƯŮġʮ顱гöˣȻⲻƯŮԼ˵ʵΪ¶˵ףҲΪԼۣûǸ֣
ƯŮȻ˵ļۿ϶
۾ͷԥƬ̣ȻЦŶ˵СҲ˵ʵ㿪ۣܿóǳҪǮȷʵƫͣɣټӵ㣬ټӵ㡭
ˣƤЦⲻЦһھͻؾˣȻǮҲ롰ԡҲûϵԼϻ˵ġ侲һǰôõ㿪ھǼʮٹǧĴ⣿


106 
Ǯ׬⣬׬һ㣬ҲȲ׬ã۾ͷоġӲҲЩҡ۸һ㣬Ū⣬Կ϶һһŮᣬĿˣ
Ӽ۵Ļؾƺնһ㣬۾ͷĲ˼ǲı飡
ƯŮ
۾ͷóĽۣȻǮǮȻܣ
ã㽻죡۾ͷԥһ£ž͵һͷһִӦˣʮͰʮɣǲģֻСûƽ׬һǿϧˣ
Ĳ˼ʱڱʶ֮ı»ǱȽŷˣ̸ɵġʮ򡱼۸ûҪ࿼ǵ˼Ȼ۾ͷĲţվҪһƷĻģ
ˢǩĲ˼óÿޱĵݸ۾ͷ
۾ͷҲо飬Ĳ˼ÿһŹдеʯ޿ֿ˶һ㶼Ļ𣬶ʹֿ˼̽羫Ӣ
ƯȻ㲻ǡ̽羫Ӣģʮ꣬ʹֿǸĸԭ򣬶һǮ˼ҾǸŮÿุĸֻǸŮֶʹõ޿ɴ˿ƯŮͥͷ϶ͬ죡
۾ͷûûԼƶPOSS忨ˢģˢǩ֡
ˢĵݴ۾ͷЦ͵Ĳ˼ǰЦ˵鷳ǩְɣ
Ĳ˼ӹݺͱʣڹ̨ˢˢˢǩԼ֣Ĳ˼֣
۾ͷĬĬһĲ˼
ûͭաĲȴһ˲õ˼ңǾͭ׸Ĳ۾Ĳ˼Ĳ۾ûʲôϵ
۾ͷһȻЦ̽Ĳ˼ǺǣԭաĲ֪Ĳ۾ĲĲʲôϵ
Ĳ˼һ࣬ɲԼ͵͵͸˵ø֪۾ͷֻһÿǩͲ³ˣǾЩͷۣ
ûʲôϵһ£Ĳ˼ͷˣǿѵ˵ǵ⣬ﳶˣģҵģ˵л
ʱĲ˼۾ͷԽԽûʲôء˼ˡ
۾ͷεȡ黬Ĳ˼ЩıоͿóƯŮӸĲ۾СǳĹϵ
𾪣ŮĲ۾ġ֮ǰüٻƭҪǴȥĲ۾֪˾Ǹ⣡
ԭʮ˻еԿʱ۾ͷȴʮļ۶Ҫˣһö⣬ʹǮеٸһ㵹ҲûʲôϾĲ۾Ҳǡȡ֡ˣ˼ٵĶƭĲ˼Ĳ۾֪һŭͭǴȥ
ʱƯŮĲ۾ǧûʲôϵ
֮䵽ʲôϵ۾ͷ֪Ҫ֤һ㶼ѣĲһ֪ˣȻȷĲ۾ûйϵ·Ǻõģ
۾ͷԥǲҪĲ˼˵ȡףһǮ־ʱô˵ǡģһʱͳԥ
ۼɣ۾ͷˡĲ۾֣֪϶ǲ²⵽ʲôˣҵʱ̽ľӵ£ǲ֪ľܣҪ֪ʹŪֵͷҪ֪ǿԼˡ
ϰ壬ȻˣǺǡһЦһָŻԱߵǸ˼ľ˵ϰ壬ǸҲҰɣûȥԸоо
۾ͷһҪҪǸ
Цǰϰ壬ǸһеĽⶫûؼоֵܹҲΪоù࡭
۾ͷŶһ£еȻı飬˵ǣղһУõļϰǰѼٻƷо͸СӼȷǿҪȻôܿһ۾ϵó٣
ȻҪ˰ɣ۾ͷϽڨڨЦŻش𣬡ͲҪǮ͸Сֵܵˡ
ⶫǸƷ˵ֵǮҲȫ޼ֵԭҲҪǧٿǮģҪ˵յȴԵ̫СˣԴ󷽵͸ʱֻⶫֵʲôǮ͸ֵʮĶǣֲһ֮ǰµġԹӡ
ȴռˣҡҡͷ˵ǿɲУһһǶôľô˰ٺ٣ǼȲ뱻ռҵıˣҲȥռ˵ıˣ
۾ͷֲ֪Ĳ˼ʲôϵһģͬ飬ǲɵģ˵ҲǡһʱҲ²ⲻʲôͼ
һ˵һִӿڴһƱ˶ʮţȻŵ۾ͷǰĹ̨ϣϰ壬ǧ飬Ȼ࣬Ҳ٣ҰöˣҾԲɽв
ǧǮ۾ͷ˵ȻصС£ǵûõʲôôȥĲ۾淢ֲ㵱Ĳ˼Ĳ۾ǲϵ
۾ͷԥӣϰ壬ҾˣؼȥúооڴԺ۾øһЩţϰ壬ɲ԰ѡ
˵ָŰԱǸľ˵ϰ壬ɲ԰ľ͸Ҽװö
ûû⣬Ȼûˣ۾ͷȻӦţֵǮĶҪͣοҪôֵǮСնˣ
һ۾ͷͰٷְȷǲ֪ľеġܡˣ̲סϲ
ġԱ͵ȫǿܿҲûʲôⲻȥĸо۾ϰǸġ̡ռıռ˭ıˣ
˵һ㣬۾ϰԼǸʮʮġ֡ĸֻڼʶϣȴûܿġǷԭǡǿʳΪϡ磬ԼȻҪԿˣûʲô˵ģ
۾ϰϽľùٰѼٵŽȥϸӣŵݵǰЦ˵СֵܣǺǣⶫֵʲôǮƫƫֻǮҡǲ˼
ľЦЦ˵ûʲô˼ۣҾֵŻһԸһԸĵƣó⣡
۾ϰû¶һ˿֪ľܵɫһֱڹ۲治֪Ǽٲ֪
װ֪ĿС۾ϰ屾̰֪ľ˺ֵǮǾԻ¶᲻áı飬ȫûϧı顣
ǺǼЦȻ鿴ľӵܣûһۣǸǧǮġνڡǡڡ
Ĳ˼Ťͷô
ˣͷٸ۾ϰʾһŸĲ˼һ뿪
ǰŲ뿪۾ͷֽһƵԸϽȥǶĴһĲ۾ļͥԱĲСûʲôϵ


107 ©
Ĳ˼Ϻ󣬼Ĳ˼һ˫۶ǧǮºܻɡ
Ǹľ̨һڣ˵ϰ̫黬ˣĵ
Ĳ˼һ죬֪˵ġһ㡱˵ԼָǸϲ˵
Ĳ˼㲻ҲǺͣҲһǮҵ
Ĳ˼е㻳ɵģһϾˣͷش𣺡԰컹ллˣû뵽㻹ô㡭
һĲ˼ǸϰĶôûһֵǮģ
Ĳ˼ˣǵڵĿģ̨￴ǹӹŵĶտʱ͹Ķôֵǧļֵɣ˭֪ˣھ˵ûһֵǧǮϵģ
˵ͷ̾ϢŵǰҵĵҲǺòȥ㵱ʱ˵Ҫȥҵ꿴ŷóȷʵģֵǸۣҲȰˣȥҵҲһֻҪ˵úãˣ
ǵɡĲ˼۾ͷ̲סŭɫֻҪһ뵽øһǧǮĶ͸ʮˣڶҪһļۣ˵ܲһ򰡣ǮֲܴϵҲҿڣ
ʱ뵽̸ЦЦ˵ΪΪʳôͲҿڣ
Ĳ˼˺ߣ۾ͷķŭӲˣ۹⿴ջ˰ʮ֬ʱ뵽ȥĿĻǴﵽˣ롰ӿһӡɬڴ֪ԼʱʲôӦ
ָָǰߵ·ڵ㶫ҲˣûʲôˣǰǸ·ڰҷɣûԶҴƻȥҲԶ
Ĳ˼šһ뵽һ£Ͻ¼ǵáǧҪŶκ˶˵رҽ㡭
ЦЦ֪ˣѧУＸˣҸ˭л˵ԣ
Ĳ˼ͷȻһЦһ˲ǰ۶Ρһ£ŷ̿ͣ˳˵ֵǮĶǧҲ治ɫУһǸ㼸ǧıɣҽʧһǮӦõõģ
Ǹľӿ˳ž³վ·߰ڰֵ˵ˣҪǮͲˣǧǮѹңллˣ
Ĳ˼˵ͷӲǲҪıҲˣͬ꣬ŷʵǸˣ
һŻҪ˵仰ȻߵûӰˣסֺЦֺôܵô죿
ǺȻ뵽ɣϼ⼸˿ЩüĿ仹ǳܲϾСΣղҿôܲģ
ҽԺǰĽֵмȫˮӪƷĵ棬òĵ棬Ҳֺûǰ󣬾ͽһ䣬һֵŮЦݵӭ˳ޣҪɶӣ
ͨʵ˵òȴ˺ǿġһ֪ͭǱˡ
Ｘ˸ָˮװ˴ˮҲȥڰ˵ȥˣƼһʲôȽǡ
һƼ֣ŮЦݾ͸ŨˣͨһͶ˵ⲻãǷž֮޻ָ׬ʲôǮģǮ˾ûôϻ˵ҪʲôͷԸʲôûǮҲƺøǮˣֿ˵ǮǱȽϺ׬ģ
СӿǸˬ족ˣŮӸϽЦǺǵĸܣ˰ǺǣҶˣЩˮǸսģʵúܣҪ˵˵Ļ㿴Щؼƻںᣬ̩ۣԽϻУûһʻʻˣòҲģǲ
֪Ů˵ô޷ǶΪˮʻǮ׬׬ɣһжҪ׬ǮҪ˵ģֻҪ۾ͷô׾ͺá
ǣ͸ҰѼֺõĳһ㣬ٰһʻ
Ůһôˬ죬ʱϲЦտ˵ޣ㲻ûɣЩǴˮ˵ģһٰʮˣٰʮˣٰʮˣ˰ٰʮ˵ģ㿴
򵥵ֱ˵˵ʲôͬ
ŮָһŰװ˵Ļ˵һٰʮ˵ͨˮʻٰʮ˵ϵˮҲʻٰʮ˵Ĵһʻ˰ٰʮ˵ǳӽˮһֵٰ˵ʻ
붼ûľ͵ͷ˵ǾͰ˰ٰʮ˵ģһ˵һ˳Ʊ˾ŵݸŮˡ
Ů̲סЦݣ˵ʹ죬ܶಢСʱҲ˵һ¼Ǯ˵ٰʮ˵ĸ壬˰ٰʮ˵ĸ˰٣ҲôӦ˵ҲС˰ٰʮ˵ӱֻҪİٶ࣬󼸺һ룡
ѵôˬĿˣŮ˸ϽʻٰãˮֳɵģҪֽţڰʻʱصѡʻ˼ҴҲ̫ˣĻ
ǲСرأƴõˮһҲͶʮﲻа˸ߣδЩ·˳ټϻһõʻһһûûգ
ط϶סԺˣҲûȴ绰ʣ¥ԱߴȥסԺ¥׵ĵݴͣѹºֻŸɣϼ绰
ɣϼЩƣ롱ιλ
ңͳ˵ɣϼ˵벻׼֡͡ϼζ
ɣϼЩ⣬Ϊûӵĵ绰һ²˵㡭ϰ壬ҡǲǵæҪ֣
һŵáϡЩ˵סԺ¥£һ¥
㡭ˣɣϼȻ⣬ƺЩҵ˵áúãҡ㣬㡭
⼸仰һ˵ɣϼû˵Ļ͹Ҷ˵绰ֺֺЦ˵¥ͲžͺˣⲻǶһ
ãӾӰɣǰڶ㡰ϡã
¥·ǰŹĲݣʱ˻٣ÿݼûпУһֱ߷ӣɣϼŴһĵгһǰѰңһֻź룬ʱЦ绨ֻ֡
ΪɣϼƯ˲ˡ顱ƯŮﶼǱĿעӵĽ㣡
ɣϼܹԱߵĴеĴʻʱ̲סҧҧʵ㡭ϰ壬Ǹɡʲô
ޱĵöɣ
ŶҰɣɣϼһ죬Ͻֽӹеʻ˹Ťݱ߿첽߹ȥ
ֻǽûȴû뵽ֽſ죬ѻ͹ˣʱҪԼе١뷴ǳ˵ȥҲرصþðɣСľӱ֡Сĸں档


108 ľ
ݿںܶ˵ȣ˶˫޿յɣϼŮһܣ˫޿յӣܶӼְæ
ɣϼȵݵʱ㡭ôпˣ
·˳㣡Ļش
ŶɣϼӦһֱ첻˵ˣȴֽϲõı飬ֻȴû뵽ʱաȵݵǣ
ɣϼ˵ã˾ͻԸµҪᶫܡȡ˵ֽߵı飬ɵӶóϲеģûСϵϹӶ֪
ֿɺ޵ǣ绨ƵŮ˫ûУһһûϲŵȴվǶţȲҲڰæһԿŵβ
ԱߵȺһ£Ůļһ˫۾û뿪ɣϼ̲סֺһĴȡ
ӡӴһʹŤͷŮյ
Ůߺߵĵʲôôô˵ȥ
һ죬ĺţֲøŮѷֻŲ
ŮɣϼȻʡ˺˵ڵЩŮ˰ǼúôǵСĻɫ
ɣϼһ£Ťͷ˿ǸŮˣȴһĶЩơζԱߵһΣ
ɣϼʱ֪Ů˵ˣգȴһǣƺǸŮ˵Ļûһ㡣
ٿˣ˶ɣϼһӾ;޴ˣϽ˵¥ݰɣȡȲݡ
˵⻰ɣϼҲ᲻¥ݣԼͿ첽¥ݿܹȥһʮӣ
ͣ˼ɣϼתһ£ûи
ãȻûôܣǸˣ첻¥ݡ
ûб˸ɣϼȻЩȴ˵¥ݾ߰ɣֲ˵Ǽ¥˵Һأŵݲ¥ݣһ֣ɵӣ
ֺòãɣϼûĻش𣬡˼Цǣ㻹˼ȡЦң
ɣϼ׻֪Ǹʲôˣ֪ǡơ˵ֺݣȴǡǡ෴Բûġ
ϰ尡ǰҪľġӡ
һ¥ݣһ˵ʱѧʦͳˣ
ۡɣϼ̲סЦ֪Ϲ˵˵̲סЦ
¥¥ɣϼûߣתУ󣬼˺ܶ࣬ҽʿ˺ͼУߵж˲ٵĴλ̾ϢʲôҽԺġ⡱ã
ɣϼı黹㡰ɡ͹ƵӦ˳ģôܻЦݣ
ߵʱһЩ˵ļŽο˵ɣϼһӣһûһȴ˸Сľӣǿ֣һ㶼ϧ񡱣һ̫¡ˣ
ʱȻᡰ֡ˣҪ¥¾ˣ˼ڶſˣ١֡ʲô壿
λűߵˣŮģͶֻʮңߵǸλǿŵģûˣҲϵɣϼ裬Ȼϵ
ϴΰ͵ҽԺɣϼһֱǻŵģû
ɣϼѹڴϣʻڹϣк㡭ϰɣ
šһڴش鷿УûɣϼĶ
ɣϼƺˣϽţ˳ڻڻУҪܻͨǺ˳ģҽ˵ѾûΣˣھҪڻҶȹʮСʱ޾ʱ䣡
˵ͷ־ûʲô˵ĬƬ̲ŷԸվǰЩߵɣϼһڵļٰɣչ˺ȥϰ࣡
ɣϼһ֣̱ڶչ˺ˣȴǻشţһھͲãĹؼڹ˾ͺãƽʱ°չ˾Уص̫ϰʱ䣡
˰֣û˵ԼԸ⼸ͼɣԼҲǿҪϰࡣ
ɣϼ˵ϵġھӡһʱ־ɬѣ˵ʲôû˼˵ˣ
һĬƺԵñȽΡ
ҲǴˣúεʱһ죬ɣȻŽ
һɣϲĽһ򣡡
ɣϼɲǼ糺һƬˣ
Ϊû֮ǰǻھӡǵļ죬ɣϼʱ˵ԼŴѧҵûѣɵܵһͽΪ򡱣ⲻ޵ݡ
Ҳڡˡǰôв̫ǡֲⲡеġŮǡгϽվɣϼˣ´绰
ŶɣϼЩŤȷʵҲܲڣ˵Ҫ˵ĻҲ֪ǲ
ɣһȴȻɣϼ㣬һ½򡭡ˣȥæ°ɣҽûˣҽԺţҸ绰
⡭ɣϼߣЩԥ
ɣֱǴȥȥɣ˳ͺãڴҲֻǴţʲôãȥɣ
ɣϼһҲǣҲܵͨ͵ܴܵҽԺҲֻţʲôҲˣҪľ˯ϢٶҪ΢˵еĻҲü֣ҽԺĻʿ
ɣϼۼܵЦݣ۹кЩġߵӶˣϽӡҲƵˣ
ȥʱҲΪѵȣԻ¥ݣֱҽԺɣϼɬƽϢϾ·ϵ˶İˣʲô֪ȻͲẦˣ
һߵͷǺĨһѺˮ·ߵı֧ˮһ֧ɣϼȻšһͺһ롣
ĶˮоͷҲССһˮɣϼ˵㻹ǻҽԺ裬ûʲô£һȥͺã
ɣϼ˵ͷղż뿪ҪǡߡʵǺܵĸף˳ƺ߲ŻԼе̤ʵȻô˵ˣҲǾҽԺ
ɣϼԥһ˵صȥɣҽԺԷʱҸͲ͹
˰ֵ㣬пҪ;Ͱɣ
⼸Ѿܡܡɣϼȫλġ̺򡱣ڡԡⷽ棬ƽʱԸһûϯʱ䣬ʱһһٷӦˣһٱһٶģֱɣϼ˺ûΪԵķѹģһͣԱȱÿĳԵĶظ
ɣϼûзԣûܾܵܽ򡱵ĳƺ۵ĺòģͷ˼ֶһָ
˼ǸСľϣʱȫǸϽصľŪʲô


109 Ѱ
ص̣ѵŹϺٵ䣬˵ƣľӷϣʱҲҪľӡֽ⡱ѰðĸԴ飬ȴľ쿴ܼܲ
ľӵῴ൱¾ɡݵĶľõԭľĿ϶ϡľҪȻб
ľϵҲѾЩ΢䣬ڽṹϵǺܡܡ֪תĨǵĽͷ϶ӵģǿС족ʲô֮Ķ
ľļһ飬Ӳûʲô·ûʲôزҵľӡĺˡ
ְ˰⣬ľӺܽû˿ɶУѲҪøͷɣ
ûŪľ֮ǰҲǲóȻľʹŪı
ţǰǸͲʱȻһǰǸͲصڵײľӻ᲻ͬ
Сߣ˾һľĸ߶ȣʮףߵȣȴֻʮס
ףľĸӺһ׶ܱһƬľ壬Ҳ˵ľӵײĺȴﵽ׶࣬ȻǿԲһЩܵģ
ľӵĸӺһӱǴӵײǸλðģ֪ܿ϶ڵײľˣ
ʱҲʹáСľӵȻû⣬ľһӾ͸šˣľСľҲǿŪÿɢˣʲôͲˡ
ľװ׼װĺȣʱĸϿܺԵĿˣ
װľľϳһģñ˿˼£ϵľ϶ͱˣ˿˶£ľͱ˿ˣ
ȻЩšס˺СĵİľҿŰ߼СľװмλôһһСİ
һϸ˿ŵԲ壬ʱ൱ŨһɱǴԲΰðġ
ʵԲСξǰһöһǮӲҴС״СԲԲСĵ˳ҿ񲼡
ҿ˿񲼰¶ĹȻǸԲε壬СһǮӲһСЩоǣԲǺɫģڵöЩˣ͸棬Ҳʲô
һźӣ
Ǹʲô
̯УоЩӺСƺأܲԳơ϶ǰ飬ǺӰǺǲһ޿ܴﵽӵĳ̶ȣɫͬҲкɫĺӵĺȫͬ
ӵȻʵصܶйأôС״һӣһʯͷǸӣҲûô⻹治֪ǿʲôӣ
ӱľв֪Ȼ֪ӵر֮Ҫֺͨαزصô
ǿգ÷Ŵ󾵿õķţȴʲô쳣ͬ⣡
ǲ͸ģǿҲû˿ӦŹ⻬ҲǺܸߣԿ϶Ӳǡ֮Ľ
Ǹʲôأ
Ҳû²⵽̧ͷ˿컨ƣһߡʱȻ뵽ӻ᲻Ǵ˵еġҹ顱
ִ˵еıûȻӱصôܡپӦñصķ
һ뵽һݣϾȥϴȻ˵ƣʱһƬڣ
Ȼ֪ӰڷŵĸλãϸûһĹߣҲȻûз
ѵҹ飿Щʧѵƿˣٿӣıӣûа㡰ˡ
˼һ뵽ԹҹĪҪ⣬ȻŻᷢ⣬ĪҪӷŵ̫ɹһʱ䣬˹ߺܷ⣿
ǵƣȻǾͬӲ⣿
ʱ̫պһΣӳͷ̫ͣõɹһ⣬ٿûзЧ
Ľֵ˺٣ѵŴ򿪣Ϊ˲ù·˾á֡˳Կװͣſ·ߵİµQ5򿪣ٰѶϵ촰͸촰䵽棬ȡ
ӷڳ̫ɹλãȻ³˳š
ţõģΪûм֤ҲûҿȥʵĲ˼ġѵ󣬳ѾǻῪˣǹ֤ʻΥģ
ͣһֱɹ̫ƫʱˣ˵Żڣ̸̫ϡ͡ˣҲ׼ʱʹ˽ֹ
ֱǡ򿪳ŵһɲǣͱһѬ˵ӭ
ϽסְѺ˾˳˳Žꡣ
¶ʮϣжֻ¶˳ֻ¾Ǹҡ
ҲȺģȻĸСʱıɹˣȷŵϣȻȥ˵ơ
ﻹһƬڣȻ仹ǺܲӦһž۾оˣֻۿȻһƬڣ
ûз⣿
һһֱΪӼпһšҹ顱պɹ̫󣬵ǿԿ϶ⲻǻᷢҹˣ
Ϊȷֹ֤صƿƵ˺üΣǿôᷢ⣬ſ϶ǡҹ顱
ʱй
æһⶫеġʧǿ϶ġ
ðǹŨıʱֳ˼֮ǰľбұŨĶն֤Сǳֵ
ֵȻΪġǮֵˣԽŨĶļ۸Ҳࡣ
źӼǰõ˵ǼıƺŨЩƣò˵ĺӦøֵǮŶԣֲ飬ֲҹ飬ǽǲ֪
ϾԼ۾Ҳǰٷְپ׼ȷģָһδҲпܵģ
һ߳һţҪҪϰһ
ʶ˵УҲֻŵùˣȻţҲǣţ򶫲Ҳûôֻп֪
ţĻʹʶⶫ߲ʶһѵ㣬Ҫϲϵã֪֪ⶫļֵͲ˵ˣ
ǰܡǿĸ֣Ǻģֻ֪зǳֵȴֲ֪ʲôǻǲá͡ˣ
ȻϲǺõķʱͲԼҲǼҪǮŪŪʲôҲԺлѯ
Уϱʱֶһ£ء
Ӵһһץȴûץסǿźӡһ䵽ϣµµĹɳȥˡ


110 ӵ
ЩľҲЩæң׷ϲϽſڵϵɳȥ̡
Ȼ޷֤ʲôҲ֪˵ġ֪ʲôô֮ıŨ
ƾһ㣬ǾӲһ㣬ֻûӵصѣʧˤ˺Ǻܾˤˣ
ӹɳߵĽ䴦пܸɾɳоͺˣǻҳһ㣬ǿźɡںĻҳУմ˺ܶĳ
ſ˵£ֽȥãֻɳŲ˵㣬ŰӼˡ
մ˻ҳĨȴĨϵǳˣӵȥ׼ϴһ¡
ϴ账ˮ򿪣һָͷֵˮմ˳쵽ˮϴˮѹܴˮбˮֱǻζ
ϴţϴһΪˮȺǿ䶼ʪ˲٣ȴƺһƬ
ˮѹȽǿԭְˮĿԹСЩˮСˣˮѹҲСˣˮ˻µСˮ
ʱϴͲٽõˮˣϴһ󣬼еӻǸȻûϴһ㣬ʪûʪ⵹Щˣ
ֺʪҲ֪ǿۻǸоˣõ۸ǰϸһǷ˸쳣
һ˫ʪ͸ˣմ˳ȴһ㶼ûʪһˮûմ棡
ס̲סϸţһ˫ֻʪʪģٰ쵽µˮнݡ
ʱΪŵģԿǻµˮ䵽еʱȻȵķ֣ˮӻһ׶ĵطֲ͡ߴ䣬ûմһ㣡
Ӳմˮ
ˮ»ȫ棬ϽϴйˮϣٰˮŴЩϴһˮŰˮˡ
ϴˮף峺羵ķŵˮС
һ֡ˮʱͿһˮȻųĴһ㣬ѰΧˮų⿪ˣ
ƺһεġƿ˰Χˮһ㣡
صľǾ
Ǳˮ飡
صĶҲֻڴ˵ɣ־棬Щ챦ȻϡûУûҲܿ϶Уˮ顱ֶûУֶֻ񻰹вŴڣҲûȴûϵ쾹Ȼۼˣ
ѹˮϴɾϵĳˮմ棬ȻûϴĻҳˣ
Ȼ棬뵽ܿҲܲ˼ôܳϣΪʲôͲܡˮӣ
˵ܴ󣬴Ȼкܶ޷͵ĴȻгһܡˮҲǲܣ
Ȼǲմˮģˮ϶ϴɾˣӷŵϴ̨ϣøë֣ų˼ֽǿӡ
ֽûǿףϵĳû¾Ͳˣһ֮ǰ
һܱˮӣҲ֪жļֵȷʵоЩأҲоû̫ļֵĿУбĶջԼǮļֵ
ò˵ĺðı൱Ũ񣬰ĳ̶Ӳ֮ǰ˹ǧֵֻͣߣڿⶫܱܿˮ⣬ƺҲб쳣ҪԸĹƣǮĻҲǼʮɣ
Ҳ֪ղӵʲôˣľû֪Ҫܿⶫֻ»á㡱ľӵװļвУҲ֪Żᱻ˷֣
ľеǱƽˣֻЩ㯣Կ͸ֵı֮һˣǰͷǼ֪ʲôȻԼǵ֪ʶҲ죬֪֪ǵĴڡ
ӵġˮȴû˵ĵطֻСμǡߡС˵ˡ
ƺ񻰹еĴ˵Щͬ񻰹еġˮ顱ºǱȻܡˮֻܱܿһ׶Ŀռ룬˵еԶҲ֪ܸʲô
ľҲѾٵˣûСðˣ϶Ǽϲ壬ֻˡ
ѲƬ˵ľƬóȥӵ·ߵͰУ˵̨صꡣ
Ҳûţ¾ֻˣǰɣϼûʱڿ죬Դɣϼ˺ͱˣϴϵزá
׬ǮұҲˣΣҲȥġ桱ѹǰ̸סʱʱѹھȫоѹ
뵽踸ʱ־յû䣬̸ͱȻֵģӦ뵽ǵӺʹ־òܣ
ϾѪԵϵɣʮ֣ҲԼ˰˷֣
ٹЩʱȥ͵͵ڼʹòãҲֻϹƶЩĸѾǶתˣûˡɷĸ׷ծˣһ룡
ҲȤԺ˯ɣҲ֪˶ãƺŵһζƺĲ档
˯ˣѰɣԷˡ˯ô㿸˶֪
ۿֻ֪ɣϼ˸Ƿ̧ͷۣȻɣϼˣ˲ͺӹ
ζˣɣϼ΢˵ͿɣҿؼȥȢϱǮʡˣã
ɣϼһ㵣漴Ц֪ߣҪҲǴٵİɣǹҲǸĸ棡
ɣϼһ߸ȡ˺ӣһһ¶ͷǸСζ
ʵɣϼûرЩʲô鶯һֱǺȻȻ£ЩȻĶͱоĸһġذ
ԴӸĸûܹ֡ʵڣţҲܹҲ൱ǶǡˡûŮ֡ϸ塱ɣϼǸ͵ĸͣǻչˡ
ȻɣϼԼĿУûоöرֻǰġԸ£ƽʱҲչĸ׺͵ܵܣƽƽΪȴޱȡж
ɣϼݹġѵõû١ˡ
˼ֽӹɣϼݹķУ׼ԵʱȻɣϼϻȥ˯
ɣϼȻðĻŪ־ôȻðôһ仰
ǡĶʲô뷨
Ҫ϶Լʲôͼ֪ô죿
ɣϼһʱ飬֪ǾܾػǴӦã
ȴСϲáͷֻһ뵽Ǹ̲סɬѵ
һǸ޴ɬﵹһɣϼȷƯɬʱջˣȴЩֺЦֺɣϼ


111 ͷ
ȥҿɲǸɱģȥǸûĽһ¡
ȥɣϼһ㶣ЩϣֹͣͣţôʲôÿģôҲֻǸֿƽʯһΪһΪ
㻹ΪʲôۼģյôôɫҾȥǶɱռҵıˣ
㵹ɣϼһҡߺߵĵǹ²ռıˣô˵ϻˣ
һЦֱȣһ˵пȥҾ߳ǿһѰĦλ
ɣϼꡱһЦûٸϹȥʰɨˡ
ɣϼڿû˵һͷ꣬ѾѵʰòˣĲôɨһ飬극ָһ裬Ȼʰ˲о֡
濿ϣоʵ̫ˣۼڿƯɣϼʰ׼ıְֵСϼүš
ɣϼ̲ס죺㡭ûˣϰ壬ϰ͵иϰƦһ
һۣ˵Ʀӣ֪֪㻹ڡ
ɣϼƺ֪˵ʲôľʹĻֱ˵ľ˵֪֪Ҷᱳˣһڣһͻ᳴Ҷ԰ɣ
㶣˰β˵˵㻹չ裬ܶ
ɣϼһʣ㡭Ϊ㡭Ϊǡ
˰֣ˣߣȻԼң
ɣϼЩǱˣթϸϸһ£Ҫ˵ǰϻֻԼת䡱Ļ˼Ϊ˵Ǹأһ֪ʵô˵˵ĻֻǽƱ棡
Ҫȥٸ족ϹɣϼûǸߵúܣ뻹ˣȥԵ׼һ£Ҫȥأ
ɣϼݵĲ裬šүζɣϼġѾͷġСϱôһƯ֪ĵŮӣʵϲ
ȻҲһ̬Ҳ֪ΪʲôĲ˼ӰƺѾñǰ࣡
绹ǵٹصţûʲôˣźȥɣϼ뷨ӰʯŪĶܹȷ뷨ЩϷ֣Ժɣϼһپܹϸԣбϵ
뻹һСʱеģ㿪ҸӰʱ䣬ûҺÿʲôӰʱſھͼĽһˡ
Ÿһˣ
֪Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼òǺ񣬵ȴЩ𣬲Ҳ
Ĳ˼촩žӢˬЩ⣬ʲô°
пʲô˽£֮ǰ˵ˣܡż޷չͲǻӡ
Ĳ˼࣬ڰֵô࣬ϳ˵
Ĳ˼˵ݻҲ£֪Խǻ˵úݣԽ෴飬˵Ȼ飬Ҳû׷ʣѵˣȻĳ
Ĳ˼Ŀ棬ϵĺۼûˣȻ޹˵ġ
Ĳ˼־˳ţ˰׺ſʼ˵ˮˮ±ߵĺһͷŮʬƯ˷֣֯ưΪף챨һֱ춼û˿ͷŮʬҲûκ־׼רӡ
˵ͷĲ˼Ȼû˵ҪʲôҲףĲ˼ǴӾ̾ӳˣ±ߵĻ㵥λżչˣҪӵĻǸܡĺûᣡ
εİܲܰæ⻹˵Ͼǰһεȫͬǰһ˽ӣѰҲŶĵص㣬ܿȻֺϷ
ȫͬ͵İӣܲưȷʵ˵ˣΨһһϣǣϱʼɽǿ࣬ܿκġȷʵˮ˵ưаܰѴ˵ǰͷ
Ĳ˼統Ȼ֪ЩʲôȻ֪ʵ类ġ͡ɱˣһֱΪǿġ
ȥĲ˼翪ųûȥɳȥǹĺɽˮķѵҪȥǸʬֳ
Ĳ˼һ߿һ˵ȥֳǹܲʲôΪҸΪ˽ģҲֻ˽Ȳ鿴ҲܱͷûҾ͵ʲô¶ûɹ󻪲֪־쵼֪о쵼֪
Ҳ޳Ĳ˼ôüͷյ˵Ĳ㣬ܲ˵Ҫң
СĲ˼ںЦһ˻ŮһСǼôһ仰ˣ
ȻҲֻǸ족ѣôԸӾˣǸžù񫣬һʱ췴ˣ
ҲŮ𣿡ߺһʾķĲ㣬ٹǸˣƢŹ֣ţɷģҲ֪Ժĸ˸Ȣ㣡
Ĳ˼ҧø죬֮ǰռϷ磬Ѿڸı䣬һʱ·磬Ǹղţֱáðɡˣ̲ס뱩KһͨΪڿ㶯ֻ֣ţ
ţȴ̣ŷյеƤǲǣпյʱҴ㣬ڣô𣿡
ʵĲ˼㲻ˡϡŶʮ꣬úܣ绪ïʱֻȷʵһЩʮˣС꣡
ٺЦ⣬ĵطҲ󣡡
㡭Ĳ˼Ҳ̲ס־һȭϣԱһ£ڳ棬Ҳ˶ٿռ䣬Ĳ˼һȭǴ䣬Ӵһʹ˳
һºʹǹģĲ˼һȭҲûҲһĲ˼綷죬ˡʱȻҪĽСʹˣ
Ĳ˼Ȼǡǵͷؿڣǲ˵ģطС
ãҲСĲ˼˺ߣĻ⣬ųֱǹسǽˮɽ·
ˮڳǹؽɽɽһɽ࣬һȻƣγһȻĴˮ⣬ڴɽֻһٶ׿ӻʱ޽ġ
ˮͭȫˮ֮һ滮ϸ񣬸һǧڶ׼լס۷ϡ
ذɽһ·Դӽʮ滮Ϊˮ·˾ˣżӿ羰
Ĳ˼ѳͣڴϱߵĹ·ϣ³ָſڵı·˵Ǳߵˮ߷ֵģΪˮûʲôԸʬûˮƯߣҲʬ㣡


112 ˷
˾ߣֳûʲôʬ帡˶ˮҲûŮʬͷʬֲûаͷ
˵ŮʬȻ߶ȸˣͷԵľͿóͷáնģⲻʬǡֽ⡱ʬġ
ֳҲ̾Ѿ˾ߣһҵĽӡ⣬ʲôûС
Ĳ˼üͷ۲죬ֳƻˣǡᡱʲôģ˵Ҳһǡסֳֻ˵ʬص㡣
Ůʬһһſ״ܲ²ǰʯģݵþ˴ʯŮʬƯˮˡ
Ĳ˼Ѱӵһһ˵ˣָǰˮλһˮλģǸб£ˮԼʮףм䲿λʮ㿴ܲᵽʲô
ʵĲ˼˵⻰ʱҲûбϣԼҲ֪ʵãҲֻĴһϣѡ
ûӦĲ˼磬һǰߵİɳбУһ¶ȲԼֻʮȵ¶ȣܿһֱˮߣжʮĶ
Ĳ˼һԶԶǰУΪˮУܶľҶˣֻʣһЩסˮ͵Ĳࡣ
ġרġĲ˼Щţ֪ܲܡᡱóʲô
Ƭˮ̲صʱ;úЩ쳣ƺ֡ëȻĸо
ˮ̲ʮطðš֣֡ǲϵǾá֡ҡ־塱
ЩǱġҲһҲСܵǿˮ̲ʮطðֻðġһûһǡصءֻзصпǵˣ˵ĵŻðеġ
ȻǷˮңԱ˵ķҲ֪һЩ˵ȿɽ׼ĵ⣬Ҫ᲻ᱻˮͣˮˮˮ͵ĵؿ϶ǲ˵ģһƬشԽˮļʮ궼ǱˮŵģȻļ˻ѡطˣ
ΨһĽ;˰ʬ塰ˣǾֻСɱˡһ˵ˣһһƬðʬˡĵطȻʮ֮࣬ñ亹ֱëȻ
Ĳ˼ں߸תšȦӡһ߶ŵߣһ𾪡ı飬Խı飬Խ˷ܣָǡᡱʲô
ǲŵʲôˣһطͣˣĲ˼Ͻ
ɫЩסԥһ²ŶĲ˼˵㡭ҪҪȽͬ
Ĳ˼һ֪϶ǷʲôȻʲôû˵ͺˣıƺܡ־塱ɴûϿı飬Ǻ˿ֲ£
Ĳ˼һ²ȱͬ˵˵ʲôҿһ£
֪Ĳ˼Ҫǡ֤ݡֻа֤ץ˲ټͬܶ
ԥһ£ͽʮһ׶೤֦ڸǰһطһȻĲ˼˵ҲȷЩζҰѿɵĵطһ֦ЩطȻһ£ʲôҹơҹơ
Ĳ˼ͷЩ֦ˮ̲ϣһֱֵģһʮһطʮһ֦Ȼͣ
ʱĲ˼ʲôǲְͷŮʬͷٷֽʮһЩط
ҡҡͷɫԽİףӶƺ΢΢
СĲ˼̲סһȥ·ߵĳβȡ˰۵ܻڲŵһ֦
ڵĵطԽĽţĲ˼˺ߣľˮ̲ʵزӲʯͷֱȽ٣ȽϺڣûӾ˰һСӡ
Ĳ˼紭˼һһյôֲ˰ʲôûУҪڿ
ֹУȻһ˸ûȥĸоֲžһӸñʵζܶģ
ʲôĲ˼ͣĪڵŮʬͷ
ζʵѵ
Ĳ˼ס˺Ȼòٳڵ˸һ߼ȻǿЩ¶ĶȻһ˵ͷǴ·岿λ
ʬ壿Ĳ˼羪ȵ˵֣ͷ𾪵˼㣡
ˮƯֻһͷŮʬȱֻһͷڳĲݣΪûȫڳ򿪵ֻһСĿӣҪȫĻٻСһ롱塣
ȻǡͷĻǾͱʾһ˵ġʬ塱ʮطĲ˼һɲǼǡ𾪡ǡ˷ܡкüߵʬ壬ʣϲˡش󰸼ˣ


113 
Ĳ˼ڵˣ׼ڼ滻̧ͷɫ԰ףһ⣬һ»û
ͨ˿вµģȻѾûͨˡˣʵϣܳ˱ӡ顱⣬Ǹͨ˰ˣûѵûˣ˵ȻẦˣ
ȷǺ£ܿġǡˣܶûģ֡ɱʬ
ǱĲ˼ģˮ̲ʮһط˶ٸ
붼òطƫƫǿտ¼ŵڣƽʱûʲôģҲֻĲ˼
ֻоವģ紵ϣȵȻð亹ˣ
᲻ĵˮʬҰ
Ĳ˼Ъһ۵٣һƯŮڿʬ壬濴ʵ죡
ֻһСӣĲ˼Ҳ̫ǸڳСʬ岿ݣֻٿٴ
һʬڳ߰ʮ׵ĳȣ¶زͷµĲλţüڴ
ʱ˵ǰٷְٿ϶ʬ֮ǰˮ︡Ůʬ޹أһʬˣΪŮʬֻȱͷڡ
ոڵʬѾٳزλãŮʬǲݿûȱٵģ
˼СʱĲ˼ʬȫھΪʬѾ߶ȸãԻ÷ǳСģʬ塣
˵ζĲ˼ǿ٣˿˺üԶǸζʵţ
һһҵŮʬͷϣʬģͷϿóһطкԵġӡǱɵĺۼ
Ĳ˼ǾϲϲıӹȻһһŮʬǸͷŮʬͷأԭһ˵ıɱʱ֤ʵϵĿˣ
Ĳ˼Ťͷ˿֦µĵطĻʮʱûдĻʮһλʮһ˵ʬ壬һЩǡʬλã
Ҳ֪ʬˮƯͷŮʬûй
Żŵʮ֦Ĳ˼綼ס
룬Ĳ˼绹ֻԥһ²Ų˵绰
绰Ǵ󻪵ģҲǴоֶͷ˾ɽģĲ˼翼ǹջǴ˷־ֵľֳ󻪵ֱ˾
еģ󻪣˵ҪŪЩֶΡһֱżɼþӣףԼɲܡƿءģ
Сʱ󣬷־ֵ̾ӶжӵʮһԱȫԱΪĲ˼ڵ绰ġԡҲ˵ˣͷŮʬɷ־ֳרСģطϳֵġ´󰸡϶ɳ洦
жӵĶӳë壬ʮ꣬Ĳ˼о̾ӶпսŮҲʶģֻǰûʲô̫Ľ
ëĶԱھӣˮ̲شë嵱Ĳ˼磺СĲĲǹˣʲô֣
Ĳ˼˵ͷüͷ˵ëӣЩӣҲĸأҷЩɵ㣬öԱǰЩ֦
Ĳ˼һ˵һָָЩ֦ص㣺ʮ֦ĵصھҪСһЩ
ëͷһԱھľԱֳֳĳ¼ȻֵĲ˼ھĿǰϸӶٳŮʬ
ëҲһ࣬Ůʬĳ־ͳˣ֮ǰˮƯͷŮʬûйŮʬ˰ӵԣֶ˱ߣ
ë岻Ĳ˼õġϢɷ־־ֱֳģ˿Ĵ⡣
ټĲ˼ǸŮģȨУŮǱáһοǸƯŮӣþðɣ˵ֲľ֣ҪҲǸ󻪾ˣЩƲ
ԱǶǾʢ׳оԱ㲻ʲôʮӾС֡ˣëֵëӣһ£
ëһУһȥĲ˼ȻҲŹȥ
ʱֻһ˲߰ԶһʯϣëһʱȻǿģǶΪҲǸԱǸշľУʵϰĲ˼жģҲûע
һŮʬȻͷнţ֫Ҳãó̶ȱĲ˼ڳһ߸
ˣ
Ĳ˼̲סϢ
ëӣз֡
ëӣߡ
ëӡ
ʱھĶԱӶĶ
Ĳ˼綼̲סһ¡ʬ塱ǱԽԽġʬ塱𾪵ˣ


114 
ëɫ˲ͱĶԱλõʬ嶼˳ϸ۲һ
Ĳ˼ڳǾŮʬ⣬ʮڳžʬһͷǸͷοŮԣëĲ˼˼ͬʱ²ͷпܾˮƯͷŮʬͷ
໥һۣëʮʬǣɫʮأĲ˼˵ͷȻ˵СĲ绰ɣ
Ĳ˼һ£ͷ漴ͳֻͲ绰
ͷŮʬͷпܾǸոڳġͷȷǵĻӾ͸ءˣΪʮŮʬǱھﵽʮһˣ˵ͭˣʡҲסİҲû˸ҿҡء
Ĳ˼ȸ־־ֳ绰㱨ȻŸо쵼ɽ绰¿ɰѺɽҲһ
ɽĲ˼ǹɳǶĲ˼ġνʵǸĲ˼Ĳ۾ġӡĲ۾롱æŮ㵥λȥҵȥһѿչĵطڣ裬㵽Լͷɥ˵Ը˹ȥ˾ˡ
ɽĲ˼ǹɳҲС顱ģǸܡˣжţԲĲ˼ǹɳȥĲ˼ͷѪģ
ɽû뵽ǣĲ˼ȥǹɳûãȻְǳôӡʱ˲ÿĲ˼ˣһ£Ȼ˵־־ֳһֳ
ë嵱ʼֳøȥŪֳĺۼȴ쵼רҺͷҽϹ
Ĳ˼ʱ˵գּëæżֳ覹˼ֻɫ԰ף¹µԶʯϣԵ˵¼ŵζ
Ĳ˼̾һ߹ȥ߽ͣ˵ʲôʱȴû˵Ҳ̾˿Ǹˡְһ󹦣ǡ׵˻ûץ㻹ٰҳ
ŤͷëˣȻ˵Ҳ֪ﲻæҪôͣ
ʲôĲ˼Ȼʡ
ٺһ˵ûһõɽͣôǣô쵼㷢Щʬԭ򣿡
Ĳ˼һ˰β˵ģ֮ǰ˵ģ㲻칦ҾӦȥԸݹҾͰƵǰ̨Ϊͭǣ
ԥľҡͷܾˣãҸȣ˽°ǿԣҪƵǰ̨ȥͲУй¶һϢñ֪ˣ֮Լϣ
˵Ͳ˵˵ôݸʲôĲ˼ʱü㲻˵ñ˵ңʲôӦаңһôûУ϶ְһҪǾɣ
¶һ˿ЦݳǰЩռľʱɫְصô౻ıɱʬ屻ڳӲܵúܣܶģĵŻ£
֪ħһɱ˶ħôµ֣ʮһСʱ¿ɱҸϵİѲҺеŪϣɱһͱУѪ־̲סĲ
Ȼ϶Ҳǲģ
˵ʮһʬ壬ʮһ
ʮһʬ弸󲿷ݶڸý׶УʱĸڣѾ׹ǻʬ壬ҲڰһڵʱС
㻹ܲᵽĬһĲ˼
ԭԿĲ˼ҲûŻжջû뵽Ȼᡱôġʬ塱֮Ĵջ񣬼Ȼķ֣Ȼиһķ֣ץ֣ץֻ֣ҪܸõҲǺõģ
ҡҡ
üͷ˵£̲סͷŻ൨ˮ˳
Ĳ˼ſ롰һģסû˵뻹ǾòҪٴ̼ˣǰھУϽʿεʱ򣬿ʦʬʱϵͬѧˣµñڵλҪ
иһΣ
ˣȥ·Ǳߣ㵽Ϣһ£βпȪˮһº
ãͷӦʵǲٶˣֲǾ죬ҪܸһΣֻǸͨգ
·ͣëһ˿ģĲ˼ȥĿβ䣬ȡ֧Ȫˮһ֧Լһ֧šӣͷһڣȷʵڿʵ
µµһһ֧ˮ˸⣬ЩδĲ˼Ҫ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷûˣʣƿ˲䣡
촽ʵúܡ
Ĳ˼ҧŴһۣЦЦı飬Ȼһ죬˵ûˣһƿźһڣҪҪ
Ĺûкȹ־ͽӹһĴȣĲ˼ڳβĿȪˮһԪǮһֱ֧Сƿװˮ󣬺һƿȻýʣ֮ǰҪõöˡ
Ҳ֪ûˣҲûĲ˼Ҫ׼ѿƿ˵ʱ򣬵ͷһ鵽ƿĴڴеĴӡʹ˴
ʱƺᵽζԼĲ˼˵ƿںˮøĴӡϣʱоһ˿
Ĳ˼ǡšŮӾͷʵòȴǸԵľɫŮɣƿڶϵĴӡŶߴһƷ˿Ĳ˼磬ֻ֣
㿴ʲôĲ˼Ͻ˼£ʵմ𣿡
Ϊڿӵʱմ˼ûʲô
Ͻҡͷָָ±ߵķ˵оˣ
Ĳ˼Ťͷȥֻ··߰߿Ҳ׷Ǹ⣬ͷǺˣ
Ĳ˼ôˣ·
Ĳ˼Ȼ򣬸ϽȻ㲻뱻֪飬֮¾ܣȻֻҪʲô˵Ҳע㣬̫࣬ڱϿͺãʲô֣ᵽʲôĸ˵ҵ绰Ҿ֪ˣ
ãһӦʣɽһ˺Ȼ˶ӣû˻עÿˮ㡱ãûҲ
ֻһ뵽ʮʬһͷ;⡰¡ûţֻкü춼ǳԲ·ˣ
ɽһп˰ʮˣзҽרңǹ߷־ֵľֳͬ
֣֣ˡĲ˼Ͼӭȥ
ɽ֣Ĳ˼絽ǰ˶ǰ˺ŵ˵˵


115 
Ĳ˼ɽ֪ܿģ̵˵һ顣
ɽţȻ㡭˼磬ʵ̹ףô֪Щģ
Ĳ˼˴·ߵٿ˿ɽǶ۾ԥ
ɽٺЦ˼ҿ㲻ɱ֣רԱôܻ᲻ɵͷϣҪûһĽͣôܻ֪ˮ̲лʮʬ壿
ȻϵĲ˼Ȼ֮ǰԤϵû뵽ɽڵһʱ뵽⣬һȻŵԺɽ˵֣ҲĽǽ⣬Ҳʵʵ˵һҪܣܶκ͸¶ܣҲҴӦģ
ɽð㻹ҪвˣšãҾʹӦ㣬ҲȣΥ涨Υ͵£ֻû˵ҴӦˣҲӦ
ԲǣĲ˼絹Ǻܿ϶ľͻشˣ
Ĳ˼ʱֻɽܶһһʮ̹ˣǰεưҲһһ˵ˡ
ԭô£ɽǲ죬Ĳ˼Эļרң֪ģû뵽ȻôġЩ˼飡
ŵĻɵǲǾָˣ
Ĳ˼ˣɽǰٷְٵΣǶ˽ú٣Ҫ˵εĻǻ̸ϣ˵ĻϾǴһν̸֮оǾǸʵͿŵˡ
Ĳ˼ɽܼ˵֣ҿҵκη֤ףҪǸǰһҾͲҵõЩĹŶ
ʵɽҲһ룬ǴҪĲ˼ҵЩĹŶǾͱˣһǸ˷Żɽֵֻûʮϵץõпץ
˵Ĳ˼ɡҲпŶȣֻ̫ءˣɲɣ
ֳһ󣬺ɽֵĲ˼˵ãѡ㣬ðˣðﷸץֻаﷸץ˲֤ʵûйϵ
Ĳ˼üͷֱ˱죬˵ֻܾˣû֤ģֻܾ
ɽûоҲûоֻưҪȻ棬ԼŰɣ
ɽһ˵һ߰˰֣ˮ̲Ǳ߹ȥ
ĻȻǵģĲ˼ȻҲ׵ģҲ֪ôİӣ˵ˣǺɽҲͬٲɻľ޴ѹҪǲƣµ˭ù
ɽĲ˼ġʱҲûжһۣȥŵر棬Ǹޱȵġ
Ĳ˼ȺɽȥߵߣȻ˵û·ư
һӺ󣬶ŻĸоҲöˣĲ˼˵衱˺ߵҿɲ˵
Ĳ˼ƺ˵ǰҰɣ˵㿴һʮŮʬôңѵͲ־֮Է
ɺߺߵҽЩҴñӣҾǸСǸͨϰգҲӦóеΡ
ЩȻ˵ˣȴСǱߡ
Ĳ˼͵Цȴǲһ߸ߣһ˵ķǵģ
֪ҪưӣùȥʬֳܷܲǰڳʬʱҪʵڶģҿ־壬ѹû˼ȥ۲ķ棬ֻ뿪Ƕ
ڸоЩҪӵĻÿ˷ϰЩʬ塣
Ȼ˵Щʲô󡰵ôĲ˼ץ֣˻֮Уʵ̫µ飬ȻʶЩɱŮӣЩġˡ͡ѡĻʲô飿
Щ˵˼֪εıʹ飡
ܷܲʲôаҲû϶
ɽ˵зҽרңͭоɵľӢֳһЩ֤󣬷һҽϸϻоֽлȷϣһȻֳ顣
רҲæµҽŵĽֳ顣
ֳֻ϶ǵһֳˣ˵ǵһֳҲѾϴټϽɾǵھҪ˵ֳĺۼҲʲôõ֤ݣΨһǴʬңʬûʲôصĶۼ
ⷨҽϻȥҲһؼһ㣬ǾǸġͷȷ֤ͷˮƯͷŮʬͬһĻǾ֤ˡĴͬһΪ
ͬһĻȻȻǴӣǿԿ϶ʮһıɱʬˮͷŮʬͬһΪ


116 
ˮ̲ϣʮѰ;䣬ҽֳĿŮʬ
ɽ׼ʬڰֳĹŸ쵼㱨Ǹӣû˸ҳеΣ
ʮŮʬһͷۼһطڷţĿ֮Ҳ㼷һڼġרҡȺС
Ĳ˼Ҳ֪Ҫᡱģ᲻ζû취Ҳ˼ĿŵĽȥϾǸȦеĶǡȨֶʶģǸİˣһȥ϶ͻ˵ע⡣
ɽİһѣֳ˿ƺЩȣףҿ˿Ȼ֣Сһ£
Ͻ첽ߵǰɽ׵˸˵һ·
ӹףȻϣվ࣬ҲûעֻǸµСѡ
ɽλ𡱣и·ȻվԱ߿ҽ飬Ҳעͻɣ˭Ե޹ʵġɡͷ˾
Ĳ˼綼ףǺɽڰаǡ
վںɽԣŷҽרҲʱ㱨鼰Ľƣǰ˳ڷһġʬ塱ˣҲѵܶྯ춼ǽС
Ůʬϵ·ҲѾŸñʵʬ߶ȱʴҽ̫Ķͻ·
ʮʬϼûҵйصĶֻʬҵ֤˾ʬ͵ͷûκ
ҽǼ鲻ʲôý˺ȴһ˿˿ʬ屾ġвͬĵط
ȻһˡϢֲǰȥŮʬϵʲôпܾǡ֡ϵĳλġ
̫࣬ȷʵ㣬ҲżһȥԸĲ˼絥ͣʬȥһ顣
Ĳ˼ҪġϸڡͲˣֻ֪ǡֳζ̫ˣæһҲܲˣ
һ˿˿ʵǺܵܵΪˣĿ
ɽֳķҽרҡĿ족ĳ򶼲ˣҲûõʲôõ˰ַԸʬ˻оּƻ飬רҼֳ顣
־־ֳҲͷԺɽ֣ҹֳǵһֳ˵ЩʬͿ֤Ѿԡ¡ʱ䣬µǰ˽ʮı꣬紵ɹɹܣʲô֤ݶϴûˣ
ɽüͷ̾Ϣһ˵ôİӣ˭ûӹϽڣҲ˵ˣһȥҲ쵼㱨ʱưϵȡȫľӣȵѾŮԼûбʧٵŮӣҪһ©ȫ̫ΣգڲǶΣգΣǡӰ졯̫̫ӣ
ɫȻҲǺܺÿǷ־ξֳѾˣովЩʬӸó̶ƣԾûгһϵģд󲿷ݵĸó̶ȼԿ϶ڣڣƶûƵģ
ãϰţԺɽŵ˵֣Ȼط־ȥ֯ˣ
ɽ˵ͷҲ˵Ҳ֪ԣҼԿ϶ί쵼ͻ´ưҹƸǵʱ䲻ᳬʮ죡
ʮ죿ʱͷ۲ѣĿǰǺͷ˵ʮ죬һ죬ҲһƵ˰
ɽ˵ĻҲûӰ̫̫ί쵼϶ڶʱưҪȻͭᶯңҪǰͭһ̬ɱִڵ´ȥˣͭܲ
Ҵҵľ˸һط־֣ɽҲĲ˼˵СĲȥһо֣еҪһ£
Ĳ˼ͷĬľ͸źɽߣɽ·ȻҲǸߡ
ɽûнһߣĲ˼Ҳ׺ɽ϶лҪ˽
ˮϱߵĹ·ɽָָĲ˼Ŀĳ
ǰʻλãںɽֱǱ߹ȥž˽ȥȻֻˡ
Ĳ˼ѳųʱЦʺɽ֣ʲôֱ˵ɣ
ɽٺһЦŤͷ˵СҲ˼磬˵ˣұģȻҲԭϵ⣬˵һؾ͹ȥҲԾԷģҿԸ¸֤Բһ˻֪Ҳʽĸһݣ㲻к֮ǣ


117 Ʊ
Ц̯̯֣еεı顣
ĬϺĬЩ飬Ҳȫġ̲˵ɽ֪ĸĲ˼һҲΪԼֻصġͻܽ͵ùȥͲ˵ˣ
ʵĲ˼ɣȻʶãҲǸԸ񣬵Ȼǿεˣţ򶫣ϣƾоεˣ
ɽȻĲ˼磺ѾͷȻһȥҪȥί쵼ķйھ͸˵ɣҪʲôҾǣ
Ĳ˼ͷֻܿ뷨ܴ뷨֪Ҫʲô
֪ɽǲ١ˣҲֱ˵ˣֳ֣Щ춼˺һҪȥֳ
ɽһ㶣ղǶܿ
ЦЦ˵Ҿǲ֪ˣ뱻ע⣡
УɽˬĴӦˣ˵˼磬Ҳ˵Ͱѵѹͷϣҿڵ˵Сĵأ˸ҵĻ㱨͹ûһʵõģһͷˮˣǾͷŮʬӷֺڣרС鶼û鵽õСһҵˣʮʬ壬Ȼ˵Զûưĳ̶ȣ˵ܰͷŮʬͷҵŮӵʬ壬Ҳһ󲽵Ľ
ҡͷֻ֣˵һᾡȫ֤˻ʲôĽ֣ܲץ֣ûǸ֤
ɽ̾һĬβŵСûǸ֤Ҿû·ˣǸҪƵİӣһҪڶʱưͭǵϰգͭǵ쵼ϼû취ԣӣйƲ˵ĻҾ˵ɣƵ˰һңƲ˰Ҿ͵ôӾֳλϹˣôİӣܵи˱𣡡
Ĳ˼ҲЩĵ˵֡
ɽһЦ˵СѾͷ㻹ܵ˵ʵһϲѾͷģӦǸϰ֣ҸͬѧĲ۾
Ĳ˼в֪ϰֵ£ĲҾ˼ŮûСҪŵӣֻܣȷʵ׵Ĺ˾治밴µ·ȥߣ
ɽǺɽһ֮Ȼеģת˲֮Ͱѡ𡱵Ĺ׵˾⣬ȥԼĵʧ
Ĳ˼ܵӰ죬ѳͣ
ɽŤͷ˵СҵǸ㲻ϵͳˣҹܲ㣬һҪ۸ñӣΪͭǰյİ㾡
һ£Цŵ˵ͷֻ֣˵ҪпܣһԼȥҾԼ첻
ɽ˵ͷҲû˵ʲôΪôʩѹûãܰϵĿ϶ᾡǲɵġ
һ󣬺ɽֶĲ˼˵ͻо֣ҴһҪȥί㱨ֳ鹤СʱڽʱԱһǾ飡
ãĲ˼Ҳ̾һѳ·
һ·ɽôжôί쵼㱨Ĳ˼ôѹأֻòͬʵֳġɵ㡱ֻû취Ĳ˼ͺɽ˵ף
ЩʬϿЩ΢ġע⵽ˮ̲ϱߵһݴƺЩͬġȻ΢ȷʵһģһģֻǸݴԵλøʬˮ̲жʮףֳܱľ췢֡
ҲȷǸݴﵽײʲôܣ԰ûаһжֻٻȥǶ鿴ȷ
ֻжñֳܿЩ죬͸ѽˣ뿴Щʬ£רǾͻţô֡ģ˵Ļô֪
Ǽ»ûȥֳ㡰֤ݡǲ鷳ͷϣ
о˶ʮӣĲ˼ĺɽ³˴źŵͷ뿪
ɽͷ˼оִߣ׼ȳ⡱ʱ򣬺Ȼ˾ȻǺɽʱ˿ڣʺ򡱵Ļû˵
ֳ֣ôᡰ·
ûɽһ·
Ĳ˼翴˿ʱ䣬Ȼ˵ֳ˳мСʱȥԵ㶫ȵʱɣ
˳ھ˵ȥҵɣȻɣϼҪͷҳԵùߣĺóԡ
Ĳ˼һۣһ߿һЦЦĵӴͳԵùˣǸСһ㲻һأ
һ죬˺߱ϹʲôϰԱװ׵ģʲô鲻飿
Ĳ˼硰ٺ١һЦǸһ֪йŽƱ棡


118 ݳ˷
ȷʵЩ飬ĪĶĲ˼ЩǣҡֵĲ˼ԼĪеġ顱˵Ĳ˼֪
Ȼ˵ڶĲ˼ĸоѾ࣬Ҫ˵ȫ׿Щѣǳһӻǵһ飡
Ĳ˼ҲȡЦһ£˼ȫˡӡϣһüͷ
ˣǻȥ԰ɣҲ֪ʲôʱһ£԰׼ȥҪɣϼͳԵ·ˣʡĲ˼翴ֻ˵˵ǣ
ŶĲ˼ӦһųֻŰӵ£Ҳûġ˼
һͣ˳Ȼ󵽲Ҫһᡣ
Ĳ˼ûаֶĿѷԱݸĲ˵õ־;ĺõĵ㣬ǰ֪ûǮ֪Ǯ׬ǮҲòʡˣʱ۵úܣûһٺõĳԣ
ȻҲǮô㣬Ĳ˼˲˺üͷȴûչȻ壬һС豭ŵӷ㶡
Ҳ֪߰ķЩʲô磬۾ŵӻ棬ȴûһ㡰
ӵԣĲ˼Ȼ׵ģ˵ɽᵣʲôεĻǿʮʬ壬Ҳܣܲư
ͭǻȽϸߵĺʲǰĲ˼ĶǡСףճԵȴټ٣ЩʲôģһҲֻʮʮǮֻûе¡
˳һٺʣ˵ûǧϣȻ󻹿ʲôƣʮݵĲؾƣǼǮ͸ˣ
Ĳ˼ûкȾƵϰߣҲʱˣڡơһкǿԡ
ֻҪһ֧ƿĳֻ֭пĲ˼ССڵĺȳ֭ʱŸоϵġŮˡζ
Ĳ½½ˣ˿Ӿͼһ⣬ͽ˼£һ㵽ζȫ
ȷʵζ
úóԣһ£ȻĲ˼㡣
Ĳ˼΢΢һЦûаѻ˵ǡʯߡӦġࡱˣֺò˻óԣû취ȥˣ
ʯ߿ĽңĲ˼ʱҲû˵ҪС˳ô㣬ܳԵꣿ˵˲ˣζԲô࣡
һŴӵӰˣȻǮôһӵĲˣҲɵˣ̧Ĳ˼磺ôˣܳԵꣿ
Ĳ˼Ҳ̲סЦЦڰ˵ԲˣҿȫȥЩͬ»ܲԣ
ֻÿЦҡҡͷҲȥۣԹԵʹԣԼǮܳԵ¾ʹԣȻ͡ø
ò˵Ĳ˼ԡԡⷽ滹ǺܶĲȷʵÿóԣĲɣϼĲȣһַζĲɫζȫɣϼĲֻǱʽĲŹ㣬ɣϼСұ񣬸иĺá
һٷ꣬ŵУٿϵĲˣֻ֮һĲ˼粻ĶԷԱ˵鷳Ұʣµȫ
ǷԱЩȻôĲ˴ͨǳòƯŮ˻ʡپǹ˼ҵ˻ƯŮ˴ûҪģƯŮ˵УȫǻǮˮĽɫ
֮ǰĲ˼˵ʱʹСλĲ˼ҲشˡʱȴŹĵʮʱôܳԵôࣿ
ԱҲûֹѣԵԽǷԱɾԽ࣬˼ҳԲԵ꣬ԲĲˣԱʱҲڳϯʱ㵽͵͵ĳԡ
ȻǡϽԱ͵ԣʵϰҲֻֻ۱ֻۣԲĲ˻϶ǵԱĹͶܳԵõЩˣҲǱĸԱһ֡
ǰŮȷʵƯԾôƯ˶ȴҪ
ԵõҲûˣһ͵ܷѾǧĿҲ٣㲻ˡ
ðһӣĲ˼ǰ̨ˢǧİʮԪ˵
İŵ˳βĲ˼ѳԿ׵ݸ㿪е
ڨڨûмա
ϴĲ˼硰ѵ˺󣬳ܹˣ;죬ֲˣҪ
Ĳ˼˰ֺЩĲɵ˵ûûɣҲῪˣʱȥˮֳãʹ·Ҳ㣬㣬ⲻ𣡡
ٺһЦƴǣԿ׾ϳһʼĳĲ˼棬ľȻ˳֡
˵ϴαΪбġ״ǴǳŴ򲻿Ĳ˼ڳｻλãȻͳˣζ


119 һ·
ϾֻĲ˼棬ţµİµQ5һֱͣڵſڣҲһֱûпȻʹãûмգҲ㿪
Ĳ˼һӾʹˣʲôⶼĲ˼汳
泵ӿú˳˵ͭǵ·ζİȥˮ·ȥһΣȥǱߵĳ٣һ·Ҳû賵
ɽ¾ǹط־ֳë˻سë忴Ĳ˼ʱϵóƣּĲ˼ԱߣųӣȻᡰɡûмգҲ϶ȥǰһǴк
ҲһȻӦˮֳľԱȫسˣһܶľԱߺХ
һʻĲ˼ЦŶԵúܡȡ޵ú֣ҿüûˣ
˵Ǻ˵ţ˵Ŷվ㸺ˣ
Ĳ˼Ͼһɫ˵˼ҿɲḺҪ֤Լȥ
ҲһĻӦǺãӾԼȥɣҪưԼȥ飡
Ĳ˼类ҭһ£ߺ߼ŵ㲻ѧһǱˣһҰ죬ҿȸ˵ˣչҰ죬Ҫƣҳ˵ǰͷˣԼɽˣ
һ㵣ʱŵˣϵˣ˵鰸ӣҰǶɵ¶ôܸ鰸ȣҲáҲðҰһЩ鰸һѵ²ܽɣ
Ĳ˼硰Ц˰ɣԼҪǸ˵Ļ͸и˵˵㻰һԾŶǲӦеģ
ü˵ʵ̫ƻˣ˵ǸֲǲףҪĻôֻôص
Ĳ˼ƲƲ죬˵һôôСۣǼƽһĵʧԶԼδͣ
Цǻ࣬õܻǲװһҪģһԣһԣ
Ĳ˼Цĵ԰ɳ԰ɣͣǮ
һ㶣ףôˣˣող˵˾͸и˵˵Ҫ㻰һŶһת۾ͱˣ
Ĳ˼ЦŻش𣺡ǸŮˣΪʲôҪ˵˵㻰һԲŶǱŮ˵ר
Ȼѳͣˣ޿κεıȻһƣ˵ˣ
Ĳ˼ȻһЦɵĿ˳˳˵ǵ˰ɣԺǧŮˣŮµĶֻܷӣĲΥ𣿡
Ůϻ⻰ǲ٣
Ĳ˼Цˮ̲Ǳߣ˺üֻͷ˿һġš飬̲ס˵װˣɣ밸ӵ»ãһҾﷳ꣬ץҾͰˣ
ҾϱǷծҪôͷʼͱô۸̾Թֹ˼Ĳ˼˭ԺҪȢ͡͡
Ĳ˼֪Ҫ˵ȱ»һۣҧ
Ĳ˼һɡĻ˻ȥڰ˵˭ҪȢˣ
Ʊ棡Ĳ˼ĳôꡱһЦֺֺЦ˵Ǳﲻһߺߣ˾˰ɣҲ㣡
һûɵľһȻԹĲ˼磬ʱѾˮ̲أϾ˸۹Ѿ䵽Щӡ档
ʣĲ˼˵Щûϵģ˵ǿп޵ġѹû棬Ҳȥᡱ
ᡱȻΪĲ˼磬ֻǺȻܡĲ˼ɣԼͲǡһ·ˣԼ׬˵ƣǸȻʮǧĲ˼¶
Ҳĸɣϼһ·ˣ
ĶĲ˼һˮ̲ЩʬڳĿӣŤͷûпʲôֵûɵĵط˵Сɡĵطǿ
ҲĲ˼绳ԼġǰھУʱһĸ߲Զ㣬Ժ·ֵʵϰʱҲȻǡ㡱ǰͲԼǡ
ڸһʱȴԼġŵ㡱ˣԼжǰȻ޴棬뵽ģģԼƫƫûû뵽
վΪгġɣĲ˼绹ΪҪǲ˼ưⷽζǿ


120 µķ
Ϊ˲Ĳ˼Ҳ̫ġġԾװģˮ̲ЩھʬĿӱᡱı飬Ȼ֮ǰͬĵط£
Ĳ˼͸ϸĶ飬ıͶϿЩʲô·˵ʵʲô˼ȴûп㣬ǿƺᡱʲôھʬЩ֮С
Ĳ˼粻ǳԾǵģѾˣбʬ壬бߣǿǡѡ
ˮ̲Ŀĵؿûֱߣǹ˼䣬Ĳ˼Ҳ²͸
Ĳ˼ҲǺ֣ΪһߡᡱһȥĵطѾ뿪ˮ̲أ뵽ˮܻ͵ĵضΣʵ֣ˮ̲غɽϵЩطľ£ʯҪ˵ʬĻͲˮ̲ǱߣڶڲȥȻҪѵö࣡
ʵõİ취ǡʯӽˮʡֲױ˷֡
¶ǾԵģձֵԭΪʯ鶪ˮʬѰƯ
Ӿݺɳڣϵʯ䣬ˮ̲ʬȻ˵ֵĿҪˮĿԴö࣬ϣǡǡǿܻᱻֵĵطû֣׷ֵȴƯˣ
һа˸ߵéݴͣéݳֶܣܲصסˣһ˿ʬЩͬġϢǴéݴðģ
éݴжĲ˼ïܵéݿ̲סţЩţéݴǲҲһʬ棿
˿ܣĲ˼˳ִӲ߼һһ׶೤Ŀ֦֣Ȼ֦éݴȥ
Ĳ˼ܽţֺСģӲݴֿʬɱŵȻٿʬ壬ٻ׼
ã֦Уݴûʲô˲ݾͻǲݣûʬ壬ҲûʲôĶ
Ĳ˼һݴ׵ĿȣïܣЪһɿ̽̽Աߡ
֦ңȻ˵˾仰ȻĲ˼ù֦ȻѾ̽λԱ߰״˲
ġǴðģ֦һݾͿһѡڵĶ
ǡʲô
Ĳ˼Ҳ鵽쳣̽ͷȥҲûǵʲô
֦˲ģоǡʬ塱ǡ֦ⲦҲû̫ͰǶ
һѾˡϡɫ·࣡
Ĳ˼ҲˣǾһȾѪ˵·ʱ̫ãѪѱɣϵɫ
Ѫ·˳ԱߣҲûϾȥ۲조ֵ֦ݴŪ
жĲ˼һһҲĶȥݴ
˵ͷ֦Ū£Ȼһ顰ϡĶ
·ҲѪȾȫȾֻһСݣɫҲáϡ
ݴûбĶˣҲû֦ȥŪΪٿ֪֡ûĶˡ
ûˣĲ˼绹Щᡱһ£ù֦Լȥݲ鿴
ȻٷֻСʬ塱֣ȴֲݴûСʬ塱֮Ķéݲ˸飬ȴҲûéﻹʲô
ȷéûжĲ˼֣תᵽľûˣ
ûˣֻᵽ붼ûľҡͷش
ҵпǡ֤ݡĶͲˣҪϵͳڵˣֻ¾ͷֲˣ
Ĳ˼绹֪ҪԣҲ֪ȷⶫ͸йġǺΣȻᡱֵģֻѲ˸ϵ
һ˼Ĳ˼һֶùƷϸ۲졣
һһʽпˣ࣬ҲȽϾɣȻմѪúˣȻóһܾɵļпˣ
һͲǷװˣһķεġ֯ϣڸɳһĲϷڵ档
ɳõĶɣ˿ͶĲ˼˵һ䣬ĸо
Ĳ˼ȻǿóģŵӦǵİɣȷǲйǵðƷоȥרҼ黯飬Ѫˮ̲ڳʬѪûģ
ȻҲûٽʲôĲ˼ǰٷְñӡᡱģ
éΧ̴Ժܶ࣬Ŀרʹ˾Ҳȥݴԣ
Ĳ˼һ£Ȼ֯Ʒ֦̹׼оȥƻ顣


121 ͻ
سǵ·;Ĳ˼ԼˣϾŵĿÿ죬ȻƽȣٶȾˡ
Ĳ˼ֱо֣оִſڣһĳӣʶûһʹ˵綯š
Ĳ˼ȻˣҲǸ൱Сˣе˶ʶ˵ˡ
Ĳ˼ѳͣоͣƺȻ칫¥˵ݵɽ칫ǲ¥ɽ칫ң칫ҵԱȥί˻û
ʵĲ˼Ҳףִӣ־ίĳѵһͨ󣬻ñưɽеܵģֻµϲŻص
ȥ칫ŵȰɣĲ˼ЦŶ԰Ա˵ͷȻ˵š
ϲŻʲô
ҲǵȺ֡Ĳ˼ҡҡͷߵвŶ˵ڵȻֻҪûʲôõϢհⶼҪϵˣ
߹䷿ľ룬Ĳ˼˳ƿҲһţƼϹšҡӣȥҲʮƽȽϿмһųεĻһһʮźΡ
ǸɲСңĲ˼ƺϤֱԱߵһӴӾʹȡ֧Ȫˮһ֧ݸһ֧Լš˺ȡ
˿Ȫˮһľλ˺಼棬ź
Ĳ˼ϣǽһƺ˼ʲô
Цšοɽǰ·㵣ʲô
Ĳ˼üͷ̾ŵ˵ɣôܲģָѹר鼸ûнչָֻ㣬ܸܲҸ֤
Ц̯̯˵ôܸ֤˵ˣֻܾΪ
Ĳ˼Խ֪ᾡΪϾûб֤ڣȻҵµĶҲ̫֤֤ʲô
һĲ˼ָƵһʶķҽ绰ѯʼһͨ绰˵ͷ˵ƵͬһЩˣͷŮʬͺڳͷDNAȶԺѾ֤ʵͬһˣڳŮʬͷŮʬһʮһڲ֤׼ȷݵֻˣĿǰһǴéݴõ֯ϵѪ͸ŮʬָвѪ󿴿ǲͬһˣͬһ˵ģǾ֤ЩӾͬһġ
Ҳ°ӳ˼һȻ̧ͷĲ˼磺éݴҵһ·һʲô
ʲôӰɡĲ˼ƫͷŻشְֻó֮ǰ˼ͼƬڵϸۿ顣
Ƕƾĳ֡桱״ǡķΡһɳڸǲ涼ǳεģҲûʲôõģ
Ĳ˼ҿüͷ˼ʲôõ濴ֶ˵ʲôõģ˳ʬͲѪȻǡ˳֡ҹҪô·ҪôĳƷҶʲôҲʲôƷɣ
ҲֻͼƬĲ˼µͼƬֻӡģǼѪ˵ľɼпˡ
żп˳ΣȻ˵Ҿá㿴п˾ûմѪۣҲǺܾɺܲļпˣҾáֵľá
˵öԣĲ˼ҲȻͷشţվ˵ߣҲˣȥ˲һ顭
ҲͷʾãźܲڣΪǾĴӪͺϲһȥĲ˼ɣһʼҲڵúܣϵáҲֻǽѡ
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ҲòԵģЩ棬ŴСӺǰĲгڴǸϼһӵȺ
ֵĵطƲг֮һ
Ĳ˼ȴûнггڵԱ߹ȥǱߵ·ͣ綯ֳֳһ߳죬һߵȿ͡
Ĳ˼ֱ⼸ֳͣŵķ߹ȥﻹЩˣǳ鰸أҪ㡰ɰ족
ֳĻǱȽģͭǺֳܳ׬ǮǰСʱǵֳǿȵģԭϾǡгһе綯ȫΪ綯ˡ
Ĳ˼߹ȥʱǼֳ򶼸Ͻͣ죬ЦҪ


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123 Ԥı
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Ĳ˼ͷӦã֣Ҹһôɣ
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Ӻɽ칫ҳĸĲ˼˵ܲӰȫеֳ򶼾۵һǵһ衯ĳɣܼ˵Ļó
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Ĳ˼Ȼûʲôȴϵֽ֪֣СԶְְѾˣ֮ǰҲڳְڳʮϵʱˣ


124 ʱ
Ĳ˼磬ãĲ˼󷽷֣Զա
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126 һĪչ
лǿͨóĹԱ˶ĽڰĸǰǰķʱгȻڰ칫¥һ¥ķץĸû⣬ֱɹץˡ
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ȷ֣Ļɽʱ̲סϲȻôˣ֣Ѷ׼ȷʼﵽٷ֮٣˵֣˵Ǳӵɱ֣Ǿ;ˣ
ȻһûѶҲץˣҲǿ̷ӣĸ֣Ҳ˵ġйЧ˵Ͼǲһ٣ٶɣ
ɽڴڱߵסϲ飬Ȼ˵飬Ѷµץ˾Ѷ첻и
ģ֪µ״֣ش𣬡⣬֣һָо˲޹ߣشõˮ©һ㶼ţƾҵľܷ޹ͨˣھָǿȫλƺ󣬾޹ߣҲ򶨣СʱѶһ㶼ҡ˵ǸкǿءˣҾܴ󣡡
ɽţ֣Խ˵Խ̤ʵΪҲ˵ġף
רǱûκνչֻܰϣߣ
ֻһʼĸӷֱ֮ڣûµķ֡
Ĳ˼ݵŨ裬һ߶ŴĹ㳡СʱУҲûпС˳֣֮ǰбȽϡУǡôˣҲµĶұȽϷḻľˣƾһۿġжǲմѪȵˣ
ɽ˸绰Ժת٣üġȴû٣ҲЩżûзҲû취£
ľ죬ɽĲ˼綼Ǵı£ûдΪ˲Ƕ־衣
Ĳ˼ںɽǰҲװҪĻʵҲǸɡ󱸲ҲǳԺȷĲ䡣


127 ļ
˰ԶְʳΪЩ˼ΪҲĿŵĸԴȣֲ̫ӣԴӲһһصľ¿͡
ɽʱȻû˼˵ԶŵĺûҳЩĲ˼Ҳûθڣٳ˵㣬ѷ˶˸ɾˣ˵ȻҲæѰˣײеˣûôѹǺ£һƲˣҲõʲôΣɽбϵ
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ĸ˱ֱһʱˣȴҲûջ
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ȥһȦһԺɽ˵һűߡ
Ĳ˼統Ҹһȥ
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ʵǸо˿ôҲǱȲϯ˼ʶȣ칫ô˿Ҳȵöࡣ
Զİ칫һƤΣɽҲǰ˯ѣҲЩסˣֻ̫ţ
ϴûҪһӾ˯ˣʵ̫ˣﶼȥʲô
Ĳ˼һƿĿȪˮڴ߽ţڳӺǼˣֱŶӿ쵽ǰߵʱȥ
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ʱ䣬ѾǽӽŵˣҲɣߵ¿ŵֳƹаúָȵֱȻûС
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Ĳ˼ȻżǰοҲüŵһǻʱ䣡
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Ĳ˼Щ˯⣬˵ûп˵Ļ˯Сʱŵǰߣµֳٽ㣡
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ߵӵʱԶ۴͵һҲһϡ
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128 ͻƵ
ҡҡͷЩΡ
ɽһĬȻԤʱ䣬һ죬ּȴʱԽꡱ
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ںɽİ£ǰľŸ˱ķֵ˱ĶУɫп˵ǰͰ˵Ǽǡ


129 ץ
ͨǼסõϢ֪ɫп˵ֽ񡱣˵֣ʵϲˣ
Ĳ˼磬ɽлǿһɫγ
һ߳µĵ綯ֳǼǻ֤ʱлǿҲмˣûʲô쳣ҲûʲôѪ֮ģȫµģ»ûõġ
綯ֳлǿ൱ľ룬ûиرϾֳĳٲ죬ڳУٲҲġ
񼸺һ㶼ûолǿһ߿һ˵֣˲񷸹µģ㿴ѹûоԣǷɱ˵ˣ൱ǿģɹġ
ҲڶſЩϸûֻǾ˵¶ġֲǰûһʱҲܿ϶ʲôҲǲɲ
ڶΣɽžлǿǾ鼫ḻ̾Ĳ˼Ҳ˶ǰ߿ֵ綯ʵǶ˺ܡͨ
ŵ綯ֳҲ·ǰУһս֧֧뱱ǽһԭֱߵĽϾɣٹȥǴӣ͵ĳд塣
ڳµͨײסĵطֳдΪˣֵطͨҲӣҲ˶ȵ۵Ĵš
סＸһɫ¥ҵƽխСֻɵֳĦгͨ
ɽֳкϾͽлǿѳͣˣϵ³ȥ
ģܶˣֳҲ죬·ٶȲ࣬ɽں߷ɢٵҲٶȫϡ
ڴת˼䣬ڿصļɵϷӴͣ³ѳͣڰԺǽߣȻƿľŽȥ
ԺǽߣԼֻһ߰ңлǿżܿ档
Уֻкɽһ˵߰һЩԼֻһ壬Ĳ˼߼ӽһߣԺǽŽżҲܿ档
ԺһʮƽСԺ䣬𱨷ϵֳ
ԺǽЩȻԺǽ϶鲣ԷֹС͵淭ȥ
ԺŰţԺŴ￴ȥҲûݣԺһžԲߵľϣȻһţݵˣ
ȥǸѵۣһͷɵ긾Ů˸Сһ߸˵Ĳ裬һֹš
Ҳ죬豭̵ĺ˼ڣȻݵʣ϶أ˯
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ΰԺžĿɿڴΪɽ˶Ǵı£ӻΪˡٷˡ
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Ҳҿ϶ܵǲ׵ģֺܵУոһѹ죬¿϶Уǲȥɱֲˡ£
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̧ԺȻ˽ԺУԺŹϣȴѺ˵֧Ԯ
ʱ򣬺ɽŵʰʵ󣺡֪Ϊʲôץ𣿡


130 ķ
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ԥľͻشˣɱˣɱʮһˣ
˵ɽͳ׷ģһʯͷ˵أ
ûһ˿һҪͽƱģһ֡ѡӣ
ʵڱץʱѾףôץ϶ǲ鵽֤ݣû֤ûץʲô
˵Ҳúܣɱôˣֻ鵽ɱһ˵֤Ҳвɱе˲޶ɱʮһɱһҲȻ¾ûʲô˵ģԴ󷽷ĳˣ
ɽлǿ˵ͷʾ⣬˵ǿע⾯ȴ֧Ԯˮɱ˰ף
лǿһȻǶ֪ϵ˶ˮǸɱգζ벻ô׾ץף
ֱЩ˼飬Ϊûһ˿һףǰһ̶ãͷһץһ˾Ȼ˵ǡסôǲԾ
ܲǰ참ʱġۡ࣬Ϊ̫˳ˣ
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ץߺĲ˼ľϣһ̺λýϽ˵Ҫ³
ľ컹ΪҲǵͬУΪʲô飬ͣ˳³Ĳ˼빤ɡˣҲϢϢииˣʱҲһϵڡӡϣҲû³ȥˣ뵽оȥѯչ
ص꿪ţʱ֣̫ңص￪˿յžͲ붯
ץȻ˳ȴҲоƣۣɳֻ˯࣬۾濪û˿ţпǲ㣬ͳֻɣϼһţϽ
ɣϼ⼸Ҫչ裬˳⼸ã˵Ҳûк֮ˣ泩̬Խݹ
ţԺ˯ˣֱŵһζ̲סŲǰɣϼ輸ϰڲ;ߺͷˡ
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ո˵ֲϱĻɣϼ鲻ԽĻң⻰ȷʵò
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ʵ۲̫༱
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˰ǿķǵĶϲϲɣϲ˵˵Ļȫǡȱ»Ȼȴֵıȥ
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ŶҾͷˣ˵ͷҲεľ˵˳ıȻȴɣϼŪͨ죡
ʵɣϼˣΪǵбȥȴǵȥҷˮܣûѻ˵ɣϼȻҲף
Ŷȣһ˵°Ҹһؼңţˣܵϻزȥ
㡭ɣϼǸô¶ǡĻ߲֣
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ɣϼԥԾȷʵߣɣ˵̱Ӳ˵ۻô˵ôջ󡱣
˵°ʱһȥóԵģϺȵƣ˾Ʋź£


131 ̯г
ɣϼΣڡջ
ӡУǻ֡ˣ̱Ҳܻ˵ȴƫƫᡰĺŮˣԸղ˵ЩվһǷĸо
ҲûټղŵĻǰ˱ʼǱ°Żһʱ䣬ܵҵ´ʱ䡣
ɣϼ죬ʱ̲ס͵͵ȴŶĵԣƺûһ㡣
ɣϼƺЩʧ֡ԷʱžøˣĲ淢㶡
䲻Ťͷɣϼ˵
ɣϼȻôһһʱ顱Ӵһתȥ
һʵǡߡúܣ
ЩĪźǡǱɣϼѾͷĪǵ񾭲ˣһԸ͵͵Цһ࣬㿴һ͵˶һĶӣ治֪ڸʲô
һԣǾðٰģʱֻ磬˸Ȼƿɣϼ˵ҳȥתת㿴ɣ
ɣϼҧҧֲпô죿
ֻ˵ɵãֻ֪֪
ɣϼֺֺЦЩ޿κΣһ²˵Ǻãȥأ
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䵱ǽͭǹԶγɵһг֮ǰǰһгһרŵг˵ϰǾͰѵصᵽԱŵѵιˡ
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133 Ʊ
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134 Ʋ
ϲɣǮƵԸĺѵãҲټˣڼܵסǮջڽǮǰκζһ
ɣϼ÷ḻһٷҲرģؼҾ˵ӲãɣԷʱȻԺĵûҲͽͰѲ˶˵Ժ
ڳﹺʱصһƿƣ̫ȾƣɣϼǸŮӾ͸ٺȣɣ껹ѧҲûȹƣСʱڹʱȹġǶһ֡ϡȲˡ
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ɣ۵ܵܣ˺һȸܵܣ꣬ˣ
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135 
ɣϼ˿ֿ˿ɣּ꣬ڲܲ¶ۼĲõܼܵݣԼһ
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ꡭ㡭ɣϼ͵͵Ľһ
ƫƫʱСһ죬ûƬִ̣һѽúѽҲǣúõļﲻܵߡ
Ҳ̫󣬼Ůӵһ仰ֻһʱ۾˱죬˳Ҳ˲٣οһϣԵмּžȻС
Ĳ˼һɵһ
Ĳ˼ͬ꣬ҪǺĲ˼һδܹһ˲ǽֵ˵Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ãȴЩǰһֱĲ˼ǸʱȻûȥϸϸĽĲ˼òϸϸĴΨһģĬĬؼסĲ˼
һɬĳ
Ĳ˼ĻӦԼģңܵңӦʲô°ɣ˰Σڻվ߳ԺӣȥӭĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼ĳϨ˻ְѴƹصˣīڣĲ˼һţһǰ
㡭ôˣĲ˼̲סʵ
˭㰡ǵģôˣҺҡ
͸һ΢⣬Ĳ˼ҲֻģģĿһӰվǰ棬ﻹһһȴһʱ֮䣬ǸˣԹȡ
£ǰȥĲ˼վվԭأЩֳ
ʱɣϼɣҲվ
˭ҽʲôһ⣬ɣǿĪĳӭӵģһƯŮӣûɵıĲ˼һ˿⣬ȻϡǵüŮӣΪάԼĽ㣬һӾԣɣȻͺ˳
ɣϼ˹˹˵ԭ㣬£
ǰǰҪ£졭ߡ
Ĳ˼ȲȥСƨɣ꣬ҲɣϼһȻһѾס·һ߰Ǳһ߼˵
ӣʮ𼱡
ô£Ȼûôֻǵʵ
վһԵɣ̲꣬סȵ㵽˭ҽʲô
һ֣Ĳ˼Ǿ㵣һֻ־һָָָָָֻܷܷɣϼָָɣۣ꣬죬ΣŽͰ͵ʵ㡭򡭡ġ
šÿɷġšһ
ɣſڡ򡱣տڡ򡱵ĽôãҲ÷˵ԼȷĲ˼ƫƫĲ˼ȴǸ
ȻɣһֱڽԼ򡱵ԼɣϼʲôʲôοԼҲûôͰԼĻ¶
һ˿˿ͷȻ࣬ǡκһ˶׾ٵõġ
ԼĳԼ롰ˡԱߣȻֻܲÿɷġšһϣͼ֮
꣬Ϲ˵ɣϼﲻɣ˵ȴЩο
ɣ˽С򡱣ȴӲϣⱾɣϼͷ¹ڣĲ˼棬֣µıɣġ򡱣Ĳ˼棬ûϣͬŮӵĲ˼ǰϣ͵ڳϣңɣϼΪԼĹϵǵһΣʽĶ⹫ȻҲ;ʮ㣬ͷ˿˿ģǽߣǸˡ
ֻĲ˼عȴͻȻ񡱵ЦңһЦЦֱ
ĪĿЦֱĲ˼Ҳ˵һ仰
ЦʲôʲôЦģɣ꼸ЩĿĲ˼ʵ
꣬˼ǿͣһЩɣϼϽٴֹ
ðΣĲ˼ֹסЦֱʵˣȢϱǡ顭񡭡ûôС͵˼Ϲˡ񡭡
˵˵ţĲ˼Ц
㡭졭ɣһŭһ漴ֻȭͷĲ˼˵Щɾڮ١Լ𾴵ĽҪ˵ȥɣǸɼܲɡ
ʵɣƽԲһϲܵĻӣֻһʮкӣñ˵Լϲ𾴵˵Ļһ䣬Ҳȥοոɣֺ˲ٵľƣкЩﻰҪģƫƫ˸ģҲͰˣ˵һЩĻֱǿ벻̣
ɣ۵һŭĲ˼һĿɣ꣬˺һŵ˵㡭Ҫʲô
꣬ҪʲôɣϼҲһֱܶµܵһ
죬û˵ɣŶĲ˼˵ҡҽҽ㶼ӭ㣬ߡ
Ĳ˼һ죬һ䣺ʲôߣģҿûҪȥطڹ¡˵ģߺߡ
˶٣Ĳ˼˵ߣߡ
˵ţĲ˼Ӳקһקһ˵ߣ¶ĺҪ˾ˣ찡
ҡҡͷ˵㻹û˵ҵʲôأοҲҪ
Ĳ˼̲ס㲻𣿺ãһˣҸһ򡭡ҸǮô
ô
ǮãһǮһ˿˿ͷѸٵıõֻǣȻõȴҲ޷ȫʧ
ʲô˼Ĳ˼˰ΣͻȻϴԼæһᡰǮ֣ҲϣǷĲԼ˸æ
عĲ˼˵ԶԶԣǮῴɣҡҡҰæ
Ĳ˼ڵݣԼѧУĵλ󣬸һŵٴ˾ǮֵõĲ˼ˡ
ʱĲ˼ȴԭǸˣԣĲ˼һΣҲһſˡ
ֻ⻰һڣĲ˼뵽ԼæĪĲ˴ƫƫȴǸ¿ģߴˣԸΪԼæ̧šԼ
ֻЦ𣬰ҲûӦʵ˼Ĳ˼Ȼֻ֮úίһ˫۾ʱʪգͼ£ἸҪ
ʱԼ߸ϣжƴذͽԼԼͲмһˣҲ˼һۣڣԼϥǰ˭֪ȻҲԼ
Լ˼Ǻεί
ʵĲ˼úί䣬ֻĲ˼ԸĹԸʹȻ֪ΪһĲ˼ҪӦӦҲԲܾǡ
ⲻ֪ϣﱾûоԿԣοѾǰǸĲ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼һ˵м׹Ĳ˼˫ݻ𼱻ǣΪĲ˼Ǹ
ΪĲ˼ǸҹĻҪȥε
ɣҽһ˵Ĳ˼ԸǮʱһ˴ǼǮǼ鼸ʮ飬ųȥһ£ܹǮϾǻ£οǮǮϾǺö
ֻǽĲ˼˵⼸ǮҲװ׵˵һ䡰ôҲ˵ûѼǮ֮Уɣ͸Եáߴ
Ǯ屡죬еĴӢۣܣʿݵģˣ


136 ײ
Ĳ˼ίһͻȻֶҧһһʵ㵽װﲻң
˭֪ͷʹԼ·Ҹ£Ȼװģ˵ң𣿰ôһζûϴ˰ɡ
һĲ˼Ȼ֡ۡһЦ˳ЦĲ˼ҡҡֱۣ˵Ұɣ֪ϴǸӡ£ܸһиۻᡭԣ㻹ðҡ
Цһ£һĶ͸ǼһֻǼһ͸һ󣬾͸һ治֪Ĳ˼ǮյģǼһʲôرġħȻĲ˼Ϊߵ
ҪȥǰɣҹģҵǶȥŪȥ̾һ˵
Ĳ˼һЩɶҡֱۣ˵ǵÿһҪȻˡ
ɣĲ˼ֻҪȥæˣǰԼңڴӢ۴ܵĽǰҲֵܱ̫СҪȻûϽ󣬵һΪԼ˸̨ףԭҽæİ
Ļɣû˵˼ҲҪ˼ˡ
ɣϼ˿ڣȻҲǾģѶ·οĲ˼ʲôˣɣϼҲ֪һֻǰæҲӦҪȥһ˲źá
ԣɣϼҲ˵ȥһ˰ɡ
üͷ˰ΣŶɣϼ˵Ҳãȥϰ࣬ٵˣסٵһӣҾ͡
֪ˣٵһӣͿҵĹʣУڻڣ԰ɣҶ䶼ˣɣϼһЦһ˵
١̰˵ɳˣ͸ҸҶˣϰ壬Ų̾ͳ㡭
һ˵⻰ɣ̽˿תͷȥ˿㡣
ֻɣϼȴЦݣġв˿Ҳһ¶
ϳϡɣϼڸܵ˵ѽ˵ͦģʵǸ죬ġ

ûԼĳĲ˼Ҳǵһˣ˵Ĳ˼æسҲİá
Ĳ˼ĬĬؿųӣڸʻϣ۾ɣԺǿˮ飬Ҳ˵һ仰
ɣҵ֣ҲֻҪСʱңʱȻ°ĸ߷ڣ˳ȴɲ٣ԣĲ˼ѳӿûǱȽ
ʱһĲ˼̲סתͷû˵
˵ʲô̲Ӧһ䡣
Ĳ˼ôҲû뵽ڣǰȻһĵУǰԼԽУᵴȻ޴棬ԿҪԼĲ˼һ³ȥ
˭۸ˣ
һΣǰĺǡĲ˼ͣ˳ӣûһ˵ϴΣ͸Ǹӡ£ܸˣ˺ü죬˵Ҫʲôÿһ춼ܹó
ߺߡЦЦ˵ʵ룬ÿ춼͸ĶȻöҫ˵ƣ͸ġ԰ɣ
ߣˣ۸˼ҡ
ˣĲ˼һ𲽿һ߽ߵ˵
Ĳ˼ɣԺˮ£Ҳ벻ȥˣֻûͷĲ˼
Ҫÿһ춼͸ĶǰҫǾͰϰٺ٣ÿһγʱͿԸ˵ƣġÿһ㶼ҫңÿһ㻹ҫüأٺ١
ʵû뵽Ĳ˼ΪǸȻڿ˼زʵԣݺݵġ̡Ĳ˼һ¡
˭֪Ĳ˼ȴΪ⣬شа˼ˣÿŽǶûƷλ˵ѾΪڲﳤڰһŲȥֿԣ
ֻǿЦģֻ롰̡һĲ˼ʵ벻ж뵽ˣѾʵʩˡ
̾һĬ˰Σ˵Ҫͼ޸ȻÿȻ󣬷˾˵ƣšٺ١Ƕӡ
Ĳ˼ġ̶̲סڳһֻҪҲҪ˼ҲŲҪء˶٣˵Ϊ㰡Ŷ󣬾Ȣϱ
ǰߣ·һȥһȻγɵС̯гӪŴ߲˹ϹٻģǷ࣬ǰ߲ʮӵĳ̣͵Ҫȥĵط
˲ǰ治ԶϽ˵úÿ
ֻû˵꣬ͻȻӲܳһˡ
ۿҪײˣĲ˼ŵáһУһɲǼ䣬ֽ붯ƴĽɲס
Һãһ·Ĳ˼ñͲ죬ɲһɲǣӱͣǰǸᴩ·ˣֻתͷһⲿײĳӣҡڵؼֶ
ûײᴩ·ˣδĲ˼һؿڣǰԽһա
ֻûü֣֨һ죬ţһһʻ̨
Ǻ׷βˣ
Һã˶ϵ˰ȫ˵ûţһ̼䣬Ǿţһ䳹׵ɵ˹ȥ
׷βһոµͺգͺյһͷĴˡ
һ³㳭ؿոȥռͣʲôɻǻῪ
һţһ߾ߵĲ˼ĳԱߣĲ˼ֺֽ
ֻĲ˼ɵˣڼʻϣһ˫ֽỵ̂һ˫۾ֱֱĵǰ棬һԲ
Ȼعȸоһ£ȷԼûܵˣǿ⿪ȫ򿪳ţӳ˳
Ҳû˵ͺյĸײɶˣǶֻĻȻ򿪲˵Ĳ˼ĵ绰롣
ǸһһʮĴкӣŮӣҲ̫󣬶ʱøţƹӣߵǰһѽס
ǡôʱոմͨĲ˼ĵ绰ֻǻûü˵һ仰㱻Ǹ˲˸˫ء
ŵôһ㡭Ҫʲô
˶ݺݵ˵ظӣҸսӵĳ⡭
УǱ߲ʱкüʮһΧ˹ȫǹֵġ
Ҫ⳵һţ̴Уҿĳ
ľһ³Ҳжֻ̫ᣬǰǸᴩ·һţһᣬһ˫Ŷ㱻˵أһ̣ȥǣǳԱܵĽ
ֻҲžડһڵϣˤ˸ķѡ


137 Ҹ˵
һУΧ۵Ⱥʱ࣬һ۵
ҲǣԼ׷βײ˱ˣȻҪ⳵˼Сᣬˣɡ
һһװϴ˵
죬㿴˼ҿǳģݵˡ
ԱߵͷӣһѸĻ֦ţ˵
һ˾ģ˵ֳҪýӦǰĳΣͣ׷β
һ긾Ůȴ˵ﶯֶŵģǸӣôҪǺӼҵĴˣ⳵ԣ㶯ֶţҼҵĺӣ⾫ʧҲ⣬³˲𣬲ǮôͷļûǮ
һЩ˵ҲǡҲǵģǰΣ㱨ҿİʲôҺòҵʲôˣҪȻ㿪ĳôŲ˴һˡ
Ƭ̣еۣȻһߵվߺĲ˼ˡ
Ǹˣһۣʱۣ⳵ȷողŽӻģüأ͸ոտ԰԰ڣû뵽ײˣҲ˵Աߵ˾ȻһߵޣοԼһ֮»֣ˤֻҪ汨˾ЩΪ֤ʣǻ˵á
˼ǰ󣬺һӣ˺һӣ֪ķſԼҲ֪
˷ſ̲סĵƶһ΢ԶЩųŻڳĲ˼˵죬绰
Ĳ˼ǿعſ˵ǧҽ㰡ǮҪǮҡ
֪Ĳ˼ΪʲôԸ¸߸Ĳ˼磬ʱȻҪŪµʱ򣬵֮ҪӦĿǰ顣
ڻعģʵ˷ߺޣĲ˼ĴǮ£Ҳˬˬ
ѶתǸɬˣò˵壬Բ⳵ȷǲӦͣײĳԸ⡭
˶٣ֽ˵ո㶯֣ˤһֻ飬˵˭˭ǣҲ˵ҿ壬ǻǽɡ
ʵ벻ոջʧһСкӣһȻܹ˵оݵĻʵ̫⧲ˡ
һ֮£죬˵ոȥһֵֻǮ֪⳵ָͷᣬֵöǮٲֻոȥȥȥҵĴ˳Ҹ˵
һ˵⻰ϱµЩˣĿ֮£ױ㶯֣Լʧһֻô˵Σӱܲ˵ġ
мĴ޷ҲҪ˽ˡȻǡ˽ˡȻͲԼһֻʧ͸˵ոֵ˵ġʧѡ
˵£
ˣĲ˼ڼ֮䷸˴ҪҪòܽܣ˲ףǷǲʣץסԼԼˤֻ
ˤһֻ˵ţһë㲻ϣ˵ȴҪˡ
ЦЦ˵壬һһ룬ӳ˳˾û˵ڳҲô岮Ụ̋ÿһ˶ֻ֤һģҪ˵ҪҪ˵ҼҴˣ˵ֻҲø
áȺһһк
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˵úã⳵Υ£Υµ£ִǶִ˵£СֵܣǮô
Сֵܣַδ˵ĺϷȨ桭

һŭǰʱήһ룬¶ҪִˣҲͱˣŵģؼǣǰСƨųͬ˵ϳɺ͵ɫŻ޼£㲻÷Ūɳ׾
ʹԼ侲һƲתͷȥԼǱײϵĳ
ӵȷײе㡰Ҳ̶á˱볬ǰģǰⲿ׵ľһɲʹǰıոܱΣͲ˵һƬˣұߵĴײˣҲΣȻرأϾ۶ܿóǱΡ
ײ̶ȣʹб⸶ԼҲûϺЩǮЩǮҲ˵ոµĳӣſһˣͳӣ˲ʹҪŹ֣
һԽԽʹ޲ǰơ
ȴûǸˣҪȥƣҪ˵ֻһӣ¾ԱΧ۵˶Ź
˵ʲô°Լô嶯ҲͰˣǵҪȥץһѣ޷Ҫ˵ʱֻԼ죬Ҳһ˵
ãʹգ绰˸ȥȻ̵˵˾䣺ֵܣ鷳ˣһСڳǶ·иСгĵطԣ
˴ĵ绰Ȼ󣬵ǻǱΧ۵˸һһ˵ҪȺʱը˹
£ͭû˲ǣ
һȺҲϳ֪Ǹ¶ңüе̵ľǡصˣһ¶
׻˵װףڰڡһصǮĿŵһصĹ¶ǿ벻̣
̣кüСһߣָ˾ʹ˵ģҪǲŲ̾ͷ㡭
⹷ģҲۿ¶ĸģӺú̸ҹҪȻ˴һҡ
Уգ̲סŭУոȥ˶࣬вǰɣߺߣеģͷžǲµˣոȥҾǸˣôбµģͷ
ͭǵļС꣬Ȼߣ첲ӣ඼ֻΨ²ңԲܲĳǿ֮
Ҫ֪һ˿ʲôԾʹжߵĵλҡ
˿ŵͺգֳӣͭ䲻ָҲΪ࣬Ҳ˵žɵݵλͭǣҲΪ֮С
ˣǶܹǵġ
֮ЩΧ۵˸ڶһüĿָŭ޷ǾֻһǸˣ
еǡǿѹͷߡ˵Χ۵˺˵˵ò˰᷸Ҳ͸òŸʲôΡ
Ҫ涯ִܣأȴû˲֪ġ
žһŭ𣬻ǰѼߣ첲ӵסˣһʱ֮䣬Χ۵˶ʱ


138 ҳ
ƬžҲͽֻƬ֮£ֻһƬ֮Ⱥٴҿ˹죬кüͳֻҪݸ
ֻˤ䣬ɢһأûȥҲ˵һֻɢڵϣŴ쵽ˣΪֳ֤ݡ
Ȼ뱨ΪģΪһǡĲ˼ĹϽΧĲ˼ȴֲ¾㣬ԣ뱨һĲ˼磬ȻΥĲ˼Ը
ǰҪҪ촦˵ˣҲž̬ȣ˸֮֮
õ绰Щԥˡ
ֻԥһ󣬻ûҪҪΥĲ˼ԸžǱȴӣһµA4һȴһ
ӻͣ£ӰµϳһŨüۣĿЩ׶񣬶ʮ߰͵ˡ
ģȴһ۵ˣһ֪
ǸĿе׶ˣߵžߣžɽ̸һ˫׹ʱɨһۣϲһƤ
ȴΧͺգǰǰϸϸĲ鿴ԭžɽˣֻ鳵ӵ𻵳̶ȣԼʧ̶ȵġ
⵹üǰžһŭסСִ꣬
һԴһЩǰž˵ϰ壬⳵ײˣӡơոܣмӣε
ԼҪǮžüͷʵ˶٣ʣָܻܲԭ״
ʹЩҡҡͷγҪָԭ״̸ףָܹԭ״ǿô죿Ҫ˵ɴ࣬ȫԭװģֻ˼ǮҿҲܶ࣬ǮӲʮңģҲҪ򡭡ܵײ̶ȣҪָø³һҪʮҰɣ
ǮеȻ˲ˮ֣˼ҾָԷҪˮҲǻ˻
˵꣬ɷнµȥΧͺմתΪëĵط˵ûëĵطҲҪҵë
Ǹһ׶⻰תͷߵߣ˵⳵ģ
⻰˵ɭɭģס˸䣬Ƭ̣ŵӴǡ
˵㣿ĿɭҲ䡣
һɢڵϵֻһۣȻͷû˵ң֣ҵֻʵ
˵꣬һ֣һﻹ˵֪֪ǳֻһ¾Ҫʮ򡭡
Χ۵˶ʱһУһﻹҶˣ
վΣһѪһֱţֻںܲҪ˵Ҳںںǣ̵ģ˾Ȼ裬һʱʲôҲˣһ֣ǸŻͷֱǸ˶
ǸȻ׶ʵҲֻǱѣ֮ô޷ҲҪ͡ʮѣžڶ
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мŮ̲סҪȰҪҪ嶯
Ǹ˼嵽ǰҲʵһԱһãžɣȴǴĿŷ˷һ
ۣǰûֱ嵽ͺԱߣ䣬һͺյĵ粣ϣֻॡॡ£ͺյĵ粣ɢ䡣
Ǹ˴סˣžɴסˣе˶סˣҳ
ͺյĵ粣ϰݣһ֣һڳϣҲӦֶơ
ţšӣҡͱǻƬ̣һոµͺգ㱻Ŀˡ
ĩˣͺյĶڶһҶ壡
عžָܻС֣ˣոȥҵ³
ǸĿ׶ˣ˺һӣ޿κεҡҡͷֻһ绰룬˹ȥ
Χ۵û뵽ôĵӣȻһҵĿȫǣĵͬʱֽסΪ
ô˵Ǹ¶ǺЩڶ֪˵£ܳʲôԭ򣬼Ȼ˼ҵĳǶٶһЩǮǣһ¶ȥжǮ˼ң
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һ΢Щһӣͺճֱߵָŭžǰ˵˵ɣӣˣҪô죿
Χ۵Ⱥ֮еļλĵĸŮʵǴҡͷ⺢ӣ˼ҵĳҲͰˣȻҡڵȥ˼Ҫô죬ⲻ·ô
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⺢ӣ
һܹӮĹ˾Լȴçײˡ
žŭĿԲָűӴȵӣҪһСӣͷ㣬ոȥ⣬Ҵ˸ҽ⳵⳵
֮࣬ž˵ЩˣµžɾգҲȥֶˣԼдȣټֻһʮСӣ˵ȻҺԥĽԼĳӸˣļӦǮƵģҪȻôһСƨеһͨ˵ԼһˣҪСӶֶضٴˣ˵㽫һ٣޲»˿ʵ
Ϊ֮ƣֻгҴˣȻ߷ɳΪԼָ
ԣžȴֻڲˡ
ͦذͷϵ˵ƳһòҼҴ˳ҪǮ
ոȥСƨóǮȥȥҴ˳
Ǹ׶˴˵绰ֻתͷһ˿ȿ޻ѿЦݣ˵Сӣţÿ
˵㻹Ұҹ˲ɣҾţҵҪܰô
ߺߡ׺ݵЦЦ۾ȴֵһͷ
ֵһͷǱкܶصλУɳ֡ԺԺȵȵλһߡ
ȵֳģȴǻصλˣǶʮȫʽͷĦгˡ
һĦгĺʮ˼һӵϣΧ۵ȫȻе˶ĦгΧһȦĦгͷȦžɡǸ׶ˣסŤţĦгһ
ƣһڵɷƺֻҪǸ˻žһ£ͻὫƬĩ


139 
žֵʱĲ˼³ˡ
Ĳ˼ߣԭһֵԽԽˣܲᾪĲ˼磬ʱ䣬£Ĳ˼ģǽĲ˼磬ԭĲ˼ֻǴҪġ
Ҫǣִˣǡˡǡ˽ˡԲһʱܹѵÿ£
һʱѲԼû취ȥΪ򵽳ûľۻϣԼǻʧ棿
Լ߷µ¶Ĳ˼;ã˶ãĲ˼ͻϹнڣ۶¶õԲĽ
ţ¾ʧȥקߣҲδػߣοһڣе˶עԼĻᣬҲ
ˣԼȥһԼãº˵ûҲûʲôԣ
ԣĲ˼ҳҵǻ³Ȼ⳵ͷҲûһ£⳵Ȼȥ
ߣžɼĳӣջǾɳ
Ҳû˱Ǽӵ·ôһĦгΧżˣ̣·̾һѪս
ǣӵ̳棬žɡŤɳЩĦгģԼǸ׶˵ȣڸϵֳԱ㣬ҲֻĿһɢ
һɳиֵľԱϵ֪Ĳ˼绹Ҫã̲סһ䣺ô㣿ô£
˭֪ͷϣԱʻǳţҲûһ¡
ǸԱ˸ûȤһߵӣֹ˼Ĳ˼Ĺϵ㲻ƽϡ
žɻվԱߣתͷžô¡
ģҽո³Ҳǳһˣոȥû뵽͸ײˣոȥײҲͲ˵ӣȥ˾ۣû뵽Ҵˣոȥû뵽ҵĳˣӡ
žҲǸЩˣͲﵹһ㣬žľһͨ
Ϊؿ˵ּֿǸԱһϡͿһɻ
Ȼȴɵһ˫Ѫ۾һŭҧҲ˵
ѣԱֻٴתͷžɣô£˵
ӡžԵҲǷŭһ䣬Ȼ˵ҵĳײˡ
ǳ˽ͨ¹ʣҹ˽𣿡Աʣ˶ʣ˭ζʵôֵˣ
ոȥʹ˽ͨ¹ʣȥҿۣⲻϴ˸ӣСһСһȻҵĳˡž˵
ϴˣ˵µĳԱָָʵµĳأ
һžԼ˴죬Ҳֻ֪ʱǸŮӣǸƯŮӣŮӵڶû֡
Ϊֹµĳû֣⵹žṩһܺõɣɣԵžϴ˸ֵĹ
ӡžһҲ˰˶ȣµĳ֮СһңȻˣոȥ
֮ݣһֺأпܱ̾УпܱĶΪڻݣһֿΪͬıΪ
ǸԱʵû뵽龹Ȼôأϵһӱ
µĳ˭ǸԱתͷȥ
仰ǸԱЩڡ
üΣĲ˼һ룬ߣҲ͸һ϶һոյεͬС
ȻͬУûɲ֪ôĺǼȻôˣЩӦñ֪ԭ򣬲Ӧñ֪ԭһУǲܹģǼɣ
ԣǸԱһ䡰³˭֮̾ͺ˵ǡĳĳ֮Ļ
һ˵ĻΥ˼֮⣬û취鷳
οԼڻĲ˼£ԼΣҲóĲ˼Ĺϵͬһ㡣
ȥͷ˾ϵͬһˣԱûǸʸ
Һãʱɻһ˫۾ҧݣĴŴžԱʻмһˡ
𻰣Ա΢һЩתͷž˵鲻ӣǳأĵ⣬û취ˣԵȣʹߣҵ˵
ž΢¶һ˿ϲ⣬ͷ˵ߣҲߣһһ⳵أոȥҵĴôӵģӣǷˡ
ǸԱվ˵лҪ㡣
˺ߣվǸԱߵڼ䡣
žֺ˵ƨӣʲôԣӣǴ˹ߵģľ˻졭ոȥ
˸ڼ䣬Աǿ£Ȼ˰л̣һ֧ݵǰ˵𣿡
ҡҡͷ̣Ҳڡ
ǾԱΪ⣬ЦЦ̣תֵһˮŵǰϣȻ˵ҸһУҲˣӦýһʦ硯ǷͬУҲһˣһҲͲ˵һСʦ㣬ִִĻҾͲˣڷ飬һᾡ취ƴȥ
ִôԱпʻضûУϾ˼ִִڼ䣬ǿԾܾ͸¶κϢģִڼ䣬ʲô⣬Ҳֱ쵼ôжأҲûԱʲôˣ࣬Ҳֻܰϱһ¡
ǾԱҪȵģһͷһ仰Ҫ˵ĵһͷֻҪһͷԼڰϱһ£ôȻִˡ
ǾԱǣû˵ûаλʦ硱ĸмԴҲûһ£ȴֻǺһ˫ۣҧһĴŴҲһģһı鶼ûеŷĴӣһԲ
ģʵԱе̫ˣҲǣԼҲǿͿģһѻ˵ײˣƫ̻˼ҲԼԼĸ͸¶˭֪һͲ飬ʲô˼
Աһ漴뵽᲻ִһǳرִرʱԱСɫûκ֪Ȩģ͸˵ȥʶʣҲǰ״˼Ҳ͸¶֡
˵ЦԱΣʵԼһϣȾ϶ġͬСԣһԲԱ뵽ڡִ񡱣ǣԭȴĲ˼ΣҿӺĲ˼Ĺϵ˶ѡ
ĬƬ̣ԱǲȻЦЦ˵ãʲôҲ֪ʲôҲʣڳ飬黹ýҪȻӰĹҴҶýҪȻԼ˵˵˭飿


140 ϼӽѵ
ǾԱ⻰˵ǰ̻˼¶һţ˵ʲôˣزҲʾ˲Ŷԡ
ִִرˣվ˵һ仰߲˵һ仰ʹ뿪ҲͿ԰ʾԱԼȷʵвй¶κϢʲôλԱ֮ȥ
ƫƫһ߷߲ƽӣȲʹ뿪Ҳ֮κα顣
ʾԱʲôģ͸ûˡ
λԱ󲻽ˣʲôԭ
ãûκαʾλԱڷһЩ⣺˵ΪһУľԱڷִڼ䣬ִڼ䣬ʲôĻҿǱҪ߱ġ
ǿҿһʣ뾭ϸľУԱȣУңԽԽûһ㹫Աʡ
⣬Ȼִڼ䣬ûԸ֦ڣ㲻ҷ⣬ҲǾ»СС»ޣԾӰԼ
ǣһӽɳڣֳģֻһ飺ŭ룬ԾҪĽࡣ
ˣִекôûִ񣬶ң飬ʹ޻˵
һ˲䣬ԱλʦܡݶһЩɡ
ϸϸǰμĲ˼һЩҪϣǣĲ˼磬е˶ûλʦܡкҲӭ໥ͷʺͬУûκ˵λʦܡĵϸ
һ˵·ַġͬУڵصλ֮Уضһλ֡ʦ֡ϤҲ׳ơ
ǣھԱļ䵱Уһʱ䣬û˵вͬзû˵λʦڴʦܡ
˵˵ͬʦܵĻܵĳִǾԲܵ飬ִ񣬿϶дһ
ôȻһλִôпܷ飿
һλִһĻ㷢ͨ¹ʣΪһλֻ֣ҪͿ԰ƽôºݣ͸ȥ˼ҵĳӣ
˵ʲô⣿
˵ǸĴһִ񣬶ңһģҲԲ֣ͬ
ôˣǲһλͬСºݵˣֻ˭
Աһϵɫʱ粻
º߹Ȼԭ£ЭߵΪͬΪɶ
λԱ˼һֻ֮ԹԵֻĻϵ㻭
ȻλԱģǲȡ˽Ϊصİ취
ȣ뵽ǣҪ취ȷݣҪȷݣкܶ·ӿߣӹϵͳƽ̨ϲңߣֱо²ѯʣֻѯһʦʦܡ
λԱȡֱӵİ취Ĳ˼磡
һڻǰĲ˼羪ˡ
Ĳ˼磬Ȿֻ飬û뵽ô;
ǰ鼱֮£׼绰Ĳ˼磬ֻǵ绰ͨˣûü˵ֻʧˤˡ
Ϊ˫գʱҲûʲô£Ĳ˼粢ûڼһЩϣĵ绰Ĳ˼ȻӵˣֻǸոաιһ㷢ĵ绰ػˣĲ˼ҲΪ⣬ϵæأȻֻһµ绰ֹػˣҵһûٴϵҲʲô̫¡
ԣľͼæͷˣûټ绰
˺Ĳ˼ֲٴ绰Ĳ˼磬ѸٵʧأҲûĲ˼ˣοĲ˼ͷԵһܣҪĲ˼磬Ҳû˺롣
ɳ֮ȻǷŭҲָ
ָǣ֪Ĳ˼ûǰ֮ǰԼԲ׿˵򣬻ԤϵĺٵԼͷϡ
Ψһİ취ǰյģκεĿʵ䵽ȵĲ˼֣ʱһ鶼ðˡ
Ĳ˼ڽӵһֻϢĲãһλʦܣ״ʾδ
Ĳ˼翴ţЩĪ룬صλʦܣʲô״
һĲ˼õ˴𸴣λԱԼòòƬĲ˼磬˵Լ˽⵽Ĵλַ˽ͨ¹ʣݣλȴ˼ҵĳӸˣԼҪһЩλһҲϣָʾһж
Ƭغܺãϸ΢ܹ֮һһƬЩεԲһ˼ҳӵ龰Ĳ˼̲ס͡һЦ˳
ЦһĲ˼΢˼Ƭֻ̣ϻظĸ֣ѵ
ԸĲ˼֪٣һǳӲԲһԺˣȻ˼ҵĳӣǳҲһǸñҵˡ
˼ҳӣҲ˼ҵƣɲС£Ĳ˼翴úúøһѵҪȻ˼ҳӣ˵ͻŪ˼ҳӸ˵ã
˶ţĲ˼ٴγã̲סְֻոյţϸϸĿ
ԽĲ˼ԽЩסжϣͨ¹֮Уݡ˵ԼλӵĳҪηȻҪη˼ҵĳӣ˵Ѿֻһ򵥵Ľͨ¹ʾףǿñεƾĲ˼ֱ־Ӧòηң˼ίҪȻȥ˼ҳӣҲδؿȥ֡
˼ҳӣ˴£һ£ί˼ָ꣬һ²Ŷԡ
Ӻɷд÷ԩ죡
һ뵽Ӻ仰Ĳ˼̲סЦˣһĲ˼ЦЩǿңȻЦȴĪЩʹ
ñεסĲ˼ʶһĲ˼һϸϸʵʵļֱ顣
ǸˣֻǱԼ;ãϲŭƬ֮Уϣ֮дżϳɣŭ֮дż־ִżּΪټĸ㡢
˵ʵĲ˼ļ֮УҲҲһˡ
ԼݵλԼò꣬ˣǶԼķУǱǫãʵûһԼǰر
رǺرһֻȾȮıӣг಻Ը񣬻Скܶ࣬ЩԼϲġ
Ĳ˼ͻȻԼЩ̣ڿŷôô뵽ϲˣ˵ԼʲôˣʲôͣԼСüأϲôܣ
УԼ󣬼ͥãݵλҲߣϲôܣ
˵ֻҪãͲ⣬ͥССͣѾǧ̵УгһգĳɾܹͭĲҺü˹Ҳ˵һ
˵ʲôˣ˭ŵԡ
סĲ˼粻ġסһ˹ˣô£᲻᲻˵ô룬ңĻԼĻ£
Щĵˣ
Ĳ˼Լ£öˣԼȥһֺۣοһδɵëͷСӡ
ֻĲ˼θԼҳǧԼԼҪȥǣԼҳһԼ̡֮ҳһƷԼԼȥ
ңҳԼԽ֮࣬ƷԼҲԽ࣬ƷԼǧٹ֣ʤ


141 һƵĺ
Ĳ˼ӶǷŭı飬ԼٳɣĲ˼Ҳû취ȥʲôˡ
Ĳ˼羹Ȼڲ֪֮䣬΢ʰһ£Ȼš
ɳȥĲ˼
ѯλԱû룬õĲ˼Ĵ𸴣Ȼǡϼӽѵĸ֣һʱ֮䣬λԱãˡ
ҪĲ˼˵ϼӳʹ˵飬ʵĲ˼϶ϵһĲ˼һüΣ˵ҲֻڴϣλԱȻͲ˼ɵİΪʹ֮С
˵Ĳ˼˵ǡϼӽ˵ٸĲ˼绹ЩϵڴʱȻͲñˣ΢˵ϼ䣬÷˵ģ̾Ͱ˷ˡ
˵⡰ϼӽѵʲô°
Ǹóʹǽ
λԱãһ󣬿ɻһԲϸĥһ⡰ϼӽѵĸֺ˼ǲͬУǸһʲôˣȻǸʲôˣԼͻǲҪֵ̫ĺá
ϣλԱһЦ˵ЩȻԸ˵Ҳܱ㣬ɣߺúõأϸһ룬ҪʲôµĻͳ˵һкô
˶٣λԱָָˮ˵ŵǱпˮˮĻ
λԱ뿪֮صһһһʵҲۡ
ʱҪصһֱ飬ҪϵάǺۡ
΢һЩӲļ⣬ֿʼ˼ҪҪΥĲ˼Ըͷβġߡ
˵ʵĲ˼ᶪܡҲûϵ飬˵Ĳ˼æģ³ٲԼĽ㣬ǳ飬ܹ黹ҪŶ԰
ңΥͣ·ͨ¹ʣҲʲô˵£Ͼû¹ʷңžɵʱΪֻҪĲ˼ܣĻʹһ롣
Ĳ˼һܣԼ˶ʱڼΪľأҪηضͻĲ˼ˣ
Ҫ䵽Ĳ˼ϣǾ͵Ǯһ
Ǯںһ³ҲǼѣʹǮԼе׬˺ԼҪĿǮǣɳһǾζԼˡ۵㡱
һˣ˭ԸһӶȾһΡ۵㡱ο۵㡱ԼĳһһţȾԼϵģ
ʧĲ˼ӦòûͷԵˣأĲ˼Ӧõҷֵġ
ǣĲ˼ȻءʤΪܡе鷳ȫһ˶Գе
ֻ鵽ز׸飬ǴԽ
˼ţ֪˶ã֪䣬űȻĽһˡ
ȻͭǵĹ־ֳɽ
аĲ˼Ǻɽ˼ӣԺɽ˵ҲйԱɽˣһͷĹ鹦йҪͣйҲҪͬ³D£ڻݣ˼ҵĳںɽ̵ĶУϼӳʹݡ
ο˼Ҷͱͷ˾ĶȥˣɽҪֻ۱ֻۡУ˵ɽҲһΥΥ͵СС˽ģԣɽҹĸ˹
ɽ棬Ŀһע֮źͳ˵Сôᣬ벻Ȼ˵죬Ϊ֪ʲôΪֻ֪ɶӰ𡭡ûУһ㽫ԵʲôĺҸ㣬ΪѾɷȴĽǷɵС
ɽһõͳʮǰ׷ʲô飬Ҳʵ˭Ҫη¼Ԥϣѯʷļ֮⣬ҲΪžǱȰͱ˺ɽĶͷ˾
һȾͽ˺ϻ¡ڻݡ޶ҳȵȵΪΪʵˣúɽΪİɡˡ
ԣɽľٶ
ɽ⸱ԴԼ̲סһᣬҧ˵ǲ׵ľҪǻò˵ûеط˵
ɽͷϵһϣվŭȵʲô˼˵ԩˣ㣬ͬΥͣɽͨ¹ʣǲ֮һȻ޶£ڻݣǲɵģΪȥ˼ҵĳӸˣǲɵģ˵ǲɵ𣡵̬ʮֶӣӦеϵ飬㶼ȥУʲô˼ط˲ʸѯҸ㣬㷸¶ÿһ˶ȨҪϵ飬ӦְӦ񶼲ᣬʲôʸ˵ʲô
ҪⷽĿڲź;飬ǺɽĶ֣ɽһŭȣʱǺƿԡ
ֻǹƬ̣ķʵôǽйϸĵ¹ʵֳϣ벻ʮˣĿʼĩǶʹУƾʲôң
ɽԭΪԼһʵϵ̬˵̾ͻԹԵͶû뵽֮£Ȼܹ𷴻ֻһ򶨣εˣѾʵˡ
һ֮󣬺ɽٴһƣӴ˺üȣʲô̬ȣ֪𣿾ֶӵ̬ȣҾȨȹ㼸˵Լ£ˣڸģʲô
ҵȷʲôҲ㲻ϣȷҲȨȹҼ죬Ҫ˵֮νһҲ͸ˡ
û˵꣬ɽٴİŭʲôв𣬺ߺߣ㻹̫˵㣬Ҹ㣬б£е㻹̵õˣҶöˣвңԿ
ߺߡӱȻ˵ҪΪв㣬͵вˣҪһ仰ʵ
޷Ļ˶ɽҲѹסѾܳɸߵҵ𣬺ȵãҾһݣúõĹ̹ܽܽ㣬㽫֪أ֪ߵغԺӵΪΪ
˵ţɽһӣ̤ǰҪĵ
Ҫ˵ˣԺɽݣԼɽĺǲ㶯ִ˵ģֻɽƹӣɽҲΪȻǸ¶ʵǸ֮ģϧ֮⡣
ǲȻͷ绰Ҫ׷ҳ֮飬ɽҲʹɲԳǰԸһȻܹõɽҪõĽ
֮ѯʵںɽʵҪһֻ˽飬ɽǲȥģ٣úõĽһԺܹأ޷죬̤һĹһ㣬ɽܹõġ
ңɽҪģҲһ㣬Ȼû뵽δɵȻ˵Ƿǲ֣زɲúɽ󶯸λҪӳˡ
˭֪ɽƣȻ޾ɫԴеֳҪˣһҪʲôɶˡ


142 
Ļû˵꣬簤˺ɽһơ
һƣɽúأ϶ʱһںڵӡңǻһ˿Ѫ
һƵȷǺأ
ʵû뵽ɽһʱ֮סˡ
ɽһƣŭʱһ룬Ҫúõٳһ٣ʱҲ鲻ȥˡ
һʱ֮䣬˶ڷ˭Ҳûڣ˵ķʱһƬš
˰ΣͻȻ롱վźɽУɽţһƣҼסˣҼţһ죬һֻ㡭
Сӡɽʵʵû룬춫һƣȻ˵ĻԼһƣʲô˵ҪԼһأԼʲôʱ¹
úɽʹǣôһӱӣԸȥŪʱֻ˭ﲻΪһܸˣԼһɽĲԸ⿴һ³
Ǹ˲ţһ˲ţʹӴаɽ̣ҲһƣǺɸ֣ҲֻҪŻŻǣȻ˵ҪԼһƣѾһĺɽʱֻ졣
Сӣ֪⻰ʲôʣвԱεġСӣҽ첻ѣǲˣ
ɽʲôҲͲˣƴԼʲôˣҲܱΪһ񹲷ݵҪã
ԣɽٴ˰ƣҪݺݵٳһΣңһֻҪִԲת
ϵѪҲûֻȭͷýģֻҪɽһҪҪƴˣ
ҲûʲôɣҲΪʲôǻʲôֻҪɽٴ򣬾͸ƴ
һʮĴкӵѪԣѪһӿͲƺѪԡ
ֻûܸɽƴһΪɽİƣҲû䵽ϡ
һƣۿҪ䵽ϣȴһ֧첲סˣһ֧ĸ첲Ĳ˼ĸ첲
Ĳ˼ɽǰ󵽵ɳɽһɳǸԱ䣬ֱĲ˼絽ɳ֪֮ɽҲˣһصΪģԺɽ˽⣬Ϊʲô£˱ûȥϸǸԱһЩصž˽˲顣
Ȼֻžɵһ֮ʣĲ˼Լ˽⣬Ʋ⣬Ѿ֪˸ţҲ˵ȻžɵĳӣǼпžֵģң
ԲһԴΪˣǱƵûʲô·Բȥɷݵ
žɵĳӣǾֻ˵žɵĳӸҡ
Ұײң
Ĳ˼еЩǣһǸŮ˭ȻῪǿԼĳ¹ʣΪʲôҪܡ
ῪǿԼĳӣûɲ֪һܣǺʲôİ
һ뵽֮Լˣȴе鷳һˣĲ˼ʱǲޣһڽǱµѴ˸绰æ飬ӵĳ˭
ֻĲ˼Ǹѣݼ٣ûڵλ¶Ҳ֪Ӧȥڹµͬ£æʣҪ΢һ
һǸݵ˾Ĳ˼һʱҲǲ֪
˵绰Ĳ˼Ŷȥ˭һڵⷿߣ泳һţŭҲкɽ
һĲ˼ûɵһӻ񣬼Ҳû룬硱һ߿ţҲ˽ȥ
۵龰Ĳ˼ǳԾʹԾȻȻҸɽɼܣ
ǳıӵˣʲôҶʲôط⻹ҪҪһӡĲ˼ȴûɵʹ
ɽҲĺڰ
־ʹĲ˼磬ɽŰƣ׼ҪĲ˼ȻæֵסɽһߴУ֣ǶڸЩʲôǣ
һ߽ţһźɽԶԶ뿪
ƿ˺ɽĲ˼ֻعͷȵ£¶˵²ɣﶯ֣
Ĳ˼ѾˣҧݺݵĶ˺ɽһۣȻһƨصϣȻԴһԲ
СӡɽҲŭδݺݵһ䣬صԼλȥ
Ĳ˼翴ǻѪʹһƣ֪Ǻɽ֣ԺɽĲ˼Ȼûʲô˵ԼĶͷ˾ΪɽһԼȽ׽ĳʲôĲ˼ȻҲᵱͷ
ԣĲ˼ߵߣظһ£ôûйʹϧʵʹ𣿡
ʹȻʹˣģܲʹ
ֻȴҧһҲԡ
Ĳ˼ͳһ־ȥǵѪ
ᣬᣬ̲סֿ죬˻˻һ
Ĳ˼ΪѪ꺮ůǱߵĺɽȴüͷĲ˼Ѿͷекǰɴûֳᣬô޷Сӣô£
Ƭ̣ɽٴĿһȻ˵㻹ǰʵʵ˵ɣǰ㣬Ҳ֪״Ǹط֣֪ں˭Ÿɣҵ˭ĳ
ҹ˭ĳ׵ʹһ٣绰Ҵ򣬻ˤҵֻ˭ƾʲôͿôɣһȺִһ٣˭ƾʲôɣҸòԾȣĳ֪֪ٸĦгģֱӾǣҸô졭
һԼ˵Ļȫ˵˳ȴȫǴʺɽ
ǶִˣĲ˼ͺɽһһ
Ĳ˼֪Ը񣬸֪Ȼ˼ҵĳӣضͻǵ򲻵ѵĵزŻɣû뵽žɻô˵ͨ¹ʣѾֻһ򵥵Ľͨ¹ˣ£һΪӵ°
ɽҲǴһϾ˽ⲻ࣬ңҪԭǣžǱͨͷȾʵΪСֱúɽҪ˵
ôͷôأ
ֻһ򵥵Ľͨ¹ʣ˵ֳڰǶ˭˭˭Σһ۾ܿ˭˭𣬸øʲôξ͸ʲôΡ
ǣԭΪ˵Ľͨ¹ʣȻӽһЩڻΪ֪أ򵥵Ľͨ¹Ϊ°ң˵󻹲Ǻɽһ˼׼ûе飡
ɽԹҲǱҪһѵԸһʼɽǾҪȡЩѵԺ󲻿ٺΪȥܹӻͷҲȴ룬пҪȵģԭһ
Ǻɽһ˼׼ûеģ
ԣɽʵĲ˼ӳԾ
Ϊɽã˵ĻͼӴ׵Ļѻ£Ҳ˵ѻΪ˵û˵ѣһʱ̾ͻᱻ֪һġ
˵˻ѣһʱ̾ͻ᲻ƣ˵أ
ɽüͷһʱ֮˼ӿҲ˵һ仰


143 ̱
Ĳ˼⸱⸱źɽֽ£Ծ֮࣬ȴһЩգô˵ɽҲԼĳʲôºúõİѻ˵𣬺αҪֺģҪŪģ
οĲ˼Ҳ֪ɽƾĶģȴʶôҪѹϵŪԺ󣬽Ĳ˼һ
֪䣬Ĳ˼뵽ڰѹϵ㽩ԺԳǺһԳѹ뵽Ժ˾Щ΢Ĳ𣬾Ĳ˼Լһʱ֮䶼ףΪʲôô롣
Ϊʲô뵽ǻһԳ˾
꣬ɽ˼ֹƬ̣Ĳ˼Ŷ𱸵ϹЩʲô㲻֪Ƕô̬ȡӦе𣿡
Ĳ˼𱸵ĿһȰû뵽ֵ۾ָԼұѾʼǰңҵĽߺߣҿǼһﵱʱҵĵ绰ˣҪȻӵҵȵ绰͸ϹðҵԴժߣ
һĲ˼ʱȵʲô̬ȣʲô̬ȣһôΪã㲻֪صϹ֣ߣӣˣΪô򣡾̬ȣĲҶҪ򡭡
ðǳҾ͸ôʲôƾʲôң
һͷĲ˼绹أҪʲôңƾʲôĲ˼ɲҲûȥ
žһĶ⣬һϣʱѪ
㡭ƾʲôҡűĲ˼˵Щ
Ĳ˼Ҳû룬ſھͺȵƾʲôƾţƾҪҵϹ
һĲ˼⻰˹ȥ
ҪʲôµĽࣿ
šɽҲЩ£̫Ǿȡ
ɽֻ֪ģΪĲ˼Ļ£ǰ֪ж˲ٹģҲ֪жڲģǺɽˣҲûΪĲ˼Ļ²ٹġ
֪ΪĲ˼Ļ²˵õʲôǺɽõĽȴȷĺܡ
Ҫ˧ҪзǷҪΪԺƷ򣬼޲޶ν
ǺɽõĽȷĽ
ɽһ£ϸϺĲ˼Ҫѡ˧ģֻа͹ŷǷģֻ壬˵ΪƷģֻУۺеĽɽóһۣĲ˼Ҫȥҵģֻȥİ͹ˡ
벻죬ڣɽȻ׶Ĳ˼׿˵ƾšҪҵϹĻ
̫úɽˡ
㡭㡭ָĲ˼磬ŭ㣬㣬ϹһӶǴУ
˭֪Ĳ˼ĺ˺ߣص˿ɹ̱İϧҲν˭ҵϹأһӶǴУһֵС
㡭һ£ͷתһ̱ϡ
׻˵㶵ģ²ҪġҪµȴǻˣġ
νҪˣԸ˵ģȴĲ˼Ľɫ
ԣĲ˼һǶ⣬ֺһͨ淴ǰɽһ֮ǰˣ㶵Ϸ
ǡãʱǸԱű̽ͷǡðĲ˼ؾǾ仰˸һһ֮ǸԱʵ̲סۡһЦ˳
һ˶ͦð
˭֪Ĳ˼һͷһ˫ۣһҶüֱĺȵʲôЦʲôЦûӳܰȻ߱ĵ
ǸԱס죬Ͻתͷ˵
ǸԱ֮󣬺ɽһȻŵЩ˵Сղţһʱ嶯һ£ҲԣǸԲˡ
κ˰Σҡҡͷ¶ҲвԵĵطˣһƣҲв㣬Ҿ㳶ƽˣԹᡣ
Ĳ˼ɽ˾ȻʹԺͣеŭʱһɶǵģ֪ˣֺαصߣ֪¿һͷ
̧΢׵Ĳ˼磬ߵɱ˵ˣȻҴңߣؼҿôʰ㡭
˼˵ɳôʰ㡭ǲ֪˳˿ڻһʱп󣬾Ȼ˵ˡؼҡ
ǰĲ˼λԱֺֽУ˵ӣλԱԲţ㿪Ĳ˼ּ֮Ϊվ⣬ҪŪ鵽Ǽ٣һʱ󣬰ѡɳ˵ˡؼҡ͸Լ˵ԼһģһöűλԱãĲ˼ǡӡˡ
֪λԱ˺һҿԼʱ飬ҪȻԼ鷳ɾʹˡ
ȻǽⰸӣҪô⣬λԱ˸ϸˡ
ϸϸĥһλԱ˸ԼÿȫķӣȻͷˡ
ߣĲ˼һŽ覵쵽ǰ˵Ҫ򻹻òŻؼȥ򰡣򰡡
ȿȡɽصĿĲ˼磬ǵλ칫ĵطӣҲΣأ
ɽ⣬Ĳ˼᲻֪Ĳ˼֪ҪǺɽʵĻһĲ˼ԼЧ
ԣĲ˼ʰһ˵˵ɣ㵽ô£˵ϸһ㣬УǧѣУסˣ㲻ú£ܽôҶվһ𣬺һȥܣ
˵ЩʱĲ˼һ뽿һΪжǣĲ˼˵ʲôĽվһһȥܣ˵ЩʱĲ˼ȴ¶
ңĲ˼˽⣬Ĳ˼Ȼ˵ĻĻһȥеʲôĺ
֪µջʲôĽĲ˼ôһ˵Ϊж
£ҲúɽĲ˼ʣһԶͷβϸϸ˵һ飬ѾݵĲ˼øѡôʶ˹ȥ
ɽĲ˼ˣҪŪΪʲô˼ҵĳ£ڵ˭Ѿ˵ĳɽĲ˼綼ãӦ±Ĺϵ󣬴ǵ֮׷ݳ£ֻǴҪ
ͷβ˵꣬Ĳ˼ͺɽ˶ĬԴЩ˶ˮ֣ж©
Ҫ֪ڵʱ£˵ǹԮһЩҪϸȥЩϸڣǡǡпܻΪԷ
ɽĲ˼ʵеģȻ֪Щ©ϸڵ֮ԣ˳˼һָ֮Զ˲⡣
ͻȻһϸڣ˵Ҫ˵֤ݣͻȻ𣬾Ǵֳ˵Ǿ˵ʲôˮֵĻɵļ¼֤˵Ǽ١
ʵֳɵ֤ݣĲ˼뵽˵ģֻһֱû˵Ҳȥ
ôĿģ޷Ĳ˼Ҫڷ֮£ܹסǣԼڷ֮Ӧжǿ⣬Ҳȷʵ֤ʵһ׿˵ģԼܹ֤ʵ֤֮䣬׻жĲࡣ
ǰĲ˼˵⣬ǺһĲ˼;еǿˡ
⵹˵˵˻ѻĲ˼ãڵʱǸ֮£ҪǻԼ;ԲֻҳˣԼſɣ
ֻĳԼԤ龰̫ˣ̫ǿˡ
Ĳ˼һߣ޲ʱתȻֳϸһӣɽӣصĿ
ʲôʲôʲôĲҪʲôԼʲôˣϹʲô
ɽֿԣֹĲ˼ߣֻгѣĲ˼粻Ҫ̫Ρ


144 һ
ȻĲ˼ȴ˵ʲôҵĵԼ۲죬Ǽ˵ģʵŵģҲ˵ǸһĳӣˣãֲǼĳӣɵĽͨ¹ʣƾʲôһͳǼá
ǵû˵ûӰΪʲô£˼㻹ãҿʱŻã
ɽЩᣬԼĲ˼綼ûٰ취Ϊ飬Ĳ˼ռ˵ԼţһһǼģǰҪԼѡ
ͷ˼ɣҪ˵Ĳ˼粻ӦԼҲĸȱ³
ͷ˼־ûưոݵĿܣȻûаѰ̻žɵ˼¶ǻҲ˵÷ǳףҳ飬ӰǳӣҪϼӳʹ
ڵʵǣ󲢲Ը񣬲Ҫ˵ǲû׼ҪžҪ˵أ
ȷúɽΪѡ
˺һ󣬺ɽ˵Сṩȷ㣬ȥҲǸ£ҪȻ㿴ܲȥǸžɽʹ˺ͽ⣬ʡԽԽ󣬵Ҷճòã
ɽĻû˵꣬ȵһɵģȻĲ˼磺ôУɵһһ룬ͨ¹ʾףǸݵĳ״ˣǿɲһС£Ǽһٴǰװˣٴ򶼰װˣ
Ҳ˵ǿɲɣȻǰҴʲôϾ֣һôˣҲҪʲôʲôģ٣Ҫһ˵ǰɣ
ȻҪʹ˺ͽ⣬Ĳ˼˲ôӦ˼Ҫžȸ˵̬ȣúɽЩջ
ǶϾǵˣ˵ܺߣҪʲôҪǶģοҲ˵һҪʲô⣬ǸҲӦõģҲԲ֡
úɽյĲ˼磬ڵݣŷҲͰˣȻϽͣҪǴ˵ȥˣֻûҲᱻ˵е
Ĳ˼ҲǸ˲ţǸŴǰ;˲ţΪô¶һӵǰ;ɽģ
Ĳ˼̬ȣûԸǰ̷ϣǰ˼ҷŲϣɽû취ȥܣ˼Ҫ˵ҲȻúɽûа취ضûУɽܹ׵İ°ƽβúɽա
Ҳ֪ôģĲ˼һһǼȻɽҲܸȾһ뵽Ĳ˼ȻȻǵˡӡ
ֱȰȥžɺͽ⣬ǲˣɽֹ˸䣺𼤶ⲻǵ췢ҳ·û˵ôˣˣ͵ýң飬ô»СС»ˣӵĽǴҶкô
ǰĲ˼ԼУ˵Լţú죬ߵ˼ҲûУɽһ˵ӡĲ˼ȴˢĺ
ʢ֮£Ĳ˼ȻҪȥ㣬ֻһֱϵģĲ˼㵽ܹںɽǰصס
ɽȥĲ˼Ů޵̬˵µҲ¸ǣԷĴŹĨǵĹϵЩҲҪ˵˵±Ĵ»СС»ˣֻҪܹͺá
ƲƲ죺˭ܹ߱£˵׵ľҰˣԺʲôˣ
˵һﻹͷ¿ɽҪİ𣺡ͷҾͲ˵ˣǾ㲻ΪԼĽ룬ͲΪ˼밡
ʲôġĲ˼̧ԴҪϹԺһʲôǣŶûʲô˼ˣʲôģο˼ǼֲǼȥ˼ңƾʲôҪ˵
˵˵ӲҪǸ˵Ĳˣҿǿŵģɽٴİһͷߵĺ
ߺߣһһ㣬ûǿţҲһʬ⣬˵˼ҸɴֱǹһڵˡĲ˼ʾĶײ
һڡɽٴδһ
Ĳ˼˵⻰˼ɽв׵ĵֻǺɽ׵ǣĲ˼ʲôϵģҶɡһڡˡ
ҲЩˣǰĲ˼ھ˵ԼϹΪĲ˼ڴһԼм֮࣬Ҳ;ţϷôһЩϾԼֻСϰһҪǳĲ˼ġϹͻϺܶ鷳Ĳ˼Ȼ˵ԼѾǡһڡˣĲ˼磬ǲϷ̫ˣ
һԾ֮󣬺ɽͻȻ׹Ĳ˼Ϊ˰Լǰ̸Լˡ
ʲôӡһڡȫǼٵģĲ˼ôĿľΪҪ˳׵׵İ
ӣԼ˸󵱡
ɽһԳ˼ȻɫĶĲ˼磬˵СĲҲװˣװȥֻƸȦӣĿǰβûʲôôֻ֪ҪҲҪǿȥòЩһδŮӲ˵ƭңҲ֪ʲôӡһڣһŮӼҵЦûԼ£ⲻʲôܹʵ飬һԸ㣬ҪǿùõķϣЩҶø˵
˶٣ɽֽ˵УղЩΪұ㣬Ϊ˱ӣӼ㲻κǣ棬Ȩı˽Ϊְͣ飬ڣ̸ҳȥ
ɽĻ˵û뵽Ĳ˼Ǽ
Ȩı˽ߺߣⶥñӺô󰡣ڻϹҲѾ϶˵δҲ飬Ҫδܰһɸʲôʲôְͣ飬ɴֱ࣬ӸҵְҪȻʹְɣߺߣΪϡôְ𣿡
žɽٴžһϣָŭȵʲô̬ȣ㻹ˣְΪҲңûɣƾղŵΪҾ㹻ɣŲ̡Ͼͽְ񡣡
òѾְˡĲ˼ԥĴӿóһֽһ֧ʣˢˢģһӣдһŴְ棬Ȼˤںɽǰ
һĲ˼ˣʱЩ˻ţĲ˼缱˵Ĳ
Ĳ˼عͷһ¶ˮ˰ΣĲ˼˵˵ˣʲôĺҶһеˣҲֻдȥְ񣬲ܺվһ𡭡
Ĳ˼磬šץĲ˼֣òΪңôֵϿǴְջ㣬ȻĻһؼôʰ㡭
Ĳ˼޶ԣֶԺɽֳܽĴְ飬ҲҪ˵ˣʲôҪˣĲ˼ûʲôϵǼһĳӣҲУһжҵΣ˰ɣֻһܽĴְ顭
ɽû뵽ôᷢزһʱ֮䣬ɽֻӴ𣺡֣֣֡⻹ɺͳҹͳͳĸҹ
Ҫɽ˵飬ҲҪֹĲ˼ְĲ˼ȴһѾޱĺȵˣ㻹ƨһȥⱿ¿һؼôʰ㡭
һߺһСһ㣬˷䡣
һ·ϣĲ˼绹סĸŭ쵰¿Ҿ֪һž׼û£֪ǻؼҸҹ°ȥ
Ĳ˼羾һ·ŭֵľԱԼžɵˣһľ


145 ʮ
Ĳ˼קøһ㣬һֱԼͣĵطžԼĳӱһӣĲ˼վԭأһŭðĶ
ƽĲ˼һҲԹĲ˼ŭʱȴûĲ˼ô˵ı顣
һ̣оվԼǰԼģֱһˣһֻѪ죬żצӵϻһͷ̾ҪԼ֮ͻԼ˺÷飬ϡãԵһͷӶµʨӣһͷĸʨӣ
ŵ̲סҪˣֻԼͱĲ˼˳Աߣֻ΢˶ˣ㶥˳ţʵ޿˱޿ɱˡ
㻹ܡҪܿĲ˼࣬ƵоԼϾҪսˡ
ҡûûҪҪʲôһ߱ܿĲ˼ܹսĿ⣬һ״εĴ
û뵽𻰻ãһϾһٿ籩ꡣ
Ĳ˼͵ǰһ󲽣ͬʱһֻ첲һһͰϰ˳ӶϣĲ˼壬˸Ӵ
쵰ܰĲ˼ıӣıǼϣǺĺȵôˣղǹɺݾȥˣҪְɵòģҪȥʲô飬ûõˡ
һ˫Ӻϳ˶ۣǿĲ˼۾ţ״εĴǰ㡭Ϊҡⲻֵáû뵽ҡҴûˡ
ƨʲôֵòֵáһ쵰Ĳ˼ŭɽߣɿס֣һѾס죬һҡ˻Ъĺôͻῴô쵰
ҡ˼Ĳ˼羹Ȼһѽ§ڻһԴԵļͷһڣȻšءһ˳
ʵǴֲ
ʵҲͣټǰЩûٻȥŮӵһЩΪҲ;Ĳ˼ڵΪʵ̫˼ˡ
ԼɴûĲ˼ᣬ͸˵һԼϤ˺ޡ
Ĳ˼ںţȴѡһԼûжٹϵĵ·ƾԼһ֮ƴأеļǲ˵ˣ£еһУԼѾĻ˳·һҲ߲ȥˣĲ˼쳣ѹ
һֱŵ·ͻȻҲ߲ȥˣҪκˣ֮£ЩҸָ˼Ҳʲôϡ档
Żʧ֮ʣʵ벻ܹοĲ˼ĻʱҲҺҲȥȰοĲ˼硣
˭֪һ죬Ĳ˼绹ʲô벻
Ĳ˼ļͷ˺һŽֹס
ֹס˿Ĳ˼̧ͷһѣһߴŴһ߱ãŭľͷҿ޵ôģͲ֪˵İοο˼Ұ㵽׶Ů˰
Ҳ밲ο㣬ֻֻ˵ʲôġæش𵽡
һȥôο˼ҵһľͷĲ˼ûĺȵ
ʱǰǸԱ˲Զĵط˹˹ĽеĲĲҪϻȥ˵Ҫ
Ĳ˼ϰԵ˵ţ֪ˣȥɡ
漴Ĳ˼ʶԼѾӴԺ·ˣʱЩãȻ
һ±ˮŪױݣĲ˼͵͵Ķ˵ңһȥ
Ĳ˼ڵκҪôҿܣĲ˼ҪԼһֻǣסĲ˼䡣
Ĳ˼ηηֻԼ䣬ʱû˵ҳúܳôĲ鲻Ըġ
ǡоԼһɲǼ䣬Ǳһ輦ѪþãŽͰ͵˵ǣƯҡû˵ְ
ߣûԹ⣬û·ޡֵӣɱ˵û
Ĳ˼һ˵һַԼĺµĶϣȻ˵߰ɡ
һθһŮ¡￴Ĳ˼ɲ͵ɫĲ˼еŮ㣬ʱҳһ罬һΣһҶֻԼ˻þһ־ڻģôͻء
л֮䣬Ĳ˼ڲٴλصɳ档
һɳе˶Ŀ⣬ű˲ٵĲ˼磬еﶼһ˿ʣ
ſɼĲ˼ʱһ˿Цݣӭ죬Ҫ˵ʲô
ֻĲ˼ҲûžһۣأһȻҽ˭
ĲҪ̸̸ǸԱһٴζĲ˼˵
Ĳ˼˵ͷǵĿһۣȻ˵һңһؼҡ
ϡͿĵ˵ͷȻſĲ˼硣
֪˭ڱĵ˵˾䣺ܲˣ顭
һĲ˼硰롱Ļعͷһ˫ۣŭ˭˭ں˵˵
վĸˣȴһ纮߶û˸Һһ
ɽǰϣƶû䶯һ¡
飬ʵ̫ˡ
֮飬ɽҲ̫ˣ⧲ֲ飬ʵǼΪټ
ȣɽһ⣬ȡϵǣ̬ȣʵǳɽϣúɽ֮¾Ȼ֣˵Ĳ˼һȻĿŵάϧһŮӼҵ׵άΪҪάȻҪӲˣƨһ¶ȻôĽǺɽʷĵһʧ㡣
⣬ʧ㣬Ѿˣڵ֮ǸΰֵòҪˣĲҪˣٷȥָʼϲ֦ڳźá
Ĳ˼ҲûþֱͦͦĽɽһ΢΢һ£Ĳ˼ãɽŵ˾䣺ˣ
Ĳ˼翴ҲɽһۣҲûһ¡
ɽΪ⣬΢΢һһе͵˵˼磬Ƕ׿ϵ̸ְҾһݣ㼸仰
ʰɣãҲʲôǡĲ˼̧ͷֱźɽȻ˵
ɽ̾һĲ˼Ѿͷ˵⻰˼ɽﻹףʲôǵǱ̨ʾǣĲ˼Ѿ˴ְ飬𣬾ͲΪԼһееһԱҪش⣬ҲֻǻһʻԻشĻ͵ǻش𳤱ش⣬ͿԲرܡ
΢΢һ£ɽ˵ϲ
Ĳ˼ҧ촽Ƭ̣Żش˵Ҹ֮˽˸⣬˽ңͽûʲôϵȨش⡣
Ȼͬɽϣ⣬Ĳ˼ͻؾˡ
ɽϵĲ˼Ļش𣬵ҲΪ⣬Ǽʵã۴ĸ˵һ𣬻ܺ𣿡
д󵱻飬Ů󵱼ޣ˭Ҳ˵ʮǮ̫̫޸ʮСӣǾΥΥΪ԰ɣ
Ĳ˼練ʵ


146 
Ҳ˼֪ġɽһ˫֣ճȭͷҺţֱ϶ð˺ü
ɽȴɺº͵˵˼磬ȥẦԼҲƲ෴ԹǡǡΪǸ֮ģʹ;ҵĳԣݱ䵽棬ҶʼϲģԲԣ
ɽǱһ⣬һ㣬Ĳ˼֪ģݱ䵽̶ȣȷҲǳĲ˼ϣЩʵĲ˼粻Ĳͷ
Ĳ˼ûзԼɽ˵㡢ЩǡĹΪţҶСЩεؼϣȥǺ޶Է˼磬˵˵Ķ𣿡
ҪǺ޺ɽĲ˼绹ĲᣬʹֵزĲ˼ԳֿӲɣǲǺ޺ɽĲ˼绹ûô
Ĳ˼ĬĬĵͷɽ΢һŵȭͷҲ΢΢չ
˼磬Ҫģܹȥʲô˶ҪؽƽϢٳʲôӣ˼磬أ
Ĳ˼΢΢˵ͷ漴죬лҪ˵Ǻɽûᣬָͷӣ˵ڸղţҽӵݲϣ֤֤ԣҲʼֳϵǼͷ¼ӰЩϵУ֪ҷʲô𡭡
˵ɽͣ»ͷһ˫ȭͷֽϵֿʼ˳
ɽ»ͷҪĲ˼ӣ飬ɽڱߣҲòԥһ£˼ҪҪ˵ȥҪô˵ȥ
ݵǸ˾ݣǰɣʲôϵĲ˼ûöҲ˳
ֻǺɽ̾һĲ˼翴˰Σһʱ֮Ҳ˵
Ĳ˼Ҫʺɽĸ粻ģקܳô鷳Ȼһ֮ôڹļһƬƬʱֻ
Ĳ˼翴һۺɽ漴򿪰ȡֻһۣǰԼҵǸѴĵ绰ġ
Ĳ˼㿪ռءιһ绰ͷ̾ʹһ󼱼ȴ˹˹˻ˣĲ㣬ǰ£Ұʹˣǲ˺þãŰǸǸݡ顭ݡݲ鵽ϢʾǡǼҵġ
ʲôĲ˼һǱ׺䶥Ҳһҵ˼㡣
Լҵģ붼룬ҲԼļˣ
ԼļˣȻ֮ݣ
ãĲ˼ŽͰ͡״εһ䱾ͲʵķϻǡˣǡǲŪˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳ֪ԼҶϵĵ绰ҲǵԼ˵Щʲôֻת
Ĳ˼عʱѾվĲ˼ߣһĿĲ˼硣
ǺɽԽнģʱĲ˼ڽǸ绰֮ɫһӾͱѿ֮һ˫۾ÿնģʹˤ
ɽһû뵽Ĳ˼֪Ǹ֮˵˾Ĳ˼֮󣬾ȻôķӦȻһӾ˹ȥ
ԣɽæ˽
Ȼɽ֪Ĳ˼˵ԼʲôģװŪƭˣǺ룬־ûǲԾɽǹ֮ˣŮ˵̬Ҳм˽⣬Ĳ˼Ը񣬺ɽ˽ࡣ
ȻĲ˼ԼĽǰ̣ŮҵˣҪάԲܲ˵Ĳ˼粻ΪԼˣǸŮӻƽ޹ʵһ
Ĳ˼˹ȥ֮󣬺ɽ̾뵽ʱýйչĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼ǿۣһ΢׵ϣĽ͹Уһ󼤶̲סһκ
Ȼٲһİο
Ĳ˼˺һֹסᡣ
ǿ˲ϣ̧ͷɽɻǸλϣԼĲ˼Ŀ˺һżɬ˵֣ӣҵĹشǣ棬ڣ֣ر󡣡
Ĳ˼رܣȲѵģĲ˼ԼɽҲִС
ԣɽ˵ͷ˵ڿǱ߻Щ飬ҲͷңҪһȥЭ죬ȵǱȥʲôģһٶ͵ϡ
ɽţνչĲ˼ˣ̾ͰĲ˼ߣĲ˼һ˿ĻᣬĲ˼Ժкܴİ
ҲǺɽˣˣδػľ
ֻĲ˼ҡҡͷ˵֣ǰѾݽ˴ְ飬֪¾Ҳû취̴ңɣְ飬ȽˣûõʽĽְ֪֮ͨǰ١
ɽһƣѾͷôʡģ
һĲ˼缸һɲǼѾǲݵɽģʱɽɵ̾һ˵ҲգϢҲãְȸţϢ֮Ұɡ
Ĳ˼ĵͷȻ˵飬ǾͰæˡ
ɽ˵ʲôȴ˵֣һ⣬ˣǵ飬ղҸλž̸һ£žɺ˵Ըⲻ׷ˣ룬ȻžԸⲻ׷飬Ҳȥˣ𣿡
ôһ˵ɽ⣬ҪžɲŲţеⲻȫӭжˣ
ģΪʲôһʼͱ̬ȥ⡣
ɽôһ䣬ֲĵʵ飬˵ˣ
ͷ˵־òģͰžɽйʽǩһźͽҲС
õĿ϶Ļش𣬺ɽִ֮࣬Ǹˣ½˸˹žһʽ
ǩԼ֣žӬסŵԴЦ˵ոȥǲʶãСϵܣ壬ϸžɼסˣӣСϵҪԺʲôѴϸ˵һոȥǸصģͭһСæϸһܹõġ
ҲЦЦǣҲסϸˣҾһӵģҾֵܣǺǡ
ȡԲĺͽ⣬ɽȻҪæŻȥӦһͷ飬žֺǺǵˡ
Ĳ˼Ϊ岻ʣԼԭûֱӲμӺͽ̡
ǣһţĲ˼һѾסĶ䣬ȻһԲһֱɳ֡
ʹһ·ӴӴĹǺ
˷ųӵĵطĲ˼һ㣬һѽƵűߣȻһֲֻһָֻŭ㣬㻹ǮһһǧŧҺˡ
һŲҪĶ䣬һ˵ԩĲ㣬һǮõôô㰡£õǮƽˣҲò£ҪȻŪȥ治֪Ūʲô
ôͽˣ˵ȷԩһЩǶѾ˵Ĳ˼˵ĺô
ҪŪȥĲǮҲƱҪϲٵ
ܹоյĺͽ⣬ȷӦõĽ֣ȻǶĲ˼˵Ȼǿһء
Ĳ˼ҲײģֻĲ˼ָԴϴһ£Ծյ˵ΪǮܶ࣬ൽĲҶòôǮǰɣҸ㣬ؼôʰ㡭


147 
˳ӣĲ˼һţǮ¾ʹ˰ƽˣһԹûʱİĲ˼ǳ˵ôһӡ
һ·Ҳ˵ֱ͵ſڣĲ˼Űѳͣ£תͷ˵ȥ
һԥĲ˼˵ĥʲô˵㻹͵ǰɣϷҪΪ˰㣬ƭֵģ㶮ľͷ񡭡
ĬĬĵ˵ͷʾ⣬ȻкҲøĲ˼Թ˳ӡ
վڵǰĬĬĿĲ˼翪ųʧڽͷûɵ̾һȻͳԿףţ׼ݣû뵽һ˽һ
͵͵ģЩų
һʱԴһȦ
Ĳ˼
벻һȦǸĲ˼Ƶһ
ԭĲ˼һ˶֮󣬴绰һԼҪõѣȥԼѡҪͳȥ
Ĳ˼Ǹѵ֮ڻûŵļҹ˺üȦҲ˲ٵĶ֪Ĳ˼£ĿЩ˺üСʱȻһҲûҵʧ֮£Ĳ˼뵽飬ǵȥ
Ĳ˼λѸ֮󣬱һǰңȵĲ˼һĲ˼ĳӣ֪ǽģǱڰ֮Ĳ˼
תͷĲ˼Ǵĵζƿʲôζһӿͷ
ԲˡĲ˼Լæ˵ԲҲðһ˶
һǿסڵ˼ʵңʲô£
Ĳ˼СʵǼ飬˰ɣ
˵ͷĬˡ
Ĳ˼ʱһЦ˵Ҿ֪ʵû£Բԣ˵ҽ棬Ҳûʲôõ飬ǲǣ
һĲ˼⻰ѻʲôû£ԼһǧҲ˵װ׵İ⣬Ҳû£
Щ£ȥĲ˼ͣǮԼ׬ûǲʲô⣬ʹҲѾˣĻȥҲ޼¡
һֱһĲ˼֪ﲻ»˭˭
ԣĲ˼ֽ˵֪㲻ˣѾǸˣܼܲƽŰɣɲôСˣ𣿡
һȻ˵ҺۣҪȥ˯ˣҪûʲôµĻ
֮⣬ҪûʲôµĻͳˣԼҪ˯ˡ
˭֪Ĳ˼ٴν˵ҾҪ㣬ҰæûҵҪҵĶˣҺ¶ĺҪ
̧ͷ˿ʵҹգ˵ڶʲôʱˣ˭ţҵĶȥȥ㻹һٹɡ
ѽˣⶫûϣһһҹ˯ŵģɲҴֻèȥμӾۻɣ˵һǵõöʱ䣬ҪȥٵˣǶԲ˼Ұ
Ĳ˼һ˵Ȼһǰ֣סҡţ
ʵڱû˰취룬˵Ҫȥȥұҵģ϶ǲˡ
û˵꣬Ĳ˼ͻȻ˵ˣԼǸЩѵûкö
ԼȷģǣвĲ˼Ķ˭ҴǸƱ
Ĳ˼϶ҪȥңڱӶŴ˶ʱһϣɣҪȻ˯žġ
֮£ֻĲ˼š
Ŵĵƣû뵽ԭ˯ŵǶԻüͻȻĵƹ⾪ˣʱϱ´ܣ౵Ľ
Ĳ˼Ƴһֻ̲ס˵֪㻹ϲˣ
һ˫֣˵Ҳرϲģ˵еĶģɵÿ㡣
Ĳ˼һЦ˵ͷߵܱϣϸϸȥڻϵЩ̳̳޹ޣʯʲôġ
һ˫֣ĿĲ˼
Ĳ˼ϵĶúϸңʱĻعͷ
ƿҪǮ͸𣿡
룬ƯΪ͸ϲ𣿡

һûһĻŻ
ǸҪһǧˣʣ
Ҫһô֪ϲϲ
ǸƿǸ߷µģԣҪĻ㡭

վˣǴźǷǿƤӣشĲ˼
²Ǹùٳ˰ɣ˯ˣĲ˼úܣڻǰ棬һһķŻȥ
ֲ֪˶ã˯ˣȴĲ˼һҡΣҡ˹
ۣȻ֣֪ôģĲ˼ȻһֻֻȴտҲһԻüȻ֪ȥ
ۣĲ˼һûڵ˵ԲϵĶҿˣֿˣҿ˯ˣȥ˭֪һСģŪˣǶҲҲԲ𰡣
ˣüҲˣĿŶդӣһʱ֮䶨
Ĳ˼ûκα飬ֻǴĿԼֻǶԻüİ֮Լİ֮ŪˣҪһͨ
ʵĲ˼֪ǣդͻȻ֣һĨɫıͻȻʧˡ
ô£
ѵԼ쿴ˣԼûϳġʵӣһԻü
ⲻܰԼǵãʱԼҲϸϸĿһԻüһͨͨĨɫıĵȷȷӷġ
ʹ۾ͻȻЩֻ
ǲԼ۾⣿Ҳˣ
ҲͳһϹӣȳΪһϹӸ¡
һ˲䣬뵽Ҫȥ
תۿ˿Ķȴַ֣ԼܿЩɫϢһ߷໨ƿġ׵ģһ͵ġҵģһͭðġġ
Ĳ˼ϵġɫһ˿˿Һ죬ϢһǡĲ˼òһ㣬Ŀ
Щܹġ
һЩ΢ЩȷԼ۾ë
ǣӵġȥˣ
ǶԲ𰡡Ĳ˼ϵɫ˲䣬ɵ鲻ѣϽС˵֪ҲãԲ𰡣ȥμۻᣬһһõĻüװõ㣬òá
ĿӣĲ˼Ļţֻ룬Լǰ©һӣǸһŴ˵֮еıˮ飬ʱˮϢҲǴӺðģֻԼȡ˱ˮ֮ǸľͷӾҲˡ
֮ġûˣȻҲͲСðˣ
ǣûмв㣬ֲסĶǡֵʲôַʲôطأ


148 ǧޱ
ӣסʲôطһʱ֮䣬˼⣬ֻҪԼ۾û⣬Լеʱҡ
뵽üͷ΢չһЩ
ƫƫʱĲ˼ɫָΪԼ˵ҪõõҲԭԼ½ӷһߣȻ˵㲻ҵͺˣǣ㿴ˣܲܰҼõĶ㿴
ոպһ飬Ĳ˼ôһЩ
Ϊģ˵Ĳ˼ҪæΪǸø񣬾ܶȣҲ鷳ǣĲ˼קͰͽ˼ȴֻΪֺǸǷƣ׼ȷ˵ǡʡ
ƾʲôǸͿԵõĲ˼ԼĲ˼Ҫʱ򣬾ǡҪʱݡ磿
Ĳ˼ȻĪ뵽Ĳ˼硣
˺һ˵öҵȷУҲ֪Ǽһ᲻ϲУǮ
кöĲ˼ʱϲһתۣкöأﲻ˵һ˰װ׵˷˴ϣ˵ˣó
Ĳ˼ôһ˵淢ʹȷϲĶҲϲ
Ĳ˼Դ룬Ƭ̣˵ţŷ֣ʵ㣬Ҳкܶ๲ͬĵط˵Ҳϲ䱦棬ҲƷλң䱦ļʶҲ൱ԨţӦ˵㻹Ҫá
һ˵ǸĲ˼ȻੲݣǸôӹŵϵ¡˼С
ΪĴĲ˼ĻͷȻֻҪǺֵǮĶϲҾֻ˵ֵǮ㡭
ûǮɡߺߡĲ˼¶óһпǰ˻ΣЩ˵һʮ㹻˰ɣ
һʮ򣿡̲סʧ
Լ׼øĲ˼ģǿšˮ顱Ȼ֪ǿļֵ;ǮĻҲҪüǧ˭֪Ĳ˼Ȼֻһʮ򣬻˵㹻ˣ
˵Ĳ˼鱦һУοֲ֪ġöʲôֻãϴæ˸ӡ£ǶʵҲϲһΣĶӦҲͲǸֵҲӦøϲ
οĲ˼óֵһʮĶѾܲˡ
ԣĲ˼ҡпʱ򣬾ԴŲҫĳɷ֡
˰Σ˵㻹ǰ⿨ɣһʮټӸ㣬Ҳֵġ
ʲôټӸ㡭ǣһǧ򡭡Ĳ˼Ҫ֪ſһʮԼ˺ô˼ųأԼƴԺü¶㻨Ǯųأ
㡭ﲻȥ֮Ĳ˼̲סִһ䡣
һעתƵ˼ʱ
̾һ˵ҵΪˣֲǲ֪ҪֵǮĶһø㣿˵ʵ׼ĶǿǾ䣬˿һۣĿٵģ˵Ҳ㣬Ҫǻ˱ˣҶ˵ĺöء
һͨ٩٩Ĳ˼ͷת򣬸ʶֲһˣ󲿷ʱ䣬Ĳ˼ǾǸʵʵ˵ѵˣ˵ǡ䡱Ӧ˵Ͳƭ
ңҪǾĻ죬ľۻһԻԼеǰʡ
Ĳ˼Ѿʼ룬ھۻȺУԼֽ͸Ⱥ̾ͻᷢһ󾪺е̾ͻüʵ۹⿴ԼԼͿҸĺš
㵽ҪҪȵòͷˣֱӾʹĲ˼Ļ룬Ĳ˼òԡпᡱʵ
Ǯ
һʮͷأο˵һǧͲ֡
صпᡱʵĲ˼ҧ촽˼ã˵ܲһʮ򣬾͵Ƕ׸ҪǮԺԺ󶼻ȫ㣬𣿡
Ĳ˼۰Ͱ͵ı飬յǣĲ˼ΪǸȻʲôˣǷ¼ǧծҪȥֺá˵ǼҲͰˣǿǼǧ򰡣˱ˣܼҲôǮôġ
ǣĲ˼Ϊˡ࣬УҼӡ
˼ãŵ˵˵Ҳһղ챦ˣ𣿡
Ĳ˼˵ΨһС˵ʲô̾ͷɣʻϽͰ͵ĵ˵ͷ
ǾͺðˡЦЦ˵
ȻĲ˼ľ뷨˼ѾӦĲ˼һʯͷµæ˵ǵʲôҪǮ
һվ˵
˵ţĲ˼Լ棬ס
סֱӽǿűˮ˳ݵĲ˼ǰ˵
Ĳ˼óģֻǸӵһʯͷʱʧһɱˣ˵ĸо
Ĳ˼ӡУȻǼֵǧ챦Ǳ߹󡢻˸ⱦ˿һ۾ͻ˰ֵĶǣ񴵺٩˵˰죬óȴֻһ۵ĺʯͷʯͷԼﶼ·أʲôϡ棬ԣĲ˼һɲ
ˣңҪҰ
Ĳ˼飬в׵ĵϾʲô˶ó֪֮ģĲ˼ڹһУ챦ûʲôأҲϡ棬Ի飬ȻҲ⡣
֪û۹⣬ϲǺǡЦЦԹԵĳ˷䣬ߵϴԡˮͷߣˮͷˮ˳
ˮϴأһͽϴװ˸
Ĳ˼֪Ҫʲôһֱ󣬼ˮ̲סʵҪʲô
̧ͷЦЦ˵㲻ǲʶҾۿ֮
֮ɱ˵ʯͷܹˮϰʯͷҵҲ͸һġĲ˼ƲƲ죬˵
ɽһ˿Ҳ˵ЩʵûȤοһܹѱˮһܹˮϵĻɽʯˡ
˵Ҳ̫Ǹ˰ɣôͲܹĵط룬˵ôûһأЩʹġ˵
ġĲ˼˵ѵʯͷ㻹һˮͻһӣ棬ʯͷܺ浽Ķȥ
ʵЩᣬĲ˼˵Щʵûˣ
ȻûӸĲ˼˵ȥ͸ɴ಻˵ˣ£Ĳ˼Ӳʹ۾Ҳɣ


149 ҪǲҪ
Ҳ벻ķӣܹĲ˼̵ʱܹױˮΨһľֻܰԼ«ưһ飬ӦЧķˡ
ܲ˵ɣϼڿ죬ǰĵɣϼúܸɾЩطҲһȾ
⵹һʱ֮Ҳ㹻Ļҳճڱˮ棬Ĳ˼̵ܹʱ֮ڿױˮ
ϴԡûʲôҳ⵹ûע⵽ϸڣһʱ֮䣬ɵֹһתϴԡ䡣
ò˸طˮڻҳ£ñˮ붼մ˻ҳŻصϴԡ䡣
û뵽Ĳ˼óˮϴ
һҹˣĲ˼ҲЩ룬ϴһˮټһȵ֮󣬾ȥ
ϴҲˣĲ˼һ䣺æˣ
漴ЦЦմһҳıˮٵĲ˼ǰȻص˵ڿҪ۾ˣҪ飬пӰ쵽һԣǧҪϸˡ
Ĳ˼һĵ˵ͷȴϷʡ
ȥĲ˼ɫһַֻŵĲ˼ùˮȻšˮ·һˮ峺ˮʢڽ׵ϴչƵ֮£һζĲ˿һ˿һı仯
ˮأˮ΢ȶѱˮ顰ͨһϴأͷĲ˼գգ۾ʾĲ˼Ҫϸˡ
Ĳ˼ǿմЩҳʯͷϴֱӾͳϴصĵײǲɵһ̣ʲôǻס
ЦЦ𣬹Ƭִ̣ϴｫˮ˳Ȼ־ٵĲ˼ǰһΣҪĲ˼һЩԣѱˮݵĲ˼ȽϽ
Ǹոϴ˸ˮ͡һĲ˼ȻűˮӴ˸磬ɽĭӣҲ˲ϡ
磬Ĳ˼Ҳϵĭӵ˺˵һΪֵϼǧأߺߡ֪ˣҡ
˵㡭ģⲻʶ˻û˵ˡۣʲôģ
޻˵ˣ㳤ʶ벻ôˣɣ񡷣㿴û֮ʣֻĸĲ˼͡
Ĳ˼ͷʲôϵ
ǲǵãһдһڣ˵мգˮ͡
Ĳ˼ȻǵãǸ˵ǼСˮ顱
ˮ顭һ£Ĳ˼ͻȻ֮Ǳȵβ͵èһ
й֮Ĳ˼һ֣ｫ鿴һҲûУմҳġʯͷ˹顰ʯͷϸϸĲ鿴
Ĳ˼֪ˮ顱ֻǳЩõС˵ˣʵ֮Уɴû˵ıʯͷľǴ˵еġˮ顱ĻԼ˵֮веġˮ顱͸Ļǻ˭죬ľۻעĿ˭ܹǰԼ棡
ãĲ˼Ų˵Ǳˮ飿
ÿɷĲ˼΢΢ƫƫԴʾĲ˼ԼٰѱˮӽϴȻʲôˡ
Ĳ˼΢΢˵ͷ潫ˮٴӽϴӱˮʱ򣬿ɾͱ˹ĶˣһСģ⻬ϴؾͻѱˮš
ˮˮϴصĵײĲ˼û̾ȥ̱ˮȻǱ۾˫ֺʲдʵص
Ĳ˼ʲôö֪һĲ˼ǻͽһϵģǾúǿЦ
һֶӣĲ˼ۣǰ˸ʮ֣Żָˮｫǿűˮ˳ȻһξٵǰϸϸĿ
ˮǺģ濴ˮʪĺۼմŵĻҳֻ䣬ⲻˮϴģĲ˼ָġ
Ȼǡˮ顱Ǵ˵еıˮ飬ˮˮˮųģԼŵģϴͨϴأԼҲϴˮϴأЩм٣ˮϵĻҳˮϴָȴԲм٣˵ˮ飬ģ
Ǳˮ顭Ǳˮ顭Ĳ˼һϲ񣬼ýˮˣһֽ§סž˸ǡ
Ĳ˼һ£ȴûжټΪ֪Ĳ˼ǣΪԼΪҲǡǡΪĲ˼ΪĲ˼ԼϣŲжټ
οԼţЩľĲ˼촽ûʲôо
һϲ֮Ĳ˼侲һ侲Ĳ˼ߺͷһҲңղŵΪʵѾĲ˼ԼĲ˼ԼҲ֪Ϊʲôȥ§һڣˣ
ãͲЩǵ˵ˮ飬øӦϲ˰ɣ
Ĳ˼Դ˵ֻͷ
ȡһȻ˵Ǯҿǰ˵˵ģһǧҿǲġ
һ˵ǮĲ˼ִ֮лصпᡱʵ΢΢̧ͷĵضʵ㵽ҪǮ
šһ˵Ҳˣ˱ˣǧǧҶģҪôǧ򡭡
û˵꣬Ĳ˼һĲ˼űˮȻ󣬵ܸһǧҲ͵ˣҪ֪һʮµģÿ²ʳͣױƷѼԼ㻨ǮȫҲҪһܻ壬˭֪һ죬˼ҲǧŻѱˮԼ۳һʮ׸ʣµģԼҪòܻ壿
ǡпᡱʵ
⡰пᡱʵǰĲ˼һθоԼΪԼ̫СˣСҲһ仰Լ͵ýʳĹ߰꣬ʮ꣬пʮ꣡
ôпᡱ飬Ĳ˼ǰΣҲ뵽
ҪǲҪ
ƫƫʱĲ˼ɫ仯Ҳ֪Ĳ˼ҵ˼붷Ҳ͵һЦתϴԡ䣬صǰ
Ĳ˼űˮ飬ɫľȻһţҪǼʱ䲻ٳȥִŵĺһǮһ̣һʱ䲻ҲͺܿĹȥˡ
һ룬ǲҪ˰ɣҪԼϻһʮ򣬴ˣţȥһʮĶ͹ȥʡʮʱ䣬ԼҪؤһӡ
һ룬ϾˣһеģҲɫ⣬û˾ŵ㣬ҲῪţʹţһҼҵȥңǵöʱ䣬˵ܲҵ⣬ϲģ˭Ҳұ֤ǣ˷ʱ䣬ҲϲĶʱԼҪֿտգֿտյȥμӾۻᣬԼ澡ʧ
Ҫ˰ɡҪҪҪ
Ĳ˼ɫľȻڡҪ͡Ҫ֮ҡڲ̲סЦЦ˵ҪҪɣٸң˯һ
˵ţһԴɳһ۾һȻ΢˯˹ȥ


150 ֻһһ
ܳһʱ伤ҵ˼붷Ĳ˼ջȷҪ
⡰ҪķɲԼֱӸ棬ҪȻԼĵҪΪ߰ʮġؤ
Ĳ˼ãˮԼҪˣֲܹһؤھֻһ·ߣǾǳ˯ˣԼߣԺ󣬾ԼȥǮ
ҪԼǮﶼģˣతϰһٳѡ
Ĳ˼ţ̧Ѿ˯ֿıˮ飬ջҧҧһʮǮпطϣȻվֵš
ǱŵģĲ˼ֵȥţû뵽Ĳ˼֮󣬾ѾˣһûԿףͬѴ򿪡
£ƲĲ˼תͷȥҪԿ׷ģû뵽һתͷȻһԿ׾Լǰһڻء
Կ׵ģһڿԼĲ˼һҽУҲһӶȥ
Ե顱Ĳ˼Ҫ͵͵ߵȥԼҪǮΪ͸࣬ȻվԼǰģ˴סһĲ˼ŵû̱ȥˡ
Ĳ˼һҽУ漴̱ȥҲһ
ȷʵ˯˵ģƫƫ۾֮Ҳ٣οʱΣֻĲ˼û˵ǾͼֱǼžһڵϵü
Ĳ˼һ߶ҲͰˡ
Ĳ˼򶴵ҪƿţԼԼ֪Ĳ˼Ҫ롰úõĲ˼
ԾŵߵĲ˼󣬻ԿóĲ˼ĺױߣרž͵Ĳ˼ͷ
ֻĲ˼һͷΪ顱Ǳŵòˡ
ŵĲ˼Ĳ˼һӾ̱ȥ⵹ԸҲһҪĲ˼иಡʲôģԼŵʹ˷ҪŵĲ˼ʲô񲻳ı
Ĳ˼ڵϣɪɪæĲ˼˵ҲҪģĲǹġ
ֻĲ˼ò׻عһ˵ȴ֡ۡһ˳
˺һĲ˼һ߳һ˵Բ𡭡ҡ
һ˲䣬תͷȻɥ˵㲻ۻͷɣϴּ䲻ںôǰܰһΪҪȥûУҪ㣬Կء
ô˵ѣ⻰ֱ©ٳ˿Ҳã˵⻰ǰʾĲ˼Լʲôû룬ûĲ˼Ҫŷȥ롣
Ļ˼Ĳ˼ΪڵĵʱĲ˼ô˵Ĳ˼޷׿ΣңԽ˵Ĳ˼Խѵһʱ䣬Ĳ˼̲ס
ô˵Ĳ˼ֻһĳʱЩ޴롣
һڵϵĲ˼˵˼и飬ٲοο
Ĳ˼ɶڵϣԴ
ôġĲ˼Լ˵ڲμӾۻʱ򣬲кܶ˶Ҫ㾺룬Ҫа취ھۻֻһһ᲻úܡܡܿ֡
һ˵£Ĳ˼ֹͣ˳̧ͷһʵۣĬĬضƬ̣ʵа취ֻһһ𣿡
̾һڣĬ˺һ˵ɣǵɳ˵
Ĳ˼˵ͷһѡ
Ҳ֪Ĳ˼ǲǱŵûڵ϶׵þ˵㣬˫ŷ飬һ˲䣬Ĳ˼վȣһҪᵹȥ
æ뾹ȻһӽĲ˼˸ңһ˫צӣ˲ðĵط
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼һӶסˡ
ƫƫʱһ죬ű򿪣һŮ˽
ǡ
ԭŹţ֪ɫѾ˺þãƫƫɣϼ˸磬ƫƫһţֿ˲ÿĻ棬ƫƫĲ˼Ҳˣңƫƫһ̾ʹҲǷſˡ
Ĳ˼˵æԭȻ졭һ䣬ɣϼǺô뵽
Ҫ˵ɣϼκ˼һʱķӦҲô롣
ʲôҲûƬ̣Ĳ˼ĻҲϽſĲ˼ؿϵ֣һ˵
ɣϼһѪ죬˰Ҳ֨ãɣϼһԲ˳һϰѣͷʼɨ
æġû뵽û뵽Ĳ˼ɣϼԼľֻæġ
ǰֻҰæģ²ǡһϡû뵽ô͹ˡҲϽֻͣڼм䣬Ľͣ״ΣҺǲ԰
ǰһϣҲֻаϡĲ˼ٴſڣҪ͵ϸһЩһڣŷ֣Ҫ˵ȥ²ô£Ҳô¡
ع֮󣬸ϽֹĲ˼˵ȥԼ˵͸ʲôϰ壬ôҶеοԽͻԽԽԽڣˣˣһúú룬ôֻһһء
ôһ˵Ĳ˼Ҳֻס죬һɣϼһ˫۾Ĳ˼ֻøϽͷȥ
춫ʰһתɣϼ˵ҲãҪȥ̸һ׮⣬ĴС飬ͽˣҪĻҲԲҪÿԵĻҼǮֺܸߵĻ͸Ҵ绰
û˵꣬ԼֻϾͱˤˣҪţԼĵ绰ﻹܴͨ
΢΢һĿ˵Ҫһ٣ȥɣߣ꣬ȥ䣬ˣż٣㰮զզġ
ϰĴɨɣϼôһ˵žડһϰڵϣתץԼİˤŶ
ɣϼʲôҲû˵ǱӰ߼΢΢ĳ鴤һ£ԵĿɣϼס̧ڲӦڲɡ
һ³ԼͶɣϼһ£ɣϼģ
龰ûӽͰ˭Լôù
ţĲ˼ȴЩż֪ģѾߵˣԼҪȥͷױһ׺ÿһ·ЩҪٵʱ䣬ȥ϶ٵġ
У˵취쵥ԼⷨӵôģҲûü˵Ĳ˼ż
ǡĲ˼֪ԼҪô˵Ҫ˵ʲôҲֻҪһȥˣȥʱˡ
عһ˵һɣȥϴȻһȥ
ҪһȥĲ˼ЩԾ˵Ҫȥ̸һôҪԼһȥ˵ԼһԼǡ
תͷޱ˵ҪֻһˣҲȥҲԣҲкܶҪ
㡭ȥԼȻû˲ٵӣܹ쵥ֻԼһˣĲ˼Ǻġ
ÿ㣬ΪĲ˼һģ͵ķɵˡߡ


151 
ϴϣֻһ·ȻϴЩɫУų
İĲ˼Žţżǲ
ʲôĲ˼˼һãĿĲ˼
Ĳ˼ʹ˶ţ˵˼Ҷ˵Ǯ˶й񱣬벻ĹǡǴ
һĲ˼ʵ̲סüͷβμӾۻģɶǼƷλˣʹӣҪԼĨڣ
׹ԭĲ˼˵Լ̫һ𣬸ǰ̧ͷ
һӺЩǮˣһʱ֮Ҳû뵽ҪǮԼϣֻҪܹԵñůԼҲͲرȥ
ǰ̸ҵʱԵĶʣвˣҲǾЩǹˡ
˵ԼһǮһҲرҪ·װԼ£Լû뵽ȥҲûʱȥ롣
ǣôͣĲ˼ز⣬üͷ죬ʱĹĵĵһۡ
ЦţҡҡͷȥĲ˼ͣԼΪʲô·ͲˣҲٸȥ
ٳţɣϼڵϵϰѣȥҪϰѼŻصϰѵĵطȴͻȻסһɫʱҲϲ
ԭĲ˼Ū˵ӵդ˵ϣƣӦɣϼϵصʱΪǶ˵һ˫ӣûľҪӵֻǺ˵Ҫż٣ɣϼְģܲ˵ģϰѾߣûһդӽͰ
ʱҲֻæڸɣϼʲôģԸûע⵽һդȻᱻϰš
ϲǣǰԼ˼⣬Ҳӵġʲôģֵ׷ģڣˣӵġĲ˼Ūˣͨ΢һЩդ
ϸһդֶͷЩ֣һĿӣľͷģӣԿó˿˿ľƣͷӵĵطһ㲻ʲô쳣
դԵú֣˶ϿڴƽǱѵ֮⣬ϿڴһΪϸ΢··Ȼһġһһͷ˿ڶƳɵġ·
·ߣȴһȦȦ·΢ֺһЩҲǼΪΧκһȱڡ
ֻͷϵĶϿڣһС֦ĶϿڣ衢֡ƤΪ
һ˵ֲľֱǣ裬ҲǡġҲ²ǸƵĵ㣬ֲľʲγɲ㣬Ͼָġ֡Ҳֲÿһ꣬ľʲγɲͻγһȦ
ֲֵȦͬԲƣӣܳΪΪһƵüΪƣһȦƤ
̫ˣ
һ̣Ӷʣʲô֣ôӵ֣
Ĳ˼ڵϣդĳ̲ס˵㲻мһĶͰϵɿõĹɡҶˡ
ع˳ֽդ¶ЦЦ˵ɱ˵һȺãܰôš
Ĳ˼һüͷҧ촽ŽţǴݷＷ֣ҵģǲǡ
ٺһЦ߰ɡٲߣ͸ϲˡ
ţ統̣ϵѾʼԵЩӵʱǲˡ
˳ϼͷ㣬Ĳ˼ʱҲ᲻ø
ԼҪȥͷױ·ʲôģкöҪൢһӶǲԵİ
𼱻ǵ˳ĲңĲ˼ļԵú壬Ĳҵļ˲٣ģȴôͥ䣬ʵЩ⣬Ĳ˼ļ˶ȥˣ
һţʱЩζ
ҲһĲңǴηһ״ﲻôʹ죬ⲻҪҪڣԼĲ˼һΪȴܹǸĲ˼һ졣
ԼĳͶͱԼʲô˵ҲͰˣƨƨߵΪ˵ദ߾ȫĴᣬƤã
˭ҲԸ˲
ĲҵļӶˣĲ˼𼱻ǵĻԭϣʱϲ⣬ֻҪǰЩʲôȴĲ˼Ķؾˡ
Լæأûʱϸ͡
Ĳ˼ڿһ£Լȴܵ¥ϷҪȥϴˡ
Щǣ·ϣĲ˼һӶԼԼҲΪĲ˼𼱻ǵĸϻϴͷ·ȻקȥμӾۻᡣ
룬Ĳ˼ԼķȥˣȻͬʯһ㣬ðҲ
ԼȵЩˣ̲סһһӣȥһ£ػ˵ڴ磡
Ůˡ
һڿӶһ裬ŵϣЩ߶⺢ӣҲ֪ôģһȥһҹҶأ㿴㡢硢塢æá
һ⻰˹ϣĲ˼ųӣ˽ͨ¹ʣȴһˣһҲͰˣƣֱڣĲ˼绰˸˴
Ĳ˼֪ԼáܡˣĲ˼ͷβûĲ˼Ҳֻ뵽Ĳ˼һֱڡܡȴû뵽Ĳ˼ûܣǸһ𣬹˴ϡ
ֻĲ˼ˣֲˣĲҷĴ£ĲҵȻ㳲ȫȥѰĲ˼ȥˡֲãģĲԵô塣
׹ԭίǺǺЦȴֲҸλȥ˵ʲôû׼һ죬Ĳ˵ĲɣʱֻֻƺҲϴ塣
Ĳ˼磬¶Լɲȥˣϻʹأ
ԣ豭ĺ˲裬ͬʱĴĦţҪôáĲ˼ֵĹһ죿
¶ǰҲֻиţΪãֻڱˮ£ǣµҪôȥᾭǳϸڣȴһƬãȻû£ȻҲͲ֪Ӻ
˼ȥʼջ벻ơİ취òҧҧ룬¶ԼҲֻܽ߾ȫȥӱˮ£ôȥֻܵʱһһӦ䡣
ܹܲĲ˼ദһ죬ֻ˵Ĳ˼컯
ıˣ죡
Ҫ춼Ĳ˼˭ʲô취
ϣ΢һЩ̧ͷǽϵĵӹӣⶼʮˣĲ˼Ȼڴ磬һ˼ҲûС
̲סֹһҿŮΪüݣҲòšݡزɣһСʱˡ
ֹ꣬һͣϰԵҪ͵绰˲ϣԼĵ绰ѾˤˣԼûһֻûȥʱֻ͡
ȴǰڶդ
һդӿͷ
ƫƫʱĲ˼Ǵ׵ˣһ¥
һ֮Ĳ˼ʱ۾ֱˣ˵Ĳ˼ֻݣޡ
ֻӦУ˼ѵüľޣ


152 
ϸͺΪ˵Ĳ˼ͱһ£һ˷ܵĽ
һڼϣأҲһ
תͷŷ֣ԭԼļͷˣȻԼĲ˼֮ȥݷõ
عͷʱ֣Цʲôģô񣬶˺ü
һ̧ۿͬ·Ĳ˼ʱüЦֲãǺǡֲáŮʮ˱˰
ԸǺǡЦͣĲ˼糺һߵĽһүү
Цһ˵ѾͷҪȥμӷҵǸۻɣ
Ĳ˼һֽߵ˵ǰүүǶҪٵˡ
һֱϷſ̲סЩߴٵ˼
ЦЦɣɡҾͲѾͷˣҲҪȥɣм仰Ҫ˵˵
һЦһ¡
Ĳ˼һҪ˵£ʱ潹Ž˵үүҪҶˡ
ô˵ҪһȥȻ򣬵漴תͷ˿̲ס΢΢üͷ
üͷԭͬҲΪŵһϴЩɫУ
ǲĴţĲ˼˶˵ʵͭǣ˵У˵Ǹ̳Ĳ˼վһֻá䡱Ҫ˵Ĳ˼Բᡣ
üͷԭҲ㲻ΪʲôȥμľۻᣬᴩӦʲôԭɣ
˼ЦЦ˵ϣֻȥ˼æģǸۻᣬˡ
˵ţ˿Ĳ˼̲סͷȥ
˼ĵ˵ͷĲѾͷЩϲųֺǿȥμӾۻᣬҲаɡ
΢΢̾һ˵Щ£Ҳö˵ӣЩ̣Ĳ˼ȥһСһˣŪ
£ȥĲ˼ĽתͷȵĶ˵м飬ڱø˵˵
û˵꣬Ĳ˼ٴν˵үүʲô´˵ҡĺܸʱ䡭
ʱĲ˼ּȻ˴ӻصҵڣϴͻһСʱ˷һСʱ֮ʱˡ
ֻЦЦ˵⼸ҪһԶŶȥ
ղشңһʦʱʱڵѣгԲ׼ĶҲȥһۡ
ȻֻҪ˳ǲٵģôںǵѣֲƣЩϡŹֵĶ
ҪöŻ˵
Ĳ˼̲סֲ˵үү㲻˵ҪҲȥɣȥԣҲааȥ׬ĳүүǮ
ǺǡѾͷЦ˵ڿ˵ҪæȥμӸۻᣬʲôæҪﰡ㼱á
ûڣĲ˼˵˵а취Ǹ졭졭
Ǹ쵥Ĳ˼һ죬⻰Ĳ˼˵Ҳ˵ˣҪ棬˵Ļˣ
ԣ˵Ĳ˼һԴĵȥ
˵ҲղذߣһֱĬŵͻȻʵ
Ĳ˼ͷû
һ˵˼ܰģʵҲ࣬ɣڣֻǶƬȻһ˵ס˵ҪģһЩ⣬һҪ˵ⶫңڸҴ̼ǮϽ֮󣬾öŷȻڼ
Ĳ˼̧ͷЩɵ˵֮ͻ𣿡
ܲһΨһĻᣬ򣬾ҸŹȥҲ޼£԰ɣЩε˵
˵÷Сӵһ죿ǲĿĲ˼
Ĳ˼ϾҪʳѪƵģͷȴĻҪϢȥԼٸϹȥǳ˵㣬ҲľòŸԼȥˣȥҲûá
յţ̾͸Ϲ㲻ܰѱˮ͸һٷؾۻᣬҲһ¡
ҪңܹԼһ죬۰Ͱ͵ĿԼһ橶ȥȻԼҪģҲõĽ
Ĳ˼һһҧƴԼٵʮӵӣͺãһʮ֮ԼڶȥӦҲٵ
ϣĲ˼̴ϵȡְֻѱˮ˳ڲ輸ɽȻʼգдš
пĲ˼ǱˮȴûȥҪԣɻĲ˼ŵġ
ֻһĲ˼ˮڲ輸ϣʱԳһɻ
ӣҪ͸СӵĶǾôһʯͷ
ῪЦɣ
ʣЦЦ˵һſԱˮӣ˼Ҫ͸
ˮ顭̲סغһãŴʾ䣬ʵ˵ѾͷҪ͸Сӣ
޿κε˵ûˣ˼˵Ҫ͸
ֱʱ֪Ĳ˼ҪҪĶҪһǼһԭշ֪ǼһաôƽǼһշԲģ˵ûʲô塣
仰֮䣬Ĳ˼Ѿ˵ģĺƬְҪ˵ȵȫãָֻͷȥϢͷԷͳȥˡ
ֻĲ˼ֻҧĥĥģ˺þã¶˾ģؽָͷ£Ĳ˼ֵ
֪Ĳ˼Ҫˮ飬һˣ˰Σ̾һ
ˮⶫǿ֪һЩҲ٣ǣģӣп֪ܲˮļֵҲ˵¶ĲСѾͷп˸©
ǣĲСѾͷԼ֮ѵŮҲԼ֮ˮģĲ˼Ѿ˵Ҫˣۼ۸Ǹ߻ǵͣǶ໹٣Ѿٶ˵
ڿŴתĲ˼ҲֻпЦҡҡͷշСӻ᲻ûаգܹĲ˼ģҲֻЩˡ
Ƭ̣תͷʵǰ˵Ҫ˵ģʲô£
ӳ˼ﾪѹǿЦЦ˵°ģ⻰˵Ҳǰ죬Ҹһصֵܴ绰죬̸֪֮һǼֵ飬Ϊ£ֵʳѰˣ˵˵ţҰıӺ¸©˳ֵ˵ҸӸȥϵ飬ֵҲ˵ˣ벻ɣֻҪԸ򡭡
˶٣˵ҪǽҳˣֻС˼ʱͿԷһⲻ⼸˵һ£æ⣬һҪϳľϵһЩȻߣû뵽ɣ㡭


153 Ƥ飨1
ȥֵܰһæ
˵ʵֵܹʳѰļ飬˭ö룬ֵ֪ĳ̶ȣ±Ĳ˼ƼӻҪ֡
ʣԼܰ
˵ͷ˵ҲˣȥȷЩΣգϸҲ˵ˣȫһר㣬뵽ģܲܰﵽæҲֻ˵ıˣˣ
ۡ۳ɲɣ򣬻ר˸ڡĲ˼ϸ磬Ȼ̲ס
ɲɶ򣬻ڣҪ˵Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ǸҲûܹĴȻĲ˼˵ıӺҲûѡӺ顱һԼıҲ鰡ɴû˾ʲôر𰡡
Ĳ˼С֣ЦЦ˵Ѿͷɲ˵㣬ƾⳬ˵ıӣĳɾͣͭ˵»ܼǺǡҪǸ
ĻҲ˵ˣܶ飬̫¶ۣҲǼ¡
ֻĲ˼һ˵ͭǶܼʱˣ˵ߺߡүүãֲͭһˣĲ˵ѵΰȲ
ΰ֪Ĳ˼ƴҪͽ˭ˡ
˵ΰҲͬУһ꼶
˵ΰǮǮȻΰ˲ðװ׾ĺ˧ǺвգѧУΰУУݵľе
ҲʶΰģΪ״ΰ˸մϱߣҲûȥע⣬ʶΰҲһϣΪΰ̨ձݣЩӡ
һ뵽ǵ䣬ԭһ˿˿ϣģڻԼģֻǾ
ðɣϣʵڰﲻʲôֻҪϲҶϵ棬æȥ֮£˳ھͰȥϸ飬Ӧ
˵ˣǼֻ˵ıˣ죬벻ɣͺá֪ô£ЩصĴ
Ƭ̣˵ȻѾӦҾ͸˵һɸ˹㡣
ĬȻĵ˵ͷǰһжӦ
Ӧȴû˵ֵȥĵǼʲô£Ҳʲô˵ľӦĲ˼̲סֽеүүǼµǼʲô°
΢΢һ漴ЦЦ˵Ҳûʲôر£ǵҰȥ䣬ҰһǺǡ
Ĳ˼˵ôɣô˵ˣȴ˿˿þɲɶã֮󣬰ͻҪһҲ˵춫õĻһǧĽʣҲ˵ר˱Ǯ׬ӵ飬ΪʲôǷΰȥҪ䵽ͷء
үүƫ˰ɣ
Ĳ˼ô룬ȴֻǰ̾˼ʲôҲ˵ˡ
˼һھ³֮󣬳ͻǮľôãԼҲֻĲ˼ŻЩ¡
Ĳ˼ĲǺǵЦСѾͷƬӡô۶Ǻǡ
ʲôáĲ˼죬ֹ˵ΰ֣һأĺ£˼ȴֻչ
ǺǡЦЦ⻹ǸйأӺã˼õţСأʲô˵ͷ飬һȥʮܻܲص˭Ҳû׼УҪȥСӵѧҵҪ˵СӼҵĴ˲ɣѾͷʱҵҵ鷳԰ɡǺǡ
ЩĲ˼ţ˵ܵ󷽼ΰѧҵһ㣬Ĳ˼Ϊͬ
Ͼȥһǧ˰ȴûʲôλǮҲֻһΰѧϰˣѧ˴ѧоʿ˶ʿѧǶǰ̰һξܹǧ˰۶꣬ҲֻǸ
ЩĲ˼תϲ
ø˵飬Ѿ˵ˣ˸˵ϸ飬ǾͰˣ죬Ǿͻ㡭˶ЦĲϵܴ绰Ҫҹȵȵȣʹò˼ӾͻôˣҲӰһøϳء
ϣæ𣬻жʱ䣿ͻȻ䣬ʵ
Ŷ˿ǽϵĵӹӣ΢΢һ˵һСʱʱ䣬㻹£
Сʱ΢΢һ£˵ϣ˼û˵ֺܹ֣
ֺܹ֡߶仰׽˼
˺һ˵Ҫ˵ľֹģȷҼǵôһ£һ꣬һλľֱҲͲʮ֣ľģȻУжϡ֮ڶܼǵǶλľΪǶλľ֡
˵£Ĳ˼ˣһ֧˶䣬Ͼ˶ЩϡŹֵĹ£вٵĺġ
һڲ裬Իζһ²ζȻż˵Ƕλľ֣֡8ľĽϣ֣ͷֳ֣ÿһֶֻΧһҲ˵һλľֻһģȴ֡
Ĳ˼һ˫۾˵ôỹ£֪ģһֻһְôһĹ£Ƕλľ˾ɣ
ǺǵЦѾͷ˷СӣģԹӶװЩʲô
Ĳ˼죬ֹ˵Ҳ룬ҿɱңҰ
еȥˣϽ⣬ʵϣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ЦЦʵʱҲ̫ˣ֪ԭǿŻĻ£ΪΪ飬Բųġ
ô°Ĳ˼һʵ
ЦŽ˵ǿŻ˵ǿΪʱ򣬻СңҲûΪ֪ԭʹһγʮֹ֡
ԭˣĲ˼һظһ
ǺǡЦֻԭ˰ɣ˵ľرǿ˺ˣǿŻľˣ˼Ȥ·ǲЩ𣿡
ͷȷ棬ϣܹļʣ±һǧĴ󽱵ļʻҪͺö౶
Ĳ˼ȴҡͷ˵ľ飬վиʿ㣬ȻܹͣǾûʲôˡ
һҡͷļʣһ˻һӣҲһˣ棿
ҡһͷֲ˵ϣû˵ľ֣ǳ״ģƤȫ뿪ġ
һûܹ˼Ͼûһʱ֮Ҳ󲻳˵ֵģ
һʱ֮䲻΢΢ĳ˼Ƭ̣´óһդϿڴݸ˵ϣġ
һóԼŪ˵դĲ˼мƲƲ죬˵һӶդô죬һΪʲô˲õġ
Ĳ˼мһͨӻһأȻˢᣬȴԵúǴֲڵġӡһӾȤ
ղشңǼʦΪһʦõķҲҽһšʡСĸ֡
ġǿı棬𴦵ȵȵط֣ȷ̶ȣԼȷʵء
Ȼܡһ۾֪ЩϸڵģҲֻġʦõ
ֻ˺һϵɫûˣ粻ֻ⡰ҲС


154 Ƥ飨2
˵ĶϿڴ֡ԼƤԵüΪ֮⣬ģͬҲãְСŵӵ£ᡣ
װӵդȻٲ˴һζһŵζɵüͷ
⡰šԼıҲȲ̧ͷûŵʲôȽصζ
һ⡱ԼһֱѿüһЩ巢Ϣ˵Լıر飬ܹŵÿһζе˶ѾǱʶﶼ϶ԼġԼΪ
ǣһʣԼҪ˵Լġ̾Ҫ·
ɿתһ£Ȼ䣬һ͡һ磬ʹ˳
ðˣǹеʵ
Ŷæһϣûô˯áϽ˵
˵ͷ΢Щע⣬ܴܴӰ죬˼ŲʲôζҲͲϡˡ
šʡСֶζôõˣ̾һڣ˵һʱ֮䣬ҲʲôЩߣܹһһľʽṹʲôģܹ֪⵽һʲôƷ֡
ˣĲ˼˵ܲܰǼҵĵá
Ĳ˼Ҳû룬תͷе衭裬Ҫѵ
պþ裬Ӧһתȥõ
ȴæȰⶫأӦڼΪһ֦ǺҵľŪˣֵɾǷŸɱµ
Ҳû룬ЦЦ˵Ǹľ𣿾ͷϣһΣŴȥ飬˵ֵٺ٣ôһСľֵǮֵǮ
ѣΪͣһֵܹǮģ˭Ūһ𣬶ңԽֵǮĶͻԽǱˡ
ȻֻΪ˺棬ǮȴôأһôǮˣٱֻǮĸ׽
˵䣬̶һѲ˵Ĳ˼ʲôȱΨ⵶֮ģҲͽֻгУԣģֻв˵
ӹ˵΢΢һ£Ҫդ־׼һ
æֹ˵Ҫֻȥһ£һҲ͹ˣ̫ˣⶫҲ͸ˡ
ǸľԼ֮һء
˵ֻһȥ飬ò˶٣ͷϣͷӵ֮һľмͲˡ
˵ͷСŲ˵˵ģȻˣȥ
ľӲȲ󣬵ǼΪʵһȥҲͽһӡ
һȻûܹҪľмɵ΢΢һ㶣׼ԭĵۣһȥ
û뵽һǵǻľͷϵľмæһ𶯡Ͽͣ֡
һʱǲ죬ɵЩ͵ʵϡôô¡
ƽʱϲŭɫʱʵѣǱûһľм֪ӵդʲôľͷ֦һּΪĶ
Ǻ˺ü˵ⶫⶫ̫̫ˣղһһôû뵽أ͡͡
Ĳ˼̲ס˵үүʲô㣬ôͼ
ҲǾĿļʶʲôû
òƽһЩ˵ٸǽһ£Ǿ֪ʲôˡ
һ˵Ҫ£˾Ҫ˵ģ϶£ӦþǷǳȤ飬԰ڳһϴļƣ
Ĳ˼ﵹǾã˵Щ£ҪЩɽҰ֣֮ģǾٺòˡ
ʵǼ򵥣ǰһʱͭһҲǾ˵Ҫ֮̾أоһľ̾ܳһʱ䣬˵ľʱΪӴͬΧʮ򣬶ĹϽ֮¡
ݴ˵ľ̾ͭһʱѹ䱦з磬ƱˣȻͻۺ֮ˣΪ׵סԼĲƱ뵽һ취ЩܹɽΪѰ˸ܵĵطأȻеĲƱ档
Щܹɽ棬һ֣Ĺ֪飬붼кõ³ǣһ߸صͬʱһ߽رĵص㣬еĻܵһͼֽϣҲǳ˵ġرͼ
رͼĲ˼һʧ˳ӵӰڡرͼڣǼܶˣ˭Ҳ벻ʵȻ飡
ЦЦ˵׿սԼݲرͼϸڲ˵Ҷ֪Ȼһر֮ȻǼΪϸҪµ̲飬ҪΪϸαװ
˵Ǹ֣Ĺݲرͼܹ̲飬ǲʾͱαװ޷죬˵Һ֣Ĺԭһֽĸ֣ܹһֺ񱡿ͷ˿ֽų
ԭˡĲ˼׹ԭԼΪ·ľͷդֻһֽ
Ƭֲ̣ʵѵ⡮ƤҲһֽ
ЦЦ˵⵹ǣ㣬ȻһֽͬҲǾرĶƤ
رĶƤʡ
ͷ˵һּΪƤ֮󣬿Դﵽ겻ḯãǷ紵ɹˮܣҲ˿Ρ
Ƥٴξ
ƽԼҲԹٵ㣬Ƥܹ·ƤƷЩ֪ģܹﵽ겻ḯ࣬Σɻǵһ˵
Ĳ˼һ˵ⶫȻһŲرͼʱ͵˵ǲرͼˣ졭죬ǾȥѰòã
˭֪ǺǵЦЦ˵ѾͷҪ˵죬¸£ܴܲŲرͼ˵һء
򲻿Ĳ˼ʧʵ
Ҳ˵򲻿Цż˵ͷ˿ֽţ⾭ḻĻ迪ʦҲҵģҪ֪ڿʱֻҪһȣ΢΢һҲŻ͸ˡ
ǺǡЦһ˵Ǹ֣ʦŲرͼҪ͸ʲôˣ˲ʶ֮⣬䵽ȻҲͲ׵˴򿪣ԣҲ룬֪رͼĹշⶫҲûʲôãҪôʹ򲻿Ҫôֻܻٵ
Ĳ˼ͷ˵ԭһΪܹ̾򿪡
˵¸ܹŲرͼҲǻԵɺˣǺǡЦ꣬豭һڲ裬ֲ˵ⶫ㻹Լúõţȥһ£ҵ˻Ὺ⻭ˣ㡭
ҲֻˡĴ


155 Ҫǧ
ԱͼԼȥѰʲôأʮģѰ̽գмվԲ˵ˣ㲻ã˻ƴѪսҲеģԼڵͺȥμЩ顣
˵رͼбӦţȴ룬Ȼ֪һԼɱ֮ĶҸᣬȥ˼ҶҪǮˡ
ʱǽϵĵӹӣʾʱѾʮһˣǰΪ飬ֽ£Ĳ˼һЩע
ڣҲ˵ˣһֱ׵ɻҲҿˣĲ˼ֽԼ趨ʮӣѾȥӣǣΰӰҲûţһǲˣ
һ뵽ΰĲ˼Ҫ޳ʲôⰡҪģԼѾھۻֳˡ
ԼƯƯģɻڼţǵġ
ԼΪʲôҪİ
Ĳ˼죬סĽԼһ˫ָļƻƲˣԼֻܴϸۻᣬǣֲ֪ԼǸô͹ȥ
Ҫˮָأɲһǧ¶ֻǽһǧ򣬾ϰҲһٳǣ˵ˣûǧˮ飬ǧ򣡲Ҫ˵һٳ㰤һٴϰҲû
ϰ費ǮⶫͲԼģԼģȥ͸Ҳʹ°
ԣĲ˼ҲǣҲǣҲǣǡ
ƫƫĲ˼ΪѣʧݵʱүүĲԶɽ˽Ǵ˽
һܻӣʣ϶ǳȥѰҡݡʧ˵Ĳ˼ġ
ӦĲҵӶ˸Ĳ۴˵绰ڣĲ˼ĻؼˣңڼҪȥμӾۻᣬҲ˵Ĳ˼ûܵʲô˺ʹһҲûҡ
ֻҪĲ˼ڻص˼ȱĻģ˵Ĳ˼ûʲô£Ȼûʲô¶ҲֻǽѵѵȥѰĲ˼ˣææԼ£ڽѵĲ˼͵æԼ飬ٽѵҲ٣ԣĲ۵ȵȣͷµˣȥæԼ¡
ĲԶɽͲһˣʹ绰Ҫһ㶫ǰĲԶɽæҲûϸ˵ԼΪʲôûڼң֪Ĳ˼ѾصˣټҪöĲԶɽͲòææ
ĲԶɽǻˣȴǴģ

Ĳ˼ѾͷҲСˣ˽ͨ¹ʣĲͭǵĵλȫζѾͷģҲʲô£Ѿͷ绰һܣһϣⲻָžҪüһ
ԣĲԶɽ˼Ѿͷôô£
֮УĲԶɽйУѾͷһһϣûб꣬Ҫ֪Ĳ˼ҲСˣҪǱôˣĲͭǣɾǰˡ
ΪİЩ£ĲԶɽڵһʱŪ˽
˼ѾͷڸʲôкҲ˲øĲԶɽһͳĲ˼ȵ
Ĳ˼ϰ֣裬ĲңĲ˼˭Ҳ£ˣүүĲԶɽĲ˼磡
һĲԶɽԼĲ˼һЩ񣬵ԴֹŴûʲôûʲô£үүôװ
ĲԶɽʮ㣬վĲԶɽЦǺǵ˵ôˣô˼ѾͷȥμӸۻⲻͦõ𣬸﷢ôĻ𣿡
ĲԶɽĲ˼һϲؼңüＦɹ˵һתԼļ£οйϵĲ˼֮£ʹֵܣ⻰Ҳóڡ
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һתͷĲ˼ϣ˽ͨ¹ʣ
Ĳ˼ͷˮֱתðΣҧ촽΢΢˵ͷ
㿴㿴ĲԶɽڵ÷˺죬ָĲ˼ü˵ðβʹļ׵˵˾ͳˣһ绰ʲô鶼ˣ㻹ܣ㻹㣬ʲô
Ĳүүʱվ˵Ĳүү¶˼дܣǵŰżѣһż˸绰
ϣĲ˼֮£Ҳ˽ʲôԽԽڣʱҲ˵壬µͷһĲ˼Ƿֲվ˳Ĳ˼˵
ֻҪĲԶɽվ˵ģһѧ̲ס̫ķʡ
Ͻ˵ֵܣλҵһ֮ǰһǼˣϱµʧãһЩء
㡭ĲԶɽڻǺˣʲôˣĲԶɽҲô⣬಻ֻһλˡԼѵĲ˼Ӧûϵ
򵥵ģѸ˵ģ˵ˣ˵ĻĻ̽ԼĶӣǰǰ˵˺üӣŰٵ˵˳
ĩˣ˵Ĳүү˼Ĵ棬ĽúܣˣǼҶˣҪٵȥܻġ
˵꣬ĲԶɽǵ˵ͷ˵ԭ˼Ѿͷ˵ģ㣬Ĳңһˡ
˵Ĳүү⻰˵ãҸ˼ͬѧҲӦõġ
ĲԶɽЦЦ˵ССӣⷬػǺǡϲϲ
ĲԶɽɫڻĲ˼мĿһۣȻ˵үүʱ쵽ˣҵˡ
ȥȥɣĿĵǺǡĲԶɽЦţ˻֡
ȥôȥҪҪأ
Ĳ˼ԥţĲԶɽЦЦ˵Ѿͷû㻨Ǯ˰ɣ裬ôô٣һ¾͸ôһ㻨ǮڵСӣǵ㻨ǮĶṻүүﻹʮȥŻٸ˵˵Ǳ̫٣ǮΪɶǾΪǡ
һĲԶɽҪǮĲ˼ʱϲüңߵĲԶɽǰҡĲԶɽ֣Ž˵үүҾ֪˼ˣǮүүԸŻɣ㻨ǮС
ĲԶɽüЦġǺǡЦ˺һ󣬲˵Ѿͷû㡭
˭֪Ĳ˼ĲԶɽ˵ֽ꣬˵Ҳ֪үүˣǣүүҿһ͵ûôǮҾүүһǮ
˵أүүֲҪүү裬ѾͷĶ࣬Ǻǡ˵ɣҪǮĲԶɽʵ
šĲ˼ԹɫĲԶɽ⣬˵Ҫǧ򡭡
ǧ򡭡ĲԶɽһһ
ĲԶɽԾǣƽӵ㻨Ǯÿ¶ϰ˾޶ġ㻨ǮҲͰˣϾܴǮվҪǵġ
ڣĲ˼Ҫģǡǧ򡱣ɲһСĿ˵ǧĲ˼ȴġ
ҪôصʲôǵҪǧ


156 ħ1
ֱʱ׹ԭűˮ飬Ĳ˼ֻǧǾ޽е䰡ǧҪ˱ˣһļ۸񣬿Ҳ޷򵽡
Ծ֮࣬ͬʱҲϧ䰡ֻǧ
Ǳˮ顭Ĳ˼ĻشĲԶɽ
Ǳˮ顭˲䣬ĲԶɽԴת˺üתˮ飬Ǵ˵֮вŻеĶĲ˼ôȥˮ͸˼ңˮʲôġ
΢΢һĲԶɽãĲ˼ѾͷǱƭˣʲôЦ˵Լû˵ʵ֮бˮĶƭĲ˼һǴǶģ˵ҪǱˮ飬ǧ򶼣Ҫбˮ飬ֻҪҿǧҾ͡ҾһҸڣ
ĲԶɽ飬Ĳ˼ðΣŴӰｫǿűˮ˳˫ţ͵ĲԶɽǰ˵үү
ĲԶɽֻԵĿһĲ˼ıˮ飬üͷ˵˼ǱƭˣԺضǡ
һתĲԶɽЦǺǡ˼ҪǧҲ԰ѻ˵αһʯͷŪңǺǡүүûۻ軨Ǹز
Ĳ˼ӣĲԶɽͻȻ뵽ͭطÿʯͷƭĲ˼ҪǧˣǲУȻû˸ôǾֻĲ˼ڸԼЦܵԺҿʯͷͷԼҪǮ
ô˵ĲԶɽǲĲ˼ʯͷǴ˵еġˮ顱
ĲԶɽǲţĲ˼ᶼˡ
Ҫǰ죬ǻûüڣʹһááﰡ
һĲ˼΢΢һ漴Ц绨
ڻˣ
ΰһͦİɫװŵһõ壬һһ˳ݵӢΰһУֱûȥȡ
ѧУУУݵżȷǷͬ졣
ΰһȵĽĲԶɽһĲүүáֺ˸кһжԵʮֵ塢󷽣
ֵкʱ򣬷ΰԵüͷΰʶõģȻȻΪҲĲĸӶ˵ĺӣɴɡ
ΰ㻹Ǻܵĸ˸к
ΰһģһݵСˣŸơƿӵ׵۾Ƿΰ壬ˡ
˸ĲԶɽĲ˼кȴֱӾͰ˹ȥ
ˣҲǸ鱦꣬żҲĲԶɽе㽻ˣӦΰ󣬹﷽ΰֳӡġ
ʵϣΪУ԰ķΰյ֮󣬶Ҳͽ˷˵ӣΰԹ鱦ʶҲǵ塣
ǰΰ׼Žľۻᣬû뵽ӵĲ˼ĶϢͷΰҲôõ׼¶ǲĲ˼ٸЦ¸һ˵ȻϷŹκһ׬ǮĻᣬߥŷΰһۡ
˴кΰߵĲ˼ǰȵĽһááƯ
˵ţΰõŵĵݵĲ˼ǰ
һ̣Ĳ˼Ļŭţ̾ͷһߴĽӹΰõ壬Ľһΰ硭
һΰģЩ޵һĲ˼ôһзΰ̲סһ֡
󣬴Ҹֻ˲ˮ˱㵥ֱ˵ĲϣҲˣҹҲ˵мȻλĶҪ֣Ҳһ˲˵һֶܲۡ
ĲԶɽ𣬵ӹ磬ЦЦ˵Сˣľֵܺҵģֻɵ
ŶŶһʵⶫ˭ģʲô
ȷʵ֪˭ģΪĲ˼ΰĶҲû˵ˮģԣǲ֪Ƿ˵֪ʲôǾͺЩαˡ
ǵЦЦָ˵λСֵܵģ˵ǿűˮ顭
λСֵܵģǱˮ飿֪ҪǱˮ飬ǿɲˣĶ˵ɴ۾Щʧʵһ£ڱˮģֻһʴѡ
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һ˵˾⻰˵ȥѾЩʧˣȻĲԶɽڳһ˵£ﲻţԲԱ϶˵ţ
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飬벻ȻŸʯͷƭĲ˼һھǧƾһ㣬ĲԶɽˡʹǲΪȻ
ֻΪǮſڣĲҵȻˣıƣЩˣ
Ҳϻʲôˮ顱ĲԶɽȻҲͬ
ЦЦ˵ûĶҲ˭˵žûǻ£԰ɣڶѾͷϣǲģԱ֪ˣǲǣ
һ̣Ĳ˼ߴǶõ廨ͷʱ͵һ۷ΰȴǿŷΰϣһŹ֡
˶ЩѱˮóŴҵ⻰˶ûʲôӦ
һĪģĲԶɽ̲סֱӽСӣСӡ㲻˵Ǳˮô㵹óŴҵ棬ôҲÿ۽簡
ѹϵĹŹ֣Щε˵ԲĲүүˣҪˮǰɣҪһˮ
ֻҪһˮ⻹򵥣ĲԶɽͷԸȥһˮҪģ
Ӧһֳȥˮ
⵱תͷĲ˼˵˼Ϊ˷ֹʲô⣬ǿӸңʾҿ
ڹ鱦Уһ˵ҪΪСĵģõݣ߽˵ҪݣҲǷҪҲԼִȻٿɻľֱӽӣʲôʧĻֱӽӣǾп˭Ҳ˵嵽˭ɵġ
ڣҪŴҵˮӣȻԼ֡
ΰֽűȽڿ죬Ĳ˼ǰֺڣĲ˼ˮ飬Ҫݸ±Ĳ˼˹ȻҲûһۣͽ
ʱһŵһͰˮ˽


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費Ľ˲輸ϣֿʼﵹˮ
ʹڼҲûټ¡ĲԶɽʱʱľͻЩϡŹֵǼͣҪĹʲôģˣżлһæöˣҲϰˡ
ˮע裬ʱһֻװһ롣
ʱӹǿűˮ飬ɫǹĿŷΰƬ̣ŶԻڽ߲ѵĲ˼˵˼飬ҪٰȥֻԽԽæ
ûɵ˵⻰ʱüͷ⣺ʲô˼
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ĲԶɽҪ˼ѾͷڵҪôճ
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ЩԥҲ˵Ҿ˵Ҫ˵ϸûʲôˮ顯УһСҿڿЦ԰ɣ
˶վĲԶɽ˹˹֣˵ĲϡϣЦǲҪٿȥˣҶ¶æأԲˡ
֮⣬Ĳ˼˵ݵⳡ־磬ԼҲȥˡ
ҪߣΰҲվʿ˵Ĳүүүү˼ЦôҲȫΪңϣλ˼ҲҪֲǡ
˵ţתͷԽ߲ѵĲ˼˵˼ãľۻᣬҽΪ׼ģһȥ
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ŴšٴζĲԶɽ˹˹֣Ҫǡ
˺һ΢΢̾һ˵λҪˮôô뿴ˣ
⺢ӣô˵أǶǴˣԼ飬ҪôԼȥˣǿûʱ㡭
Ļ䣬˾ͳ˵ңﻹŲ𱸡
ĲԶɽҲ˵˼ҪǮ£֮Ҹ˵ɣֻҪĵطҲСˡ
ΰҲ˵߰ɣ˼ۻϾҪʼˡҿɲۻῪʼˣҸҪȴֳ
ͨҲ˵һ仰ֱӰıˮ飬裬ˮ裬һˮˮɢٵˮΣֱڲ輸ϣذϡ
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ĲԶɽϣҲǳ˲ǲмǻɣĲ˼˵ǰĲ˼Ѿͷ鷳ԼҵĶˣµǴͨõģĵڴʲộ
Ҫ֪ͭǣҴĲҵ˵̵ˣǿɶǾԲóѵġ
Щ֮УΨһκαˣֻ
Щ֣ˮ£Ҳ̸ƾܹóһĲرͼ˵пűˮ飬Ҳʲôϡ顣
˵δ൱Ͽң˵ǰǽı֣Ҳóšˮ顱飬ҿʲôЦǣı飬ȴһįΣΪʲôأ
Ҳ᲻Ĳ˼Ϊ£Ͼഺ٣ΪЩһЩʧȥǵҲûпܡ
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£ԼûпԼǹˣŮ˼˵ٷ֮ٵĿ͸ҲӦ֪߰˰ˣοһΰĲ˼ı֣ԸһܺõĴ𰸡
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ĲԶɽ룬ҲǣԼ͵Ŵҵ棬ʲôˮʯİϷʡԼϸǶȥ
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ĲԶɽȴЩŭ⣺ʲôһ־ͻ⣬ҵҪҵļʲôɳߡ
ĲԶɽ˵꣬һҲȥֱۣӾͰһֻ衣
һ̣ͻȻ֮һƺ뵽ʲôһ˿һûһʱ֮ûץסͷ
ԼԼ֮䣬֪ڳ⣬ֻʲôطһʱ֮仹벻ס
ǣĲԶɽӦûģĲԶɽçײһпܻʲô⡣
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ˮˮװ׵ףĲԶɽؾͽǿűˮȡ˳
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ĲԶɽȻۻ軨ˣǿӣʪܵģƬ̣ĲԶɽһ̲ˮ
һȷʲôˮ顣
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ȻĲңȻĲҵţȻŴҵ棬Ц
һ̣ĲԶɽŭɫôʯͷĲ˼ȻҪǧ
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158 ħ3
̾Ϣһҡҡͷڵˣôʲô¶ЦĲϡϣ͸ˡ
Ȼıˮ飬ѾסҲûκˣȻҪǡ
ΰҲԵúǴȣЦЦ˵ѧܣ֪Ҫ˼ãҺܸмлˣֻǾ㲻ЦҲ˼õģǺǡǱæ˼ͲˣԺҪлᣬ׽׽
˵ţΰĲ˼һҪ뿪
ĲԶɽǿĲ˼ϣǿ˵СѣԺͱЩûӰӵǿЦˣǻкܶҪأˣȥɡ
ĲԶɽôһ˵ʱЩȻĲԶɽԼ֮ЩҲס˵飬ɵ㣬ĲԶɽҲ⣬ƽϣܾã²ܾô򵥡
֪鲻ô򵥣Ҳòʲôʵ֤ݣ֤߿
ЦЦ˵ĲүүղţǵȷǸϿ˸Ц˼ϣҲҪкնѣıˮ飬Ҷûóء
һĲ˼˼ڷΰϣԼˮ顱ʲôģûһۣĲ˼Щ£ĥĥ󣬰ҲϷ˼ߡ
ǵģ
һ˵ıˮûóǰһ£ΪʲôֱӾͰѱˮóУӣ뷽ֶûʲôϣʵҪ˵ϣǾǷڲıҪбҪΪʲôҪô
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˼ȥ;Թۣһ鵽׻ʲôĽͣ˵ҲҪ׻᲻ȥԼֵܰǸæ
ĲԶɽΪ춫Ҫһ˼ҵĺӣԼѾضľʹˣû뵽Ȼ˵ոֻΪ˺գûˮó˵ʲô⣬ˣ
⺢ӣǵģ
ֻһгӣ÷˺ͷΰֶʱЩһʱ֮ҪϽȥæԼ顱ɣֲ˼˵ˣıˮ鶼ûóأ˵΢ЦĿԼҪһ֮¾ͻ˻
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ϷΰĻͷ˵ոҪ㿪˸Цڣʲô¶Ѿ׵ˣˣ˵ˣҲˣ棬Ҿ˼ıˮóôҿ
ʲôãҲǸôʱĲ˼ǲԼˮ˳İôԼҪ
ˮģԼۼģȴһĲֵһʯͷԼʲôϵԼƶء
ЦЦȥĲ˼ڵָָĲ˼˵ıˮ飬ĿأɲҪ
һ˵⻰ΰͷֶʱüͷ
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ôôỹĲ˼һӸǲԼһôôԼһ飿
ĲԶɽɲһ黹飬Ȼ˵ıˮ飬ǾԵˡ
ĲԶɽҲûʲôԥֱٴĲ˼ץˮ飬һཡһˮӽ衣
һ̣׹ڱˮ϶ֽţˮ鱻˶ֽţͲˣԼ˵ϸ΢ҲԻûۻ軨ĵزңҲôˣˮ鱻˶ֽţ˭õʲôַԼȻһûܿ
ֻ֣˵Աˮ鶯ֽŵǸ֡
ϸϸһ飬ҲĲԶɽĲ˼ԼԼֶ
Ҳ˵ܶԱˮ鶯ֽŵģҲôˣĲԶɽԼԱˮ鶯ʲôֽţǿԿ϶ġ
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һֱĲ˼ԶӦ˵ˮϻĲ˼ϣ˶лȥֽš
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ˮǱ˶ֽţⲻ͸ģ˱ˮ˵˭ôء
ʾ֭жԱˮ鶯ֽŵ˭ʱĲԶɽٴΰ裬֮Ѿѱˮ
ֻòϸǡˮ顱ʪܵı棬ԼĲԶɽٴλһ̲ˮظеˣһšˮ顱ֻһͨͨĺɫʯͷʱĲ˼ԼҲò˼
Լͼǵãֻһűˮ鰡ôڳţң˼ǣűˮ黹Ǽٵģ
һʪܵνġˮ顱ĲԶɽŭɫֵܣ⵽ô£ҪʲôµĻֱ˵ɣǹϵ˼Ѿͷ뱲ӵҸֵܣʲô˵
ϵǳĲԶɽ֪ˣǾ֪ĹϵҲһٶĺŪҰɡ
ҪǮҪʲôΪĲҶԴһĲҵġˡֻҪѻ˵һжǲ飬αҪʾ֭תĨǵģ
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йϵ⵽ֻ˵⣬йأ
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ĲԶɽŭɫЦЦ˵ĲֵܣȱϻϷأ
㡭ĲԶɽشһ˲ǺָʹʲôϷǼϲģһٶıëͷСӺŪϷÿ𡭡
һϸĴĦ˸𰸣𰸣Բھ˵
ҪģҪȥһεΣǲĹʸȥֵܰǸæ


159 ħ4
ΪѾԱˮ鶯ֽŵ˭ҲͻȻ뵽ıų˵˵趯ֽţ̾ͻ֣ᷢ̾ͻ׷ȥҪرˮ顣
ӽȥҲֻǳò˵ͷûȥעκξٶ
仰˵űˮ飬һĳҪ飬Ҫҳűˮ顣
һ㣬ȻǺЩ˷ų˲ЩϷǼһҲʹ졣
ȥңҪҳȴΪȤ飬Ϊı֣ԼǸֵҪ飬żĹ
˵ȥֵܣܲܳԼƽϣǼٵģҪﲻæᡰ֮䡱Ͱ©˳ȥ
ֻǸʱֻš벻ɣԼҲûôƽϣ˵ҪܰæҲй⡪˵ˣʲôںںԼ
ǡǡҲΪ˵ںԼĲԶɽźƣСӣһζˢԼȴҪԼϷǿʲôϷֱڿԼЦڿĲҵ˵Ц
˾ϼһңĲҼȴһСˣתЦЦ
ĲԶɽȴĲ˼˵˼һš
Ĳ˼Ȼ죬ǻֽȥһ飬ȴҲûʲôˮ飬´ʲôһһŰҲҾøˣҪҵȥø㡭
Ĳ˼ĲԶɽ˵СӦ֪ʲôط֣һΡΣĲҵ˿˼Ѿͷ鷳ķϣʲôƽϣҪһٶĺȥҿɾͻҪΪĲҵ˵ĵˣֵܵ÷ϣ㻹ǰ˰ɣ˼Ѿͷһϡ
Ĳүүһʱ䣬ҲǺĲүүûа㲻Ĳүү˼ûҪʲôˣֻڰ˼
ΰüͷҡҡԴ˵Ⱦ˵ˣ˼ãҺܸм֣ʵǵҵ£ȻҲΪʲôҪҿȷظ㣬ȥֻ䵽˸Ӳܵ³ΪѧҾֻܸһҸ桭
ҲΰɶĲ˼˵˼û˵ѣˮ飬ȷİڣó
Ĳ˼˵ʲôˮ黹ԼİҲԲϾʹȥԼİ
һʱ֮䣬Щ֡
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ͻȻ䣬Ц˵ĲֵܣСһ˵пϡȻУûУûаŪ֮ǰʹСţҪȥ¡Ǻǡ
Ȼٶ˵ȥĲԶɽݺ͵λԭҲӦ뵽Щģ֮£¸˹ȥҲϡ棬һᣬĲԶɽͲòһԼ˵ˡ
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ֻĲԶɽ˵Ļ΢΢ЦЦ
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Ƭ̣ΰſһֱŵĲ˼֣תͷ˵ѧܣĲүүĻҲˣ鵽ϣҲҴˣѧܣǮ˵һ߸Ĳүү˵һ٣ǰ㣬ҲǲУҹƣϢҪҹʲôˮ顯¶˼ãƺõģԲԣĿģȴҪթһʣԲԡ
ҡҡͷôթ㣬ûС
ΰͲĻᣬִ¶һǮҲûж٣ֱĽ£˵ӣ֪ҾôãǮȻ࣬ҲһӣסԺûǮҪĲүүҪţֻҪ㿪˿ڣ㶼ջġ
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ֻǵزĲ˼ȴȻϽԼİ򿪣͸˵øˡ
Ĳ˼ҲðĲԶɽٴκȵ˼ѾͷǲһҪĲҵˣȡſϰݣѰó
֮䣬Ĳ˼۾һ죬ۡһİֱӵϣȻһţתҪ¥ȥ
վסĲԶɽһ˺죬ַڣȵ
Ĳ˼ǺĲԶɽŭĲԶɽŭ𣬾Ͳͣ½ŲվŴңͣس
Ĳ˼㵽һȥһ䣬ЩܣԼǰĲ˼ҪֵĹһģ˭֪龹Ȼᷢزһʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼ıӰֻ۾ĳ
ΰҪȥȰȰĲ˼ģܾʱ١Ů鳤ͺܲˣĲ˼ӵϵİֱӷŵ輸ϡ
Ȼ˵ĲүүүүĿ棬Ǿͼһ°ɣҪͬѧ˵ģʲôˮ飬ǴҲ͡
ĲԶɽڷΰĻû˵֮ʣֹס˷ΰ˵ȥ˵ֵܣС磬ҶˣλСֵܿڿ˵ˮҼҶѾͷİڣҾ͵ŴҵôףλСֵǷ˵ѻ
˵䣬ĲԶɽ󽫰תеĶ˲輸ϡ
Ĳ˼İװŲٵĶüʡࡢСʲôĶ˵ˣ벻ǣȻһشŵ֡
һе˶׹Ĳ˼ΪʲôԸԼİԭ泤һȷ˺Ϊġ
ĲԶɽȴЩ˵Ƥӵ£һһİѶǿҲýڳ˿ǲ˵ѡ
üʡĲԶɽĿľҪôҿϸ
ܲģĲԶɽһ飬ֻǴҶûЩ˵Ǹʲôˮ顣
ĲԶɽԼϸĲ˼ǰеװ֮һ۵Сӡ
Ĺҵģóûʼã˵˵滰ˮҲûùοĻܲţһܴ⡣
οĲ˼ǰ͹һΰûͳҪУĲ˼㲻ԸóҲӦøоõǡ
ĲԶɽ΢΢ĳƬ̣Ƭ̣˫ŷװֽһ
ӦĲԶɽõñȽϴɣķװֽһӾͱĲԶɽ˺һĿӡ
Ҳ̣ĵģȲǺܸߣӵСıˮ飬Ȼ˳䵽ֻĲ輸ϣһ죬漴ž䣬ˮ֮飬ȻƳ롣
ĲԶɽɴ۾ķһ
˵ûˮȻĲ˼İңԼֽˤ룡
ĲԶɽԴˡһͻ˹ȥ
ҲǴһűˮ飬͸ˣ͸ˣ
˸ΰҲͬʱһ


160 Ц͵
عһ۲輸Ƴˮ飬ֿ˿ЩίٵĲԶɽ̾һ˵Ĳүү²顭
ĲԶɽ̧ͷ˻һ˵СӣĲ˼İҳģŪˣ˵ҵ£ҡҡôᡭ
Ĳ˼İּİﻹһűˮ飬Ŀ֮£ȴĲ˼İҳ˱ˮ飬οԼһС֮£Ͱˣ˵ĲԶɽԼĲҵ˵£ﲻ˵ȴû˲϶ĲԶɽĲ˼ûйϵ
ңĲ׷ĲԶɽһ˵ĲԶɽҲˡ
Сˮ飬˼İҳˣǼ٣ĲҶѲ˸ϵ˵ɣһᾡ㡭
飬ĲԶɽҲͲٺȥˣ뵽ģҲȫĲҵĲԶɽǮܲ˼Լ
Ĳүү˵治˼ҵ¡ָָΰ˵һУΪ
ĲԶɽֻξ˽ǰ飬Ļͷ˵ֵǸһе̩ɽҲҪã˵ĻӦŶ԰ɣֵ˵ֵɡ
ЦЦĲԶɽ˵Ҫ˵ҾͶһ죬Сֵܰѻ˵ꡣ
ʲô˼ĲԶɽǲĿ
ΪЦҡҡͷȴشĲԶɽʻ
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СĲԶɽʱסˣôǷΰڿЦֿʲôЦ
ô˵̲ס΢΢ĵ˵ͷתͷһãȻĲԶɽ˸ɫ
ΰֶɫڶȻһһףΰ̧ŷˣͶ˸ѯʵɫ
ȴɫ΢΢һ漴ҧŭС˵˵ʲôмΰڸǿЦôڿЦ˵СӣƿĲϣôѪˣ˵˵һ
һô˵ΰҲҧҧ˵ѧܣҪǮⲻʲô£ں˵ݺɾͲСˣȰ㻹˵
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ϧǣڿΰ񡱣ֵĲ˼ȥΪ࣬ͲòԼļƻ
ݺǺǡЦƬ̣˵Ӧһƺã׼ݺĲүүɣ
⻰һ˵ΰֶʱɫ䡣
˵˵㲻֪ǷĲҵĹϵ˵˵ΰܻĴ
ѧܣӦ֪˵ĻҪʲôΣҸ㣬ݡҪ㡭Ҳŭ
ֶһͨ۾ӵĺУ죬ʱѹȥҲ˿ڡ
Լġ񡱷ŭĲ˼ϽתŷΰȰΰΰ硭ΰ硭϶Ūˡ
һʱ֮䣬ȰȰʱһƬӡ
סڣסڡĲԶɽŭʲôط⻹ʲôӣ
ĲԶɽһŭȣе̾ס˿ڣһƬž
е˶۾ŲӣĴһˣŲ豭΢ЦϸϸƷ˲
ѾͷѲ˸ϵվһ߶ȥĲԶɽӵָۣĲ˼ȵ
үүΰ硭ΰԩġĲ˼ˮò˹˹ĵ˵ֻһ˵һ뿪ΰĲԶɽĻĲ˼Ҳ
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˸ΰֶһҰ˵ҡҡ
ĲԶɽ˶٣ֲŶ˵Сڣ㼸仰ϣܹʵĸң
˵ͷĲүүʣ
ȣ˵бˮ飬ģĲԶɽʵ
ٴε˵ͷ£˼һ
Ĳ˼һԲ˵ǰүүǿűˮ飬ĺ氡ôˮݣմһˮ
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Ĳ˼˵˱˵ˮ飿ôʹû˵ϻĶ˼̫ˣһСӵĹƻ󣬶԰ɣ
壬ûаġĲ˼˵
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˵ģ˼˵Ҳģ˵ĶǼٻһֱƭĲүү˵
˶٣ŷ˵һֱϳбˮ飬ô㣬Ϊʲôģ
ΪʲôġһʱƬ̣˲˵ǼΰҸġ
ΰæ˵˼øҷ˶ţҲûϸҪԹ˼ãԾȹˡ
Ҽǵãһţֱӷҵıˮ鲻ģһ۶ûУô֪ˮǼٵģŷˣʵ
һͣһ˫۾ںľƬ¶һ˿⣬˺һŻشҲ˵ϻ᲻ıˮ飬ֻǿСӣ֪ôĶôУ
ͣʵȴǲ԰֮
ƾǸСӣͶ϶ûкöʲôοۼﻹһĲرͼأ㲻Ϻö
ԣ԰Ľͣһڲ˳
ã˵ʲôˮ飬ʲô֤˵ڵΰʧʱķ
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ǿűˮϣҵζ۱ôأǹζʼնӲҵıӵģ΢΢Цţŷΰ˵
˵˵˵˵ָܻһʱ֮Ҳ˵Ļ
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ĲԶɽüͷתͷȥﱥЦ⣬ĲԶɽ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
óġӺ顱£֪ģҲ˵˵ģûаѻ
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Ĳҵ˲˵⡰ݺǿľͲһСˣĲҵˮļֵʱĲԶɽòϸĻոշһС


161 㾡
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һУĲԶɽʱ̺ȵ˼үү
ĲԶɽһȣҪĲ˼ķΰʱ˵ϣʳһ㺹ˮ
Ĳ˼˿ΰֿ˿һŭݵĲԶɽԥ˺һߵĲԶɽߡ
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˿첽ߵΰָŭΰϲħôһֱ˵ڵ֤أѵ㲻֪׽仰
ԭίٶ˵ȥĲԶɽѾˣʱ򣬱ˮ٣ԶԶûнˮҳҪˣҳıˮ飬ҲͿ
ֶֻڵҲʵǵѣһĵļ㣬벻ջҪƲˣֻڣֶ뵽һƣɾĿŵĲԶɽϡݺزֶҲֻƴǺǲ롣
ĲԶɽȻƽ͵˵СȻѾ֪˸ţС˵ҲûȷڡЦҲҪó֤˭Ҳý԰ɡ
֤ݣڡŷΰ˵ڷϡ
ҡϣߺߣʲô֤ݡԵһţȴǿ򾲵Ľе
С㲻ô󺰴УĲԶɽ˵
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һ˲䣬ͻȻְĿת򷽼ΰ
ֱߵĲԶɽǰҪ½ĲԶɽ鿴֮ʱͻȻ˵ѧַǲνǣ㻹ˣǰ˵ģҵıӺ飬Ҳ㣬ÿһתƱˮ飬ӹҵıӡ
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ǽ飬ȴǴĳ춫⣬ֱֶֶӼͷԼСˮ顱óνıˮҲǼٵģȻžҪˣͻȻʶⷽΰֶԭûģҪ͵ȻӡĲ˼ˡ
鼱֮£ҪĲ˼Ӱóǿıˮ
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Ȼ÷ΰֶû뵽ǣһ飬ȴĲԶɽԶ֡
ֶַͼ֮󣬾ֹĲԶɽ飬Ҫ³ĲԶɽȥֻĲԶɽҲһ
ĲԶɽ˵Էֶ˵ȷһ£ĲԶɽڼŭ֮£Ȼ͵˼
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ֻĲ˼ڰһȥûܹˮ鱻ΰֲѣҲͷСƢ
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÷ΰһμŭĲԶɽĻᣬŭĲԶɽͻĲԶɽֱǿӲĶֻǷֶû뵽ڹؼʱ̣һ仰ĲԶɽˡ
ǵ飬˵Ҳɣΰ׼ӣ֮ڸֻˤһ£Ȼˤ롣
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Ȼʲô鶼ˣֶȴûܰġӺ顱¼ȥ
ʲôһšڶšνıˮ飬ûܹιȥֱӾ˵ˮڷΰϣ÷ΰЩĻţҪĲ˼ַˮŻصĲ˼ϣ˭֪̾ͿԼͼԾĲ˼Ĳ˼Զ뷽ΰ
ʱ򣬷˾ֻΰˣһɲǼ䣬ˮȷϣǼ˵֮䣬ˡòӲͷƤǰȥĲԶɽ飬Ȼʱ򣬱ˮȴٴĻص˷ΰϡ
ˮջǱ˳ֻʱıˮ棬һ㱡֬йɵıζͣ
Ƿΰ˵ġӺ顱֮ĨȥģڸǱˮԼζġ
˭֪Ĩܹܹͣ׼ȷĽˮڡᡱ
ֶⷽҲνǻ㾡̫ͷȴŪɳ׾ˣ
бˮ飡ˮҲʵʵڣĲԶɽ𺳣ˮʱĲԶɽһĻȷ𺳣ǣģıˮ飬Ҫ𺳵ö࣬ĲԶɽã𺳣ĲԶɽһӴδġ
Ŵͷɥķΰ棬ĲԶɽ˵ĲԶɽۻ軨ˣȻûСǺǡֵܣҿ⺢Ʒ˼ġǺǡ
ĻĲԶɽû˵ȥȴףĲԶɽǿһᣬȻᣬĲԶɽǲ˵ġ
ֻĲԶɽЩȻ˵ӣҴӦ˼Ҫġ
šĲԶɽšһ֮˵˼Ҫǧ򣬾ӣ
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֪űˮ飬ֵǮĲԶɽº͵ʵ
ҡҡͷʱãǮٶ࣬ʲô壬ԼΰĲ˼ҲһΰԼʧǮԼһ˿Ȼȣʲô


162 ޿κλȥ
ĲԶɽҡҡͷĿתȻСӣʵ̫ˣԱˮļֵܿǲ˽⣬Ĳ˼˵ǧ͵ֻҪǧˡ
˲ټѣ˵Ĳ˼ҪģֻǧĲԶɽȻ顣
ĲԶɽֻˡ
΢΢Цţҡҡͷǰһ飬൱⣬飬ϣȻԼ
˵ȻԸ⽫ϡ֮Ĳ˼ֻҪǧ򣬷ΰֶ¥Ķˡ
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÷˰ɥǣ˵ףԼ̫̰ģ̰Ĳ˵ϴԼһư׷˲˵ĲԶɽŪã
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ֻǼʹأΰֶҲûҪ뿪ǻڵȡһᡣ
ϰæĲԶɽ̾һ˵СҲզһֵܵѣ˵˼ǺǡǮҾ˵һڣΡ
ҡҡͷĲүүǧǮԼ˵ģҲ˵˼˾ʮҲҲܳ
⺢ӡĲԶɽ̾һ
Ҳ˵κӣһǾǣ˼ڽ죬ֵܹĹһ죬Ⱦ
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Ĳ˼ĬĬص˵ͷתȥǽкȥˡ
Ĳ˼ȥ֮ĲԶɽ̾һȻСĵĽˮȻһ̨ʼǱԣ򿪵ԣҪ˺ţֱתǧ˺ϣҳʾ׳ɹֵ֮棬ҪԼ鿴
ֻǵһҳϵϢ漴˵Ĳүү½׳ɹˣҵȾ
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˰ɣϰ壬ҪʲôҿûȨȥ氡ԣϰ㲻ҽʲôɣϼһƽϢ˵һԹԵʰ
ڻڡɣϼԼľ룬һӱңԶü󼰣һһ仰˳ھ˵˳
ɣϼŵһ漴ͷҲأƽĴģϰ壬ҾҵĹȻź񣬿ǣкܶ飬Ҷòϰߡ
˵ɣϼ΢΢˶٣Żعͷ˵ԣҴϰǡ
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ɣϼһɣ裬Ӳİһ˿սȻƽϢ˵Ǳ˷ݹģԱ֧żĿ֧ûʲô⣬ллϰĹա
ʲô˼ᣬڣɣڶ飬ǽҪͷصɣĲ飬ȻѾתô˵óʹƣɣЦ
һվɣϼ֣ɣϼ۾˵Ĳ˼ҵͬѧҰæΪ˸еżΪ¶ײǽɳĩ˻ð㿴㿴Ȧء


163 龪һ
˵ײǽɳԭƽͬһˮɣϼһɲǼ䶯˶ݣҲֻһɲǼѣ漴ƽ
ϰ塭Щ飬ԸȥģңҲûʲôϵģһϵҲûС
ԴһȦʵЩ㲻ףΪʲôЩŮÿһõʱһˮһСԶʹҪ˵岻ǵҲ겻
Դһ޿κεԼɣϼ΢΢̾һ˵ϰ壬ҵİҼˣҵĹľò̫ʺңˣǷǮǰ˵ˣǼҵǿƤʮ򣬸βģҲʣ٣Ҿһ𻹸㡭
ʲôʧǼҵķӶˣ㡭Ժ󡭡ô죿
Ժ󣬸Ҫô죬Ͳϰˡ˵仰һˮڴɣϼ˳
⻰ץԴüͷӬƵڱת
ڸô죬ڸô졭һŴתһ߶
ɣϼִⲻٵϰ࣬²ǿǿҲǿҪǣǼҵǿˮһΪ֪ܣ⿪ܣҲɣϼһҴӴ˾ͲҪΪѡҽƷѡѧѲٰġ
ܣҲһЩ˽⣬˭֪ϵһᣬԼûܹʱĸɣϼһĽͣȻɣϼԼķӶˡ
ɣϼԸȥϰ࣬ǿ󣬵ǿˮȴԼΨһܹ˳ɣϼһҵһᡣ
Ūã
ڲתʱɣϼѾʰ׵ˣ̾ͿԵշѴ˳Ժˡ
ת˺һͣɣϼ˵ϼһ仰ܲĻشң
ɣϼ׼ȥɣ裬ʣ΢΢̧ͷʵʲô
Ȼûܹʲôæһæ𣿡
ҪʲôֻҪԼæɣϼԵЩʧ
һԼ䣬˵ģиҵǰȥＸæ⼸ʱҵӿţԣæչ˼ӣô
ԭȥϰ࣬ɣϼϸʧ˼Ƭ̣˵ΪʲôҸءҡҡ
㻹֮ĳЩ£æ𣿡
Ҳʵû˰취ֻܴƣȽɣϼסֻҪȽɣϼסˣ
ɣϼüͷ˺һ˵ǡҲңĲǡֹϵ
ԥĻشҸֻͬѧǧȷûκιϵҰڻЩء
Ĳ˼ʹʧ˼ڣʲôúڵģڲ˵ԼܺڣѺڵı鶼úǿţ޷ҲҪɣϼǰһ¡
ţô˵Ҫ㣬Ҳ˵ȥɣϼǴӦ
ĨһѶͷĺˮһʱɣϼסˣ
ȰȰɣϼڲɣͳԺʱɣϼƳһ˵
ʲôɣϼɣ裬һ顣
û뵽ɣϼСһ̣Ц⣬˵Ұ衭
ûǸҪɡ˹˹ģһĿ˹ȥһҪȰȰɣϼ
ʲôûǸҪҽ˵ˣػסŲ㣬תͨȥɱ˵һֱסԺɣϼɣ裬˵
һץԴЩʹ˵˵ֻתƲǳԺ
˵Ժ𣿡ɣϼ
һӾסԼͷԼʹɣϼǲҪɣԺɣϼѹû˵ⷽ顣
Ƭ̣˹˹˵סţͦõ𣬸ҪתƵͨǶһЩǮôֲǲܿǵġ
ǣⲻǮǮ⣬ҽ˵ˣѾ˻ָڣòٴػˣ㻹ôɣϼǽ˵
˵ʲôʱһҽһⱦĸŮ˽
ҽɣϼûߣ̲ס˵ôûתƹȥϾҪ̨ˣܿҪסˡ
ǸⱦĸŮȴüͷ˵ҽʦĻôô˵õء
ҽʦҡҡͷ˵Բ㣬ʱ䲡˶Ǽţ֡סˣһػˡ
ԭҪסģԭǸݵˣ
ȻЩ飬ȴûʲô취Щ飬˵Ǯܽġ
ͨھ¥һ䲡ԭֻסĸ˵ģסҲ˲ûӣ˻Ƕ
ɣ豻ŵĲͦõġ
ոհٺɣ裬ɣһԵĶ˽
һɣǸ˵Ľһ򡣡
ٴһ̫̫Ͳ󣬻һѧװɣϼƯᣬ̲ס˵һΪһţţԭŮŮǹˣŮô޸һѧ
̫̫ôһ˵ɣϼʱ˸ߵ̧ͷ
Ҳƣ룬ɣ˵ôҲˣ
ŶҰҵˣ裬¶࣬ȥæɣЩҪ˵˵
ɣʲô飬޷ҲҪýϽ뿪л
ҽԺɣϼĸһһ˵㣬һõϰ壬ôʹôһ·ǡ
ЦЦûʱ䰡ã
ˡ˶٣ɫ˵İѷӸˣΪ˻ǵǮ
ɣϼ˵ͷû취ҪΪ½СӦ֪ģ˵ҪϾͻġ
Ҫ½С˭Ҳ赲˵£ֻ̾һ˵ǸǮʱֵȥס
ɣϼüͷǱסˣطⷿסֲ㣬Ҽм䳬й˵ṩסԡ
һﲻǿźü䷿ﲻסȥȴҪȥʲôʲôԱ
ǣ¡´ɣϼҲ˵ȥˡ
ɵߺߵ˵´ҸĻᡯǰɣҸɣϼˣҸûа˵Ĺϵ
ɣϼһ˿Ц⣬˺һ˵ûм˵Ĺϵʲô£˵ĲС㳤Ưݣλָߣְ䣬йϵźأ
Űءŭ㿴ΪʲҪһ·ȥμӾۻᰡҾҪƲϵⶼ֪
˵⻰˵еΥģȻڰĲ˼һ̣ѾԼĹȥѡ٣һʼȴûҪȥĲ˼
ֻɣϼôһ˵ʱ͡һЦ˳
һ˲䣬ˡ


164 С
˵ɣϼһ٣ɣϼļǱҪСò˶ã͵ҪңԣɣϼԼһصʰ䷿Աá
סɣϼȻҲòȥǸʲôеԱˡ
һ·˵˵ЦЦߡ
һ˵Цһ߰㣬ɣϼѾ˷ӣˮ飬ԼһҪ磬ҪȻͻỵˣãɣҲڼңڽ
쵽ֵʱ˿·ΧһˣʱһȲڸʲô˶º棬ǱؿȺ
ȺΧŵģһӣ˵ǡӡʵҲǸ϶ԣҲ߰ӣ߰ȴһȦһԲԲģ˭ţóɰ
ϴģҲһһѧУУ֪ģΪĸѧУѧ
ǱݹʲôĿʱһΧ۵˵ţλүү岮ֵܽãڼҿĸſѣҳ󱦵أһЯЯͿڷԣոΪ˶žգǮǮûǮ˳¸мˣλүү岮ֵܽã򷢼ǮҳԱˣٸλġ
ԭǽͷյģͲ󣬵˵Ŀȴ߽ĿǣԵ
Ӳ̫ͭԶˣЩˣôᵽͷգ
ͷ룬Լ̷ߣҪĵţ򶫣Ҳ֪ڻʲôˣͷգԼʲôģ
ߵԼǰȵĽ硭ְǸװЩǮӲҵĲ쵽Լǰԥ
ֻ鲻ǣԼҲʹһпǮʲôģͲ
΢΢һɣϼ֪򷢸һЩǮϿ϶û£ɣϼԼİݵǰ
ɫŹֵĿһɣϼǿ쵽ԼǰҲ΢΢ЦЦɣϼİ
ֽ𲻶࣬ҲǧǮûԥǮȫ˳Žӵ
һ龰Це˵㣬ףһഺפףǾٰüףͷϣףǰǧ
ǴҾһϲըƵ˵ʮף
˸ɣϼ˵Щ޵ݣ޲طȥԶܺüʮ˵ĺЦעӡ
˵꣬ת˼ǮӲңȻֻתģװǮȻ֣һȦҾſ˵ŸղŸλүү岮ֵܽõĴͣҲܲĸģҿˡ
˵ţץһѣȻװģȭͷȭͷһ˵ҿϸˡ
˵ţָָ˵λ磬ղţϷһǿһ
˼һһʱ֮벻ʲôʱԼϷ˼ʲô
һ޺Ц˵磬ģҪţϾͰг
Ⱥʱ˽Ƕʲô
Ҳ˵ʲôû׼һģûһĴ硣
Ӧòǰɣ˸ողҿŵģ
ӦǸǮʱŹȥİɡ
ɣǮʱǲǿŵģСӣûأ

˴ҵθڣһЦݸǲá
λүү岮ֵܽǣҪϸˣھͽг
˵Ҳ֣Сߴ٣һֻӣڴĻû£̽ͷĽȻ󼷳·һ򣬷ӾȻٷһɲǣۡһ·ϣһ࣡
Ⱥʱ䡱һըˣЦҲнк
ԼĸŪ·΢΢Գһ˿Σһ˿Ҳֻһ
лֻӣӰѸһΣû뵽ֻĿ֮£ֱһֽ
Ҫ˵ⱦǵʥģֽ𹿰ʲô𹿰ڿˡ
һߺ˵˵һֽߵǰ°ֽȥ·ϵĸӷ㡣
ҪʲôܱʲôͽС⡯ҪǮ·ϲһ£㡰һ΢죬һöһԪӲң͵Ľ¡
˵ţٲһ£һ΢죬һöһԪӲֵ
ӲסĲӲұ㲻סµȺﾡһ󿪻ĴЦ
ӰϵɾҲûӲҵˡ
Ҫ˵ɣϼе˶֪ЩӲҿ϶ģüʮأﶼһҪЩӲңҲòɣϼİǮ
ϵ࣬ҲȥϵӲң˵˾䣺Բ𡭡
ȻתִֽУ䡭䡭䡭
Ӵ䡱ֽȻһ𹿰Ӧһ֪ϰѹɡ
ȺһηһЦ
ħݣһڸող֮ǰԼĲ˼ļҲһħĸ֣ΰ
ʱԼûôãڻɵôӱðһ亹
ҪԼüˮġŷ˷ΰĲģԼˣ
üٵĶȥթĲԶɽһ㣬ͻԼԲ˶ߡ
⵹ĲԶɽҪԼԼģȥթ˼ңȥթĲԶɽԼԺԶҲ̧ͷˡ
ĳȺȴʱһЦӦӱݵħǾʡ
֪䣬оԼŻع
̧һԭӦӵıѾˣΧ۵ҲѾɢȥˣɣϼĳ񣬱һ˼Ҷˣʲô
ƫʱ߰˸һѧװҲʮ߰͵кӣɣϼǸʰϵӲҵΧ˹
һЩѧ;ú֣߰˸ˣȻУȴûУѧʣЩϣûУѧϢһ϶¶׺ݡ
ðģһʱ䣬ķӦӦһ켣ͷСƦӣ
ȻͷһͷȽϴкӣһŲǰӲϣȵСӣ֪˭ĵӣݹͷˣ
Ӱͷָǣ˭һطȾͱ̺þƣһֽТعµģȻطɻ
˵ҲҪѣ
վֱӣͷһҾһ޺Ц˵磬ҼҲͭǱ߶ϵģ⼸ͷе㲻ԣûüȥݼү˽Եš
Ǹ˶ָֻţ⼸ȴͻȻΧסɣϼˡ
΢΢һͻȻоһˣװѧΧסԼ²ҪʲôѣǳԼġ
ȻǴҲֻǽѵСӼ仰ͻȻȴͷָĺȵһģ
ǶֺȵСӣҳ⣬ͨˡ
Ļ˵ȥ֪֮λ޴ǣ⼸˰ҪԼ鷳
ֻ벻׵£Լһؾصģûô᲻׵ľҪԼ鷳ء


165 ˸ֵ
һ˲䣬ɣϼһѣƵΧסԼȦ棬ȣߡ
һ̣ɣϼҲһЩɷУҪʲôһ߽УһҪصߡ
˽ɣϼţţúôţȥҪǴŮˡ
ó⼸˵ҪĿɣϼȴûжֵ˼
û˺ɣϼ˼΢һЩתԴʵǵʲôˣҪʲô
ͷĴһֱ֣Ӿк
ÿһȭҲȭͷ
飬Ȼ֪ΪʲôǿǰΣԲɢˡ
ԣʹûܣʱҲֻҧ첲ˡ
ֻûܣʲôĸûУƾŵľһѪԣѪԣԲǰսʤģͻмܲסȺǵƣúܲס˶ʱء
ΧȭߣƾһѪԣһӶûֵͱƷڵϡ
Ʒڵأ˫ֱͷ۾еֵǣ˵ԼƷڵأӦÿһȭͷżԼϣȻԼڵ֮Ǵǻںŭȭߣȴûоʹ
ۣŷ֣ԭ֪ʲôʱǸСġ𹿰Ŵһžҳ顣
ֻǲҵúܵǣСġ𹿰Ҳһϰѹûϼ£ϳأСģ»糤
СġŪûˣһӵϣƬֽ̣СƷڵأСӵڵϣһ߲ҽУһߴŹߣƴһȭͷͽżԼϣȴſϡ
ɣϼΧСӸᣬ㼸γѪҲеЩ˻ˣ˰˰
Ȼʱ·߲ûˣʹмˣҲ׳֡
ӱݺݵ񶫼ţȴÿһŶСϣСӻţ߲š
׼Сûܹסĵطʹ̵׼춫ݵģû뵽һ߳ȥûߵԼȴͻȻˤ˸˲棬Ӳˮ˸ҵġܵĽӴ
Ӳһӻ˹ȥðλǰĽҫ
ֱʱ򣬴Ӳǿһס֡
ˤӵĲ˼磬ӻֻǵһңĲ˼ˤĸ֮󣬲Ŵסֵġ
˴Ĳ˼˵Ĳ˼ǸһģѾص˼Ĳ˼ŷһЩ£̸̸Ǯ飬û뵽˴ܣϸ֮£ŷɣϼɣϼﻹš
Ҳ֪ڵϵ˾Ĳ˼Щˣֱǰʹ֣ˤһˤĸˣŴţס֡
ˤĸˣµƲתͷҪܣĲ˼ϷŹǣô˵ҲԼĵ̣ΧŹǾ͸˵ˣ
ʹ
Сûô£˱һֱͦͦڵϣҲǰҲ
ɣϼˣƲܵûӰˡ
ɣϼѿƣ޺Ĳ˼ҲȥɣϼæʰһﴩУĵƦС
СӺߺĴһűʹĵطһ˵򰡣ôˡ
һ˵ţһתһһȳģҪ뿪
ںڵȦɣϼʹứֱֱʹʹҪҪ
СҪߣ˲ɣϼĺǻСӴУֵܡֵܡ߰
СתͷǣЦֵܣֵܣҽ𡭡
ƿɣϼҲһȳһյ׷ССѾ˺Ƶ·˵ֵܣʲôֵ㽻ܲܰѻ˵
СٴһЦֻһЦȴǣϵʹһЦЩˣ磬Ů飬һǸǮˣСӣٺ١ʲ𣬲һǧٿǮҲ㵲һǾǷٺ١ݰˡ
ֵܡֵܣܲһ仰ôһУҲǣϼ⣬ȻҲʹ˻˻ֱ
˿֮˵ֵܣǮٶ࣬Ҳ׽һܹͬʹѣҵһ󣬾ٶǮҲ򲻵꣬οҲֻһǸСӡ
СӹЦЦٺ١Ҽ˶ˣһҪлҵĻҲûᣬҳһ٣Σ
û⣬ʲô㣬˵㣡ȻʹǺԥ˵
˵ûУĲ˼紦꼸С죬Сҡ̲סüͷʵ
СӺһתͷĲ˼磬ֻǸмСӵȴǳ˾ۣ
ɣϼ͹Ŀˣû뵽Ĳ˼һòƯ˳ԾָǺõýֽоòвŵŮӣ˾Ǿ͹ˡ
ΨһвģʱĲ˼纮һŮӦеҲ
ǵô£Ĳ˼ʵ
ҡҡͷһҡͷʹҲֻùĻشҲ֪ô£⼸һ˵˵һͶ
ǡҪɣҪҪȥҽԺߣһȥĲ˼ʵ
ȥҽԺҸоһ£ӦöƤ֮ˣͦͦܺõģȥǾǵɳǱҪĳ
£ȥҽԺ͵ɳطȥˡ
ҲֳۿģڵϣһȺΧǴҲǿ˵ģҪôҲܲˣ㻹ԼŰɣһҪµȥ졭
ʹ齻Ĳ˼ȥ
λ㻹ǳŹŷģСʹʵ
ߣɳġ򵥵Ĵ
磬㵽ʲô˰Ĳ˼һ˵ıӰС̲סʵ
סĿСӣô֪ҵ֣
漴ɣϼһֱڽԼģûһٱҲ˰ʮ飬Сֲӣֲɵӣôỹ֪Լ֡
СʹЦЦĬˡ
һ˵ֵܣҪҪҪȥҽԺ
ɣϼҲ˵ȥҽԺɣ˵ġ
˵⻰ɣϼ˼󲿷ȴǶģ϶һһģɣϼǸʹ
СǿֱۺˮͰһ֫УӺɷССʹҲ̲ˣʲôӺ
ȻҲʾһ죬˵ǰ㲻ʲô˻ߣȥ˻ȥ¥
ٺ١СЦЦ¥ϺǼҿѾãϧ
˼СӦþȴԵһˡ
ſˮҪ˵СӣЦЦãܹͣţˣʲô֡
СӻعһһЩȻС֣ҾһֱӣֽʲôԼˣ׸Ϊǰ꣬һغҲͳ˹¼ҹˣʱǸħԱ꣬˼ҴҵһЩ㻹
˵꣬ԳЦЦ
ҲǸ¶ɣϼһȳһյʵ
ɱ˵ҲǰЦЦ˵
̾һֵ˵ҲǸ¶ҪĻԺֵơ


166 ȡ
һץŰǼһϺļ⣬Ŷ˵ǳ࣬ôô˹ģߴСŮƵģһүǶ
үǶۣɣϼȴһ쵽˲Ӹ
԰үǶʹȾƣ⣬ָ첲Ҫǰ壬Сˬǣʲô˼ҵĳĺǻɣǻóģɣϼ˹˹ĵӣӺЩм
ӣֻһСӣɲܰˡɣϼЩֵ˵
һ֣ҧһڰǼȣȥֲ˵ͼǰɣֵܣŸ˵Щģڽϻ⼸꣬һ˰콭вŻУúˬ
Ӱѽͷ˵ڻ콭ҲˣҲл콭
ٺ١ЦЦ˵λǰ˵úã˵ĵطнһ̤˽԰̤˽Сѧϳϸϴѧǽеն񽭺нͻˣ˵Ҳ
ʲôǽ̫ǿ˵ͷͷǵͷ
ӳİǼϺһͺ֣ҪȥԵúܳŵĶӣҺɣϼϽݹȥͽֽ
˲֣߸¡ĶӣǸпǵһγԵôѾǰˡ
ƽԲͻȻʹһ¡
ȥ˶Ҫһ˵һδ꣬ٺ١ЦţȴЩɬ
üͷ˺һ󣬲˵ƽʱס
ص쵱ĶˣֻҪ꣬ҵסٺ١
̾һԼľ̸ôи֮ӱԼǿɾҶˡ
ҵˣҪ㵽ȥƬ̣˵
˵ϵܣڿңٺ١ɫ˵£ǿɵһһ룬ҴͣҸˣҴӦҳԷ㵲һˣϲǷ˼飬Ҳϲ˼Ƿҵģϲ˼ҿҡ
˵Ҳɣũһ£ȴӴһ£Ӻľͽһϵܡ
ǡҡҡͷ˵Ҳǿ㣬Ҿ;ãǼȻֵܣӦиͬͬ
ǰ˵ˣֵܣҿɸʲ𡣡ҡԴǼĻؾĺ⡣
ţҪɣ㵽ʱСʴôҲôΣǿУ˸ӡ
ӳ˼Ƭ̣˵иȶסһȶĹȻҪģ⻰ҿҪ˵ͷˣһʲôᣬپεˣĹ̫ϣٺ١
ҹģûҪϰҹģ
룬ԼҲûʲôر𡰿ϡĹأʮ¶һ׮һ׮⣬Ҳòȥæöʱ䣬Ҳڵһ£ɨɨտ档
ԸĻһӳӰʵĻʱֻܸǧ飬Է¶룬ֱӷѣʱԼ
ֵܣ˼ǹܳԹסֻǰŴɨһ棬͸ǧһ£ٺ١ȷźġЦ
ӹ˲ϸɣϽ˵ر⣬ַĻһĽɡܵ˵ڴҲκˡ
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ȻҲãҾȥ࣬⣬Ҿ͸ȥҪǴҾʲôҲͺáٺ١
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ڣҲס᲻ʲôӰ찡
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˵̣Ӿúʣʹ´ԼҪϰࡱĵطҲһЩԼҪЩʲôҪôȵһЩҪע顣
뿿ɳϣһһϸشһ顣
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ѣɣϼֻڹ̨˵ֽ𣬳ȥҩˮơʲôġ
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ԣ⡰飬Ҳֻ
ЩȻһϲͨô˵ȻҲ;áͷͷǵ֮̾࣬㰵˾ģӽ󣬾һˣ
ΪһУһСľܹͷء
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Ҫܹħѧ֣Ҳܹڳ䲻ʱһ
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ʲôȡ裬СƻòãǸȡ裬˵Ļϲ⡢ζͶƵġ
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ٺ٣һүǶûζǻүǶ𡭡


167 ų
ϵˣҲĲأĸطе࣬ǺȦԣʹһҲûʲôˡ
ϵҲ͸㲻ʲôˣ࣡ʱͦʹģϵٺ۱٣ԣ˵࣬ʵͦôģ
磬Ĳ˼һˣǼܵ˱ȥһ飬Ǽ˵ֻǿһŮҫ˱㿴ߣҪѵһ£˵ȻͬС죬ʵҲҲ
Ĳ˼Ҳ뿴µ̬ȣҪ⳥Ҫ׷Ǽ˵ΣĲ˼Ȼ᲻׷ȥֱϷͥ
̸ֻͶ뵽Ҫ⼸һ⳥ҲܵõһǮǮûȤ
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ɣϼһԣϣ׶Щʲô
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û뵽ŮӶûͦģɣϼһ˵
Ӱӣһһ߻ͷ߹˽֮óľ顭
ԭƻϾȥҿɣǿˮܵģҪɣһڣԼӵסһæѾʱ֡
ǮɣϼȥðһЩƷӰ׵֮ѾǻƳˡ
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ɣϼһЩһЩԺҪõţڿȴֺĶ
׵֮ɣϼȥ׼㡣
˵Ҫ㣬ЩߺգɣϼҪС󱭶
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ƫߣʧ˳Ҳ¶һ˿ǵɫ
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ȻǴ˼ҵȻҪһϢҪȻ˼ҲͲ䵱С
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㵽ܸҶǮ˽üͷʵ
ӾȻĵһۣʮûˣһţʮֵˣ벻һУȻô̼
ҪһУҪɳľģӼᶨ


168 
΢һ˵壬óļҪǮأֻİҪȻҲȵȥܹۣ߳ҵȻˣ𴦿֮ҸǮҲٹҾһǮ
ǮԤģʵ̫ˣһʮ򰡣˭˭ԥˡ
üͷĬ˰Σ˵⻰Ҳ˵˵ˣǮԤģ̫ˣֻȥ˵
ͷͿ˳š
һߣһӣǲ˵ֵܣ˼ʮĶ˼İת־׬һʮǲ̫һ㣬㿴⼸ʮһգ۾ûˡ
и硭˵˾䣬Ȼɫ˵ȷֵٶ򣬵һûУոմ̳һ̾ͳ֣ԭ򣿡
⵹ҲǣӲĵ˵ͷ飬ӻид
תֵģȻҲ˸ԭۣҲٸʮ
ֻһҲµĲĻСʱ˾ͻŵ˵
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ΪİļǮ˵ѾǺܸˣȥһܹĳǮţ˶ż˵ҿˣһǸܵˣˣȻǮĶ٣УֻҪ˼ֻмǧǮĲԾͻ߶͡
ƾʲô϶ɣϼǰҲû˵ⷽ飬˵ô϶ϡ档
ܼ򵥡˵ʣȻһ˲׿ģģһԿ϶õó˵˱ݲͣǣȴһھҪ򣬶˵֮ڣԭȥ˵ֺУҲڰ󻯣˵Ǹܵˡ
Ӻɣϼһ˿¶һԭˡı顣
˵ʵڵ䵱һ˵ҸİѾǼ޼ǮˣҲ˵ûҪ׬Ǯ
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ƲƲ죺ǻ߰ʮ󡣡
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ӺǾȣôֻôС󣿡
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ڵϰżױƷͻȻ֮ɫһ䡣
ĻױƷ֮УиһЩɫϢķ
ľʵģɫľϸ壬ԵЩأ⻬Բϣ·ͷƳԲ״дָͷСԼ磬ͨԲһϸΪͨ
Ǿȵǣ⸾ŮӣӦǲͨķģԴϵͷͲò١
˵ִˣ٣Ҳûľʷ
оǣͦͨķȻŵΪټĺɫϢϢӦˮǱ߿ƵϢ
ѵŮ˻Ǽװйء
ֻǼװ͸ˣҲͱˣ˵ϵϢȻϢЩƣϾϢ
ؼǵãˮϵֺɫϢһܹëȻϢȻҲǺɫģ˿ţȻԵЩȴҲûܹľĸо
̫ˣ룬⵽ǡʲô᲻ֵܶǮ
ʱǸŮ˸߷µϸƿתͷҪǮ
ǸһǧˣҪǿĻ͸һǧٰˡعϽ
ߣһһǧٰˡǸŮ͵͵ĺһǸ˵ոǱߣǸϰ壬Ƽô˵ʲôҲҪһǧٰˡ
˶٣⸾Ů˵ڿǸƷˣҪƿҲֻҪһǧٰˣ
ԭǸոģҲǴӵģ
Ȼ֪ǰǸϰ壬ô⸾Ůⷢģܹõ⸾ŮǮյá
⸾Ů˵Ҫò⣬ٸٿǮٿǮ
һǧع
ǵãĸ߷´ƿеĳɱһҲҪ˰飬ģȻ⣬׬һ㣬Ҳ˵ȥ⸾ŮǮࡣ
ⷢûмֵԼҲûǸŮǮҲںǮ˵ƾɣ赽ͨһ㣬һ˭ȥ
ǸŮҲû룬ֽӣӰƿӰװãȻǮ


169 ɣұأ1
ŮЦЦһҡˡ
ֻ⸾ŮոճԼһЦһƤһʱ򻹺ÿһ㣬һЦôͻô}ˣ
һʱҲû̲סʵֵܣո⣬׬˻ǿ˰
һ˺һŴԺǵýҡ硯˵⣬ô˵ɣҲ֪ǿ˻׬ˣ
ɣϼ̲סۡЦ˳ո㲻˵ͷͷǵôǿ˻׬㶼֪ˣˣģ
ҡҡͷɫ˵Ŀ棬ǸոȥƿӣӦ˵ûʲô׬ҲֻаǮĲۡ
ƿӵĳɱͳڰ˰ٿǮңոǸŮһǧȷֻаǮĲۣڵ䵱˵ǧĳɱָ˲̵ʱ䣬Ǯ󣬻ϾͿ˵ֻʤޡ
һɻ󣺡ôô٣ֻаǮ룿
޿κε˵ֵܣʵ
һͻȻ˵԰ƿ׬һٶ࣬ǵһӣŵҲһǧడӦǴ׬׬Ŷԣ԰ɣ
˿Ϸٴҡҡͷ˵һǧٰˣҲţû׼һʮ˶ѣ˵ⶫ治ֵ֪ܲǮ
һȣ㲻ֵ֪ǮֵǮ㻹Ҫˣ
룬ûشӣ̾һ˵⣬ûУôȥ
һ˵䵱СӣҪôϰԼУҪȻ͵һרŵʦĻԼƷļֵ
ţӹӣһʱûʲô̫̫⣬ǿǿҲӦ˵ڣҪʲôȽϴ⣬ǸоЩ
˵ոǸˣмҪԼҪǿŷƱԼͻĲֵ֪Ǯָ˽档
Ҹ۵ʦ롣
֪Ǹҵܹ߼۸ĵطҵĳǮ·ӣСʱˣȴû
ңǸŮ֮Ҳû⣬ʱԵú塣
һħ⣬Щżⶼˣôûһ⣡
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㻹˵ʲô겻ţų꣬ٺ١׬һǮ꣬ɣֵܡ
ǵЦЦֵܣżûҲãǺúõϢϢϣҪȥһˡ
ϻҪȥǣӦǼӰɣӰô㡭һϲ⣬ֻҪǮ׬ӵν
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ڨڨЦһҪʲôطȥʲô
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һ嵥ӰжȻһѡ
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һӦƷƽֿװֻı
һƣ̲ס˵װң˭
ЦЦɣϼգգ۾
˭֪̾Ͳֵܣ˵㵽׶ŮӰΪ治֪ɣһȥҵ˼˵˼һŮӣʲôܸүǶȣͲ֪Ƕ౳չչɣ㡣
һ㶣⣬Լûϸ
ЦЦŮ㻹ʲô
еĶµһ£Լװһأ˵ԼģָıҲжʮɣϼıᣬҲʮ
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벻ҪԸŴȵʱϵǸˣȻһҴҵĽӡ
ȻԤʱܶ࣬վǻˣ
ҲûôףֱӾͰ˳ŵǰ˵Сֵܣ˵ļ۸񣬵ȷߵļۣҪǲáҾ͡İϸǡ
ӣϸؿһϢȷֻû߶ʲôֽţԸɣϼչأֽͬ
ûʲôԥ̾һԼ˴ʱʮң鱦յĹ˾ҲȥˣЩ۸ʵڲԼ⡣
طļ۸ߵҲٰʮǻĻ͵ĵطѾ͵һٶʮ
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۰Ͱͣһʹϧˣ΢΢ЦЦ˵壬ӣȻϵģҿΪ㱣ʮ죬ʮ֮ڣܹȥĻֻհٷ֮ıȡķá
ʲôһסˣٷ֮ıҲ˵ֻҪԼʮ֮ȥҪĴֻۣжʮ»ĺ£ĺˣ
Ŀһʱ֮䲻֪Ǳϲ
ɣϼ˵ͷ˵ںͬעһ£ʮ֮ڿأڵĻֻܵϣ
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壬ܰģҲֻܵϣԲ𡣡΢΢ЦЦǿ˵
ʵѾ˺ܴæˣñȱˡߵļ۸˱ʡ⣬ֻҪʮķá
һʱ֮䱯ϲ֮࣬˵Сֵܣ㹻壬Ҽˣ໰ҾͲ˵ˣƬԺҪõŵĵطҾǡ
˵ţȡһƬ˫ţݸ
һ£ƬǾдš콨˾ĵ绰롣
콨˾֣ģģǵã콨˾һģܴĹ˾˵ǰ˾һ¹ʣ˺ܴһǮ˵յľأ벻Ȼ˾ľ
ܲȻЦЦĿǰǹ˾𲽻ָţǾͲ̸ˣˣСֵܣ֮ѡ̣Ϊ֪һй¶˿ܵĹأҵ飬Сֵ㡭
óϸ˵Ҳףһ˾ľ˵ĵزȷΪ֪
ٴлȥ
ȥ֮󣬿ʱҲˣ̾ͷԸӸɣϼˣŴȣȥɣϼǿˮ


170 ɣұأ2
ɣңɣϼûɵһȻò˶ãҪ뿪Լ˶ʮĵطɣϼȷЩѹ
һＱͣһԺӣֻǡתվĿĵأʲôʱ֡
ᣬΪʱ磬Ǳ߻ЩڱأŸʲôȺȺȲ졣
ӼԶȷЩˣ˵Ҳ֪ĿĵҲֻǿźＱүϿ
ȵƳϣΧҲûʲô˳·Űɣϼ˽еһ˵ԼĿġ
һ˵ԵɣɣϼһΪȻԼɣȴû˵ɣʲôˮܵǲԼҲ˵ʱΪ˶ܷ˻ö˶ܵĵط˵ؽѣⲻصսר˵ص
ȴ˷ɣϼ˵еصȷϡ棬Ǿֵ˵ЩԲֻǵصô򵥣ȣصʯڣıǡȵȣֻ˵һ⣬ص;
ִ£ԴȰʲôûʲôȥһĿȻα˷࡭
ɣϼ˹˹ȴȲˣ¶˵ӱȡһǥһӣµڣýŵھϣǥˮıڷԣоףŰѴϵϵڸǥϡ
ĿӵôҪ
ھĽ˵ǿһľھϣϵϱҲͨľҲͰˣ·һۿϵŵոµı̾¶ˡ
ԭˣ벻һﻹͦϸģ
ϵӣ㰴ָ㣬ܵڵĵطܵڣȴȫ
ɣϼһˮõǦͱھڱߣǡαװһ£ɣϼ
ǰһ٣Ҳûʲô׼ͨԵúǳѹ֣ڣֻǿֵͲһ򿪣յͲͨͬ磬˵һʵ̫˷ˣһ·ϣͼͣ
˳߹ͨܿҪӽʯˣʱе쳣
ʯڲԶĵطһѰߵѣ
ӦЩڱ˿ӣȻûڴصҲӦòԶˣ˵صĶڣõصʱ̮Ŀܡ
룬ں˵ûʲôƣһҹ˾ҲͲӣû𶯣ص̮ĿԾͺС˵úܣ㹻ʱڱ˼֮ǰ뿪
˵ĻЩЩĵҲ΢һЩ
ѣû͵ʯڸǰʯŹֵĻƣóǿǶϸĿһ顣
ȻɣϼָʯϽЩѪҺȻ󾲵ʯڴ򿪡
ʯϳѪ֮⣬ɰ㶯ҲûС
ЩԺˣʲôҪɣӵܵѪҺʲô䣬ԿʲôģôҲûУô°
ӵ˰죬Ҳû˵ʲôʯڻԶ򿪣Ҫɣϼ˿һЩԼȴ£ȡ˳˵࣬漴һո첲ѵһʯϡ
⡰ѵһ죬ʱܵﴫԶһõѵѡ
ɣϼ˵Ŀһ˽ס֮һ¡
֪ʯͷǼӲԼùö£ʯȴһ㶯ûУôãӦҲǰ״
˦첲סѵѵʯڣһ£ü°ɣе
ܵƲõǳĴһʮ߰£ʯȴһ㷴ӦҲûУʯȻӲӵһͻ֮£ʱ˺üݡ
ݺݵһҵ̲ס֣ͣ˵ֲôӲԭӲĿʯң
ɣϼһԣ̲סʵô֪ӲĿʯң
ӶӣһƬʯͷмݵɣϼǰٺ١Ц˵㿴ʯͷǴϣʵĽṹȴǼΪܣҪʲôģкϽͷ
ôᶮôࣿʯмϹȻŴɳһ㻹ŹĿɣϼָ׿һ£룬ûǽԼָ׻һ飬ɣϼɵúʵ
ӡٺ١һЦ˵ǴĽһʱ䣬ҵһ󳡣ʯͷͨСӣ棬Ͼڸ
Ѫô£Ȼ׹ԼôҲʯڵԭ򣬵ǡѪȻǸš
ץץԴ˵ô£Ҳ̫ҿӦʯмϸѷйأ
ѷйأɣϼ̲סʧ
˽һ뽫ֵ׼ʯڣϸȥʯϣܹóһ˿ѷ졣
ЦЦ˵ʵЩѷ죬Щ֮䣬ϸ΢Ҫµ΢ɡ
ԭˡʱǰԼˣʲôɣӵѪܿأʲôŷ磬ԭֻԼСˣõĴֲԼ;طΪ档
һС桱ԭô򵥣
ǺǡЦ֪Ϊʲôÿ˶ħɣΪ㲻˽ħַ˾̫ӣⲻ֪ʵԽǿĶ䱾ʾԽǼ򵥡
˵꣬ǺǡЦһٴ˦첲ѵѵҿˡ
ˣһˣһЪһɣϼһһЪһһ󣬲֪Сʱ
ɣϼʮǣһһòʮصĴѵѵĶһСʱһȻûһƣ̬
ʵҲӲֻۣһһ뵽ֻҪҿʯڣ̾ͿõǺĽ鱦ǣҲͳ
ƱӲƣĶ
ʱʯѾҳڰСһӡ
ӣʯ˵ûʲôӰ죬Ƕ˵ȴ޾ĲƱֽһԣԽԽ
ɣϼͲΪʲôءһʼЩ棬ʯôҲֲϣǱһϢֻʱһɣϼ̲סЩ˯⡣
ɣϼһݲס˯̲סЩʹԼϵףɣϼϣոԼףԼ˸䡣
ոսɣϼϣɣϼȻѹЩɣϼϽףݵǰ˵촩ȥС
ǰƣû£㣬ðˡ
ӽһӣĴ˵飬ֵܣ㲻үǶ𣬹ٴ󴸣ұ֤˻¯һ
˵ţӻĨһѺˮ
ô˻ᣬɣϼعָӣҶ磬˵˶ٱˡ


171 ɣұأ3
۸ͷ۽ýһ硯ţƾʲôҪ㶫硭ƤЦ˵
ߺߡĺ˺ߣ˵Ҫһ磬ͼȥɡ
һʲô˼
Ƭ̣תͷȥǶ±Լҳһ󰼿ӵʯڣץץԴ԰һˣңҰæôã
֪𣿡ǿЦ⣬һʵ
ﰡһãȻ
ָָԼԴ̲סЦ
ӼЦȴһãȻʯڸԴʲôϵ
ӻû׹ҡҡͷ̾˿˵һֱΪĵطֻ仰ͽ⿪ɻ󣬿ǣڼḻȴû뵽һ£
ӴʯջĿ⣬һԻ󣺡ļ£
ֻЦеĿӣ飬Ҫ̽һ硱Ҫͼȥʯڡ
Ϊһ£ӼʹᣬҲһ硱ģû뵽һģһĭִ˴֣Ҫȥմˡ
ʱɣϼףվʲôˣ
ϼҲϽһ硱ԼǾ᲻ѣӣ
һᣬѾѵѵʯڡ
ˣӣס֣Ҹ˵
ӻعͷһЦ֪̲סԼ˵ġ
һ˵ԼҪĵطҪʲô˵˵ˣҲûֱ˵Լ뵽ʲô
ȻǰȫˣǲرĵطȻǰȫˡƲƲ죬ԥĴ
˰ȫأǡرĵطȷǲһ;һ˵
һ󣬵ʵҲ벻ˡر֮⣬ʲô;
˵һ;ܷ˻ɣϼ˵
ĴָЦеĿӣ˵𡭡
һãͨ˿رȷܷ˻ǣʯʲôϵ
ӻû׹ҡҡͷЦ˵ѪʲôģʵӼ򵥡Ǿǣһ˷˻ҪľǶܣڶܵʱҪľǡݡ
ĶĶôԽԽͿˣҡԴ˵
ٺ١ЦЦ˵ǰͭһ־ˣⲻʲô£ֻ¶Ѿ˼ʮϰ꣬类ǵ˶ѣҲûἰѣɣҵǰˣϧӿŪӲʯͷ˲ر߶ܷ˻룬ԼҲҪʱ򣬻ҪһֽţԲԣз˻£ܴܲһˣŴʯͷ԰ɣ
ɣϼȴЩɣ˵Ķ԰ɣһҪ˸Žô죬Ǹʱˣûըҩʲôİһʯڣܵס
Ӳ˵ˣʯͷӲĿңֻҪ㹻ĺʵ˸ըʯڣˣʹطˡ
ܹٵĽ棬̵ֹܹʱըֹֻһ˲䣬ɻ˵˵Ӧлصģ
˵ͷԣӦ򵥵ĻأҪȻ̫ӵĻһ˻Ҫ¡
԰ӻȻĵ˵ͷֻǲŹƬ̣ЩޣһͷߵֵָܣӦ뵽˵ģԲԣȴĿ˦첲մ󴸣㡭ˣҡȱ²ȱ°
ֵܣ㲻еôУĽҲɫѿһϽЦ˵ҲǸող뵽ģող뵽ġ
ɣϼں棬ʯڣ˵أﰡ
Ҳŭ˵ص
֪ʯڡ
лأǿȷˣǻǲ֪
Ȼ֪ǿҡ
һ˵ҪһأҪ˵ӣɣϼҲȤ
һվʯǰ棬ֵֻһ𣬿ʼһһʯѰ
Ƭ̣ӵֵ⣬䵽һߵʯϣһƴСһԲ͹𣬺˷ܵĽеӦһ
˵ţƣǸ͹ϣʹ̵ǰһơ
һԡԡһЦô򵥵ľͽﻹҪըҩ
һʯڹȻ˿һҲûȻԲεͻ𣬲ǻصڡ
ֻӺ٣Ҳں˵ʲôջƣʯѰ
ңһһĿ˸飬ҲҲһǸԲ͹ǿصĵطӺƣֵܣȥҪҵʲôʱ˵лأԻغܶ
ЦЦ˵Ҫأ͸ˣֵõҰɣҲţеʱ䡣
룬˵ȥҲǰ취ʶһѣԸըҩ磬ȥŪЩ¡һʲôˡ
һ˵ŪЩըҩɣϼһضըҩըҩһըʲô¶ݶˡ
¶ڶǼС£û׼ըҩһ죬ͨǿʲôˣҲһطǲըҩ
˺һӲŶ˵㲻ǮôõǮضȻǲͿ׶졣
ɣϼüͷ˵ǺãͰضˣҪȥ˼Ҳģ˵˼ҲģƤҪʱ䰡
Щ٣ըըҲһҲţǮȥɣֵʱ䣬⡭ĿһʲƱҪûˡ
ʯڣϸϸĿ˺һͻȻʯڵϽǣЩ֣˵ֻ֣طЩ⻬Ȼĵط𲻴󣬵Ͼ˿
˵ʯڣӲĿһԵɣ⻬ĳ̶ӦһģΪʲôǸ΢⻬Щأ
ƣǸ΢⻬һĵط΢΢˵һƣȻ䣬ֻһ΢죬΢⻬һĵطʱ˽ȥΪ
ŰȥԼôһط˷ܲѣصĵطҵˣ
ԭЩɥӣһ˻أʱһԸ־Ͱڻ档
ɣϼҵ˻أʱҲ
ְڻϣٴʹ̵һ
һݽȥĻضʱĴ磬طҲƶˣӦǵ˵ײ
ȻƵ˵ײʯȴûԤ¡¡һ֮ʯھԶ򿪡
˵˰Σʯڰ㶯ҲûУһ̲ס
ô£


172 ɣұأ4
˰Σ̲סǰʯһƣһ˲䣬ʯھȻϢĴһ
ˡ̲סȸԾֱӾ˵ߣȥš
ֻ±ӷСʱûҿʯڣʱȴΪɣ־ƿȥ
ű򿪣ɣϼһ󼤶һҲǺ
Ǵˣȴ͸һ˿쬵磬һɲǼ䣬̲סٴδ˸䡣
ȲǿͲȥŷ֣ʯɵġš㳬ʮ֣
˼ӲĿʯңֺʮϣըҩըһʱҲһըĿ
ɸ̾ôصʯͷֻҪ򿪻ֻһƾͿȻôɣÿǹɵġ
ʯűֻͨɻϴΣԼйɡģôֿˣ
ˡʯš࣬Ҳ̲סЩʧʯűֻһͨзƱҡ
û֮еĽƱϾʹ˰ݣתñкɣϼһֱӾ͵ǰȥ·
ɣϼ׻ˣҲԼıӵ
ڣɣϼҲǼҪŪԼһֱûġɣұءǲġȷ¡
̾һֻôԼףű
һļÿԣǰ濪·Ҳֻġ·ֱǰߵǽҲö࿴һۡ
ͨܳ˵Ҳʮף˾ͷͣǰûȥ·Ƕȥ·
ӳԲ׼ɣҲر׷ʲôطҲͲҵȥߡ
Ҳ֪׸ߣڲڱϣϸĿһ顣
Ҳ뿴СðֱҵءֻϸϸĿһǰͨȻûһͨ͸һ˿
ô£
ϸϸĻһ飬һ˿ԼȷǿеģǣһʱѾ࣬һΣȻҲûˡ
ѵ֮ǰѾ˷طܣԼδ֮ǰѾڿʼתơء
뵽Ҳ̲סԼһ
ǰǻһҲ֪ôģֱѡмͨͷЦЦ˵ֵܣ˵ģ򵥵ķֱӾм䡣
ЩȻԼǰֶû˵ʲôаԼ˵ģ
ֻû죬ӾѾ˳ȥԶˡ
֮£Ҳֻøں棬мͨȥ
мͨǰһպһ棬ȴԽԽͣǰ߲ʮףµͳʪ
ΪԽߣԽǽӽˮ㡣
ǰϼÿһȥȥˣ̧ʱܹһŵͣ棬ֱŢߵó쳣
ʱӷһʲô
ΪܹͨһߣӷʲôȻҲͿ
ɣϼ󣬼ȥϵĶʵʲô
ӽϵĶһССģմı
Ҳ˲࣬Ǳһֻϲ˲ʱ¶һıĿһ顰ԬԿǡ
ӿ¶һԬԿǣʱЦ⣬˵ԬԿǣҲܹϺüٿ鳮Ʊ
Լǰһջ
ɣ㣬ϵܣɵùҡһ߽ԬԿǵһߵȥһɣϼƵ˵
һԬԿǣɣϼȻϣҲȥӶ˵
ں˵ɣҵĶôô̰ư
պԬԿǣ˵ϸ̰ƣ·ģǲɣҵģ˵׼ҪҵɣҵıأֻҪȷϣһְҶԲᶯ
ҵɣҵıأȥţ
סЩɣҵĲƱҪӴϣԼʶҲһʱ䣬˭֪Ǹʲô˰
ʰԬԿǣӸˣ߹һһԪ˵ԼѡˣҲɣҵıأǰ治Զĵطء
ȻѾʼֻˮһȴܲˣһ˫۾ʱϿһۣܷܲıŵԬԿǡ
ɣϼߵúǳһǰŲ
ȻѾʼֻˮͨŴ𤣬һȥû˽ף̧˵Ҳճ˺üϡ͡
ңԽǰߣݵþԽϡҲԽࡣ
ǰˡںһ
ֵܣǵˡȴǰ˷ܲѵĽ
ǰ棬һȽϿһ䷿Ӷݣһɣң濿ߵĵطм֮ѡ
Ӧ֮ģõʱټӵ汻ˮݵˣҲȥ棬ҲͱһЩסˡ
ڵˣ˷̾ŲŽŲǼСŲȥ
վڡݡġſڡٴüͷ
˵淢ֿɡɣұءĻһְҲȥģ
ӵıСӣȡ˳˵ְֵ࣬ݵɣϼǰŶɣϼ˵ɣ㣬æţڡ
СɣұءɣϼһƬհףԼ֪ЩʲôܵܵѧѣҽƷѣٵҵСȥ׷ӡߡ
ӰֵݵԼǰɣϼеĽӹֵ磬׼ڵһɽ
㲢񣬵ҲŴһȥһӣȴֵ˦˼£ճһ顣
ӲʹӸɴӣ٣һ٣ﻹ˵ι˵ֵܣôվţ㵹ǿæ
ֻվſڣɫЩľȻĿżѣҲûҪæ˼
˵䣬ٿ˵һѣȷһӣѾʼˡ
˦˦ϵͣȡڱӣסӸǶһᣬӸϵһľ壬Ӧֶơ
˼ΣӸǶҲȫ򿪡
ɣϼ΢΢ǰ㣬ֵս棬ŷ֣װһЩϺõĽ
ΪˮݵʱЩѾûʲôôˡ
ӽЩһĹӵʱƳ飬ֻӺ⣬ЩƬһȫŵһߡ
װӣҲװһЩصĶοһЩͦصģ˵鱦ƱҲӵײ
ֻǣʧѵ£ȫó֮ȴûʲôƱ鱦
һٴȥ׿ڶѣŵģȷҲһӣңҲȽϴ
ùӹǣɣϼǰŲһϸȥĶֻǿĶ֮ɣϼ̲סһ̾һ


173 
棬һϡһĳںڵģǿܿЩ״ĶװŵӦЩ֮ģȻҲͲʲôء
ڻعһǲһ˿һȥɣҵĲر룬ҲӦŪǲɣҲر˵
Լһ۾ܹóûСɣϼȴǿģ˵ɣϼӣڶԡءҲܹŪɣұءǲĴڣɣϼҲѾˡ
һ㣬ҲٴڡſڡѵŲŽŲݣߵߣ˵ʲôҲûУ翴Ǹѡ
Ӳģһ󣬲ûܸоʲôһͬ˵ƻһŵζ
ʧ֮࣬ӽһߣ˵΢ŲŲָŵǸǰ˫֣ȥѡ
Ѳֻ˲ӣͰǿѵĶˣ¶һܷſӵľ͡
ͲҲߣװƵĻҲܹװʮˮ
һͣӸӣһ̳ƣҲǽѲ˲ͷаŪȥĻһüǮˣͣҲӦǹ˰ɣǺǡ
ܷ͵ĲϣӦý͵Ĳϣмճסһֽˣطǳʪ˲ܷȴһҲû
ʹ̵˫ֱžһᣬΪӦһ;ƵģӲî
룬;ȻᣬҲʮǾһӡͨһžͣ
һΪʲôأ̲סһӡ
ӡɣϼҲʧ˳
ڵϣСķſͣ澪棺ôǿյģ
յģûʲô£ӣʵ
ᡭմһŴϡ࣬һ£վüͷͷ˵
ᣬҲ˵沢ǴԤװ˾ˮ
ǣȻװžˮģôֻỹܷŰ浽װŵʲô
һ̳ѲضĺþƣӶЩʧ֪ˡ
һ˲䣬ͻȻðһɡһɺɫɺɫϢûɵһ
ϢȻûˮ￴ǹɭɭȴԵøëȻ̳Ķаǡа
ӣֱӾʹӾ͵ܷ⴦ͱȥȻûнѲصĺþƣҪܷ⣬Ҳûʲôǡ
ۡһ΢죬ӴֽܷճһͲֻҪһᣬܷܴ򿪣Ҳܹ˿
šһ漴סӣ˵򿪡ܴ򿪡
ӱͲʹ죬ɵüͷ˵ֵܣʲô˼
ɣϼҲ΢΢һʲôܴ򿪵ģʲôܴ򿪣
ӵ֣˵ǣⶫá
ƲƲ죺ʲôã֪ʲô
ҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôҡҡᵽһΣյϢܷ򿪣¾Σٵʱ򡭡
ǺǡһΪȻ̳ʲôأ˵ΣգȻҵġ
װ׵ľǸվ̳ӣʲôΣգΣգֻΣյȥ
ԣһҪܷ⡣
󼱣ԼġϢȷʵаԼ治֪ɡаʲôĶģӲҪȰӣҲòһ˵ɡ
һ£Ȱ˵Ӽ䣬˭Ҳ룬;һ͵ܷʱӹѳ˼顣
ܷѣʱоᵽһŨҵĴ̱ǵζܳŻ
һ̣̯ĺɫϢ̴ʢҲһϱһˮһ㣬ݶ񡭡Ĵ
ֻζȻΪţվסˣſڱǵɣϼùֵ磬ֱ̳档
һ̣ɣϼˣһЩĹͷ
۵ͷǣССԴҪСһĹǺϸСͬһЩ֦ӣӦǸСӵĹǺ
ŰĹǺɣϼļһ͵ȥ
Ͻһ֣סɣϼеӣϽߡ
˭֪һﵨӣһҽɫϢǴʢ
ߡӡɫ䣬һ߽Уһ߳ɣϼҪݡӡ
һ̣ӿиһ豭ϸĶ䶯
һӶʱǼ˹һԳֲ֮ɫһҲҪˣŤͷߡ
ֻһ˫ŲһҲǳ
Ӿʧ룬תͷʵʲô
ߡߡһգۣӾʹܵɣϼǰ棬ЬβҲˣֱӳһֻţҪܡ
ߣܷŵľ棬һߡ
ȷһߣʱӵӽѹߣĴӾ̽ͷ
һ̣ǿˣһаĶͷ϶һͬڻһȴһ˫ڵý۾ɺӵߡ
ʲôߣô۾ڵߡһ˲䣬ĵһӦܣߵһʲôߡ
ӴʱѾܵ뿪ɣϼ˲ʮ׵ľ룬оûתͷ쳣Ľе硭ǵܰǿ߰
벻첻µز£Ȼ¡ߡңµҪ
ʱͷϳһߣھͿ̽ѰһһͷĽһ漴Ӻ³һϸߡ
ȴǿ³ģһߣһƶҺңһƶҺǳɣϼġ
һƶҺǿͬһļƼΪˡ
æ֮У˳±ıֱӾ͵ɣϼǰ
žһ΢죬һƶҺոıֻһ˲䣬ıðһɼΪ̱ǵ֮䣬ͱҺʴǧٶĶϡﻩֱ
һѾû˼Ʊߡ
˭֪ıûɵȴٴηһӾﵯ˳źһŴ죬¶ŰֱӾӭ򱳰ֺߣ䶾ޱȣײ쳣
ʱɣϼʵ̫ţߣ߲ˣ㣬޴ɶ㣬Ĵһ˾Ȼһ̱ȥ
뷨߳ŵǵһҧס˶һʱѳ߼Ȼһҧס˱Ϳ˵ʱûʲôΣˡ
룬Ȼҧס˱Ҳֻ赲Ƭֻ̣һƬ֮䣬߾ȻӴ˱
Һٴʴ͸ɣϼ˹
ƫƫʱɣϼ־£̱ϣ벽ҲŲȥ


174 ûлͷ·
Ӽɣϼ˾þõûתҪȥæֲңһǾԼ
ʱѾΣԼĵزöҺƱٴʴһ󶴣ƶ֮ٴηһһٴε
߼Ϊ׺Լֱӳ˹һŴ죬ֱӾͶ׼ţı̾ᵽһɶѬҲ͸
Σ֮ʣҲ˲Ѿ̱˵ɣϼֵһӣ˹ϣѾɵŵĹߣһͶʱ˸ա
ֻβһڣȻ˳ƾͲ֣һŤǳªԴٴҧԴ
һ̣Ҳ֪ĵһץߵߴ磬ʱץ
ץסߣʹȫһȥ
һͨߣضᱻϼͷ룬ߵ弫ΪӲ쳣ʹƴһҲֻǽߵҧԼ˿Ҳ˺߰㡣
ߵĹһͣǡĽһ漴ţſ˴죬ӣ̾Ҫһܹʴ͸ĶҺ
ǧһ֮ʣһšӲĽߵԴŤ˸Ҳһ̣һɺɫĶҺĶӣ˳ȥ
ֻһΣ³ĶҺȵһ˺ܶ࣬ң˶ҺҲ΢΢һ
оߵ΢˵˲ֱ۱÷ʹһӲĽߴϳȻҲû룬ֱӾͽ˳ȥ
˹ߣһɵɣϼһֻ֣ҪĿ
ɣϼţȻԼţҪ˺ֻܶ࣬ɣϼ־£סЪ˹ؽ
ǰһ˫ЬҲﻹ˼ô࣬˵һ˫ţȴһ˫ЬҪö࣬ԣЬӱˣĶ˲١
һգۼ䣬ɣϼ͵ӸǰʱһңȴҲ˵һڼϣɣϼԸ
ߣʳϾʹ˶һֽУֱӾ͸˹
󣬿ɣϼ񱼣Ϊ٣̼䣬Ѿ˲ڱϡ
ֻӶ죬߸죬ɲǼ׷üζҧɣϼЬӡ
ſӵļϣۿ׷ᣬζҧɣϼｹѣҪһ¹ߣȴֿûκζ
͵طֵ˲ڱϣһת䡭
ڵΣֱţ»ܵǶʯڱϣɣϼͻᱻҧУ˵һʯ߲ԶˮҪˮͱضҪϺЩҪЩʱ䣬ֻ߿׷ᣬﻹжʱ䡣
ԣ֮£ֻת䡣
ƫ߼ߵʳȴҧУһͣ٣ͣĺȻһֱֻ񱼲ѵӡ
һ̣Ӹոյ˲ڱߣ˵ֱӾתұ߲ȥ
߼ǲɣϼظһߣֱֱķ˳ȥ²ֹɳȥʮԶ
ۿ߻һ߷˳ȥҲ֪˶ԶϽѾ˲ӽе졭
˵ţһɣſɣϼ
һ񱼣˵Ҳֻһգۼ£ȴ۵϶˰ĭǽ˵ϣִŴȡһԡ
ײײĴӵ˿ҲûԥӺߡ
΢΢һǶߵĿ־壬ɣϼһͷҲصĴ
ʱҲǷɹͷŭһͷ׷˹
ǰ΢ЩңŵҲȽϸȻӳŽţȴ˼ʮصıٿȻٶȻ˲١
ƫɣȻ΢ȴһתۣ岽岽һ䣬ۣҪ˵߸ǳЩͷ
ÿÿ׷Ǽ˲ԶĵطͻȻ֮ʧȥĿ꣬һ׷ϣһ𣬾ܹҧʳģȴһͷײ˲ǽϡ
߲ײͷҲЩͷˣסĺţƶβ̫ܼ߾ȻԽ׷ǾԽԶ
ӿɣϼһ֪˶ԶǹĹ߽ԶЩӲŷɣϼԼȴһƨڵϣţѡ
ҲѾ۵͸ŲǽڣסĴϢ
ʱ򣬾δɣϼǾ֣ڴڵĴסİϼƺҪӼǽȥһ㡣
ִߡĽûӣһվĶͨͷͻȻ֮߾ͳǰ
˿̧ͷӣôô³
㡭ûҧ㵱ȻˡҪȥҧһԡӲŴ
ԭֲһʼ죬һߣȶ˲һ뵽̲סҪЦ
ֻһߣͬһ㣬˵ҧǱĶҺ絽ҲȻȥһԡ
£߽׷ᣬǸɲˣָô죿
ô죬ӰɡϢ΢ЩңǡĽֽ˲٣ڲӣͰ
һΣ۵еȣҪȥɣϼȥɣϼŷԼѾҲòϡ
ѣתͷ˵ͷö˵Ҳ֪ɣϼԼߣ米
Ӵɣϼıȡ˱õֵ磬ǿɣϼϣͷǰȥ̽·
ɣϼֱƣߣͣɣϼɣϼʱѾǿָЩĿʵǡǻ᲻ᡭﰡҪǡҪǶ衢Ǹô찡
ҪͷߵĻ̫ˣȻոո߽һ֣ҪȥߣûǸˣֻۣͨûͷһ㣬Ҳ֪׻ͨ
ԣҲһĪչڴʱӦһʱҲ׷ҲԳʱ취
ӵıȺӵˣھʣɣϼһСңǰͰѹʲôһԶԼɣϼıװŵģȫʳˮԼΪıֵ硣
ɣϼıȡЩʳ˷ˣſȪˮǰһЩ
ֻɣϼʳǹɣԼҽԺ裬ҲԲȥֻĬĬᡣ
ϵʳֺ꣬һˮȰزʵҲû뵽ģԲˣֻҪͨͨģжԶǶܻ߳ȥġ


175 ж
ɣϼһ˫ţһ˫ҲʣһֻЬӣȻѡ
ſȪˮ˶Ӹ΢ָЩͼȥɣϼһ̣ɣϼȴҡͷܾˡ
ǰΪԼܵ˲СľţԲߣԼָһЩҪӻ͹ⲻȥˣ˵Ҫӻ۵ùˣַʲôĻǿ˶ȫ
ɣϼϣ̾һҲ֪һγ̽Ǻ»ǻ£˵鵽һǶԲˡ
ǰһΣǹߵġԵĽࡣ
ƫƫʱǰӴһҲ
֮Ѿûȥ·ǵͨͷͨ˷úõһͨȻµģ
šĽԽԽҲһӳһͷ󺹣ô죿
ĿͨһҲ͸˵ȥҳֵļһ
ô죿ٵ˼һ£תͷǿɬĶ˵ӣȥԸߣ㸺ٶȣԭ·أ
ɣϼһᡣ
ȥԸߣʣҲ·һһﱻҧˣһߣȷͱȥ֣ɣϼԼҪ˵æܹˣѾϲˡ
һ΢΢ʰһ飬˵飬ҶԲңӦþһˡ
˵ˡɣϼ˵
ҧ촽һߣȴ־岻ѣһʱ֮Ҳ֪˵ʲôá
ͨǵͶˣӾԲľµ˵ʲôûˣҪôҪôһ군
ǵ׶ңУҪĶȫӵӣסʱʱһʹϼҪܣǧҪҡ
ֵܡҲỨһԼףһɳһ
Цҡҡͷ㻹ǲϽһ硯
ӣһ׳ֵܣȻͬͬͬôҲиʱͬ˵ʮģҲǰûǼּ룬Ҳ֪Ǽּ밡һ硯ôеóڰ
Ӻɣϼһϲһ˵ˣҪһΣҳͺúõչϼ
û˵꣬ĽѾߡ
֣ӺɣϼǰһվǰеӣϼͰˡһðĴȥ˹ҲŹ㡭
УѾǰڵһţһһĶҺ
ͨձܿҺһ֣˷ӭŹ߾ȥһҲһһߣֱš
׼˹õĻУǰһֱͣӾڵȥ
ҲͲ豭ϸͨߣֻҪҧףһʱҲͻɲڣʱȫ˳˳Ʒ
ǣߵǼģҧסһգ۾֮䣬ͱҺʴһ󶴣⣬ֿȭ˲
Ҫ˵ײϣŵģҲֻΪ˸Ӻɣϼȡһת˲Ļᣬһ˲һҲû˰취
ߴŵ죬ȻһӾҧֲŵϣͬʱһ䣬Ȼٴνֱ۲ϡ
һ˲䣬ȣߡһ֣ߵߴ׽ȥ
һ̣ᣬҧɣϼٶȴߴ˹ȥ
΢ԶЩӻعͷһ硭ǵ㡭
ߡٴδȣʱߺѾףҪʼݣҪץסߴ磬Ȼ˦һܡ
ߵʳٴηȻ׹סһ׶೤ӣȴѸٵȫֱϣҽ߾ȫŤӡ
ϵеһһƫƫһ֣һצץȥȴûץߵߴ磬ץ˹ͷǶ伦һ֮ϡ
룬ߵ쳣Ӳͷϵȴһ޻һ㣬ʮһץסͻȻĽһͬʱӸЪ˹ңӦһε˶Һ׶ʱðɴ̱ǵ
һ˲䣬׹ߵ㣬Դϵ֮ϡ
ֻǾҵ˹ߵ㣬һʱҲ޿κΣֱزţҺѾҪʴ͸ˣһʱֲ֮ɿһɿҪץסɾˡ
鼱֮£ԾץŹߵţջ֣ǰֱ͵Լǰ棬һ죬ŹߵĲҧȥ
һڣҲƴҧԼٹƬ̣ϵױҺʴãҺҲᴥԼ֣һҺԼ֣ԼҲ·һ׳ʿϱۡŹԼǸһҧȥͬھ
֪߼ΪӲΨԼһҧ֮ҧס֮󣬻ͣĴǣ¹߱ҧĵط΢΢ġ֨֨һɼΪȳҺӿҲˣֻҧŹߣͣشݡ
߱ҧţҲʹŤø΢ġ°͸°͡Ĺǽڴ۶еľ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻоϵĹߣƺ˺ܶ࣬æ֮УɿͣץŹߵʹһ룬һȻߵԴ˼ҡ
ҰԴҧˡһ˲䣬ʶԼȻһԼҲû顪һڻҧһ涾ޱȵߵԴ
ţ漴֣ϵףĶҺҪʴԼֱˡ
æͷӵԶԶģ°ٽϵ׳¡
һ̣ĿŶҺһʴá
ЩôԼȴҧϣ˲ٵѪԼ᲻Ҳ˶Ҫ˶ԼҪҪȥ
Լ˶ȥʲôͻȻ뵽Ȼ˶ȥʲô
ԼԭҲûٴųȥڣԼȻɱߣҲͬھѡ
Լ׽ɣϼԼȷʵңɣԼˣԼҲֻǰɣϼһҪĺѶѣԼɣϼûʲôǷ֮롣
һȻŽʶ죬ʱ̸̿Լŵ硱ǵһ̣ǽ硱ֽ˳
뵽ɵЦˣɣϼԼѣӣԼֵܣԼҪжȥҲֻɣϼӸ˱αأ
ţ΢΢Цȥǽڱϣر۾
ڵȣԼ


176 ٺ
Ժ֮䣬ԽԽ䣬ǱӶ꺮סһ㣬¶ʧȥ֪˼άóٻ
һǶ֮ǰͷ
ʶķһԼޱߵĺڰ֮зĿĵطţޱ޼ͬյĺڰ֮Уһ˹ţЩ־壬ҪһҲʹ
ˣҪˣԭҪ˵ʱĸоģ
дŵһ˿ʶš
֪˶ã÷סԼĺһĿʼڻѾʧȥ֪壬ظоһů⣬֡š壬޲ůţңůůĸо𽥵ļǿ
ůⲻϵǿʼܸоȣȣǱ˽Լﱻ̫˿üСʱˮϣȣΪܣûƬ̣Լڵˮ֣ͱһ롣
ţ֣˼Ϊܵȣ˿Լտһ㣬һһտţˮֻ֣һ˲䣬㱻ȫɡ
ԭȻôʹ࣡
ˮۿԼһĴ
֮ʣһңԶ÷·ߣǸΪһأһֱ
˱Ų֪ӺζĸأֻúǷɣɵ̲סЩ˯⡣
˯˹ȥֻǣ˯УɸоԼһǳӣӵˮһֱ˼ڻտ
ˣȣҲ֪˶ãڣĳһʱ䣬һů֮ԼһЩ
Ŭ΢΢۾һ۵ģһƬѩףԼһǳϤĶƿ
һɲǼ䣬һţ
ѩ׵컨塢ƿҽԺеĶҲ˵ԼҽԺš
΢΢һ߶ʱһ
šǾ뵡һǧ·һ㡣
ȻǾ뵡ԵľóǸŮӵɣϼ
˯ˣոձѵɣϼۣ̲סϲҭҭðΣ˵µˣ
šһ΢΢һӣûʹңҲЩ⡣
ɣϼ춫񣬸ϽҡһЩܹţ˵˰ɣӳȥȥˣһͻ
Ҫһôôڲˣ۾һۿģȻ⻹ʲôֵܣ
ɣϼöסˣӣЩǣ΢Щ̷ۣһߵƣһ߸˵Ϊʲôġ
ʱɣϼҪǰܣܿͳˮɣϼϵַ֮ҪˮȥʱɣϼȻǾţȴĻָӣȥա
ɣϼͱ˾˵֮󣬺ܿоԮԱ߾˵ǰ
ȷ˶ɵǣһʱ䣬ܱߵһֱŲС꣬͵ͭǵĵˮλѸǣӴžԮԱҵʱ򣬷ӣͶˮסˡ
ٺԮԱ͵ҽԺĶӿسˮһЩΪŵĶҽ˵ЩǶҺҽú֣˵ҧˣҺӦѪȫķǴϲû鵽ҧ˺ۣθȴسܶ඾ҺǺ֣
ЦЦ˵ԼȷûҧԼһڽҧأɣϼɣϼսľֱؿڡ
ǡãʱһѶһȻѾһЦĸɣϼ˵Ż
һ󼤶Ҳţֱ˵ϣȻ
ƫɣиʿ·Ӵű̲סҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵˰ɣ˶ȥˣôģʲôãǸϽ׼°ɣ
ոڡӼ̧֮࣬һ˫ָۣǸ·Ļʿһ߶ȥǸˡ˵á
ǻʿҲ濴һۣҡͷ˵ͷȰ˶¡°
Ǹʿˣӷ¶һᣬߣһʹϧ˵ֵܡҲͬսǡǰһ꣬ûȥһŵ˯ˣ룬һò߸ҧһڣǸʹԺ󡭡ԺһߣҾ͡Ҿ͡
ЦЦʵÿ˶һЩܿ־ĶһЩ˺ӰһӶ߲˵ģ˵ԼڻҲܺ¡
Ĩһ᣺ֵܣԺҲκζ˺ˡ
һм漴־òԣ˵ֵܣ硯ֶǽг˵ģô뷴ڣ
ٺ١ץץԴεЦǡʱΪߵðģšš
㡭ֵָˡ
ӡÿɣϼں棬ŵõ̷ۣûĺȵ
ӹԹԵõһߣɣϼӣȥι̲ס̾˿˳һԼİӣһ
Ƭ̣ﺬŴӣʵֵܣǽȥ֮󣬲ûߣôôŪġ
ЦЦҧģ߻ҧء
û˵꣬ӡۡһϽ죬ȥϴּ䣬˺һᣬüϴּۡĸŻ
Ȼжɵˮλߣڻ֮к˲ٵˮҲļ˶ԣټϾμʱ
ҽԺ죬ԺʱѾ¾졣
Ժ֮ɣϼϼҵļҵȫһ߿⣬һչţ統ʱ
ԼȥѰҡɣұء飬һֱڻ
ߣʲôƷ֣ôһӤǺܷһֻУɣұءǲʵڵģеĻʲôطУܵ˷ùǼСݣͨ
ȥ̽һ̽ϧǣܱߵյĴ꣬ͭǵˮλǣˮˮͨڶסˣҲֻ̾
˵ɣԺмͨܣھԮӾԮһ𣬾ʹ˿ȥңԽԽ
ɣϼǵȻúܣûҵɥˣԼһбûأɣϼνһ޴ıأ
ĵЩ£һлᣬɣϼҲŴһ¡
Ӵһ֪һЩ
˵ֳżһߣͭһǲڼΪƫԶ置һӦ˵һֱ˵ߣ䶾ԭǺȴΪײУСӵĹǺһܷھӦһּΪϵơķ
ΪһֹϵƷʲô֣ʲô裬Ĺֻʲôáȵȵȵȴǲö֪
죬ճĿţûüͣһˣһŮӣ
һŮӣһŮӣӵ۾Щֱˡ


177 
ŮӺƯòֱӼĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ʱҲЩ۾ֱǰӾĲ˼̫ޡ
ӵĻ˵ҪĲ˼ʧڣһϵÿͲ˵ˣҪһӣ϶ͻᱻǷѹֱƵ÷衣
ŮӵòͲ˵ˣɣϼվһɣϼͳ˸ģгŮӵף߹󷽣һ΢ЦĲ˼磬ȻҲһ׺͡
ʣϰ塭Ů˳ƯҲǰ񣬸Ǻò
ҾǡЦӯӯվʣʲôҪҰæĵط
ҲǿŮӣǶƯŮӣκ˶ܿһЩ
ŶǡáŮ΢һ΢΢ЦЦ
һЦһ̰ѻ׵ȥˡ
ãǡɺǿʵ
ѩүүҹġѩһ߻شһ΢ЦЩðɣϼȥ
ѩ˳Ҳĳ֮ʣ̲ס
ѩ˲裬ɣϼһһߣһǲˣѩ̫òƫƫһһ޲˼ҿڲźƵģɣϼðҲ͹ˣǶ
һ
ϸĴһѩ֣ԴԼɣˮܵҧ֮Լ۾࣬ԭһЩġЩģʵģӳҽԺ֮ٿˡ
ϵġɣϼϵġһ㵭ģŵƣɫϲϵġȴһɫģȻϵĺɫϢǱǰøģ
ѩϣһֵɫϢֵɫϢ⻪תͬһѩϣֱǶ֮
һΪ˵£ǵڣԼʲôܹңڲǰһ۾ͻúۣʱҲˣڣʲôֻҪԼ뿴ۿҲۣ֪ߵԭ򣬻Լȥöˣϰ߳Ȼ
ңоǣԼ֡ڣֱʲôʱ򿴣ܹʲôʱ򿴣뿴ˣȻ۾Ҳòգһ£ֻҪԼ뵽ÿˣЩϢ̾ȫǰʧˣ뿴ʱֻҪԼһЩϢ̳ǰ
֪㲻⵽շģ
ܹϵϢܹ⶯շģ˷ܣҲĸоɥĵط
ʲôʲôϢܹüȴԼĵʲôϢ
ߣĲԼɣΪԼû㣬ԣԼϢԼҲûӿõ
ܵ˵Լͦ˵ġ
ѩϵġѩھ˵ҲȻ׹ѩԼȥæˡ
Լ׿ڴӦҪȥֵܰæģû뵽ԼˣѩһŮ
ңûһЩǣǴԼȥμĲԶɽ磬ڼ˵иֵҲǣᵽǸҪĲ˼׵˽ʲôǼҿѩաǡָϵǳӦþǸǼҵģ
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ӸϽЦҡͷ˵ҪǮҪ¶Ҳÿʱ򿴵طҪСѱ˵һשһɽô
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ӾͲһˣһ˵С򡱱꣬۾̵ɵţ¶ǿɷǵȥһ˲ɣ
˭֪һתۣ˼һ֡顱һضˣ⻹ɵۡ


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179 
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ѩ漴ЦЦ˵Ĳֻ˵һ룡
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ˡ˵ıӵȷҺ⣬԰ѩһʱ֮䣬΢΢üͷ˵ӦòǿŵģԲԣһһرķ֪ҲĽָļֵԲԣ˵˵ʲô
Դһ벻ѩôȻֻô̵ʱͷԼ졣
ѩ۾Ƭ̣Դתǧٸͷһʱ֮ȴҲһĽ͡
ͣҪԼҪ˵ĺ̫ˣôءóǲϡ棬ǱһᣬֵߵͶֱܷóδ̫ˡ
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ѩĵ˵ͷһ˵ģ
Ӹɣϼ˴Ϊ죬ᡰֽô֪أ
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ʱѾһƬյ֮У˵һԭһֳӦʱڼ䣬ԣ˿ɽԱżѲһ֮⣬ϾͿʲô̡
վּ䣬ӵԵúǳأƣ񲻵ֻǡƭֱҪɱڡ
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ֻѩһЦסͷƤըԭ绨Цݺ棬Ȼޱȵа


180 ĵ
Ҳһ⣬ѩ˵ǡֻǿϵķϣһѣ˭֪˭֪ǾȻˣҡǣˡ
ǿɲɣѾ֪ǵĵϸҪôǸɣҪôǾ͸һ
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ۿѪܵʵ۾Ѫ
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ݿ־壬𺳣˲ĵѣ˫ŷ
ãӲŵӣָѩͷЩ᣺㡭롭Ҫʲô
ѩЦ绨˵Ѱһ˵еıˣ֪ǵĵϸȴֲϸǺˣԣֻɱ
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Ҳҹ˲ţȴûһܹ˵ý棬ѩȤ
ѩõκο飬Ͳʵμӽⲻѩı⣬Ϊʵ̫ᣬᵽողѧĴк
˵⻰ʱѩϳϣǴһ˿ǡ
ԭѩԵø֮дһ˿
һ˿ôˣĲ˼硢Ĳ˼ƯĲ˼ԸȴкԸӶ࣬Щ¡˵ںĲ˼ʲôҲûףȻǡ¡ҲͲԸȥ롣
Ĳ˼ĹҲȵİϧϾǹöˣŷ֣ԭԼϲģֻǹǼ¡ԥĶϾһ˿ͷ
ɣϼȷԼֺãɣϼ֡áʼմĵĵط˵ϿɣϼġáֻǰɣϼԼļˡˡ㣡
⼸Ů֮Уѩĳ֣ȻһЩ
ֲʲôԭҲ˵
֮ʣӶĶ䣬˵磬һ椶ζɲܸ
ع̾һ˵Ū㣡
ӡٺ١һЦĵҲ
û˵ѩŸոջعȴƤЦˣ


181 ˵
ѩǰ涼˵Щʲôǵˣڣѩ˵Ȼ˵ˣӸһԭƻһֺõ˳רչİȫڿİȫֻСչˡ
һʲôӦظһƣ˵Ҹֵܣ㲻˵İȫҲҪ𣬷İɣС㣬ڣڡ
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Žз򳪸⻰һڣ̾Ҫطȥ
ֻҪѩǰһԼֵͬ㣬ܹͬ˭֪ǰһ䡰šּһ򳪸桱ԼоҪѩԼǡ϶ϼˡ
Ȼѩüһ΢΢̾һ˵֪ˣ¶òҪϹϣáá¡
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ʲôҪҪĪĿѩ
ģһβμж˴Ϣ˵ҪܹҵһԽ뵽ǸطаʾҪҵǰһҽʵǼġ
ѩ򵥵Ľһڵ
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184 
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ԭľʱһһӣҪ򼶶䣬˭֪һ֣ȴֱӰȭͷ˶ϣ򼱻ˣȭͷҲ͹ϻһӣܶĵҩҲϣ˹֪ĸʯͷ
û˱ܳ浤ҩŤͷҪܣǣһ˲䣬һ澰
ԼҪܣЩҲҪܣ
ŵҩʱЩ򼶼һԶĵҩˣЩ򼼸ǡˢһ£˿Զ


185 
״̲סǰһϡЩԭ򼣬һʱ伫Ϊңˮ˿Զ룬Ҳһľ롣
ԭЩңϲ
ЩԭȷܶͨҪ౶ΪʳߵѪҺȻҽس٣ϾЩЩ򼺦µģǲϵĶأ
һ㣬̤ǰ׷Ӻѩˣ֮Щ򼣬׷׳ˮһ˶ܣʼձߵķΧ
ѩˣ紩һխ綾ĵضΣ˿һֻΪļĵط
عͷûӱһ硭
ڶﲻסĻص֮䶼һƬ硭硭硭硭
û¶򡭡ãŴ
һƬ򡭡򡭡򡭡ĻӲתͷѩһĵĵ˵һŮǰ˵㡯͵ˣ򣬼ֱײǴֱɡ
û˵꣬䲻һ£һ
ӻͷŭ磬Ҳȴк˻˵ġ
أôײ˭ĳЩϲҽƤЦ˵
˺ˣˣҪΣҸû˵ĵطȥڻиҪҪأһΡѩֻеθ鴤˵һտԹߡ
һ롰ĽһȻٴŭĿӡ
ΡѩˣѩûѡһҲĨȥˡ
һ·̵ʮƽӸ˸˭Ҳ˭ѩ£Ҳͷ·һʱ֮䣬õ΢ĺѾż̤ʯӷ
һʮƽ·̣ⶴѨ㿪ʼ£Խ£쬵ԽŨ⾹ȻЩ̹ǣ
΢ƽһĵطѩٴͣ±Ŀ˵ϢСʱúõĳԵһĵ·ǼգԣǱҪг
óѹɣſȪˮһ룬̲סѩС㣬ܸܲǣҪҵĶʲôطҪòõõ
ѩ˰Σ̾˿˵Ҫȥĵطһľرĵط
һԼĲرͼҪлŲرͼõأͷָɣϼһЩԼûšɣұءɣϼһ
û뵽⴦أ֪ˣңҪȥģǸط
ô˵ıأˣһȴ̹ǵ⻹Ҫ䡣
ġɫľȻѩһ˵ڽ⴦صĵط֮ʱһڽ֮ͷһͨͨ磬Ǹ¶ס˲˵ֻպӳȥٻھЩȻû뵽ǣһЩʳԶҩֻȲر֮ɣЩ͹һ㶾һ⴦ر飬ֻһ֪ǸܵĹȻ˳жѾģ壬Ҳֻ֪ܵض룬ڲر֮ʵϣҲֻЩȥ˵˲֪
˵ıأӦûû˷֣Сʵ
Ҫҵģʲôıأǲر֮һߣѩáһͭһۣ˵
Ҫҵһߣ̲סʵұҷߣҪ뱦ɽֻأ˵ߣôȥң
ѩͬáһͭһۣ˵˵ЩʳµĶһּΪơղţǾĵطЩ˰ɣǾĺҲزرҪҵľ
ٴһЩ綾򼣬ǹĺӻųȥʱҪһЩã˭֪ЩȻɫơ
ֲѩܲ˵ģһ£Լ̲סҪŻ
˶񣬰룬ѩҲ˵Լıͼһ˵ˣҸ˽Ǳͼ򿪣ѩҪġơԼӵôǺǡ
˭֪ѩǿ˼һ㣬ЦЦ˵үү˵ŲرͼϧǣŲرͼֻŷֽ
硭㡭һŲرͼһӼ
ûĴû˼˵ֻǷֽһţ㼤ʲô
Ϊʲôأ֮࣬ӻһ䡣
Ϊʲôءڣѩ˵˳ΪŲرͼϣƵͿϹһ㼫Ϊĸ֬Ϊǿ֪֬طִգҲ޷űͼƫƫֻ֪֬طˣǰѾˣ˵Ųرͼʲôã
ӲѵǸѾȥ֪֬ط֮⣬û֪ˣ˵ѵǸ˾û»֬ط
ѩҡҡͷǶ˵ѾҪˣʱϽ֮⣬Ҳҵһ·
һ£Ӹǳ
ŲرͼǷֽһţ
һ㣬ûڴͨر·أˣ΢ൢһʱ䣬ʱȥ˻֬򿪲رͼأѩ˵ҪһȦӡ
ϵ飬ʱôΣ죬Ĳرͼһֵǵıһգۣ˽죬Ųرͼоֵ˵˵ľһŷĲֵķֽˣ
һʧ䣬ѩЦ⣬ֻЦ⣺ʵŲرͼǾһֵģңһҲ֣
ֵһ򣡡һ˷ܣ٣ֱˣҪǿһǧ򱶣
ϧȴӰգѩǮֲںǮȻô˵Ҫǻˣ֪ŲرֻһŷֻֽһоֵܸʮҲǸ߼ˡ
ϢѾʮӣңһ·ҲоգЪϢôʱ䣬˵Ѿָ糣
΢ƽһĵطⶴĵθֱ£ҪͣͬҪ¡ӡһ㡣
ѩȡ˸ʵĵطϵΣֽѱտۡȵװʼ½
ӸˣûùЩȽߣȻѩϸĽ̹ˣǵʹʱǱֱš
ѩּΪ˵ãһ½һչˡ


186 ֮
Ҳ֪Զ˶ĵط˵ˡӡмһ򶴿ڣѩӼΪɵһ˶ڣȻкˣͬķ
׾Ļεһ£ǿ˶ڣҪ֮ʣεͷѾվȣ˱ӳţֱصȥ
ѩּۿ죬ɲǼ˫֣Ѿڵסһ
ƫƫʱҲĻң֮дԭЩصӣ̾ʧȥ˰ڵѩһĻ֮£Ǿס˸һ㣬ؽѩס
ûѩ㵹ֻѩּΪ˵ãڽӴһ˲䣬֪ʲôԼŵصƣŤת˸
ֻѩﱧѩŤתƣǴĳ˿ͷ
Ǽʯ鲻٣ıҲٲЩߣƫƫټѩˤһϱѵ׶׶һ㣬һʹĲҽС
ѩһŷ۵ϣǳĶ䣬ͺһʲôУ㻹ûء
ֻʵڱѵܲˣ죬ͣأĽš
ѩ̧ͷ۾յ㻹УҶµСͳ̶ȣûţ㻹С
˭֪ѩ˵꣬ɻǡĴвͣ
ʵˤñŵأʹʹһ£˴иֻʹ̼һ£Ͼ˹ѩԼԼ§ѩһȫλܽӴΣӿһֱİ
ѩӵ˰ԼҪװűˤɾͲýˡ
Ȼӱֱŵ䵽棬һʵ硭磬Ķˡ
Уһ߽УһߴСҵҵˡ
Ӵ󼱣ѩﻹ˵С㣬Ҷ硭㵹ǿ
ѩò״ֳ˳һŭĶƬ̣ͻȻ̧ȣĴһš
װ
ѩߺߵתߵһߣҲһʹúص
ѩߵֱӴӵͣԭشתűѩ˵ĵطǲͣĽţҵǰҵȡ
һ£׹˵ʲôѩѾԶЩһʹϧߵǰ˵硭ôʹʹ
ͣӣһм˵ʹҲʹֵð
û˵꣬ƨ类һš
ӾȻѧһѩǻװ
ӡ㡭ȻߣƤȴ͵һԼϷݹͷˣѩ˳Ӹ֪
Ūɳ׾ˣ
ӡӣ˵һȳһȳ׷ӣ˵ӣֵܣղţ治ǴҪռ˵ġ
߲ѣԴҲתһ¡
ӡӡҽ͡Ӳǣֻᣬû취˭Լֵܣ
ڱੲݣתͷŭ˵û˵˾ͱ죬ҿûһ£ԭڲһűģռ˼ұˣֻҪԡ
ѩعͷһǺö񣬵һźȵûˣǾ͸·
ͻȻһЦ˵С㣬Ҫģٺ١Щν֮֮Сѣ¡¡ٺ١·Ǽ·
ôһ˵ѩһ죬漴ñһţתߡ
һŻĻЦ޲üʯͷϿһΪ˱ԼȻƹˤֱѩǰĨԼֱѩԼǡûѡ̵ѩһӶǣ
˵Լһ޳ôһ˫ۣôѣֵܣ
ڶ˸Ѫͷ
Խߣ淢Եխխĵطֻһ϶ѩ˵ǿ˹ȥֵӵʱӿɾʹسһݿͷǰѩƣͽӵ߹Ǽ˼ͨ
ز׹Ȼ˶֪ضбأǳû֪·֮⣬Щ򼣬ӣխ϶һ㽫ͨ˾֮⡣
ٺﲻխǵͰͰֻſڵ߷ǰ
Ӻ棬Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻǰѩǵˡ
ˣ˷Ȼǧ࣬ǵ˲رĵطһ£ѩͿҵԼٺ١Ʊٲ˵ġ
˵ˡҲһ˷ܣſƨɺ棬ϸǰȥϣܹһ⣬ܹЩ﷢߲ʡ
ֻǣģðһɳӵƨ֮⣬ȴʲôҲ
ҪĵطʱѩŰѺĻ˵
ҿܲһΰѻ˵갡¶ԭıԡ
ѩһǰУһ˵һεطԼ׵ľ룬ͽرͨ
ǵˡô˵ӼǰŲһ㣬˵
ѩ˵ضΣҪĵط߰խֻһʮһСɵͨ
ƫƫӣԼѩ˶ǳˣСӴԣſ棬Ӳһһֵ漷
ҺãѩһЩһǰһ̸ֺ߽һЩǵķ˸
ʱҲ׹Ϊʲôδ󺺣ֻǰѶ͵ȻͿˡ
λãҲûãǣܹΣ
̶̵׵ľ룬˼ĸСʱ˳
ʱϵ·ȫ˲ҲһèץƵѪۡ
΢һҲڣڸСһȦϵѪȻҲࡣ
΢ѩҲֻ·˼ͬѩ֬ļƶ¶˳Ѫ硣
ѩһۣûŮӰҼ·ˣ
һ롰šһͨ˸ܹ΢סӵĵطóԼ·ãһЦų
ʱѩѾһ׵ɽװʽһģֻǻ˸ɫ
·ѩ˵ڣǾʹıͨСˣΣķпܰġ
˶һۣһ˵ͷ
꣬رƹͭһΧʮɱȨʵۣѹ֬࣬ȻС
ҪղЩ֬ĵطȻҲǼܵҪɼ̣ȻȲʷϵЩʵĹĻطӣϾڽ֮ʱۺϽ˲ִļ΢룬Ҳ֪õĻأ׻ж


187 
ѩ˵ţͨȥ
ֻǻûϼѩһȣ˻ȥ漴Լٶתͷܡ
Ӹ˲ѩţȻƼһ㣬һʱ䲻֪ͷ˶Զ
һ̣ǾȡѩģһһӣȻֻקֻСƵģöľ
һȴ֪Щʲôֻһ죬ֻ۾ƺͦĴ̼
ţͻȻһһġ
Ҳ֪˶Զֱǰû·ˣѩŷſˣվӣת
תͷʱͨҼɣͨɽһĻǣɴ˶
ѩŲסɵİ΢΢˿أν
ѩλãӦþͨ㣬ĻأȻǿ쵽ͷĵط
˵ãӦͨ˽Ļһ꣬Ҫ˻ҲǼѡ
ƫӳȥǸֵ֮ܵͨǰ˲Զ֮ңѩһ˵ĹҪȻˣһգ֮䣬ͻᱻɴһ㡣
ԭˣؿڣʲôôô
ʱȴһĽ벻СĹôã
ûܣǵһδܾͱ˴˸ףҪĲ˼ȼݼʱ治֪ᱻʲôǼС죬;ǵĹԣĲ˼ƾͷŵǣĲ˼пνǸ֡
ڣѩֻһ֣ŷ֣ʵĲ˼ĹҲ㲻ʲôѩĸ֣
ѩǶ˵ּһֽʮ󹭷䣬ʱ򣬽ʮóֻع̶ÿһʮԤʮ֦ϵÿһδأһ󹭻֦ᷢرֱͣȴһδ
Ӵ˸䣬ոչȥʱ򣬵һ֦ûУҲ˵ٻԷŴΣܼļ꣬˵ˣʮˣҲ䰡
ѵͲҹرռĻءһԲһ졣
ѩҲ˵ղ̫ˣû˽һˣͼҺãʮһηʱʮһȱݣֻҪһ֮󣬺ߺߡ
ѩûм˵ȥףһΣ˴ѲʵΪʮһη䣬Щ£ǽҼһС
̧ͷͦأһүǶȻģ˵£ҺͶڡٺ١
ܹѩһ׷Ըһ·ϣ뾡˰취ѩӴʱ򣬾ñܳ浤һ£һ̣Ӽֱ͸оǱһ㣬û뵽ոգѩץԼֺһӶоƼһо̫ˣӶҪβźأ
ֻ˷һһתԼֻǱѩһ֣оɣǰ׵׵Ľѩˣֻʲôĸо
Խ룬ԽǲޣӦԼģһתȴˣֵô
ɣţԼԺǲҲҸᣬѩŮӢۣ
ţѩȴʯѰҹر󹭵Ļ
Ѱһأе㾭飬ͨʮֿңվĵطʯڣҲӦͨһš
ӦǴܴ򿪣ңرռĻҲӦþڡš⣬ҪȻھ򱦲صʱҲҪڴˡ
ѩüͷϸĻ˵ȻҲЩӦ©˵ʲô©ʲôأ
Ƭ̣ѩĿתʯŵߣڵһսʱڣ̫ʱ޽ر˵ϾֻǸĻʵԼĹһÿһضƾɸӣϾֻһرĵطԼĹ
˵ʱƣҲ޷ʵʩ󾫡ҪҲ˵رıʩӦֻ󣬶ҽ򵥵Ļء
Ҳ˵ЩأʵӦƼ򵥣ڲȴǾ˵Ļأ仰˵ҲҪƽЩأʵӦòҪѶȻǰǧҪ˷أһʲô˶ܻһôˡ
ѩ˵ͷͬ˵˵öԣմ˵ϰߣӦƫ֣Ϊ˷㣬ؾӦұߣҲ˵ʯţǲʽ߻ʽ򿪵ĻʯŵᣬӦþߡ
۾һѩ˵ģӦþҪƻᣬȷһ򵥵ķỵˣҪʯţǾͼ򵥵öࡣ
ֻҿһ飬ȴûҵڵλãʯţôôǶͨģȻֲڣıȴûʲôطó˷϶
һԿãʲôҲû½ȡһҡ
Īʲô
ӡͷҲ̧˵ƣǾŵĴ߿ȻˣֲҿʯšȫٵΣգҪҰѴӣҿ
ֻӷ˰ΣҲûҵһѴӣмǼΪĺϽߣųǳ֣ȴûȥʯš
ƴ뵽ţѩЦ⣬ӱһѹһ̺дСĶݵǰ˵Ҫ˵Ҫһ౿صĹߣҪҲϣ
һץѩﶫ˳ѩֱһѣŰǿѹһĶֵ˵࣬ʵʲôףôġ
ѩЦЦ˵ֶһ˽G4
ըҩʧͬʱǱG4һ㣬G4ֽסG4ըҩӵһ
⵹ӼӺ£G4ӿ˵ģɱͨTNTըҩǿˣӺһãԼϱըǺǲ롣
Ӻ³ѩһ֣G4˻ȥЩɵʵûⶫ
ӵսľĵͷͰ͵˵ûûͨըҩҶҶû
ӣ㲻˵ڿɹ˵ʲôܸ㵽ըҩԭںŪǵģʧ
Ӽһ˿ȿ޻ѿЦݣ˵硭ҽ󳡣ҾܽӴըҩŪըҩҲ˵ҶⶫϤǲǰ
룬˵ģҲеһʱ֮ҲҲӣҲͲڵȥ
ѩȴըҩףЦ˵ʵǲú£һ˵ըҩǲױըģ׹ܱƣǱҵײ£ըҩŻᱬըġ
۾ǿG4Ȼµʵ˵ġġ
ѩ𣬴򿪰װֽ˺ճһ˺һСG4Ȼžһʯŵ½ǡ
һ㡭Ҫš


188 
ѩЦЦִӱóһСӣӺȡһĽɫӣٵǰ˵ˣ׹ܣ
˵ըҩֻҪصúã̾ͻᱬըĶʱ˲ٵһ֣Ҫѩ׹ܽӹһ
˭֪һΣѩͲ׹ܸӣʮֽ˵Ƚң׹ܣǳвᱬը
һָϽ
ѩ׹ܲճʯһϵըҩȻعͷ˵ףȻѱȡǽ
ӸȻȡ±Ҫʲôѩǽ߷ˡ
ѩҲԼıȡ˵ıϣӸ˷档
ѩԸˣ˵ķ£
ܷ
һﵹ˷ھͿĿһΡ桱ѵð
ѩóңҲ̧ͷضǿըҩ̲סӵͷһ£ȵʲôʲôÿģ뱻ƶĤĻſ죬ԼĶ䡣
ӼԸˣѩֿһ˵עˡ
䡭ѩû˵꣬ʱһ졣
⵹ѩǰѩлûֻ꣬һѩߣԼһֳ˸²ޣҪһλãһֱӽѩײһ£ԣǰըҩ
һʱ֮䣬ֱԼǱһһƣңǴԴģֻ۾ǰĽԪ
ƫʱѩ׼ʵ˭ײԼûüʩһתͷȴһԼΪܡΪšƣſϣȴҲûѩˢһӺ쵽Ӹ
컯֮£Լ棬һ
ѩһ󣬰һ󣬹Ƭ̣ŻعϽӣԶԶġ
̽ɢȥѩСǰȥ鱬ըЧ
ըҩļѩúǾ׼ʯţըͨڵȵزλȴһҲûʲôˡ
ѩӣ굽ǱȥҹرռĻء
ֻǲ֪ʲôʱѾ󣬻˵ۣǱըˣ֡
һԿ˿ʯŲҲ񱡣ͲɵЩˣ˵ǸҪ˵ڻҩTNTҲѾŪõˣôʯţܵסǰ򱦵ˣ
һѩǿסҪµĳ嶯û˵ǲرĹ֮رȻϣԼгһܹٴν˳ȥʹãҲòŰŵµò״򿪣ңŵ״򿪣Ҳõӣ˵ţҪǴǿƿ˾ͻȲĳһ˼꣬ûܹųȥ
˵ͷˣһȴʵҪĹĻأֻôģ
ѩӣøоӱȶӶ˵ĹᣬߣûĸϣԼ֮󣬻Ҫ˷ʬعǣԵĹˣȻ뾡һпܵİ취ֹǸϾɱ
ʵҲ˵رĹᣬȻʽϲ࣬ȴűϵĲͬĳ̶ֳ˵رлϢĹ˵رʲôأһ
ѩƳһۣáȻ˵Ϊ˲ݣܹﱾʵݶ͡ı飬˵Ⲣʲô󣬲رҲϣԼĲرԼҲòˣѣ
˵䣬Ѿƶ˳ȥվǱߴУ硭硭ҵˡ
ѩΨӻҵȥأϽƶֹӣҪҶҪ鷳
һ˹̧ۿȥԭߵΣǰǱ߲࣬Ҳһͨ
վλãʯŵұߣ￿ǽһԲεʯͷӣԵ̺ۼЩۼγһ㣬ʯֻʯıȽϹ⻬ԱȽĿ
ѩߵߣǸӿһ˵һƵĻأ򵥵˵ִͬҪȷĴʯţҪ֪룬򲻵򲻿ʯţء
ִС롱ĻأһĨڣܹģҲֻǿѩƽ⡣
ѩ룬ǰ˫ʯ¶ϵһʯ΢΢ұתʯȻǻģΪȽϴֲڣѩתʮֳ
ת֣ʯ淢ǡһ΢죬ɿ۱һ
һ΢죬ѩһϲſһʯ̧ȥ⶯ڶ
һʯѩ⶯ʮֳڶʯȴöˣѩ˫ְ⶯ֻת˴Ȧͬǡǡһ΢졣
ڶʯλãѩһϲ⣬漴ȥ⶯ʯʯ棬ҲʯΪɣΪʯͷɵģԣԽϣԽɡ
һΣѩʯǻתʯѩתȦҲûԤеǡǡһ졣
ûԤе죬ѩ΢΢üһŵʯתһΣѩתĶŵúܻңѶʯͷϣϸ̽תʱ
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׿һ㲻˵ȷǸţϻйƶѩЩģǱܣ
ƽܹΣʱ򣬱ŷӳ˵ܹƽԼ£ǱܣǱܣ˵Ϊˡ
ҪܹǱȫΪһ԰µˡ
ܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȣѩ֪ƾ׾ٽԼϿһĻԿܳΪһʦ
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ԽţѩԽ˯ţ۾Ŵӣ˺һſʵһֱиţܲܰҽһ£
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Ϊ£Ǿᣬ˯š
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ģվҪ̾һǼǰǿģҰְֶЩƫãҲ͸ѧУֻ˼ԲôãæŹΣöණҶˡ
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˵ѩϴӣһ㣬Լо֣Լôģ
⻰˵ڣҲ˵
Ͳʲôѩ̾һҲȥˣҲǰ״
û˵ˣͨʱ࣬ӵ׹ʲôҲ
֪˶ãԺֻԺ֮䣬ͻȻеһ⣬͸⡣
ôˣ
̧ۿȥһɺȵ߻ҪϢֻһգ֮䣬ǹϢʧ
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ѩӶ˹һʵô£
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ѩıӣȻ˵ΣգΣˣΣսԺηѩȴȷ
һ˵Σգ̽Ѱһ᲻ˣ
ӵҡҡͷǶߣǱ߸£ԼӦĶ


193 
ֻҪĲߣӸͲںڱȡһСС۵ϣȵүү¡
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ŸոĺʧĵطǴӵıأڿһźɫϢӦþǡ˴ӡ
ȥǵʲôңһźɫϢʵʵڵĵ׷èС˴ӥУֻ־һ㣡
³ͦظǰһվٴδȣ
ӵĺ֮УĿǰһźɫϢٴδӴӱð˳
ڿӱϡţɪɪסˣһֱ˵ǽڱߡ
һ۵һֵֽ׼ӱԵʱһƣǸʲôΣաƴһѣȻǰǣǧߣ
ѩҲֵ׼ӱأСʱƻӳʮֺ£ɵúһǿǰ
źɫϢǿˣǶߵͷ򼣡߰һߵ򼣬ŰŻ
߰ó棬ɫҲĲһͨīڣڵ͹ǰİɫ෴һ֪Щж඾
ѩһƵĵһСġ
Ƶĵһһ򼣬´󶨣Ƕʼѡ
ֻҪõԽŻԽۿɿڣͨ򼣬ӳԹ˺üΣζû˵룬Ҫÿ춼ܳһտȥɣɡ
ԣʼ⼸򼣬ִַʣҲҪǶӵȻۡۡȵȣζ
ӻڻζѩȴѾ˹ԣȷ˹ңǵĿȷ
ҡŴ룬ڶŶ򦣬ֱӾͱ·ˣֻǵζ
ӲΪʲô
ѩȴúܣΪ߹ƣ⼸򼣬ҲΪˡ
ǰЩɫ򼺦Ϊϵ߹ƶԣԶԶسЩɫ򼣬ȻͷǶǿԼ޷Ը֮£˱ᣬȻǲѡ
ڣգۼ͵ת˸ֺɫ򼣬Ȼֻ򼶾Ƶĺ䶾ѾԶԶϵĹ߶ټϣߣͷЩһ˭ȥ
žѩСӣһ֣һ򼵱ͷ£ʱԴ˸ϡãںڵ֭ҺʱƴһطϡõԴճڵϣβһҵ˾ֲֿŻ
žžžѩһģԴҶһ
һѲߴ糤۵̤Ҳ˼
ֻǣ󣬴СңΪ٣
ѩȻҲǿװף򼣬סϿء
ۿԽԽ򼣬ҲæҡͷƤը̵ģǺóԣˣҲ˵ģ
ۿԽӿæҵѩһҧһߡ
ߣߣһͨϿһͬǰû򿪣ȥܵʲôЦһţ
ӣԲ³
æ֮УѩԼ򼣬һȼü֮ûִӱȡǹŴ컨壬۶˰ǿ֮ǹͷһڲ׸ߵ컨ϡ
ѩԶûԣֱӰǹǰȵȥ
ȥҲֱӵȥⱾһİ취ʱҲΨһһеİ취
ȻҲ˵ֱӽǹĸ˿ֱһȻ󶶶𲽿ܡ
ʱĲʲôҲԼһ˿ԥĺӣѩЩҧϼڣ
ԼϵϢܹЩ򼣬עӻѩתƿ߾ֻʱģҲȡһЩʱ䣬Ҳ˵һǼ£
ԣԥĵ˹ȥ
ӲҲ߰ף鼱֮£õȻС棬˫Ÿոŵأ̾ȡǹУҹˡˡ
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Ӹѩߵ򼣬ͻȻʧȥеϢȷǳ˺һѩһ˲ĴϢᡣ
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һֱ̣ԴЩѣ˵ָо˷ܻǴ̼
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ңԴŵأҲ֪˶һͷϾͻһֻ
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ʱѩҲŴӵָӣŭӣôôء
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ļӵĵײǰŪЩʬߣڲ඼˰ɫĹͷӡ
ңֵ⵽ƺѾܣֿʼ׷
طԲһԾĵط
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ߣһֵͨͨ׾ٵľܿͨţӣҲ߰׾롣
ֻ򼣬Ѿʼˣݲе
ѩͷںظˡ
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ô˵Ӧþرĵط
رĵطôܣӵ۾š
ոսʱ򣬴Ҷ˵ģҲܹȷطӳȥǸҲûȻûѵЩƱ᲻ɣ
ΪʲôĲƱ᲻ɣѩҲ׸ԵɣѩĿĲʱأɫƣıأô᲻ɣѩһҲġ
ϸٴѰһ飬ءܵʲôѩûţҵ˱ӵ˵һ׹ܡ
Ҳһľϲ׹ҵˡ
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ңǰŰ뿪ڣͨܵͨҲпڣΪ˶Щµ򼣬ѩŶµģΨ¶һ˿϶Ҳ˵Ŀѹɣƿˮܹ˼ּ죬ܷʯĿȴ˰Ҳܼȥ
ӴϢ˼ڴ۾˵ȥ˴һͬھ


194 
ӵļꡢѩȣԵõȻ࣬·һͷȥͬҲ·һңﱻǳȥҧúѿҪʹһǾֻȥײǽ
ͷϵΪԸȥײǵжʹ
ЦЦҶˣΪʲôǸʯͷӿ
Ļѩ˶һǹװһ鱦ôΪܿһۣ
ЩĵԼЦһ£С㲻ûкԮƻģ㵣Щʲô
Ԯƻ۾һ԰ôû뵽һ㣬ֻҪֵܹСĺԮʲô¶ˣ
˭֪ѩҡҡͷЦ˵֪ӦðһºԮ
ʲôӸһӶɴ۾⻰˼һжûкԮģѩڸʲô
ô˵ɣǼҵˣһҪȥ飬Ҫȥʲôʿ˶ʿҾ;öʵǺƣԶԶû̽ڣҾ͵˳
ҪˣѩҲһԶ˵˳
͵ܳġٴεɴ۾һʼ;е֣ǼС㣬ͱԼ˼꣬ǼҵʵѩӦڶǣôƯܵ
ԭһ͵͵ܳģߣӦ˵˽ж
һ뵽뵽˵ģǼмܼ֣᲻ѩ͵¶
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үӵܼ֣һ£ڣԼ͵͵ֳܵүһǼֵ飡
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ѩü΢һʹô˵ڴҲһͬĺѣٵǰܿһζزܡ
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ѩ΢΢˵ͷʵϣҪæȷүүүү˵ģֻǡֻǣˣңϸպЩͭߵϣǣҾȡңһֱӡֱӰǡ
ѩû˵ȥȴѾ׹ѩӦԼ֮жеʱҵԴﵽүӵ˵֮ǰȡܹүӵæĶȻ󽻸үӡ
⵹ǲϣ;ЩǷȱˡ
һԭίʱЩۣô˵ĳ͡ڣԼˣǮȴԭֻһ
ֵǱĵĿһۣǰԼѩӦкԮȱԼûҪŹƵĻᣬڣѩǵǴС㶼ѻ˵װˣûкԮһ˿ϣûˣȴⲻǹײ֣ҪǮ
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ȥҲóûĺǳһ䡣
ѩȴüͷã˵ǸӣùʬĵطôӦҲһĿģǾЩʬ壬ЩʬߣҲ˵ЩʬߣⲼõһߣ滹һ߾򼣬ʬΪʳ໥ɱ֮УøײУԸңԶȥ
ߡʵǸߣһУ嶼ߡҡͷԵ˵
ͷмһ䣺ٸߣĲƱǱ˸һɶ
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˶ӣϻǺʹ׶׶ͷһ㣬һһûĶʹ
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һֻ
ѩҲüͷֵڵһߣϳ˸ոսļ˵Ľӡ濴зŹĺۼ
ЩأҲǲһǰ£Ǹҽĳ֣Ҳǲر֮ʮ飬رȷǷģƾмʮĲĳ϶ֱܹó
˼˸ոʮĽӡ֮⣬ùֲ죬Ϳ
Ǹװʲôѩˣͬʱ뵽⡣
Ц̾һǴ򿪿ȴ˵ҲԣͷѣĺˣѰ
˵Ҳ˲ٵʱ䣬ʯĿȥĻ˵ġ
ӴŴǸʯڨڨ˵ʵһʼҲҪȥ򿪿ǡǡʲôߣʲôģС˵ﻹʲô򼾫ԡԡٺ١
ԭһֱȥʯں£
ѩҲˢһӺһ裬ûѱȫٵѩҲԥȥʯ
ڣʹһ¶ʹúߺģѩֻһǹҲһѲߴ糤۵һʯһ˳Ǵһˡ
һЦ˵ԽԽϡͱҧһҪǽ˳һʹһЩ
ӺٺٵЦЦ磬үǶǷ㣬úãųǸ򼾫ҲҪүǶЩ


195 
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ѩ΢΢ҧҧѩǸŮӼңүǶүǶûٹϵ£ķ˵ʯͷӣΨһĻĻҲ˵һ
ӷڵϵıһ£óһӣ˵ܹ࣬ҵΨһġ
ӴֵǰȥֱӾȥȥʯ
ںеӣҪҲòȥ
ӻعͷҪôȥҡƾʲôҪ
ѩ˼·ϣҲ˵ӣȷɣҶһһ򼣬Ҳлᡭ
룺ҲǰǴҪʲôͷӸһֱ̣ҧʤҲЩ
˵ţͷӹѩ׸Լ·²Լϣȥʯͷӵĸӡ
ʯͷӣҲߣխߣҲһʯ壬һˣƶҲʮֳ
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ˣֻۣʯͷһӣ񾭶조ԡһϵˣȴκζҲûС
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ѩԶ̻̽ʯҪĻ˯ˣѩһ飬ҲѹȻŭѩ˱
Ȼϵǣȴѩ뵱еĸǳסһЩɲԸ
ѩŲӱϣСĽƹս棬Σѩ̲סһ
ںʵô£
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ѩҡҡͷǿյģͨģһͨ
ӸϽպСñŽǸʯ
ʯͷ棬ȷһͨмʯͷ̨ףܹ
Ӻ˷ܵǣʯͷӴ򿪣ʯԭЩǵĿһӱ˲١
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ѩͷӸ˵ȥ̽·Ǵ
˰ɡ˵ֵȥɣҵıҪʲôζԤȾŵó
ѩͬ⣺ԣͨлأЩأûʲôζȥɣԻϤ
Ҳ֪һôģֱӾͷſʯͷӣµʯͷ̨ϣͷ˵ȥ
ӣСġ̲סһ䡣
СһЩѩҲһ¡
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һߣһ㬵˵Ҳ̫صˣʲôʬߣʲôͷҪչ֬࣬Ҳ˰ɣŪʯӣʯͷӣŪЩӣҪʮ˲һ
ѩһߣһüͷЩ̨ףӦͨıصĵطŶԣҹţǰǸҽӦҲʬߡȺˣʯҵţţЩ׷˽֮£ǸҽŽʯϣ򼡣
ڻǸʲôƵĺߵ
ѩҡҡͷҲ˵ԭӦþǴȥģ
һ
һֱĳһտӣҲͷƤһ飬˸ո뻢ڣֱħﴳ
Ҳ̨֪ĥĥ˶ãͻȻ֮䣬ǰһڡ
ȻǼ˳ڣ˻ʲôģ̨׵˵ףȻ̨׵ײһ߹ǺǿֵڹǺϣȻһĹ⡣
Ҳǰһһڣһж֮󣬶ػڲڹ֮ϣùڣǳʶܰ˵ĹǺˢһᣬֶδҲֲ̫˰ɡ
˿ߺĹǺ̲ס֫ð亹
Կ϶˵˲ߣɵģЩһﶾģ߹ǺһֱµŵжҪЩ߰ʲôҪ˵Ļ߹Ǻ»ӽһֱݵײͻɢˡ
߹ǺжģȴȫãԣųЩһɵ˵Ŀܡ
ɵġ˿߹ǺͬĽ
ǻصȥɡݸ죬ĺѾľսˣҪ
С㣬ǡǻܲҵҵĳ·Ҳһ亹Ȼᶾ̶ȣԺ󣬻ҪҪȥտԼĺúõĿǿ˵
ѩҲֱǴģڣ˿޴Լȥץ
˻ͷڰ֮еĽݣͬʱ̾һ
ãƹ߹ǺǰȥûӣڻͷͬҲ߲ȥǰ߿
ԡǺ˵Ҳֻǰĵ·ϣͷӱǲһӺүǶ¡
˵꣬ҲСƹǺ
ѩ̾һҲֻø󣬵ʱǰǺˣѩһˣѾֻܸһ
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߹ײģ߱˴򿪹ӵĹײģ
кЩƿƿ޹ޣЩƿƿ޹ޣ౻˴飬ƬߵĽ䣬ûʲôŵĵط
ӼصƬ˷ܣ磬ЩӦǹŶ˰ɣ˵ЩƬһƬܹϺöǰЩƬȥٺ١
ʹһۣϺöƬҤ߲Ҥ֮ģЩͨĴգһĹӣȥҲʮȥ
Ӱָͷ˺ü飬ҡҡͷʮ飬㣬οûĹӣȥײûбʲôĺá
ѩĶ죬һ˶ָͷһƬƬŵӵᣬתͷ˵Ӧþһߣĵط
΢΢˵ͷҲûŵ쳣ζ᲻ǡǼһӳȥˡ
ѩüͷЩʧ˵Ҳûܣ
ʱתͷѩֵ˵磬С㣬ôǲرĵط˵ĵط


196 峯
˵ĵطѩ˶һۣﲻղرĵطôôһĹ
ߵײıߣײһҲǼΪȡ
ײһʬʬӦþ߹ײĵˣǺģûһ˿жļ󣬲Ҫ˵Ʒһʣ·ʲôģ˷˸߰㣬Ǻÿɢˡ
ճ˵Ǻӣ֮ǰȥĻһͲ
˵ĹײģǷмģӿ˿ߵĹײģȴǿտҲӲ룬ڹײģӦþװƷģֻǱˡáˡ
ƷѱѹһգӰղѣνıأͷֻһգǼҴӦĳͣΪѩǡ˽ԡģҲָˡ
̵ģĲȴҪԼС찡ڰͷ죬߲ѡ
һĹ᣿
ѩ˶ʮŶԷ¶ɫǡôܣ
ϸϸһ飬ǲ˼飬Ӧ˵ǹ졣
ȣر£½֪ʵвرͼԼѩ֪ǸӳȥṩΪƾ
ʵȴǡǡ෴ѩ˿ģӦþһĹᣬǱĹᡣ
ر˵ʵǴͥѩ֪Ǳۣô˵ùȥ
һſɥ˵ѵͲǸԭǸӣνرʲôģʵĹģײĵĲƱѵͲߵģ
ѩһĬã˵ĹʷҲûУĹҲǾͷӸɵģҪ˵ŲرʵڵĹҲпܣӳȥĹǸҽôͣЩɶǹ˺üʮ֮°
ҲҲһĽҪܽ͵ĳҲͲùˣΪ˵ԼŲرͼȷǳΪرڵĹ֣֮ǵĹûҪһʲôرͼ
ˣͼʲôѵ֣ĹͼΪ֤ȥɣ˼ҿʵۣȥ棬øѿ
᲻ˣǼǴˣߡĿתѩ
ѩ˼ҡҡͷ˵ǲȷеĲرĵطҵȷûʲô֤ݿø㣬Ҫ֪ıأͬǴǸҳģһ㣬ҿǼҵ֤
ʯ˺üתͻȻЩϲĽ
ѩ˻Ϊʲôˣһתͷ˹ȥ
ֻһ鲻֪ͭǮһϸò⣬һ߽еأҵһֵǮĶ
ϸ˿ǿͭңûǿͭʲôðеϢҲͭǮϢľ飬ͭҲͲôֵǮʵϣһطϸˣ˵ûֵǮĶ
Ķģѩһ䡣
ЦŴﰡǹ⡢ͨ
һһֵģȥöͭǮϵ֡
ͨŬĻţ⡰ͨʲô
ѩһ֣ͨ۾һʲôͨ
ĺȻ䣬§ŶӿЦöͨʲô
§ŶӿЦӺɻֻһգۣӾ׹׹֮󣬷ǵΣӸˣͨҲݣ峯峯磬طˣ磬У˵˵ڻܲͨ
Цţôһ˵̶һû򻯵ġǡҲͰˣһͨòͨĵͨ峯ҲǰˣȻ᲻ᱻͨ
ʵܲΪ֮Ц
ӼЦֹҲšٺ١ڨЦ˼ԼҲţΪͨȼָˣ峯ﰡҲӦֵǮɡ
Цÿˣ˺һǿסЦһָֻոָͷȴ̲סЦ
һ򡭡ӴϲһɹЦ̲סۣЩʧ˵ѵôֵֻʮ򡭡ʲôһ򡭡ܰɣ峯ﰡ
ǴЦֹ
ѩŪ˵ģԭʲôͨһöͨⶫѩȻİСʱԼɼëأ˵ֵǮȻֵʲôǮˡ
ǹЦŭصһֵۣǮɱ˵ֵֻһٿ飬Ҫֵֻһٿ飬̾Ͷ
ֹסЦҪöͨ˸棬Ȼָ濴˵ϵ֣ģɺĽȪҲǸʱҳбȪ֣һǮңͨǴŵƷǡȪ֡ʽģһöͭǮƷ࣬гϣһʮǮһٺ١Լղٹֵܼ꣬Ҳ˵һ
Ҳݣ磬ƭҵİɣ峯峯ﰡʮǮ㡭̣߲ѣָ
ѩ֪ͨļֵ󣬵Ҳû뵽ֵֻʮǮƫƫһȴһһ峯浱ǼֵǵĶһ㣬ѩҲ̲סЦ
˺һɫ˵ӣ˵Ҫҵıأô
ӴӱǿߡһǲĴϷŪңǰɣĲر֮ҪܱһѽƱӡӣһӾͽ㶫硭
ҡҡͷʣ˽Ҷ磬أ
УɶһӶˡһѩҪ³ӣӸϽĿ˵һӶˡҵ˼˵һӶˡԲۡⲻ𣿡
ǵҡҡͷ˵ӣ˵һӶҵˣҿɲҪҶûȤңҲֻܲ룬ҵıأ̫̰ˣô
ѩϸϸƷζ˼ͻȻǰһ֪һЩӦ˵뵽ʲô顣
ǣܹ뵽ģԼȴû뵽ʲôأ
ʱҡԴ˵̰ģʲô̰Ƭչ޶ڹײģʲô̰ģҪǸ£ܹһѽƱҾʹӦ㣬ֻȢϱǮСǮС԰磬⻰ʲô˼
ѩʵ벻ʲôطԼҲû뵽̧ͷ˵Ѿ֪һЩܣ
ЦЦ˵Ҳȷ룬ֵȥһԡ
ѻ˵硭ӻζȲĽ
һ仰֪ɣջȳ²֣ӣϸ˵Լķ裬ǲرȴǵĹǵһܣڶǣڲرȴ֮зһܣܾ˵裬һӽʵ
Ӹѩһͷ˼ãһ˵αһֳ


197 ǹ
˵ͷ
ǰյӣ̾ȼϣ֮ȷֻһĹᣬ֮̾ͽײĵĲƱΪ˼УңĲƱתƵԼıһš
һѹ֮󣬾Ͱֳһ˽ܿģҲһѾ˲ƱĿĹ
˵ѹζֻ֬࣬߹ײƷӶ۷Ź⡣
ôıأûбǸҽأѩʵ
ѩǴǶڲرĹһ飬Ҫһ
ҲȷǽʱСǰģ֪ûעһЩϸڵطʱһ棬ҪʲôϸڣҲѩŪˡ
ѩ룺ҽʱ򣬵ϵȷмԵĽӡЩӡ٣Ӧÿ˵ǽ˲Ǻܶ࣬ңȥĽӡҼû֡
Ҫ˷ıأòˣңǸѩЩѵġڡҲ˿Խ˽ӦҪڶıأҲӦػĽӡŶԡ
οͨҲѩG4ŴըģǸҽˣȡ˱أһ·ըȥòڴŹϡ
һ㣬Ҫ˵ѩӣһᣬҲֻ֮뵽
Ҳ˵ֵܹǸҽ٣ûܹĲƱ˳ȥ
һ뵽һ㣬ֿʼʯתˣһءҰҲرĵط
ƣãɵôҡͷתͷѩ֪㻹ǲǵǸӣ
ǸӣѩȻǵãӸ£˹Ǻʬߡ򼣬ӺµģʬߣӺѩˣȻǵã
ֻѩһ£˵˵رĵط
ҡҡͷҲȷ٣ûŵвƱζ
һ˵ָоԼ˵©죬ϽĿתѩע㲻𣿹ǸԺһ·ûʲôأųǱǸҽȫƽЩصĿܣֻ뵽ʲô
ԶԶأһôǽһʵΪʲôҪųǸҽѾƽ˻صĿܣ
û˵ȥʮͨʲô룿
ȥͨʲô룬Ҳûʲô룬һ۾Ϳó߹˵ġ
ôһ˵ѩעľʹתƿˣò˵ǻɣرĵطʵǸ˵Ǹܵܵͨر·
ץץԴҲֻô룬ǲҲȷ
ʱʵûҵĳ·߷֣תߣô˵æ˵ڲϵ̽ĥƤۣһҲܵõԣǲҪԣҪڶ֡
֣ͷǴгǧ綾򼣬ȥԿû˵
һ뵽Щ򼣬ӻЩˣֻ˵硭û׼û׼ЩԱˣ˯Ҳ˵һ
ѩһ󣬲˵ȷ˵һ£ЩᡭͨӳȥҲпܰ
ѩҪصǸӣ΢΢̾Ϣһֻվ׼
ֻͻȻתͷ˿߹ײģ΢һ̤ǰһ߿չƷڵء
ҪʲôӣûҵƱĻ˼ҵĹײĶҪ˰ɡ
뵽ҡӻͿʼѾĹײģƷڵأѾɢ˼ܣپһҲңܿС顣
ʱӲŤͷЦ˵ˣЩ𣬴ץϼ򼿾ԡ
ôһ˵ѩȻЩģҲ뵽ˣһʵҲҪȥտԣǿŻѣȥʰ򼡣
Ǹ⣬ǰԼһˣΪ߶ֵ硢ƣ׼ֺǳ㣬Ϊ˶ֻҪйߣʲôⶼܹԴҲûѡⷽȥ롣
ɥ̾һ֪ͨ׼ЩѣԼܱҧ
뵽ѣΪıдηʳʱӶֻһһֱûʲôá
뵽ûȥɼܣһǶˣҪúõĳһգȻдȴûһ̧ۿ˹ײģġ
һѣ̾óһ£ص׵Ĺײģԭ͸಻ѣĿ΢΢Щʪ˼£Ǹȼˣô˵̹ģһŵζ
Һãⲻǿװ˵ĹײģҪǿڹײɵĻѣζֱܹѬ
뵽ѵôѩ˶͵ѵܹɻȼյĶռ֦߰ѣÿ˶˼֦
û֮ӽеѹɶ˳ÿһݣʣµĿȪˮһԶȫ˸ɸɾ
һɱǹҵõıҲգҲҲգڴҶӶ֮ǰ͵ԭ·˻ȥ
˳Ա㣬˳ԭ·صʯңÿﶼȼ֦ѣûȼúӸѩȥš
ˣҲŻԱ
űѩĴһһԸ𾯽̾Ͱѻ쵽ߣֹЩ͵شܳˡ
еεǣŷϣû̽ͷ̽Ե书ʲôûС
ʲôûУѩҲúЩ죬Щء
һԺٺٵЦҲ˵ˣЩ򼱥һ٣ȫȥ˯ȥˡ
ǿɲܵġѩԸˡ
ʯңŻѣСߵӱϣǿֵɨһߣҲûзټ
ô£ѵЩĳԱ˻ȥ˯ȥˡ
Ҳã٣ʱѩˡ
µϸѰ룬ӾĲر֮Ӧûлذû֣ȻˣֻܸϽҡ
ߵĿӱڣһҹˣûУǴӵײֿɾЩˡ
ǰһ˵һƬǽ壬ҪϸһһѰҡ
ֻһѩ˲ٵľϲӲһЩһ˺üרŸ׼ĹӡG4߰˰ˣССõܹһ߼
ѩϲǣǰӸײĵطһء
⴦أӦþǿصܵõģѩǰ˿ȻƵĺΣԭҲͨġ࣬ĻأѩϤ
һĵѩûѶľʹأһʯţʯźֻͨͨһŵζ
û֪ζʲôģζҲʲôر飬Ͼطܷꡣ
Щµǣͨǽϣżһ̽ͷ̽ԣߴҴҶ򼣬ҲǺɫģ͹֡


198 ͷ
һΣǰ濪·رѩرˣǰҲͲʲôΣգټرյص㣬ӶҪ˵ˣ̾ͷֱǰˡ
м䣬ѩΪѩֺãԷֹ͵Ϯ
ǰ߲ףӴƱ
²ģûдĲƱȷطҲʮƽģѻ˴ҡ
ϸؿһ飬Щӵı㣬ʮɫϢţֻǿЩ⻪תϢ֪ЩжֵǮ
ӺԥĻѣԼһӴ򿪣Ǵ򿪵һɲǣǿֵ£һƻõĹΣ顢Ԫ顢觡˵Ӧо֮
ڼıأѩҲһ˷ܣĻѣóһϸϸ
һֻ໨ƿ໨ƿ߰˴߰ϸڣ໨˿覴Ҳ
ƿڣϵĿʶǡơ˫Ȧ˫пʶṹֹأ֮롢ʻϸУģ½Сıʷ鷨֮ζʷپдṹׯӡ
Ȼ֪໨ƿֵܼΣֻƿϵϢЩ
һһ߿ӣÿƱװģʱ˵㵸
ôĲƱҪŪȥÿ˷һݣǶԹ̵ӣ
Ȼ֪Ǵĸ񾭣ı֮ʣһϵһô۵̳Ǹ̳һƫʱॡһ죬̳Ӷʱˤ÷顣
һ죬ѩ˶ѹ
̳ˤ飬ƬðһɫĹţ̳ƬŲ¶ıĿһһ߳ĴָϸĽͷ򼡣
ͷƬǸո˯ѵһչһͷϵĴҲİڶ˼¡
ͨȣͷ򼣬ȷ߷緶
ѩһɲǼʧС
һͷ򼣬ûɵĲεȥ߹ƣʱ򣬲ⱻ߹ǣƣ򼣬ߵĿǣοͷƣеĵ벻ţܡ
ʧ֮ʣѩһ֣󣬴Уӣѡ
Ӽɫ򼣬ԭҲһ漴Ӧ˵ĲƱСҲö
鼱֮䣬ӷһӣֱӾͶ׼ͷȥ׶Ըһﻹûع֮ʣֱӾͽɵԱʡȥ鷳
˭֪ԭĽͷ򼣬ǰһɲǣǻһһ㣬˳ȥӵһ˸ա
ңͷ򼣬һعֱӳѩ⵹ѩṦֺãв󣬶ѩиɪɪ
ͷŵһϢϢ˵ԶԶرӡѩв
ѩͷԼȻǺԥĽһŰͷ򼣬󣬽żһһǰԼӵĻ
ѩļƻҵͷƵĲ֮֮취սרΪ׼Ǹ״һһʱ˷֮£ȻֱӾͰ˳
ųˣѩû취ܹܵסһʱ֮䣬ѩҲֻܸƴ˵
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ڽͷڵҪĿֻǶѩֻ޴Ķ򦣬ѩƵú˿֮󣬽ͷתͷ˹ȥ
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ۿ޴ĶԼŶҲ֪硱һһϣֻߵӵĸֱ
ͷƼͣۿҧˣֻ޴ĶȴһӶͻӸϣһ£ͷЩˡ
ӣҲҶ࿴һֱۣӾĶӡ
Ȼɵǣһϣǿһƫ²ȣʱˤһµҲϡﻩ̮
һʱ֮䣬鱦ٲһ㣬ϡﻩĴӶй
ˤϣ˹ȥǿعһ̧ͷȴַԼһԶĵطͷҲڡ
ͷҲŽ鱦ģңҲǱЩ鱦ҵͷתˣҲûع
ۡĴһͷܡ
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ϣһɫ磬Ȼ⡣
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һȷʵǻ˽ͷ򼣬ΪЩĹײƬɵĻѣϨˣûл𣬶Խͷ˵ҲûʲôвĻѣȲһ֦ɵɨ㡣
Ȼ˽ͷĽ⣬Ҳֻһ衣
ͷſӵĻϣŭĶӰڶ¶򦣬ŵҲǡۡһУæ˳Žͷֱ˳ȥ
ֻһӣûʲôģѴŽͷֱӾ䵽ѩǰ
ѩϸͷŭգֱӾͳԼҲһĻѵɱǹˢĴͷ򼣬ͷŤܿѩһת֮䣬ҽżڵһ㣬ҽǽ΢һӶѡ
ͷͻȻʧȥĿ꣬ԭһ˫ڿаڶ˼£ȷλãȻֱȥ
ֻһ̣ͷ򼱻Ӻѩ裬ܵҪһû뵽˲ֿͷ򼳯Լ׷Ӱӡ
ٴδһתӶȥ
ֻĶнͷѸݣһգۼ䣬ͷ׷˸ǰӴһҪĿ
Һһ̣ѩóǹһͷʯ컨ϣȻԥĵ˹ȥһץסĺ죬ӽͷ棬˳
ѩʯڱϣ˫ʯڱһţֵصӶ
ֻѩˣ˫ŻûվȣͷѭϢ׷˹
ʱѾվͨϣе磬С㣬죬
ӼͷѸޱȣԼûʲôֵ֪Ҫͷ򼶷ȥһ군
һץ˼Լ·ͨܣܣӻûǽѩһ
ʱѩҲ˲࣬ۿŽͷ򼼱һƽѩ֣סӶԾ
Ӹǰһͣȵߡ漴óǰG4׹ܡ
ӣѩҪĻӦϧʱӼǿûĳͨ


199 ү
ѩĶһ࣬ӿո֮ܽʣѩѾ
һͨҲ֪ոȻֱֱ˵棬ٲ岽͵˴ӱء
ƫƫʱѩ׷һӵԴУſ¡
һ㶣ûӦѩʹ˸ӸֱӾſ˵ϣѩҲһ̣һſ
˸ոſϣ󡰺¡һ죬һ⣬ͨһ籡
ſڵϣֱñŵӻ˼£ңҲ˳
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Ƭ̣Żعʹ˦˭ԴŭĴһըҩ
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ѩͷȥͷž޴Ķ򦣬ӵıӣ಻磬˵һͷƬ޴Ķ򦣬ͻҧסӵıӡ
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ҪûҲӦñ˹ȥ
ѩ΢΢һ漴ȡרװͷߣ򿪸ӣȻһŽߵô˹ÿ˵طŽ߿ڶ׼ͷԴ֡
ÿˣ̾ͷſ֣ң˳ưѽͷѩƿһ߿һ͡
һͣͷͽһ룬ѩøںһͷͱװ˽ȥ
ѩ̾ͽӺϣš豭һ㣬ʹšתųһڡ
ֻһڵϴһȻһͲһֽŵĶһĶյѩǰʵʲô
һֽţ¶ϸϸġβ͡ѩм˵һֻɫըҩ֮ǰõġըҩ
ըҩӵɴ۾
ըҩһ
˲䣬ѩɫɷףǴµԻٻء
ԻٻءŴ͡
ܰѩһعͷһһڡ
һըɽ嶼ıأ׵׵˴ɽһͣԶҲǰˡ
ѩӣΧûʲộѩŸӣｫιȥӡק˳
ãȻԻٻأϾЩըҩʲôģô꣬ѾЩʪըʱ䣬ӳ࣬ԣѩǽҼһ
һ˹
̧ۿһƬӣ͸Ҷڵϡ
ˡһڵϲ
۾һ̫ͻȻһٳرǰץ˼ѲƱŽԼ·ģôûôоˣ
һһõǰһȻһԬԿǣ
ԬԿǣеĶûˣӶԬԿǣؿ˰ΣͻȻү۾
˵ʵһˣܻųѾʵˣЩߣЩ򼣬Щأڶȥѩϡ
ѩϻͷúֵǣͷͲ˵ˣܿһɫϢ֮⣬аȴǰҲôƣǺõĻаġ
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硭ڵϣɥ˵صһûǻȥҰ硭
̾һӣҲ룬Ҳ֪ٽȥŪãǾҲˣӣ㻹ǽڰ˳ɡ
ԶǸոձըɽ壬ھͻص϶Ѱ·һſѰ˼˺һ󣬼ѩҪߣ̾һվһЦѩ˵С㣬һΣǵ񣬻ɵ˳ѡ
ѩתͷһۣƬ̲˵ܱǸܶõǮҲᳬһıꡭ
һ򣬲ɡǿǾһһ˵ѩֻһﻹе㣬Ǯ
ӡסӣѩֻܶһ򣬻仰˵ѩӵеʽ𣬻һܲѩԲȣһ˫Żȥɡ
һ£Ӹɵۡ

˻صӣɣϼһһȥ죬ңⶼȥɹʲôİһͷͷ棬ڣϵؤˣңһӣʹСˡ
˵ѾˣһиţЩǮɣϼȥѩ׻ϴ·
Ȼ󣬸һϴԡ䡣
һϴԡ䣬ѩͣ˳
ϴϣɻѧһģѩһҲ
Ҳ߲ˣӣǲ˼ȥ
ɣϼ·ѩãɳϣǣѩ̲סҪüͷ
ƫƫʱһüͷӣһģ˴˽
ͷӺǸߴȻü԰ףȴŭûţͳȵСǸϰûУ
ɣϼһɫ˲ЩΣƳۿ˿ӭ˳ȥ
ѩһһ漴һٺһϲһǣ˲䡣
̼䣬ɣϼӭ˽˵үүˡջ
ֻүүһۿѩ㲻׷һߣҾ֪Ѿͷ֣
үүѩͷҲҿүһۡ
ȥϸһȥүߣָ߸ϵ˼ֵ
ѩ̧ͷһۣЩµ˵үүЩ顭Ҫһ¡
ʲô飬һȥ˵үӺ˵
үүǰɣվѩ͵ܳҪүӣοѩĿѾﵽˣүӦø˲ǣѵôһܹľΪǵĺӰ
үӿһתͷǸһ˵Ȱͻȥ
ǸӦһǡ
үүҲȰүүǽ鶼˵ˣ⼸죬Ƕ
үһӣҵ˵ǶǵòʧѾѧҵķ͸ˣҲ뿴ǰ̣ʹ˻ˡ
үӼǲ飬̲ס̾һӣƴƴģһͰǰæˡ
ǰҲ̾һ֪Сóտԡ
һ˲䣬үϽ˽Ƭ̣תͷѩǣץ
ѩ΢΢˵ͷİǸװŽͷߣүǰ
мĹ۲촰ȥͷ򼣬治סѰҳ·ͷҲG4ըҩһ£Ȼû
һ˲䣬үӵϣ̲ס鶯˼¡


200 ֮
ֻүϵļ鶯˼֮Ȼ̾һүүлΪһУѧҵķȥû취ְֽ㻹ǻȥɡ
үǼҵĵλ˵⻰ҲǼΪټĿˡ
үӵ飬΢Щѩɵ˵үү֪ˣҴӦ˼һ飬Ҫ죬飬̾ͻȥ
ѩ˵ţ۾סĿ
ѩӦ˭Ӧʲô£¶֪ѩ֪ѩ˵ϼ仰ֻţѩڶ飬Žǰ̵ģôˣʵǿϧ
ԣɴĿתƿȥæԼˡ
үһ漴˵Ӧʲô£һȥ֮ȻһĴ𸴡
Դүӣ˵үү˵Ǽҵ˴һĭһӣԲԡ
ѩʵ̲סҪһѣֻǣû˵꣬ݺݵһۡ
үӿһۣȻ˵ǼҵˣֻһСӳ˵һ仰ҲһԾŶȵȡʲô˼
ȻһۣȴɺٺٵһЦҾ֪үүκˣ˵ˣٺ١Ҳûʲô˼
վΪԼ˵һ仰ѩһмָмѩЩգһһҲϰԼ
ֻүӱһܲǸζ˰ΣŶѩ˵ȻѩҸʱ䣬֮̾͸һȥ
˵죬ֻһ죬ѩ㣬֮£Ҫ֮˵
ףүתͷһ΢һ˵
˵ͷ˵үү˵
үת£ɣϼݹĲˮҲһۣ˵۴Ӧʲô飬֮Ҫٲȥһ˲ӣ
п಻ү˵ھ棬үǸˣһûȥôһʲô
һ
үӶ˶٣˵⣬һ£ʽ㣬ԭҴҰæģ£ҾͲͷˣУһǰץסͷ򼣬Ҳǻ˲ٵ˵Ǽҵ˲Ƿκ˵顣
ȥץͷ򼣬ֹǻ˲˶Ǿһûܹų
ҪҪæںǼҵǼ㲻ǸƣһҲþһܳ£ֻǰץסͷ£үӺúõ˵ȡ꣬Ҳûʲô˵
ƫƫүӵӣǰлһ򷢣ûʵ˵ʲôǷ˼ҵ飬ԼƴƴģֻΪ˰ͽǷԼһһ
һ뵽ǲ㰴ԭ˵ģһæǲԼҲԼ˾Ͳˡ
ţ˵үү⻰˵ãҴӦϣǳԶϵĸмСǰȥץӣҲǿѵķϣҪүүҪ˵ʲô룬Ҹֵ˵Ǯ򲻵ģ
үû뵽˵ĻЩǮү֪ģЩǮүӿҲһСӵ㻨Ǯѣү˵˵ʵҲԤŰչñ˵ı׼ȻҲǸСĿ
û뵽ֱӾ;ܾˡ
һ֮үӳٴ˵˵ûʲôλã㿪һڣҲһְģ
վү˵үүǸһҪǮ˵£룬ϾͿˡ
硭ӻţүҪǸ˱꣬Լ򷿺ã򳵺ãһתۣȻĲȡ£ЩۣǿԼǮҪڲرʲôֵһǧǧĶүӵı꣬ҪҪҲͰˣǣһ֮ԼģҲһöֵʮǮͭǮһԬԿǣͼıȡˣ
ߣүһʱգ̲סһ¡
ԼǼҵţҪ˵ڼǽϣ˭վүǰҲǱϹϾ벻һζëͷСӣȻֱԼˣ
㵽ҪôүŭǼһӶǷһ飬Ҹ㣬
Ҳ˵˵ˣҴӦǰæǳԶϵĸмүүʲô飬ߺߡ
ѩүֽˣϽȰ˵үүҲһ⣬ҪǮ㣬㡭
ĴǵǮôģȻûʲôǮʱҲʱҲᵽͷȥ֡
˵ˣү߲ˢվߺߵЦúúá˵ţͷҲسţ統̡
ѩү뿪һߡүүүүĽţһ׷˳ȥ
үȥһӵɳ̾һڡ
硭ʹļ׵ĽһȻǿԬԿǣһöͭǮ˳һڲ輸ϡ˳ȥ죬һջ
ʲôû뵽æһ˵춫ƵĲУľٶ̲סȵһΣҲǻЩ˵
ˣӸϽ˵磬ģһΣҲЩջ㿴Ҫô㣿
ȥЦһԬԿǣڵļǮһٿңһͨҲʮǮһ𣬲ҲһһʮǮ˷֣
ӺЦЦ˵ǿɲɣҿǶµԱǳ˹̶۾Ͳ˵ˣ÷ѵĲǲǵҪǿǡ
һԭ̣
̾һ˵ҵȻҪˣɣ㣬ðǰɣǱߵǿԪóȻٿǿǴȥ¥һ١
Ҫ磬ǿҵĵһΡƨɣҵص﷢ֵǿԪһֱһ̤һеļƷԼԺ󣬺úõĻ䣬ǣƫƫͲϣɣҵģػɣϼ
ѩүˣǿԬԿǺǸͨĶӣʱʣɣϼ
ʱɣϼ̾һڣ˵죬һ׮û˵ǲ١
һʣЩʲô˰
˵ڶ죬磬λүӾˣ֪ǡСȥˣүһͨߣĲĹ㡭ɣϼȾһϼ
ү£֪ˣĲŮӣ϶Ĳ˼硢Ĳ˼ԼΪʲô£
Ĳ˼˵мҪ£Ӻܼʲô£Ҳ˵˻˵֮󣬱뾡ϵУĲ˼Ҳҹ㣬Ҳкż飬Ҳֻ˵һҪУ
˵ţɣϼ¶һ˿ɫ̽ѯҲĽмʡ
һɣϼ飬ԴһȦ


201 뿪
ԴĲ˼Ĳ˼¶ɣϼĵ˵изΰˣҲ
ɣϼ˵ţӳȡһݸ
ΰôңЩ죬ΰԼ㲻һ·ˣңԼҲϵô͹
Ȼ죬ǰ̽Կһ飬֪ԭǷҪ¿һҹ꣬ʱţ統һͬȥ֡
ǰҺţйƵ⣬뿪꣬ȻӪĿͬҲϰͬУټϷ˵Ӿţ統̱ϣµ꿪ҵǰȥعϲӦҲƽ顣
һ۷Ǽµ꿪ŵӣʮԺ΢΢˿ֻƽǽʱҲֻȥո֣ƷʲôģҲòôȥ˼ֹϵʱϼٿǧѿǮҲܹȥˡ
ֻɣϼĻһ㶣ΰɣϼһ飬ڿŵʱ򣬷Լ˼λʦ׼ֳϿһѵļᣬңֳ죬ֻҪ˭кԸֵĻ˿ѼԵ
ڿŵֳϣһЩⷽҲǱĲˡ
ֻͭǿӵģ˵Ҳ԰ټƣټϸһЩϵ鱦̵ȵӣʱڶ࣬ʱѼôȥ
ɣϼ˵ΰҲ˵ˣÿ˶ЩƽĶȥһ£ҹҲ겻£ԣһѼȻҪһЩеεı
ЦЦ޷ǾǿеˣҫԼ۵һͷʲôϵΣͷôࡰ
˵˭ҪܹóһֵǵĶڹ֮ͥ£࣬ҲȷǼй¡
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ЦЦȥȻûʲôʱֳȥЩҲԳϲټʶ
ķǡɣϼһ䣬˶˵ջŶô֡
̾˿Ƕͷˣ쵽ˣʰһ°ɣȥ¥
硭ҶӴһ¥֣Ͳ̾ͷɹȥ
һΣûǸڸĲ˼ˣ滹һŶӣԴϵͷ⻬Ӭסŵˣžɣ
Ĳ˼һתͷž˵Լ̸ɡ
ĥ͸Ĳ˼žɵ⣬΢΢ЦЦɣϼ˲ˮȻһߣĿĲ˼硣
žһЦ˵ոȥ˵һ˲һˣӣôҲû뵽㣬ٺ٣ֵܣϸҡ
ǡǿž˵
ոȥž֮Ȼ˵ֵ˵죬ҵĳ룬һƳô˻ã㿴һҪǮٺ١ӣһ˲һˣô˵ɣֵܣǹ˿ġ
˵⻰ʱžйʹ
ʵǼ¶Ƕ˵ôʲô
žɺǺǵһЦոȥʱ治֪Ĳ
˵žɶ˶٣û˵ȥˣžɻ˿ӦĲ˼磬Ĳٲ˸ϵ
žһ˵ͭ齨˾ȻͭдйϵĲͭͬǼʵοžҲ֪ˣĲҶС㣬ԼȴҪһǧƺеͷˣô˵Լʱ̬Ҳġ
ô˵ɡžɶ˶٣˵ϣһýһ壬ֵܣ˵ǲǴˮһ˲ʶһˡոȥ
Ҳйϵû뵽ײһγӣȻײһˡ
룬ʵŴ磬ǲʲô鷳ˣ
ʱžʾãֱ˵˿ģ᲻Ĳҵ˰ЩʲôĻϾͳˡ
žЦЦոȥ⻰Ҿʵ˵ɣˣĲžһĲ˼磬ż˵ĲС˵һ£˵ʵûϵееΣֵܣ˵һҪǮ𣿡
ͬһȻĲҵ֣ĿתĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼纮˵ңֻǰˣҲУֻռһ֣˼ϰ岻һǷǲֵˣңĲҵˣҲôһζԸеˡ
ǡžɺǺЦ˵ԣŹ˿¡
˵ݶˣҲֻˣžԸ˶٣Ҳȥ
žҲҪ˺ţĵԣһǧԭԭ˻
֪žһֲٵİԼǮ˻Ĳ˼Ȼǳ˲ٵĲԶɽû˵
ֻЩĵžɣʱ䣬Ǳߵ飬˳ɣ
žɡٺ١ĸЦ˼ֵ㣬ոȥӸײ֮ҵõĲˣͭǺüأæЩæӣǰһ˵ֵҵĳǵùû뵽һңҵת
žǾ񻹰ͲȥĳһƵģЦ
ĲΪ˲Ƿ飬ǻ˺ܴˡ
ôͰˣžֺ˼䣬վȥһ١
ӵȻˣĲ˼һҪߵ˼ҲûУȻֻƳٵһΡ
ž֮Ĳ˼վͻȻһץסȡһָȻһͷԼϡ
ͻıʣɣϼӣ⧲һʧɫ
ɣϼһӶ˳
Ĳ˼翴ſɣϼˣ˵ǻɣһ԰йأҴȥ顭
Ĳ˼Ҳǵһˣ̹ȻĶɣϼ˵û££ȥһЩʱͻ
Ĳ˼ȵߡ
Ȱգ̤ӡ
棬ͣŵĲ˼ĳӣĲ˼簴ң򿪳ţȻһѽ˽ȥ
ֻ˵ֶһģĲ˼Ȼû취תʻԱλȥֱʻϡ
ţĲ˼ȵȥ
ٺһЦûץӷҪץ˵˿ġ
Ĳ˼һ죬һϵӣҧʵ㿪
һĲ˼飬֪ҪȥԼĻûùӳԣʻԱŲ˹ȥ
ֻһĲ˼ˣץ˵ĺͱץģǰҲϷſֵ¡
һߵ׷һĻ̲ס죬һ˫У쳤̾ү۾ɡ
ڼʻԱλãĲ˼Źغã׼ȥطӣû뵽ָոأĲ˼ȴһ
ȻĲ˼˵һμһΥ㲻뿪ҵ֮ڡ
˿ʵʲôֱ˵ɣǡ
ߺߡ㻹ͦù˵ˣĲ˼ĺһ˵ҵõʾ㽫һβԣһһҵָӡ
˵ˣȻ֪Ĳ˼ĿģĲ˼ҪԼһȥǼҵ˰ǸæڸոգĲ˼û֮ǰүӣѾʽҪԼȥǸæˡ
˵үʽˣĲ˼Ȼ⣬Ķһⴸײһ


202 ·
ʹȥĲ˼һЦЦݣҲֻһɲǣĲ˼ʵ˵үӲȥǲǹʲôˣ
ۻĴҪôҰȥ֪κ顭
Ĳ˼ϳһףһһⴸֻһ£ȴûײȥǱƣʵ˵ǲǣ
ѩǸѧ˵ʶڣҲ죬һѩŮӣôױ
ֻû꣬Ĳ˼ⴸڻˣƫƫĲ˼绹Ц˵ЩɶԼ˵ģڣһȡ
һ£Ĳ˼ⴸҲûʲôɴҽ
㻹СĲ˼ٴ⣬в˵
Ͼͱ졣
⻹࡭Ĳ˼ص˵ͷ˵ڶ飬ϣ˼˼һֱһ𣬶ңһϣ
һ׹Ĳ˼˵ʲôǼٵģҲĲԶɽһĵĲ˼İΣ鶼ôˣðƽҲƽˣô׷°
Ĳ˼ٴλζһ⣬΢еԥĻһ¡
Ͻ˵ɳһؼҵģӦüǵã뿪֮˼ų֡
Ĳ˼纮ŭԺһֱֱڶϣŰͻؼң
ٴν治ԼҪĲ˼ߣĲ˼һֱҪֱȷˮ֮뿪
Ǵͨ˵ģǲǣĲ˼粻ģʵ
̾һ˵ĲС㰡ðңһһסˣУҿɡҿʲôôҲò
źô֣صľ㣬ԺԶһһҪÿӣĲ˼ڴŹһˡ
һֹһԶ㣬Զһɣ˿ûǸʲôΰϲ
û꣬硱һ¶һĲ˼ⴸ
һ£ʹֻüͷͰһ䡰ˡ˳
Ĳ˼˵
ǡҪﰡüͷһŶӣ̧һʵ
ҶˣҸطԷȥ͡Ĳ˼Ȼ˵ţ漴Կף򿪡
ֻɣĹҵ𲽣һ߿һü˵ͳԷģûҪԷġ
Ĳ˼һȻҲ𻰣ı۾
ҪҸԷĵطǼ򵥣ͭҪҸԷĵطûһҲа˾ǧֻ°ĸ߷ڣöطòЩٵĽֵʻȥû뵽ʹһ㣬ȻƵԼѧǰ
عԼͶѧУһʱ֮Ǵζƿ
һ֮䣬ǰһӰϽһɲɲסҪǸӰȥ֮Լߡ
ֻһ֮䣬ɫ˱䡣
ŹˣһľװһܴƱ֯ٵĿȪˮƿӱ֯ƿڴ¶ƿӾһԼΪˣ˺ᴩ·Ϊոи˸տȪˮƿҪȥû뵽ͱײˡ
Щ͵ˣҧﾹȻĶ⡣
̸棡תͷȥԭҪһǸտȪˮƿͻᱻһ˼ߣû뵽˿̵Ȼ䵽ΪһտȪˮƿҲҪ˵ĵز
֪ʲôʱĲ˼Ѿ۾ǺĿʶ
ûشĲ˼磬ӿ·ߣͣתͷĲ˼˵æԸԸ
Ĳ˼ؿһ˵ɣôеǮǮ
ã˵ӣžɸϰ԰ɣҸҷݹ̫۵ģܸٹʶɡ
Ĳ˼㲻ûǮҪˣҪôӡ
ҡҡͷ䵽زҲдΪңԣҲǼҡ
Ĳ˼ֻҵžɵĵ绰룬һ̧ͷҪôϵأ
棬žǱпʲôıȽĻ͵鷳ˣھȥ
Ĳ˼룬ͨžɵĵ绰룬Ҫһ飬õĴ𸴺ˬ죬ſӣǧ壬ܳԹס̾ͿԴ˹ȥϰࡣ
Ĳ˼ҳʣֽž˵ĵַʵ͹ȥ
һ飬ʱǱĲ˼ųģϷľޡ
Ĳ˼е̾һ˵Ҫһ٣û뵽ˡ
˵ţӳӴó򿪣ӱͲһֽٿǮдŵַֽһ𣬴򿪳˳
ƫƫʱ򣬼ѧװкӣﶼſҪĿȪˮһ·ЦѧУߡ
һӣˮѿȪˮƿһӣǶһȺӺܾˣ˿ƿӣ澹Ȼܲ˹
ӿȪˮƿҲǴӵ·ϵɵ־Ȫˮƿһֱӷ䵽ֱϣֻʱһ۶
һ磬˲ЮǸȪˮƿƮ·У׷ǸȪˮƿҲ·м䡣
һ·ϣȻ࣬ҲûУܲ׷ǸȪˮƿһ˲͵·Уסﶶһ¡
ò״סǸҹĿƿӣ¶һ˿΢Цֻһ̣һ󱼷̶ɲ汳ײ˹
һֻ̣ʱҲÿն
ãع̧ȥ棬ֻΪϲǣվڽֱߣſǲ󱼵Ů˾ǳŭ
ԱߣĲ˼˪ĵǸŮ˾ոҪĲ˼ۼֿ죬Ů˾Ĵ󱼣ͻȥ
Ů˾һ󣬿ųˣĲ˼ǮǸдžɹصַֽҪ档
ֻҲȥĲ˼ǮֽǱƭˣȻûʱʱ̿׷Ƿµĸһ飬ϵĶڱ˵ʯͷ
ԣĲ˼ͣ涼ֻҡͷţҲԲȥǮǸַ
֮࣬Ĳ˼תͷӣЦŶ˵˼һ飬ô죿
룬˵³ȥ
Ĳ˼ʱܣ
ҲǿЦһ£ĵĽ͵ˣô˵һЩ֮زҲܲܣɣǷģһҼӱ
Ĳ˼΢һʵôȥ
Żȥ㲻֪һǮҲûϰ
áĲ˼Ц⣬˳ӣĲ˼ŷӣȥ档
˳ӣǶ㿪ߣߵѧУſڣҺõϴŵҲһѧװͷҲѧ࣬УſҲвٵѧȥϿΣȻҲͲرȥע
Ĳ˼ڽȰϳӣȻ󽥽ʧڴ־ͷسһ
ֻʱļ͵رһ£һ


203 ˽
عͷˣȻǸոոүûõѩѩһɣϼװҲеࡣ
Щ죺ô
ѩЦЦոջȥ˼ҪϿΣҾ͸һû뵽㡣
ѩ⣬˵ǰүദǺ죬ԣЦЦ֮׼ؼҡ
ѩ׼ߣϽһ벻֪ǵʲô
Ǽҵʲôǲ֪ҲԲǲȥǼһʧε鵽ʲôΣֻǣүӶȥæˣ֪Ͳ֪ʲôô
ԣ̾һʲôϵ𣿡
ѩˣ΢΢ǵģˣȸһ£ӵǲǡѡ
ҲûʲôϵʮƽĴһʼѩԼǡѡڸѩô
ֻѩôһʣ·ѧһѷ߷߲ƽĿͶôƯŮӣȥ
¾˽ѯʣѩĸ꼶ĸŮ
㵹ǻشҰǣǲǣѩ
ǼѧԼ˰ΣŴǡ
Ҿ֪Ǹǣ԰ɣǾͿ˽ˡѩ˵ţһЦ⣬ǰקס
˽ʧ˳
·ѧУѾʼð
ѩԼ˵˻Ͻ˽ж
Ȼѩ˼Ǽѧ˽ж˽ƫƫոѩְֶ˳Ǽѧ̱桰֪ĸѧ㣬Ҫոѧ˽
ѩקţƤһ˽Ҳã˽жҲãѩһĻҪֵܴˣĲ˵ѩ˽ȥ£үԼĲ˼硭
һ£ѩģܹÿȥֱӾͱѩקţѩĲҽĳӡ
ѩųӣֱӾҪ뿪ͭǣڳûɣϼǴкأʱˣľͲ˵ˣŪûᱨġ
ѩһ˵Ҫ΢΢һ£תͷ۵ֿһ㣬ʮӣͰͻصţ統̡
Ӹɣϼ˽ţһ̧ͷѩˣҴҵĽ̷վ
ʻɣϼ˵ãСҪ˽ֵϼ졭
˵ţֱ䣬ԼֹѩϣӻɣϼܹԼɡ
ֻһ˽֣۾Ӷ˳ոգĲ˼š˽һأһҪСȥ˽
ӵԴҲתÿ죬һգ۾ѩ˼үӲȥæѩ˽Ҫק
Щԥ˽ȥæʲôľͲ˵ˣǱꡭ
ѩ˵ͳһпŵ輸ϣϽеʮõ塭
ʮ򣡡˷ǰĹأ˷䣬һҲʮü˽
Ӷ˵ſɣϼһ߰ɡ
䲻ϳû뵽һֱӾͰ˳ѩǰһƣ˷˵ȥ˫޳ɣ߰ɣˣˡ
ɣϼȻԭίȴǼԸ˹˹˵ðɡҪǡҪǡ
ѩקͷҲص˵£Ҿͽ죬ʱĻǡ
ֻһӣӽһԣѩ΢΢ü漴ָһҲá
˳ӣ˳ѩٴηӣȻһ̵Ŀʼ˽
ֻһﶫ̼䣬ɫЩԼŵⲿողߣϡſͣһ
ѩӺӾ￴һ£Ҳ΢΢üŲȵ˵ף̼ܽ
ͭǣ˸٣ѩ򿪵ǣȻָʾһ·߸ͽ
˻ƻʱڣѾʣ޼·ߵķվѳӿ˽ȥֻͣͼӺˣѩȴЩΣԼûǮˣ
пеʮ򣬶
ҡͷԵ˵ˣ鶼ǣٺ١Ƕɡ
ŭĵһۣǿβѵѩֻðԼǮó˳㣬ЩԵĺȵġ
ˣɽӿϸ٣СʱѩŰѳӿ¸٣һұݣ䷿ֽЩԵģԱ㣬ϢȻǮ򵥵ģ
ӻЦ˵ûϵʮʲôģֻǵ渶
ȻǰղѣȻǵ渶ΪʲôǮЦһ׼Ϣû뵽һŭĴ˽Ĳ˼磡
ſͣӵģĲ˼磡
͵žɵĹϣž͵ȺʱĲ˼ģǸģžɻΪˣֻĲ˼ĸžɰ˵һ飬ȻûἰžɿĲҵķϣֱӰǰ˵ģȥտӣң˼ٿǮʡ
֪Ĳ˼ĲƭȻ֪Ĳ˼ΪʲôôĲ˼绹Ǹм˺һ
ݹȻ϶Ǯһ˵±Ҳܹˣ𿿼治֪ǿ˶ٱ
ֻĲ˼Ҫ롰Ƿ飬΢˼䣬תͷֱţ統̡
³һʣ֪ڸղţѩѾ˽ˣĲ˼ʱŭɽߣվԼˣ
Ĳ˼Ҳ֪ѩĸܣƫѩĳӣǽĲҵģ϶жλǣĲ˼ֻ΢˵׷
һĲ˼ҪȥҺѩĲ˼磬ʱ͵͵Ľһɩӡ
Ĳ˼硰šһǻӦѩݺݵصһۣһ䣺ͷôʰ㡭Ȼѩסһ䷿
ڶһ磬ոϴϣĲ˼ܹ˵ֱӽסϵԼĳԱߣͺһ䣺ϳ
Ĳ˼ӣҪԼǿϸ٣Լûɹ鰡
һĲ˼绹ûȥֻڸʻλϣȻŤסˡ
üͷʵܲˣﻹҪ
ס죬Ҳұ֤ܵġĲ˼ŭһ䡣
죬Լȷܣǡɡ
Ҳ֪ѩĲ˼ʲôЭ飬ѩ˳ֱǰ濪·
һѩһ˴˽ģĲ˼ҲŴ˽ĸһ˽
һ·Ϸ¶ޣ߹ĵطԽԽǻų⼫ΪϡٵĳԼľˣҪɳĮ߰


204 ӽ̵
õǶһĲ˼Ҳܡϵӡ
һ·ֻۣǿ쵽ɳĮԵʱĲ˼ĳӳ˹ϣܿˣƫƫһ·ϣ̣˵޳ģҪһˮȺȣѵúܡ
֮£Ĳ˼ֻðѳ·ߣһѩĳӡ
ԭڸʻλõӣȻĲ鲻ԸıĲ˼糶˺š
һҲѩĲ˼˻
һһ·ϸѩˣȻ֮һ𣬶ңĲ˼˳ѩҲֻǸĲ˼ߴߴɣҪ춼ѣһӶʱ
ı̸һЩħԴʱ䣬Բһħӽһ飬Ҫ졣
һЩħĻҪ죬ʤԼˣӱ㲻ٽȥ˵ʲôʦҪһ֣ƫƫͷϣϲϰݣǲӣղѣӱΣֻתע˵һЩԼܵʽ
һθȥܣ˸ףһ˵ʽҲ˲ٵȤ
ֻһȫץ۾ʲôģѩĲ˼̲סЦ
ӽɳĮԵһйСѩѳͣϡѩ˵ϣðҪװɹȫǰߣ˵ֻҪҵһˮΪ
򲹸װǮɻԤȡ渶
ֻÿһſĲ˼һϵȥȡЩֽ
˵ǲֵ࣬ܿѩҪ󣬹ÿһװĻҲҪʮһȡôĿֽ𣬶ûӴֻһϴװˣϣЩĿ
˵ؼǸվһģĲ˼һŮżʮֽ벻עӶС
ող߳вԶͻȻһĲ˼סһ
Ĳ˼عͷȥֻһŲطȴһװӣͷϴ˶ձñˣڱԶȥӵϼһֽѸٵĴػĲ˼飬Ȼµһȥ
ǮˣĲ˼Ͻ˵
ֻͷ·Ĳ˼һ˵ϽͷȥĴӣӺúõģǸ˼˲ٵǮҲԼ޹ء
ԼǮˣ⣬׼ǰȥѩ˻ϡ
û뵽ʱǰһűطװˣסĲ˼ˣðͨ˵ǮˣϿȥ׷
һƣЩҪʲôԼǮڴһҲûߣȥ׷׷ʲô
Ĳ˼Ϳ⣬飬Ĳ˼ɾһпǼĶˣ²ɫ˵ллĺ⣬ûκζ
ͭǣĲ˼ȻǺľȥǽ˲ֻбץƭӸҪȥĲ˼Ҳôˡ
ΪĲ˼ûԼ˼һץסָſҪʧǸձñˣżѵ˵졭Ǯ׷
һ£˵ſңǲҵ¡
ֻһû뵽Ǹ˳ƾ͵˵ϣ۴
ɶͷһ
ֻû룬һӲ֪ܳĸˣһӾͽĲ˼硢Χס
ô¡һСʡ
Ե޹ʵĸˡһСñϸһȦˣ۾Ŀ¶׹⡣
лú˵Ŷֵģ顭һüΪ׼ͨ˵
һͲȴһͺͷưˣҡͷԵ˵컯֮£Ǯƣڡ
һƣĲ˼ﻹף˵ȷЩǮҪҲԣǾ͵ÿǸûУ
˵ţ˸ƣ͵⼸ǰ
һⳡ棬ʱϴرڻ⼸ʮǮǲںǰȴһǮҲԸ
ӴǣĿˣҶĺúõĽѵѵ㣡ͺͷưţһ
ңһĿ꣬ҪǴǮ
ˣһۡһţ׼ͺͷưɲ˳ȥټҲǳ䲻⣬һŽʵʵͷͷưɲһȻ̵ġץǡߡͬڼǡڡ˵һصĸо
ͺͷưҲ뵽ѧ־ȻôڣһžԼӡ
ͺͷưһҽУһ˫ɣ˫һǰֻһ˲䣬һ˫۾ʹķ˰ס
ǸСӺһ˫۾ȻܵĲ˼ǰҲǸӣĲ˼һкڻġ
Ĳ˼ͭǾ䣬ùɢ֣С֣Ĳ˼統
Ĳ˼ûŲһһֵסСӵȭͷһֻ֡硱һȭСӵۿϣͬʱҽ߳Сӵϥǡ
Сûüгһ㵥ϥĲ˼ǰ
һ棬˹ڵˣӺݵñСһȦСӣ
ӴӲСȴĲ˼硣
Ҫʼݣֱӽ߰ӵɲСǴˣб
һߵһӣһԼĴϣ࣬һҲûʲôϵ
ĽŻûջ类ץסˣһץʹһˤ
νˤʵеıͶϸ˵ͶǿԼıΪ֧㽫ˤļɼƵĶҲʹӲˤʡ١
ֻץסԷķǶԷ⣬ȻѸٵȥβסԷѶԷԼȻʹһܸԭѶԷӺˤ
زϲˤӣˤ֮һдˤֱˤҪ࣬ӵĹˤӦдˤݻȴˤҪǿ˲֪ٱ
ܶôᣬոһž̵Сӣﻹţ쿪ʤ˭֪˰ӣֻԼԴһΣ㱻žડһˤڵϡ
ΪֲǣһùˤˤԷ㼴̷֣ⰫõĹˤȻ̾ٴ˵ߣһץסڵϵ
ͨˤõĹˤˤкܴ𣬹ˤҪ̫ǧҪ̫ڹˤʱҪǶµʱҪͣ߼ܲǾõͼܣŻЩ
ӱͰڵͼȻռƣõķȻҲǵͼˣץסڵϵļֻ֮ԽҲҽΪᣬ忪󷽣תŶƣȻ壬ҲסҼ總Ҽ磬ƾϵıҪֱٽ˦һΡ
ʱЩ񣬻֮УҲ˲§ڻһǮ˫һϣס˰ӵĺ
һУҲӽ̵ģ˵ҲΪĲλ֮һֻҪһץԽ˵ĺ顣
һץȻڻ֮䣬ȴîģһʱ֮䣬ӱоЩѣ֪ǱסԼĺͷ²һš
ԼҪǽٴ˦ȥĿסԼĺһᱻˤԼĺԻᱻץϡãʱüΪѿģ϶Լ
һ֮ʣ̽һ˫ŲڰӵϣһڰӵıϣֻʵЩ


205 ܵ
ðӴǳһһ˫ţһ˫֣Ի֮ƣԼסˤµһ˿մ֡Ҳн߲
˵֮еĽ˿մ֣һλָżȻһ߲סݻܹʹý˿մֵˣһס֣Ǳ˿һ߲סһ㣬㹦ٸֽ˿մֲס;Ի޷һҪףĽֻǱý˿մֵ˸
ӻΪõ֡˿մ֡ⲻֻ֪ǵѣ׼ƴôȥ
һ˫Ųסӣץסӵĺڳ֣ŰӵĶţһȥ
ͬʮִĲλ֮һҧݣʮ£ӡ໡ĽһӶʼѪٱϼȭͷӱͨһſ˵ϡ
ֻһҲ໡Ľһһ˫űѹţ˸Ȧȡ
ò״Ӱʣ°ѽų˳תͷȥĲ˼ǱߣĲ˼ǱߣͰǸСӴſڵϣŹ
˿̵ģԴӴһǸɵˬģԼû϶ĿֱӸſ¶Ҫ֪ˣ׼ĺúõĽһ
ֻһȴһΪص⡪ǰǸɶˣңͬԼһǮһˣ
Ĵ˿ǸɶǸװǮĴӣûĿܣһգۣǰǸǮСӡ
һкĲ˼ȥ׷Ǯ˭֪һ뽫Χס
ڵϵСӡӣйڵСӡͷͷưһĲ˼
һ˵˴ˣ
һ˵ǸϿ˰ɣˣٲҽԺɾҪġ
һ˵ǻͦģ˾ʹĸ֪˭ˡ

Ĳ˼ֱŽе⼸ڹ컯֮£ƭ٣ֻǶˡ
û˵꣬һתͷڵϵģڵϵȫˡ
ĸ˲ˣʱΧĲ˼Ҳ˿
һҡͷ˵ֻǺ棬˱ĸ˴򣬿ǿ
һ˵ĸ˶Ǻˣ͸飬һﻹкö࣬ǻˣϿߡ
һ˵ԭǵǮǸô򣬴ã°컯գ
һ˵ǮƲ֮ûˣȥ׬ǡ
Ĳ˼һһ־ץסһƤаӵˣһֻһ׼óסһ˵룬ʲôģڳˣû
Ĳ˼ץס˺ǿһЦʵλ㻹ʲôҪû£ҿɵȥæˡ
Ĳ˼һЦǸһģղһҲƺ˵ġ
һվסŲһ˵⻰˵òˣǿֻǿֵģʲôǮǮʲôģɸǰϵҲûС
һ˵ֻ·ѣô˵ĺ˵˵ô˿ǿŵġ
Ҫһˣ⼸ɡˣȷʵҲûʲô˵ֻǣĲ˼֪ǸˡǮʼЩƺõġ
̰ģ߲Ǹ˼Ǯ̾ͻ׷ȥǸҲͻǰţѡǮ˴ƫƧĵط㡰ǮֻڸǮʱ̾ת˵ǮģһжǮᱻҪءȥ
ֻĲ˼˻ǾȻȥ˲ϵһɶģȲסˣȻٳ˵ֱӾͶ֣ȻɶֱӾǮˣһ⼸˵ˣܸɵùȻﳤȥɲ˼ңŤɳҲֻǸܶŹƭǮϵҲûС
ˣΪ֮ǣۻ᲻ɵù˼ң˼ġˣֻǡ·ƽֻǡȰ桱ֱӶֵ˿ȫˡ
ҪһˣŪȥҲ޻˵ֻأ⼸ϵһеͷ
Ĳ˼Ҳø磬ֱץǸ̤ǰȥ
Ĳ˼ץŵ˴һƽ͵ɹƭöˣȻϵõģȻ˿ţȴûǰ
Ĳ˼糶ˣѭǰǮ߹Сӣֱ˽ȥȻСԽԽƫƧСۣİƧЩɭĲ˼һ󣬵ûʲô쳣
СӣһﳤҰݵβ¥Ĳ˼Դһ£ȻЩ߹ĺۼȴ̻Ϣ֪һ˳һѵ㡣
Ĳ˼ץŵǸ˷ſȻ˵ֻ˵һ飬ĻشҲ⣬ߺߡ
˺ǾֵĿĲ˼磬Ĳ˼СӺǸͺͷưۿģǽһڣ
㣬Ĳ˼綢ɪɪʵ
ҽ󣬹ŪˣֻǸ·ˡսսĴ
Ĳ˼һף󣺡˵ǵǵͷ˭
ֻҪҵһ˵ѣסǵͷߵǮȻҲͲ⡣
ԩʲô֪
Ĳ˼ðǰȥ硱һȭۿϣ治֪
ҽһۣȥﺿ
Ĳ˼һץס죬硱һȭұۿϣ㻹ǲ֪
һ˫۾׵ϣУ̡
Ĳ˼ٴνȭͷ׼ıӣȵǲ֪ǲ˵˵ţ硱һȭ
һ£ɴɵϣţɱˡɱˡ
ûϼӲݴС½½ʮŲصľֹܵǰǮģɶģܵģġˣ⻹кüĲ˼粻ġ
Ĳ˼֪϶ĵ˷źţһ㳲ǰȱĲ˼ץס
ͷ˳ơ۴񡱵棬Ǹӣ˵ʮĴʯһﵥֿԾϺüʮ£˵ޱȣһ˫ֱֱۣӾֶϲ豭ϸľӣҲԼ͡Ϻ̲Ǹ꣬Ȼֻһ֮ԼʤǸ棬۴񡱱ɴ˶
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Ĳ˼罫ԼԴشŹҽУһ˫ţۣһӸֱָĲ˼磬ͲûѧǿȵأſҵֵܣҽʬΣ
һĪĿĲ˼練һЦ˵ƭҼʮǮƾһһԳϼηʶģǮҲͲ׷ˣ򣬺ߺߡ
Ĳ˼¶һЦ۾ֱˣˮҲ˳ðΣתͷȥʵ˭˭춯λǮ
Щ˵Ĳ˼ָǸɶ˵ҵǮ
ֻɶһ޹˵ͷԩǵȷһϷûǮǹͷСǼһᣬǣǷҲӵġ
桰߾ĴһȵСˣֵ˵ûǮǾһûǮˣȻҵֵûǮ㣬ȴΪΣ
Ĳ˼סЦһȥϷȴһƦͷӡ
Ĳ˼粻Ǹɶ˵ҵȷһǲǮȫǷֽһأͷ㿴
˵ţɶóһװǮĴһģһϴݵǰĿ
̽ͷһһһķֽʲôƱ
ǮǸСˣŮˣӵġɶٴ˵
ֱʱĲ˼أˣһܵˣ


206 
һĲ˼ܵǵûúܹ£ȫԼĲȥݻǺ͵м͡
Ĳ˼ţ潫ϴۡһĲ˼ǰٴΡѽĴһ˵Ƕ̲ͷϣɸ˵һ䲻˵죬ԱϳҲһῶңơ
Ĳ˼ĺһҪ˵ԼǶ̲ʲôģǣҲԲȥˡ
Ĳ˼̬ȣҲΪ⣬˵Ϊȫûĳ˷ɵи
Ĳ˼絭ĺ˺ߣ˵һϻһ
⻰һ˵ߵļ˶ٺٵЦЦ˵
ҲǺٺٵЦһ˵ҶǵϻģĳƽصӢۣգֻҪܹУеĹᣬԵһʹ⣬ֻҪ㿪ڣЩ΢̲ĳԵϡ
˵ţ桰ľ߹ŷ硱һ˫֣Ĳ˼˸ȭ
Ĳ˼ЦԷǣʲôˣҲСˣû뵽˵£Ȼôײ࣬ӦС˵̫˰ɡ
У붼ö룬Ĳ˼ţ˵УֱӽһŵҲӦòʲô̫ѵ顣
ֻĲ˼绹ûֻ֣Ŀ档
Ĳ˼һϲֵ
ϲǣȻǰѣӦǰߵѩ˵ˣѩԼս˵һ棬ٶϼƦåҲֻСһ
ֻϲһ˲ֱ˵ǣѩӶûһˣң͵͵濿ô£
ֻһƬ̣Ĳ˼ٴδһһǹǹĲ˼һеˣŸ߶ȵУûгǹ֤ȴǹѾǸΪΪˣֻĲ˼벻ǹǴŪġ
Ĳ˼绹ǹǴŪʱǹһ壬˿Ҳûע⵽ؿ档
ƫƫʱڵϵ󣬻عҲһǹ濿ʱ˳桭Сġ
ʱѾԶˣһУϽǹУ𶯡ǹɱȫ£¡
ȻһУһתԴȴһڶǹԼʱ໡ĴһϽȥ
һ˵书ٺãִĻҲԱοڶ̶̵׵ľ֮ڡ
üСѵ߱ͺͷưӣϽĸֹܣľصʲôһӣ˫ֱԴ׵˵ϡ
ͺͷưһֺ֪ڵÿԣҪԼҶû׼һӵͻᳯԼɹԣһڵϣֻҪ굽ȥ
ǹĲ˼󼱣ǹɲǺģҪ˵۶ֻǹѾһСˣҪһǹⱲҲͻˡ
Ĳ˼ɲһӾôˣ¼˵ǹ£
˭֪˵һᰵǿƾһɱһҲĹ֣˼磬ǵˡ
ڵϣŤͷУֵܣᣬǸᣬҽ͡
ƨҵǮһ֣ǹڳ죬硱Ŀһǹ
˵ʲô˷Ѷٿˮûһǹüԭ׼͵Ϯˣ̶Դ˵ϡ
Ĳ˼Ŀ˵㴳ˣϿǹҡ
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ǹУǹʱ䵽Ĳ˼Ҳʹһӵϥڵϡ
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Ĳ˼ʸǹˣƽȻҲûǹǹĲ˼Ȼö࿴ֱܹó滹װмӵ
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207 ˭
رŭԼһõĵͷߣȻһëͷСӸˣˣԴڵƵģԺôضϻ찡
һ֣еĲ˼սˣȴӵһߵžͳĶӵĲ˼Χ˹ȥ
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ͺͷưǼ֪Ĳ˼ݣľҪȴһס˵磬ʲôţҲϲ֮ԩɡ


208 Ϲ
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Ĳ˼Щͷ˵ⲻȥǸĻ𣿡
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ϹӺǸмڱ϶һ߳ţɺſȪˮһ߸̸
һͷʰһоûһķţ֪ô˵ˡħӻһЩħȻһĻǸȤϹӴ
˵ҲһЩħϹӴҡͷ˵ӸͲħȻԼݼУһϹ֪֮
ϹЦЦ˵ȻϹˣҲüħҪܿǾ˵ǶħģҪҪԡ
˵νħŪ٣ַֻֻҪ֪ԭ˵ûһħٳ
ǡͬˡԷǸϹӣȴƫƫԼȻʮˬҪϹӱһȻ˵Ϲķڷ
ϹӼӦʣһЦ̽·һνһ䡱Ǹ̽·ʱһʻ


209 ߲ʱ
ħ˵ʵǼùӱʻӡ˿ӼõңţַϹҪһֹ
ԭܼ򵥣̽·ӣһħĵߣʮǮõһֻҪڿĵĹ˿ٻʲôģһַȻĿһµĸо
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Щġɫ͸ǵ࣬Ҳǵһģ˵ԼĲ˼ǿűˮ飬ɫҲһĨǰ䣬ҲɫģȻͬˣһҲֻһɫңԶԶûڿ֡Ũҡ
һʲôı౦Ǻ档
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ԼǸɶǸϹӣҪüʱһﻻ·ǶһףƾߵǰҲϲˡ
ȥʲôһֱӾͳȥ
ǸϹӴ·׼¿ӣͻȻȣ֪Ƕ·׷˹һţոʵŲϵĿҲˣֱŤͷܡ
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ûʱѾ嵽˸ǰ
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һǸϹӣװģһ˫׶ٵֻһ˶ʱ¶һ׹⡣
Ҳ׹һҪɱ˵


210 Ϊ
һ֮䣬˴ӵָŭȻɱ㣡
ŵӣŭˣȵǮҵĶ
˲ɷ˵һ֣зﵯһѵɵˢľͳŴ˹
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һеӽ̵ģǷԼıܡ
صķɳѥ˵ͷϣ̷һƺߣô˻һţȻƴԱһ
Դţһֻ۾Щģ
ҡҡλεվҪȥڽŲϿʵ룬񶫸Ͳᣬ֪ץһʯ˵Դȥ
ܲʯͷԴ˸ţѪʱȪˮһ˳
˸ʹһ˫۾ԹĶ˻еСӡţһὫʬεġ
꣬תͷȥ
Ϣţһƽû뵽ƭԼĲô׺ݣҪԼˡ
õǣ˵֣ʵͨĲ˼硢ѩһˣҪˣ˵õɵֻҪһֻ־õ
顭ſҪӰǸˣ߷ߵһ䣬תͷȥǸװϹӵ
ǹ߲ʱǴǼװ淢ġ
˹ȥǼЩװ˶ȴûеǮҪ˵һǮԼǮѩЩûһ
ǮأЩأѵǸѾصȥˣ
ҲܰɣϾƭ֮󣬵ʱѾ̣㹻һ˲Ķ
Ǹˣ֪ͨĲ˼硢ѩǼҲ޼¡
̾һһһƻȻȥװ﷢߲ʱģʲô
ǼһǰǰԼһٶĲʲôҲùԼǶԼʧһ
׼Ǵװڴðģֽȥͣû뵽ͳģȻһӣǰŵĲ࣬Ӳ󣬱ȳ麵õ̴װҵĺɰ˶ٵһƾɲӡ
ôƲӣᷢǲ죬᲻ῴˣǲװŶı
Ӱ񲻹ģֲ涫Уʲôء
תһŴӵײһֽڲӿϣҪĶΪʲô߲ᷢʱ
ֻһ˲䣬ӴӿһƿȪˮţϡﻩĵһѵĶţɡȪˮӡҵĵɽ䡢ˤʵĲصĳƱһƬ̣Ӱ˶һѡ
Щûһ죬ǮԼոȡ·ϱһ˽ȡ˵ģţɡȪˮʲôģģȫԼĶ
ֻЩҵˣȴɵۣôһССĴӣôôĶʲôװµģ
˺һǿſӿڣһȲӴ˲ƱΪҪôȥû뵽һƱӵĿڱ㣬һӱ˽ȥ
Ŀ˺һּһһ߶ϵĵɽ䣬ӿڱһţɽҲͬްľ͵˽ȥӣȴҲװж
ϲ˵ʲôˮ飬Ҥɣرͼһô棡
ֱǸħԣӦǡǬ
ǵãμǡиշ𣬾һӣ˵һĿռ䣬ܹأ⣬䴫˵˵ǰипտնˣȡ˲ⶫװʢģ벻Щ񻰴˵ıȷ
ϲ֮£Щ̽ͷ˿Ǹʧķ򣬼ûκ쳣Ž߰ĶһԶŻǬȻ󴧺ôӣߡ
ϲ֮ʣֱӻصѩͣӵĵطˣٴνǬ˳Ȼϡﻩģֱ⵹
һһ浹ĺöණԼģʮƽ߰˿ȭͷС䣬滹гǹװø⣬ӰˣʲôС
Ƭ̣ǸװϹӵˣıһӶԼûˣ
ǻ˵ǼһҪԼôõıأ˵Ǽһֺһ㣬ԼˣǴˣⱦԼҲͬò
һЩ飬һȴҳǧοԼ˺һ죬ҧôȼűΪ˵ֻҪԼ˵ȥû֪
ǸװϹӵļһǾֻùˡ
ЩùĶװشӣһ£˾Կʲôһ׷Ĳ˼˵˵ǣŴӳҳĲ˼ĵ绰ѩĺ룬ѩ˸绰˵ǮȫһˣĲ˼ǸϽĻ
ѩ˵绰͸ͷˣʧ˵Ҳ֪Сҵüɹģ˵Ǯһˣ˳˼䣬˵绰ӦǼææظϡ
⵱ٴϸһԼ˵ǣûʲô֮ŷĵĵȴĲ˼磬ӵˡ
򲻴Ĳ˼ŭĴһ˻һʣǲǸϹӸɵģ
Цʼ˵ǸϹӣҲ֪ȥĶˣȥһ飬ֲԶĵطҵζѰζ˹ȥ󣬲ŷ֣ԭǼһǵĶһˣҾͰЩ˳
ıò˼飬Ĳ˼ʶѩҲͶأȻϹùǮٲȻܹҵõûʲôϡˡ
Щװ棬ЩɳӣĲ˼ȻŲɣΨźǣûܹץǸϹӣ
Լһ£ϴһԩһǳһĲ˼Ůħͷ飬ǰƽˡ
ЦĶһȭ˵;󱦵أû뵽¶ˣ֮գǼضá
λŮĳܹʶѾֺ֮֮УգλŮݰٺᣬĳ˱ضӭ
һവĲ˼ļƤһأ񾭲
һ֮׼õһմɳӣûĳƱ˫͵ǰ˵ôæҲû׼ʲôϸ΢ȨҴһ⣬ǲֵһҩãҪƴǡ
һŵһƱ˵Ҳжʮʱֿ˻ֻȴƴǲѣ¼۵ģŮĴݣܵѵҲӦõģ̸ҩãĲҽܡ
˵šҽܡһ˫ȴ˹ȥһ¸ϲ⣬ǰʮûܿһۣñԴͰȣ֮ǰԹӣʮ֣˭Ҳù
ֻǮЦ˵ǸϹӵģƴҶǵðɣǼһﺦôҶ˲ٿͷ´ΣҪҪĻҰҶ¡
һȻǵͷǣظ˵ֻҪǼһ֤һδһΣһֱϹ趼ϵΪֹ


211 Ұ
Ĳ˼һֱǲ⣬ѧĿ˵񡭡ҩѡҶ¡Ҹ㣬ΪƾһҾͿ㡭
ѣ㣬һ·ϣԵĺȵģɶǶϼѪǸҲͲͼǸʲôĴ۲ܿǣ
Ĳ˼ŭٸʲôϡ
ڳӺϣֹӣˣС֣˴˰۹ˣҲãĲСʱܣǡ
˵Ĳ˼ʱʧˣ÷ǳ⣬ʲô˳ۣˡʲôģûʲôûΪ
һ˵˵Ҳǡ
û˵꣬Ĳ˼͵زɲתͷŭ˵ŲҰȥ
ĻȻû˵Ĳ˼ʧˣһЦݣһĲ˼ʹԣĲ˼Ҫ
ֻĲ˼ɲʱ͵һ𣬰˯ѩѹô£ɩӡ
Ĳ˼һۣתͷһ߼һߴû£˯ɡ
ѩ˹һҲ˯ţĳ˰񣬶˵Բһҡ
Ĳ˼ġ͡ȣѩˮȻǼԸ
С㣬ҲӦ˵˵ǼǼ£Ҫȥ˰ɣӣѩѹûʲôҪҵ˵
ѩ̾һʵϣҵȷүүʲôȡ֣ӦúϤ԰ɡ
ȣǰһʱ䣬ûµʱǲҳôһ棬һ£˵ȣһȣҹɽһСաϿȡ
Ͽǿţ׵磬ΪӵĵԼһЩ¼ʹϢԳ֮Ϊȡ
Ҫȥɽһ˷˵ɽõĻŶܼһ飬ֻܲ˵Ҫ
ѩٴ̾һڼ֮ǰүүһЩʲôҲ֪ʱڿϿȿ죬үүЩԼ죬ҴӿϿȻүүѾʼж
͵͵ؼүүķ䣬ȴûҵʲô쳣ĶүүүүͲңʲôүүʼһжʱ򣬺˷ܣһδεʧܣүүؾͱñ
үүϸʲôҲֻȥѰҵˣÿһ˴ǸطȥһԼΪĶˣЩ˴ȥ˵ĿֲﵽʯӶͷ棬ʲôУֻүүЩĶֻǿһۣһǮʹ˼ҡ
֮£͵͵شһ£֪жĿĵһСȡһСɽ֮⣬вжˣҲ֪ʲôĶ
и˸˵үүӦѰһһЩһִ˵ĶԣҲֻܸүүѰҵģӦþֻһ
үӵؿƿкܴĹϵүܹϲԼҪҵĶ˵Ǵ˵ĶҵõҲиȷĿ꣬ӦþͲ֡
ϧǣүƫƫֻ߱һһص㣬ȴ˵ԼҪҵʲôѴȥĶȫȷ˲²͸үҪҵʲôߣҪҵĶһšһ࣬û취ֵ
ѩôһ˵׹үҪҵĶүײԱ˵⡰֣ȷΨһܹ׼ȷһЩ
Ǯյġӹһ䡣
ȴΪүҪҵĶӦÿҪҵˡʧܣү֪Ǹطܹɵó
ѩҡҡͷ˵ϧߵʱүү򼿴ģҽӽһ¶УӦþǺҰ
ЦûҲûʲôϵأ
֪Լ̣ºܲĻؾһ䣺򼶼ҳԣ㻹ֻأٺ٣һֻ첻µزµС
ʲôãµҾͲ˵ˣÿϻأมѧһУȻ˵һֻҴҹ١
ԭѩôһ˵ʱЦ˳Ĳ˼ȻҲһ̣¶һ˿Ц⡣
һЦնʱࡣ
ѩЦһ˵֪ȡܺãҪһ£ҪȥĵطµɽǸȣ
ȥɽһЩʧԼ㵽ɽȥתתܲתϵȵأ
Ĳ˼û˵ȥɽ·͹˺ü
ѩЦЦ˵ҪȥĵطһɳĮĸأȣǰȥˣΪȡһүүָҪѰҵķΧ
ĸΧж󣿡ʧ֮࣬ʡ
ֻȴüͷʵǰȥˣΪʲôҪΪȡأ
ѩθӣأ⣬ɺԵ÷ԲʮﶼҲһˮ˵һأǰȥǼˣûϡ
ҡԴ˵ûˮôÿ˶һƿˮܹһ죬ƾʲôϡ
ӣ˵Ȼǰȥĺü˶ûܳϣȻиָԭˣװʳˮ桢εȵȣǲ˾ôء
ѩ˵ͷǰȥҲ˵ҪԭȷЩ
˵䣬Ĳ˼ѳͣǰѾһƬĸ̲ضǴССʯ飬ѾǴ粽ˡ
ѩĲ˼³һŵͼڵͼָָ㣬˺һŸ˵ǳܹľͷʣµ·̣ÿԼһ˫ţңпܻҪһʱ䣬ܵȡ
ͿʼߣץץԴЩʹʵ
ͷϵ̫յ˶վһЩΣñżʮصĲװһ죬⻹˻
֪Ҫͽߣﲻڹʱƥա
Ĳ˼˺ߣһ·˼죿
ָͷ졭
ųӶ죬ջҪ죿
ϸһ󣬾ҪյĻҪɣ
ջƥ죬ҪҪԵĺȵģУϻڳſյͲ˵һֻܶƥա
Щʹ˵㣬Ұɣҵѧʦ̵ģ˰ɡ
죬ʼʰЩװ˵ʲôûãǳʰʰϽ֮Щȥ


212 ջ
ҲѹѩĲ˼˶û׼ƥƬ̲ϣ߲СʱͿʼɽ·Ŷѣͱ˵ƥˡ
ҪջƥҲܽʡСʱ·̡
֮£ĸ˼ûϼͱһˮҪȻ۾ģͲһƬڣһƬһŵǡ
һɽѩָŶһɽͷ˵ǽ·̣ǶǵɽɽǱߣǰȥȵӪء
һƨȥ漴ֵϵʯ̵ģ̫ɹʯͷϼ켦ˡ
Ǿʹ˰ӪկʱͲ˵ˣҲù
Ǽ߰ɣӰ̾һ
ڸߣɳĮžĲһ˵ҪɳĮߵĻѡ¶ȱȽϵ͵糿нɱܿյ¶ߵʱΣ԰ġˮģͣȻǰǲҪ̫ϸʱơ
ھû취ȥʱȣ·ϺķѰ죬ѰҵĻС˺üɣ˵Ҫڸ̲ϸ·Ǽǲܵ顣
ԣζҲ밴ռȶİţӦҪ·̡
ѩĲ˼˶ӣʹԭϣżʮصıҲܼš
Եúǳˣǵһϸԭ֮⣬ƽＸûйĶ˺ͨ˵Ĳࡣ
СɽӪصʱ˶̱ڵϲܶˣҺãʱ̫ҲѾ׹ӪǴڱȽɽ
⴦Ӫأǰ߹ˣģҲֻ嶥񣬺һЩߵʱҪĶȼ¯ֽʲôģʳˮʲôģͲҪȥ룬㻹ʣһЩǰҲһ·Ҫߣ
ֻǼȼ¯һҲûˣӦǰù⣬߽ϴ˵ġ
Ǹ˶۵Щˣ˲ȥϸÿֱӪм䣬¯ӵΧһɣȴ˵
ѩϢһʱ򿪱ȡһСȼϣע¯ӣֽﵽһСƿˮȻȡţɣֱӷŽˮſʼ
һѩƣƶûô¹Ķºҵ֮⣬ϾֻܡǺǡˡ
ӶʱٺٵЦСղҪǲĻܲҴ֣
ѩ׹Цɵһ졣
Ĳ˼ȴ˵ΪտʲôģˮˣҲˣɱȲüòȥãһжҪԽԼΪȣҪȻһпôվ
ĻȷҪԽԼΪȣòȥʱӵҲһʼʹִŵ˷ѡ
ӳ˸񣬶ʱƿԡ
֪ĸ䣬ͻȻеʲô
ĽĲ˼һ뿴˹ȥֻڵϣӶһ棬ƺٶʲô
Ӫﻹʲô˵ķ֣Ĳ˼һȥ
û뵽ķ֣Ǿˣ
Ƕ棬һǳǳСӣŲٵĺöȼϡˮʳһСӴף߰˰˵ģôһѡ
һЩȻϲʤҪһˡ
ǰѩķѲѳǶС£ؼûٷϡɣԼһ˾ֵܷ롣
ʳסӵ죬ȥ֡ҪԼ֮⣬ȻҪһ
ںˣȼϳ㵽⡰ӻʳҲܹӺԺһ١
ֻĲ˼Щ棬ôֵģ
ٺٵЦһûңܿǷһ£ٺ١û뵽ջ񡣡
Ĳ˼Ŀһ£ǰһԶĵطȻ̲Ҫɾˮգƣ㡱ĺۼ
һҪҲԶĲ˼һ죬Ťͷߡ
ߣһ¯ӣעȼϣְһڴĸֽˮŵˮ
ˮտظÿҨһ뿪ˮȻſʼ󷹣ҵĴףһĸ˵ķȻϴ¹
ѩǹԼţȷŵһߣ˿ڹӹϴˢɾȻŵ¯𳴲ˡ
òĶѩĲ˼˶ҪĲ˼綯󷹵Ļ϶ѩһҲҪԼһѡ
ûãӵĲ˳ˣ׷Ҳðһ˵ζ
⼸죬ĸ˳¹ӣǳԸ⼸죬֮󣬳ԵĻϾţɡѹʲôģȵģҲǰ°ȵĿȪˮûʲôζˡ
ܺһڹ̵Ŀˮһ׷ǼֱһĪܡ
Ĳ˼ѩ˶ҪˮЦǺǵķԸ
һţɣһȻһһţɣһţɣһţһ߷ζζãҷҲ㣬ԵĲ˼ѩǴ͡
Сջ񡱵Ĵ󹦳Ĳ˼ѩ˿䵽һߡ
Թ˷ڻһʱ䣬ӿĲ˼ѩ˸ˣûֽ̡һЩսɡ
Ʈ˼꣬Ȼûٸ˴ܣֻÿһθ˴ܣ඼ñ׵³ڣλ֡ǰǸ֮ʣûҪУǾ̫ԲԼˡ
ѩĲ˼ˣҲû̻ܽӼУ书ڷܣٲûҪԡ
Ĳ˼̸һУ˵̣˴СʱӲƫƫѩһУûѧᣬְĲ˼̵иˡ
żǿϣȥѧǸʲô
ˣӲǼסһУһУߵѧˣǰǵĸɸɾѩĲ˼ЦԷǡЦá
һʵڿȥת߿Ϣɣ컹Ҫ·ء
һ˲䣬ءһ
ˣĲ˼硢ѩӣҲ˸һ
ǡĲ˼ʧе
ǸԭҲϡ棬ֻĸǼѲصһͷͷǣƾĲ˼ѩ֣Ҳ塣
һǺ֮󣬸Ӧģ˵Ҳʮ߰ͷǣʱɽءǺһƬһȺǰ
һѩˢһɷԼĲ˼ƴԱô죿
֮ڹʱѩ˲صΪ˵һǣΨһܹģҲֻвص
ֻвصô죿
Ĳ˼ĺɫĿʱЩСɽûһʲôطԶȺǵĹ
ҪŷˣߣǣһȺǡ
ʵϣֻӺ£Ĳ˼硢ѩ飬һͷϻһͷʨӣȺ档
ֶײгԡη˽ƻµǼ֯ԣȺǣͷǵĺ֮£򹥻أˣ˵һֻ⡣
ѩѭȥֻĺɫ֮УһͷСţӲСĻëǣڶɽͷϣӪļ˻
ͷëϣвӰӣȫǡ
ʱٴηһС
Ĳ˼Ͻ˹ȥԭĸ˵ӪأһʼæʲôģҲûϸļÿһ棬ԼΧĻ
ڣȺĻ֮£뼸ԶһߣҪȥе㡰ջ񡱣û뵽ջ
߲Զ֮ʯѪ߰ߣΪԭѾŲѪζˣǵȴһ߰˵ĹǺ˹ǺԱߣм󹷰ĶǼܣǼܻܹѡ׶һ֧ǹˤ˹ǲԶĵطϻмʮöǣ
ӣ߹Ǻǰȵ֮һӦȺˣɱ˼ͷǣǵԼǼͷǣһǵĸ֮
Σ治ġջ񡱣ĲҾ̲סҪŻ³


213 ǹƥ
ԼһֻŶӣһֻ硭ǧ³ҪȻǿɾǼ˷ѡ
ǿŲµʱθһΪǿҵĳ鴤ۡһ˸ذ
Ĳ˼û˵ʮʬ㶼ģһ㳡㶼̲סˣ
ѩһӣϽתȥһƿˮݸڡ
ʱĲ˼Ѿǰǹһ£ǰAK47߳£ӵǱ˵ġ
Ĳ˼üͷһûӵĿǹԸȺĻͽŲصʹ
ֻҪӰɣվе㲻ᣬϾǹ
ʱѩ˵ɩӣûûģҪȺˣǾǳֱ룬ǵøϽ׼һ£õʱæңƣӦ
Ĳ˼룬ɣʯ鲻٣ǽЩʯһȦ׼һЩȼϡѡ
ӸŻ£ҡ˵ΪʲôǲϽ˰
Ĳ˼ѩеĵĿһۣĶܣܹܵùȵǰ
ͷëǻڹ۲Σǲĵĸٶæˡ
ʯͷ޹Ȼ䵽ϣǾ͵ȡģֶھԼСӸɵøûãݳһ׶ߵʯͷΧǽΧһ߸ƽĿյء
Ĳ˼ѩһЩʲôģһЩϣ֧ļӣɻѡ
ֻĲ˼ӸݳΧǽǲ⣬̫Ҫ˵ǣһذǽĿռֲ󣡰Ѽ˵װŽ֮ĸӵһһͷͻƷ߳ĸ˾ͷɡ
۵ѾҪѪȻǸϽ°Щʯ飬ΧǽݵٸһЩ
æͣĲ˼ѩȴǿʼĿȻޣʱҲҶ˵
սڼĸ˵УҲѩĲ˼˻书ֺãһս͵ȫ֧ţڱĿϢþ񣬵ȻбҪ
Ĳ˼绳ﱧ֧ǹ᲻˿ѾݵòΧǽ˵ȸһȥǹϵζܲҵõһЩӵ
ҵӵȻǺ¶Ĳ˼ǲǼ񣬳ҵһյУӵҲûҵȥңĶȥ˵ǵĹ̻û깤ʱʲô©ӣǾǵĲԣҪǣ˵ϾҪˣȥǲΣղ飬УųһӵһȺǣҲ޼£ԣǲҪǱŲʵʵĻ룬ϽĻصʵ£ǿ
ﰵһӲϣԼҪ˵ȫµģһʱҲҲ˵ǣܹԼȥӵ
ھȲѵʱĲ˼۾˵
ڨڨЦЦΪĲ˼϶ҲúõĶԼһԣЩηηĥĥ
⼸Ĳ˼һʹЩ书ʲôģȻǲָѩֽĲ˼һɩӡĲ˼˼ȻҲ棬ԣĲ˼ʵϾͳһġϴ󡱣
ԣϴҪһСܣСȻùԹԵš
ֻû뵽ǣĲ˼еǰڴ˵һȺضһͷʩûͷëǣ϶һȺνֻҪ취ɱͷëǣµЩǣԻɢȥ
˶٣Ĳ˼˵ϧǣһ㶼ֱӲ빥ԣƾĲصֻȺս϶û취ԣܹҵһЩӵ
ѩ۾˿ɫǣ˵ӣһȵ֮󣬲ָȺԣԼֻһӵʱ䣬̰ģҵһӵǾǵʵҲҲû취£һ֮ڣص
Խ˵ѩԽǲԵǲ
Ĳ˼罫AK47ݵϣֵ˵ԼСһ鲻ȥ
ǵĲ˼ѩԼһҪԼȥӵҪôԼжû뵽Ĳ˼ֱӾԼһȥ⵹˼
û뵽һһʯͷ硱һڵϣŭ㣬Ϊȥ㡭Ͳܡ
û˵꣬Ĳ˼糯һۣӺĻֵ˻ȥ
AK47װģķŵϸᣬȻ΢΢۾·Ҫμסǹϵζһ
Ƭ̣ŰǹĲ˼磬Ȼ̧ͷĴһ£ӣѰǲиǹһζĶȻĲ˼Ǽ˿ģʵϣҪΧûܹһĵطźԼջ
ֻһ̣Ĳ˼ѩӣ˶ǽŵĿһҲҳºһڴ̾
һߣʮ֮ڣûܺõĵطüĵط󷽷ġҵӵ˵Ҳʮ׿⡣
Ĳ˼˵ˣȺڿܲᷢѩҲ˵ˣԼҲһӵʱ䣬ȹȥ˵ɡ
ʵҲȲѣԼˡǬŶ˳ֵúܣ΢΢ſӿڣʲôһӿڣ͡Զı˽ȥҪóȴһ鷳£֪кöණȴʲôʲôҪʲôһԶĶȻڲõĶٷŻȥȻ鷳ˡ
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ֻĻͱһ˲ܿüĵطҪȻǵ¶ڶɣ
װģʮ׿Ǹεĵطҡ˹ȥֻǱʱѩǵĵĽ
ˣϽɡ
ǰˣΣյģ

عͷֻѩʯͷԺǽϣһ˻УһȴضԼǸĲ˼磬룬ڱĿ
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ͻȻЩ߷߲ƽ
ʮ׵ľ룬Ҳûüӣ͵ǸΡĵطһ֮£ʱЩʧǰпߵĴʯͷģ벻ʯͷһԭʯͷĵƺܸߣߵ£¶˴ѩǵ֮ڡ
һ㡰ջ񡱣ֱӾʯͷȦĲ˼ǵ棬Լ¶ǣòŵǹƥĳֱܵȺв
ô죿һͷ󺹣Ĳ˼硢ѩǵ棬⡰ڶ϶ǲܹ¶ģǣԼǹӵֻҪóܹɢȺȴңԼȴƫƫó


214 ·
֮䣬ʾ֭Ҳ벻һȫİ취
ƫƫʱѩֱϽҪȻˡ
ҲǴ𣺡磬ˣǿʼжˡ
ȺѾʼжˣȻŵģң󲿷ֵȺǳԼģֻȺŸոտʼжֱȽԶҪ̾תͷȥȻü
ǣתͷȥ
ͳǬϣƬ̣ϵĺˮͽǬʪͷϵĺˮ۾Ҳ˲ȥĨһѣֻţô죿
̻ȥǼѰջ񡱣
ѩӵȣ̲סͷһˡеˡ
ûʲôʲôΨһġԼǡ
ֻǲ䣬Ĳ˼ѾڿʼϻѣȼĻѲΧǽϣ΢ڵҹĻ£ҫ۵Ĺ
л⣬ҰͻЩ£л⣬Ⱥͻ˼ɣҲΪл⣬ںڰ֮ȺϮʱĲ˼ѩŻ᲻ڳΪϹ
ǣΪл⣬û֮µ˻۾ܿԶҲ˵Ĳ˼ڱӦǿԼߵġ
ֻģϾŻŸոҲĲ˼ǻܿüԼߣԣٵƬ̣Ĳ˼ǵ㹻Ļ˵
˻⣬ɽͷϵǹȻһ󳤺ԭ׼ȺʱͣԶԶķڵϣƺڵȴǵĺ
Ĳ˼ǱߣǺʱֹס˶ĺУȫæſʼѣƬ̣Χǽʢ
һ̣ںԥǬתĶһ˲ϡﻩĵ˳Ȫˮװסװţɡӡӡӡ߰˰ˣҲһգ۱ѻ˰һѡ
һӵôֻ߶һ֣ǹǹڶһȴûǰԼǰǹ
һٴνǬضٴεһЩӰʲôУΨûҪǰǹӵ
֮£ֻٴνǬתĶȫ˳ֱʱϲط֣ԼҪǰǹˡ
ңֻһѣİѣһ㣬УɢװӵȴһҲûС
˲ֱ࣬ӽİǹзŵһߣǬװЩͬǽܾģӡ
˵ҵǹ֧ҩѾǺܴġջˣЩھװϣʱԻ˻ɵġ
ֻнǣʱһֱĲ˼磬һߴУһʮֿٵĽӽ˹
ڻΪǿҵĻ⣬Ĳ˼һʱ֮仹ǰǲһ˸ߵװǵǰ͵ĳ׵¶ڶ
һΣԹĲ˼˵粻ؼʱܳɸʲô
ƫƫĲ˼һܣԭھʱĻëǣҲǶȻһ˽ĺһʱ䣬ȺӦͣǺ֮ɽȡ
ʲôҲ˲ãסǬװǼ֮䣬һܹװĽȥ١
һѶûװ֮һĲ˼Ѿ쵽ߣȺҲҪǰ
죬һ߰Ŷһ߰պ޲ѣĲ˼磬ŮˣһӰʲôˡ
ƫƫһ̣Ǭһȣڵϡ
ֻһ˲䣬漣ˣµĶһȫˣ׼ȷ˵ӦǱǬһȫ˽ȥ
סգۼ䣬Ĳ˼Ѿߣ˲̾ΧȺ۾ʵô£Ҹոտкܶණģôһֲˣ
ȻΪʲôۿһĻﻹеСģƫƫĲ˼һʣʱҪȳһڶ
Ҳ˺öĶȺ㡭һĨϵĺˮ˳ֽǬջأˣһÿɶ˵Ĳ˼˵ɡĲ˼˵ǡǣ
㡭Ĳ˼ﻹףŭġ㡱һҪѵ䣬ֻһۿһߵǹ֧лУĲ˼ʱֹסŭʧ˳
ҵˣҵˣ
һУѾǿʼ
Ĳ˼˳һǹһǹ˨Ƶţ漴۶硱һӽͷӦ
Ĳ˼ӵǲĴȷɹȥģĿӶ
ֻôһΪԼеˣ̱ڵˣһĲ˼磬ҡ
Ĳ˼ĺȵϻû㣬Ͻʰˡ˵ţǡ硱һǹһͷǣһԡ
һǹŵͷǣȺ΢΢һңƶʱЩͣ٣˴˻ᣬĲ˼Уⱳֻǹ
ڷĲ˼粻ҪɱԼʱ΢΢һĽ֧ǹϣȻʣĵһԶڻ
һգ۵ĹĲ˼ٴηŵһͷǣһͷһǰȺȺǵĹһ˿ͣ٣˴˻ᣬĲ˼ڻӪĶӡ
ֻǻûӳȥԶëٴκУͷͬţӴСǣԽڶֱֱĲ˼ˡ
ëɳˡӡƣǱǾ߹ǺΪмͷηǣƴ˵ĵҩֱǸ˵ĵҩĸɾȺһӵϣĽǸ˳Եġ
Ĳ˼ǻëǺ޵ģƫƫʱֹ˼ӡͷǣս顱Ƿḻһͷǰ˳һΣ̾ͷڵϣļͷҲͬˣ˷ֻҪĲ˼׼һͷһǹ⼸ͷûǰͻֻ΢ǰһΣڵŻǰһĲ˼Ȼһοǹ⼸ͷûУ뵹ԽԽ
ʹĲ˼֪⻹мУҲвٵӵĲ˼ȴҲҽǹ䣬Ȼǿ󣬵һУҲֻһ˲ͻᱻա
ңΪǿĺһͻĲ˼ܹɱһͷǣ˵ΪûӵԼӸȺ
Ǳþ߹ǺֱߵǹΪӵ³
ٿǹĲ˼ҲֻǴһͷǣͷǣѾ˸ǰ
ʱĲ˼Ӫٻжʮף̶̵Ķʮ׵ľ룬һ̣·ңԶǵߡ
ǰ棬ײײģ߲죬Ĳ˼ںҲֱӵͷܣͷܣڴ׳ȺȺ޼ɵķҲ˵ǵͷܵĻҲܲȣ
ԣĲ˼ѡսˣܵȺǣܹ˻صǸȼŻѵȦ
ֻǻëƺĲ˼ͼһ󺿽֮󣬡ӡͷǲӽ˹ƣ⼸ͷǺȺҲһ֣б˹ͼ½סĲ˼˵·


215 ҧ
ܹǰáӡ͹ʹĲ˼Ͼˣ½ס˵·һУܲ˵ëǼΪƻս鼫Ϊḻ
ۻëνƻսηḻҪԵġʼ̱߹֪ٱࡣ
һ㣬ëǺһʵǸĻȦˣңһǲ֣
һǹը죬ѩ;ϲѡȻҵ˵ҩΪѩϲѵǣĲ˼ȥӦûǹȥҲ˵ҵģֻӵһǹңǹը죬ѩ֪ҵĵҩ٣
ԭŲѵˣͷ󶨣ǹӵǸɵ˻˸ɵǣ⻹òŵ
ԣѩһ˳ӦĲ˼˵׼ӱҲҪȥѩӣӦֹֹˣû׼ͻԼȥ˵ӪﻹһտҲѱˡ
Ĳ˼ȺǲҵļսջǺԾӪѸüӹ̵ĵطӹ̣üӻѵĵطһѣҲΪ˱ҵӦеĹס
ֻĲ˼ڻϵĺ֮ʣͻȻȺʱ󾪣ȺζŲԼ·ᱻ½أң̾ͻȺ֮УʱͻܵУ¾ǹдӵҲֻǸ³
οԼսһǹӵѾʣ޼ˡ
æ֮УĲ˼һҧӵӡͷǱƵ÷ڵϲҶһתɱǰ
ǻȦӣҲʮף㽫ţҲò˼ӣ߾ֻܽӽǸȦӣԼҲͲȺܵС
ڼĲ˼ŤͷЩǣʱ˷һ֮䣬ѾĲ˼米
ʱĲ˼һקסþȫĽ˳ȥӽӽǸѵȦӣΪĲ˼ףԼŤͷһܣͽڴսᣬȴԽԼһףӽӽӪأʱ򣬼ʹˤڵϣѩˣҲԻȥ
Ĳ˼ԥĵϥһŤͷһǹ
ԭվŲŤͷ˵ѾԼǣͻһҧԼĺֻҧԼϣĲ˼Ҳ룬ԣĲ˼ͻȻ䵥ϥ¹򣬽ӷŵܵ͵ĳ̶ȣŤͷǹ
⼸Ĳ˼ͬˮһǳɣѾ׼צӴĲ˼ϵһͷǣովײǹϣĲ˼һǹӺ˸Դӵǿĳͷһ˻ȥ
һ̣Ĳ˼ҲŵһȳζһһͷǣѪ죬Ĳ˼統ͷҧ¡
Ĳ˼ڵϣȻǹǹȻӵʱҲѾˣ㻹ܴһͷǣԼȴҲᱻһͷҧҲֻǸͬھ
һ˲䣬Ĳ˼תͷȥǲѾȽǸȦӣֻһһѪ죬ҲݲĲ˼˿Ķ룬Ĳ˼ҲֻܱĿ
Ĳ˼˵ҲһֺܺõĽѣ
ֻڶȻ֮䣬Ĳ˼Ķﴫ
һǺһ˵ĺУ
ߵͷǣѩһȥ˰ԴֻǺһ͵
ұߵһ˺ȴ
һܻˣ
ʱұߵͷǣڵϴ˸ͷǱĽһ鴤Ȼ󲻶ˡ
ʱĲ˼һףո䵽ȦϣȻˤʹʹ飬һҧĵȦһӣֽ֦ǹҲһ˽ȥȻֿȭľͷ
ϵĲ˼ʱĲ˼ѾǧһҺĲ˼ߣѩѾϵһӳԲص֮ľͽĲ˼ͷǡ
ߣΪǳֿȭ鼱֮£һ˫ֱ֣ͷǣͷҪõײرסȻſ죬Ҳûʲôطֱһھҧȥ
ͷǱҧһڣȻϢҲû̾ɵڵ֫鴤ѣ˲Ҳˡ
ҧͷǣ
Ĳ˼ֵĿһëһ̧ǹڣ硱һӵһͷǴһҺض
ˣĲ˼ѩˣһǹһõٴλȦӿ
Ĳ˼硢ѩȦӣëŷ֣ԭļƻȫ˸ա
һŭ֮еȺʱֹͣ˽һ˵ԶԶġ
ȻǱ㶼ĻˣӲ͵
Ⱥȫڰ֮УĲ˼΢΢̾һ
漴һתͷŪһ֦ǹĲ˼ϽֹǹɲǹѹӵԲעһ߻ͻ˵ǹ
ѩһЩǹ֧ҩ֦ǹУֻ֦ã֧õǹѾϻ߶ѾĥƽˣǹҪõĻҲֻ˷ӵѣû취׼
еãҲֻмӵѩЩӵȡ˳ǿܹװĸС
Ѿܲˣǰ˵ܹҵһӵǾǺܺõˡ
ֻѩǺʲͣëôôã˵ӵҵӵ
Ƭ̣ﳶһӲëŴǲö˵ģǲֻһǹǴҲôֻҴȥ֮˭Ҵǹ֧ҩ
뵽ģѩȤ׷ʵ
¶˸Ȼı顱ȻëиòͷǶǲģοҧһë
Ĳ˼翿ڱϣ۾ãʵ˵ʵǰҿ˺ܶණͻȻԼֲˣǵô£
ණתǺʵЩʲôôͻȻ䲻ˣ
Ĵݷһë֡ޡŶĲ˼˵ȥʱǲżǲǺܿ죿
Ĳ˼ϰҲûУҲ֨Ȼ֪ʱԼȷżҲܿ죬ҪżԼͲȥ
һżʱͻ٣٣ͻѪҺѪҺ죬ͻôȱȱˣῴʲôԼֻй֪ë˵Ҳöࡣ
ԭǷ˻þӸѩ˶һ
Ĳ˼ȥӦʱ򣬵ȷȥúǼȣļжȣ´ȱ·˻þǲϡ棬ˣǺνǧ׵ĸԭشȱ顣
ڴȱ֮󣬻ῴʲô˵öԣԼֻй֪
Ĳ˼绺ı۾ȲϣҲû취ϣΪڼôһ˵Ĳ˼Ҳúôһ£ԼԼ˽⣬ȴ־Ǹǻþʵ̫ʵˣ
Ĳ˼ʲôҲ˵͵Ĳ˼ĬԼ˵ƿȪˮ򿪣ﵹһЩڣȻ˳
ѩеʹ˷ˮ̲סüͷ˵ٺȵɣǱȺţ֪Ҫֵʲôʱء
Ҫ˵һ䡰ˮ⣬Ӧûʲô¡֮Ļ죬ǰ⻰˻ȥ⻰Ҫ˵ڣֻ̾ͻ⵽ֹʣ̶п¶ɲԸû¶¶
Ĳ˼ĿãͻȻ۾ʵҷЩ֣


216 ǳ
سһΪĲ˼緢ʲôߣɵúǽŵһ䣺ʲô֣
ͷǣҧһڣĵͷ죬ô£Ĳ˼ʵ
ԭ£ʱһĴӦҧͷǵҪλɡ
˵Ĳ˼˵ҿһۣͷǣҧĲλǡǸĵطʲôҪҲ˵ͷǱҧһڣ̾֫鴤ô͡
ٺٵЦͷвǿҪ˵ģֻҧһڣ̾ˣʲôϡ棿
Ĳ˼⣬ӣҪٲ˵ʵᱻȥȥҧͷ˵
Һãѩһ˵˵ҧһߣӦϲŹƶðɡ
ҲЦ˵ԣǧǶգҪȻҧһڣǿɾͻúѿ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵жסԺ飬Ĳ˼ӡУеĶ޷Ҳͨ߶ơʲôģңԶңԶǴ˵е飬Ĳ˼Ͳš
Ĳ˼Ͳţѩɵѿڶ˵ɩӣҿۿģкܶ඾ԼΪҵĶߣΧҧûʲô¶Щߡ
˵ѩһ죬Ҳ˵ȥǴȥ򼶾ƣʲôʵ飬ǶһݵĲ˼˵ܹ˵¡
ҺãĲ˼ҲֻΪѩҪץ򼣬ǱͨһʲôģѩӣʲôطץģĲ˼絹Ҳûȥ롣
ۿģĲ˼粻ŵĿѩ
ѩ˵ͷ
ڨڨ˵¶ߣҲʲô£ǰãϲҲһ£˵и칦ܣʲô߶ҿ
ͷĲ˼ʵҲʲôڵû˵һ֮ɱǹڱϣĿ
ʱΪҶһŻ֮£ܹüľ룬ҲͶʮԶȺޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮УȻżмǺȴûһܿõǲںδ
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Ӵһ֮ȴæ
ȼ¯עȥһЩϣøֽװЩˮȻ¯
һ߹۲Χһʵӣֶˣ
ӡٺ١һЦ֪
ˮ󷹣ǾǶˣҪʲô֪ǸоЩˣǰһŻ£ȫ˳ֹ˺üСʱŹ֡
˵䣬ˮտһóŵȻͣĽƬ̣翪
һڿˮֻһ
ڹһȻ̧ͷ˵磬ǽҪͷɵҪϸһ
Ҫ˯ŹȥĲ˼磬ͻȻ۾ŭǴǲǣԭģ㣡
磬һγѷ磬ңΪͻģţζƣһȺǣ϶ѭζġ
ӺٺٵЦ˼˵˫ţԴҶԣҾţɴ࣬ǾǳʹʹĶԾ
ѩʧ˵ӣǵа
ѩĻû˵꣬ɽﴫһ͵͵ǺӦȺŵȻЩסˡ
һǺĲ˼硰ˢվǹҲǰëǳֹķ
һֻǿֵһǹϣֱǹѰĿ꣬о;̫ԶҲû취ʲô
Ĳ˼翴ֵǹ΢΢һüͷԼûⷽȥأȻֱ뵽ˡ
ڻ֮£ǿֵü˿ľ룬ҲֻʮңʤǰֻܿʮԶľ룬ҪȺֱĻʮ׵ľ룬Ҫʱ䣬ǿԺԲƵġ
ܹʮ׿⣬Ⱥв壬ȻǴ˲ֹһ
ǰһ֦ǹŪĲ˼Ǻֹ˵ģǹĲ˼ȴ˿ûֹʶ෴Ĳ˼绹ߵߣһЩ򿪱ա׼Լλ֮Ļ֪ʶ
һǲӣվĲ˼磬һķ߷߲ƽһֵܰôĶԴ
ѩһѧǹϰֵ磬һЦЦǲǽ̹
һ̹̱죬ˣԼһСʱڻɲǵʽôá
ʱǰͲסˣĺһûƬֵ̣մͷǵټ
Ĳ˼һˡ
漴Լǹ۶硱һһͷӦ
ѩҲǿһǹֱӽһͷɱʮ׿⡣
˹ǣһǹȴûУ̾һٴλԾûܴС
ʧȥ׼ͷüͷǾѾƵʮ׿⣬ҺãѩĲ˼˵תǹڣһ˲ͽǰļͷǴõض
ǹ֮УӼգ̲סٺٵЦ磬УǹҲɰˣ˷ӵ
Ĳ˼ɱ˼ͷǣҲתͷ˵ٷſǹˣǺܶ࡭
Ȼûֱǹ˼ҲͬɴˣܽԼһЩӵ
ǣҲǺܰɥǹһĲصһ鲼صԼϡ«ư
ѩĲ˼֣ǰֹʮ֮⣬ֻǣżȻ֮䣬Ĳ˼һתͷʱһߣڱƽ棬ѾͷǶӽȦˡ
áĲ˼һתǹڣ硭һǹŵͷǣ˵Χǽϣѩ˱űȺǡ
ϰŲصҷΧǽϣĿԼǰĽӽĹļͷǡ
û취˴ǹִ׼صֲܼԶҲֻ۰Ͱ͵ȴȺӽ֮֮ƴ
ˣӣѩ֧ǹӵ㱻գѩ˻еǵж٣Ҳû֪
ѩǹŵһߣ˳׼ŵһǹɵúܵǣؼʱ̣һǹѩӵײ㿨סˣ
ƫƫѩҪжµУϵǰǰǹȻʱֻڼ֮䣬ȴҲжУѩҲûʱȥоΪʲôжУ׼ٴλǹ
ʱѩŷ֣ѾǹɻˣʣһѱõǹѾĲ˼ˡ
ѩһҧ±סײǹץ׼ԱߵĲص
ƫɣʱĲ˼ҲǹץһѲص֡
Ĳ˼ǹҲ˹ϣĲ˼緢ѩǹ˹ϣһʱ뵽ԼǹڳΨһܹɱǹû֮ǰܽӵ⣬ԣĲ˼Ҳǹ׼õĲصץ
ǹɽﳹʧݾҲһΪ˷ܵĺУǴߴеǣһӵȦĸˡ
һʱ䣬Ĳ˼硢ѩĸˣڰʮͷȺǵΧ֮С


217 
ӻһ˫Ĳصţүүһ
Ĳ˼Уұң΢һű໥Ӧ
Χ֮Уĸˣĸñûй˼ɣΨһܹȥķҲǿԾȺɱķ
ˣܼĲ˼ѩһ֣˵ʹȺҲ̫Σա
ϧǣһǻѪϾû취ܹȥ
ѩĬĬĺһԼܵĽˣ뵽Լչ˵ķΧ֮ڡ
Ĳ˼ҲǺһС˻ܵĲȫס
ĿűƽȺԿԼӴʵӣ²£
ӺߺߵЦ£شүǴүǶӺӣˣʮүһӡ
ã۸ǿʲôĴүǣС
Ĳ˼û˵ɣ󺰴УҲڲסĺ£治µˣò󺰴С
һ죬еǣ׳Ҿáø߰ġ߰Ķ־ǿġǿ־ġľ񡭡ǡǻˡ
ʵǰȺȦӶʮüء
ѩǰȺһգۼ嵽Χǽ治Զ˾ֻ֮Ҫһӣܳѩ档
ֻǣҰﺦ»ϰԣվߵЩԥǰļͷԥǰǱͣ
Ĳ˼ߵȺҲֻΧǽ֮⣬ͣפ㲻ǰ
ӸȺǵΧǽǰͣ
ƣΪĲ˼ѩˣһֱ̫˵ңǰϵ˲أûʲôϢϵǻԲ׼Բ
Ӹд£Ⱥ֪һǺ£ԣ˵ӣһֱƵΧǽǰΪвͣ
ɨһȺкüͷǣ߶ʱһȳһյģͻȻȻƵ˵ֲȺǺηǡǱ˴
Ű۽е
ѩ˵ֶΪǿҵıֻΪܵͨļʹ˵ҲһΧӦǰˣǹֵļŭˣԣټˣЩǣͻ᲻Ҫı
Ĳ˼ĺһΪǹȺҪҲһʱ͸˹ߣǳ
Ĳ˼û˵ȥ˼Ȼ˵ȺҪΪл⣬ȺһʱҲҶֻȺǱҪ࣬ټǰŪһţζʳƣһȺǲһе˹
Ĳ˼˵⻰ҲûʲôҪӵ˼Ĳ˼ıҲֻҪӣԺñٸʲôǳǲǳǽң
ȺڻȦΧһȦȴڽƺ˺»֮⣬ڵȴȴͻȻһ˵ܲһͷǽ
һͷǽʧ˳϶Ҫһͷʲô˼
еȺʱĲ˼ѩԵɳһ½񾭣һʵʲô뷨
ЦЦˣжǰһھҧһͷǣ룬ܷһͷǽҡҡٺ٣΢Ūζӳȥ᲻ᡭ
ԭ붾ǣӵԴתô˵һǣôȥܳȥһͷһͷǵȥҧ
Ĳ˼ѩ˶üͷһ˵ⷽĿԡ
Ⱥ֮Բ˽Ȼһԭ򣬵ҪԭȼյǻܣԲòЩ˼ɡ
ǣѣԴȺ΢һ㣬ԿԺĵеĻվӣȺҲ˼ƾĻ΢΢һ㣬ͼпܻ
Ҳ˵ƾЩѣ˸ֲס೤ʱ䡣
жҲܹһھҪһͷǣ˵ҲܹһȺǣǰҪһģܹǳԵĶ
ţɵȷܹÿţҧһڣߣҧϹһڵһţȻûʲôա
֮£ҲŪһͷǽңǻŵģŵǣѪҺ죬ò˶ãؾܹ鲼ȫ
ǰǣҪץһͷǣҪôͳȥ׽Ҫôֻܹս
ȥסһͷǣȺǻţ֮£
Ҫ˵ܴ֮ܲ£˲ء
ڡǧУȡ׼ͬ̽ȡĲ˼ѩȻṦ򣬵ǰ㱾£ǲõ
Ȩ֮£ֻͬ˵ģңöࡣ
Ĳ˼簵ҧҧ¶ģͰ˵ȥ㲻ܶͷǣ룬ԼٳԴУңܹҳɹĻ㲻ȫҲѹ
ȷֵȥһѣӮˣӴ˸ǣˣҲֻһ
Ĳ˼ջͷȥѩ룬ѩתͷĬĬؿĲ˼磬ҲŲһѵ˼
񽻻һ΢΢ĵһͷö˵ˣ˾ͬ顣
£Ĳ˼ԸӡȺʱûЩȥһӾС
һĲ˼Ļ׹ҪԼ˼ңһЩѣĵطȺ޻ɳˣһӣԷʵʩԼļƻ
ֻһûôרĵȥĲ˼ǵ뷨Ĳ˼ҪȥЩϣһظ˵£Ҫ빥˺ǣǱô̤ȥ
ʱһҪѪĳ嶯ӣǶ˵˺һˣҪҡôһﵽھȻֻ֪ҪүǶһѣӢһء
Ӽȥ˼ѣȼΧǽϲȥҲӢۡĸЩȥȼϡ
Ĳ˼ԵǸʱʢƵȺһ˺üֻЩȺ˿֮󣬱ֻȴԲ뿪вٵǣȻʼʳ˱Ĳ˼硢ѩɱ˵ǡ
һʱ֮䣬ʬͷǺ˺ҧѪѪܵΣĲ˼硢ѩĸ˶ëȻֵܹʤɣЩʬ³Լ⼸˵³
ӦпʳԼͬϰ֮⣬ҲһֹõġԷһս
٣龰Ĳ˼硢ѩ˿һɫɷףɪɪ
˴ùĵ˼⡰ҡһܺõİ취Ūãˡ
Ĳ˼Щգ㣬ֲ˵Ļ㣬ģ㲻Ǹˣѩߣȥ
ҪֱҡģǿһɫĲ˼վҲԥһ£ǻ᲻˳Լ˼Լͽңһֻһͷ⻹治˵ʲôԼ˼ֻһͷǣͷǻʮֹ˳ȥҧһڣ
Ϊ˱޸֮ļһܹ԰ȫĲ˼ʱԼѩȥԼѩֺã֣ʹܻ׽һͷǻҲܹȫˡ
ֻҪȦԼѩס·õĻƻа˳ɵĻܹɹ
ҪŵǲһǵҪһͷ˵ǻֻҪ֮󣬱ͷֻҪһûܹҧһڣѶע뵽ǵڣѾ㹻ˣ


218 ״
Ĳ˼ѩ΢˵׼Ҫ׼ȦӣǰȥץǣץץԴеλ㣬ȴһ˵ɣǰǰ粻ҧһͷģ˵ЩǣѾʼأ
Ĳ˼ѩ˶һۣĿ˺һȴû˵ȺǶľ󣬷ǻŵǶ࣬٣˺ͬʬ龰Եøӷ񡢲
ЩǵӣӦһȺǷչ̫ѸͣȺʳѷ΢ЩʬȺ㷢˼ҵ
Ĳ˼ҧôӵͲˣֻŵҪĹͷʹã֮⣬Ҳûбİ취ܹˣǰҧͷǣûãҲܲˣ
ӻȦĿһӣĲ˼Ȧ档
ߣһӣҲûңȺľҲҪöࡣ
Ȧ˳ԭʬȺʱºŵʬˢˢתԴĲ˼硣
ֻĲ˼Ƭ̣ʮͷǱ㷢һͺһ볯Ĳ˼˹
Ĳ˼Ĳص裬ֻһͽ˵ǰһͷǵԴ룬һֻųԼ˵һͷǵ˹ȥһߵʮѸͣͷǶܲĲ˼һ˸
ȻĲ˼һ־һͷǣ߷һͷ˹Ⱥʵֻ̫࣬һգ֮䣬һͷǾͶĲ˼СҧһڣãһֻҧĲ˼Ŀӡ
һ˲Ĳ˼һȥһͷǵİһˡ
ҧסĲ˼ĿӵͷҲǱֱǰˣֻͷǰ˳һˣԴһײĲ˼ϡ
ȻûܰĲ˼ײ˳ʲôĲ˼Ҳײһ󣬲֮£Ĳ˼ֻٴκһ
ʱֻǲһգ۵ĹĲ˼ʱѾʧȥȻѪ죬һĲ˼ĺظСȡܹĲ˼صĲλҧ
֮䣬Ĳ˼ŷԼ벻ٴˣǿոĲصٴκ֮ĲصһͷǵĶˢˢĽͷǵĶƤ
ͷǷһ춯صĲҺŤͷܣͷһܣǡײһͷĲ˼ϣͷײڵϴ˸ǿվ
һԭЩæҵĲ˼磬̳غһջزصסԼǰ
ʱѩŹĲ˼粢վһ
ʵѩǸĲ˼ͳ˵ģֻĲ˼һΧɵȦӣҪҡֱӭȺͳ˳ȥ
ѩȴһȦӣûֱӾȥȺô򣬶ǰ˼ȥȺֻһգ֮䣬Ĳ˼粢ûռȶļƻȥִУѩ΢΢ֻһ֮䣬Ĳ˼Щǿڡ
ѩȻҲǼ̾ȥĲ˼磬ֻһɲ֮䣬ѩԼҲǲˡ
ѩ˫ֻŲصսˣĿĲ˼磬ѩϵĲ˼ʱҺãĲ˼ʱѾǿסš
һϣѲصʱһһһأһʱ䣬ѵͷǣͷǰɱһĳ߿խķش
˻Ųصǳһ̵Ĵ⬣Ⱥҽӽнӽˣһʱ˲ˣҲĸеЩ
ΧԽԽ࣡
ʹĲ˼ѩֻܲͣĻŲصȥվΪߣɥǡ
ˡѩһʾĲ˼磬ʱ򣬿Ѿʧȥ˻׽һͷǵʱ׽ƻѾʧˣϵ˹˵ȥ׽һͷǣȥֻ¹˶ãܻܲŻȥ¶˵
Ȼ׽ѾǾֻˣܹҲ˵ռͷ׷ȦŻûݽߣȦ취
ϧǣʱĲ˼Ȼһ̬ȣ͹ʹ򣬸ûһ⡣
ѩ⣬Լδ׼ɩӣôˣ
ѵûԼĽк
æ֮Уѩٴδһɩӣˡ
Ĳ˼ȻͷҲأϺȣߣҶϺ󡭡
ɩӡѩ۾һӺˣԼߣǲܵ飬Ҫ˵Ĳ˼ԼδɩӣκˣҲͬˡ
ѩߣĲ˼ӵһͷǵĺȻһصԼĲϣŭٲߣҾ
ͻȻ֮⣬ѩ֮£ϵĲصһӣžһĲ˼ڲϵĵ˵ɩӣ㡭
û˵꣬һͷǳ룬ֱӾҧĲ˼硣
ѩĲ˼ĵ˳һ̽ͷǵľһ°ͷ󣬿粽ǰĲ˼ǰ
һ̣Ĳ˼ͻȻ̾һĲصűǹѩұߵһͷ˳ȥصƫУͷǵӣֱû
Ĳ˼һߡ
ѩĲ˼ڿ˻ȥһϲɱһͷǣһͷԼǱܿȻһĺˡ
˵ȦϵʱˣŲصµĿӱһ߻Ĳصһ˻ߵĴȣβȺ
Ĳ˼ѩȺ˽Χǽ棬˸ϽԤԤõĻѲΧǽסӡ
βȺΧǽ˷ֽǾܵĻ⣬Ⱥһ󣬱΢һЩתͷȥ˺ҧղűĲ˼ѩɱʬ
һΧǽ棬Ĳ˼Щȥ
ѩֱЩֵĿĲ˼磬Ҳ˵һ仰
ղţĲ˼ҪĨԾ¼ȫռѩͷѩΧǽȺҲ˲ˡ
ֻǸոĲ˼ҪԾһĻҲǿģ⣬Ҳһ
ԣĲ˼米ΧǽҲӡѩһʱҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôá
ã˹˹ʵ˼磬ղšղţǺΣաһô°
ʲô£˰ΣĲ˼Ļһ䡣
šǺһ£ŰĹƬ̣˵˼磬˵һЩŮӵ£šʵʧֻһ̫ߵĿ
Ļû˵꣬Ĳ˼ȵҵٹܣСһ֪ʲô
ʧѩĿĲ˼磬ȻĲ˼ԼδɩӣƸʲôĶ͹˵ģҲû˵ĲԼĲ˼籾ʲôԣԼδɩӣʧʲô
ѵδɩӣˣ
Ĳ˼˱ˣҲòȥĨԾոһĻǰˡ
ѩƵĿԼĲ˼һ죬漴һ㺮˪˵С㣬ԺҪɩӡɩӵĽˣҸܡ
ʲôѩٴʧ˳Ĳ˼ô˵˵ѾˣԼҪɩӣҲĲҸǼѾܽΪ׼ˡ
״ѩ˵ȰסүȥѰǸʲô黹Ҫö࣡Ҫѩ𺳵öࡣ
һԵˣҲĳһ
ѹĲ˼һõó棬Ϲš˵óһתۣȴȭͷĶԸԭĲ˼һʱ֮йŹֵΪǸϳ⡣


219 
һʱ䣬ӡѩ˶ľֲĲ˼ʲôҪ
ʧɱĵزĲ˼Ķ˵ʲôĵز
ʲôʲôÿģĲ˼˵ڴҶЩΧţϽ취ҲҲˣ
ѩ˴Сĵ˵ɩӡǲҸ
˵ˣԼ飬κ˵飬ԺҲҡɩӡˡĲ˼˵һ䣬󣬽ԴŤһߡ
˺һֱֵ̧ʱˣ
һԼҪָʲô
죬üŪ۵ģŮʧʱҪһȥοοΣȻҪˣ
΢΢һԼΪĲ˼ǵ˺ԼܣԼһһ˿롱ҲͶˣǵ֮Ҳ͹ˣҲûʲôѵİοҲԽǰοǵҲԽߣߵ˭Ҳû취ùȥ
һãȻӶʱЩżֱӳʹĶ㣬˵ϵãֻҲӦȥοһ°
ʵﲻԼȥ˵˵
ЦЦһ۲֪ѩתͷ
Ŷҳ룬ͺøӵ˼ʱЩŭ
һȻԼĺѩ򶴵취ҪԼ룬Ĳ˼׽
ĲҡǼң˳Ƹ˹׼Ұж𰡣
ΪƤЦģҾ򹰣ͲûһҪֵһˡ
ƫĲ˼ѩˣȻһ˵ôһ仰
ѩԼҪܹܲ뵽İ취ܹİȺǣϾǼҲãĲҲãĲ˼ڵ˵ⶼǳһ£֮£үҪҵĶʱͱôҪöˣѩþϻȥ֪ˣʡõʱɲصľ档
Ĳ˼Ǳȥʵ뷨Ҳûֻ֪ôһȥһЩ£׸ȥǱ߰
ҺãĲ˼ѩͬʱһ֮ҲͬΣһʱ֮䣬˵
һһԴһҿʲôĽడ
룬Ĳ˼ѩ˵һ˵˵գʲô£
ӶʼδǣŮӣȻ䲻һһ
̾һ˵ʲô£һģ
Ĳ˼硰šһ˵ˣ˯һҿһ
˵ţĲ˼罫Դϡ
һΣϲŶˣ
ֻӻû꣬ѩȴ˵ллллܹչɩӣҡҿϲҡ
㡭һ𣬸Ͻ˵С㣬㲻Ҫᣬҡ
ѩҡҡͷ˵ɩӸǼҵ飬֪ģڣչɩӣҸл㣬ҪҪϲһŮӵĻ͡ϲҰɡ
һԣ̾ͱԴѩΪĲ˼磬ΪԼδɩӣȻԼˣңǰԼ
һ̣Ӻ޲ֱȺȺȥսһֱߣȻӢ
̵ģԭ⡮ʧľֱȥӲͰ仰˳
˵ݶˣγ֪ѩĶǣѩȴǲܣҲܽܡ
ʲôʩ᣿ʲôҪ
Ⱥô˵ҲͲսսѣø飬壬ʩᣬ˱ˣǰͲã˵ȴһһݲм
ԣʲôҪ˭˭˭զզģ
ѩ΢΢̾һ
Ĳ˼ۣ̾һ
ӳġʹ̾һ
һ̾Ϣ֮ССʯͷΧǽһƬ˸Լ£Χǽ棬Թʬֶ֮ŻȦļ˴Ⱥȥǡ
ֱΧǽϵһЩѣ𽥰ȺĺԽԽУȻѹ
ʼʱǲΧǽϵĻѣѾƿͽߣȼյ˾ͷϿ컻ϵĻȺҲ룡
ƫƫĲ˼翿Լļϣǳ˯ˣ뾪Ĳ˼磬Ļ¶˯ŹȥĲ˼⼸Ҳˡ
ֱӾܾ˵ѩҲһĲ˼ŴߵĻ𽥰ѩҲ֣Ҳ֪Щʲô
͵͵Ľһӣѡ
ӺǴ˯бѹһ̧ͷ˿ЩҪϨĻѣȻһ̾һԤõĻѣȼ²Χǽϡ
һԭ˵ĻȦӣٴηҫ۵Ļ⣬ЩȺҲƵòסĺˡ
ӸеЩǣ֪䣬ΧԼ⼸˵Ⱥ˺ܶͷǣܿģȻкüʮϰͷǣȻûǰ飬ȫͷĸоˡ
ô
һ˼ʱЩţתͷѩ˵ãǻëǣ϶ǣ
ʲôʵ
㻹ǵи°ɡӼ˵ү˵ģ˵иһЩʣµĹͷؼңͷǣʼöͷİ취ֹͷǣǹͷˣ׷򲻷š
˵ЩȺ취䲻ǣüͷʵ
ӦþɣöǶأ˵ǣ϶취͵ǡ
ӳ£Ĳ˼ѩ˶ѹ˵취͵Ϯһվ
ܹ䵽Ⱥסζţȷ˺ܶ࣬ڵϵûģҲʵڲ١
öǣȻڵϣضŻȦļˣҫ֮£Щŵǣ¶ëȻ⡣
Ĳ˼üͷ˵ȺǺǽƻֻȺζأߣȴϢҪǱ
ѩϸϸĿһǵ˵ǸǱǵĻҲֲ˶೤ʱ䣬ڸôأ
Ĳ˼̾һ̫ɣˣҲͻþȣ
˵ֻҪˣǵԮͻϵһĿĲ˼硣
ֻǣĲ˼ӣһۣȻ˵ȺϰԣҹȺӶϲúڰڻԼжẦ»⣬ȵʱȺͻͷǾܹ룬ӻطųӵĵطȥ
˵˰죬ҪӣһΪ㰲һ֧ΪǵĺԮءʧ֮
ʵγҲǲ֪Ǳѩţ˽ģԼҲǸͳ˵ģĲ˼׷˸ϹģҪ˵Ԯûʱ䰲ʲôԮ


220 ȥ
ûԮȼϾ˼β䣬Ҳʣ޼ǹǻİѣõģҲֻѣʣӵС
Һѩ֮̾취֧ײ뱻סǹϵĵȡҪȻҲֻʣĲ˼ʣʮӵ
ܹ֧żȺ֧ȥԴҲֻôˣܲܳŵȻ뿪ѾǺ롣
Ĳ˼ȡµУӵȡӵ˵ַ࣬ŻȥһһŽ´
Щ棬ʱ򣬶һӵһ·Ĳ˼Ҫһӵ
Ĳ˼˵һӵţֻǲ̫ʹ࣡
һ϶ʱ亹ðһӵԭԼģ
ôСָʲôһ̣ǲ㿪ǹġ
ð亹漴Ҳ뵽ҪԼۿԼͷ˺ҧǾԲ类һǹʹ졣
ֻҲ벻ԼģԼŵֶûҪвʡ
ǲԣĲ˼ô˵֮̾Ͱת÷ɿ죬ܲ취Լ
ֻȥֻ뵽ԼмΪҵĶأǳȥĻܹЩǡ
Щǳȥ־Ǹ⣬ǰĲ˼ѩԹˣҪץһͷŵǣǲô򵥡
뵽ЩסٴλعͷȥԼǰҧͷķ򿴹ȥ
ǰͷԼҧͷǵķϣ߶ŵǺ٣ǣһǷڵϣӣҪôڼյУҪôϢҲȻԿ϶ǣǱ߷ĵϣǹǱҪ˲٣˵Ĳ˼һ·ɱŻ֮⣬ӦҲбǡ
ǱԼҧֶ֮ǣǺʵģߵǹǱطһܹ֤ʵΪЩ׹ǣȷĲ˼һɱǣ֮űͬʳġ
Լܶǣһӹɣڵǣûܹ뵽һð취ܹʲôնЩǸɸɾĶ
նն
Ӷǡն֣ȥն
ԴʼתӺۣͻȻһɬЦ˵磬ҧһڡ
ӣҧڣˣʲôҡ
ҡҡͷ磬ң治ˡ
ŭ㲻ˣֱһͷײԼȺȥֱӾͳˣҪҧ㣿
ӿɥǴſ磬ʧˣ治ˣؼʱҧһڣȥȺΪǾһɡ
ոȥɱңƼңԸȥǵģԽæʱԽңнԵĲɰͱ
Ĳ˼ʧˣҪȥ˼˳ģһŮѶûУʧʲôҪҪġ
ҡӱһŭ𣬸ſڽ࣬Ҳ˵
ǻЩţɣѩ˵
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Ĳ˼Ⱥ˵ѩߣٳȥһΡ
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ãһԵǹȻ뵽һ취ԼǹеôԣûаգԼҲ֪
㵽ҪôĲ˼ʵ
ڣԽԽʣµĻѾˣҲ΢˵ʱѾԽԽ١
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ӵϵĶأĲ˼ѩһ
˼˵ӵ;޷ֻһ֣õڵͷϻһЩ̺ۣͨӵﵽķЧ
νķֽСεȵȣʵָһֵҩ䵯ͷǹ֮ЧİݸеĿ꣬Ŀͨǹ޷ﵽļǳɱ͡Ĵˣ˻еĿʹࡣ
ֻǴķ죬ѣѵβܴϵĶأ
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Ĳ˼ѩȡȫӵֱӶָӿɥ˵취ͦһΪΪľֻһ·ˡ
ӣЦЦҪֻһ·ߣ㻹Ҫǰ
һظҿǴүǶҪֻһ·ߵĻҲһڶ󣬾ü
ҿⲻȥ汳
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Ĳ˼СЩţӶʱһƬհףҲ֪Ĳ˼ΪʲôҪԼҪԼʱ̡
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Ĳ˼ЩգѪҲˣһ˦֣˵бԸһ£
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Ĳ˼һ̻õӵͷŵСϸĽ˺һóڱһ£ֻѪҺմڵͷϣĲ˼üٴνͷŵõͷմѪȻóƽڵϡ
ʱȻΧĻѾЩˣǻܹоһЩ¶ȣѪҺմڵͷϣûöãͿʼ̣Ǹɺ档
취ܹõͷմϴѪҺĲ˼統ºԥеӵһ顣


221 ӵҸ
硭ǹȻը죬ŴķЧӵХŴһͷǵĺȣͽͷǵĺֱӡըûͷǿţתȺ֮С
մĶصӵĹЧĲ˼΢΢üͷѪҺĶأǹ֮󣬶ûʲôЧϵһǰװˣ
ͷܴܲﵽ֮ͬеЧӡѩҲüͷ
Ĳ˼üͷ֮һο۶һΣĲ˼ĿѡһͷýϽͷͬСţӵǣͬͷǵβһǹ
ӵ˿̻֮ȶԲǺܺãԣĲ˼һǹеƫûĿƨɣǴԱһͷǵԴֱӾȥͷǵİͷǹǣͷûֱӾ͵ض
ܳһʱ䶼ûǹ˵ģͻȻԳȺǵ
ǹ죬ʱȺֱܶŤͷܣҲвٵڻֱ֮ӾͳŻȦ˹ģһĲ˼粻òǹΨڻ֮УȺͻƻȦӣ뵽Χǽ
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ʱýŤתʹ̵ҧŲصⲻŵͷƴֻһգۼ䣬һͷԼֱҧӡĴһ
ǵҧʮ־ˣҪԼֱ۱ҧһڣ̶ϳأӿɲԼôû֣ʱԼۣҧסصǳñֱֱܲˣղʹ
ʱѩŲصһһͷǣٶ׼һͷǵԴһͷǴһţҲѩĵҧסֻͷϵĶѩ
ѩһӲĽصһת˸ϡã˳ǰһֱֱͣĴ̽ͷǵĿǻͷжûһſѩĵŤͷӿ
һתۼ䣬ֱѾΣ֮ѩԥĲصǱǹ˳ȥ
ѩһȫһĲصֱֱ̽ҧӵֱ۵ͷǣҽͷֱӶڵϡ
ֻѩһֱۣԼҲû˳ֵߵǹǻмӵ⼸ӵ꣬ǹҲͳһջߣȺǰһջ֣
ƫƫʱ򣬻ѩȥǹһͷһѾֿȭѩͷ¡
Ĳ˼ߣڶ̶̵Ƭ֮䣬һͷǣһͷǵǰצӣͷȴ˰벽ѿĲ˼ĲصķΧȴĲ˼
Ĳ˼иͷǱǰˣֱֱвĲ˼磬Ĳ˼һӵӣͷֺһ㣬Ĳ˼粻צʾĲ˼粻׳
üվӵϣҲʵû취
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ҧӵĲصͷ̳סÿΧǽʱͷҲֲסɿ͡
ֻͷɿ֮ʣ͡ͷȻӵĲصһѪۣǳ˴һʵʵˤڵϡ
ˤһˤˤòԿǣһ˷صĵطʱһȱڣң漴мͷǰǰצӴΧǽͷϡ
ңʱĲ˼ѲѩǳֿȭĿˤȱͷǣҪǰȣҲˡ
ϵӣŤӣȴҲû취һ۲ͱѾˣӶ鲻ѣʧȥ֪ﻹ
䲻ǣѹţһɽѹסһѣ͸Ҫȥһˡ
ƫƫʱͷѾΧǽֱӾͶ
ѩΣ֮ʣȻܲķײͷڰ֮еǡ
ۡһ죬ͷǱѩһײõĲ˼ǱߣѩԼһҲ䵽ӸϣѸոҪٴѹȥһǴسһݿͷ
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ʱĲ˼Ҳ⽻ǰܵУΧǽͷǣԼţһ񣬱ѾצӴΧǽϣûüȥкͷƻǣѩֽͷײԼǰ
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ǱվǱѩ߷ɵͷǣȴڷɳΧǽ֮ʣҵһƬѣԭѾЩĻѣʱϨһһ׶һӡ
ΧǽϵĻ¶ôһӣ߱Ѿ͵Ⱥʱ


222 
ѩץӵ֣һӣһĲ˼ǰͷǵĺϣʹͷ͵ǰһܡ
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ǣոձѩ߷ɳȥͷǵǸѾͷ˽ʱողŴӵ
ѩվӵ󣬡硱һӵҽźϣӵҽߵֱֱһͷǵ˹ȥ
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ոĨһѣǿۣѩ¶⡢ļһ漴ָеǲ⡣
ͷ֮ǰѩļͷҧһڣճʹὫѩҧҲҧƤ⣬ʱѩͷӦѪ죬ƤŶԣǣģȴǽֻѩױ˺ƣļͷ¶˳ͬ֬һļϣһ㱻˺ҲҲ
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᲻ʹõķԣĲ˼üͷһҲһ˵


223 ʹ
һĲ˼⻰Щͷˣѩ˵زҲֻԼٸһӣŪЩѪĲ˼ȴǡʽԡǾпܽԼŪʵСһʵ֪һԼϸϼҪô
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ѩҧ߼ͷӵʱѩͷôҧģҧʲôĳ̶ȣӵȷǺȺֹͣ˽ѩļͷ¶ȴֻǣûУҲϸȥѩǰļͷ浽û˺ۣ治ȷ
˺һӲ˵磬㵽Ҫ˵ЩʲôôԽԽͿˡ
ٴҪѪĳ嶯治֪һǹװɵһĶûУǲܲˣһҪάеŮ
ӶԼķһȤҲûУɺ̾һȻûʲôȤǾҲ˵ȥˣ˵ȥҲֻǶţ٣˷ѱ顣
˵ӶĲ˼鵹ǷǳġȤ磬ҵǾλԣĲֵģ˵ˣΪʲôʧ
ҡҡͷĲ˼ʧ飬ĲȤУ¶ǧԼϳûСºа
ֻһƫƫģҪʸ
Ĳλѩĸ磬ѩģҲһȥǮƣҲӢλҲȥ˵ĲôͻʧأУĲѩĸ磬ѩĸԲĲ㰡
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תͷ˿ѩĲ˼ˣŵ˵ӣ˵Ǻܹ죬Ǹϵ£ô˵װɣһôˣȴһʹСûУһҧһڣ˿ڶûУͲ֣ҸҪģҲֻ¶𣿡
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԰ʶŮӿʼʲô£ӻûĲ˼һʹҲûѩܹˡ
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224 
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̾һӵֽͣ治˵ʲôʲô¶Īһƣ⵱ȻʡˣǾԼ˵Լ۾һ飬ȻǽͲͨġ
Լ۾죬ܿһЩĶȫȻ޹ص顣
˵ųĲ˼ѩ˶ΪŻĻ᲻ҲΪ죿
һ뵽족֣ʱ˷Ǳ죬Ĳ˼硢ѩˣΪʲôԭôģǵֻһʲôԼ᲻Ტ϶һ޶ġ
⣬ԺݣĵӿһҪһ̽ͷ
ʱӼΪԵĬԼ뷨⣬Ц˵Ҿ˵ôĹ飬ù죬ֻΪһ̤һԲŻʲô棬ʲô˶ܹ죬㾭ĶˣȻͻЩЩһ֣
Űķӣһ˫۾ȴŲסٵȺ
ʱ򣬻ȦζŵǣҲֻʣ¿Ͱ͵߰ͷң߰ͷǺҲ۵һ㣬ҡҡλεģζһҪ뵽ȥϢһ£ƺͻȻ͵Ϯټϲ֪ĻëʱطһٵĺʣµļͷֲңҪȴЩģǣʱ˻ߵĺһ漴Ҫ̬
ʼΣ˿ΣﻹЩ£ˣֲϵļ٣ںأҲͷһЩ
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Ĳ˼ɾǹŶɽͷͷҲص˵ҲûҪһֱһϣڶסʱ򣬾Ӧýǣ
ץץԴҲ˵һ仰Ĳ˼ǵȷû˵ҪԼһֱصҲû˵վڷڣֵడ
Ĳ˼ػǹڣӣѩȴЦЦ˵û£мͷ̽ͷ̽ԵǴˡ
Ҳ˺һ󣬹ãʵж٣
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˵Ǵ󲿷ֶˣӡ໡ĽһſΧǽ⿴ȥ
Χǽ֮һȦʯ֮䣬ڻڵϵǣ²ֹ߰ʮͷڶһģ͸ˣ
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ѩ˵ʼĲ˼ҲţǺ֪Ϊҹζ΢ԶһĵطҶòʮֽ쳣ŰһЩʯǿˡ
ƣͷëǵȺҲֻаͷǣʣµģһ֦Ϩ֮󣬾͵͵ǰǱĲ˼緢ˣҪֱɱëǵģͷëǼΪƻӵǾģԣĲ˼粢ûУֻͷëǣҲǹһţˡ
˵󲿷ֵǱԼɵˣʱϲǰΣϲ£ЩǱɵҲΪƬĮһǵǣëվˣΪһ޾ĺ󻼡
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Ĳ˼硢ѩ˸ʰװʣʱȴһСķ硣
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ֻĲҡǼ˵˽κϽȥԣѩô˵Ҳֻͷʰװ
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ִ֮ʱѩҲٽĲ˼硰ɩӡĲ˼ҲֻǺǿĳƺѩΪС㡱ΣۿҪˡ
Ȼ֪ѩ뷨ǶĲ˼ȴҪֵףĸк棬Ĳ˼һֱżȥңе㼱ȣʲôԭ
ѩĲ˼罩ֲ£һĿͶ
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ᵽǮЦЦԼ̫еģǮʮǲʲôԽԽԼĺˣԣԼҲڻǼȥ
Ȼģֻүӵ񣬻Ĳ˼硢ѩˣ˵Ĳ˼ѩ˵ĺ棬ԶԶүӵ
Ե·ң֪ȥȻүӵĹ֮УȥĲ˼硢ѩϵܣ£Ȼ˵
վԼߣĲ˼еСǣͶһĿ⡣
ֻһƫƫҪ̧ܣվѩһߣǮȻ˵ѩʮΪֹѾ˽ʮⲻҪҪǣ·̵ȷδ֪ϵװ˵ȷ׼֮ݡ
ӻرǿ˵ⲻҲΪ˴ҵİȫ롣


225 ѵԭ
ĸ˾Ȼֳɣѩڲ֮£ʹˡɱﵡԼȥĻĲ˼˲֪·ߡص㡣
û뵽Ĳ˼ָԼԴ˵еһУװԼԴģ⼸죬һоͼԼ׼ȷķԼһ··ԭ߹·Ҫʡ·أ
ѩ˵һβϵ񣬵ʱ򲻹ܲҵʲôԴ˵ûʲô壡
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ˵˿Եһѵ֮⣬һ˵Ҫԭ򣡡
Цʵʲôԭ򣿡
Ĳ˼ãջҡҡͷ˵ԭ򣬲˵ʵҲûʲôˣǣǼȥĻ˵ܹǼһ飬˵Լ˵ҲĪĺô
Ĳ˼ѻתƵǡĲ֮ȻҲ׷ȥеЩǣĲ˼⻰˼ʧǼҷԭĲ˼籾˵ĲҲǺйϵ
仰˵Ĳ˼ʧԭ²ǵģҲǺܼ򵥵ǣ
ô£
һᣬ벻Լ˸ѩ˽飬߽һԽǰߣԽĪ⡣
˭֪һһ߽Źţһ߲ô˵ϴӺɷ¹䣬ȲѵԭֻҪģûʲô˵ģӾӣʲôҲͲҪҴţ˵磬ٺ١ҪǶĪĺô飬Ǹϵɽ͹Ҳǣ
㡭ں˵˵ԿһӾصġӡ˵Ĳ˼磬κһŮӣŭĿӡ
˺ˣһԴԲ˼磬ȻǺ˵˵˵ҲЩǶĪĺôֻҪѻ˵СҲ᲻ܲˣҿ˼㵽׻ʲôô㲻˵ôһοοҲôиף𣿡
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ȻһоԼĲ²⣬ˣģ¶Ĳ˼磬ǶԼ˵һֲˡ
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Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ˵ⲢԵģҷ֢״ʱҲǰֻǸʱһֻżǷҲֻǺСľֲλֱűֵΪԣ
ϴĲҲеǮôûȥҸҽһ֮£ѿ˵˳
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ѩȴǹĿĲ˼磬ʵɩĲ㣬ô֪ģ
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Ȼǳһ٣ӻ̲סһ䣺ĲҡǼҡңԭǸʲôģ
Ĳ˼ѩ˶ⶼǱֱܶӸ˹ȥ
˵ʼΪ̫бΪΥǵĸԭԣԲʼҩβʼȻͲϷŹκˣԣĳһʱ֮ڣ˹ʧֱʼʲ֮ˣ˵һȻ󶨾
˼˵ǸˣӦһҽΪĲ壬ǼҡĲңҪѰҵĶӦҽ׹νүҪѰҵǸԭô£
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үҪҽȷû취áһΪҽֻһҵ롣
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ʵҪܡ֮⣬үûѩʲôүԼҲǲ֪ԼҪҵģܹˡϡҩܹڲ齵ҽĳҽйصĶ
˵Ĳ˵ģҶ˵ˣ㵽ҪҪңĲ˼ٴ
϶ҪˣֻҲүһһʱ֮Ҳ벻׵ҪȥĲ˼ѰҡҩǡҽǸҽйصĶҲ˵ֱڣҪҵġɻһģɵ飡
Ĳ˼̾һҲ֪ҪȥҵʲôҲֻүү˵Ǿ仰ıˣ죬ܲҵõȫˡ
Ĳ㣬Ҹ¡ѩСһ䡣


226 
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˵ȫ׹ԭĲ˼粻ֻΪʹ֢ʧˣ˫ش£뵽Ҳûʲôˡ
һĲ˼ôһ˵ʱϲüңѩϣˣ
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Ҳ˵ԼֻҪĲ˼磬ѩҲ˵ҪϲһŮӵĻȥϲĻ
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Ĳ˼磬̬ȣ˺ܴı仯ӦǽĿȫ˵˳ҲһЩɡ
һɽͷǰһɺѾáͺͺһĺӹȣӹȺǿĵطཫһխĵط˵ҲаʮףңӹȺߵһͱڣ˵Ҳʮ׸߶ȡ
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Ĳ˼翴ŵͼϣٴϸļһ飬Ȼ˵һ˳Լ·ߣǸ⣬ǿԽʡ·̣·ǺܺߣһҪµһΣ·Ľ㣬һ̫б£ٺᴩһĹȣɽһͱڣĪߣΣӦҪСһЩ
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Ĳ˼ĬƬ̧̣ŲһֻЫҡҡͷĵǻǲܼߣ˳Ƭͱڣǰ߽һһ԰£ͼʾǵ£Ҳʮ׸߰߶ȣԼ˵ʲôǵ£ߣҲǽһڴȣǰȫ˲١
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ãĲ˼һҧʹϣ
Լͷȥ֮취
Ĳ˼Ѿ΢΢̾һӱóţɣָҡ
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Ա㣬Ĳ˼罫Ҷտ۵ȵһӦ׵ӣʼ


227 ɺϵļ
Ĳ˼֣£㻨˰Сʱϵ¶̶ãŷԸѩȰˡ
°ܿͷ֣·ӦòĲ˼һߵģԼһ˵һߵģʯ϶ʱܹһЩҶкöطΪû֮
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ˣȴû취ԹԼװã͵͵˽ģһЩװִ֮䣬ȥõЩרҵװþߡ
Ҹֻ֣Ĳ˼չţѩţȻⲻҪúõġүǶһѣһүǶҲ͹˲ѩǰ˵һЩҼɣֻһζʹ
һұϡүǶһ󣬿쵽¶ʱڻǼֲסˡ
ӣĲ˼ֻмԶˣ֮£һŵ˸գʱһҺã˩űڡ硱һҲΪϵıֽƾӣһ˰֮УһҪɵ㣬ڰ֮ҡ
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˿ɽϵʯɳͬٲһ¹䣬Ĳ˼˼ʹҪܣҲֻԭ̤ò˶١
Ҳ֪ɽ˶ãڣ¡¡֮䣬סըľףʯȫû
һ̣Ĳ˼˽µɽ壬Ǵ̮Ĳ˼ƴȫɽϿ񱼣ǵĽţȴʼնֻվ̮ıأֻҪ̧΢һ˿˿˶̻ᱻʯɡ
еǣĲ˼ո̤һΪǰȫĴʯͷո̤ȥһֻţȴһ飬ܡȫʯͷɿ»Ĳ˼Ӷʱǰһ㣬˵ڵأʯһֱµʯȥ
ԱߵƲҲ֪ŷһһץסĲ˼죬ȻĲ˼ȻĲ˼һףһףȻĲ˼ȥֹס
ȻȴΪһ˲ͣ٣֮һ˶ʱ̮ʯɳӣ»ȥ
ʱѩѾȫһƽ̨ƽ̨ϻعͷʱ֮䱩ã֮У֮ߵʯͬһͷޣ֮ŰһЩʯͷΣ£ʯݿһһ˲ɵøɸɾ
Ӹѩ˻пڴȻ֮ǰСͬһɳѩһһ֣ڱһӳͷһȦֱӾ˹ȥ
ʱʯķͷѹµɽ壬Ӳиһ׸ߵĿſʯɳӣȥƴĻ˫֣ƫƫȴʲôҲץš
Ҫ¿ȥʱѩΪ׼ȷϣһ˲䣬Ǳ÷һգۣ㱻ƽ̨
ƾѩһ֮ȻǲɵģӼΣѩ׳֮󣬾ץסβֻ׽ͳ̷һӡ
Ĳ˼类һףѾѩ֮زԶˣĲ˼һͷȥǡÿѩסĲ˼ԥһץסӣƴһ
˶ƴȻͬһ㡣
һ̣Ĳ˼ʧˤĲ˼ץסٵ׹ڵѩףסֱӰ÷üֻһգ֮飬ⲻܲ˵ΣĹͷҲáҲáѩĲ˼ĸˣһ˲֮ڵǶٶȡԼԵжϡϵĳ˳ܹı˳
ѩĽ£˺һŻͷȥ
ʱʯĵڶɴӼ˽¾ֻʮ׳һƺɫˣͬХľһ㣬ɽ岻ס֮УЮһпԱЮ壬䷢Хűڶ
ӲҰһѱס˵˷ܻǿ־壬Ų֪ˮˮһһϣ֪ں޻˵ʲô
Ĳ˼ѩҲɫɷף§һ
˺˲֪ãڻһǰΣ˴طƽȻ滹вסһЩʯվ뼸˻һξ룬˵ϵ罹ײϣҪߴȥֻᱻ׻
֮£ĸҲֻð꣬ԭǿ֧ȻĲ˼ѩ˼һӼһ
϶ܵ͸ˣǰΪҲãʪ͸·ճϣͼΪңʱŴ꣬¶ȼһͱɪɪ
Һãһγÿ˶űûϴ··ȡ̺ӹϣ΢ùһ㡣
ֻһ̺ӹһᣬůЩҲͿʼвסˡ
ӿɲ³ȼ¯ӣֽʲôģǽģֱӷڵϣӺ»ᵼ硣
ǿЦЦ˵ӣûôأϷЩϴٰ¯ӷ棬԰ȫ
Դ룬˵ӦûϴǾԵ壬ֻҪظӦþû¡
£óţɣţȡȻϰװŵϣŴ򿪰¯ȡ˳ֻ¯Ӹոշŵϴϣ¯֮䣬žꡭһһɫâ
ӡ໡Ľһ㵹
ⶼܴ磡һϽһ߿¯ӣȻȥڵϵӡ
ֻһӴӵ壬ҲըһĵĻ⣬⣬һţҲһ飬һ
Ҳһ£ֱһûʲô˺һӱعȥӣ벻һȴһӲһ˫ֱۣĶ
һתͷ˵Ĳ˼ǰ棬˵ƿ񣬳ʹУ졭Ⱦӡ
벻ǣĲ˼ѩˣڻ·׶ûء
һԴ˽Ĳ˼һ˳ץһʪ͸·˹
ѩǾŲѣһ·סǰ漴Ҫȥסһգ֮䣬ȴֱ¶˳ѩʧݣѸϽתȥǱȫ¶ǰ
Ĳ˼˳һ·漴ץ̺ӣһת֮䣬ӹ̺ɷ˵һѽʧ롢ѵ˽
һ裬漴Ǳһȭͷż⡣
ʱѩҲعץԼ̺ӣһΧͷС
ԴһڵϴһߴУˡˡҲǹģ졭ҾȾȡȾӡ
Ĳ˼࣬źݺƨһţȵôˣ
ĨһѲǱԼıѪͷ̧ĴӡˡȥȥȾ
ѩһ׼ҪĽ˻ͷʵˣ
ֻѩһ¶Ĳλʱ¶
ĨһѱѪ˵յˮû뵽û뵽
û˵꣬ѩһ߿·ҲֱӾͳȥˡ
Ҫû뵽Ĳ˼Ķһţȵ͵ǲǡ
Ŷվһԩı飬˵ϴ治ǡ治ǹġⲻΪҪ𡭡
Ĳ˼ѩˣȭߣֵǣȴожжʹ
²ޣƵĳɷֻǶ˲١
ֻĲ˼ŭϣҲҪˣ
ϣĲ˼ϵȺ˺䣬ڻ·֮ʣûܻ꣬ûʲôϢ֮£תͷҲһۣҲ治ǹģ
Ĳ˼ɲǲǹģһ̧ȣ߳


232 
ͷһĲ˼ĬĬԼߣʱѩڼӵ
Ҳ֪ô£ɾǺ΢
ѩһ飬ʱһЩʵ˵ˣѩ˺һ˵Ӧϴž磬ʱ򣬾ͻᷢ𻨣ԭӦû⣬ӿ̫Щ
ӵûаʵ
Ҳûʲô⣬ܰһ˹ֹΪȱ
˵пܻȱºԥſϣһȻ⿪ӵͣﴵһ
һİӴѩۡһЦ˳
Ĵֻ˹һַʽȫòȥֻҪƽڵϣȻڶӵ˫֣ѹӵķβӵĺͿˣû뵽֪ѧģΪ˹һ촵
ৡһºѩЦЦ˵ôˣݡ顯˵ӿǸողŲã;ȹһģôἺҲûʲô԰
һ⻰ڵһվ
ֻʵڲ뵽£Ĳ˼绻·𼱻ǵľ˹һȴΪƲסһӾײѩϡ
ѩаһһӷϣ͸˸
ƫƫʱҲһڰһ˳һۣȻѩԼϣԼ֡һȥȻϵɫܡ
ѩЩŵָͰ͵˵졭졭˹
ֻǸոһĻѹֻȥĲ˼ȫѩȵӣ
һ
ӲĲ˼ٴκȵӣҪÿһ
Ĳ˼ġгڣӡһٴΡѡ˹һѹӻװģʵô°ôˣ
һʣһ߰ĿͶѩɫ֮
һѩһţ͵͵һ䣺һԻ쵰
Ĳ˼޺޵Ķһۣһɫǡ
Ĳ˼ѩ֮һĳ
һվԼϸϸ˺һȷոסԼûʲôӰ죬ץһţɷŵһ߽ţɣһȻζոѩԼһĻ
ãӲţɣٺЦ磬˵ŮӼҡٺ١ôСõҪƫƫȴֵú޵Ҫ
һ뵽ղţԼĳǶӣû˵ŮӡŮӣͲܲӶŮӺ֪֪Ҹովͱһ١
㣡ΪʲôӲŵʵûԵ˺۰ңҲû
һ٣ʵΪʲôȴ治˼˵Ϊ˾ӣɵԼȴŮӻ·⻰Ҫ˵Ӳ̷͹ˡ
һ죬ӺٺٵЦڰɣ磬ǲһȥϴʲôûǷҪٲѹĻ϶кùӳԣǺǡѩˣ˹ٺ١
޲һͷ굽ȥǵģ
Ҳ֪˶ãϡҲͣ
ੲݣһһѩӣƣҪߣϻǺڵס
ҪʲôͲˣֻվһȻ֮Զ֮⣬һһѵʯɳҪ̮ˣ
ɲǼ£úúõĲ鿴һ£ҪȻû׼ʱôĶ֪
ţ΢Ĺ׿ȥ
ףӼУֻط̮ٶԽԽ죬̲סһá
û뵽һУ˳һ׷һߴѯ硭ô£
ӵĻո꣬ԶĵطðӰңӰһʵʲôˣ
ӰȻĲ˼ѩˣ
һ׹Լôˣ£һ߱ͷܣһߴҡҷһЩɳ
Ĳ˼ѩĻصǰ棬ѩʵɳʲôɳ
ҲǴɰʵף磬ɱңɳж󶯾ҪҪתƣ
棬֧֧Ĵûûʲô˵ġòתơ
ѩŶһȻתƣҲûʲô˵ģԣѩŶһ֮תԼȥ
Ĳ˼ȴһ˼ִһҹ
ȻҹȥҪһȥû׼һٱᣬ˭Լû¾Ҫȥһء
ԣһĴаѾѹˣ׼˯ء
Ĳ˼㣬ȵҹҪǲĻҡ㡭ӳȥһ
ûϼ䣬Ĳ˼ͿʼˣȴǰϢҲûС
ӼĲ˼籩ѣӣҪǴֻһ٣ȻӲĲ˼Ϊʲôôʱ򣬴ҵȻֻԺΪ
ﲻϳĲ˼淢Ĳ˼ȻƴţĲ˼ȥ
˺һӼסĲ˼磬֮£ֻûͷﺰ磬ҾˣԼŰɡ
ֻȴûа㶯
ԼĲ˼ջǰѡ˳Ĳ˼һƿӣƿӣ̤
Ӹѩ֪Ĳ˼ıƢҪùǾЩˣԣӸѩһĿҡͷ̾ϢﲻסΪ
һȴûĲ˼ŭҲûĲҽС
˻ڹĪʱĲ˼Ȼ̽ͷӸѩˣһʰϽġ
ʱҪתƣһǱĲҽл˳Ծ
ѩҲʱʮֲ죺Ҫߣ
Ĳ˼תͷһʰһЩӱ֮ĶһͷҲ̧˵ȥˡ
Ӹѩһȥˣƽ̨֮ϣܵȥ
Ӹѩ񣬽ĵƹ⣬ϸ֮£һʧɫĽ֪ʲôʱһܹݵһŰ
ֻǶڱϣʱʱµһЩʯ
ûûȥһǵȥˡ


233 ڻͼ
ԵľܿóҪΪɽķ绯ʯס˶ڣȻΪովһʯöסڵɳʯ»˶סڵʯ䱡
ȥǸ⣬ҲΣաڣʱбʯɳٴηµĿܣ
ֲĲ˼ǽ
µȻͬҲ²һ㣬ֻߣʯɳӣ϶ڣطֱһ촰
Ĳ˼һµһ߻ֵ磬һߴС
硭ҲǲסĴС
ѩȴֵ磬ϸĴ档
ֻﵽѺۣҲ˴ССʯ飬Ϊ̫ãɽһΣ绯¡
ѩЩǣۣΪȻʴγɵĶߣ˹һͨ
ͨѩ֪ϲǾһʱ֮ݡ
Ĳ˼ǵİΣһߴһʮֿٵǰѰҡ
ãû߶Զǰʹȣû£ǿ
ش𣬻˵ûʲô£Ĳ˼˶һ
ǰ治ԶĵطһֻڿǽһЩ
ߣĲ˼˵ôģҲ˵һ
תͷЦЦ˵ҶͻȻ䷢ֽºȻͳһڣҲ֮һģһ֮£ˡٺ١׼ǣˡ
Ĳ˼ҧ촽һ£ǹƬ̣վסˣʵʲô֣
ֵĸо򵥵Ļشһ䣬ȻȥǽϵĶ
ɫǽϺʪ󣬵ȷһЩ׼ȷ˵Ӧһڻڻӿ㲻ʲô֮޷ǾһЩССԲȦеԲȦΪʯͷѷ죬ƳأһҲûʲôÿġ
ѩһЩԲȦʱ˷ܲѣæҳЩԲȦһ˺üƬ
ѩգ˷ܲѣصվǷڻԱߣҪѩҲһţҪż
Ĳ˼翴ѩգȴüͷ˵ĵطѩݣǾԽֹƬġ
νֻǺܲѩʵ⼸ȦеûʲôɣҲʲô֪ʲô˼
ѩպٵǽڱ߿һ£˵һܹϵıڻϵпǼǧ֮ǰ
һԺ˵ǧ֮ǰǻƾʲô˵ǼǧĶ
ررͷ۵ľǣһԹһĶʶƶͨܰڳ峯ô˵ѩǰݶ
ʯϵСԲȦڿ̻ʱǱӦģֻǾµʴʯڷ绯ѣγɲխѷ죬ЩȦպûЩѷϣȻѷſ롣
仰˵Ҳʯڷ绯֮ǰڻģ
ӹȻզ಻ѣĻĵطΪϿᣬ绯ٶȴ󳬹ĵطҪﵽɽʮ׵ʯͷѳǧʱ䣬ⲻ̫ܰɣ
ʹİԴתѩѧԵ⣬ǲܸӽ͵
ѩȻܰѾڽӵϣϸȥЩСԲȦ
˺һѩ˵һһͼ
ͼĲ˼ҲЩ죬ǰԼҲɣһͼĲ˼ļ䵱УûǸгģңϵǷ࣬һǣǿȥճһͼҲǲУʲôʵϵء
ʲôͼʲôģҲûȤڡġ֮ĶԼ桢һĶҪȤöࡣ
ԣѩоǷͼȴǼ˳ͨǰߡ
ӲĸһߣһߴСֵǰѩ˵Ϊģ磬˵˵ʲôĵطʱô
ûĴô֪˭
ѩӺ׷Щ˷ܵ˵пܾǸΪصĲ˿ģһ󹦡
ӺЩ˵Ǵһҵôƾʲôѹ;͸һˣ
Ĳ˼ںǻ˵ӣ㣬ͻȻ֮һ֪ϸĶôš
ҰȻǸϽȰӦǸһϸĿûʲôֵǮĶҲԣӦǡӦϸΧĻ
ôһ˵Ĳ˼ѩһһȻһˣǰӵҾ͸ܻᷢһģӸ˵Ĳ
Ӳǵһôֵôȥ˭ǰҪҪɱҪס۶簡
һ˵ǰ飬Ĳ˼ѩһ죬һȵס졭һ˵Ҫ˵˵ġ
ƫƫӲ֪ô磬֮䵽׷ʲô°ôоǼǹֵֹġ
޲һţ¶ʲôֵģǡǡٺ١
Ĳ˼޵ģ˵Ȱ˼ϣҪ´Σһɱ㣡
ԶԶǰ棬Ц˵ᣬᡭһᡭ
ѩں˵ᣬ㡭
Žϣ˺ʱĻּݣȻ֪򣬵֪пǸΪصĲ忪ͨԼҲͷĴ󵨵ءֱǰ
ֱֻͨӸ˶߲ˣûߵͷ
Ĳ˼̾һҲûӵ£ӽǸȺָһ·ûúõϢһ£˭͸֧ú
˸΢ƽ̹һĵطĲ˼ôַͣԸ󷹣Ϣһߡ
ΪҲòŴټϵ滹Ǹֱӽ˯ȡڵϾͿһ
Ȼȴ鷳Ĵһ񣬻Ĳ˼ѩԶԶġ
Ӹеʮ⣬һ·סҲͰˣסݣĸ˾ǼڳҲסһģô
ӣ˵ҪԸ⣬Լȥһס
ץץԴ磬˵ʲô˶һƵģĻǽһչǣԹЩʲô
ʱѩһֽɻߵ󷹵ĵط˵ǲǺ֣
ӹѩֽƬֽƬϣѩô໭ŵǰǷڻССһʮСȦ
ЩСȦһһеúûʲôɡ
ԡġûʲ̫Ȥ΢һ飬ȻͰֽѩ
ӽӹֽһ߽һ˵⿴ȷǹ찡󣬻᲻Ǳǰɡ
ҡͷЦǣǣֻ߿ǰϱǣһҲŰ˿ţʮң״ǳӣʲôʱͳһһ״


234 
ѩЦЦʵΪֻʲô
ҡҡͷôʮССȦ֪ʲô
ѩｫֽû̯ϣȡһ֧üʣȻֽϻƬ̣ѩֽٰƬݵ
һʱֽƬ̲סһ˳
һͼϣѩô໭ĺɫüʻĳɵĺɫйһĿȻȻһΪֱ۵̫ϵǹͼ
ңȻֻһͼڱϣȴżΪ׼֣ͼϵġ򡱡壬ԼǡϵһֻһۣͲ롣
̽Դһһָ߰ͷһ˵Ӧòǰɣ㿴⣬һġ塢˵ģ̫ˮǡǡ򡢻ǡǡľǡǡǡڤǣһ߰˾ţӦǾŸŶԣôһأ
Ĳ˼ں˵ǰЩ꣬ǰڤǸı˰ˣԣ̫ϵǾֻа˸ˡ
Ҳ԰ץͷ˵˵ǶԵģкüǶŷֵİǰ϶ڻǼǧ֮ǰеģǸʱҲ֪̫ϵҲֻа˴ǣ˵ЩǣһһҲ˵ͨ
ѩ΢΢һЦڻԶǿȷģ˵ΪʲôǡҲֻ֪С˴ǡҲ֪ǣЩһУ룬мֽͣһΪʯ绯ѷ죬ڻݴλƣΣڻһ񣬽ס顯
飡һǧǰ˾֪飡ôܣʷżǧ갡
⣬һӶ뵽һˡ
ϧǣ⣬Ҫ˵ѩĲ˼磬µΪֹҲû˵壬ܹ͵ס
Ĳ˼ҲףΪʲôǧǰˣ֪̫ϵС˴ǡңӹϵʷġǡأҲֻǧ꣬ңᵽģ֮⣬ҲֻнľˮǣûС˴ǡ֮˵
᲻ѩŪˣ
ѩҡҡͷڻ˶꣬ڲȷ֪ĻȴʵӦʼһֱڰѰҵǸ˻ģҲ˵һ
ᵽʼʡ֣ѩ˵ҽ£漴뵽ҩϡȵĴ˵
ѵүѰҵģҲǴ˵֮еġҩ
һ뵽ûɵĴ˸¡
ôһ˵ҲһãǿǴ˵еĶʷϵĵѰҲҩ˶ൽо٣Ǵû˵ҵ
ȥҡҩΪʲôȥա棬óɷٲȻȥĸǧһǧһң˵
ѩȻͬүӾҳҩѩҲţʼѰҩԲǿѨ磬룬츣ͯͯŮɽȥѰҩʵ
ǲвҩǹҲ˵ӲʼѰõˣӦǾʮָҽһ㣬ӦӹɵģҪȻҩĴţֻǴӺζ
ڤ˼ãʵãǼ裬ȷǸʲôҽĲģҽҩʲôϵѵǳҽʮָ֮⣬֪ʶҲߵó˵𣿡
ѩҡҡͷһŵյףڵǸط֮󣬶ᱻҿ
һ뵽ǸطȻشܣĳֹסһȣѩ˵ЩʲôҲȥݲݵĺӰţȻ
⵹û˺ģߵʲôүҪҵĶȻǴ˵ĶδϲĴڣ
ƾԼһʱľõļ˵ĶЩֻӦڴ˵ģǣԼˣңмԼõˣ˵˵Ҳδزʵôÿһ˵޾ıأҪ˳Щ˵ѰȥһʮȤ顣
ԣûʲôģǾЩ˷׼ȷ˵·ڲ֪תһ
ڵۼ©ȣãԼϲӦȥ׷Ѱ̽աѰĴ̼
Щ˯˹ȥԺ֮䣬֪˯˶ãֱĲ˼˹պһ׷һˣڵŴҿ
ݲݳԹ˷ѩߴŴҸϽ·ΪҲ֪ʱȥ˶ãǰȵ˵˵һòҪ죬Ȼ֪Ѿʲôʱܵ˵Ѿȥһˣĸ˵ʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ֻĸԽǰߣԽԽߣ棬ȫǽݡ
ѩЩʯᵹģڿӦûǸˡ
֪˶ټݣĸڿһ˿⣬⣬Ҳǿ쵽ˣĸ˸˷ܲѡ
ڵʱһ˵ķ֣֮ԭһʯţʯţȴӲըˣǴӱը͸ġ
ʯϵĿѩüͷ˵ѡıըӦǸǳըҩʹõĸ֣ңʹõըҩӦG4һĸ߱ըҩ
˵һ·ϹҲûʲôôߵǰء
ҲҡԴ˵緢Ǹڣ˵ովһʯ̮ĶڣҲͲ˴Ӻϵǰȥ˰ɣ˵ҪǣG4ըǶܷͨǲ֪ܲ
ѩüҡҡͷҲ˵ʯ˳ȥ
ʯţǰľüٴδһ
һʮ׵ʯţռһԨ֮ϣʯŶһըһʯţ
ӼǱ۾һһ̤ʯţʯͻȻ֮һ㡣
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Ĳ˼ߺߵĿתĶǼҿǱߡ
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ץԴʹĳĬ˺һ˵׼ȷ˵һիĹС˵˵ĶһЩõ顣
˭֪ǼҿͦģЦЦ˵ûⱾ飬ǲ֣Ȿ飬ȴֻͣڵȻǲĳ̶ϣҾֻܺǺǡ


237 
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238 Ҫҵ֤
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һ£̲סüͷһ䣺壡
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˵ӣҩҲҪΣЩʱϲϣղţ㲻ڸҩԼѿ
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ûĴűأ˭һ·϶ѩѩĽиͣ


239 
ڨڨЦЦ˵Ǹʲôѩ棬һǸʩչ˼ơѶ㣬ڷҪıơ
һ߸Ĳ˼һ˵СԼɡ
ʱǼҿѾݽǴһ˽ȥ˦档
һνݣʮ˽ݣԶǰ˾ͣ
Ǽҿ˵ӦþżĹؼڣֻҪǰʯţ⿪һյ׵֤ݣͻǰ
ʯϣбըĺۼըҩûը飬Ǽըֱʯš
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ֿ˶ӱóһСըҩýһȻý⼸õըҩճʯϣȡһ˶ֺӣȡһ׹ܣըҩ档
ǼҿתͷЦЦ˵ǽеһըҩˣܲըϣһɡ
˵꣬ôȻصȥ
ЩޣŶû򿪣Լһ˴ʲôʮ̨װµģǺܺ氡
ֻǲ޹鲻ޣֿ˶óңӻǵһ̨ס
ȫϵ˵棬붴Զһֿ˶Ŵңأըҩ
ըҩըһ˲䣬ǺȻ죬һɼļХХΪ̶Դʹи룬Ӷһֱһ㣬¶ûӶµס˾ʹ쳣
ңХʱܳòܲסҪ
ХʧǰǼҿĲ˼˶һһʹĹãŻһ
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ʵʱΣǼҿǻȻǱһΡ
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ˣǼҿǸȻǼҿ˵Щ˵ҲһΪըԵʣĲ˼ͬĳ棬ͬҲܵȵľţǼ˵ڲǺúõģ˵ըԼģûЩҪԭ򣬾ԲԼ
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ĬӺǵļȻѩ˵С㣬ɲ˵һˣǶ磬ǴĿһظ㣬о仰ô˵ţǶ粻ɮ濴棬үӷϣǮҲͲ˵ˣðģǰﵽˣðģҲˣô˵Ҳ御
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ʲôĲ˼һС
ֿ˶ɭɭЦҪΪҲ֪СëͷʵǸ֣ţֻܴÿҪڲĻҾֻɱȥš
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ֿ˶һ֣ˢһǹһƵţǹڶ׼ӣ˵˲ϲ˵ϻҲ֪ϵĶطǳţһˣҲȥ


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ͻȻ֮伱תֱ£˵ͱ䣬⧲ֿ˶ǹвĲ˼ˡ
Ǽҿеֿ˶ǹ
ѩһ֣סҪԼֻǻûжֿ˶硱ľͿһǹӵХţӹѩͷʯϣһͷһ˭Ҳ޷Ԥ
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Щˣκһܵ˺Ĳ˼ҲһӲİ
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˵ʵϾСʱһ֪һһ֪ըҩըţǱʲôá
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ֿ˶ĬĨһԴϵĺˮʾ֭Ƭ̣˵δ֪ĵ·©һ˿һп뷽һ·Ȼֿ˶һԸЩֱӿǹɡ
ǽڣе磬ǧҵţһǻûģ¸ʲôǹˣˣʮүǶǼú
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ԲεʯģǼҿԲʯĵĵطǼҿô֪Ҳ˵ǼҿȻ©ĵطңطźҪ
ֿ˶Ƭ̣˵ҹţȥǸط϶Ӧˣôðϸ˵һ飬ܹҳʲô
ֿ˶ţҪҪȥһǸطôһ˵ֿ˶һ¾Ǹط˵˵ˣõʱЮסȴ˼ͷϻ
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һ㣬ʾ֮£ֿ˶뵽ˣ˵ֿ˶;øȷһЩ


241 㿪ǹ
ֿ˶˵Ǽҿ֪ĵطһĴиӣǸӶпȭͷСˮʯһطǱȽԶ棬һĵҡ
Ǽҿʵ벻ôطԼ֪쳣ʱȣǷͷеģԼеǼҿǺֿ˶ȴԼôҪ
Ǽҿŭѣֿ˶ЦЦ˵ǼұڼȻҪ·ʵ˵ڵУɱģΪϸ֣һҪܣߺߡ
ɱġǵ˹ѩҲ˹أ
˹ڰ·ϣɱǰԮˡֿ˶ޱ̽е鶼˵˳ϧ֪ô£˹ؾȻҵˣߺߣҲá
ЦЦԭǼҿһģһڣֿ˶ɱһһֿ˶һģڰ·ɱˡ
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벻׵ǣ˹ʲôɱ˵ģΪʲô˵ЩˣƤⶼʧøɸɾȴ·
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ԭˣʯЩˣԭܵϵĹģ
ô˵һ飬ȫֻֿ˶˹ƳģĿģҪǼұ֮ǰõһܹԼĶ
ֿ˶Ц˵ֻаŪԽգԺ󣬾Խ˻ɵͷϡ
áááǼҿһ˵á֣Ǽҿȱ£ԼһֱֵܵˣȻԼЫ˶񶾵ļƲߣֻԼϹۣһԵĶ޽䱸Ĵߡ
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ֻֿ˶˫ֲŽӴͷͻȻ֣һգ֮䲻ңԼŵģҲʲôӣһߣһͣ¶Ķߡ
ֿ˶һΪԼ۾ˣû뵽ԼһתһǹڶǹڣͶԼĿڡ
㡭ʲôֿ˶źڶǹڣһôġ
ٺٵһЦֿ˶ϵߣʱֱһӡ
һԿסֿ˶̲סתͷѩĲ˼ˣٺ١Ҹ˵ϣĬɡ
Ĳ˼˵㡭
ѩҲЦЦ˵һʡ
˵ţһǰվֿ˶ߡ
ֿ˶һ̻֮ع˫һ죬ȥǹңһ֣Ȼǳɹľʹǹ˹
̼䣬ٴתֿ˶ǹһ׳Ĳ˼ѩ˶֣תǹڣ׼Դȣ˭Ҷ˭Ҷһ£Ҿʹ
Цӯӯֿ˶˵㿪ǹɣҲˡ


242 Ը
ֿ˶ɲһСåս˳ģ˵ˣֿ˶ͺĿ۶˰
ꡭ۶ˣײȴײ˸գûӵ
ҡͷԣ˵ˣһ֣һֿ˶һģһǹ
㡭ֿ˶۾ʵڲôģԼѾս˵ģôǹңֿ˲ŵģϵӣȻһգۼԶ䵽˵ϡ
龪죬ֿ˶Ҳӹ֣ĿǹѾȵߵĲ˼磬һܿǹڣһץצס˻ǹĲ˼Ϳһǹ
⧲֮£ֿ˶ǹĲ˼翪һǹ⼸£䣬áʯֿ˶Ķٶȡ
硭ǹը죬ǹһ档
ǣĲ˼ȴûеأֿ˶΢΢һ漴׹ٴˣԼᵽֵǹֻһֻǹ͵Ĵ
ֻһ֮䣬ֿ˶ϣһ˫عסֿ˶ӣֿ˶Ҫ˦ϵӣ룬Ӵһʹ
ڡǧһ֮ʣӽ̹һץסֿ˶ŵһ
ֿ˶ضɽҡһҽУ˶ʱ˵ϡ
ֿ˶Ĳӣֿ˶¹֮ʣһ⣬ͬʱؿضסֿ˶ԴҪСһ£նֿ˶ľǡ
ֿ˶Ǳ˵ĴƬ̣㱻յ˹ȥ
ֿ˶ˣŷſֿ˶վ֣ٺЦ磬û뵽ҽ̸ħؼʱ򣬾Ȼ˲ɴãٺ٣ͽʦ
ҲǺٺһЦˣؼʱ̣ҪӦ䡭Ӵ
Ĳ˼죬ĶȵŴȥ
̿һ˵ϴ󡭡ⲻǸոմ˸ʤ̡ˡ
Ĳ˼ʵҪô
ˡ
Ĳ˼ֱϱһѪۣȻĲ˼оʹǿѪʪ͸䣬Щʹ
Ĳ˼üӽֿ˶ıҳҩƷԸһȥҩ
ʱӣֿ˶һ㣬Ψֿ˶ѣֿ˶еƷߣӴʮᡣ
ʰֿ˶վתͷ磬˵Ҫˮܴţڣô뵽ġ
ٺٵЦһ󣬴ҪĻͱ಻ôĻ԰ɡ
ʱǼҿǵ˹ѩţһȳһȳߵǰȻǹ΢΢˵Сֵܣҿۣȷλ֣ҡ
һʰԼıһߵЦЦҪмʲôģͲҪ˵ˣǻʰʰϽس̣ٺ١һˣҿǷŷ裬ȥģɲֻǼû
Ǽҿ̾һ˵СֵܣҲֿ˶˵ˣǼҡʵ˵ģȷǼҵȷڼֻǡֻǣܹʯţⱲһԸһΣ
ϱٺЦǼҵ飬Ǳ˵ǶǱ޳Ī£УôʯţҲſں˵Ŀתֿ˶עҲˡ
ǼҿǺǼ˵ûк˵Сֵܣ˵ʵǰҲйɣţӦǸйϵǣһûҵصʩԣҡҲ޴Ķըҩڣˣν顯ʵǰָ⡢ߣֻҪ⣬ܹš
ŪЦܴܲţ˵νҼȲҪЩƱҲʲôϣҪȤȥźˡ
ʱѩҲߵߣ˵Ҹ磬ҡˡ
ʱѾʰһУֻĲ˼һ£ͿԵͷˣǼҿԼ˵ǼұڼĻ̲סʵһֱ˵Ǽҵ£Ǽҵ׷ʲô£ôڼˣ
Ǽҿ̾һ˵ǼҵȷǼҴҵ󣬵ڽȫԵĽΣǼҵĲҵڶ̶̵ļ֮ͱһ룬ǰϣҵϣǣҡɢˣû˼ȥӪҵ
ٺ١ӸЦ˼˵㣬ȥļҵ룬ƴĸ鷳԰ɣٺ٣ǼҳǮ֪ǼҵùǸõõıӦ
ӣ̫֡ǳһ
Ǽҿļ£ԲܣԲֻ侮ʯⲻϲԸȥ¡
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ӣ˸־ԼϲģҲԼϲģҪָ˼ҡ
Ǽҿϵʹ˵ֺ֪УԲˣǣֻһԸȻҾ͡Ҿ͡СֵܣЩ˵Уֻܰҡ
ĬƬ̣˵ҲԸæǣ˼ǵϴҪʲô飬Ҷֻġ
ҪʲôԸʲôȻֻĲ˼ģֻǼҿĲ˼ԭлԼģǼҿΪǵ˹ѩϾĲ˼ĹϵҲ˵Ĳ˼ڸǵ˹ѩС
ˣȻҪĲ˼һӣңҪӸģԣ˵Ĳ˼ǡϴ󡱣ʲôֻġ
Ϊˣһֱô˵ǵ˹ѩ򣬲ȻһЦ˵ֵܣ˼ֵܣܹҿԸҿԴӦ㣬ԺҾԲٳڼҿǰ
ǵ˹ѩôһ˵Ҳ֪Ǹ񾭣һȻſǻ˵ϴ̫жˣΪİˣɿԼһԲۣʵȻ氮ϴ󡭡硭
˵ӲҪĨޱˡ
ΪǼҿһԸǵ˹ѩĸԸľʹ˷Ǽҿأ⻰˵Ҳһ̽͵س鴤һ¡
ֻĲ˼˵òǰĿϷҿ㣬üס£һǶֻǿĲϣκ˶ûйϵΣ治ʲôκ˶գþΪС
˶Ĳ˼ֳ˵ְɡ
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£˵ͷһһ˵ֿ˶˵ˮڷλҲ²ûĻضһװſԷĶԣǱҵǸԷĽǶȣ䵽ˮʯ档
Ӹһ̨ףһʵ磬֪ӦǶĶһϲͨģôͻȻ֮ͱôĪˡ
û˵㶯ӣңԺ࿴һ顭֮Իô룬ܵһַǴַҲһңڰһ֮Уֻһ죬䵽
ԭץץԴ˶٣ʵҪһһ죬꣬һ궼ںڰ֮ˣһɵúܵڶǵ߰꣬춼û⣬Զںڰ֮ˡ


243 үǶ
һӵĳ嶯һ⣬ʵʵ
ѩǼҿǵ˹ѩ򣬶̲ס΢΢һЦʲô⣬ϡŹ֣ʼϲ
ܵ뵽˺ܿҵǸˮƵӣӸ˻ӣϸؿһ¡
ˮʯȻȭͷСһǱΪǶģֿ˶֮з֣ǲҵ
ӴӲ豭СĿ׶￴ǿˮʯ̲סһڿˮⶫģҪóһֵܹϺöǮ
Ƴһӣ˵˵ȡȡˣϴĵù㣿
һ°͵Ŀˮ̾һ磬˵һˣǶ˼ʮϰǮкöϴֲö˵ֵ𣿡
һ߹۲׶׼ķλһ˵ϴöĵǮҲҵģйϵ𣿡
ڨڨЦЦôûϵϰûǮԱģָ˭ҪǮȥ
׼˷λû˵ôǮҲ˿Ǯаʣôȥһλǧ̰
ӿЦѣǧ̣ԼжԶԼ֪Ƚ±ȽʵһЩ
˷λǶȣȻѩҪ˻ױߵ⣬Լ׼ĵطȻžӣⷴ䵽ˮʯ档
һ̣漣ˣûױ⣬͸ǿˮʯҫ۵ĵһֱֱĴ̽У֪ȥһȴм䲻ͣ俪ȥ
澰̲סһϵĻױҲŵأһʯϣˤ˸顣
ʹû˻ױķ䣬ɲʧͬһ⽣ֱֱĴգֱں̫Ĺâ֮УһȴȻ֮е֮
Ǽҿȳȣǵ˹ѩĲ֮£쳣ѭת۵һ׷Դͷ
ӡĲ˼˶ľ𺳵˵ֻľȻĸǼҿ
ûöãѭŹߵָٴλصǰǵûըʯǰ
ʱǵʯϾȻһƵĵ⣬ڵҫ֮УG4ûըţϢĻ򿪡
֪ʲôʱֿ˶ѾվңѾȥϵǼҿĲ˼վһ
ֻǵڣҲûȥעֿ˶еˣضǵ򿪵ʯţڵһʱ俴ʯű󣬵ʲô
֪˶ãʯȫ򿪣չڼǰģһ޴Ŀռ䣬жû֪Ҳû˿
Ϊһ˲䣬һߣֱֱռһϣ㣬䣬̷һҫ֮ĺ⡣
ո̤ռˣȫֺ֡
ĿŬǿǰ治Զĵط̨׵ʯ̨ʯ̨ϣһĵ̣ģǵ֮еһľʯ
ҫ۵ĺ֮⣬龧ʯġԭ𺳲ѵǾĪ
ǵϵĶһҰݣһʯܹǱġ˸źľʯǺ⣬ȴġҲҲϢ
⵽һʲôʣΪʲôԼῴġԼκΡĶʲôáһ֮䣬ǧӿͷ
ֿ˶һԴͷȻֿ˶ܹҫۺĶӦĹ°뱲ˡ
Ĳ˼һҪǰȥֹֿ˶һУûܹΪУֹֿ˶Ĳ˼ְ
ֻĲ˼ողȥ㷢һҺߣһֻϱ˺ۣȻ˺ʹ쳣
ѩȳһβֿ˶׷˹ȥ
ѩǼҿѩ򶼴ӦĲ˼磬ֻ֡УοҪȥժȡĶˣֿ˶ѩȻӦ
е˶ʼϲǣҫһ֮󣬾ȻңԽԽ
عͷŷ֣ԭǵ͸Ĺߣ֪ʲôʱѾʧϾңź𽥰⴦ռúڰ
һֿ̣˶Ѿ˴㷢ĵطҪȥժȡһ⣬ѩѾչ˹ơ
ֿ˶һͷҰһ㷢һ󺿽УǷĵѩĹơ
ӡǼҿǵ˹ѩȥѩΣֿ˶Ǹĸ֣־Գѩࡣ
Ҫ䲻ʹЩСֻϧûǱһ߿Ǳһȭ̵
Ĳ˼ҧȥѩսƫƫĲ˼һ첲ˣУ㱻ֿ˶һȭĲ˼˱ϣĲ˼˵ֱ۲סĺˡ
Ǽҿѩ˶ϴŲˣû취ֿ˶һһѩʵǶľ֧ûöã㱻ֿ˶һȭСϣѩʱ÷
ڵϣһѪУ磬ϣҧ˵
ŶӣѵҡҡͷҪҧһڣһõŶ
ʱҲûܹ赲סֿ˶ˣֿ˶һЦ̤ѾҪϨĺ⡣
Ĳ˼ǼѵҡҡλεҪǰȥֹֿ˶ֻûһֵ
ųӱ߶һʹ˵Ĳ˼ߣѵķĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼һǵѪ˵ǹء
ϴǹ类ˡ
Ĳ˼Цһ£ҡҡͷ˵ȥ֮󣬸үү˵һ˵˵ҳȥˡ
ۿһ죺Ҫ˵Լȥ˵ָҡ
Ĳ˼ѵ˵˵ĶҲߣ˭Ҳֹҵðǿߡ
Ӻۣ͵վǿǰߣɬһЦ磬ǲǴүǣˣԲԣ
ͷҲӵ˼ֿ˶ǸŮ˶򣬶ңĻǵϴеŮҪүǶĶû顣
һЦ粢ż磬ֲ֣ǡѵֿ˶ȥ
Ĳ˼硢ѩǼҿѩĸڵϣһУҪӡǲĶ֡
ʱֿ˶Ѿ˵̨ףǶ״ĵǰ棬˫ֱ֣ȥǺѾÿҪϨľʯ
ֻֿ˶ֻûմǿ龧ʯͷͻȻһ߲ʹâࡢȡ졢ࡢ̡ɫĹâ
߲ʹâγһ⻪תĹ̨֣һס
վ̨ϵֿ˶ǿѾϨ˺ľʯڹ⻪תĹ֮н뿪棬סĿʼת
ڹ֮еֿ˶ʱסţҪӹƫƫʱֿ˶ڰ֮У޴һеҲֻͽͶѡ
ŹԽԽתУֿ˶ǿ龧ʯһıһһķֽ⣬ΪĩҳʧΡ
ֿ˶뾧ʯʧǵ߲ʵĹ֣ҲٿȻ֮ʧ


244 ˵
ԭҪүǶһصɵɵÿ߲ʹֵĽ٣ֿ˶ʯȻֿ˶ʯһķֽڣֱǵ߲ʹҲʧǰһƬīڡ
ڰ֮УͻȻ쳤𣺡ֿ˶ݰݡ
û꣬ȴĲ˼缱ٵĺȽУӡ졭̮ˡ
һ˵Ҫ̮ˣҲ֪ӻͷܡ
˵ײײҪиһû뵽Ƭ棬Ҳڲסݣľɽѡ
Ĳ˼ֱˣָֿ˶һܣҲƾһ־ƴ·رѩչѩᣬ֮£һ˵Ǽҿĸ첲ҪԨ
ڻس;УȺΧǸӪصʱһ£˱ȺΧĺۼ
αȺΧֻһӣҲûʲôϬһѵɵͱΧǽ棬滹һ߱ʳøɸɾİ׹ǡ
ϵī˿īԼǰѵɵ졣
ӿЩģ˵ʲôÿģֲֵǮĶѵһ˿ˣЩ˵ܲ
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ץץԴã˵ӦþǸƭҵϹӵģԲԣ
˵ͷ΢΢ЦЦԼһǬûˣһֱЩԼ鷳ģȷԼ鷳һôãֱӾͱȺŵ
ϹӵĹǺʰӰæһӣϹӵİ׹ˣǶ͡һ㱨
󣬴һصͭǡ
ֻǻص֮ͭ󣬵ţ統ǰһǴĳһţ統̣˲ˣңߵӣҲ䡣
ӱףһүӸɵĺ£Ϊڵ˵ѩ֮ڲܵǻعһ˰Ӹˣ
ڵãƴƴǼҿ˻үȴڱͱ˴һ
Ҳ̾ʹ绰ɣϼֻɣϼҲ֪ô£绰ʹͨ
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Ĳ²ûдңǸĲ˼硢ѩǼҿǰžͽĲҡ
һŭݣӭ͵ĲԶɽʱǺǵЦ
ǿĲԶɽк͵ֱĲԶɽţ統̣ǲǼүӲģֻڲ
ĲԶɽǺǵЦҾ֪һʦģáãҵƢһģһ
ŭϻ˵ǵҪҪϾ͸ʹ컰
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ϴ󡭡Ӻǲ˵ӾǵļңǵļûˣĶ˯ȥһɱ˵¶ܲŰ
Ҳ˵ţ統̣˵ͬһ㣬ү˵ͲôҲҪһ˵ɡ
Ĳ˼籧һ˫֣еЦЦҪסҪ˵Ǿڴ߾ܹҪסҪ˵ĻҲɵ
һףҾͲˣϴܰôţ
ĲԶɽҲЦĿһյ˼ҲûС
ʱһǺĲԶɽ˵ʲôô˵أ
һʱһʧеϡ
ĲԶɽЦЦȥ
Ȼ֪ġϡǺˣһͷϣе磬˭ûض˯˭˯ҾͶǼȥ
ĲԶɽǺǡЦðƽҲû˸֣ҪԸڣλӭ
Ĳҿԭðģһ˲䣬Ϩøɸɾ
źüˣ벻ǣȻԼһֱŵţ򶫣ȻҪһүӡ
һţ򶫣Ȧһ죬һţ壡
ţЦЦǰԴЦ˵Ǻǣǰ׳ʵЩܺãǺǡӿɹ˰Ϊ㣬ҸǶ飬ææĸ˹ңˡ
һ죬Ͻ˵ţ壬ϣԲǶλˣˣλҵֵܣҶӣˣʲôãһûѹصģ˵Ĳ˵ģ˵ϣҲҪֲźá
ţ򶫸˵ͷʾ⣬ȻӴк˼Ǻѡ
үվЦЦ˵ˣԳؼ˵ʮǰ˵Ҫ֮ڣѩѾͷܻȥĻҾͲӣԣ֮ҾͰӸˡ
үӣֳۺζһתۿţ򶫶ڳ׹үҪӣţ򶫵ͬ⣬ҪȻţҲˡ
ȻүЦЦּ˵ҵõϢ˵ѾҰˣǺǡгرжͬҲԣҾٻһӣǺǡûͬ⣬˵һԲˡ
ţЦЦ˵Ǽӣԭֻ˵һЩɷݣأǱߵͦģæǺǣԣߵӣڿʼԼˣһУǱҿǷǳġ
ס⣬ţ򶫶ԼĶ飬ʵ޷ݣ飬ֻĬĬذˡ
ҲЦСֵܣЩ³çҵıϣϣ㲻Ҫƽϡ
ܹнգţ򶫡Ǿӹΰûһ棬˵һֻйɷݵӣҪСҲüͷ
˵ֵܾǼеխԣ˳ĵƤȹƵգ̿죬ǸһСС⣬Ǻǡͭǣϣ⽫ܹһ
룬ͻȻһүʵ˵үһʱͷҲǺܿԣôƷѣ¡
˵¶үӵЦЦлСֻˣ˼ϣһӶתֻҪҿ֧ǼҵĲҵźܿͻָ
үô˵ҲܹףүӱϾһͣ˵ˣںܶⲻ˾ִĵطڵľ̾Ӫģʽ˵˲Ϣ䣬ϹϾ飬ȻٲҪЩǼҿܹӭᳱ˵ĻǼҵʱҪָҲֻʱϵѡ
ЦֵܣôҾ˵ˣǸɶõ˲ţ˵죬ǶҪӣӦ˰ɡ
үӣĲԶɽţ򶫵һǺǵЦ
ʱĲ˼Զݺõ裬漸˻ϡ
ֻڶ˲ʱһʱȻЩˮ̵Ĳˮʱ䵽Ĳ˼ϡ
Ĳ˼ʱӴһָϽַŵߣסĴ
һţϽ˵Բ𣡡漴һĲ˼ܸоʹˣ


245 Լ
Ĳ˼΢΢üͷһۣҪǳһģֻ죬漴ֹʰ˲ˮ豭ͷˡ
Ĳ˼ıӰһʱЩ
ţ򶫺ǺǵЦǱߵ飬㻹ЩʲôҪһµģ
عһţ壬ӵ飬ǱţĲҵүӣҲʵڲ࣬Ȼţ嶼ˣûʲôˡ
ˬ죬ǺǡĲԶɽЦһ˵ǵСʱûа֮ڱ·ǱߵıÿһӣԣҰԭסӵǽȰ˹ȥԺǶˡ
һ·ǱߵıǿͭǮ˲סȥĵطĲԶɽ˵ǱжǿŵģңֱӾ˵Ƕˣһɣϼ˽ȥն
ֻ;ҪǽˣͺЩŤ
ĲԶɽЦЦ˵С㲻öǣô˵ɣǶҲͼǧѿǮѣϴҵǿűˮ飬ǼֵǺǣ˵һͣռôıˣο㻹ǼѾͷһССķӡǺǡ
ţЦЦĲҲǳĳģ˵Ƕ׼˵ģ͵пգһ£òĵˡ
ҲЦ˵֪ɲСˣңҲ֪Ĳֵһӣ˵ǲῴʣľһֵ룬ȻҲ壬ԣҪǲĻʲô˵ˡ
Ͻ˵ϣҿϲ˼ֻǡֻǣʲôûǡ֮
Ǻǡ£ǾͲ˵ˣǹȥĲԶɽ˶٣˵ѵüֵһ⼸λСѣҲȥʲôطһݡ
˵˰죬ʲôûȥϾӡҲýǮҲãûϵҲȥǣĲԶɽһ˵ҪԷ̾ˡ
ĲүӣǼһ᲻Ūó̫¥Ϻٺ٣˵Ӷ˿ˮ
ĲԶɽǺһЦ㻹˵պ̫¥ʦרŸϺ
̫¥뵽ˣӶ˳ӵʦǿĲԶɽȻ뵽
ĲԶɽ˾㶼ǵЦЦʵĲԶɽүţЩ˵Щʦһٷⶼƽ£飬ҲֻһŻС֡
ʱǼҿǵ˹ѩҲͷӼ˫˫ɳ
һǼҿǮƤЦǴӣٺ١˻ðɣ
ǼҿˣԼǵ˹ѩˣڻ;УѾƣ˵ͺõòˡ
ʵ˷ֶûСʱôʣȻǹĵ٣٩ĳɷ־Ӷࡣ
Ǽҿ΢΢˵ͷһûѹصģĵؾԲԣǼҿҲƽϡ
΢ĬһǼҿŶү˵үүһΣֵܡֵҳǱߵΣգеˣүү
үһǼҿɫһӱЩȥǸʲôżģҺˣԺȥˣ
ǼҿһʹϧĬĬĵ˵ͷã˵Բүү֪ˣ죬Ҿͻȥȥ
Լİãô˵һ޷˵飬ǶǼҿ˵Ѫ֮󣬵õģȻʲôûõ
ǼҿЩǷϡ
ĬãǼҿ˵СֵܣǼҿǷһ飬гһգ飬һỹġ
˶٣Ǽҿ˵һҪһԼҲһսɣ֮񡯵֤ݣԱԣ˭ܹҵҲӦս
΢һǼҿ˼һʱԼǲټȥʲô֮񡱵֤ˣáսԼ˸׶Ҫδ飬ȥ
ǼҿɬЦЦ˵Ϊڣʱ˭ҵ֤ݶ࣬ҵ֤ӮˣȻӮ˵ĻҲӮҿóʮΪͷӮˣʮڹ㣬Ҫˣ͸ʮڣҲӦս
˭֪һһ˵ʮڵĲͷ΢΢һ˵ǴӣҸҲûʲô첻ɵ£˵ģʮڣٺ١ֻǣ˵ƱҸ˶ˣҲղʮڣһҪӮ˵Ļǡٺ١
⻰˼ҪǼҿּۻۣʵϣȴҪҸɣܾǼҿս
ǼҿǸǮһ˽ȥƱؾͻһһ춫ֺУǼҿʮڿǮġͷˣ⣬ҲͲʲôˣûнˣʱҪ˵꣬һʱ䶼ãͻñǼҶĵز
ϾȥЩ£Ǯĳ̶ȣӿһĲ˵ֻһˣʮʱ䣬ȥǮǿɾǺüʮ
ٶȿǮӶ֮䵽ʲôĵز
ԣȻҪתĨǵܾǼҿս۰Ͱ͵ģⲻȥûӰӵĲͷ񾭲һ⣬һȥƱʵڡ
ǼҿЦһ£ӵĻÿɷ񣬶תͷ
үӳҲûǼҿϻؼǼҲҵү˵ѾǺܴջˣǼҿ֣ǼҵƺܿͻŤת
ңүҲףǼҿȷԼõʽǷݿɬҲƣûа취飬ڣǼҿԼʱ֮үӵǺϣ֮УǼҿܹ𽥵ת
㵽ʱǼҿ䣬ʮڵĲͷүӡǼ˵ʹеڣҲ㲻ʲô£οЩûӰӵ£ܲӮ᲻ȥǶֻǾ֮ˮ֮£ϼ顣
Ϊ˰ЩʧǼҿүӻ΢΢Ŀһ˵СǼҵ˵ĻֻһСӣֻҪ˵ˣǶհ죬㵣ĲܴʮڣǺǡʮһҿҪǽӮˣǾһڣΣ
һ£ү˵ǲɵģҲ˵ڿʼ֮УͱһڣҪôͱҵ㹻֤ݣ
ܹܲҵ㹻֤ݣ֤֮񡱴ڣӲ֪жǮҲ֪ܲһڣԱһøǼҿӸûס
֮ʲô֪ԣӾͲ˵ˡ
ӲǻүҲ˵ļˣҲ죬ĬĬע
գһʱ֮Щ
ã΢΢һ˵үӣǴ˵ģ޷ǸȤ⣬˵ͷʲôģǲҪҪǣҲȤҲǸģҾˣүӲĻ֮˫ʮڣΪͷ


246 
硭ӺǽĽһʱ䣬ʮڣֻΪˡȤ֡
Ӳ֪ǣһˣҲѽ⣬˵Ǭ˵Ĳ˼ʹ֢˵ѩ˵żЩľơ󣬡ʰżǡЩʼʽӴ֮񡱵ȵȣЩ⣬һӣסӶļӣһҪҿЩĿ
Ҫ˵Ǽҿս顢ģûǼҿҲǰԴ⣬ԺлĻһҪȥ̽Ѱ̽ѰЩյףԼĺ֮ġ
áĲԶɽүӡţ򶫵һƣΪĺкá
ãǰƺˣһ˻ˣĲֵܣ磬£ЩǵˣҲ԰帣Ǻǡүһ߻ƽкãһ߸и˵
սԼӦǼҿǿ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ȼǽ꣬׿ڰ¶ӦˣҲͲ˵ʲôһ˿ɳƵһҲԡ
Ĳ˼кҵò͡
ٷ֣ĴϺֻʱ£Ҳǿ˼ڣ˵ԱˣȻһ˷԰ε
Ĳһ԰󣬵ɽʯᾣ滨ݶ࣬һȣ˹Ϫ򼸿̲ƺ棬˱ǣĿ貼֣ܿӪ԰֮˵ĸš
εһĲ˼͸ӱ˹ȥ˹˹ʵϴôһֱûûС㣬𣿡
Ĳ˼翴һӣҪǰһǳģû뵽һڣȴǺƽ˵ȷѾˣˣһЩø㡭
ҲŶǸѩһЩӴûģ
ʲôأȲʵ
Ĳ˼絭˵ģһֽֽʲôҾͲ֪ˣģһֽУʲôûҲ֪
һֽ룬淢ԸҲʾ֭Ĳ᲻һţҪǾͺˣҪȻ뺯ʲôҲ٣ѾһõĿˡȻõģһֽ֧ƱһģҪȻʮҲС
ЩӸǼͣߴĲ˼磬ܸܲϽģóԼ
Ĳ˼еЦЦӣԹԵ뿪԰Ҳ֪Ķȥˡ
Ĳ˼㵸ֽ£Ĳ˼ֲҾֱ׷˼ҲţֽһҲֻü԰
ãҲӣ˲ٵľƣЩ⣬·ЩŤŤġ
һӣһɾЦ˵ӡͲáٸҸˡ
ˣʲô˼Щ⧲˵ʵԼܽ췹ԣҲûϹ׽ġֵܡȻʱʱ̿˶ڰ죬Ϊ˴˶ѶԷֵܣҲŻ޹˼ɣȻ֮Ҫˣһʱ֮䲻֪ʲôطֻǴһ
Ƭ̣Ӳų˳ӣ¶һ˼˰Ц˵磬ףߵʲôطе˶㣬ңֻֻͷСٺ٣Ҳֵ֪ܣܹʵģǺǡûϵҲ֪ûвɢϯ仰ҡҡҲǸߵʱˡ
˵ţһЦٺЦЦָϽͷȥѾҪᡣ
۾Щ룬Եú˷ܣӣ˵˵ʲô˵ô
תͷٺٵĸЦ˵磬һȥǮܶǮȻ󣬵ȥߣ̤ɽ󴨣Աζ
ã־ҲôġӣĿӣ˵
ǿסһĳʹЦ˵ϰ壬ʱĹʡٺ١Ȼ࣬ǽеңôҲܳϼ챥
ȥ㻹Ҫʣϰ塭һƿӣܲĿӣ˵ҪʣûУϰ壬زʹ죬ĹʣûˣҪǵóҲɡ
ҧҧ촽ᣬȴЦЦԼҲʮʱ䣬Ҫ㹤ʣȷҲû٣˵Ҫͣʮ죬ֵһһٿҲûʲôν
ָֻ˵ʱ䣬жٹʣҸǧһ˼ҪˣںǼǧѿǮĹʣҶ˲˰
һ㶣ʵʲộϡ磬ѻ˵
ЦЦŤŤһѣ˵ղţڷϣү˵ˣһΣˣ˵㣬ס㣬Σʱ̣ˡǼҿһѣԣҪлл㡭
˵ţһһŴӿڴһſ˵үӸһȫſ棬㣬ٺ١ӣϲ㡭ϲ˰̵С
ۡӾȻһӶȥڵϡۡĺ
飬ԭЩЩˣпģӣһԻ󲻽⡣
˺һӲվһѴп˹һ£ϸϸĿһ飬Щɻһ򣿶棿㲻ҿ̵ġ
ĿӣסĵͷͷЩˡ
ҿҲǰˡӲͷˣҸʵ̫ͻȻЩС飬һʱ֮伸ܲסĴ̼ڻ԰ﲻסֱֽ֣ѣֳݣ֦úõһ԰ʱ㱻ӸһƬǽ塣
ӷ˷һ㣬ڣҲǸɴһɣ˫˫һ죬˸ġ֣ϵĸƶ䣬סĺٺɵЦ
һֱھϰӣҲΪһǮˣֱӾ͸ǮӸǶӣԼ˵ûʲô塣
иջҲŻϧջڣƾԼڿˡǮˡУΪӸˡ
ƾԼŬõĲƸĲƸȻΪӸˡ
ڵˣҲ˲ɵߣһ߻סĻпһߴУҿԭ̾ô򵥡ҿԭҲпܳΪ̡
ϵİƣٺЦʵӣǮ˵ĸоôǲǺˬ
ˬˬˣˡҿпһ£ֲϵĻ
ڴӳ֮ѹʵ磬ǰ˵ҿԲˣʲô˼
һ˫Դ棬۾˵ʲô˼㻹ûҵ˼˵ǮˣЩǮȥɵ£ò´ˣⶼ̣
ץץԴֿ˿пһҧпϣ˵磬Ļſջȥ
һҲпĿӣô£ӣ㲻һֱҪϰ̵ô֡
ӺٺٵЦ˵һĴǣӽԺֵֵ𣬺ߺߡɲҪǮ


247 
ʵʵû뵽ֻǮһ顰ͨͭǮܻ޼֮ӣ԰޿֮ʱȻֱ֡
Ƭ̣̽˵ӣһֽ𣬶ңͷ˼һѣ˼ҴлģǮʲôԣĲҪ
ӻվ磬Ǯȴûֵܣ˵һ򣬾һǧһڣʲô˼ǮҵȻҪҸҪǡֵܡǡݡ飡û㣬ʲôǣʲôûУ
ǹ¶ĸĸҲȥ磬˶ǹ¶ǡǡΪ˶ǹ¶Ҳܵۡ裬κʱԼ׵ܹԼվһЯͬˣԣ顱֣ȷûκζԴ档
˽ͷü꣬Ҫ˺ܶ࣬Ȼλһˡô˵ҲͲˡ
ᵽ顱֣Ҳ̲סЩʪ˺һ˵ӣҪĻԺһˣֵܣ
Ӳ˲ۿ⻹࡭
˵ţһִп˻ٴпźصˡ
źп̧ͷ˵磬ֵܣԲԡ
顱ֵļУ΢΢˵ͷԣ
յǰ˵о仰ֵˡǷҵĹʡ㿴
ֵҿ⡮ֵܡȻȷ鶼죬ǲǣ
ţҪȥӡ
һ߶ܣһߴУ硭⵱ϰģ˿۹˵Ĺʣ㻹˲ǡ
磬ҾҪ˿Ĺʡ
һ֦Ȼ£һ͵ָͣ˵컯֮£ҺΪбڴˣҪ
ڻ֦ժ˼使޵СȣϺеͶҪȻ㳢ҵժҶɻ
һʱ֮䣬֦ӻ䣬ڻ԰˸ɹ
ס֡ڸʲô֪ʲôʱĲ˼ص˻԰һۼ԰ݲеһƬǽ岻˵ֲ֣ѣʱüͷȵ
֡ڵˣһ㶡
ĻϽͷмҶĴӻվҲǴһŻϡ
һ˪Ĳ˼磬һӶɵۣٿ԰ӵĲ֦Ҷ˸һƤ񣬾ǰԴһؿҪˡ
ľ⣬̾һ룬̽ͷһĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ֻ档
ϡϴ󡭡ԡԲҡҺȶˡľս˵
һˣĲ˼һʮ죬ΪĲ˼˪Ϊ˾ЩƤ֮࣬ⲻöĲ˼ǰͽᣬһ·϶ǡϴϴ󡭡Ľţصͭǣһʱ֮Ҳû취Ŀڹ
Ӷ˵ϴ󡭡Բ𡭡Ҹ˵ùͷ˷裬ϴ󡭡д˲С˹
Ĳ˼һͷߣߵǰһֱ֣ӾͰץԼȥ
ӣŭ֮£Ĳ˼ҪˣֻǽŻָոջ·ΪԼļԣȻҲûϡ
ûŭ֮£Ĳ˼Ť֣һƨϡ
Ӵϴ󡭡ҵ֡ҵ֣ˣӴҵƨɡ
Ĳ˼Ť֣ݺݵƨţ޺޵˵һһҪҪ˵ӣôȥүү˵
һԣҪȥȴֲңûʲôȱɰ⣬˫ֱסĴСеϴ󡭡ϴ󡭡ⶼҵĴҪˣҰɡ࣬Ҳʹ
Ĳ˼ŭû¶ĶҴĶȥ
ƨţĲ˼ȵ㻹С
治ҽˣĲ˼ץֱ֣Ĳ˼ƨɣȻһ˺üţҲδؾжʹСһƣҲǺĲ˼
ֻʱĲ˼ƫƫжˣԾ֪װǻơ
ʱԶԶأĲԶɽЦһЦһ˵ֵܣϸ治ҴţꡮСҶ߽ǲ衯˵ң٣ֳģҲָ˻ſֵܡϸ۸ˣ
ӦϯѱϣĲԶɽ˳žˣһ͡
ĲԶɽĲ˼һͣſ˵ϽģǱܣ
ûüѹǱߣĲԶɽͷ쳣ϸһĲ˼硢վǱߣңĲ˼˻رĽƫƫĲԶɽǶȿȥĲ˼״ȣԽ׳ĲԶɽɫһɺڣɺڱϣֱ˰ɫ
ϸһ԰ӵĻݲݣ߰㣬һƬǽ壬ĲԶɽʱͻ˹ȥ
ĲԶɽүӵˣȻǰһжȻҶǹ˺üʮˣǸһ˶̲סֱӡ
ðΣĲԶɽؿʹ£һ˹ָĲ˼磬ͬһ㣬еѾͷǡǡô¡
û˵꣬ĲԶɽһҵĿԣȻǼŭӡ
Ĳһ԰ĵε·ָ죬ܣҲûضοĲԶɽںˣʱҪܣȻѾˡ
ĲԶɽƨɺ滹һȺˣĲ˼縴һץסһϥ䣬ߵòſڵϣȻ̧ͷĲԶɽ˵үү쵰ȶ˾ƣܵƷ裬Ҹסˡүүһ䰮Ļܣҡжһ첲㡭
ƺȶ˵ˣھƾ֮£һЩ£ԲǱˣƫƫǰȰȾƵ˵УĲԶɽ֡캦񹲷ߡҲֻ˵ĲԶɽֿˡ
ǿ̧ͷҪ˵һ仰Ĳ˼ϸᣬֻǰڵϣʵүүһ̫ɶˣҽжһ첲˼ҳҪߵĻұߵģϷ
ĲԶɽ԰Ӳ֦Ҷлǿ϶ҲŵġСҶ߽ǲ衱ǱƤǣͺͺľʣ¼֦⣬ĲԶɽʹݺᡣ
ֻǣΪǱԼȰƵģǡüֵڳֿĲ˼簴ڵϣӾǱĥ˹ȥһ㣬ĲԶɽ̾һ
ãĲԶɽ̾Ϣ˵Ѿͷ񣬸ϽſС
˶٣ֲź˵̰͵ҽԺȥһ£˼ûУУλֵҲͻȥ
үүôŹˣ
ĲԶɽһʹϧ˺һ˵ҪˣĲҶҪʸĲԶɽ˼ʮ꣬Ҳ͡Ҳһ⡭
£飬үӡţ򶫵һǼȻһΣƫƫοĲԶɽĻû˺˼ǰ˵һ䣬Ҳ˼ȥֹĲ˼硣
վһԣոҪ죬ȫԼŪģĲ˼ϽһߺȵӣүүŹǣҲŹǣĲҵĶҪôռ⳥Ҫô£Ҵ԰һֱָԭ״Ϊֹ򡭡
ĲԶɽȵѾͷ㻹ʲôϽ͵ҽԺȥҪ˼ңҿô


248 
Ĳ˼糶קϣӸ˴ţһ·ȣֱĲԶɽŷſ
ˣһΣҲҶ˵һ
˴ţĲ˼ͷ˿û˸ֻͷŭ֪׼Žүү˵һµģȴֳô£ǲǣ
һãŴ治ǹģǸˣһˣ͵ˡ
ں棬ҲǼΪε˵ϴ󡭡ոնҲã治硭
ס죡Ĳ˼һ漴ڴͣӦ׼ȥԿ׳ǣ·ͻȻԿҲûϣңҪǸܵĻͷҡ
ԴСף˵ܣܡ
Ĳ˼˴ţָӣŭҺˣϡͿģûȾƣΪʲôͲֹңУǲǣ
ӺǲмǼ軨ݲô´ΣٵǼңһңܰôţ
һ´Σ´ΣҪ´Σҵһ㡭Ķӣ㬵˵
ӺٺٵһЦҾͰϴʰ㣬´Σ´һһΣҾһΡ
˶죬˵˵Ҫ
Ĳ˼ֽӣһţˣʵ̲סðһҪ˵ĳ嶯
Ĳ˼ſӵĴȣҲſϣһĲ˼ϵӡ
Ĳ˼ص̾һŰѺӵݵǰ˺ӣԼתȥ
ֽϣüǺűд֣һһӡ
ӽӹԼǸӣȲĴ棬ŵһŶŵֽ˺ӣֽŴ򿪣ֻֽдһ֣ӣǸ绰롣
ѩ绰ʲôãҲû룬СĽֽպˣȥĶ
ĺЩأ治֪װʲôƫƫ򿪣ӺǼʣҶһģƾʲôĶô࣬Լģֻһֽ
˵䣬ҪҺʱĲ˼翪˳ӣͣǰ
ҪһģĲ˼ȴҪԼߣӿ˿һ
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Ĳ˼ѳͣһƽǰѳϨ˻𣬵˵ˡ
źӣ򿪳ţո³ÿɣϼӱ
ʮûɣϼˣէһ֮£˶ʮ˷ܣһУϼһȴеϼ㡭
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һ̣ͻȻã־Υ˵ġؼҡĸоͻȻֻˡ
һͷʱ֪ʲôʱĲ˼Ѿˡ
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Ȼѩ˽û죬ţ򶫾͸˻һĻүӡĲԶɽˡ
ɣϼʶţ򶫣ȴϵõģĲԶɽ֣ɣϼ׹Щ˵ţ統̣еɣϼ˵һ飬޷Ҳӱţ򶫵ģ׼Ҫ֮ģĶȴɣϼ˹ͬļ֮£ȫ棬Ȼת˵һĲֿɣϼͱʱõ
ĲԶɽүӡţ򶫵˲֮·ޣͱеĻҲͲ˵ˣֻĲһ԰һڣʱ򣬿ո¡ȫĺҾ߼˽ﶼǾǸѡ
˵Ĳһ԰ڵòҲ̶ãɣϼҲֲ֣Сˣȥôĵ£ǵģˣǰɲģ˵ǲӰ̻˵ġ
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ſɳһʹĴɳӣһߴСԩԼһƴİԼ
ɣϼҲ̹ӵĺ˵˵ǿʶһ㡱ݣ˸Ͻȥϴ裬һ·϶ʲôζˣ
ϴ裬·û뵽˲ԼͬĶһѧװңǱȽϾɵһס
ǲںʲô·ȴҡͷԵЦ˵ϱ˳˵ɼףǸƶʱգҲ
ȴһɤӣ˷ܵ˵һʱ䣬ǵܲӪҵֱ
һԺɻʵ磬һʱǶûⰡûʲô⣬ңӶ˸ˣҵ
һͦŭһӣϰ彲ʲôҪϰĽҡҿ㹤ʡ

񡭡ɣϼЦ
һͣȻŷǳϰ塱˵ҵǾ˵ǵԱŬˣԣҾµĹʣǰǣ⣬ÿ˽һ飬⣬ȥɣ裬ȻȥǳԻ͡
ʣȻǼ˸˵£ֻǣ˵һʱ䣬ûʲô⣬ȥһˣ˺üʮֽ˵ûܻŻ
ǺܸˣڿɣϼѾʼתˣǰϲᡱԼҲΪԸɣϼԼļ˵һӣǡšǸɫɣϼЩת䣬Ǹ˵顣
Ȼһ˳ȥ˺üʮֽ𣬵ǣⶰ̾ҪġԼҵ¥ô˵Լ׬ˣ
˷ܵ飬ʵ˵£Լһ˳ȥ˸ǬȻԼ֪ȷʹ÷ܵ˵ԼǾԼġ
ȥһˣİĶ׬׬׬˸üǮٿͣѾǡġˣ
ɣϼ֪Ǯ죬ֻҪѪпܻᷢʡͣҲѼ߲ˡ
ӣһáʡԺк˷ܾͲ˵ˡ
˵ģһȥһɣ裬Ȼǻǣ˻ʱȥһӰصʱѾ賿㡣
ʹǹ賿㣬ȴһ˯ҲûУ̫˷ˣ
һڷһڴϣѩԼֽ˳
ֽӣһѩһҲаʱ䣬һ˵ûʲô飬ǾǼٵģֻǵѩȴ˸Ƕǲ⡣
үӱƵúܼкߣҲδؾͻǣѩֻһӡ
ҧ˺һ󣬲ش򿪺ӣװŵģһ۵ĺ£
֮˵£Ϊڿģһܱü͸ֻµĳССֻ߰СӲܴЦЦѩ͸Լô͸Լһ£


249 
˫СС£Եֻܲһ±쳤࣬ǿһҲûб䱡
֮£ϸĿһ£ֻһ֮£һ˵ķ֡
£ðһɲסתɫϢ͸ԼѩϿϢһģһ֮ϢʵѣҲ˵£ʵһ޼֮
֮£ԼѵùģȻ££Ȼ΢һ£Ͱ´ϣ²ŴϣΪˬоĴڣþǣ´ϣȻԼƤһһڴһ쳣
ܿƽκζϢһֱû취ԼϻʲôϢ´ͿԼһɫϢǣûܹסĵطȴɰϢҲ
һȴֺȻ뵽ѩԭҪ˵ģÿһζֻѩѣ¶ļȴûһ˺ۣ˵ѩֵĹѵΪ
뵽̲סֺ´Ҫһԣֻ￴һȦûʲôĶ顣
ҪȥҰѵʲôģһתۣԼӣģҪǳȥһʲôˣȲҪ˵߾
ҪȥҲô·٣Ҳô˯°ɡ
ɵǣǰû˯˯־ô˯˯鷳ԣûʲô˯£Ҫǰ촩ס
ֻһףְһԼޱԼġǬ˵еҪǹҲҵõ
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һϲǬֱڱϣһʱ֮䣬Ǭ߲ϢʢͬһʺһѤá
ԭǳһɣճյţãֲԼԭҪµģôء
£ţǬӦеģôһ룬һѲصͳԼϡ
ƾճֵģǬĶ
ôٴסˣѵǬ뱦ǳͬһңǬ뱦໥֮䣬һصܹ
ãǬöһֱһΪ֮ͷʹ⣬ңԴǴλ֮䣬ǬͻȻһӽĶȫȥһ֮󣬾Ҳûֹˡ
ҲԹ˺üΣȴǲҪ죬ڣǬ뱦һҪһѵȻľͳһѵѵȷĴǬȡķ
뵽һΣ£ѲصŻصǬھ۾ţԼҪһѵ
ֻһΣƾճģȻһשԼҪõĲص
һʲôط˲ӣש˻ȥץץԴٴĬԼҪѵ
ͷԼֶһһװúܺõ
ҿһȻװܺã˱ʣǰˣ棬Ҳռÿռ䣬Ȼ֪ǬﵽװٶǰûõĶװ棬Ȼ˷ѡ
ѹ˱ڵӽͰٴĬҪһѵ
ǣģɲǵһѻǯӣ
ǯڵϣﶼҪһѵҪһѵҪһѵ
Ƭ̣ӡɽ䡢סţɡӡƱӡνײ衭Ӱ˵ĶͱһأƫƫûҪġ
˰Σ϶һѶЩŭʲôǬҪʲôʲôҪȴǲϳҸǰɣߣҾҪҪҪҪ
߶ÿ죬ĶҲֵÿ죬ȴûһҪĵĴףʳǰѲصȴɡƾʧһ㣬Ҳûֹ
ȴǲܲˣֻܱ۾һֱ߶ȥţϵĶȥˣֻҪжֱӾˡ
ãҲκζˣǰ˼˸һӰͬһĶ
ǬٲˣڵЦЦǰɣˣٺ٣㻹
˵ţǬתǬ׶죬ֻǬҲûбһ
ԭĶȡˣ
Ҳû˶˼⣬ǰѲصأôôˣ
ĿƣҪһѶҳ𰸣ֻһһѶʹİһ⣬ҪôЩŪȥ
ȥȥͼǴһǬĿӴ򿪣ಡһϵĶͻһӱȥ
ΣʧˣңʧܵúܲңôŪǬǲʹ
һһȥǬȻʹҧгݣȴһԭǬһЩ
ҪġõģŻصǬҪģǱ˵ʳʲôȫŵһߡ
һŻǬĶҲͲԭ֮һ
ЩûǰѲصǾȣǰѲص׵ĶȥˣѵԶĶŻȥ֮󣬾Ҳˣ
Ż飬ǬǼҪǽгһ£Ȼûˣʲô
Ϊ֤뷨һ˱ڵʳŻǬȻĬҪʳȡͷʱʳȻٴγϡ
һΣʳɳ֣ԣͬˡ
гַŻȥٽгٷŻȥһʮΣ˴ˣֱǰ԰顣
ڰ԰飬ǰĲصΪʲôֻܳһأЩ㲻ˡ
ѳζǣʾ֭ҪŪ⣬ǵ᲻ʳʲͬԲŻˣ²ܿͱԼƷˡ
һѽʵĵɽʵ飬ܿ㷢ǬΪʵزͬ޴Ľ
ץ񣬲صˣԼҲԭ򣡶ңץģһԭǬöܷܿݣֻҪͷĶͻϣóĶû취ϴһԶȥ
⣬ЩȻ
һ󣬽Ҫ˵ЩѼһ£õʱɣϼʰʱֻС֡
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˯ţǺӴ򿪣Ȼһֽ滹мкǾ֡
ϸ֮£ԭѩһš
˵£ѩڿϿ淢ֵģ£һּΪصĹáϣԵܶ˺˵ѩֵĹʵȫ¡
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ֻѩ˵Ĳ룬µĹãӦԶԶˣڣѩûعȥ飬ǰǼҿ͸¶ҪǼҿδġҵȥǵİȫԣѩʱͽ¡衱
ѩ˵£Ϊֹ֪ˣѩԼʣԣѩǧҪõ֪⽫һΣյ飡
ĳһѩ


250 ٰһæ
ѩԼţҡҡͷԼǬҲǸһƴǸϹӣҲԼ֪ǣǸϹѾˣڣ֪Ǭ˾ʣԼˡ
ãѩôˣͬʱҲӽԺǬܣϣֻԼһ֪ԲԼ֮κһ֪
ţӣǬϵˣһ㣬ԼĲϣֻһ۴һСƲӣǵǰεŤҲǲпһ۾Ϳó֮
ӣǰ϶ǲɣ룬ִһ㣬ȻǬ䣬ΪӲ˲ע⣬ҲῴóֻǬҺã˼оͬǲá¶һ·ͻȣһԿף¶ˡ
ôõıȴûӴʱʱ̴̿ϣ룬Ҳѹġ
ã֮пװµĺӣͻȻ뵽ⱦµĵǷڱɡ
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쳣סѣþһпõĶǬҲûܵ
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û뵽ǣֻҪͷ𴦣ȻǰһҪʲôͻԶԼϡ
ΨһЩЩǣŻȥ֮ʱҪŵ棬ܱǬȥ
еᣬƽ˵Ѿǲ˼ˡ
˷֮࣬ɻصϣⱦ¡Ǭ֪֮䣬Ժ˹ȥ
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һڴϣӴУ硢磬졭
һУһϽۣʵʲô£
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˸֧֧ģ˸ڣһ£ӣô磬Ҫʲôȥ
ֺǺǵ˵⼸죬ûӣǳпգȥһˡ
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磬һΣҪ˵һΣԺһʱҪȥŪȥһΰɣ硭
ѣ˵ûºúõĿ鲻аҪȥץԣСĳ㣬ǵġ
ǰ硭˵飬˵ǰûǮʱŸɵ£Ǯˣ˭ȥ¶Խ
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ӳһ˯࣬˿ӹʳüЦŶ˵ЩأǲʺǮ˳ˣҰЩûõĶȥɨɾ򡭡ٺ١
ץץԴ˵ҪҰʰӣðɡԲʳԣʰɾȥꡣ
£ҪʰһѶ˵ҲҪһСʱպãܹ˯
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̾һԭҪϹȥģǳ͵ģҲ֪Ҫĥ䵽ʲôʱ
˻ͣ屻ˣɣϼţһ˾ȻĲ˼
Ĳ˼ûɵ̾һʮǰɣϼ˵Ĳ˼ҹԼüΣû뵽ʮ죬ְ˼ңȾû˯Ĳ˼
üͷʵ첻˫հô㲻Ͽˣ
Ĳ˼ʣһҺ죬Ƭ̣Ž˵ȷ˫գĲ˼ٹģʮǰҹģֻһֱڣϻؼң֪Ѿһ͸Ϲˡ
мҪҰæ̾Ϣʵ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˵죬Ƿµ꿪ŵӣΰصͬѧ׼ֳһЩɷݽĿȵ˵Ļ
Ҫȥ£̲סʵµ꿪ţȥݽĿˣضʲô°
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˴ɣϼ¶ɣϼ׼ʲô
ɣϼһ죺Լ°׼ʲô֪
룬黹˵ǧѿǮܸ㶨ֻǽ컹һѵļԼʲôҲû׼һʲôȥμӼء
Ĳ˼˵ǱߣѾ㱨˸ҪμӼĶҲѾ׼ˡ
˵ţĲ˼ȡһֻĽкӣ򿪣װŵģȻĲ˼ǿűˮ飡
ȥμӼʧ
ӼĲ˼һСʯ̲סЩ˵μӼ붼ϰǧĶСʯͷȥⲻ˼Ц˵ţ統ûʲôõó֣ҿʯͷȥĳ
ֹסӼ˵˼ȥıˮ飬ֵ붼Ǻüڣʯͷ飬㲻ϣȥ򼣬ɵ˰㡭
ӵ۾һӵɵñȼ󣬾ڡҵѽⲻҪĶô
һС֡ĹˣҲȥƽϣĲ˼ԼμӼְԼ׼˱ˮ飬Ĳ˼ôΪʲô
ǰҲʲôȥ룬̾ͻĲ˼ҪӦһʱѾ˲٣οĲ˼һݡͷѾնϵøɸɾ飬ȻҪúõһ¡


251 Ҫ
˰ΣĲ˼ôصĶĲүү֪ô
Ĳ˼漴˵ͷ˵ˮ鱾ĲԶɽĲ˼ģֻڼֵ̫߰Ĳ˼ɼ֮ǰĲԶɽҪΪܡ
⻰ҲĲԶɽ˵˵ǽҪűˮΪĲ˼ƣ˼ȷҲĲ˼ģĲ˼óĲԶɽ֪֪ҲֻܵĲ˼ǰʹ˰ɡ
ʼվŷΰĲҶԱˮ鶯ֽŵĻ棬ңһ־ڱصõӣǲ
ȻˮֵǵıվѾĲ˼ģҲ˵Ѿţ統Ķ
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Ĳ˼ϵɫã˵ܴӦһ£űˮ飬Ҿ͸㡭
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ܷ㡭ܷ㡭Ĳ˼Ͻ˵飬Ҫڿֳϵġ
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̬ȣĲ˼һӾúƣѵڲϲԼˣǰһֱ͵͵İԼİ
ֻҪϰңűˮҶԸ㣡Ĳ˼ɣȴֺȦ˵
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ʼ磬ЦЦҲұ˰㰡һҪңҵ޷㣬ҲûӰ㰡
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Ĳ˼һڻʵҪʲô£
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ЩҲЩˣңҲôҪǱˣͻúõĿǿ˰æǲֵãϧǣĲ˼˵һڡ
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ӸɣϼһüͷĲ˼ԼʲôǸΰְԼʲô
Ĳ˼۾˺һ󣬲˵ʵΰֻ˵ҪȥǸԼģ԰ɣ
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Ĳ˼̧ۣɣϼ˵ǣѾ˷ãҲԸǮܶܶǮ
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ڱžž˼°ƣȻ˵ããáҲǷӣʰʰһȥǸȥ
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治ȥʵ
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⻰Ҳ˵ùˣһһ񱨳꣬ˡ
˵꣬ͷҲص¥ȥʰԼ
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һ˵ˣһ㣬ɣϼ֪úңΪϰ塱ҲãʲôҲãɣϼȥʳԶʵˡ
ȻӦҪĲ˼һȥ


252 1
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ص䣬΢Լһ£¥ɣϼԼЩ˽Ʒڶŵʲôطȥˡ
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ԣɣϼ̾һұķӦ
˱ЩƵȻȥ磬ųȥǿǼȷС£ΪʲôԼĳȥ
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Ӳ˵Ǯ˹Ƣ࣬Ƣ滹١
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£ҲӦӦֽһ⳵˾͵֣ڹֹһЩʱ䣬ȥҲ١
·ҪһСʱȴֻ˲һӣ㵽˹ֿڣкӾ˳ѣ߳⳵˾
ţһʲôʱôˣ˸ʮ鳵ѣҪ˾ˣʱ磬⳵ѣӦǲ÷ãԱİɣٺ١Ǯȵϣͷһҡ
⻹Ҫ۾Щ̣ԴǵĶ˵붼Ҫ룬ҿҪ·ģߣʮǮҲҸҪ
̿˵簡ǮȻںǮˣ˵һǮǻǮҪ͸ң
÷ѣҲԣǻֻϣҪһóֵģҪǮһ̣Ǵö졣
¶һӣû˵
ȻԹԵȥϵЩ̯ӡ
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ģˣǱʶһ֣Ǽ©ֱȥ򣬸Ͳʲôԡ
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253 2
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254 û
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ֻ˵仰ԼҲ˸࣬ڼ֮ǰ漣¼ʮǮҲȷʵʮ֮һ
ü궼һֱԼʱǼ˸©ץץԴƬ̣ʵôһܡֵ١
仰ֺǺڣôһƷֵǮԼģԼѵû׶
֣ȻֻǵЦЦ˵һĶֻǿ˵İˣҲ
ĬĬպǷװӣȻͷһԲϷ̨
˵Ѽĳ֮£ֵ󣬵ֻҪ涫㶪һƷɾİˡ
ԣϷ̨ӣȺＷ˳ͷҲصˡ
һμ飬е˶ʱⲻЩΣһʱ֮ЩͳϽŻͲЦЦ˵λѣʵҲԼղصĶֵĸߵͣҪǣڽϲڲ룬顭棬͸衭
θ裬ǡˡֶԼŵģϲӡӦǷӿŵľ
졢߿ŮԱϷװˣΪոһƷ˵һ˿ƣȾ𽥿
վߵǸӣԼٵˣһ߸ŴӣһߺߺŸʣ϶ʱһƬ졣
ʱĲ˼ߵǰһϷ̨ȥһߣȻں׷ᡣ
˵Ą̊́ʵͲΧɵһһĿռ䣬滹߰˸жױװ
һʮŮˣһϷװĲ˼˽ɵüͷ
Ą̊́ܵʲôŮ˲ôʵ
ԲλǼΰǡĲ˼һ˵
ΰģŮϵɫ漴΢һЩ
ʱΰҲ˽һŮˣʵãҪĶ׼𣿡
ΰã˵ͷ漴ʵΰôǡ
ΰתͷ˿ˣЦЦ˵ãµЩˣǴƣҿɲͶǣԣԼ˴
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ʱ˶׹ԷҵĲƣΪʲôŶȥ룬ֻһֶӣԭֻΪˡˮѣ⣬ƷΰҲ˵Եá
Żߵ̨þͲ˵ˣΰ϶ų̂Ļˣͷΰӣߣ̨ͬҲֻǡ
ΰڨڨЦЦȴк˸Ͻ׼һ¡
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ΪӦĲ˼ҪϡԳԷΰǸĳ⣬Ҳܱ˰Լʲôӡ
ױŤͷ˿ֻһۣʱ̲סٺٵЦϣһֳŮͷϻ̫ŲŴİͷ
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Ȼ֪ΰĽĿʲôݣǣƾŸĻױͲѿΰһ޼ɵĶ⡣
Ĳ˼һˣϽӦҵģҪȻҪȻϣȥһ١
Ĳ˼һûɵĲ˼硢ѩŮӣƬ̣ҧҧ˵òҼȻӦ㣬˵ҵҲˡ
˶٣̾һ˵˼ĹϵֻҾãΰС̫˼صĿǿǡ
Ĳ˼һ죬Ƭ̣˵ǼʶԲԣ
ҡҡͷĽҲãҲãЩҶһͨѵҸɣԸţ߸Ҳֻ㡣
Ĳ˼Ȧһ죬ƲƲ죺ϲģǶΪǴģֹͣңң治֪ҵʲôطǣǶҪҹȥүүүү˵ҪҡߣҲ
˵棬Ĳ˼ƺ˵ЩˣֻǵͷˮΡ
ٴ̾һתͷȥкӡ
ʱ洫һǹȵĺȲʣӦѼϳ˺ö
ͷͷкöǲԼʵԼݺ͵λĿ֮£óһֵϰĶһҫ
Թ۵˼ʹӵôصĶܹһϡ䣬ҲĪ۸һۺõĶķһȲʣҲȻ
ĺȲʣһѾɵϷ̨ǰ棬˵ʵļ˵ǿԴ漳ȡĻᣬϧǣȴǣں̨ʧȥЩᣬҲ˵Ҫŷΰı˭ﶼù
Ĳ˼һĮȻҧҧ촽˵ֻҪΰңұ֤ӽԺ󣬾鷳㣬ǣϣһΣһҪҡ
ҡҡͷҪԼĲһ԰﷢裬˶ǷĲһ飬һĲ˼ңҲֱӾͻܾ
Ϊ֣ÿĲ˼һΣĲ˼ͻݽȥһ֣ҲĲ˼ڷΰǰֱӾȥңԽԽֱ԰Ρ
ڣĲ˼˵һ֮󣬾Բ鷳΢΢һӽԺ˼ĻûˣԼĲ˼Щô
Ĳ˼겻ѵʱǰϷ̨֮ϴ棬ǵ̨Ĳ˼ΪҴһ׾ǧžӭ
ԭĲ˼Ҫݵģǳ裬һ˶ǧž
˵ʵǧž׸裬ȷϱҲȷƾ䣬ǣΪĲ˼֮£ѡ׿Ҫʱľ䣬Ҳ֪Ĳ˼иԼʷҪ򷽼ΰʲô£Ĳ˼סǧžһжԵôʱˡ
Ĳ˼תͷ˿΢΢ҧҧȦƬ̣ǰ̨
Ĳ˼ıӰεҡҡͷͻȻ֮Щ


257 ̨ͬ
Թ˭飬鵽ض˼پضУĲ˼ɬԹͨͲƮĶ
ƮĲֻǸд˷Ŀк
Ĳ˼òףԽֱװɡˡġǡȻܹӮ˵Ľкá
Ӷ̲סĴָ˵Ըԭһģһңһû취˵ζٺ٣Ҫָ˯ҶԸѹ
ȴǴζƿζӳ£Ŀޣô
ʱױķΰֱߵǰ
΢΢̧ͷȥΰ˵ΰǾĻױģͳӢʱһΪİɫװҪ˵Ůӣһʱðһʶٷ硱
ٿԼ˵ͣ˵ˣǾԽеģû˵ģԳΰ湫ӵķȡ
ﶼ˸һɻ⣬ΰЦЦλ˼ķϣһΣó׵ҵ׼ûУ˳Ҳüҵϣǿ˼Ϊѵġ
⻰ʵ¶ţǺԵҪЮ˵˼֪ΪĲ˼󣬲ŴӦΰģȴ˵Ĳ˼Ϊѣǵ˱˻ԡ
ȻðŻ𣬵ȴĬԼӦĲ˼ҪʳԷڣȻ־Բɷΰֻһʱ֮䣬벻ʲôȫİ취ԣӾƵҪҲֻĬ
һʵ֪ѧҪݵʲôݣ֪Ҫݵݣʱ»ֲܺܺõϣǾӰѧݵЧ
ΰЦЦº͵˵ʵҪݵĽĿܼ򵥣ǼħҪǾһôôܹ˷ЦǾô
ѹסգʵҪݵûһЩѶȺܴѧָܾܲһ¡
ΰĵ˵ʵܼ򵥣̨֮󣬾ֱţװһ׳վͿˡ
̲סŭװ׳վܹ˷Цôôûʡ
ӻû˵꣬߹˵װ׳ôˣôûˣ׿׿ʦıݣܹ˵ûʣʦʦݾ˵ûʣ㣬ܹ뾡һа취ֹڣùڿģһԱõʣҪʲôɫȫǸݾ籾ŵҪһ仰Ҫ㣬̨ܹһչԼسĻᣬȫΪΰȡ㰮ȥȥ̨һԼ˶ǣᣬһء
룬ֹҪӣ˵ܺãϧգװ׳˷Цףӣǽˡ
֪ôգôУôĸԸ裬Ȼޣվסжױɵĳ嶯
ϽŮ޳ǣǧž˭ɽףӢ̨ǧž񡭡ʱĲ˼ġǧžѾβУĲ˼ĸѾԵЩ˸Уô治֪Ĳ˼ڱ̾Լòİ飬ǾҪһǧž񻰡
һѼֻڼλʦĻ۽֮£һּҲò˼ӣ̨ҪȵѼ֮󣬲̨ݣҲ˵ʱ䣬Ҳֻһգ۾ͻȥļˡ
ʱѼĻڣǡʱĲ˼ǰ̨תͷȥĲ˼ϣȻۣӦлĻ֮ģûüȥ
ÿĲ˼Ц˵벻ΰѣ˳ôƯôĸҪʱգЩԺȦһǣΰôõĸɵҪϧ
ú仰˵ú¶ǣֱһ̶ǲ
ֻǷΰЦЦȲشãҲȥĲ˼
ͲסߵĲ˼ǰһ䣺˼û°ɣ
Ĳ˼̧һ˫ˮۣƬ̣Щ˵ˡ
̾һǿЦ˵˼òģҴӦ£Ͳᷴڣĺˡ
Ĳ˼ĬĬĵ˵ͷһ˫ˮڻ˳
ﶼģƫƫȴҲǹܵľҪ衣
֪䣬һֵѼѾԵú˷ܣŻͲ˵ллĲ룬ллλʦĵ˵ͭǿϡ֮䣬Ǵ۸Ϊ죬ٴллԼλα
棬ǺŵĴǣͭħĸ֣δħʦΰΪҴ˾ʵħ
̨вٷΰͬѧ඼֪ΰǽ쿪ӵϰļˣԡǣͭħĸ֣δħʦͷΣЩȻȻľƴع
֮УΰȽĵϷ̨Ƕ̨ϵλʦл⣬ת̨µȺ
һ̨࣬µĺüŮӶʱһҸļС
Уٰ̫ţӷţ̨ҪλʦлֻӵĲ֮£һȻ˵λʦ̨ǰǵȺʱһЦ
һȥˣȴְԼŪſ˵ϣһ£ȺЦ
λʦ⣬վΰ󣬷ΰ̨µ΢΢һЦһ֣ƾձһʻ
̨棬˶ʱһ̾ļŮȴһ
ΰ΢΢һЦʻһףʻʱһһ߲˿
ӵָ㣬Ȼ֪ΰõַʻ˿ҶҲ˿ԭ˿ģֻǷڷΰģΰҪݣֻǴｫʻ˿קȻٴ򿪶ѡ
̨µǼŮӣѾˣͣƴУΰΰҰ㡭ΰΰҰ㡭
վڷΰ󣬲ָͣЦĶзΰӢǼŮԱһ㣬ͣĺŷΰ֣Ϊΰƣ˵ǲʱһĵĴЦ
ʱΰ߲˿˻һţȻԼַ䣬˳ֳһħ
ڱ˵￴ΰǰ߲˿һӣǣЦ֮Уַһ̾
ΰħ΢ˣŪ˼£ְأħ̳ɰȻùְڹͷϣ̧֡
ŷΰ̧ħͷðһֱһ⣬÷ΰĶ̹һ档
ɵǣʱ̫ţΡΡһȳһյ׷СӣովΰǰҲ֪Ƿΰ˴ǹģȻŻ棬ֱӾ˹ȥ


258 Ͼ
̨µȤĿŷΰľٶ˵ħҪľǳ䲻⣬ΰҪľǽš̼Ч
ֻǷΰ˵ȴΣ֮ΪףܱɻĶ̹ȼϣһƵĻҩֻҩȼ¶ȿǸߴüٶȣңΰ׼ԼӣҲνڶʱ֮ڣܹ·ճһ
ǣΰĻ棬ǳԼģһãԼҪݡ
һ˲䣬ձŭΰΪڹ֮ͥԼԼŬóªҲͰˣΪ˳ӢΰҪԼ̬ٳԴȡ̨µˣҲˣվΪԼӦĲ˼÷ڡ
ǣΣյĻ棬ֱӾҪԼݣǳΪҪԼݣʶ˵顣
ףҪǷΰ֣º౻ΪǱʧ˶øϰ
ŭ֮£ܵһſܿΰĻ棬һΪٵ
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ֻû֪ոҪ΢Ƭֻ̣Ķ㿪׽Ҫʲô顣
ߣûվΰĻΪҩȼϨ𣬶̹һֻǷΰ΢Цţȴ¶һ˿ݣոҪǺŵģû뵽ͷԷӦҲܿ죬¶ۼľͶ˿ȥ÷ΰʼϲҪ֣ҪٻһЩ˼
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λʦȲʣ˷ΰǰ֮⣬ħݣȷʵǾտ⣬Ÿ֣ҲĸúǿģֿģͬǾñݾʣЦžÿġ
ĵϵ̨ӣĻ͵͵ۿΰݵĲ˼ǱҲ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⣬ô˵ֻҪԽֵǱΰԽģΰԽģԼϣԽ
ʱΰңǳ׹ȥġ
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һ֮䣬Ѿͷ£Ͻһܿ򣬸ȥӡ
һգۼ䵽ϣ漴硱һ죬ʱһŻ򣬲Ż֮ҪϨˡ
򣬷ΰҲûҪֻæٳԲһЦͬʱҲڸǸոԼҪͼ
벻ʱ֪ô£ƾվͳһˮŻȥˮˮڻϣʱһˮϨ
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һ£̨ϣΰҲһħΰҲ˵ǱżΪܱݵĳģǷΰ֣Ҳá꣬ȥϰħû뵽ȻҲᡣ
ŵͬӡΰеĳ߳ȻͿһʻ
ͣĽ£ϵĳ߳ûãͳһ˶ߣң֦׳ֵǣȴһƬҶ
ʱ̨ѻȸһƬžӦƽλʦӷϣ۾һһ
һߣˮһţһ֣гһѳͷųͷװģ²ĳͷײϷ̨ӵذ壬ء
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ҵ֮УųͷͣءݡƬ̣֦ϱðһĻǶ䣬ϣһģ²ֹǧĻǶ䣬ЩǶۿɼٶȣӶ˱ɺ죬ֱһۺɫһͬ3Dһ㣬˿
ʱĳͷһ֣һѻֳ֦ţĿɿڴĿ֮£ʼ޼
޼Ļ̨֦ȥƾСŮսǶˡ
üһ֦Ůӣһ𶼽ġ⻨ġ
㣬Ǹողżġ
ۡģħˡ
Ǹ˭ôʶ
棬⾿ôİ

µĻ֦ԽԽ̨࣬˽˶ƴǰҪ̨Ļ֦滹Ǽ٣ߣҪһһøһЩ̾ȡѯʣһգ֮Уһࡣ
е˶עתƵϣΰϽóԼֵħʱϱһЩʻ˿̴ʲôġ
ֻǵе˵Ŀ⣬ۼϣΰκŬѾͽ͡
ۼԼġͽܡܹħֿ˻ͣΧתʱһЩ벻Ļ̨桢Լ̨ϵļλʦھ̲֮࣬סôЦ
ֱ֦޼òˣϵһŽķлƮ䣬һʱ֮䳡ϣлĻ굽Ʈ裬þþڳɭֵʵʵڵһ԰ķ羰
ʱڷǽˮǲݣʩʡ׽棬ûĶͣæ
ĵĹЦУʼҶɫҶͬǰֵĻһ㣬ǿķѿ
ʱѾǫ̈̄ϵǣ˲סĹơȲʡЦޡ
ΰʱȴһΪεľأԼݵЩСħһǰѾԵ΢û취עĿ
ǣҪ뵽߰ɣΰԸҲԵû취ȥΪͲ
ΰͻȻą̃Լһʧ˼Ҷ˵ħģԼȴɰ׳գڣԼһ׳գһɵһעĿС
еķͷһˡ
һ˲֮䣬ΰͲסҪһı


259 һ
ΰҪѡͷҪúõرһһ
ߣϿʼҹˣлӦй̨µˣλʦûܿӵôġ
ֻһգ֮䣬е˶ͻȻ֣ڴ̵Ҷм䣬¶һЩ΢죬Ƕ֮ʣװģҪȥ͵ժϵӣȻ̫ŵ̬ΡΡȥ׷ӣӾһִ̣ڹӻû֮ʣõƤСȥ͵һ㡣
Ķʵ̫ǽ߾ܵڸȡЦ̨̨ϵˣھ̲֮࣬סôЦԭһֱţΰΰҰ㡭ǼСŮӣ϶ûϢҲעȫһԼЦϡ
һǾӦ͸ˣһ߼ӣһժһӣڱᣬȻһ˶ӦƳ롣
һӣǳǳĳһڣƺо͸ˣŰһݸӣǡ顱ӵԴһٶе˲סĹ
ֻһӣһգ۾ûˣ˽˲ιӣȻеһЦ
һƣȻվ棬֣ʾӹæȻʼժӣǰժժӣ͵ݸӡ
Сӣӽ˼㱧ˣǣǳǴֲݣе˿Цѡ
ӻûţƾձһµĹСӸ˶һСҲֻװӶѡ
װһּóӣժװ಻٣һװȻһ߸Ź֣һ߰͵λʦϡ
Ӧƽ˾֮࣬Ǹ˵üЦĿ֮£ӹһӣϸϸĿһ£ʱЦϣšԪСıǩӦΪߵġ
ħȻȻЦλŻ۽𾦵ļʦûܿңõĵ߱һӶʵģλʦʵ̾ѡ
λʦӣӣΡΡģص£ժңȻװװ˺üȻһߵϷ̨ӱϣеĹڣ۵ӡ
һ̨˸ǷƴĽţţӵϷ̨¡Ŀħ˭ҪԳһ£֡ЩӣǼ١
ӣٴ˵ǰǰ̨ϵһЩʰ
˵ǰһӣǾ̾ѣо棬ڣʰߣǵĸоֻˡ
ӽȻһھͽԡȥǡԡ
һֻɣŵԼͱϣȻһ죬һͻȻ֮ûˣŵһĿ֮£һգ۾͡ԡûˡ
ԡȻָͷ˿٣ӣǱ֦ǶˣȻϷŹֵĻᣬǰ
ңȻһֻ֦ǿӣӦ֦ǶúܽΣû
̨֣µ˶Цſȥ֮Уģѵˡ
ڷ̨ϵļߣҲһһԡ˸ɸɾ
ʱħ׶ɡ
˻Ͳߵ̨ϣɫЩȻЦ˵лͭδħʦΰǴľʱݣ롭
Ļû˵̨̱꣬ж̨ħδ˺ЦŴôʵħһ
һк˹һʱ֮䣬һһһһĽ
ɱȲӰӾԺﲻܴʹͬǴ̨ݳҲ¶ݣ˵Ƿӿŵӣ˼ҽͼľǸ֣𱬣ģⳡǳоǣۿֲѣǴĵңӰˣǶ̨ϱݵԱݼ
׶ҪһѾǶԱĿ϶ҲǶԱǱݵĽĿ͡
ЩΣԭ̨ħĿһʼһֱڣڱտڶֻ˵ǡͭδħʦΰϵ÷ΰˣȻ̨֪ħǲɷΰģݵĹ̵Уΰ˵Ӱ죬ȴֱ̫̣˵ġ
֮УеЩΣôĴΰӣ˼Ҽٸ˵۾ŵţ˵ǡˡˣֻ֪Ϊ͹Էΰΰߡģû뵽̨еĹΰˡߡˡˡӡ
Ҫ˵ǻκˣվǶϣβѡ
ƫƫһȺСŮӣȻһһҡһӵĿУΰΰҰ㣬ΰΰһΰΰҰ㡭ΰΰһ
ں̨ķΰȺŮӵĽһͷߣҪðˣҪǿԵĻΰһȺŮȫȻ󰤸ȥ⡣
ڵͣ˭ΰԸ˭һȺԼ˵Ůӣڻţⲻ춫ǰԼĶ
ƫƫ˵ǣһŮһƻֻͻȻܽ˺̨˷µΰı̫ɹˣӦáӦȥý㿴Ҷ¼ΰǺϸӰɡ
ΰҲ̲סˣ롱վָǸŮӣۺȥȥĄ̊́˼һ·ĵطʲô
Ůӱΰ׺ݵ̬ˣԼôΰ״Ƭ̣ĿһװͰͣҲûаʿȵķΰŮͻȻ䡰ۡһת˳ȥ
Ĳ˼ߵΰǰ˵ΰ㡭﷢ôĻıݣǺܳɹ𡭡
㡭ΰղѣԼıݳɹɹ˼ģ˭ΰ֪֮ⲻһŮŮܵԼǰ˵Լɹˣġ
οڹڵǿҪ֮£ҲΪ˹˼ɷҵӣԼˡΰ뻹ٳһγһγԷΰ˵֣ٴ̨Ļһζ
ң棬ɻᶪҵѼȥ


260 ȳȻ1
÷ΰΪգңΪɥĲӦ̨ģ
һԼҡˡһĶ⡣
泳µĳһ࣬ѼĻڻʧȥɫ
վֻ˼ҵģңּ޷ǶֻһЩֵʮĹŶϰ⼸ֵУҲֻһòΪ˼ˣҪתͷ࿴һЩʵıݡ
ͷ಻ϵļӿ죬ѹҲԽԽܹĵĴЦһѾǼܲ׵¡
ʾסıݣֻеרܿõھĻᣬöȻŹ
һһֱûķˣֱӴ˺̨
ãô£ǲ˵õģԼΪôģЩ˶עŵ˼ΰˣ˺Щʵ
úüͷ˵飬Ҳû뵽Ūô£㻹ʼΰɡ
üͷĿתһͷߵķΰΰ˵ݳɹӦø˲ǣǣƺ̫ͷ˰ɣŪλʦûӰ
ΰŷˣҪǷǳǶ壬ΰһȭǱơƿӻ۾ϡ
ĬãΰǷŭ˵壬Իᴦͱˡ
˼ΰðºǲ⣬ΰıݣǴɹôԼЩӷΰɹͷأСôˣ
ΰ׼Ҫ˵˵ǡʱжױһ·ĳ
һ̣ΰĲ˼öĿͶϡ
żΪ̵ӡ󣬺οһΰһĿ⣬޲ҪһƵģͻȻ׹Ӧһν˾֣
Сֵܡ˽һҪһ£ΪʲôҪ֡
СҲһڣĹڳ£ˣǵҪΰħöòòһԼĴ׻˵廹ϵˣҪ֣»ǵҪС
ѧܡΰתͷƳһĲ˼Ҳͬһʱ̽һ
øƤЦģһкſӣָָԼıǼ⣬ƤЦⲻЦʵλڽҰɣ
ȷ˸ΰ˳øϽ˵λСı츳ʵڲɶãΰһݣܹӮô˵ͣʵǺ˵ң
˵ùĶ˶٣ҪϸĿķӦ
һ˵ÿһ˶ϣһܹȫչԼŻ̨ͻᣬᣬԼѾһΣңչֵüΪɹѾӮúȲʣҲǵõ˹ڵϿɺͣң˵ıݾδ
ǿҵĺ֮£˵ֻҪűԼĿʱһԼѻᡣ
ֻҪ΢¶һ˼þܹƾ粻֮࣬ٴŲ̄ȥ
ϧǣϣЦݣʲôҲңԶõͣǲмڹˣöһʱ֮û˴ʶ
üͷʵ԰ɣӿŵӣͣһӭ֮ǣҪֵңȰûҪ
塭ΰ˷˵ڵ𣬸йڣȷǲڲǴڵʱ֮УԼŪǰ̨һžԼҡϿһٶ⣬ҪģҪôֱӻȥҪڴǰסѾú׷档
Ȼѵİ취ֱˣôܹԾԸվԼ
ŸΰܳʱĬķˣӷΰ˷ΰ˼Ȼ˺Щȣ鵽˹ؼʱ̣ǿݲðٻ
ڵ棬áҡݣΰΰҰ㡭ΰΰһĺһ˸߹һˣвٵ˿ҽУ죬ˣԡѼֳּżΪӰ졣
ȥĻ¼ֲһʱֵ̣ĳ棬ͻΪһƬšûܹĵıáĻͷζѣԭƻõֳ˿Ҫĵزƫƫ÷ˡöͷʹǣΪһŮ޳ݷΰʹáˡļԱ̨ıݣֹΰΰһĺ
ٿʾ׵ıݣôЩ̾ͻȥȲ衢ȥ졢˳ֳ
Ҫǣֵһʼ˳ԺŲɹӰ죬˶˳ֳԸ˭ȥ
ԣ΢΢Ƭ֮󣬶Էΰ˶ʹ˸ɫȻת˳ȥ
ֻǣÿҪһԼ˼һ˵λСղŵıݣȷ߱ʦķ緶λԸٴ̨ݳһεĻѡǿ
Ǯ׬ЦǶѣ
һÿٿ飬ҪٴγĻʮúԥ˵λıݼվտ߱ʦķ緶ǲڱһУûܹһͣǴڣһĻᡣ
ô˵ʵΪ֪ʵĿģŵģ˵ԱѹסӣľһȺŮӺеġΰ̨ΧˡˡΧǽ˷ҵΧпܽ߳
˵һĿģǰǵıݣѾֻĳƵƵһϣƱػСĺ䶯ԡˡ˵Ǹ޴Ļᡣ
Ĺؼڣܹ˵ΪˡһӣʹǡʹҲضáˡ
֮Ͳ롰ˡκιϵŪվҥǾͽǡˡһѡ
ҲΪԭöҲãǵˡˡͷԣòòȰս꣬ҲϳɾԶҪһˣͱһѣˤһѵֶΣԣȰԼʵĿ˲˵ԼҪ˵ƮƮģһ䡰𡱷ǡ߱ʦ緶һᣬֱͰС
ƤЦⲻЦ˵ǵıݣʵúܣ˼Ҳˣģѧү˵ˣҲҪٺ١ݳٺ١
ӵû뵽ô࣬һ˵һγٿ飬̾Цڶʮǰ˵ٿ飬Լʮ飬û׼ԼҲȥɣڣٺ٣Ƕΰ۵£˵٣򣬺ߺߣ˵ȥǾͲȥˡ
˶ϣñһ˿ңЦЦ˵ȻλȻǲǿˣͭδλħʦ꼻һ֮󣬾ôûˣľúǿϧ


261 ȳȻ2
΢ЦŻ˻ԴʵҲûʲôʵѧҲһ㣬ԣҲûСûһ˵
ȴٺٵЦûǿӣŵﶼᷢģ̨ϱݣ׬Ǯٺ١
ǿһ˿Цݣ˵Ȼˣλʦ̨ͬݳһεķϣҲһҾлλˡ
˵ţȡһǮԼٿ飬ݵǰ˵λСǡˡԱǰ㣬һٿ飬λСߣҾͰһ㣬ٿѣλСպá
񡰺ˡûʲô䡰šһεķãҲ֮䣬⵹ǷСȥǮǰˣǷ˵ãˮ֮⣬ؼǷ˲㽫֮֡ϣȻǹӿţ佹㣬ô˵Ҳǡ֮ϡ
֮Զûд󲿷ԭΪΰΪΰǰôǶֻУ԰ǸСǷΰҪһԼȻҲΪαμѼˣָͲܺҵһ죬ԣ֮£˵˲һΣʹһĻܹ𡱡ֵġһ졣
ʵ벻ǣĲ˼Ϊ˴ӷΰһʧȥ˵ע߾ܵҪΰǸ룬飬Ĳ˼ôһŪԽԽӣӵճˡ
ЦģЦĿŶǮȴȥӣΰȴǺۣ޺޵ĶĲ˼ߵǰδ˵˳
Ĳ˼һϵˮҲҧҧ˵ӦҵģҽѾˣھҪ㣬úõϼΰȥݳһΡ
ٺ١˰ӣںڵЦ˵ҽֻǵһοͣ˵ʵɣʲôһһѣҾǸġ
һҲǻ˵԰ҪǰǼҵĻ԰ˣ˵Ҫһ飬˵һһ򣬾ԣǻ᲻Ӧ㣬У˵Ҫһ죬ôǵö統ʱûӦʲô
ĲҵĻ԰ˡóԾĿĲʲôˣ᲻֪ĲҵĻ԰ˣһȴûʲôжĵӡͰ
һӵɫ־Բ˵ٻʱڵһһʣĲҵĻ԰˻ܰȻĳңĲСǰõСһʲô·ôôĵӣôͣĲҵ˶޿κΣ
öͷԵ£СƨһھģûǮһ¶ѵĺǮ
ֻЩöö룬桰ΰΰһΰΰҰ㡭˳һӿ˽һһˡ
öúЩĻţһȺŮƴ֮⣬Ҳó˵ԱݵĹλʦļѾǽʧȥȤˣֵأһʱ֮䣬ΰٲȥ̾ͻ䵭
ʱĲ˼Ҳ㵽Ҫôſϰң
ƤЦ˵԰˼ҪҵǸҵǫˣҪ̨ݣҲˣ⻹㣬Ҫô㣿
Ĳ˼ԼôԼĲ˼һЩǿĲҵķϣԼĲ˿˿ƵĹϵϣĲ˼һѣҲʲôΪ֮ǣڸղţϷ̨ϣΰȻְԼûܵóѣҲֻ˵Ӧ죬á
ˣ£Ĳ˼ŵģǷΰҪԼˣͲʽʹز۲źأԸȥæ
ǼʣĲ˼һᣬһ߶Žţ˵㼵ҶԼΰãΪȴ㵱ǹʹԲԣҸ㣬Ҿϲ
ʲôϵ𣿡ҡͷԵЦ˵ǹʹʲôģҸˣʹһأҲν˵ʣٺ٣ˣûôС
ûôС𣿡һʵ
һһӴϵҲʧеϴ󡭡
Ĳ˼ſ˽ϣ˫֣Ľһ̡ǸôкȻŶʵɲ˵ʲôûôСҲ˰ɡ
ϴ󡭡㡭ôˣĲ˼ֱǴġ
Ĳ˼ƤҲ̧һ£ֵ˵˼泳µҲûղ˵ʲôţô£
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼磬͵ͷҳĲ˼Ҳ̧ͷش
ӼһЦʵϴô
Ĳ˼ЦЦҵӿţܲôǣҺ뷢ˣǰɣǲƤˡ
Ĳ˼磬èһøϽЦĲ˼磬͵͵ĸĲ˼繾˼䡣
Ĳ˼̧꣬ͷֿ˿ˣֿ˿ڽһֱ˵ķΰ¶һ˿ɻٵ˶ü䡣
Ĳ˼˽ͷӶ׹ΪʲôϴĲңΰôԵĶĲԶɽݺĲԶɽȴ޶ԣĲҸ֮䣬Ҳǹϵǳ
ʱøĲ˼̸ϣĲ˼Ҳ̧ͷ֣ʾǱ߶ȥ
һƤÿһĲ˼磬ʲô£һΣȻҲ⣬Ūãȭߡ
뵽̳ܣֻССҲһţҪȥҲҪȹĲ˼һأ˵㴳˳ȥֻܵȥ
ܲˣִ򲻹ֻһһսսĲ˼ӽԶԶؿţΪһ亹
ϵǣĲ˼ǰһΣĲ˼粢ûֱضԴչյһЦȻЩ֡
Ĳ˼һЦԴϵĺˮৡһ¾ð˳
Ĳ˼һЦ֮󣬻ʲôпֶζԸԼϳȥһٱһ̣Ǻڣǰʱ䣬Ĳ˼ѩ˽ӹԼͲȥѧһ£ҪѧУڶҲһЩó
ֻĲ˼΢΢ЦţѾð亹֣˵ôˣ˰ɣôôһð麹
ƴҡҡͷ漴ֵ˵ͷȴһ仰Ҳ˵Ĳ˼ǰ˵һ֣ӭģһ籩ꡣ
û£ǾͺáĲ˼ЦЦ˵ǸˣӦ֪о仰ȳȻ𡯶԰ɣ
Ѿֻƴĵͷѡ


262 ҽ
磬Ĳһ԰ԼһȾƺȵϡͿһ˰̸˵÷˷裬ĲҵĻ԰̣һͿΪ¶Ĳ˼統ĲԶɽ棬һơ
¶ھβѣĲ˼綼Щ¡ھΣ뵽ģȻȻͻһЩпᡱġĲ˼ȴǻ˸ƵģһЦ⣬ҲûҪƢ˼
ģأǼҺҪã챾Ǹϲӣôһֳ֣һЩ鷳÷̲ôҸæ̨ȥ̾Ⱦȳӣ֮ǶλԷ𣿡
Ĳ˼Ŀǣ˵ǵһأƴĵͷ֮⣬벻Ҫʲô
ǴӦæˣĲ˼绹Щĵʵ
ϴ󡭡һԣĲ˼粢ûʩӡпᡱĴݲУ˵ϴûϵֻҪǿŲ̨ᷳӣҸˡ
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵Ǹãѵ顭
ӺٺٵЦţץץԴûе£ûе£ʲôѲѵģԶ̧֣ǸӲСӣͳĶҪǮ
ǿɲɡĲ˼絭˵һݸһջߣ̸˵һ£Ǵݳ°ɣ͵Ļ÷ٿ飬ûɡ
˵ɳɳɣϴô˵Ҿô졣
Ǻãһȡһߺ졣Ĳ˼Ц˵
ĵֹһֻҪȡͺˣһߺ졣
Ĳ˼קЦЦʵ˵ʲôܴܲһ
Ͻ˵ϴ󣬽ȼæȳӣҲνؼҪȥʱϡ
ʲô£Ĳ˼ЦЦʵ
룬ش˵һǵûͳȥҪһЩʱ䣬⣬ǼǱߣ˼ұˣʱҪǲĻƺƺЩװɡ
Ĳ˼üͷ룬˵飬ҵԴ죬飬ţҪȻͳʱɡ
룬ҲֻˣһǧǮĲ˼˺Ȼתͷٴ̨ݵ¡
Ĳ˼˺ĿĲ˼һۣŵĲ˼˸£ãĲ˼Ҳû˵źתȥ
ѾǿҪӽز۵һ䣬Ĳ˼֮£ֳϣ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼粢û˵ʲôʱϲ⡣
ø磬ߺ˰ӻױ׼ʲôġ
ЩΪѵǣǰΣ֮£ԼӲһ龰ħʾ֭Ҳ벻һļƻ
ΰֻǲϵء䡱ЩȻȫԡȻֵܹþʣʱһ˾
ǣһʱ֮䣬ܹȥҳһӱ־ʵħĿء
ǰ鼱֮£ݵġĿܹ֮ȡóɹ˺ȲʲѣȫΪ䲻⣬桱ַԼŵĻױ˾Щ⡣
ħҪظݣ϶ǲɵˡ
Щ˵УΪżģǶãǰ˲ϳϾȳöĻңĲ˼ġвȡ֮£ǴӦ𣬵һʱ֮òһйԵħĿöõһֻèסץĸһ㣬ܵû취ݳ
⵱йؼԭǣþӪġˡûħĿڣñŵĽĿ˸裬СƷת֮ģҪħһʱ֮仹ôӡ㡱
ɸ˾޴ѶȣҲöøе˾޴ѹ
ʱΰվһҰ˵úõؼƻһ£һݳȥһ¡
ΰ˵ĻʵҲǵѣڣѾİǰΰôҪ˼š֡ԭַǷһ䳡棬ʱֱ֮Ӱ쵽ļףԲܹǷΰóġ
Թ÷ҵ桢Ϊһ㣬ΰȶ巽˶Ҫ
ڼʧ˶ԹǰΰȻѡǰߣҲѡʱ
ҲֻǷΰһ̨Ϊʱ߻һ̨ĿȡһЩʱѣĶǷΰҲﲻ϶æ
Źôһʱ䣬ѾԶԶǰˣһȺŮȻ˻ߵĽţΰΰһΰΰҰ㡭ҲԵõͳ˲١
ŮġΰǣҪٲֻ֣³̾ͻʧأֱϢ
ûʲôֱÿˣ˭Ըﰡ
ƫƫʱǼһνļڣȥ֪ϵ龰϶Щҵˡ
ƾŶѾʼüͷԶ˵ܲܰѼΣң
ѼΣѶȲ÷˳򱻲ӵ˵ϼûӣ˻еģԶ˵Ѷȵĵطڣ̨ЩˣѾʼȥԼڻϾѾûʲôȤˣȥֻҪôڵ˲֮ڱҪô㹻ܹڵȶ̶ȣȻ취İ
ֻǺֿԣþ΢΢ҲǰҲûС
Σӵ飬ô绰˼򵥵˵һ£˵ĿǰƲֹۣԼ취ܹܲŤתһЩƣҪ˸Ͻ취Ҫ̨˹ͨһ£һ¶ӡ
˱ΪΰݳɹͷӰ˼ջ𣬵ת˲֮䣬תԭֲѵĳ棬̾ͱɢĿܣɱȷΰɹͷ˴Ŀľ֮䣬ֽѳζǵҪôʰоأһ绰˵еϣܹŤתǴϲ̾ԳȥҼҪ
ʱ䲻þͽӵ˵ĵ绰˵һж׵ˣȻ
Ȼ˷˵ĵ绰ɳزѣǻϰѡѹһϣõȻɲ
ֻһûûε˵ˣ˭ȥҲǸȥ͵ǻҽ¡ôţ
Ҳһ˵ĿǰȷˣǱݣѧȥһЩƫƫҪеȴǼҲãȥһʱ䣬Ǽں룬ܲóһõķ
Ĳ˼˵СЩһҪ
һϷ̨ߣһ߻عͷһ˶ĵЦٺЦ˼ǲһˣٺ١
ңĲ˼ʱе
ʱŻͲѾûа˵ллղΪҴԱĽĿ桭
û˵˵Ҳʹ˽ȻѴʽĿ˵ǴԱ϶ʱһЦЦŵһݲ⣬Լ̡


263 
һĴεľأƬ̣ż˵ļڣţ統̵ΪǴġ
ʲôѾ˵ȥˣ֪ͨ˵ĴʱˣǶڻ֮䣬ûҪᶨʲô
ʵϣĲ˼ȻȻ׼Ҫǿűˮ飬ֱӾ͸˷ˣȴûκ˵ԼҪʲô
ڼ֮䣬ôһССɵӰ죬̾ͳɱķŴ˳
̨ˣЩѵˣһҪ̨Ӽĳ嶯ȴǲסĺȵʣڡ
ˡԱݵĽĿûʲôͷҲͰˣЩϰ壬ٻЩţ統̵Ǻû˵һĬĬŵˣܹõóʲôö
ԣ̨µˣϾͿʼãҸ磬ûЩݣ߼Ҳͻòšܡȥˡ
ݵĽĿʣûͷóġֵ󣬺ƽƫƫһȺŮӵһ˭˭һܣмиƫˣĻҲͺϡ档
һʧ̨¶ʱЩ˶ٽעŵ̨ϣߵ˽ͷӶԹԵĵͷֻߣŵ绰ɤţߴĸ˴˵绰
ֳϵѾĵز־Դ΢۾΢գڱĿĿǵͷ֪ЩʲôӦƽΪȻӣϿһ£һ֮󣬺ݺݵҧһڣ֣꼸ʰԼһЩߣӣ׼ò˶þͿ뿪ˡ
һ˵ӦƽЩ˵ݺʲôطϯֻҪֳ΢еգЩ˾ԲĲɡµʧֳ֣ϵգֻǿûȤǼʦҲ
û˵꣬һǺʵҺãҾһǵ𣿡
̨ҪͲȻôһ䡣
̨ĺǵĮķһŶȻԵСĴкӣûʲôӡ
ҲЦЦͻȻ֮ѧǰ̨ݵŵĶ̨ɽ˼Ķ
ǫ̂ע⵽ˣǰħݵʵˣ´һ
ǸôһУһֵ˶ʱǿעֻϡͬϣ֮Уת˹
֪˭Ҳ֪ǱӶˣô£Ūžһ죬һ֮ԱߵԺģʲô¶ûŪȻšžž˼°ơ
һʱ֮䣬ֳһǿǿϡϡ
龰öĻĲ˼ʵǵĲѣõں̨һ亹
Ҳϡ裬̨л
ǰΰǳǸŮӣͿ̨ӱϣ˵һȻ̨ñݵģͿʼݰɣĥߴʲô
Ůôһ˵ΧļŮҲߴߴ˵Դ֮УҲûʲôøС
ЩŮӿʲôģ˵ǼңԶ£翴˸ˣοǱΪһ÷ΰķɣΪΰģ˷ΰ֣Ӯǵĳ羴֮⣬ʲô£ʲôˣǶûʲôϵ
ʱ򣬹ȵĳһˣͻĹ
̨¾һȻЦ˵Բʱ䣬ǼĻڣҪҸĶǾǶԴҵĲأ⣬׼ľʽĿԺͻΪұݡ
Ǹ̨ͣµ˲ûȥǣշǰӵͳ
һֻͲӲͷƤһ΢ЦʵμӼıһʲôıܸǵĹѷһ𣿡
˵ͷЦ˵ԡ
ûмڰԼġóֱӽӦƽ˼ӦƽҲΪ⣬۾ģʰģʰԼĶӵģһûһڵĳӣҶ£
ҿֽ֪ܶҹĴ֮еżΪҪλûֱ˵Լġʲôӡ
ҩָ롢ֽӡˢǶܶģķ˽죬ЩѾĽʮȽĵزֽ˵ֽ˵ﵽ˷˼ĵز
û˵꣬±˴Уʲôƨֽ˭֪ʲôϡֽţ˭֪õϿգ
⻰û˵̨꣬±˸壬ʵں⡣
ЦЦ˵ҿɲҸʲôգֻΪһֽţҴûģԣҽᣬֽһ¡
̨µˣЩѾ³ڣҪһºеֽš
ֽʲôüģϡ棬ܹʤǰֽ
ЦЦһӴóһһĶϣ΢ҡҡʵ֪Ҳһֽžɵģǣ˭ܸңֽʲôģҪôܴأ
óģϴθĲ˼һȥǸӵդıͼ
Ȼֱ˵һŲرͼֻû취򿪶ѣûɵǸ̶ȣͰѵеˡ
ңôΨһĿģҪֳϵպ
ֳϣҸеϰ壬Ǳԡ桱ʮУЩ˸򽻵ڹһҲһ죬ʶأȻҲͷͬѰҲΪһĹŶǲŲжȤ
ҲΪˣЩ˲ŻÿѰ֮ı翴һЩʵݡ
ôһ˵˱㿪ʼһȤ
һˣ̲סʵ˵Сһֽɵģִ򲻿ѵֽƬɵģƬִĿƼֶΣܴ򲻿
ôһʣ̨²ٵ̾͸塣
Сãģж˳Եǻ迪뷹
һֽ򲻿㵱ʲô
ˣǱħģħħ۷ٵġ

ЦЦ˵Ϊ֤ⲻǼٵģڱħ뼸λʦĿüʦǸһ𰸣𣿡
ôʣȴתȥԻӦƽлȻŹĽǸդӦƽ
˵ˣǸӵĶʵһֽӦƽȴǳһ
ΪӦƽûû˵ֽš
ȻĿһɫ̲סһȻɫĿ
֣̰ѾĶȫó·ŵϣȻΪڴĿŻӦƽǸģֽ
ĸ֮Уֻ־һɫȻ⵹־ʲô˵ļأΪ־óֻ鱦ļڹŶ棬־ļʶˡ
˵ɽڹһУȴá֮ǧ仰ݣԣ־Ȼɫ


264 ƫ
Ӧƽ˺һҲֻǿȷǣû˵ٻ״ʵأȷܹ˵һֽ
һʲôʵصֽţӵĳԼֵΣӦƽ޷жϳһȷĽۡ
ӦƽʵڲϰƬ̣תͷӡߵ֣ꡣ
֣ԼĹߣϸؼᶨ
̨ϵļλʦȻûǰּǰУ̨һЩڹеϰǶʱ
λʦӣӦϷ
ֻЩһֳϵգӽ˱㣬ĻĲ˼õˣ̲סĵֱĨˮգңЩѹ֣
ѹֵգҪȥҪ˵õ˻񾭱ϣ̨µЩˣҲˡ
̧֣࣬ͷȽǰ˷΢⶯һ£о˺ʵλã΢΢ɤӣЦ˵Сֻ˵㣬һС˵ģһжģڶΪûƵĲ޷жֵ
̨µˣˡһۿˡ
ģֵ֪ʲô˼
Ҳֵ֪⵽ǱһС
ô˵İɣ֣ʦ˼Ҳǲ֪δ򿪣ǲǡ
ϻһֽô迪ͭǻҲôһˣʲôЦ
Ҳ԰֣ʦԼһܹ迪ĸô

׷׵֮У֣ٴο˿ȣӣ˷˵λʵڶԲúܣҵľ飬ԼûֽҲ˵޷жⶫֵܹΣǲ
֣궼򲻿ֽö˶ʱվǹƬ̣Щȥ
Щˣʶһֻ迪ľ˵֣û취Щ˲Ҫǰһ£һ˲֮󣬺ЩֲʶԼһ֡Ȼܸ֣ȥ⣬ҪȻ̨ģ˵Լˡ
һʮ꣬ɽװͷƺǲվ˾ͲԸȥ
˶ȥȺͷ̤߳Ⱥͷͦأ˵ֺǿһЩ迪֮£ҶԼλʦҲＸλʦֻЩ棬֪ͭǣû˵ŪĶ֪λʦܲǰ
ֺҲͬǹ֮еһˣƽӼκ˶Ը⽻ȴͭǹպս֣֣Щ˲ƽҲǲࡣ
֣국ЦЦʦܹ⿪֣ĳеһЩɻ֣ĳ֮õ£̨
ʱ򣬱Ӧ̨µһЩģʱȴ޻˵λʦûʲô˵Թһϲͨôô˵
ԣɴվһߣһ߿żλʦ
ֺϵ̨ӣҲôֱߵ֣ϯλǰ棬֣ӹֺֻֽŰֽõ϶ʱһɲ졣
ֺҲӦƽһû˵û˵迪ֺͲҳԡ
ֺֽ֣վЦЦʵʦֿʲô𡣡
ֺˢһºˣǰѻ˵ˣʱȴղ˳
Ƭֺ̣˵׾ʲôûҪܹʱоšš
˵ֺҲ˵ȥˣʱо⻰Ǻ˵ܹ
Ŀ¶һĨЦ⣬תͷվһߵʵСܲð㼸⣿
ǺǵһЦʦؿʲô⣬ֱ˵Ҿ֪޲ԣ޲
Ŀǿĵ˵ͷʵСȻ֪һֽôʣСô֪ġ
Ͳ󣬶ʮ궼ûܹ֪һĶʵһֽȷǸ˲ķ֡
ҲЦŻشʵұ֪ʲôɣϣҵġ
ĿӦƽԼֺһ
Ƭ̣Ŀŵ˵ȻϼĶõ
ĿĿȻ˼ȴЩʲôˣڹˣû˲֪
˵Ļͭ˵ǾĿ˵ĻҪãǼȻֽȻļʲôʣȻͻ͵
ĶԼЩˣ£˵Щԣ᲻֪⼸˵ȴż˶ĶҲ̨ӡ
ȻĿ˵˼°õ˵˵һ飺ʵڲλʦҲֻǸ˵ֽ˵Ҫô򿪣϶֪˵⻯迪£û취ֻЩ֪ͭǹ磬ǿǲԻƵĵطұһλһλȥݷãɽʢᣬҾţܲܰⶫóøλִңһƽһ⡣
˵˴һѣ̬е˶취ֽĿҪҪƽȥԵСˡ
ĿڸƽϣֺȴüͷЦô˵λСֵܲˣ
ȻֺΪʲôҪôʣЦӯӯĴⳡʢᣬмҪȻҪȼһαǲǣ
߳ɵıǽƫ棬Ϊ󲿷˵עﵽվȳӵĿģҲֻɵ˼Ϊ˽˻ᣬѧŴһüöӡţ統̡֪ȡ
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ܺãСֵܴʲôλֺƣʵ
һ㣬ֻһ㣬Ц˵׼ֵΣҲû취˵˼λʦҵȻֻλʦˡ
ʵüʦΪͷʹģʵǶۣһȻи飬ʱӦƣڼ۸Ҳ̫ƫĳЩҪֵ˵ʦļ۸񣬿Զ͵ģҪܵ˵ͬļ۸ȴԵùߣʦͻΪѣͷʹѡ
ԣһ£ʦֱӶԼĶ˵ʲôļλֻ˵ĳĳĳĳ£ʲôط˳һͬĶ۸Ƕ٣Լο
ĶûΪοҲûͬĶΪȶԣҪ˵۸񣬾һС⡣
ο֣һ˵ˣԼûǸֽҲֵ֪ʱҪѶȨʵ֣˺ЩΪѡ
ֺתͷ֣ʵ֪λⶫֵܹ˶Ǯ
֣Ȼһҡͷ˵ⶫֵǮΪ˭ⶫҲûף˭ֵ֪ܹǮ
λʦɫЦЦλʦҲضǣȻֵ٣˭Ҳ˵׼ⶫܹĳǮǾǶǮˣҼȻ˼λʦǾ뼸λʦǷĲֵҲ顣
˵⻰֮УûӦƽ˶˼ֺøС˻˵Ǯʱ򣬸ͺ⣬ֶǮ̬ȣͺ͡


265 ﻢ
˺һ֣ŤͷֺȻλСֵô˵Ҳȷ֪ⶫֵǮʦԼ
ֺâΨһ˼˵ɣܹļ۸߼һܸ߹۸Ļ
һ򣿡ֺ⻰һڣֻλʦ̨µһЩ˶̲סʧ˳
ǰ漸ֵּߵһ̣Ҳֻʮ򣬳֮⣬ʮ߷ƷУԣ󲿷˶ԼûôȤ
ڣһʦֵ֪Ķһھһ̨ˣǡˡһۿ
˵ֺֽʲôֵͿһѾǺܺˬܴˡ
ƫƫ˵һ򣬺ߣͷҲ̫С˰ɣϼģֵһ򡭡
Ҳô˵˭Ҳֽ֪ô£û׼ķĲֵأһǰװ׵ˮһ¡
⻰˵ãֽûɣ֣ʦ϶򲻿Ҳдɣƾһ㣬ΪֽĲֵ
ͷǸʲôģǻǿ˾һ򣬺ߺߣùȥת֮䣬׬ʮһҲֹŲţ
ҿҲǣģֻǸСӣͷСӲ
ͷӵȷ˾һ֣ǰȰѶõϣٺ٣ǡ
֣תͷȥ˿ΪԡһǮʲôû뵽վһߣһȻֽһҲãһǮҲã˵·ûаϵ
֣˺ЩΪѣ뷨Ҳû֪ҪʲôλȥɣԵúǶࡣ
ĬƬ̣֣źص˵ʦ֣ȻλСֵίǣҾͲܲΣұٴ㣬һⶫûͬƷԲ֪ǵļֵڶ㣬пⶫֵҲпܷĲֵҲ˵һɽǿ׬Ƕ޸ɡ
ֺЩͷ˵ҼȻ˼ۣʹһŰֽҲĳĸԸģһأĳ˻Ƕģڵǣǵ״
㵱ҪѲرͼͻȻ֮䣬Ĳ˼
رͼ̨µһӻȻö˶гرͼʲôرͼ
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Ҳкö˲Ĳ²⣬ӦҲ֪һرͼģû׼һֶΡ
Ҳ˵Ӧòǣ֣֣ʦǶ˵ˣǶ򲻿ܹʲôֶ
ֻĲ˼ôһУӹһ˿Ȼıͼ£Ĳ˼֪ģǻһ£Ϊֹֻ֪Լӡѩ֪ģǾǣıأѾ񵽴ɽرͼоֵ֮⣬ѾĲֵˡ
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ʱֺҲһŭĿĲ˼Ƥ鱦ͼֺҲȷϵãҪ˵򿪣ֺҲȷʵǴ򲻿
˵ıأԼ򲻿Ͳܴ򿪣һߵļֵǾǳֵ
һпܵǰǣԼرͼõ
Ȼû뵽ĻĲ˼һھͽŽ˳ǻ˹أԼĺ¡
ֺŭ֮ʣ֣Ĳ˼һ֣˵Сã
Ĳ˼ľȻߵ̨м䣬ͷȥ֣꣬ԼˣӣһҪеͽ
֣Ͱʵ⵽ô£Сãܲܰ˵һ
Ŀ֮£Ĳ˼ͷҲ̧Ĵıͼ
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֣ɻ󣬻ʣ֪һͼѱͲھ˱أñͼҡײƭƺˡ
֣ʣֻǰҵȷ֪һرͼǼλʦλϲҲˣرͼΪֹû򿪹򲻿Ĳرͼ˵ҲûʲôãңҵıҲֻҪᣬһܹ򿪲رͼˣʵҲˣҲֻȻǮ
һ̨˵Ѱ֮ͬĻҪʲôģҲ˳ƷչžģңҲû˵Ͼ֣ϸⶫû򿪹һ㣬ֻ֣֪ƾ֪һŲرͼ϶ǳҡײƭҲδе̫ϡ
һǣ֪һͼøԼԼǷ񿴵óȻҲܹһرͼ˵˭һżֵǵĲرͼ
֣ϸϸһոշһУһʱ֮
ֺЩĵĲ˼һۣȻתͷ˵ȻҲ֪ǲرͼҲͲҴˣţ򲻿ҲͷĲֵһвСΣգҸһǧң
ֺôһ˵̨µ̴ôаⲻǿӺСôһأ͸˼һǧϵĺռˡ
УҲӦȻҲ˭˭һ˲Ǯ
԰۶໰˵һǧСѲرͼҡ
ҳһǧʮ򡭡
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ԥ˵ڻûرͼ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪رͼǼ٣λǧ򣬵ͷһһĲֵҪԴ
ô˵ãôһ˵һ̨ӱϼһ˵û򿪹뱦ػڣô˵̱ذɡ
Ҳ˵ǿЩˣǧôˣ⼸Ǯһõó
ҲֱӴУ¸ʲô˭ļǮߣͼ͹˭
˴ȣһŰֽҲҪˣǼǮ˭ǮǮ
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ɧȺܿ˭ҲԸʹ˰ݣһ˫˫̰۾ضֺǸһֽ
ʱ֪֣Ĳ˼һЩʲôϵɫ淢֣
λɧȺ֣֮ȿȣ˵յҿ֤ʵȷıͼǣҪҽһ£Ǿǣ֮ǰҪ⵱еķգʵǣ֪ĿǰΪֹرͼûκΰѷܹ򿪣Ҳ˵пرͼʱڣѾ÷Ĳֵظ仰ϣǿ˵ҽΪʱ䣬ôҿǣ֮ǽֳ
ʱ䣬̫Ҳ̫̣еʱúõĿһ£ǷֵҵȡŲرͼ


266 ֵ
ӵʱ䣬գ۹ȥе˼ûȥǣֱ֣Ͽʼ
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ȴǶʮϰԣЩ˲ܲԴ
ֺǰһڿԸһǧ򣬵ʱҲǹؾصĽرͼŻص֣ǰȴ֣꿪׼ۡ
֣룬һࣺλȻСȫȨίУôǿһ㣬СֻҪͼıֵڲرʲôģҪ˵СңҲȥǷ֮롣
رͼıֵﶼһϲͬʱҲһ˿
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˭֪ͼֽ֮Ĳ
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֣Ļ䣬̨ȲĴУҸһʮ򡭡
򡭡
򡭡
һʮ򡭡

üǮȥһű;оֵղؼֵĶĸԼһҵصĻᣬеж˭ʣ
һλŶ飬˭̨֪ˣͲۣһھʮʮϼӡ
ԣļ۸̶ֱ֮һ֮ڣͻһǧĹؿڣֱһǧ
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ԣֺǺۣÿһ˳ۣض߾ȫĴѹۺšءֺһ˶̣Ⱥ
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һϾЩĵߣ̾ͱɱֻð̾ϢԼľʵ˼ңҲֻĿšء֮֡
ҲͻȻ֮俴Ƶˣ²⵽ֺǽͬˣЩʵǿ˽ɱȻޣҲֻĲ鲻Ըľʹ˷ȺϷ˭ԼҪǮûǮҪҲû˰
֮䣬ļ۳ϵĳǧ
۸ѾԶԶԤڣͬҲԶԶسˡرͼֵĺܶ౶
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νġءˣվþһЩҪĻڣ˵δ򿪱ͼȥѰңȵȡЩһЩΪֵ飬⣬ûбأֻһδ֪Ͼ˼Ҳ˵ˣ˵򿪲رͼ֮пܵõֻһŷĲֵİֽ
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ֺԵһˣȴǲģ˫۾ǹǰ̵ġɱݣһϵգʱͬѪɺӣʬҰսáĿġëȻݡ
ʮӵĽ𣬲رͼļ۸ǧ򣬵ؿڣֺĶͷٶʮϰļӼۣһڣҲֻһ򡭡
ǧϵļλѾۣ۶ֺҲãĶͷҲãÿһ飬Ҫһ֡
ֺ֮ڵЩˣ֮ƴҪ²رͼΪ޷Ҳֻһ֣ÿ飬ӡءܹ׬棬ɾͻһ֣׿ڵͶ룬Ժ󵽵׻ҪͶ٣˭Ҳû׶
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ֺԼĹ۲ĵظ֪ԼϻļˣϻҲϲѣ΢һ£һ¾ݵģֱӽǸſȥͼᵽ
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Ĳһ֮ͻȻٴμӼһٶʮ˿Ǹֺһػֺ⧲пŴң˶ʧȥĻᡣ
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ǧļ۸ϣʧȥټӼ۵һ̾Ϣţͷ䡣
֣һε׷ʻû˼Ӽ֮䴸ɽ
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ֺõԸתˣȻԸߵļͷǿЦСΣ׬˸ɵҪúõллĲСѾͷ
Ĳ˼һԣͨ죬ҪԲı⣬˵Ĳ˼ҪҡģȻҪңҲĲ˼Լı⡣
⣬Ǵڷΰϣ
Ҳ˼ЩԼӦĲ˼磬ҪóųӣڳʱðάȥҪάȥٲûҪõǲٴΣ߶ϵ̨Щݡ


267 £1
ص̨̰ǰԤƣ÷ΰ̨ȥֵһ󣬱Ͼʱ̨µĹڿ֮Уΰ̨ݵЩ룬Ҳܷܹȥ
ʱ򣬶ö̬ȣѾ˺ܴת䣬ص̨ԶˮȺȿڲ裬˵
һЦӹ豭ʶãħĿ飬ŵôˣ
ڨڨЦЦ˵ԲСֵܣɽħ˵ʵǡʵǡؼǣǲ֪Сֵĵϸ˼ĿҶáòôﲻСֵˮƽ
̾һתͷڰŪŻױƷӣӣ˵˵ʲôעû
ԵҲûʲôУԼɴͷ
ԼѧħҲһ죬Լ̸ħǶֻһЩĶû뵽̨ϣһֱݣӵȻݵħЩطȷǳӵ˵̣Ǿԣġɾ͡ѾԶԶӵӳ𺳣еľǾ
ӱħĿ֪ͬҪݣΣһСѧĿʦȥҪʦЩѶȣǸǲܵ¡
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ȥ˽Сʱˣе˶óһʵеķҲͷѡ
ڽĲʮ֮ڣҪóһ׿еķϸڶҪ¶ָĺۼҪһȺȫеѶȣ²һܹսġ
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Ӵ̶̲סҡͷ̾Ϣѵ䣬Ͳ̨ܻ𣿡
ǿЦ˵ǻһЩʱ䣬Сһ£ʲôҪģ㾡ܿھǡ
Ҫġţ˵ҡҪһЩʻˣܲһЩĺҲС
ʻЩħߣڣҪҵЩѣڹͷϾʻ꣬ڻгҲܹõһЩЩ⣬õȥɰҪĶұٶȡ
ߣֽһ£⻹ҪһЩһһļиȥɰˣһβ
Ѿ׼ˣ˵磬ǲʲôõˣ˵˵Һ׼
üͷ˵뵽ģҲֻǸţϸڵĵطһҪúõ룬ñң򣬸ˣϴǱȥ
ڨڨЦЦϽʶȤˣ¶ϵŶĲ˼ĳŵһãûӸĲ˼罻
תͷʶãûзǳˣܹһЩĿ
ܼ򵥣˵̨ϣֽٳķֻҪ任һ¾ͳɣʲôĿԣˣߣи˵ĵӣúܺãϳòǸ
룬õӲôɵó˵üٳɣɫһȥ
ȻľͼǿʼðߣѡɫӦЩˣȻϲѡ
ôġáӶڴѵԼ˵һ̨Ŀħһ¡
£Ӳʵ磬ɱ˵Ҫ̨ϸҺҵ̸һ鰡־ôᶨһϷǿܾͻ᲻԰ΣĻᰮġ
ȥȥȥһȥ˭̸˵ҶûȤ˶٣ż˵һɫֻڶˡ
ܹһ̨ͬݳ⵱ȻǼ˷ܵ£ʮˬ˵˵Ҫ˭ϣ
룬˵ʵˡŮԱõó֣ˣе㡰Ѷȡ
ǣ֣Ҳǡˡ޷滻ǣ˵֮ûֱӲμӱݣΪĹײǺʵһ㣬֪úʱгͻ˵Ҳһѵѡ
˵ˣħҪ֡顱ȻԼߣܹõóֵŮԱҲ͵ȷֻˣҪᣬƯܲôһëͷСȥЩ顱ɣҪĻӾйϣ϶ʹﲻЧ
⵹ǶòԼµԱδħʦ̨ͬݳ෴üڴ£ϾܹΪˡ£ǣҪϡʦݳͱҪõģ򣬾ͻŪɳ׾
ԣݳúЩɡ
ԶõĹǣҲЩͷ󣬰ն˵Ҫôֻܸı⣬ҪôֻܸıҪ󣬿ǵҪıһ棬ǲСսؼʱϵƣ
ΰȻ˳һȺŮҲ߾ȫ˻ߵĺƣЩŮӵѾ˺ܶ࣬˵ΰ̨ȻݵĻħֻǲϵı䶫ûʲô⣬οһɵӾ𺳣֮£ǷΰֵħֳҲԵúǲ԰
ӣΰ̨ϣҪʱ䣬϶ң˽⵽ģļϣҪֻһ峯໨ɼ۸񲢲Ǻܸߣܲȥ˵
ҪܹܹȡһЩıĻᣬһòĻĻڣ¶Ҫӡ
ԣʱһССĳɣı䣬пӰ쵽ȫƻƻʧܡ
üͷľı˰ɣͰԼļƻִȥ
ҲȲѣ˸Ͻнڷΰ̨ʱĻᣬһЩҪĹͨ
ӵ֪ͨҲк˵ĸоȻⲻŮָ֮оӦ˵һֳݣһͨˣҵĳݡ
˵ҪǳݣȻǼȸ˲ֵĲѣԼмＸݼжԼҲݳһ㣬ôܹﵽĬһЩ;мѶȣϾԼҲǽŵһνӴ
˭֪һֻǼ򵥵ҪԼóķ棬ԼҪĿ
Ҳ˵׼¡ȡĽһַʽɱݡ
ʱ򣬷ΰ̨ѾҪŲסˣΪһȺŮӵĺԶԶǰˣȻڽţ侹Ȼ˲ٺȵʵ
ԤʾţΰϾͻᱻϡ̨Ҳȥ׼Ļ˵Ĺ
Ҳ˵ѾûжʱͨȥԼҪĶҲȫˣԼҲҪʱء
֮˵Ҫ·ñʱرܣӣҲòĸ˿ȥһ˶ڻ¼һЩߵȶƵĴһ¡
ϵǣΰ֮󣬲ӣ̨ϵͿʼĻǴ涼ԴԶʷĻǶ޼֮ллĲ룬ллλʦ
ʱһСٵһǰһ˳


268 £2
һ̷̨һЦ
ʱһװȴװһ׷ġδĸһ֪ڽҪݵģӦǸСƷĽĿ
һ̨ͻŻŵܵߣΧתŶҾ򹰣ӵǰ
ʵʣǶλǡ
սͲ㣬ǡҸ£˼ҲӦ͵Ķ˳
˵ţһֽ̳ģ͸δĸ
˵һֱ̨ӿʼݣʡһĻĻڣײ֮£ȴɺһӦԹߵķӣһֱ̨ӾͰ̨˴ϷùϷҲǳ䲻һС
ġۡһôడ͵Щʲô
һĴӷһȻһӣһͣ벻ͳģһú
̨µˡ䡱Ц˳ͷĸңͲ;ƣĶУɾûúģ˼ȱʲôȱ
˵ú͡ùͬг⣬Żû֮ǰĸúǻùˡ
ԣӰݵĸҲһǶţǻСٹҡ
׿ħû˵ֻλ񣬶ܹ˷Цˡ
סЦ⣬ʵ
һϽһͣһΣͳģȻһ޷޷СȻӴ˵ġ
޷˹ȥԼϱȻһ£еģǸӴİɣ
һҡҡָָ֣ԼıӣȻ˵޷͸Լģ
ЦŶ˵ģ޷ң贩ֲǾ͹ֲôҪˣӦһЩϲĶŶ԰
һϽȥһΣͳģһĵӡ
裬˵ӣգⲻȥӹյĴУһŹңҪȥ׷
̨µѾʼЦˣħССĴӣȺóÿһֽӵݻܶ౶ڿΰݵСħ֮ٿıݣе̾һֶĿһµĸо
ԣ̨µ˾͸װע
Ͻסӣ˵ϲ𣿡
Ӳ޺޵һţһӣǡġˡ
תͷ˵ֵܣ˵ĵö𣿡
˵ͷ˵ǰͬѧﰵܾãҲСֽ
˵ţһ̯ϱһֽ
ֽ˹ȥִֽ˳Ұ㣬ĪҮ˹ĪҮ˹
ͷ˵ͬѧҴġ
˵ţٴ֣һıʼǱݵЦŽӹʼǣһʼȫһƬհס
ɻ˵ʲôûа
˵ǰҵģռֽһףĸ飬ʻһѤá
˵ţûռǱ̽ռǱһɫʻ
仨ΰݵĲͬΰʻжÿǶ˿ģʻȫȫģϣЩϸ΢ˮ顣
ۣƯһʻ̾ѡ
ƫƫʻһһʻʱƬƬʵϷ̨
̨ۡˣЩŮӣλƵħݣһȫ㵹ˡ
һֻβڿзһɲɵ䵽ǰΰǳǸŮӵļͷǸŮӼһȻҸò˹ȥ
û취ڵСŮӣĽǵģʵ̫ˣıݣʵڲףŮ֪κһλħʦ
ļƻĿݵѾˣϾڲִ֮䣬ʵû취Ÿϸڡ
ƫƫɵǣ׼ʰߣлĻ̨ʱĲ˼ϵ̨һ̨;ֱߵǰ
ϲ𣿡Ŀ֮£Ĳ˼ͨ죬ȴɬѵʵ
ҪϣֻװһЦʮҸЦ
ӡԼõ˶ֲô죿
֮䣬ӽСٸڼͷһƣҪ󣬸ϽʦһӼٳ
˭֪ʦȻӵ֪ͨȴû˵ҪʲôĿһʱ֮䣬ֲ̫ӣӴӰںüƣ̴ˣų֣ȴһס
סȻһ⾳ȴԱڸող󰡡
ӣֱĲ˼һʣĵһ˿ϨͷһͱҸȼһʱ֮䣬
벻ǣĲ˼ǰ˵㲻ҪƭңϲˣңԲԣ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵̨µĺЩ˶һЦЦ
һţĿתҪæǰһΧֻĲ˼̨һС䲻⡱ԣûȥΧһЦݿĿ
ĿɿڴĿĲ˼ͷת˺üٱ飬̾һڸǣ˵֣Ѿûʶˡ
˵ţҪתֻ̨ǣĲ˼ȴģ˵ղϷڣ㣬ǲǺϲң
̨µ˶ھ鵱УĲ˼ôһʣЦıݣҶͷһοЩǣ޲ĴĪž鱳Ĺ¡
ҲæΧѲ̨µֻȻ壬ȴž鷢չ£Ǻԥ˵СãòſңҶİǼ겻Ƶģʲô޷תҶİ
˵ţϽӵ˸ɫʾӣԼҪӸϽæ
һ漴׹»ŹңװҪ׷ܵǰ˵һ䣺⣬Ͻ취
һȻʲôطҲϽߵĲ˼ߣЦЦ˵óλİǴģǾסģСҲӦ÷ˡ
׷̨תȦٴӳһЩʻųһЩ̨µȺЦУݲݽ˱ݣƨһϷ̨
ԼһϷ̨ϣĲ˼Ȧһ죬Ҵҵתͷ׷̨
̨ˣʱĺȺվıݣҵ
ʵݼҲʮֳɫֻСħݣش˺ЩĵǸߣǡǡΪݼɫǴԭ̬ıݣ˷ú
µ̨˻¼䣬ųس˿ֻһʱһ˸ӡ


269 ջʯ̨
ֳϵգȶԺ飬ʱ仹öԼȥŬά֣Ͼûܹšָ£⿿һˣҲû취ŵס
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Զõ飬ﵹЩȺǶĲ˼һεĵңرķգ΢Ϣһ£ȥĲ˼ԼҪúõʣĲ˼ʲô˼
ֻӳȥûĲ˼ȴĲ˼˽
һĲ˼ʱ΢΢ЦЦ˵ıݣ˼ĳɹû㻹ݵ츳
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Ĳ˼һԩбӦԼҪְɡ
һ⻰̾վڳһӲ˵ļƣĲ˼˵ϴ⻰˵ãھͲˣвУ
Ĳ˼Ƴһۣһߣտ䣬βͣһɫ㵹ű˰治ˣ
Ĳ˼磬Ҳûٰ취һײеԺԼæԼҪǻʶ࣬ʱ϶ԼĿͷˡ
ԵͷҲôںؼ£ԼǷһ飬οǰҲӦģ
⵹Ҳǣм£ҿɵҪ㽲ҪȻҿû취ȥĲ˼Щ⣬Ͻת˵
Ĳ˼üͷ˵㻹һͷŲߣŵ˵¿ӣ˵ɣʲô£
ԼҪ̨Ĳ˼ֻȥҵ˵һ飬Ҳû취£Ϊû˰ųﱸ߻ԼĶֲܾƾԣһ˺ңû취ʰ顣
Ĳ˼üͷҰæ˸Һӣ⵷ҡ
˭˭Ĳ˼ʵ˭Ҹ⡣
ҪֱӾ˵Ĳ˼ΰ룬Ĳ˼Ĳ˼Ҳڷΰƾǵ㼿ô
һ̾˵ղţǸոҪ̨Сȴǳ˸ϴ⣬ûµ
СãǸСãĲ˼ʴ
ϴãСĲӡûüֹӣӾѿڶ
ʵˣҲǸʮֽˣĲ˼һЩ翴ȥԣĲ˼˭ôĵӣȻֳﵷңӾ˳˵˳
Ĳ˼üͷһ˵ô£
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ԭĲ˼˰Σʵʵңǰ
˵ⶼǡѾȥ˵𣬰ѽϴʱ¶ваڣҪĽĿҶûأ
У¶Ҫ˵ҡҸûꣿĲ˼һ˰˶ȡ
Ӵ˹һߴԲ˵ϴ󣬺ٺ١£˭йԲԣҲֶܹ簡
һ˲֮䣬Ĳ˼ǵͨ죬˵һ߶ȥҵúúõʰʰһ
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ֻһΣĲ˼ȴûȥֻǽ΢һ˼ַ˻ȥ
ȻĲ˼ק˻¼䣬ôһк˵£ʱﲻæˣҲܶô𲻴Ӧק漴ҡڵ̨߳
ˣȻҲĲ˼硢ˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳӣק˷ңֱֶȥ
ǡãһ˱㵽۵̯ӸǰЩȵǣ۾ȻûнЩЯˣһͭǧ˰٣
˸߲ҵóǮҪЦЦӰѶȥǮֻǧٿ鱾Ǯ
ҲӣְӰЩһԶװ˳Ԥȸ˳ѣЦеĸ
˶غʵϣ˸绰룬ָ˵ԺʲôµĻɴ绰պĵ绰룬ֺǺǵĿĲ˼ˡ
ˣĲ˼綼Ϸſ
Щ£Ͼʹˣĥĥģ۸ŵĵ̯ϡ
̯ȻǸո˼¶ǰ·ʱ򣬶ûǼ
°ڳ֮Уһ̨߰˴糤̣խҲһ࣬رעĿǣһջʯ̨
νľջʯһеʯ֣Ϊɫ̨ʯͷ溬Ȼγɰɫջнᾧ壬ȥȻľջΪ̬棬ԣ̨رĸȤ
̯̯һŮģʮңԼ̯ǰǿľ͵˸С
֪ǸӣҪܴλŮֱ̯ӾͿʼԼĶɫ
̯ϣҲ٣ͬһЩƿƿ޹ޣɵͭġһ鿪һһʯԭʯ
Щ۵Щûӱ⣬۵ĶȻֵߣд󲿷涫Ů̯̯ϵĶǿջʯ̨ȫûʲôֵĸ߷¼ٻ
λŮ̯ҲֱԲ䣬˵Щÿһ˳ɱٸʮǮ󣬾Ϳͳͳ
Ů̯Ҳͦˬġ
Ҳû룬һѡʮǧǮǿ̨ļ۸Ů̯ЦЦҪ˸һǧ˵ļλ
û߿ЦЦλŮ̯˵ʵһ̨һǧ˵ļ۸񣬻Ҫø˵һΪⲻĺľջʯҪǺľջʯһǧ˵ļ۸񣬿϶ǵˡ
Ǻ棺滹Ľ
ЦЦ˵ջʯкüأģǺջ־ջʯ۵ɵʲôǿɶǰսƼۣõģһﶼúüʮ
ջʯĵط義ɽݡᡢȵȵطгֻ˵ûĳңʵϣȻƣڼֵϾʹۿˡ
ĳסһЩ⡣
Ҳĵһһش𣬱˵ջʯ֮Уַ޽ӡ
ɾջʯҪ޽ӡԭǣջʯķӦãѾʷˣڣȻ¶ĻµջʯѾǼΪУǾͲòûѧķľջʯԸ졣
÷ѧľջʯһ˵ѣģͽС޽ӡҲ˵пǽӲȲľջʯķӳһ顣
Цָžջʯ̨ϵһϸƣʵӦǼ޽ӵĺۼ԰ɣ
ЦЦûֱӻش⣬Ǽ˵ջʯһҪָ꣬˵ҪлջʯĻûУȥģֵҲۿۡ


270 ֿ
˵ͷ˵ʦôһ˵Ҵ۽磬ô˵̨ȻǳƯȴмȱݣһǲǳپǼ޽Ӷɣһǧ˵ļ۸񣬵ȷǸЩ
Ϊ̯Ѿ˲ٵĶֵ̨ȷëŮ̯ȻﲻˣԼĻëֵ˴ǮҲֲ˱ˡ
£Ů̯˵̨Ҳǵҵģոջģ̨˵Ǽ洫ģǵҵĸһǧǸ˲ſģɣҪϲĻ͸һǧ׬һٿ飬ô
ʵջʯ̨Ǹող͹ģֱӸŮ̯׵Ů̯͸˼ٿ飡
֮Ը˼ô͵ļǮͬΪŮ̯ס̨ЩȱݡġǼ޽ӳġ
ڣŮ̯ƤһţҪһǧ飡
ЩԥվһߣҲô˵˵ʵءȱʲôģⶼϵ󣬵Ҫ嵽۸ϣϾŮ̯飬۾Ͳòˡ
ЩԥĲ˼ֱóǮ
ԭԥԭǣԼЩֽõòˣʱҲֻмٿǮһǧٿ飬ղ룬ԣԥ
ҺãһԵĲ˼磬˵ʱ򣬾Ϳ⣬ȡ˼ٿǮݵǰ˵Ϣġ
֪Ĳ˼ǿЦѿʵߵϢ
Ĳ˼Ƴһû˵һһǧ顣
ٺٵЦЦʲôϢ㼸ٿ飬һȴҪһǧϢʱҪô죿
Ĳ˼һЦո׬˲ٵǮΪҲ֪ûҪһһϢǱˡ
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ֻٺٵЦЦ˵ҲãһһϢҲ˰Ҹ㣬ٺ١
˵ţĲ˼ӹǮչһǧٿ飬Ů̯Ȼǿջʯ̨ϡ
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۸˱һֱֿ̨ߣĲ˼Ҫ򳵵ģЦЦá
˵Ϊ˸ϽĲ˼ġϣƵ·ȥȡֽ
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Ĳ˼粻˵ȥȡǮģôˣ
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ʱҵĿҲ࣬ƣΪϰʱԵʰɣ塣
ϰ˿ˣЦеسҪЩʲôҰѲ˵ݵ
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㡭Ĳ˼ʧǰÿһκ࣬Ĳ˼ͣˣǽ죬һǮҲûˣ˵ˣֵĲ˼磬һ֮𱨵ã
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Ĳ˼һٵģϣʵ
СĶΪڶϰ壬ĸһٳԣҲһ飬ڣĲ˼һӸٿ飬Ȼġ
ϰһٿǮʮֻ˷ѵĲ˵ĳɱ
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Ͻ룬һ˸ɾ˵ʢˣȴֲԣ˷ˣǿϧ
Ĳ˼ûĽЩһԶȻͷҲأ˷꣬Ȼվ·ߣһʿȵֱӽ˳ӡ
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˾еĶݣĲ˼ųڿ
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ƵͶ·ֻ˵ϴ£ֻô˵ɣ˼е飬򷽼ΰϷ̨ϸǵңҲǷΰ⣬ϴʵҸΰˣӣҲ˼𣬵ΪֹҶ֪ôȥ
Ĳ˼һĲ˼ΰһĲ˼Ϊֻǳͬѧ֮⣬Сϵʵû뵽ҪϻΪĵز


271 һľͷ
޿κεĿĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ⷽ飬Ըٶ˵ʲôٶ˵ʲôҲûʲô洦
Ĳ˼ⷽ飬ͱܶҲùĲ˼Ҫ֡Ĳ˼Ʋѡ
ҪǰһЩֶΰɣԵģͲһˣİɣҲ֧֧ᣬԸ˵Ĳ˼ãڣԼľ룬һ˺Զ
ǰĲ˼Ҳûио£ǴҲûø֮䣬йľ룬Ĳ˼粻֪ΪʲôգʱЩӲ
˵Ϊ˼ΰЩ϶ֹ˼ĲҸΪѣǲǣ˺Ƭ̣Ĳ˼ʵ
ʱ䣬Ҳһ죬ƢĲ˼̹ģúõ˵ʲôϣҪǻֻҪ΢ռһ˿ǿǾ͸ҷˡ
Ĳ˼Ĳ룬ǵҲһẦ·ΰǣһ֪ĲҸͲò˼ԼĲҵĹϵһΰͻƱĲҲ
Ҳ˵ѻȥ˻ὫĲҶǣȥңƱػ˺Ĳ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼ٴ׷һ˵ǲģ
ЦЦɲֻǿջʯ̨ԹԵĿ
ֻģĲ˼ջ𣬶Ĳ˼˵ľ߽Ĳ˼ԲõܹԤƵõһĲ˼˵ʵû취ȥԤʲôؼǣ飬ϵĲ˼
ϵĲ˼飬Ĳ˼ЩңһңͻȻ֮ͻʧ˺ܶĶ
ãĲ˼˵ʲô˵ǰɣҲãҲôģҲԸѻ˵ջҾүү˵һ£ңүүʮ޳ɣǡǹ˼顭
һ̧ͷʵҸʲô£
Ĳ˼һյ˵Ǹľͷ㻹Ǹľͷ
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ûʲôϵҲйϵˣһ̣Ĳ˼һ˿⣬ֻһ˿⣬漴ȥ
Ե˵ͷֲ˵ȥ
Ĳ˼һͻȻ˵ӦǼҿһҪһ£˭Ƚ⿪֮գԲԣ
֪Ĳ˼«ʲôҩǵ˵ͷ˵ʵһ˳ȥҵĸдܴЩ飬ЩĶҸеûйĴ̼˵ǼҿǸһģٺ١Ӯһû
㡭ǶĵĿʮڰĲ˼ʧ˵
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㡭ߣЩǮˣȷ˵һҪˣ֡ʲô˼ң
ЦЦƾԼܿһ㣬Ժ󣬾ҪٶǮҲֻҪһʱѡ
һ뵽ֿ˿ľջʯ̨
ЦĲ˼˵ҲˣҷڵǷݹȷҪģԣ룬Ժӣһȥ̽ѰǸܣ
໡һû뵽Ĳ˼˵ɾͲˣȥ̽գ⣬Ӧ˺ɽǾ仰ԼĲ˼ǰ̸̣ˣôУ
ԾĲ˼絭˵òôҡ˵öԣȥһ£һЩϵսңȷܹ˻øʣ̼οǷݹţʵҲǺܿġ
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˵Ĳ˼Ҫ˹ԼȥĴεһ
ŸʲôĲ˼еЦЦ˵ô˵ɣһ˳ȥ˵ʵҵ𺳣ԲκˣһԸһܣǼĹâ֮ҵʹ֢Ѿȫʧ˵𺳵ĳ̶ȣ˵ж󣿡
Ĳ˼ʹ֢ʧĲò豭ʱСİѲ֭Ĳ˼ϵʱЩ֣ûĲ˼ʹ֢õʲô̶ȡ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵˵Ԥ֮У֮⣬ȫʧˡֲĲ˼˵𺳣κˡ
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Ĳ˼絭һЦһ£ңʽǼҿ˻ԼڣҲڵĹһˡ
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ľͷһľͷĲ˼ǺֻģҪһٵĳ嶯
Ĳ˼ı飬Щ飬Ĳ˼һϲŭ޳˵ʱô˵Ҳû£һתۣ˵͵ҪΪԼղ˵ĸۡ
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¿ˮ̡УĲ˼סգ˵Ǽҿߵʱ飬صһЩڡ֮񡯵ģʲôʱпգȥùúõоһ£ʱŪæҡ
Щζֻעǫ̈̄ϣĲ˼Ļš
Ĳ˼ҪʹЩƢƬƬʱ춯˽
ӣһĲ˼Ҳ漴ڨڨ˵ϴҲڡ
ӻ̧ͷʵȥˣⶼˣ
ƲƲ죺Ͷһ˴ģȥ˷Ǳߣݳٺ١ˮƽֲóҵ
ĵĵǱݣ룬ʵǱߵļʲô״
ֻЦʲô״ӿʼڽͳ˸ģĳ˸ǧ۱ʣģļߵģǷһʲôɽӣ˵ʲôģ˸˰ٶ򣬺ٺ١Ƕ۶ҵճ
ҵճʧҵĿʽճˣ
ˣʲôʱģʡ
˿Ĳ˼磬΢һ˵ڹֵ̯ϹһȦЩȥ˷꣬ոյң
ɲҸ˵ԼĲ˼ܾˣҪ˵ˣ֪ͣҪ˵Щʲô
Һãһ˵Щ¾ȥģЩʲô
һۼǿջʯ̨ʱȤЦе˵磬ⶫͦÿģӦֵǮɣøҿ
˵ţ־ȥǿ̨


272 ˸С©
ƫƫ̨Ͼʹ˵ݸӣһȴּͣëëŵһ˶ʱţá
˺һ̨ϵĻǣѵʹֲס֮£ȴһſ̨֣ʱ˵ϣžડһ죬̨ʱˤ˺ü顣
̨һǧٿ飬ǮĲ˼ŵ渶˺üٿأһӾôûˣӶʱЩա
ӵͷȥϵʱ򣬾Ȼ֮Уһʳָ̣ϸҲĶ
ֵֹģԲ⻬һ㾧Өİ׹⣬滹һЩֵֹԲȦóЩԲȦ򣬶Ӧþ˹񻭳ģĶһʱ֮䲻֪롣
澪棬ϵ̨һһİԭ״ƴһƴĲ˼翴һЩߡ
ջʯ̨νġ޽ӡӦǹΪģ
ƴװڡ޽ӡĲλΪ̳һӣոպýǸ棬ңһŽȥӦðҲɶײ
Ҳ˵ĿֻΪ̨֮ʳ̴ָϸ࣬ɫԲȦĶ
̨ΪʲôҪôȦĶʲô
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼˼⡣
ƴ̨飬Ǹӹһ˿Ĳ˼˶δЦ⣬Ƭ֮ŴҪϸϸĿ
ϧǣҲ⵽ʲô
ʶӾͲ˵Ĳ˼磬͸Ī
һ󣬻Ĳ˼תÿ죬ͳֻĶŵ輸ϣ˺üƬȻ󣬽ƬϢһͬ˳ȥ
˵Ĳ˼ô϶ҲҪ֪Ķʲô
ֻĲ˼緢ƬϢ֮󣬵ãҲû˻ص绰Ĳ˼úЩ꣬ɴֱӲ˵绰룬绰ȥ
绰˺һͷŽӣһͨ绰Ĳ˼Ͻ򿪣öԷʹü
һ绰һ밵һϣ
ڵ绰ԵúЩ˷ܣ˼磬ⶼģ
Ĳ˼ЩҸһڹģһ̨һǧ࣬һʧְ̨ˤˣͰƬϵĶˤˣүү⵽ʲôֵֵǮ
ڵ绰Ц˵ģңԭıֻҪһ̨
̨ʱĲ˼һԣֻһ̨˵׼ڽӪҵʱ򣬶һЩĶԾһüʮأֻ̨֮һѡ
ֻջʯ̨ʲôĺǾϲֻ֣ǺҪҶģˤ̨
ǺǵЦ˵ԭǺǡҿҪϲˣõⶫɲ򵥡
ʲô򵥣Ĳ˼ؽɴʵ
Ŷ䣬ҲҴһΨִһ©ʲôҪĶ
ġٴЦЦ˵õС顯ǺǡСֵܵǵˣأǼ˸©
顭˸©Ĳ˼ʧ˳
顯ʲôԡã˸©еô棬Ȥǣ飬ʲô
ô˵ɡڵ绰һͷ˵˼磬ƬϣҲ㼸⡭һ鲿֣ûѺۣûѺۣ
Ĳ˼ϸϸĿһ飬Ȼʮ̵ּ˵ûУ
ͺá˶٣ʵһж顭ԲȦ
Ĳ˼شӲ˵Ÿ಻٣Ÿ
绰ͷʱһ˺һ󣬲˵СֵһοǷˣǺǡǵõһž飬ô˵ɣ飬ĿΪԽӽšÿȦĴСֵԽߣ̫ۣǾͳǧ飬ǾͷôֵǮˣǺǡҿƬϵȦС࣬ǾŸǾ֮ˣǺǡֵǺǡ
һʲôûףǵ֮εļסˣӶʱʵүүܹ֮Ǯ
Ĳ˼翪ᣬ绰ͷȻ˸һºǺЦǰ꣬ձȸһž飬һȦ򣬵ʱĳɽ۾ʹﵽ˰λ
һλ֣ϽָͷһԪʮ١ģǧ
ˡʱӶ찡ˡǧ򡭡ⶫȻֵǧ򡭡
ֻӽ֮󣬾Ȼˡһ˵ϡ
Ĳ˼һΪһʲôˣϽȥ鿴ӡ
ֻ˸ոսӷӾȻģ磬˵ƴƴһҲֻ˰򣬿ǣ㣬һգ۾һǧһգۣһǧôȥ㶼ϵǮˣҵĶȥ
Ĳ˼һȴӵһţû˵ʲôģȻᵣȥ
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СȻСʣЦǺǵ˵ղش̵˵飬ġšŲԤ֪޷Խ޿ȵȾ磬ԣ飬֮еƷȨµԼնĴȱĿǰ˵ĳԼԴ壬ղؼңҲû취ѧĽ͡
ң֮ڣΧĴ£ӹûֹͣһ˵Ƿµ飬⣬˵Ǿ飬ȻŴתĽ˼άСתΪǻۣ־á
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ûʱֵϣû⻰ʳڣӦǲܵģҲ˵֮Ӧǲʲôϵġ
˵ⶫֲãԶҲᳬǧ꣬ȻԼǷ˺üǧ꣡
ô˵ԼֻǼһֵܹǮС©ѡ
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һѪ㶵ӣðβ˵ӣһһأզⶼһһֵء
˵磬ҵı¿ɱȲ㣬˵һǮҲǮ
һӵȥ˺һ̾Ϣ˵ϣͣУ¸µĹʣǰ֧


273 Ĭ
ԤʣȻٲɣϼһݶУžľջʯ̨ʱĲ˼Ҳǳһ渶˼ٿǮǵɳɱ׬Ǯٸ˭ģҲٲĲ˼һݡ
Ĳ˼˵ԼҲзֺ죬ҲҲںǮһԼҲûʲôףԣĲ˼Ҳˣˣ÷ˣ
Ҫʲô۸Ĳ˼ֳɣֶ٣ȴЩͷʹΪڻû취֪ⶫļֵ
ӳ˸⣬ϲ˵ⶫֵλǾͰ͵İλϴֳɣҶˣˮ
Ƴһӣ͸ϴӣϴ󰡡
ӺٺٵЦЦ㻹˵Ҳ֣⣬㿴Լߺߣҵ˼˵ϴ͵İλףٺ٣ɽԣٶʮģٸ˼˼ҲͲƴǣǲǣٺ١
ɣҲһλÿ㹤һ飬ҸһȥûȥӵԴ
Ц˵һܹһĻ㲻Ҹ㶼ɣٺ١˭Ե
˶춷ֲѣʱɣϼҽԺ󻹸˸ʮĸŮӣɣϼ˵ģȥ˲гıķ
ķһɩͭ򹤵ˣȥͦڿ죬Ҳ⣬ǿ˵˼ԼĿζ֮ģȻͰһ齻ɣϼȥԼٺ٣һ˦ƹ
ֻɣϼĲ˼Ҳ֪ô£ԵЩ˲
ɩס˵ЩҪע飬ɩһ˾æˡ
ɣϼҪɩһЩʲôģֻǻûʼȥ˹
ɣϼĲ˼ˣԵЩִ٣Ĳ˼ԵúȣҲǰȥЦǰɣϼһһӡе
ƾŮӵֱɣϼ;Ĳ˼Լôȣ϶ûʲôģɣϼ֪ƾԼݵλ϶ǶĲ˼ģԣɣϼﾾʹţǿҪˮǿĲ˼硣
Լ¡˶ˣɤӣȻͦص˵ͣҵٵʱ䡭
ӲޡʲôСͣҵ١ǡҵǰϦûҵأͣҵ١
Ǻ÷һ°ۣŭϰ廹ϰ壬Ҫ죬ҿ㹤ʣ
ӸϽͷϰ壬ϰ壬˵˵
뿪ҵһʱ䡭ڿҵǰϦԱṹҪһ
ҿǡ١ԱṹǽС˵᲻ݽӺǲʽϣϰ御˵Ļ
ҿٿ顭ϼҰ˼ϣһﲻ鲻֪ʹ
ƤЦ˵۰ɣ۰ɣ۵һӶ벻㣬ǲźأ
Űۣ˺һŭǻ˵Ҫٵ̡ϣҾͳ㡭
𡭡𡭡磬ϴɰǮʲôģһںһ˵Ҫ㣬ʵҲҲ
ġʵż˵һˣ´򹤣мЩ֣룬ҪŵӣһЩɷݣǾֻйɷݴСҾͳֵܣ׽ܣû֣׽оǣԺǼӣǴԼ棬˵Դ˵ŲɹĺôǾأ
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ֻɣϼʹڹ۶ϣɣϼҲ
һԣҲһݣԼ¸ɵúúõģ˵ʳǣԺȲҪһ˹ɶϰ壬ǻö಻ڣ಻ɰؼǣԼûϰ壬⵱ϰʲôԼ֪
̾һ˵ʵǰиƻȥһλʦȥһλѧͽȫˣҲɵöˣ𣿡
ɣϼ˶ܹı⣬ӣȻԼһеȴƫƫڡ
˶Ĭ͵Ĭˣ˵ʵҲӦõģԭǵעʽҴһ£ÿһÿ˰ٷ֮ʮĹɷݣ⣬óٷ֮ʮĹɷݸʦ
ӳ˺ܾã˵һǮǡҡ
ЦЦӵĻһ򣬵ҪһͲҪ˵ˣҲģ˵ӻһɣϼأɣϼǮ¶ʮҪǮǾͲֻˣΪɣϼ
ԣЦЦ˵ɵһ򣬺ٺ٣Ӹող˵ˣҽʣӦɽԣзݣʹɱٺ٣ҾͲֽˡ
룬̲ס˵磬ֻǿЦģ㻹棿
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ǣǡɵϡ𣿵Ȼǣɣϼ֪ںģǮǷ꣬һ꣡
Ĭãɣϼʵôֵ𣿡
˵ⲻϻҪˣ㿴һô
û˵꣬Ĳ˼һЦЦ˵ǰҲ㣬ˣҲҪɣҪǮ
ԴһȦ˺һЦ˵˼磬ӣС΢ٺ١Ҫǡֺαءαظ뷹ءĲңһҵóǸܶʮ
Ĳ˼絭ЦЦ˵ö԰һǮҲǮοôһֻܽʼǧСӣߺߣôС󣬱˵ĲһĲҵ¾ʮ˴ҲСʮ֮һŶ԰ɡ
ЩˣԼΪڸһԣֱһԣ˭֪Щԡ˼һʹͬһ㣬žһȫҪըȻ¶ϵס
˺һòٴ˳˵°ɣӦҪǶ»УҲ˵ӸϼĴʼˣмߣֻͨǵˡ
Ĳ˼ߺߵЦЦתͷӣҲ룬𣿡
ϴ󡭡¶ҡӴŹʲôҲ˵
Ҫ롭Ҫ롭Ҫ롭ɣϼͣ߶ô֣Ҳ˵Ļ
Ҿ͵ȫĬˣߺߣҲǳԿҳ򣬹ɷݣҰٷ֮ʮͿˣĲ˼ЦЦ˶˵ǻʲô𣿡


274 ĺ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵¶ϲɫĲ˼룬͸Ĳմ˱߶ϣҲ˸ɽ
ֻɣϼȴôĲ˼롣
ӣʵ˵ˣຢӴһҲΪຢ֮ĸң˸ӽŽŻõķ
ǣĲ˼ǿຢôУӣͷַǹʣǸʲôģֻǰ㣬ǸС벻Ĳ˼һˣҪӶľѹ
˵ʵ֮УģǱҪоûʲô˸֮ĶǶЩն
ǾûĲ˼˵ȴԶԶӡɣϼУԣĲ˼ҪΪ˵ĹɶûǸҪ
ɣϼôԸǣĲ˼ҲˡɶôưһĻʹӣԼġ桱һ޴ս
ݡλȵȣɣϼϸĲ˼޷⣬ΨһܹĲ˼翹⣬Ĳ˼硰ơĻᣬҲǾܾĲ˼ļ롣
ֻɣɣϼֻѹĵףȴ˵ġ
ֻһԥ֮䣬Ĳ˼羹Ȼ˵ѾĬˣһ˵ƼûУһǡ»ᡯ飬ҲӦͨˡ
ӸɣϼûȷԣЩգѳڣҪҲѾˡ
Ѿ̸ףĲ˼ЦЦ˵飬ϲ̤̤ʵʵң飬ҶҪһЩɿ֤ݣ飬˵ɲСԡ
ʱֵЩˣ󲻵ļŴʼɷݻֵȵҪ飬м಻ɻȱȴּΪġ
ֻƾԼʢΪ򵥵ΪֻҪԼ˵ˣû˷ԣǾϵĶӣⲻ֪Ĳ˼һﾪˣ뵽Щ飬ǲ
£ֻڨڨЦЦ˵ϴѵüǣڰĳ棬ǶǩϿɾˡ
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ٺٵļЦ˵븺ԴĿ죡
ɣϼºǲ⻰˼ԵģҪ˦ƹ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ʲôԴ졯ֻǮ£ŷ͵ĴȥεңҪָֻš
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˵ԼҲ˦ƹ̲סĵġžžɽ죬е˵úá
Ĳ˼ʵ˭˭˵úð
ЦЦ˵öá
ġĲ˼Ƴһۡ
ǽͷݡزĵһۡ
ĸǳһССļţңҲֹˣֻǿǵ䵽ʵʲϣɣϼһ˾ҪˣϾ¿֮Ҳֻɣϼһڵ·һ¹ɷݡ
Ĳ˼İٷ֮ʮʦİٷ֮ʮûļƻҪģԼˡ
ӺԥİԼĹɷóٷ֮壬ҲһЩɣϼһӵ˰ٷ֮ʮĹȨ
Ȼ˵ʲôģĲ˼ȥھ飬Ĳ˼ȴֽʣѹɷݵķ䣬ԼÿҪΣȫγָݣһЭ飬ңرôҶ˸ϸȻǩԼ֡
ֻǴҶûʲôˣǩ꣬Ĳ˼Э飬ЦЦĶ˵ڣߺߣҿ㻹ܵȥ
Ĳ˼ı飬Ȼ䲻֪Ĳһֵĸо
һͱͱ˵磬ôĳЩϣֱһľͷϵڱ飬ôû䵽ҵͷء
б۾ӣŭͲһŹҹڱҵԴϣֱӰιȥ
νЦЦ˹ȥҲΪҸģ
֮ãɣϼѵóҪĲ˼תˣĲ˼Ҳֱӱ˺ţ
ֻĲ˼翴ŵԼϵЦЦʵһǧǮת۾׬˼򱶣ߺߡ̯˼ҿһŮģôô;˲ô
ɫϴ⻰ɾͲôˣڹһУʹۼ©һ˵©ãʲôȡᡢǿǿģһԸԸɲǷ¶԰ɣ
ҲЦЦϴⶫʱûԹ˵м⣬ҿɶƾԷģûʲôν֮˵аҪǲҲǰס
Ĳ˼û뵽ԼһЦӸ˶ƪ۵ķֻþͶҲǣ룬Ҳû֪ǿջʯ̨᳡ôʲô鰡Ҫˤ̨û׼һǧٿǮֻҲ˵һ
ⶼĲ˼뵱ȻĿֻ˵˳Ĳ˼ҲǮҲõİһЩ
̲סЦһ£ãҶǮȴ˲Ļˡ
Ϊûֵ֪ܹǮܹ©飬Ȼռ˵һͣңӸɣϼûմϱߵˣŷһԴҲֻ߰ȨҲûȥƽ鵽ֵܹˡ
ɣϼ֪Ĳ˼˶»ᣬԼɲصʧĿǰ֮£ҲʵҲȫİ취һҲֻܰ̾Ϣһ֮
ڣٵΪֹɣϼԼԼԼһڣԽԽ벻
ɩԸ˼ˣְѷֵģһ緹
˷Ĳ˼ɣϼһ룬ɩʰֻǵʱɣϼͻȻЩϲķ֣ԼĲ˼ǰҲһһҲûС
˵ɣϼĲ˼ӦüнżӣһСľȫˤ˵ϣģȫˤ˸顣
ǵڿУϴ󡭡ֻ𣿡
Ĳ˼һʰƬһŭЩþ˵ģӵȥôţ
ٺٵЦһתԴԲסң˵ôڱҪԴϣΣģû׼һӾˣ
ҡԴ˹Ĵ˵Ǳ֪ڱɹ㻹ʼݣģٺ١ɣͱ֪ˡ
˵һһͷߡ


275 ʦ
ʰˣĲ˼æҪȥЭʽԼһЩıҪĸ˴˸кȻȥ
ɣϼϴЩˮϸˣʢ˵ǰǵ˵ΣҲ֪ʲôʱܿţҵĿ֧ҲСȥվɽյģ⣬Ҳû취ܹʱ
ǩһƻĳȥʵŷ飬ǲܼû޺ãҼҲھϵǶýøһЩǮЩʲôû취ģ
ɣϼ̾һһţϵ飬ûһеġʮ죬ȥҲкüˣֻЩҲһҲûɣȥģҲֻмСͳҲֻаʮǮ
ɣϼ⻰˼ҲѾ˺ܾõһ⣬ûһ۵ʦ
Ȼ˰ѹɷݶ۵ʦǵһȴһܴ⡣
۵ʦƹܽҵһ˵ǱԼŵùҪйӲļΡ
ǣŶãⷽˣ϶һĨڣ˵ȥңܵĶȥء
һŶƤ˵ô磬ҪȻǵϷһƸ
ĬãҡͷͻȻ˵ӣô
ӻûüվ˵ӣߣȥһ¡
ĹͿ˵磬һʲôǾǳ˷ٰݵһͷģʲô£ȥɡ
̰̰˯ɽҲȥȥŭ
ȥʲôֲǲʵ
ȥ֣ۡ
ɣϼ֪˭̲סЩʵʲô
ǽʶһʦһۣȫҶ˽ȥȥ֪ԸⲻԸ˵
ӶûʲôȤ˵Ҫȥ֣ȴڵһ¾վҪߣȴ˵磬õȵҡ
˵ţת¥صԼķ䣬Ƭ̣¥üЦ˵߰ɡ
¶Ĺҵģһʹ˲ٵǮ΢һ֪Ӵʲô⣬ȥ©»ôõ飿
Ц磬б޷һкöǮֲҲҲ׬һ͵İλ
û˵Ȣϱ;ź°ɡ
ΪڼҲûʲô£ҲҪȥɣϼ;ȥҽԺɣ裬һ˱
һΣҪȥģȴֲˣڳಡһӾ͹ȥˣбʲôģҲһӸ˹ȥѱԹȥԼǸ͵İλһûˣ
ǲôֱ̫ӾͰɹιȥ
֪ǼԼģЦЦû̫ж඾㿴ϰϰ¶ˣûʱôؼǣ磬Сö˶˶ͼܹߴͣһ£Żǿö࣬԰ɣ
̧ȾͳӵƨȥһܣһЦҶ㡭Ҷ㡭߲š߲š
˴֣˱·˳⳵˳ٴα֡
ϣϡ˺ܶ࣬ҲΪ̫̫˰ɣԲԸ̯˶˺ЩԣڵĹϣ˺öࡣ
һΣĸ˳ѣ˾ֻǰҲᡰѡ⼸֡
һߣӵǸһӵʱ䣬˾ҪϺüʮĳѣҪԼг˵ҲҪʡһǮɣ磬ҪѧѧԺҪʲôطȥҿ㡭
ٴйҪѪĳ嶯˵ڣӡɣϼǡɶ⳵ЩҪǣ򳵵ǮǵԼԼҲȫǰ¡
Ʋ죺ô˵ҲǸ߹ˣһĸ߹ܣ˵ǹ˾䳵ģ㲻ôСɡ
ŭǸ߹ܣҲֻΪϰ򹤵ˣΪ˭򹤣
룺㰡Ҳ԰ǹɶ򹤣ҲΪԼ
ǲͽˣ˵
˵䣬ֵǰǸŮ̯ӱ߶ϡ
ǸŮŭӭԼǰĶʲô⣬Լ鷳ˣ£Щ䱸Ŀˡ
̧ۿһ飬۲ӦǶ̯ˣתͷŮ̯ɩǰǸͷӣҽܶλأ
Ů̯һ˵Ӧǻؼ˰ɣôʲô£
һŮ̯˵ģȥҰһæֲ֪Ķȥ
æŮ̯Щǣã˵ʲôæ
һ˵ģոǵЩͻ⣬ͻҪҪһЩԣǾڰһЩ
Ů̯΢һڣЦЦ˵ǰЩǶǰɣҲһЩҪλֵܣҲ׺׺Ǻǣʱ򣬽ܷٲλֵܵġ
룬һЩǮ˵ɩ֪Ǹͷİɣܸȥ򣬻סַС˼Ǻǡ
Ů̯Ǯ˼ЦЦǸͷӰɣҲǺ죬˵סһʲôλãҾͲ֪ˡ
һһطܿ㣬Ҫȥң滹ףץץԴǮŵŮ̯ĵ̯ϣͷӣô죬Ҫȥҿ
Ů̯һǮҴҵĵһ£߰ٿ飬Ů̯Ц⣬룬ָǰ治Զ˵ǰǸ̯ӣŵǸǱߴŰɫµͷӣҿǰǸͷһ죬ȥɣߣܹ֪øһЩ
˳Ůָ̯ǸŰ׳µͷӣʹǶţҲóͷĺǿ࣬һͷ׵ͷĿȴЩ
ϽлŮ̯һתҪȥǸͷӣѯ۵䡣
ֻŮ̯ں桰ιһЦ˵ֵܣкõ·ӣɵҪҽܽܰҪ׬ǮɩԷ
һߺҵطţһߡĶӡǸ׳µͷҲʰΣҲ׼̯ˡ
ͷǰòĽһϲ
ͷ̧Ƥӣһëͷӣһ߼ͷʰһʵ£
˵ͷ˵ϲˣ
֪ͷò˵ͷ̧
ʣϲǰҸ˵绰룬ԼȴҪˡ˵
ͷ̧ͷˣϸĴһˣʵĶģ
ЦЦǣĶܺãǻϵЩ
ҲЩͷ˿ˣƺеţôëͷСӣȻҲѧŶ⡣


276 Ǯ
ҲôոգЩԣҪ鷳ϲһ£ϣܹǣҵֻǵЦЦ˵
ǻҪһЩͷתתӣͻȻʵ
ЦЦԼ۸ǸŮһ˺üʮƸйϵ߸ǸŮйϵ̯۰ͰͿԼͻɡ
ֻҲ˼ʲôԼһԶҶģܲ׬Ǯ׬ǮͱҪһ£׬Ǯ⣬Ҳûʲô˼
ȻͷӽЦЦ˵ʵҵĶͷģҪö࣬õö࣬ҪĻǮҲ˵ҪǡҪǡٺ١ָܹһ·Ļ벻ɣҶԸĽܷѡ
˵ţͷ֣濪ָǰ˻Ρ
ӺȤƵЦЦϲǡ
ҿԸǡ١ͷٴλ˻֡
ֺٺٵһЦϲҶ٣ɲҪƭңʦɽ̹ǣ˵һֻϵָͷǡ
ҲЦЦָ˻Σ˵ϲҪܹϲĵ绰䣬ҿԸһٿ顭
ͷһ죬Ƭ̣ڨڨ˵λС˵Цˣ۵ĵ绰룬ҿûУ
˵ţͷЩ̰ĿӹĹҵ
ҲʶȤһٿǮϵ˵࣬ʵô
ͷӿһ˵ĵ绰;ĵַҶ֪Щ£һ㶼ûȥģǰ˵ӵʱҪȥһط
ӰǮͷӣȻʵʲôط
ͷӽӹǮƱϵİǣǶ̫ƱϵˮӡֱȷųƱǼٳСպãȻŰѹõ͵͵ģ˵Ļһ˸ɾ˵ҪȥٽһЩ
Щһͭ壬ͭǶʮɽȴͭǶСƽԭϡ
ֵǣͷӵĿȥĻԴǳһô£
˵ȻҲǸСӣǸطԲǴڽͨҪ֮ϣʲô̼ƼĵطôôĻԴ
Щ֣ͷЦЦЩصĵ˵ѵãոǱ߳ӣϵָպ꣬ٺ٣Ҫ
ԽЩǱ߳ѵᶨӣѵĶû꣬ȥʲô
ͷӼһãȻЦЦ˵ȥһ˫۹๾תţʼվ벻ǹĹҵ
Ҳ벻һͷӵһǮԼĪһǧ飬˵ϲܲ˵һ
ͷӺ̰ĿһǮһڿˮǰҿ˿ûעԼߣЦ˵⻰ɲ⴫Ҹ˵ҲΪǡˣ԰ɡ
ǺǡͷӶ˶٣ż˵ǰǸʲôģ˵ңȻˣ·Ӽƻڣٺ٣ȻʶģͦͶԵʱҲȥ˼λСҲ˵ķϣҲŸ˵
ͷ˵۵Щ£ȤϽ˶䣬ϾǸʲôˣ˵ҲһΪҪ¡
ȴһ䣬ǿһǮķϲ˵İɣҪûǮ°ͣҲ˵
ô˵ɣÿµĽ죬ͻһεᣬǿǽ޻Աμӵģٺ٣ǿɶǻʵ涫е͵ĶУЩˣٺ١
ͷ˵ϼ仰ҪͣٺٵЦʹĶǮһ
ֻһ˵ᣬ׹֪ƷúǸ߰򵥵˵һֵͨĻٻᱻȡҵӶܹ䵽Ǯȴɶܲ㣬Ϊ˰ѣԼ
ң˵ͬ಻㣬Ϊڹ֮£ٲ˼ҵľľγۣ˵κƷǳղصĿģۣȻҪġ
ȻȻģγһЩǶҲҲãڵҶܵõٵʵݣңҪһԭǣڵƷƣԲϸ
ҲγڵϣʲôĻɫУе͵ģǼùĶ߼ٻƷ϶ϡ棬ͿԼʶˡ
ĳҲȻͭĳеشҪڳ棬ǿ϶һΣ֮顣
ܹõ۶ǰ۵ʱйʸ񣬲ڣ䵽ڽͷϰڵ̯ڣϵĺöȻû취ˣܹõֵģҲǵģҿֵǮЩŻ׮ûڽϣ׬СǮա
£ͷǰ˵ЩҲͲˡ
룬ǮݸͷӣȻʵȷȥ
ͷӽӹǮ۾һͷ˵û׿ڸ˵ģ͸ոûãߣ
һ룬ʵҪôܽǸ
ͷǮְǮװˣŴһ˽ȥǣʸ˴š
һ£⻰ʵãǶһô
ӣ̾һ˵ϲܲ鷳һ£үӻ绰ңм
úúáͷӵԴСһ㣺Ҿ˵λСҹظ绰ðɣ
˵ͷŴ˵ӣߣ¥ȥ
ӲˣոһˣǰǰԼɻһǧ飬ָܹϼС©ԼҲմ⣬͵İλԼҲġһأû뵽Ҫ뿪
ۿԼ͵İλèצƵġ
ĥĥ˹֣ٴҳڨЦʵ磬λȥĳѣٺ١˰ɡȻֵܣʿɲò׵ģ԰ɣ
һڣŭȥһ߶ȥ͵ǵѡ
ֹոգ㻹һǧడʹϧ˵ô˵Ҳǹ֧Ŷ԰ɡ
һ⳵ͷʵھҪȥȥȥ
һ˵ȥӶû˵ֱӾ˳ӣһ㲻ǰɣ㻹ҳԣԲǵǮҾͲӣ
ʻλϣͷŭҿԣСĳ㣡
⳵˾λŮģһ˵ӣΪѧҪȥĵطĴ󵨵Ҫٿ飬˵Ҫȥ⣬Ǹ߶Ǯˣ϶㡣
˵ֱӸŰԪƱȻ˵㣬⳵Ұһ죬ô


277 ֦
ȥ·ߣΪ߲ǽͨҪ·ԵЩԣ˵Ҫһ쳵ӣ˾ЦЦҪ˰ٿ飬ң֮Ҫ
˿ʱ䣬ʮչҲĸСʱֻǱߵ·ã˼һŮ˾Ҳû룬˵ȽǮǺǮ
Ů˾ЦЦȵضһ룬Ȼʱٸһɡ
˵ͷҲ˵ùȥ±Ů˾
һ·ϣŮ˾ˣôҪȥҸŮ˾˵ʵֻ˵Ҫȥһĳ˳һŮ˾֪֪
Ů˾Ц˵Ҫȥǳ;ԼһĸĿˣҲͲ̫Ǳߵ
ȻûԼ֪ĶҲͲٶ˵ֲϤԶʧӿڳ
ͭ·Ԥ֮еĻҪһЩԭҲˮ·ģֻΪأСĿӶó⳵ǳ
һΣй̶ڷ·棬ԭĵ·͸խ²ò߶ߣһΣͣһΣ˰СʱҲûϼ·
ǽ·õʲôʱܵ
һһ˰ɰںϣųĸ֮
Ů˾Ҳ޿κΣû취飬ƵʱҲ࣬һҪϡ
ĥĥģѾˡ
Ӳһ׿СӣΧסӶϡ棬γһΣ֮ԽΪˮڶߵΰ֮ˮγһĶСɴϰϰٲһЩŮںϷ۴
ʮĻ˼ңǿεĵشңúϡ裬ӦĵйذɣƻûҪҶһο˶ӦúǮһӣǽߣУ֣޵øͭı࣬ȳıȺ˼ҰȤ
˾˵ˣһˣҲСʱֻ͵ҲͲ˵ˣڵظϣҪȻӿ϶˳ĻҲֻﶺСʱӲ󣬼·϶һ飬СʱҲͲˡ
Ҳûʲô취룬˾ھõȣҲȷһ˼飬˵Լ᲻¶һҹͲˣ㲻컹·ȥ
һĳѣ˾ڴͷ΢ϢͷȥѰ۵ټ
˴ӣ·ֻ֪࣬Ǹʲôط֮£ҲֻĴҹ䣬ϣͼܹ
ƶϣȻ˼ң϶͡Ρ޽ķݣ϶ֺֿؼһضɭޱȣ룬ſڶ˩һߴ͵ǹٲȻǲᡣ
ƶϣһתû뵽ȴ˸գ˰ѷӶ޵ò࣬ӱϿʲô̫Ĳ죡ңû֮еǹ֮ĶȮ
ˣ˻ʮӣתһȦҲ˺üˣɾû֪ʲôˣҲû˼۵ׯ˵ʹǵҲ١߲˹Ϲ˼Ҵ˾ˣרˡڹչССʲôģ϶û취
ӸͷҲһ˵ˮļڣһЩˣժˮ⼾ϴ󲿷ˮû죬˶Ҳ˵Ӧû
ģһ󣬾øղ˼Ҵҵģ϶©һЩҪϸڣԲҲˣڣŻһЩʱ䣬˽λٴδͷ
ֹһΪܹ̾ĳһ٣û뵽֪һҿݵġ
һˣҪ˵ܲҵۣǿ˵ġ
룬ҲǵģҪۣ۽ûȥˣڵֱȥңֱȵƫƫҪϼǧǮ۰Ͱ͵ܵ
Ȼﲻʹ죬ֹţǶķԸǲҵԼʱͷص㣬˳ǰ߹·һ·ϸѰȥ
ߵĵһҼҵϸȥһΣһʮţԼǰһͷǰˮ·ϣӲݡ
ǰȥòĽһš
̧ͷӦһżʵţûʲôطЩ
ЦЦָָԼĶ䣬˵Уѻ˵ôЩӶ䲻̫á
ʹˣ䲻ʹҲû취飬²˰
£ЩٴʵţҪЩָܲܰ·
ŵ˵ͷЦ˵úãˣõĺܣии
ɿЦһ£ԼҪ·ⰢžȻΪʺã˼ôˣ䲻ʹҲܹ˼ҡ
˶٣ֻڨڨЦЦٴʵţָܲܰ·
ǰĺӶȥˣ·ϵҰݣǲ˳ۣ߲ˡŴ
ץץԴǰǰһ£Ҳû˳ֻ֣ӲͷƤٴʵţ⸽ĵط𣿡
һ£ˣ˵ͷǼû߲ˣǰЩ죬Ĳ˶һˣĲ˶أ
žԼһƣȴûӷ˺һ˳һһʯӣˮ·д˼֣·
ŵͷһ׹ЦЦ˵Բ𰡣뵽Ķȥ
ɴ಻дһˣ
һ£ɻˣ㵽Ҫ·˰
Ͻд˵и˼ңҪҵ
ɻ˺һʵģʲô֣ʲô
ۣҪĻһЩƿƿ޹ޣЩͷĶ
û˵ˣҲûʲôƿƿ޹޵㵽ȥɣ˵꣬ЦЦͷȥԹԵֲ·ߵӲ
д֣ſſһ£ЦЦҡҡͷʾԼ֪
ʲȻʧѵ˵ǸͷӸԼϢǼٵģԼˣ۸ûߣȥ˱ʲôط
ҪԼļǧǮǿɾͻЩԩˣоʱ䣡
ֻ룬ͭΧСģҲֻһطˣһ㣬϶ǲм٣˵۵ټǸڱȽεĵطҪ֪Ҳ㲻ʲôϡ档
ԼµĹ򲻹
ʱ䲻ˣҲٵȥ¸ŵ˱Ȼתǰߡ
ֻǻû߳ԶšĽһ
عͷŰԼĽţˮ·ϣӲסĲţģʹ࣬ĳͷҲ˵ϣϽȥš
ûʲôݵʱͷʯϣ³ͷŵĽţЬĽűϣóһء
ҵףҪµ˺һŰס˿ڲ֮䣬Ȼֻ䶼
Ҳ˲ֻ࣬䰴סŵ˿ڣңȥҽԺϾ͵ˣˣû׼Ͼͻзġ


278 ҪҪ
ż˺ԼֹѪʹ˵Улˣû£ũˣƤģһˣȥõƾϴϴûµģȥæİɡ
ŵĻԼҪգȻ֣һи̣ԼҲİ
£һְŰס˿ֹѪһڵдʲô˺أȥҽ
̾һ˵ӣضǲҪȥɡ
ű˱ϣ̤ߣһҲҲãЩʱ䣬Ů˾æ͡
ŷıϣ˵Уллǵĺ⣬û¶
ܲˣżææߣ·ոոӷֵĵطȴ͵ˣһĵطȥεһȦûʲôɵ˼ңĻصͷĵطˡ
ֻһһţϻڲסѪһô£ᶯŰɡ
û˵·ɿŲݣԼ˵ˣ͵ҽԺȥ죬ȥóӿ
˵Լ˵ģǿɫЩ԰ףӻһô͵ˣ׾ͻŪ̵ġ
һ˴⣬Լ¶Ѳ˹ϵԣһߴ٣ӸϽһ㣬ĴȥŮ˾
ãŮ˾˵ЩΣҲû˵ֱӾͰѳӿ˹Žӽ˳ķȻ󼱼ææİѳӿϴ·
ضʵǹСӣСı߶˰ȦӾ͵
ҽһʮ̷꣬Ĺ𼱻ǵĴ˽Ͻʵô£
ĨһѺˮ˵λˣ鷳æ
ˡŮһ̫ŵɫʱǳԾ˵ˣзĿԺܴǼҵĴأ
ӴϢһ˵ǣλǲʶ
ʶŮϺɻ󣺡ʶǻ
һĨˮһ˵˵ģλڲݣҸ·ɵǣҪߣȴ˵ˣԡԣҾ
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ЩԣŮӣ費Ҫмȳ
ҲһסץԴ
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ŮʿҲһȰС壬Ҳܲ˵̶ˣҲӦȾȾ˵ɡ
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СϳһǶ⣬ڶʲôʱˣ㣬ұ֤̾Ͳ£


279 ֮ԩ
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ҲУҪôŪң㶯ְõǹ䣬㾡֣ܶҵŵģûˣ̶첻УȴҺ
ĻʿСݣȥŵԽԽǲһѽС屧סŵܣ޴ҽϽȥˡ
СĻʿһһߴ˵ѾˣһҪȾ˵ҪȻھҪ˴ߣǾҪ֤ݣ
˳£֮䣬ⲻϵľ˸Ӧŵݡʲôġ
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һСøСӣֱӾҰ֣ҵӵҰ
иӣһѼɤӽеǷϻ񣬸ġ
мŮҲߴߴģֱҪȸһ˵
ȻԤƹɶ֮ôҲû뵽Щ˻ᵽز
£תͷ˵ӣԲ㡭
磬Ǵ˵Щƨģ˵Ҫô죬ҶģӹŲӣѪһ˫ۣһ㶢ԽԽȺֻһҪֱǰƴһ
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280 ߵũ
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Ϊʱ䲻ˣԺյģһӰ


281 ũĿ
һԺӣѼµӣҲҪҪȥʲôģӴеϰ塭ϰ塭
һŰɫƷĸŮӦЦЦλСֵܣʲô𣿡
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ӣ˵ʲôóԵģȰæҶ˸ʮǸˡ
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ӻ˻֣ʲôóԣϵʲôҿǶЩˡ
ŮԱ˿ӹĹҵ˵ͷתһҡһˮ裬ŵϣŽȥ׼ˡ
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Ų豭ƷŲ裬ŮԱıӰЩɻʲôܳѼŰצӲ࣬ûͷ䣬òϻɣǸʲôʲôҶֵֹֹۣģƵģ˵ɲһЩôû˵
ˣ磬ôûƷλòãһߺŲ裬һЦڰǮ˾ɫʳƷһ˻Բϡ
ڨڨЦЦɫʳƷ֪֪˴СûôöණҶ֪
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Ц֮䣬ǸŮѾʼϲˣһ̣꣬ȭͷ˶ٵһЩըûƽɫ΢ֽƵм仹ͬһ׷⻹һ̶ݸ
һɵþ治ѣǰʱԵ˵ģСԼûԹķУһ̲ݸӣҲͦϡģԼûҲ֪ôԡ
ȴüЦȲĽӹӣȾͼһŽ漴ּһЩݸͬһ׽һ߽ӻ΢˫ۣ״
ӳԵúܣҲѧӵӣհͽ˳Щ󣬶Һ̣û취ԡ
ӿڵǲļĸ֣䣡
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죬΢΢£ʱеζǽƵĹͣģǳݼ㣡ţٴμһЩݸŽݸܴ࣬ЩζȴǺܺá
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֮佫һ˸׶죬ݸϲ˵ķԱŶ˵ûũȻ֪Щũ˵һСʱļ䣬һּҵζũ壬ԵģԼʳҲǼﳣԵһַҼǵãÿθѡүһַҶϺܶ࡭
һѡүӵЩͳӺѾȥˡ
˺ܾãӲż˵УˣҲʲôݸһҰˣѧа֪İɣտʼԣòôǳ˼أͻ񫡭
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˵ǵǰһһҰζЩɬЩԲߡ
˵ǰũ壬ǸιģֻڣűΪǡɫʳƷ˳ԡ
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ܵ˵ٷЩˣǰгԵ߸ûԹģũֵķˣȷԼԹһЩݾƵĶҪãҪɿڡ
һ̸Цһ߳Ժȣŵ뱥˽Ժӡ
һȽϸߴ󣬴һзͺŴԴһӥۣһ̵ˣ⵶󣬻ˣһɫĺװīӣӦ⵶ıڣˣﶼȫһģһ䡣
⵶Ժӣѡ⨺Ҽ¿ߵһӣĸһ£Ȼ˼ۣŽеϰ
ƷĸŮϽߵǰȵЦӴκ磬ô
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ʱŷ֣ʵũСԺԶԼ壬ǷԱ˵Ҳкü
Ѳ˷ˣϰЦ˵κá
κĵ΢΢˵ͷʾϰ뿪ˡ
ֻϰ뿪֮κģԼڣȴûȥ꣬Ǿڵȴʲôˡ
ֻʱ۾ʱؾͻȥһ֮УŰͷǸֱߵ䡣
ڵı棬ɫģֻͷֱߵȴһɫϢ
ңϢŨңʾĶӦǼֵߵĶ
ڣһһģ䣬һ䷢ϢɫһɫԶԶͷӵϢŨңֵҲӦòǺܸߡ
һĳŷһ߰룬Ǹͷ˵ûĻκĵҲӦ׵ģͷ˵һ£׶ңڶˣ˵Ӧͽˡ
Լϣһ˼Ҷɢؼˡ
Ҳ˵ûеĻӦѾҪ̤˻س̵·Լǰһˡ


282 ԵĹ
ţҸطס취ȥǳ˷ӻȥʱΧǽ棬һĿԣֽˡ
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𣿡ʣͲµˣƢ󣡡
ҡҡͷЦ˵νƣƾŵѹΪõȷ̫󣬲еȺãء
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һҲͬУǼһﻹԡ
ۿЦҡҡͷҪǮƣʵˣܹأ
ũ֣ź߼ǰ߲һף·ϱиС̯̯ϰЩߣϣ̯ӵģһʮ߰꣬Ůӣ̯ӱ󣬱Ǻߡ
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ۺЩ˼ΣȻҪСԼǮ
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283 Կ
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ۿЦһ£ҪǰҲںСǮֻڣҳԷʲôģҶҴӦ
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ôߵˮƽܹѵ˵ȷ࣬ѹֹͷϵĶû꣬
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Ͳ׼۵۵˵˳ֻǱһְĻ˻ȥ
ϣʵǱҲûʲô֪нԾ͸˹ҲմմϵĹ⡣˵
ΪȻЩʧԼԼĻȻһ·ԣЩʧ
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ߵ˶û㣬ǱȴǲסķһĻϵ˵ˣССĶУĽСҲжġ
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284 Ҹǵֻ
˵ͷ׷κ˵ʲôʲôǰתԼȤˣ
ԵÿԶԽ˶¹أÿ˶ԥ򡪡ԣ˵ʵʣʵıûʵҪ˵¹أǹأҲδػã
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ϣ¶ˮģǸںڵģεԴӲ˳һͶˣȻƨܵһߡ
ּۿ죬ͿҪˮһɲǣһץס͵βȻӲľϡ
Ƭ̣˴ˡ
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285 ѪȾ
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ץץԴһ飬ǽĻ⡭㻹
ҲЦЦСֵܣüǮƫͣټǧΣ
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мﶼ룬ֻҪĻǮҲʲô£ǣȴһǮҲҪҩûȥТ裬⼸˶ʱԼͬЦЦȫ۶ǮҲҪµͷ
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Թ㣬ʰһ£׼ȥϾǲЩ˵Ŀġ
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ЦЦʵôܿó
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ǴƷĻͻ˼ɣ¸Եʣ֭Խ󡢱磻Ϊʹãǵ治Ҫ΢İʴԼ֧ŵλĥ𻮺ݺᡢϸܣ۾ңٵĻϵĹ⻬ƽϾܿó
ΪԪ໨һǲõĴԷһĺۼˢˢһĺۼʹù⻬ǷȱִȻͬʹôԷִȽĻƣͻƽϡĶ࣬⻬ҲǴߡ
ô˵ͦ򵥵ģ̲סĴָ۵ˣȻͬ졣
˵ͷǼסЩص㣬漴ʵһֵǮ
ЦЦΪԪ໨ѾгͨԽԪ໨Ҫˣһ¶ǵһ׶ϣһԪ໨ӣʱɽǧӢѸַȥĻǧҡ
һԹ˵ǧӢǶǮ
ǧң۵˵
ڶ࣡΢΢һӸǲ
ô˵໨̣˵ҲҪǧ
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м˷ҵȴӣͷӿŵǸм춯صȣֱرÿһ˶ֻñ˽ܹüڽмۣҾ˲ȥӰˣԣﷴԳһֶе
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ʮӣԪ໨ļۣƸߵǧļλ
ʱ򣬻ž۵ģҲֻˣܽүӣҪǸˣоһĿɬͷӡ
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˵ȷǿһԪ໨ǴĽǶ˵ȥĶֳֽ׬ȡ󣬾ֻеĲۡ
۸ͰǶ˼ҲɵӣҲʲôʣֱӰҪļ۸Ǯ׬
ΪֹϿԶõʽ𣬻޼ɵΪ


286 һ
ܰǮһȻҪתʽҪȥ취໨̣м۶Ѿߴǧ򣬶һڼѵǣĹƣԪ໨̣İɽʱٲǧ򵽰ǧҲ˵ҪһʣʽȻһЩԲԼŽ
ԣ˵ʵʣԹߵĳɱ̽κһֻ׬ȡ۵Ʒ˵Ȼǲʡ
ֽ棬໨̣ձܽǧ߰ٶʮչС
ڶҪĶһ壬ͣۻ벩Ȼţ͵ĺ˵̼գʵǺ֬ʵҪ˵Ǻ֬񣬾ڵ֬Ƕۿ˶ۣʯ֬۶ںüһˣңмС
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ֻɱ֣Ĺ֮ŷķֳǷͼС飬ɣŭ֮£ʧȥ˷磬ŵ±
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ٴδĳһ
ѩΪѰʼʽӼġ֮񡱣ԼҲȥĲر˵ҪҽͷƣʵϣȻȷҵ˽ͷ򼣬ȴһóҲûϡ
⵽ԼãײˣǸһв߻ġı
һʱ֮䣬־Դ


287 㻻
ôһ˵ڻعͷȥԼЩԭ˳µ£ʱãʵЩ飬ÿһ¶һЩɵ㣬ֻԼ̫ȫûаЩɵ㣬ȥ롣
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۵ҡҡͷʲôû˵ң󲿷ֵ˶Ϊ̫ĵԣûţأ֪µ˾ԽԽˡ
ȴ˵ԭֹڴ˰ɣ˵ƤĴ֮ѾʧϣѾûܹرͼ
۲ٴ𻰣һ˫۾ֻǶĿǷ֦һĲرͼ
ʱȥŲرͼм۾ĵ˲࣬ңһСۡ
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ҲΪˣԣڽмϲԵúܼҡ
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һ֮ȻۣϣΪʲô˲£ȴŲɣѵҲǡ
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Ϊ֣ʵ̹ϣ˵ģöʣԼ˵˵ģƣʣǰ״
οԼڸҲ˵һ֮۸Լ˵ôΪ֪飬붼ǿԼһȫĻķϣҪ˵飬Ȼûܹﵽ޻˵ĵزȻԼô˼ٸʵףһֱͣȥ
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ϣǲ;ϵģֻǸոرͼ沢ʮֻ𱬣ƣҲûܵ߳Ҫﵽĳ̶ȣϽŽһϣƱػܵӰ죬ԣ߳ôʱϢӣܹúõĵһ
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ˣܼ©ȻǺãôˡмǰװ׵˵ˣֵ֪£ռ˼©ȻǶ档
ΪеǮңںԼ棡


288 
ˣȻһ̤ĴţϾڱ˵Լ壬һëͷСӣǣɣ̾˻ԸźףԼʧһӵ֮ѻᡣ
Ĭ˺һЦ˵Сֵܣ˵һȻңСֵ˲̹ϣҺϲɣոǼҸ㣬⣬ٸǧҲѻ˵Կ϶ҪԿһЩڴҶԽܵķΧ֮ڵģ
ĻҲ˵ףΪҪԼģȻ͵ҪһЩڴҿ˭ԽܵķΧ֮ڣ𲻵ӣʵݡ
ȻһֻЦ滢Ϊһ׬ǮһӮΧļ˴ӳޡ
ܹ֮ú
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˻ΪԿһЩȻ˼һ˼һͷûУ϶ǲɵģ˵ɾȥҲһܹﵽһǧۣⶫҪģÿǲϲǲԸղء
˵ԿҲͲһԵǧôĿ
ЩۣȻҲǲϣŲرͼһȦֻصԼҲΪģΪ۴ǲİ˵ģһܣ
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ӽʡ˲ʱ䣬ҲúõġԡһѣһƿǮϰ״ףӲǸǸǸӺüٿСѣȻֺǺǵĻصĴ
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һ˵ͷƣȽܹġ
Ǵ΢΢˵ͷʾԼҵط£Ȼתͷ˵ڿԿ𣿡
۵˵ͷȻҪӽ״׵ݹŵмĲ輸ϣ輸ϰڰڷŵģǲߵ֮ĶһЩСӡŴ󾵡С֮Ĺߣһ֪׼
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ʱ۽ֽȫչһųԼʮ֣Ȳʮֵֽţ¶ּĵطֽұߣָͷСι״֣ռԼʮּһطĵط󲿷ֶǿհףֻ·ǵƫҵĵطһɽһһ˫ߣֽһһС֣Сһһɫķ֧ߣ·һһϡ
ֽƬϣһռԼʮּһ֮⣬ģûʲô塪һԲεĻߣһɫķ֧ߣһԲĺ㣬ƾһ㣬˭ܿ
ǲرͼƬ
ǿ϶ģֻͷӡԼǸЩץǣһƬ֣ʵûϵó
˳Ĭ˰ΣһֻȻùһ̨ʼǱԣҳ棬ȻٴҪ˺ţٴתǧ


289 и
Ҳ֪һĶŲرͼӳȥϰ״׵ʱżһ˵еԭίæҵҪŲرͼȥȻ𣬾ǰһ飬⣬ټǧ
Ҳ˼ټǧģԼͷˣǮһԣȻǲñڱԼ˵̡
кöҪǲǴǮһǮȥܲ˵ԼС˰ɡ
ҲиǾǱ뱣֤ŲرͼģңҪֳ򿪡
ѯһۣõĴǿԴ򿪣ŷĴ󵨵ĸԤЭ飬ٴν
ֻΪ˱ⱳ˶Լ˵̣Ǿ֤һĿɬͷӣһӡ
ڣرͼѾˣңֽŻ֣˵ⲻһαĶģȻ߶öȻǲܻŵ²Խľ黹˻ٸǧ
ԼҲֽţȻڨڨЦۣ֣һ壿
ҡҡͷԼڹдҲǺüʮˣǴûôŹֵ֣ҪŪ֣£ȥרоֵмҡ
һŶ˵壬֣ǼһΣֽ桭
۾һæʵʲôط
ԵİԼǰЩľ˵һ飬˵ȻǸطٵˣ֣ҼǵúԿ϶˵ֽϵ֣Ǹطͬһ֡
˵ţҪֽʣƾż䣬ԼԨߵĳǽϵǼ
дֽ֮Ȼ˵壬ֽĵȷȷǸʼʡ֮񡯳˹ϵ˵ʼʵûʲôȤĻԸǧļ۸Լһͼֽٻ
һ㵣漴Ц޶Ǿǰǰһڣһ˭ҲķֽҾóԿˣǺǡҸ㡭˺ĳ˸Ǽ֮οǲĸʼʳϹϵƾֽţԼּѾǴ׬һʣ
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һֱĴӣҲǵ˵ͷСģ˵׬ˣǾ׬ˣֽ֪ϵ֣ȷвɹоֵô˵ɣʮǰμӹһᣬĳһĵͭͭ۸񣬲ͭģļƼ۵ģǸʱÿһֵַڶʮԪ˵ȷ׬ˣ
ǲ׬ˣûףԼ׬׬һѣԸúܣŲرͼԼȥԼֻ˻ֱ˻˳ȥ̣һŲرͼԼһλ㡣
ٺѼ䣬۸ӣ˱ǣۻ뵽ȥոմʦ֮׬ĹǮȻҲЩǮ۴ΪͶʵʽ𣬰
˴ʱѾ䵭ǰЩǧĶӦѾĵòˣʣģֻһЩ׵Ļɫ
ЩĲؼңǲôЩģΪЩֵûжֵռ䣬˵ֻǴô
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˵ЩֵĶȴǡö˵θڣȻ΢ɱҲò˶١
֣ʵЩֵˣҲкüˣֻǲ֪ЩˣǲҲһΪɬӲŻЩֵ΢ĶȤ
˸ոã߳ɾһֵһһ룬һӣͦͨҤĲƷ׼ǧ壬һٿǮһλ
ȻֳϻкöûߵĴؼңǶⶫȤȲ˾˼
ڳĴңȻżҲһμۣǶֻǵź棬Ҫԣϲ֡
ֺƣĽǵǧˣۼһռ䣬ǧˣҲͻٿǮ󣬵ǣɶͲỮˣԣ͸ɴ˳˾ۣȴһֵľġ
ǧٿĳɽۣһɽӵͷߡ
ļ־ģͭȵȣΪռ䱻ѹ˼ޣһҲҽ֣ԣһֱֿտա
ʵֳϵһЩ򸻺ڶֵģҲΪ٣ȻЩûǮؼûĶżһһذɣȴԣûռ䣬ۣҲûжԵˡ
ۿ볡ԽԽ࣬ԽԽ壬Ѿǵβˣϳ֮⣬Ҳ߸ˡ
߸˵УǸκĵɽӡܽԼ⼸һԵͼ۵ƷȤˡ
ʱ߳˵ǽһˣɵͭģ̵̳̳޹ʲôģһżƷֵܼģٿļӼ۳롣
۵ļ㣬ЩУм״һʲ壬ÿ۶ܴﵽǧңһ͵峯ڷͭӣ۸Ҫ΢һ㣬ֵܹһ飬پǻһʵΪ֡صɽӣҲܹǧ飬֮⣬ֻһǧǧҡ
ĵͼۣٿһλһɱյĳɽۣҲ͵ңԣ۸˵ʵƫߣ嵽֮Ӱ˵Ŀ֧ȥҪһǧȥҲ˵ż۲ĻõĽҲֻңռֻǧ顣
վĽǶ˵ģڵ̯ˣûʲôˡ
ԣڼ۸˵ʱ򣬾ͲټӼˣʹֻȥҲܱȵǮˬ
ֻ˭Ҳ뵽£˵׬˼ѣֳ̼Ҳһأ
ӲмĿһ˵簡ϲǸ˵ˣЩû׬ͷ㵱ǮǲǣҪǮҰѽĳѿ֧в
ЦЦӣѡ֧ǲ㱨ˣҽͷһѣζζ̳ϵζ
Ҫԣ԰ɣҲס㣬ҿҪ˵ͷˣиͬ㵱Ǯ׬㲻һݣҪǵûκιϵˣû˵
ΪԼô˵ٲ˾ͻԼҲͰעתƿȥû뵽ǳ˷磬ھļ۸Ѿﵽ£ּ١
ڳˣֻһϴˣͰֵҲ֪ģжռ䣬ҲǱ˭ס
ڵǧٿļλϣܹ׬һģмλر·֮⣬¾׼ûȥԼٵԴγˡ
ڵӶû޺ãôж·أȥԼٵ棬ԴγõȥƭˣȻ
ЩһҲռƫƫ͸һ㣬Ǹɽӽ˾
˶ǳŸ첲ַмۣ˭Ҳ˭
ֱѼ۸̧ߵһǧ壬ɽڰȥˣ۸Ǵа·ãһǧٿĵô˵Ҳٲ˵ˡ
ɽ۶ЦЦڲٳˡ


290 
ܽκĵЩȴЩ֣ոֳ¶һֱ֣Ӿͽǧ򣬰˵ⲻһСĿ˱ˣһҲδܹһбҪһɹܣ׬ëëǮϾô
ѵһУʲôβɣ
ܽκĵ˾ǰţҪҪǮЩ
ֻǼһԥ֮䣬߳Ѿİɽ飬ת˸ߡ
ܽҧҧߵߣһЦݣʵСֵܣһ£֪Сֵܷ𣿡
ЦЦϲ˵
ӦҲǸи֣Щ֮еֵǮǣСֵôչءܽһ档
΢΢һ֮ϽЦŴǱиСӣҪˣǼûʲôҿЩģԺŵʱ򣬰ڼϣո
ɣȷ˵ùȥܽһ֮شԼ¾͸Ӿ⣬һЩ֮УһûĺöҲ˵Ӧ˸©
ϼ©һȺϼ޻мƤӵ¼©ߺߡ
ܽ΢һĬ漴˵СֵܣأǣҡͻȻҲ𣬺ҪһĵͼֵĶСֵܷҲûȥҪȻϼ
ܽһ˵һ߰Թɫϣܹһ
Ȼһ˵ܽҪԼĶɳãŻ˵֪үӡеһ
еţܽ淢Լץסβͣ£ܽЦЦ⽫ĿǼɨɨȥ
ܽĿͣǸͭϵʱܽʱһ΢΢ı仯һ仯ֻһţ˲
ܽʱЩףϽԼĿƿװźϸȥĶ
ܽĿתʱƺһ
ܽ͸ȷԼ뷨һͭΣֻǼ鿴ܽһͷˮͭӣȷģ˵Ҫ˵ֵܹȥһһ㣬̫ļֵ
һΪʲôôںͭأ
ܽ˼⣬ȴƫƫֲġΪܽԼҲй©ľȻǼ©϶Ͳʵĵط˵ҪȻǾͲм©ˣɫԵľǺѸͭӣңƺֵӦԶԶĳ˵
ܽ˺һŽһ̽˵СֵܣҿЩ࣬ҪƼ
ǰЦЦүһҪҵȻҪȫһԴ벻ʺ͸һѣ⣬ɽҲͦá
˵˼ڲǸͭӣԲȥˣôǰģֲͭС㰤˳˵ܺԹȥġ
ֻ˵ڡá
ܽЦЦҲã˵⼸ҶҪˣ˵ۣˣ
Ҳ͸ܽ«ʲôҩЦһ˵⼸Ļ۸ÿʮ飬׬ٿ鳵ѣµģҴȥô
ôһ˵ܽЦЦȻ˵Ҳãļ۲һǧ壬ת׬ǧ壬壬еһҡ
һԥ
һ޲̽еĶܽȻǮˣһת۾תǧ壬һ˵һµĹʰ
ԥܽ͸еˣ½ܾ˵򣬰СֵܵĶȫ
̲סҡҡͷ˵үӣĶôǶԣһҪͭӡ
¶βˣԼڿͭӵʱɫȻ˵ֻͭӻе⡣
ţܽ΢΢һ£˵ôСֵܶͭرϲ
Ƭ̣˵ǣүӣͭǼٵģȻүҪҾͱѻ˵ҪȻҿɳﲻ𡣡
ǺǡܽЦ˵ģɾЩˣҪ˵Ʒ˺üؿڲϵӣڳЩϼһôῴˣ϶ģֵֻ
ܽЦЦٵģôǼٵģСֵܣҿǰߵļ۸ڸ˵ˣҪҾҪͭӣ򡭡
ԽǲԸԽ˵ͭǼٵģܽԽǲţֱӰͭӵļ۸ߵ
̾͹ϵӦܽҲῼһǲԼˣƫƫܽô˵ʱּ˵үӣӣĲֵʲôǮǼٵģ⡭
ԱһҲĴɻ󣬼ٵģôԼأѵ˵ʲô˵ļ⣬оǣģᶮôࣿ
ֻܽڸ̸⣬ڹأȻǲܲģ£ҲֻܹһϸȥǸͭޣϣܹҳٵ֤ݡ
òУֻޣȴƴ˵ԼĶεĺãû˵ԼҪԼĶ˵һĲֵġ
ǽȴͳ˸ת׬ǧ࣬⵱ȻȲһգǧĽˣСҲⰡ
Ͳʹ
Ա߻мˣɽӣҲǶΪȻ컹˼ϡ°ڳˣǸڹʮˣ˭֪ⶫģƫƫëСվ˵ǼٵġһǶ⣬ǽڳļȫˣ
ϣҲмٻƷҲĳһ£ҪȻĳ̾˷Ǽٵģƶˡ
ģڲƵ¡
ԣҶǲҪ˵ӳî
ܽҲЦЦСֵܣ⻰ɲ˵Ȼ֪ǼٵģΪʲôⶫ
ҪЩǰŪ˵ӳîȻҲǲᣬܽҲֻ˳˵˵Ҳ϶ֻ᲻ýͭԼƴ֮ԣ˸ڣԼ
ֻǣ̫ᣬҽڶҲһһɣ˼һ仰ͰѻԸˡ
ң˵ԽԽ˵ã
СֵܣڼǮûܴﵽԤڣǻеɣһҪͭӣһڼۣʮôܽЦģ˵ٴǼۡ
ʮѾһֻˣһ⣬ӼԥǸͭޣֱ͵ܽǰ˵үӣʮⶫˡ
ܽЦЦȴȥͭӣ΢Цѡ
̾һһֵֻǮͭӣһת۷˺üʮ֪ܽǮԣһУر˷衣
̾ܽ΢΢һЦתͷܾ˵תˡ
ֱܾóƽԣûʻӾͰ˺˵˳
֮䣬׳ɹܾصذѽ׳ɹҳҳݵǰĿ
ʱ򣬽׳ɹܽŽֻͭӣõϸĿһᣬָ˼¹ӣȴȻʲôΡ
˺һܽ˵Сֵܣ˵ⶫûָܲһ˼ĻǺǡѯѣ˵ǣ
ܽ⻰ҲǰʾǸ©ĻֻҪָ©ļֵԸһʡ͡


291 ֵǮĶ
ֻٴ̾һЦٴ˵үӣһֵǮĶƭүӰ
ôⶫֵǮǾǼٵˣּʲôطܽɫԵİ
ֻܽЩģǰǾڷƴڸǮѻҲ˵ˣҪʲôԼܿĴ©ֻҪָд͵ģǵڣһֱ˵Ǽٵġ
ǼٵģһֱԼģֻΪͭǼٵģƷ
ʲôط
Цһ£˵Ǽٵģ˵Ǹճ𣿿ǣûŵǹζ෴һζ
ճĶȷлйζζ̵ֻܱܶһʱ䣬ڳ֮󣬻Ҫϴʲôģ͵ζĻӷ΢һ˶û취ŵó
Ͼڵصһʱ䣬ʼնζӡǣϸעĻֱܷ
Ľͣе˶˵ͷͬʱҲǻɣŵһ϶ѾŲζ
ʵô˵ҲǱΣҪ˵ͭӵ϶˵ģңҲͽֻƷ֮Уͬͭ棬ŨȶٶеҲͽֻͭӵġ΢ӽͭʵıɫƫƫȴЩߡƣԼľжϣ֪ʵֵ˶Ǯļٻ
ֻǸݿıж飬Ȼ˵ǣֻùʼݣ˵Լ
ܽŰɣͭӴյ棬ʹᣬȻͭһ˿޵ζȻ˵֡ζԵǣһ˵ζңԵĲͬζ
ܽ϶ʱѿͭӵ͡ɫͼһ˵ͭӾģûȥעⶫζ
ʵϣһ˼ʮˣҴҶмемңһ۾ܿóٵģ涼ʵȻҲûȥעġζˡ
ѵʮǮһٻƷܽɫһӱѿ
ȻȫԼƻɣŪɳ׾£˵˺ü飬˵ͭӲֵǮģԼƫƫͲΪ춫ڷԼƴԼΪǸʲôĴ©
ԭֻԼţǼ⣬֪ͷԭõһöģԼֳԼһ⡣
ЦЦ˵ǼٻֵǮԣүǮ
ܽͻȻЦЦʲô˼ΪʮǮʹǰɣٺ٣ĳ˵ǮȻ࣬ҪĳΪʮСǮߺߣĳһˣ飬һǸɲǺǡ
ܽȻʹˣʮ򣬲ʮ飬ǮܽһˣȴûԼ飬һΣܽȻҲԲ⡪һˣڱ˵Լǿȡᣬѹƭˡ
ʮǮСĶǼܱϵģԼһˣһ˲ӵ˵ʵǲֵá
ܽô˵ҲȰ˵ջʮתͷ룬˵үӣǸʲ廹ǿֵǮͷ͸ϣ˼ҡ
ܽٺһЦһӣˣˣǰҪ˵ǮǮˣ˵ҺһǮҲûУһߺߡ㻹æİɣҲˣ
ĺ⣬ܽ飬Ҳö˵һϽ˵үӣǾͲˣˡԶ͡ߺá
ܽһȥ
Χ۵ļˣȴɲ֪ͭǼ٣Ͼ˵ζ죬ЩΧ۵ȴҲֱ治֪ǿζֱ٣⼸˶ǲΪȻ
ȻŶҲȷСšһǱϾֻеһ棬Ҳֻƾһ˽ۣˣͭӵǼ٣ɻֻһֵȶ⡣
⼸˶ҡͷŵɢ˿ȥ˷µİ˼͹ֽװṩֽ
Ǽֵ߰һģṩװҪṩ֮ķЩǼֵҲͽֻǻṩһЩװҪķϾɱֽֽ֮ĶȻҲԸҪרĳǾԲѵġ
ϲģЩʰϣҪ⳵ȥôʱκĵͬʱ˹
κĵǺǺǵЦһ˵Сֵ˵һֵЩǮĶ֪ܲøҿ
ȴ˵˵λ⳵ģҲҳˣҪȥͬһˣ˳λҪҪߣ
˲һ𿪿ڣ˵˵ʵʣ΢һȻشκĵҲôֵǮҪҲûʲôԣӣǸʲó
Ȼתͷ˵壬˳ٺòˣ壬ߡ
˵ͷЦЦһЩ¶ɣҿԵȵģæ
۸һлһ
ʱӽǸʲִֽ˳͵κĵǰ
κĵ򿪱ֽȡʲ壬ϿһȻ̧ͷʵСֵܸܲҽܽⶫֵǮʲôطֵǮ
ЦЦ˵ҲǹеĸִңĸҰŪ˼һҪҵĻⷽĻֻ»˼ʧ
һЦЦ˵ʲ壬Ǭ¡ҤƷʹ󷽺أͼ
һʱ䣬κĵʲŵ㣬˵ͬУߵģԴﵽ顭ȵЩصļš
ֻκĵҲм֣۵ĽͲȻҲǲмһˡЩȫѾ֪ģҲΪѾ֪ģߵļǮԤŶ۵˵мһˡ
κĵҪ˵ΪóϣῪʼ֮óı𽻻ʱκĵͿرע⵽һһ
þ𽻻κĵú⣬һëͷСӣôĶ
ңӣûЩرֵǮ˵ղһٸܽ˵ʲֵЩǮû˵ٻĻʲһֵǮ
κĵ뵽ģֻʲ壬Լ峯ڵƷ֮⣬ԼʵǿֵǮʲôطۆµ˵һѣȻԼҪ֪ļֵڣ
ԣֵǮĵط»ҪԼܹ˵


292 ԭ
û뵽ǣЦЦ˵ҷʲ壬һıȲ̫һһɣ֮ǿʲ彫һ߸߶ȣȴֻм磬Ӧ˵Ǹױʲ壬ͻءٺ٣ŴҶټ͵ıʲɡ
ءκĵһʲôأнһĵײôҤĲƷֲǹҤģҤĶʲôءֱںˣ
ôɣκĵֱеգƾ˵ֵЩǮֱе֡
ֻκĵǲҰձϣͭǵĵؽͲ˵ˣԱ߻վء
϶ЦԼҪȻˡ
룬κĵʵ˵ֵǮֵǮ
ЦЦ˵ֵǮҲû׼ҪԸĻҿʲ壬ͷǿӣ
ͷǿӣκĵɫȥЦԼͷǿӣֵ٣Լ֪ƾôƱʲ壬뻻ߺߡ
ֻһ˵ҪüЦĶκĵ˵κϸ磬ҪҪ
κĵǼ˵ƾƱʲ壬ƾһӣǡء뻻Լǿӣ˿ǿӻ࣬Ķ붼Ҫ롣
κĵʲ廹˵ҪǮҿ򡣡
ҡҡͷԸ⻻ĻȻû˵ǻҾֻöԲˣ
ȻˣκĵҲûʲô˵ˣҡҡͷ˵ˡȻתͷȥ
κĵ뿪ЦСֵܣ㻻Ҹ㻻ô˵Ҫʲô
Ȼ˵ǸЦ滢ǸཻΣҲвٺøУˬ졢ֱϲˡ
£ЦЦ˵壬Ҫǿⶫ͸ཻһ
˵Сֵܣɲ˵㣬Ӧò֪ϲľǸ˼ҽҲΪ˲ϲǷ˼ҵ飬ΪڽУע˸صĻͻ˿ɲϲ顣
ЦЦôЩǮˣһƢô죬ĺ׽
Ҳ̸ʲôǮˣϲԼϲ£Լԭڡϣһֱԭ򣬺Ǻǡ㲻ʲô졣𵭵˵
ʱѾеĶװ׵Сֽӣһ˱һ׼ͷس̡
ֵ˸Уһߣһ߸졣
ֻҾЩ֣κװŵģɲֻֻܹһǮĶƾصıʲ壬ƣһߴ·һ˵
Ŷôװŵʲô֪ʵ
һߣһߵͷ˵ҲһΣ֪һʯģÿһһЩʯμᣬҪôֽҪô˽ǺǡˣһҲϲ˽ٺ٣ֻ˽𣬻ֻһСѧǺǡ
ԭˣһ
֪κĵЩֵǮĶ֪ЩʲôֲãһӻᷢϢԭֻЩʯ
һҪȥˡ
ĸʱѾҹˣׯĵ·϶·ƣңۡ·죬Ƶ˼ӣ·ũֵʱ򣬼滹еƹ⣬ȥѼķֻϼ˳Ÿųӵĵط
ųӣҹͭϡ
һ߿һڸʻλϵǸʲ壬֮Ӧòֻǵ׶ˣӦûĵطĵطֵǮڡ
ЦŻش˵ʵԼľ;ǸʲǿӣЩ֣ΪǲͨʵҪΪʲôԼҲûʱȥ̽ԼֵĶӦþǻֵһЩǮġ
ЦƢҲмƣǾֻҪԼϲĶǾ޼֮
ϣ·ҲûʲôȻ·ܲߵĺû˶³谭ʮ·Ҳܿˡ
ָһֱѳӿ·ıſڣͣ
ɣϼţ۽Ϣ
Ҳ㵽ļϾ˻رϤֽ飬ȥǲ㡣
Ǹʲ壬ҲͰѳͣԺȻ˽ۣȻҲ桱һᡣ
ɣϼһ˯죬ЩǸ⣬ҹģӱô˵ЩΡ
ֻɣϼһۣʵ˰ɣȥ
һֲ֧ͷ˵㣬Ҫġ
ɣϼ˵ͷ˵֪ġ
ֺٺٵЦ˵㣬²¿Ƕʲôöˣ
ɣϼش˵ʲôУҲҪÿγȥҴúõչԼҵģɱȸҴʲôá
⻰˵ģ˸мţرС
ϼݸɣϼ˵ģӡ
һ˵ǸɣģɣϼǸмǳԾô㣬ûǮ
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΢˵˼䣬ɣϼż㣬ȥΪ׼ҹ
תȥɣϼ̲סʵλǡ
ЦЦԵĽһɣϼݣͬӵҲһ˵˳
һһէģһΪֵأû뵽û뵽ǡ
Ҳرĸдʵϡܹںһ𣬱һ˶Ҫȣ¼δš
Ը̾һְѻתѵǸʲ档
ʱҲûʲô˼ˣֱӴֽ䣬ȡǸʲ壬򿪣Ȼ͵ǰص˵壬ϲĻҼǮҾͰ㡣
ڶԭأòı˷ʽ
𵭵һЦ⣬Խܣʲ壬ֻǼǮĻǲҪ
ǼǮ̫ߣǼǮ̫͡
˭ԼеǮңرԣ
һԸֵĻҪôͰԼԭҪôȵļǮףԿԼǷ飬
Ȼ˼Ҳʵûа취ˣ£ȥһѴ
һԸӣ˶ʱ
Ϊ˶˵һ£˵ĳһν׻ϣиҲǷһͦͨĺױʲ壬˵ˤʲ֮󣬾ȻӱʲƬҵһ΢
ѵʲ壬ҲͬĹ£
ô򵥵飬ôûõء
һȦǰЩƷķﶼһߣûҵԼҪҵĴӣֻֿտյĻ


293 
һ뵽ʱǺǵЦһ˵Сֵܣȥʲôˣһ仰ǻҪǮ
Ц壬ԼɣҿҪѻ˵ͷʲ嵽ʲôļֵҿһҲûףʱ򣬿׬ˣǺǡ
֪ʲô𣿡Ц˵һģԸñ˳Կһ㣬ǲҲΪģ׾ͻᱻãҲͳȱ㣬ǺǡҲ˵ˣⶫҪˣýŲرͼ
һŲرͼͬҲû֪ļֵ٣϶Ǽǧ飬ΪһĿǰ֪ʲôʲôֵıʲ壬ȻҪŲرͼ⵱Ǯԡ
ѵԣֲҪͶصĳ嶯ϣѣ
պ˱ʲ壬ȻֽŲرͼ˳˵ϲ˽ҲһЩϲ̽Ѱ֮Ļлᣬ֪ⱦͼϵܣҪȥ̽ѰĻҪǸҴкΪһӵô
ͷѣϲܹرͼܣһȥ̽Ѱ϶ͻȤöࡣ
ңΪ֮һҲܲӦ
ֻȴǰ̾һ𣬲ΪЦ滢һŲرͼЩֵҲضıֵǮȴÿܵĻҪȥѰұϣһΪ취ƽܣѰұأһ˵ùûʣȻ
Ҳô룬ӵĿкܴĲͬܣ˵򵥣ŲرͼҲ֪кü飬ܲ붼Ǹ⣬ˣ˭֪Ǹʲôʱܽÿ
Ŀǰ˵Ųرͼڼ֮ٴλص׬׬һʣң׬ҶĲѣѾֵصϲһ
ĵ׬ǮȻһֵø˵飬ڲرͼܣǾȴǺ󻰡
ڶһ磬û𴲣˽ΪģΪ˵һ仰ֵиͬ£۾Ͳ˵ˣ¶Ҳ˵ˣһŲ˵Ǽ
Ӱָͷ㣬رͼֵ֪ͭ޶׬ʮôҲһݶɣģҲ̰Եĺȵģȥֽһǧ壬ٺ٣磬ɲˡ
űӣͣڴϴʵڵֵסˣͷӵϣŭǧûˣͷ
ͷŶ壬ģ˭Ӵ
㵽ҪôŶ䣬Ҳ
ֹסһ˵磬㲻ұЩ֧Ҳûϵһ졭
һ죬Ȼ֪ζʲô£ǿһЦЦЦ˵ǻǿ֧ɡ
ҡִ˭ǧģ¾ʣˡ
ҲֱӴӴվУԣӣʣһ塭
ţɣϼüͷվűߣ˵ϴСˣûСƵĻ֣Ͷأ
סⶰ죬ÿӶҪڵķ󳳴һ٣治֪һëǹġ
һɣϼվſڣæץΧ䣬˵㣬˵ĵ̣㡭ɲܡ͵
ɣϼͷ˵˭͵㰡ʲôÿģߡ
ֻɣϼһ˵꣬ϸ죬ҪγѪƵģոգԼǿһ۾ӵңá͡۹ȥģֵֻ𾢣ûע⵽ѡ
㲻͵
ȥҡҪӡΧŴѵ˵
ɣϼתȥһһ˵Ĳðˣ˵ٲȥ
һ˵Ĳ˼ˣһֵòˣеҲˣϽҴææϴһ£Ȼ¥
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¥Ĳ˼üͷһ˵ʲôʱˣôô̰˯
ʱȷѾܲˣʮһ룬ʱ𴲣治̰˯̫ˡ
˸ǷĲ˼磺ô磬ʲô𣿡
һԣǹϴ簡
Ĳ˼˵磬ǲڣҴһ£˵ǱмҪ⣬ȥһ飬ҪܹĻǾĿ⡭
Ŷһ˵ȻúãǾȥ¶ôС
ʲô˼Ĳ˼ЩŭԼȶܶˣģȻ̬ȡ
Ҳƨһţ˵ϴǰͲһ
˭֪ƳһӣҲǹɶǴҶ飬Ӧõģ⣬⵽һ棬һ߾ӪһߵȴԼؽǺ¶ȥ˼ȥ·ְȨ˵ҶãôһϲѺĵ¿ηΰ
㡭һû˻˵
㡭Ĳ˼ҲЩᣬô˵Ĳ˼һȴַ
£Ĳ˼硢ɣϼȥԼҪȥԴ⻰˵ˣγЭġ
飬ҲǡԴһģǣȻĲ˼ȡ족ˣҪôȻȥӡ
˭ѵһȥĲ˼û˵
Ҳǲаǵ֧渶˶٣ֻҪ˵һ˭ҲϣӣҲϣ
ҡԴΪѣ˵ҵǲҲϣЩǿɾͲ˵ˣ죬һ˺üǧ飬ɾ˲ˣУ˵ҪиͬģЩһת۾ǵĸɸɾˡ
ܻĺһôѺǰ仰˵˭˵Լȥ
еһ죬漴Ц˵ǣ㲻ûûѣ׬׬һʰٺ٣㲻֪˵һ㶼ֻǰ䰡
ߵӱϣɩ͹㣬һݺݵҧһڣҧϵķƵģȻҧ˵Эϣüһ򹫳÷Ը棬ٷ֮ʮɸΪԭʼʽ𡣡
Ĳ˼硢ɣϼ˾ҶǹɶôҲô
ΨһˣðһĽ飬˫޳ɣһӦôЧźá
Ĳ˼ɣϼʣ˵֪ɣ׬ˣǰٷ֮ʮɸ˵Ҳһǧ򣡡
һǧ򡭡ɣϼһ춼ЩʲôŰٷ֮ʮһǧ򣬾ȥҲûôɣôġ
һǧ򡭡Ĳ˼ҲЩԾ׬ǮһԼ֪ģô׬ǮǾе˳Ծˡ


294 𲻴ӦҶ
ڨڨЦЦʲôóԾģ΢һ𣿡
һ˵ãҲһ棬죬̨һˤ֮£Ȼ˦һ飬ȥһرͼȥѲرͼ˻˼ǧǮ
Ӱϣܽʮ򣬴˸ĲֵͭӣǮ˵ɣϼ񡭡ЦЩˣǮյġ
˵þʣĲ˼Ҳ̲סչһЦͬʱҲΪԵ̾
ֻ˵ôһصĲ˼粻ɵöһ䣬ʲôط
һ˵ϵɫһ䣬±ʾصʲôطԼ˵û£Ҫô֪Լй¶ˡܡԼԺҲͲһлȥˡ
˵Ĳ˼һҪʩչпᡱֶΣ̹ףֻԹƬ̣Ĳ˼ϵɫֵȻٹˡ
Щ棬ҪǷŵǰֱǲ˼飬ѵĲ˼תӣ
Ĳ˼絭˵磬ҵĴְѾˡ
һΣֵӵ˳Ծˡ
Ĳ˼Ĵְˣ⣬ģ
κ˶ûϵԼģżʲôĲ˼絭˵
Ժ󡭡ô죿˹˹Ĳ˼硣
Ĳ˼ɵĴԺҾǵеһԱиͬ
Цһ£ԭΪĲ˼ֻΪ˺棬żԼСŵģºˣһһиͬԼģ
ͣɣϼʵ죬ûʲô¶ɣ磬Ժ
ɣҪԺӦûɣ˵ųԺ
ɣϼȻһۣûָҪЩԣǰԺ
ã磬һȥؼҡЦЦ˵
˭֪Ĳ˼һҲ˵һʱ䣬ڼסţܷ˵ΪϵҪҾϼһס졭
ʵģô뵽ҪסСӣòͷǰɡ
Ĳ˼絭˵˵ʲôҲûˣҰѶˣӦӦҶù
ǲɣݾֻܾ޿κεҡҡͷɣⶰǿŵķ䡣
ڰһţ˵㶼ľͷ
ǲǡľͷԼǳ£Щ£ֻܡľͷȥ
ò׳ţɣϼȥҽԺɣԺˣɣϼԼãԼӡĲ˼ȥֵǼӿȻͷ͹ȥɣԺ
֮Ĳ˼ĳӣٴǰ֡
һ·ϣĲ˼ѳӿúһµӣǱ۾ȥĲ˼˵⵱죬ûһ϶һ¡
˺ӣҲʮ֪Ȥﲥŵĸﲻͣغߺš
Ҳһӵʱ䣬˹ַ֣Ƿ
Ĳ˼絽ͣѳͣ£Ų˷ﴩС
û߼ֿϰ̯λŮ̯ԶüЦʵСֵܣ𣿡
˵ͷٴлλŮ̯
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵û뵽˻ͦԵİ˭㣬ȵòˡ
ͷϣһǰһЦǱģûԵôأ
˵һõģβ;졭֪ô£Ĳ˼˵⻰Ӷŵһζ
߼ԭ۵Ǹ̯λڻ˸һˣƣΪûûҲû
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ǰߣ촩׳µǸͷӻڣҲüЦкһ
СֵܣһؼңŪ˼ϡŵģͷӲɷ˵ק͵̯ӱ϶
ȻͷָһŰײˣЦе˵涫úõĿ
ĵĿһ۵̯ϵǿŰײˣʵصȷϵģ٣ҲֵЩǮٵ̫̰ģӲİϵʵΣԭֵǮһײˣ˼ֵۿ۵ļٻ
Ҳ֪ͷҪëͷСﳢͷһָͷ˵ҶˣһڼۣˣӴһΣǽѡ
ЦЦϲҽûҪģŰײˣϾȷҪĻ˰ɡ
Ϊͷ͸¶۵٣Ҳǰˣ˵ⶫ֪ǼٵģԲҪҲòֱӾ˵˼ҵĶǺǻ˼ҵͷԣֻðѻ˵ίһЩ
ͷӾ϶˺˵˵ʹˣҾ;ʶԣġ
ҡҡͷ˵ʱҪֶٺ٣ϻ˰ɡ
ͷӼһĲҪץץԴڨڨ˵һУкöҸá
˵ţͷקƹ̯ӣߵ̯Ӻߡ
棬ֽ䣬ȫñֽһЩ
ֻǿһۣͷֱûʲôֵǮĶ£ЦЦ˵ϲʵЩææˣٵһ𣿡
⻰˼̯ϵĶûһģͷӲɵʧĵ˵ͷ˵æ֮һҪǵҰѺõĶš
ţͷӵƿأĶӡ
Ĳ˼ںЦԵǲ˼ҶҪѺöȫ㡣
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ǰʮףĲ˼Խ̯Ȼ֡
ţĲ˼˵ҪģӦþСԷӣ棬װ߰˳£Ӧòװ޹ġ
һ㣬⣬öװޣͿԽʡٵʱ䣬⣬棬ҲǿһܺõĻ
оǴڹĻƽضΣĻӦֻǲ֪ôõλãΪʲôӵȴҪӳ⡣
Ĳ˼ӽԷ棬ԿһۻܣĴ࣬ʮſգҴƷ߷£ϸڵ̯Щࡣ
ʱһ۾ӵӭ˳͸ľƬһͷҷһ㣬Ȧںڵģһ㲣ӣֻǰҹƻΪʲôرķա
Ĳ˼磬ǿЦЦ˵ĲС㣬ˣ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˵ϰ壬ҰǶˣǮ⣬̸𣿡
ϰ忴˿ЩڨȻĲ˼˵ġϰ塱
ЦЦǰ󷽷˵ĲС˵ϰҪϰ壬ʲôԭϰҪء


295 
ϰǿЦЦ˵Сֵ˵ӣԭҲ׬Ǯĵطֻһʱ䣬ҽ˺ü⣬ƫƫסµֳ״Ҳòؼȥչ˼ңⲻͷæʵû취ų²ߡ
Ȼ⣬п׬ƽ飬⣬ˣȷҲǸԸ飬ΪҪӣҲûʲô֡
ԵһΣϰ˵ⶰӣԼģԼһԭס¥ԸĻ¥ȫԳһ꣬Ҫһ򣬶ңԤ֧
ңϰҲ˵ĵúףΪϵĿʹھش˲ҪסԺƣԼûľԴԣһ𣬶Ԥ֧ʵҲȲѡ
ֻסһ𣬵Ȼȥһ׷ˣǴҶģŶģضΡ棬ȷֵۡ
Ȼں٣ϰԼȥһ
ܲ˵ⶰڽ֮ͿǵΪƣǰ棬мһС͵ĿΪңһ쾮߻ļΪŻⷿķ䣬ϴּ䣬ʩһӦȫ
Щ൱⣬ԼҪĲ֣޼ֻҪ̽ϼܣͿԿ⡣
⣬ϰ¶һ˿ϲɫ˵ʵҲвٵǰǢ̸ˣЩһһȾڼ飬㲻һߵĳУһ򣬽Ҳˣپֻһ꣬ʱ̫ˣŪãһ֮ڣܲ׬һ򶼻˵أԣһֱûܳɽ
ڣӣʩ֣൱⣬⣬۸ҲǶ˵ɽĿԼﵽ˾ųϣϰȻϲ⡣
ϰһЩ⣬ϰһһĸ˵ˣ˵һ֮ڣԼһڣᵽϼȥסͲŵ⣬ԼЩҾʲôģҪҲԣõĻԼ̾ͷŵȥ治⣬סˣ޺ͬʲôģǶǱ뾭õʱҳƤϵЩԭҲֵ˶Ǯֻ۵İٷ֮ʮ
ϰҲ˼ϸܣǵҲȫ˴򽻵Ҳܷġ
£̸ϰǩ޺ͬԤԼЩʽȻ֪ϰ壬֮ԼͿܰ⡣
ϰҲˬ죬¾ͰԿ׽ְ̾ŷԼļҾʲôġ
תֽ֮𣬽ϰ壬˵ǿ˼ҵһ˼ϰ˼ЩϲĶ
ϰǸм벻Լǰû۵ëͷСӣȻ˼м֮࣬ϰҪȥһϯԴлˡ
ϽƴǣԼҲҪȥӡ衱ԺԺлᣬһһ۾ۡ
ˣѾȥĸСʱԷĲ˼һˣʲôҲô
ִ֪Ĳ˼ĸ񾭣ǰĲ˼ûʱ̫Ĳ˼ĺãһСģֻᡰһ
ֻǲųԷûӣȻۼҴңӭ
ϲţɣӻؼ֮󣬻øϽȥۣҪȻ꿪ˣȴûճ⡣
Ҳһϲ򵥵ĺ˼䣬۱֪һûһ»ҲûۻڽϹ䣬ܲЩպһ¡
ֻϵ̫ˣúܳ٣һ·ææĹ
ЦЦʵмӣ̾Ҫţһλ۵ʦ֪ԸԸ
۵ʦۺǳɣԼϵҵ䵽ͷڵ̯յĵزϿ˵۵ǰ̣ѾǶϾ˵ģû뵽Լȥۡ
۲ͱ˺һ󣬲˵СֵܣϢʵ̫ҵԤϣһʱ֮䡭һʱ֮䣬һþϣҪɣһЩʱ俼ǿǣһ֮ڣұضһ𸴣𣿡
ô˵ҲǿֻԼʱ䣬ȴ۵Ĵ𸴡
Ҫ֣ǸͷֳǰһҲڣͷЦЦ˵ֵܣôǺǣкöҪλСֵȥٺ٣ֵܿɲҵⰡ
⡭ۿһͷӣֱ˵½ϵܣûͷûʲô㲻õҸ⡣
ԭͷ½ֻǲʲô˽û˺øУһ֪ԼǸҡһֱԼôеᡣ
۲Լ⣬½ͷӲɷ˵һקסǸ̯ǰ棬ָһ˵Сֵܣ㿴ոճģ
̯ϣȷһǰû໨ƿ໨ƿҲֻһֵĸ߷¡
˵˷ʱ䣬ڣɣϼԼʱ䣬Ѿ쵽ˣƫƫ½ͷȴǾԼţǷУЩ
΢һ£½ͷ˵½ϲҪʲôۣ
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һԵЦЦ½ϸ磬ɲҪλСֵᣬɲУԡ
죬۸һ˴죬ıֻ֣áޡݣ½ͷЩֻһ۾ͻʶƣ½ͷûȤԣ۹յһЩ꣬Ҫһ½ͷ̫ˡ
ֻ۵Ļû˵꣬½ͷ۵ĻͷҵȻ֪λСֵǸмңԲƼöģֵܣɲ٩Ҹǡ
ЦЦ˵½ϲǮ㲻ʲôûֽҪҹȥǮ
½ͷȥã
˳ڰĲ˼ĵַ˵˳Ц˵㵽ֱӾͰǮø㡣
½ͷŬļ˵ĵַȻڴĶ˵Ҿô͹ȥҪȵңһȥ
ЦЦҪȥһط˳ǮȡȥȥҪǱƿ
½ͷһ£ҲͷҪǸһⲻ˻Ҫʣһ֮£ֿ»һЩ֦ڣһȷõİ취
һ½ͷ˵ȥĳѡ
Ҳû룬ҪٿǮһݸ½ͷǳѺͶ½ͷЦ˵ɣʰһ£͹ȥ
͸۴һкȻҲƵ뿪
ֱĲ˼ĳӣųسһ
һϵ̲סʵ磬ְװӸٿ飿
ٺһЦҪȻأ
Ĳ˼ȴڼʻ⣬һײĶϣŭҪľҪҼĵַ߸
Ŷӣһίϴⲻ˵©ô
ôط㲻˵©죬һӾͰҼҵĵַ˵©˳㰲ʲôģ㰲ʲôģĲ˼һҪȥ
Ըֻһ֮ʣԼѾְӽԺҲûǸȨ


296 ᣨ1
һ뵽ԼѾְټһľͷĲ˼ϵɫʱЩȻ
ĬĬذѳҽԺŵſڣͿɣϼɣ꣬żַɣ裬ҽԺ
üʱҪһ϶Ҫ˸ա
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Ĳ˼ѳӵͷȻѳͣɣǰ³ȵĽһ̡Ȼȥչɣϳ
Ӧɣϼɣ˵˵ģɣҲüЦеӦһ
Ӵ򿪺䣬һ߰ɣꡢɣϼŶһЦŽе˼һؼˡ
ɣһЦһֲ̧ѾʪۿҲȵӦһúáúӡ
˳֮΢΢ڨڨ˵ĸ
ɣһԣЩ򣬲żû㣬ҽǲǣСĸ
ɣһɣ꣬Ц˵⺢ӣ֪ЩʲôôУҲͦõ𣿡
ɣ껹ǲܣŲ˵ôɣ˼ҵŮĸǶǸŽС衯ȴСĸȡ
ɣôһ˵Ĳ˼磬ӵ˶ʱǺǵЦ
ɣϼһԣһһ߲ѵĺǳ꣬Ϲ˵ϵģˡ
˭֪ɣ겻ģ˵ʲô˵ģѵ㲻ϲˣҿɸ㣬㣬ҪҽҸ㼱
βѣϽ˵úúãҼԲã裬ϳɣ
ڿڽС衱ɣŵ˵ͷ˵⻹ࡣ
Ĳ˼ɣǰְɣϵðȫתͷʵôߣ
ڣɣϼӡɣ꣬ɣ裬ˣĲ˼⳵ӣûһߣԣĲ˼ôߡ
΢һ˵ѡ衢ϼ͵ͭǴƵ꣬ǶǸɣӷ磬Ҹ͵
ɣһԼ˵ҸӸһȥ⳵ҽһĲĳӡ
ҲԣֻЦ˵磬⳵ѡ
ݺݵĵһۣʲôӣʲô£ҪѣŲ㡣
һֻסƨɣһĶӣе硭һһĬжûУ㿪Цɰ
ɣϼ˳ӣĲ˼˰漴ӣǰͭǴƵꡣ
ֻɣǰ˵ӣֱӻؼҰɣƵķˣôҵθڣУҽҲЩʱܳԣҪȥ鷳˼ңҲһ£ԺʲôܳˣǴĶȥԷҶˡ
˴Ͻ˵ûϵģЩ嵭һķ˾ˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ƵרΪɿڵĹ˿ͼӹĲʽõĻ鷳
ɣҡҡͷ˵ˣҲ̫ϲֵĵطңҽԺþˣرؼңǻǻؼҰɣòִŵĻǮ
Ĳ˼Ȱɣȴֲϣ֮£Ĳ˼˶ֻ÷˸ɣӷϯ
Ӵ˸绰֪ӣڵг̸ıˣֱӻؼҡ
ͷǲ⣬ԭմɣĹ⣬Ժúõĳһٵģƻˡ
ɣȴǸ˵úܣ·ңԼ̫ˣֻҲϸȥסϣʲôʲôǶҪܻؼң˸˵¡
ֻɣһˣǵˣһ֪֪硭һƽҪһٺõģǽһѡ
ɣ귴˵ԣҽǸˣԲ˵ôС
ҽԺԭƵΪɣӷģֻɣ費ϣҪֱӻؼңԣһ···ıҲûõʮӡ
Ӹɣȵӣʱվſڵš
Ĳ˼ĳӻʱɣģںȡģַǷ
˱ɣɫƽֻԵĴһļҾ߰裬ȻЩո¡ɣȴû̫˷Ҳûʲô죬·𣬾ǻصԼѾ̫Ϥļһ
ٺɣ裬˶ʱΧһȦһסڵĽţ衭̡
Ҷܰһһûʲôֱ
ɩ˻罫õӸ˳ÿһ˶һ㣬ǽʡ伢
Ӹɣɣϼƽɣ˵ҡÿһ˵ص㣬ɣҲԸӡ
һɣǰ٩Цٳ˵ɣżˣһҪȥ棬˵ɣкøС
Ȼɣάֻǡ顱мɣžǸǶѡ
кΧɣֵֽģޱȣɣϼһ㣬ɩһææģ³ȥղ󷹡
ֻһĲ˼ʱǾûȤȥɣԼʲôŪ˳ְŵģһɣûʲôܺõĻ⣬οǴĵģٸĲ˼ġ
ɣ˵仰ɣƫƫӸɣǴ֮࣬Ĳ˼˸ڣҲˣԼһƲֵˡ
Ĳ˼ıӰ̾һתͷɣѧҵʲôġ
ֵĺ˼Թ˽ӷ緹һҪɣȥ棬ɣϼɩһʰ䡢ææģһҲͣС
ʱֻʣɣˡ
ɣԸպóɣϼ˵ѾͷСҳȥɢõġ
ɣϼšһţҲûʲôĵģ½Ĳ˼˳һɣΣżȥæԼļ
ɣ˱ڱĻ԰Q
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ЦЦĸʣ
ɣ΢΢תͷ˿ȻָָһùΣ˵ȥĶ˵
˵ͷȻɣȥ
ɣˣʵСǼϼô
ЦЦܺðᣬ󷽣ֻˣǸѵõĺŮӣҺϲ
ɣ˵ͷʵλĲСأ
ɣʵġĲС㡱ȻָĲ˼磬ɣϼĲ˼ɣ֪Ĳ֪࣬Ĳ˼Ĳ۵Ůԭɣϼ˵һЩ飬ɣҲôţǽһɣ֪˺ܶࡣ
Ĳ˼ҲС˼
ΪˣɣȻû˵ʲôĲ˼һһһɣܿó
ЦЦô˵أˣҪǿƢһٺ٣Ǹһеְҵϰߣ˭ûɫʵҲһĵŮӣƯֺܸɣңҲܽ
Ŷʱܳɣʵ
̹ϵĴҸǰͬѧʱһƹСӣڹϵϣЩ죬ҲǺҪõѰɡ
ֻǺҪõѡɣ赭ЦЦ˵Сܲһ¶


297 ᣨ2
ɣͻȻǸ˵һͻȻһĸоʵɣԺڣɣ趼ƽƽʵףҲǵģΪƽ棬һɻɽһļһãᱬ
Ȼɣ΢΢˶٣ֲ˵һһˣõСĶͣСǼҵĶˡ
ĵ飬ڻǷˣֻ΢Ƭ̣˵ĸֻĸ˵һ仰Լİȥ磬ҲûչңڣҸϼҲͶԵǾһˣһ˻ﻥһ˵飬ĸҪᡮˡʲôģǾˡ
ɣǿһ⣬ҡҡͷСǼҵĶ飬Ӧѱģֻܼˣ֪ϼǸûʲôɵѾͷҲϣܹܹһ𣬵ڿǻΪѣСӦңԺҪȥϼѾͷ
ɣٴγ̾һɣϼ˵ֻǽ죬Ĳ˼ӴһɣҲó˼ģֻɣϼһˣֻǣ˵ĻɣϼȻǶĲ˼硣
˵Ĳ˼ݵλԶԶɣϼܹģɣ˵Ĳ˼ܴģҲԶԶǹ¶ĸɣܹõģԣάĽǶ˵ɣֻѡ
ֻ⺢ӣԾҺһʱ֮ܲˣϼŰ˵ǽһʱ֮䶼벻ԣСܲܵһʱ䣬ٳһЩһЩ֪֮
̸ۼ޵飬Ĳ˼ҲáɣϼҲãڸûȥǣʮ궼أ˵ԼҲкЩҪȥȥɵ飬ԣھ˵̸ۼ⣬˵ǺЩء
ã˵ĸȻûǷ뷨ҿԳȥԣҪһЩʱЩϣĸҪ⣬˵꣬ǰԼĵܵڿвĸϣҿģ޽ٵĽ˼һ衯裡
ɣҲ̲סˮãšһ
վ׵ɣǰͷٴνе衭
úúá⺢ӡɣȪӿǺܸˣȴֺġ
˵ǣǷģϵԼ衱һӣκ˶øˡ㡣
ĵǣɣҲסΪɣңɣϼһ㣬ɣκ˶Ҫվ󺣣ڵɣңʲôǣǿסңֻôҶաʹࡣ
ԣɣΪɣңΪֻᣬǷݲᡣ
ס˵Ļ±ӣԸţ㡭ɣᣬ˵
ɣĻû˵ֹ꣬סɣĻͷ˵裬ô˵裬ϼҽ㣬ҵĵܵܣһˣһ˲
ɣ̧䣬˲ϵۣЦ˵úãǾһˡ
˵ţӴɣԶ˷ܵĽ衭
ɣ̧ͷЦӯӯӦӣ꣬ǻˡ
ɣ걧һ鱾ֺǺǵ˵裬Ӹã㿴ôѧϰϡ
һԣٺٵЦֻ˶ǮϹϣˣ磬ôŪˣճԺӹǻЩ
飬ǺǡЦ˵ӣС衯ﰡĽţȡ
衯һô˵ʲôûϵؼŻȵģܹİﵱԼǲųɣҪȻķǵģ˵С衯ǽѣô˵ǲ
˶٣ֱ׳˵ҿɲĳЩˣԼһڣҪ˼ҡĸ˵˿ɶ񲻿ɶ񣿡
Ӹһǰ죬ֻٺ棬һҲڣһ㣬ɣ֪ģԣɣ˵ͷЦ˵ӣҶĵģ֪С衯ҲãСҲãǶҵĺúӡ
԰衭ɣһԽҲĺӣѵҶͲˣ
ɣɣͷ˵ɵӣɵӣ㻹Ǹһ
Ӹһ衱Ľ
ʱ̫̫תƹĽĿɣ裬ɣͲ󣬵Χ߰Сӣͺģһһ˵ӣ龰ʵ̫Ľ
⴦סŵĶǮˣɣסضҲǮˣǮһиӶΧŸǰȵģ⻹ܲĽ
̫̫ɣڨҺܿңҽһֵ̫̫˵סǰ治ԶǶӣݵĴһϻ̫̫˵չˣҲסڲԶĵط˻˵ɣȫָһȥȥ㳡衣
֮߶߶ûû˵ġ
ӡɣˣȴĴֳһšʮ겻ʮкӣֿģһ𣬲ֵһǾЩˡ
ƫƫʱɣϼ˼ҲҪչɣ裬һɣ裬Ȼٲһܰ
̫̫̫ĽѣСӣϥǰѾĽˣôһƯƯĴŮɷˡ
ǣ̫̫ĻԽԽ㷺ԽԽԶˡ
ֱ׹ҹĻ٣˲Ŵӵɣؼҡ
û뵽ſڣȴĲ˼ĳͣڴſڣĲ˼һڳƵķŴ
Ҫóһϴ󡱣ֻĲ˼綼ز
Ƭ̣Ĳ˼ҡ³̽ͷ˵Ҹһ¶
ڨڨЦЦҲסģʲô²ȥ̸ôˡ
Ĳ˼˺Ƭ̣Ŵ򿪳ţ˵
תͷ˿ɣϼɣ裬ɣЦ˵ȥɣӣĲС¶
ɣЦţɣ۵һʹϧһɾȻֻӡɣϼɣһҲ
һѣĲ˼˵ϴ󣬰Һúõʰʰһ첻򣬾ҪϷˡ
˵ţֻĳٺٷЦ
ɣȴĲ˼磬˵̸¶ǵһ
ֻĲ˼ҲһӵɫҲ˵һ仰
룬վĲ˼ĳӡ
˳Ĳ˼ִ˰ΣͻȻһҧӣȻҵ𲽣űС濪ȥ
Ĳ˼翪ųӣһֱ˳ű·Ȼѳӿ˺ӵ̣ҽͷ׼˺ӵ̣ŰѳͣȴûϨ
Һãӵֻ̲ûʲôҹĻ٣Ĳ˼ôͣųӲŲӰ쵽ͨ
׼Ĳ˼«ʲôҩ˺һڨڨ˵ϴ㡭ʲôȥˣ
Ĳ˼ỵ̂Ŀ޺µĺ棬Ƭ̣Ĳ˼ͻȻٴ𲽣͵ǰһܡ
£ɰһĲ˼ӣҪͶԾңҪԼȥ汳Ľ࣡


298 ܵعȢ
ʶľҪȥţֻǼ֮䣬û뵽⳵űĲ˼ţܹȥÿ
ۿӾҪײˣĲ˼͵һŲɲ͵һ𣬶ʱͣ
ײ˼ʻ̨ϣˣһֳżʻ̨һֵ֣Уϴ󡭡Ҫʲô
Ĳ˼һҧǰһڡ
ĹƣǰһԶͻƻˣȻֱӿ
е˼硢Ĳ˼磬ʲôܺúõ˵Ҫķӡ
Ĳ˼ƳһۣŰѳϨ˻Ȼ򿪳ţ˵ȥ
ͲΣյĵط̾ƿţ˳
ֻǻһڳϣĲ˼ڱ˵ȥһͶӡ
ְӵ˻£˵˼磬˵գʲô£
Ĳ˼˵ѳӿȥʲô£
Щڼʻ̨һƣ֪ĿͶӣ
Ĳ˼Ƶģֻһ˫ֽỵֻ̂۾Żζ߲޺ƹĺ档
һƣϽһѽԿ˵ˮˣҪѿжѿ㲻ûɣѡһһһȥ
Ĳ˼תԴԸһȥ
㲻һһҪҵ汳ôܵõһͷߣŭ
Ĳ˼⣬Ѷײڶ֮ƣĶײһ¡
ϵԼĲ˼ĳӾûʲô£ŶӣüͷȵֹûУֹ˵ĻͰ˵˵Ƕֶŵģ˼ҿ㶼¡
ܺңڣĲ˼¶һ˿Уʵ
һʮо춼ҪĥĸҹƵģ˭ȥû˵
ҡĲ˼һҧ⣬ãһΣĲ˼סˣûײ
ģҪܴù㣬Ͷˣɺŭ˵
ôһ˵Ĳ˼Ȼ͡һЦ˳
ԭҡգʱΪ֮һɡ
Ĳ˼Цˣɫ˵һĸҹ棿ײֿ£
ɣ㵱ϴʱ򣬱ȵĲСĲʱҪ׵ö࣬һĲСĲҾͲò㾴Զ֮˵
ߡĲ˼һ㲻ͣһľͷ
̾һǰһľͷҲӡ
Ĳ˼һ֣һļϣƲƲ˵ôˣ㲻֪ϲװƭͬŮӣ
Ĳ˼⻰ﲻ˼Ĳ˼Ƕ׼ɣϼ˵ģɣϼЩǲ٣ƭȡͬ飬ȴһҲãɣ裬ǰԼ˵Щԣʵһ˶ܶ԰ƭȡͬˡ
ҪЩĲ˼ȥͣţû׼ԼľͻĲ˼ȥ汳ԣĬƬ̣ŵ˵㾿ô
Ĳ˼綢˺ܾã˵Ҫܾүү
ܾүүܾүүʲôĪʵ
Ĳ˼˼ĲԶɽҪ͸ԼʲôԼǰĲһ԰˸췭ظĲԶɽΪġСҶ߽ǲ衱ˣ⣬ĲԶɽ⣬ҪͶԼ
Ĳ˼һҲû˵ϡ˭ôɫүүүүסĿ㣬үүҪǻ㣬Ǿˡ
ʲôɫԼ֪ºʵĲүүʲô
ǶأĲ˼ŭ
ϻǶôǶ԰ң
Ĳ˼ٴЦ˳һΣĲ˼ǿģЦͣ
ãĲ˼ֹסЦ˵ջ죬Ҿ͵õϢҪ˵ģƫƫһôҪ飬Ҷû취˵
˶٣Ĳ˼˵ã˵Ҳ٣
˿Ĳ˼磬˵¶㣬Ǹܲܰѳ˺һЩ˵Ŵӣﺦ¡
Ĳ˼̯ƣ˵
Ĳ˼ҪģȻǱùȥĵԿףûеԿףҪ˵ˣǰɡ
˵Կףе㺦Ĳ˼ҪȥͶԾ˿Ĳ˼磬ֻĲ˼Ц绨һҲûҪԼ汳˼ŹԿ׽Ĳ˼
Ĳ˼罫ӴŻȻذѳһξ룬ľս֮УӵͷͣˣϨ
ȻĲ˼򿪳ţ˵ȥߡ
Ĳ˼ûͷԼĴˣŷ
˳Ĳ˼ֱס֣̾һ䣺ͷԼƻԭָоġ
Ĳ˼ţҲǵһˣ£Ĳ˼Լ˳źӵɢ
˼Ĳ˼˵үү׼׼ף˼㡭
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ֻǣĲ˼㴰ֽͱƿٻЩ⡣
ЦЦĲ˼˵ðԺҴ̽ˡ
û˵꣬һʹ˲䴫ȫ˵ˣһε⵽Ĳ˼ġ֡
ʹúߺĽ˰Σ˵㿴㿴ˡ
Ĳ˼ҧгݵ˵Ҫܾģ£ҪǸҴõע⣬ôʰ㣬̽㣬
еܵأܵȢˣ㡭õĺ¶Ҫƻѹ֡ѹ֡ǡ
Ҫ˵ѹǼҿϲĲ˼ģ⻰Ҫ˵Ĳ˼ðɣڹϣûǸȥŭĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼˵԰ҾҪ¶ôţ
ҽӻֻÿ˹˹ģҪĲ˼ԶһЩⶾ֡
ҪܾǶãˣǸԸ֪ģңҲӦĵ¿ηΣҧʶġ
ǡ壬ûǸˣҵȥȥԼĲ˼΢ԶһЩҲԶ̲סĲ˼һ£Ǻݺݵıһ¡
ҡȻĲ˼һȣҪ
ֻǼĲ˼ֲò˻ȥ̾һ˶ţ˵סϾҪˣһ£ȥǱ߲ɹһЩ鱦ȥ
Ĳ˼ͻȻѻתƵҪ΢΢һȻ֪Ĳ˼⣬˵ð˵ڳ鱦䲻ȥһ鱦Ҳóʵ棬ţҪҪӡ
ľͷľͷĲ˼㲻ѡ
ʱĵ绰˼óһԭӴģ˵۴绰Լ˴ȥ̸̸صɾӡ


299 ˲
˳ӣĲ˼һüͷͣӦҪ۵飬¶µҪӡɣϼɶУ֪ͨûУ
ļʻųӣ˵ͷһô֪ܲͨɾӣͣ͹ȥˡ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ۴ӦϾͿԿţ뵽Ҫһ¡
Ŵ˰ɣϲ͵˵ֻʱǱһʱ䣬ܹ黹ҪȥӪԼţ統̵ģȵĿʽԼӿһ졣
Ȱ˵ҲãʱҲȣϼܵĻ˵಻࣬˵ֲ٣ֲ㡭
Ĳ˼һо˺üɣͬĿ
ֻףҪ׼ĻٲþҪüʱﱸңڳﱸڼ䣬ͲɱҪɣϼһ
Ĳ˼˵֮£ɣճԺ廹ûָһʱ֮ڣɣϼһԼġơ㲻ȫ¶Լġơ¶Ͳɱʧȥܶơ
һ·˵Ż֪͵ɾӡ
ȻһɣϼҲˣһȵƬ̣ڴš
ͣóӣ˳ĸſ˼䣬Ȼɾӡ
Сһĸˣӭ
׼С㣬۵İʲôطȴ洺˹
΢˼䣬۱ȥǸ䡣
װ޳裬㲻ϺǰرʺϽ̸
֮ЦЦӽһóһСֽŵϡ
ͣڿ˵ˣ˵ˣȴôֽϣе⡣
ϸһֽֽ͸һ˿ɫϢֻϢǵ΢ľӦǼֵĶ
ЦЦʵ뿼㣬ܲܲ³ǼʲôĶ
ʲôȻǲ²ԼȻܹ۾ԲǱX߻͸ۡ
ƾԼľһЩ⣺ƣӦһֵ̫Ķɣңļͭ࣬ʲôҾ͡ٺ١
¶һı飬Ȼֽ
ֽӶʱЦ
ֽŵģܽǸͭޣܽԵĻʮ򣬴ȥһֵǮͭޣҪǮܽܽʱǸ飬ӶҪ̲סЦ
ֻĲ˼һͭޣʱһ飬ΪĲ˼ĲŸոմְְҵϰʹȻһ棬֮ĶЩУһ뵽ԼѾְ˵ֵ󣬸մϱߣĲ˼Ȼ
Ǹͭӷϣ۲Ц˵Сȥۣһ⣬ǣƾƾûǸʸ񡭡
ʵҲ˵ڲȥֻۣܻ켣ͷڵ̯գΪϹ˸ҵ¶Ǹ˵ͷϣɲ⣬ҲȥֵҵŲСĹǺѹ
ȥֵҵ˵ˣһһ֮䣬ľ۲ҪһȣΪ˵룬Ҳ̫ĳ⣬Լ޷ſֽš
ĥһۻ˼Ƭ̣˵ϲʲôĵطֻ˵ôˣѣҪʵڲ㣬ҵȻҲϵ飬ԸæҲܿϡ
Ĳ˼Ƭ̣˵ϣϾʲôȨ޷Χ֮ڣԸǰæ
˵ô࣬޷Ҳ֣ȨޣԼæԼжȨޣҲ˵ԼǮ⣡
С΢ֻһԶʽȨ۾ֻܰĿ׼Ͷ˵Ŀͻǹнײ㣬ҪĻ۾Ͳȥͷ̯գ٣ǷУʦܹܵõġ
һϣĲ˼ͱɣϼףɣϼֻǿż˽̸ȫ岻ϻңɫҲΡ
Ҳֲɣϼʶⷽ棬Ĳ˼ȻҪḻ࣬ش۵ĻͳĲ˼ֱܹҪ
Ĳ˼ôʣ۵ЦЦ˵СҪ꣬תʽҲһڣȻҲӵôȨޣ٣ǧĿʽ١
ҪʽȨޣȻԽԣֻҪ׬ǮĶ۲᲻Ҳһֽ
ֻǣڹ泡ϸ򽻵ʱһ׮ǧڣǶʲôϡ£ֻҪǧȨޣʵѾǺܵ͵Ҫˡ
ĻȻòô鷳˭ϣһһֵǮͭӶʮ
жǮĲ˼硢ӡɣϼ˶֪Ҳ֪һҪӵпԶǧȨޣĲ˼硢ӡɣϼ˶ǳһҪǧ򣬲ʮҲ˶пǿܣǧͲܲü˺úõĿǿǡ
Ͼ˵ǧʽֻǴһˮ飬ȫп֮ͱɵøɸɾǧĲ˼硢ӡɣϼ˵⼸һ֣һɣǾ˵֮֡
ǣһĿͶ⼸˵УĲ˼ҾʵһĲ˼Ը񣬴ӿʼûȥüһǮҲҪһǮİ֧֣Ӹɣϼ˾Ͳ˵ˣŸոս±Լ֮УҲֻǮԼģǼ֮ĹɶҪ󣬴Ҳܿ˭ȥ
룬˵ϣҪǼӣҲתģעʽҲ࣬򣬲ܹǵĻ⶯ʽȨޣǧԵģҲֻѡе͵εĿͻѶԿͻķΧ΢һرеͻӪ͵⣬Ҫٲֵĸߵͻ
ô˵ɣҵУֻ԰ٷ֮ʮĵͶ˿ͻͰٷ֮ڵĸ߶˿ͻµģȫӪеȵġ
˶٣ֲ˵ǣǧԵͶ˿ͻǴ´࣬ҪеģȻǲ͸û취ȥ߶˿ͻ򽻵ԣҾãҪʽĶȣӦڰǧңһԵĽ׶ȣ߳ǧĿ룬Ǽһڳ֪ͨǣΣ
ǧ򡭡۳һԼû֮ǰǸϰԼȨޣҲǧ벻赭д͸˰ǧ
ǧ򡭡Ĳ˼ҲǳһһûǮǮ˰ɡ
ǧ򡭡ɣϼһԼ֪Ǯû뵽ǮزܹðǧȻͲֻнİǧ
ǧ򡭡ץץԴǰԼҶ۰ôŵùۣ


300 Ը
˭ֵ֪˵ǰǧ򣬻һ㣬Ҫ˵ģ⣬û˸ұ֤սʤԲԣôһ˿ô죬룬ǿ趨һԽܵķΧΧ֮ڣһ˿ǾǴҸѧѽѧǮǾô
Ļôٴγһ⣬˭Ըȥ𣬳Բ׼Ѳȵ⣬͵ˣҪ趨һɽܵĿΧⲻ֪ǰиӣҪȥ
תͷӡĲ˼磺ûԹûѧѣ˵һӶһοӣ
˶٣˵Χ趨֮ڣң֮ڣظУһ⣬гĲ֣Ǽͬеʲô
ⲻǷϻ𣿡Ĳ˼ֹһ
С㡭̾һɵ⣬Ϊ׬ǮʵΪ۵ӰصľĿΪܹſֽţչͼ
˵ףȣ
֪ܲܽܣЦЦʵ
ͷһ˲飬ǣ˵Ļ۴һ
ãھ̸̸⣡˶٣˵Ԥȼƻģʦģнһʮ֮⣬ӵٷ֮˵Ĺɷݡ
йɷݣ۾ɵõˣֻԱϰҪģϰ壬òԱȥҪ
ǧֽ֧ȨޣȷһرĹ⣬ĿΧҲߣʮнȷܶ࣬˵Ѿǲźû뵽Ȼٷ֮˵Ĺɷݡ
صļ˵ϣҲѻ˵׵طٷ֮˵ĹɷݣҲòκγʣҲֺֻ죬Ҳ˵ȨڿԽϾˣȥˣȨҲͻ֮ջһݹɷݡ
ʮн֮⣬аٷ֮˵ֺ죬аǧĶȨޣúõĻٷ֮˵ֺ죬˵ҲϰܹﵽнˮĺüңòκͶʣֱϵڱ¶ֻڱ˵ԼԴڱȺڶģ
֮ӳôڱ۾ԶţǸԼڱˣƫƫǼŲɡ
ΪңҲôˬ
Щź۶òŶ룬¾ʹӦԼٲ˵ģʲôʱϰࣿ
ЦЦĲ˼簴ոո̶ݣһЭ飬˶ǩ֡
ǩЭ飬Ц˵ΪǸոӣҲܹĵɣȰһ¼飬пյĻ͹ϤһԷߵ֮󣬾͹ʽϰࡣ
飬ʵҲûʲôðŵģȹϤһ˵ɣΪȨޡнˮֺ죬۵ķһϰܹ࣬õʵݣȻͲ̾ȥͶ빤
ȻҲǺֻ̬ȣ·һһߣһһڵĳԣл̬ǺãԲ֮ܲ
£һʮǮпۣ˵ҪǰԤ֧һǮȥһ¼Ŀ֧á
۸мò֪˵ʲôãֻţϰ壬һӣҲֻˡ
΢˼䣬ִóһֽţ˵Լ۵Ķ
Щƣǰ۴ͭӳҲϸһ£ҲûʲôϢðҲ;ûʲôˣڣȴһңǰֽǰϸȥֽĶϢԼһʲô
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İֽĶҲ¶ݡһȭͷС沼ֵĻƣͬһʯ塣
ֻ󣬼ʯһָУԿ϶ǣʵأԲʯ䣬֪Ľ
˵Ǵδϵʵϸ˵ҲǴۣ죬ȥ˸ӣ˵иճҪʱ۽־ġ
óľһֻһ壬۵ʱҲϳⲻͨĶĻƵ񹤾ϸ֮⣬ȴʵҲŵ㡣
ʱ۳۳ʮңӼʵڸ˸߼ۣҲֻó֣ϣ¾ˣû룬ǡϰ˸˹ʯһſڸһǧ򣬷Ҫߡ
飬ϡ棬ԵˣҪ˵ۣӣˣҲǵԡ
һת׬ôһʣԼȻϲʤ˭֪һּڶ죬ǿʯ˵ۿ˵𣬲Ǽҵ̣
ӵ˾̾ϢһȻ˼ܹôԣҲʲô˵һҲס
ܹԵǸزˣһǮƣһˣҪ˵һССʦ¾ʦеλˣҲֻܰװ׵ꡣ
˵Щ۵ɻ󣬶˹˼ǮС£ܲԩǿ⣬ȥͬУǣóĽȴҲһ
ʢרңȻҲ˵硣ó˺üͬĽۣ
е˵ֵǮһǧٵģе˵һǮ۶Щˣеĸ˵Ǯ
˵ֵǮָⶫĻƣ񹤾أκһ֪ĵַ͵ʲôĹߵ̳ģ;вƵоֵΪĲֵ˵ԭ򣬾ͳʯʵϣʯӦֻǽ֮ʣĶҲǺټ˵ֵҲͲ˵ˡ
ϸĿ壬Ҳͷԣʲôַ֪ʵǽĻʯģ֪ϲⶫ
ԭҲֻһأⶫк֪ܶĵطȤĵط
ԣۣⶫԼϲܲ˵ǮⶫԼûµʱŰһ¡


301 ԭ
۵ҡҡͷⶫֵֵǮܵ˵ͣ˶ļֵڣ˵Լ治ǴˣֻǱ˲ʶ˿أղأԼܵԩҲ͵õϴˢʲôܹԼԩõϴˢ˸˵£
֮ó۾ãԼ౶ԼļλרҡҪãϲǾ͸ˣʲôʵأʲôãʲôҪܹŪ֮󣬸Լ˵һҲˣ˵Ǯʲôģʵǲֵһ̸顣
룬˵ԼǹɶҲϰ壬ҲܰҪԱĶҪȻҲȡ֮ӣԲǸõĿͷ
ҪŪ飬ȻҲԼҪ֪ģܹŪȻٲ˸һ
ԣھ÷⣬ԲģֻҪۿ˵ǮһһĶٸ
ΣֻҪʮֽ˼˼
Ҳû룬ԵĸʮΪ嵽ֵܹΣԣҲֻܱʾһ¡
ҲǸúöˣϲĺöҲͰˣˣٲҪ͡һ壬һֻ֮Ҫ˵ۣϲʲôǮĶûʲôͷ
ð鶼׵ŽԱ˵˲ˡ
˾ϯɢʱѾʮһ࣬ΪۺһЩƣȥʱĲ˼ҲԸųӣӡɣϼͻص
صңû뵽ɣ軹ڿûȥ˯ɣһŹΣһɣȺ㡢
ɣϼ˻ɣ֧壬ǰĿżǰˡ
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ԣһ¥ɣϼߴɣϿȥ˯
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Ĳ˼˵ڣҵĵ̣ϾҪţкܶҪŴɣһԣٲҪһЩ
һ˵¹ؿ飬ɣ̶µ¥ЪϢȥˡ
鵱Ȼ٣Ȼûʲô䣬ʣ飬ҪǵǻԴ·һ顣
ϵĲ˼ٶ°̨˵ҲĲ˼˼ҲֻĬš
һ˵Ĳ˼׼ȥһڳ壬ʱǸˣգ˵õģԼǸ𡰿ԴһôôֱĲ˼ɲɣȥٲӣڼ飬ɣϼġ
Ĳ˼ӲϣЩգһòŸģڻѾˣɣռҪǴɣɾͻΡ
һĲ˼˵ȥȥɣ˶ȣεĳ÷ѣԵסģԼǮ˭ȥȥ
һ˵ҪԼǮһԥһȥһѿµҪǧɣгԵסģǾ͸ǮǱߵ죬Ǯϡ档
ӰĿתϣܿ˵һ仰ܼ򵥵һ仰ǳ÷ѿԱ
ɾô򵥵һ仰ȴӲӲľڱ̬
ʵӵľ״Ҳжңڵۣ˵ȥһΣȥϼΣҲʲô¡
ֻһЦţ̾һԭ˵߾ߵУ治ô򵥣룬ԼͻҪһԼľ״ˣ磬һȥڳ˵Ǳߵ˸ҴһƷֵҲò̫󣬰ʮҲͲˡ
ҲⲻԼӡᡱӵĽϵĲ˼˼¶֪ģֻǰɣϼҲӲĲ˼ġơԵһ۾ܿóܰģҲֻôˡ
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Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵ӣ˵öԣҵǸһЩ빫Ҵ򽻵飬ЩѾòˣţҲǮ԰ɣҵһݹɷݣҾ͵Ҫľܳģ;ĳһԭ򣬲ûͻ԰ɣ
Ĳ˼˷ڵ飬ϾյľȥŽɣϼȻҲܶ˵ʲô
ңһ㣬ӣһͻ̫ᣬ˵ûһЩа뷨ҹȥ٣ڰȫϣвСı֤Ĳ˼ˣһɣϼɡ
ЦЦ˵ϴ󣬱ϴӦİȫǣٺ٣һΣϴȻĸԸĸһѵıڣǺǡ
Ĳ˼Ȼ˵Ҫ˭ܹһ㣬ҵȻҲûʲô
һ˵İȫɣϼ޻˵ôһ޿ëͷСӣԶ⣬û˻ᶯ˼⻹˵׼£һ㣬ɣϼ޻˵ֻܸмĲ˼硪Ϊ
Ĳ˼ǰȥĲ˼һڣҪģһЩġĵΡȵȾַ顣
һߴĳĲ˼ʵ㿴ЩҪЩΧϣ
һ˺ü飬Żع˵˵أ
ô˵ʵϣȴǰ仰Ҳûܹýȥһ˼ͷ۸Լǿ֮ϡ
壬ԣⶫκϢ˵ģЩֶʵأĻƣҲûκһ˸һĽͣ׿ֵ˵⾿ʲôǳ
κϢʣһΣһǵG4޿κεʯţڶΣҲڣ塣
ӦЩϵģֻϵмһʲôЩã
ֻãʹ֪ҪϽȥڳһ֮⣬Ĳ˼硢ӡɣϼ˵Щʲôһֶûȥ
һãĲ˼òѪԼ߶߶ĭ˲٣û
һֻ֪Ĳ˼ǰװƣԼΪʲôͻҪһģװ׸Ĳ˼˷ѱ飬ܹȥ͵ˡ


302 Ե
֮ǰɣϼȦģܶ࣬Ҳ֪ô£ǰŶʱҲûô໰
ɣǡ򡢽򡱵Ľţ˵Լ㻹趼ŽٹҪпˣԼϣ콱ʱܿ㡢򣬻趼ȥԼ콱
ЩȻЦЦɣ꣬õ״
ɣһظȻ˵һʱ䣬΢һ꼶ǰû⣬ңһ׼˻񽱸ԣһҪ
ЦţɣԴͷӦȥȻ㶫ò˼죬׼
ɣﺬỨԼҪԶŵ׶һ㣬ߣʲô¶ҪעһЩǷǡ
ɣҲ̲סЩжԼȥ֮һܵĴĸĹذԣůģɣ˵ÿһ仰ļ
򵥵Ӽ䣬ϾͻϤһ֮ҪʽӪҵֻܿӸɣϼڼ֧ˡ
ֻһһߣ˵磬һȥҲûʲôģһ׸衭
û˵ʲôʱˣ㻹֣
Цһ£˵׸ĸ·ߵҰ㲻Ҫɡ
һӵƨϣŭʲô˵Ҫ˵

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Ĳ˼˰סźƷ
ǿһ㶫Ҫ䣬ȥоо۸ԼǸ壬ֻĲ˼ȴӲק˵ڲǺӦõȥ
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֮£ֻʱ¶ĺ֮ģĲ˼ȥ֡
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鱦꣬һһЩ鱦εļ۸Ĳ˼ʱ֡һǰ˵ĸоЩƷ鱦۸ͭǱ߲࣬еҪһЩûȥ۲󣬻ûʲôռ䡣
Ĳ˼Щˣ˼Ҷ˵鱦ͲֱܲӴڿʵ˰
ЦЦ˵ǻΪ㲻̫Ķ鱦ֱӽȻдֻǿ˵Ҫȡַʽ
Ĳ˼һѰһ鱦꣬һ߶֮ԱǣѵȥãȥȷǺ׬Ǯ
ٺٵЦЦ˵ɹƭЩ׬ǮʽѾʱˣ˵˵ҲСȥЩ¡
Ĳ˼Ƴһۣһ˵ҲңҪȥЩ£һƲľң
˶٣Ĳ˼ʵ֪ҲôĶ˵˵Ҫô
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һҪԭƼӹһõĳƷ鱦ΣơӹķãҪԭϷõ֮һ
Ȼһ鱦벻γƷЧӦмĲۣʹ˲
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Ĳ˼翴κһ̣Щֲ°Ĵһ£ָָĲ˼磬˵ĲС㣡
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Ĳ˼絭˵ϴŵҪʡҲڽʡزɡ
κĵһЦЦ˵ҪڵéտȥƵ귴ͲͷˣտҪգڴŵ֣տǲա
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Ĳ˼üͷȥΪʲôȥȥԸտô
κĵһ֣ЦǾλ
˵ţκĵˡ鱦̣Ĳ˼ŵȥ
һߣκĵ˵СһΣڹһ񻰰Ǻǡүӻţȥ˿Ǹӣٺ٣˵ģүӰŰɣȥһ£û뵽˵ˣǾһٻСֵܣ벻ССͣȴ
ЦЦκˣܹϳΪǼǰйһͬĶϵó
κĵһԭˣȻԭﶼеģҪϲǲйˡ
Ƭ̣κĵЦЦ˵˵лǸʲ壬Ǻǣǵֻ˶Ĵۣ
Ҫ˵ۣ𻨵ĴϺܴˣһżֵüǧĲرͼһʲ壬Ѿ˵ۣЩȴ㲻ʲôϾЩļֵǮмֵĶԼǬѩ͸Լı¡ȵȣЩ˵Ǯǿʲôġ
ԣֻǵЦҡҡͷûĴۣ
ǲĻ˶ĴۣκĵҲôģҲֻеգȻˣǾ˵ǸʲһöֻǣܽûԼҲû
Ŀ͵Լߵķ⣬Լȴȴزԣô˵һ˰յ顣
ʲȻκĵ㲻ȥ
ǡʱѾ˴ŵ


303 Ǯĵط
ͬκĵ˵һ߽ŵĲ˼˾͸еһŨŨġա
Ũҵտζ̯Ľ˿͵ϢĺŮһжֻݡ֡
κĵĲ˼ˣӵȺòҵһŸոտճӣһˡ
һᡢϵһմзϽˣҪЩʲô
Ĳ˼üͷǿ˼زˣȴҪһ㣬һֻҲҪ˼㹽ʲôģκĵȴӰ˵ĵһѣҪ˲ٵϡ
зϣԵȣʲôֿҪٵʱ䡣
κĵһϣЦʵСֵܣҲԵҽκܺСֵС
ĲĲС㣡ҵĺϻˡ
Ŷϻˣǰɣλǵ£ΣκܺЦЦ
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κܺٴΡŶһʣ׵
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ȴҡҡͷûкܺõġ
κܺЦЦԼֻһʣСһ̾¶ų
ҵһ׵СȤĻȥκܺЦЦ˵
κܺ鱦ģһ㣬ģκܺƷôûйĽ
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Щԭ򣬲һΪʲôʲôģҲȻȻ֡
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Ĳ˼СκܺȻ֪ģȴһЦװûЦʵط׬ǮЩƷ鱦ԭʯг
۾һʵô˵
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κܺôһ˵ʱģ̾뵽ԭʯгȥһۡ
κܺЦЦ˵СֵҲż֪дطʮСʱῪӪҵңܺãǳԱ㣬Ҿʹλȥ
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ȴǰͲסĲ˼磬Ҫھȥ
κܺһԣЦţĲ˼һȥκܺǰ·
˳ӣκܺڸʻλã˾˵˵ص㣬ȻͷĿ
Ĳ˼ںϣһǲˣҲ˵ŪЩΡ
⳵˼֣һ̫ˮ·ʮӣ͵κܺ˵ĵط
˳̧ͷȥԭʯг֮еģкܴĲͬЩϾɵƤʯͷΧǽ浽Ǵʵİ׳ƣյòƽͬһ㣬ϣ˳ɶѵԭʯԭʯм䣬ʱתţһ̨͵Ĳʱһװرѡԭʯ
ŵһͷӣκܺЦݵĵ˵ͷʲôҲûʣȻͷУκܺȷ졣
˳أŷ֣ЩɶѵʯͷҶѷŵģѶѵʯͷųķζѣһѣ˵ҲкüϣҲкüٶѡ
ϸһ£ÿʯ棬٣Ũ򵭣ðһЩϢЩϢϤðϢԭʯ涼ġ
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κܺȴûͣǴˣЩԭʯѣǶԵЩϾɵĳ
ٴγһǧƽһŵӣķŴСһԭʯ
ʹҹʱ˵ҲжʮѡԭʯЩӣԭʯߵĸо
ӵľͷһֶſ̨ӴĻÿһ̨Ա߶һŹװĹˣϵãǽʯͷģЩˣǽʯͷʦ
ǻûԭʯԣ⼸̨Ҳͻû
κܺһļУһ˿۾ȴ̴ŮˣЦŸκܺ˸кκ磬ˣ
κܺ΢΢˵ͷ˵ҴСѹ
˿۾Ů˴һĲ˼磬ǼʣΪĲ˼ʵ̫Ư̫ˣһ伴ŭɽ衣
Ҫһ黹飿Ůκܺ
κܺһ£˵һ飬һ飡
ŮˡšһļУڱд
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Ů˲Ĳ˼Ц⣬ʱĵĲ˼һۣȵ
ЩĪʲô
СֵܣǽѺÿǧѺ𣡡κܺϽ˵Ƿõģʱٲ
ԭˣһЦп۾Ů
κܺҲпŮˡ
ŮпŤͷ߽ԱߵһСӣһ˳˵пơ
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Ĳ˼ﰵ˵ʣ
ЦЦѻЩԭʯ泶ȥһʯ׼ȷ˵Ҳǣһкܼҵľ֪Ĺʲôģ
κܺЦЦ֮ƼطĹغܺþ֮һ㿴Щʯͷ棬бۣ㰴۸ڳһͯۡ
ϸһ£ȻЩԭʯ涼úš2030ҲС7080ģߵһ飬š2000


304 ʯ
Ĳ˼Щ棬ЩԭʯͼʮǮһ飿ôôˣ
κܺЦ˵Щۣλǡ򡯶Ǽʮ飬һѶѵģƽÿʯͷҪʮ顣
ЩôġҲǺ棬һѶѣѵҪһһȥ㣿
κܺҡҡͷһĶʯľЩЩǰģһÿңҲ˵һԭʯɱʮҡ
Щɱֻʮһѵԭʯȥ֮ٸʯͷƷ࣬ıϼǮȻŵǶʯ֮Աط
ʵҲһǰԭʯйѡƷõģرر󲿷ֿϲģͶѷ棬۶ĻԴ˵ٹ˺ü䣬˵ڼ۸ϱ˺ܶࡣ
ﹺԭʯȻڱ˵ǡġĵط͵׺ܶ࣬˵ۼ۶ʮһԭʯط۸پ͵ʮʮߴϰ
Ĳ˼ֱ࣬Ǯ֮죬ǽˡ
ҲЩ棬֮Ϊʲôȴûжأ
κܺ̾һܹģ治һˣˣʵϵﵽһĳ̶ȣû˸ȥΪʲôʯɢ϶࣬ġҡȴ֮ٵԭ
ԭԭһŴչͼģκܺһϯʱࡣ
˵ʵһûУſҲͽֻвǧֽգ۵Ҫת˺棬÷ʱ֧ȡá
ǧֽѺǧʣµ˵ʣ޼ߵԭʯҲֻܹһѡ
κܺһߣһ˵ʱѡԭʯң׼ֳʯԣһȽϴ̶Ļʯͷĥߵ
κܺһ˷ܣʯΪ̼ģʵʱ
ʵʯˣͼǸ̼ʱһȥҪôǣҪô͵ˣһ֮䱩ҪǶĵǧ̣һ֮䣬˵Ҳͳ⵰νҲһ̡
˵ʯ߱ˣԹ۵ˣҲһںġ
κܺ飬ЦЦκܺ˵ԼҲһʱ֮䣬ȥҲôȡһЩ顣
κܺȻæתȥʯǱȥʯǱߣΧʮˡ
ԭʯһЩֺˣκܺԼҲʶԼ絽ḷ́ղ̡
ղ̵ĽǿʯͷһСǮԭʯʱ̶ڽʯ̨ϣʯʦһťʯ⣬㷢һ̶Ƭ̣һСʯƤ
ʯʦǿһСԭʯˮϴɾ棬ϸϸĹۿ֮Ұ׵һƬУƫϷ¶һƬ
ϸһ£Щʵʯͷʲô𣿡
Լⷽ⣬κܺʱЩŪ˵ʵʯŵжɫ֡ĵŵȵȣŵ༫㣬ϻ˵Ѷϴ񣬶ʯû˭ʮþȵģʵϹϵһҹڵңһҹ֮䣬ȫҶ꣬¥
Ĳ˼һû˵մһġ֣к³ˣж٣ҪǸȥģҾ͡Ҿ֣͡
ϴһҲ̫˰ɣ֪Ĳ˼ʲôºݺݵġĲ˼һ䣺ֲţ˵˵
һ˵˵Ҳ˵ȥˣңϻЩΡ
Ĳ˼˵˵˵ȥ˵ʲô
ȷſ˵
Ĳ˼ٴЩȻɿȻһҲŪ㡱ĺ
κܺͱ˲٣ȻҲǹˣЩ£Щľˣ۾Žʯ̨ϵǿʯͷ˵ν֣Ҳ͸̶ȣԽ͸ַ־ԽãӺõ˳ηΪ֡֡֡֡ɰַ֣ԽղؼֵԽߣּ֡ûɫҲֵղأ֡ɰֵٶɫʲŨޣɫ࣬ûôղؼֵ
ʯͷӦڿӵɳƤ䣬νӣһЩʯΪˣԭʯ֮©ֺһЩֺܳûʯͷ˺һӣͨԭʯܿһĨ⡭
ԭʯǮϱûӵģҪ߳üھǲǾܶǣͻÿ˵ļʶ顢Լ
һ˵ģԭʯгдʦרְ֣ȻǶģ϶׼ģõģаյģͿӣѼǮ̧ЩרְҲҿ϶߿϶ֵģǡ桱ԭʯ
̶ĻУʯʦһ鲻ˮ䣬˴ߣӣȷǶˡ
Χ۵˷һߺյģĵģһ㡣
ҪֹĥҪ൱һʱ䣬ڳˣǾڴ˵㲻ϳʵأֵҲһĿȻڵмƣҲʮٰʮ֮䡣
Ҳ˵ղ̵ϰ壬ڲʮʱɵ׬ʮ򵽰ʮĽˡ
ǮõǼȿɣղ̵ϰȻǸ˲ѣȻǶǣʯʦĺǶȻٲ˵ģϰһֳԼĪǧǮݸʯʦǴ͡
ϰ֮ʮĽˣЩ˶ʼǮ
һһݸ߸ߵ͵ˣһɫʰףмȴһ˿һԭʯʯʦ
κܺЦŸ͵ˣԭʯҲǳһ˿һ̣ԭʯиãʯɫһ㣬׶Сʰסһ̵ĴӣСԢ󲿷ܽģҪʯԭʯǵĻҪö࣬ǿӵģܳļʣԴﵽٷ֮ʮԣǲѡ񡣡
ʱʯʦ˵ָʾԭʯϻ¼ǺţȻ󰴶ťʼʯһʯʦƬˮϸϸϴڣһƬҰ֮дһббģ˿Ƶһ˿ɫ̵ɫɫ֮У㲻ϼƷԱȲϰǿˮҪ࣬ؼǣܳԡ
˴䣬˵ʲôǰ״
ϧǣ顰ʯʦһ˺üವСԭʯȥ֮һ˿Ƶɫûбֻǲ졣
ⲻ˿ֱĨˮκܺЩľΧ۵˾͸˵ˣü˶ˡ
һ£Χ۵ˣǳڽѧϰĿĲΧ۵ģȵģʵǺ٣˼ҶǶĿ壬˵ĹϵҪǶˣȥά˼ң˼û䣬ҪǶĿˣѧϰʲôŪûпɱ˼Ǩŭ
ԣ֮£ģҲһֱҪСģĵ˿ȥմǷǡ
Žʯʦһ£˵һģҲȥԭʯ˵Ҫ£ԽԽʣ²֮һʱĲ˼綼֪ԭʯǸˣ
ֻʣһһʯƤ˵϶ŤñΣ顰Ҳһٶһٶһӣôûˣ


305 ǶĿ
ĿˡĿˡ˶ҡͷ̾Ϣ
˵ģҲ̾ϢһȻǶģӦԸķ䣬ƫƫȴĺۣתȥͽСһš142ĺԭʯֱʯ̨ϣۣԽʯǸʦ˵½ʦ
ʱļеǸϰСӣǰ˵ƺ꣬Ͻֻʣ°ʮ򣬰չأһ飬ѾٽȥˣҪô»һ飬ҪôٽЩѺҪô
ƺۣϰСӣŭҸǧ򣬵Ϊֹһһ䶼ûһۣǲʮǮôѵһ˲ɣˣҰǣ
󷲺۵ĶͽҲֵԣֻҪﻹһı˾ŰˣһҲȻϷ
ƺϻаʮһıȻжıҲͻ˵жĲΪ䣬Ҫһѡ
һѣԵĲʮϰСȻǲûƺѱѺڽ֮
ֵ֪һʮʯͷܲܽ䣬䣬ֵʮ򣬻ƺǷµծ˭Ҫȥ
ϰС˵Ĺأ㲻ǲжıǮ⣬ڱǮһʯͷۻ᲻䣬㶼ܶŻȥ
ƺ˴еǧȫ͸ˣһ飬㡭ѵôһ涼ûС
ŻȥϰСٴκȵ
㡭ƺϰСӣ΢΢ͻȻִе㡭ҵǮ
ϰС֣̣ԱߵСܳδ󺺣һգۼ䣬һһҽƺЮס
ϰСӵ˵˻
δ󺺶˵СƵģѻƺϽǼСӣһӣֱδ˳Ȼֱϵȥ
ƺ걻ţһ·ߣһ·ͣƿڴֻǲƬ̣ûϢ
ϰСɨһΧ۵ˣǿһ˿Ц˻ļУ˵Ҽ
κܺ̾Ϣһˣߺߡ
ͷֻɫأһԲٿĲ˼磬Ĳ˼һ͵ͨ죬ŭ
κܺ̾Ϣһ˵û취һеģҪû˹أҪס
Χ۵ȺҲһҡԴס̾Ϣ
Ȼ˶ĵ˳ȥ˵£飬վӰ˼
Щ˶ûʲȤˣϰСߵǰһĲ˼µЦݣ˵λСϰ壬ûģҪҪҰƼ顭
Ŷһû˵Ĳ˼бһǰ˵ˣԼ
ϰСٴЦЦ϶һ֬ˮۣãúáҾͲλˣǼ
˵գƨһŤһŤģصǼСȥˡ
κܺЦһ£˵ˣȥơ
˵ȥƣκܺȴûӣȴָŸղűѡеǿԭʯ˵ԭʯ͸죬ƷֲԶԶȥһɫԣýСܳöģӦǵĿԽϴ󣬵ǻǵʲô̶ȣȴǡǺǣҲһǮСֵܣҪҪ
ʯĲǼɻһԶ죬һעѺǵǶԼ£޸ɣ˶죬ˣ˹Ȼжٺôĵ˷ǨŭȴǱȻġ
κܺǳνĶгԼΪһ֣ٲҪİġ
һĲ˼磬Ĳ˼һԼ˼ǲԼ£΢΢ЦЦ˵ϴκĺȴҪǾһ飿
Ĳ˼Ƭ̣˵ҪԣҲǲԣǵҪи޶ȣ㣬ˣ̸ˡ
ûĲ˼ȻôˬľʹӦ£ֺǺǵЦлϴҾͰκָģ
κܺٲԣԱۻǮȻ˱ԭʯ˽ʯ̨Цʯʦֽʯ
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ʦЦһ£Ҫô⣬һЦ飬Լôʲô飬ȻҲûرҪҪôȥ⣬ȫƾʦԼľΪԼȴ¶΢ЦվһߣȻûһʮʯͷ¡
һĽʯʦʯԭģҶһ־ԼȷµķλԼÿµĺȣܲܽ䣬ǰϣⶼʯʦȣΪԼģۺʯʦȥеκΡ
һ־ңĴ󵨵İԭʯʯʦȥãԼֻŽȻ۽ôͬʯʦ޸ɣҲֻܴʯʦûգѡ
ֻңʯʦѹ࣬ϾһȻòǮԼ·Ҳߵͷˣһ־ͷ˼ұˣ˭롣
飬ʦǼöˣֱԼŰ죬ʦȻҴ⣬ϸĹ۲һʯͷһЩǺţϸȷһ飬Űʯͷ̶ڽʯ̨ϡ
Ȼ󣬽ʦţʯһƬ̶ĽʯͷĦ֮УʦһƬʯƤԭʯһӡ
ʦ˽ʯʯƤȡ˳ˮʯмϴһ£ȻĹ۲
ʵִĽʯߣҪһʯͷٶȲĵطÿһʯƬҪǳϴ۲죬Էֹйд»˼ҵı
ֻԭʯʯƤĲϣװ׵һƬҰףһҲӵĻҰףԤʾſĽֻǺ͸ʯͷϣһֺ񱡵һƤʲôĽۣΪʱ硣
ʦϸϸļһ飬ðԼļƻȥӦòʲô⣬£ʦٴΰţʯһȥ
κܺһԣﶼʼðԼƼʯͷǽţȻκܺףǶǶ壬ԹκܺƾԼľƼģܲгҲǶԼĿУ
֮УֻĲ˼һˣԭʯܲܳ䣬ֵúǵĮҲãĿҲãĲ˼綼ˣֻλᣬҲǸκܺӣһǻĸԼˡ
ʱ̨ʯԭʯһЦ⣬Ҳ֪«ﵽʲôҩ
ڽʯӴ̶֮УڶʯƬҲ
ʦǹ˽ʯȻǿʯƬȡ˳Ȼˮϴڡ
ոϴϣʦϾ¶һ˿ϲɫֺ񣬰ƴСʯڣм֮¶ͭǮСһ̣
Ȼɫ䣬룬϶䣬ңʵӦòǰǿˮأҲ˵κܺƼһʮԭʯпܻһֵܸߵ䡣


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Χ۵ˣȻۺȣѣ̣ͽǣǣҲζŶǵĿԺܴˣΧ۵ˣеķһ󻶺࣬ߴٽʯʦϽµʯҲкǰյģԼ˺ü飬ȴʼûȥֵС
ʹֻһ̡ԸЩۣתȥ
ЦЦܳʲôۡ
Ը֣ԸһʮļǮֱת־׬
κܺʱЦ棬һȥг˵Լľ鲻ӦôûĿ壬ھת׬
ǮȻֻа򣬵ǶˣԼҲй⡣
˵ͬʱκܺͬҲеգģ֪ҪǣﲻԼֱõ֣ҪƸ
˵УֻĲ˼һˣһԣһԲĥ͸ʱ顣
Щ˽̸˼䣬Ȼһʮļ۸񣬲ô⣬ҡԴýʦС
ʦťʯٴһǿϲʱǰһʮƤһϽʮҪһٰʮļ۸ת֡
ϵ̣˲ֹһȦɫŨޣʵشϣǿϳһˡ
һٰʮ򣬶鿪ˡӡԭʯ˵ǵ͵˼£Ҳ۸ᣬǲ˼
κܺǰ˵֣Ҷˣӣһٰʮ򡭡ߺߡ
˿һκܺȻ˵ֵܣҶˣһԸһԸѶϴ񣬾˵ȻֻڶĵĽ׶ΣȻǻڶģǶĿ壬˭Ҳ˵׼ҸһٰʮȵֱӾ׬ʮ˵ʲôף
һԣ˵壬һٰʮļ۸ҵȷ֣ܳһҪĻϾô
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ֻӶʮҡҡͷԸʦȥ
Ҫֹʦʯļ֮£ֹܹס
ӣʦƬʯȻϴʯͷڣ۲Ʒ࣬پиԭʯķ򡢺񱡡
ֻƬʯϴеֻһۣ̾ͷһ󾪺ʯƬѾ䣡
Ҳǽʦո߳ոһȥٶ֣˵䱾壬ٰ֣ȴֻһʯƤͻ˹Ʋ׼еĻͻὫһߣļֵۿۡ
Եǳ˴䣬Ȼ֪ջжҲ֪ʲôʵأ򣬾ѾԵúǺˡ
ǸæҲýʦиȥˣ̾ת֡
ЦЦ˵ͷԭʯ׬һʮԵˣеǾӳ֮ȻһٿҲֻʹ⻰ҿҪ˵ͷڣɻڶģǶĿ壬Ҷֻ԰ɡ
£ֽԱתʸ
ϰС˵˴䣬ļУ洺˳ǰǸƺ飬ѡˣЩӰ죬Щˣ˵ʲôûܹһʵڡ
ֻҪ˴䣬ҵȻͻЩ˵ͻƴǮ
ԣ˭ֻҪг˴䣬⵱гһ䣬ǶǺһ
ϰСصؿ˿ǿѾ¶ָͷһԭʯЦЦ˵СõģǮҲ㹫ǺǡҼҼ
ϰСӶ˵ҪǮȻҪԭʯЩޣҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
תˣЦӯӯߵĲ˼ǰ˵ϴ⼸ѣ׬ˡ
Ĳ˼ҧһ˫СȭͷýģҪǵô˵棬Ĳ˼ȭҪ֪⿿ĲӮǮٶ࣬Ĳ˼˵ĲĲǿʼӮ䣬ʼӮԽ࣬Խ
һʼӮһٶ򣬵󣬻ȥٸһٶ˭Ҳ˵׼Ĳ˼ɲ䵽һͽ³
Ĳ˼綼ʼеڣԼǲǶ̫ˣλᣬһλᶼźã
Ĳ˼ɫƣٺ١ЦЦٶ˵ȥĲ˼ƢҪû׼ô˵棬Ĳ˼綼ᶯԼһ١
ֻԭʯˣʦ̶ֽʯǵĶٴ̶Ļ
Ĳ˼绹û㷴֮ǰٺúõʣµλģƫƫκܺʱԸߣϾԼеԭʯܽһʲô䣬κܺһҪġ
Ȼκܺ뿴Ĳ˼޶ԣҲֻøȰֿ˵
ǿѾ˴䣬ҪעֻķΧĴСʦͿݵöˡ
ķ϶ûö࿴ȥֳһͷϸмֱ֣Ȳʮ幫ֵһ״䣬ĸͷСֻһǴˮأһȴŴ󲿷ʡ
ڳ˴м֣඼һۿļֵҪúõĲĻƼֵܴﵽٶʮ֮䡣
Ҳ˵ԭʯˣ׬ʮ󣬵ҪܺõĲĳɱֻ˵׮ϲ׬
鲻׬䣬һʱ֮䣬ϵɫЩЦã䣬˵ǲ׬ֻǶڽǮ˵ʵϣ䣬ҪͶʱ䣬ע˭Ҳ˵׼顣
һת־׬Լһٶˬ졣
оǣļǮ֪ɻⱾ£ȻеԼ仰Ҳ˵˵ǿ˰ɣжʮ˵׬˰ɣȴֻҪͶ벻ٵʱ
ܵ˵һĹݣոտҪĹͷ棬Ҳʹѡ
˰Σ˲ŰҧҧģҪһж͡
˵ǿܹ˲Ĳ˼ϵɫ΢һЩ
Ĳ˼翴ֻǵԭʯгۼֳۣףͬһġ˼䱾ʾͬĻͲڡˡ
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ЦЦϹɵ£ãɵ˶Ѻٺ١
κܺǺǵЦ˵磬˲ٵǮﻹŰЩϵãɲܲһѡ
΢΢һµͷ˵壬⻰˵ãҪҰſʯͷ˼֪ģҶ˼ҽ̵أ˼ͷģҲòٶʮģϾ;ܿڡ
κܺԼҪڽǮⱾҪȻҲѾĻ
ֻκܺûܹ赽ٶʮܽ弸ʮ򣬺úõĥʯͷܹ䣬ԼЩǮٴ׬׬Ͳˡ
Ҫ֪ǰǧѺκܺһǮȥģȫǶƴսģ


307 ɳƤ
û뵽һڣȻԥľʹӦԼٶʮκ֮ܺ̾࣬ϲʤжĲΪ䣡
£κܺһŵм䣬ȥһһԭʯ
Ĳ˼󣬵˵ٲ׼ǰȥӺˣʣµĻᣬȫȡ
תͷЦϴôȥˣⲻǽ𣬼ȻǽҪҪȻЩֲֲܴܳûĿͷ
Ĳ˼硰͡һЦ㻹ͦίǰɣҪҪ̾ʧ
Ͻҡͷ˵ϴϴҴ˻𣿼ﻹһ٣Ǯأ
Ц֮Ĳ˼ֳ˵ҿûвȥ⣬ֻǲȥӺˣҪȥˣҵһĲ㣬˵⻰һ
˵Ĳ˼磬תͷһ䣺˵Ҳ˵㣬Ҳ򲻹㣬ҪǰȢؼңһ°
˵⻰ǱĲ˼ȥֻĲ˼ǡꡱЦһֵ˵ô˭Ҫ޸㣬޸㻹Ҫϴ·
һ¶ԴЩ󣬸Ͻǰκܺʵ壬𣿡
κܺҡҡͷûģûУʵЩۻңҾѡ
һСҰ֮ɢһһɫЩ̵ֲɢϵأš70ĺԭʯʵ壬ô
κܺҡҡͷ˵ʯͷɫ˵Ұ׺̣л֮УǣΪļʲңǲ󿴺ӵģʯͷıָߣҶǵãϸһֱģûɼô˴
ЦЦʵЩԭʯ棬ɫԭʯļ߰
⻰һڣԼЦҪ֪ɫļʸߣõȥİ
κܺһ˵ʱ˵ļߵģҪɳƤ֡
κָܺԱһš220ֲڣʯʴϵǴɰʯɫȴǺдҵʯͷ˵ɳƤлƤ䣬ļߣǮˣҲġ
Щ⣬ɳƤʸߣΪʲôֻأ
κܺЦһ£˵ܼ򵥣ļʸߣȴþͻô䣬ʵҲ棬ǧһʮ˿飬䵹ǽ߿飬߿ֵܼһ򣬺Ǻǡ˵ֻǿпޡ
ôһ˵͸ǲ⣬֪ɳƤʸߣֵȴΪʲôֻôߵļǮٶʮɲһСĿ
κܺٴοЦ˵˵Сǲ֪ôͰɣһгĳһʱ֮ڣ˴һԭʯֵ޴䣬˱׷ԭʯΪӦȻͻȽԭʯļ۸̧ߡ
ǡֳҲмѭ˵һʱ֮ڣӦûԭʯ֮УȽмֵǽôһƱضпɹɳƤȷмֵ䣬ôһɳƤҲ
˵ͷʾףʵӦǸйأΪԭʯϵĲ죬͵³ֳԭʯ䣬߲䣬Żӡ
ƶϣǰãгһɳƤӦҳʼߣ󲿷ֵȴǺܺãһ飬ȴֵּˣ͵κܺ泱ȴԵͷѪ
κܺ˵ͷ˵ʵҵһĵãؼǶʱ䣬Լԭʯ࣬Ȼøʼġ
Ĳ˼ں̲סЦ˳˵ףκܺøڼ㣬øʼƱĺжĲ𰡣˵󣬻
κܺЦЦѶϴִû취лޣû߲νľ飬ܹôףҪо飬¥ģõȥ֮ⶫ߷־飬һֵʱ
Ĳ˼簵˵ô࣬ǵû˵
ЦЦָָԱһʮ۸ԭʯ˵壬ƾֱҾʯͷ۸ҲˣҪҪȥ
κܺǰ˿ʯͷҡҡͷȴָԱߵһ濴ýˮһɫɰ̶ɳƤ˵ƾҵľ飬ҵǾһļҪһЩǼ۸Щ
˿۸ıһʮ۸ȻӦġٶʮ򡱣
ЦЦҲôֻҪ㿴⣬˵ҿȵ渶ʱ׬ǮٻҾǡ
κܺһ󼤶ҲȥзԱֱӱһʮԭʯ̤ߵʯϣѡ˽ʦæʯ
ʦκܺԭʯҲʣֱǺţݸκܺ
κܺżǺűʣϸѰ˼һҧʼԭʯǺš
ڽʲôģȻں渺
ӣκܺŰѼǺãȻ̧ͷŽʦǰκ֮ܺ£һ˾Ͱʯͷ˹ȥˡ
ʦЦЦԭʯõļǺţ̶˽ʯļϣȻʼи
κܺһĶᵽ˺һ˫۾ĶŽʯľ·иģԭʯκܺġ
ӹȥʦڹص˽ʯչиıϣųˮϴϡ
ϴɾϵĻҳʦ̲סŶһ
κܺԵĶһ£¶һʧĽꡣ
һڰСԭʯϲϣ̶ɳƤһֺм䲿ȴΪıһƬҰףҲֿʮķʰףǻҰףһƬҰ֮У밵̷̣ȿͷСһС
κܺ˵̶ɳƤֻǱһ㣬мʵһǡ
κܺʧԼ̶ɳƤ伸ʸߣԭʯĳɫãĻӦһ鲻ֵĺô䣬˭Ҳû뵽⿴֮ɳƤȻֻһӣŵľȻֻһ伸ʣ͵ǡ
öȥһѣԼ϶ǶĿˣζĿˣǷһʮ
κܺҧҧһ£Ҫôźá
ʱԱһ̨ҲʯʯͷģǰǿʯͷˣѡԭʯҲǸκܺһ̶ɳƤǿ̶ɳƤǸͷκܺһҪһ롣
ǮȻҲҪ߳࣬ŵġ320ЩĿҲ˵˵̶ɳƤ۸κܺ飬߳˽һ롣
˺Щ⣬ָŽʯͷʦǿԭʯ̶˽ʯϣȻʼʯһʱ֮䣬̨ʯһֱԴ˽Ĳ˼˶Щʹࡣ


308 ˵ֶ
κܺһľȻŶ䣬еκ壬ôˣ
κܺҡҡͷָָʯϵԭʯЩʹ࣬˵һʲôȴû
̶˺üӣͣЪֻǻͣĶﻹ졣
κܺٴҡҡͷһЦʾȥʦԭʯϡ
ƳһǿʦϴɾıϣֻһƬҰףǰǵĵ̵ģڣȻͺϳһ㣬пڣǶеΪɻãС
һʯˣµľǳֶԭʯһгԭʯԭʯȥֱӱϡ
κܺһӣϹֶԭʯΣÿһȫ⿪õģϾֻһӴϸģ˵Ĳֵһ⵹ùĶκܺ黹ܺõȥ
ԣκܺһżùϣһ˿΢Ц˵СֵܣһΣݽȥˣǮ
ЦЦ壬ǮǮģǶ˵̶ֻɳƤαؾôɥġ
κܺЦҡҡͷҲԼùļҵ׶ˣƴյĴһѺ輦û뵽ǽӻˣûһȴԼ׳˸⡣
ʱǰԭʯǱߣǸʦĵһϣͳ̣ңһ̻СھȭͷһСȻɫ̣˼ǽֻǵһ
һгΧ۵ʮȻֺģ˰ķвѣе˵ƾһ̣ļ۸񣬾Ѿֹˡ
е˵÷ϵľ㣬ֺãһ飬鵽˱
Ҳе˵÷ϣ㿴˲ٵǮ˼ҵľ˵˵Ҳմմ⡭
е˵øʵֱӣ÷ϣ˺ô䣬ֱȥǮ죬ʡ£Լȥ
Щȴеԭʯ÷ͷӵģ÷ϣӣ䲻СҿԭȵıǣʱʱҪһġ
ǰǰһ˵˴䣬ǿɾͲˡ˽
µģòȡ
κܺߣĲ˼ȣˣҪ˵֣Ϊκܺһ˼ġ˶ӻһԶԶأԣֲġ
κܺһʧǣĬﰵţҪźٸڽǮⱾһʱ֮䣬Ȼýʦʯ
κܺȥָʾʦ¾ʯһЩǮʦЦģЦģýʦʯ
ԭʯʧ֮£ۣҪôֱӶˣҪֱýʯʦ߰㼸飬ǶԼùķй
ûֱˣ˼ҲûУǮʯʦҪԭʯļǺżʯģͷһ⣡
ʦӹǮҲֱӰǮսȴ̾ϢһӡǸӡ
ʦµöˡ䣬òÿһ϶Ҫϸȥһ顣
ʵִĻֻǽʯٶȲ֮ԻҪÿиһϣҪϲڣҪֵʱһиֻüӣǽʯʦ֮ľ顢ʶͬȻͻһ࣬˷ѵٵʱ䣬ǽʯĹ̺ԭ
̶ɳƤǣٱɶԭʯΪκܺԻµļǺţʦͿԲܲˣֱӰǺµģֻǳڽʯʦְҵ£ⲻҪҼ䣬ȺҵָʾڼȻһĲֵáָʾʦ͸ûʲô˼ˡ
ıϣʦҲȥϴ飬ȥԭʮһԭʯͽֻʣ¶ʮˣκܺļǺȫ꣬ʦͣ
κܺļǺţԭҲֻǻһ֣ŵǣһһ߿ȻپӼǺŻ߸ġ
ֻǲԼùˡκܺһ߰ŷ飬ʦлϼǺŵĵطȻҪͣ»һκܺһô졣
룬ʦʣκܺعȻͬʱǰһһȥһ
ȻһЦ˵˰ʦҵù
һȴһЦ⣬˵ʦʯͷÿ򶼽һҪ̫񡭡
Ĳ˼翴ˣһԸȥһȴݣҲֻһĿţ໰
ʦκܺ΢΢һκܺ˵ģֱӷڵĽʯȴԼͣ˵ҲӦҪչ˲ǡ
һȻϵùʹ˷һȴҪּʯ⵽׸˭İ
ЩʯңЩƢЩϰѲֵǮԭʯгһӵҲԲñ˼©еȴֵģʵڲ䣬ҲͲʣµʯϻж󣬶ֱ˼©Ҳã©Ҳãǡ
ԭʯʣ¶ʮһ飬˵κֱܺӶˣҲɱ˼©ԭʯϾôһ飬ңκܺûеͷߣʦֻʸ©֮κִܺ
ִĿʯͷκܺתת˵ʯͷ᲻䣬Ҳò׼ˣҪɣʯͷ㰲Ҫǳ˴䣬ģҪûд䣬㵽ͷϾǡ
κܺô˵˴䣬ԼģͷϣⲻҪԼǮô
Ĳ˼ȴһ۾ͿκܺҲ㲻ʲôˣǮһѡ񫡱ʱۿѾ䣬֪õľЩȻЩΪѶ򵥡
㵽ͷϣǮ
˵úʵȴץˣ˵ֶΣҲ߯ˡ
壬ʯͷеģҿɲҼ©Ǻǣ˴䣬ҳԶտҪǳˣҲͲǰٶʮǮ£԰ɣˣ
Ȼԥĸκܺô˵
ǰԼκָܺ£Сʱ׬һٶԼûκܺʾʾģڣκܺô˵ˣԼʮʮһΣҲʲô˵顣
κܺһ⻰æƳٵôɣҿǮҪɣʯͷϻģʽҳ󣬲ǿ׬һ壬ƽ̯Ǻǡ
κܺȻϣǰһʮ˵ڸɴʽ׬ȡ󣬻Ҫһƽ֡
ⲻӲӣĲ˼¶һ˿ŭʹˣһǮСһĲ˼磬ȥƽϡ
ɿӣ¶Ĳ˼ȴԲ̣ЩŭύѣۿЩʲôˣУһ˰ˣȴһһΪűˣ治֪Ƕغ񣬻ɵ˼ҡ
һԽʯĽʦҡҡͷٴ˵ӡǸӡ
ҡҡͷתͷȥĲ˼硣
ֻһ˲䣬Ĳ˼ȴ۵һЩЩĲ˼翴ףĲ˼һֱĲ˼ԾԼ˽⣬ڿһ֮Ĳ˼ͻȻ֣Լֱƭĸо
һʱһ𣬳ı֮⣬ȴϧ˾ҪذǸոһۣĲ˼оӦԶֹԼǰ
Сغı󣬻ԼĶҲһֱƭԼ


309 ӹϸ
Ĳ˼绹ĥŵĵЩʲôʱѾתͷȥκܺ˵壬Ȼô˵ҪƳ٣ǾСˣǾͰ˵ģһʯͷҳʽϳۺϻ
κܺ˵óһЦ˵úúãǾʦͰС˵ģʯ
õȷĴ𸴣ʦȻҲԥ°˵ģԭʯ˸ԵһҪиĺȣȻһȥ
÷ͷǱߣһ֣Ҳǿʼһεи̨һδ̵Ĳ˼˵Ķ䷢ʹ˶̲סŶ䣬ֻ̨ϱиǿʯͷ˵ʱ˵ʲôҲû
ߵļӹ÷ͷǱٴλ׶Ұ׵ĲϣѾ¶ͷСһˣȻո¶һ䣬ɫǴ̣ʯŸո²ʮ֮һֻҪ۾ûˣó䣬ѾǱȻˡ
κܺߣոһϣ˵ҲԭʯʱֻʣһԴһʣϣκֻܺǡȻˬ˲٣صýʦıϴɾȻù顣
ֻϵĲ棬ֻпͷСһ̣ӱм䴩
κܺһʯһıϣڨڨĶ˵Сֵܣ죬Ϲˣ
ʲô£¶ֻ֣ʵ
㿴κָܺʯһıһ̵㣬˶˵۾񡭡񣬻ᷢ⡭ܹܹ͸Ƶġ
ǸСС̵ᷢ⣬ͿˣĲ˼ҲˣһССĵҪ˵䣬ǣܹİǼֵҲʮǮѣ̫ϸСˣȥָϵװλ࣬ҪģͲܣο⻹䣬˵ȫûʲô̸ֵ
κܺʹһԼǰֶһκ͵ΣԼƽһЩһĽԭʯȫг飬ͷβģҲôһֻڵڶεʱ򣬸β࣬ʱԼһŭ֮£ֱӾͷ˼иԲ֪е΢΢Ķ׻ʲô
ֻǻ˵ԭʯû˵ܹ䣬κ֪ܺΪԼǡģϾʱ˵ϼ䣬ǾԵԼļûʲô
ǣǰκܺԼʱ¶˲ٵţĲ˼ֲɵӣʱκܺ˵ʲô˭ȥ档
˵ɳƤɶ飬ǼΪϡ£϶йģͿ˵޽Уһ˾ҪѰԭʯҲΪףСֵܣһΡһΡ
ЦЦ˵壬˵Ѷϴ񣬶԰ɣʯͷĶֻ֪ʲôģǺǣҲǺ棬ôʯͷһǵһΣĺ
κܺЦЦġСҪĵãǺܡѡ
ʱǱ÷ͷǿԭʯ֮Уֿʼи䣬˭ļҪ̾Ϳ׻гʲô䣬ֵǮ
Ƚ֮£κܺߣ࣬ʯͷҲԵ̤̤ġ
ⲻ̨࣬ſ̨أʦȻҲż
κܺˣʦԭʯ˸̶ֲſʼиһ
Ȼ÷ͷǱȿʼиߵʯ÷ͷǿԣԵáС࣬ԣһø졣
һӣʦһиϣϰߣʦֽıȡȻˮԳϴһ¡
ֻٴˮｫûŵǰʱ򣬽ʦϵļȻ
ˡƬ̣ʦŸոıϣɳκ֪ܺ˵
˴䡭κܺԵһ𣬶Ҳ䣬ʦڿʲôЦ
ȴһƽתͷĲ˼һۣȿʲôԾҲж˷ܣֻﵭġŶһ
Ĳ˼ȴЩ죬Сȴû˵ʲô
κܺһʦıϣյ۾ǰ棬ϸȥ鱡ıϣһʵشֲڣһߵм䣬аƴһ飬ʵȴԵϸ࣬ɫҲǻҰףһƬ̡
ϸ嵭̵ʵأȻ䣬ѾһʯƤʯƤͨᳬ֣ԣýʯͲֱиҪһʯƤ̶ȣֻܿɰֹֻĥҲͨ˵ġĥ
Ȼǻû䣬ǿƴСһʯƤκ֪ܺǳˣ
ǳˣκܺһ󼤶֮࣬ʱֺһʯƤĴСԤƣͷСֵֻҪǶ֣ʲôģ΢һ;Բֹһʮ
ֵ֡ģҲͲȥˣֻҪŴߵʲôģǼֱֵӾͻᷭϼ
κܺյǣǰһԼְԭʯеһСһСģƫƫһΣԼô벻ˣֵĲƱƫƫҪȥһݣ
ȴǵĸʦţһҪиλá
ǲʦ˵ѾҪгˣȻҪʦУһֱе¶Ϊֹ
Ҫ󣬰ѽʦһҪû䣬ҲͲ˵ˣϾҪˣӻ֧У
Ҫ֪䣬ϾͨʯͷһϺõ䣬Ǳʯȥһǣȥ˵Ķ˵Ӱ쵽ԭмֵļֵɱµ
ˣʦ˭Ըһȱȫ䣿
ԣֻκܺжʦ־ľܾҪȥ
ʱֻܴһУõĻֱܹ·Ǿ͸ãʵڲУոгߣֻȥõ綯ɰֻоĥ
κܺƺ˶һ·ԣ˵úٺٵЦЦ˵ǽȫƾˣǲǶġ
˴䣬ô˵һϲ£˵κܺʦԵæµκֻܺվһ߹ۿǰʦְæ
ֻæµ÷ͷǱߣǰֵ龰ȴࡣ
һǸʦ˳ϴɾֱ֮ӵݸ÷ͷȥ
÷ͷֻһϵĲڣ϶ʱЩȻ
Ϊǰ˵һ䣬Թ۵Ҳã÷ͷҲãǽʯʦһ¾ԭʯ˸λ¶һµһıϣҲڱ÷ͷϵһ顣
ߵϣȻɳƤǻҰ׵ĲϣȻҲһӰС̵㡪һʯΪɻĶ


310 Ѵ
þþɳ÷ͷ⣬ԥ˵ϲɣƫƫһͷֳһ䣬˵ɣԼȴʮأʮһء
һؿ˶Լһ죬˺ݺݵһ٣ԼòЦ
ڣָԼˣң˵ʦǱߣҲһһʱ֮ڣʮ겻һ¡
÷ͷĬ˺һǿϣҧԽʯʦ˵һֱȥΪֹ
Χ۵Ⱥ÷ͷ˾ɥĶ֪Ȥ뿪Ҳߡ
鶼Ƕȥ¶ĻմԼϣڻû˷ʱߣᰤٹ
ԭ÷ͷ˵Щˣһʱ֮ģȫ뿪ˣʣ÷ͷǽʯʦ˹ģһ˿һ˽ʯ
κܺߣʱԵֶˣĲ˼ŽʯϵԭʯһиκܺȴʱǰʦһоϵĲڣֲʱĴְæתʣԭʯ
űϲϵıи㽥¶˳Σ͸¶һ棬ϿȷһȭͷһȦһԲε䣬ûʲôʣϵȻɫֵԲͣԭʯԭ۷⡣
κܺʱüЦһŤһ򾣬κܺϲס䶯
䣬ͽ򣬳ȥıǮڶԿκܹܺõ
κܺгƬˡ
˴䣬ϰСҲûţЦеĳĲ˼ЩŻĽ˵κ磬Ƿ˰ɣҪҪϹ
ϰС˵Ϲأǽֽ㣬ѡԭʯֱļֵѡԭʯļֵΪֹ
ǹƽףʵϣ⼸һ塣
ԭʯȻҪ׬Ǯչ䣬ͬҲҪ׬Ǯң׬ûһ⡰Ϲء˾пһϵؽֲϵȥѡԭʯٰѽһѭ֮С
ļֲֵ̫ͣߣϼԭʯһ䶼ⲻ͵ڰװ׵͸ϰСӣܹһ䣬߼ֵߣֻѡٴνЩֵߵԸ͵ļ۸ϰСӣȻȥѡõԭʯֱеļֵեΪֹ
⵱Ȼһ塣
ʵϣκܺǰ̤һ壬ĸԸ̤˽ȥ˭׬Ǯưκܺڶ档
ңκܺһμûĿǣֱӾϲ̵ʵ䣬ܸ٣
ϰС˵ٰʮֱӾ׬һһʮΣ
һֵٰʮ
κܺҲһԼԤҪأԼ׬һһʮ
Ƭ̣κܺڨЦ˵ǮǮǮǲ̫˵
ϰС֣һӣͷκܺŵϣӴҵκ磬㿴˵⻰Ǽ˲ǣӣʯͷҪĥҪҪ߰˰˵ģҪǮٰʮʯͷκ͸һڷԣǮȥԲԡ
κܺĹͷʱеˣʱüЦ˵ٰʮ۸ʵ̫ˣɣ򣬴Ҷпڷԣòð
Ȼ֪䵽ֵǮǸ䷺ϢԼԼľ飬;ҲֵֻκܺԼĵֵǮ͸ϰСһ飬ƣκܺҲûٸɹҪȻҲ䵽ز
һԵĲ˼һκܺǮһԭʯû֮ǰ͸ˣ˴䣬ֲкţļǮˣУ
ЦЦĲ˼磬ζЦһ£Ҳ˵
ϰСӸЦ˵Ƿκ磬ʮҲ𣬺ã˵ˣȥѡʯͷɣסģҪöˣҿɲˡ
˵ţϰСץǿ䣬ƨһŤһŤĻصǼСӡ
ϰСӽǼСӣκܺԼʹˣˬˣһʮ򣬲ӦǶٶʮָô죿
룬κܺתͷ˵СֵܣǺǡ١Ҽõġ
ЦЦ˵壬˵ģλֻλᣬѾȥˣһΣٺ١
κܺĵ˵ͷԼһӢۣҶǹһصӢۣĲ˼ֻλᣬͱأԼӢۡһЩԼϰСǰ΢ּۻۣĲ˼˵ʲôʲô˵ֻλᣬһζȥȡ˵ã
ʱ붼룬ģֻҪôúúõĿ
΢һκܺ˵СֵܣڣҲֻǮһζѡ񼸿飬ѡһ׳ġ
ѡ񼸿飬Ͷ˼ᣬֻʵҲãúܣ۸͵ģȻܹü飬ֻǾǶʮ˿飬Ҳþͻһ䡣
Ҫǳϣôǵͼۡ
ҪѡһϣģҲþĻϼѵ
ԣ༸ᣬ߶һϣʵһϣã
κܺڲԼǮ飬Ҳô⣬ֻЦЦ˵壬ҵĻ᲻࣬ҪǲһѴģٺ١
˵ţκܺЦЦ
κܺ˼ӢҪӢ۵ֻһλˣҪʹġ
Ҫʹʹһѣ͵Ҫģ
κܺЦЦ˵ãһѣ⣬ÿʵļЩֱۣȥһ۸ߵ㣬׳ġ
ЦЦã˵ӶپͼӶ٣˵ôô죡
ôˬľʹӦҺǳǣĲ˼Ȼûаԣκܺ˵춼ϲ£ˡһͣ
˵ɾ͸ɣ£κܺϸϸһŵĿ˹ȥ
Ĳ˼ϣһԲֻʱʱĸһۣһЩ
ƢҾȻüĿ顱һĲ˼ԼЩԼôô̵ʱ֮ڣһӻıôࡣ
κܺĲ˼ˣЩ֮дУʱ߿Ǳ߿ƣκܺǴעһˣ
һżӳͷԭʯҲκܺûö⣬ۻ֮⣬ʵΪκܺûİգڹעһҪôҪô¹СһЩǾ·
κܺҲײ
ΪκܺĲ˼ˣٴδһżмͷ˻
һżԭʯǼ۸Ƚϸߵһÿһĺڡ700ϣߵģߵ2200
Ҳ˵һԭʯ۸͵ģ߰ϣߵģߴǧ
Щ۸ʵЩˣԣżм䣬϶û߶Ҫüǧһʯͷ٣˵Уû˭Ǹ˼
һżϵԭʯȻסκܺĿ⡣
һּǮһֻüǮϣԽ
κֲܺܲԼʽ״ţôֱʣԼܲȵһЩǮ⡰һЩǮǧ
κܺĵǣԼľʶʲôģȻҲŲóԼЩ飬ڱǰţ٩٩ɽǵȷǴ´ֵ࣬ԼһҪóǧζһС£Լû취Ĳ
κܺЩʼɣѡȥһϣģȥļᣬ᲻һ
֪䣬һżӣߵ˾ͷͷطǸССĽ䣬пҳһߵԭʯںģһҲۣǰЩϵģֻʱ˺ܾҲûʽһȥķϣڽҲô£Ҳû
һ鱻ԭʯ漴ҡҡͷĿŲ
ֻʱκܺĿ⣬һǧһʮɳƤסˣңҲŲŲ


311 
۴һʱǴǰɳƤһԭʯܻӭĳ̶ȣ͵ԭʯҪ߳ܶ࣬ҪɳƤһԭʯļʸߣɳƤԭʯҲвСȱ㣬Ǿǳβ룬ʲô֡ʲôصĶУң䣬ֵϵ͵ģռٷ֮ʮϡ
Ӧ˵һԭʯԭֻʺСС׬ȡ󲻴󣬵ɱҲò̫ߡ
ֻǧһʮɳƤ䣬¶һ⣬ңԭʼĵײһӣߵԵĸŨһЩ˵ʵҲԵϸ˺ܶ࣬ζţɳƤܹǵĻᣬܹﵽٷ֮ʮϣ
֮ڻģûߣӼǮ̫߰ǸûеΡӣߣΪԱߵĽһںЩӰӾԭʯ
κܺ⼸һİġ
ǧһʮļǮκܺ
ȥոյ򣬾ͻһǧ˰ٶһǧ˰ʮһٴԤȵ渶ǿ϶ǲɵˣκܺƤٺ⻰Ҳ˵ڡؼԲӦһǧ˰ٶ򣬲һٰʮ
˵ǮҲǺܶ࣬ϸոյĳɱһӡ渶ǧҪúõĿһ¡
κܺ׵ǣֻһˣҲ˵ƫƫԱ߻иôҪӵĲ˼磡
ԼһҪȫ渶ɳƤǮû׼Ĳ˼һԣ̾ͻ᲻ˣ˵ֱӾԤȵ渶Ҳ̫̫¶ˡ
κܺĬţסĴ鿴ѾһԭʯϣܹǰԼһκܺͺÿһЩ
ƫƫʱָκܺһԭʯĲ˼Цϴһô
Ĳ˼˵ֲô֪һôҪǾúãֱ£Ǯһļ۸񣬶˵Ҳ㲻ʲô
סЩʵϴʲôʱתӣȻôˣ
ôҶһֿ԰βˣǰɣĲ˼΢΢һЦ˵
ЦҲҡϴ󣬲ҡϴ󲻸ңҲҡ
Ĳ˼չһЦ漴˵컬࣬˵ɣǲҪٶһλᣬ˵õģֻܸλᣬҪƵĿ㣬ûҿɲ뱻ˮ
Ĳ˼翴Լͼֻ㬵˵ϴ󡭡Ӣٺ٣ϴ㲻͸ˮˣ
κܺˡΡмһˣ˵ǿԭʯЩȤתͷȥһ˵ǿԭʯ
˵ǿԭʯǶʮҲСֻȴһƤëϣȻҲɳƤһ֣һ˺ȥԭʯëϡ
ԭܼ򵥣ļʲߣһҲָ߼ֵ䣬˵һֱȼ۵͵ԭʯëϡ
κܺڵ˵ҪһѴġҪԣ˵ԭʯκ֮ܺС
κܺתͷ˿Լոտе飬΢΢ĳһƹӱϣתһżм䣬һ·ȥ
Ĳ˼ҡĸκܺҲǲʱһ·ţʱٺ١ԳԡЦ
һżԭʼκܺ˸ȴɵŽߵļǿǧһʮɳƤԣκܺʹڿżϵԭʯҲǶĲɡ
һĿĹżӣʹһ㣬κֻܺصϵżӱϣٴפ㲻ǰ
Ĭãκܺתͷ˵СֵܣһƷܺãǿӵģӦһ鶥䣬Ǯ
˵κܺ»ͷҪķӦ
ֻĲ˼ĵò𤡱һκܺ
κܺԼתͷһ޺Ц壬ǱǮ̫ߵĻǾһһ룬˴䣬˱Ǯģɣϵļ
˵ţκܺʲôӦתͷȥĲ˼˵һ
κܺ̾һڣȻȫ渶κܺ·ˣκܺ·޷Ҳ£ԭκܺҲǴ㣬ֻҪӦȵ渶ǮõκܺҲֻˣκܺģϾҪ渶ǧıǮķռ󣬶ҲǿԵġ
ȻھͰԼ·µġǮһκܺɣǳˡʱ
κܺͰãһҧǮһһĻҲһǧ᲻úײǣԼֲûô⣬ο׬ǮĻԼʧȥʲôˡ
ҲãСǾ;ˣ飬ôκܺʵ
ţð壬˵ˣǾͰϵİ죡עûκܺϣӦ˼
£κܺԱɳƤ˵ʯ̨Ǳȥʯ
κܺŷԱһԭʯϳЦЦкһȥˡ
ٴӦһĲ˼һ𣬸κܺȥת˸
ֻǾǿ鱻ԭʯʱֶ࿴һǿ鴣ڽԭʯ
κܺѡһ鳬ԭʯϰСӣӭ˳
ϵ֬ˮ۶һأֻ۾гһ֪˶ֵزĶκܺؿϡ
ӴϰСһüЦۿһ߽еҵκ磬ǴֱʣҿҿӴιǧһʮӴκ磬ô찡Ǳߵʣû
κܺЦЦһ֣͵͵һϰСӵƨϣЦ˵ʣҲûʲôģǸǮǮǺǡô
κܺƨһ£ϰСŤŤӣκܺϿ˿ûκܺһڣȴκܺĶ䴵һŽ˵ӴκǺˬ񡭡СҾϲˣ
κܺǺǵЦһ˵ȥǹתˣ
ϰСǿŲһӣתͷСﺰۣת˰
Ĳ˼ʵ벻ϰСӣǰ˪ԼȻ񣬵ڿһ֣Ĳ˼һ⡣
úõ⣬ˣֶΣǶ˻˵ʲôһ̬ǼֱǡŻ
ǸСۡ˳κܺЦŽ˵һʯͷҸλСֵܺϻģԣǮһһ룬ˣǰǰŷһ֣ĴҸλСֵܵѺת
ǰκܺûǣһ£棬нʮ
¶κܺһֶᣬıǮ˼ʮȥ
Ĳ˼ͷŭһ׬ģ㲻ָһݣֻԹƤӱԸ˵˼ҵϱһЩȥѲɶǮͲǮˣ
ǮǮҲİ
Ĳ˼ıƢ̾ҪֻĲ˼Ĳ˼ŭµĲ˼ǰЦǺǵģʾĲ˼ʱҪ£ڻʱ
Ĳ˼һߣԴ𿪣ȥ
ת˵ʱκܺÿ˶Ѻﻮ˾Űٶʮֽװ׵ľͱκܺһѣ


312 ٱ
Ĳ˼˵̶ȣκܺѾǿüʮ򣬵Ƕ˵˺ϻ⻹û꣬ˣκֲֻܺԼıǮ׬ǲ֣ǵȻκܺԣ
ںϻʱȻκܺЩǷףϾûڼ䣬ŲʽȻٰĿҲ顣
ԣĲ˼ھͱֳŭȻΪʱ磬ԣסĲ˼ķ
ʣϰСӶκܺһۣȻƨһŤһŤĻصǼСȥˡ
κܺȴֵ߶ֵ߶ģѡʯļ̨ʦʯʦʯһ֮κܺѡ˽ʦ̨ʯ
󷲶ʯˣЩţ˵Լѡ˵ԭʯиҲҪҸʦմմʦΪԼˡ
ʦ䣬Ȼֵ󣬵ĽʯʦʦղҲκܺҪѡģȻ
ϸϸԭʯ˼ǺţκܺʦˣŽԭʯ̨Ϲ̶Ȼʼʯ
ʱ÷ͷǱߵǿѾȫи˳治Ƕʯ˵ġɻ䡱ǰѾ¶һ䣬ȫиȻֻСָͷϸ߹̵ֳһ䣬ļֵúõĻҲֵܹһǧٿǮ
÷ͷٶ򣬾ӽˮˮûðһ㡣
ԣ÷ͷɥ֮һֵֻ̧֣һǧǮ䣬žડһˤڵϡ
СС䣬ʱˤ÷飬Ķֵˡ
˻Ķһ˵Ȼ̾ͳˣҪȻҲƣҲᱻմȾ
ƫƫ÷ͷӰղˣаҲˣˤֵǮ䣬ִ̤߽һŵļм䣬ѰһĿꡣ
ᣬʦĵһѾǰչıϴɾȻ󽻵κܺǰ
ŲڴɫŨһЩʵҲϸһЩκܺЦúϲ£죬ɻɣҪĽ࣡
ԭʯܹ䣬ʦҲǸˣһܹ䣬Ȼٲ˵ģΣʦҲΪǹӣһУʦҲģҲ;ᣬκܺһѣȴʲôҲû˵ȣôȵģỷ֮УѾˡ
ҪǲܽʦûЩ⣬İﲻԼкøеˣĵһԸҲ
Ȼʵܹ䣬ʦȻҲ˲ѡ
һ飬ͣһһһ飬ͣһһѭס˺Ƿ
ڵʱҲˣҹʱֵ֣ƵķΧ֮УȻͽ˯⡣
֮УĲ˼˹
۾ֻĲ˼һŭҪȥ
˸ִ˸ǷȥκܺʱκܺһңĿŵϵʯ
ǧһʮɳƤǳ˴䣬䣬ֻһֵһ䣬ǧһʮͷֵ
κܺȥϰСӣϰСҲֻǱĸ˸ۡʮ
ĿˣĶĿˣôһɳƤκܺһӱϽһǧծ񣬽һʮΪٴͶ룬ȻҲֻԼе
ʱ򣬾κܺҪõóϻһǧһѺκܺȻҲóǮ
û뵽ǰԼΪˣôκܺԼһģ˭֪ʱκ֮ܺ󣬽еʮǮʮµģȫ
ԣĲ˼Ƿŭһ⣬ˣǶνڿ֮κܺһҲûУѵǮ治Ǯˣֻǰ磡
֮󣬶ԿһǧǮνֻǵЦЦĲ˼˵ϴ㿴ҿôһʣ㻹ٸһλᣡ
룡Ĳ˼ŭ̸ߣ㻹ҪʯһλᣬҲԣ
κܺվһԣֻľȻĿĲ˼ҲǰȥȰοһ£ʵʱκܺҲѾûǰȥȰοʸˣ
¶κܺҲû취¶о仰ʲôţԣͽСͶзաȻзգֲ˷գǾֻ̹Ȼܣ
ЦЦκܺʵ壬ǻҪҪһΣһⱾ
һⱾκܺ룬Ƿ룬£ҪⱾֻܶϵǵѺ
ǿκܺƴսģһ
Ĳ˼ŭǲǲԸҵĻˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ϴҿˣҪ취ϣ󡭡
Ĳ˼ŭһ֣ȥֻ˸գŭ֮µĲ˼һ˲סˡ
ԼѾְҲûпЩˣ֮ҪְҪԭΪ
һ֮Ĳ˼ˮһǰ˳
¿ģһ㣬Ĳ˼֪ģһҪɵ飬Ĳ˼Ҳֹˣ
ãҲˣԸʲôȥɰɡĲ˼ᣬ˵
Ĳ˼磬κܺʵ壬ǵѺ𣬲ǻнһǧôҲǧ㹻һѸģ
κܺЩۣҡҡͷ˵СֵܣҲϸӣʽЩ⣬ҲˣСֵܻҪһѵĻҾһߣ⣬ıı˵ɡ
κܺϣֻЦЦ˵ȻһϣҲû취ˡ
˵գҡͷת˷ԭʯļм䡣
ֻǸոսڷԭʯļм䣬ȴӭͷ÷ͷ
÷ͷһ˫۾Щ죬ʱмЦЦȻһԭʯȥ
Ŀĵڼм䴩УԼԼľ̸ۡ
ǸСӣľһӣһǸ֪
Ǻǣ˼褴ƸǣǹԸⱻӣ˭а취
ϧǹӵŮˣһʻǺǡ
ΪϧҲУѻ⾡Ĳ˼ϳҲУɶѵģ顣
¶һɲмԹԵڼм䴩һ䣬ֵκܺǿԭʯĽϡ
һ̣¶һ̰񣬿˿ڽǿҳںԭʯ
̰ɫֻһ漴תͷĴһ£ΧҲûʲôˣԳ˼һ£ȻκܺߵǿԭʯԱߵġֻͨһСԭʯ
һԭʯ棬ģһЩʯϱ֮⣬ҲʲôߣңҲһٶʮһ鼫Ϊͨëʯͷ
˽ʯ̨ϣϰСŪĳ˿ļ۸һ仰Ҳ˵ֱ۸˿ȻƨһŤһŤģصǼСȥˡ
ôͰһԭʯԭҪ˵κܺȴֻع
Ĳ˼ԭأһ˫涵ۣؿһһģܼˡ


313 
κܺǿЦЦʵ壬㿴ʯͷô
κܺһҵϣǿһ˿ЦݣҲ˵ҵľ飬»һ飡
ЦЦʮ飬ҲνʦʯϾͽˣôôС
˵ţͳһǮҲû˽ʦ
ʦȻмĿ̲סҡҡͷӡ޶Ǹӡ
ΪķԸҪôôУʦֻԿһۣԭʯȻǺŶȥֱӾ͹̶ʯ̨ϣһ׼һҵĺȡ
ʱ÷ͷǱҲԭʯļǺŻã̶ֹȻ̨һ𿪶
һΣ÷ͷѡԭʯСһԭʯϡ
΢ϴһıϣʯͷʦͰѱϵݸ÷ͷ÷ͷֻһۣϸˣûʲôĵķ֡
ʦԭʯĵһиûϴɾ÷ͷǱߣֿʼʯӴ̶ʱֱÿ˵Դֱꡣ
ʦϴɾˣƳһֶۣ˷϶ѣһתͷȴͻȻʲôƵģæٰǿ鱻Լ˵ı˻Ȼϸؿ
κܺʦ־Ͷ˸ոıϣһģʱֳȥҪһʱȴʦɫ죬ִҴҵİѶ˵ı˻κܺͷ̲סһ
ѵʲô֣
κܺҪǰȥҲðııʦȴҡҡͷ̾Ϣһԭʯת˸λãȻµť˽ʯ
һʦҡͷ̾ϢκܺȻףǽʦۣȫƾʦʦȻֻܿϸһûʲôֵôСֵġ
κܺѡԭʯˮǮĽ࣬Ҫ֪ѡԭʯʯ˶ԭʯšɳǮ˼ܳļʣһܳ䣬ȴϼƷ
ǣԭʯһϲͨͻΪһǸȻǲܵģ
κܺʱκܺҪ˵ĻںǰʮǮκܺٶ˵ȥ
ƫƫʱ÷ͷǱߣͣ˽ʯʯʦֻǿһ۱ϵĳɫ̲סһ˳
÷ͷӹǿϣ΢˿Ҳһ֮ɫıϣĳһ̣ң̲аƴСһ飬ɫҪγˮһ㡣
ӣѾΪӽˣΪӽ䣬пǽһʯƤһЩ
κܺ˹ȥ÷ͷӹһϣĽͼʡ
ϵ̣ɫŨ񣬶ҽ޷СֻҪһ۾ܹƵó䣬ˮͷ㣬ҸͷСˣ
÷ͷĶˣֻҪһ䣬ǰǿǮ׬ǵǮֻһͷ
Լһ׬ˣһתۣͿʮֹǮȥ÷ͷͬһһתֻۣ׬˲ֹʮǮ
ԣκܺĽͼʣ˵ôͻô
÷ͷͬòмһκܺȻæȥкʯͷʦԭʯҪȥиκܺһ˹һߡ
߲ſʼ̶ԭʯߵĻͣʦչҪһ±ϵĲڣһЪ
κܺŤͷȥ˿Ǳߣֽʦɫ糣ıҲֻһϴһȻ־ӵѾǱȻˣκܺ΢΢һ;ɴ಻ȥˣԼĺȰⲻ䣬Ҫȥû׼Լأ
÷ͷ߽͵ٶȾ˺ܶ࣬ÿıϣҪʯʦԼ÷ͷӵϸ鿴ͺǵʱˣʱԽ÷ͷӾԽ˷ܡ
ڣ⻻λõĵڶͬŲСһƬ̣ɫʵءСĶѡ
κ̲ܺס÷ͷһ𣬷һôУҪж񡭡
һκܺߵģȥԵ
ֹ˽Сʱ÷ͷߣֿʼۼһЩˣЩģ۷׷ף÷ͷߵǱߣûȥǡ
ڡżһ֮䣬÷ͷߵĻͣˣߵȺ֡żǸϤЦӴιСֵܣǸߵļǮˡ
Цÿ˶ϤϰСӣԭʯгľЦⱾҲûʲôֵֵģе˶ֳ֣ԾǣҪߵļǮ
ߵļǮǶ٣ֻ˵һ⣬Ǳߣ˴䣬ңһֵܸߣߵϰСӸߵļǮ
ѡԭʯ˴䣡
κܺԾѣֺڲһʱ֮䣬κܺЩҲû룬̾תȥǱߡ
ߣκܺĳӶڵ÷ù
ģһһӤԴСֻʯƤ䣬¶Ĳֿһ鱦ʯˮ̴䣬ҳɫĥ֪䣬ֵǧҡ
ϰСӣҲѾѼǮǧǺεȵľˣ
ڽ䣬ǰĿһԶ׬˻Ǵ׬׬׬ֵģֻϰСӸǮҲ׬ǧ
ǧ򰡣
κܺ˳ԭʯܹһٶҪֵĻһҲͼʮԼһǧĿˣΪʲôͲܼһ£ٳһС
ûоκܺѾԼֻЦĽףϰС˵һҪǾټӶʮ򣡡
ټһٶʮٳѺʧ׬ֵǮ͸ոպǧ
ǮеݣϰСӿ䣬ǧܲ˵ģԼҲֻܹ׬ٶ򲻵İ
ҪɣҵҪɣ΢һЩİ򶼲ܴո
ԣϰСŤӣҪöԸκܺһУӾϧǣͲһס
ûǧٶʮ򣬼֣
֮£ϰСֻ㬵Э¶һݡȻʹʹĽй۹תˡ
תʣϰСӲŤƨɣǻ𼱻ǵģ䣬صǼСȥ
ţһϰСӣ˵Ҳкüʮĺôɣ
ֻ׬ǧ򣬻Եδתԭʼļӵȥ
Ĳ˼ںߣȻôûеȰǼþհɣʯ̫ˣǻȥ
ЦЦ΢΢Ƴһ۸ԼκܺЦЦϴ󣬲ҲĻɹ鱦ģ㿴æҹɻֿտգܵҪеջɡ


314 û
Ĳ˼绹Ҫ˵ϽסĲ˼ĻͷָͷĲ˼˻Σ˵ֻҪһ飬һܹ㹻鱦һ˵ˣȻҰĵȥϼ죬òã
Ĳ˼Ĭһ˳Ĳ˼ıⲢҪȥ鱦񣬳ԼҪɢɢ֮⣬ҪʱԶɣϼɣ裬ΪͬճԺɣݼڣɣϼԸ
ʱһҪӲֹĻƱӻǧ˳ɣϼǶԼ˵ǵòʧ
ˣĲ˼Ҳֻӣ˳һء
Ĳ˼ô룬ô˵ѾԼЩԾˣҪǰֻ֧ķݶһأĲ˼Ȼ֧䣡
̫̫˼ˡ
κܺȻĻЩԼʱ򣬱ҪҪǣãֱ̫ˣáˣκܺûҪһǼֱϹۡ
κܺʹԼʧߣСʧǧ󣬷ֵԼͷϣԼִһ̣
ʹ˼ʹκܺٴҧأ׷ŵЦһ򾣬ס䶯
Сֵܣܸܲ飿κܺԭΰǵòʱǰȻԵЩǫ
תͷЦЦ
ո׬Ǯ׬˲ٵǮ˭˭ܸˣһˣͺããܶͶ
һĿĵǰߣһЦʣ壬ʲô£
Ĳ˼һκܺӣ֪һҪʲôǮǲ̸ˣԼٴӦκܺҪϻһһ׮⣬û׼һʴ֮䣬ͻӦ
ûĲ˼뵽Ҫ˵˵κܺպ޳ܣܲһ;ҪһֻĲ˼⻰û˵κֱܺӾ˵Сֵܣãմմ⡭
ŶһЩĻعͷκܺ壬ʽתˣ
κܺڨڨһЦȥش⣬˵СֵܣһһǧıǮǺϻ׬ģ
ҡҡͷ壬Ҳϸӣ֪ģʯҸͲҲҪһֱôãǿ϶û˵һһ˱֣塣
˵ţҡͷʾϡ
κܺ̾һ˵⼸죬ȷЩѸո׬ϱӵˣҲ̰ģСֵЯһѣҰѽǮ׬κĳ˾ͻм
壬ʯзգ֪ģѱȫѺϣҿɵ𰡣תȰκܺ¶¹ңҪ
κܺһģ˵Сֵܣκ㣬ô
κܺһˣӢۣȻһëͷСӵģҲ̲ס֮ģ˼Ƭ̣̾һ˵壬ҿҪѻ˵ͷȫѺϣҪúõĿһ£һ⣬ҿǵΡ
κܺĬȻ˺ܾãЩȻ˵СֵܣԸЯһѣǾͺϻһΣҪǲԶҲû˵ˡ
κܺȻǲ̣˵ðɣ壬ҴӦ㣬ⱾǮһĳ󣬻ļֻһ߲ııܴﵽҪǾͺϻһΡ
ӦһƳԼκܺмĪٴμЦͷͬ
£ȻκܺͷڼмﲻͣشתһתתԴЩˡ
òϸϸļԭʯκܺСУ壬ѡɣ۵òˣЪһѡˣٽҾǡ
κܺ˵ͷȥϢһԣԼ˼·
ԼĪ˰СʱκܺӼӴ˳֣ϲ̵˵СֵܣСֵܣô
վҪȥʱһתǰ˳һЦתͷһκܺȻҡҡͷ߿ƣκܺЭʱˣ˶ĶغͣκܺıмͲΪȻˡ
ҲںôԼ´ӣκܺǰ
κܺѡģһһСԭʯëϣģͬһװʮƵľͣСһһΣҲаʮصһ顣
ԭʯıһǧСҲа˰򣬸ոպǧ
ŹǷҲ˵ȻκܺѡģȻκܺĵòȥ졣
ǰչ̶ĳ򣬽Աæԭʯ˵ʯϣ˸ԳһǧȻ׼ʯ
ΪһҪԭʯ÷ͷǱ̨ڻĽţвԸⵢ̫ʱ䣬ϰСڰһʯʦŽʯ
κܺѡԭʯǼֵǧģϰСһ仨ٲ˶κܺ˴ģķС
һΣκܺȻͷе֣ɫ˲٣Ͳһס
ŮûȤֻϰСӣ̫Ǹˡ
ΪʦļһЩʯȽκܺͰŽʦæǿСģһջƵʦֽһԭʯͽ
κܺǱȽϿСһԭʯǺŵʱҲԵرСģڴһ飬ΪͷκܺҲֻǴԵ˼ǺţȻýʦʦһʯ
̨ʯһǴ̶˵Ĳ˼˶ܲˣԣ˸ϳ˳Qκܺһչˣûʲô飬Ҳ
˳̾徲˲٣ͬ棬һ
Ĳ˼ߵߣʵκܺô
֪Ĳ˼ҪȰԼٸκܺȥ£ҲлĲ˼˵ֻĲ˼ֱӾ˳
΢΢Ƭ̣תͷĲ˼˵ϴҼòûҪΣζ֮󣬲ϴȰңҶˡ
Ĳ˼ĵʵΪʲôΣһΣֻһΡ
ңڵʣ˼ҡҡͷЦϴܲܲҪңЩʱʵҲͦεġ
ʲô˼Ĳ˼ٴĵ˵ôһʱԽͷԽ֣ǿŸıԼ𣿡
ҡҡͷ𣬹˺һָָڵĶ棬ʵϴ֪һЩʲôطôǱߵĻô
֪ΪʲôͻȻǱߵĵطǸȤĲ˼ΪֻӱܸոյĻ⡣
Ĳ˼Ȼ˿ֺȤ΢һ£ǸȫһƬĴɽֱǱߣò˰ʱ䣬͵˱߾ߣǱߣһ޼ʵġҰɽ
Ұɽʧг


315 
㡭ôͻȻĲ˼粻Ŀ
ûлشĲ˼⣬΢΢ĬƬ̣ʵǱأ
Ǳһֱǰߣϲɽ˵㶼ûѧͼûߣûзУֲĲ˼һҪȥǳ
û˵꣬Ĳ˼ֱС˺ܶ࣬ǳĻҲû˵
̾һһĵطȥȻֳ򦣬ͷ˼
صģĲ˼һ飬ƺо̾ҪһЩõ飬ֻĲ˼ľ飬ȴ벻ҪһЩʲôЩģĲ˼׵ߣһֻ֣ǵĵʵܸܲңôˣ
ϴ󣡡عЦЦЩɬ˵ϴܲܰһæ̾ͻصǸȥ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ;ô죬϶ʲôҪۻᷢʲô飬ҪĲ˼뿪Ĳ˼Ҳõ
Ĳ˼粻ϣҡͷ̾ϧ˵ϴҾ֪㲻ϣˣһɣ㹦ãڵģٺ١
һҵ䣬ǸϰСӻ㲻ţĲ˼Щ׹ӸոһʱܣԼģҪҵ˺õ䣬ǿ϶ҪһЩȥģȫ
£Ĳ˼翴Ҳ㲻ʲô£Ҫİ취ǣ򵥵һǼþգھ̷ˣ鷳УѾ׬Ǯˣ
Ĳ˼Ľ飬ǹ˺һҲ
ԥ䣬κܺҵˣ˷Ķ˵졭ȥ顭鶼̡
ӦǽıϱѾһЩߣκܺżҴҹǱϲ
Ĳ˼κܺ˺ǲмҪ˵ֻг̣ǳ˴䣬Ҳþʲôֵø˵飬ԣκܺĲ˼üͷ仰Ҳô
Ҳֻ΢΢һЦ˵壬Ƿˡ
ߡκ֣ܺһЦ⣬ֻͷʯĵطȥ
һߣκܺһ߸˵Ҷľ飬ǿƤٶһأǿ÷ɳҲһˮأǺǡΣǷˡ
ֻ΢Цһ·κܺص˽ʯ̨ϡ
ʱʦߵǿԭʯƾκܺ˵ƤѾиֻʣ±ȷ˶ٵһ飬ʱ򣬿óһԭʯȫǳɫȴǳͬκܺ˵䣬ͷûðһ
һĻʦ飬Ӧþ÷ɳҲ¶һƬ̣ʦѾԭǵ˷и
һʦ߾һϣϴɾһһƬ̣֮ʵشһЩȻʲô䡣
κܺĹƣѾǵıأ׿Լľ鲻˵ǰǿ䣬Щ߱ϣģ
ʦһ󣬶һҪиλáȣýʦʯκܺתͷȥʦߡ
ʦʣµԭʯȽʦǱߵǿ΢һЩʦֽʦǱ߲ſʼʦһиˡ
һʦҲ洺磬䣬Ѿ¶ͷȻ󣬵¶ĵطȻͬκܺƲӦɫһˮء
κܺЦúϲ£ˣڵֻҪˮصĸͷܹﵽԭʯ֮һСһ飬ȫǴ׬ңܷڱǮнʦǱߵǿ飬ȫ㹻ˡ
κܺˣʦǱǿ飬ֱϰСӣһ˳飬Ҳ˻رǮڻʦ飬Ǻǣ˵ʲôˣֱֱֳ򣬼Ǯߵöࡣ
κܺ־õİţͷĻҶܱ׬ǮǺǡκ徭ϵ
κܺƤһͨ꣬û䣬Ǿӣ˵ĻǶǷƨ˴䣬үǾô˵ô
ǡʱ÷ͷǱߵԭʯѾȫ꣬õһѷϣ÷ͷڵһᣬ͸
ѵģʲôʯͷôõġ̡Ϊʲôȫֻǡ̡
κܺЦЦҡͷ˵÷ͷĻͦģٺ١
˿һκܺҲҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ǰΧ÷ͷרЩûӰһģ֪Ǹȥˡ
ʢŭ֮£÷ͷһһķϣӽ˷϶ֵĹһۿʦ̨ϵԭʯһƬѾ¶ͷ䣬۾ཱུһڿˮȻһҧأӴУȥѰܹ¸ԭʯ
κܺҡԴЦ⣬תͷȥʦʯ
ʱΪλѾ¶˳Իʦµ˼ɣԭʯûʣ¶٣ԣÿһò̫ʱ䡣
ʮӣһ÷ɳȫϣǿ䣬ȴκܺ۾ˮǲͷҲСģͨСһ飬ͻʣҪûЩʣֵǧǧҲпܵģЩʣϾͲֵʲôǮˡ
ϰСֻǹһۣκۣܺҪĻҲûᣬȻŤƨɣԹԻصСȥˡ
ѩϼ˪ǣʦһҲгģֻһƬ̡ѣԭʯȻʣ°СϿԿ϶Ѿûɳ
Ҳ˵κܺһκǧ򣬵õģֻһֵ䣡
κܺ䣬ۿնģ黹Ҫϸĥ䡣
ãκ̧ܺͷһ˫۾ɬĶ˵СֵܣԲ䡭䡭ҡˡ
壬䣬ǻֵһЩǮôˣ۶٣бǮ˵
ǡκܺһڿˮŽͰ͵˵ֵʲôǮġҪҪȻҰҵһݣҲ㡭
ϰСӶҪĶȻûʲô̸ֵʱκܺȻ뵽ҪǮ˶ҪĶ
ǵ˵壬ҪǮ
κֻۣܺ¶һɾ̰һɣһ򡭡
ҡҡͷ˵䲻ֵǮǣһ϶ֵģ˵κܺʼݣԼһһ𣬷һʼκܺһˣֶΣز
ֲɵӣϵǾǹһˡ
˺һֿ˿ҧ촽Ĳ˼磬˵壬Ҳֵ֪ô࣬⣬Ҳһ棬˵ۣϿһ£ҸʮԸ⣬̳ɽҪǲԸ⣬ٺ٣䣬ʳ룡
ô˵ҲЩˣ䣬Ȼֵ˴ǮվһģһȥͳһĲֵĲƷϡ
κܺϺһ󡢰һ󣬹ãҧ˵ʮ򣬸ʮȫģ
ҡҡͷʮѾǰ˵ģռɵĸģٶˣҲ𣡡
κܺһȻ˵Ȼ㲻ϸʮҾֻȥҸңǮ֮㡭


316 
һЦðȥɣһѣǮǹһݡ
κܺʣҪ˵ģһ˵Ҫѣɵô˴Ƭְ̣ѻ˳ݵǰ˵СֵܣҪһɣٶһѡһѡ
κܺҪһѡ󡱵ģ䣬ʮ򶼸С󡱿̸ҪҲֻܶһѡСġ
üͷϻҪȥ
κܺ̾һһΣƴսǧһԼ˸⣬Ͷĸĳš
룬ֻҧ˵ҿԸʮ򣬵òҪٶȥˡ
˵ԸκܺϻֻܺίȰҪٶȥ
κܺ룬˵ͷ佻ʮʮʮҲǱǮ
ӹ䣬ҲûͽĲ˼磬κܺѹ۽й׼תˣ˭֪κܺҡҡ֣˵ˣһҪһѣѡԭʯֱת˸ǡ
΢һ֪κܺҪˣ£Щ˵ͿŰɣҪǼǮ̫˵Ļٺ١
κܺβ֪˼ңκܺľ⣬˵ôκܺҪѡԭʯ۸ҲʮңʱˣһʣѻֱӾˣѾвͨ˵ġ
ԣκܺ΢΢Ƭ̣ٴԼĿ꽵һЩ
ʱҲȥκܺתˣڽʯ̨ϣȴκܺѡԭʯ֮󣬿ˣ
һκܺͱһԭʯһǼǮͬǰԤϵһκܺռ˵ԻǸĲˣȻŪһֵʮԭʯ
ֻ˿ԭʯüͷ˼Ƭ̣´ǬóǮպʮȻתݸκܺ
κܺһ㶣˵ȥôôָĸֽˣ
ЦЦֽת˾鷳һЩҲҪһأתתȥģǶ鷳
κܺ৵һ¾ͺˣԼҧأֻռǮıˣû뵽һȻֱӾ͸ֽıˣռˡ
ռıСԼʮԭʯиоֻ飬ԭʯͲԼˣ
СҡҾͲһ㡭㡭㲻ȱǮˡܲܡ࡭࡭κܺͰ͵飬ǴͰɣں飬Լû飬ɾ͡
ҡҡͷתͷһĲ˼磬ֳĬ˺һ̵óһǮҲǧ˵࣬ŵݸκܺ
һƣκܺҲˣҪڴõǮǧˣҲ˵ԼиоԭʯջǲԼ
κܺǮͽԭʯŻصϣĿ˺һȥһʮԭʯ
Ȼֽ˿ԭʯʦʦֽܿ죬Ͱѵһ
Ұ׵ĲϣһƬҰףʲôûС
УϵĲһƬҰףֱԭʯȫгһıƬ
һѷϣκܺȻһƨ˵ϣˣʲôˣ
ʱȴĲ˼磬Ҫһ峵ֽ˷ԱŰ峵һ·𣬲ʱʮԭʯСģģ˵ĶС
ϰСӹ鿴һӾѡôԭʯȻǲͣذķУʹ۶һˣһǧ
һǧ⣬ԭʯ˵ⲻ࣬ƻеģˣ˵⣬ƵģǰҲֻһһڵϣǰƵǸˣκܺ
ڣκܺˣҪǲ漣Լκܺ¥Ϣ
κܺһƣھֻˡ
ʮԭʯһ̨ʯһȥ⣬ǾͲ֪ҪȵʲôʱˣϰСһ£ˣȫĽʯ
ϰСȻüЦţ֪˶޻زͣظܵĽӴš
ͣ͵Ĳ˼硣
һ̨ʯʦȫ룬ûһǮķ˹ȥλʦȻҲüЦǮҪҪϼǺš
ϼǺ£Ͳɴ࣬ȫʦǴǾϻô죬ôС
ʦʦǰʯģƢ˽ⲻ˵ֱӾͱԭʯϼ̶ܹȻͶֽʯ
̨ǺƿƤӵķˣҲж̶жһ֣ԼǮ֡
Сʱһԭʯ˳ϣֵܼҲûʮ飬µ˴䣬һˮصģ˵ҲǼֵǧһһЩɿֵ¡
Ҳ˵µĻ߰˿ԭʯȫ׬ˡ
ƣһܴ׬߰˿ԭʯⲢϡ棬ʯͷʦ֣żһ۵ˣҲûʲôˣ
ƾҪһ䶼ⲻϰСⳡӣҲ͸ùͣҵˡ
˴䣬ϰСȻҪƨ߶ƨ߶Ĺ⣬ѼǮõú䣬һǧҲϳֵġ
ϰСӶ굽Ļŵ۴Уϵĳһֶ˷Ӧֱ֮£Ĳ˼ó˵ƣǮϣԲһǮ
ʵûʲô׬ͷʩչԼΪֶΣû취ɿڣϰСֻŤƨɣĻصС
ϰСӣʯʦֿʼ˵ڶֵĽʯһΣͬҲзϣ࣬һ飬һϵԭʯ۸񣬲飡
µĿ䣬ȻСһֵزһֵܼҲǧ
ϰСӲģٴγһΣϰСӵûʲôֶˣòϣϰСӳĲ˼͵ǰ
һҪۣϰСӿһܹ׬ȡ󣬾̫΢ֻٴηչ
ŤƨɻСݵʱϰСӶĵһ䣺޶ûŮˣͲˣûôСġ
ϰСŤƨɻصСӣŹͺͺ°ͣЦĲ˼磺ҡҡСôϴѵ㲻Ůˡ
Ĳ˼ֺֺЦıӣ˵ٰѰҸᲢۣôʰ㡭
ĵֽʯԭʯֻĿˣ̨ȻͲһ飬ЦЦֱȥǰκܺΪǮ˵һԭʯ˹Ц˵Ǵո
˭Ҳ뵽ֵĽʯȻˢˢĳ䣬ֵ͵ģңֵߵһ飬Ȼκܺ˵һԭʯ䣬һֲص䣬ֵҲǧң
ʱκܺȻֱͦͦڽĵذϣֱ˹ȥ


317 㲻
һΣ֪ڼǮϾԲɶϰСӻ˳ƬЩԹûǰЩĶȴЩǿӲСϰ壬ܽô䣬ҲΪˣ룬ҪܹԺʵļ۸ǽףҸˡ
Ĳ˼米̽ԴٺٵЦ˵ϧڼ۸ϵķ̫˰۸ܲˣôء
ϰСĿ˰ΣżҴҵĻصǼСӡ
ôˣĲ˼̾һ˵˰ɣǻȥɡ
ȴδЦ˵ǻЩʱ䣬Ӧûüһѣ
˵ţǰǸԱ˰峵һΣԭʯ࣬Ҳֻ飬ÿ̨ʯһ顣
ٵʱȴһС鷳
ԭʯ֮УһֱڽһԭʯҲ˹Ŀ鶼ıżۣΨԭʯ棬ûм۸
ϰСҧ޺޵һѣΪԭʯһЩϰСʱҪ
Ҳ⣬û۵ԭʯȻԼ˵ģ˼ҪʲôǮҲֻ˼ңȻ֪Ǳˣ֮е£޿ɺǡ
ԭʯϼһ£ոպϵѺ꣬Ҳ˵⼸ԭʯֱ꣬ӾͿˡ
ϰСŤƨɺ޺޵ĻصǼСӡ
ʱΧʯ˽Ķԭٵ䣬֮⣬ӦûһЩֵôѧϰľ飡ֻƾǲ˼顣
һȺΧż̨ʯĿ۵ۣȴûעԼĵĲ˼æѽȫ˳Ȼ֧Ĳ˼磬Ҫе䶼ƵĲ
ֻĵгߣͻȻζ˼⣬ϵãǳӴƵ⡣
⼸⣬ﰵ̾ϢһȻˡ
ٶȣֱӷŽǬ漴һЩ׼׼׵Ŵ̤ص档
ʱ̨ԭʯеòˣΧ۵ͱˣԭʯһֻȫ䣡
ǿ鱻ϰСӺݺݵһʵԭʯѾ¶һƬΪĺɫ˵ǹ죬ΪЩ˶ôõʯûԭʯ֡족ɫ˵죬ʵһЩ˵ǻ죬ȴֵһЩ֮ҪǱʵشϣɰ߰ߣġ÷ɳʦҪ϶һʯ
ԭʯʦһʦĺɫ˰ΣŷıϣԭʯļǺſã̶һи
ֻԽУʦԽľ
ֻλʦľΧ۵˶ѾȻ÷ɳ棬϶һ麱ĺ䣡
ΪʯͷľƬиССˮܣרΪʯˮµģŽʯתˮͽȻýˮĴҽǰһ鲼ϣˮϣˮۡ
һʱĽˮΪʯϵʯмҷۣǰɫɫ÷ɳĽˮȴǽɺɫ䵽ڵĲƬȻһѪ
Σ˹죬ֱǿֲ
ʦס¶飬һһµףȻȲıİʯϣˮϴʯϲڡ
ϴɾʯϲڵһ̣ʦ̲סĽг
һʯϵĲϣʾţ̶ڻ̨ϵǿʯ棬п䣡ԭʯֻи֮һԣĴСȷǣϾǳ˴䣬һ鼫Ϊĺ䡣
Χ۵˺ֲѣϽóһЩǮλʯʦûбҪ󣬾ҪĽ⼸ԭʯ
˴󷽣ʦʦ޲ѿҵı춼ʹ˳ٶȣ˼ֹһ롣
Χ۵˵֣ϰСȻ֪⼸ԭʯֳ˴䣬´ŹۣһЦĳŴһۿ
ԵľͿóϰСӵйɽ˻֪ϰСΪʲôôȴ׵úܡ
ԣҲЩǲסǮŽʯʦӿٶȡ
Žʯ䣬һٷ򣬳ʦ̨ʯϵĺ仹û֮⣬̨ʯȫͣĿ䣬͵ȼģǵأһǱŴǲء
һԭʯ䣬ʵϼѣҸͷСǿŴһСһĲضظǿ鲣أ˵Ҳ幫ҡ
ֵѾһ˵ԣм˼ֻһëͷͷСӣֱóֻ⼸գʼֻⷢųȥˡ
Ҳ˲࣬ףֱץ䣬
˼䣬֮£ֺǾ棬һװôȥ
ֻһ֮䣬Ŀȥװ˽ȥϰСҪֹˡ
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ϴɾʯмҳ¶ĵطȻһŵĻ棬ƽһ㣬ⷺĴ죬ֺ޶Ŀ
ʦȻˮ૵߶֮꣬ܽĶһӣֵˣ
ȵʦпһѾʹʦ䣬һȺ˿һŻƵĺ䣬ʱһһӵϣ׷׼ǰҪȥӵĳ൱ң˶һҪΪеĳ嶯
ֻҪۿˣУֻҪҳûҪȡˣǴ󲿷֣и˱Ƶڵأûȥ˹ϼţֻǵڵϵǸˣĲҽȺĺ׵׵ûȥ
Ĳ˼һͷû뵽һ䣬Ȼôĺ䶯æͦǰҪӿǰˣֻһ̣еײײĲ˼һܹ赲סƬ̣Ĳ˼ͱȺû
һֱź䣬סܴˣǣȺϷŹǣһȺҪǰԭʯļӶõȥϵԭʯĹһء
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žһǹ죬ǹ죬Ⱥ׹ôһ㣬һţԴ϶׵ĶףſſΨпӵ۾ᱼԼɹ
ǹʱһǹǹڳ죬ȻվһԱߣȵ˼硭˼硭
Ĳ˼һ˫ֱԴ˶һԣ֪Ĳ˼ֻôл
Ĳ˼վʵû뵽һϻǹ֧һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼顣
˺䣬幫ϣϰСʹ˵绰ŵ绰ֺֽУʲôҲ˵ֻ˵ǳ˵ңҪԷЩ˵˵ģôôöû
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ֻǣ·ڵϵκܺʱ΢΢ͣһ£һ鲻䣬ӵκܺϣȻ˵㲻һͷҵģҪȻƾҵǿԷƵġ
˵꣬Ĳ˼һӳƨɺ棬һȺˣƵ׷˳
Ĳ˼˸ոճ˳ǰǼҲ˳ߣ̶ɲţٵ˶ӳ˳


318 ĺ
Ĳ˼磬ԥûУ͵͵ĺһҰɽ򡭡
ǽгǸոոϹһȺˣ໵Ľֱ˹ұһֱϲɽĿǰ˵Ǿһܵĺȥ
ԣĲ˼ϣֱֱľҰɽ˳ȥ
Ĳ˼׹ǰΪʲôҪԼԭʯг򣬵ʲôطԭԤϵпܻԤȸĲ˼˸к
ЩˣôԤϵõһôĴ䣬ֻ˵ļʡΧ
عĲ˼ҪЩ£ڵΣﻹϾ͡
ֻһζĳĲ˼磬һ߻ǹʱһǹ
ǹһ죬ߵЩȻ໵ıԴʯѣطܣǣֻҪǹһͣ
æ֮УĲ˼磬߸ոոϵЩ˲ԭʯгΧǽ
ոոϵЩˣԵıǰʯЩҪýö࣬Ĳ˼ʮԶͣغȴҪĲ˼վס
Ĳ˼վסĲ˼Ṧ򣬵˼ôˣĲ˼ܶԸ˼
Щ˺ţ֪ǹҲƵ̫סķǹȴûеͷˣײʯͷȵʲôģ֪̾ŵģһûӵļǹе˵ӱ˲٣ٹһ֪ϲżֵɹ䣬е˸Ƿһ㣬ǲһԲɢߣˮһ׷Ĳ˼˲š
ң˽гɫѾǳ΢¶Ĳ˼ܣҲͬú׷ŵЩ˼ΪԵĿꡣ
˽гҲ·ܣڴ·ţ˼гǻǷַӾ顣
ԣĲ˼磬ﾶСܣңֱǰҪȻ̾б˰Σա
ﾶϣӲݴ¶ˮĲ˼ܵЩѣԺ׷ͬγ˲С谭
ԣ˼ǱŶʮ׵ľ룬׷ģͣ׷ӵģڴҲҴӡ
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Ĳ˼Ҳ΢΢һº漴һһҧֱӾСɽ˽ȥ
ʵѾݲٶһԥ䵽Ⱥ˵ǽʲôĺĲ˼綼Ҷ롣
Ĳ˼СɽҲͣ٣ֱӾ͸
ɽͷǰֻһСϪСϪ棬һ಻ɽبǰ
ǰ棬ҰɽıԵ
ǣѾʼɽˣҪ˳СϪߣȻˣΨһİ취ֻ˹СϪ뵽ҰɽԵ档
ҧҧĲ˼磬СϪ˹СϪïܵԭʼɭ֡
ֻǸոսԭʼɭ֣Ȯ͸Ӽȣң׷Ȯ϶ֹһͷĲ˼սľǣһȺǹ
ǰûпǹΪɫô߲ãЩֶҪ׽ڣɫѾˣҪ׽Ĳ˼ϣѾãˣԣֻҪĲ˼΢¶һӰһӵ˺üζӵУҪ̫ܣ˻治֪ڻʲôӵĺ
ˣĲ˼˲ѣֻƴɽһɽƲʮֶ֮ͣҲ࣬ң̫֮Уһ
΢ԶһЩ׷ˣҲû취ǹ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˾޴鷳ʧȥ˷Ҳ˶Զ
Ÿոշɽ˿ֱӾҪ˳ɽ߱ӣƫƫʱĲ˼һգͻȻ׹һŲȿˣԣҲˤ
Ĳ˼һˤ̾ɽ¹ȥ
Ĳ˼ˤɽ»ȥҲ˲ֱ࣬һĲ˼棬ĸŻ
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Ҳ֪˶ãجج˹ǿ۾ŷ֣ԼſһӰߵǳ̲ϡ
ֻơҲ͵ӦǵʱĲ˼һɽʱɽµĺӦҲǺ˲ٵˮ
ֻһ뵽Щӣһϴ󡭡ϴ󡭡˼硭
ûӦܹǿվǰͷеΣҪҡҡλεģҪվȡ
ʹ˦˦ԴŬԼȫѹ˳źӱߣһ·ѰĲ˼硣
ֻԽߣľԽ³ԼϴѩԼı£ײʲôģԼ϶ûܵʲô˺Ĳ˼硭
źеļĺǺԼʲôƺˣȴΨûĲ˼ûʲôȥһĴ
Ϊ̫ᣬȥ˵һڣû뵽ڽһϵʧ󣬾Ȼ˴
һѣһߺغӶ£Ҳ֪˶ãҲǵ˶ԶǵˣվûҵĲ˼Ӱ
óһѿһЩɿݵľͷһССķӣȻϵӣһ·˳Ӷ¡
쵽ڵʱûĲ˼ټ
ֻʱֺӱЩ˼ңľȻĽľߣȻϰӶСӡ
˴ӣһֻǿһЩӦѾ˾߾ҲӦò̫ԶԣϵĹ̫ͨѡ
˸һ꼶ˣһһǸ˺飬üΪӲĺȴҽ˵ĪǴԻϵĬĶӣǼȥ͡
ǹĲ˼磬ҡҡͷؾĪĺ⣬ĪںûзˮһλλԼͬ飬ˮΪֹټȫޡ
Īҡҡͷ˵ҸҸһ춼ں沶㣬û˳ˮߡ
Īô˵Ҳ֪ϲǣӶһ𣬳ĬãžϣԼסںӱߣҪһֱź棬ʵҲĲ˼壬һ磬ԼغӶϣֱҵĲ˼Ϊֹ
£ȴҪĪСԼＯһЩȻˣһٵġ
һֽҪĪֻĪҡҡͷЩңﻹòˡ
΢һĬһӣжأң϶ͨõĶ
Ī𺳵ӽĪҪĶȻҲǽһ
ʱĪʹ˺üźֵķװ˹ЩĿţһ
ʲôСԵģǸ㣬ף˹ϹõģʮѺĴ䵶ǹ¾ɵAKúܺõM16Ƴȳȵӵ˵Ҳǧаסװߡ߰˰ˣ˺ôһѡ⣬ΪĽҩԼɭֲһЩҩ
ǹʲôľʣǰһ̣ģ¶һҲûͷοһʱ䣬˵һҲô̫ƽʱʱľ˸̻𲢣ԣЩһҲ֡
ֻЩǹһǻ⣬̾Щֱӻعͷȥ׷ԼЩˣͻͻɾ


319 ٿصǺ
ǸЩھڣǸǰҲ¶ģҪȻһӶˡ
Щ˽£ֺǺǵҪȥˣһƱĪ߾ߺܽЩԺõģ
һЩװһ˳µʽñµĶѷһҪû˵ʱһװǬá
ֻĪ˺ܶǮıĻȥһһͲ
ĪͲðһ˵ζ׷ҰζʳһЩʶĲߣ㣬һ֪ⷹ˺ǿɿڡ
ɿڵķˣһһʱ䶼ûгԹ˵ǾĴͣ˵ȴǿпޣǹĲ˼磬ﻹ˼Է
ĪҲ֪춫飬һЩ֦𣬾ںӱɽһȻǸͲϣԹԵİ
ĪҲǸܺõ֣ʲôģֽʮ磬һͰһ
ûҰ¶޳õ˯õë̺ڣطԭҲ̫䣬òë̺Ҳν
ҹҲû˯һںӱϣĿź棬ʲô˳ˮҪȥֻһҹľʲôģ˲٣Ĳ˼ӰӣȴɰҲûС
һ磬ȦոʰϣҪϣĪϵĬ
˵ŮˮںӱһϣĬҲǸжǹʲôҪæġ
˵ˣ˵Ī˵ǼͻСǶģͽϣ϶ûݣ£ԥóһƽ𣬽ĬȻ˵ôԼ͵ߵĵط
ĬȻ˼»ͷȥС˹Ļƽ𣬲ĬĪһҲû࿴
˴ȻϣٶȺܿ죬ľߵٶȲࡣ
ڴͷ˸Ͷضź档
ʱҲ׹һ죬Ī綼ںϴ棬ûĲ˼˳Ҳ˵ʵԼĻ֮£ûȥҲĲ˼ȻҲ˺пԼ类ˮ嵽ϡ
һ뵽ԼçײǱһʹ
ĬŴ˰·̣߲ȥˣˮ̫ˮֲ̫Ѿûдˡ
ϰĵطҲѾ̫ԶˣԣС洬Ĭָ
Ĭ˺һĪŷ֣ĵطһƽ𣬹ƣҪлǸġ
Ĭ̾һҪ϶ˣΨһģĬĬԼǸŮ
˰ļĺѵߣܿ죬͵Լϰĵطϸļһûʲôɵĵطżν
ֻû߶ãŷ֣ԽߣԽļöط涼ʯңüطǺܸߵٲ֮ɫ
һЩٲʯ֮мѵĴУһЩСҰޣҲȥܣֻһҪҵԼˤǸطȻ˳ԭ·ȥĲ˼硣
ֻһΣҲʼԽߣߵɽԽߣϿҲԽͿԼˤĵط
ЩطҪ˵һ˴滬һ鼸ٽصʯͷҪҵۼס
֮£ֻһ·ߣһ߲ͣؽкڴĲ˼ܹԼܹһЩӦ
ֻϧǣļĺˮܹڸǴ룬ʹĲ˼õҲӦҲ
һ·кһ·ϣһ·ϸĹ۲ɵĺۼнٶȾȻ
ȻһֱĲ˼ĻӦҲò٣һ˿ĺУѰҡ
ˣһʱܿ͹ȥˣ˰ֶɤҲˣʵ߲ˣžںӱߣ˿黹ƽʯͷһЩľ֦һܴȻͿű
켸ҹû˯ʵѼһ˯˹ȥֻǲ֪˶ãȴֱһ󺿽оѹ
ǺǲҴ̶óӦǵĺңܹ˵ǵĺУԣŻǰ
һǵĺУһϽóһ֧ǹԼһӵ
ϵʲôģǰĲ˼ѩ̹ԼֻǸʱҩţûܹԷϼǹɱͷǡ
ڣҩ㣬Ҳû˹ţȻǺԥϺӵǹ˨ţȻ󣬳ϡ硭Ŀ˼ǹ
ǹɽը죬ҹԵΪ̶
Ȼ⼸ǹ޷ҲǾȺԼ㣬ǲҪԼͬʱҲҪǹȺһĲ˼粻ҡ
ȻŷǹͷǵĽͣסˡ
ԼǹһҲû˯⣬ûǺҲѾҪϨˣɴཫǹźãȻóͽٵ֦ľŵϣٴȼ
ǺӣǰǻеǹͲںûǣոջһ£뵽һ⣬Լ˴죬ɤӶˣЧȴ⣬ԼɴǹǵĳһǹֻҪĲ˼绹ţܹǹ
ֻţͷǣֺ
ķңǹһɨͰһдա
ƫɣǹͷҲٺС
⵱óһӵ˺üУȻһֶԼǰ˯ţϺӵ׼Ҳãɭ棬ȻܹŪĶû׼ʱͻԼ˹
һӵû꣬ͷȴֺЩ졣
˵ˣ˺أͻҸεĵطĵˣҲûһһΣ±Ұ޲֪һĺУǲе
룬ǹմһ̵䣬ȻĬĬصȴ
ȻǹǵĽͣЪ
ǽͣЪƬ̣ٴδһ̵䣬ǹʧ֮ʣǱߵǽҲֻƬ̣ͣ
ڲٿͷǣ
ϲû׼ٿͷǵ˾Ĳ˼硣
ϲ֮£ٴζմ˸̵䣬֪ٿͷ˵ǵˣԼѾ֪ˣֻڵĻʵڲ֪ǽеľλãڵΡɫƣȲѾȣϣ˲²Ĳ˼磬ܹ취֪Լȷеλãĵ΢ȴһ¡
ǲٿǽеˣҲ˹Ƿһһ󺿽Уʾ⡣
ϲ̾Ϳʼ׼ǰȥѰҡ
ʵҪ׼ģҲǺܶࡪԴϴһͷͷϰװƣ⵱ȻֻΪܹԼλá
ǹٲ˵ģеУЩԤ⣬ҪϵԷ


320 ɽĹ·
Щʰöϴһ䣬ȻǺķǱ߿˹ȥ
ǺǸҲӵΣҪȥķ򣬻һ£Ҫ۵͹ˡ
һΣǲٿǵ˿ͷϵĵƹ⣬ɳߡ
һЩʧԾͲĲ˼磬һ˵Ľ
һ˵ĽʧҺЩջŪãЩ˾׷ԼЩһ
һ뵽׷ԼЩһЩģ޲ò߶ʮһֱӾ͸͹ȥһЩӵȺ˵
סŭĿǸˡ
òǸ˵ĵطŷ֣кŵˣȻ
طһһСƽأƽһʮꡢŴװӣ۰Ͱ͵ĿԼԱߵϣһͷѾǡ
̲סʵô
һҲĳһʵô㣿
ȻǹҲ֪ǹһAKǴĳһãʶ΢Щ
΢䣬֪ԭҪҰɽѰһҵǣһͬ飬ˤһһˮö߲·ˣһһֻ÷ԭļƻҪ˳˳£Ѱ˼ҡ
ոߵͷǵĹ򵼸һͷһͷǴˣҪͷǰˣúõĴģû뵽ոհǵʹһǹ
ΪҹɽԻ˼ǲش𣬹̫СŲǷźš
𻹽˵򵼣ҲԼһѣа˵ǸԼ£ལÿ첻˵ǸŻʣϵѡ
˵ţֺôᵽģ
ҧгݵģԼĲ˼˵Ե˵һ飬ĩˣΪʹκܺһ١
Ĭ˰Σ˵κܺᣬûʲôСĲǵǹƥŰģԸСĲܹ࡭
ҧ˵κܺҲͰˣҪлᣬǸгһҪƽ
ҡҡͷ˵ܿгģҲˣûòҪȥմǣҡٺ١
˵ţЦҡҡͷҲû취׾ٵȥԿЩ
ۣ˵˼ûʲôҲͰˣҪ£Ҳûʲôùǵˡ
ȰСֵܣ㻹侲һ£ҿСĲ˵ɣҲûж⡭
ýȥȰ棬ţӼûĲ˼ϢߣĲ˼ѾѵĻԼֱӻصǸгԼȥĲ˼
ãһ˵ǰǱߣһЩҩʳƷʲôģȥЩ
˵ҩϲҪԸȥãֻлˣʵǱߵĶ˵ģҪȥã֪һӣǰ·š
ִⲻԼŹȥ̾һڣҲٶ˵СһЩ
ͷӦˣȻͷϵĵжֻ͸˵Ǵ磬Ͼҹɫڰ֮вôü
ԭ·뿪˸εĵطһŰҪҩҩ˳
ʱˣĻصǵӪء
һǱһСҩ⻹ЩԵģϲ⣬ôôܵ漴֮䣬Ҳ׹ΪѰҸʧɢĲ˼磬ңĲ˼缫пѾˡ
лߵ̵ĵطٻعͷȻٲҪ׼ЩԱӦĲ˼ڻûϢԼˡ
£Զ֣ΪལŻ÷ҩķҩעעˣ˵Ĳȶ
һѻʳ
ϸѯһ˳Ҫ߶ã̵ܵĵط·ֺò֮ġ
һһ˳µĻС·ôߣΪٲʯһΣͿӣˮƯֻҪʱ䣬͵ԼǸСׯ
Ĭһ󣬵¶԰˵߳ҲֻҪһʱ䣬ΪҩʳƷҲḻ֮󣬰һĲ˼䣬˶
ǸмĳҪҵĲ˼䣬ʵãΪɽҪҪдҰ
˵Щȥĵؽˮһѡ
ʳãҧǿԼǿ˵Ȼôһʹ˯ȥ
ΣҲ˯ˣֻ۰Ͱ͵İ
ʱڣŻѾ˺ܶ࣬ϾֻӣҩƣֹܿסкֻŻʱϾ˺ü죬ȻһЩȴû취ȥμѰ
ལ͸˵ˣȶˣʹҩҲֻǿʹҪԭ϶úЩӡ
ǸмȻֱӲμѾȣҲԼˣֱǻΪֹ
ĬĬذԼùAKԼӵལΪ֮ãĵطаǹô˵Ҳù޴
ǹ֧ʳŸ𡢰һ𣬼ȥѰĲ˼硣
ΪˣѰķΧһЩһM16ԼһЩӵʱطһǹѰˣҪĲ˼ҲܹǹȻǰĲ˼绹ţңϿ֮еĳһ
һ·ߣ磬һЩ֣мʯͷϣмȽѪ
ȷЩѪģ
İţźӱѰң򾡿ܵϿɽмѪ̾ˡ
ѪĵطǸֵƽأ˵֣ΪһƽزȻγɵģȻطͬѾǳľҰݣ˵ĸоȴһѾķ˺ܳһʱġ·
˵һ·Ϊ˶óİɽϣҲһӡֻµ˺˺֮󣬾ͼźζȥ
һһ·һϲƺڻʲô
ԡ·ȴûʲôȤǽŵģЩʯϵѪĲ˼ģңʹĻһ£ԼʱĲ˼绬ºӹȵ龰Ҳ;Щ졣
ҲֻѣĺӹߣһһĲɭ֣Ҫֱǲܡ
˵ԼĲ˼һģûܵ
һʯϵѪһ£Χ鿴һ£ЩѪȻ˳š·ߵġ


321 Լ
ЩѪֿЩۼﻹ̵סֱ̧ǹڣžžķ˼ǹȻֲסĴУϴ󡭡˼硭ϴ󡭡˼硭Ȼٷżǹ
ˣֱһϻӵ⣬ɽȲסĻ
˳һ·ϵѪۼš·ϣһ·ϣͣش
ڣڵ磬һѾ΢ͣڽУ
Ĳ˼
ϴ󡭡˼硭˼硭һӣҲ̲סˣһĽţǹҲˣĵĳĲ˼Ǳ˹ȥ
Ĳ˼缫ΪЦЦˮȴһӿ˳
ԭĲ˼Ҳǵ˺ģĲ˼ѹҪö࣬ΪĲ˼ûһı»壬ɱ˺ܳصˡ
ֻǣĲ˼ѹ֮ûΪӦøԼβ࣬˵壬ҪĵطȥȻѰҡ
Ĳ˼绹ţʲôҲ˲ãһ§Ĳ˼磬СƵģ޳
⼸ʱ䣬ɲǺ
ãƽæóҩ䣬ҪĲ˼ˡ
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ëմЩˮСʪĲ˼˿ϵ·Ѫ裬ȻĽҿ
һ̣Ĳ˼˿ûк߱õ˼ֻÿһ΢һĲ˼ʹһüȴг
˺۴Ĳ˼ϵҲѾòˣֻ֮£ʹĲ˼˵壬ҲҶ
˿ڣһѺˮ򿪱óһñģĲ˼紩ϣȻٲȥס
ֻǣ䲻֮䣬Ĳ˼ǽܸܲһЩ飿
Ƭ̣һԲ׵ݸĲ˼磬Ȼҡͷ˵ϴ󡭡
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ԣֻǵ˵˼磬֪ǣЩ飬ҲǺпԵģһ˵۵ģֻ㣬½еˣ˼磬Ҳ㣬Ҹ㡣
ıӺ£Ĳ˼;̫˼ˣңĲ˼ҲǱˣǰһЩ֣Լô˵Ĳ˼ȻҲµһЩϵʲôܣĲ˼ֻģɡ
ԭһֱƭҡҡô㣬ʵʵҡĲ˼ͷ˵
˼磬ǲ˵º𣿡һЩ˼˵
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ҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵ոôˣûⱲӣȢˣȡȢ˭Ժ֣ǧҪôڣҶס
Ĳ˼̧ͷȻһЦãҷģԺҪڶ㶯ֶš͡͡
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áĲ˼ٴչһЦʵȻ㶼ѾӦңܲһ£
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ŬĿԼò׽Ĳ˼ϵ˸ͿҩͿҩðİˣù׼õĿӡЬһݸĲ˼硣
֮ҲͣĲ˼ߣֱܵӱߣԴڱϪˮֱһɡ𡱣ȫϨΪֹ
·Ĳ˼ǿһ΢ָһЩʵҲóɣ衢ɣϼЩ˼ȥǵ飿
ҡҡͷЦ˵ʵ飬Ƕˣɣ˵ˣҸɣϼˣ˼磬˵飬Ҳò˵ףɣǹؼʱ̣ɣϣҲȫϣԣɣ費¹˵Ӱ쵽ɣѧϰԣ֮顭
Ĳ˼ЩԾɣ᲻ԼŮɣϼҪ»ĸף
ҡҡͷʵԼɣһˣҲֻͬ飬ͬɣϼһ㣬ʵɣҲԣɣŲΪͬ飬Լɣ迴ʵ޳ܡ
Ļɣϼ˵ֻǵĸһֱֻʮĿźѡ
ɣ費ڸ
ܰɣϼһңֻվͬĻϣҪǵɼˣ衢㡢ܵܣһ˶ѡ
Ĳ˼˳ӵص˵ͷˣģɣϼûҪҵ֮ǰ֮䣬ֻ׵ѹϵ
һЦ˵ϴͶˣԺ֣ĵһҪȻҪȻҾͷ
Ĳ˼ԳԵһЦң
ٺ١ҵȻˣϴ󣬻м飬ұ˵ЦЦֿ˿Χûǵټһ˵
ʲôҶӦˣ˵ɣĲ˼һЦ⣬
΢һ£˵˺ܹ֣ҲЩֵܹı£ϣԺҪټֲǣãҪ˵Щһñ֪ĳЩ飬Ļ۵ܶˡ
Ĵţɣֲ˰Ĳ˼΢΢ЦЦ˵˭֪ӺֶúܶħҲ֪ѧһЩӣֱ£ţı°ɡ
Ĳ˼ȻúܣȻ˵ôأĲ˼粻׷׵ȥʣֻȡЦ˵ֻǴţ
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˶ϢһĲ˼缸ѾóԸҲõòˣָһЩ֮Ĳ˼ô죿ˣô˻һģ
Ĳ˼˵ˣȻ𡢰ˡ
һһʮİԼѹ֮˳ˮ£ȥѰĲ˼磬ȻϣϵҶ˵˵һ顣
Ĳ˼ˣɵüͷһˣͷҲֵģ˵ǵҶҪҵʲôأ
Ҫʲô֪Ҳ֪ѾҵĲ˼磬ʲôҪ飬ҲܣܹصͭǣȥԼ⣬ǲҪ
һ˵⣬Ĳ˼ЩģЩ䣬Ū˰ɣ
ЦЦЩôŪصúúõģпȥȡˡ
֪ڳĲ˼Ҳ׷ֻǵЦЦֻҪûͺãǿİ


322 ֱ߲ʺ
ʱ˵϶ЦĻҪҵĶһЩüĿ
Ȼ򵥵ĸĲ˼˸кֱӾ͸˵СֵܣǴô죿
ԥ˵ȥ˼˺أҪܺõҽΣ
һĬƬ̣˵м£֪ܸܲСֵһ£
΢˶٣شּ˵иѵĸս˵꣬һƬϵϵֳߣڳ֮ʱһڵѹζı룬ص˷ǵͼǱ֯һΧᣬ鵽󣬵ص˲ûܶЩֳҲأʧȥ˼Ѻ˵ѵĸսΪһδˣѵĸҰɽ֮зֳ߲ŵı
˵·ľͷû룬˵
˵ͷ·ȷһر
΢һ£ȥұֳûߵıأӵĹ֮𣬺οﲻǾڣѰҵأӦòʲôݵ顣
תͷȥĲ˼磬Ĳ˼羹ȻҲһһΣĲ˼ѾȫѾְ鵱ѹ
˼ǡǳʵ
ЦЦ׻Ҳ˵СĲˣǱҲԱڣѾҵֻ˳ϣַ棬Щ㣬οھߣҲ󷽱㣬磬Ϣһʱ䣬ǾһʱȥҪҪһ¡
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ҵˣֻƤˣ֪ġĲ˼˵
Ĳ˼綼ѾӦ΢΢һ£𣺡ҸҪô
ܼ򵥣ҪҩԷһУʳƷҩҪĶҵأ֮һû룬ֱ˵
ལһAKֱ߻һM16жӵҲԼǹȻѡ
ҪǣﻹзḻʲЩά̵ɭȹ൱һʱ䡣
룬ʳͶʣҵأҲͷ֣һϣҲ⣬̹ϣκ֮ܺ
룬ٴѯһĲ˼ƣõĲ˼϶ĻشŴӦҲ飬Ȼ뱦ؽ˲·̣ԼĲ˼ԭش񣬵ȴȥལǽӹ
Ǳߣ΢鷳һģҲֻལŻֻ˶ӣϾѾת˺ܶģԣȥӦӦûʲô鷳
Ҳǵ˵ͷĲ˼ϢһЩʱ䣬Ҳ÷ж
£˻عͷȥȥལˣĲ˼˾͵Ӫ
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Ĳ˼ȻЩ֣ôһת֮ܳôһѵĶǰ˵ˣԼЩĲ˼ҲоԱտڲʣֲ֡
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Ҳһü춼ûܺúõĳһٷڸ֮£ͳԵóˣŷꡣ
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ŻʲԸԼȥ̽ȡĴ̼ȻЩʧڻĲ˼ңһᶨ֧ߣʧ֮УǿҵһЩο
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һ磬ԸҽҪĶԭطˣĹʳʲôģһЩ䣬Ĳ˼綼ֵһֻССıװŵģһЩҩ
˼Ҫ˵Ĳ˼غӪȻȴϢֻĲ˼粻ϣ˵⼸죬һ˹¶ˣһҪһ˵Լϵˣ⼸ĵǾĽҩƣѾûʲô󰭣һˣ϶Ҫһġ
ףһʹ֮Ĳ˼ĺº͵ģҲֻôĲ˼磬һ
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ֻǵȼʰñҪȴһ˵ľ󡪡ھҲһɽ걳ðһʺ硣
磬ֲʺ磬ԭʲô˵ľ󣬵ʺ磬ͨĲʺкܴĲͬ
ͨĲʺ磬һ㶼һһ㣬ͷŵأм买𣬶һʺ磬ȴһبɽֱ֮ߣ
һֱߵĲʺ磬ϡ𾪡
ôҲǵһμĲʺ磬֮£Ҫȥ
Ĳ˼ȻҲҪȥѰҡ·ĺۼҲ˲ˣֱӴߴˣϽ·
ĸ˽ϣұߵǴɽ֮ȴֽסʧǵʺ粻ˣ


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Ҫƫ˽ǶȣߣλƫҲͿĲʺˡ
Ĳ˼ֻӦþһ¥Ҫֻ֪ʲôطȥˣĲ˼Ҫ¼Ƭ
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Ϊɽ鱩ųֺû׼ԭһƬأ
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⣬Ҫ˵Ĳ˼شˣǾþҰɽԵİҲö֪òԡȻ񹤡͡
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ЩʱѾȥ˴ˣҪȥѰʧġ·Ȼˣ٣ˡ
Ҳãطɽˮкɫˣ΢΢ٲĺ죬ҲǼĵڡ
˵Ĳ˼˿ҲûȫϺãϢһ£Ҳһ¡
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𿴵ȣҪԶҲϸĿ
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Ĳ˼˾̾ѣΪһ֣һͷټܳҰζ
ֻǼ̾ûڣȴһ̶ľУţһըǹ
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ɫһ䣬ת˵ԼóԼM16һƵţȻһǹķ׼һߴУ硭硭
Ĳ˼ҲһAKȽŵĶɽϵ֣ʳָʹ˰档
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ľм䣬ֻԼһӰȻ󣬰ǸӰһ𶼲ˡ
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ΪҪչʱԵЩ׾Ĳ˼Ҳ˺棬һ
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Ҫֹ𣬱˷ӵǡãҲǹӵšꡱһײյ죬ٴμž
Ĳ˼ϵֻ֮صѪ飬ûĻﶫҲûĿ꣬ԣĲ˼ֻǾǹͣ
ʱŴӵĿǹҲǲͣ
һʱ֮䣬Եúǿֲļž
һؿڵ֮£ɲ̫ĶΨһСģŪһ죬ͻ̼ѾŵÿҪ񾭵ա
СĿѹӵM16УĵݵǰʹǵݵУҲ̫ĶΨ־
ⲻ֪ݹĵУ¶һ˿ɬ΢Ц΢΢˵ͷӹУ漴ϡ
ƫƫһ̣˵ͷϷžꡭһ֦ѵ졣
컹ûȫϾ֮ʣŤӣŷĵطǹ㡰硭ӵ
Ĳ˼ҲǺԥĶ췢ĵط۶˰
ǹһ豭ϸ֦ӿֱֱǰ治Զĵطһۿȥ˲ŷ֣ƣ֦ǰӵУûֱӴϣȴΪܲסʱŶأǵĲ˼˷ѵ˺Щӵ
˺һҲûĶŻعѹ˵СֵܣڻţȥҰѰӹ


324 ˵
ǰʮ׵ĵطһô£һ˫ǿֲĶӵϿգܵ˺ܴľţ˸ǰԵúЩľȻ
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֣һ£ðվȻԼߡ
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ӪأǱɨһ㡪˺һĲе߱ӵñضǣǱըըһһضǻûȫϨð̵Ĳͷɨһ飬ûʲô
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Ĳ˼˶װ˵⻰ʲô˼ΪʲôẦ³ӣԣһĿת
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ôˣĲ˼Ҳ˵ȡ˼Уʮöף⽫һöװһߡ
һĲ˼ôһ䣬ǴδʱĲ˼ΪԼصһӵӿͷ
һΣĲ˼ԼģֻһӵһöԼһԷǵĸ߱ף
Ĳ˼õģAKƽеAKӵ͵Уÿ˶ĸУԼٷӵ
M16ӵҪһӵȫ
ȫװһѴĲ˼ڻѱأȴΧȥء
ȻʱȥõأֻΪ˶Ըǻ֮ҰޣҪģΪ˶Ը䡣
ҹĻƬ֮˲Żصѱϣӣ˲µ岻٣ŵףѾʣ޼ˡ
ֻǳǣһʱ䲢ûĸˣĸ˶ȹһȶ硣
ԹǷڵİЩ壬ûзʲô쳣Ķ
΢˼䣬Ϊȷ˵İȫһֵأҶܹúõϢһ
һֵصģĲ˼ˣֵصʱ䶨ϰҹʮǰµʱͻ
˵Ҳ֣ϰҹ˺ٲҹ죬Ƚ֮⣬Ҳ¹ҫ£Եüأģȴѹ֡
龰ϴθĲ˼һǸСΧǽǵΣȻ෴һͬΣ֮ΣգȴǿüţһΣȴû֪ʲôʱʲôطΣվͻ᲻ڶ


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ֵ֮Ĳ˼Ҳ˯ţ⼸Ĵ꣬ü˶£˳ԷϢ
οвΣգĲ˼˶ڽŵĿ֮СΪţԲû˯⡣
ֵز֮Ĳ˼ʵıӲǺôܲŵʲôرζ
ʱĲ˼Լ⣬ǲ÷ܹȥĬƬ̣һζİ˵ʲôζ
ţĲ˼һذǹһߵ˵ע⣬ҲŵһֵζҲµûǡˡ
Ůֺ֣ƫƫֺ׼ȷֱĲ˼ԭְҵҲ˺ֱܶĻᣬԣĲ˼˵ŵһɹζʵֻǲԼ˵ĴУϾֱֶҪ˵ҲһֺܡĶ
Ĳ˼粻Ϊ֡ʧȥжҪĶ
һ̾ҪŤͷȥ鿴Ĳ˼Ͻ˵𶯣ҸоͶǵģһ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵һ˶촽ü͵ʵô죿ҪҪ֪ͨǣ
ҪáٵýһЩȻ䲻⣡Ĳ˼һһİߵǹõȻǹ˨Ƶš
ζԴҺ󷽵벻ȷλҲȷٶȺĲ˼ǹǱ۾˵
ƫƫʱҲȻһ䣬ðһ亹ҲһëңЩںףɵϵֵġ
ΣճˣͷһԺӹ
ҲĲ˼ֱֻ֡ǣ֪ΪʲôΣյг̶ȣҪĲ˼ܶࡣ
΢ȶһԼ̧ȥˣŷ֣һ̣źʱһѹӵǹڻѱϣһ˫۾ĶӪغӣ˶Լ̾ҪΣգǻȻ
ô죿Ｑٵתһ£ҪôŲھǸΣգ˳˳֪ͨ
ƫɲ֮䣬Ķһ΢Ŀ֦ӦþǸΣʱѹϣ˵ѾĿ֦
ƾһʱˣΣȴͬĲ˼жϵԼҺ󷽣ҷңûȽԶ˵Ҳʮ֮⡣
ʮ׵ʮ֮䣬µҲ˵ʵΣջܡԶ
£ԥһ֣ڵץһС飬Ȼ
㶳𣬱׹Уһ
Ͻʳָϣءꡱһ£ʾȻָָԼұߣס졣
Ǻεˣ˲˼΢Ѵ򿪱յM16ϣֱӽǹָָŵǸ֪ͨ˰
ĸİǹηֱָұǸ򣬵Ŀֻ֣ҪǶһ֣̾ͻ⵽Ĵ
ȻƬ̣˵Ķﶼֺ΢֦ľĶ죬һ޴ߣٻͣ򼸸˿һ·ȻͻѹЩѾĿ֦ϸ΢
Ĳ˼ǹһָֻڰǹϵǿֵĿϣֻһˣ̾ʹֵ磬նĿ
Ĳ˼ʱ޵Ŀγ̣ԣĲ˼ķǳ졣
ֺ΢ס߿Լǵµش֮ʱͻȻͣǶҲֵ֣Щǲܹȥõġ
ֻһϣ˵񾭱ϼʸĹҡ
ȻֻͬһΣգĿԺδ֪֮ĸĿԣΣգҲиȷĿģսڰľѻһԶ֪ʲôʱǿҪӵ
Ĳ˼硢˰񾭶ϵһ˲䣬ͻȻ
֮Уתǹڣұߵĺһٿɨ֮䣬ǹӵˡ
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ġӡŵɨ֮УͬţһĺУѺ滮һĺۼֱӳż˹
Σգԭֻұߵӣңҷĺ֮У
һɲǣĲ˼ֵ綼Ǵ򿪣ֱӾͿ۶˰ӵƵĺ⣬һѪɫߣϵķˮ֮еǸӡ
𡢰ˣ֮УҲǲϵĲ˼硢𡢰˵ǹҴĶǶ̵䣬һ§𣬰ӵ˳ȥһʱ֮䣬֮䶼ص಻ۡ硭ǹ
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Щ̵ʲôôǿĻȻ
֮䣬˸ףѧĲ˼̹Լİ취𻷹СָͷϣȥȻ󿴶ûһֱۣӾͳѾҪӽߵǸӡ˳ȥ
׼ͷһЩûֱӰӵǸӡǰ棬䵽ǸӡԱ׾ˮ
䡱һ죬ˮ϶ʱһʮü׸ߵˮ
һ̣Ҳ˵ӵϾҲֱժһŹǰףȥգȼţ˼ӣŶǸӡ˹ȥ
ףӵñҪ׼࣬ңõַҲǼΪձըҲȼţױըʱ䣬Ȼ֮ǰͱը
ױƬγɴɱˣ׵˲١
ʱǹ׵ģǸӲû𵽶ãƫƫʱұߵɽȻҲ춯صıը
һʱ֮䣬ұߵɽҲ֦ϣʯɣ棬ͬڽһҶȵս
ֱʱˮǸӡƺе£΢ԥһ£ӡȻ£Ѻˮҳһü׵ġѺۡˮɵǲԶĵط
ˮɢֻһͷһĲƣĲ˼硢˲סĵ֮Уգ֮䣬ʧݾ
ұߵɽ棬Ҳֻһը֮󣬱Ҳû˶֮У˲ֱü
֪˶ãͷ촽ŬһڿˮȻɳɤ˵СֵܣĲС㣬أҸȥǱߡ
ǱߣҲҪȥһ¸ոձը塣


326 
۸ոǱʲôʲôףǶҲǰըҲ˵һȦѾƿһӣȥһ£ǺǸҪġ
ңʱ˵ӦѾܰȫˣոոˮͷǸһĹֶ⶯СžǸĲޣͱˣ˵Ҳֻжʮ׵ľ룬Ĳ˼˵Ƥӵ£ԣ𡢰Ƿġ
ֻǵʱ򣬼Ҳҹϧֵʲô֮ˣÿһ˶ǿֵ磬ˢˢɽﱬը֮󣬻ŵһѻ⡣
ҲҺǸո¹һĴ꣬ҪȻƾŸոһըһƬɽ
¶Ҳ˲ϣ˹Ĳ˼˵ע£ܿ͵ǵҪϨĻԱߣֻ΢һ飬˾ͼΪ²壬ףȻһλð̵Ķ
Ĳ˼һ̲סЩġ
һѾըըãյýɢһɶȴһɭͨһࡣ
߱Ƚ裬ʱ䶼ֻǴڶ˯ԣƽʱҪţҲͦ׵ġ
ԭʼĲ˼оģֻһߣû뵽ؿȴüڲ֪֮УԺвԹȥ
ôһĸﻹа˯⣬£ͷһЩڰС֦ӵȼյøȴ
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ЦҡҡͷЩɣģʱҰսֲμӹսȻһЩΪҲü򵥵Ļ塣
ڴֵÿļͷȻһһդһġҪȥְæȴЦЦá
Щеˣ˵кҪ񣬷ڣ
Ƕһǹߣֻʱģ϶ᷴ˻Ҫӡ
ֻԼǹٴε𾯽ְ
Ϊ˲壬ӷһЩƶһξ룬ڸʱԤ
Ĳ˼ȻЩİΣ¸Ҫȴǰ֡
˶ľս£ȴɵĹһֱȵɫǶȴҲûֹ
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¿ռһеʳһһģĲ˼ϢһһʼֵҹڶûϢģЩ⡣
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ϴ㿴ʲôԾ֮£Ĳ˼Ҳܿ˸ղŵ쳣
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ʱЩŵĴŶ˼磬ǲ˵ˣڡǰ¶ôԡԡϴҡҡ
Ĳ˼Ҳֻ˵˵ԭҲ˵˵ģŲѣĲ˼ʱЦЦôţ㰮ôУôкˣֲǿ㡣
ʱһڣŮӣǱȷ鶼죡
Ĳ˼˵仰ͻȻֶסʧ˳
ڶĲ˼Ծĵ壬ŵĽе
ϽĿջȥϵ壬ϧϸ֮£Ļװ׵ģʲôģĲ˼翴ۡ
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Ҫ˵ʲôǡʱѾ˷кĲ˼˹ȥԷ
̾һպ壬˻ѱ£ӹָԼķ
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׷ȵζһӸոҪˣȴͻȻԲһ˫ֵۣĿź棬ϵķ롢ӣڵ϶֪
һ̣ҲоһëȻɭɭ⣬ͷ϶ðһëë׺
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ͻȻ֣ľľ𼸺ˤķ룬һ֣ڱǹһǹ˨ֱӾ׼Ǹġ
Ĳ˼硢˻عҲǵһʱץǹƵš
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⵱Ȼʲô£ö룬Ҳ֪ϼġǶڵҪŷתĺˮǼȥ
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ߵһһһߵĽײڰϣվȣһͱ˵Һּۿ죬һһֻ֣ǰѰǿдӿ˳˻


327 
ǿ˾޷ĵطһɫɷ׵Ļعͷ֮ˮѾ˻ȥǰǸӪ棬ɨȻһƬʲôҲûµƽء
һģȺХ
ֻǻ䣬˿ӿֲһĻ
һߵĺˮȻһɲ֮䣬ȥ˺üʮԶںһߣȴ߸ߵ
ۿȥܿóˮһ߾ۼٳ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ңһ˲֮䣬ˮһߴ߰׵ˮǽٴ
Хһ˲䣬˵ֻӹһ漴ٴβҪɽȥ
գ֮䣬Хһ˳ͳ嵽˵Ľ£֮ݻۣʯ˳ײɽ壬Ȼɽ嶼ס
˳һ˲֮䵽ߵ㣬漴ȥȻ˽Ӳһ¶һƬҰ׵ʯ
û˸һعͷȥ࿴һۺܹĶһ˳ֻ»еڶΡΡĴΡNΣֱпܽ˾Ϊֹ
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ֻգ֮䣬Ѿ˵ĺˮȻٴӿңһγˮķͷʹ˵ĺ󱳡
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ƫƫڼ֮ʣںתǵӰȻԾˮʸһ뼸˷ײ˹
һ˲䣬ΪԼѾǿһⶫġݡо⡰һġ
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һĶˮֳֺҾ޴þˣԣʶΪһһˡ
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˿ģȴҲǲͬһΪֵľ㣬һȴһ
ǡҲãǡߡҲã㡱ҲաҲգۿĸ˷ײĸ˾Ǵһɢӿ
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ںڵĶһͷŤӣһȴסԴʮ׳ġβ͡¡¡һҵңƬ̣ѷԲʮ֮ڵһУһƬƬ
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ӣѾǱ
ʵֹֻĲ˼ǱԼҲòȥһ˲ңѩ͸Լı»壬ûܵʲô˺Ȼ°͡Ҳ̶áˣӱ˺˼飬ȡС϶һ֦ʯ黮Ѫۡ
ãֻһЩƤˣҲû˵ǡ
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ոհĲ˼ƣȴǱߴ硭СֵܡĲС㡭
Ĳ˼˶ӦһȴΨûһ˵ĻӦҲ֪ôˡ
ȴǽеøӽСֵܡĲС㣬ðɣûп硭
Ĳ˼磬Ǳȥ
ոһӴܣȻֻһգ֮䣬û뵽˾Ȼ߰ʮԶ
Ĳ˼һ߶źһߵǰʱŷ֣ǶɳһʯͷţСȹǶˣѵĿܣ¶Сȣ״һȦ
ҲǴʯ֦ģʱΪ˲СˣҲ߲ˣǱֱл
Ĳ˼ˣɬЦЦ˵Сֵܣܲ鷳㡭Ұ硭
ûԥЩҩĲ˼ȥ˿ڡҩԼһ˴¿һ·ȻȥѰҰ
ǵõʱܣһ򣬵һ·ϣҪѰҰȻҪһ
ֻûҳȥԶĲ˼ֽ˶ҪСġ
֪ǶҲҵ飬ֲԸȥѰҰ£ȡһȴֱӵİ취ڿʼֱһ·ͷߣһ·һ·ѰҰߵòҪĵط֮һ·һ
ΪѰңܹüĵشܿ˵ٵƶҲڶܺǡĹ
ææ֮䣬һ·Ѱң֪䣬Ȼ˱ײǸط
ط̲ס࿴һۣһ֮£ԾðλزײĵطȻһֱ׵ģһ׶Ĵӣ
ֱһذը¡
Ƕ۵ĴӵײһֵĶƷ豭ϸ¶һζаġӡϿڴЩëӦǡϵĶײӵʱ˴档
ϸһ£ɿκΡϢ


328 
Ҳû룬ֱ־ȥסǸƷ豭ϸġӡʹһᣬ⡰ӡܳǲӲʯͷ档
ʹ̵һϰΣȴ˿ûʲôɶѣǰĻζ˼£ϰΣǲ
ЩˣڣûҵĲ˼˵ĽӼƣò˶ãͻٴη
һ֮£һƨȥڿӱϣһ˫ŵǸӡ϶ˣʹ̵һ˺üΡ
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ȻǸ߶೤һȴʲôʵصĹӣӵǰ˱ģһѻû͵ıЩǣʹһľҲ϶оһЩӣֻһһ㣬˿Ҳо
֪䣬ַĴһ¿أȻӻһصĵطȻֻһӣǴȴЩˡ
ŵһľʹʹ̵ɳϣҲδܽľɳѶһѻŸո׼ıһĹӣصȥߣһһСʯ顣
ֻôһӣ
˵Ľסһ׼ҪӻʲôصĵطʱĲ˼ٴδǼ١
Ķ찡ǶǶҪˡ
һ飬ٵȥֱӽӷŽǬУȻɿӣһۺ档
ǣˮѧǰһʼΧСתˣӣǼһҪúˮתȻתˮȻ󵯳ˮ棬Ŀɹ
ӣϡſʼûһҪٴνˮҪһҲ˵ڣʱ䡣
£ǰļƻѡһһѰҰһ߼ٵĲ˼Ǳ߿
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Ͻ˼ûаϢӣǱˣҲпǱҵ˹ȥ
ϽĲ˼硢˵һһ˵һ߰ᶯѹڰϵʯ顢֦
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Ȼ󣬽˫米һ뱳ϵģŰǸط
Ĳ˼˵˵˹գۼ͵ߣֻţһ룬ƴ
ȻҲֻܼķΧ֮ڣΧҲֻܸɵۣ
Ĳ˼̧ŰոԽǰŵǸط֮ʱٴײɽ壬Ȼͬײɽһ󶶶ͬľʯҷɣһǡײλãûܸ߹ǰǸӡ
ңһμ˶˱Ƚϳֵ׼˸һЩĵطͬ⵽һЩʯ֦Ĵһαĳ̶ȣѾ൱΢ˡ
ڡٴλص֮Ĳ˼ҲŰˡ
°Ҳһ°ְĺȽƽȣûܵ˼ص˵ĻƾͲǰֻܵ˲СľûüӳΧЩ֦ʯһңŵιȥ˶ѡ
΢ﰢ˼£㡰һһٹƬ̣߱ʱ򣬰ɻǿ־塣
ٲðο˰䣬ָűûǲĺðԼһ£û֡ټƽ
ƽġҲٲˣƣҲˣˮͼ˲Уֱײͬͽ޹ֻİ취ˡ
Ҫİ취ȻҲûš
ɽһξ룬ơҲֻиɵ۵ķݶͣ
ֻͣ˭Ҳû̾Ҫ뿪Σ֮ص˼
ﶼڣǸġǰѴҶڵÿˣôҲҪ취һ£ʹŪҲҪһЩͷҪȻ˭Ҳģ
ǣǡҿɶۼˣͨǹκβʣһͷء
˺һû˵ʲôȻⶫ˴˵֮еġ䡱մϱ߶䡱ŮߣһǡһŮ߶㲻ϣ
˰Σ˵㲻ŮߵĻҵ֪и˵Ӧøܽӽ벻ǣҲҶ϶
֪Ҫ˵ģһϸ
ڻ֮У˵ˮ񹲹ͻףʳ֣ܶףڴ˹ˮ񹲹߷ߣĲɽײȥ֪ǲɽǳӣɽˣ֧֮Ĵˣ쵹˰ߣһҲݳһơ
˵һĲ˼ԭǶ񻰹£Ĳ˼ЩΪȻǴˣִ˵ҲԼ񻰹£˵ĺ˵񻰹£Ҳôϣϸոձһ˵ʫʫҥҥĶҲ󶮡
ȴͻȻǱĸһɵ䣬۾š
ʵ˵£;ú޻ɣΪǵãԼһƪӡġԭǣߣΪۣŭ֮ɽۣάǳɣزϣˮʳɡ
ڲҪҪǣмᵽĹϸڣ˵ʮ׶ɱԣп̰רɱ¾Ϊ֡
ⶫͬסˮб׺֮⣬Ѿܽӽˮ񡱣
һˮһ֮ȻܹĵҪһˣ͡ʲô
ȻԼһΣûϸĽ⡰ıĿװףǣֻʲôȡӽӽò
Ĳ˼粻ΪȻķһҪӲקİ߳һǣǿᡭ
Ĳ˼˵꣬ٺٵЦ˵ôӽòĹҲݡ


329 
ΪϹѣüͷ̾һ˵ⶫȷǽӽˡ񡯵ĸȻҲкܶطѲȻɡ
Ĳ˼ˡมһϸ룬ȷҲˣХһľˣԿǾ޴סζʹˮǿˮתȻƾˮ͡
ЩȷûȻɣڲηǹף͸ˣֻĸ־۸Ƥ
οʮףֱһףĶʲôţҪǷŵⶫͶ㲻Ͼ˶
ĵ£֪䣬Ĳ˼ˣǰãǶôʲôˣôҲֻǰѼŪǱѣⲻ߼ˣҪʰһڶʲô¡
ûһͨĶôҪŪӦõģʲôռͳελ࣬õǻۣܹܿ䣬ƨ
ظ־߰˵
ǿ⵭ȴʵӦ˵ǡ󵼡֮£Ȼһ顣
Լڴ񵽵ǸӣʵػǶֻܹͨӵеĶ
ⲻܲ˵Ŀڲţʵڿһ˼˵־塣
Ĳ˼ˣȻ֪ڸոûѾҵˡġѾõԣô˵Ҳáˡ
ŽϵʹЦ˵Ҷ־߰ܺãоϻսϣҪӵˣսϣȴҪӵˡԣһǧҪС
սʢ˵˵ͷԸɣҪô
룺ǼһƤ񣬶ͨǹ׺η壬ֻܸġ
δ䣬Ϸһ󡰺죬ţͷһꡱ˸һ㡣
ֻǱʪ·ڼϷԶ֮һȻըһˮˮɢ֮ϱײһ軹󣬽һǳĴӣԱһŷϸСȻײ۶ϣ
˲ֻֻҪȥѰĪĴӺζһ죬һߣӺεض
߻һΣٴײ߲Զĵطˮ˼һ
УˮϮעΡ
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Ĳ˼㵽һŴ棬ҲУҿ⡮ȻҲԶ
֮УΧӶˮһʱ֮䣬һƬط۱أˮ
һ󣬺е˷ܵĽе׼ͷ̫ˣעһҪˮֱӻǾûʲô¶һһѾǭ¿ĵزˡ
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ȻǸ߱ףö׵ϾޣϾǡƤ£ҲֻܶѼһЩףһըըǡҲܸһͷ
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һ޴ըãĨһϵˮЦҿⶫһ̹ˣҲըϡˡ
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һ޴󡢶ͷʹˣ
ЦЦеɬ˵ˣŵûУһеǳ⡮ҹͷˣҪǲһӶǹϵġ
˵ţתͷֶ԰ЦЦ磬ȥ֮󣬼ǵø˵һԸļ޾͸ļ˰ɣӶѾˣʳҲ
ǡӢ׳ҡ֮ǰԣǽѪ
ˣ̹ϣη壬Ӻľˡ
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Լըһ£ŭСֵܣʲôΪᣬͿң뵱꣬˵סըﱤҸɹٴΣҪ˵飬ܻڣҶѾ׬ˣأ׬ЩʲôܶʲôĲ˵ĲС㣬ܡ
塭Щʡ
һЦСֵܣҲҿ㣬㣬ǰͻ֣ɵľǸӵĻأողűҵɣҲĵͺۼԿ䡭ߺߡ
塭۾ЩˣǡȻɶü˳˲СĿ취ҲûʲôԣҪΪۣȥƴЩֵˣˡ
һȴ⣬ʱ˺ߣСֵܣѶϡηηβģǲ˵ڣҾȥһӮˣʹʹȥҸطȾƣˣ͸һϽжԶ뿪Զմ
˵ţðſըˮһըվҪȥ
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㡭عͷɫЩɭĿĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼綢˵壬ǰǵģңȴģ֪˵ԾǽһеĽǶ˵ȴǱڷ֮н
תʲô˼
Ĳ˼˶٣˵˵ǰ·жգǶ޷ˣѡȥǶͬһĿֶ꣬θȥɣǾ֮ı𡣡
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Ĳ˼絭ҡҡͷ˵ʵһʱҿˮӵ޿ƥе˰ϣȻͬ£ȴȫԤ⣬ȫԲȡһЩ취áٴðգϵ취ʰ
ŭٴϰôõʵ


330 
Ĳ˼翴һۺеڲͶˮԼ˿ըġЩ˵ҲͲʮԶȫܹһ̿Ը
૵߶̿Ը
ʧе󡭡
Ĳ˼˵ͷƬƬľеʸĲϣȻûӸͷеǿߡʲôȱΨһľǿôˡ
Ͽһ¡ˮ㣬֡ˮ̣ʵԶըһԶˮ㣬Ҳֻڼ󲻵ʮ׵ĵطһŹ̳ˮֱ˵׾ٵ¡
֮£˵ɾ͸ɣðšըˮѡһʵλӣλãˮҲֻǿżһţҲѾƾߣԼ˸ûʲô˺
ĲϣĲ˼˵ѰܹʸС
һ飬ܹ롰вƱҲᾡܵԶΣյĵطƫƫĲ˼硢ĸ˲ޡԼˡкѿΧ֮󣬲ܣҪ⡰һ
˭۸ù˭
ܿ죬ƺ˼˵ͼǸ͵ļǿ˻ϧǣ˽ˣ̫ˮ׼ͷ󽵵ˣԶˣȴ̲һʱ֮䣬Ȼˮܼϧǣ˷
ŭɽߣȴֶԼ޿κΣһʱ֮˷ˮҲһڼǰ治Զĵط
ȴ֮෴Լ˺ް취ɣȻʱûܹá룬Ѿﵽ˼ŭĿģֻҪﵽĿģ飬װöˡ
ںһֿʼǼУХһ˳ȻƶУײˮַʹã˲٣õģ˵Ц
ҿ⡮Ҳ⼸ˣһҲûУЦһʸһЦ
ҪŪһ»ܶסĲ˼һſ֦һЦʡ
ӣҲûʲô»ˣߺߡǾҪ˭ùһðæȥ̶һЦ˵
ⶫӵ׶£᲻ẦƤ⹭ȥļʸ᲻ֻЦţЩġ
Щʸȷпܲӵ׵ҲһôֻҪ׼ֻײҲܰǼһײ
Ūôײˣڶ
֮ʱˣ׼ϣһž޴󹭣ֻǹۣȷӵ˶٣ԣͿóⶫһСڲ࣬һͷü쳣ļʸһѣüʮ
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װüʸ˿ȴ
һ֧ʸеţΪһ͸գս𣬱
ʱڼ֮ʣŭޱȣȻֱֱĴӺﴣֺֽ״ʾ
˴˻ᣬϸ׼Ȼ⶯أֻԡһ죬ҵ޴ļʸ˳ȥʸ˺ѿĦȻءһ졣
ƣĲ˼˶Ŀࡣ
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սȻݣ˶̲סһ󻶺
ǴУ̵ģҸ棬㲻֪үֻۡ
ʱعż߷һ쳹صĺУһûᣬֻŸˣڻţȴװʸȵװʱǡȴˮü˰װ׵˻һλᡣ
ڨڨװüʸȴֲĲ˼˶ǰɥ
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˵ʳҶоϣ߶˵һȴá˸ͻȻϮôûϣǰһӣҶһŭҲãڴʤ̣һᣬ˶öﹾ๾ֱл
óģҲֻһƬǲ٣üնѻȿ죬Ҳôóԡ
£ռһЩ֦Ҷһѻ֦Ƭŵɽȥһһ˵ζ
ζڰġᵽˣں﷢һ˻ߵŭ
һ⣬ܹĵطһ߳ſ⣬һߺЦҲǶˣٺ٣ԭǺˮˮģƫƫҪǣٺ٣б³ðݶ
Ĳ˼簤ˣһ߳ſ⣬ȴһ˵ԣǡǵˣҲӦĳЦع֣ܹѧܶණ
һ鿾⣬ЦҪѧѧʲôѧŪХһĳˮԼײɽǺȿˮȻ³ٺ٣Щҿѧᡭ
Ĳ˼һۣ˵˵ģ̬ȣҪѧģԵúḡ
һЦЦ˵ĲС㣬ͲˣʵСֵӦýгһ˾Ӧóʮ˾СӣЩͷʲôֱ𰡣Ǻǡ
Ҳһ˵ʵС͵ʱ򣬱ҪḡҪ£˵ԣ
˶Ϊ˵ûĲ˼ģȴ˵塢壬һëͷСӣʲôģǿɲܹ
ٺٵЦţҪ˵һˮͷ£Ȼ㣬ֻ˶һˮͷȴѾ˵·ָܵš
ʱָźġƿڴ


331 
֮£Ҳˣֱߵžϣ۾׼һȴûżûǸȥž׼ͷ
Ͼǹǹй̶׼ǣֻҪһߣȻǹͳɣģȫǾ顢һҲûⷽļʶ
вʣȴҲ޲ߣЦЦǿվһȳһյģߵԱߣ̤ʵŹļ
Ƭ̣ǿ׹ŹҪ㣬ȻȥǺġ
ʱԵúǽ꣬ӣҪϵߣֱӹǰɣԵģˮڹ˰ɣЧһʱ֮䣬Ȼǽ겻ѡ
֮£ȻǲҺҷżʸҲһ׵飬˵ҲûҪ˷ѡ
ֻվھԱߣۿźġһת̾һȻʵûʲô취ܹʸ֮ŪЩСЩʸܹһЩͬʱܹʡ
Ĳ˼硢˾һһЩ˵ѼʸǰˣڻѬӲȣڼʸǰ˰סȵȣЩܹʸҼ
Ҫ˵߼ʸʣˣѣô˵ҲֹֻģοĿһġǹ֧ҲδܹٷУžӴأÿһ֧ʸҪýſң˷úüʸȻֻܼϣʹصģǼû취ĽĲ㡣
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ЦЦ˵СֵúܺãȻǲʮȫʮܹһɱ룬ǿһЩĽáǻ۵
£˱㿪ʼĽһ֧ʸڼʸͷװһ׺ͼӵһһը
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ʸ˲٣ڻСʱըһ£ȱ׵ıըʱ䡢ȴǺѿƵþ׼
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װļʸС֮ʱƸһЩ֮⣬ǿףͻûʲôá
һΣȻͬǻˡǼȴһҲ˲ңշЩơ
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Լûɰ𺦲˵ɳˮ棬ײɽ֮ʱݺݵذ˼ס
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ը֮£ڽƤըһ飬ü˶Ǿȵǣ֮󣬲ܶԶ֮ӷζֱӱ¶ھ׵Χ֮ڣԼ˲ϵĵ֡
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ңһ±ըúܲңԴβһ̣ʱˡ
𳤳ĳһڣ走ڴ㻹ˣ
ɵˡȻֽģ˷˺һֱһ﷢һ
⼸һֱڸɼܣûԺã˯Ҳû˯ãڣӶˣĸϽЩԵģȻ׼ȥС
ĳԵģĸʮģͳԹˣڣҲ޲ߡ
Ǵɭ֣ҪҵԵģȻѲˡ
ɽϹһתһҰҵ˵ǱһĢҰʲôĻ
ǰ죬ĹյʲôģһԶ˺ף󣬼˲ΪЩȥðգ˵εڣЩܲҵ˵
ԣ˶ǸѡһЩҰˣԵԣԵģͷŵտһ¡
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ѰŰɣԣȻ۵ģִ࣬ݵζȴһɵ𣬹Ȼζ


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һСΣԸø׳šǸӹȥԡķӦ
뼸Աʮ׵ĵطը󶼸ŲסĻζһĲ˼˶ľ˺һȥûа㷴Ӧǹͷ΢΢¶ġ˼ǹǡûаӦŷĴ󵨵ǰ롣
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֮£ֻõͷ׼
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ŰĲ˼綼ۣ룬ҲȥϢֻѹٴγ
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һΣϲûһͷ֣ϵЩַֻ
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˼硭˼硭ûĲ˼磬ʱһ亹
Լ壬ôͰĲ˼˸ˣˮ֪
˼硭塭ٴδҪ·ӣȥѰˡ
ֻһͷŷ֣ԭ֪ʲôʱԼŵķӣڸˮƯ
ƣӦˮʱ˷ӣĽӴߣĲ˼𡢰Ϊ˯ú㣬ûзԼѾˮߡ
ôţֻͷȥǣֻ̲֮һƬͿԼϤһƬɽ֡Сʲô
Կ϶ԼѾɽ֮еǸϣǵһһԼ֪ݵĵط
ϵ̫ײҲҵģһ¶ҲоˮϾǿ²͸ģȴޱ޼ʣˮŵĲһƬռŵֹ
һˮʵüΪƽԼоƯԼΪʲôˮ߶֪ԭ
ԼʱĲ˼ǶʧȥټԼ̫ˣһԼ˴ңԼһ֪ƯηĹƯߡ
ǣʱҲûôĬã̾һڣأԼô
ܲ̾ˮɱɣֻҪһԼͻҪȥ
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ĵط֦ôҪ֦ռ˲СĵطԼҪŲһռԼܹ
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Լ˹¶δ֪Щ־壬Ҫ˯һܡӦֿռŵĿ־壬һʱܹ֮˯š
˼ǣԼôطһʲôĵطԼûлŻȥûлŻȥĲ˼硭ȵȣЩΪ⣬ͣԴﴩ
ֱƵԴǷʹ󣬹¼ĵƴȥЩ⣬ԼϧڵΣܹȥƵסԼ
ʹ࣬ҪЩ־ǣƫƫûӿסԼ˼
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ֱôһɲǼ䣬Լ𡢿־ȥ
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̫ˣпˮԼŵķӡ֦ʲô
Ǿģ뵽ԼǬﻹһЩó
һΣҲûȥҪʲôֻҪЩƶû뵽һγģһõ䡣
صģȻûĥ¶ĵطɫ̣ɫ޵Ҫγˮһ㣬ˡ
ȻֻǴʣʯƤ࣬ĥ֮󣬹ʣҲңǼֵ֮
ʱҲоļֵʲôط
ܰԼȥԼصĲ˼һԼĲ˼ˣ𡢰˰ȫͻȥ
ĵطԼԱӣԼů˯ţĵ
ܣҪģһҲġ
Ƶļֵ
Цһ£䣬Լ˵ʲôֵҲûУǶеԼһĲֵ˵һָ룬ռǬĵط
ţһ֣ҪֵƵ䣬ӽȴвסŵˮ
ֻǣٵ֣ͻȻе᲻ˡ
Ĳ˼˵ⶫԼƴƴŪģˣԼҲͰˣĲ˼硭
һ뵽Ĳ˼磬黹մһЩʯƤ䣬ĳ


333 Լ˿
һ̾һְ˻ȥ
˼ֻÿһ棬һЩĲ˼ļ䣬Ҳ뵽Ĳ˼硣
ʶģȻְǸ˳
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ֻǣⶫһЩǰҲûУոĲ˼һڱ·ĺϣĲ˼翪ųӣŻԼһĻ
Щġ
ⶫأҲΪأղء
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֮Իô룬ͻȻ֮뵽һ֮ì֮ܣ
еģеõʹЩأԼڵҲǰûУ棬ҲʡԼʹ಻
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ŵɽԶԶطɳȥͨһˮֿԼϵ˿ڣϵ˿ЩʹʹȻһ˿ο
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һգ֮䣬ͺСһӶʱ㷭ԼŪˮ
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ˮߵͨһˮûбǺֻҪˮ棬һͻᾪʧ롣
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ֻһ죬ˮ̹˽ȥԽ࣬Խһʶģ˹ȥ
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ڼñﲻסˣȲʲôطεĵطˣֱԭطˮ
һ̹֮˲١
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˵ǹеǣǿ˵ȻǴͿ϶šдûЩ
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һֻһе־壬ǰˮһԼоǺˣû뵽ԼվԼǻţ˰
һǰߣһ⣬ϰԵϸȥ⹰õĲʣһһ⹰õĲʣҲԼ֪ʵɵģ
ʵصĶҲԾǣ⹰ֲʵôһǵҪĶó
ʲôˣܹôĶô¸ʲôõģ
һУһһţԴ
һ˺һߵıԵϸصǽϣһԾ顣
ǽϣǸһĻַֻЩַƣԿǽϣǷŴġ
ҲøףҲ⵽ʲôֻ֣Щַǰġ֮񡱵Щַܽӽ񣬵ֻǽӽѣͬһ֡
ҲпǱ죬ǡ֮񡱵ַ֣ݻģҲпΪ֣֮񡱵Щ֣űܳ
˵ҲһЩ֪ʶǶǰֶһĨڣ޷ó
˵пܲܿóⶫˣָ˵ûС
һȻһ󣬳Ծһ˷һ󣬲ôԼǿ˼û˿Ķ
⵱Ȼֵ˷ܣ
ãȻͯĴ󷢣˵ⶫַҪŪһ飬ȥǼҿʲô飿
һ뵽ʱ⣬ǬｫǸ˳׼һ͹Ĳλʹ̵һȥ
ΪӵˣһʯͷԼ̵ˣ͹ĲλʹۣҲᱻñΡ
˭֪Ӻ͹Ĳλһ𻨣ˡһ˵ĺ죬ʹֱһڱͭ档
ʹӵĹӣֱ˫ֶס䣬ǡˡɻԴԴֱԴֱ꣬趼ڸһһ㡣
ãŽʧࡢ趼ֹͣ˲ŸɿŶ˫֡
治֪Щʲôģӣô棬ֻǱһ𻨣
ãǰָﰵһ䣬ԼһΣԼ˸


334 ű
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ԣǽڣһ·ȥȥţдҲС
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ݣڿĴЩţȷ˼ǵģֵǣʷϣ񻰴˵֮УȻᵽˡⷽϢȽ˵ڷġˡ֪
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ƽϸȥӵеĶŷ֣ǾʲôģƬССģСһ˵һ˫֡
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٣ġ
ָͷһƬϸĿһᣬȷǹɽɫı˫εıƬûֶʲôô
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335 
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ף¡Ǭһǲܹ֪ϢĶǽΪԼߵ˶޾鷳
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ԣɴཫˣҲκἰ
ףٴοһ棬ҲûκζˣһȻӣ
ڳӳʱùһΡ
ӱǼסͷԵģȥ̧ӸǣǱˣļָȴӸǺݺݵءҧһڡ
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ֻʱӵ壬ͣתţĻûһĻ򣬹Ļ֮УԳССĹ㣬Щ飬ãȴеüйɡ
ЩĹԱߣһַͣԾһַı仯Ĺ֮Уһ˸СΧһת֮еĵ棬ʼðһֱߡ
ֱ߲ϵ죬߸С֮ͻȻԷɿٶȣֱĻһ죬ֱַߵ졣
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֮ƣҾôȥΪϲ̼Ҳ볬Լ֮ص֮⡣


336 ɽ
վ׼һŶĵط»⽩Ӳȴԥ˹ȥ
Ŷ֮ǰͻȻ¡һ죬Уһͷ̣ӴһĶ˹
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ǡȻͲȥһֱֱۣŶ棬βͶûȫȥŶ棬ͻʼ»䡣
ҵ˳šĵ·ҪĿ
ķһߣϵãǾԼѾõ⣬һĨ⣬ڿٵʧǸطӦش֮УǡӦѨı仯Բһе˽Ǳ꿪󣬱ȻҲٵĺ£
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ĽĲ˼عͷĿһۣ̾ͷѾݵֻʣһԴһ˫
Ĳ˼һһе˹ͼȥʼվͲôһСξ룬üΣĲ˼ָһɾû취ץһ
ҲĲ˼粻ֻǰںĲ˼硣
Һã׼һһɣһһӣӡһٵǰ
һеץסӣУ
оˣĲ˼˹ȥץӣƴ
òײŰ˳ȥе뿪
Щ죺ô£
˲ϹĽֻͣ˵ѾǼΣˣǱ뿪
˵ѾǼΣգ붼٣£ȵߡ
Ĳ˼§һ᲻ͣʵôݵȥǡþˡ
ƿĲ˼磬˵ˣٳ˾
Ĳ˼˵ͷЯѭ·ٴ˽
ֻǼ˲̵֦ġ·ߵһ룬һ󶶶һĢ
˵ģȻûѹȻˣĸͷһأǷһĳһڵϣعͷֻ룬ˣԭӦСĵطһ޴ԲӣˮֱԲӿȥ
ֻǴ໥˺һĲ˼Ҳ̲סʳѾ˴⣬һǸСģôͻȻ֮ͻȥ˵ġ
Ҳ֣ԼھǶ֮ǰҶ˯ģôһˡ
Ĳ˼ĵ̾һ˵죬Ĳ˼Ǽʵˣǳ˰ͷĢǳԶһЩʳж
˵Уһжʱж΢һЩѹ˯ѣԭĲ˼ȴתģĲ˼絣ǻᵢܾã˵ԼһչֺӦԣ÷Ӵһϵ
˭֪ŸոϵϣȴĪĲˣҼ˽һСʱŷ档
ԭ̾һڣԼкܴһֵľԼ˵ôˣǡϡʲôʲô֮İɡ
Ҳֻܼ򵥵Ļش˵Լѹ֮󣬾ͷԼѾ󣬵ǰ飬ԼҲ֪
֮ǰжһֱ˯ѣҲ治֪ʲôԣͣǺϺĲ˼ҲͲ׷ȥˡ
˺üԼõ˫ףֱȷ˫һֱԼϣŷ
һεľǡϡǡʱմԽȥأԼţĲ˼Ҳûʲô顪㹻ˡ

֮Ĳ˼һ뵽ĪСӣĪ˵ҪϽżȥ
ɵúܣལŻҲĪˡˣȻǸ˲ѣʳʶ̣꺮ůһ
˵ֳߵı£˶ص̾һһ˳ʲôûţʧǮҲˣ飬Ƿϴˡ
˵Լߵ˾ȵģʲô鲻ģ⻰ˡ
ǺǵЦЦСֵˬ죬˵ԭʲôĻԺ˵һܰæģȻ۰ͰͿš
лȻҪôҲ취صȥǼѰأ
ЦЦصڣҲ⣬ӦӦ꣬͸Ĵεһô̼
˼ǾҪˡ
ȴأأӶ˺üˣԼɹĻȴһûͻȥԭ˵ùȥμɣ콱ʽģҲѾˡ
һ˵Ĳ˼Щţͷü˰Σʵ壬˵ҵأָ֮һ⻰ô
ǺһЦĲС㣬˵Ļûʧԣܼܲ飬ֻҪҵʱأصڣҶᰴ֮һĸǡ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˵ǱҲЩ飬ǲôҪԣҾҪȥ
ϴ󡭡㡭Ĳ˼ҪӣԼʱزȥĲ˼綼ȥԼܹߵÿ
ƫƫĲ˼綢񡱵Ц˵ǰȥȥһЩ벻Ĵ̼
ⲻǡΪ𣿡Щͷʹ˵
Ĳ˼ЦţתȥĪġ
˵ལѾҪָˣĬϵһֲҩҪһЩֲҩԼҲһЩ
ǰ죬ÿ춼ǿŰɵĲҩ֧ģһҪҵֲҩѡ
ĬϵЦŽ˵ֲҩҲ֮ӵĺɽУңɻҩܳ߸ʱˣҲûҩԡ
Ĭϵ˵棬̲סʵΪʲô
ĬϵЦŴⲻ棬ģǺɽǿط
ôЦЦʵ
ڣལϻûȫָԼҲȱһȣӣҪһһʱ䣬ЩȤҪ
ĬϵЦ˵סô꣬ʹû˵˰ѺɽŪ浽ʲôʲôΣЩʲôû֪㲻棿
ҲЩ棬һɽôжطûŪĵΣҲ̫˰ɣɻ˻ȥɽҩ


337 
Ĳ˼粻ôͻȥԼֲܶ˵ԼҲӦĲ˼磬ʯҪúõϼģҲֻ漸˵ˡ
ҪĬϵǺɽʲô״ʱĲ˼ЦŶ˵Īֵ˵Ҫȥץ㣬ȥȥ
ȥȻҪȥЦЦȻĳ棬Ǿһж˳ȥɣĵĹϼ죬ԼҲȥ
ԣˬؾʹӦ
Ĭϵ緹д˳ˣ˵ҪæһµׯڣĲҩҲܳ죬ȹæԴȥĺɽ
ͷԼĽҲ㣬ȥǸá
Թ緹ĪʹĲ˼ȥﲶ㣬ŻҪལҪˣǸڿˣû£͸Ĭϵµɻˡ
ϴһҹĺӱߣ첻Ĳ˼磬Լֹ¶ʹֿڵĲ˼磬̲סЩ
ӱһǳǳĺ̲ĪСС洬Ϊ̫СֻˣĲ˼磬زҪɣĪֻ´ˮ󵹺ãһ𶼲ȥˣõĪ档
ڰɽˣĲ˼ȴЬ࣬ųţǳ̲ϸЩºϴ·ץĴСϱһ
Ĳ˼ЩºӲϴµĹϱһŴԲʣ߸ߵ˿ȣ¶һСȣЦһ仨һģְ
֮䣬ͷһƬˮһҪˣ̧ͷʱа˿ƣ
ʱĲ˼ЦԭĲ˼񣬱һЦһѺˮ˹ԾòĲ˼̲סˡ
Ĳ˼ڶԼ̲סЦһ£ǰÿĲ˼磬ǺٸԼ˵ЦЦңʱʱĶԼֶţǵڣĲ˼ŷ𳹳׵׵ıһƵģǰŮǿˣŮӲˣĺһҹ㡣
ŮӱҲǿ찡
ʲôأԾɻеĹ߹ʵ
ЦЦڿأĺƯǺǡ
һ䣬Ĳ˼ȻֵһСŮӣſ˫֣վںˮ˸תȻЦҽĺÿ𣿡
ĴָȻ˵ͷ
Ĳ˼ƯƯĳ̶ȣ޷ݣԣֻ˵ͷĴָʵжĲ˼
Ĳ˼ǳˣںˮϸϸɳӣ
ںӱߣĪСֿĲ˼ֵñıģȻͻ롣
ϴϴ󣬹֣ҪĲ˼
Ĳ˼ЦӯӯĻĶ˵ȥ֮Խҡϴ󡯣ýҡ˼硯סû
Ц˵ҿǽ㡮˼ɡ
㡭Ĳ˼ղѣһӺһˮǽϡ
˲ˡںϣ˫ֻЦţе
Ĳ˼ŭŽ˵ҪٸҺ˵˵ôʰ㣡
ӣۿһĲ˼磬̾羰ˣٺ٣Ҫһٺ٣ǽһĿ
Ĳ˼һӺ쵽˲ӣ˵ҹ뿴赸ҡҲᰡ
̾һ˵ǾͿϧˣҪһóġ
áĲ˼ԥĴȻ˸ƣȻһȭȻ߳һš
һȭǼ٣Ҫһˮȴģ꣬Ĳ˼ŤͷܣһһЦСҡ
һ£˸ƿ·Ĳ˼߹ˮʪ͸ˡ
춬ǺǵЦĲ˼һеʱҲýֻһ۾ͿԼıһݺݵϷŪһѡ
ǣĲ˼ûܳȥԶվסˣһŭ
ʮ߰꣬һһߵһСӣȴǰͺ˸ŶˣסĲ˼磬ĴСϱ̾һҴʰһԼĶϴ·ģ·ҲϴˣֱŵȻˣģǻĹȥǷߡ
һʱ֮䣬ԭ֣Цǳ̲徲ˡ
²ϽվȻɿܵĲ˼ߣһѽĲ˼󣬴ˣҪʲô
ߵǸſˮĲ˼粻Ų۹⣬Ǹȴһ׹⣬ֹһĻ
Ⱛ仰ֹ߸ƳһȻ죬ͷ󹾹˵һ˵ֻ
˵ʲôȻ֪һﶼǶĲ˼粻⣬ȴ֦ڣĲ˼磬תߡ
˭֪Ǹ߸Сӣɷ˵һϥϣӲߵϥˮһ̣ͷһһͲʲôˣӵĴСϱ˭ŶҪ㣬ĶʲôöԣйҪһٵĳ嶯
ֻϥͷˮһƬĺˮõϣһ˲侲
ͷŭһ۸߸ӣȻվĲ˼磬һԲǰߡ
ԼһţߵöˮҲ;ͷԼһۣǸ߸ӵĴЦ
Ц֮УǸҲ˵һš
ֻһΣҪ֮ʣĲ˼һסվȣĲ˼ҪŤͷȴһץסĲ˼硣
˺ܴľĲ˼綼еԼҪһ㡣
ôľԼԼͷĲ˼ףţ۸Ĳ˼磬סֻǲǻˡ
Ĳ˼ŬסߣͷҲصļǰߡ
ʱ߸ӸһЦ󹾹˵һĻȻǵ˵ʲôЦԼԼĲ˼Ļ϶ٲ˵ġ
ԣĲ˼磬ûͷֻǼǰߣߵúÿһߵúܳء
һûʲôӦǵΣһ󹾹Ľţһߴ̤׷
׷Ĳ˼ˣ߸һצӣĲ˼ļϣӵһ˫֣ȴȥļͷ
һ˲䣬ſĲ˼֣һִڰӵֱϣһȻֱӰѰӴӱֵǰˣ¡һˤˮһƬˮ
Ĳ˼ץŸ߸ӵצӣӰԸ߸ӣץŸ߸ӵʹһšȻһƣ߸ӵʱѾʣʹø߸ӡӴĽһ˼Ҳһƨˮ


338 ͷ
޿̵֮£Ĳ˼ڶ֣֮£ֻȽϿֻùˤѰˤˮĲ˼־صöˣֱӽ߸ӵš˾ʡ
ӱˤˮҪУǺˮֱӾ͹˰⧲֮£ǳǳĺ̲ȴͽ˹ȥ
һΪĲ˼ˣҶô룬˲ѣһֱ֣ӾͲ
˶ò˼顪ˣȻҶֻ֣ôأ
ڣ˶ˮĿĲ˼ˡ
ã߸Ӳ۴߸һУҲǸŽ
ֻĲ˼˶˵ЩʲôҲùˣһе֣漴ٴţ̤ߡ
ǰӽһ󣬾ȻҪĿ񱼹Ҫƴ
عͷĶŰӣŰӵȭͷԼıԽԽ
ΪĲλ֮һϰһȭҲұ֤Լıǹǻ᲻ᱻϣһ㣬ԼһȭԼһ˫۾ڰСʱ֮ڻῴ嶫
ɲ뿴嶫Ҫ˵СʱһӣҲ룬ԣƣ򰫸ӵȭͷӭȥ
ӵȭͷģӲɵöһ£ӾȻЩʹ࣬ƫƫָһץץŰӵȭͷһŤ漴ſ˰ӵ֡
Ҳ֪˶ӵֱ۶ʱĴȥ˼ֱʱ򣬰ӲŷһҽС
ӣƣҪȸ߸ӵ˲١
¶һɱ׹⣬ŰӣһڣӢ˵һ䣺Please leave me aloneԶһЩ
ʹԴϵĺˮˮˮһѰѵµεİӣȻʹһӢTell me who you are˭
Ĳ˼磬ϴɾ˽ϵɳӣЬ࣬Ŵҡڵߡ
ֻʱĪСɿ˰ܿ˵ߣ׷
ĪһżҴҵ׷һɫһ˿ЦʵĪֵܣô
Īʧ룬Щˣ˵ӢۣλٲҪصҵļȥҿԸǮȸǵĶҲҪˡ
ĪʧӣףĻˣջǣĪһң
Ĳ˼ܿҲ׹ԣ¶˵Բҡ
˵ûʲôԲģڹ컯֮£ϷŮŹοͣ»𡭡
ֻ⻰˵ڣЩգڹڣ仰УԼһһ£ԼϤĹڣֻһСɽ塣
Īҧ촽Դ˵һǸڴ׹ƴʦĶӣһǸڴ峤Ķӣˡˡ
ڴġ߶仰ĪڴжԶ
Īش˵һˣ˵ҲҪСʱ
һ¸Ǵķԭڴ壬ںӶһɽ󣬲ԶҪӣͱҪһ·
˵ͷĪܲܰԼһЩǹ֧ҩ
ôһ˵Ĳ˼һҪǹ֧ҩȥ̰
Ц˵ϴ㲻뺷ҲˣӶԹˣ㶣Ǹӵ˿Ҳʲôö׼һЩǹȻͱߴسûЩô
طҪ˵֮սҲֱƽϢҪ˵طڲȴȻǾϵڶ겻ϣСɽǹ֧ҩǳɶѳģһ˶ͦһǾ浶ǹҪģڼȻ鷳ô˦ˣߵ𣿡
Ĳ˼̾һڣҲֻĴ˰ɣҲ벻ĺð취
Ĳ˼ȻǹڣҲԲȥǹɱˣܹƽãɱ˵ǧɲá
Ǻ˻ˣһɱˣռѪǿһӶϴõĺۼ
ȻǵͷӦУ˵򲻵ѵʱԼǹ򲻵ѵʱԼɱˡ
һ£ԼҲԲ뱻ɱ
Ĳ˼ҲֻõͷӦô˼ԼԼ̲סҪ˼ң˼ҪɱԼܰѲϴøɸɾˣȻŲӸ˼ҿ
ԣҪǹҲ޿ɺǡ
ǹ֧ҩĪطˣƺĮó󣬼ϴײˡܲһ㡣
һ˴ҩ
ңǱˣ֧AKӵ˵ˣ˲Ҫǧӵ
Ĳ˼Ǻ棬ЩǹܱˣҺԴͦģôһ㣬Īȴ˵ڰĳЩطִģսҪãϢͨһʱܹбܽĵҩǹ֧ʱ򣬴ʤ̵һҲԼ͵ļ۸񣬳ֽɻҩܵ˵ֻҪ㵨ӹȥҲãȥҲãܹŪǹ֧ҩ;Ϊ㡭
Ĳ˼ЩĺˣֻǽĪ˵ǰ˵Ĳ˼еĺ
ν׹ƴʦĽͷʦνͷָǴ¿ɷΪ롰ƶ֣һΪͷʵͷ̩﷢ָʩеķͷָĸǱͷļĳ˻ĳضʩз˼
ͨ˵⣬ͷıʣ֣һּƵҩӣʹ£ҩԻԣӶﵽ˻߿˵ĿģֽͱΪǡҩ
置һʢеġŹơǳƣ置һŮߡ򼡢֩롢ЫӡĹ࣬ͬһ̳У滥๥ҧʳɱȵ⣬øƳɷĩνġƶƶϣʹ˾ҡ񣬻ʹ̣߹ơͷһģ󲿷ֱԴڴˣܵ˵ҩϻҽѭ
һ־Եúˣһġһֽзͷνķͷǽͷʦ÷䡢½Լͷ­УﵽԼĽͷͷнͷΪĪ⣬ҲΪֲĽ
һ࣬ǡν置һСһ˼С԰ｵͷʦ£ʩʱ֣Ӱȥ٣Ϯݺֿͨ籨šǶþ̵¡ҵһ˳ⶼСæ
ܵ˵ҩ֮⣬ǷɽҲùҲãŽ棬ѧء
Ĳ˼ϵĹƶҲѩӼ˻׽ĽͷƣһҩƻǱȽ⡣
ԳˡɫʵġķɽЩΪȻˡ


339 Ⱥ
Ĳ˼粻ΪȻȴǺܽţΪĲ˼粻ΪȻΪĲ˼ܵ˼кܴ
ȷ˵ͬһܽİ˵Ĳ˼о޴Ĳ𣬰Ĳ˼ǵ˵Ϊ桱ͨϰգͻֱӵ˵ǡ
ԣڡ񡱰ģĲ˼ȻͲϡ
ܽš
£һСƽ𣬸ˣȻչҪ׼һЩʳþߣԱʱ֮衣
Īˣ˼ңЩ˼ҿĲ˼ˣ̹ţֱվһˣĲ˼赲ڴ⡣
˵Щǰµȥ˼ңЩ¹ӵ˼ϵĲ˼׹ƽͷʦĶӣ͸ڴ峤ĶӵˣӴСǴ
ԣЩˣĲ˼ˣȻǱ֮Ψǻ
˺üҶҵ˾ܾ֮ĪҲΣԼǲĲ˼ˣԼѾûмȥǸˡ
ȻûԼҪĶĲ˼ˣȴǸмĪͷҲĪԼôˡ
£οĪ䣬Īؼȥ֪ͨԼлҪ˵
Ī˵ͷ漴תȥ˭֪ţһһһȳڴѰ
ĪԶվĲ˼ˣһһȳģͷʵڴô죿
ҡͷĲ˼ȴ˵Բ壬ǲã˴ҡ
˵ʲôۣҿʲôˣҪ֣һˡ
֯һ´ǣ˵壬ҲԣӦһȥѰұص¶ˣԲ塣
Цұص飬ͻȻֲȥˣͻȻһܺ飬Сֵܣģ˭ҪǸߺߡ
Ϊʲôô˵˵⻰ʱȻ䣬ƾѡ
Ȼƾѣϰգ֮ˣܹȿǵǵİȫҺܸˣСֵܣȻ㲻סȥӵ߰ɣһľţͷ
һĵطԭҲҪȥĵطû뵽ȻҲҪȥ
һ𣬴һ־Ȼ޷˵־Ȼ
һζȹҵڣ鷳鷳ǴСֻͦȥͷڹ⡣
Ĳ˼ߣİš
𵽵׻ʲôţȻȥʡ
лһȻĲ˼һ»صӱߣȻΣȥԼǸط
һԶĵطĲ˼Ҳûüӣҵľš
룬˱Ĳ˼Ҫ絽طҲһһȺ
һȺ˵ҲʮҺģҪˮϣоǰϷĲ˼Ǹ߸ӣǸˡ
ʶ֪˱Ѱġ
Ĳ˼˰ȻһȺ˸ֺģһ£Ĳ˼ָֻţЦ
Ǹ߸ǰһ鲼ֻš˾ʵֵǰĲ˼߽һֹ֣ס˵֣ߴߴ˵˼Ĳ˼˶Ļ
˵꣬һȺٴηһЦе˶ĿͶĲ˼磬Ŀ
ЦУһĿĲ˼磬һߴ
һҪȺܵļƣһϲ̵ִĶŸɣҲþͻẦ£µģıýˣܵǣۣᰲġ
һֻҪȺܣĲ˼Ҳ΢΢һ̣¶һ˿
Ǹ߸֪Լ˵ĻֺĴţУеͣЦﶼ¶һɺ⡣
˺һǸӢİӣҲǵһֱۣһȺмվ˳ӢݺݵĶ˵Сӣˣ
Ҳ˵˭ˣǻ˵һء
䣬м̲סˣֱӾ
Ĳ˼ǰһǰ˹ģˣǺһľݣˣĲ˼绹ûǷ
ֻû뵽һĲ˼磬˵˼磬
ƽһ㶼ǡϴϴ󡱵ĽĲ˼磬ż鼱֮£Ҳϼ˼硱֮£ֽһ˼硱Ĳ˼һ󼤵
Ĳ˼һ˵ʲôѾ̤ӭȥ
ۿ˾ҪӴһȻһȷѪ꣬һϺȴ˹
šȵ
ˣ󻹸ˣŻʣ
ĺ֮Уﾫһˣ漴ֲ𣬼˹
ٴδһгȻĲ˼šѾǸ߸һõģǵԡ
һΣһȺ˶һ£һ
һߴ̤ǰһǵ˵ʲô
˵˼䣬һȺ˶ʱһϵ˺¶εɫ
Ҳмģ
˵֮һ߽ţһ߷ָָԼİŻʣȻֶǼ˴һͨ
ǼˣߴҽһͨʮߵĻصһȺм䣬Ȼһ˫ţȻȥ
ҲкЦģҲֱӾ͸ȥģǸ߸ӺǸȴһ֮ɫ
ʱͷߵߣһ߷ߵ˵СֵܣոҸǽ棬ҲˣһΪϷĲСȷǵĴǺֹأҪһ˵
һ۸Ĳ˼ȣǾĲ˼籾ҪߵģȴһŹԼ˼ûУ˺ԼǷҪԼһʲô˵ⴿڵߵڰסǿʶ˵˵
̾һ˵Ҳô˵ˣֻǸ㿪ЦģңҲˣˣûУĿ֮µʵ
ôһ˵Ҫ˵ʱֳôĴСϱģ˭ûôᣬ˳ʵġ
⻰ߣҭȥ˴һǽЩûã㲻÷ẦĪǴˡ
ԣһϣȴҲҹǿֻЩ˵Ǿú
ҲһκβԼĲ˼硢ȵȣԼһˣһӶϣ
Ƭ̣ʵҪҸһʲô˵
ҪһƽľǼ̵˵
ҪһôʲôƽйƽôûẦ´ܣ˵ƽͺЩ


340 ŵ
ҡͷЦһ£ȷûʲôƽԣ˼ҵĵͷϣ˼Ҳͱӣװ׵ѾĹƽˡ
һһĵһĻ
ǰ˴Ⱥ˳Ӿ֪ȺŹļƣ
Ȼٴҡͷһһûô򵥣Щһ˵ĲС㣬ÿ˶ܽסǱˣӮ
Ҳ˵ҪˣĲ˼ͬҲҪȡʤ
ЩŭʲôƽԼˣҲͰˣĲ˼硭תͷȥĲ˼磬ֻĲ˼һء
óղŴȺ߳ˣǻӣҪĲ˼һ˵ˣĲ˼ʣʹܹȡʤҲֻǲҰܡ
ҶĲ˼üһ㣬ƫƫ֮£Ĳ˼Ҳȥرصַá
νĹƽ
Ҳû룬ֻ˵壬ҪǣжԸμƽľһϣһˣ
㡭һĳԾԼҲԲ롢ֱӵһȺˡ
ǴҶҰش֣ɱһҪɵһȺˣкܴĻᣬڿǹͶȡҲ飬ͻܲסȺǣúܲס˶࣡
㡭ԥ˰ΣòײЩɬ˵ҪһȺˣ
壬һһֵĽгսҶӮǣһϣҵĻᷴһЩ˶٣˵쵶ն飬һԽҹζ࣬Ļᣡ
а𣿡Ǻܵġ
Ҫ֪˵Գؼֻĳ֮У˼תҲͶȥֵĿˡ
֣ܰмܲסǺɾͲ롣
аգشٴʵ
Ҳֱ˵壬һĿС˶࣬ԿһЩ԰壬ıռˣҲֻռˡ
ĬƬ̣תͷǸ߸ߴ˵һͨĻû˵꣬߸ǱߵȺ̺䶯
Ц֮У֮ŭм֮ͬҲ
߸Ȼŭѣһ˵һȺˣԾûûǴӵ˷
ô󣬶ûûôˡ
ڼˣ߸Ψһ뷨ô߸Ψһ뷨ǣܺãȻԼҪǾͱ֤òѿ
£߸һ֣󹾹Ľһͨ±Ǽվ˳ʮˣȫǶĿ޵ˡ
ʮ˴̤ߵԶĵطһվȻһͨ
˵ڶʾ𾴣һ˵ôˣĵͬʱҲ㣬Ƕǵ裬ԣҪôȫû˻֮Ҫô£
תͷԸм΢ЦȻ̤ǰ
ʱĲ˼練ڶ˵Ȼûףģʱٶ˵ʲô
ԣĲ˼ֻҧһһȴģҪиʲô⣬Ĳ˼͸ͬھ
ΪﲻͨǰҲ˵ʾǼ˿Զˡ
ǼҲǫ飬ʾһ˲䣬ͳˮһ˹
ͷһ˶죬һֻȭͷźķ죬硱һȭʹϣһգۼ䣬˵һ㵣漴ʹĺһֱֻۣҲĴȥ
ڶ˻ûô£һֻ־ץס˵ֱۣһֻһȭ˵ĶϣҲû˶˱㡰໡Ľһ˫һʱ˵ϡ
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ڶһȭù˵֮ԥһתͷһر͵ˡ
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һȺˣģȴһ˫׵ĹЧ
һӣĲ˼ԭŵüͷøˡ
ʱĲ˼練İΣǲ죬һȺᣬû򵹣ˣǳ˲СĿ
Ĳ˼ļ֮УǴͭǣСڵϣֵĻᶼûУҪӷţԼ֣֪ᱻʲôӣоǰڶʯԼţҲͷһأ͸˵ԼƽֶţضûС
Щ£Ĳ˼綼£ǣڵһ˵ʮˣû򵹣ȭ֮䣬ʮ˴üɹ
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Ҫ˵Ĳ˼磬𣬿Ӷ˳û뵽ô
һǿһߣ֣ĿϵȭͷɣǸ֮еĸ֣һ㣬𶼲ģҲһܴ㡣
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ԣͺˣһ˵һֻ֣ע̹򣬵ŵҲٲ˵ġ
ǷӡӲó棬ϵҲþˣƫƫǲҡٻһתܴſһ˵ģת˼ܿȥ
ͺȷһͷͻʼȴһͷ˽ŵͻסһȻǲùסĻᣬȴࡣ
ңŵ֮Ҳһ֮󣬷һ㣬ֻϵԼϵġӲȡЩ˲ҹֱƽǣΧʱ͵Ϯһ
ҲԼĿദԣֻƾԼƤ񡱵ĿԱ͵Ϯмһˣһ˲š
֮£ֻܶһˣȰŵȻȥʰġ


341 
Ⱥܵʱ򣬲ܱ͵Ϯ˷ɢעҪרעһˣȰŪſȻȥʰˡӽ̸һ顣
ɱӺã޶ȵıԼ׷һȥñ׷㣬ùĿĵȥ׷еˡ
ԣʱסǸ͵ˣǸ׷ʹǸҲΪǡ͡Ȼη壬ӲӲ
Ǹһȭؿڣƫʱһӣ˵ȭͷؿϻ˹ȥûֱӴ
ˣҲûܵķ֮ҲΪǰſǼˣ֮ԻᱻֻǼ˶ѣӦġҡ
ԣջȭͷ׼ٸһȭҲϺüȻſڵ
룬˵ȭͷջȴմһֻ֡
һֻ֣ģֻһ֮䣬ץס˵󣬶һǰһ£Ȼʹһ
˶ʱֻоӶûӶ̶һʹ˲䴫ϵÿһ񾭣˶ʱоǱǧ֧һ㣬ʹֱʹ˹裬ʹҪһ
̱ȥݵ̱һֻֽȻ˵Ķϴһȭ
̷˳ȥ˳ȥҵһˣ
һڵϣҲˡ
һ֮䣬Ҳ£һĿΪ̫ӵģʹϣҲûʹ
ܵķҲ
ԣ⼸֮䣬Ա˱ʾмҲһһ붼ɵˣ
ǣֻƬ̣֮󣬲мɵ˵ˣŷ֣Լǵ˴ù
ץסˣһʹȻϳһȭȻֱӷ˳ȥȻڵϣʹҪңƺҪӺһ㣬ܣֱȱ˸ϼҪֲü֡
ȻЩ˶ڣҲҪ㣬ƫƫûܹŵ
Ƭ̣Ⱥܵʮˣֻʣ˻վţ˵ر˺ǡˡΧŹʱûܹ϶ȵֻ˻վŵʱҲɵˡ
ʮˣô˼ıŵƽˣ˶ʱһս˶ħĿֲ
һֻǣҲֻǵĿˣû˻Ҫȥ˼
ϣܶ˾ֻܴĿܶģֻڵԹԵİţ۰Ͱ͵ģŸ߸ӣϣ߸ܹûвμΧŹ˹ȥһѡ
ʱҪǰæǸǲܵģеˣѾǳ似𺳵Щɵˡ
ȻعˣһȻԸ߸Ӻһͨ
߸ʱһ亹ûҪ˵ʶ
ڸ߸ӽһȺ֮УļˣһͨʣҲ𽥻عã⼸˾ȻвԼͬһЦ뷨
ԼߵˣǸϷ
ҪȻԼߵʮ˵УкüǸҳŸ첲ſܹҰһӲ֣ңǺü˶
ǣ⼸ֶܹԸҰˣһ󣬾ȻǱſڵɽ͸ԼߵˣһȭȥҪô̾ԼʹвѣҪǱץסһȭ÷˳ȥҪϷ˭ţ
뷨ȻǿЦˡ
ġЦ뷨ȴЩѹ˻ҪȥԣҪЩزˣǲϷ
ǣ뷨ܿͱ̶عĸ߸Ӹˣ߸Ĩһϵĺˮ˹˹ĻӦ𼸾䡣
Ǹ߸ߴﹾ˵һ֮ͨ¶ЩˣǸ߸Ѿˡ
ʱصĲ˼ߡ
Ĳ˼Ϻģס֣Ｗ˼֣㡭û°ôġ
죬˿һ˵û¡Ҿռ˶ôһ˰
Ĳ˼統ȻţǱ˶࣬ȷһЩӰ죬û򵹣һĶúɳȥôͣ
̾һ˵㿴Щ˰һݵøﾫƵģ϶ûʲôҺܻɣǲӣҪȻôô򣡡
Ĳ˼˵ģҲף׷ȥҲ˵ʵĲ˼Ҳֻôס˻ͷ
عͷ΢ЦŶ˵СֵܣѾԸˣ
ϲ䣬ҲνֻǱҴҵ鷳Ϳ㡣
˵ͷôֲܱݵȻ̬Ƿ˲٣΢˶٣лҪ˵ʱĬϵһҲ˹һüһĻҲǲĬϵˡ
ЩˣгͷĿųͷֿģſӰ˿ɷڵ˹
ֻǵ˽ǰĬϵ˴󲻽⣬ڵϵĻʮüȴûһߵģңӣⳡܺǴˡ
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ѾˣĬϵ˿ڵϵˣҲϲ˵ãҸڽһ¡
ЩֵĿŲĬϵǶˣĬϵҪʲô
ĬϵЦЦ˵ǲ֪ӵϰߣһиڴĹأǵ͵δӣǿļҵŮӣֻҪ˫̸ףͿýһ
סӻһͷ
ַףҲ˵ֻ޶Ը£ңʹǡҲֻ߹ѣҪƴһġ
סĬϵ˵ͷƯֻû飬ԣֱӶ׵ͷ
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ֻշϰߣĲ˼綯ͷǻпԭϾ˼ҵķףǣЩСϱҲǾʧ롢ɢӣ¾Ͳֻǡסôˡ
٣˵Ӧòֻǡסô򵥰ɡ
Ĭϵ̾һ˵Ǹһģв£˵һҲǿǰһףŮӹȥһ꣬͵òˣɻľҪ˵ŮӣˣҲߡ
һתͷȥôûԼĲ˼˵
Цһ£Ĳ˼ˣһԶһ㣬Ϳ˵ģ˵ֻΪֻһͨͨˣåС飬ֱӸ˵˿Ĳ˼磬Ҫȥɾͳ˶Ůܴ裬Ҫ˵κһʱ֮䶼ʧȥǡ


342 Ϲ
ĽͣҲûʲô˵ģҪһ֪Ǽһﱧŵ̬пֵܼȣ
ֻˣʮҲڵЩҪסˣå˵ѾһĽֻ΢صѡ
ĬϵҪ½飬ǼɻˣӽԺҪƲ½뵽ӵĵؽ磬ɧŵЩŮ˵
ȻԸӦ֮£Ҳֻõ˵ͷǿӦ
ƱǿһѾף޻֮ӦҪԴ᣿
´Ǵ˻֮󣬲Ĭϵ̾һȻԸϹЩɢˡ
˼䣬ȥ
Żʡ˶񣬿΢˼䣬ŴҴȥ
ͷɳ̲ϣʱֻʣĲ˼ˡ
ô죿ãĲ˼ʵ
㲻Ҫ漸ôһ㣡ЦЦ
ǣڳ飬Ĳ˼Ҳûʲôټ桱ȥ桱ȥվẦġ
ԣĲ˼˼ã˵ȥĬϵǣһͻȥ𣿡
ϽȥȻ룬ˬشϴô˵Ҿô죬ٺ١һȫġ
Ĳ˼㻹ҡϴ󡯣
ҡͷԵ˵ϴϴǰѡŴˡ˵ģҪӦһǽ㡮˼硯ˡ
㡭Ĳ˼ָŭ㡭˵˵ҡҡ
Ĳ˼绹Ҫǰһŭһ䣬ôʰ㡱Ǹոյ龰Ŀƾղŵı֣Ҫʰ²Ĳ˼õģԣĲ˼ֻ˵ҡ֣Ҳ˵ȥˡ
ȴ˵ڿƯǺǡΪǡŴˡġϴ󡯣
Ĳ˼գһ˫ȭͷҪ
ϽĴĶ㿪һ߶һЦѡ
ȻոմһܣĲ˼ڲȥ̾Ҫؼˣࡣ
һ·˵˵ЦЦ֣ܿ죬͵˴ڡ
һڣĲ˼˶һǴĳһ
ˣ
Ĳ˼ζ벻顣
һʲôҲ˵ֱ§סֻһҪϿϼڡ
ðΣӲŷſͷ˿һԵĲ˼磬Žеϴ󡭡
һ뵽˵Ǹϴ󡯣Ĳ˼ˢһºˣ˺ðΣŻصӣôˣˣԺ󣬱ҡϴ󡯣ҽɡ
ӿ˿ֿ˿糺Ĳ˼磬΢һһ˵Ǳߣ˽С㡯
Ĳ˼һ漴յС㡯ǽʲô
ССٺ١Ҳ˵˹˹˵
һӵӣĲ˼֪һ˼һҪ˵ɩӡ£Ĳ˼ּټ˵ȥ
һԺٺٵĸЦ˼Ͻתƻ⣺ӣ˵˵ôҵģ
룬һӵʱʹһȻһֲֻһָֻ˵磬㻹˵һΣ̯ϴˡ
֪ϲ˵˵ҲԼᡰ̯ʲô¡ֻǵġһ漴ʵʲô£
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ȥȰοɣϼȰãһȰɣϼȻȥսݵɣϼɣҲʱϴ桭
һ¶ʱסˣԼȻ̯һ£
Ĳ˼ҲЩеӣǺأ
ӽ˵ãҶһ仰Ĳҩҽ廹ϵˣϼõʲôҲòҶ˵԰ɣҪκòǻöȥҩӣԣҾ͸һ£̤Ѱ̡
ӵ˱߳ǣ΢һ֪죬߳һ£ڶʯЯ˴Ķ䣬һ׷ţɽȣʱ䣬ոպ߳ǵĵڶ죬µЯŴˣһĲ˼ˣʱӱͱ˺һӣҪ߸ɣϼˡ
ڿ˺óһʱֲ֮žѭӶݵ·ߣһ·Ѱ룬һȻϢ
ģ磬ڶ̯ϵĴ£ڱ߳ǣЩʯ˽ĺٺ٣磬˵£һǴ£
죬ʵ˵Ҳ˹ˣȥʯʯͶʯɣĳ䣬ΪʲôͲܣôܵˣ֪֪һ·Ϲ͸Ⱥ˸ܽӴߺߡҲǵġ
Ĳ˼ӵڵ𣬾ǿЦҡһͷҪӽûа칦򶼲ɣǣڱ̯ϵĴ¶ĸϽ취ȥ
߳߾Ͳ˵ˣͽɣԺˣؼɣϼǱߣǲĴ¶һãֻ»ǳġ
˭֪Ĳ˼Ҫôȥ飬ͻüЦĶʵ磬Щֵǵı䣬жļֵҪóֵҿ۽磡
ûĴʲôֵǣãĳ˼ѣµһ㻹ˣ
˵ţתͷҪȥһ£ﶼˣ飬Լǰﲻʲôæˣ̻ȥ
󣬽ظţһ˵磬ˣҶúܣ˵һһֺյĺ䣬˵ڱ߳гףǼǮٲ˾λٺ٣λǿıҪȻôҪ⡣
Ӿѣֻһһߴȷôһɫ䣬Ҳ˵ֵܹλλңҲˣҲ˱߳Ǳߣȥʱ򣬲
һп䣬ӶʱλǵֵǮ˵ôصĶ˱߳ǣӽסֺǵ
磬ŵǸط㻹ǵðɣǸطȫ𣿱ûɡ֮һ·ͣʾǿ伫ĹС
Ȼ֪ӵĵУһ·ţһûһĻشӵ⡣
ʱ㵽˲Ĭϵļſڡ
뵽Ĭϵ˵ӴµˣᱻΪܴĲ飬Ǵ˼ɻʱٽݡ
ֻĬϵĬϵĪֵܡĪֵܡ
˺һҲû˻Ӧ
˰ôûӦˣЩ֣ô
˺һĬϵļű򿪣벻ǣһ򿪣ʱһӿʮüˣŮˣ׼ȷ˵ʮŮӡ


343 ƻ
һŮﶼһЩ
Ĳ˼˿ôǹ죬ҪʲôŹֵġ
ʮŮһӿߴߴģһӾͰĲ˼硢Χס
ʻһĸߴģŮӣԽڶߴߴ˵һ仰漴һ첼˳
һŮӶ֣ŮӺȻһһк˹
һȺԴԤȾƫƫֵģһȺŮӣ޷Ī
Ҫ붯мܰɣΨ˵ЩŮЩŮǱˣҪ˵˵ֻŪʹ˼ң˲ù⡣
ǲмܰɣһգ֮䣬Ͼͱסһͷôһգ֮䣬ͱסˣƫƫлҶ֡
Ĳ˼練ӦǽϿ죬һòסţҪǰΧ
ŶƿŮӣ̱ŮĲ˼Χסı̧̧ӲĲ˼̧ԶԶĽϣ
漴ǸĸߴģŮӣһȣŮӱһ̧ɿԼȥ
Ĳ˼类ŮΧţʼ޷ͻΧҲֻܴţ۰ͰͿ̧ߡ
޷ͻΧĲ˼缱ôӣǰȥæǣҲ֪ô£˰죬ҲûĶ
˵УҲǵù͸ˣЩŮΧţҪǰս룬֪ĸŮӣȻӵĺһ¡
ֻǰһڣ˹ȥ
ѹʱֻû쬵ģͷȥԼϣû뵽һһԼ˰˸⣬ֻʣһˣңǾӣһĴϣڴҲͰˣƫƫԼֽţһֺ͵ĲӸסˡ
ӴһҪֻһУ̷һֲ顪һʮĴ裬һ飬ȴЩŵĿԼ
Աߣһʮ˾꣬ŨױĨһŮӣߴ𣬰ڰڣʱ͵Լһۡ
ӿŮˣʱʱΧӱƴǰȥ赲ЩŮӡ
ͻȻ֮䣬Լĺһʹ֪Ǳ͵ϮˣתͷʱԺľͿһһŮˡ
ôô˰·˸⣬ôҲ벻
ԼŮ˶ſӴǾȣеҪʲô
ǴĴ裬˵΢΢ȻתͷŮ˵һ仰λ˵ĻҲ
ŮӺԥԥģ˼ӣֻعͷλ裬ǿǿǰһӺܽˣߴ˵š𶯡ҡһúõķġ
Ůӣ˵ᣬ˵ĻҲǿܹö
ӹŮӦöԼ˵¹˲þȣþʵǣңץʲô
ŮѪʹҲҿһۣ͵͵ĴǲץϹġ
ǡץǡһǡϹ¾Ȼġ¡
ӵתתЦЦ˵˵ŵôֱӸ˵һ͵ˣõұڻ𰡣
˵ɣЦ⣬Ǵһɣ϶ʱҲֳһ˿Ц⡣
˵ĻŮҲֻǿöһС֣ʲôģŮˣǡڻʲôģͲȻ
ӵ˼Ůʵڿˣˣ̡
ȻȥƽŮ˵ʲôֻһζİԴ
ӲסҡͷŮεĻعͷȥλĴ
λ΢Ƭ̣һľͷ¹һЩ·ݸŮֵŮ˵˼䣬ȻҴ뿪
Ůţϸӣ˵չءǵģҵ㣬㲻롭Ϊֹ
ﰵУߣǼٵģ˭ߣ˭˵ԼĴ̵룬Ÿո𲽣Сɽû˲š
Ҳֻﰵô˵ϣЦݿ䣬ʾŮȷſԼԼȴ·ҪȻôģɺͳ
ŮҲλĻϵȷŵһߣȻعӽ⿪˽ϵӣȻӴϿӡ
ӰѿӴ֮ŮֽӵĽòס
Щʱӷǳǳϣﻹ͵͵ĸŮ˵Żһ˵һЦӶŮͦкøС
ŮҲǸˣǽߡĽ⿪ӵһֻ֣ҪӴ·
һ̣ӸϣڴϣһҶ˼ҲҲûС
ŮӣȥӱŵһֻʱͻȻɫ䣬ҧһȭŮϡ
Ůڻȥ֮ǰͷĿһۣȻӵϱ۾
һǸĿһ»˯ȥŮӣҲֱӾͰŪιȥģϹ飬ôԸаַʽӿľǱȳһֻӬ
Ż˯ȥŮӰ̵ģһǰԼıڻ𣬻ԼϹ
ҪƿԼϵŮλĴŽһڵĳԵġ
һϽŮԴյԼͱϣװǻƵһҿС
λһ¶һϲ⣬ϵķŵϣȻ֪Ȥת뿪
λȥְŴϣųһȻһӽŮƿ
ֻǸոһڣŮһƣȻ۾ˮһ˫۾㶵Ŀӡ
ֻһգۼŮعҪС
иϽһŮعҪȥŮͣŮסصĽӲԣһ˫ĹסŮȻſ죬һŮȥ
ĽǴٴŽǿ龰ȴӸŮӵ౧ֻǻ˸ƶѡ
ȻŮĿ֮Ҳֻܰ̾Ϣһڵ˺ＱȻٴ˳ȥ
ȵţŮѾӡСû̱ϡ
ŮߵԺһһ£Ůٴλ˯ȥƿŮȻȥڽϵĲ
˴һֿŮģӵЬӸ
Žڵ˼ֻعͷٴһǸĿ˿ŮȻףһϹеŮӡ
ߵű͸ŷ
˭֪һһ⣬ü׳ʵԺžƣ죬ֱߣȴżѿ


344 һ
⼸Եľڿӣֹѣֻδ̫һЩ
Ҫ˵һǻ˵ùȥϹ¶õ
ǰߣ϶ûŶӻعͷһĴӣҲһССĴӣСӶܴҡڵĳȥƫƫ棬װһЩ
ӴӳȥĿԣС˼㡪ҪЩᷢһЩ쳣춯춯ŵ˻᲻
ߴȥǲˣֿ˿ݶݶǺܼ̣Ӻ̾ģ˵ͬ޷Խһϡ
ӿý겻ѣƫƫʱһŲӦλ裬ˣңţȻǿ
õú죬ҿҲŪúܴ󣬺ܿŮӸ
һ£ɰӼһ󺹣Ҫһ򿪣Լ¶ڶһ¶ڶ˭֪ǼӻԼô
֮䣬һת߰˵űƿһɲǣֻص˴ϣٴα˯ѵŮ
ģȻλ裬ӻŮλЦһ仨ĽһСӷŵ棬˿ѾЩĳԵģ΢΢һ£룬˳ȥҪԵģóȥȣ͹
ȥţ뿪
ȴȥ֮ŴһŮ̾Ϣ˺һ´ҪȥѰҳ·
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˸үֱӰ͵ˣ⵱ĸģô塢ͳԵģͶϵŲҪ
ߵӱϣӽǸС˿Ӳ󣬶һҲȻǺڳģֻõʱ̫ԳϡᶼûУӾӦþŮ˵κС
ΪҲһɵģŮϵζԣӲ϶Ůװεĺӡ
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Խ棬ҲûƿӸǶ
룬Ӹմ򿪺Ӹǣ̷һֲļС棬һơɫСߡ
ӲŰѺӴ򿪣һֱһҧӵָϡ
һߣ룬֮£򿪺ӣԼһ߳ҧԼһڡ
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һ߷˿һܣס֣ҪҧסԼˤһ˺ѷεĿ
ӿУֱӽ߿˹
ȼ˸ող˽һﾹȻ°ĭˡһڵϣ˹ȥ
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һ⼸ӾһȺˣŮŮٵĶС
Щ˵ȴֻǼſڣԴ̽˽űεŮֿ˿ŵӣߴߴģҲ֪˵Щʲô
˺һиͺܴͷӶ˵ͷӣɻĶλ˵˼ʲôԥ˺һ߽ǸӵݸǸͷӡ
ͷӴ򿪺ӸǣһߣȻɫصĵ˵ͷ
һͷߵЩ˶ʱȻԭ˼׳ĺӣҲ˷ܣգ֮ɢ˸ɸɾ
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ˣ׳ĴͷӵķԸ£̧ŻԲѵӣŮˣһš
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û룬̾ףҪԼĽࡣ
̴̵ģյҪȥϹҪԼ˭˭ˣ
һͨҽУ뱳Ҳ̡һžһŮӵĴޣŮӵĿͦϤģûͷ֪Ů
ʵŭ֮ҪṴ̊ԼġɫԼô䵽Ҫز
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Ůֻǰؿӣ䵽زģҲʵǳϡ
ӼʲȻӷŭ޺޵ģһһŭ˵Сʲôޣʲôÿ޵ģүǶһаһôЩһôôûԣⶼʲôͷˣҪջˣ̵ģǷˡĴҪ䵽ҵһҪһһģЩһгϣһǹһǹģȫǹӡ
ϧʼղѣŭҲû˴
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ԭСвѵӣͷӾܹ˵ϻˣ³ͷӴУιͷҸԹ޳ô˵ͰҸˣҪңܵøһɰɡ
һûɱ˶ûŻ͵Եȵ˲ݵ鶼ûһҪ˭˭㶼
ôţҲֻǱŲϣˣﶼôֻͨҪɣϣҲãúܡ
룬ͷӾȻӵ˼Իŵҡҡ֣ЩվǰöĻ˵̤أܵǵıӣȵʹߣٻ㣬Ǿֻȥǵ顭


345 ǧһ
ҿŭҵҵֵܣʲôʲôƨ£бӹôٻʲôٻңǴ˵绰дţɱ˵ߣǵ˰㣬һ֮Уʹ޵ģ
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ٸƨӴŵĴƨҸͲӣΪֹʲôֶ֪أ˵ӣ֮λ޴ǣߣʲô£ҪȥϹģҶ˼ҲûУб£ɱˡ
û˼ͷתͷվȺĴһ䡣
λɬĵ˵ͷӦһʲô
ͷתͷ˵㲻ҪƱˣȥŮۿѾ˷֮ʵ˵Ҫǵ飬ҲԵ޹ʵټһˡ
֮ʵĸ֣ƿˣ˭ԼҪѣڻ֮䣬һζ§ŮҿһңǴ˸š
⻹һΪյĵطΪյǣԼƫƫǸκһĺӶ˺ģҪǵģѲˣ˸ŮһӵˣҲòҪҧҪ
Ӷֶʹﲻɷ¶ģԺֻҪǼߣͼһδһΣЩ˵飡
ƿԣͷĺһ䣬мϲѣŮ⿪ҪӲݶ̧ȥ
룬ŮֹסǼ˰
Ů಻ѣͷǲ̣ɵôȣŮˣȥǸʲôǣʲôã
ͷȴӣ鶼˵ˣѾǷޣҪһ㻹ҪƱ硭
ӿǵڲ֪ŮС顱ֻӶûʲô˼ǳ飬ҲֻǶһߵͬѣͷ˵׿ڳϸԼǷޣ̲ס̾ա
˺һǿŤԴԲסİ˵飬ҶԲˣҪ±ӣһ취ȢţⱲ㻹ǱҴˡ
˭֪һţһᣬú˵ҲҪ±ӡֻҪֻҪڡ
鲻뿪ӣͷӵĻȽһǼ󺺣漴ſ飬Ȼ²ݶȥӣͷ̾ͻ
Ӳ쳤̾һԼζȢһţ룬ȥϹûɣŮ飬ԼҲ䵽˸ѵ³
̾δϣͷӹȻ
Żѵˣ̽ĻѣͶݶϣһƬ̣ȼ˲ݡ
ʱߣҲȥϵֻؽ§סˣȻĿ
Ҳһ硭ˡر۾
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˹ȥպľͷӣȻӣĲ˼磬תҪߣ룬ӸİΣ˵磬Ҳߡ
΢΢һֽľͷ˳鿴Լľͷӣʱ£סߵͷл
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΢ָ˺֮ģҲǱˣҲҪȥϹģôô׵˳ңݵģԼ˾
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ڴʮˣĲ˼Ůӣһ˴ӢۣȥˡϹҲһǿӲĿɽ⵱Ȼֵһġ
һĲ˼ѰټֱĲ˼㾫ƣߣҡڵĴǸĸߴģŮӼм䣬Ů֮䷢Щʲô£Ĳ˼Ͳö֪ˡ
ֻ˸ոͷ˵һ£ġүﾴηٻˡ
Ĳ˼һѯʣ֪顱ٻġ¹үɣ£Ĳ˼˱𼱻ǵĸ˹
ãûǼʱ㽫Ӵ˳


346 
ӺٺٵĸЦ̸ʵףǸŮӣǲҲͬؽһӶСңǹ·ڴϣ⻹кü˿ţ
ЦЦ㱻ǹ·
ӲĴɲԸģ̵ģ˵¶̵һӶǻ𡣡
ţҲҪĲ˼˶ʣֱӾͰѷһ˵˳
⵹Ӿͦ٣෴¶Ӿѻơ
ҪϹ£Լºִڻ˻ԼԼڴϣհԼ壬ƵԼһŮҿһԼ׼ŵĳǣȫ˷ѵˣЩҲͰˣŪʲôӣװߣҧԼһڣԼֱӾ˹ȥҪʲôƨٻ룬Щ¶ѻѡ
򵥵˵һ£ԼΣĲ࣬ûнǸŮӴΣȻ׼ܣǿͬǸ֮ԼϴŵǸľӵĲʲ࣬Ǳ㽫ľ˳
˭֪ľһŮһ˱㹧İͳ˼ţԣĲ˼ʱҡڵġ
ֻһ˵ЩҪǾЩˡ
˳ʵʲô֣
ЦЦĲ˼һۣ˵磬ɱ˵㲱ǿɫģ̥̥ǰٺ١ǰһϴʱҿûһ顣
ڲĨһѣϸûʲôɫĶɵŭӣң
̶㵽Ĳ˼Ц˵磬գкЩۣٺ٣Щۣ㲻˵Ҳˣң§ŮҿһȲѵ²飬ֲǼ˵ģֺαزҴţ˵ϴһ׷ġ
һҧгݵ˵ӣƻҸϴ֮꣬㿴ôʰ㡭
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һߣһߴԩôĲ˼綼Լˣ
һ˵ԩʲôԩ㿴ңҾģһԶ˵һףң˭Ҿǹ󣬺ٺ٣磬ǲҴţԩԩǾֻԼһ˲ˡ
Ĳ˼Խһֺ֪һһҸϴ֮꣬տ
磬𰡡һЦţһ߽е࣬Ҳ׷㱻󵽴Щ¾ˡ
Ӹ˵˵Ĳ˼ȴĬĬظ󣬼Ȳȥ֮ľҲΪʲôģʼղϽľгֻǣЩ˼
һӲ˵Цһ£Ǹô¹Ӹ˰飬һ֪ġ֮Ķһı͸˰飬ԼûôõĽɡ
˵£ҲЩص˵ҴǱ˽⵽ģǸӵˣȹ˵һΣĶȻҲͱΪǸǸŮļ˼ˣ̸ҼǵĿھǰ˵Ǽ䣬ҿǸŮҲǾôһ֮ģٲһЩѣܣҲӮһЩ𾴶ѡ
ȻӱǴ˺ڻ䵽㱻ĵزԸԼһҲԸ͵ӻǾãһģм֡塱
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Ǵҡڵģֱǰ·һֱ̱ӽ˴ӡ
ڲĬϵļǰɾۼŲٵˣǵУεŻʡལԼ°ߵǸŮӡ
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˵Ժ飬̾һﶼӳˣҪٲȥǳ²ɣڻҲ˵һ£Ѱֳıص飬Լʵûʱ룬һ͵ûȥ
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鲻ͷܲܲҪƽϴ£˶˵˺
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ȴ˵壬ʵ£ҪǴһģֻǳ⵵£ûü˵֪ȤûС
Ŷһû뵽Ҫ飬ȻԼйϵ΢˼Ƭ̣漴ʵһʲô¡
˿ǸߴŮӣЦЦ˵ʵ£Ҳ
û˵꣬Ĳ˼ʱһζ


347 Դ
ֻ˵Ļ⣬Ĳ˼綼ãݸɴףԼǳԵЩˡ
˵壬طһǹԭʯģһʮ֪ԸԸһ̽
ԭ֮ǰҪģȻϵ£ݸɴףĲ˼統ǳԵùˡ
طʯ̫Զһ֪ģ취ȥŪԭʯȴʵǱߵʯɲʲô˶ܹġ
ҪȻһƬʯĻˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ǰΪʱȣҲûϸ̸ȤĻǿһȥȥ
Ҳˣңµ⺭Ǻܹ㣬ΣҲ֮һԼԭϻأ⵱Ȼκ˶飬ȻԥĴӦȥ
ҪȥĵطľǰһֱȺŵǸߴŮӵļ
һ·ߣĲ˼˽˵Ů磬꣬үүϼһԶˣҲǻᡣ
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˵ߣ˳˻Զıһ˷ܵĽ硭硭
ͣ½ŲԼҪȥԴ飬ԭҪ֪ͨӵ˵ģֻڼ۶࣬һֱڡ
һ˻һ䣺أ
ȻӵǸ顣
һûûεĺǺЦ۾Ͳ˵ˣ磬ҿֵǮ
˵ţӴóһݵ
һӴСķԵЩֲڣƾֹ˵ֵʲôǮʵȴϼѵĲֵ̣Ǯˡ
ֻǾֵǮҲ˵׼
ǱȽУȻҲóӹûʲôֵԣԼ鱦ⷽľ飬ӹ˸ۡһϣᳬһʮ
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ǱĵĿһۣСǮ͸ֺǳҪ׬ǧ˰ģ㻹ȥҴȥ
ֺǺǵӣôһ˵ʱܻһǿСķŻصĵط˵磬ҷϲ£ɨˡ
˶٣һ˵ˣΣҿɵҪѻ˵ⶫǰС͸ҵļƷɲܰ˳Ķ롣
֪Ĳ˼֮Э飬ЦЦ˵ǳ룬ģ
ôʣȻֻǾʣ˳һ䡣
룬Ĳ˼˶ࡢҷǳءͬ˵Ȼһ˶ռˣҪͲǮ
Ĳ˼綼ô˵һȥҵļƷġҪϷ֣
ҡҡͷһͬʣҵĶҲһݣģȻҲҪһݣԲԣ
Ĳ˼ҲЦ˵ЭϲעˣڳڼĶ룬Ҷзݵģֻǰѣ䣬Ҳֻܰأһݶѡ
ӿһʱ֮ԶԣֻĬĬظżˣļȥ
ҵķݣڴӱߵĽҲӿ̾͸Ƕʯͷݡ
ݣĲ˼˲ŷ֣ļＫΪɾྲ置һƵ˼һǼﻹΧһһȾĸо
ָо˾Щ죬˵ȷƣҶҪ£ҵĹƣֻͨĳƣΣԲ󣬴ѣԣҲûʲôõĵġ
ľĽҵԺ裬һʮģ곤òŮˣˣʮضˮˮְȴһֽ̾ķ̡
һȺȻûһ˳̵ģİְֵݹ̣е˶ˣ˵ˣĶһ˵ǲƴǵģҪȻǾǿ˼ҡ
˽ֻ̣û˵İְҲ⣬ʾҺȲ衣
Ҳǰָ㣬豭İְ΢΢˾٣һڽĲһ¡
İְ˵ĺҲǺܶ࣬Ȼ⣬кŴŻͷȥ׼ˡ
֮İְֱֺӵľͶʵǶˣʲôûУ
ɻ˵ֻǰ֪ͨǼҪôÿǣã鷳ߵٽһ£ܹ˽øϸֱۡ
İְֺĵ˵ͷò̫Ϥĺ˵һиطҲһ󡭡
ӡһӵһʲôĸ
ǸǸ̡Ĵʡ
ѹӵö࿴һۣԭõģһ
ǰЩ꣬Ҳ̽ɹİְֶ˶٣˵Ϊ·ҲôߣûʲôΪңǸɵս֮УԣǸ󳡣Ѿˡ˵һ׵Щ䣬ӲСĻȥǸط
飬͸¶İְֵģƫƫİְ֪ôһطԣһļϡ
ǰĹ˺һ󣬲һڿˮʵǵطܲھȥ
İְֿ˿ɫ˵ͷ˵Թȥü
һ˵Էӣ죬Ƕˣɴ࣬͵ȳԷȥãһΣӻԸ¶һ֡
ҪģȻտİְũʱҲĬϵ˽ɽЩҰζɣȻɣͬҲտġ
οץ˼ֻɱ͡
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ӽóҰζɡʼ⣬гɱƬܹζңʡտʱ䡣
ܲ˵ӵһʱˣſʼտǹŨ˲ס¿ˮˡ
ƫƫһꡢԼЭ֮£ƬǩˣȻŵȥЩһԳһרעһʦڻʱᣬʱսݣҡͷԵģЩҷ緶
տĲ˼㱻ȴûΪ㣬ΪҲƣ㣬ҲйߵĶ˵Ǻ׽԰ɣ
صЦЦһЩ飬òҪҲ²⣬𵽴ȥ˵˵ҪȻӰ쵽ǽĻԴ˵һЩҪ鷳
Ĳ˼òҳһЩ֮һ˵Ĳ˼絹治˼ȥˡ


348 ص
տˣһҡĲ˼硢ˣݲݵĳ˷ɫ磬ҪȥǸ
ʵӲǺԶԼҲڲĬϵ˵ġɽ֮С
һ·ϵҪԲ˵ˣֲݴ֮УʱʱĻһϤϤ죬ƣһĶϣҲٲ˵ġ
İְǰ濪·һ·ϲʱһЩĩӦɶһЩܶҩۡ
İְֽ˵ɽģأĶϣһˣһηȴǰҪȻֻһССĿҲᱻɶʱˡ
Ĳ˼˾İְ˵ҲеֵǲһӶҪһ˵Ҳǲ׽
˵УΨһˣЦţ졣
һȺ˷һСɽ꣬ɽһСƽصĵطİְָͣƽرϣɽߵһۣ˵ǹɿڡ
ϸһ£ڵĵطȻ󣬸߿ףȴٲʮףϻɢһЩʯ飬ؿʮֻߣСڰСˣȷȴѾķ˶ꡣ
ϵãɢʯоЩǺģҲͬİְ˵Щʯ֮е䣬رֵǮָͷʵϼѵƷ֣룬ͱȲѾӵе䡣
ƣҲ˲⴦Ѿ˵Ŀԭ
˿ΧĵΣİְֽһ漴תͷ󳡣ûʲôͶʵļֵ
˺һ˵ʵֻǹӦһҵǲˣؼʵأҵ뷨ĻԴҲֻе͵ĿͻܷǼȶĲԣǱߣ֪ʲô뷨
Ƭ̣˵ʵҵ뷨Ҳ࣬ЩҪ˵Ķͻʵǲ࣬ģͬ󲿷ҲвߣȶĻԴȻ
˶٣ּ˵ܶռɿȷ֮ҪɣͬͶʣͬķֳɣɿһ׬СǮô
˼Ǿһ˳һͶʣȻϣҲǶһ壬ƽ֡
룬˵Ҫɣ壬˶ⷽľḻһЩʽ棬ҾͶɣھ棬ȫȨĻ
ǺǵĴЦЦ˺һ˵СֵܣЩԭҪ˵û뵽ȣǺǡҲգȻռȻҲͲö˵ˣãͰ˵ȥ졭
ֵİ׻ӣȻӲҪƣҲ˵ҪǮͶʣĲ˼Щ⡣
ŻȴһЦ˵Сֵܣ⻬ͷˣģǺǣ˦ƹ񣬵ȷв٣ǺǡͲмͷֽţ
Żôһ˵ӸĲ˼׹ԭĿֻΪҪһ˦ƹȷԸ񡪡ϵ鶨ˣҪȥ·ӣһֶˡ
˵ͷֽţһ죬ЦЦ˵ʲôˣ˵Ļ϶ĶӲֲ࣬Ƕ⣬мЩ֮£˵ҪŲ壬¶ôȥ
һǺǺǵЦ˰ΣȻ˵طۣȾڱһ벻ֹɣǵһͶʣֻһǧȻЧپǼ׷ͶʣֹСֵܣΡ
һǧĵһͶʣԼҪǮҲѣԤƵ࣬˵ʱ򣬾ûʲôԼҲֻǿ˼ѣ㲻ʲô¡
£˵ͷʾ޳ɣ£ҶԿ˵Ϊƾ׵
İְߣҪļǮߣһ򣬶ңʮ֮ڣӼۣг䣬ʵظߵͣһɽ˴
һ磬˴ʽ𽻸ȻСɽ壬ͭǡ
һһ˳Ȼ˺ЩΣգվضˡ
˼յ࣬һ磬˻صͭǣĲ˼ǵֱӹȥ᲻ô㣬һ£Ըؼң˳ӣʮӣڷ糾͵ĻصͭǱ·ıǰ
վڱſڣ̲סһпһ͵Ⱥſڵɣ裬ͷϵİ׷ֶ˿ɣϼ㲲ѣɣҲһ
һݣող£ɣͶѯ
˵ģȥͻò˼ģһȥѾǰˣԼ赣ĲѣҲʱʱ̶̿Ĳ¡
һţҶˣ⡰ã
ǵͨ죬ǲɣְ꣬ɣİԼһˣһ֮⡱˼ҲûУҪȻɣԸпܻ㵽һߣҲ˵Ĳǡ
ãһεǷǳ棬ҺİͣҲû취߳ǵڶͳ¶ã˻
һ˵Ȼǳ£ɣ衢ɣȲ׷ףɣϼֻĬĬؿĬĬӵĽ͡
˵Ϊʯ׷ɱֲ׹ӹȣɣһ϶ˣÿһ˶Ƿ߿ѡ
Щˣûˣ
ɣ꣬ʱߵǰ˺һƬ̣ŶؾһȻﺬỨɬ˵򣬶ԲˣԲ𡭡
ɣҲǴĶ˵ǻ˾ͺã˾ͺá
͵ҲӦס죬˵ˣ˭֪һһ˵ƺ֮ˮģϲһкǧԼ˱ȥϹҲ˵˳
˵£Ӳ˵ãһ˵ʱɣ궺ЦԭЩݵգ֪Ӹ߰ˡ
üɫ裬˵֮һֱһĬɣϼס¶һЦԭ㲵ɫɲ֮Ҳָ֡
ɣ֮ĽһЦ֮ȫʧɣϼԼһʱ䣬ô
ɣϼĻش˵ҲûʲôһҲͰ룬Ǵ֮Կԭڣòһ˿ţѡƷȴҲ˵ȱ
ûܹȥ׬ǮΪ¶۶ֱˣ˵Ҫȥ⵱۵ģҲˡ
Ĭһ˵ԼǱ߲һƷʵ䣬һҵһȶĻԴ
һƷʵ䣬ΪֹȴǴҪ˵ɵƷϻܣֻĥҪһβ̵ʱ䡣
ӣֻڿһʱ䡣


349 ׹
ɫ磬οɣϼɣꡢɣһԼˣһ극Ȼһȥ￴
ôǴҵӣҪ׬ǮҲͲ粻ˣҪȻ׬Ǯ⣬ҶȤ
ֻӱɣúܽ˼γȥ˵ˣҪúõ԰һ£Ҫȥﰲʲô£ӱ˦ƹҪС
Ӳȥɣϼ岻ʣֻһȥ䡣
ȥ⣬ţԼǲӿ˳Ȼ˱·°ĸ߷ڣһ·ͣͣŪЩڿų
쵽ԷʱطĲ˼ĳӣĲ˼翪ųӣҲȥ
Цһ£Ĳ˼磬ܾ׼ԼʱҪȥԣ͸˹
ͣѳ֮ͣ룬ڳеȫ˳ϸϸһʮ飬üʮ
ţ϶òˣ룬ɴȥ˸ط˼Ǯһֽ䣬صеװֽȻűֽ䣬Է
ûʲô⣬ʱһȲ裬óһ˿ꡣ
һ̧ͷһֽ䣬۳һæ²豭վֽ
һֽ仹ͦصģѡ
źֽ䣬źǺʵСһôȥôãЩĻ
ġšһŴʱЩ⣬ԻˣˣֻֽĶȰæܲ취
ۡŶһ㼴̶ȥֽ䡣
ֽһ̣۸Ǵ󾪡䣡
漴ֺЩʧЩʵϼѵ䲻ȴȫǸոиĴɳƷϻù˿ѡúܣû취ȼü֮
˵ͷ˵ϣ˼̵ܲʱ֮ڣЩɳƷ
ۿЦҡҡͷʵİ취ֻ·һί˼ӹӹѣЩ䣬ǺǣһҲҽ֣ʹ֣ǼǮҲһܹеġ
۵˼Ȼףʮ䣬ʵģأͨļӹʯ䣬»ǻе֣Ĳ˵ֻϣ˷ѵһ飬ǶǾ޴ʧͲֺиӹ˷ѣֱͽ޷ܡ
ԣۣڶ·Ҫô
̾һܼ򵥵Ļشһ֣
۵˼ҸһˣȻЩǮĽֳɵĻ
ֻһһ֮䣬ٲҪϴıǮ⻹һصǣʹǮԴһ⡣
ԴҪȥҡ
һ󣬾·ǺϺԼ⣬ί˼ӹʱֱ۱ô˵׬Ǯ⡣
Ȼô׬ǮãȰЩŵһߣƷԴ⣬Լ취ˣˣҲںٶ졣
˵ţһҸ¼һİɫװˡ
һ۸ˣɵ㶣һɲ֮䣬˿ֽ䣬˵ɫǹĪ
˿ˣæǰ˸кλ磬Ҫ룬Ҫ
鱦е⣬಻㡰Ҫ򡱻ǡҪĻʣģǽС롱鱦桰롱ؼң鱦濴ص˼ģСֵ˼
ϹʱĹأڵ˴಻ˣ鱦ҵ϶˵Сһ䡰ӭ١һ䡰ʲôҿ԰ﵽĵطĻ
ʦģҲҪϹأԣŵĿк
漴ЦЦĿ˻Ȼ˵Ҳ⣬Ȼԡ롯
ǾȿɣӸողſţﶼû룬Ҫ˵ۺǿ˵
ӣΪողŽ֣ĽûγɣԣϿյģⲻмֺᡣ
ЦЦֻڻɨһۣ漴ʵǰһֵϰɣأ
ЦЦλϰӵˣΪһЩ飬겻ˣǡ
˵˵ͷʾ⣬˵ҲûʲôõĶѡ񣬺Ǻǣϧˡ
⻰˼Ͼ˵Ļ٣ѡضûˣҪ⣬͸˵ˣȥ¼ҡ
в˵˼ĵһʱ䣬Ҳһˣ˼ҶҪģƫƫûʲô
ô˵ǱȽϿģкüΣ˼Ҷֻǿһ޼Ȼתͷˡ
ʦҲֻмΪεķݶ
ʱվЦЦǿ˵壬ܲһ£㡮롯ʲô͵
ͣҲΪӦµһѧͽѣĻҲǶһ١
۵ʦ޻˵أһѧͽʲô˵ġ
ʻò˻ǵЦЦ˵ҪҼֵڰϵ鱦Ǻǡ
΢һ£ֵ鱦ﲻȱȻϰĶҪŬù˿ͷģġ
û˵꣬˴Ļͷһ⣺ʲôûУܹù˿ͷģأܲ˵ȽǮȻû԰ɣ
룬˵ͷ˵壬˵һ룬ǹûȽǮǾˡ
˶٣˵Ҫ鱦ģպһֻҪʽǾͿڼ֮ཫ͵ϣңΪ⣬͸Ǯ⣬ҲʲôʧҪŬķҲǷ˿͵ּ
ôһ˵˴˴漴ʵ˭ôϰ֪𣿡
ЦЦȴϽһԽ˵λ磬λСֵܣϰ塭
ϰ塭һȣڹдġϰ塱ɴûһǶʮ궼ĻëСӣ˵һ
ϰʲôģֻʦ̧١ǫѷЦЦ˵
һȣ漴תһ˷ܣ֣˵൱
˵ͷЦʵ壬ҵΣ
˼ֱѧͽ˾»û𻰣Լ˰ɳ£Ц˵˵һλҵţǺǡһȻͬ졣


350 ɱΪ
һ죬ԼҲһողųĳʲôͬ죬ҵţ⵹˸߿Լ
˼䣬˵Ķԣԭϰˡ
ΪͶѾãֱӽĸ綼ɣȡ֡
Ե˲裬ݸģģĸҪһʲô鱦߾ܹȱ𴦵ļǮøصרŶĸҪҪǿǣ
˰Σ˵ʵ˵ҵȷҪ
һ˵ҪģǼֻһȤһЩ˵ĸ磬ŵùĻҲ˵ʵģҸ˵ڽ֮ڣƷֵη棬ܹѡأκһңĸҪʲôĿʽֻҪĸ翴˲ʣѰ쵽
˵ͷۿģЩ䣬֡أȫϼѣһ㣬ῴ
ΪǴٵĻҪôͲɽһЩʯƤҪôһ䶼¶ң˵˭Ҳû취ĴģҲ˵룬žԿɿı֤˵ʽ⻹úҪ
һ˵Сֵܣһ飬ҪʵصģʽҪȽӱһιҼģԵĻҡ
˵ͷֻֽӰᵽ輸ϣȻ˵ĸ磬㿴涼ǸոսĴϣƷʾб֤ģңĸ绹ѡһɫ󡣡
ô˵ΪһϣֵزһɫҲͬȻҪһҪʵģ׮ҲǲС
ȻǴͻȻҪͻҪ
Щ䲻ģһ㣬еףһȷˣиؼ⡪۸
ЩƷʲһ۸ȻҲиеͣңⷽļǮʮϰĽԣڼǮ棬ҪܺõĿһ¡
ЦЦԼһ䣬ҲǴ׬ģֻҪ׬Щ䣬飬΢ôһ㣬Ҳνˡ
¶һĨϲɫ¼һ齫һصˮءɫ䣬Ͽ
ʵظãֵߵ䣬һ¶ĺĺ䣬Ŀľ̲סҪΪС
ǸѡģҲֻˮһεĲʣЩҪ˵ǿ䣬ֻǼ֣Ǽֵ̫ߣû취Ⱦָ
һ㣬֪֮ġ
ڵ飬һ䣬ֵѾܹǧˣң⻹ǾӣҪȥӹɳƷֵҲһ
ԣ̽̽Ŀʵص䣬ҪһӣһָֻԼʲôλ
̸ǮһͲûӴ۸ҲֻˮοмҪеĲҲϤԣ̸Ǯͽ
ҲƴǣɿؼһֵԼҪƷѡӹѵȵȷã¾ͱһǧĳƷۡ
ʵϣҪĳƷȫһĻ۸Ҳȷǧǧ֮䡣
˵ǮҲ˵˵ͰѼǮиûãеˣȻǿԼԣ۵ıۣȷǹļ۸
ЦЦȻ±ļһ׮ˣЦЦ˵ĸ磬ӿųڼ䣬۸ϣǻŻݡ
һϲϽʵôŻݷ
۱۸һֻ˽ȥղʹãǾͲ˵ˣ׷ǧĳɱԼӲĻҲмʮ򽫽ϰռ䡣
⵹߹ƴ󣬱ϾûֻӦǧ⣬һëΣһͷ˼ң⣬Ҳ
ԣ۾Ԥ˽һռ䣬
صģҲǡǡһ㣬ʵĲʣרŶƵĿʽĸʽһռ䣬һĶѡ
˵ŻݣǴϲôԼĶܵõŻݣǸֵýܵľϲ
۾е˲ˣҪԼҪʣҲҪȥ
ռ۶ѾóһˣȴҪŻݣԼߵ΢ÿˡ
鱦һУ겻ţų꣬⻰Ȼ˵еţʵҲǣͶʽȥõ΢ǾͲ粻ˣϾǶǧĳɱȥ⣬Ȳײһ
ԣҪŻݣΪǲˣŻݣϾûʲôͼ
ȴ룬˵ĸǳɽʱǻԷֵķʽּϰ˻ֽԼڰٷ֮嵽ٷ֮һ֮䡣
һظ״һʮʮռ䣬ãȻˬĪ
룬ڵ⣬ĸһ׮Ҫ˵ϰ󣬿½ֻмʮҲᱻͷѪһȻȴоֿ̡
⣬˸оʡˬ졣
ԣ̬⣬ңʾԺͬʽϸڼ¼Ժַڱ䶯
ȻʽϣԤṩʮֿΪ
ʱϣҲ˵ˣΪǶƣʮʮ֮ٽ
Ľ׺ֳͬɵģ־ͰչظǩԤͬҲǩ֣Ȼǽ֮顣
ʱ׮⣬ϾѾ̸ף飬ҪȥҿơӹĵطɳƷȻ󽻸׮ɡ
֮ѡеǿ䣬̲סһ䣺䣬ֻгһǧҲһõСʲôģ
һǧ벻ĶûɱԲͣھ˵ȥҪЩƷʣϣɳƷĻֵҲ벻ᳬһǧ򣬶ңë룬޳ַõĻʣѾϣ
룬һ˵ɱ˵㣡
ȥģϾֻصĳ÷ãɱԭʯгǸϰСϾ׬˻
οؼǵãе䣬ԭʯгëϱ۲ʮҲ˵ʮĳɱȥƾһ׮⣬ʮĳɱڲõһʱ֮ڣܷϺü
Ҳ˵ڣһֵλüǮǴ׬
һ㣬ǲ˵۴С֣Ҫѡ
ԣֻǵĴ壬ЩȻҪһЩãҿԿ϶˵ǵѾ㹻ˣԣ岻Ҫĳɱ⡣


351 
ɫ˺þã΢΢̾һ
˵壬иôͷмĵϸӦǺ԰ɣ
۳Բ׼˼ʵСָĸ棿
Ǽӹⷽ飬ҺЩͷʹҪȫȨ¸𵽵ףô˸Ҫ·ӵЩ̸ۡ
Ϊⷽľ顣
۳Ƭ̣׹Ҫӣ̵úãһʱûʲô⣬ţҲż
ܳʲôԭ˼Ǵ۵ʦôߵнƸԼʲôҵܵ˵۶ܲ⡣
̸ۣȻ鷳һЩҲ̹٣۾Լ㻹п֮ǰװ׵нꡣ
һڲ裬˵壬ҾĿͻҪиߵͻǵһ׮⣬ͻͬȵεĿͻ棬ǰ΢ѹõ΢һЩӦòǻ¡
룬˵˵ȷҪǵģǻԴɱ˼׬ǮһεĿͻϣٵͶ˵ģռ䲻ٸһЩεģûԴԡ
ô˵۾ܾãҪã׬ȡ󣬾ֻĹ˿ϣε⣬׬ȡ΢ķ棬Ͼûʲôͼˡ
ЦЦ˵ЩҲֻԼĿҲֻǻεĻԼ˵ɱѣ۵˼άȻһ
ԣ۵Ŀг룬ҲΪ⣬վĽǶȲͬķʽͬҲ޿ɺǡ
ңܱΨΨŵŵԼô˵ôȥĺãԼһУϾŸոţھϻʧǶԼǧ˳ΨΨŵŵˣЩˡ
Ц֮ټ⣬ת˵壬м£Ҫһ£ǻԴⷽ顭
һΣҵһȽ׵ĻԴڲ֮󣬾ͻԴԴ͹Ҳͷʹ֮һ
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һ˳ȥЩʲô
۳ԾѣЦЦ˵һǳȥ壬ҵһ˾;ϻǴǺǣĻԴǾͲȱˣǹëϻߴϣͬѸٿݵıɻ̵ĳƱԣ£ĺͷʹ
۾˰ΣŻ˵ʵƼӹãռ˺ܴһֱСӦ֪ģֻëϡߴ⣬Ȼɲ٣ܹ׬ȡҲ൱΢
ܹԼԭϼӹأγɹһĲҵƣǡ
˵ͣ˻ͷԭϵĹӦ飬˵ˣ˺ϻһԴȻóˣ棬ͳһ⣬һ棬Ҫļ豸Աءʽ𡭡ȵһУ˵ֻһ㡱
һжҪӡ㡱Ǻεȼѵ顣
ٺٵЦһֲ˵ԣ飬ʵͷʹѣҪڸĸڼ䣬˳Ҹո˵Ҳһ£ô
һӸۣ
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Ҫһ㣬ҲһֱţҲż飬Լϵ֮ܲԩԼ͵͵˻ӣԣһֱҪҸ֤ԼԩģǰǸϰ飡
ڣȻԼһᣬܰЩãͲö˵֤һˡ
Щʹ£Ȼˬˬİµӣ
ҪӵԼĲҵ˵ʽֻΣǼ˲ţӹҪʦҪСһõʦƳĲƷܹ޶ȵļ˷ԭϣһܹòƷ׹ģ
ƳĲƷ˷ѹԭϣڱֱóӹͻֱӴɱ
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˭۴۵Ǹ壬ȻͻһǷɴĵǣ
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̾һǸԼ۵壬ջû֪ô£۲һ˿ź
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£˵һԷһڹϻε
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ҪҵһȽϿɿĻԴأһ˳֮Уһ߰š
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Ĳ˼кˣĲ˼
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һʱ䣬һֱĲ˼һͻȻ֮ԭĲ˼糤һһĲ˼ӣһ
ʲôԭĲ˼Ҳøɣϼһ㲲ѣ
תЩĲ˼Ŀ˺һżɬ˵üˡ
عʵҡҪҸæɣٺ١Ϊ飬ǾͶԲˣںææͲһ˱˳ȥæء
Ĳ˼ٴԹһ԰׵Щ̬΢΢һ˿ѪɫͳôҪ㡭ҪȻ˵طһ١
ҲЦЦ˵ָһУٺ٣ҴӦ裬Ҫȥǳġ
衭Ĳ˼֪ǰȻʵ裬˭
Щᡣ
ɣɣ裬˳Ȼ顣
һסƣ˵˵գʲô£ҿ˵ðҪҪһģҿûôʱ䡣
Ĳ˼΢΢һ£˵
˵ţĲ˼תͣǱȥҲǴڹϹһȻͻȥĲ˼ҪȥķԼҲҪߵģĸĲ˼
˳֮УĲ˼ݲѣӣں̲ס̾һ
һΣĲ˼عͷȻ˵æȥæɣԲҡ
Ĳ˼Ҳǵģ˵ô⼸·ֱˡ
ȥĲ˼ҪԼ˵ʲô£ȻԼĲǧ˿ƵĹϵԼָĲ˼Ĳ˼ҪԼ˵ʲôʹԼȥҲܲĲ˼˵
˶٣üͷ˵Ͳˬһĺæ
һ̣Ĳ˼ȻȦһ죬ͻȻһһҧŤͷߣһߣһ߲סĲᡣ
ӣģҲ֪ô£ǰԼкøеԼǰˡ
Ĳ˼ɫãɵеģĲ˼鼫ǲãܵʲô⡣
ԥ˺һֻøĲ˼Է⡣
˹֣ͣʱƳһ۳ӣȻĲ˼ĳҲͣԼĳԱߡ
ȥĲ˼ûڣһգۼ䣬׹һʱ䣬Ĳ˼粻ڼңӦþĲ˼
һ뵽Ĳ˼ӻһ⾫״̬ҪѰ·
ƫƫĲ˼ֱߵĲ˼ĳӱϣ򿪳ţҪӡ
飬ҪڣҲû취ȻˣֳҪУ٣
ϽǰƵĲ˼ߣĲ˼˵Ҫȥ㣿
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ӣյôЩŮӣһԣ¶˵¶ɰͷǵҪϳ
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Ĳ˼ʲôҲ˵ֻĬĬᣬеջ𣬾ǹʲô˵˼Ҳ֪㵽ҪʲôҪôһᣬ֪ʲô
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мСҲΧ˹һƣ⼸һǰһӢ۾Ĳˡ
Ĳ˼˵ؼңⱾеƣ⼸С£¸Ʋѡ
±ĵʻûĴʲôô£ѣ鲻ãؼңûżλ°ɡ
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Ͼڹ컯֮£ôһССĸͷǿŮ˵ӣҲåƦ֮ˡ
˵˼ѣҺԵҲóĲ˼ȷ鲻ãΪһкӣҪͻؼңҲ޿ɺǡ
һ˵Ǵµ˶㲻ٹµģһֱϿڵĲ˼ʱȻһץåץå
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һҲ㲻̫ùһأһ˫űһһ֣Ȼûô˵һֻŵʹڶȻ֮䣬ͱϣʹһһӵڵϣŽſ
ϾȥһһתǰһͣһȭͷˣֱӴԼؿϡ
ڴؿɲǣһƺꡱһ΢죬ƺԼһȭعǶˣԲŻһѵ
һһգ֮䣬ʱֻȭͷȥҲǰǸһҺ
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ֻ׿Щ֮ǰûǰһδȺ˶һȭ
ЩһҪҧչ׳ȥ֮ǰչǶһȭЩ˶Ҫؼʮµġ
ȻҲͬڴȺܣǶһˣȻЩˡ
ǸµˣеջˣһﲻһصҪŵԼ
ȻǳһģףͶ֣˺ջ


353 Ѷ
ͬһ̹ˣɱǿ潻棬Ǹ̹ȥƴɱƴһ㣬˸âͲ棬΢任һƣֱܹӰ˷ŵģȴ׾ٵĶ˿ȥ
˵ûϣⲻ˸кܴĲ࣬˵¿ɱȲǰǴδȺܣδȺܣһнͷ˵Щ˱ǺõģΪάĲ˼֮Զֻ֣ԼǸåѡ
оǣҲҧҪ֪ϵ˫ףҪǲӿƵİӳЩ˻ֶϹۡ
ΪһᣬΪĲ˼ҲûҪ˼ҴУصһȻ˲ٵ顣
ǡǡҲΪ±ĵˣӣȻǿó㣬в֮£һݣӲӲȴչζ
ʱһҪӢ۾ˣҲǰĵˣߣʹˮǴ˵
Ҫˮȴϰһͷʨӣ˭ȥǡ
ԣʱΧ۵ҲãǰץסӳȥҲãֻԶԶվţסϢעųϾʣǸ򡢴űĵˣζ
һʼΪԵǷȱϱ£ǺȧϣԳһ࣬ܿ׹Լ㣬ڰһȭ֮󣬱˷ʽһмһ˵һI8ϣ󱳿ڳϡ
һǴĵ˵Դܵơ
Σ˼ҵĳӣǲܵȥģһСģ˼ҵĲŪˡƤŪʲôģǾͲֻǡ֡ʰåⷽˣԣĵ˵ζսʱʧȥң˷ָһСģ˵˼ҵĳӡ
ʱչֽţҾܣ硣
Ǵĵˣȴһֻ̰Եèƫƫȴ˻һȴ޴¿ڡ
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ĵ֪ϵӲӲֻҪһָǴĵˣ伫Ϊٵת
ǣűϣֲӣһֻҪָʲôطĴҪöࡣ
ͣػ֣˾ֻܲͣɽŲһʱ֮䣬˾ȻһΪľżָţҲͣıı
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˱һͻȻ֮Ҳʶһ㣬ºԶԶ뿪ֵֻΧ
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մЩطˣԼἸ֡򡱣ǻѪһ⣬Ҫ·ƽεʵûĸ֣ģĲ˼硢ѩ֮ĸ֣飬Բɵ֡
ƾʢϲֶŵģʵҲģӡ
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Ҳ˸о˵ʵ˼ʵҲֻĬĬĿĲ˼ˡ
øҳʵҲ˵죬ԼҸʲôϵ
˵ţߵĲ˼ǰסĲ˼֣˵˵ʲôϵ
סԼ֣Ĳ˼һѵÿ
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Ҫ˵ϵĲ˼ǲÿˣǰͬѧϲԼѧˣԼҲ䵭˵ĹϵȴֺѶһξˣǣƫƫԼүүȴ֡
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˵ţͷҲأԼĳӣӣһˡ
Ĳ˼֣ҲɲĲ˼ϵֱӴĲ˼﷭ԿףȻ򿪳ţȻİĲ˼ӡ˳ӵĺϡ
Ĳ˼Ĵ³һںϣĬȻ
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ҪֱӰĲ˼ͻȥĲ˼һΣ˵Ĳ˼ҳߵģ϶ģҲֱӻؼҡ
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Ĳ˼ɰںϣƣֱѳӿĳ⡣
ͣóӣ򿪳ţĲ˼ӣȲҲöһӣֱһ㰮զզ̬ȡ
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һҧͦݣһգۣһʺѪҺ˳Ĳ˼˳
ֻǣѪȴģһֱ˫ƤһףĲ˼ҧϣûʲôоĲ˼ΪͣҧԼ촽ԣ촽ϵѪ˳Ĳ˼ǣ
Լҧһڣ㷴ӦҲûУüͷûһ壬Ĳ˼Լ촽ϵʹ̼˵һʧ
˺һĲ˼ŷſ֣Ȼһ˫ӵĿ


354 жĥ
ǰĲ˼ҧʱӦҲûУĲ˼ȴüͷ
ϧĲ˼Щͷ󣬾Ĳ˼ιΪ˷ΰ飬ҪæԼĲǧ˿ƵĹϵķϣҲܼһЩʱȥĲ˼
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ץĲ˼üΣĲ˼ȥƫƫвҸ̫׵֣΢õôЩ¾ͻĲ˼һЩ˺
Ĳ˼ڳﲻյ̰ͻؼȥ
Ĳ˼̧ͷһȪӿȴ
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ҪֱĲ˼ؼңĲ˼ֲϣԼȥϢһ£Ĳ˼ǲϣ֪Ĳ˼Ҫڸɶ
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˵գתȥ򿪱䣬ϳһ޴򿪣Ȼŵ輸ϣĲ˼һϣȴţԼϵ˴
һñϵʹһ߲ס˻˻Ǹ±ĵˣֻĺݣǰһãڣЩʹ
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˺һŷϹӣȻڿ﷭һ£óһֻ׼绰ֻһֻȴûˣ룬¥ϻһ绰׼¥ȥֻ˼ȴֻͷĲ˼˵ʹ𶯣ҪȻôʰ㣿
Ĳ˼ҵ绰Ȼ֪ҪʲôĴУȥ绰
Ĳ˼ĲңһλСܽסģĲԶɽֻĲ˼ˡ
Լȷ绰֪ͨĲԶɽĲ˼磬λĲСԼңźĲԶɽĲ˼ϽĹλСŪߣԼͷʹȥ
Ĳ˼Ҫģֱͱ˻ҪֲĴ
Ĳ˼ȿ־ɫ̾һ˵Ҵ绰Ҳãڣȥϴ裬Ȼúõȥ˯һʲôµĻͽңҾڿ
Ĳ˼Ȼ밴Ҫȥ
Ĳ˼һԸǵӣյҵ޶ȵģð˵ȥҪȻߺߣκεĺԼҵġ
һֱɫĲ˼˸䣬ϽվĬĬ˼漴תͷʵϴʲôط
ֱߣȻգɣϼõģʲôСûĴ
йŮһңҲͰˣɲй֮ӣοԼڶĲ˼оҲûˣԣܱģҪ⡣
Ĳ˼ɣϼרõϴ棬ʲôУҲǱĲ˼ϴʱŪʲô𲻱Ҫᡣ
Ĳ˼˼ĬĬذ˵ģȥϴ档
Ĳ˼ϴ䣬ص̾һصɳϣЩңϾҪǵ̫ˡ
ϵ飬Ȼոһ׮⣬ĳƷԴûȷǲ٣м˻ֱӹЩأĳƷԴûӸϽ⡣
Ĳ˼飬ԼҲУҪ˵ԼĲ˿˿ƵĹϵĲ˼ֻͨͬѧѣԼܲܡ
ɣϼǱߣȻԼոջЩĻû˵ɣϼӣԼҲҪúõĿǿôȥŲ鷳
Щһʱ֮䶼û취飬̾һ
ǰԼûǮǼľ̸ܾۣԼһֱҪͼչòԼЩǮΪῪҲԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽԽ
˼ţҲ֪˶ãع˿ʱ䣬ѾһСʱĲ˼Ȼû
Ĳ˼Ҫϴ裬Ҫױױþˣ໯һױҪһСʱ̹ġ
Ĳ˼ڻױûҲпԭԣҲ̫⡣


355 ǡ
ٿ˺һ֮Ĳ˼ɻû
ͻȻ뵽һ⡪Ĳ˼ϴﻯױҲѾȥȥ˽СʱĲ˼ױҲӦý˰ɡ
һ뵽һ̾վҴҵĳϴȥ
⣬ϸһ£滹лˮ죬Ӧˮͷˮ
Ƭ̣ˮȴûʲô仯Ҳ˵ˮػǿŵģĲ˼ûϴ裡
ЩԾһСʱˣˮһֱţĲ˼أĲ˼ûϴ裬ڸʲô
һԥŽһĲ˼Ȼ־۾ϸ졣
ǣˮУֻһ˿΢Ƕ϶ĺ
һ飬϶ð亹ˣĲ˼Լϴɱ
֮£һţһƵ÷˳ȥ
űƿˣȻ˵һĻ
Ĳ˼ڵϣһѪ˳ܿͱˮϴɾֱӵǣĲ˼ƺǸող׼ϴ裬ʲôûд
ŹĲ˼һ˲֮䣬ֻһƬհס
˺þãѹһԼʲôʱˣĽҪͷԼЩ顣
Ҫ
˲࣬ߵĲ˼߶ȥŬԼĿĲ˼ϲÿЩطתƵĲ˼ϣȻָĲ˼ĲӴ̽̽
ԾǣĲ˼ͦģȻǺǿƽ˿Ҳû˥ߵס
Ĳ˼ıϢĲ˼ıϢͬҲУͬ滺а
͹ˣؽһԼʲôطŪˣʲôǺúõģĲ˼ôȥҶͷϻ˿ڣ
ֻĿ֮ʣһӿǽϵһۣ˳Żۣ˽ĵȴһ顣
һ飬ٴΰһ⡭
һЩʱ׹Ĳ˼ӦǺúõģԼļ֪䣬ʮֵһţȻƷ˳ײĲ˼Ķͷϡ
Һãⱻƻ˵ǽϻȥ˲ٵҪֱײĲ˼ϣ֪ʲôĺ
Ĳ˼˵ԭҵˣ˼ǣʲôԭĲ˼ϴôõʱ䣬Լļѡ
ʱǹ˲ȥ̽ЩˣһѹӵĲ˼
زȻҪٶҽԺˡ
ԣû룬Ĳ˼֮䣬㵽˿棬ţҪʲôĲ˼ȻźҽԺ
룬ԭ˹ȥĲ˼¡ֽϴˮһֹһһ˹
۾ȴԼԼͲ˵ˣȫأ
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼ּŭһ̧֣žһϳһǶ⡣
Щ£ϽȥԼֻһĲ˼㡰ͨһˤڵϣֱˤιȥ
Ĳ˼ˤڵϣһűԼһǶһֱĿԼ߷֮£Ͻ˫ȣһŶڵϣƴֺͽţסԼϵЩҪλ漴
عһ߱۾һҪʲôʱ򣬽ʲôԵô԰
Ȼӿֻŵǣʱ򣬿űƿһԴ˽
ˣȴǡǡʱġĲ˼磡
Ĳ˼˿һۿģڵϣԴ֮䣬סĲ˼ȻѾɵɵ
ȻĲ˼һûϳȫ֬һ㣬ӣڵϵĲ˼һ֪ǸŮӡ
һӵŮڿɣڡӡɩЩˣĲ˼ʱ˵
Ҳ˵ǧȷĿԿ϶ĵȷȷֻǸӵŮ
һɲǼ䣬Ĳ˼罩סˣֻҷ׷׵ģָͷ
ûˣ
ǰԼָоԼĺܶĶ£ҪԼײ־Բ˵
ζӳ֮£Ĳ˼̲סᣬ˶촽ȴֻֽǽһ滹ʲôģĲ˼Ҳ˵ˡ
Ĳ˼ڵϣһĲ˼кһʱҲŵЩɵˣȲҶҲҿޣڵϣһʯܳĵ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ĽкҲͬʯһ㣬վȶˣҲ˵
Ĳ˼һ֮󣬶ʱһƬžһļžˣʯһ㣬˵ú΢
ãĲ˼Żعϣ˶촽ɬ˵·Ͻ߰ɣǰˡ
ǡĲ˼ָģȻɣڡӡӶɩˣԼǰˣҲͲ˵ˣ˿ں㣬Ĳ˼粻˵飬ǰҲ¶
˼硭㡭ҡ𡭡һڿˮò״Ｗ⼸֡
Ĳ˼粻ߵɳϣֳһɳֲӵڵϵĲ˼ϣȵ
ɬĽһ˼磬Ҫ
áĲ˼һۣðܻ⣬ŭ㲻Ҫǰɣãܺãߡ
˵ţĲ˼תӣſȥֻĲ˼ֻعͷ¥ȥⶰĲ˼绹һЩҪߣĲ˼ĶȻһߣߵøɾ
ǣĲ˼¥ݣȴֻعĲ˼ҪŮˣʲôӵġ
ŲסתĲ˼磬֪Ĳ˼ˣˣʲô鶼ûͷ
ԸԼһʱǧҲãһãʲôȫˡ
£һڣ̤ǰסĲ˼磬ú͵˵˼磬ҵĻҽͣģ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷĴҪ㣬ʲôţҲûҪҽʲôֲʲôˣ˵󣬺ߺߣһЩʲô
Ĳ˼ƽҲƽ棬Կóµ龰Ѿ˵Ĳ˼ģңѾĲ˼ˡ
벻һˣ
ڻʲô˵ģѵҪԼţһᡣ
˵ͷضĲ˼۾˵ȷǸᣬǿ˵ģҰ˵ҪȻ㡢ҡ˶Ϊڵһ̣һӡ
Ĳ˼硰ǺǡЦ˼˵ðҾͺһӣ˵Щƭҡ
Ĳ˼һζԼģŬԼƽţźƽ͵˵鲻ֻǹϵҵϵĲҵǷǳصһ飬侲úõĿһ£ʲô鶼Ǹˡ
ǺǡĲ˼ЦЦ˵Ĳ˼еöûĲ飬Ҳңòңһ㣬ǰѵķϣһҸ棬ϵ飬üһЩܶ˾Ϊδ
ϴѵǡ̾һ
أĲ˼Լһζģƫƫ飬ԲԸ⵱Ĳ˼棬ȽҿĲ˼ݡ
ڵϵĲ˼ɳֲϣס¶ӣȴɲվĲ˼硣
ƽĲ˼㣬Ĳ˼úǿϣĲ˼һֱǺ£ǿ־壬Ҳҡ
ʱĲ˼վ߱Ĳ˼磬ڵĶ㵽¥ȥʲôط»Ҳôȥˡ
ƫƫĲ˼ڿ־֮£վҲûˣģһɳֲͷԽԼסڵϡ


356 ôճ
һ£ҪòĲҵвң׵ҼöˣߺߣԺҲٽҡϴˣҶˣ
ʱĲ˼練ûᣬɫҲøǰһ
ӡŴˡ򻯶ġϴ֣˵Ĳ˼ĶߣһתۣŪزĲ˼粻ɫñ䣬Ѿ»ԾǿģҲһεĳȥ
ϣȻûһǿסģ
΢һŬ͵ϴܲԭңûϵˣ͵ҽԺȥ
𣿡Ĳ˼˵ҪҪҰæ
Ĳ˼ʣǻȴżȵĳŮˣԼʲô£˵ˡˣôҪ˲źء
̾һûڣĲ˼ڵϣ˵ҪȥҽԺ̴һҪҲҪȥҽԺ
ɳľȻԡȥҽԺ⼸֣żȵС־塣
ֻĲ˼һУĲ˼ʱסˣһűϣʱԳһ˿ã漴һƬߺ죬̶һɷŭ
ԼãĲ˼ոԼڼĲ˼˵仰Ĳ˼绹ǵĲ˼˵ȻĲ˼øŤȴ޷ıġ
ڹ컯֮£ȻңȻǸԼã
˵ȾģǱŮӣĲ˼ҲǿǿĽʵ࣬ڿΪ֮֮Ͼϵ
Ĳ˼粻ɫ䣬ͻȻ֮䣬ҲһƬհףһ˲䣬Ĳ˼˼㣬һֱϵȥ
Ĳ˼֪ŮֻĲ˼֮󣬾ԻһЩķӦû뵽Ĳ˼һιȥ
ҺĲ˼ȽϽһֽĲ˼ס΢һ£§Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼ʱŵɳϣȻתͷЩŭĶĲ˼ǶϽȥ·ϡ
ҪǳĲ˼ģʱ򣬺Ĳ˼ȻǰôҲûˡ
Ĳ˼ƺԼϣֻһɳֲӣȻܼˣ߼֮£ĥĥվߵϴȥԼ·
ߣĲ˼ѣ˺һŻعĲ˼ֻʵڶµûţһſڣҪ˳˳û뵽һѪȴ˳
Ĳ˼Ѫһ˻ţڿɺˣĲ˼ͷˣڵϲĲ˼˹ȥһֶ˵Ůˣǣ
Ĳ˼һѪ̧ͷã૵˵ôôô
̾һĲ˼˵˼磬ţô룬Ҹ׵ģģֻһᣬᡣ
ҪĲ˼һ㣬ܹҲ䵽زڣĲ˼Ѿ֪ŮӾĲ˼Ҳûʲôüȥˡ
£ҲĲ˼ǲǲýȥһһһʮȫ˵˳
Ĳ˼¹Ѫ֮ǻ㱣Ҳ֪ȥ˶٣ֻǴģǲȻĿ
֮Ĳ˼ҡҡλεվ˵Ҫؼңҡ
ҡҡͷĲ˼ҪȥʲôԲܺʣʲô飬ȥӰĲ˼жϣãĲ˼ܹúõϢֱ
ԼȥĲ˼ɬһЦ漴棬Ĳ˼еΣҲûκ˵
˵ϵĲҵԼҪ㴰ֽͱƣڣǲ˵Ĳ˼˼ȫףĲ˼綼ԼԼˡ
ƫƫʱĲ˼Ȼȹ˹˹˳
һĲ˼Ĳ˼ðܵĻ⣬Ĳ˼ҧȵҹ
㡭Ĳ˼һ־ĿĲ˼磬һ㣬͵͵Ľһ
һĲ˼Ļ⣬ϽĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ɳϣȻĲ˼˵ϴ侲㡭
Ĳ˼翴˿תͷĲ˼Ƭ̣źᣬɬһЦãúãҿôճ
㡭Ĳ˼Ҳ棬˺һ˵㣬Ǳԩģġ
ʱĲ˼ȷҪ˵ȥϴˮ裬Ȼȥ˯һԼ飬Ĳ˼ˣӦүүҪ
ֻĲ˼ϴҵȣϴˮ˺ܾöǱģò׵ȵϴˮˣҲ֪ô£ͻȻ֮Լͱʲôһ£Լ˹ȥ˵ţĲ˼ָָԼͷϣͷϵ˿ڣȻѾѪˣʾĲ˼ʱȷпǱˡ
Ӧ˵ȷԼ
ȻĲ˼˵ģǰ˵ģܹǺϣĲ˼翴Ӧþô򵥡
ĲԶɽΪ⽫Ĳ˼Ѿһͱǲ㴰ֽܡ
Ĳ˼翴Ĳ˼߶Ҳǡ˼Ĳ˼ҲͲ˵ʲôˣĲ˼ʲôǡĲҵ߶пԭϾĲ˼ˣĲڲѾĬ˵֡ϵ
׿Ĳ˼ľ᲻˵Ĳ˼Ȼֱָ֤Ĳ˼ڷŭֶ֮࣬һ𾪣ẦĲ˼
侲ϸ룬ԸĲ˼Ҳм˽⣬ȥ캦Υ£ûпܣοԼһ𣬸ողŻأҪݺĲ˼̫ܰ
Ĳ˼ǰְҵϰߣԼʱǡôڡ֮ǰ˵Ҳкüֿܵġ̡ҲĲ˼ǰͳһ˿ھĲ˼ǰҲ֮֡ǰпܵġ̡֮һ
ģҲһֱ³ЩŮˣһʹСŷ˼ĲĲ˼ɣԼæģͣһüԼһ٣ڣһգۣ˵Լں
£ûܹµóĲ˼˵Щʲô
εĻҲû뵽Ĳ˼˵һʱ֮䣬ǱߣʲôҲ˵
Ĳ˼翴˿ҲĲ˼˵Щһ̬ȶԴ飬£Ĳ˼˵˼˵˵ҡүүְ֡裬ǶؾɵˣȻ飬ֻҪĸԸģҲû㡭
Ĳ˼翴ġ֮ǰĲ˼Ƿֻǰ˵ǸֻһᣬĲ˼ǡĸԸģϣ˵ùȥϾĵλѾĲҴ󲿷ĬϣֻҪĲ˼ĸԸҲֻ˵Ĳ˼ǰжˣ飬˵Ҳþʲôϡ飬Ĳ˼ĵģĲҵȵ飬Ҳܹɵڹȥ
ڣĲ˼Ȼ˵Ǳģ
ƫƫʱĲ˼Ҳ֪Ģ́ͷĲ˼磬˵СѧϰҺãʲô鶼㣬Ҳֻ۰һˣأʲôԶֻӰ֮¡


357 в
Ĳ˼Ĩһᣬ˶٣˵ǶǺ㣬ҲҪҸãҾĸԸĸЩ֮£޸Ҳᣬߺߣһ䵽زһжģȫȫءҡ
Ĳ˼һ߿ޣһ˵ұѡԼҪߵ·ģǺҡء£˵ǰɣǺãҪ
˼Ĳ˼ŭ㡭㡭Ĳҵʲô
Ĳ˼һ߿һ˵ҽһ㣬ҲȥҲȥҲˣҲҪƾʲôҪ¶˳㡭ǰĲҵȷҪҲһֱѹңأҵõʲôһôûһԼûһ˳ӹҵ˼ҪҼ޸Ǹ֪ҵĸ𡭡
飬Ĳ˼˶Ѿ˵ˣǵȷֻһᣬ˭Ҳ뵽Ĳ˼֮󣬾Ȼǣôļͥ𣬲⣬Ĳ˼磬˷ŭҲ޻˵ˡ
ðΣĲ˼ŵ˵˼ҡҡǸǸӵ𣿡
Ĳ˼һᣬ˵ǰʲôˣǣҪҼ޸£붼룬Ҳ޸Ҫ˵ģ¡
˵ţĲ˼ҡҡλεģŴȥһߣһĴУҼţҲŹġ
ȻĲ˼üζĲԶɽҪĲ˼޸ԴһϾһ˿ͷ֮Ҳûа˼Ĳ˼ϣĲ˼˵µʱֱӾܾء
Ĳ˼Ը޸ֺγԸȥȢĲ˼
Ĳ˼ǵ߳ĴţĲ˼˶Զԡ
Ƭ̣ۿĲ˼߳ţ̾һĲ˼˵Ϣһ£ȥ
֮£ٳȥĲ˼һ𣬲Ҫ˵ˣԼ֪ⲻʡ
Ҳû취Ĳ˼ʧǵģҪȥչĲ˼ȻѾǲˣпܡĲ˼ԼҪ˵չˣǿĲ˼ӣҪûչ˵Ļµġ
Ȩ⣬ֻԼȥĲ˼
Ĳ˼ĵ˵ͷĲ˼ԼʼԼãʱּҪչˡ
ٺĲ˼磬׷˳Ĳ˼ǵ򳵿⣬˹ȥ
Ĳ˼ԼļҲ뿴Ĳ˼ȥĲ˼ֱӰԼײڴϵġ
ǰİĲ˼ĳӿ˳ͣĲ˼ǰȻӳ̽ͷĲ˼˵ϳ
Ĳ˼һˮ˵㻹Ҫô
˵֪ҪʲôطȥպãҲ£ӴһΡ
Ĳ˼ԥ˺һ󣬲Ĩһᣬţֱ˸ʻλ
Ĳ˼ĬĬİѰȫã˵ǵ»ʲôط
㲻֪Ҫȥ𣿻ʣĲ˼۾ǰ棬
΢һ𲽣Ĳ˼˱·Ȼֿȥ
Ĳ˼רԼ˵Ҫ޸ԼӦģΪĲ˼˷ΰ
ңһ˻ĲԶɽǰĲ˼ӦǼƳ񶫣ԣĲԶɽ;Լ뷨Ĳ˼֪ϢȻҪһ߸˵޸
û˺Ƥ֮ǰĲ˼ȻֱӾͶ˵˹˹ģµ˺鷳
Ҳѻ˵ˣĲ˼ԽĲ˼Ĳ˵ģ˵ģĲ˼ȫ˵˳һĲ˼˲١
Ĳ˼ҪȥĵطȻǷΰǱߣҲǹ֡
һ·ϣĲ˼ֻĿǰ·һҲ˵ʮӵ·̣ǹʮһľԶ
ѳֱӿ¿ŵſڣͣ˳ְԿ׽Ĳ˼Ȼص˵˼м˭㶼ûʲô⣬Щ飬Ƕϣܹ
˼ҪĲ˼Լ֮䣬ԼĲ˼֮䣬ҪĲ˼ģǸոշһᣬǶԲǴĵġ
˭֪Ĳ˼˿¿ӣ˵Ҫ𣿺ߣ飬ѾúˣұҽҪ׷ߵȨСһ㡣
˵ţĲ˼óױӣźСӣϵۡ˿ڣȫĵڸȻ˵㲻վڱϯһֱӾܾүүڶ飬Ҳ׼͸¶ȥ
Ĳ˼˵þȻ㾯˼ҲûУеģֻвҪ֮һ£Ĳ˼ͽԥɷ׷Ρ
ʵ벻Ĳ˼ӣȻܾĲԶɽǿ϶ǲöģҲòĲ˼棬ͻܾ˵ᣬȥҲ͹ȥˣͲ˵һ֣ϾϵĲҵȻȥ˺Լйϵ˵ˡ
һĲ˼ˣѶˣİ·֮˶ǣʣµģֻиңӡĲ˼ĳӡ
Ƭ̣ҡͷ̾ϢһҪۿĲ˼ΰһҲֻǴԶԶĲ˼ΰͳˡ
ϾĲ˼״̬ãģҲͽֻ֪Ĳ˼ȥ򣬺͸ʲôһ
ֻǸոתȴִ˵Сˣô
Ĳ˼һģƫƫȸкĲ˼˽˵һ䣺ŶСĲҲڰһɡ
ֻعҡҡͷòĻؾŶˣ壬һкЩأ´ΰɡ
˼֮ʹܵߣһסЦе˵Сոһ룬пգҾ͹㣬Ǻǣ㿴ⲻæҲȥȱ˵
һӣ׼£ʵ壬𣿺Ȳ裬ûա
ǺǣһҪ̸̸Ǽ£һЦ˵
ֻǷ˵Ц⣬ֱǼȵαͽթ
ò˵ͷ˵ʲô£ܸ˵𣿡
뷨飬ԼòҪǷ£Ҫ˵˵˵֮ԼҶҸȥˡ
룬һ⻰ֱӾȥ
Ĳ˼ڷ壬ΰأû
תͷһĲ˼˵ΰŮӳȥҰˣˡ
ӷ˵Ȼַû˵ʵңԵڷĲ˼⵹Щ⡣
˵ΰûǳȥҰˣǸŮһĲ˼ҲԵĲš
ĩ֮ǰһֱû˵ҪΰһȥҰ£ôͻȻ֮䣬ֳȥҰء
Ĳ˼عͷȥ˿ӣֿ˿Ѿ˷ӵĲ˼ĬƬ̣ȻŽ˷ӡ


358 
ӣĲ˼Ҳ֪ˣֻڷĲ˼ƭĲ˼
ΰڹ̨Ӻ棬ֻûгѣ
ΰһȣǼĲ˼Եľ䵭ࡣ
ӣɨһ۷¿ŵӣʱЩвѻ࣬ͬ¿ŵӣĻϣֱĿ鱦ӦоУԼǼӣֱֻáᡱݣ
ȻӵĻϣŵģֻǸ߷Ʒĺöûм˼ҽһۻңѡؼĸо
ΪҲָоָоϲô˵Ĺ˿˵ֳҵʵԹ˿˵һּջ
п֮࣬ûĲ˼Ȳ˵̨ӱϣԷΰ˵ΰ˵ȥҰôô
ΰһ۷ˣ漴ҡҡͷĴŶҸջ
תͷ˵ѧܣ˵λ˲ٵĺܲҲʶ
ڷΰֶûٺøУ֮Ŵθΰ򽻵ȫȴΪĲ˼
ҲΪĲ˼ҲڣڣòòЦЦǱҲǸո˼ӣϿأ˳ȥҲģһСոѡ
Ǻǡһߵ裬һЦ˵ոǺǣ˵úãСǰɣֵõֻǴĻǺǡ
˲ˮΪһȻתͷĲ˼˵ĲС㣬Ȳ裡
䲻ȵģֻǸһ˴кһ㡣
ԭĲҸңҲĲ˼ǰģָΰûȣǿˣΣĲ˼Ӧòܵġ
ƫƫڵķΰֶǿڻرĲ˼
Ĳ˼һֱл˷ˣתͷȥŷΰﻹ˵ΰȥҰЩ˰
ΰЦЦһ䣺ˣ˼ôˣҪҲһҺ㰡ٺ٣Ҳæš
˶٣ΰּ˵㿴Ҹջѧܣ˵вٵĺԣѧһ׽飬ʶǺǣ˼ɲܴǿ
ΰľͳȥĲ˼ΰǷȥǲҪֻҪΰܸԼһڡҰĽͣĲ˼ҲͿˣǷΰ˵һ仰ԼƭƭԼ
ƫƫΰͲشĲ˼⣬Ĳ˼κνͣƭΰȥĲ˼˵
Ĳ˼ڷΰеĵλһ˲䣬ȻԵôأǵ£
αķֶǰôԼֻĲ˼ģ͵ˣҲ˷ΰ˵ѾѾ񣬽ֻҪ΢䣬ԼͿԡˡˡ
˭ֶ֪һһ飬һһȡ
Ȳ˵СͬУ˵Ҳմ״ʵģңϵǳǺǡô˵ɣǼҹ̣Ǽ޵ҵģô֮䣬ǱֶءǺǡ
ŶŶһû뵽һڵϵˣǣ˵Ḷ́޸ҵģһλһҲ֪֪ԼҲûʲôϵɡ
Ŷһ֮˵壬ֻ˳·ɸ˼һ㵽ʲô£
˺ǺǵЦţһ۷ΰϵһУûʲôôðֻʾⷽΰжϾҶˣ˵һЩ
ΰֶŷͬһĬЦ˵ǰҲ֪ǻϵһѧܡٺ٣̫ˣԺ󰡣ҵĽһܡܣ
šһǡѧܡǡܡǶνӣֶһԼֻǲ֪һﵽʲô¡
ٴ𵽵ʲô£˳ĬƬ̣¶һ˿ײ̰ЦЦ˵Ҳʲô£ϴ¶һ֣Ǻǡ˵ŲرͼˣСŪİأԣһγȥʹٺ١ƾϵǿ䣬ǿټıǺǡ
ϴη˵ӿţѼϣһŲرͼ룬ۣŲرͼֻصԼ۸ˡ
Ǳֶ֪ˣƫƫһγȥԼִһ䣬ԼļһΪΣ˵Ųʱ䣬벻÷֪ˣⷽ˵ϢҲȷʵͨڷϵ϶ǳŲرͼİɡ
ôţηֶ룬ΰֱӾ˵ܣǼݣҲͲҴˣʵ˵ɣҲһ⣬ԷҪǻʵϣֻǻԴһ⣬ûֻ˵һδٵܲұæǼȾȼ
ôͽԼԭΪһڣԭҪԼ䣡
ȻǲԸֶ򽻵̸⣬ȷʵԸܾģԼһ䣬ԭҪģȻֻǵ˭Ȼȥرƽϡ
֮ʲôĹ˿֮ͣ⣡ǰģ⡣
룬˵ȷʵһңҲû֣ҲǺܶ࣬ߵȷҪȼ̫ûУһ飬ֻҪ۸̸ܹúʣȻҲҼȣ԰ɣ
ôˬľʹӦΰֶϲ⡣
£Ȳ˵ߣҪAԭģԼһһģ֪Сֱûġ
δһһģǲ࣬ѡеһ飬ҲֻǱȽСļ֮һһ飬ﵽңģ󲿷ֶϵĸͷ
ԣԷ˵ҪЩѣܲڼϵЩиһɡ
ϴһЩɫЦЦʵͷʵûУֻҪڳɫһ£СһģҲԡ
ܣҲһеģҲ֪ϸڣٺ٣ҾͲ˵ˣܲһһʵأڴСûһ빫߰ģԣΰЦӯӯ˵·лˮҲȥˣ԰ɣ
ʱе׹ֶ֪֮ⷽδٵ䣬Ӧ۲¶˷÷ֶǿֶݣҪϷһ
ĬȻ֮У̧ͷһĲ˼
ʱĲ˼һĬĬڽһ˫۾ڷΰϳ
̾һĲ˼ҲǵģֶĲ˼ǿĲ˼ĴڣƫƫĲ˼ȴ¶һֶԷΰ޵ĳݡ
治֪Ĳ˼ȥʲôĽ
ٴ̾һҡҡͷһ̾ȴǶԷΰģԲˣ塢ѧ˵ģϻûС
ûˣϵļ˼£ԭţǿ䣬ʵ̫ˣƣһ飬ӦҲõһ飬⡰áһ飬Ѿ˳ȥմˣԣ̽һ£ûĴһġ
û뵽ΰѹҪ󶼽͵ķ֮һ˵ûУ
ΰҲĶŵЦЦʵܣϻЩʲôģ
ЦЦĴҪϵģһȥҿܹҵһ飬һңԼһµģûС
ΰһ¶ŵɫôܣ
˵ҲһƬ̲׹ԭ˵ûУΪԼҪ̫ˣ


359 򷢽л
ΰŵǣǰ۵һ飬ڷֶѾAˣǸһģûУȴбǸõģôܣ
Ƿˣһ¶һ˿ײ̰ǺǵЦЦС㿴㣬ǰһǺǡϵAСǶ٣
ʯAǿɶԡˡۼ۵ģһ˶A۸ٶ򣬶ȴҪͷȻͬǰۼۣͷԽ󣬼۸Խߣеߴÿ
ǰ˵ģϵAֻһ飬۸񼸺ܴﵽϣA۵Ȼܵ͡
Ǿݷ֪ҪAĻӦòܻ̫࣬ûôʽ֧ӴĻ
һǣܹĽ۸񣬷˱ǿԾܵ¿ۣʵϣǼ۸񳬳Ԥڵı˵Ļ˵ȻҲܹҵǸԽĵطȻҲܴӸԴϴ׬׬һʡ
ԣ̽۶١
Ȼ⼸Ÿһ˵ÿһҵܣǵЦЦҲɣҲһһˣ
Ǯڵ˵ȷ㲻رѡеǿˮأҲۡ
۸񣬶Էֶ˵ȻЩƫߡˣҪΪĻǱ˵۸񣬷ֶҲܹܣʲôˣڷֶҲЩĿӶѣ
ҪȻֶҲôͽˡ
˶˵ֻһݵļ۸ģۣǺǡ
ôһ˵ֶɵ͵һڿˮ˼ϻиõĻ
ԭԼΪǿˮأѾõģû뵽˼ǽֻһ
˾аգףܹ׬ѵı˵ģã˵Ȼ͸󣬷ĳƱǰסƮ
ΰҲ˺һһĭȲ˵ܣ˵ʲôǶ˵ʵʣɫҲ磬ھȥ
˿ڽ˴Ĳ˼ҡҡͷЦ壬ѧһм£Ǿ˼֪˼ڻҪȥʲôطǷĻһɣҿ϶ǵҪ󣬸һ顣
⻰ɵתͷȥ˿ΰҧҧ
ΰתͷԽĲ˼Ц˵˼ڲҪȥε˰ɣؼȥ㣬ô
ΰϸԼĲ˼Ѿϲˣһ˵ΰҪԼؼңĲ˼ѡꡱֽ˳ڡ
룬ΰ΢΢һȴ˵˼Ҳˣ߸ոڸ̸⣬ҪԼȥɣҰг
һΰ˵⻰ûɵһգȻⲻΪԼΪĲ˼
Ĳ˼Ϊ˷ΰ˵þ˼޲ȥֺ÷ΰȴ룬ڷΰĲ˼Ȼֻλ
ﵽĲңĻһأҲǰСʱĳ̣ôһʱ䣬ΰԸĲ˼
߷߲ƽ£ΰȻҪĲ˼гôɴ˵ҰѸʮǮԼȥ
򷢽лӵ£еȥǶĲ˼
Ĳ˼ʮǮĳѣĲ˼ԼгĲ˼ĳͣأ
ֻǣ벻ǣĲ˼ǳǳһЦǸм˵ΰǶԲҴˣֻǣ״̬̫ã˳Ҳֻ鷳ҽгˡ
ΰЦЦﻰ߰ɣһȥг
סգվ˵ѧ˼ĳͣ棬ȥɣ˳ѳӿȥ
˵ãһ˵ΰһԴûڳһܹԵŮͣЦЦĲ˼˵ԭԼİٺ١ô֪ţҪԼȥɣҲʮӵ·һעⰲȫǺǡ˼㿴Ѳ
̵ģ˵Ĳ˼ԼгһʮǮĳѶʡˣڽгǾ͸鷳ˡ
ڣĲ˼ԥһ£˵ΰллĹģȥ飬ͱˣ㻹æİɡ
ΰһڴƵģתͷ˵ˣ˼Լܻȥǻ̸̸ǵɡ
˵Ҳۿ˼ؼңٺ٣ǵ飬Ҳֻõȵ˰ɣû취иǾһֱ˼ؼҡ
˸ΰֶһۣҪ治Ĳ˼صû׼һ֮£ľҪϵ졣
ǣԷֶ˵ٶһӣͶһΣա
δĶ֪µˣֻԽԽ࣬ʱ˶ӣұȷֶʵģڡ
ʱ򣬾Ծٲһ˵ģǷֶģȻ
ԣֶһ£漴ΰ̸˿ǣĲ˼˵˼ʵһ˻ؼңҲģҪɣһȥ¶ˣҰһ㡭
һΣĲ˼û룬Цտ˵;Ͳˣ̫ƷˣǸȥȻȻ󡭡
Ĳ˼ӣϣŷΰڸ֮󣬷ΰܹԼؼң⻰Ĳ˼ֻҧͷϣʼղ˵·ΰӷ
Ĳ˼ˣƲѵģҲʲô˵
£߳˷ҹ꣬ͷԷȥ
ûֱ˽סˣĲ˼ѳԿ׽ΰ÷ΰĸһȥԷ
ﵽԷ㲽УҲòӣȥĲ˼ĳӵģ룬ΰֱӰѳӿͣң³Ϊ˳š
жֻҪӵʱ䣬һգ֮顣
ԷſڣЦӯӯ˳ȻĲ˼ΰҪѳͣǰͣĵط˺档
ʱѾˣһˣҲϲ⣬ӣ̸ӣӦѾһЩüĿˡ
벻ǣӡɣϼҲ
ɣϼӵĴ׺ҪδЩɣɣĸӦǻؼ˰ɡ
һĲ˼ӸɣϼӭǸȾ
ɣϼĲ˼һ˶Եø㲡ɣϼʱȴĲ˼ˡ
ɣϼԸ˲裬Ĳ˼֣һߣȡ󹾹˵Ͳ࣬СŮӼҵģͬĻȻ˵ɣϼҲû֮ǰ˲٣ԣ֣ʱĻһ͵͵Ц
龰һ
۸ֻǿ˼䣬漴ͽ⡪ҪҪ
ֵֻƣ۲רɻ÷Լ̸


360 ֱȥ
ǰۡɣϼһԼڡ¾սĲ˼ⷽҲãǷⷽҲãӦնˡ
ֱ˵ҪǢ̸佻׵飬ñԼ棬ЦЦҲֱӵʵ壬УҪҪʲôλĲϡ
һּǮһֻж⣬ʵˣҲðռǮû
˺ǺǵЦС⻰ɾʵˣһеģǿ˵ۣǰֵһģҶ֪Ǹ飬ֵֻܼһģмһǧҸ㻹ʮԸûмһҸһǧҲǿջһ䣬԰ɣ
ЦЦ˵壬ǳĳĸԼļλҾͲôóĶǸһҲ˵ȷĲˣʱ䣬ʱҲǱģ԰ɣ
ҪʲôλĶҲֻһţҲǺڿڵ飬շ˵ʵҪһ¼䣬Ҳʲô¡
ֻǷ˲Լĵϸȫ¶ûôĶǷ̹ǡ
֧֧ᣬԸҪļλ˵΢΢̾һ
ȴͲסƣҲЦЦֱӿЦ˵壬δĻḻúܣһǮģʮڿģÿλĶôһ飬Ҫǲ˵ȷļλٺ١ø˵ġõ˵ĸ壬ǶǶԷ岻԰ɣ
֪һǺ˵˵ȴҲˣ˺һ˲Цҡҡͷ˵һµļλǧҵġ
˵ѡеǿˮҪõģö࣬ǿˮأֵҲǽǧңҪñǸˣȻЩˣ˵ܹ׬Ҳʹۿۡ
ǷҪģǱߣһǼģҲǲңóˣȴǾ͸ˡ
ԣ˼ҧһǧҵļλ
˵ͷվҪԿףȻ󵽿ⷿֻķһ£һŴ
ϵ˵࣬ŴϣӦòĹֵԳǧԳһ£漴˳
ʱΰҲͣ˳ӣԷֻһԷĿ΢һ£۵¶˼ײ
ᣡǺᣬܼŰٷ֮ʮϵĵطһһѾǱƲԵľ
Լ¿ŵӣûӱȡ
ΰЩɣһ˴Ķ׻᲻д˵֮еô档
ɣϼǿͿķ˲ˮȻȥĲ˼ոջû˵Ļ⡣
ʱĲ˼һ˫۾תƵ˷ΰϣɣϼҲֻһûһġŰ¡
ʱǡǿŴŴȻֻһһ˲䣬̽뷽ΰֶĿε˹ȥ
ֶ䣬ٲоֻһ۾ͿóŴԲֹǧ
Ѹٵļһ£ⶫԼĻֵӦǧң׼ȷ˵ӦǧϣȻ⻹ҪһĲ
ΰ͸ҧҧǰǿˮأŴֵܼѾˣǷΰģ߷ΰ֪ʲҲһңһҵʲΰѾĪˡ
οδģֻôѣô۵׼Σ
ʱŴ󷽷ķڲ輸ϣȻЦЦ˵壬һ£ʵҲ۸һˣϿܲܽһ£
˵Ҳ۸һ䣬û˵ٻһӵ˳һﲻô֮⣬˶ŲɣۣۿЩȻ֪û˵ٻ
ԣ˼߹Ҳŵ輸ϣʾֶⷽһ¡
ŬԼƽȻŴ󾵣һӫֵ磬װģĿһŴȻҡԴ˵䣬ȷһŴ֣ġŴͻôһ˿˿룬ңм仹һЩʣڼֵϣǺǡ
ı׼ȻֻŴ֣ǱŴȷû취˵ϾѡԭʯʱҲֻǸԭʯ͸ıɫʡŨԭʯļֵģ˵ʲô֡ʲôأҲֻǽκܺԵ˵
κܺǶ̶̵ļ仰ֵܹصȼüǧֵʵء
ʲôʲôأǷֲˣ˵ŴʣȻǲŵˡ
ʣļֵǻۿ۵ģ͸¶ıȻҲͲ̫ŨңмҲỹɫϢС
ŴıŨɫһ˿ɫҲû˵˲ں˵Ҫѹۡ
ۺǺǵЦЦ˵ϰ壬ķ࣬Ҷ֪ģͲˣҪ˵䣬ֻŴ֣ҾЩͬˣȣҾ˵ҶԡŴһַĿɣָ֮Ǻǡ
Ц֮˵˵֣俴ӦһӨ͸ʵϿ֣֮ɫɫϹܺá͸͸ƱԱӨĸоò۸ƱɫɫȾһ£ܱ磬ʵϸ󣬸ûаƣ¶ĵطָоûУ
䣬ڲ輸ϣҪ˵ۣӶóǾһűסġƺܸоһǰͷһһ䡣
Сָо˵һĸоûУǾǼٵġ
ֽ˵⣬䣬ãû巢ǲǽ
˵ţһϸСĴӣһ£ʱһĽײ
һ죬漴ȴ˵ϸ˵ǲǣŴϸΪŴ֡Ŵ࣬ŴֱȱԻǣԶıһһ㣬ϸ粻òϰɣ䣬͸Ե˲٣ڲŴϸСϣԵúǻǣ˵ĸоǻǵŴһձ׼˵ҲбֻŴ䣬ֻŴϲһ֣Ŵ˲ֹһȼ֣մϰ߶Ǻǡ
˶٣˵˵ֵ䣬ڸͷСķϣҲ
˵ţʳָָ컨壬˵һǧ򣡡
һǧ򡭡ЩΣͰѡΪʲôֱ仰˵˿ڡ
һ죬ЦЦ˵ϸ㿪Ц˰ɣһǧ򣬺Ǻǡ
վЦ˵ҵ۹Щˣһ˵Ҳ֪ǲֵǮٺ١÷塢ѧЦˣȥһ飡
˵ţҲȷ˸ΰ̾ͱŴͷҲصľֱ߽䡣
һʱ֮䣬·˸ΰ˲סİ̾Ϣոһǧļ۸ʵǿ̫ˣŪԸٶ˵仰ˡ


361 Ϊ԰
ķ˵ÿͿģһŴֵ߰ǧĶ͸˼һǧֻ˵ҪôͲʶҪôͲ
ֲʶֲ򣬻ⶫ˸ʲô۹񫰡
ԣֱӾͰŴ˲ֿȥ
ʱ䲻ٴγһΣŵģһ幫̱֣۵˵ı׼ļֵѾǰǿŴü
Ƿ˷ΪˣһĶ̲ס顱һ䣬ֶѾˡ
ļֵѾѾֶֻܡĵزҪѾûǸʵ
һɽǾͿ϶ֽףֽ𣬾ǷŵһѹӵǮȫҲղô࣡
˵Ȼô˵ϣŵ輸ϣǺǵĸЦ輸ϵĹߣһһĿ
ȻֻװģĿ
һװģĿһＱٵ˼һ⡪ô䣬ͼ۸ǰ͸Լ
ĽףʱûˣûôǮǳ̰ıԣȻҪ뵽ֿܣֿյĿģΰõԼ
ȷһڵı䣬Ƿ˿˺һҲûҳһ覴ãңôһ󣬷Ҳûһ׵İ취ܹӽ䣬Լ͵ļ۶ǰ͸Լ
֮䣬΢΢̧ͷһ۷ΰһ˲֮䣬ΰ΢΢˵ͷʾס
ѾֵƣҼ䣬Ҫģ̸Ǯ̸Ǯʱ򣬷ϣΰܹһֽš
Ŀ֮£ֽţΰǶˣ۷ħΰ֪Ķ֡
棬ΰѾֹһεĸ֣ÿһζôܿ䣬ԣҪֽţ϶ԣвͨ
ڷΰʾ֭֮ʣӺǺǵЦЦ˵壬ô飬ǹֵ˰ɣٺ١ҿɾ˵ˣϣʲôĻУؼֻԸԸôǮ
һǿûֱӾ˵ûôǮ䣬Ҳͬ˷˵ʹ
΢΢һ죬漴һЦλС磬֪ϰұֶϸ磬Ǻǡ
ڷ˿ӦþһСƶѣӵģֶǧ⣬ʲôԵʸֻӻȻҲܶԣҲֻһ¡
룬ӡٺ١һЦ˵Ҳǣϰ壬ȻǶ磬ҡ塢ȵȵȵȣֻһȨˣԣĴСӸùܵĻùһ¡
˶٣ֽ˵ɣǶҪʲô۸ʲôˣҲñ뿴۸ǷʣҪʵĻҾȨֹⳡס
ӵĻһ죬ͬʱҲ÷һҪü͵ļ۸ߵϣԵС˼֡
һ̸ֻǮ棬Ҫ˲СѶȡ
СǱֶϵͬУǺǡΰþ벻һƵĶԲߣֻûסΰȡһЩǵʱ䡣
˶٣˺һڲ裬Ȼ̵ؽ˵С⻰ҾͲҴˣ䣬ܸģҲֻۡ
˵ţһֻƣǰ˻Ρ
ӡѽĹֽһǰȥѷ˱סˣﻹе壬ҵ尡ʶڣڣٺ٣㿴ôڰ
Եģڵң֪˸ڣȴһͨҽС
Ȼ֪ӵĿģ¸Ͻ˵СᣬڣǲʲôĿ䣬ҪڣҾֻܡǺǡ
˵ͷ˺һ˵˵Ĳⶫȷֵڣ壬أ
ȥһ۶аٷ֮ʮķֺ죬۵Ȼ˵ˣԼ΢΢Ŀһ˵䣬ȷֵڣǣ룬Ҳڶϡ
壬Ҳǧ䣬ۿٶǧϡ
һ˵ǺЩĿŷΰļֵ˵Ȼó˵ģǧ򣬻û˵Ҫǰշ˵Ĺƣ΢һ£ٶǧϡ
˾޴ռ䣬ôܲˣǣҪԼǧ˵ѹӵǮǰԼƤǣˣԼҲòôడ
ƫƫƫƫһԴϻڼķΰʱҲԸվæ˵һ仰
ʵǷΰԸǲңΰֵڵĶһˣһΣϾָͷС۷ǿ϶ûŶο֮⣬䶼ѾˣԼʲôжҲȫòˡ
ЦЦ俴˿Է˵壬Ҳȷˣɣ˵ģڣһһҳԶٷΣ
һҳԶٷҲСˡ
ġ˵ʱ쵽˶ӣ̶ȣҲһӶʱˣҪǲҪֻҪ˵һǡߡô򵥡
ҪĻ̣ǧֽתˣǣȴòôǮ˵ҪĻüǧ󣬾ôˣĸʡ
һգۼ䣬˵ת˲һٸͷɾҲһõġ
ֻһĬ֮䣬ֽˡ
⻹һʮ꣬һñ֣һװˡ
һţô漴ЦЦǺǡְ
ۼҲЦЦһһ˵ϰ壬һ绰˵˵û뵽ֱӹˣúúá
Ҳ΢Цſ˼䣬ǰҪĶ簲ȥʱͲˡ
ǰעŵǸ˵ϡ
˺ǫѷЦЦĵ˵ͷ˵Ҹնһ֣
˵ͷɣϼ˲裬Ȼ΢Цʶϣܹ֪ʲôҪæģ
һ伫ΪͨĿ׻ȳ̹ϣЩֻе˵׻ӭС㣬Ҫ׺öࡣ
ϵ˵ͷֱӵ˵λϰ壬ѣ˵ϰһûǺǣǰɡ
Ͻ˵ûûУ֪ҪʲôĻɫ
ϵ˵ͷ˽⣬ãõʲô̶ȣǶֻǶΪ飬Сϰܲóҿ˵
ʮˬĵ˵ͷԶ˵Ǿ鷳
˵ţվŶϵ˲ֿߡ


362 ʮ
ŶҪȥֿ⣬Ȼ󣬺þöҪ۽磬һģڿǴ˻ᡣ
˵ɫԼûв´кöϢڼ̵ʱ֮ڣͻᱻ֪ܶţضͻԽԽĹע
ʱľͻѪɺӣǣ˰һԼܹõʽֻǲô㣬ǰǿˮҲǲ򵽵ġ
ۿЩ˵ĶҲͰˣƫƫֶʹһ㣬ҪܹҪϷһʴƣŪڣҪ᲻ãߣûôǮ

ֶסţߣ۸ĿˣҪЩΣѾͭΪĵ̴ʦ½ƣΪҪʽͨõнֺܵλ½պУ۰佻½̾Ͷ
ƣ죬ξͻõù
˵½Զ֣ϲ⣬˷ܵ˵һֵˣڼ۸׬˲٣ңܹõֵĶǳֵ֣֮ˣȻȫҪ鹦ӡ
ǻϣǶ˵һָ
˵⻰ȻЩ۵ƨ֮ӣ˵ЩҲʵ
̸ͶɣϼĲ˼ҲǼ޾Ļ⣬Եúģֻз˸ΰֶ
ֶҲ֣סġüȥͣϢ󣬷ΰһҧվߵĲ˼ߣȵĽһ˼á
Ĳ˼ֻ۾ͲʱŷΰһۣʱΰԼǳңôһС
Ĳ˼ԭЩ԰׵ϣʱһеĺ⣬ŵ͵͵ġšһҲϽվ
ɣϼЦЦʵ˼Ҫߣ
Ĳ˼һһ˫۾̽ѯŷΰ
ӣΰҪߣͻԥľʹˣΰҪ϶˵ͻ
ֻǷΰЦЦɣϼ˵ɣС㣬еҪȥ˼̸̸һɣСݵĲ裬ǺǣɣС㲻ƯݳĲҲǺζһڣһӶǲˡ
ɣϼֻǵһЦΰ˵
ԣΰܹԵŮӵļɣϼǰͲֵһ̸ɣϼǷΰġ
ֻĲ˼ȴЩɣϼˣΰǺܲޡһŮӵģ٣Ĳ˼ûõΰġޡ
ΰĲ˼֮󣬷һ˾͸Եá¶۸ԽԽǻȣûһͳֵĲ˼ŷΰߺɣϼŲ豭ӣΪܵƷ˲ûһ˸˵
ʮӣһЦӸ˲䡣
üЦҲһ̬ЩҲˣƫƫϻһĹҵĴʣװŵģ÷ֶѲѵ䡣
˰Թһ£ϵ˵Ҳ߿ɣÿһĸͷСǰǵǿ̱֣ҪһȦ
һ˶ʱϣһӾô࣬ûа
ҪһӰȫ䶼˶ϣԼɾȲһˣƫƫΰȥһҲ֪׵ûУ⵱Ǽˡ
ǽţǽƫƫ߹ǰǹģٺٵЦ˵壬ôǿ䣬ҪǲҪϰǵؾ仰
˺εİһȻ˹˹˵ΰȥȥˣһõ
ӺǺǵЦЦ˵ǣĵȰɣҸ绹¶ˡ
˵ţҪ뿪Է
ԵĺǲԸ÷˺Щ⣬Ļڲһ֮ڣͳô࣬Ǻöζ벻ĺ°ȴ񲢲Ƶġô£
ʱϵɣϼǱߣֱӽһп˳Ǹ˵ЦЦ˵鷳СҪĵá
ɣϼҵģô˵ȻҪתˣɣϼѵøϡ
ϼΪĴҳ棬ȻɣϼҪ˺ţ漴ڼһɿûһ֡
꣬ϸĺ˶һЦӯӯȥ飬ЦЦָָɣϼ˵ǵԱͺá
ЩĿ˿ɣϼ漴ָָĻǰһ֣ɣϼһĻϵ֣ɵһ漴ɴ۾ϸϸĿһɣϼ̧ͷǾ˵Ƕʮʮ
ûӺٺٵЦֻҪֶˣģͳɡ
ɣϼʹһĭסĵͷԡԡԡ
ʮ߿䣬ҸͷСǿ϶Ͳʮˣ˵Ķͷϣ৵ðһ亹
ˣųȥһˣȻֵ˾޴䣬жٿԶõʽ
жٿԶõʽҲжۣʮٵеùʽ
һˡ
ð亹뵽һ⣬ܹʮڵĻЩǮôģ
ԼӦòʲôǮˣҲǵһˮ׬ǧһԼӿţһűͼ׬ǧܼҲһڣôڲһµʱܹǵʮڵң
˺һ󣬾Ȼ÷Ҳ뵽һǮ죬ɱ͵׬ǮӣʯȥĹʯ
ʯȻܹĵֵʮڵ䣡
˵Դ˵һ£ʲô
ﲻǿܹ׬ϼǧ䣬ʱ򣬷뵽ģһɽһȡ֮ߣ֮Ľɽ
׻˵ʮζģŴ䣬ǿӣ˵ʮӮʮΣҲӮߡ˴βŶԡ
ôߵʤʣģ϶ǲΪ֪ķӡ
ҪǰⷨŪ֣׬Ǯǻͬ̽ȡֺαÿһһڡ
һ뵽ĵ׶ʱֹסðһа̰һ˫۾Ҳģ¶һɫֱĿΰߵߣ˶û
ʱ˺üֻĶʾɣϼӡۣóֻ򿪶Ų鿴
ţ˶ʱһЦ⣬ƣӦ׮⣬ڣѾˡ
˶˶ţЦǺǵվ˵ҪȥһģǴæҲŻȥǺǡҾͲˣСϰ壬ϣܺúõĿǿĽ飬Ǻǡ
ЦЦǿ˵лһúõĿǿǵġ
ЦЦָ˴˸кȻ˴ҴҵĳԷ
ҲǸ˴к˵죬ԼһεˣһҺúõȥһ١ڶϺˡ


363 
֮󣬷תͷΰ̽Ѷһ£ΰ˵ͷȻЦЦʾһж׵΢Ц
ϣЦЦź˵СҵףȲ˼ҵĺʵõĶ㶼˼ˣǺǣҲͦá
תͷһ˷ܣٺٵЦô壬㲻ˣ
ҡҡͷˣϲ˼ʣµĶûʲô˼
𣿡ӺٺٵЦ壬ɲ˵㣬Ķֻ˵ģʣµģٺ١
𣿡ΰһЦӯӯ˵˼˵ұܵĶģǺǣҵҪʶʶʣµĶʲô𣡡
ԷΰһᶼûʲôΰһӶ˵ֱӾܻ䣬ҪֹѾˡ
Ƭ̣ӱһ輸һţһȻضԷΰ˵ɣҿ򡭡
ӱ輸һţ˸ΰ˵Ӷʱ˳
Ļǿ䣡
幫µĸͷü¶䱾ĵطɢĺ⡣
һ޼֮
˸ΰֶĶ¶һҪΪеĳ嶯
ſڽ˺һ˲һĭʵССǰǰΪʲôҪ顭
شӰȻ˺ߣ˵ǰλߺߣȻҪˣٺ٣Ҫ𡣡
ΰҲһڿˮŵʵҪ𡭡
ЦЦ䣬һߣһ˵ⶫһ۱ǲĸҪǮ򣬺Ǻǣм𡣡
⻰ӵȻ˵ֶģһǴﶼûʲôأٺ٣һһ˺üαﳩ첻ѡ
ʱĲ˼ͻȻվ˵м£һ¡
ʱĲ˼վҪɵüͷ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵һȶżģȴת˿
۸ɣϼҲɵһţ䣬ֵƣĲ˼ʱҪҲҪˡ
ȻĲ˼˵ǰ飬ҿһҲٲˣ̵ĵҪһ͸үүɫɡ
ö룬̾Ĳ˼˼ǰһҲˣʲô£ǰԼĲ˼ĹӵǸô
ǰǸᣬĲ˼ҪЮЩޣĲ˼Ҫᣬôʱ򲻺ÿģĲҵ
Ĳ˼˼ȻҲǳģҺԾΪ˷ΰһ䣬Ҳʲô£ϾǮƱ˵Ƕֻ֮ףȥҲϧ
ֻĲ˼ַʽҪЮǸʲôֱҪҲͰˣƫƫĲ˼ĲҵҲˡ
΢΢Ƭ̣˵˼ҪүүһСǲʲô£һ֮󣬻ᷢʲô飬ҪǺá
Ĳ˼ҧҧ˵ѾǺˣӴ֮ҾˮˮصҵĶľš
ãȻˣҲ˵ʲôӣǿù˵
е˶ʱĿͶӣһ˲䣬Ҳ׹Լһõ԰ڣڻǴһ
ԥ֮䣬Ӵһ硭
ùٴγ˵Ȼ;
ĻȻǲ벻±ǿ䣬˹˹˻
ǰ̲ס䱧ýģе硭İ
˾Ȼ۸ɣϼ˶ЩˣûôĻ
ԥһ䣬ȻĲ˼˵ǰ飬᲻ᣬǶ㣬Ҫ䣬ҲԸ㣬ȥһҡ
Ĳ˼룬תͷȥΰΰԥһ£漴΢΢˵ͷ
ãүүǱߵ飬ҲҪȥһ¡ΰҵĺϢ
£Ҳڶ˵˸ӣװˣҪݸĲ˼΢һϡ
ҪѺݸĲ˼˸ΰ϶һϲ漴ȴ˻ȥֶ˶ʱЩʧ
ⶫҪõĲһ˵һĲңɱϣҪࡣ
ؼԭǣĲҲǮ
ǵʱ򣬷ֶҲ޼ƿʩֻܰһϣĲ˼ϡ
Ĳ˼ˣź䣬ҲȥĲ˼ǲӣ˳ֱĲ˼
ҲҪȥģ룬Ҳ˳ӣֱ·ı
һ֮£Ĳ˼ʵǷֶһ䣬飬ӵֹ˵ģҪֹΨһĲ˼硣
ԣӼææģֱ·
飬һ绰Ҳܽ⣬Ψֵ绰˵µʱ䣬ԣֱҳȥĲ˼˵Ҳֻʮӵ顣
ԷĲңҲֻʮӵĳ̣ϳ⳵˾ļǰӣ͵ĲҵĴſڡ
ĲԶɽһ壬͵ؼĲ˼ʱһӣվ
ȿ˿Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ЩЩȻסŭѾͷôģ岻ãúõĵȥƫƫܣǸĺӣȥЪȥ
һֲ֪Ĳ˼ΪӣӦĲҵ˶λСѾﵽˡ簮ĳ̶ȡ
Ĳ˼Ȧһ죬еүү
Ĳ˼̾ҪôˮĲԶɽʱ˻֣Цˣ˵飬ҲˣȥϢɣС졣
Ĳ˼ԥһ£ջ¥ݣȥϢ
Ĳ˼֮ĲԶɽŴһЦǺǵ˵ҲˣʵЩáãС˵ȥˣлʲô
һģĲ˼磬ʲôʱģĲԶɽȻҲͲöʣĲ˼ʱҲûϸ˵ʲôԣĲԶɽ˳һ£Щʲô
һĲүүá˵ʵһγȥʱ䵢˲٣Ҳûܾ
ĲԶɽ΢Цţһҡ֣˵Լϰ壬ȻٲһЩۣǺǣᣬеʱ䣬úõشЩ֮ȡһЩѵԺ㣬кܴİǺǣ˲˵¼塭
Ȼ£д棬֪Լֱ˵ĻٲҪĲԶɽһֻŭĲԶɽ͵ˣǿ϶һСĴ̼Ȼȥ
££ȥĲԶɽ壬οȻо壬ǸʱʼղҰѾȫϣ˵ĻȻĲԶɽĶ֡
ֻĲԶɽ棬һ߿ЦţڿƣĲԶɽġ
һ̲ʮӣȫĲԶɽûʧıϽ˸ת˹
ĲԶɽӮ壬ϳ˵ɫЩ⣬һӣָָ̣˵


364 ֻǱ㿴ԶЩ
ڶ̿ʼһСģ߲ʮͶһֱĲԶɽԵһƴȴֻ˷ȻӦñȵһ̻Ҫĸҡ
ֻĲԶɽû뵽˼·ͻȻһ䣬ٺĲԶɽӲӲײֻԱסĸĲԶɽݡ
һ壬˰СʱҲ֪ĲԶɽǹãĴʧ֣غĳ䡢ʿ󣬾Ըƴ˸⣬ֻʣһڡҲֻʣһ󡱣ȻԺ;ճ
ʱ谾࣬ĲԶɽӣΪԶɽ壬̲ס̾˿ϣȻվĲԶɽ
ĲԶɽһߺ࣬һ߻·Ƭ̣Աһţ˵Сһٸһ̣Ը𣿡
һ࣬ЦЦ˵ĲүүϱɫҲˣǵʱ䣬Ҫ°ɡ
ĲԶɽЦЦɫҲѾˣزȥҲɲʲôͷӡ
ҪĲ˼飬ƫƫʱĲ˼ҲˣĲԶɽˣĲ˼Ȧһ졣
ĲԶɽȴûһĲ˼ɫ쳣Ц˼磬˵˵ʤδ֣СҪǺǡҰɽ̡
Ĳ˼ĬĬص˵ͷߵĲԶɽĲ˲ۿֿ˿漴úƽ˵ѵүүˣүү𣿡
ȻǰĲ˼˵ٹ죬̵ĵĲԶɽֻϺһʱ䡣
ĲԶɽͣ屣κãʱҲ϶ˣģΪһԸ
΢΢̾һһԹģǼĲ˼磬Թƫƫȴַˡ
£ֻӲͷƤЦЦӦĲԶɽ¼塣
ĲԶɽֻǸ˲ѣϽڿƣʼ˵壬壬ĲԶɽǰһҲȫȡƣν棬ӣôߣҲǰĲԶɽһݽһ㣬֮
ң̵ֵʱĲԶɽ«ưڵڶƣСѹʹͻɱʼ޷ͻĲԶɽ̶վĲԶɽĲ˼磬̲סҪָˡ
ĲԶɽҡͷɲɣԵ岻ӣ˼Ѿͷô첲հ
Ĳ˼ȻǺ˺һŴүүѸ첲հֻүүϽȴֻһƽ
ĲԶɽǺǵЦ˵㻹ǰɣǺǣɣͿôɱƬײģ
˼ۿҪˣĲ˼ɴߵ󣬲ָ㣬Բٵֱ壬˺ϻɱĲԶɽ
ʱһվ̾бĲԶɽԵΣա
̾Ϣһֻô⣬ֻת취ȥӡ
Ĳ˼üͷ˰ΣһסȥӣԼһֻ֣漴ֱֱһ
ߡաֶԽǣôߣҲ·һ룬Ĳ˼ˡ䡱ֱǰ湰һ
һƥվ˹ĲԶɽ˧˼в
ĲԶɽ۾˿Ĳ˼磬ŭѾͷʲô˵ģүүۻ軨ǲ尡ô𡣡
Ĳ˼罿˵үүϽǲ㲻Ӷ㣬ⱾͲƽⲽ壬ҪôôߣҪôӶ
ʱѾ̣ĲԶɽǧĲŲΧסƣھӶǲֱӾҪĲԶɽ䡣
ԣĲԶɽȻˣֻҪŻصԭ塣
Ĳ˼ּۿ죬һ֣סĲԶɽӵ֣һЦһ߽еүүУԴСӾġ
ĲԶɽĿ˿Ĳ˼磬ãźǳص˵ģ
Ĳ˼Ͻ֣ͷҲǹ˺һ̧ͷҡȻġûʲô飬Ҵû¹壬һҾôߣүүҲãҲá
ĲԶɽɫ˱䣬˿˼·ͻȻЦЦǺǡѾͷһ壬ߵﶼ·һ಻һʱˣŲţ
Ĳ˼ҧѽ˵Ҳţ壬ҲһҪסֻ
ԿĲԶɽָЦЦֻ˻ȥ
ĲԶɽ΢Ƶһ£صȫŵֻϣ͹ʹ
Ĳ˼ҲΪ˱סƥָӭҾݣĲԶɽסɱ
һ˽һСʱĲ˼ʤУһ·ӲɱȻǿסƥĲԶɽȴӡ
ȫƴ֮ĲԶɽĹӣʱһ·͹ƹֱӽϽ
ĲԶɽӮ壬̲סЦЦ˵ʤ˼硢СǴܿˣСǲٽӴô״̬ѵãҲռˣ̡
Ĳ˼ҧҧ촽ģǿЦ˵үү˵̣ʮ̣Ƕ㣬һµΪֹ
ôүү䣡ĲԶɽĲ˼ѾͷǸ첲ˡ
ĲԶɽЦЦ˵ãǾɣҲռһıˣһӣùؾص塣
ţĲ˼Щ죬ĲԶɽң
ĲԶɽҡҡͷǲռı˶ѣԴСҿǵ𰡡Ǻǡ
ͻȻЦЦһ֣ĲԶɽұߵǸͣͣ漴ָı⣬ֻǸõ
ĲԶɽõüԿ壬ÿÿĲԶɽɵģ룬ȻĲԶɽĲԶɽóӣҪã͵ҪĲԶɽı
ֻĲԶɽȻ漴ЦЦԵú⡣
ҪֺȺںִִףӵߵĹأĲ˼ȴȫȻЩȻĲԶɽӣִ죬Ĳ˼ǺȳС
ңһУǡͷڡ
ĲԶɽһֻӦԡͷڡ·ȻЩԿֻĲԶɽһЦһߵġǰء
һȥо֣·ֺݽһƬףʹǧȴ벻
оֽ֣һľأĲԶɽȻȫز뼱ɣҲĥʵѹĲ˼ȻǣƵòòȫֻһ·ɱĲԶɽӮССĹӣƹϽ
ĲԶɽӮ壬ǵⲻѣԵ˵ǿš쵽Ĳ˼ǰЦ˼磬𣬺ǺǡҲϣֻЩ飬ұ㿴ԶЩѡ


365 ҳ
ҲǹһЦ˵ں֣һΣֱĲԶɽһһߵһĲԶɽֻһ
Ĳ˼ǿԣһ֣ĲԶɽ䡱Ҳȥ
ĲԶɽԭⲻԣһĲ˼ôʱһ㵣漴˵ǣⲻˣôô
Ĳ˼վ󣬲Ķ˵үүôˣҪ壬ҿɶĸԸģ
ߺߣ֪ỤĲԶɽЦ˵ô˵ţȴһںӣĲ˼֡
ֻһΣĲԶɽ͸СһЩʣıڳɲоףŬʹϵһСʱɱƴˣĲԶɽʣһСӣȻǺֱײƹϽ
һӣЦããȻϵҷˣ
ĲԶɽҲЦ˵Сʤ˱ҳ£˵ҲֻǼѡ
˵գһЦ
ʱĲԶɽѾˣѾЦ꣬ʵ˵˵ǲʲôҪ˵Ǻǡ
ȻˣҪ£Ҳڻ䵽ôҡ
£΢΢һ£˵ĲүүҵȷҪ˼ҡ
ĲԶɽ˻֣ʲôʲôģҶԼˣֱ˵
°ԼҪ˵飬˵˳
ֻǰĲ˼ΰһΣĵ࣬ϾĲ˼ڳܶĲ˼ﶼеף˵ĲԶɽڸͷϣҪʵİЩ˵ٲҪĲԶɽܵһЩ̼
ĲԶɽǺε˵Ĳ˼ʲôԸĲԶɽôֻֻ֪ƬĲԶɽѾ˸ţ΢Ĭһ󣬱ҪȽǿó
ĲԶɽղعһ侭ʶȻ󼰵ģ䣬Ҳ첻ѡ
ۿãĲԶɽųʵСĴ͸ң
˵ͷԼ˵ĻȻ˵ϵĶӣҲ뷴ڡ
ֻĲ˼һԣʱˣ䣬˵ֵȻһ֮ŵûĶ˵ʲôҲôˡ
ңؼǣ䣬ջҪ䵽
˵£Ĳ˼绹ĲԶɽϴΣĲԶɽǿűˮأ
ĲԶɽǿűˮ飬Լһֱģôˣѵ˼
뵽ĲԶɽϽص
ֻǲŹƬ̣ĲԶɽֻĲ˼ˣŲӣֱ
ǿżֵڵıˮ飬϶ǱĲ˼˳ȥ
Ĳҵļ£ĲԶɽǱðҲǰĲ˼
£Ҳ˲ɫĲԶɽĲ˼˼ǽϣﲻˡ
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366 
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οϵ⣬ԭһܶĹء
Ů̯Ϲžˣһûûˣ׮Ҫƣǲ⡣
Сֵܣ̸أ̸ܲ˵


367 δı
˵ʵϰ̯⣬ÿɼĻǱȽ٣οֻƿӣһſҪǧ壬žɿţһǧˡ
ȻһӾͿȥ֮һļǮǼǮ̸ģҪƶˡ
˼ЦЦ磬ԲҵһѣˣٲҪȼ䣬ˣǼ̸
û뵽žɼԭǿ̵ҲͲٴƿˣַƿӣЦӣô˵ҲǷһٷпգߣȥһ˵ոȥĲС㣬㵹ԽԽ˰
ȻžĲ˼ԽԽƯһһſھǡոȥӡģ֪ģ⻰ˣԣĲ˼Ҳ
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ѵ˵žɵĹϱֵʮֳɫ̫žɿˣּĲ˼͹ȥģӦþǸĲ˼Щϵž֪һ㣬Ͱ浱һˣ
žһصЦЦոȥģظСֵʲôϵҶǺǡһҪء
ϣžɸϣž⻰һ˵Ĳ˼˶ǳһ漴׹
˳ǻԵɺ֮£ոžɽһģ֪䣬һﾹȻԼı
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ô֪һڵӹòǷһЩ
Ů̯ϹžֱӾͷ˴ƿӣʱֹһ粻ٲڹ۶ϣʲôңǣҪҲҸطҵ⡭
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Ĳ˼翴ͷ󺹵󱦣ЦҪҪ
һҪĲ˼ǯһĴ֣һҡͷЩֵ˵ʲô


368 
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Ů̯ԼϹһЩˣΣƿڴ¿յģƭ紵ɹĸٻˣ㲻æ㻹ң¿յľ㱾£ƴˡ
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ͷһĲ˼绹žˣʱվǺЦλֵܣʲôһǡ
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öȻеģҪλδı򣬺Ǻǡ
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žԥ˰Σ˵Ҳò̫߰ʮģҲͿˣ˵ģڿʽˣָҲˣҪҪģǸˮһЩոȥҪ߰ʮģ͸һԡ
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ϺõɽϣҲҪǧԪһˣʱϰڵ̯ˣȻû취صĶԣͷĶõϣҲǼֵɽϡ
⼸ֵ˵ȷǺܴԼıƣÿһҲǼٿ飬ᳬһǧ顣
־ڴˣͷҪǮֻǵЦЦ漴ʵϲĶֵģĶǸʲôأ
ͷ̾˿ԭԼĶǸͭһ˾ĹˣҵúܣһʩʱͷӵĶӣֽżˤҵǣֻˤһȣΪȣصĻĶҲˣھֻôڼԼ֣ϼСЩСǮա
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ͷӵЦЦԣСֵܣ㿴
ЦЦһ԰ɣҸûֻܸ飬ϲ㿴
ͷЦЦ⼸õǺɽϣҲͽֻմһ֣Ҫ˵ʵأ֮еͼģɽϵĲϽۣҲ߰Ǯһڼ۾͸ʵǸ߳ͷԤںܶࡣ
ԭָһܹһǧ飬ϲģһӼȻ߳ı
ոȥСֵܣ⼸ôߵļۣӣһǮžվһЦһ˵
һˣԹһĹأȻǡмһˡľͿڶ졣
ҺͷӲƽЩֻ΢΢ЦС磬⼸ҪǿۣǮҾͲ˵ˣ
Ҫ˸СһװˣȻóǮһɵúܣǮֽ𲻹Ҳһ飬ҲǸողŻ·˵ԭҲûֽ⡪ʵĽף˭пֽģֻһЩС⡣
ҲֻǴһ㻨Ǯ
黹ǧ࣬ЩεĲ˼硣
ǬҲвٵǮǶһһģʱͻȻ֮ôһ϶е׵ġ
ԣɴĿתĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼翴һԼĿ˿ǮҲ࣬Ҳǧ顣
ǧ飬Ĳ˼ƢŴϵģҪǰĲ˼඼ᳬٿǧѿǮ
˵ǮһҲǧεЦЦ׼һͷûôǮһɡ
ͷЦЦóһַŵĴȻ˵λС磬ཻһҲԵݣǮǮ٣ǧ飬Ҳʲô£պãǮЩɡ
̯ģǶСû뵽ͷӾȻ˴󷽣ǧ飬ҲҪˣ
žվִ˵ոȥǶȰǮǸӣҲһأСֵܣǧţǺǣոȥñ˵һͷӣٺ٣ӡ
һ£ҲЩˣһ˵ôôڲͣˣǣžһǮӲͷﻹ˵ոȥͼǧǮ𣿸ҼȱǮӡ
ЩεЦҲãŴ磬ȡĵطȡ㡣


369 
ոȥžһһЦһ˵ʲôǺǣӣǮ͵ǸĲС㻨ʲôʱϲƣǮһõó֣
žɵ⣬ԭЩѣԴӸײһ֮󣬵õĲҲٵչˣȻ֮䣬ԽԽԽԽ˳֣һôžɻǼġ
ڣֽ𲻹ԲûǮңģҲǽǧǮҪǹؾصĵĲȥŰݷãȻòֵġ
žɴ󷽷ĸĲ˼ǧ顰㻨ǮǿǼȾļ˳ˮۼһӵһ顣
ֱӵŰлǿǻöˡֻžʣúе㾫
ͷ̾һҲûƴǣϾڵ̯ɹܣǴ£ΪģҪһѡ
ͷǮҲûʮһСͷ͡
ԭҪŻȥɣ˳ԶԲģڣˣʰöŽ´漴ֻͨӵĵ绰
ǼһڲԱߣؼ֮ٲſԣһ߽ӵ绰һ߻ÿӣ룬ԱĲ
ϸĽһ£ڣԼһˡžۣʵ̫ҪˣܹӰ쵽ҽĸ顣
˵ʱûܻؼңΪҵĸºЩж˼Ҵһ£һ˵˼û
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ɣ裬Խӹ绰˵˺һ߶߶ģһĸ׶Լһ۰˵۾̲סЩʪ
׹˵绰Ų˲۾Ȼתͷͷ˵ҪȥͷӼȥ˳㻹ҪϼС
ͷӵȻˣοĴͻ£ͷæʰһ¶ǰ̯ˡ
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Сʦ⣬ʯ̣УǺܶеˣжأΪʯԭϣȲͨʯͷʵƷΣô˵ǻǮģеģȻǺֱýʡϣһиһЩ˷ѣҪֻЩƷʵضôģҲͰˣǱʯԭģҪиǻþḻĴʦܵļ㣬ҪȻϵӴһ飬Ǿϰǧʧ
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ЦЦҪСʦʾһ£һСҼȻ΢һġ
СʦЦЦ´ϽǿԭϽ˹ȻʼϼǺš
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СʦȴûĹǣԭϼֵ֮⣬СʦգҲҪռ൱һֵİգСʱԭϵļǺűȫ˳ٶ˼ӣ΢ĶǺţСʦĵ˵ͷ
ôʱüǺţֻһ裬ͿļۻңޱȣĲ˼ˣȻһΣҲҪСʦϵĳ嶯


370 Ҫ
СʦʱҲ˽ȥ뵽ҵ״̬֮УüǺţȻиߡ͡
ǰֹɣִĹߣǾͲһˣĵطɰֻ׵ģ׵ͷٶȾͼһ࣬һδߣܿͳˡ
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ĥһõʱ䣬Ҳǰһγһ롣
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Ȼⲻ˵ϾܿһµˣĲ˼˵ӡУѾǸˡ
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ˣһͼһ󣬴ĥһ֮УСʦȫģȫ˽ȥ·֮䣬ȫֻвסԾĹߣԼεĹ
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˺һ;λ죬һ㣬񣬵־Բ
˺һ뵽һʡǡ沿ȷĲ˼òмƣŮԵȴûĲ˼Ѿ˵ָңû˵ĸպңĲ˼ҲͲĲ˼ˡ
ĲС㡭žɽӹ񣬿˺һ̲סʧе
ոȥⲻĲСӣüë۾°ͣٺ٣ӣգҲǵˡ
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СʦЩݸ˵֮˵ǰѡϣͼһҪϵĹһҵʦͨ˵Ҳֻʦˮƽ֮ĵ̼پҪʮĹףûɿȡģ
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СʦΪһ¹ʣ˴¹֮󣬾ҲܲμĹ֮ʮһֱǱĵ̣˵Ҳ̹꣬ĶҲټǧΪֹȻﲻҡزֻͨҲѾСɡ
ҪȻҲһ
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žһĨϵ֭ٺЦӣþûԵôˣոȥɩӣû
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СʦֿʼΪǼȽһģԣòˣҲ⡣
һ߿СʦƵ̣һ߸Сʦġ
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Сʦһ߸ͼǺţһ߿ЦŻش˵Դˤ֮󣬹ûˣҾҲÿ£Ҫ飬ĸҲǳԲڴҪǮˣǸԸģһ˭ţ˭ҸͶء
Ĳ˼΢΢ЦЦʵӹʯ⣬ӦǺ׬Ǯİôûأ
СʦЦţ˵ͭطʯĴ̼ң˾ֺֹһˣҪĻ֮£ƴó̸ף˵ƾһ֮һж桭
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ǮžĲ˼˵ǵȷֻһ㻨Ǯëë꣬ǶСʦļͥ˵ǿɾһ֣Сʦ˵ڣծ֧
ҲСʦһ̾ϢһСʦиӹȻͦͨСӹСʦȥƵ̡ӹСʦЩҪ
ʱĲ˼Ҳ׹ϧʳԣȥɣ˳˵õԭǿСʦĵա
Ҫӹ飬һֱûĲ˼˵ҪƵ̵ʦ£Ĳ˼Ҳ֪
˵ôֱףĲ˼һҪ׬ͷǮȻҪԼļӹ
Сʦ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵ʲôģ˾̼ңҪģǶǷǳĺʦˣ˼ῴۣ
ҡҡͷ˵СʦҪǲԸ⣬ҲͲҶ˵ˣСʦǸ˼ҵ֪ôһطҪСʦ˲ţңҲź񡭡
СʦǸм˵Сֵܣлָ㣬Ҫĵطҿ϶
ǺһЦĲ˼һַСʦԼˣ죬СʦȥԷ̸
СʦСպĲ˼ĵַȻȻϤǱߵܲܽһǱߴµ
ЦЦ򵥵˵ǱߣΪҵҪ׼һС͵ļӹ䣬СʦգȥĻǾǵһԱڹʡϣǿ϶õö࡭
СʦţԭЩɬϣ¶Цݡ


371 ҷԼ
Сʦһ󣬸žɷ֣һ⳵ֱӻص·ı
ԭΪôˣҲӦö˯˰ɣû뵽ŽȻɣϼӶڿ
ӦöڵȺؼҰɡ
ֻǣĲ˼˽ݣӸɣϼ˶ЩĿ
Ϊûܻҳɣ
ţԼѾ˵绰˵Լôô˻ˣ
ӿȲ˵磬᲻Է˵£Ϲ㣬Ǹϵ飬ɵøǽС
һ˵ӸɣϼΪ²ҪҪ˵ʱȻֵɳһȻЦſӡ
ϵ飡Ĳ˼һʱڶ뿪Է֮ǰ˵úõĿһĽ飬Ľʲô
´һƬ輸һӣȻĲ˼˵ϴԼɣôǲԶǵĲ·
Ĳ˼ƬϸϸĿһ£ֻƬǾдŵǡʴ󶫷鱦˾ܾϡ
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Ĳ˼Ȼ̫Լҵ񣬵ż֮䣬Ĳ۵˵Щ飬Ĳ˼绹Щӡġ
ʱҲĿһ˵ӣҪǸˣߺߣƾʲôȥˣ
ˡĲ˼ʱʧ˳
ӵɫ淢ˣҲҪǿĽ࣬ǿˣǮͻԼڴ˷ܵ飡ƫƫûʲôȤ˵ʲôǧ߲һ齣ᣬһղ͡ӵеĶ֣࣬٣㲻ңԴ»±Ǩֻеˮƽƽ棡
ûЦɵ˵ԲˣӣȻ⣬Ǿұ˶ԣ⣬ȴû̫ȤοҲˣǵģһһС
սһƽʢղأƽʢἰ鱦ЩǸѪܵıŲСĹϵģڵ鱦ҵǸ˾ҵ˺ٲҪľߣһѪɺӵĵز
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Ӷʱһ磬Ҫʲô
ȥһ˻ôˣһڣϡ䣬װˣţ˼ҳĳˣҪ͹ѴѵӣһڰѰ׻ƣǮг𰡣ǰҹԴͿˣ
ɣϼҲǵĵĿŪΪʲôǸǰһ˰
ٺٵЦЦ˵ӣֵܣϼ˼Ҳˣ⻰Ҿֱ˵˰ɡ
ʵܼ򵥣ˣҪ˵룬ζ룬ѵǾûƾʲôȥ룬ƾǵΪֹȱԴӣƾϽеһЩԴǿɲҪ˵ƾϵʽǼʣ䣡
ӴվƬ̣ſ˵磬˵һ𣿡
һż˵ˣ޷ҲǶһ۵·ӣ˶鱦˾ʲôôһ㣬ҪǵģضǵõģҪȻǽǵƣǸͼƷֳʲôǴ򹤣ҲòֲƷøֳۣʲôøǳɱ׬ģʲôǮ
ô˵ɣԴĿǰԣЩ䵱˳ŵͶ˵鱦ҿŵ˵ͭǣǻһϯ֮أǣҲֻǵͶ˵͵Ⱑ񶫷ĸ߶ݳƷ⣬Ǹû취ȥһشۼ©һεûĶȥ˼ҳɹģë
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Ǳ߳Լβ˳ζܣһգۣ׹뷨̲ס˵ⷽ棬㲻ΪҵֵܣⶼõߣʵǸߡ
ȷҲǣĬ˰ΣɣϼҲ˿˵˵ǼˣҲǱչһ˽ȥҲǸԼԴϴ˸ӣ¶治ܸɣ
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ҪȻĲԶɽҲڰصҪ
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Ȼ˵ӣϸЩ
輸ϣʨӡϻʲôĵΪȫʯ̳ģȻվǱȲϵȺ˵ЩҲֻͨĶȲĹء
ԣֻɨһ۲輸ϵǼ漴ȥĹ
Բ輸ϵĵںҲֲӣܿóľʵĺûڵǲһҪ֮УҪֱ浶ôӵԶԶĴﲻǸز


372 
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ǣӿһ֮Ц磬صҪ͸ϴİɣҪȻôϴģ
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һɣϼԴЩˣԼʲôãƫƫҪⲻ鷳
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ĵ񹦣Ҳֻ͵ĲƷԵͶ˵ߡ
ոմЩϡ䣬ĵ񹤣ԵľǴСˣЩϡ䣬ֻЩȥƵ̣Ųûһϡļֵ
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Ӹɣϼ˳Ĭ˺һһ˵ĻλСʦܹǵȻ֮ˡ
˵ͷ˵ȻҶô룬飬ǾͲòúõһ¡
飬Ҫ۵ģǼӹĹģǸܹؼĻڣӹĹģСֱӹϵҵͶʶ٣Ͷʶ٣ȴֱҪиȣԣʲôλãҲǺܹؼĵط
˵һһھֻԼʯӹ಻ܳĹģĲ˼ɣϼȴãĹģʵ̫С
Ҫģǿ˵һǧңԼֲȱǮ㲻ܰѹģٴҲܹڵĺᡣ
һհѼӹĹģڰ˰ңȻ⡰˰򡱣ָǼӹʽ𣬲裬Լʽ豸
ȻǴͶʣٲйɷݷ䣬ȻͶϣռ˴ͷռ˰ٷ֮ʮĹɷݣĹɷݣĲ˼硢ɣϼֻаٷ֮ʮ壬ӹҪʦԱĹɷаٷ֮ʮ塣
۹һҶйɷݣǾǸԼȻ׬һЩǮڹϣȻٻһЩѪ
һӹܿͶ
Ϊֹ˵ĲҵϾ˸ΣҲֻ򼸸˶졣
ֻǼǰ;һƬʱ򣬿Ĵűˡ
˿ʱ䣬ʮˣ˭ţ
һʱЩסˣҹŵģȻ˸Ĳ˼
ʱĲ˼ͷҲɢˣ·ҲЩңֻ۾ײûٿ޹ңұһںڵӡһ֪Ǳȹ⡣
ôĿĲ˼
ԼȥĲԶɽĲ˼˵ˣ֪ĲҲ̫ƽû뵽Ĳ˼һߣĲһ᲻̫ƽزĲ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼ҲգĿһ˵һƿŻ䣬ֱͽ˿
Ĳ˼ӣĲ˼硢ɣϼ˾ĿУҡڵĽ˿ȻİһӣȻɳһֳȵҶˣȥҵԵ
Ĳ˼ɳƣӦǿ޵ú˵ģң˼ҲûУеģֻǷŭм
˼ôĲ˼վţĿĲ˼ʵ
Ĳ˼ĮĿһĲ˼磬˰Σź޺˵㻹˼ʣⲻȫ㣡
һڨڨʵĲС㣬ô°ܲܰѻ˵һЩ
Ĳ˼һӣ˵ʲô£Ĳ˼磬ʲô˲ãƫƫҪҵļǰȥһүүְ֡е˶ңҪҡҪҸ
˶٣Ĳ˼˵ðھ͹ʲôáء
˼ַˣĲ˼綢Ĳ˼ЩԾʵ
Ĳ˼Ĩһᣬ˵ַߺߣʲôʸȥַĲңʲôǣҲûû˰ļңҪҪʲôϵĲ˼磬ҿԺ֣صĸ㣬ҸĲңȫϾ˹ϵӽԺǾˮˮҲûʸˡ
˵Ĳ˼ٴο
ɣϼɳϣֻ۾ģĲ˼硢Ĳ˼ֱת
ӣĲ˼С˼ڣɣϼϼӷʵڲ뵽ĲҵүǶȻҪĲ˼ޡ
װ
ܵʲôĲ˼翴Ĳ˼סĨᣬҲ̲ס۾ʵ
ܵʲôܵʲôߺߣ뿪ĲңĶҲȥĶҲȥˣǵĻҲҵ
Ĳ˼һˮһߴ


373 ǲ
һԣڨڨЦЦ˵ӭĲС뵽ͥ
һ仰û˵꣬Ĳ˼ĴӵĻͷǵĴͥ㵱ʲô˰㣬Ҫһ˵ġ
ӱǺһ£Ĳ˼֮£ԭҲ֪һЩԴȥϱ߳һ֮Ĳ˼֮Ƿݸ飬ǿˡ
Ĳ˼ʱûȫȻҲ˵
Ĳ˼Ӽֱûû˵Ĳ˵ǸЩ鷳ҪĲ˼Ĳ˼Ůӣû׼̾ͻûȻߡ
ڣĲ˼˾ҪģģҪҲ˵ȥ
˵Ĳ˼𣿴ӵİĲ˼ڿǮĶĲ˼ٵڣڿǮ䣬װ׵͸Ĳ˼벻Ĳ˼ж£ͷ𱨣һιİǣ
һһŮǣ
ֱ߲ӾôĲ˼
˭֪Ĳ˼ɾᣬ˵ǰҾһǣܰôţһе飬˺ңҲҪ˵˭ȥ
ʱӳһЩԵģ˵輸ϣȻ󵭵ЦЦ˵УҪ˵ҸȳԵ㶫ӣҪȻҸ˵Ҳòʧ
Ĳ˼ģ룬ʹڣǿȥ΢΢üͷŭôѳԣι𣿡
ԵģĲ˼ƣҪŭԼӵˡ
ƫƫĲ˼ôһ˵ӡ̲סЦιҲã˳ԵҲãĲ˼Լڳ԰
Ĳ˼ǳ˼һ㣬Ĳҵ𣿡
Ĳ˼ǰķһƣ̧ͷĲ˼磺˵ˣڣĲңҰϵҲûУҲòѵҡ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ֽеˣˣҪ˯
Ҫ˯Ǿ͵з䣬д̣ⶰ䲻٣ȻסɣһҡķɩĲ˼硢Ȼкüŵķ䣬סһĲ˼ȻҲǴ´ࡣ
ֻҪĲ˼ס£ͲôĲ˼ȥѡ񷿼ˡ
Ĳ˼룬ʱ򣬶ʲôҹˣҪĲ˼ȥǿ϶ǲɵģ˵Ĳ˼ڵӣ¾ҸƵȥסĲ˼ҲûǮң˭Ĳ˼һȥסƵꣿ
Ĳ˼粻ѣֻðĲ˼ԼǼ䷿Ĳ˼ס¡
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ס䷿ҪһµģĲ˼ǰĲ˼죬ҲͲ˵ˣֻߺߵһҲĲ˼ˡ
ֱʱĲ˼ֻĲ˼һ绰Ĳ۴Ҳû˵ֻһĲ˼磬֪֪Ĳ˼䡣
֪Ĳ˼һĲ˼һĲ̾һ͹˵绰
Ĳ˼绹Ҫʼģ룬ˣְ֡衢үүͷϣԽʣֻԽա
˺һĲ˼Ź˷ţһȥ
ӿסôһˣзȥô
ɣϼȴǶͷʵĲ˼ʲôϵ
˰ΣûĴʲôϵҸͬѧ֪ģҰΣҲǶ֪ģĲүүǱ߶ЩøУҪոĲ˼ĹϵҿǼܾ˵İ
˶٣˵㡢㶼ңҿ׵úܣߣôҺİæЩˣһȴǡ
˵䣬Ĳ˼¥ЩƵʵô
ôһôҲЩƣڵĻϿյģƷԴһҲûУ±͹ͷʹˣּĲ˼̶鷳һʱ֮䣬ôȥõ
Ĭ˺һͻȻٺٵЦ磬ԩͷծ˼ҪҲֻǺ㣬ҪȳȥһϼǸĲСԩ޳ģܲǶŵɡ
˶ΪĲ˼ĹϵҲøôȥԸĲ˼õİ취ǾֻбܿʡĲ˼ڼ󳳴֣ŵɣ衣
ȥһܷͷһ£ҲǲԣǼһ̯飬ô
ɣϼĿ˵һʱ䣬٣磬Ҳȥˣ죿
ѾѧУˣֲýģͿĲ˼ɣꡢΰǼˡ
ԭǷˣ
ֻǣɣϼô˵ȻҲһ˽ĵģȥֻĲ˼ţԼҪڼչ裬Ѳɣ⼸ż٣øߣôô
ֻɣϼôһ˵Ҳ۾һ԰ϴҾʹӦ꣬Ҫȥ漸ģٺ٣θɡ
סĲ˼ӿ϶Ҳۣãʱ䣬һɣ꣬ȥɷɣû׼Լİ̵룡
ƽĲ˼ԼǿϣǵڣĲ˼Ҳû˷ӣĲ˼ûȫ侲֮ʣôԴĲ˼ǶпԤ֪ĺ
һ֮Ĳ˼Ҳ޳ȳȥ㡱һ󣬰Ĳ˼䴦Ĳ˼ڵ״̾Ͷп˵ֻ̣ʵ䷴ƣĲԶɽҲ֪ԣû绰Ĳ˼ҪôҲͽֻԵһ£Ĳ˼ڵ䣬֪ߣĲ˼һҲû˵
̾һЦ˵ô˾ǱµŻؼһ죬ֵҪȥε
ɣϼĳ˵˵ģмڣһʱ֮󣬾Ǵ󿼣Ҫٽ󿼣Ҳڲʱһ£ȥһ£Ҳкô
һʱ䣬ʹ֮ʱʱ仹أ㬵˵
һƣٺٵЦ磬ɲ֪ڴ֮ǰʱϢһ쵽굽鱾Ҫö࣬Ǻǣȥߣ죬̵ĵأȥѧϰһ鱾ѧ֪ʶٺ١ݽϣȫ
ȫƨֹһ
ȫʲôģͲȥˣһ˳ȥӣ룬һգۼ䣬һѧֹȥˡ
٣û취ڼˣѧУĹĲ˼ٶסϺö졣
Ĳ˼Ҳ붼ͷʹġ
˰ôһ磬ӣĲ˼˴ӣԱӸɣˣȥεһȦȥȥʱ䣬;ĳſҵƷԴĵط
һҹ޻ڶһ磬˴ҪȥԷϣԼСʦ飬ȸͨҪȻСʦˣۻŶġ
ֻ¥ݣȴɣϼɣѾ˿ɣϼǴû˯ɣȴ˷ܣƣӻ˭ųȥһ˵͸¶˸ԣɣ˷ľ˴
Ҳ֪Ĳ˼Ƕģ£Ҳһˡ
ױҲ¥ֱߵϣ˿ɩͣɩͣģ壬רΪɣģ̫嵭˺ߣԡ
ʱɣԱߣһ߳ͣһʵγȥʲôʱ
ӣ֪Ҫȥһˣɣ궼ЩȲˡ
ǰɣҵļҾǾȣ˫ݼʲôģΪ˽ʡ֧ɣҲĲֻ˽֮󣬿֧ʲôģԵľͲҪȥˣңɣ껹˵һ׮ͽʮڣɣ͸ӲǮˡ
ܳȥһˣɣȻǿԼ


374 
ֻһԵĲ˼˵Ҫȥ̲סüѾͷ˼һȻóֻٵֻдд
Ĳ˼һԣбЩת飬ʱȻȥ
ɣϼݲݵĳ㣬ȻһȥԷ
ɣϼҪȥϰ࣬ȥСʦ飬һγΣǵҪȵܳ
ϾһȻֻǳȥ棬Ҫ׼ĶҪ׼һ£ԣҾ;żϳ
ԣɣԹͣ͸ӡĲ˼ȥ׼Ʒ
ɣϼԷҲľ͹ϰˣ˼棬ɣϼǸǰһʮڿĴɨʰӡ
Сʦ˵һ£û뵽ЦԭҪƼģСʦͦģۻûüСʦк
۸Сʦˣ͸һЩ£ĸĽ˵һ飬ȻҪҲŵùСʦĻҪģǾǳͷˡ
˵ʯӹʱСʦһнϣͻǰɵķʽСʦٷ֮ʮĹɷݣµĻаٷ֮壬ӹԱģôĺôǣҶΪԼɻȻͲ¡
ͷ˵СʦҪǹЩһСʦģСʦ֪ضҲϲ쳣
۽ϣһûóõĲرͼ۰æһĲرͼ򿪡
ǽҪĵڶ£֮һҪҪ
ͬķѴ׵Ȼҩۣݣգ۽һŲرͼ뿪
һͼϣŵһĺΪǺľֲʲôطвһֲ棬ڷֲϲԶĵطһɰĺȦͼ֮⣬һƬհס
һſȻĲرͼ
óŲرͼǴһŵĴͼϼģҲ˵ڵŲرͼͬǴĲرͼϲġ
Ŀǰ˵ͼȴһԣҪͼҳߣǲܵ顣
ԭһЩϣ̾һһγȥֻȥһˡ
ȥ棬ЩҲܲ׼
ԣԷȥԼĴͣĳȡ˳ȻֱӾȥרӻг
һתûʲôǮǻȥ˺üʮĶȻǲˡ
磬һ˱һüһӡĲ˼硢ɣ׼ĸıĹҵģĶǲ١
ֻǿҵһƧĵط˵磬㿴ЩҳǮʮģԱ˰ɡ
ʮ򣿡ɴ۾һôôˣһ־ʮ
ӿ˵ͷҿǴӰ̣һӵֻˣ磬Ϊһİ
ЦЦӣٺ٣ҪûŶҿķֺ죬㹻֧Щ֧ˡ
аٷ֮ʮĹɷݣһЩ䣬㲻㻹ûȥģֻǷֺ죬ӿǧ̵УƫƫϣȻװ˺ͿҪƽԼͶʮǮ
ЦЦһǧ̣ҲǵģʮǮͰҪȥҪƵģ߬һ֣Ҳ᲻һ塣
ϱʿ֧ԭŵʱøˣ˺һ㬵˵úáЩװҳǮˣһ·ϵĳѣ͡
ЦЦһγȥǮడ⻰˵
ʱɣ걳һıߵǰͷʵӸ磬˵һΣҪϣȥɳĮٺ٣ǵطҪȥĵط
ӵͰѵصƻˣֻһΣҪȥĵطӦ鱦ḻĵط֮ʣ˳㿼Դһá
ȻӵͼƻˣҪƷƻӦǺѡ
ȻˣҲֻõĴðɳĮΣգܹʱ䣬ҲǺܶ࣬㲻ڣ
ɣҡҡͷȥɳĮⱲ룬ȥһۣԲΣҲ㹻ˣʱ䳤̣ʲôϵ
룬òɣҪȥɳĮԸ°룬ҸСһɳĮһɣԸգͷвٵҪء
룬ɣ˵ҸĲ㡢Ӹ綼ˣһΣǾһйĹŴ˿֮·ȥʶʶưĶػ͡
һӦһɡ
Ҫ֪˿֮·ߵ±½Ҳкüǧ·һǲ°
ЩŭתͷӣҪȥɳĮ⣬Ӧӳİɡ
ʼ磬ٺٵЦҲȫҳ⣬Ҿṩ˼ֵΣСԼѡ˭֪һѡɳĮңصѡҪһ˿֮·ٺ٣磬治ҡ
̲סŭ𣺡ãҲ㣬ҡ㹤ʡ
ӸϽĶӣһһ߻еǴôʲô˲ġһ·ϣжżСһΰġԴԶĹĻʲôá
޲׷ӣƨһţɣԹĻʲôģԶһдʡص·ϣȥСƣһɷѿĵĿĲŶԣ
ܵſڣعͷԶԶ˵ҪܷСƣǻȫһá
һĵ¡ֳһֱӶӡ
ӹЦš
Ц֮УһգۣӵıӰˡ
ɣȻ֪Ǵֹ˵ģЩĵʵǵطҪȻǡط
Ȼɣô˵ţкܴһζ
ǲֱӾͷɣԸ
˺һ̾һ˵ȻǾ˵ģʲôط߰ɣҪٲߣ˳ӣ˵Ҿ͸ı⡭
Ĳ˼ֱӶĻ𳵣ֱģӸɣꡢĲ˼̶ļƻȻֱӴɳĮ֮죬˳ɹһ
Ҳ˵һγȥ棬ֻǱֱȥҪЩ·ҪĿĻΪ˵ȥǱߵĺ
ĵģҲֻһͷʱˣ˲ҵ飬ҴʰȻͳ
ֻʵ벻ǣڻվĸȻˣ
Ĳ˼ΰ
һģһһ㡢Ũü۵Ẻӣһݾݵˡ
ˣĲ˼綼ʶŨü۵ĺӣĲ۾ߵĻƣҲǱڣ³ǾݾݵˣǷǱߵıڣȪ
ˣǷǰĲ˼ΰ˵ġ
³ȪˣĲ˼磬ȵĴ˸кȻһĲ˼Ҫȥĵط
Ĳ˼ֻǳò˵һ´µķ
룬³Ц˵Ҳ׼Ǳȥɣһ·Ҳ˸ˡ
ӸˣĲ˼ûʲôøУԷΰ͸˵ˣ׻ø˵ֱӰ˸˹ȥ
·죬˭˭˭ȥĶȥĶ˭Ҳûʲôɡ


375 ˿·
ɣƽ˼ѧУĵطûᣬԣʲôú棬ӵ˸ΰ죬ɣͷ±ӸæţȻĲ˼磬Ҫȥ䡣
ΰϲ쳣վЦ˵ܣ׼ȥʲôط᲻ͬ·
شһԺٺٵЦ׼ȥɽȥ˲Σ㲻˵Ҫȥɣ
ΰЦЦ˼˭׼ȥǿ죬Ǻǣãһ˳·Ǽĳ
ӺںڵһЦжʮӡ
ƨһţʮ֮ڣһֱĳΣⲻֱӳԼ˵˻ѣ
ȻΰЦЦ漴Ӻ˴˸к˵ҪϴּһˣȻ󣬴Ĳ˼ˣƬ̱㲻Ӱ
һţӲ޵Ľе
ŭѵ׶ȫˣ
û뵽һ㵣漴Цʲô׶Ҹ
˶٣ѹصĶ˵һǸǹȥһˣţϲҲԵͷ
ԷΰûʲôøУ˵ԼһҪʰΰ˵ҪʰΰҲкܶķĿǰΪֹ˻㲻ǲͷֱӾͰɡ
ΰһ˵ӣҪԼһ˺棬ԼҪȥĵطǿǶͻ˵ĵطΰĲ˼һװû׼ҪֱӸȥøӻ
ôں˵飬˵ʲôҲԸȥңҲԼֵ뷨
ΰҪȥɳĮûʲô취ȥֹǣǺһǶ׼һ㣬õġ
ӺٺٵЦЦȻһֱۣǹ죬ȴ֪ԼǸĺˣðģðģֵѣֵˣ˭ѴͰ˭ĺˡ
Цһ£ôҪǴҶߵһ飬ҪǷΰΪװϵԭʱ򻹲Լһ˵鷳
Ȼмĺˣ룬ҲȷˣҪ˿ԲܣĲ˼Ǽһﻹܲܣô˵Ĳ˼Ҳϴð
ҵǸʱ򣬾ԼܶС
һ㣬ӺٺٵЦɣһǣȥˣˡǺǡˣ˵ףҪȥĵطɳĮٺ١
ЦţرѡɳĮĸּ⵹һ˵ҪĲ˼ǵʱΪװ⣬鷳ԼǾҲʹ죬ڰʲô˵ˣʱҲһ׮鷳
ЩĵǣӷΰĲ˼һ֮󣬾Ҳûͷˡ
ңʮʱ䣬һգ۾͵ˣĲ˼ɣϳʱ䡣
˻𳵣ҵԼ̣źȻȥͳͲͣû뵽ڲͳͷʹ
κܺǸƷͭӵͷҲڲͳͲ͡
ˣӶϵõģĲ˼ȴֻϵκܺ
κܺεһЦȻҪһԷ
κܺĲ˼ӶԷΰôһ񣬵Ҫ˵ɶκܺ緽ΰ
ΪĲ˼˵κܺһҪռˣΰͲһˣΰռıˣȥռ
лκܺȻԼλã˼ˣȻݲݵĳһЩĸ˸ϽصԼȥϢ
벻ǣɣҲ֪ôˣǲĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ʶһЩϡŹֵ⣬ҪĲ˼絽ȥ䣬Ĳ˼ҪһĻҲңֱ˶ƣ벻˯ȥ
һ˷糾ͣ˻𳵣ڶػ͡Źصȵξ˼գ漴˼أǰߣǾѾһ޼ʵɳĮ
׼ôҼ˳Ȼ󴩹ɳĮֱӵִȻں̻죬֮ʹظ
˭֪ɣǼԣռƻһˣͲһҪıƻ˵ʲôҲɡ
Ȱ˵ЧֻڽɳĮǰһСס£򵼣ٴβɹһЩװ֮ʡ
ԭĲ˼磬ȥ򵼵ģɣȴǽظĲ˼ߣִҪһȥ
һĸ˸ɴһȥطɫСʲôģһСһ򵼣һá
˵֪ڣոټϱŵɳĮ̽ѰصϣҲ٣򵼣ʱͲ̫ˡ
Ҳ뵽ǰϲֻҪҲ򵼣һҪȥɳĮ̽ϣͻ
ȥѰұصϣˣܾصȻܾĴظ
֮ʣһװĺӣק˹
˫ֺʲضһҾȻֺú˵ϰ壬˵ҪȥɳĮ
ö룬϶קˡ
ҾǳɳĮģɳĮÿһɳӣҶκ˶ҪϤ˰Ȼ˵
ɹˣЩĵʵ
˵ɳĮҵĲ԰Ӷɣ㾭ٴβ԰ӣжٽ԰ӵľ飬Ӳ
ЦЦǰ壬ԭ˿·̣Ҿ˿·ϳģĲ˵˿·û߹һٴΣҲ߹˰ʮΣңΪԼ⣡򵼣Ҹûɹ꣡
һΪרҵأû뵽˼Ҷרҵ򵼣һ˼קʲô
ЩŭĿ˿ӡ
ȴЦЦ˵û˵򵼣ǴǾҪˣĿĵ¡˵ҲɳĮ飬˵ֻҪһЩǮͿԸǴǺǡǮ˵㲻ʲô£Բԣ磿
ЦЦ˵Ҳȥһ£ÿһ꣬ǴﴩԽɳĮģǿɶˣҸһ𣬾ԿԱ֤ǵİȫ
ܱ֤ȫԥһ£漴ʵѣҪǮ
ЦЦͷ㣬ÿһʮ飬һ·ϵĳԵĺȵסģٲǮˣǹܷˮ
һʮ飬һĸˣҲʮǮǮ
Ƕһ䣬жˣ
ЦЦ˵ǱʱŸˣǣΪֹѾʮˡ
ʮˣҲ룬˶࣬Ӵ󣬴ĲȻҲͶˣңһĳ̶˵˶࣬Ҳȫöࡣ
ǮС£ֻҪȫ£ֱһǮݸȵ˺ٸµġ
Ǯ´Ĳ˼硢ӡɣˣǵľۼء
ľۼأСĺӱߣһΧɵӪأӪԱߣʮͷգӪкü˶æµ׼յϣɰĻȵȣһжԵæµ
һӪأɣ㼱ʰһ·ȥǲգ
Ц˵ǵȻҪȻƾһ˫ţҲ߲ɳĮġ
⼸쳵ɣЩˣ˵չȥɣǲ
Ӷ˷ܲѵʱ򣬰Ӫˡ
һˣҲ˷ܲˡ
ˣһκܺͷӣһȴǺü춼ټĲ˼ΰĸˣ


376 
һ̣˷ֱܲƭ˵ĸоǸ˿·ӣ˵˴ֻ˳ӣô֡ΡͽԽɳĮΡָо
˵ˣǰһˣһЩɢοټȡһӶȻο͵Ҫȥĵطʮһ˵շѣι˾ȡķÿҪһ붼ֹ
Ҳͦð룬ԼҰȥһСĶ֮ڨڨЦЦ˵
㬵˵㵹ͦʲôСȻǴǾֻǵİˡ
Ĳ˼ȴüͷ˵ʮǮֻС£ǣֻܸǴˡ
ǱߣΰĲ˼ͿʼǮˣҪĲ˼ط֣ҲҲʮ򶨽飬ҪǮҲνⶨҪĲ˼Ҳеǰ취Ҫ
Ĳ˼ҲҪ˿˳ʲôģѾˣԼߵ˰ȫҪĲ˼İȫҲͬҪ
֮£ԸȥҲѾûİ취롪ֻӲͷƤƭȥ
˵Ҳ֣ķֱԭЩ㲵Ĳ˼ڼˣ࣬ҲɷһϣɬĺΣˣҲû˵ǰӲӣĸĲ˼˴к
κܺͷȴʼոĲ˼룬Ĵ˸кȻȥæԼˡ
һնӣͽʮˣȻһδҲΪλ˿·Ӵ˽һ롣
ҿˣһ뼸Ӷ˻ǵǮҲ˰ɡ
Ļһ۸˻ȥҪһСõŴҶϡ
ۿɫ磬ӪҲʰ׵ƣѴټһȻһЩеĹ򣬵ȻһЩȻնӴôһжָӣȻˣҲΪ˴ҵİȫ롭
ϻ˵ʮӣĿ޷ֻһʾ㹻ЩˡӴǴˣ˭Ҫǲָӣκ¹ʣŲ
زȻ⣬Ҳȥ˵ʲôˣǶ˵ʲôΰȻҲ޻˵³ȪҲһ֨κܺͷ͸˵ˡ
Ȱķϻ˵꣬ȻǷַ
õǣÿͷϣһë̺ӣȿΪ棬ҲΪҹӪϵ̺ӡ
Ҳ˿·˴ҵĴѣṩһķɡ
˳ԵĺȵģԼҪϡˮȫš
һʮŸˣʮͷգС򣬽ɳĮ
ԭΪգܹ޳۳ҵɣ꣬ŪúЩƣ˰ǾŸˣ˵գеնһ˩һ𣬸Ŵһߡ
˵ʮˣûգҲ֪յıԣҪǵɼݳˣ°ȫ롣
ȷһҪİȫأǲɵģҪȻκκǶԼ𣬶ңǿ˵Ǵļɣ˭Ҳأ̾߳նӣѾ˵ֽ𣬺ٺ٣ֻҪҪȥ
ǣڷԣΰǷ棬ȻڣҲһԣκܺ͸һԲֻձϣ˯
һ·ȻҲǧٹֵŵΣ׳ƥɽϿȣվΪһļɣе˶ûȥϸ͵Ȥ˩һϵһ㣬ֻǻеģĳź﷽
һ죬磬նӽ뵽һСޣ˵ޣҪΪһĺΧһЩʶɳĮеҰݾһЩŤŤĺ
֮һƬֻƣһƬֻƵģ˳Է˯ձɽȹɣ˵ԼⰻȻݣľϲֱǲ״
նͣҪһ죬ѾĵˮݣԼιգӦҲҲˮݵһ·
ɣգǺţֱӾҪ˽ȥܺˮܹ̹
ĵİںϷˣɣ˻һİˮ򣬲ˮһоǣոմҶǱ̫ɹüѣ˹ȥȻˮΣգ²
Ҫȥϴ裬ҲúúõϢһʱ䣬Լºͻָȥϴ裬ŻȰȫ
ķԸɣȻΥ֣£۰Ͱ͵źˮİＸ˴
һļˣжϵʣȻշſڵڲݵϿʳֻտգİڵ߸ˣĴ׼˵׼ˡ
ˣǼһֱŵİɣڲˣѹˮһЩɲߣֱһˮȻЩߵȥȻˮտˣͷַÿһŲɡ
˵ʵҲΣķʳͳԵЩˣһҲ
ĸ˵ҲȥѳԵķԼһ˶ģﵽ˺ϡ
ɣȴҲһЩѵˣԳԵȴޣӹֵַķˣľͳ
Ĳ˼͸˵ˣĻ£ܳԵЩѾǺܲˣû׼죬ĶԲϣҲǳԵúǿġ
ǣĲ˼ΰȻǳԵˣӦԲҲȥԼһݣԼϵʳʲôģ˳
⼸֮УĲ˼Ȼɫ˲٣и˴ʱ䣬Ĳ˼Ǹΰһһҵӡ
ΰСӣҲ֪ǹŪ飬ܹݣĲ˼ǲ䲻ȡ룬Ĳ˼൱һξ롣
ƫƫԽĲ˼ȻԽᣬԸΰˮĲ˼ϲԵƬݵΰǰ
ΰֻǿ˿ߣȻͺǿĻؾĲ˼ӹȪݹţ̣
ÿÿҡҡԴȻ˿Ĳ˼磬΢΢̾һ
ÿÿʱĲ˼Ҳ̾һǴһɳʪһɵˣһݳصգеһУᣬĵ
κܺͷԭӦǸһߵ˽ΪϤģǶЩΣڻ𳵲ͳֱӻؾκܺԣһ·˼죬κܺ뷽ΰ߸׽ܹκܺģҲֻĲҵڣ³ͷȪĲ˼ΰκܺȣһҲȥΰǲԸȥκܺͷ
ʮ˷ֳ˼ΧһСȦӣԼķˣĬģָЦģҵģ˽ġһ㡣


377 ʮĿ
˲Ÿոճ극꣬һȻˣ벻̫Ҳһһ
Ǹ˾Ͳˣһ˶԰棬Ψһ˳⡱ĵ
ʲôڲͬ
һ㣬һˣΰĲ˼κܺͷˣ̾ͰĿⶢӵϡ
ҶûʻʳˣοڰϸļԼ£ÿÿ˶ֻܳԸ뱥ߵʳͳԹˣʳﲹһǻƤֱˮֱ
Ӱϴκ̲ܺסˣֱߵ󣬶˵ֵܣץİɣ
ⲻǷϻûԣץô㣬ѵǱ͵Ĳɣ
ӺٺٵЦǰϴ󾢶ˣ̫ƻˣץǺǣôãҲֻץ
ôץģκܺʵ
ְץġӽһЦ˶˵ǺǣҰŵտǺǣζǺǡ
ֻ־ץ㣿κܺЩɻץ㣬ΧŻû˵ͽץôģϡ棬κܺʣԼġ
ԣκܺЦЦ˵ֵܣһֺץı죬ܸܲ£
ӿ˿㣬׹κܺҪԼģʲô¡
ӽϴõ㣬һ֦ϣһ˵κ壬ʲô£ֱ˵ɣ˱Ƚϱȥ¡
κܺǺǵЦһ˵һ£ңɲɣ
һ£漴Цκ壬ûԷ֪ģҲ׼ԼһٷǺǡ
κܺЦЦӵĻͷֵܣ㲻ǻץôǣȻȥץͳˡ
ץץԴ˰Σ˵κ˵ģҲôһ㣬κǮ
κܺ쿪ƣǰһΣ󷽷˵١
һ˿Ūκܺɾֽ˵һٿһ
ٿǮһ㣬һһһصͨ㣬ѾǺܸߵļǮˡ
ЦЦҡҡͷ˵㣬ҲֵôߵļǮǣٺ١
κܺһǿƺŶ϶Ǯˣ£κܺ˵ֵܣ㣬Ҹǧٺ٣ǡ
ҡҡͷǧٺ٣ǧһһҲ
ǧһ㣿κܺӶҪˣҪغشǧԳһٷʢĺʴˣôһһҵ㣬ֵһϯʢĺʴ磿
΢΢һЦ²κ֦ܺõ㣬ߵѱϣտ
ץ㣬ҲЩˣκܺҪ㣬ЩĵģɳĮɲǱĵطܳԵһ㣬Ī֮⣬ԼҲоԵĺôӻľͰκܺ
Ĳ˼ȴĸ˵ƢκܺҪֵˣߺߣ㻹ȿ˵ɡ
Ĳ˼˵κ̸ܺҲͲȥˡ
ӽ˻ϣȻӻͳһЩƿƿ޹ޣʱЩƿƿ޹ЩζĩжʱһɼΪ˵ζüе˶Ŀⶢϡ
ʱ㽥ýƣ˳ˣɣ֣Ц˵ꡭ꣬Ӹա
ɣЦЦӸ磬㶼ûԷģԼ԰ɣҪȻŵġ
ĶӣЦֵܣǺǡЩӸѾˣģʵҲԹ˲ٵʳţ˵ЩɳĮѵõģ壬ûǸˣ
˵ѳԹһЩʳɣЦߵѱϣȥƷӿɳĮ㡣
ֺ֣ɣԴЦеĽһ΢һ㣬ҲһЩݸɣꡣ
ɣ꽫͵棬ʹᣬһڿˮ˵㡭Ĳ㣬ҪҪһЩ
Ĳ˼ǳԹ˷ģȻֻǴ뱥ҲǿסɣҪҶȥһҡҡͷɣڳ壬ܶһԼһɡ
û뵽ʱκܺʵ̲סǿζңɣԵޱȣҲֵסջߵߣЩ˵ֵܣңҪǮ˵
ӻûڻشκܺĲ˼ȴ˵ӣ㲻
Ĳ˼˵仰ߵߣ˵ӣҪ㡭
˵ʵҪӵƢõ㣬͸κܺҲĲ˼ҪĲ˼Լԣ̹һ㣬ǣĲ˼ٶǮȥҲȥ͸ΰ
͸ΰֻǷָһЩӶǲ⡣
ԣӰ㷭˷䲻ȵ˵ҶûԷأôģ
κֱܺӾ;ܾĲ˼ЦЦһǮݵǰ˵Сֵܣǧ㡭
ӿҲûһκܺϵǮǵЦЦ壬ǧһǰĻ㣬ҵĲϷѳշѣٺ٣˵ҲҪʮļۣʮ򡭡ҪҪ
ʮӳʱ򣬵渶ļװǮҪκܺϳǮӵԸһߵһĲ˼
£Ҳһˡ
㡭κܺһſڽ࣬һƿҪʮ
ЦЦ˵Ƶɣȥһ㣬ǵȷҪ˶ǮҪѾõ㣬ǺǡǮǿɷŸǵģ԰ɡ
㡭㡭̫ˡκܺһͨ죬˵Ͱ͵
Ĳ˼״Ͻ˵ӣͷо仰Ҫ㡭
ٺٵЦʲôֱ˵ˣﻹҪͷ
⻰ֻܸһ˵˲Ĳ˼Щ˵
˲ģǾĻˣĲ˼ʲôĻҪԼ˵һӺ
°ͷ΢΢ǰһ죬ȥĲ˼ҪԼ˵ʲô
Ĳ˼ЦЦһֵֻԼͱϣյӵĶϣȻһ䡣
һĲ˼ഺϢϲ֪ǱĲ˼ָ˻Ǳ촽ˡ
һɲ֮䣬һ˶סˣĲ˼׸˵ʲôĻһǵãĲ˼ˣҲ֪
˺þãӲʹĻ˻Դʱŷ֣Ĳ˼ֻһͷΰһѾеֻʣβǡ
ץץԴ˿һԺɣһˣֲɵŬȥĲ˼Լ˵ʲô
ӽʾ֭Ҳ벻Ĳ˼׸Լ˵ʲô


378 ˮж1
κܺˣ޲ĵĿһ
һ£ЩĪˣĲ˼¸Լ˵ʲôɣԼȴ벻Ĳ˼ԼֹĲ˼ϵϢЩĳԼļ
ԼôĲ˼ߵģһ㣬ӻǲǵˡӦþڵʱѾɢָоɡ
ֻǿκܺԼǲмһվһǣ
֮£һ߻ζԼոĲ˼ĽӴ²ŸոԼϵģǾĲ˼촽Ĳ˼ָ֪䣬ǰԼץĵط
ܿ˿ûעԼŽһˮ̿ˮ棬һ
ӽüһܿõģ滹һҵ㡣
ԭڽɳĮ֮ǰ˭Ҳ뵽ɳĮﻹõõĵطԭ׼СջʱܹȡصòϴĹߣ벻شһ֡
Ψһ˼ת˸֦ȻһһĴϣĥ˺һ½Žˮαװ⼸㣬صӪء
ɣĲ˼ͬ£һǰȫҲ̫ǳ̲ˮϷ
ӷ߷߲ƽĽϴˣŵտʱԭϣκܺΧӴתôҪһ㣬ҲΪģܽүӾ⼸ĵеҪʲôǮǶ˵ֻҪһͳɡ
ûһõ㣬κܺͷ˵ȥȥȥŰ
κܺʵ벻һǰһҪʮڣһﾹȻͲᡰǮ
ңκܺߣһõ㣬һ߳һߣһ߻˵㣬Ӿͺˡһȥɣߺߣÿ˶øǮƵġ
κܺ㣬˿ڻϵ㣬ֿ˿ӣһʱ־ϲһǰһҲ͸Լ
ϻ治аһһ⡣
ɣںˮϷһͻȻĴһȻ󣬾ʧ򰶱ߡ
Ĳ˼˶ǳһһͨͨ򾪻ʧɣꡣ
һɣƴںˮڣӰողſ˼ڵĿһеꡭҪţӸˡ
˵ţһ˽ˮ
ֻһʧˮҲֻһ׶һһˣԭӣֱǱӾȥȻȳʧɣꡣ
ԣһˮȻһӰԼŪ˹ȥβŴˮվ
Ĳ˼Ͱɣ˺ߡ
⴦ǳ̲رɣ꣬׼ɣε̫ԶԣɣܾǵطˮҲûһ壬ɣȻֻܾǱŵˣȴûǺˮʲôġ
Ĳ˼Χɣ꣬סİοѯʣɣ굽ôˣ
˺һɣŽذȻµ˵Լ
ʱɣԭڸޱȵϷˮû뵽ŵͻȻʲôסˣɣҲΪˮʲôģΪˮԣɣ겢ûţվֱӣһȻȥԼϵˮݡ
ֻǣڱԼŪЩǺˮɣԺĿ˾˵һĻסԼĽŵģʲôˮݣһѪɫĴӣ˿һĲӣңⲼӻڲסԼ
ˮһ˲䣬ͷɣԴﻮҲͷɣʱʧĴһ
Ĳ˼̲סֺЦֺһɣԴһں׵ƲôǸûʲôµģ˾ĵطһЩʲôģʲô֣οûСĳʶԣûʲôúµġ
ǣһʪܵģߵɣߣһãŴŴɣ˵꣬£ȥǾˮץ㵱
˵ţٴδ˸ãﻹ³ٵˮ
ƣӱԼŪ¹ȥһ̣Ǳ˺Щˮǳ̲Ҳֻô˵һȻ˹ȥҲڻᱻǺιȥֻǵȥˮҪðӾЩ²סˡ
˼ˮӱҪתȥɣץˮֻϽסӣǲȥԼҪһȥ
һƽﾫúܣÿÿ˹ؼʱ򣬶ܹǳһЩ벻
ץˮɣ갲ģȻҪȥǱһȥ
˺Ӧ
Ӵ˸ãһˮϣȻ˴ƣͷӦ
΢һ£صѲصһѣְѷɳһ
ɳӾ࣬ˮҲ˿ü۾𵽱á
ҪȥԼץǡˮɣµȰ򡭡Ӹ磬ǻǲҪȥˡĲ˵öԣֻǲûûʲôµġǡǣǲҪȥˡ
ٴˣЦЦ˵ǿ϶ʲôˮͦģȥץ㵱㿪ģӰجΡ
ҲЦЦ˵꣬û£㿴ҸȫװݣʲôҲӦġ
װ׵ţ˽ˮ
ʵһƬǳ̲ܴӦóǧƽɣϷˮĵط밶ҲʮףˮĵطҲһӸ˵ȫûһѶȡ
ˮһ͵ɣܵŵĵط
ʹɳˮҲ͵˵ĲӣСҲûʲôˣʮֵİȫ
ֻǱˮ﷽ԲʮƽĺѰһ飬ȴһƬ׺ǸɾһƬɫɳӣˮҲûһ͸˵ɣ˵ʲô첼ӣĲ˼˵ʲôûһ
˰Դ棬ǳһȻ໥һѰ
һĽһƬط׳ɳӣʲôûУ
ɻ˵磬᲻ͻȻ֮£˻þ
Ҳһ⣺԰ǿҪͻȻʧģڷþǸ𣿡
һٴǱˮһΣҲûߣҲûʲôĶֻǾĴˮһӶӣֱһﲻסˣ֮󣬱ٴǱˮ
һΣǱˮҲֻʮУӾ͸ˮ棬Ļһˮ
ˮӣԼֻʮ룬ٴθˮӣ϶ЩˣóΪȱġ
ˣֻǴһȻȥ
ʵڶסˣˮ棬Щͷתʵ磬ⲻܰҶزҲûʲôϡŹֵĶ
׹ôѹեԼһǱ֤ɣ᲻֮·þ
ֺֺЦ£˵ֻ˵㻹ûǸᷢþľ磬㻹Ρ
һ仰û꣬һﾹȻһǱȥˡ
ֻǣһѽгˮ棬˵㿪Цģ㻹ˣˣǻȥ˵ɡ


379 ˮж2
˻صϣ벻ǣɣʱȴţĲ˼϶¶˼ɫ
ɣĽŲϣһȦںڵ࣡
ңľǣɣŲϵ࣬ȻԵԳָһӡۣ˴һ㣡
ӻصȥԣǸץһǺϣǽڵĳ̣𲻴
ǣȥһģһƬطҪ˵ˮݣǲһġ
˵ʲôﻹйˣ
һʱ֮䣬Ȼ̫գ˹ĸȴûɵĴӱʲһ⡣
ﵽʲôôɣˣȴûϣ
Щ˵˵˵ͷҼͷһյƣʱ˸ߵʱ򣬵ƻǶ;Զ֮߱ù˵ʱ򣬵ƻЩֱ˹磬˳ʱ˲ãЩɾĶ˰ɣ
ȻӵۣϸĿһɣϢɣһɫϢǴɫϢҲûУϵǲɫϢҪŨһЩƾһ㣬ɣ겻߱ùˡ
Ȼ˵ЩӦùΪһĶⶫ۾ܿóϢȫ£˵ɣϵϢˬܱɣû߱֡ùˡ
룬ĪıʲôڽŲϡ󡱳һ࣬ѾǵùˣҪȻôûϣ
ӡĲ˼˱ವģҲ²֮ʣַһ
һӡĲ˼硢ʲôǲҽУ֮ǰĲҽС
ֻҽУΪݣƬ̣һУ˰ˮˡ˰
һӣɣ궼վֱĵط
ĵطȥʮ׵ĺߣʱΧ˺üˣ⣬Ĳ˼³κܺҲ
˸ϵֻеˣɫ࣬Ŀź档
ԭʮƽĺ棬ʱ밶ʮԶĵطðһˮݣңһȦһȦڲסɢʧ
ǸطոշʲôңӦûвСĶ
ӡĲ˼硢ɣ˸ϵˮϵѾɢʧݾˮҲðˣˮҲѾȫָƽһҲ
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˰Σ³Ŭֱָ̧ۣźͰ͵˵ˮ
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һУ³һͣԭһȺ˶ʱǱ˹һ㣬һʱ֮䣬еĽУֵ֣ĳ
áһγǴɳĮ󡭡
ˮйܰ

⵽ʲô
Ĳ˼Ǳŵòˣֱ̱ȥ죬ȴһ
ʮ˲һı飬׹ǰһ³ˡ
ǸÿԵĴȻǸûʲôգĶóԣҾǷҲ˳ԲֻΪƣΪȴǺܺá
һ˫ۣգסʧţǵ׷ɳĮ󣬵󰡡
µĸ£Ҳһɫŷƽ˾ĺ棬ɪɪ
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Ӧòλ˿·ϵĽ˵ˣǲҪ˵˵޿˵
һÿطÿ嶼Լص񻰴˵Լη󣬽ɣ˵˿·ϣΪǴ·ϴģŷģǷ̣֪ܵʲôӰ죬ŵͷձ鶼ܿңڣͷӣҲ仯ɽë񡭡
Ĳ˼״ãĲ˼缲ǰֱӱĲ˼ȻٶȣĲ˼ص
ΪĲ˼ĹϵӡɣȻֳ΢Ƭ̣ȻͻصӪأȥĲ˼硣
ãĲ˼ֻܵһЩţһǻ˹
ǣŷëϷɵģûɸˮϴ˹ȥŶ԰ץԴ˵
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Ĳ˼ĿĲ˼磬˺һ˵ʱҸΰ㣬üΰȥϴϴѺûΰԸ⣬˵ۣҾ͸³һ룬ȥߡ
Ĳ˼Ůӣ·ϰ첻ͻоǴһ·˳Է˯϶ڸ·Ĳ˼Ҫϴ·Ҳûʲôʱ䣬˵⼸춼ûˮĵط˴գԵˮȵˮǶˮĲ˼һϴϼ·
Ĳ˼ȻȲĽЩ·óҪͨͨȥϴһ飬ȻΰȻҲٲҪϴһϴġ
ԣĲ˼˺Щ·³ͬ£Ǵֳ
ʱʰϣҪȥ滻յˣ߹Ĳ˼ϴ·ĵطͣĲ˼³˸к漴óˮȥߴˮ˵¶ȸߣȽȣˮߡ
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Ĳ˼ʱŵЩɵˡ
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һҽУȫˮû֮ǰгģҽ֮󣬽ȵģ³ˡ
ʱ³ۿѾȲǱžǱ߼ˣѰ˹ȥ
˵³̾ϢһȻ˵ǾԲ⣬оϸƻıɱ
ңΣ³ŪöһҲǳӵ˵⡣
Ķһգ۾͵ǸðݵĵطǸطͻȻ֮һڵˮ˵Ҳɳˮһ׸߰ɣʱըˮü׸ߣˮ֮У³ԼԼĿһܴĺӰ
ܴ󡭡³˶٣ȻֲŽ˵ңһǶһЩɫ
ɫ
ӡĲ˼˲
ɣŲϵǸӡɣԼ˵ҲһɫĲһĶյģңʱҲǸоо޴ɣȥֻɣ굱ʱûʲôɫĶ
ɫĶźɫӦúĿŶԣĲ˼ȴ˵ˮһ̣ģǶǺɫǲ³˵źɫĳ룬ͲˣΪˮʱ򣬻֮䣬Ĳ˼ϴ·һȥǼ·Ǻɫģ
룬³˵ģӦøʵһЩϾЩɫɣҲģңɣѣˮǰóһʱ䡣
ֻǳźɫôһСʮ־޴Ķʲôأ
ӵʾ֭̽ⶫǺ·ʱ򣬰ż˹
һĲ˼³ˣ۵İָˣȵ
˭Ҳ벻ڶȻ֮䣬ͷתһȻìͷֱָĲ˼³ˡ
һվĲ˼ǰʵҪʲôҪʲô
ҲǺԥøվһŭҪǣƾʲô
ȵǼûϵÿ
˵ţһ֣ȥ
һһֻ־䵽ǰһͣʱ㲻ĺ˺üûվȡ
ƿ֣˵ҪǣҪһ˵ùȥɣǲԣ˵ҪǣҪɱҲ


380 Ϯ
˺üǿվӣǲĿ
ʼ벻һĻëСӣôôľһӾͰԼƳôԶ
һȺ棬Ĳ˼硢Ĳ˼Ů֮⣬һȺ棬Ҳһ˿Ҳǳɣ꣬Ҫ͡
ԣȥ˻һɵΨȴû룬ոһץһƣƵõ˺üðؿһƣһҪŻ³ĸо
ĳһ
ƿˣǰ»кüˣһŤһһҪȥץĲ˼磬ļֱĲ˼³
Ȼʱ򣬰ӦǷ˸ԵĶģɰԸӵˣʵ൱ר˶Ը
֪³ǱڣԶԸ³ģֶˣڶԸĲ˼磬ǸҲЩֶΡ
϶ʱһƬҡ
Ƭ̣ӸĲ˼Ⱥ˰˵ϣɣ궼˸ˣĲ˼ȴҲһƷڵأ³ȴɸ˿භѡ
ͻȻ֮䣬žһǹ죬ҵĳʱһ͡
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AKһˣԴ˭ҲվشĻΨڻشʱһˣͻᱻֱӸɱˣ߱º
˺ü飬űԴشɱǱ𡭡
˵˵ŭȵƾʲô˵ɱġ
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νԩͷծȻĲ˼³ɣһȻҲͲ׷Źشɵˡ
ЦЦ˵ҵֵܸղںϴ裬ҲϮϮֵܵģ˭ǲ˵ΪǵǸʲôôôְ㵽ϣ
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дʵ˵ƾʲôߺߣǾ˹ȥոտˮϣҲֻˣɱ˭ߺߣɱǣʵʵۿģԲд
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ʤΪΪܣǧ˲ƵǹAKƾһ㣬ҲͲ
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պǹȻ˵ڣһ£ҪŪҪôԼŰɡ
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˼׼֮ҪѼôһҲ˵úҪֻҪõŷ֤ݣҲҲ
£һ£Ҫô졣
ֻǲһ˵飬˱˼ķ磬ҪúõĿﵽʲôΪ
ȴĸˣΣգ·ʮûģ˵δ֪ΣգҲǴҲӦ˵ģڣΪȫ뿪ôգⲻֵá
ǲĲ˼³ı˭Ҳ˵壬˭Ҳò׼˵Ѿˣŵˣüȥǡ
ֻǼţԶԶأûϵգȻַһУţЩձ㷢˷һĿ


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һ龰˳һ㻹·̣ҪǶգʹ߻ȥҲԻһƤ
ο죬ǲ˵һ˫ҲֻҪ졣
̣Уɶ࣬ȥߣͲᡢɣȥұߣǧȦס˳һҹȥ
տһ̣ӪĶˣҲǴһֱӶĶһȫտеǱߡ
ɣϮֱϽˮⶼֻĿʼڣĶֶ˵ˮա
ʮˣǷӵһֱ˵ճµĵط
ΣճµĵطµĵطǱԼʮ׵ľ룬жǸϵֳǣģ˺ߵĲݵһƬѹõӲ֮⣬Ӳ棬մһ̲˴ĿľѪյѪ
ƬҰݣһ׿׳Ӱֱˮ棬ȴѪңҲûǰɢˮݶûˡ
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ǣûһۣǵʲô֪ʲôʱʲôķʽ֣ôܰ𡣡һ
ܺǶʲôȻôײУҪֳֻܲܿ첲ɣҪǿԵĻưȥƴˡ
Ҫ𣬻ҪдƾŰ˴ŵǵǸͰ첻Բˡ˶뵽Ҫ
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һʣԴͻȻ֮Ҳתתͷ˵Сֵܣղ̫嶯ˣԲ𡭡
ڿͷصıɱ˾Ѿ˵ǸˣһεǸֻŪ֪࣬Ĳ˼³ıģΪǸ
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˻֣˵ˣȥ۲ˣڣһˣҪŪҾֻŽͬ飬ԲԡߣȻȥ˵
˵ȥǾǻصӪأôһ˵һȺ˺ģܿͻصӪء
ʱΰȪ˲Ŵ̽Դ˯ʵһզզģǳʲô°ɡ
һΰĲ˼Ͻܵΰǰ棬Էΰ˵ΰ¶ˣ
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Ĳ˼ѷΪ˯һʱ䷢飬Ե˵һ顣
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Ĳ˼ЦЦ¶Էΰ˵ǺãȥȻٹ˵ģҪðλõ׼
Ҫΰʧ˵鷳ǸʲôʲôںģֲϵΪʲôҪᡭҪ᣿
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ĽҰӪذᵽʮԶĵطңѡһСӪӺĶ
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һΣܾʧܴԭʮͷգڣֻʣ¶ʮͷˣµʮͷȫɢˡ
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ʱ򣬺ͻȻһܴˮʲô˺һǺпըըһ룬ˮһ׸ߵˮңˮάֺü֣źȻ¡
һĻΪĲ˼ѵüʱе˶˸һ
Щǣ֪ʲôѺˮôߵˮȴûһжˮըըҲ˵ɱҿˮϢģƾ˳
һȺĿɿڴĿˮʧֻһȦһȦɢҲ˵
˺һӲľս˵ǼһǼһǼһڷƢˣǡǡ磬Ҫô
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ĺ֦֮⣬׼һ𣬵ȻⲢΪҪʲôᣬҪδ֪Σա
ʱκܺܽȴҵ
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ܽŴ˵Сֵܣܸܲ£
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ܽһ˵ҵ岻ôãܸܲ˵һ飬ƣҼֲסˣܲͻȥ
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ܽҪǰߣٸЩѩϼ˪˭Ҳ֪᲻Ӧֻ᲻Ӧ
ܽԵЩѵĴһ˵СֵܣΪҲȥ˵˵ֻҪܻŻȥģСֵݶ飬ĳûݲ
룬ʲôģͲ˵ˣܽһߣԴ˵δؾǼ£٣Ǽ˵Ум˲ԸܽͷһߣƱγӦ
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ã˵ϼȻôӣҲѣɣȥԿܲܳɣûʲô֤
ĻܹãȷǲеԴǶǰģҪôԴܣҲԸȥ԰ָֻţĻ˶Լķеġ
ܽ˵ͷҲûӵ飬ֻ˵ıˣˡ
ҵ⻰һ˵Ȼ֮漴˵ҳŵҪеǵİȫΣһҪ͵ĿĵأһߣԺôϻȥ˵ڣȥˣµֱͲˣĳרȥ
ҡҡͷ˵ﵽٻаµ·̣ңһ·ϸӼգүӵ壬δֵܹȥҪڰ·ϼֲסˣʱ鷳Ǹ
Ĭ˺һڣѣûԼһоŸˣΪֹҲֻ߸ˣЩˣÿһԼĸλһǶǺܴ鷳οѾˣҪһԺ־زˡ
Ÿ˵飬ɳĮȲñĵط
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֮ܽе̾һ󣬱æµˣ·ȥǲΪܵ˵ܼǰߡ
˶󣬾Сæ֦ѳһСɽ
Ϣ֮󣬱㿪ʼȻǼ׵Ĺªıǹ֮ġ
ڴߵĿǶڱҪʱսҪȥĶòϡ
³Ȫ˶ǴмңɣҲ࣬ʱӲһЩʸ
˰Դ֦һͷľ׮Ҫںѡһشȥ
Ϊ˷ֹĶϵ͵Ϯ⣬ҲڷֺĶ£ʵʩ
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֮ʱԭдҳʱ򣬲ڣѾˣƣ۲ãһȥе³ְλ
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Ҳû취£ɳĮʳʳˮǶϸĿơ
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ǣɣһ˷ܵģˣĲ˼ͷΰ
Ȼüľľܵ˵оգĲ˼ⱻųġ顱ĸоָо棬Ĳ˼ڴҪᷢЩʲôֻȥ
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ɳĮҪԾȣҪųȥٵģˮʳоգԣΰƹֵҹİͷȪˣĵѡһƥգմһεĵط˩á
ȻǱл˸Ͱȥװˮ
ΰʱɲҵȥˮǺлɱ˵ĶֱȥװˮǾɱ
ԣΰһѲӣ߶ʮףƱȽϵݵĵطʼڿӣиôܹװˮңˮʱֱӴӺȡҪõö࣬ϾˮɳӵĹˡ
һ׶࣬Ϳʼˮ÷ΰԼԾȼƻе̫˳ˣֻҪװˮȻȥҵʳȻͿԸǵĿڣҪڳãǲҪһڲĵزԼͿȾܡ
ţΰסЩȲȥװˮֻˮٶʵ̫ˣһҲǳǳһˮ
ƣһĵطĲȫɳӣ滹ɳӸϸˮٶȾͻ
ҲиôˮӸɾ
ò׵ȵװˮʱ򣬷ΰͰŽҪװˮû뵽ͻȻɭɭʵڸʲô
ģ÷ΰȫë׶ʱը˿ȥûκοǣۡĽһͰҪˣŤͷܡ
ûܶԶΰȻͨһ˺ʱһƬˮ
ʱվˡ
Ķ˵һӻġ
ӺںڵЦЦ˵һ飬͵͵ģǣִˮҪܵĽ࣬Ҳ˭ȥ
˵ϽȥŪɣҪȻıɱ


383 Ů˭
ΰĺˮһʱ˹ֻǲѹãѹ뵽ոɹһһա
һ뵽ΰʱһһߴһӾ;ԭѾϢ˵ˣһֵ磬ֱӾͳ˳
һæΰװˮͰӵΰǰҲеűţҪţҪţҪס
һƬ̣ǿҵֵѷΰһƬյͬ硣
Ҽ䣬ΰͰסڣ˶࣬ӵģֱӽ׽סΰúֱӾ
һƬ̣ΰͱֱϡ
Ĳ˼һķΰæʵΰΰ㻹ðɣ
˿һͬͰüͷʵô£
ЦЦǰ˵Ҹ㣬û뵽ĶиӰǻΪǺǶϰˣ׼ǰʰģû뵽ǷҲ㣬ٺ١ԭһᡭᡭ
ҲǸϽ˵ѧҪǲУһ׼ǹأա
ˣ
ɪɪķΰɾͳһ亹Լ˳ҪȻľͻῪǹ
ֻһЦЦʵ٣ô㣬˸Ͱ
ΰ˸磬ֿŽͰ͵˵ҴġǴңʰʱ򡭡Ū˵İɣ
ʰʱŪ˵ģ񲻴ܰɣӪصʱʮ˶˵ģ
ΰסĿԣĲ˼Ͻ𷽼ΰ˵˰ɣˣΰϽȥ·ɣҪȻðġ
ȻһᣬеȻҲͲ׷ˣ£һȺ˸Լߡ
Ȫںڰ֮Уҧҧκܺںڰֻ֮ȴǰ΢΢һЦĲ˼ΰɪɪȻֶ˼ֹġ
ٺٵЦ磬۸ճû뵽¶ѽһﲻסˡ
̾һ˺档
Ĳ˼硢ɣߵԶЩӲŵʵ磬ô죿
ѹô죬Ͻ˻ȥúõ˯һҪֵҹˡ
ӡšһģҪ鴦˸ʹ졣
ֻû뵽ӸոսãӪǱը˹
֪ʲôԭٴη˿
ѣֵһһΣҲǺ
ȳϽذʱһɷסǷ˵ϣʱ£ֻʣ¸ɣˣȥ׷ɢЩ£գʣ²ʮ塣
һˣҪǰͲˣҲ˵ǾŸ˵УˣɶൽΪֹ䲻˻ܽǸˣҲ׷˳ȥĺҹҲΣ֮
ӡĲ˼һɫ֮ȴֺЩһˣֻǮˣ⣬ǿˡ
ãǿ񣬷Ըɣ˽ʣµʮͷգһ𣬷ֹٴܾɢ
һڣӪٴΰֵҹϢ
˲ȼģһȴЩˣЩˮȻҪţȥԼŵȡ
滹м㣬˻Ҫֵغóһʱ䣬һֵҹһտʱҲ׹һЩ
룬˵ͷȻǽ׼һ£һһ֧ǿֵڻѱϷһֱֱ֧ӷǸ
˵ڣĻ̵̻ģ򵥵һʩԼǹģᡱҪȻ治֪ᷢʲô³
ЩŸ˴ҡڵӷĵط
ӪԶһЩָоû˼ӣŵ˵磬˾;һжԾ
һۣ˵Լעһ¾ͺãȱ˵ƣô£
֪ȣĿҲЩɣ±ʵ磬Ҳɣ
㵱ɵӰûĵ˵˶٣ֲż˵飬ڲϴǰ¶ߣϴƢ꣬ŪֱӾͻͱͻСҲô͹ĶǣӣҪסˡ
ǺǡЦЦ磬㵱ʲôˣ¶õİɣһصʲôҲ֪Ϸǡ
ţǾͺã˵ͷȿһƽﲻףһĹؼʱ̣еӵġ
˵䣬˵ӷĵطƿӲݣȻʣ࣬ҲͻһȼӴ󣬹أСģҲһࡣ
ٺٵЦЦʵӣһʲôʱôץˣǺǣһץʮ˰ɣҴ֪ġ
ӵЦЦһ㣬һ˵磬ô˵ɣҪ˵㣬ƴ£ܲܵҲб֤˵ץ㣬ٺ٣ҿһ־⴫ľǺǣʲô˵ˣǾ⴫ġ
ɣɡò˰ЦЦü׷ӵľʲôġ
Ȼ˵Ǿ⴫ܣʲôʵģϵһҪܶĵô߼ֵ䣬ôģȻҲԲ͸¶㣬һ·϶ûװǹһһAKƫƫڹؼʱ־˳Ҫٸʵףôȥ
ԣԸ˵ܣҲԲȥѯʣ֮Ӳ˵ģҲֻܴŹԹᡣ
ϴɾú֦ˣЦ˵磬㣬ģأ΢Сһ㣬ϴ󣬺ٺ٣ҵķСģġ
ЦЦţҲ޲ɣԼԵģССɣܳϾͲˡ
Ц֮ЩģǰʱĲ˼Ӷֹһ£漴ʹѿõˣ˵ʲôȻһʮǮҪˡ
һӵˢĺˣ̵ģԼĥ˰죬Ĳ˼ǸԼ˵ɶأԼһʱ֮䶼˹ȥװ׵ʧʮǮôԩ
ЦӣһӢѹ˹أǺǣŮ΢еʾһͻˡ
ɫ˵磬⻰ɲ˵Ӣۣѹ˹ǲˣԲĲ˼ĲСٺ٣Ǽױ͸ңǻ࣬ôǺǡˡ
ôһ˵æЦʵӣʵλ˭˭еŮ񣿿˵
ٺ٣ҲǱˣǡӾҪѿڶеŮֱ˵ģߣӻӲİǸ˻ȥ
԰硭Ǹѿ˵˻ȥ֮ӸϽ˵磬ĿǰΪֹһ֪㵽ڴ˭⣬Ϊ˵


384 ͳ
һӪߣһЦô֪ģĲүҪĲСңҾܾˡ
׷มһ˵ܹݣֺϷ㻹Ҫֻ̤˵磬·ɲ
һͷߣŭʲô˼
ʲô˼Ӻǲһߣһ߲м˵ʲô˼㻹ףͷΰСӣĲ˼óϴ˼⣬궼㡮ˣ˵ûһ˼ߺߣ˲֪һ֪Ҹ㣬ŹģҲ㣬·ҪǱˣߺߡֱӾ˵ǽȱ£
ıӶЩˣһһᵽЩ¶ǿɾ˵һһ׵˶޴ӷ
㡭˰Σŭô²һ
ӺԥķҵﵱȻ³񶫸㣬³䡭
һĶҪըˣ׷ӣһžͳӵƨȥ
ȻһܣһشЦֹ
˻ѱϣȴѱ϶һˣĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼˯ţʱȴڻѱϣǵϵǿֵ磬ȴոպˣںϵһһ
δ֪ΣգĲ˼绹ЩĵģһȴûѺΣշϣңʱһ·˵˵ЦЦģҲˣĲ˼ڻѱ
Ĳ˼ʵºΣգʱܵȥ
ӵľ˾ļ㣬ЦǸү˸кϺзһٺ٣Ȼ͡
֪һ˵˵Ĳ˼Ҳǣǵûое죿
˵ͷ˵ȷǺܹ죬ˣҲȥˣ˼˵һôôù
Ĳ˼΢΢̾һתͷԼ㿴˿ɳĮ֮Ĳ˼һֱ͸Ĳ˼˯һģΪ̫ƣľĹ˴죬Ӧ˯˰ɡ
ջĿ⣬Ĳ˼ٴ΢΢̾һ˵ĿǰֻܼߣҪȻ
Ҳ⣬ֻǿ˿Ĳ˼Ȼѹ˵ϴ󣬵ڣҾͲҲȥˣʵεĿĵģȥȥǲҪ
з֣Ĳ˼ʵ
һ߿㣬һЦ˵ϴӦ֪ʲôطɣ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷɳĮԹ˿֮·Ĳ˼統Ȼ֪ӵ˼ӦûһͼƻҪĵطôǸʲôطأ
ӵ£ѹøͣ˵ǰ߲һ·̣һӦþѾʧĹ¥ĵ̣¥ϴ㲻İɣ
¥ĵ̣Ĳ˼統ȻİˣңҪɳĮ﷢һʺƵԸһ㣬Ĳ˼統ȻҲ֪ǣĲ˼Ψһ֪ľǣնˣھ̻س̣ʲܹŵǶˣʱͷĻʲôܹͽ߳ƬɳĮ
ԵúЩص˵ϴģһжаš
Ĳ˼統ȻܷģֻȻ˵飬Ĳ˼ҲͲԸȥıˣΪı䲻ˣ
Ĳ˼Ĭһ󣬰ѻƻصĶˣΣյģΪʲô񲢲ʲô
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ûӰ죿Ĳ˼粻⣬أУһͷҲˣûӰ졣
Ц˵һô£飬ֻ˵ôǰȫģǷǳȫģϴҡ
Ĳ˼ʵŪЩʲôô˵ˣĲ˼ȻҲͲ׷ȥˡ
ʱӵļҲˣǰ˵ģӼ΢һģݸĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼Ҳѿ룬˵л͸ûˣȻȥ˯ˡСһЩ
һ㣬һ߳һŰӦš
ֻĲ˼˳Եúеŵʵӣ˼𣿡
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ȴûĲ˼ѵĲ˼صʧˡ
Ĳ˼ЩţЦЦ˵ϴ󣬲Ҫţҹƣ˼ǳȥ˰ɣҪȻȥ
Ĳ˼ţҪкϽֹϴˣҲ£˼ͻҪȻֱӾȥŪ
˵ţҲĲ˼ʲôʾֱӿʼһ
ѡгĲ˼Ȼڵסİ˳ӣȻȥġ
һĲ˼漴ֵͷȥĿ㡣
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼΢һ£ûʲô쳣֮һ룬ݸĲ˼
Ĳ˼ſ㣬̲סתͷȥһ۷ΰ񣬵漴תͷ˿һҧĲ˼
һУȫȴû̧ȥ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼̾һ磬ĲСȥ㶼֪ңһĲС͹ԹԵĳˣٺ٣ôģ
һӣ˵һ䣺һΪôˣô򵥵㶼벻
һ̣һһ˵ʲôĴ˵ܰĲСôģһҪ˼һû̹ˬ죬˵ʮҲûð
˵ţһЦЦ
˵û㻹ûӡ˿ΰû˵һ䣺Ҫеĵ˵ֻһҲ
һӣһֺǲףٺ١ĸЦȻѿйͷˣɣ㣬Сİ
ʱѾ˻ʱˣ³һ񣬻
صͷ˯һ˯
ʱӪࡪǰȥѰյĸˣңͷգֻǲɶ໹ûκϢ
ʮˣֶͷգǰߵĻһֱⲻˣңʳﲹʲôģԭͲڶ⣬ؼֻϵѣڶͷգҲͲôˣ٣ǰһ죬ȻٻصﲹһЩˮһҲûС
ҹѰյ˻Цһ¡
緹ʱ򣬰ô졣
⻰ӦҪʰģû뵽ʱɣꡢĲ˼˾;ãΪǹԵʰɣѡϴ󡱵λãøĵҪΪģһ̣Ҳˡ
˼Ƭ̣˵ĳҪǾһαж
ôӡһЩԾʵ
ЦЦ˵ϣҹ˼ըը
һʱһһ˸߲ңüɫ裬ķӸߡ


385 ·
ֻЦЦ˵ϧΪޣըҲ࣬ܲŪǶͺ˵ˡ
̾һڣȰģҲֻЩˣҪ飬ҲӦøмˡ
Ǻá˵ͷ˵¼հɣҲͼըѣӽҲò˶ã
ըҲûȼ˾һӾ£ܲҲֻܿˣĻȷҪ˼ʱ䡣
ԣҲò˶ȥȥըҲòţʰˣ
ǣȴҪһȴȻĻѰ
Ϳ£飬Ըڵġ
һȺ˩գȻһȥΪ𡱡
첻µļͷľ׮˰ߣվѵĵط˫ֺʲĬĬصһȻŶĸס
һЩɵˣȫʽø߱ףʲôը
ɹˣǮҲһŪõĶ
ôصĶ𣬰һȫӹһ˿ʹϧҪڹؼʱ̣ĸ߱ףðȥˣҲ˷ѡ
ֻȴһҲ˷ѣϣ˶ӣſڵϣⱻ˵Ȼָֻһףҧ˨Ȼҿһ˳ȥ
״̣Ļߣͨͨ֮䣬죬Ƥһ£Ȼںɺüɸߵˮ
ˮδױ̮Ƥһ𣬽ţˮˮı̮վڰߵ޲ɽˮһͷһһȫƵġ
ˮʧȫƽе˲Ĩһϵˮ顣ȥϵĶ
ʱϷһƬɫĲƬںƮһ£漴ֽĳȥ
Ĳ˼ۼ⣬ǺɫĲƬ̴һҵ·
һȴУ졭㡭
һ̣ĸһըƯһ׻㣬ǰϣ˲٣СĶУֻǰϵģƯںϵģҪСࡣ
ô㣬֪˭˵һ䣺꣬ڸ籨𣬻ըİ
ʱ򣬺ûȥǼһ˵ʲôҪ֪ô㣬Ҫ˵ɣֻֿȻװ㹻Щ˳ϼ졣
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Ҳ˵ԭÿ춼붨ʳʱ򣬻ϾͿԲҪϸˡ
ңҪһǣô㣬ôˣȻͳһˣҲ˵˭ͶһЩ㣬ɵĻܹٶӡ
һջԣеһ˲䣬Ϊˣδ֪Σ£Ҳˡ
ҶƵֻż㣬ΪԼ±æµ
Щʲôˣһӣ˶ǻĵһЦ
ߵ㱻ˣҾ취ȥϵ㣬ʱɵЩͳõĹߣڼ˵βϵһӣȻѼȥֱӰѺϵջȼֿݡ
ҶԼ񵽵ʰһϴɾ֮󣬼ʮֿݵİѼɣȻڸղȵԵʱó
ֻǾһڣʱܿ㵽磬ҶԱˣʰװ
Ϊ˼òڿȥæ
ڿڿЩ˶ûôɹЩЩֱŵģһСģͽһû򿪵Ӹˤ˵ϡ
һ˲䣬˶ʹɫŹ֣ǼԤ֮е飬ȴ֮⡣
Ĳ˼Ҳһ䱻ˤĶֻ¶ģһЩûôĹߡ
һЩι״ĹߣĲ˼ʱüͷһ˵ôЩߡ
ƫƫʱɫѸٵİʰãȻװռܡ
ܿ죬еװʰ׵ŰѴټ˵ԭΪһѾܰѴ͵Ŀĵ˵ģǺǣڴҶˣʧȥգֻһ֣⣬Ļ˲ٵĲǺǡǿԼǰˡֱԭԤƵĿĵأ
ʲô˵ˣǽĲ飬һҲˡ
˶٣ּ˵ǸлҺһͬʹ࣬ͬˣڣʣ˭ԸǰģҿԳǻȥ
ȻزҲҲûԸֱӻȥˣǷΰҲٿʳ֮⣬һһĸϸĿĵء
û˷ԣһӣһ
Ȼʮˣʮͷգ뿪桢СС
ǱǰAKס˰ɣڣҲеһϵƣǺ۳ңֻǰ濪·ɣںѺӡ
ʱ򣬾ɣҲԾޣǹؾصĸߣ縶С
Ĳ˼գǸΰһκܺԵúͣʱ³Ȫһţʱȥ˽һʱֹ˴к·ǰĽ٣һҹ֮䶼ȫһʹøɸɾ
ֻĲ˼˸ӣɣ˶ߵʱ򣬸˵ԭΪһֻǿɹƭο͵£û뵽ǻ
һЦǿĶ㲻ȫϵãҲϳ˵һһԲͲ͵ģ滹пӼӳĹߡ
ֹ֪ߵֹ֣ߣи֣Ǹʲôòȥ²⡣
һԭһȺӣ
ȻȺһһӣһƿԽ˰ȫġ͡ҪúõĿǿЩһĿˡ
ƭ˵ǮԲƽϣĿģ˵ҪȥĹΪ̽·ڻ֮飬ȻҲͲ
ڣֹסĲ˼˵ȥôݾߡ
гӣĲ˼ЦЦᣬȻ߶գȥɣһ𣬱߱ġ
һкЩطû׹Ĳ˼綼ߵԶһЩô£ûУУɣŲϵǵӡֵô°
һ۾˯һЦЦĴ㲻ǻħôôǳԵĵ㲻ףħ;úأʱ򣬿ˣǾǺܼ򵥵ַ֮£иҵһЩɵĶǲǡܹ֡һ۾ܿġ
ң𣬶硭ίĽҺ𣿲Ǳ˼ѣݹأأôҹ١
ʱǰ̽·˵ǰߣѾ뵽¥Źĵؽ磬һεطܻܿۡɳ֮ΣգҪҶעһЩ
νɳĮɳʵΪˮʴڵرγ˿նɳ£ԭпռ䣬˻棬̾ͻ̤Ʊ㣬ֱȥ
һɳʱɳܹһĺ١
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вٵնӣ˵ݣһգ֮ۼ䣬ͱɵʮͷպͺüʮˣңҴ˸ͲҿݵıԵ˵ֻĿŵݵ𽥱ɳû
֪ɳ۵ӵıϿʼðһ˿˿亹ʱһ۰ΰѵ


386 з
һСģߵ˰˴ɳʴǷݵĶϺ۲ԫĵطӪء
ʱӰæźŴҳԱ㣬׼Ϣ
Ǽ˵ģһͲӰһȥǰӿŰıӰ㲻Ҫȥ
ʱ·һֱǻ˯ͻȻ֮侫һѾסӣܿɣ꣬
ӵʵ磬Ҫʲôûְһ⣿
ҡҡͷ˵ôҡڵȥ
ֻ˵ôһ仰ϲӣֹԼҪȥٰҺмƻ
˵ͷ˵һӣЩһﶼʲôˣҶ˵ٺ٣ҪҵöĻӦɽԣзݡ
ԡһ°ƣ˷˵⣬磬ٺ٣Ҳ˼
СһӣȻѹ˵ϴסǲǣ
˶٣˵飬ֻܱܿϴ󣬵ʱ򣬷ָһݾǣû֮ǰǧϴ֪ϴ֪ˣá
ӻĵһЦն࣬ʱľѳۡ췹ϴҲͲ˵ʲôˣԲԣǺǣ磬ߣ
߲ߣ⣬¶ܳһ˼벻Ĳ˼֪Ǹɣ궼ܶ¶
ӵ˵ͷʾף£ҪϸĵʰһŸĳӪء
ӪȴЩɵˣڹ¡˵ģʲôң˵ӰӶˡ
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һͷߣ̵ģʲôƻˣȴû뵽һţƫƫʱһǿ鴯̡
ŭ˺һֲϸΧһ飬Ҫɳ˵Ϣ𣬷ֱǵ׶㵽ĸȥˡ
һǰ治ԶĵطһҲ΢ġʱɳϢֻǺ΢΢һֻɫϢһšȻɳϢһֻƣȴǿʢһЩԿϢкܴ
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ȻӸɣг˺һɣڨڨʵҲ㡭
ëߡӲ˵˵˵ϴȥˣ
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ЦЦ˵ɣ磬ʵҲûж⣬ʲôģǶ֪ǲ˵ǲ֪еһ˳Է㣬вƴҷ·СҲ˵ܵɽԣзݰɡ
ڰ֮Уɣı飬ֱֻλС磬ˣǲǽһ¿ôշǹһҲˣҲڵϳԷˣ컹أ԰ɣҪ˵·Ҳһôȥְ
Ʊ磡û˵
˵ɣ磬˼Ҫǰѻ˵ǰɣǺãװӵʱҲһЩٺ٣ЩοòϵģǺǣ㻹Ҫ˵𣿡
ɣһ˺һ̾һ˵СֵܣˣЩҪ͵ĿͻĶǵģǮǿɶĹǮ
㬵˵˵˵Ʊ硣
һ˵ãȻɣҪҰѻ˵ףҾֻܲˣô˵ɣһˣο͵⣬ʵϣ˶ĿڻҪ˳ȥĹǺǣһո߶Ĵѣһο͵ڻڳĶߺߣľͷԿ⡣
ԣͷߣһҲ˵
˵ˣɣ֪ʱ۵ˣһееҧҧҪֱӳ󻼡
ֻϵɣпܻôһУЦԭ֮أǱ˭õ˭ֻƣɱڵ飬ʱɣÿ˵
ɣһݣɣ˵ҪǣﻹǹAKҪһԶɣֵõˡ
˺һɣ˵ȻλˣҲûʲô˵ҪɱҪУֻϤ㣬Ƕְɡ
ЦЦ˵ɣ磬˵ˣֻһƣɱڵ飬Ҳȥ˵֪ǵеǷһݣҲõʱһСİ˵©˳ȥһݣǾһϵˣ¶Ҫ˵ȥˣǾǸԼȥ԰ɣ
ɣĬ˰ΣȨһأ˵ҲգȻһж֪ˣҲûʲô˵Ҫֲ£Ҳһģһȥô˵
һУҪǱ֪ǿ϶һС£Թ˾ΣŪã֮ݡ
˵Ȼ֪Լһ˵Ĺָɲ·ԼһֻüȥΨһİ취Ҳֻָһݲͬ˵Ѵһһϣ˭Ҳ˵ȥ
ȻǸ֣һжˣҪٲҴţŪ÷ỵ˴¡
һУҲһеĹأʱ򣬲òԼһ˾ȫǵˣµĶ֮˭õ֣Ǿ˭ģ;бҪǾͿߵʵ˵ʵֳɣỵ˹أҶѶ·
˵һУµľǱʶƣʶˣٲû©Ϣ鷳ӸȻʶˣϾߣҪȥһݣ԰߸ɣ˵Կǽ
һ֮Ǿһϵƣ
ڣ֪£ҪǰǲӸģڵĹؼȴǡɲ
ɣĿɶˣһϲЦɣ磬Ǿ鷳æ·
ɣ΢΢˺ߣ˵ɡ
Ц˵ô˵ǲʹ࣬ǵģ߰ɡ
Ҫߣ뱳һ˵ȵҡ
һʵû뵽˽ʾ֭ıܿĲ˼磬󣬻ǱĲ˼緢ˣ
ϴ󡭡ǺǡôˣҲ㡭û˵꣬ʹԼϳһơ
ʲôǷ飡
û뵽Ĳ˼˵˵˵Ҷ˰ˣ˵ĻҶ˵ġ
ӿ˵ϴǡ
һɽԣзݰĲ˼һЦ˵
ֻĲ˼˵⻰ʵֲĲ˼ʲô˼վԭأĿźڰ֮еĲ˼硣
߰㻹ŸʲôĲ˼һǰסɣ綼˺Զˣ㻹ߣ
㲻Ĳ˼ĺ«ʲôҩֻĬĲ˼ţеĸڸɣ档
ӿЦҡҡͷ


387 ֹ
ɣˣǰһΣһͰɳ档
û뵽ɳ棬ҲһӪأ׼ȷ˵滹͸¶һ΢Ļ⣬ӣȼŵģ͵ƾ
棬ɣתͷ˵Ǿ棬ȥɣ
ɣ˵ţ
Ĳ˼硢΢ԥһ£Ľ档
ÿһɲǣ棬ڷһСӣϵȷǵŵһֻӸոձɲ֮ͱ洵ķ紵ʱһƬڰӸĲ˼ϽӸ
һһҪ°ǰǸϣϵĴȻǸ߼һ˼Σȴûȼ
ֻںڰ֮УһЦ磬ﰡҸʲôôңֲСٺ٣˵Ҳǿڡ
ƽ˭֪˵˵ЦŴӣҲϲˣǸϽţʲôɣӣҲӴʲôһٺ٣һƤˡ
ڰ֮Уӡٺ١һЦ磬ҴʲôǺǡ㻹Ƿſ˵ɣ˵磬ﲻʵֻؿڡٺ٣˵Ҳǿڵġ
ڰ֮УһԼʱȥӵؿˣ˵ˣǸŮģʳԼҲûʲôθڣοĲ˼ԼߣУԼһֱŴѰпȥӵؿڡ
ʱǻһϮأ񰡡
һӴзǳԾǺЦǵУ˻ᡰҪ˵ȥֻЦ˵ġ
Цţ˼´ڣðһĵĻ硣
һ˿⣬ʱӲŷ֣ѾԼüԶԼģǣղ˭Լ񣬻ָ״ԼƣĲ˼ɡ
ţ͵ȥĲ˼硣
ƾż䣬ҵǰĵطȥһ£ȴûȥˡ
͹ˣոջأôһգ۾Ͳ
ô˵ţȴǺǵЦ˵ˣʲôʬʲôﶼˣǾûǺǡѵһΣүһᣬҪҼʶʶٺ٣йŮٺ١
ӵĻո˵꣬ûŵ޶˶˵ֱ˵ȼˣȴǷһƬɫ档
龰ӾֲƬĵƹƲࡣ
ЦţȥĲ˼磬˭뵽ԭĲ˼վŵĵطĲ˼ûˣȴһͷ֪Ǻ׻־ǸŮ˵ŮӣĶӡ
ͻȻ֮һ⣬ֳôһ֪滹ǱŮվǰӶʱͱſȥ
⵽Ĳ˼绹ǹԼ˻þ
ãӲ΢һӱߵϣ˾䣺˻ǹҪ֪ӳųëġ
ȴЦЦ˵ˣϽģȥǵϴ󡣡
ȴ˵磬磬ϴ󲻼ˡ
ŮĲ𻰣ǲΪʲôûܽŵûȥ˰ΣŮ˲Żתȥ
һתӵһԴûӣҲǳһ
ŮǰӦǡƮȥŶԣ·ŮЩģŮǰûһ·ķӣȷʵǡƮ
ǣⳣ·ôáƮ
ң涼ֲŮˣ֪һ̺ںͷƬƬĶŵϡ
£еԲ׼ֲŮ˵ͷֲ֪һҪʲôɵϸһµϡ
ûпӶҲûƿڣȴûɣĲ˼磬ǵȥˣȴôһ˲˹Ķ
ʱϸؿ˿Ůһ˫԰׵֣סʣ˵㣬ְԼŪų⸱ӣ˲ģͦ˵ġ
Ů̲ס˵һ仰ұǹ㲻£
ȻԤ֮еŮɳƴ̶ĵ⣬м֡ζ
ȴЦЦ˵ˣʬҼģúȥˣû˵ǹܵó֤УԲԣ˵ˣǹҿҲûʲô⣬һҲһùҸҪ㣿
һӲʩˣ£ӵȻẦ£龰£Ầ£ǾͲˣֻӾöˣʼղϻʲôԣӲŲӲ̽׶ûеŮˡ
Ů˴һɳ˵Ȼ㲻£Ҿ㿴ҵĿ
˵ţŮתһۿԴϵͷ¶Ŀ
ȷʵһšʮֲֻֿ۾ĲλֻڶۿۿﻹһɺںڵŧˮûбӣһûƤ⣬еģֻǰ͹Ǻݣƫƫһһϣ˵
벻ǣӿ΢΢֮󣬲Ÿɬ˵㣬㻹ͷŰɣ⡭ӣȻôˣǡҿöЩθˡ
ˡ
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ӻһ㺦µ˼ûУŮٴһĨһƤϣͳѪͷĿ
ɦɦԴȻЦ˵úúãʣ˵⻹еֲҿıǿֻҪԴһ˦һһ˦һٺ١һĨܱһǲˣϧַ㲻á
һȴǲͷ˵˰ɣ硭ǻ¶ء
硭ӳһ粻ǵȥôֵһװŪˣ
ʵŻסŮֻ̾һжױȻڨڨ˵ϴȻû˵СȻ
ЦЦԴӷְһ֮ʱǵһж˸š
򵥵˵һˣͬ˵һͷߣȡο͸߶Ĵѣοڻ
˵ˣȻʹһЩֶΣЩʲôֶΣȻֶ֪֮꣬κܸӸոһĻʵı֮УͿóǸŪٵĸ֡
ȥΣĿľԲˣο֮Уһֲֿýһʱ䣬еοͲҶ
һĿľǣҪܿοͣǰҵпҵõĵطҲǴǰվܹðʱȻο͵İ֮£ȥ
취ȻףǾЧ
ǺǡЦСֵܲɫˣһǾףǸ˲ţֲðϴ޿ڲ
ЦЦ˵һˡ
˶˵ڸôȥ˰ɡ
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΢΢ЦЦתͷһ
ӽ͵Ҫǵĵû򣬾ͻ࣬ϴ֣ҪǺǡ
ûȻ£ҲܹĴ󵨵صϷҪȥŻĲ˼磬ǽ²ֻǻᱻҴݶѣһ٣ƾͺܲˣҪ˵ĵҪֹĲ˼籬һ٣õİ취ȻĲ˼硣
˵ֵȷҪĲ˼ö࣬иĺôʲô֮£ҲԲҳ֣ңˣҲûֱӶ׼


388 
Ӹ󣬺ЩޣĲǳһİ
Цҡҡͷûߣû취£˵Ҫţֻһ˵ģУĲ˼磬ȴ˵ΪĲ˼Ṧ򣬶ΪĲ˼ǸŮӣŮⷽ棬͵СһЩҲŪ벻
ǺǴЦ磬һ͸һŲߣһΣȴ˵ˣΪϴ书ãΪϧ񣬹
֪ΪӰô£ɫЩ̡
ԱʮԶȻֵ磬һѣ˵棬ȥɡ
ѺĶڣ̲סԥһ£̲סתͷʵ磬㲻һȥ
ҡҡͷ˵ǶиԵģҵ񣬴ˣҲ˰ѷ磬غ˵·ȥǺǣǲҵΧ֮ڡ
˵ͷʾ⣬Ͼ˼֯мɵģο޹ص˿˵·һȷأɳĮҲҪ˿أö˴Һ·
ڲ󣬵˵öҪǰɣ˻ģԼȥֻҪһӣܹԼֱӸɵ
һ㣬ɲҲȥǣϾӵˣ˵ضڣҪŪˣǻСһ
ӿ΢һԥ±ظ˵ⶴںС磬ԣܲȥҪ涼˳˳ģ
⻰˼ǣôССĶڣԷӣȥ϶ҪȥģҲҪŵ㣬ȥһ̽̽·˵һ϶һʲô춯Ҳܹʱֹ棬Ҫʲô춯Ļӿ϶Ӧ˵ģԣѡһ⣬ֱӾѡȥ̽·
ֱܹԳһӢš
Ҳ˵ͷ˵ʲôĻһǷźţҺ׼
ӵ˵ͷ漴¡
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û뵽Լ˼˳Ҫһ£ЦЦ˵ʲôʱȥʲôʱȥɣһûȥҵ񡣡
˵ţһתֱӻͷȥ
㶵Ĳ֪룬ֵ磬̽ͷ˵磬ڡɡ
ڣ˵Ĳ˼ˣҲ˵ûʲôۡ
£ڨڨЦЦԼˣ漴С
СҲףµײһһ׶һĺᶴһƣ֪ǵûģӸǰ˲ԶǰͻȻͿߴ
ֱӴһĹôľ룬ôĵ£и֡
µĹҲóֵһ£Ĺﵹǽ̻ԻͣһһıʻͿɵÿԡ
ֻоʲôڻڻپҲֵ˼Ǯ˵һĹıڻ޷ҲĹһĹԼĹ˵ݣ˵ԶԶЩƽ鱦Ʒʵڡ
ԱڻҲôģڻûĲ˼ˣһĹĶ鱦ôǣ¶ýһԷһ԰ɡ
ǰûɢŲٵļʸӦǰһǸ֣˻أüʸ˳ȻŰȫߡ
ߣûԶһѾ򿪵ʯţʯűϣеƹ˸һŵģʱЩŵƹģӦþǰĲ˼ˡ
ƫƫĸոշһȣˡ
չһƺߣźüһУ
ǰǳ״һɵüӿ˽ŲֱЩ˷֮
һͨߵʯϲǱڻһЩ𸡵񣬸ԵúǴͷ֮һˣӦþǰΧµˣסĺУ
һԼʮ꣬šüëŪˢӵͷӣƹһ̧ͷһͷӣΪ岻ʣðͻȥ˵ܽ
Ծǣû뵽ܽҲǰһңӣܽĵλڰǰ͡
ϵİؿϲ֪ʲô˸ϡãۿǻˣڼ˵ĺУԴһᣬֱ
ܽһˣȻһ󱯺ãͷӲŷԸˣȰѰʬ̧ȥʱͨЩأȡĹĲٺúõĺᰲ
Ĳ˼Ҳվ棬ǵһʱ䱼˹ȥĲ˼ôȵ
Ĳ˼絭ҡҡͷ˵ʱһ񣬾ͷֲԣ㱾ܵ˳û뵽̾µⶴ档
ĬĬĻ̌˰̧ȥĹʣܽɣԼǼ
ĬãĬã̧ܽͷʵСֵܣϵĹأҪҶ˵ɣ
Թ󷲵ĹʹֵһͬĹҲδزۺĺ֮ͽ֮󣬸ӷĿУ͸˵ʲôʱƴյں֮ڣʲôԣܽʲôȶ˵ģֱ˵ϵġء
ĵ˵ͷʾһжᰴչ¡
ҲٺٵһЦ˵үȻûɹĹĹҸһҲǹֵģүӴȥңʲôʱɹۺĺڵ¡
ܽ΢΢ЦЦǽ
ֻǿܽЦﰵЩģһոأˣһﻹЦóһԼ˰Ѫ
ʵҲֲܽѪ߹޲뾮ƣοӾǰ˵ĹѨǰƵĻغҲֻ˵Լѧղù˵ͷ˱֣ĹҲȻ
µģ˭ǰԴڿ˭˭һ
ֳĬһܽſ˵˴ĽҲһˣô˵Ҳ˰ɣԣܽһڣֱ⣬ԵĽһܽһ£ǰ뿪ǸֱˣǰʯϲŴ򿪵ģ棬һţ˸ķһʱ䣬û򿪡
üͷʣһˣһʯôỹû򿪣
ܽһӣĻգ˵Ĺأһϸһ쿪һʯţҲûʲôϡ棬˵ĹĻԽҲԤʾĹԽвѳĶԽ࣬ҸɻȻһЩʱõĲȻͲ
ȴͬܽ˵¶䣬öδϾһкܶĻرԼ;һһ֮󣬵õĶ˳ҩ
һڹ꣬Ӹѩ˾һ˳ǵֿտգõֵģҲͽֻһ黹򴴿˵һԬԿǡ
ܽӴ˵Ӧһ¥ĴĹ壬õ÷ǳ


389 ҷ緶
ܲҵֵǮԼٵ̤ǧ̵УӺǹģ˵ӾЩмˡ
ӿҲϡŹֵţƤɲôôģӵĻ˵ôҲǴǹֵĻϹġ
ֻҪ˵η䣬û׼үӸɲ˵飬ö۳ͼӰֵ
һ񴵺٩վһԴϻЩģţƤ˳ȥʱôճ
үӳĬһ£;˫ʵ൱ʲôҶһЭĻĻˣҲȻ
ǰȵģңһˣͷȻǹãүǰģүӱ̰ģиԼó֮󣬴ֵˣүֻҪʮ֮еһɼɡ
ǳǲǣΪֹһģʲôûʼɣҲ֪ж͡
ԣүӸһ£үһ˷һɣӡĲ˼ˣҲֵֻܷһɡ
ⲻͷ٣ؼҪ٣үмҸ֣ӵģ٩ҲԣֳҲԣվֻǺ󱲡󱲣ӦٷһЩ
ӱҪΪԼȡһЩģǱֹˣͬү˵ʲô鶼ûʼɣҪһЩǿ϶ӣԹ̡
漴ǰʵүм֣ʲô
үӿЦ˵¹ľ٣ĹĹ˵ҲаʮǣĹĻãҴûģ﷭˴Ĺţҿһʱ䣬û򿪣һˡ
˵˷˵ˣҲͲٶˣǱһ˫֣Ĺߵĸ
ŵʱװģˣҪȻǾûˡҷ緶
Ĺĸ񣬵񹤾ϸ֮͸һִ˺أ᾵ĸоǵСˣɭɭĹ￴һЩĿĸֻ¶Ҫŵιȥӵ˼ʶĳ棬˵ҲôһˣȻǲẦ¡
һһĸӼ˰СʱŰͨߵĸ꣬긡װģĿһֱû뿪ԼܽүӣǰôģôĻء
үĹѾһʱˣǽϵĵ˵Ҳ˲ʮ飬Ҫǽӿ϶ǲܵġ
ֻܽһгӣȻЩɻ󣬵ʵʵ˵˳
ǰžãţӦĹҵһϣǲܴ򿪵ģҲ˵ҪʹţҲõĶŪôĹ֮ʱǴһĹ֮ʡ
ҡҡͷޣǮǻʲôģĹͼɶͼͼ˽Ѿϵţô׵ľܴ򿪣״򿪵ģ޷ǾҪյ룬ȻĻŪˡ
ǲҲǰȻȻĴ򿪹ţһԴ˵
һſڽˣλ٩ʵͰǰģ˵ٸأ˼Ҳɵӡ
һＴ̾ͰţƤˣûټȥЦЦ˵ĹΪԼ徲ţȻҪ伫ỹиһ֮˵һĵطʵĹߣϵ©νƽأʵҵص©˵ͨţʵǿţ·
·ܽһƾľ飬ţҲ޵һϣһϣõĲƾʲô˵һ·ѵѾʲô֣
ЦЦָұߵǴϣи΢ͬĵط
ĸϣƺһĴᣬһԵĲǺһһͻ͹ϣһϸСĿ׶ûһ
תͷϸؿ˺һЩָͻ˵ҲطͬطˣǶ˵
ɣˮĲرǸѾȥĳǱϸʽĻƶУӸһ𣬴ӼٸΪƵĻҪҳһȷĻذťԣڹ۲Щϸ΢֮ʱӺС顱ġ
ڶ̶̵İСʱҳ⼸ʮĲ֮ͬЩ׵ģܽүӶһ֡֡ĸоӣֻܽܺǺˡ
Ҫ֪ܽҵͻ𣬿ǻСʱڲŰСʱط˳˵ǡ֡ܽЩš
ȷʵˣ̲ܽס˵һ䣺ǰذȥš
ʱպðִǸ͹ϣܽôһ˵ʱһԼˣԼһԼͷŵˣǰʱ򣬰Ǹûǣ˵ǰزűŪģ͹֣Ǳҧһһ㣬æ˻
ܽüͷЩ⣬ôԼֵģңˣҪٴδأ¹ʣǾԼ⣬ѰĹ̽ҶǰԴڿϵģҲԹ˭
˵ΪһAKʵҪ΢ǿһЩĹǰ£ԼŬҳģʵһӣһҪռһɣ˷ȴǰﲻҪ˰һ·ͻܾȻǰͲá
Ūһһһ˾ٷһݶȥ
ֻܽ԰ĲֱӾͺ˹ȥ˵Ϊ͹ȥŷų˶꣬Լ˸ϡá
Ϊĵ˰죬ҵڲͬͻϲֱ֮࣬ӾͰȥҲֱӵ˰
һҪһϸ˿ԼһϸߣԼһǿӣ˸ɵľ֮飬ЩߣȻһ٣£ɣӴıҵϣһ̸
źϸ˿ϵǸ׶˿ȦһԲȻϵס˿
һôһɣһԴôô򵥣Լôû뵽ˡ
˳һЩ£ȻǼΪḻʵֻز̫ӣֻߣʾַ֮
һ˵ĹˣҪǷ쳣ͻ𣬶붼ֱӰȥŤתصߣսУңǰţˡַرջأȴ뷴УĿΪҪɱˡ
ܽҲֻǼΪϡ٣ܽ¹һЩĹܽϵģҲͽֻһĻأһʱ飬ϰ˾ű󣬾ӦþĹңϲ֮࣬ȲҪȥţȴ˰㡣
ܽʱִٲѣողҵصڣûüϸϸļ飬³ç֮£˻أű˵ܽûüٴǰȥȷء
ҲҪֱӰȥģܽһȴһ䣬̱˾üȻȥˣǾֻˣ˵ֻǹ۲ǿǲԻԭȴǲȻ
ֻһȴΪţϹӹףðɣĲ˼綼µʶ
СİӺ˿Ӻãˣ׼еԶԶıܿеȶ˰ȫĵطŸʹӡ
ܽԭҲôģǼ÷ԸֱӾ͸˴ͷĻԭȵĲҲԼһЩ
̽ĹȡûԸͷ󣬴ͷˣǽڻңԼѪ⣬·ȻҲûԸˡ
һǰʲôΣյĻҲԸñȥڻң׵ˣӣԶԶǸ͹ļʼ
˵ؼǿǸһȻתǸ͹Ҳðǽϵĸ


390 ʯ
ãżһ΢¡¡ʯϲûʲô֮ķɳ֪ܽصĿӣҪǿ͹һʯĦУǿ͹Ӳ˸ǽڡ
͹ȫǽڣӴһŷ֣ʵ͹𣬾һ񱡣ȴ߶೤һι״Ķ
ܽ˵ʯǿĹ˵عġԿס
һ˵ԿףŻϣȷһεףԿףȴû֪Կ׵ķ
˵Կף֮ǸššһӸҪԿͱȥ
ҪҪǲŪĻַּʲôģֻ߰⡰ԿסŪϣǶǹһ
ֻӻĥҪôȥϵ֮ʣһԿ׿ж
Ĳ˼һ֮䣬Ƕ˱ŵһĵĻ㣬ܵޣĵطͻȻ֮ŵζȻʲô¡
кţһ֣óߣһݸĲ˼磬һ׸ӣ漴ԼҲ˸ߴϡ
ڵص£Ǿ綾̻ʲôĻأһҪصģЩضȥ̾ɥʧж򵱳ɱȻǰҲá
ʾǼʱ
ܽԭӣɵصµĻҲ׼зߣһסԴߡ
ߣһëֱӽǷŶĿӶ
ȻǰǸԿס
ǰӹԿף˺һָܽһ漴ʯǰ棬Կסס
б£ͷߣһ˫ףҪڻңѪ֮Ϊһ·ġ
ΣļҪִɹԼֵܵţ˵ҪԿסȻԼšԿסܽȥš
֪˰ȴҵˡԿסô˵ҲЩûӣ˵ʯź棬Ĺ˵ĹңȻһôҲǲͷ
ϣԼκȥͷﲦˡͷڷʱǾ˻Ȩ
ԣԿס֮󣬱ܽűϣԼֱӿš
ȻǿҲףҲȥƣĲ˼磬һ˿
ԿײףֻǡԿסףĻһΣҲ岻ȥˣңãûκεķӦҲûأƣԿסǶԵģڵĹؼ⡰ԿסһʲôĶҪšʲôĶ
ܽ˺һžұŤתٶҪҪᣬֹ󴥻ء
ˣɰŤԿףܽȴʯϣϸϸԿתʯ洫
ȻǴ˷ߣҲסŬסΨܽ
ŰתԿףãʯﴫաһǸԿԶܽĴһ˷ܵ˵ſˡ
ſˣҲ˵Ĺ˵ĶѾֿɵãӣϽ׮˳ʱװһ󶵽Ʊ׼
ΨͻȻ֮ɫ䣬еá
һ̣һϸ΢ɳһϤϤ
ֻܽЩȻŶˣûʲôʲôá
ܽһĬȻȻס˵Ǵ򿪵ģ԰ɣҺ׵ľʹˡ
ܽͷ˵ǰôˡ
һǴܴ򿪣
ܽе˵ͷǡ
ûпǿʯͷܺһ飿
׶һ鰡Ľзǽжʯ
һѳĲ˼磬һߴУʯҪ£ˣܡ
ܽ漴һǷһæˡ
Ѹ٣ոܴűϣʯֻʣһһ׿ķ϶ˣƫƫܽſһȻɣĲ˼硢ĸ˶˺棬Ȱܽ˳ȥǿ齫׺ȵĶʯ£ýʣ²һ߿һҲݲȥ
˾ֻĿܽ˳ȥ
ɣź£Ķʯڶʯ洷
Ĳ˼翴ʵô
ӵνЦЦҲֻĸⷢƵˡ
̾һĲ˼˵ĹǺʵűӦֻһӣ˺׵ľʹ򿪣Ȼ󣬵е˽֮ȥ򿪸ղǵţʯҲ
˵
һԣٺٵЦЦ˵⻹԰˼Ҫ׽һ򾡣ٺ١
ɣڶʯһʮɥĿĲ˼ˡ
磬Ӧа취򿪵ģԲԣЦ˺һ˵
ҡҡͷҪ򿪣ûͻе첻
㲻ը𣬺䣬һӣǲͿԴҡڽˡһƤЦ˵
һ˵ըҩɣ۾һվһץסе˵СֵܡСֵܣըըҲҼﻹźӡСֵܡը
Ĳ˼¶һ˿ϣ
ֻЦҡҡͷ˵ըҿɲô졭
Ĳ˼ЩֵĿʵô£Ϊʲôը
ʱûУط׶࣬ʮףҲ˵ͷϣɳըһ죬һ˲ͻ³ǧֵɳӣǾøˡ
Ѳըԭһ˵һɫɷԼҲһȥ򣬾ըû֮ء
ô졭ô졭ɣڽ˳
Ĳ˼磬ʵ㻹бİ취ûУ˵컨һȥ
شӿɥ˵ϴҪܴ컨ڸȥЩһֱˣͷķʲôġ
һ컨壬̾һ˵Ⱦ˵ˣĹأĿľΪ뱻˴ţˣĹȻǧټơʾ֭Ҫġ˵û컨壬Ҳ̫ڣֱӾϸɳǴҲǰϸɳ
ҲԴа˵磬Ǹô
һھ·һ·ԭȴүӣʵʩԮ֡
ʵʩԮ֣ӼǸɣһҡҡͷٴδһ·Ĺ࣬רŽˣͱָ
˶٣˵Ǹǲ翿Լһ·Ǽﴳûȥ
ãҲ̾һǿЦ˵Ҳǣ쿿ز翿Լף˵


391 
˶٣ӽ˵˵ʵҲٸ˾ٷһݲƱٺ١㣬ʵҲͦõġ
һͷߣҲ˵ӾУʲô飬ҪϹ
£Ҳٸӵ˷ϻתһȥĲ˼硢ӡɣȻǽ
һǰֻ˻֣ñ˱̫ȻСĿǰȥȻȥǵš
ķҲıƿһ죬̽ͷȥűȴһƬĺڰʲôҲ
ʯŷ϶øһЩһҲȲסˣֱӼߣֵȥ
ֻǲһӱ㡰һ
ǰܽ˵ű󣬱Ĺ˵ĹңڴţʲôĹңȴֻһͨңͨģ˵Ҳʮü׳
Ӱһ漴Ƶ˵꣬ʲô˰Ƶͨôһһģûˡ
ɣں˵ͨżţ߹ŵġ
תͷĽЦŶԸɣʵǰ꣬˶ٽƱ
ɣЦһ£ţʮĸʣ
Ĳ˼һʮĸʣһʻɣ˵óڣǼֱıɱǰĲ˼ֱӽɣȥ졣
һһʵֲãˣǶûôʹҲǼ
ȴһ˵⻰ЩˣԵţ߻֮£˶ֻܻʹΪ
ȥİɡûһڡ
ʱѴ򿪣ֵͨһ£ͨǷש̾͵ĵ棬˵ˣ϶зǳǹ֮Ļء
Ҵ⣬˵СԼء
£ҪӡɣһʯŸס˵ôϢĸϡ
Ӹŷ߿һתͨ棬ʲôûУʲô
ɣҲǿĿȴãȻ޴룬ɢЩʲôģȻǺô֮⣬ͨҲҲʲôˡ
˺һӣóǸ̹ߵͨϣ˳һ鸡á
ӿĶ̹ʵ磬Ǵʲôطóģ
˵̸ҵħ棬һоǲһôɱ˵Ĺˡ
ӺٺٵЦӿɽҲٺ٣Ҫѧ涫Ǿ͵Ҫʱʱ̰̿ѵ߶ߣʱصĶдĦǺǣĳɾͣؽ߳⵱ʦĺܶࡣ
û뵽ħɣھɥ֮УȻסЩ档
ЦЦɣ˵ΪħַԼϵĶҪΪԼķӦ
Ĳ˼óӣͲʲôϡġϣóĶأΪܱħңܱһЩ̾ΪֹħĪĴøӳǲֵһС˼
Ĳ˼˵ͷǳĸлĲ˼⣬Ȼ󣬲ߵһ鿴еʵĸǰϸؿһ£ҵһ϶Ȼ󽫹Ӷ׼϶Ӳȥ
ֻۡһһֽľһ㣬Ͳȥһ磬˿ȣȻһˣ鸡ʱɶһЩ
֪鸡õĲʵǱ绯̫ˣõ̫ˣסĵطȻžһըѣһСʯͷ֮˳
ţѵʯ飬ڶͨɽһȡһըС飬ɢ䵽ϡ
ΪССʯѣĹӶʱûѹƣһ˫Źӵ֣ʱ硱һֱֱĻʯϡ
ױţܸоõʮָֹǣǱ۶һ㣬Ǹʹᶼ
ӺõȷǲÿһΣԼҪһЩͷ
סˤ˫֣Ĳ˼ʹʵôˣ
ҲǰȥҲҪοһģֵ⻮ղŸոձǸطʱЩԾ
ĵطȻȭͷСİȻ̫ǰָͷǽڣȻ·Ǳ˿Եȥġ
֮Ӿ棬ΪǰӿʮϸĿЩطӡ֮УӲǵİңӲĻ
һ˫ȭͷİӡôģ
Ӻ֣תͷĲ˼磺ϴ㿴ô¡
Ĳ˼簲ο˼ٵͷȥָŵĵطһ֮Ĳ˼̲סҡҡͷʲôô£Ϊ绯أôʲôֵġ
תͷȥǸطʱһӲɿԷȥȭͷİôһգ֮䣬һƬ䡣
һƬĵطҲģֻԵǳӡ
йˣץץԴЩĵȥ۾һ̧֣ȴ˷ߵľƬϡ
ʱҲӵķ߾Ƭһ£˵ӣôˣ˻þۣ
ЩҳߵľƬһĨʱھƬָͷĺۼھƬǲͣش磬ʲôôʲôˣ
ЦЦȥӵĴСУ˹ӣٴȥǿ鸡
һΣСһЩÿһõ࣬룬һࡣ
һһ߼һߺ񱡵ʯӲĴǽ˳
ֻ鸡䵽ͨնһϸɳ
ɣһЩˣһɳ
ңɣû˵꣬תͷҪոմŵͨܡ
ּۿ죬һѾץס˸ɣȵܡ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ɳ߶ȣӦûʲôģҪš
ҲŪɾ˷߾ƬϵĻҳ˿ӿ׶ϸɳٺٵЦЦɣʲôţֲˮһɳҽűڲסġ
Ϊѡ鸡񣬳ߴ粢ǺܴǽµĿ׶ҲߣԣɳҲǺܶࡣ
ΪֹӵĽűûס
ҲΪһվñȽԶҪǰǽվŵĻ˵Ҳ͵ϥ˰ɡ
ⲢΣգɳӱϾˮʹǸɳӣѻһĳ̶ȣҲͲˡ
ȸɣǿŷſɣȻһ֣Ҫɳסǿʯᶯһ¡
漴Ҫӹæһ̧ʯŵʯűϣסʯš
ˣһʯžĹ̶žлطҪʯŸԭǸûпܵ顣
һУһȻ׼ǰͨ
ͨ϶ǻصģҪƽ˵ѶȻ治һС
ڻ壬ӡĲ˼ˣɶһĨڡ


392 Ͷʯ·
ɣһѸոɳӣ̾һʹǽһ·ͬûаϣ棬ǲ֪ɳӣɳ֮ȥ췽ҹ̷
ԣɣֻתͷȥߡ
ǿֵ磬վʯűϣ˰Σ˭Ҳ׵ߡ
ʱɣŵӣ˵֪һԼһͨĻʲôλá
û˵꣬ȲĽе㻹˵û׼ͨ꣬ǵʯţǷòƱĵطˡ
ɣڨڨЦЦŴʵܼ򵥣Ͷʯ·Ҳûʲôð
üͷ룬ʵҪʲô
õģи󱳰װɳӣϵӣȻ󽫱ӣӡɣӵı˵
ҿô򵥡ӺԥȡԼıһȫ˳Ȼ󽫱Ӹɣøɣȥװɳӡ
ɳȥʯ֮󣬴ģҲֳɵģƬ̣ɣװ˰뱳ɳӣϵá
Ȼűߵűߣ΢һЩøɣ⡰Ͷʯ·
ɣӵı˵࣬Ȼˡһʮصɳ˳ȥɳͨＸԶĵطۡһ졣
΢Ƭ̣Ӧûʲôأ԰ҲûС
ɣûʲôӣɳ˻׼еڶΡͶʯ·
һԿ˿ҡҡͷɳʮأɣıӲԶٶβӳȥһ£һ죬ҲԲͨ
ȫȷҪеļԼһĸˣ˵Ʋɣ꣬Ҫɣѹ֮ǰҵ·϶Ҫµġ
Щļ
һ֮£ǰԸɣ˵ɣ磬Ҳ˰ɣҪԡ
ɣĨһѺˮ΢ԥһ£漴ӵݵȻ˿һԡ
Ͷʯ·ˣҪͣĽʮصɳͣӳȥңظһط
ѵʹظһطǲǰװ˷ʱ䡣
˷Ҳںʱ䣬ǿ϶ǴĲġ
ԣվ˳ҪӹܸɣġͶʯ·
ɣ΢ƿһЩɳȻɳ˳ȥ
վںļ˶ЩԾǿֵ£Ҷ֣Ǹɳֱӵͨͷ
öƫƫġ
ǽü˸ЩĿࡣ
ӣһɳһߣȻصȥϵضӣɳ㲻סԾŻ
Ĳ˼ָĳϣѾЩľˣӡʵɣʵǴ۾
Ͷʯ·ⷨӣɣùֹһΣҲùһΣһͨⷨӣ򿪻أûļʸȫġ
ֻʹӣǰͨʱȴԲ龰ʱַǺϻǰȴûһһӾܹӳȥôԶ
ǺüʮصһɳӰ
˭Ҳһ˳ȥôԶߣþ˵ĸɣҲûܹƾһӣͿԿʮԶɳһһŻ
һǰɳӣһԶĴͨߡ˻ֻҪɳߡĵطӦúǰȫ
ֻǣʲôַôģ
ȻŷߣܹоƺôĿ⣬е
ֻһʱ֮䣬Ҳô˵Щһ֮䣬ɳΣɳıģΡ
أͨȻûʲôϲ׼ֱӽͨ
룬Ĳ˼һס˵һΡ
һΣеԼӳȥɳǽͨߡ˸飬ڶûʲô쳣Ӧþû˵ġ
ɳ̫СһɴﲻߵЧĲ˼͵
ɳ˵ҲʮһµҲܷΨһȱǱ̫󣬸棬˺ܴ
Ĳ˼絣ĵԭ
һȴһϵľƬһ˵ʣϧû磬һ
ɣȴվ﷢£Ƕֲ²⡣
ΪɴԼ֣ٴЩɳӣȻٴλصűߡ
ŹĹҵıһһĿɿڴжô󱳰ɳӣȴŵֻŵͷ
ٴνһ뱳΢˵Ȼ֣ɳӣ߶ûֱӾۡ͡һͨһΡ
ɳأ漴ͨȴһ󡰸ԸԡžǽߴܳһĻǣҫ֮Уڶ
Ĳ˼һлء
漴һ֣һ˺ü㵽ʯڱϣɣȴǱܵһſһȴǱʯڣŬ󡰼޲ðԼ嶼ʯȥ
˺һһĻǡŽʧõǣȻûһɳ⡣
һû˰ϲѣͨĻأˣ
ȴһëȻԼոҪǲĲ˼Ȱ裬ֱӾͽȥĻֱӾˣ
ɣҲĴӵȻµĿĲ˼ˡ
˺һŽͰ͵˵ӦáӦáһԡ
Ŀſڣóǿֵһ£Ǹһϣ˺һʸֻ棬Ҳһֻ⬷ڵϡ
˺һŽûѴһı˻ֻǱɳҲй¶һɶһŲġƤ
űϲ¼ʮ֦Ĳ˼üͷûа취һΣȻлأǾ;ԲֹһΣȫ϶ǲҼߵġ
ץץԴ˺һߵǶɳԱߣȻȥ
һʱЩֵͣ磬ſűϣϸشֻͨûãӵ۾
һʮʯͷſڣ
ʯͷʯͷģ
ٺٵĸЦǽϵʯͷ绯أҾһѣ
תͷȥֵգȻֳͨһɳӣǰǶС˺ܶࡣ
Ĳ˼İ֮£ٴӽʯϵסȻʯͷ˳ȥ
һΣûǰǴãû̾أʯͷߵʱ򣬲ŵһ룬ȻһһϮ
淢Ҵ⣬һ価֮ٴӳʯͷˣһӳȥߴΣȻμꡣ
ʱɢڵ˺һ㣬ܹסߡ


393 
һΣңǶ׼ǰصĵطֻ΢ġԡ죬ȴҲû
һȴԵúЩƣôôûأ
ɣȴЩɵ˵ӦһһּΪ̲ԶŵȴڿģԷʮΣ
ţ㡭תͷŸɣٺٵЦҪܷʮģһͦǹô¥ȴĪʧ
ɣҡҡͷ¶һ˿ɬģһΣǼһ󴲣Զ̶Ⱥܸߣǳ֣ԱԤŵԲʮ֦
ǸﲻŪȥǺǡǿ쳯ʷϵۣô˵ҲֵòƱƱɡЦ
Ĳ˼һԵЦӣһַ˺Ϳ˰ɣɣǼȻܼ󴲣ȻĽƱںʲôġ
ø˺պӣСĽͨ
ʮ׵ͨ˺üӣŵ˾ͷ
۾ǣűϿģͨͷһţʵϣͨȴֻǹһ䣡
֮󣬼Ǻͨ
갡ӿźڳ̲ͨסֹһɣ磬ǵ鱨׼ȷһǰүӾ˵űĹңŴˣȴֻһͨĹҲ̫רҵ˰ɣʲôֽѨ֮飬Ƕû԰ɣ
ӣ˵ͨ棬˵쿴Ǳߡ
һ˵ֵ׼һѶ
ŷߵľƬǿܿǶѶһ壬˵壬ڵϵġ
ҿ磬˵ǾӰؿڣ˵
漴̤˹ȥ
Ĳ˼ǵĵĽһ
ͨأôһ£ֱӾ͹ȥˡ
ֻĲ˼绹û꣬ѾǶѶǰ
ȷһѾɹǺ˵壬õӦҲһĹģңӦòǺܾǰ顣
߹ǺϵﶼܿóΪ߹Ǻϴģִ˲еļпˡͷƤѥԼһ
±Ƶģæȥ߹Ǻı
棬һûˮˮңѾڵӣоһѾʴò˵ذף֮⣬ҲûĶˡ
̲סʧ̾һЩûһֵǮģ
Ĳ˼ȴüͷһ˵ô
̾һû˵ôģ⻹򵥣ҲĹģϧǣǻһõĶӦöŻˣҪ֪һӪ˯ˡ
ȴ˼ִȻû߳ȥǴʲôطģ
ӵİû˵磬һֱ˵ҵӷͿôô򵥵ĵҲĹһողŴ򿪲õĵ
ͨʯšǶǸողű򿪵ģȴһĹĹߵȻֻǴĵطڿġ
ȻܴطڵȻҲܴȥˡ
ɣ̲סһ˷ܣأҲҵõƱȥ·еģ
Ĳ˼ȴЩģô˵ҲѾ˺ܶ꣬ɳĮǵѾˡ
ץץԴĲ˼˵ģҲûеϾɳĮɳĮʲôǷɳǸû̮ɳҲһͶס˵
ôһ˵ԭ˷ܵĸɣȥ
ȴ˼ȻֿǱʲôİˣ˵ʲô˵Ǹ֣ȻǸ֣ĵ϶ֱӵĽĿĵأҲ˵˴ĵӦĹҺܽĵطŲ˷ѹɶɶ˼̲סʵ
ֻĵĽ˵ĵطĹֻҪ˶ĿֱӴĹұ϶֣ﲻҪˣɳĮòŹ˼ɱ˿´ĲҲһֱֻӶֵҪء
ץץԴͷ˵û˵ģ߹Ǻıֻʣ¼ںڵӣһˮһû߳ȥˣȷ϶ãܲܵǸ˾ĺѾ˵ˡ
ԣҪڵĻͲȥ˷̫ʱȻջûܳȥĳԣȫ¡
ԣֻҪҵĹңӦþֵܹڣֻҪֵܷǱɳӶס̮ĸڣҲö೤ʱ䡣
һ㣬ɣ˷ȲҪҵĹҡ
ȴЩ˲ˣһȻǴĹǱ߹ģȴûʲôƱ仰˵ҲĹ棬ûʲôֵǮĶãҲ˵һˣҪһˣң۳һܲܳȥʱ᲻һĹǶ˵
һ̾Ϣһվͨȥô˵˼룬ԶԶȥһңһʵʡ
ҵǣԴ֮ͨ󣬾Ҳû˻壬ȻȻʱػһЩдȻĻأǱеĹǺƻˣԣһ·ûʲôΣա
۵˺һĸǵĹҵſڡ
һĹҵſڣ˶һĹҵſڣǽһ׼ȷ˵ݻ
ſڶǽ¥ģֵ֮£һʡ
һ¥ˮ˳̵ģⲻͿ˽۵ôĹ˵öǮ
ҪǴӽĵطֱ¶ʯͷֱӾҪװĶ˳ȥ
úûƽ𲻽ɿţȴƫƫҪŪʲôۣʯͷŸĹĲʵܼҡ̲סƿڴ
һߵĲ˼綼̲סЦҲǵģԵز
ɣȴֻ¥ǰԵվһȻֱǰ
ɣЩֵǣ¥ĴţȻǱŵģӦ˵Ǳ˷˵ġ
һ⼣߲ì޴Żϣţÿ֪Ⱥصʯš
صʯű˷ˣ
ʲôԭ
ɣ˰˼⡣
һ·رϸĿǸ˵еĵطʼһֱߵûһеļҲ˵˵ˣǴһεطġ
ǴһεطģǾֻǴĹģǣ˴ĹҳΪëֽĹҵŷء
ѵˣĹҳ֮󣬾ҲûҪԭ·˻ȥ
Ĳ˼翴ʯϵìüͷ˼˺һŶ˵᲻ǡĹ滹ҪΣյöࣿ
ʲô֮£·ˣֱΣյĵطܣ
˵ͷֻǰʵʼϲ߸޷Ӧ֮£пܲһеҪӱܿȥ


394 ٸ1
ӼѵİĿӽתƹٺٵĸЦ⻹ôȥʲôˡ
ȥǱģΪ·棬ֻǣһˣôļ
˺һɣҧǰȥìȡȻȥȴţ˾ǣȴڸɣƶ£ȻϢľͱˣңɡ
Ŵ򿪣ֻǿֵ˽ȥ벻ǣ¥棬ȻǼеĹҡ
ߣֻ˵ֻǿֵ֮£˶ûĹĹ餣ֻһƬģģӰ
Ӱ˵ЩֻΪÿӰǽģεüΡ
˰ΣӲŻع˵˾䣺ӦĽӽ˰ɣ
ϸĿһͻȻתͷӵ˵ЩҲֻǱͿһЩۣӣǧ
ΣôĲ˼
ҡҡͷ˺һ˵ҿѾˣֻǻһΣգӦû˵ģ
ӹһǲûΣգô֪ÿ֣ıð
ΪߵڸǣӵȻǿصɫǴɻܸоһЩ
ĥĥģĸ˽¥ؽӽЩŽ
ǰ̲סۡĽһЩ񣬳˱ӵ˸ߴһЩ֮⣬ľ͸һǱ黹ϸ΢֮ͷ˿ϸµ͸˵·ʲôģˣ
һ֮޲Ľ˵ĵ˾Ҫ˳һȥǡǡ
ӿһͿ۵ĵܣҪŪȥ˵Ҳֵٶʮɡ
Щ͸죬Ｘ¶һǰδеĿ־壬Ϊ˸֣ӵȻǿĿ־ˡ
һǰߣתͷȵӣߣߡ
һЩԼķΣŭ磬˵ҶҲûҶҲǶ࿴˼ۣҲֹķΧ֮У
ûɣȴһŵյ񣬵յаںϣһдĵо
ɣ̲סóȼȻȥյ
ȴһ˵˵ĹǿǽصĺܣʲôĹƣ𡭡ٺ٣ɣ磬ЩǶ𣿡
ɣ漴ЩˣȻǸɵҲǵĹĻȴûЩǲЩϵɣԣҲͲὲʲôء
˶٣ɣתͷʵôλ˵õˣӣӦҲǵϵˣ𣬰ɽж룿
һԴһᣬҪ٩һͨû뵽ȣֻģɣ˵ʲôɣҲúǺ棬û
ɣšһԺЩš
ֻ˵䣬ɣѾȼŵĵյ
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ȼĵƹ⣬ôҲоЩͷֻǣһʱ֮ȴ벻ⲻͷĵط
ƫƫ֪ô£ɣȼһյ漴ٵĵطӨӨĹںڰ֮зɳһȺө档
ӨӨĹߣͿ۵䣬ռʱһƬʡ
Ȼ֮䣬һƬʵ̹֮УǰϡŹֵĶĻƽ鱦ŮָϡŹֵĶһ㣬ʵۻҡ
ЩеϲĪ̲סҪеȴ˾ѣֱӾҪ衣
ǻþ붼û룬һ߬סĲ˼磬ֹĲ˼Ϊþ鲻Խ벻
ĹƣЩյȼӦþǸͷĵطĻнһЩҩڵ棬ڲ֪֮ж
Ǽ˶ŷߣж֮þĿԾͲˣΨһᷢþأǾֻһ
һƬʲ̹⣡
ֻһƬ̹Ϊʲôþһʱ֮䣬Ҳ˲ҪȥŪס
Լ˶ǳΣգû׼ͨǾźΪ˳ȥ֮¥ĴŶˡ
־ͼΪǿԣһ죬̾æתͷעŵϡ
Ĳ˼籾ҲѾЩʧһץֳлĲ˼֮ܿѹ
ֻĲ˼ոѹûü˵ַ֣һΪŷߣϵı飬ȴܿӵ۾ӵ۾¶񣬼ȳִ̰ã
ȥץסһĸ첲ӣһҲΪþԭ̲סϣסɫջҪŪһ㿴ֵܲǮ
һӣʲô
Ľţץһֻ첲һŤĲ˼硢ɣ벻ǣĸ첲ȻûʯͷӲȻӡһⲿλŤ
һֱ۶ͷĲ˼ͷ¶һЩһĶԣ˵ֱۣ
кüʮ񣬲˵ЩӦöһģˣ
һĲ˼綼顣
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⵹Ĳ˼ûʲôֻǣκΣʲôģĲ˼ҲôԾЩ񣬾Ȼˣһ㣬Ĳ˼һҲܲˡ
˵ˣЩ˶ǱĹʹ÷ǳֶΣƳٸġ
Щ˰ңôˣٸʱǳжֲ̣Ĳ˼ȥ
ߵߣȥӣû뵽һ£һʱһٸڵء
ٸڵأͨһʱѿ˼飬·ǽסʱʴȷ绯һ㡣
ֻѿٸ֮УȻֻּЫӣļֻЫӡ
Ыӣһ۾ͿóͨĻƽЫ𼫴󣬳;˶֮⣬ֽƵɫҲƵ죬ƵĿ
һͿЩйŹ֣ѹӣǧҶû뵽֪֮䣬ӻǶ֡
ʵҲֲӣڸɣûеȼյ֮ǰӶúõģеĵյȼ֮Щʧ
ɣȼյþԭҲûʲô󰭣ֻҪסԭҲʲô©ƫƫһ⼸˵־ᶨˡ
˲Ĳ˼ľһѹסӣֱӽϵĲ˼ߣӳճմģҪǱЩЫһ£̾ͻûġ
ʱĹﶼһƬͨͨģ񵹵ص
Щٸأ漴ѿ˼飬ѿ֮УϵһЩЫӡ


395 ٸ2
ȥˤѿӶȫǸɣƵģƣþԸɣɵӰѾأòϽȥ취ֹ
ЫȻξ˶ԾңôɳĮѥֻȻη壬˵ҲкüʮϰپٸȫŵĻЫӣԾͲС
ֻǣȾĲ˼磬ٰϹһȻݣǸɣȴѾڴƻٸųЫӡ
Ĳ˼ǰһƣչ漴ɣ
ʱɣѾԼķժӵò֪ȥҲѾĵز
ɣ·׷ʲôǹ񾢶޷ݣһɲ֮ײüӶЩЫӣҲγһĴ
ҧŽԼֻЫӲȵϡãȻĸɣ˵ɣ󣬸ɣȻعͷֿһЦһ˫Ѫ롣
Ҵ⣬̻һȭڸɣĺϡ
ɣǴĺףﾭסһһ̾ͻ˹ȥ
סɣ̱ӣҪͷкĲ˼磬û뵽Ĳ˼ӵԼߣȴŲ°ʮֻЫӡ
ܡĲ˼һܣһߴС
ֻ弸ֻЫӣͲẦ£ôˣҲͣԭء
£ŸɣĲ˼米Ѹٵĳ롣
룬ڻ֮䣬Ĳ˼羹Ȼ淽ֻ˳յĹסıܡ
ûЫӵһ룬ǰȴҲû·ǰ棬һǽڣ
ͷȡ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˲࣬ӣ˳ǽǰܣ˭֪ںЫӣȴƣͲ׷ǽڱϣĲ˼תЫӾ̳·Ӳӿ
Ҫ֪ЫӲʳĲ۾ǿϵë֪ڣĲ˼˲סıܣȻž޴𶯣ЫӵȻͻֱ𶯵Դ
ֻһĲ˼硢ζܣЫӷܹٶĿꡣ
۵ȦǰЫľƣһգۼͿûˡ
Ĳ˼翴ԽԽЫӣУ취
ʱŸɣѾ۵֮䣬ﻹó취
һһڣЩ˹е硭û𣬻𹥡
𹥣⵹Ǹ⣬ֻҪȼһѻ𣬱˵һȺЫӣһЫӣҲ赲סǣµòűԼ˹ȥĸɣסʱͻȥŪһѻ
ʾ֭ǿڳһֻһ֣һף˵࣬һҧҧ˨ȼףֶ
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һȺЫӹȻǱǿŪ˸ɻ𣬵Ҳü˹ȥ
ܱյĿռ䣬һŴĸ߱ףǾԲģ
ңܿ죬ͷһΪص⣬׷һȺЫǱԼɵˣױըƬˣȴ˸ٸˤ飬ˤЫӣҲ͸ˡ
һ˲֮䣬ڻҫ£ɫЫӣͬһɽɫĳˮһ㣬ֱӽĲ˼硢Χ˹
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ңոϡͿһըԣԶԶسĹơĹҶϣҲʼѣѷй¶һɹɵɳ
ʱӷСոȥ磬һѻ㡭ȻŪ˿ըò찡ѽ磬ãĹҪˡ
ĹҪˣͿˣױըһ̣ԼһĴ£ֻʲôôأҪǣϽ취ЫӵΧҵܹ̮ĵط
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ֻһ˲䣬Ӿ˫ֱոձһ£ȫָȴַЫѾ˽¡
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ǰΪҶڱټĹʣҶû֣ڣһըĻ⣬ͨĲ˼ǰ治ԶĵطĲ˼ȻͿˡ
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Ĳ˼һܣһߴУЩЫӣүүڳ֪үүҵˡ
ȴں治סĴߴӣӣܡǵҡ˼磬ҪСġ
ֱֳͨܣ֮䣬ְѺЫӵľһЩɲͣ룬ƻʲôЫӴѾԼûˡ
ǰʮףЫ˦׵ľ룬ʱױըӾҵ𶯣ǼĹңѾʼ̮ˣ
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ʱǰĲ˼תӺУ
Ĳ˼ߣŷ֣һĹңĲ˼վűϣһ˫Ĺţֻ棬Ĳ˼̾ȥţҲʯͷģͬǺأĲ˼һˣһʱ֮䣬صϡ
һĹңֱӾȥĲ˼֣ҲǣֱӰѼϵĸɣһӣȻȥš
һЫȺٽһɲǣʯŹ˸˿Ϸ졣
Ĳ˼Ψϵķ϶Ыܹϸϸļ飬ЫӾ޿ýĲ˼ŷ
ֻǵȴ̱˵ϡ
һ·϶ŸɣЫ׷˼Ȧ̱۵ãһȴΪһʱĿԵֺãֱӳ˺ü⣬϶˼⣬ɱȶ౳ﶫҪ
Ĳ˼ҲǴϢ˺һʵӣû°ɣ
Ӹ˶šһ˰ΣʵϴҲû°ɣ
Ĳ˼ӦһƬ̣˵еģ
ģӵɴ۾
һۣ漴˵ӣҪ̰ģȥӶϴҲöĵġ


396 ϣ1
Ϣ˺һóֵ磬˽һ˵磬ǻҲ֪ô£񹲷ߵˣ治֪ϾŲţš˵ӦĹ˵ģôﻹôط
ֵ£Ĳ˼綼֣طıǰǸطҪ󣬲ط˲٣ңԭӦиٸ
ԭӦиٸڣϣȴһƬǽ壬ȻѾ˸ով龰
Ե֤ǣһƬǽĵϣ߰˾߱ȽźЩȽźķڴ¥Ǿ߹ǺȻһģΪűȽһµļпˣ
Ҳ˵һˣĹߵԶģǵ¥֮Ǹˡ
Ӵ˿ȥһЩ˵ıòˣҲʧЩ˵ıҲֵǮĶ
ⲻЩʧĲ˼ҲЩɻ󡪡ЩûܴﵽĹң
ҪǴĹҳģô˵ҲչһЩƷǣ
ȴһ쳣ЩˣȫΪٸЫģԵһ߹ǺϾȻһ⼣߲ذס
Ĳ˼Ҳһ߹Ǻ˶絽ߣҲһ߹ǺԴѾҵϡá
Ƭ̣Ĳ˼˵ЩӦǵɱģЫģӦֻһˡ
ӲʵɱҪҵ˽Ʊ߲ɱҲ˵ùȥһһڶҪøɾΪʲôҪɱ
һ²дڵϵĵյյͣоҲǱŹģӦ˵ܹƽЩأҲӦþ֪յȼ֮ģԲȼյҲ˵ȫųΪþŵɱģôЩȲΪֲ߲ΪþԻȴɱ䣬ɱһΪʲô
ǲ⣬Ĳ˼ҲһƬãһ̾Ϣһ˵ҲǣҲǣҪĹҵĵطֻһЩ֪һЩȫ֪֪˵Ȼ̡
ӵĻû˵꣬ҡҡͷȻҲУ̫СˣôûĹ֮ǰһ˵µĹûм֮ǰֲΪ˶ܷڧκ˵ûʲô塣
ҪȻ⵽˷Ӳĵ˵˵˶ˣֱһ˽ĹɨɾϰŷŵЩˣֻߣЩ˽ƱŽһȫɵĶҲȫչθɾ
Ĳ˼˶ǺĿһӣһ˸ɵģΪʲô˰Ѷȥ֣Щ˳ȥˣһ޼ʣ˼ɳĮʱٺڳԺڣǻȵ˵ö֣࣬ǲҪԼ鷳
Ͷ֣ԼҲֻһܸɳӵ飡
ʱűϵĸɣŶһӦѹˡ
ӡĲ˼æתΧɣߡ
Ĳ˼еʵɣ磬㻹ðɣ
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죬Ҫ˵˵ûʲôǳһС鷳ɣҪûʲôµĻȥҳ·ƣ춼Ҫ˰ɡ
ɣվ˦˦ԴڻеΣϱһȭϾġ
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˼ɣûʲô󰭣漴˳ǰһ·ȥ
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ժ·ߣʹһʣӦòǺԶ˰ɡ
кĲ˼ӵһͷͨ
ͨĵҲвٲдȴ࣬ĻأһǱЩƽ˵ģҲòСˡ
ͨʮ༶µʯף̨׵ĵײһʮƽռ䣬ǿտʲôҲûУ棬һ뿪ڵʯš
ʯţӵ˶̲סԾġһʯź棬餡ԵľĹˡ
˳ԾǣȻĹңԵľӦģΪʲôȴһַ֮ġҡ
һ˵ȻĹңĶٲҪչһգϿֱѹιĺۼ
Ĺ󲿷ֵֻʯͷ
˺һҲ벻Ȼ
һ΢ԥһ£ЦеŸɣҪȥʯͷ
ٺ٣ᣬкõĶȻǷڹģȻˣ˲ãǿɲԼҲá
Ĳ˼˵ҲȥֹˣҲҪ뿴Щǲֻ˹ĺöĹĶǲмһˡ
ʯͷ餣ȻǱ˶ĸӣŲһ룬ֻǵһʯͷӣ滹һľ餡
Ϊ˿һЩӸɣ˺ʯ׸ƿŵϣȻľ餸ӡ
ֻǸɣó˹ֻһˣľ餸ӱֶľҲ˴򿪹ġ
Ӹɣˣɵļ̌ľ餸ӣٴηŵһߡ
ֻľ餸ӣ϶ʱ¶һ˿
ľ餸棬ȻһЩҳɿóϣԭǺ𣬻ƷǸš
ȴ餸濴һЩİĺɫϢЩϢ֮У˿˿ɫЩ˿˿ƵɫȻҸľʡᡢ۱Ϣһ𣬵ԲֻǺᡢۡ
Ҳ˵棬Ķ
Ķʲô
û룬óߣҪĲ˼硢ӡɣ´ϡ
餸ǣмӵǿӷﵽɱεĶ
ȥҲȫڹǣӣҪ˵ֻǽӸɣһ餴ж˿飬ݵġ
һ˵жӸϽｫ˹ȥ֮ȴ˵ȻжܺңöҪմƤϣ磬һ˫
һγʱ͹һ벻ʲô³ԣصһЩ׼
ףȻ׼ŵģңǻõס
һó˫ףɣʱڨڨЦǰ˵һ˲ǵϵģߺߣǵϵˣ׼ôܵ
ǸɣԼ׼ףҲɴף˵ܲӴ֮£ɣЩרҵӣԵúǺЩ
Ҳɣô׷ַӡĲ˼硢ɣˣԼҲһ˫
Ĳ˼ҲܾҪʲôĲ˼ҲֹܾһҪ
Ĳ˼Լǰζû뵽ġ


397 ϣ2
ףֽǸϣŷԸӸɣˣ˵һȥ
ӲϣҪһ׷ơ
⵱Ȼһ̰еĶΪֹҲֳֻܷķݣķݵУԼһߵ˾ܷķ֮ô̰ģҲѾˡ
һ׷ƣֻҪֶѡ
Ź˿ڶڹף˿һ϶ڶʱðһ
˵ˣǶ
ҿȼ֮һôҴ˷ߺס
ˣɸϽһƿӣΨӱմȾԼҲùʹһڹ׸漴ԼҲ˵һߡ
ڵİɢˣӵؿ˹ȥ
ֻǣڵĹʱһˣȻ
ŵһλŮӣҲͶʮңϸϣüë续СıӣͬӣһС죬ʮָͬд벻ǣŮϻһĨȻҺ졣
һλ˯Ůӣλ˯Ůӣϴһ˿˿İԹ
Ҳһ˿˿İԹҲûɵһϧʹӰĲ˼硢ӡɣ
̲ס޵̵ģôƯһˡô͡ô͡ô͡ɣ˲۾ƯƯƯ
Ĳ˼ҲסҪĳ嶯ס˵ѾѾˣǡ
Ĳ˼磬˺һŻתԼ˷ɵһ߹׸ӱָ˻ȥ
һȴ˵ϣһһѱĴ
ֱ׸ȫϣֹ˺һӲֹס˵硭û԰ɣֻ˯˹ȥǲǣ
֪شӣλǲѾˣܵ˵˴ģһ־޴𺳣һ̶öԲ
ýӽˣܷĵ޷ڵУֻǡĹһͷ˾ãǶһ£
ΪϣѾʧȥ̫õĶ˰ɣԲŻ˾ʧȥôһλŮӣʵʹģ̡
˰Σŵ˵߰ɡ
ɣĨĨѾǵᣬʵߣߣ
һܣĹңĹˣ˽һͨûֻĳ·Ҫҵ
Ҳ૵˵磬
ŭӣƨʲôģ
Ůų󲻳ų󲻳һ㣬޷ϣһŮӣȻ԰εҪûɵеջ
λŮӣ᣿ǶŮ衣
ҵȷӣʲôʸλȥŮӵ徻ô룬ҲջҪ
ʲôģЩãʵ
ɣҲЩĿʲôģ
Ƭ̣˵ǡҵֵǮĶģǣڡ
һһָ̬ŭֵǮĶǻǮǶĶԿ
һѾЩ
Ĳ˼һԼеӣˣǲΪĶģϽģǻҪҳ·
Ӻ˺ߣһ˫۾Ÿɣ
ɣһƬãǻеҡԴ
̾һĲ˼磬ѭ·˻ңߵúСģŪһ
Ĳ˼߳ĹңĵŸɣŭȵ
ɣɺãǻеĻͷ˿ʯףȻߵԼ̧餸Ǳϣ餸ǣ餸ǷŻص棬źãߵʯǰ棬ʯؾһȻĸĲ˼
һֱۣŸɣһһƺɣҪ΢аľٶӵһͲӦ
ɣ߳Ĺңһһĸ˳
óһҪȥҳ·ҪֹƻĹĶ
ƣǱĹŮӰ̫¡
һ·ĬĬصǰ˹ŵĹңǰĲ˼һȻȡ±¡
Ӹ׺ݵĺ߰ǻʲô
Ҹ̼ӣĴǰͨвٵЫӣǺ棬ĹѾ̮ˣ߲ȥ
ɣճմĿʯţһԲҲȡ±
΢һ£ɢٸѼһЩѷűϣȻóһͰϣ棬漴óٸȼһɲǼ䣬Ĺȼһǽ
Ĳ˼֪ҪʲôҪȥæģȴһסĲ˼磬Լһ˴̤Ȧһ֣
űȻͨＱٵһЩЫӣЩЫӣûȦȫ˻ȥ
һĿŻ⣬Ҳ
ʱĲ˼綢ͻȻ˵㿴
ЩЫӱһֱһѬʱҵͨһױ˲ķ϶Ǵ϶аߡ
ǵ϶棬һʲôŹ֣Ĳ˼綢ǵ϶˵
Գһ£һЩٸҪһѣȼյĶˣȴûѵĹӡ
ֻѲĲ˼磬Ŀתһΰ˵ȹǣĲ˼˳ֱ
ҲЩڹͷϣȻϣһѾˡ
ʵѣΪǿֵأôһ֧ѣҪΪ˵ЫӵĹ
һжð׵һ˻ѣһǸӣߵͨ϶ϡ
ĽӲ϶Ȼʹһ¡
һһƽʯ飬㱻˳漴ӿһɳ
ɳӿûһ룬Ҳûˣں棬ȴһƬڳĿռ䡣
ʱ򣬻ϵĻ棬һƫ˳Ŷ˽ȥǱʲô˹ȥһ㡣
Ǻһгڣ
һϲ漴ժͷϵķߣغһ££ɳĮһңĿҪʪöࡣ
ͷкһĲ˼磬˵߰ɡ
벻һȻһ˴˵ˣᷳĺȵ
˴ǰԸִ̼ӣҲӼƽϣڣӵӣûҪȥ˼
ջˣһҪλĹﰡ
ⲻӰ죬ֱǹϣ
λȷʹϧ˲̴ţҲû˳ٵҪҪĵزɡ


398 ʧ
΢һ֪ǰЩôˣϾӣͿóһ˵ȷɱ
ԭȴֻһ˶ʯǸŮӣ׿ǸŮӵ˵ʯ棬ж
ӡĲ˼硢ɣԼԼŷߣʯŮӣҲѣǰǰˣǰʩҲûеģԶܵӰ죬ᷢ跢ɱˣҲͺˡ
ƾòһüˣڲ֪ɱˣ
ֶΣëȻĸо
ð亹תͷȥĲ˼磬Ĳ˼Ҳ뵽һ㣬ԣǾͲš
ôһŮӣȻɱ˵ף
޿κεĵ˵ͷʵˣţǶ塣
ڣĲ˼ۿҲһ飬̾Ϣһժպãתͷ˵ӣѾû˶ժְɡ
ӺݺݵĵһۣһѽֳһˤָȵҲʲôģǶ
ǰӴ֣Ĳ˼˻ֻӵ׶׺ݣӳߣ¶ӣĲ˼˸ǳһ
ӵӣŤ쳣һ˫Ѫ۾¶ݣƺҪĲ˼Ƶġ
һ˫߬ȭͷֱϵð˳
ʱ˶ȭͷôֵһˣȻϵ¶˳
á˵㻹Ƿһң̾ߡ
ӻ˻ȭͷȵǷʲôǷʲôǷʲô
ߵӸǰº͵˵Ƿ
˵ţһ֣һƿӵĲϡ
ӵزʵжӰ켫Ҫúõ˵ѾǲܵˣΨһģֻȽŪιȥ뿪취ӡ
ֻһƣǿӵĲϣȴ̫ϾӱʲôӣʼնӣԼֵܣҲһӽŪɰ׳ա
ԣֵʱϣһɵûʹóƫƫһ֪Ϊ̫ˣж̫ˣһƣȻҲû𵽡
һƣûܽŪιȥŭӡ
Ҳ࣬ŭһֱӾһȭ
æһܿӵȭͷ
ϴз֮ı£һҪһȭԼϣôӵָǣпܵĪ˺
ǰѵҲԸܵ˺ģΪԼֵܣԣӻ֣ҲֻܸϽܿ
һɲǼ䣬ӾȻޱȵĳȭҲ˿Ĳ
ӲͣػӶȭͷҲֻܲͣĺˡá
һ֣Ĳ˼˼£ӵزҲǲԼһȥģֱӵİ취Ȼֻ뽫Ūιȥ
Ĳ˼˽⣬ҪŪӣӦ֮ģ룬һȻ򷴿仨ˮסıá
Ĳ˼簵ĳһ漴±׷󣬶׼ӵĺصһ
Ĳ˼ӣй򣬳ֵ׼ͷȻܹġ
ֻĲ˼һȭ׼ӺϵѨ˵ҪǳˣܵôصĴӦ̾ͻȥġ
ƫƫһױػһ£ȻعͷĲ˼磬ʮ˵㡭㰵ҡ
˵ţﾹȻһɰĭȻȴһתĲ˼硣
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⶯ֱ͸Ѫʬһģһ
Ĳ˼硰ĴһҪȥƫƫ֪ôһ˫ץĲ˼磬Ĳ˼羹ȻҲá
ۿһڰݣҪҧĲ˼ĲϣĲ˼оǺıϢѾԼĲӣϵİĭεĲ˼ϡ
Ĳ˼һƬʱĿ
ֻǵһ̣ӵ;Ҳ޷ӽĲ˼Ĳˡ
һֳӵĺ󱳣һְӵĶͷǧһ֮ʣӲĽӵԴ˹
ץĲ˼磬﷢ҰһĺУŭԼ
ˣץĲ˼磬Ĳ˼һܶȴһְסӵĶͷһֶסӵҲһܶҲ׵Ķһ۶һֻ֣վȣпܵһҧĲ˼ĲϣԣҲҶ
һɲǼ䣬ӡĲ˼˱ͬһ㣬һ
˺һӵСһЩĲ˼ϲֻҪټһӵȫ꣬һж˵ˡ
˭Ҳ뵽ƫƫʱ򣬸ɣվ͵͵ĽӽҲһ֪˹ͷһֱӾԴ
Ĳ˼ǿģΣȴ޿ɱܣĲ˼缱ôһСġ
죬ȴֲҷӣԼȥܣĻʹܿɣһ֮ϻعͷĲ˼磬ҲѾΪʱ
ˡһ㾡ȫӸĲ˼Ӳǰһ
ǣɣ˹ͷҲıϡ
˹ͷ飬ҲǱʯ˱һ̲סͷһ۵һһѪ
һѪӡĲ˼һͷһ
Ѫζ̼Ӻ͸ɣˣͷһҰһĺŽǣȻ֮һֹ
Ĳ˼ۼ⣬ָɣ֣һΰͷӣС۵ĵط̴Ƥ䣬¶˳Ȼɣȴ˿оʹ࣬һ˫צӣͬһ㣬ʱ죬ǹһŰĭ˸Ѫɫ⣬ٴͽ
ɣĶϱۣӦǰ˹ͷ͵ϮķҲѿóǹĶǸŮӵӰ֮󣬾Ȼ˰ѱʧ˲˼Ŀֲ
ذӵԴһڣٴδһˡ
ȻӸĲ˼磬Ӳǰһ
һȴûܱܿɣɣһ˫ֱֱ֣ػߡ
ֻеһڣۡһٴһѪ
£һĳײȷãڸɣ˶ʧ˱֮ŷʮʹб»壬ҲסҪЩˡ
ֻˣɣȴ̱˵ϡ
µķԲСɣʧ֮󣬱ŷֲķ͸Լôһ
ɣλһξֱӽСϣͷ˼⡢䣬ڶΣɣƴȫ˫ֱֱøɣָײƹǣƹײǣײ۹ǣ۹ײǣײùǣùײعǡعǴࡣ
øɣһԣֱӾ̱˵ϡ


399 סǵԼ
ɣڵϣĲ˼ʱ΢һ漴һѪ飬ܵѪζ̼ӣȴ̾ƿصĿܡ
ʱĲ˼ȷһЩֱܹӽƷǶԵ֮ʱܹõŵġ֡һó̾ͻС
Щ֡Ĳ˼ǲԸϣɱҧĲ˼Ҳãã
Ҳһʧ˱ԵӣӲӸɣػҲֻסӣ˺ӡ
ֻһݵѪζĴ̼ԽԽȴԽԽҪһ£һ˫ף̱ȥ
ƬƬʱһӿֲ顣
һɵڵϢӯӯ̱ڵϵĸɣϲסĲơ
ɫϢ֮УӰӰ´һӰΪԵһŮӣңż֮¶һЩòʯ׵λŮӡ
֪ⶫӦýӦýꡱ֪֮ڣԼĲ˼硢ӡԼɣĸ˶鷳
ңǰǻˣʹ˶Ҳô򵥣
ֻǿܷ֣֣ûӣҲ벻κηȥֹǹɵɫϢ
̾ϢһһΣΪӵһ̰ģմҶ䵽һ֮С
Ҳ֪òȥӣԣֻ̾Ϣһ
һУĲ˼ȴǰҲûֱѾ̱ڵϵĸɣվųģѪ죬ǶһĨͬǰյһ̹⣬Ĳ˼ŷ֣µʵڲˡ
쿴֮䣬Ĳ˼С
Ĳ˼һҲβ״Ĺ쾭ÿһΣûһ졣
ɣ̱ڵϵʱĲ˼֪ɣѾˣ߹ǴĲ˼ʱ򣬼üΣҲ̡
ɣĲ˼һģһԣĲ˼粢ɸɣ
ǣĲ˼Ҳ벻ǣѾȥ˵ˣһ̣Ȼֻ˹˹
˹ĸɣǰʱһ˫۾һڰݣţһľżʮִͶ׾һһ
ÿһԭǾĲ˼磬ƺȫë׶ըһΡ
ô졭һ˲֮䣬ʮ߰˸ӣûһǿ׵ġ
Ҫôſӣֱ˺Ĳ˼磬ҪôֱӼֱҪôһ
Ҫôûһ׵ģ̾ġ
ңʱӵѾﵽܹסļޣӵڲϵͣ
˼硭ƴҧЦһ£˵ŵϣ˵Ĵסˣ±ӣֻҪšҪǸˡ
ҪʲôĲ˼оһ뵽һӣӣ϶ҪȫԼԼѾټƽˡ
ȻϢһڣ˵ʲô֮£Ҷ˺㣬¡
Цһ£̾Ϣһ˵ֻһȥ
ΪĲ˼磬ҪɱӣȻɱ
ҪĲ˼һ
ֻǽû꣬͵ظоӵһɣĲ˼ʱѿӵǯơ
ӵԴ˹ȥ
ڲ֮£ջɱӣӵԴֶ
Ĳ˼ҽһ˹ȥ
漴һֻΪһס첲Ȼ󣬼Ƽһ㣬ֱӾͷɵǸڡ
Ĳ˼磬ֱһȻ˵˾䣺Ұȥ
漴ǿʯͷ㱻ס˶ڡ
Ĳ˼ڶڱϵɳϣסʹޣǿʯͷ쵰ΪʲôҪҡ
һߵЦ˼磬סǵԼ±ӡ
Ĳ˼ƿǿסڵʯͷεǣʯͷӲģĲ˼ûйߣûҪƿʯͷҲܡ
Ĳ˼ԭأؿҲ֪˶ãͻȻ俴ǰһĨ⣬Ĳ˼УҪɣȥԣĲ˼վһĨȥ
˵ϣĲ˼һϴգĿ˺һȥѰӪĵط
룬ʱĲ˼һĲ㣬ôҽӸأôûˡ
ɣ꣡
ɣ˯ú㣬Ӫ﷢ʲôҲ֪
ֻɣӪ˲ٵˣϸĵɣϸ鿴һգװʳʲôģȴһҲ
ԣɣ뵽һʲô³ȥһӦòԶҪΧȥû뵽һӪأͿĲ˼硣
ɣ꿴Ĳ˼һۣһ๸̲סЩɻʵĲ㣬ǡǡȥʲôȥ˵ģôôˣҽأӸأ
Ĳ˼۵Ŀһɣ꣬סˮ˵򣬻Ӹ磬Ϊм£ԡԡǰˡ
˵Ĳ˼Ťͷȥᣬ̲סǹ
ɣɻĿĲ˼磺Ĳ㣬ҽǳ˰ɣţҽǸˣҪʲôĵطͷһǸģţҽ
Ĳ˼ģɣ꿴ֻиˣ飬ɣûȥôࡣ
ǿǶصĴӢ۴ܣȻǴӢ۴ܣȻҪæȻǶ𣬵ײβһġ
ãĲ˼Żعͷɣ֣ȻӪء
ӪǼžûĲ˼Ҳǿŵġ
Ĳ˼һǽŲմص˵ǰ档
Ĳ˼͸Լסһ棬ӿţѵ
Ĳ˼һ߽ţ˼˼һ
۴еңȴûκζ
Ĳ˼̫Լķ䣬ùĶֶţһ㣬Ĳ˼֪ģҲ˵ңӦúĲ˼û棬һ㣬;Բˡ
ӪأΧȻЩСɳ𣬵Ŀ£һ֮ڶܿġ
ǣĲ˼ǰͿһ飬ӪΧĵطûˣ
Ĳ˼˴ת˵ΰǰ
ΰǷΰȪסһģʵʵġ
ΰΰĲ˼վΰǰ棬
ûӦ
Ĳ˼ٽûӦֱǰȥÿΰ
տҲӰҲ
ΰĲ˼Ҳȥˣ
ЩأκܺԼûиܽĹЩأ
Ĳ˼һе񣬵еǿŵģӪĲ˼ɣˣҲûˣ


400 в
һʱ֮䣬ɣ꼸ŵʵĲ㡭ǡô£
Ĳ˼Ĺˣûңڶʯ֮ܽ˾ѾˣģΪֹҲǸɣӡ˳
ҪǣʱĹˣͲǺܶ࣬Ĳ˼ΰˣӦǺ֪飬Ҳ͸ͲĹôǵȥĶˣ
Ĳ˼绹ҪУԽɣͻصͭǣڡ
գʳʲôУȴû򵼣ƾĲ˼ɣˣҪƬɳĮ֮߳ȥǻᣬֱã
˵ߣû׼һɳһƬɳһݣ̾ͻὫɵ
Ĳ˼ĿſյӪأֹס
ɣЩŻţʵĲ㣬Ĳ㣬ǡǵô°
Ĳ˼һᣬͻȻתͷɣ˵꣬ڵҲˣʵӸǣǡɳ㡭
ʲôɣɫһӲҰ漴ˡһ˵ϡ
ǵɳˣôܣôܣ
˺һɣһ˫۾ŭĲ˼磺ܣ㡭ƭҡҽôɳһǡһǡ˺
Ĳ˼絭ҡҡͷֲһᣬȻЦһ꣬Ĳ㣬ǣҪѰһĹԡԡ
ɳĮǱһ͸ɣ˵ҪлᣬһҪɳĮ
Щɣöˣȴûȥһ·ϣ߹ĵطһģһĻɳɳ𣬳˻ɳɳ𣬳ɳǻɳйĹɣţĵطҵЩĹɣ;Բˡ
˼ҿŶܷһĹٶǺü£ԼһˣʲһƬĻɳ֮мֶã
ҪǽըһЩߵ¶ֲȥˣжʱзĹ
ֻɣô˵ȫδû취ѵĹͿֿɣУҪһĹǶҪѾ޴ĲģοǷ򣬾ƾһʮˣƾһֻܹάʳˮ
Ĳ˼Цһ£ɣ⺢ӣʵ̫ˣʵϣкܶ飬ɣĺӣ޷ܹĳġ
Ĳ˼Ҳö˵Ϊɣ޷飬Ĳ˼˵ɻɣɺܴӰ졣
ڰһתͻȻﻹһû򿪹ģĲ˼ù򿪿˿ӦǰһõģĶȫ
ܹ֧һϵĸʳˮаѿǷ⣬ӡֵ硢ءߣһӦȫ
Ĳ˼벻ǣⱳﾹȻ巢׹ܣݶ黯ըҩ
Ĳ˼翴⼸Ƭ̣תͷԻڵϵɣ˵꣬һ£
ɣ˺һվϵɳҲһ£۾͵͵ĽһĲ㡭
Ĳ˼һŻóĶһ˵ֻ꣬·ߣһǾȺԮڶǴһЩװֱӿʼߣãһ·ʺ
ɣ꿴Ĳ˼磬֪Ĳ˼ЩʲôƬ̣ŴĲ㣬ȴԮ⣬һҽ򣿡
Ĳ˼һᣬҪ̲סɣǸĺӣ֪·Ǿ··⺢ȴҪҵ
Ĳ˼ҪҧװõıᣬãȻɣ۾ʵ꣬㵨Ӵ𣿡
ɣ˵ͷйǸľּ϶ĳݺɣûʲô־壬ûп־壬ȻҲͲСߣͽ֪η
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ͷȻʵ꣬²
¡ɣȻ֪Ĳ˼Ҫʲôһʱ䣬ǼһүǶѬգɣȻޱȵ
꣬᲻һжҵģĲ˼綢ɣ꣬һٴʵ
ǵÿ˵еûУɣǡүǶүǶдүǶԭ򡢹أ
еģģǾԲж˵ΥүǶĹءԭĶɣȻԸȥ
֮һ仰ɣ겻ƽ޹ʵһܣʲôëƤ鶼Ҫ˼ݡ
Ĳ˼米űת˰һһ˵ûκҪ㵱ɿܵ˼һ¡
Ĳ˼ͣ½Ųתͷ˿ӪأȻŽ˵꣬ӪؾʣˣˡˣӦûǣӪĶܵҪ˿أЩգҲܵҪϣҪȻ˻֮Ҫ߳ƬɳĮǾ͡
˼ҪӪأɣ꿴Ĳ˼磬ʵ
Ĳ˼ͷüʮͷգҲǴһϣܴܲӦң
ɣҡҡͷЩն˩һģòϣ⣬ӪҲûʲôصĶ͸òˡˣأҪȥʲô
Ĳ˼Ĭ˺һ˵ȥˣһ·ϼΣգȼ࣬úõţΨһܹȥĻᣬΣҲǺܴġ
ɣҡҡͷҪһȥҽӸ磬ҵõǣȻȫܻ߳ȥҪҲǣЩͬ·һ
Ĳ˼סᣬ˰Σż˵꣬ʵ˵ɣǣĹˣǷһЩ⣬򣬻ӸǶû취ϣܴӦңӪϺһУҰǽӳǾһȥ
˵Ĳ˼ֿʼ
ʱκܺȴ֪˳ЦеߵĲ˼ߣЦʵСֵĹˣô
κܺĲ˼ѹǣһֻһСˡ
Ĳ˼粻ԼκֺܺǺǸЦСֵıԶ߸߷˰ɡ
ĹıĲ˼һҲûĻءֲٸ˼飬Ĳ˼絹˲١
˭Ҳ룬κܺǺǵĸЦһ֮󣬾ȻĲ˼˵ĲС㣬ڣ·һνȥǺǣСֵܣ˴ķ⣬ܵҪһȺȰɣǺǡҲΪĲС㣬ɣСӣ
ҡĲ˼üŭȵ
ǺǡҵȻˡκܺЦЦ˵ɳĮÿ궼һЩߣңȫġ
κܺЩǶˣңõǺֱӵвֶΡ
Ĳ˼˵Կжɣһͷ㵽ĺǣҲһ׷ɱ㡭


401 һ·
κܺٴЦЦ˵ĲС㣬ҽÿǿҵĽ飬ҪȻȥ֮СɹʲôĹû׼̾ͻڷ䣬Ǻǡŵʱ򡭡
κܺסͷ˵ȥ˼Ĳ˼ȴ׵úܡȥ֮κܺ㹻ɺȾһĹߡ
ֻĲ˼˵㲻вǣҲҪȥһˣֻôһ˵ߺߡ
ѵ㲻֪ӪѾһ˶ûˣ˶٣Ĳ˼˵Ҳʵ㣬Ĺȥ˵ģ٣ңңڣĹҵǺˣӪΪֹʣһˣ˱ŪȥˣǲҲȫˡ
κܺһ㵣ĲС㣬㡭⻰ɲ˵˵ʵϲôһҩһֱûѹ˵ȥˣô֪
ʱɣ֪ǰĲ˼һֱƭԼƭԼ˵ӵǰˣɣ֪ԼһֱΪֻŻеĶڳˣңĹ
Ĳ˼ҪɣѾµģֻ£Ĳ˼ˣټĲ˼籾Ͳ˵ѣ֮£˵£Ȼ©ٳˡ
ɣȷֻһСӣǾһСӣοĲ˼˵ǰԲֱӶ˵װˣɣôײ
һ׹ɣ˵ֱŤͷӪȥ
ꡭĲ˼ɣ겻ܲˣŤͷߣȻ֪ɣҪȥʲôǣɣҪȥҲܾôȥ
ɣվסŲŤͷﺬ⣬˳ӣ˵ңǸǸҽʲôطȥ
ꡭ˵Ĳ˼翴ˮѾ˳ɣ꣬һòסԼ飬Ĳ˼˵꣬ţǸطңҡҴȥ
κܺΪҪһģû뵽ԼǰһȣûвĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ԼҪȥ
һвǰװ׵ı¶Լ
Ƭ̣κܺһ˿Цݣڨڨ˵ԭСֵΪ˾ˣ嵨ǿɾɾȻվϸģҲӲߣһȥСֵܡ
κܺж޳ܣĲ˼̹ģֻĲ˼ôһκܺȥǲȥĿĶԲȥκܺŵģĹЩûӰӵĽƱ
κܺĿΣĲ˼ҲҪȥΪɣ꣡
ɣ⺢ӣƽִֶƢȴЩ֣һ־Ҳͷţû٣Ĳ˼û취
ԣĲ˼ɣȥҲã٣ԼҲܹ˵źȥ
ɣ꿴һĲ˼磬΢΢˵ͷҧ촽ϣҧѪƴסҪˮ
ʵǸӪز̫ԶǰĲ˼û߶Զɣ꣬ԣһ͵ڣκܺڨڨģĲ˼ɣ󣬽˵
˱סǿʯͷǰ˻˺ôŽǿŵʯͷŪ
űŪĶڣĲ˼͵͵һᡣ
κܺȴǲһе˽ȥɣȻЩ£ҧκܺ󣬶Ĳ˼磬һ͵͵Ĩᣬһ
ֻ˵Ĺ棬Ĳ˼ȴûָɣӡԼ˵ʬ塣
Ĳ˼޾˸֮УһЩɻԼĵطһҲ
˵˵ģҪΪپӦ˵źĸɣڵʱֻҵ£Ĳ˼練ȷɣǲѾˡ
ɻ֮Уκܺ͵ĴĹңߵĹҡ
ĹңĲ˼Ǵĳһ
ĹңǰԼʱȫһˣĹѾĿȫǣԭ̻Ի͵һЩصĲ飬ʯ׸ӶƳ˼顣
ʯľ餸ӣҲһһ񣬵ϻкЩϡõ֯˿֮Ķ
һɨľ
֮УĲ˼鲽ߵʯǰ棬̽ͷȥ
ֻʯλþ˵ŮӲˣŮӲˣңʯ׵ײȻһĵĴ󶴡
ʯ׵£һ·
Ĺûӵˣʯ׵ȴһ󶴣ѵǡ
Ĳ˼΢һԥ̾Ҫµȥκܺȴȷ˽ȥκܺǼȻ棬ӦûвٵĺöȵһõĺöȻһݡ
ʯ棬ǼʯͷݣȻⲢǱ˴ĵ
Ҳ˵Ĺңȫֻһڣ
Ĳ˼һɣŶκܺıӰǰߡ
ʯ׵ĵײһߵߵļߵҪ࣬Ҫࡣ
˲棬һûߵӵĸо
ǰ˲ԶһսǣĲ˼ͻȻһϸϸģ͵͵׺һŮӵĿ
ŮӵĿһʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼磬ɣκܺ˵ͷƤЩը
ֻĲ˼ϸһ̲סӿ˽Ųֱ˳ͨȥ
ߣԽίԵøԹ
ֻһΣĲ˼Ȼһ˼˼𡭡
ͨﴫȥԶ˺һŴһϲ㡭㡭ء
û뵽Ĳ˼ȻҲµĹĲ˼һ˸Уһա
ת˺üսǣĲ˼ŷ֣ǰһ⣬֮УĲ˼ббĿһ
Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼Ҫվһ£ȴûվǽˡ
Ĳ˼ʹǰʵ˼ô
Ĳ˼粻ʻãһʣĲ˼ʱһ߿һ˵㡭Һ°һˡҵĽˣΰһ˺üͷǼΰΰ
𷽼ΰĲ˼ղѣõطΰȻĲ˼һˣǡ
˺ˡˣĲС㲻ú¡κܺһԮԱ
Ĳ˼ӣĲ˼ʵˣ֪ΰǼһﲻʲôöƫں˰ɡ˵ˣ
Ĳ˼һ߽ҽ˳һ߿˵㣬ּΰˣԼˤ˽ţۼΰԼҪģ㣬ģ㲻ּܹΰ
Ĳ˼ĽϣײλһƬ࣬ӣӦһ£Ҳ㲻ʲôˣĲ˼Сģˣһ˺üСʱûױȥҲ漣ˡ
ˣĲ˼ʹȴвʵ
Լãһֿ˺ҲûУܵһСС˺ҪֵøƵġ
ǵһΣĲ˼СǦʣСİָͷһӣôһССĿӣĲ˼ȻȥסһڵҽԺ


402 Ź
Ĳ˼翴˿Ĳ˼Ľţ̲סǲ˵ˣңӦ˰㴦ģôͻ
Ĳ˼һᣬ˵³ҵģǣҶһ£ҵĽŲӰ߲ˡ
Ĳ˼̾һҪһЩ飬ɣһȴ̲סֱʵĲС㣬ҽأҽ򣬻Ӹ磬㿴ûУʲôط
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ˵ûǣȻҲĲ˼׷ʣԸ˵ľ
ԭĲ˼ΰעߵһһӻĲ˼ĵسӪأĲ˼͸ΰȪ³ĸ͵͵ĸں棬ңһֱ˶ʯǰ档
ʯܽ˲ֻʵ˳ȥҲΪʯ֮ܽĸ˿ǵҪ¿ص㣬´ʲϻЩѣϾɳĮߣʲôǶֻǰģԣܽ˾ʹһξôֻȥ˵ġ
룬ܽ˸ոճصȴΰ˽סˣʱܽﵢȥȪȴֱӸǸһܣŰ̾ڶʯԱ¿һ룬ողŴûԶͻȻȴһ
ûзǸĹ˼ȴģңǼĹҶ̮
ֻû뵽ʱĹ棬ȻĲ˼ǡ
Ĳ˼̾һҲ֪˵ʲôá
Ĳ˼Ĩһᣬֽ˵ǳ֮û뵽ڶʯԱ߳һʯţΰ˱ʯš
Ĳ˼֪ǵʯ棬ǻأѰ¶ˣܽүҲ˲Сˣڻ֮䣬Ĳ˼ҲѽˣһĲ˼ǿʹڷΰ棬ͣߡ
ֱȪҲˣͣϢʱ³ŷĲ˼ĽŸˣʱ³Ĳ˼һˣٺ³Ҳ˻ذ㣬˲֪Զĵط
ߵĲ˼Ҳ߲ˣҪΰģǷΰȴԺİοĲ˼䣬ȻˣԭĲ˼³ҲΪĲ˼һλأֱӶСԣҲûĲ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼һ£ǿһ˯һٿһҪĲ˼硢ɣκܺüʱĲ˼ľͻ
˵Ĳ˼εĿһ
Ĳ˼̾Ϣһ˵ˣˣھȥ
κܺԵĲκһһҵƱĻᣬҪвĲ˼ǰ·ģԴӽʯ֮κܺĲ˼ҲûҲ˵Ĳ˼Ҳ֪·ôߡ
Ĳ˼ȻǴһģǿС޿ӣκ֪ܺ˵鷳Сܶࡣ
Ĳ˼ҪȽĲ˼ͻȥ£κܺ˼Ƭ̣Ĳ˼Ҫ鱸õأȻ󷽷ķŹĲ˼硢ɣꡢĲ˼һԼһǰȥЩƱ
ɣȻκܺһǰȥѰҽɣ궼ϸκܺһԣĲ˼ҪĲ˼ȥɣȻҲһȥæ
Ĳ˼罫Ĳ˼Ȼѭԭ·Ĳ˼͵Ӫ΢һ£׼ٴȥѰ
벻Ĳ˼Ĳ˼뿪ںڰ֮Уһ˹ĴôãӪĲ˼Ӻ
˵˵˵ɣ궼ͷˣĲ˼Ȱ˵֮£Ĳ˼ŴӦĲ˼ߣǱɣԼҪȻһˣڹ컯֮£Ҳпܻ
Ĳ˼Ϊ˺һŰĿתɣꡣ
꣬ܲܰңĲ˼ɣ꣬˵
ɣҡҡͷһ·ϣӡôĲ˼ԵɣҲܵ˲СӰ죬˵Ĳ˼֡ɣҲǴƲ𣬲ͬʹҶһģһ·˺ü죬ɣĲ˼ҲûʲôøС
ҪɣչĲ˼˵ԼȥѰҽĴ£չĲ˼Ҳһ£ɣȻԸӦ
ɣ겻ϣĲ˼΢΢Ƭ̣˵꣬һˣʲôѣԥȥ꣬㲻԰ɡ
Ըˣ¶ɣȻģҪ˵Լɣңڵ飬Ĳ˼æ󶼻ǰ
ԣɣУĴӢ۴ܣڣĲ˼̧ɣæɣ굹Ĳþܾ
ҪȻǾǶ
֮£ɣֻôӦԼʱӪչչĲ˼
׵Ĳ˼ɣˣĲ˼»صĹ
ֻһ·Ĳ˼أԼӵĹʼͲϵȥɣԼĲ˼֪ģ¡³һ·ȥ׻Ҫ˰
˳ǰ߹·Ĳ˼ٴλصĲ˼ĵط΢һ£ȴһߵǽϣԼЩǺš
ƣκܺ߹ʱģȻκܺܺĵΪĲ˼ָ·ļǺţô޷ǸԼһ·
ϾĹӣѲ⣬ΪԼһ·ǺţܲҵƱǶһܹȫ˵ĺ·
˳ЩǺţĲ˼ܿľ͵һΣյĵط
ǰ棬ǿĺڰ£ֵ綼ղ͸жԨһĶǵǵ棬ֱ۰ϸ⼣߲ͺͺģʵ֮УƻƵĻεţһֱ쵽ĺڰ֮С
ֱͨġκš
˲Ĵĵһɺ⣬һĺ⡣
һ㼦ƤĲ˼磬ϸؿһΧһڹͺͺ棬ǰļǺš
κܺѾȥˣң˼Ǻš
Ĳ˼һ±óһӣϵԼϣһ˴˸ӣϵΪֵ棬ɱȻСֻǲû߳Զ͸ĻζľսĽĦ
Ĳ˼綼ѣ治֪κܺԼǰôȥġ
ò׵жΣҡεøǧƵģһӻصȥüԶĲ˼վȣ֮£Ĳ˼ֻץŷֵһ˫ؽŽµ˾棬ƾİڵ
ڵΪˣĲ˼ʱ򶼸оԼһʹ࣬͸˵ϣסĻεͷۻ
ʱʹɵıմĲ˼Ҳ׵ķſֺͽţôܼСһЩڵĳ̶ȣһſ֣߽ţڵƵʺͳ̶ȣѸٵıֱĲ˼һ˹һ档
ʱĲ˼ҪͨţǾǧˡ
ˣĲ˼ҧƴͷۻӱεʹ࣬ȵİڵ΢СһǰһΣڵʵڲˣĲ˼ͣһ˫֣һ˫ؽ
Ҳ֪ͣͣ˶ãİڶȽԽԽСĲ˼ÿһߵľҲԽԽ
ʱĲ˼֪ԼѾҪŹһš


403 ط
ֻǵʱĲ˼Ѿƣÿǰһ磬Ҫþȫ
ƫƫʱһζ֮ǰԡһţһ̶ĽĦ
Щ⼣߲Ǿ˶ʴڣֲסİڵײѾ޷סԣڣʼ˶ѡ
Ĳ˼綼ܸоõµٿȻ֮´˺óһΣĲ˼簵̾һ֮£Ҫ˵Լû취ٿһܹٿһЩܾܵסҵĻε
ȻۿϾҪ棬˵Ҳʮ׵ľ롣
Σ֮䣬Ĳ˼Ͻץסȫڷֵ棬ͽѹ
һֵҲǡԡһȻʲôطѿ
Ĳ˼羪һ亹漴ٶȣϵı⿪룬΢һҲѸٵĶѿ
ֻһĦ֮ǺॡһĲ˼ǰ治Զĵطѿ
ϵһķ죬һ㣬漴Ӱ
Ĳ˼ڽµϣһ˲䣬Ҫһȥֻԭ־ƣһʱ֮ùȥ
ΪĲ˼һζĦȴӼ̶ҲŲһʱƬ̡
˴ʱĲ˼Ҳֻоر۾
ǧһ֮ʣԼԼһӰһգ֮ʹĲ˼ͷƮ˹ȥ漴һ֮ţһֻ˹һץסĲ˼磬һᣬ漴һӣס
ʱĲ˼оԼƼһţײһϣײáһ㵹
Ĳ˼磬Ҳ˹ȥ
˺һĲ˼ѹ̧ͷһѾվࡣ
ô㡭ԼĲ˼磬̲סʵĲ˼类˵Ľסˣû뵽Ĳ˼ɻǽˡ
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼ıһᣬ̲ס˵ǡûû
Ӵϴ󡭡磬ܲվ˵浹ڵϣߺ˵
ϽĲ˼һʵ˼磬ôˣ
û£Ĳ˼Ҳһʵ
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ʵڵʱǲֱӽŪ촦ĵزԣϵ˼֣ңڰӵԴʱһ£ӻһʧȥ֪
ʲôⲱӣǶŪġӵһˣԼѹ֮󣬲ʹҪ˵ֻ˯
ʱӾͺЩ֣Լúõģô˯أ
һĲ˼㣬һ߽еӣ治ҵ¡
޺޵˵磬ȥˣԹԹг𱨳𣡡
Ĳ˼һԣû£ֿ˻Ц˵ӣҪ˵Ļģ㻹ԹԹҪǡ
Ĳ˼米̽ͷ˵ϴ󣬻˰ɣǷġ
Ӷߺߵ˵һֱе֣ԴӿһǾʯ֮ҶԺˣмһʱ䣬׷ʲô飿磬㻹
ҲûʲôܿӵĿ⣬ڨڨĴûʲôǺԺ˹ȥɣȴ
ɣڼΪ쳣һ㣬֪ģոһӰǸɣ
Ҳ֪ô£һֱ׷ŸɣţҲ˵Եɡ
˿ʣĸҡͷ̾һڣҪ׷ɣҲ׷ˣңҲѾƣۡ
£ɴ±ȻóһЩˮʳָĲ˼硢Ȼһ߳ԣһ˵ǰ顣
ǰĲ˼֮תȥɣ
ʱɣѾȫˣúǿֲħһ㣬˵ϣſѪͣҪҧӡ
ʹ޲ѣӵزɣһȫʬҲֱӳӣһ־ȥɣ͡
ΪʹޣԣõҲرĴһ֮£Ȼɣֱһɣվʱָɣ°ͶˣѪͰĹͷԼľ硢Ƥ⣬ڸɣĲϣģֲ֮
ֻǸɣûһоҪǰֻʱĸɣֱƽ࣬һ˫ףһ£һĹӣһʱҲκθɣá
ɣϷŹҲʹ˷Źɣ˵Ǳġɣ
˺һҲ֪˶ٴΣ˶ٽţ˹
ѹ֮󣬼ɣѣ±Ҫǰæֻ˺һȴûһֵģӽ˳ȵӣֵ֣Ūøɣæңģһߴһߺˣܿ˽ǼĹңʯס
Ӹ˸ϵʯ׸ǰʱֻٲһ̣ҲΪǸӣ֪ʯʲôطܵɣȴûǸŮӵ壬ܵ
ʱҲû룬ֱӾ͸׷һ·׷ϹһˣۿΣ±ȣʵû뵽ȵˣȻĲ˼硣
˵ô࣬Ĳ˼̾һ漴ԼĲ˼֪Ҳ˵һ£ڣ³£ѾɥңȪҲѾˣΰܽ䲻κ֮ܺҲʧȥϵ
ڸô찡
û뵽ֵز
ô죬Ƭ̣ͷʣƬ̣˵ôǻȳȥ˵
δ䣬˶ﴫॡʣһʹȥţһϡﻩΪ޷סϡ
ӣɣǵ·ָԨĶ棬³ĺһ
ҲĿ࣬ôҲû뵽ɣȻһС
˺ðΣĲ˼ɬɬǡڡôߡ
һҡҡͷһֱ׷ŸɣҲǴģٵǰתһȦٻصˣһ·ϣûĳ·Ҳȥע⡣
ֱӴȥѾǲˣһԨһĺ蹵ûмΪĹߣκҲûӹȥġ
ڣҪȥֻܴǰȥҿܲҵĳ·
Ĳ˼ϢһֳһЩҲָ˲٣£Լı󣬳Ѱҳ·
һ·ϸһͨҺ
ֻǰ׷ϸɣҲϾȥϸһһ߿ܶ໭浹Ĳ˼硢˺Щ𾪡


404 ǰ
һ·ǰߣǽϵĻ棬ÿϼһͼңԡģȻ˼ġ顱
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һıڻûɵðһ亹Щڻ˵ֱĳĺ塣
ֻǣĺ壬ȴŪףӸĲ˼˾͸˵ˣֻǾ־ͼطҲЩ֣ӦĳϵģʲôϵͬҲû˵
һֺܹ졢ĸоü˵պЩѹ֡
һͨӱ̲סʵ磬˵ǼĹǾʯ棬һŮӣ֮⣬浽׻Щʲô
ͷҲأʱ㡢ҡϴ󣬹ƶֻע⵽ǸŮӣʲô˭ȥעˣ
Ƶ˵԰ô;ãǺкܶ鶼ңû˵
Ĳ˼תͷ˵ӣƭ㣬Ҳûƭ㣬λŮӵһ̣ҵעҲȫŮӵϣʯʲôƷʲôģҶûע⡣
ҡҡͷԣҼǵãҸ׷ŸɣʯױϵʱȻҲǴһܣǴʯģһҲûУһЩñԵĲѧ
û˵ɣأͿѧⲻѧǲѧ㵹ÿѧҽͽͰ
ץץԴҪáѧ͸ɣǹֲоӻǽͲˡ
ֻӡٺ١ĸЦ˵Թнʬһ˵ƣɣʬ˽ʬһǼʨһַɽ
ŶЦЦʵĸһ붼йֶҶлþôͻأ
Ĳ˼絹ЦЦӣô˵ԽʬһЩ˽ˣ˵˵ЩʲôĽʬ
һ˵¶˷ҵľ飬ʬһΪ࣬ڽ׽ëʬģǷɽҲǸɣǼһǸ͵ġ
һ˵ڽʱͼģҲڿ׵ʱܹʬѸٵĳһëֽʬܺöԸֻҪŴ׾ˣëʬһŴȥ˹ͣ̾ܽʴǧٶ
Ҫ˰ëʬǾˣҪԸëʬֻú¿ӣ׼ᣬëʬҲ̵أٺ١ҪϺëʬ߷ɽǿɾͲˣëʬ߷ɽǻѾڽʹһ෶룬ʬǶҪԸһʬûаٶʮĵУǼֱֱӸͳԵġ
ӻҪ˵ȥȴ̲סЦʵոգ˵жϣɣѾ˷ɽ
㿴ɣӣɣһв͵ֻʲôأ٩٩˵
ǣҿ˵ҪԸʬûаٶʮĵУǾǸͳԵģ𣿡
ӺǺһЦûɣǸͨˣʱͳԵģʲô
ţӣһʲôʱָѧ˵ҵлͣ˵ҲаٶʮˣǺǵЦ
˰ڨڨ˵ٺ٣׷Ÿɣ׷ʹǶǶܸɣôҲף߶
ЦЦ֮˵лĿ佱ҲûѧʲôûаٶʮĵУǺǣΪʲô˵칦ܣзݵصܣ
칦ܣûеģһȴһ죬ҪǮҪкõò˵ƲƲ죬м˵
죬еմ߶˵ҪǮҪԲϣôҪǮһ̰ɡ
˵칦ܣ£˭Ҳ˵壬ҲԲκ˵滰ԣҲû֪ã汾졣
û뵽һ˵꣬жһ䣺ټһƯŮӣŶŲɫһ
ҡɫǡû뵽ԼӵУȻǲҲ̫һ
ҪȻôʯûж㶼û˵
ôһ˵ΪҲû˷أ룬ɫ˵㿴ˣϴˣҶû˵ʲôأ
ٴڶǵãʱȻ˷ߣϡŵһ˿˿ͬһֻǹԼᵽ֮󣬲ʱԼԺˣӦòһйߵĶߵĶԣӦñζĶĶˣԣԲӦҲ˶
ǺǡЦЦַô㲻˵ʬȴָоҩˣߺߡҪ˵һҪ˵˵ϵĶأǹƶǹƶǰµĶ𣬲ϵĹƶأܹһЩͨĶ㲻ҪˣĲرʱҲüɹ
ҲǶҪðʵòһѹ
ⶫͺ˵ˣҲһĪſңһҪãƷζڵʱԼǲǺá
ֻӸһ٩Ĳ˼ȴһЩζӣȥҹıأ
ѩ˵ȷȥıҹͷƣ¶Ĳ˼һֱΪͷƣ֪ӵˣ֪Ǹשߣˮ﷭ģԣһֱûʹ
ڣôһ˵Ĳ˼絹ģӦûвٵԼ
Ӹ˶һ漴һˣǼ飬ڣĲ˼׷ɲһС¡
ΪǼ¼˵ǣĲرͼթƭȻ˵Լرͼǲֻֻıضֵûɣȴʼղ֪飡
Ȼ˲֪飬ȴõ˸߰ı꣬ô˵еƭ˼
ԣ̾ס졣
ס죬Ĳ˼ʱ˼֣û˵ҿʲôǣĹ
ڨڨЦЦ˵ϴ󡭡ⲻҲǡٺ١һ
ҡߣƭģĲ˼˵
ӻҪ䣬û뵽ʱǰһ⣬Ͻе쿴ǰж
ǰһ⣬ֵ⣬һΣеõģǿֵ磬ǰǿֵ磬ǾͿ϶ˡ
ֵλúܵͣȦƽģȻֵ֧磬Ӧǵڵϵġ


405 𵹶Ĺ
˼˹ȥŷֵֻ֣磬ȷǵڵϵģһ䲻СĹңмһ߱򿪵ʯףʯ棬żֻԪһʾƺͼѾЩơҵ飬һ֪Ǵӱϵϵġ
һЩ۾Щ̣߷߲ƽĽе硭⡭׷ŸɣȥĶѹһˣǡôôù
ԴӽĹ׿岻˵ΣգѾ˵ĸɣƫƫһֱ׷ŸɣɼܣҲ˵ΪȥΣգֻǣЩôʱȴһ߶ûմϣ
⼸ֻԪֵ΢һ֮⣬ƺ͡գǺܺã˼ֵ⣬Ȼ飬ʮԲ˵ҲССָͷҪСһȦҪ˵ĻҲֵ̫Ǯ
ֻһȻޣЩʱֻֽԪ
һסӣ˿Ĳ˼磬ڨڨЦϴЩǡ
ĽƱѾһɨգôȻֵʲôǮ֮ϧ
ǰĲ˼ְһЩһİӣ֪Ĳ˼ԭļǿԣò̽̽Ĳ˼ĿõʱֱĲ˼羾Լ²š
ôһ˵Ҳ漴ءһʹѵĽһֻԪ˻ȥһֻԪڨڨĽһϴ󡭡
Ĳ˼ֲ֪뷨ȻԼԭԼǿһֱҪȥЩ飬ֻÿÿ鵽˹ؼʱĲ˼ֲܲ׿ԼԭǹȥЩԭԼΪ顣
ԣĲ˼粻ò̾һ˵һ顭
˵ţĲ˼米ȥ૵˵Ҳ֪Щòҡ
һ漴һЦᣬĲ˼ǷˮˣȻûֱ˵ðɣõľá⻰˼ԵĲټʲôˡ
ңڸʲôʱĲ˼綼û
ٶȽԪƺ飬һԶİ
һʰһߺٺٵЦϴ㲻Ҫҿôǣھ͡죬ö㼸šһѡ
յΪʲôͣ˵ӣҲӦƬɣ
װļٺٵĸЦ磬ܹƤжͷţϵһţëذ
㡭ЩᣬһɫͿȾˡ
Ĳ˼ȴֵ֧磬ϵ˵࣬˵òã죬ô𣿡
˵ϴ˵ʲô£
Ĳ˼翴ֵ磬˵ҹţĲЩˣܿѾ˳·ҳ·Զֵ綼ҪˣǻǸϽȥҳ·ɣ
ӺٺЦ·ϴ󣬲Ҫ̫ˣֵ磬öһᣬȻǱ۾ŶܳȥǺǡ
ôһ˵ЩˣһʲôûסֻסԼ˵ıӺǼ¡
Ĳ˼˵ͷֵݵǰ棬ҲҪҵȷĳ·ôףܹƾ׵ϵζҵһ߲ƱˣҲǲ
ӣҪӲô˵һֱҳ·Ҳߵôһ˵ԵҪԼӴ˲һ˸ǰһʲô˼ҲͲˡ
ﰵӣϸĴһĹҵĹң˸ոսͨʣձںһ΢΢¶һ϶ʯšƣһ˲ӦþǴǸطߵġ
˺һȷʵЩȲʵ磬ôôߣ
ߡһ˵һǵʯš
ʯŵȷûϣһƾͿʯź棬һͨ
СĳͨǸĹһĿռ䣬ռǰǼ䶼˲١
һһۿģڹײģĹйײģǳƷΰڷŵľףĺܺãֻľϣǺףûʲô˵Ĺ˵ı־֮ģ˵ʲô֮࣬ҲԵô
ӼǿϲôãڼҪĶҲܹײʲôؼûд򿪹ĺۼȻϲѣڴһƵĻᣡ
Ĳ˼ֵȻر˷ܣǹϲ⣬زס
һڹľҲֱӾȥ׷ƣȻ磬ϴʲôûУ
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ȼþգĲ˼ȻϣȴҲԸҶ˵Ҵˡ
ע֮£һ棬ȼš
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ҪץԴǸƲӣǻع
ΣӲŵ˵磬ĸϰ壬ⲻȼĴƷǣǵòһȷָʾ磬򲻿ȼˣôƴ򣡡
̲סЩЦҪʲô𽲾ˣⲻ˿ӷƨһô
νƣʵһַƣڶѾҪֵ֣ƵȻˣõóģֻһյʯơ
ʱŵһ㶹ӰСĻһ£Ϩˣȥ򣬴򿪵ϵĿأ룬֪ǲûа˵ŵʯƣ֮󣬼ҲֻһŻơ䷶ΧߵĹңһ̣ŹҲϨˡ


406 Ůʬ
ڨڨȻһ죬Ц˵ӣĹˣǲԸǷСˣôİӣҪǻǲҪˣ·ɡ
ӰѵʯŪ˺һֵ˺üΣȴûѷȼһҧ˵ϴ󣬰ǿֵң̵ģȼʯҪģҾû취ˣǿֵ統ظó˰ɣ㲻ǹô㴵㴵б°ǿֵӴ𰡣
Ĳ˼絭˵˰ɣֵ磬Ҳ˺þˣơҲ˵ţǰֵ罻ӡ
һ·Ĳ˼һֱ֧ǿֵֵѾԵ㣬ͻƲ
Ĳ˼ֵ磬ĵطһţȻҲֵĻģҧгݵ˵µ񣬼ȻӲϸӣҲͲ˵ˣף
͵ȵЩͷˣЦ˵αô鷳翪ҪʡµöˣһţҪѧĽЩأҪðµӣ˷ʱ䡣
ӺٺٵĸЦֱߵײǰ棬׼ȥƶײĸӣȴҡͷԵ˵𵹶Ĺأһʱ򣬵Щ׼磬㻹ûзߣøһã
֮ǰӡɣĲ˼ĸ˴ǸŮӵʯףΪ׼֣ʹ˲ұ䣬ǰ²֮ʦӻǲҺҶ֡
ֻҪ׼޷ҲҪһߣһ˫ףʲôװ׼Ҳûˡ
Ӵߣ˵磬ףҸϴϼһһĳӣҲͲæˡ
˵ţӺ˼ڳһٴУֻƴļơ
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ֻȻЩƣһҪԼֱӿףȴҲЩġ
£ߵײıϣһ˫ֵڹ׸ϣһơ
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һλ˯Ůӣλ˯Ůӣϴһ˿˿İԹ
Ǽʯ濴ǸŮӡ
ҲЩˣԣŮӾǰǸŮӣΪ߹ײģ沢ûб򿪹ĺۼҲ˵Ůֻòѣ˵һ˫̥ڱɣ߱˰ᵽĿܡ
ֻǣȻһģһĺÿȴһǰǸŮӣǼĹң˵ǼȺҪ˵̫򵥣ĹңҲ㲻һĹҡ
ο滹߹ײģ
ģһЩ⣬ȴǰϸؿһ¹λŮӵĴȷʵǰλŮӡ
Ȼͬͬһ㣬λŮӵĹҬҲֻһЩͨĽܿüĵطʲôƷҲûУ֮£λŮӣʧɫ١
ڶμŮӣҲƽ࣬һȻ֮ĵԡ
ӣûʲôΣգȥô׵֣סһǣһơ
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ײ棬ǸŮӾȻǳӵģӳ˰봲ĽϰҲ¶˳
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ײŵĿһŮӰˣȻ飬ǶһѾȥ˲֪Ůӣ
ӣɵĺ£Ӻ
һ˲֮䣬Ĳ˼ı飬֪Լһ϶ᴥŭĲ˼ģԣϽӡ
˺һӲڨڨ˵磬ϴҡû뵽ġ
Ͽ˼Ǹٴδһ
ǸӿһӰһѾ˵ŮӣʲôǸʲô񣬶ⲻΪԼô
ߴٵ
һһ㶵ģǸҪ񰡣ǵǸѲҪԼ¿ͷ
Ĳ˼˵ˣҲǰٱȥˣϽģ˼Ҷȥ
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һ֮ЩԺˣǽ棬ƺԼԼһЩǣԼʧǣİעŵŮŮϣһȴûЩʲôֵܲǮ
Ҫǰȥɣְ˹ײĸӣֱӸˡ
һﲻԸģϽǰûȫǺùײĸǵĵ˵磬Ǳ棬Щû壬ٿô
㻹Ҫӣŭ
˵磬û˵ЩֵǮأϴҲڹǣôŹˣ
Ҳ֪ûпֻҡҡͷ˵ȻҲûʲôҲôʲôֵǮġ
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ӸǺã֪ҪڹײĸӣǺˣȴ̾͸Ͻȥҳ·ﻹڹײأû׼һЩ벻ջ
ӣˣûʲôֵǮĶٴ˵
ֻһȴܲˣˣһڹײҲǿڹײͬҲֻǿڳ·ô߼ӣ߼ӣҲûʲô¡
ϰæֻԼ֣ѡֱϵĹײģֱӾȥƶײĸǡ
룬ײĸӺǳأǰԼֻһƣܴ򿪵ġ
˼£Ʋֻվ˹ײͷϣץס׸ǵֻǶ͵һᡣ


407 λŮ
֨һ׸ǻʹ̵Ҳͽ׸̧߶ȡ
̾һǰӴһ֣ɵĽ׸ǽҿȻŵһߡ
û뵽һһѺˮ֮̽ͷ߹ײһȻַһֽС
ײһŮӣңǰŮһģһ
ĶȴǸм߹ײŮ޶£ǽȴûƷ
ӹֽУĲ˼ҲϸŮӵĿʱҲ
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Ĭ⣬ҲӸĲ˼˵ֱһ֣׸Ǵ򿪡
һ䣬ӡĲ˼ˣǿֵ磬ֱӽյ˺¶
֮䣬ٴһִڹײ棬Ӧͬһ˵Ĵ
ȥ浽ûʲôֵǮˣתֱȥұߵһ߹ײġ
ұߵĹײ棬ǸŮӻúõģ
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ӻΪǻþʹԼĴһѣȻһ죬û뵽ԼԼҲôʹ
Ҳѵʶİ̥ԲǻþʹòһģһʹǱ鶼һģһԶǻþ
ҧĬãתѸǺõм߹ײٴδ򿪣ҪŮϣϣ߱ϣҳһЩ죬һġ
ֻЩʧŮӣò޶£飬䣬ʲô
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ҪǽӶĳͬһòŮӣӵֻҪһε飡
Ӿ̾һҲ֪ôģת̧мǿײĸӣɽײĸǺãߣҲĬĬؽײĸǸǺãȻתͷĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼鲻֪Ǿ֣̾ƾְҵУһǣǣĲ˼Ҳ˵ô£Լڻʲôʲô
ڹײĵĸӣ˵һ߰ɡ
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Щ
ĬĬƬ̣ںͻȻֹֽһ
һֽУڳ˼Ĳ˼һΪӳʲô顣
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һ㣬ֵֻĵط֮һ
ҪǣĸһģһŮӣôƯӴԲСһǸŮӣĹҺޱȣǹ餣ʯͷס滹ľ餣ƷȻû˿ҲһǷ࣬ովĹļŮӣȴԵľҪªࡣ
ΪʲôôĲ
Ĳ˼ҲͬĿЩǺֵûɵĿ֮˵һμǸŮӣĹĹԼڻϱֳģŮӦһλٹ˼ĺӻ߷ˡ
λŮӣԾһĸͬһĹĹ񡢴ͽ˲ֹһ룬мʲôĹ£
ΪɵǣӣλŮӣӦһ£
˵һǳҪ⣬ǸŮӣпͬʱĹġ
ǣ֮£ǸŮӳȫһģһѾ漣ˣȻпͬʱͬʱᣬ漣֮е漣
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ҪǵǣΪʲôÿһǿףڲ֪֮䣬ûֵǮĶ¶˹ȥҶĴιףÿһ֪浽ûֵǮĶⲻ֮е֣쵱еĹô
ÿοףӶûܿ浽ûֵǮĶΪ¶ӻ֮е֣쵱еĹ족Ĳ˼
ãŴһ˵ӣ˭۾ǲרÿĵطأ˰ɡ
˵ôͲˣô˵һǿˣٺ١磬浽Щʲôжļֵ
ҡҡͷһĲֵ
ӱǿҵĻɣ磬֪۽ߣһĶķۣǣֵʲôǮĶôһ֪ֵϼʮģҲ㲻Ҫ˵ģҲԸҰװ׵˷ѵˣǶϧ
˵꣬ɴժ·ߣ˲
Ĳ˼һӣʱѪء
һҲ֪аÿδ򿪹ײģһҲ֪ŵʲôңԼȥעҲˣƫƫҪ㵽ͷϣϻб޳ܵô
û뵽ôһ˵һʾǿҵķŭ磬Ī˵ʲô˼Ѳɣ㻹ҵһ˫۾Ůӵġߺߣ磬Ҫûô֪ĸ˳һһġ
˶٣ּ˵ҿǼŮӣǿóãߵڿأɱ˵Ļѧ˵
ãߣǼŮӣȷڿ⻰˵ǰˣѧ࣬ɾЩΪ˼ˡ
ôҲͽֻǱšһϣ֪ġڿٺٵЦЦ˵


408 ͬ۹
¥Ρľʫ䣬ȻİҡỨҲԹһ˸еȥŮӣҲ˵ùȥ
ֻһ˷۾˵Ĵ´µģ⻰ЩŮЩŮӶ֪¥Ρʲôʱе£
Ĳ˼˵ЩŮӵʱ򣬾ȻľвһãûɵıһᣬҲʪ
˺һĲ˼˵ӣ˵ˣҿЩײûʲôֵǮĶ
һ仰û˵꣬ͨ洫һҽУţһӵ
ǰˡһ׿ӸĲ˼ֱ˹ȥ
һ󼱱û뵽ҽԴͷȻͨ괦һȻ֮С
⴦ߺǿ˵ҲٸƽûôװΣһ۾ܿóȻγɵġ
棬ڷʮ߰˾߹ײģǰŮӵĹײĶǲģȻúҲԵô
Щײм䣬ӰӰ´µкüӰڲסܡܣȺŹ
һվڳڴ΢΢ϸһ£ȻڱܶܣȺŹˣܽΰˣ׷ǴģȻ׷˵ĸɣ
һܽˣӵ۾Щˣһ˵ǰԼѾʧ˱Եĸɣ׷ʹû뵽ܽȴû˸Լͼ˼ֵǮö
һ뵽ӾͱﲻסһԹҪ̳־ˣһסߺߣ˵볢˵
ܽۼ⣬һۿӡĲ˼ˣʱеʬ
ӺٺٵЦһʬôôˣڲƽ
ǣͬ£ɣˣǱҲһߴоһǱͻأ
ΰڻҼ䣬һǱܡ
˵ţѾ˺۵ķȪֱӾ˹
һΰԼܣһЦʹ˸ɫ
ףڣĲ˼˵һĲ˼һ˶īڵͨüСʱԼȴǰѰҲƱһ㣬ӾҪúõġСӡ
ˣҲĶӵ˸ɫһЦ
ܽȻ֪ܲѾĸɣҲ˵Ҳֵܵסһ
ֵܵһԼҲð
ǼûӡĲ˼ߡ
˲ûкˣܵ뿪ͨڣһ·ҲûУڵҲûпյм䡣
һգۼ䣬ΰܽ˱㵽ߣ£ԼȪˣڸɣѪɣһһС
ΰߣһվеܣ졭쿪ǹ
ͷôװ׵ĿǹӰһ䣬ȴЦ棬˵ѽ٣ô䵽زˡⱳʲôΪʲôӵ
ȴ˵ͷ˵磬㿪ҵֶΡ
ܽ˵ߣȴǺԥȥѰҰȫĵطһ󱻸ɣ׷ᣬһ֧ܸԼ˰ɡ
˭֪ǸոոϵĲ˼磬Ǹԥֱĸɣ˹ȥ
ң˾Ȼɣɣȴηˣ֮ʱɣҪȥץĲ˼磬һ̽Ĳ˼ԶԶ뿪ɣҵĲ˼ǰ
ɣҪץĲ˼ģǱһɣ֣̾Ĳ˼磬תͷܽ˹ȥ
ӡĲ˼ܵԶԶˣӲŻعһҿܹˡ
վסӣҲعͷҲǴһֻعͷӶһۣ΢΢һЦһôô졭
ܽ˶ϼ޻֮һӡĲ˼˵ļƣʱüͷ
Ѿ˵ĸɣԵЩɵӣû⣬ҲԵؿóǡġ⵱Уضԭ
ܽת÷ɿ죬һ˲֮䣬׹ֻҪɣȴѾ˵ǰܽмһ£漴һ£øɣֱֶ԰֡
һжûмס㱻ɣֱץһѪۣҴðˡ
ֻǰһˣȴײ˷ΰϣΰײ˸ƨɶն
־£صķΰҲû
ΰҪû뵽ɣȴ˵ص䵽˷ΰıϣ˷ΰļ߹ǣ÷ΰӲһѪ
ʱȴһܿ˸ɣɣַΰԼסҲȥҪӵİֱȥץΰԴ
ԸɣڵаΰԴҪǱɣץס̾ͻᱻɣӲĳ
ǧһ֮ʣһһӰһߣֱֱĻɣ˫ۣɣʶæһԾԶ
ɫĻһûһֻֽΰ˵磬ô
ǹУǧһ֮ʣ־˷ΰһ
ΰȳһѪ˵лܡ
šһſΰҪȥ׷ɣֻǲ֪ǹģûһ֣ΰ㡰žડһˤ˸࣬ˤõ
Ҳ˲ЩͷҲصȥ׷ɣȥˡ
Ǻӣһ𷽼ΰȵүվˡ
ΰǸмġšһ룬һ֣ΰֵ˸泯죬׿ڵϣһ죬ƣƬ̣ΰĺϾͻһİ
֮󣬻һ硭δϣҲƵǱߡ
ΰˤò˹ȥ漴Ĳ˼Ĳ˼̾һԷΰ˵ΰϽҸȫĵطɡ
û˵꣬ɣ˹ΰ໵ĽһĲ˼ǰƣŤͷܣ룬ȴһͷײһʯͷ档
Һ÷ΰӦݣֻǰһڣֹסΣҪȻǱײԴɡ
ˣΰǸʯͷ˸ܵĽӴ硱һͷ϶ʱһ
ʱһǰһ׷Ÿɣ򣬶ɣȴұܣ׷ܽ˲š
ֻǣɣ׷ܽˣûΣܽ˵ʱ˰ģһܽصʱԼʱޱȵİǻΣ
˼⣬ܽҲסˣɣһƷڵ֮ҲֱϿɣܽܽʧУСֵܡҡҸ㡭㡭һ򡭡
ʱҲ뼫Σ֮УһƴмܣһߴеСҡҸ㡭򡭡
׷ߣܽ£˵үӣ˵ɶǮǮģҪͬ۹á
գգ۾Ȼ˵ԣҪͬ۹ãӣչ˺үӣȥ
˵ţַһѾΣİ
׿ԼܽôУСֵܣҸ򣬲һǧ򡭡


409 Ҫ
ǰŸɣ᲻صĳøɣ˳ȥ
Ҫɱģ̾ٴ˹ȥɣҲܻᱻ̾͸ɵ
ֻɣڵأȴ̳ʤ׷պùӣ
ֻһ飬ɣֵĲ˼ǰ
Ĳ˼ĹȻֱƷѾ˵ĸɣԱȴֻ࣬Ĳ˼ȻԱȴϾȥչ˷ΰ
һɣ׷Ĳ˼֮⣬ʱʱĻȥչһ·ΰ˺ɣȻֱӷ˻ݵĲ˼磬ͷרŶԸΰ
߸ոսܽúãۿĲ˼±ܽ˵үӣү˵ʲôǮҪүӵǮǱҪ˵ţܽɣ
ҪӲҪܽǮΪܽǮԴӵġ
һ㣬ϼ޻ܽв׵ĵ
ֵܣҸǧ򡭡ܽû룬ֱӳӵıӰС
Ӷ˸ɣߣܽôһУʲôҲˣֻһүܰ
һ߽ţӷܵܽߣܽһȫĵطһʵүӣ˵ģ棿
ܽקţһ߸ܣһߴŴҡܼҵֻ֤ҪáҴﰲȫġȥǧ򡭡һֶġ
˵ãүӣģҾԱ֤İȫ
Ǳߣܽİȫõ˱ַ֤ſԼȥ׷ɣɣ׷òſΰתԼҲǼôУСֵܣҡҸûǧ򡭡ЩֵǮĶȫ㡭ҡ
ɣٶȿһգۼ䣬ֵ˰ǰ
⵹ǸɣҪҰ鷳Ѿܽ΢ȫһĵطɣһʱ֮׷ոպõ˸ɣȥ·ɣҰȥ˭
Цһ£תɣ
Ҵ˵УΨһһϺȣҲǮˣֻзΰ⵹ǷΰԼġ硱ҪԼĲ˼Դ
෴ΰܽûҪףµֻҪڣʵҾͲ̫Σգ٣˶֮ݡ
Ѹɣ׷öӣȴֲһӴɣԵľҪաѡѣǧ򣬷ΰȻǲóҲò
˵ҲΪΰо˷ŭ֮⣬ȻֻŰ˳ϵĽԣΰϿʩԮ֡
Ӱ߸߸ɣһѾŵԼļϣȻ׼Ӹܽڣ˹ȥ
Ӹǰ°˵չ˺ǡ
һ߸ܽˮһ֣صĵ˵ͷִе磬ϴ󻹺Σգȥ
Ĳ˼֣ܹԱһ㣬֪ģôһ˵˼ﻹв׵ĵ
߿˹ɣֱӳŷΰȥǷΰһȴһֱϿڳۣһ֮£ֻÿڡѡΰҪٲѪֵһôֻȥȡĲ˼ˡ
ŸĲ˼һĸɣôһ˵ΰɫһɷ
ֻ΢΢һתΰ㲻ڶأֱĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ֻԱֻҪڣ;ԲøɣӽĲ˼磬ԣΰֻҪĲ˼ߵһ𣬸ɣҲȻͲ˺Լ
ΰôȷʧΪһȴ־ԲҪĺð취ֻǷΰһ¡
ҪĲ˼硢Ҫûϱΰ¡һںͨԿĲ˼취;ܹЧ
ϧǣĲ˼Ĳ˼ӳȥģ飬Ĳ˼ҲǺޱĸˡ
ҪǳߣĲ˼ҲͲᰵҪʰһһˡ
ΰһ취ȻҲֻΪֻҪǮȻĵҲĲ˼ûĲ˼ڣΰԵİһѺˡ
˼ҪʰĿ꣬
ȻһۿΰҲԼ˹Ҳ̲µ˷ΰ˼һû뵽ΰ֮£һж
Ҳһתһҧΰ˵Ĳ˼ߵһ̣ץĲ˼磬һӲĽɣһȴõ˵ϣɣҲվȣͨһڵϣøɣӴԺжȿ첻ҲԻмΪĹ漴һŽɣߵֱԷΰȻģĲ˼ˡ
ŸɣſڵϣԼҡſֲԴԼΰһԼڵϴ˸ƿɣȻȥ׷Ĳ˼硣
Ĳ˼ϼûжٸأǹҪ÷ΰԵͷô÷ΰ׷ϡ
Ĳ˼磬ۿΰҪ׷ˣӲקĲ˼ı䷽ǹֱӵͷſڵֻһֻţĸɣ
뷽ΰɣ֮󣬷ΰЩ֧Ųסˡ
ʵΰе֧ŲסˣĲ˼磬ҲЩ
ϾѾ˵ĸɣϷǿɲġ
ʱѾܽõһ԰ȫСҶܽ˶ҶȴŰһӶסڡ
ۿĲ˼ЩƣˣӴһȰĲ˼͹ЪϢһ
ҲûطĲ˼磬Լû취ſֽŶԸɣ˵ǱиСܹסˣקĲ˼磬ֱ˹ȥ
ܽǲСȷ󣬿һ׶࣬ܽ˶棬ѾԵúӵĲ˼һҲݲκһˡ
Ĳ˼С漴һתһڹײģֱӵڶǰ棬ֻ¶һ߿ķ϶Ĳ˼˺
ɣ׷Ųŵķΰһƣ̾ࡪԼҪٲҲԼˡ
ֻǷΰ׵ǣΪʲôҪộѵҲĲ˼ĸˣ
Ȼΰû뵽ǣ˼Ĳ˼ĸܣҪʰΰģĿŵ桱ΰҪѷΰҡС
ΰ֮Ƿΰ֮䣬һֱľ
һеһУ֮ǶҪοֻǿ˵һ仰ҪҪ֣ҲֻǳȥԺ顣
Ϊΰһˣԣΰͷž
ܡΰһ߶ܸɣĹһߴеܣⱳкЩֵǮĶܳȥĻָһ롭
ºöڣתͷűɣƵתķΰ˶һЦ漴Ĵ١٣˵ʲôû
ΰܿɣһˣеұЩҷָһ롭


410 ֲĲ²
ΰĶӦþǰǿǾʯĲƱΰǹĹҵı˵Ҳкüʮָܷһ룬Ҳʮ
ĽԪʮ˵Ҳֵ𼸰˳ˮ͸һܵõ⵱Ȼһܻ顣
һϾҪӦϾΰۣҲ㲻жʵҪֽ𣬾ǰѷΰҲôǮ
οΰһԲܽԳɽˣ˵˵򣬼ǧ򣬴Σһ̾ͻʸڷϣֻߣˣֶΣĲ˼棬Լʧ
ԣⱳһĶָԼ˵ʵࡣ
ֻŷΰı˺һŵ˵٣㱳Щ㻹Լðɣòϡ
ôһ˵΢΢һ漴˵磬˵̰һֻҪһ룬ӣѹեɸɾ㵹ǲˡ
΢΢Цӣ˵㣬ǱЩʲôֵǮ֪
ЦЦǰʯЩЩɶǺöǮȻӦֵöǮ
֣ŲסܣǱķΰЦЦ˵̫߿˷ΰǾʯĶһõģǣûﵽ
ץץԴϸϸĥһ˼Ȼ˵˵ǾʯĶӦǡӦκܺȥ˵ġ
ЦЦÿɷ۾ɶŷΰ
ʱ򣬸ɣֱӴһȣжʱֻһڵ׷ΰȻжѸݣȴĴۿۣƾŷΰĻ飬ҲǿܣʱʱıɣץһѣһȭǲһţһƤ֮ˣȻҲˡ
ֻǰ˿ʯףĲﵽ˭ߵģûһκܺԲܽΰһˣǵıװŵģͨʳˮĹõĹߣ
ЩȻóģҲΪˣԲֹӴӦַΰһĶ
һҲǰճΰһֱ϶װ棬һǼֵƵĺö
ⲻ֪ΰ֮һֱ᲻˱Ϊΰıȷ඼ǺöܹĶ˵ΪҩɳĮֵͨװֵʱ䳤һװ
ЩǷΰģΰȻ᲻ֻǷΰĶܾǲȱ
οҪ˵ΰıﲻǴʯߵĲǣҲͬںΪڣҪģҪúõءΰһѣ
׷ΰﲢһʯЩԭǵһӱį
Ȼ֪ҪΰһѣֱӰѷΰǿ϶ǲܣ¡
ֲΰΰĶֵʲôǮǻжͷ
ԣӶԼΰһӾûȤ
ۿΰҲɣڵòˣٲ֣Ҳ˵ȥԣҲǵ˸óֵʱ
Ӽģ֪Ҫ£üѰҲƱơ
˻˵غ
漴˹ӳڼϣĥĥǰҪȥ淽ΰΧ
ΰʱ򣬵ȷѾΣĹͷɣڵһţȻֱӽΰ˵ڵأ漴һְֻסΰһֻȥΰĺ
ֻǡʱĹ
һӣǺɨɣһ˫ֱ֣ӳڸɣϣһӣһЩֱӽɣļǴۡ
һ˵ļҪǱۣҪǲȥҲָ̱ܶͷܶһ£ɣֻǲдһȳ鴤һ£һ˫ȴ˺ΰ
һϽӣٴɣѾû°͵Դȥ
Ǹɣܵв̷ſΰԱߴ˸뿪ΰ
Ƿΰ豭ϸһӣʰסֱԼԴϳŵáۡĴһһ˫ֱӱԴ
ⲻ֪Ǹ豭ϸĹҲһһ㣬շģ֮ڹӼӴΰԴһ̣ӱ˸ˡ
΢΢һЦҲǷΰֱӿΰٴν򹷷ڵϵĸɣ˹ȥ
ʱɣƺû취ڵһţӱǰܳһԶյıܿĹӡ
ʱȻҲٲ飬ֱӴ̤ǰһӹӣٴ׷ɣ
ɣʱֻƾֻ֣סڵֻûԶǰ·㱻һ߹ײĵסɣڵվܹҲֻֻ֣ǰ汻ײĵסԸɣ˵ǾһܸߵΧǽ
ǰһΧǽҪȥȻû취ȥˣ÷ȥ
ԣɣ˫ȥץײĸӣҪŹײĸֱӷȥ
ȴգ۶ӻһɫ磬ֱӳŸɣԴ֮϶
Ȼû뵽ǣһɲ֮䣬ɣڷҪϹײת򣬵£ɣŤתϰֱ˳Źײģ˳ȥ
ȴһ˹ײ档
ײķ¡һ죬߹ײıڰ壬Ӳıأһʱ֮䣬ľмĴɢ
ֻǻٻһ߹ײģҲ̫⣬ֻһգ֮䣬ʣµİ߹ײһʬ˹ײʬȻ̲סһһ֮£Űӵĸɣգ֮ʧ
ɣˣҲȥ׷ǴĿŹײһʬ
ʬΪֹǺÿеѾļ󣬶ҿȻʮҲ˵ߵļǣӦû൱ԡ
Ȼס׷ɣǱвǣģģ֮䣬ߵݺЩϤ
ߵݺϤ˭סĵһԭ򣬴ϸʬ֮ʱסˡ
ߣҲһŮӣʮ߰ӣϸϣüë续СıӣͬӣһС죬ʮָͬд벻ǣŮϻһĨȻҺ졣
һλ˯Ůӣλ˯Ůӣϴһ˿˿İԹ
Ψһǰġİֻ̥ǣŮϵңõϣҲǼΪֲͨ£ΪԵʾŮŮӣֻһҾƶСŮӣ
һ˲䣬ͻȻһͷôĹײģ棬᲻ᶼǸһģһŮӣ
һֲܿĲ²⣬棬˵Ҳмʮ߹ײģ׿Щ˵ݲ˵ʮһģһˣһʲôĸܣ


411 
Ӽɣһδѣ̲ס̾ϢһǼһһĻ˵׼ʲôʱ򣬾ͻܳ˵˵ġ
תһ룬ְ̾һʯĽƱܽΰһõģǾֻκܺˣڷ˸ɣٺ٣û׼ʱܴκܺС׬һʣǺǡ
ֻӻĥŵʱκܺҪĿڣҪٶȴعͷ֣˵ӣ
ƨ߶ƨ߶ģܵߣЦеʵ磬ʲô£
ӣ㿴ָָϵǾŮӵʬ塣
ûʲôֵǮĶһ˵һǿֵȥŮӵͷֻӲſһֽۣมۡϡôô
ȻҲһģһŮӸˡ
ӳԾģҲǣôи̥ôƯһģһ̥
˺һ˵ڨڨ˵ŮӵĵжͰȻܹһ̥ô࣬ôƯŮӺӡҪǷŵִƸ񡭡
ûƨһţŭͲ顭
ץץԴֵսƵĹײģϸĿƬ̣˵滹ôʲôֵǮĶ
û˵꣬ƨ类һš
ĹӶô˼飬Ҫһֽ̽ǮƱĶûϷ˭ȥ
ӣ΢һȥĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼类ܽǶȥǸбùײĶסڣ˶棬¡
ãһ·˵˵ЦЦĹסڵĹײİῪһ϶漴Ĳ˼硢ܽ˽˳
ܽսսʵǡǼһˣ
ӺٺٵһЦûжڣǼһҲʲôˣүԳɽһԾŶúܡ
һǰԲܽ΢΢漴˹ûֱŪɣ»µĺ֡
ԣĹֻҪɣû׵ױ𣬾ʱпܳԼǰֻҪԸɣӸ˿¶ɣ
Ҳ˵ǰӦǧıѣҪǲĻʱضһɣħơ
һɣħƣϳȣԼҪܸƤ֮֮⣬ѵҲɱķǡ
ܽҲ¹ٵĹǴʱҲһЩɵĻѣ˵Ͻʬ֣ܽΪֻǺŪ˵
룬ĹϵĿֲ飬ӶķңÿһԼܹӦܽò¿ҪӦԽĽҪԵġ
ȻɿյķǾǣֱṩ
ܽƢǲˣοϳɾôһ˵Ȼᡰѡ˼ҪԼǵԼ˵Ļ
ܽû룬ͳһп˵ллλСֵܵľ֮ſֻǧǱңȥ֮ҵطʣµǮǵ˻档
ЦеĽǧп߬пͿ˵үôˬ죬Ҳö˵ˣǰɣԺүӾסǺǡ
գӻûѡ׵⼸˵̫ˣҪ˵ƨҪһš
ӺǺǵЦһ˵үˬ죬һһ仰ҲҪ˵ףҸҲֻүӵİȫˣүʲôҪȥǸҲѲ⣬ȥ֮飬ǸҲΪǺǡүӣϿҪˡ
ܽɫ˰һ˵⻰Ҳ˵ˣԼֻĹ⣬ҲֻаȫΣҪͬı޾ϸչԼӸȴֲӦ
ܹԼʱ䣬ҲֻĹȥ֮ӸͲټڡΡ
鵽زܽҲֻð̾Ϣһ˵ͷӦ
ԼҲӦһЩǮԼûУȷһЩҲܹ֧ԼӦĿǻŵù
ǺǡЦûУǵȷҲʲô£Ƿʲô¶ˣ
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ΰŭ֮ĵһۣߵǰһԼıϡ
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ûͷûԵĻܽһʲô˼


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Ȼ춫鶼̫⣬ʮֹע⡰ˡ˵Ϊ飬ȻǱص飬ضŷǱѰĿġ
ܽڡȻͦ˲٣зǱѰ飬ǾȻῴ
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£ܽʵСȷǼ̥
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Ļ߹Ĳ˼ˣʱȻһͬðһִ˲ŷ´¡
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413 
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Ĳ˼硢ܽһǴԭأãĲ˼ͻȻóһϴһСȻߵЩײıϣײŮӵͷһͷǵڶ߹ײŮ
Ĳ˼һŮӵͷÿһͷһŴĽճ
ףĲ˼д޴ʣȻҪŪԵɣңеİ취֮һֶͨΣЩŮӵDNAʱЧķ
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С߲ߣҲߣһߡҿխңʯĵƣ΢΢ϣȻЩѽţҲߡ
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ΰһϲ˵ܣ飬˵ֹһأеԵɾ棬벻֪һЩ
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ܽ˵ĴҲҪܹ֤ȫ˵ѾһСĴˣǷΰȻҪһΡջһ롱
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ĬһŶܽʵҵĹûĻλѡĹߣʵǻûҵҪҵĶôǿԿһ£ǼѰȥǸǻͷȥҳ·
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415 
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ھͶܽǲܣԼȥҳ·Ȼûг֮٣ҪǱȥϵ𺦣϶С
ܽ˶Ըʹ˷Ҳε̾һǰıѵʱǰһ䡰Գɽһ䡰һԾŶܽʳԣʱԼȴҪΪѡ
Ĭ˺һܽʵүӣҪҵĶʲôʲô
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ЦôĹǲģѵͻˣ
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뵽ҲЦЦ˵ٿڿ˵ԶţǷ˵Ļأ
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˵ţӾҪǰȥȡΰı
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ΰе˼磬˼磬Ըҵģ𣿡
Ĳ˼ͶԷΰĲ˼ʹޣڷΰĲ˼ϴӦ
οӽΰĶߣ÷ΰҲû취ȥöԭҲǺһڣΰҪĲ˼絣Ĳ˼ȻվһߣҲϴӦ
˼磬ҴӦ㣬ӴԺ˼ԶԶġΰС
Ĳ˼ԶԶġӦĲ˼磬ʵû뵽ΰѡȡĲ˼ĵ
ãĲ˼ҧŭãΰҴӦ㣬ϣס˵Ļ
Ҳŭ֮ⷽΰȻĲ˼룬һҲûУԣ˶ǴһɡȻ˵ֻҪΰӴԺԶĲ˼ʲôģͲҪˣǮҪˣҲҪˣʲôҪˣ
Ҳһǰ˷ΰһ͵ֻǾһԺ󣬴ǷɣӴ˾ˮˮ
ΰҪƱ缸ģǰܽңԭϺģһϢٴ̵ʱֱߵ˰󣬽ΰһ˶ں档
ǰ̽·ܽ˲˸Ĳ˼ȴһ
Сߵĵһ֮漴ֱƽֻ̹Ƕ¶ʯǡ
ڵȻȫʯûʲô֮Ķ
ƽ̹Ķǰ˽һСʱûʲôĹңҲûʲô·һü˶ЩĵǣĿ£Ҳ˵ôﶼͨĶڣҪҵЩڣֻҪһʱˡ
һ΢һĵطһ֣ϣЩҽȻӪ
ҽ٣ұ䣬ӪˣѾ߹˲ܾˡ
ǰ߲ʮӣӵͻȻǰһӰż˹
ӴһҪò׼û뵽ûӰ˭Ӱ˵ӵǰֱӴһϿߡ
һһһȻκܺ
κܺӡܽˣ΢΢һ٣ֽе桭и֡
ܽһ˵Сκ㿴ģǲǸɣ
ɣɣôˣκܺһ䣬ҡҡͷҲֱӵ󼷣óκܺġ֡¡
̾һ˵ɣɣʬʬһ·׷ɱǡ
κܺһҡҡͷ˵߹ʱ򣬾ǰ治Զһûһȵʬ壬֪ǲǸɣ
û˰ע⵽𣿡ʵ
ɣ򦣬׼ҧӵʱ򣬱˵ģûһȣҲǱոմ۵ġ
κܺһô˵ǼһľǸɣˣעȷû˰СУϵļ⡢Ѿŧģ˶ġ
ոոɣһܣؼǵãɣϵȷƤѪ죬ǻû˷ʲôŧ֭Ӧһ֮󣬸ɣ巢컯¡
Сκ˵֣ʲô֣ܽ˵֣ûҪߵ˼ʵ
ڣܽĵ׳ࡣ


416 
һʣһóһѿݸӣһAKݸĲ˼磬ڰܽǣϱԣȻȥܡ
ȴҪһǹҲһϲǹˣΪƣһֱֻһѸװ˫ǹǰһʱɣ֮ǰǹѾʧȥãûӵǹҲɣŪñΡ
ǹȻ۰Ͱ͵ģҪ
΢΢Ƭ̣ӱףݸ˰û취ǹҲֻĲ˼һ֧׵
˰Σǽ׽ôúˣȿȻ°ٱ
κܺ˵Ҳûǵʲôֻ֣ɣִ󣬺ܴ󣬺ֲܿǣǻ뿪ɡ
ܽκܺ˹˵Сκ˵˵㵽ʲô
κܺɥ˺һ˵һ·ҾֻǿһǶڱϺһ
¥֣һǣããһɳ¥ꡭΰڼ˺棬ѿ˵
κܺһѾȥ
ܽ۾һ˵ûУҪȥĵط
૵˵ǸطǸط
κܺȴɥ˵ҾǸطֵģȥãȥ
̾һ˵һ·ûг·Ǳȥǻȥ
ӽĻ£ͻȻʵκһ·Ϲôô˳֪Ҫôߵģ԰ɣ
κܺЦ˵·ǱߵȷһֻǡֻǱ֣һҲֻˡ
ҡҡͷ˵һ··ĵطȫˣǰеɽл𺣣Ҳֻ˳ȥעһЩɡ
˵ţ˹ӣͷ
ܽ󣬼Եİ˵ĸɣ仨ˮ˵һ飬ҪκܺһЩڣӦü򵥵öࡣ
κܺŰɣҪȥҳ·ɣȴֺЩģֱܽקţ֮£ֻòתͷߡ
Сǰ˲СʱȻЩ죬һʲôġءĽţ𣬵ţźܴĲ죬ΪڶѨÿһζҪڶصһŻʧԣ˲
ȻֻʱʱĽһȴ˾øӿֲǼĲ˼ˣɵý֡
أ˿κܺ˵ǸڣڵȷǾΪɹģγһԲΣǴ˼ԺԲš
ңκܺȻû˵ѣԲߣȷ֣Ҫǰΰܽ˵Щʲô֣ס
һ͸ֻܾ֣ǰ֣кܴĲǸʲô֣ӲҲһĨڡ
ڣκܺԥָŶ˵棬Զĵطɣĵطٺ桭ٺ桭
ʱǹ͵ֽһ˵Ķ߷һü˶䶼Щʹ
κܺŶ䣬һ֣סĺˡ
ò׵ȵʧһֱԸķΰ±ӱҳһָϸľóȥľ
ľܲŻ𣬷ΰãľͷȼӰСһ̿
˵Ҳ֣ľױȼһȼȴҲϨ𣬷һ޵Ʈ˱ֻζеģôš
̲סȵ٣ʲô
ΰһۣ𣬶СĽľ
ܽ̾һ˵ٹȻмңõģѾʧ㣬רԸѨΪ󸡣
ŽĹ£˵Ž󸱾һޣΪϲƱ˵λʦͳһֻݽ̰òƵϰԣһǮƷ
ܽЦЦ˵ޣǷ䴫˵ܹ۲Ƶļ֮ǶѨ󸣬̶޿ɱ⣬ǰڶﰾʯˣСĪһ󸡯˵
ӺЩĵʵүӣ󸣬ж֮ʲôط
ܽ󸣬ԭֻڶѨ֮У˴󣬾ǶΣ֪ҵһΪ˶ܱһζ˵ʼʱ򣬾һСӣֻвһܱˣһݣܿСӣ԰ֻǣСӣе˲ŷ֣СӾȻסıʮ֮У˲ŷ֣Щѵˣ˱ȱӿµĶ󸣡
ұܹһٵǣһЩըҩʲôģҪȥ𣬲뵽ǸطǼֻ󸣬ȴû˸Ҷ֣Ϊ̫ˣңһƬ֮Ͷˡ
ӽסզ಻ѣܽȻû˵֧󸵽ж󣬵ҲܹõʮˣըҩȴҶ֣ǵö󰡣òСɽɣҪȻҲڲҶ֡
ܽ̾һЦЦ˵С㣬ȡǧϵĹĹĹľټҩݣطƶɵģ˵ȼ㣬һж֮ڵаѵáѵá
ܽ̾ΰ㣬ȴЦЦ˵˵ôôţԭյ˼ҵĹײİߺߣ챳˼ҵĹײİϣҲӻ
ӡ˸ΰ֮иңܽ˵ܽҲӷΰթ˼ⶫ֮ܽ
˹ӣЦЦ˵ҲãʲôҲãվҲòʲôۣȥɡ
ʱ򣬲ȥһۣܽ˲Ӧ֮⣬һҲԣɸɴģֱӴŴһˡ
£˸ȫ䱸Сȥ
ûϼ˹ȻֵһźźѾһ߷źĹǼܣ
ǼûһȣԴϵҲˣϵҲǴϤģ˵ǸɣźӦǲд
ֻǸոκܺȥʱ˵ɣѾճŧҺû뵽˸Ϲʱ򣬾Ѿ˹Ǽܡ
Ĳ˼űӣô̵΢Ūһ¸ɣĹǼܣ΢΢̾һȻתͷҲǿЦҡҡͷ
ΰȴǸ㣬ſˣֱǰ˳ȥ
˸̾ϢһҲͣڷΰ󣬼洳
Ƭ̣ǰȻ
֮Ȼһ޴ĵºˮȻǳзһȦһȦɢң˽ֵһҲıԵ


417 
ھɲͻȻ֮䣬ٴһءĺУңȻӿߵ˻
صĽȻݣ˼˵ĶĤһԴһʱ֮䶫ᡣ
˺һκܺűԴеǶˮ
Ͷ䣬ǷĶ˵硭ʲôôô󣿡
ԭͱһҪã£ȻҲһҪʹö࣬˺þãɺʹĴĵηգȻ˺ö౶ֻǵʲô֪ôСЩˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳɷκܺ㲻Ǵİɣ·ʲôط
κܺҡҡͷ·߹ˣ·ʵǵŵһߡ
ܽʱȴӣźɳ̲ϵһۼеȻⶫ󸡭
˳ֵܽ⿴˹ȥֻɳ̲֮ϣСȽɳġѼӡ
Ҫ˵ɳĮûѼӣУֻѼС
κܺűضѼӡ̲ס˵ܡϡǡʲô
һбۿһκܺм˵үӲ˵ˣ󸣬˵ʲô
ʱΰǿֽʹ࣬˸طȥȻתͷ˵ҪҵĶҪ⿪գмһСϣֻֻ֧СʱСʱ֮󣬻ᷢʲô˭Ҳ֪Ҿ˵ˣȥȥ㡣
ϸһº棬ȴûмʲôСҲе˵ûʲôСУܷɹȥιȥ
ΰ˵ʣһ˴̤źߵɳ̲ұȥ
û߶ԶͻȻһʯͷʯͷм侹Ȼм쵽ľ벻ߣںˮӿʱ֡
ЩʯͷԭӦһ൱ΰŶգֻΪ̫Զûɣ̮Ĳˡ
չȥ£ϣǷ֣ŵϻǰĺľ壬ЩľϡϡģӣҲòˣҪľߣ϶ǲܵġ
ųʮңӺˮΧŵСΨһֻͨǣֵǣܿŵľͷȴͷνġС
ԭκܺţʱ˷ȥȥϽȥõϾҪҵĶĥˣǵʱ䲻ˣ
Ĳ˼ȴ侲˵ȰҲǲҪĺãҪ߹źǼѣˮֻδ֪ĶȻʲôƱܴЩƱ뿪
κܺٺ١ЦĲС⻰ɾ˵òˣ⼸ʮ׵ľ룬һЩö೤ʱ䣬ȥϲƱҲò˼ӣֻҪڷٵʧЧ֮ǰٻصߣʲôⶼˡ
ߣκܺĲ˼ĥΰȴǵһ
ţǰĲ˼ǵСһ벻ֹΰϵϣ쿪˫֣ץסߵķ֣һ˫Ҳ濪վŵ棬ҽƶ˼Ҳֻ΢΢Ļζһ¡
ܽҲ«ưշΰӣţ˼Զȵ
ʱ򣬷ΰǰ涼ʮԶˣκܺûʲô쳣ֺĸš
ӡĲ˼˶һۣӺԥĵ˵ͷȻκܺĲ˼̾һֻǰ档
һţȴҲߵľ룬ϵ˻һһĴӽӿѭֹ˼ۣͷۻҪվȡ
ӴСУϽȵӣ¿ŴҵƵߡ
ԵҪȸɣٵǵż࣬棬ڶķҲûŴ󣬵ҲΪ˶ֲ࣬һ£ԣһ棬Ǻ˾һ㣬ŤŤģߵļѣҺ׾ͷΡ
վУվ˺һǿָȻ˵ģǰŲ
ʱΰܽѾţ˺ĵС漴˵ߵʧ
Ĳ˼˽ŲѣˣôͻȻ֮ͻʧء
ֻź˽ӶС׹ǰû˿üСΪνġСʵ̫С̫ͣ죬ʮƽߴҲֻǿ˻ûԣСڲ֮䡣
ܽΰʧȴΪСиµĶһϵСµ˶ȥˡ
ʮխֻһˣõⶴнݣ˿Ժ׵µ
ֻǴĲ˼µ֮űסˡ
˭Ҳ뵽ĵĵ죬Ȼпյģ˵ҲǧƽңԵܹóпյĵ죬ȻɵģǾΪտ˹ɡ
𺳲ѵǣ˹һƬʵİ׹⣬ʹ˽ֵȫϨҲܽľ￴
𺳲ѵǣֻҪ΢̧ͷȥܹĿõˮԼΪࡢȫ͸㣡
Ҳ˵ˣһ֮ڡ
ʲôطӴС
һ˲䣬ԴＸӲıĳ֡ɵڼĵطǷɵڲ
Ҳһ˲䣬಻⣬̾˴𰸡
Ȼһɵʲô֣ܽͣݻĹңһģһŮӣ޽еķȵһУȫԶˡ
ã֮У죬ѹǰ治ԶĵطѷһЩӣаʮ䡣
κܺӵ˹ȥ˿˼ӣӸǣһʱ䲻Ŀ࣡
ŵƷײǻƳȳȵĽשһʯǶΣЩƷΣʯȵȣһйٵĴľӣֵǮ
ǵõˡǵõˡ
κܺӵ˶ס㵸˷ܲѣҵҪĶ
κִܺ˼ӣһ£򿪵棬⣬ȫǽ鱦˵ÿһӶֵܼ
˸֮࣬ȴַôĽ鱦ô޴ıأҪôܴĳȥ
һһ·װŶһߴ˵ǼĶãΣʯȵȣѱװýשǵʱ䲻ˣ̫̰ģϽãö٣
κܺҲɵʯԼȻƽļֵߣҪһԭǣǱȻƽҪᣬҪýשĻһשʮʮأһܱ˼飿ʯȵȣװʮʮķǼֵҲԡڡˡ
ԣϴʲôһֵµκܺȻֱڵϡ


418 
κܺӶٴߵЩ䱦һǺĶûǼֵǵ䱦ߣҲòٰɡ
ӣǿʲô
ӣ̫ˡһ
ҪôȥֹһɲԸҲЩһ
ӡס֡Ĳ˼Ҳŭһ
罫ܹװĵطװˣһµĴӣ˴̧ͷɻĿ˰ΣԼʲô飬˺һڽĴƿط˻ȥ
Ĳ˼һŭȣκܺҲͣ۾˿ǽƬԥ˺һ
Բ̫ˣԲ𡭡˺һӲ˵磬ұ֤ٲˡǡһЩ
˵գԼѾװĴӣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ
ӵıһͱȥ̽·ˣԣֱڣΨһװЩƱģҲֻһԲ米ʵ
ȵӣǧٹˡһߺȽУȴһóһŵıӸӡ
Ĳ˼ȴǺŭӣκܺˡ
˱תȥװЩƱʱӵ˹һЩòߵģģסԼԼµģҲֻƵÿģʵƲģԱŲһ¡
ӵʾ£κܺҲ˹ĵöˣֻûӣ˵ıװҲװȥˡ
װ䱦ʵ̫ˣûܰЩһһĴ򿪣ңЩ䱦󶼲࣬ҲֻѡװһЩΪСɵƷ
κܺ˶ǳ񣬸֪ĶҪ̰ĻǾ;ԾȴûȻԼı̫СҲֻ֪Ҫⱳܹ˳˳óȥһҲ㹻ˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳּ˼Ĳ˼õ٣ܹҲִֻ˼ӣϿ˼ۣ漴ֽӸȥ˶٣ЩʲôҲûȥע⡣
ߣκܺ˽ϣװĽȥĵطȫװˣ漴˸к̾ͱñתͷҪ뿪ط
СʱãǵҲȥ˴СʱҪĶѾõˣٴȥû°
ȴԥһ£ӽﵽڣûΰܽټȥʲôȥˣ
κܺ˶һۣԥƬ̣κܺЦЦ˵ϸСӦʮİյģӦòǵģǣӦü뿪ٸǴ۲ǡ
ӱñٺٵЦκ˺ôҪֱӾߣҲòŰѻ˵ôûʣٺ٣ʵҪߣҲû˻קǣҾЩˣΰСӸүôĲƱҪƴƴģΪ
κܺһ˵òΰֻܽΪ˲ƱȻЩ˵ͨˣĲƱѻɽƾ˵Ҳ꣬ȻǳŲƱĲǣҪȻҲЩƱһ۵ġ
ǣκܺΪֹûΰүӵӰӣ˵˶ЩƱҪʲô
һߣһ߶˵뿪Ҳԣȥ˵
һߣĲ˼粻ĸ˹ȥӸǶ˵ʹǱųصıҲǱ׾ĸ˹ȥ
κܺٴζһۣ漴һعͷȥ˽ݣȳ롣
Ĳ˼硢ǰһΣȴֺܿ͵һɢʵİ׹ǽǰ棬ǽиߵŶŵģңԼԼ
ԥĽŶ֮ȻһƽĿռ䣬ռĹҪöࡣ
һѰңȻַΰܽһң
ϣҾһǰҴĻأҰЩȫȥ֮ҷָһɡΰ˵
ܽҡҡͷ˵Щ޷ĶȫȥߺߣҲΪ
ϣĶֻҪŪȥǾһɽ˵һӣʮӣҲ´࡭

ߵýˣŷ֣ελãߵλϣһ߼Ϊ˵ĹǺ
߹Ǻͷǳɫ͸״ǰͻ磬ȴһֲ࣬ǣۿȻռ˴沿ҿıӱǹǣһΪĿŻ½˲ľͻ뵽ӰĽʬѪ
ɣһ࣬ͬκֵࡣ
Ȼұߵλɽȴ˶һʮ߰Ůӣ˿ݵŮӡ
޵òɷʮ߰ӣϸϣüë续СıӣͬӣһС죬ʮָͬдϧǣŮϻһĨȻҺ죬һλ˯Ůӣλ˯Ůӣϴһ˿˿İԹ
λԱߣһŲ֪İťһĻĿ̨
һ͸СϣѾʼ˸һ̹⣬̨ӵĻѾѾʼתˡ
ΰܽѣһ֪ɣŮһεĺӣģΰһһҪõӣǰȥȴ޷
ÿһֻҪŮӰ֮ڣͻͬ۷ΰʹָȴŴ޷֡
ܽҲԹ˼Σͬ޹Ǻװʲôΰȴ˵ңΰ־ԲϾʹȥ
ֻܽҲǾϵ֮ˣͨȻǲֵһۣΰ˾񣬷ҪõӲɣ֪ĶͬСɣǣֿ޷ҪȳȥȻ취
ˣ˱ִ
˵ŮǰһĪſı㣬Ĳ˼תͷ˿
ҲеĿôྫıŮһûУȴıôһһ߿̵ĺӣ֪Ƕ϶ޱȣҪõ֣Ǻǡ
ӸĲ˼˵ΰܽ˾һ漴һ˵˭ܰңĲƱҷһ롭
Ӹ˾ǺٺһЦزˣʲôһ룬ֲ̰òѵˡ
˵ˣƱһ룬ƾʲôŪȥⲻǿտ˵׻ô
һﲻ֪ٺٵЦ֮ǰһֱ־ȥŮŵĺӡ
˭֪һָֻո쵽ŮǰʮֵĵطͻȻ֮ðһĵĻ⣬漴˾ͷȻ󡰅硱һˤڵϡ
ڵϲûιȥȴҲѾ˵ͷϳҲסðϸ⣬Լžը졣


419 ҵ
Ĳ˼ӱȽϽӵأϽȥ룬Ĳ˼ֲŸոսӴӣꡱһĲ˼֮ըһҫ۵Ļ𻨣Ĳ˼һֶֻʱҲһ飬ʧȥ֪
е硭Ĳ˼һʧе
е硭һոһȥûüֹӣһգۼȴӶ˳ȥ漴ϱһĵĻ˺һʧû뵽Ĳ˼ȥӣһ¡
ڳԾ֮䣬ΰЦЦ˵һ㿴谭εĵҲɣҲɣ֮Ŀǰû뵽취ܹ͸谭
֡ٴʧ
ܾҲ˵ͷ˵Ѿ߰˴ˣûʲôܹ͸ȥ㿴׼÷ɻץɡȵȣܴЧ
ܽ˵ţһӣݸǶǸǿάʺ϶ɣƾܽķɻץӵǰѾһ֪Ǳն˵ġ
ô˿նϵĵط˵
ԭܽΰվִݣΪΪǺյĹܣççײײıķ˳ȥðŵΪܽôͲܹԵĶֱӽǺӳ
ڷΰܽôһ˵׹֡Ҳãε谭Ҳã֮ǸӸõó
ܽɬɬЦЦΪţǰӣ΢趯£ȻֱӻǸŮĺӡ
ͬһɵߣҡͷԵģಡһʮѸĽӽŮǰ
ֻ䡱һ죬ͷ̾ʹһ⣬֮ͻ˻ҽأҲͬһ㣬Ůǰһ׶Զĵط
ĿѾ˻ҽӣⶫ򷽼ΰ˵ŮǰһԽġ֡
ʱǿָ֣ͷ˵硭ɶôôġ
תͷû˵Ҷ֪˰ɡ
һתۣӵʱǹĹҵļ飬΢һߵߣǼ
⼸飬ָͷСԲɫ΢΢ƣȴһּΪеϵȼƷ
ֻƬ̣ȻվȻת
ڵϣҾ徵Ĵе硭ҪǼ顭ҷ˺ôľҵġ
ӵĺУһ֣һ顰͡һ˳ȥ
ע֮£ɵŮǰʮֵĵط㻯һ棬Żǰ˲ʮ־룬һ̣գۼʧˡ
ʧĻ棬һ֣һ˳ȥ
һΣõ־С࣬ǿڼƵķɵŮǰɻһ̻
һΣȼջҵʱƺһҲӽӽŮӣǰһţ˵Ҳʮ֡
һ㣬ܽΰĲ˼ȿġ
ֻһڵϾȻɥп硭硭ǿǧѡĶķۣҲò˷ѵ硭ˣţʣĻҰɡ
תͷûĺһ䣺Ǽô㡭
ӾȻĨһᣬ˵磬ҾͲˣʣĸҾͳɣҸл˱ڡ
ȥյô飬Ⱑô࣬ȥϼŲͳˡ
˵ţٴһ֣һ黺ط˳ȥ
һΣɵúǰ˺üȻӽŮӵʱȻͬ˻𣬵ڼע֮£ȻһŻ棬䵽ǸŮӽ¡
䵽ŮӵĽ£ʱʧǿȴѾֺС΢һ£΢΢ķžһ죬漴ѳһ촷ۡ
ʱ˹һѱסһȣſǻе硭Ҫˣ˰
ҡҡͷЦһ£ʣĿ쵽ǰû˵˰ôôô
һ֣ڻ˵Ĵ£ûҶǰ󣬽λ
ͷصĺȵһȥ
ż飬ʶȤ˵һߣתͷܽ˵үӣոա
Ļû˵꣬ܽ̾һ˵Сֵܣ˵ոһĻ֤ԽܹԽӽǸӣ԰ɣ֪ˣԹ˺üΣһһͣûӽӽǸӡﻹһϹӣҪȥԡ
ܽ˵ţӱָͷϸϹӳ
ܽǵӣϹӣˮ֮ʱȡĻˮõġ
ΪҪʰЯֲ˿ϹӲãһÿͷ϶ƣӳһҲһ߶೤ǿüӽһ𣬶ңӹܵķʽҲܼ򵥣ֱӽӵһͷһӱɡ
һ̣ܽ㽫Сӽӳһһĳܣݵ
ӹӣ˵࣬оЩһͷƽҲһȣڶۣʹá
˵֮ϹӣĽӾƽȻһǰ͡
ȻŮǰʮ֮Ϲһߣڻ֭һһεÿһ֭䣬һŻ⣬Ƭ̣㽫Ϲܹͷȼ
ʱϹҲֻŮǰʮֵӣҪ봩͸ʣµһξ룬Ȼ
Ŀ˵Ϲܶڻòˣ̾һĹˡ
ΰȴЩ˵ܣôÿ㿴ˣԵҲԹˣʲôõķûУ
ЦЦ˵κγɵĻƹɣûŪĻԭ֮ǰʹײǺǣҲֻֿԡ
ΰһЦĲ˼˵Σÿһζ˳˳ˮض飬ҪΪãҲзǳܼ֮
ڿνġǳܼ֮Ҳ˴򲻿ģûѷ򿪡
Ĳ˼վһߣͻȻ˵ΰүүһֱڻɷүүܲйض𣿡
ΰһ㵣û뵽Ĳ˼ͻȻ˵ⷽүӵ飬үӵȷܲѾǹ˺üʮ飬Ĳ˼ʲôһ֮£ΰ̴ĦҪôشĲ˼ʻ
ֻǲȷΰشĲ˼˵ҲµûĻ¥Ǹп˵ˣӦþǷүү𣿡
һ£ΰҲ̲סˣʧ˵Ǽүү
˵ǷҵܣڴˡĲ˼ĵ˵


420 ײȥ
סڡΰͻȻ֮ȵҪ˵ȥˣҷҵܾҷҵܣݲ̽
λүӣǽ˳ơӡķ٣ܽһѿʵ
Ĳ˼絭ĵ˵ͷĬܽ˵
ΰүүԭǷ٣ԭǡӡܽЦһ£ֲãֲ÷ΰ֪ô࣬׼ô֡
ӣʲô˼̲סʵ
Ĳ˼̾һشսˣھսôһȺרԵĹΪˣٷүү֮һӡ˼ǷүүĹıǿֻҪڳʬ鶼ɣʬʮְȫֱ˵
һƲƲ죬˵Ǹʬ׷ô˭ȥһߺߡ
ӲȻԺ˵˵ˣܽȴ֪еھǧ֮ڼĹ餣˵󹦸ɣƫƫڿʬ׷һϳ⣬˽ʬܹõôһţȻмΪֶΣΣ
ôһĹ֣֮ǰͻȻ伣ˣԭĹ
ߣҲӡ֤ˡ߹޲뾮ơǰϻɡ
ߡΰصĺһĲңҲþʲô˾ӣֻ֪˲Ըˡ
Ĳ˼絭ҡҡͷ˵ô˵ĲҽϴѾʮˣ˾ҲãС˼ҲգĲҴڸ࣬ҲôǷңԴӷүү֮Ƿ˲ŵ㣬ΰҪ淽ҳͷأߺߡѡһ·ǿ϶Ǵ֮١
ΰмƲĲ˼һۣ󲻴Ҫһ·⻹ֲĲ˼˵ģĲ˼ģΰҲΪػýȥ
ܽһ̾Ϣã˵С֪Ƿһ˵ڴ˵ġô
ΰһ𣬵漴ЦЦȲϣҲϣܽ˵ʲôΰҲᡣ
Ӹ˴һһЩʱ龰ӿͷӵһĲҼΰ巽˵ı֣ͺǹ죬ºθ򽻵񶫶ֹĸо
ΰֶòŹｻһ񣬻һ飬һֶ׶Է˼ӦķӦ
ָоԭΪֻദþˣʮĬϣʵ벻ԭ˾ȻΪá
Ծ֮࣬ɵöԷΰ࿴ת뵽ٻԼҲҪõӣֻѣûõȴ˷
ôʲôأ
һϸŮϵĺӣҪƾԼܿһ㣬жϺĶļֵȳԾ־еǣҲĺöĶһʲôû
֪¡֡ԭ򣬻ֻ̫رֻĶأ
ԽĶԽǺ棬ϾϣĶϾֻң˵Щǳκһļֵ
ţɵٴתͷܣϸȥŮӵŵǸӡ
ʱ֪Ĳ˼˵ʲôΰŭģ±ӱȡһϡ
񣬸ӵĸоӦϻһЩϣʮֺأΰϣҪһ͸ڵ￴߲װˡ
ΰö񣬶˵ֱӴ̤ǰҪǶ¿֡
ƫɣʱ򼰸һ󾪽Уţκܺ˵ײײĴ˽
󡡭󡡭κܺһܣһߴС
ҲһǱܣһߴУ󸡭
Ϊκܺ˳ȥʱͻȻʲôĹ˲װƱıƵǱ˻
ԭ̾ҪǶ¡֡ķΰһɵͣ˲ӣתͷκܺˣҪʵʲô
СʱһЩʱ䣬ôȴܵ˹ܵʧЧˣУĳ̶ȵжգ
ֻǰʧ룬һֱ˹˵Ҫģ˵Щ棬ҲֻЩ԰˵ߣȫб֤
ֻǣʱ۲ŮϵǸӣŻŵİ˵󣬾ȻƲסֱһײıϡ
ԭͺǵ֡Ϊӽں޷±һײʱվȣӶʱֱֱ˹ȥ
ûӦһǰ
Ҳһײһ֡
硭Ӵһ
Ĳ˼ҲһС
ֻܽһ֣Ŀʧǰ
ΰʧ̲ס¶һ˿Ц⡣
κܺȴǴˣڣкüֻĥ̴СŹ̾ͻβΨһܹеϣȴһ˲֮Īʧ
һ֮κܺҲܲҪ֡꣬˭ּ֪ܾۿ죬һסκܺеɡ
תͷһԳֲɫڱ׷Ϲ󸲻̾Ҫ׷ңޱȡ
κܺҪǿи꣬ܽһŰһǰһǼӴ̱֡һŻ棬漴̻ҽʧ
κܺһһһߴУôô졭
ΰʧڡ֡ȴûֻ߱ȵǰЩҲһֱ˹
ֻǷΰոսӴ֡ðһȦɫĻ⣬ʮһ磬סڷΰԾ֮䣬ΰĶ㱻ڻ˸ɸɾ
ΰ֪ã̾ͳˣڻɾ֮ʱΰȫһ磬ſڡ
ƫƫʱ򣬴ſһɫıӣڷΰϳһǣըһĵĻգ֮䣬ɫıʧ
Ĳ˼硢ӵ˵ĶȴһءĽҲŵһɿĽζ
κܺһ󸡭ܽҪĵطܣҲŤͷű
Ĳ˼ȴĿɿڴĿŵϵķΰ
һءĽڼΪݵ˲֮󣬱û󸱻ΰϵĵֿ֮ٵ˻ȥ
ü˾ʧһ֮󣬺òװĲ˼תͷǰʧĵطһ
ܽ˻عȥǡ֡ֻһӰģģģǵӽǸŮӡ


421 
ҲΪôһģģӰĲ˼Ŵһ
ʱͺЩ죬֪Ϊ֡ʹ˵Ӿ˱仯ʵˣֻǸӰŮӵӰӶǹ졣
ǸŮڼоҲ͸˲ĸ߰СǸӰЩѵߵŮǰʱӰȻԵðСࡣ
ӰվŮǰûŮӵߣǸӰŮǰ·ֻһСӡ
Ӱǹ죬Ҫ֪㲻ϺܸߣԲô˵ҲһװˣǺӰľĻ˿ӰʵĻζʲô
ζţһŮӣٶϣпô
ܣҲ˵ڿģһжǼٵģΪ֡Ť˼˿Ӱ񣬼ҲԼ۾ƭˡ
ֻǲôĿǸӰŮ֮ʮּѵŮӵϥͷ
ʱ˶֣ŮŵĺӣȴֱȺӰС࣬ΪӰģǺֱȺӰС࣬ԼҲӰǺӶʲôֽţֻһգۼ䣬ǺӰźת漴Ůӵϥͷ
ʱָķΰһҪ
ֻӰŵ֮ʱ֪ô£һҲ˵ڵأǸӣҲֱӷ˳
ӼȻһɲ֮䣬֣Ĳ˼˹
ڱܵķӦĲ˼һ֣ŷɹĺץסֻĲ˼ոսסӣϱ㱬һ仡⣬Ĳ˼Ҳ漴˳ȥݺݵˤ˵ϡ
һ̣ܽκܺͬʱӡ
ΰ˼ĺĶڳ˴ֿɼĵط˭Ҳܲȥ
ֻܽκָ֧ܺոմںϣͬһŵ绡⣬ֻʱǺӷųĵ渶ȽӴĲ˼ʱ࣬âҲûôҫۡ
ˣܽκܺ˻ǡĲҽһˤȥԶڵϣҲá
һﱳһֻ󱳰׾˵ʱ򣬺Ѿ䵽˷ΰ
ΰ˺ӣ漴һ֮У󽫲漴תܣֻһգ֮䣬ûӰ
ʣܽĲ˼硢ӡκܺĸˣɵڵϣĴһߡ
ӱҪȥ׷𷽼ΰģǹ˼Ĳ˼绹ڵϣοҲδۿŷΰ˸ûӰҲֻܶŽƿڴżѡ
һڵϲܶܽκܺһۣ΢һ㵣̰򷽼ΰ׷˹ȥ
ΰа취ס󸣬ΨһܻĻᣬܸԼģǣΪֹûӰȥ׷ΰǼֱԴС
ӿܶһգۼ䶼ûӰּŭ̵ģЩ˵һУõԼҪĶʲôˡ
ҲҪʱϽȥֶĲ˼˵İΣԣƿڴ˺һİѱһˤȻȥĲ˼硣
һĲ˼΢һˣǻǲܶӿĲ˼϶յĽһƬƾһ㣬Ӿ֪Ĳ˼ǳ˴
õǼʹ˳Ĳ˼Ȼܹӣ촽΢΢˵ӣءûС
ӵıһᣬعͷȥһһ˵ϴģ粻µġ
ӣ͡Լһ߰ɡ
˵ϴʲôʱ¹ˣءӵһһ˵ϴүǶˣЩ±˵飬Ǿȶ磬һֱȵ
ʱܽǰһӣ΢΢һƬֿ̣һϢ΢˵Сֵܡ߰ɡҪ
˵ţܽǿֱָ̧ۣǸ˸̹ķ
֪ʲôʱǿ˸̹ķ˸ÿ켲ǶʱըļʱͻȻ
ָܽӿķ֣Ҫһܶһ̣ܽ뵽ԼûܴϣҪȳȥĶܾһ
ɽǱߣǷڣ鳺ֻ֪ţҸ˵һݷҵĳĴǱߵ⣬ǻǷ˼ʮǮģУһмֵֶܵӣѣóһЩչˡ
ƨЩ㹷飬ﲻԼȥ˵˵ûҲȥҳȥˣؼë飬Ҳûʱȥ١үġ
һһŭ
ӻû˵꣬Ǹ˸̹С飬˸øǿ켲ޱȣǵ̹Ȼ˿ͣ٣ңʱҲĶ
طˣ
ֻڻûңĲ˼硢ܽκܺһܶ
ĨһᣬͻȻЦתԼ˦ڵϵı˱ϣȻЦ˵ģ˰ɣٺ٣ˣҲǸٺ٣ôĽƱᣬٺ١
һ仰û˵꣬һȻ죬ŵһҵ˶һɾ޴ڵϣȻһ졣
ոȥӡҲȥǰɡ΢ǿվűˤʹƨɣƿڴ
ܽκܺĲ˼˱ûȫָһˤֱӾ˹ȥ
ͷתģһһܵĲ˼ߣҪĲ˼籨һȫһĵطôҲҪֵ԰ɣ
ңӶվȣҪһȫĵطĸܣ
ʱǸ̹ķȻ˸ǲ֪﷢һΪֲ죬ٻǰľ
ӾѣǵȲˣĲ˼ҸȫһĵطҲҲˣҪĲ˼ߣһȥҲ첻ˡ
Ӿ֮ʣһηңһηǹ죬ǱȻ˳ȥһңɳȥķ򣬾ȻǳǶ¡֡
ˡӴһ漴۾
⡰֡ӱ˭֪棬̾ͻɻһ
Ҳãһ˲ͷɻˣȻͻʹ࣡
һ̣ӵȻȴǿ켲һӿĻ棬ʶܡѩıءͷơִǡЩ漸ŵӰһ㣬ӵ˸顣
֮ǰĸоţͻȻ΢Ц̶̵Ĳµʱ䣬ӴһͷΪС죬ǧĴ̣ȴڴĮһУһͨһӶ޷ȥľ
иֵܣкüֵýѣ֮ǰҲˣϼֵǵ鱦
ˣһҲֵˣ
ģֵˣ


422 һ
ͨ
ӸоԴϴһʹ漴ǰһڡ
Ǳ۾ģǰһƬֻǰһڣʧȥʶ֮ǰָоֺڰĺڰֺڰ֮󣬱ʧȥʶ
ʧȥʶ֮ǰģģĸоԼڲסķײ
ңҪŬۿ׷ʲô飬ȴˣΪʶ𽥵Զȥ
΢̾ϢһԼۣ۵Ҫ˯һ漴ӱ˯˹ȥ
֪˶ãԺڽлţӡӡӡ
ңԶ΢ʣʮ˲лʹΪлһ㣬һڴһƿڴӡ
΢΢˶촽Ҫһ䣺̵ģ˯ɲˣ˰ӿ۵Ҫ
ֻĺۣҪ˯ȥƫƫһһ£סԼĶ߽лţᣬһ㣬϶ϲߣŪ˯ȫޡ
ӻ۾ҵĻ˫֣ͼһϿֻû뵽ʱһӼҺ;ϲӡӡ
ӼѵƤȴֹЩ̵ۣӵ۾ʹҪ
ӽƤʹ۾۾֮ȫһƬƺɫɳӣĹߣ۾ʹ
ʲôطûһ䡣
ɳĮﰡһӿżЦյǰЦż˵ӣ㲻ˤԴɣɳĮ㶼ǵˣ
Ӵһ漴ʮֲĽе硭ˤءǳˡӴҵıء
ĿӣӵĶͷȻЦе˵Ӵ̣ջӰɡӣʲô
޹Цӳһֻһ鱦ʯǿǼֵǣɹĲƱô񶫾Ͳ֪ˡ
ԣӰ룺Լ˵ôѵЩ鱦Ĳܴ
ţ͵͵һԼĴȣôһɣһɾʹ̴ӴȴȫʹԼһƤʹӲ˻˻һ
ôˣӡĲ˼ʵ
ǣϴ󡭡̧ͷĲ˼磬ʵϴ˻ǻŵİ
㡭Ĳ˼һ漴ڿЦɣ񡭡ˤɵ˰㡭
̧ͷһ£ܽκܺ˾ԼԶĵطڣƶĵط¶һٺۣӣûٱѵڵĳ̶ȣ弡Ҳܵ˺ܴ˺
Ӽ֮С֮ǰӡкܴĲ𣬶ңܽκܺȻûʲôؿһһģóǻ
ⲻѾ˵ˣǴʲôطˤˤ˹ȥѡ
ЦеģӵԴת˹ȥӿľ
һƬߴʮ׵ɽţԴɽƺǶͣң浽ǴССʯ顣
վ˼ڿɽıĿɽʮϣͻȻûˣǸʲôӲ֪һô͵ɽϰ벿ͻȻ֮ûˣصľ󣬻֪ɽһǷʲô飬ڵ׷ʲô飬ǻ۵˯˹ȥͲ֪
ЦŶ˵үӸκܺҪѹҪһҪҪȥ
￴˿ϲûԼǸңɢ鱦ûһ
᲻Լô롣
֪ӵ˼ҲЩõЦ˵ӣ۾ˣܲصһֻˣⱳҲԿûĶ
˵ţԼϵı͵ǰ
ȥһɫֿ˿漴˵ûþûãҲ֪ЩķֻۣЩϧôİֵǮ
ʹЩʹ˵һ˵һ߻ȥϲ鱦ĴӣϧǣԼͬ˺ڲӣˣﻹа鱦ϡ
Ҫȥңû׼ı桭Це˵
˵ǡǴ桭ġЩɻʵ
ⲻܰɣôͣô᾵ʯͷҪײҲᱻɵɡ
ȴЦЦֵ˵ͷӣǴɽģΪʲôûʯͷײֻ߱ʯͷɵǾֻ֪ˡ
΢΢˶٣ӱϸ˿һϣͬȥ˿ɽϵ׷ʲô֮⣬ҪǿʲôûУϾֻҪҵһĶԼҲͿ̵ĶС
ǺǵЦţǰ·ǰ淢鱦ȼȥϽǰողѹͷЩΣŲҲȣԵЩġ
ҺĲ˼ںؼʱ򣬷һѡ
ɽȻͣϾֻмʮ׸ߣʯȻᾣȴ˺׵ʵǡ
ʮ׸ߵİɽ𣬲һӵ˶ˡ
վɽ𶥶ˣӳԾӶҪˡ
ɽӦǳ׶εģڣɽ׶ˣҲ˵ڣɽм䣬һԲǧƽİݣһ޴ġɽӡĲ˼ˣվɽͬһɽϡ
ǰӵŵĵطҪʮ׵İݵĵײ΢΢¶һЩʪȻӦǾۼ˴ˮ
Ŀɿڴ֮ʣɽ´һС
תͷȥŷ֣ԭܽκܺ˹ǴΧĻʱˣŴ
Ĳ˼̲סӦһܽκܺ˱㿪ʼܽκܺҲҪŪ⵽ôһ¡
۹ܽκܺɽܹҵһԼʧ鱦ʵڡ
ԣӳܽκܺڰɽϣͿʼѰпǱԼ䡱˵鱦
ǰһƬطǲеˣԼ˺һҪԱȥϸһ£룬⵶һɽʮ΢һ̮һƬʯɳӣľҲм们ȥ
æعͷۼֿ죬һѾסӵĺ죬һᣬŽصԭء
һ£ӿǾһ亹ôߣôŻȥ۸첲ȶˣû׼Լͻᱻ档
ӸովȣһڴܽκܺҲһǰľ˶̲סŴ졣
ֻԭӵǧּⵯըŻŪôɡܽһֻͷ˿Լǰɹĵ棺ӣȵ滹Ҫʮüף
κܺһЩˮӣЩʹϧ˵ϧЩ
ȴм˵ӵѾǺܲˣ㻹Щô͸һˡ
˿ӣ̾Ϣһ󣬲ô˵ǡɵҲãǵعҲãҲãڣһжγɣʧӰ١
ʲôûˣҲûмıҪҪ֪ɳĮߵʱҲͰˣֻҪߣ͵øϿҵǸӪء
ֻɽʱӡĲ˼硢ʱκܺܽ۾һһ᾵ʯм䣬˸һĿ⣡


423 ҧ
ĳȥ˵һǰ棬һԭһֻǶһ鱦ʯָ
ӸϽָʲôˣʣһָôҲûװ׵Ĳһء
ЦеĶ˵ӣҿֵǮ
ָ߬Դһ˦˵ƽֵָǮĲֵ붫ķۣҲͲˡ
ܽ㲻ڿǸָʱ˸ţʵָһȿͷ˶ٴʯʵعʲôĶ˵ֻʵأҲֵֻǧ飬ϡ桱һҲϸһǮ
Щ˵УκܺҲὫһǮָ͸˵ܽĲ˼ˣֻһƫƫòˣ߬˵ʲôҲԸó
ĵһزūӣǵŭ֪ҲҪģܸҿʲô˼Ȼˡ
һĶӣһߴУ磬ҳ͵õôһָĪļģֲֵǮʲôÿģ˵ˣôмĶҿҪŸҽϱģ˼ϱȥ
Ĳ˼ЦЩһϱ֪ĸĸأͿʼ׼ˣ˵һڵۣδϱ͵ôһģֵżǧǮָõó֣
˭֪һԶԶأˣ˵ϴҶûôҲĳЩһֻмֵǵ鱦ʰ۹ߣǲĴϴ۹߲ϡͨǼʲôУҪʲôõóءڿǰңҪʲôʲôûа
ӣҪʲô˵ҡĲ˼һߣһЦ
һ·˵˵ЦЦôȻһ뱦ɽֶأܵ˵ҶһûʲôȻ˸Ӹˡ
һӪرңңһߵɳ𣬷ȥӪؾڲһĵط
ֻǼԭΪһ˲ˣһĳȥ
ӪһƬǽ壬Ǳɨһ㣬ʮͷգѾһȺڵ㣬ת֮ʧããĻɳ֮䡣
ӪǱʲô˸ˣ
Ӵһ̱˵ϡ
һȿ
˼Ĳ˼һײײģӪء
ܽκܺҲɫ࣬ŭĶʧ˵ķ
˵ƬɳĮ˵ģôͻȻðһ˰Щոء
Ҫ֪ӪأǸջƥҪһʱ䣬ҪͽȥҪ˵죬Ҳ޷ִ
ңûգܲҵ˸˵
˽ӪأһۿģĲ˼ɣ˽§һ˾ǾֲѵĿš
һߣ˵ϣڵϣؿһĿӣðѪ
ΰȴӪرϣһ˫ȭͷһŭʧĲѵĿʧķ
ɣһۿʱſĲ˼һе򡭡򡭡һ˽Ļ
ﶼðܵһһ߰ɣ꣬һ˵꣬£¡
ɣһ߿һ˵򡭡ǡʲô˵ֶ࡭ǵĶܡҸĲ˼Բ𣬽򡭡ҡҵסǡ
Ͻÿɣ·ɣıϣȻĵһ߶೤˺ۣñӻ߹ӳģ첲Ҳϡ
϶ɣƴֹһ˷һпսֻɣСֹѲڣ±ӡ
ðŻ⣬˵ǲǵʲôˣ
ɣĨһᣬ˵ǶһЩͨˣ϶һֱǣҼǵúһӣҡҸĲ˼
ʱӣ˹һ§ɣۣ꣬Ŵסʵꡭꡭû°ɣ˵ĸ˵ĸ˵ɵģȥץĽƤ
һתͷΰվǱߣֲɰһайΰϣΰ˵ץסǰǿҲͰˣ㻹ǰǿ꣬Ҹ㣬ǻⱲӶûꡭ
ΰһ˫ۣŭӣ˵̫֣û꣬һǼûأֵķ
ӱһŭЩͷһƿɣ꣬ҧгݵ˹ȥ
Ĳ˼ˣӶȥǣɣ걻ˣӿɾ̲ˣӣΰԼҪܾã˵ǷģֻãҲԹƫƫΰҲֳӶûô
ΰһڵصĲ˼һˣǸӣΣ֮ʣ²ܶļ˶ɣ걻ñˣһӻӣΰ˭ȥ
֮䣬ӱ˵˷Ϊǰŷΰţ͡һȭ˹ȥ
ΰܲұϱһȭУ̱һ顣
ӵĶҲ˷ΰһţߵˡ
סΣһȭͷ˹˵Ĳ˼һˡУ硱һȭڷΰҼϣ÷ΰһ
ΰҲ˵ã΢һվӣһʹһɨȣֱӽӷŵڵأ漴˵ϣ׼һᡣ
æ֮Уһȭڷΰؿϣ÷ΰ˳ȥһʱҲһ˵ΰϣײȭͷһ£Ҳڷΰʲôط
ΰסԴϵҪҲƴķ˶ʱŤһţʹŹԷ
ŷΰŤһֻɣ֣俴ţȲǰæҲǰֹ
Ĳ˼§žֲѵĲ˼ҲĿӸΰˣɫǻŹ
ܽĪĽ飬ȻؼʱܽˣŷΰһܽȴǸɵˣϣһߣ±κܺǰΪ˿ڡͿĨҩӸΰ˵ĻŹҲӶ
һα׾ʤȷΰ󣬷ΰȴֺݣȫϵҪλ֣ûʲôȴǷΰΪ㡣
ʹǻϵҪҲֻ΢΢һ£˵ʱͷϣҪλΰУҲҧо̫ʹ˷ΰͷһᡣ
һ˵ͷŹͷһ㣬Ȼǲ֪ࡣ
Ҳ֪˶ã˾һڵϣͻȻ֮䣬ӡĴһյģҧƨɡ
ӻû꣬ſ죬ҲǷΰĸλֱһҧȥ
ΰһҽУҧӵƨɵҲſˣҲ֪ôһƿӣ漴һַɲһָӣҽ˵㡭ҧӡ
˵꣬ΰԴһֱʹ˹ȥ
ӡޡһµﻹմżëƲٺЦյģΪӲһСֵװë򡭡
˵ţӴӵҡҡλε򷽼ΰҪʹˮ
ֻӻû˵ΰϣĲ˼˻Ĳ˼Ļ˹ӵһ˫ţеӣ㲻ܴˡˡ㲻ܴˡӣ㡭Źɡ
ӱĲ˼˫ȣҲŲӣ屧ԼĲ˼ʱӶĲ˼ȵĲС㣬֪˵ôãʲôӵģʡʡĲС㡭˵
ֻ˵ʲôĲ˼ҲϷֻ֣һһѱģһİӣҪӷŷΰһ


424 
Ҳȥˣȵˣӡ
ĺ΢΢һһһйʱ̱ڵϡ
˵ʵǰܣӴûһδˬ죬ҲûһβʹŵǿһйҲҲվˡ
ʱĲ˼̵ߵĲ˼ǰĲ˼ԶԶ뿪ˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳм˺ۣЩ˹ʱ򣬶ɣĲ˼ϣĲ˼ס˴󲿷ֵı̢͹ԣĲ˼ϵˣҪ΢öࡣ
ɫóõҩݸĲ˼磬ô˵Ĳ˼׸ǴһԤҪչ˵ģˣĲ˼ķϣóҩóˡ
ǱߣܽκܺľΣҲǿһؿǵ˺ۣǱ˿ģ˿Ȼֲû˼ͷ
ܽҲйЧáֹѪ˵Ľҩǿȶ
ȻҪչӣ˴񣬽ӷ棬ԭڲȥֻһãȻͿĨҩ
һķΰҲûȥһۡ
ӷ棬һߺߺʹУһ˵ʹˡ硭㶼ȥˡ̵ģ磬һҿǿˣҵٶռȥ
ʹǺЦղѣûĺǳӣһʲôҿռҪǿ㱻ûһ㣬Ҳ㡭
ɣһԣһᣬһ̲סЦ
˸ͿĸĨĶˣɣ˵ոյ顣
ʱΰ˻ûӪʹ߰˸һ⣬һʼɣĲ˼˻ΪҲֻͨģɳĮοͣ߰˸ûûȵӦкüˡ
ɣ͸Ĳ˼ʳˮǼ⡣
ⲻ֪ǼԱ֮󣬾͸Ĳ˼ɣ˴ûйĹ顣
ɣĲ˼˶Ǵһһ˶Ǳй͵ģɣż֮侹ȻЩһﶼǹҲ˵һȺһӦһװĹķͽ
һװĹķͽɣȻûʲôõɫ˵ʲôҲװŲ֪˸һ֪
ͷǸӣҲǶִĲ˼ɣˣͻȻͷɣһٶ򣬻ҪĲ˼
ǰΰ˵ļʱֳһ˼ף˼ǹѴһָһܣѰˣȻӪѹһӪ΢һĶˡ
и½ֱӼɣǼɵ˵ϲ⼸ɳĮﲻסܽʡӵܿЩʹԣŷŹӪĸˡ
ſڵϣȭͷסŵ棬̵ģﹷյǺݶޱȣĹҲˣɱ˷Ż°ӵҲҪɣǿ벻̣гһ䵽үҵҪǳ
Ҳһǻŭ𣬺޲̾ȥһˣӪеĲȫһɶĸԱòúõ侲һߵӵ˻ָƣһϸñļƻ
ʱƵĲ˼ҩǰʱӸ죬Ҫ˵ʲôģȴû˵ڣȴǷŭĵһۡ
Ĳ˼ͷҲصߵڵϵķΰߣһ˫ֻɲķΰͿĨҩࡣ
ҡͷѣҲ֪Ĳ˼ĸ񾭶·ˣǷΰѾﵽԸӵĵزĲ˼һУƺάⷽΰ
Ĳ˼ҲǴĲ˼֪Ӫ﷢飬һ˫۾ðܻ棬һһ仰Ҫǡ
ԥĵ˵ͷ˵ṩһ˺֪һЩʲôû׼ǳĹģֻҪݴͣȡĶһ򾡡
ſڵϣʵ磬ôܶ϶һ쵰ǳģ
Ϊһ˲û˺ǣ˵ǵôಹտԿٻԣֻҪԶǵľٶͳˣһʲôٶ׷Ҳ׾ٵ顣
ô˵һ˾Բ֮ˣϵġ
Ĳ˼ķҲһͬһô֪Ĺģһôȷļ㣬еˡ
˶˵鵽ʲôӵģܹиģ£ǾֻܴһһݴͣΪô
ʵţӡɣꡢΰ϶ˣжΪ㣬ûпԴĹߣҪߣҲ߲ˡ
˼֮⣬ʲôȥԴҲûˣԼ˵ҲǾ
뵽⣬ܶļ´Ȼһ˶㵽һߣȡĿȪˮɡԼʳַˡ
ȻЩʳȥݸĲ˼ʱĲ˼ýݹʳֱӵ˵ϡ
óĲ˼ͬ˵⣬Ҳܲġʩᡱ
ҡͷ̾Ϣһ˱ĿȪˮʳصԼ
ʳӡߺߡЦһ󣬶˵磬ⲻûȤôΰЩòȥϧ˵ôһʳ㶼óˣʱ˻УҲδػϧ㡣
̾Ϣһô˵Ĳ˼ǴԤƺҪе鷳˵ϴĲ˼ϵҲܲܿĲ˼и̡
ڷΰҲûҪȥ̫ܵ࣬Ҳһ֮⣬ΪҲΪ˲ݣǻȥˡ
˵ţĲ˼ȴ˽ߵǰ˵
ʲôĪʵ
ˮʳĲ˼˵
԰ſ̺ϣеǸողǲҪôôҪˣ
ղҲҪû˵ΰͲҪĲ˼ֱ׳˵
ʲôʵ
Ĳ˼Ǻ˺һ˵ҲҪҲϡǵʩᣬӴ˼ΰǸʲôҾͲҪˣ⳥ΰҽҩãҽҩãʳˮ֣
ֲĲ˼ֱ׳ģԭ
ֻſ̺ϴеǿʶϵأҵҽҩ˭ҪȥӴˡ
΢һǰĲ˼ӵ˵ʳˮ˳͵Ĳ˼ǰ˵˼ΰô˵İɣȥǵĲĸɾȴԼĲţߺߣ⣬еĶǵһ룬ʱпҪҪ
Ĳ˼һ漴ŭǷʲôǳ˶ԸһˣʲôӢۺú
ſڵϣֲסȭͷŵ棬еǿʶˣӴʹˡ
ȴ˵˼ˣ˴ʲôӢۺúңΰһΪĿģֶΣôҲ֮֮һ仰סˣΰҪȥһ㵽ף
Ĳ˼סˮϵʳˮȻŤͷߣһߣһ߷߷ߵ˵˽Сû
ſڵϣŭţûһ䣺ȥ̵ġ
̾һҪȥû뵽ȴĲ˼˸


425 ϵĹ
Ĳ˼Ҫȥһ£Էһ˾ĶֺǵӪˣ˵Ĳ˼ɣһﶼǹʱǹս϶⣬ǣĲ˼֧AKȴĲ˼Ūˡ
ԣĲ˼һ£ڸô죬پǻпõûС
һΣڣûʲôˣҲֻмףҪȥ飬Ҳ룬Ҳٽֻȥ죬ҪȥְǼ쵰ˡ
ҲΪǵһ䲻ɱǹԼֲڵĻҪˡ
˻ԲܣӡĲ˼İΣȴֲ֮ܲˡ
ƫƫ˵Уˣж㣬Ĳ˼Բ÷ΰˣˣԥ
ƫƫʱӲ֪ĸ񾭣е磬ӣǸӡӴʹ
֪ܽʲôʱѾռ棬һӴСӡܽ漴ת뿪
һܽҵκܺߴ˼䣬κܺ漴һԴе԰ôˣߣȥ㲻ҪģһҲá
Ƕ¡֡ǰ棬Ǹֱӷ˳Ȼ˶մ֣ȴ÷ΰС
ΰʲôûҪƫƫʹĻǵҪõǸӣǺжԷΰΪҪĶҲǼֵɹı
ô˵Ҳǳһ⣬㲻ҪģɽԣзҲԽ
ֻκܺô˵ôģû֪ˣҪǺǼֵɹıû׼κܺҲ뷽跨һԽҲ˵
ҪҪŪǺʲôֵж
ԣֻܽԼӴ׺˱һļϣȥҷΰ
ܽκܺ˻û߽ΰĲ˼硢һȳһյӣ׷
Ĳ˼ιˮιʳķΰ̧ͷһȺԼ˹֪̾鲻á
΢һ˼ΰƿĲ˼վЩֵĿˣͰ͵˵ǡǡҪʲô
ӲЦЦ˵٣ֻһ۾ͿҪʲô
ܽº͵˵С˲˵ֻӣҶûйҲпͣҪҲߣóôһۣ
κܺȴ˵֪ǺӶҪеɽԣзݣҲһ˶ˣ԰ɡ
Це˵磬ʵҲҪŪǺӵʲôıΪʲôôҪѣͲСˡ
Ĳ˼ȴǽضĲ˼һҲԸ˵
Ĳ˼վڷΰǰ˵Ҫʲôˣᰡ
ЦЦ˵ĲСӣ¶ǵϵ¶ϵ¶ҲֻһϵĹûϵ㻹ÿһЩ
ǸҡĲ˼ͷͦأĵӣ˵ҪǸҶΰһָͷҡҾ͸ƴ
˼ÿΰѺóǿĲ˼ĺǳһ
ȷͬ˵ǵϵ飬ǴһŬõֵģΰҪǲóٲôҿµʱͲֻǰϵĹô򵥡
һã˳ӣǶģû׼˷ΰпܡ
Ĳ˼ҪĲ˼ÿҪΰǺóôҿ֪浽ʲôⱾ÷ΰһ£ñлɳˡ
Ǻʲô䣬ܵ˵ֻҪǰչ죬ͲֺǶŹ
ǷΰִԲ򣬼óֻˣʱǷʲôĲ˼Ҫܡ
ϵĹأ˭չأǾϵΪС
ϧǣĲ˼һƬģĲ˼ȴĵ¿ηΡ
Ĳ˼硭Ĳ˼е㻹ҽأƽô˵ģʲôģһȺĹۣͬҸΰ޸֮ˣĲ˼簲ʲôġ벻Ĳ˼ײ϶̶ȡ
ܽκܺ˶Ĳ˼˼ɣôĲ˼Ĳ˼׽㣬Ĳ˼ȴָòˣܽκܺҪֱӶ֣ҲûǸһǧֲõ
ҲΪ˼Ĳ˼Ĳ˼硪һϵܽκܺ˲ŲֱӶ֣ڣĲ˼Ĳ˼˺Ƥ󳳴֣жԣúܽκܺ˵⡣
룬ͲΪĲ˼վΰһȥֻҪֻ۱ֻۣǾºˡ
ԣĲ˼Ĳ˼Խ϶Խ󣬵ԽܽκܺˣͲǽֱӸһܲźأĻͿԻˮˡ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ڲ̤ǰһץסĲ˼һֻһ̧žһĲ˼һӡ
һɲǼ䣬Ĳ˼һŰ΢޵㡭ҡҡС󣬰ְ趼ûңҡȻҡ
㵽ܹܲһĲ˼翴ź޵Ĳ˼ŭѡ
򡭡ҰɡҲˡĲ˼ţץĲ˼ˣ
ܽκܺһۣ漴תͷȥû뵽ȻͬԤһ㣬ͷ۾ʲôҲûһ㣬һһȳһգתȥȰȥˡ
ʱڷˮĽ࣬ܽκܺ㻹ס
£ܽ΢΢һЦԷΰ˵ҵֻ֤һۣһ㣬СĻҲòΪСҪ̡
ɻ飬Ǿǵõ֮һ˶̣ɱ㣬Դ£ڣΰóʱʲôǲ˵
ȷΰ˵κ̤ܺǰһץסΰȵҪ̣ߺߡʹˡ
κܺһʹΰʱɱһ㺿
ʵκܺҲʲô书ǿ֮ץŷΰһҲûΰӴһܣͬҲǱˣͿĨҩ֮󣬲ȥãһǿɱȵʱʱҪʹϺü
ԣʹκܺһ󣬷ΰʹòҺ
Ĳ˼ΰҺһӻĲ˼磬һ˵κܺߣһ˻ޣһ߽еҪɱǰɡɱҰɡ
κܺôõǸӣȥȥĲ˼һĲ˼ţκܺҲֻпЦһ£κ
ܽĲ˼κܺϷſȴûǰץסΰϰһЩȻ˵С㻹ʶȤһҪִԲֻֻͨĶҲᶯ֡
ΰʹñᶼȴ˵Ǻ治ʲôֵǮĶǾȥҲǷĲֵ


426 
ǺǡܽЦ˵ŷС˵ĻҲۿ֤ʵһ£԰ɡ
˵ŷΰȴҪΰó֤ʵһ£šִӺ̸
ΰʹеķĲֵΪʲôҡӴ㡭㡭
ܽʹʹϲСİΰʹ˹ȥ
ֻܽǵʢӣƽַֻ÷ǳ֮׼÷ΰʹ裬ȴֲһӻȥܽȻ׾ٵõ
ܽŶʹķΰЦ㣬ҲҪóŵ֤ǲǣֻ˵Ĳֲֵøǿ˵ùȥ˵Ǻֵʮʮڣÿһ˶ֵܹüڣʲô֤˵ֱôǮ
ΰǿһ£ϧǸܽƿأֻ˵үӡǷڵϡҲǡҲжرгرˣҡաձضʮ
ӺٺٵЦ˵ǺһĲֵ֤ݣ
ܽҲŭ˵С˵ҪвôߺߡһĶȴһҪ̣ߺߡҵҪôܰյϵĹͣߺߡҪôİģ㾡óǡ
в⼸˰Ҳ𣬷ΰЩĴе˵ķĲֵΪǸӡǸӡûҵϡ
һһֺħǸֲҪصһҲһߣŲסκܺĲ˼Ц˵
κܺ˼ɣҶĲ˼ôòװĲ˼ľһĲ˼˵ĲС㣬ǺôҲ御λĲСҪĻߺߡĲС㣬ͿŰɡ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ŭʹϧңؼ̬ȣʱʲô̬ȣҲ˵˶ԷΰĲ˼Ҫôȫ֮
Ĳ˼ȻԲĲ˼϶ĿҲԲֱӾͱñ˶Ĳ˼κܺƴضĲ˼̣ӸˣҪ᲻صĶĲ˼һֽţҲò׷ǡ
οҲܽһԷΰṆ̀ԣĲ˼ģʵһŭ顣
ƫƫʱĲ˼ǲģһ˵ܽϣһߴޣһߴеǡǼˣ֪ûл֮СӣҸǣȥ֮һǡ
һӢ壬벻㾹Ȼֻһ˽ĵСҾ㣬ֻҪڣΰʱһʮ
ӣҲĲ˼һۣĲ˼ġ桱Ҳһ£⵹˼ԼĲ˼硢ĲҵĹϵʵĲ˼ãҪΪĲҵ˶̫£Ĳ˼ֲʵ㽣ΪΪ
ܵ˺֮£ĲĲ˼ĳһͷ
ԣκܺܽҪôԴĲ˼ҲǣֻҪܽκܺڶԴĲ˼ʱ򣬲ҪֵʧֻԹۡ
ͲԼĲ˼һҲ֪ʲôطһСһ֣ԼĺĲ˼˵ááҵ׽㣬Ҫõͬѧ֮ϰңǾͿɡ
˼Ĳ˼һеµӡ
ǿתӣĿĲ˼˵ƣҲֹүǰذ£УĲ˼顣
һĲ˼Ҫַΰ飬ǻΪĲ˼ΪԾϵĹ˵˵Ĺϵ˵ĲҲϵĹأ汨ĲҪԵģԲֻʵҪĲһǿܽһʵĲһҪǿܽĲҵĶͷֻô
ԣĲ˼ôʵҪĲұƵһ㣬֪Ĳ˼ǹҪɣĲ֪ĺ
̬ȣĲ˼һþСϵƤѩ׵Ĳ϶ʱðһ޵Ѫ졣
һҡҡͷ˵˼ƣôɱˣɣΰأǺǡ
λץһĵݣʹе˼áǿ
Ĳ˼תͷȻ˷ΰһۣ˵ãֻҪˣҰְ֡壬;ԲŹһȺˡΰˡ
˵ţþҪӲԼĲӣֻǵӻûȥ֣ȴͻȻַ˳ȥ
Ĳ˼˼Ĳ˼ҪѰλӲֻһ˲֮䣬Ĳ˼һ붯֡
ֻ죬һ֣Ĳ˼ŵӶŲӵ֣һֱӴĲ˼϶˵ӣˢ˳ȥ
ʱĲ˼˵Ĳ˼ߣһѱסĲ˼һӵ˵ϡ
Ĳ˼ϵĵӶˣӿ漴վһߣҲĲ˼Ĳ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼籧Ĳ˼ڵϴ˸漴վ˿Ĳ˼Ҳû˵ӣһҧĲ˼Լȥ
ΣĲ˼ҲҲѣΰȻܶ˵Ĳ˼һͨﲻܲˣ˵ΰһֱֻĲ˼ҵڣĲ˼Ǳ¶š
ȻΰĲŲСĹϵȴĲ˼ĺѣҲĲ˼Ϊʲôôһеȥάΰ˲ϧΪ۵ز
Ĳ˼ȥĺĲ˼øԣĲ˼ΨһģǴĲ˼뿪ֳԼֱΰҲܷΰ䵽ʲôĵز
ڴӴ֮뷽һʹ˶ϾϵĲ˼ȴֻ֮֮ΰûκιϵĲҲ鷳
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼뿪ΰɱһĴ˼˼ȾҡȾҰ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼һߣܽκܺ˸ǷĲ˼ľ˱೸⣬ΰһ򲻺ֻͣҪŪΰҲͲ˵֡
ܽκܺĴ󵨵ģΰ˵ϣȻڷΰһͨѣòڷΰĿǸ˳
ʱܽκܺ˲ŷſΰ˺ӣߵ뷽ΰԶĵطӷڵϣʾҲǰذ£Ȼתͷкȥӡ
ƨƨߵģߵܽߣٺЦôһƺóʲô鶼ûˣҪҪô
Ҳ˿ϵĺӣȴû˵֡
κܺ˸߲ң˵򿪿浽ʲô
ܽȴ˵ţȥе˶йôҶۿţ˵ǲչ¡
κܺ˵ͷתȥҰĲ˼˹ҪڴĿÿӡ


427 
Ĳ˼һҪģĲ˼ϣĲ˼磬һ˿꣬ȥһﻵ˵ô귽ΰġ
Ĳ˼ֲĲ˼ҲֻôӦȥǸĶǲǺֵǮܽǶ˵ԲҪһְģһϣĲ˼Ҳܼලһܽϣܽ˵Ļܹ
ȫΰһ棬ҲĲ˼һӡ
˶ˣܽ˵ڴҶˣҲͲ˵ϵĻĶֵһϣ޷ƣǾɷСһǮǲңֵ£ǴҶᣬֵһӣСֵΪΡ
ֵһϵĻҲֵܷǧ򣬵Ȼֵһһ˷ֲôǮҲûбظɸһ
˵⼸˵УҲһвܽô˵ǺϺ˰κܺӡɣ棬ְѰչؼ߸
ЦЦܽǲС鷳Ҳ󣬼ʹĶֵֻǧ˵˵ҲҪվһʣֹˡ
Ҳû룬ֻǵ˵ȻүôҲ˵һҪʮǮǾҺˡ
ڳ˵УܽʱˣֵǧһֲȡκܺŲҪǮκܹܺڣҲѲס
ڰҪҪǮҲûʲôҪǷıѶüҪǺֵܹõļҪ̷ѣֱһӣû׼ǷµıҲýˣĻ׬öЩɣꡢĲ˼硢ˣǼֵ٣ǶҪġ
ˣһܹչؼܽߵȴһҲΪѵľ͸⡣
˵׵ˣܽ˵ȻˣǾͿӰɣ˭Ըӣ
ܽôʣͬҲŹ£Щܴӣڡءǰ£ʱˣԼ˽ˡָκܺˣǶˣǻûļ
ȴһҡͷ˵һ֪ѿҪҴȥоʮ£ܹҵķҪܴ򿪣Ǻǡ
һҲǺǺǵЦҪøŪĻҾֻҿʯͷңȿʡ¡Ǻǡ
û˵꣬һӵƨϣһĺǳĳϣ㻹˵˵Ҵ㡭Ūʯͷҵģ
ӺЦЦٲ˵
Ҳֻ֪Ȥıʾڲƻӱ£Լû򿪣е˶û취򿪺ӣܽ΢΢ЦЦȻȻĵ򿪺ӵ
ӲҲߴ糤̣Ĵ߰šܴ֡󣬸š֡ʱ򣬼˿һһߴӣ˭ֻ֪ǡ֡˷˴㲻ġ
ǼΪϽ˿ľƣĻƷֻӣ˹ҲֵϼǧǮ
ûԵĻťЩذťҲͿͷСǲ֪ˣ׽ЩťǺ̵װΣѲܹܽܽƽصĸ֣ССĻȻֵ
ԣֻܽ΢˼ӣָڼذť˼£㷢ֻڵԭ࣬ťǵõġ
ԭܽİ˵ᳵ·죬΢˼飬ɣ漴ܽ㿪ʼ
ܽĹɣұߵһťϽ˺ü£漴ǵڶť
ΰȻʹҪǵʱҲٶ˵һ䣬һߺҲûС
ӼȻѾܽϣڴĿ֮£ʹΰֲԸڴ򿪣ʱҲɼ޿κΡ
ʱܽѾһť˶洫աһ΢죬Ǻɱˡ
ܽΪƽصĸֻ֣̣˰СʱԼ͵˵Сʱһ컹
ʱӵɱ򿪣е޲ĳһСʱΪ˲Ӱܽжϣе˼һǺҲԶСġ
ģˡӴ˼˵
ӣôԽԽûˣһھǴֻ˵
ӺǺǵЦЦͷһظҪ˵ģһظĵʹӡ˻һȻ˵ӺүǶүǶñֵʲôǴֺ⣬Ⱦƣٺ١
Ĳ˼ȴüͷ˵үӣôܴô
ܽĨһͷϵĺˮ΢΢˵ͷڣȷ־ܴˡ
ΰһԹĿżˣ죬ʼû˵֣ʽǿҪסӶҪֹ˼Ҵ򿪣ִӺ̸
ΪҪﻹصĻأܽӷŻ˵ϣȻôҶ㿪һЩһ򿪡
ͨ£ӵͷ򿪣Ӧ´ˣҲмΪĺӣͷ滹ⰲ˻ذǶڴͷ֮󣬾ΪֱܹӴ򿪣ⲻ֪Ļǡ˺Ļذ
ܽǵϸ֣ΣȻģ¸СĽҪӣȻҪķ
ļ뿪ԶٴνŵĶܽ
ܽҳӣӳͷϼװһļģĹߣȻ˷ϣĽ쵽ӱϣεĹ߲嵽ӵķ϶תӡ
Źӵתӵĸı漴ӵĸ͵һ漴ȫ򿪡
ӱһ̣˶ĿиӸ֮һɫĻ⣬һ㣬Щֻۣά˲һգۣ漴ʧ
ƣǺӵһգܽľĲ֮£Ҳȫƽ⿪
ӱȫ򿪣ĿڴĿ˺һͻȻ䡰žž˰ִеүӣ֣£ҲүӲʸܴĺӣƽĻء
һͨƣһͨƨģκܺɣ궼ϡϡһƣֲסĺȲʣʾܽա
ȲͣܽվǸ߰ЦЦȻ˵Ѿûˣһ浽ʲôɣ
е˶Ҫ飬ܽôһ˵˸߲ҵǰȥǺﵽʲôܹ÷ΰҪ̡
ֻǴҿ˺棬еȴһ˲֮ȫɫŹ
棬տҲʲôûУ
ȻʲôûУ
ֻһպӣ
֮󣬷ΰͻȻһһѪ˳Ҳ漴˹ȥĲ˼æȥΰһŷΰУһߴУΰΰ
Դ΢תÿһ˵ǲмв㣿
һˡOΣã˵϶мв㡭


428 ˭
κܺҡҡͷһɻ𣿲ᱻ˶ֽţ
ܽҡҡͷӦģĲ˵˿ľΪɵĵ񹤣ңǴ򿪺һɲǣðǵɫ⣬˵޻٣ûмв㣬ȴе˵
ҲôСڲռһĿȻֺȵĺӱڣײҲǲаֵĺȣҪ˵мв㣬ǿʵ̫Сˡ
ܽϸļһº棬ȷװģĺۼ£Ҳ˵Ķոձ߲á
ʱĲ˼Թ޵ĶͻȻ˵϶ֽšĶ
ûκܺ˶ɻĿתҪ˵ֽܶŵģȷڿܣϾȡ˳ġ
룬ֻǵЦЦ˵ǾпҶֽôҲã˾ǿһҵϣҵûʲô
ı⣬̹ȻҪϣκܺ˶ʱû˵ס
ӣıҲûУ᲻Ĳֽţ
ܽԭҲЩɻǲֽţϸĻһ֮󣬾ܣȡºӵʱ򣬼˶Ŀţңȡº֮󣬾ֱϣˤһӣҲѺ˳
Щ̣ҶĿŵģ˵ҪֽţǾͱҪʱ䣬ܽҲ˽Сʱȡºӣˤڵأӷ˳Ҳʮӵʱ䣬Ҫ򿪺ӣȡĶֻ췽ҹ̷
ܽôһ˵ҲϸĻһ£־ȷôʱȡߺĶ
Դӱʧ˳֮󣬲һգۼĹ򣬾䵽˷ΰУҪǱߣǿ϶ֻзΰˡ
ϸϸĻ˺һ˵ΰһʱΪңмҲʮӵ·̣˲ûһҲ˵пܵĻΰһʱӴ򿪣ȡĶȴſպŪˡ
ʱΰĵתһۣǷ˵ôǿյġôǿյġ
û߶䣬ȴһѪ
Ĳ˼ŷΰԴһߴһæҵ淽ΰϵѪ
Ĳ˼翴˵ʵʵңĶǲߵģ
΢΢Ƭ̣Ĳ˼˼ֻҡҡͷʲôҲ˵ֱӽԼ¡ӷɿҲֻʣһãϵӶ
漴ֶκܺ˵ҵıǸ鷳ȥùһһ¡
Ĳ˼û뵽˸ɴϣȻѹ·˵ȷʵ˺Ķ
ѵĳӣһµ·Ҳҡҡͷ·Ŀڴ˻мſƬʲôҲûС
ʱκܺҲı˳˵棬򿪱ֱӽĶ˳
Ķ˳Եģõģõ·֮⣬мףģͬûԡɵĶ
Ҳ˵ûд򿪹Ǻӡ
ǣְĿת򷽼ΰԴӺֵ䵽ΰ˵Ҳʮʱ䣬һ˵һߵģĶóˣֻ˭
ʱ򣬷ΰңѾԼ˵ʣ˿ҲǣֻһѪһ૵˵ôǿյġԣӦôǿյġƭ˴ҡ
Ĳ˼ҲǺָ֪˴ûģͼҶԼΰãݺΰġ
ҲǺЩɻ󣬼ȻĶոձ߲ã᲻ڼ˻֮ʣ˸͵
ô룬ȴ˵ֻһ˫۾Ĳͣת
Ĳ˼Ҳӵɻ󣬵ҡҡͷ˵ûǸܣǳ֮ǰǸӾѾ˷ΰ⣬ǸطʱһֱûĻԹȥһһҶǶŵģʲôľٶ
Ĳ˼綼ô˵ܽκܺȻģο̹ϵҲôҶˣϣǱûп쳣Ķ˵Ĳ˼˵ֻڶ̶̵ʮ֮Ҫʮ֮ڣӣҲ˫ض񶫵۾֣Ǹܡ
Ƿΰ˺֮󣬴Ӱʧʮӣ˵Ĵ򿪺ӣȡĶˣ˵оųϵļʡ
Ĳ˼ΰ˵ָֻǿЦҡҡͷҲķֱ棬һոձκܺڵϵ
Ůڳ¶壬ôҲòɡ
ֻܽˣĿŷΰΪֹҲֻ϶ĶȷǱΰˣ֮⣬ҲҲĽ͡
ΪѾɢҪʣҲʲˣĲ˼ػڷΰߣҪǿҲ˺Щ˼ɡ
ܽκܺ˶һۣ΢΢̾һҪ֪࣬ʱҲɣΰڼǰûдĹߣҲӲˣԺҲеǻ
ԣܽκܺ̾һ֮󣬸ĬĬػȥʰ
ʰϵ·ְκܺĶʰȻ˼׸Ĳ˼磬̾һ˵˼磬ӪİȫֻпˣҵȥҵһˣЩջҲŻл·
Ĳ˼ŽеļףĿ˺һ˵㡭һҪСһЩǾ
Ĳ˼ȴһߴеȥɣԶҪ
޿κε̾һҽеһЩԵģ˳ݸĲ˼磬ЩеĳԵģƼҲֻܼ죬֮Ҫǻܽߵûļ˿¶ֻ·һ
ɣ꿴Ĳ˼ʳҡҡͷ˵ȥЩʣҪĲ䣬΢̣ҲߵùȥҪû˲䣬ǴҶˡ
ɣԴЦЦ˵İ꣬ңҪҵԵʲôģʲô̫ѣǣֻҪһףҾͻģһģ顣
ҸȥɣͻȻǺ˵
ǺǡЦЦ˵꣬Ҫչ˺ԼҪչĲ㣬ӸҲҪչˣʵϣҪصöࡣ
һڨڨЦ磬Ҫһȥ
û˵ȥұ㻹㣿
ӺٺٵЦôУ
Ĳ˼ȴǿЦ˵ԼҲСһû֮ǰҾԲ뿪ġ
˵ţȴߵӣ
µľǿĲ˼ᣬ£ñͷҲصĳӪء
һ˴һգҲǸողûã϶ؿ߹ĺۼòȥʲôֱӾ׷˹ȥ


429 㹻ˮ
ֻû߼عͷĲ˼硢ӡɣ۰Ͱ͵ĿԼɵ̾һתͷĴһ
ӼվԭأĴɵúֵʵôˣ磬ôֲˡ
Ӫǰʮ׵һݵĵطȥ˵棬ҵ͵ĵطͷҿģȥһѡһطȻת֡
Ĳ˼ӵ˿֣ĸ˹ȥ
κܺܽҲݵĵطסǶٽţǲ鿴ܽʵʲôѵˮ
Ҳϣ˵ҸˮҲ࣬Ҳֻһģǣ֮һҲЩգǺΣգԣҪܹҵõˮĻ
̲סҡԴ˵СȰ㻹ʡЩɣĵش˵ֲܴУɳĮҲЩͷˣɴûܹһҵˮ
ȴ˵ȥðѲ
ɣȽڿ죬ɿܻӪأһңãκܺǸҵѱ漴ѲӣıĻصݵ
ɣùѱЦЦƣɣֱӴܽıõİɡ
ӹһѱϵ˵࣬漴ʼɳӣϵһӲȥ΢΢һˣһӵɳӡ
ڸտʼڵʱɳʮָִ׿ɳӣ̾ͱɳ
ΪȫɳӣҲرףһѾһһֱĿӣڣɳӺЩʪ
ʱɳӣطһʪֻǺͨҵһʪ⣬ܹ֤ɳӲɳѡ
Ǿʪ⣬ѾܹÿһӶܹɳӡ
ͷɲѣܽ̾һҲգҲڼ°ɡܲڳˮһģԼͷɣԼȴֻԹۣôҲ˵ȥ
ܽǴĸ֣룬͸ɵøӻӴ˿ӶֱҲʮֿ
һСʱʱ䣬˾ͽһҵȣȻɳӻֻּ΢ʪ⣬ܽԵľܸоһˬϢ
ΪܽͱȽϴЩһͶ̲סЩͣĨһͷϵĺˮ˵үӣ㻹ȥЪһɡ
ܽ治ͣɳӣκ󺣵Ҳ˼ɿţ£ܽӿӶ˳κܺԼȥ
һɳӱҲֱӲӶˣѲܽǰʱ߰ʮ׵ȣڳ׵ء
ܽ΢Ϣһ£漴ӡһͲӽͲĽϵΣһȻȥװɳӣȻֱӽ
Ȼɳӳǰ˲٣ȴҲΪЧټԽ£ܽܵļСӶֱҪɳҲ˺ܶࡣ
ֻһ׶ཫȵʱ򣬿ӶҲɲˣʱҲѾʼЩƣ
һʼڣ˵ҲСʱһ˿˵һֱͷɣʱȻҲҪϢһ¡
κܺ˵һܽ˱°վڰʹƬ̣㽫˳
һϵ棬ʱоǱӽ˻¯һ㣬ȵ˰ţǸоǴӿյֱӱ¶µ̫һһɲǼеĺǴŻһ㡣
ʱκܺˮˡˮˡ
ļ˲һĳˮˣ
ʵκܺ˵ˮˣˮˣֻڲɳӣʪȴ˲٣һɳӣֱܹһţҪγˮһ㣬ܹ׾ٵĸоõǹɱƢˬʪ⡣
Ҳɳ淢ָоһ󼤶֮£ͷӷ㣬ɾͷҲˡ
ô﷢ˮ˻Ļʹһ벻ֹܻĸ룡
κܺһ׶һȥɳѾڵˮˡ
΢ȴƬ̣ݵĵطʼһСˮʱκܺˮˮͱڳ
κܺȲһˮ͵ԣ˳ˮʣ漴ʧĴӴˮȲõġô졭
һˮôˮ
䣬Щʧˮȴû뵽ˮǲǰ׷ѹ
ܽȴЦЦ˵ˮͺã˵ֻҪˮĺ£ܾ
ӺٺٵĸЦ˵ˮȶܺȣܾү보˲ټôʲô˿ɳ
Ĳ˼翴ӣ˵ӣʵɳĮˮˮֻҪˮǾĿԻ˵ˮֻҪһ׵װãҪõʳˮֱȡˮ
װãˮʧ
κܺţˮˮͬŪˮԭʧһָֻһĵݴˮֱӿˣңˮӿٶȻһͽʮ׵ȣʱٳˮͺˣҲ˵ĵˮߵλãҲͲط
κܺ˵һ飬Ĳ˼룬ɣԼȥҶʢˮ˲ӣԱ߲Զĵطڳӣ׼װˮá
ڿһףʮֵİӳʱĲ˼ɣ˱
һγʲôģõģˮ͸֣ڰװˮԲ©ȥ
⣬ɣҲһˤЩǦƤͰԭιˮιϵģˮ
һæңһͰˮ˴˳һȺΧű峺ˮ鼤ѣÿ˶һȻܺȥϴˬ
ֱһͰˮ˷ѵĲˣֵùˡ
κܺ˳Ȼ󼸸ϴˮˮ㵹Ǹ
ʱһӾװˣʱܽٴŪһֱӽˮ档
ʱ̫ȶȺܸߣɳĮﱾʮʮȶȵĸ£ˮӸ֮ˮµ¶˲Ǹ˽ʮȣ£ˮܿ쿪ʼˮǵϣˮһŽһŵʹ䡣
ɣ˸߲ҵյĿȪˮƿƿڶ׼ˮΣˮξƿ棬ԽԽԽԽ졣
һƿˮװˣɣȲͷһڣˮȴµģôúȡ


430 ڹ1
ӺٺٵЦţɣƿȪˮ˹ȥȻϵסƿְƿӷŻصƿӽڱĵˮУһٴν⿪ӣְƿӻɣꡣ
ɣһӹƿӣʱеѽءǸմӱóġ
꣬һˮǹɱʱһֱθǹɱĴ̼£ϵÿһë׶ʱſˬûݡ
ÿ˶һƿǸոձˮÿ˶ǹɱֱ̼Ǹ˷ܺͼĳ棬˸ж
ãӲŹĿʵ磬ô֪ˮģд˵е͸ۣ
ЦЦȴû˵͸ͷصǸ㻹ǵãֲԶҲǹţȻôº˵ҵˮ͸ӣǵӾ翴˰ɡ
ܽ˼ͬʱһǸº󣬶ңˮλӦñȸոڳӵײҪһЩҵˮҲӦȻˡ
ֻȻû뵽֮ǰȴûһȥ룬Լ˿·ϵġӡֱӷ񶨹ܹҵóˮģ
룬ҲôһԼҲȥһӣҪֱӴǸȥȡˮǲ࣬αҪôľôһӣ
ôһ˵ʱز
ǸԶͲ˵ˣȥȡˮΣԱ˶٣ǿԼԹģһãֱӾͻᱻɳʯԶû档
΢һ󣬼ȪˮƿӵˣܽװˮǦƤͰеĿȪˮƿװһȻŵȥ¡
ٵˮˮװˮűá
ھװãõˮϲȱһݳһ¡
˵ҪݳޡһµģȻһ˵ö춼ûܺúõϴˣеˮոպϴ衣
ҪϴҲܼ򵥣һӶҿ棬Ȼˮڿ棬ˣң¶ôߣݸѵˮ衣
һ˵ɾ͸ɣɣ꣬˸ӣ񣬴ˮַһ㡣
ʱȴģ˳߹ĺۼ˷ٶˮҲû̫ôؼҪҵʳգҪȻһˮûԼĻʳԼˮˣοڵʳҲͽֻˣңгʳˮҪ濿˹ˣֻܴʳˮþһܴˣ·ĻҲüһ仰뿪ǲеģ
ֻոշһɳ𣬾˴Уȵҡȵҡ
û뵽׷ɣ꣡
üͷɣ߽ʵʲôȥ
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ɣüͷ˵ǸĲ˼ᣬû¶ţֵֿģһҲ徲ҸŽһ𣬾ʲôΣգҲûô
ǡ֪Ĳ˼ɣУԭһǺܻӭˣһܻܲӭĴһ𣬵ȷǱŤ
ĬƬ̣˵꣬һ˳ȥܻܿᷢ벻ΣգȷҪһȥ
ɣϽһͦظ˵ģҾġ
̾һ˵߰ɡ
£ɣһ·˳µ㼣ǰߣһЩӹɣǵ˵
ʲôĿģǵĶľţԼصһ棬˵ˮͨߣ͵ڸ˽𣬲Ǿ̫ˣ
ǹϵڣҲ˵ĴҪƾԼб»壬ԼϵҲܹúõĽѵһ٣ڶ޸֮ɣ꣬ͲܲԼµļƻ
ɣǸϲߵˣȥһǹķͽ̣治һ£ԣֻһߣһƻ
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֪䣬̫ɽҹĻٵʱڣһطɣóʳˮúõسһЩ漴ϢһСʱȻٲų
ҹɳĮߣǺܰȫΪܶĵطɳɳݡԼɳЩطǼΣյĵط⣬ɳĮ棬Ϊ̫ȣܶĶҲֻϳʳɸҹеΣճ̶ȡ
Ҳԣٵȥܺãҹʣ¶Ȳߣʺ߲˵һ΢һЩ㼣̾ͻʧӰ٣еµ顣
һûټⷽԲǧĴɳĮȥҵõһɶˡ
ԣҲҵ̫ãϢҪ̳
ɣȻۣԲ˵ߣɣԥվ
ˣ˴ϣҲоƣٴͣ
һͣɣֱӾ͵ڵϣ˯˹ȥʹĴǬóһЩóԵģúȵģԼһ˯˯Źȥɣ˯ְѳԵĺȵģɣߡ
һа׵ֿɣ궼ڴˣŴǬóһĽв
вʵǸŮӵĺĶҲǴһֱڲ²⣬ﲻɵǼ
ʱŻŵκܺװˡ֡û֡Ϊ̻ҽҲǵϵı±ʱһ˫ȴǳ˲СĿԣ·ʱ򣬾ԵúЩǡ
΢ָ֮󣬷ŮŵĺѾֿɵã±⣬ⶫǷΰĻҪõĶʱ򣬾Ȼѹľõ֡
ʱҲǵһ⣬ǾĶ쳣Լһõ֣Ʊػܽκܺ˵Ŀӣôⶼһ¡
ԣ˼ȥΨһİ취ֻԼȶ̣ʡú鷳
˵Ҳɣõ֮ʱŷ֣Ǻԭǳŵģϲѣֱӱ˺аŽǬȻϺӣֻһת˲֮䣬뵽һõķϴԼ̡ɣǾֱӽպӳܵʱ˭Լ׾ٵ⣬ԣˤһӡ


431 ڹ2
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ԴõвҲһֱûϸĿ浽װŵʲôʱûбԣɣѾ˯˹ȥҲҪ÷ΰģǼʲôĶ
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ֵǣвҲֵֻ飬ĶֵܻҪһЩЩˡ
˵ǸŮӵеĽƱֵǵĶǸŮȴһҲȡƫƫаļֵĶ
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ĪǣⲻǷΰĶ
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Ӧ˯Źȥ֮˷磬߹ĺۼûˡ
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ֻɣҪǰһΣܲ֡
룬ʵǰߣҲĲ˼ǱߣʳˮޱȣֻҪǼһ΢ϸһӦþܹ֣иطһЩʳԼǵģ˵Ҳܼ죬һڡ
ôʱ䣬Լɣ˾Ҳһ˱ҲпҵɳĮˣʱȥԮĲ˼ǣҲ١
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˵ͷϣ˼ɳĮﴩУż֮䣬ɣ귢ǰһƺЩæе򡭡㿴
˳ɣָķ򿴹ȥǴȻЩµĺۼչĻѣӵĿȪˮƿʳֽʲôģɫɢһƬ
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Щɥô죬ûҵһˡ
ҵˣһȴеϲ¸ϽЩոĺۼһ·׷˹ȥ
һΣа󣬼Ǳһһ·׷ɣ˸ոһɳ𣬱ϲط֣ĸƥգոյɳ¡
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ĸ̾ͷڽкתգתͷ߹
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ѩҲǳԾĿʵôĲء
Ҳû뵽طѩѵʵôǣʲô
˼ѩʶһЦеգóˮҪݸɣˡ
ˮ棬Ҳˣ΢һˮ΢΢ĺһڣˮˮйɺŵζƣװˮװ˺ܶˡ
ѩش𣬵ָָˮĴӣһϵˣЦЦ˵ӦûǵģǴοȥλ
ָָһձñЩݣʮĺӣ˵λǵ򵼣š
ӸϵǸˣȻǼǵõģҲһһβ˵ģô᲻ǵãҲΪһݺݵŹûȿڴк
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ŪǮѩȻ˵Цˣһʱ䣬ŪĶСѩҪƸϡҲûпܡ
˶գһȦٺٵЦЦ˵ˣ


432 
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ֻҲȥѩİϷ´򿪱ȡƿȪˮһЩʳָˡ
ѩϲѣһƿˮûȹˣҪ˵װţ⣬ûˮôԵȥ
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ŵ˵ͷǧϵһ׬ˡ
ʱžҲѩˣǮģҸ˸λˣȻ͵Ȱ顣
ѩʱҲԼҪ飬޳ȥ飬ϾĲ˼ǱߵȴŵģҲǼҪõԮ
׵ѩɣ깲һͷգŸӲ󣬾͸һͷա
˾Լգתͷ񱤳
һ·ϣѩ񡱵ЦͣҲһеĿ˵˳ԭѩȷ͵͵ܳģҪɽȥһطѩյϣǼҿҪȥҵĶ
ͭһ֪ǵɳĮңѾǰˣѩͭǣֻᱻ׷ңֲ֪ʲôʱŻصͭǣǣһݣĲԶɽʮǮԼʤɽһͬǰѰ
ֻû뵽򵼣ɳĮε˺ü죬ҲûҵˣҪɣһ˻治֪Ҫҵʲôʱ
ԭרҵġ̲סЩʧ
ǰѩЦû֦Ҳ˵㻹ǷһһΣû˰ɡ


433 ͬ
ǷѩĶǾϵİˣǼöϣɹεΣѩҪҪȥ᲻á
ѩǰɣ꿴üģתͷʵС㣬ҽǷʲôǮֵǮĶ
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ֻһʱðָŰƿڴӣ㲻Ҫҡײƭƫ㶼Щʲô
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װװˣúȵĺˣֱӰǿھˣʱ򣬻ҪŪһЩʯʲôģãը棬̵ģҪġ
ˮʱʵ᲻ˣˮԼ⼸˵Żܷοͣôˣǿϧˡ
ȴ˵ˣҪǲˮһܵõˮǵõˮǾǰԼһء
ţȻҲͲңĲ˼Ҫף˱ףˮ
ˮĲ˼硢ӡɣꡢκܺܽѩ˵İ£ȫ
Ĳ˼κ֮ѩֽʣʴɰԶװ˲ٵĶһԻһ˵ġ
Щѩŵһ£һǹǺģܵҪһȫ߲֮УҪȻѵǣ̵ǿɾʹĲˡ
ѩЦЦ˵ԻˣܹõģҪƷǣҪ֡
ҳ֡һӾð亹ԼͽȥһȺǹĴͽ
ѩЦһ˵Ǹȥ񡭡Ҫȥ


434 ϷĿʼ
ѩȥȻ룬ȻѩֱҪãѩծծȥҲ˵ȥĸо
ɽʤҲҪһսѩãӪĲ˼һֻЩ֮⣬˶ֻаķݶһܹһҪˡ
ɽʤҲڲڵģҪһʱκ֮£ҪӹķԸ
ѩǹɽʤġ
룬ѩҲ֪ǹֵ֮£ǿ֧ȥҲֻԼҪԼȥͷҲȻ顣
ˣѩǣΪѩ֮и˵ܡµܣ
̾һʰһ±Ҫװʹ׼
ѩȴ˵ôҡڵĳȥҪȻЩ˾ͻ˷
㵽Ҫô̲סûʵ
ѩһߣЦЦ˵ҹƵûһӦò̫Զιúܺãһһƶǵļ֮£ôģĳȥһǸовһҪȫԸľ㣬𣿡
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һǣ̫ûˣĸǳԣһĵĽӽһ߰š
ڰ֮Уһ䶯棬Ϣӽˡ
ʱͷǸӣ˵ȻӢ˵ǵĽ̸ҲöһЩ
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ܿˡ˵ô졭ɳ֮У˴ʵ
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ԼǸС΢ԥһ£ջóһذףżƥյӡ
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ܿڵϣ˺һ˵ô죬ŷɳȥ񱤣ٺ٣еǲ
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ܿҲ˵ҹƣѾõ˱أΪɳϾҪ̻ȥˣ˵ǻܵȥô
ΪЩƱŮˣǻʲôءѷû׼ȷ籩һͣǾҪˡ
ü˶ʱҲԣǲܵȥˡ
߰ɡȥǵĲƱװĹ
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ԭҪ͵͵ȸģЩѪӿ͵شӷɳг˳
һ֣Ĺӱ£漴һˣСһƬɳֱĿɿڴĽܿ˵ˡ
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˭Ҳû뵽ȴͻȻ֮һƬɳҪɳͷ˹üе˶æԱֻ̧ܵסͷ
˸ոջסͷûüһδ𣬵ڶѾ˵ɽ˼һͷһƵü۾
ӶĴ𣬽Ӷޱȵɳһʱ֮䣬üʲôҲǹˣҲֻܺҵĿ˼ǹȥ̸ʲô׼ͷڿҪⲫŹҲֻػסԴ۾
ʲô˭ҲóȻǰ


435 Ϸ
ĺ΢ͣЪ˸оûɵŷֱֻۣʱ򣬷ɳ֮УֻǿԼЩģģӰӣ
ӳ֣еʧڲʱ缲ȥ磬ͬףýܿ˵˽סĿ࣬˺һ󣬲Żع
ü˶ԽԽģıӰžžһǹһ֪ûʲôЧ
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ĺеĻҲҪϣڲ׷һգ˾·һ
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׷׷ֱͣɳͣڼǰ߰˰׵ľ룬첻Ĵգü˲סĿ񱼡
Ҳ棬벻׷
Ҳ֪׷˶ãţܿһͷԵ˵ϣ۵ģ
˵Уܿ˻ΪĽɫڲԵڵأüͱ϶Ѿ³ĭˣٶøɢ࣬˵׷˵ɢ
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ңǹΪӵһǺ۾ҧֱ˹
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Ȼڼ˲Ҫ˹ʱƥһһб˹
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ܿ˸ոջعѾڵϣŭ֮£ܿҲ
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ܿ˳׼ؿڣһȭ˹ȥ硱һĴؿϡ
ܿΪһȭ㲻ܰعǴѣҲɳȥֻû뵽عûϣҲûɳȥǽܿˣ̾͸оԼֱϣһ˺Ѱʹһ㴫ȫÿһ񾭡
ֻܿ΢΢ġŶһʱ̱ڵϡ


436 ˵֮еı
µĸ˼һգ֮䣬ŵˣһǹȥȴҿ۶ôľ룬ƫܴпܻ˵Լˡ
Ȼȴ˿ҲûҪһ˼һ۵Լǰһ֣Լǹ˹תǹ硱ԼԴɽһ¡
һ£ЩԼһҲֱͦͦĵڵϡ
ѷ뼸˱ȽԶԼߵ˱˺üȴû˱˵Ŀܣ¾ǹ㿪һǹ
һǹȻû׼ͷûܴҲһϽԱһתǹڣѷҲ۶һ°
ƹƹžžǹը죬ѷµˣæԴϡ
ȴû˹ȥ˿Ҳԥĸÿһȭ
һʱ֮䣬ֱذĿ̶á
ʰ꼸ˣ֣˵ǹеȫˣ˼£ʱضǱε
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ץץԴһʱ֮˵
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ֻܿǿһСڣҪˮݸˣüͷܿ˻ǽġ
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¶һľ⣬ȴ۰Ͱ͵ĿȪˮĿȪˮƿģһƿ㹻˺ϰ죬ڼѵ£֧һ춼⡣
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ܿ˼е˶ˮҲͷĴ󵨵غ
Ǳߣеˮʹ㹻ˮԣŻ᲻ü˺ȸ
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żһֱ¥ΪݵĵطԣĽƱ
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ԣû£ֻڶ䣬ɳش󣬶ȥ˲ٵɳӡ
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Ŷɳӵ￩һ£ܿ˵ģѩԼϵô
ܿǴʲôϵģ
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ڶһ˫ף˫ס˫סܿ˵ţͻȻ֮תͷ˿ڽܿ˵ļ֮Уûһˣܹһգ֮ŵԼеˣǣӵ˫ף
һ˵ףʶİ˿ϺܶɳǺëˮȻҪ˵ʲôףϱɳĥϵĵطĿ
ϲûʲôףܿתԴ˵˫ףҲ֮ͨ˴ϵĻͻޱȵܹʯɽܹܹ
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ѩΰ۲ȴûȻ
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⣬ѩҲֻ䣬ΪֻǸ
ѩȻǲ¶ˣȴҲͬò֤ݣԣѩʱĹۿԹɫ


437 ̯˴
ϣƽúܣ˿Ҳûѩ
һߣܿ˱ż򵥵˵Щʵһ׿ףͷţͷлףףпӣЬ࣬һװĴӡ
ۡʧôһױ֣ǡǣԺ£ǲڴţô֪
ô˵ĳȴȼڵܿ˵ģӦûʲô¡סǬȫϣʵңһģôõıôͻֻһ·һ˫أ
ֻ飬һֱҶ⹫Ҹۣû뵽֮УǴӽ֪ܿЩȫΡ
ʵޱȵ˷ܡ
ܿ˿ɫ˹˹˵ǡҲֻô˵ģ˵ҪǽЩȫҵܹܹͳ¡
ȫҵͳ£񻰾翴˰ɣʲôʱˣﲻ˵ҵЩͿԺ绽ꡢõɡǵģסԼ˷ܣװһνӡ
ܿҡҡͷ˵ҹҲǶϲŵĽţйĹŴһܶս˵ЩֻǹŴļУһҵû顣
ЦЦô˵ҲеףǶˣҲϲţңŴļУȷЩǼֵǵĶģȻԶﴫˡ
Ͼĵͼǽܿ˻һת⧲
ѩר־Ŀı飬ܿôһ˵ѩʹӦ
Ͻҡͷ˵ԲǶǸûʲôȤڣֻܸ·ߣһһߣڶԼŰɡ
ôһ˵üаԲ²ǲѾ˵ģпǲǲôȸһ𣬽ʳˮģȻҲԼֵġ
ʳȻȱҲ֧ż죬ˮԴȻǾܹҵˮԴԼ߸ˣΪʲôҲ
˭֪׵ЦЦ˵ȰǸһߣֻҪǲģҲƽƽĳȥǺǡҪǾͶ׼һЩʱˮɡ
ˮܿʧʵǰˣ
ɳĮϣҪԴ֮һˮûˮ˵ʲôǰ״
ǿӣܿ˾ףǣǽѾںõˮָˣҲ˵˵ĸ·ôѡʵҲֻиһ·ģ˵ʲôֻ·
ܿǼһ˰Σѡ˸һ·
ص񱤣ȻܿǼͱˣŵ˲᲻صźһ£û취ǽϵĹأⲻ᲻صź֮ŵҲͰԺ󣬲ٸܿǼƽϡ
ʮԺһȺǵ˺˼ææһЩȻͻͭǡ
ѩ˵˼ʱ򶼲ûͭˣֱںɻǣٵɽ
Ĳ˼ȴһɳĮĲ˼ΰ˶˲СĴ̼ôðͻؼҡ
ܿǣڻûʱ򣬾ͷֵˣǼȻĶ˵֮̾׼ģͼɽ
ܽκܺˣһʲôҲûţܽǷǧıѡ
ãǷµıѣĲȡһ⡣
ǱߣһҲûʳԣ˵õļǮţЦеĳˬ
Ƿΰһˣͬʲôû̵ȴһĺڹе˶Ĳͻɡ
ԺҪڽ㣬ٲҪۡ
ں֮Ƿɻǿͳģ˵ŻصѾõͭǡ
һΣĲ˼ûֱӻص·ıʵϣÿһĲ˼Զ׾ٵ߽ıһΣĲ˼ͬҲѣңĲ˼ԼȥѩҲˡ
ɣꡢ˼Ŷɣ裬һ˸߲ңΧɣߣ谡ﰡһҽУɣĿСӣֿ˻ϽԸһȥϴ裬ȻȥԷ
־Ͳ˵ˣֻǵڶһ磬˻û𴲣Ĳ˼ʹ绰Ĳ˼ڵ绰˵̯ϴ¶ˣϽģӱ·ĲȥԲߡ
Ĳ˼ǻ𼱻ǵģһӣҪԼȥһĲңһſڴϣͲԸ˵ɣ˶ԼˣҪȥʲôʲôطʲôʲô֮ǲԸĲȥ
ϣҲֻһǰĲңĲſڣûĲ˼磬ȴĲԶɽڴϴαԼڵİһ衰СҶ߽ǲ衱
ƫƫĲԶɽһϽԶԶ뿪Щݲݡ
ǺѧϴȥĲԶɽı
ĲԶɽ˿ҵط£ſͿӶϲ裬絽ˣҲߺ߶ûС
ˣһǷˣһȴòеӽǼҿȴǼҿöӣ
˲裬ĲԶɽɫ˵ССҾͲý˰ɣʶģλô
ĲԶɽָָǸӣȴ΢΢˵ͷ˵ǳѩİ̸ְ֣
ǳȻò˵ţɫȴ̫ơ
ĲԶɽҲٺٵĸЦ˵ССȫǳģǺǣʲô˵ǺǣҲʲôûĵطϣҺͺģ˵
ֲĲ˼һʹ绰˵̯˴£ӣ黹ǲС
˸ΰֶȻΪ˷ΰ顣
ġΰĸĸѼΰиҵʱһپ˵ֻһҪǾǲҪüΰ̫ܵ˺СֵܣһΣ㡭ǽΰȫˣҵҪСͽ͡
һ˵ΰ飬˺Ǽ
룬ЦЦ˵壬һôˣһͿһ˷ΰǺǡ壬Ҫô
㡭ŭһҪǰƴ漴ĲԶɽǳסˡ
ĲԶɽ˵֮԰ǽеҪǶһ㱡棬ԺĽ⿪÷չԱ֮ΪСô˵ȷЩˡ
վһ˫֣˵ڿתת˵壬ʵôҲȲѵģ԰ɡ
˵˵ʲôȲѵġȻףĲԶɽļҪˣᣬ˻ǲҡ


438 ˭͸˭ȥ
Ц˼˵ܽүӣȻ㲻ʲôرһҪΰһ𸴣żΰ绹ûɲͷƣǺǡܽүӵ˾ֳϵġ
ʵϣ÷ΪͷʹģܽҪ飬ȥɳĮѰ񱤣ϢȷǷΰ͸¶ȥģƫƫһ˵˵ڵģ֪֪ĶʲôΰҲ˵ĶȥˣΰҲ˵
Ͳɵܽһˣе˶ǿֶأˣֶ˵˼ǧ򱣻ѡ
ͭǣȻܽûʲôͭĵطܽȴԷΪƸΪ꣡ܽһҪΰ˵ҲͲܲġ
ǣΰǵ飬Ĳ˼ΰ˵ˣȴ˹ԣֻܻҪͣʵ֮ŭҪܽĵ绰֮⣬ҲǷΰĲ˼һֱڸ˿ߣ˵ġ
ֻǣٺٵЦһͣûУԼôɵģһ۾ŵģǷΰߺߣкܾһʱ䶼û˿ҪҲֻԼˡ
ˣΰӦ֪ʲôģǣһˣ˶֪ҪģҲֻˡ
ĲԶɽǳ棬ѵʱ˵һ飬ȻˣǺԭǴŵģ˺Ľв飬һҧǺһֱǹŵģܽ򿪣Ҳ˰СʱأԼǸʱ䡣
ôһ˵ĲԶɽǳȻֱֲܽӴ绰Ҫΰ˵ģܽŪ˵ġ
Ҫ֪ڿĲԶɽļǿɱȲõʱ񱤣񱤵ʱ򣬷ΰԵˣڵĲԶɽǳ棬Ƿֱ¾ɲðֵ
ңӣĲԶɽһЩҲֻΪ˲һ֮ʣȻô˵ˣȻҲ޷Ʊ硣
һֱôڵǳŷˣ˵ܣԭǼ˹ͬصһܣڣǷȴй¶˳ȥңҪĶôͣ
ĸûʲôϵ
ֻǷ˵ı⣬Щزˣô£һ۶Ʊ磬ʲôá
ǳĮĿһ۷ˣתͷ˵ǰĲǡսֵܣλֵܹͬػһܡ
ܾǸйأӿ˵
ܣѾҹڣҲͲ㣬ʵ棬Ʊоһ˵Ķǳ˵˵һսףǼս֮̽ȴûͻƹһǽڣ˵Сֵȴǽȥ
ٺٵЦ˵Ƕǽȷ治ҪȥģǱƽȥġ
ǳ˵ͷʱΣ˼Ѿͷ˵úףҾЩˣκ˶ҿǶǽôʹ˹ȥ
Ц˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôܴȥһǽڣպҴȥһ˲ʧȥЧãֻ߸ҪȥʱǵǽʧЧˣ˭֪ôء
ǳҡҡͷ̾һ漴ЦЦ˵ôȥģΪʲôܽȥǵȷûʲô취֤һ㣬ǧûܹȥĵطȥˣ
ȥôǡʲôû̵ҡԴ˵
ǳҡҡͷ˵ڣزû̵ʲôǲҪҪǣСǰй¶˳ȥ½ӣСǽ޾鷳
ӵ飬Լ÷ΰ˺ڹԼǶǽȴҲģǸܵЩˣƺܿҲ뵽һЩ
Ʃ磬ʵܽǾԲûлɹֻҲ֤ݣԲûʲô취ǣһܽ׹ؼ֮鷳Բ˵ˡ
һֵ֮ЦʵҪ鷳ңҲûʲôİ취ѲǻǻҲ㲻ѣǺǡ
ǳ̾һ˵Сûҵ˼ҵ˼˵飬ڷ˼֮ϣСһˣ
ԼǺǣõ˭֪Լȥ֮ǳֻôԸԼûҪȥҲȥ
ֱӾ;ܾԼĺ⣬ǳˢһӳ
ȴһ˵СҪǡҵӣڵ棬ҲֻҪСͷ
м飬һֱ˵һ˲䣬ĲԶɽ̬ҲࡣеĿ渵˵
˵̬ת䣬ٴ漴׹ôڣ˶Ѿʼˡˡ
ǳļ۸񣬾ǡ˿ӣоЩǣĲԶɽˡǼ¡
ˣǶź
ףĵЩҲͻһ㣬˶Ҳް취Ǿǣûа֤ݣ
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ǳҲϼ޻ȻֱǾֻܻһַʽԣǳ͸˸ָ
ֻǣ￴ЩЩʲôǣʲô㲻ϡ
ĲԶɽ˵˺ܾõ飬ǷڰʾĲңСүݡ
Ĳ˼ĻȢҲӦ
ƫƫʱĲ˼ŷΰҲ˿
һΰһһûΰΰԴϣȻ׷۽Ҳ˺üƣ˷ŷһҹ֮ʮ꣡
Ĳ˼ŷΰ£ȻǰĲԶɽһүү
תͷǳ˷ֱһ塭塭
˾΢΢ĵ˵ͷǻԺ˼䣬Ҫģû뵽Ĳ˼ֱߵǰΪĮ˵֪ĻթҲ֪һֱϲңҿԸ㣬ܹӦһҾͿԴӦκҪ󣬰ҡˡ
˼ĲԶɽЩĿɿڴĿĲ˼Ҳ벻Ĳ˼㡢Լ壬̸
ֱĳĲҵ˵Ķ⣡
Ĳ˼ʾ˵ֻҪ׿˵˵ΰǱݺģ˵ֻҪ˵̾㣡
Ĳ˼ۣЦЦ˵˼ΰǲǱݺҶ֪㣬ߺߣ治һ·ϵˣ㰮˭ȥ˭ҶŮӶûʲôȤ
㡭Ĳ˼ȵҿ㣬һҵСˡ
ô˵Ĳ˼ĲܱˣңҲĲԶɽԭҪģû뵽ȻĲңĲԶɽǰǳŷˣ˵ô顢񶾵Ļ
ĲԶɽһԣ϶ʱЩҲסˡ


439 
վЦ˼˵λʵڵĶǶܹѰ׵˵ɺڵģҲûʲô˵ˣʲô鷳ҪǾˣһ˭ҪôУ
ǳ΢΢һų˵ˣҲ㣬ҪȰһ䣬ÿ
Ҳı˿˵Сļ˵ܣֻļҹͬ棬ܱסĶϣ㡭
ĲԶɽһԳĬĲ˼޺޵Ŀΰɫɢֻ۾Ʋ
һߺߺߵЦ˵ðļˣǲƴƴֵļˣǺǡôļˣһߵڰףֶԸһСǺǡȷһҲɣһҲ
ЦУͷͦأͷҲصĴ̤߳
˲ɢ˵һӽĲҵ˸飬ӽԺҪ鱦һ㣬»ѡ
ȴ˿Ҳûڡ
ųĲҴţûϼĲ˼ѩ˾Ȼӭͷ˹
һ治ˣĲ˼粻ɵĵʵүү
һĲ˼磬Ĵʲôܾˣеģܾˣأ˰ɡ
ʲôĲ˼ԾĿʲôܾˣҡҡҶүү˵˵ģҰְҲ㡭ġ㡭ܾˡʲô˼
ͷϣǵ˵ϴʵû뵽ڣһȻҪҪʲôսףߺߣգҿɲһס
ѩһԣЦ˼ߵǰ˵һطˣʲôףҲߣҪһΡ˽
ѩҪܣΪϰǳ׷˹һͷûٽѵѩԣѩҪ˽ͷ
ߣȴǸողŻصͭԼѣһʱ䣬öô鶼ûüô̡˽Ȼܲʡ
Ĳ˼Ҳû뵽ĲԶɽ˻׷Ѿס飬ԼòװźõļƻʹҲûĲҴȥ˼
Ĳ˼ջ𣬿ǣͷϣĲ˼лҲ
΢һĲ˼תͷѩ˵ѩȻȥҹȥ
ѩһЦһ㣬Ҳ㣬һɡɲҪˡ
Цһ£ѩһԼֵõԼȥᣬòһʱ̣һ̾ͻԼ˽ȥ
Ĳ˼΢΢üͷ̾һҲֻѩһ
ǻǲҪˡһ˾һһǻĶĲ˼˵
ѩЦû緹ɣͣԱˣǲ˽
˺߲
Сʱֲ֮ԶһСԵżĲ˼Ҫ˼࣬⻹ҪһЩͷʲôġ
Ĳ˼˶ûôԣǱѩһˡ
ѩһ߳ԣһ˵֪ʵĶ㲻һ£ģҸո֪Ƕ
ЦҡҡͷȴתͷĲ˼磺˵Ĳǡļңԭλֵܣйͬػһܣܵʲô
Ĳ˼Ƭ̣ҡͷ˵ʵĲǡļֵܣȷǰ飬Ҳүүһ£ΪֹҲֻʣүүүүүүֵܣүүҲһλ
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СսסʲôĴ˵ţӦүүҲҾǸطҲЩǻãˣȻȻĲһǾϣԭӦþһЩս֮뷨
룬ӦǷүүֵܲע⣬͵͵Ľȥ񱤣ְ񱤵˵˷ҵĺˣڣΰ
Ĳ˼ҡͷ̾Ϣһػ˼ʮܣջڷΰֶй¶˳ȥ
Ĳ˼˵ǰɳĮﱻĽܿ˵˵벻ҲѩƲһЩ
ΰΪʲôҪй¶ȥԴҲ벻
Ĳ˵ڣĲǡҵĺˣ֮ǰ϶û֪飬Ҫ֪ģֻзΰ˵ȷҵˡ
ôıأΰˣܵռŲ͵ˣƫƫҪôҪй¶ȥǻ
ԷֶĽթô᷸ôͼĴ
оǣ˵Уսף
òϣϣȷһЩ޷ĶִѧҲͲ˵ĶЩȷǺö
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Цҡҡͷ񱤵飬Ĳ˼ôͣҲֻһõɰɣҪȻ벻ͨ벻ͨණ
ڣЩżԴԼһǸа֮ԼҲҲûʱͻ浽ʲô
ҪЩ˵ģǼʲôսףһΣɾ׬ˣǸڹԼҪôҲֻűȥ˭ܵأ
㣬ѩĲ˼ûаҪ뿪˼ȻĲ˼ҪٴλصĲȥһˣĲ۵ʽ档
ѩȴҪϽ˽ҪȻһǳƢӣ̾Ҫѩϻؼȥġ
̾һĲǱߣǲȥһˣҲãмЩΪҲã֮Ը⡣
ѩȥɽǼĶԾԾ£治˵߾ߡ
˳Сݣٵ֣һ·ȥܿҪԷû뵽һͷͻȻ˳ǰ
ͷӣϵãǰҪõǸͷͷӡ
ͷӳԼҲʲô¡
Ȼͷһ̾һץŲţ˷ܵ˵ССҶüˣ졭Ǻǡ졭
ͷûѡ죬Ҳܲˡ⻰˵
ͷקţҲֻ̫ÿЦ˵ϲק˵ʲôµĻ㿪˵ˡ
ͷЦǺǵ˵Ȼ£Ȼ£ϴΣλ԰ɣȥĲͶǺǡ
ϴΣΪ˰ͷľĲ˼ڲ֮£ͷŻȥĲң¹ôãĲ˼ˣû뵽ͷǵôΡ
ûϺüǮʵ
ҪͷûϺüǮٿǮһҲͰˣõԼʱ䡣


440 Ҽ1
ͷȴקҲɿһǰߣһ߻Цлϰ壬һΣǺǣ׬ˣ׬˰˰ٶ飬һֱϰȥһ٣Ǻǡⲻô
ЩЦͬʱȴֺЩп
ͷӣôԶ·ôĶ˹ȥһ׬˰˰ٶ飬ͷƺѾõ㣬ͷģҲǲ̫ߡ
ʵ˵ͷСҲǲģʵеܹڣҲûٶҪˡ
ͷȥͣȻϣãͷҲΪġ
ͷ˵иŵϰ壬һֱڴȥ˵ãֻҪ㣬̵ͷϵġ̩¥Ǳȥ
ˣͷ϶ǽǸϰĺôҪͰæλϰ˭ΪʲôҪԼЩĪˡ
ٺôĲ˼ʵ
ͷٺٵһЦ˵ٿ飬³֮ٸ١
Ĳ˼óһǮ˵Ҳһǧ࣬ݵͷǰ˵ЩǮţ͵һûô
Ĳ˼ô˵ʵҲȲѣҪȷԼµӣȴһֱĹģȥĲ˼ȴ֪ջǲΪԼĹϵ⣬м¡
ԭӦµ飬ȴһ𣬵ȥĲңڣĲ˼ҪģȻ취úõȰ
ȴͷĵҪ׬ǸϰļٿǮĲ˼ֻͬǮˡ
û뵽ǣͷһξȻֻ̰ĿһĲ˼ǮȴӣЦЦ˵ôҪǵǮϰ˵ˣҪһβɣ飬ҴӦˣɲǮǮ⡣
Ĳ˼һһǼǮۿͷھȻϲǮˣ⵹Щϡˡ
ȴʵλϰʲôͷϲ֪ô
ˡͷһ˵ԭҲ֪Ǻǣ⼸Ǳؽţ統̵Ľϰ壬صģǸʲôŵġ
žɡһͻȻ˵
Լţ統̣үһŭ֮²ˣ漴ȴҪԼĵطһʱԼľûչ˹أ
ôнҵӵģžɡץץԴ̾һҲͷקˣԼǰߣ·ԷҲû˼ȥһ涼õϣǿŴ󲿷ֵĵطڹ̨ӱϣһ˯ӣ֪Ϊﲻȫ̫٣ԣ۾ֻд˯ա
Էǰ߲ӣ͵˹ͷϣתȥֵľ룬˳Žֵ߲ʮףԭţ統̡
Դţ統̱֮һֱΪ̫æ鲻ʱ䡣
ڣٵһ̲סЩ˷ܡ
µţ統Ѿ˵ڶ㣬ûʲôˣӦǵݵʱ
ϸһ£ӹģԭһ붼ֹͭΪĵض˵Ѿʮֲˡ
⣬¶ĸֽĵطͿóžο˵ģûаҪţ統ɶ˼
¹ģƣʹڣ̻ֻǸոտʼҲ⡣
ڸոտõţ統һȦ˱˳ڣûˣҲԼкܶ顣
ʱѾҪͷקţţ統Լ̩¥ߡ
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ողߵ̩¥ǰû뵽ӭžɣһһɫͷҪϹȥ顣
һǼˣžһ漴ϲӣҿڵȵСֵˣոȥ졭죬ߡ
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ҲžһһЦʵŴ磬ôȣ£
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칫ңǺһЦ
ӣⶰ¥ˣ˸ˮʦҿһ£ӣ򣬾Ūһ㣬칫ңոȥհûãٺ٣ء
ǵµףžɸϽż˽ݡ
žɵġ칫ҡڰ¥Ҳϣ㣬ҿɣ칫ɳ칫ʲôļҾߣȫľƷľģ輸һĴ̶ɣһȦȦֲǼٵģģмֹɫζ
ɳˣͻȻЩĵʵǸ棬ϰôôû
ž漴ЦոȥںæڰҹһأС㣬ǺǡһҹǱߵİȫһҹǱߵĲǼһǸӣ÷ˮ𣬺Ǻǡ
ЦЦ˵ǵͦãŴңʲô°
žЦЦת칫ĳһǮݸ۰Ͱ͵ͷһֽŵͷǰ˵ϲǩ֣ǺǣҺýˡ
ͷǮԥֽǩ֣漴ЦЦ˵ϰ壬Ժ飬ҪǵûҰ
žɵ˵ͷ漴Ϳ͡
ͷžɻعͷſʼΪĲ˼硢ѩղ衣
칫һ̨ˮģžûãֱӴˮͰ˷ˮþƾգƾյһ͸ĸ²ˮȫûнӴ
ٴӹȡһܷĲҶȡһСŽɫմɺУںһϸɴŰѹˮȥ
һʱ䣬ڶŵкֻһ޷ݵζơɵ޵㣡
žɵ˵֪ʲô𣿺ǺǡʵҾǡǰݵģӡ
ѩ̲סЦ˵һΪҪ˵ʵĳĳɵŴأû뵽ǰǿݵġ
žɡĲ˼˶ǺǺһЦ
žһЦһΪ˳裬ʷֵģݲĶȴ˳ˮкٰŸҡҡѲˮӺеʢˮһεĺϡ
ˮе̣˲֭ƵģΪžҪѲˮȣžȴǰǲˮ˷ˮС
Ŵ磬ôĲˮô͵ˣϧ
žЦϵܣԲ찡Ǻǣһ裬ǲܺȵģζأֻȵڶ裡
˵ٵ˹ˮ˵ݲܽԲ۵ڹŴֻд˼ԼЩõ˲ȥһŪһ׵ĹַƲ迪ʼ裬ٵݲ裬Ȳ裬ޱȵĽ
ˮž˻еĲ˵ˮҪմӽûȾɽȪȡģմκεĽƷΪƷжأմ˻ıˮʣȻ͸ھƾչĻˮûմϢ
Ĳ˼硰ۡһھЦ˳ողˮžɴͰװȪˮȡģʮɽȪ


441 Ҽ2
ӡǡ˵ģĲոȥǸʱ򿪲ݵʱ򣬺ǺǡǸʱ򣬿ģʲô鶼İչ
žһ߳һ߷ֱ
ЦŴ署ҲһŹΰǰٺȲ裬ȵĶϣ֪ôĲѧʣݲȣҲǶ˲Ҷչˮ忪ͺá
žЦǸʱ򣬳˸ӹţΪƶѣǺǣӣǲؼ֡
˵ٰѲˮֹΣˮֻеɫˣζǵࡣ
ʱžɰѲˮˮϸСɰУǱӿȴĴָţҪǿ˵ˣ豭ǻü
һɳĮˮʱĸһܺһƿˮٺˮ
žȴ˹˵ԣϸݵĲζΣ
͵Ȳˣžʾ⣬¶һ΢սߡ
ˮе̣̲סᴵһȻһڡ
ʵһڲˮֻʪѣһֱӣƺ˶ʱʲôŽġĿˣ
ò裡
˵УûܹġƷ衱Ĳ˼絹ϲĲԶɽһȲ裬ֻĲԶɽݵĲ裬ȴԶԶﲻ̶ȣѩڹ⣬϶ǺϳģȲ裬Ҳֻǽǰ顣
˵˶Բһ⺺ȵĺˬڣһ̲סѱʣµĲ֭ϸƷζ
ֻǰһھͺȵһЩʱ򣬱ҲֻǿΣǿ϶ǲ񫡣
ְѱӷŵžǰҪˮ
ֻžɺǺǵЦոȥȲ裬ǽˣһܣܣϵ㶮𣬲ղգһѧʣȲ裬ֻţһոȥţĵʲô𡭡
ҲٺٵЦŴ磬϶ΪȲô򵥣ٺ٣ˮ
֮⣬ȻžҪ飬ôúȵĲˮɲСô˵Ҳȸųɡ
û뵽žЦӣҰȻרȲģеæոȥ黹еͷʹ
ôͷʹ۾žĲʵ
žһ˼·˵ӵģͭǵλݣǺǣǰͭλոȥҵݣҲҵĶˣ鷳ˣ¶֪ˣ͵ðһѣӣСֵܡ
ʲô鷳ʵžɵλݣͭǿɲС鷳Ӧ·ȥžȴԼٺ٣ǲͶҽô
ոȥôһ£žɿһ˵ݣԭúõģһʱ䣬ͻȻ֮䣬ͱüҲήҲ񣬺Ǳԩʲôĸסһӣ
һΣžˣȻһ֪ʲôλݴΣ
ֻȴЩԩҲӦȥĵʿвǣЩʲôġ
˵˭֪ϲʲôԩžݣݣ񲻺ãвж͵ýҽԺסԺҩĲ⡣
žɿЦҡҡͷ˵ģˣʲôסԺҩʲôģеʿʲôģҲӣǮ˲٣ȴԽԽ⣬ۿҪˣⲻҲ뵽ϵ
žɵݿǵ͵ĲͶҽ
ЦըʲôʲôǲͶҽͶģҲһҽ
ԼأеСǮǮ֮⣬ҪԼȥŴһʲôģҲеףҪԼȥβˣ⿿
û뵽ž̾һ˵СֵܣҲ㣬ָ㣬˵ֻҪܹҵһҲеþȣǣҾ룬£ҪҶҲֻСֵˣӣо仰ô˵ţСֵǶһ޶޽С
ž˲в壬Ĳ˼֪ģֻѩһˣÿÿĪžɡ
˵ҪҰһ֪žɵʵĿġ
ǣҶҲҪ֪ҵʲô
žɿЦ˵ô˵ɣҲǸϲùŶ֮ˣ֪ʲôطһʲôӣ֪ҶЩҲŪģҲ˵Ǽʲôȴͳ˵ǻԩҲͺˣԣҪһܹıܹĺö
ԭЦЦʽķԼǣҸʱžˡ
û뵽ѩһ˸ţּûܾ±˵βˣֻҪҶҲȥ˵õʲôҪʲôųɣôߴĺ˵˵һͨʱ򻹲Ҫһ񡣡
žԼ˵ģȫʵô˺˵˵Уһ˵Լ׽˵زǿ˭ϣʲô˶վ˵䲻Ļġ
ӡž㬵˵Ҵ̸˾͹ȥģ⡭ոȥ
ЦЦžһȻصģۿžͿҪԼıˣ˵Լţ統̣ڳнô˵ҲЩϵˣԼܲܰõæ뻹ҪȥҪȻǿɾһҲˡ
ԸԼȥһ£žɶʱȸԾ´绰׼˳ӣҪһͬȥ
žͺգС˾žɹ˾ְԱ
СĸˣͭǣͭһΪĻ԰Сͣ
԰С·СһסŵģǷǸ󣬶žɰʵҲ֡
ž˵ˣλݡչ˹žɣܹչžɵˣȻɽҰջ߹нײ㡣
ȼ˳žɴżֱӽһβΪˡı
ӭžɵ˵ģһλʮģЩ̬ȴ潹Ƶ긾ŮȻ潹ƣȥȴһЩϣӦⶰŮˡ
žɣŮüͷһ㡭
žɵ˵ͷָָ˵Ẓ́Ҹ˵λֵܣҿǷ˺ô󾢶ŰŪġ
Ҳ֪Ů˽ʲô֣žڽһŹ̡ʱ򣬵ǱϹϾġ
žɵԭ͸Ů˲࣬ôϹϾĽţҪŮ˵ıӦǵλԭɡ
Ź̿һʣ¶Ĳ˼ѩ˵ļʡ
̫ˣûУ˿һ۾͸оոնƵģ˵ľŹ̼ûʲôȤĲ˼ѩȴ̫̫ƯˣþŹ̾þڷ绪ïʱҲܼ֮һ
ԣŹ̶ЩĲ˼ѩͲļʡ
ֻȴȥƽЩһⶰ̾͸еһеġȻ֡ڱʽߵĻ͵档
ڵĺľҾߣĵİ裬һֳⶰǸ֮ˡУǽǲ̨ӣڷԼмʮƷֻ䣬͵ĲƷС
мϢˣŹ̸žɺ˼䣬Ȼתͷ˵䵱ģ㶮ùŶ棿
˼Ե͸¶һɲΣҪ֪䵱һеģһͷӣģҲСͷ¶ʮ궼
Ź̵̬ȣ̾Ҫת˵ģֻǿžɵķϣǿǿͿЦЦ˵ʵҲ̫һУЩҲֻȥһһѧϰ


442 ֵǮĶ
Ź̵һЦ˵ȻˣȰҿǼֵǮ
ЦЦŹҪУƾŹڹⷽ棬ҲǸӶѣҪȻͻ˵һ䡰ֵǮģʲô
ĻܹܿУļʶ
Źֻ̽˵ʲôֵǮҲֻҪУƫƫһ棬ȴᳵ·졣
ֻһͷ䣬еƷһ飬ЩƷðϢֱ棬˸š
ֻǣ̾˵ǼֵǮȻûʲôظУ⣬Ź̳ȷǸҲδػ
ԣվϸÿһƷǰͣһӣмǰͣʱϸһӣһѧ
Ź̼ͣʱԳǼطڷŵȷʵֵȽϸһЩɴ˿ɼһġ
۵ƵûͣŹҲĬŹ˵ֵǮĶȻûҵ
һʱ֮俴ֵǮĶžɵԴϲðԼŹ̽ܵˣҪССĲԶ˹أ˵ԼҲûã٣ټɡ
˰Σû˵ȻŹ̾͸ǿˣֻǾẔ́ϾǹټҸˣʹ￴ȴֻǵЦЦ˵λСֵǰɣҲһЩţߺߡҲûʲôܹõĵط
֮ǣⶼͱﶪˣǸϽɣ
ЦЦתͷžẒ́˵ֻЩѣ˵ֵǮĶŹȻǲװڷųˡ
㡭Źһ漴ʵʲôʲôɺģҪϲֵǮĶֱ˵ɡ
Ź̡Ź̡žɸϽЦ˵ŶļϸһõıҪȷ̶ֵҪߺü
Ź̴ӱ˺ߣ˵ûôʱȥ
Ź̵Ļû˵꣬˵һ˿ֵǮĶ¾Ǽϵһͷ̽ͭţ԰ɣ
Źһϵһͷ̽ͭţȷмϵֵߵĶңкü˶ô˵˵Ķģ϶ڶʮҵļֵһͷ̽ͭţ˵ҲʮϣҲ˵ͷ̽ͭţĶҪһ롣
ŹĿƺûͷΪص̽ͭţҲ˵ʮĶƲۡ
þŹ̴Ϊˣ̽ͭţڷڼϲô۵ĵط⣬ҲвٵĽ϶ԣһȱҪȥȽЩص̽ͭţ
Ȼע⵽һ㣬ԾŹ˵ʹͭţֵǮҲϹɵģҲžȸ߹ģⲻϡ档
ŹʱȲˣЩǣԵΪֵǮĶͭţǳ֮⣬ʲôֵǮģ
ЦЦ˵ʱ򣬾áɣǾӣáŮӵٸУŹҲһС񡯵ģ𣿡
Źٴһ漴ȴЦԼϵȻšˣָĸָ̽ӣʯ׹ˣϻһ׹ӣȫҲкü顰񡱡
ĸ̵ĽָʱŻʮӾ͸ˣһҲʮ򣬶ϵʯ׹ӣһҲԼ׹ӣʱǸŶ̷ҲҪ˲ʮ
˵˼ǾŹϵֵǮǸ̽ͭţļֵЩļֵŹȻúܣҪ˵ֵǮǵûһļֵܹȵùͭţ
ЦЦ˵Ẓ́ҪʵڲŵĻҲ޻˵Ź̾˵ĻǿһĻ뽫Ź̵ȡôҿ
ʵһͿֵǮĶȻֻ̽ͭţǾŹ̲ϵһ׼ȷ˵ϵĵ׹Ǹ׹Ȼ֪ʲô¶ıɫϢеϢҪŨࡣ
ҲܹɫϢŸϢŨģͶңľ飬Ҳ˵ŹؿϵǸ׹ֵǮĶЩϵĶɣǾصǸͭţҲŲʮļֵͨ˵ȷֵǮǻϾͲ뷨ˡ
ֻǾŹʵڲ˵׹һʱ򣬾ŹҲڳɽ۸Ŷʮ
һֱ˵ֵǮôֵǮˣ
ŹҲû룬̾Ͷȡͬ׹һŵ輸ϣȻ۶һգգģӣҪһ˵̾пܱɨسš
ֻЦЦĽϸؿ˿ǿ׹ӡ
׹һ龧Ө͸ĺ֬񣬱«״СָͷС«ϵشһʹ֬ĺ«ǳһ
˵ڵĶ֬ǶۿڶߵǮһˣ֬«ҲСҪ˵ǮĻʮ߰򣬻򵽱˻ˣҪ˵ͭţļֵȴɻǲһЩ
ֻЦЦǰ«ϸϸĿһ£ȻЦŶԾŹ˵Ẓ́ԵĻԸ˰򣬲֪ŹԸԸҡ
ǮŹ̵Ȼ˰ǮǾŹҲ˳˼ʵ˵ֻ̽ͭţֵʮ򣬵ȴֵ˰
ǽʮĲ࣬صĶҲͲˡ
Ź̳Ƭ̣Ųɫ˵ΰ˰ҲδػȥûĶһǧҲֻǶƤӣʲô˼𣿡
ЦЦ׾͹̵˼ƾ˵㿪һǧһڣô֤ʲô
Ĳ˼ѩž˾Щ٣Ẓ́ʱһҲţҲزһݺⶼýܣЩˡ
ȴЦЦԾŹ˵Ẓ́ʵֵٵǮҪȻǿͻף˵ĻǼ١
飬ʲôʵ飿ŹȻм̲סЩ棬ҪҪЩʲô
ãʵ飬һ㣬˵Ļǵռ⳥
˵ͷ漴˵Ҫһˮһ֧ǿֵ磬ûҪһӫ
ոմӺȻϵϼѵĺ񣬲һʼҲЩ֣֬С«ԼҲʮļֵ˵ĶϢϱֳģͲرԣԼȴǹɱɫϢŨҲ˵ֵľ޴
Щˣⶫ
ʲôطأһʱ֮벻ףڽ«õָһ֮ʣʱ׹«ϹȻҪȻֵ̫Ǯ


443 ֵζ
˵ԭž˵Ŵ磬ˮֵ֮⣬С߱ȽϼĹûУ
žȻе㵣Ū͹̵ǿгӣǵ˵ͷУ
ȻȴŹ˵ǻҪȽϼġߡ
ߣѩһ֣ȴһʿݵǰ
Ź̳˵˵ˣ˰ҲҪˣǿɾ͵ռ⳥
ӹʿЦЦ˵˾͹̵ĶҵȻֻȫ⳥ˣǺǣʱ򣬾Ź̿۱ǣҾԲаá
˵ţʿġ롱ⲿСĵǵ׹λŪš
ǵ׹ģһεĺ«ƿƿڴէһǸʵĵġ
á롱˺ƿڴʱ¶һۼһˣʱ˳һӰСġӡӸƿɫһӦһĶճȥģ־ĥ󣬴ʵĵģӸƿȫûкۼ
Ź׹ƿҲǰʱ䣬˵Ź̶ЩǸӣȻʹûȥϸעⶫӲлСˡ
ûԼ׹ƿôܣô֪ģƿǲǻʲô
ʵܹ֪«ƿܣΪϵһ˫ףһ˫״ϣڴ޿ɱ«ƿһõϣǼϸ΢ĺۼ඼һ˳֪ġ
ԣʱֶԾŹ˵Ẓ́Ҫһˮ
ŹȻǱֵסˣⶫǴԼĲϵģҳ궼ûܷôܣǣȴˣҺȻں̵ܶʱ֮ھͷ˵ģܿü㿴ż֮俴ˣôܷܣ
Ź̻ڷѩȴܿòװһˮˮԶĵطĿȪˮҲǡˮ
Цлѩһ䣬ӹˮ«ƿڶϣˮȻﵹˮ
ֻ̫СҪϸܵȥ˺üӲŰƿȻµˮŤͷž˵Ŵ磬Ҫֵأ
žӦһȴתͷȥʾŹҪֵ磬Ź֮࣬һʱ֮䶼벻ֵʲôطòףֵ磬һȴǳˣƲ
ãĲ˼ѩתÿ죬ҲͷҳʮüӣŽֵ罻ϡ
ֵ磬Ŷ׼«ڶмһݵĹϸСƿ˽ȥʱ˾ͷֳ漣
ƿײ͸һɫĹˮ¿ȥһ㣬εεģһƻε
˾ȵĲƿ͸⣬ƺЩͼֻּƺЩڻζУ
ڻ΢񡭡΢һЩ֪ʶѩͻȻ
ȻŻζŵĻŵʲôǺԣڻַں«΢
ڻ΢񡭡Źٰ̾ӣҲ֪ĸּ֣ĺĻʲôƾּһС«ƿļֵѾɹˡ
֮࣬ŹҲϲĪֵǮĶ
£Ź̴Ҫغ«ƿ΢˦£ˮ˦˳Ȼֽ˻ȥ΢ڻʲôݣŹ̾Ͳ֪ˡ
򿪺«ķŹ֪ģҪڻ΢񣬾ŹҲĿãԣôõĶҲãǼҲãҲòǼȥˡ
ʰú«ƿŹһЦ⣺
Ź̾漴¸ϲ衣
һڲ裬ʵẒ́˵˲ˣܸܲ˵˵һЩϸľ
Ź̾һ˵ʵ˵飬ҵҲôÿڣҲΡ
Ź˵ǼҵͷӣƽҲϲЩŶǰãڽֱ߿һСС໨ɹޣ˻˭֪εҲ֮
ʼ죬ÿ϶ΣֻҪһ۾Ϳʼд󳳣ȥҽҲһЩҩǸûʲôЧңԽǳҩԽء
Ź̾һ˵Ӧ֪ڵĵλڵƣһסԺ飬ԺҪصǸλϣҲͺˣԣҲѹŵģ̫
Źô˵ǲΪȻǸλϣñ˵ĶˣͲòСԼҹ飬ߺߣĹٵá
ҽԺβã˽˼ˣǶ˵ײа˺ü죬ǡߺߡẔ́˺ߣҲʹǮҲ汾ã԰ɣ
˵ͷһһҵǷݱ¾Ƿݱ꣬⵱ȻǲˣŹ̻ͦˡ
Ẓ́ܲܿǸӣʵ
Ź̵˵ͷվȥùӳڴ֮ͻȻ΢΢ɫ
ô㿴ˡžɿϱɫסϲǣһ֮£˵ҲЩոȥǵǸʲôӡСܲܶԸˡ
̲סЦЦʲôûֻŵһζܵһζζŵˣѩҲŵˡ
ζģЩ㣬ԲǼõˮѬ֮ĶһԴһζ˵ʲôôһζ
ôһ˵žɿ͵˼£ȴ̲סҡԴ˵ӣôŲأ
˵ôһֵζĲ˼ҲϸһĲ˼Ҳҡҡͷû
ѩƬ̣˵㻹ǲǵǵһȥǸطʱζ
ѩһȥطĲر⣬ȷЩζùζһȳȳȻǵãζǹȳ࣬ζȴһǲζġ
ʱŹ̽ǸҲ˳ŵ輸ϣ˵ⶫҲӵ֪Ҫʲôණ棬ҾӣҲ޼¡
ŹóӣҲȭͷҪСϼȦ˵ǡӡ˵ǡӡ״ƿ
ʵ໨ģĳӹֵǶֵ˶Ǯģ٣ôġ
еЩֵǣƣŹ̼⣬пǳƿģΪƿһǹɴζŨࡣ
ͻȻ֮һЩ˷ܡ
˴ף˹ͷǼ˷ܡ
ֵǣȴ֪ⲻǳԼıܡ⣬˷ܣ·Ǳһǿǣżġ


444 ζ
ƶһ˲֮䣬׹ӦζǱԼڵĹƶ˳ԼڵĹƶζƺر
һʱ֮䣬Щˡ
֪ĽǸƿյ棬ȥȡǹζ
ѩŵǹζȴΪҲΪȻҲͲ˷ܣǾȻƿ﷢ģŹ̼ҵ죬ΪƿӶ£ζƿӣӦþǺΣյĶ
ԣƿȡѩ̴ｫƿ˹ȥһ
ͻȻѩһ߳ȣתǱʶƺѩôЩȻѩһ
Ź̲ɵһУԡġ
ղţһóŹ̾ͷɫб䣬Ϊϵģû뵽漴һӣȥŻѩ飬ƫƫָ쿪ʼʱһͲòþŹ̴һС
ãʱҲظһЩǣеԭί
ʵƹӵĴƿǰӦװʲôʱܳ涼˴ĶأӦòǱʲôԩǱֶϢˣ
˵Ĺ֮ѾˣͨĶȻǲϢ˵ûų⣬ЩҲһʵص顣
һƿЦЦԾŹ˵ҴԼѾ֪ôˣ֪Źܲҿˡ
ԭ˵ģŹ̵ţôãʵһֱǾŹڿ
ڣŹ
£Ź̴ŴžɡѩˣǼСݡ
һݣ߻谵һȴӶúĴˣȴᵽŨζֱ߽򼶴һ㡣
ƵĹ֮УһӰڽĵذϣӣӦþǾŹ̵ҵˡ
ߵߣͻȻ֮ҲǱһ㣬һ漴䶯ӣġԵúЩɵĽӽ
Ȼǹƶѩ͵͵ؽһ
ҲϵϢ˲ףϹȻǹƶӦһġ
Ϊڡ嶾֮Уߺ򼣬˵ԩҶͷ˭пŪԷҲпܱԷΨһܹʤģҲǿ˭
Ҳ֪ǲǵʲôˣǱ˹ƶɲ˹ƶ֮ϣһǹƶһ㣬ȫܹȷϡ
Ź̳ãе𣿡
Դ˹ƶ͹Ҳܹõõϵķӣȴӣɼ͹ʵҲֻǱžµ뷨ˡ
βˣⲻǿңҲ֪ҪôȥΣѩȴ˵˵ֹƶƷǾǽ˵ָָͷȻҩｫڵĹƶ
ʣʲôҩ
ѩ룬Ȼ֮Ƶģ˵ҼǵѪҲԿƶģҪԣ
Ҫʵ顭ʧ˵
ѩЦЦʲôѪѣֲˡ
⡭һ뵽ϴѩΪ˵ĵԼϵĶѪԼָһ룬¡
ɡսս˵Ҫ٣˵ˣԼȥŪ
ҲҪˣŵⱭӡѩ˾һˮҲˡ
㡭Ҫҵ
ѩЦܵĿôԼȥҰ㡭
һԼȥ漴Ķӡ
֮ѩžɰæҪʵʵǵ˺ʩȣžȻҵ̾ʾŹҪ
Ź̼ʲôУȴûӣҲѲžɣ˵Ź̼ûӣ̾ͳ˱Ըȥҵط
Ĳ˼翴ѩгӣ̲סʵаգ
ѩЦЦҡҡͷ˵ǰ˵һƹƶķӣܲκãϵĹƶѩȷʵûգڣôҲɻҽɣֲʲôʧ
ʲôʧȻֻѩˣΪܲκ죬ʧġ
򲻴žӵĻȻȴϴּϢҲûС
ѩҲȣҪžɽˡ
žɱֱŵģ˰죬ҲûܼҲԹžɣ쵽ʱ򣬾Ȼķ
Ȼֻһ㡢ʶķͦģԣžһҪãҲȷһ׵顣
˺һĲ˼ѩǰˣŽһ㣬Ҳá
ʱѩĨһѺˮԾŹ˵Ҫһˮ
Ź̺ԥȡһ裬һˮȻ˹
ʱѾŵɳϣ˶ţžɣɱһһ˫򣬶ѩ֣קָָͷϻһӡ
ָǺʶ˼£žİţԱĲ˼硢ѩﶯ˰֡
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˵Ҳָ֣ͷϣֻ˼ѪҺκǹ죬·޸˳
ѩȴ֪ΪڵĹƶ֡
򵥵˵ƣ뵽壬Ҳǰһ¼ң¼ʲôȱ©ˣҲᾡ޲ѩָϻһӣĳѪҲȻӲ
ԲָͷϴȴûѪ
ۿָͷϵĴϣѩһ
ǸһԵıӣ˹˹˹ҲͽֻвС뱭ѪҺ
ѩЩգһ˵ģһѪ᲻ãھ
ʱѩҲ˲ֱӽı˹ȥĽ㵹ѪҺ쵽ӿڱϵʱѩָ߬ؿӡ
ʱǺʶ˼£žȴļͷһҲ춯
ֻһС֮䣬ı˵ָڱմմʱմѪҺ
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ѩ˷ܵؽһЧ
Цһ£ֹЧˣҡ
ŹҲǸˣ̶˵Сʺţתһ㡭Ӫѣ͹Ǽͷӣúͳã㡭
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Ĳ˼һһ䣺ʣ


445 Ҳͨ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵ָϽԾŹ˵ٺ٣Ẓ́ˣǮҲûʲôǺǣ͹̵ĺ⣬ֱӸ˵ɡ
ŹҲֱѩҪ˺ţѩȴ˵ɣĲ鶼Ÿոտʼء
ѩˣԼͷӵĲ鲻ƣŹ̾͸˵еͷһҲ˺ܶ飬ҲǺϳѪ뵽Ǯ̼ǵʱһת𣬰ʮǮǰ⼸˸೾𵽰̼á
£Ź̸ϽĿ˵ɣ߻ЩزϾȥӹһ
ĵԵģ⵹Ĳ˼Ҳǿ˼ϡ࣬㣬ⶼˣʱ򣬹ҲȷܳԵȥ
Ź˼ңҪڼٷҲ򵥣ûʲô飬Ź̵ӹ顣
ߣָɽ˿ڣѪҺĸ죬νˮһ㽫һˮȾ죬˵Ҳ֣ѪҺˮһһŵѪ飬ʢˮȻͬһ޵ĺ춹ǹ졣
ٹƬ̣ѪҺ޺죬Բʺ죬Ǻý죬ҲʼҵŤﲻģģĺ߽һϵĺˮƶһ㲻סĹ䡣
ʱʹ࣬Ⲣʶֱֳʹ࣬ڵĹƶܵķӦ
ѩ˵Ӧǵ˱Ƚصĳ̶ȣӼĻƾͻȫռ壬ңʶһǿռȥҲ˵Ҫ϶ѩܹ̼ƶٹϼ죬죬ܻҲֻһʬ⣬ɹƶĿܡ
ĸɣһ
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ߣֻ˵ƣֶʵԣǳܹ˽ġ
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ӣô˵ԺɵҪСһЩһãĪ˹ƶӣʱ˵ʲôˣžЩ˵
ֻѩһ߼ѪҺ죬һЦʵҲû˵ôأƣȷǺأҲԲʲô˶йƵģ㺦¹ƣҲδػֱӾ㡭
ô˵ɣ˵ǧзǳƵģҲйƻẦµģҪȻ¹Ƶܹϳưԣ
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һ߰ǻ˵ӦǺܺģȷ˵ƣҲÿ˶һմͻģеܺȣǸ߶ҾƣҲܹһºüҲһŰ׾ƣͻͷתҲ˵˵ʲһԾƾĵֿиߵ֮֡
žϸľ׽һ˼һͷ亹˵ոȥԸԸֿɡҪȻӡ
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ӣһ򾣬Ѫסǰ꣬ǰѪܽСͲòǰԳŴѪܣԼͨ
˵ҲСˣϵѪܾ磬Ѿͣû任Сڼ˵ע֮£ֱϵѪܣȴԵı󣬲˼鲻˵м̾ҪɽʬɥʬĿֲ
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ѩ۾ֱһһֵ䶯ŵĶƣ˵Ѫ㻹ŪЩѪ
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ֻһ֮䣬ֱĲ˼һץţ˵ֽ߬ţùѩʿָһȻָͷ
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Ĳ˼ȴǳԾ˵һ䣺֡ôôͨ
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ʱѾ䶯ĹƶӼ䶯ԽԽҲңͷϵĺˮҲưȥһ㣬һϵ·ʪ͸ˡ
˵ָͷСҲͶ㵽һȥˣĲ˼ѩҪڽ
žȴ۾еոȥС㣬ܲõæһ£ӣҪסˡ
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ŹһԣϽһƨǹһоܾȻǼ죬ʵˣǼѹúõسлǹ
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Щϼ쿴ʱ򣬾Ҫ׼ģŹȻǲҵһƬ̣׼ȫֻ̿һʱȴû취ôֻúȼľ̿Ȼһߣô


446 
ߣľ̿ʲôæòֺϵĹƶҲѾ䶯λۿ̾ҪˣѩԵýĽкϽæ
ָͷʹҪǵʱȴҲûжѪƣҲͬڵĹƶá
ѩҪæֻù
ѩ˳ڵĲƿ㵹һЩѪҺȻϱӣָֽƿһŲƿĸӣһߵȺ
ƶȫ̸ϸӣҲܳٻѩԸ
ʱĲ˼е쿴ˡ
ָͷϣʱһ೤һǼ̵ĸѪӴϸֻѪ΢΢ɣ㲻סǴ֣һգۼָͷϸѪܿͱһѪ˿͸ĤƤĤƤ棬ԼԼܹز䶯ŵɫӡ
Ĳ˼һģ˳
žȴ˲࣬еẒ́졭ǯⶫǯӡ
ѩϽȵǧҶⶫһܾΣո󡭡
ŹҲĿɿڴ֮УҶ
ǳĴָ⼷ԽԽҲԽԽѩԸ򲻿ҶӽӴƿѪҺҲ̫Զ̫Զûջֱ̫ӽӴѪҺҲпܲٳ
ԣƿѪҺֻʼձһҵľ룬óӶƿѪҺɼóƶִ꣬磬һҪĺ׼ҪȻͻỵµġ
ʹź۾ضŲϱ䳤ǴĳӣŸӣҪ
𣬶ϣָĳ棬ˣǻĴĳӣȴûʲôܱ飬˿ֲ˾ġ
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澪壬ʱƣδػֵùԼǹ죬ͱԼϵĹƶҪö࣬ԣԽԽǾôĿġ
ƶǲĤ̴ƿѪԭٵѪ֮䣬㱻ƶȥһ롣
ƶ淢ʺ졢͸ģҲӹ˴Ŀľ
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ƶһƿУ·̷ʱڲƿѸٵ´ܶѰҳ·
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ʲôžɽôĴۣͽֻӻꡭոȥûиӵģôô
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Ź̡Ź̡žһ߽еẒ́СֵܣǲһˣոȥǺףͷ͵ǰæСϵһõġ
Ͳ˵ˣҽԺġǡǼѩ˵ġۡʲôҲǽ˵ʲôҵĵһĨڣһ֪Ҫִʲôطˡ
Ź̶ѩ˰Σ˵ǹǿ׳ܲˣæҲֻܰˣɣҲҵõǡۡ߶һڵĶԷѰҡۡɹ˵Ļٸڣңʱ䲻ޣô
˼˵ʵıȷʵͣڶǮȤֻһȤǾܾġۡҵǲ첻Чá
ȻһԭƽֻڲѰұѰĴ̼о˼
ͣһѩ̧ͷԾŹ˵Ẓ́ȥɣǮ飬ҵ⣬ͺã
ŹϲãȻˣʺţתһڸѣڲںǮػҪصģ԰ɣ


447 ʲ
ǿһпŹʮľתʣת˵Ŀȴǧ
һѰ۵ľѣǧǸѩĲ˼˽ġá
ȻˣŹҲûһ֮ҵۣǰ˵ڳͣԸټһЩ
һҪʵҲҲû취飬Ҳֻ˵ۼֲֻñˣһڵľѣȻҲٲˡ

ӾŹ̼ҳžɶһֱѩĲ˼ˣһҪϻȥѰۡ
ž˵Ϊģڵ״ոȥһۻ̲ٴ򷢸Ǽһǰװ׵æˣǳȥһˣٺ٣˵ҲܶæһأӣСֵܣɲܲϸһѰ
žɵƣԼһ֮ҪܵõĲҵĶݣֲٵŹ̵չˣһҲֻܹһǧë󣬴ͨؽƷӰ˵Ŀ֧ܱ֤һǧĴǿζЦѵ¡
תͷȥһʱһأֻҪҵǸۣʲô֧ȫȥÿ˵Ҳǧϡ
һ꣬Լ꣬˭㣿
Цѣָͷž˵Ŵ磬һС˵ˣܲҵۡ˭Ҳûӱ֤飻ڶҪĿ֧ҵۡҲ˭˵׼飻ÿһȥҡۡˣпõһСʽ𣻵ģѰ̽أǶڵ裻壬
ոȥСֵͲҪߵڰ˵ھŵڼʮˣ˭֪СֵĳȱΪ˵ӣӣֱӹ㡭
δıʵû취ֻ˵Ŵ磬ҲǸող֪ۡϢͻҪ෽׼׼㡣
⻹࣬ոȥСֵ㣡žһӾչüͷ˶٣ֹص˵˵һ̣СֵĲҵ԰ɣǺǣʲôҪСֵ㾡˵
ţ統Ǳߣѩ˶ѾȥˣĲƻ⣬οԷݽ޲УҪҲûпɶ˵ˣҪľװޣǸȴֲžɷΧ֮ڵ飬͸ûʲôҪȥžˡ
ž⻰˼žҲ׹մݹϵȻݹϵˮҲȻ䵽ȥˡ
׵˴ʱһԼž⿪˳ӣͻصȥ
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žɻҪԷѩĲ˼˶ֱӾܾˡ
ţ統̵ԷҲǼʮӵ·ҲɢɢһЩ顣
ִⲻϣžա
žɷ֣Ҳ˲·˶ԼĿֱԹѩԼ鷳ǰɣӰûе飬ȻҲԣһھ͸Ӧǵġ
ѩȴüЦտ˵ǰأңһǮҲûģҲǷϴһ飬ҪɣȴϲŮӣҲûӿֻһλһ飬񡭡
֪ѩԼ̣û˵Ҿϲеģôš
˵ţԼҲЦ
Цѩɫ˵㲻һֱȥǼĶһΣ˰ҵ渶еķãҲڲˡ
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ѩҡҡͷ˵ˣӦòҶ˵ģ԰ɣ֪ԭʼ֮УһרſһйƶĲҩͽ۲ݣֲҩʵ̫ϡˣǼһ˼ʮҲֻڳɽһһ꣬ҲΪǽҪȥĵطǳɽԣҾ˳ˮۣ񡭡
һǼ֮ʮҲֻҵôһ꣬Ǻεȵϡ֮˵ܲҵҵˣҲô˾Ẓ́
ҺܻɣЩ飬ʵǲڰֽţ㬵˵
Ź̼˹ƶԼոջԼѪסƶѩո֪ⶾķӣҪӻͱҪ۲ݣڳɽܹҵõ۲ݣѩһҪȥĵطǳɽɡɲԣ
ѩ񡱵Цôңڲ߻һıɱһ㣬񡭡ôң
߻һıɱѩȻôȥֻѩɵ̫ˣɵġ
ܿ죬ѩ͸һϺĴ𰸣ǵȥҹͷưɣ֪֮ͷƣҲ֪۲ݣ˵ʵɣǼңڵϣԽⶾƶԽϡŹֵĶǼҵ˾Խϲԣ֪ƶ֪ҩǻϡ𣿡
⻹м¡˶٣ѩ˵۲ݵ飬˵ҵǧ۲ݣǧ˲Ρ֥ڣãпഺפϡ
Ĳ˼һЦ˵۲Ҳ֪ʲôĻɫ˲Ρ֥ڣṉ̀ԪĴ֮ܹ֮٣⵹ģഺפϣôܡ
˵ҲЦ˵ʵʲôΪֻǹһõԸ˭ҲԸǴȻĹɣǲȻ淨ҲΪֿܴڣ
ĲѩЦ˵ǰҲǲŹ񣬲ų֮˵¼Ҳ֪֮󣬵治УκοҲС
Ĳ˼̾Ϣһ˵ƫƫкܶ಻аҲˣϰղҲֻǸͷȨƵĹ̴ǾͲͬˣǿȨƺ;޶ĲƸȥѰҲҩ
ЦǺ𣿺ٺ٣Ǯ׬ǮǶ࣬ûȥҲźɡ
ѩЦ˵ǲǺ˵Ź̼ҵɣѾ֢ݺͲƸǮ⣬ؼܳҽβĲֻȥƫᷨ
Ĳ˼ٴ̾һ˵ȥ
һȥɽܺܿҪУΪֻѩĴ׺Ҫ۲ҲһҪԭ⣬һȻӺһЩʯǺܴҲ˵Դϵ⣬ûܳ׽ԴϸûҲûпܰݵڼ
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Ĳ˼磬Լһϴ֮⣬ΪĲ˼飬Ĳ˼ԼľһңԶ˺ܶ࣬ңһʼĲ˼ͺҲûʲô¿Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
ȴ˵ϴ˼ǡ


448 ʮ
ȥ׼ЩˣĲ˼ֱȻѰҡ۲ݡˣȻǵЩ
ЦЦѩ˵ϴСﲻһ۲ôȡ´ˣµļڣٷһˡ
ѩһ漴õ˵Ǽ۲ݲʲôطҶ֪֪һȥãⲻǰ𣿡
ǺǵЦؼң˵Ұƣٺ٣ҪԺǾˣǰɣ
㡭ѩŭȾ⿪Цô˼ҿɻһŮء
ܿѩɶ񶾵Ц˭û£ʶһֱӾȥ
Ĳ˼̾һŲסֵѩˣ˵ˣúõһļƻɣϵģҲӶ
ʵӾŹǶ֮ʹ̣һȥѰ۲ݣ˵Ȼˣ֯ŶӣҼԼεˣǼйֵˣֺʱҲǺõģΪе̽ջΣǺܸߵģǿ׳ҲǱģܹһЩʳﲹѰҵ۲ݵĻҲһЩ
һεԭǣǰ˸Լһ٣ܶʱԼҪصĶڱƲѵ֮¸¶˳ȻԼһֱڽ߾ȫڸǣԵģĲ˼ѩĶԽԽ
治ģھŹ̼ңĲ˼ԼָͷѪʱ˵ı飬ͺ˵⡣
һΣҼṦ򣬻һ֮һҲԼĿ飬Ĳ˼ѩǡ
ţ֪͵Էſڣû뵽ӡɣꡢɣϼ棬Χۺ٩˵ģȻһ˴ɳĮһ·¡
ȻɫΣԼǾԼţЩͷ˰ɣڨڨĽһ硭ȻͶ㵽һȥ˶˲赹ˮ
ҲΪ⣬кĲ˼ѩˣһЩ
˵ʯӹѾˣǱߵЩ⣬ԭԭϸϣͷЩֵڵ䣬СʦǸҽ֣̫ˣǵҪʦ˵ֳֵ̳ҪȻǾǱҲӣʮҲһ׮⡣
۶Ž˵ԼҲһЩǰ׼ԴǣЩ۸񶼹ҧ֣ûʲô󣬷ҪٵǮȥÿʲôĿ֧ϣȴֻ۲Ҫְ
һ¶׬һǮôȥ
ԭƻӦһʱԼǸӦгģԼߡ
Ҳû취飬ǱߣʹлҲܳһԼһ飬ضòٵ·أһһͣȻͲˡ
룬ЦЦ˵ǲ׬˺ܶǮôôôżŶˣһմĺѾ˰ɣЩҲ͵ʦǱߣͿ԰Ϲ̨ˡ
ҡͷ̾һش˵㲻˵¶ãһҲΪҪֻеˮƽǶһ벻ֹأСʦϹĺˡ
һֱֲӼӹɳƷԭΪ̫ãСʦǱ߲ҳеЩЦá
ԼÿһεЩʯϣǲȥõģͷȴʲô鶼ûɣ
̾һⶼǹԼɣ̫ˣöˡ
ץץԴĿתĲ˼磬Ĳ£Ҳе鱦ҵҪĲ˼ȥ취
˭֪˵ϵ飬Ĳ˼̰Ŀתɣ꣬ɣֱһɳĮľ飬Ĳ˼ǳš
ЩգְĿתɣϼɣϼһ죬æͷܿߣĲɣϼܣҪһԴ⣬ɣϼһĨڡ
Ŀתӣô˵ҲԷĹɶ֮һɣϼĲ˼ɶŮģ۲ƽϣһүǶҲܣ
ϾŲ豭һڲ裬۾컨壬˵硭𡭡ǡӦáӳ飬ţǡӳ顭
һ£ϵĲ趼ϣЩЩʲô˰ŸòĵģӦֻԼˣ
һͻȻ˵ӣܾöû˰ɡ
ԶԶԡϴηʣѾǡѾǰǰ˰ɡһΣӵǺܿľ͹ע
÷ǶٹأҡааһЦ˵һ˳ȥ׬һʣǺǣ͸ÿ˷ʮĽɡ
ʮ顭ʧ˳ˣҡ
ӣתͷ˵壬һֽ˸Ҫȥⳤɽһˣ壬һʱ䲻ڵֵĻɣ
Ͱ飬ǽ˵ģʱʱ̶̿ڵѾǼ߲£۵ͷ˵ãæǣｻҾͺˣҪҪˣҿŰ죬Դ⡭
ЦЦг˵죬ӦһֵƵĶ͹Ȼ࣬Գʵһµ棬Ǻǡ
һ¶ʱ
Ϊ飬һ˸Ҫȥһ˳ɽڶ飬ʲôʱһԳʵĶˣ
ô˵Ϊе䶯ЧӦģû뵽ɣϼɵԴԭӱʣͷ̧һ£Ĳ˼ɣżҳҲûһۣһ˷ܵıҲûС
ѩȴԷھûʲôϵȻҲͲôˡ
ˣµˣҲֻۡˡ
Žʵ硭׸磡ȥɽʲôʱȥʲôлУʲôʱҵһô֪һֵôɱôʲôʱ͹
ǺǵЦЦ漴ֻͷȲ裬ӵθڣŵ˵ȥɽ飬Сɣڶ͹ˣʲô֪ˡ
˵ֺ꣬һˮŶ˵壬ϼȻڼһпͣǽӵǱȸһڵжѣȸÿʮ³֮󣬻һʷĽ𣬵ʱǸ֣Ҳܱ֤ܲܳɣ˵Ǳʽʵеףһܳɣ֮Ŀ֧⣬ʣµǻϸ䣬ô
ʲô鶼ûһʮɣϼٲʾǾЩ˵ȥˣԣɣϼ̧ԴҪȥðգ
˵ͷû취ⲻôֻȥ̵죬Ŀ֧ˡ
Ŀ֧Ȼǹ˵Цģ⽫һ£ڵҲֻ˼Ѷ⣬ǣ۱󣬽һγ֣׬ʮڣͭǣһô
οڣ۸ɣϼˣֽʮ򣬵ʲôĿ֧ôӴ
˵ţɣϼʼÿ˵˺תˡ
ۿֻոյ˵Ϣһ󼤶ɵϣɵԼɲ˼ᶨ


449 Ļ
˵۸ɣϼ˶һݣһǰˡѡ˷ܵĲǮ׬ܸɽˮô᲻Ը⣿ʲôûʮĽţٺ٣ô
ɣϼסԼ˻תʮֺ˶Ϣѩô죿
ǣȴٽһָʾɣϼתˡ
˵һڵĻѣֻҪμߣһݣѩȻûһݣȻҲзݣӦṩ˻룬ɣϼתˡ
ֻ̾һѩһβԼԼһѩһԤ֧ǾԼ˻ɣõʱ򻹸㡣
ѩҲЦЦΪԼϵĿɽԤԤ֧һǮҪö࣬ǮԼϣǾ޶ȣûơ
ԣѩͲɣϼԼתˡ
Ĳ˼費ҪһԤ֧Ĳ˼簮ĿһۣǰԤ֧ҲûȤ
Ĳ˼ѩ˶ԽǮûʲôȤɼһߵӡ
ô˵̵ĳƱܹԼ˻ϣȷһ飬ʱƫƫҲҪԼһԤ֧Щż
ҲƵģ˰ΣҪɣϼʮֽȻݵǰ˵ӣҿ˵ʮ飬ġ
ǰӴУ硭㣬͵ôһ
ǺǵЦӣʶôµĹʣѾǰˣǽ𣬽𣬱ˣʮ鶼ûأҾ͸һˣǶһʱ㹤ֻĳֿ϶ҪҪ
ץԴҲ˵滹رչһ˵ˣ˿ֽҲûУ
ΣӲһץʮ飬˵СҲ⣬˵ˣҶԹ𣬶ҵĿ϶ҪܾˣǾƷԼĹɼٺ٣ôԲԡ
պʮĳƱֺٺٵЦ磬£ҾлˣǾ̸̸ǰԤ֧飬ðɣ
ΪҪôҪʮǮԤ֧鶼ٶ˵һ䣬û뵽һﲻҪ΢ʮ齱𣬾ȻƤһҪǰԤ֧飬һ˵ö֮Ȼ
һ£û˴ʶ˺һ˵Ԥ֧飬ڻûõҪˣȾˣʱ
ƤЦ˵磬Ҷû㵱ϰˣ׸磬ûǮҶģɣ˵ڣ˭ĽǵĹɣȴЩҵְҵߣһ뼸ͷǼĸĸϰȵ㣿Ҫٴһٺ١
Ͻ˵˵ˣӣͲҪϰˣȥ˾ҲãȥҲãҼǿĺ֣͵ǸԼ뼸ںˣǸɺ¶ٸһ£ȷһж
Ͼѩ˵ģҲֻǸţʲôûУⳤɽôҪûһûожǿǱȵ붼ࡣ
ۻĿ˭ʲôˣǶ˵⾭ѡ
˵˵ȥӾû˹ѡ
֮£ֻ˵ɣٸٿ飬ѣҵҪҵˣҡ
ʱĲ˼һ˵ͭ۱˾棬иѣҪұڵĻҿȥԡ
ҪұڣȻҪŵùģȻĲ˼ڱ˾ѣǵȻò飬Ĳ˼棬ùȥϹҴö౶
ӿóٿǮϽתͷҲĲ˼˵ϴ󡭡¶ǺǣȻá
Ĳ˼˵ʱһ˸УԷϰ塭ջ
һ漴ϲǺǣող˵ŵû뵽͵ˡ
˵ţվӦһ漴ӭȥҲϽ˳
û뵽ͻ˾ȻҲʶˣܽĶӣܾ
ܾǺǵЦЦҲ˵ͣſڵ߶ʮֵӷŵϣȻЦ˵Сϰ壬ǩգҾ͸ˣǺǣҸã
ҲǿͿ˵ϰ壬ҲҶүӴãǺǣææҪȻҰһ
ܾЦЦ˵ǲϰˣϰ֮һõȥ
˵ͷȴûȥָӣֱӽᡣ
ִⲻȥܾҲִӳ̽ԴЦŶ˵ϰ壬пգ۸úõľ۾ۣȾơ
ҲͷЦãˡ
ܾ֮ص档
û뵽һ˵棬̾ʹӡ
¶ģһЩ鱦Ҳв;ĽŶ棬һ˵ҲжʮӰ˵ģҫ۶Ŀ
涼Ӹ۵˶ˡ
ܣʮֵƣֻǴԵĹһ£ֵܼҲǹڰɡ
ͷģĿɿڴ˰Σ
үͷĶ۸пѣҲ֪ʲôֶΣܽŪôĺö
һǾ˵࣬ŶۡӡĲ˼ɣϼ˵һҸүӡ衯ģҪȥҵҪֵܼİٷ֮ʮ壬ҪȻүǱҲýµİٷ֮ʮ壬ǵ󣬴Ҷչɷݱֺ졣
⼸ʮƷֵܼѾڣٷ֮ʮķֺ죬Ҳǧľ޶ֵÿͷϣǿɶϰ
ۡӡɣϼ˶ʱЩˣһСģÿôһ롣
ӻعϸϸĿһͻȻ֮ȴðһ䣺ЩôЩ찡
Щʵô죿
ץץԴã˵죬ҲǣЩԭҵõЩ˺ܶࡣ
֮Ӿ죬Ϊո񱤣ӼЩĲƱΪϵĲ죬Ҳȷǲͬһ
ͼתƻ⣬û뵽Ĳ˼ҲΣҼǵãҲһǿֳģЩ
Ҫ˵Щ·治Ұ滰˵
ʵǸƱѻɽĵط˶ƴЩС鱦ңȻõЩ鱦ȴ˸ֿտա
Ȼȴһʱȥ鿴˼ӣʵǸûȥѡĽ鱦һԶǬװˣװ˺üӣؼǣûû¶ۼ
˶ֿտգȴƾı¡ǬıȫȫĽЩ˳
ܽ͹ЩֻڶĲ棬ѡֵǮѡ
ܹܽӦŪһ±ˣǾ֮ܽ䲻Ϊ˵Ҳˡ


450 ̼
ۿһ˷֮ɫ¶У˽һµ£ǿܹſһЩЩֵƣȻһЩܳŵסһʱˡ
˵ôõĶһЩӻ治̫ˣЩɶǻʵĹŶǲ˵ܲײˣԽԽǮνϡ󣬾
šһ񱭣˺һźЩ˵ռǳ߳͵񡭡
ЩǵĲ˼磬ôһ˵ʱַ¥ʱڵ棬ԲܴĶһ㣬ǶԹһҲҲõοۣ˵Ӧò
Ҳ˵Ĳ˼ĵģʲô˶ûܹһȴô࣬ҪȥĻƱֻ˵ļʡ
ڣ˵ЩֻһЩĲ˼Ҳٲġ
ȴ˵磬ЩôԽԽ죬ҶùģֻǡŪˡ
Ǯɣû˵
漴ִ淭һ嵥ԵĿһ£һʮ˼۸ȴǼʮĶС
΢΢һ£嵥ݸɣϼɣϼ¼˲ᣬ嵥һֱȷ
Щ飬Ѿ쵽ʱˣӦǳзʱ䣬οɣҲӦٲһٹ͵ġ
û뵽ʱһˣ
һӣ۾εЩˣĲ˼˼⼸ʮöĳ棬ҲͲʲô𺳣Ƕ˵ղعݵĿⷿãҶ࣬ۻң
һΣӵϰɴﾭԽкû뵽һǸоֱĿǰʱ򣬼ֱ֮
΢˼䣬һ̽ͭ۾ҲŲȥ
Ϊͣһ⣬Ȼ鲻ѣɣϼҲΪҪˣʱҲû뿪
⣬ǻͷָͣ磬ҲͲô£ӡĲ˼硢ѩɣ˱һӡ
Ĳ˼Ҫȥ˾ұڣȴҪɣȥԷѩһͨҹ䣬ᱻϰǳץȥ˵ȥ۲ݵ飬ϸҪ̴
ԣѩҪϽҸطԼһȥоо
ϻʲôʲôʱѩûϼͱסˣѩıɽ
֮ͭΪ£ʤȥˣѩıҲֻʣɽһˡ
С㣬үȥɽ˵
ѩԴ룬˵ȥ˵ѾӦ˼һȥһ飬飬òߣȻͻȥ
ɽȴ˵С㣬ֻǱڣϣС㲻Ҫ
ѩҿ˿ס߹ˣתת˵磬ȥ͸Ұ˵ҵĻѾ˵˿ڵģҪһȥҲɣǾѼ۲óˣҪȻ͵Ұ˾ˣٻȥ
ɽҡҡͷ˵С㣬ֻǱڡ
һ仰û˵꣬ѩ֡񡱵Ц˵ˣһΣҲЩ֣磬Ҳһȥɣźģÿ˶Էǧ򡣡
ɽٴҡҡͷƽ˵С㣬ϴΣҴӦ㣬Ǯû֣˺üΡ
ѩЦ˵ϴΣϴҲֻǾǷÿһôһΣһǧн갡ҪҪȥ
ǡɽȻһǧջ󣬱һ˲֪ٱɵ˲Ķ
ѩϽ˵ˣ磬ϴβǷǵǮôҪֽתˣ̾ͻǵǮ
ɽҲ̲סˣ˵ת˰ɣֽ㡭С㣬˵һΡҪã
ѩ񡱵ЦʵҲò˶ãĻ죬Ҳߵ죬ѶѾתˣһڣסֻǻѣ³֮󣬻ı꣬ңڻֻˡ
ɽ̲סһô˵㵢һڣһҲкüǧ
ٰϼҲֵõġ
һݰɣʲôʱߣǵ֪ͨңŶˣС㣬ǧĲǱߣүͷϡУҪǲߵĻͭ¶棬ҪȻҡɽ˵
áѩ˵ͷ
ֻҪԼͭ¶棬ɽͻ飬ѩȻ
΢ɽ䣬ѩҪȥҸطȶֻû뵽һתȴסˣ֪ʲôʱǳضԼˡ
ѩһţĴһŤͷܡ
ǳȵܡܰ
ոѩͣ½ŲعͷǳһЦڨڨ˵֡ģˣҡǣҪȥ㡭
ǳȴתͷɽȵðҵĻҵģŻңߺߡ
ѩϽ˵֣ⲻ£ҵ⡭
һȥǳѩֱ棬һ䣬ȻתҪߡ
ѩקĿһ£ǳת֮ʣٴߣֻһۿεɽѩ̾һ漴קԹԵĸǳ
ʹǳƤӵ£ѩҲеǷܵһΣȴΪɽڳѩȴҲˣԼҪܵĻɽˡ
˼ǳعͷһ۸ѩԭŵǺڵѿ֮
֮ͥ£ģʲôӣǳȵ
ǳôǳ⻹ãһǳ⣬ѩƵĳǳһǣ漴ȴקø
ҲҴҵĵطѩһŮһʵ˼ޣӼǳһûʲôøУֳԼһͨСУҲȥģѩ߬ţģĸǳ
ǳıӶЩˣĿ֮£Ҳֻʱˣתͷȥżһֱǰ
ʱǳѩֱͭǴƵ꣬ӣǳһβûסĲңѡסͭǴƵꡣ
ǳķ䣬ҲֵɳˣϷſѩˡ
ǳüͷ˿ˣ˺һŶ˵ϰ壬ҲĬĬŵƽӹСˣô޷Ҫ̼ң԰ɣô˵Ҳĳ룬һЩĺá
νҡҡͷٺٵЦûǴĻСʱǰɲûҵһǰҵһֻǵ֮£ԱСǺǡҲƽЩ
㡭㲻Ҫ̫ˣҸ㣬ȫɸ˽լߡδŮҪ֣͵Žҵʦţǳ


451 
ЦϧǱߵķɣߣ
ѩҲе֣ҲǸֻһѣ㻹Ҫô
ǳסŭָ˵ϸʧȻĻϱ
㲻ÿЦ˵ҲòŸߣֻΪ˰СͻȻ㣬ýŮܺһ㣬һҳ
㡭ҳȥǳȻŭǳλʹһʱھЩȣҲû˸ǰĿ˵زƫƫ첻һζ˿Լǿ벻̡
ſѩ֣վЦݰݡ
ѩȴУҪ
ѩǳȵѩ֪֪γΪʲô
ѩȴܲ˵վһק˵ȵȡ
үүľɲˣ֪𣿡ǳȵжûүүˣ
ѩһӴסˣүү
ǳ˵ϴүүȥ֮󣬾Ҳû㣬ֱ㻹Ĵε㡭
ǳĿѩһγ͸ûȥģһ
ѩĬһͻȻͷ˵֣ҲϻȥӦ֪Ǽһ۲ݣѾҪʧȥЧˣ֮ǰұҵһµ۲ݣҵԴ۲ݵĶҪȻҪȻүү͡ͻᡭ
˵䣬ѩţҲ˵ȥ
ǳȵƾʲôȥҵõ۲ݣ
ѩ˿ĵͷȥ
ƾƾǳѩЩð
ѩٴ̧ͷǳһһ˵֣ûعһʱռ۲ݵϢңѾҵһЩ֤ڳɽһܹҵ۲ݣ֣Ҳܷһλᣡ
ǳȻð𣬵һѩ۲ݵϢ̲ס˴
۲ݣȷҲǳԳɽһ㣬ǳ֪ģ۲ĵطֱǼΪصĻҪҵһ꣬Ѿǧѣ˵ɽԲǼ֮Ҳδȥҵóһ꣬һ㣬ǳޱȡ
ԣǳ˵ѩǼ˶۲ݣ㲻ǲ֪ƾëͷδɵСӣߺߡ
ѩһ˵һʱ䣬Ҳ۲ݵ䣬֪һЩĴ˵æҵİٴɣ
ɡǳʧ
ѩ˵ͷʽ棬ҸոճＯһڵĻѣ㹻һɻᣬԱ棬ѾˣһƻҼڣҲһɵĻᣬ
ѩתͷ˿˶ֽ˵һˣٿ㵽һϣ
ѩô˵ȥѰ۲飬ΪֹĳɵİգֻһĻᶼ
ǳȴһ˳˼һγԭĿģܹҵѩүӲأѾʱ޶࣬Ҳϣѩܹȥүһ棬ȴүӵź
Ϊһֱүӱ۲ݹЧʧǳֻܱĿģѩȴ˵ĳɵİܹҵ۲үǳòúõĿһ¡
˵ʵĳɰգԭҲ㲻аգĳɰգһϣҲûȴڴࡣ
ãǳ˵ôİգ
ѩһ˵ѾܹпܵķΧȷڷԲʮƽ֮ˣܲҵõֻ˵⣬үүĸˡ
ıˣ졭ǳջ̾һ漴˵ɽǴϣҪװи嵥һ㣬׼Сиϸ𣬷򣬾ҵ۲ݣҲԲ㡣
֡ѩ˵˼ҡ˼Ĳ㣬ῴҡ
ҲΪԼĶӷĲ˼磬ǳΣĲףһ㣬ǳ֪ģԣǳżֹѩκθϵĹϸҲΪԼĲǰһ˵ء
ѩβǳ˼¾͸ǳһŶ衣
Ҳ˵İҸֻͨѣ׼ңԣٺ١ûǸȤ
ߡǳһһˣҲΪĲ£ܲҶ㡭һڡҿԸ˵ļǮ
Ҳӱ˺һһڣǺǣͦǮǵģϧǣһ򲢲ôϲǮУһȥʲô۲ݣҲԲҪǼʲô£ҴӦẒ́ҪϹǼңϵҲûУһ㣬ϣס
ǳҲٴκһ㰮ǮǲҪԸԸΪǼ£ͬҲҪһҵ۲֮󣬳˾ΪʲôŹ̵Ϲ֮⣬Ķùҡ
ƾʲôĶĹ㣬ߺߡҿ˵ֻҪǧ˲Ρǧڡǧ֥һˣܵõɣշǺǣĺ¶ƾʲôҾҪ㡭
ܵõɣշ⵱Ȼ֮£ſں˵ǳģ˭һһԼ
ǳ˵˵˵˭˵۲ݾܵõˣǼңѵûǧ˲ΣǧڣҲǧ֥ߣǼ˭ɣ˵ҵ۲ݣҲþһ˵ĹͣģҲˣοҪģҲȫʲô˲˵ģ˵ҲѾһڸˣ㻹Ҫô
Ҳֻ˵˵ѣȥҪ۲ݣҲǳǰҪֵ÷ŵһ
ԣ˵ҵ۲ݣǺǣмֹͣԸó٣ǮǶ˵㣬ߺߡ˵ʲôΪʱ磡
㡭ǳٴҪΪû㣬Ǿʲô취ҲûˣߺߣǼңҲԲ׸ˡ
ѩһ˵֣ʲôʱˣǻЩȥ𣬰֣֧ȥ۲ݣʲôҲҪ˵׼һЩҪĶҵ۲֮ʲô˵
ǳ̾һһ˵ȥǶҳȥ
ͭǴƵ꣬ѩһߣһʵų۲ݡǧ˲Ρǧڡǧ֥ͻɣ
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455 򵼵Ҫ
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˶٣Ԭֽ˵Ȼǹȴط飬ҪЩΥҼ͵飬ߺߡ
ЦЦطһ˽ԽʲôΥ
ԬüͷƳһۣ˵ΪҲ֪ɽҰԴǷḻҴϡ֮Ҳ˲רԴɽΪҵСǽΪƵɽǮǣЩԵģҲԽԽ񣬰
˵Ԭ̾һԬ調˳ҲЩһʲôˡ
ٴЦЦ˵Ԭϣûѻ˵ףʵģһλѣһֲֹ˵ֻⳤɽ۲ݣܹκֲԣǾô˵ɣұԭǸӵģЩΥҼ͵飬ҿȥġ
Ԭһ漴ʵ治ɽģֻ۲ݵģ
ЦЦ׼õһǮ˳ŵԬǰһûĳƱÿ֪Ƕʮֽ
ԬϣҲ֪۲ݵĴ˵Ƕʮҵ۲֮󣬻аʮ򽱽ôĽԬԸȥðΥҼ͵ķգֻɽ
Ԭٴһ۹ҲʼΥ£ھ˵˲ɣҴӦˣԺҷƭңһᷴڣ
Ҳص˵Ԭϣ˲˵һԾŶ٣˵ĻҲοֻҵ۲ȥˣô˳飬ô飬ҲȥҪð֮ô
ͣͣԬʵǾͺã㼸ʱ
죡شţ컹ҪھƵסһҪɽõһӦɹȫ⡭
Ԭ誣˵ԬϣϳɽҹпܻϱȽϳʱ䣬Ԭڳɽгģ˵ɽ̽ĸ־飬ԬоԵȨԣҪЩʲôԬƼɣҺȥ׼
Ԭ룬˵ͷȻ˵дӰɣĲɹ˼ȥ
ԬдõӣϵӣԼʱ͵ص㣬ȻŴǱȥӡ½ǰˣڶһ磬Ԭ誾е˾Ƶǻϡ
Ԭ誵Ҫ󣬰䣬ÿ˶ҪһȻһȰ·ɽ
Ͼڳɽ£ҲܼĵҪҵ۲ݣûǸܣԬ誵飬ھֻɽȻپϡٵĵطȥңĻԾɽеʱպг̣ңɽɽңô˵Ҳȫࡣ


456 ʦ
Ԭ˵ͷͷǵ˽סЩ죬ѵԬ֪۲ݵ顣
ԬЦЦ˵Ǿ˵¶Ҳûʲôģʮǰҹҡ
Ͻʵǲǣ
Ԭ誵ǵĻǸ˾ͼпүӣҲ˵ү۲ݣӦԬ誰æҵģҲ˵һ˾Ӧ˺ܴİա
û뵽Ԭ誵ЦЦ˵ǣҼǵҵˣӦշң˼죬Ҳûš
ûҵʧе
šԬ誵˵ͷ˵һȺˣߵҲͬһ·˵һˣȴҵһ۲ݣ֮󣬾Ҳû۲ݵˡ
һҵ۲һˣɾүˣ˵۲ݼܾˣҲϡƷԺôͻûء
Ԭҡҡͷ˵۲Ȼϡͨûã˵ϵ۲ݵˣҲǼΪϡ٣ԣ۲ݣһҲֻһܿͱ˵Ĵ˵
Ĳ˼˺һ˵ԬϣҲϵ۲ݣ
Ԭ誵˵ͷϰר۲ݣӦϵðɡ
Ĳ˼硰Ŷһټ˵ȥˣȻҲʶʶ۲ݵˣҲֻѩˣΪֹû֪ѩʲôطأҲ˵Լ⼸м䣬ûϵ۲ݵʲô
Ĳ˼粻ɵһʲô֪һˡ
˵۲ݣվĵطͬĵҶƲһ·ƾһ㣬ҪˣӦöϵóġãԬǿ֪һ۲ݵԣ˵˳
ȴ̾˵ⳤɽôƽģô⼸ˣҵʲôʱ򣿡
Ԭҡҡͷⳤɽȷʮƽȥĵطռ˾һֵطԬԼҲ߹ٵĵطЩľٳȥȥĵطҪϡվʣʵҲǺֻܴǣⲻǺܴһƬȴ㹻Щ˺ķѲٵʱ䡣
ѩҲ˵ܹĿֻмʮƽķΧ֮ڣֻҪҵǼʮƽû׼ҵѩǣҵ۲Ҳ˵һҲ˵Ԭ誡
Ԭ誳Ĭ˺һ˵ۺϸָƲ⣬˵ǸʲôСȷӦþүƷ֮ĳشҲΪվԲ˼ǲģҿɲұ֤
˺һԬ֪۲ݵĴ˵Ҳҹ۲ݣҲ°ѩпȷΧ˳˲ٵġ
󣬼ӣԬ誵ҪֱӴү룬ͽ뵽ɽȥѰпѩȷǸ
һг̣Ҳֻ˹·֮ԭʼн˲ʮһСƽϣӪ
˵ٶѾǷǳ֮ˣΪһ·ʮߣңֻ˴죬ôԶҲѾˡ
ֻԬȴҡҡͷ˵һ·ʵǺܺߵһΣҪԼһߵĻӦòֹЩ·ǹԸ߶ԶʲôطӪԬȻܸ档
ңԬ誸߼ˣ·̣ߵģҪѵöࡣ
˵У½ĸû˵ʲô޷Ǿ·һʱϳһ˵Ǻɵģžɸе
Ҳûʲôرԭ򣬾·̫ˣң󣬻֪Ҫѵʲôء
Ǵţ⸬ԬʱһЩҰҶһʳ׷һȺ˵ҲԵ
ΪԭʼɭӪֶ޷ʤԬ課Ҵ⣬Թ֮󣬾ôֵҹ
Ĳ˼ȻҲ⣬ΪŮӣֵҹʱͶڵһ࣬һֵҹʵҲӣԹ̾㣬ʱΣҲû˯ţӡ½ˣϻûʲô˯⣬Χ٩ɽ
ԣĲ˼һֵҹҲѡ
Ϊ˶࣬¶½Ԭ誰ŵֵҹÿҲСʱһȺ˵ЦУ͸ֵֵҹ
ҹʱԬֵҹԽ󣬾½ȱڣΪҹɫԽɭԽΣգǸʱ򣬸ָ޶棬ҲϳʳˣרҵıֵأȫȻ߲١
ˣֵصʱ֮󣬾žɣҲסȥ˯ˡ
Ȼ˲˯ûһžɾʹ
˰ӣ˰žɴС
ΪžҰϮ̶˳
֮£žɱԴڵϣɪɪŶǾֵĴţ˰ոȥʲô
ʱԬǻ˸Ƶģһ˫־ǹסĴѰſɵĶ½ȴžɣʵô¡
ڼˣžɴŴĴǱߡǱߡж
Ĳ˼еЦãɭ֣ڵֲ̫ͣɭҰˣο𣬾дҰޣҲ̾ͷϮû뵽žɾȻᱻų
Ԭ誾ǹԸһ½ˣúõӪչˣ֤˵İȫԼȴǹ뵽ڰ֮С
ԬˣһǿϤȻںڰ֮УȴҲʲôµġ
ʱ䲻ڰ֮б㴫ǹ졣
öӪﲻһţҰǴ׼ģû뵽Ԭȥֿ֮ǹ˵ڿ⼸ˣ
½ҲЩǹ֮ԬҲûϢ֪Ԭ誵ôˣֵʲôҰ
ҪԬ誽Ҫ½Ӫչˣ½ȥԬ誵
û뵽һڰ֮һϤϤԶŶꡭꡱĴԬֻ˹
һӪأԬ誱ǺǵЦλϰ嵨̫С˰ɣǿⶫ
˵ţԬ誽һҰڵϡ
˳һǶǣҲֻӣʲôΣգҪžҲ̫˰ɡ
û뵽žȴ͵ҡԴ˵ӣ治ոȥǶˣңжҲѸٵöˣҡҡոȥǽһˡ
ʱ΢΢ЦŴ磬㿴ģӣʲôôų
½ҲЦʵϰ壬˵ӣⲻԬ϶ץ˻㿴ʲôĶ
žɶ˵ոȥ治ҿġҿġǡһˡ۾۾ıʯ
ˡ˲Ц
طԼһˣﻹˣ
ġոȥǸˡǸ˺ÿ°žɱһĽеӣӦǱŵЩˡ
˯ɡȥ˯ɡ½Ц˵ҲǸֵˡ
žͻȻٴδһһ˫ָԬ誱һ˫۾ҲǱߣڻӳ£žɵɫͬһ㡣


457 ɱ
һɲ֮䣬ҲģģĿһЩֻģģĿһЩ
ΪǶܿ죬һζգۣʧںԭʼɭ֮УӡͬҲֵӡ󡪡ֲ
ǡˡͣͬž챦ʯһġ۾ͬһٶȣֱһƤ
ѾɫĲ˼ǵĵʵ㡭ôˣ
죬ϸĿǶʧķ򣬹˺һ˵ϴ鷳ˡ
鷳ˣ½üͷžɱˣҲˣǿʲô
鷳ҲǳԾѣһ֮£Բ׵˵Ļģһ˵ĻʱǾͱʾ鷳ˣңǾ޴鷳һ˵鷳
ô졭磬ϴ󡭡ڸô졭Ӽʵ
˺һתͷԬ誣һûʲôȽϿֲĴ˵
ԬЩĪⶼĶĶ¹·ʮĵضʲô鷳
ֻԬ΢Ƭ̣˵ǳɽһ˵ǱȽ϶࣬඼ǹ˲Ρ֥¹׵ȵȷĴ˵ңǴɫʵģȽһģҲֻɽ֮Ĵ˵ȽϿֲĹ£Ҳûʲô
˶٣Ԭ˵ɭ棬޶࣬ϻӡϹӡʲôĿ϶ǲ٣һͷҰҲΣյģЩȷҪúõעǣЩĶûҲͲš
ԬˣҹԭʼתʵдڵΣգȻָƣȻˣҲֻ˵ԬģƩ˵ĳЩԬ課֪ûԬҲͲ˵ˣӰģš
ٴγĬ˺һ˵ԬϣղҵȷһЩÿĶǻҪСһЩźãܲӪΧЩأԱ֤Ӫصİȫ
һ˵⻰½֣ƽȼڣԬ誶ЩΪȻӪһΣҰ޺»ԣд͵Ұ޿ҲԲóȻ
ôҲСǮԽԽ˰ɣз紵ݶͷলľԱ⵨̽ʲôգڼݵתСǮˡ
ȴǼ˵ĸһ飬˷ֵҹӪΧһЩ򵥻壬Էһ
ž˵ԶԶԡӣСֵ˵еʲô紵ݶҲи׼ոȥǶǶ̫ˡ
һȺ˵УӸĲ˼磬ȫָǮģʲôԸ㼸Ĳ鲻ԸҲֻţҪȻ˼һôĴʲôܲھ羰İɡ
Ԭ룬ǹȻ½ˣ˭ȥ塭
˵Уֻ½۾ˣԴ֮еĻ֮ľͺһף³ա֣ƽߴ׳˶ֻǳ֮еıڣЩҲһĨڡ
Ԭ壬Ȼֻ½ˣߴ׳ǹܺãԾԬ誵ǹڵְ
ֻǵʱҪʲô͵֮ĻأԵĲ̫ʣһǵʱҪҲܲ㣬˵һҪ뿪طҲûʲôҪ
ԣ½Ԭһ£Ҳһ򵥵ԤװãһȦӳӪΧȦȻһЩչͷӣװһСʯ飬һʲôӣ̾ͻᷢ
Ԥװúܼ򵥣Сʱ㰲׵漴Ԭ誸½ָ˼׵壬ͲӪ߱ȽϿĵط
Щ鶼֮½ԬŻصѱߡ
û뵽˻ûüһߴ׳һ硱Ŀһǹ˫ǹðһ⣬εü۾Щˡ
ƵǹԬ誶䶼Щʹģ˰Σ䡣
߻𣿡½Ÿߴ׳ʵ
ߴ׳Ŀǰ棬һԣͷȴ˶ӰСĺˮһ֪϶߻ˡ
Ҳˡ˺һߴ׳һ˵
ǹ죬ոպ۾񣬴ʵԱûС
һûô£ҲʴûУһ仰ԱûУԬ誡½һů
ڹؼʱ̣һ仰ʤˡʲôߡô¡öࡣ
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½ûĿǰɲõΣյ׼
šһַԸҶСһЩ
ߴ׳ǹĴѰĿ꣬˺һŵ˵ǶֲܿٶȺܿ죬֪ûС
û˵꣬½Ԭ˲õԤһ죬Ҳ֪ʲôʲôطӡ
ſ¡һԸȴһת˳ȥ
Ĳ˼ӣžɣһУȻȻľſ˵ϣС¶棬ͬʱָ˷
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ڰ֮УҲֻǿܿ಻Զļô֮䣬һƵɫϢǺŨԵЩ졣
֮Ըֱ˹ȥϵһ˫֮⣬ǰص˼˺һջǽѩǼ´ϡ
Ƿǳʱڣ£˰ȫΨһ
ϴ˱֮⣬ȻûǸӣӵ֮£ҲҲ˽
ֻ˵ǼôϣǹϢȻһգֱ֮ϣһգۣʧˡ
Ƭ̣ȷҲûǹϢ׼ȥ
û뵽һɲѱߵĴһ˺ѷεĽȻˡ
˵³գ
ոգ³һѿȫעĶǱߣҲ֪ô£ͻȻ֮;һʹǱʲôڴץһ㣬æ֮У³ճԱܵյԼֱۡ
һ³յʱһ󶴣ֱҲѪۣǱлһ룬ƤⶼѪܵġ
³ճԱܵһʲôȴʲôû漴ʲôҲоˡ
ϻʱ³ջڻſĴҿȴڵϣҶ
³յǼסĻſһϣҺãּۿ죬ֱһץס³տĵһšͽ˹ȥ
³磬𼤶˿һѱסЩäĿ³գȵϴ󡭡죬ҩ
³յƲأҲᣬС糤ĿӣѪ죬ĸϽֹѪˡ
Ĳ˼ӵСĻصƬ̣ҽҩ
ʱ³յҲƽֻһԲĽĲ˼
Ӹžӵǡޡ˼Ĳмɳӣʵʲô


458 ̫õĴ˵
Ĳ˼ӵСĻصƬ̣ҽҩ
ʱ³յҲƽֻһԲĽĲ˼
Ӹžӵǡޡ˼Ĳмɳӣʵʲô
ֱʱԬ課Żع½֣ƽ΢΢һʵϰ塭ʲô
ߴ׳ԬƣҪӵ
Ԭǹ˫ǹһҲܹӵȥǰߴ׳һǹǹҲֻʣһӵˣߴ׳ȻԬҪ
һ߸Ĳ˼³յ˿ڣһҡͷ˵ҲûҲ֪ǵʲôҾע⣡
ôע⣿һֹ
εɱ֡½һע֣һ߳˵ûİ취ֻܽؿһ𣬾Ҫɢ
ⶼ½˵ӡžͽıԬ誡ߴ׳Ҳһĵſ˹
³յ˿ڣվϸĴһȴûָǹɫϢڡ
΢΢һ˵ˡ
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ô˵Ԭ誵˻ʲôϾոⶫҲǴҴûģ⻰ȴĲ˼һ
ĹĶĲ˼ҲüЩ˵ûʲôѹڣһԵĿóЩ꣬Ҳ˵ôܹӦ˵ġ
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½Ԭ誵һĬȻˡ
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Ӷ˵硭ЩӣҲǡǴǹֵġҪ˵̱ӡҲҲһΣҲ뿴ʲôҪǴˣֵǮ
ӡžɴеĳһӶûɹʲô̼飬ӣһ£ܴ̼һҪٴ̼һѡոȥҪȻһӡһӡͰ׹ˡ
³յƽ࣬תͷϰ壬ϰ˵öԣڱ˾棬ô꣬ҲûɳʲôҪǲ˱㣬Ұɡ
֣ƽҲɬɬЦЦȥҲֻмȥȥϰɫ˵ʵϰ壬ǺǡҪųȥһʣҲʹϴֲɣȥͷѪˡ
Ԭȴ˵ˣ߻һ̫õĴ˵
˵Ԭ誶һ£ԬͣȴΪҪ˵θڣʵ̫áĴ˵ڣѾû˼ǵˡ
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һЩáĴ˵ִشǵļʧԬ誣ҲҪһ£һ£һЩŬó
ĪϮΣջǳҲҾʹȥ˯ԬҪ˵ⷽĴ˵Χ𣬰Բεˣ֧˶䣬ȴԬ誵ġ
ɽУأ˵֮ɽ̣֮ɽǡ֮ɽ˼ڶסľУʱ߾ɹšȣÿ嶼Զĸɽ񻯣йŮж񻰶ˣɽΪɽ
֮ǰĲ˼˶ĹɽϣԬ˵Ҳ˶٣Ԭ誽˵ΪɽҲһţŪóɽΧͿ̿ϵʴۣǣʴһλ񽫣նħֻǲҵúܣǿλ񽫣ͬھˣֻǽˣȴսսף֪˶£񽫵սսףɽеĻƤӾȥΪ˼Ļ
ƤӡҲǳɽ˶ԻǵĽзǶũ˻ļѼݣΣǵ˵ö֮ĵزһ㣬˶֪ģ˾ĻƤӣǾͲֻǻũ˻ļѼˣпҲ
һ˵ɽĴ˵ûɵһţһΣŹ룬ǰѰιƶ۲֮⣬ѩ˵ҪһĶĪѩ˵ġĶⱻƤӼȥĴ˵еĽ񽫵սף
֮࣬Ҫȥȴһ߲廰˵Ԭүӣ˵кö˵ͨĵط
Ԭʲôط˵ͨ
ȣʴ˸ʰѵʴۻרֻһиˣܣѵʴ۲ָһ㣬֪Ǹ񽫻ͬھҲɸȱѵʴıɱǸ񽫣
ԬץץԴҪˣǴ˵˵ӲҪʲô˵ƨֱʷ᲻ˡ
Ԭﻹţ˵УƤӼȥսۣҲһ޴©Ĳ˵ս˵ģ˵ʬףҲûŶ԰ɣսۣô˵Ҳǽ񽫵˰ɣʴɸһʬʰһûȥ׷ʲôģɻƤӵȥ
Ԭ죬Ͱһ໰˳ڣӾȻ˵ãʴ˵ǼȻѵȶҪҪĻƤӣλʴȴֿˣҲ֪ˣ©©ٳ
Ԭ課˹ȥҪǴ˵Щ˵ûɿɽģ©ٳҲã©ǧҲã£ֲұģһ˵ġ
һԣĬϸϸƷζԬ˵˵ԽԽ˵ѩ˵Ǽйء
ʴʲôģȻǲţӶ鿪ʼܵĽϲйȻҲͲʲôʴ۽ˡ
ľģģҲʶϻǴڵģԼҲһͦ˵֡
оһЩ˵ѩԼı¡ԼҵסǬȵó˶ͬڡ
ߣȴһŵˡ


459 Ұĵ
٣ţϣŲٵһЩ
ѿ©ٳ񻰴˵ɲһּأ飬ҪҲͲʲôˡ
ô룬ȴ˵Ҳ˵ǻ˸Ӿ÷˼иʴۡҪѡ
ɲԸȥ鷳
ֻһһٺ٩ȴԭɱջԾ
ȻĪϮ³ˣһӪҲû˶Ҳ˵ٴҵΪֹǰȫġ
ڵˣصʲôѣǺˬҲҪ̸ЦҪȻһΣվͿ޿䣬߽ԴɳӣǻʲôڣʲôѪ⡣
ԣΣչȥҲƽҲ˵Ц
ֻǼոշһЩǱߵıװã͵һ󡰶Ŀ졣
ңһգۣУ
Ԭ誶˵Ҷ֪ӦԬ誸½õ壬סһͷҰ
ոմҲžһĪϮе˰ҲҴ⣬̶ֻ˼һĿеķ
Ƭ̣УûĶԬĨһѺˮ૵˵ã׵ҰˣѶԸ
һҰҲ˷Цʦ˼Ұ˵ҰóԣǶҰʮǮһҲʮ
Ԭסӣһ߲һ˵ҪСģ׿ƲҰһͻϣ˵ҰϰٽСɣ㣬СҰ
ҰкзŭеһЩӡ½ȼЩȲĶ˹ȥҲŹҲſģֵģߴ׳ǶǹСǰ档
ؿһ˷ܽеҰأΧסԿȫ
Ԭ誶ʱüеҪСЩ
Ԭ誵ȫ˷ܵĺԼҰĽڸˡ
ԬŤͷ˵СҪСЩⲻͷСҰҲɱģ
ʵҲ˵ɭҰƤû¶ϲϲŪ֬ͿϣγһȻףǹӵѴƽ˵ĻҰҲ൱ǿɱͷҰ˵ϻҲɵ֡
Եһϻ˵ľ
Ԭſӵ˽еҰ
Ӽ˷УõԬ誵ĽֻǴСеҰΧ˹ȥ
ǰ½ҲȥΧҰڵصЩɽϣΪռ䲻ҰĶʮСһǶʮҰûʲôΣԣȥʱһ߰˸ˣԹڶ˺͹ԸʮصҰǾǶϷһɡ
ҲһҰʱͻ޹˼ɵȥΧ
˵⼸һЩѪˣոձĪϮһ£˱˵ˣȴʲôӶûһһӻͻȻͷҰ˻ѱŵһайͷҰȥ
Ȼ䣬Ұ˳ǰϻ½õףǸ嵯֦Ұ𲻵ˣʹв˳
ּΧҰϰԾΣʱᷢ񹥻˺ųŹӵΧܲŭ
һգۼ䣬Ұӭֱȥ
ܳҰɫһٶأŴðͷǸȫһĵطҰƺûκ˵ӣʱ־ͷ뵽ҪӶӶ
һԱߵ½֣ƽߴ׳ˣ½˿ĿҰĲӣ۵һ½ĿҰĲһǳǳİӡӣҰûô˵ǰҰϵĿ׸һӶ˻ҰȴһգͷһͣɲҪײ
죬ӴӴ½֣ƽҰһһһգۼ͹أȻҰһ£Ұһڵϵ͹ȥ
ߴ׳ǹĿҰǰܹȥȴҿǹǹӵһ㶼õɢô½֣ƽлڵϵģһǹҰһᱻ½֣ƽȴɡ
۳ҰֱԼɵþеôͶˡ
ҰϰԾΣպᲫݣĺǿΪһʼţҲȳģҪӣȻҲͲˡ
ԶԶĿΣգɵôеˣӡܣ
ʱﻹٿһͣƨɺ棬ʱʱĶһ£ŵÿҪˡ
ڻǱ׷ҰӵƨϽʵʵĹһ죬˶ʱңӭ˹ġ
ҪһأҰ˹ʵʩ
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ͷҰ̱˸Ұȴһתͷĵ
ٴζ׼Ұͣһͱ˹ȥû뵽Ұ֪ǺۻͷȻһڽĹҧס
ֻġԸԡݶѵֳһùһҪǰͱģֻʱֱѾñֱҲûǰͱȥһˡ
Ұ໡һʹǱѶ˲ٵݣǱһÿǻѪɵøϽɿ˿˺üף⵹ʧȥһĻᡣ
һȻɹˣֻǽ˵ҰƤë˵ҰܻӿԴ󷢣ֻøϽԱһҰѾע໡Ľţֳ˹
ӣûſŹӣ£ȴûҰҪ֮䣬Ұȴǰ
ʱɴһ˲˹ӣһֻ֣ǰһ죬͵ץסҰĶƤָӲץҰĶƤ档
һɲǼ䣬Ұ˷ƵģҪѲԴϵ֣Ҳҷֻ֣ýؽҵϰȥ漴ſӵ֣Ȼڳ֣Ұ
ƫƫʱ½֣ƽ˶һѿһľȻһҰƨ۶ͱ˹
ҰĵطƤ񣬵ѿ룬ƨǸȽϡ͡ĵطԳҰͱҪȻҰһǴ鷳Ұ⵽Ϯǻ᲻ݵľġ
ⲻ֪⵶ӺľȻһͱҰƨɣҲһҲײͼƨϴʹ
ʱֻ֣һȭҰ۾ϣ̣ܸоõһȭѾҰԴȥˡ
ҰҲûϢڵء


460 ·
Ұֱӵڵأ½֣ƽĨһѺˮһЦڰҺֱײļһˣ
漴Щɻƾ˵һһʹͬҰƨҰҲһȻһ˶סҰĳײ
ЦЦ̯֣һȭͷԴʯ飡ʯ棬մһЩĶ
ϵʯ飬½֣ƽȻˣʯֱӴҰԴֻҪ㹻󣬿ܱȿҪһЩ
ҲֻΪΣ֮ʣŷеǱܶѡ
ʵǱܡֶû˵ض£ÿ˶пܱŷԼõ½֣ƽǶӣԡǱܡֶȻҲİԣΣʱ̣ܹʯֱӽͷҰҲûʲôֵˣҲпܱԼ޾Ǳܱط
Ĳ˼ȴͼֲˣҲֻ߹һ䣺û°ɣ
ӵʯͷһ¸첲һ䣺ģֶľˡ
˵ʹ಻Ƶģһµǲ첲Ҳˡ
һȴһһһ㶵ģ˺һ˵硭㡭ʲôʱ
ͷǼ˵ûͷҰͱ½Ǹò˰һ߻ֱۣһû˵
룬Űɵ˵ҲеҪǼۣٺ٣û׼һҲܸɵͷҰ
žɴһͷҰ˰β˵ոȥɣӡ
˶٣žתͷֿСֵܣ˵ǰǵģ᲻һոȥֻǶˡӡ
žô˵Ҳ޷ҪѰһϵİοǰǶͷҰҪöˣ״ٶȣͷҰҪֲࡣ
֮£žǰǶͷҰҰҲһͷˣûв޳ṩһζ͡
ԣžţǰǶͷҰ۾˵ģǶֻǴ嶼˴
ǰǶкüʵʵĿˣң³ҲʵʵڵıϮˣһˣʵ
һû˵ôǮģУˣһ˵һҳȥڵϵҰ
ͷҰ˵ҲһʮϴɾҲнﾻ⣬㹻Ÿ˳Ϻü죬ҲΪṩ˺üĿ
һν볤ɽԭǼƻܹ͵ȡĵĲһʳʳϴ㹻Ĵףĸʳ﷽棬ȴֻ˺һ֡
ҲԬ誽ôģϾٴһЩʳļᱳнкܴİ˵ԬǾ鼫ḻˣԭʼɭֻмʳҲ̫Ŷӵġ
½˵İ£ӽҰʿʲôģȫҪֻ˾⣬Ȼһִľˣܵȥ
ʱ䶼Ѿ賿һ㣬ȻҶЩƣȴûȥ˯˯ţ˵ڴҶѾЩ֮⣬ҪĪĶϮ
ԣٴΰԲΧˣһ뿴ӰŪտ߼ʰԬ誴ֻҰá
ֻžɺЩǣողĪϮִһͷҰ˵ҰϲҹûĶôôɣͳһͷء
ң½ˣǰĪĶҲȥˣǲ̫ˡ
ʵžɲ֪ǣԬ֣ԭʼΣҲңôεΣ֮󣬶ٴΣգҲѾЩľˡ
Ĳ˼ˣǾö˲ΣգԬ誶ľ½ԭԴڿϸɻģ£ȻҲƽöࡣ
ںʲôΣգֺǵֺǣóԺȵĳԺȣͽ
ӣȻó˿ҵı죬տ
ÿѼϵҰĿӣٰѴʳΡϣҰϣȻһתľһߴ궯Ұ⣬Ұܹܿζ
ŵҰ⣬ʱһ֬䵽̿ϣʱһɻ棬ңһζ
汻Щ˵ʱóƺõտϣ֭ôһˢմˣǴʦСһһҰͿˢʱһɿζ
ӺǡרҵĶԼ˱ǵ½Բסֱ̿ˮĿӵա
Ĳ˼絽ȲϼˣһտһʱԲˣ㿿ߣЩ˵ˣ˯һ
˵ţĲ˼㿿ļͷĺ۾
΢΢ͷ΢΢ЦЦ˵˯ɡ
Ĳ˼˵ĹϵԬ誵Ϳ˵ģҲ˵֪ǡˡҲûʲôֵġ
ֻȴЩˣһҲ֪ʲôãĲϴҲͰˣƫƫɣϼҲЩµǣԼ˵ˣλС㲻ȥԵĿóλС㣬ûӷ治֪һˣŮ˶㡣
ﲻޣҰ֬ɵĻǵ
ͷҰ㿼һСʱҲһСʱĿˮõһ鿾ýһҰ⣬һȻŵζ
˺һӲŰ۾˵үǶǸﲻ֣أǲԡ
ſˮȺģһ仰ôһ˵һģ¶˱Ŀ
õӸģֱȥģﻹа˹ĵӡ
õҰϣΪ۵һݵǰٺٵЦ磬⣬һ㣬Щ΢˧һЩĸǣ·ɲ
һ漴ӵ˼һֽӹ۵Ұ⣬һ߽ЦӣأǸôģܲл·ǻÿԼ᲻ŬǺǣôõĿķϣֻܸ㣬ԼͰɡ
ӡٺ١ЦЦ磬仰ҲͷһЩģǺǣһ飬һ顭
˵ţָһҰϵĺ⣬ݵǰ
½žɵһĪĿ֪˵Щʲô
ҳԱ˺ˣʱɫѾ΢΢¶һЩأʱȴֻ賿ࡣ
ɽΪǸγȵˣʱҪͭ˽һСʱ
˵Ӧһ£һ̾Ϳ̡
Ϯ³յǸһֱڶûŹңǶҲֻ·ɾ˴һ°ɡ
½˷׷ʰȶŻһʱ䣬ӽֻӿá
ֻôţԤװһΣ΢ǰҰǸԤװƻһ֣ԣٴʲôͲôˣȴŴӿζȥ²һԤװá
һߴ׳ץ˷ߵ˫ǹ򿪱գ򷢳ķ׼
ʶĽ쵽ǰ½һѿյýģˢӣعͷȥضǱߡ


461 ɶ
΢¶ĳ֮УֻӰ͵͵˹
ǡԬͻȻһ
ԬһУǼӰҲǡ໡һҺһӳ˳Ȼͷ˶ǡ
ոȥܡžɴһ𱳰ҪӴܡ
ӻعҲһ硭
ˣߡҪƽϡԸҡ
ͷϹᵽӵĿζʵڵֲסջĵǱ˹ͷξ˶Ҫʰ϶ҪһЩο⼸ͷҲûй˵˼òȥǣ˵ʰˣҲޣֵá
ۿżͷԽԽ˷ɿı𱳰׷׺ˡ
Ǽͷǵĵϣ໡ĺһ󣬹ȻҲ׷ˣڵᣬҵǰͷҰ࣬ȻԵõĳ
ԶԶĿǼͷ˺Ұ࣬һڡ
ܿ˼ͷǣɫҲѾ΢֮дУֻû߶ԶϾȻѩ
ⳤɽͺǹ죬ѩʲôģͬСӵ˵̾ͻ
úмѩ̲סЩ˷ܡ
Ĳ˼磬ʱʱĻȥһƬƬѩȻѩڻССˮΡ
磬ѩµŨʹ֮ҲǰããһƬ˷ֲ嶫ס
ңҲʼѩ
һɽ֮󣬵ϵĻѩѾﵽһʱԭѩЩ˷ܵļ˲ſʼ
Ȼֻбһ㣬ȴüӼѣÿһҪһ£ʱʱľ˵ڵء
ò˸΢ƽ̹һĵطǿ˼ѾĿ⣬ǳ緹
Ԭһ߿űЩӲĿ⣬˵˵ڣѩǲϡ棬ôʱѩôѩǺ
ҲЩģããһƬСǷֲ򣬾һΪص⡣
Ĳ˼˼ڣ˼ãóָ룬մĵͼϸĲ鿴һ£Ȼָǰ߱˵ҪȥĵطӦþǱ߻ʮĵطȻֱ߾룬ƵԼأƻҪ쵽졭
Уǰ治ԶĵطһϿȣǵúᴩȥǸݵͼʾǵϿȺ֪
ǰԬɭԣҲƾԼķУڱѩҲûйЩǣҲֻǵΪⳡѩֲ֧סг̺ʱ䣬ϾһʱҲҪҪĹͷ
ܹһǵҲһϻȥչԼǱߵ顣
Ĳ˼ĽܣԬ誳Ĭһ˵ҵϿȵıԵһΣûôߣĵطкüխĵطʮ׵ĵطҲУҪᴩϿȣõһխĵط취ֱӿԽȥ
飬ܿ͵õļ˵ϿɣϾµϿ棬棬Ȿһѵ飬˵ֱȥ棬ԵҪϺö·ΣҲ֪˶ٱ
Ĳ˼һµͼ߲ĵطһխĵططϿߵľ룬˵ҲʮףиխĵطǾͺԶˣ೬·̡
΢˼䣬˾;Ĳ˼˵˵ĵطȥߣϾҪշɶʮ׵ľ룬⼸˵̫ѡ
ʱ˱㵽Ĳ˼˵Ǹط
һխϿȣȵֻʮףȾͲ˵ˣվϿȱϵϣеһÿһ˶ðһ亹С¿ֻɫƣס
һʯͷȥ˺ð¡һ죬ţһƬʯײصڹȵס
һ亹ץץԴսսضĲ˼˵ϴҪǻطԡ
ڣߺü֮ڣûбطխˣУҲĴ·̣˵ѾƵҲٲԸ
½˴ŵǹҪԽϿȣֻҪǹ԰ţȥҲ̫ѡ
ĿǰȷʵѩӣԶҲͽֻǰõ´µľǹʹãɻɺܴѡ
ӸĲ˼磬ĥ½֣ƽǼȴóǹ׼
õӣǸǿȵάָͷϸʮ׳ȴԵٹõõһԳ˿Խ
ֻϵĽۣʵϣû˸ôϾ¹ԼСĴ£һãͼпܵ׵Ͽ֮С
׼׵֮½ԶϸؿһľѰԳܾ޴Ĵ
ʹֻʮ׵ľ룬ڷѩӰ֮£½ԶҲϸع۲˺һŰĿȷ
ǹɻøߴ׳ִУһǹá
šۡһǹ죬ǹͷקŸǿά׼ȷĿ꣬ǹͷ½˽˻߼ŪֵģֻҪĿܹ꣬ܵߴһҡ
֣ƽһֱʮֵϵã֣ƽó֡տۣܿϣҪһȥ
˵ʵӵǿжߣǹжһȥˣǶΣ̽ߡ
˲Ҵ⣬һӣ½䣬ԷһȻ½ӡ
½ҲһԾ˾һֻһ㣬ɿػ档
ʮ׵ľ룬½˲ʮӣ㵽Ǳߣȫ֮½ȡǹͷպãֽӣǰøӺһڰϣһűǿȵӣԳסκһ˵ĿԽ
ڶȥ֣ƽ³պĲ˼磬Ϊ³յֱˣҪţ϶ǼΪΣգԣĲ˼³һԽչ³ա
³ոĲ˼һ룬ţֻһ϶ʱ˽ʹӣҲһӱɡVΡ
һΣյףлֺͱտۣҲΪӱˡVΣͨٶȴļڡVµ͵㣬Ҳǰ
Ҳ˵п˵ˡV͵ʱ˾ͻᱻ˲á
˼źĶĲ˼³ˣֺôһЩĲ˼³˴䵽Ͽ֮ȥ
Ȼ³ոĲ˼˻һ룬ҲǰˣҲڡVеײ˲ãңеòסҵΣա
һʱ֮䣬е˶г
Ĳ˼³˱ϲסĻζҲǸԳһ亹
ϴ󡭡¿סӡ̲ס
졭ǳһͬʱûֺͱտۣһǰȥԮ׼


462 ǰܺ
ǰİţ˵³ոʹԬ֮⣬Ҫ³աԬ誡Ĳ˼硢ĸ˴ϱзɶɹȥ
Ĳ˼ֱչ³աԬˡ
ʱҲ˲ǰİţҪ׼ȥԮĲ˼³ˡ
벻ǣƫƫʱ򣬸ߴ׳һǡ
漴硱ĿһǹȴΪľ赲ǹСҲͽֻǽһͷͷһëǣòҽһֻһˡ
һ˾͸ΣˣóͷëӦþһȺǵͷǣͷǣҪôͱȥǣҪôͱһ¸ɵֻܵһˣȴǸ˾޴鷳
תͷȥֻľм䣬ȻԼԼʮͷͬţСǣɰԲĵĽӽ
һ飬ʶԼһˣԶԶıܿǼͷǣһü˼Σ֮С
ߴ׳˫ǹһֻӵȻװҩû˱֣ʮͷ֮˵̫Сˣߴ׳ܹŵͷ˵ûװõҩǾѾ˵ǰ
ȴŲе硭ô졭
ƫƫһĽû䣬½ҲһȱһͷϹӡ
֮УҲһ໡Ľ
ǱкϹӣ
һ˻ûɢĻϿȣǶһȺǻһͷܣǶж⣬ƫƫʱ½ǱֻˣܸǺϹĲ˼³ȴŵ͵㣬ȴԮԼȴʮͷǡ
˶ʶǵײкͽƻȻ֪ƾŸߴ׳һ֧ǹҲֵסʮͷǵĽ
һֵסԬ誡žɵ˱мΣգ֮£ֻýѾϵĻֺͱտȡȻӺȵ취ϴǣߴ硭
˵ţһǸӣ˵ߴ׳ߡ
ʮͷǣǱ˴ǽƻߴ׳˵һͷëͷǣסĵͺţƺߴǸϽǰ
硭ߴ׳ٴοһǹǹԬѾùǹѾĥĺˣ˵ǹӵǸɢҪǶԸҰСʲôģȻͲ˵ǶԸһĴҰޣԵľͺǳˡ
˵طľģһǹڣ󲿷־ʹЩ֮ϣǵв˵С˼㡣
ҲΪëͷǲ޼ɵĴߴȺ
һգ۾ʮͷǾƽʮԶĵطңȫǽľݴԵڻٵĴ˹
ߴ׳һӵûʲôôǹȴȵˣװڻ
ߴ׳šһԺ˼Ȼʼװ
ֻһ˲䣬ͷǵǰһĹӺһɨ̽һͷǵǶɨ飬̵ض
ֻһͷȴһҧָ첲ϣҲͷǴĵڵϡ
һַһŤֱӴｫ첲˻Ȼ䣬ͷֱӴء
漴һͷ˹¶Ѫ죬һȳζ׼Դһҧ
ʱҪջعȻˣæ֮УֻһƫԴұ̧סԼţֱӽ쵽ǰȻȭ׼ͷ˹
ͷһھͽұҧסȻûҧһɲǼ䣬޴Ǵ΢΢һƫ
һƫֵȭͷʧȥ׼ͷԭҪһȭͷϵģȴһȭǲϣȻͷǵֱӴѿȴûͷ̵С
һͷǣһȻӲõ˵ϡ
漴ͷƾһʱ֮䣬Ȼɥʧе
Ӱ˵ģҪĲ˼³ˣ֮䣬½ǱҲΣգһ֮£Ӹɴóһӣһϴ󣬿סţһʮ׿Ĳ˼˹ȥ
ֻҪĲ˼סӣӾܹȽҲòȥȻ˺֮ǣ취ȥҲ٣ң½֣ƽ˵ĸ
ǣϿ֮зѩĲ˼ȻҲӵĺͽҲ뵽ڹ棬϶½֣ƽ˷ҲѾֻҪõӣ̺ˡ
ֻǣĲ˼³ھǱŵ紵òסε˵۾Ҫץסӹӣ̸ףңĲ˼ԽȥץӣڵķȾԽһʱ֮䣬ԽԽΣա
Ӵ죬˼ӣû͵Ĳ˼ԼȴνϿȡ
֮УջӣһȻԼİȫۣһۣҪȱסԼϿȣȻ취Ĳ˼硣
룬Ӹոտϱտۣ˨ûüϣȴҲѵžһײ㲻ȣһڿյңٵĻĲ˼硣
һ˲֮䣬ײĲ˼ĺϣƬ̣ӲŻعţ㹷յıɱ㡭
ž±ϣ־£Ͱ͵Ĵеոȥôײˡӡӡ
ʱΪټһٶǰεˣ΢СһεķȣĲ˼̴еŴ磬
Ϊӱžײʱ仹ǸԭҪӸĲ˼ӣӱײ֮Ǹӵһͷȴ±ϡ
Ȼ˸һ£ȴĲ˼³˻εûôˣһֱӽӴĲ˼ߡ
žɻһȻҲϵӣĻϿ棬ž̾ڣһ£ȥӵ
ۿϵӾͿҪ£ž͵˵ϣһ֣ץסͷȻҲֱӴеעˣ
Ȼȴһţá
Ĳ˼һ漴ȥӵͷɽŷ֣ڣžɻǲӵıտۣΪûüϱʱտ۶Ѿſˣû׼žһֱӾͽͽϿȵȥ
Ŵ磬Ĳ˼Ҳһӡ𶯣㡭
žſ±ϣ۾еոȥǲ
ۿűεԽԽıտۣɫɷף۾еϴ󣬱ҡץסӡ
˵Ĳ˼ǿתһԼȡտۣһ߶ӽеӣ˵ܹˣֻҪտۿۺãûл֣һĿԻȥ
Ĳ˼ǰ³Ҳеֵܣ𼤶ץסӡ
Ĳ˼ȡһտ۳򿪱գȻϣȻȥӵıտۡ
ֻ΢һ飬ӵıտѿ


463 ƤӾ1
ǧһ֮ʣĲ˼ڰԼıտ۸ӿϣ׹ӵһ¡
˺ðΣӲ۾Ĳ˼磬еϴ󡭡ϴ󡭡һû
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žɻſڵϣ۾еǲոȥҪȻǻȹȥɣǡ
ӱ۾ŭӣǱ߻кϹˣﲻȥ
Ĳ˼е
žɵָʾ۾ʼӣֻǵӵıտۣǻֶ֣ڡVӵĵײžſڵϣʹ̫һʹûع٣žԼǰһԶԴҲ¡
žŵôһɿӣĽһ㣬ŤӣѸٵ˺ԶĨһϵ亹ոȥˡ
Ӹоһ£漴ֻصԶ̲ס۾еӣţûԱ
ʵʱһڡVεĵײҪһңϵõǱտۣƾžһ˵Ǻܲס
ֻžĨϵ亹ͻȻ֣ԼӲףʵԽƵԱߵϣȻһ㣬͸һսһӣȻһЩԼİȫǻس̣ԿԵõ֤
뵽һ㣬žҲһֱ۰ϸСһƣȻ
ʱžҲ̫ηǳԽʮͷǣѾƵʮԶĵطˡ
ɵڵ֮ʣڴӱܵһͷǵұѳ漴ͷ˵Ҳ룬ֹֻ˳ȥһͷǵϡ
ʱͷǵԴȻǱһѶۿڵľ޸һ㣬һֱѿӵĺ棬ɳȥüԶһͷȴ˵ϣٴͷһҧԴ
ƫƫʱһǹУۡһȴͷǵϣǹе֮󣬺ǾˣӲĽͷұߵһֻĵֱӵ˳
ͷǺ﷢һͳİʱһߡ
ֽ֮ΣģǸߴ׳ԭߴ׳˵ȥװӵģֻǸߴ׳ոƳöǣװöӵ֮ŷ֣ԭʱǹѾòˡ
ѾڵϣѾͷ˵ҪȾȻһģôľ룬ϵͷǿǹǴһͷͷǣҲ޷⣬ǹӵǸɢôľ룬˭ұ֤ǵͬʱҲڴˣԣʱǹûô
ֻǸߴ׳Σ֮ʣϵǹһ֣תǹУʹ̵ֱӺɨѾ˵ϵͷ
ңһ£ߴ׳Ҳһ֣ͷǵӶ˳ͷĵú˳ȥ
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ѹһɣڵһţ˾վûվȣߴ׳ұһ
ʱ߰ͷǶѾƵߴ׳ˣµĻмͷҲѾ˵һߵԬߡ
Ԭ󣬾ǻƴӵžɣǼͷһͻԬ誵žɾ;޽֮
ĺһλصVֵĵײȥȻ̾ͳΣգϿм䣬ζҲܵȥ
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ֻԬִûоõģҲǸողż񵽵һڴϸľһֶͷǣΣʵѾ֧穣
ߴ׳ұߵһͷǣÿ죬Ĺ͵һˣܿһҲûʤ׷һˡ
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ȴӱϮǣһ˵Ԭǰ׼ѾҧסԬľһͷǣһͷǵƨϡ
ͷǵĺ벿ƬȣͷٵҧԬ誵ľҲſԬҲû˵ͷǵʱ
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һңԬ誾Уߴ׳ߣȵסһߡ
ʱžһ߻Ӻӣһߴеոȥôû
ȴţӣ磬ͷǣѾģʰΪǺ۸
ͷҲأӣϻϽ취ȥ½һѡ
½ǱߺϹӡ໡Ľ½֣ƽҲˣһͷϹӿභ
ǱȻûʲô֮ǣ޴ˣҪһͷҰöϹӸ߸ߣôס
ԣΨһϣǣһϵ鷳ͱ˹ȥԮ½
˺һӡĲ˼硢³˲Żص±ϣȡ±տۣϵ漴ԼıóһѿһӣѾĿү
һ̣ӸҵƬ̣һգ֮ͶսпܸдսԣʹӻЩΣʹӻͷ亹Ҳʲôˣ˼Ŀĺһţֱӳ嵽ߡ
Ĳ˼磬Ҳҧһ豭ϸĿ֦˵Ԭߣߴ׳Ⱥ
žɽµ³գ³һֻˣϲܶһֻȴûʲô󰭣³Ҳһҧ˸ӣֱ˵Ԭ誵ұߡ
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΢΢һ˵Ŵ磬һӣһЩøߴȹȥ
žɡ໡һ̽򿪣ĽЩɶ˵ս´ϽᣬȻĲ˼³Ļּһ飬ŴУӣˡ
žɵĽһмٴ̽Ⱥһеߴ磬ȥ
ߴ׳ҲûУ̷ӵѾεĲӵǹһȻֱӽԼڻϣתͷֶžɽһһѡ
žɡá˽һȻ˸ߴ׳һѣߴ׳ͬһֻӣХţһ㣬档
ǣԭصģֻĲ˼硢ӡԬ誡³աžˣԸʣʮһͷǣҲûж
ԣٴδһͷ֮˵ҰȦСһϴҲȥæ


464 ƤӾ2
Ĳ˼硰šһȴû뿪³˺һͷ֮˵ҪСһ
ȻĲ˼˸յˡ
Ĳ˼֮˷ȺȦӼСһ룬ң϶赲Ⱥ򣬶žҲǴšӡ˰ѿվ³ߡ
ڼ˲ӣһͷǣǿûԶ̡ʼսͷëǣԣǲѡ
ƫƫʱıͻȻðһ⡣
⡭һ
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ԬϡߡУĹӣһͷǣ漴³ա
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³յ۾Щʧȴ˵ϰ壬طٲܴȥˡ߰ɡ
΢΢һ³Ҫʲô
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Ҳ˵ڣֻҪа˭ֻҪ΢ҰһʣͻһĿ꣡
ڣ³Ҳ׹һˣԼпڽӣһͲһҪһڻ˳롣
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漴ֽеӣ³ߡ
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465 ƤӾ3
һԼһ飬ɴ󷽷ĽԼ߱¶ƤӣϵĹҲֻܵСȰڶ
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׼
ʹǿ˵㶫Ȼ취ΪԼˣֻڼž֮УͻȻһ΢
ѩȻ𣬵ʱԼǸĻƤֵʱѩͳԼģֻԼѹΣȻû뵽¡
С㡭һֻһУǣؿϵļ⣬ǵһʹңҲСǻԭɡ


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ľïʢ⻹ǴҪģҪǣԼˣ¶ֶÿһҪѺôľ˵ʱʱĴϵˣȻûȥˡ
˺һ˻Ȼֱóӣڶмҿһ󣬲һֱƽԶ
ƫƫʱѩǱ߽һ
ѩ϶飬ٵȥϽŤͷߣֻ˼תľ˳˼ȥ
һ˼ľѩЩֵʵʲô
ȴʵңʲô£
Ҷˡѩ
ԭһǰպõһ£΢ȴһЩʢȥιѩ


470 ǧ˲
ιѩֽľһζεģ취һȻôʵ֮УȻ˲ٵ
ȥǱôѩڱ
̾һ̫ãƽ̨ϵһЩ֣ӣܾ͹ȥ
ǰһҪȥЩѣٴѩͲܹȥϾѩϵˣҪصöࡣ
Ƭ̣˵㻹ǰĵ˰ɣвٵҩԵĺȵҲܼһʱ䣬ܶʱ򣬾ҳ·
ѩЩĵʵ˵᲻һӶᡭᱻ
ǺǵЦҲͦõûйĶǣû׷ţ˵һԴǺǡ
ѩ̾һо仰԰ãȴǾ֮أЩʳˣѵʯͷ
Ķȷǲ٣Ҳ㹻˳ʮ»һ£һ֮أ
ǺǵЦһ˵ҪȻôȥҳ·
˭֪ôһ˵ѩ־СͲ̾ͳȥĲϴ󣡡
ûĴǰҲ֪˼죬Ҳ֪Ĳϴôˣ
ķǡѩһֱ۾ˡ
Ǻǡ˵ɣ˵ûԵģ˵Ҫȥɣ˵ҿķǣЩŮӣﵽЩʲôһЦһ˵
˭֪ѩ۾ٸ˵֡
˵һѣѩȴ㷴ӦҲûУعһûȤٺٵĸЦùһ֦Ūʱ䡣
˺ѩˣҪŪЩԵģҪ磬ȻҲ벻ʱ䣬ȴֻ֦ûˣȥһЩҲٿȥѰҳ·
˳˯˯棬湻˾ȥһЩһ졣
죬˹˸оЩվȥôʳ
ֻһվһԼϵʹһҲûˣţԭˤŵĵطһ¡
⵹ǱúʹͷȴһоûˣҲ˵ϵˣڶ̶̵ӣȫָ˹
ĪۡĽһͨԭ
ȫˣѩҲԵĸˣһʱѩļۣҲ˺ܶ࣬ޱһ֣Ȼ̫ȴضˡ
ֻѩ뿿ʯڣ˼֮ɫͻȻЩȻ죬Ҫ˵ôģǿ˸߲ҵѩջû˵ڡ
Ϊѩ߶֮ʱÿÿֵҽػ̧Ӷ᲻΢΢ζһ£ͺҽűŶһЩҲ˵ڳһȳӡ
Ȼ̶ȼ΢ǣǱϾȳˡ
˲ѣѩ治ĸֻһ˲֮䣬ĵһˮ
˹ˣֹˣһּһЩʳףԼ
극ְѩʰһ£³ȥ
⼸죬ÿ춼ȥһЩʱ䳤ˣҲһʮ׵·ңҲҪͷˣȥһ£ӦþͻӽµıԵ
뿪ĵطֱóӣһٺɨܿǰԶ
һƣ۵˼ҲûУҪǰһ·ȴϷһֲסˡ
˵죬ΪһֲľֻпӰϸߵֲ棬Ҳ֦辣ÿ֧ҲֻһƬҶӣҶƬЩë
עǣֲ֦ƬҶ֮⣬һ̦ȴۼȭͷСһػɫ춹ƵСѶ
ʶֲʲô֣ϸ֮£ֲ֮ϣһʺɫϢˡ
ܷɫϢֲ˵ǿ϶ǼֵǵĶȻŹ
£ֱù˸ܹסӵСƽ̨Ȼȥֲֲ꣬˭ֻ֪һֲͷϵһغ춹ƵСѶ˸ɸɾ
ϧôƯС춹ӣԼӦռûȥ͸ѩ棬򷢴ʱҲõġ
һʱ䣬ѩÿ춼ţżԼϼ֮⣬ʵҲûЩӣҲһȤ
Ƭ̣ɵ÷ֲ꣬ͷڵѰұԼĺɫӡ
ȥϵٿһ㣬Ҳֻҵʮģǹ䵽ȥˡ
պЩӣȥǸֲֲֻ꣬ĺɫϢƺɵģֲϣֻкٵһϢϸƺȾϢ
ú֣ʲôֲﰡôϢصʲôĶ£һɫϢķΧֺɫϢķΧ˵ĴﵽһСԲС
ȻǺöҲҺھ򣬺úõĶû׼͸Լ̣ˡ
һӺɫϢıԵϿʼӽܹܵĲȥ̣Ƕ
ù΢˼£µʲôĲһǣǣͬһõǳ
ȴЩ΢˼£漴óžһҿʱùһƬ
ҲĻǸֲ⻹ŵɫϢΧı߶ϣûٿһЩٿһЩ䴦ǺɫϢΧңΪڵúǺɫϢŨ񣬼Ҫһ롣
ȲȴСģ˼£ͻȻ֮侹Ȼһֻ֡
׼ȷ˵һ֡һĸһСһġָͷֻЩָͷϣųϸ룬Щϸ룬ȴʱ򣬸ٵˡ
˲Σ
ǰһʱ䣬ԬһҲû˵˲η飬Ԭ誸˵ʲôǧ˲Σ˲ΣǶǺܱ׼ΣҪһ˲֣Ǽ˵һӶԺȲ
ںʲôԺȲҲ˵˲Ǵ֮ǧ˲ΣǾ͸ܹҩڣѩúܣûȥӣǸոպá
֪˲Σһ󼤶ٽԼٵЩϸ˻һЩָСĵ
ʱ˲ε壬Ҳ¶˳˲εҲֵ֣ƺƣ໹ֱһ룬ǿɰû¶壬֪滹ж೤Ĳ塣
ٸСĵֱٵһ߶¶˳ֲ˵ĴĴָĸȥͷȷֲ洦μİ׳ֻ֡Ѿ¶󲿷ּⲿ쵽˵ָһ
־˰Сʱһˮ죬Ű˲ȫ˳˲һ߰볤̣ۣŵĸĴָֽµļ˴ָԳ롣
ʵ֣ؼ˲εȡм仹һС룬ƵúЦǴɾˣǺǣСˡ


471 Ūɳ׾1
˲Σ˸߲ҵߣֻǸƽ̨˶٣˼ҽֿʼЩ
һһ˵ߵѡߣЦŶѩ˵Ҹʲôˣ
ѩ̧ͷ˲ΣҲǾĴ㡭㣬ڵ˲ˣôá
ǣ˵Թһ򶼺õò˵ģٺ١Ƿ̲סֺ˼̾ҪȥѩһЩ
Щ΢˵ˣѩȴôҲ˲
˹ܵ棬ˮȻ׼ֱӽŵȥѩȴֹ̫˷ˡ
Щ죬ѵѩ᲻ãǺǣһ˲ôֵǮôԼڵģ˷ҲԼԵġ
ѩĵ˵ôʲôҲҰɽΣô˵Ҳǧˣҩǳúܣ˵ˣȻܳ˲βԪһҪע⡮УҪȻͻͷ
Ȼû뵽˲λЩ룬ѩ˵ģӦҲеİɣĲ˵ѩҽʶɱҪḻöࡣ
룬ǾѩָʾϾԼȻ˷ѣҪ֮ȴԳ鷳˿϶ֵ
˲ôϸ룬ʮϸ밾ԺļӴźʡ
ãǾô죡˿˲Σ£Լٶϵʮϸ˳΢һ£ȻŽ
ֽǶʮѶ˳ݵѩǰЦʵôƯ𣿡
ѩǿЦЦ˵Ưҵģ
ǵȻˣҳȥʱһ˻ģơ
ѩ΢΢˵ͷлл
ЩѶѩߣǺǵɵЦһתȥչԼĲ
ѩıӰĵʵ˵˵ȳˣһ𣿡
ôȳȳǺǡͷҲأԹԵĿŹཹտĲһһЩʳһЦŴ
տѡʱһŨŨҩζ
˵һѩ˼ҩ㣬˵
ûһٺ٣ʲôһУһСعͷЦ˵
ѩûɵյô˵Ǻ¸һˡ
˼룬ѣʲôʱҪ죬䣬Եġһ͵ѩǰһ߷ѩһЦ˵
ֻιѩһڲѩ˵ҩζ̫أҺȲߣˡ
Цţ˵С㣬㲻һˣҲԲںʲôҩζ°ɣȺȻ˵еʱ䡣
ڣѩϵƣҲŻָɣѩƲָ˳ɾųɣû취뿪طȻеʱˡ
ѩ̾һһιԼĲ˵Ѿõòˣ㻹취ȥɣҲҡ
ҡҡͷ˵ΪûҪȥԮֻͱڣ͹Һúõĺһˣ˵ﵽ̵ĵط˶ã˴죬Ȼ˽죬һȥһҪãоǣǵضԭʼɭ֣һˣû򵼵£Ҫ߳ȥٺ١ָˣһߡ
ѩ²յڣҽڡ
ʵҡͷص˵һҲˣ֮˶Ҫʲôô죬ٺ٣̵ʱ˾ԮҲԸ⿴һһϢֳС㣬Ǻǡ
ѩ͵һڲŭ˵˵ڳԷء
ǺǵЦţѩϵ֭Цúã˵ˣұ·Ҫҿͨˣ̫ߣҲ֪Ǳʲôӣ϶ȤˣʱҴȥ
ѩšһƬֲ̣̾һĵ˵ʵ֪ĲҪö࣬ǲǣ
һĲ˼磬ӹһ˿εΣûɵһ䣺Ŵ˵ϴ󡱣һŵΪҲڳĲ˼ϣǱÿһ缡˵ǸͲܲȥе
˼ҲһδŮӰοԼҲ¶ҪȻҲͲСŴ˵ϴ仰ˡ
ֻѩȻһʼѩ˵ֻҽа뷨ͬĹ£ΪˣΪʶĺ¡ֻѡһ
ҪȻҲȥˡˡ
ˡȥǶԻǴҲ֪ĿǰҲֻüˡȥˡ
ȹ˲ַѩһΣѩµʱѩ˵㲻뿴Ӱɣ⼸죬Ҹо࣬Щ
ѩɺãñѩĺϣѩţЦ˵׼˵ģֻǰϵ˿Ҫҩ鷳ģԡ
ѩ
úúáø㡭ϽͶѩһգ˵ҲаͲԼ˵˵Լֵаġ
·ȷ׼õģıûϴģȴûѩ¡
⵹Ҳãʡ´ΰҩʱԼҪԳġ
ѩֻٲҲƵȥһľġ
ϣΪƽ̨խɺѩ˯һ˲֮ȴдҲ˯š
ϾԼԵˣȻȻٲһ
ٹһ죬ʱ򣬾ȻѩԼҲ˵٣ѩһ˫֣ܶңһЩˡ
ǧ˲Σټŵҩѩϵƣָ˺ܶ࣬һֵ˸˵飡
ʱƣźȵĲԽ࣬ķҲԽԽ࣬ÿһνӽѩʱ᲻ԳǷ
Ȼÿһ̾ҲƵȥȥҳ·ΣȴԽԽԿ
磬˲ȥ˸ѩʱ򣬾ȻͲȥһѩС֣ŵҲǡС֣ôôʲôʱָָܻ֮ǲǾܡ
ġͷÿÿȻǰգȴֲơ
ȻÿÿʱѩƺҲ˳ġֻ֮ÿһѩֻԲڡҽ
Ȼͷ²ҲƵȥ
ٹ˼죬ѩҲǿվˣɻ߶ϾȵĹۺϺõҩټǧ˲ΣҪָףҲҪһЩʱ䡣
ֻԴԺѩԼͽ˺ܶ顣
СһԹȣ͸ѩǲǵĴѩȥߣȻҲƽ̨߶ᳬʮ׵ĵط
ΪҪѩ壬ұ·Ҳʱֹͣȥ١̽


472 Ūɳ׾2
ٹ˼죬ѩܹſȣԼһһ൱ص飬ѩţÿ»̧Ҳζһ£һζķȺܴҲ˵ѩĽšҲˣ
ѩҲӣôҲû뵽顣
ңѩȻЩȻԵõ˵Ҿ˵ˣһγӣһӣ͵չҡںˣһڻǷˡ
ͷƤһ飬һʱԼÿÿӴѩﶼһЩƷ֮룬ĵȴԸѩΪһӡѩǲҪԼȥչһӣǡˡˣǾʧȥ˺ܶȤ룬Ժ̽棬û˿ܡ
ˣķǷ֮룬һӾͼࡣ
͹ƵĲ֮סķңǿסĳֵĳ嶯ѩ˵ұ·ԼܾҲûȥˣڴҶõòˣҲʱȥҳ·
ѩ˵ͷԼܹ߶û취һȥҳ·Ҳֻڡѡһ£𣬲ϨʲôģǰһʳֱӾͿԳԡ
ѩ䣬漴ҲƵұߵƽ̨ȥҳ·
ܿ죬˲εǸطǸӣĿ˺һżȥǰľ
ǰľҲֻԶܿͿһ·ǰߣȻһƽ̨ʱʱխĵطҲнףխĵطȴֻʮֵӣеĵطкü׳ȱڣƽ̨ȴһֱǰ죬֪жԶ
ΪϿ֮ʼʵһƬҲ˶Զԣ϶ƽ̨ͨʲôطʲôطͷҲ֪
ֻǣҪ뿪ڵǸѡ˳ƽ̨ߣҲõİ취
ֱƾסѩô죬οȥ龰ڻͷƤӶЩ飬Լ㲻ǸʱԼôģ
һߺ˼룬һ˳ʱʱխƽ̨ǰߣʱ㵽һȱڣҲû룬óӣұϴխխġ·ʱסһôǲ̫ˡ
Ȼǰʱȴǰиߵһߣ߰˵Ҳһټʮƽɣǿ
жߣⲢʲôֵ飬ϡǣԵסĺۼĿʯͷΧĻƽܿ滹̹ݵġѾƲװʯϵˮ߹ޡ
ȻЩۼѾΪԶû׼ܹݵʮϰǰ̲סһ󼤶
Ȼ˵һһĳ·סҲǸѩһˤİɡ
⵱һϢȲתͷҪϢ߸ѩ
ȱڡ£̤һƽ̨֮ʣʶֿʼˡ
ѩʱѩʳѩһˡ
ǵȻƽһλӣɷƽȴܰ
˵ͷЩ˵С㣬֪ҷʲô𣿡
ʲôѩŹĲͷҲ̧ʵ
ǺǡǷЦҷټ˵ټ
ѩӣһӵ˹֪ΪΪʲôġ
ѩûֽ˵ǱߣһװɣиܴĺۼǺǣ룬ǿȰȥסϼ죬ط̫խˣסʡÿҪҪٺ٣ҷ
˺һѩ̾ϢһӣҪһ밾õĲݸȻ˼ص˵ȰȥǾȰȥˡ
ӹһڣ˵ãҲͰʮԶɫ磬ǾͿʼᡭ
ȹ˲Եʰһ£ʳҲԵòˣʰҲò˼ӣ΢鷳һģҲ̺ӣһѩϢѱ̺Ҫ͹ȥ
ѩĬĬ̺ϣΡҡܸϲûǡ
ʰñ̺ӣֶѩŰ򵥵ġ˽¼ҡ͡
֮ѩһ˴Ķ𣬹ãŽŻƤӵëƤ
ѩŻƤӣһë߷棬Ƥһ¶һƬɫģһָͷС顣
ѩҵһѾ˲ĵطʹһƤӵƤëʱ״Ķ
һԭһŻƤӵƤëѩϱƤӵƤëһŻƤӵƤëһȴһմ״
ѩ״üͷ૵߶Ӧøأǡ
ʲôѩ˭ѩ˵ģǼ¸Ϊսף
Ϊʱ֪үүҲҪ۲սףҲѩԭҪҵĶֻܲԼҵѩû׶ҪȻҲͲˡ
û˵Ȼҵսס
Ϊ³վֱӱƤӲкģһʼͶԻƤӺʹޣȻƤҲźɫϢȴûģ˵ΪƤӣѩ˶׹£ԻƤӾ͸ʹ޲ѣΪѩƤӸѩϣԣϾû˶ԻƤоʱ䣬Ҳ͸ûȥעŻƤӡ
ԣŻƤ棬һսףҲĲ֪ˡ
ѩͲͬˣͶⶫоһʱ䣬ÿÿڣѩеʱоĻƤӣԣڣƤսףȻֵ
ѩ»ƤӵƤëսףվʶ˼ȴҲ̬ңҡҷúܡ
˼֮ѩŻعϽ֡ˡŽ˼ЦЦ
ֻŵսףѩջ̲סԼսףѩһ̣ʧѩϵ·
ͷһԼϣʵڿʲôѩһ
ٹһҲٴλѩվǱ̲߳סҶ˵ˣҶġ㿴㣬վǶΣա
ѩһȣֱҪѻƤӵ˵˳
˺ôһѩȴû˵ڣֻǵЦЦʵǱߣ׵ˣ
šһ˵һ·ȥкüطߣ㻹ұȥ
ߣΣôѩתʵ
˵ͷ̺ӣֿһŻƤӣ̾뵽³յĲ޺޵ģڻƤӵƤëصĲһţŻƤһڡ
ɼƤжʹޡ
̤˻ƤӵƤë̺ѩϣȻ˸ӳ
ѩʵҪʲô
ȥô㲻ϣ


473 
ѩҲö˵ȻЩ̺ӰȻڱϡ
ѩһλͷһ˴ʮĵطȻһŽŻƤ¡
ұ˼ѩԵظоĽţЩˣɵ÷ϣ˵š
һ漴˵˵һû׼һȥ
ѩ̾һڣҲ治
Ҳ֪ǹģߣѩһһ˵ģǶζ£ߵúǼѡ
ѩǲ̣˵ôߣɡҪЪЪߡ
˵ҵһǰ滹һθӼءһ߼ѵţһߴУҿҪ㣬Ƕκߵ·ɲ׼ҳҿҪȻͳһͬԧ죬ֻ˵ģ
˭ͬԧˡѩϾյҪͬԧģĲǡңҲŲҪء
ʱѾ˹˶£ʱʱխһƽ̨ǰ߲Զһȱڣټѩ˵ȥСķʯڣǰ߶
ѩҲɵı۾˵
ԼȻʲô˵ģ˵ѩҲܹ߹ȥҪ۾ΣյĵطԼͻ̲סҪһȴֺû׼ľͻһͬԧ졣
ѩ۾ظеĿʼңҲظо˵ΣϢ
ѾΣյȱһˡ
ѩ淢۾ҲǷŵûƳҪǺ»Ӱ쵽
ʱ䣬֪˶ãسһȻ˵ˣС㣬㿴
ѩۣתͷĴһ󣬵˵ǵĶ
Ȼ
ǿɲһĵط»޲ŻеĵطѩȻ˵˵Ķ
оġ𺳡ѩϽ˵ҵ˼˵طǸֵŷסǾǡˣɲҪ롭
سһȻһ߷ſѩһ˵һǵģǰҪҡ˽Ūٺ١˸ģǲҪ˰
ѩյЦң֪ҵĺܲġ
Ц𣬲úãٲһЩô
ѩĺ˵һ󶴿ߣȴ˵ûио֣
ʲô֣Ц˵
㿴ȷסǺסʱȴԲԣ
ͷҲûʲôֵİֻҪˣ˭Ըĵطõסȥ
ͱסһʱģ˶ǣϾͱϸûʲôԣĵطסģֻǲҩˣԼǱ߲ǲɵһǧ˲ôû׼ס˾ǳ˲ġ
ѩҡҡͷҪǳǿ˲ģסҲòôʱ䣬ϸŻĻҽƽĴ˵ҲһذɣֻסĶʱ䣬ӦþûҪЩģЩͲˣ
ѩôһ˵ЩǰԼҲֻΪطֻǱҩסĵطȷǲ١
ǣǲҩˣֻʲôԸͱϵġܹסһأңǳԼһ˲ģ
еĵطˣҲɻѩʵ
ץץͷԼһطҲͽֻǴԵĴһΣȻ̾͸˲ѵȥѩţְеļҵ˹ϸؿطԼûС
ѩ˵ͷܲ취Ūʲôġ
ʣ겻ɢڶܿ߰ԶѾܲˣߣ͵ҪŪųɡ
ԥó֧ǿֵ磬ѩһ֧Լһ֧
һι׼Ķ֣ܳ׼ģֵ磬кü֧õĵؾ͸˵ˣϾԭ׼ԭʼɭȹЩҹġ
ֻǲɭסһϣһֵ磬漴͵£ٺһҹϨҲûùֵˣʱѩҪȻǺԥ˳
㻹ѩӹֵ磬̲סЩ죬֪ǿֵ磬ҲԷԮźŵİ
̲ס˷ۣ
ѩҲĬȻˣȷŨ񣬹ֵ⵱Ҳû͸˵Ĳ˼Ѿ˵Ļֵ緢;ԮźţҲǰ״
ֵ磬ѩֱһȳһȳǰ档
ѩıӰûɵ̾һҲһһյĸں档
߰׵ľ룬ҲֻǼ͵ͷȻǰûϸؼ飬ⶴ
ڿѾͷĶڴȻһ޴ʯͷʯͷɵסߣϸ鿴ĻᷢʯԱߣһܹ˲ͨķ϶
Ծǣ϶Ǳ˹϶ߵļǣһһ޳
ѩ˵ֱӾͲǵ϶Ȼǽظں档
϶Ҳ׵ľ룬϶ָֻӣ׸ߣ׿
ңϺƽɢʯѷŵ߿ڵĵط
棬Ȼͱϻôһ
ѩʲôˣỨôݸϵĶңĹ涴ˣֻһأȻֻһ
ǣΪʲôôһأ
ʣѩǰߣԽ棬˹ݵĺۼԽԽԣʯͷ̨ףʯѾõˡ
ЩȻôֲڣȻһǼܹɵģҲ˵Ĺ˵Ҳкüס
һЩʲôˣ
ոһ⣬ѩϸ˴𰸣ԭסˣ
ˡһ漴ʵԼã
ѩعͷ˿ֵֽһǲĵط
һǳĶЩľͷӣһǾõģϱһЩ֣Ȼģ
һӣ뵽ںܶǰɽԾŲֹһȻЩУܶ඼ǿսʿҲˣңЩʮ˵ģҲˣǧ˶еġ
ô˵ѴҲûʲôֵˡ
ţѩȴһһȳֱǰӡĵľӣϧǣʲôûˡ
ѩӵӣٿڶһµףһӣȴʲôûС
ӡ˵ľˣϧʲôû¡ѩ૵˵
ȴ룬ȻסˣͿ϶һͨĳ·Ȼ϶Ǹڡ
ǸڣҲЩĺ·Ҳ˵򲻵ѵ²Żȥߵ·ƽҪߵģȻһӾܹüʮ˵ĵط
ҪȻŪʲôʻ̫ˡ


474 ̽·
⣬ѩҪȥҴĵطֻȴͬ⡣
һҪͱ뿪ǾͷǵҪѩȫָ壬ź÷˰ȫ뿪طҪҵһ·ھͿ뿪ˡ
ԣҪ̾ȥѰǸܷĶڡ
ôһ˵ѩʱЩô˵ԼһĶţĶȫһȥȴͳĲ˼
ԣҪȥҳ·ѩȻ˲ȻѩҲԸⱻҲ̾ҵ·ȥ
Ůӵ˼ʱ֡
˳ſǰ˶ʮף͵һʮֿĴξȫֻѾ࣬ߵ˵ĵǣԵúǽ塣
˴ǰߣǰ治ʱһЩѣԼʴ˿ǵʱֵĹ¡
Щѻķ£ȻѾƲܹóȻ쳣սϴ
ϡϡᵹڵѾ˿ľ涼ӵĺۼ
ԽǰߣԽ˷ܣѩȴüͷϴĲ
ֻ˷ûάסãǰӦǶڵĵطһʯ飬ڷ˸ʵʵ
Χը˶ڣҪЩ˻ĶڶֻǶը˶ڣֹΧߡ
֮ڱըˣѩûӴȥ
һӣ˷ܲѵ飬һӵ䵽ɥľأȥ
ѩں˵ȥǻСǱôˣٹ죬ҵȫȬˣٳȥˣʲôֵðɥġ
̾һҲ˵ʲô»عͷԭ·ߵʱЩȫˣһԶ˳ȥ
ѩոܹ߶һӾôԶ·ЩƣۣصڣҲȥԣ˯˹ȥ
ųЩŻѷһʣµʳҲͻܼһڣˮǲȱǸˮ߹Ͽƿӣò˰Сʱܽһƿ
ǵģЩѩӣ߶һ£ƣ۲ҪָܹԼ࣬Ҳ֪Ҫá
ֻҪѩһ컹ûָܻͲҴߣֻǹƽ̨ϵȱڣѩҲֲס
ǣܳԵģ㾡УҲֻάһˣʱѩҪûȫָָô죿
ų˯ȥѩЩͷ̾һ
ЩʱŻڣվȥ̽̽·˵ɡ
˵ɾ͸ɣ̳˶ڣٴұȥ
ұߣһβƽ̨ңͬǲʱһȱڣխһеĵطףеĵطҲ߰ס
óЩȱϣǰұ˶ľ׮һջ
Ҳ˵·ȷһ·һջΪľ׮͸࣬ҪȥǾ͵ҪϼĴۡ
ƾǸӣһȱڣǰƽ̨΢һЩûеͷļ
ֻǵҲǰˣͿҪˣң뿪̫ãѩҲᵣġ¡
ӵȱߣϻصڣϿոպʲôˡ
ѩոѹͷ󺹣̲סʵȥ·ˣ
΢΢˵ͷҲ˵Щʳݸѩ
ѩһ߳ʳһ˵м£һֱ˵ǡ
ЩĲɵĴ˵˵ɣҲм½Ҫ˵֪ģǵʳҲЩˣּܼ죬ⲻ˵Ǹոȥһ³·¯⡭
··ͲôѩһҪ˵飬һ壬ֲ˵ˡ
̾һúúã˵Ҫ˵ɣžˡ
ôǿ㡭˵仰ѩһţתɵϣˡ
һҹԵһβȥѩ˯һˣطúܣȥѩһ˵ͻ̲סû
һҹҲ˯š
ÿÿҪ˯ʱѩͻΣͣУŪʯϣѩһҹ
ʱ̲ס˯⣬˯ȥѩȴȺ㣬ȴԹĿһȥ緹
緹ѩ˵ȥ̽·Ҳȥ
һҡҡͷûʲôȥģȱڣÿһǹһȱҪö࣬ΣգӣǺúõϢϢӣ̽·һ߳ȥ
ѩЩʧǵ˵ͷǹɵ˵ҪСһЩˡ
Թ˷ʰһ£ожѩ䣬ųһֱ߹ĵطǸ΢һƽ̨ǰһȱڡ
ȱڣЩˣȱ˵Ҳʮ׳ңƽ̨խʮֶңҲ֪Ǻʲôġ
̾һͷ˿£һ£ջһƽ̨ϣ֪жȱڣÿһȱڣͬΣҪȻֱֻô
ȷҲΣգ£Ҳ޾ģ˵ֻһأףƾ׺͹Լƴһ˵
򶨣ǰߣѡһȽƽұڣѧȥѩʱùұϴ׶Ȼøֹʵǡ
һΣ˸ۣÿһζұ϶÷˫Ҳһ֧ӣȻʱķѶһЩ˵ȴ˲١
ϾѾָ˹ֺ˲ٹ̱Ԫ˲ΣָĽʵұڵķұȵȥӪѩʱҪ࣬ʱ˺üʮ׸ߡ
ȻߣҲӱұڣԽȻԽǶͣʮ׵ĵطȻ͵ͬ͵ڱڣڻΣҪ˵û취ȵסұڣӶյˡ
ҧ˼ףұڵڻ淢û֮أңӴĿ׶Ҳһбĳ̶ȣ൱Σյ顣
Ŀ׶ϣƽֱģٽֹܲȥҲ⻬µбһãֹܾͻֱӻ˳һ׹¡
ϣǴ·ͨˣȻģұһ˼Ŀ׶ǿԼסȻ۲ұڵ
ͷϵұڣ˵ˣʲôҲֻúںѹѹģһƬԼͷϣ˵ڷж󣬶ߣҲ֪ڻεұж೤
еɥǣ඼ٶ׸ˣɿұڵĶ
ͷϣһڻұڣʵĺصûұڣҪбŽ·죬ȻתܹƿΣյڻұڡֱһϣҲûС
ɥ֮࣬òұ


475 ֻ
ұµƽ̨һɲǣѩɿĴӵڶȱڿʼߡ
ʵѩġ桱ԼƸԭʼ˵ģѩ벻ͨľǣԼ֦ϵʱô͵£Լġ
𰸣ѩһֻ벻ͨһֱڣ⣬ѩڵõ˴𰸡
ϣһʯͷĹӣ
ʲô߿ƼĶѩ֪ѩ֪ˣĶ֮¿϶ûԼı£Լոյֵսһ¶Ǿ޽еı
Ȼı
ѩǳԾǸƽȴûóǲʲôطģ
Ҫ˵ħһӣħַϣҲԲ޼ѰοһʱûٸԼͬԼȴʼûϲӣⲻô
һѩ𾪵£ı
ѩǵúԼһʱ޸֮Ȼڶ̶̵ļ֮䣬ϵ˵ԼҲʮ
Ĳ˵ոһΣԼûκαյ£;٣û취ĸ߶ȡ
ĸ߶ȣɵ˵ǳţţԴһ˫ֱ۵
ѩš
ô֮⣬ƴʲôȥ֧أ
ԼǼ£֤ᱻˤƾѩԶ϶˵ǲԸΪǲţǽп
Ĺӣϵʲôطƾʲôţ⣬ѩһʱ֮·ѩһ顰Ĳ
صڣѩһ߰ʳһ߲ס﷭⡣
ʳòʱЦеػ
㡭˵Щ۶ˡ
Ҳѹ֣ұڣǼΪķ飡
ѩҨһʳݸһ߿̻ʵĳŶһСʵ·飬ôˣ
һʳЦ˵ܺããƣٹ죬Ǿ뿪ˡ
ȻֻΪ˰οѩô˵ģҪǳüģֱ˵ûˣǿܱطˡ񲻺ɨˡ
ѩ΢΢һЦʱǹӰպ;ɥѩǿһģȻ춫ôպ;ɥȻǲг·ģ˵ѩһҪҳ·Ҳǲôġ
ԣѩȷֻǲ뽫ԼԼҲŵġ
ҲãȥȻҪȥһ죬Ҳûʲôãԣѩ˲١
֮ѩŽʣµʳһЩ˼ľģȼյһЩѩŶ˵˵ʲôĹϵ
һѩĹϵͦ˵ģ˵ѰɣʵȻˡѡܶ࣬˵ǡˡ¡֮İɣȴֻﲻǸ̶ȣһӲܻشѩʲôϵ⡣
һ֮ڨڨЦôͻȻأǺǡСԹһ쵽Щʲô
ѩ̾һеûգֻǵ˵ҶλʲôĹϵϣ˵Ҫػشô
룬˵˰ɣ׽׽֣ӡϴϼǼһҰǶϵˡ
ˡ𰸣Ȼѩǲ̫⣬׽ѣҲ˵ǡˡӸֵҲ˵Ĳ˼¹ϵҲɣϼһӵİ
ȻáˡشѩЩܵζˣһ㣬ѩβ֪
ѩǿһ⣬˵ҽܹ䶯ܣޱ͸㣬ͽֻҵɡˡ
ܹ䶯ܣҲѩǼ£Ҫǹȷܹ䶯ˣһ㣬ȻҲ׵úܡ
ѩ˼˵ѱ¡͡Լǡ衱ԼﶸȻһϲ
˵ʵԼȹΣı£ŲСķգʱ룬ΪʲôͲɴȢѩأֱҲͲȥƱѩĻԼˣԼһˣ˭ţһ
ǣȢѩĲ˼ǱߵĳŵʲôŴ˵ϴ󡱣ǿԼ׿˵İ
һʱ䣬ǧټƵĶѩмӣҲϣѩܹھ֮ķϣֱӽ͸Լ
ȻҲһ
Ҫ˵Ǹڡ˽û㹻ܹԼĵġԼʾ֭òĶ˭ܹ˽ˣ˭ḹڣ˭ƣ˭ҪΪС
ִִˣֻжٲˣȻҲܳס
ڣѩ׿˵ˣ£ǡ͡ǡ衱ܹϲ⡣
ǣѩ漴ּ˵ҵҲ˰ɣȴҲٵ顣
֮࣬кЩԾһʱ֮²͸ѩ˼
˺һʵС㣬Ҳ˼
װɣװɣֻ˲硭ѩ̾ҶޱȴڣĲš
ЦȴʵЦ˺һ˵С㣬֪Ҫңֱ˵ɣҲգǺǡ˺ġ
šѩһϲ˵Ǻã㣬ùǸӣҿô
ѩôһʣʱסˣǸӣΪʾ˵ļ֮һңΣ֮£Ҳóʹãԣһ£Ĳ˼硢ӵ˶ûע⵽벻վǱѩˡ
׸òøѩأ
˺һ˵ϴϣһҪҵȻܲ˽ˡ
ȻѩˣҲٲҴȥϾѩûκ֮£ͽ͸ԼˣѩֻҪԼĵģҲ˵ȥˡ
Դƫһƫ漴˳ӾǴ³һ
ѩ۾һգգĿӳǻûŪӵǴ¡ģǲʲôط
ӽѩһϸϸؿһȻһСʯͷȥ
ֻۡһʯͷʱѳ˼飬ѩȴ˿ûеʲô
ȻǼ汦ѩջعӣţʵⶫʲô𣿡
ȻˣҲˬؼһϵ˵ѩ
Ĳ˼飬ٲ˴Ⱦһأֻû˵ѾĲ˼ȦȦˡ
ⲻŪԼŮԵԼĲ˼ĸԽѩƱؾͻףԼҲֻˡǡˡӣ
İʾѩѩһ󣬵ùԶĲвȥ
˭ֻ֪뵱ȻˣѩȾЩڣֻǲʱѯͷһЩϸڡ


476 ￴
ĽܣѩһңĲ˼֮飬Ҳǲмһˣ΢˼Ƭ̣żֻ
Ŀ̡֡ѩֲ˵Щѵõıʲô
ǲ죬죬ѩôˣûǰһͷգԼȾĲ˼Щڣмһˣɲǰѩ
ʵǳԲ͸ѩ«ʲôҩֻ˳ѩ˼Щ桭
ֻǺ棿ѩһ̬˵ɲ˵Ļ
֮⣬һ˵ʲôڨڨЦ
ûЩһ֪ʲôĺ
ϵĺˮˢһð˳ѩ˵⣬Լһֱע⣬ΪֹҲֻѩ֪ˣѩб£һ͸ԼͿ˵ѩʵһˣˣ
ˮð˳ѩһЦ⣺Ȳ˵ˣʷǰʲô
ǰڶʱ򣬸ƳɼȻˣǺлȥעЩĶ˵ʷǰ֮ĶģҲǶ͡Ѽ͡ާֲʲôģα֮Ķ֪ģ൱١
ѩҲŪЦЦ˵ҸǼ飬㶼ûɡ
ڨڨģ˺һ˵֪ģһʱ䣬ҶǶƮڼҲûм졭
֮Լ̫æѩ͸ԼǼ飬Լûʱ䡱ȥ
ѩҲ̫ļ˵֪̫æûʲôʱȥЩ飬ô˵ɣǼ飬ܽһ仰˵ϣйǵǻҪ߼ö
һ˵˲СȤʲô
򵥵ľٸ˵ڼǧǰͳֹ𣿡ѩЦʵ
ͻȻоЩʹϹϵģֵĺҲֻӵĳġӡСкôţңڼʮǰеģʲôǧǰ˵ģⲻŲô
ֻѩЦЦ˵֪Ͳţپһһ˵ɣĹӦ˵ɡҲ֪ô˵ɣʵһʷǰַпԱǴַұը֤ݣ飬ϲŴĳͺ˷ĺۼҲ˵ըҪһ㣬ǧǰ顣
Ϣɿ𣿡ͻأ֮ʵ
㡭ѩһ죬Ҫ
ֻǹ˺һѩż˵Ҫ˵˼ǣ۹ЩƺܡħáĶʵǿáѧ͵ģֻڻ֪еԭԽͲѡ
ѩô˵ף˵ѩԼı£ԼõףǬЩʵڵĶⶫڻûܹ˵䣬¡סǬΪʲôô
ֻЩģܡħáĶһЩѩ˼·ԾúЩϽࡣ
Ĭã˵˵͸ҵı£ҵӣʷǰĶң֪Ǵڣ
һ̣Լģѩ֪ЩɶԼҪõģ
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˵ɣҪôģֱӵʵ
˭֪ѩ˵˼άԾҷǰкܴĲͬˣô£
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ѩҡҡͷԼôƣûܰιȥԼС
ЦЦѩ˵Ҳǰɣһʱ˲ΣҲоߺߡ
ѩЦݣһθоԼʹҪѩǲܵ顣
ã㲻Ը˵Ҳ㣬һΣƺ㻹ҪãһĶ벻֪ѩЦе˵
⻰ȴջջͻȻ˵
ĶƬ̣ѩʲôĶ
컯˵۾ȥһѩû뵽һǳһǰѩűµʱϵϢһɫϢҲǱµϢڣϸ֮£ѩһ㵭ɫϢ
Ȼ䣬뵽ǻƤϣҲĵɫϢѵ
ܰŻƤӱԼһ£䵽ʲôط¶û֪أôѩϵĵɫϢǴӺζ
ѩ˰ΣȻ˵Ƥӡ㡭
ѩЦЦĿʲôƤӣ˵ëƤǲǻơɫİ
̾һװɣװɣֻ˲硭
һڣȻ仰ѩ˵ģ˵ԼģԼ˵ѧࡣ
ȻѩЦЦ˺һ֮ѩֲ˵ƽף˵ģ˵ҵģ𣿡
˺һԼ׹£ոѹʱҲŻƤйһģֻǺѩûϸȥо߰˰˵һæҲͰˣٺÿÿ뵽³ƤӶһɷߺޣ͸ûϣ벻ѩȴм˸ıˡ
һ̲ס﷢һҧѩ֪ԼһȻ֪ˣ֪һʲôϵͿͷġ
£ϵ˫ȡڷŵѩǰ
ѩ˫СӤƵףǼһ૵˵˵ȻģȻġ
ȵòͷߴٵС㣬Ҳóҿ۽˰ɡ
˺һѩ׻Ц˵ҪҵģҲǲУȱ۾ɣۣҪȻҾͲ㿴ˡ
ô˵ѩȻûаںǷ۾ֱӾǰʼס
һ̣ĸϽͱ۾ѩ壬ǿɲһˣοԼǸˣϵҲˣ̱Ԫ˲Ҳ˲٣ѩҲõòˣҪֱĻܸʲôҲȷ
ûһ߾ѩ˵Һˣ㿴ɣ
ۣѩʱֻԼһģǰҪĲλΪŮԶص£ǰ¶š
ȻЩʱǾ۾һڵѪꡱķһȺճҺ壬ֱӴӱ촽ϣ١žžડ䵽ϡ
ģ￴Ȼջ


477 Һܿÿ
ʲôûŮƵġѩѪ죬˵
ĨһѱѪϽڵ˵ûûУϻ𡭡ϻˡ
ѩϵս׵ݵǰסԼߣûˣҿҪˡ
˽ս˺ðΣֱս׵סߣڻعӹսףϸĿ
˵һսף˵һأ·ӣʵظɫƬһģһǿȴֳ˵
Լһףӣ̸ԼΪһ壬Ҳۼ
Լ϶˺һЦ˵С㣬ô͸ˡ
Ϊôһ˵ѩ̾ͻԼҪսףҲͿԸѩˣˣƤӣӡ
û뵽ѩֻƲƲ죬м˵͸ô˶ҵأʲôͲ͵ģ⻰˵ö
Դ䡱һһţϽսݵѩ˵ҿЦġЦġ
ѩӹսףЦЦ֪ûߺߣðɣڸ·ߣһûʲô򲻹㣬ֱӰ˿ڣڶӽԺҵϹѡһ
㡭㷢ʲô񾭣һѿ˵ԭķƷ֮룬һ˲֮䣬׵˾⡪ѩ˵·ʵ̫ˣ
ѩսصϣִףŵ˵㲻Щй¶ȥĻþɱңôϣҲֻһ֪ЩĴڣңȥ֮ҲкܺõĿɣߺߣҪѡϹĻǷһ壬ȻҲͲЩй¶ȥˡ
㡭ͻȻ䷢֣ѩǰģԼ˼ά࣬ԭҪԼ˼·ԼңӣһӣԼ뱲ӵҸ
һʱ֮䣬ԴһȦԼȾĲ˼أԭѩǶֻһЦֲѩԼЩ飬Ͳмһˡ
һſѩЦе˵ҲǸ·ôôԾ񣿡
ѩ˵ɵģȻԾˣֱڣҪ˵ѩκˣҲôֲǲĳˣҪɱһˣô򵥣
˵ѩϹҲ϶ɣѩϹĲ˼Ǳô죬Ŵ˵ϴ󡱣ǿԼĳ⣬׿˵ģԼʹԼӣ
˺һҡͷ˵ߵ·
ԭⲻѵѩһʲô·
ڱңϲ˱ȣһҪҴӦ֮һٺ٣Ҵһ׹£ˤˣҲͲȥʲôһڶŲһõЩȻ˵
㡭ѩŭҺܳô˽ţ㡭㲻ҲһôҡãҪǲǣǸôΪһẦ°
ѩ˵ţվһȳһȳģֱȥֻһΣѩţ˵ر
һѩһ˵¾µӣһѾͷôô
ǻءϽסѩе
ѩһЦ˵ô㺦ˣҸסңءءԺأ
һѿЩŮˣôһ޶ϵһøƵģǻܽ𣿡
ѩۡһЦ漴ֱ˵ԸЩûĵˣŮ˴ִ򲻹˵Ҳ˵ֻпһһ£һ֮ǵԸʲôõġ
ѩصѱ£ź˵㵽Ҫô
ȢңѩĶ
ңϾûбˣģ۾˵Ҷ˵ˣҸĲ˼ĲϴѾѾ˽ˣƫҪڵвһţҪߣǿǻᱻ顣
۾ô˵һȸ˽أȴȥĲ㣬ôҽѩϾ˵
ˡһ죬ѩӣڵ̫ˣңһʼڸԼڿӣ
ڿѩĺˮƽ֪ܲ˽Щĺ壬ϧԼһʼûܷЦ˵룬Щȴѩڡ⡱֮ڰԼ
Լ̫ʵ
޻˵ѩԴ˵ʵأҲ֪ҴСڷߵһЩνĴͳرܹܵġ
Ȼ߳ŭѩôһ˵ֲ²͸ѾͷҪʲôңѾͷǰΪɴ಻ˣһãֻᱻѾͷһ
ǱߣֻҪȢһţֲʲô캦ԭµ飬ҾͿÿѩѭѭյĿ
Ǻ˵Ǳߣߣô飬ǿų̶ȸǲһҲ㣬㲻ǿҲȥѧš
ѩЦΪҲ֪ʵ߸Ǳ߲࣬Ǯˣ˭û檣ҪȻ̡СִӺ˵𡣡
⡭һʱ֮䡢Ǻ˵
ѩ˵ңʵչ˵棬˵ʵҪǲ÷޹ϵ˭֪һСİս׵˵ȥһ˵ȥˣǿǻΣǼҵĺôܹһ㡣
ҲķҰɡһҧ˵ˣҵĹӣ¡ףȫ㡭
ѩҡҡͷøңôα
͸ѩҲֻ˳˵˵ѣѩı£ļһԼǧѪһŻģҪ˵ãȻ᲻ˡ
ҡԷģ飬κ˵֣
ɣԸ˵Ҳܸ˵Ϊһ׵ԣҪ˵˵أ𣿡
Ȼѩְѡˣ

ˡѩЦӯӯ˵֪ΪĲΪѣҲ˵ˣʲô鶼ܿÿοĲңҲǺýãôƽϣǱˡ
УҾӦŪҺˡ˵
ԭЦӯӯѩôʱյľͷôôϣ˵죬װ׵ĥˡ
䵽ҪɱҪУҪҪϤ㣬ҴӦκһһҧֱӰѻ˵ˡ
ҪԼѩԼ²֣ҪԼѩϹΥ׳Щ飬һɣȥɡ
ð⻰Լ˵ģѩŭ㲻ӦҲգĴӦ飬飬Ҿٲܿ˰ɡ
ǵÿҪ¡ѩȻŭأʤ׷ˣĻȷ鶼죬ҪȥҪȢ֮飬ҵȻӦġ
ģΥҼͣ캦룬ҲԾܾ˵ǿȢҡѩȻ˵


478 ԧ
ʹһģʵ£
һҵ۲ݡѩ˵
ԭĿľҪҵ۲ݣȥȾŹ̵ϹүˣΪ˾ˣȻΥ壬ΥҼֻͣҪлᣬȻܾ
ãҴӦ㡭ˬӦڶأ
ѩӱһȰ꣬ٸڶ£ߣˣҪ˯ˡ
ѩ˵ţߺߵģߵ£
޵ģѩıӰһƣһѩΣǱĻթ˵Ůӡ
ֻһҹûܹ˯ãѩʱʱһجΣֻڴѩ֣һϡ
һϣ鸴࣬ѩϧޣֱӲϹйͷ֮ޣְǴԼ뵽ѩ˵ģֱŪ֮ľͲ˵ˡȵȸ˼һϡ
ѹʱ򣬹ӦˣѩѾʳڵ
ѩҲû˵ֻǰʢʳŵһߣȻͿʼʰʣµʳʲôġ
һѩʰʣ̲סʵʹߣ
ѩĬĬʰñŻعͷ˵ܹһҵ飬һɣ
ȻЩ
̾һʳˣȻ׼
Ҫ׼ģȻӡӡֹܣտ֮ĶЩǹȱڱҪġ
˵һȱڵʱת˵ұɣȫ
ѩۿһ죬ǿˮ˵еֻϵòҡ
̾һҹҪѩֻ˵ɣ˩һ𣬵ҹȥˣȥж
ѩҲӣԼ䣬Ȼһһ˵ĸ
żعͷѩһһ˵ӣҲûɵһᡣ
֮ϵһ㣬ܿ쵽˵ƽ̨ҲǽϿҵĵط
ǰȱڲխҲûǰ̽·Ҫȥؽ·ٳҪһЩʱ䡣
һʱУѩĬĬ֮⣬ǵĻعͷȥұ´һſ׶ſţѩֶ
ȵڶУС㣬Թˣסˣ¿Ŀץֵĵط
ҵļ;飬ѩ֪Ҫ߳˶ٱƫƫĽкѩļһȫûˣңҲǲӿ
ƺÿƶһľ룬ѩʧȥһĶ
ѩϵ˶治Ǵƽ̨ĨһѺˮ˵С㣬ôˣš£б
ǲѩľʲô˵ġ
ʮֿƽ̨Ҳֻǰ˶ʮףǰһͷȱڣƣҲʮ׿⡣
ԭջľģѾʲôûˣͺͺұڣ͸һɱΣյգǰǵڣߣһźĹޣֻѩͶ
ѩ˶ұڣһҲи
һ·ѵһ·С㣬ҵı㣬һȥվȱڱϣͷҲһأ˵
㿪·ɣչԼѩЩĴ
Ͼһ·Ǿ񣬶ĵò٣ѩҲԸӰǰ·֪жԶ·׻ж೤
ҪųȥȻǹؼˡ
û뵽ȴɷ˵ұϴһñտۼֱѩһ̶סȻϵѩԼıϡ
ѩҪеҶҿɻ׹һΡ
ѩԣоѩӱϻ䣬Ž⿪տۣȻƾ˫֣һұϴһǰС
ֻңֱֱҪóܶ࣬οϻѩȱڣ˲ʵһ룬㿪ʼоЩϵĺˮҲĽʪ͸ˡ
Լ֮ʱͿʼоؿЩƣ۾ҲʼЩҲ̲סЩ
ѩвϽ˵취ͣϢһ¡
ҪϢ̸ףοϻ˸ѩ
һŬԼĺ˳һЩȻ˵˵ҪȻǾһԧ졭
ѩһβӿ˳Ҫһԧ죬ѩʵںô˵ҲĲ鲻Ըġ
ãҸ㳪׸裬̸ҵģ˵һλƶĹһλвŻкӣְ飬ϣնֻԱճĹ¡ѩþĶ˵
ǿסͷۻùŬұϴһ׶ȻٽӴұڣ֧壬Ѹֹܲ׶Ȼ˫ֵڹӺ͸ֹϣһ˵˵˰ɣһλƶкӣһλǧ𣬵кֻĿŸǧ޸ˣкӣֻѻ
һ˵ô࣬ø˼ǰԶһΣͣ˵㲻֪ɣǡĴ˵úܡǹڰ鱯緽ġ
ѩϣģȴһ⣺ǵĴ˵ģҵģ̸ҵģǲһ㰮
˵ţҲԣѩԹԵģܳ
ѩͺܺȻݺƵģ׸ǰһֳ֣ʵĴҲ֪ˣһʱ䣬λƶڶɵİĽɬ鲻ԽĵЦС
ûɵ𼸸ǰԼڶʱﰵذĽĲ˼龰
ȻζЩɬȷ˳Ķ־
ҧأʹ̵ϵұϴ׶øֹܽǰ
Ҳ֪˶Զ֪ȥܹܲٴ϶ƺңɼƽ̨
ѩĸһתӦǵλƶ֪ԼвŻкӲܵʱˣѩĸõͳ
۾Ҳģһ֪Ĳ˼Լûа˼Լһ龰һĻĻĴԺӹ
ִĵʹԶҲ޷ƽģңѩʱڵͳĸ淢ֻܻеʯϴ׶ֹܲȥǰеš
֪䣬ѩĸ߿Ķ˵λƶĹھ֮£ڽĵ׵İ˱˳й˳
ԽԽ߿ĸĶȴԽԽģҲԽԽңԶ
ľǰһ̣䶯촽þȫֻѩһ仰һҪһԧ졭ԭҵ³ç𡭡
ѩ˵ʲôûҲ֪ѩһͬƿա˲伴š޾׵ĸ߾Ҳû


479 ƶʲô
ѹʱ۾̵÷ʹֻһʱȻһһû
ѩһĵ˵ô
˫һţŷ֣Լ£һƬĲݵأԶһӶʳĺԼӱ߲ԶĵطܣһƬԴɭ֣ٷȥﴦͰһ¡
Լѩ˾ʹͰĵײ
Ӧʱ֣ʵĿУ̵۾
⡭ʲôطһǵһͱڣһɾϲʱֻ˾ɥ
ѩվ˵֪ǵ£ĺ
һǵ¡ʲô˼ѵѩĴ־ȴվûɣڼԼҲ
ûǸ˼Źֵѩ˵ʵǶһ¡
ʲô£̲סʵ
ϣϣĴѰҳ·ֱҳ·ûУҪֱ£Ҳòŵˮǿѭźˮߣȥҳ·
ԼԴһƣӣԼĻûϵʱԼֻǿŨðһɶ񺮣ҳ·Լû
ڵˣװʳıˣеĹߣҲŪˣڸô죿ѩ
ʳﱻˣߡߡҵġҵĹءһ뵽ӣϽȥǰǬ
ѩƳһۣ˵ôںǸ
һƵòӣǿɶѪҵĶôˡ
ߡѩһһӵóһݵǰ˵Ҿ֪һһѹͻĶġ
ѩĶǧŵǸӣһ֮£ϽõǼһ㣬ֱ§ڻѩǿƵģҲɿ
㹻ûУطȫǻҸطסЩԵĲСѩ˵
ȫʲôΣ𣿡һվ
ѩһźߣһͷҲأ֪ˡ
طһͣ벻ʲôΣգǣкϹӣжԼѩˣǷȱʳҲãҲãһͷͷҲأﻹʲôΣա
ѩߡһٴ𻰡
Ĵһƽأת˸䣬ȻûһĶ֮С
ֻҪкȻ˳źߣʧΪԭʼѰҳ·һְ취ȻѩΪѰҳ·ŵġ
ѩںڴһָˮڱߵϣ׸ߴһݣ˵ֻסˣȥ취Ūƽ̨
Ҫôֹһ˵Σգеţڲʱôȥطûг·ǺܺãҪȥסǶһ١
Ҫѩû˵ҪǲⱻһһڵĿеĻ㵱ȻҲԲȥ
ϡֻ㲻ɣ
ָͷСϣ˵ϣδŵİ
ѩֻǽĶ׵ǰ
ʶһͽѩ׹Ķסһһһֻϣϣָ֣Ǳѩβصһֻϡ
ѩ˵ģӦòа
ѹѩ˵ΣգңְסˮڴͱϣѩϾḻһЩ
ϣܹжֲϸ룬óӣұϴ£ȻǸ档
ݲҪĻҲֻܰɰһռҲУƾطҪȺϣ治ҿá
ѩڵ½еʩչɣҪȻǶιϡ
ȻιˣϽʹ̵ùڰʯϣǴˣŪʯм׷ɡ
ʱԭֻǿݵ˵İݣչһ˿档
ֻһ̲סͣ̽ͷ˵ʵҲûҪô£ϲйƶôϣӦҲǡ
û˵꣬ѩڵŭʲôϰ㲻֪˵ߣ򼣬ҲճԲǵƶʲôˡ
ѩһ߽УһŽұڡ
׸ߵĵطȻǿһֻغӱߵĲݴԣһҶʱӿһƬϣһգ֮ӿѩĽ¡
ѩţҪһѡ
ɫ䣬̸ӣһֱ֣ӽѩ
ѩݣССİʱӵѩеǧҪǽ
֪ˡһ߻شһעŽµ
Щξ˶ϣұĴһ󣬹Ѱζüֻ϶ұϣµĺۼ࣬⼸ֻᵽһζҪһȥϴкģұѰģææµµģȴǹء
飬ֻϣסðĺ⣬һؿݣһͼٳʯʯмڸԼʯϵζ
Ȼ벻ǣЩʯʯмЩϣȻЩ϶ҲһȺϡ
ЩԴʯ˴ϣϼ̳֮˸ɸɾȻ˳ұڣʼ
ϴϴĿֲ֮ϣֱȽӽʮȵұڣٶȼֱˣһգ۹밼ݾֻһߵľˡ
ѩ棬ܹŵһϵŵ̲סе취ǡǾҪˡ
ʱﻹİ취룬Ψвϵʹұڣָʯ飬ܹЩжѸٵȥ
ֻʯͷٶȣＰٶȣ֮䣬˰ݣ빭ӣýȥЩոϣֻǲһֻи
鼱֮£Ҳ˲࣬ӣϵһ㣬ƴȥɨԽԽϡ
ɨ˼£Ȼ࣬ȴѾֹסˮһӿϣ˳Ĺӣֱһգۼ䣬µֱϣ߶ʮһһھҪȥ
Ҫס»壬Ǿ޴Ŀһ˵ҲóһƤ⡣
һֱϵֻϣǶţֺɨסĴУ졭취𡭡
ֻʱѩϲû֮Ҳûһܵȥ
ѩȻŵɫɷףӻתÿ죬Լףųһţֶ˵û
ǰһͣȻһҲһֱۣһе졭ҿŲסˡ


480 
ѩɿĽ׵ȼ΢˵㣬Žеȼˡ
漴ǿ࣬ȼ˳һɲǼ䣬ԭӵǰϣʱһңϾٴĴԼȽţ̫ϸһ뼰Ƚţ޲
һʱ֮䣬˰ݱϵϣ׷¹䣬ңٵֱӾ͵˺ˮգ֮䣬ˮ
ֻǵ˰ݱϣ𿾵ĴȽŽ߹ʯڵµȴԴԴӿЩܿݿϵĻ棬ݰ˽ݡ
ѩУô죿
Ҳͷ󺹣һ߻ӶƽСǼ׵ϣһߴУٵ𡭡
ٵ𣬻˵ѩʲôȥ㣿
˸գһѽԼҲӸѩѩٴεȼ֮ɴ˹ӣһֻһŻ򣬾ܵȥ˿Щϡ
ֻǣ˿϶࣬ǰͺӿϸࡣ
ŻϨ֮ʱҲмܲסˣһС㣬ӡ
˵ţˡһ˺ѩ漴Ҳ
ˮҲһףˮ¶ȲߣҲֻĶȵӣȻбս׻壬ǸеһЩ΢΢ı
ӺˮðԴĨһϵˮе뵽ģְװ׵ʧ·
ѩһеˮ̫ͣãϽϰ
ٺٵЦˮٴҲͺβңΪʲôҪϰ
û˵ֻ꣬úϱʲôץһ£ܴץˮȥ
æ֮УǺһˮãϽóӣһ
ӺǴʲôǶʹѣȻͬһ˳ȥˮһˮۡ
ɼⶫ֮ʵǾˡ
ҺӵģĶǸʹ֮ȻֱӶ˰ٳȥԶǶʶڰϸܻȥһŤӣʱǱˮһǼ㲻Ӱ
Ƕӿȥ֮ſڵϣ˺üˮŽеʲô
ѩɿܵߣеô
Ƭ̣˼ˮŴã㿴ģʲô𣿡
ѩûʲô󰭣ԷЩҲûֻӺߣܴ󡭡
ˮߡȻ˲ٵˮǴ˸ã˵ˮôô԰ҪʳӦȽİ
˵ˣֻ𵢸ˣǻøϽҸȫĵط
ҡҡλεվһ߸ѩߣһʵ⵽ʲôطôЩ
ѩǰ棬һȳһȳĴ·Ĭ˺һ˵Ҳ֪ʲôطĶʱҾ
ˡǳԾ
ҲûʲôֵģʱιȥˣûΣϵߣΪֶҲĹӡѩ˳źˮصĶǰһߴұڣһ߼˵ҲֻпܽϮǵĶˣˣԲûǵʲô
ô˵֪ΣգЩѩûһѻ˵Լûˡ
ұҪ˵ģѹҾֵַҲܾôԲżȥҰȫĵطѩתͷ˿Ӷ棬Ӱϣüͷ
ô죿ҲüͷʵƽϣǼסģҲĪĶطȻûһǰȫġ
ѩ˼Ƭ̣˵ӷ뿪طǲˣסʯϣҲȫҪȻǹӣɭȥ
һɭȥǲȥôƬƽϣôϣɭж٣˭˵
ѩתͷЦЦԭʵ
ڨڨЦǵÿʲô鰡Ե޹ʵģĪ˭ҲԸġ
ѩһΣ˸ȽǳĵطֿһºûʲôΣգٵ԰ȥ
˺ӱϣѩվˮ˵һϰǾ;ıܣ׷ͿǴߡ
ץץԴЩжѸߣֱӿҪҪȥ˿ӷƨһ١
ѩû˵ɵϣʲôڵϵζֻһζܣܵùùӿֻҪüһڵζͻ˺ܶࡣ
һϱֵĴ׷ӳùӿǵȷò˶ѩ˵ֻҪüһЩȫпܱܿ˦׷ٶϡ
˵ͷʾͬѩ˵
ѩһȻ˵׼˵ĻǾͳ
šһٴθѩѾӣĵ֡
ֻѩһһյģƴȫٶҲ̫죬ңŸոսӽֱԵѩ˵ıŵһϵζ
֮йȻϣ
ѩС
ǰȥŹӣһϸĴɨ˹ȥֻ£ꡱһô㵽
ֻǰ̫ܣôŵһ룬ȴ֦סͬһϵĶľš
ѩԥɣже
׮һţȵվϣһߡ
Ҳ֪ô£Ѷϣľ͵׮棬ҪƬ̣ϡ
ѩǰں˲˿ͣѸٵɶȥ
쵽˵ʱЩסŴ֦ڳܲסžһ죬һѩ˲վˡ
ŤӣòվסӣûüһһعͷȴѾֻ϶ɡ
ֻֻҲûʲôµģǺһԥҲ̸˹ʱϣһںڵġص¡
ѩңץһ֦عͷеǿ졭
ߣҲһСһգۼͱŵ߶ȣǵʱһ붼֦סҲߡ
ѩû߼Զ㵽һôϡ
߸ϣһʱ֮ʧȥĿ꣬ʱһңһңΪȡ˲ٵʱ䡣
ô֦ϣѩһ˵취ɵһŴȥͶζܹһĻᡣ
ֲѩһҪģôȴһųȻŶϿϾҲֱӷɹοûζ̾ʧȥ׷ķ򣬾ҪҵѩˣҲһʱ̵ˡ


481 ʲô
ǬѰһ£ҵһӳ׵ϣȻѩȵ˹ȥסѩ׹ӣɵĵѩվŵһϡ
ջӣѩֿһ˵ñȽϽ֦ǻͣǰߡ
ߣϣǰǿϣ˳ѩ˵ζ׷վ֦Ҳû˵ζһʱ֮䣬ϣ
ҵ飬ѰһýԶΧҲû֦ӵ˹ȥмѩȥ֦֮ϣ׷ǿ棬Ҳ׷ѾҳһŵϣԵһ
һ޲Ƶʵϣôô
ѩһЦôҼģ֪ΪʲôôôҹƣЩϳԭ֮⣬ܹĳַ䣬ټԼĵܳôҲûʲôϡ档
һʵģ󡭡
ѷ֣֪İɣиطĻ࣬ϣĽʮֳҲûܻŻ
һУļ糤ϣѾǿֲˣʮֳϣǱħ
֪Ϊʲôô˰ɣѩ̾һ˵
ٺ١ĸЦôϣûһӰ϶Ǽٵˡ
֦ϢһҲҵ̫ã漴֦ɻץŲմصǰ
ʱ˱㵴
벻ǣм䣬ȻԼһСԼĪĶĿյأյм䣬Ȼһľͷӣ
ΣյĵطȻ˾ס
⵱ѩĪ
˲Ĵ뵽ǼСȥ
յأߵľͷǰ棬ѩŷ֣ⶰľͷ䣬֮ӦûϾ£ѾưܲȻͷûסˣľͷѾһͻһ顣
ѩСĽм棬мóԭм֮ļҾߵģڣѾ̮ڵϣһѶѵľ滹ٵľ
ӵƽʱϢĵطұһӦңûţֻһһŻû̮ĿԼ̮ͬڵϵļѳ˾ļҾߣſЩ
ڿϷ˰ԭľƵģԵ¡һΣΪ˿֦Ҷɵĸ೾Լͳ˵Ӳݣԣǵʲô
컯۾һ£ҲȻ
ӲݵϢмһ˿ϢǱӵеģûʲô֮
ѩһЩѸļҾߣȻתͷȥǿ
ϵ¡ѩҲ֣Ǹ˰ɡ
ЦЦǸˣӵˣ
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ⲻְ룬ӵˣҲֻһˣһ˻ڴϣʲôֵģЦ˵
ôȷ⼸ӣֻסһˣѩЩɻʵ
ӼˡԵõ˵жˣ˭һڴϣܵģԲԣ
ѩҡҡͷҲɡȷڿϵģͻǸˣ
ٿ֪ˡЦ
˹Ǻô⣬ѩẦ£öˣûʲôµġ
Ϊ֤ʵԼ˵ĲǰСץס¡һͷҰݣһʱһƬĸ棬ʱ¶һϰĹǺ
ѩһǳԾĿǶιǺ
⵹ѩСֻ⿻ϵĹǺЩ죬Ǻͷ϶ϣȻȭͷСһ
ٺٵЦʲôµģ֮ʣܲסʹ࣬ǹɱѡ
ѩҡҡͷǿסĿ־壬ȥͷǣֻһͷǱ䵽ѩ
ͷǷת͵ǰָǸ˵㿴ǹɱģǹֱ괩ͷǣǹвȻҲ飬ǵΧӦñֵƽǣ㿴ƽô
ͷϵĶڣԵβ룬Ȼƽң׶ҲԲεģԴԲΣǱʲôҳһ
ڿ΢һ£ȴûҵͷϵƬ
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ѩ̾һͷǣ˵ϣҪ֮еĶźá
ЩֵʵС㣬񡭡֪ܶණ˵˵⵽ô£
ѩֻüͷתСľݡ
ѩ󣬲סʵС㡭С㣬ø˵˵⵽ô£ڵʲô
ѩתͷһ˻һ˵ֻҪҵ۲ݣ֮ûĹϵôʲô
йϵô⣬طΣգǹϵ˵ȫ⣬ѩ֮Ĺϵܲǵ˰ɣ˵ҲΪԼ𰡡
ѩ̾һʲôҲ˵תͷȥֱһС·ĵط˹ȥ
һͷˮȴֲģѩӦ֪طܶĶģֻѩԼ֪ѣΪʲô
ںʵüѩعͷŭ˵ˣֻҪҵ۲ݾˣҪ˵ҪȻ㾡ȥ
Ȼû뵽ѩĻҲ˵óѩ飬ͬСɣֻ²Ǽʲô¡
ʱѩô˵ֻܸ˵㲻Сѩطʲô¡
С·һΣѩͻȻֻعͷʵˣһҪȥ۲ݣ
ⲻϻô˵ĻʲôʱûԥĴ
ãҸ㣬֮Уضиһܹõ۲ݣôѩվסӣĿ
ûɵһʹ˺һ˵ʱ᲻ʹ
ѩЩᣬŤͷȥһȳһȳֱǰߣҲˡ
ں׷ѩһ˵ʹõľʱʹʹȥͳɡ
˵ѩٴתͷ˵ԸΪȥ
Ҫõ۲ݣòȥҸҪȥֲʲô顭ЦЦ˵
˾ǲѩ̾һٴζһͷǰС
ں棬һߣһ˵ҲôҺİĲô԰Һ˵
С·죬ܿ죬ٴν棬һ֣ٴŵǹζ
ѩһ
û꣬ŵһŴѾվϣһ֣ѩᵽϣȻٵȥ


482 Ҳû
ʱϵ׷ҲѾ½£ѩվϣϸؿһ󣬲ָұ߲Զĵط˵ǸطǲЩ֣
˳ѩָķ򣬿ȥֻұ߲Զϣƺиڣغܸߣһҡ
ѩ˵Ǳ뵽Ǹطȥ
˵ͷҪߣȻЩţԼõġ
΢ϢƬ̣˺ܿ͵Ƕ档
ֻǵЩ죬ԭƻùұϴ׶ȥģû뵽ұѾ˿һջʡ֮εģұڵһֱ쵽ϵĶڡ
벻ǣխխջϣʱܹһ߰ĹǺңʱһ߹ǺϻźܹϵĲǹ
ЩˣӦþǸЩˣΪѩϵãߵĲǹ˴Ƕ
Щ˵Щʲôˣô
ѩģֻǱһС˳ջ
ܿ죬ѩ˱㵽˶ڣվڶڣʱ֣µطܴ󣬶ҼһԲΣȻɵһΪԲεĻȣʵ̫ˡ
ѩһ۲ס̾Ȼ񹤵һۣ˵ǻкܳ·Ҫߣŵֵóɡ
ڨڨЦЦֵ磬ԼϵȷкüֻұõҲ٣ֻǲ֪ѩôֵġ
ѩҲ˵ֻģתȥ
ֵ֧硢鱸õسѩڨڨЦȫҲôˣʡŵá
ѩҲ˵鱸õطŽ㶵ֵ磬ֱǰ濪·
ⶴڲߣҲǺܿ󣬵ȴԵɭɭģԵúǿֲ
ǰ˲ʮףϱһѹǺЩǺȫǱʲô͵ز̤ͷضǣʴòӵǹ֧ǣҲõǡ
ӣйһһμҵǹս˵Ҳʮս
ǰߣҲʱʱܹһ߹ǺƺЩʵڻЩս˳һ
ֻ˾ҵǹսȴʼûЩ˵Ķͷʲô˻߶Ҳ˵Щ˵ڸʲộ
˹һʮ׿ĹǰߣȻǰĵҲĹǺˣңһֵĵطϷǳƽ׼ȷ˵˹֮ǵϻǶϣǾΪϸļӹģǽƽȣͬ˷ιа͹ƽĵط
ǽ붥֮ĽǶȣҲʮֱ׼ֱǣңǶȿҲа
ǳԾټӲĻʯɽ֮İִļҲδܹõô
Ծӣѩҡҡͷ̲ס̾һ
ͨ˽һСʱһ̨ףѩɫ淢ǰǸԷ⡣
ȻЩľǴɭﵽڣ½ϵĶȴһֻûʲô⣿
ѩҲ˵ֻǴͣǰߣҲ֪˶ãֱֵĵ꣬ѩ˵أֵ磬ŷ֣ӦǵǸԲε·˰ɡ
ΪһĺһǧƽĴм䴩ָɴСȵ顣
Ӧþˮúǻӱϣе񹤼Ϊ׾ˡ
һЩˣûɵĮųĵ̣ӣӦͬһԴĶ
һʯţͨ棬ֻѩûֱӿʯţ˳źӱߵˣȥ
ѩ󣬲ʱ￴һۣȻ֣˵һĵ°ӣӦöˮ峺峺׵ģ棬ȴǻǲ
Ҳ˵жƣѩ˶ʱںϵ֡
ϧѩȻϹΣȴûܿǵʲô
ǰ߼Ȼ֣ӵȻһʮƽĳ棬һֲֲ֪ֲĻȴǼ
棬óϣǻ䣬ЩֲĻ侹Ȼһģһ
Щ䣬ѩһ͵͵Ľһ۲ݡ
۲ݣ
г
ѼѪϽסͣȻܴ˵Ǿ·һ
ء۾ɵĴģʣ۲ݣҲϡ棬ȻСֻҪ˵пܾѹġ
ѩĶߣ˵ν۲ݣʵƬûɵģⶫϡĹЧԣĶﶼڿ̽š
ѩԼϵС֣Ҳѹõ͵͵ģҪôܲɵ۲ݡ
ô֪Ҫ۲ݣֻµˮѩ˵ϱ߿ţȥɣʲôĻ̾ܣҪҡ
ȥɡ˵˵Ұôôֱˣţȥɣõ۲֮󣬾׸㣬ȻʲôҪˡ
֪ô۲ݣѩʵ
֪ԸҰ
ѩҡҡͷ۲ݵҪƾŸоؼҪ۴۲ݺܴ΢һ۾ͻ䣬۲䣬۲ݵĹЧҲʧ֮˵ˣժ۲ݣкǷĽһʱ֮䣬ܸ͵ڰ߸ҿţʲôĻܣǧҡ
˺Ƭ̣˵ðɣ˵㣬סʲôĻһҲҲû𣿡
ѩֲٵȥֻõ˵ͷ漴ˣ׼µȥժ۲ݡ
ֻѩûˮȴһס
һ̣ˮһźϢסڳζȻˮ϶һ˿ƣϢӴ󣬳Σ׳ӣӦǰ
ʱѩˮʵĺΣգԣһѽѩס
ʲôѩعͷĿʵ
һʳָϣءꡱһȻָָˮÿ͸ѩΣա
ѩתͷȥ˿棬ȴûתͷ˵˵ſңﲻ̫ܵá
ƫƫʱϢѩԽԽһգۼ䣬㵽ѩ£ѩȴ֪飬˵ſҡ
Ϸſѩѩø
ʱҲ춯뽫ѩֱģʱһжû׼ˮǶͻԣֻܱƣÿ͸ѩ£жΣա
ѩˮƽ쳣ʲôΣգҪٵȥ²ŻΣء


483 ̶1
ɾʱ϶Ȼ䷢ѩֱӳ˻˳ֺ˺ü
ѩһŵأЩŭĵͺȵʲô
ֻǿֵ磬һָ
ʱԭƽ쳣ˮ棬ͻȻƾðһˮ֦һĶһڸոѩվĵطһ
գ֮䣬ӱˣɢ׷ɣϡﻩһأѩ˵ÿ죬ҪȻ㲻ᱻ֦һĶҲᱻɵҵ
áѩһ龰ٴεͺȣߡ
ѩһͺȵߡ
֮Уǰһһ֣Դ
ֻߣѩߣһܡǻİ취
ֻʱ򣬾ҪȥİҲѾˣˮĶʱˮֱŻһ۾ѪһĴ죬ֱͷҧ
æ֮УǿĿͷһ֦һĽǣŲٵˮݣһ۾ȭͷСͷǺģȴó϶һ㣬ƴСۼףһֻ˴ȴϸצһצӣѾ˳ӱϡ
Ȼû취ˮĲλʲôӣȷϣӦþǴ˵֮еġ
ԴСſֱӽȥذһȻ˿һ۶ᾪֲѡ
ʱѾ˲Ͼ֣ۿҧ˷һ˵档
ѩ˼عͷĿͻȻʧͷ棬̲סһ
ʱأײ棬һ죡
ѩһֻһѾˣû뵽һգۼ䣬ȻԴ˳ңûǷֳͷһ
ΪЩţһȴֻǹͷ΢һ¡
ٴΰͷһ˫צӣˮϣ̱ߣԴһڣٴſѪ죬׷û
аͣһڵϴ˺üǿܿ졣
Σѩһҧһʯͷͷ
֮ͷСѩҳʯ飬Ȼǽʵʵͷ
ⲻֻ֪΢˰ԴѩϮȴ֮һ׷
ȴͷҡһɲ֮䣬һֻڵһţҲվһʱ֮䣬ͷ֮ڶ
ѩǰæֻǿûгֵ֮£ֻòͣؼ˱ͷʯסͷ
ͣضţĹҲǲͣмܣ֮Ȼ֣ͷĹӣҲΪɵ
ϾӣҲǷͬСɣȻζûֱͷǳڵϣͬҲǴõֱðʯм׷ɣʱڵϳۣ˵Զĵطѩסʯ飬Ȼ˲Ҳγ˲Сĸš
˼ӣͷͻȻ֮ıսԣֱӽԴѩ
ⲻ֪ѩ֣Ҫ˲֪ٱӦǿó棬һͷתԼѩ֪ͼһӣ෴ķȥ
ͷŭ֮ƴһҲֻٱ߶ѣȴϲ˰ۿѩһţѩһ
ƫƫʱȴ͵ϳһǣžһ죬ϵۼ׶ֱ
ҳʤ׷ϾⶫٶȺǾ˵Ŀֲһ֮ˡ
Ĳӱһǣһ˦ԴתһֻʱѾ˵Χ֮⣬Ȼö䷢ʹȴҲݱ̡
ʱѩһߴеߣβ˩ŵġ
Ȼö䷢ʹѩĽһֲϲ˰ԭβͱ˩ס˵ġ
˩ŵģٺ٣Ȼ˩ŵģΪʲôҪߡһ
ȻǱ˩ŵģǾͶԲˣ죬㻤۲ݣҲƤӵǧɽһš
ˣѩֱţߣٲ߾Ҫˡ
ʱѩĻϵĹһֱ֣ͷ
ЩɵϵĹӣһ죬ٴҧ룬˵βͱ˩ţˣ嵽ͷǰһԶĵطͣȻ󾡿ܵùȥͱȥͷ
ȻŭŭʼҲͲһԶľ룬Źӣһգۼͷϳ˺ü£Ҳ˺üţҲ˺ü
˿һ˻˳ӣֻڳӱϵˮԴסŭ
˻ˮһʱ֮ȴǰôΧڰ϶ܴﵽüԶҪ׷ˮرȥֱӳ첲󣬸ģûôİա
ʱѩЩŵ˹һקסеܡ
üͷȴʵ㵽ںʲô
ںЩѩֻ˵
һ漴׹Լںȷ͵Ϯң͵ϮԼǶҲͬ࣬βͱ˩ţԼв󣬵ǺЩȴڵúܡ
ȻҲ˹֮һ֪ºжĶ
ȷҲֲѩ£
ǲģ۲ݣǸҲԼƤӵ£ǴֿɼĵطΪ£ͷˣ̫ϧˡ
ߡѩŭôôҪǮҪ
̾ϢһȻˣȱһ˵Ҳá
ֻһգ۾ѩ˵Ľ£Ѿʼˮˡ
ˮ֪жͬ࣬Ķźˮһߵˣֱ˹
һ˲֮䣬Ķӿˣûѩ˵ϥǣӿ֮Уõģ߰˸Դ
Ȼ⼸ԴߣǳģֻǰͶСεԴëȻˡ
æ֮Уѩק˵ڵĵطʱȴҲûǰˡ棬ЩģߵĶѾ׷
ͷβһζǰᶪĸ졣
˦ѩ֣ϵĹһӣֱ׷һͷϳȥ
˵ҲɣͷӦþϮһͷңұߵ۾ˣԭҪģû뵽һֻ۾ϹˣжʼЩ㣬ûҧһκݺݵڱϳһ
һĶʱǹǱ룬ͷǶѿ¡һһԭľһˮҵˮĽһͷһ
ԱһȴһҧסۣԴһ˦Ҫֱӽֱҧϣ룬ֱбµ䣬˫ױȻеֱϾʹѣҲ֪һҧ̫˼ֱϵļ⣬䵽ֱҧϵĵز
鼱֮£һҧĹӣĶһĶԴһͨҳͱһĶԴȻͣﾭסڣһգ۹Դ˿ϡ


484 ̶2
һգ֮䣬ͬ࣬ѪʱȾһƬӿĺˮһ糺졣
ļʱȻϵĲڹˮͬʬһʱ֮䣬ˮͬ˹һķʱд⡢࣬ŷһˮƯˮ档
һգ֮䣬Щ࣬ͬ˸ɸɾ
ûعѩö¡
ȴ˴˻ᣬѩ˻صڵ֮ͨС
ЩʳͬʬĶԶһЩѩŴһʵ֡
̧֣һǸԴ˵ãûŹͷİŪ
µѩ֪ģȷû£ѩ̷ֻⶫҧʵЩˣʹԴϵˣҧֱϣһʱҲò
һùôҧԼֵԴһ˵ⶫù֣ôк
֪ģЩʵѩһ߸æһ˵
Щ⣬һĽǣһƬצһǣһӣǴ˵֮е
ѩҡҡͷ˵ʵһֺı󢡣
󢣿ͣϵĶʵ
šѩ˵ͷҲϣһ˵ͣΪӽ˵е󢣬ͷ󣬼˵޺ЩֻǱ֣ԣ;޴󣬶ͣ˵ˣҪǴ˵֮еĻβһ˨ס
ν۲ݡЩĵʵ
ȷʵģѩǸԴȡ˵ô˵ɣʵǼҵǿ۲ݣǳڵʱûϵı£ûĹܹҵȽǸʱ˴ǡ
˰Σ˵ЩˣԭǼҵˣ
ѩ˵ͷҡҡͷһЩǣһЩǡ
죬лҪ˵ѩɴֱ˵Ǽҵ֮ЩˣұǸɽˣҵ游ؽæġ
ԭˡ̾һһʱ֮Ҳ֪˵ʲôá
ѩ游ȻôˣֻΪ˵õν۲ݣЩĺ
һ·ĹǺ˵Ҳһ߰ɣǿһ˰Ϊһ۲ݣ
ѩ̾һԶڲѵˮ棬ĵ˵Ҿ֪֪֮һῴǼҵ˵ģʵһ֮游ҲǺڣԣ¹أǼҵˣԶ֮ǾټǨ⣬ΪҲҪܿһ顣
ѩ游䲻˾òݣҪǻ;ԲԸȥ飬ʲôɣǶһ
Ĭ˺һ˵׹֪֮Ҫҵ۲ݣʵ𣿡
ѩٴҡҡͷ֪ʱڰǸ֮󣬵ȷ۲ǵ֮󡣡
̾һԼ⣬һ̣϶õ˽𣬲ҿЩյףﷴǺʹ졣
˺һ˵ΪʲôҪЩ
ҲԶ㣬Уܾүүģֻ۲ݣ꣬游ҲΪ˾үүԡԡѩķӦҲѹ
үҲеĹƶһʰԼۣһʵ
šѩŽֹסڵˮ棬˵үүûʱ򣬾ͱ˹ƣ游ֵʱ򣬹ƶѾүүĹ裬ҪȻ游ҲԲ뵽۲ݡ
һͻȻһȻѩڿ˵βһʸ
ҼǵԬ˵ǰЩ꣬ҹ۲ݣңҵˣҲǼҵˣ
ѩ˵ǰЩ۲ݵģҰְֻ֣ǡֻҰְҵģ۲ݡ
ֲãǳһ˵ѩҪһ۲ݣ̬Ⱦͻ࣬ԭҲҹֻûҵѣԬ˵۲ݵ״ǳ¶˿ڷ磬ֻǹģĿľҵĻǳĲȻҲŪ֡
鵽زѩҲȻǲƳˣμգ۲ݣõ֡
ʱǴˮٷڣȴܹԵĿóкüˮ߮Ҫѩ˵˼
ֻڣ뼱ȥ֣ϾǱ󢣬ˮС˵ʱҲЩˡ
Դһε֮һ·϶ǲͣĶΣգѩ˺óʱ䶼ûһʱڿʶǶҲȻȻ顣
ٴ׹µʱװʳıҲ˺ڣٶҲûʲôɳԡ
˺һͻȻǰЩӣԼڵǿ˲ΣʱϵʱΪ鲻ܲԳԵú٣ʣģӦûв٣ңʣģԼһֱǷǬġ
һ뵽æ֣ʣ˲˳
ϵӣԵ˲ΣǸ룬˲εһ˫֡һ˫šԼǿƹСġԴԵˣʣģȻдӡ
˲εġӡһ֣˲ֳΣֶѩ˵ΨһһܳԵĶˣȵ˵
ʵʱѩҲöӹֱУû˵Ϊѩ֪еʳͶһɶûʲôܳԵˡ
һʣ˲˳΢΢ԥһ£ֽ˲ν
ѩ˲Σٶ˵˲͵ߣֱӾܲһ
˵ʵ˲ΣζãҩζЩ̱ǣҲ֮лҧϵάǷ
ɹܲô࣬ˣʲô
ѩȴͳԵЩˣٵҧһ飬׽Ҳûȥ
ѩûϵǣ˲εҩζȻ̼ԭѾƽЩ󢡣
һʱ֮䣬ˮٴͬտһķʱûϢ˩סβ͵ֻ󢣬Ȼ֮ҲĽ
ڽ˲̽˶еãƺһ󡭡
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ѩ˺һУιܲ취ǹ
һУеһӶʱʧˣ·һƬأһ˲Ψɽ紵ֽζʱѩ˵ıӡ


486 ڶ£1
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Ĳ˼˵ý׶ôȥ£޷Ǿ߹ԼһȷǵĹϵѣѵ㻹ҪŪǷ꣬˽֪ҿɸ㣬ķͷҿɲȥ
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ãŴ˺ãתΪϲЦ˵


487 ڶ£2
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Ǹã಻˵Ҿһ֡ѣܻһǧ꣬׬Ǯٺ٣֣һǧʲôõġ


488 ڶ£3
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Ȼѩһӣȴǲĵ⡢Ц⣺˵ģҲô¶ǲֻ˵ôһ仰ôҪǰЩ˵ĻջȥҲǲƲˡ


489 һĭһ
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һ廨ŵı飬Ź̴һ£漴ȴЩȵʵǡǲҹȰܵİɡ۲أʲôط
ѩǰһЦе˵Ẓ́ʲôݰּëƤС飬ĸͶȰܣ۲ݣĶ
Źһ󼤶˵ı飬ֱӸ˵Ƕóҿ
۲ԭǸŹ̵ģҲûʲôô˵κ˾͹̵ϹŹ̻һʲƵĳء
ȻǺԥĽǶ۲ݻ˳ѩǰ˵ķŹ˵һ飬ѧѩǣ˵Ҫǣù˵ļһյùĹӣҲһô򣬺롣
Źһһļˣһпӣ˵ôǼҵ죬һ٣ſǧֽ𣬵ĲˣµڣҲһһֲٵ͹
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ȴԽԽľҪ˵Źߵ飬ȴӦģҪߣҲȰ齻ߣû뵽ѩֱӾ֪ͨ˾Ź̹ˡ
ңŹ̲Ÿ߲Ƭ̣ҲԹţ۹ֻǺܼԸ˵һ
ԷߣΪãϴʮƷǽסˣܺãĲ˵ͷҪһʽףǺǣ´ﵽһСĽȥԽԽġ
⣬ǰЩӣиŮӣ͹һ䣬Ȼ㲻ϼѣõҲֻеƷʣõǼ۸ˣ䣬ŻȥǮתͽСʦǱߵʯӹһƷȥ֧ɱѾÿӽʮˣ󣬺Ǻǡ
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һתӵĺ˵˵ʵӣ㷢ûУôûǳСӣ
ƲƲ죺˭֪ǸСӣû׼ˣǴһɻҲ˵һߺߣһǸãʡÿžģôôŹѾͷ


490 Ǽҿʧ
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죬ҸѾͷʲô˵飡ѾҽͷǱߣҵһȵ˾㣡
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ѩڸģүӲϵŬսһܲǨŦԼ˽֡
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ǼҵĳңڰжֽţǽǴĲͬˣ


491 ŹֵǼң1
үҡҡͷֻǶ˵ҲһֱҪ飬ֻǰ֮䱨ǼȻʵãҲзһĻᣬǳڼҿԼԭҲΪˡ
ŦԼ˽ָ֣İ֮Ļ𲢳ͻҲԼ仰˵ɷìܣ¶ŹҲֻ˭ȭͷӲ˭˵ĻӮ϶þ롣
˵ŪǼҿʧٵԭӦǵ֮
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ү˵СֵܣϣĲԶɽľϸҲ˵٣֮ѩҵȷ
ү˵úֱףͭǰĲ˼˼ڴ󰸣ӦĲ˼תĲԶɽүִĲԶɽ֪ģû취
ʵϣֵ飬ĿǰǶû繫ϻڱܵ״̬֮УΪûвȷԭ֮ǰҲܴݾߣ԰ɣԣССֵĿϼѡ
ȻˣλСֵܵҪġүӲ˵
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ǡҵ۲ݣҡһ˳үվ漴һֵȥؿһһģ˼ڣ
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үӱӼ仰ŪһӣһүӸشһߵӣŭһȥҪ˵˵㡭
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һʱ֮ȴЩԺˣǳô£ôԼϰ彡Цϰֵ屶ģȴҪ˵үѾ첻ˣԼһȥ۲ݡ
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ÿ˶һЩԸ߲ܸ˵ܣүһЩ鲻˵Ҳܹ⡣
ʱүֲˣãǼҿʧ±ӦûһЩΪ֪Ļ
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ү̾һ飬Ҫ˵ףôӺܶǰ˵𡣡
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үһͷ׷˵Ҳʮʮ꣬ˣϧǣһͣүƫƫϡ
ԣӺٺٵЦүˣʮŸ ´ҿʮ ʮΪة ̫˧ ȡ һǧɽ̸ү㻹úܡ
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ӣתͷү˵үӶԲֵܾǷëүӶİ
үȻһ󣬿Ц˵ʵҲûʲôð˵ˣСֵܣ˵һʼҲ֪ǵط񱤣ѩ֪ģ𣿡
Ҳ֮еǰ˳˵ʵΰԭҪǵģֻûҵĺöѡ
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̲סӱͷ˵үӣڽҲãӦҲãǼҿʧ£񱤣ʲôϵϻûѻ˵װ
һ˵⻰ֽԴ˱棬ñӰԼ˸ʵʵʡҪԼ졣


492 ŹֵǼң1
ʵ⻰ҲҪ˵ģңʻֻˣ˵ѩʹûү˵κһ£ⲻԵЩ
үӿЦһż˵ʵ棬ǵõĲֻͨĲҪǷ˼ֵĻ
ֻڵʱҲû˰Ǽ¡үӼ˵ǼֵַܳʱǼ͸ңҲһֱΪǼֵһֱûȥǮֻǴԼʮǰɣǼһ𶼲ˡ
˵ȻЩ˹үĻϣĶֻ¸ѩ͸ԼıйأҲ˵Ǽҿʧ٣û׼Ϊѩ˵ģԼԼҲѾӵ˵ļ
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Ȼү˵ֱҿѩͻȻ̽գҲͻȻǼĶӦı
룬ʵô˵۲ݣʵӦȥǻı
үصĵ˵ͷҲȷǼҿʧ٣һ͸ϾڻֻһƬκξԵĽۣΪʱ硣
ǼҵľʵںӺǲʵ
û뵽Ӹոհѻ˵꣬һƣֱӰӱƻ˱棬ȥǱȾ˵Ŀ
Ҫ֪⼸˵ںȥû׼Ҳȥ
ү̾һ˿ĳأ˵һ䣺ҲֻҵĲ룬ҿµĿǰΪֹǼҵҲû֪ѩ裬ϣλСֵܣʱұסܣֵǷꡣ
飬ֻǹϵǼңҹϵԼ棬Ȼǲȥ˵죬ûӿԱ֤ˡ
ԣһƿӣҪúõĸ˵˵û뵽һɳζѬ˹ȥһȴſڴϣűӣ޹Ŀ
ү̾һһҡͷĳ˷䡣
үߺƣҪʰһ˭Ҳ࣬ҷŵƨҲ԰Ѭ
ȴϴµһӵֵвһ˽
ӶڽϽתעˣˣ磬㷢ûУǼҵˣÿһ͸ŹŹ֡
һҪȥӵģҲٳ鲻ȥˣʵʲôŹ֡
ӸϽ㿴ǳСӣϰֵ彡ЦѩѾͷʲô鶼˵ǸǼҿϲ̽գԼ̽ûˣУϡϣ㷢ûУǸүҲǲ̫磬㲻úôǿһ˰
ŷ֣ߺߵĶһ䣬ȻתͷȥϴɫѾ΢ٹһƾͻҪˡ
һϴһʵ磬˵ǵǸüػǼأ
һڣһߡšӦ˼ȴţԼϸ˼ҵӰ첢ãǲԼı⣬˭ѩһ粻ѻ˵ոүӰ鶼˵ˣҪٹڣǾûʲô˼˵̾ǰƺ󹧣ֻͬ˰ۡ
ԣ˿ڣŸ˵ŵǴүǶıԣڵĻڣ̫ˣĶٸǼһӣοҪ
ȴ̾˿֪ΪʲôưֵϴһйϴҪٻѺܶѪ
ĥһ˵Ϊǣ浽ĲҡǼҵ飬ϴһ»㡣
룬Ҳ˵ͷҲֻˡ
˸ոϴϣţһһɫƤ긾ŮǼҵӶˣò̫ĺѩڲȥ㡣
ʱҲûˣң˲ϰߣרΪɫʽ˽ӷ硣
һ͵Ҳûѩ衢Ǹһ˵ǽǡԼˣ͸࣬ĶӣеүӣȴûţүҲԽԣҲ̫⡣
ȻʽϲĲʽǡԼһԣ緹Ҳûʲôζ
򵥵ĳԹͣѩЦҪȳȥߣϤϤĻ
˵ȥϤϤӿȻٲҪȥŦԼʲôóԵģģܹ˳ּС©һŦԼ֮УҲ͡һ롣
ȴÿȥѩһЩ顣
ͬ˵һŸոսӴѩļˣ̾;Ǽҵÿһ˶͸ŹŹ֣ƺÿһ˶ǹģү˵Щٳ߼ԣ֮䣬ƺǸǣͨѶϢм䵽ʲô
ЩѩǼңΪѩԼĵȥǼҿĵطȥ룬ѩľֻǴȥ棡
˽֣ȥɯݣȻŮۿڣ۹ãʱ㳡Ҳû·ߣֻ뵽ʲôط棬ȥʲôطʱƵҲϧ
һŦԼľûȥһﵹǳԵЩˣҪѩЩҲǰ䶼ûʳ
صǼңŶƤȴ˵ţԵĲɫҲ࣬ôȴóԲǸζ
ʹĲмһۣʵŦԼʲô
ƤٺٵЦûʲôǱͭǵĵ̶˵˶˵ӵ˵ϡŹֵĳԵĶ˵ȵ֮⣬˵ߴ˵ʲôõģ
һһŦԼ֮УԼų⣬˵õĶٸǼһӣȥ߰ˣû뵽һǼǲסǸûס
赹ǹû˷ܣЩ⣬⵱˵棬Ըˣر𰮳ԵĶ
ĺ⣬Ǻܸмô˵ֶеĸԵĴȰ¶Ϊ׽ܡ
ʱڣǼһӶ˺üˣһûүӣһǽбˣ͸Ӷ࣬һͷ𷢣ҪߴӢкӣ벻ǣ⼸춼ûӰӵǳȻҲ
ڼһɲǼ䣬ͻȻǳӹһ˿Ҳû뵽Լļһ
Ȼ漴ҲȻϾǼҵÿһ˶ӣֵֹأʲôҲһ֪
û׼ӻѩҲѹûǳ˵
˶ģҲûʲôֵˡ
˸ϵزˬģǸһررϷϲѩֱ뵽Ĳ˼ȥΰġ
ֻĲ˼ΰ̣մѩţ͸оǶġ
ңǳ̬ȣ䲻ȣûʲôθڣݲݵĳ˼ڣ˵ԱˣҪˡ


493 ѹ
ֻǳȴڷϣͿĸ˵һ£ȻոջǱߵȴҪȥչ˼죬Ҳ˵û档
˼Ҫæϵ飬ȻҲֻܿͿ˵û£ʵСţҲúܿġ
һðĺҲ˵⼸пգԸһйλˣ壬ͷˡ
ݡѩӢְɣ˵ֵʱ˵رᣬңһ˫۾Ķѩ
үȴȲʵ˵λСж˵ģӦ֪ǼҵĹأǼҾԲȥģ
ǳӦһڻҪһĶԼķ䡣
ǳһߣүҲߺߵȥ
ǡԼͷӶһ漴Ҳȥ
ȴ˵ŦԼ⣬һűܺģѩһȥ棬˳йĿˡ
ŮҪȥ棬ȻҲԣҲеĸһ߶߶Ķһѡ
ĽѣͷƤЩըϽ˵Ҫȥ˯ҲƵģܻؿͷ
ϴˢ֮ɻصϣûƬ̣ûɵĲ̤ʵ
һۣ˾ס׹Ϊƽ˯ζͻȻָ֮о̤ʵ
һһϴȴ˯ͷƾʱ̧ȥˣһҲ֪
һ˶ڴշת˰ΣɾͻȻ֮䣬ִϾȻиˣԼ
Ǹˣ͵ľ˺ϤǳȴүӣǡԼ
ĥ⵽˭Ϊʲôվڴ⣬ȻңӦڶ¥ңų̂Ҳ˵ڴϵġڴϵģ
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һ̣ڿˣӰǳָԼǳһ
׼ȷ˵ǳֻǳͷȴǳĮȻ
ƫƫһ̣һǳȻֱֱķϡ
̾;ؿǱѹһḥ̂ѹ
󼱣еҪʲô
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ҹģ㲻úõ˯㷢ʲô񾭡
һ߽һʵ
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ԭԼոһΣ
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ڽûһǳŭҪٲĻŪ㡭
˭Ҳ벻һɲǼ䣬ǳȻţӴϴԽ˳ȥ漴ʧ
һܵϣȥҡɺ˯ӣǣҡΣӾԴӦ
ۣһߺȽУӡӡһֽȥӵıӡ
û뵽ҿӣһһƨ˵ϡڴϵˣͲӣǳ
۶ǿڶѪɭɭĿ
ӡءԴһתŵǳأӵȥˣ
ֻͷûִ꣬һ춯ͷȴֲ֪ʲôʱվԼ
ʱȻҲǳһ۶ǿȫʺѪĭһ۾ĶȻһѿֱֱԼԴ
һţһָ̧ӵĵͷõĿһߴеӡӡôҪʲô
õֵܣȻһԩһ㣬ֻʹһʱ֮䣬ӿĿȥӣУӣôˣôˡ
ǣֱסһɲǣȴֻ֣ǸõӰӣԼ˸ա
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˰ˣţѵתͷ
ģȻԭڴϵǳǳŵԼǸӣǸӣһ붼ûԼϣ棬ʣ²һһΡ
ұһﰵˡЩʹ뵽
ǳѪ۾ʹŤ¶һ˿Ц⡣
㰵ҡͻȻ֮䣬͵ؽӴ˳һ֣žһǳԴϡ


494 һĴ
һ˲䣬ǳ񱻳ȥȫĹͷͬһһ̱ȥ
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ǣҸոաһ¸ղŵ龰ӽһ£ԼجΣ治˺ӵġ
ȴ˵ոһ˯ʵִģҲ˳һŶѣȴȴ㿴óһ
һԴһ߽Դ쵽ǰӵԴϹȻиǱԼõġ
ôղŵ龰ǳǿֲĿȴĿɵ
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ڼˡʡ
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˵ţ˼űһɣذë̺Ȼ紲Ҳù㣬ԣʱִ
ۣĿӣϸϸĻζոξ̲סЩ£ԼεģϾȻһΣһһֲ
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һΣǳ沿ȻĿֲһֻûƤһȧϣѪģļ֮䣬ճѪҺŧ֭žžવֻڶĴ죬¶Ȯһͬһ˹
еȶģֲֿͬʱ뵽һ⡪Լ˯ˣ
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һڵϸ˸ܿǳ漴ɿվǳһͦĿˢһ´̽ǳĺ󱳡
ǳ͵ǰһܣѵУعͷһЦ
ɾһЦ֮䣬ǳѾ仯ѩģң⣬һ޹ӣ
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ƫƫʱִӵĽ硭硭ѡѰ
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ֻȴ쳣Ҳûо˵ӣ˵ûʲôֻǸոһجΡ
֪جΣڵòɢˣߡ磬㻹ȥҽɣΣɲʲô¡Ȱ
ҡҡͷ˵ӣȥϴּ䡭
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ȥʮ㶼ȥϴʲôϴ͸˯ˡڨڨ˵磬ҿĲˣȥҽɡ
˺ߣֱ࣬ߵϴּšˮųˮ漴ˮһ
ˮһʱ࣬漴ɴཫԴҲ쵽ˮ棬ñˮԼԴ
űӣϴּſϣ֣˯ҹģϴͷҲ¸ð
ͷڱˮУ˺һ̧ͷͷһۣùһëһ߲ͷϵˮһ˵ӣѹ飬Ρ
ӺںڵЦЦ磬ˣܳܺ˯϶һ˯ѹ飬˵ȴû֪ɶζ
ɾԴϵˮ飬ëһӣ˵ҲûǽϣѾĴΣ
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񾭣һ֣һʱ֮Ҳ֪˵ʲôá
ǺǡתתЦʵҲ˵񾭲ҵ˼˵ӦǶ⼸̫ͣ񾭽ţԻجΣһӣ֢״
֢״ʲôЦӣҿɸ㣬ոգһĸجΣһǡӰֱӾ˵
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ϡͿ˵硭ֻҪҪ죬Ԫһ
׵ģĺдƣڵӵӰҲܶΣҲ˵족
ν죬ͷģһ˫ģһ˫ģմҪ󣬽峯ϣԪһҲ˵Ҫȥһص


495 
һ뵽ͻȻһһԼĲ˼һȥʱԼҲһİΣǲǸһ۾Σ
һ˯˹ȥһ˼Ȳ˯˯ţµȺƣ죬Ԫһ
Ƭ̣Ϣ뵤ֻͷٻѨʹͷһƬ˶޾޲ľ֮Уָоܺãûܼסһ
ҪһƣǺܼ򵥵飬Ҫųʱûѣοǵһ£ǰĲ˼ѩ˽ӵĹʱһǿʾ֮⣬ҲһĨڡ
ΪոյָоȷܺãͷСӵʱ򣬿ǹһԵһȻҲͻȥһ
ˣһ֮󣬱ŬȥһƬ̵İ
һ漴ҲҲͬСӳԵóһȻԵÿģһǳԹ֮Ҳֻһһ֮󣬻üȥùǳһȴһֲƣѭ
˼֮ͻȻ֣ľЩƮƮ죬״ͬһ㶫֮£ȥӴЩ
ЩȻر˳ԸӴֻǽӴ֮£ŷ֣ԭЩȻͺռһƵġ
ˮҳĽ壬ռȻҲ۳ˮΡ
úǺ棬ЩһĶռȻıһӴš
ռһĶԽԽ࣬ԽԽ󣬶ң𽥱һʵ壬ʵͣͻȻ֣ЩֻԼһЩͷļ壬仰˵Ҳʶ
ֻЩʶϳΪһֿԴԸоõʵ壬ңΪʶ棬൱֮Ŀռ䶼ǿհףЩԼԭеʶհ׻һһɳӣռһ΢
Ҫǵʱ򣬾ͼΪס
ֻһʼֻǾú棬ʵԼ֪ǣԭһľ硣
ǷŻǵིν֮֮ľǾάȥ飬޹鱾Ԫ֮˵
ԪǡʶԪ֮ĶһɹʹǹŽ޵֮ˣѾ޼ֻ컯ֻԵԹǧ˲ΣգһȻҪȳѸ
ԽԽ֮ʣﾹͻȻһ˿
һȫϤĸоǳ֣ǰͻȻһ֪ĶİУͻУȻЩֲ
֮ʣһ˿ĶͻȻһ˲ʶ
νʶʶʶʶʶʶʶʶã仰˵Ҳ˵ӡšζָо
˳ˣָоյţ̾ͻʧȥ۲ܿ޷ŵζûоȵʶ
ֻνġʶԭ޼鸡ĶʶȻֽܹ֪Ķȴмͬʵһ㡢֦״ȴֲϱ״ٶȳߵ塣
ֻ֮£ĪĴͻȻĹ壬ƺʶ΢΢һЩˣܹоõ
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ʱûķӿ룬ֻƾűǹ΢ǿһıʶȥƴѹơ
עŵʶ֮ϣԼʶγһ̰ӣȻסֹǵ壬ʹ֮ڻ
һԭʶ˺ܶ࣬ۼĵ̰һΧǹֹ壬ή
һϲ취еͨǱ𲽼ӴʶҪ׽ֵԼֱ⡣
ⲻ֪ʶ壬һξ룬ȻšζʶΪһ壬γһ޴ֱʶ
ĶϡŹֵޱȣ£ͷʹѣҪʧϡ
ǿʹ࣬Ҫ۶ϣԭʶ壬ͬһ㣬һعͷıʶΧңס˺ıʶ
ıʶȻǿ󣬵ԶԶһĶ˵ھ嵽ʶãҲǵһΣûʲô飬һʱ֮䣬
󼱣Χ֮ͻƴ־ݣֻһĶǶ񶾣һݱʶǿһʱԭıʶСٵ壬ȻıʶҪӴ١
ʶȫɸɾ֮ĺǸʲôӣ֪֪ǾԲԼҪĺ
ƫƫʱȴûа취ƴֿʶҲԽԽСԽԽ
ٹƬ̣ıʶήֻԭ֮һС壬Ȼ㽫ʶذ
ֻоԼ޾ĺڰ֮С
ʶһʧȥ֮ʣһűӱʶ֮г˳ƺһƵģ޵˳һֻ֡ϸһ˿һ㣬ϸ಻һֻƲ֮
һ˲֮ɫ壬˿һһ϶һĨ
ǸϺУıʶòȥѰȥ䣬ǸϺԭʹıʶ֮УֻƽйעʹǸϺеһУͷû
ȥ˼Ķʶ˳ŴƵһ϶һ˲֮Ƶɫ档
ǺɫƺΪ˼Ϻеһʱ֮侹ȻٴιΧıʶ
ıʶ΢һ٣̱ٴռЩͬһ翵ĶЩ·Ͱռһŵģֱ˹
Щ֣ıʶ۵ԽǿЩȻԽ࣬ЩԽ࣬ıʶԽǿ
֮䣬ıʶͳңϺеԽԽǺɫȻǱ˿סһ㣬ȻסɫȴԽԽС
˳֮£ıʶ̩ɽѹ֮ƣϺе𳪣źɫѹס
ʱҲиһиɫ϶˳
ƫƫʱһֱʶϺе£һɹסĲǺɫ塣
Ƭ̣Ǻɫ㱻ıʶһƵģӳӡ


496 
ȻѹɹǴӣ˯ڵذϣȻŲ߲ͣɵ
ԼҲȶֻһ̣Ķȴ˿ƣϺһ
ϸȥȴԭǼҸ¡
Ÿոһ֮ģһȴôʵȴ죬˵¶š
̾һֿЦһ£ô£ôֵֹΣ
ҲֻܰѸոշһУΡΣ˵š
ҲǺ棬ûһ϶ΰɣѵͬ˵Լǲˣ
˴ƣԼĶͷȷЩ̣˻ԴȴɸоԼаˬ෴ԼովһĲˬ˲١
ʵ̫ˣҺйٹľ飬Ȼ죬һڻԼҡ
ǰ˲ٵĺˮʱоЩڿʣ΢һ£ǵǱϾһ״ɲ豭滹кʣĲˮ
վҪȥò豭Ȳʣֻ̽ϴþˣһ˫ŶЩľողվֵϡ
ҪǱܷɵͺˣڿʵҪƫƫվľ˫ţô뵽
û뵽һͷϵǸ豭ȻĪһ£漴߻ֻǻ߾룬㵽أ豭һƫʱϵ
͵͵ġһⱭڵϣˤ֭Ľ豭顣
Ȼǲ豭ڿз˸ۡһ䵽ذϣˤ˸飬֭Ҳõǡ
̾һﰵȻϡ
ֻһ̾꣬ȴ̷֣ʲôطԣ
ȣⱭôĪһ£ȻԶľǰѵйصǣ
У豭ĵطҲ԰˵豭Ӧӣ±һĴë̺յ˵ôĵ̺豭ֱӵ棬Ҳܻˤ÷飡
ô£
ѵԼֿʼˣ
֮ԼΣΪϣ鷢̫ˣȻľҲȥС֡
ֻǻ᲻ԼΣһ㣬ŪϾΣҲû˼
ҪŪԼǲǻΣЩѡ
һԼľ˫ȣʱϵľ΢࣬Լһʹöʹ
漴뵽ԼجεʱԼҲԼһѵģͬʹʱȴֻ֤һΡ
һҲȷ⵽ǲǻΣһ˫۾䵽ϵʱһתһ֣סӵĸ첲һƤĵطʹһ
ԭ϶Щټ׵һӶʱ
ѽ硭ëҹĲ˯ˣѽʹˡһűĶ˵⣬һ߹ǺһĽе
ҲΡһϲǲڲΡ
硭ûԼ֪ŭĿӣҪ֪ԼûΣԼң
Ƭ̣źٺһЦҪһѣΡ
ŭ𣬶һ㶢
΢һ㽫쵽ǰϰѩı£ֱף˵һѣǿһҲδػоõʹֵĵطҲԴϸϡ
ԴǲˣԣΨһԵĵطҲʹȡ
ʹɣòſ˵
һ첲⣬һڴ²ЦЦ˵Ҫҵġٺ١
˵ţӲӦĽ˵һҧϥϱһĵط
໡һһĴѿȻűҧĵطڵ̺ϴ˹
һ£Ҳû飬ʹñԼҡ
ӣһһ£Ȼҧҡ㡭Žţڵ̺ŭ
˰Σӿ˵磬ǲ˰ɣҸҸõҽȥ˯ɡ˯ɡء
˵ţϣ˸ʵʵһɡ
㡭һҲ˵ȥˡ
ʰԼԼ⣬ҲԼҪģʹҲˣ֤ⲻΣﷴ
ֿʼٴĴصǴӱϣϣԼոϵһĻ
˺һòһȷĽ˵ɣһ£綼ûһ˵ǲ豭ɣë̺һ񣬾ǹˤҲδػˤġ
ˤ顭һ뵽վϵһ״ɲ豭Ȼһ£豭õ̺߸ߵĵطȻɿ֣豭䵽̺ϣϢ˵ˤ顣
豭ٰѾ̧ߵʮң߶ȣӵһ룬һ֣豭ڵ̺ϣϢȱҲûС
ٽ豭Ѿ̧ߵӻҪһĵطȻһ֣豭ڵ̺ϣֻǷŵһ죬ȴûа𻵡
˹ˣ룬Լô࣬ûˤӣǰǸˤıӣô£
Ļǰ龳ע⵽һ⣬ҲǰԼľˣֱճ˲豭Լò豭Լɵ
ò豭ɵԼ
Ľ豭ŻصϣȻ£ȵԼȽŷʱڰǰķʽȥһ飬⾿ʲôط
ҪҳڣãҲķ«ưոոշ飬һ飬򵥵֪ʲôڡ
ֻҪԼľ̸ףοողŻһӡ
һߣһߵԼĽſʼľһ߶űӣĬĬ߶豭ҪܷɵԼͺˡ
˭֪߶飬ϵĲ豭һζһΣ豭С࣬ңƶٶҲ࣬ӱԵҲˡ
Լһ漴뵽һ˵еһȡ
Ծ֮࣬Ͻƽľһμעһ˫۾ضŲ豭סһ仰ϵˤ÷顭ϵˤ÷顭
һΣող߶飬ֻ͵һƫϴ˸Ȼ̯ϣһ죬ʮ߰˿飡
иȡ
ô

Ŀɿڴ𾪲ѣĿԼһ˫֡
˺þãȻԼһ˫۾ܿ˿ġϢ㲻Լܹȡ޷ǾԼ϶һѣûʲô˵ģ
Ȼ̾кöԼԭĵطԼ˳
Ҳ˵Լϴˮ֮Ϊ˯ţĽ飬ԭɢҵʶʹԼ˸ȡһУġ
һ뵽һжģʱЩ־ǰֵԼЩɫ״Ķʲô᲻һ֣
һ˲䣬ǰͻȻϳֹεǳ
ǳѵǳҲһˣ
ϵ亹һð˳


497 ϱ
һ뵽ǳҲ칦ܣʱֹס£ôԼЩ飬;Բ֮зģпǳڹԼ
ǳ칦ܹԼ
ȴףԼǳҲͼô棬Թ޳ģΪʲҪԼ벻׵ǣ㽫Լǳʲôô
ǳ֪Լмɣ
룬־òǳҪͼıԼıĻԼģӦǳүָʹѩô
ţȴʼյòȷĽۣ˿˯ӣȥҡӣӡӣѡ
ءһ˯˹ȥ
̾ϢһסЩĽһһԵú˯㣬ǣԼ²
ӡӡѣ׻˵һ˼ƶ̶˼Ƴкܶ鶼벻ףһ¡
ٴΡһͻȻһ˫ֱԴʹ˵磬㡭˳ɲɰϱָˡ磬ϱ
һ漴ЦӣҶ㱻ˣȴһȢϱôʰ㡭
û˵꣬ӹϣŭ磬вҪΣҲõȵ찡ҹǲ˯ڸûû˵ģҺúõϱò׶Ҷˣ㵹ãؼʱ̣ȴͻȻͻȻҸŪˣ㻹˻
ӣ¶˵ɫ˵
úúá˵ɣ˵˵ˣҺȥϱӿò˵ȥ
һôεģȴΡ
Ļû˵꣬ӽ˵֪ҪȻͲǴȢϱˡ
һ㶼Σʵ
ʲôһϣ㿴ڲ಻Ӱɣʲô¿˵ɣ˵ˣһøϽȥϱţö궼ûôõˡӴ˸Ƿ̬Ķ˵
һ϶Σȴһ϶Σô˵
ۿԽԽͷϽ˵ӣǳһʲô
ǡӴ˸ǷҲûʲôðΪǹһԼ飬ûʲôϵ
ӡ˶٣˵ӣ֪֪ҽجΣÿһζ֡
ʲôϡ棬ҵϱǣߴŵء˵ͻȻһת˵԰˵ҲΣÿһζǳСڰҳıϱ˼˵Ҳͬξ
һȻԼһģһҲǳȻͬʱԼ˵ξ
ôӵüͷ
ĬƬ˵ӣСôʲôĿģ
ǡüͷ˵ʲôĿģһôģ
ԭҪӵ飬û뵽ӾȻԼ˵˳
ôӶ˶٣ͻȻ˵»Ǳˡ
ڣԿ϶˵ԼȷǱڹң˳ɾǳɵġ
ֻ˵ĸ֣ͻȻ۾ŵĿϣ¶
ҪУϽסӵͣһУŵ˱˲˵»ǼֱӵĹ
˰ΣӲŻعءĽ
ӣʱţҵ˼𣿡ӵ죬˵
١ءĽֲסĵͷʾȫģķſ͵֡
硭ʹ磬
أ
Щ˼˵ʹԼֵܣҲԲ˵Լ۾ҾڽϣԼ֪Լһܸȡ
˵꣬ĴϢ˴˺þãŻعǳһǶԼ˲ǺѺãҴû׼һỹԼж⣬˶Լж⣬Ҳþͻںһһӵˣ˶ŸɣǽӶ
ϢһӶ˵磬ҪǽŵĨͣͭȥˣһж⣬ԼĵϣһҲκβǡ
ȥӱܣЦһ£ǰ취ôĲ˵ѩǱôǼҿôȥ鴦ãȥôĲ˼˵
ǣǼһгأŸɣǲѰ·ӿҡͷĲʵ˵
Ƭ̣˵ӣһǧȥСӣԼҲһǡ
ǡӾɥѵ˵вСӣȻʡã˵Сģܷסң
ҲֻܼвˣһǸˣҲֻ˵ġҧ˵
һſ˺þãĲ鲻Ը˵⻰˵ϱûȢأ磬Ҫߵϴ˵˵ϴ´ﳷ˵
ɣܲ˵ãҪôһ˵û׼ϴͻɹҲͰˣ汳¶ҿɲɡԴҡ˹ģͬĲ˼֪ߵ
˵Ҳǡ̾һ˵磬㻹ãԼǹһһˣҡ춼ùڡ
ЦЦ˵ӣҲûôذɣ겻ǸҪõô
еһ죬ûɵ˵˵ûõģǺӣֻ϶򣬰˵磬˵ôôõϼϴС㣬һĶ㶼мӣôôడ
˵飬һò˵ӣмʵ㲻֪ϼ飬ɣ˵ˣϼǲܵģӣɵҪúõİջᰡ
֪ϼ˵ͻȻסڲ˵ȥһΡ
˿ӵı飬뵽һʱ䣬ɣϼı֣ͻȻʶͿʼ˶ɣϼĹƣͻȻһ⣬ԼĲ˼ĳŵ̾һҲãɣ豾Ͳ޳ԼɣϼȫٳӰɣҲǷһ¡
ҵ밡ѿ˵ֵܣУҲֻ㰡¶æ
ЦЦӱ飬Ϊֵܣϼ㣬ҲŷģǱߣ޷Ǹһʱ⣬˵ҲȥʲôæԼŬǣӣҸ㣬ϼǸֵϧŮӣǧҪˡ̾Ϣһ˵


498 ˽ս1
ô˵ͬҿ˳ĸϼˡһ˲䣬¶˱Ŀϲε˵
ֻûƬֿ̣˵磬Ҳˣǣǳô죬Ҫֱɡ
̾һ˵ΪҲֱɰô˵ҲСӣ˵Ҳɲɵù˵
Ҫ˺һֲ˵ҪȥСһ£ȥǳСӣһҪյүңҿɲʲôˣСҲʲôˡ
̫ѨȥѩҲ֪ʲôĽ˵ǳҲ˵ˣһ磬Ҫȥﴦϵ飬ǳٻ֮ǰǼҿ鴦ãҺúϺɢ
ԣǳ뿪֮ǰԼúõķһ¾Ϳˡ
ָֻηǳӵеĿⶫſġ
˿ʱ䣬ڲ룬ƵСʱʱֲȥˣԣڿֻȥˡ
һ󣬶˵ӣ㻹˯ɣסܹ˯Źȥ;˯Źȥ
ӵ˵ͷʾ⣬ϵıӺͷԵĹã϶Ҳ¶ɵ̺ϡ
˭֪²ʱٴ
Цһ£һ˵ܲ˯Ͳ˯ģôһ򣬾Ȼȥϱȥˡ
СʱҪˣҲû˯⣬ٴ̽һۿ̺ϵƬһԼո򵽵ĸȡҲ֪жԣԼܴﵽʲôľ롣
һ뵽
ǰεʵ飬һΣΪٵĽ״̬Ȼעڵ̺ϵЩƬϣЩƬܹۼһѡ
ʱЩƬȻһЩϸƬһ𣬾뵽̺幫ֵĸ߶ȻǱϸţһۼ
֣ôȻΪķ֧ЩƬƶһľ룬ͿʼԼʼƣңһգ֮䣬ЩƬ䵽̺֮ϡ
ףӦԼողӵ޷ԭ򣬶֪Ҫһߺܶ࣬ǲܵģҪ׳һЩֻܿԼ
ͺԷǿ׳壬һӳԵù࣬ͻŵܲˣ㲻ûˡ
ϰָȡˣпġ
ȥܱʶ
һΣܿͽ뵽ʶ磬֣ԭѾӴǸʵһʶ壬˲٣ңЩ翣һĶҲŨ࣬͸һʹʶռһƬʡ
оԼһƬ֮Уһ̫ĸоʡıܡ
Ҳ⣬ǰռķӣȥռЩֻʱռȴ࣬ЩһĶȻͬԸ˳ռȴ࣬ңҲֻܽЩǿںϵһʵһıʶ֮С
⿴˵ȴǸԼϰȡһΪǳϰɷжĳ
˵ҲʶԼʶռ䣬鸡һĶʵڲ֪ж٣ʵڲһʱܹռġ
ԣó㲻ȥЩֺõ飬ϸоűʶ
ϸϸо֮£űʶĹܼ࣬磬ͻԼոԹġȡ
ϸ룬ףǡǡΪǳ֣Լĵ־ܣŽ
Ҳ˵ǳֽʶռģʵҲһʶ壬ʶǳͼʶ֮£ɹĽǳʶϳʶռ䡣
ȻȻģıʶˡȡ
ָȡʵ˵ˣҲڵ־ǳֵʱıʶʶԵָĶʩһõǱʶΪԣȡֻǱʶ֮еһֻ֣ڸոձ֮⣬Ҳ󶮵ȥñʶȥȡ֮
ǳҲû뵽飬ֻԵɺøѡ
ŪԼϲѣȲĽʶۼ۾档
Ϊ۾컯ָܹϢ˸ȡȱ뵽ǣһʵһıʶںϵԼ۾棬ǻʲôĽ
ʶȻԼǰһ࣬öණסԼߡ
ǹűӵӣǰΣܸоԼߣͬXһ㣬ֱӴ͸ϵǴӣϵļڵľһ
ñʶǿ۾Ȼܹ͸ӣ
һοϲɱȸȡõöˣȡô˵ǶǳΣ˼һͻ²ǡħֱӻ뵽ԣʹó
۾͸ӹܣǾͲһˣֻҪԼ˵;Բ֪ԼҲ鷳
ԣԼȸոշԼܸȡҪϲѡ
Ƭ̣תߣ͸ۿ⡣
ĵط봰ҲԶɨȴЩʧ͸ǽڣҲ˵ڣԼ͸Ҳû취ﵽ֮⣡
ΪԼıʶǿԵʣҲ˵ԼҲֻܴﵽ̶ȣȵʶǿһЩ;Բˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ҲѾϲѣԴһͣ͸ȥذ塣
ߺ׵ľʹ˵̺ע£̺ë֯˺¶ĳ̺µĵذ壬һ㲻ľʵש£ľʵذ桢ľơľʣȻһиֽɰʯˮĩΡ
ߴ͸ЩҲóЩԹȥ߼죬һװ꣬ʱǰһ¥ҲһСķ䡣
Ϊ̺ľذԼֽ̫񣬹ڿռ䣬߱赲ΣҲܿúˡ
ǶȿȥȫǸĿʱ䷿ﻹĵƹ⣬һ鷿
Ľ£һΣһϵɳϷһ˵飬˲ûȥҳ
ϵãһǳ
ǳʱƣۣǸոһҵ˶һ㣬޾ɵģϢ
һǳûɵһ⣬һϰҹԼʵǿɶҪҪһ£


499 ˽ս2
ţǾˣϾһҲңؼǣΪֹҲǳʲô̶ȣû׼Լȥҧһڡ
˵ѩϰ֣ԼҲǻûóôοԼ
ԼҲû˯⣬һҲã͵Ǽһʲô춯ԼҲӦ
ɫעǳֻǲſһ̲סЩ
ǳԴϣðһϽȻͬϢ
ǳϵϢǵɫļϴֵɫϢˣһ˵ʲô󸻴֮ˣ˵ѩϢǵɫҺŨ񣬴Ǽսֳ֮ΪɫͬŨһ㣬Ĳ˼ȴһɫϢŨĳ̶Ȳ˵ɫϢˣһϵϢǺɫģǰʱȻŨ񣬵һʱҲԵ
֮£ǳϵĵɫϢԵòǳҾԸӽϢ
Щˣһ˵Ǽļ֮ͥеˣ㲻ǡ󡱣ҲǡôϢǳ
ֵǣǳԴϵϢȴȻͬԴϵϢ˵ΪĶֽɫϢԣĿģ
ֻĶϢȴǳϢлϣɫǵɫɫǽɫԣɫںϡ
Ĭ˰ΣŰһԴϿ϶ʲô
ڣ˵Ѿεǧ򼸸ڵĶԼϵı¡סǬһƷЩı
ֻǣǳһԴϵĶӦþǸԼϵļһĶıֻʲôĶأ
ôţû뵽һ۾ͻȻһʹʲôþǰαģ
Ͻȥ鱾ʶ֮£ʹ
ԭӴıʶھȻήֻȭͷСһ㣬͸ҲǺ޴۵ģ͸ۣĵǱʶ
ʹЩ᲻ˣ٣Լıʶ͸ǳһǲ飡
Ҫһ﷢ʶԼԼıʶȴĵòˣԼֻеķݶ
뵽һ㣬Ͻʶ˳۾ҪȥռһЩһĶԭӴȴСͬһȭͷıʶ
һΣռ˳࣬ʱűʶ͵СңҲӾ
ֻʱһθеʡƽ޹ʵģͻȻ֮һ׹ĸоվڵϣͻȻ»
۱ʶ鿴һ֮£ɵôһǳһδ˽
ֺɫͬһĶǰһģҪӴö࣬ıʶǰֻͬ׺֮һһС
һǺã
һ˲֮䣬ɫǵһ㣬ӿ˹ǰһӲʶϵܣȡһգ֮ĴϢᣬռ׳ʶ
ȡһʧܵĽѵһεĺɫ壬ȥʶƴҪסıʶһıʶס;ļѹɣֱıʶɸɸɾɻ
ֻһԵʶռ֮棬ңıʶӶ֮ʣҲһЩʶİ塣
νʶͨ˵һ˼άһ˼룬ɴɼǰһĶƮ죬ͨʵˣʶԿüһ׽ӽһʵ壬ʵһʶмһֲ֪ҲΣյʱġǱܡ
ԣǱܡʵ౾ʶһǵؼʱ̼ױ
ֱʶһͿԱ֡ҲԱġ𣬶һ顣
ң˼ά˼ԭǱʶûʶͲ˼˼άֻʶȴ˼ά˼Ҫǿ֪ٱ
ͬһһϱʶӱǹ׷Ϯһƴ˳ռʶ
ȵıʶǿоӴƥͬɽһ㣬ٴĸгʱ㲻ӱܣǷǹɽ׷ĺɫ壬ҧһڡ
ʵǺɫ壬ͬһʶӦǳʣʽȵȲ죬ԼʶּĲԲŻֳһоǺɫ塣
ŪЩʱ˼ƽϣ쿪ΪȻͬ壬Ϊʲô֮ܽͬչ鼺ء
ȷе쿪
֮Իô룬ȫҲǱƲѣǰһΣǳ֣⧲֮£ֻŽɺɫһ־ܣƳԼʶռ䣬ڣȻףֻǿ־ܣͳԼʶռ䣬ѾԼԸ
ǳСӣӶԼ鷳ô˵Ҳûؾһ£ѩϰ֣ô
˭޿̣˵ַʽֻ̣ҪԼ˵ȥѩҲץԼʲôѱ
ţʶֱӳһźɫ壬ңúɫ彫Լıʶ
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501 ԽԽ
ҪڼǳͻȻԼıʶѾԼһڣĵòˡ
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ֻҲ֪ǳΪֻʣΪʲôԭ¾ȻԽԽڡ


502 ô
˺ðΣѩŻعǳ֡Щ鼮ϲİ
ǳ˵ʲôϲϲģϲţҲϲӵʲôϡģˣһҾ͵ȥڼúõչүү衭
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ҲŵģЦŶѩ˵С㣬ҾߣҲѾˡ
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503 ͷ
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ѩĨһᣬ¡սףǶԼҵģӵе湦ܣҲԼۼģԼˤȥûˤ̵ģǶǱºս׵Щʵ޿ɱ粵ʵ
ԼҲۼˣǻʲô˵ġ
ֻԼİְҲһ㣬ѩʼղԸţ鷿龳áҡݣҲ˵ԭԼİְֲϲ
ѩһᣬַһҲ֪ЩʲôֻǷᡢˣãѩ̧һ˫ۣ˵ҵҸɡ
˵ͷʵ㲻˵£ҲҪ˲Żߵġ
ѩĨһᣬ˶񣺡˵ô죿
˵ְȥ˷ȥµĵطܷܲһʲôõ
ܺҰְ֣ѩͻȻðһ䣬ֻ仰ѩ˳
᲻Ầǳ𰸿϶ǡᡱҪȻҲͲǳ֡
һܴˣǳҲƱسˮ𣬾Բ໥ںϣһ㣬ڻǳѩȻܲ²õ
ָôأ
Ƭ̣ʵС㡭
ѩĨһᣬ˵ǡС㡢С㡯ĽУ֪֪ܣѵѩѩʲôģͺѽеóڣ
ҡҡͷֻ˵ãҲСˣСǣô
ѩ˵Ҽǵã˵ϣŲٵıս֮֮ûͷ֪٣
ѩһĬ˰Σֲ˵ʵүү˵Ǽ飬Ҹ˲ģҲΪǼҸҸ̽Ѱİãңҵ£ҲǵǼ֮һʾҵġ
΢΢һѩֽ˵ǻһԭ˵ˣͷսס¡ȡһ˫Ь˵ͷ֪һЩʲô
̾һ˵ҲµûͷӦǱְҵˣҴͷϵġ
ѩһҰְҵͷѾͷϣ
˵ͷȴϸȥͣ飬Ҳ޷ݣ͡
ǼһֱҸҸŵģҰְôҵõͷʲôʱҵģѩʧѵ˵
ǳεõѩŵĻҲǳҵͷܵ˵ǳѾҵͷѾͷϣҲǲʵ
ѩĴӱѩܲ뵽һ㣬ңѩȻеңҲͬ뵽һ⡣
ǳͨһģǴͷ֮ƾͷŷģ
˵бҪŪϾͷϵ֣ǼɵһǳͷϵԼԼ϶ͻ֮ء
Ȼ֮أ룡


504 ӴµĻ
˾ǳĬ˰ΣһǳôѾȥϵ飬ߵķҲжҪ飬ȥǼҿǱߵ
ʱǼһƨɺĸϴŰɫӣԴŰɫͷһɫſīһӣֶӣһĸ˵ķΣ֪ĸ԰硣
ֻĸ˽ظ΢ߵˣʱıһѡ
һȴǿһһ£ʹ˵һ䣺ŵ°ݡݡҪȻʹһ䣺͡ι㡭𡭡
һӣѩ˱֪ǱǼ˸Юˡ
Ҳ֪һô£ȥԵеİô¶
ѩˣӸϽһ߻֣һߴе硭С㡭Ⱦҡ
ߵýˣŷ֣һһһЩʳ
˸ǰ˰ѩһƣ˺ˢˢվţҲ˵ֻ涯һ£ö࿴̾͸֪⼸ﶼǹǶһǹҲǸˣҪҶ
̲סʵӣһô£ȥŪ
Ӵеǰ治ԶиСӣҪʳû뵽û뵽һŮˣҾͶ࿴ۣǸŮûվȣҾʹ˰֣ٺ磬治֪ô°ҡⲻǺı¿ηˡ
ѩ̧̧ۣ˵ӣǴ˼ҵĽɣڰ磬ѻŮˣǾȥģһ£ն֣
ѩôһ˵ɫСԩ
ѩĽͣɵüͷһ壬һﻹǴ˻ĸˣϽЦӢ˵Բ˼λ룬Ӧ˰ɡ
룬һ˶úһ䣺ˣ
һӢԺȴ֪֮٣ǿֱĳǺһʵʲôͲö֪ˡ
ϽӢйˣ
йˣ˲ŵĿһۣȻֺһָۣӢ˵ʲôˣ˴ǵɣǵһץ֣ǵɣӦܵͷǵӵ´ʴ壬׼Ǹ𡣡
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ѩЦһ£˵ӣشˡ
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ֿ˿˵㡢⡢֡ѽѽ˵ŮôôƯԭȵȡô˵ҡҸʵۼҵŮ˳˹ϵ
ԴҳһŽӣûĺȵӣ㻹˵˵Ͻ죡
˶٣תͷǸˣԭһᣬǵãֵӦܵʲôĳͷ
˵ߣԽ̣
ѩ仰ˣӴеꡭԽ̡ոȥǡⲻǱȶթ񶾡
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ܣ߾˫֣ܵǸѲϡ
Ѳ˺һתͷļֹ˼ѩĻ
һ˵ͷӣ֪ûκҲܾавɷĵĴ˹ȥӵ¡
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ѩǸֻǰҿһۣȥѲ飬ȥһ£ڰǵɰ¡
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һ￴˿һʳһֱ̧ˣûӳȥȴָϽ˻ôЩǻǮģ˵ҪԽ̣ҲȳԵ
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˹԰˽һԶǸСУʱǰȻͣʮİµɿ˷壡
ѩ˶ǳäȻ֪ʮӵļֵڵȫʲóҲֻʮӶѣ
ѩһֵƵĳӣ̾һ˵
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һᳵֻͣΪչԾͲûб۹벻ӵ£Ȼӵ֮һ
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վӣһĨȻӵ˵ͷһ֣˵˾ŨͭǿӢޡˡ͡
󼱣ŭӣڸʲôô˵
һ޹˵ڸкǰ˵ҩιιһ٣Ҳǿ϶˵ˡ
ǳϽұĳ죡
ѩҲԴһȦӣ
ӶӣһڵմúҤһһ˫صڷһģȻһָ
ǳӣǰһӺǹĵ˵ͷȻ󲻿Ӣ˵ӵ£ҵֵܣйƫƧ£ûʲôʶôùأð֮ǸԲ𡭡
̧ۿһƲƲ죬һмָָӣҲӢ˵һҵңҪҵĵϣ͡ꡯ
΢΢һЦӵǺεݣŸһûмʶҰһʶ
һڣƬ̲˵ԣҲſͿȥǵ㻹ʲô˵
ӵ¡ѩҲǰһ˵ӵ£ֻҪܹŹλԭ
ѩĻû˵꣬ӻ˻ֹ֣ѩ˵ȥ˵Ǯ֪֪Ǯ˵ֻһ֣ҪģϣһˡһΪӵ˵ϣ


505 ʮŸ
˶٣˵Ҷ飬ѾǷǳԡǡʴȵڴˣΪΪһӵϣҲܷŹһҲǣǣ߰ɡ
ԲҲΪִķʽʴȡԡǣӣ˵ΪάԼûˣЩȣ˵ӦưɣҲӴ֮һ׺ݲбǿ
׺ܲбǿһ˵ȷһܺõ
ڰ˽ɣҪͷǵȷǲﲢԼĵ֮ϣҪ޼ɵİԼĹ£Ǿ͵óе
Ƭ֮ӵתת˵Ȼô˵ҾٸһѡǰʿԼһҵ£κηʽʤҲûʲô˵ˡ
Цҡҡͷֵð飬Ѿ˵Ǹˣ½ֵ飬ҿ˰ɣҪȻ˺
һԣߴ˵ԼҲѩ
һ˵ӷŻԲƽԼ³çҪսӲֺ磬ֻܸǸһܾǣ˭˭ʡЩհһĵ¿ηΣүֻֻۡ
ҪôӮҵ£Ҫôһߣòٶ˵˵
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ӵͫ͵һ˼ףҲ˵ûԼʮ·
һԼС˺üֻ꣬һëͷСкȻûԼʮսıڷ
㲻裿
ǣһӣȻа¾֡ߴţ˼ܴ￴ģһƬϵ֮⣬ǶԼ²ںûں
ѵ׳ʵͨѰСӣž˵ʵ
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ʱѩҲͷ˵Ǳȣ£ӲУ
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ӵ˼ȷҲ̨£ĿֻҪڡͺյУԼһ٣Ӽȳ˻ϣҲòűϲб׺ݡǿĶ
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ʲôĵģֱ˵ҪôȣӺ˵
Ϸ˸һκӱȫһϣǾˣӵӮˣɴãԹԣҪӮˣӵ½ǵĵǸʹ˽ҹΡ
ͬ²һӱҪü˳Ŀһ٣û뵽һıȡһǰκӱӴ۾
ҲˣϾɴãԹԣҲ˵ֻҪŪǣԼҪɱҪУҲ͸˳ˡ
ϸһ£ҲˣԼһʮŸˣһ԰յӮҪⶼʤ˵ĻҲ͵޻˵ˡ
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˵һκӱӮҲ̽һǼ˵ĸס
ѶӵµͷһȥһִӣȨǰκӱר
κӵĽޣһˮϵ죬Ȼֱˣŵˮϣӵм䲿λϵһɫ˿Ϊʤıǡ
Ȼ³վˮصϣԼռұߣֱˡ
ӵʮŸ΢һ򣬱ӣȴˡ
ȴվǰ棬ѩӺ棬Լһվ
ֻһﲻסĹţҪǴܣҶԶ绹еģϾսǹֵģκӵϷߺߡҲǿó
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γ˵һգµıʶϢĻһ̺һ㱡ƬֱʮŸ˵Ľŵ¡
ȻЩޱȣûܹó˵ǲȡɣʵƵġ
䵱еӣ߶׼һͳһѻƽǹҪǹΪţ룬طϾԼǻɳĮϣĿһǹƱػҪ鷳
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ħħΪеӣһʱðһͷ
ֻӵͷûתֻ꣬΢һϵӣǱʮŸҲ֪ô£һ̾ڹ⻬ıϣվȽţһʮһţ˹
һգۼӲֱùˮϵǵ죬ʮŸҲһᡢ㵸վȡ
кüۿվסɴࡰžડһһƨڵϣ󱣳ƽ⣬룬˵ϣȴֹסǰ
һʱ֮䣬ʮŸʮƣһֱǰӶײú˺üͣ
һƬĽУüǱ
ֻһվü̾͸еƨƵģƺзֱӴ˿ӣһŷ֣ԭڵϣǰ˺üףƨһ鲼ϣĥˣֲ÷һ̾͸оõһˬ
ôһգۣˣȻĶʮű˭Ҳ뵽Ȼֻһգ֮䣬ʮŸ˾ͳˣǱüǰǱ˺ҧģֱ
㡭ǡˣթ˰ΣָͰ͵˵
ջ˱ʶһȺƨɻǰֻ̧鿴Ь׵ıڣ̲ס΢΢һЦתͷ˵Ⲣʲôˣթֻѣй
ſڽ࣬й򣬱ĺйġЩǼֱħĴʣ
ԭǻʮ֮УüҲ澪ֵĿĽ
ǫѷǫĵ˵ͷ΢Цӵ£ǵԼѾӮˣϵĵǸԲˡ


506 򲻰
˵ţ΢΢ӹ˹ӣΪӵ³çӵǸ
ֻӾɲ˵ţҡ飬ǡ̸̸
Բӵ£ʵҲмΪҪҪ졭ЦЦ죬Ǿʹ˱ˣԺҪлᣬһŰݷá
Ժûлᣬûȥ룬ֻ߽Ĺأ˵ϼЩѡ
˵תԻڷ˵ʲô
𡭡ߡӼе
ӻعһߴţһ߳Լܹɵյ㻹Ҫô
ֻ˵仰ŻԼ˵ǺһǴŨصͬǿĺӸͲö
ܵߣһץס䣬е㲻ܾôߡ
ţЩȻܾôߣѵģҪŪ˼˲Լ·
û뵽һ䣬һֱֻȱȻ˼£Ͱ͵˵й򡭡ҡһֱ𾴵ģ㡭ҵʦ
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ֺֺЦֻ֪һǸӣĸҵӣֽʲô֣Լ֪ʲôʦοԼڰ²ʲôͽܡ
֪ӻ治ֻһһ̾͹ؾصĿһͷһʦ
ϽһУӲĽҲû취ȥͷˡ
һ£õģǱʶƾ׵ֻ׵һѡ档
ӵ͸ͷ˵Ҳֵģ벻ЩֻɵһУԼö仰˵ƾϵԼʮڣ治Ĳˣ
һŪԭҪΪʦһתһźһۣȻЦļǰ
˵ӵ£ȻҶΪʦǺǡܵð˼˼԰ɡУҶΪʦǾҵʦֶԺ󡭡
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ѩҧҧ촽¶˵ʲô֣
ˣԼû͸¶Լ£ʵʵĴ˹ˣҵĹжʯḻĹңǲ䣬ǹ֮Ĳ䣡ӵеʯҲḻġ
̲סȻʧЦ˹ӣԭֻһĶӣԼǰΪһǸҵأǺǡ
չһЦ˹ӸϽվתͷߴĶһڱڽһͨʱһڴһµɿ˷һˣǰӼˤϽȥһѵǸ
ĸѩ࣬һ׵ɴסӣֻһԺڰ׷ˮһ۾¶档
͸ۿһ£ɴգʱҲ̲סһŮˣʮͣòԱѩĲ˼綼ҪƯֲ֣һòסǰæġ
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ŮỨҲûɵͷһʹֻ˹һ˵ʲôƣԲʲôûҪȻŮ˲ûɵʹ
Ȼ˹Ůӽˣתͷ˵ʦаܽޣ㡭Ϊκ顭
ĳЩ֮УŮ˵ĵλͣʹԼӣ͸ˣҲʲôϡ飬ƣ˹Ǹ䣬ڶʢķףԣ˹ںľͰѰܽ͸
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ԭ˹ҪѰܽ͸ѩϾ͡ˢĺһܾѩ̵΢ȥһЩѪ죬ѩǶ۾һ˲Ҳ˲ġ
ܾ˹Ӽ˵ʦǲǾһ⣬˵ҪʲôֻҪõóģҶ㣬ֻҪйҸһʲôԸ㡭
һԣҲ˹ҪѰܽ͸Ц磬λСƯģᣬ˰ɣ಻ǻȥϴúõĽһ¾ˡ
ŭ㻹˵Ҫ㣬ô鷳ҿôʶ̯ӣ
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һȺȴһ΢΢һζкü˵ﶼ¶˺ڶǹڡ
ʵ벻˹ġй򡱡Եˡ򲻰ˡĵزȻնˡ
ʮڶں˼ƣ˹תͷ˵ʦӦףһΪӣδ̳ˣ˵˵ĻӦڶǵĹмֵĶһϧҪûмֵĶǾߣܽޣѾǱ衭˵ģڣոպļֵڵʱûֵʲôã
ܽޱˣ˹ǾǱ۹ˣŮǲ䱾λֻڡֵϣ˹ôȻЩֻǼֵ۲ͬѡ
ܽûмֵ䵽ʲô³ûĹϵǿŰܽһֲѵӣЩġ
˭Լô򲻰˵ĻȻס̾һǼҿǱߵ飬øϽȥߵҪûẦ˰ܽޣԼҲûô
ãתͷѩ˵СǣҪȻɣλܽСʱ㣬ϰ˶ٰ֮޳ȥˣҪȻвļһҲ᲻˿
ѩû˵㻹ﰡ
̾˿תͷ˹֣˵ʦԣ⵱ʦģҲûʲôõĶ㣬ȥҴһŵĹ򡭡
˹ϲ֮ϽĶߣ˵ʦһ˳ԭŰܽһ£Ȼٸģٺ١ǴŮ
һڣ˵Ҹ㣬ϰҵŹĽɾ̰ŮɫЩҪǳһӣҲǰ״Ҫˡ
˹˴漴˵ãǰԣӴԺҾȥȢŮˣҲֻһѧϰйĹ򡣡
һ˵˹ֵߣǲ֮巢ĵģҲ˵Ȼκʽģȹ˶׺֮Ҫö࣬Ϊǵе


507 
ʱɻߵߣʵ磬㻹ҪΪͽ
㣬ʱܹȥӣѩϸؽֻͣǵĵ˵ͷλ˹ӣǰйҲ˵ͽܣҾܹȵȵȰɡ
˵ţתͷ˹˵ɣھͽŵĹ򡭡
˵գҲµɿ˷ĺ
˹ϲ̵˺غ˳ţ˵Ź򣬽ΪҪͨϵ澭
һȻһϲͨƽҲʹĲ˼硢ѩһЩĶѧҲһͿ˹ӽƬ̣ԼҲƵò˹ȥ
ƫƫ߰һͨ˵̣ȴ˹Ӳסĵͷ
˵Ķе˹Ȼġʦ˵ĻȻɽֵģҪͨһףġʦǰֵҲûˡ
˹ֻһĿԼסĵͷЦһ£˵һͨԼĲ˼ѩģ˵ˣǵ;˵ӵӵӰ￴ģ˵òˣҲҲ˵ȥˡ
ƫƫ˹ӻһ۰Ͱ͵ĿҪȥ
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һ˹ӣôһ˵϶ʱ¶һ˿ΣʵһŦԼǴŰܽһʵëģң˹֮Բ˰ԭҲ˵йֻ֮һֱûĴʦ
ôһ˵˹Ӳ׵ĶԷҲ¶ϣ֮⡣
˹Ķλῴһ׼ҪȻҲò¡
˹ӳŮ˵λ͵Ĳ价֮УģȻͻٲ˻ϸʲô֮ġ
Ȼûܽ˹Σĳõġ
˹ӶͶˣЦЦץ˹֣˵񣬱Ҷ
˵꣬߶ʶϽ뵽˹ڡ
˹һӻӣҪȻǲ׵úܣͻȻ֮䣬ʿ͸оʲôƼһӴ˹Լϣе⡢ֱֱۡڣȻС֮УܽһŻ棬漴Żɢߣֱ֫ٺ֮䣬ȫͺԡں֮УȫůģңСֹ֮͡͵ĸоһࡣ
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Ȼͣ˵ԼжûдñʶЩѪܣЩӰ졢ѪҺ֮ͨﾡƳ
ñʶᶯᳵ·죬ټʶУֻһƬ֮䣬㽫Щ谭ѪܵĶ˵˹ӵθ棬ų⡣
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͸С˵潫ԼġԪ˵ڣ˹ˣñǿ࣬õԼıʶνġԪȻҪࡣ
ô飬Ҳֻ˲ʱ䣬漴ͷſ˹ӵ֣ЦŶ˹˵ڸоô
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Ҳ˵Ӧġá
һʣ˹ͬоѹһ㣬еʵ̫ˣʦ˵ҪʲôҡҶ㡭
ЦЦͽܣҲǵԵ֣ܰģҲֻЩԺٲҪĶӣ£ԡĳɾͣضᳬࡣ
ǰ仰˹ӣԼǮеλȥЩаŮ캦飬䣬򴿴ֻ˵˰ƾ˹ӵƷԣ˵ᳬԼ¾ӵʱ䣬ҲδػἰڵԼ
ʵȻˣ÷еĻ÷УҪ˵ģǴ֮ˣҪ顣
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˹ӵҲˬ죬Ȼûһʦ塱ǿķϣǵ˵ͷЦ˵Ǵ飬ǵһҪҡ
Űܽްڳһӣ̲סһ䣺ӵ£ܽ޵飬㲻ٿǿˣ
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΢΢̾һԼûˣ˹ӻеģܽתˣҲھȰܽһ
ӣܲðܽ޲ȥ»ҪѲٵ˼
ʱ˹ٴθӡѩ˵˱Ȼڱڴӵ֮£һȥ


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ǹһ㣬ѩ˸绰ü˵Ǹ԰ѳ񳵿ȥԼȴ˹µɿ˷塣
ƫƫҲǸһ룬˸ʻλãѺø
ѩųӣѡһֱӱǼҿĵط
һ·ϣӲʱعͷʳʶ̣һǳκӱɵľӮǣΪʲôƴǣ˹ͽܣУΪǣӳ˹һͶصڳ־Щʲôȵûش⡣
ʵԴһȦĺڣһˣҪһ
ѩһֻרµĿųӣҲԸ˵ԭֻһѩ֪ӵ֪ˣʲôʵġ
˵£Ǽҿ䲻кöҪЩûõ飬Խô
ԣѩһֱֻǿųӣǰ仰
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ܽС㣬Ժʲô㡭СӢʵ
˰Σܽ޲̧ۣŴҲ֪
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̾һԸĻҾСǰһ̿ŦԼȻѧУѧϰһЩǲ֪֮ʶԺһϲˣ߸˵Ĺһӣô
ܽ˵ЩʲôԼ廰ĻҲûУϴ⣬˺һ̲סѩԮҪѩŷԼ
˵ðܽ޾ŦԼӣҪѧУ飬ӶʱüͷҪĻѶǮϾŦԼԺסһҪǮҪԪ
˵ˣԺ󻹵ðܽ޼޳ȥҲ˵ûκλرͶʣңһСĿβͷʹ
˭֪ܽ޵ͷ˰ΣŴǵĹأұлȻʱǡ
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ҪĻԼŪҵŹ֣
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ЦЦֻҪǮܽ⣬Ƕ㲻϶飬һ㣬㱣ֻ֤Ҫԭǵ³çǾܰġ
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ܽƬ̣һԴɵôȥʵŪף⼸ԼˣôһĶԸԼһĶԸȡ꣬治֪Щôġ
ѩųӻصŦԼģһΪĽֵϵͣͣȻָŲԶһĦ¥˵ҸǶ¥ĵʮ£¥ͣλ﹤ԱͿͻͣõģǿȥ̫㣬߹ȥɡ
³һⶰֻڴ˽ӵȥǲһ㣬µ˵ͷͬѩ顣
ȴɴĴ򿪺䣬һӳӣȻϸĿӶҲ䣬û۹ŵӡ
Ӱ´ۣĴӡ
Ķӡļ
棬װŵĶǳƱԪһӣ˵Ҳһ
ӣҲװųƱӣӦòԪǺǣ
ֻһӣһмһǮô˷ܵǸ̶ô


509 ܲ๤1
ֺǺǵ˵ԪǺǡĴ磬ȥΪʲôȥ
û˵˵ɵ˰ɣȥʲôȥǼҿ飬ÿһ˶ǿ
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ҪҸСȥ΢һ˵
ٺ٣˰ɣŶһҾаȫСӣǻŵĺãǺǡӼüŪ۵Ц
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ΪʲôЩʵ
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ǳıƢȥ̸ۣҲãҲãô˵Ҳѩϰ֣˵ԼһʱʵҲȫҲ²ʱ䣬ңвʱ䣬֮Ҳûа
ѩҪ˵ȥʱѾֻʱֹѩ˵˵
ܿ죬͵˵ʮ㣬˵ݣǼҵܲڣΪǼҵԼ㣬ҪְԱ࣬ԣʮ㣬㶼Ǽҵĵ̡
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ǡԼѩЩ죬һ˵ѩǴ׵طģңҲκû뵽죬ѩˣһ˼޹صˡ
ѩҲֱ˵Ҹ硣
ǡԼһͣ漴ڨڨЦҿǳȥϵô㲻֪
ѩҡҡͷңѾ֪ˣ
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漴ѩ˸ڡԼ󣬴һŵİ칫ٴһ仹һŵİ칫ҡ
˴ֵɳˣǡԼŰһϵٻ壬нһʮŮˣȥ֪ͨһ
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һ˿м˵һһȥǼڵĴѩϼ˪ûˮʯ֮ǰܹ˵ڶѾܵĽɾźܿͻнҲϣǺ֦ڣһ£ǲסǼңöԴɩǲõӰ죬˶Ƶ꣬ڼ䣬סƵ
ҽ˵µģ˶٣Цѩĸиľ֣漰ʮĶʣ㲻Ҳ֣˭ʮ˵ס⣬Ͳϲģͷ·ҲãƵҲãԼܹ㶨ˡ
󲮡ѩʣе󲮣Ҹѵôˣ
ȴϾļ˵˵Ǽҵˣ˭˵ĻģҸǼҿģǿүӶͷ׿ϵ飬ߺߣӮˣȴҲǮⲻڹĿôǺǣǿʮ𣡻˭ἱۣ
㵽Ҫôŭ
˻Դܼ򵥣ҵǼҿûҵʮ𣬲ҿԱ֤飬ҾԲҲԲǵĵ飬Ҳ˵Ǹɸģˮˮ
㡭һվָŭ֪ʲôǼҵĵҰ
ǺǡЦΪҰ͵Ұˡ


510 ܲ๤2
ŭɽߣֶָס˰ΣŭҪǿѩĿˣҪǿֻǸδɵëͷСӣ˵һúѿ
ͷ˺͹ʲôҪˡУô߾ȫֹҵǼҿ飬ػĶ
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ЦЦҿû˵κιǼҼҵ飬Ķʲôô˵ҲûϵǺǣǲŵġ
ЩˣһʼһˣͺЩų⣬û뵽һﾹҡ족ز
𣡡ŭЦһתڣǵĵΣʵ᲻ŪŪһֻϣ
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Ҵҵȥ׷ǸͷӣѩӡܽȻǽظں档
ʱ˴ӣһû˵ĵطǸͷȴûӰȴֵһֽ
￴˿ȷ˹·µģ㽫ֽϸʱֽñֽŵģĶᣬӦҲֽ֮ġ
ٴοһܣҲǸͷӵټһƧĵطĴֽ
Ȼһֽ㣬һԲдµ֣ߵ㣬ֲֹ
ֽϵּʲݣɲ꣬Ӧڴæ֮дɵģûκҲûС
ѩסһ
ѩˡҸ磿ʡ
ֽƬ˰ΣҡҡͷԼǼܲȻûϸȥͷϵϢǸոոһ֣ԼˣͷϵϢƽǼҿ·ϵֳɫϢ


511 ȥһ
ﵽķֲҪõʱ䣿պֽƬʵ
ѩ˵ɻĻҲСʱ𳵻߿ĻǾͲҪһ죬ôȥһˡ
ЦЦ˵ҪûֽһĲȥǺǣڣ²ȥһǲеˡ
ʲôʱߣѩȻ֪ŵʲôһäĿˡ
ʱܣЦЦתͷ˳СӣߣҪǣϽҼҾƵ갲ҪȻǱȥģǵö۰
ӺǸмĿһǶˣ磬Ҿ˹ˣһҲżǲѾʲô֣
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˵䣬˴˽ֵصͣȡ˳ӳ漴ѩȥһƵꡣ
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˸ǼƵ꣬䷿ѳӡӼĴˣȥԷ
û뵽˸ոհӣ˹ȴǰӵ˽
ԭ˹Ҳûע⵽һۼ⣬һۿ˹ʱٷǮˣվЦеĸ˹Ӵ˸к
һȫ˹Ӵϲֱߡ
˶˷ˣ˹ҲйԱ˼ݷԼĲʽ
չأ˹ֽͽǲ벻Ǳ̵ͬʳģʦ˵ضĻ֮У˹ҲͲȥƽôˣֻԼԼʳȴҲȥմǵʳ
һֺǺǵĳŷһ˹ӣôôɣոշ֣ͷ
û뵽˹һʹ죬Ƿ֮Ϊϵļ˲٣һ֮£˸¶ĳʹ졣
ڽö˵˾֪ˣ϶ĺܲң
֪ĳĵҲ˵ֻӦܽ޵飬˹˵һ£˵Լ氬ܽ޵ļˣǷµʻˣϣ˹ܹðܽ޵ļܹ밬ܽžۡ
˵£˹ӺˬؾʹӦһ־ݣ
־ת˰ܽޣܽ˹дµ־ݣʵм˺һӡ
ֻǶ˹˵ǹϵԼʽ飬ԼҪ͸һ飬ĲգҲ˵ȥԣҪ˵ԣ˹תˣ˹Ҳܾ
ǮңҪֱתǻҪת䣬һЩʱ䣬ǧԪɹת˹ӵϣҲ໨һСʱ
Ȼٷʿˣֻһ𣬶˹˵ǲֵһᡣ
˷˹ȴͳſˣĸǣڳͻ󼪴ΣԼȥһǸ¶ĳ
ԼҪ飬˹ӶˬˬĴӦˣԼȥһ˶ĳҪӦĻҲʵЩⲻȥ
ӣոһӣۺҼڶˣҪôȥһѣʧȥĳҲ޲ɡ
ǣ˵ĸһ˹ӹȥ֡
˾Ƶ꣬Լʮӵĳ˹ӾȻ˴һҴ͵ͧϡ
һͧ˼죬˹Ȳľʹֱӽͧĵ㡣
ʱͧĵ棬˲Ǻܶ࣬ԼҲ߰ʮˣֻ΢컯۾ɨһ飬֪Щ˵ǷǸ
ͧ棬ʽĶľǰۼźЩˣһ²ĶŶľߡ
ҲдźǱ¶žˮӵŮӣϵش䡣
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˵ӵĶķҪ˵ö࣬ͶĴСӡȵȡ
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ĳ棬ƽȣȻƽȣֻǿǮķϣ˭ģ˭ǵٵģûôĽ
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˹ӳһԼû£ͣӣһ˵Ҫĵʮϣǡ󡱣ʮǡСѺѺСһһѺʾʹö࣬ѺеĻĳĹ涨һʮߵѺӣѺеĻɾǾ˵һʮ
ȻׯҡǱӵĻֻѺӵĳ룬ĶעȫͨԣȻĳһ涨ǾǵÿѺǱǼ㡣
˵ѺһĵıӣׯȴҡһıӣȻҲѺ˱ӣͬᱻׯҳԵ
ѺıӣׯҡģͬҲ塱ߣﵽʮ
˹ߴﹾĸͣһȴżѩѩͲǣֻǵĿЩļҡ
ʱׯߺ˼䣺º֣ʼˡ
һɲǼ䣬ϲٵ˶סг
Ĵ˵е󡢴󡢴󡭡
СȻǲͣ߶ССС
ĵĳ룬ȴû˽лΪԶĴСڶĵֻĶһ룬ȴȥƽϵʧ
ȻʸߣѺеļʵ̫ˣҲûԸͶ̫ĳ롣
һȺˡ󡭡СССĳУׯҽҿѣһһ㣬㣬СׯҳԴСѺȻҲˡ
ѺСļֵ춼ϲ£ӣ⼸Ӯ˲٣ֻѺȴЩð˵еⶼʲôķȻһ߰С
Ҳ˵סһӦþǴˡ
˵СǺǣҵա
⣬յգׯȻ׬һѵĳ룬ҡӵٴοʼҡӡ
˹ȲĽٵĳŵ棬Ӧ˵һѾ߰ѡСһӦҪˡ
΢Цҡҡͷתͷܽޣ˵ܽС㣬ԸһôõĻҲһգͳ˸̣
ܽ޸ϽҡҡͷԼ޷ģʲôȥģ˵ˣǲĲģ
һԿðܽȥһѣ˼ҲԸ⣬£ƤЦ˵磬˼ҲأҪȥһѣ
ЦЦĳһݸӣԼ
ӿ˿룬ӡŵֻһ٣Щ磬Ҳ̫С˰ɣ͸һٿ飡
һ𰡣๻ˣЦ


512 ƻ
ôһ룬ǰѣӽסЩ࣬⵹ûôǮôһӣҲѾûˣЩʹ
ƫƫЦ˵õĻû׼ȥ׬أ
˺Ƭ̣ڻ̲סջ󣬰һ룬˹ӷڡ棬ȻŴһס塣
ֻ̨棬ѺѺСģעٵĶһǧһһٵĳȥе˶תͷ
ЦЦתͷ԰ܽ˵治ԸģûǮǺǡǮԼױ
ܽЩɻĿ˰β˵ԺҵˣҲ˵ǮĲ
һ⻰ʱͷʹⰬܽޣǸŮӣһǸʮƯŮӣȲӻʲôˣҪճԼɲʲô룬룬Ĳ˼û취
ʱӵȫѺעׯҽҿӣû뵽ӣһ㳯ϣһ㣬ߵ㡰С
Ѻ󡱵˼ͬаˣôǡС
ѺСֺǺǵģһʰԼĳ룬һ߼ţһѻǡС
ׯһûʼҡӣиͷȲĽŵСԼͷӶһѳСļɣżߵġ
˹һһǧ𣬵Ǻ⣬ֻǸĶͽһ૵Ĺһ䣬۾ſʼҡӵׯڣһǧĳ룬ӣڼһѣǳ󡱻ǳС
һʱʹѣµѰûˣ
˼Ƭ̣תͷ԰ܽ˵ҪȻɣܽС㣬ȥѣҪӮ˵Ļģ˵Ļҵģô
ܽ۾һ˿ǣƬ˵ˣĲǼõ飬ǲģòã
ЦЦûϵģֻҪƺԼûû˵ȥľˣҪȻԺԵĺȵģǮ
֪ǮĲĲã
Ȼ̫ϲĲеʱҲҪһѣ
ܶģĲˣһʼӮǮ󣬶ġ
һӻˣⰬܽǺšԼһôôôԽ
ĲģҪȥģԺͱˣ
ˡܽ޵þˣҸ˹һʱ򣬿иĲˣһӴӰ̣Ŷûˣˡ
һ˲䣬ЩⰬܽôšҪԺԼѶȿ϶һС
ʱׯٴҡӣֿʼȴע
۾ϵѣ磬һһǡˣٸһ롣
һѺׯңĳӣԼֻһһǧġ
תͷ硭ҵ׸硭ӮǮͣе𡭡ܹ
˵ţ˿һٵĳ룬ŵ档
ȴ˵ӣúõɣȥߡ
ͷҲأӦ󡯡Ҫߡ󡯡ǣҪȥ
Ӹ˹˶һķŵϣҡҡͷת뿪
ܽһҩƵģ󣬵ѩ˵һ䣺ܳƣҲȥߡ
һˣӶϼ˳
Ŀĵģĳˣ˶ĳֵϣǼװϣǴͷβµĴգ˸顣
ܽ޼Ŀһ𣬹Լ˸ˣ󣬰仰ҲҶ˵
ٴλصװϣվڼװɽһʪĺ磬ѩȴվߣʵƻˣ
Щתͷʲôƻã
ѩ۾΢΢һЦĳǸǮĺõطоͧβһԸĦͧң⴬ϵֻвʮˣҪŵǣλɰİܽС㣬һȫˣ治һ򵥵顣
һ˿ٺЦҿûô밡ٺ١ѵٶȰѳ뻻ֽ𣿡
ѩһЦѾ뵽һˣ˵ûô룬ķǣҪٶȰѳ뻻Ǯǲ׵żǧֳǺܱأ׼һпֱӰǮУ˺ฺܶۡ
ЦЦѩ˵Ӧûע⵽ԱмСӣˣȫת˵ģֻҪÿһõһĳ룬ͿԽ뽻ĵطǸתˡ
˰Σ˵üһһֻиƻһﶼѾ㵽ز
ѩЦǵȻ㸺ȥó룬ҸȥһһԣǾ͸Ͻˡ
üͷ˺һȴҡҡͷӡ˹ӣЩ˵ʱô죿
ĳжĳĹأڶĳӮǮһĿ㲻ǳǧӮֵģҲעĿһׯҶˣֻǱܷһ𲢡
ĳ⣬һĿľҪ׬Ǯĳ׬ǮˣֻһĳϰҲƽϣҪöĳĲ׬ҪһأҲǱȻˡ
ȻҪӮǮԲֻһ㣬ǵһĿȴǻҪǵöĳϰ巢쭣ǳǧҲǳǧҪȻҲòϸȥΣ·
ȻĴ㣬Ҳܲ˼Щͽ
ڻ֮ʱ˼޹Ҫӡ˹ӵˣҲȥô˵
ѵȥ˹Ӻȥ˵ǿߣҪһ
ѩ룬˵ߣһῴ׼֪ͨ˹ǱߣҲбڣӦûµġ
ͷβԼļƻһ飬µ˵ͷֻˡ
£תͷĬİܽ˵ڣеѣҪʵʽȥҶļѡ
ܽСʵʽѣǿ취Ҫȥĺòã
϶ЩˣָŰܽޣŭ·Ҷģ߱ټ㡣
ܽ޵۾һգͣһˮƬ̣ŵͷ˵ˣˣȥġ
ѩЦЦĿһۣǰܽ޵С֣ڰܽ޶ֹ˼䡣
ܽˣ糺죬˺þã˵ˣҲԸȥģֻҡ಻ãǲҵ¡
ܽ˿ڣ˵ǱƭģòãǲڵȥԲ֪ˡ


513 
˵»صĳռƻʼʵʩж
ʱ˹ӸԼһڶĴˣЩˣһֹׯҡѡС֮ǰ߰ѣһʮѡС
˹ʱѾǧĳ룬һҲѾһɶһֱų󡱵ˣҲòȥԽǳСӵĳԽ࣬ԣҲԽԽ
һɫۺĿ˳һ𰡣ԼҲôûˡ
Цӣ𣿡
硭䶯˼촽˵硭ԩĳ̫ˡ
Ǻǡ𣿡ЦЦҡҡͷӣסʮľ䣬ĳҲΪ⣬ģмԸ뷭ô
ӵԴҡͬ˹һ㣬˹ӸĴͣԼѾʹҪ̱ˣٶģǿԼǮ
ЦЦ˿ոҡõѣתͷ԰ܽ˵ﻹһ룬ŵ㱪档
ܽ޽ӹеһöһٵĳ룬ԥƬ̣˹˹ķŵָĵطׯҼܽ޵ĳ㱪ϣһ˿죬漴ָɫżͽע
˹ӼܽҲʼѺעһתͷֿЦеĿѣµȰʦһһֱǳСǸǸѺ󡯰ɣһѣ϶Ҫˣ
ЦЦҲ˵һѣҲһ룬ѣҪˣҲˡ
˹ӻҪ˵ʱׯȴеº֣ˡ
һƬ󡢴󡢴󡭡СССĵУׯڽҿѡ
ѺСʧ˳
ӡѺ󡱵Ҳ۾˳
棬ӣ㳯죬һ㱪ӣ
ҡѵׯһ˿Ц⣬ľ֣ѺѺСԼѺĳ룬ͳͳĶԵˣ˵ҲǺü򣬶ⰬܽʮҲǧǾţһë
⸶ϣׯҡӡ
һ˵ֻҪһ֮󣬳󡱵ļʺܸߣԣһ֣е˶ѳŵ棬ѺС޼ѺѺӵģҲûˣѺӣȻرߣѺеļСÿ
ԣһĶͽڡ󡱡С⣬ҲԲԸȥѺͱӡ
ܽѺе㱪ӣȻѺˣȴΪǵһΣҳ벻ֻ࣬һ٣ҶֻΪãҲûע⡣
һҡõѣðܽްеĳ붼ŵСǡߵ㡱档
ʣһʮҲ˵ǧһٿĳ룬ѺˣҲͽֻʮ
ЩͶͽֻڡС棬һξʮʮԣܽްǧĳԥԥķŵߵ棬ûȥע⡣
һȽл֮ׯҽѣеһ̾ӣһ㣬㣬ȻǡСߵ㣡
˰ܽ޵ʮǧ룬ׯҰﶢһܽޡ
ȻֻܽѺѣ׼ȷԺǾˣ˵ıӰɣֻܽѺӣȫ˵ֻǡáϾµע󣬲һٿ飬ȫΪˣǣһѺˡСͬ׼ߵ㡱֣ΪׯңʯھҪһˡ
˭֪һ֣ܽ޵ı֣ׯҴ۾ܽްָʾһǧĳ룬ŵҶ׷ġС棬ׯȴ˸󡱳ڶֿʼʱܽһ󡱣һǧ飬ׯȴֿһС
ⲻׯҿʼԼǲǶһһЩͽҡͷǰŮѺеıӸߵ㣬ͬѣȫˣҶȥעġ
ٴҡӵʱʾⰬܽ޽ʣµʮ룬ȫŵ㱪ϡ
һ£ׯҳһĶͽ
ıӣҲЩܹ׼ı棬˵ٷ֮ʮŵ˶ôȥʮʹȻˣǳϵĶֻǮˡ
Щͽ΢һ£׷װѳѺ棬ѺСģҲֻв롣
ׯһʱӹһ˿⣬Ӵ򽻵֪ܲԼһҡĵׯҵļ㣬һѣӦһ㣬ʮһ㡰󡱣Ȼ㱪ӺЩӽʵϾǡ
עµò˵ʱҡӵׯң˶ֵĶһѣչƣǸ㷭˸棬㣬ӱһ㣬˵㣬С
ЩׯҲŴߺȣº֣ˣ
ҿʱе˶һ棬ӣ㳯ϣһббĿӱϣӣӦһͬǸ㣬ֻûȫʵ
Ķľ֣Ϊʵ̫ԣԣֻ㱪ӣҲ˵˰ܽѺµʮ룬ģѺѺСׯͳͳԵ
һܽߣׯĶͽߣȴԽ˽һǧ㣬ׯһ׬˽
ׯڴϲ֮࣬ȴЩ죬ռ㣬һӦóֵģǰ˵СǣѵԼոһ£Ϊû׼ȣߣͲȥһ£
ܽޣãڰϻ
΢ԥһ£ׯҾٿһ£ԱȷϣܽǸڰϻĸ֣ͱ뼰ͷͨͷ˳洦ֻǴãҲûʲô顣
ϾͧϵĶĳ֮УҲԲκ˶ӮǮģҪûӮǮĳҲͲˡ
˼Ƭ̣ׯ¿ʼҡӡ
ҡãܽ޾Ȼֻóһһǧĳ룬ķˡ棬ңׯҽҿѣӣȻһ㡰Сܽһǧ飬ˡ
ţܽ޲ϵעÿעһ㶼ûһ룬һ߰˾֣ҲӮ͸ƽĶͽֻ࣬ǱĶͽ΢һܵĻû䡣
һֱڰעⰬܽ޵ׯЩˣܽ޻ֻĶͽ΢һ
ĻׯҾ͸ˣԼҡģܽ޲ʲôֽţҲܳǧӮǵȷǰܽ޵ġʹȻ
ˣׯҷɻ󣬴󷽷ҡһ֡
ȻһΣܽ޾Ȼһ룬ȫŵ㱪ϣ
һеĶͽȻϡŹֶĲģȴû˴ִĳǮģ
һĳ룬ȷֻһСĿڳĶͽ˭Ҳ⣬ҪѺˣǾǧ⸶
ǧȻĶͽͬῴǶĳԶĳ˵⸶ȴ˵Ǻˣοܽ޲ǵһע
ڶͽ֮УׯҽҿѣӾȻһģһ㣬Ȼ㱪ӣ
һ̣ׯͻȻ׹ܽޣǸ֣
ֻǼȻҿѣǾ͵ðչ⸶
⸶ǸׯңĨһѺˮͽĳ˹ſʼܽ⸶ȴ͵͵İһ¶һť
ťͨĳҵľӰťһ̨Ϸϵׯң͵üʱť֪ͨϲܣǳ洦
ֻȻťһֱѰܽ޵Ķע⸶ϣûܳ
ѵǰť˹ϣ
һͷ󺹣İ˼ΣʼûʲôӦ
֮£һĸҡӵǸׯʹ˸ɫҡӣԼ˳ȥ


514 ô
ֻǰܽӮǧѩеĳ룬ңҪռƻȫֽתṩ˺档
ЩȻĶͽׯһʱȫ׹ܽǸ֡ԣܽ޵ĳŵʲôطҲһ˹ȥ
ҡӵׯҪѵʱǸ⸶ּҴҵĴһ˹һԭҡӵǸׯ̹˿
ɨһ۶ϵĳ룬΢΢ЦЦ˵һ֣λջԼĳ룬ҽ֣
̨ӵµĶͽȻ˵Ȼתȴ˿ݿܡ
̨ɾ˲ſ˰ܽһۣȻǰǸҡӵһľߡ
һľߣ涼ֻһӣȫǻڰģҲճһ޲ѵĵ涼һ޲
ո⸶ȥ˷ܽ޵ȷǸ֣Ӧǳ
һ˵ͽиڳ˵ͲǳǧȻǳǧĳҲûɸߣΨһķǾֻƵĶľߣرĶͽĳ̶ȣֹĶͽݵӮǮ
ȻǽĶͽ˵֮£ҪĶͽ̰ᣬԸǵֶΣǾͶ಻ʤˡ
һׯң¶ʱȻЩޣЩһȻС̶ȣԼǲӮǧЩ˾ͳסˣתͷȥȥЩͽһ˲Ǽǧкܶ˶ڵǮ
ƫƫʱѩֻոǧĳ룬ĳѾõָܾǧĳתֽתˣ
Ҳ˵ڣǧ룬ҪôֻׯңҪôֻȥ
ѩôһ˵ʱͷ𣬿ӵȻӵ̶ȣǾͶԲˣֻ÷һ
ʱڴҵע£ôľߣʼҡӡ
ҡӣĽѩеĳ˹ֱӷŵ㱪档
һĶͽʱҲһƬȻӴģĳһ֣㱪ӣСһģҲ˸ӣڡ󡱡С͵Ͼûȥˡ
ֻһƬ֮䣬ıӵĳ˵Ҳһǧ򣬶㱪ӵģ㳬һڵĳ룡
۾תתһѣԼҡʲôҿˣܽǸ֡Ȼ۵ĶСкӣοһҪǿıӣĳҪ⸶Ľͽʮڡ
ȻûҲҽôĶע
΢Ƭ̣ЦЦ˵λǲ£㵽ȥλˡ
̨ӵµĶͽʱһƬ
˵˼һ֣Ѻ˻ѺˣǶѾˡ
ǿˣòҵһõˣҪմմ⣬ȴֲˣ˿ӵã
ȴ̨µĶͽγ£תͷǸ⸶ʹ˸ɫǸ⸶ֶʱƹߵߣò˸롱ơ
ЦЦԼǧ˻عͷһˣҲ֪ô£˵ͻȻһ˦ȻѴ򷭡
棬ӰĵȻһС
ԭ²Ѷͽǣһ˲֮;˺þãЩ˲ųسһϵ۱ӣһҺûҪĻԼҪúܲҡ
˿ӵĵȴһ£һڣľԼˣ
ڼػϣļܶһĻ˸һҲ˵ԺԼҪڳ뷹ѶȾͻӲС
һڶʧ˭ĵġ
ȴģģǸȥ󣬰ܽ޲ӱҲҪȥֵģȴѩס
ĳĹڵĲ㣬װ޵ͬʹƵģȺ
ܽˣһٸƽվڵĲҡ
ʱ򣬰ܽ󣬽סЩԼ˵˵ģȥĵģºˣ˵ֳʲô
Ȼ֪ܽЩ£վúѵ˶࣬ʨܲסȺǰ
סֻߵſڣҲǰˣһģĺˣһмĴһ±Լ˲ֹһͷԼЩİܽޣ˰Դʾܽ˽ȥ
ЦЦǴҡڵĽ˲ҡ
棬Χһڣ岽һڣմ˱ڣмһżԲԲһȽŲ󷽱ģӥ۹ǵͷӣ⻹һֵóİ˴ӣԼһŽ˿۾ļȳƣʮҵˡ
ƣȴûʲô롣
ӥӵͷӼĵ˵ͷĿλ¡
Ҳĳһţ漴˵ҲˣЩȴֳܻ㿴ô죿
ܽ޽Ǹ˱ڣˢһͳһǹԴϡ
۾Ҳգһ£ЦǶĳĹأ
ӥӵͷ΢΢ҡҡͷǺ˱ںǲ޵Ľǹ˻ȥ
ĳϰ壬ұ˵úˣӥ˵˵
Ҳʲô֣Ȼǿĳģ뻹ĽһţǺǡӮ˳ȴòǮôĹأ
˵ҡҡͷԱ˹óһ֧Ʊݸӹһ֧Ʊ治಻٣ոպǧ
պ֧Ʊ˵òų˵㲻ܶĵþˣǡλѣҪʶʶı죬ϲġ
ǲǷҪٶȥɣЦ˵ҿɾֻǧֽ𡣡
˵òǲǷҪȥɣֻǳ˵һǧǧҽһǧһڵʽһ
һ⻰ܽˮҪˣǶĲɱˣ
벻Ҳҡҡͷ˵һ˫һ˫źúõģҿɲǮҪһֻԣǲҪĵĺá
Ļ˵꣬Ǹһͳǹͷϣű˵ã˵ºܲòңʹޱǹָңǵڶˡ
δ䣬һ˱ͻȻڿնԽ˵õͷ¡һˤڱ˵ñǽϣԴʱǽڣ˹ǽϣסڶ
ıһ֮£ȫͳǹָ
һЦӣű˵ã˵Ҫң
ոˤǺ˱ڣ׵˱ʶңҪĻǶõıʶվֻ֣˵ÿġ
˵һ˵ܿ񣡡
ȫǹ˵񡱣
˵õ˵ͷӵıڶʱǹ̹ȥǽϲסĺ˱ڣƶﳶ˳漴˳ȥ
Ǻ˱ڱ˳ȥ˵òų˵пʱûߵŮӣ
Ҫ֣һű˵ã˵
˵һ˵ÿһûȵӻҪƺָԼĲӣֻҪԼ΢е춯̾ͻᱻԼĲӡ
˵þǴǹֵꡢ˶˵ûжĿֲһ˲䣬˵һֱµĿ־壬һ˵Ŀ־塣


515 ľ֣1
ĳһϰ壬ʲôĴ࣬˵øݣһ̣˵ÿһ±ԼҪݡҪˣ¶ֻһССкӡ
һ̣˵Щη
˰Σ˵ò˵ǵңйӳ徢ǿĳģûУ
ҡҡͷûȥ룬Ҳȥ룬ԼǰĲ׬СǮˣȴΪĳ̫СԼļƻˣĻʲôĺ˭֪
ҵҲʲô鶼Ǻڡ㿴ֻ϶ȹҵ°뱲ӣ˵һܺõĽѵ˵ǿŭͿ־壬ƽ˵
ЦЦԺ˭Ҳ˵壬Ҫߣҿ϶䵽³ǺǡΪڴţ˲ϲţ
͸ոǸ˵³˵õĿõģȻ֪Ǹ˱ڵǴֵٶȣԼұϵǸƶʮڣȷĶ֡
ҪΪЩǹͿºУڣңǷԣǮϰ壬ٶȵĹ£ûܹ֤ӵĳϰ塣
ͽֲĻƾո¶һ֣ʮڣܹŪʲôǴۣܴųȥģҲмˣȻһ֣ܻųȥģԲϰ塣
ʱһŽ˿۾ĸŮһļУҴҵ˽˲мһˣֱ˱˵ߣͷڱ˵õĶߣ󹾹˵˼䡣
Ķ⸾ŮԱ˵˵ʲôȻһ
˵Ǹոյʾкӣ˽ǼҵĿˣһģһӣǼǧҲڳŮ˹ӵδޣܽ
ǼҵĿˣǼСǧ˹ӵδޣһɲǼ䣬˵õüë塣
Ƭ̣˵ò΢΢˵ͷ˵֪ˣȥɣ
⸾Ů΢΢˹תȥһʱ֮䣬˵ô˼
ǸŮı棬Լ˵õ̲סЩЦǼҺ˹ӵͷȻ˵ˣ˼
Լôſ㲻Ǻٻ
˰Σ˵̧ͷ˵˵ǼҵĿˣ˹ѣ˵ҲеԨԴҵĶĳӮǮԭҲƽϣǰ֣ô˵Ҳеݡ
һ⻰ﰵЦһ£˵˼ҪԼϸȻ¿Ҷи̨׺¡
ҪԼ˼ԭԤƵģԼΪ˰ܽޣʧǧ𣬶ңܽԺԴסУû䣬ȻزôҲҪ˵óѪԼ¡
ܽʾ뿪õʱ΢˵䳡滰ҾܺúϺɢ
ȴ飺˵߱£벻һ֣ƾƾʣԭҲֻ㲩ڵģȻͺͺˣǺǡӣ˵ҹݣߺߡǲ㽲ˣ
˵ɫһ𣬶Ա˵˵㲻ʲôһԼ̨Ը£ڴңǵͬڴԼ
˵ÿ˰Σ˵ܺãȻĻǾٶһֵʲôľߣ
Σ˵ðҲʶ٣ֱֵĶľʲôʲôƻ
ȴ˿ںһʲôƻҪԼģԼаնĵ˵ȥ
˵һҪѻ˵ǰͷˣǶģҲֻиոǧҵְʲôֵôǮЦ˵
˵òֻǵһЦתͷһ֡
һֱ˿۾ָͷƱϵ۾˹ĵʱ˵ãҪѾС棿
ǸȴɻĿű˵ãƬ̣˵õģ
˵΢΢ҡҡͷȴ¶һ֡Թ˲֪
һ˲֮ƺǢࡣ
ܽ޶оõһֱѹԼǹɿ־壬һʱ֮ࡣ
ʱˣһűͦİɫʮңһԴŷˣһ󸹱㣬ӷףжȴ쳣ݵˡ
˽ֻԶԱ˵øԼǸ˿۾ӵ˵ͷ漴ڱڰȥ
λ˵ָǸӣ˹ά˹жĳѾ֮ãһλǴȫĴħʦ
ٳ΢΢Ӣ˵˾䣺ٽԴգ
Ҳ΢΢һףЦе˵ҡͺá
ЦЦĶСʲôУλҵ֣ܽС㡣
ٸһЦǲסĿͶܽޡ
˵һˣǿʼľ֣ÿһһǧĳ룬ֶӮ
ٵ˵ͷҪʲôô棿
ЦЦӰɣոģĶķҲôϤ
˵ЦҪӣһһӽװŵһѣԱ߰ոµӡ
ǱڽӷŵϣȻ˿˵֣ӡѵȶľǷ񰵲Żء
һ飬ЩӵʵǴҲûҲʲôأȴľʵģſԸĺ޲ӣһֻ棬ûаܹŶĻء
ֻĿһۣ˵ףװģ˰ܽ޼һ飬漴ʾⰬܽ޽ӡƵǰټ顣
ҲϸֻһץץȻڸֻһģǼӶʱһӱ㱻ס
Ȼٱ㲻סҡӣҲʱذͷֻջصϣҲϵĻζסȶ
һ̣еıǱ˵ñˣֱؿٵҡѣŵ޵سݡ
ǰܽߣЩ
ֻһȴǿСҲһ㿴٣ǼһûлôõŪ
ֻǣⲻŪ˵õȴ֪ٹŪϤÿÿһ棬ѱײȻƽ˼ȴóܹÿһÿһװʱּϸ΢
òˣšžһѿϣȻһĽҿѡ
ѽҿһɲǣܽ¶˾塪ӣ㣬Ҳ˵ôŪһƬ֮䣬ٲѣһԼַӶҡıӣ
ⲻľߣڳûʾ
ٷѣЦЦתͷȥ˵ãľˣȻǿģڿ֮ǰһ¹غͷ⵱Ȼֻɱ˵˵
ÿҡһѣ˭˭Ӯ˵õ˵


516 ľ֣2
ӣĵҲ㱪ӣһ㣬ոѾˣҲ˵Ҳֻҡһ㱪ӣһӮ١
˵õĻ䣬ٶʱȽץǻٳҡһͨ
ȴһ΢ЦǿϷһ㿴Żٳҡӵ٣ܽһ˫ȴ˽š
ֱپòˣֲϴһžһѿϣȻһȻתͷĴɨһۣһǼ֤漣ʱ̡̬
һ̣۾գ£ʶ˵컯۾ϣߴѣ˹ȥ
ò˵ϵĹĺ˵ãӣһҡһӣÿһ㳯ϡ
ܰӶҪ㣬һĵһӣ⼸ʹڶĲһҵ֮УپǶĸ֣ʵ
ֲ˹ά˹еĶĳһ˵ġ
ɫƽȴ͸һɡҸôСëӶԶģֱһ衱񣬻һ飬Żȥѡ
٣Լ˶벻ǣڽҿһɲ֮䣬ǸԭֱúúõһȫЩӹ˼תʱ廨š
һ˲䣬е˶ʯһ㣬Ŀӡ
ЦеģһЦһһһ㣬㣬һĵ㣬㣬һ㣬һļһʮټʮߵ㣬ѵѵá
˵üͷɫΪŹֵ٣ֿ˿һ̣΢΢ʼϢǣԼû׵ļ
ʵĲħԹͨĵطһħĺõˣҪȥĲԱֻϰĲҪֵĿö࣬˵ħ۹һͽǷڶĲʱǷ׳ǧȵ۶Ϊϸ΢ϸڶֳʼնֻǱħ۹ȴȻͬΪκħĻԭͨġ
ǴҲûܿ׵ļҲֻ˵Ҫôûκ׳ǧҪô׵ַʵ̫ˣٶܿ󣬴Ҳ׵ԭ
˺һٲвʵץЩӣϸļһȻ㬵Ƶǰ
ȴȥմֻ֣תͷ԰ܽ޵˵ͷʾһðܽæҡӣܽŵòˣæҵģһûôĶľߣò׽ѿϣﱿֱŵ΢ζһ£˭֪Ѹѿһ죬һӳû˳һϣ˸תһ㳯ϡ
Űܽæҵӣ̲סЦԼղҡʲôܵ˵ƾҡӵַϾܿܽޣսŵĳ㲻ϣַȻҲ֮ˡ
ıڣԼ˵õҲǳسһ
ܽ޼ԼҡһӣһţϽѣҪһӼŻصȥҡ
û뵽ܽ޸ոշѣ˵þͳȵͣĳмĹأ춫㲻֪ܲɣҲ˵һӣѾϣȻֻҡʮߵ㣬ҡʮ˵㣬ҲӮ
ӣܹҪĵҲֻʮ㣬ڣܽʧŪһӣȴֱ˵Ϊ˷ϣҲ˵ܽٵҪҡ㣬ʣµӣܵ㣬ӮĻᣬȻҲҡĸһĵ㣬㣬Ȼܽ޲ô
ܽ˵һѾϣסһţһȥץѣҪҡϼ£ôҲ㾡
ֻǰܽ޵ֻûѣ˵˵ҪˣѾӣǾͱʾѾҡˣǽѣǾͱȥֻܵǷѣ䣡
ܽһ£ȴһԵĹܽС㣬ձ˵ķԸҿӣ
ܽЩʧĿԼովôһζĵûô䣬οԼŪһӳһֻϲûӮϣ
Цһ֣ǲǻĴλôҿɣñ˵õȡ
ܽ޺ᣬģķԸѴ򿪡
һɲǼ䣬еٴνĿ⼯۵棬ֻĸ㣬һĵ㣬಻٣ոպñٵĶʮߵһ㡣
˵õ˵ͷ˿۾һ죬ǸȴüͷһĪΧһȦıڣĿɿڴ
һ֣ʤƬ̣˵ò˵
̣͹һһǧ֧Ʊǰ֧ƱһĿȻݸܽޡ
ܽպ֧Ʊ˵˵ڶ֣뿴˭ҡĵ٣ţܽС㣬Ҫղ©ӣǾͽһ㣬Сĵɡ
һΣҪ٣ٵĵҲ㣬ϴһһСĵһǾ;ٲӮĻᣬϾٵַ΢עһ£ʹҡһ㣬Ҳʮ¡
ոհܽӮýĪܵ˵˵ĸоãԲеڶΣ԰ܽСĿȴָʾ
ȵЦЦ˵Ȼȣ
ʱٲܲһ壬ԼոʧˣԶһ裬ҪǰܽҡһıӣԼҲֻҡһıӳȻӮʼտƽ֡
ҪǰܽҪһ㣬ʲôƾԼľ飬Ҳ«ưȰܽһ㣬ΪʤԵԼվһҲڱ˵õǰЩ
⣬ٲ˵롭
˵ͷʾⰬܽ޿ʼҡӡ
һΣܽС࣬ȫս̣ǺѣŶѣҡ
룬ܽڽһ֮ڣӵδ޵ݣ䵽ӽԺøͨϰһӣͻȻ֮䣬ȴַ֣ʵԼԼһˣкö˶ԸԼԼļҲԶǸսĹҡ
һ֮ڣܽ޼˱һҲܾĴ䣬ԣܽԽСľȻԽǳ˴ѣҡ߰£һ̵ӳڸֻϵĴ˸ͣ
Ȼһ㳯ϣе˶̾һȻһ㣬ǰձ˵˵ĹӣʮˣȻټʣµܽһҡĵҲʮϡ
һȰܽ޽ҿѣ¶һϲ⣬Ӯ˵ʵ̫ˣòķȥȡʮµĵҡʮ㣬ǶӮ䡣


517 Ǻϵ
ʱ̲ܽסԼôôڹϣôǸ©ӡ
Բ𡭡ܽѣһᣬһ߸˵
ŰܽᣬЦЦοܽС㣬㲻ѹʵѾĺܺˣǺǣҪǻŮӣⳡ棬Ѿ˹ȥ͸Ұæˡ
ȴЩȲ˵ܽС㣬չأѾǿѵʱˣߺߡ㣬ټĵҪӮңº˰ɡ
ܽĬĬؽҿѣ벻ǣӣֻһ㣬Ķ㣬汻ʮ㣬Ѿﵽ˾˵ʮ㣡
Աȵ˵ټԲȥκرַҡһʮµĵӮӮܽޡ
ö룬ܽ޽ոպõ֧Ʊ˳ŵϡ
ЦЦôǮˣǺǣҾͲˡ
˵ţȥ֧Ʊ
ܽ޺ҡҡͷҡĵǶ٣ܵҵ˿ˣҲװ׵ġ
úúáһ죬漴ЩεЦҾķڷ
˵ţѣһΣɢϵսѣȻֻҡ£һţһȥհܽǰ֧ƱһЦ˵Ҫ˸һʮ㣬Ϊ˱˵ףԼҿӲ鿴
ҡҡͷǿ϶ҪģͬȥҪӣ𣿡
˵õ˵ͷתͷһ˵ң
˵ԼȥҿӣȻΪ˷ֹ˵Լڽҿѵʱ򣬰Ŷֽţıңʾ
ʱպ֧ƱЦеĶǸ˵ɣĴ󵨵Ľҿǣһʮ㣬Ӯˡ
ǸСĽҿӣ漴˿ľ֮ϣעСһ£ֻǾˣ˵֣ҲǸոռģҿӾ뿪˰ձ˵õ˼ʾ֮⣬Ȼе£һҪˣû׼ͻǨŭԼ
Ӵ򿪣˵ÿһӵ¶˼ı顣
˿۾ӸҲǡһ˳һֱĴһĿƬ̣΢Цŵ˵ͷ
һӣЦ˵Ҷ٣ɲҪƭңһһ㣬ӦʮһŶԣ˵һʮ㣬ѧʦ̵İɡ㡭ٵͷȥѣһ۾ôģ˰ΣͻȻ˵ܡܣ㡭ǧ
ǺǵЦǽǰɣҳǧܵҪ֤аѱ԰ɣвٵļأѼػ֪˭ǧˣ
˵õȻҲ뿴ػ棬һ⾿ʲôطһ˼ӲУȻȥһȥء
Ȼ˵˳Ҳã£˵תͷǸ˵ȥѼص
Ǹ̰һ¼ϵĶԽ˵˼仰Ȼ򿪷һܴӻ
ʱϵĻʾһľͷǶġ
Ǹóң˵ϣ˵ңѡһҲĻ棬ǶϣʮĿҲһж
ְӣֻܿϣָͷûһ£ٻģͷϵĵȵȻ棬ʹţֻܿ˵֮⣬ûĶİܽ޵ľͷҲʾܽ޲׳ǧ
еˣ۾ɵĴģҪػϣҳ˺üӣ϶ǰ׷Ļû˿ó춫ʲôʱôֽš
ŵϵļػ棬üͷ˵Ȥ
ʵҲ˵΢΢̾һһңأ㽫ӹˣû뵽ЦղţλҳǧҲˣûκθݣڣҵǺܻλǧ
һΣŭʲô˼˵Ҫ֤ݣԸõųǧ
˵ȴͻȻû˵
˵΢һĬתͷǸ˵һ䡣Ǹڵ˵ͷٴ֪ͨң߸ղŵĻ洫
ǱߣͬļأҲûʲô⣬ļϣһľʮеʱҲҡӣȥհܽ޵֧ƱʱٵԵĻһССĶһ˲ѡ
⻭žͷϸҪٵ࣬Ʊ˵õʱܷ֡
˵ûǽͷϸؿһ£ִﻬһСȻһһģһӣ֮һ˲ѣȴվȥհܽ޵֧Ʊʱ·ı߽ǣѴ¶һ˿϶
棬Це˵ֽͦģϧҪװģ֧ƱҲܷ͵͵ĻӣǺǡ
ܡһ˲䣬ٷԼˣΪһڹ֮ͥ³ǧץ˸ţԼһ뷹ϳԵͷˡ
ǣٵûжֽųǧףСԷһʮ㣬ԼõðŶͷΣȥǧôôô
ϵĻ棬ʾװףԼǳǧġ
ԩ
㡭ݺŭԼ٣ָҪ˹ƴ
˵΢΢ҡҡͷ̣ǰֱӽٰס
𣿡Ͼ˵㻻ӻ棬һߵһӣҿ֪˵Ǽˣ
ţеܣҸû
˵΢΢Ƭ̣˵ģһԱߵһ΢˵̱࣬㷢ȷʵ죬Ĳ˵ԼóӣǶģһӣֻǱͬףȴͲ
ң˵һһӣϴ˼ͳϣӣκַӶֻһϣƣǹǦˮ֮Ķġ
ʱ˵߾񣬲а
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ǺǵһЦǰ̨Ϸ飬һû֣˵⻰Ҷ˵˰ɡ
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519 1
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520 2
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Ҳþܾһ˵˵ЦЦͧү˴ıлȥԼȴˣǰǸݡ
һѩ˵˹ҲҪһ𣬶ʱܵĸ˹һΪģԼʦֵܣ˹Ҳ͵ĽԼһʦ塱ʦǰʦֶģȻúóԺúȹš
˹ӸһҲ⣬ɵ֮£˹ĳȥҺóԵĺġ
ѩȴӰܽһɴʱ֣Űܽ޳ȥ·ͷ߰˰˵ģŮϲ顣
ˣƵķʣүӡ
үĿʵӦҪ˵Ǽһһ£
ЦЦһˣпգҾȥҪûգҲȥ
ô˵ڽϣҪģһš֣ңͻȻΪѾӦˣ
漴ЦЦʵ˵ãǼԼҲȥֳɣ˵Ҳжʮ˵ģǾǼٵģҪȻԼĴӦ˱˵á
үȻϳɾȻ֪Ӧ˵õʲô£Ӿܿó飬϶кܴ档
˵˲ʲô࣬£СһЩǰϻĿĳһ飬Ϊһҹ֮Īʧˣǰ˵õԱ˵һмȥһڣҽԺȴҲ򡣡
˶٣үӼ˵ҸЩֹ㣬ֻǸһҸ棬˵ô򽻵Сһ
˵ͷүүѵǡ
˵үӳƬ̣żʵ˹ô£
̾һҲǳ棬Ǽһϵģ˹ӱԲҾÿԸѡ
˽ѣҲģ˵δ޶͸ˣôã
һ漴үȥڲŰı¶˳
Լѩദʱ䲻̣˵үӣ˭óѩѾͷԼ˼ҪǼҳǼҿʧ¶үӾҪȰ˼¶
ϾӸռϢʾȻᣬǸһүӵ۹⣬ܲ뵽Ҫ絽ߡ
ҪȵķӣȻǽףοѩ˼Ҳס
Ĳ˼Ͳ˵ˣԶԶģֻҪַüһЩûʲô飬ȴðܽޣ¹ѩҸԼǼҵǰ̣үӾͲò
˵ӴܽҲŲʱ䣬ȻΪܽԺ·ǰܽ֡šͷʹԸû̾ͽߡ
ԣֻÿЦһ£˵ҪΪ˸ŪǮҲͲȥ˻ˮˡ
ү΢΢˼Ƭ̣˵һˣڽ֮ǰмŮѣ㲻ʲô£ڽ֮󣬾רעͻͥȣͥȣʲô¶һͿ
ү̾һ˻һֲ˵ǺӣҲΪŵһݼҵ
˵ǳϽ⣬ѽȥǼܲ˵һ飬󣬻˳ݸүӹĿ
үӿֽ˫ü˺ðΣ˵һȥ׼һ£Ǿһȥ
ֽʲô𣿡ʵ
үվ˵ǱϿжҪȻͻˡ
ʵ벻үһֽȻôķӦʧʵʲô⣿
үֻعͷ˵ǳǻ˶ҪҸĲҵ͸ˡ
һô
үһһ˵Ǳߵ⣬ԺΪǮ⣬ǽ꣬Ϊʽת飬óǻ˶ƹܣ˿ӣ˲ٵĹɷݡʰһ£ٸϸ˵
ԭƻߵ֮ǰŹȥģүӵӣǵȲˡ
ҲԽȻǼҵĲҵɲһС£ǳҪ͸ˣҲüˡү֪һ²ǣϾǴҵүִƴġ
ǣǳȻģҪͳȥүӵжʲôԣ⵽ô£


522 Ю
㣬үӴڡѩܽޡһˣ̤ȥķɻ
˹ȴΪڶ࣬˵ϲųԣһߣֻԼˣ˹ӵ˸ʹ绰ϵ
Сʱọ́˳˾͵˸Ǽҵķֲ
Ǽҵķֲںϣٴ󺣣ڴӱϣͿԿޱ޼ʵĺԼĴֻ˾ߺ羰ʮӸܽ˾ú档
ֲԱԵͦģΪһʱǼҵʽ𲢲㣬ڷֲĹģϣԱϣﶼܲǱ߿˲١
ڷֲȴûһǳүӴĵ绰Ҳػˡ
Ҳ֪ǳǲǵ
ʷֲԱԱҲҡͷû˵ǳ
ڷֲһֵֺĸоָоѹ֣·ǳͶĸעԼһ˵һһҲǳʲôط
ڷֲһûҵǳʲôҲ첻ɡ
ү֮࣬ʱԼһ˵Ȱ׵ֶʱͷʽ漴ȳȥߡ
ϾᣬǸԼһͷӿڷֲ棬ǻƵġ
ǼҵķֲҲߵ̫ԶʲôʱϻҲֻںߵɳ̲ϣ˸طչԡ˳ڹлĶӡ
ֻһﻹûϼڣͻȻ֮оһΣյϢ
һɳ̲ǺܿԱ߲ԶĵطǼҺͷʱдֻ·ʱʱľͻһӿˣԣȻôһСɳ̲ƽȴûϢˣ
ǡʱʮ˽鵽ɳ̲棬ңɰԲΧ˹
ΣյϢʮм䷢ġ
Σգѩ˵ʮֺ£ֻҪ˼ӸܽˣϿǰҲûС
ۿʮһΧתͷȥѩû뵽ѩҲƳ鲻ԣ£΢΢һͷ˵ߣǡ
ҲȵߣǶϤһû취
ѩ΢һתڴãԼ·֮Եýޱȵİܽ˵ߣǵ鷳ˡ
һѸո͵ϵʳһӣתͷʮѾԼֻʮԶˡ
ӡ໡Ľһ󺰵ܽߣҸڻǡ
ѩһק˰ܽޣһ߽еڻҡ
δ䣬ʮ˿ѩҪܣ·һһ˹
һɲǼ䣬ֻƴһƬɳ˻˻һȺ˵š
ü˫
ȥĺɳȻͬӵֱ˵ƤǴϣ۾ͬҲǾܡ
̣ĸ˵۾ɳӣҲкüһģ̱۾ûüҲϵģȻǽ˲ٵɳӣңǺһѪˮʽ˶ӡ
Щ˸û뵽ȶ֣ңˡַһģֻ΢΢һóϵ
ֹܡ˫ڹʲôģʱͬһ
Щ˶ǼΪ׺ݣһ飬ʲôģֱĵطк
һѾһʱûù˵ĹһӲһѿŵĿöϳأӵһ㼤ȥԶԶĵ˳֧ͬõֻùۡ
һ֣һԼϳһƹļһץסһһﵽ˸Ȼɳ̲һ٣Դһ㣬˵ϰֱӲɳӣֻ棬סĵ
սУֱӴ򵹣ӽֱӴûֵһգۼ䣬ŵ߸ˡ
Ȼ벻ǣԼ߷ŵ߸ʣµΧѩѩȻս׻壬ȴԶԶûôɾȷŵԼˣܽȴ䵽
ǼҲսӸܽ˷ҲƵֱɳ̲߱ȥµļˣǼ˶Ҫϵɳ̲Ĺ·ˡ
󼱣һߴţһ˹ȥƫƫѩʼһֻĿż˼Ųסӡܽˣϵ·ͣ·ϵĳꡣ
ۿһȫӣϳţһ֮£þȫʶҪһ˲֮䣬ǳӵĳضסӳһЩ˵ĶԼѩ׷Ϲȥ
룬ȴΪ̫ԶʶǼˡ
Ȼǿһ£Ǽվǿ˳ţӸܽ˳ӡ
漴˷ӣѸݵǰܶ
ۿӸѩ˾Ҫߣʱ֨һɲһܳͣѩߡ
Ŵ򿪣̽Դеϳ
ѩ˺ԥӣָǰӸѩ˵ĳӣе׷
ĳѣֻһƬ̼䣬ܳ㷢ϵĳ٣ǼǱͻģҲ٣Ҫ׷ӱЩѡ
ڳ֮Уܳųϵͻ뵹ǲסǣʱȴҲȥʶǰǲӡ
ӸܽģһãͻᱻĻͳʲôģ˴ѹ顣
Ȼǰǲӵ˾ҲһΪĽɫһĻкϤʼնⲿӱŲ̵ľ롣
ڳ˽ʮӣǰһһŻмһ꣬ͻȻ֮ʹӴʧ
ˡһߴŷ̱óһ߽е
ѩץŰȫ֣˵һ¼Ϊܣ˵ˣȫʧټܹҲŶʮӣҹƣһͼƻ˵ġ
ȴŵ˵ǰڶ񳵣ǵȥˡ
ȷڰæ֮У˺üѷ̣Խǰһͻ񳵣ֱӳ˵˹ȥ
һ֯ģҪҪүү˵һŤŤѩһŬסԼӣһ
ȻڸߣǼҵԶԶŦԼǰӴ󣬵ǶһɺԮͶһ
ǰӣ˵ˣҵҪ˭ĵӣȻô󡣡
ųӽڴ񳵺棬һųӷ˲٣һ߿һ˵Ҹոոͽӵ˵֪ͨ˵Ƕĳ淢ڹ˵ߣ̫ƽ
ѩһ漴ʵǶʲôˣ
΢ǰľһ˵ձ˵ĹƣӦþ֮ҪμӶľֵˡ
˶٣˵и䣬õ
ѩʵΪʲôҪǡ
Цһ£˵ǸЭ飬ڣҾ֣


523 Ȼ
ΪͧϵĹ棬˵֮ԼľϸڣѩǺǸĳѩæŴ簬ܽޣҲû˵ԣ˵Լ֣ѩһֱǻɣΪʲôôɣǡþϣ⵵£ְԼ
ʱҲϸȥ
ԴȴǷģΣһľֵΪˣңԼҲǸЩȫȡ
ˣ˵ܹɴԼ֣Ҳʮֵõһ顣
ϾסԼһľϣŻʮա
Ǵ̫ǰװСĻ񳵵ĺţͻȻ֮䱻򿪣ӳ֧ǹŴܳһɨ䡣
һʱ֮䣬ǹڴܳһ𻨣ܳĵ粣ϣ˺ü
Һãǻ񳵸ոʻϣһƫֵһ£һʧȥ׼ͷ
ԴеҪȻͲ׷ȥˡ
ٿ㡭һȭѾѣûȫɢĵ粣Դе
룬Ҫʶȥ赲ǰϵǹȫٰܹѳӿʮڵĻȻҿ϶ܹñʶֱӸɵǹˣ취赲һ£Ǵ׼Ҳܰõġ
תǸԴѹõ͵͵ģһŲȵ˵ףܳһŭ̼׷ǻ񳵺治ʮԶĵط
ת΢˼£ֺǿݵƽǿ񳵵˾Ҳһĵ֮
ȶǹˣܳѾ뵽ʮ׵ķΧ֮ڣ־ǹ׼
һ˲䣬ȻǰһˣǱʲôץסˣݺݵһ㣬һӵȥȫ·棬Ҳ㲻ȣʹӻ˳
Һ˱󣬶˨˸ӣűסûˤúĳࡣ
һ£˶ʱһ
ǿסΣٴҪǹû뵽ȱ򿪵ĺţȴĪģॡһ͵ع˻
ߵǸˣǹóЩ˻񳵵棬͵ıһײסǹеҼ磬ʱǱ˺ݺһƼιǶѷ˰ɣһʱ֮䣬Ȼʳָʹû취ȥ۶ˡ
ұߵǸ΢һûĺ˵Ҫ۶ȴ͵ķǰһڣһӵںڴܳûУҲͲ֪ˡ
ʮ׾룬ʶô࣬ҲоЩϾʵ֮Уʶĵٶȣʵ̫ˡ
ңֲҺ޹˼ɵĴȥƻǰĻ񳵣ͣϾ滹д֮Ӹܽˡ
һŪû񳵷ʲôģӸܽˣû׼Ҳ군
Ҫñʶȥÿ񳵵˾ذѳͣȴΪ̫Զ˶ʮףҲֻ
ǹˣٴƿŵʱȴͻȻ䷢֣һֱںܳˡ
ھ죬ǰʻ˾ȴͻȻĳѾҲ࣬ң񻹿иӰ񳵡
ϻ񳵵
˱ʶ񳵵ĺĹϣֹһǹˣ漴뵽Ҳǰ취ȥʼվֻǱҪ͵һġ
ƫƫʱ򣬴ҲǰĻ񳵣һС·ߣǰ·խ࣬ԼѳӿǰȥҲֹ󳵣ں棬ȴֻܵŰǹӡ
ٵĿһ£еѳӿ棬ȥ
ʱҲ˲̼࣬Ӵţ˲嵽񳵵Ҳм䣬̱ͬĳ١
ǰ˳ȥվܳϣȫ˵һ˫ϣȻ͵һӣʮָͬѸצ񳵱ĳƤʱָͷץС
һ߿һ߿ڻ񳵳ָɫסˣĻ˵ָҲ̫ƻ˰ɡ
ֻһ֮䣬ĳڱ񳵼·磬ң·һƬƽ̹أļʻҲ˼£ûӿ
ֲıƤҲҵʹȫ˫һֻ֣һƤ˺ѵĴ̶죬̱˺һ󶴣һ˲䣬˽ȥ
ֱʱǹ˲Žӵǰ˾Ļ
ֻ˻ûعͻȻֱ˸Ӱһգ֮䣬ǸӰһѳϰӵıմߵһţұߵ˱һѡ
̺Ŵӳˤ˳ȥ·ϣ˵ҲʮͣʱһҲ֪ǻ
Ȼȥ˵С˿ӸܽˣΣҲ취ȰΣս˵
ֻӲĽСų֮󣬿Ӹܽ޵һû˵̾;˫֡
ץƳᣬƳ룬һգۼ佫˶ӣ̣˶˶ѾŵЩɵˡ
˵Ҳ˹ǽñʶʱû취ȥ˺Ӹܽˡ
ʱӸܽ˶ر۾ڵע֮ҩʱ㻹ûȥ
˳ţЮӸܽ޵˳˳һߣٴʶȥӰ쿪񳵵˾
ǣһ֮£һԼıʶû취뵽˾ʶռ䣬ңԼһűʶ˾ͷϵһķѡ
ǵڶһΣǼҸǳһܡ
Ҳ˵񳵵˾Ȼǳ
һ˲䣬ȻЩϽдıʶ˻ȻСӣڵϣһţСһ¡һɳ˻񳵡
СأΪ޴ĳĳ̶ϵ̥ɳȥԶһգۼһײڰʮ׿⣬·һС档
СʱһɲӴתһգۼ˹·෭·Եĵ
ӣܽ˵ӣҲһ˲֮䣬ת˹·
һ̣ƾϵץỵ̂ԱܵĽϣɳӴ˺ü
㲻ٷʱӡܽѾĽų졣
ѵĴӳ˳ܽ޸ɻ˯ѣԴϵʹԼһ˫ʹҪϵ֣ҧƴȫѾεòӵĳųȻ󣬰Ӹܽ


524 ʱ
ȰҲڵϣԼǰһƬѪ죬Ҳ̱ȥ
ոڻ棬ԼıʶӴǳһɲǣ޷ݡ
˵ǳԼɹܣֻǲϲԼ˵ǳҪүӴƴĲҵ͸ˣֻ԰ܼңҲܹܡ
ڣǳȴԣԼŮŹѩνܣ
Ҳʳأ
Դｬһ㣬ڵϹʮӣѩкţ
Щѵ۾һѩû𻰣ȴֻһ⣺ҪҪѩҪҪѩ
ˡѩЩɢʹѵ˵
Ҳһˣڳӱײ¹·ʱϥҽϥǱײһ£Ҳ˲࣬ѻ˯ѵӸܽˣسӣȻֹæ̧
ʹ˦˦ԴŬԼƽЦһ£˵ôûʲôо
ѩᣬ˵ûоԴ϶ôһӡ
ȥԴٿƣȻƶѪ
ǰЩѪģû뵽һοԼƵѪֻǾЩΣǿ̵סԼιȥ
ųӣֱӽ͵ү˶µľƵѩҪӡܽȥҽԺһ£ñʶһӸܽ˵֪ûʲô󰭣Чʧ֮󣬾ͻѹҪ͵ҽԺĻزĲ˵Ūû֦ܺڡ
ԼҲԴһһĿӣ֪Ƿʱ򱻻ĻǱײģȻ˲ٵѪҲûʲôҪƾҩޣϴһ֮ҩ˿һ顣
˿ڣѾҹĻ٣ӴӿȥһƬƻԻͣûʲô鿴ҹݲݵĳһнͣ漴үӴ˸绰
룬үص˾Ƶ꣬ӵ绰ȥ̸̸
ЩӸܽˣ΢ԥһ£ôչԼѩһȥүӡ
үӵķǵһ㣬λòҲǵķ档
ոյүӵķ䣬û뵽Ŵ򿪣ǳһʵ˳
һǳһ˿Թޣһ˿Թޣֻһǳ漴˵Ҳˣ
ǳʲôҲûӣǿķŭĿǳʵ벻ǰһȻһԼŮܹӺĻɫ
ѩȴǰһ˵֣ʲôʱģ
ǳǵ˵ˣүү̸˰ˣүүİɣ棬һҪ
ǿŭ˵ǹҪ̸飬Ҫߡ
ʲôҰְ֡ѩתͷǳɹʲôԲ飬ǳվԼİְ֣ѩҲԸԼİְֵʰĵز
м飬Ҫүӵ˵
ѩȴһѳǳ˵֣ȥæߵ
ǳһһۣȻתҲƵˡ
ǳıӰѩ˵ʲôôˡ
泳ɡĻû˵꣬ү˵
Ҫ˵ʲôȴѩקţֱӽүӵķ䡣
˷䣬үҲһˣ룬Ҳ⣬ԼһһŴƴĲҵҪǳм֮Ӱܸ⣬κҲܸ˵
ѩְһ裬Ȼү¡
ֻүһۿԴϵǿ齺üͷһ壬ʵô£ôŪˣҪ𣿡
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ûʲô󰭣һƤѣˣүүм飬Ҳ֪ô˵
үȴ˼ȥʲô£˵ˣˣӦȥҽԺúõĿԺʲô֢ǡ
ƽȴ˶Ժ󱲵Ĺذ
лүүģүүһҪ飬Ӧõ㣬
ʱɳƺǳΪ塱ү֮⣬ҲǸѩһЩӡ
Ҫֱӡǳĸ˵ʲôģǹүˡ
ʱүӲ̾һ˵ֱ˵үҲˡ
˵ͷǽүӲԼ˵ĺ⣬Ȼʵ֪ʲôʱģ
ЮӸܽԼҪԼѩ£Ȼ֪˿Ż񳵵˾ǳʼֻԼһ֪ģңԼʱͻȻĻңҲûȥʲôΪ֤ǳ֤ݡ
˵ҲֱܲӾ͸үѩ˵ǳһ쵰ҪӺǣңѩûŹ
үĬĬļһʱ䣺Сʱ֮ǰɣСʱʮӣҼǵãʱ֮пʱ䣬һ֮󣬾һ̸ֱڡôˡ
ȻԴˣôʣүӵľ飬ܲ²Ҫ˵˼ǳĵȷȷСʱ֮ǰġ
үôһ˵һղţԼĿһǳоǳԾǸ񳵵˾
ͺˣԼǻ棬Ӹܽ˾ȳٵϻؾƵ꣬˿ڣͳСʱʱ䣬ǳȴСʱ֮ǰͻˣҲ˵Լȳӡܽˣӷ·ߵǿʱǸ񳵵˾ҲǳѾˣ
ôܣ
ǳͣؿųӣƴĿ񱼻мҲʮʱԲϺšųӴǸطʮӣȻΪܳĵ粣٣ñȽǱϾܳôҲһ١
ǳȴǰʮӣôܣ
ǳɣֻߣǳ
ô
˵ֻĿͬȷпܱŪǣ֮ȷ񳵵˾ǳȴǡǡܱŪġ
ΪǸ˾ǳˣӴģʵĶͷ
ԲĿͬͻᱻġ
Ĭ˰ΣתͷѩǳµǸطĽ·Եô
ѩ΢һȻ֪ôʵĿĺڣҡҡͷ˵֪ӦòУҲȷҪҵӵͼһ飿
á˵ͷ˵¾ͽ㣬̵ʱ֮ڣһʮҾܹ·
ǵ׷ʲô飿үӿǵʵ
һͷԴˣǴʲôʱģүӾܹõˣӦڿʼǳˣǳۣһ㣬үҲ֪ġ
ôʣֻ֪˵Ĳ۵ʲô̶ȡ
ǳٲмҲԼĶӣԼ뷨ǱǼҵ˲ۣҲںһ
Ȼүӵ뷨
ƫƫʱѩһƽԣܿͽһĵӵͼ˳ϸؿһָ֮һ㣬˵ǾµģһûĹ·ͨ


525 Ѻ1
һƽϵĵӵͼѩû˵ʱüͷѵǳĻɣ
ҪȻмĽʮӵʱôͣ
˼⣬ԴֿܣûһֿԼܹ͵ͨ
ǳˣ
м䣬׷ʲô飿ʱүٴʵ
ʰһ˼˵ģǸոձһϮˣϮǵ˵Уһ˸񣬿Ǵ԰ɡ
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ѩĲ֪֪ȴûа֤ݣҲֻ˵֪ˡ
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˵ˣ֪Ǽǿ鱦ά⣬ǶǼ˵ϾǸСĴԣ˵ҪûһүӸͬ
ڷиطǰȥһЩԸϰҲȽϤҵ鱦棬ҵԴȥһԡү̾һ˵
ΣԼҲ벻ǼңڣȻ䵽ҪһëͷСĵزҪǴȥĻñЦ
ã͹ȥ
飬粻˳٣ңڳڣܶҲôһЩ
үӵ˵ͷԸ±ȥȥʲôүȻͲ˵ȥˡ
׵һԼķ䣬һӸܽޣ˶ڻ˯ҲְˣǷġ
ѩȴүҪһڹһػӸܽˣôҪõֵܣܽҲѣҲκβӡ
׵ѩүӡˣų˾Ƶꡣ
·ѩүһǰһˡ
һ·޻ʮ֮˵ү˵Ǹط
һɵúЦطӦҲһ̡Լĵ̲ͬǣ̵ռǳ֮һΧǽĹ·ΧǽͬСɽһķϾԼ౨Ʒ
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үȴ˵ϰ壬ЩϾƷģʵϣȴǸ鱦չ̡
һ㣬⣬µ飬һ鱦һУϾкܶĶǼùģһڻ˵һͬҲһ롣
үӴѩˣ·ģܿҵҪҵˡ
һͷӣȻүӺϤһ棬͡ޡһү˸ӵǰүչ˹ٵ⡣
΢˼䣬үӱܸͷӡ
ͷ飬ޡһȻЦ˵ʩءޣұ޾Ϳˡ
ҲǿĻ
˼䣬ֳ˼ѩƯ漴Цʵǣ²ŵ˵˵ʲô֤Żݵļ۸㣬˭أ𣿡
үָָ˵ޣ컹治Ҫ㣬λ̸̸
ŶЩȣóүӶЩƳ磬ǣͣȴǶʮ궼ɣԱ޶ү֪Ǿ޽е¡
΢Цŵ˵ͷֱֱ˵ұ̸һ⣬ҪһǮѺһ鱦
ôһ˵޸Ǿȣڱ޵ӡ֮У̸Ǯ̸鱦ģͶӦʮϵˣû뵽ôëͷСӣһҲ˵Ļ
˺һ޲Ŷ˵Ǯ鱦桢һѺ
ܹⱣ޵ľȣЦЦһֻ·棬ץһĶݵǰ
Լ̫ᣬܶʱ˵ûţʱֻʵ˵
ڣҪ޽¾ͻỨѺֱܴһñʶԼڿЦ
ȻǸмңһĶϵЦݣү˵


526 Ѻ2
óĶֻһƽǴͺ·Լϣ̾ͷֱֵơ
޲ǸмңǸʵϵˣҵ˵ԣֽôصĶ˳һ˵һһ
Ҳ˵һܴĿͻʵ壬޵Ȼٷϻȥֱӽ˴һװ޺Ǻķ֮ڣʵһж٣
ڴټҪϰ۹ˡ
һĿһֻëͷСӻǿ׵ˣңľҲԲԼ
νԼ۹Σ⵱аŵĶ̫ˣԼܲܳǮҲ֮һ
ҪȿڼǮҵΪˣ𣿡ЦЦҸұ֤һеˣû˱ҸļǮ
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ĬһŮƸļǮȻŮƸļǮԼԤϵĻҪ΢һ֮顣
΢еԥ޸Ͻ˵ǮǸļǮˣ㻹Ҫô
ǰͬƷļ۵ģڼ۸ϣ㾡ɷģǳšŮҲһ˵
ĬƬ̣˵ã΢һȥȡЩ
Ķ˵ټѾǺܶˣ޸Ͻ˵Ҫȥæô
ЦЦˣߵĳһ˾ȥˣ
Щڳģ޼Ǵʧɫ
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޳ԾүѩһүԾǣһ·ûŶȴ˵Щڳ
«ʲôҩ
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ˣһýôһ˵Һñ޸ŮûҪȻǳԾټƽһĶǵöأȻһ˾ý
ѩͲһˣ֪һ˫ף˵ټ¾ټܹɵý


527 Ѻ3
һ˳˴¥˸εĵطرעһ£ǲмͷã浽õķϾʲôģòŵı͵ԣҲûаװ
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үӴ˰Σ˵һ˵ĶúõŰɣǧҪŪˡ
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ۡץץԴգ컯һԼˮԼȷץһѶŽǬȴһֱû⣬û뵽һѣԼȻǴϣƬ
ֻѾϳĲݣŲ˼βЧĶۣȻͬն
Ҳ˵Ƭۣų˲Ĺˡ


528 κ
ү̾һ˵úõİⶫŰɣԺõŵġ
û뵽޾Ȼһץס˵㣬ҪȻɣҸһһڣֻһΣһΡ
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ϰٸ˱һѶѵİ׹ǣΪĽֻѾ泤Ĳݡ
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ʽﵽһĶȣܼĳЩҪװ
˵壬ĳ΢һȥһһӮǮ·ǳʵ
Ͼ˼Ҳǲɵӣ
ܹ֪£ӮѣһʱҲͼΪ׵¶ԼĶĳɱԼˣʱ˼ҵĵϣ˼Ƴˣض͵ŵʴһף
ֻЩЦ˵ҲûǮɡ
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˵һ΢һ˼΢΢һЦȻ˵Ȼˣһֱû뿪ǺǡҲǻڽ϶ô
ҡҡͷһǱ˷šţҪϴּ䶼벻˼ҵİϲȥ߽
˵һԹһ˿ŭ⣬ڼЦԼһ˫ӲзˣȴڽϴԼ
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˶٣Ц˵һܹκϵë


529 ֻΪһɽ
˵ô˴Ħ˺һû˵Ц˼̾һӣΪӵ񾭣ΪûܼʱƣѾʮˣ֪ͬҲйʦƹûЧ
ЦЦҲҫʲôұϾںҲһԣϣҵѲһֻϵˡ
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ƫƫүӴϲĲҲĲ֮飬οǼû䣬ԹҲϾľˮοҲ뽫үǣС
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κ˱˵һ˫ȣҲǰ⿿ɽιһЩ
ǣҪκһ˫ȣд˵֮еҩ˼˵ǲ˳˵Ҳֻ̾һգ˵еĶȥҵõ
֪˵жʮ֢ˣһĹûУ
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˵Сۡ˵ȷʵ֪һЩ룬ܹöʮĶСۡ˵֪ġ
ңһ˵ۣһ˵һ
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˵öĿ˺ðšࡱһһڿˮҪʲô
۾Ǿ䣬ýǮԣ˵õһʱ֮ھ뵽϶ģʲô
ЦЦ˵ǺϵǸľ֣ǾһϵƣܲҲùҪ̸Ļͱ֤ܹڴջܹ֮ȫĳ
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áұ֤ʲô֮£Ҷ԰㰲ȫͻصô
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Ҳ˵Լߵѩ˹ӣˣԼҲᶪ¡
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ϱ˵õĻһˣ˵٣˶࣬ĿҲʹˡ
˵һ˵ͷ˵ҴıһʮĸˣǱߵľ񣬲ǶᱻĳһڶĳϷʲô飬ֻΪӦ֮ãҲûһʱ䣬˫κãǲС
׾ͺáЦЦ
һ̸֮У˵ˣʼնǱƽȵĵλһʮСкӣ̸֮˵õ滹ǵһΡ
˵ţóһƬ׼õۣݵ˵ǰ˵ۣ÷ү˵ÿˮȻ̷һЩ⣬۵ĹЧܻỺһЩҵٽ۵ҩЧٷӳ֪˵˼
ǳľ֣мֻһʱ䣬ĵȴ۵ҩЧӳȷϼѵİ취ΪϾкܶ׼Ҫȥ
˵ýӹۣһȣһȫµĿ
Ϊͷʱһ˵úܣûѱ˵÷ñ˵úŭһ󣬿ڿʵȴһ˿ǵˣΪѣҪģˡ
ңڶԶľֵİźͽԤų˲ܺܵ˵ڲõĽԻΪһӢʽۣӢۣ
ֻǱ˵ţȴӣˮһˮݵ˵ǰ˵˵۵÷͹ЧҶǴүģʲôЧĲ֪ԣ˵ÿ
˵õЦЦ˵鶼ݶˣ˵ҲѾһˣںô˵ˣүҲһ˵ѻˣҲòŶȥǡ
˵ţ˵ýǱˮ˹ȥֽƬ۷Žӡ
˵Ҳ֣Ƭ뱭棬ˮȴûΪ۵Ͷ룬Ǹһ˿һ·ͶģһʵĶң峺úʵĿˮƬ֮󣬱㿪ʼƣƣһģһɫӣǿۣͶˮǿ飬ڻӰ١
ʱһص˵״ζ棬ζأȻţȴ̴ֱľ崿ֻζһӱˬࡣ
˵ÿŲӣס̾۵档
ñ¶ȿˣ˵ŶӣȥɫҺ壬ֻʱ򣬲Ŀˮͱճͬɫһࡣ
һ룬һ󣡡˵
˵õ˵ͷķԸҺյߡ
ۻɵҺ壬˵ֻô֮䣬ʱйɵĿɬǰԹҩζ
ֻƬ֮䣬ֵĿɬڻһǻҲǳһ״ˬԴʱͨ͸
˶ҪƮȻһ㣬ָоǱ˵ôǰûйģ˵üΪˬҪг
ֻȴһվ˵˵˵ҿʼٽ۵ҩЧ񡣡
νġʶͻ˵õڣȥƵЩĵط
飬˹ԹˣȻ㲻ᳵ·죬ҲѾİˡ
ñ˵񣬳ڡŪ֮⣬ҲǷԼıʶڱ˵õռϢ
˳ģʶ͵˱˵ܵ˺Ĳλڱ˵úӽ󼸽ڼ׵ܲĵط
֦ͬһ񾭵УıʶЩм䣬ȭͷһƣڵʱӵըĵط
ͨ΢ĴҲǸλ֫ߣһӾֻһֲˣ˵һȴûнȥһ˫ȣȴɻۣƳǿ֮⣬͵־ҲԿһ


530 淨
ҪģǽЩϵ޸˵ȴӱ˵ųʲôɾҪѵĶˡ
ϾƻһԶȻָҪࡣ
ǰѻ˵һЩʱٴѣҲֻһԣοҲԲһ׵ľˡ
ϵͳҪ޸ȷǲף޸ѪҪѵöࡣ
һȽϷ񾭣ñʶʹ֮ӳȻ޸Ѫܵķ֮һ˼ΣȴֻûʲôãϾ񾭲Ѫܡ
ңе쳣ǣֻһ񾭣ͺȥһıʶ
ȥľʶҲδܽ˵һ޸
ôǲɣţ㽫ʶ˻Ȼһջرʶζôˣջرʶֻʱ뿪ԼԪһҵõƷ
ֻûüջرʶȴͻȻо˵õڣһǿ󣬶ƺԡ
ڱ˵õһתһӿĲλ
оһɲ֮䣬ԼıʶͱǹΧǱ˵÷µ۷ģȻǿ󣬵ȴºͣȻıʶںϣıʶûаܵ˼
ıʶԼʶռεĸоԭЩ͵Ķ˲ࡣ
ڱ˵ĲλסĴܶ󻯳һɹһ壬ȻԶĸϵ񾭽һ𣬶ңγʵ񾭡
׼ȷ˵ʵֱתʵ壬񾭶ͷӵ˼Ϊǿ
ͺһǽ׳˵ƤϣһӣʹκҩҲϣϵĹ̺ͨҪü죬ü¡
۵ȴϹ̵ٶȣ֮ڣܹԶѰҵҪϵĲλܹԶʶҪеĴ
ˮγӦ໥ĵ
һǳḶ́ıʶоḶ́ʵ̲ס̾۵档
ʵ廯ĽȷǳҲʵ廯һ׿̶ȵĳȡ
ٶȣñ˵ȫָǲ⣬ֻʱӳ١
ȴǡǡûиʱԵȴ
Ǽҿ黹һĪչǼڷ⣬ȴܾһԼѾѺ˲ٵҲȡ˶ʮڵʽ𣬵ԶԶ
үӵĻ˵ʮڣֻάȥǮֶ˲٣ҪָյĻԻͣȴֲһأϲ²µģܡ
ԣҪȥŪһǮ
ҪŪôһǮݵķĪڸ˵úȥǸĳϾѾгʮڵʽ
ȻǸðյ뷨ҲΨһġֵһԵĻᡣ
лᣬȻҲԸ
ǲôҪᣬȴû취뿪˵ú˵úȴأΨһܹ޳Щصķñ˵ܹԼݣͲòʹϣ˵ܺܿĺ
ֻǰĿǰٶȣñ˵ȫָ˵ҲҪ죬һѾзʮƣܹʱ֮ȫָѾǸ漣ˣﻹʱɵȡ
ԣо˵õ񾭻ָǻЩ
һʱ֮䣬ıʶȴǰæҲﲻϣԣֻջرʶİ취
ʱ˵ùȻѾͿĨ󣬶еǶǵĸо۵ЧȻֻʱһãоʵñ˵˷ܲѡ
ȴüͷһҲ˲Ӷǡٶȡٶȡܼӿٶȡ
Ψһתͷ²ҺͻȻ뵽Һ溬һԼıʶӦҲһ壬˵Ȼ岻ͬӦܹںתġ
˵Լǳʶ񶷵ʱ򣬲໥תô۵תںϣӦһ
뵽ｫ۴Ǭ˳´÷ԼֱӾȡ
׼ʶԼ´۰ͼֱת
ıʶ˼ΣԼñʶȫ۰Ҳû취뵽۵档
۵ͬһ޴Ŀռ֮Уܸоǿڣȴʼ޷뵽Ǹռ䡣
ãıʶö롣
ջ˱ʶղѣѵԼ͸ԵҲ˵Լû취ȥ˵ÿٵĻظЩ񾭣
ڤ˼ãͻȻ䰵һԼͿʶתΪԼڲ۵۵ԼڣԼ취뵽ʶռ֮Уʲôⶼˡ
뵽Ǻ޲øԼһƣô򵥵⣬ȻԼװ˷ʱ䡣
£ӱ˵վߵ˵ǰʵ˵оôûʲôİɣ
˵üǺЩ͵˵ܺáܺãоʵ̫ˣĺܸл㡭
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˵õԴСһ˵ˣȥ
ˡֻǶԵ˵ˣ˵۵飬ϣ˵Ҫĺãʡ鷳
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˵Ȼʡã£˵˵İ˵ܣ֪
˵ͷǾͺãٹ㣡
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ϵϣ̽ˣȻԪһʶԼڣ˳Ÿ
Լıʶڣһֱû뵽ԼıʶԼ壬ҪΪõʱ̵̫̣Щ޴ĵزһСӣոյõһߣڼ̵ʱ֮ڣȻϲޱȣȴ֪߻ж淨ָôȥ档
Ҫ֪߻ж淨Լȥ棬ǻûһЩʱ䣬ȥȥ֣ȥѭ򽥽
ԣԼıʶӵ壬˵һµ淨
µ淨ȴйġڹ
νڹʵʾʶϢԼĸߣԼľѪͨͣﵽ̱ԪЧ
Ȼͨˣʶ棬Ҳﲻ̶ȣڶֻǣνġ⡱ֻ䡣
˵һոϰɹˣֻܹϢۼϢԲ֮󣬲ܿʼһĽ뾭磬ң뾭绹һĽУȵÿһһγȻСɡ
˵ףΪʶǿ޷조Ϣĸߡ
֮£淨֮ϣѾ߳Ρ


531 
ʶ۳һɺ˳ھӿʣխ͵ĵطֱñʶ컯֮Уȴ˴ͨЧá
徭֮Уطͬխͨй֮УЩطѨѨλϰڹˣҪĿģǳЩѨ谭ﵽ糩ͨת硣
糣˵ģϰڹҪͨζȵ֮˵ҪЩѨλ谭
ͨϰڹ˵ʵ̫ѣҪͨζҪһ徲ĵطչңǱչҲһͻɹ
ȴǶһ辶ñʶǿгЩͨҲϰһӶ޷ƵĽ
ܿ죬ıʶͷţȫеľѨλȫ忪ȴûоԼб˵֡
۵ܵȥˣ
ѵҲĽ뵽Լʶռ䣿ñʶٴλصԼʶռ䣬ֻʱȴ֣ʶռ棬ûʲô仯Ҳ۵
֮£ͻȻоθһ鴤ǲҪŻ¡
ĺǿݣûüȥϴּ䣬жð̲סۡһ˳
³ڶʱ̩˲٣ȥ³ĶʱȻһ
³ĶǱһɫıĤţȭͷСһŽɫ壬Ĥ棬ԼԼԿƺжڲͣ䶯һЩ
ЩģЩ£ҲЩ桪ϾǴԼ³ĶôЩ
ǿŶģʶ۾͸ȥһǺµ˼㡣
һ㱡Ĥ棬Ȼȫ̵ֳֻСߣԼɣˮҧԼһڵһģһҿӿ֮࣬⵱ֲ̫ˡ
ŵòӴϹò׶˶ŻԼһֱһɼΪҵĶأЩԼڵС߸Ĺֻߵ֮ǱԼڣȻҽԺ鲻
ӣЩ߻ողųͲãҪԼΪϣҪԼ̷ۣò˶ãԼͻĪʧ
֮࣬ҲˣûԼҵ۵һЩ۵ѽ뵽ԼڣչЩߵľһԼȻԷ۵ܵʲôطȥˡ
ЩֲĹߣĨһ亹Ҫ̾ͰЩߴ£һϴ׼ЩɫĤŵĹߣֱӷŽϴּˮֱӱ󺣡
һתҲܲף˭֪Щ߻᲻ᱻˮҪͲɾҪˣ꣬пֻصϣµʱȫ϶һƬ˹ƶˡ
һ뵽ʱһ亹Լһ֮䣬ͻ硣
˺üߵķòףЩֱӽ⺦˵ĹյôΪҽ׵İ취
£ȡСΨŪһĤһŹ͵װҺĲ档
һŸոճ͵Ĺװӣģֱӽһ쾵Ӵƣһ鲣ڱϡ
ȻųȥҿԷչߵϡ
һǸѩģʱֲִٲѣûǰһӦþߣʱҪչߣɻóȥ
˽Сʱʱ䣬һӦ߻ոߵԼķſڣûǳײ˸
˾һǳװͰ͵ĵһۣ漴һԲת߿
ǳתԴһ̣ͻȻǳϾȻһ˿Ľɫ
ʲôġүӲڵôֹһ
á漴ְһΪǳһĨɫ۵ɫһģһѵԼʧֽոù˵۶ڷǳѰԼ۵ģ
һ뵽Ͻµһ飬Ǭһ£ãƬ۶ڡ
ԼۣʱǳԴͷϢҲǽɫģȴǲֱӿģԼǳϵĽɫԼһģһһڸʲô
һת֮䣬һ⡭
ţϽͷȥǳһֱ׷Ƶſڣŷǳոӣգ۾㷢ӣ뿪лţǳҲ֮ˣһʧ֮С
⡭һʱ֮䲻֪ҪôźáǳһѰĳֶģɵúܣǰһɫĤŵĹߣʲôϸˣңӦԼҪߵ˷ſڣŸոպȥģоԼŴҴҳ϶һ˿۵Ľɫ
ƲţܻصԼķ䣬һƿţȻͬԼһ㣬Ҳ䶼ˣԼʲôģӵǣңĵһԼװĹ׳棬ҲӰˡ
ԼƲûǳԭҪҵĶǱۣûţȴһ۰ŵĹȥ
֪ôźã֪ҪôźãϾ˼ǳһѩӣô˵ҲԼ
ԺҪѩ֪ô᲻Լ
˰ΣſʼʰӵضǵĶһʰһ뵽ǹƳȻۻЧˣʱлᣬٰװӸһƬ۰ˣڣǱȥѩʡֲڡ
ʰ÷䣬ҲȥƵ귽汨˵Լķ˽ˣһԼûκζ˵ѩӣֽүӶù顣
ǳ飬Ҳͽҹˣȥᣬ˵ʱȡ˵ǱߣԼĸϽ취ں۵ȥһ֮ҪȻʱľ֣ԼͶһǣۡ
»ƬһСƬµۣٴ̷ȥ
˭֪һΣҺŸոս뵽̾͸оֳӯǿ
ԭΪҪƬ̣۵ЧŻᷢӳû뵽Ȼ֮죬ڣ˳ΪԼ°ɡ
о۵ӳٵȥҲǰȥֱӾɳˣٴԪһʶں۵
һΣеú˳ʱ㽫ɢԼѪҺֱ֮ӣﵽʶռ䡣
ñʶһȫסȻһһת
ʼеΪȻͬûκκԮױתԶǳİкɫһʶɱȡ
˾ţ֮˺üСʱʱ䣬ܹתģҲʮ֮һ˸ƣ
ñʶ֪䷨Ǹͱ˶Ҫôģ֮ãԺ󣬲򲻵ѣǲҪñʶĺãʡöͰԼ۵ùͷҪɢƵġ


532 м֮ӣ1
Ȼţ֪ԼòҪ϶һΣȥ˵ã
΢Ϣһһ˵õķ䣬ʱ˵Ե쳣˷ܣȻһ˫Żûа֪Ըо۵Ч
˵úЩҪ˵Щʲôģ΢΢ЦЦֹ˱˵ãֱ˵ҵʱ䲻ˣֻܸϽԡ
˵õ˵ͷָʾ뿪䣬ֻԼڣȻáԼơ
һΣıʶ˳ؾ͵˱˵õ˻֮ıʶܹо۵ƺޣԭϵ񾭣ٶֻ΢ҲΪϵϵñ˵Եĸе۵Ч
һΣıʶҲŲٵһӴЩϵ˵ȻľͲһ׺֮
һ漴ںϣ൱ϵ˵񾭵ЩͻȻ֮һǿĺԮ˲ŷüΪ
ϵϵ񾭵ۿɼٶȣѸ쳤
һ̣ͻȻо˵ôкҲסĲӦΪ񾭵˵ôһЩ벻ĸо
ƫƫһ̣ıʶͻȻоһɾ޴𵴣Լʲô⣬Ҫ̾ջ᱾ʶģһƫƫȴǵҪĹͷ
мӣϵЩϵ񾭵Ϳȫʵ廯ˣҲ˵иӣ˵÷ϵʮһ˫ţͿԻָ
⼸ӣЩԼ֧ȥȻ֪ʱ̶ϵԼıʶΪṩĺԮ᲻ʲôĺȥ
νסͷ͵
ֻʱ򣬱˵淢ܵ˲СĴֻ̼ǲ֪̼Ա˵˵˷ܻǿ־壬ñ˵ڵѪҺ
ԭñ˵ýԼƣͬҲҪģҲñ˵õʶȫԼţԼıʶܹ˳˳˵ϡ
ڣ˵ܵ˴̼ѪҺҲǱ˵õġġѾˣġˣҲǱ˵õʶ
˵üʶıʶܵ˼ţָŵ˺ʮֵľˡ
˵ܵ˳ص˺ȴûλ֫Ҳûֲˣ˵˵Ҳʮ־˵־Ȼ˵޷סԼʶȡ֮ĳڱ˵õڣ˵˵õʶȴռǿơ
˵ʶ໥ţԶȭϣҪգΪʶǾͻᵼϵ๦ʧȥ
ȻûֱӵȭҪࡣ
ʱıʶȻܵ˵õʶţȴκηΪ
ҧ֮£òߵȫγʵ񾭣ıʶŻصԼʶռ䡣
һ۵ò۾ֻƫƫʱȴ˵ôеˡˡ
˵ƺЩң˵һۣȻҲлҵʱЩ
Щ֣ѵ˴̿ͣȻñ˵ûųӡ
΢΢ۣŷ֣ԭԼѾɵڵϣ˵ãȴǴתǶţӱڽˡ
վˡŲסתı˵ã΢΢죬ϲ˵ԼŬûа׷ѡ
˵óһתڿԼ˫ţŻڲ֪䣬ԼѾ˲ٵת
ˡҵĽźˡ˵һ㵣ȴͻȻ˫һͨһڵϡ
ӦǱ˵ٴܵ˴̼ңһΣһûĴ̼
룬һѾ׼һվ߳ȥһĲмͻȻ֮䷢ֲվ֪Ѿ˶ٲ𺳣ֱִ̼ܹɹȥ
˵ھ˹ȥʵԼѾȫָʵ
Ȼ֪˵ڵ̲ס˵ҪҲҵŶ԰㵹ʲôֲǺ
˵ţ̲סˣû뵽һԣȴȳһѪ
ʱڲŴ˽һۿ˵ڵϣŷȴһѪڲ֪ʲô飬һʱ֮䣬޴롣
˵ڵϣһҲȴеǿȾ
ӣ˵ڴ֮лع
̧Լһ˵ûʲô£ǻȿ˵ɡ
ûʲô£˵ڵϣʵ
Цһ£صû£Ǻۣ붯ˡ
˵İϸһ˲붯ʲô
ʲôȥúõ˯һ¡
ҪҪҸŮ㣬˯ıȽϰȡ
ɣҪҸŮң϶Ҫɱҵġ
ǼСλ˵
ǡ˰ԴЦţҪǱ˵ҸŮԼѩɱԼĲ˼Ҳġ
ǿƵģһһţȴסˡ
˺һ˵ò˵ңȥ
ܺã˵㻹ŵľֽͻȻ֮䣬ǿЦȴǺ˵
˵ñڷţ΢΢һ漴ЦЦ˵ǰȶʮ겻ܶˣǺǡ
ڰúñ˵ãŹٳǰ˵һʵû£ȥҽԺô
Цһ£ȥҽԺҲûãԼ飬Լ֪̫ۣϢһ¾ͺá
˵ÿһŵͷطϢ
ʱո𴲣үӱһĹ
Щĵүӣô£үôôˡ
ү̾һ˵쵽ڵĵ飬Ҳŷ֣ǼһҵѾˡ
ţЩԾҪָ⴦ҵ˵ֻҪʮôԼѾ˶ʮ߸ڣ㲻ָֻܻάȥԴ´࣬ôͶء
үЩߵ˵ǳǻ쵰Ҳ֪ʲô⴦ҵٷ֮ʮһĹȨѾ˳ȥĵ֮ǰҪôóʮջǰٷ֮ʮһĹȨҪôʮչ°ٷ֮ʮŵĹȨ
Ƕչٴγһ
ȻùĹȨ֮飬һٷ֮ʮһĹȨֵʮڣһ߰ٷ֮ʮŵĹȨȴֵֻʮڣң޶ĵ֮ǰԵľˣүһòôǮ
ǳǸ쵰үƿڴ⴦ҵżʱ䣬Ȼ䵽ز
ʱҲȥүԼĶӻˣֻʵүү֪ģǿܹյʮڣǱж٣
ԭļƻԼнʮڣүԼô̯ӣô˵ոʮʮڣָ⴦ҵ⣬ҲͲˣԣʮڵֽҲżȥ̽үӵļҵס
ڣһӾͻʮڣͲɵż
үľȻҡҡͷҲ֪Ǽңǳ׻ǳˣҶвҵֽѾܴʽ𣬼Ҳᳬʮڡ


533 м֮ӣ2
ô˵㶯үܹõֽҲ˽ʮڣɵó
˰ΣүӲż˵ҹµġ
үүȻҲϲǼҵˣҪʲô飬ֻҪǰõģֻ˵
ãҾֱ˵ˣ⴦ҵǱסˣǻܵʮڣҴѩѾͷʮΪױʮڣҵһǮµʮڣҸ㡭
İ취үӻ϶ѾˣΪֹһʽ𣬳ԵһǮܱӢۺʱүҲֻܾ⴦ҵ˭ǳǻ˶ء
ҡҡͷүҪ⴦ҵҲö˵Լʮڣ¶ԼҲܡ
ү̾һҿǺӣϲĺ󱲣ʮҸ㣬ѰҼҿľѣӦңҵ
˵ţү̲סһᣬϲʼѾʮˣǳ׵ģûʹһ䣬˵ˣҲûϡ
үӺǲ̣׵Ĳܣүүȴܲܡ
΢΢ЦЦοүүģҸҿиԼҲʮڵĲͷǺǣҲҵҪװʧʮڣүүҾã⴦ҵ飬ǵҲȫûлᡭ
үһ̾ҪаᣬԼԸ
Ҫ˵ʲôģû뵽Ӹ˹һǰһĽԶӾЦʵ磬һöģôլУǺǡүҲڰҸʲôóԵĻ
԰ʦ㿴ɳĮζĿ⣬ϲĿଡ˹ҲüЦģԻȥһˣҲǳԵøˡ
үҡҡͷǿһ˿Ц˵ɣҾ͹㣬ϣܿһҵ顣
˵ţүվ̾һתȥ
һϷŴʳһߺʵүʲô飬ܹ׬Ǯô磬˵˵
Цҡҡͷүڻʲô׬Ǯ飬ٷ֮Ĺɷݲ죬ֱӾͱ˸ɵʮڣ׬Ǯ⵽Ѽȥˡ
ôһ˵̵ɴ۾̵ģﻹǹƽôǼֲûˣֱӸɹȥ͵ˣʮڰ㻨ڹӶϣøǰ˵
Ǽһӻû⴦ҵ˳ʧʮڣҲ۵Ҫɱˡ
̾˿Դ˳ԳԺȺȣ㻹ʲôΪ뷨ûҪĻֻ˳˵
ô죿۲ѵץԴҪѩķϣ磬ǳְһѣ
ڰǼˣ׼˽ʮڵֽ𣬵һһ쵽ȥҺóԵĻȥҺóԵģһЩ飬Ͳ֪
ôӣѿȥֱӽǼɶŵڵأڲǮǮֽ𡣡
˹ӿһһ˵֣̲סʵʦʦ˵ʲô
˹һʣǰһǲǮôǰһλƴֵӰ˵ʮڣһٸڣҲò
ԣָ˹ӽе谡費͵ˡ
ȴԴϿ˹ӿڽǮ˵Ҹ㣬ҪҰǣ˹ӣһҪÿ
ӲǽǮôֲǲһǮҲǶľΣǵǮһ±ˣҲ£ʲôá
ܸ˵ǮЩ˵
Ϊʲôܡ
˵ܾͲܣҪҸ˵Ҳ
ߣصĺһ磬ʲô㲻Ǽңֱ˵˰գȥС˵
ԽԽǼң˹ֻ۾Ϲȥɾʲô
ֻӵĻû˵꣬ѩһǳЦһ߽ݣһЦʵӣʲôҪ˵
ѩո⣬˵ĺļ֡
ѩܽ˽ǰһ
Ůӣǻ磬ѩһһװֻ˼صĶɫȹ˳еĸġ
ܽѩĴ֮£ȴǴһ׵ɫװȥɴ֮󣬼ѩҪֵòټһַ񡢴Ƶļ¶棬˲ľ˷Ƿ֮롣
˺üڿˮ˵С㣬ãмҪ
ӡŭֹ˵ȥ
˭֪һһȴܲ˵Ķѩ˵С㣬Ҹո˵Ǽ׼⴦ҵԭǲ˼ʮڿǮǣǰһλǮЩ˾֮¡
ѩһ㵣ɻĿ֤Ǽ׼⴦ҵϢǷʵ
ֻõ˵ͷôش飬үȻԸѩ˵ʵԼԼȴܲ˵
˵үԹ˵ģѩһ̱ڵϣãԱվŰܽޣһѽѩ§ڻ
ŶȴһԲԭĳЩ˲ϳ̰ͼʮŵٺ١ǼҾôһĳЩ˲Եõʮ𣬶˵˳ǣϱȥֲĳЩ˲ϡߺߣҪҸʦֶﲻֱͨӾǮˡ
ӡѩһȴ˵㲻ҪһֱڰǼңңһ׼ʮڣǣڣүүҪ⴦ҵԭΪҰְ֡
˵ѩ̲ס
ǳүӵӣ⴦ҵľִˣʱ֮ڣͽֵڵĲҵŪزʻ˭ҶǮȥ
˵Ҽʮڣһɽ棬ò꣬Ҳᱻǳܸɸɾ
һӵɴ۾ƵĿжʮڣʲôʱ飬ô֪
ûĴʲô鶼֪ߣ֪Ϊʲô˰ɡ
̵˵ͷ˵òңҲȥǳǼһ˵ʮڣֻмʮӶҲܸȥӻ
һ̬ת֮죬ʵǱȷ鶼
ѩϰӵת䣬ٿһҲǿܡ
ֻӻеʹʮڰ̵ģôǮԼһӣôǮ
Ǽ⴦ҵ飬ô˶֣ΪȱǮ֮⣬ҪȴΪүӵ̬ȣԼǳмҲˡ
ϾܰǼҵĲҵȻǲǮǳӻ飬ȴ˭ҲȥɣûҪȥôɡ
һʱ֮䣬ļȫĬ
ãŲĵʵС㣬̳⴦ҵж󣿡


534 ӲӲ
ѩܹ̳⴦ҵԼ˾Ϳ˳İѩˣڲļʮֽ𣬷ҲмСʱҿ취
Ȼˣ취ܼ򵥣˹ӾһǮǮҪ
ѩã˵ĻܿǼڲһ̳ȨܵʱǼΣ
취ү˵ģҪǻеͨүôûĲӡ
һǶ࣬ɾЩûõģͰô˵İɣѩҪ̳⴦ҵһɵģͻǳϾ⴦ҵڻƿأ˵ˣҪǳع˼ѩǸŮϵЮӸܽ޵ʱ򣬾Ͳֱӳѩǹˡ
ǳԲЩѩȴܲˡ
˵ˣǳ˵ʲôأǡԼأЩ˿ɶм̳ȨˣϾ⴦ҵٿʮڣҲʮڡ
ֻҪѩһҪһ˼̳⴦ҵ»ֲȥǼʮڵ飬Լ̾ͻҳһࡣ
ԣ飬Ȼнԣȴûʵԡ
˰Σѩĵ˵ܲҹȥ
һҲʣ²Сʱˣѩǵү֧ܲŵסҪԼȥ
ѩôһ˵Լһ£Լôû뵽飬ԼִƴĲҵôʧȥ˵үˣˣֳҲδػŵס
Ӷ˵վǷѩҪȥֲүڵ
˹ӼһɫأȻһֱ׷ʲô飬Ҳ󣬰ܽ޸ǲ
ӾƵ굽ֲҲ߷ӵĳ̣ܿ죬һȺ˾͵˷ֲһȺѩͷģӵһεģûʣֱӷС
ѩż˾ֱſڣ룬ʱ̸УſվǼұˣͲý
ѩջһ֮£ҪӲ
ڣǾˣҵһһɫƤһͷˡ
һʱʢ˵ĺȵʲô£ڿᣬʲô
ѩʶˣͦϵģƱ˵¹ɶ֮һ˵үү棬Ҫȥ
СɣԲٹһ㽫ˣûҵ˭ҲܽȥߣҪȻһб
ɫƤʢ˵̬оǲѩֱ׳˵С㲻ˣҲǹһ֮飬һ֮ǰȨȥÿɣ
һֹҽУʲôʲô£ɫƤˣһȻһ⡣
ҽʲôЦеʵ
ڽɫƤ˾˳ھ˵˳漴һŭǹ
öӢѩ˹ӣԼܽ޶̲סһЦΪ𣬱ˣǻá
ֻ˵Ҳҵÿԣһ־ס죬ȵ֪˭ôҡŲ̰㶪ι㡭
˵̷ſңҪȻ˵۸һֻҽеĹ
˻ðɣһᣬֱӽȻӳȥȻбúõʰһ֪ߵغĻƤСк
˭֪һûԼȴ˫һһӹǰҲ֪ʹʲôַڻſվŵıû֡
ǰոո˵ιȻ֪ʲôطһֽţֱվңֽ֪ţԼҪ̫ԣֻ΢һ±ʶһСϵһЩ΢΢һ£ͽŪù˵ϡ
˹ԼǰʱЦӯӯ˵ϴһǹģȻǴ˲С˹һʶɡ
ֻô˵ȴȥϵĽƣȻҪһʡһҫ
Ȼû֣Ӣ˵װףڻǳһԭ˵ıڣԼϰĪĹ£ΪڣȻ׵ķŹ
ԣڣ˹
һҪܣ̰ڿƣһҪôүүһȭ
ӵ֣ıڸɼܣƾһ֮⣬Ҳֻƾһ⣬ǰȥ
ûһȭбڣԼһڶϣֱӵŵŵĵ˺üȻһƨڵϣŶӣе㡭ǡĻ涯ְ
ڵȻĶˣԼϰ嶼˴ùڵϴСˣĶ֣Ժôϰ»췹ԡ
ԣŵ֮һһңٴδ
ĿһۣߵһԼߣұߵȴһȭԼţһ֣ץסһ˵ȭͷ΢΢һʱһµġꡱ˵Ҳڵĺüָǡ
һһϣԭΪὫֱ߷ɳȥû뵽Լʵʵһ䣬ûζһ£ԼоһźߵһӲĸְϡ
һһôҲû뵽ôӲֻһ֮䣬һŽʹֻĽţͻȻǹͷһʹ
ңҲʵʵĸеֻŵĹͷȷˣζһ£ܸоõѵĹͷ໥Ħֿ¡ֲ
һ֮䣬Ϊҵ֮ΪıڣһָѣһŹѡ
ģֻֻѵǸ˶֣ǸϰѾȹѵˣû֡
ʱ˹Ӹܽȥӷ󹾹ӣȻǰҲµԼû£һŶӣһҡͷ˵û£Լȥæ
ѩȴӢԸܽ޸˹úõչӣ߽ǡ
δ䣬һ󼱴ٵĽŲ˹һʱʧɫá磬ǵİˡ쳷
жʮﶼŸֹܡϵ֮ȻɫƤһġ
Ҳֱ˶һţ漴̤ӭǶʮˡ
ѩҲҪǰӭУֻͷҲص˵ҪңչǼ
һֻϽеҪЩڶ֣еϾ˼ҵǹǿŪ˵ġ
ܽȴǸܶû˹Ȼ棬һΪǸ˹ģԼıһûߣ޴ҲֻվһߣĿһɲ֮䣬ʮֱӽΧ
ʱҲûʲôɽֱӸһȺ˸ӲӲ


535 ǳ䣨1
ƣ˵ܽޱŵöѩҲɫɷףӾ͸ҧ촽ŬİŲתˣ˹ȭͷһһµٿ
űߵߵı˶࣬һӵϣ뾡ļѹķռ䣬룬ȦһС˼ˣְŵļһ¶á
ֻȭͷŵģ̽ϹѣģƤһգ֮䣬㲻ϵ˱õȥ
һʱ֮䣬¥棬žžϡﻩѽŶ֮ڶ
иڣŵһһļͷΪһܹ̾һֻ첲Уĸ첲ûУı·žһһڵϣڡ໡һ̶˫ȥʲôҲ˵۾
һڣҲ֪ǼڴǱ㶣ŵĿҲãֱӺһѽסеҴˡҴˡ
Žһϣһʱ˹ȥһһ˫ȴıûзſ
һ£ǰæ֮Уܹÿһʱ֮䣬жʱٻ˲٣üڣ̾ΪǻˣҲǺԥȥ
һʱ֮䣬еıڣһһɳһ㣬Ӷѹȥ˶࣬һգ֮ͶѵСɽƵġ
ʮȫѹϣҪ˵ֻ̾ͻᱻѹ
ѩһһȥѹϵЩˣʱҲ̲סˣҲ˹ȥѩ
ŸոһЩɳһһһľԶһߣ̵һ
ϸ֮£ȻǱ׵
ġҵҶˣ
һߴһ˵
ʽ󶮵ñؾᣬԷֶ࣬ʱʱģϱ˴һȭһƣҲ⡣
ʮ˵УֱӴΣߴƤûл˵Ҳʮˣʣµģȴһ̣˱ʶÿ˵Ҫ񾭡Ѩ֮ģ΢һֽţЩ˱Ҳá
ЩҲ㲻ıڣѩıڣǱǹ֧ģЩŵĶֻǱȽϼª˸ıˣ˼ֱǹˣ;ԲֳôĶ
кüѩʵô
ӺݺһڵϲܶһڣҲʵ磬ôôСġ
Цһ£ǿҡҡͷ̤ߵڵϵǸǰ۱ʶɿ˵ĽȻһ
Ͼǿħһ㿴߶µ˵ҵ¡治ҵ¡
йɷݣʵ
ֱʱӿһƱˣüʶЩ棬ү֮⣬бޡ
үӿһƬǽߵ̾һüͷ˵Ǹɵģ֪𣬾Ҳ޲
ȶֵġѩ
޿ЦЦôˣԴ֮䣬ȣǵۣСӺа
ſˣҲòЦЦԲ𣬱ұֻҪүүģû뵽һȺˡ
޿˿ɪɪˣЦЦ˵˹˰ɣ˵Ǹˣ
ԭ˽˹˹һͻȻ֮һӶӣȻ֡ͨһǰ
Բ˹ǽͰ͵˵Բ𡭡۲ʶ̩ɽ
ЦЦ˵Ҳʲô̩ɽҲ˵ˣһ˲С˹ģ㻹ɡ
˵ţҲȥ˹תͷү˵үүҹе̸̸
ֻĻû˵꣬һʵء˭𣿡
Ȼͳȴǿţתͷ֪ʻˣǱ˵ã
һ󼱴ȴҵĽŲεı˵ãһȺ˴ӵ³ǰ
˵ô˲࣬ʮ߰˸һǸɼܵһȺ˿ɱȣʮ߰˸ϣǹкü϶AK֮Ĵɱ
ôˣʵ
˵ϣһǽߵüͷһ棬һЦ˵ͻȻѪȥȾƣ˵㵽Ҳ˳ôȥȾ𣿡
һӣȾƵģܵĻ࣬Ѿƽˡ
˳ڴϧҪȾƻõһүүе飬ҵõ
˵õ˵ͷ̧̧֣һ˵Ҫ޹ص˴ŵ
һڱһӦһǡ漴ɢһһ飬ߵ֮ĵطȫ
һ̣үվһǼɶʱɫˡ
үӺǸмĿһȴ޿κε̾һһԲתصҡ
үһߣҲ롣
Ҫүӽȥ˵ϣ˵һκҪæĵطܿھǡ
룬˵ͷҪ˵Ҳȥ
˵Ҳ˵תͷվĴ˵ҽȥ
棬һӿôˣʱԵеӵ
Ȼ࣬ȴһҲӣշ˾ЩϢ
үҲˣֱϯѩӡܽޡ˹ӡԼ˵áˣ
үӵˣбޣԺͰվһߡ
һֱôǳʱҲڻ棬һȻûүһλүԶԶأһ۾ͿóһǸ˹һġ
Ƭ̣үӻһܣ˵ǰʮڣǻʲô
ԭֻǹŹ۵ģ룬ްŹۣеƫүӣҪȻүԼǰԼ˵ģҲֻʮˡ
иԴǵݵͷӣҡҡͷ˵̯ӣǹɷݾҪʮڣӪǻҪͶ뽫ʮڣʵϣǵĳɱʹﵽ˰ʮңҪ۵ĻǵĹɷȥˣҲֻҪʮڡ
̬ȣǿǼûˣһӲõóʮڡ
ԱһͷҲֺ˵ǣʮڣûȥϰɣ㹻ʱܵȥһ졣
үһ죬ҪˣֻûôǮҲӲ
Ǹ˹ʱĿһŵ͵͵˵룬ҿٶڣҲˡ
˹Ļû˵꣬ͷӣͷһۣŭ⡣
˹ģǴƻ
˵Ļǻ̽߳ȥ


536 ǳ䣨2
ǳͻȻʵǳһ仰⴦ǼҵĲҵǽİɣΪڣ㻹ӵжķݶ
ǳһʵû뵽ȻҰìͷֱָԼ
Ҫ˵⴦ҵ̶̵ļ֮䣬ս𣬵ھծգǳܹӵеķݶǶ˵ˣһЩݶҲô˼Ҫ˵Ҳ
ͷ˵λǰɣʲô˼Ĺߡִˣ˵ĻǾзЧġ
ͷҲǺǺһЦ˼˵⴦ҵ֮󣬻ָǮɣǺǣɲǵ¡
ˣֱǳʵǳϣܹشҵ⡣
ǳ˿үӣ˺һƬ̣鶯촽һǮҲҪˣ
ǳôһ˵ͷͻȻŭǼҵˣĳŵǼ̳Ȩ㶼ȻӦӵУʲôһǮҲҪˣܵһ˽ȥ
ôһʣͷͻȻ׹˼϶ҪүӵеǳƬҵûм̳Ȩֱӽǳִ˵Ȩ
ҪĻǳԼЩɷݣǲϣ϶չүĹɷ겻ˡ
үӵֻ΢һϢĻᣬ̾ͻᷴҧһڣЩɶˮһա
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ôУǳ׶Ӱ
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һʱ֮䣬᳡һƬ֮
鵽زѩֻվ˵λҵδȫʸ񣬼̳еһС
ѩô˵ͷӵˣ޲ʮֳԾҲһүӵġˡݴȻ˳˳ţҲѾһİգټѩġδݣȻͻ˳١
û뵽ǣѩ˵⻰ʱׯϣԲǰԼһѵʱϾϣѩϰڳүӵȵһЩ
ѩôһ˵ү¶һ˿Ц⣬漴үվֳ˵һҪһ飬ҵƬҵȥΣĿǰҵŮȫӹܣκˣ̳Ȩ
үô˵ֱӶϾǳԼǡԼ˶Ƭҵ죬ʱȫһƬȻ
Ҳ˵˹ԼͷӡͷһǳȥνĹɷݣֻҪһҡͷ̾пܱɡծ񡱡
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ծֻҪծûȨƬҵĺûȨӹƬҵһЩǳ߹ɷݵˣʧǾ޶ֺ죬Ǽʧģ಻ϵķ򵥵ĵ
һʱ֮䣬еĿⶼϡ
Ҳͬ⡭ãǳվ˵Եĵ㡣
үˣһжӹܣ̳Ȩģǳڸֻһˣͬͬ⣬ʵѾأشˡ
ƫƫһ̣ǳϣһƬƣǳ̱ԴʹĴ
ѩʼǳŮһǳΪʹıԴ̲סһ֡漴˹ȥ
ǳİ֮УϵĽɫŨʢǳҲԵԽʹ࣬ԴסҡΣƬ̣Ҳڵϣ
е˶ͻ龪ˣû뵽ʱǳͻȻ˼
ǳ̶İүǲ̣ô˵ǳԼĶӣүλϣһֻ˻ǵᡣ
ѩ˹ȥѣֻøŹȥôѩġδݣҲҪȥմ֡
˵ˣ˿ܲǳƣʹ࣬ͻȴúܣһһԼ³Щ壬ʱ
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һǳ˵⻰еˣѩһǱըһ㣬Ҳزǳ˵ǳԼİְ־Ȼ˵Լǳ
ҡǳٴĴС
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ΨһɣóеһƬۣǳ˵˵ô£ǳ
ǳʹԼҪȥץۣΪʹ࣬ŽӴֲۣȥԼԴڵϲϵĴ
үӻع֮絽ǳǰָŭ˵⵽ô¡
ǳڵϣ￪ʼѪӿֲ
ѩ̣ӣҪȥǳȴейߡ
ߡѩүӾһ𣬲ĺһ
漴Ϲӣ˸ʲôһ֣Ҳǲĺ˺ü
ʱǳſڵϣѾʹòƣʮָͷצһ㣬ذ壬ӲĽӲĵذשץʮѪۡ
һ˫۾϶˵١ˡҲûʲô˵ġһʲô㡭
˵ͷ˵˵ȥұˮ
ǡǡſڵϵǳ˵֡
үӸѩһ𾪺Ǽҵıڡ
үӵļ֮УȷиĸǳܽӽбıڣǸǰʹְˣ˵Ҫؼҷչ
벻ȴһֱǳݣǼ˵Ƥӵ¡
һֱױǳǼұڣһѪһ߿˵ҡȷǼҵıڡҡ͵ǳҵġǸĶӡ
ЩڱҲֻױ͵ǳĶȻױǳڡ䡱ʲôģѩ˵ܹȫ֮⣬˸֪Ļʲô˼
ڣǳݱҴˣүӵ𾪵ðҲ˵
ҪһϢˣϽʵǳءŪȥˣ
һ̣˵֣ʱѪסҲ˵ʱװǳģıڣһ
е˶ǴĿűҲû˵ó
ֻǱһԴϱ˱仯ϵĽɫȥĿҲһһıøǳر


537 
¶ԼݣѩүϳȷǰѾְɵı
Ҳû˵ǳ䣬źҲүӡѩү
ãүӲų˵ˣŪȥ
Ͻ˵үүⱫ棬кܶߣɣš
үӵͷѩصԼλϡ
ߵ֪ģֹܣϿڴøֹܽʬϿڴװá
Ŷү˵ⶫа񣬵취յ֪Ҫˡ
үԼƶ֮Ȼ֪˵飬ͰͣԼලջ١
һȻٲҪ˳ǣ򣬽ԴϵǶͷ֪չ鼺С
ʬ屻յֻʣһЩͷʱϸؿһͰԭΪ˷ֹûոɾĹߣһ֮£ķ֣С棬ȻһһΣûţ
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ֻǽ϶һȡŷ֣ԭһ˫ӣصһ˫ӣԼסµĲʲֻ࣬ǷϢźܴĲ
һ˫ӣ׹죬ǳҲǱЮӸ֮ܽ󣬴ӳµĵص㷵ؾƵ꣬Ȼǻʮӣԭ˫ˡ
ͷӣıȻȥǲϵĶ֪ģһԶսǬʱȥоá
дһ˫ţʧȥ˱ıӻ֮䣬ڴﻯΪҽȴɲҴ⣬ٴϸϸļһ飬ֱȷϹһ©ŷԸæ˽ĹǺռ߹װˣ˵طˡ
ٻصңѾ䣬˹˴ӱȥġɷݡ˵ѾԲϿˡ
Ϊ֮ǰѾ׿ڳϣװǳģǰѾ뿪ǼңҲ˵һﲻǼҰϵҲûУңƻǼˣпܻɱǳ֣ҲǼҵĳˡ
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үӵ˵ѾһУҵŮǼҵˣ˵һУǼҵ˼ǿŰɣ
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⻰Щ˼Ҫ֪ǻǮɷݣԭǴðǳıģһкǳ֣۴ӷϣǵϣҪүӳϹɷݣǸǲܵ¡
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ͷһҧ˵ãǰٷ֮ʮҸֽҲֽ𡣡
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ʱ䲻һڴϣ󣬴˰ͷӵˣҲϣ˵õҲ֮ɢȥ
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ֻ⴦ҵȻ»صǼүȴ˲֮ǰ˵֪ǳʲôطҲûǸط˵֪
үӸ˵˵ˣ⴦ҵԭлױǳıάţһ͵˹
֧ҵǿ붼Ҫ飬һһ˵ֲʱǼһ㣬ֱԼǰһ˴úܲңҪȥϢ˵ţӵˣĶӡ
һֺҲͰˣؼǻǼҿ黹û˵ðһǳ飬ӲİҲǲܡ
ҲƵĻصƵ꣬ѩһüչӣҪԾһգ˵СǣǰıݣͦλģЩһһһ㶵ġ
ѩһۣյôҲˣ
Ц˵С㣬ĳ£Ƕڽʾ֭Ǵҵ˵ʲ£ôܵ棡
¡ѩˣɵŭ


538 ţ1
ҲȢ㡭һһϴּ䣬ѩôУҲϳѩֱţƫƫֲõŰܽ޵ֱ׷ϴּȥ
ǰܽޣȻë֮Ķ󷽷ľҪϴּﴳ
ѩһɵһסܽޣҪʲôϴأȥʲô
ܽ޺ȻЦЦǰΪҲŽȥ
㡭ѩŰܽޣ̲ס˵ǡ
֪δ򣬵Ҳҵˣϴ裬ӦþΡܽ޲ȻȻһֱ׳Ľ˵
ѩһתʱɿŰܽ޵֣ЦЦ˵Ҳãͺúõķһɡ
ܽ޵˵ͷֱŶ롣
ֻǲʱϴּ㴫ɱһĽʲô
֮УһҪλֻʲѵĴϴּ˳һվѩǹǺġ໡һǰ˲ú棬ǱһͷңһңΨְܽ׷Ͻ硱һŹ˸ʵʵ
Ķӣѩ죬񡱵Ц
Цùˣѩǰķţʵ¸˵
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ֻѩȴ治ĵĽеٲҿҪȥˡ
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Ȼõû죬⼸֮УڲͣضԣҪŮŪû˯ȥᳵ·죬ǵָһӼ¡
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ңһԲԲͷģ΢һͬһ㣬ÿΡ
ͷԼԴϣһ˲֮䣬ͷͬ¡һһԼڽԼƤһ㡣
ӣ˿ԼͷģǾ棬Լ촽һĨëܿ￴óͷټ
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ңʱԼʶȥںʶռһ̣һŻ㱻ں˸һɶʱıʶҲȾһɫޱȡ
̲סʶԼQһȦһQǾϲѣûͷ֮ǰԼʶҲЩҪȻÿһζԼ۵ð
ڣоֻá롱
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⵱Ȼʡ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
̾뵽һʡܡ
һܣֻĳһرͬġܡ
еһɲ֮ͱһøӼ򵥡
ָоȻΪܣ
Ҳ֪ԼQ˶ãֱԼ뵽һԼûԡ
ӱϵ˫ӣ
һ˫ӣᵽһζǱǼһüûϴ˰ɣų


539 ţ2
ò˫ȥϴ˺ü飬ֱҲŲζˣŴڽϡ
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һܳԶԶԼ
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ƵʱǵúüԱһĿҪ֪Ŀˣƾ˫ЬӣͲš
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ȴͺ֣˵Լȷ飬ôǰѩͬһԼһоûУ
ֻʱиоҲãûоҲãľѳۡ췹ԼⱲҪչ˺ŮӲǡ
ѩһͨƢǿԼ˵ġδ򡱵ķϣ˴һҲ޺޵ĵһۣҡ
ܽȴڴϣɬѵʵˣҡ
̾һˣܰѰܽ޵£˵ԺǱСˡˣԺҡСߡɡ
̳ܽϲ⣬ʵҪҪԵ
زѣԺôѩܽˣ㻹ȥʲô£ҡҡͷ˵һ˾һȥɡ
ܽ޵˵ͷ˴䣬ʱ㴫ѩ˵͵͵Ц
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۾컨壬һֱѩܽȴҲṳ̂һ
˴аܽ׼ϴƷַźϴˮڵķڣ̵ܽݹһˮһֻѾˢҪϴһܽ׼ˮë㵽΢
ЩϰߣСЩﻹҪ̹
ڣϴҲ̲סˣ˵ܽС㣬ԺЩ¶ԼܸɣͱˣĲϰߣ˵˵ֳҵġҵλӺܲá
ѩһ·û˵Ҫţȥûӣ˭ϡô㣬ʶôӣԺͱٹˡ
ǡܽëЩɡ
ѩȴ˵ûʲôÿǵģЩˣɻʵۣᣬûû˵Ĳʶô
ӣԼͿ¶ѩû
ֻôҲŪףϣԼȷģһ̣վķ֣Լ˯ɳˣǣһȴĪĶš


540 ֻϻ
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̾һҲˣ˸徻ĵطʵӣйǷľ𣿡
ЩԺ֪ʵķ飬ȴظ˵磬¶ʶˣƾӴ꣬˵ϳɾҲһ鱦䣬ʲô飬һǴˣ磬ʵķľ飿
˰Σ˹˹ĴǡǡǷġ
µģӡٺ١һЦ磬Ҫٵоɣ֪սڼ˭ﶼЩ̻ϾصĴ¶԰ɣֵʲôˣֵǴǹֵĴүǶӢۡܣʲôĳû
˶٣ֽ˵ǰһβǾһοҪԣҲֻǸһˣܴȫʤҲͰˣҪԣۻܸͬھֻҪóƣ˵ˣҲ֡
ϲ˵οҷһʱ䣬ٵзϣȻҴͽܣʦģҪǿ˺ܶ࣬Ѿʤƾеٵо飬ӦӣҲѾǴ´ˣǺǡؼóһ֮ϵ
ϲƺ֮ˮģȴûаԼҪģȻЦãǴмһ
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Ҫתȥȴһһʵ磬㷢ûУСܽˣǼʲôƵģǸ洺
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İҲ˵ӺٺٵЦЦ˵㿴Ǳ㲻һֱôҪ֪õң
һǿסӣӣ˵ӣãѩܽԶʲôЦ
˼ֱ˵ԼѾѩܽʵϵķޣֻñȽ޵ĸӰʾѾˡɩӡǰҲûûСЦ
û뵽ƤЦ˵㻹˵ܽ椶ǶϲҪлᣬǸѡ񡭡
˵˵ţһﻹľôһ䣬ʱգΪԼֵܣҲΪܽ޸ԸԼʼղ˼ֱӿڣû뵽һﵱЦˡ
һӾӸϽ˵Ǻǡ磬ҿЦģҪնܽҲǶĲˣٺ٣ôиϼ㹻ˡ
̾һʵûӸһ˵ȥˣԼԭҪӣӵľ⿪Լĸû뵽˵ԶǱۡ
ƫƫʱܽһװˮܽƵģߵǰɬľӲĺһ߱Ȼʵ·Ưһ𡭡ϡϡ
⼸죬ѩһ𣬰ܽ޺Ŭѧ˼򵥵ĺʱҪʵģǴ·һȥĳ᲻ܺʡ
˿ӣһᣬҧܽӵȻڰܽ޶ͷһǣ˵ƯƯ
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վһԵӣٺٵЦЦһ֣ҲȥܽޣҪѧһƯİܽһӵȻǡ
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˵ѩ˵Ҳһ̬ûзѵҲˣʲôԽܣ
ֻʱЦ˵ӣ¶һȴ˰졭
˺һӲŶĲϴǱߣôʱϴرңһҪġ
벻ѩ˵ɰܽӣĲǱȻͲˡ
Ҳ˵ץץԴ˵ǣ磬ôô㡭ô飬ȴֲڡҵģλɩӣǡǡֻϻ
Ҳֻϻڱһ䡣
ѩɫһŭ˵˵˭ˣ˭ϻˣ
ǡɩӡڳ衭ӸϽɤӺһ䣺ֻϻֻϻһֻš䣬һֻԾβͣ
ѩŭҪȥҪȥʰӣȻһߺٺЦţһĶӡ
ʱ˹Ӵһ¹ϣǣ죬˹ӽϵ˸ɸɾϴװģҲ룬ԵúȫûƽĿź
֪ҪԵģÿһ˶ССĲӶҪԺաУԣǰûӸ߰
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һӲѩܽʧ֮
ƱǱһŵģʣһţҲֻ˹ӵˣġӡѩܽûƱ
һʡĿ࣬ҪһȥȰ˵


541 
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Ϊвζĵ˵İȫƶİʩϾζĵ˶ǳЩ˱ļֵǾ޶Ķʣⶼ֮ͽ졣
ԣ˿Ҫũׯ֮ʱȻɭϵͬһӪһ·ϵĸڣԶһɫڵĺ½սӵװ
ҲȥЩں½սװ˽˱ڵսһɫװͨȴ
Χĵ൱ϸ̲飬˵ôˣŽ뵽ũׯ֮ڡ
ũׯ棬䱸ɺɭϣʱм½սװװݵı߹˵񾭶˼㡣
˵áԼ̱˵õǸڣȻǾĳ棬һ·û࿴ЩһۣҲ˵һ仰ֻǾֱũׯȥ
ũׯһռؼΪĲֿ⣬Χͬ䱸ɭϣӣĳӦþֲֿ档
˲ֿ⣬ŷֿ֣棬װ޻ϳˣڴм̨ռزһٸƽ󲿷ֵطȴò豭ϸƸʱƸһȴźصĻǱʲô
ֻ͸ۿһ£ŷ֣Ƹ棬Ȼǫ̃̄
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ʱмŮ̶ġơ֮Ʒ䡣
ӶһһЩһϰһ֮ģҲ˵ʵڣͬ˵֮ϰ壬ʵ࣬һ𣬿Ҳᳬʮ
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ӹű¶Ů͹ģһƷģһ߼Щĺ͡еֵǣЩϰģһֻĬĬķ߶ԺƾƣȻûдһ̵˷ܡ
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ѵΪսǰϦգּЩװݵıڵ壬Щ۾ĳûյƣ
ٿ˵ã˵ȻҲĬĬĺһʿɣȴβסһӮ˵š
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һ֣еϰ嶼ķľƱվؾ۵һһûĻ̿֡
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һԭ˵Ҳֻ˼ҵһ̿ڵĸ˶ѣ
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⻹һ㣬˵õ˵ϰ壬ʲôݣô֮
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ղķ˹ű˵ã˵˵֮ǰһڣ죬ֽǸʮڣôӦŲùŪĿߺߡˣ³֪ġ
˵΢΢һЦȴֱ׳˵˵ҹһˣ˹䣬ղķ˹ǿĳˣ֪ĳϵĹصģֻҪ˼Ǹ£ҲֻǴӴԺڵʱǾٸ˼ҰӶ𣿡
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˵ǵЦЦ֮ԶƱǴǿǿǲֵͶʡ
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ʵ˵ȻǼģԣǰ⻰Ϊ˵˳
⵹ܲζԭֻ˵ǵһ˵֮ҲֻǺϻϵû뵽ǳ˱˵εĹߡ
֮ǰ˵õĺˬԼԼһһ־ʮԪĴֱʣǸм
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ղķ˹֪˵˵Щ飬Ҫʱ˵ã˵Ц˵֪һУϽܿˣϽܿǰŪǷǵǸˣǾĲҪȡҵλðɣǺǡΪܹʤΣλãҵȻԹá
Ǳ˵ΪߵǸԵףҪܹԼλãõȥԵף
áղķ˹һ˵飬ҷŵȵһߴŰɣһ
˵֮һЩԭǸиҵһЩͷҲбֻǧģҲʮڵģҲдﵽ˵ʮڡ
һͷӡһŮˣΪĿ©ٳֱӱȫװıڸ˳ȥ
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ղķ˹һߣ̾˸߲ҵվеһǹˣĸʹ졭
ǿˣЩˣ֮ԻģȫǸոԵ˸أڻţ֮࣬ȻҪúõķһ£ʱ򣬶Щ˵ʵ̼ķʽĪڶĲ
˵ֻҪԼãոϽɵЩǮû׼ͻԼӮ


542 ֻС׬һ
ҲһֻҪģԼ׬˹ǮҲЩûϵˣ˭˭䵽ʲôزûҪϡ
˹Ҳ¶ϲɫܹЩǶϼ䣬ӮǶǼΪѵõĴ̼
ֻǶľֲſʼû֣ܳȴղķ˹˶
˵޿κεҡҡͷһϽܿҪԼȻٲҪԴ
ղķ˹ȴûҪ˹һȥ˼ʱ˹һҲѾȫ˶ľϣղķ˹ߣ˹Ҳֻ˵һ䡰Сġ漴Ŀת
ҲϽ֮ܿУרŷ̱˵õǸڣղķ˹Ҳûȥ˵õΣֱһȫװıڽ֡
ղķ˹Ĵ£ŴӲų˲ֿ⣬ֿⲻԶĵطжµľݣľΧıڣĵط࣬װϽܿҪⶰµľ˵úˡ
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ֻ棬ûһˣǡǡΪûˣշԵúѹ֡
ֱʱ˵õ¶һ˿ţ˵ҲЩܿҡǱ˵ãŦԼͧϿĳı˵á
˵˵꣬ľȴûаӦ
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˵ʹ֮ȴûаӦɵýӣ֪һңǸϽܿһǾֶΡ
ֻԼ͸ۣϸϸĽСľݿһ飬ȴûϽܿ˵ӰҲ˵ⶰľ¥ʵһ¥ؼ豸ûеһ¥
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һϣһӣװһȣð¶ãĸӣȴûרΪ˵ø׼ġ
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˵ÿ죬ֻ̾һƵǰĿȣ΢΢ĺһڡ
ӣҲһ£Ⱥ㣬ǹɿζȴʵ̫ŨȵĿȻҪϼ֡
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֪ûˣûмأһЩçײһЩô˵ˣԼȷȲζ̫Ŀȣ˰ãҲ޿ɺǡ
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һ֮£ٴ͸ۼһľ¥ذ涼ûŹȻԾǣԼĵȷȷûⶰľ¥ʲôطˣңղŵȻҲ²ʲôط
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ϽܿҪղķ˹ѱ˵úԼĿȴֻΪҪԼңǳԼϵġܡġ
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Ҫһ㣬Ȼ񻰴˵츳ԼѶȵѵ
˵ĿȻ˵Ȼˡ
˵û˯ȥȴǰȵԭ򣬿֮Уҩ˵ͷ˿ܣȴ˵룬ǸϵĿֻԼп뿴Լǲ֪ܡ
ЩҩκãԱ˵˵ȴǲ֪˵
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ǺǡЦں»вҸ㣬ֻҪƾԼĶС׬һʶѣϣǧҪжϴ󣬷Ƕ˵ֻǲ죬˵һѡ
˵ܿ񣬵ʵû뵽̶ȣߺߣˣ֪ߵغ񣬿һЩͷԳԣǲ֪


543 
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ⶰС棬豸豸Ŀ̨ǰһϺϵİͷǸϽܿˡ
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״ֻһǾԼ⵽˲СĴΪ־йġ
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˸Ͻܿͨ껰ٴζ˵ܿԸˣʲôķҪܴܿԶһ档
ЦЦô򵥣
һЦűߵ辰ժһ֦ӵդϣդ̱ŷžһը죬Ǹ֦ʱһŻ棬ڵϡ
ӵդȻͨ˵ģҵѹߡ
֣ЦڻΪܼôɣͨ˵ģң컨͵涼ĸְ壬ҪܳܿȻҲû취Ϊ㡣
ءЦЦ¶Ǹְ壬դͨ˵磬ôûң
˿һȻȥشôɵ⣬һӣߣ۾һգգĿ
ﻹͦȫģǺǡ˯һ˵˵ţǿŵһȻһ˯
Ȼ֪ô˯ȥװģ취ԻԼԣ˸۾һգҲգĿ
۾һգգĿȫװıڣҲָǹϣ춯ܿǹ̾ͻᳯ
ﰵЦЦǰƵȷðһ麹ڣ⼸˾Լ֮䣬Ӧ˵ȫͬ裬ԼҪסǣ˵Ѵ֮
ȴǽȫסʱھȫסǣܿ̾ͻϽܿ˵ĻɣҲͻ¶ˡ
ԣܣֳɣ֪˵ֱ֮У΢΢עһЩЩǱ˵ֱϣһʱ죬ǱֱϵֱܱϵѨһ֮£۶ǹ
ֻһգ֮飬ңǸ˶ûڸǺ֪
£ķȻһļƻ
һƻʵܼ򵥣ǡ
ͨ˸ѹԼĸְ壬ȥ˼סϽܿˣһеȫӭж⡣
ʶٴӰεĴ뵽ʸŵĶСݡ
û뵽ǣǰϽܿˣʱȻû棬֪ˣǹڶܡ
еʧ£ʶⶫСݵĸѰһ飬СܶһˣȴûϽܿ˵ӰԶľ룬ıʶȴִﲻǸΧ
ԿףǷϽܿҲϽܿˣô
֮£ջرʶ̾һѰ˼ϽܿҲ֪ȥʲôطҪȻֻðƴһѡ
ֱӷŵԼˣȻ취ȥ취
뵽ܣȥ⶯դһ֮£ٴγһ
ڰ⶯դ֮ʱԼĵر죬ֻǽդŪΣԼȴ˽һ롣
ǼҪ顪סѾװݵıڣƤ棬ŪԼҲᱻĵһɶ
ʱô죿ԼϵܱĸɾҲʧȥ˽ݵİ취һгͻԼģ²Ǽʮֻǹٷӵ
˵мʮֻǹٷӵȫԼҲж຦£ҲĲµȴǻڳ˯ı˵á
ҪӲӲĻԼаֱӴȥӵۣ˱˵ãʼվԼĲˡ
һñʶٴȥǶαװõСϽܿɲڡ
һЩͻȻ𣬵ʱϽܿ˰һťȻԼıʶžһҲ˵Ͻܿ˷סԼƾŵľǸťǸťǴԿ׺Ϳء
ֻİť࣬˵ҲаʮԼʱûرȥעϽܿ˵װµĸť
ֻǿǵãʱϽܿϣӦְ˵Ǹء
ˣֻ«ưһģȥϽܿߵЩť
ߵİťǲ٣˵Ҳʮ֮İťҲŪİťһ
Ҳôʮťôһİȥ֪ˣ
ôţıʶһܣߵЩť²˸ͼȽϽӽİťܰȥ
һͻȻ͸ойϢϸһϢ棬ȻңӦöԼǶСľ¥
Ҳ˵ťӦþܡõǶСľ¥ˡ


544 淴
ְ˼ťҲ֪ЩťǿʲôģСоʲôرı仯
ཫµİť֮һʱıʶоһ΢Ĳǰסʱ򣬸оࡣ
Ѿҵ˿ǸťˣıʶϽع
΢Ƭ̣۾ǣڵΣŷ֣ʵû򿪣Ǳ˵˹˵ҡԼء
ôˣ˵澪֣һһ߿סԼ˵ӡ
ݱ˵֪ⶰľ¥ˣͲʲô³ƫƫԼͱ˽ңôִĸֽ棬³¶ˡ
΢΢һЦ˵ոմ˸ôܺ£
һֱǸˣЦЦ˵㲻˵ܼ򵥵ôߺߣ
ҪҳתͷЦЦʵ
ЦЦ˵˸һܿ߹ңʮ֮ڣ㻹ܳɹӳĻͿ㿪ǹˣ˼ʣ²ʮˡߺߡ
㡭һԼǹԼǸĵģȻһֱ񣬵ԼҪסǣҲһգۼ¡
Ծǣ˵Լֻ̬ЩһȻϽܿԼʮʱ䣬һֱӵֻʣʮŸԼ
ΪԼ˵һ˾Ȼɱġ
һ뵽һӹҪԼûܣ޷סڣʮ֮ԼҪúѿԩģ
һŭ֮£վŭˣƾôңҶŹġ
ֻǿʱ˵жʮ룬ʮšʮˡʮߡ
ʮʱ΢΢һЦ˵׼
һ㣬һ˵ǹ׼
˵üһվҪһܶӵ壬ǣ棬ҲͲʮƽļҾ߳һֻ輸ǼɳҪסӵǲܵġ
ֻǱ˵֪ЩܵסӵɻƷһɳһһ˫ֱԴֻһ㣬ɳ档
˵þʧ룬ȴǴŭ̴߶ܣǰǱֱܣ˲䱬
ڱ̾Ҫ۶ǹģһ˲䣬ڵֱͻȻһǹղסˣǹֱ´ڵָһҲȫʧأŵذ壬ƹƹžžһɨ䡣
ǹ֮һãȻôһһͷʱһҽС
Ҳ֪ôģڵĽţԼǹӵ˸ϡãһСȶûˣ
ҲǴһҪڴУû뵽Ŀ֪ʲôطóһӣһ̧ڸֽ档
ûʲô죬ֽӵդʱѣ类һ޸һ㡣
ıʶǰںǶСĿ̨һҰصĵԴʹֽʧȥ˸ѹ磬ԣĹЩֽ棬ûǰǸ辰֦һѹճһŻ档
ٴһǸӣϵ˵ĸֽʱ䵽ϣһ죬Ҳ¶һƶ
ʲôϵĸѹءôġ˽ֻ뵽ʶȫģ˹ȥ
˻˹ȥȻǱԴһǣûùӣõǰƣһƾͰ˹ȥ
˲ʲôˣҲȥɱһƣԺʲôǵãͲˡ
ˣͬڣÿһ˶һơ
Ȼе޹֪Ķ̫ˣʲôǵãЩô
ȻһǹЩڣƺûõʲôָһֱû⵹ʡ˲ٵġ
˺ڣûıڽתͷȥֻ˵ûƨɶɳ档
Цһ£ӣߵ˵ǰ˵˵߰ɡ
˵Դɪɪ˺ðΣŽͰ͵ʵҡҡû
ЦЦûУҹ鱻Ūˣ뻹Ҫøճ
ɣ˵սս̧ͷȥԼǸˣû뵽ȿȴǸ󶴡
㡭ôŪģ˵ò˼ĿҪϲ豭ϸĸֽŪϣҲҪһӣοʲô˵һˣȫڵϣô¡
˵ЩڣԼڼһۣͷȻôĶûȥ
ֻЦЦԼǹϵİɣ֪ǼŪιȥǾǺܼ򵥵ˡ
ȻǺ˵˵ˣ˵ҲţӵҲôʱ֮ڽ豭ϸĸֽϣοЩӵ˵ģԵ޹ʵĻֽŻţ
˵һ˵õŲɣۿģԼǸıڣͱһŪ˰׳ա
˵ðŰɣ¶һ㰮Ųšı飬漴ʵһ£ͱѣô
˵ŬԼ΢˵ûѲȥͱҲãԼǻҲãԼѲ˸ϵ
飬ֻ㵽ĺǣҲᱻϽܿһȻһһĶ飬Ȼȥι
ҪԼιΨһİ취ȽϽܿ˶ȥι
˵õȷҲһۣ΢һ˼˵ɵϽܿˣҪȻǶк³
ȻҲôģҡҡͷ˵ܹסҲͲˣɵ¡
˵һߣһ˵֪֪ǼֿЩˣңÿһ˶ޱȣ˸˹񣬵ʵһֱϽܿѹȵ̧ͷ
ӣ˵̾һϽܿƼϲĺЩˣӴıѡ
һ㣬ۿģñ˵ϸ˵Ҳ֪ϽܿǺڵϵĴУڲ֪
ʵÿһﶼϽܿ˺޵ֱҲﰵﷴϽܿ˵ѹȵģǣ˶ֻǲȡ̬ȣԣЩϽܿ˵˶úܲҡ
Сľ¥˵վڲݵϣһ˵
Ʋţ˵飬еףôĸţϽܿ˿ţôôף
˵ÿЦ̾һʵЩˣõЩƸҲ·ҪȻҲûҪϽܿˡ
·һҲ˵
˵ٴοЦһ£鶼ϣҲˣ򵥵˵ɣǵĲƸ˵ˣҲϽܿĸȥӹܴģñ˵үӵĲҵɣΪԼһһŴƴģϽܿ˾û취ѹǡ
׹˵ףʵ˵øϽܿԭһģǵڣ˵Щ˴Ͻܿõ˾޶ƸȴַϽܿ˵ѹȡ
õϵһ仰˵ǣ淴ף


545 ȡ
˵Щ˸ϽܿǲһҲȥܣ鵽ز۱˵ǻ᲻ŹϽܿˣҲҪϽܿ˺úõۡ
һ˵öö˵ʲôֱʵ֪Ͻܿһʲôط
ϽܿѾľ¥ǶС棬ԣֻʱ˵ãϽܿôʱ֮ڣᵽʲôطȥ
벻ǣ˵һֿһҡԴ˵ϽܿǸǳصˣڣҲֻǼһΣңûĿҪҵµҪȥղķ˹ųɡ
ղķ˹ӽϽܿ˵ˣҵ˳ϣȻݵ·
ԭľ¥ΧЩڣҲûӵϽܿ˵ָԣϽܿ˴ҡڵ˳ȥҲû
ʱ򣬲ֿ棬˹ӸˣѾӮ˲٣⻹һӮң١
ľһʼپ͸ϰһԷׯңһСʱƾŸ߳Ķͨ˺üѣܼҲӮ˺üڡ
˹ӸˣȻǼʹ棬ռٵıˣôҲӮּǧ
˵˽һʼûôע⣬ϾǱϽܿȥˣϽܿȥҲȫһȥصģ˵ȥҲûʲôֵˡ
漴˾ķ֣ȥʱ򣬱˵ιȥģڣ˵þȻԼŻģ
ѾϽʮı˵ãŻˡ
üĿĿű˵ãׯҵٶɫ䣬ô
ʿˣֻתͷ΢һ˵ˣǵʺһ䣺ʦ󡭡˵ϰ塭ǻˡ󡭡󡭡
΢΢˵ͷҲȥֱʴղķ˹ûУ
۾һ¶ŻͷŶոջأףôûأ
һѽ˹˵ƻı䣬ٶˣǻиҪҪ
ô£ʲôҪ飿ЩĿյĿľҪúõĶһ̣ʲôҪ飿
˵˵ҪϽܿ˻ٹһҪǰ׼
ҪϽܿ˻飬ҲֱӾͽǣֻܸ˵˵Ҫ׼
һЩʧ񣬹˰˵ҪˣҲá
ƽҲϽܿѹȱ˵õ˵һЩ飬ԣ˵̾ҪɣȻЩ𾪣ȴеʮֵ⣬ֻû뵽ʱ¿ɶѡ
ڻعһ۱˵ãһָŲֿĲţ˵ղķ˹ոմųȥˡ
תͷ˵ʾһ£ֿĲţ˵ý󣬴ű˵õıӰֺǲĵĿһ۶ڱ˵
ͷֿ߽һ棬ŷ֣һҲֿߣһߵߵ棬кüȫװıڡ
˵õ˽̾ǹ׼ʵʲôġ
ʱҸǿֱӾͶܣ֪עڵֱ֮ڣüһ˲֮䣬ǹڶĴָԼȽš
һȷӦٴξǹҪ׼һ˫ȴ粻ԼģԼָӡ
Ϯڴ
ϧǣڵԼоһϮ΢ţԼ
ֻʼûŪףԼô⵽˵ģ⵽ʲôİ㣬ôԵĸоûУʧȥ˿
ʱ˵ô̤Ҳûȥ⼸ôûֻÿ˵Դ϶һȭֱӽ⼸ڴȥ
ͨͷһƤţո߽ƤžȻԶ򿪣ȻһƬ۵ĵƹ⣬
Ȼֻ̧ס۾һ̣һ˵ϧȴһ¡
ϽܿˣϽ֣ŬӦǿҵĵƹ⡣
۵ĵƹ֮УҲֻǿƹһӰҲֻƾ֪˵ϽܿˣϽܿ˵ľĿȴͬҲ
ֻȻˣҲûʲô˵һ߰۾ܿ۵ĵƹ⣬һʮֿ켲ĿϽܿˡ
Ͻܿ˴еǸӳϽҸطܵǲ֪ô
˵ҴҲã֪ôҲգ˵Կѡһգۼ䣬͵Ͻܿ˲Զĵط
ʱڿϽܿ˵ĿνġϽܿˡȻղķ˹
ͬʱҲע⵽һ㣬νϽܿˡǴղķ˹˵ģղķ˹죬ȴ˵һ䣺ȻҪͱҲ
仰ĵȷȷǴղķ˹Ϸģղķ˹ĵȷȷûһ촽
úŽı˵á˴һϽܿ˶ʲôط
һɲ֮ȴ׹ղķ˹ᴫ˵֮еġ֮Ҳһɲ֮䣬ǰͻȻһɫĻղķ˹
⡭ںһ
Ļȷһߵļ⣬һţҪ˵ǰ̤ϰ벽¾ǺǹĴҲղķ˹ް취
΢΢һ漴ˣղķ˹Ȼü⽫ԼȫпŪһӣԼס
ֻһ߼ˣһ߽Լܷӵ£һ˲֮䴩Ļһܹעղķ˹ڡ
ղķ˹˼ĻҪж·һ˲֮䣬ղķ˹һȫסˣܶ˵תһ¶
˻ص˵ߣ΢һ˵˵νϽܿˣȫղķ˹ڸ
ղķ˹ڸ˵ø˾ǲʵ
ղķ˹Ҳܲˣ΢΢һЦϾ˵ҹƵûϽܿһǱղķ˹ˣȻԼðϽܿˡ
ôܡ˵ôʧɫԼϽܿ˵ôᱻղķ˹ˡ
ܼ򵥡ղķ˹ḹ֮νϽܿ˵ղķ˹ø˵ġ
˵ò˼Ŀ
ʱղķ˹۾ܿƫƫһҲܶһԼĻأԴϵĺˮʱһưˮһ㣬ֱ䡣
ЦЦ˵ǲʵò˶þ֤ʵΨһҪģǹر⣬ȻȥֱԼ
˵ҧ΢һ˼˵˵ʵĻ⽫ŦԼһ춯صĴ£ֻ¡ֻ¡ʱ򣬻ᡭ췭ظ¿¡»ƻ
ű˵ãûɵһ˵⻰Ȼû˵ףҲµ˱˵õ˼
ȻϽܿѾʧղķ˹ܹðϽܿˣϽܿеȡ߰ġѡ˵Ϊʲôܣ
˵õƻ޷Ҳȡղķ˹˵ԼϽܿˡ
һ˲֮䣬תͷ˺һ˵ҿ԰㣬ǴӽԺǼǱߵ⣬㲻Ⱦָ⡭
⡭˵ò˵꣬˵Ҽ󣬻ϵͶʣѾղˣУҲûջͶʣʧʮڡ
һ˵ȫİæңҪȫȡղķ˹кܶ鶼ҪȥοҲʼ˵
Щ˵Ȼ˵ֻҪԼȡղķ˹ʮڣѾ㲻Ǯ⣬һǷ½ʮڣǱ˵֪ģԣ˵ٸʮڡ


546 ǸյѨ
̾һղķ˹Ͻܿ˵ݶԼһٸڣû뵽˵ȥҲֻǸԼʮڣ
õǣ˵ˣ֪ԼǼҵĹϵȻûֱ˵ȥȾָǼҵ⣬˼ҲͰ
ܵ˵˵öáϽܿˡλãλҪá
ˣ˵ͷҪѯʽô죬Ȼ䷢һӰղķ˹ӰżΪԵǾⷢ˳ԾǸ˱ڡ
˱ԵЩֻʣȻףһӦҪȥıʾ
ҪʼʩܽҪʾĺ˱ڿסֻһж֮죬࣬һգۼ䣬㵽Χ֮⡣
˵ȻҲǿǸ˱ڵӰҲµ˱Ҫȥıڸ澯˵̶˵ɵ
һ˱ڸ澯ɹıڣʱ»һǹսԱ˵ȡղķ˹λȻŲɹ谭
Ҳױ˵õ˼µ˵ͷֻ˵һ䣺㴦Ľҡ
˵գһԭ·˻ȥ
ҪǿдǽϴȥҲڴգȻҲùݾףųȥֻҪԼ΢ӰѾܹ׷Ǹ˱ڣҽŵҲûҪǿдǽ
˲ֿ⣬½˫ӵ΢һ׷Ǹ˱ڡ
ʱǸ˱ڸǱͷһ˵˼䣬ǱͷһͨѶԸĸıѸԮ
ֻǻû˵һ룬ͷͻȻֻǰһžͿһЦеĿԼ
ǱͷʶҲֻȻͻ˹ȥ
վڱͷߵǸ˱ڴһ֪Ǳ˻ǼѪԣȻһ֣Ĳһƿ
ֻ˱ڵĶ죬һȴɿ˸գһƿ˸գһֱۣȻҲղ
˱ڻûӦ˶ʱһƿ˵ƣǱʯһ㣬վһҲܶˡ
˱Ψһܶģֻ˼άҲֻţõʲôħôħ
ЦЦһָ˱ڵĶͷһ˱ڱһɽһȻء
֮ȴɱųƿ˵ƣֻ˵ϣǸƣδԵЩЦˡ
ǸͷԼ˱ڵأʱС¥ΧЩڵע⣬̣һӵͬʱ˴
Щڲ̫Զο鵽ϣҲҴ⣬Լޱȣ֮䣬ѾǸȵıͷ
ȷ˵ǸıͷڵĺδϣۿһӰͷһ̧ǹܣźӰҪ۶ֻͻȻ֮䣬ȴĪûˡͨһڵϡ
ıڣȻ̵תǹڣ׼ȴһҲǣһգ֮䣬ߵļֱӷŵڵء
ıڣǱȫסǱֱιȥ
ʱ䣬ٴλصǸڵϵĺ˱ߣӣź˱΢΢һЦ¶һڰݣ˵ҪôңҪôԶӦң͵ͷӦҡͷ
˵ţں˱ڵԴһ
һҲװģԼĶڽ⿪˱ڵѨѣʵϣԼעں˱ջһЩ
ȻջܣҲֻǿ˱Դǲ֣˱ϵܣȻǲ̾ջġ
Ǻ˱Ȼ֪ıסͬͬ۾ܿĻҲȻͦװףͻȻ֮оԼԴܶɵͷ
⵱ȻǴӦ˼
̰˱ȻҲ⣬οǰĶ˻áħӦΣ
˱һ˲֮ͱԼЦЦʵıһж٣
⴦ũׯ濴ٵװڣжˣҲ֪Ҫ֪ڵЧ;Ȼ˱ڡ
˱һҡҡͷʾҲ֪
ź˱ڵ۾ɭɭһЦ˵ǰɣȥ˺ˣֻһˡ
Ǻ˱ھ֣¶ɫĲֻ֪Ǹղķ˹İȫıڶղķ˹ŵģ治֪
Цţվ߾иžıͷǸֱӣ
治ˣ˱ڴ֪һҪ飬Źңǽ
תͷЦЦҲûʲôҪ鰡㽻ʲô
˱ڶ˵֪Ǽ˵ǷǳҪ飬ǹǳ¡
ֵһǳ飬Լ˵ȷҪ˰˵顣
ã˵飬Ҿ;Ϊ㣡һ֮˵
㡭ħ˱˵
Ǻǡⲻħй򣬵ѨĵĽ˵
Ѩ˱ЩãȻΪڣû˵йǵѨ֮Ĺ򣬵Լ˲ʧȥս봫˵֮еġѨֱ֮𣬺˱Ȼ֪һ֣ѾԽͨĵѨ౶ȻǵѨ֮
һ֣ǵѨʲôģֻǵЦЦ˵Ѩ˲ͬǸյѨǺǡ˵ɣ˵˵ǳ飡
˱̾һֹһ˵ǸǳѾˣ
һæʵô£ôģ
˱룬˵ԭҲ֪ô£ǵ֪ǳǱðʱҲ֪ǳѾʧˡ
ô£˵Ȳʵ
Ƚ⿪ҵѨ˱ڼЩʧ̲ʧʱҪȽԼĽ˵
û룬̽˱ϵȫ˻Ȼʵ˵ô£
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ɱǳ飬ԭҲЩ׼ģ׶˱˵ﻹһҡ
ԭǳıˡ
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Ļ˱˵õ˼˵ûع΢һ˵ҪЩڣղķ˹ˣղķ˹ڡ
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˵΢һתͷԴ˵һĽ
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˵ܼ˵
ŲˣұҪֹһʱϣܰҳƷˡ
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ȥģҲֱû˾޶棬òųܵõ޶ĻᣬһҲûϼεİ
һţкҪҪҲֻʱ͡
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ձ˵õ˼һʱڲֱ֪֣֮ӽʹֱҲǵѨǲ˵ܽй¶ȥ
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548 
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鵽˵ȫձ˵õԸ˳˳ĽϽܿˡȫӹֻܹǶոյı֣˵õʵܵ˲СӰ죬ҪǼɵġѨʵ˵ü̲סҪ
ƫƫʱǰ˵ϲ˵һһҪ鷳˵Ǹ˱ڣҴӦģҪһ·ϣ˵ܸӡ
˵öĬã˵ӣҵȻҪģҲ֪Ҹոս飬ϸϵ鶼ҪǺǡˣǰӦ飬Ҳ֮һ
˵õһģı֣˵ȥתʮֽλϡ
Ǳ΢΢һ漴˵˵ͷֻֽвʮڡ
˵õһЦתתжת٣ģһᲹϡ
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ʱǱڱȥʾ׳ɹҳ棬ҲǶ˱˵õĳŵ
ֻ΢Ǹҳ棬漴ЦЦԱ˵˵˵кܶҪҲüţǺǡ
˵ЦЦ˻֣˵ӭпյʱҵĶĴȥȾƣǺǣҿɲȥĲǵҵףɾסӮ
ˣȷֵߵģǱ˵ȴһԹ˲Ƶĵν񾡡أ߹롣
ܹ˶ġϽܿˡɵƵҪƵԼҲһ֮飬ˣҲܲչ鼺ãֻԼߣҲǸʱըԣѣӴԶԼλϣҲóһЩ
ģʵԶĲҲûʲôȤǺǡЦЦ˵˵ҴӦǼ飬һϣ˵Ҽӣ
Ӧ˱ڣԷһʳԣ˱ںղķ˹ڶкܶ˵ýڻûȫ֮ǰҲֱӽߡ
ԣֻܵȽ֮ñ˵ٷһ
˵΢΢üͷȴЦ˵㶼Ҫ˵ˣڻЩʱ䣬ȥ漸ѣʱ㡣
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ѩ˵㻹С㣿
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οͲϲ
һ̺˵ûеͿ˼룬ʲôݣһȳӣôӽܳŵƬ⣿
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549 ʲô鷳
ү˵꣬˵⴦ҵļ̳ȨѾҵʦҲ˵ʲô
үӣҲ˵壬ҪʲôģҲı㣬Ҫǣνļ̳Ȩֻǵʱǵѵʱ򣬶ʹõһֶΣҴûҪʲô̳ȨûҪӹôһ⣬үʹˣϣ㲻ҪֵĴ̼
˵òôʵģȻҪ⴦ҵļ̳Ȩ㻹ʲô
ѩѾ˵үӣ̧ۣ˵壬㣬ʲôҪٴ̼үү𡭡
ӱһүүҰְ֣ô飬ô
үһѪһ૵˵֪֪һ˵̳ȨԼͻҡ
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ʱҲ˲øȥʲôһܣүעʱסүӵһߴеӣˮ
ӼүѪʱЩܽˣ˺һæҵһˮݵ
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ȵĿˮɽһƬϡģſʼүȥ
ȴȻȵģǸҰְֹʲô뺦ǲǣ
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ӴŭͷӲŵĹǼޡ
벻Լ飬Լ̲סͷһ䣬ִǱۣһͷཱུĺȥȻˮžһˤڵϣŭԼˣ㿴ҲκǼҵ᲻
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˼үԼѩҪȥҽԺչһүӣһŭģק䷢ģ˵үӽҽԺӦⲻ󣬲ȥ˵ƨɣ˭ȥ˭ǹġ
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顭ʶˣȻ֪ļֵֻ˵Ҫ͸Լñ޸Щȡ
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˵ͷ˵ĶҲ͸㣬ҲֻһǮġ
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550 ү֮
ϽٺٵĸЦϴͷĺˣûʲô鷳ÿ꾰ͳԴͣⲻʼˡ
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һĲ˼˵ϾҪһ̽е𡭡ϴһҪأʲô
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ðΣҲûĲ˼ش𣬲ˤ֮Ҳûˡ
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˶٣Ĳ˼ֻ΢΢ĺһֻü˵ҪΪһʱ䣬Ǽҵ˵⣬үӸ۵ġ
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һ飬Ͻ˵Ǽҿ⣬Űѡ໡ϴ󡭡˼磬ʵġ
һҲסˣֻð⼸һһʮ˵Ĳ˼
˵꣬Ĳ˼̾һֲ㶼ȥһˣҲûҴ绰ԭô鷳ţϢɣ⼸עһ£õ绰ػʲôΪѵ飬ʱ绰֪ͨҡ
˺һŹ˵绰
ֻǸո׼ȥϴ裬ܽ޸ˣһʳ
ԭƵȻҲвṩ˾Ͳ͵ģȴӾƵʳﲻҧ֣һûԼȥҵԵ⡣
ӳԱˣȻҲٲҪһЩ
Ӵʳܽȥϴˮʰ֮顣
Űܽææ̾һһĽӣӣ¶㵽֪֪
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˶٣ּ˵Ҫ˵ǵضŮӰо仰ô˵ţǸĸңŵģһеˣǿɶǰ˳壬һ˹ô˵˹ͣЩŮȥ̿ˣǶԹԣΰ󰡡
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551 ûŪ
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˶ɺĮ֮⣬Ҳûȥƽүʲô֮顣
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ү֮ǼҲɱĳһ̳Ȩս
үϥŮǳֵ֮⣬ѩùãƫƫүȥôæνҲû˭õóʲôƾʵݣһǼҲҵļ̳ȨȻڶʱ֮ڣչ˰Ȼĳ̶ȡ
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յ˵ԼʱѾƽľѾɳ˯ˣûԺ֮ٻصȥ
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ġŭڸֽ̾飬͸Ҷġ
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ǣǼҿմߣôֽ
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һ漴˵飬ӦþڸŲĶ
˶٣ʵǸôʲôط֣


553 ǵһֳ
ʱ磬Ĳ˼ս˵ȥһˣǸ๤
飬˵ҲȲҪ֪Ĳ˼˵ҪȥһˣȻܾҪֻĲ˼ļƾšӡ˼׮ӣԣĲ˼뵽ưȻȻľ뵽ġӡ
ʵϣڶ̶̵һʱ֮ڣѾӵ˱ȡıӡ
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ȥǸ๤Ĳ˼ֻԼȥѩԼӣĲ˼Ͳȥˣȥûãοѩģȥ˵ĻʶϳƫģһЩҪС
ΪĲ˼ȥһεģδȥҲûʲôѶȣܿ죬͵Ǹ๤ס
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Ҳûˣ˵Ҳû˼ɡ
Ĳ˼һ죬˭ˣҶûӦأá
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˿棬ûзʲôֵÿɵĵط컯۾һ£ɳʹϣЩҾ棬ǿ˽ӴʱĵطſϲٵϢ
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һȷȷüͷ˵ҷǴϵζɳϵĲʮֽӽһϸš
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ٴε˵ͷⴲӣǸոձϴģ˵ϴ֮űõģţϴӼζŨ񣬼Ųζ
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һٴϸĿһ飬ȻڱӵһϣһΪϢ⴦ϢĲ˼ѣпܺӹȥ
ң⴦Ϣɫܵɳϲ԰׵ϢȫͥʣӦǸ֣߻߿˵Ĵġ
ȴֱӸĲ˼ô˵Ǹıһ˵ᵽطȷеζԿ϶ǿ˱˵ζһɣζֻ͵ġ
ܾܲһζĲ˼ʵ
ܽζסȻζѰ֣ҪѰҵķΧͻСǰһưĲ˼ľ顣
ֻŦԼǹڣңĲ˼ڵҲֻοͣǾ죬Ĳ˼ô˵Ҳֻǳϰߣ˳ڶѡ
ѵʶһ㣬̲סҡҡͷ˵ҪŪΪʲôɱһ๤ΪʲôҪĴڼֵ飬²ǵΧ֮ڡ
Ĳ˼ŻԼݣɵ̾һʵĿʲôԭ򡣡
ЦЦת٬Ĳ˼Ťһѣ˵ţﶼɹô칤ԭ벻
ܲһ¶ӣֱ˵н͡Ĳ˼һ±ĵط˵


554 ǽɱ
ЦЦ˵ǰľıɱ˵ʲôط
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ벻ףӹĳ滹һЩ𣬰˵ǮҪȴֻ߿˵ĴӣȻǺǱйأǱʲôֵǸð֮ķա
ֻһӣȻɱڵĴɱڵضǴĶǣ˻ʲô˶ɱڵ顣
ȻǼֵǵıˣЦһ˵ңпǲ֮ı
ȷĲ˼粻ʵ
⻹ôܲڱӱ棬ܲܰɣңǲ֮Ķڱ棬͸˷֡
Ĳ˼˵ͷͬ˵ңһʱ˺ܶ࣬ô޵飬ֱܹƵ
ֻĲ˼Ŀ˵ʵ򵥲飬Ȼ⿴򵥵飬Ϊ컯۾ֱӿΣ»ˣһʱҲҵͷ
ǱıɱģһѾӹˣʲôıɱ˿ˣӿߵʲôĻΪͱӶѾҲ
һȷЩߵĻ϶Ǽҿйϵ˵пΪǼҿ
˵ܹŪǼҿЩʲôȽĻҲܹ⿪֮š
ٴμһ棬˷ֿ࣬󲿷ǸŲԻϢְ֮⣬ҲûĿ֮
Ĳ˼Ҳһ㣬ȻһͷûҵҪҵĶԣҹ֮󣬱ԼЩĺۼִϵ˵Ѿˡ
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ֻ˸ոţ˴һ
õӢĲ˼˶÷ǳף˲ɵһ㵣תͷʱֻ߱δ󺺣һǹӹսǴ˳
ֻſֹ֮ҲûẦô߸ˣǶԷõĿǹ㲻˺Ĳ˼ȴûκη
һһŲ۾ӵ˵Ĳ˼磬ܹ⼸ȫɱ⣬¶޼¡
ԣһͷԣһסĲ˼磬תͷҪܡ
ֻĲ˼ȴ˵ץһʣ
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ƣһ֪ȭŵȻռƣҲֱ̱ӡ
ڼĲ˼ƽ˵ķһɲǣԼҲһèһüٶȱܿҷɵǹֱǼ˹ȥ
ȫԶܣһ˲֮佫⼸˷ŵûô˶ҪԼȫ֮ͣ⣬Ҫ𺳣ӿֲġ
ǿڲ֪佫⼸˽һЩǰıɱĲ˼ɱ֣Ͳܸо𺳡
ҪЩĴ治ˣӴԺη壬ͱǿüʽǴоĿֲ
ԣͻȻ֮վǼԵʱ̾˴סˡ
죡̫ˣò˼顣
ܿļʮӵվ˼ߡ
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һգ֮䣬ֱӽһ˴Ƕǽϣһ˵ڵҲ֪ǻĸ󺺣ʶһε񣬲ʧˣһûܹȫˣ˶뵽Ͷˡ
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գ֮佫ĸ˷ŵµ˴վȲҲߣֿһЦ
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Դüһ˶ס˱ӣʵ˭ģ
ޡ˺ͷһ漴㵹ӣǱŵû˹ȥ
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ѻ֡滮һʣֻһ˲䣬ٴοǰǽƿһԼԼиԼ˹
û룬ܵһԴǷԼĶʱԼұϻ˹ȥ
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ܿһӵͣһ˻ص˵ķſڣ˽ȥֱʱƵǹ
̾Ϣһ⼸ǹӦǶڰǸѻԼƷǼˡ
Ǽ˴ɱĲ˼˵ʧܣȻҲûлȥˡ
ֻľǣǵңǸѻ־ȻܹǽֱӻǸҪԼ˭ˡ
ٳ˵ѵǸҲ͸һܹǽڴҪеĿ꣡
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555 صɱ
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Ĳ˼˽ʱҲܵǽڣûǽʲô֮ģƫƫ˵ذһ顣
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קĲ˼磬èɱаͣڵĳ֮п켲Ĵ󣬺ܿ͵һߵеϣ漴һҷװ̡
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Ҳ˵Ǹѻ־ھԼʮԶĵطԼû취֣ңֻԼıʶֲˣ͸ۣܣֲˡ


556 
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ҡҡͷһǣǸ̫ˣҷֲķλ
ʱһƯŮԱǰ΢Ц˵λƺʲôҪҰæ𣿡
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Ϊܽ޵վѣִжŮе飬죬ҿӻ׽һ͹Ĳ˼缵ʵˣ˵жݣĲ˼ǸеСѹ
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̾һ͵ϴ⻰˵ܳлᣬһ
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⻰һڣĲ˼ָоЩԼ⼸죬϶ѩӰ룬һʱ˵ļȫǹǼҵ飬û˵ѩôһжġӡ
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Ĳ˼һ߷ɿĴỵ̂һŭʲô취룬ѵѩ绰취æ
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֪㲻ϲֻߡæ֮УĲ˼罫ԼϵİͷҲص˹


557 ׷ɱ
Ĳ˼İոֻҪѩ绰ȴԼԼ˾ѵٵĳӣջ˾ע⡣
ɫγͬ˾ѵʱЩżһҵ˵ĳһ˳٣ӿٵ׷һգۼ䣬ӵľ̵˲ʮס
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Щʶһ˲֮䵽˺һɫγ档
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ӣıʶصԼĳ棬ֻһԼĳ棬һԼܽ޽§ڻԴڰܽ޵鹵֮С
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ȷѪˣģǱѪڵıʶܴ޴𵴣ɱֱϵ˺Ҫصöࡣ
ֻѪ΢ˡ
ոʶ뿪ڳһҲʧȥ˿ƣİܽޣΪͻȻ䷢ʲôʱȻָȴʼѪܽȻǵĲѡ
Ĩһѱӣû£ƽжԶ
Ĳ˼ӹۺ濴һѪۣҲʹѣǿܽһŵӣĲ˼ȴǼա
ûҿǼǵѪİôаܽСߣβȥ
Цһ£ʱˣĲ˼羹ȻڼƽЩ
ƶĽֵԶĲ˼Ҫӵö࣬·氼͹ƽ·ϻ߰İ˸ָ̯ӣֵϵĿȣҲֻݵһСͨôխһֵ棬˸ַɫˡ
ĽֵϣĲ˼ȻҰѳӿ̫죬ֻƴذȣóţһУǣֻһɲ֮䣬׷ǼѾʮֽӽˡ
Ĳ˼󼱣һֻȲţһתͷʵô죬⼸һ·
ܽȴһͷԼİץһԪһ֣Ѿĺ󳵴˳ȥ
һʱ֮䣬ųƱ˳ʱȻңⲿӺ漷˹ȥȥԪ
һ˳ӿײײʹĲ˼ĳӸӴ粽С
ֻĲ˼ĳֻжѣǼɴֻͣҪ򿪳ų첻̫ˣңԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼöΪȥϵĳƱ˲ȵ˽£Ҳˡ
ЩȵȻųƱȴȵ÷ʹĽƫƫȴûȥǣȥЩһ£˶㼷ң㣬ƴȥзԪ
ſըһĳƱе˶һУ֮䣬Ϲľֱӱ˳û
Σһֱڼһͨ񳵣Ľ˻ȥ
Щɢ䳮Ʊ˳ϡ֮Щŷ֣һֱ׷ϵһܳͲ֪ȥ


558 ͬ1
ȷûо֮Ĳ˼罫ǳͣһȽεĽ䣬ȻһԪ
û߳ȥʮԶǲܳϵԪȫˣܲһ˲֮Ҳ˸ɸɾȻ󣬾ʣһƤȻƤˡ
ǸпһͶǿĶһԵܳڶ̶̲ʮ֮ڣͳ伣
´һʿƺüͷֱȷûǸٹľѻ֣ԼҪڵˣŻص˽֡
ѩļ϶һѹĸʳһ壬æͣѩ費ڣѩȴɳϣĿ⡣
Ŷ̶̼֮ڣӱĺ׹ͥ̾һ
ֻĲ˼һһӣ̾ӣӣðô飬㾹Ҳ˵ôʰ㡭
һĲ˼һɢЩĿܽˣʣ֪ǳʲô飬ֻӻף˵ʱðܽ޳ֵôô͵Ȳˡ
ѩҲŲµǳʲô£վĵĽһĲ㡭
ӻعЦϴ󡭡ʱ䡭Ҳͦæôٺ١Ѱ˼šлĻúõĸϴ󱨸һЩ顭
ɣϹɡĲ˼ߺߵɳϣ
ѩܽˣ̲ס˵ǡ
Ͻ̾һ˵ǲȥôû뵽ûܻ
ô£ôǣˣѩЩĿĲ˼һۣ͵͵ʵ
ٴ̾һ£һǱıģһȷϣΣһΪµɱ֣ҺϰܽС㣬ǲŽ˻
ȵȡѩЩԾʵǱıģ
Ĳ˼һ֣ڶʳϣ˵ңʲôϵ
ҧҧתͷĲ˼磺ϴĿǰĵ֮Ūɱֵ飬Ҹ֮飬һһĴ𸴵ģҪһġ
Ĳ˼ŭ㲻˵ǰɣãԺԶ˵ˡ
һߴ󼱣еϴҷģ硭Ǹˡңǵأ϶綼оҪθ̹ء
Ҳ˵ϴ󣬲Ҳ˵ǸɱֵҲǼģϽţ׷ô죿
ǸɱֵĲ˼ȷǼʶֱͬħһĿ£ôһ˵Ĳ˼ıϻһҪǼһֱ׷в޹Ҫܵǣۡ
Ĳ˼ڻһҲ
ѩȴٴʵ˵Ǳ˺ģʲô֤ô
üͷϸϸİڿķ˵һ飬ֻԽ˵ѩüͷԽѩӦ֪һЩʲô
˵øһ䣬ѩ̾һһ˵ࡣ
ʵǳĵ£Ǳװǳѩİְǳ£ܣүȥ֮ʱѩŵ֪ģ˵Ǹṫܡ
๤Ŀʾˣʵżвÿһ˵ΪǼҵ£Ȼ񱣻Ǽзİȫң˵鱨ҲֻǱǳһˣǳο֮ܲࡣ
˵ǳĳʱ䣬һΪܣЩʲôΪʲôǽ˱ܣѩͲö֪ˡ
һͻȻʵС㣬Ҹϴ˶ã˵ıӴߣ᲻ְֽܵģһЩֻ֮ĶСú룬ܲЩʲôֻ
ֻ֮ĶѩüͷƬ̣ͻȻѿ˵һ
Ĳ˼ĪĿѩʲô
ѩһ˵̾뵽үǰԼ˵飬ǴģʱĲ˶ûҪϤøǼңֱǼҲ˷ֻܣڲ֮ȴٶʧ١
ô˵νʧ٣ʵǳ˱
Ĳ˼˰Σ˵ȵȣ˵ܣʲôܣ
ѩһҡͷ˵ѾҪˣҪǸɱ˵֣һ֪ܣɱ˿ˣȫߡ
˶٣ѩ˵֪ܵģӦòʮˣֵ׻˭أ
ĬĬһ£ѩǼҿǳүӶǿ϶֪ܵģԼҲһԼ֪үǰ׿ڸԼġ
оǿ˱ˣ⣬ӦûһðǳıӦҲ֪ģԼүӶѾˣ֮⣬˭أ
ѩһããŴԴ˵ҹƵû¡¡Ҳ֪ġ
ɵһ
ĻһµĹţγˡ
ܣһʼүӿģܵģӦǳһ֮ǰǳʹү͵ȻΪУõǳȻʼįһ̽ҵĵǸͷ
һ㣬֮ǰѾ˵úˣʱѩӡǰܽ޶ڳ
ڱδǳ϶ȡͷһҲȥۣһ㣬Ǽҿѩһܵ˸ǳӰ죬Զǿᰮ˶ңѩҵõһı¡Ҳϴһ
ǼҿѰұ棬Ӧòû̫ջ񣬵ǳ˶Ѱ챦ȴǼϵı
һȻⲻǼҼԱĻɺͺ棬֪ܣҲˡ
ѩҡͷ˵ģǲģɱ˵顭ǲġ
ԼÿһѣÿһˣѩͬҲˣһ˵ɱǳε£Լ첻϶Ĳ˼ʵʩϮ֣пܾǡԼѩ˺һʹ
̫ͬ
үȻǼҿʧ٣ǳ䲻ȵһУ᲻Ҳһڰвµľ֣ѩȥ
ѩĲѣֻøĲ˼һȰЩֻһЩƲ⣬Ҳöʵ
ֻĲ˼ô˵ţԼﶼȰοʵǹڲ԰
ãѩ̧ͷ˵Ļ㣬ŹǺ𣿡
Źǡ˰ΣҲҲشѩ
үģǳйأǼҿܷŹǸô


559 ͬ2
ѩĲѣܽʹ˸ɫȷѩȥϢһ£ʡԼҲЩΪѡ
ܽ޵ǼΪɣѩĻصѩķ䡣
ѩܽһߣ鲻ѣϽĲ˼˵Լǵϴּȥһ֮ǰ͵͵ץһֽȻĶӡ
Ĳ˼һƣᱻ꼰ġ
˶֮Ĳ˼һҪܽ޵飬û뵽ȿ˿ڡ
ϴ׷ɱǸѻ֣õʲôôô
Ĳ˼Ĭһ˵ܹ͸ǽڵൽȥˣһѴѣټƵӵ׾ٵѾڿԸǽڶλĿ꣬һϵͳ⣬ǣ浽Ƕλʵʱ٣ͼԭȵһϵеĸ߿ƼֶΡ
ֻɫʵ
Ǹѻ̫ˣֻͬĲ˼˵ڶø߿ƼֶΣҲһ£µģǾѻҲԼһ͸ҪĻûӦˡ
ЩѾںüǰѾ֣ȻߣѾ㲻µļѵûֱܹӻˮשǹеĽܣǶλʵʱٵȵȼõҶ˵
ظĻҾͷġ
˵꣬Ĳ˼˵ڸֵ˵˵˰ɣ
Цһ£ԼܽޣԼѩ֮飬Ȼɵ㻹ûŪ£Ĳ˼һأǵҪȹ˵
ǣԼǼû죬ͱѩ˳ȥڰϣһȴ鷳һһĸĲ˼ϸϸ˵һ飬ºԼĪ˯Ůм䣬û
ûбİԼɻҲ˵Ĳ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼칤ˣ˼·ȻҪǼһ࣬ȻҲأʹ˳ѩܽˡ޹ϵһ㣬Ĳ˼Ȼ˵úܡ
Լ֪ôɵûôʵĽˡ϶СǻģԤıİɡ
˵ˣԼǴδ绰ʱԼôʱ䣬ôԼ̹ףҪǽżȻ˰ܽޣ飬ǲǻҪȥ
˵ЩʱĲ˼ֻǡϻƣʨҲֻй֮޲
һڰһ߿֣һֻĿ׼δޡʰΡ
Щǵ̫ѨĲ˼ϲĽѵòˣСʵ˼磬Ǹô죿
飬ô֪ô졭Ĳ˼òƽû˵һؼңһˣҪ߲һȥҲ㡭ֲʲôˡ
˵Ĳ˼ȻĪһЦ
Ĳ˼չһЦ֪һǹһ룬£Ͻ˵ãһȥڸȥ֮ǰмǱ
ֱȥʣǷ˹ӵǮĲ˼ʵ
У׵ѩܽԺ̾һҲǿŮӣһһ˲֮ʧȥ˼еˣһȴΪһССĴֱӴӡƽգԵסĻģʵĿٲ˵ģҲû˾Դ
Ĳ˼ٴû˵ʲôʱôߡ
˵һ䣬Ĳ˼ָĿʵȥֱʣоļƻ𣿡
ҡҡͷ⼸飬Լͷǣ˵Ԫףܾ飬ҲԼող뵽ģҪ˵ƻһʱ֮䣬ļƻ
Ĳ˼Ƭ̣˵ôȥƾ޾ݵģԸֻ²ˣпܻᵹһң⻹һҲȫ֮ߡ
ѩĸܣ˵ͷ˵
飬ϾϵǼҵ飬鲻Ĳ˼²ãһˣѩԿ
ʱһӰ˳Ѿеþֹͷ¨һӣЦе˵ʵҲûƽ֮
뵽˷ӣĲ˼ʵ
ôġӽָֺ쵽˵ǼȻҪչСĸܣҪҴСӵıԾһͷΪѵ飬֪ˣΪ˼壬֪ˣͻΪڻǼң⣬ֻɵӲŻȥ
ӵ˼飬ӦǾ͵Ϊֹ׷ȥˣڽʲôĽ˳ȻԼһˣԶǧ֮⣬ôչҲӰ쵽Լ
ȥмһ֣ʲô취
Ĳ˼ҲҡҡͷھͳˣԼһ˵ԸҲԲԼģԲѩ
Ĳ˼˶ʾмӸϽЦ˵ֻ²ߣ߻Ԥвߡϲ߹ѡء
Ĳ˼һʵ㻹뵽вߡϲߣߺߣ㼸ʱôѧˣ
ЦǱģҪ˼ǣǽ֣ٺ٣ƽﲻɽ¶ˮʵ
Ӵ꣬ͷ˵ٴţˣϽģνвϲ˵
ҡͷԵĵ˺һӣ˵νв߾ǣСĸŮһңֱԶ߸߷ɣӴ֮ʲôǼҶԹԹһ˱ᣬȲСӣֱ֤ѩСǴ飬ٺ٣ⲻȫô
һ˵νġвߡ̱һĿˮˣǼҿʧ٣Զʧ٣ǳ䣬ԶΪһţӣ˵㣬װʳԴ뵽õİ취ɣ
˵Ĳ˼ȻȻӵӵȻͲӺõˡ
Ҳ˶ĸִЦЦ˵𼱣һһϲû˵أãϲǣ£ǰյϣһԶĽؾ飬Ļ
˵νϲߣĲ˼˱עתƵȥˣһ˵ô࣬һ仰ܸ˱ᣬٲǼҵκζԹ
ⲻǷϻôӦүӵģһҪæҵǼҿ뷴ڣҲܷڡ
Ĳ˼˵ѩµľȣ涼Ϊ̣Ĳ˼ѩǺýãĲ˼ĳҲβܡ
ԣνߣ㶼Ĳ˼˿֮С
˰ΣŸĲ˼˵ȻȥСһȻȥΣ
Ĳ˼˸۾ʵ뵽취ˣ
ҡҡͷ£ʵΪֹҲֻһһй¶µʱҲʧˡ
װŪĲ˼û˵ߣôװŪҵøһһСģ㻹ŪСġ
һ㵣һģֻϻԼмˣͷʨӣԼԺô


560 ʧȥĲ
صģĲ˼ں棬ѩķڡ
˵ѩĹ뷿ѩҲҪȻмΪҪˡ
Ҳðܽȳȥһ֧˰ܽޣŶѩ˵СǣĿǰһ⣬ҡ
ѩۣͷĬ˺һ˵Ѿˣϣϣ㲻Ҫٽȥ
һ˵磬ְ㶼ˣ
ѩҡҡͷҹûĻʵҸҰְ־֮ҲǾͻҸǷųѾûүүĲҪȥ˺κεˡ
Ĳ˼̾һѩߣ˵ӣôŹ飬϶ûдǽ硢ְ֣пǺүү֣ܹϢ飿
԰ǻ˾ӦõõͷǸۡҲһȰ
ѩᣬҡҡͷ˵ҶҾͼǵãүүֻϲҰְ֣Ҹ硢ңһңеĻᣬеĺôȰ˸ǣԲһңǺȥûкɫн棬һҿǷǵģӦûǡ
ҡҡͷС㣬ĵҲ̫˰ɣҪŪпܾǺүү֣ǻְָףôŹǣ
ŹΣŹôѩ׺Σ˵Ĳ㡣ߣ𣿡
ǰѩǼǧȥҪʲôطҪ˼˵ϰûһգ֮䣬ǼұѩҲĸΪĹ¶ĸҪ֮أֻˡ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷǼ˵Ҫ뿪ʲôʱʲôɣȻӲܣûУ뿪ôһӱʹȥ
һӡһ˵Ը̯ƣֻҪǰ硢ְַųǼȵõ棬ȫȥ׷С㣬㿴ô
ѩ飬ã΢΢ͷΣҶϣ˺ǡ
Ҳ˵ͷ˵ұ֤Բ˺һëô
ѩɿڣĲ˼תͷ˵Ҫӽһģʲô
Цһ£˵ϴʵ˵Ҳûõ֪ڿ²֪ǲˡ
Ĳ˼һ죬ﰵЩԭѩ֮ĻԼ֪ܣ
ҪģʵҲСһףһΪıͬʱǡǲΪҲ˶𣬰ҽףҲֻȥ̯ƣǶ˺˵ͷ
ôһ˵Ĳ˼ʱȥʲôı΢Ƭ̣˵֪ǱѾ֣ǵͷⷨԭҲǿУûУһ֪ϣеͷԸ㣬ô죿
ҪֱԸңǵҲãֻ֪Ѿͷɱ֡ѺֶӵΪеʹ
˵Щʱһ̾˺üţΪǲҪԼ²һźá
Ĳ˼Ҳ̾һĿѩ
˺һѩĲ˼棬ʼ½Ĳ˼һӺ쵽˲Ӹ
һѣʾʱܿһ£ô˵ѩǸŮӣʲôţʼǲ̫á
ֻѩһ·һ˵ʵǶԲ㣬ϡϣʵҩ֮ٲ̧ȥģǱӦôģһʱͿ
ԣһϲƫƫȴдһʧ䣬ƾĶۣŮӵУɣϼͲȥ˵ˣ̫ˣ˵ɣҲѾ˶ۣĲ˼Ը̫б£Լÿһμ񶼵Ҫһͷܽȴ̫ųĸǲϾϲ͡
ѩͬѩദһʱطѩԸƢǰãԼʵк֮ܶһο̹ĵľҲܲǡ
ֻѩ¶Լ˵˳ǲѩҲˡ
̾һĿŴ⽥ĻԼʮɫĻò޺磬Ҳûع
˵ĿףĲ˼ѩǼսףʵ
ѩ˵ͷһ˫ۿĽ´ϣãŲȻЦ˵Ĳ㣬֪һƬģҸ֮Ȼܶ飬֮׵ġ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ۾սף˵ţҾ֪ˣûߺߡ
ѩ̾һֲ˵Ĳ㣬ǸסˣһͷϵģսףĲù֮󣬾ɡ
ʲô˼ողҴ𣿡һζǲԾɻĿѩʵ
ѩЦһ£˵ģҲɵģֻҲ֪ȻҵļңѾ鲻ˣ裬ȥһŵĵطú̷衭
˶٣ѩһ˵ңǣЩ꣬һֱߣЩʧȥĶһ
ѩô˵ҲټȰοȥѩ鼫Ϊӣ˵棬һʱ䣬ƽ
ʲôʱߣĲ˼Ҳǹеʵ
ѩ̾һȵõҰְָҸϢ֮ɡ
Ĳ˼һ˵ͷòˣ˵ʵߣÿۿǼҷ飬ʵǱûţ˵ˣûвɢϯƴǼҿ֮ԼҲøϽͭǣҪȻɣǶǵý
ѩķ䣬ӸܽͲӰǳȥóԵĺȥˡ
Ĳ˼Ǽսףʵھȥ
ҡҡͷôȥңҿɲң
ô㺦ˣ
һܹǽڵҽսɲȥġ
˵ս׸Ĳܹ࣬ӵ
ҡҡͷû˸ұ֤ܹ׵ס׼;Էһ
Ĳ˼Ҫҧһ죬˵Ǻãȥ⸱ףңҿɲ㿴һ·
Цһ£ɳϣĿȴĲ˼硣
ʱĲ˼紩׳·Ҳһ¿㣬һ˫սѥҲԵü䣬߸֮
ɳϣûаȥ׼˼Ĳ˼粻ʵôȥ
عĵ˵ͷԼôȥһĲ˼磬аǹ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷЩ飬ҲһҪǹڣսףԼĴǣ˵ôȣԼҲˣҪֱС鶼ɴ¡


561 
Ӵ˸绰˵ԼĲ˼˳ȥȥˣܿͻǲõġ
Ĳ˼˳˽ֱ֣һҵסҲǼҵܲڡ
Ǽұ֮ǼҴ󲿷ֵĲҵΪ˸õĴ⣬Ҷܲ
Ĳ˼ûдŽǼܲǴһûмصĺŻ˽ȥ
ʵĻݾߣϾԷһ˼ΪмȿֲԼ߿Ƽ豸
һݾߣ»ûߵضͻᱻһǹ̵
ڴΧһȦȻ֣Ǽܲڵⶰãһͬ߰Ĵ¥мľ뼸ֻһ׶񿪡
ͷ˿խͬһһ¥΢΢̾һתͷĲ˼磬ֻܴȥˡ
Ĳ˼翴ãһ֪ҪֱӳȥҪȻԼһЩרҵĹҲá
ֻſ˫ֻ֣ưסߵǽڣȻһţ˫ȣٵסǽڣʱͬһֶĲ˼ͷ
Ĳ˼ͷҪ£¥ʵôȥǼҵܲڵʮ㰡
ȷǼܲʵڵʮ㣬ǽҲǹģܾʡһȥ
˵ܣԼô죿һ㣬ԼҲУҪǵʮ㰡ţ˵Ҳʮס
ҪǴⶰ¥ȥĲ˼һ¾룬ⶰ¥ȥǼܲĻǴӶ¥ߣҲࡣ
ȴǽϵͷ˵ɣϴνǼܲʱ򣬿ˣʮ̫ˣ˵ӶȥĻм¼񣬷ǳܡ
һ˵Ļ۴ʲôطȥҲܹ׾٣ؼڶĲ˼磬ɲ뻹ûطͱ˷֣Ȼżǽھ͸ԼĲ˼һǹ
⡭Ĳ˼绹ԥѣҪԼûǸȥŶûˡ
ǬͳһӣһףһߵЦ˵ԸұȥӰţҰȥ
Ĳ˼һ죬ͱ˭˭಻ռ˳ԵˣЩֲûɹ
Ĳ˼һ˵û˵ˣһգɵĲ˼ǰ˵ȻҾֻñˣҲǱ˵ţɣٺ١
û뵽Ĳ˼ȴúܣɣ˸ܺõɣܣǰϵãʱңõʱûԼ̱ȥ
һ˵һ߼ӣԼ˼Ȧεϵס
ȴĲ˼ϵ֮ʱĲ˼ԼıϣȻĽĲ˼εĸԼϡ
һͱڣҲǸɵһˣңѶȣ˵ֵһ̸
ؼǱŵ˵ʵʵģ΢һҶһ£ǿɾΣյġ
ҪѩҲ˽Ϊһ飬ǶĲ˼磬ʼûôģһôҲСһĺá
Ĳ˼εİãٴγſ˫֣ʼĲ˼ıϣҲȻĲ˼ǺӰ쵽
ֻʡһ㣬ԶԶϴαѩֱӷ±ϣһǰһס
ֱӷ±˫ַȫƾϵǡǡϵȴΪ˫ףҪС˺ܶࡣ
ǽڣҲֱӽǸóǽϴҪȻٻ˼ҽ˵ǿֱΧۡ
ɡһȻʱԭΪҪϢĽǼܲҪܿǸΪľѻ֮⣬øͻȻ֮ġϲϺѹ
ֻĲ˼磬һգ֮䣬Ĳ¥ĸ߶ȣñϵĲ˼ĺɵü˵Ҫʮ㣬ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣ㹻ˡ
ʵΪĲ˼ʵںǵܲӦˣҪһ֧ԼҲֻĿţҪҲﲻˣ˭Լ۵ģİԼˣңġ
Ĳ˼ĵģȻеģٶȾȻԽԽ졣
ٲӣ㵽ʮ¥λãƾ¥ݣҲֻٶ˰ɣңʱȴûһڡ
ö
Ĳ˼ô룬˵СһգѩһҲ֪˼ʮ¥ĸ߶ȣ¶㲻ʲô
Ĳ˼ۿԽԽߣһĶᵽɤ۶˵ҲܾȻô
ʮ¥ĸ߶ȣ΢ͣһ£˵ţúܿ찡£ٺ١ұģͦġ
Ĳ˼һڿˮѾɺԵĺҧû˵ϲⶼʲôʱ㻹ûζ
΢һٺ١ЦţҪ
ҪʲôĲ˼總Ķϣʵ
ڿ˼˵Ǽ£άҵġٴλһֲЦ˵ȥôˣ㲻˰ɣ
ҪʲôͣĲ˼ʵ
һɣҵҪҲߡƤЦ˵
ҪЮĲ˼û
ҲãҪЮҲãҪһ£ʮ¥ҿɲұ֤ȥ
㡭ߣϽԺǳףôĲ˼ſıϣֻеӶ̲ѡ
ϢҲͲĲ˼׷ֻͣǵ˵עˣԽԽΣգɲҪҶˡ
˵ţٴηʼ
ֻǾʱĲ˼ջûס촽Ǹһ͡
ֻʱոձһû뵽Ĳ˼ͻȻôһ£һһţһʱй˳
һйһʱˢһ£һ»˺üס
Һãһ˲֮ſָӲǽץǿ׹֮ס漴ֻżһҲ߽ǽ壬һ˾Ǳǽһ㣬εվǽ֮䡣
˺һĲ˼ǿ۾һǡ
òһ˵ţҽ֪ܲͨһ㿴⡭Σհ
ȻĲ˼֪ղԼͻأһǣͻȻ񣬵˲ӽʮ¥ĸ߶ֱ׹ȥĲ˼绹һ䣺жΣհô
ٴεϢϢ˵ţɲܿЦģȸϣ飬ôʰ㣡


562 ԭع
Ĳ˼һҪǳһ䣬ʮ¥ĸ߶أⶼʲôʱ򣬻岻ŶģҪ
Ĳ˼ջֻ΢΢̾һ˵߰ɣкöҪأ
һ΢΢˵ͷٴֻһ֮䣬͵˵ʮڵĸ߶ȡ
ٶȱʮ־ˣټһֱڣֽһһ֮䣬ûаƣ۴̬Ĳ˼ﶼģǣͷͷ¿ȥԶʱĳ޺磬Լҹ磬ȴ֤ʵһоá
Ĳ˼֪кرǶʱҲ;رԼǰ֪Щ˵رر⡢СС֪ʶȵ֮ģĲ˼û뵽Ȼһ֡
ԣĲ˼类ڱϣʮ¥߶ϣģֻС᲻ġôһˡ
ȴ˿Ҳûͣ΢ƶһξ֮סӣԱϵĲ˼˵һȽƧĲֿ⣬ļӦú٣ʹȥˡ
ʲôط뵽Ǽܲ¥㣬Ĳ˼ûȥԼԤƵ·ߣãΪᰴձԤƵ·ߣԣ˵ھͽ뵽ǽĲֿȥĲ˼һҲȡ
ȥСֵģһ𣬳䲻飬öˣСҲûá
ֻż߽ǽ壬ס֮ŶǼܲߵǽڣһƣƵǽʱ΢΢İݽȥ֡
˼Ūϴ춯Ļֱȭͷǽ壬ȻʮֿݵĴǽ룬ȥҲȥһǸѻֵע⣬ζǺ¡
ŲȡӲĽˮשƽȥķӣǽĵĲһⷨӿܱȴʧΪһ׵ķ
ܿ죬ͳһֱһ׵ĴСǽȻƶ֮˽ȥ
ֿ֮ڣĲ˼⿪ǻòϣСһ
Ȼںڰ֮УĲ˼绹ǵ˵ͷʾ⡣
ʱºƶתжĲ˼˵߰ɣ
Ĳ˼ʵīڵģʲôطߣ
ǼܲķøֱĵĲֿ⣬ߣԶĵطһţǹĵط
ôôĲ˼仰һǼܲǲرϤµķλһҲǣҪȻͲˡ
ǣסĲ˼֣Сıܿмͷĵطߵֿűϡ
ֿŵģǴŵģѲ΢΢סΣٴƣ׼ֱӽŪ
ʱȴ΢ĽŲϽĲ˼˵ű
߹ˣȻѲҹֵౣԱһߣһߵ̸š
һɳƵ˵ûзǹ⼸ܹ֣
ʲôƨ£Լı־ˣһֻѼǸɳϼԣҲԵĴźǳ⡣
ǡҾǾýϡϺر𡭡ƤֱҺᣬᷢʲô°ɡ
ʲô鷢Ѽɤûĺǳ¥°װ˼豸Ǳиʲôõĵģ
ҲǡǣǱǸ˵ʲôݰصġ˵ǲǱҪ沢
ɳɤӵˣ߶߶ģһѰһ˵
ǹѼɤȴǲͷٴκȳ㻰࣬㻹벻ȥˣǱߵʲôݣǲҪ沢йϵ𣿿ߣкöĵطҪء
˵ԽԽԶҲ˵ЩʲôˣĲ˼ȴɻ
طû죬˹ˣ
ңĲ˼ûв´ĻǸصˣӦþǴӿ˼׷ɱԼɹǸѻ֣
Ĳ˼Щĵĵʵ˵ˣļ豸°װģ㻹а𣿡
ֻٴʶֿǽڣһȦֻûһıʶ㷢֣һЩȽҪͨڱȽεĵطһЩԸߵĹߡ
ЩߣȴֲԼָ⣬Ҳͨĺ֮߱Ķ
ÿһߵյ㣬ƺиССķһûù״
ĲЩֻǰĶĵطϼȻջرʶ
ʲôԼıʶĶĲ˼һ飬ʵ
Ĳ˼Ƭ̣üͷ˵Ǹѻ֣Ǵͷ˵ǶҲŴһ־ϿԵĽܡһҪڷͻϮ͵Ϯ׼ɱͻϮڸըܻʽ
˶٣Ĳ˼ֲ˵ݴԣƳ֮󣬻϶ûģʹãҪԭǳɱ̫߰ԣʹĿǰҲֻǼΪⲿŵװˡ
ⲿţЦһʲôⲿôǮ
ߺߡÿҶÿҵ鱨ţ֮ͨ£һЩȽȻʹãѹ֣˵Ǹѻôô
˵Ĳ˼ͻȻ֮̾һ²֪ɣ̯˴¶ˡ
һĲ˼˼Ѿų˼֡
Լ⼸֮ڵΪǱŽ֪һŶˣǾ֣Ҳ澭ֵػ
Ǹصľѻ֣Ӧþع
ֲװԼֲĹ
һ뵽ĪеûӦԼûעⱣԼ£һֱ鱨ԱˣǺܲ׾ܰѵ鷳
ΪЩ鱨ԱֱӶͳĶежͳȨġ
Ҳ˵ڲ֪䣬ǵ˶֪ǲ𣬲ǵˡ
ֻȻеûڣӲͷƤĲ˼˵̯ʲô¶ǶҵŪǼҿ䣬Ǹʲôֵعٲҵ鷳ҲͰˣҪҵ鷳ߺߣ˵Ҳֻøǻƴһ
ߺߡĲ˼͵͵ЦһһﵹԽԽ˰żûüɹһƬң㻹ǰɡ
ȻЩ֣ȴǲʹɵøЦƵġ
ΪĲ˼֪İüɹĻҲʵڵȲ֮ʱ
ʱѾɵĴ򿪲ֿţתͷʾһĲ˼磬Լļ䣬ǳӦþԼǼ칫ҺϢ档
ȻĲ˼ô˵ģʵϣȴһԼıʶȥѰҹģ֪ľλڡ


563 
СıܿЩܵİ칫⣬̣洫һȼ۵ͳ̸
ĻûʲôϢ⻰ģԻֹһΣȻֱܹĳ
ϵͼңȻ⣬СӣԻһܳƣþ˵ңûģԣҲ֪˭
УСһ첻ôܹ˵ԻôȥϽܿ˶Ķ֡
ϽܿʲôһĿռӣóֶѣ˵ˣ赶ɱˣʲôãĻǡʮ˵
ôǸСӲҵЩͲø㣬ԷһΪǼһʵ̫ˣǼһһֶߣ̾ͻͱѩѾͷʱĺ²ܹе˵ġ
ҪʶֱӴǽȥ١ΣʱֵҹıѲ˹
δ⣬Ĳ˼һڵһ㵽ͼܿ
ֻո̸ȻֻֻƬȴоʲôطԾʹԼԼض죬̫⣬ҪԼصֲһˣԼҲͲҪȥᡣ
ֵǣǸ˵ˣͼӦþҲ˵˼пܾɱ
һǣ˵ĿҪǼͼΪУҪֽǸˡ
Щˣԭ֪Ǽͼ֮еܣҪȻѾ֪еİأЩͼ˵Ҳû̫ãֱӷˡ
ôܣ
Ҫ˵̰֮֮ͽԼϢʱҲ鼤ѡ
κ˵ͼϵĶǲɶõ汦ûԸģο̰ײϵĵزˡ
֪еܵĻ͵ɱ֮飬̰ײϵԸҲȻȻĸɵóˡ
˵֪еܣ˵ֻΪǼֻйŴֻղؼֵȫûҪЩ캦Ͼү˵Щӱļֵ˵㲻ϸ߼ֵĶС۹⡱ĲǡļҵˣΪͼһĲֵ
ԣĶԻо÷ǳ֡ǻܣ֪ǲ֪
ֲѣǱȴֵ
ˣ㿴ô£ֿôǿŵģǸɳƵʵ
Ĳ˼һӲֿʱΪƻģҸû취ָ˺ۼ벻ôͷˡ
ֻǸѼɤȴ˵ȱţʼǱʲôûУû׼һǻ˵ģôһţ˵ûҲ
ɳƵı̴򿪶Խѯһ¼ǱߣֻǼǱ߹˺һŻش˵Ȼ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ڼ¼ʾûʲô쳣˶СģѲ顣
Ĳ˼һ֪Ǳ߿϶ģ²ʱдӵҪ˹
ô죿Ĳ˼͵
룬ָָİ칫ңЩûŪ״֮ǰ벻ֱȥΪ˱⹫ȻĳͻҪõĵطȻİ칫ˡ
ҲһЩûŪҲͲ̾͸Ǹϲˡ
ԣ̷ܣֱӹעϣֻעϵܣʮ΢ĳ̶ȣԴʮӵĿհףȻͻȫָǼ˶޷
ʮʱ֮ڣý칫ǳԼǸͬסȻ򿪰칫ҵţȥɹţҵεĵطǱ͵Ǹ̸
Ҫ飬Ĳ˼붼ң˵ȴûʲôѶȣͬסǸʮ֮Ĵ򿪰칫ҵţȻܿװűϵֱקĲ˼紳˽ȥ
ֻһ칫ңԻǸˣĲ˼˶Ǵһ
ǼܲǸ๤ˣ
ԻˣȻѾ˺üĿˣ
Ĳ˼Ǽ˵ƬģϵҲǼοˣԿ˵ҲϤˡ
˲ǱɱôôֺúõسԣһˣĲ˼˶ǳԾѡ
ֻʮӵʱ䣬գۼҪȥĲ˼ȻԾȴ̫ĵ顣
ҿѡòĵطֻһգ֮䣬˾Ͳص칫Ψһܹصס˵ɳ档
˸ողغã˱˵ո˵ˡ
ȻǸղܽ˿ʮӣÿ˵˼άһοհףҪǰĻ⣬ٲҪһǰ˵ʲô
ҲһողŻعȴ֪ӣĬƬ˵˵ҪǲܴﵽҵҪǾ͸Ҹģ֪⼸ҼͶеʽ𣬿ӦҵĻرأ
ĺһر㻹ҪʲôرɲҪˣɲҪǼҴ󲿷ֲҵܹ㣬˶Ŭ
𣬳ǳǼҿأ㻹ûҵΰġ
Ĳٴ³Ͻܿ˵Ǹ˵ǳѾɱˣǸʱﻹһ˿ңٴ֤ʵǳѾ޽ҡ
ң벻ǣǼҿʧ٣Ȼ˵ڴеֲþүȥĴ飬Ǽҿҳϡ
飬һֲ߻ģĿģֻҪżԼĵܵܣǼеĲҵ
ɥĲ˼¡
ֱӾҪһϲȻǳȥѩǳѩǰһһʮİȫ¶
ֻĲ˼Ļȴ΢΢һΪСĵһֻǰһ£ֵ㿪¼ܣʾʱҪܽ˵̸¼ʱҲһ֤ݡ
סһǻŭ΢΢˵ͷĬ
һЦǼҿߣͰһŶӣĲ֮أ֪ҪǼŴСӣȥͷùˡ
һĬ֮˵Ǽҿĵصң˫£߶ԸСӣǼҿǱߣȥ
ҡҡͷǼҿֵһعȥȥ˭ұ֤ᾪع


564 и
˵Ĳ˼˶Ѿ׹֮Ľףֻ˽ĹԶǰĲ˼ԤƵء
һĲ˼絹Ƿһ롣
̾ҪվֱȥʿˣǼҿײĸعȴĲ˼һץס
ʱ˵ֵˣ鶼ôηηβģҪٵȥϵĻ޷۳ȥǵʽ޷ת˵Ǹô죿
˵ôʲôã˳˵СӲǸոո㸥Ǵҵע˽ʮʽôЩǮڣ㲻תˡ
ǮãһǴҵעʽҲ̲סˡ
ֽȻǿģĿֻΪ˲ǼǴҵֹ֣֮֮ǴҵҲͻ䵽䵽ȻҲ˾޴ĺô
ȴӲͷԵģտˡƵȦף֪һһ˽ȥ
һŭ֮£ҪվֱӸˡ˶ϣֻĲ˼ٴסһһûԼѾͶǱɳ棬β֮䣬ʲô˵顣
˰Σ̾һ˵ĶӱȥѩѾͷˣµŮ˶ǣοѾͷʲôҲûˡ
ߣ㵹ԷģѾ˵ˣҲӦˣˡһֹ
ֻȻ֪˻û˵꣬ȴҲ׷ȥǰ˰֣һֽݵǰ˵˽ǶƽͼСڵķ䣬ҶǺˣҲټȥ
˽ӹƽͼϸؿһ˵ƾϵװұ֤ճڻЩ磬Ҫ֣Ҳ賿ʱ֣иʱ򡣡
˵⼸仰˱㲻ӣЩƣˣҪ賿֮ǰ֣ҪһЩ׼
ʱĲ˼罫е¼պֻʾԶˣ
Ͷˣֻ֣ûܲĲ˼ûܲǿˡͬûܲ
Ϊ֣һ־ܣ
Կ˵ϣ֪࣬ƾŽܵľѻӦҲһͬСɵȻҴ⣬һֻ֣һʧԣһֱ֣ӾͶܣｫ˵֫
ЩŽӵĲ˼硰Զ֡İʾ
Ĳ˼˵ͻȻ֣˹ȻϲѣһŤòˡ
ĽҲǿ֪ġ
Ǽҿٴλص˽֣Ĳ˼硢ѩ˵ʱĬȻá
˽Ǽҿֱʱ˲֪һʱ棬Ǽҵ׷ʲô顣
ӻĮ֮лǼҿȷǼеϵ飬ܿ죬Ǽҿ㷢ǼҵĴʽԼİְָȥе飬ǼҿԼİְҲԭǸְ֣Ҳиſ˰й˽ƷңǼҿ֪ܿ˲ǼԭǸ๤ˣǱֵðˣĿģҲһǰѾʧ˵ͼ
һֱԼһŮѣȻҲǸһģǼҿǳ־壬ͼҴ˵ıǸʱǼҿƹֹ˼ɶ֮࣬£ֻʱͼѰʱ
ֻǼҿû뵽ǣĵһ龹Ȼӭж⣬󣬲е֤ݣˡ
Ǽ˷ߵĲҵҲͲ˵ˣõֵĸǴҵȻȻٴλصǼҿѩ
ڿˣȨĹˣȴģȻεףҲû˺ܶʹ࣬˵ÿͲ˵ֲܶʧȥ˺ܶļ䣬֤ͼԼԼһЩܣԲй¶ȥ
ΪѾﵽ񹲷ߵĵزԭһģǼҿҲԼˣֻǰһǼܹõȨһǮݵǼҿҲĵطȥꡣ
˵飬Ǽҿִˣȥһ˸һЩϵ飬ʽֲҵ
Щ飬Ѿʮ죬ǸõҪسǵʱˡ
ǰϣǼҿ鷿֮ڣˡ
Ǽҿ˾ľƱ˵ǼǷܶࡣ
ǵȻһ˳ʧƬۣʧ˺üʮ𡣡
αˣЩС£ҳݡ֮Ļȥ˵˵Ǽҿ˵Щ׻ǼҿϾǷ飬Ǹһصİ
һỹģǼҿ΢΢һڱѪľҺ΢΢̾һż˵Ǵ⣬Ųʱ䣬Ҿܻ塣
ǺǣЩǮҪϢģ˵ҲڵϢһںƣЦ˵
û˵꣬Ǽҿʧ˵һʹøǼһһʣǮӡ
ЦҵֵܣȻһˡɱԴһȣ˵ǮҲҪˡ
ǼҿҡҡͷЦһ˵֪ῴǮһˣôῴ֮أ㲻ҾǷ飬ǣǼҵĵȷȷǷ飬ҲĨʵ
òƨ֮ԽǮʵռıˣô˵ɣ֪ܽˣ԰ɣҵߣǿ϶ǲɣԣչ
Ǽҿɫһӱѩ˵Ůһֱֻˣչߺߣ㰲ʲôģ
ûʲôɫ˵ܽԭӦһΪһʧȴһͨϰգܹģֻǮչΪԸԸסҪ˵¶Ҳ˭ȥ
ֻЩǼҿһɣ԰ܽ޵ǼҵĹ˾ְ񣬳ӷȫС顣
ȻˣܽǸŮӣ˼ĻҲ̸̸ЦЦ
ǡǼҿû˵λܽСģ⻰ô˵
ҡҡͷ˵ˣܽС˹һ𣬾Ͳκˣֻӷ˴һУֻǶԷµĴĲԺ󣬰ܽҪߵ·ҪȨȥš
˶٣˵ܽˣҲҵѣӦһˣȨҵ˼𣿡
ˣȨǼҿȻ˼԰ܽ˵͵ҪһЩԭǸһЩªϰߡף֮󣬳׵ĸı䰬ܽʶһЩªϰҲֻǼҿˡ
Ȼһ鷳飬ٻռǼҿܶʱ䣬Ȼô˵ˣǼҿҲƴǣ鷳ٴǼҿҲֻȫе


565 ʧֵܵ
һ¡Ц⣬˵˴ǸģҲˣ
Ǽҿ¾ƱҡҡͷôܣҺ˼ʱ䣬û飬ɱ˵Ѿˡ
һɺѾƣ΢΢ζһڳݼ֮ζȻ˵Ҹ㿴һѾ֤ϣԲΨһĴڡ
˵ţһǼҿչʾһ顣
ǼҿĿɿڴĿչʾã˵ܣôʾˣ㡭㲻Ұⶫй¶ȥ
պãЦЦ㲻ˣʲôǺǣˣǷһʾ޶ծҪȻ˹Ǳʣ˭Ҫȥ
ⲻǷϻôǷôˣںٶһǼҿЦЦһں顣
Ƭ̣Ǽҿ˵иҵ飬Щ
˵ͷ˹ӵǱǮѾֻ˹ˣģҲͰܽҪģǼҿӦ֮Ҳûʲô֮ˡ
ܺãҿмҪ˵סǼҿ˵ǰû۹⣬Ĳ˼磬˵Ѿ׼ˣٺ٣Ҫע⣬ûʽ֮ǰ÷һҴٴΰĲ˼ˡ
ٺٵһЦʮɵ˵Ҫߣı£ô㶼ѾûǸˣûǸˣ
ôţǼҿ۾ʵ
΢Ц
ǼҿЦЦ˵ʵҲǲѣѩһֱܿ㣬һߺߣȽŲ㣬԰ɣǿԼ㻹һֻǳ̶΢һЩˡ
˵ѩ˶ȽŲ㣬̾ϢһԼѩΪ˸ԵĿģһֱŽţһ׵ġ
ֻǼҿ˶٣˵ҪҵİӦҵĴ
һ˵ѩԴֿʼǼҿ׷Ĳ˼磬Ӷʹ滻Ĳ˼ĿܣѩġѾͷʲôⶼ룬ʲôжá
ѩǸȡһеļֶΣҲôƫƫѩ棬һֱǲȡݵ̬ȡõֶΣҲǹġıңͼûʲô֮
Ͼϲһûдǲȡ˺˵ֶȥϲһˡ
̫Ѩ̾شһ䣺ǰôסôǹܲô࣬û˰ɣû˵ĻҵûȥϢ컹кܳһ·Ҫߡ
˵Щ飬ǸǼҿֻĶӵķݶ
ֻǼҿҡҡͷһ£ͼ˵ѾûʲôˣǱϾйĶϣܹҴȥ
ǼҵĶ˵
ͼĶ඼ѾϣǼûʲôôԼҲô󣬲ǼҿĻû׼һЩҪ鷳һ㣬ס
Ǽҿȫ١ķʽԼԶЩ鷳ôô򵥵ķǼҿȥãҪЩ鷳ԼЩˡ
֪ΪʲôǶͼȤôǼҿΪԼС뱭ƣһ˵ͼֳļ˼ı֮⣬лһεܡ
ǼҿЦҡҡͷʲôҽⲻҲûʱȥԣ顭
ٺ٣㲻ŷӿҰɡٺٵЦֻһ˵⻰滹һΪ֪ܣĶѣ޷ƾܣϣɲľͳ
Ǽҿ¾ƱתӳóһεĴӣڷŵǰ
ûæŴ򿪲ӣ컯۾ȥⲼϢӲ͸¶ϢֻһЩɫŨϢʾⲼĶرмֵĶ٣ǼֵǵĶ
ֻǲװŵģͼ֪ģңƾϢҲӡ֤үǰ˵ЩͼֵǮһ㡣
⼸ȴǻ޽еһ˵⼸ͼļֵȴ־Գκһϡ䱦
ǼҿٴνװͼĲǰƣżɬ˵⿪ܣ˸һ
Ⲽս·ǬЦ˵Ȼ㶼ⲻܣҲֻ˵ˣгһܽ⿪ĻȻٲҪ˵һ
ãǾһΪǼҿ˵
һΪ
Ǽҿķûʲô˯⣬ϾϾҪ뿪Լ̻˶ʮĵطصԼļȻ˷ܲѡ
Ų˿û뵽һۿһͥԺ֮УԶϵ̾
Щ֣ϾͻͭǣʮСʱ֮󣬾ܼɣϼˣô·ˡ
ӣôˣߵӱ󣬺ǹеʵ
ӻعͷƳһתͷȥϵ
ӣ㵽ôˣʲôĵ£˵ø翪ĿġӲԼƤЦǰ٩
ٴ̧Ƴһ˵һ䣺褺
ûһĶԼֻ˵һ䲻ײĻһĪͷԣʲô˼
Ӻں°̾һ˵磬ûΪֵܣ̫ʧˣ̫ʧˡ
淢һͷˮһ岻Ŷ壬ʲô褺ʲôֵ̫ʧˡⶼĶĶ
˺ðΣʵӣ֪褺仰ʲô˼𣿡
ǳ㶼֪̾һ˵ʲôС褺⻹ö褣֪𣿡ˮ䰡ǸǶǣաȡԼ褣仰˼Ǽ褣
ʲôߡġһǻ飬˲ӽһҲûˣ褺仰˵ģ褺ǡ塷ʲôϺϣߡģëɡ
ٴκ̾һҪȻô˵ֵܵģ̫ʧء
˶٣˵磬֪𣬺ò׳˹׬˸ǮŮҪʲôʲôأòһŮȴԭǴ˴òлȥһѣԼ˽ȥҪʲôûʲôʧܡʧܣ
ԭʧӣһ˲䣬ְѱԸ¶˳
ǿסЦѻӣȻΪ
ʵһǼתʽٳȥܽ޵ǮȵеĿ֧ܵ׬˽ʮðܽ޵ȴŮ͸˵ˡ
ЩǮЩ£ȻģҲȷЩǷϣŶһһˣ˼Ҷ磬׬Ԫ׬׬˸Լأδ׬ֿտգس̵ĻƱԼǮⲻʧʲô
Цһĸ˵ӣ٣еҪʱ֤Ҳ׬
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566 Ⱦ
ϷɻʱǰͱˣֻǼҿĸˡ
Ĳ˼硢˺ǲ⣬ô˵Ҳһһ֮󣬶֪ʲôʱܹټˣͣҲûʲô԰ǣ˹ӡޡǱ˵õ˲ҲͰˣѩܽˣôŶ԰
ѩܽûͱ˲٣˲ͻ˺ܹܶԼһ˸߸˵Ļس̡
ֻ裬ǼҿȴģһпյĻӣȻ˻عԼļ˳Զһ㡣
⻰˵ãڶԼ÷Ҫһ㣬ù첻ѣȻǼҿ˵ҪȫԼѩ
Ҳûѩ֣ҲֻţǼҿ˸ԼǣԼ˰ɣȻоĹֵֹģҲͲٹȥᡣ
˷ɻٵɻֻʣ¼֮ʱ֪Լһιƴˣ
ѩһְҵŮװǰЦе˵ɣľȻҲһɻ
ôôĿĿѩʵô㲻˵ҪҸĵطô֪ѩеĿģȴҲõ
ѩЦЦ˵ôңڼиչţҺܷģˣǵ£ֻҪ㲻ܸȥκ飬ô̰ɡ
Щͷ󣬶ѩ˵
ûʲôֵİѩԱߵĿλЦеĽ͵Ҹȥйһг飬Ҳ˵ңܿкĻᣬţҪǱߵгԼĳĳ˵ı֡
ǺȻܲܺ¶ѩ˵ҪѩҪģǡͶ̡ݣݣѩͿй㹻ʱ䡣
ѩҡҡͷЦҲһ˫ӮΪĳЩ飬ҵϣкĻᣬ񡭡
ѩȥʲôȻû㹻ɣһѩһӯӯЦ⣬;Ѿͷʵûʲôġ
Ҫ˵ʲôƫƫʱɻʼХ׼ˡ
һ·շתϣһƽƽִͭǡ
Ĳ²⣬Ĳ˼϶ֱȻĲңʲô飬ҲһҪȵϲŻѩҲӦҸƵס£ȻٲŽνг顣
˭ҲûϵǣŮӾȻ˵ֱӸ˱·
ѩдʣ˵ô˵ԼҲǿˣ˵Ǽҵ⻹ûȫָʽȽϽţסƵ꣬Ǿ͵ûǮͷߣô˵Ҳþ֮꣬ҲΪǼʡһǮ
Ȼ֪ѩʲô⣬ѩõǡıܾܾĲ˼磬һӣԸȻĲһȻԼķ䣬ûȨ档
һһˣȻǺͣٵĻص
ɣ˻˵öϸϸĿ˺һ󣬲˵˺ܶ࣬ʱæ˰ɡ
ɣĴԱȺģסļźĴ裬ûаڼﵣˡ
һ߿ɲˣ˵裬˼̫ƫˣ㿴һ˼ҾֻŸ˵һ
ɣЦǺǵ˵Ķܰţӣһʱ䵹Ǹ׳˶ˣǺǣͦĵİɡ
ҡԴЦ˵˼ҵĸǺǣǱߣҳԵú˯㣬ĳЩˣ찵űˡ
֪һſڿӺ˵˵Ҳûȥƽϡ
Ĳ˼ѩҲɣһһҵӵɣ裬ߴߴģһҲԵ֡
һȴɣϼûڼӦϰ࣬˸գӽ˵Ҫȥһˣ
ﲻ֪ӵ˼ֿտյľҪȥһߣһкӡ
ӽӹкӣһֻһö˶䣬ֵʮɡ
һ˳ţԭǱҪǼҵģǼҵģȻҲû׼ʲô֮Ķû뵽ϸ֪ԼҪȥɣϼԼһæ
Це˵磬㵹Ǻ֪ȤȻǰҾҲˣǺǡ
һƣû˵ô˵ҵǷһˣ
ٺ١ٺ١߬ʯָЦ˼˵ֵܣ˵Ƿҵ飬ֲһˣǺǡ
һ˵һȲĳ˱
ӸոûãɩѩϣĲ˼ɣ裬һҪȥɣһ·˵ԼһˣΪôæҲûʲô
ɣǰԲڴҾȣԴɣϼ֮󣬼Ҿսԣ³Ȼɣʼձڼ󣬾ȥʲô
ֻɣܲסĲ˼ѩ˳ĳȰ˵ֻøĲ˼ѩȥһ̳
һȻҲֻܸţһڼҲûʲô˼
˳˱һ·˵˵ЦЦ̳ͭ
ǵã̳ԭĲҵĲҵĲ˼ɣ̲סҡͷЦһ¡
ֻǸŮӹ̳һ˺ͷʹ飬Ĳ˼ѩɣһ֮˼ȦۿĲ˼˵Ľ࣬ɴ˸طϢŮ˼ҿ·ԼһүǶҲǰԡ
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һ̧ͷһ벻߸ЬȻֽװһЩĲ˼
㡭Ĳ˼ĿûɵȦһ졣
ԭĲС㣡һЦ˵ĲСҲ̳
Ĳ˼⣬΢΢ӣҪ˵ʲôһʱ֮ȴֹ
Ĳ˼ԭҲûʲô˵ڨȫǳò˵ǿĲ˼ķϣ㰮ľ֮ǧ֮⡣
ǿĲ˼ֹҲֻǵһЦվ˵ԲһЩ飬ˡ
û뵽Ĳ˼һӷֽӣһ֣קס
һҪʲô
㣬Ⱦֻ֪ܾĲ˼קһ˵Ҳһ˳
΢һ˵ĲС㣬ںæողŻʲôѴĻ㻹ұ˵ɡ
Ĳ˼źҪȥȵˣ˷ΰҲбˣԷΰˣͲ˵ˡ
Ĳ˼һͻȻ˫ϥһǰͷ㣬ûܹȵˣֻҪӦҡҪʲôҶӦ㡭
üĲҵĵϣĲҵǧСԼǰҪñ˿ָô˵
ӳɺͳüͷ˵
ҪǲӦҡ͹ﲻĲ˼ǿ˵


567 
úúáҴӦҲܵҪô£ҪôȥȲųɰ
ҹĵ飬ģҪ˵˾ԱῴŪôĲ˼ҲˣǾͲʲô¡
ԣֻ÷ţĲ˼˵
һҪӦҡĲ˼Ĩᣬǲĵʵΰʲôǣһ㣬Ĳ˼ǳԣĲ˼һҪ³ŵ
ҿԴӦ㣬п˸ȥҾԲ֮κγŵһҪǼҵ̳Ҳֻɵ㡣˵
Ĳ˼΢һµ˵ͷĴӵôڣĲ˼ҲֻˣҪڼȥпʲôòˡ
ʲôʱпգĲ˼ʵǰĲ˼ҲǸ߰Ĺ˵Ĳ˼Ҳֻܾÿ̬Ⱥ
ΪҸողŻϵ̫ˣпյʱ֪ͨɡֻ뿪Ƿ֮أ˳˵
ƫƫɣʱһʮ꣬һְҵװĸŮĲ˼һתͷ۾˵˵үǶôһŮӣ֪λС˭𣿡
һ⸾ŮǰĹƣǷװĴþмޱ̲ס΢΢ЦЦ⴦̳ĲµĲҵþҲĲµһԱˡ
ȻĲµĸ߼ԱȻûɲʶĲ˼ĺοոĲ˼ԼǿոĲ˼¹һĻڣĲ˼̴棬þȻҪվĲǰǰúõıһ¡
ûڣޱһЦ˵Ҿ㣬øϽλСǸҪȻߺߡ
˼Ҫǲ̵Ǹλͻ֪̳ͨıֱ
ЦЦ¶һİҪҵǸ԰λĲ˼ĲС˼
ʶĲС㣿˳ھͽĲ˼˵˳ңںޱ̲ס˴ֹһһλټӵܰɣҪȻ
Ϊһ̳Ĵþ۾ˣ֮ԼޱֱӹǳҪΪίĲǧҲϰŮ˵ˣҲֻͦͨˣӸûһӵ緢ӣԼޱŸֱվĲ˼ͷ
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Ĳ˼ĨһϵˮϽżޱ˵ְ̣ⲻ£ˣ
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ٴЦЦʵ־ҪҼĲ˼ǸôҪĻҿҪˣ
ޱһô֪ҵֵģ
ɵùĴЦ̳ÿԱǰһƣ棬ְ񡢱ŶдģֻҪϹӣäһ۾֪û뵽ôþȻʳôЦ⡣
Цޱһ죬ϵͷ˿Լƣ漴ֻһޱ̲סյЦôôЦ𣬺ߣ̬
ֹסЦϽ˵úúãԲǹ̬Ǻǣһ£ˡ
˵գתߣû뵽Ĳ˼ٴνסܸܲҸ׼Ŷʲôʱпգ
תͷĲ˼ЦЦ˵ҲҪ֮ɣ˵ˣпյĻһ֪ͨġ
Ҫһ˲䣬Ĳ˼ɫɷףԵľдʣ֮֮ƻ˲ˣ¶ùˣûˣ
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼ҡҡ׹Ҫ̱ȥҺüޱּۿ죬ϽסĲ˼תͷŭҲ֪˭Ҳ֪Ĺ˿ͣ㡭ôûһϧģĲСʲôˣ֪úģ㣬ô
ʼ磬ЦΪĲµԱģҸĲС֮飬²ܰɡ
ޱһ仰Ǻð˵һʱɺףɰת࣬ҪͿź֬ˮۣٹһҪڡ
˺һޱһᣬҲȥ˼ʲôݣһڣǹɨƵ˵ⲻĲСʲôһˣȴһŮʹʲôӺʲôүǶ
ޱһᣬҲЩֲɨˮ絽ϡ
ĭ̲ס˵־˵֮ǰøô£ȥһ˾ͻõô
ֲҽ˵˶ˣ˭ܾȵûޱû˵
ԣҲ;Ȳԣ⣬ûǸȥˣȴһҪѼϼܣⲻǿô㳲յ˵
˭֪ޱû˵ҵȻ֪ûʲôңҸ֪ûʲôͬģֻĿűʹҲȥһѣˣҼöˣʲôУȴûģߣ˼ҵĵæȴʲôѼϼܣʲôǿѣһپܾѵͲȥΪ
ԼޱֲĻЦһ£˵塣
Ǳˣ˵ޱǸˣһٶʮַٰѿˮ絽ԼϣƫƫޱǸŮģ˵ˣޱĲµԱôҲֻΪ˰Ĳ˼
һٶʮַ죬ЩҲ˼õϡ
ʱĲ˼ѩɣ֪ʲôط˳һĲ˼㶼һ
Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼ʵ˼ôѧУżô
Ĳ˼ͷ˵ˣ˼ٻչ
Ĳ˼üͷúõģôҪչôˣ
һĲ˼ӣĲ˼֪ѣĲҵԱǰĲ˼絹ԸĲ˼ֻһΣΰӲĲ˼һ˶Σķ񱤵ص棬ΪˣĲ˼ԷΰҲǲ˵Ĳ˼ȻɵԼѧҵҲҪչ˷ΰĲ˼Ȼǲʹ졣
ѩЩΣվԲ˵ɣѾѡ·ڸȥˡ
Ĳ˼Ͻ˵ˣҸְ̺죬˼ǵͷϾˡ
ЦЦ˵˼鷳ˣ⼸·Ǯһõó
ޱĲ˼ĳ̲࣬סһȻûôλĲҵĴڴ˵֮УλĲҴǺܲöԸģû뵽첻֪ʲôˣһӼϰλǧҪǣޱóλĲҵĴͦͨˣƺά
֮£Ĳ˼ǰΪϵ⴦ְ̳֮󣬴󲿷ʱֶǸһԶԼޱϤ
ת֮䣬Ƴһ¼ޱƣЦЦָָ˵־λأҵѣո˵ЩҾϣܲʡ
ޱһĲҴѣĲ˼ϵı飬ֹͨѣѣ
ޱһӰûԼʲôˣ֪ģȻĲҴѡ


568 㱣
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵־ĻҲͲ˵ˣ·ģǮ
ޱһţϽ˵λС㣬װеķװǹеķװۡ
ޱ˵µģ˭֪ʱļޱֻھʾãոյǼޱҲ˵ˣ⼸·Ҫȥ򵥵ģȻǮޱãۣܹ΢תһЩ
ֻۣЦЦ˵ǲ˰ɣ־ĲҵģĲСÿһδ㶼ۣĲҵǮ飬Ǻǣɲá
ޱʶԼƺַһ˵Ҳû˻ƽϣƫƫ⻰˵˳һָԼ˼
Ҫ֪ĻҪǴĲ۾ĶԼþҲˡ
ôһ˵ޱɫƫƫʱ򼸸˱һк˼磬ѾͷҲҴк
ż֣ȴϲ
һͷֻĲ۾ЦеĹ
֡һĲ۾Ĳ˼ҲȵĽһ
塭ѩҲǹɵؽһ
Ĳ۾ЦеӦţ߽һȴͷĲ˼ϵЦݲһ漴ָֻ˵˼ѾͷҲôûȥ飿
Ĳ˼Ĵ֡·
Ĳ۾Ĳ˼һ䣬漴ҲȥĲ˼תЦ˵СջɣǺǡпţͭǴƵǱии֣Ҳڡã͵ѩѾͷӽӷ硭
ЦЦǰ˵õģԼҪĲ˼ףý˾ķ֣ȻڣĲ۾ǳ¶
ɣڳȻﶼףҲֱ׵ľ˵
ҲڣǺǣҾȴ֮ˣþöû˼һˡЦŴ
Ĳ۾˵ͷǾô˵ˡ
һתͷޱһֵ̿վһԣĲ۾ЦЦ˵־⼸λҪĶҵϡ
ޱϽЦ˵ǣ
ҡҡͷЦ˵Ĳ壬ҶģǰɣҪȻǺǣ˹ء
Ĳ۾˸ЦСӣһǼ·ӣǲˣСӵǮҶ࣬ں⼸СǮҲãԼŰˡ
Ĳ˼ڳĲ۾ԴкԼŰ죬˼Ҳپ͸٣ܸʲôۣ͸ʲôۡ
ûҪһСǮϼƽϣתͷĲ˼磺𣿡
ѩɣ趼Ǿ˾Ĵӣ˵˹ˡ
Ĳ˼Ц˵ҸѩҪɣģ񡭡ȥ˰ɣ˭
˶٣Ĳ˼ֽ˵ˣҪȥүүһ·
룬Ц˵Ҵʲô·ǲҪ˶˵ģϲҲͺˡ
Ĳ˼ȥȥ
һĲ˼ǼƣҪȥһ·ֻҪ
ҪֻѩĲ۾ҲͰˣƫƫɣ棬ȻĲ˼ֵ̫¶ǣֻÿЦһ£ҡͷȥ·
뵽Щ³֮ʱĲ۾ıӰԭЦݵϣʱЩסˡ
һתͷҪȥĲ˼ס˵һ¡
˵ţĲ˼һС칫棬ܿ˵ĶĿȻʵСô£ĽôŪˡ
ǸӣĲ۾û뵽ģڿ·Ǻ΢Ӱ죬ⶼĲüͷ
ǮǲΣĲҵǧС㣬ܼܲ޸һвм˰ɣԣ·һ˲䣬Ĳ۾￪ʼЩ
ûʲôϴȥһ˳ɽ˵⣬ĽžͳǸӣ֣Ǹ֣үүҲȥɣĲ˼Ĵ
Ĳ۾ʧеüͷʵ˼磬㿼Ǻˣ
Ĳ˼һƺоʲôĲԾĲ۾˵֣ôˣ
Ĳ۾ҡҡͷ˵˼磬ǰʲôҶ㣬£룬ٿǿǡ
ȽŲ㣿֣ԭӦüģǼ죬֪ûü˵Ĳ˼üĲۣ˵һ㣬֣һˣҸȥһ£ȻҲϸϸ˵ҿȷĸһرü
Ĳ۾Щջ˵Ϳ˼Ҹ㣬ѡŮһ棬ҪһûˣҲȥѡһȱݵˣڻʲôȱʲô㡭
Ĳ۾һ˵㣬ѧǴѧۼͥʲôǹ¶һˣӦòѰɣѵҪЦĲҵŮ·߲ã
֣ʲô˼Ĳ˼һվǴ֣Ҹ㣬ʲôӣ㻹ŮĻԼԸ
ʲô˼Ĳ۾ҲվָĲ˼磬ŭΪãΪ˲ñЦ㣬ЦĲңʲô˼ʲôϲŮҪǲȰ棬ҲŮô
áĲ˼һӿ˳ãȻǲԼԸŮǾͶϾϵñЦûӡ
㡭Ĳ۾žһϣϵĲ豭ʲôĶһ㷴ˣҸ˵ֻҸ㣬޸˭ԣСӲȢ㣡
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ңĲ۾ŭĿԲŭ
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ҪȥҴܿˣǰҸˣ
ˣ˭ôҪ;ʮ򣿡
èӣ˰ɣʮ򣬶ʮ򣡡
ι˵磬ǮҲ߯˰ɣող˵ʮôһգۣôͶʮˣ
ʲôʮʮ򣬾ʮұˡ
磬˵Ǿʮȷ
ˬ㣬ۣ㵽

ϸϸһ飬ôˣ΢һתͷ˵ӣ׿ڴӦ˼ҵģǺǡҿɰﲻ㡭
һ´Ӹʻ˫֣ҪȥĲӡ
Ȼֵܣ


576 ҵ
Це˵ӣ˼Ҳ֤ɽҪô㣿
һǷĵıʮԼһ굽ͷ鶼ûأʮⲻҪԼô
˰Σųèӱ߲ѵ˵·㣬ҪôҶˣ⣬ǮǶ㣬Ҫôʮ飬ˡ
èӿ˵磬ȥǸʮûӽ㿴Ǳߣ֪ģǰŵأ룬Ǯġ
УҲ֪ĸ˵ֱӰű˰ⲻɳ˶˵ģ˵ҪƽǸ˵ö׽ȥоЩǣûҲпͰɣûֱӰͻȥôҲø̳԰ɡ
Ҳܣҿɹܲô࣬˵ʮ򣬾͡Ӳְѡʮ˵˳
һЦЦ˵èֵܣһ˵ʱͷЩᣬټ֪ͭ˵ӣֻ˵Щˣ˵ʵ¶ҲִңҿɣҲûȫӵҪأҲͲ˵ֻʮ򣬸ʮΣ
һèӵѣ̫֣ԼҲкôһˣٵȥĲ˼Ǳ߿»Щ⣬ԣȰ˵èӡ
˵ģ޿ɱ粵ĵֻʮҪֵĻèҲֻˣ˵ܸʮèӼֱеϲ⡣
èƬ̣ԼһҪĿ֧ǿǿ䵽һΪٵǮ£èӿЦ˵Ȼ綼˵ˣҲֻܴ̽ӣµǮҪתˣҪֽ𡭡
ӵĻ᲻֪èҪת˵ԭֻãԼȻûǮǮԼҲῴ
£һſȥñתˣԼѩȥչĲ˼ȴĲҵ˵
飬ĪʧʮǮڸһ䣬ȥƽǮǮ٣ҲĸʱԼһʮʮʮ򣬾ͻҲ˵һ
ֻ֮ѩһĲ˼Ĳȥһ߸˵˼ոշ顣
˵Ĳ۾ֱӴӼｫĲ˼ߣѩ˸ԼһĳȥðҲ˵һ仰
ԭĲ˼һҰҺ޸Լµˣû뵽ؼʱĲ˼ȻĲ۾ˡ
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼һ龰һĻһĻӿͷһȻΣ̾һʲкСӷʱˮ˼ƣ֦വ٣ĺδ޷ݣǽǧǽǽˣǽЦЦģȴա
ܵ˴ۣȴʫʣѩ̲ס޵øĺδ޷ݣøȴգܶˣû㣡
һѩЦ˵ʲô˼
ѩ΢΢һЦӽԺҵˣţ۹һԲῴ˵ġ
ǳ֮Σ룬Ҹϴ󡭡ϴ󡭡ʧ˵
ѩЦ˼ģҲ˵Ǳ˦ˣҲֻҲŻ㲻Ӳ񡭡֪˰㡭
˼
˵꣬ѩֿЦ˵˼пܻתɣҲ˵ܣȻôϲ㣬ôϲҲͲƽôˣֻǣ⻰ҿҪ˵ǰ棬Ժ˼Ҫٻֻܽҡ㡯ˡ
֮Ŀѩе㡭
û˵꣬ѩֹߣøĲ˼סһ˰ɣʲôط
ڶʮңʮŲҲٸѩִȥ˵˵Ĳ˼ڵĵط
˲ңĲ˼˯ӣҩҲȥˣҩʧЧ֮Ĳ˼ͻѹ
ĬĬߣⲡﻹһˣҲ˹Ҫ˵ҲͲ˼ˡ
ֱֻǼһ˲ֹ֮˰СʱĲҵˣȴɻûѩֱַӸĲ˼˺üͨ绰Ĳ˼ȴһҲûӡ
绰ɣϼǱߵɣϼҲ˵֣ĲŽգҲûӦȫŶȥˣڣɣϼҲ֪ȥĶˡ
˺һ󣬲Ŷɣϼ˵ȻҲˣҲֻʱգĲ˼ԼѩӵţҲʲô£ȵܴͨǵĵ绰֪֮ͨǰɡ
ŴϦһһ³ǰʰ飬Ըɣϼˣһ˴棬Ҳȫ
ӰһЩҪĺ뱨ڲһ󣬱˵չĲ˼ѩҲͲˣԼиˡ
ҪʱæȶѩȴĸϣһˣȻȥɡ
ֻƨ߶ƨ߶Ȼȥ
֮ûãĲ˼˹ʵǺң֪ԼΪͻסԺĲ˼̲ס
Ĳ˼һᣬѩٲһο
벻ǣزĲ˼һһ߰һҪʱȥΰ˵Ǽʡ
ѩϸϸĲ˼ΰõĵʲôĲ˼ҭҭΣ˵ԭί
˵ǸĪĹϵҲһΣΰĲ˼һȥĮǸӣȷӦװŶģĶȴˡ
Ϊ飬뿪һʱ䣬ΰߵʲôطƽ޹ʵǳ鷳һ£ΰѧУҲȥˣÿ춼ֻôڼ
ɾ㷽ΰڼܹùȥָ׵֣֮ϵؽٵΰͷϣΰһӾ˲ֹʮ꣬ͻûꡣ
ڽϣĲ˼ڷΰļſڣϺüʷΰҪʵˣһִ˷ΰһ٣һ˻˵ֻҪΰסͭǣͼһδһΡ
Ĳ˼ߣѩɵüͷʵȻΪʲôȥ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ˵ſʼʱ򣬷ʵͱģһץˣǣû죬ֱ˳ң˺ץȥö࣬ųҲ죬һʱ䣬Ǹץˡ
ﵹԺһΰ˵Ͳʲô³Ӧ˵Ǿȡ˭úõˣ
ֻﻹе֣鶼ôˣܽκܺ˰ȴһֱûѵǿϣ۲ݵ֮⣬ʲôܣ
⻹һ㣬Ǵ֮Уôˣѵû˵Ҫ֪飬һͱϣԲ᲻ܣһ룬ԼӡĲ˼˶ٶӦûе鷳ġ
ǣΪֹԼȴҲûУô£


577 Ұ
һ˰ŶĲ˼˵˼ģҼȻǴӦ˵ģҾһȥһʱ֮˵ġ
ѩҲ˵˼㻹ȰȻӦˣһȥģ϶ҪһЩϸ֣Ǽġ
һε飬ںڣѩҲһݣʱľΣѩҲ֪úԣѩŻοĲ˼
Ĳ˼ҲǼµߣȻǣƣܹӦĲ˼˵ѾǴﵽԼĽˣֻǣԼӲؼʱ⣬ۿȥ﷽ΰĲ˼ٻЩʧ䡣
ҪԼܹԴȥ﷽ΰһĽЩ鷳ԼڷΰеĵλֹǸһ㡣
Ĳ˼ӱոѹָѩ˵ô࣬ʱƣٴλ˯˹ȥ
̾һ֪ⷽΰʲôħȻܹĲ˼ݵ˲԰Ρ
ѩȴﺬ⣬ĵĿһ˵ΰǸ쵰ڱʲô˼ϲǲ˼Ĵ
ѩҪ˵ʲôκˣκ£վĽǶȡͬģȻͬ
ͬѩ˵ԼΰȷǸ쵰Լڱ˵ֻǸʲôأҪǣѩ˼һ㣬һǣĲ˼һеȥϲΰ޴ѩĴһģһ
ΰĵص˵Ĳ˼һˣԼѩܹõȥ
ǿЦЦ˵ѩڸв֪һƬ⡣
ѩһһˮ̲ס䵽ϣ仰Լһֱģû뵽龰֮£ʱ̣˵˳
ĵתĨһᣬѩתͷЦ˵˭ء
ǺǡЦЦ۾ôˣɱ˵ɳ˰ɾúܣܻɳӵġ
ѩٴβ˲۽ǣ컬࣬ＤвС
ͼˡǺǡЦĲ˼Ĳ۾뿪Լȥ飬ȷղѣһʱ֮䣬Ժ
ʮӵʱĲˣĲ˼ԼĲԶɽү
ѩĲ˼ĲԶɽ˶һɫĲԶɽûȥڲϵĲ˼һۣصһǰ˵СĲңǷ̫ˡ
һЦֵ˵Ĳүүô˵ʵЩҲѾˣǺǡҵģվҵģҵģǿҲûʲôãˣĲүү˼Ĳҽ˵ֻβףСӪҲôãúúõĵ
Ĳ˼翴һĲ˼תͷ˵ҡ
ûڣĲ˼һӱ㻩
ԭĲ˼ҲǸǿŮӣϰ߸ֻһʱ䲻̣ΪĲ˼ѾԼŮӸıһСŮˣٴϵĿһǿҲѱڻһ̶ˮ
ûаĲ˼˼ֻǵ˵ϴǾûλֻѧʶҶλгӣܹĲҵҲԶԶϴȥӦ°ɣ
Ĳ˼ᡰžž䵽ϣ˺һ̧ͷȵߡߡҲҪ㡭
˵ͷ΢΢̾Ϣһ˳
ֻǻû뵽ݣĲԶɽȴ׷˳͵͵ĽһعͷĲԶɽ΢΢˶٣˵мҪ㣡
ЦЦ˵Ĳүү˵
˻һĲԶɽ˵۾˼綼˵װȳȣĿֻΪ̽ĲҵķӦ𣿡
ѾҪˣҡҡͷ
ǲΪ̽ĲҵķӦڣĲ۾ѾһʮǵľǲȣȻҲͲôҪˡ
ĲԶɽε˵Һʶ㣬пգҼ
ЦЦ˵ĲүүҪпյĻһ˼ҵģǺǡ
ЦϣѩһȳһȳĽ뵽ոĵ档
ĲԶɽѩ˵ıӰص̾һ
ڶһ磬ڴŴΣͱӴӱﳶ˳
죬һʧʮ򣬵ȻѧУɣԷ·ʲôģܵ˵Ӷ㵽ͷϡ
ôĿô죬Ȼ򵥵һ취ǾҪʣ
ⶼˣһǷԼĹʺͽȥû׼ͻԼǮģ
ԣһģӾקҪúõ˵˵
ΪǵʣԴŭĿӣǵʣΣֵ
Ӱָͷ˵ôֵ磬ɻǵãǶѾʮһûˣϼң£ⲻǴҵŬһݸӦһջ񣬶ԲԣԣҲӦǹˡ
šӶ˶٣˵ҵҪҲߣԭǧĹʣ͸ôһǧ¼һ򣬺ٺ٣⣬µЧ治ٸҸʮʮĽҲǿǿĲȥּۻˣٺ١ô
ɴȥ˰ɣҪǮûУҪһŭβ˵ԼҪҪһڻҪʮʮ򣬲ˣ
ȴһҲĻᱻЦеĳ˵磬⻰ɾͲˣ֪ϣ˴Ǯһæֲˣܲһʾûаɣ
ϣһæһһ£ϣһûҽԺҲɣɣϼˣܹԼʲôæ
Ц˵ɲǣ磬ҿɸ㣬һ˺ܶǮҾͲ˵Ƕа
θڣֱ˵ô£û˵ҪٲҴţһ߶ȥ
˵˵ɱ𼤶ӺǺǵЦ˵ϣ겻ǻؼңҰꡢ衢ϼ۵һ飬ֱӵ衢棬ϼ顭
һ͸û˵ϼ飬˲ٵǮɣǣƨ°ʱҸ㵱ɾˡ
û˵ֹ꣬˵ȥô£磬룬ɣǰǰһֱ̧ͷ˵ģԼΪ㿪ٳһĵĽ̹;͸ҵɾ£ү㿴һĺڰ
ʵȵȣȱԩ˵˵ʱ̬ʲôģ
ŭһʲô˵ģ˵ʲôʲôǰ״
ŭ˵˵
˵˵ҾͲ˵㡭
СӴϱֱһӵƨϡ
Բۡ㻹ˡһԾ𣬷˵Ȼ󡰅硱һȭļϡ


578 Ӧý
Ťһѩţֱӽһۿһ˫ŽӵĲϣһһ˫ȴļԴѩ̲סüͷǳǧۣҲ˵ˣʮˣôСƢǵġ
һѩˣ˸ϽɿԷѿ
жۣرں˼ʮˣҲ˵˶Ѿǳˣ˾͵˸飬ҲСһʲôʱһˣôô
ѩһոµĴʲôģűһսŪĴһ߰ʰ̣һüͷ˵Ժɲ׼ôûˡ
͵͵س˸ۡ͵͵Ц磬ûأԺӿ¾Ͳôù˰ɣ
ѩعͷŭӣ˵Ųϼ㻨Ǯ㡭
ӸϽһŲõЦ˵Ҫɩӣϴ˻𣡡
ѩһ·׸һֻ˴õû˵òڸǽļɣȥϣ
ӹһ̵ܽϴּ䣬ˣתͷݺݵһһۣһǵĻ
·ϴּǰһɵúٺٵЦӴ磬һ磬ˡ
յòУŭʲô˲ˣѵ
һת˵ȥ±˵Լǲ˶˵ˣϽĿ˵ô²ء
סӡסһЦԭܹ³İ
ۿ·磬ѩ滻Ĵ챧˵ȥͶǺþˣϽģͣǻҪҪ
קܿѩķâһ¥ȥͣһߺǺǵЦţʮŮ磬Һãλûô
ѩʲô磬ڣĵĵɣʲô̬ȣ飬ɵҪõʱ棬ֳʹ
һһЦڼأ㲻֪̬ȣ
˶٣˵磬꣬һҪ̫ˣôҶΣ𣿡
û˵ʲôþȵġ
Ļû˵꣬¥洫һĽ㡭硭Ӹ硭
ɣ꣬˴¥ɣ˷ܵĽ
ɣǡ򡢽򡱵ĽУһ̣ƺЩʲôһ΢΢Щ⣬ֻһɲǼ䣬㱻ϲȫˡ
ɣһأ˳ͨˣҲԵһˡ
š߸˵Ӧһ첽¥ݣɣԼǰԼ˱ȸ߰ȻЦŶû㳤ôˣ
ɣȻЦЦǽ˵ʱ䣬ĳ幫֣ô磬ͦ˧İɣ
ɣϼʹӳЦ˵˧㣬á
ǹЦһʵʱ䣬ѧϰɼôɲܸҶ
ɣꡰžһͦظ˵涫磬ȫڶȫ꼶ҲǵڶѾù״ˣ
һɣԴЦе˵ܺãǲܽȡøһ
ɣԴЩɫ磬ʵֻõڶð༶һ򲻿ɵġ
һΪʲô
û뵽ôһʣɣһ죬۾ӹ๾ת˺һҲ˵Ϊʲô
ɣϼһӣһ˵ǲ֪ǰһһŮ
㡭ɣ꼱ô
ŶԭˣЦЦʵ꣬ңǸ糤úƯ𣿡
Ҳ˵ˡɣŽ˵
ɣϼЦЦʲôİںãкӵ˹ȥ͡
һ߳ͣɣ˵ʵԭǸ磬ȷúƯǰİ໨ļҾãԭˣΪ翼УĸĸҲͭǴ򹤣Ǯ顣
һ࣬˵ͷ˵꣬Ȼɵúúõİ
ɣһ˵ôﰡĺǿҪȻҲȥڶˣοͬѧкüǮģӽǶһһܾˡ
һظ˵꣬ż£ͰӸҵϡ
ȴɫ˵꣬ɾͲˣѧϰϵ飬ǧ򲻿Էɣõһ;ҪõһҪȻ˼Ҷῴġ
ǣһֱҪȫһȥ˵һǻģɣɻʵ
ҡͷ˵꣬ˣҵľһȻͻرע⣬ֻȥõڶںˣΪԶӮ
Ļû˵꣬ո¥ѩ˻ͷⶼ̵Щʲô˼ڲŶУʲôỵ́ȥŮӣ꣬Ǹ˵˵ҪģǼǿѧϰ̸˵ʲôģ顣
һֹһ䣺ȫһŮ˵̬ҳɡ
ɣϼȴ˵ǰһһ쵽Щ⣬꣬ǵġ
ɣıߵѩɣϼôһ˵ʱȥ˶ĬĬĳͣȻ˳ȥ
˿һһҡͷԵ˵ӣ磬ɲޡ
ȴЦЦ˵ӣһ񡣡
Ĳɵʵʲô񣬻Ƕ٣ҪûлѵĻ̸
ͷ˿ﻹڳ͵ѩɣϼˣӹ˵һѣҲܲ㣬ģ겻˵ǸҾôôȥʲô
Ӵ˴ϸϸĥһ˼¿ϲ˵ãȥ֤죬Ҿͻġ
ô˵Ҫɣ꣬Ϊɣδġ򡱣ȻΪȥ˳ˮ顣
ƨ߶ƨ߶ģҪߣֻǲȴֻعͷ磬ǺãûǮǴ粽аҵĹʡ
Ÿ˺üԶһȣŭ㻹ҸṤʣĹʣֱֽӼ룬µϼ
һͰ͵ӣ˵𰡣磬㡭㡭ҪƳĽడ
һסĺЦһԼĪһǧǮݸӣ˵ӣɼǺˣϸµĹʣϼȥµĴС
ӽӹǮԹĿһ찡ôһȻʻϰ尡ƤǵáͲýСӦýСƤ
ȥŭ


579 ս
ȥɣ꣬ⲢΪɣ껹ڶ飬Ҫľѧϰϣףԣ׼ȷ˵ʵҪ֧ӡ
Ĳ˼˵ΰҲΪ˸ӣǳ鷳͵øϽȥˣǴӦĲ˼ģҲȥܶ಻Ҫ鷳
ֻȥ飬ͲҪһһԷΰԼҪᷳڣٲûһЩ֦ڡ
ӣһԼġװֻʲôģٲֻǳҪ鷳
Թͣɣϼ΢ʰһ£㵽ȥϰ࣬ɣҪڼ︴ϰΣ˳ɣ裬ѩ˵гģǱһӣԣû¿
˵ҪȥѩȻҪһ
ҪţԼһӿȥ룬⳵ӷڳüˣŻ֮£ֻøѩ˳ȥ⳵
ǡãɣϼÿȥϰ࣬Ҳǳģǣ˵˵ЦЦһ⳵ֱȵԷȥҷΰҲ˳·
ڳ⳵ϣţ統һˣȥһԼӡ
ıȽ磬ϵĹ˶ûϰ࣬˿а¾װϵţ統̣̲סһ󼤶
ڵţ統̣ԭһ뻹࣬һ¥ĸ棬ͳһĿӵĲ֣лҡֿ⡢гϴּ֮ʩװҲʮֺԲߵ档
ҪǣڵǾӼҺͿƣԷһ¥סˣ¥ģ滹¥˿ΪͷԵʱֿʹã˵ǼƯʵõơ
Ǹˣ⴦ҵȻԼһֱûĹעž򡱵ȷǾĵڴ졣
ţ統̶ʮӣųֵԷҲû·˱㲻ͽȥ
ոߵֽֿڣһγǿ켲ĴӼǰ˹ȥƳһ۳ˣ̲סһ档
ǸˣúϤֻϧǣֵС̯࣬Ҳôӵ⳵һգ֮䣬Ϳ˹ȥûܿǸ˭
¶ɫѩһԺǹеʵôˣ
ҡҡͷһˣϧû˭
ɣϼЦļҾˣ㻹֪˭񡭡۾̫˰ɣϵˣ
ЦЦֻǸоú죬ǳӿô죬ͻȻ֮͹ȥˣû˭ѡ
ѩɣϼҲر⣬ֻһЦ֮
ֻû뵽ǣ˵ԷſڣɣϼȴǾϲѣѩȴֹ
ԭոˣȻǸԼϻˡ
һǰһ§ЦСüһˣ
ҲüЦĽһش磡
һ֮ſЦ˵ôҽȥ̸̸
æǰ·Էˣżëӣڴɨ
û濴һˣһԷǰ̲סһϣѾûٿŵĵطˣ鱦棬ҲĿ
Ϊ۵ǣռ֮Ļ棬ڷŵģߡС͸ֵεƷ˵Ҳټ֮࣬ңÿһƷıǩ˼Ǯ
ЩӺͻԴӹۣһҵԴģԣżơ
ûϱǩģЩΪ۸붼ģˮֵȻҲһ㣬Բʵ۵ϱǩ
Էһ鱦ģƣҪ鹦۸ɣϼŬ
ຮѣһôĻ˵ҪҪţԸܱܵϣȥЦЦЩмңһõĶͻԣţҲǰ״ڿʱ򣬶Աߵ˵ġ
ȥԹԵĿ棬һıۣһֻԼʮҵִͨаָʮԪ۸ڳЩ濴ͬƷļ۸񣬵˴ԼʮǮҡ
ɵתͷ۸ɣϼˣǮôߣóȥ
ۺǺǵЦʵϣǮͭǣܱߵ͵ˣһ㶼ٰʮˣپʮңƽǵļ۸񣬶˽ʮ飬ңͨߣԣǳŸողġǺǡ
мĴж٣׬ģ׬ģǶǼʮϰǧڣ鼸ʮĶȥһһʵļ㣬˵ЩĲ棬ȫӵģԣİٿǮж۸ɣϼˡ
ɣϼЦЦ˵һ£һëϵļǮǸһǧ嵽һǧˣ۳СʦǱߵļӹãԼ˰ѣһëϵļӹϵȵȣɱԼǧңж㻹Լȥɡ
һɣϼô˵ɵզ಻ѣҲ˵ڻϣЩƷĻŲǧ飬ǽʮ˵һöָʮ飬󣬺ǺǣֲɣϼǶֱӰЩǩ
һԻЦ˵ֻмССһ׬ǮģʵЩСߵĻǺǣС㿴ߵ
˳ָķŵط˹ȥǱߵĻϣһɫˮͷʮ㡢ɫʾѵиߵңһԭϰڷڻϡ
Щ䣬ܿ۵ϼƷͨҲѾѵһĺöˡ
Щ棬󲿷ֵĻϣǰڷųƷôôûԭϰڷ棿
Ц˵ģЩ˿أʵԳƷ䱧żĽģֺǱҩˮݹģֺ覴áٵȵ֮ģҾֱӿԭϣĿԭϣȻֱӵСʦǱȥӹۿԼҪĶһһĳΪƷ
ԴЦм䣬ڼ۸ͬɣ
ɣϼЦǵȻˣǶƣͨڼ۸ϣȻһЩ죬ҲҲڰٷ֮嵽ʮ֮ѡ
һٷ֮嵽ʮ֮䣬ɣϼ˵ĵǺɣһˮ䣬ǵöǮٷ֮嵽ʮļ۸񸡶ǶһǮ
˺һƬ̣Ц˵ҺλûȥҪȻⶼûˡ
ɣϼԳԵЦ⻹ã뵽ң˱ˣߺߡ
ЦţŮӣһǶ꣬һȴֻʮ߰꣬ǶʮŮӣƳһѩˣֱӶ۽еϰ壬ǵĶ׹õġ
ʮ߰ŮӺǶʮŮӣ˵ɩɩǲ˰ɡ
ǹɩɩɩС׹
ֻСô˵ţ۾ȴŹ̨棬ԴҲתȥ


580 רǰ
Ǻεȵӹ̨帱׹ڷڹ̨ϣЦе˵λ⼸׹¿ģǮҲǲȿ˵
帱׹ʵ֮ͬ⣬ȴһһǴǶɫˮ飬Ϊӻ䣬Ϊ¡崿⣬е͸ȲBϼѼ𣬶Ǯȴ󣬱۲žǧ˰ٰʮ顣
⼸Ͳһ֮⣬۸ȴһġ
λ곤Ĺתͷ˿СӣЦʵ⼸ôûУ
СӿǱƣҧ촽˰Σ˵̫ˣҵģżٿǮء
ѩһ⻰΢΢ЦЦСԵľǸУ׹ط۸Ҳóһ򣬼ٿģУǿ϶ǴƷ߼ٻ
ϵ飬кҲ廰
ʱɣϼ裬ǹɩˣЦ˵СãһּǮһֻ˿ʽ֮⣬ҲоԱ֤ģ㿴ЩǶ۵ģʵʲôģǶǱעú
ĵطҲһʲôֵģСƲƲ죬м˵
ЦЦִӹ̨óԸɰĶ׹ǰǼԶ׹ڷһȻЦЦָŸɰֵĶ׹˵о仰²ʶ»Ȼλ뿴ֶ׹ǵۼǾʮˣλϸıȽһ¡
λɩӶȻЩʶóǼͨĶ׹ûһֱۣ˵̳棬ֵεĶ׹۶һϣȴֻǧ࣬ɱ˵ﳡʲôģý˰ɡ
ͬƷʵڱһϣȴֻǧ࣬λɩӴӼ۸Ͼʹ˺ܴʡ
ֻЦЦ˵֪ɣ̳ǲһǽǳƷ߰ƷǣԭϵƷԼģҪ˵ĳɱֻһ㣬ܹõһЩȴ
һܼ򵥵ĵλɩӵȻܹס
ۼ˵Ҳ˰ɣǱڵķȣ̳ܶΣ۸񶼼ǷŸǣʲôԭأΪȱԴǣͲⷽ⣬ԣڼ۸ϣһ㶼̫ı䶯۸񣬻֮ǰļ۸ԣʵǼ©ġ
ֻô˵λɩɻĴǣؼǣǧǮȴطһĶϣеĵĸо
ЦЦָָЩԭϣЦ˵λʵڲĳƷѡһֿʽȻֱԭʯϣֳΪǶǾô
˵ݶˣλɩ룬˵鷳һһԭʯҿô
ۺˬתҲһԭʯǼµĶ׹һ
ɩԭʯһ׹ϸıȶ԰Σŷ
Ƕ׹٣ԭʯϣϾûȥˣԭʼ֣ٸƷϸȶԣûϵ⣬ǾܺԵĵóۡ
λɩȷ˶׹û覴á֮⣬תͷС˵׹ȷûʲô⣬㿴ʽ
СӺ˵̫ˣҪǧ࡭
Ц˵ͬεĻֱȱ𴦵ı£ǧ˰ٰʮ飬ѾǺܱ˵ˣҲ⼸ˣ뻹Ҫһ²ŻлңĻҲһֿʽˡ
СӺ͵ɩɩֿ˿Ǽ׹ҧ촽˵
λɩЦЦСӵ˼в׵ĵ´ӰȡһǮŵ̨ϣ˵ѡһɣ⼸ȷʺġ
Сԥ˰Σڻ̲סǸӻ͵Ķ
ǰǰ󲻹ʮӣͿˣĬĬؼһ£⸱׹˵ҲǧϣǮã
û뵽ǣλɩӸǮֻ˸룬Ȼֻ˵褽㣬㲻˵Ҫһô񡭡ҷһطȱ𴦱˺üǧģҪģ˵ֱѡ˲ϣǰżӹмٵģҸովһԷġط֣ԷԶԶԣ
λɩӲһ׮⣬Ѱæ棬˲ѡ
ûλţһЦеĹʵĶŪģ
ģĹ棬ɲֱ˵Լ͵ЦЦ˵ҴܽүǱ߽һǴǱߵġ
ԭˣǺǡöһңôֵ
ϰ֪ģϰĶֱӸ̸ǿۣ˾Ƣˬֱ
شҪ˵һ򣬾ǷĲҲ޶Ц˵
Ҳǳĸ飬οʮǮҲǲῴô˵ʵҲ⡣
Ǻǣˬ죬С鷳ҰˣЦǺǵģݸɣϼæװ
ɳϣЦָָѩʵλ˭λĲأ
ѩȻʶ𣬵һֱش硢ش硱ĽУҲ˵ش磬ǣѩ
šһǻӦѩЦŶ˵ˣλĲǺǡʲôʱϲƣ
Ĳ˼磬̲ס̾һ˵ش磬̫߿ˣĲǧС㣬ܸʵϵģ
šЩԾĿ˰β˵ˣôܣĲң˭˵ģ
ٴ΢΢̾һ˵Ҳ˻ع֮̾͸Ĳұ̬ȣֻϧǣĲҵ˿ң˸гĹӣ
üͷ˵㣿гĹӣߺߣ̰ͼȨưɣ˵۾ŵȥˣһǰ;ŮҪȴȥʲôгĹӣߺߣֻǵͷڶ
ҡҡͷ΢΢˶٣˵ش磬ǲ˵æЩʲô
ͭǣǡóԷ벻ɺϣ·ֻ˵һ£ԭרġ
Ȼҡҡͷ˵ôҰɽתһ£ûʲôջɣɽֳ˵£ԼŸϻ㡣
ɽϳˣһǴԼϻģ飬ԼȻҪ
˵ͷģԭȥʱǴ֪ģ԰ɣµĿɣͻȻһֹңҲͻȻ˲٣˵ۺ졣
£Ȼۺ죬£϶ٲ˵ģôʣֻȷһµĳ̶ȵж
Ȼ̾Ϣһ˵˶ʮˣȻʱָ򣬵ǳء
ҰɽЩԭס񣬶ǲȺӣһܹǮĻᣬȻ˵ﵽ˶ʮ˵ֱõǴϵᣬ֮ҡ


581 Ʒ滭1
ҡͷ˵һ⣬̾ȥͷӣϣܰЩȥʰһ¾棬ֻͷӰҺݺݵһ٣ҲǣǴٴһҲֻǹģļңվͷӵĽǶ˵΢һ˽桭
ݺأǰ֪صʲôزȴ޴֪ո⻰͸ŵ˼ݣ²һطϴô򵥡
ԣĬһ˵ش磬˼ֻԼȥ
˵ͷߺߵ˵ǧ⣬ǰҲͲǼëƤܸǵġ桯ȣ
ô˵΢һЩǴϾڹڣڹڵĻ۷ʲô飬¶ֲȥ
˹˵ɣǴȷվȨϲ㡢Ҫȫ߶˵ȷֻǡëƤ
ֻһҲһŵ˽⣬ֻȥֽͱƶѡ
ʲôķʵڿǱ߳⣬Ҫ⣬Ҳ޷Ǵ֣һýǮһֻ
ҪìܣƫǮȥϾµǮһ׬ģǮ׬Ҳˡ
ٴҡҡͷ˵ѾԹˣǮǽˣԷθ̫ˣһڣҪʮԪ
ʮԪҲһ𿴸ոԼɾ׬˼ǧ飬Ҫ׬ʮԪҲԺ顣
Ҳ˵ˣûܹǮƽĿˣǮڲƽǾֻõڶַ˭ȭͷӲ˭ġ
ҧ˵Ҿ˼Լ棬ͱԼ
ٴγĬԼ棬Լ⻰˵òΪԼ棬һҪ˵Ϊۣ
Щԥ𵭵ЦЦ˵֪ʴȣҪҪ룬Ҿǿ󣬲Ҳʵ˵ף飬վҵĽǶϣûֱӳˣԸҲֻܰȥˡ
˵⻰ص̾һ
ֻո˵ģףһֱѩҲĴͷͷӣͷáҪȫֱ֡վȻͷӡȫ֡Ҫ㣡
ԣԸҲֻܸŷˡ
һֱô˵ѩ룬˵ش磬ģа취Ҳȥ鴦õģҲһҪҪȥ֮̾͹ȥ
ҪԼôǴȻᣬֻ룬Ҫָ÷ܸõشﵽĿġ
ѩôһ˵Ҳ˵ͷ˵ش磬ҲãҲֻȷеżԡ
жѶȣ˵΢ƽһЩʵ
ϾҪҲȲѵģõǣǱߣȻԼոǿָҪ鷢ҲǺҲüȥߵ飬ĺҪĻȽ˲źá
ԣʲô鶼ûʣֱжѶȡ
̾һ˵ܽǰش绹ǵðɣ
𵭵һЦܽô᲻ϵãܽһЩϵء
˵ԭҲûĹϵЦ˵ȻشˣҲ
ҲǼǰܽүӵˣһҵһӣ䵽һзΰΰԭҲǵ˵棬ѺӴȴʲôҲûУֻǺȴװԣүӵ˾ͻǷΰֽš
ĶҪüͷ΢һ壬飬ϾõͲҪ˵
ֻ̾һּ˵֪˵ˣԭҲûĹϵǣһѣһҪ棬ΰȥ鷳
Ҳ̾Ϣһ˵ϧҲкЩҪȥҪȻ飬ҵԸһȥţɣҸүӴ绰Ǹʲô顣
Ȼڸʲô֤⻰˵ϣҲѾǿ԰ģǾΣʹ֮ܽ󣬲ܵóۡ
ݹȻͬܽϵҪ˼ͬҪ˼ܽǷųɡ
ѩһ˵ͷ˵Ǿлش磡
֮仹ʲôÿģ𵭵ЦЦվһſݸɣϼ˵ˢɣûôֽ𡣡
ɣϼһ߽װõݸһЦŽӹݹп
תͷЦЦ˵ͷǱ߸˸£˵ʮ˳ȥμһֶӱĶ䣬˵ͭǴƵ꣬пչȥ
˼˼Ҷ䣬ͷݵ˼ǹţ˵ͷ϶ҲС˵ʱڶϣ϶ҪˣһȥȻܹʶٵҪ
Ǻаԣȥ
Ǹмһ⣬µͷ˵ãʮ㣬׼ʱȥƵꡣ
ǺǵЦһпֻԷ
˿ʱ䣬Ų˵㣡Ǹѩһ£ȥΰǱߵȻȥͭǴƵϡ
ʱЩڼɣϼ˸кȻȥ档
ƫʱһʮ꣬ͦͨĴ裬һֻҸ¼һεĲӣһֻǣһСк˽
һ棬̧ۿһˣʱЩʧ̾һ漴׼ת뿪
ɣϼϽǰȵʵ裬ʲôҪҰæ𣿡
Ģ́Щǵ˫ۿ˿ɣϼֿ˿̾Ϣһ˵ǵƹƺûڣģǵƹʦڣǼˡ
˼ԵΪ̫ᣬԼҪĶ϶֪࣬ⶫļֵôܸĳüǮء
ɣϼЦЦָȵ˵裬λǵϰ壬ƹʦһҲĻ΢һ£ֱӸϰ̸̸𣿡
ܲ̾˿ͷҽԺָҸϽǮȥҪȥˣܼܲͷӶһء
˵ţ̧Щ䣬˲۽ǡ
裬ܲܰҪĶҿһ˵ǸŻǮˣվ
ǴЩĽҸµǸӣݸ˵һֻͷȥϹӵģͷƽﶼòˣҪͷӵ֢ҪһǮ
˵仰ٴ̧Щ䣬ȥԭͺǻǵ۾
ʱ۸պûһ˵ֻɵһʱðһɼе


582 Ʒ滭2
Ǵ۽ǣСкȴתһ˫ںڵĴ۾ѩɣϼˣЦЦ˵̣Ǻúÿ
Ǵ˸еʱ򣬱ͯ޼ɵСһ˵ѩæСкӣ΢΢ЦСܵܣôְû
СԴѩ˵Ұְָ迪ӣײˡ̣㰡
ѩһǱʲôһ£§ǺӣǺӵһ£Ȼ˵ô磬û緹ɣԵʲô㡭
̣ϲԵǼȣϲˣǣҲԲˡ
Скôһ˵ﶼ̲סһ̲ס̾һû˸ĸĺӡ
С˧ôôûءǴһ߽Ҹµֻݸһߵͷǳ
ֻӵŴʵϣƾֻƲֻϢܿó⻭þһϺõĻ
ֻ۾Ǹû˸ĸĹ¶ﵭ˵裬Ĳ֢𣿡
Ǵ˲۽ǣӶϱ֮ͷӵĲҲûȥƹˣѾ˺ü꣬һö˶˵ļңҲϵáò׵ȵһĻᣬǡ
˵ͷȻܹóӶϱ£ǼľԴҲͶϾˣҪĸͷβ̸ף˵֢ЧƷֲ࣬ǣ˵ȱ˹壬ƷҲߵþˡ
ҪȻҲͲͷӵıǮˡ
룬Դ˵裬֪֪ƴ壬һҪٷã
ãͿҪʮ򡭡Ǵ̾һ˵
ٴε˵ͷ˵ã֪ˣ裬˵⻭ҪǮ
Ŀһ۲ӣԥ˰Σ˵ʮɣǾרҼģġ
ӣȻмʮ򣬵Ҫ۵Ļٸ飬Ҳǻġ
ӽۣתͷɣϼ˵֧ʮֽˣʮ򣬿ճģϡ
ɣϼǴ趼ſʮȴ˼Ұʮ򣬶ңɣϼǣ˼⻭Ҳֵֻʮ
Ҫʲô
Ǵôһ˵ʱ˲۽ǣȻɻĿ
˵ȱ𼱣תʲôģҪһЩʱ䣬ȵһ
˵ţתͷѩ˵ѩȴλСܵȥԵġ
Ǵ˰ΣҲѩСӳȥɻʵϰ壬ЩרҶ˵ֵʮ㡭
ЦЦתͷ˿ۡ
ʱѾ򿪣ŷŴϸؿ
ֻԽ۵ɫԽأԵģȷ漣ڼǮ˵ˣʮ򣬼ǮȻǲȥǣ漣۾ͲɵҪĽ
˺һ۲źصĶ˵һɽʯͼ
ͷҲ̧ġšһ˵ȷǱ߰ɣ˵
һ⻰۸ɣϼһĻڵмۣǰϵļֵðʮôһ漣ôᷴûаص˼
ںתϰ󣿻ÿɫ
΢ĥһ˼Ŵ󾵣ϸؿ
ɣϼҪ˴˺ţʮǮת˺ϣʱѩҲСкӻ
Скҧһʴļȣﻹһӣ˳һˡ
СкһסĲ۽ǵĴ裬㽫һļ쵽ǰ˵̡̣ģԡ
ѩｫк˹ȥ˵С˧㿴㣬ô˼ô鷳㰢أ˵лл
СкӺǹɵ˵лл壬лл壬ллүү
ɣϼõԼǮһݵ˵裬ǮѾת˻ϣٿǮ˵һ⣬պˡ
Ǵ費ŵĿɣϼԼˣԼĻԼֻҪʮϰȴ˰ʮ˻˼ٿǮˣ
ֱʱŻ˵裬ʵ⻭Ҫ˵ֵĻҲֻܸʮʮ͸βġ
˵ͷǷֵֻʮ򣡿㡭
˵ͷ˵裬ǷȷֵֻʮҲƭ裬֮ҶʮСӣû˰ְ裬϶ѣ裬Ҳһ¶͵ð
ǴʱĻ˵ǲģǷרҶ˵ֵֻʮȴ˰ʮǸ˸߼ۡ
ʱͻȻ¶ɫʵӣ㻹ǲǵ⻭λרҰżģ
ôˣǴһˮЩʵǼٵİɣ
ҡҡͷƬ̣ȴֵ˵ͷ漴ȴҡҡͷһòӡ
ߵ۸ǰһǷ漴˵壬Ҳë˰ɣ
ۻû𻰣Ǵ豧СкҲ˹ʵôǼٵģ
ۿŴ裬ҡҡͷƬ̣˵ӣ⻭˵ʵڵģò׼
ЦЦٴϸؿһ⻭˵裬⻭ǼٵģȴһƷ
ƷɣϼѩǴ裬һסˡ
˵⻰̫ˣǼٵģȴһƷⲻìô
Ҳҵıﲻ˶٣ָŻеһۺۣ˵壬ǲǾ⻰Щ֣ȴҲʲôط
ϸĿǷϵۺۣɫǺֵҡͷ˵ȷĿ
ٴε˵ۺۣ֮ۺ棬ϼȥҶһˮôһ˵Դһʧеƴ
˵ͷ˵һƴģһ
ѩɣϼ˶ʱ׹ƴ˶˵ڵټ֮ߣʵ󣬱˵ƴʵߣ滭һһĲ⿪һ漣ܹԭļǮʣ²һʱ򣬾취ͬ໭ƴա
νġƴ
ϴģƴһ滭ϲʱĿƴճһĻҲʲôϡ¡
Ļӱ˵ԭĻʹ֮ԣȻ漣ʵȴֻһƷ
Ϊʲô˵⻭Ǽٵģȴ˵һƷĵ
ʱɣϼˮҲ˹֣һֻϸëˢպˮۺˢ˼¡
ȻһΪߵĵ紵磬Żմˮĵطʱۺ۾ԶֻСǣö˵ȷһƴһƷ滭
Ǵʱˢˢ⻭ȻƷ滭ʮֵˣⲻǿô
ȴȵ˵裬ȻһƷȴȷ漣ʮҸ𣬴裬ҲҪ룬ȥѲκˣٺúõĴӡ
ţ˵ֻǽСкӷŵϣǰȥ
ϳĴ񣬸ϽСֶ˴輸䡣


583 Ųʽ1
˴֮һѳЦʵСڳҪȻˣǺǣˣ۾ԽԽˡ
ЦЦ壬ʵҪûڳܸļ۸Ҳʮ򣬶԰ɣʦܱʲôԼԿԼͼǿ϶ģ
۵˵ͷ˵һǷǲ漣ҲǸһ׼۵ģȻû˵Ǽ۸񣬵ȷҲֻʮ
ңҲ˵úеҪڳĻǾԲȥǴͷǲǵ֢ǸСкǲû˸ĸġ
Ҳ˵ҪڳĻǴȷܵõʮ򣬵һǮҲûС
̾һĵǲ˼еѣͲһеİո׮⣬ɾʵʵĿȥʮȥֻжټҵף۸ġ
뷨˵ʲôȴֻǵһЦ֮
ֻ΢΢Ƭ̣ʵСոǷƴҿǿ˰죬ҲûܿҪѣûʲôطǺǣһ۾Ϳˣôģ
ԭʱ۾֪Թ淽ЩоһӲ࣬ⷽġо״ﵽʲô̶ȣҲǺ档
һ¶һ֣ңϸ˵һ֣ƺۻһЩ۸Ҫ֪ôֵġ
ɣϼҲǺĿʱɣϼ֪úģո׮⣬ͰźܶõĶɣϼȻҲϣܽһ£ʵһԼ֪ⷽʶ;顣
ԣɣϼһڴĿ
ոǴǷʱǻϢϾͿ˳ǻʲôرмֵĶƾſϢܶ϶ֵ죬Ȼ˵ñ֪
⣬Ƿ۴֮͸ۿһαװۺ۵ʾ۵ģ¶Ҳ˵
ҵ⴦ʱԤ뵽ˣվ۵һԼģԣӦǵ˵ǣһʹ˸塣
壬ʵҲǿۺ۵ʱ򣬲뵽ģôģ⻭ǴóǾһľ𣬰ճ˵ȻǾŵĻͲܳۺۣ԰ɡ
һǡ˶٣˵Ǵ˵Ϲ̨ļᣬרҸļǮֻʮ򣬴һ˵Ҿ͹ţǲǵʱλרҾѾ˶ߣֱֲ˵Ÿô۸ġ
۴˴Ǵ˵ЩҲģʱȴûȥƽ¶
˵ǲȥô˵ģ˵ǲμӹ̨ļᣬ˵øʹݵĹݳģԼҲȥ棬ⲻ˭˭⣬һ̬ȡ
Լǳ뷹ˣȻܱ˵ʲôʲôԼԼܿʲôǲҪ̬ȣ
˵ɣȻǳԣӸϻشɣϼɻ󣬻رֻܿεĶ
⵹˵ЩӸĶҲ֪˵Ҳ˵
ֻ˵ɣҲԻ۸ɣϼһһ㶵̾ѣ˶˵ʱһϸڣǴӹֻû򿪿һۣ͸迪ʼ̸ǮˣԸ񣬸Ͳֻ˴˵רҼˣͻȥģ
豭һڲ裬ЦЦҪʯӹǱߵ飬ĵλ˿ͽӡ
λ˿ͣһʮ߰ӣЩʱеķͣȻǺܾöûȥˣһ˫ﲼѪ˿ۿȴڵèһţ¶һڻƻƵݲ˵ԶŵһѬ˵ζϵġӡͦԵĿóϵնЩ΢΢⡣
ƫƫһţͬһŮӣԭѪ۾ɣϼѩˣͲϰĿŲҲһһ²סĻţڰﲻס̿ˮ
ֻʲôˣɣϼվ΢Цӭȥֺʵλ磬ʲôҪҰæĵط𣿡
һڿˮ۾ббһɣϼزЦе˵ӣãչӵ⣬Ǻǡ
һ˵ǹζѬɣϼϽ΢΢ͷŤһЩòĻص磬ҪֵĻ뵽ʦǱߣǿǵĲƷ뵽
͸ź޲üɣϼ§ڻɫòưһͣ˵ӣͼŶҴģ峯ʹġ
ӣ˰Σվ˵磬óô
ǿɣϼϰĿŲϣһϵͷϵԼסӡҪö࣬ʱ¶һ⣺ӴǣСֵܣӵİɡ
ѩ΢΢һЦ˵ǵûʲôģһݣҵǰͲá
ӵ۾һӵɵñȼɱ˵
һЦ˵ϰ壬ҪʲôԸ˵
Ӵһţ漸е˶ûôøУôһ˵Ȼף׮⣬Ҫ
Ӻǲмתͷ˵ƹģŶССϰܿó𣿡
ۡٺ١һЦʲôҲóǿ֪ʲô԰ɣǺöϰҲ϶һܹļǮġ
Ӵ´ͳһ黳յǰǸ߰˵һģʿŲʻĽǡ
ЦЦӵĻͷʵҪǮ
۾ۣ˵ʮʮ׬϶ʮ򣡡
ЦЦｫǿ黳˹΢һۣ˵һ壬ڻϴո
㡭ԭͺڵһǺڵ÷֪㲻ʶһ壬ж٣ңҶҪ
ǺǡЦЦϣ˵磬ǽǷŲʲȣǣǶƽģҲᶯҲһ黵Σⲻǲᶯоӡ
һŭ˵˵˵˵ʽߣһҿ
ЦЦ˵ҪǴģ˵⻳϶оӣǣһǣջȥһΣ
һôһ˵۾һ΢΢ĥһ£ԼҲǸողŴӼ﷭ģ浽׻᲻оӣԼҲû׶
һоӣԾֵһһŲʶƽĿտӣôҲֵһ
˵ϵģϰɸһȥô˵Լ׬ˡ
ӺǶĵģȴ˵һоӣԼһһ򰡣


584 Ųʽ2
ӳƬ̣˵ãҸģһоӳ֮⣬κǶ䣡ҲҴӦ
ӵԽҲתÿ죬ϵоӣǻһ飬ԼɶԿؼǣڰѻͷҪӮֻоӣ֮⣬оӣκһһ򣬾͵ˡ
˵ţתɣϼѩ֣˵λã֤ӮˣȥԷ
ѩЦ棬ȴһĶ⣬˵һǮȥԷ񡭡ҵúúõʲôطķˣҪȻһٷѶԵˡ
ѩôһ˵ɣϼ̲סݸѩֱڳӵ
Ҳһ죬˰Σ˵һ鶼벻һ٣Ϊʲôˡ
ѩ񡱵Цһ˵ҪҳԷɣҲҲߣ˵ǼƵ꣬Щ·ߴŵС͹ʲôģܲ˼ɣһľƵ꣬һٷɣǧ˰ٵģҲϡ棬𣿡
ͷʲô˼ۣǲҵһ飬ҪֻǳԱǵҲˣëǮһİͷ˶˼Ǯ
Ҫ˵Ƶȥܣǿɻ治˵򵥵ĵƣʲôһǮҲʣ¶ˣѩ˵ǧ˰ٿ飬Ǿֻ˵
˭֪ѩ˵˼극еʲôĿ翴ӰʲôһգȻȥ䷿Ǻǣûһ£ʱ㶵¼Ӷ
ѩġȰ磬ͷʲô¶Ǯ㻹ʵʵǮٳѧװưɣҪȻһ۾Ϳóֻһӡ
㡭ӱѩǺò˹ȥʵû뵽⿴ޱȵѩ˵Ȼô
ɣϼ㶼ͣӲסĶﲻסķ졣
һͷߣתͷŭôŮˣˡ
ǺǵЦ˼˵ôˣյ
ˡһѩˣһŭ⣬ǿһЦ˵ֲãֲãôţԭǹˡ
˵ţתͷôżΪ¡صͭǿѩ˵Hellomy name is Nv haiMay I have your nameplease
ԭֻŪһԼӢʵ벻ǣڳļˣֻ˵ȽƽӢ֮⣬ɣϼˮ׼ߡ
ЦЦ÷ǳʽӢЦ˵磬Ӣˮ׼Ǳ˵ȥˣҪȻҶöˣ
ɣϼҲúܱ׼Ӣ˵̸ɣƽЩû飬Ҳûʲôô
ѩЦӢֲ֪ǡŮǡӣ㻹ǲҪ¶ˣҶø˵ܶˣ
һǲ֪ǽСŮǡӣһһף
ѩԼɣϼ˵ģһ䶼ûǹֲ˼ң˼Ӣ˵ģԼŨصͭǿ˵˵ýͰ͵ġ
֮£ֻøϽú˵˵ˣϰ壬ǴǸģ𣿡
ЦЦӢ˵һ䣺˵Ļ㻹ʲôҪ󣬾˵
ԴֻۣĿװãԼһ䣬˼ҾͿӵģԼβˡ
ӸûЦЦָͭǱػ˵磬˵˵ǵĶԼȻЧֻҪҪǽĶϵģ䣬ϣҲҪڲźã
ͷǵȻǵȻ
Լװƣ˸ҪӮһѣҲһӣؼǣһԼỊ̇ʱ򣬿ô˵
Ȼ壬æĹùλԼ˵ͷ˵
һ˵ҪɣϼһЦǲǿеˣһ򰡣һҪˣʵʵ
ֻѩȴôϳЦ⡣
಻Ϊ֪ȻҸ֪СŮǡ˴ģ϶û׼ġ
ܵ˵֪ǽСŮǡЩӣҪֵһˣˣֻѩҲ֪ĺ«ﵽʲôҩѩȻҪĺϷ
Щ粻Ŀ˵ҿɲῪԼɣ
۵ݹĿĹ߽˹ַŵǰЦ˵ҿⲻǸ׵ĻΪ˹ƽʦһ߽㣬ԼĻҶû׵Ļᣬ𣿡
΢һǡһǮķϣҧ𿪱Ĺߣʵô
ʦƽҲһЩǰģжʲôģȻڻ£ǽӲжǣҲ顣
ʱӾͽǲ𿪣ֻϰһ㣬Ȼˣȴ̾ͽƿǷĹߣһ˻һְڱϣģŻģһ˿һ˿Ų˺þãͻȻáĽ
Ųһϸı棬Щ¶һ˿ɫƻƵģҫۣö˵棬϶ǽˣңпǻƽ
ǺǡӮˡ˷ܲѣ˵ţֽǵ϶ŲôһЩȷһ£Žȫ򿪣ŵ̨ϡ
һ̣۸ɣϼ˿ű¶ƲӲӵɫﶼ͵һˣˣ
һ򡭡һ򡭡ǸӸ˵÷˷Ƶת˼תһŵƵϥڵϣһ˫Լһ£Ȼ˫У״ߺлϵۡлʥĸǣǮˡ
ӣֻǵЦЦһưˮ£ȷǾǽ
˵÷裬ںǸӣɵһ˺һƬ̣תͷ㶵˵桭棬ǽģǻƽģ㣬㻹ʲô˵
ǲǽģôһղ֪ˣһ˫֣Ц˵
⡭һҪôգ
΢Цţû𻰣΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
Ҫջô졭ųڣʶЩûҪջˣǾ˵ǽǻƽջˣԼ£ջ˻ô졣
鵽һҲûʲô·ˣֻܲ˵ǽ͹ԹԵһǮԼɣҪܹԹԵǮ͵֤ЩӲӵĶĵȷȷǽ
ۻҪȥһǳ̵ˣȻŴοҲȥû¶ȸߵǹʲôģ£Լϵ


585 úڰ
Ļ棬ǽӲӵƬ̣ǽӲӵ棬㱻ѬһڣõǣЩӲӵȴû˿Ρ
ԭŲѵӣϲϨ˴תͷһӮҵ̬ɨһѩɣϼŮŶ˵ϰ壬Ӯˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ٺúõĿɣӮ˵ˣҲ㲻
ӻعͷһNɪģǿ׼͵ǰ˭Ӯˡ
˭֪Ӹոǣ㲻ۡĽһ
ڲ̨ϣ͵ķžһڲ̨ϹһȦ漴ͣ
һ漴˵̨ϣ۾ɵ˺һžϲĽеûΡϵġ
ֻǸոһ䵽̨ϵʱ򣬷ڲϵ֮ڳˣҪ˵ӡ۵ˣýԶѩɣϼҲһ
ԲǽǱȽϼӲʻᷢ
Ȼóո£ּææȥһֻϣһɲǣӵϣһӱҡ
Ҫ˵ûнֳظУǱѬڵĵطָǲ̣¶ģҲǰһ顣
һŶƽϣ
ˡˡȻ䣬һߣģʱôôùʲôʲôʲôʲô⡭ⲻƽ
ȴЦ˵磬֪ǼٵģɸһǮ⻹ƽô
һǮһǮҶӱȴû˵ȥˣһǮȻǽҵģܻǲ˵Ķˡ
ϼһǮǺǣֻſǣŵȥɣո
ɣϼǼܲģǴ׮ģˢõתˣС⣬Ȼֳ㡣
ɣϼһûİԪƱ͵ǰ΢΢һЦ˵磬ǽ׵ֽúˡ
ӴĿһǮԼһŵݣôҲ벻ףԼƻʮģôͲ׵ֻһء
ǳ˰ɣǴʲôطôҲ벻ס
ԥ˰ΣӲץһǮ׼ŻؿڴֻٵǮ˿ڴȴͻȻʲôƵģڳһֻӿ㶵һǮ
ǮģʮĳƱ֤֮ĿƬ֮⣬ϾҲûĶˡ
ʱЦЦ˵磬ܲܰһǮȥʲôģʡÿһôȥһĶһѵëƱӣ
ҲûǮӿɥ˵ǮͲǮô
ЦЦ˵ɲô˵ģëǮòţһѣռطҲˡ
ӼִҪԼǮ°ѼʮĻмʮȫ˳˵һһʮ飬ٿ飬Ҿͻ㡣
ǲҪɣ磬Ҿͻһ壬ͻǮҲ˼ҪʮѶ԰ɡЦе˵
һֱĬۡѩˣͻȻ֮ʲôƵģﶼһ˿ɫڸӽ̸ҲͲö˵ʲô
ԥһ̵ִƨϵĿڴһʮĳƱڹ̨֮ϣ˵ٶʮ飬ʮ顣
Ǯȥʮ飬̾һ˵磬ô۸ոҲǮģ԰ɣٶʮ飬ٿ飬ĻոĻҲһüǮǧŰ˰ٰˣþ÷
һʱתŭΪϲЩɢǮǰһƣЦ˵ʶ࣬ڲʣʮǮǸĺǺǡþ÷ôôþ÷
ǮǮݸӣǿĹάһ䣺磬Ӯǧ˰ģɱСһٿͰ
ӵĴ˸ڣЦеתȥáһ̣Ӿǧ˰ĸ̣ƯŮҪж١ɨѩɣϼһۣȻҡҡڰڵĳӡ
˽֮۲ƱŻϣ
ţ˭ҪĻҲһǧǮһһŵŻļųƱЦе˵
ǲҪüǧȥɣϼȻ֪϶ʲôˡ£ֲ֪ǵʲô£Բס˵
Ψѩ˰Σ˵һúڰ
Це˵㻹˵һʱ䣬Ǳɹú˲٣⻹ȫΪ㰡
ѩ˵ڣɲ˵Ƥڣ˵ĺڣ˵ǲǷ˴Ʊ
ƱѩĻһڣƽĳﶪһʯͷɣϼ˶ɵü
ƱøҿȲҪƱó
۵ʦҲһ꣬Ʊ˵ҲΣֻ֤ǼٵģĴƱ۾ûۿ̫ϡˡ
Ϊκһֱִ֣ҵɻӡˢϸСһЩӶӡˢȻ˹߻ĵڶμųڳǧڵֽһӲзôʮʮĴʵ֮ѣӶЩӡˢСҾŴһг
׻˵ԽϡٵԽõҲһΪղؽһղˣһЩʮϰ
ҲĴƱмߵղؼֵҲһЩĴң˵ֵãͼҵߵ֮ĴƱ֪Ǹǲܵ£ΪӡӡˢƱʱʹõĸģһ壬ԣӡƹУܳ־ֲûߵ⡣
ۼģ֣˵ӦǸӣһŴƱȻҪ١
ЦЦֽŴƱݸۣ·ǼֻʮϰĴƱҲֻһֽƵġ
ŴƱŵӫ棬ŷŽȥ۱㷢֣ʮԪĴƱ߳µңˮӡͷ棬һǳͬˮӡûӡġ50⡰50Щģңλüˮӡͷ򦴦
һŴƱСôֵģ֮£ŴƱٴɻʵ
ЦЦʵģǼһһע⵽ûУǮƨɿڴð˰أҲżǮ񲻴ԾҲʮ飬ԾҪǺǡû뵽ּ˸©
ô˵Ҳֻп˵仰
ǼһΪԼѾӮһʱ򣬵ȷһ󣬵ʱԼҲֻǲмĿǼһ̬ٳıݣǿڴǮ¶һأǲǴƱԼûȥע⣬龳֮£ԼҲֻûȥע⣬ûɣϼѩڳûע⣬ƫƫֻһ˷ˡ


586 ⹷ҧ1
ٺٵЦ˵ƽǾ͵ҪϸĹ۲죬Ҫ۲ϸҪһЩ⣬ץסһпץס׬ǮĻᡭ
Ҫ˵ϸ۲죬ǿ۱Ͳϸ΢֮̾硣
֮̾࣬ɣϼֻʵ壬ŴƱжļֵ
ҡҡͷ˵ĿǰƱҲûȷ飬øߵģҲϰĽף͵ģҲʮҡ
ȴƱֵǮЦ˵ϼǮͽ屣ܣɱٿ飬Ǻǣ׬ٿ顭
˵Цһۿʱ䲻̫ˣѩһ£ȥΰǱߵȻٹȥϣΪ˳·ʱȴǴ´ࡣ
ӣĽֵɽһ˳ӿ̯ϸָļٵĹѯͽ˷ԵַǷ
һΣȴû̫ȥעЩ̯һΪڵ涫ΪУҲ㲻̫ļֵ⣬ҲǸЩʱ䣬˵ѩҲǶĶ䣬Ц˵ͦ˵İʱ򣬺޲ðĸζͳˣһǿɾһӵĻˮ
֪ѩ˵ʲô飬ٺ١ĸЦ˵⻰˵ĵãõĻ࣬ǻģô𣿡
ѩƲƲ죬ĸߣһһ˵ǡŮôҪǷӦˣǲ鷳Ҳɺ㡣
һߣһҡͷԵ˵һĹһֵǮĶҲΪãǼǺңôûں
컬࣬ǿʶߺߣ֪¶ǿ˳һ˿Ըȡ֮⣬и˵˵ʲô
΢΢һѩѾͷ治һĲöԸΪȡѩΣԼǲӦ¶һָȡı£ڿɺˣһ쳣ѾͷȻȻľ뵽Ƿ档
Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ˵ȡΪʲôǲֻһħ۷ǸƶֱӴԽǣܹѰһлֱŪʧأ񲻾ǳˣ
װɣװɣ˭Ҷһ
Ҫٷܼ䣬ûԶһ˹һܻһߴš
ϸһԭȻһ
һһԼ֧˵ôôܻˣ
ӺٺٵЦ˵磬Ҵ̽ˣǸ磬סǸжĳⷿְָ裬ڹʱשͷٺ٣һɵ飬²£ô£
һѩһ˵˵İְ裬žɵĹϸɻ
Ӵ磬ӿǿˣ㶼ó磬⳵ѡ
㡭û˵Ǹô㻹Ҫ
ԭЦеһӾͿɥ磬˵ʲôǼˣ㿴һʿ𲽼۶ˣҸʸ·ʮʮģ˼һŰ˵١ǵһ⳵·ģﻹʣ¶٣˵ˣ¶ҲǳɣܲԼǮ𣿡
ӽûˣֻû˵ҪǮǰɣȥɣϼǱߣµĹˣû𡣡
ԭΪһ˵ӻ˸߲ҵɣϼǮ
û뵽ôһ˵ӾȻһӾͰԴȥԼɣϼǱߣ±˵ʣ㻨ǮҲǸܴ⡣
ֻӵͷƬ̣ͻȻ̧ͷʵ磬Ҫȥ
ҪȥĵطǷΰǱߣͲӣôһʣһ漴û˵ûҸɩȥɢɢҪҪȥݣ
֪һû£صȥɣϼһ˵ҪȥɢȻɢû׼ֻĸ깽©ĺ¶ôûԼڳء
ٺ١Ц㻹˵ȻǸɩȥɢݣðһСģ߲˵Խ
һû˵ӣһﻹ뻵Һǰɣ
Խô˵淢һЩ鷽棬۵úܣһ˵ģھȻ̹̹ȻȻĵ˵˳һЩɬҲûУ˵ٻУĻ֪
һļϣ͸ĶϣЦ磬ֻԶԶظţҪȥʲôģˣǵĺ¶ġٺ٣ȥ¶ϲʲôģҾͲ˵ˣøҿһҲ̰ģʮʮҲǿǿˡ
ҪƳһ£ѩһЦ˵߰ɣˡ
ѩôһ˵Ц磬㻹ֵܲ㿴ɩӵȲˣ㻹ĥʲô
˵ţһѣĸʹ˸ɫ
ýаɵô˸䣬һǸ밡һ
֮£ֻӵ§ûǰ濪·
ӹֵӣʵҲ̫Զţ統̳·ڣҹո䣬׾͵ˡ
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ˣУСӺܳԿͣڹϰשأҿһ£Т˳һһ֡һһ衱ȵòˡְֻ־ͲôˣϻŲ
ĥŷΰ飬ӵĆ£Ҳûôȥ
ӵġ桱û꣬˱㵽˷Ҽǰſŵӡ
벻ǣʱ򣬷ſڣվ󺺣üĿĺһ㣬ֱľʹù·˶ҪƿһЩҿӣ͸˵ȥˡ
֪Ҫû뵽ѩĵطȻǷӣӴ۾طʲôģοſڻһš
Ҳ˼󺺣̧žߣû뵽һסߵǸ󺺳ȵСֵܣʱ治ӪҵҪʲô⣬鷳㵽ȥ
̧ۿ˿󺺣òһ䣺λ磬Ҳʲôģһѵġ
ұߵǸ󺺵һۣĺȵûʲôѣǸϽ߿գõʱڶ
󣬼Ҫǰһ£ὫƵһߣǰһ΢΢һЦ˵λҲˣҲֱ˵ҽܽүӣҪڣκܺҲС
󺺾һ漴ߵǴֳʵǸʲôģ
ǸʲôĲҪүҲеϵκܺҲ͸һζѡ˵
ֶһۣұǸɶݺݵ˵˵ϻû˵ʲôܽҲûʲôκܺ߿
ǺһЦ˵λ磬ûܽκܺλͷ˽г˵Ҫ
ϵļ˲䶶һ£໥һۣԡ֣˲ǺİûˣԲʶ


587 ⹷ҧ2
ںٺٵЦǰλǴҵĶ磬ô׹ɣ㣬֪˭𣿡
Ϊ̾Ҫȵ˵ӣãҲᵭһ˭
û뵽󺺸ûһֻóԽ˵һ仰Ƭֶ̣΢΢˵ͷ˵Խȥ˱档
һӱеǶӣŲҡ
ӵĻ˵ҲãӣѩǾҼӣȽȥ
ŽŽŽе磬СĵҪǸиʲôԾǷźţ̾ͳȥ
ѩҲеţŲǵܵʲô⣬ñѹͰӷˡ
ѩŵǣΣһϵĽⷽ棬Ϊ֮У㲻ãпܻ᲻ƳɱҪȥΰѩֵõģȻֵãƢ˭Ҳ˵׼᲻ȥɣѩеš
תͷԴ󺰴е˵˾䣺ˣֲȥԵףģǻܰô
˵꣬Ťͷ˷ӡ
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棬ڹ̨ɳϣɫ࣬ǺĿŴģɳϵһװӡ
Ͳ󣬲Ҳʮңһ̣ббԵúǿֲֻһɫıģ¶ļ粲ظϣ˴ǼҲ򰾢ţһһԵر𷢴ԼŦԼǸ˲࣬һ˫۾װͰ͵ĿŸոս
һ֪һһǵĴͷ
ŵǷΰûΰȻͬĲ˼˵ΰ˲٣ͷ϶˴ƬİͷһҲûȥ鶯ʱҲúǴ͡
һԭϣܹε뺮˪˵ʲô
ǵҲǳȵܵʲ
ķΰᶯ˶ȴû˵仰ֻǴ͵¶һɱ˵ĺ⡣
ЦЦֱӵ˵Ĳ˼ңҹȻôãţλգ
һ˫۾ѰһὫһĶһ㣬˺һų˵ٷϻ˵ô飿
ȣŪǵĿģ˵˵ǵҪõʲô⵶Ҳٸʲôڡ
һ˵÷ΰѺĶУǷǵʡ
û˵꣬ŭǶҵĶȫȥˣʲôʣ
ЩǷǵʮ֮һݺݵ˵
ԭЩĿĻȻȥģǱȥˣ̾Ϣһ
磬ܲҸطл˵ЦЦ˵
л˵ƨͷţﵢҵĹ򡣡˵
磬ϣЩֻģһٶ⵶ǳ⣬ҲͲסͷǹɻת˵
ٴϸĴһǰֱЩĴкһɷڹ̨ķ˸ΰֶ̲ס˸䡣
ֻȻļ˵ڸ·һתܽүӣӵ飬лһǣˣڶˣ
ǵ붼û룬硱һڸֻĲ輸ϣһǸֻ輸ʱѿ˺ü飬⵶ϵ֮
ߺߣ붯ǰɣöЩҲ˵
Ȼ֪ӦĲ˼Լģۿûеģ¶һ˿ֻ飬ԭΪ𣬲˵Ĳʡ
ΰ˶̲ס伷˼Ψֱ꼰˳һ㡣
ƫƫʱ󺺣춯ҲڵĴ˽ңһվλãνΧס
վ󣬵Щ⣬ЦЦ˵֪үЩ飬֮ûȥ鷳ҲǿϣҪȻһʰҪʶģϸҹ򣬺ߺߡ
ֲԼǱһֱƽ£ǰЩ֣⵶ôһ˵˹⵶ԼһǺǡ
ȴԸ飬Լ棬ҪԼ֤ʮٱĻȥֱһ趼ʶ
˵һ飬Ҳһ飬ڸ·һתܽүӣӵ飬лһǣˣڶˣ
ǵҧָЩ˵ĺʲôĶӣӽҲһ
δ䣬Ѿˣһֻײȭͷһ͵ǰ
ֻ⵶ȭٶȣԼȭȣֱ͸СӲ࣬ó棬Ҹû
һȭȻü磬㻹˴󲿷ֺ󾢣ĿҲҪλӦܽйġ
ֻ΢΢һЦûܵ˼һͦΨֵһȭУء
⵶Ӿģһһʽ˵໥ԭҲֱӽһŵһڵϱơ
ܽͬķϣرյҪȥմۺôܵ˵ܽǰһֱӳֵĻһ֡
Լܽеϵ˵ҲŵŽ飬ȻͲܹ»
ɷĵһԲϣƣȴ϶ԸģԼб£Ȼһȶ֣Ǿ͵ȸһɫơ
磡һȭʵʵĴؿϣһ
ԼһȭҲͲҪǴͨϣֱܹӴĺϺüʹȫĻԽ˵عǴѿֱιȥݿˡ
һȭҲֻҪܱÿҲˣϾܽй֮⣬Ҳǳʲô
õû뵽ǣûһﾹȻ㲻ܣͦţԼһȭԼʵʵһȭؿڡ
һգۼ䣬Ｘؿڵ˳ȥ龰ֻ龰ûüȥһɹĴʹ˲ռ˵ʶռ䣬õ֪ɾʹԴʲôط
ŵŤ˵ҿԭçײڣ̸ʧԺҲ֣
վ󺺣Ȼ֪ʲô飬ֻ໥һۣﰵɻ󣬵ôˣ


588 ŵ
ۿ򣬷·һ˿Ц⣬һ˿Ц⣬ܿͱȴˡ
ΰһڽĮ쳣ĿȴزסһĨͺ⣬·񷽼ΰɫΰҲû
Ƭ̣šһ˳ͬǺ֧ҲĴȥ
ҽУĺˮҲͷϹ
̡㡭ôˡ󺺣һԽ˵ߣȥ
ҵ֡ˡͷ󺹣һŤ۾϶˵
ôܣ󺺶һۣŵֹղŵΣۿġ
һȭؿϣ˵Ĺƣᵹɳȥüû뵽û£Լֵˣôܣ
Ҫ֪һȭҪǰľ壬ҲܴϵģɲǴţ˶ۿġ
ôȭͷϣȻֱ۶öˣôܣ
󺺽֮ĿﴧĥţҪҪﵶǿ󺺵ԴҲʼðˮ
ʱ˽ӣһӣǷʲô£ɵúٺٵЦ˵үӸκܺû˵ڹôմʮ˵֡ҪҪٳĽʮơ߹ʮ˽šԲۡ
󺺵Ȼմʮ˵ʮ֮ഫ˵еڼҹΪ̫ˣǴͿʼҲʮ꣬ңǼһ岻Ŷĵ˭˭š
ΨһĿܾȷ˵ϣӦؿװ˸ְ֮ģҪȻûӽˡ
ԣôһУ󺺷óһۣҲӣֻû˵ô˵ҲŷĶѡ
ЦЦ˵λˣڿˣǵøү˵һپΰпյĻһһĽ͵ġ
̸Ц磬ǱߵķΰڻعԹתͷȥ˽
ڷΰӦ˺ǼǶԭӦԼġ
ȴҡҡͷһĮĿһʾⷽΰߴ˵ĶԶԶﲻոձֵ棬˵ӦƾǺĶҲ˵һ
ΰŷˣһļʺͷߺޣһ죬ߵĶԼʮٱ³
Ҳ¶һᶨ񣬻Ӧΰ
ʱ󺺷ʹÿҪιȥĵȲôˣֲָһʱ֮վ
ѩߵǰ˵ԭˣԭҲö֣ˣǻǸϽҽԺɡ
ѩôһ˵γѣҪﵢȥ⵶ɾͿҪŲȥˣ˵ܽԭнҪ֣οڣзԼ˾һǰҲδֵô
ԣѩĻһ˵ֱ꣬ӼŵŶȥ
ں治ͣشУס˰һҪүһ˵⵶ֵܣһȭҶϣԼִˡ
󺺼ŵĶӣ㻹ȥӵĴ󺰴С
ߵһˣ֣תͷȥڽķΰҡҡͷ˵ѧĲ˼ˣҹģûµĻǾˡ
ȷΰһЦ˵ѽǼΰ簡ôŪ˰㿴⼦Ƥ׷ģʮˣǺǡӲ˰
ӡӵĻͷȻĲ˼֮Уΰ鷳ģôи飬һﻹޣôһ˵ǹЦƵġ
ƫƫʱ򣬷ΰֶ˼֮漴վߵǰһ֣һֻ֣һߵ˵ܣζ˿㣬Ĵ£ҷΰû
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΢΢̾һĲ˼ԷΰνΰܹȥĲ˼һԼҲ㽻һ£˵ΰܹת⣬ԺԼҲûô鷳ˡ
ʱʱֻŵֺǳԾķˣڴӹ̨˳һֱߵǰſЦţȴе˵Сӣ㣬Ƿңм
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һק˵£ҵȻ£飬˵
˵ͲҪ˵˰գ֪˵Ҫ˵飬Ҳֻзһó
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˻û˵꣬κеקһһЦ磬ŵ⣬ʱҲþڱ壬ٺ٣ô
һ߰ư͵ߣһ˵壬ˣ飬Ҳôȥǡٶ࣬Ӧ
˳ӣ˲תԴʷΰΰǣֻΪĲ˼Ѿͷ
ΰ΢΢˵ͷԭҲǵĿģ㿴ԥľ;ܾҪ˵ƢҲ˼֣һ˵֮Σ
ǽô죿ʹϧĿյĻܣϳֵ鷳ԭսӣôˣʵڲĵúܡ
ΰҲ̾һʵǱ߻öǮ
ҡҡͷʮ򣡡
ҵȥĲ˼
ȷҪôȥüͷʵ
ҲΨһᣡ


589 ̽
קţ˷ӣٺٵЦʵ磬һˣΪһǵ°ɣҪعֹȥ
˼֪ģȥֹ䣬ӻָԼȥС©һϵġѹԼӦҪȥͭǴƵϡ
ЦеĿӣ˵ӣǼ⼸µĽ𡢷ֺʲôģ˵㻨һӣʮܹ˰ɣôǮ
˵磬һ˲֪һ˵Ŀദ㿴ǡɩӣǿɶǴ˼ҳĺӣǮֶΣ˵ˣ㿴ΪɩӣǸ󷽣ڼʮڣÿͷһµġ
ѩһӣúõ˵ֳˣ
ӸϽЦ˵ֻǴȷȷô˵ɣ㿴ҪùϵҪͽϼиĸҲƲһ߰ɣǮĸˮƵģһ٣Ͼȥһǧһضϲһض
˺ˣлĻҺúõİܿ˰ɣڣشͭǴƵ꣬˵Ҫμһ䣬ҹȥʶʶЩԺҪˣڰǣȥȥ
һ˵ͭǴƵμӶ䣬ӵĿˮһ˳ϽüЦʵش磬ʲôʱģ˭鰡
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ӡŶһַ߷߲ƽ˭˭Ҵ⣿òͷǰɣ֪ǿжĹɷݡ
ֹסӺȥ˵ҪôҲûеķȥش֮Բߡ
ӵ˵ͷһѣǴܹҶĳƱ˼Ҵ⣬ⲻҪԼĲԴôӻָȢӹأע⣬ǿ벻̣
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һߺҪȡԼĲ·ˣһ֮£˳⳵Ҫѩͽȥ
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˿ʱ䣬ԤϵʱҲһСʱҲֻӣ³һQ
˳֮ҲЩңһͷͣ͵ĳƻ˷ѵСʱҲ˵һ
ѡһĵ·ֻҪСʱҲܹԣҲżһ߸ѩһûһķɧһڵĸ·
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һЩԼһҲʶҲûһ֪ʲôĿģľǣϣżһ
ҪһˣҲûʲôµģ߻ѩˣһϾûʲôһչ˲ܣŪʲôӣҲ˵һġ
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ֻǸһڴϵˣһ˺üȻһƨڵϣһ˫ְűһŵĴȣҽ
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ԣѩ˾Ա֮⣬ҲͲȥʩչЩʹ²С֡
ֻһΧѩˣΪѩֲҪѵѵһŮӣӦǴ´࣬ң۾Ҳ֣ΧЩˣֱҲ̶ãǸѩһ𣬰ȫöࡣ
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ððʧʧİһᣬҺֵÿ죬׷ӵļһһŵڵأĻʮˣۿͷŵ˽һˣµЩ˲ɵԥ
Щ΢ԥһɲǼ䣬̳ȥѩ
һ̣µЩ￴һ˲ľ󡪡ʵȸոҪֲö࣬˵ղֻһͷηϻһ̣±һͷʨҲҪֲöࡣ
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µʮ˻عѩѾվһ𣬶ΧѩˣѾȫһ𣬱˽ŵ£
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һ߰˸Ϣȫޡÿԭѹһʯͷӣٶһţ̾һɽһѹϲˣһɽѹһ£Ͼͻ˵ģ


590 
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Ե޹ʸˣһΪ˽پΪǮƣŰ˵ӣΪǮƵԭ϶νĽ
һ㣬ﻹ׵ģҲãʡԼ˼ȥ׷Щ˵ʲôĿġ
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Ǻһԥӿɾ̲סһǻŭ𣬼˸ӣ˳ùָǺӣ꣬˻𣿿Ҷ˵Ļȥ
ոԼððʧʧĴ˳ȥϿûٱЩһʹ飬ڣĻᣬˣ
ǺӴ˸䣬͵͵ƳһһȴǲмúܣӵĸһȦҪԵܵĻ治̲ˡ
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һ£ýĺֱӹˣ˳־סͷӲĴ˶˳
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ڣµĵȫԼһһԼҪԺֵ˭Լʣ
ԣ类˳Ҳֻʣһһ¶һƨɵĿãҲɸ߰ͦظԴ
磿˵˵˭ģʲôĿģĿ⣬ڹƨɵƲͣƺڿĸλһЩ
Ȼ߰ǱʨӽǰţܿľսĻҪ˰
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ǰ绹رǿӲ뵽ûٿڣԸͲһ㣬Լ֪һУ˵˳
νĽһĲֵ
˳ָķ˹ȥǱߣһԶ֮һ⳵ͻȻѸٵ뿪
Ѹٻһ£Լѩ˹ʱ⳵ӦһֱͣģֻԼûȥעŵģʲôˡ
ѩһֽԼʲݣȷûʲôҲɵüͷ
Ҫ̽Լ˹ǸˣϵһֽǮ¶ۼľԼ˵ĵϸĶ֣ǿ¡
һ飬ֽȷû˵ѣ˭ָʹʵĿʲôһ˻ǲ֪
ɵĿЦǮһ˾͸ֱӸ˿ɣҺԼǲʲôѪˣҪȻ鶼˵ҽҩѡ
Ц֮΢΢̾һӣЦЦ˵һΣҾͲƽˣһԺҪڼ㣬ҾͼһʰһΣҾԲһ飬Ų㡭
˶٣ִӻóһǮķɼʮ飬ǰ˻Σ˵øҩʲôģɱ˰
˵ԺһξͻʰһΣʹ⣬ģ֪ôûʲôĳޣ˭Ըȥմǰ˵Ժ󣬾ڣԼڵҪ
һһשͷһĳƱҪԼøֵҩˣûɵļ̲סۻֱת
һعӵߵԶˡ
ӺǲޣһˣûɵĴԼһ٣ȥһسӣװ׵ĸʮǮԼҲ˰ȴһҲԣֵã
ѩŵͷԹ·˵ӣһ⡭
⣬ȫˣųСֲ£ƾʲôǰ˴򣬻˼Ǯ벻ͨߺߵ˵
ѩ͵ӣԶô򵥣ˣ˹̽ǵģҪǸĻòã㿴𣿡
ãһ䡣
عͷӵ˵ڣϼٲʲô鷳˭ܱ֤ʱʱ̶̿أһǮ٣ڶʱ֮ڣϼǣǵӣκ鷳
һᵽɣϼӵĲ˵ҲǣҪԸ񶫸ᲢããЩ鷳ˣ磬ôҲǹ˰ɣٺ٣ҽҩã㿴


591 
ôһ˵ѩ˶ʱ۾һǮʲôزˣжϡ
˺һתͷʵӣ˵˵һʱ䣬㵽׻˶Ǯжٴ
ǵã񱤻ٵɽŦԼµʱԼȷûĸӶǮʱǳԡסУûԸǮһô
ٺ١ĸЦ˼˵Ҳǣϼ´˸ҪҲߣһǧ򡭡
ѩһסʧһǧҪ󻹲ߣ˵ɣϼôǮŮӣ
ҡҡͷ˵ʵϼҪ治ߣ㿴Ҫ飬ȵҪ׷ӣ԰ɣõҪ𣬼һ׵ǲǸһס
һǧ򣬲ͽֻʣ¼ˣȻǽҪǮҪǮҪǮӶҪǮҪҪҪǮҪǮ
ָͷһһʵģʧʵһǧ򣬾ôûˣ
ѩȴüͷ˵ӣһҪôǮ㶫ҪʣҪҽҩʲôģҲ°ʲŶǮ⹤ҽҩֲŶǮ
벻˵СҲⰡһǮĿһࣣ
ѩҡͷѣ飬˵ûʣ£³һҲٲеڶˡ
˵ţͻȻ˴еС
˻عͷֻκܺ˷ܵش·ߵһ˳һ߸кһ߼Ҵҵ׷
κܺˣӡʮǸƦӣҲȥôˣոշΰǱߵ飬ЩҪκܺ˹ֻͨòĽһκ塭
κܺӵһüͷվһĿκܺ
ѩȻҲ˵κܺоκཻܺκܺĸо㲻и̵ĺöУ¸䲻ȵĽһκ塭
κܺȻһɫƵĿԼȻЦеߵǰֽ§Ϊȵ˸ӵ
κܺӵκܺЦеĿѩˣС㣬Сôûˣˣôûðɣ
ѩĴлκģͦõġ
ȴֻڱ桰ߡһҲ϶κܺ˵
κ壬ɣҪ̸̸أû뵽ˣЦЦ˵
˷ΰ飬ողһˣԼ鷳κֳܺǰɵЩɣǸһˣǲκܺҪҲպüһˡ
û뵽κܺЩȵЦСҪңǺǣôɣҲҪСأǺǣﲻ˵ĵطߣȥҸ˵ĵط۸һ߳Ժȣһߺúõ̸̸
κܺ˼ԾҪȥһ٣κܺ˵ǼΪе飬κܺԼкҪ顣
˵飬Ժпն˵ɣֵˣûգ
κܺʵˣôɣ˭
Ҳ˵ͷ˵ȷشͭǴƵǣţʱҲ쵽ˣκ㡭
ҪκܺϵʽԼμǸ䣬̾ͻͷκܺ˵˵ΰߵ飬κܺȴĻͷ
ôκܺʧеˣҲҪȥͭǾƵ꣬Ǻǣһȥɡ
΢һһȥҲãÿ԰ԼҪһˡ
תһֽǣͭǴƵ꣬׿ĵط
һߣһʵκ壬ΰߵ飬үӰŵİɣ˵ʵûǸҪ翴ҵķϣŹΰһ
ΰκܺЩȵһ䣺˵ΰʲô飬㻳Ҹүڰʲôֽţ
عͷ۲һκܺɫеֵǣκܺľȣװģҲ˵ΰʱ鷳ϣκܺǺ֪
ѵĲ˼ŪˣߣԼҲ´ˣ
һԣû˵κҲʵ˵˰ɣԶĲ˵͸ոǹʱ򣬷мңߺߣҸҶ磬ǼȻкùӳˡ
飿κܺǳһŵĿ
˵ͷ˵ˣں治ԶһӱϣҲϮԷ˵һǸɵģҹţĻˣǳһ˵ģǴȥ񱤣Ҳôˡ
˵κܺ˹һȥ񱤣ȷҲֻôˣǸ˿·ӣʲô£ûܵͭ˷ˣµǼˣûܹ߳ɳĮǸδ֪ͭһƬطҫˣߣҲͷôˣǷҳ飬׷飬ҪĻκܺܽһܻ˭ȥ
ãκܺҡͷ˵СһˣҿǱ֤ΰ飬ǰϵҲûУңܽүӣҲܣ
û˵᣿˵ûܾûܣʲô֤
ڴϸĹ۲һκܺɫ;κܺҪô˵滰ûʲôϵҪôֻ˵κܺʵ̫бݵ츳ˣѻ˵峺ס
֪κܺ治츳
ܽκܺˣֻ˭ڲϵҷҵ鷳˰̽ԼĹأ
һʱ֮䣬׹ʵ벻һͷ
ûһõ˾ѾͭǴƵſڣֻʱʰ飬׼ӦҪӦĳ档
ʱڣͭǴƵſַǷƽγһһģЩӳˣǿʶ
ȻЩƽﲻûͨǰƽڵĻϣȴҺǽӽԣǿʶмλ
ͭǴƵֹ꣬һΣ죬ҲһˣһȺ˺棬ոյſڵʱȴſӭıסˡ
ʾǵò˵
һԼģʲô
ӿǰոͨһȺˣ̲סʵôôҲûҪﲻĵطô
ǱֻòĴԲƵ꣬ȫңȥĶܵˣڲ֮еѣҲֻ˵Բˣ
ӽеʲôԵԲ֪֪ҲǱġ
һӣ˵ӣˣΪ˼ңˣȵȾˣشӦþͻǵġ
ӺǲһʲôԵģ۵ģ
ſģƬ̣;һˣٵ˿ˣ¶˲мɫ


592 ֶ磨1
ҲֲӵˣոչʱĪĸ˸һܣҪ˵ӱףҲ¹ڲȻѩκܺݶһЩԵĸһһ·ģ
ͭǴƵʲôط˵˼ȫ˵ģʱӵˣȺؤҪҲ˶١
ӣҪ׾ٵĽȥѣȻܵۡƭƭȣҲʲôʱ򣬽ܽȥģǿɶͷǮƵˣ
ȻںôԼȴһ⣬ԼᵱУʶһЩͭΪԺǿ󣬾ŲСİԣʱҲֹܲһӡ
ѩĿģǰ˵ˣ˿Цأȵһߣ취֪ͨشһ˵ɡ
һһ춼Ʋѣ̯Ϸΰ鲻˵׵ıһ٣κܺˣֱ˾֮⣬ӵʵǲ˼㣬ңѩ˵ĻӻýȥһЩѩôһ˵Ҳֻߺߵվһߣóһ·
ֻһ˸ۣȥ֮󣬺ˣԽԽ٣ȻĻ˶ѾĲˡ
һߣֻϵһ£绰Ȼͨˣǻû˵ֱˣҪӵ绰
룬ַһϢ𣬵ãûл
Щ㷲˵ûϵʱ䣬ѾʮӣôԼϣѵҲʲô鷳
ۿһصıͶȥˣǱ߻Ϣȫޣ̲סֹҪ취Ӻȥ
ҡҡͷ˵ʵҪȥ˵Ҳкüʮַһ˼Ҷ磬ԭûԼ⼸ˣȥȥ֮أȥ֮ô죿
ȥ֮滹˵Ҫû棬Ҫܣ˵棬Լһ˸ոձܶ˶Լ͵͵ȥҲÿɡ
ҲҲУɵȣҪȻ˼Ὺˣٽȥش磬˶߹ˣʲô壿ɧס˵
̾һشҪʲô飬˲ǣǽȥͬûʲô尡㲻ãᱻ˵С͵ץ
ǣⶼѾ˰Сʱ˰Ӳ˵
ѩҲʵĿشݣӦòһ˵ˣǲĳʲô⣿
ƫƫκܺһҲʵС᲻Ǵ˵ص㣬ǼǴͷʱ䣿
ʣЩΪʵŪ𵽵׳ʲô״ʲôط֪
ڽͷöʱ򣬾ƵһµϳƵĿ˹˾Ƶſڣӳˣǰһ
ҪǰкһƳ֮䣬û뵽ȻһŭݣˣҲֻ΢΢˵ͷ˵˾䣺ˡǴк
󣬸³һλʮͷӣһͷӣЩȻⲻǱеһгôڵϣǺܶμλ˵ġ
λеĵһ֣ͬϴһʹ죬治֪ǳʲô¡
ߵߣͣס˽Ų΢һɫҪٸ˵гЩĿһҲ̲ססΡ
ֻתͷ˵Ƚȥɣм仰Ҫ˵˵
г΢΢˵ͷߵűϣŵı˼䣬档
гȫʧıӰ̾һ죬ȴֹ
⸱Ӷ̲סʵش磬ô£ô
Ƭ̣˵Сֵܣм飬ùû˵һʼҲʵڲ֪
ЦЦش磬֮ʲôֲ֣㲻ȥҲûкܶҪء
ԭһģ޷ҲԼλᵱУʶϲΪԼԺǿ춨һЩҪΪѵĻȥҲ㲻ʲô¡
û뵽ٴ̾һ˵֪֪䣬˭˭Ҹ㣬ǸһĲ˼磬ոλгĶӣ
ʲô棬ͻȻǱһ㣬һƬհס
Ҳһ޴ѩκܺҲ˵
ҲĲ۾˵ҪĲ˼һгӣʵû뵽ô졣
Ĳ۾˵µʱֵνʵԾɻĲ˼磬һ֮뿪Ը񣬹Ҳת⣬û뵽
ֻۡúͷһһѪӺð˳
ѩһǰ¥ҡҡ׹
硭˵ߣе磬ô磬ô
Ѫϵŭֻгͷӵľɲ£ʹڣҲͷΣҪȻҪȥɡ
˺һų˵ˣСȥҽԺɡ
һҰף˵ش磬һֵܼסϲϲ£㲻ܲ
㡭֪˵ʲôá
һȻЦҸһȥȻĲô͡ô˵ҲӦ͸һף
̾һٶ˵תȥ̤߽Ƶꡣ
ߵʱתһˣתͷʲôѴȫ򿪣ӭǡ
һͿǸгһģңгҲر𽻴ˣΣ
һ̽ԱСǶȫԸոս˾־
ӵȻҲö࿴һļһ̤
Ĳ˼Ķ䣬ھƵĵڰ˲¥У˽ֳĲ˼ѾŽ׵봩ŰɫŽ˿۾վעĿ̨ϡ
еıͣҲƱЦţĲ˼Ҫӵ֮Ҫ
ֻ͵ȥĲ˼磬ȴĲ˼۵̺һʹĿһűԼոǸʱҪ仹Ҫϣһ˿ʮǿ΢ЦֶҲֻʮֻеƾš
һ̣ģȻͬһʹûϼǡۡһٴ³һѪ
ıھžƱ˵Ÿָİ֮ʣ˭Ҳע⵽һ˽
ֻվ̨ϵĲ˼磬ͻȻƿӦڱҪһĵ̨ӣֱ˵ߡ
һߣĲ˼Ҳ̲סˮ˳
һʱ֮䣬е˶ʯһ㡪г׼ϱȻһ־ٶⲻǺڴгһҵô
Ĳ˼ȴʲôҲˣһ˫ᣬʵҪ𣿡
վĲ˼ָڱƽ˿۾ʵ磬˭Ǽҵ𣿡
ܲ˵һʣʵúзȣѧʣڳ֮£ֻҪĲ˼΢΢һͷһбʹʯ״̬֮нѳɣңɻԽĲ˼ʹֳ
ԴԼҵݣ̶ܹȣٻ˾Լҵ׼ϱ׸׽
Ǽÿһ˶⿴ġ


593 ֶ磨2
ңĲ˼ܹƽ׽ˣֻÿһ˶Ը⿴ģҲԼҪġ
Ȼô룬ЩˣԼڳĲҵһЩˣȻף֣
üˣĿ˹
һЩΧɫƣ̤ǰһվȵʲô
мʶǺ˵ˣֱߣӣҪǰˡ
һг˵ܺãҪǰɣҲ͸ǣλСֵҲҵľˣڸҵĺϻˣҴֻǰ˭ҪСֵܹȥǾ;кǣ
˵⻰ֱӾԼĹϵˣбͣԼĲҸԼԹֱ̣
ʱгվҲǳȵס֣˵仰
ǰصˣҲ֪𵽵ǺˣȻֱˣмҪǰгôһȣǼ˶ɵסˡ
Щ֪ϸʲôǣ˼гϾ˼ңԭһ֣˵ĻȻû˸ȥΥ
˶٣г˵λؼֵܣؼңо֮죬ֵҪʲôֻҪΥͣһɲֹ
˶٣гֳ˵飬ۻʲôĽⶼԼҸؼ֮˽£Ƿؼҵġ
ڳļоųϵˣǳгһֲģȻгô˵ˣǼðŭˣʱһȥ
ֻĲ۾̤ߵǰ΢΢ЩǫЦЦ˵ĿˣרŰһǸλ룡
ȥĲ۾תͷȥ
ʱǿָһЩĿȪӿĲ˼硣
ңΪʲôҪȥαװɲмĲ˼һֱѹͷһʯͷĲ˼һҪԼʯͷῪ
һǵѪЩɬҡҡͷʵ𰸣ĲѾʵж˳ϡ󡭡û뵽û뵽
ܣ˺Ҷû뵽ôɣ죬ԭӦ˵İĲ˼ֵ
û뵽˵Ĳ֪㸸ڸǽ̸ʱûйİ֣
⻹ʲô𣿡Ĳ˼ʵ
ҡҡͷ壬ɾͺܴˣ֪ڵ֪Ĳһ˲䣬ô𣿡
Ĳ˼粻Ҳ޷ش
̾һһĲ۾ֿ˿г漴ص˵رʲôˣʲôһֻ̣룬Ĳϲֵ𣿡
Ĳ˼棬ɲ޷ش
Ĳ˼磬˺һŶ˵񣬳Դ͵ģǺǡ˼ҶרŸһҿǺþöûڸ
ЦЦҲû˾úЦһﵹǳɤӣĴЦǰش磬ͭǴƵľϯҿһҲûܳϼأ۳Բ𰡣
˼磬Բ𡭡ŬʰԼ飬Ĳ˼˵
ѩĲ˼磬Ǹӣֻ󣬲
ȻڳˣڶѾ֪ˣгŸıʱҲûԸһվһҲûԸ⡣
ԣһˣ֮˷׷ײĺ˼óһ·
Ҳȥרӣ˿ͽһӣģĹȥ¡
ԭ˵ģֻһһ˱׷뿪ӣһʱ䣬ԭʮ˵һŴԲѩӡκܺˡ
ˣԼ˾ǣЩεĽе˺ˣ桭롭гǽ䡭
г̨˵Щʲô˲ûȥӣץϵę́ĸԼһһȹ⣬ٵһžеþơþơ
ţִץһȣһ߿һߴеóԺóԣôԡ
ǰˣȫͷˣӵ֮һԹϯǿǸ࣬öһӼûθڣǣٽӵһļɵ÷׷ٴαܿһЩһΧճһƬط
һԲϾʹ˰ݣĿճһЩλãߺĴеλ³԰԰
̨ϽгΪ̡
ԭгݣ̨Ͻ˭ţƫƫһߺģҪг̨Ϸ
Աһʵڿȥˣɵ÷Ű۶˵ôôûҽ̣˼ҶôǣҪô
費˵ãôһ˵ӶʱЦҵ磬Ҳûʲôҽ̣Ҳ˹ˣˣôЩһ
СåôһǴ費мƳһӣ
ӺǺǵЦ˵ǣұһСåԣǼСåå
㡭ݵˣ˳ھ˵åʵ±վҪۡ
ҪľЧԼûֹĲ˼飬ЩСֶΣⶩ϶ĶĲҵˣҲǳһڶ
ʱĲ۾˵С֮䣬ʲôԹȻһҲϣ˼ĶϣֳʲôĲҡ
Цٺ٣ô֪ĲҲƴƴֻ֣ܹһǣ𣿲Һܻû
Ĳ۵Ŀ˿гϼĶӣгݣǰĲȻýϵЩֶԸӵˡ
ССһΣ飬ԺлĲ۶ӱΣ
飬ǺǡӴЦҲǡ顯֣Ҫвң˵͵Ĳ󣬹
ʱ̨Ͻ껰гҲһƹҲĲ۾ֱվ棬˾ٱ˵ֵܣʲô֮ԷƣʾΣ
˵ţг˵һںȹ˴뱭ęֵ́һ
Ҫٺȣ𵭵ҡҡͷ˵ҲǷͷӵԶٷȱƶѣʲôģûʲô£Ǻǣһ˵ͷˣԺֵܵ棬û³һֵܣǸΥʲô͵£Ǻǣǿɾǳġ
˼ǾȷԼˣ飬Ҫ˰º֣Ǿǲӡ
г˴˵ֵܣЩ飬Ҳܰٷ֮ٵĸʲô֤Ψһģԭ֮ڵ飬˽


594 
г˵꣬ٴνյľһ漴Ĳ۾֣˵վţ˵
Ĳ۾εĲ۾гֵһƣż΢˾٣һںȥ˵ֵܣĲŮ飬ұҲҪܣǽˣ⻰ҿҪ˵ף飬Ҳûϸû뵽лǣ棬ҵĹûԲλˡ
ҲϷˣǸĻҲ˵ˣгӣҲǸӡ˸ˡ
ճ˵гӦȰȰӵˣʱڣҪȥˡ
û뵽гֻǵЦЦ˵ĲҴӦ飬ЧǼĿ˵ͭǣҲĲʵϣĲ̫ܵ࣡
Ĳ۾һɬͷ˵гӦùû˵ǣ˼Ѿͷ
гǺһЦ˵˵ˣŮ飬Ҳȥôֵ࣬ܣ⼸λǸóԵĳԣúȵĺȣԺ˺Ⱥˣæɶæɶ
ֻȻˣˣʲôθԳԺȺȡ
վг΢΢ǿ˵ԲҲð
гһЦЦ˵ǸϺ˼׮󰸵СǺǣȷǸ˲ţСĲܣӦ棬㽫ķչռ䣬ŻиİҿǺܿ㰡Ǻǡ
гˣȻѻ˵óס¶ǣǲܵô˵顣
Ȼ⻰֮ԺҪԼؾصҲͰˣгвһַӣ˳Լѹúܡ
һ㣬ǲϣС֮Ķɾ֮ҲãԼҲãˣҪأҲûǸܡ
˭Լڽ֮£г²̨أ
ԣֻǵһЦ˵л̧٣Ϊ˲𲻱Ҫ鷳뿪
㿴ôλǹͣҲкЩλ̸̸αҪأгЦ˵
Ĳ۾ҲץгǰľƿԼһȻžƱ˵СҵȷЩԲ㣬֪ǲܺȾƵģⱭƣҺˣӴԺ֮ĶԹʹһʹΣ
ҡͷȰʵ֮ҲûʲôԹĲⱭƣҲغˣҪȻʲô⣬ҿɵ𣡡
Ĳ۾кصಡ֪ģң֪Ĳ۾ⲡأһȥŪûпŪ
ֻ⻰Ĳ۾ڶȴܲζ⻰˼һͼ
Ĳ˼ˣӦ˳µϲĲ£ԭһĬ˵ʵΪǼиտĿԼĲԺǰ̣Ĳ۾Υĵİԧ죬˵˭˭Ҳù
ԣôһ˵Ĳ۾Ȼܲζ
ƫƫһԹЦĲ壬ϴҸ룬Ǽһ԰Ū˸䣬ƽҲûĲ壬ҲĲ
˵ţùƿٴεһƣһ
ӡɬ˵Ĳಡǵһλͳɣ̫ݣ
ӵľС˲֪ٱ¶ǣͷ̴˽û¶磬飬һƺȥǸĲ֮Ķ壬Ҳ͡Ҳ͡и۶壬ؾǽƶ϶顭
˵ţһ̧ȣһֻŲϣžһƱˤڵϡ
Ʊأʱ飬Ȼ󣬵е˶һˢˢİĿתӸˡ
ˤƱͷ죬߼ϴ󡭡ϴ󡭡
ûԸҲˡһȥ
ǲʤû˯ȥԭҲûʲôſڵϣҲһɱߡ
ץʣµĴƿę́ƣĲ۾˵ã죬Ҳ͸Ĳǣƿƣ֮䣬Ҳûаϸ𣡡
ѩһȰܱܲôçײո¹Ѫ
ȻһЦĲಡҪⱭƣ¼Ѫʲô
˵ţһͷ˹ˡģһƿę́˸⡣
֪ʱĲ˼ߵϣһѽľƿӶ˹ȥֻʱƿѾξ޴档
Ĳ˼ϴ˴һ֮´ץһƿûĶͷšӣ˵ãҪǰɣҪѰǰɣһȥ
ŹһסĲ˼ĸ첲˵磬ʲôֵô
Ĳ˼ȻһЦԭͲӦóҵ棬ǽ죬о仰Ҫ㡭
Ͻ˵磬ʲô㾡˵ҶǣǧҪ嶯
֪ϲңǣҪ꣬ӦӦĲ˼綢ứֱ
硭ֽ˿۾ժֲ˲۽ǣ۾֮Ĵ磬˵꣬ꡢʮ꣬Ҷ㣡ֻҪӦңһҶȣ
ãĲ˼һӣཱུĽһƿͷҲ˸һβʣ
꣬Ĳ˼Ѿҡҡ׹Ĳ˼ŬסΣ˵ˣ֮꣡󡭡
δ˵꣬Ĳ˼һ̱ȥ
֣Ĳ˼סתͷеȻȻоȻ
δأĲ۾һϻ˵ϡ
һգ֮䣬̱ſڵϣĲ˼类ƾյ²ʡĲ۾ڳŲסಡ
е˶ʱҳһţд绰оȻģִǳ˵ģҲ࣬Ĳҵģвۿֳ棬ﲻ̣͵͵ҪģҲгǰҪĲ۾ͽҽԺģһ㣬ҳһƬ
һֳ棬һĶ̲סһվϣȵҡҶ
гĿֿ˿վȵҲҪң
ггϣȽ֮£Ҳĳ棬ֹ̾
ֻЩȥʱѾˡ
ʱӣĲ۾ƽڵϣܣĲ۾ڡ
Ĳ۾ಡԭֻһ֮սܵ޴̼ȻʵѾһߣֻʣ΢˿Ϣĵزе󣬿»ȲҽԺһ
ȻѪӰ֮ʵǵԹƵĳ̶ȣĵվǲ̿Ĳ۾ʬƾһһеȫܣ߾ȫ޸Ĳ۾ࡣ
ʱͷϱ㺹ˮ乣ЩˮȻһɵ
һеܣˮּ£ܰðĺˮóܾҵĳ̶ȡ


595 ¶
۵ʱ򣬷ԼѾһܽ׵Ĵϣһжǰɫģǽྻ׵ĵƹ⣬Ҳ͡
ߣΧһȦˣվŵģſڴϵģϵĶС
һ˫֣վڿߣһ˫۾Ŵ⣬Ӹѩϣ໥ţѩ֣ڴһ
΢΢һѩ̧̾ͷЩ۾һɵþϲĽеѹˡ
ѩһУתӸɣϼҲ̧ͷ
Һÿʡˮ𡭡΢΢˶ӣЩ˵
ѩ̷ſӴͷóһˮ˰뱭ˮűӲסĻζȵˮ²̣һףι
ǿӣ˵ˣԼɡ
磬ɱ𶯡ӸϽֹ
Ҳ˵СҶ
Դ΢̧һЩ˵Ҳ֪˶ãȫɵʹѣһ
ӸϽͷԶֱתһתһ˵磬㻹˵أ˽ϣһݣ
ˡɵʧ˵
ѩӵݸû˵˵Ҫǿ㻹һ̫ƽˡ
ôءٴʧȵһˮҲǺ
ѩ˵ţֲסȥĺ󱳡
̾һ˵磬ô°ϴӴǻʱôô𣿡
գӺƣͺſˣҲǹһʱŻָӺſ֮󣬵׷ʲôӶκܺԼ˵ġ
κ֪ܺڵʱܣƴȥĲ۾ԼѣͶһС
е˵Уֻѩһ֪ʱԲֻǼ򵥵ġ֮ʱԪ֮£Ĳ۾˳
ȹ˱ˮǽ˿ڿʣӵظѩƬֲ̣ʵǶôˣ
ѩ֪վǼǹĲ˼ˣѩɵ̾һ˵ҽԺĲ壬˵Ĳֻ۹ȣңҲֻĲסһ죬ͳԺˡ
ҲһЦĲҲǣôһͣװģʲôಡ񾭲ɡ
ѩһۣڸ˻ȥȻ˵˼ֻǺȶ˾ƣͽҽԺϴθס죬ͳԺָˣ㡭
Ĳ˼ʱҲͽֻһд棬ҽҡͷ˵ǸӣֻڵȴʱѣԣĲ˼һֱֻᣬȴ仰Ҳû˵üζ˹ȥ
ʱҲڳĲ˼̲࣬סȻͷɣϼһҲ͵͵Ĩһᡣ
콫ͽҽԺҽԺȵĲ۳Ժ֮󣬾ʧ˼죬Ҳǽٹġ
ѩ˵Щľ΢һЩʱָоЩ⣬Ӹɣϼ˳ȥЩԵĻ
þѼζҪŨһЩģ⣬Ҫ嵭Сˡ˵߰ɣϼһһļˣҲǿֵߺȲѡ
Ӹɣϼ֮תͷѩ˵ٲһСʱŻصȥŹغá
ס䲡ԭһ˲ѩŹغãȻǲ˴š
ѩغţתͷһֱ˵˵ش磬ʲôֻʰɣѩЩ£òѩ
һֱһĬĿϵɫ磬ʼûκ˵֣ԵܿóкܶĻҪ˵ЩֻҪһ˵
ѩ֮䣬๲ͬܣòſȥܿѩ
˺һ˵ֵܣԭҲӦöģм飬Ҿû˵Ĺȥ鷳
̹Ȼ˵ش磬˵ļ飿
˵ͷ죬֮óֻҴ˺ü绰ûӣʵǸʱһ˵Ĳ˼飬֪Ϊʲôôô
΢΢˼Ƭ̣гһ˵Ĳ˼飬飬͸߹𣬾ͻȻ֪֮ԼҪμӵĶ䣬Ĳ˼˵ģҲ㲻֮£ԭǷġ
죬һۿ𣬾ͷŭ壬ѵмʲô飿
ЦĲ۾Ǹˣ˽ǰ󻯣ҪҶ˵ҿԸ㣬Ĳ۾۹⣬ֻǶŸոճ¯ǼĿ׼ģʵ;Ĳ˼һ˵ȥȡĲһ˵;
˵ӶЩġ
ԭѩ˵ûɵһʹؿҲǶµ÷š
ò͸һɬʵĲ塭١
ҡҡͷĲ֮еһҵʱͷϣҲûʣ㻹Ĳ˼ҵ˼ǣᶨأδȥ𣿡
Ĳ˼磬ҲرкøУϾҶһ˵ĲҪȲѵ֮£ǵĲ˼磬Ҳ޻˵ʵϣĲ˼ȴĲ۾һߣȻǳĲ۾
ûʲôش⣬ûʲôܹʹʹĻش⡣
˿ѩ֪ʱҪĻشǡǻǼѣҲɵ̾һסڣ˵ȥ
ȻΣ˵ش磬ҪʵģӦòֻ¡
ԥ˰Σתͷȥɱ֣Ŵ⣬˵⼸죬һֱͨϵѰĲ۾ಡʷ¼֪Ĳ۾Ĳ¼һһ߶񣡴ʮǰʼһֱһǰ
˶٣˵һҽԺĴθȴȷûಡСֵܣǡ
ʮĲ¼ǾԻļĳ˵Ĳƹ̣ǣЩһգ֮䣬ȴȫƷβ˸еȡ죡
̾һƬ̣˵ش磬أ
ʱͷҲûأ˵ʮΣļңңҲһ˹¼ŵ뿪Ծһ㣬ҿԭӦÿĶ
΢΢ġŶһȴͬ޹һ㲻ͣԼʱ²ʡͽң׾ٵóԼЩ¶Ķ϶Ǹ¶˳
̾Ϣһ˵˵Цһҽԭ׼עǿģȫһ˶ʮ˸ͷ󲻵ò
ﰵؽһ࣬ĿһѩҲǽŲѵĿҪ֪ϴǼ£˵Ƕʮ˸ͷʮ˿ӵҲδôضı£ջǱ¶ˡ
һ΢΢ҡͷ˵ģǼҽÿǧ飬֤˵ȥ⣬Ҳ˵Ӳġ
˰Σ̾һ˵лش硭


596 ҽԺ
ش磬ʵйһǾǽǿԪ˵ڣұȻʶܵκδ̼£ҲȻĲһֿ
ҲֱӾ͸Լܵ飬ȫ˵ԣ˵ϣ˾޵Ĵǡ
ȻԤϹģ񿴹һĿãŵͳ˵칦ܡ
ţ˵ͷҲҡͷȴĬϡ
Ƭ̣ȴ̲סüͷ˵ֵܣĻ㣬̫ˣ˵ˡ
ٴ˵лش硭
˵ͷ˵ˣʹܽˣ˵Ǽ飬ܽ˵Ҳһ֪ڷҵ鷳˵ܴͭһκܺǼһﻹûǸͣ
ѩЩ˵κܺҲ˵үû顭͹ˣָʹһϮǵʲôأ
Ĳ˼˵ҵ鷳Դڴ񱤴Ǹӣԭû֪ң֪µˣܽκܺԼ֮⣬ҲʣǸųơ˿·ӡҪͭ˷ˣǻֱһֻһ
𵭵ЦЦ˵˭ҪĸǹȥǻֿԣǺǡ£ҵǲСֵǲҪڼǹϣСëֻҪһ¶ͷʱͿ԰Ǹƽ˾ǡ
£ԭͳֹ̬ȣ֪͸ֹۡ
ֻЦһ£ʱƽǰСëҲ֪˭ųɰҪȻĶö֪
ѩ죬Ҫ˵û뵽ʱű˼¡
ˣҲֵҽֵҽĻֱŽ
ѩȥŴ򿪣һŵˣɵһ
Ĳ˼һŷϣΰںš
Ĳ˼΢ЦһҵҸģѩĽһѩ㣡
ΰں棬Ҳ΢΢ЦС㣬ǹұܣ治˼ͬһҽԺôˣŹ
ѩ΢΢˵ͷ˵лл
ýĲ˼ΰˣѩȥ˭
˲ΰĵİĲ˼̶ΣȽӹѩĹˮ¶ȣŵݸĲ˼˵̵ģ˼ҪСЩ
һУΰ̧ͷ˵ܣЩûУԲ𰡣ôˣһֱû㡭
һֱŷΰã΢΢ЦҲûʲô
Ĳ˼Ų豭Ȼ΢Ц˵лл㡭
ҡҡͷЦûʲôлġ
΢΢һĶ˵СֵܣһЩҪͲˣˣ㡣
˵ͷ֪𲻴ϰ߸ΰĲ˼һҪܿҲѩ˲
ʱĲ˼Ǻʵ˭ôû
ЦЦһѣˣϲںͺá
Ĳ˼һ죬漴ֺҸЦЦͷ𻰣һ˫ûƵģŪ·½ǡ
ΰһԣٺ١ĸЦ˼˵ܣǰ̫ˣ˼һݿģǸ
ΰĲ˼͵͵ֹ˷ΰһ
ࡣô֪һôģԭΪЩˣ˵ҲҪһСʱãû뵽һСʱһһʳл
һһΰĲ˼ҲڣһϴĲʹ
ΰ֮ĸЦ⣬ô˲Źٺ١
ӽʳŵһţЦ˥磬죬û˰ɣǺǡ
˵飬ɵĲһ䣺ˣѧǵô£ǰ˵ʲô·֪𣿡
ΰһͣ漴˵ܽһΪǺӵġ
ŷΰɫһӳȥΰⲻ˵Լҹܽһж֤ܽǸûκιϵΰȴһҧܽΪǺӣм䣬ô£
ĿתĲ˼ϣĲ˼˵˵ĿֻĲ˼һֱͷץ·½ǣֻСǴģͷҲ̧
Ӽû𣬲ɵתͷʵشأˣ
ѩ˵ͷش绹£ˡ
ӡŶһ̲סʵشӦæǼ£ô
ѩ̾һشæһү˵ģ
һʱסһ˵͹ˣι˥磬ĲС㣬㲻һֱ˵˥ģүôô£ڳһүǱڹӦҪݺүǰɡ
Ĳ˼ΰˣһֱûʲôøУ˵ȻҲǺ
Ĳ˼Ͻ̧ͷ˵磬ǵģΰˣǣôȥݺˡ
ٺ٣ĲС㡭ӿĲ˼ЦЦ˵ĲС㣬Ǿˣѵش˵ٻٺ٣ɱ˵شǸ˵ٻˣУүˣҲ֪һЩ˵ĻǰϵĶӣ˵ûУ;ûУһ㣬㲻֪ܲɣ
Ĳ˼һû˻˵һֵԴ
ΰ΢΢һǺЦҲлСܵİæȥ˾͹ȥˣûҪڹϣǻ֮Уûǰߣǲǣ
Ƴһ۷ΰû˵վ˵ۣˣûˣһᣬǰװ׵İǰɣ
ִˣĲ˼΢΢̧ͷӣǵĵʵ
Ц㻹˵죬ӷ˥û߶Զͱһ˴˰ǼΧˣߺߣҪǶѩɩ񹦸˫һƨǺڻܸ˵
ΰһ漴ЦЦ˵ⲻûû¾ͺáû¾ͺá
ѩԽ˵ԽǼվԷΰĲ˼˵С˼ǻûԷɣҪһȥԷ
ӸոʳУͷģʱѩ˵Ҫ뷽ΰѩȥԷԵľǲⳡȥ
Ĳ˼ΰβף£ΰòЦЦˣ˼ҲҪóҩʱˣһøϽȥҩ
Ĳ˼ǸмĿ˷ΰһۣҲ˵ѧ㣬лл㣬Ǹûȥˡ
һԴ˵ͣӭ˥ĲŮпճҽԺ


597 㲻᲻ҵ
һͿ͵Ļûǡ䡱ϷΰĲ˼һ飬治֪ΰô롣
ǵ˵һ䣺ӣ˵ܲܿһòӦעһ¡
û뵽һߴʳ̵ȡһߺٺٵЦ磬ΰ̵ǣԴѣҪд飬Դˣ͵Ҫ϶һᣬԵʴȣǶԼ̣ٺ٣˵ǰܼԴɫ
ǵǵˣʧ˵
ѩ߷ΰĲ˼ˣתͷʵӣϼأûһ
̾һģϼǻûȥϰ಻ǣ˷ˣͻȥˣһæ
룬˵Ҽǵǰ˵ӵˣһСƣۻϼ˵ôôûҵ
𰡣磡ӸϽ˵㿴һСƣ˶٣ɹʡ𡢷ֺʲôģǲֵúôһʿ֧˵ˣϼᣬ飬ܶ壬ôǴ˵㣬ĻҲ붼ֻǶƤӵôҸСƣûǸҪûǸҪ
ѩһЦӣСƣ˿ӿ֧֮⣬ϼɣ񡭡ô
ԲԵЦŴⲻΪô
ѩҪЦӼ䣬û뵽Ӱѷ˰ں֮ͻȻı˻⣺磬ɩӣûоãΰ˥磬ͦģôԽԽһûʲôģ
ѩģѵΰ˼ã˼Ҫôѵ㻹ţΰǰһ˼ǣ
Ӵʳһ輦˳ҡͷ˵ҵĽ飬⻵ҪͻȻ֮úˣҪô֮ǰȻҪô׼ˣ磬ɩӣԵ֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣҹţ˥һʱˣҪ˵ĻǳŶģ硢ɩӣǿҪһ
û˵ӣôһϲɹģһߵĻ죬òʲô̼ɡ
ӲġߡһǣǺûñҪ˵̼¶˴̼ɣϴ
һĲ˼磬ЩĿ˿Ҳ˵ȥ
Ҳ΢΢̾һӹѩݹһ뷹ĬĬĳ
Թ˷֮ӴԼʲôʰһæʵ磬Ҫ
һʰһͷҲ̧ĴԺʲô
ǣ磬ⲻǺúõôôҲڴ죬ҽټ鰡æųʲôԺ
̾Ϣһ˵ҽԺȻ徻Ҳٴȥˣش绹ҵϢأ˵ҲкöҪҽԺʲôɲˣ˵ⲻǺúõôò˷Ǯʱ䡣
ǰ磬˷һǮǵȷЩϧˣʱϣ۲еʱôһģֲǵ塭
ĻصԸ壬ԼҲͲҪ˵ˣȥѳԺˣǾͻȥ
ӻҪ˵ѩҲһȰӣ㶫İɣҪ˵β㶫±ͨҽҪࡣ
ѾֻóȥԺһ߻ҡͷ˵ͨҽҵţҪܿĲСѾͷΰǴ˥磬²İɡ
⻰ѩ˲סҡͷ
ӺܿͽԺãֹѩһһԺ
صɣݺݵһ٣ɣ˵˵ôѪҽԺü²ʡⲻողѹͳԺǲϧԼ壬û׼ģͻ²
ɣ߶ȴر泩ڼɣԽԽԼȻ߶ǾǶԼĺӵĹС
ɣ軹˵ѾҽԺҲͰˣǾᣬӹӲʣҲڼţúõӣû¾ܵĻɣɲá
ɣ߶ţֻظӦһ֮ڣ̤һڼ
ӦɣüЦɩȥЩ⼦ʲôģҪúðӡ
ü죬ŲŲ˳Է˯ɣ֮⣬ʲôҲ飬Ҳȥʡ
һĹȥ˵ͷϣҲסˣ˸绰ҪʿǱߵ飬𵽵ôŵģĵ绰ִͨˣ治֪ĵ绰ô¡
ڼô죬ԭ֮һ񣬵ȴ֪ͨΣҲǲȥҡĲ˼߷ΰҪ¡
ڰ͵ղϵϰϵܡһΣΪĲ۾ԼСˣʶһص⡣
Լܣ൱ǰʹüͦ磬һ˹ؼʱ̣ԼҲô¶
ȥȴһ⣬ȫָ֮ԼܱǰȷҪǿһЩ۾ܿ͸ľ룬ԭԶӵףȡҲ˲٣ܹﵽķΧԭĶʮ׾룬쵽ʮס
̶֮εڼϰҲû˸ĽչӦƿ
ͺһӣжǹ̶˵ģҪװһЩ϶͵ݻ
ҪѸݻǿһߵĳ̶ȣԹ˺Щ취Ľȴãͷ
ǿ棬ԣҲֻʱһһĵȺ֪ͨ
һ죬ɣһ磬ʱָճԹĲ˼ȻֱӴ˽
һĲ˼ɵüͷʵô㣬Ĳˣ
Ĳ˼΢΢˵ͷ˵ǹллģ죬ҪͽҽԺҶ¡
ϽĲ˼Ļͷôڰ㲻öô
û뵽Ĳ˼ְóһֽǰ˻Σ˵һֱæţѧϰϴִһѧϰǸˣûӣѧһꡣ
򲡵󣬵ѧ⵹Ҳ˵ùȥĲ˼ҽڼﲹϰΣңڣĲ˼˺ܴŬɡ
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵ôԣǰҲãһʱ侭֪˺ܶ飬ҽæ
ҰæһŴһȦԴʧ˵
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵ôԸ⣿ιɲΪ˼ΰ飬ΪԼ
⣺ΪԼˣѧôûһ
Ĳ˼Ц˵ģѧһʱҴúõĥĥԼҾһߴ򹤣һѧϰڹѧɣôҵӦò᲻æɡ
ԴʱٴһȦĲ˼ҲܹϹڵģĲҵĲʵõĲ˼ڹѧ
˵ˣҪĥԼĲʮҵһûĲ˼һ൱λãõŴԶܹԼ˵û
Ĳ˼ȴٻЦ˵ʲôҪЩطȥ򹤣˼һðʲô鶼ҸɣܴЩطõʲôĥҪǴײԼĥ


598 ֻҪС
ǺǡЦ˵˼ɼΣǴ㿪仨ꡢꡢױƷ꣬Ǵȥװꣿ
Ĳ˼ƲƲ죺̫ߴˣһʼȥϰ壬ɽöҿ˵ˣһͷ͵ϰ壬ĥôܳܵȥ굱ϰ壬Ҳ̫ˣ
ǺǡЦϰ嶼뵱ѲҪȥϰשͷȥͨŮǺǣҪȥЩطǿ¾ͲȥĥȥҰɡ
Ĳ˼ôƯݵŮӣҪȥͨŮ˻ȥȳʲôԴ״ܶŹ֮飬Ҳû׼顣
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷҵȻ˵ĵ˵ˣשͷ飬Ҳˡ
ɵð̾ϢһĲ˼ġУʲô鶼ʵʣʵУȴָ߲ɵͲͣνҪȥĥҲֻǻֻȥڶѡ
˵ҪһСô㿴ôĲ˼ڴĿͻأ˵
Ĳ˼ҪԼСƣǴĳ⡣
ֻ룬ҲˣĲ˼һ˼ҪǼƻ˵ԼԼʲô
飬ɲҴӦĲ˼Ƣԣû׼Լ棬ˣԼźţҲ˵ˣҸְٻǧǮҸźҲһЩСǮǮ飬ںǮ
ǻ˵Ĳ˼ҪĥԼԼ浱С֮⣬ѵҲһܺõȥôαطҪԼϵɡ
˵ˣĲ˼ΰĹϵǿɲһͨΰҲͬУɲǡͬй仰
Ĳ˼ǧѡʱҪԼ򹤣˭֪ǲ˷ΰָʹԼܸ̽ƻ
Ĳ˼˵㵹˵׳ɻǲɣҪٲ˵ҿɾ͵Ĭˣ
һ£ת˵СƵ飬Ҳôһ˵ǸͲͬأǿǹɶͬĻҲûӵġ
Ĳ˼û뵽ôС飬ȻԥôãȻô⵹Ĳ˼û뵽
ֻĲ˼û˵һӣȻʱ
һݣĲ˼ЦӴû뵽ĲŮٺᣬ˰ǺǣҿĲŮӸԭû
Ĳ˼һ죬Ҫڸӿ䣬û뵽ӼûôȥȴЦż˵ǰˣٺ٣ǰŸǷ˥Ƶġ
ӣ˼ǿˣôôûòһЩȥӺȵ
Ĳ˼ҲüСôû˵һû
ǺǡüЦĴҪĻôҲûУǺǣ˥ôĲŮһĸ깽ȥŮ˰ɡ
˵ҪЩģһڣīڵˡ
Ĳ˼ŭӣҪ˵˵ģΰŲȥЩء
ǿ˵ӺٺٵЦţ˸ط£豭๾ĺ
ЦЦ˵˼Ӿ͵ԣ춹ģͲҪƽˣˣΰæЩʲô
Ĳ˼̾һ˵ΰѧϰɼܺãµһ£ѧϰһҲû£˵ѧУҪ֯һ˶ᣬʱҰ
Ҿ˵һȹһ裬һߵˮһЦ˵
ס졭ӰѺĻ˵ӵĻͷ˼Ҫҷģ˵˵Щʲô
Ǳȵβ͵èһӴɳеܣܣ
ǰ˵ˣǹɶҪ飬Ҫͬû뵽ӵĵһӦȻǺԥľͷˡ
Ĳ˼ĺ˵֪ǰҲãǣֻҪһݹһЩĥ
Ӵ˰ΣǺʵĲŮô֪𣿡
Ĳ˼Ͻүү֪ҰְҲ֧ô֮󣬲žСƵġ
Ĳ˼򵥵ôһ˵׹Ĳ˼ѧĥĲҼƻõġ
ȻĲ˼ڳ׸룬ʵϣĲ˼ĹɷݣͶʽȴһǮҲû
ȻҪȫϵЩ鵱ȻҪ˶ϣ˶ʱĲ˼ûӳĲ۾ǲ洦飬ĲԶɽǸͲȫȫѡ
ԣҪ飬ܳģҲֻпĲ˼⡰Сˡ
ֻĲ˼һ˵ǸĲ˼֮ľɵĳĻֻ˵Ĳ˼ɷѿģϣܹĲ˼ǰЩԡ
Ĳ˼֪Ҳæ
飬뵽ȻҲóһ𶼳Ĭ
Ĳ˼ӸҲùȥǣǶĲ˼磬˶ЩԸᣬεһ֮飬׾ٵķŵÿģ
ãȿ˵˼ҪС飬ǣĶ࣬ܲǿǿ˵
һӾ˵˵˰ٵ˵һ仰
Ҳ˵ͷ˵˼ҪӵĻְнȵ飬ǶҪһϸо¶һʱҲöٺúõ˵ɡ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˵ҿְܶľҲ֪ʲô鶼ܻһ˳ģһεҵ֮еĵһԺһŬֱܹǵΪֹ
һĲ˼ô˵ʱһʹ࣬Ĳ˼ĹִӾģһҪǴ⣬ҪԼСƣıĿܣ΢΢
üͷӺǲȻĽ˵˼֪ģһУ紵ɹڣ׬ģҲֻǼǮֺαءֺαء
ֻĲ˼˵øֱӣ֪ǰǸ鷳ֲ£ǺΪѣǷģڳˣҲ֪ЩǲԵģǲҪϣô
ĵ˵ͷ˵¾ʱȷɣʱ׼Ŷٸ˵㻹ûԷɣѩǳȥˣӦÿˣҪԡ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷΰѧУҲ쵽ˣҵø͵Եȥ
Ĳ˼᷽ΰãһ᷽ΰֶһŸ


599 Ҳæ
Ĳ˼֮Ӷ˵磬˵ĲСѾͷôôѵͲ֪Ͳ
̫ѨҲû˵˭ȥ㻹ô֪Ѷ˰ɣﱧԹʲôá
ãҪˣ԰ɣ̾һ˵ҪǿϴķϣˣȥȥˣǣԺҪϴҡĶ鰡
ԼӣҪҪĲ˼Сƣһʱ֮侹ȻûӾ
໥ǰ̾Թ˶Էü䣬˵飬Ĳ˼˵һǹɶҪ˵һҲô˵ùȥ
ó绰׼ҪĲ˼ʱû뵽ѩĲ˼硢ɣԼɩĸһ
Ĳ˼磬ûɵһʹǰԼŵĲ˼һμѵ֮Ҳ;ôӴԼڸϣѾܹ
û뵽һʱĲ˼ıʣ԰Ρ
Ĳ˼绹û˵Ȧһ죬ˮЩ͹˳˺һĲ˼ſסԼ
ãĲ˼ɬĿڣȻһ֮䣬ԼĲ˼ľ룬÷ǳңԶ
㡭ãϡĲС㣡ԭҪ˳ڰѡϴֽгģֻǲ˵һ룬Ŀڹ
˵ԼĲ˼硰ϴ󡱣Ǵ֮ŷǷ壬ڣĲ˼Ѿ˱˵׼ϱԼҪȥĲ˼硰Ŵˡġϴ󡱣۴òϻǴԼģѾҲвˡ
ԣߣڻֻĲ˼һĲС㡱
Ĳ˼һĲС㡱Ͻͷת˹ȥҧ촽ˮ
ѩɣɩͽ˳ųĲ˼ӣ²̣ߵĲ˼ߣĲ˼֣˵Ĳ㣬㲻Ҫ˵ô£˵
Ĳ˼ҧ촽΢΢˵ͷת֮ʣ͵͵Ĳһᡣ
Ĳ˼Ŷ˵ҹǸһģǡǰһɷݡ
ΪĲ˼粻ֱ飬û뵽Ĳ˼ڻˡ
ֻ˵ĲС㣬Ŀǰ˵¾ҪҲסɷݵ飬ԭ˵˭Ҫ;˳͵Ĺɶۣϴ󡭡
ǽ˳ˣһע⣬˳ڰֽ˳
Ĳ˼Եһһ᲻Ļ
Ҳתͷȥ˺һתͷ˵ĲС㣬ĹɷݣҪ˳ԼۺˣҪת˻Ҫֽ𣬶˵㣡
˶٣˵ĹɶʲôĻ˾㵽ԼͷϾˡ
ôһ˵ӲɵЩŵĿĲ˼磬Ҫ֪ǰļɷݣڶ̶̵ļ֮䣬Ѿֵ˽ʮҲ˵Ĳ˼統ͶٶԪڣѾǹڵʲˡ
˽ɣϼģϷֺ죬Ĳ˼һˣֻаٷ֮ʮĹɷݣҲӦ÷ֵýһڡ
Ҳ˵Ĳ˼ھ˳Ļ͵óڹĲ˼ĹɷݣҪıǰµĹأĲ˼統;˳ңӣҪ˵Ĳ˼ֻǿڣһҪʮڰڣҲԻԥĴӦ
ôǮܲţ
ֻû뵽Ĳ˼΢΢һ۽ǣ˵ҹҪҪǣͶʵЩǮʵҲԼģνĹɷݣʵҲһǮһҲҪˡ
ӲɵĵһڼƵĳƱ˵Ҫ˾ͲҪˣ֮⣬Ĳ˼ǵһƵˣһһŮˣ
ȴҡҡͷҪ˵ͲôǮǿأЩǮܷչ֮ޣҲٲĲ˼ԼһĹͣһһģⶼĲ˼ģӦõһݣҲٸ
Ĳ˼һҡͷ˵ˣǮҲҪ
̲ס˵Ĳϴ֪һǮǣܵһЩ˽Ǯɡ
Ĳ˼絭ҡҡͷ˵òˣƽ㻨ǮҲҲ٣ԼҲ˼ӣ˼ʻ꣬ȻûʽţԺҲ䣬ԣҲͲҪΪԺöȵġ
ĬȻʱҪ˵ȥĲ˼Ҳζܣǽɷݵȷһ˵ɡ
ˡĲ˼˶٣ְóһпŵ輸ϣſȥŦԼ֮󣬾Ź͹˵ģŹûԭŵĸڣſ棬Ҳֻǧ򡭡
ŹǼ飬Ѿȥ˿ˣĲ˼Ҫǲ˵ӵ˲ͿˣԾŹ̻ŵһһӱ
ȥ۲ݣѩˣˤ£òײżһ͸˵ǵ³գѾѩ˵ʱʧˤʤ
û뵽ҵ۲ݣ˾͹̵Ϲ֮󣬾Ź̾Ȼˣ˵õڣͽǧô˲
ֻĲ˼̾һ˵ʵŹҲǿҪŵЩǮҲǾŹõóһǮˡ
ô£̲סһ䣺ѲǾŹ̼ʲôʣ
ѾĲ˼Ҫ֦֮ڣôһʣĲ˼绹ĵĴ͹̵ϹֱڹٳҲ˲ٵˣһ֮ǰ͹̵Ϲӣڻڱ顣
ڵЩ飬Ĳ˼΢һᣬӵ˱׹˵˾ǾẔ́ݺˣŪֻǷǵǮҲ˵ĵز
ȻǵزŹóһǮˣȷҲ³ΣȲѡ
˶ν̾ϢһҲȥ׷ʾŹ̵Ϲʲôԩ飬תעֻصĲ˼ϡ
̾˿˵磬ĲϴҿɣĲϴҪʻ꣬ҲſĲϴģˣ취ȥǽͽ͡
һȥɽΪŹѰ۲ݵܶ࣬ңʱҲ˵³֮󣬻һΪɹ۵ĽģڣǮǮ٣Ҳһʽ飬ͻȥ˵˵
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷ˵ĲҵĶ£ǲǮԺģЩǮҷĲȡҲܱһԣЩǮ㶼˰ɡ
Ĳ˵Ĳ۾ϸ˻һ㣬Ĳ˼˵ȷǲǮġ
Ĳ˼˶٣˵Ǯ͹ɷݵ飬ңǾ͵ΪֹҲҪٶ˵ˣһм飬Ҫæ
˵Ĳ˼̾һֹ
һڿĵģ˵Ĳϴʲôææģ˵ö⣬ҪʲôΪѵ飬ֱӸֵ˵ϵɽ͹ֵҲҪһΣҪȻܹԵһ꣡


600 
Ҳû룬˵ĲС㣬˵
Ĳ˼ԥ˰Σ˵֪˼ıԲֻһʱ֮ϣǡʹĵ飬ϣܹԭ
Ĳ˼ǧ㲻ǣʱĲ˼վһ飬Ľ٣Ҳš
ĲС㣬ʵˣǲû˼˼˵
Ҳ˵ĲϴʵֻǲϣĲС㣬ͷԵһЩνѣҪ˵ԭ£ʵӦĲϴҪԭǲӦԴôִŵˡ
˵⻰ӵǷĵģӿĲ˼ôǷıԣֻĲ˼ԸϼթƻķΰӺǿߡ
νݼڣҲڣѡ
Ĳ˼۽ǲ˲Ȼ˵ܹԭ˼ҾѾˣǣһ룬ܹ˼ԺܹɳΪһŮϣҲֻһˣܲܰ˼㣿
˵Ĳ˼ҪĲ˼ʱɴ۾ĲϴǼ˼˼⻰ô˵ء
Ǻ޲ӵͷһƣĲ˼Ĳ˼Լм˼м˼Ĳ˼ǰ˵ҪԼ򹤣СƣĲ˼͹ԹɷݷֺʲôķĲҪԼܰĲ˼棬úõĸ죬˼ʲô˼
ѲĲ˼绹ܴĲеĳĲ˼Լɣ飡
Ĳ˼һЦ˵˼ҪˣҲĸϧ˼ôᶮЩ
ܲζ˵˼Ҫ¶ľĥҲǼ£ֻֻһŷΰ
˵ţ̾һƬֲ̣˵ĲС㣬Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣҲûʲô˵飬ҴӦǣҿɵ˵ǰ棬˼ϾǱˣܲᵽһЩĥҿɲұ֤
Ĳ˼΢΢̾һֻϣ˼һģڵʱ׻ᷢչʲôӣûԤϵõġ
΢ƽһЩ飬Ĳ˼վۿ˵ӡѩĵллǡ
˵ϣĲ˼Ҫ飬ҲʹˣֻͽȻһЩ˸УԣĲ˼Ҳٴȥ
ߣĲ˼翴һȻ˵һֱҡĲС㡯ܲٽһϴ󡯡
Ĳ˼һߣֻ´ӴԺҲٳ棬ȻĲ˼֮ǰҪоʹ죬Ҳûٽһϴ󡱽г
Ĳ˼ɪɪıӰһ˫۾ıģ壬һﵹǱһǻܣĴУĲϴ󡭡пճ
ѩĲ˼һֱͳ˱Żֻǻ֮ʱϵĵױҲЩˡ
Ƶɳϣ˺þã˵ѩӣҪҵĻǾ˵ˣ˯
˵ţվҡҡλε¥ݣصԼҡ
֮һ죬Լһ˹棬ѩżȥҲֻһǰ棬һ̨ɵɵķ
ϣĲ˼͹֮ǰȣĲ˼ǸԵഺ⣬һǵӡ
˵ӵѾӦԼӵСƣĲ˼˵§ɣϼ˸ת漴ֱģĲѡ
ľ΢һЩ͵ʱȴĲ˼˵ȻСǹһҲ٣ѧͽСƣߵ׼ʱſڣٵһӣٿ齱𣬳ٵΣ㡭
Ĳ˼ֺǺǵĵͷ˵Ƕ鲻Ҳÿ춼ø磬ģҾٵ
졭ȵڽԲ廰죬򣬿㽱ٿ飡
Ĳ˼Ҫ˵һҲͷٶ졣
˵֮󣬵ɨϼʲôҪٶȥɣʮɵ飬ҵһӣҿٿ顭
Ĳ˼ٴͷֹܸҶٹʰٿǿٿģǵʣ𣡡
˵ʲô˵ϼסˣʵʱȿٿ飡죡
һԳ͵ɣϼ̲סԳԡĵЦϽɫҼסˡ
Ĳ˼ǰɣϼһףʱǲҪִУɣϼȻ
ֻ˵һͨĲ˼һһʱ֮벻ʲôԿ˿Ĳ˼ʽĵط
¶Ͼûɹңÿε˷ʵʱʱĶ෢ʱҪһЩԿ˿۵ĵط˵
˺һͷ˵ˣĲ˼СʵҵĹʣܸ٣
ϼǺˣٿٿ飡ŭûأڻѧͽСƣϰ壬ϰ壬㲻а
Ĳ˼ͷЦۣµĹʣûİٿ顭
û˵꣬ٴŭۣҿۣٿٿ飡
ûʼϰأһӾͿ˼һǧ飡ǲ˻ȥĽࡣ
Ĳ˼˴Ҳ˵һˣֻһ˫۾Ŀɣϼɣϼȡ
һǱһһڣҪ͵ؿһ󡪡һϷݵģ̿סֲʱЦֻ棬װſԣҪЦ
ò׳ͣɣϼĲ˼֣Ц˵˼ãҴȥϤϤĻ
Ĳ˼˵ͷЩ͵һٴСʵϰ塭ҵĹʡ
ͶĲ˼ŭûԱʲô鶼ûȾҪʣߣһ¸ǧһĹʣʲôģûУҪСˣҴ͵Ҫ͵Ҵһξͷ١
һǧǮͭǵְҵ˵Ѿǵ͵˼µĹʣ˼ڹϰשͷһ»ǧأ΢Ļһ
ӵˣ˵ֻǧһϷֺ콱ʲôģ˵Ҳ
ֻĲ˼ɣϼ˵ıӰûü̯һʹɣϼ͵Ц˼֪˵춹ģ˻ֹϿװͰ͵ģҪһǮó
Ĳ˼Ҳ͵͵Ц֪ˣҲŲƽء
һͷߣתͷȥݺݵصһۡ
һһֱɣ裬Щĵ˵˼ңǲ̫һҿĲСҲֻһӰ
ѾʧӰĲ˼ɣϼˣЦһ£˵裬ǲ֪Сжжڣڿ˶ƵģһҪǲϼӹֱ̣ܽ˵ġ
ҲһЦ裬ģСѾͷǲɣ˵ˣĲСҲй
ɣ̾һ˵ǵ飬Ҳܶ죬ո˵ЩϣǻǲҪôƽϵĺá
裬Ķôȥ˵


601 Ҹ
ѩҲһЦ裬ɷģ˵ŷģ˵۵ģʵʱȴӵӵ
С㣬˵Ҳǣ㲻гôʹڼҪѩ˵ܱܲ˼һõĲѧѧЩ岻Ŷĵ
ѩһ֣ҹǿгǿʲôģ᲻֪Щһǲʱûʲôƻˣðɣҳȥһˣȥʵؿ쿼졣
һ˵Ҫѩȥʵؿ죬һϽ˵ûҪ˰ɣҡҽ컹кЩҪء
ȥȥѩЩĶʵ
ȥ鲻ѵĴ
һΣȥȥ
ȥ˰
ɣһ˵⺢ӣƴʲôȥ
衭ίĽһ
ѩϲ̵ɣ֣˵Ǵңлл衭
ɣװĶ˵Сôˣҿǵһο㣬㶼ӦȥС㡭
ֻÿͷ裬ϱҴӦ𣡡
һԺٺٵЦˣ裬ԺԶ磬͵һ¿ģͲ
ŭĴһӣţҼһȨ
ӺЦȥݰɣһ治ȥٺ١
ӽ첻Լһȥ֣⵹⣬ǰһһﲻҪţû뵽һȻܷƵĻᣬɵĵĵһΡ
ǻɵĿӣӣнĿ
ܡٺ١˵ţĿɿڴҡͷԵĳţϰհ氡ˡҡڵˡ
ƵĲ²ţӽ쵽ʲôƴƵĽĿѩӺ棬ֻ˼ֻعͷȵĶɣ˵裬ˡ
ɣɩһһʰиʣһЦе˵ȥȥɣÿĵ
˱ѩҲûҪȥ⳵Ƶڽϻε
һΣ̲סʵѩ⵽Ҫֻɢİ
ѩɴͣһ˵ҼȲҲɢ
Ŀѩֲֲɢɹ̫ɹ̫ҲòԼQ
ѩ񡱵Цҿһİ㿴㲻ǸոʧˣҾվʵжеˣϲ˶š
˵Ҹûоʲôʧʹడ
Ӳǵ˼һ֪񡭡˵ˣû£һȦ
Ҫһ䣺˭˵ҽû£
ô˵ǲĸѩǰߣ߲ɰѩһֱקŵģ
ֻһȻѩקߵַ
ѩȴûקֱӵ֣Ƶİţ統̡
һװһ£ɵţ統̣վſڣ㶷һʱ֮䣬£һĻһĻ滮
أ۾ֲģ
˺һѩŽε˵ôİɣ
˵ͷЩʵʵʲôʱ깤ģô֪
ѩǰţ統̵Ĵţǣ֣һһ˵ǰ죬žɹʱһڶҲû㡣
˵ͷѩţ統̡
ȥֻţ統İ裬ȻǸǰһģһӰڷŵĵطϲ豭λãûһ˿
Ȼɣϼƾż䣬ԭЩһһķ˻ΪɣϼһЩ䣬Ҳܴҵܴĵ׵Щ
ԭţ統ֻ̣һ棬ȴһ벻ֹ߸ԭһģһӵǱߣȴǻȻһµһŻܣң϶ѾٵİһЩ
ӣѾҵǰ׼ˡ
ԭҰԼʱ䣬ǾѾʼ׼ˣ΢΢̾һ˵
ѩ΢΢˵ͷЦڣһڲһ棬͵λϰ巢ʲôʱҵ
룬ϸļһ»ϵĻҡҡͷ˵һЩУߵĻҲûٹ죬취ٽС
ڵĻȷЩҲǻԴ㡭ѩĸ˵
סֵġסһû˵ѩʵôˣ
԰ѩ˵Щ飬ԭϼ飬ôô㡭
ѩЦô˼СƣѵͲҵ򹤣
Ҫҵ򹤣ʧ˵
ǰ򹤣ȫƱͨ˵İѩ˵
üͷ˵ôܣһƱûͨ
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ѩָͷ˵̲꣬סԳԡĽЦѡ
Դ˵İɣϰ廹ϰ壬ҪûŶҪʮʮĹʣȥ롭
ѩɡԳԡЦ˵˶ҵģ㻹Ҹ˭ϰ壬Ų̾Ϳ㡭
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602 
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ѩĲ˼΢΢˵ͷĽһϰ塭ǽ㡭
ѩǸĲ˼ߴߴЦ˵䣬ֻ΢΢˵ͷתͷȥۣһЩҪĶӣҪš
һ۱üЦ˵Сãͻ˲Ŵ绰˵Ҫ㣬û뵽ˡ
˿ǽϵĵӣ˵ͷжòŵ
Це˵ѾˣڵȺ򡣡
ٴε˵ͷʯĵַṩģһʼͽڰԼһҲûμӹ
飬ǲԴӽǱߵľΣ
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603 ڶ
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ǰĲ˼粻֣˻ǺЦڣܸ֪ˣĲ˼ǺԼ˴˴УңҲɺ
Ĳ˼ԼҡҡͷӻͳһǮֱڹڵϵСƽͷϣȥϵҩ
ܸ֡籧˾ʵֱۣͻȻ֮䡰ͨһ򵹵ϣ˵֡㡭ҡҸ㵱ͽܡ
ҲڵϵĽܸ磬תͷĲ˼˵ĲС㣬˼ĻŪˡ
Ĳ˼վĲ˼ǰ˱ȭ˵Сǰֻ˵ֻԶﴫˣʵ벻Ȼôõ֣Ұװ׵ĵ˰졭
˶٣ֽ˵Ǳʹ޵ľǱסˣôһҪ㾺һҪˡ
ֺֺЦµ˵ʱӭǰս
ȭͷҵȻҪս㣬ʧȥҲ޷ı䡢޷ҡҶ԰һƬģ
Ա˳ŵġûĶһ䣬תͷȥ
ظü񾭵ʵûӸ˵ƾƤӣսԼ˭ں
ѩЦţ󣬳˻ܸ꣬ɱһʦʦ㲻Ҫ߰
Ĳ˼ҲҪѩˣֻſڣסڵ˵硭磬ҽͣ治ҽġ
˺һ·ѩƲƲ죬˵硭ߣеúöġ
һԲ˲·ڱϣתͷѩ˵˵ҩƷ飬ܲ·ӣ
ѩЩΪѵĴݵ·ֻĲһҪǿԵϼĻҲҸ취
۾һĬĬؼһ£˵ǴԼҲֻвʱ䣬ü𣿡
ѩȰʱôȣֺαԶأ˸СǱߵ飬ɾͲá
̾һѩһټ֣Ҳֻ˵ȻˣھȥɣȥҼˡ
ѩ˵ͷһ˳ţվͲ˵ˣʣһҲǾġ
ѩ֮һŲͷ׼ȵȥȻ취Ҽ˰æʡ
ϾҪǸӣеʣЯңȥһƬ򣬾ԲսʱΣա
һɵ绰Ļڵ绰м䷭һҳ½ĺ룬ֻǣ½ĺ룬̲סһԥ
˺һ̾һٷϵһ¡
һ绰ͨˣҲ֪½ڸʲô˵绰ȱ㺬ġιһȻЩϲ˵ԭСôҲûϵˣʲôطƣ
Цһ£΢˼䣬⣺½磬мѪ飬֪½ԸԸæ
½ɵһЦС㿪Ц˰ɣ˵ôأǺǣС㣬ǾǮ׬˵ɣʲôطᣬʲôʱ
̾һ˵½磬ûЦһΣĺΣգҪȥĵطһǹֵĵطȻǵֻһЩʣпֱܱɱ
ôһ˵½ȻЩ˰Σ˵С˵ģ
½йǵĻҲұˡ̾һ˵ҲѣҲ˵
½Ļ˵Сҵ˼ĻҾͱҪЩרҵСܲܰѾ˵˵
Ƭ̣˵ԵĻ㵽ҼǺúõһ¡


606 ɱţ
ϣ½ԼҲһĻ顢Ҳ˹⵹Ӹ˽ӷ磬ҪҪ顣
½һģ½ظ֤˵ЩѶڵԼŶһ֮󣬱֤ڶ̶̵ļСʱ֮䣬ܰ˾롣
ҲֱӰԼĿԴԼڵһһĶ˵½¹ƣȻԸ½
˵ҪҰɽԭʼ֣½¶ϲɫ½ǰҰɽϷۣҰɽҲһΣڴսм֡
˵һνȥ½ҪֻǸͼʣսʲôģã½Եеʧ
˵Լһ۵ģ˵ҲһţľԺ֣Ҫܹһµս׼ûһ˲кá
Ҳֻһʣǽʧѡ
½Ȼô˵̾͸Ѵ˵绰һˣ½ԭİ೤
ȴǲ½ĵ绰ˣеĻ½һ٣ôˣֵǲǣǮǮǶǳؼڸֵǾһ𣬺úõٳһ񡭡
½Цţһ绰һ绰Ľͣ㷢˰Сʱһ໽е˸ƽˡ
½߰ƽǰ໽еˣѩҲˣϢǣĲ۾ӦˣֳɵļҩƷ࣬߰˸ƷּҲһʮ䣬͸òררˡ
ЩҩƷѵʽȴ٣ﵽÿ飡
ҲƽǮңһʮҩƷҲ㹻ðǸһʱˡ
ţû뵽Ȼֱӹˡ
һ̲סϲеش硭
û뵽ǣ½һ𣬾Ȼһ漴Ľһش硭
½̲סǺһЦ½ؿϴһȭ˵Сӣü궼ûˣԭ
ʶЩȵʵ
Цʶ꣬һܵȥ͵ĵعϳԣҴ˸ţһܣû뵽Ȼֵܡ
شֵعϣӸǾȵʵ
½ЦЦ˵Ȼشֵĵعˣش統ʱ򣬾һֵعϵġ
ЦЦ̾һˣ˵ɻ̹ˣӪųûϢģ͵˸ڰ೤ֲ˵ģǺǣ˲ˡ
Ҳݸԭͷӳȴ˸Ĳ񣬹ֲöҲ࿴ʲô鶼ܲˡ
ЦһŶ˵һʱȷһЩ׼ָʣʮ֣ؼԱ棬Ǳа˸ˣִսľ
оȻ½ԭĽ̹־ɣ½һܣ͵͵Ϣϰ೤һ˵ϰ೤Ǳ̷ˣ˵ʲôҲҪ̸Ϲ½ϡ
½жĴһ˵ϰ೤ͷԵİ½һ٣ÿһ򣬾͸͵ҩƷ֮ڵʣһ½һôôĺڰ
½˸ѪͷȴһҲЦŽ˵Ӷ𣬰ѻ͵ڰȫĻÿ˻öʮ򽱽
½˵ϰ೤һļͣҲЦ˵տʼԼȥ־ɵʱҲӣһģӶʲôĶᣬֻٶȥһˣⲻ־ǼѾڳ弯ˡ
־ǶѾڿʼжˣ½
ж·ߣȴЩ뷨ҲֱӴǴӵһ·ֱӴҡڵĽȥԭ·̽Խʡһʱ䡣
ȴԼĲ˼߹·ҲҵӣȻ˳£Ȼ·ߣԴҡڵ߽ȥ⵽ɧŵĻС˺ܶࡣ
·ѩóĵӵͼǰ˺һȻѡ˵·ң˵̬Ҳǳһ¡
·ҲȾܵĽ˵·˲һʱתͷֱӴǸӵĺɽҲΪεһ·հ˵г̣ҲڽӽӺɽʮ֮пҵǸʱֻҪɽ;԰ȫ
˵·ǰڻߣһȻһֱӴԽɽԼҲܹʡһʱ䡣
ؼǣ˶ãĵطҲֻнӽɽһΣ·˵ȷԾ˺ܶࡣ
һ£Ҳ·ȷУ·Ļ˽ӽɽһΣ־ɴд̽зĻ취ΪĶ򿪰ȫͨͳɡ
ôһ˵½Щ˲ˣԼһˣҲʵӶѣǰĿԸϽ̹ٵһ𣬿ԺҵȥһԵʧɫࡣ
öн·֮Ȼֻ½һ˸䣬ңÿٵҪЯʮʣ⻹Ҫͬ˵İȫ
һĻ½ߵˣϵĵӷϽ̹ǱҪصĶˡ
½̾Ϣһ֮Ц˵ҲôС񣬼ʱ䣬ԸһܣǲǾ񾡳ôɱţС
ЦǺǵİ½ǳһ٣ɱţ˵Ҳ޶ȵı֤е˵İȫҪȻֱӾͽЩｻԾһն͹ȥˡ
飬ʵǲܹУҲֻŴһߵڳ塣
ӵȻѴǴĿǰ״ҲһȥңܹȥϧԼǲòһȥ˵ĻʱԵĿ¾Ͳֻͷߵѹп߽
ϾβûϢǰġ
̾һҲ˵ʵزѾǴܸԼ棬С֣ԼǴȥЩˣԼøһ
Ѿ޷ֱýǮȥˡ
Ҳ̾Ϣһڣ뷨ȫһ£ںҶǮȥΨһĿģҪѵѵһԵĵܣǸˣָ
һ磬ӡѩ½ˣ糾͵ĸϵٽҰɽϵһկӣ͵Ⱥ־ɣ½ϰ೤˻ϡ
ӵһ־ɵһӣ̲ס̾Щйˡ
ӵУΪ½Ľ̹ˣִڷװϣǱɱڵģǸʲôӰӾսӻ߹Ӷһȫʽװװݣͨһͻ˱ᣬǲԼе
תۿ־һģһũ񹤻ο͵Ĵ磬Ӷ
һƲñ־ɣͷһ仰Ȼ˴һ


607 ף1
ķԸ־ɵȥ̽ȴֽҰɽļҪ·ȫܹ˵С·ϣ˵ףɷľϰ೤Ҳ˵Ǽƣ֧ҪҰɽĶƵġ
־ɸ׼զͷʵģΪ˻û´ݾߣû³ç¡
üͷ˰ΣҪҪʱֹжԱ
һ˵ʱҲüͷתͷԽԽƵİˣҲ鲻ѡ
뷨һˣ˿϶û·ˣĲ˵ʹͣ٣顢ǴˣҪԣӲҲôȥһۡ
ֻϧѵҲ޿ɺǡ
ã¶˵ɣش磬ˣʱԭϢҸѩȥһ·
û˵꣬־ƳһС޶ǲ֪أǵףӵϾսսɾҪ˵ģҪˣ֪𣿡
־ɵĿˮһԲ־־ɾԲ޳ѩˡȥһ·
·ҲȥԼ»߸ˣľĻֵõϵӡ
ҡҡͷ־˵ϣɲҪῴС޶һʤĹؼ͵ˣ
־ɺǲͰɣʮ˾꣬Ҳ˵Ͻ˶˵һ֪ûа¼ܻһ竹Ӹѩȥ·ΪǴ˹ְ
ٴҡҡͷ˵ʵҪȥĻҾǽСָӡ
ǽ־̲ˣĻԼһҲǲԸɣҪԼһ˶һʲôëͷСӣָУһ󣬻νĴ
˻֣˵ССӣھ¼ܷ棬ȷ㣬ҲೣܼҲɹֹһˣҲǿһҪСָӣϣܶ
֪־ˣͬʱҲĸҪܸĥһʱ䣬ҲȻͻķڷ£ӲҪ־ɾ;ȷһɡ
սļɻ໥ǣͬһɢɳˣ˵սԱǸ⡣
ЦЦ˵شҪҪȥȥˣ˵Ͻ̹ǵˣǾԶǰȻҵָ𡣡
ôһ˵ɵ̾һ־ȴϲɫ½ϰ೤˲
Եľͳˣһߣ϶޷뵽־ɵĶм䣬Ҳ˵ԼߵˣɻֻǡӡܹѪӿġսԵ
Ĭ˺һ¶˾ģ־ɵ˵ãϣһΣҸ񣬾ǽ߾ȫСǻ͵Ŀĵأн;УҪرעⰲȫ񳷻ʱȾƣ
־һᶨϵشģҲܱ֤ܹŻҾԱ֤񣡡
ʱ䶨ڴ賿ﵢһ죬Ҫӵÿ˷͵֮⣬Ҳô
һҪ͵ʣҪǼӦʣټڵܹͨ͹ȥʲ࣬ǰһʮһˣһʮҩƷװϣʣµĻϾ⼸г֮ҪõʳҲȽɡ
־ǰ˸ȴɣһЩ򵥵ĵʳ֮⣬Ҳûء
־һѶǹҲûУӵĸᵽ˺۶Ҫȥ̰ǹûһѣ
־ɿһӣЩãһ仰Ҳû˵־µļȴٺ١Цһ
½ӣڻھڣЩһֶǸո۵ھҪżһҫģԼɲ˵Ҳ˵ע⡣
һʵô˵׼ֻڻóʱ򣬶԰ɣ
½ЦЦ
Ŵĵ־ɰеǰ򵥵ĽһĲҲ˵֮־ɵİ˸ˣһ𣬶ǻųսнĶΣ֧ӵǰߺұߣң಻һսнλľ룬ĻЧͼӵκвװϮĻڼ̵ʱ֮ڻγЧľֹ
ֻ־˵Щʱ򣬼˴ľҲͽŪһ㣺ԼӣǱ־ɵ˰мģϮţҲú£־ڣ
Щרҵľû١
ʱ֣һȺ˳Թո뿪û뵽һˣ
˾ȻĲ˼ӵ㷢һ֮õĴ
ѣҲԹ۵ģûʲôϵĲ˼־ɵô˵
˭óĲ˼Ծǳġ
ƱϵĽ˿۾Դǵ˵ôңҪʲôҶ֧֣ǰ
Ĳ˼磬Ȼ沿һȵĺѣ֪Ĳ˼ǹǵģ˸Ǹм
˶Ĳ˼뿪ҲЩ⣬ͦõôôǵ뿪ȥô˵
Ĳ˼ҲǹĽֻͣǰԼһЩ˰ˣֻĲ˼ģ඼֮Ķֶһ󳵣ʮ֣ڸûһȥԣҲʱʷŵһ𣬵ȵ·֮ͨ˹͡
һҹ޻ڶһ磬־ɵѾ뿪Ӧǵǰ濪·ȥˡ
ˣϵĲ˼硢һʮˣɳأʼҰɽ
һ·ϣͷѭ־ɵµıǣǰС
ŵʱͷźţҪͣнԭϢǰ˵Ҫȵһ·֮󣬲ߡ
Ҫ·ϵĵףԲһʱɵ飬ңڣѾǽҰɽУǲܹ׵ֳûᾪЩܡ
һȺ˶һ棬ȣ˽Сʱǰ̽·˲ŷź˵ˡ
ʱ־ɻһ£ӣͨ
ֱʱӲŷ֣־ɵ£Ի˸ƵģȫԼټļսװţƤսѥȫսװԼӰӾĺ½սҲ˿
һĽԽ½ˣֱ׷־Ǹ󣬵ʵ磬ģαװɡ
Ǹºһۣ߳ǵ죬Ǳ¶ȥ
ӡٺ١ЦһҪ˵ǸͻȻתǹڣһǹ˨׼ӣŭҪ죬ҽִսɣ
ŵøϽ˫֣סҡͷҲ˵ˡ
ģ쿴񹤺οͣһȺɱ˻Ǹջǹǰ·ӻعŵ͵͵һ䡣


608 ף2
ǰûãǰдָʾԭϢǰٴα˵ס
һ˸εĵطԸĳԸˮĺˮȴǰ·
ǿЩ˵ˮ󻺻شεĵط˳
½̵ǰʵСҪʲô
ȥǰ濴
½˵ҪȥˣǾǰʮ׵ĵطףȥĻΣա
֪ҲҪȥ
ӴһԲݴ˳˵磬ǰͦģǲҪȥ鷳ˡ
Ĳ˼ȴ˵½磬ȥɣܹҼӿһнٶȣ
½ҡҡͷǼھ۾ף΢е紵ݶͿܻǳ¶ǲҪȥǵĺá
Ҳһ˵о̣ʲôǼɣνнֹ
û˵꣬һͺȵ졭
ִ£Ȼǰ洫һ죬е˶оµĵƤһ
е˶һ̷ϡ
ʱǰһϤϤ־ɵȴ˹
ǰ־ĸŴŴ
ʵ̹٣ʲô
־ҧҧ˵ǰ·˴ĵףлйףûӹȥֻܵͷ
˵ţ־̧ͷһܣ΢һָߵɽͷ˵תϣǵɽܿ⴦׳Ȼٻص·
ӵҪ˵־ȴ˵ʱ䲻ˣǱ뾡ķǵɽ򣬾ͻᵢг̣
˵ţ־ɴˣֱɽȥ֮䣬ʧڴ֮С
ţԼƾ͸ۣҳǰ·ϵĵףֻҪڵλãȥܹܿͨƬ
־˵Ƭ滹СסһӾû˰գ˵ҲӰӾ￴Ƶڣը;ԻըǸ׵൱ļɲܲ³򣬾һ£Ҳը˵ġ
ûв׷֪ʶûյĹؼ
¹ʮ˵ûյ飬Ҳ׵ȥԡ
ҵǣɽߣ־ɵ˳·Ҳߣһûöñɽͷ
ֻû뵽ǣɽһ£һȴһʮ׸ߵ£Ҫȥֻܴķʽ
־ɵµ£ӣ±ú˷ߡ
ֻ棬ժµʱ鷳һһҲ֪ôģûµһ룬ȻһŲȿգҲʧȥƽ⣬Դұײһ£Ȼײ˹ȥ
ãǰǳӵǸˣΪٵȥӾ
ûôˣߵ±ϣȶӾͿʼˣȴţʲô㣬·ߣҪ
Ĳ˼ں˵ھͿԻȥû˻㡣
һ˵磬Ҳ˵˵ѣ߶ȣѲסҵģѧУǿǳ˶
û˵꣬һ飬˲ȥ
ҺվһԵּۿ죬һ֣סĽŲӣӲİ
Żصʱ۷ףѻ˹ȥ
½˻ҪȰŪѣȴҡҡͷ˵ȵȥ֮˵ɣҪȻһ±Ҳȥˡ
һֻýԼļϣһȥ
û뵽ǣҲǲµһĵطȻɽ紵˹һԼƾſϣɵáۡĴңסζ
һһұڽ¸ص־ɵҲһǸôֳôĶ
ò׵ұڣ־ɵһعݺݵѵһ٣õ־ɻ㺭ܺãûѧǰԸǸһֱӽǹܶ׼
ǸоÿȺģ˳Ĳ˼µ±֮ԶԶأҲմĲ˼硣
һոѹֹģôζ
ѩԼ½˾̲סЦ
ֻһˣڽֱ³´лܵ޴Ĵ̼֮ڡڡ
ĻҲ˵ȥˣ־ɺݺݵض˹Ҫ˵ĻӲĶ˻ȥ
С⣡־ɷų֮󣬾һ¼⡣
־ɳ˵жٻԲҿɸǣǻнʮ๫Ҫʲôʱָܵλã˵ɣ㿴һģȻûﵱսẦˣҲẦ˵ġ
治֪ΪʲôҪӦôһȺϵӣҪǿǲµıķϣһĶǹˣ
֪־˵ƢѵѵԽǾڶԼ˸ҪȻƾǵ֣أҲʲô¡
ѵһˣ־ֲŰеһߣ˵Сغ½˵˵Ҳǲ㣬Ҫ֪һ˵Ҫ񣬾ǻЩˣЩʣС룬ΪʲôһὫ棿
ʵɣ֧ĶڣͲɢˣļͷûס𣿡
ļͷ־˵ӡĲ˼硢ѩǼ⼸ˣ½Ǹûȥܣƫƫ⼸һɢʲôģ˵һĲֵĶ
˵ͷʾ⣬˵⼸ˣԼȥһ£עڸʲô
־ɵ˵ͷ䣬뿪飬תȥ׷ǰļˡ
־ɵķԸӵ˽˹úõظ˵һ°ȫ飬û뵽ʱٴδһ죬ƣ˴˵ס
һȺ˶ʱԭأҶֻͷ־ɻǰһһż˴ҴҵĸϹ
һεã־Ҳû
½ǰ׷־ɵˣŷ֣ǰǹӣִϰӾǸˣһŹը
Ŷʮ๫·̣Ȼһˡ
ú׷һʱסˡ
־ɵ˺ᣬǸСӣԭذˣҲ˵ֱٴ˽ǰĵ
һ˫ϥһǸСӵĹҲûһķǰĬĬ˺һˮ
һԭһСɽȣƽ̹ң˳ɽ߲Զܻصԭ·ϡ
׵ˣȻҲ뵽һ㣬ɽ棬ͬ˴ĵס


609 Խ
ڵϣһһǰŲ־ɸ£е˶Ȼ
Ȼ֪һγϵף־ɵһιû̽иضУҪȴǴҶȽš
Ҳǣһйȥٹɽ·еףҲһ·ߵ׶ǵףҲҪǮЩܰٹɽ·϶ףҲ͸òˡ
ֿǣټ־ɵ˶Լţԣһֻֽԭʼķӡذףһǰ̽
ڰȫ֮⣬˺һͻȻһҧԵѩĲ˼˵Ǵȥǡ
ѩĵ˵ͷĲ˼ȴЩŵ˵㡭Сһ
˵Ϲ㣬Ͻ̹ٲ˵˵ģԭشȥӰ쵽ô죬˵ڵף׶٣ʲôףȥҡ
ȥǣĲ˼ȴǳұ죡
ں棬ɵ˵磬㻹Ǳȥ˰ɣûע⣬ǸǸըôҡ
ѩͷһӣܲ˵õģ
һ˵ȿѹްӷʥĸܵ顭
ѩһȣһţһǷ顣
Ͻֹȥ˵½磬˭Ҫ֣͸ҳǣ˭
½ٺ١ĵЦһ⻰˭Ҫ˵⼸һһ·ϾǼ¶࣬Ҳ࣬źҲǼֻÿÿ¶־ɣǰҲǺǳ⼸ˣҪǼǸܡ
ϰ壬½ҲֻӦӦǣϰ塭
ƫƫ⼸ôһ˵ȫס졣
ѩ֧֣ѩȻ֦ӶŷҲ֪أ죬ڹϣȻԸΥ֡
ûʲô£ĺôĲ˼ĻĲ˼죬ͰҲ˵
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ԣһȣ˵Ҳ̹صı첻˵ˡ
ȫ죬ֵ˵ǾʹȺϢǡ
˶סĵͷȴǽͣҲ
һӣ½Ҳ̲סȻʧЦ
źߣèܿӽſڵϵ־Ǽˡ
־춯һڵϣȴǹָŸոյͿ۶˰
ʵ̫ˣĶ
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־ɵļʶսϣһ˶ϣԼܿͻһɴڱǹµĸоֻÿѪ־ɶƺܹǰԤ֪飬־ɿӦѵ;Ļۣܹﵽ˲ܼг̶ȡ
˵ԽƷУ־ɽŽɣѵԼ˵ģġ
־ɽŽɣӣǰ濴˿漴ָָ־ǰԶĵط˵Ͻ̹٣ҾãĲƤ棬Щ쳣ܲȥ
־ӣתͷϸ˿Զĵطȴûʲô쳣϶ʱЩ
־ɽתӣǹźãǰ̽׵ذףڵϣȻ˵ҪǣһҺ⣬Ҳллĺ⣬ȷһܸɵģ㻹Ȼȥɣ·˹
Ļ־ɻû˵ڣͻȻһѰס־ɣ˵𶯡
־һŭôˣ
һſ˿־ɸλã˵µĵи
־һ漴ŭ˵˵Ҹոռġ
ģú
ú־ɿ˿ذףʵϣ־ذףҲͶʮ׳̣ܹ̽ȣҲǵеĳȣҪе׵ĻֻҪȣ־ɻǼ鲻ģϾ־ذײ̽ǼװȽװ
˵ֱԼڶʮ๫ң״ԲӣҸо
ס־ɼѿڶԼȻſһŷ棡
Ȼȷ˵ģ־ɻĲҶˡ
ĬƬ̣־һЦ˵ܺãСˣҪʮ⣬Ұ˵𣿡
˵ͷȴû뿪˵ãϽ̹٣סǸ㸹·ƺһߣԶǸϵģϽ̹٣һҪסˡ
Ҽסˣ߿־һ˵ǲģ־ɶУޣ߿֮Ǽ٣̱ܼ
˺ʮ׿⣬־ɲСһξ룬¶ǰڵλãȻذһһ
ʱ־ɵذ׼ȻһӲеף־ɲðһ󺹡
ʱ־Ѿȥ˼ôֶԽУСĽٿ
ŵֳԭΣ־ٴγһȷһףǾװģ֮ԼſûըΪװңһ·־ȫŹģԽҵӹһ١
򵥵˵һöףĴأϸ˿ϸ˿Ӧþǰ׵ǸĽϣҲװ档
ĹףĿľǷŹǰ̽׵Ĺȵ˵ﱬըΧ֮󣬲Ż𱬣һö׿ԴﵽɱЧ
öף־ɴŴһĨ˺ü亹ҪԼضȥү׼ȥˡ
һ뵽ȻԽмΪ߶ȵУ־һ˷
ⲻ֪ԽУȫȴԼܿϢּ͸ۣܹʮ๫ֺ谭ʮ׵ĵףϸȫͬϢҪʶȻڻ¡
ΨһвǣԵ׵ʶ֪࣬͸ûȥж׵ľ飬ģҲֻܿʲôطĶѡ
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610 ³ɺ
ˣ־Žĵ׷ŵһߣ˵£л㡣
£ſеĴϽ̹٣˵
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ܡԥĴ
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ҶԽУҲֻ֪ʲôλãȥĻĴ
־ֱʵ
ҡҡͷҵ£ҲΪҲףңףǼҪмģ˾Ͳġ
־ɶһ󣬷˵ѣָָŵһߵĵףʵʶʲô𣿡
ͷ˵ˣǷף
־һͣû뵽ԼȻôһϻ΢һ˵һ·ô
̽ͷһ˵Զһήާ棬һΧһĸ˿ާԶһұ׾һһǰԼ׵ĵطڳˣ
־һͣ꣬׵˻
û뵽˵ﵽާ˸ǰӦûΣˡ
ȷ־ɿʵ
ˢһվͻȻðһһ˹ȥһֱߵާ˸ǰվסȻعͷ־ЦЦ
㡭־亹ŭ
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˵һ˻
㡭ϵӡ־ŭһ䣬漴ȴͨͨѶ˵ӡӣǲҪȥףһע⾯䣬һ˹Ҵ֣߿˳һ·
ܿ죬һѲƤƶ˹߽һŷʲôƤαװˡ
ѲƤƶ־ɸǰŵʵǣʲô
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⡰ǡºţһ˻ǲȥС
־ɵһ֮תͷǶԲƤ˵ӣмԿҵ׵λãס
ʽһʵĶôóװñţ
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ôһ˵ӵһ־ɵƢӲǲ֪ҪԼ׿ڳʧȵ컹ѣҪ־ɼûʧ
ſڵϣñ飬־ôãӿǵһ־˵
Ⱥ˵־˵ûާˣ¾ǳװã˿ӣ׾룬ұףǰףŵףж
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˵ͷڵϣ۰ͰͿ־ɸȥס
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ףЦŸ˵ʵ͸һһֲ࣬겻ˣҪڵǿȻʱû׼һͷȥڳ룬ҪֲڵĻֱ߹ֱӽٳ
ڵ׺Ψһǣ಻ڲţڳ룬ڲûҪѣ
˲ʮӣӸ־˱㷢źţȫˣҲ˵ָļŵףһʣĶڳˡ
ʱ־ɸ˲ŷȷľһ־ɻӴкΪһǰ濪·
ȻӹӻóһһӢĸTĵףݵ־ǰ˵ǣ㿴
־һóǸףһӾȻһ֮˵ô
Щ棬ǰȥʵ˭
־ûӽװãȻ˵Сⲻ飬ʣ
ӸҲĬȻһĽǿŵװãȻǰ̽·
Ͻ̹٣㻹Ųңһ߻ļǰĵ·һЩ˵
ã־˵֪
ֻǵ˵ͷ
Ǻãӡԭؽߣע⾯䣬֪ͨԱϢҪɽȿˣ־ɴȹ۲һ˵
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ңһ׷ǸۡҲɹ׷֮ҲҲټ
ʱ꣬û뵽һֳˡ
־ɽ£ʮǺЩƣ˵֮־ֿţըҲǴ˵ֱʣҪæҽۡҵΣ
ٴ¶ټҪ˵ǰһսѣΪ˱ţ־ҲŹۣ;ǲףϴӦæĻ־ɾаһѩǰܡ
̾һʵȷľһǡۡˣ
־Ƴһ漴˵õ۲µĵףĵڵϣһԵӢĸTոջóǸףҲǸǺš
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˰Σ˵Ͻ̹٣ڿ˳˳ĵǵǸӵˣǸʲôۡҪôܹȥ
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ô˵ȴӦ־ɵ󣬵ȴв־ɾǷԼ顣


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ȻԸ⿴ԣ־ҪԼȥץֻۡ赭д˵ֻԼ顣
ֻ־ȴǷһ飬־ϲ˵ȴѾԿˡ
Ϣһ󣬺ѩѾȲˣɽľգȻ⣬ȴһ˿ҲûУţʹǰУҲһ㣬棬һܶģȣ
ԣѩ΢˼䣬ӹϢ
ȻٲһɧԴЩˡ
룬ҪӻȥٵȵȣͻȻ֮䣬оƺʲôڳԼ˷˹
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־ǺεָһԼϣ㷢ܵķӦ־һֱ࣬ͦͦĵڵϡ
һӦ΢һ£קţһˤ˸˲档
ʲôˤҡ泯죬ڵϣŭ
ʱ־ɱǿϣͻȻ͡һ־ŵؿڸ߶ȵĵطðһ仨ľмըͻȻ֮Ŀһ仨
΢һ٣ǡ͡һľмըϱ㲻һ仨ڰСһ
Ϯоѻ֣ӷ򡭡־ſڵϣе
ֱʱӲűԴۡ
ֻը֮󣬱ҲûϢ
ǰ沼ĻӣһǹûüûĿꡣ
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ͻȻϮôԶľ룬еǹ̸ţԣӸûǹֻضӷ
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Ӵӵ˳ڰСĶĹ˰ΣһЦ˵ոȥոǼ˺ȥһգա
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˵ͷ滮·Ͻ̹˵㣬Ҫǰ档
˼־Ȼãǰ棬ƾԽУܹܿµĵףֻҪڷֵ֮ڵüǺţ͸òȥףɻҪʱ䡣
˵ʧȥãԡۡ˵Ҳһ
־ɵ˵ͷպõͼɽèڱ˷˸ı·źţ漴֮󣬱֪ͨӵ̡
ǰ̽·ɽȳڵĵطַ˼ŵ׵ĵط־˵ģѱؾ֮·ϵĵ׶ԵļǺţĵطҲͲȥˣе˺ܿͳɽȡ
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ְѼǾѻĺۼֻ־ɿˣ־֪ѻ־ǰ棬ûӴ˸ǰһ׵ľ룬֪ͨɽèڱˣս룬ϺӸˡ
־Լȴһ˺ӣʮһ
ˣһ·ϵҲûʲô⣬׶û񣬹ƣҪô׵˷ֵ׶˸ãԲˣҪôﻹûжٵ׿
һߵ˰ʱ֣顢ꡣ˱Ҳ߲ˣÿ˵ĸضûʮڴ棬أܹ֧ŵڣѾһ漣ˡ
־ɲҰӪڿش˳ѡһȽϿɽ棬Ļҹܵ͵ϮԼ·ȻǼѣҲ֤˲ḹܵУΧ
һͷɽ£ʵ磬˵ʲôطãôҪѡô·Ͼĵط㿴Ҫվ¶ϣÿ׵ʲôģһӣǻọ̈̄
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Ȼ־ɵȴҰʲôĶźˣ˳ҪҰԭأңϻҪһѻ𣬵ܿ͵ҪѻϨˣȻеˣԼıȫʰãڳ
ңнʱ򣬾Բ˷ʲôģǾ͸Ǿһǰ
һӡ˿ɾͿ಻ԡ
־һ֣ǵɣǽѵ֮⣬ҲӵҪɵöࡣ
ǰ־ҲͲӵֻ˽ȻһȽɽǰӪկ
־ɴˣȴûסɽתͷʧããĺҹ֮С


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˺ҹžžǹԼʱһը˴˯֮о˹־ɵȦãȻ˷
о̺Դڽסɪɪ½ȴţĬĬضŶڣֱ治ʱĸǹﲻס߶ţAK47ڵ䡭M16ɨ䡭ѻ֣õǰSVDôû̹ǵ95JS
Ͻ̹ǻ᲻Ѳڰڰ֮У֪˭һ䡣
ﲻΪǰ೤мĵ˵Ϊǹɱ˾Ͷࣿϵӣսĸһս棬ҲδػϼǹǣһǹĻҪһֻϵӲŻ᲻ͣشǹȣΪԼ׳
һſڶڣʱذԴ̽⣬ﻹֹô켸ǹ켸ǹİһҲӰӵɵĳ档
һѽӵԴȥǳԴôʲôǲС̫ˣһɹһô죿
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ӵĻû˵꣬ౡһһɫ⻮žһͷϵʯըʱʯм׷ɣӸһͷһ
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ӵĵЦˣߣ治֪Ǽһǹôôá
Դû˵˵Ǵǹû׼ԴɣĻȥԡ
ҺúõģûëҪܳȥЦ˵
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ǹʱʱŵģ²ǽս˫һԹսˣӸ߶߶ûû˵ģķ
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һ磬־Լ¶ûǸӵֻ־ǲҲ׾ٵ߳ɽûʲôġ
ڼ޴ʮ˵һȥû׼̾ͻ֮ر¶û׼̾ͻһƬܼĻ
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½Цһ£ֿһ۸ѩһĲ˼磬ŵ˵һǹSVDǹ漸ǹ95JS˵һ⡭
˵½ͣס˻ͷЩٴ̧ȥĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ٴκǳһ㡣
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˵˵Ĳ˼ڵ͵͵ĺǳһ䣺Ͻ̹ǵ֣ô׵ġ׵ľʧأ
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ʵʲô鷳Ѳڣ
½͵ô˵ɣϽ̹ǹ95JSSVDȻǶֵǹˣӸղŵǹ˵95JSһҶSVD֮ſǹҲ˵Ͻ̹ٻˣԵģһʹþѻǹĸ֡
֮ԵʱϽ̹ǶûƣϽ̹ٸǸѻ֣һʱ֮˭Ҳû취򵽶ԷҲû˸Ҷԣߵ˶һֱǱţڵȴᡭ
ԴϵĺˮһӾð˳˵Ͻ̹ǡֻʣˡ
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˵Ҳ־ڷռƣϣ־ɵȴơ
ѩĿ˵ܲܳȥǣ
УһȥѴұ¶ô죿Ĳ˼˵ܵͣȴնһļᶨɡ
½һˢˢİĿ۵Ĳ˼ϡ
һ˶֪սϣʱһ˳֣ҲܹıսľƣǸԳȥϽ̹һѣе˵Ӧһ£Ĳ˼ȴȻܾһôûʵĽڣǰĲ˼½ˣﶼ̾ϢһĲ˼ôС
Ĳ˼⻰ѩȴףĲ˼ԲǵСάսϵӵ᳤ֲ۾Ҫȥиô죿
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ѩĲ˼˼̾һҲ˵Ĳ˵ҲǣЩջûУôܳȥִƴأοϽ̹Ƕû취
ѩĻû˵꣬˼ǹ죬һΣе˶ףϽ̹ǵ95JSȿģмֻǼSVDǹ
⼸ǹǰһͬͻȻ̴٣ǹ֮ɽһУֹƽ·ʲôûƵġ


613 ǹӶ
εǹ죬ǰȴǽȻ෴½߼Ӧ־ڵ˷ΪĽ׶Ρ
ʵ᲻ˣèɽˣȴ˭Ҳ˵
Ψһ֪ĺģֻ֪־ǻ˻ţңӦǻǸѻսң˭Ҳκβ˭˭Ҳ߲˵ľ档
ҶǸֻ֣Ҫһ˿и춯Դϻ̾ͻһѪ
ڼ˺Ҳ²ʱ򣬶ͻȻһݶѣǺӻˡ
һӻе˶һӦ˳ĽǸѻ֡
û뵽ǣֻڶڱ΢һĵΣһ߾Ŀɽ棬һѹ˵ʰװ
е˶͵͵ġһӣԶԶûдǰֹۡ
һ΢춯֮е˶һҴһڣصȴӵ
ʱҲսϣ粿λһѪʪ䣬ָ϶ǰ߰ߵѪȻǸˡ
ӵײײĳߣʧ˵ϣȵб䣬ɽעӦǡ
һȣ˲ɽֻ˵һ⣬־ǵȷʧˣ
пҪѶԷɽ첻
أû׼Ҳ
ģһԴеôģôģ˵Ǿôôͳأôء
Ĳ˼ŭһɲɣ£취ȥæ
Դ׵ϣе硭ҡôȥﰡʲôᡭ˵Ѿ˿ǻ
½ȴ˴е೤жǹ֧𣬸Ǽ֧
һԣû˵ˣӣȥƴˣƴһ׬һ˫ƴ׬һʮ֮үǶһӡ
ȴǶڽӵĿһˣҪˣôһҲһͻز˺ģ˺ھΡ
Щ˵У΢侲һģҲֻѩˣѩͬʱ˵ߣѩſڵϣԻ˵Ӹ磬ǹҡ
ͷҲأ۾׼ȵⲻĵطȥ
ѩʾ˵ǹ׼ͷù˵ϵˣӰ졣
μӱľ˰ɣû˵
ڻߣ˵Ӹ磬ɣҪȻһ˹ãٰǹ㡣
Ҳһ߹۲һ˵ȥɣǻһŻᵹѪˡ
ӡߡһǹѩȻֻǻӸողվûֱһӵǲŻӵͷ˹ȥںʯϡ
ͬһʱ䣬ѩ˰һӵ˳ȥǰһٶԶĵطһϵ֦һң漴ʲôֱӵȥ
Ѿˡӽһ۾׼ȴûǹȻǻûҵĿ꣬ոѩһǹԵǻĿꡣ
ſڵϣһУ̲סһ䣺û㻹ǺǹղǼһﻹǸ
ѩ۾׼˵ղǿ߶ʮ׾룬ʯͷ棬ˣҵλѣЭ
⻰Աߵĺ˵ģλѣû취ˣѩֻԮ
ȴЦЦ˵Ӹ磬Ӧ÷˰ɣߡ
ѩ쿪ʤһǹͻĿ꣬ӵȻſڵϣŸĻص
һĲ˼̴򿪱ȡҩƷߣΪ˿ڡ
½Χʵʲô
Ͻ̹ء
ԷЩʲôˡ
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Ĳ˼üӽþƾ
պ˾ƾǩӵ˿ڣӲɵ΢΢üͷ漴˵Ӳ֣ҹ۲죬Էһ֧SEAL㲻ģҲض۳ĹӶ
֪SEALʵĲ˼Լ½Щˣɫɴ䡣
һ֪ηЦ˵ʲôSEʲôүǶԶǡ
Цһ£˵ӣ֪ʲôSEALǵȫͻӣͻӵıSEALȡSeaAirաLand½ĸƴɵġ
½սӡӶӵͣһŵðҲû£
ƽ￴ӰӾ棬Щ棬뻯ﰡôԼһˡ
ӵǰǡƴһ׬һ˫ƴ׬һʮүǶһӡĺһʱ֮ʧøɸɾ̾ҪȥڸӽԼˡ
Ǻ侲ʵӸ磬Ͻ̹ǵô
һЦЦޱȵķŭڱ͵ͺʧ٣ǱըġǸеû˵ҪҲѾ˿ˡɽèһ𡭡
Ĳ˼ϵ̲סһ
üͷ˵ĲС㣬Ӧûѧ԰ɣֲȣ
ʵ˵־ɵֻĲ˼𵴣½ˣҲǴʧɫ
˳־߸ˣǼǰһǧһĺ֣žһϵսȻʧ룬ⳡսĲң֪
ֻǻҧ˵ʵԷǺ֪ܶ࣬ģҲʮ˶ѣڣʣµӦòʮˣǸһĲС㣬Ҷòãͦʹġ
Ĳ˼統ȻҶ滢ȡǶڼιϵĵͷ
ӣӻˣǶιӵӦһлӵʱѾû̫ɱˣҪȻӵۣ͸ˡ
Ӷһԣ࿵߶ʮˡʮӶʮ
ʱ򣬶棬ǹƵģ˲ϵĴȣԵ־ɸɽèҲѾңɽѾ¶ˡ
֮ԵǴȣӦǵʱ򣬷Ѿ¶ˣܹȥģֻսزкȺҲûʲôν
ǲʱһӵɽڶʯϣɽһĻǺʯмҵǣɽڲ󣬵ȴǿӵڶϣܹЩʯмϲγ˴ɱˡ
Ĳ˼ܿ콫Ӽϵĵͷȡ˳ְﻢӰ˿ڡ
ʱĲ˼ŷ֣ȡͷڣȻ˸Ӵ룡
ϵıЦЦ˵ĲС㣬ҽǿϸ񡭡
˵ţһתȥ
½סӣе೤ǹңúõϢϢȥʰǰӡ
Ҳסӣ˵Ӹ磬㾭ã棬ȥϽ̹ٽӽҲˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ֻȣ˿ںܿͻȾȥϽ̹ٽӽ
Ĳ˼رȥ־ɽȻ֪Ầǹ٣һΣҲ̫˺
½ҪȥˣֻϧǣûǹȥҲνȥԣҲֻôڶ


614 ֣1
ͷ౷ɹӵڡ
Ӵȵôֳˣ
־һߴǹҲһߺȵȥû¡
ѩȴеҿʲôط
ǿ¶Դû뵽ողһ̧ͷһӵǲԼͷƤͷ˹ȥ
һԴеôͣҲ
ѩһʯͷ棬ǹäĿĴһɨ䣬ֽе˶࣬Ƕ̧ͷô졭
Է˶࣬־ɵʵʩѹƣ־ɵͷ̧͸û취ȥ׼ȥˡ
ӵǲҪǮǷĳ־йǺܵ͵ĺͻӴ̵磬ΨһûģǺп֧Ԯ
΢һе˭жǹһ֧
ĺӣǿǹٺ١Цɱ˵ҲùģСǰһ֮󣬵Ҳ˷ѵҩ
ѩ˵Է̫ƻˣּϻѹƣʲô취
־ŭеţעԼӵأȵ֮취
ֻûƬ̣ɽèеӵ˭жӵ
־ӵһѣһУеһˣעԼ
ϼսڣ˵ӵѾʣ޼һӵеҲֻˡ
ѩ˿ԼԱߵյУ˵Ҳûˡ
ȡһУ׸ѩ˵ҺڴٴһΣסˣѾһС
ѩ֧ǹ棬ӵѩһӵܹĵУȲҪС
еѩǹҡ
ѩһ漴ǹݸ
ӹǹͷǿһֻ۾׼ϣǹڶ׼һ׿һô¡
ſһSVDˣոճʱ򣬲ͷƤɹȥǿӵǼһģһ㲻ֱӴҲûù
׼˺һȵһٴγԼһӵ֮̿۶˰һӵХŷɳǹڡ
һɲǼ䣬׼￴֧SVDͻȻ֮ը˿
һϲźЩǹˣ漴һе㵸ӣҪܡ
ֻһ˲䣬˵ؿڣͻȻһɺɫѪǸ漴ſڵϣһҲˡ
־ɽе˭ġ
ɽèЩ˵һǹǺӷŵģ
ӺٺٵЦֻǼ˸ˣһǹС
һǹֻSVD򱬣ӡ־ɡɽèǶĿŵģֻ˵УҲֻк֪Ǹһ˳ġ
΢΢һЦֻǺҵĿһǹѡ
û˵꣬ǰʯͷըһǣ˵ҲʮüӵԷĸֹֻһˣô;쵽һµв
ڵϣеģôҿǹ
̽ԴһǹȴûܴĿ꣬һǹ֮󣬺ԴЦСʮһӷиӣǼһõǻǹܲ취һһ
ǰʯͷʯм׷ɣֱð̧ͷﻹа취ȥͦǹ
һֻֻסʯмҳһ߽еڲɣǼһҵġ
֮󣬳ӵ΢һЩǹȻһһ׼
漴ٴο۶һΣҲ֪ô£ǸǹֿŰֻͻȻ֮䱻ӵǹֲҽһԴһðӡ
ֻһ˲䣬ǿԴϣٴһѪ
һǹ֮̾Ͱǹ˻ڵϣǰʯͷϣԭѾڱģһ֮䣬ǻʯмɢҷɡ
ʹ졭ӴЦȻһǹǸǹֵԴˣǺӡ
һֻ۾˵Ӵ磬ǹ˵ãǹŵ
ӹЦֵܣЦˣ֪ǲԸɱˣҲãǱ¶Ҿˣҷûʲôν
־ɴеɵúãʮŬ
ɽèҲеӣӵĻֻ˵ҸǱšǹ񵯣ע⡭
ɽèĽһưѸٵǻ˹
һһ˵ϣӶûüӦǿǹ񵯱߲Զĵط
ʹſϣҲ˹ȥ
ը󣬺һһҡΣһ߼ǷĽеСС
һ̣Űݣٺ١ЦģըˡӴ磬šû¡
ӸͲţϽȥĺ󱳡
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ָĺ¶Ƥһ£ʵСоô
һһŤܿӵָٺ١Ц
ӵ۾ŵĺһ䣺ȷֻ
ûɽèֽеǹ񵯣ˡ
һǹ񵯼󲻵һԶĵطըˣٴƵںӵϣ϶ʱֳüѪۡ
ϰһɲ֮䱻˺䣬ڲ
ѩһ
־ҲУӡ
Ȼ֮䣬ð̣ӵץӷһԵJSû׼ֱӿ۶˰
һӵֱֱҪöǹ񵯵ĵͱöҪǹ񵯣˲䱻򱬡
ǹ񵯵Ǹһһ˲֮䣬ֻʣһˡ
֮䣬˵ҲʮΣ㵹
ѩǷ˹ֱ˵ϣסĴУ
˺ðΣۣһſڣۡһһѪ
һαǹ񵯱ըˣʮӵϣȻûҪҲһЩˡ
ˡѩ̵ϣˮĹ
ѵЦЦáؿЩ¡¡
Сȥ־ɺ˼ɵҩɨһӣתͷѩе
ӡ̵û°ɡèҲǺݺݵĿŰһɨһ߽С
Ĩһϵ֡ޡ˼˻ԴŴû£ˣǽŸյġ
һתͷʵҵǹأ
ӵǰJSոձùڵʱǰJSҲַ˳ȥҵǣûˤ
ȥǹǿ˸صԼλϣ˰ΣҲû̽ͷȥһǹ
ǱߵĻʱ򼸺ȫ׼˺ӡѩ˵λá
ڶ̶̵ĲʮʱӡλˣǶԷΪҪˡ
һǾ׼ľѻ֣һʵʩѹƵĻǹ֣Լǹ֣һԷĻ˽һ롣
µʮˣȻǻȥ٣ٴվʹǱ


615 ֣2
ѩĨһϵۣ̺ˮʹѩһʱͿԲһ㣬ʣֻڰ׷ڲסĹ
ֿ죬ѵһЦԷҲкĸ֡
֪ѩû㵹ãȻֱӾվƴ
ӳ˸ӣ̽ͷȥһǹһM16˷ŵ漴һӵɹҲںӵϴһѪ
Ҳһ浹ڵϡ
ǰǿǹ񵯱ըȻסҪĲλϽҲкüˣֻǺƴһǿţһӵںӵϣӺڵϣðҲû
һڵϣϽƿѩߣҡҡӣеӴ硭Ӵ硭û°ɡ
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־ΨһƾѣҲֻж½ǻˡ
ڵҩȱԷڼ£ҪܹԷɽʵʩİи񶷣һҵϣ
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ԵǣԷǰӶƺ־ɵ˼AKַٶ̵䣬־ɵ̧ͷס˵·ǿٽӽ
־ɸɽèһǹûһǹķţͽ͵ϣáڵֿġж΢סٽӽǰӶ
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ֻʵϣ־ɷڣʱȥһӣңⲻһ֮ڣAKȫ˵·Ǹû취ƶ
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ҪѩúӣԼȥʲôѵҪϺӵǰJSǹֻʣӵǰ95ȥǰӶƴ
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һǹ־ɵɫ䣬SVDJSG3SG1Ϊ׼ơ
ң־ľǣG3SG1ˣϵڣҲͽǹǹҪ˺ڱ͵˵־ұһѪڣҲ˴һǹ
Ҳ˵ߡ˸ӶʵֻǺAKԼǰG3SG1ڻңˣĸеĸ֡
ͬǲһӣAKУǰG3SG1Ҳʮǹ漴ȴڶȻ֮ʧǹ
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˽ʣӵ־ɣ̲ס΢΢̧ͷŷ֣ԭӵȻҲûһǳŶڣԼԼģڴɢɡ
Ľ֮УҲȫǰҡֲ˷ĵĿ־塣
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־һ漴ǹ׼￴˹ȥ
һѰң־ɶͷϵĺˮʱˢ
˰׿һϣѸٳ룬ٶȼӻҪݣգۼʧڿһߵĴ档
ߵˣȻһֱȺڻҺ棬Ҫ˺ڱ˵ˡ
˲ֻߣ嵽ǰ߰˸˶ˣ
ߣԺһг֮вΪ˲ĸ֣ңһֱǶڰ־Ǹġԡ
ֻ˾ôˣ־Ҳû취ոһ̣˵Լ95Ҳûӵ㻹ӵ95Ҳš
־ɺ޺һȭǰʯͷϣŭһų򡭡
û꣬ɽèֽеǡ쿴ǰ桭ʲô
ɽèģȻʲô
һܳǿʯͷһͷ񱼵ԱҪѸݣӭ䵽AKӵԼG3SG1ľ׼
ʵϣĶʵ̫Ѹǹ֣޷׽ʮֻ˶켣Լǰ޷׼ȷ㣬Ȼӵ࣬˵ǸֻäĿʹ־ɵ˵ĸ֡
ңһ̣ѾǰӶǰ
һͷϹԲͷֺݵˣֻǰһһӰվǰûǰվŵ˭ֻһ˫ֶʱʹѣ漴һҲԼˡ
ʹܳܵסġ
ԣֺݵ浹ڵϣ˺ѷεĲҽ
һûôֻ̫Ǹӣ˶ǹֻһ漴˵һš
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һţȴֻǴȹѿʱ·ѣͬҲ˺ѷεʹ
ʱݵ˼׵ǣԼĵ˭
Ϊһɲ֮䣬ǰǸӰѾʧ˶ʱ
˵ĲҽУȽԶҷӦбȽϿļˣ֪ã̵תǹڣԴ˲һеĿ۶
ǣһƬʱҲѵǹԼҽ
ֻŲҽСǹȵɽè־ɵˡ
֮УиӢȵй֣ҿ£ҿ£


616 ʤ
˻Ӣ֮ʣڶҽȻ
ŵڶ֮ûƬͣԷ˸ˣȫǺǹʵΣĹӶԲ񣬱ǹԼ
ȻǸ˵ĴУһ߳ŵڶҽеķäĿɨ䣬һ߿ٵĺˣոǸ˿ٿ
˸û뵽ǣͻȻ֮䣬ײһϣһڵϡ
û뵽һȻ˺󲻹ǰԼվһﱳû֣ԼһܵĽӴ
ײһ£һ̻عͷһ֮£һﲻɵһ㶣ڵˣȻһ촽ϲŸոճһëëͷСкӣң˰ԴľһëͷСкӡ
һﻹڵëͷСк۵ϴǸȻЦ⣬ŵһֹһĹӡ
һ￴ģҲЩѣûڳǹĹӾͳһϡ
ƺԼƺͷѵ΢ֵֻǰ벿ֱʧȥ˹ͷ֧ţĵȥ
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û뵽ڶͷѵһģһģ֣ȻץǰM16ʱM16ǹѾԴĶ׼Լ򦡣
˰Դ˲ҽ
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֦ǹˢˢĶŵ߷ǹ
ֻʱ־ɸɽèŹĻᣬѺӵǰJSѩǰ95գ֮ͷŵˡ
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ɽèȴʣµǸлϣֿһ־ɣ漴е˵ʲô
ɽèĴ95³һ࣬ѾͶȻڵϣҲһҶһ˲֮ڣ϶üѪ
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˵ţɽèĻĿ֮Уһ⡣
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ɽèŨ̹٣Ҫ㡭
˵ˣһΣҲòٰ㱳ڹƨˣȥɣסһŪɾ㡭
ɽè˲۾һѾûӵ95ذףԾ壬˳ȥ
èʱ򣬴һϢԼһǹ֧͵ҩ
ǹ֧ҩʱͷַ˻ӡӡԼ־ɣ½ϰ೤ҲֵǹԼʮӵ
ڣ־ɴ߸ˣֻʣңɽè־ڶˣսѾǴۿۡ
ҪӦԶԶֻߵô򵥣½ǵҲӵһǺбҪġ
ɽèϢǣߵ֮Уȷһ϶ͷۡȴӶҲŪݣӶӵȻֱӽɱӦþݵ´ġ
Ϣǹ˵ģҪ˵Ĳ˼Ծðβ˵ѩӵ˶ǰ˼⡣
£ǱȽзִģôһӶֻʲô˶Ȼô֮ǣҪ֮졣
־һ߽ܰæˣһ߰ŷ˵ʵòŽţʵӦǳģϾǱֵ߳ӱȽ϶࣬һҴҵĹͣҿ飬йɷݣҲֻϵĻԣȷĿԲǺܴ
׵ʲôΪˣŲĳޣʹǸ˿ԻǮֱۡӽӽɱ
ĬһԼˣҲֻһΰ֮䵹Ҳ㲻ϲĳˣ٣ûѸΰ֮Ĳ쿴ìܣ͸˵ǲĳޡ
˵ΰǲܹӶۡɱ֣¶һֵûɵ顣
ĪǣԭֻҪϾԼĲ·ѣ
һһ飬˼
˵Ĳ˼ĶʱѩԼڽӽͭǴƵʱ򣬱һϮʱǣ֪Ҫ̽ˡ
£ʱҪȥϣҲûֵ׷ʣҲûϣ᲻һε̽ۡεĽɱűϵϵ
ϸ룬ΪѷΰǵģԼԭΪܽκܺ˸ɵģܽԼκܺ˶ʾû飬ôΪѷΰֿⲻˣ˭᲻ҲǸۡйϵ
־ɵôһ˵϶ʱ
Ĳ˼Ҳ̲סһ䣺ΰ飬ģ
Ĳ˼Էΰ棬Ĳ˼һˣ¿ĵȺԮ飬һֱڻԣΰһ½£Ĳ˼Ͳȥǡ
Ĳ˼統ʱҲǻܽκܺˣĲ˼˵鲢Ĳ˼绳ɵĲ˼ͰĿ׼ֻһʱĲ˼Թ˲ϾȻûֱѯʡ
ڣЩ˵˳Ĳ˼Ҳͳûһ䣬Ҫ׿ڳϡ
΢΢ͷ˵ΰ飬ЩϵҾԲ飬Ųš
û뵽̺Դ˵ҿҲˣӦ÷ǳ򵥡
ԭĻҲûȥƽϣɫѾˣ־ɵȻҹ·ּ˵ŹӶҪɱ飬ԣеһ𶼰Ŀת̺ӣڽ
ָƽ˿۾˵ҷǵĿģҪ½κҪ֧ԮСǴӵˣܹ֧ԮǴӵˣҲˣһ壬һС
˶٣˵ȻСȻŹ֪С֣ڳ֮ǰǸǰǾѾ֪˵ġ
һ˵ô࣬һֲ˵һ㣬岻ҲӦ֪ģԣ̽СҲ˳ˡ
ô˵ҲмֵĲ˼ȴǳ˵ҪĻΪʲôֱͭǾͶֻ֣̽ѵ¾˵ΰʲôϵ
ΰǱߵ飬Ƿں˵СߣȴΪо仰֪֪ˣս֪仰˼𣿡ɷнµʵ


617 
⻰ڳ˳˰˲֪仰ĳ֮⣬˸Ͳö˵ս裬˭֪־½ˣ֪仰ĺ壬֪ôȥ
ԣôһʣԾ˰Ū֮ӡ
ҲΪ⣬˵ǲ˵ڰǴ棬һܵôһ˵Էʮ֮࣬ȴ޾ɫͶ֮䣬׾ٵĽȫķڷ
ôһ˵̡ޡһ黹˵һ֮Ǽ棬ͳһλˣЩ˻ĵ񣬸𣬵һء
ڳʮ˵УĲ˼硢ӣ顢꼸˶ǼµߣȻ֪ʱΣǻȷͨİ
ҪӰ顢ǸӵｫǴߣ˭ҲҪв
־ϸϸ˼һҲôһ˵ۡЩӶȷ˳ˡ
ͭǣ̽ǵʵǼпܾǡۡˣ֮ûͭǾֱӶ֣治֪ʵ֮⣬ڵǹӶĽأʱҲͭǵȵأҲ۲ֱӶֵԭ
ڵڣۡȻûôĹ˼ɣңϸڣҪۡҲȻˡ
ֻĲ˼绹ǲţʵԼ˵ģһֳ˵ãΪǸʱ̫ҡǷΰߵôͣ
û뵽ҡҡͷ˵Ҫ˵ΰ飬ҵĿǣڲìܣֵһᣬֵһᡭ
ѩӣĲ˼˼ΣȴܹڷΰϸһƲ⣬뵽ͷȻһ䡰ֵһᡱ
Ӷʱٺ١ЦţҲˣ˵˰죬ҲֻǸһƨһֻƨֳ
ӡĲ˼ŭɾһЩ
ɡٺ١ЦĲС㣬Ĳϴ㵽վһ߰˱ɱҸƺͿˡ
Ĳ˼ϣȻ֮Ѫ죬̤ߵߣȥ
ʱϲȵĽһ硭
ְԼϵë̺չһǣȥĲ˼ϡ
Ĳ˼ȴüͷ˵̺棬ôô
˵ţֱӽԼϵ̺ӽߺߵһߡ
֣ƽ˿۾̺ӵһǣյ棬ᣬȻ˵ѽеӦˮҡ
ȥӵ˵ЦתͷȥǱ½
ΪۡߣɽɲǺܰȫ˵ʲôʱ򣬡ۡͻһǹɱ
Ϊڣ־ɵˣҲֻðͣһϡ
־ɡӡɽèǼһӾʧĸսѣȻҶǼҪ˵һҲûУ϶ǲܵģֻ־Ƕѹֱ
ϾǷǳʱڣݳڱ֮УԺҪߵ·к档
ԣĸǿǿ˵꣬һҲͱĿ
˶ڣûߵ½ߣ½ǾĴ˸ţֱ׼ȷĻӦˣ½ŵʵСôû˯
شһ䣺˯š
漴Ҳſ½ߡ
½Ƕһʵ˵ǹɵˣִϽ̹ǻ
öѣٺ١һǲըЦôʲô𣿡
½ҡҡͷҪ͵Ϯ˵ûţôƣҪ´ˡ
½̾һɲһ£һ꣬죬·ҲʪѣἫнٶȡ
˵һδҴŵģȫǼҩƷ÷ǳϸķˮҲ˵ҪĻ鷳ʹȥˡ
̧ͷ˿ϣҲЩ
˭֪ԽǺʲôʲôһһӴΣֱֱĴĶͷϣʱöͷһƬ
ţֱһ󻩻죬ɽХһ㣬Ǿˡ
ʱ㽫½·ʪ͸
ˡ̾ϢһƬ̣Ŷ½˵½磬ҹ¾ǡۡҲûӳѸڳڱȥҲñܱ꣬ܵˡ
½Ĭһ΢΢˵ͷ·һɽкһط
˻صɽ棬ϵҲûһǸɵġ
־ҲưһĴ꾪ѹĬȻŶ⣬˺һԭ˯úɽè˵ȥš
ѩ˼˵·ʪײõú¯ӣֽһЩˮ˸й¶Ľ䣬׼Щˮ
ֻ˭ûտӴһ漴һ󼱴ٵǹ
ǹ϶֮У˭ҲԣߴĴţ
ö˾һӦò͵Ϯģô¡
ӿ˼ǹҲԷȻڲסĽӽǲûǹӶʱЩֵͣʶԷʲôˣ
ֻǻʹúﻹӢһ飬ԷӦһ䣬־壬˵ģƫƫ
Ӵţɽèȴšüͷʳָѹǹϣ۾ضǰĺڰ
˼䣬ʵԷ˵ʲôҲûޣԷûǹңʱųӦӦòǰ͵Ϯˣߣ׼Ҫɽˡ
˾ѹϸȥ˵ĻƬֹ̣˼䣬漴վߵڡ
һɵʵ˵ĵʲô
͵͵Ĵ˵ǸˣΪ׷һͷ⯣ͷ֪иɽԱ꣬û뵽ռǳΣգ
Σաɽè˵ѵ⸽ֻһԱĵطʲôʱˣڴε˵ˣȻһˣҲűĵطͷӵģӣǺ˵ֻҪڣһɱ
ӵӦһûü¶ǹ־ȴںȵɽèëַˡ˶Ź
ɽè˵ǣǼˣɽû·һԷֻαװˣˣǾ
Լôûģ־ɵȵסΣǲ޹ӣźţǽ
ɽè߲ѣ˴㡰ҡ־ɣȴûٶ˵ȥ
Ӽ־ô˵ֻñȻŶ˵ԽɽһڶʮףٽǽΪв
Щֵ̿ĵ˵ͷϽ⻰߻ߴĴǸˡ
ǸһһУЩҲһö


618 ɽ
溰仰ʱڱһһˣϸƹһμΪӽ˽ϴģѾĽЬȫҲʪ͸ˣǶһվϱ̲ˮ
ֻ˸ոսڣϱ㱻Ѵ̵סǻӸɽè˵Ĵ̵
ȻԸ㶯ɱˣҪļ黹Ҫġ
ɽèѪ۾޲ֱӽԼǰǸͷͱ
һһٱ̵ţߴĴͬʱ̾˫֡
Ͻɽè˵Իɱǡ
־ɴӰ˳ú¯΢⣬ϸһһһ٣֮ϵĴԼʮֻ꣬жʮģ϶źüֻɽҰ֮ϵˣϻһ͸ĻҩǹӣɽԻ
־ɻû˵ȻŶ־˵˵ǵǱߵԻһԣ׷һͷ⯣׷ˣҪ꣬ϣи㡭
־ƳһԻüͷʵ˵ԻôûǴԹ
һ漴תͷͷֹһ䣬ͷӶûʲôԥֱߴﹾ˵һͨ
ԭͷɽûԹǴԹģֻǲ֪ðĵףըˣҪȻͷҲ׷ˡ
־ɿһȻЩɣ΢΢˵ͷʾ⻢Ӹɽè˿Էſӵעˡ
ɽèſǸͷӣﲻĺһתͷȥǱڶڡ
ԭ׼ӦͻϮˣ׷״Ӱ˳һﻹôˣͷӸˣ㶼岻ѡ
ôôˣ
־˵棬׸·ݸһһ٣Ҫǻϡ
ͷӶ־ɣ֪ǸмǺ£ǲȥ־ɵݹ
һ￴ϵɽ֮ˮ˳´־ｫ˹һЦţӲͷӣ漴ҲͷӴӦӦֱӾȥȡͷϵ
ôһͷӶʱϵȫȡݸӡ
ֻ˿˿ǸССú¯ӣֿ˿ʮˣסҡҡͷҲϵȡݸӡ
ȻֽһԵ˳ǰ˻Σ󹾹˵һͨ
ЦеţôЩЩڸû뵽ǰһһסۡһ˳
һУҲһԵॡһϡ
Ͻǰӣ˵˵ûʲô뵽ȥŪЩ
ӵ˲ɵһ˵ͷЦЦʾ˵뷨ܺá
־ȴͬһгĸԳ伢ȥŪԵľǶһ٣˵ˣⶴһѻ𣬾ͺиɾ裬ңһͻӰԼ˵Ӿ
ֻһͲ˼־ɵ˵ķԣȲˣ⣬ȥҲ
֪һƢҪֹӣһһ϶˯ã¼򵥵ĸ־ɽ䣬
˭֪һԼúܣԼվڶſڣһȥҲ
΢ԥһ£תͷ˴֮С
Щ̣Ҫȥһѣû뵽һקЦ磬𼤶ҿСӲʲôֻǸһᡭ
ûĴӵĻͷ˼һԵˣʲôÿ˶ôвУ
˭֪һǲǡۡ̽ģܲ۶𣿡ӡٺ١ĻЦ
ɽҰζȴûô꣬ӳȥҲǸ붼Ҫ飬ʲô̽飬ʲôҪۣĻ֪ӵĻӡ
ʱȥûã˾ȻĿһһû˻˵
˴ĲȫˮܵģȴһЩⶼˮôյ
û뵽ǣǸԻȴ⣬ù˵Եһ֦
ʱһҶľм˽Щľмŵú¯Ϻ濾ֽһ֦һ˿˿ϸ˿Щ֦ϸ˿ãú¯濾ЩľмѾɵ͸ˡ
ԻľмȼټϸոõЩϸ˿ʱһѻɽ棬һҲ࣬Ի˻˾ͿʼŻ⣬ԵЩ
ֻӣ־չȥϸһ£ֻһֱǱɰģӦԻĻҩǹģһֻȴǶǰȣӦǱӼжϣѪġ
־ɿʮȻЩһҲ΢΢ķ
ֻ·Ի
Ȼȥ˼ЩһֻɽҪˣֻ˿ӣﾡ֮⡣
ԻӦγջ񲢲ܹóֻӸԼ˷ѾǲףϾ˵˼͵ҪҪȡ
ˡﶼûʲô⣬ЦЦӻͳһƱݵǰֶ˵Ҫæһ£ЩԼҪȫЩǮ
ֹһ˿һĳƱҡҡͷֶ˵һ䡣
Щθ˵˵ǮǰǱҲͨǣǱڴ̣ǮʹˣԪĻܿһ¡
һã߾ǺܽôҲʹѵ㻹ܵȥԪ
ҡҡͷȻŰŽ͵ΪҴ̣ڵ䵽˱߾Ǳߣ߾ϵĿڰ͹رˣԣǮĺܲ㡣
Ҳףһ۶ֱɻƵǣ˵ˣԼһңܲ⼸ֻ
ǣЦЦ˻ǬóϴŦԼʱʣµٴεݵǰ
һнһǧ飬ʱüЦе˵ֻɽһֻӣһץ˹ŵǰȻϰԵ½ϲ˲֣ȥϵǮ
һһˣǾľİտΨӵв⡣
￾֮Ը־ɵһֻһֻӣرĸ֮⣬µģе˱Żѣĳ
ֻǴһ𣬳տڵĿˮҲĶ
䵱Ľ̸֮У˽⵽˵
һΰ顢ǴܲҵʧҪԭΪңҡաǵطĴկܵ˼ΪصĲ˵Ĵӣȥ֮ģҴˣһ롣
ңΪ̣Ҳ˸ԴѷһһˣͲòֲΪأεϡٵҰɽ֮С
ҲǺˣôˣҪȥʲô
ӵĴһѣָ꣬ЦЦ˵Ǹȥ͵ҩƷʲôġ
ŷ룬ƺӵĻɵб۾ȥ˿ѷһߵʮ


619 ͷж
Ա˺ˣɽҲûʲô˵ɽèӵһֱҹһ̲ͣļţɽˣȻǸǡ
˳Ա˺ˣʱû˺֮ǣһȻҲʮ㣬ʱһĶͷ˯
ңһе˶˯ú
ֻһѹú磬ֻһѹͻȻ֮һá
ѾҪϨĻӳ֮£ԭ˯ŵ˲ӰǶѵıҲࡣ
ӡѩϴ󡭡һԼĵļ˽˸飬ȴûа
һȥӣû뵽һڵϣһ󼱣һѽӰ˹
ã΢Ļ£ͣһ䣺֡
˵û˶
Ͻӵ̽һ£ãӦǱɺҩҩ֮ҩ﷭ˣϲûʲôǹˣȥѩĲ˼ˣҲˡ
ģȥһ½ˣȥһֱڶڵɽèӵˡ
ЩˣҲȫǻ˯ѣȴȫûܵκ˺
΢һ׹ԼһˣӦҲǼ˵İ㣬õǣ˻ʴȣֻǽЩŪ˹ȥûɱ֡
ҩʲôҲ󶮣ֱӦܣе˶Ū˹
ЩһѹһʱȻŭס
һˣȻۣдɽè̾Ҫȥҵˡ
ҲָŭӣĺǣȻҰ㣬ҵǣҲһƤ
û˵㣬˼ûûл֮ʱ϶ӳѾ˼ˣ
־Ҳɽèȥ׷ȥ׷ڣֻ˻û׷ϣԼͽˡ
ָһ֮½һʧʳǹ֧ҩʲôģҲһûʧʧģҲװŸ༱ҩƷıԱȴûа
ӿʱЩĲϴѩĴŮŹˣȻֻˣ
ṵ̆óԣЩɺˣҸ㣬ҺĲСûʲôҪȻҵһͲŹ㣡
Ĭһ˵ҡҪǵĻ
ɽèǺݺݵһȭͷڵϣŭӣŵģʲô˵˵ô죿
ӺһЦֵΣҪҪǶֻˡ
ˡ־ɳȵڲ׷˭εʱڳԺڵ¶ô죬ȥңҲʧĶ˵Ƕòٻȥˡ
ѩһԣЩ벻ף˵ֻҪĻֱӶ֣Ķȫǵˣôôʹģֻü
־ɳһ˵óûʲôɵġ
ʲôӶŽŭʲô˵ûʲôɵģһԵľˣǣֱӱǶԩ
־ҡҡͷΪֻˣ֪͵ǼʣԼģҪˣǺҲܹõ
ˣ֪˭ʵˣǵʲô
־ɴ룬ֻߵҩƷҲȷǳΣ֪ҡյȵȵطװװ̣¸ȱҽҩ֮ʣ͸мУֻ߼ҩƷ룬˾֮⣬ҲֻҪһСơ
⣬Ҳ֪Ҫɱǵˣ߶κ˺Ǿͻ⵽ʮٱıΪĿǣû˺ƾһ㣬Ҳܿóֻͨˡ
˶٣־תͷô
˵Ž˵ôװ׵ôҩǿ϶ǲɵģҩֵ˼СǮҲʲǶ˭˵ˣֻͨˣһѵԺ󻹵ˣ
Ƭ̣˵Ͻ̹٣֮Ƿֳһ飬ǰҴһˣȥѶʧĶһ
־ɵ˵ͷҲã٣ж࣬ңĿҲСȷǵжӡɽè֮͸Сһ顭
ҡҡͷϽ̹٣㲻õңңһԱжٶȻսز㣬Ҵ½磬೤ȫ㣬ϡۡҲԸһ
أ־ЩԾĿ
ЦЦôﶮ˵ĻұϣСͿϽ̹չˡ
磬ɲҡԼҲֵ־һߣϽе
һۣ˵ôһ飬㡢ѩĲС㡭
Ĳ˼˵Ҹһ𡭡
Ҳ˵ôߣҾôߣ˭ҲǷֿ
һߣ˵ûʲôսⲻ־ɺЩǡ
־ߣһ飬ʮ˶Ǹĺ֣ȻӡӡԼ϶ˣЩ˲Ǻأûս
Ҫչˣʮչһˣô˵Ҳ¡
ߣҶһ˽֮⣬ѩĲ˼ֻ˵սƽƽ˵Աӡꡢˣ˵ɱĸ
˵ôһ֣ǰеصȫһˡ
յ֮£ô־ɷŵ
ֻ΢΢һЦ˵İϽ̹٣ǵĿСжиơ
ã־ɵֻõͷӦ
ãȵɽɫ־ɴ½һˣǰϾۡţĶӣû׼ֶڰڼߵһһ˷ߣ㲻ܴĲҲһ󣬿ԾΪȡȫʱ䴰ڡ
־ɵ˽Сʱ֮˲ɽ
һ꣬ȻѾͣˣ߹ĺۼȫ٣ϧһϵƫƫࡣ
ֻƾżֵһѾģÿҪʧĽЬӡȷ˵ȥ
ļɽȥһССɽȣתͷ
һ·ϣӸЩģͷǰ·ûͣûĺۼǼͷ·ô׷᲻Ū˷
ȻֻͷϹ׷߹ĺۼȻ󲿷ֶѾˢʧˣЩ֦ҶϵϢȴûù۾
߹ĵطһ·϶ֵϢ⼸˵ָ·꣡


620 
Ȼߵ࣬ԵĲߵÿ죬ңһΣʱʱҪһξ룬ˣ˵СΪʱ˾ҩȥ֮׷ҲᱻƵ߻أ֪١
СͲֵһᣬʱĺۼȥܣֻԿһ֮󣬱ְ㼱׷
ڴ֮У׷һ磬ԽǰߣϢԽԽŨңѾܹĽӡˡ
ʱ׷ˣѾֻʱϵĳ̶ˡ
һ˷һɽڣȴɽͻȻͣôϢϢ
һ·ϣ϶ڼĸ·Ҳ˵ӡۻˣѩ΢һĲ˼Ҳġ
ͣϢһҪһʹ졭
ءꡱһȻѹ˵Ǿǰ治ԶҪţþǡ
һ˵˾ǰ棬һӷѹʵǾͿ׷ҪߵĲ׷
˵һ·۵ùǺˣھ׷ȥܴҪ
Ĳ˼ȴ˵òԥ˰ɣ
ѩĲ˼磺ôԥΪʲôҪԥ
Ĳ˼ѹ˵ѩ㻹ǲ̫˽˰Ǽñпѣҿ׷һ·϶ĬһֱΪѡ
Ϊѣѩǲ⡣
Ĳ˼翴һѩ͵͵˵֪ʴȣǵЩֻҪȥˣҪȥ˵᲻Ϊѣ
ѩءһҲһãҪĲ˼粻ô˵ѩҲûȥ飬Ĳ˼ôһ˵ѩҲԥֻȥǵĴЩʣ׸òȥ
һԣ˵ʲôΪѰȥˣⲻ׵ģʲôҪͣҲӦǶŶ԰ƾʲôȥ
΢΢̾һתͷ˵ұҲҪ¸ô죬ǵ˵˳ҲǾ˵ǲһеȥǡ
Ӻǲ˵⻹ʲô˵ģҪװ׵ĸ˵󣬶٣ǸһҲǲе飬ǣɣôĵֶΣǻʲô˵ģ£֮ٿ顭
տģôôǿƵġָƽ˿۾˵ᱩȥǽô
û˵ǵʱֳļһȥǽˡ
᣿ҳ𣡡Ϊ˶Щˣʹɱɱģûɽߺߡʲô߱£粽С
ʲô߱£ǵĶˣָ˵ƾһ䣬ǰɣͽ
ʲôʱˣϵıһӣվָӣŭѻ˵˭ͽҸ㽲㵹ãôô
վЦһôܣء
˵ţӾͿʼߣ첲
Ĳ˼ĺȵҪʲô
ȭͷЦŴϸ첲ϸȶļһǷ顭
ŭӣ㹻ˣⶼʲôʱˣ㻹֣
һڣӶʱЩȥصصϣȴ˵ߺߣڶķϣҾͷһ´Σɾûô˵ˡ
졭ٴγȵ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵㻹Ҫȥǰɣһ߶ȥ
Ĳ˼磬ƽ˿۾˵磬㿴㿴ⶼʲô˰
졭Ĳ˼ٴεȵ
Ĳ˼綯ŭֻһԱһߵ˵ûôôˣҪúõΣԺ󻹲÷졭
ۿӸ˸˿ų˵ӣڣҪٹȥֶҲ
ӳһۣȴҲ˵ʲôˡ
ѩʵô죿
Ĳ˼ŭһۣתͷ˵ȥ˵ɣҪǼҪǾ͡
һĲ˼ܸҲ޳ЩһЩҩƷʱһӻֹסϳ壬һɶҪԼ˵İǰЩҩƷ
ֻ۾һɣһҵʱѹȥ
˵ͷתͷѩ˵ֻܾôˣǿûپû٣ǱߣϽ̹Ǳߴȥģ㹻һʱ䣬취͹һЩˡ
ѩ˵ͷȻˣȻֻô졣
ֻżˣһֱ׷̫ƫһɽϷһ̡
ɽ棬һССĴ䡣
׼ȷ˵ֻһʮ񡢻Ͳé֮Ĳϣһܾӵء
ΣƼݵˡŮӣʯͷĹʲôʳϴֻؾһңϷﲻסʲô
Ҳкü˼Ͳ棬¶˵Դǳŵ˫ţȻЩŵˣˣ˲ˡ
ңли棬һŮ˻ߵĽкӣã㴫һӤĿţǼӸĿԼһ˱ݵĺš
һʱ֮䣬ԭɢڸˡŮӣǸ˹ȥ
һŴĿãɵתͷЦſһĲ˼ѩˡ
龰ȥЩҩƷ
ǸӤĿԼǸ˱ݵĺţ̲סˮЩĿ
ϰ塭ܲܡæ꺬ˮȻ˵
Цһ£ûüҪԼʲôæһԵ˵쿴һ
һһˣĸҴҵĳӣ˵ĺţһܣһߴﹾĴкš
Ĳ˼ҧҧ촽ֿһվӣͷҲص˳ȥ
ںе磬Ҫʲôȥ
Ĳ˼ǿ˶Σ漴ͷҲصȥ
Ĳ˼һߣ꣬Цһ£Ҳվ˵ĲС㶮һЩҽһȥ̫ȫ
ѩԥվ˵ߣһȥ
ˣȻһǻŭ𣬵˵Ȼ𣬶磬ȥ˰ɣһʱʰǡ


621 ҽ1
һڵΧǸȻûȥļǴ򿪱һȴɵɵۡҩƷֺ˵û˿ö
һŲϯϵǸŮһ̲Ѫ۾Ŀõӣֻʣһ˿΢Ϣӣǿ첻ˣһӽǸŮĸ֣סıš
ÿÿ꼱ٵĽе
ΧŵתͷżԲʵŮŮһȫţóһмСĺӣ۴ţɢӿ
ɼЩ˱ͬԲʵ˻֮
еÿ˵ġ
һܵһˣһ𣬶ʱ޴Ķ
û뵽ô׷ˡ
Ǹһˣתͷ˿ѾҪȥǸŮתͷһĵˡ
΢΢һЦ̤ǰ˵Ҫᣬ˵ġǽһ¡
˵ͷ˵ֵܽǣ˵ģкܺõҽ԰ǡ
ˣ˰ΣǸ˺ǻɵĶʵ
˵ͷÿҽøλɩβ
Ĳ˼±ֱߵ˸ǰ˵λɩǴѪøϽֹѪ롭
һԣĲ˼Ļһ飬Ĳ˼Ҫȥæ⻰굹û˼˵ڡ
ֻŮ飬Ҳ֪Ĳ˼ǽ˳˻ôģô뵽Ҫȥæ
漷ǰе磬һ˹ĻҲԽҰ
Ĳ˼û˵ʲô֣һ߶ȥ
ޡһתȥȴתͷ˵磬סҪҰæʹĽУҾߵš
±ǰʵĲС㣬Ҫô
Ĳ˼˵׼ֹѪ롢ǿ롭
һʲôģ˹һ͵Ĳ˼ǰȴ˵ֹѪ볤ʲôС
Ĳ˼Ǹȡһ˫ףһϴһ˵治бעô㲻֡
Цһ£ϸȥдܣȴΪЩţûҵֹ֧Ѫģ֧ǿĵġ
Ĳ˼һû˵ЩǰʲôԵģȥҡ
Ǳߣѩóֻܺϸһıע漴Ӷһã࣡һ죬ֻʱ򿪡
漴ѩܣʮĽܣݵĲ˼ǰĲ㣬ֹ֧Ѫ룬֧ǿ롭
æĲ˼ӹѩݹܣתͷ˵
Щɵʵô벻ôôҪ
Ĳ˼һȴ漴ŭôô죬ҪȻˡ
ֻǰȥ۾ѾѾʧȥɵĸŮ
ֻӴǸŮʱֻоǸŮѾһҲֻȻںת
΢΢̾ϢһǸŮźۼܣעǸŮڡ
ʱĲ˼ģĽĿƵøɸɾȻǸŮֱۣͬһȥ
ѩһЩɻʵĲ㣬ҺҪֱӾע䣬ЧӦúһЩɡ
Ĳ˼һְͷȡ˳ȥǸŮϵľ
ҽҲüҽԺ֪һ£룬ǹϵƿ
ôһ˵Ĳ˼ֲӡлģַԸѩҳһƿǣԼעͷ
ֻĲ˼ôһҲЩɻ󣺡ĲС㣬ҽ
Ĳ˼һ죬ƽԼҲһЩ򵥵˿ڴ֮飬˼ǿɶֱҽԺͰ
һ׹Ĳ˼ĵãЩ飬רҵԼǿĶ˵Ĳ˼磬ѩ
ﻹæһܻסλܣһʵ
ҡĲ˼һˮ˺һŵ˵ҲܷһЩҪԸ⣬͡
̲ס̾Ϣһ΢ǿһЩλʧѪ࣬ܣҲάֵüΪǿ
˺һڲ̧ͷĲ˼˵ҿӦøЩѪа취ûУ
Ĳ˼һʱһѪǱҪѪУҪȻͻᷢѪų⣬ԼѪAB͵ģ˭֪ʲôѪͣ
һһ˵ҪѪһߣӣ˵OѪҵİɡ
ѩһ˵OѪ̴ϲ˵Ĳ㣬ˣѪҪעⱣůѪ϶ô˵ġ
OѪǾͺðˣĲ˼һ۾ѩ̺ӣȰѲȻһܣӹѪ
һæ֮ϳٺѪҺȻְϵƿʲôġ
û뵽ǣһǩѹŸոճѪףûӣȻ顱һ˵ϡ
һĲ˼˾һϽȥӡ
ֻӱڻšӡӡĽӱѵ۾΢˵硭ҲἺ˰ɡܲǡҸߵóԵġ
һ漴ŭӣʲôʱˣ㻹ҪҪǸӢۼ
Ƕ˰ίĽе
ֺģǱǲΪӸѪΪܣȻ΢΢۾ءมһԭֻںתһ˳
ǲ΢һкеĶλĲܹˣ
ǸӶʱͨһȥ˳ֽվһԵҲعڵϣһ߿ͷһߴʲô
ǰԼһһתͷĲ˼˵ǡڸлǡ˵ǵľˡ
ҡҡͷ˵꣬ҪлǣǸϽҵóԵĶ׼Ÿλɩ
˵ͷת˵һͨ
û뵽ˣһʵòʲôõĶԥ˰ΣŸһȥ
ʱǸӻȴżľСķŵͷϡ
Ĳ˼ľ˿̲ס˵͸ų
⻰ӷһ飬һǸȻ΢΢˵ͷ˵ʵû취ˣ΢õܳԵģҲˡ
ӴӼ̽ͷ˵Ұɽô㣬ѵͲܴҰҰʲôġ˳ԵĶô
ŭӣ㻹˵Ҫ㣬ǲֳҰζˣ
ϣ˵ȷҲмֻҪԵĻȻܺúõĲӣƫƫһֻԵøɸɾ
ԴһԩһԹ˵ģôְ㵽һ˵ͷˡ
˻û˵꣬ǲǡมһ漴ʼ


622 ҽ2
һȺٴΧ˹ȥϸȥһλǲҰܵѾʼһЩѪɫǿ۾Ҳ΢䶯
һӣ˵㱳棬аװõ켦ôȥó
˹˹ԴǿԼһ·ϵĸô
ȥȥһڣŭ
һ¿ģɫʹʹȥ
ʱŤŤģһֻհװ켦ʹѵĵݵﻹֹ磬ⶨƵİԼûóԵġ
ȥ࣬һֻǸӣȻ˵ǰֻóһ󣬻߰ٸǲԡ
ôһ˾ȻһһƬ
ŵǶϽȥЩˡ
ǸҲڵϣ˫ֱǰ˴š
Ͻ룬Ǹ˵ǼҲһҪ˵Ĳˣ֪ϵˣҪܹȻļ˵ĻԸǵκδ
ʱ򣬲Ҫ˵Ҳûȥƽµ˼ˡ
ﲻƽˣȴģߵǸ˸ǰһѽˣ֪ˣ֪֪ˣǻ㵱ֵܣȴҩˡ
ΣҲյĺܣ˼һ֮ãҿۡûɱǹҪȻվ˵ģ¾ͲЩˡ
һë
ΣһߵӣסҾ򹰡
һžһˮҲһ룬תͷ˵磬һѾѵˣӣȾǣ
һ﷭һķϰ˵ģ˵ʲôҲû̫档
ֻһɫ£סĸиţսΣ֮࣬һ״ʡۣŭغдˣտ࣬տ࡭
Ĳ˼ȥ˵ļβȴһѾסٺЦԣոô߶һͨͦĻƵģ˵˵߶ɶͦǹӡ
мĿһӣѿȻм˵㶮ôĻ˵Ҳûᶮ
һһץסŭٸװβǣö˾ֵܣ㣬Ƶ㣬˵Ǹ٣㣬ŦԼڵϴǰҡڵģ˵˵˵ȥ򡣡
ҰˡٴҪһһ£ȴûɵŭҪʲô
ӡٺ١ŭЦҲûʲô͸ոɽǱߣҾһܵģпն
㡭һҪִܣӵĶ֣һ֪֮еġ
Ĳ˵һ·ʮﶼߵüѲһȴǶʮ幫︺أߵñö֪࣬ûñȵˣܣǾ͸˵
ӻͷ˿һȺ˵סߵĲ˼ˣعͷЦԣҲ̫棬һһ첲һȶʲôģ˭ȱж˭䣬Σ
ŵɫϵסϡֲۡͷ󺹵˵СӣǶˡ˭˭㶯ֶŰӶڲ֡
˭ǾӰһڣ߬Ҫȥһû˵ĵط˭ĸ첲ȶȱж
һһ߽еҰˣԩ޳ģҪжҵĸ첲ȶ
ӻعͷɭɭЦ֪ĲϴҶǰʲôϵҿɸ㣬ҪǶһֱţж˿ˣ˭㲻֪ܵط
һ˵Ĳ˼飬һӼ֪ǲѾ˵ô˵Ȼ˻飬ҲᰡҸһƽڰԸѡ˭Ȩ
ǲǣȢϱ¶йƽġӺ޲̾ͼһ첲ȶʲôĸжΪһڶ
û뵽淢ףվЩ飺˵ˣ֮ʲôϵողҪ״ʵôѧϵ飬Ҫѧʣô³ġ
ŭЦӣԹô³ˣôţ
Ǵֱɣſңһ״ʶҸ˵ɰϻͦӲģϣһͿˡ
ӻĺúõʰһ٣ôһ˵һиоþôһ٣ʦʤ֮䡣
Ӳɿ֣һ±ץʹֱָۣ۾˵Ҹո״ʣƵġɽػšһΣǶԷ⽨ͳռͬػ
ӿ˿ΧЩˣԴЦЦ˵˵йػЩˮȵϰյļ࡭
תתȻһڴԼע⣬ֻǲ֪Ӵʲôע⣬ô˵ˣֻõ˵ͷҵȷڸ̾սΣϰʧʹ࡭
ӺٺٵЦô˵ͬˣҲãǰ飬ҲͲƽˣ
һϽʵʲô
Ц㲻ͬЩô㿴Щ˺ö඼ûԹŵĺóԵȫó
㡭ʧ˳ӸộԭΪôһƨ£ֱ˵ˡ
Ӳͷһѣȵ㵽ûǲãˬ
Ĭ˺ðΣһҧϵıʳȫ˳
һﻨôҪóӿ϶ưոݵġ
⵹ЩƣԼ׼ЩʳȫԼϲ⵹˵ȫóҲûʲôôЩʳȻд󲿷䵽һȥˣ
Ҫʸףû뵽ΧĲ˼硢ǵһȦˣȻʱͻȻһ󻶺
ߵĲˣ˵裬һǰһ˸ӵ˿ͷ׻ŧΪûҽҩΣּϴȣ֮£ԭע·һң֮ǰܾʹĥ
û뵽ͻȻ֮ϵһ绨񣬿ֻشŮҽܣӴ׵ģһƿҺ壬׾ٵİڵĵͷȡ˳
ʱԭѾһϢӣȻ漣һ۾ٹһȻܹǿǿ˵ˣ
˵Щ񼣵ĻĲ˼;
һ֮䣬˶ק˻ʲô
񣬲ϣԺ绽Щ޵ġ񡱣ʵʵڵģſҽҽ


623 Ԯ
˴Ĳ˼ҽǲƿһңһһһֱҩֻشЩ֧Ųסˡ
ʲôˣĲ˼粻ǹҵƿȴòﰵܡæĲ˼ҽˣȴ۵ð
⻹߸۰Ͱ͵ȴҪȥƵˣĨһͷϵĺˮĲ˼˵ĲĲС㣬ܴܲϢϢҡ춥סˡ
ֻĲ˼ѩȻ֪ô˳ʲôŹ֣ȴǰҲû
ڿĶĲ˼ѩȻǰŰɣǱ߻߸Եŵˣô۰Ͱ͵ĳţĲ˼ѩȻǲġ
ѩô˵΢΢ЦЦ˵ڼһ£㿴Ƕأʧ԰ɣ
Ĳ˼ȴҡҡͷ˵˵ĻȥϢһ¡
˼Ĳ˼ѾΡ˼ˣڶԼġҽ֪Ĳ˼ǡҽҲ͸ŵĻʿˮƽҲֻǡȡҪβˣ»ǲôСһء
ԣֻÿЦðɣҲ߸ˣ컹ûڣϽġ
˵䣬ӡˣһЩܳԵģ˹
һЩʳͻͲҪ˵ˣһɫûУõܳԵģҲǰǸǱ߼ľľ˶ģҲͲʮ룬ģǸҰҶĢ֮ģסҡͷ
⵹̰ԣӳҰ˵飬ҲûɹһһԵĶҲ飬ԣЩָʳͲܾ
ֻпǣͬ˵սΣܿĻЩϰգһ룬µĿųЩݸƤӣ̲סᡣ
һӹһðɫĲĺһڣеţζ
΢΢˿ľʱüͷֹ˵⻹˳Ե𣿡
ųԷ⵱ѩ˵漱ʾԮҪܰﵽǣҲ͡
ǿǿľ˵ô㿴ӹ߹Ҫ˵ʹʣǿ֣ҲҪʱ䣬
Ĳ˼ҲǽһҰ˸ɸɾ漴˵ҪзɻܿͶǾͷˡ
̾Ϣ˵ʲôط㻹ڴ̣˺Уɻ˭ķɻ˵ֵȥҷɻ
ѩڴڵĽһĢȥתͷԼıóһǵ绰˿漴ݸ
һ˵ÿγţԸֻʲôҰʱ䳤޷֮⣬źҲһ⣬ԣֻҲûʲôô
ֻе˶û뵽ѩһǵ绰Ƚ֡
ǡЩɣи绰ʲôãѵɣϼڼﰲŷɻҪܵĻһҲòŰɽˮˣֱɻǸʡ¶
ֻû뵽ѩ΢΢һЦ˵Ҹ˵ʲôѵʱ򣬾ʹ绰ֻǲ֪źô
źôЦרΪûͨŻվƫԶƵǵ绰ǣͷûڷɡ
һڰͨż
ã绰Ŵһŵѩ㻹ðɣô绰ҪһϲѶ𣬺Ǻǣأʲôʱ顭
Ǽҿڽӵ绰
һ죬Ͻ˵ϸ磬ң
Ǽҿ漴ǺǵЦ㣬ÿһʵڵˣɲ
ϳѪһѩ漴żɽ˵ϸ磬Цһѣæ
æǼҿ˻ʵô£
ҰһܷɻһʵһȽƫԶĵط
Ǽҿһ÷ɻʵƫԶĵطѵʲôˣһҲ̫ܸ˰ɡ
ֻЦһ£˵ս֪ɣЩѣߡ
û˵꣬ǼҿǴһսȫ綼֪飬ôϣǱߣҪԼ÷ɻæ˾ɣǲսɣɲʲô顣
ЦŽ͵ˣʵһΪսٵ˼԰޷ȥæ͵Եõľ˵ġ
Ǽҿʱһˣ˵ٻ˵ǲսֻǾˣǾͿ϶ֻǾˣһ㣬Ǽҿ֪ġ
Ҫܶʱȥ׼ǼҿЩĵʵǻܳŶã
룬˵ʱԭ⣬Ҳ̫ܵãҪûԵģٵĺüˡ
Ǽҿ룬˵ҪɣиѸպڷɱǱߣǿɻģϵһ£ҪʣͶŵص㱨취
΢һ°ҪʳͨҩƷʲô΢һ£Լľγȶ˹ȥ
ʱǼҿǳԾ˵ģܼƲʮ֣ɿҪͲųɰ
һѵǼҿûͣ
Ǽҿһȴ˵ãҺѾǸģҪܶǮ
Цһ£ǮԼûôǣؼ¶ܰɣԽԽõİɣҪ
úúá챣ϵϢҴ㡣Ǽҿ˶٣Ц˵¾ˣˣмҵʣ˵ĲַˣǺǣûпǿѩ飿
̿⻰ôҲش˵飬οѩĲ˼Ŷ
ԣϽѵ绰ݸѩɤӽеСǣġ
ѩӹǵ绰һЦ⣬㵽һȥ
ȴ۾ѵڶһţͣ˸߲ҵ˵˵ڶùԮǺǡ˲ãˣǼЩ飬û׼ܹʷŨصһʣǺǣ͹˷ܵġ
ЦЦֻô˵ֻûһƲء
Ҳҡҡͷǻǲܸ˵̫磬룬֮飬ôףܳɣûʮ£Ҳٶˡ
һֺŭ֮ôˣΪͷǰ鰡ƨһ飬ͻ㣬ϼ¶ģҸ㣬Ŀʲôڰ£ߺߣ飬úõĿǽʲôЧʡ
һվŭָͷӳˣô˵ǲ
ӱ֣һмӣХɽۣˣҰɽﾣ·ߣĴǧׯɽստ࣬ͣտ࡭
Ĳ˼˿߿ӶˣӼʱôḻںˣ
ȴƲƲ죬˵ʮݺױߡƽ𲻸ӢۺһƬؼ䣬ףҲۣҲۡ
ͣȴ˸װףڼӣԼһ
ȻûҲûܶ꣬ȴƵģ΢һתЦк۵ްͨ鴺󻨿ֻΪɽ²ʣʰܳڣҲ⣻Ҳ⡭
ӣֵ۾˵ϡ
ûôĲ˼˵ϢˣҶȥæʫԣǶй򣿡


624 ׹
߸겡ҲҹЩжѵĴŪһֻӣһصҪ͸Ĳ˼ˣԱصľ⡣
ֻȥΨһһֻӣǰԼһЩʳó٣ˣָȺصˡ
ЩڳȽϸɾҪĲ˼סȥ
Ĳ˼硢ѩŮӵûҲֻסһ˾ûôིˣ˿ŴüľԼŹһҹ
ڶһ磬緹ʱЩ͹ģֻǰǶŵҰˡľ֮ĳʳ
ѵľֹ˵ҰɽôҲǷԲܴٶٳԲʲ˵ģó˰
⻰Ĳ˼ȥˣĲ˼統±˵ɾǼˣס̵ʱˣ⸽ЩҰζҲͱԹˣ˶ˣһĶﹻԣ
Ҳ˵ڻеóԻģ뵱꣬һ弸ԵĶҲŵӣҲ
м˵Ǳߣ㻹춼ҲԵģߺߣֻ˵û¡
ŭ˵ɣߺߣû£б£Ҹ飬ȥŪֻڹǼ
ɽˣ˵飬飬ֵȥڹǼ
ߡһͷ
ӻҪ˵ȥվֹӣ˵Է֮ǰŦԼǱŶˣʱͻзɻǰæߣ̾ߡ
ͻзɻ˵ǼҿİЧʲߣڵȴǣھߵĻȴû˵ɻˣҲ޷׼ȷͶʣҪȴߣƱؾٴεһг̣˵ˣ־ǱߵҲֹۣϾ־ɵĶ֣ϼ޻ġۡ
ԣ̾ߣɻ׼ȷͶߣҲĲ˼˵
ӺǺǵЦ磬ףͷ͵ھߣԵľǰ;ϣ飬һֱģ԰ɣ
ȴ˵ȫ԰ɻͶʵķ˵ȻٸȥǻϣǸá
ӵһ˵ʲôãǺˮҰ˶԰ɣ㣬̸ϵǱߣҲδػ϶٣Ǳߵͼܻأʱ򣬱˵Ұˣߺߡ
һ죬Ų˵Ǻ³ҰˣҪǵҪʲôǵҪ񣬾ѸٵĽҩ͵ĿĵأԮֻһĴҪҪθ
ȥģʲôҪҪӺŭǵҪʲôǾˣＸۿҪˣֻǴҪոȥıʲôˡ
ҲŭʲôҪأҸ㣬û׼ǵѪڸۡսǵͲˣܼʱϹȥǾͶһս
ŭЦϽ̹ǺΣգսһ䣬Ϲȥǹһ죬㻹ֱɣսϽ̹ǰɣɣȥҪǲŶ԰ɡ
ô˵˭Ầ˭ɫףǡǡСҪúúõС˼빤ҪȻ쳳µģ֪ڲѡ
ôһ˵סЩݸҲŭЦڲѣǺǣⶥñӺô󰡣ﲻ˵Ǹ㷴
Ĳ˼˰Σվ˵ʲôִģԼø˵仰µִȥٵҲû
ӡѩһӰĿ⼯еϡ
΢΢̾һ˵ǺãǾ㶺һ죬һ磬Ǿͼӽ·
ӡѩ˶ʱһȴеʧĲ˼ȴһҲáҲõν
׵֮Ĳ˼ѩˣȥιЩţٲҪȥӸȴ¡
еģ˴ʳȥЩӹӸһ飬Ǹһģ˻ЩһϷĴһƬ
ȴԼıϣɵɵķ
ʱ򣬻ûԷһﾹȻƨƨߵҵص˵磬²¿ҵʲô
û˵ʲôܳԵģóԵģ
磬ʲôʱҲϺóԵˣǺǡʾԵĹϵ󡭡һЦ˵
Ը˵˵Ը˵ûû˵
ȻֱĺıԼأֻȴԼܳסЦЦ˵Ҫû飬ȻҲܸ˵˵ˣ鷴Ǻǡ
Ҳ֪һҪлԼ鲻õ飬ҲôҴŵĵԼθڣӼȻô˵ǾͿ϶һܡȤ飬ȻȤ飬һ綼ﲻסġ
䵭ӹȻﲻסˣһץס䣬Це˵磬Ҹ㣬Ҫˡ
ҪˣתͷһΧĻ漴û˵ΰ㣬ʲô㷢
ߡҲԸⲻԸ⣬קӣܼ߳ĵط˱ԵһյϣָϷѹ˵磬֪ʲô𣿡
ͼһ飬ŴǸǵĴӣҪȥĵط
ԣӵͷֱָŲԶһɽ壬˵ԭҪǸߣ԰ɣǱߣûǸطɽǲǺһԪ
ҲͷЦǵȷһԪȥˣȢϱʲôģ㹻ˡ
ֻһЦԵģɽԪһܴûȥô
ȴɫ˵磬ҾûЦʹǵĿ󳡣ҲͲԶˣ˵ʲô
˵ʲôһ漴˵˵ѾǴӵĺɽ
ˣ㻹ǵòĬϵ˵ôǸɽ桭˵
һ˵ӣסǴӵĺɽʲô棬Ƕǰ͵֮飬ڲȥˣȥ䣬ô
ϲ̵˵磬Ҿ֪ƽ⣬ô˵ɣҴԪɽ棬ǲһܡ
һĬϵ˵ǵĺɽ֣ͺ治ѣһȥģֻǲûѣлᣬȻҪȥ
Ȼ棬£ǹ˲ϣûӡ


625 Ѿȣ1
ʱһףö˶ʼõ꣬ȴһԭͲҪ֮ǰ׵磬һҴӽ
Ȼ׼ȷľγȶ߹Ǽҿ̲ס˵ѴŨŨḷ́ȻһȺܵյϣȥӽ
ķϷҲǴǸϿչ⵹Щϧ
֪ǸӵĵصҲ߸Ǽҿ˳·ͶһʣһãֻڶܿеķɻٺҲˡ
ۿŷɻԽԽϵȺ˵û
ֻһ̣Ҳ֪һֱֱײһ棬ϵȺĿǼ̾ҪɵͷͻȻ֮˸ͷȻһͷԪɽ
Ŀŷɻ׹䣬ˣԭظȺҲһӾֹһľһ㣬ʱŷһ̶˸
ãһɻˡ
Ҳһ϶ǡۡǸɵġ
Ĳ˼еȥˡ
ѩתͷűĵط˽ȥĿŷɻ׹ķֹס
̾һ˺
ʱһƬ֮Уñһ׹ĵط
;Ԯʵһһ·ۡʮ˴ڶӷ˳һ֧飬䷢ģҪǴۡһҪԼֶΡ
һԲûʹۡҲ˾ģۡԲʹʹľȥ
ԪɽǵӡҲͰ·̣һˣ֮ǰڸϵԪɽΧ򣬵ǷɻϵʲôĶѾȼոɾ߸ûټԪɽִͬɫѾԲԵĿɻ׹ĵط
еˣһȴҪ죬ʵûӵ֮£һǿ˸طסֻһ̶
һҹûһ˯ãʱڣ˲ݲݳ˵ҪԪɽȴһź
Ѱļ׹ķɻø
õǣ֪ۡ϶ҲһڵҲȫࡣ
ֻ˲ſʼ˲С鷳
Ӫؼϣ߲ʮףǰӣͻȻһһӱݽӡ
󡭡һһ߽е
Ҷһ߽ţһ߾סԱһڰСС˫һŤӲİСŤ
ֻС֦Ӵſǻе費ɰҪµ
С쵽ǰеץס
һץסСץסһĵݣ¶ʱ󶨣ǿЦ˵ãץסˣҽһǾһþ
û˵꣬Щֵ˵ףһоûУôᶯ
һӣһ̧ͷȥֻ󲻵ԶĵطһοһĶܿӿһͷԴﻮͻȻЩֵĴеӣ졭ץ
ӻں棬Ĳ˼е㡭
㡭ʲô㡭һûӦЦʵû˵꣬ͻȻɷеģ硭
һ߷һߴУץסץס
ǿľһһ㣬ӽӵһɲǣӲĽӴﳶ˳
ߵʳȴһգ֮ˣưոݣſѪ죬ļһ㣬׷ҧ
ӻſڵϣոշۿĴҧһ֮£һ˹ȥԱߵҲǶǸǹֱӾͱ˹ȥ
һգҧסǹǹܣԴһ˦ȻӲĴǸǹ˦ֱӷ˳ȥ漴ٴſѪ죬ҧ˹ȥ
Һʱ˵ߣһѽץһӣֻȭͷ硱һȭıϡ
Ҳ֪һȭʲôӣһŤԴͷȸղŸ֮УһڶƬ̣ʧ档
ֱʱ˲ųķһ
ֻһﱻڰæ֮һˤſڵϽе硭ôࡡҵ
㻹˵ӵĴСУתͷѩ˵Ũ߲ãҾһ㣬ٳ¡
ִӱ׸·ȥҸط
˵ӻ·Ҫǰû뵽ϵͻȻִһ
תͷһŹ֣ĿԱ߲Զĵط
ô£Ĳ˼üͷʵ
СʲôոǱߡɫŹֵĴ
˵˵ŵǱߣľ΢΢ζһ£漴ȶ
üͷ˹ȥȴûȻϢҲûһ˿
ǷɣʲôֵôСֵģĲ˼˵һ䣬漴ּ˵߰ɡ
һ̣еߡ
ô£Ĩһϵûɾ࣬ʵǲ
棬û˸ȥôӵ֮У½ϣܹһ
ֻһ仰˸ɢ
ߣŪһ
˵⻰ӡۡĽһԴǰ˳ȥֻûͨһֵǰǸ
һͺߣ͸ôһ˵Ӷŵ÷£ʲôҲ˲ˣףڲס
Һּۿ죬һץסӵ·죬ٴΰӴﳶ˳
ʲôȵ
ɫɷף˫ȷ˺һŽͰ͵˵硭ߡ
ֺֺЦֻô˵ǻûôʲô
սս˵硭֪ġ첻¡ز¡͡Ƕ
ӵĻͷû˵ڿɺˣҵȥ·
ûˣǡߡߡ˵ſߣһ˫ȴסĴ
΢ָһŴһˣƿǰףǰߡ
ʱҲñǰ̽·ٴֳӵȵʱΣյΡ
ʱ򣬺ļˣǾ񲻶ģͺʲô׷Լܡ
ǺѩˣԼҲָо
ҵǣָоֻʱʱԶȫûΣü޵ıƽҲֻʱȥᡣ
һƿضΣܿ͵һƽϸߵб棬Ϊأ嵽׵ʲôطҲֻƾ쿴ΣӼжڵλãǵԪɽɽš


626 Ѿȣ2
·ΣӦþ˳ɽһ·ȥܲҵǼĲкԼǲǻзɻϵļʻԱһ
Ҳҹڷɢֻ˲Զľ룬У
ʲô׷ںָоڼɽ֮󣬾ͱø΢ǰ׷ż˵ĶԽԽԽԶټϼѰʧ·ɻУҲ˲Щ
ɵ֮Уѱ˵һСɽͷ˷һɻϵĽ֮⣬Ҳû֣ӣɻĲкӦòǺԶˡ
ֻɻĲкԽ˵ԽǽţϾۡҲпܾһɽͷµһ棬Ũң߼ֻмԶľ룬ң滹һŨصֲ︯ζ
ǵĵʵ˵ڴ֮Уʱʱĳɽ棬ɡ
һߺǳͲܰѻϣ
ȵ͸ұϣ֪ۡпܶĳ𣿡
һ䣺ۡϽ̹ǻԶʲôÿµģ
⻰ǾƲȥۡôŵĿɱ˵ԶԼһɾֻм̽·ĹӣҪϵĻԼһ˻üΪѿ
ԣӸֻߺ˼֮Ҳ˵һ仰
˸˵˼仰ߵߣ˵ϰ壬˵Ҳǰˡ
ʲô˼ʵ
˶٣˵˵һƬɽ֣ԶĵطҲֻߵ˵ϴʱһͬģĸ˶ûܻȥ
΢һ漴ʵ꣬˵ǴĴ˵ǲǺܽӽ
˵ͷ漴ҡҡͷȻ˵ǴĴ˵ɽ֮УȷĪ⣬˭Ҳ֪ʵʲôģһӲ˺ü˵飬ǴûΪû˸ҽɽ
عͷкһĲ˼ѩˣôԭϢһ£Ҫǲ֪ʲôգҲ㴳ߣǼȻЩȻ׷ŹЩ鲻ŪǾЦοڸԼһÿһˣϡͿľ
˾۵һ֮͵˵棬꣺֪ܲܰ˵һ˵
˵ͷ΢΢һ˼·ż򵥵Ľ˵ݴ˵ɽԭһķأǸŷẒ̌˵õʪŵİһƬ򣬽һ
ôһ˵˶ЩͿⶼĶĶʲôʪţû˵
˵ĺվȽ٣˵ʱܶ໰Ҳʲ⣬ӻϲ֪ơ
ѩȤһ˵Ͳ֪˰ɣǴǵǼ棬רžһ˵ġ˭ƽﲻȥЩ顭
εһЦԼҪЩ飬ʼûʲôʱ䣬ⲻæ
ѩٴεһۣ˵νǺֵģӦǽռšҲСءݼأռŹйŴռ˥ܣռ׳˳ʷ̨
ѩôһ˵Ӷʱϲѣ˵Ҿ˵ԪɽйµĵطǺǣû뵽ȻʲôĵƤٺ١
һӣ˵ˣڵѰʧµķɻԼ͵Ŀĵأȥ⡣
Ĳ˼һԳ˰ΣͻȻ˵˵ʲô˵ıأʵϻ᲻˵
пܡ룬˵ش飬Ҳȥ²⣬룬᲻Ƿֳʱڣż֮䷢ܣҵһЩűȴûܴȥҲ˵һ
Ӵ֣˷ܵòˣ޲̾ҪֱӴȥ
ֻѩ˵ֻռŹҲãҲãǹƣջƻɢҾС˵һҪرע顣
ʲô顭˲ʵ
ʪ񣡡ѩ򵥵³֡
ʪ񡭡ٴʧ
ѩ˵ͷص˵֮飬Ȼƽϣһǲܲ˵֪νʪԭӡȵ֮һ䷨ͷ϶һãʹ£γʥбϣͷϵߺһʾʪһ棬ʪŴһСɵĻ״ƷһȦһЩ鱦Ʒ
ѩĺ֮꣬Ȼʤټѩ˵֮ʱҲ鲢ïϸӵ˵棬Ȼֳܸѩеġʪ
ֻ渡ֳġʪһֲѣͶܻ֮Ķħ󣬵ӵǰǾһͰףƽ׽ˣͬշҪΪѩʪʱʪϵƷ鱦֮ĶҲ˵øϸ
ӿʪҲãҲã˭鱦ԼһСơ
ڹʲôģԲǾѬ˽ʮߣ
ȴǲĽʲôģþͻţǽͲ˵Ȼ󣬹Īľﻹе׵ġ
ѩ˵ʪ񡱣Բ޵ķʸȻܲСһЩ
ѩּ˵˼ʪ⣬˵˵֮Уʪұ߿ϵֱַֻһꪡһһ֧ì±ߵֺֻûκζ⣬ʳָĴָָഥ˵ƣʾߵֱһֻȣһһСıŵͷλǰֻŵԲһɳ©״ֹģʪûŴĽ֮ġ
֮ѩĽ˵֮£ӵʪ淢
̲סӣһҪֻѰʧǵķԱԼе͵Ŀĵأʲôǧ򲻿а̰ģú֦ڡ
ŰĴӦ˸ͣȴ͵Цѡ
ЪϢһ֮һٴַ̣ɻ෴ķѰΪʱأ˸ûӾȷ
ѩ׼ָָʾķλнķӦǼϷ쿴ŷɻ׹ķ򣬴Ǻϵġ
һ·ȥ·淢ߣ֮ܽ֯⣬ľҲԽԽߴ׳ҲԽԽ᫶ͣһЩϱ£ȻЩϱ£Ǻܸ߾ҪʵǴ粽С


627 ȵ
ΪĵΣԼְյɼʹǵҲԸ
ֻ˼ѵһ֮ٴη˷ɻĲƬȻֻǰưС飬һӾͱ˺ü飬˵Ѱҵķûдġ
ҲɻĲкǰ治ԶĳطɻϵļʻԱҲĳȴԮߣѰҳ·
˵нӼģģŨ֮Уһʮ׸ߵʯ£꣬ŷ֣ǰ澹Ȼһұڣֻұ棬֣Ҳ֪ұжߡ
ݼ˵ľ飬ұӦò̫ߣϾǰһΣ˵Ҳʮ
ҪǰߵĻ͵ȥȻٴһѡ
֮£˵УѩˣӦֵεľҲΪḻԣҲ̫⡣
ֻǵһµұڽ£ȴЩԾˣȣұѾǰ˹ƵĶʮ׵ĸ߶ȣʵʵĸ߶ȣѾﵽʮףپǵŨ߼̵˲ס
Ӿ࣬͸ҹһֱû취ǰߡ
ѩ֮һΣѩ̲סЩģʯ֮ٵָĽǶѾƫת
ǰļƻͷɻƬľӦһֱϷλߣǵʱָϼѾȫƫתѾָҲ˵ѩָֻ뵽Ѿȫʧ顣
ָȫʧ飬ӵ˲ʮ⣬˾Ǹʲôİˣ޴ĳֻҪŷɻƬǰߣϾͲʲô⡣
ѩӸĲ˼綼̫ⷽϵ飬Ҳֻ΢΢̾һǰ
һ£ǰ˲һԶǰٴη֣ǰһ£棬ǺڳĲ֪ǳ
һʯͷߵ󣬳ȥ
һգ۾㴫ءһ죬ĬĬһ£ƣǲܸߣԼֻжʮ׵ĸ߶ȡ
Ȼֻ߶ȣǾͲ˵ˣֱµ˵
һΣӴͷһµףûһ˷ܵش˵µķ֡
һµ֮ڰȫԱˣһǰһΡ
ȥ֮ŷ֣˵·֣ǰʮ׵ĵطַɻĲƬ
ȻҵĲƬ࣬淢֤Ѱҵķûġ
ֻѩٴóָʱָָʾĽǶȣѾûȷˡָǳһ㣬ҡθͣҡڵĽǶȣﵽ˾ʮȡ
ָŷɻƬЦ˵ʱ㻹԰ڣԲʱ˰ɣû׼ɻкǰ治Զĵط
Ҳûָʧ鵱һ¶ָͨ룬ĳЩʧ飬Ⲣʲôϡ飬ֻҪѾȵķǶԵģߵķҲϡ
ҲûǰˣҪǿڵʱԼҲӣǴ߹ĵǵһϿ֮УŨ񣬻Ѿ˰ǰߵĻϾѾǰˡ
Ȳѣµ°Ӫկ
ֻһҹǾľģ˯ţҪȥģͷ¶ȴϡﻩһʯ顣
Һ˵Ӫص±ȽԶһʯ˵ûа˺Ĳ˼˱һŶҲ˯ˣؼҲ˯ȥˣղһʯ飬ӪĵصҲʮ׶ʮףһرģҪһģֱӾпڼͷϡ
ԣҲ˯ˣֻ˵ոһʯ飬ЩˣԵ޹ʵģôôʯ
ӵǴֵ˵û¶ɽҰģûɽҰ֮Ұ˵ˣ治شһƽطôֻҰ¶·ŪǸͲʲôϡ顣
ô˵ȴ淢Щѹ֣һֱڼδ֪Ķ֪ʲôأ˵ǰʯһ֡׷šĸоͻȻ֮ǿ࣬Ȼ漴ʧˣָоʵ̫ǡ
ҽһֱٴǿǰ漸ԶĵεʱҲûʲô쳣
ֻǼٴηһߵСɽ֮󣬾һ£ңһһߣһһס
ʱϵķɻĲƬѾԽԽˣѾǵ˷ɻ׹ķΧ
ЩƬȴһ¶ǰʧһɶɻҪкӦþһ¶档
ŻмԶߣ˼Ҳûԥֱӷӣһ¡
µ֮˾ķ֣棬߷࣬ȻͷϺڳĸգ棬߾뾹Ȼܵﵽʮ׿⡣
ĵΣȴԽӣһſŲ֪ľʮ˲ܺϱùϵĢǴɡǣü˼һ֪֮С
ꡢ˶ĿɿڴĿΧľ󣬶벻Լס֮أȻĵط
ֻһ̲ס̾˵ϵһƬ˰ɣľֲȫԸ٪޼ͻ⡭
̲ס˵ԣѻ˵һʲô⤼
¶һҰ˾Ұˣ٪޼Ͷ֪Ƴһӣȴ˵ȥԹԵȥһ꿪üΪȴ˶ֲͬ
ѩǺ˺ߣӽ͵٪޼ͣҲһҲǵһڶǰĻΪʱǳů棬ԵµϸĶֲͣӴ󡣡
Ҳ֪ǳĸһ˵Ŷˣ٪޼ĶǿǱ԰ɣ
ѩ˵ͷȷ٪޼;дԵĶִоȴ٪޼еʳ٪޼֮İѼ͡
ǰȴͻȻعͷѹ˵Ҿ£һЩҸоЩͬѰ
ӺǺǵЦʲôͬѰС㲻˵ˣһڶǰĶǺǣѵܱĳһֻɡ
δ䣬֪ʲôطһһĺȻͬţ࣬ü˵Ķ䶼ֱʹŲһ㣬һȫ˫Ŷ䣬þõĲҷſ
ǽ˺һͣЪֹãŸҷ¶Ŷ֡
Ѫɫһ˫ֻţֻǵʱĶ涼ڡˡ죬ڽкʲô
ȶ˵ʧǼһͿʼԱߵһȥ
ֺֺЦʵӣʲô
ſϣепõȥһܡ
ôһ˵ҲЩˣֱӾԼӽĴȥ


628 ë²
û˵ӦûкԶ˵ľôôܼд͵ĿҲŸʲôοǻȥҷɻ
ſϣתͷһ󣬲ɵõ˵ͷ˵Ҳǣ˵ҪпͷҲϡ֮ҪŪȥҲܿ۽ĻЩƱ
һ뵱ӵĵ˿ֹһȦ´ߵߣѹ˵磬Ҫɲֹң԰ɣ
һԣﲻ֪ڴʲôע⣬΢΢ЦЦ˵ʲôܱĶΨǣҪһֻٺ١
ʮĵЦô˵ͬҵ뷨ˣٺ١磬˵ҪһֻĻֱĺûǹһٿǮһƱ˲ι۵ĺã
ѩ˶Цһ
룬ȴ˵ֱɣĻǮ˵ԼţûǮԵģǮҲõģ˵
ѩֱӰסӣϽֹס˵ȥѰҷɻкҪ˵ȥʱ·û
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һˣ˳ŲʱֵķɻƬǰѰңȵԼĪ˰СʱڼɻҪк
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Ҳ˲ȥӸôˣһֽץ˹Ĳ˼ѩ˴һס漴˳ȥ


629 Ҵ
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һɲǼ䣬ץŲŵһʹָӲץ壬̧һֻţ͵˱ŵֻǹϣ漴ʹһƣ˳ȥ
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΢һ˼ҴΣգǳģ˶ڻ棬ưȫؼûС
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ֻҪͷ뿪ȥѩ˻ϣû뵽һ˽еߡ뿪ط
˵Ӣû뵽ȴһɫƤˡ


630 ܣ1
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Ұˡһ漴ðһҪЦͷҰʲôµģҰֵܵסִ
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ʼʱ򣬺ܰһǹͻһȻǷ˻һ󣬵ͷܼ˻𲻶ϣǷ˷һ˻Ľأͬһ㣬Ծ׷֦֮ϣɳʯ
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Ҫ̵ͷȥһͷŭĴܣȻ׷˵ʱ뵽Լܰͷ˵ĹԶԶҲ÷ѩӡĲ˼˰ȫĵط


631 ܣ2
Ҳȥ룬͵ǰһܣȻٴζĴܿǹ
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ԣɴֱԵʯͷɽȥ
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ʱ㱻ؿոպԼȥĴС
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632 ʯ¹ų
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ֽ̲סЩһڸԼЭͶ˼ɡ
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οǰһ׷ŴǸԼǿѾռϷ磬ôЭ˵¾κҲԲϡ
ֻû뵽ǣͷЩĽԲԼЭԮ
ԮͬԮ
ΪһҲһĽţĽʮֿٵ߽ӽ
һ£Щɵˣһͬ飡
ѸٵĹһǰʽƾһ׶ļӲ±ڣԼұںʯԼڲ֮أˣԼʯһ꣬ǹ֮ͣҲ
˵Լתƹ֮עҲܹΪѩǼѹӼɵسȥ
Ϊ뿴⹷İ֣ʲôĻɫ
ʱĽѸٽӽһ̲סһ⹷İ֣ȻǳԳң˼ֻһȺһȺԳ˵Ҳߡֻңֻͣܲ࣬Ը
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ЩԲֿǰ
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棬ľ̾ҪʯȥʱͻȻ뵽һ⡪ǸƤԼЩĴߣĻ᲻ЩԳ
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һԥȺԳһѪĴ죬조ߴߴһУƺʾһ㡣
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û뵽ǣЩԳȻ׾ٵľͱܿͷһ
ңһʯͷҲЩԳ﷢𹥻Ѷš
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һ˫ץ׼õʯͷ׼ӽͷëԳҿžһӡ
ʱ㽫ͷԳͬǰͷһ㣬Ƥһɽûڴʣһֻë׵צӣֻצֱӾһץ
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һˣһŲȿգ˱ʧȥƽ⣬һ׶ʯں棬ȻǸ޴Ŀռ䣬򿪵Ǹ׶ռʮ׸ߵĵط
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˴ٴסˣ棬һǽʯʯ֮⣬Ȼһ׵Ķ£Ȼɽɽġ
Ŀ֮棬־޴ò֪жټ䣬һһ飬һŵӶѻһ㡣
˲ţɽ棬Ȼ˵漣治֪ʲôõġ
ӲŵǣԼұϣԼ߰һĸ߶ȣǽϼǱķܡ
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Ȼ־ɡ½һˡ
Ͻ̹١½硭˲̾ҪǽЩԳһ˫ֺ£ϣ
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˵ţɽèǹź桰硱Ŀһǹִȵߣˡ
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ʱ־ɵ˱㵽ǰһ棬־ɸû亮ѣֱ˵ܣߡ
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־ɡɽèӡ½ʲôĳûȴһ׷ǱҲ֪ߵĿֲӣֻ־ߣԲĹܡԳ
һ߸ǰܣһ߻عͷ־ɴŵһ֮У˺üˣɵʵϽ̹٣ءСϰ೤Ǽء
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½һһ˵ۡ漴ͲӰ֪ΣգԲŸ˸׶
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ǰһΣ㴫˻˻죬عͷȥֻʮԶϣһԴˮײӸǴһֹۼ׵ľŷ̵һ࣬ٵζ
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633 ӵ
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֮УӸ־ȹأеǹ׼ͻͻĿ
Ҳ˲ֱ࣬óӣڵһãóһƬʯмȻץʯм׼Ѫ˹ȥ
־ɸȥǹھϣҲֻǰѾ΢΢赲һ£һʯͷӹȥȻͷԴһ
־ɸ˶ǳһʯͷȻǹ
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һɲǣ־ɵֻϷӶкü޴ĺӰԾ
ӻõУźӰ§һӡ
һЩӰʱɫ䣬еߡ
־ɴУʲô
һ˹ӣһ߬һʯͷУǾԳǿߡ
һ̣ǼͷԳԭһؾҪ˹ģֻ⼸ͷԳ֮ǡɾھǰ棬кüͷֱӲȵ
˻˻һХһѪ죬һھǸëԳͷҧ䣬ǻëԳԴһ˦һƾçͷ
ͷĴ컹ûҧëԳ۾簤һȭ
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µļͷԳӵϣıץץĳһգۼ䣬Ƥۼ׷׷ɣһʱ֮䣬ȣȺĴǾʯ׹أʯмɡ
ҲͬСɣһһѪһһϣһɫľԳײôϷ˳ȥ޴ѹסһͷԳź֮䣬һҧסëԳһֱֻۣ漴һ˦ӲëԳֱ۳
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ҪһΣҲΣ
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־һ˼ʵСǴģ
΢һ֪־ɵ˽ĵ·϶ǼޱȣʱҪǱԭ·ȥĻҲ˵ܼʱЩֲľԳ
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ʯͷһͷԳ֧ۣͷԳʹצһɣȻ䡣
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ֻͷԳƤжֿޱȣͲͨǹһգ֮͵˴ǽ֮
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Ȼ־Ϊʲôô˵һɲ֮䣬һѪӿץǹѾ˸ڣͼǿԽϱڵľԳ硱Ŀ˼ǹ
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Լܴ߶ʯ飬ӵЩҪֱܴ߶ӵǸ
Σʱ뵽ο컯ǰΣȻǴŲкʵʵġ롱ɷ֣ҲΪ򵥣Ϊӽʵʵ뷨


634 ˺Ԯ
ܴ߶ӵҲûҲ֪ʵЧʹʲôԣһʱ֮Ҳ֪
΢һͨǹ֮޷Щ˺ҪԭǶܲ㣬ҩըٴһЩܽ⡣
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ʱ򣬶ѾͷͻҲãű߼ʵĻҲãܵһԡ
ֻͷһ֮䣬һֱܴǹӵ۶
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־һ־ǹһŽѪ䣬תͷС
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ȻֻǰѸֿ޴ҲɽèȻأɽèĲӶˣɽèڵϣҲ
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ƫƫʱ򣬻ӡ½Լ½ֵܣǹӵѾ⣬жѾˡ
ۿһգ֮󣬼˶ᱻͷԳֻһ㣬ʬ޴棬е˼ҧֻܶͷԳŭĿӡ
һ̣һ̴ӼͷббĻһ˲֮䣬ϱߵͷԳԴըͬһʱ䣬ٻ֧ǹһͷԳǻ־ɵ˵Ļҡ
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һУ˼˼ĸУһ˲֮ͷϵĵ꣬ٴγͷԳ
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֪һһ˵ֹģټȥֻ½˷񣬵£еӣ£ϽѰҰȫĵط׼սһúܡ
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ԣ־ɸɴݴأֱͷһƻ
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ҲֻˡҲе
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Լ컯ӵ飬һĪչϻ֪ôӺδ֡
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ӵĽṹǺ˵׻𡢵ǡҩǵͷͷͭףǸоҪ˵죬ԹܸҩǺȴǹųܲסܸ֮Ļҩ
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ͷѹӵ־ɣһһµУһץһߵǹʲô
֮Уɽèӡ½˲ĵطҲϡﻩһƬͷϵҲʵ磬ʲô
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ǹ־ɵ˲ɵЩЦãʱÿ˵񾭼ҵף΢е̾ͻᵼױըġ
ֻһǹʮ⣬ֽеǹʹһϼǹԼעˡ


635 ܵ
һǹǴ˲٣ܵ˵ҲֻǱԭһЩӲʯըһڰСĶӲ͵ľԳëƤ˵Ҳ͸Լܴ߶ʯ࣬ԣ⡣
ȻֱӰӵǹţܴﵽЧ
΢һ£ȡһöӵٴεŽܹעӵֻǵͷ
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ʱͷԳϵĻ棬ֿʼ̽ͷ̽ԵϱһΣͷԳԵС˲١
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־ɴһǹһɨһʱ֮ǹȴԵò󣬻ʱѩٴһǹ񵯡
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־ɴһãǿʼǽ
ֻ֮Ǽ˾ҪҲֻǳұߵһȥҪȥѩ˻ϣҲûǸˡ΢иһ£Գ̾ͻ˹ʱ¾ǹҲֻĿԼѿ֮ȥ
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ʲôǹҪתƵ־ɣЩԾĻعͷ
Ҫ˵ɱһǹѾͨǹʮܹȵϾѻ֮İأõģһֻG22
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һֱתƵȽĴ־ŷԸš
ֻʱͷԳҿǵǽڣڶǽ˵档
ǰG22ͷˡ֣˺һŶǹ¶ӵһͷԳ۶
ӵХ׼ȷĻͷԳߣ޴ȻͷԳˣһԵڵϡ
ȴ׼￴ͷԼеľԳֻǱ޴ײͷԳЩˣԻ
һǹѾ㹻־ɵ˷ɽè˵
ôˣǼһ￪ôǹҲͽѩǹ񵯣ǿֹԳû뵽ﻹһƺѩǹ񵯸ǹһǹܹǾԳ÷
üͷȴĸˣЩޣҪǲһǹĻֻǵǸӷԽأǾͻԽ
ȻһǹͷԳڵϣûƬ̣ٴ˳ֱһ̮ʯͷӣסȥ·ʯڣȻ֮УƺеĴڸ𶯲ѡ
žԳֵضɽҡƣ̲סЩȻԼܱƽӵͷҲֻиոһŵĳ̶ȣҲûӼӴ
̶ȵĻԼǹӵ꣬û׼Ҳ޷ͷԳ
һʱ֮䣬Ȼϡ
ֻߵ־ɺǹеתͷʵСô
ҡҡͷЩѹ˵Ͻ̹٣ǡ
־ЦЦҪһѣСôǺǡܼЩۣǶѾˣɣǴһӵȻ󡭡־û˵ȥֻץס֣۾ų˶Ϻ۲ԫһۡ
ʱ򣬲Ƶûʯͷˣһ۾ߵ
֪־Ȼû˵ȥǴһӵ֮־ҲԴУȴԳԼԼһӵ֮־ɣɽèӣ½ԻԥĴƵȥ
˵һ̣ԥ顣
ıӶʱһᣬһһ죬ʱ־ɵվҧ˵Ͻ̹٣ܸһսһӣֵˡ
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־˵˵ġǡȻָǴͷϵĲѩӡĲ˼һˣ־Ҳ֪˵ãǻᣬͬҲãȻ֮Ҫ뽵⼸ͷޣ̸ס
ҡҡͷҲǵ˵߲ˣûߵ˵ġ
־΢΢̾һջ֣תӣȥҩŴһӵ׼
ջ֣ʪģѪѪ־˿ڣֹ˲ϲȥһѣҲȾһ֡
ʪѪɵôסˡ
һ̣ͻȻһѩĲ˼硢ĸˣȺΧסΣʱҲǵҩ㡣
ǵãʱԼо綾ĹƶأͷĲ˼Ȼ뵽ԼŶصѪҺͿĨӵɱȺеǳΪǿеʳȻ漣һĲȺ
һ뵽һĻǰһܲѪӵͷ
ôţ̾͸
G22ĵȡһӵӵͷմ־ѪʹһֱӵͷմѪγһ͸ѪĤܣעӵͷ
ԭӵͷıСоܹעܣӵͷһѪĤܵĿռ䣬Ȼ֮࣬εڵͷλ
ϲ̽ӵװ֣Ƶţ漴׼ͷǰһǹŭѣĥ̰СһʯͷҪʯڵľԳ
۶ǹ죬оǹĺ΢һȫɵĿƵס
ң׼ӵĵŵ㣬ͷԳĸ첲ϣһɲǼ䣬ͷԳĸ첲һѪ˲ûӰ
ͷԳŵǿʯͷԭҪӳȥû뵽һ첲ͻȻ仯һѪͷϵǿʯͷҲֱӴԴ
ͷԳʱֱͦͦĵ˵ϡ
ͷԳ־ɵҲʮԶ־ɵһֱĶһһǾԳһ첲ͻȻ䱻ըɣʯھԳԴϣٵԳȻأÿһ˶ģĿ
һʱ֮䣬е˶סˣ˺þãе˲ŲԼͬ뵽õʲôǹôô
Щ˷Ӧȴעⱳˡ
ԭǰʯͷõȥͷԳʱȻ͵͵ĴӵƵ˵ı׼͵Ϯ
ֻ˱һƬõȺʹҲ˵˱󣬸տأͷ͵ϮľԳϿԳֱ롣
G22滹ӵǲǼӵȴûģȥҲǸͷԳ
ƫƫ˸ոջعͷŽߵͷ͵ϮľԳǹ֮ʣըϸ첲ͷԳǱߣûܵ˺ͷԳҲѾҿʯڣֱ˹


636 ͬΪı
һʱ֮䣬˾ǺȲϣƹƹžžǹһ㣬ͣ
æ֮УȵϽ̹٣ӵȫѪøҡ
־ɡžžĿ˼ǹȴһʱû׹˼˵ӵѪܴԳ־ʵЩĵ
־һʱ֮ûӦܣG22ǹӵȻźͷԳ˼ǹ
ǾԳÿһǹһ󲽣һдգǾԳͨһڵϣһֱֻ۽ؿڣҲûվ
һ߸УһߴеϽ̹٣ѪͿĨӵͷϣ´ǡ
־һʱոһǹһͷԳֱ۵ΣȻΪʲôҪԼѪǺԥץһӵһҧȫԼ˿ڴ
һʱ֮䣬־˿֮Ѫע
Ըȥ˺־ɣҪԼѪȾӵϴű£ҪŪЩѪûѺЩͷʵݵķֱ־
־ҧմѪӵݵǰ
˸ӣһ־ɵӵֻЩӵѪ߰ߣȴȫԼҪֵͷȫһѪĤЧ
£־ӵ˹ȡһͷĦ˼£ֽеѪ
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־һԼǹݵǰЩѵ˵ӵֻǹµӵ
ץ־ɵǹжµУŴõӵѹУȻƵš
һ˲䣬½ߵĴһС֣
ӵһ̣ǰֻ͵ϮľԳѾٴ½˸ǰǾ޴צֻһץ㽫½ֵС֣ץ漴һҧסС֣ӣһС֣һҪװһˣʱǡ
С֣˺ķ֮ͷԳԴ󷢣½һ
ֻǾھԳİ½ͷ֮ʣԳֱһɲ֮ƣֱۣǰţͻȻ֮䱬ը
۾ҧѻעܵӵֱӽͷԳİӶըһѪ
޴ͷԳɳȥһȾѪֱӵȥ
ָŰûɹ׷ŵľԳֱдա
С־ɼѵĴһ
عͷŷ֣ɽèߣҲѾ᧿Σû˵ͷԳǶͷкĵֱ꣬˵˲дȱԵǰһɽèͬҲ䵽С֣ǰ³
־ɽһеݵǰеֻŪãҽŪ
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΢΢һڣһֱе˶ƣڱΣڻˡ
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һӳˣһ߰οϽ̹٣ûµģֻˣ΢ЪϢһ¾ͺá
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Ƭ̣΢΢̾һ˵вѾˣΪʲôҪȥΪʲôǵȻûؼҡ
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ǣʵǸƽߡƱϵ۾ֱŷˡȻܹƽദг桭ܹһеֶΡ
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ӸԭˣȥϢٸȥͬΪı
ʱĲ˼˰־ɴ˿ڣǿӵǿǹƬȡ˳ְ־ɰ׵Żعͷȥϵơ
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637 ڧ
ЩǲصģЦ
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ӺٺٵЦ磬㲻֪ˣ㿴棬ǹô˵еıȥооû׼оǰһ󲽵Ķ˵רʲôģΪΪףٺ٣ҲӦõİɡ
ӣʲôʱ뵽ҪΪ㹱ˣѩЦ˵
Ц˵ãʲôˣӿǿƶԸ죬ΪףƶȫҸĿׯһֱеĳ룡
ͦߵģôȴôйͭζ˵ӣŪҪģҪʲôۣѩһȥú¯ŵĿˮһЦ
Ӱָͷ˵ȻΪȫףҵȻҲҪ̫ߣ˵Ǽ߳Ϊȫ࣬ȫˣÿ˸ëǮܵҲҪüʮڣ԰ɣҪȻôܶԵЩ˵ĵ֣
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˵ͷߵǸƤǰ΢΢ЦЦʵ磬գ
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ȻǻƤˣ˵ҰˣҲ˵һȺҪԵΣգԶֹɱԳô򵥣־ߵĵҩùˣԼĵҩָһЩҲòս
ӵ˺ˬ죬еĵҩ˳һ
˴ǹ֧ҩͺŸ죬ȫͨõģ˵־ɽè˵95ϵУӵ˴95ֻӴͬĵҩ
һǰûЩҩԼڻӻʱʣµģҲֻһӵҪǷֵ־һ˶һС
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638 
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ɽèһ֣һҺѩһԣһֽס
һȣһ֣һǹ֧ҩϣץһAKһת׼ɽè
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ԭһʱ֮ļߣҪǹɱɽèǸǲܵ顣
ֻɽèֽгڣץǹһþֱӽǹ˹漴ˢİǹԴϣŭƾϵҲҰǹңŲһǹ㣡
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һɽèֶѩɫһӾͰˣ̲סɽè硭ɽè硭
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ֻôһ˵Ӷʱʧӵӡ֮УȻǻķأôӦñǱһǼֵǲǡ
ǿյĴҵõֵëĶ
ǸƤЩ̲꣬סʵ˵ǻķأ
һԵû˵ﲻǻأʲôƵط˵ⲻ͸¶ļһѵҲ֪ص飿


639 ˵
Ƥ˴˰Σ˵̸Ǻ֪ʲôķص飬ֻҼǵ塭
˵Ƥʶס죬Ҫʲô
ֻƤǰùȥοϡ
̡ޡһеԭˣٺ٣ֲáֲá
ǻƤ˼ӴУһţϽ˵ֻᣬաˡ
ӴЦˣŪ˭⺺˵ôǱˣˣ԰ɣ
ӵĴЦЩ˵ע⣬һʱ֮䣬ĿͶƤˡ
ߵӸǰһǻƤˣתͷ˵ˣӣڶͬһߵˣû¶
ȴЦе˵磬һ治û£ֵˣҶ˵İɣ˵йĴ˵Ǻǣ磬طĴ˵ʲôģڵǣǿ൱Ҫˡ
ЩֵֹĴ˵ʲôҪģʲôģû˵
鵽һ˵ʲôģ׷١ۡ˵ûʲôֲѰ̽յģ˵ǵС˼ܲףԣһʱͷ˵Ĵ˵Ҫԡ
ȻЦ˵ԲҲô˵ɣط͹أ԰ɣôôأͲ˵Ⱥڵ۾ѩģǴҵڻһĨڣʲôֻܼвУǲ̫ˣ
˶٣ֽЦйĴ˵û׼ܴҳ䱻Ϊٺ٣磬ҲǱǰɣ
Ҫ˵˵ɿ˸壬һһĸ֣ѩ˵ʵЩ˵棬ȷűص࣬һ㣬Ѿвʤöٵʵ֤֪Щ˵˵ܹҳһЩֳɵ
ӸѩһһͣԭϢ½־ɵ˵һȤһŻƤˡ
ɽèڷڣҲǻعͷݺݵصǻƤһۡ
ۿҪǲ˵һǹˣǻƤֻ˹˹˵ǿԽҡҵȷֻˣԣĴ˵֪治Ǻܶ࡭ң֪ЩҲǼһ˾֪һЩ
Ц˵˵ⰺô£
һ͵֣Ҳûʲôر˼ӵϣֻһѡ
ôһ˵͵ͨ죬ǰԸ˵ԼԼӵϣҲеԭ֮һ
ֻĺޣŲףʵϣУϻֺϸӵϣֻգ˵ǻƤ˵֣ûϣƽˣҲǿԷƺ
ԷȰʹģͻƺòϵܡܵܡ˼֮ͳƺΪҲǡ硱СֶӱģǾ͵ýаΪⰺ
ȴǲܡòҲãǡⰺҲãЦ۲˵˵㶼֪Щ˵
˺һ˵֪ģҲʲôĴָ֮ġ
Ȳ˵У˵˵ô£
Ĺºܼ򵥣˵λɣٵΪλĽ𱭶ںʱ̫һ飬һڵѣһıʯһһŮйΪʺһһкΪյ١
һĹ˵˳漴Ŀӡ
һץԴ˰ģһӣ֪Ͱ˵ˣ̲סЦӣûˣʲôô˵ǺС˯ġ
ֻѩȴͻȻʵӣĨǴжԶ
Ĩ˭ԴЦʵ
شѩ˵ĨȲһҲµûĻӦﲻԶ
˰ΣȻĨǴӵȷǺԶ
ôһ˵ĺҲˣʵѩĨʲô𣿡
ѩ˵ͷȴ˵úõĿЩ飬˵ûʱ䣬Ĩȶ֪˰ɣߺߣҸɡʵһͬ˵֮ǾĨȵĺ챦ʯ
һӴסˣĨȡ챦ʯ֮ĴﰡӼͿĳƱ
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ѩЦЦ˵Ĩǹ챦ʯк챦ʯΨһǹĺ챦ʯ䳽ʯ֮һ侧Ө͸ƾʯжеľ˿״ʯ壬γɵǹɫ״߿飬;˫
ѩôһ˵治ƮƮ֣һʱ֮伸ƮƮȻ
ֻȴͷһưˮ˵̫磬Ȳ˵Ĩûйϵ᲻֮еĺ챦ʯһܴͳĻѬգڵңʯ䣬к챦ʯߺߣ㻹ǳЩͷɡ
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˶٣дͷɥ˵Ǹٸ˵˵ǸʲôСĹ£еʲôϣûС
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ץץԴ߶ô˵û׼Сӣˣ˵СӦþǸոЩ޶ԣƽķ𡭡ƴ̦޺͡ųƴĻˣһéɽҪõķ̦޺ӳͿϣԡһ
˵˵ţӾȻЦһˣ磬ôصķӣҸҳˡ
ҪôʰЩҰޣеףԲ˵ʲô̦޺һԾԾԵľͷ޲ҿʲôøӣȥЩҰ޶Ÿԣʲô³
Ƿһ⣬˵µͬʱźܴĹϵϸϸƷζ֮£ȴȫȻô¡


640 Ϊ
٣ڽ˵ʱƾо֪ءûаϵǣͷʱ򣬰˵ȴǡء¡
Ҳ˵ڲ֪֮䣬͵һǶǵĴ˵Ūһˡ
òͬһߵѡˡ
˶֪Ķ
ӵ˸߲ҵŴ˵˳Ȧӣ˵ɽèԱߡ
ɽèһ׼ɨÿһɵĵطһߵ˵л˵ô
ɽèûͷҲ֪Լ˵ָоЦЦ˵ɽè磬ʱûʲô쳣ɣ
ɽèĴûУҵĸоá
оãЩ죬ܣ컯۾ɨһΧϣͼܹ屾Ϣҳɽèĵط
ɽèȴ˵̫ƽˣǱ֮ǰƽǼžָоÿѪȼս֮ǰָо
ɨһܣûʲôֵÿɵĵطĿķΧ֮ڣûʲô쳣
һɣ˵ɽè̫˰ɣ˵մսˣ񾭶Ǳر
ɽèĻͷ˵ǰǽսܣڽսۺֻ֢μһβμսϵӲŻеëҲһϵӣ
ɽèȻϵӣңսۺ֢Ҳܷɽèսϡ
ô˵޷ҲҪɽèɳһ½񾭣Ͼʱ־û¶иȣһ̲ͣضţǸңվֻԽԽ
İɣɽè磬Ҳ˵ѾӦ޵ķӣҲѾһЩŵȲҪأЦ
ôֹۣɽèڷ׼عͷʵ
ǺһЦ⣬ʵɽè԰ô
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ɽè˵һۡģΣ˳ֵ̫أ׷ۡûӰȴǡɳǱߣ˵ⴿɺϣ
˰Σ˵ɽè磬֪شô
˵ɽèֻĺһóɽèԸΪκ飬Ϊ𸶳ѣѣȻҲ־ɡӡ½Щˡ
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ҴӦϽ̹٣Ҫҵۡɽè㻹ǵðɣЦЦ˵
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Ҳܰɣ˵Ҫ˵ģ£ϴǸشһߵʱ͸¶һ
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˰Σɽèֲ˵Ļ״˵ͭǾϮӦþǡۡΪ
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Уû˭ۡţ̵˵
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ʱ˻٩٩̸
ִĵо棬ˣͻ;޴ľͶֲ缸ǰб˵ѷ淢˾޴ѡ֮桭
ⷽ棬Ǽʶ㣬һ˵Щ飬ϲ
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ݱ͵ѣ峤һףӣؼͨܣ֪ǵΪʲôô޴ҸɣҪΪĵطܹ
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Ĳ˼ѩһоЩ⣬ֻĲ˼֪һʲôҪ˵ӦʮҪԣԸй¶
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ϻ׼Ĳ˼ǳһ䣬ԼҲʼ׼װ
û뵽ǣһװԼװһ˵ҺһĴ˵˵±ڵ£С
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װŶͷҲ̧˵֪һ´ɡ
ôһ˵̽Դ˹ȥ˵硭͸¶һһô
ҡҡͷװõıϣ˵ûϢأҪߣҲ֪ܸܲϡ
ӿЦһ£˵˵ˣҪˣҲɰ


641 Ϯ
ЦЦ㶫ܽʲô¶ġ
ӴǵȻˣб£Ϊ룬ִүǶ͵͵ġ
˶٣мԹ˵磬˵˵֪浽ʲô
䣬һԺǳӣˣ
̾һϽʰö˵һġ
˵··ΪݣҲ㣬Ϊ˱֦ѩǰùһȥ
ɽè˵ҲһСʱ
е˶ұǿݵصʱƬٴδһ̶ĺ
һе
ţתҪұȥ
ϸɵûعͷȥɽèһۡ
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˺һ־ɲŻعͷ˵ǾԳһ֪ʲôս׼
Ž˺һʵڿȻ·Ըұңǳǰķߡ
ͷĵطߣͷµĺۼҷǳԣҪȥ·
ʱһ˱㵽ֱԵֻǸոսӽ߱㴫žһǹ죬һӵǲ־ɵԴ˹ȥ
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ӣۡԭֻǴ͵ϮϾ־ˡǹȡۡһ࣬桢ӲӲ䣬ۡҲռˣϾԷ־ɵҲͬǸ֣˵ҲϡۡǽթԸ
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ҧ׼ɽèͿһǹһѪɽèǰըɽè˳ȥһ٣ȴŭĿŰеſ
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һ˲䣬ɽèҡ˼£Ȼڵϡ
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־ɡ½Ҳ˵ɽèߣһǱ߲ѵĴС
عG22һӵȫڡۡ˲ĵط漴ӵǹһӣ򰺻
ԭв꣬ӵѾ˵Ķʮ׾뿪һŴ棬ǵ˱Ƚϰȫľ롣
ڰ׼΢һ֮ʣͻȻƺе춯عͷʱȴײһ˵ϡ
滮˵֣ҲͽֻǻôͷţĿŵϵһֻǹӣǹڲסĲ
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ֻǻӵȻͲںЩɱɽèȻǲò


642 Ҷ
ӵΪɽè𣬲ûֱӶ֣ȥֱԲеİǸ½ˣֱץŰֻбۣƳ˳ȥ
Ӷ԰ȵһᣬܵۡߣҾɱ㣡
ֱֻǺȻ֪ԼѾһû뵽ǣӾȻܸһᣬ
ֻǻȴûôܵġۡߣһ·϶ǡۡµĵףΪۡáۡµĵըҲпıˡ
ʱ򣬰Ҳȥ룬ڻӷſһ̣̾ӿ
ȻܳȥʮԶеһŵףӾͷһȱըɵİ䵽֮ʣȴٴηٷΣʣĲ壬ҲֻһŲһԴ
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ʱ־׼ǿгҪֹ־ɵ˵³¾ԲȰܺõ˶١
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Ů˵ЩöѩĲ˼˵ҪһЩ
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Ůһգ֮䣬һץ±һֱǱһ㣬һ߳ʮߡ˽š
һֿұһͻʯ飬һʮߡ£ŮԼÿһţ׾ٵĵ
ܲ˵ŮӷǳŮӣԣʵҲ㲻ʲôֻƾһֻ֣ǹʯϵġ
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벻ǣȻһ̾ȻŮ׷˹һŮӱţֱӾ±桰ܡ
ȷǡܡŮӶûüſٻӣͽŮӵճһŻ
һգۼ䣬䵽ϣסŮһ裬漴־ɵм䣬е˶ֻǰһӰ漴һ׳һ˵ǹ㵽ֻ߰ڶǹڣҲû˵־ܵʱ
˵ǹɵҲ˵ģ̤ſڵϵȥһѽʵӣô
Ĩһͽϵʳе磬ҶӺʹ
ſӣ絽ǻûŮӸǰȵȻŮˣøǸ
ŮӳӣĵĿһŭˤˣ㻹Ůˣ
˵䣬Ůһ֣ҪĶ⡣
ŮӵĶȻ켲￴ҪܻмܣǶгԣʱ䣬ΪԱ졣
Ůӵ֣һԶ㱻ץס漴΢һƣŮӱٴſ˵ϣ춼
ҪٱҶ֡ŭȵ
ʱ־ɸӵˣѾ˳Ľ˶˭ǡۡǴ˷ĽѾɭֱԵʮüԳζѾʼݵ˹
õ־ɵûаֵץסһ׳һ֮ʣץӿʼʯ
ұ֮ʱұڽ£Ǹǹӡ־ɡѩŮˡ
ұڣһŮӣȵȥ
ŮһԲӣ֮׷ӣѩǸӡ־ɣһ


643 
Ůҧһһת漴֣Ҳȥǰ⹥ˡ
ת֮䣬Ůʹƣָ΢ͷһһͬ³š
ƣŮҪĸһܡ
һŮİںüƣҲ̲סȫעĿŮӡ
Ҫ˵֣б¡סȵ챦۶Աһ㣬Ҫģģùؾصһһʽ˲񶷣ȴҲ
Ϊûȥѧ˴ܣõҲͨĽͷƤĴ򷨣ͷ۾֮ʽ
֮£ŮȴǼΪרҵɱּʽһ漴ʵãһһ׵ĶɱС
ʮ룬ȻŮӷŵڵΣҲֻǱŮ˷ŵڵضѣҪ˵˺һûܵ
ѩһ̴ʽᣬҸӲӲ㲻Ҫʲôʽֵٶȸ򣡡
ҲһԴе磬ŮߵҸҹ³ˣ֪㲻ԸŮ֣Ұץסƨɡ
ŮƽŹһˤΣҲǱһеãץסһ٣
ŮӱռϷ磬һһͣȻ֮Աǣֻǲ뵽ǣֻǲԸֶԸһŮˣŮǵˡ
ӵ֮󣬱Ů˵ĸ첲ץȥһץͬ磬һӾͽŮ˵ץס
Ů鼱֮£ֲֵס֣ʹһȻѿȥұ۵䣬ʱץ
ӵİ䣬һץץŮ˵ؿڣ֮ģ֪ץʲôطһ˲֮һȣһɡ
Ů˳͵غһѳȥǰһб¶ؿһƬļԼһ顢
Ůһֱػסǰһһ䡣
Դһȣ˭Ҫ
Ů꣬ٴκһʼݣʽԸֻһˤΣﻹٸᣬֻһ֮䣬Ů˵ǰȥץۡ
ֻȻÿһζץסŮ˵ֱۣվΪùֲԸһӽŮ˵ĸ첲ֱʲôֱϣŮ˵ֱûץסϰǳһЩƲƬ
˸ӣе㻹ҿûطˡ
ҪȥŮ˻Ļֻµǰһסˡ
ŮӴеåҸƴˡ
ֻǰһһȥץŮ˵ֱۣŮŵøϽ벻ǣԭþԳһս̮ŮվλãԭͿ쵽̮ıԵһˣѾվԭѾɶֻǻûȥĵذϡ
ֻŮһվһ飬ذһ㣬µȥ
ŮӴһһԾʱѾЩˣ˻ûذĸ߶ȣԾѾˣŮӾֵؽţӸֱ׹
ƫƫһ̣һֱֻ۱ץס
һֹڵذϣһץסŮ˵ֱۣͷʵ
Ů˴Ӿ֮лعебٴһܡ
ü˵һ䣬漴ȴùڵذϵֻһԼŮӣһϵذ塣
ֻŮӸոأϱ㡰žİһơ
Ͼ˽ľ룬ټһֻֻץŮˣԣͱ޿ɱܡ
ֻϰһƣһ֮£ɵɿץŮ˵ֱۡ
ŮǰһڣԶԶ뿪ʱпٴ̮ıԵ
ŮһƣɻǳŮ˵ǰŭҡ
Ů˶˵ٴ֡
ֻǼ֮䣬ֱƵòˣֱ˵ذıԵ
ŮӲԼһαƵ޿֮ʣһ˫֣ȴٴץ
һɲǼ䣬Ů㵹ֱ׵±µ˹ȥ
Ȼû뵽ǣŮӾȻһαץסңֱӽ˻
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ŮӲһҪĶ⣬ֻ׼ŮӵһɣŮӱ㡰һУ㵹
ֻ֣ȥٶȿöˣһְ֣ŮӸ˻ٴʵ
ŮɲֻһԹ޵Ŀ
Ůʵڤ粻飬һһþŮһŮƨɳϣڸ첲棬ʹһᣬʹŮӽŲմء
Ůӣ̤ߣһžһŮӵƨϳһơ
һ㡰žĳһƣʮߡ˲꣬ҲŮӵƨʮߡ˰ƣŮҸ²סҽС
ģŮӵ־ɽ֮ʱŮڿʼĨᡣ
־ĿŮӣʵ˭ǡۡ
ŮӲֻĨޱӡ
Ķȥ
Ů̼е˵
ʱû˻Ầ£ĳЩض־ͲһʱӼᶨ˵־ᶨˣһ㲻ױǣһʼֻͨ˸ӿ٣ӳס
ŮӣҲһִ򲻹ܲˣҪԾŮӸе־壬˵ŮӴӳƾһֱǸ߸ϣû뵽챻һëͷСӺݺݵһ٣ңǵôƨɣԣŮӾί
־ίŮӵ־ǰˣұúǳס
־ɵ⣬ŮӰҲû٣־ɿġ
ۡǰɱɽèǸˣҴƤӵ£ζ˺ƬԭһŹӵˡۡ壬ʹû˰ӡ
ۡôˣ־ɸӵ˲ɵһĬȻ
޵Уôˣ
־ɸӵĬȻҲٶŮ˵ʲôŮķ²Ҫô顣
־ɽŮӽ̸Ҳм⣬ҪŮӡ
ʱҲڵϵ˽־ɣպǹҲߺߡЦŹ
ŮǰΪӵĶһţߵҹ˳ӵȻ׵ķŹŮˡ
˵ʲô֣ӶӣŮӡ
Ůȴ᲻𣬸ӷ
һԣ˵ûشе⣬ҪȻ
˵ţһҪȥץŮӡ
ŮӿϽе˵
ŮԭǡۡͽܣֱȽҽжĬ׸ĵġĸǡָ졣
ĬСͽܡۡѵҲһֱڡۡߣۡһ׳һݣһһƵˣǡۡļĹӶһŷ˰¿˶һˣ
ǲһʲôʲôЩȫǹӶʲôʲô˵ʵڲǵĿĲҪ֪ġ
ĬĻشӵ˶Щ⣬ǰ˲²ԭֻǶһ롣


644 һ
Ǹƶƻˣͼһɱˣ˵ȷû´ΪۡҲûı϶֣ᶯ־ɵˣۡҲ֪һ
ۡΨһȷȲʤȯأһ㣬ΪһͻȻ֮ð
ԣͭǹӶ˶̽ҲҪŪʵһνǸ̽ģȲǡۡˣҲĬûֱͭӶ֡
˲´һǣһֱѰҵķı£־ɵˡʵǡۡƺõģǱ־ɵ׷Ŵ򣬱Ʋ֮£Ӵܽġ
˵ﵽǸʲôĵطĬҲʵڲǺ
Ҳ˵ۡеļƻʱѾȫƲڶѾȫˣѾʬ޴档
΢΢̾һӣô⼸ˣ
룬һĺȵȥҪȻǴǸȥ̵ģһţŪôˣ뿴ЩһﱻЩԵ
ӵĻû˵꣬ĬеҪǡѾͶˡ
ֶ˵磬ҾһᶼŴ²Ĵͳ⼸²¶ɣҿҿ
ѩҲЩŵĿȻѩ֪һɱ޹ˣϾĬһʱ֮ڣ־Ǳ߲ٵˣߣüҲ˶
Ҫ˵ô˵ĻǵǶԲȥЩֵܡ
Ҳѹ֣ԵһɽèǴˣҪȻɽèԲöܴ÷²顣
ֲã֪֮ۡ־ɸȻѡ
־ˣҲսǹǹԵģǶôܰѶŪһսµǹˣֻҪͶҲûԸɱ
Ҳͳ־棬Ĭ¿˶ۡ£ս־Ѿˣ־ɸҲáмȥǡ
˵ڣ˵ɽ߰ɣĲ̣°ɣ˭֪ʲôĺ
ԣʵЩ֡
ãŶĬ˵Ǳ֤ȫشȥ֮ǵôҲܣٴγĻӳ֮⣬Ҿԡԡ
Ĭ˰Σ˵ǲɱң
΢΢˵ͷϣ㲻Ҫǽȥ֮ǰЩʵ˵Ļ
ֻո˵꣬˵ߣʵСľôǣ
㻹ôͷüͷʵ
ողɱ˰硭ۣǳе㿴磬ڰ綼ûѹ
㲻Ǹʹޱĺƽôôϲˣʵ
ȭͷáǰǰɡ죬ŭ㡭ԵʴȣǶԼ̣ײף
Ҫôɱǣԣȥֺˣ˵
ҡҡҲɱˡʹ࣬վֻҡͷߺ޲ѵŤͷȥ
־ɵʰñҩʵСеĵҩռҲֻвٷӵô죿
ۡѾ𽻴־ɵ飬Լ־ɸ֮飬Ѿ˽⣬ǴӺʵ飬Ѿ־Ǽ˵֮ڣȥҲ¿
һ˵ȻϴѾеֱӳȥҲѣҪȻһȥЩʲô
־ɺԥĴãӣǾ͸СһطԸ𣿡
ӺһЦð˵ÿһθСܷһСƣǺǣһҲСմ⣬̵죬ǣ㲻ᷴ԰ɣ
־ɼɬһЦֵܣҪ̣˸ɽèЩȥֵһݶ
־ɵ˸̵Ľ䣬ʯ齫ɽèƾһſʼ
Ϊҩʵڲ㣬һ˾ͲòСࡣ
־Ϊ䷢һǹһAKʮǹAKУ⼸еҩһķ
˻˽־ΪʲôҪô䵯ҩ־ЩҩָˣһٴЩ͹˻Ҳֻ˷ѣܷӳ޴á
־ЩӵѾǰķģҲÿӵĵͷòĦֻûպԼѪ
Ϊ־ѾԹˣӵպѪҲûʲôЧνԼѪܹħа֮˵ֻ롣
Ϊʲôžӵ־ȥ²⣬Ͼħа飬־˵û̫
һ˳ȣһȥ⵹ȥʲôѰܹӴȥĵ·
¹ų˺ΰ־ɵ˾ĵطȴû¥֮ͨģ⵱ȻЩ졣
ĽߣǾסߣҪ´ʲôģֱܲȥ
û¥֮ͨ£Ǻܲ㡣
ԣûһĶ֮ǰȷ˺Щ֡
һһ·ȥһߵľͷŷ¹ų£û¥ͨ
ֻ¥ͨҲ־ɵ˽·ҵǣʱ־ɵΪֹ׷¥ͨըˣҪߣھֻ
һһһһֱµڰ˲㣬ǿܹ¥ݡ
¥ݳ״˾ʯЩʯ־ըģƵ¥ݲʱֱʯҵ̮ĵطԼʹ¥ݣͬǺͨС
ңԽߣԽأڿ̮һĴһͬʯһԽ£ٵͳ̶ȶԽ
ʱܿóһһ࣬ǵڶͳһ٣ߡ˲ĵطٵĴѾʮ䣬٣Լĵ
֮£־ɵֻһһȥ
һ·ܼ˲ʮĴʱһµײʱĴĵزѾǶѻʮ׸ߵľʯ棬ײԭʲôӵģ޷ϳ
һʱȻָſǿɺޱ仯ҰͬĶ˵磬˵ôô֣ʱҶҪ˯ˣôûȥǻ̫𣿶磡
ѩ˿һ󣬵ҲȻֻҶ֪ط죬ȻҲǼֲ֡
ôеϲǣ¹ųǵĵײ߾Ȼܿʮ׿⡣


645 ɽԲ
ž޴ʯѲһ飬¹ųǵĵײǾ޴ǲ׵һϿȣ棬ͬһ£µײģǺ־ڴǷǧٹ֣Сһķ
ЩҲֻײһ㣬ڶԵû깤
ԿһѾ깤ķ񣬾ѩ˽˵ЩеڵعЩкܴ
ѩָһԴķ񣬺ֵĸ˵Ӧþ񻰴˵֮е죬Ҿֵǣڴҿķȴֻĸͷôͷأ
ϸȥѩɵֻߣԴÿԴϣֱϲŭ֡飬ÿ飬ֵ쾡£ϲߣüЦüĿ˷֮ϲŭȴǺüĿ¶ҪʲôƵģסһ
µİ֡ԴҲǸΣ֮ͬȻ㵸ȣ̬򣬲һ㡣
Ȼǲдֱֱۣһùװһ֦״һֱȴһŲд乭ұߵĽһֱббһԲȥ⣬ͬͭһĶ
ѩ˵Ӧһֻεƣǹ״Ӧװˮˮޣ֦һĶȨȣΪЩŸȷ
˵ԭͷʪū˭ǴϵĴߣ˵ǴϵĴߣΪǴϵĴʪūҲӦóĻʪŴŭΪʪŲǴϵĴߣŭʪŻΪ߿ĵͷԣܿ죬ֻĸͷ
Ϊĸͷͷѩ֣Ըִ˵֪кܴ
˰ΣҲ޷ѩɻ󣬱Ͼǰȫ϶˸пγ֮ϣЩ񻰴˵Եʵڲһ̸
ҪεһѩԼΪæûȥ͸ԼЩ飬޷ĸͷͷʡ
û뵽һѩû˵ҸЩʼ棬Щôᶼûⷽļأ֡
ӻεţһʧĹһûʲôмֵĽƱʧѡ
ӦӸոѩĻԣӽӻ˵ʲôϡ棬񻰴˵ϾǺͷ񻰴˵֮ǰ˵ģŴ˵ֻĸԴǲˣǵģʲôֵģ
ѩһЩ˵ŵĽɴ˵ǴƯĻ֮еĽģ͸̹ſٵһǴ֮һ˵ѵԼΪԼ̵ģ
һѰҲ˵˵֮⣬Խ߼飬ʵǲԸľԼѰҲƱƵĻء
ԣӡٺ١ĸЦ˵λ̸ۣ뵽Ǳȥҳ·
˵ţŵ±ڣѰȥ
Ŀ￴˿ȴͻȻ˵ѩûоﻹһֵĶ
ֵĶѩһʵʲô
˿ߵʯڣֻͷ˿ʮ׿ǱߵұϵĹųǣ˵ȿĵΣ
ѩԣϸĶΧĵοһ飬ʱȻһ
ʯڹųǱߣߵұڣȻγһԲΣֻʯڹųǱռݵԲֽϴ󣬵̷ߵԲֽС
ߣʮ׿ĵطʯѿһ׿ѷ죬ٿұߣԼԼͬһ׿϶
϶˵Ȼ޴ޱȣֱ԰׼ƵԲ˵Ӱʵ΢΢
ѩˣʹһʱͺһԲǻġ
˶٣ֵ˵ѹ֣һЩҾ룬±иô޴ĴЩδģԭˣ
Ҳ˵ǸòŵиɽɵķʯϣѩҲ˵
䣬Ĳ˼˲ߵѩǰ
ѩӣǲ͸źܶĹ죿Ĳ˼ʵ
ѩ΢΢˵ͷȴûȥ׷Ĳ˼緢ֵĹ֮ЩطԼķ֣Ͼܹ˵һˣʣҲظһ߶ѡ
ѩ˹ƵûĻԭӦһʯͷɽһʵʵڵʯɽֻǲ֪ʲôӦþǵͷЩˡ֪ӦʲôļӲʯͷɽиһֱ԰׼ƵľԲȻһʯϵľͳУʣĵط̷
ЩˡΪʲôʧӦʻмĹϵһ㣬ܿѷ죬Ӧþõ֤
ѩ˶û̫ķӦĲ˼΢΢̾һʱԼԭ˵ġϴ󡱣ڣȴѩӵ˵ľԶÿÿʱĲ˼ɫȻȴͬʰʹʹøγϣ޲̾һͷײ
ϧǣĲ˼֪ԼϵΣǹϵĲ¼ʮ˵ǰ;Σһ֮ʹ죬Ĳһŵˣô죿
ЩȥµʵĲСֿЩʲô
ô˵ֻĲ˼һ̨£ʡ˵ʵӼˣҲûĲ˼硣
ǻĲ˼Ȧһ죬վסҪˮĴǱߵѷ죬ƺͨȥ
һ˵˵òұǵѷ죬ȷһ·ǵѷ棬ȴڳģСвŨ
һܣ漴ĴʲôʱվҪȥһ˵ġ
Ͻ˵ʲôʱȥ桭ɭɭģҡһҲҪ
˵ͷ˵ɣղŴǱҲˣϢһ£ԵȴҶָһЩߣעˣҶ̫ɢ֮ڡ
ϲúá磬ǾѡڿѷǸطϢʡܶġ
Ĳ˼Ƴһۣȴûоܾ˼ĬĬ뿪
Ĳ˼ıӰѩ̾һ˵ܸоõĲ𣿡
Цһ£˵ҪΪ㡭
ֻ˵ôһ䣬Ҳתͷȥ˵Ϊѩ˵ףԼܣԹñˡ
Ĳ˼ĲѣԼĲ˼磬ܹõȥ
˺һŻعͷŬԼϱһ΢Ц˵ĲСѾˣ˵ʲôû˼
ѩǽεС˵飬һճɾ


646 ջ1
ʱһŵĻԶͽе硭硭
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磬áѷϣнܹ˵
ΪֹһȺζûֱӸ׷϶ǵĽ˵ȺζƵǰ½أԣҲЩ
ѩ̷źţҪɢڸ־ɡˣϽ£
ʱ־ɡӡ½˸Ĭ¿˶ȸϵߣˣ΢һЩҲ̫ٵ
ӷֵ־ɵһ˵־ɵ̸Լһǹ֧ҩ׼ʱǹս
Ϊҩ㣬Ҳطⵢ󣬵־ɵ˴ͷԼѩϺߵ϶
ʵϣߵ϶ǱߵҪխһЩҲֻ׿޴ʯ飬ܶʯ϶֮䣬ܿüĿӶʹ϶ĵʮС
ȻЩʯǴʯϵʯм䣬γɵһ·
Ҳ֤ʵѩǰĲ²⣬ʯͷɽиһ޴ԲȻԲ޽һųǵЩˡΪһ˵ʱ仯ɽ忪ѶǨ
ֻЩˡһʲôġˡֵ״ﵽһʲô̶ȵΪų٣̫أ˵ʱΪִ٣Ѿû취ҳֱӵ֤֤ˡ
һһѷ˽СʱѾ۵ʵ̫ߣöطҶýʯϣӾʯʯмķ϶һһ⼷
ˣм䣬һСģߵһɶʯͷǿʯͷӾʯ֮ķ϶ȥܾҲû죬治֪϶滹ж
ԽǰߣһԽľǰߣ϶мľʯԽԽ٣ҲԽԽĿӶҲԽԽЩطֳ߰׳ĺڶ
Ȼĵط־ɵķɻץʣȵľʯ˽ӹȥճ̶ȣ֪
һĸĵطӡʵڼֲסֻһԴ󣬵ǱбľʯЪϢ
Ҫú¯ӣյ㿪ˮʳӣ룬ú¯óһȴûúͣջǣˮҲûˣûˮûҲȻ󲻳
ǣͬһ϶һͷû׼ûڶһ϶ˤȿˡ
룬־ǸΪʲôѡѡѡôһ·
Խô룬Խѻ𣬱Ĳ˼ķϣʲô鶼ţʲôţǵҪĽ۶ϣӵǲˡ
Ǹĥһ£ھҪӳѿһ£û뵽û˵һֻȪˮƿȴǰ
ӻͷһ
һűһƿȪˮҪݸӡ
ɻĿһ磬Լأ
ЦЦģҵȻԼ
˵ţȪˮݸӣִӱóһհװţ⣬Ц˵ӣζģ֪᲻θڣ
Ӵｫţ˹ŵӵ£ŰװᣬǺЦ磬߶Ҳ֪һڵģǺǣǶף
ЦЦ漴űµ˰ˮʳ
طҲһʱˣеԴʳҲĵòˣԭԤܲİ棬ΪûúȼϺʹˮҲû취ҪòʳһȺȫ԰档
ʮˣģÿ˵ĿȪˮһģЩʳȴͬţ⡢֮࣬Ȼб֮ʳ
־ԼĬ˶ǺܺĿı棬ȻôóԵģ
־ɵֻ֣Ҳȱ˵ı٣Ȼװôʳ࣡ʮˣÿһƿȪˮһװõʳһ𣬵öһѰװֻȱ˴ı棡
־ɻ֪־ʲô¸Ͻ˵Ͻ̹٣ǵʳҲŲ˶ˣ㿴
־ɳ˰Σ˵ȷѣҪǣû׼ȷ֪϶ж೤ǰʲôģعͷȥĻ»ӵʱ䡣
ʳˮѷ£Ҫ˵ǾȥЩξޣ͹еܵˡ
ƫƫʱ򣬼ٴδһ϶ߵʯڶһҡΣʯһСʯ顣
ﺬһţ⣬е磬׷ˡ
ѩҲǵߣﲻܾ
־ɽʣµİռڴһǰùķצĿһ߰׿һʯͷȻ˦һ£˳ȥ
ӡಡһһߣȵ־Ŀõһխ֮Уץͷȵѷ￨ס
־ӣоһȹ̶̳ȣ˸طϵΡ
ǻӴͷӣԽ׶
߰׵ľ룬ڻ˵ȥʵ㲻̫飬ֻһգ֮䣬ӱ㵽˶档
ӵ˶棬һӣ漴źú˸
ʱ򣬺ĽٴӦһȺξޣԽԽ
ĬһһӵˣͻȻתͷ˵ҪһеӵһЩ
ͷ˿󣬵½һ˳ݸĬ
ѩЩĵʵҪʲô
Ĭ΢΢һЦЩ԰˵ҪˣҿǡۡͽܣںЩҪ׷ˣҵ취ʱ׳һǡ
סѩЩ죬һеӵĵжֹξ޵׷ֹ𣿻罫Щӵš
ֻѩҪ⻰˵ȴֵӣԽԽҲ˵ЩιԽԽѩҵ󣬵뿪
Ĭ罫ӵȡϸСѷ죬ͷѷһһȻĻҩһİװֽϣһʳİװʼס
ĬףҲ϶뿪ϾӦĬҪȫĽط˵ĬףҲΪ˴ңӦԼвȻĬһˡ
ֻ΢һ󣬶־ɵȴЩӣڶȲĴе磬Ÿʲô
ǸϵŵĽͷ⿪˹ȥеǿߣң֮׷ǡ
ĬһʮֿٵףһʵΪʲôߣ
ӳȥ֮һʰǹ֧һ߳˵㻹Ҫʱ䣿
ҪӡĬͷҲ̧Ĵ
ƽӣֻһζʱʱ䣬üͷҪ
Ĭ̧ͷ˵Ѿ˵ʱһͷξޣѾ֮ڡ


647 ջ2
AKεľ޿һǹϧǣȻξ޴һһգ۾ǾңӷԾ
Ĭеȱ˷ӵ
ȴеа취ȥ𣿡
סĵط滹߰ԶĬݣľ룬Ҳùȥ
ʱڶѩһһ˹ҪĬץӣӺѩǰȥ
Ĭ˵һҲѩǴһס
漴һܣ˳ȥ
ܲ˵Ĭȷڿ֮ʣһӣӵķһɵѩӵǰ漴Ѹٽϵȡ
ĿɿڴĿֻĬƬ̲Ŵеôһ˹Ҷ
ѩȴӣУˡ
ٴζһԾǰξ޿һǹǰͷξһӵؾʯ漴ǹǬһ漴óǸӣѩܹǸҲãеǿߡ
漴ʼܣȻ
һ֮ĬҪ࣬Ҳͬڵһ㣬ֱֱ˳ȥ
ƻ㣬ȴѩӵ˸ǰĲʯϡ
һ֮ǽŵѡѩǸǰȻȫѩӵ˼ɹƱؾҪȥסʡΪԣ㲻ȣʯĺڶ
һڵһĳѩƱ赲סܷᱻĹԳײºڶȥ
ҽѡѩ˸ǰѡǲʯϡ
ٵѡĵطǸʯһ壬޴ʱӲʯڽһߣȵĹʯ֮ϡ
ʯһӳ˳¾ʯ֮ʣҲջصǬ
ĬǰӵĵһӶѾΪˣƾһӵ۾ӶҪ˳⻹ԼǸ𣿻ǰԼ֪֪׵Ǹ
ֻɵأƬҲû䵽ʯ棬΢һ£˵ߣӡ
ʱʯ棬Ҳʣӡѩˣ˶ѾʯϹ׵һʯϡ
룬˵ѩҲ׾ٵȥ
ʱ򣬱;޵ĺѾ˵ĶϣҲĿʯʮԶľ룬Σ⼸ʯ֮г߰׵ĿնЩξ̾ͻǰ
˼һǰǿʯͷ֮ϣǰĲ˼½˴еӡջ
ǰջһϲѩȴһջɽ϶棬ȻһջѵǰƶǴģ
ѩ˻ûعξѾǰĿʯٹ飬Ĭŵǿ飬ʱѩڵλҲֻʮס
ҧҧѩ˵ߣڻ
˵ţAK˳Ƶţǰ׼
滹жξޣҲȥܣֻӽģѾͷЩξޣ˵Ҳֻ߰Щ޵жѸݣĹܺ;ԳҪٶ۵ö࣬ңҲǺǿ
뵽ҪЩǿһҲֲԼһߵֻ»ڸողŴʯڹų֮֮ʱͻ
ҲΪЩжٶۣߡ׿ĺڶԵЩԥÿһͷһʯҪſʯͷ鿴һ󣬷·ѰҸӰȫĵ·
ֻߵʯڣͬһ㣬־ɡǶֻܽɻץܷԾﻹиȫĵ·ߣ
ԣǹһǼͷޣʵ̲סЩЦ
⼸ͷ޾޴ޱȣҪһԽߡ׵ľ룬ûӽܹԣֻȫƾһ˫֮ϵĵ滹ЩΪѡ
οЩѷмʯͷԲƽƽĿվסţʯͷҲͻǼǳϣ˹ʱ򣬶ŸӰСǿ֮ϣ⼸ͷξޣһվ̾Щˡ
ȥһͷ̽ѰӶͷޣײһ𣬽ǿʯͷϵľޣһӾͼֱʯڶеȥ
ͷ޾Ųѣ㵸ģòһץסһľ޵ĺȣû뵽ץŵͷޣͷ͸ͷһ⣬ͷ޵϶ʱѪģҲˣһҲ˳ǳªϡ
ˣͷ޾ȻҲϷֻ֣ץűͷ޵һȣҵ
ץסͷ޸ǻˣֺֽеģԭͷһǶ֮һ˫ȥץסʯͷǵģʱǰͷһʱڳһֻȥץѾϺ󱳵ͷޡ
ֻϸĻᣬAK׼ͷ޹ʯͷϵֱۣܰ˵ǹţֱӿ۶
֮ľ룬ӵž޴Ȼ֧ץʯͷǵֱը
ͷһŵ׵ĺڶϰ춼üͷ޵ĺУ治֪϶ж
ֻһǹͷޣȴͷ˸æ
ǿǳϵʯͷȻ󣬵ͷվ棬Ҳͷ̽һ̽Ѱһ漴һͷֱԾ
ʱһЩڣԼļһ̣û׼ͷޱǲļʯͷϻɱһԼã֮зǰ˸æ
ֻʱҲˣֻóͷ޸ոԾ֮ʣӭͷһǹ
뵽ǣܵӵȴ赲סǾһԾӵͷ޵ļͷͷһ࣬ͷȴǰʯͷ档
ǰĬոһƵ׵ʯͷҲֻһ֮ңˡ
޵ģ͸Լһơ
ʱǰͷſڵڶʯͷѰңһͷҲһԾ˹ںмͷǿʯͷ棬һǰײһĻʱͷ޺ŵºڶ
ʱѾûȥܺʯͷϷһУǰͷޣѾʼԾԾԣҪǰ
ǹ׼˱Լһǹһͷ޵Դٴοǹ
ǹ촦ϰһǹͷޣǰһƹһҲûع
ǺһͷޣǰľһײЩײºڶ
һɲǼ䣬ͷȭͷǰһͷ޵ԴϾǡ硱һȭǰͷ޵ʱ˹ȥ̱ӣֱֱĵԨ
ֳ棬̲סҪЦΪԼʡ˲ٵӵ
ܹܵĵطջĲ˼磬ٴδ
΢һ£ٴνǹ׼Ψһͷ޵һ˫ӣ硱һߡǹͷ˫һֱǰ˵


648 ӳ
ҵ󣬸Ĳ˼˻ϣŷұϵȷһջջĹգԶԶǹųĽΰֻ˵ջֻһªջѣпԡ
ңջĿȣһߡ
˵ʱҲû˹ȥջþ񣬻ȥªջôģһףڶһ϶˲ĵ֮⣬ܹٵβΣգΪе顣
һջ˽ʮӣ㴫һ죬ǺЩξڵĬõ׵һʯͷ档
Щξޣ͸׷ջԣ׵ıըǰ־ɵˣɵٴμӿٶȡ
ջбб죬ٴδһ鿨϶ľʯ֮ջƽԶҲƺ¶һ˿
ǰ־ɵ˼Ǵű˹ȥ
ȵһȫܳ϶еٴĿɿڴ
վ϶֮⣬عͷŷ֣ոմ϶ĵطֻһף߲׵һʯڶڣڴ˾ɽʯɽ֮ϣܿó澹Ȼһ׵϶
һĿɿڴǣһɲǣеͻȻоһ֮Σͬӿյֱߵڵ̫һ㣬һɲ֮䣬ƺȼһ㡣
֮ÿ˶ĸоҪһʱÿ˼Ǹ̫ģȻ֮任˸һʱ֮䶼ûӦ
ã۾һ΢΢б̫˹˹˵硭ǡǡǳˡ
ǰ಻ϵһƬɫ󣬼ȷ˵Ӧáǳ˰ɡ
ֻôһ˵ͻȻ֮䡰ۡۡĽ
½ӵ˽ֿñ֮ģֱһӣ漴˱һֱĻ
ǰ¿˶ԭ־ǵ˵ˣҲĺ½־ɵӵһ𣬼鲻ԽĸŻȸԾ
ѩ§ססĽУ걧ץĬĲ˼ӵһĶɲʱֹĺһȺ˶ԵЦššš
ǵҲãҲãܵ˵һ̣һȺһսʤһδ֪ĻһЩδ֪вֻŻص硣
ֱһֵЩߣİ
һһƨϣе硭硭ˮȡ
ĨһѺˮֺǺǵĽȡÿһƿȪˮһװõʳ
Ҫζţ⣬һһ߳Իһ߲죺磬㱳ôôóԵģٺ٣ǰôû
ôһʣе˶ǺĿʵÿ˶ܹóôʳΪ棬ֻϵĵطʵ̫ˣʤûѡ
ֻһţЦӣˣҿͽܣ䡮ħģֻЩؼʱó԰ڣǺǡ
ⲻ԰ˣţ⣬ֺһˮû˵㲻԰ڣǿ԰ڣڿֵܣӶѡ
һԺĺʳַ˿ֵܿӶѵ¶ˣһ
ӺٺٵЦҿûԩ㰡ǰ죬кóԵĺúȵģȴҴŲóȵѴһʳﶼԹˣ԰ļʴȣߺߡ˼԰ڣ
˵ţӻģҧһζţ⡣
һɲǼ䣬Ǹԩ޲ȥӼţֱǳ㡢ڰޣ
ѩȴһӲʵʣӣͽѾʤ⵱ʦģＵʣ԰ɣ
ƳһѩȻһ죬˰Σŷֱ˭һʤͽܣ⵱ʦĽ̵з⵱ʦĽҸ˻أٺ١
춫ӡѩĺ˵˵һߵĲ˼ȴһ˶ڽһţĬĬسһ
־½ˣҲһ߳ԳԺȺȣһ񴵺٩ż֮Ĳ˼һ˹¶һߣϽߵĲ˼ߡ
磬ôˣġЦеʵ
Ĳ˼粻𣬿һͻŤͷȥ
˵ĿȪˮӣ˵磬㲻𣿡
Ĳ˼תͷǿЦЦȴ˵ûʲôҾЩۣһ˾һ
ȡŵĲ˼ߣŪƽƽģȻ˵磬˵Ļ˯һ˯һжҡ
Ĳ˼΢΢һ΢΢˵ͷȴȥ˯
ʵǾЩΣֻĲ˼ϣȲߣҲ˵
Ӹѩ˺˵˵һȥˣطʲôطûУ
˾ҡͷʾûһҲ֪طӻжԶ
־ɵҲ˺һҲǾһ·׷ۡҲûЩطڣҲǲ֪ںη
ѩóָ룬һ·򣬷ʱָѾָʱԼһ˶ƫʮȵķȻ֪ʲôطͨǸľγȣѩóۣǵĴӣӦþ߷
ѩôһ˵Ӵϲֻһת֮䣬ֺЩգһΣҲǾһˣһˣȴӶĺôҲû̵Щվǰװ׵ľˡ
ôһ˵üͷ϶мǴԲεʯڹųǣǷǻأѩ˶úܣռҲãǻĺҲãôտļܹôΰ¹ųǡ
仰˵ǻʲôҲԼһ˵ľǴ¹ųǣڻķ֮ڣ˻֮Ĵ˵
ªջӦþǻߺ׼ֱӴͨ¹ųǵĵ·ԲŻнȻͬա
ƻҲûֱӽ뵽ֻ˲һ˵ջҲܿó
˵ЩҰޣ˵Ǹʱֻǵǹ֮ԭʼ˴ȽִԶƾܣЩҰޣҪֻ߳ҲǾ޿ܡ
ֻһҲͳˣνġءֻǳһ˵ȷʵоĵص㣿УôľðŻڶһ϶Σգջִõʲô
˵˵ķ˵ıأ׸жĹϵߣҪҵģ᲻ʵǴ¹ųǣ˵ǵĻҪѰҵģʲô
üͷѩȻҲõʲôѩļĻأҲ֪ܶࡣ
һԶ׼ǾԼĽŵ¡
Ǿǵʱ޽ջ϶ڶ࣬Ҫ붴϶ͻһĵ·ֻҪѭ·ܹ⿪еɻ


649 ǳ
׵һȺҲȥǶʱʱĺЩιô޴󣬶ֱ׾խխջǸ͹
ԣһȺ˿Դ󷽷ġˡ
ֻǵϵĵ·ʱĽʴضѾ˾ľʵѭԭ·
־ɵ˸ˣǳڴˣԵǰ棬ѩ˵ָʾǿһ·
ֻǴԭʧĵ·ȴһֱǵĴӣǱۡ
ʱҲûȥƽϣȻص磬ҪصǵĴӣҲһ·ⲻʲô£˵˳·ȥصżĬ¿˶ǳ޳ɡ
ĬҲͲ˵ˣ¿˶ȴǱۡĹӶӶԭٲΪȱǮżѰܷһСƣǱϵĿȻһµġ
ԣ˲ûҪ뿪˼־ɵ˿·ڷ
ԭѾʧĵ·ѩ˵̽£˳Ǹڵɽţ졣
ûԶ˾ͷֽ뵽һСƽء
׼ȷ˵ƽͬǳ˾ľƽأֻЩľĵطҪС˲٣һ۾ͿóԭӦһСƽء
ƽм䣬һ鳤Լ׵ĳΣڰʯͷڵĵطϺڣ׵ĵطҰףЩأĿ
ʯͷѾˮͰϸľһͷбҲٹһЩͷľʯͷȫֱ
ʯͷ°벿֣̦޺ȫǣȫóʯͷ
ѩһָʯͷϵİɫ˵ӦѪʯͷӦõʱʯ̨
ſʯͷϣȥЩ̦޺ԭ뿴صĺʯͷ᲻Ǵ˵еĺѩһ˵Ǽ̨ӣǺɫҲѪȾģӶʱĴ˿ȥ
Ĵ˵ߣŵ˵磬˵󷲻мĵطǶаò˵ĵط㿴⡭
΢΢һЦбǸո߹ĵطаֲ
ĵ˵ͷǵҲǣаʤ˵жڣҲʲô⣡
˵ţȪˮ򿪸ӣԴһƿʣЩˮ˸⡣
ǰصɽ棬̫ǰײҲҵģҲоһ¶ȣڳˣȴȣ΢һ¾һ󺹣ӾͿڿʵøƿˮҲֻаڣܽӵӵĿڿʡ
ֻӣ˵ǳˣһصѷ죬Ҫ벹ˮҲǲףɵҪʡŵȣ
ӽƿӶҪҪˮģôһ˵һ漴µզ˵أ㿴㿴⵹ˣһƿˮǡ
Ĳ˼罫ƿȪˮݵǰ˵Һȹģ㻹ҪҪ
ӡšһһֻ־˳ȥֻǸոոĲ˼ŵƿһջεЦЦ˵ĲС㣬ллĺ⣬Żҵģôûˮأ㻹Լţؼʱ򡭡
һ˵ŻˣȴҪĲ˼罫ǴƿˮԼؼʱԾƴǵĻ
Ĳ˼֮ǰĲ˼ôĻȻԥĽӹȪˮȻܺȶٺȶ١
ˮûˮһһҲһҲȥƽϣڣӶ֪ڵĲ˼磬ѾԭǸԸԼѩһͬˣΪĲ˼籾ΪĲ˼иδ
һΣҲһֱ
ԣӿЦЦ֮󣬸ɴתͷѩ˵ɩӣǱ߻ˮûȹ
ѩͷҲû̧ԼûȵһƿȪˮӸӡ
ӽˮšӣյͱϣ΢΢˶٣ԴЦЦ˵ҺҲôˣŰɡ
˵ֽ꣬ȪˮƿĸӸš˻ȥ
Ĳ˼ȴŴƿˮĿӵıӰۿĶһˮĲ˼ƫƫȴҧ촽Ըˮ
ѩǿΪ̨ʯͷǰ˺һվֶ˵ǲ²Ӧûǰ߲Զپͻи۵㣬ҪȻͲǫ̂
Ĵ˹ȥʵɩӣ˵̨ӦǱһƽʲôģ򰡼ѼʲôĶ԰ɣ
ѩҡҡͷЦõ˼ˡ
ӵһӾЩɷףǿЦ˵ɩӣһҵİɡ
һ˵˵ǶǣǱߣǰǧǰдͼõЩʲôû˵
ʵйŴЩ⽨ʱû˼룬ǲټһЩ׹֮ģңǰãӸ˶Ϊ˼Ʒ
Ҳ뵽Լź顣
ѩٴ֣˵ˣ˵Щûõģȹȥ˵
ǰߣ·ҪԵöˣΪ·һǳʯͷȻڿ䣬β룬ԵĿóڵʱӦһƽɵĵ·
һʯ·ǰ˲һأǰһγԼףبɽ֮䣬ʯͷǽʯ·̮˶ĳǽŶ
أӵ˲ɵýг
ѩվǽŶһ֮صĵطϸĴ⴦ѷĳǽ鵱޷ݡ
ǽӲд¥֮ǳصĳǽ˵Ҳߡ֮ߣڹڼЩųǽҪһЩȻ˾̾ѵǣǽʯͷȫ˵Ҳһ׶ʯԵü᲻ɴݡ
ֻϧǣڣʱ᲻ɴݵĳǽƲ˵϶涼޴ľ
˳ĴͷŶŷ֣ǳ棬ԭӦҲϷУڣܼõģֻгɶѵʯľӲݣ֮еķᾮȻȥԶ
ԭ²ȻӣһӱȻ
ַ棬ܴҳֵǮ
ѩһһߵ̸
벻ôһУͷȻɻһѷ档ѩ̾Ϣ˵
ȴҡͷ˵ҺֵǣĵطȻôһ޴ĳǳذճ˵ܣ
ôܣѩЦЦ˵塢Խɡӡȣĳɽ֮Уķ֣˵ߣŮ
˶٣ѩּ˵һɣ⴦أԭӦþͲƽ񼯾֮ء
˵
ѩЦЦʲôӦúܣǵǸ˵ġĴָĴ˵ô
˵ǳأЩҰ޵ģʧ˵
ֿܣѩ˵ͷ˵ôһ޴ĳǳأԲֻһһϦܹɹǴǹģҲӦþۼǧˣǧ֮ڵ˿ڣԵʱũǵҪز
˼˵˵пֻռһҪ


650 в
Ҳһ·ûʲôׯڵĵطôģѩЦЦ
һ·Ҳȷûʲô֮ĵط˵Ҳɽ֮ɽȣҪģﵽǧˣɽׯڵ϶Сһ㣬оߴɣʵصĳǽƾЩѩƶϣҲܲ⡣
һ󣬲˵ô˵ռµҲΪ⻼ġ
ѩЦЦҪ˵˵ԼĿû뵽ǰͻȻ
ԭӵǰ棬˳ǳĵشһûȫ̮ĽⶰģǺܴ󣬲Ҳ൱ִͨ¥ռزһٶƽ
ǣⶰ쳣ߴ󣬴ӵڵϵĲששʯͷשһߵĿ񣬿ǹ񣬲ƵƬǿóǾƹߣϳǳмʯķݣҪ˺üΣӦǳҪĽ
ѩ˸˹һ涼Ѿ绯Ƭһ˫۾ð̰ɫ
̽ƬǰٺٵЦ磬˵ǻʱש߲࣬ٺ٣㿴ҿֵǮ
ָŵǿƬɽһǿƬı̾ͱһӡ
ǿɲˣƣЦе˵Ҫܴȥ˵ҲǮ
ֵ顭ʧһɣǿƬʱ䵽Ӳݵĵϣһ
ЦôôˣǺǡӣҸɣЩȻռĶ룬ոűʵģô˵ɣЩˣƷ໹ʵأһͳģһģǻֵǮ
ӡٺ١ĸЦ˵㿴ƷƷҪҵûȫ绯ƷֺõģǲֵǮˣ԰ɣҵҪ׼׼ʡõʱ򱦱ﵱ߶
ٴЦЦ˵㻹æ˰ɣӣʦĻ򶼻ûȫգҪҵģǵҲǿŽһͻơ
ռʱȻ̣֤ݣΪϡ٣ҵһмֵʵܹȥĻܹ䶯Ž磬һ㣬ȴûӿЦ
ֻһô˵һתͷûȫǶʯ˽ȥ
ѩ˸Ӻ棬ҲŲڡ
ҲصֳΣ񽫽һߵʯӲľĿ
濴˺һŷⶰ棬Ȼ󣬵мȴûǽڸξͬڵĻһ㡣
һǰβݣǷʯͷģڸͣӵҪҵֵǮĶǳҰľʯͷ㻹ȥҵõֵǮġ
ֻѩ濿ڵĵطһָͬһһʯͷ̨ӣЩֵ㿴ǲЩ죿
˳ѩָϸһŷֱ̦޺סʯͷ̨ӱ棬ȻһЩţҲֵǣЩŹȻ죡
׼ȷ˵ЩţѾֹһΣһθѩĮѰǼҿʱͿַţǴ۸ǿϣҲַţ¥ǸǼ̵ģͬҰɽǴӵΣǸɽʱҲַš
ԣַһҲİ
ֻطķţ̣͹ģʯͷϵķȴǰȥ̣ңЩطıʻҲͬ
Ǽطַţ̣ȴ̣ѵǲͬһԴĦɳʯ̨ϵ̷ţ˵
ѩҡҡͷüͷ˵룬ǸԲʯڵĹųϣǿɶûʲôơ֮ĵ̣𣿡
ʯϵĹųǽЩ޴ʯͷӣˣտͺΰȴпκ״ĻƷţһ㣬Ȼʱ˶ææµµƣڱȴǵúȷʵͬѩ˵ûκƵĻƻ߷š
˵ķţ̻̣ǻ˵롮ǡûֱӵıȻϵ׽ѩɻʵ
ֻļַŻƵĵطǶϴִ඼޷󼰵ļôȴͻȻߵ˹
̫ˣ
ѩҡҡͷҲҶ϶ѩ˵ϴҰЩƬҸ磬֪ôˡ
ѩ˵ǴȥǼҿʱµЩŵƬ
Ҳ֪һַţûκ֤£Ҫƽ̸ףЩרоֵרңһѪͷǲҪ죬š
ʯ¥棬мֵķ֣ѩҵЩ̷ţ־ɡӡĬˣһЩ˶ԿʯͷϵķȴûʲôȤѩʯ̨ǰʯͷϵĻƣҲ㿴һۣʾԼѾעˡ
ֻĲ˼һˣԭӵǴƿȪˮʯ¥м䣬ӰһڰССϣϴӵѰˣѩ۷ŵȵȣӶţ۾Ҳתһµ㶷
ѩżعͷĲ˼ʧǵĵزʵڲ̣˶߸ɴʯ¥ȥѰ˵ĲǱߣܲܶһ
عͷҲǿĲ˼һ˹¼ŵûɵһ
ֻȴЦŴѩʹʹ仰Ӧ֪ģϴʲôҸˮݣֻẦϴ󣬺Ĳңֵ
㲻ɷޣҲѣ԰ɣѩҡͷ˵뵱㻹Ŵҡ
һڣ˵ĲСʲô˼ҵδޣбϵƻ˼Ҹ飬УҸ㣬Ժٸ˵ҪȻѶû
ѩһ˵˵Ͳ˵ʲô˲𣬺ߺߡ
漴ѩȴչһЦ˵ĹϵͲѹϵȻֻˡ
ʲô˼Щ㵵ʵ
ѩָͷ˵һƷȻô㱾ҲǸ޵ˣΣǼǷô飬ǼҵĶˣԣҲֻǿǿ벻޼漦ˡ
˵㻹ǰɣȻֺαǿԼ
ѩֱɲԼǿԼ˽ָҽߣڣ㵹ã˱˻ԣˡ
ѩôһ˵ԴʱһȦϽ˵úúãвУǲ˵˵ˣ𣿡


651 
ѩʤƵСվվߵĲ˼ǰеĲ㡭Ĳ㡭
Ĳ˼ʹ·˯ƵģҲû̧ͷ
ѩӣһִĲ˼ļϣҡҡֵ͵͵ؽĲ㡭Ĳ㡭
룬ѩһΣĲ˼Ȼһ࣬Աߵ˹ȥ
ѩһæֽĲ˼סϸһŷĲ˼糺죬ͷ̣Ҳ΢
Ⲣǽֻ˯Źȥǻ˹ȥ
졭졭Ĳˡѩ§Ĳ˼磬תͷе
΢΢ԥһ£ɿ˹ѩһ飬ŷ֣ԭĲ˼߸һǹˣ˿ȻԵüΪ򵥣ֻһҩޣΧһȦѾףӦӵڣ˿ڷˡ
Ĳ˼һֱеˣûš
ŤͷȥᶼҪˣĲ˼ΪʲôôҲֻܹ
ӦĲ˼Ļ䣬ȥˣ
ɵ飬ǼҿֵʱĲ˼ҲһΣֻǸʱ
㻹Ÿʲô˰ѩе
ʹסʹ̾һ˵ĲСǹˣһʱ棬ж죬ڹƴ͸֧ܺǱܣϵ˺ΣֻԭҪףǱʶ涼
ôҲӦκ˰ѩе
ֻǻţ硭硭ߣˡˡһߵײײĳ˽
ʧӣ֪ΣٴȽ
ţҲŸ˽磬Щˣ߰硭
ֻһۿʵĲ˼磬˶ɵһĲ˼ôˣ
֪Σձƽȵӡѩָָȵ㣬ϽĲС㣬ȥϽ̹ǻϡ
ӰҲûԥǹһƵţģİǹ
Ĳ˼磬漴ȥֻĲ˼ȻʣӶģվվ
ƫƫֲҪ죬ֻĲ˼һִֻԼļϣһĲ˼ûµʯһĲ˼˶һˤڵϡ
Ӵԣ㲻ᱧĲϴߣᱳĲϴô
ƫƫӵĺ䣬̨ǸִһߴߴĽȻǾԳ
ԳĺԼȶʼҪǾԳĿֲۼ˵ǸʱһȺ˻ʯϵ¹ųǿأտɾݡ
òȴһһǽ㡭
һ仰û˵꣬Ǽ˹ƵģŤͷܡ
һܣѩһʱ֮䶼סˣᶪ»ʵĲ˼ܵˣ
ҡҲ١˰塭һ˲֮䣬ӱˣŭ
ŭУӻǹڶ׼ıӰּۿ죬һѽӵǹƿ
ǹը죬ӵײʯͷǽϣһǡ
ӣɱǲǣȵǹң㸺ڡ
Ѫһ˫۾ƵıӰ˺Ƭ̲Žǹȴǰһƣ漴ԼıˣĲ˼米ϡ
ԳĽʮѸٵĽӽգ֮Ӧþ͹˼̨ٲƬ̣͵˳ǽŶϡ
ӱĲ˼磬ѩˣʯݣӭͷ־ɵϡ
ɨһۣһʮˣʱֳ֡Լӡѩ־ɡӡ½Լ½ǸֵܳһһҴ߹ԶһĬ¿˶ԶԶģ̽ͷ̽Եٿ˵Ķ
һԭҪĬǱȥģֻһ룬ȴֲ֪ôֵͷ׷ֻûܼȴֵͷĬǱȥ
ӵŵЩˡ
־ɼһ仰ʵıߡ
ȵǱߺǱߣҶϺ󣬴ҿߡ
˵䣬ưܵĳǽǱߣѾһͷԳӰӰ´µ¶
һɵһͷ¶ӵľԳǱԼһǹֱۣ֮Ҳûһͷ֪ģȻ׷
ǾԳһ¶ͷ־ɡӸ½ֵؿ۰§һʱ֮䣬ǹ
ǾԳҲЩ£ǹһ죬̾Դӣ㵽ǽ¡
ᣬٴδеߡ
һʱ֮䣬һȺûȴ
ѩһ·ϰӣĲ˼磬Ҳ·ֻǰܣǰˣҲǽȴһֱĬʮ׵ľ롣
ĬֽýԲ˵ˣֻûҲֻǾԳԽԶԽã·죬ûƻţԼҲ֪ĸˡ
˲ܲʮԶٿȻһɺķ죬ڰæ֮лعͷȷ֮Ȼһĥ̰Сʯͷ
ʯͷϣ۾ûüգһ£ǿźʯͷȻ׹أ䡱һ󲻵ʮԶĵط
ʯ׹أǡһڰС£ҵ֦٣ʯ鶼Ľ׷ɡ
ƫƫһգ֮䣬Ϻĥ̰Сʯ飬Ӷֱƣ궼Ҫֲ
ĹƣҪ˵û׼㹻ӵ׼ֻںصĳǽʯͷľԳҲ޿κΣֻһǰܣԳԶһЩ
룬ԽǰܣǰĵԽƽ̹ϵֲľҲԽԽͰϡ衣
ǰżмųþ޴ïʢľܱһ赲ãһƬطֻеͰϡֲǺڵ
ƫƫʱǰĬִͣ
ðŲµľʯܵĬһŷ֣һȺˣٴһ
ǰһʮ׿ʮף涼ǹԳʵľǵ
Ӧɽ϶Ĳ֡ѩе
ֻʱǵôγɵģҲû˹ģؼоԳ׷ӵ棬ǵ֮
عͷȥ׷ľԳȻͷ֮࣬ͷԳΪͷϹֱ۵ľԳʶҸ⿿ֻѡʯԻϰ棬ץľʯʲôģҵߡ
ܹסǹźӵ΢¶ͷͷԳ˼ǹЧѣԽǼͷԳԽǽƻ
Ĭ˻֮ʣһʯͷ£¿˶ܲ޴ʯ˸ţ¿˶һ죬㵱˸ԽĽ
һˣ˲㱻ҵѪɣɵŵüвѣ֮£Ȼһ̤գˤȥ
Һ࣬һ֣ץסıӡ
һֱӼ
֮ȵԳһʱҹʲôš


652 Ӣһ
һţ̱ڵϣĽţȴվҲվ
֣ЩҰޣҲֻһΣô˶Ǹ־壬ȴͻȻӺˡ
˺һ׹ǰϾ޵ʱ򣬶Ĳ˼һչĲ˼Ϊ˿ڷףˣҲʧȥǴϣжϣʧȥС
ˣӺ£Ҳͺˡ
飬¶ѩȵѩչˡ
־ͽ͵ĶŶһѾʯľԳ˼ǹһ߶ܷʯͷľܵߣеСҵѪ𣿡
˵ͷ־̷ǹذףȻذ׵ֵ֣һۣ漴һڸ첲ϡ
ѪͬȪһ㣬Ѹ˳
־ҲȥѪ½µӵȫ˳һһȥպѪҺ
ʱ־ɾ׼ʮӵ
ֻʱ򣬻Ӵһûӵˡ
½ҲеҲûˡ
ϻУӺ½˵ǹͨõģԣ׸
ǰҲͷԳ־ɵʮ෢ӵаսһһĸɵ
־ɽ׼õӵѹУһѹһߴеӣ׼취ȥ
ǵʮ׽ʮ׿ЩԳܣҲܹһԾԣֻҪ˶棬ԳʯͷҲͰȫˡ
ӦһҪȥ׼ѰʵĵطǡһͷԳһʯͷ̽ԴӺĿ۶һд⣬Ϲͷ̽ͷǾԳһֻ۾
ͷԳ۾ϹʱߴߴĽţſʯԺ棬Ҳӵ˷ʯ飬ʲôģʱϡ˺ܶࡣ
Ӵϲ̴˳ȥ
־ɽѹӵĵУϵԼǰǹϣŽеС׼ˣǹ
ӦһԼǹȡڵϣ֮ˣס־ɵݹǹ
ǹԭҲǱƲѣǹѾûӵʱ򣬶һǹҲûôˣ
־ɽǹݸִеҸ㵱۲֡
۾׼ϣеϽ̹٣ֹǣϽ֯ǳˡ
ʱĲ˼ſӱϣԺģе
۾Ϻɵʯ飬һ߶ܣһߴŴϲ硭ĲС㣬ˡ
Ĳ˼硰šһ˵㡭
һֱĲ˼磬ǰһ·񱼣Ĵģʯ飬˵ʵһ۵Ҫ̱ڵϡ
ֻǣ˵Ҫչ˺Ĳ˼磬ҲֻܱҲĲ˼뷨֧š
Ĳ˼ѹˣǿ͸һˡ
ĲĲС㡭ҪԼߡһĴĶһ鳯Լɹʯͷһʵ
ţĲ˼ٴ˵Ҫһ𡭡
㿪ʯͷ֮󣬸Ͻ˸طеãҪˣĲϴ㡭վˡ
ӽĲ˼£תͷһȴĲ˼ǽһ˫۾ջ̣ȴ૵˵Ҹһ
ӵᶼһӹĲ˼ǶպͿˣҪٲƵĻֻº롣
硭硭§Ĳ˼磬۴ĲĲϴ첻ˡ硭
־ɵǹŶھʯѺͷԳһǹӵھʯը޴ʯͷըʯмϧǶھʯԺͷԳڹؼʱһԴȻܿҪӵ
ٴ׼ʱͷԳѹøͣӵҲκãƫƫʱִһеñ벻ѡ
һϽǹ˵ߡ
ʱĲ˼ͻȻ۾նգЩ̧ҪץסʲôƵģ૵˵
˵ţĲ˼ͻȻĴȥֻһ˫۴գȥ
硭ӱߵĴе
ʲôҲû˵һѽĲ˼§ڻһԴԴעĲ˼ڡ
С־ɴе졭Щˡ
־ϣҲͽһǹңҲͽֻʣ巢ӵǼͷľԳ˵΢½ǸֵܣҲֻʣ¼ӵ
ƫƫһ̣ǼͷԳǷ˷Ƶ˹
ٶ׵ľ룬ֻһգ֮䣬ͷԳ͵ǰ
ȥĲ˼ƣֻܹܽעĲ˼ڣ漴ǹ׼Ѿ嵽ԼǰľԳ
硭һӵǰһͷԳԴþԳ˳ȥһӵըһͷԳİӣӵֱӽͷϱ۾Գըء
ֻӶûü־ٴδеߣ桭࡭
ͷԳ棬׵ľ룬ǺѹѹһȺ˼ξޣȻȾԳٶ˲٣ڶࡣ
ͷϣˮৡһ˳һǹ棬ܹҲʮӵǰ˷˼һȺͬɫˮһӿξޣֹʮͷ
ʱӴеǡ졭
һ̣÷ɻץһԾ԰š
ӽкʱĬѾ̴Ϲ԰½ѩ־ɵˡ
Ƕ˶棬ѾɱʮͷξޣӵҲѾ⡣
ֻʱ߻ӡĲ˼硢ˡ
ҪĲ˼һߣãһشټĲ˼ɻڻ֮Уģ˵ԥҶξ޸ڵľ֮£ǲӡ
һߵĻ׾Ĳ˼֮Ǿͺ˵ˡ
һﵽ¿ƢҲˣԼĲ˼Ҳ˵ߣҪĻҲֻһˡ
һҾܣ˲ʱ䣬ֱۿǺѹѹһȺξ޶Ҫǰˡ
ѩڶ棬ӻԥ̲ס˻ӡ㰡ҪˣҡҲˡҾʹȥ
ץѶǹٺ١һЦ˵磬ӴûӢ۹ҸᣬҽӢһѣүǶһѡ
ѣֻʱҲûʱȥǳӣĲ˼һ漴ͳһӣĲ˼ԼıϣȻһӡҵ㡭
漴Ĳ˼磬
һߣӶʱЦЩӣүôʰǡ
Ĳ˼磬ѩ˻һ𣬻عͷֻڹЦУ¡
µӰξޣиֱµģſģиξ޵±ϣֻһ˼Ȼܼ漴һԾҪ档


653 ˵ıأ1
ֻЩξȻ޴󣬵Ͼߵľʵ̫ԶʹξȫһҲֻʮԶԣЩξޣ޲׷µµ䣬һܹվλá
ֻе˿£һǴвѡ
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ſ±ϣ´С
û뵽ǣһұڵ´еôƨãȰŪȥ˵
һں棬ֱĲ˼簲ȫĸѩǻ֮Ž·ɻץӣԼ䣬Ȼץ¡
ϾЩξ޶ǰҪӹȥ²ŸӣͻᱻЩξץȻӹͷӶʣһ
ѩӻڽУʱΪЦӣ
ȥϣֱбˣײʲôģãֻƱЩƤƨϱײ˰ƶһ࣬ͷʲôģһҲû˵
ЩҩӣðİͿĨͿĨæ˺һ
һΣ˰¿˶ùԳʯͷֱ֮⣬ĵ˿ûܵˣе˶ҲûӵǹҲֻʣˣ½Ｘѡ
ıˣΪĲ˼ʱ򣬲òͬĲ˼籾˵ıһ
ԣԭʣļʣʱģͽֻʣǸ
һȺ˰ӰİĲ˼ļ飬ҲѶЩξ޷
ӷȤĿŲϴЩξޣ˵ЩҲǵģ֪һǷ˰ɣ
ѩһ߰Ĳ˼绻ҩͷһЩξޣ˺һüͷ˵ǵҪϽ뿪
šͷ˵ȴû̫ѩ⡣
̫ԼĽϣѩֻý˵ע⵽ûУЩ˷Ƶģ˵ʲô
һ漴ʵ˵ʲô
ѩüͷ˵˵ЩԳιǿֲĶ㿴Ǹ񾢶ӦҲǿֲµĶ
ѩôһ˵һҲ˵԰ôû뵽һ㣬طǲܾ
ӻû˵꣬ͻȻе⡭㿴
ҲҲͶʮʮԶڳÿһ˶ܿġ
ѩȻû˵ԳξޣЩǱ׷ģǵģȻ˶󣬺ѹѹһƬϣ
һϣѩˣǴڳɽԭʼɭҲģ֮£ڿЩϣͷҪö࣡
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˵֮䣬˵ı涼ᵽһɹζӦϵζ
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Ǿ󣬱һȺ˵Գ֮ľޣҪֲ
ʱǿƽϣֻʣʱʱֵһѶѵİ׹ǡ
ƫƫЩϳԹЩξޣȻ±ϣ˲סҡԴϵ롣
һʱ֮䣬ϣȫһƬѹѹסζԴ
ɷȴǿЦ˵ãЩ͹ﶼҾͲܷɹ
δ䣬Ӵеáпսӡ
ӵĽ֮УֻʮֻŽһ׶೤ĳϣѾȺ֮зȻֻʮֻǻʮףȶĺƣװֱҪ
̧ոհõһֻƣָŭѻ죬㲻ܷɣƫܷˣҲҲһڰҧڣ
ɷսսȴӲǼֻôҡҾͻܰôء
䣬һֻϵͷ£ͷײȻײһƨϣ漴ſаľ򦣬ǰҧȥ
ŵɫۡһУȥ赲ǰľ򦡣
Һѩһ֣Ͽ漴һֻϵԴϣߵֻԴһᡣ
־ɸ½ǹ֧ľ֮ӭŷ׷µķϣҡֺ̣
ЩȻ޴󣬵˵ͣȴֲʮ֮һͣ˵ɹģҲֻôʮֻԶԶȲöǺڳһȺԣ־ɵˣʱҲֻзһ
֮УΪǸߵĹӣҡͱӵȶϳ䣬ϵĸָ֫飬·׷ɡ
һգ֮䣬ֻ϶ϡá
ĬƾС鶯һľԸֻϣҲǴ´ࡣ
־ɵҲһ˵־һֻϵģҲ˺һֻϲģ棬ȻգҲһߵ¾ʮֻɹϣ֮㱻ɱøɸɾ
ֻһ￴ŷصĲ֫壬ʹѵĴе磬Ͳ飬ֻϰôϣûȥ඼ܻôһѳƱЩˣ涼ǲѳƱǮˡ
ѩֺЦָֺŶ治ͣڵȺȵӣǱ߻УҪһֻģ͹ȥץ
ĨһմҺǺЦҪֵȥץһֻ
ӵȻ˵Цģһʲôһֻ뵽ǮҲûһͼͲա
ӹȻҡҡͷЦ˵ҪٻͷȥץҪңôҪңٺ٣ȥץͲҪˣڷɹֻ㹻ˡ
ӸոЦ꣬ȺﵱٴηһȺϣһȺǽֻʮֻ
źѹѹͬһƬƷɹȺŽŴˡҿ쳷
һ߳ӽһ˭ѻ졭
꣬Ťͷ񱼡
Ĳ˼磬ѩӵҲһ·񱼣һߴкӸѩˣǧҪɢꡣ
Щž޴ĳڿտĵطԣ뵽棬پͶ˲ٵ谭
ΪľڵҲܺ޹˼ɵƾնһȻɲֹۣǻȴ˲١
һ·Ķӣ˽Сʱǿĺ죬Կ϶ǣԻûȫЩϵ׷һȺ˶΢һڣȴɲ̫ͣá
ӼĲ˼磬ʱͷ󺹣˵磬Ҫ
һҡҡͷ˵ɣһס
ʱǰ־ɵִ
ǰĵ΢һЩǵȴһԼʮɣȴݲĵش
ݲĵشУ߰ĹǺţʯͷϣЩǺӣӦˡ
ֻһһĵ棬ɫ䣬ĵطǴӵĺɽ


654 ˵ıأ2
ֻûҽӽĵشҴĵشᴩشһش
ʲôشܱЩ𣿺ٺ١Ц˵һһ˵Աֱǰ洳
еԡ
Ҳĺȵӣȿ˵
סӣ꣺˵һشô£
ǺȻ˵شʲôߵ棬ǣҲ֪Ϊʲô
ĺˮƽޣһ֮£͸Ǵʲ⣬˵
֪һ˵ףҪֱȥǰһ̬ȼֻʱͣ½Ųһһȥꡣ
ֻ΢һ󣬱мֻϴ˳־ɸӡ½ֻǰʱһȦӣסϣȴǽ֮ᣬֻǲʱӵȽϱ㱻һֻϳһƤ⡣
ԽԽķ˵־ɵ˼˴ˣһߵ־ܣһߴУϿ취
ۿֵסӿķϣĬԵĲ꣬һˣ漴͵͵ת̤ش˹ȥ
ĬһˣԭϵȦӶʱһȱڣ־ɵ븹ܵеľء
ԭϾѾ˵־ɵˣȻҧţκθϵķԽԽ࣬˵ҲֻǱƵһش
һشոտۼԵشԵҲûʲôһգ۾ҪӽǼ߹Ǻ
ɾһգ֮䣬ĲʱҲǽ뵽شԶ
оԼĲŤͷɫĿˣˣǰ˲к죬ƺʲô˵Ŀ־Σա
ʱĪվһܶſ죬ȴκ沿ⲻήʧӣͽʣһƤˣ龰ëȻ
ûãƤҲ֮ʧˣֵǣϹϲܿɫĶ񱻴˵еѪѪһֱֻʣһѰɭɭĹͷŵڵϡ
ʮԶĬֲһĻ̲סţҪش˳ֻĬǱʲôסһ㣬޷ѡ
Ĭʧ룬еҡһѡ
ʱ־ɵҲֵסԽԽķϣѹòסĺˣƫƫĬԽ鼱Խ˵Ȼ
Ȳ֮£ֻôĲ˼磬־ɵˣһһ˽شıԵ
ǣ˸ո˽شϱֹͣشıԵǰһֻԽԽķϣſشԵ˲סĻζԴϵĴ룬ȴɢȥ
Ҳ˲ȽϲƤ⣬һЦҧҰҧңҿҪץסǡ
ֻʱĬվĴ
ǧһ֮ʣĲ˼磬ܽشһѳסĬ
ֻһסĬҲ̸о̶һ㣬ʲôסһʹȫ͵һ
ǿĬڿնֻĽΪǹĪٻ࣬Ĭӣǿ£һ˵ϣ˵˲浹ڵϡ
ĬϣҪǹĪţҲ
ڵϣҲǸоһɽѹסһ㣬Ҳá
ѩĬѹ棬Ҳã֪죬Ҫǰȥæֻץסѩһץסķɻץеӡӡ
궯֣ȡ·ɻץתͷĬȥ
ֻĬ˾ſڼԶĵطһ˺üӣÿһͷֻ˲һԶĵطٿȻ£Ҳײߡ
ӶЩǰķЦһ󣬻عͷŷѾ䵽վһ̴̤絽ߣӣֱīȥ
֮䣬ӱо޴ֻҧ˵ľ֮УһһŲ˺ðΣߵĬߡ
ӵߣеܹʲô
һ˫ŴŲȴЦҪȣҲҸһĵطҿ߰
Ĭſϣǿ̧ͷŭ˭Ҫȡǡǡ
֪ں˵˵ȴҲ̲סŭŪѹˡ
ȥĬֻһ֮䣬ӵҲѹһḥ̂ѹԭֱ˫һʱڵأֻһҧץסĬîȫһ
һ㽫ĬҲһƨ˵ϣֻĬץţվһԴȴոպӵ֮䡣
Ĭ˼£̲סеӣˡ
ڵϣҲһĬУ̲סЦûӣ⼸ʱ䶼ûϴˣٺ١طǡҲû㡭
ӡĬѪŭѡ
ʱǿѵߵĬߣһĬһӣһһŲصشıԵ
شıԵɴڣֻ΢࣬˴ڱԵ֮ԣֻܸоõڣȴ̫Ӱ졣
صѩߣʵʵڵĴϢ˺һǱŰٽ˰ʮ·һ㡣
Ϣ˺һ˵شм䣬־޴ѹԽѹòܶ
ѩšüͷ˵νشӦǴ쳣ҹơǰǵĴ⣬һжǴġ
ӺĴʵʲô󣿡
ѩ˵ǻأĸ˵ǶΪǻķͣ⡯֣м˼˵ա
Ų뿪ȴֲҽشЩϣðβ˵˼˵أʵǻطֻǺĴ˵ѱ˼ˣ
ѩ˵ͷǴҪǴǵԼ⴦شΪô£
һеЩֻΪ˽ЩҰޣǰЩϣȫƬɽȡǸ
أΪط˼Ҳ˵⴦ءԭĳ־ЩĪսǾۼĳλ֮ĵط
ġӲɵñߵĴǧ࣬ԭֻһռǧǰĹսɱ̾ϧ
ҵķƴơӱ˵ԼߵԵɡ
һͻȻ̧ͷһȺϽҲȴķϣһʱ䣬¶ϲɫյǰ˵磬ҸæץһֻƳɱ걾ôҲֻȥ
ż֮޷ϣû˵Լȥˣҿɲ뱻һȺϳԵ


655 ˵ıأ3
һҪȥæץһֻ޴ϣⶫ˾޴ҪŪȥĻ϶һüǮ
һҪȥץϣǲԸö˶˵ģΪ˼ǮαҪȥðǸգǸϽѰҳ·źãϾĲ˼˿Ȼ򵥣ҪúõҽβС
ȻϣһʵͲסӵķɻץ΢趯һ£漴ŷȺ˹ȥ
Ⱥһң漴ڷɻץ֮ϣӴϲһӣһЦٺ٣˲󼺣㿴㿴
û˵꣬ҧסӣ͵һϣ̱ɫקͬκһ㣬ϵֱǰŲ
ɻץξȹһȺˣʵһɻȱĹߣһº֣ۿɻץӶҪóȥ
ۿӸЩϰκһû˵ӣô̰ġ
ҧסӣɥǿＷһ仰硭Ҫٲ֡Ҿ͡Ҿȥǡˡ
ٺٵЦ㲻һһҪץץһֻôٺ٣ⲻǻôס˾ͿְɣҪȻ
ǷԽԽ࣬ʱͽɻץһ򣬼ǻӡ־ɵ˶Ҫطɻץû
ۿӵ˶סеж˴ҲûãǸϽְɡ
ʵǶסˣӵֻøϽ֣һ֣һŷϣϵӡಡһ֮شıԵ
ӿɥ˵ҵצӰ
û˵㻹̰ģ´Ҫɻץʱȥ취
ֻǲյ֮䣬һȺΪҪĹߣһȺжɥͲö˵ˡ
΢ЪϢһ˵ҪֱӴһشʵǼΪѣҪ˳ߵĵطȥһ³·
ڣзһԻ񣬵Ǳصش˷Ƿࡣ
һָָұߣ˵˳ߡܡǴӵĺɽ
΢һ£ʱ򣬷ҲûĵطȥҲֻ˳ָķȥ
ҪĲ˼ģֻʱعҲӵ˽ӽĲ˼硣
˵ߣ̱Ĳ˼磬һȺ
ʱ򷴵Ĳ˼Ҫȴס
ô˭ֻҪĲ˼粻ͺãǰı֣мȥϣҲȥ˵
һ˽һЩϱ𽥱ں棬ٸشԷ֮ĶӰĴ
һ·˵ش֮䣬ֺüееĺǣЩ˲ǲ֪УȲѣ棬ֻʣһѿݹǵ³
һΪĲ˼磬ʵ߲ˣֻͣȺʱҲȥűĲ˼硣
ЪһһΣĲ˼۾ԼߣĲ˼һ˳
˺һĲ˼ߵ˵ɣԼߡ
һ漴Ƶ˵磬ˣǾͺãǾͺá
ԼߡĲ˼ٴ˵
Ĳ˼Ѿ˹Ӹ˾һϲôĲ˼ܹѹҲǷһʯͷ
ֲĲ˼磬ֻýĲ˼Ĳ˼˫أ΢΢һΣǣ˿ڡ
ϽĲ˼סʵ硭û°ɡ
лл㡭Ĳ˼˵
˵ʲôأǺǣ磬ѹ˵顭΢΢һ˵
ʵġǰֹ˵ǰ˭ʲôˣһƨġˡ
죡ͺȵʲô£
Ӳĵ˵۵һͲ˵ˣ㱳ĲԾɽϿھˣǵͷأáֶò磬ұûš
ٻҲøұţ˵ò˵øУһ仰ְǵøиʵ÷飿
ô˵ĿСӼʵġӲ޵˵
ҲÿҪȻôʰ㣡в
ѩִݣϽ˵ǰǲǸо⴦ش棬һַǳ
Ӽ˵ȥϽ˳ڴǰҴûĵطҶȥԣ֪ô𣿡
ѩҡҡͷ˵Ҳȷ˵ôһ£˵ϣкܶطһֵǾǴ쳣
ѩ˵ţָֻֽ˳ʱָָ룬Ȼͬ糵һ㣬ת죬һǴ쳣
˿һ²ͣתָ룬ѩ˵˵쳣ĵط༯ڱγʮңĽǡԼʼȵȵط벻ҰɽҲôһ
һͷˮѩʵ쳣ʲôϵ
쳣ͻᵼ䷨⴦ش߽ȥʲôקһֱϵѪȫק塣򵥵Ľ͵
ֻһֱ󡣡ѩҡҡͷ˵Ҿ⴦쳣ô򵥡
ţѩڴѩ˵øһЩ
ƫƫʱӴ
ʵʱ򲻽ֻӣ־ɡ½ҲҪгֻǱһУǼ˵Ľѹȥ
̧ȥֻͬشԵǰ治ԶĵطҲż߹Ǻֻ⼸߹ǺԱߣԵİһֻưܵľ䡣
Ӵ˵һǷıˣٺ١ջ񡭡
йǺӣбش˵ȻȻľ뵽ջ
ӽţ˵ӱϣȲȥĶ
ѩ˵⼸߹ǺϣûȥʲôȥǼ߹Ǻ
Ǽ߹ǺشԵӦòΪشм쳣Ǳ֮ˣֱﵼ¼˵С
⼸߹Ǻ£һѾʲô״Щ졣
ѩְǿסĸֻһۣ漴˵ӦǷõһֵǹ
һ漴ʵȷ
ѩͷ˵ǹMAS36ʹ÷ǳ㷺һǹеңʮͳһ㶼ֳӷۣǹҼ֪
Ҳ˵ȷ⼸˾Ƿֳߣٴʵ
ѩٴΰǿһ˿˵㿴⼸ˣŵĶͬ˵һ֧飬ֳʱڣһˣôװ
ֻǣľǷûܴߵıЩֵĿӣ˵
ʱӸӵѶֲǣȥĶ
һ֮£ٴδ


656 ٳһ
棬һЩ鲻ĹͷѾ鵽ʱ֮ڷֱ治ЩʲôĹͷ
Ҳѹӻ
ֻ¶һ˿ײЦ⣬ǰæˡ
ӲģƷЩͷƬʱأЩͷʱøӵײǵһѾɫЩƵ޲Ƭ
ֻ޲ƬһʱҲƬƬѣԭǼʲô
ѩЩ޲Ƭã˵ҼǵûĻǿ޲Ӧֳʱڣ⼮ţھСӵľ죡
ֳ֪ʱڵķ⼮ŵھСζʲôѩ΢΢һŽ˵Сӣڵʱһ֧ǳصĶ飬ʷ϶֧ļضǷǳ죬֧СӵʧҲء
ЦЦôأھСӣӦרʵʩӶҲĲӰɣ
ѩҡҡͷ˵֧Сӣһ֧ȫΧڣ̽Ѱ¼ĲӣǸʱϣǲԶ̽նӣͬһʡ
ѩôһ˵׹˵ϣյʱɳԶ̽նӣ㼣鲼ȫǵѩԭϲɽأѰҡնȡ˹ڵ֤ݣѰܸıʱ䡢조šġġ
ô˵ǰ⼸ʬҲǷ˵ĵھСӣҲѰڵ֤ݣֻҪѰҵġ塱᲻˾εЩż
ѩ˵ݴ˵ʱ֧ӣвš
ѩ̧ۿ˿ƳһΧˣûʲôע⵽Լˣѹ˵ӵˡ
һЩĿ˿ӵˣӼܻڵüɹûעԼߣҲ˵˵⻰ñȥˣǿ鷳
ѩԳԵһЦ㻹鷳ߺߣԺñҡ
ҪЮңʧ
ǲҪЮѩЦЦÿɷ񣬵ȴ⣺ھСӣӦЩԹʵ춼˵ȫʧܣ񡭡Ҳ˵ôĸ֣һˣ
֪䣬ѩָһñӣЩƮƮȻ
ҵô˵һҿԿ϶ǾܰǰȫĴȥԲһƮȻ֮ʣظ˵
˺ˣҲҪʲô֤ǸϽǰȥʲôƱɣʱȫȥѩЦ
ֻѩôһ˵ľ֣ѩ˵ģ֪ǰнƱڵԼһƵġ
ѩվһһ˵ھС˵Ҳˣ˵ıʹȻʹΣյ£Ƕ϶ᶪҪصĶҲµûĻصĵھСӣȻֻôһͷ
̧ϸһǰ棬Щʧ˵´ˡ
ǰĲܼĵطܿģҲֻǲʱеļ߹Ǻ֮ϢһҲû
һһΣϵеʬǲ޵ȥһţֻߵЩǺ˲ѷ飬꣬ߺߵϼ䡣
⵹ӣӺݺݵغǳ˼䣺ЩǺ˵ϻһ⣬Ψһ֤ݣֺοǻٵ˵ߣηߣÿģ㶼ûУ
û˵ҵıˣߺߡ۵һʱû˿ü˼һãǿɶġ
Ƭ̣Żζӻ˼һйߣǳڶߵĲޣʱڣĲ˼磬첻һ𣬿Ĳ˼˼ΪмԴɫࡣ
ʵЩŭΪֵ
ؼʱӱĲ˼һ·ģؼʱΪĲ˼簲ȫԽǵɽӶԼ͸˵Ĳ˼磬һ·
ڵˣԿ飬Լ˵ķݶͣ˾ӢۣԼԩͷˡ
һۺȵĲ˼磬תͷŭҪҪȥ˵յ㣿
һ漴Ĺĵ˵ǵûǸҪҾǿߣ
ŭҲ˵㿴Ҳÿţ̲סҲñţĲϲСӣ㻹ΪˣҪȻֵû
Ӽһ޻ѿʮЦ˵ҸˣҵȻˣ㿴Ҷ˳ˣвУߺߣôôûûεֵܡ
ʵֺγգǣ¾ʱ͵ôݺѪ̣ſͷ˵ʹ񵶽ʣﻹ˵Ѫ˵³ķѽ
ȻʵҲһ⣬Ҳֻڰ̾ϢһϵذĲ˼˵Щû
Ǹӵĵطʼһֱ˳شıԵǰߣƾʮ߾ߵеʬ֮ǰҲû·ˡ
һȺһȦֻص϶γɵɽϡ
һŰʮɽһ汳ĪشЩûﵹһӪկĺȥ
οҲѾ˺ĺİʱڣ־ɵ˼ûô룬;ڴ˴һޣһȥѰҳ·
һʱˣҲû˯һþڱشټ־ɵһЩľ֦һ𣬻Ͼܸǵ˯һ
ɴӱȡʳˮһȴûȥַַֻǰóĶһѣӴ͡
ȥȥĲ˼磬ΪÿһĲ˼磬ЩƵΣʹ
Ĳ˼Ҳ֪ȤľĴҶѿ
ֻһַʳĲ˼˸ǰʳˮû˿ۣȴ˵һ̾Ļ
ԴӣӢ۾ıݺֵܲñ
ӵĻû˵꣬Ʊϵ۾ŭСҸԩ޳ģǸҹȥ
ӺߺߵЦƿˮʳŵϣҲ˵ֻЦתҪߡ
Ĳ˼翴ӣ˵ӣ⻰ʲô˼ܲ˵һЩ
ӼһЦŹ˵Ĳϴ֪˾ϲ˵˵ûʲô˼ԷԷ˺˯һʲô¶ûˡ
Ĳ˼˵ӣװɵô£Ҫ˵ҡҡ
Ĳ˼绹Ҫһ˵ôʰ㡭
⼸ֻ֣Ĳ˼ĺ˸תû˵
ӹЦĲС㣬ڲǵϴˣҲûװʲôɶģǺǡҸܸ¶ܸˣڹ鶫ܣЩأҵȻҲûҪ˵ˣ𣿡
ӡ㡭Ĳ˼һֳˮֻĲ˼ǿţˮ
ӡں˵˵ʲôҹԶԶĽе
Цţָָ֣ǱߣЦ˵ԲĲС㣬ûҶˣҵùȥǺǡλˡ
ӡĲ˼ᣬ˵ӣ˵˵
ӿĲ˼۵⣬ҲǲܣҪҪֱӰα˵ƫƫʱһӲӵĶеӣûٳһ񡭡


657 ϧ
ʱĲ˼Ҫٽѯʣ϶ǲܵˣһܣһߴеĲС㣬͵ʲôû˵Ժʱġ
Ĳ˼绹Ҫ˵ʲôֻѾһͷһ
ѩ־ɻĬʱѾæˣڱشһߣذסľǿ˫֣ڵ
ʱʱģҲٳһӡʲôģЩ࣬ǻ֮֮Ҳûȥһ㣬һ飬һϡϡġ
Ӱϣһطһ٣ٳһǰڳһĽ飬ҲٿˣӼֵˣջʼջ
պãӸ֣ͣǰԼΧĵƤһ飬ֻǳǰٳǿ֮⣬Ҳûҵʲô
ֻѩǼȴǲʱطһ󻶺ÿһ󻶺ľʹҵһ
ĬĴ࣬ʮʱ棬ĴΣĻӡ־ɡˡҲջķᣬҲһ
ѩ˵ĻȻĺ٣ǰҫһδ֮󣬾ҲûĽѩ;ǻһ£漴ѩ̾ϢҵĶ˲ֵ̫Ǯ֮⣬Ҳô
Ĭһη֮ŻعζĬһˣ˳شԵɽǱһ·ѰңһȴǸ⣬ȻشңԭǷ򲻶ԡ
΢룬ҲܹõģԼ˶֪˳شԵǰߣѵ˾Ͳ֪
ʹԼһͣϽתӣ嵽Ĭǰͷǵȥ·ס
ֻʱҲʼгȻһЯЩƱˣȷ˳شıԵߣһ·ǲǾܷһǵĽ֮Ķ
һȺУۺ첻ѣ֪ͼ뵽ٱ֮ȥˣʱȻҲҵһС
Щ棬ֻĲ˼һһ۾ȻһȺ˷ܲѵҳȻУĲ˼ȴɫ
Ϊҵ˻ˣҲΪûҵʧ̾Ϣ˾һûĵܣճյشǱߡ
ֱӵһֱٵ±ϣҲûǰһȺͣ
һȺ棬ÿһ˶˸߲ң໥չʾԼٳĶԼЩļֵ
һҲԶԶվһߣȻ΢Цʵȴһ˿ײį
Ĳ˼һ˹¼ŵͬ¼š
ǰһǼѻ࣬ǻֻǰҶһһЦͬˣڣ֮伸˱ɽҪĺ蹵
龰˭˲
ȻҲ˲
ӵЦһƽһΣջĬҵżٵѩֻҵ־ɡ½ֵҵ弸ȡ
һȻһʼҴ˷򣬵Ǻȴڱǰ棬ռȻҲҵ߼
ֻһȺ໥ҫ֮̾뵽һʵ⡪ԼҵЩжļֵ
Ҫش⣬ӵһʱ뵽Ȼʡ
ԼȻҲǸӵģҪ˵ֵⷽ棬ȻȨ
ԭﷳƵ̱ΧסĬһٵǰʵ㿴ֵ٣
ϰ塭㿴⼸ŬԼѺ˵崦һЩ
ǺǡСæ⼸ֵܲϼ顭־ɲ˼Ц
ϵܡӽ飬Լһ񻷵ݵǰʵЩܸܲһ¥
ЩȷֵһЩǮȴ㲻ϼֵ̫󣬻ƽһһģкȷ飬֮ģҲ㲻Ͼ˵ؼûʲôƷһֵ飬Ѿˣ͵ǹ׾ʵҲǶ߰
ܵ˵һٳĲøղоģֵһֻΪͨĽףЩĶҲõֵùǬͳһļֵ
Ҳɨ˴ҵ£һһģĬ˽˵һ飬ȻְŴ¹˼Ǯ
һĬϲѣĹۣǼǵĻѾܹﵽʮңңԪ
־ɵ˵ЩҲڶʮңңһ족Ѿ㹻ûӡ־ɵֺǺһˡ
ҵļ㲻úãߵļֵҲжʮģ͵ģֵֻٿҲС
ΨǼһ˵һٳǿƽֵ֮߰⣬µһҲ͸˸ļǮ
ӱʾر𲻷ֱ׳ظ˵ٳĶǸʲôھСӴŵģʵҾͲ˵ˣղؼֵأֵء
סЦ⣬˰ٵ˵Ҳ֪ʵءڹ潻еĵλ˵˵ͭģܱȵù˼Ұģʰܱȵù˼ɺģУ㿴㿴ͷģΪİֻţͷġ
˵һӾһݣһһĵϣӵ˶̧ͷˣ
˼ٳģǽҲֵüİ룬Ҳҵһֵʮ觷ƫƫԼֱֻٳһѲֵǮö
ԿԿţ
ѩٳһǼֵİ壬һȴЩֵĽ˿͵ɺ鴮ѩûȥҪۣѩԹ涼Щоȴͬرؼֵ
Ĳ˼һ˹һߣѩתתǴɺߵĲ˼¡
Ĳ㣬ʲôأ
˰ΣĲ˼ջؿնתͷһѩ΢΢죬ֻǻû˵һȴ
ѩ֣Ĳ˼˹Լ΢΢ЦЦ˵飿
Ĳ˼ĬĬĵ˵ͷ漴һֻ֣ϵ۲ȥ
šѩһ˵Ĳ㣬˵ʵҶ˵ʵûͬ
Ĳ˼絭ҡҡͷһˮٴι
˰ΣĲ˼ŵ˵ѩӣܸܲң˹ų֮󣬵׷ʲô
ѩ˵ʲôǲҪҪڴҶţĲ㣬ҵ㣬ӦĲң浽;ĩ·ͷǵҪӦ޸ɣ㵽ôģ
Ĳ˼ĬȻ˰Σŵ˵ѩãĻܵĽкܴĲ죬һˣڲ֮Ĵͳͬҡ
ѩĲ˼֣ҼҶһľĲ˵˼԰ɣҾĸ㲻ף˵ǼʱѵĻֱӸ˵˵ĿŲܣɱ˵Ϊǣ
ֻͬش˵ĲҲҪǮһҪȨĻΪǸҲδػȥˡ֪ġ
Ĳ˼һ˺һ˵ѩãֻܶԲˣ㡭Ժ󡭡ǸĺкӣԺúõϧҸԵ޷ݡ


658 ɵΣ1
ѩҡͷ˵ǵδأҿ֪ÿһ㣬ԼҲǺʹġ
Ĳ˼ٴĬȻľΣĲ˼統ȻҲ֪ôҪȻĲ˼ҲͲʹࡣ
˵ҲӦôǼͥڲ顣ѩʹĲ˼֣˵ҾǺˣ˵úõأĲүүĲ塢Ĳǣ˭֪˭ĬϣɾôһӣǼ̬ͻȻ֮ͱˣĲ㣬ܸңΪʲô𣿡
Ĳ˼Ťͷȥ˺һ˵ѩãеۡ
ѩ֪Ĳ˼ҲѻȥӦǴĲ˼ĵ׵ʹԣĲ˼粻ȥ
ţѩſĲ˼֣˵ͷ˵ˣϢһҲãĲ㣬Ҹոҵһ鴮ͦÿģ͸㣡
˵ţѩǴɺ鴮˳Ĳ˼
Ĳ˼翴ССһ鴮ˮһӿ˳
ллĲ˼ǿ¶һ˿Цݣһˮֽİ⴮ɺؿڣ˵
ϲͺãѩҲ΢΢ЦЦ
ʱһѩ˵ɩӣҿҲҵģȴûʲôܲóҿ
һƢѩβкöۣǴ򷢲ģ£ѩǿ˳ݵǰ˵ҵҪĻ͸ˡ
ӿ˿ѩ壬ȻñԼЩ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ㲻̫ļֵոӾͼƵߵģҲѡ
ֻһﵱ治ϰݣЦе˵ɩӣ⻰˵ãôҪɩӵĶǸոҲɩűЩģóҼʶʶ
ѩҡҡͷ˵һģһɺ͸ĲˣҪȥ
Ӵ˴Ŀ˿Ĳ˼磬ȴҡҡͷֹ˵ǻ˰ɣʡáʡáǺǡ
˵ţӻͷҪߣѩ΢һ漴˵ӣ˵顣
ЩĻͷ˿Ĳ˼磬Ц˵ɩӣҪ˵ĲС°ɣ֪ˣǺǡֻ㿴ɫҲһȥҵķƴƣĲС飬п˵п˵Ǻǡ
ѩһһＴʹôˣô֪ԼҪ˵Ĳ˼飿ѩ漴׹Ҫȥķƴ֮⣬ҲΪҪ˵ȹĲ˼顣
˾ȹĲ˼£ӿ϶ѩ˵ʲôΪѩҲһǳӣԲ׼ᡣ
ֻѩҪ˵ģȴһ飬ƾŮӼҵУѩĲ˼ѡмԭ֪Щԭ֮⣬ӦûԣΪĲ˼ҲǱ̸ܶ
ѩ˵ģԭ飬ȴŤͷܡ
ֻ΢һȴЦеĹߵĲ˼ߣżݵĲ˼ǰЦ˵磬㿴С˵ЩֵٵǮǺǣϲļ
Ȼͬǡ͡Ĳ˼綼û࿴һЩֻǵĵ˵ͷ˵ԼպðɣҲ̫ϲЩ
Щʧ漴ЦЦ˵ҲãǺǡ磬룬ҵ˸䱦˸ǮǾЩǮȥŷޡȥԼǮȥν飬òã
Ĳ˼ǿЦЦ˵ô죿
һֻȭͷᶨ˵֪ǵֻһϵĹٶʵ㣬ҲϲݣŬ׬ЩǮԼȥԼҪ
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷԼԼ⻰Ǻ˵Լڣ֪ҪĶԼҪжѡ
Ĳ˼ֵĺǵȻεЦЦ漴ʰһµ棬׼Ĳ˼úõϢ
ֻʱַ˾棬з׷˹
ʱҪǱʲôһȺҲ͵øϽתƣѰҸӰȫĵطҹ
ֻƫƫǷϣȻ˾棬־ɵ˵Ҳη壬شбžǰһԵ־ܷϵĽ
־ɵ˳׷ķϲ֮ʣŬһЩľԱʱ֮衣
ʱȺķ˹Ϊ棬üֻһɽѣϵĳٿȻ֮䱻û˳ķҲ˲ѡ
˶ڻѺ棬شԵһֻֻķϵѣȼһȤ
ЦǰӦõӵģҪȻҲᱻһȺӣƨġٺ٣ǳһڶ
ֻǲʱϱ㿪ʼɫԽԽķ˹յĹȻ࣬ûҲԽԽ࣬ľսǣЩΪû˳򣬴ҲһӱϹһ㣬ʼҴҴ
кüֻû˴ϣƹѣֱشԵ˹
տʼ֮ʣ־ɵ˵Ҳû⡪ǼֻĿôͶ֮øɸɾ
ʱһŷ֣һɵסϣ
οյķԽ࣬ƾԽֱȫѹΣա
Ͻ̹٣ǵøϽ취뿪طе
־˵ΨһķɻץҲûˣӣҲֻʣһ
򿪱óӣ˼絶ʵЩô
־ɺǾȵĿıôǰٱƵģҪʲôȻͻʲô
ʱ־ɵҲöʣֻóļ絶ԼһӰˣһ׵ķɻץҪֱ԰ѩȴֹ˵ҲǹųǱߣʱȥΣգҪߵĻֱµг·
־룬Ҳ޳ѩ飬ٻصųǱߣһȺڶϳֿȭҪʲôΣգҲֻеķݶˣµ棬ʱһ١
׵־跨±һܹιϵסӵĵطȻϵһ漴
ǰ̽·ģٲ˻ӣһӣξͿȥˣԣһȥ̽·ģ˻ӻĬ
־ɸ½ں棬ֵʱƹѵķϡ
ʮˣÿһˣʱѱϾֻʣ־ɡѩĲ˼硢ˡ
ʱȽֿʼ
Ĳ˼ˣж㣬͸˵ˣҪٴαĲ˼磬ȴ֪ʮ׸ߵ£ԼҲδܹȫײҪٱĲ˼磬Ȼֻʱȴֲʾ
ʱҪչĲ˼磬һж¶ڶˣ
ۿԽԽ࣬ʼߣֲϺ󣬵ʱãΣվͻԽԽ
ųɶѵķʬ壬ô߰ٲߣˡ


659 ɵΣ2
ѩҲżѵĽеҸϽ̹ٶϺĲߡ
һŽһֻû˳ķߵķ˳ȥ漴תͷٴζ˵ваٲߣˡ
Ŷ£Ĳ˼磬վ±ϣԥѡ
ۿҲԽΣҲ˲࣬ţϽ̹٣ѩǵһЩ
漴һӣɷ˵Ĳ˼Լϣٶȵߡ
һ˲䣬һ˿Ĳ˼һʹĲ˼ӵʱԵڣٲһڱԼ
ǸһֱȴֻδỹˣֲӵʱԼ䳰ȷȴ˵ס
վ±ϣѣߣҪֱ
Ĳ˼ȴĶߣ˵ڻ
һҲû˵ڣԽԽѣǶ𣬻ѾʬҪŵششԵ˼ɣ¼̾ͻᱻ˺䣬Ҫ˿ԥĻẦԼڼƴֵ־ɺѩˡ
ԣһ֮£ԥҲûУһץԼǰеסˡ
ʱҲֻǻе§Ĳӣ漴öӽԼĲ˼һ
֮ץסӣеϽ̹٣ѩˡ
˵ţӣԼٶ¡
־ɸѩһ赲ŷϣһһغˣÿһǰһѷϵʬ塣
ÿһԴԴӿķϣҲԽԽ࣬Ĳ˼֮󲻵ʱ䣬ѩ־˱޿ˣֻӣ¡
ЩϷŹѩˣ֮ϣǺ޼ɵƾȥ־ɺѩˣʹ־ɸѩ˲òһмܣһ»䡣
ڲʱ־ɸѩ˵½һ߶֮ʣȵ׶Ȼһŵߵķϴңö϶ŵֱһͷײ±ɽ漴Ʈ֮С
ѩ־˽֮һĵطҲûзϵţֻǹȵԽԽǿѩ־Ҳҡβѡ
ò׸˻ϣѩŷ֣ǰˣȫſڵϡ̫ң۾򿪣Բע⣬ͻ˴öᡣ
ǿķƣֲõҲ޷ֻĵطԲǿԾĵط
Ĳ˼磬ѯһ£õѾȫ֮̾ôҾܵӵһ磬ٶſǰ
ʱ򣬿紵ķ򣬾شĺطȻХѣȴоֲ֪Ҳ˵û׼ĵطΨһ·ſǰߡ
ֻ˼ţſǰҲ֪˶ãֱһֶƣ֮ʣƲŽļС
ƫƫһСҲ֪ô£ٴλͷʱŷˡǸˣоӡ
̸־ɵ˵ôҾͽҸԱܷĵطϢһ£úõչĲ˼磬ԼһȥӸǸˡ
ѩϣһҪһ˵һҲиӦ
ֻҲϴӦôãӦ͹شҲ˵Ѿӳ죬ٻعͷȥһһĻͷ·Ͽֺαضһˣ
ֻǲȰ˵ѩǲϣ֮£ֻôӦʱԼһӻͷǾͶһϣ
ôӽѩԼϵһúڰ֮ٴɢ
˳ʱٶȻȻľͿ࣬һߣʱ컯۾Ĵ۲죬ϣͼӸǸ˵Ϣڡ
ֻѩ˼һ·̣ûӸǸ˵ӰһԽԽǳء
ѩ˶ǷϲѵʱȴԼԼ߲Զĵطڴǳ⣬ϸ֮£ȻǼһ
Ǹߵõ˶ӣҺñӷֻ֣ӽһȴȥ˵Ӱֶ˾ҪҸطȱܱܷ磬ȵߡ
ȴǲϣΣҪô͸Ͻߣ׷ǣгԵģ˵ˣһͣ㲻ᱻҲԻᱻ
ԣǸҪͣӾʹǳ⡣
ҲҺһٺǳ⣬ѩѭ˹
ӻЩ䣬ҪĹͷһϲӣһΣǺ⡣
û뵽һΣûгӣӴ˼䣬ϾӵӣҲΪҪһѡ
΢ͣ˼ӣ㽫ϵĴȡĸ˰һͲٵ;ٴɢ
˷Ŵż˻ͷС
ֻǴҵĲ˼硢־ɵ˾ۼǴܷĵط۵ÿ쵹ȥˣӸǸˣǱѩӸϳġ
ҹһȺ޷Ůףǽؼһţ໥ȡůͣϢľ硣
һҹ޻ڶһ磬ɣǰ·ȴ࣬һȺֻǿ˵ٴζС
ʱ֣ߵ¾ڣǰҲûпߵ·ˣΪȵ׳һɵǣäĿĶǰУȻ˳ߵġ
Ҫǰߣ͵µˮ棬ֻˮȻҲ󣬵¶ףЩ̹ǣΪڹȵףٽӴ¡
ʱҲ·ˣӣҲشµʱõˣҪ£ֻһ˻õڸģʮˣȥҳ·Ҳ̫ʵ
ο־ɸ½˼ʱϲȻ󲻼֮ضǳڣԣ̱㽨ңºӣ˳źߡ
һΣô࣬Ǹٴóÿ˶˩ϣʮ˱һһ㣬ʡٴɢ
µӵһǰ棬Ĳ˼ɿԶԶأһǰһ໥һչš
ˮʱǳʱǳʱҲûţʱе˶ֻߣһȺ˵У˶Ӿѩ־ɵˣǾѵĸ֣ԣнٶȣ
ֻˮ£óѩ֮⣬˶ĸСʱ֮󣬻ľ
һСʱʱ򣬱㿪ʼܲˣƫƫʱߣͬӱĵطҲ͸˵ϰϢԣһȺҲֻҧš
ѩ϶б±׻壬ĺˮ˻ûʲô˺Ҳѩˣ֧ǰζĶȥ
ѩһǰζһҪ취ҸطôҺúõϢһʱ䣬ָһµʱ򣬺ͻȻ֮ļ
һʱ֮䣬һˣļĺˮƶţķǰ
ļĺˣһβĶѨ漴Ȼ£Ҳһ̣ŷ֣ճһٲ䵽һԲε̶档
ѩǺ˺üڱĺˮֻǵѩŽ˴̶ߣһһĿسˮŷ֣طԭԼĵط
Ĳ˼ѹһܣҲĬȻ
طȻϴθһսǸɽߵǸɽ꣬˳ź߽һ·̣Ǹˡ
ҲǾɵΣ
ֻϴʱĲ˼һǻ飬ЯһΣ֮ȴǸһԽĺ蹵
ɵΣεȴǴһԣĲ˼ԽԽѹˮҲֹסֱ


660 ػɽ
ڶʱ֣һȺ˵ǵĴӣֻǰΣʵ̲ס̾Ϣ
ԭͰĴӣѾȥһ룬Ҳʮ䷿ݣü仹ǻưܲȫһովսƽٵľ
˻żе˶ӭ˳л˵ĺӡԼ½һ˵ֵС
־ɫĿźӣԼʱׯٳ̶ûôأԼ߼죬ô͵ز
ӸСǱ־ȥ׷֮ĵڶ죬һûٵˣһǿһ
ǵĿģҪѾǰƷ䡪һʱ䣬䣬Ʒкܴ仯ֵɫ䣬˵ÿһļֵߴǧ
һŭѣߴǧı䣬̵ģ⵨Ϊʲôȥʯȥ
־˵ʯرصģЩˣҲֻ󡣡
ˡע⵽־һȥģкüûȴֶ˼ף̲סʵǡɽèأС֣أûܻ
־ص̾һһ׷ۡԼȥ߸ˣģҲֻĸɽèڡۡ½ֵܣȴΪޡ
ۡǱˣǻ²ˡۡһ£ϧɽèûܻŻ
־̾Ϣһû˵ȥӵ֪־̾ϢԭɽèڣͲз²
һ˹־ɸ½˰ֵܣܼʮĸˣθۡսڣŵģҲֻʣˣ˻ˣѾʧ룬ҪɽèڵĻ۷²ˡۡ£ɽèһʱͻǣΪȥֵܱ𣬿ϧɽèѾˡ
ȻǵǵĴӣĬȴû뿪Ϊû뿪ˣʹǸսӣһȺ˻ϣæԵȥȣȥ꺮ůĬûߡ
ȻʱʱĶϴ٣ӣȴɱǱߵҪ˺ܶࡣ
ʱвĬϵİְǣͣԹ֮󣬸˹˸˸˸𡪡ȻҶѾĿĵأҲһԸʱ磬ǻûȥ
ߣ˲ٵĶ·ǳ
Щֵ̿Ĭ˹ҪҲߣϾĬ⣬ʼһǻԣҪߡ
ĬС㣬˵Ҫ㰲ȫشˣϣһҪס֮Լٳһκ⣬һˣ˵Ļ
ɫЩ˵
Ĭʹĵ˵ͷһҲϾ˺üһ̶ɲˮĬʼûܿĵϸĬ˵µ˵ԣĬҲմ٣ûȫ֪ĵϸ֮ǰҪ԰Ļȥ
Ĭ֮־ɵ˶ɫЩҲ֪Щʲô
Ǽһ֪ĬϵŪһʵڸ˵òˣӲק½ˣȥ䵯ҩԴǵ˵ҪװԼԼ
Ϊﵢһʱ䣬ҪٴϮҲֿտգ޻֮Լܴ
ȥӵ˴֣һȥӱߣϴθĲ˼Ϸˮĵط
Ь࣬˫ţµ˳ǳǳɳ̲һתǴεٴδԺûɵķ
֪䣬ԼĲ˼粢ĵطĿŻĺˮϸϸƷλеɬ
ˣ۾ҲЩᣬɵڵϣ˫Դ۾һһǰľ
֪˶ãߴһ͵͵ǳЦѩ
ӣ˵㶫磬ϴξĲ˽ģѩǵ͵͵ĸ˵ƺ´ŵ˯
ô㻹ţǰ׿ڸ˵ģ鲻˵ѵġظ˵
šѩЦ˵飬ҿ϶ţֲĲ඼ϴ棬ҾͺЩ֣ӣ˵㶮ϲɵ𣿻УĲΪˣҲӦɣ˵ȻǶ˽ȴͻȻ֮䷴ˡ
Ӳ˵⻹ΪĲҵ˱ֻ֪ʸȨ̰СигϵߺߡһֱѵѵɾŲá
ԡѩҡͷ˵ǿĶֻǱĶɣ죬ʹĲˣʵϵĶĲԲϸ˵
˶٣ѩ˵Ҿ˹ˣô飬㶫ˣûȥףûգǸԸȥ
һѩ⻰ͻȻ֮䲦һҡ
Ĳ˼类Ƹ飬ȷǲĸԴֻĲ۾ҪͭǼ¿ĵƤԼ˵ĲҪƾȹϵ;
ƾĲͭ޳ҵʵ¼¿ĵƤӦСһǸòȥЩаģĲ۾Ҫ;Ĳ۾õķ϶Ҳòһ֡
ΪԼӣܣԼװģĲ˼粻ǲ֪Ĳ˼֪Ĳ۾ȻҲ֪ܲ
ĲȱǮô𰸿϶Ƿ񶨵ģ죬Ĳ۾ȥĲҶʮĲҵأЩҵһ٣һȱǮļ󶼿
˵Ĳ۾Ĳ˼޸϶Ϊ뾭þ
ǣȻΪǮƾʲôͷǵҪгϵ
ĲҵЩٶ̫ˣ
Խ룬ԽЩԼʵ̫嶯ͬѩ˵ֻǿıûȥʵʸԴ
һڣϱҪȥĲ˼ʸֻʱѩָ˵ӣ𼤶ҲûãĿǰΣȥĲ㣬Ҳǰ״һ˵ģпĲġ
ѩô˵Ҳûеӻس֮Ĳ˼ԼľңԶһЩĹϵܡ
仰˵ԵĲ˼ڿǿԼӽĿ޷ҪһЩôԱﵽҪﵽĿġ
ھȥĲ˼磬ͽĲ˼ķ֮⣬пܻƻĲ˼ļƻ
Լ嶯һΣѾǳصĺҪȥ嶯һεĻľͻĲ˼
ȴյҲУҲãҪĿϴɩӣȻһɩӡػɣ˺֮⣬ǲǻ൱һֵ˽ģֻڿϴڵ³
ſڿӡ˵˵ˣѩȻҲƽϣᡱûĺǳӣ˵ʲôأС𣿡
ѩЦЦ˵û˯ţ񡭡һΪ˯أǰɣҲӦϢһ¡
ȴû˵¸˵
ӳһ£ջǹԹԵߵǰ


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ӣҪȻȥȥŪĲҵ׷ʲô飬һͶ˵
ӱΪ˵ʲô飬û뵽һڣȻҪԼ·̲ˡ
磬ǷǳʱڣҲƲ¶һˣ硭
ҽȥȥû˵
ȥӵ̬ȼҸĲұͲ죬˵Ѽ鱨֮飬ܹ˵˵ߡ߻ҪĴ¸һ־ˡ
ҳɣĿֻһߣ
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ȥ
վݺݵĶӣȥǲȥ
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ҸСһУ÷ȫжĻѣжĻʳѡ
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ʵҵ㶼Ӧ
˿ѩѵ飬ʵˣн𣬲СǱߣȥǲȥԼ̸
ԼֵܣҲãɷвҲãҲ⣬ѩȴͬûҪѩһҪôȥԣֻܻ߸ӣԼȴ
ɩӡ۰Ͱ͵ĿѩͲѩҪӦźãҪȻԼѩˣһ͵ù
ѩüͷ˰Σ˵֪鼤飬ΪӦôӳ飬ٿǿǡ
ٿȥ͸ýˡƵ˵Ūô£Ҫóһʱ䣬ʱ䣬ǲԤ⣬ܵȵ𡣡
ҲҪ̫żɣҴӦ㣬ϵһ磬Ҫһ벻һȫ֮ߣҾ͸ӻȥ
ﵹǰͲӸѩ̾ͻصͭǣֻ̽ɫ˵ҶǸովǧŴӻټҲҪϢС
ðɣԸ뵽һõİ취޿κεҡͷ˵
һϵʱ䣬һȫ֮ߣָˣһ㣬ӵ֪֮һҪߣȴԼĿûȥһۣӺЩġ
£ΣҲҪһȥһۡ
֪ӵƢ鶼˵ΨǮ飬ȥһֻۣӾ̤Ϲ̣ҲǣҶǵģӵҪֻˬˬȴӦ̾͸һ𣬹ȥǴ
ʱѩǵ绰ٴѩֻͨ˵һ䣬̱㽫ǵ绰ݸ
СԲˣʲôλã绰ģǼҿ
΢һ±ϴҸľγȶϷʮҵĵطˣϸ磬ҵǸԱûɣ
ǼҿЩǸȻ˵׼֮Ҫ֪ͨ㣬˭֪ȴʧȥϵ֪б䣬ԾûɣǺǡԲˡ
һϲǼҿûԭƻ£µء
£Ǽҿ˵ûϵҵļƻЩı䣬ô˵ɣһͶĻԭƻеǸͶ֮⣬ڵλãǺǣϸ磬ô
ǼҿĴЦֻǽһϸ硯ҵȷ󷽱㣬Ҫܽһ˸硯һ飬ҲҪȥˣ
һ죬⡮˸硯֣ȴҲвڣǼҿÿЦĿô˵һֻΪˡݣȴ¶š
һ˸硯ڼǰ߾һСʱ֮ǰǼҿҪô˵û׼̾ͻˬˬĽгڣոմѩ֪Ĳ˼֮仹飬Ը⿪ŵġ˸硱
٣ûŪĲ˼ԼĲҵ׷ʲô֮ǰ׾ٵľôˡ
Ƭ̣˵ǾͶлϸˣлĻȾơ
ǱߵǼҿԵЩʧȻЦǺǵĴãҿɾ͵پƣˣһλһϲҪ͸㣬ʲôʱ֪ˡ
оϲЩĪʵһͿͶʣʲôϲ
ֻҪʵʱǼҿȴߡ
һ·ϣЦ˵磬Сǵ绰ǺãҲϵǺǣ磬ҪȻ´Ҳװ
һһû˵ǲңն豸Ҳ󣬵Ҫר߼ͨ绰һصģҲֻøһȥ˯ˡ
רüǵ绰ȷǮ浱ͨ绰һأҲδؾͻȥ˯ֻ֣һϽ˵ǻˣȻʹҸԸȥ˯֡
ѩ͡һЦ˳
ΪεԵʺΪ˷䣬ͶһЩ͵Ľ豸ԭʯĳӾһ׵ĵط
ԴС͵ͷˮȴǸɽϵȪˮȻªʩ걸
İְ־е񣬲ӲɿʯеԱһܹҲʮˣ͸ûֳɽƵˣеģҲ߸ɵʱѲ߶ӡ
ӵˣվڵǸǹ񣬸Ͻ֪ͨµİְ֣İְָϽЦӭ˳
éݸǶĳŷ֣νĳҲ͸éݣұһЩͰһ̨мӺߵ棬ȴ̨ͽʯֻ߰˿ԭʯм鶼ѾʿǼʿԭʯһ׵Ķ֮⣬ĶֻǷϡ
ǿ׵Ķԭʯһ£䣬ˣ˵ҲֻܵɷӵҪȻĻѡ
İְ̾һ˵ϧǰ쵹г۵ɫ䣬ϧ
ֵǧ䱻٣ӵһ֪˵ģʱİְٴ˵飬Ҳֻô壬䶪˾Ͷˣû£ֻҪû£ʲôǿ
ӿһתȴЩֵʵЩײУɱ˷ŻʲôɣЩ֣ˣôûѳӸһѻյ
û˵ΪЩ˶һɵ˳ӺͿԼ
ŵ˵ͷ˵ԭˣ
İְҲ̾һ˵ϰ˵ĲÿһЩ˹඼ֻ߳ƷͰƷ䣬û˵ֿҲԸɱ
˲ɱˣǵȻǲܣ֮ԲԸɱ䣬⵱Ȼ˵ľ֮Щûûҹҳ䣬ȻǾֱߣҲ͵ЩǵūҲԼĲƸ
ûзĻȻװ˷ԼĲƸ
Ц˵ãڡۡѾҲûв
İְȴҡͷ˵ǰۡڵʱеҲͱۡϽҲֻСۡΪ׵һ֧ˣڡۡһ
ôӶڵϣһȥûʿԭʯһ̲סʵ
ô˵ɣ֪ھۼһˣ˵Ҳ߰˹ɣʮˣٵҲʮˣû֮ǰ⼸˶ǡۡͳŵģˣЩҲ͸Ϊ
İְص̾һ˵ԭҲֻʮһΣڣͷģһϮⶼսġǰûô࡭
İְֲס̾ϢѩҲͷزѡ
ֻһûûΣڵһСԭʯǰİְ˵壬ԭʯɶ


662 ɶõ˲
ӱԭʯİְ֣ʵӣǡ
ӺǺǵЦҲûʲôүǿ󳡵ϼԱ϶ǾḻǺǣҾһ£һЩ飬ǺǣҲ÷ḻһԺ
һ˼Ȼ֪һжԣϴŦԼͰ˹ӵĴ˸⣬˵ʯȻӷСͶԸ
ֻǶʯĵĲֻۺʽͼҪûԼ컯۾ƾŵģȫ
ûȥĹʯ֪ʯеգΪԼֻҪḻġү̣ܵõ洫ԺԾͿԺеĶʯ֮䡣
ߺߣӣ˵㡭˵ԭʯһеŵó󣬾ܵõ洫ߺߣҶ԰ѻҪѧЩ飬ȥʯʲôģҪô׷ſҪôȥ˯ֵ׼
硭˵ûôذɣҲҪѧԭʯƤɫı¶ѣôô
û˵ĺѧԭǻ£ѡѧϰԭʯƤɫЩѧʣñȥʣⶫһմϣͻ񫣬ĻẦ˵ġ
Ӽһֹת˼תЦ˵úúã磬˵մҾͲȥմܿ˰ɣٺ٣⻰˵ôҲԼҵĲƷԼҵĲƷôģҾ˽˽衢ճ򣬸ûûʲô°ɣ
ôһ˵һʱ֮䵱ҲҲɣԼԭǸӹ⴦״ģ
һԵİְ֣Ӧʣ²Ž˵
Ϊ̫СԭʯĲߣߵ飬ԼϵļԭʯѾȥ˽ʱ䣬˵ɱʵǰЩ
⴦Ҳûбʯʵصģеƫϼ䣬⼸֮䣬Ҳͽô飬˵ֻҪܳ䣬ҵóһеƷʵ䣬Ͻ⿪ǿ׶֣ͬҲֻռСֵı
õһ飬ܲܳ䣬İְֲ֪ǴƤӦиߵĲƷˡ
Ӽûȥİְ˵ЩʲôֻǽŵԭʯȥϸӲļסԭʯһЩԭʯŵм̨ʯϣЦеҪĽԭʯġա
Ȼ˼ʯͷΪĳͲԭʯҲúܣҲȥʲôƤɫֻǽԭʯ̶̨ϣȻԭʯıԵִʼµ
ʯȻ˷ѵͣԭʯϡٵ˵ȴʧΪһ׵İ취
һ̵ܳԭʯһȥֱ𻵵һ飬˵ǶǾ޴ʧһЩͣǷԽܡ
ΪĽʯС͵ģȻȲڳʯùЩͻеСԭʯһȥҲӣܵǫ̃СʯֻҪиһ˵ҲðСʱҡ
Ŵ̶ľԭʯĦ̲סקѩ˳ҪҴ΢徲һĵطܱӡ
һʮ׿ʮ׳ƽأפسڿ﹤˿ѳ˼԰ӣ⣬һ涸ֱɽš
ԭʯʣµķϣСƳӲ԰мС·Ƶ£ֱ㵹ڶϡ
ѩ˼粢ģվС·ͷŽççԭ
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ЦЦҡҡͷ˵ֻһԭʯǼǼʮϰǧĽǮͲƸʵϣÿһԭʯȱҪĻ֮⣬תֳ޴֮ڡ
˵ԭʯģҲͼǮһ֣ȷǼǮһ֣ǾôǮһֵԭʯתֳ֮󣬱ڵϵʱһԭʯļ۸񣬾ǵǼʮ򼸰ǧһĶˡ
Ҳѹô룬ֻǻ˵һıˣǴӣ⣬Լȥ·ĻܸļǮֻǸĸ٣ؼǣһ飬֪Ļӣӣ̾ͻ֮֡
ѩЦô˵вǣ
ЦЦȻòвˣûͳĻڣԼóȥҲ˸߼ۣǰձ˸ļǮ߳ٷֵ㣬Ȱȫʵݵ飬Ǿ͵ȻûҪԵˡ
ǡǮ񡭡ѩЦ˵
ҡͷЦһ£˵ΪΪ
ѩЦòָһЦһ˵ᣡֻǵɵģû뵽ھȻˣ񡭡ɱ˵ǳ˰ѼǮñȱ𴦸ߵ֮⣬ûķʩ
ЦҲ˵һǷ˼ԵⳡӾͻ䵽ȥˣʱܵõģ±ʧȥҪö࣬Ͼû˻Ҹشһ𡭡
֪ˣ֪ˣǼȻð󳡣϶ȰѸָĴʩ˵ģ԰ɣѩЦ˵
ԾɿЦ˵Щӣóشˣ֪ͨҵġ
˵ѩعͷӹһ˿ǣشô
һĿЦþõϣҲûĨȥ˰Σ̾һ˵شôҲ˵ǱϾһֻ࣬˵Һ
ѩϵЦҲã˵ǼһǾǣٳϵκ̵Ľ
ǻᷭһ˵
ѩֻһ˫۾ӹǰɭ֣޾ɭǱߵĶ
ѩ˵ҲĬ
ʱӳǵһѾˡ
ߵߣӲһɥ˵ˡˣ磬Ҿ벻ףͶôǮô͡͡
ЦЦ˵ûг̣԰ɣ
޿κεҡҡͷ飬ûһ̣
գۼ䣬ӾȻֻһЦ˵磬ǿ۽ˣ֪ҿǿģʲôʲôã
ǰӱǿСԭʯһڳǱ߽ǡİɳƤļʱͲرĸߣ˵ϿǣҲ΢΢ĻᣬôСĿǾͲ˵ˡ
ںеһʲôƤɫûҲͲ֪ˡ
ɷŪ˵Ӧһҵ֮вɶõ˲ţٺ١
Ŵţֲý˰Ц
ôôأӺǲ磬⻰˵ģģô˵ɣǵһ飬ûг̣̾ϳһʯͷҲ̣ܳôţȻû̡
˶٣ֽ˵ѡһ飬˵Ҫҵұ۾һ飬ǣһȥôš
ӹⲻѻ˵֪꣬һڵθڡ
ʱЩ˵θڣµĿӣҲȥǸôš
ѩ̲סϵʵˣ
һĴȣѽǶܲ´ǡǷˣǰɣû̡
ҵвɶõ˲ţ̲סһ䡣


663 ļ
ȴȻ˵Ҿ֪˿ˣߺߣ˵ɣר̵ģ߰˿ʯͷĿΪ̵ģ鵱ụ̂ǲ׼ȷǲǺܸˡ
һרȥ̵ģ
ճ˵뷨ԴǮͲƸԭʯӦõһʱҪһԼģ˭ȥ룬һ鲻䣬һҲܳ䡣
רϲ飬µҲֻһó
ѩȴЦ˵ӣѡ׼ȷʵҲ㲻ʲô
ӺٺٵЦҲûӵ飬Ҳô飬ұϵĻᣬҲֻЩ
һָŲԶĿЦ˵Ļ࣬Ҫ㵽ȥԡ
ӻͲаˣٺٵЦҪȥ֤һҵּٺ٣ߡߡ
ӳҲͼʮԶֻ⼸ʮ·Ҳֻһ׶պݵһƳ
ʱ˱㵽˿ſڡ
ſͬиǹĴһͤé棬һ̨С͵ķΪṩԴ֧ǹ˸ļ˱֮⣬ϾҲû;
⼸µĿɣ⴦ѾͬҤúһ㣬ʮһҤ
ſڵϵ֪ϰˣ´˸кҪ˽ģֻЦЦ棬Ͳָ࣬ӣǲҪְصĺá
ʱһƳˣһϳ⴦˽˼䣬˽
Ȼֻʮĵƾߣͷϵһ·ϻǲϵĶ˶Сġ
ʮ׵ľ룬գ֮͵˾ͷ
ͷˣڵϸѡʯ飬Ƴװϣȴʮָ䣬һһţӵˣվ˸к
һһĻȴظŸʵͷҪ㵽ըҩҲʲô£ôһһڣЧ̫ˣ
˻û𻰣ѩһЦɵǹİǴҲըҩģҪ˵ըҩըὫը٣ֻըһѷ죬Ҳǵòʧ
һʮָģҲЦ˵󣬱Ȳ󣬵ȷǲըҩҪȻҲûߡ
ô˵ӺٺɵЦţȥŵһһʯͷ
ϸؿһϵһʯͷʯ棬ҲֻԭʯһɫϢȫǷϣɫϢԭʯϢҲǵ΢䣬ʵ㲻øߡ
һǸʮָԱһ׶ϣһŨ˲ٵɫϢϢɫһͷ·оһ˿ˬ⣬о
ĵطȻмҲϢһϢŨȻǼֵ顣
Ϣʮָǰλǿ·򣬹ƾҪɫϢԭʯڳҲúü֮
ʱڵϰһҳʯͷһߣȻѡԭʯˣλ壬ûо⼸ʯͷʲôر֮𣿡
⼸ʯͷԭѡģȻ;Ӧûлġ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ô⼸ʯͷ䣡
᲻䣬⵹ֻнЩԭʯ͵ϰǱߵĳ棬УŻյóۡ
ֻʱĽۣԵĲˡ
ѩЦӣô˵ʣһѣǾǻˣ
ӺٺٵЦȻȫȷ룬ѡ⼸鲻䣬һȫаյġ
һԿ˿ѡǼԭʯǣļʵȷǺܴ󣬵ƫƫ飬ѡһ롣
̲סЩЦԭʯܲܽ䣬ԭûӶ϶ǰһĴΣȴѡ鲻ܳģ֮⣬ԭȴ⴦ԭʯ̫£ҪѡûģȻҲͱѡд׶ˣѡеļȻҲ˲١
ԭʾͲǺܸߵĿҪΪһ仰Ͱװ˷䣬ѡԭʯλ壬ȴġ
ǳĻСҲֻСûУҪһһϣŪԭʯӣ񲻳˺˺
ԣôһ˵Цӣȷѡľһ䣿
ٴΰȻ˵ٺ٣磬Ҳ˵⼸ԭʯ٣Ҳаٷ֮ʮİա
һ£Ӱһԭʯֻʮ飬߳ҼĻպܳģ⵹
ĪһﵱҲпóԭʯֻԭʯ￴óԭʯ
Щˡ
磬ҪǶһѣӼٺٵЦ˵
Ƕģû˵
ǵȻˣ磬ģҲ̫ңҪӮ˵ĻȥԺ¥һ٣ôʮ㡣
ֻǶһٿͣǺӻаնĵùԼûҪԼˣֻôء
Ҫأһ½һŨɫϢһ˿Ц⣬ʵ
ôأҿؼģӮˣǺǣ磬͸ʹ컰ĻǲģӼֺЦ
ãҸģҪˣ͵ðڰСʱһСʱôЦе˵
ֵ漴ЦңЦúǼթ
磬ѡʮʯͷõǱȥǰ˵ģֻҪ߿ǽⲻģӮɣһ˵һ߰Ƴ˽˹װԭʯ
ͻȻ֮ʶԼһ
һ϶Ǵİְ֪ļʣ¶İְǱ߽ʯͷȻ֪˵һҶ֪ĳʲߣ£ҪѰûģȻѰģҪ׵öˡ
Ҫ׳ܣͲô֮õǸ֮̾ͱŷӸ˸ס
һ뵽̲סȻʧЦӣȻԼĻ
ѩһҲЦеĿһͿӵСϷˣʱ򣬵²Ҫһر
һӣ˵ӣ˵˵ǲġ
ӺǺǵһЦװģ˵ʲô˵ʲôôû
קӣһʱպվԼ׼һԭʯ棬ǿԭʯ󣬱һȣ̾͹ѡõһԭʯ棬ǡǸƳתΪһҲѡõģֱӾͱŽƳ
ӣ㻹װɵǲǡһ˵һ߳׼ᣬٴβ֪Ľһԭʯ߽ѡõһ档


664 Բٵ
ӽʮԭʯһһп֮Ų˼Ŀ岻˵õֻ߳ҵĳôԼʮ飬ôͳ飬ȻʵضãǱϾҲǴ䰡
һЦ⣬һʮָȻѩʱ
Ըķ䣬Ҳ˿棬Բ˰ӣһСʱ
ǿ鷢ŨɫϢԭʯڿҲӴһСʱֱ󣬲Ӱǿԭʯڳ
ԭʯͷСһмԲģͷСļ״ӵ۹һǣֻϸ΢֮ȴǷֱ治
ҲýͣӸһСʱŸ˴ǿԭʯ˿󶴡
˳İְֽ˵Լֻ˳ִģİְȰԭʯ
İְִӦ̾ͽʯͷ͵ʯ̨ϣ׼Уֻԭʯ˵ѾǺܴˣֻǴСͷʼУҪһҲýСʱ
Ҳٵȥ˼ӣѩһͷȥӡ
Ϊ˻ֲ֪˭ϾһҪΪҿͶһЩԮʵ飬͸¶˳ȥ˻ϲصİһᣬֻ֮󣬾ϾС
ſյѸ߸ߵ˾֪ᣬȻǴpartyɽᣬȻҲǶɫġ
һȴǸӹھͿʼ׼ĸʳȻһʱ棬涼ϵ˵ţطӵҲԵø㰲ݵöˣ٣׼ϵʳ㡢ȵʳԼָĹϹ
˷ܲѣļ뵽׼ʳһȺм䣬Ҫ¶һտա
ѩȴڲƵĴŲУ֪䵽˲Ĭϵſڣû뵽־ſڰŪǹ֧
ѩˣ־ЦЦ˸к
΢˼䣬֪֪ͨ˵Ҫ־ɵҲһʱ䣬Ȼ־ǵҪΪάӵİȫԼܵϮ
ʣѾʼְţĻͻ￪ʼ͡
˵һܺõϢ
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ѩӭȥһĲ㡱ʺǵΡ
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Ĳ˼翴ó½ֵܣΪܵˣ԰ˣ˵ȶԸȥƣҪ᲻뿪顣
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˿Ĳ˼磬ЩΪѵŬŬ죬ʾѩȻĲ˼϶ҲڣʱȥٻЩεġ
ѩȴЩԥ±Ĳ˼
ŷ֣̣ͨ˺ţ֪һ׹ӣ˿֣ģڸһӵ˺顣
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ӼһĽ½˵־ĽҪ˵ۡʲôǶûۡǹ̶·һʵĸоҲûУһԶǱδ֪ô̼
ЦЦô˵ǶѾľһһʱ̶ѰһЩ֮Ķ
ԼǰƸһ㣬ӵĲƸ֮ҪģǲƸ֮Ķ
Ҳ֪ǲһҳԽӺĽǳԽԼ˶Ŀ־ǵ
̸ЦЩãժʳָ۾ӣ˵СǲЩԱҪúõϢô޼ɵĸ̸ۣӶӰأ
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½ǺǡĵЦʹ˸ɫʾӱ˵ȥ˼Ĳ˼硣
ҲεЦЦϽת˻⣬漴˸ᣬԼڹעһЩ
ӵˣθӵȴѾȡ˵ģֻǼ򵥵ظһЩܣúӵܸĻָѡ
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һȴЩգֲֻ̫Σɴˣ̲סЩԥ
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ҪǱˣ˵ŪΣŪ½ҲʲôǣҪֵĶ󣬱ϾԼֵܣ½ԥŲ϶֡
һЦֻ˵½һԸֵܺ˵˵עͺãʣµģԼһְͳɡ
׵Ĳ˼ȥҪߣĲ˼΢һ֮һθ˵
ҪѪѪùˣо񾭵⣬ֲҩаգ
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½ֵ˵ǴһӺȵһΣһ֮ŵζ̾ͻȥԣ½ֵܺξƲմ
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ңһ԰æĲ˼硢ѩ½ȵȶܾȵǣӣȻֱȥӵģΪû󴴿ڣֵѪ١
Щ˶֪ǣǼ鱻ӵѵĹͷȡӵָ֮һһĸƴ˻ȥңʹ֮Ϊٵմһ𣬲Ѹٵָ½ֵϵˣֻһ˶ѡ
ȡ˵ͷسһϵĺˮȴһһֱʣм
ѩʹѣϽԱ£ǰŲˮǵݲʲô˸ֺ
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ֻȴЩΪȻĲ˼ҲüΰȡͷȴûĲ˼ô԰ڹ
ȥƽϣ˳ֿһ˺ţ˺Ż϶Ѿûʲô󰭣ȻҲȥ֡
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˰ΣǿһЦһֱռôֻһЭ㡭
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˵꣬Ĳ˼ޣһ߿ޣһתͷ˳ȥ
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תͷѾɽϵգ˰βĬȻתͷһȥ
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ȻعͷѩյǸвУܲһ徲徲
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ֻǰһ仰ʹ־һʫҲʹ־һ䡰鲻ˡڹȰǳͷƲѡ
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οһĪСԶԶر˷ܵĴпˣϰ塭ϰ塭
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ЩߣȴֺΣԭҪ͸ĪһС׽û뵽ĸȴȥˡ
˰ΣĪС˵ĪԺϰˣҸ磬òá
Īԥҡҡͷ˵ϰ壬㲻ҵĸ硣
ΪʲôȻ
ҸǱըģҵĸ磬Ī˵ʦ˵˵λǲȥռõġ
ѩһĪӵ÷˰Ī˵нҪҽ㡭
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ѩ΢һ˵λҲˣҴȥ𣿡
Ī˵Ц˵ðÿĽˡ
ѩЦЦֱĪһ£˵ôͿԽˡ


666 ŵ
û죬СĪһӺŤŤ˵ҽ򡯣
ѩ̹Ȼ˵ǵȻôһӶ˸㣬ֶ˸򣬸˲ˣ
Īѩһ£漴ıĽиˣֶ˸ˡ
Ī˵ľҲȥѩҲûãɨĪȤ
ĪŹһʲôƵģܵС棬һң˺һһַߵѩǰرصĽһ˫쵽ѩǰ˵㣬͸㡭
ȥѩȥĪŵľȻ챦ʯҲ͸ͷСǺ챦ʯӨ͸Ϧ£ŵŻ棬һ̣Եرۡ
ѩһĺ챦ʯ̲סʵֵ֪ǮĶ𣿡
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Īѩ˶Ͻӣƫƫֲ֪ô˵ۿһ죬Ҫ޳
챦ʯѩ˵Ǹ㲻ʲôƫƫСĪѩ˶ǱһᣬůǺ㴼һ㡣
һʮĺӣһȥ㣬ΪֻҪһ֪챦ʯԻһ˺ܳһʱİݣȴԥľó͸ʶġ㡱
˼ҿʮĺӰ
ѩһѱסĪٴĬʵĪϣ뿪Ը𣿡
ѩ飬Īϣ˵սϣܿҲĪЩ޹ˣѩǵһκĪӴĪѩ̽סҪõһİƽĻ
ҲôĪ˵Ҳôȥңʵѩ˶㹻ȥô
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һ˵ãĪҴӦ㣬Դȥһۣڿɲɣҡҹ졭ҵӣʹȥòã
лл򣬲鶼˵ˣҲܼˡţˣǸʥʹģõĪԽ˵ԽǼ޲̾򡱴Ѿȥüµ衣
ֻһӺԭӦĪȥ裬ҲҷܣںȻ뵽ԼѩıʶһĻãҲһ衱ȴĪԸ
ԱʶãڣԶԶԼӦ֣ԼҪһʱ䣬Ҫҵõ취ĻԼŵ;
ĪȲ̾ҪȻ첻ѣҪԼڻ
ɫĪο򣬲ż˵Ҫȥ˵ˣʹҲҪѺܴľҿɲ뿴Ž̫ۡ
ѩĪ˵飬ֻ꣬ҲҲĻ֮˶ĸĪԽԽ飡
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һ˵Īıһӷḻһ˵ǰÿµĵһʵϣﶼڣڵʱʦͻŴһ裬ȻǹС͵ڣϲǹС͵ڡ
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ЦʵȻŮĽգĪôϲ
ĪϽ͵С͵ǴĽգϣõĸ㣬ǻһ׽Բء
һӦɽСʵûֻ̫°ɣֲһ˵ҪС͵ڣĪ˸߲ҡ
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ͷѾɽ꣬ĪļѣЦЦĪСʲô鶼ֲġ
£ѩĪȻȥŪԵĸĪ֮⣬Ҫúõĵܵܡ
ѩ֪ԭҪѰ徻ĪһɻҪһԣѩЦЦС͵ڿʼʱҪ
ѩĪ֮бźӰһ˳ߡ
Ĳ˼̫֮Ĺ£ͬʱãȻһţһ·̾Ϣ
֪䣬߹˸ӵ˴ܵţ£û߹ĵطֻԽǰߣĵƽͣˮҲӿˮ֮಻
ѰһЩĵطֻ˼ҲһĲ˼ľһ־һ䡰鲻ˡһҪȥĲҵ׷ʲôǴӦĪ飬ʱʱҲҪһѡ
۾úõһԼ˼ֻˮ֮ڶܹ۾յס
˰ΣԽĿˮ֮ϣȥ֮жʹһʯǿ齸ʯ߳Щӿĺˮײڽʯ֮ϣȴ಻ϵˮʱͬ䣬ʱȴͬǧ˿ʱͬ񸡿գʱȴͬǽơ֮Ǵˮǧ򻯣״ֻˮȴΣҲɷֱ档
ǴˮͻȻһ˿⡣
׼ȷ˵ںȻ֮䣬뵽һӣָĪĳŵֻǳ벻ɣ벻飬ҪһԲ֪
ϣЩȣϾԼӲǺܶ࣬ݲԼȻ뵽˷ӣǾ͵ԡ


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ǺмӿˮȻֻԼԼʡ͸ͬɴȴͬʵһ㿴ü
һűʶںϳɵʵ壬Ŷڿ棬ƮƮҡҡͬ趯Ʈʵʤա
һӿЩˣĶǼ֧ţֱһɽ磬űɴһıʶܵںϳɵʵ壬ͬˮһӰ٣Żع
ַ˺һ¾ۼܡʶٴںϵͣںϡΡ
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ĿͣĲ˼ϣ˵磬ôģ㿴СӣNɪ
ѩЦŲ⣺ӣ˵ǸͭǱҪһ׵ħĿˣܲҿ۽硣
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ǣͣ٣е˶Ϳ˺ɫͷϴ޵ëڣŸ޳ݡ°ٽķ£һͷһɽͷǵķȣʮͬϵéȹȴԭʼıǹľ׳ˣһһٵĳŻ
Īתͷ˵ʼˡʼˡ
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668 񼼣1
Īȴ˵ΪʥԴԭǸʦ
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ֻĪ۾һ볡İ飬һ߼˵ԭǸʦöˣԭǸʦԼʲô֪ҪǽǵģǸģˣȴʲôҪҲˡ
ѩЦЦͷ˵ϲ飿
Ī˵ͷش˵ȻûҵÿĺãչǣҳˣȢŮš
Īôһ˵ѩ˶ЦĪ⺢ӣͯ޼ɣ뵽ʲô˵ʲô˭ã͸˭׽ͼ˭ȴʧأȴ棬ȷϲ
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Īתͷѩ˵ÿ֪Ϊʲô裬һ㶼ÿ
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赸֮䣬𡱵ĽڶЩңÿ˶˻ߣ߾ܣÿ˶ͷ󺹡
Σ趯ıǹо̵ľ󣬡𡱵Ľսɱ֮ʱĽͳɱ
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ʱĪعͷѩ˵ˣϾǵι˵ιģǲźÿء
ѩݸһЦǰأɱȷСӲ̫ϲգѩомѹ֣ҪѩǸˣ뵽ҪĪö࣬ѩҲͿȥˡ
Ͼֹ׾赸ִȣûʲôпԣĻβһĸоɡ
ӵһһߡ̾ѣû뵽С赸þȻô鶯ٺ١ҪڹڣԼѵøʲôʲôģڻ¡
ӷ˸ۣǲǰݼڣôֻ˵𼦽񽱣䷢ģʲô񣿡
ŭԭôǺŽɼݵģҰѽ˵ɽʲôԣֻվʲôǶ˵ˡ
ӵĻһ赸ƺ׽ʲôġ
ʱĪѾõĵι죬һεĹ죬ʹԭնʱ˲١
ʮˣٴںһ𣬽ıǹͶѣȻ֣ΧܵʼתȦ衣
ʱԭŵĹһЩŮ׷վһ֣һ߶Žţûĸһһ𿿽뵽ʮм䡣


669 񼼣2
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ѩתͷ˵ӣŮǱﰮʱ䣬㲻ң
ٺ١ĸЦ˵ˣҪҰ㿸úʲôģҵеúܣȥ裬øҡ
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ӿһϣһߴеӸ磬жĵûУҲǶġ
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ĪһУЩΧ۵ˣͻȻƵģʱһ͵͵ਡ
衭
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ꡰС͵ڡһҹһˣе˶û˯һþӸ۾ֱ
һӸѩ˾ӦóͭȥĲҵ飬ֻʱڣȴ״
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ϵԱ϶˻𣬿ԱȴֻܶĴţϱ


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ſڵϣ̲סһᣬе硭ҲδΪһ˵Ҳ˼ҡ
Ĳ˼ȴеѪ
ſڵϣһ˫ֲסĴŵ棬һ˻еҲҲ硭ҵģҲδ򡭡
ſڵϣþòĲ˼è˵ߣȳʲôҵģԱԱҵԱκʲôۡ
Ѿˡ۾תͷĲ˼磬˵
Ĳ˼޺޵ĴһŭҪҲȥ̾ͱ㡭
ȰգĲ˼ҲȥԸһɢҵȥѪ
ֻƬ̣ȴֽеļֻѪȴ֪ʲôʱըϡãûһѪҺġ
Ĳ˼ĿϡõѪ˺ðΣŴеӡ׼Ѫ
־ҲǱ߽еӣӣ£˸ߡ
ռһЩڵεˣȻһʱ޷ǰȥȵԮ־ɵ˵جΡ
־ɲҵ󣬴ȥһЩڵϵɾһֹ˽˵ҲȡʱôЩ֯Чķ⣬ҲЩף԰ȫĳˡ


672 ǿԮ
־ܴߵģҲֻлӡ½½û˵ǸֵܣͳҲֻĸˡ
ôĸˣҪһεʮüռݵڵ㣬ûо׼ڻڼпܱս鲻Щ䣬֮£ҪȡЩڵ㣬ѳ̶ȿ֪
˵ҪѪû˵ֱ˹һߣӣ¶첲еɡ
ѩȴĲ˼磬˵Ĳ㣬Ǳ뿪ҸӰȫĵط
Ĳ˼΢Ƭ̣һɢҵм䣬ǳ֦ǹһ֦Լһ֦ԱԴſڵϵȵҪˣϡ
ʱҪߣҲֻӺɽ򣬵ǽɽ·ȴ˵ֱڵ֮£־Щ㣬ȥҲ˵Ļӡ
Ĳ˼ǹŸո̽ͷȥͱ˷֣̾һӵ
ѩ״ԺӽеӴ磬Ҫȥܲ취
Ӹ½Ǹ˵ֵӦһתǹڣڵʵʩѹƣֻǲſṉ̀ѹƵ̧ͷ
ƫƫʱ򣬲Ĭϵð̣ﱧһѪģĪճմĴ˳
ѩһһĶһӳ˵ףĪըˣըÿΣ
Ĳ˼翴ŲĬϵˮһӿ˳
ĿŲĬϵһһϣȴ˵
ȴèţſ¡ſ¡
ֻǲĬϵۿնĿŴ⣬ӵĺгţͲӵӶû˻һ㣬Īһǰߡ
ҪȥĬϵȫĵطûü˹ȥĬϵͻȻըһɹɵѪ
ĬϵȴʼѪģĪۿնĿǰ棬ͻȻڵأȴɽıѪģĪ
ֻһգ֮飬ѩĲ˼ĸ˿ȴ·һͣһɲ֮䣬ѩֻãҲŲĬϵĪһ𣬷Ūճһĺڰ
֪˶ãѩĲ˼˲ܻععǹѾʼϡ
־ֻ˻ӡ½˻½Ǹֵûܻ½ǸֵЩԩڰγһռݵĽڵʱ򣬱䣬ףǸڵһը
սֹͣģȴ־ɵˣͻȻбɱһ
࣬ս־Ǽ޼ǹӲɱ˳һֲʱʰüռڵˡ
־ɵ˸ǻ֮һʣ֪ȻĬģ־ûж˵ϣʱ㽫ǻ˸ϳ˴ӡ
־Ҫȥ׷ǹˣĬֹ־ɣĬ˵֪Χкü˶ڶȥ׷˵Ļ˻롣
־룬Ҳ׷˵ͷ˻־ȴûĬ˸Ž壬ǸһҪŴߵҪ˶࣡
ĬҲûоֻܾ־ɻȻǴ˹ģĲΪӣģңҪ
־ɵûĬҲδϾĬһȺˣҲǺöԸģһ֪һŻըˣĬҪиʲôԼ߿ֵûС
־ɸѩĲ˼˵ЩĲ˼磬ƵΣ
Ĳ˼ᣬҡҡͷȻû³ѪǻԲѣ˭Ҳ֪˵жء
ҪĲ˼뷨عһ·ȥ˵ǧɽˮҲҪʱ䣬οһ·ʱ䣬ܹߵùȥ
־ɿóʱĲ˼ѾˣҲʲȻ
£־ɽѩеһߣµΡ
ѩãŰӽ˹ȹȥĬкĬҪģʲô顣
ȻЩ飬µܹģҲֻӡ
⣬ѩϸ־һ£ǽЧ֯һ÷һôӾԮƺȵȡ
־ɶⷽ飬еúܣ΢䣬㷢һûӡ½˳ȥִС
ȥĬ֮󣬲ʱӵ˾ͻ˵һΣʧܴ󣬷ݱըʮ䣬ʮ߸˵жʮҵǣԼߵˣǸֵܣǺһһˡ
½һѵĴ񣬺Ӹ½һֵһ𣬴ŴһЩ޸ըķݣ֮顣
ֻһҵĬһ棬ƤЦ˵ĬС㣬лΣ֮Ԯ֣øҹ˵лл
Ĭӣӹһ˿ײɫ漴ЦҪ飬
ӡٺ١һЦ˭Ƕֵܣҵ˼˼ҪȻҲòҹ˵˵գʲô
Ĭӣ˰Σ̲סʵΪʲôԹ
ˣڰٺ٣ĬСֲǲ֪ĲϴǼɩԶǽŵòУϸһƤǾ͵ҪƵģߺߣǽžҶȥ
ϵ飬Ӳȴؾĺ˵˵һܹѩĲ˼˲á
ֻĬദ죬Ҳ֪ѩĲ˼ǿȻ˵ʵףҲ֮
ĬһĬ˵ұһ£սңҸЩ£ҲûȥľһЩʱ򣬵ұ֤ǾԲŴ񣬻԰ˣ֪ʲô˼
Ӵ˸˵ԭĬС޴ȥǣҲģȴҪҪȣһصĸ
Ĭ̲ס¶һ˿ɫŭ˾Ǵ̣Ҫ˵ģ͸ոҵ˻ǿΪģ
ӺٺٵЦͷطֵǮô˵ˣǿûκ˷Ԯģ
㡭Ĭŭ㣬𱨣Ų㣡
һĬҲԼӲ֪ĬҪԼĻԼúԩ
ҪӸϽ˵Źһ־ȹһһΣ㳶ƽ˭ҲǷ˭ҪǣҪǣҪңĵ𣿺οңҶŹ㣿
һĬʱȥ˺һ˵˼˵ǲ˼˼
һһ漴ҪҲǲУ¶иأҪ͵ǵĹ£ҪȻ㻹ǳ뿪ʡöġ
Ĭҧг˺һŭ˵Щʲôأ
һǵˣ棬öԴĴСϱҪ˭һˣһɱ⡭
˵⻰ʱĭɣ絽Ĭϣʵӵȴúܡ


673 
ֻӼȻô˵Щηͬ˵Լ£˵ĻĬȴҲ˼ġ
һ㣬ĬûԥĬԼҲֻŮ˵ˣԺˬشӦ˵أȥִС
΢һ£˵ûطȥҲû̫ĵطҵʲǾǸܵĺϵʲ棬ǻᾡܵƽ䡣
ĬҪȻҪи֮أԵĺȵõģȻҲҪӣ˵ɴҪ
Ҳ֮٣Ͼ󲿷ֵطսӣʱʮѷǸһȥģʵҲ˶õĶӣҲˣԴ棬ȻǷࡣ
ҪȻĬҲѡȥбӽΧ
˵ʷܹܵƽ䣬ȻܾĬ֮⣬ĬǴӦ
Ĭ˵֮أܹúõĻȥȥͼı
ЩĬԥĴӦظĴһ˵ʣľǻһ飬˹֮ȴܳûˣû֮أͲҶ˵ˣ԰ɣ
ӵˣԭĬҪ̸ĳ룬û뵽һӦְ𣬶һϲ׼Ľ䣬ĬЩޣȴʵ޿κΡ
ǰĬ룬ϾԼп־壬ҪôţĬȻǲҷ棬ҪȻֱˣһƤЦģһᣬĬᡣ
ֻһֵܣĬʵڲҶһô
˰ΣĬ˵ã˵ЩҶԴӦʷϣٵҵܹԵñҽҩ֮ģҲҪȣҪȻ飬ҵ¾Ҳʹϴ󾢶
ӺǺǵЦеǳ͢ʹԵģҿԴӦ㣬û취ԱҲǣҽҩ棬ǱҲǽȱһᾡŬǣȥ֮˸һҶŵãֻҪٳϼ죬شͻ͹
һҲ֪һζҪĬԼ˼ȥ̸пܵģпܵǸ㲻Ĭһŭ֮£ҪʰԼʱԼɾͽ첻Ӧеصزˡ
˵⽲һ·ҪǺ·һ˭⡣
뵽飬ĬˣһҪֲ̫֣ȻͺԥĴӦ
̸ףĬҲӣ˵Ȼ̸ˣ͸Ͻȥʮ˵ķ˹ˣĸˣȽء
ӡšһҪȥû뵽ĬڱͻȻһ䣺Щأȫ̸İɣ
ӡٺ١һЦ˳˵ǵȻȫҵ⡭ô֪ġ
ֻ⻰һڣ̲סͳԼһͣ죬̫ˡ
Ĭ޺޵һЦôСߣñҪȻһѿ
ӻһҲ˵ҲƵĻصӡ
ҵ־ɸѩˣųһڴʱŸоԼϣģˮʪ͸ˡ
־ɺѩ˵һ¸ո̸еĽѩ˺һʮ˵ķˣ˵׼ҩʵЩѣո˶ʮԱ˺ŶУҪǣΣýһݱ
ǣִҽҩոյһս𣬸Ա֤
־һԳ˼ãʵС㣬Ǳߵʣʲôʱᵽ
ѩҡҡͷǼҿѾ׼һУսӾ磬ܷܲɵýǶ¡
Ҫǣǲǵ绰Ҳ֪ʲôطȥˡ
Ĳ˼絹ĬĬʰһ£Щҩ־˵һ䣺ĬǱֻмԱȹȥߵģȳš
˵գҲĿ飬Լһ˳ȥĬˡ
ȴЩģǼҿãҪ粻ٲûѹʱͶʣĬǻ᲻ʾܡ
־üͷǲѣȻһ˰һطûӸ½棬˿в͸ǽʱĬʾܣǻǺõģµľĬ֪ˣڻԲѣնݳ
ĬʮˣսԲԼȻ˵кüٴ񣬿Ĭǰֵһᡣ
ã־ɲŶѩ˵Ψһİ취ǽߣֻҪڣĬŲ
ѩһ᲻ѹֻҪĬ֪ˣȷҲҪǺ
ֻҪߣô͵ߣͣ
־̾һôЩѵɽȥ뷨Ӵ棬ȻûӺ½ǣͻصڡ
۾һ˵˵Ѷͻȥǡ
־ȴӣ˵С㻹һȺ棬ܶԸĬģҲֻһˡ
ҡЩִٵָָԼܶԸĬ
־ɵ˵ͷС׵ֵܣҪ΢еСԻ᲻ϧһдۣʵʩڣ˵죬ҲܹӦĬ
ӿЦźƤɣ
ѩƬ̣־˵Ͻ̹٣ϣܹ֮Ա֤ӵİȫ
ֵ֮⣬ѩЩĬģ˵ʲô⣬߸ɴֱ˽Ӹɵ֮ȴˣ飬Ҫû£ѩҲͲģڳˣѩòŵ㡣
־Ȼ֪еµͷ˵СģǾСڣֱСٴվΪֹ
һ׵־ɾְˣһСʱ㰲׵漴ռƻѩӡ½ˣŻԲѵӺɽС·ĵˡ
ֻĲ˼絽ĬǱȥԱȴһС鷳
ΪĲ˼İΣĲ˼罻Ա΢һ£ͷͷ飬ȥĲ˼硣
Ҫ˵ĬҲʶͿǰк
ֻǼĬ˵£ȫֻڴ½ƣҲ֪ôģ͸Ĭ˵ҪĬ⼸Աȥ
ĬȻ֮ã¾ͽ˹Ա壬Ĳ˼˼ȫ
һĬʱĴҪУĲ˼ȴģһ㣬Ĭǲ֪
ؼǰ˵ֻ˵ˣĲ˼ѩ˲ģ˵ĻĲ˼ǲں⼸ԱǲǿԽ壬ǿĲ˼һյӣԲ˽壬Ȼǿɡ
ٽһߣ΢ѯ˼䣬Ȼ¶һĬɵٴζ˼


674 ʵʵ
ԽǺģĬԽģֻʣʶԼй¶˻ܣ;Բٶ˵
ĬϾͺǿ¿ͿĽĲ˼ڴ⣬˵ҪǼԱƣȴ˼취Ǳȥ
ҲҪĬֱӳȥĬȴʼչ˼Ĵڡ
Ҫ֪ʮһ졣
Ĭô˼ŵģ
ֻǰĬ뷨˾ˣϾǹֵˣˣһֵҫʱΪʲôЩ˶ˣȴڵģĪ᲻ֻˣˣѾս
ԣȻĬ˼ɣЩ˷ܡ
΢һЩãĬĲ˼硢ˣȲߣҲΪǣͬ
ֻĬߵΣһֱߵĺӺܿ쿴ΣԤеҪ£̸־˵
־ڸһʯͷ㣬һһ̾Ҫȥ˻
ֻ־ɵϳɣһѽסȵôȥĲСò죿
ܻеĲϴҪи̣Ǳҡôȥ
־΢΢һ̽½Ǹ˵ֵҲ˹ȻΪص˵СҴӦС㣬Ҫ֤İȫ
־˵꣬ŽеҪĲϴ˲Ұȫʲôƨã
־ɶӣ˵ûвȥĲСƾǹܰĲСļж󣿡
һǳһ㣬ŭǰȥȥȥȥƴһ͹ҲǸʲôµġɱ˵黹Ҫӳ֮ƨ
־Ҳŭû˵ˣĲСܻˣеܵõˣ侲Ұѻ˵òã
ҲһȰСȱ𼤶ĲСʱǲµģҪһʲô̾͸ˡ
ģŤͷȥŴǿô޲̾ͷɹȥ
־ɳ˵ӣӦĬͷģ͹ȥûУ
΢һ£˵ûУ
ã־ɵ˵ͷתͷ˵С£סˣСȥͷһҪȸĬ˵ˣסʵʵٵĸ˵
ֻʲôãû˵ǰҾǸô˵ģ
־̾һ˵СĲС㡢СԡǼֵܣˣ˶һҪ侲
˶٣־˵ҲµûĬ£Ѿڿʼ͸̽СϢһȷеϢĬ̾ͻָ·ǽһɱ
ҡӿ־ɣﲻѪɺӵĲҾʵҡǸô졭
Ҫ侲棡־ص˵
ġͷ˵
ã־Ҳ˵ͷ˵ڣСȥҪ͹ȥķˣʢһЩȻ͹ȥԺ飬ֻܿԼӦ䣬ӣǹĴ÷׼С£һ𣬼Ҫʱʵʩ֧ԮС
ӺС˷־תͷ˵СסĬʱðһߣ
־˵ţָŴĬռݵǿôһߣּ˵סǸλã̸Ҫ̸£ĻҲͰˣҪ̸£ĻͰ־ɱ
΢΢Ƭ̣̲ס˵ǲҪͷôڷӵϣʲôˣαô鷳
־תͷӣЩŭȲ˵ⷨǲģҪ˵ûЩϣһ㣬ⷨһ˲̾ͻʧأΪĬЩ
ǡ
˵ȥ־˵ûпǣסĬǾͻһİ֣ԥΪУҲмȥЩ顣
̾һ־ЩˣȥҲȥСΪҪȥ飬Ʊȵ졣
ֻסڣȥڷϵ顣
־ɳĬƬ̣ų˵ģӢˣһ㣡
ӿЦһ£˵ǲҪ˰ɣҪȻӢˣҲࡣ
־ɿӣֺֺЦȴ˵
ΪĬṩķˣ˵ҲϷʢѩ׷Ƕ⣬װͰ
Ӳҵ˸ľͷⵣһ˷ˣĬǱͣ£Ĭŵ˷˵ζһ̲סֱ̿ˮһӶΧ˹һʱ֮䣬ĺ޲һ˽һȫ˲źá
ӡǺǡЦţ˽һĬ£ȥַԼȴĬһߡ
ĬһﶯֶŵģʱĬЦеİưͣԶԶ뿪ǿô
ĬһЦ⣬Ӿ;Ƥֱ̲סҪ־ɷš
Сӣ˵˵ʲô£ĬЦеʵ
һ˵ˣĬС㡣
Ĭһӣ˺һʵʲô£
˵úأ׼عȥˡӶĬð
˵úأĬһԼող˳ȥ£û뵽һ˵˳⵹Ĭû뵽ġ
ĬӦ˵Ҫ˵òأǹ˻ֵõǲ֣Բԣ
ĬƬ̣ӣӵ￴һЩߣֻ˵ЩȫʵҲûС
Ƭ̣Ĭòƹĵʵˣ
ҡҡͷ֪֪˶ҽûʲôоֻ֪û˺ۣȴѪֹˣĪС㣬֪ʲô𣿡
Ĭһۣû˵ô֪ʲôˣûôܵˣ
Ҳ˵ͷ˵Ҳû˿ô˵ģ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ĭӣʵ˵Щʲô
֪ĬдһʣЦ˵Ҹ飬˼и׼
Ĭɫһ˵ʲô׼Ҫʲô׼
ӡٺ١һЦҲ˵𣬶Ҫعȥƣ飬͵ҪȫĪСˡ
ĬɫһҪ̽ҵģ˵ǵʲô
һȻҵĻĬСҾٸ˵һ飬ƺأҪعƣ飬ĬС˵㣬ûУ
ֻԽô˵ĬԽǲĬ˺һĬ̽ʵҸҪô
Ӹ֡ٺ١ЦҪҽ¸Ͻ壬ץץôɾôɰˣϽ̹ûˣҲûܹƵס㡭
Ĭ̧ͷһ۴ӣͻȻŭߺߡŲ̾ͱ㡭


675 ˮ
ţҵȻţЦ˵˵£ԭҪֵͣɱ˴ӣһ
ҲĬֺֺЦ̲ס
һĵ˵ͷȻˣǱƵͶ·˵Ų
ĬһͶ·
ǰӿŵĴҪع߲ˣȫһûսں֮ڣǿлӣһʲô·ߣ
˶٣˵ҵǣҪиʲô̵ģҲʮңǺǣһ㣬رģҲر㡣
Ĭɫһ䣬⻰ҲԼĵ飬Ĭֵ˵ͨˣǸԼһһҪͬʱŪҲԲʲô£ǡǡĬļɵڡ
Ҳ˵ҪôܹһɱҪô;ԲҪϾԼڴӦһƬٴγˣѾǸֵİѱ
Ĭ˼ãʵûϣ٣Ǳߵδ֮£Ĭû
ӆ˰죬ĬͻȻһԼĵ⣺Ҫعƣ׼ʲôʱߣ
˭֪۾Ϲ˵Ҹһȥ
Ĭһ˼ԴĦţˣӦ൱أӸϢӦģһǾΣҲûصΣĳ̶ȣ˵Ҫعʲôģ벢š
ˣĬЩҪҸȥ̽̽ʵҲң˭Ҳ֪Լ˵ЩʲôĿġ
Ҫǿȴ֪ɣһȴҪ˭ȥǿ˵Լ֪ģ㲻֪ģҲöʾֱ˵˳
ֻӣĬʼվʹĸоȻһ룬Եȴһ޻޻ҲûãûӶ޻ʲô˺
Ĭ֪Ϊʲôã˵˵Щѵҳӣһ
ӡٺ١ЦȻˣĬСҲһν飬ԣ㲻ô˵ˣҶǱߣֻĬСҪ֣ٺ١
ĬĬһ˵ðɣҲûʲô£Իȥˣȥ˵һ£пյĻһȥһ
ӵ˵ͷȴ̾һ˵ĬСĻһԱҲֲ࣬ϣĬСܹĲϴһȥϾĲϴΨһҽ
Ĭһݣ漴ЦĲС㲻ڰҾҵô˵ãҲȥƵġ
ӶĬ۾ٺ١ЦĬС㣬ЩҲòǶ˵Ը׾ͺãҸոտˣĲϴ飬Ѿˣòߣһ仰Ҹס
Ĭתͷһ۴ӣһЦĲСҪ߱ߣҪҽҲǵľˣ𱨵飬ôó
ǾͺãǾʹ˱ҪʲôĻʱɸ˵һǻᾡǡЦЦվ
ĬӵıӰһǹĬʵǲңĬоĳطһ˫۾ԼֻĬ֪˫۾ǲָо
һ·ٺ١Цţߵ±ߣĲ˼˸к˵ĲС㣬˼ҸϽȥЩԱȥΡ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼磬˵תͷܣٶȣƵġ
ǵÿˣ̾ǹȵվס
ӸϽǰ˵硭磬𼤶ҸĬС˵ģҪǹ
ĬҲӱȵǹҪʲô
ӻعͷζĿһĬǿЦĬС㣬ǵǹɲǶԼ˵ģ𣿡
ĬֻǶ˵ߡ
ӴҡڣһֱҪߵŭյЩǹָңһҪǳ
Ĭ˳ԹûãǱ̽ϢǼȫĬϢȴʹĬĿࡣ
е˵д񿴼ǸģѾŮ˻޹
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ӣȥ𣬿ӦӦ͹ЩʣΪʲôôûû͵
ȥ죬ֻðŽˡ˵
־޿κ̾һȻ߾رأҪʽ̸ףοҪʣʵھ޴
ҲȥҲվǸ£ӾԹһССôشҲ֪ôģѵҲҲǸ֦ˣҪһϵںˣô˲˵֪ҪĻѡ
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ӷһͨɧ΢˵־ɣĬǱ߽װ飬̸ôˣ
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־ӵ˼ĬҪСǿİѱֻĬһúܣڣȥЩ˰ѱ飬ҲʹǰˣըϺ߲ɼɽҰʲôģ顣
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ҲǰһְֻӵļϣϢ˵СЩ飬Ҳˣǰֻܹı䰢磬ڣҲףҪıģǰ磬ңԣûʸӵаôõŮӣҪģСˣҲҪСˡ
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ӳ˵ǡ
ƿӣ֣еôң粻һ·ˣ֪֮ûκķˣҲӦ˵ʲô˼ȥǲĿЩ˾ôȥԸ⿴ÿһ춼ʹֻϣкãȾˣҲһѣÿһ۾ͿЩǰȥˡ
ţ֣ͣغţЩ˻ߡ
ֻȴ޿κεţôصˣȥҵô


678 
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΢һ̾ã´һһ߿սٳϵĲݷţҲ˽ȥ
ֻǳ嵽ݷӳһխĲ֮һƬǽ壬ưʲôģضǣҲ꣬һŴԲʵĴ󺺣һֻŤ󣬰һϣʹʹһֻϺףҪٳٵƬ̣Ҫ֮ࡣ
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Ǵһɰ꣬ڳһֻһѣմѪָͷŵߣͷ򣬶ӣЦӣһҺ£ߺߡ
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ӶʱֻúʮѣʱӣʲôҲ˲ˣѪ˫ۣﻹûӵĹǴԴϳһǡ
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Ĭ¶һۣȴһҲ˵ֻǿ˿ϻǿ˵ӵˣ漴Ķӡ
ߵĸ߸ȴǾݵ˽ǹָ꣬ұȴζǹڣָӣ΢Ƭ̣Ǹ߸֪飬Ѿǵ˷ͬСɵĵز߸ԴһᣬʾұˣɴɱڣԾ󻼡
ұһɣǹ˨Ƶţʳָϰ̾Ҫ
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ȣ˶һ֮£ڰϵָͷһֻۣ硱ǹ죬漴㵹
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־߽ݣֻһۣʱ˳ݣ̤ߵĬǰ˵Ƚȥ˵
Ĭҧԥ˰Σߵſڣ̽ͷһۣ֮ڵΣʵ˴ǽϵƶﶼܴ¿óеҲ֪Ƿʲô顣
ֻĬվűߣֻ̽ͷһۣߵ־ǰ˵ймҹ棬ˣҵ£㽻ңʱҸһĴ𸴡
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־ǰЩӣĬ˵ԼڣЭ̺õĹͬУִҲͰˣ£Ϊ
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ֻĬļʮ˵Ķ飬ʱ˲ˣĬֻΪһ˾
Ҫ˵Ĭڹؼʱ̣Լ¶ȣĬҪ˵Ļѳڣת֮ȴһ㣬ĬЩң·ֱ
ˣͷĬͷתһ̣Ĭһҧͳһǹϡ硭һ˺üǹ
ǹֹĬȵҿ˭ȥǡ
УĬЩ£ˢˢĽǹ׼޴Ĵ


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еĴͶˣʱȻȫתͷȥ־ɡ
ʱӷӣһȳһȳĴӲݷڣں档
ǰ£ڱһһ϶ǲһ֪䣬ǹڱ뿪ӣȻǹֻһӵӵߣһѪۣܵ˵ˣֻƤ֮ˡ
ȴǵʱΪԼȷȷʵʵ˵Լ˸
ӹȥһ󣬼ӳǵ˿֮⣬ҲûĵۣҲɵһô׵ľ϶ûܰӴУ
ټһ˵ǹ֧ŷ֣һ˵ǹ߶Ѿĥûˣһ˵ǹܾȻģ֮⣬ӵҲʵǺõ޷ݵĵزҪȻôľ룬֧ǹдеĵ
ֻ֮󣬴ƶ￴Ĭ־ɵѾ˽ŵĵزúӷţ˲
΢΢һߵĬǰߺߡЦһĬС㣬̶ĵһؾǣ˲ýСϱΥߣɱ⣬죬ҪôҪôеˣ
ĬŭΪҲҡ
˵ţĬһǹ˨Ƶţǹڶ׼ӡ
ʱĬҲѾû·ԣӡ־ɵ˵ѹȥȴĬģҲ·һ
ӺηǰһؿڶסĬǹڣٺ١ЦͿǹɣֻҪָһۣӾˣҿԱ֤ʱ򶫸Իѽһ顣
Ĭһ˵ʵ飬ֻҪԼָһۣǸĬһֱŬ顣
ǰΣӸ־ɵ˵̬ȼ˿ĬתأĬʵ߳ŭ
ߣôڻģܰôţ̽ȥҴĬм˵
ĬӦһǹҪǰЩ񣬾ǷŭѣĬǰһվҪסǡ
Ĭ겻ѣȵɱۣ
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ʱȺͻȻһƣȴɱ˸ҿ
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ǡֻǡܶŹĬʵû뵽ͻȻ֣˵֮䣬Ҳ̲סЩ
нӣߣɱޡ⣡һһ٣Ȼƣȴ쳣ȵÿһ֣һɱ
ɱͬһĺ磬Ʈϵˣ־ɵ˱϶ðһɱĺ⡣
ֻǼû˭Ҳ뵽Ȼ˿ֲɢһɿֲɷ
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ָƣͷ˵֪Ҷ֪ˣĪһˣץˣڴ⣬شʣҲֻʮ·̣ˡ
οһӣȥ־ɡӵ˴˸к
һȺ˻飬ҲЩץַˣֱѺ͵ȥ
棬ǰһǿô¹߸²ˣһڵϡ
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Щ˵⼸ˣǵϮׯˣǣը˲ĬϵըĪʮ񣬴˶ʮˡ
˵һˣԭҲһٶˣǵڣҲֻʣ⼸ˣң⼸ȫһ˵ͷĿ
⼸˴ҪЩ˵Ĵдá
Ĭ£ĬˣֻĿˣ廨ţǼ˹һȻŷŭĴ񣬽һ
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ѩ½˻Żعһ·̣˹ʵնӡ
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⽫һ˲ϵѰҡ׷ϮӵһˣˣҲ飬˳ӴһһԲ˲ǰͶСɵˡ
ֻǼ֮䣬˲߲Ъݲֹһ·ͶԲ˵ˣֱ磬ŽһһʣĴ˸ɾ
ٸʵ׵Ҫ֪ΪʲôһŻûܽըȴǾԲ͡
˯˾ٴʱѾǵ˵ڶϣһ磬ӾקҪȥĲ˼硣
죬Ĳ˼˳ҪӰһڣˣȻȥһģҲҪȥĲ˼罻
͹ʣȻֻһС֣ȫһҵҽʦæ
Ĳ˼˶ǿʯͷЩԭˣҲòĿȥˣϾ˼רҵģ൱տҽ
ֻǼĲ˼ҲûѾõ־ϲͿ
Ĳ˼ܵȻҲܿƺǰǿƺȫѿȥ
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ĸ˵ˡҽԺ棬Ĳ˼磬˰Σɬɬһ䣺ˣ
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680 ֶΣ1
̸֮ƽƽûмȥıҪ
һԿ˲̲ôŰķŶԷɵúЩż죬Ĳ˼˵һЩǾҪģק޷ҲΪ˵Щ顣
ǣĲ˼һ棬ȻҪܶԷĵزĻ⣬ôȥ
ϴ˵ЩܺڣɵʱȣҲûôٸ˵˵ʲôȵķûУŬһЦúܾǰֿǣ廰˵
ֻǹȥ˵ģʼѾȥ˵ģܾǰ飬Ͼ˺ܾǰ飬ԼʹӺŬҲλزȥ
ԣĲ˼˼ûȥӵĻ
ҰĪڲĬϵһһҿžۡĲ˼ܵĮļ˵
šЩɢҲֻǵӦһ
Ҵعߡ
Ŷ
˵߾ϹȥƵ
ǰ

һקסЩŭ˵硭Ҵɲ˵ЩϻģϽģϴѻ˵
Цһ£ʲôҪ˵
ŭѣƨһţǣһμûȥܣҲûǳӣüͷûһ£һϡ
㷴ӦҲûУӼˣקһһ߶Ĳ˼еϴ󣬶⼸ۻˣԴûѹҴȥϢһ£ٹ㡭
Ĳ˼絭ġšһĻҲû˵
קٴĶӣŻŵĳˡҽԺ˺ԶӲһˤŭ磬ڸʲôܹݣ
ӣĹ˰Σ˵ѵû
ܿʲôӵһŭ𣬶˵ĹУɸֵŭ𣺡ҿóģֻһģʲôҲû
̾һо仰ĪĲϴѾĻ䣬ʱȥ˵ʲôʲô
ӲܲˣܻŭϴĻ䣬ҲΪ㣬ðȻȼ˵Ϊ£㣬ҲûܹԾ
˵ģһжòײļһ䣺һ֮󣬷ܷ߸ӷֻܷӳ٣Һƫƫܹһˡ
ʲôƨ˵˵ֻ֪Ǹϴڲģʹ죬ˣֻ㣬ҲΣһжǹƨȫǹƨӺеǰִ³ȻĿ˵ڣӾô˵ˡ
Ĭ޻˵ͷϣֻԲ
ǡãʱĬ
ĬѩһģҲ֪Ϊʲôߵô
ߵǰĬΪ˶ֻȻĬȴҲ޿κΡ
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ǻûߣĬ̫ĬŮˣ鷴޳ֵΡ
Ĭһ죬Ƭ˵֪սңˣֻҪ߳ͳ˴һɳӣԡ롭
ǣˡߺߣҪôЩ񽻴һ˲⼸ҲڣﶼЩʲôʣҶ֪˵һ㣿
Բ𣬵ȷҹ̲ܽϣǼ죬ҲǲڰĬ˵
ѩЩ¸˵ЩȻˣǱȴ޼ҿɹˣοۼǧˣҲںǶʮˣ𣿡
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Ҳô˵תͷȥĬ
ĬΣ˺һ˵Ҳȥ˵ˣǷǡ챿˵ǰ
Ĭ˵⻰Ҳȫ֮ʣһ䡰ɱ⡱ַ£ֱӱϳȥˣʹĬµˣȻѾʼĬ˻ɡ
ԣĬ˵Ҳ֮е顣
ֻȴԸȥĬЩ飬Ĭ飬ҪôȥԼ飬ֻҪΣ飬Ҳò֡
Ĭ̾һ˵ʱ뿪ȥս֮УĲ̡
ѩ̾һȰ˶࣬ҲҪάˣҪȻһ֧άĶ飬ҲǾһӦְ𡣡
ѩôĬ˵Ĭǰ˵˲ٵĺûʹѩ
ѩӣҲܲ£΢Ƭֻ̣˵ȻСô˵ҲãĬСҪˣΪάˣлҴ֮Ϊǿɾһȡ
ɿڣĬϲ⣬˵ףֻҪҲĻм򡣡
ȻĬ׾ٵĸаˣ˵ɣȫټлҪ˵
Ĭһ漴ϲҪҲǽ䣬ټǹ
˵ţĬһ󼱴١
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ֻĬһҲʮһˣȴ˶ʮӣ˾ѡ
ʮųţսãĬɤӣ˵ڿʼǽһȨĹҽͣϣҽ߾ȫϡ
ĬЩǣԵĶĬ̫ŷ˵Ҫ߾ȫЩ˶ʱ¶мͲ
ĬһվȵҶˣԸμӵģվԸμӵģұߣҾԲǿκһˣʮӿǣ
ûʼж̾ʵϰ壬ʲô񡭡
Σմ󲻴󡭡
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࣬廨ŵ⣬ڶȴǰҲ𣬵ȵʮ룬㿪ʼʮšˡߡ塭
ĬҪǰȥͣǱһĬԼ󣬾Ĭ˵֡
ʱĬЩ£ſʼԥվģֻʮ˸ˣоŸ˺ԥѡվұߣԥվԭز
һ֮ͣĬʮ˸˴һߣĬ߿֮Ÿµʮ˵ڣǿѡǹ뿪
Ϊʲô
ƾʲôҪ뿪
˭ƾʲôǡ
ƾʲôҪǷǹ

廨ŵ⡢ڵ𣬲ڶȥøǽʲôֻǳȵʮѡ񣬳ʮ룬ҽΥ۴
Ƭϣ˭˭ȭͷӲ˭˵ĻǹأǰЩǰʩ
ڣЩֻ˭ȭͷӲˣʩһغҪάź࣬ͱ븨ֶΣ


681 ֶΣ2
Ļأ漴ٴοʼ
һʱ˷ǹ˴ǹת뿪µ߸ˣȴǼȲǹҲߣ˵˼Ҫˡ
Զ뿪ˣҲ׷Ӵǹˣ־Ǳȥ
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⼸˵Уȴɻ˴еʲôʸߡ
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˵ţӻſĹЦ
ǸӣȵѾˣע⡭
ע⡱ֳڣǰһ
ڱ˵ֻǰһһʹӼԶĵطһվǸǰ
һ֣ڹЦǸӵ½ץסžһ죬ǸӵһǶ⣬漴ǴӱϵǹһץǹܣһץǹУþһ֣㽫ǹֳһԲ漴ֽԲǸӵĲϡ
һУҲͽֻһһ֮䣬Ǹ֮⣬˼ûӦѾ˿˺üԶվǰվǸλá
˰ΣǸԼµ˲Żع
ĸ͵ϮǸһӣһſݡѪһָŭ
Ǵһ仰û꣬ǰһڣѾǰһΣҿַֻǸӵϣһʱ֮䣬žĴ죬ڶ
ֱǸӳû˹ȥȻڵϣŻع˻صǰǸλá
һγǸӵĶ⣬һζֻһһ֮䣬µ˶ʱסˣû֪ôġ
ˣٴγȵ
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һ㣬ǾǹģĬǧĶ飬ȻԼһӸ˽һ룬ɻĬĶ飬ĬŮȴ̫ɿŮͷŪţû׼ò˼죬ֻϷߡ
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֮أ棬Ϊ˰άְһֱҪģҲһֱѰģǣЩȻҲĴмҲԸȥػǵЩ
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682 Ϣ
ûһﻹһ̵ܴĽţϧôȥĬ֮ѩЦȤ
ֻ鲻ѣƳһѩûһ
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΢΢˵ͷ֪ˣ׼ȫԽ־ȥֵС
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ѩЦݣȰ֪ǾöԲĬϵԲĪԲˣ԰ɣʵЩ鲢𣬶ܴ󻷾Ӱ죬οѾùˣûжԲκˣʵ磬㲻Щ飬ġ
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ĿŴߣæͷЩˣŴСӵһúǰοһȴ־úΡ
ǰٴӹԽ֣׷˵Щ棬޹Ĵ񱻴˱ըĻ棬Щ棬Щ飬Ŀȴ໥֯һÿһѪÿһôʻôʹòű۾ȴܿõ
ѩ˵Щȷѹ
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ϻʱ۾Щ΢죬־ɺĬ˼򵥵ؽһ£ʱ˸Լӵ׼ع
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˵ԭı꣬½С˶ǵȻֻ˵ЩǮʱҲòţʹҪĻȻȥҪЩȥֵܵı꣬ŵԭ˵ģ߳һңҲת˵ķʽȫ½ȥ
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Ϊ߾˲òƵУһ·Ϸ糾ͣڵϣصͭǡ
ЩĹҵеĿѩӵ˶һ
ǣǰĲ˼һصͭǣһ¾ǺĻصһΣĲ˼ȴһֱ·ı
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ɣ߶Ĳ˼ҲˮȴҸɣ裬ӣһΣǲûܻ
ɣ߶߶ģÿһ˶һ飬ÿһ˶Ϊɣ迴ûܺúõչ˺ԼֵȴǴͺǻ
ĸ˶µĺӣһĶͷƽӣûֱ䣬ɣϽԸɩɩȥƽԵĲˣϽģһĶˡ
ɩֽȼϴɾ·ϾѾںˣԵĺ⣬նϺȽϲ˿˳ľҲĲ˼һȽϰԵ㣬նѩĿζЩررϲɩҲ׼һݡ
ЩˣЩҳˣʲôݻĵطÿ˶Եú棬û˿˷ѡ
Լǿң˿ѵˣŻᶮõϧ
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ŶһȴûʲôϢ
˰ΣЦ˵ûС࣬ǺǡҪ˵ǣҸںƽǻ˵Щ죬淢ðݣǺǣСĸ
΢˼䣬飬ʹ˽ҹᡣ
ĵڶϢȴüͷ
˵һΣǰľϸŵĶңԣһСܸҰæ
һ𣬹˺ð˵ʲôæ
ЦЦ˵С˵һֱһ飬飬˵Ҳ򵥣ʼѰҲҩĴ˵С㲻İɡ
һ𣬹˰Σ˵شҲ˲ҩ


683 Ϊ˶
ǺǵһЦ˵ܳȻԣҪȻŴЩ࣬Ϊֲ˱ˣǺǡԵģȴʼʵĲҩ
Щ⣬ʼʵĲҩʲôء
˹˵ʼʵĲҩҶֻ֪ǼٵģǴ˵ԵģȴǲҩĶ
ǲ⣬ҩĶʲô
˶٣Ц˵ڵĿƼоļޣӦһٶʮ굽һʮ꣬ĿǰĿѧܴﵽһˣѾָҲ˵ЩˣֻӦе֮
˵Щ׹˵һֱģ˳ϵ飬Ѱһӻ˥ϣչ޵̽
ֻǾ˵ͻֻܿһ漣Ψһ漣ôĿѧңչһ⣬޲ߣôһˣУѵеõʹ˲ɣ
ֻЦЦ˵ҵȻеõʹǡһС͵ооԱһظԭҵɽõһֻоʾֻĻ棬һּΪصĿ˥أԴӻ˥Ϲ̣еĿ˥ϲƷЧ˲֪ٱƲ⣬ЧӽʼһֱѰҵĲҩ
ǺǡЦ˵ϧǣǸɽɼֻֻһ䣬ûԭƷʹǵоֻеһ룬ҲûӼоȥ
Ĭ˰Σ˵ֻҪҵǸɽߣȥҵֻоܼȥˣ
ûô򵥣Цݣܰ˵ôȥҲòͶСĴˣʵϣǸɽڰѻ֮漴ʧˣע⣬˵ǡʧʧ٣ҵоԱǰûü˵Դ£ƾʧ
һʧȷ롰ʧ١кܴ𣬺οǰƾʧ鵱Щ졣
ԣǶ仨Դͳһգһ˵
Ĭ˺һ˵˵ҰæȥҵֻԭأɾЩˣҪûͷο׷١֮飬ҸС
̾һҡͷ˵Сʵңһȥ飬Աϵʧ԰ɣҲûȷҵƵĹƲ㣬˵ʵ飬һʼҾΪϳռʵϣǵľɵеԵʣʹԭĹ켣û뵽ģҲ㲻Ԥ⵽ģ԰ɡ
ʵӵ׷ɱЩˣĪĬϵЩ޹ĴָʱѾȷԼֵóˣ
ȻΣЩȫԼѡֵܡ޹Ĵ񣬾ǡ򡱣
ԣڵһϡۡʱӦüʱ֣ʱգҲùö࣬㱸ܼ尾
û̫˵飬Ҳûȥġ
һ㣬ѩĲ˼־ɸͲ˵ˣĵط־Ҳһһʮĸƣ棬ҲŪģֻǼһ
ҶԲǣҡͷ˵ҲûҪҵΣǣֻܻţһţǷǵʵ̫ˣȥʮذ˻أҲǷǵġ
ԣҵûţŬȥΪֵȥ飬ù˱ΣԹ԰Ա
Ѫȷһֱֱѧ£ҪȻֱֻԽԽأ󣬻ѹ㴭ڵӦΪʲôʱȴΪ
⻰ѩ˵ģȻһޣڶ
ٴγĬǰֿʼЩһӶǵĻ棬ѪһĻһĻģʻ
ЩһŵףɽèĪĬϵӡ½־ɡŵģѾȥ˵ģϣЦݣеЦݡ
һţΪԼһӣǷǵһ쿪ʼûԼҵΪǶΪǶ
Щһ˫ֻţ˵ԣؼңͳûм˴Ф
ܴ󣬰ڳɩһʰɣ趼ˡ
ɣߵߣ§ڻС˵ֵܣҵĶֻһӣʲôĵط⵱Ĵϣ㿴һϹͷķϣҪ
衭֮ɣĻе
ɣųһ㻤˵££ġ
̾һɣ˵裬ҶԲС˺СҸǸԲˡ
ͣҪ࣬ɣҲ˶٣Ҫ˵ݵλĻɣ費ܱģɣǰǹģһ𾴡
ɣ§˵ǵ飬Ҳ֪Ҳǣֵܣϣ⺢һʶ棬úõ˵𣿡
Цһ£裬ҶԲСϣ費Ҫֲźá
ɣ軤ڵЩæ飬Ҳ˵ȥˣ£̾һٴ˵Բˣ裬ʵЩͻ죬л
ɣ軤ȴ𣺡ֵܣҪԷߣ
ҡҡͷЦһٷʱɣʱһ߶Ŵġ
˵գ̾Ϣţҡͷˡ
ߵòӰˣɣŷſʵӣһʱ㶼ģ趼ŵģʲô£Ҫ˵ʲôһ˱趼š
һ⣬ɣ˵˵ǣȴֲ˵⵹ǲɣ裬Щ˵һŵɣ衣
ɣ赣ģҲԸ⡣
ԣһһ˿Цݣ˵裬Ҳû£ϱأ
ɣ֪ԼԼģɣȴЦ˵ð˵ҵĺϲ˼ҵĺӣһϱѣҵĺӣһӲŮ
ɣ軹û˵꣬ſھӵ裬ʲôŮĶءĶءҿɵüʶʶ
漴ִɣϼӣʶͷȥʶһҿ
أӸɣϼһǰһݣǰ棬һźϵķ⣬һƤЦ˵ҲǼʶʶͼʹ죬˵ģô桭
Ӹɣϼˣɣ費ɵЦ˵ôˣһģƵģҲûζˣôʱˣˣ
Ц裬⵱ȻҪģ˭Ҳֹҵķƴƣⲻոսһ⣬ʦҲԲ׼˰ѻŵ̨ϣǲŻҶ硭
˵ɣЦʦǸģгԲ׼ģ˳͵ȷԣ͵
ӴŹ˵ҳԱµζȣȴûһϯܱȵϸһ
ɣϼȴһ˵裬ģһλˣһ˵ҪĳԲ׼ǿҲżѻ˵ٹǮ
ɣϼôһ˵һֱɵʵҪģʲôҪļλжߣ
ָͷЦһͭҪļҲߣʮ򣡡


684 ʧ
ɻȻ˿ҪļǮߣΪȴǷ
ȻǮ඼ΪҪǮã˭۰Ͱ͵̾ͰǮ߬
ʮ򣬶ӣ˵Ƕ㲻ʲôͷǮ˵¶ɾʹȥˣû׼ǧܾȻһأ͸˵ʮˡ
Ӹɣϼ˵˺񲢲ǺżƵģû̸üǮѶⲻЩô
һɣϼ㣬Ϥǰйϵ
ɣϼһҡҡͷǸףصģǰǶûӴҲ˵ˣΪصģŶȥȥҲ㣬˵ǴΪãŷĵİѶģң廹Ǹٿ鶨𡣡
ע⵽ɫ̫ʵô£磬ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷɣϼô˵Ҳûʲô⣬˼ǳӵģãи˼ҷģҲûʲô⡣
ȴ˵ıŤȴֲ֪֢ڣԣֻҡͷ
ʮȻ㲻ʲôոյľЩģΪ£˺κˣʹֻǴϵҲ˺ɣϼۣɣ衣
ԣĬƬ̣˵ɣҹȥ
Ҫ˵ȥʵҲֻƾ컯۾ǶļٵģûС֮ϢֵܲǮֵǮЩУҪȥ̽ĳֵڣ;ԱȲۡ
Ҫ֪һҪǵ̺ͻۣһ˫ۣ֪ʶϣۻ൱Ĳࡣ
Ǽ˵ڿϳŶ±㼴̳
ɣȴǳӵʲô⣬ҲһʱģϾͳԷˣ˷ٹȥҲ١
ӻҪ죬Ļڻû˵ڣɣϼһ߶ŵġ
ɣ˷ţſͣһɫִ㲻ϺҲۡ
ƶȴֱӾ˽ȥңǸʻλá
ɣϼЦЦ˳ϼʻԱλá
ԭɣϼĳ⵹û뵽
˳ӣӻعͷЦ˵û뵽ɣǼϼˣٺ٣Ǹãȥģľֻȣٺ٣磬ǲǡСˡ
ںϣ˺һһ˵ġСֵ˼
ɣϼȴ֪˵˵ȫ
һϵȫһЦʲô˵˵ϼڿļʻԱҸٺ١
ӵ˼ȻǶãԼȻῪûù֤ԼǰĲ˼ԼѧҲ˵֤ȥ취Ǻֶң֤飬Ҳ͸׵Դ档
ɣϼһۣ漴𲽣ƽȣǼӲֲ˵Сˣ
һ䣺ϼôֻôִ
˼˵ɣϼ˳˵ϰ࣬ʵҲӵĹɶͳͭһŮӣڳӴݵᣬ벻ףɣϼһִô˵ҲŪʲôİɡ
û뵽ǣɣϼͷҲأЦŴӣǸĹôǰÿ
񡱵Цһɣϼ˵˵ˣǵϰ嶼ûʲôμӾۻᣬ˸ѧЩԱģôݳޣ
һ죬·μӾۻᣬǿǰˣû뵽ɣϼ˵¡
ǰЦԣϱʲôѡʲôֻѡԵģѡģǺǣڼּң
ɣϼͨ죬ں϶ɣϼĶӡ
ֻɣϼǵ˭ϱˣ
ӸɣϼΣЦЦȴͻȻ֮ǰԼ˵һţΪԼڵһУΪԼû͵ҪΪ˻š
ɣϼļʮ죬ʱ㵽˹֣ͣóӣŸͽ֡
ϣϢ̯˿͵Ľ˷ַǷ
Էһ۱㿴۴˸ϻŷŴ󾵣ڹ̨ϿһﻹѡεŮ˿ͣĲ˼ڻ
ԵȴȻеһɾΥС
æķŴ󾵣վϻҲժЦ˵Сˣ
ңмŲٵڴ
塭ҲЦŴ˸к
ӣĲ˼ڻǱߣĸŮƷ
ȴûȥĲ˼۴кֱߵ̨ϣЦ˵˵мҹơ
۵˵ͷЦ˵Ǽͭģ
䵱յĶһ㶼Ƿֿģ˿ͽ׽ףԼʱǼֵߣƽѵҵЩŻ͵бչ档
ɣϼȥĲ˼һٲҪȥֵġ
䣬ȵңԼȥǼͭ
ֻոɳϣڵĲֿǱ߷ͨһʲôĵڵϣϾֿﶫ࣬۽ȥװʲôĿڴڵϣҲûʲôϡ档
˶Ҳû⣬һסȡֽ˲Ҷˮˮһһڲ輸ϣŴúõ۸ѧϰѧϰ
ոն豭ǽһֻһۣ˲ɫ䣬ͺһá
ֵʵһ䣺ʲôá
վüٶȳңֱ˲ֿǱߡ
Ӹں棬ͣʵô°ǡ
ֻǵ˲ֿſڣӵɫһҲĲ԰
֮ԭҪĲֿ⣬ԵĿճһƬطŻĻܶˡ
۵ڵϣ˫۽գǻ˹ȥ
۱ڻ̽ûʲôˣӦǹݼ˾ţϢ裬˹ȥ
֪Եɣ˿Ҳܣע۵壬ʱ˳ۡĽһ
۾΢һܣʱݺᣬ˵Ϊʲôᡭ
һ۵ؿڣ˳һ߰ο壬żʲô£˵
Ĩһᣬ˵ֿĻﲻˣҡ
ﲻˣظһʲôأԭֻǻﲻˡ
ۿ޵ﲻˣԿ
ֿԿףһѣ۸ɣϼգƽ۵ԿףɣϼǰѣûϣۿﲻˣԼȻֱӵĹϵ룬Լʧְ
ΪΪҪʧְش¼ԣ۾ʵǶԲ


685 ͭ˽
ʮˣ޵ƵģҲǴ˭˭ĸ͵ǵĶⲻ̫ͷ϶ˣ֪ǸողŴǹֵꡢ˶İҸү֣ˣүҲŪ
ûĵȵǶ˵ֵǮ£¸ʲôأҰǱȥ
һۣһŭ죺˵ʲô˼ǼҶˣôˣһҪء
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۶ţ˵ѾЩ˷磺ǵõİǽȥŶҸСһȥģôͳһתۡһת۰ǻ콵
ô˵Ƭ̣Ҳ˵˵ҲǰһһΣʱǻѵģ˵컯֮£Ҫ͵ҲжĶ
ʵЩڲֿű߲ߣ΢΢һ˵壬Ƕ㣬ⲻĴ˾Ĳ߻õģģǲóѣ
˺һ۲ֹסһճĵط̲ס˵ߵһŷŵСҾߣ˵Ҳֵʮ򣬻ڶţǸ߷´ģʮ򰡣ߵģֵǮһЩŶÿһҶеǼǣܼһʮ࡭ǡôһˡ˭ҪҰ
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ٶĶˣ̯ÿͷϣǿɶǺüʮ򣬾ʹӿûɲʹġ
ôһ˵Ȳʵ磬֪˭ɵģ
ⲻŵŶʱһжúõģһʱ䣬ûȴˣⲻǼƻõʲôҹƣǸ䵱Ǹйأ
ԴЩͿǸˣԼͳţ˵ģֿĶʲôϵ
΢΢̾һ˵ϵЩ飬˭ҲŪģҵֱ
ŭãȻĹȥкһҼ˰
ʲôáм˵֤أҿֱȥ֤ݣ
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ûʲôǣӣȷȥϢңʲô˿˵䵱Ķʲôطģ˵
ʱ۲ԼǼͭģתͷһ£ŷ֣Ǹ˵֪ͭô£㵹ڵϡ
۽ͭݵǰ
ϸһưС߲ЩƵİ˽ͭƣϰԵ컯۾ȥһͭƵϢֻͭϢȻͭϵһɫһ㣬ȻرֵǮĶ
һʼûע⵽ΪͭƸСϢֲرԣֿϢȱȽǣټͻȻʧԣۻ赹Ҳûȥϡ
ͭƣǼٵģ˵ֻǲֵ̫ǮԲǲֵǮԷҪ۶ʮӦûǱȽпϵļ۸
ͭƣỨⶫŵʱ򣬲ֿﶼúõģСҲ֤
ͭƽ˹΢һͻȻ֮ʵ壬Ӹ˵Բ׼ô£
漴Ǹҵʱ˵һճ滹һȵĹζζǸʬζģҾǸû˵ٻȷǸճĶ
Ȼƾһ㣬ҿ϶ǲʹȷû⣬һ£ͭƣӦس֮ǰ
˵ͷ۵ľ;ϸԸ񣬿϶ƾЩȫ϶ģ֮ԳԲ׼ⲻǳͭƵʵغ档
Ȼ̾һ˵С㿴Ļƣô鿴ҲȫεĵطҡȥŴ󾵹
Ͻ˵ˣ壬ɣʧԵ飬ȷһߣⶫŪ˵
ôһ˵۶ʱЩɻѵڣ
ȥҷŴʲôԼͭƣ۽ҡ
˻ңѣʱʱĨһᡣ
˷Ŵ󾵹ͭƷŵ輸ϣְѷŴ˵壬ҽһ¡
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ӹŴ󾵣ȥָǸطһ˲֮䣬ɫϵĻƣϤֻƣһΣֱǻĮǴųǣ񱤣ҰɽǸ
׼ȷ˵ֻƣһֵĿǰΪֹûܹġ֡ţ
һԽ˵һʱΪõİƣǰҲƵģҿ֮ҾͿʼΪֻƣҴûҲû˵мصĻƣңΪİƣӦǸִİͼ󣬿ӣȻҲǰ˽ΣȴǰͼҾͻɡ
Ƭ̣˵壬ģû˵һ㣬⻨ƣҼ
һЩץôʲôԼȴһ֪أ
û˵ͬҲֻ̫󣬲ǵöѡ
ʵ治ǵˣΪһʹߣЩʱ򣬾󲿷ʱҲֻôܱЩǮԡǮ֮͡Ķӻĵģ¾ֻɣϼˡ
ץͷڨڨЦЦ˵ô˵ⶫֵǮģ磬ֵ֪𣿶ʮ򣬿
ӣתͷ˵壬Ǹʲôʱ
̾һ˵ûһ˵һ磬˶֮˵Ҫ
šӦһ˵ҲµûĻǼһܿͻңһɣƴǲߺߣƵͷҵҪһﵽһ·ɡ
˵Ŀ϶Ӹ۶ǳһѵֿʧԣǸͭƵйϵߣ͵ֿ߲ô
ɾЩˣʧĶɲ٣ǴҡڵİˣЩҲһʱܰģοΨһĳ·۵Ĺ̨ǰ澭


686 Ҫ
飬Ҳ٣ܵ˵ҲֻǾߣĪͱߣȴǽȻͬ
壬ͭƣУǸҪĻҡ
˵գͭյԼĿڴַԸӸˣֿʧԵ飬ȿЩʲô嵥ʱţôݾߡ
ֻӻЩɻ󣺡治ñ
û˵ɵǼɵ룬䵱ⶫˣҲҪǷʧԣ֮ʣźҪⶫǲţ͸˼ɣ˵ˣ˵ϵϽ˵ǸʲôģöĶҼ⣿ͱȥԼӻù
䵱ģȲ鱦һ˵棬˼ûɵľͻ뵽˼ҶǰͲĳźá
ȻߣȴԱֲֻᣬҲԵˡ
ϵϽǹ˼۵ĸܺ棬Ϊ֮
ʱɣϼߵſڣƿţ̽ͷ˶ڣЦ˵ڰ壬иҪ뼸ȥҪеߣӦ
ɣϼȻƽҲѧһ֪ʶվֻܵģҪϸߵĹ˿ͣҪ۳С
һæʵǲͭǸˣ
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۸мѵĵ˵ͷվɣϼ
輸ϵǱ裬һڣˮѾЩˣζǺܺá
ɳϣͷ˵ôͻôأ
²豭ӣ˵ʲô죬ѵû٣ţˣشոûУ
شʲôʱôûţһ˵ʱЩ
̾һ˵һӹ顣
ʲô£Ȳʵ
ԼϢӼԵ˵һ顣
һһ㶵ģֵĻ˥ءҩصʧȲֿʧԻ졣
˵ˣ˺һӲһʵشûȥæֻ
ƳһۣΪңֻΪ˸˵ôһ£
ӵ˵ͷ֪ˣûӦ԰ɣҲǣһȥش£ôûʲôȴ˷۱˸һͿȥɣǻü˵Ըɡ
һӣȴ
ӿһ˵ɫٺٵĸЦ˺һ˵öԣ֧㣬ˣ죬Ҫ֯һΣ٣ȥ
˵ͷһڼҺóԵģŷһʺƣһ£Ҳûȥ٣ȥɣҲá
û뵽ӼٺٵЦ˵ֻһߣһˣðһ˶ϼٺ٣Ҳã죬졣
һɣϼڻҺԼͷܹһʱɣϼ
ȥɣϼȥúõҲãߵСȶˡ
˵ѩͻȻֺʵˣ⼸ôûӰӣ֪ʲôȥˣ
һ죬ӻһ֮ԼûѩˣΪ֪ء
Ҳ֪٣Щʧ
ЦЦ˵ҵȷûȥ飬ģͭǣǵѣСӦû£˵ˣ˵׼Ĳϴһ𣬻ʲô顣
ȴЩģѩ֣û¶ܸЩ³ʲôطȥˡ
ģӵֻѩĺ룬˹ȥȰ죬ȴǷ̨ʾԷѾػ
ѩҪȥʲôҲȥ棬ֻҪɣϼȥ죬ùæǰ֪ͨи׼
߷м죬һʱϵѩҲżֻӣлϵѩ͸Լ˼˵һ¡
£վҲûʲôӸɣϼǰݣԣȥһߡ
һΣ˵ҪȥߣӳûҪҪţ֪ȥߣҲûǰڹȥԻȻӸŲţҲûʲôν˵ˣɣϼǱߣȺţҲ᲻á
˻ңٴȥһ۲ֿ⣬ֿ˸ոµϢ֮⣬ҲûϢԣҪסµϢȶԵ뷨ǲʵˡ
غ˲ֿţϣֱ뿪ֻǵ˹̨ǰɵöһڸ̸Ĺ˿͡
ǴŻֽеһͷӣʮӣ壬βָֻ˶ĸָ̽ǿĸдָͷСɫǾӨóǼֵ֮ͷִָͷȴһָֻͬɫֵȻ
һ֪ͷӵݺ͵λͣӦǮƵϲ
ֻݵͷӣҲǼΪ޵
ҲϵǺˡ
ǰĹ̨ϾͰʮ桢֮ûһͷġ
رһͷӣΪͷˣ˵˵ͭ棬ԷĶ࣬ѡĵطϰôЩҡ
ӦʧԵ飬ۿ˵ϸ磬ĶЩϵȵģٺõģûУǴڱĵطֻϸ㲻˵Ҫʲô࣬ʲôļλҲͷĲӬ
һ̧ͷǿЦһ¡
ǮƵˣڵľųǸƣλϸ硱Ҳⲻף°һӣ˵Ҫֻ棬㿪ôӣ᲻֪䡯桯ֵ˼ɣ˵ʵЩ۸ǲͣҲһЩҪģ䣡
óЩȻ㲻ر󣬵ÿһļֵҲڰҡ
ͷȴۣ治֪ͷӣҪʲô䣬ֻͬ˵ͷ˵Ҫʲô࣬ʲôݣֻ߼λʲôλã⵱ЩΪ˵˼
ο⻰Ҳ˵Щʢˣɵðüͷ
ͷԹԵ˵Żû࿴һۡ
ϲպĶϲҪĻҽ
Ҳͷ̬ȣǰò˵
ڣͷתͷۿһȴܿ찺Դм˵С޶֪ʲôġ䡯úõȥ飬ȴܵϹ֣մͭ
Ͳ󣬲Ƕ䣬ϴֻϹʣǸӵܣͷ˳ھͽѵ


687 û˵ĺ
Ϊ˼ҿ龭öˣҲѧ̩Ȼ֮
ϲӵϰ壬֪ϲҪ䣬Ҫ桯ʲôطҪ䡯ֻԽǮĻҵġ䡯Ǻǣ֪˵öԲԣ
Ҫ˵Ľ鱦Ŷ棬Բ˵ЩδϾͳ䱦
ġ䱦Ǿ͵Լϴı£ͷϴŵͷϵһ˫ףִŵһ˫ӡ
Щ桱䡱ǲáǮֵġ
ͷӵǺŭǲϰʲôϵϰ壬ҲģǮҪģоУûоûУѿʲô
ͷڡ䡱տڡ䡱ͭ˵øһĳȻ⣬ȴܵͨҪ䣬ǱȡҪһΡ
ο̸ô䣬֪ŵģ޷ҲǮ޷ҲǴӰס
ˣȷûʲô˵ġ
ЦЦתߵ棬Ĳ˼绹Լǿűˮ˳΢һ߬ģֳ
ߵ̨ϣˮڹ̨ϣЦЦ˵ϲ֪ܲϲۣ
һˮ飬һӽˮ飬ۼģǾ䣬ѵҪűˮͷ
˭֪ͷֻǲмһƳߵ˵䣬ͳ䣿ߺߡ
ЦЦ˵Ҳһֵܹڶѵʯ飬Ҫ˵䣬ⶫҲ㲻ϡ
ڡͷһٴȥȴϵЦһɡ֪ô
ͷܲˣһǳһɫŭ˵ڣʮڰڣҲòܵҪҸķڷǣ˵ʲôǵڷƨ
ͷӿȻ⣬ʱ¶ײ͵ıĿ̲סЩҪЦ
ˣǮ֮⣬Ҳֻ֪ˡ
ЦЦ˵ͭĲԶɽˣ֪ϲϲϵãϲʯӵǰǿһ۵Ļ˾ԻĽѡ
ͷһͭĲԶɽͷ֪ģͭǣҲͣĲԶɽͭǸǿͭղؽ̩ɽ˵۶˵ˣ챦ҲǶ಻ʤ˶ĽѵĶǷͬСɡ
˺һͷӲͻȻڹһ˵Ǹ˵ˣҲѵ˵òСӣӵϰ壡
Ǹͷʧе
֪ϲ˵Ǹ˭Ц˵
Ͼͭǣղ٣Ҳ̫ͨû׼վͭǴһСкü̾ͻվϴΣ֮£Ǯֳ顣
ĲҴСҪõλͷӳ˵
ЦЦ˵Ĳ˼磬Ҳ̸ҪãͨѶѡ
˵ţĲ˼Ǳæ꣬Це˵¶õ飬١
Ĳ˼ģһתȴ˵㵱Ĳң߾ߣ㣬ûʲôĲҶС㣬ֻҵԱ㰮ɾ͸ɣ
ЦеĲ˼϶ʱһֻͣƬ̣˵ҶûȥˣҪСʱҾСʱļ٣ȥһ۾ͻ
תͷȥĲ˼ҲãҲգȥǡ
һĻǿͷ˳Ծѣ˰ΣʵƹģλС㣬ѵǡ
̾һ˵Ĳ۾СŮĲ˼
ͷӶʱһĲ۾СŮ򹤣ңɫҷǴ˵Ǹ
Ƭ̣ͷӲŻһЦеɫ˵СҲ۲ʶˣǺǣ¡¡
ңĻصҿʯͷӶĲԶɽĲүүʦ˸۸ڣϲ۵ĻҾŻһһǧһһʮ򡣡
ͷٴһ˵Сϰһűˮ飬ѵⶫǡ
΢΢һЦ̸ʲôСˣ֪ܲϲۡ
û뵽ͷҡҡԴȻǾܵһãҲĪңֻⶫȴҪҪԭ򣬰˵Ҳա
˶٣ͷӻһת˵С屡죬ƣһǧ治ɫǺǡһ鴫
ͷôһ˵Щ飬û뵽Լ֪˴˵ˣǴ˵ԼԼ˵ǴӢ۴ʲôˣⶼĶĶ
˺һڨڨЦԼǽͷβĺߣͼӴ׵ĺ˵ˣˣд˵ôá
ֻͷɵÿЦһ£漴˵ɣˮûҪˣ鷳СֵǧҶλ⣬һҵģʮΣҲһ
ͷôһ˵۸һͷӣҲȤǰڿֱҪ䡱ǰȴֲҪˣʲôԭֺֺЦ
ͷӿҪǧҵҲһС⣬ˮ飬ˬĴãϲԺƬ̣ȥȡ
Ҳͷӽңֱӳ˹̨ͷڶɳ£ȲȺ
ʱ˼
⼸ʵǻƽ֮ģ̻Իͣ£һ֪ȫǼֵƵƷֱ۸ͷ˶Ŀࡣ
⼸ģһֱǬڸݵѺޣȫ˻ͷҪҲͰͷӵҪּ
ֻԼ۸ϵ飬رעҲֻǰմŵļ۸ѡģ嵽ÿһм۸ϵϸ߲㣬ͽȥˣ̸٩ۣʱ۵ĳ
Ķŵ輸ϣЦЦʵϲ˵ģ⼸Ļȥҡ
ͷ۷Ź⣬̾ѣ˵ʵͷ⼸ԼľؼǣʵǻƲӲӵĽӣǱ̵䣬ͷѾЩֵоֵ
ܵ˵⼸Ѿ󳬳ͷԭԤڡ
̷ŵ輸֮΢Цʹ˸ɫ˼۸ͷ̸ۣԼȴ豭
ǰһʱ䣬ҲһܽǱߣҲʱ͹һȻܽͣһĶҲѾ˾ռ˵ġ
ȻۺЩ죬֪Ｔ̾ŪôҪ£Ǹͷ٩ۣŪģôŪģҲ͹˲ȥˡ


688 ûǮ
ԭΪͷӻһһڼǮϸĥһû뵽ͷⶫĻŭţּһͰҪļλ˵ˣʱ͸ȥƽϼǮߵֱͣ۱ۡ
۳Ƭ̣ÿһļ۸ʮ󣬲ಹ˲ֿﶪʧĻʧ
ʹ۰ÿļǮ̧ʮҲֻǸͬв࣬ͷطҲϲĻ˼ҿ϶ͲֹҪʮһ򡢼Ƕпܵģ
۱Ǯ֮ѯһǮۣͷҪʮҵһΣ۴һԼӹμ֪˼Ρ
ЦЦһж
⵹ʮҵǮͲǮʵϣҲ㵽ˣʮҵμڴԭϵƷԼʮҵеĳɱһҲǮ
Ǯ۸ոһڣĶҪͷ˵ҲֻëëǮˡ
ëëǮ˸飬ʹͷĻ·ţһıʾԼҲ˵Է⣬ǹһ鴫ԺЩȦѣԻܡ
װӣϸĵذͷӰѼƷװãĲ˼һ۰ǧ˰ٿӹ
ӱֻа࣬ڼǮͷȻеӵͣ۰͵ģͷȻҲֺǺǵĽˡ
ֻɣϼһȥˣûˣֻתˡʲôģǰԼɹЩ£ڸҲ˳˳ģʱһ׮⣬׵ĳɹ
ʱͷӾڲᡰ챦ֻ˵ʲôرϡĻ֪ͨԼһ
һԣ죬Ҫ˵ϸպпûֵͭƣϽһʾ۲Ҫ˵ȥͭڻóҪҵ͵ֿ߲ĶÿͭƣҪͷһ㣬ҲȥǾͶˡ
ͷͷȥĲ˼Ĳ˼ڻǱߣŸСƵ
ЩЦߵĲ˼ߣ˵͵ٿ飬ǹһΣ
û뵽Ĳ˼˵۰ɣ㷣ɣµǵʣͱɾˣˣ¸ٰ׸ɡ
ҸҶǲǣŲͳ㣡װǻƵĺȵ
ϰ壬Ҵˣȥɻ˰ɣĲ˼Ĺĵվȴ޿κε˳һëӣڹ̨ˢ
תͷȥ͵Ц˺һŻعͷȴֳ˵ʰһ£ϼǻ͸ҳȥһˡ
Ĳ˼ǿһһҲŲȥأ˭֪һﰲʲôģ
Ĳ˼ĻᣬĴסЦû˵ģҲǰˣǮѡ
Ĳ˼߲ѣŭˣҰǮҲȱ˰á
˵ĻĲ˼ʵǱòˡ
ֻҲ̲סˣЦ
ЦһɣϼӶÿﶼЩϡʳʲôģĲ˼һɣϼ¼ëӣֱӷ˹ȥ§ɣϼЦ˵ϼҺãЩֻǮˡ
ɣϼݸĲ˼һƿϣ˿Цʵô˼۸ˣ
ûУǱҧһڡĲ˼Ц˵
ǣһԣһĴһ߽ĶĶǡ棬ôˣ˼ӣҧĶˣزɵȥȮ磬˵
ɣϼײһ£ŬŬ죬Ĳ˼Цһš
е˭˭ڱ˵һҿʡ
ֻôһУɣϼĲ˼Цøǿ
ûԼߺߵ˵ϼʲôӣ뷢ʻм죿
ɣϼҲû룬¸һŵʣǷʵӡ
룬˵Ҳãպпգѹʷ˰ɣĿͷ
һ˵ھͷʣĲ˼ɫһӾĲ˼Ĺʣ߿۰˿ۣ¸ûйʿˣӵĹǲ٣䵽ԼģҲֻмٿ㻨ǮģȻľɣϼΪܡˡ
ÿ˵Ĺʣǹ̶ģ˵УҲֻߣһǧԼҲ͸ɣϼһֻǧĹʡ
ֻǼ˹ʲ࣬Ƿֺȴ٣һ£壬ɣϼ˼һ𣬳ʮһҲʮ
ֵĲ˼ʱһԶɣϼǰ˵ģÿ۵ģһҲ٣㵽Ĳ˼ǧĹʣֻʣһǧٿ飬Ĳ˼һƲ֣Ҫ
ﰵЦѣ˺һ˵ˣϼǶԱøѵаģ·ҲһǸʲôʲôʲôġһʱ벻ˣܣҲ߰ǧ飬ȥ
ɣϼ񡱵Ц˺һʵرԱĸ԰ɣǧǰǧ˵׼
˵ͷ˵Ǿ͸һ飬ʡ˼ұ˵ˣܰƤƵġ
ɣϼЦǺǵĵһǮݸĲ˼˵Ҿ˵񡭡Լ㣬һһǧ
û뵽ǣĲ˼ӹһǮһ˳
ǰ˵һǮʮʮĲ˼ҲûûǮʮĲ˼ƾԼһ˫֣һͶɹǮȴһ˵ļ֪һǮģռ˺ܴһ֡
Ĳ˼պǮֳĲ˼˵סˣΪ¸㷢˹ʣҿɸ㣬㻹ڣÿ۵ģһۣóʱһǻԥĳ㡣
Ĳ˼һ±ӣ͵͵Ĵ֪ˡ
һʰһ£ȻҳȥģģҪҵ㵽ʲôʱ򣿡
Ĳ˼ϽӦһȥ任װʲôġ
˵ҪȥɣϼӸ˸ɫ˵ӣҲûʲô飬Ȼȥɡ
Ӽɣϼٿ㻨Ǯţ˵ϼͷŶ֣⼸ٿǮҲֻģʲôģһǴɣʡһȥµ㻨Ǯֵø롣
ɣϼȥͻȥʡˡ
ⲻǲȥһǮ𡭡ЦŴ
һԼ˼ɣϼյ˵Ҹ㻨Ǯ˰ɣҪ٣ȫ㡭
ɵüͷ˵̸˵Ĳİб´ȥͷ硭
ɣϼߵúͷȥҲҶ࿴һ
ӵǺٺٵЦ˰磬˵飬ҿɵҪֽֽ̾飬ⷽ棬ҲǸ֣Ҽǵãڸʱ򣬺Ǻǡǡ
˵꣬ŭӣסڣ¶Цģ
Ӳ̲Ĵףǲֻ׼ݹٷŻ𣬲ðյҸϼǿ˳ģҲ޳ɣҲӦʲôʱȥüʻ֤أǶ㣬ⲻ׵ģֵҿż
ӡЩܻȴƿԡ
˺ðΣǿһ仰ӣȢʲôãʱ򻹲øһǮʡŻҲŲԸء
ɣϼһԣǵס


689 ͷħ
Ĳ˼˳ԷĲ˼ȡĳӣԭΪгӴû뵽Ĳ˼򿪳ţ˵ֱ굽Ĳ˼ĳģĲ˼ߡ
ԼûĲ˼Щʵ
ôĳУ˵ˣ㿪øϴһ
£ôװͰ͵ĸʲôĲ˼һ߷ӣһ߹
˶٣Ĳ˼ûʵϰ壬Ҫʲôطȥ
ЦҲûĵطͿųתưɣȥʲôطٸ㡣
Ĳ˼͵һŲסɲʹ⧲ײڼʻ̨ϣתͷŭˣǲǣ㲻˵Ҫȥ𣿡
ʲô̬ȣĲ˼Ҹ㣬ǹʱ䣬˵ʲôʲôˣôˣͣ˰Щ׶˵
Ĳ˼һ𣬶һֱߣ
㻹Ϊһ㣬飬˼нҪȻߺߡ
ԣҽˣ͸ݲңǲǣ˵⻰ʱĲ˼ֿʼˮ
ĴǵҲȫǣ٣ҵһСƣҲһȫСƣˣˣҲͼʣԣ߱Ҫá
Ĳ˼Ĭ˺һ˵ãҪߣƫߣҪ㿴ҵܲˣǲֻͼʡ
˵ţĲ˼ٴ𲽣ҵѡһ򣬰ѳӿ
̾һ˵ⶼ㣬ǻˡ
Ĳ˼ͷ˺һ˵һ䣺ǰɣãҿ˭
˵ţĲ˼һ̣ѳϷ򿪡
ʱĲ˼Ȼѳӿ˶ͶĸѧУſڡ
ͣóӣĲ˼תͷ˵Բϰ壬Ҫϸϴּ䣬ʲôµĻҵĳߣҲڳҡ
ܵϴּ䣬Ⱳ׵ɣֻĲ˼ɣ޷ܾ
۾ԼϤѧУȴЦЦȥΰٰɣסҵȵ̫á
Ĳ˼һĿ˺һ뿪
Ĳ˼һߣڼʻϱĿŲСʱ
˳ѧУĳ˰̣ȴȻ̺Уһ֧ϣߵһӱϣӾ￴˼Լ̵ͣоԼ̵ͣʵЩѿְѸӽ¨ȥ˼ԣǵóд񿴹ƵĿ
ԭﲻӦĲ˼٣Ҳ֪Ĳ˼Ҫΰ棬мҪʷΰֲԸȥĲ˼˵Լһ
һ·ϲϵĴĲ˼棬ΪĲ˼ԼΰǰĲ˼Լֻû뵽Ĳ˼Ȼ˸ݵģֱӶһˣԼȥҷΰ
ϵģڳһĲ˼ûĥҪΰЩˣϾڷΰѧУҪôܲףοֲķӰѷΰг
ţҪҷΰǵҸᣬԼǻȥţ統Ǳȥ
һ뵽ţ統̡⼸֣ʱһȺů⣬Ҫţ統̣ԼҲ߲һ
ǣԴүӲԭţ統֮ԼҲ;ٹȥû£ȥ
Ҫߣû뵽ӳŴСŮѧһۿΧ
һŮģֱĲ˼Щ죬ȴ벻˭ֻŮȻֱߵǰΪݵ˵
һתͷĴ˿û߻бˣָָԼʵң
Ȼǽˣλ𣿡ŮӳƯ͸Ҳ࣬˵Ҳûаߺա
šһôϵң
ƯŮЦ˵ô᲻ϵôħʦǴΣΰǼҵӿҵǾͼġ
һŮӣǵʱױʷΰҪǩȴΰǳһͨǸŮӡ
һʵʲô֡
ŮЦЦ䣬ҵͬѧ硣
˵ָָݡ۾һͷ̷ر浾Щߣһͷ硣
ôǽ춼ûϿΣţ۾ȴʱȥ磬ɣ˵ϲһŮͬѧҲ磬֪ǲλ
Ц˵ڿΣǼ£ٳģˣʦܾûݵħܲΪǱһһһ۸
䵱ֱˬúܣǽͷֱӾҪ˱ݡ
Ҫܾģֺܺ磬ǲɣϲǸ磬΢Ƭ̣Ц˵ΪǼһħʲô£֪иɣͬѧӦѧڲŽģʶ𣿡
ôһʣ˶ǡ񡱵Цţһתͷȥ硣
ȴǺ޲طȥźõ̬Դ仰Ҳ˵
ҲЩף磬ɣϲλ
Цһ˵ɣͬѧ˺õ˼ʣˣɣ˵磿
ÿɷЦЦĬϡ
ȴЦʵ֣ɣ˵磬һһ㣬ѵһģ
û뵽Ȼôԡ
һ˵Ľλ׸硭
Ļû˵꣬Ц˵ϲɣˣſڡꡯտڡꡯģġꡯ
ҪʳѪƵģͷֱ˭ϲˣҸ֮䣬ֻǾֵĹϵ
һЦ˺ˣɣǾĶֹϵҲãϧҲãû˸ʦһʵħ
֪ɣϲǸ磬ҲǸˣЦʵȻҶôˣ֪λҪĸ͵ħ
˵䶫֮СħʵֵСƣ⼸Сǰ԰ڣûʲô˼ҪԾ׵Ķ
͵ҪЩô˵ҲҪϲΪ˱ݵġ
ƽ￴˧緽ΰݵģʲô»˿ӱ仨֮ģҲûʸУοڷҿҵ쿴ħǼֱˡ
Ҫģǡþִֵ͵ħ
ң仹иܺõɣϴǾʵħԼûֻⱲźڣΪ˱һΣôϷŹôõĻᡣ
ԣҪҪ棬ҪҪǣĵ֡


690 ûҲ
΢˼ƽϣЦЦ˵Ǽ򵥣Ҫһҵ֡
ֻһ׼Ƶһ˵⻹˵ϡ
ϣҲֻҪƵҪԺͬѧ֮ҫʱЦ˵ϰɣʦݣ񡭡
ǺߣƬ̣Ŷ˵ҺܱģŪûẦ㴩
ЦЦû¶ô˵ôˡ
˵ͷĶ·һţȻʵʦ˵գô
ħʵܼ򵥡Ҳأ˵óһߵİƿϣ˵ҶӦúϤ԰ɣҾͬѧһع
˺ǿɵҪױǴϣôױ˵ˣܹױûȥϿΣ⻯ױõٵʱ䰡
ͷ˵ͬѧоƿƣɣ
˵ͷԭΪҪԼæһ£û뵽ȴֻԼơ
ֻȴ󷽣ϣƽǰĴָʳָ΢֦״촽΢ʵ𣿡
˵ͷܺá
漴ܣİƿ͵
ƿ֣ǰǱһӵһ㣬첻ķɵ΢΢һȵĽסƿ
ֻһ֣ˣѾۡĴǰƾ˸ƿѾ˾ȵˣڰƿԶ䵽򵥣ϸϸѾˡ
˵ħݣ붼׼һµʲôģκ˶һ׼ߵʱʵҲܿʱ򣬼ǷΰҲƲ
ħûκ׼ƺ߶׼ŵģ־óһƿ㹻˾ˣ˵Ǵϣ̨ϣǼ˱ݣƿշ𣬻ɵƵģá桱֣ݡ
ֻûϵǣ⻹ֻһͷ
ӵƿһɲǣͻȻƮһͷ׵Ļ꣬׷ģʣȴ˿У˷·ڻС
˶ɻ̧ͷȥͷҪȥƮĻ꣬ǴӺδ
˾治ѵǣ֪ʲôʱͷϾȻһϼ⣬Щ꣬ǴһϼƮġ
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סˣ۾ģ˵װ硱ɹ磬ʵ̫þĶǡ
ȴʼ֪֣ĺôԼﲻȥȴҪôһԼĻø硣
վ֮ϣԼҲ־Щţֻо֮ͬ˿֮ϣ࣬ȴȵԼ΢һϱͷ׵ĻƮ䣬䣬ǰһ׾СһȵסԼ
ߣƾһճ㽥ʧȥĲĶǲ״
䡢硢ĸ·ϣݵıݣĿȴһ¹ʡ
һĸŮ·㲻մص磬ڽ£ϼһʱ֮侪ϣһע⣬ײ·ߵͰϡ
һ۳ҲǼʻԱóҲǲ֪ķһᣬ¡һײ档
¹ʣϽŵʵأ漴ܣʾ⻹˸Ͻ뿪
¹ԭʶմϹϵѧٳģһʱ쵽ˣ¹ô˵ҲǼģȻʲôΣ鷳վٲ˵ġ
ֻû뵽ûǱŮ˾³۳һӾˣ˶û࿴һ۱Լ׬ϵıֱ˹
˻عҪߣȴеλš
û䣬ǸŮ˾ӳ̽ͷеͷӣôġ
˻ͷһۣȥǸŮǸˣЦе˵λл˵
߲ˣֻûͷң
Цǣ
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ٴЦ˵ʣղţ﷢һУӦǼλĹͰɡ
̫˵˼ֻĴײҿûʲôϵ
ǡ΢΢һ٣Ͻ͵ģǽƣǺҵƬ
˵ţƴ¶һƬһһŵĵݸˡ
ͭǸšĽӹƬֻһۣ㾪
⡰ͭǸš˵ûʲôǶ˵ǿɾͲڿϵ۵ǰҲӴ˸ת䡣
Ҫ֪ͭǸţͷ֮⣬ؼĻǿԱݺʵĴ϶ǵӰ³ļƬ֮УҲǵԱʵ֮ǿɼһߡ
ԣ˵ܽͭǸţӰȦȫ룬ƣǡþܹʵϵۡ
ֻǻûʾǸŮӳ˳һѳסƣŭͷӣҵĳײҡ
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û뵽ǸŮŭǮǰɣҲǺģײĳӣһҪ㲻ҲһƤ
⸾Ůʹ̲סϡϴҲŮײ̸ģ󻹰һ٣ҪʱĲ˼绹Ǿݣ治֪ʲô
뵽ɵİ
ƫƫʱǸŮ绰˸룬漴ŵ绰ŹǷ㣬߳ӱײˣײҵåúܣŹɵø
һ⸾Ů绰һҪҵ˾ǾẒ́ƵɫʱƶԾŹҲǼɵ
һ⸾ŮȻҪѾŹ̧˳ֲɰЦ
⽯ײ˷ĳӣԭҲûٹϵԭҲȥõ磬ֲ˺棬οȺĲ˼ԭеģӣû¶Ҳ¶ˡ


691 ȸ״
ȽƸִתͷ˵ܲܽ绰һã
ԥİֻݵǰ˵ɣ
ӹ绰΢һۣϲӵĵ绰ȵ绰ͨˣŷӻճɣϼ绰ӺЩʵ磬ʲô¶𼱻ǵģ
ЦЦ˵ӣŹ̵ĵ绰㻹ǵðɣ绰˵еС鷳ڸѧУſڵ
ӳһæʵ磬ʲô鷳ҪҼæ
û£һײˣԷЩ̫Ǻǡ㶮õġ򵥵˵ô仰͹˵绰
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˵绰ո߽һЩû뵽Ҳ˳һˣԵľŹ̷á
Һ⼸ﾭһЩ֮󣬺࣬ҪȻֱӾҪø
󣬷ȻһƨϣͰصĿ޽
Һضεĳ˲Ǻܶ࣬ҪȻΪ۸һŮ
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ҡҡͷ˵ֻ·
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Ц˵Ǳħܾʣ԰ɣǿһӾʵĴϷ
ڵϺصãƼȷҾ壬ã˵ԼԸȫ⣬ȴģȴǷиẒ́ԭȴֲΪ˵Ҳ
һҲұֻܸɵſһ֮ô
ȫȻȥõķ㣬ֻһЦ
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һ˶ŵɫҰףҲѵļ磬ʱ򷴶쳣ţ͵͵óֻĻʼ¼ֳΡ
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ӵȭͷԼؿֻвһʱȻһͦţֻ硱һм䣬Щϸ΢ĹС
һĵĺ˼һƨڵϡ
ӳһæתͷȥŶʹ˸ɫһ׹Ҳȥˣֻеոȥ蹷ҧˡ
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ӷһ㣬ҽȥֻ˵ֻ֣Ƭֵָֻ̹ͷǹͷѣѪܣʹûܹܵ˵ġ
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ŮҲﲻɲţͳֻҪȱ
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ߺߵǰ˵ײʲôģֳ飬֣Ҷء
ǾԱҲӵķֱ磬ȵ̧֡ͷָ
ͷŭǲǱһҪ϶Ǵ˵İɣĵ𣿡
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˵ţҲӵķŭ˼Ƭ
ǾԱֽйƣ˵Ҳһָ
ʱ΢΢̾һ˵ͬ־ײ顭
û˵꣬ǾԱꡱȻ˻֣˵ײײӵ飬ô֣רŵĲܣֻܴ˵顣
ڵϵǾԱȴӶҲȥߣ漴Ӻͽ˵ߣǻȥ
ŭƾʲôǻȥǲܺˡ
ǾԱһŭ漴ȴֻһɫЦ˵֪㲻ȥ˵ʲô֤ףҲ뱻ԩ԰ɡ˵ˣû˱ҲԼȻ˾Ҳ¡


692 Ȧ
ӻҪֱ磬̾һ˵СֵܣԲˣһᰲʦ˵䣬ʡõʱ˿ӡ
Ҷô죿ɲ޵˵
ڵϣȲҲ˵Щֵǣ˵ӸŹ̴˵绰ôˣҲӦЩǵҲûţپǿǾԱԵľƫ̻ߣѵԼֻҪŹֻƽ߶ǲȥ
ȻƵݲͣվֻһȦˣעģɾĸ飬οѵģǽƺܼɵľŹôԣƣ飬ʲôΪջԼ
΢Ƭ̣ǾԱȰ˵֮ʣתͷҪ˵绰˸绰ȥ
һٲϾǾԱЩǿаƵϣҲܻڵҪˡ
绰ӵվߵԱߣҲǾԱӦӦֱӾ˽ȥ
ǾԱתͷŭʲô㲻˵ôôȥҽԺ
ĴҲ㲻ʲôôƫ̻ǣͲ鷳
ǾԱ·ЦܺãҼ˵ĻˣȻǼִһҪǣÿ˶ǵ飬̬ȣߺߡ
һȰСֵܣǣǷģһ˵޹أǶһЩʡԽԽ
ǾԱһЦ漴ӣʱ㽫ӡ˴ɳ
Ĳ˼ԭ飬Ҳһ¶棬̾˳
һֵľԱС֣ǺʵСô㣬ʲô
ЦЦָָԼ˹ǸԱʵİɣ
С֣˵ͷϸ²ŹģСǣ
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˵ϡǱȽϿ˵ʵϣڲһ϶Ƿ˲Żᡰܡõһֳ
ĳ˵ǸԱѾ϶Ƶ˲ײ˷ĳӣ϶ӵŹ˷Ķӡ
ǸԱ֮С֣񶼱˺ܶ࣬ȥС֣һЩС֣Ҳֻǵķ˼䣬漴С֣ɴʶ㿪
ŽƸǰϡһǽϹŵִڱ֪Լ˹ǸԱ裬ְ񻹲ͣĸ
ֲС֣ϡԶԶرܿˡ
ĥ˺һֻӳͱһİľԱߣҲһҪֿѶʵĽࡣ
ֵϣһŮԱҪֻûŮԱҪ绰룬Լĵ绰뱨ŮԱ漴һȽϰķ䡣
һŮԱվűߵǽϣ桢߲ƬǼ¼ָƣǲɼѪ
һа׵ˣİ칫ңˣЦ˵ţʵǹҲѯһµʱ
һ˵һߴ򿪵ԣ㿪ĵ༭˵㣺α֤֤ǶΥΪ뱣֤˵˵һУʵЧзЧ⣬ҲԳʾƵͼƵ֤ݣ𣿡
Ȼ֪һһʼƫ̻㣬ԼԭǺ޹ϵ˵˵ٻ֤ʲôģҲȥɣмȥɣ
ԣ˵ͷף
ãǾͽܵ飬һϸĵ¼һ˵һ߿ٵĴ֡
һˣʵ
룬ʵʵĴһԱѧУſڣѧѧŮӣΪϲұݵħĿԣΪһ¡
Ļû˵꣬ĻͷʵǣԷ֫ͻʱǱһмˡ
룬ʱĶӳִ˵ʱǲףʹ˽һȭԼǸʱӲ˵Լߡ
ЦЦ˵Ҳ˵ʱˣԷֻһ˸Ƿ֫ͻ
ֱ˼ŮӶֻѧģʲôϵ
赭˵Ҳֳ
ŭǼѧйϵ𣿡
ЦЦ˵ûйϵⲻ˵ģֻһ·ˣҲ¼ڰȷڵʵԡ
ŭҪʵǰɣ͵ʵʵǣǸѧ·ˣ˭֪ôǸ㿪ųһͷײͰʹúɲ׷βײײ֮Ƿˣˣã˵˼ײʲôģȻ˼ҿ¹бչ˾˼ҲԸ⳥˭֪ĶӸϹ׾Ͷִˣʵʵʵ
һ죬˰Σ˵˵ˣǵȨޣֻǴܵ飬ײ飬˭Σ˵㲻ʲôʲôȨ϶˭Σһ㣬е飬Ӧûϣעһ̬ȣ
ߡһ˵
漴ʵһǷ֫ͻʱľΣסſں˵ĻֻԼɲľ档
ֻðѵʱһһʮĸ˳˵꣬ŷЦ⣬Ц˶ĵļթ
ʱһǰһԱԵݸһϣǼҳϿ˿ЦЦʾԱ뿪
ԱߣЦ˵ݲṩϢ϶˵˼ٻУ̬ȣߺߣȨʱ㣬ˣҰѲϸ㣬Ϊû⣬ǩ־ͿˣĻǾġ
˵ţѸոյ̸¼ӡ
ʱŲϹһţ˵ԼûĻǩ֡
Ѳϸһ飬¼ģԼơԼ䡢˵ʱΣ¼÷ǳΨĶӶִⷽȴǳģէһ֮£ȫȡ֣˴ˡ
ĲϣλϿɣ£ЩϷŻصϣ˵Ȼ˵Ҫ֤ЩϵʵԣΪʲôֵߵǷǣڰײ֣
ЦԲϣǩ֣һУǶѾ¼ڰߺߣԲĻǾˣҪ鷳Ļ죬죬ÿһǶ̸һΣ
Ц˵ƽ򡭡
ҲЦΪ͹ˣߺߣһвңҪ֪ǸʲôģطרŶԸаĵطһ飬֣ǩǲǩǩ֣ͿˣҪǲǩĻ
ԾһߵǷǵ壬ҪǩˣǾǰѲȦ֣ͣ´Ҳȥǩ


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ܾǩ֣ͷ˵ãúõ˵ɣסҪ˾ηǱӣߺߣҲûã׷ӲŶˡ
ûҪܵ˼Ҫߵ˼ûУ£ؼûҪȥܣֻģûڲֺֺЦԼҪǾܣ˭Լа취
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Ƭ̣Žϵǲֻ˳Ļ¼ܻڹ΢΢ЦЦ¼ȻְֻսǬ
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칫ҵǸģƫƫȥʱûŹϣֻţһ˵̽עۼԾú
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һȴЩĵѹ˵鲻Ū֪սǸˣҲЩˣôŪһ
˵żһЩ죬վһȸţټ˿ѹԣֱֻܷһ˵Ȼ죬һȴʵ벻˭
˵κ˶лɵȨɣҵõ飬ҷڵְ˵սǸˣΪҲ׷βɵĺԸеǱߣҾò׷ʲôˣصŵСϣܲҵʲôõϢ
ѹøͣҲֻǿǿõС֣˵СƨıӣпܸǱͬĹϵһʹẒ́Ź˵߶˵ԡ
СƨŹҲйϵһһҲ̧˲٣ŹҲйϵ£ûƵģչհʲôģȻвͨˡ
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˺һŵ˵ǸӵܺôؼϵֶǩҪӦȫ⣬¡
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ʱٴνϵɫȴһ߽ϡ硱һƣȵûУˣʵЩ
ﰵķЦȴĴҪôʵ
ߺߣˣͷǲǣ㣬¶Ѿ˲ٵʵ㣬Ǿ̹״ӿҸ˵ʱ򣬺ߺߣ͵ŵù
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㲻ʲô˼ҸɣǷĸӼаԵĵУŹ̿ȥˣܹˣ˼㹫ƽĴ飬Ȼ̫ںǮҪǿȥȫʲôģ޶ӳ㶼Ρ
ЦеģһҪ˵ģ˵˳һɫһӱһ˺죬ϣ˰ŭ˵˵˵˵˵˵Щʲô
ǺǡЦЦ˵˵ôˣװ治ҪҪҸٽ͵ϸһ
־£޶ӳԼأô֪ģ
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̾һֽ˵˵Ƿǲ֣ߵڰҲͰˣôô񶾵ҪңҸгô
һ麹תͷȥȸţʵǸ㲻Լոպ޶ӳ̸ôһֲ©Ķˡ
ѹס裬ֵЦЦʵзǳԵ֤ݣ֤ͷβǷǱȡ֣Щ֤ݣǲܽˡ
֤ݣһеĽеΪʲôó
˵⻰ʶԼⲻǰ˵ô˵˲ܽԼģòóô
ЦЦ˵ԩ޳ҲĿԽԽԶ֤ôҿԸ㿴ֻܿ
˵ţֻó㿪¼ǶƵȻԼֻٵǰ
ֻŴƵʮ룬Ťͷ󺹵Դִеҿ˭֪ʲô߰Ķ
˳ջֻƵպֻЦ˵ҪʾƵƵ֤ݣҰ˵ˣ㲻Ը⿴£Ǻǡ
˵գ˫ֱԴȣӱһеʵǷݲϣȫͬԣȨܾǩ֣Ҫһ𣿡
Щ࣬˺һź޵˵ţȥȥ
۾ȥҪȥʲô
ֻճţܣԼʶ
˰칫ңԥƬ̣ǰ˼ƿһ칫ҵš
칫ң鲻һֻͷһţȷǹغõģֻ˸룬绰һͨȲ˵ôģô˸ץס˰ѱ
绰Ƿӵģôһ˵ʱ˵ʲôѱץסҶӶ򵽹ˣ㻹˵ʲôѱʲôԵģ˵裬ܲܰ죬ܰұȥ
ε˵ȱæ˵ŹǱߵʲô̬ȣ
һ˵ҶӱˣʵʲôŹǱߵ̬ȣ˵ˣŹǱߵ̬ҲԵĺܣԼŰ졭ԼŰ죬Ҳ˵ôˣʲôŹ̶Ҷš
̾һ˵㣬˾Ź̵˼˰ɡ
˵꣬Ǳ߼˵Źҵãô˼˵ԼŰ죬Ǿôô죬ʲô˵ģˣҲ׷ǵֻҪ⳥ҲǿǸŹҲЩϵķϣǻңȻĻȥ״Ρ


694 ӦҲӦ
̾һȲЩúŪˣԸһһףòϣοﻹֱܹΪ֤ݵƵ¼飬ŪãɾǴҶԲ˶ߵ¡
һӣƽͺйˣ˵ʲôҲ׷Źε飬ⲻǸΪԼССĸô
ŵ绰ת˺һС˵㣬ֻЩģŹǱʲôʣҾãӦˣһЩ
Ǳղѣ裬ǼƽҲ㲻鵽˹ؼʱ̣˵Щߣôûôǣˣ첻ˣԼȥϺ
㣬ǡιι軹һ£ǱҶֻ
ջѣԼҲͰˣ㻹ԼѴǳֺͷ
ЩЩڣΪʲôһͰ⵵Լĸ޶ӳظ֤ġ
ֻҲûʲôôˣȫİ취źá
Ϻֻ֡߶
˺һְֻҳɽĺ룬˳ȥɽĵ绰ڹػ״̬Ʋڿʲô顣
ɽߵĵ绰ͨ跴һԼͨȻҲͨ٣棬ԼռҪǱںɽǰԼһֱͨӾӰԼںɽе
£򿪶Źܣɽ˼仰ⲻȡϢһתͷһ۽յķţ漴ֳ˼˺һŻصߡ
ϣ˯ú㣬΢һӣ̲סһŭ
һʱȻ˯žüֱǶԼӣ
˺һصĶ½ţ·ԼոջƵģ黹ûء
ֻ۾裬ƺԺһ䣺ˣţǸ˸Ѫͷɣ
㡭ûͷûԵһ仰ͻȻûɵðһɺ⣬˵ʵˣöˣûһǸӲԣģ治Լܰڵƽˡ
üζԼһҪƽ£ãһΣԼְˡ
ְ壬ǣһ飬Լʹһ鶼ߣԼҲᱻְţֱе÷ǡ
˺һŻ˵С飬һٲȡϵ̬ȵĻҾֻܰϽӦҵ˼ġ
໹Щ۾ȴЦ˵ɱ˵ҲϣҿǸϵúܺõģֻǷݲʵ̫û취ͬѣһҪУٺ٣ҽȥҲûʲôԣ
СŭôѪˣҪס˵ĻҪġ
һ跢ŭЦЦҪ۾
ҾûôֳӲġһ䣬ôһ䣬һȴûġ
۾Ц˵ֳӲǾ޹ܺһ㣬¶ҶװԺôȥ
㡭ղѣһǻŭȴ޴ɷɵá硱һȭϣһֱѹŲϽΪ㻹ᣬ֪һζʲô˵齻ȥǾͳһ֮е۵㣬Ӱ쵽ԼӰ쵽ĺ󱲣
˵Ҿ˹ˣңһ޹ܺߣ˴ˣȻһ۵㣬ǺǡЦǺЦ
˵ðɣҾ͸ͽͣΪʲôһ֮е۵㣬ȣ֫ͻһɱ˵ʵ
˶٣˵֫ͻУ˵ȫʵȶ֣û£ȴˣһˣۣһ㲻ϰɡʵɣҲиΡһ㣬㲻᲻װɡ
ЦЦҪǹͬô˵ģԼҲȷӲΣ˵ģȴһʵǾԼû֣ûУֺķ
ֻȥ磬ΪЩϸڣԼ˳ֻҲƵ¼ĥ˷ѿ࣬һСĻӡ
˵ǿһ˵Ҳʵ˵ˣŹǱߣҲ뿴Ұ鳶òʰǱߣȥҰѴ»СС»ˣǼҪǾһһĵĻǩ֣һǮ͹ȥˣҶĵĹӡ
һģҲ𻰣ΪЩҲʣҪǮĻԷҪǮ֮ġ
û뵽ǣһڣȻ˵㻹ǰҽȥɡ
㡭
ô򵥵һ仰Լһġһ͡Ӳǡ¿ηΣ
ִ󰡣һ˵Ź̵Ҳ豩źȵ
ЦЦ˵ȣҪŪһǣҸŹǱߣҲûʲôϵֻǾϹһѣǮβ˺ˣǮҲûʲôϵˣԣòſ˭ӡ
˵ˣ飬Ҳ˵Ҳ⳥ʲôģʲôҪôˣӦҲӦǲִǰɣ룬ԽԽá
һĻƺƷ˼ѰζƺһﶼֻѰԱĳ˵Ա˼ҲûУƷ㣬Ʒ㣡
˵ǰֻմĳ˵ĹϵֳӲмܣڲãʵڿӣһĿӣӣ㽫㣬Լһ붼ȥ
ʱĵȫĿյôĲܸѼı硣
㡭㵽ס롭ҪʲôȻŬֵȻһЩǹɺ⻹費Ľ
һЦʵҸĸҲûԩûģǶӷ蹷һ㣬˾ҧȻûҴʲôǸҵǸҲͷŹˣһҲûôСҪھ͹̵ķϣֻҪ⳥ȻĻǻȥ״Ρ
豾ͬڱ֮ɪɪƫƫ仰һ˵ֱӵ֮УҪֹͣ
仰Լ绰ʱţ仰ֻԼһˣǣھ˵˳ѵԼֻװ
ֻǣҲûǸܰ
趶ֻȻҪһ£ǲֻ⡣
ֻǸհֻóȴһϢ


695 Ԥıı
ϢǺɽģȴ̸ʲôָʾֻж̶̵һ仰ڿᣬϾ鴦
ԭҪֹͣǿָһЩ漴ȴֲס³
ָΪɽڻˣҲ˵ԼԷǱߣȡһ٣ɽڻУûаǱֶԼ˼
ǣֱ³ͳڡ鴦ĸ棬顱Ρ顱ǡáǱߵ飬ǡáߵ飬ʵƽ鴦
輱ٵؿЩľԴ룬ߣĵλͲ˵ˣ˼ʹϵǲҪ˵Ẓ́ǸɽҲЩ飬ֻˣ÷ڲ֮أ޶ӳ֮Сɫ͸ˡ
ǻ˵ߣƺûѾŹ̵ӹϣûѷԲ׼ǣǡǡǺɽ⿴Ƽˣʵȴģɵ̬ȡ
ΪѾȷİ·͵ɽֻϣ춫һҲϵ̬ϸڡ
Ҳ˵ɽ˼ŸߵĽ飬ûаϸĻžͻָʾøȷһЩ٣ԺɽƽＵе磬˵ϼӳʹĳĳߡͲˡ
ڣɽƫƫֻģģ˵˾䡰鴦УҪ˵ɽûϵǿ϶Ϲ
һʱ֮ܲµ͸ɽ뷨
Ρ顱ԴϺˮ乵
ȥȴҲЦЦĿԼ
˺һǿһ˿Цݣڨڨ˵С˰ɣҪȵǱȥһ
ЦŴʵҲͦİյҲãܲȡˣɽô˵
ŵòԼµûɽȻйϵңӣϵһ
ʱڵ˼£֪ɽйϵԼô
﷢ǣ֪ҲǸְһ飬ø˳ȥ²ˣҪԼԳºˣŪԼ߸˿ҪΣա
Ǻð
Ϊʲô֪ǺɽĶţ趼ѾûȤȥ֪ˣô֪ģԼǰҪ
ǺãɣСأеҪ뿪һ£ҲҪھطһ¶УֻҪӰ˹⣬òҪ̫Զ÷ϵ
ѻ˵ˣҲΪҪǻˣ˵ôžǺõˡ
ӦһǺðɣȥæ
ԭ㶥߳칫ңԣ˰칫֮ɴ¥ݣ¥ƽ̨ȥˡ
飬ʵ̫Ҫ徲һ£ѡһ˵¥ƽ̨ú鵽׸ô
̫˿Ѿ˺ܶ࣬¥㲻ͣһ紵Զ¥Ҳˬ
һ轥ƽ΢˼һֻĺ룬˺һŵ˷
绰ͨˣû˵㵹˵裬ôˣҿɸ㣬Ҷ˺ܴĴ̼ھǴӦǮҲøΡҶӵָ֣ͷȫˣҡҼ׵ķŹǡ
ȷòˣƽ˵㣬һ£ǰǲǵǰ
軰һ䣬ŭʲôˣʲôˣ˸ӶŵģҵǸʲô⻰ʲô˼˵пǶⱨ԰ɣԣһǾǶⱨ
̾һ˵㣬ûô򵥣սģͭŵľ
֪ԽԽǼһССžôҲŹ̵ӡҪôҸŹ˵ˣô
ǣиˣС費ѵķ㣬ƽ˵Ǹ˽˵ǾȹŹ̼λ֪ɡ
һӴӼгĬ˺һ˵ô
βסЩҡ
ֻǷ̬ϵת䣬Ԥ֮е£Ҳ⣬ȷ΢һֲ˵㣬Ǳߣ㰲ŵôˣ
ͨĵ绰ϢҲûأԭķ㣬ǻ˸Ƶģࡣ
Цһ£˵ֵǸһһϢֻһ仰ֻ鴦
㵹ǲʵ˵ָϵҲ
ȻĽ̸軹ǵ˵ͷûĵ绰Ҳûҵĵ绰ֱӸһضţм䣬뵽ʲô𣿡
뵽ʲôȻվǴλãҲԽӵɽϢȻͲͬһԶ
ٴοЦһ£һǰʲôطǸһǱס˻ᡭ
˵ǳǼҡǼλģԤıġ˵⻰ʱ򣬷ͿʼЩ
ϾĸӲ磬ѵģʼǷϹĵλ˳Ԥıĳֻ˵һ⣬˼ҪǼһˡ
Ҫ˼һ˵飬ҲľսҲֲ÷㺦£ĸƽĵУϹȻҲʲôö㺦£ҲȻѡ
ֻǷҲ벻ʲôطŻôҵı
ʱԽƽ룬˵Ҳ˵ˣԩ޳ֻӲ׵Ĵˣ˵ֻҪǿϵǸҲͲ׷ȥˡ
ҶǴʱŶָͷġҸǸһڣ֪Լ˵©죬Ͻֲ˵û°ɣ
ԼĶʲôУֲǲֻ֪ƽĸӼû϶֣ЩҲֻһֻ۱һֻۣŶӣټϸոշ˵©죬ΪʲôôôӲˡ
Ҳ˵ӦôôӲֻԼм䲻˰ˡ
ҴȻȥĻһЩʱ׼㣬ܹ뵽취Ļ;ȥɣҪȻԽϵþãֻҲӣ
˵İԼĴ㣬ԼԷĹȰ˵˳ԼҲְּܹѳȥĻԼ
㵹ǲϾʹ˹˵绰ǺίʵҪǸǸûбҪˣ
ֻúĵش˿ûܵʲô˺Ҳ׿˵ֻҪǸϣһϣʲô¶пܻᷢ
Ӧһ䡰ǡŹ˵绰ֻǲ֪ǴǸ£Ҫȥİ취
绰ظһ
ǸԼҲԲˣؼԲźá


696 »С
绰˺һ¥׼ȥ̽̽Ŀ
ֻһ¥迴ŮΧˡ
ŮһѶϹɣϼһȴԭҪԷȥѩ˵˶ɳ˻æĸ˹
ѩ⼸ѩ㵽ȥˣôӰûһѩ˵⼸ʵĲ˼һҲûȥ
ô£˶һߣ˵ƽ޹ʵı˴˲˵
ɣϼӣЩģһԹӣôһžʹܣʲôôͲܺúõȥ˵ء
ѩȴһߣʲôƻ
ƽ޹ʵİ򣬸ƽ޹ʵĽܱԩʵʵسֻ˵Ҫʲô
һ㣬ѩ֪úģԣѩŻʲôƻ
ȴ˵Ϊǰײ̸棬״һٳԼҪúõʰһ㣬¶˵գһ˵ԼⱨҲԵԼ̫Сˡ
ԣҲͰ¶ԼҴţֻ˵顣
νļƻſں˵˼䣬ѩ
˵ţ˵Сһ£̸̸
ЦЦѩ˵ȵǱһ£һ
һΣûǰǼ칫ңǴңȻĳ趼࣬칫ȥ壬űϵ
ã軹Եһ棬Ц˵СҸոȥ˽һ飬ܵ˵ԵһĲ죬Ҿ;ðɣô˫εġ
˵ʵҲǿɴСģ˵Ҫ󣬾ܹϷֱͥ׷εĳ̶ȣ˵ҪСɣʵҲһ仰飬˵û˳˳ʲôҲûˣС˵ǲ
ЦЦ˵ͷһҲûҪ·ϱƵϰߣ
ЩĻشЦ˵Ҳ˵ʵģҪСչǿҪ󡯵ķ԰ɣô飬ҿô㿴òã
˶٣ֲ˵ҲãҲãܵ˵ԷסԺۣҲˣˡ徫ͻʮǮõȥ˵ȥöԷ½ʲôģԺֻͣҪǲ׷¶˽ˣ
ôһӣҲû鷳Ҳˬˣ΢΢һЦ˵
ǰ˵ȻǱľ涼ԺˣҲûдڵıҪˣ԰ɣ
ֻЦҡҡͷ˵ʮǮõȻԺ͡ȷ޵Ҫ󣬲⻰˵ǹҰɣҪǵĻҵȷԲٸһʶˡ
ոպһ裬һֺ漴˵ҪԸĻ⵱ȻҲûʲôԣܵ˵ҲãҲãҶڰõķչ԰ɣ
УҾ͵ȷǺǡЦЦ˵
ȻͬˣҾȥǷĹҪһЩʱ䣬һȡٶȥ죬룬С㻹ȷǵ棬˽ߣ𣿡
Цеվ˵
ͷЦ˵ȥɣеʱ䡣
һ̸ֻ˲ʮӣ뿪ˡ
̾ӭȥʵ磬ô˵
Ц˵˵ȥĹǵǸȻ¡
ֻǸˣӵ۾е磬ôôί͵Ǹˣ㡭˵ĵҲ̫˰ɡ
ɣϼӱӣ㻹Ҫô
ѩһüͷʵֻҪǸⲻ簡
ƤЦⲻЦĴ˵ĻҲţҪŪͷȥܲȥ
Դʲô˼
ѩ˵ͷ⻹࣡
ɣϼȴɻʵ㲻˵ֻȶԷǸˣôô
ЦЦ̾һ
ʱƸһԱĶӴһȭǣҲһ飬ɫԵЩɥ
ǸԱҲûȥ࿴һˣֻǵĶԽ˵ȥҽԺˣܵӰסһʱ䲻Ҫ浽֪𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷӦǸԱˣתͷ̾˵ƣͭžû뵽ħʦ棬Ȼ£ǣǶԲǡ
ЦЦƲҪɣȥҽԺɡ
ҡҡͷȴ˵˵Ĵͭħһ֦㣬պýϴиᣬ֪СԸԸǺ
ЦЦ˵ײ˳ӣΪ¶
û˵ֻһĵͷ
Ϊˣʱͷҡͷ˵úù
һ˵ϴˣ굽ǰʵϽһδǱ꣬Ǻǡ١
ЦЦȴһԷֳɣҲϡ
ô֣ô򣿡Ȳʵ
ǷֳɵĻ͵ҪʣʸߣֳɱҲԽߣڸгǩԼ˲ŻеĴϵĻǾѣһγʮʮģҲмʮϰġ
˵ô࣬ƶ̲סӣ˻˻˼
ҡͷ˵ǩԼˣϳĻҵǿԳóʱ䣬Ǻǣ̨ӣʮ֡磬Ǯǲ࡭
ȴ͵ظһưˮΪʲô˶õǸǮ
ӣȴϽ˵֪ǲںǮһԼĻᣬСĹǣǻᾡ취װټһЩ򵥵ѵǰԼһµĸ߶ȡλⶼǾнϸߵԱǱʣֻҪԼھ򣬽ͱضϱ
̾һ͵Ӻ˵˵ʵҸֻµ˵ˣȦҲûǸȤ
ʲôһȤΥԼȤ飬ǿȣʹţҲܸɵɫһ㣬֪ģԥľ;ܾҲö˵ټֻʹֻ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ɣǶҵƬҪʲôʱⷽȤʹ绰֪ͨңһӭ
ˣ飬ʵǶԲλˣһҵʦǼһЩΡ
Ϊ飬Ƹ֪߷ʲô飬ƵĵǸ׼ʦ˼ΣЩǽƵĻֻǽƲ֪飬ԶҪӵö࣬˵Ѿ˽ƵΧ
߶˼䣬Ƹ˴δ˸кŶһȥҽԺ


697 ŭ
֮󲻵ʮӣһɫɣɿ˽һ۾ŹİЩݵˡ
˴̤߽Ŀһۣ¶һ˿ײ΢Ц漴񴰵ѯ˼䣬Ȼתͷ¥
һˣûɵ̾Ϣһ
Ӹɣϼһ˵ŽƵȦǮ£ֻѩע⵽ϵı仯
ѩҲţֻĵʵô£
̾һ˵㲻ǵˣǳǸϵģ
˵пҲֽѩһ£Ȼ˵ȷĲ˼˵ĶϳֹңǸһȥġ
ԸɣҪȻҿЮӱˡ̾Ϣŵ˵
˵ţҲЦݣֻЦһЩթ
Сһ¡Ц˵
Ӧһá
Ȼǲֻ˳ظѩ˵ҰⲿֻãҪĶ
ѩ΢΢һ漴պֵֻһ䣺ҪҪҰȥ
ҡҡͷѾɽˣҲû˿ɷֻǵǱŷ֤ݣұţʱá
豾Ѿ¥ݣٳûתͷе
ϣҲû˵ֱص칫ҡ
һ칫ң̾һ˵治֪ǵҪôȥһģǳԱ˳šСԲ𣬷Ǳߡ
˵꣬˵ǱߣϹϴ԰ɣߺߣʵ¶Ҳǲ󣬲гĶˣһҪȥ״Σ԰ɣٺ٣Ҿֻüķ㵽ˡ
Ҳ֪һţһ˵©ֻϽָĿ˵⣬Ҳֻ֪һС飬Ҳû˵ôأ飬мεĻᣬֻҪܵãǲʲô¶ûˡ
Ц˵ô⣿
ҪĻǵÿ˫ܴһ¾ͳɣʵڲܴһ£Ҳ͹ܲʱԼϷͥȥ̾˿˵
˸ЦǺ°Ϸͥȥء
С㻹ᣬ˵Ϸͥһ仰ϷͥҸ㣬Ϸͥĵ֪٣˵ʵɣ˵Ĺϵͱһ˾˭ܺõȥԵһգ㻹ᣬһȰòã
ĵȰȻʲô֪̬ôӲģҲֻСȰȰͷϴãʵȰˣҲͲΡ
ֹסЦʵ͵ҪǹҵǸҾʲô˵ˣϢ˵̬ȣڣɱ֣»СС»˵ĻҲôգ飬ߺߣҵҪܲͭһ졣
ǺαءŬԼƽļȰ֪Źֵ̡ĹϵڵʲôЩ˶ôѡѵͲǸʲôơ
ɫ˵ˣʵ˵ô࣬㵽Ҫô
ܼ򵥣˵ȥǵǸȻһЩ⳥
ĴҲȥģУȻ̶ȣǾͶԲˣҵҪҲü룬Ҹ˵ǸҲˣҪǸǾ͵ùĵǱǸҽ׷ȥ
Ҳ̲סˣվŭ˵ôôһˣǸǸ;ֵ˰
ٶ˵Ҳȥһۡ
޴֮ʣǰǸˣŽ
һˣһְ̾һ
ߵߣ΢΢һͷϽվÿԼλá
΢΢˵ͷҲϣĿһȴ˵ֻ۾ӾƬ涢˵Ҳ㶢һӡ
ҪǱ˱һôţһЩңֻû뵽ֻ̧ͷһۣ漴ǰһ㣬Ŷȣһ˫ֱԴϣ۾Ҫ˯
Լٴһ΢΢һЦ˵ʮ꣬ĸ˫ľ̸ǰ֪ʲôԭѧ漴뿪ܼңֵϰţ򶫵˵̣˺ϹɣԷ
˵ǳһ˵ô࣬мȻûаͣ٣˵Ƶġ
˵ЩƽȻȽϸһҲò죬ֻ΢΢۾ʵûУ
Ҳ˵֪ܼҳ֮ʣǿ޷ģΨһֵǮĶţ򶫣õĻҲ̸ռˣ԰ɣǣڶ̶̵ļ֮䣬ȴۼʮڵʲ⼸µУֻк̵ܶʱܸͭңЩ޶ʽ·УЩʱ㶼ȥʲôˣҵһңҾȨҪ֪
֪ĹϵгҪһ㣬οЩ˵飬ҲѾһЩԹҿҲ̻㡣
˵ûаУÿһ仰˵ƽƽͺֻͣÿһ仰ÿһвȡ
һҪ˵𣿡̩Ȼʵ
˵㹻ȨҪ֪ƽƽͺ͵˵
ǺǡЦ˵һҲûţһҪŪĻʹ
ǽɣκǣͲõǲȥ𡣡
жȨһ仰ܾһ𣬺ٺ٣㲻¶ѣжȨߺߣΪڵټӾŵõңҸ㣬ȻĻǾͶԲˡЦ˵
˭˭£ǲҪжȨҲҪҪ飬ȨѾ㹻ˣұ֤ԵЩŭ⣬ȴƽ͵˵
ҵֵǮҵҲܵһвĴᱻڣҲ֤ͬ񣬱ˡ
㡭ܵĴôڱŭˣָӣ˵㲻Ҫڵݣ
ʲôݣһ޹İ˴ˣһҪֻȴһٶвȱʵܺߣôʱڷ΢Цţ˵
㲻Ҫתעشҵ⣬Щ޶ʽӺζͭǵʱ棬ָЩʲôʶԼŭˣһϽԼȶ
ЦЦЩĴҵľ޶ʽǿҴۼ©׬ģͭЩʱ䣬ϺԱشˣ
㡭㵱ڤ粻飬㵱Ϊܱס㣿ٴ˼ӣ˵Ҳʮֱ
ȴٴμŭҪǵϵ뷨ߺߣһᶯִǸ˵
áһӣ˵ô˵ŸйϵŶִ˵ģ
ǺǡЦ㲻ö˻ǰɣôӣҪƫ̻˵ӣ㲻ǳԱ˳ţ


698 ɵ
סŭñǰ˵ʮֱ˵ڿƫ̻㣬㵹֤ݳ
֤ôУֳ¼ƵǺǣȴø㿴Ϊûʸ񿴣ǺǡЦ˵
㡭תƻ⣬ǹȻܡվץϵһļУžˤϡ
ʱǵűƿһžµĽ˿۾Դ̽˽漴ֽеﰡ
תͷһȻһָ۾ŽһЦ˵Ƶҿˣô˵ء
ôҲˣЩĿʵ
˿ֻɬɬĽһСԡ
Ҫ˵ģûȥǣֻǸЦôҲˣ⻹Լʲô˵Ĵ򲻺ðǵȥһ˵Ĵ򣬲˴һ٣͵˰ɣǺǡõù˰ɡ
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ҶЩȤҪ֪ǣʲôʱԴ߳ȥʲôʱԵõĵǸ˵
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гſˣǰһ˵ˣû̫ܵ˺ɡ
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гЩεЦЦ˵ͷ˵û¾ͺãǺǡ
ֻ䣬ɽǰҲϸϸĿһŵ˵ûԿɣ
ЦЦ壬ҪС棬ˣǺǡ
ɽ̾һ˵м仰Ҫ˵
˵ţɽת̤˴š
ߣͣ˺üСյС˲ٵĴС
ɽĳֻһ̫۵ĳӣ˹ɽ򿪳˽ȥ
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Ĭ˺һʵڼɵɣһͷգʲôüɵģ
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ȻڵĶ˿ҲȤһŭ֮£޳ֻ֣ûнңοЩˣм˵ƨǸɾġ
⵱ͬɽ˵棬ȷУҲΪ˼ֻͬӶ⡣
У˺ɽǣЦ˵£Ҿģ׷ˣһûзģܵĴ򷢼ǮӣҲ߻ȥ
û˵꣬ɽŭҹ³ȥ
һ³һֹ˵³³ɣ
˳ɽӳݳһŰԪƱûĺһٿǮ򼸸ȵŶӣҪԺõģԼǮȥ


699 ͭϵķ
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̾һôҪڼȥǣĻԽԽ࣬ݲ£гҶܵˣ
Ӱ̾һԺǻȥ©ˣʡһ쵽ľġ

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׼õʱû뵽κܺ˽
һκܺӵ϶ÿһμһû£Ӱ˵θڡ
κܺһеԱһ˫꣬ٳˣ٣롭
ſӣκܺû˵˵κ˵ͦİٺ١
κܺҲһơƣԹԵĴ򿪣֨һһڣ˵СҪ飬ңʮ飬ǺǣҪˣĴһÿõǮǺǡ
ӣÿöǮȻκܺڡǮķϣǶһ䡣
κܺơƹ޶濪ָһ֣
ڡЩ˷ܵʵ
ǵûУǺǡκܺһ죬Ͻ֣˵򡭡
ӡСһм˵һΪڣҲҪǧף˵κʲôʱ𼸰ˡ
⻰ǼκܺģֻκܺһҲЦЦ֡֨һһơƣ˵ⲻͷС׬һʵףȻĻᡣ
ҡҡͷ⣬ǰȥɣҲûʲôȤˡ
ɣҿ˵׼һ׮Ǻǣû뵽ɣϸպҪĶκܺ˵ţӣһвˣŵ͵ľ׽
ҪĶǮжǮʹκܺһۣκܺǰһ̲ŲԼǰ
ѩɣϼˣĿӣѩκܺ˴ν֪ôԴκܺΪκܺÿһζеҪմ
ɣϼȴջκܺǿˣôʵʧڡ
κܺȴǲ㳲գԸƽϡ
κܺЦЦ˵Сֶ֪κͷ⻰ңǺǣһҿġ
˵ţκܺơƹޣϵһơƣȻָպմϵơƣϻ˼¡
һκָܺ潥ֳͼΣϵɫʱ䡣
κܺơҺͼΣȻԼεصķţ
˵棬κַܺţڵʱҵ֮£ӦҲ̵ļ䣬οԼҪ׼ȷĻЩŵ֮һҲҪҪúõĻһ£κܺȻ־ͻ˳
ѩκܺǸţҲһԾ˺һѩִȡһƬݵǰ
ֻһƬϵɫǹ졣
ѩƬϣʾţƷȻһͭ˽ƣͭϵһķţעĿ
κܺơҺǸţ˱ʻ࣬󣬼ͭķһģһ
ѩ˵ʵʮһֱѰƬϵĶһողűڳģΪһҲֵ֪Ƭ̽Ѱ۸񡣡
վһѽƬ˹ȥֻһۣ㾪еͭơôᡭ
ѩЩĿ˵˵ⶫѾ䵽𣿡
һκܺġšһ
κܺȴصЦЦ˵СĻҾ͸˵˵ϴθǷֱ֮ΣΣ
ӡʲôʾκܺͿʼ˵ϴԱͽҽԺľ
κܺõϢԭΪȥϽһȥڳʯضһԭʯֻǺκܺȥ֮󣬲֪ǻ£˼ûڳֱͣӾͽҰɽ
κܺʧĸȥԵиʣģκܺƹִƶ񻯣û׼ûȥԶͻᶪС֮£κֻܺûعͷ㵽طȥԻһЩֵǮ
ⲻ֪ڻվκܺһȺжˣһֻ࣬ĸˣκܺһ۾Ϳ˵
һӣ
κܺƾһ粻֮࣬˵ǼˣŴ
ͷκܺˣһֱ뵽ϲɽأŸκܺҪҵģһ˵ıأһӦ³֮󣬿ԷָκܺһҵĲƱ
üѩİ棬ҵǸطǸط֮κܺŷ֣ر鲼֮Ƶȥʱˣʱ򣬾ʣκܺˡ
ֵĲκܺ˵ȴǲֵһᣬȫĶҲûһ򣬶ңоһŵͭƣ
飬κܺ˵òʮ־ʣʲôأʲô鷢κֻܺǵһʴֱνٳ
ֻκܺ˵꣬ӺٺٵЦ˵ûһҲǺüʮ򣬲ҹƣκӦһǮҲûõɣ
κܺһ죬ȷûָԼһǮҪȻԼҲȥɱǹ
ǺٺٵЦΪһȥ˼ҵĲиʣ
ҲЦЦȻô˵Ҳ˼
û뵽κܺҡҡͷ˵ǵĵطֻΧ֣õĶҲֻһЩֵǮĺĲ֣ûСĸ֣ҪѣиʣִӺ̸𣿡
κܺôһ˵Ц˵Ҳǣ£м˱ȵҶ磬ƾκЩǺǣֻܽΧҲȻ飬ٺ١
ʱԱκܺĲһһ룬κܺǺüûԵƵģ޹˼ɵĴԴ
˺һʵô˵ǿͭƣǳ֣֮˵˵󣿡
ҪκܺòҪȷһ£ǿͭƵǲŵģϵֵƷ飬ҪŪǣ磬Ļģ˵Щ׸йϵûϵ
ֻκܺһòɣϼ˶ʱǽͭƵģȷ籾ˣ
һУκܺʱҲЩԾô˵ҹ
ûбҪƭκܺʲôֱӸκܺ˵ˣԼҲû磬ӴǸģɣϼǡ
κܺ̾һ˺һ˵ͭƣҲǣɵи󵽣СȻûӴҪȥĻС㲻ܲ˹أ
һЦҲãҲãҶȥٷˣУκԺҲҡԱ򵥡


700 
صѩҪǿͭƣһ˶ԭĲ˼Ǽ䷿Ҳû֪ڸʲô
֮һɣϼӺͱ֮䡣
ѩҲûȥ벽ֱӸɣϼȥɣ꣬һˣѩŵﶥ죬ɣϼѩĲ˼ԭķ䡣
⼸֮Уһߵȴ磬һ߰ϰԼܣܱԭӾ˲٣飬ȴͬʯ󺣣ϢҲûС
ʱ÷ɿ죬һΣ¹ȥûϢֿﱻ飬Ҳﵭȥƺʹ˹ܶʼƽ
ֱϣŸո𴲣Ͱ壬ȥһʱһ
ˣȻ
ʱƣ㲣ȴ޾Ľƣͭǵ򻹲Ÿոתˬȴһıů޷ֻ޷ƿڣԵúЩڡ
ĵһ仰ҲȻǣ취ŪԵġ
ýڣɩϽΪһ׼һ͡
ɩ׼֮ʣҪЩֵϴ䣬Լϴһ
ʱ˸ƵأﴩϣеСԵЩ˿Ҳ⡣
֮ŷԸȥԼ̻ʵĳɩ͡
һֱԹͣŰ鷿£һ仰ȻûͷûԵģСϸһ¶ҾȾǡ
һ˵ش磬˵
ȵüֻǼ̵˵һ£죬ûдӦ뵽Լȥֻ֪·;գʮһͬУҵǣһ·Ѱϲɽȴ⣬һʮȫסһڣŽ˳
֮ľԮӶû֪ͨһʱֱ߸ϣΪ֪ͨԮӾȥҲֻͬȥҪԮסʮˣΨֱ
Ȼ˵üԣҲûԥȥˣûʲôԥģֻΪµĵصϲɽأͻǰĵطͬԣ΢𼸾䣬׼־Ԯʡ
˱ĸϸڣʱȻеʱϸʡ
ȻżҲ֪ʱԼңһҵĻʮ˾пܱװ׵
ѩ֮ҴҵҪߣҪȥʲô
򵥵˵һ£ѩ΢һҲͬ̾ͳˣѩøйطһ£˵úɽ֪һ£ºֻᱻΪȥʲô
Ҳû룬ֻͷӦһ£ͽѩȥ죬Լջһš
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һû뵽һݣȴĲ˼Ҳ
Ĳ˼绹û˵˵ɽ֪Լ֮󣬱ҪһʽԱæģǿǵͷֽţʵڳ鲻Ծ͸Ĳ˼һ£ǽƸɡ
ʱѩĿģúɽ֪ʦ۽ʲô˳ھˣû˰ѱץ
ѩǰЩӣǼ˵Զȥ֪ͨɽҲǼ֧֣Ĳ˼ʵҲһٳɵġ
ܹõӦʣòˣ磬Ĳ˼硢ѩ˱װ
¹ʻתֱտ򣬵ڶһ㵽ϲɽԵĶᡣ
ڶᣬ˵˰죬ҪǲɹЩͭ򲻵Ҳ·ϴߣ˵֮Ĺƹߡ
·Ū֧ǹЩǹǾǹõÿ֧ǹ䱸ٷӵЩַȥ
Ĳ˼硢ѩ˶ùǹҲǹͻˣҲʮַġ
һǹһ֣̲סҪҸطȥϼǹ񫡣
С˼֪ˣݺݵһ١
ȻԳŪǹ˵ҪȥĵطǺΣգʱΪ˹ǹ񫣬Ӱ첻ò˵˷ӵ
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ϲɽԵһߣԼҪʱ䣬ܴһѩ壬һ·ȥҲƽ˵ͷϣһС͵ѩ˺˳Ķ㿪ˣֻǼ֮£ŪһЩʡ
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Ǹɽ棬ܶ޷ݵĶ飬ڣ޷һһϸϸΪĶ󣬶Ѿ֪
ºӳǸطѾ벻ѹʱһѩԱһһдš˱ԮֽıڣѾȥ
ֽǸѾȥ˵ıڣ֪ʮ˱Ҫ̾ԮͭǣѰ
˵ģҲֻôˣ֮󣬼˽ЩʲôΣգɻһδ֪
һסһξԮԲǰκһ̽ɡ
ʱӲűԹȻôΣգٷӵһǹ𵽵ãǲ̫ô˵ҲӦ׼һ߱ףըʲôĲźã
ֻӵıԹҲûȥûȥᣬȥŪ߱ףը֮Ķ
һ㣬ôһ죬һ·˲ҹ̣ûܺúõϢһ£ھҪѩɽ򣬲һʼƣĽȥ
ӵһ˵Ҫһ죬̾͵ͷ˯ֻһҲûʲôĸоҲͦ棬ֻϢһСʱû˯⡣
ֻһ񣬾Ȼκܺżڴ̽Լһ˵٣ƫƫκܺ۾⣬һ۾ͷָո˷ܵĴ˹
ȴǲɵüͷԼ˵ģ¶𼱻ǣκܺȴֻҪѰҲƱȻûϵĳͻűϵĲҪһ𣬿϶൱ľ档
ԣκܺ飬䵭ӦĻȥκܺ˵ֱӶκܺ˵һΪ˾˶ϣ㲻Ҫǣõҵ顣
κܺЦ˵ȻĿĲͬĿĵȴ࣬һҲиӦǺǡ
䵭ҲһҲӦ֮ˡ


701 ѩǣ1
㿴ⲻôκܺЦ˵İ·꣬Ҳͬ۹أοֶ֮䣬԰ɣ
ɫȥκܺľתҪߡ
˵УҲֻϢСʱΪ꣬û취飬Ͼʮ˱ŽһˣٻҪü죬ܵǼ˵Ĵʵǿ֪
һתͬײ˸
ܿĶκܺ˵ûʱㆪ£СҪȻһΪв
˵⻰Թתͷ˵ǻҪͷţһȥ
ΪҪϲɽأȥԮʹߣͶ˲٣ͷţ԰ʣܴĽʡ˵ؼǣһ֮£Եʳ
ţʳԴַţɽ͸ߺһͷ˵ţһܸʮеնϰٹÿ߶ʮؼѵ£첻Բȣ糣
ƽʱܵñţ죬ںǧϵĸߺڿϡܲţѩԭкͱϣţнȵԽѩɽʱţ
ڴѩɽʱ򣬲ţУţӺǿѩٵ·ţʶ;ǿɿ򵼣Ϊţôŵ㣬ԲеسΪŵ֮⣩
ϴδ˽ϲɽأһΪ˼ͷţ֮󣬲ŵԿٵķ
ԣһΣȻҪͷţһոʣҲԴ·
ܿҵϴţĵطǸʮĺӣԭϵķ˪һԿ·ʹ˵Ҳʮꡣ
ϵܣһҪͷţһ棬һĺҲû˵żɽľҪţ
ڵϷһ˿Ц⣬Ҳûຮѣֻ˵ϰ壬ţУҪٶУиҪҪһȥ
üͷ٣һ֮УĲ˼硢ѩӣ˵㹻ľӦֻһͨ˵ȥյĵطʵЩ̡
Ц˵ϰ岻ö˵֪ҪȥˣûͣЩţԼģܼԦ⣬һһܹϴóĻ顪ǹ
ֻҡͷϣô˵Ҫȥĵطʵ̫գǣ۸޹ˡ
˵һҪɣϮ˵һȺǣҲʱʱĳɧһڵĻȥ˻ᣬȺΪ˳ȥһ
һ󣬵ǵ˵ͷ˵ѵ缱壬һȥǿԣⱨꡭ
ҡҡͷϰ壬ҵţĶǱмۻߵļ۸ѣҵѣһҪʲôꡣ
ЦЦóǮݵǰ˵磬һ˼ҪµĻ͸һȥҪǲȻĻǾֻȥţ
˺һ˵ðɣҵţ͵ǻ֮ǮҪĻǮҾͲˡ
˵ĺǼϴø߼һ˰ͷţʱͻͷʹҲԤǮֻյʱʧͷռͷǮ
˵ˣҲֻ˵Ա棬ԼֻˣûҪмƥĻټһЩʱ䡣
ԥĴӦ˵¶ͽȥ죬ʱ֤ġ
źôĽȥһҲɹһЩƷȴһ£ҪһͷţҪƳɡ
ͭǺͶʱһֱӵ˸ţöʱùȻ˽˶Ϣ÷¡
˵Ҫһͷţɣټ򵥲飬һ˵ԥľͷԸ˿ʼţɡ
ŵʱ֣ͽһͷţȫã
˸û˵ĵطٽţȫŽǬ
һγԭǬĶճڼһȽεĵط
Ϊ֪һˣҪʣǰκһΣǬڳȫװӦʣ²ӦʱҪ
ԣǬ˴ʳ֮⣬ָĹߣǶԤ˺üݡ
Ҫţƥȫ˹øָװֻһװ
ֻӿëƤƺ䣬а˸ߣаǹϲҲЩ֣Ĳ˼硢ѩˣ̫ԸմߣΨ׽˻һ
һҹ޻ڶһ磬߸ţʼϲɽؽ
ԭֻԤˣҲֻܽʡ·̣֮󣬾͵УԻȥò˵ƥ
µģĵܵܣԣʱĶѾ߸ˡ
ߵý磬һʱ䵹Ҳ徲ȴֺһˣϵãԼһֱŬҪܿκܺˡ
κܺǱ࣬һĸˣκܺʽޣĸҲֻƥǼŵߵʱ򣬴һһС
ЩŭκܺԼĻǶ߷磬ҪκܺʱݺݵĽѵһȴЦЦȥǼƽϡ
ʱκܺǼƽϣԼгֵ̣á
ֻ֪ΪʲôԼȡѵκܺǼκܺĸҲֻƥ˺ʣٶԶԶϲţƥˡ
ʱ֣˶ӪԹ˷Ϣ˺һκܺ˲Ÿ
ڶ죬κܺ˾׷ϵø࣬׷ˣѾǰҹ󣬻С˵һƥ
˵磬ƥߵ·ҲϾߵͷʱ򣬾ֻܸţͽǰС
ĵ֮ܵ˸ţιϺˮҲϢˣ̷ɽ
ԭϵɽͺͺĺƽ棬ȴҪúܣɽʯĵط٣Բ񣬲ȵЩʯ棬˾ͻŸʯֱ»ѥʹűֱɽ·
οʱζѾǧ˰׸߶ȣ˵Уû̫ķӦ֮⣬ȴΪѹߵþ͸Ǽûϼ͵Ҫشһ
ʱţΪֺһ͵ǣ᫲ƽɽϣ硣
òϵɽعͷ˲ŷ֣κܺˣɽɽŶ뻹ҪСʱ
κܺҲû취׷Լһˡ
˵ӪϢһϣֱڶһʱҲûκܺ׷
գ˴һα뵽һϿȣ˵ϴʱ򣬱ȺϮϿһСɽ
ΪҪ߳ɽȣҪʱ֣Ǹʱǰ߲ˣֻܾ͵ӪҲӪ֮󣬰ҹʱ֣ȺŷͻȻϮ


702 ѩǣ2
˵߳ϿȣͿܻȺһﲻûп־壬Щ˷ܣԼҰɽľԳιȵ֮Ķͷǣʵ̫Сơ
ο⼸ﶼǹû֮ǰٷӵؼǻٺ٣ʱ򻹲ȺƨɢӴܡ
һ·ĸгѩȴһЩǡ
Ĳ˼Ǻü춼Ѿû˵һ仰ˣȻĲ˼ЩʲôΣǴȥԮǼҿʱĲ˼Щٶ
ҲЩģһԭӦĲ˼Ҳ
ϿȲȴͱ׶ͱϵһͬϿƽ˼ֲֿϢ
ƫƫǰһΣͻȻͳ˼漴ֻعͷֱӱߣ͵͵ķͽ˼ҡͷβ
һӣʱ׷˵Σգô죿
Σգͱڱ׶֮⣬ֻ֪ѩǡ
ѩǳϿĻǽһ޴ѣһѩǣͱÿǹɱѩǣխխϿһǹ˵ͱϵı׶Щ绯˵ͱڣһ˶в
΢΢Ƭ̣תͷ˵ôҶӿٶȣ촩Ͽȣһ͵ǰдĵطϡ
һµǰĵطжԶش˵ֻв˵ãǸطϿȳҲֻв幫
һ£˵Ͽȵĳڣ˵Ҳڻа˹нٶȣҪ˹ϿȣҪСʱ֮ãϾﲻǵѹشܴﵽһֻҪʮӶʮӵٶȡ
ǣСʱϿһΣշǾ·һ
ŶԲߣʱѾûмѾ嵽ǰȥˡ
ӴҪȥ׷ǰգ֮ʧϿ棬׷ϡ
ȵ׼鵯ҩ
ϡﻩһ죬ÿ˶׼ҲһҴ⣬ֻҪȺ֮ɱһѪ·Ͽȡ
׼ҩѩһͷĲ˼Ӹм䣬չţ
˼ǽ񾭣ʮֿٵнʱѾǰ˵Ǵĵط
طȷ΢Щ״ͬײһ׶ĺ«ףխֻʮס
߹һ飬֪ﻹȽϰȫĵطôȦţϢȻһϿ幫
˸ոŴһ˻ӣǾһսմ˻ҳϻһڡ
ľͷ㣬ӦǴһʤ̣ж֮Щ緢
ȴЩʹϵˣĲ˼ҪҩȥˣҲɣԹԵطӵĽ£ͿĨϵ˿ڡ
϶óϣÿͷţιһЩ
Ĳ˼Щ򵥵ʳָˡ
һٷ꣬Ҳûʲô״ƫƫҪߵʱ򣬰ͻȻֿһΣҲûǰܳȥǳһͱڣͣءС
̧ͷɨһͱڣȴûʲô֮
ۿ˶ҪˣȴߣԽԽԾǶΣȽĿ־塣
һβԣ̷ԸңݻжӦ׼
ֻͷԲǧƽĵطһȥÿһΣ˶ľ۵ףʲô쳣֮ΣڣȻţҪӦҲ֪Ӻζ
һҶŲѣһҧɴǹĿĵĿһǹ
硱ǹͻȻը죬ʹԭ񾭵һϣֻһ˻վš
ǾսˣȻֻ֪ҪԼڷǹζӦڵһʱſڵϣñˡ
ȻҲǹǹʱҲֻǴԣûɵսԾ˿ǹҲжΣա
ֻʱǹϿ죬мȻһ˷ĺУ䣬ͬǺ˳ӿòͣ
˵⺿֮һͷƤ飬һͷжǲǼ˿־ԭü˿־ǣһȺǣ
ĮϵȺǼʶģƻײû˵ѩɽȺֻ˸ӿ־塣
ѩɽϵǣԭʹһ˿־ɴڲѩػʥħͨײУħͬ
׿˵ۣ֪ÿһѩȺϮţеֿѩǱߵȺߣֱֿҧ룬ȻŷĴ󵨵ĴϮ
һѩǾͱطҪƻײС
ԣʱһģҲɵͷƤ飬
ѩŪһǹӷŵģ²ɵӣ㷢ʲô
ӺٺٵЦû֣ⲻǽǹ߻ˡ
üͷҪ˵Ӽ䡣
ΪͬһˣĻ棬Ҫнֹ֮£һ˵óȻжпôҶ뵽֮С
̵Ϊ
ֻջסûȥӣΪʱڵϣе쿴
תͷȥָķ򿴹ȥֻǰߵͱϣһͻʯ飬ʯ棬վһͷȫףװȮζȻһٶ׵ľ룬Ȯζŷɫâӣȴôҿ
ӵͽһüһµ׶೤ɡ
תͷߣֻҵ͵ͷͽеǹֱ;ðԭ˶ͣʱֱֻһͷСȮѣѹʱ򰢼ֻҷڵϵͽС
ѩǡͽһֵ˵֣ϴģСһ붼ֹôôѩǣ
ｫņ̀ߣȥ׼ͷȻѩǡ
˭֪ͷѩƺΣһ㣬һͬһӣһһԾ˲ʧٶȣҲеǳԾ
ֻѩʧ֮ʣϿصһ˷ĺУþò
ֻǺʧŻعͷЩֵ˵ϴѩǣЩѩһֱӷôһȴûй˼
Ƭ̣˵ش磬߰ɣҲµûĻѩҲǿĵζǲԲᷢӪʱǾ͵ҪСˡ
΢΢̾һŷԸðɣߡ
ֻתͷʵ磬Щţ𣿡
˵ͷԼļͷţǶרѻģǿ֮⣬ƢҲȽ˳ţߣӦⲻ
תͷ˵ʣ»в幫ϿȣǱһȥ쵽Ӫأȡʱ佨ι̵ķȦҪȻǿû취ӦЩѩǡ
Ҳ˼


703 ѩǣ3
ĵģֻѩڶ࣬ӦĵģԶֻĵ
ûǹ֮ǰ컯۾ȴûܷͱϲһͷô޴ѩǣҪӿǹͷѩǣǷѩԼôҿ϶οҪһǹɵͷѩǣȴֻһ˲֮䣬ͷѩǾѿȥ
ֻ˵һ⡪ͷѩǣҲãƻҲãѾһͷͨѩǡ
ţӿٶֱϿȳڳȥ
ΪţֲϵĴߴ٣ԭҪСʱܵȿڵģֻһСʱȿڱңң
ɾ¿಻׵ʱǰѩȴͣǰȿڴһ
ǰͷ˶ѩǣվ֮ϣĵĹһӣֱֱĿżոոϵˡ
ֻǶȻϿ߿ı׶мֻмٲֵʯ飬˿Ȼ̮Ļͷ˶ѩɵġ
ŵţûͣסŲԵǸо˾޴в
ȣҪ˿ܺţԼȴţǹ֮׷ǰѩˡ
ǰѩˣû࿼ǣֱӾͶǹ׼վϵͷѩǡ
Ҫǹȵ
ͷɻĿ֪Ҫʲô
ѩҲͷʵڿһѵõĻᡭ
ҡҡͷٴγȵҪǹ
˵ţǹ߸ߵؾȻطŵϡ
Ȼվ߾˫֣һһǰ˹ȥ
˻ûҲûȥע⣬ʱͱϣ򰵣˵ҲϰͷѩǣϿˡţĶš
֮û̷Ӧǻûõͷǵ
еЩ棬ӣͷѩǵ˼ֻҪֹԼǰҪȻĻԲֻǽͱϱ׶Ū·
˺棬һ뷨ܲܽͷ˶ѩǣ
뷨һ˿˼飬ô˼뷨ҲֻŸô룬ҲŸôȥ
ߵúͷ˶ѩǣÿһСģ¶΢һ㣬ͻᾪͷ˶ѩǡ
ͷѩҲֿ졢ȫİë͵͵˻
ѩӺ漷ǰĲ˼ˣĿмֹĳ棬һĶᵽɤ
ߵԽͷ˶ѩ˻ҲԽǼȣͬʱë΢΢죬һ̾ͻᵱͷĽ̬
ͷ˶ѩǵ˻𣬴ͻȻܳͷͷСëɫЩҰѩǣһһңͷ˶ѩǵࡣ
΢΢һЦ¶֮⣬ͷͷѩһҲܹһٻɱԣη壬һһǰߡ
ⲻ֪ͷɫѩǣͻȻתͷһ̶ĺС
ͷëɫҰʱȽһһȥҲ͵͵ͬеġء
ͷɫѩȻٴתͷѪһţһҧ߹ڵͷѩǲϣֻԴ΢˦£Ȼͻľͽһͷ
ѪһɲǼ䵽Щ׶棬ȾһƬʺ죬˴Ŀľ
ұߵͷǷڵϣɪɪصĽţȴ˿˿˼
ɫѩԴ˦ӵǿͷٴתͷһҧұߵͷѩǵĲϣ΢˦Դֻͷ
ɫѩһգۼҧͷǵԴѪĳú˶о岻ѡ
ǹʱ򶼷ڵϣɪɪ
˵ͷѩһҪάţͷԱֱҧ
ץżͷţֹҪʾɱ￴ɣǶɲǺﰡ
һģһֱߵɫѩվǰ治Զľ룬סŲһ˫۾ĶŰɫѩǡ
֮ľ룬ֻҪɫѩ£пƾ׹ֱӽ˵ȻͬķֱһҧԴ
ֵǣǰɫѩȴûֱţɫͬӣͣת
ŰɫѩӣɵһһɲǼƺоһɴûеиУҵУԼѾȥİְ迴ԼеҪֱȥͶ뵽ѩǵĻ
ָоǳ죬֪վ֮ϵģһͷһҧԼĲӵѩǣȴҪǰӵ֪ҲһҪǰȥ
ƫƫЩ룬ſĻҪǰ֮ʣһȮ͡
ӣѩǵһӣҲǿʧȥ˵ŵ񣬲֪䣬ǰߣֻǲһű˰β͸ϣʹ̲ס͵͵ķͽһ
ǰ͵͵һͽУ֮оѹ
ع̴һҪ۾
Ľܵͱ䣬ʱͬףб֮䷢ɢȥöѾ߳˺üѩĲ˼Ȼѹ
ǰɫѩû뵽ڹؼʱ򣬾ȻһʹУѺ¸ƻˣŭ֮ʣͷһŭ
һɲǼ䣬ͱʮͷѩǣ׵ĻҵĶУÿһͷͬСţСһˡ
Ҳһŭȫ֮ۼһ˫ϣֻ䣬վ߰׸ߵ֮ϣŲջ׶һȭɫѩԴ˹ȥ
˼ʮͷѩ˵һǹ䣬һʱ֮䣬Ͽ֮Сƹƹžžǹըһ㣬ڶ˻Ƶ֮ǰǺ
ʱ䣬ʮͷȫȻأһ⡣
ʮ֮ڣֱӷŵʮͷѩǣǿĻͲ˵ˣѩĲ˼˶ǹĸֶ֣ǾյˣȺ˵û˿ңǿĻ໥֧Ԯ
ûûεļһ̶̵һ˲֮䣬ҲŰֱӷŵͷѩǡ
ֻһ̲ͣĻȭͷɫѩǣһȭѩͷϵģȭͷȴ˸ա
ͷѩûжܣʵϣֵٶȣͷѩݣҲܲˣǣȭͷȴʵʵڵ˿ա
ͷѩǣƤӵ£Ǳı飬ƬƬȥÿһƬֶһƵİɫ˲ʧ
ɫѩǱ飬Ƭֻɰɫ˲ʧ⵱ǹĪ
һȭգĿ˹Σаһáһ
һմأסӣһ˫۾ȥѩվĵط
ǣͷɫѩǣɰȻվԭǸλãһ˫ͬһӣĶ
ðһɺ⡪⵽ѩǣʲôĹ
ԼһȭԴģƬٻڣȴվô
ʱҲ֣ѩĵ棬һɷŭ֮⣬һ˿ǣǡ


704 һ
֪ͷѩǵ棬Ϊʲôôһ˿ǣʱҲֻͷѩǶԼĿ־ɡ
ѩǣһٴȫҪȥһΣԿղһȭգǲԼ˻þ
ʱǱߵǹѾͣЪΧĿյʮѩǵʬ壬֮ҲһŨҵѪζ
ǹͣ٣ȴȥѩˣ٣û˭ű˵֣ûִУʹǱû
˵Ҳţʮͷѩǣһ˻ҲȫӦù
һͷ֮ϵİɫѩǣԼҪעҪԵв
ͱϵѩǶءĺڰЩͬ飬ڸͷɫѩսߣΪܲסϵջ·̰ĺ
ɫѩǵ͵͵ĺһ𴦣ѩǵġءʱֱʧ
ɫѩǽлһֹѩǲҪηҲһ̾Ϣ޿κε̾Ϣ
һɲ֮䣬ƺԼĸĸԼ³çҲϻڸ֮޿κΣȴʹ̾Ϣ˸С
ʹͷһ̵ͷس̵ͷֻһɲ֮Ȼ
֪̾͵ͷس̣Ǹǲܵģڻм·̵һˣʮڵȴԼǰȥԮʮ˲ˣǲܵ¡
ôţȻͷѩǵһ˫ɫӷ˱仯úǷŭ
Ȼͷѩǵ۾ûбϵı仯ȴܸоѩģ֡񡱣
һ˲䣬ͷѩԾͷ
Ҳһ˲ܣûһֻ޴ȭͷջͷµͷѩǡ
ѩ˵úȭͷѩǵ򦣬¶ӭȥ
ֻһɲ֮䣬ȭͷͷеȻ졣
ȭͷɲǻɢͷѣͷһͬǰһ㣬ɿƬÿһƬֶٴλưɫͷ֮ɢ
۾һ˲˲Ŀưɫʧ֮ȥ֮ϣȴͷɫѩɴǸλãһһңͷûԴѩǣߣͷɫѩǣûһƵģɴ
ֻͷëɫҰǣѪı׶֮ϣӴĿľ
Ȼ֮䣬һ䣺Ҫȥˣÿ
꣬һ紺ը죬ϿĴײ಻֮䶼һƬÿÿ
ÿÿ


ֻĺʧ֮ʣ֮ϵͷɫѩǣҲ䲻ĺ̶꣬һֱ̲񷣬һֱ̽ÿһ˵ĵ
ȺǴ˷಻Ӧͣһɲ֮ǵ￴Ⱥħ裬ģޣʹ˲סɪɪ
Ҳţ죬ܵǰڵϵǰǹͻȻǱһ㣬ٿȻ䵽
ǹһմ֣û˿ԥ򿪱գǹ˨Ƶţǹ׼ͬˮһǳɡ
һɲǼ䣬ɫѩǵĺֹͣӦ֮ҲȻֹ
硭һǹȻը졣
ڿǹǹХйȥ
ÿһŶǿܵӵײЩ׶ϣͬһ׶Ǳը÷飬ǱʧΡ
ֻһ˲䣬ԭһ߰׸ߵ㱻һֻ׸ߣϸʯ̳ɵһζ¡
յӵͣȡУУƵţȻתǹڣ׼ͱϡ
ԭ֮ϵͷɫѩǣ֪ʱѾվͱϣôǹ֮¡
ֻͷɫѩȻ־֮ɫȴû̫ľţֻǶ˺һŰͷٴηͬ̾ϢһĺС
ϣͷɫѩǰͷתµѾһز֮ϣعͷٴζһۣ漴뿪
ͷɫѩ뿪ͱѩǣҲһգ֮׷ɢ֮䲻֪ȥ
ͷɫѩߵúкܳʱ䶼֮ڣûֱӿǹɱ
ֱͷɫѩȫϿȿİѩȫںϣʧӰ١
磬Ϊʲôֱɱ
׷վߣĶ֮⡣
̾һҲκνֻͣǹϱգȻʰ׵ִĲ˼ӹţɫص̤һɢ
ΪȫǱʯǣţߵúҺνҲǶףҲò˶һ
һ˳˹ȿڣɫѾӪʱ䣬лСʱ
ԭƻϿ֮󣬾ϴӪĵطӪԱѩȺҡҡͷСʱϿ⼸ҶţߣĲ󣬼ϵҲкüСʱ˷⼸Сʱ
ɽ֮󣬱ɽϵһջվǽӽѩߣõǣջխܹݵ˲Уֲʱмʯ飬ջߣ㰲ȫ
һֱջߵɫ谵ѰһȽϿĵطԸӪʡ
ӸĲ˼æӪˮʳţιϣȴѰһƧĵط
ʱΪʲôֱӽͷѩɱˣʵ
ҡҡͷֱӵĴɱ
ɱʧ˵ϵ𾪣ܵϢ
ҡҡͷͷѩǵѾҵûҵڡ
˵˰Σ޷˼ųʵ
һͷѩǱһ󣬵ŪĶģȴǼٵģû͸ԣҲûɱ
ص̾һ˵
ǲ̫˼˵ĻҲȷЩƣԣ̲סٴʵ˵
Ƭ̣Ž͵һħħ˿ΪǾģԼ֪ǲֻ۷˵ħǼٵģĶȴģشô
ٵľԭûУڵģôֻɼٵıأȻḻ飬ǵһ˵
żȻһƪģСܶľһ䣬ɫաղɫɫǿգռɫǰҲ̫仰˼׼ȷ˵ǲ̫仰ԭͷѩǣ΢еĵá
վ棬𽥰ɽ壬˵
ԷȻһ䡰ɫաղɫɫǿառɫȴ꣬ȻҲ֪˼֮ʡ屾ϵʵ壬ɵءˮ𡢷Ĵͺ϶ɣʳƿռɫĴɢ򸴹ޣʳɫǿգռɫɫգϵɫ֮弴֮ʣζ𣬼мշգռΪУʱزУԿռУ˵ռɫĵ
ֻܽһ仰ǡաǡɫֻһġ


705 عں
˵ͷѩǣҲʵãԣΪģδؾͻģ㿴ǼٵģҲδؾͻǼٵģЩľʵ
ͷ˵ã鸡νɫǿառɫͷѩǵ֮
ʳȥԷǡһ䡰ɫǿտռɫĻ±Ц˵磬ش磬ɫҲáҲãĶ벻ӣ˵ˣͷѩʲô£ڶǰβĶӡ
ЦҡҡͷͷѩȥʲôβĶӡ಻ͷѩʱԼһ٣ôġ
ֻһｫ˶̲ס֡ٺ١Ц˵ش磬ôɣǹƥѩǣţ˿褻ǻƸǵǡᡯ
úȴЦЦ˵Сģǹ𣬲ʲô褻߻Ƹǡ
ٺ١ӺЦ˵һһǶ߸կһúӢ۸
ҲƬ̣Żһԭǲѧֻ˵˵Ҫǣ»ỹûóԼȸˡ
˾Ц˵磬Ҿһ벻ףǵʱͷëǣվ棬Զǹ͡硯һǹͽˣﻹǹҪȥŸ첲
һ㣬ȷôֻͣڵʱ֮£ȷʵҪͷɫѩͽֲһΪ֪ʹܹעǹӵϣҲδؿһٻɱͷѩǣº֤ͷѩǣȷηǹǹעܵǹ
Ҳ˵ɱͷѩǵԭ
οҪӽҪװףǾֻ顣
Թ֮ΪҪȺ԰ҹ˷࣬Ӹս˷ֱѩǰҹĲ˼˴䣬ֵΪЩиĺҹ
ԣĲ˼˶˯ˣȵһ˯ѣʱ䣬Ҳˣ
ΪջϣԼûдĲҲͽֻǵȼƣǿΪȡůֻƾżӺͲס߶
Ĳ˼绹ø磬Ĳ˼ֵ˺һ
Ĳ˼Ҳֻǵĵ˵ͷǴк
Ȼҹ¶أб¡ܣҲһú䣬Ĳ˼粻ס΢΢ţ˵ȥɣůһЩ
Ĳ˼תͷһҪ˵ʲôģվסˣһ·Ĳ˼һֱǳĬԣ˵
Ĳ˼粻ϻصȥٴ˵һˣ㹻ˡ
Ƭ̣Ĳ˼΢΢̾һ˵ܸܲңǻܹǰ𣿡
Ҳ΢΢̾һ˵ʲô𣿡
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷм飬һֱҪ㣬ǡ
˵ջˣڴ
Ҹ˻ԼĲ˼ͷԽ΢
ʲôϵһջĿ⣬Ĳ˼磬еʵȵȣ˵˻ԼΪʲô
֪ҸǲܵġĲ˼ͷ
ȴһҡҡͷӦûô򵥣еԵɣӦĲ˼粻˵
һҪ֪ԭ򣿡Ĳ˼ͻȻ̧ͷ
ҡҡͷȴе˵ͷЩ飬ȥʣֺ֪ô¡
Ĳ˼翴ã˵ҰְҪҸ飬ȷ˵Ŀԣϣ㲻Ҫһ㣬ͭϲ㶼ǼɵҸ֣Ҳ͡Ҳ͡
⻰ɽҲ˵ʱҲûϣĲ˼ô˵ԼԼµһЩʲôֻȷ
㵽ҰɽһУ֪ǲܶô⵽ı𣿡Ĳ˼̾˵
ͷһ˵һЩףܲ˵һЩ
ǸľͷðɣҾ͸˵װɣʼĩǣгԭҪƾȨǿиĲҡף֪Ĳô˵ֻģҰְҲǳΡšŴӦ
Ĳ˼˵ĺǼԣȴƺŵһ棬ǿȨǮԼŨŨѪζ
Ĳ۾ȷֻһˣһؾصˣȻ򣬵վֲһȨ֡
̲ס̾һڵʱ֮£Ĳ۾ѡͷµȷǳ֮٣ѹĲ۾ջȥһһιµЩҵ
ӿͷ̲סص̾Ϣһ
ֻĲ˼ֽ˵Ϊ㣬ȥһˣڼʶġֶΣҰְҲ׹ԣҸ͡
Ĳ˼˵ȥҲײˣҲ׹ΪʲôһΣɽֱĲ˼ʱĻһɲǼһɨա
ҪЦһ䣬Ĳ˼磬ǲĲ۾֪гҲкµˣŷֲٹԼĲ˼飬ֻ仰ڻû˵ڡ
Ĳ۾ѡ񣬵Ĳ˼ԼһƬ⣬ȴ֪仰Ҫ˵˼
ԣûٶ˵ֻߵĲ˼ߣὫĲ˼ӵ
һɲ֮䣬еĽȫعںá
Ӷ棬͸϶Ĳ˼һ𣬲ɵáٺ١Цţ˵Ҿ˵ⶼѼӣܻٷɵߡ
ӵĲ˼磬һֱ΢¶ͣŷֿ
ֻѩˮȥιǼͷţʱͻȻ
ͷţϢľȻͷ
һУѩ˷׷һһĿĲ˼ˡ
ҲǴһԼĲ˼ҹǶջ˵ģûְ쳣˵ͷţ˯һѵģҪǷʲôԣҪ˵֣ᷢЩţҲвСĶ
˵ˣػţǹȻҲǰ
ϸϸļһͷȥţͷţϣҲֻţĲϿ·С˿ڣעĻ˿ڱϲѪۣûọ̈̄˵ͷţΪѪҺɶ
ͷţȫһ˿ڣɫ䣬૵˵ʱɽ񡭡
Ȼͬɽ֮˵ѪĶ˵֪֡
ģӶ֪ѪҲСѪ
ѩѪ𣬸˽⡣
ѩ˵ڡѪĴ˵ޣһЩѪΪʹѪĴ˵Ϊʵ˵һŵ˵ΪǶ޶ţƧĽһлͷɵ˺ͶѪν̵ġѪ
ҡҡͷѪĴ˵Ҳ֪һЩϾִᣬϢѪҲʲôش˵
˵һͷţڵѪҺж٣Ҷ֪ǾԲǼֻͺȵģΪջϻϿţѪĺۼҲֻ˵ţѪǱȹģҪȹͷţѪǵöѪ𣬵һȺüͷţҲͲֻС˿ڡ
˵ˣһȺĻ˵ǰܲ
ˣǶ϶˵һǾˡɽ񡱣ϢģͷţѪȹ⡣


706 
ЩңɽڸҲãͷ˼İɫѩҲãܵ˵˶ûյź˺ֻҪԺϼӷӦͲ
Ĳ˼Ȼʲô𣬵޷͵ҲϹܶΣЩµǣⶫȥӰ
Լ֪ʲôʱģҲ֪ǵĿ᲻תƵ˵ϡµĵط
Ϊʧͷţֻ÷Ը˰ͷţԵĶֿװµͷţϡ
Թ緹֮󣬼˴Ҵ̣ϵɽŭҲãѪϮҲãû˹˵ȥ׷ס
˭֪ߵʱ֣һͷţͻȻ䷢ţֱӾͳջʧ֮¡
ΪܵͷţţµͷţҲǲһеջϿ
ƴȫҲͽֻסͷһͷţΪû˸ǰգ֮ʧջͷ
һ˴ʹߣֻʣһ벻νʧء
õǣһʼʱ򣬼ţŵʣһһķװģÿǻװʳߣԵڣȻʧأҲһӾû˳ԵĻûõġ
ʧ֮µʳ͹ߣԵü˺ѳŵԭԤڵʱ䡣
ʱҲţʣʣԷʱ򣬼˰ʣµʷˣԱϣʡţҪ񣬱µʧɾ
ֻǼ˵УԴĲ˼ѩŮӣڷװʵʱ˾˺ֵܶ࣬ģӸˣҲɡ
֮·ͷѩҲûţ˺ܿջ
˵ߣһ·̣ʮ˳µĵطһ·ϣҲΣĵط
¸Ĳ˼ͺ֮˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˵Σա
ջľͷ֮һƬʴĵΣι״ľʯȮݽͬצħצָĹ⼸˵Ķ
һƬζ棬ľɽ壬һһԲļⶥһۿȥ˲ľͻ𡰽ֻɽ嶥ϣѩԵ׳ƥԲɽ壬ȴԲͬһֱ̲ʯΪԲģұֱͣʹɽҲûлѩģͰѩּⶥɽ壬ӳȤ
һԸߵʯͷָɽ壬˵ǵĿĵأɽ֮䣬ҹƣ֮ǰܵ
˵˵ش磬㿪ʲôЦﵽɽ֮䣬Ҳض̧̧Ⱦ͹ȥˣҪȵ磿
Ĳ˼缷ǰЦ˵ӣ̧̧ȹȥһҿ
ҲЦ˵ϴ㻹ϲһ˵˵ҿƬΣǵսݺύʮָӣһС·˵һ
ӹЦϴ󣬱Ǽһ˵ض𣬰ƴһط·ԵȥҾ˹ˣ˵ĵӶ˵ôģȴԽԽСˡ
һ𣺡ش磬ǵҪƬط𣿡
ҡͷ̾һ㿴ߣһۿͷҪ·Ļɾ͡
Ц˵ش磬ҵСƬطҿžЩľģҪһ·Ļ
˵˵һ򵨴Ķ磬³ʲôˡ
Ĳ˼˵ǽһЩçײҪǺ˵Ӱ쵽
ǺǡЦ˵ϴǲô͸оûǰණˡ
ЦЦȵӣ䣬бµʱҡ
ѩҲЦ˵Ӱһ졭
ҲЦЦ˵ϴǽȥȥģЪһޣһ·мǺţҹţھͿʼߣӪĵطӦøոպãСأ
ϸһǰĵΣȻЩǣǵ˵ͷһ̽ӽǾͶһϣҲǸ¡
Ǿôˣߡʯ̨ͷѭϴ߹·
ü˶ҪѶ̫ɢһһˣϴиССӣҲڶгãܽضνСħǡ
Ȼһ˵ȷʧ򣬵ȴ൱ȫҲΪ˶࣬Ժܿ߳ȥˡ
˺ܿӽǡħǡڣʵҪ˵ڣȱȽǣֻҪҵģϴļǺš
뵽ħ棬εЩֲᾹʯ֮䷢Ͳ˵ˣżʯ϶ðһľҲǸɽݻƣϺܲƤһһһ֧֧ʬֱۣ᾵Ĺʯ˾˵Ĺ졣
ΣͬСħǡ
Һ˶ǾһЩģֻù죬ȴʲôֲ
һխͬʯͷ϶ǰĵ·΢һ͸᾵ĹʯϡܹһһԲɽ塣
ţںͻȻһΪǳʲô飬Ͻع˵ߡ
˭ָ֪ǰ棬죬ȴ˵
Ĳ˼ѯ˺ü䣬ȴҪ죬תͷ˳ָŵĵطȥ
һ֮£ҲһֻһһԲɽֻȻһλεĶ
׼ȷ˵һٺɫĹâɫĹâ˸Щҫۡ
վΪ̫ԶټϽǶޣʵûӿٺĹâô¡
˵Ҳ˿Цãǰһ·϶Ѱҿ̻ʯͷϵļǺţûȥ̧ͷĲ˼硢ѩȴһ·˵˵ЦЦ󣬲ʱȥҼǺţҲעϿ֮ĵطһǣͷţæǰæģҲûա
һһ·϶һ̧ͷͼ澰
һź⣬ȴϣͶصĹݴ
һǾ˺һ
ѩ˺һתͷ˵Ǹԭѩɽϵһֹ󣬸ԭϻѩзʣһⷴ䵽ĳһطγ䣬ۼһγһţΪҲлӷˮֵãˮγɹŵĵطγź⡣
ѩô˵ȴЩţȣոջûʱ򣬴Ҷǿģɽ֮䣬û˿ʲôŶһͳһź⣬Ǻܹ졣
ңֻΣҪǣط죬Щ׾ٵ֪ġѧ֪ʶ͵ҲͲڹ֮˵ˡ
˺һų˵ҺӦýʲôţӦýз⣬Ǻ¥ɡôЩ벻ˡ
Ĳ˼˺Ӽ䣬˵һͰСֵģֻôһ˵Щ֡
ӦǺԵ飬ϴȻҲпܼۣôȴǵһ㣿


707 ľ
̫ѨЩãһŷ⣬Ǹԭ϶еĺ¥úϤȴ޷ļǵԼΡ
һֺĸо
ֺĸоЦЦ˵شԹһʱ䣬ԽЩ̼ԻһЩ飬Ҳ⡣
ԭһ̫ϸڵˣǰ⼸죬Ҳû˿ȥһϸڣԼҲἰôһ˵ǴĳƵģһ⣬ãǵģֻһЩϸڣкܶҪ飬ǲ
˺Ҳû˵ֻĬĬĵͷǰУҲȥǷ⡣
ֻӸȴһһߺ˵˵٩
Ƿоη֮ģҺӵĺ˵˵ȴ޿κΣ⼸һ·ͬУҲ֪һʲôãǹܲסͣ˵˵ģӾǺ˼ɡ
Ĳ˼硢ѩ˾ԵЩ
ŮӱϾϸһЩֲ֣£ŮӵֱоǵЩ飬ܿܶԼ˺ľԮҪŪûһЩؼڡ
ֻǲĲ˼ѩҲùȥ׷ʣԣŮӲԼͬ
Ǻ⣬ÿһγȼƻúúõģµˣȴֲŻ֣ᷢʵкܶ飬Ԥ֮⡣
ˣҲϰֻҪȷĴĿģҲͼвУһһ
ͱȰʲô顢ʲôϸڡʲôʱһƺãȻ󰴲ͰһһȥҪࡣ
߹һΣΪбʴڵҲϵķ⣬ҲͿ˲١
Ҳһ·ǰܺģԵú˷ܡ
ѭŰɫұϵļǺţܿͰ˵һӪĵط
Ӫǡħǡеشһµ棬ڸ߶ʮüףЩбб¶ȣӪڿڸµһСƽ̨ϣȻϴӪԼӸģµĵ·׶ߡ
ƽ̨м䣬ʯͷһ׵Ұ滹мûĿͷ
һȻʮˣȫǴˣµĺۼҲֻ
ȻŮӣǵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳֻƽ̨ϵҲԵÿ
úýʣͷţȡú¯ӳȼ¯ӣˮ󷹡
һ£֧֮飬ѩԼȴһѿҪȥЩ֦˵ֵҹ䣬Ҫһ˵ˣлҲ÷һǸѪʲôġ
Ȼ֪һĿģ޷ǾǼ򵥵ʳԵˣҪЩտζʱҲϾҲȥӵġ
˷˰֧ãŪü𣬿׼ؿһ
Թ֮ӼһЩ֦ŽǸţֵЩúͣԭΪһӾͻȼú
벻ǣմú͵Ŀ֦Ȼ׵ľȼſڵϣǴٵŪ˺ôһúͶոˣǶѲһϢңƲ̵С
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˺һ˵Һǵãϴ𣬻˸Ц
ſڵϣĶŻѴ̧ͷЦʵش磬Щ𣬿ܸɣʪأȼʲôЦֵģ
˺һЦ˵ǸԱС̣ΪҲſڵʹĴû뵽ŴţȻԼſˡ
λСŮӰɣԼſˣǺǣЦЦſڵȥһϢ
̾һĬ˺һ󣬲˵С̲ŮӣҵֵܣܻȥҲ
һ˫۾ʹϧӾͲµƣʱѹѾȥǸ£Ӧþλ𴵵ðԼſȥĴԱ
ЦȻЦȴʵЩأ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ſڵϼȥ
̾Ϣһ˵ǸԭشԭͲ㣬С̿ʮƣ˵ųԷԡļſڵϲͣش
ôܣͣǿЦ˵㣬Ҳû˵ǲͣĴҲܱȱżʮԭϰɣ԰ɣ
ҡҡͷֳĬ˺һ˵Сעһ£Լˡ
ЦӦ֪ش磬ֲʱ䣬ʡõģ
ӣվߵƽ̨Եͷ𽥰ҹգƺŬػһЩ顣
ӴһǿǿһЩܴѬӲ档
һ߲۾һֹôô㡭
һҲԽһЩҳǣ֪㻹ô£ͬǱ߲ʱʧݾƽ̨ϽĶѻ
ʱ΢Ļ⣬ܹƽ̨һ㱡ͬˮһ㣬϶֮䣬ƽ̨
ӿЩˣʾ֭Ҳ벻Ϊʲô
ӷ֮ʱ͵ش˳׼ȷ˵˳ϻһ̺ӡ
һߴǳӣյʲôôᡭôζ
ڷһȣһϽվûǸɲ񰡣ǰЩúͣûİ
ʹӣüͷ˵԰ӣϽģϽİѻˣ⡭
⡭תɻĿ
ֺֽеģ羪ѩĲ˼ˣȺߵߣĲ˼缫ǹеʵô£
˵⡭ѩʵ
Ӵ϶𣬵ǰԱһʯͷ¾ͽһȼԭͲʮĻ
ֽð̵Щ֦ͷƽ̨
Ǳô˵ӣҲᰵһ񾭲ֻ𲻵ûаǡ񾭲Ȼãոһȴҵ顣
ԼҲ˵Ϊʲô뷨ΪļӪʱ򣬳СôЦ֮⣬Ҳûʲôġر鷢
ð̵ĻͷתŻڵӣ˵ӣ㴳´ˡ
һᴳʲô磬Ҿ뿾ԳԣҡûԱ硭֪ǺҿĶ̫㣬԰ɣжء޹˵
û˵Ҿ֪տǶģ֪֪Щ棬һľס
˵ѩʧе˵ЩľСľ
ǰһʱڼû£һЩʼǣ֪ϲɽ֮У֡ľ


708 ΣȽ
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˵꣬ӵĻͷľǼҿĽзɱǻʲôö
ʵϰײͬǼҿǻᣬСܵĻĹУܶණǸĻȻ෴ġ
˵ڶĻ֮дǴϡޣȴΪ̡ƻħĻ
ҲͬǶ˵ȫʴȡܵģ෴ν񣬳ܣҲͬײнƻ֮
˵ףҲ˲ͬڶ֮ڻϸֻѺõΪɡѻľΪ֡
Ǽҿڱʼص֡ľȫӦþǡħǡ
ǡľҲãǡħҲãֻǽзϵĲ죬ȴжľ
Ϊľƽ֮ʱҲʲô֮ջӷͺджʣһֺ٣ɲ룬ͷΣ֫ȵ֢״ᷢӡ
ʵľ֮붾߳Ыһ£˵ӵ˾֪ںϾһľ˽ѪƽľҲûав˿ڣ˿ڴһմϵ֭Һڶ̶̵ļʮ֮ڣͻɣԽѪ
Ҳд˵ֽǺġĻҲǾ綾ޱȣ˽仨ĥɷۣ֮У֪˵ȼڶ̶̵һ˲֮䣬ͱ
ǼҿʼľԼǸһľͬкоҶԣһȼգҲ֮ӷڲ֪˶
ѩˣһһ׹ԭԼҪ̰ͼһڸǲǳ˴
ȻˣտʲôģҲٲȥˡ
϶Ǵżůķֵصʱ΢ţʵҲж䣬տųԷҲǷǳԲɡ
Ӵӵƨɣٺ١ĸЦ漴ͷ
ѩ˵ĽͣߵǰüͷʵСľǲǻʧȥһЩ䣿
һ֪ʵģԶԶֹľ᲻ʧȥô򵥡
һϵƽ̨Ϳ׵棬кܶ໹ûȫȼյĻͷ˵˵Ӫ󷹶յЩľ˵ʮˣӦöǴľĶġ
ľĶԵΣ᲻ʧ䣬Ǽҿıʼ浹Ҳûϸ˵ֻԵľӷζԼ֢֮ᷢ״ҲֻǺܼԵἰҲֻˡTreated with cautionԴһ仰α־綾ľģԼη֮ģ͸ûС
ѩЩ˼ϾԼĸ磬жľἰȴû˵
ǲ̫⣬ϾԼĿģֻǼҿıʼǣֲ߶Ļ档
Ҳ֪ľ֮֮󣬵׻ʲôӰ죬ɵ̾һ漴˵ҵļ֮󣬾ͱúǳֱҿСҵߣѹ֮󡭡
˵ͷʾ˼Ӧ˵һˣԴ뿪⴦Ӫ֮󣬵׷ʲô飬ļ涼ѾģˣѹʱӷǵʱͱֵЩ졣
˵һ·ϹҶһֱŬĻ룬֮ҸҵЩֵǣ׾ʲôΪʲôֻһ˻ţǣʵ޷ػԲˣСǷǵģ֪ôܡ
˵⻰ȻûȻʧȴңǷĵ𣬾Բ˵˵ѡ
Ĳ˼һ԰ο˵شҲ˶࣬һҵǵġ
ǰش硭ҲǿοشȻǵС̵Ǹλã˳Ǹطƹȥò˶ãҵǡ
ص̾Ϣһ˵ȥ˯ɣҪֵҹ
˵ͷҲֻˣٸ䣬תҪصȴƳһһԲ
һձ̺ĵϣһֱǱż˵ģɽķһҲ֪Щʲô
̲סߵЦʵ磬ʲôأ
תͷתͷĶЩӲǻң˵תͷȴһתģңϴһ˿ЦݣЦݺǽӲǱϼһ㣬žЩֲ
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ԣڼ񻯣ܿƵĶ񻯡
ʱĲ˼硢ѩҲߣһ˵Ķֱ³
תͷĲ˼˵ȵһȥ˵
˻ش˼תͷ˵ش硢ϴѩôϷ֣Уע˷ѵء
Ĳ˼Ӧһͷ񣬲ʱ˼ֵֻѩҲǹѹӵٴһ㡣
£һ˯øһ㣬ͣ
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ôһ˵ʹֻԺģҲ΢һЩһܳ˯Դһͷ˯ŹȥҲʲôϡ£ο⼸죬Ҳˡ
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ûҪæһʱ֮ȴ޴֡
֮£ͻȻԺ˵λˡ
ϼһܡȻǶܣǺǡ֤һ
ɣϼûȻһһģһǰҲû˯һ˵λ飬ȴǴûôӾȻ˵λˣ


709 ʶĶ1
˵λҲӣҪɣϼ˵ģйԼܵЩ顣
˵ʵԼܵ飬Ǵ鼱֮£ѩ͸¶֮⣬Ĳ˼磬Ҳû˵֡
һƽҲǿԼһЩһⷽ飬ڷҲ˯֮УڸɣϼŪ٩ɽ֮УҪⷽ˵
ɰһϽӵƨһš
ӱһţ˸Ȼϼҡ
˵䣬ӵҲ˵ȥˣʱǺĴ
˺һãٲ˵ˣ΢Щתͷȥ
ʱϵЦݸӹ죬ֻ۾ɵ۽Ƕѿ˿Ѫ¢һƣȹֲֿ
ｹƣڼ֮䣬ȴʵҲ֮˺һžðһա
νðգҲñʶ뵽ʶռȥһ
ʮǿ󣬿ûԹ뵽˵ʶռȥͨ˵ֱǿͨ˵ʶռ䣬ʲôӰ죬˭Ҳ֪
û׼˳ܲǿܸţһܳɹҲӴԺͳһûʶ߻һԶͿҲ˵һ
˵ˣһñʶԼҲͳʶ״̬ҲʧȥұƸӣвܿԼܵ޴˺
˵ðա
Ҳֻһ·ߡ
ԣƽźָ֮ë̺ʹƽ˯һ㡣
һԣ񣬾ۼʶʼ뵽ʶռ䡣
ıʶ˳ľͽ뵽ʶռ棬ֻǲŽռ䣬Եĸе޴𵴣ʹࡣ
Լǿʶռ䣬Ĵ̼ʹ࣬ձʶʶռ֮ʱҲǳ˿ͷġ
Ͼȫɵˣʶʾͬ޴ų֮֮Իоʹ࣬Ҳɴ˶
οʶǿܣʹ࣬ԲǵձԼʶռô򵥡
٣վֻʶϾл֮ʹ࣬ҲƣͲһ
һª棬ͻȻһ̹ˣЩҾ谭Ҳ赲̹ĺֱײ
ԣŬİܼٵ޶ȣʹ֡
о޴𵴣Ҳҹͣάϵʶܣٴμ˼֣ʹԼıʶҲһƶϣۣ
ûȫԼıʶǿȣȻеһǿԼϯ
ǾԲԼıʶһʶ֮ǿҲаƺоıʶǹ̾˹Ҫһ㡣
⣬Ȼǳʶ棡
˵ʶһĳ֣Ҳͺױһ㣬идģգֵԼʶռ棬Լ˯֮ʱѹһ¶첻ʵǱڿԼ
ƣڵҲԼһǱǿ֮סˡ
ҪҲֻнϳȥ߽֮⣬ˣҲͻ᲻ҩ
ֻЩΪѣڱϾʶռ棬ȲԼĵϣҪԼʶռ棬Էһʶռ棬в˵ģضˡ
ԣһ΢ܵ־ܿǹɾ޴һ߼ٵŷӡ
ǹǿ󣬶ҺǸͣ뱫ȫ෴һĵֿ̩ɽѹһ㳯ѹ˹һ˲֮Ҫıʶѹ顣
Ϊ˺ܼ޶ȣʱ򣬵ֿǳֻʱЩ
ۿҪ֮ʣʶռһҵ𵴣֣ʹ಻ȻǸӲܡ
ʹ֮£Ѿڽ߾ȫĵز
һıʶڲϷľκ֮УòҲƲסѡ
ȻǹȻҲܵǿҵĸţڵ֮УЩ
ֱһʶռ潥ήΪһţȻûΪһͷǣһͷȫëѩǣ
֮УƳͷǣʱȻͷɫѩ֣
漴Ҳ׹֮ǰԼŵȴһֻǣУӦ˵ʶռйء
ÿ˵ʶռ涼кܶණЩƽҲᱻ˺ԣֻǱԣ˷ŵʶռǳ״ʶռʧ
һΪĳִ̼ЩŵʶԹȥĶͻᱻ
ӦòֻһεĸͷɫѩǴƽرעԣͷɫѩҲͱŵʶռֲ
Ӧǽϣٴܵ˴̼ԣһֱʶռѩǣҲͱ˳
ֻһһǣʶռ汻𵴵ú֮أȫʧȥ˹Է
Ҫ֪ʶռ棬ϾͬʵأˮĿռ䶼ͬ
ҪȽϵĻʶռͬգû𵴣ʶռΣ֮ȺˮХӾˣΪʶռ𵴣ռ䣬Բһ㡱һ桱
ԣıʶԼûɰѩǵǹһʱ֮伸ֻԱ
ʹ÷֮еıʶ֧űʶ΢ܣҲԽԽ΢еؿһ󷢶£Ҫ³
ڵϾֻһšʶıʶܸоܴܿõ˼ȴֻ޵ģʱܣ£Ҳ³ʲô
ܣҲ֪˶ã֮ʶռƽʱıʶֱַһ붯
ʱûİɫѩǣҲòȥһһƯţһ㡣
ȴҵνҪʹˮҲʱҪ飬ҪȻȵͷѩǻعԿģԼ
ˣıʶſҪʧݾܣͬһֻֽ𰣬ƮƮҡҡͷѩǡ
ͷѩҲовȽ̧ͷҪӭսⲻ֪ıʶòҷѩܹõȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ıʶ͸ѩǱϣġѩǵıϣǡ
ıʶ֮ͬ⣬ýʣܾܵûѩǵںϣϣֱġѩǵıϡ


710 ʶĶ2
ͷѩȻٶЩ־壬ŤԴҪȥҧڱϵȴܹҧš
ûѩǵͣǰıʶ־ֻܹڲҼӴܵȣ޷սʤ
һθʱõľͬһУӲƴȻֻùʼݣ棬һһȥ
ıʶڻٶʮ֮죬ʱһСתΪԼһתǹٶָ˼֡
ʹûɵѩǺǿ־壬סŤ壬ƴҪͷѩͬһ㣬Ƶı
ʶռ棬˵ǱܣҲֻǶٶȾǳ֮죬һգ֮䣬㲻֪˶Զ
ֻıʶȴȥЩֻԽԽǹǹյһʣʱоԼһİĵط
ֵطԼʶռҵ
һֵĵطоռһųγһһ㣬Ȼģģܡֺ滹ණֲ
ʱŪ׹طÿ˶еʶռ仰˵Ҳÿ˵Ǳʶռ䡣
ռ棬ÿ˵ĶһЩƽ޷ֳĶõģаģԱģԶᱻѹŵġȵһС
֮ƽﲻֳΪһ֣Щ
ǺֺЩʲôĶ˵ǺǮʶռ棬׻Щʲô
ÿ˵ĻͬܵĽͬԸҲͬǱʶռ汻ĶҲͬ
֪ԼģЩʲô֪Լʶռ滹ĵطԣҪǱʶռ棬ʲô֪һЩΣҲΪԺԼǱʶռЩ׼
ֺǴйء
ԣ׾ʹ֡
Ǳʶռ棬ռСĶ࣬һһŵģͬһڿռƮЩԣ˵棬ıʶͿһЩӰ񣬵Щȴݵó
еЩЩӰ񣬿ͬԼЩһʵ
ЩӰһһŵģЩЩȴģƣģӦþűģЩЩģģҲʱչ˺ܾõġ
ϸȻһӰ棬ȻһԼĲ˼硢ѩ˵һθĳӦԼһμʱӡ̡
ǰȥĸĸֵ֮ģһӵŮˡȵȣЩˣʶģҲͲע⡣
ЩӦö˼ʽ֮еһЩ˻飬Ҳмԭڸ˵˽£ƽûʲô֮
Щ޷״ĶȻ棬һʱ֮ҲȥϸоʱϵоЩ˽еģȥоԣҲֻǾ㿴ϼۣҲͷ˹ȥ
ЩĶûʲô֮پȻζʱʶռǵûɰǵѾͬԼһ֣ȥ֮Ҳʹ˳ȥ
ֻҪ뿪ռ䣬عȥķӦʱȻֿԼһӰЩ֡
Ӱ￴Ѿȥһʱ䣬ѾЩģֵĵطڣһӰ棬ӰӰ´ʮӰԼȻ
һϴҲţԭҲûʲôֵĵطȴһӰ棬ȻĶ
˵վͷһⶥɽ壬ɽĶϣȻһٺɫĹţ
˵龰Ǹոսħǡʱֵɽ壬Լһš⡱
һӰ棬ȻһЩһǺڰ棬·еǰ
ЩӰϴӦǸһģһΣ֪ʲôԭ˴ûἰ
Ҳûἰ⣬ϾҲкܶĶ벻ˣι˶ûἰ£Ҳпԭ
ǵ׾ʲô˶̶ͬȵʧȥһεļ䡣
ڴˣɵٴϸȥӰ
ֻӰң˺Եվڷɽ£һŷ֮⣬µӰ񣬴ڰ޹ĺڰ֮УңЩӰһֱھҵĻζЩʲô
һֱһӰ񶼿òˣŷһ΢һĵطһͬڵĵط֮ڣͻȻһ⻮
Ƕݣظ˺ü飬ŷ֣֮УиͶмֿ־Ķ
֮˵һֲܿĶΪǶ죬һ޴ĳԴϣȭͷСڶڶ棬һС˺ܶࡢһԲףÿԲ׶ָͷС棬ȻһŸֶһݡ
һ­ͷ­
­ͷӣʬǱ¶ƫƫһ˫ͬݹǵĺɫצӣּеⶫȣ˵ⶫϰܿǸΡز£һèƶȸèһ죬һͬȫǼǹͷνӶɵβ͡
ԳԼεĹǾ󢣬Ҳûټȫǹͷƴճ˹ĶȴǶ⵽ʲô
ӰҲһӰ󴦣󣬻ϾһŲסζĺڰ¼ΪӰҲˡ
˼䶼ģʧȥԭӦþǸġèƶ
һӰ֮΢΢Ƭ̣ҲûдȥıҪˡ
һӹɣǹèƶԼվҪȥһ̽ģȥǱʶЩ˽¡Ҳûʲô˼
ѶıʶٴδǵǱʶ֣ʶռ䣬صԼ
ۣŷ֣һذһ˫۾ҪƵġ
ӣڸʲôʵ
תͷѪ۾ŭһһҲͰˣҪͯӹҵĶӶҪˡ
ôŭʱ׹Լͷûѩǵʶռƴڻجج֮һСģŵӵɲʹѹֹ
ֲһԼıʶĲ˳
ʱǰԼûѩǵǹ˳ҲڲӰ졣
ȥһȻǰǹЦʧˣӲҲ˺ܶࡣ


711 Ϯ1
Ȼ֪᲻ʹ˻ָ黹΢̲סһЦ
ЩܻŭҶӾˣﲻæҲˣ㻹Ц㻹ҵĶô
ٺ٣ⲻǻһôЦ
漴˵ˣںҪϢһ¡
ոںҽе˵磬Ͱ˰ҡһô˯
ӣֱȥĲ˼硣
ʱѩĲ˼ȻţҲûʲô֡
һعͷ
ôĲ˼ʵĵģȻ״
ѩȴʵʲô֣
ȴǿЩȵʵô£
˼һ뷢ʣңʵ⣬ȻϵҪһ˵ȴҲ̫ס
΢һ£ֻôӦûˣҲȫȷҵȷһЩ飬ش磬㻹ܻܲһΣӦҲǸһģ
Ĳ˼ЩԾİһ״ȷǲԤʾѾĸӣ
šѩ˵ͷӦֲǡ
ȴ΢šŶһϴθԼһģԼôӡҲûУ
ֻ֪ԼļЩģô˵Ȼо⣬ȴܳԾԣֻǵŶһ
Ƭ̣ѩʵ˵شһطԼҲǲ԰ɣ
˵ͷ΢һ£ʵҲ֪úܾ壬ֻһЩţˣܲƾܻһЩ󣿡
Ĳ˼̧ͷһܰһЩæŪʲô
ص˵ҹƣЩӦشǾһЩ飬Ҿô˵ܻ̫һЩҪܹ󻭳Կشָһξļ䣬ܲЩ
Ĳ˼˵ͷһ£һֻ󴽸࣬һֽҪһŻֽѣֽҳһС
ţԼǱʶռ濴Щһһ˵˳Ĳ˼һһ߻
Ĳ˼ĻпɣкЩĬһԲʱָ֮ʱһͼ㱻Ĳ˼ֻĲ˼õģֻһֻɫǳ󴽸࣬ȻȴûԵɫ
һˣվڷɽ£̧ͷһٺɫͼ
Ĳ˼续꣬Ĳ˼ӹһϸһĲ˼续øԼӡĲࡣŽݵǰʵش磬龰Щӡ𣿡
ӹյֵ£ϸ˺һҡͷ˵Щӡ󣬵Ǻһ
ûٶʣֻ˵ͷĲ˼ſʼڶͼ
ڶͼǮʶռ濴ޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮Уֵ֧磬ҲǰƵΡ
ͼֻһ֧ɫĲ˼˵Ҫ⾳ࡣ
Ͼ֧󴽸ɫǳӽǳõɫټĲ˼ŵĲֽɫǽӽۣҪٻ֮еĵڶͼѾ㡣
Ĳ˼ҲֻڲֽϻȼʣճƵֵ֮Ҳȥˡ
һԿ˺һͻȻתߵǸ׵棬΢˼£ҳһͷȻݸĲ˼硣
ͷȼչľ̿ԭǺɫĲ˼һʱϲѡ
Ĳ˼ĻɣҲֻͣĲϣԭҪľǦʻľ̿̿ʣʱͷþһ̿ʣ
ˣһ֮кڰмֵͼĲ˼УһӶ͡
ѩչһͼȴɵüͷʲôһԽ˵˵һɽΣѩҲΪĳϾ̫շ˭ֻҪ·ζУø𿴣һ׼ǲʲôӡ
ӡûУֻʱΪӦýѭ򽥽óȻһӰѺЩӹֲӰ˵ֻ˼ά
˵ˣĲ˼续Щ򵥵ĶҲԼıĲ˼˵ҲõĬ
һԭѩʲô֮ͼֻһۣʱ
ȻһǺϤȴûϵ
˵ԵЩ¡Ĳ˼续Щ棬һġ㡱ңЩ㡱űȻϵģֻҪЩ㡱Լϴεľ֮ڣԼ֪ʲôȥЩ㴮
һεжûʲô̫壬ǱϾԼһξһʧȥ˵ļ䡣
μǺûǻڼϣͲٳһģ
зҲȥǱʶռ棬һֱ̽ӸЧ
ϧǣǱʶռ棬ԭӦÿĶҲ˽˵ĶףÿʵһЩñ֪顣
ݻǵλֻǾǶԶǳ˿ɱȣ˽˵ĶȻǱȳ˶˲֪ٱǡǡЩҪǰĻֲ뿴ܺԹȥġ
˵Ǳʶռ棬ЩӰ죬Ͳ뿴ģǵǰֻһۣҲ֪ˡ
˵ˣܡʶ뵽ǰʶռ棬Ǿͱ־ţԼȻܣһֱԸҲ顣
ֹǣԸȥȡֱЧķӣȥŪһ׷ʲô顣
Ĭ˺һſʼĲ˼续
Լ˺üſǸèƶ˵
жϣǸèƶֲ˳Ƕ˷ϮԵʧȥһεļ䡣
⵽һʲôĶȻˣҲûرܣķһǶǲܱ顣
ֻôҪָһμ䣬оҪ֪һЩϸڣ֪һЩص㣬ܱһ֪ĺá
Ĳ˼èƶϸʱ̲סľһèƶĻ񣬰Ҳ˵
ã˵ⶫҼֻһۣҺǵãʱҵͷʹֻǿһۣһҲúǴæ֮󣬾ʲôҲǵˡ
֮ǰأʵ
֮ǰ֮ǰ૵߶ţȴ˵֮ǰԼ׼ʲôʲô
ʱ𶼻޷ػԼһξ̾һǱʶռ濴ĶģҲֻ⼸㡱ˣģҲֻһƬڰҲ˵ٽȥҲܵóʲôۡ
޷ԭļ䣬ֲԸȥ̽Ǳʶռ䣬飬Ҳֻþʹ˶ա


712 Ϯ2
ѩܿͷ˼ԼŻ㶵Ĳ˼磬׷ɻĵʵһʲôû˵ҪȻڹʲô˵˵
̾Ϣһ˵ѩʵЩҲΪҪŲ˵֪ģкܶ飬û˵
ѩЦЦֵ˵⣬㲻˵Ҳû㣬ɣ˵˵ķ֣ôҲи׼
˵ͷ˵ҲãҷȷȷʵʵǸش繲ͬһΣҲشϴ飬ǵãǴһʼ棬ֻǵشţ飬Ҳͬǵһɶ
ѩ˵ͷ˵ҲһЩҪʵǣĲһĶûСӴ߸оʲô
ҡҡͷǶϾֻǰʶռһӰԼӴҲܾܺ壬ܸоʲôϾֻһӰ
һҪ˵оʲôŴֻܸоĹͿֲģû취
ѩֵЦ˵ֻǿĲĻҲܸоǶȷֲܹܿ죬񡭡ˣ˵ˣʲôЩ
ȥѩôһ䡣
ЦЦ
ֻ˰ɡѩЦ˵ЩʲôֶΣһ֪ʲôʱֱĳߣʵĲͺ֮͸ʵˣߺߣСҰЩ¶ȫ
ЦЦвҰɣҪҼãҪҸ˼ѣǺǣϧǣҶҲȥ
ѩԳԵЦ˺һ˵вɣǺǣˣ㻹ӦңҪΪ£һ㻹ûġ
һʱЩţòҪҵɡ
СߺߡѩЦ˵ҪʲôãҪȢҶҪҲ̫С˰ɣ
ץץԴ˵Ѿͷһѱץһѵðѩܲ˵һҰˣ
ѩǳԳԵЦһ˵ģҪʱȻҲͻ˵Ҫʱ˵Ҳûáףʲô
ĶѩҪ౶ոѩһ£һ󷢻ţΧҲͺ˹ȥ
ѩôһ˵Ͻȥ
ԭ⡰ħǡ棬ҲЩ˴ˣҲͲá
ֻϸ֮£Ȼ̶ǹ죡
漴ǹ಻ңԽԽ仹ʱżȡ
κܺǡɫ΢䣬˵
ѩһ˵κܺһˣüͷɵ΢΢һ壺úÿ죡
΢΢̾һ˵Ⱥ
ʱĲ˼Ҳǹͺüͷ˵ǵ׻ǸˣС㿴ҪҪȥһѣ
κܺȻйһЩλϸ࣬κܺΣգҲ̫ģڹϣһ䡣
Ĳ˼˵˷㣬Լ㣬ȥһѡ
ѩҲ˵û׼ǻһǸèƶ˾Ͷһһȥ
΢һ£˵Ǿţסֵ磬ʱ׼Ӧ
˵ţһֵ֧磬Сƽ̨κܺ˵ķ˳ȥ
ʱκ֮ܺˣÿﶼһѳǹЩֻʵĶȺ
Ҳ֪ôģһ뵽ħǣκܺͷȺ
ҷֵüʱ˵ĵ൱ӣҲǽһĵطκܺһȺ㼴ʹкЩֻʣҲȫš
κܺȴ˼ĳһطΪЩط޷أֻµһ໥֧Ԯһ߳ˡ
һٲг̱ȺΧ֮ơ
ȻҲǵһطҪʲôطˣκܺκܺһﲻ֪Ҳһرã˱սˣȻ߹·
ֻǲʱκܺ㿴ҹ֮һĹԼ
κܺһ·һߴе졭˳׹ָǾǱߡ
иֺļһʱеȥ裬˼Ҷ㣬Ǳô
˵ţ硱ֱӽһͷ˵ǰѩǴõ˳ȥ
һ΢ЩɳƵȵκ˵Ǳȥ֪жԶҸطֻҪصͺðˡ
һЩȴȵֻҪ˵ıߣǱȺһΧҾͲǻ᲻֡
κܺߵһ·ϣһȥϵĽӡһߴУϵ˵öԣֻҪǰȺǱߣǾͳɹһ롭
ֺӴ˼ǹڻţ˼κܺУûС˹ˡ
ˣֻһգۼ䣬㵽κܺվǸ·ϣȵߡ
СԹκܺûҪȥӵ
ֻܿκܺٴγȵߣߣڻ
κܺһ꣬һߴеںģô߰
ǹһƵţһ߽еÿʮףҶһֵ磬䣬̾Ϳü
˵ţ۶ֻһǹը죬Ǻ¡һ죬עܵӵ˲佫һͷѩըû˰ӣײһʯϣըǶʯһҡΣһգ۱̮һƬѩʱһ¡
ĺЩ㵲ѣֻŵʲôӵôôһСɽˣѵõĺöҪԼһӸɳȥжǶñըɸɾ
ֻһǹִеǻŸʲô߰
ֻĺŵƬ̣һߵ㴫ǺӦȺǼȥ·£ƿط˹
κܺոܹ䣬ȻԶĵطһֻŵֵ磬Ҳָ·ֵ硣
κܺϲѣǿе졭ߣָ·ġ
ռŲڣһߵ˹ǣǹӵһɱͷǣԱߵʯڣԼϸըһӣǰǶʱ΢΢һ٣üͷҪͷȥ
ǺӿͷǣֱԴǰǣ˹
Ҳԥǹʼݣһǹٷŵһͷǰǣٰһʯը̮ʯ̮һ˺üͷѩǡ
龰ԭΪһû뵽ǰըһ֮ϾȻʼͷ̽˳ӣٹһգ۵ĹǾͻϳһɣֱ


713 Ϯ3
κܺԼǼˣԮȽؼǻǰ·ÿʮ׶һָʾֵ磬¼һѷԹȥһ˸ǶϺ
֪ȺѩǺηҲȺ֮Уٴηŵͷ֮󣬵ͷߡ
ֻٶȣκܺǼ˸ûӱ⡣
ֻһƬ̣ٴδڵκܺǼǰˣʹκܺ˲ûԶͷѩǾҧ˼˵ƨɡ
ҺӺֲתɵͷǣȺ΢һ롣
κܺһһֱԸ˵ˣò׷ǰǹȴ䣬κܺɵôеǹСٲǹǾˡ
΢΢һЦǹã
κܺһǰһ㬵˵С֪ǹܹ󡭡ֻҪȺκһӦĲ
΢΢һЦɴ಻
ʱӸʮֽӽλãȴԽԽԽԽ࣬һͷȴӷ
ǿǿ˵ǰʱӵ·һͷץˣǸǹӵҲˣ˲û˵ֿ
˾Խһɲǣڿ۶˰ǹը죬ȺһƬһƬıըըɡ
һ߸УһŭǸģһΪʲô粻ǹ
Ҳŭģãþں桭
ŵһƬѩǣЦЦ˵ô
˵գɴҲȥȺͷߡ
ŭߡ
Ҳǹ׼ȵļһãǵţҿԸһôҪȻ
תͷ˵ҪȻô
һǹ˨ٴǹڣȴеˡ
һЦתͷﳤȥ
һ߿ǹȺһߴеСӲӲġ
ĵתǹڣһһŭһһС֪ҵ
һ仰û˵꣬ȺѾǰ
Ӵе򣬿쳷
ʱǴеߣڻ
ӵҲתˣʮ׵ĵط򣬳
ӵڻ£ܿͷˣһʮԶĵطȻУڻӡ
໥ڻźˣȷʧΪһȫЧķӣⷨƴҲҩӸһֱַʽĻǳŲ˵Ӫء
ֻ˽ڻźΣ׷̤е
ʱӸ˵ĶѾǱˣ˶۵øһ˵һڣؼѾûӵˡ
Ҫٲ֣ҲŲγˡ
Ӹ˵ܵÿ죬ȴͥɢʱ㱻ѩ׷ϣҲתǹڣһҺ䣬һգۼ㽫ȺƵõʮԶ
Ӹ΢һֻ˰Ҳûͣڻ˼ԹԲҪǰܡ
ȺתӸɵһЦͻȻ٣֮䣬㱼ǰ棬ֱ׷κܺ
ֻӸֻŵͷѾǰ棬˶ǻȻ
ӻһһ˵СӿǱȺˣҪҪһѡ
ͷҲصŭƨģôõļһõ㵣ģ
ֻǻûܳԶӱеãˡ
˵գӲҽһһͷ˵ڵء
һϽͷһӡ
ںڰ֮УҲ˷ѵҩҪȻûͷٷӵǸ˷ѵĲˡ
ǣҲǴѲһӵɲɣôϵͷǵԴϣֱӽͷǴ÷˳ȥ
æҵڵϵǹҲҪˣҽţӱһֱǰܡ
һӴǹӵҪУȴûڻһգۼ䣬ͷǱ˵˸ǰ
ѩеȳζ䡱һһƬհס
ǧһ֮ʣһӰһ˳ֻۡļ죬˵ǰǼͷѩǶʱ˳ȥ
ߡ˼ͷѩǣ˳ֽǹתͷԴһе
㡭˺һγѣеֻˡ
硭˼ǹٴαȺȵҲپڶΡ
΢΢һ漴һȱܡ
΢΢һü΢־ȺƬ̣Ҳͷȥ
ֻٶȣίʵӵ޷ģֻһգۼ䣬ҪԽˡ
ӵǿӰӣɵôеС
Ҳүү
ȻûԺˣһٶĳԽˣ˶ں棬ҪٲҪѵǰֻ꣬Ǹˡ
һүû˵Ǹ֮ĻϣǴ϶Ѿˡ˼ʵͰҪӲ͵ȹȺһ˵
ƫƫûȺһأȴҲ˵ġ
ֻһүɵЦһ£ȴͻȻ֮תͬһĨһ㣬˲ص
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Уһǹը죬˲һƬѩǵİ
˲ɵ΢һֻһɣȴֲ̱˵ϣһ˲໥ţĵȥ׷κܺˡ
һΣҲûǰϼǹȻŤͷܣһǹȺĺ˳ȥüʮԶŴҡڵߣһȺָһҺ䡣
ΣһֱصӪء
صӪ֮ʱ׷ѩѾû˶٣Ĳ˼硢ѩѩǿֵ֮µľ׼ʱΪļͷѩǱɢߡ
ֱʱȥκܺĸˡ
κܺǰɥĸˣһ·׷ú࣬ÿһ춼Ҫڸһ·̣Ҳ׷
ǽϣԭѾ׷ħǡ⣬ʵûˣǸ˲Ӫû뵽ͻȻðһȺü˳˴еװӪ档
ڵˣʱɪɪһΪ̫ͣһȴΪո
Ĳ˼翴ọ̀ѻ˯֮еӽü·ӵ˻ϡ
ΪǸֵصʱ䵽ˣһ෭Ĳ˼˵κܺ˵ˣӷ˺һŽԼ˺ü˳
ֻǵʱȥע⿴ӵˡ
ǸʮˣıҪߴһЩŨüۡģǳЩ׶
Ӿ˲٣ʮӣһ֪һҲǵϻģȧеĵ̣ȴһƬ׺֮ɫ
עȴǸһֱϿ˵ˣҲʮңļȳƣݱ뺷һ֪ӦǸɹְҵġ
ﳣ¶һƬãκܺ߶ӵҲر׽κܺһ֮еһࡣ
ֵǣӸ˶ȴЩη壬һɹȥӸ˼ʹƿڴҲסڲ
Ǻ棬һ֮£֪ճг֡
֪㳣ֵġֵ֡ġ֡


714 ʧȥ
κܺӵ˴ůˣӸҪԵģ˵ǸոӪ㱻Ϯʲôɾˡ
һκܺͲʹ֮ʳʳƷκܺﲻκܺ䣬ݲ¡
ֻκܺӪϷźüɿ֦һ߳ʳʳһ˵Свôﲻһ𣬺Ǻǡжѻ𣬾ǣҲẦµġ
䵭Ĵ̫죬ȥջɡ
Ӽʳֺĺȵնѻͻˣݡģʲô
̧ͷһۣӺĻɵ˻ȥ
˰Σ˵ӣȻֵܲͱ£ϽҸطϢһ£컹Ҫ·
˵ţҡڵľĲ˼ǵȥ
ȵվס
عͷ¶һĨɫ漴еʵôˣ
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Ůôˣڲǿŵ𡭡ĺɫٴð˳
ֻǳʱ˵˼֮ĵһ仰˯߰ɣ˼ҡ
һǳƣ벻ǣһ֮󣬾Ȼ˸Ц˵ðɣȻǳֵô˵ˣǾ˯߾ˡ
ѩü˵⼸ˣôģ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵㲻·ϵǰɣ
ЦЦ˲ʲôˣԼҲעһˣȥϢ˶࣬òֵҹˡ
£ֺᷳκܺˣ˴˸кͷȥ˯£ԹԵ飬Ҳù档
ֻĲ˼ѩˣۿŮӽ˯ˣתͷȥЦЦԳ˵ϣһ㶼ѼңǸŮԻġ֣֡ʲôطˣ
ֵһֻۣתͷȥ
⣬ЦҪǲĻҾͽһ硯Ǳ˴Ҳøƺ
˭֪ɲԴҲת
ֻҲɲ⣬Ц˵ӦòǸһģ԰ɣ
תͷɫЩȻ̫࣬
ѳֵĲһ£ֻЦЦּ˵磬ҾЩ棬֪κܺ˲̫ףȴɸһܸܲңΪʲô
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κܺȴԳּ˵ѵΪ˷ƣ
˭֪־ȻĴǡ
Ϊ˷ƣֲǸһġЦţû˵ȥͻȻ֮ԴһʱЩĽ˵ѵҲһ
ʲôһɫ䣬ֲüͷʵ˭һ
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㡭ֵãͷ˺һ˵˭ô֪Ѱһμģ
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ҡҡͷĿǰΪֹƾŴǱʶռ濴ĶҲҶ϶ô£ֻ˵ڴϣ֪Լֵˣ޷͵Ķ
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ǲǸèƶĶʧȥ䣬һ㣬ҲҶ϶ΪҲû̫֤ݡ
ǵ׷ʲôҲѰİɣһУڲ֮󣬾ͻõżҲûãǺúõϢһ°ɡЦЦο
˵꣬ҪȥϢģû뵽һ֣ס˵ܶ飬ּǲ˭˵Щ¡
£΢΢һЦҲµûӦش˵ģҵЩֻЩС£ҳݡ
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ֵĻЩңǼС
һ˵Ʋ⣬ش磬ԭҲѣشҲֻǺ֪ʲôԴҶʧȥһεļ䣬ⲻ㣬߻һģҲǸһ
üͷ˺һԵǶϤȴҲ벻˭
˵һʼش˵ʮֵܣĳطңҲͼЩԮ
ʮ˱ţִϢӼ٣֪ԮʮˣǲһֱúҪȴ벻顣
˺һֲ˵С㻹֪Щʲôܸܲ˵øϸһЩ
ҡҡͷ֣Լ֪Ĳ࣬ϴεжҲǻûʲô̫˽⣬ǴǱʶռ֪һЩҲģҪϸһ޴˵
ֺЩʧ˵κܺʵκֻܺããʧ֮ʣκܺӡˣΪ̯ϳһԲϣһܡ
κֲܺؽҪԼıڣֺǲмκܺᵽһСǴĵطóָоϤԼԼ֮־ԼǽΪҪǴЩϵԲŸ˹
һֱԼκܺһģκܺǾκܺ˶˵Щô˶ѣӸˣ궼ڸɵĹӣָм֮Ϊ顣
˵飬ҲûʮַϣǡǴ⼸֣ȴһ
ΪǼҿռ￴֣ңľҲǴϵһġ


715 Ǵ
Ǽҿռ˵˵ĵھСӣصĿĵأǴҲ֮һ֪ľǴȵȣҲǼҿӵھСпġ
ΪǼҿҲǲȱȫԶǴļҲǼΪԣ˵ˣھСӸûܵǴǴϣҲֻǻ̽Ѱ׶ΣԣǴô£˭Ҳ˵
뵽κܺһȻ˵Ǵֶ֪Ǵ֪١
һȥ̽̽κܺĿ
ֻκܺѾ˯˹ȥϾͲС־ҹıӣټϸԭӦʱƣԼ
棬ȻҲͲȥκܺۻǲֱۣߵκܺߣ硱һκܺϣֳκܺĶ䣬һˡ
κܺƵģһӾͱ˵ԴҪܡ
һקסκܺЦκ壬أôţ
κܺ˺һ󣬲Żع۾ŭС֪κʹˣҡ
ЦЦ˵Բˣκ壬мҪ£Ҫκ㡣
κܺ˸Ƿҡͷ˵ʲô²˵κý˯
ֻקκܺЦ˵κ壬˵˵Ǵ£
ǴκܺʹҡҡͷԼ΢һֳĬһ˵ǸС¶仰仰һҲ˵˵κͲǴһۣöĶҲͼǲˡ
ЦЦκܺļһκܺϣ漴Ц˵κ壬ǴӦҪҵĵҩģٺ٣ҲǧһӵղҲͲһӵ
κܺһڣʲôӵҪǧһΪǵ
Ц˵κˣۣʮҲͲˣҪȻɾǷһĴˡ
⡭κܺ˺һ˵Сֶ˭˭ٺ٣һҼֻҪܱ֤һ·ϵİȫ˵ضұ֤ɲ˵
ЦЦ㲻˵ǰɣǺǣ֪ҲôزǷҵģծ
˵С˵ɣǶ٣ֲʮ򣡡κܺһּһſƤ
ߺߡЦź˵κ壬ΪҲ֪ڴʲộǰɣãҾͺúõĸ˵˵⼸ˣͷǶԸˣ˳˳˳ĵǴǺǣ㶺أ
˵ˣκܽǴҾͲܣǴ棬˭˭˭üɲκ˵˻ߺߣҿ˸ûǸ˼Ų㣬κҪ˵Ҳûϵһ磬Ǵ졭
κܺһţ̽еҪС֪ǸոնеߣҪǶκңⲻκȥô
ЦЦȴ𻰣ڳһˣ˵ļƣתҪߡ
κܺЩˣϽקס˵ССл˵л˵
תЦκ˵ˣ
С㿴вСκܺת˼תǴ飬ҿԸ˵
κܺ˵ȥһЦҡͷ˵ûСҲּۻ۵ġ
κܺɵ̾Ϣһ˵С֪Ǵգ㿴κҲһϹͷ쵽ڣʲôҲûУָһأЩǮԺͻؼ̤̤ʵʵĹӣκˣв
κܺôһ̲סһ˵κ壬²Ҳܣоϻô˵ţˣǽ̹κǲҴţҾܣҲܲ˰Ĳ˵ӵĻԼֵһأ͹ˡ
κܺҲ֪ӸĲ˼˶Լ̬ȣҪǲõʲô˵ӵҲ᲻Լ͸˵ˡ
˺һ֮κܺ˵СҲ֪κûʲô£ҪģܻڵΨһʱһҪȥҪ
˵һˣ֪κܺ˵ĶʵҲͬκܺһûʲôʵС
κΣǰˣԼûаƫƫȴʱҪű˵С
ˣÿΪޱȵüƣÿһζѪ޹顣
˺һ̾һ˵κ壬ˣҪ˵ȥҲûʲô˼ˣúõɣʲôʱԸ˵ˣҰɡ
˵գľҪߡ
ֻκܺ˵С˵˵𣿡
˵κܺԹԵ˵
ڵһθ֮ǰκ֪ܺǸطǴڽҸ˻ȥ֮κܺĲǴıأЩǮȥֻ类Ǵŵ˵С׬һʣִκܺЩǮκܺһЩϡ
˵Ǵһ˵ͨһͨŻͨʲôط֪ݴ˵ÿ˶ǹҪ뵽һ磬Ҳùȥ򣬱ᱻػͨĶд
֮Ǵ汦Ƕǽ뵽һˣڽ֮ǰĲ֮
κܺǴһܲ˴粽еĲر֮أ˵ʲô֮ģκܺȻš
κܺٴǴ֮ʣҲϴȥ׼ϻʱκܺκܺЩʧȽǴĻؾƽ⣬Ĳһգκܺû뵽ǣ漴ȴҲ飬Ųһеĸ˹
˵֣ȫǸΪκ֪ܺ־ֵܡ
ΪһκܺҲֻǴΧ֪ģʵǷǳޣ֣κܺҪӳһЩϸϣ˭֪ԺҲ˵ų֣κֲ֪ܺؼʱԼѡ
ϸĻζһκܺĻκܺ˵Ĳʵپ֮񻰴˵ҲͲ˵ˣǴλü˵Ǹ磬ǴӺ֪ģ
ΣǴΧʲôģκܺ˾ʲôЩκֲֻܺᣬⲻǿô
ʣκܺЦ˵ô֪Ǵλõģ治ãӣû׼ĹҳҲ˵һʲôֻ˵һǸطһѩʵģΧ塭
ο֣ҲֻӪأҲ룬ƫƫʲôһףȥ֪øࣿ
κܺҲ϶˵ɵЦһ£˵㻹ǺΪ֮ɣش粻ǵó£гһգش׼Ҫ
ҿԶ췢ģȻججģҾûκܺЩϽ췢˸ģҪаٻҽϹͷ磬Ҷù
Ҷ⼸ÿ˸ٹ̵ĹκܺȻԣҲǱƵüˣһ¾֪ʵڲǡ


716 
ɵٴΰ̾ϢһҲȥκܺһҹҲ˯š
κܺǼҿ֪Ǵ飬ҲͲˣֻǴӺ֪طģУǴԲΪЩҲΪֺؿ˥صĻΪʲô
Ǵ浽Щʲôô£ҲҪһ̽
ЩԣһҹҲû˯⣬һҹȺҲûϮһȺ˵ƽƽİ
ոӾԭÿ춼ģʱҲֻǶԷֻǽϣӲѶϴλá
ȥһ벻ǣȻѾ˹ǵ龹Ȼˣûϳ
֪ԼóȻʶռ䣬ܸĸãЩǸȻܸʶռĴ̼һʱҲˣֻԺһᡣ
Ҳ֪ܶԼȷǸöԱ˵˲ҲźܺõЧԱ˵Ǳʶռ䣬ȴҲ׽룬һãԱĪ˺
Էʱǲκܺŷӳ
Ǻǳһ٣ҪӱΪκܺ
ֻӸˣЩᣬһɫԵӣӶĲ˼ѩ˾ͲŲ
һҪѩֶӵʱǲޣֹ̳˵ֻҪҴĲ˼ѩ˵ע⣬һĻȥιǣ
ҲӸ˵֮üͷ˼䵭
ְ仰Ҳû˵óҲǷӸ˵Ϊף²Ӹ˶Ը˵ģҪѵӸˣҲֲ֡
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κܺ𲻷ţǰͷ·һ·ֹģҲ֪˵Щʲô
Ӹ䵽˺棬ǷһٺٵĵЦһ֪ڱ˵Щ顣
Ϊһϵħǡģߵ磬ʱ֣һ˱㴩ˡħǡǰ߲һСʱɽ¡
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ѩ֮УܼҲ÷ǳͣĿҲԿʮ֮⡣
Ըκܺǻعͷһӣÿ˶ϵϣڷѩ֮ɢ
ܼȲߵľҲüΣҲѩֻǵȼϵӣǰߵʱ򣬵Ѿ˴Ļѩʹ·ﻬѡ
ҵǸ˶һϣмͷţʹһˤҲڳʲô̫⡣
һ˶ŷѩײײߵɽ£ȴѾûٿݵȫòˡ
ֵúܣʹѩɷֺڳƷѩ֮Уͷһź˸ʹüΧһƬ΢졣
龰ǹ죬ͬѪѩ֮У˲Щľ
κܺ˽⿪ѩѰ˺һҵһ鶥˱߽Ǽͬ󵶷ʯͷ
ϸһʯͷʯͷܸߣ˵ҲףڹƶңȴܺԭӦһ޴ʯ
ֻʯұ߶ˣбӶ£ֱһ׶ĸ߶ȣббĲһ룬ʣµʯһǼ̣ǱͷӲȥһ飬ʹֻһۣ㲻һ
ֻʯϣκλƻ߷ţҲ֮Ķһ㣬Ĵѩ
ѪɫѩͬȥһʯһжԵô졢ֲ
κܺ˶ʯ˺һſʼʯȥ
˵߷Щ֣ߣýŲѩأ
ʵϣκܺ˵ȷһһģһֱ߳ʮ岽
ĸߴÿһʮ֣ʮ岽Ѿ֮⡣
ӵ˺ʧϽ˹ȥֻ׷֮ǳԾ
ǰƽһʯͷΣȻǶʮ岽֮ǿʯɽһ֡
ʵڳԾѵǣȱʯ绯󲢲ԣǶ⻬룬΢Сļˣûһ˿𻵣ȻһѼ׶
Ǳϵġȱʯ˵
ϵġʧֻһ죬㱻һѩӡ
תͷܿӭĿ磬ʲô
Ҫ֪һʯ˵Ҳʮ֣ʲôһӿ鲻˵һ飬ʮ岽Զ֮ޣ֮Ҳǿֲ֮ˡ
κܺһԿһ˵ǵķûҪҵڡ
ƳһκܺĿһȱʯ˵գʱ򣬾ڿʯϣС̡С̾ʯ桭
𲢲ѰڣκܺҲ˵գҾǱ簲Ⱥǵġ
ֶдʯĳһЩʲôȴ޷þ壬ʱֱԴһʹ࣬ʱҡҡ׹
ѩĲ˼˸Ͻַס˼Ƭֹʹҩι֡
ʱӸ̾¶ӵıԣһֱϵָ뵱ֹ̣ѰѨĿھһ·ϼһ֦סٿѩҪѰǴڡ
ֻŲдʯɫľȻƾС̣Ŭʲôվƾ籩ѩĴһҲ
Ҵ𣬵¸ȥֳ֣Ĳ˼ֹҩһʱȴûʲô̫ЧӲڵϣóʱ档
κܺȴǵȵЩͷܹһ֣岻ϻܹȥӡһ
ʱ˱ʧҲ߲˶ԶϾҲͲʮ׵ľ룬Χʵֱ㱻ѩ衣
ǣͷţվھ˼ԶĵطɫЩ㤣Ǳѩ͹ʯŵˣǵһμֳһ㡣
ȴúܣΪԼǱʶռ䣬ʹļ䣬׵׵ʧˡ
Ҳ֪ȴμ䣬˵Ǻ»ǻ£
䣬ÿ˵ۺû߻˽еģκ˶ûȨĨȥ˵ļ䣬ȴ뵽Ǳʶռ䣬ǿĨȥһμ䡣


717 ͷʼ
ȳֵͷʹ΢һЩҲع
ߵǰһ۳֣΢΢ͻȻָ֮ԼҲϤһ㣬ϤʲôزȴɲǺ
ôʵ
ҡһŵסǿ
ҪǳŲסĻء˵
ҡҡͷҶʧ˵ĶҵԼȥһ
˵ͷֶ˵Ҳʧ˺ܶĶ֪һжǴ￪ʼģֻܴͷʼ
֪˼ȻһֵļȴѾģʧڵļûκΰڣֻܴͷʼͷ
ʱκ֪ܺ˳Զʹţҵ·ˡҵ·ˡ
תͷһκܺ漴˵ֵܣǵ飬أչţ
Ĭһյ˵ͷ˵Ҳãϰģһһֱȵǳһȥ
һأҲǷҪѰһμĿܣҲãϾǰĵ·Ī⣬ֻһͨˣʧȥһμ䣬ùһЩ˲ܽܵʹࡣ
˸㹻ȼϡʳȵʣŸȥڡ
ֻκܺں棬ס˵Сҵһϴµġ
ЩмʹǵҲԼֵģڱ˺棬һ𲻿飬˵ϡǵãڣӦþڲдʯԶǰ档
κܺ𲻿ϸȥļΣ˺һ󣬾ȻͷȥٴȥӸȥ
ˣڲдʯм䣬һм㣬Ȼһһǰߡ
ýŲһֱ߾룬ۣҡ
ʱߵһ±ϡ
ֻȴûͣ½Ų˼ǰߣ̾ͻ¡
ɰһϽǰס
ֻסˣֵ±ϣֻһ£漴ȥ
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˵ţһӣ˼Ǳ۾һ¡
ֻоߵķ죬ò㶼ܺԾ׹ĸоֻоҲֻһ˲䣬һ˲ֻ֮о΢һе׹òܺȵȸо̾ʧøɸɾ
ŷԼѾ̤ʵˣ𡢳˾վԼԶĵط
ֻ֮ռ룬ʮ֮ⶼ֪Ƭطж󣬶ʲôĵΡ
̧ͷȥͷȴͷڳһƬԶһƬڵ£±ڸʣֱڳա
ƫƫ۾һĲ˼ѩ˱ѾȵվԼǰ
Ĳ˼ѩδν̤ʵأûܿ
ֱʱӲ۾ɽקʵ磬Ļģ
ȴ˵ˣ߰ɡ
һߣһʵ˭֪ôģ
ֻ˭ɻ󣬵˭˭֪ԼΪʲôôɵľˣ˭һ˭ȥı顣
û˻شʻӲɵüͷֹ˵۷һ۷˿źܸߣʵϸûߡ
ֹֻû˸ǻ
˳һΣԼʮ׵ľ룬˾Ȼһͣ£ǰһ£סȥ·
˶һã֮УӦþǴʽڣʵȴˡ
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ԣɽұϣҲȻ
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תһȦ־һʵش磬ǲǼǴˣ
ֻôһʣ˶ɵðһۣҪǻܼǵãҲòôˡ
һͳһӣȡһѱ䣬嵽ϣһͷϵڱϣȻſӡ
Ĳ˼һ֪⡪ֻҪÿ˽ӵһͷ˩ϣܹѰľ룬ӵĳȣҲᵣɢ
óӣ˵ҲʮףԱΪĵĻѰ뾶ʮ׵Ѿһֳ޴ˡ
Ϊ˼ӿѰٶȣÿһ˶䵽ϣȻԱΪĵ㣬ʼѰ
ȻһȦת꣬ٴξۺʱˣھʮ׵ĵзһ֮⣬˶һ񣬾͸˵ˡ
񵽵һǿյģʲôҲûУŵ˵ϴԼǰġ
Ӽ񵽵һѲʽˣǱϵʯͷһ㣬пϵȱܲþƵġ
˿Ƕĵȴܾ£ѵǸ֮ˣǰһ紦ԿšȪ֣жӰСһһԵøվ
ѿɫ˲䣬ȪѵˣҲһֵܣ
ļ֮УȪǸˣȪĵʾˣ𻹼ǵãдȱ˲𣬺ȪʯͷȥľҲ϶ĵӡ
ڣȪѵó˾ƵĲ˵
ֻ˵һ£Ȫһս֮Ѿ⣡
һ㣬ɫԭ
СѾΪԼʧȥԼǧȱȴԮȴѾ⣬Ҳǲȥܵġ
Ĳ˼簲οش磬ֻǼһѵʵҲ֤ʲôֻҪǸϽҵڣӦǻһϣġ
ĿźȪĵɵԴʹĽ
ڣ֪ԼǼҪ飬мֵܣ䲻ȥҵǣǣȪҲǳֵֵ֮һ


718 ˵õ
ӹصϸȥȱͬݵ˿ڣпմһ˿˿ĺɫϢ˿ϢȻڲصϢӦǺȪ⵶ʲô֮ϣǶϢпϵġ
ЩԾǣڲصӲȺͷ̶ȣǿͨҲδػɱȱѲصϵȱڣֱĿ̶ãɼźɫϢĶӲѾ
ⶫ᲻ԼǱʶռ濴Ǹèƶ
Ȼһ󣬷ų֣ʹϧĽһֵܡ
Ȼʵ벻Լ𵽵ж֣ʵǰԼֵܣԣȻʹ࣬ǽһش硭
šһ漴˵ôˣһҪˣҪʬң
˵ͷתĲ˼ӵ˵Ҷ׼ãȻųһţͷѰң۷ʲôǹ澯
Ĳ˼׼ֻǵҪֿʱ̲סʵ磬ҪӰϵһ𣿡
ͷ˵ϵһٲɢˣ
ˣ˶ϵϣֻ˰һߣһߣŵĲ˼硢֡ѩ
һſұͷѰ
һΣȻǹʾǰԼֵźţԣ˳ӣмȥ
һ·Ĳ˼ֶסĳѯʣѩǻӦ˵ûʲôΨǼһﲻ˵Ӧ֡
˾۵һŷ֣һﲻˣ
һϽӣȴûӶϿԭӦڵλãտۡմȱϡ
󼱣һ⣡
һ֮£ϵմտ۶⿪ֱӻͷһһ߹·ٴλͷѰ
ֵǣһֱߵǴұڽ£ȴҲûӵӰ
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Ϊұڽ£䣬ǹЩ˺һҲûطǹӦ
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ѩʧٵΣһޣտۡմȱϣȴƾʧߵ˶ûô¡
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𡢳һһֻ֣໥ԷץסĲ˼Ҳһסĸһڸ߶
һΣѩ߹һϣûֻоǰһͻȻһٺɫâͷ
֮УһɹԼ壬һɲ֮ʹԼڿն
ڡͷһǻûܽгʧԼѾһƬڰС
ƵʱӸѩҲˣǹΪţʹָĿ۶˰¡
Ȼںڰ֮Уû̫ţֻǴϴ󡭡ش硭硭
ڰ֮УĲ˼Ӧһ֮⣬û˵ԶԶصǴ˵

硭
Ȼѩˣ
Ͻһӡѩ
漴ָϽֵ˳Ȼζ
Ĳ˼ʮĵطֵ磬΢һգ֮㵽ߡ
Ҳ֪Ĳ˼̫ŻǶԺڰĿ־£ߣȻһѽץš
һ߻ζֵ磬ֵĲ˼˵һ䣺ϴ󣬱¡
ԶӸѩˣǵʱԼҲֵƵģƬ̣
ŷ֣ʵӸѩˣôԶҲͶʮ׵ľ롣
ѩܿҵߣûüѣȴеӣô£
ӵֵţڻζûû
ǱߣԴſǻ磬ҵĽšҵĽˡ
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ߣڵϣЬӷŵһߣŵҽţűѾϸһ顣
Ǹˣ
ϲŭӣץӵҽŭӣôģûʲô󰭡
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ŭ˵úˣҧҸסҺһס
Ĳ˼ѩˣһһңסӵĸ첲ӼסʡõʱӸʹ
һһе
Ӵеȵȡ
̧ͷʵôˣ
Ҷû׼ءӽе
ŭҪʲô׼ʱȣҪʲô׼
ϴֹʹҩȸƬӽе
ֹʹҩβһû˵漴ֿʼ
ҪӴе
ôˣŭѣѩĲ˼ҲЩͷÿһθҪ㱻һУָиˣüⶼǽţһ¶ࡣ
Ҫľëʲôģҧ
ȥŪľʲôģһһΣҲӽлֱӿʼһӶ
۾ֳֻͣڡ
˭֪ûֲŽгڣþֱӽӵĽű˻ʹҡ˼¡
ʹöͷеӴ磬˵õء
Щ뵽ӵȽ棬漴Ц˵Сˣ㻹롮
˵գſӵĽţЦ˵г䲻⡭
䲻ͷӵʶͣڸոӶǴӽϴһʹУе
ֻ˲֮֡סһĻһҽţֵ˵ˣôһӾͲʹˣ
Ĳ˼ѩһЦһ
һЦ֮˷ſӡ


719 ս
һʵӡѩôģ
ֻո꣬ϱ֪ԼһϻԼҲҪԼ˵Ҳ϶û˵ôġ
ȻӸѩ˵ôģ
ûĲ˼ҡͷ˵Ҳ˵ֻǱһһ£͵
˵꣬Ĳ˼ʵʲôط
Ĳ˼绹ΪӸѩһӦöЩ˽⣬漴Ĳ˼ʶҲһϻ
һƬڣǼ˵ǿֵһҲ䲻߼ʣֻܿüŵһƬɳӣͬɳĮϸɳ
ѩҽǱһΣаʮװɣûǰߣûԵ
Щͣʵ磬ڸô죿ߣ
Ƭ̣˵Ҳ֪شǵôҪǵһ˵ҲϢһ¡
¶ȲͣûûѩϢһ£
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ۣûȵ𣬲ɵ˵磬˵شǲǲˣҪȻǵȥˣҪȻǡ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ҪȻҿ
˵ʲôȥƽϣĲ˼˵ģüͷɵţ϶Ǹ£ԼЩʲô
һƬһ޼ʵɳӣɳӾޱ޼ʵĺڰĿ³ȥ֮⣬ʲôҲˡ
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ֹһҿ߰ɣǱ߲ʲôҲ𡭡
ҡҡͷ˵ط㣬˭Ҳ֪Ӧı߲ӦǱߣҲνˣǧסҪɢˡ
˵գͷѩ߹ķ˳ȥ
ϵɳӺܺԺÿһһ㼣
ѩ߹ĵطҲºԵһ㼣
߳ʮףǰҲûκκۼӦѩҲֻߵΪֹ
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ʲôĴһ£漰˵
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Ӳм˵ʲôиеִͣʲô
ѩȴ˵˼˵ֱӳŵݴߣ
˵ͷĻٲãͷȦӣ
Ĳ˼Ҳ˵ͷ˵̫ƽϣֲ֪򣬾ͺһȦӣݵεƸ߶ƫĻƫ룬Ҳܴ󡣡
ӸĲ˼һһ߲м˵ΪʲôǲߴߣҪشߣо仰ߴߣˮ͵ô
ѩЦҪȥˮ𣡡
ĵƣδҵˮҵˮµĺۼȴ롣
ǴɳĮشм䣬ҵˮҪҵһӴȴʲô̫ѵ顣
Ц˵ˮµĺۼԭ¡
һ·˵˵ЦЦ˾Ȼ˺üСʱҲûӴûˮεԽԽˡ
⵹˵ڣͱʲôģϼСʱǰѾԵۿóϵ
ңɳϵӲҲԽԽӦɳ溬ˮʹɳΪʪý£ԣһ·߹µĺۼԽԽںߵɳ̲ϣʲôӡ
ֻǼţѩͻȻ˵㿴
˳ѩָķ򿴹ȥֻǰԶĵطһž޴ĺںӰӡ
ͬںڰ֮УӰ뼸˽˲٣طľԺڰЩͬ
Ӳɵһ󻶺ߵˡ
Ҳһ˷ܣô˵Ǻþһοɳ֮ĶȻȫȷǵʲô
˷֮У˲ɵüӿ˽Ų֮󣬼ڵ˺Ӱǰ
˶ǿֵ磬һž޴ĺӰ˶һ
һ޴Ĵ
֮ΪǴΪ˿ģǴͷһˣ
Ҵǳ޴ʹվڵ£ֻͬһС
˾ĪǣҴȻǸɵģҿһҷǳȽĴ
Щ΢΢бб̶ȲǺܴ󣬹ڼװϣ˻ȵߡ
˵澪Ī
ô˵ϲɽأҲܳ־޴Ĵ
Ĳ˼˻ھ쾪̾һȴѾʼѰϴ·ˣһɲϲɽҲãһҾ޴ĺҲãȻǴͿ϶˼ʻȻˣͿ϶ණȻֵǮģ϶Ҳٲˡ
Ϊ΢ЩбӺ׾ҵܹϴĵط漴ɿϴ
Ĳ˼˸Ӻ棬һֱϵװ壬ŷ֣Ӧһս
װоͣѾըòӵԼѻбһߵڵǣмװϾ޴ĵ𲻿Ĵ̨һʾһұս
ϲɽأһұսҲ˲š
ǣһжʵʴĸ޴ѻһߣͭĵǣһʵʵڵİǰ
ǡʹһĭѵֳ
Ĵޱ޼ʵĺڰ˵ڴ˵棬ظԭ£и޴Ŀնն棬һڸ߶硭
ѩתͷĿҲǹ˺һ˵ѵǴ˵֮е
ڲ˵Ĵ˵֮Уظԭѩɽһصطһ˫ѩɽѩɽϿȡɭ֡ݵ顢󼰴ĿڲشУʡгġҲΪ
ʷصúϸλѩɽˣԲͬ꣬ΧѩɽӰѩɽɽµɭ֣ŸʻҩݣС岼ïʢʥءŸûʵ޲Ǹ޹ӵ󳼺;ӣԳʨӡ󼰿
ûʷֻһ⣬νġߡңڡʱ־ʱߡ䡰̫ʾԣԸϳҲԸܣǣ̫šߡ
ӸĲ˼ˣ϶˵̫ðĲ˵ô޴ĸսһٶ֮ǰеģѲɣһٶǰڣ˽죬ͻȻ֮ˡ
ЦЦ֪սֻһʷ
˵жꣿӲʵ
ǿĻսʷǧ֮ϡһ
ǧ֮ϣһǧ֮ǰôȽսٺ٣õǷڵʷҲż갡ӽе
׼ȷ˵һٰʮ꣡ѩ˵
԰˵սǧʷʴҲʴΪһѳˡдʵ˵
ЦЦ˵˵ұĻҴܱڣصϵ֪ǻ᲻š


720 èƶ
ȻԸȥִЩϵ⣬˵ÿ϶²ɴϲǧĹǸ߿ƼĶֵɲһĶԱģҪŪȥһǳƱٺ١
ţӾֱ˽ȥ
еӣȥǵ顣
ӡ໡һֻعͷЦİɶ磬һ͹ˡ
Ĳ˼ѩ˶Բ֮ĶҲûʲôȤǶ˵սǸȤ
ϾôսǽƷҲ˵ؼսΪʲô
ȥϵļʻգ˵Ҫҵ߿ƼĹ棬ǾͷǼʻĪˣϾʻ߿ƼĶ࣬Ҳҡ
ֻӴʻʱɵɵۡ
ʻ棬һ󶴣ըȼյķŰʹüʻֻʣ°߿տǣ벻ǣȻˡԣһתûҵ֮ҪҵĶ
ڰ֮ʣû뵽һǺ֮
һôǺУǹ˰ɡ
ڰ֮ʣɵû˵һӻ𣬺ٺ٣мͷǹҳҲã
Ͻ˼ʻգϸǺʱһǺӦûҴһңǺ֮⣬ûǹǺЩܵ
ǺȻֻԶԶģĲ˼綼̲סЩţȥץסĸ첲
Ĵһ£οϴģҴǸ͵ģ˵ôߣЩҲϲˣǵĻҲǳ֮󡭡
óǹһ߼飬һߺٺٵЦģҲֻǼˣˣ棬ö
˵ţҲˣֱ̧ǹڣ硱ĳϿ˼ǹ
ӣͲܽԼһӵôԵ޹ʵĿǹʵЩŭ
û뵽ӡٺ١Ц˵û£磬Ҳôͷǣϴ󣬻С㣬ǼͷǶ죬ٺ١
ⲻ֪˲ɫ䣬еãѩǡ
Ǻ֮ĵȻѩˣֻǣѾ֣ģȻȫȫѩףͷȫëѩһģһѩǣ
һȺѩǣÿһͷһͷҪ˶Ҫ׳ʵжʮͷ֮࣬ǿֵ֮£ȫףɫ
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˶˵ͷѩǵĹ֪֮ͨǹá
һ֮£ִе죬ߴߡ
˱ʹڼʻգߣֻеʻնϡ
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ĸæҵϼʻղնûüһȴȻһȺѩǾȻֳһнʮͷƹͷֱһߺڰȥһʮͷȻ˼װ塣
˼װһǣͣȻѭ߹㼣ֱϼʻա
ƣӦһȺѩܵǿвЩŲ·ӶɨһӣҲֻǰһͷѩɽ˸¹˼Ȧ漴˶ӣϳ壬ֱ뵽ʻա
Ҫǡȳӵ
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ĸһ̽Ŀһ
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ٴεȵڶʲôʱû̫вȥǡ
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תͷֻѩֵ֮ʮ׿ɳӵϷһźںʯͷһĶ
ֻһ۱㿴ⶫģһֲܿĶ޴ĳԴϣȭͷСڶڶ棬һС˺ܶࡢһԲףÿԲ׶ָͷС棬ȻһŸֶһݡ
­ͷӣʬǱ¶ƫƫһ˫ͬݹǵĺɫצӣּеⶫȣ˵ⶫϰܿǸΡز£һèƶȸèһ죬һͬȫǼǹͷνӶɵβ͡
Ǯʶռ濴Ǹèƶ
͵͵ĺһ
ʱèƶڵϣҡԴѰѩǵ㼣ѩǸطһΪһǰӴܣһȴҴ㵽˵Ľ¡
ֻǳǣ֮ЩڼʻѩǲסĵͺèƶȴȻǲ֪ʲôԭʹèƶú
ĶѵģضǳҪȻʮ֮Ϊ棬ÿﶼһԿƾı졣
ЩǣͷèƶһĶսֻʮԶѩվڼʻնϣǿֵԺõģ࿴һ۶֪
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˵ſѩǷֿϣҡԴѩµ㼣ȴԥͲ֪Ҳ˻Ҫջ
ӿèƶ̲סߣٵĴϢ˵硭ǡʲô
ѩŲѣ˵ĻЩˡ
ҲϢţ˵شǣȻȴʧȥ˺ܶ䣬Ӧþⶫ
Ĳ˼ͻȻ˵ܴܲӦһ£
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Ĳ˼ЩȻ˵ܷʲô£㶼Ҫңô
ͻȻ֮һʹĲ˼ĵĲûеģÿһ˶˺ܶණһֵܣǵһɶԼĲ˼ոպͺû죬Ҫǵ
ʱЩڴĲ˼ˣ
˺һŵʮׯص˵˼磬ģӡѩǶģҲÿһ˵ġ
˵䣬èƶ˽ϴĶ̧һԴŸֶһݣһ֣߷һͬŵġ˻˻
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ڼʻ˵ЩѩǣҲòȥʱˢˢһƬȫڵϣɪɪ


721 
һգ֮䣬èƶ߰ƶٶȵǺܿ죬ҲԲ̫ʮ׿ֱ˵սװ֮ϣ˲һʱ䡣
֮£ٶȼ˺ʮͷѩǲֲ࣬ǣûʲôⶫǰΪϰ
һϴǴӴбķбģúǿɣζⶫڹ⻬ǽں컨
ֲǱʶ棬ڶ֮ǽϡ
˴ҳĿèƶϼװ壬ֻèƶϼװ壬֮󲢲ֱʻգڼװǿųªֲԴٴη֡˻˻
ʵܲˣһոſ֮ʣǹ׼ⶫͣ硱Ŀһǹ
ⶫ֮ܲ⣬ⶫԵʳߣǲкˣȻ飬һ־ǹעܵӵֱкⶫ
Ȼû뵽ǣԼԲˬ޼᲻ݵӵèƶ֮ϣȻֻǴһֶһݣ
ֻͻȻ֮һèƶԴһӴϵȥ
һٶԵļŭͷèƶ
һסӣһʻһһԴ˾ſҲС˶ٵĴ죬ϵķżצӣвһ㡣
ֻǾһ̣ӡĲ˼硢ѩĸˣһ۶ӵХֱèƶԴ
һɲǼǹһͣèƶԴҲǻĽ
ӴһУһ߻ӵһߴе硭á򲻶
һдգҲֻǴǼһＸݣӵҪôǴգҪôûèƶ̫˺
ʱèƶʻձϣԴֱŲձ
ӶǿųªԴ˼ǹе磬춥סˣɡ
ۿƲҧ˵ϴ󣬿βܡ
Ĳ˼תͷеء
ͷҲأңһĻģʱ׷ǡ
ҲߡĲ˼е
ѾҪϵʻյèƶ￪˼ǹèƶõؼװϣһ߻һߺߣҪȻҶ߲ˡ
ѩȰĲ㣬ߣа취ġ
Ĳ˼ˮһ˵ãڴβ׵ĵط㡭
û뵽һϵĲ˼磬ʱȻ
ֽŵرĲ˼˼仰֮䣬ӾѾóӣһߴȥתͷ˵磬ҪȥĻߡ
˵ͷ׼ٴèƶ￪˼ǹߣ֮׷ǡ
ֻô˵ֵܼ֮ܲʵ˭Ҳ޷֤顣
ѩǰ֮Ĳ˼ͻȻתһǣ漴˵ҵ㡭
šһ漴ͷèƶʱֻм΢ͣһ£ͷèƶѾٴϼʻգѾʵݲаи
Ĳ˼ѾӼװϳβѾӴβȥպǹóǸӣӼʻնϣ¡
עܵǹҲܶèƶ̫˺Ψһİ취ֻƾԼǸӣԼϵļ챦һ
ʱͷѾŭ˼èƶݵļ϶һԾһ˫צ׾ٵľץסʻյǽڡ
ֻûüٴԾѾЯŷ֮ƣͷ
ءУǸӽʵʵèƶԴϡ
޴ʹ˲ʹüľȥǸҲղȡ
ֻèƶԴȻĵͷһҲֻ˹ȥһ̶ͬҹɵĺУһ˫צӼʻ̨ǽٴεؼװ塣
èƶһ䵽װϵģҪ֮ʣÿݣпֱӾͻᱻèƶӴͬǼһѹס
ڼװϴ˸һգۼ뿪èƶ׵ľ룬Żعͷ׹µèƶ
û뵽ǣԭʴصļװ壬èƶˤ֮󣬽ṹѾƵٽļޣһΣèƶ϶µķ֮ƣٴˤֱӾͰѼװˤһ󶴡
ֻϡﻩһ죬èƶﾹȻӼװһֱˤյףҲû˶
ԭŲѣ׼һ΢һ̧ͷһۼʻգ漴ȥ
ΪֹĲ˼ǼӦ֮ˣҲӦþȥǻϲǣе棬뿴ʮͷѩʲôӡ
ʱûɵģϵʻգȥʮͷѩʱʮͷѩѾǷڵɪɪȫվһͷͷѩǵ¶ģҲǾ֮ĸмپԲƵɫ
Ҳüƽϣؼûʱƽô࣬èƶӼװһֱˤյףҲԲᱻˤˤҲͶ෢һ£ԻúԶڲܣʱֻܸģ
ԣֻһʮͷѩǣ漴תȥ׷Ĳ˼ǡ
Ĳ˼ǼȻûߵ̫ԶսףֵζĲ˼˲æӶֵ磬źţеĲסУ
׷Ĳ˼ǣֻ΢΢һ˵ߡ
һһʵ磬ûŪ
קĲ˼磬һһߴŪǵøϽһӰȫĵط
ѩǰ棬һ񱼣ĲѵʵܵȥҸӰȫĵط
ûԶ˶èƶ﷢ġ˻˻׾Զ˲٣ȻЩʹʹĳ̶ѾԶǰһΡ
֪Ȼèƶٴη˻˻죬˵ǼһѾָ׷ֻ顣
ڼ̵ʱ֮ҵȫĵطķӣĵģҲǳ¡
ǣޱ޼ʵĺڰ޵ɳӵأϱֲĵطüһʱ֮ҲҲսȫĵط
ԣʱΨĿ񱼣ϣٶèƶ롣
һ󼱱ֱӸѩ˶ʵܲˣͣ΢ЪϢһ¡
ҵǣèƶıŭˣȻ˵ж΢ٻһЩǼһһֱǽ׷ᣬ仹ʱʱķһ̶ġ˻˻Ȼ̫ܶ˺ȴʱʱھʾˣ͸ں棡
Ӱɰڵϣһţһ߽е硭硭뵽취취ûҡҿסˡסˡ
а취룡ЩĴ
ӵèƶû̫ãƾǸӣҲֻܽ£⻹Լռ˵ͻᣬռ˵ˣһ棬϶ǰҲռˡ
ĸ˵ϢûȣèƶԵĽӽ˲٣Ҳаˡ
վĲ˼˵ֿߣһ顭
ҪֿĲ˼Щ⣬ǿʵ
ǵЩѩǷֿ֮ǼһڷֲĴ˺þãԸȡԴϢʱͻᡭԥ˵˼磬ѩһ飬Ҹӣ벻ҪһףнһΣǻһΣȻٷֱֿҵȫĵطʰİ취
⡭ߡӴӵе


722 Ϻ
ӣĲ˼ѩ˷ֿѸ룬ͷһͷ
ֻûܳȥԶִ硭ãЩǡ
ͷֵһ£ֽʻյЩǣҲ
ЩǺнٶȲǺܿ죬ûн˵˼ֻǸ󣬲첻ʼձŶʮ׵ľ롣
ЩģߵĲ˼ѩ˴һ䣺ѩǸˣǱ𡭡
Ĳ˼ľ룬ͲһףУĲ˼ѩȻܹ˻ͷֵһ£漴ûаСһЩ
ԷӦһתͷ˵£ڴһڶͷʳߣЩѩҲ
ֻһﻹǺܵĵһ䣺ǧĲ˳⣬˱ϾˣǱϾǣһ𣬾ͷèƶһǼһԵͷʼջǻһսģȥҿµʱҲЩǵĶ
֪ӵĵĲȫ޵ʱͻһȺǣ˵ˣЩѩǣÿһͷǰһͷѩһԼܲһٽǽҲֵûɡ
ȺѩǸãִͷèƶͬҹɵĽѾ׷˸Ĳ˼ǷֿĵطʹèƶǸֿϴ˺һԣǽҲԽԽԶ
ֻɲҵģܳȥһΣ漴Ĳ˼˻һ𣬼΢һ漴䶯ѩӸĲ˼磬ұ任λãٲͷ
һʹҲԲͷӣһܣһԶԶشţ磬ˣЩѩôûǣǱô
ԻͷһۣһȺѩǲ첻ĸֵɨѩǵ۾ǵ㣬һƬĹһ㡣
Цһ£ߣģʱûйǵ˼
ǾͺãʱҪʲô˼ֱӾͰǸˣǿԶԶĴе
ˣֻʱȴ˵ʱһСеģǴԼ취Ըèƶ˼·
ѩ籼ܣò׵ȵǱס죬ŵһ䣺Ǹ޼᲻ݵĹӣã
ѩ֪кüЩѩƽﶼڲᣬһ߾ˣҲڲᱻȥԣѩ˳
ҲȫǡЩεĴҸ棬Դϴһƹǣָˡ
ѩɵһèƶһܵģѩڵʱ֪ģѩʱûֹΪѩ֪б£ףֻʯͷͬ䶹ֱ޼᲻ݵĹӣָèƶһӮĻỹмֵġ
ֻڿʤ㣬ҲǺã
һΣȻʵѩⶫʲôôռûἰ
ѩ˺һŴҸû˵Ҳ֪ĶԾͲдռ棬ҵֶܽӽֻҺ֡
ʲôʲôֵģԭЩ˺ʱϽ׷ѩ©֡
ѩһ΢һߴ˵ڹŴʱΪ˱֤˵Ĺ˻ĹһЩڰ뽩ʬ״̬ΪһֽꡯĽʬ
ꡭǵһ֡
˵ô࣬ѩɵôһż˵ֵǣôֶپⶫ֪Ġ꣬кܴĲͬ
ʲôطͬʵ
򵥵˵һ֠꣬붼ֻϣֻһֻǣĵƣһҲڹĹ棬ֻ꣬Ǵʲôطġ
Щʲô㣿еʵ
ʲôʲô֣ж٣ЩҪҪҪôǡ
ѩϢ˵ⶫжݣ޴֮ڡֻҪǻһϣܴצӵõĻἸ㣬Ӿǳʳʱֻ΢
ѩһϯֻͬඥʵһʼԼͿǶӾǺǿֻ΢ԼŰ˷ֳﵽҠ׷Լ£ԼһֱֻҪȴûȷεķȥ롣
ѩôһ˵̾뵽Ӧ֮
ǼһﲻƾŵֻֻҪʧ飬ͳˣʧ飬㲻ɱҲõ׷Լһ˲š
뵽̶Լʮ׿ӴеӣϣҪˡ
ӸĲ˼һôһУ֪ԼӦ֮һѸٿ£һʵʲôô
ѩɿĿĲ˼ˣһߴ˵Ǽһ￿ǱҲ⣬취Ӳ⡭
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˵ˣλϣҪ취ǼһÿҲ˼飬ԣһͷóţɣݵǰ˵
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Ҳ˵һȺѩǣȺѩʱ˲ϼµţɣèƶˣǻƴ׷
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˭֪һ˺ţɵİװԼ˺ü飬һ߾׽ţһ߰µţɷŻشӣװһЩۣ֮ٽװɢſɳ棬ޱޱ¶һ߽ǡ
ֺֺЦô޷ֻӳèƶжҪﵽȴԯޡ
Ĳ˼緭һ±ǿǿҳһ˷ۣоСƿˮµľһЩϵҩ
ѩҳģҲ඼ŮӼζϵһЩ
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˺һȴֻҳһЩӵ⻹֪ʲôʱǬûס
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ûһѽ˻ⶫ򲻵ѵľʱ򣬾׵õ
ھ˰ЦǶֱһӣҾͲŲըϡžá
ŭӣ
ȻЦô޵񣬻ǵý㡭ôٺ٣ǻûȰըԼȹˡ
Ҳ֪ô£û˵ҪӣҲֲ㣡
Ĳ˼һһ˵㲻Ҫ
֪Ĳ˼絣ʲôֻʱҲֻܶһѣ֮⣬Ҳ
İɣ˼磬ʲôʱǿЦ˵


723 ɳų
˵ţĲ˼ѩ˰Ϻõҩ֮ĶҪ˹ϾŮӵĶҩʲôļһҲֻһС
룬ֲĽһֱŵļζƷ˳ʲôۡ棬ԼʲôģܣԼĪһ
ЩһԶĻһٴյ±ߣ΢һᣬʱֻеһɴ̱ǵĹζʹñģ̾ʹ˸硣
ڼ˺ʮͷѩǣƺҲᵽɹζءĵͺţǲԸ˿ȥ
ʱèƶƺѾƽ˵ڶϵ㣬ͬҹһĽԼԼĴ˹
һףһץǰͺȵϹأǿߡ
Ĳ˼ǲᣬ޲˰ΣŸѩ뿪
΢˿ϵ㼸ʮԶľ룬ֻֻèƶﵽϵϣǰǼһÿεϵ㣬ϸ̽һ󣬶ҪȵģҲᡣ
ֻèƶﻹûӽ֮ǰܹע棬ÿһҩϣ׵ıըһӽèƶըɻֻ˵ףһ޴ĵζƷ̳Դﵽƻèƶ֮Ŀġ
벻ɣɲұ֤
Ҫ˵ֱӽ׶èƶǿֻһó
ԣֽЩֳһʱһֱӰ棬㾲ĵȴèƶĵ
ʱͷªèƶڶȻͬĲһǸϵϣͣڵϣϸȥŵϵϢ
һΣèƶܿжΪѩĲ˼ҲûзֿߣèƶҪֱģֻͻȻ֮˳۵ţɴӡ
èƶڵץһ󣬹ȻȺץţӣüݹǵצӣţõһڶıȥᡣ
۵ζȻЩãǼһֻһᣬ̼ţӵһ㣬˻˻
ֻʱèƶǰһһ˹ð̵ף
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ͬ񵯱ըһҵˣֱӽ˶èƶըõ˳ȥڼʮ׿оŵµɳضһζ
ӭ֮лζ̼ıᶼһ
ζȷ̱ǣ
֪èƶƻôһʱ֮˺ü磬۾ҲԺ
ҪȥèƶﵽױҳʲôˣԼոζʵ̫̼ʹҲԸͣ
Ϣóʣµһһ߱ܣһ߽Щ
꣬Ҳ׷ӸĲ˼ˡ
ֻոոӵ˻ϣӱһ˺ü磬һߴ磬һʵôԡôˡԡըûԡ
һſڣҲһŴ磺֪ԡ
ѩüͷʹסҪĳ嶯ʵô᲻֪
꣬Ҳ̲סౡ˸硣
Ĳ˼ӣ˵⡭ζԡ
һʱ֮䣬ĸ˾㶼סĴ
һߴһˣԡ⡭жԡҾ֪ԣáԡĲ˵ǶըûըԡȲ˵룬ǼǱԼŵˡԡٺ١
˺һŻ˵ҵǿǼһﱻը˳ȥûбըʲô治֪ǸϽ߰ɣ
ѩ˸磬ǿƽʵǸôߣ
Ĳ˼ֵ磬һǰ棬ͻȻ˵ѩǣ˵طӦһͨĵطǸѩǵ㼣ߣ
û뵽Ĳ˼飬һ⵽ӵķԣЩѩƮ׷٣Ҳ˵ѩȻҲö׷ɱ֮Уܵ˵ҲǶһģǲܲˣһлᣬǿ϶عͷԸǣο˭֪ЩһھΪҪӳȥû׼ǵϳ˭ָҿ϶˵ء
ˣƤӾһһ׵ģֻ̲ס˵ǸôߣѩȻͬն񣬵ְա
ְաԡЩ˵
鲻˻ǰĲ˼˵ģѭʮͷѩǵټ׷ȥ
Ͼǵɳӣѩ־˶ޱȣ߹ĵط½ӡʹĲ˼˺ͬʱҲʡƽϡ
ֻЩѩǵҲû˷һ㣬˸ֻǻعͷ΢˼ƺܲԸ˸ں棬֮⣬Ҳû̫ĵжԾٶ
ԭֻԶԶĸţΣɴȥǸȺţȺһ㣬׷ᣬʼֻȺʮ׵ľ롣
ˣǰһȺǣһȺˣȻˮˮһ˽Сʱ䡣
˺èƶҹһĺֻʱǺӼǸŵζƷ֮ףվ˲ٿͷ
ֻǾСĴϢ˵ѾָӵĻ˵ʱһʮҲʲô¡
ģԼӵǼһﲻ̫ãһܣȴЧ΢׶˺ҲǺܴ
ҪΪǼһڶԱ׾ԼˣҲû
һȺѩǵʱҲоΣٽèƶһ֮ʣӿٶȣС
Ӹѩ˸ǲиҲŴ̤׷ȥ
ԼĪСʱ֮󣬺ҹ֮ƲһʱѩǻˣʼϢ
ţǰͻȻ磬쿴ǰ桭
ǰΣʵͿˣֻЩɣǲġ
֪ھԺڰ֮дľˣʹ۾ܸؿһЩô£ǰԶĵطȻһƬʵ⡣
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ӡꡱĴһȴһָѩƿڴЩѩǲôҲǾȹһڣһֱںǶϺû뵽Щ࣬һϣԹԵˡ
ĻӼ˸ûûˣĲ˼硢ѩͷƤֶЩ顣
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˵ǷĵطʵҲһƬɳʵ΢⣬Ǵɳɢġ
ʱʮͷѩǣûӰ֪ܵȥˡ
ƴɳһ֮£һ̱ȥɳ棬Ȼһǳأ
ܹϣʯʯͷǣʵ⣬Ǵӳһʯ˷ģâɫֻǿǳص


724 ô
ʱһųǣ˵ȴʲô¡
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Ĳ˼Ȼ֪Ƭӳ٣̾ͻͷӦһɢֿ
ӸѩˣһѡֱţһֱĳǽĲ˼ȴѡƵȥʯ
ں桪ֱţѩҪԽǽֻĲ˼Ƶèƶѡȥ׷ǵе˭̫õʱ䡣
ԣϣ赲һ
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һ·ʯͷĽֵᾮȻʯͷɣ¥ߴ룬ֵƽĵóǳ浱յĻԻͺͷ
ֻһ·ϵķǽ϶߰㣬ǽЩץһĺۼҲǳغèƶ¾Ĳҡ
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ӳ޵ĭҲֻǵһ䣺磬ˡ
ңţ۾סȥɨӽֵߵķݣôյĶȥһ䡣
ҲЦӦһ䣬öǺ棬̲סʵӣŵģʲôطҵģ
һ˵ӺЩޣֵ˵̵ģֱȣԭӦǲƱѻɽһǼֵǵģ֪Ǳ˭ȣߣһƿڴ
ҿǺ˵
ֽϵĶӸ˵磬жõĴϢʱ䣿
ӣʱܹ΢һĻӻȥұķݣʲô©Ҳá
ҡҡͷèƶһֻܣû׼ɱǹһֻԼݽɳӣԼȴ֪ǻ˵ˣããɳĹųǣⲢܴʲô
·ʲôطҲ˵һֱԼҪԮЩ˿ǰӰûţԼԣʱ䡣
ѩЦ˵ӣȥˣҵһɽ㻹ܱûȥ
ȥӽʲôϸȥҵڴ
׼ȷ˵һֻϳ˵ĵɽϱĲֱܴ࣬ĻװµĶܹ֧һҰҵﵽʮҡ
һȴҡҡͷ˵Ӧòشùı
Ĳ˼Щ죬طԼ˭ҲѲκܺǣ
΢΢ͷκܺһֱֻ˵ʱֻأû˵ʵֻӦþġ
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شĲ˼ʱȴֻ˵ϴˣҵıᵽָϢֻϵϢκܺġ
û뵽Ĳ˼ϸǲȻȻκܺҲΪʲôû𡢳֡һʧȥ䣡Ѳκܺз֮ߣ
κܺıӵϣȴ˵Ӧ˵һҲûʧȥ䡭
硭ѩһԲһ仰
˵רҵӣ֪˵˲򵥣ɣ絽ǵȥǿͭƣǲʲôı
ߣӺһ˵ıҲãıҲգٴμκܺʲô߶ʮһֱһٱȻٸʻʡĲʵ
Ĳ˼ȴҡҡͷ˵κܺ᲻˵أصĵط
ãֹһ䡣
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ӽе԰ôûһҡ
ţҪתͷȥֵЩȥҡ
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Ȼӵ˼һϷ΢ĵطû˵ӣ붼룬ǲǳǸġ
û뵽Ĳ˼絹ЦЦ˵㲻׸ܽöȥҲǺһ
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Ĳ˼󣬡ԳԡЦǶעģֲһˣ˭ûһ
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˵䣬˵ʯǰֻʯǺΰÿһ㶼һߣоŲ֮ߡ
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ʯһ˸棬ÿ涼һŶԵŶǴŵ֮⣬෽Ŷǽعţÿ϶һ޴
κܺʯĵ·ӦþŽֵһ򿪵š
ҾʹóȻ룬Ĳ˼Χʯתһתŷ֣ʯÿһŵϣһӣЩӣǿͭƣһģһΨһһֻ֮ͭϵĻơ
ӦǰԷšѩ˵
Ǭһͭ˳˺һŵ˵ͷʾͬ
ֻ֪ǰԷеһҲֻҡͷڰԡ֮ĶҲֻǽȴûȥؼ֡ûաǰʱûչ˼һĿˣ࣬ûա


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ѩüͷ˵ǰڰԵ鼮Ķ˵νԣǰ˸λǬҡ롢𡢹ް˸֣ʾϡϡϡ˸򡭡
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ѩ˵ҲµûĻʯҲݰеģŰݡˡšţĵĹ֣һѡšϵġš
һһͷЩˣ̲ס˵˵ƣҶҽﲻʲôһֳ󣬶ˮ塭¼Ҵ˧ƹأ֪󷨣
ЩŭصһۣһҲ֪Ϊ˵ͷͷǵ֪ģȫǵӰ￴ģҪ˵Ҳȫϲմ²ŵأëɣ粻ȥúá
ѩ΢΢̾һ˵ϧҹʯ棬²ֻͨİ󡭡
ЩԾɥˣļ棡
ǰѧһ˵ʵŰԣҲŶݼף˵йһѧʣڹŴйΪ֮ѧаǼصģй¶ˣһ˵ãһնۣ˵شеشˣУʦֻ׿ڴڵӣߴڣ˽˷ǳ١
Űԣţ֣ٷֿԷΪա¡棻νţҲǰ˵ģݡˡšŷλؼӡ硢ꡢ硢׳סȣܵ˵Ű֮׾ΪĵžǡСǵȼ֮ɵĵ֮ѧ
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Ӳ˵ǲ˵ǻҪӦ䣬ۼŻţ㴳ֻҪСӲžͻɼţž͹ϲ󷢲ơ
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ֻҪһκηӦͻ׹ޱ߾֮УԣҪǸǿʲôʲôǶñ򾲣ҪҶҪߣҽС
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ѩ֮رôǿҪĿĻϣܹܵסԼΪһ飬־ֲĲ˼˼ᶨѩر뿴ӻʲô©
ԸϣѩٴΧʯȦһ߻һߵ߶Ǭ죬أף磬ˮɽضλɽͨ׷಩ˮ䡭
飬ѩߵʯŴפ۲죬˺һѩ˵ˣ߾Ž롣
Ű֮УײƽѩѡŽʯҲ֮١
˶һۣ漴ǰϾ޴ȥŪϲɡ
ʱ˱㽫ֶϣ漴ƿš
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˶ǲ˺ü̧ͷʯ
ʯֻʯֱɵһʯ
̲סָž֮УͰ͵˵ôôᡭ
ѩƳһӣ˵Ӧҵģ˵Ҷ
ӸϽֲͣסĻζԴϵɫʵڲԱ
ѩͷһĲ˼ˣֵ˵ϡ
漴ѩһ̤㾰֮С
ӡĲ˼˸ѩԼ棬Է⡣
֮ŷֻ֣ͨƽŲԶ㿪ʼ£¶ȲǺܴ⿴˲ײ¶֮⣬ҲԶ
˵ͨû֮Ǿǲܵģ٣ѩżͨ˽ʮӣҲûߵͨͷ
صǣͨǽϣɢʯʰĹʹ棬ϿԲҪǿֵ
ӺЩ棬ҪȥǽϷʣʲôֻǣѩʱͷһۣĲ˼Ҳں治ǵĶ٣ʹֻùؾصĸѩ棬һҲ
ͨͷ˲֪ãѩֻһζǰߣҲͨѰҳ·
ֱߵˡˣǿͣ΢Ե㶫ȵˮֽ֮ǰ
ˣ˳Թζȹˮ֮ŵͨͷ
ѩһͨͷ֮ľɫɵ
֮ͨ⣬ȻһƬе֣һͷңʹ̵ҶԵΣԵЩۡ
˷ܲѣʹǳˡ
Һÿѩǵɫûг
߳ͨһϵͷҲ૵˵һþ


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룬˵ѩ˵ʲôƣһֻۣҪƻۣҲˡ
ѩǲѵĴô£˵ۣʵǷƵֱ࣬ƻ࣬ȻǺãǣŰ࣬˭֪
ǺǡһЦ£ȻУȻֻܴˡ
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ѩһҡҡͷ˵Ҳ˵Ҳڿǿ鱻Ƶʯʱе˶ƵĻþҲڼѩʱҲħ֮һжпܡ
ѩôһ˵еĿЦһ£ٶ˵ˡ
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ѩ̾һ󷨵֮ж޷ԾУӦʧ󷨣֮õ󷨣Ҫ˲֪ٱԣ㿴Ķʵģһǧȷġ
ҪҾǼٵأȻǻþҲĲ𣿡һ˵
ѩЦһ£ȻһʼҾ;ģٵǼٵģⲻô
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һǹڹǿ¶һ˿Ľ֮⣬ǺӣֻЦС޶Ǳ˷ӵ˰ɣЩһףؼʱ򣬻ÿǺӴүĵ
Щ̲סˣԺڹһȻһ˵ԼҲпԭοͷֻԼǸҲʹƽϺڹ
ӣһûԼ˷ҲͰˣԭͻɣһԽԽ֣ҪɫƣֻµҪԼ˶Щͷ
ν֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣˣǲɲò
գۼ䣬Ȼʮͷѩǣִ˳ʮͷѩǣЩ졪ⲻǵսļʻնèƶָԼһ˽һһȺѩôôҲ
ѩһһȺѩǣ͵͵˵һáǺ桭
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ӵĻ䣬һȺԥѵѩǣһ뺿һ棬Ȼûв֮⣬ڸӴк
ٺٵЦһ󣬽˫£ϣʮͷѩǺȵôҲˣҪǣҲûʲôԣǲ˺еѡ
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Ĳ˼˶оǣǼͷѩǣȻĻһ㣬һ𺿽һ漴ͬȮһ㣬ؾصķڵϣ㶼Դһ۾ֱ
ЦЦתͷԺڹ˵ڹš
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ĺȵӣǹȥ򿪳ţǽ
Ӻȵҡ
ǰѿǰһֻץ˵ѣ΢΢һֻϡһӵѺ񱳿ʱϳء
ϵ£ŭԲҵģҲֹʲôֵôҶʹ죡˵
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Ӳ͵죬е˶ǰɣƾʲôȥսأҲӦи󵽡
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ѩԵƽ磬һУȻҲ֮һ㣬˿ûдСֵ˼ֻǼųǽЩ꣬עЩĶ
ҲûȥЩôˣǶӣĲ˼һͷѩϵˡ
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ЦźȵһҰ׼ˣȴʶôʲôף
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ˣɵúô
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ڹսս˵㡭Ūˡ
˵ţתͷȥЩѩǡ
ֻʱǰЩǳѩǣѾһӰˡ
⵹Ҳãٲʹ䵽ܵеľء
ӹ˵ӣ뿴ͷѩǣҶŵ㡭
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˵ţתȥڹǰúڹ
ִ̾ԼָʾֵĲ˼˵˼磬Ҫ£ҡ
Ĳ˼ԥĵ˵ͷҸˣɡ
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⵹Ҳͻ룬Լѩǽ֣ѩҲ֮֪ѩҲ֮Ȼܸ๲ͨȴԡ
ţôԵĶҲһЩ䣬ܹͷѩǵļ䣬ҵй⣬ҵµһЩ
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ѩǸӸߵȵԵʰɣʹԣҲԶԶﲻľ硣
ЩҲͲٳԾ·ֱѩʶռֱǱʶռ֮ڡ
ѩǵǱʶĶȴֱ˺ܶ࣬٣Ǳʶռ濴ĶҪöࡣ
ңѩǵǰʶռĶǰʶռĶҪ˵ѩǶԠĿ־壬ͬոԿ̽һ˶ԠĿ־壬ѩǶһЩȽϲ˵ţɽҰʲôģЩӦöѩǵʳҲޱȡ
ѩǿ־ģϲģӰһѣȴ̫ȤΪЩ˵һôҲûС
ЩûҵԼҪҵĶѩǵʶռȥ
ѩǵǱʶĶҲֻѩǿ־ģϲģûʲô̫ı仯
һתûʲôңѩǵǱʶռ伫֮һ龰
龰Щģ̫Զѩĵü䡣
һȺģġˡǳߴĻ˵ҲߣЩˡ̬죬Ǳ˶˼ֻ֣Ƕ˼ֻţѩǶ⡰ˡ̬ȵǷǳ˳п־壬Ҳе⡣
ЩѩǶЩֺ׽ĸоȮ
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һ㣬һȺѩǣǵȣӦںܾǰˡģǵǱʶŶԡˡ׽
һĻַһЩΣЩҲǺܴ󣬱ϾĵΣżĲ죬˵ϻûȫԼܿöĵͼ
֮⣬ͷѩǵǱʶռҲûбĶˡ
Ĭһ󣬷ͷѩǵǮʶռ棬Ҳ⼸䣬˵ûˣǵͼȻֵоǿеļˣҲֻ޲ߡ
ֿǵǽ֮⣬ʮͷ滢Ҳҵ̫ãҲҪҵĶ̾˳
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ԼĲ˼һ죬ʵ㲻˵Ҫȥôˣ
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˵ţϹܵݵǰ
ӹϹܣŵѩǵĶϣĲ˼һܿ콫ѩǵȹ̶ס
Ĳ˼ڱһЩҩ̾ϢҩҲЩˣͷѩǵãԺ󣬾ˣҲûҩ
Ĳ˼ϵҩﲢ٣ֻǵһϠʱΪȡһϢʱ䣬ЩҩﶼӵĵζƷԼĲ˼ѩ˵֬ˮۣӸһͷꡣ
ԣڣĲ˼ϵҩѾȫùˡ
ֻȴһЦ֮ʲôҩˣܱȵԼܣ
⻰ȴԶҲ˵
ʱֻڹ˵Сʲô˰ôôĵӡ
ӺٺٵЦʲôӴлĻȥͱҲδزңٺ٣Щ¶Сһ
ӶһߣĿʵֵܣҲǵϵѣ԰ɣ
ڹȻǰŭӣǵʱҲƽˣһҲͷȷ鶼ĵУ˵ƽˣϾͺȣţƨ٩ɽ޻˵
ǶԺһȻЩǳ˭һſԼԴϷţҪֿ죬ڵϵģ϶ӸˣֻǱģӾ;Ǳǹġ
Ժˣû໰˵Ҳûû˵
ŵԼıˣӲĴǵϵģǾһǸһϵġ
˵գּתͷڹ٩ڹϸ磬ûҸҶ飬飬ǽ񣬺ٺ٣ʵɣ⼸ͷѩǣǼͷ꣬ҸҶǶǸ£ȥʰǣаʿȥ˺ЩèʲôģҪȻٺ١һ㣬Ͱˡ
ӣ㴵ţܲٴ޳һЦ˵


731 治Ǵţ
Ĳ˼˰ѩǵȣվȥǽЩ꣬ʱЩǻһЩüͷ˶ĠᵹǿƵǰվĵطȥϵϢ
ĺɵӰʮ־޴΢ˣվĵط˰죬񶼻ûö⡣
ѩתͷ˵Щôô´ǲʱ򣬾ֱӸɵǲźá
ԴһεЦҲûҪôȥҪôˣЩѩǻ᲻޼ɵ
Ĳ˼һ˵˵Щ꣬ǣѩǣ
ѩЩ⣬궼£ôẦѩǡ
ЦѩǼԣ·᲻ùȥһͷ·
ѩһ̲ס˵ʲôʱ뵽ģ
Ĳ˼ҲѩǸǴ·
ЦЦѵ㻹ȥץһͷǴ·¶ģ
Ĳ˼ͷ˿ͷѩǣֿ˿ǽЩ꣬Ҫȥץһͷ·־嵱ȻֻСģؼĵȷǶģǿͬʬһĲ˼Ͳɵüͷ
ѩ˵ҪѩǴ·һʱøӸߴ
ûҶͣѩǲǸѪսôôһ֣ѩǵɼȮٺ٣ɲҴţɣӡٺ١ЦŸڹ˵
ڹ˵ͷȷ˼ֳ羴֮⣺ʵκҲһЩСһЩ£Ǻǣûۿô񣡡
Ӳм˵κκܺǼһëһμҸ粻үǰүĽţǼĲϴǼӣýүأ
⻰Ĳ˼棬Ĳ˼һ죬ӣһﲻţǡү𣿡
ЦϴԽԽǰһˣǰɲرԸƽЩϸڵģ˵ˣκܺϴǰǹ㲻Ůүʲô
үĲ˼̲סꡱһЦ˳漴
һԼ˵©ˣκܺȻǹӣ˭ү˭ˣĲ˼ҲûԼҲãɾͶˡ
ٺ١βѵЦϽתƻ⣺磬ô죿ͷѩǴ·һ᲻
ûĴ˭֪
˵ʵﻹЩƽϵģսѩǿʼԼһǰߣѩǣɳ֮еųǣһֱڣӦ˵ڠ껹ڵ£ЩѩǶԼʱûԵĵ⡣
ֻѩǴ·ջԼһ˴ȴ޷Ԥϡ
һ㣬ǱҪģǾǾ׵ĽЩȫˣ٣ҵ·֮ǰҪһֱŶѩǵѹҪȻͲÿѩˡ
ѩ룬Ц˵Ȼڸһìܣʡʵ
ЦЦҪҼŭһȺ԰ɣף
˵ţǹ˳ϵУ׼ЩûȫѹĠ꣬ÿͷ궼ЯܵӵһδһͷͷĠ굹ȥ漴˷֡˻˻ĺ
ԠֶصĽЩӦԵľ飬΢̾͹ȥˡ
ֻǿڲϠĺڹˣִֹʹֱ޴룬һ˫ֶŶ䣬ʹڵϴ
ʮͷһ˻ֱڹ˲˹ȥŽͣЪЩӦԾӸĲ˼ˣͷ󺹡
ͷոջعѩǣ˴һͷѾˡ
˻֮Ĳ˼罫ͷѩסĦѩǵԴ԰οѩǣǰΪѩǼʹͿ־塣
֪Ĳ˼ĸԺʹȰʹȻΪͷѩɴʮͷв֮УʱĲ˼ȥĦԴҲǰĲ˼죬˼׽
˻ȫʧŶӵ˵ɡ
ӸѩǹҲԸǰĲ˼磬ҪͷѩǷ
ֻͷѩԶԶף޴ͬһͷţʱֻͷټϺϸżа壬ӸĲ˼֮޷
ƫƫʱ򣬱ŭʮͷ꣬ȷ˵λãʼһѷ˹
˲ЩɫЩ꣬Զϣж຦£ĵľǸĳ첲̡һ˽ĳ̶ȣĲ˼硢ӵ˺޷֮ô죡
οֱӸɹһ̣ƾǸ޼᲻ݵĹӣǺȡʤİա
һ֮£ż赹ĺڹ˴ȵȥǡ
Ӳ֪ۿ嵽ǽţȻͷԵĴеҡҵĵүôôʰ
Ǻڹʶĵվ˵ߣȥӷͷѩǡ
ŵ˳ǽĠ꣬һͨʱסЩֱǽ漴תͷȥĲ˼ǡ
ҵ˺ڹļ룬ĸ˺ܿ콫ѩǷ
ͷѩȻȽʱҲ֪Ҫ̱ţ֮֮ݣԱ˷֮󣬱ΡΡǽ֮ȥ
ֻһ飬Ȼָһͷ꣬ѾϳǽӽǶ⡣
һﵱҲЩ£֪ʲôʱ۶ϵǰغ񱳿пǶķ϶ʹһˣһϵĳש㱻ӵשϣѾӽڵͷԴȥ
պӵһ£˵ὫֲĠҸԴôҲҵһ׹ǽ
ǣǳԤϺͳģǿʮصĳשڠԴϣȻͬڸ֮ϣשˣͷֻǱҵ΢΢ԴҲûûֱӴӳǽϵȥ
ͷ΢΢һ֮Դǰһ̽ͬذݣһݣźӵԴǷҹһ
һ£ǰѺӸˣһҪ̱ȥ
Ȼ䣬һɫӰһ嵽Ӹǰʵʵں档
Σһӳ嵽ӸǰһֳסҪ̱ĺӣһֻӶĹӣֱֱһͷԴϡ
ͷûƤͣҽУû뵽ͻȻ䱻ͷһһӱû漴ӳǽϵȥȻһ졣
ֻոսͷ³ǽͷѾһͷոմӶ̽ӣһͷѾ˶ڡ
קŵĺһƣ漴һֱ˵ͷǰһڸո̽ӵͷԴϣֱӽصϡ
漴Ѿ϶ڵͷظһٳʮ
ǣԴӲظλȻǴʮȻƿһ󶴣ںĲ֪໹ʲôһ˲֮˳
ֻǺںĶһͷҲ浹ȥ
һ۵ǽͷ꣬Ȼͷ֮󣬾Ҳû񻹽ܽ˿ȥ
ʱҲûüϸΪһ˲䣬üͷ겻˳ǽ˽
һͷֱſ죬ڵϺҧȥ


732 1
ֻһͷһڻҧ˸գƴȫںӱҧһ˲䣬ק˿ȥ
Ӡｫק˳һ̣еĠ궼ϵ˳ǽҪһͷһͷȥԸȻѾˡ
õʱĲ˼Ѿͷѩǣ˳ǽԶԶĶݿʱǲܵв
΢һЩһק˺ӣųͷԼ˹ˠ꣬һ󳤳Х
Х֮Уȫ˳ͷĠ꣬ٴͬ޴һ㣬׷׵³ͷó߰˰˵ǡ
ͣХٲֱק˺ӣ䣬˳ǽúȥ׷Ĳ˼ڹǣԼȴ˹ӣȥǼͷ׹ǽĠꡣ
Ġ꣬һͷ̯ڰǽĵطһͷͷĻڲסĳ鴤
Ҳ⼸ͷĠȻҪǸѩһѹ̫ĻԼҲĪѹ
ԣһ·Źӣ⼸ͷ꣬ȫһ顣
⼸ͷʬĶƤƿһֺںĶ
ֱʱע⵽㣬ʵظֻһ飬ֻҪһطĶĶҲͬһ㣬ڻһ̲ͬһĶ
ⶫһڻĶǹζʵŵҪѬһ񾭶ȽϴҲ̲סҪŻ¡
ʱ䣬ƳǽǼͷ껹ЩʱŻָŴ̤ȥ׷Ĳ˼ˡ
׷Ĳ˼ӵˣķֺһĬż˵һ仰ҲԵöӵ˸׽
ӻ˽ǫˣ˵Ǹǧѵһšȵȣ֮˵ٵĺû
ҲûٴʦǳһһɣһӶЩЦ⡪ıǳԺδ
ӾúЦǣǰƺ󹧣üûܴ׳еܣٺ٣Ҳ̫С˵ļǳġ
һſҪԼԴϷŵˣߺߣԼôˣӻ˵ʵ
ֻȻúЦҲ̲סһ䣺ǸӣҲǰùأͦģʲô
ЦЦ˵һͦͨĺϽֹӣƭ˵ŦԼʱ򣬴ӱѹģǶӹһµҪȴܾˡ
˵ԺǼһҪ𣬾ӳַ˵˵Ĳܣ˵̫ϾջʥյĽ𹿰ߣ͸ԼļƷ֮ȥ٩
ЦһҲͲ׷ȥˣϾһѾ¶ٵСβͣȻһһȴȥƽϣΪԼɣϼһ֮⣬Ψһˡ
ȻԼΨһ鷳һЩǲ鷳
ԣЩܣȻЩ¶СβͣҲֻһֻ۱һֻۣһЦ֮
ֻôһ˵ɵð̾Ϣһ
ԭĲ˼Ϊͷѩǵ֮̾ͻȥ׷ѰЩͬ飬û뵽ǣͷѩƺܿǰһȺͬ߹ĵطƳ˳ǣȻˣïܵɭȥ
ѩĲ˼綼ɻҪǿͭƵĵطôͭԵֻ༯۵ĵطŻеѵǰ뷨ֻ֪ǿͭƵĳ
һߣһЦŽͣԼȷǷȥǿͭƳ뷨Ϊû̫壬û뵽ѩǴ·֮ǰȥͭƵĳҲҪһκܺڣȻвͨ
ҵͭƵĳҲֻ֤κܺкڹˣȥǴʵûҪˡ
˵ֻܼϣͷѩǣһǿܲҵ·پǿ᲻ҵЩ¡
ңԽԽţЩ£ĿԲ󣬱Ͼĺڹڲǻúúõģ
һ·ǰߣɭԽԽïܣң˳֮һȺһȺǣҲûܵвʣµǼͷ꣬˶Щɵ֮⣬Ҫԭ򣬿Ǽͷȥ׷ӴܵһȺѩȥˡ
һ·ţڸӵ˻Щľսģʱعͷȥ̽һǲР
֮ţһԹηֻϵǿ̫һֱаƶԾʱ䣬Ҳû֪˶á
Ĳ˼ӵÿһγ϶ԸֱߵӼʱ֮ģûǸ֮⣬ҲռҪ
ͺڸһеֱͣˣӵĵӱֻ͸˵ˣ֪ʲôʱûġ
ֻܸԼʱ䣬΢ȷһģҲǳԷˡƽľ飬һηԼܹסСʱ˸Сʱ
ڱϾڶ棬뽲ʱԺȣҰ⣬ʱ򶼱ܳһ͵ٳһʵڶòˣܳԺһ١
Ϊ޵ʳԴ֮⣬Ҫƣû׼׼ԷʱͻȻͻһвʲôģ˵ҰεҲʲôʱԾͳԣϾʳԴʮޡ
֮ʵԷÿ˵ֻǾӣĳţĳš
ԣƬïܵɭ˳ԹηҲͲǹһʱ䡣
ֻÿһγԷʱӵ˶ٲҪóһЩţɣȥιͷѩǡ
ΪͷѩǱϾ֮ͨʡ˵ʳﲢԣ˸ιʳҲֻһ˵ķ֮㲻ٳˣʹ̫ʳȱ
һʱͷѩǸĲ˼硢ѩ׽࣬ȴЩηһ򰮹ӣͷѩǵ̬ǰģһָ̬߰
ںڹˣͷѩǵ̬ʮԣˣ˭ֻҪ˿ͻ죬ĵ׹⡣
ÿÿʱĲ˼ǰ裬ѩȥ˺ڹˡ
ڶγԹ֮һ߸·Աڶ˼磬˵ôһƬɭ֣ҪֻܴɽҰʲôģڻһζٺ١
ûĴóһ·ʲôСûгСߺߣͻȻ֮ðһֻģҳԣܳԵȥ
ӡٺ١ĸЦ磬ô붼ġ
ЦЦûԼڻĠ꣬ǹζܰѿ൨ˮ³
Цһ󣬹Ƭ̣ͻ˵˵ûһ·ûʲôгģţһƬţٺ٣ãǸƬӵǴ޵


733 2
Цһ£ٲȥࡣ
ʱǰĲ˼ͻȻһ
ӵ˻Ϊʲô飬ǰȥһ֮£ӵҲ̲סһ󾪺
Ĳ˼Ѿվһ¶֮ϣһڹ֮ǰһٲ֮ʱ龰
棬һƬһ޼ʣƽ̹ĹƽԭӰӰ´¼䣬ܿƽԭϵһǳء
ȻһοĳǳԵıǰһǳݻ࣬ǰΣЩ΢֮֮ͬ⣬һоô죬ɣǲͷѩǰѼˣִصڹصǳ
ѩĲ˼綼ǲסҡͷôܣǰٲֻһ¶£Ͳ˵ˣǳȽϣһǳԵݻ࣬ķ񶼺Щͬ
ǽ̻Ի͵ĳǳأӸڹ˶ϲüҡ
ǿǳص֪϶̵ܹٵĺô
ѩվһֻعͷһۡ
֪ô£ܸоͷѩǿһۣͦӣ֪ǲǸѩദþˣԻһĸо
Ĳ˼ҲתͷǸӵ˵ܴܲӦһ£
عЦЦϴ˵Ҫô£һܲӦɣ˵ɣʲô£
ʲôҪκһĲ˼˺һ˵
ЦЦֲЩʲô˵ˣһ˵ģЩʲôûаϵ
ҾͷˣĲ˼΢΢һȻûװ׵ĴӦǳκһ˼ٺõĶҲûϵĲ˼ǷģϾһ˵ˣӦ飬һء
Ĳ˼תͷ˿ӣȴû˵ʲôĲ˼籾ҲҪֹȥǳǳĶĲ˼Ӷ벻Ӧ
һ֮󣬼öҪһ֣ûô˵
ֻЦЦ˵ϴ󣬱ôңȻ綼ӦȻܸ綪ӣٺ٣кöͣӦòΥɡ
Ĳ˼΢΢һҲǲǻ仰ɳŵ漴ѩѰ·¡
ںڹˣĲ˼ͲԸȥ˵ͬΪı˵˵ĻúڹʣҪ϶͸ҡ
ֻǺڹĲ˼ôһ˵ϲԭ˻ţҪǽò񣬻߸ָֻŵģ˵Ӧ
ڿĲ˼̬ȣǸԼˣԼϲ¡
Ҫ֪˵һǹƾǰǳ¶˵һ֣ڹ˾֪ҪˣᣬһϣҲԲ죬Ϊ£˻ųأû뵽ͻȻ֮丣ͽˡ
˷֮£һнٶȾͿ࣬ͷѩҲ˲٣мֻǳԹһٷ˾͵˳ǳصĸ
ǳػвһصʱͻȻЩ
ظоǳһճǡ棬кܶѩһϢЩϢζš
Ҫ͸Ϊ̫ԶԿǺʵĳǽǲǰˡ
ֳǳ棬¾Щѩǵϳ
ֲͷѩǾ˺ȣߵҲ죬ǻϼҰ
Ĳ˼һ˵Ĳ˼üͷö˵ʲôϾͷѩǴ·⣬ģԼҪ˵һ䣬ɾ
ӵЦЦ˵뻢ѨɵûӣǺǣ֪ǰѣҡڵֱȥʲô⣬ҲʷŨصһʣٺ٣οοжڣͷѩҲ塭
һ·ߣһ·˵˵ЦЦȫûаġ
Ǻڹˣɵý
һ·˵˵ЦЦģ´ѨƣĲ˼硢ѩ˵鵹Ҳ
ֻɵûάסãվȻͼתֱ¡
׵ľʱͷѩͻȻɿĴܵȥˣΣͬոչӣȲһѶ˲ϣͼҪصȥ
Ŀѩʧǵںָŭ˺һ󣬴ͷѩ壬ϸӠýеҩˣһ·ϼʡԼãȴչмӣĵͷ֮ҲͰˣ¼飬Ը㵽һȥ߻ıơ
֮һһˡѩǣֱͬƺ֮ˮģϲңоݣԴϣϡ
ƫƫӵŭûĲ˼ھŲһ׵ĵطһС
˴ĿľǣС棬Ѫ죬żĹͷ
ãϵһκܺǵı
κܺǸϵħǡʱҲѩȺϮһΣŽΧԭǼ˵ıҲǴ󲿷ֶʧ˵ġ
ϣؼǵãӸ˵ȷǳǹʲôûˣκܺˣЯһС
ô˵ӦþǳֻκܺġѾ
ϸһ֮󣬾ͷֱ˳κܺıΪϢκܺġ
ֻǣκܺǲǼдĹͷ˭ģȴ½ۣǳĵǣȻκܺǶˣôء
С棬붼ʳ﹤֮ģûʲôֵǮĶӦκܺǻûõѾˡ
ʹӸǲסƿڴѩǣκܺططˡ֮ڣӿʲô˳ۣ
СĶ˵ô֮ӵˣڹ˵淭һһһذףһ˸ܣ֮á
˽ֻǸող鿴κܺСֻһǺӳһգۼͻȻˮһӿʮͷ˶ѩ
Щѩǣ˸һͷѩвͬСһţëɫҲӣʮͷѩ֮УҰëɫѩǾȻռ˴󲿷֣ϮκܺεЩǡ
һЩѩǣĲ˼ѩӵ˲£һǹţֻѩһ˽Ҫ̿ǹɱ
ʱ򷴶ڰǹóֱֱĶЩѩǡ
ʱ򣬶˵ǹ鷳Ͼ˴ӵͲ࣬һ·ɱ˵ʣǹѾ޼
˵ˣ֮ѩǣһգۼͻ˵ǰǹ赲һ󣬵ǵӵһ̣Ҳǵһ̡
ԣֻ۾һգգĽȺֻҪһͷѩԾͻһ˲

ЩʧǣһȺѩǶ˵ǰʮԶˣȴûͷ


734 3
ֻҲһ˲뵽ˣȺǳοͬһҪϮʱǶĻָӵġ
ۿȺǶ˵Ÿǰˣȴͺȣȱǹ
ӸĲ˼硢ѩָڰˣһͺȣʹɿָ
ͺһҲǵΪԼ⼸˵ȺͻȻȱŹˣ෴ʱȽţĲ˼˵߬Լв˶ʱǣԶΪ
ֻһȺѩǵ˸ǰȻһȺѩǵȻ񲢲ѺãҲ֮ǰ׹¶
һͷѩһ·߹·̲̣Ҳϸͷѩǵ񣬶ѩģ׽ĺ;ηǼϡ
ǰһȺѩǵ񣬷ֻоǶԼһ˵񣬵ԶԶûﵽԼһ˵ĳ̶ȡ
һȺѩֻǲԸԼ⼸̤ǵضѣǲΪԼһ˾ȹǣǾͻжһ㣬ȥƾղ²⡣
ֻһȺѩû̫ԵĶ⣬ҲͲĲ˼ȶ֣ԣżʱֹĲ˼ǣ
ҵǣӡĲ˼硢ѩ˶˵ǼֶսܹΣҵĺ֣ھǰ£ǲҪǹȻ
һȺ˵ĬԽԼĺȺȴܹнֹ
Щȫڶľ֮ϣ
Ĳ˼ӵȻûǹֱҲ̧һǹڣֹǹ߻
ֻո꣬˵˽ŸǰһȺǣȻһͣڼ˽Ÿǰͣ
һͷͷѩǣ߰Դˣоǰ߰벽˼
΢΢һǹɶڼϣЦһëӣŻүǰɣٺ١б¾ϰ
ӵĻδ䣬һͷǣͻȻֿѪ죬ǰһ죬ذƵݣʹӵŵһ졣
ͷҲôһ£漴ְԴ˻ȥ
˺ðΣӲǿЦ̵ģ㵹ˣŻүǰɡ
û뵽ǣ˵֮䣬ӳ洫һϤЦ
Сֵܣˡ
κڹսսؽһ
κܺĲ˼üͷ˵
ôûѩ˵
ëһκܺһӻ
üͷԭκ壬һΪ˭Ȼôơ
κܺϹָĻƽμһĴӳ˳һһЦСֵܣ㿴㿴κ˵ʲôţЩֹǧڣǶ´࣬Щҵˡ
üͷκ壬֪ģֻˣĶûȤ
˵䣬ڹŸκܺй飬վ˳ߵǰ棬˵κǣڹӣ㻹ǵһġ
ڹɺԭΪôһУκܺ̾ͻЩ飬˵ָһЩôٱһȺǳż˷
û뵽ǣκܺһЦǸոƵģٺ١ڹӣȻšߺߡµѣֱߺߡ
κܺôһ˵ڹ˾ɫ䣬̾Ҫǰȥʰκܺһ١
ֻǲ֪ô£κܺߺߵЦкüͷǣֱӾͳźڹ˼˹
һƲԣҳ˵κ壬ûʲô˼ʲôֻѰش¶ѣˣκ֪شЩµô
κܺһЦ֪֪Ҳ㣬Ǻǣ˭жˣĲƱ⣬ûŶ
ӣٴν͵κ壬˵ˣֻˣûаƱ˼ģҪشǵϢ̾ߡ
˭֪κܺЦ˵ߣߣߺߣûҵĶҲȥȥ
ŭκʲô˼ƾʲôȥˡ
κܺӵĻеƾʲôƾҾҾеһУùƹܣù֧䣬ȥȥҲȥͲȥ
Ӹ˵κ֮ҲЩ飬˵ˣֻǵ£ǾߣҲûʲô
Ӹκܺ˶Ƥӣѩ˵벻֮
΢΢ҡҡͷκܺ˺һŵ˵֮²
Ĳ˼΢΢ͷʵʲô˼
κܺӵʲô֮˵ҪȻҲòȥӦʲôܹǸĶ
ǻʲôѩʵ
ٴοһӼòסκܺ˵ӣӦҩ֮Ķҩǳ
δ䣬ٴδеκƨ㲻֪үҲǺúŪôһȺǹб£ͰѠҸôʰġ
κܺãҾʶʶҵ
˵ţκܺ鴽Хһ˸ǰȺͻȻɢֿ
΢һȺ֮еĸо治Ǻġ
ֻһû꣬ʮͷƹӵˣ˼ǼƣҪӵǰߡ
Ⱥ£һߣһߵ˵磬κܺϹˣ취
΢һ˵ü¡
Ĳ˼ѩ˾΢΢ͷ
Ŀǰ״ȷ򣬷˷κܺһ̱֮֡
ڹ˾ɫڹò״յǰ˵˵ֹƶǳ޵ģӣκǶ
ԭˡȻ
ֲãԼԭΪκܺҵʲôܹʹȺıȴʼûκܺϿԭκܺԼ˹ƶ
Ҳ˵˵ֹƶàʬƵģ޷ƣС㡭
˵ƶԼϣҧԼŦԼʱƶŻ³Щ׳棬龰ʵ
ӻ˵߹ڹκܺеֹƶڼ˵ʱ֮ھͻᷢһ˹ƶ˾ͻøǠһΪ뽩ʬܹƶĲݺ֧䡣
ֲ״Ĺʬ궼硣
Ӹ磬Ҳ¹ٵĹĹĹϻءʬ֮ģû¹ΨһȥմǵģйƶĵطһйƶٶĲƱҲ࿴һۡ
ʵڲκܺôһˣΪʲôĸԸĽĹƶ֮ࡣ


735 뽩ʬ꣨1
˱ʮͷţţǳ棬ŷ֣ǳ棬ԶԶҪӺ
Ľֵԣǵǽߣ򼸿컨Ȼû֣żܳͷѩǣִȥǰļǣﵹҲԵȻ
Ȼ۵ӸڹǼ˲סֱ̿ˮǣżһŶ󿪵ķݣŶȥļ˽룬ܶ඼ǽߡ
ֻǴԵĿҲһǽƽǡĸо
βӡڹǼֱ̿ˮ
ֲκܺйƶҲҪ⻻ͨˣ˭Ķѡ
ֻǣЩ˵УĲ˼硢ѩˣȴǵȻ
ûȥ࿴һЩĶֻǸκܺġ
һߣѩʵûаգһɱ
ҡҡͷҪһɱκܺҲûоԵİգϾйƶˣһоΣգƶͻԱܵȥ壬ʹ߱˶޷
οԼһٻɱκָܺô죿ʮͷѩǣΧĲ˼硢ѩӣԼڹӡ
ֻҪԼһ춯ģЩˡ
ԣʱѣ
κܺǰţԵЩһߣһ߿еҵģߺߣǰʲôûУ˭ңڡڣҪеˣȫµ˶֪κܺǮˡ
еǶҵġ˭ҵģ˭ԣҾú
κܺеļ϶ʵӸأǲǸһô
κܺתͷ˺һ˵ΪȺߺߣ˭ҵġ
΢΢̾Ϣһ˶֮ͽ·ϵʱ򻹶Ĳ˼ѩ˶ֶţȻûǳʲôʰ飬ˣӵҲǸˡ
ʹˣҲֻᣬҲڵãȻΪκܺĻͱκܺιǡ
ѩҲʵˣһأǲǰҲιǣ
κܺ˼˵ӡӣǸļһҰҡټһҪʬΡ
κܺĻ֪˴ӵκܺ˵Ӧκܺڵǽ˿϶ͷìܣпǻһ
֮ˣȴȺԵֻʣ¼ĹͷֻκܺҲòᵽȥΪ˶ǳĲϧգԼʬƵĹƶ
˵֮䣬һȺ˵˳ǳĵشһʯذ壬ƽ׵Ĺ㳡
⴦㳡ΧŰߴʮ׵ĻƽܣڲҰ׵չ£Իޱȡ
ֻһЩ͵ܣǲġһ
ǽֵϣһһ޴ĵܣȻǼĠ
ȻҲǽӲӵģǳª˾ÿֲġ
ļͨĽֵҲÿֵϣҲ񣬷ֱͷ۶񡢵ħ
Щܣÿһ඼һģһ𣬷ֱÿһֵڵߣһ𣬶Ź㳡
Щªݣɷı飬һľս
ӴŴͰ͵˵磬ҡôЩˡ
û𻰣κܺߵ㳡ĵĸ̨ϣͬһ㣬ָ߾٣ҪȥӵϵǿŲҰ׵̫һ㣬еҵǣֻҽµϡ
Ĳ˼κܺˣ
Ѿȫƶסˣѩ˵
ӻͷ˿һȺѩǣתͷκܺ鲻ѵ˵ϡκ˵ģʬ꣬㡭мֻҿ
ûȥͳֻĿϸһΧĻ
ֱߣͷһֵ棬һϻűӵİɫѩǣһʮͷѩǡ
ʮͷѩǣĵ棬һ޵ɫκܺԼˡ
ΪκܺʬƶһȺѩǶȻ־壬ȴޣκܺΪܹﵽʹȺӦǶʹ¹ɱ֡
ʱκܺôһ˵ոƵģĴЦȵҪףҾǿʲô
˵䣬κܺ͵͵һ
κܺԭ˵ǰʮͷɫѩǣʱ׷ɢ
̵Ĳ˼˵һ֣Щߴ
Щÿһ𶼸ߴʮףҶɽޣܲҪףֻҪЩ棬ٿԶȺϮ֮ô죬Ҳֻһһˡ
Ĳ˼ЩĵĿҪСġ
ѩҲšüͷ˵ҾЩԾпꡭ
˵Ҳûӵ飬죬ָֻܷһ
ʱָ˵κҲЩ飬˵ʬ꣬žˣ۸л˵ˣҲѣ࣬۸ԺˮˮҲˡ
κܺһۣŭֻҪˣһҲŹȻѡҪʬҲ御Ը
ƨŭүҿڸ㻹ЩķϣȰһҲȥүҽ¶һơ
䣬һͺȵ֡
Ļ䣬Ҳֱκܺ˹ȥ
һʱ֮䣬Ĳ˼硢ѩӡڹ˷
ȺͻȻҶޱȣ̷һƬ͵ͺУڵȺκܺķԸ
ֻκܺһɢļˣɵһ㶣Ƭ̣Ŵ촽Х
һɲǼ䣬Ⱥõֳɣһ׷ɢļˡ
վΪκܺٻƬ̣Ĳ˼Ѿϵܣһ׶ߵλãȺ׷ʱֻܶſߵĲ˼ͷ񺿣мֻҪȥ˺ҧվĲ˼ÿ죬ǼͷҧҲֻͽ͡
κܺļХûأѾ˵κܺǰһ־ͳκܺŴһȭ
һȭͷҲʮֵľǴľϣҲԿ׾ٵĴԴֻǿľκܺϣ˰κܺһƬֽһ¸̨ȴƺû˺
κܺӵһ
һ̣κܺʼһЩɫҺ壬Ȼ٣ǶκܺĺᵽһɱȠڻ֮Ҫŵζ
ʬƶԱܵĿʼף
Ҵ⣬ȡӣӸֱ̨ùӵͷκܺԴ
ⲻ֪ʱκܺȻɵñҲ˶٣ֻ΢΢һܿĹӣһȭ
κܺȭͷԼظ΢΢һˣոأԭΪͬһʱʹãԱܿκܺȭͷ
û뵽κֱܺͻȻ֮䱩粻ֹȻһȭʵʵĴؿϡ
б»壬ҲֻоؿһڣҪ³ƵģҲź˳ȥ
Ĳ˼ܹסӵĵطعͷÿһĻ㶼Ǿ


736 뽩ʬ꣨2
ԴӸһ֮Ĳ˼˼һ֮䣬ͱ˴úɳȥΡ
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Ĳ˼ӵ˶Ҫȥæ£ΧһȦѩǣҪ£ֻ»ûﵽԼȸһʬ޴ˡ
֮£κܺһȭú˳ȥڵϣһûκܺѾ˹
ʱκܺ۾ӶѾʼڣֻ۽ҲʼڵҺ壬ӡҲͬĺɫҺҲʼһɴ̱ǵĳζ
ʱκܺһ˫֣Եһһ̣һ֧֣ȶ̵һ֧Ҳִ˺ü½ֻŵѿƳ鲼Ƭ
Ȼûȫһֻ΢΢ڵһţ˱վ
ֻողվκܺѾ˸ǰ
ҸκܺӲϽ˼ͼԻ
˭֪κܺȻͬӰУ֮䣬Ѿ˱ӡ
⵹κܺԼ죬Լ˿
ǰ֮£κܺһȭؿڣԼûǿ˵ˣڷ֮£Լˣǿ죬ܿ쵽ȥ
ֻǾȫΣκܺıӶҪԼıǼˣﻹݵ롣
£˫ζڵϣһһԼƣͬһڶԴһ㣬κܺҸ½˦κܺı
漴˫ŷǰһݣһɲǼ䱼ʮԶֱǴ̨ϣֻعκܺ
Ĳ˼ɢ濪ʼͱһһȭκܺٵκܺһȭúɳȥˡֱڣһҲﲻסˡ
֮ؿڵƣ΢ЩҲһѪ
Ѫأһ˲֮䣬ȺЩĺЩǶᵽѪζȻҲͿ۵
һֱԹ۵ʮͷһӹİɫѩǣҲǲĵͺ
³һѪĲ˼Ǵ
ſһļϣ˫ֱŶĲӣҲǲסĽе硭硭û°ɡ
һʱ֮䣬ǵĺڹӵľĲ˼˵ĺԼκܺĺ쳹һƬ
Ψһȹȴֲģֻѩһˡ
ֻѩȻûȴϸĵڵľơ
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ѩӦһֱźܶɱûãܹһɱκܺģڿȻǴĹƣѩ͹ʬƶ
ѩʼ֪ĻԼӦøһ𲢼սǸһֻԼȺ
ôѩԼڸҪʲô
ѩôţ̧ͷȥĲ˼磬ȴĲ˼ʱѾֹͣ˾УǰǹѾƵţǹѾκܺ׼Ҫκܺƶٶ̫죬ʹĲ˼޷׼Ĳ˼ʱͿǹˡ
ֻǵѩҲǹóӵţȥ׼κܺʱκܺѾһ
ǿڻѪؿ΢˳Щһîعͷκܺ
κܺԭǼǼ˵ģⲻ֪ͻȻ֮ʧȥӰκܺŭ֮عͷѾվ̨֮£ᵽѪζκܺŭ֮£Ե˷ܲѡ
κܺڵʬƶѪıԣɴˣκܺĿƣ͸Ѹʹκܺͬҵ̨µ
ֻʱԻҲǺηκܺ
һգۼӰ㣬һӴַ˿ȥ
һΣҺκܺӲƴӲǣѡ˱ʵλŶսκܺӴ֮ʣֻƾŷɿٶȣκܺͷϳһ漴Ʊܿκܺ棬Աܿ
֪κܺʬĹƶͬСɣ׵ظκܺӴֻһ֣ƾԼٶȵƣܲȡʤ
ֻǣκܺͷȻһӰȴǺܴȫʬĹƶʹκܺӣ߱ˠļӲ̶ȣжٶȣ궼ܸڵκܺȡ
ΪκܺȻܵƶĿƣκܺûΪ뽩ʬԻ߱ԼǴڷ״̬֮е
һ֮κܺǰٴʧȥӰʱ̨棬³һѪǿζʹκܺһеҪ˹ȥ
ʱͷܲסѪζջɫѩǣһǰһ󣬳嵽̨ϣͷȥʳϵ̲Ѫ
ͷѪǲ£κܺѾ˵һ֣ץסһͷ漴һͷѩһ
ͷץסѩһţŤͷκֱܺҧһڡ
˭֪κܺԼҧֱۣ˫ץͷѩǣֻһʱͷѩǳأ漴κܺſ죬һҧڰϣƤëҧһ飬Ȼ֨֨ľ׽
龰ŵúڹӵ˲ϵĲ˼˶ò˳
ܹʳѪһͷѩǣκܺһ𣬡ءĵͺţſڵϾȻҶˡ
һ̣Ĳ˼ѩǿķڣʮֻκܺԴϣ漴۶
硱ǹ죬ӵκܺԴϣû뵽ֻκܺԴһƫתͷɭɭĿĲ˼ѩ˵һ
˵κܺһκܺĺϣκܺھ׽һѩǵƤ⣬κܺ˳
κܺһ˿еǲҪǹ
һ֮ٽ޼᲻ݵĹӣҲܶκ̫ܺ˺Ĳ˼ѩ˵ӵͺεκܺ
ΣԼκܺ浥㲻κܺأԼҲ̫ΣգԼԱ
ĵǣĲ˼ǲʲôһκܺע˹ȥǶĲ˼˵֣֮ҪǵκܺҪʩȣҲΪ
Ҫ׼κܺٴοǹĲ˼ѩˣĽɵöһֻۣǹ֧
Ĳ˼ѩ˵Ҳ̫µ飬һκܺ˵ͷԼ֣ƱӰж
Ĳ˼ѩѾе˶Ը⿴ģҲǼҪ顣
ԣĲ˼ѩ̾ǹȥκܺ
ֻǰӵԴϣֱںһԵⶼ˳κܺ̾ͷ
ԴĲ˼ߵģԣҲ΢΢һתĲ˼ǲ
󼱣һߴУһ˵κܺٴλӹκܺңһκܺԴϣ߹ֻκܺԴǻ
κܺ⼸ǰһˣϣҲˡ


737 뽩ʬ꣨3
κܺߣһŲסκܺӶ׼κܺıһӲȥ
޴޼᲻ݵĹӣһӽκܺڵϡ
ΣŶӵӣɵôĲ˼ѩҲɵ΢΢͸һ
ڹʼϵĻƽԼװЩ鱦μ
ֻǾڼ΢΢һ֮ʣſڵϵκܺȻԴһ
һɲ֮䣬κܺ˾˵ı仯
ԭڵκܺס͵彥ŵĿѣѴ¶ļ棬ͬǧŤУ֮κܺƤŵ÷͸ͬκܺѵһſ
ſƤѸٵʧȥˮ֣øɽͬƤһ㣬һڵĹͷϡ
ңκܺȫĹǽҲ¸°Ͱͣ͡ëȻ
Ϊֲǣκܺļ֮ҲڵҺ壬䵽ϣ϶֨֨ðһɹ
κܺڵʬƶȫŷˣ
Ͻӳ˳һ֮£޼᲻ݵĹӵı棬ȻʴǶӰСĿӿݣϸһȦ
ʬƶôôɫ˲䣬ĵ
ˣſڵϵκܺȴĳӣ¶ƶ֮ıĿ
ֻκܺۿɼٶȣסı䳤üҲסıþ޴󣬲ʱκܺ;ȻֱܹȥһͶСһſźذס
κֽܺţڲסı󣬱ǿϵָҲɼצӣϵצֱӳſƤЬʱﵽ
Ϊֲǣκܺϵļǣÿһζͬһ̣ƼƤ¶˳
ʱѾ˰뽩ʬκܺӵͬȮϵˮһ㣬һɿݵƤ㶶һء
κܺκܺȫվʱٳһȫιͷβͣͳһͷ۲۵èƶꡣ
κܺеʬĹƶǰ뽩ʬʬֻ꣬±ǰ֠Ӧ
ʱЩԭΧĲ˼˵ɫѩǣҲˣһͷͷȫſڵɪɪ
κܺͷѩǣڵϣһȻŵ˵ֱһغ
һܹʮͷɫѩǣҲ¶ޱȵĿ־壬Ҫ뿪Ҳҡ
Ĳ˼ſϣǺˮʪ͸·
˭Ҳ벻ʬƶȻܹ졣
ͷ󺹣漱ٵתһпܽɰ뽩ʬκܺķӡ
ɰ뽩ʬκܺȴ̫ʱ䣬ֻǽԼɿݵƤɾ漴㳯˹
ҸӲ˵ͷһԾ䵽ɨ
ֻꡱһκܺļǱɨϣҵǣǸӣҲһ˲֮ϳء
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۳ڵĹӣȻ˲۶ϣʱסˡ
Դӵõʼƾӣڽգ⻤ķȻⲻɵһ˸С
˸֮ʣɰ뽩ʬκܺת
ȻһɨıǣܵӰȴɲֻ̫ж΢óٻһЩѡ
κܺתһץɨ˹
צӵѣظ֮ʱûһ飬Ҳɨ÷ɳȥԶ
˿ֲҪϴѩ͸Լı£һ£ᱻץ
һץץѣҲڽץûع
أŰ뽩ʬκܺŷһĺϵʯذ壬ͬըÿɣһ׵ĺһֱ쵽뽩ʬκܺ¡
κܺϲдƤ⣬ͬݲеҶһѸٱֱʧ
ĺЩɫѩǵܲסѩǶ۶ǿѪ΢һЩģ鿪ֱѪ
һֱͷʮͷɫѩǣʱͷܣԶԶıܿĺΧ
Ĳ˼ѩ˾ʯƴŶ䣬ͣűȠ˻˻ҪңҪ͵ʹࡣ
ĺУɰ뽩ʬκܺҲֵסͷҪܣϧǣϸᣬ֮УκܺϣһץסκܺЩͬļǼǣŲκܺ߹ǣκܺԴĺУͣر任ʱʱꡣ
ɰ뽩ʬκܺסܹÿοκܺϣֻǶŰ뽩ʬ겻סĿС
ץŰ뽩ʬĹͷӶעܵȭͷĴ򣬽΢ÿգҲǽܹעȥֱӵܵߵĵط
ʱ뽩ʬĹͷ㱻ʮ飬ߵߡ˿飬ڹͷϵЩƤ⣬ĺ֮еһɶʹð뽩ʬ곹׵ֻʣһڵĹͷֱӵڵϡ
ˣɲϰݣһŭһߴһߣץдĹͷӲͣˤײ
ˣ֪˶ãֱʶģ
ѹʱŷԼĲ˼ĻĲ˼һһεĵԼϡ
ѩһˮԼιˮһɵ⿴Լ
һɵӣϽʵ˼磬û°ɣ
Ĳ˼Ĩһᣬ΢΢һЦ˵أ
ѩʻ֪Ѿѹˮһţû˵Ҷˡ
һĲ˼ѩ˶ָϽеӣء
ɵĶһЦ˵ʲô
һʹĲ˼һץסӣеӣĶ磬㻹ǵ𣿡
Ӷ۾µµת£֪Ҷ磬ôǵãǡǡ
ӣ㵽ôˣ˭㻹ǵ𣿡ļٵ׷ʵ
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ָָѩ˵ǡҡɩӡ
˵⻰ʱȻЦݣȴЦôͣȫһɵӡ
ʱ絶ʣһ§ӣеӣԲҺ㡭Һ㡭
Ĳ˼վͻȻƨһţŭˣ㻹
ӡ໡Ĵһƿ˫űĲ˼ߵƨɣһ߱QһߴеӴϴôôһˡҲǸ翪Цôôˡ
ѩһԡԳԡЦãʲô鲻ƭ㶫硭á
ӿãֱȷֻڸԼЦǱԼɰ뽩ʬκ̵ܺʱ򣬱Լܺɵˣŭӣƭҵĸ顭
ţ˹ȥ


738 ʱû
һߴţ磬Ҳˡֻ㿪ЦһƨܵԶԶġ
ںһŭһ׷ӼɹֻҲ׷ӡ
ЦһŴߴصѩĲ˼ߣʵֻֻʬ꣬κܺôˡ
ѩƳһ۹㳡ϣĴɢͷԳԡЦôԼ£һһĹͷƬˣô
ɵ̾ϢһڡħǡʱκܺԼģ˵ҪƭԼʬ޷磬벻ҪƭԼһ仰վȻ档
Ĳ˼Щ˵ʵκܺ˰뽩ʬ꣬ʬⶼ磬Ҳˣ֮ҪˣǸҲġ
ҡͷٴ̾Ϣһκܺǰмª֮ԭҲ䵽˵زģڣıԼʬˡ
ѩȴЦ˵ҪЩͷȥʬǻ磬飬뽩ʬĹƶ֮ۿģҪǴ˳ȥǿɾǻ
Ĳ˼ҲȰѩ˵öԣȷǼΣյ飬ԵĻǽЩͷռ͵ˣҲǶǰκܺи
ѩ˵ЩͷǧȥǾ͵ҲܰЩͷһ𡣡
˵ͷ͵͵˵ǾͰ˼ȥ
Ƭּ̣ʱ򣬻кڹ˵ģôû
ѩСͣ˵κܺԭϵЩˣ˵ҪȥȰһ
ˣ̾Ϣһ漴ĬȻ
֮𲻿·Ĳ˼˽κܺĹͷռǳ棬˿طѩĽ飬ӣκܺŹǷɢݣˣκܺҲѣ䵽ʬǶȫķϣ΢ƾһ
ֻǾ㵽ڣûзЩµټЩĻ䡣
طԲͨĵطֻЩ£ʮаˡŲǱԵǱѩǳˡ
˵ˣҲãǻþҲգһУȴһʵʵʵʵڵģοЩ¶ţÿһطƾ⼸˵һǻ֮βҵõ
һ˵飬Ĳ˼ѩҲüͷڵ㲻ȥѰЩ£ҲҪҵ·аǵȥѰҳ·
ԭкڹһרҵӣһܺܿҵ·ҲˣƾԼˣҪҵ·ֻ»ѵúܡ
˺һȻʵǻѩǣôһֱûأ
û˵Щʱ֮ʣЩëѩǣ˵ˣߵģȫߵò֪ȥ˵ģҲˣߣЩҾӻûôĶ
ЩǸЩѩǽϾЩѩͨԣʼնֻ֪Ǽƽϸʲô
Ӳ˵Ǽƽϣͷȳǵıֱ֪κܺǼһռˣҪ赶ɱˣߺߣǾȻû뵽ˣһͷ˽ŵǸˡ
ĩˣӻصһ䣺ȫİ۶ǣ
һۣŭ㻹˵ΪʲôҪƭҡ
һ£ӸϽЦ˵ҲǸ㿪Цϼţ㻹׸𣿡
Ĳ˼ں˵ӣһΪҲ֪װɵʵúõһʣߣΪҲֻ֪飬Ҫ˵ҲûֹͲӦƭ㶫ĸ顣
̾һڣҴ
һƨϣߵһŭӣʵǲôģ
ƨɣ˵磬㿴ɣϴȥһҰɽǼǧһ˳ʲôۿⲻҪȥһأԵнɽɽҲɽհҲ˵һҪݺݵһʣҲ⼸˲ڴؿ̿㶼Ҫȥĵز
ǿסЦ˵ΪˣҲģҴǣûҵ·֮ǰ㱳żʮϰٽĶ·
˼üЦĴ˵Ҳǣǵȷֻװ󣬵ȵʱ죬ٺ١
֮⣬˵ҵ·ҵЩ£ʮϰٽĲԼǺǡ
ֻǸƬֳ̣ü磬ʲôʱʱ찡ǹûǸˣҪһ£ȴϼףסͳɣʱкõģۿԻһûУҲڣ㿴ô
ӵ̵Ǵáž죬ֻüͷŭ붼룬ڻж·Ҫߣ鷳Լеף౳ʮʮﶫҲѹ壬ѹҿɲȥ֮ûӸϼǽ
һɣϼ˺һתͷ˿ǳأ֮Ц˵߰ɡ
û뵽Ȼһ£תͷĲ˼˵мҪĶˣȥҡ
ǰƴɰ뽩ʬκܺʱǸһֱĹӱˣԺһ£֪ع䵽ȥˡ
ֻƽϰ߾֮ͷŻǬʰκܺŹʱֱֲ֣ʱ
Ͼ֮ˣҲʮֲ̾ʹԻȥңһߣܲó
Ĳ˼ѩ˶֪˵ǹӵ飬ɺʵûջȥô
ֻҡҡͷҲϸ˵ҡͷĬϡ
Ĳ˼̾һǸӣĲ˼ȻѩҪ֪ٵö࣬ҲóǸӾƽ֮ȻˣҲҪҵ
ѩǺݺݵһǸӵ֮ѩ֪һû뵽ȻŪˣҪֻڳǳصĹ㳡ϣҲͻˣվҵûֻûע£ڹ˼ȥǾЩ
ǸӵͬСɣҪǱȥĹĹߣΪŰΪ
οӵҲӸѩ˴ǸӵʱѾģʱԺȥĲ˼硢ѩ˲ע£ȫп˳ǣ򽫹Ӵߵġ
ʵĵҲ飬ԲҪȥҿҲҪŪǲǱǴˡ
˼ææصڵĹ㳡ϣһƬǽ֮ϸѰ
һңĲ˼ѩԼˣʱԼԺ֪ǱˣоǸѾأԣĿͻС˺ܶ࣬ҪҰѰҵķλͷΧܵҵȷǺˡ
Ĳ˼˼һʯשһתȥңԼȴϸһѰǸӵϢ


739 
ǸӵϢȻر𣬵վǺŨһ飬û͸ȥָܹȷҲûз֡
ģֺǸӵʱմκܺڵʬƶϢԭζڸˣԿӵ˶һʯשһʯשȥңԼҲԶ
ʱЩûضǲʯשһʮףҲǱըըģ鼱֮£ʼջ¶˲ٵβͳ
ҵĲ˼ӵ˾ֲֻЩ顣
ˣ˰ѹ㳡϶һ飬ʯשüѣȴûڹӵӰ
ȷϹ㳡ĵȷʵڣֵΧķһ飬ûҵӴһһ
ңӻóĶݵǰЦе˵ɲ̰ģֻҷǳ֣ó㿴ˣҪϣǾʹϣҪǲܴ̾ͻȥ
ΪҲڹӣصǺӸڹȥԺΪĹĹ߶ŭӆµģʱɵŭ̸ͻȥʲôĶֵĶ塭
ڨЦ˵ǰ磬Ϳһۣһ֮㻹ͻȥҾԲ˵һ֣
ʵڿסӵľֻŭˣãҾͿһۣһ֮̾͸ͻȥ
ŵĶȴһ˵
ģȻһ˽εͭƣСǿֻ࣬аƴСֺ񱡡
Ȼ֪ͭƣԭǳңҲɳųǵʯϼͭƣǵʱֻ֪ӦֻǰƣĻҲǬ𡢶ҡ롢㡢޵ȰԷš
ҵͭƣԵĲһ
ĻƲһ
ʯϵͭƣԼżڳǳطݵϿͭƣǰԷţͭƣȴһ仨ǳµһ仨
ͭ仨˿״Ļ꣬ϵ޶Կ̵ޱȣ˿ϸĻÿһƬ˿״ԲͲչԵͦۡ
ÿƬƬ˿״ϳһССһͺͺľѶˣγһռ֮ͭһĻ
ͭϵĻ䲻£岼ҲǡôһͲɵð֡
ͭϵĻȻȴδҲֻ֪ʲô֡
˾ľµĻӦиʫ֡
ƫƫûֻ֪֣һ߼ʵ磬ɶôôƯ˿һ۾Ͳӵ
㲻֪ӵ˼ͭϵĻƯƯΣؼʵ̫ʲôôƯ˵̽ĿôƯĶֵ϶ƣòôš
֪⻨֣˲뵽Ĳ˼Ļ԰棬ĲԶɽ滨ݣĲ˼Ӧ֪⻨Ļ
룬ҪĲ˼⻨ĻȻͻȥû뵽ʱѩѰ˼ӣҲûҵǸӣ˹
ѩߣ׼һ½ôȴһۿŵǿͭϵĻơ
ֻͭһ仨ѩȻļһ
УѩָǿͭƣǾֵĽеӵӵѽӵ
˶ǳһȴֲѩΪλ˾֣˶ǲɵôһ
һ֮£ѩȻ˵ߣһ֣ｫǿͭƶ˹ȥ漴ͭӵϣýŲ˼š
ЩɵˣˣѩҲûڴ󾪴ǰѩ˿ᾪţڲһͭôѩôôķӦ
˺һ˲Żɵʵʲô
˶٣ָϽѩֻͭһ仨ô£
ѩǱˣؿڣ˺һҲû
ʱĲ˼Ҳջһۿѩ澪֣̲סʵѩӣʲô
˵ţĲ˼һ£ûʲôر֮ϸ϶д֣Ĳ˼̲סʵô£һôŹֵģ
Ҳ֪ôͺãֻһָָѩӵǿͭƣȴ֪ô˵
Ĳ˼ߵ̲ѵѩǰȥǿ鱻ѩ˼ŵͭơ
˭֪ѩֽе𶯣Ҫȥ񡭡
ѩĽĲ˼ҲһϽֱѩɻʵѩӣô£
ЩĴϴӵģǶڰﶫ綫ôǱҿⶫ泤һ仨ƯֺÿŪ⵽ʲôԴʶ磬볤ʶû뵽Ҳ߲ʶǡɩֹ֪ô£ֻһۣʹӶǶ˹ȥˣųҲ֪ô£ϴ֪𡭡
֮£˵ּֿһв壬ҪĲ˼ƽ֪˵ķ񣬹ֱӶӸ˹ȥ
Ĳ˼ôŪӵ˼Ҳ뵽ǳǶ仨棬§סѩʵѩӣʶǶ仨£ƽҲһСˡ
Ĳ˼§ţѩȴɪɪ˺ðΣ죬ѵ³֣ǡ
˵꣬ѩǼ
Ҳһ
˽ͭϵǶ仨˾£˽˶ΪҲޱȵû뵽Ȼôһֲ֡
øһ㣬ѩ֮Ծ̣²ֻΪֲֻֿ֪仨棬ǴĳЩ˵ʲôңĳЩ±ȼһжҪ¡
Ĳ˼üͷ壬̲סʵʲôǵô£
ֻʱѩǳҲܲȶĲ˼Ȼˣ漴ַԸӣ취ҸطѻѩӺúõϢһ£˵
Ȼ֪飬Ĳ˼ôһ˵ټѩڵӣһʱ֮Ҳ˵˸ϽͷȥЩ棬һЩѾľ壬ڸ̨˸ĵطܿһѻ
һ·ѩϡ
Ĳ˼һֱ§ѩŬѩܹ
һﵹãһѱϣҪŪЩտĲ˼ȴֹӣЩľ壬¶붼һЩ벻ĶñʳѬò֪˶
ӲɵúЦĲ˼磬˵Ҳ̫Сˣû˵ЩľʲôԾأֻ룬ӵЦվû˵ڣΪǰ֮ġ
ڡħǡʱԼͰѺо綾ľͨ𣬲㴳»ԣǽһЩĺá


740 ˫񹭣1
΢˵ˮֳ˵㶫ѩƽ
Ĳ˼ôµʱѩĬ˺һ󣬲Ĳ˼˽
ֻ⻨Ͼֻֻ֪ڻȪһΪֻڤ;ӱߡ˰Ľ֮ԭѪһѤʺ죬ͨ·лҶڤ֮ΨһĻҲⳤȪ·Ψһķ羰ɫʡ
ҪǣΪʱҶӣҶʱȴҶ֮䣬ʼղԢһ䡣
మˣǧ٣ֻ֮ҲమأԵȴɢԵȴ֡
ѩ˵úҲˣ·俴ԭǳģģ
ץԴǿЦ˵ǡɩӱ飬䣬Ҳҡȥҳģʲôϵ
˵ϵЦݽÿɥ
Դ֪ɣܾɣϼ֮ӾٵŬȡɣԼɣϼϿɣǮڣɣϼǵһλҪ˵ǮǮλÿλñȲϡ
ӵĻ˵˾͵еȽرİãӰǮȺãǮ
෴ѩ˵䣬మˣǧ٣ֻ֮ҲమأԵȴɢԵȴ֡
˵ǾҪĻҶһʼղ
ΪҵģøģԣҪӦ飬ҲֻӦϡ
ֻǣ䵱̫Ķˣ
ӿɥе
֪ģѩ˲ѣ˵Сʱүүȥһүү˵һ򸣴󣬰޽ɣǲһҲǵ
Ĳ˼Ĭ˺ðΣ˵Ҫˣֻô
ѩҡͷ͵͵ĴһʧȥеһС
ΪŪôĶǺǡĻҲţЦЦ˵
ǣҡѩ˿ֿ˿Ĳ˼磺µʧȥǡ
ӿɥ˺һ˵ǸС㣬˵Щ˵ģ԰ɣ˵öԣĻ۲ţٲȫţǲǣҪҲϼҡҾĲˡ
أʹءû˵һС㻹æ㻹ŵң㻹ǸǸүô
ڱĽе磬ôɩȫߣܷʲôǶߣء
ӣ˵ЩʲôĲ˼
ۿӸѩˣΪһͭһŪҪҪģһƲѣĴ˵ӣѩҵıҲˣһжϣʲôģˣҵҪħǼСһһܰô
Ƭ̣ӵǺܿתΪϲǰĶ粻ţȥǸʲôŵҲЩ˵ȥ
ֻѩɫȻ΢һЩȴԵúЩ
Ա㣬˽ͭϵ飬Ҳʱô˹ȥǸӶʧˣҲûţɻҪңο㳡ϣҲкüطûȥҹ
⵹֦ԺʱһӣǸʱȫпܽǰعӵó֮⡣
˵ع䵽ڹҲȥԩԼ˶ѰһطԩӸڹ˵ĿܾСһ֡
ЩԭžѰȥ
һΣĲ˼˶Ӹѩ˷ֿȥңһȻѰҹӵЧʵ˺֦ܶ࣬ļҲС˲٣ʡһע⣬ָʲô۶ӡ
Ĳ˼ѩŬػһµʱΣϲ²һ¼пܵпܵķ
һǵʱչӵֱߣҲǵħķΪϰ֣Ժ֮£ұĶҲпܵġ
һߵͷǸ򣬱Ͼȫ϶µҪֵĻҲпܻ߷ȥ
һпܵĵطҲǰӽε۶ķΪʱԵľ򣬶ңķݣΪܺñȽظɰ뽩ʬκܺǰӳӵĿҲ
Ĳ˼ô²⣬Ҳǵѵ飬ʱϵĿЩɫѩǶ٣Ĳ˼ȻҲʹ಻֮£˶Թ˲Ͼ˭ȥע⵽Ǹء
ѡпܵķĲ˼ҶһһݵȥѰҡ
ұߵķݼûֻҪעⷿһЩĵطͿˣԭѰӦúǿݲǡ
Ϊ߷ĵط࣬ļ˽Ҳͱ൱ãһǰǵ顣
ȻҪĲ˼˼һҲ׼ϣ͵̬ȥ˼ҳԷˮĹưױĽμȵȵȵȣķѵʱȻǲ١
ϵһҶݣ˾㻨˽Сʱ
Ĳ˼硢ѩŬȥѰҲ鿴ĵطһֻⶰ濴˼ҳȥڷ˹ưſڼҵױ̨ϲߡ
ҪĲ˼ȷⶰûвдǸӣӲӲקӳ˳Ҳߡ
Щûأָͷֻһţ
뵽ڶӣӶʱЩ棬ڶ棬ֻһۿȥͷⶰӵˣӦǸϲˡ
ССԺιĶгһϣ֦֦辣֦ĶҲжһͷżͷĸϣȴƬεеĶʮֽӽŴìììǰΣȴ߸ž޴󵹹Ķ
ܣ˵ҲжʮֻЩһⶼǲ豭ϸͭ˱Ƚɣֻһ۾ͻԵķ֣ЩǱ
Щǣⶰһ䷿ݣǽϾȻһŷǳĹ֧
۵Ĳ죬Ļƽһֲ֪Ľ϶ɣ״ȴצŭβҲǹβͷཻγհѣʽ׾η
۵ֲ֪ĽҲͰˣûĽҲֵǣŹĹң
Կȷ⹭ǳϣƫƫǲ֪һʲô֪ʲôƤǽ
֮ϸϸֻаͷϸǵڣɱ۱ýģûаɶļҲû˿ѵĺۼ
Ȳһףƾĸоȴ֪ŹӦǷǳ޴
һ˵ͨĹ۳Խʹ˵ͻԽʡҹ۵ҲԽ
ڱרùΪĳȾʹﵽһװ˾ϣʮļʸԴﵽһ׿⡣


741 ˫񹭣2
ִԸ֮Сͻ󹭣ǾԵˡ
˵ǰŹ沢ûװʲô֣ϹʲôģҲ˵һģܹϴͳǿ
ĽŹȡ˵࣬ŹľʹҲҡ
Щ֣ŹĻƽҲֹɣµԼвֵĽѵûз
֮ʣһ¹ңо۵ǺǿֻҪʹҵȣܹ¡
΢ȣٴЩǳǿһŹôһ
֮£ֳһʸϡ
ⲻ֪Ѽʸڹһֻ̣о쪣ӭԭҰײҰ׵⣬ҲԵð˲٣ȻһƬ֮ԶԶĻǺ
ɵһżʸָһɣʸʱžһڵϡ
ʸңֹҲָԭֲҰף֮ʱʧΣֻ²֪ʲôطļͷѩǣɱĺš
ղ㡭ѩɫЩҰ׵˳
ղоʲôûУĲ˼Ҳһӳʵ
һ˫һƳìȴĸ״Ҫӽȴûע⵽̫Ǻűŵģì͵һ飬ײ˸ƨɶն
ӵ˺üǿסΣǸһףµ磬ղô£Ҷըëˡ
ϸһﻹŹĹݣߵǰһѽŹ˹ȥ
ֻһŹǱһḥ̂ۡĽһŹˤϡ
ôôӴһڵϣԼֻסϵһͷ
ԭľͽŹģû뵽ӽӹ֣Ǳһḥ̂ҵԸĽš
Ĳ˼粻ɵЦЦӣָ֡
ѩҲüͷʵôôϷͷ˰ɡ
סһͷʵǽİģжǲ֪
Ĳ˼Щ棬ӵӣһӦòڸ֣֮£Ĳ˼ǰ΢һŹԣ˵Ĳȷǳأ˵Ҳʮ
ǸոտֻǷǳɵľ΢һ룬Ҳ׹ıԭͺܴ󣬼ȻԸ˵ⷽ£ﶼס
׾ٵŹ飬һ㣬ҲȻոռͬһʱ䶼о󣬹ŵģô¡
üͷҾһ
һĲ˼ʧ˵
漴ѩüͷ˵˵մܶѪɱܶ˵ĵҲһɷѵŹ
һ㣬ѩидģҰɽ׷Щ˵ʱ϶¶һɱϢʹһʱ䣬ѩĲҿ̫
ѵ˵ŹҲɹ
Ĳ˼罫ڵϵ֧ʸ־ʸҲǳأĸоǷǳμ׶ĸ涼һǰխۣͻγɷǳĵ
ǷǽľĲϣ˸Ž˿ľһĹ󣬷ǳʵΪļβëͬһֲ֪ÿһ˿ëǳӲͣͿˮһ㣬ʹҵĽңֻһգۼ䣬ָֻ˽ܹԭ״
Ĳ˼ͷյ棬΢ᣬʱüͷ˵йɹζѪζ
ѩɬɬһЦĲ㣬Ϊ࣬вʲô
Ǡ꣡Ĳ˼ѿ˵
ҲµûĻŹˣɱǳ֮Ġꣿѩɬ˵
ŵһ£æɿסͷ֣⹭ɱ̫Ġ꣬ռ̫˵ЩŹҲӦǺ֮ǣմ̫ǲǳˠı
Ԡ꣬ӿûʲô޿룬ҪϽ֣ʡõʱһЩǻϴĿꡣ
΢΢㵹ĹɵĲһ¹ңҶʱˡһͬ˶Ĥþò
Ĳ˼罫ļʸݵǰЦ˵㲻Ҫһôһ
ѩüҡͷֹǲҪ˰ɡ
һﴮ׺һ԰ɣҸղĸоٺ١
룬һֽӹĲ˼ļʸֱӾϴȥ
ǰԼողŽʸϣͻȻðһ磬Լƻõ죬ԼһҪǲŪʵʣҲᰲ
ֻһողŰѼʸڹϣһͻӭĲ˼˶ֻе״ĴɭɭģЩ
ͬʱָİֱӴ͸˵ĶĤֱģ˲
֮ëȻǿŲҰ׵̫谵˲٣Щζ
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Źһ֮رɫֻ
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˵Ǹӣϳأһ㻹ãЧҲѴۿۣΣջô࣬ʲô˭Ҳ˵壬ҪûһֵļһʱһϠ갡ʲôģָǺã
Ĳ˼ֻһ۾Ϳ˼˵
ѩҲ΢΢ףŹõϵʱ
ֻЩɻ󣺡ⶫɱĠ갡ʲôģ᲻ϡ
ȴЩΪѣһԭԼģŹԼʳһΣ
ѩһЦʲôԭ˵ģӦǲĶȥǮΪĿģֻΪԱ˵Ǿ͵ȡģԭôɣ
Ĳ˼ҲЦЦȰ㲻ǻ˵ĶֻʱûôαҪȥţǼ
һĭһЦݣ˵Ҳǣ磬ôϣˣҵڣǰȫ֮ⶫӵˡ
˵ͷһԻ㲻ֻǽãȷԼԭ򲻻ִ
£Ź˱ϣְǼ֧ʸһһһϡ
˹Ĳ˼ѩŸ˵ⶫ棬ҲûҵǸӣñҪȥҡ
ŵʱСԺһǿĶ֪߳ʲôģЩ˵֣ţΪ֮á
ŵʱǽǿһųȥģŪһ㷢һЩ̵ĽʯĦ
һţĲ˼ȴסˡ
㳡ϣ֪ʲôʱۼͷѩǣһһ飬ˢˢһƬ
ӶĿ˻صԺ棬׼żء
ֻһϸſѩȺ棬ȻĲ˼˵ͷѩǡ


742 
˿̣ͷѩһ˫ĵӣ粻Ŀˡ
óǣЩѩǣˣһּηȴĸоֱӵӵжԣȴǲڡ
ѩԭԣټǰɰ뽩ʬκܺһܣֱӰǸηκܺǣҲԵˣҲҵжԡ
һƬѩǶûн˼ӵĵ׳˼֣Ĳ˼ѩ̽ԴеӣȺĶߺߣñëүңҲԲ
ͷĲ˼˿ڵѩߣһͷСİɫѩǣûжֵ˼͵͵ĺһ漴תͷȥ
ͷѩǺЩķ緶֮ѩǣǰɫĻëģÿȥ֮һĵ·
ȻЩѩǲûе⣬ȴ֪ͷҪʲôԶֻվСԺſڣ䡣
ϣһ̣ͷȻһڵ·Ǹ˹һֱǸϵǰԶĵطŷǸˡ
ţͷǣÿһͷһ·Ƴ˲вѪ۵ˣȫ͵˸ǰ
ǺڹͺӡĲ˼͵͵ľһ
·Ƴ˲Ѫ۵ˣ˶ȥĺڹˡ
ǸڵˣȴǶղκܺǻ𲢹һӣ
˶ҪطȴȺѩǸ˻
֪Ⱥѩǵʲô˼ŲûرȺѩǣߵڹӵǰ
΢ϸһ£ŷ֣˶Щڻ״̬ҪָҪһӡ
Щѩ飬ûֱӳԵʬ޴棬ǰӦҪԼʲô
ֻЩѩҪԼʲôһʱҲ˲ȥϸãȰѺڹܲסĵطһ顣
һ֮£ȻںӵСϷ˰ػŵĹӣ̳ϰǸԵһ
عӣܲŶӰСĿӿݣӦǸӵǰأںأѱ˺ڹˣҲһ飬ȴǲӰ
ȺѩǼںڹѰûгû˼ʹȦӱøЩ
ӼںϰѰع˳ɵôеӣȻӸɵĺ£֪аΣӲʲôط
ҡҡͷڹѩǣӦǾһڲ֮£ûѰСϵعóΪ¾һΪٸѩǲʱʧֶʧ֤˺ӶԼعӷǳ⣬Ҳóá
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ҡҡͷ̫ͬӵĹ۵㣬ԼֱԼֱǣʣµǰعӣǳмĳطֻԼһʱ֮Ҳˡ
ڶ˵˲úعȥΪĹĹߣԼй¶ǣԼһЩ֮⣬ӱϾʧȥԭеãֻҪȥãҲһҪȫ黹
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˵ҩûˣģҲֻЩ򵥵Ĵ
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ԭҵ֮뿪ǳأȥҳ·ȥѰµģһӶԲѵˣֻʱѹȰѺڹŪ˵
ҪȻ˶ֲУһߣ˭
ֻһֱ˳СԺٷʱĻҲȥˡ
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ҲʲΪԼκܺһȥ֮ʲôΣʧñ𡢳֡ǶҪ
⵹ǰЩ٣ٶԱй¶ԼһЩܡ
ӱҪģĲ˼ֹסӣڹ˵ԭǺˣĿģֻΪҪˡ
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εκܹܺöģһŭ֮£κ֪ܺĸطһƿʬƶԸˡ
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һһƴκֱܺӾͷŵ򣬰ֱӶѩǣӽӳǳأҵģҲҲǸڣһڻҰãջǱһȺѩǶϡ
ӺǣԼ֪ѾǾ֮һ̣ӶѾ˷û뵽ȻǼһ
ָֻڹһ𱻴ģ˵ѾˣʲôҲ֪
Щ飬˵Ԥ֮УʹˣҲٲϡ
ֻǹôãСԺǼͷѩȴûһֻɢȥҲ֪ڴʲô⡣
ڹ˶ָжҪҲǲܵģԣڹǰָ;뿪
ߣӵַһǳֵ顣
ЩԭѩǣҪߣСԺǰΧ˸ˮйͨмͷѩǾǰ
ǵЦȺҪүҪүǶסߣöǼ˼
Ĳ˼翴˿ڱϵŹ̲ס˵᲻ŹǲԸȥ
Ƭ̣ŹԼʸŵѩǰʾԼʲôҲߣĶܸÿ˰ɡ
ⲻ֪ͷȻڶͽŹֱ͵ǰȻ̧ͷ
һ̣ͷѩ￴һЩԭӦÿĶ
ڴ
ӦҲ뿴Ķ
ѩܹĹ͸Լʲô£ýֺͷ붼֪ҪԼǶԸ꣡


743 
ֺֺЦ̸棬ҪģûôҪģҶѵʱǣԸܣһʮǲŲʣκǼһвǣãǰɣȥڻң̸棬
Ĳ˼һȴ˵Щ˵ҲˣοЩ겻վҪϵģ硭
ѩüͷȴ˵ҪҲԣܲҪǰŴ·ҵشǣȻǳȥ
Ц˵ô룬޷ǹͨ
ⲻ֪䣬Ĳ˼ȵͷǣһȳһȳߵǰ棬˳
Ĳ˼֣ȥͷѩǵԴûͷѩǾȻһغȻûǣҲԵñȽ׽
ˣö˵ô
£ϵļʸְŹ߾ٹͷʾԼԸһȺѩǽΣ
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Ҳͽֻ߰˼ģ̫󣬾̫أߡ
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ѩǰľ󾪵Щˣקֱۣãžֵĵ˵ǵǵ
ǰѩǣعͷٴο˿ˣȻ˳žһջбб£ãһ۴ϸͭ͵š
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ΪѩϿȵµĵЩʧǣĲ˼չѩ󣬺ò׹ţ˶һƽ̨֮ϡ
ƽ̨֮ϣȻǰ滹е·ߣͷѩȴǰߣֻǶͷϡ
Ӵӡš֮лعɵָѩǴеӣǸ棬һﵹͦѡλãطһ򵱹Ī̫ʺҶˡ
ӵĽ֮УͷѩǾȻǱĵĿһۣ漴˿ȥ
ͷϴһµεƣסͷѩǵǻЩ̾ͬʱҲЩġ
ѩܹѡһ򵱹ĪĵԼԸ꣬Ӧһ漣˵ѩǵǻʵڲ͡
Щĵǣжݣ󣬳زһ鲿λȽĵطǼӲ
ҪԼǸûϣ㹻һս֮Ǹֻʣ°أҲû˿֮
ϴŵŹƵȷСȴֻ߸ʸܹһһͷ꣬˰ͷ꣬Լ񲻾ûм֮
ܺĲ˼оߣһʹã᲻ٴ˺һ뵽ЩıЩˡ
Ȼ䣬عͷȥͷѩǣͷѩǵ˫Ŀ΢գһ״¡
ɵðһԼ̫ѩǣΪѩųǻۣû뵽ǼԵѩҲ˴ɼ顣
طһ򵱹ĪΣվû·
ûκ·һء
һǿĠӵŻǾڣ굹ܹ֣ǼȴضûС
ԼܣҲҧ󰡡
һ뵽һ㣬ʱվȵӣϴ󣬸ϽĴңûбĳ·
·Ĳ˼һ·֣ʱʧɫ
ӡڹԼӵҲɫ䣬ͷȳȵѩǵɹȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ͷѩƺо˵ĵ⣬վӣȻɿĵͷƽ̨һ˳ȥ˵ĺȻűͼа壬ﻹܿóܹ˵ġ
еϵˡ
ô죿Ĳ˼ʵ
׷һ߽Уһ߰ͷѩ׷ȥ
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ʮ׿⣬ƽ̨÷ǳխ㶼Щѣ̸ʩչֽŵĽ
ͷѩǵĴ֮䣬ʧȥӰ
ǰ˲ʮףҲҪﻹǸӣеգڣְҲûˡ
ˣӡĲ˼硢ڹӡӣǼǵվĵطкüףһҲҶˣΨһʧӰʮɵȥ
ˡȵ
ڣֻܿ˻ȥҪȻһРһжˡ
һһߴӣǸ棬һμЩһһүҾ顭Ǹ棬ҰүǴϾ·Ҳһѻյǹѡ
ֻӵ֮УͻȻһͷƤըҹɽĠֹʮͷ֮࣡
һɱĺĽźֱӳϱֻòűĺ⣬е졭ˣȥסͷ
˵ײײصͷȻ֣˵Ҳжʮͷ꣬Ѿ˳Ŷջк£üֻѾš
ŵǼֻǰ棬ֻȼֻɫѩǣǵ߱ӣһֻɫѩǶû
ֻ˵һ£ëˣ˳ǲһɫѩҲˡ
̲סŭһģһȺˣȻмͷˣ
ң֪ڻңɼܣһĶǳֿȭ
ֻʱֻ΢˼䣬Ҳҵ󣬴ӱϳŹȡһ׼ѾһŵĠꡣ


744 
ʱ˲Ǽʶ˫
ѼʸϹһɲǣҵ缤رɫԲ˵ˣԭŵļͷǰѩǣ˲һͣȻһУһֱȵ׻ȥ
ԭ˵ͷѩǣҪõļͷ̧꣬ͷҲ¶η̬֮
ֻΨǼͷŹҵָͷһɣԭļʸͬһ棬֮ѩǡ꣬һȼһһһɲ֮䣬ţ׷״׹ȵ׻
ԭɺѪĹȵ׻֮Уʱһŵ棬ʱ죬ڿձǣȵףΪһƬ𺣣Ƶȼǻľɽʯһպ͵޻һ˲֮ȼ
ʮѸ٣ЩջϵĠֻ꣬ܲһգ֮䣬׷ŻһŻ漴׷״ջ֮ϵȵ׻𺣡
ֱʱĲ˼˲֪֮ж
֮ԭͲǻǵ֮
ӽŵƽ̨ұе硭취Ҫˡ
ոշһǳ˾棬Ҳףֻһܰ
֮УŹǬһţתӣһֳĲ˼磬Լıһţе
漴һץסѩһֽұӾתȼһϳ˹ȥ
ڹӡһһͣĸ
һܣ֮ǿס棬Ϊĺڹӡ˿һ·
һȺ񱼣ֻ˭Ҳûȥע⣬ǰ֪㵽ʲôطȥ˵ͷȳǣϢĸӵƨɺ档
ֻܳԶβϱ㿪ʼŻ漴ȫӣʱһŲסǰܵ档
ֻͷȼѩǣ֪ĿܣȻһ̣һӣںϡ
֮䣬Ҳһһ𣬲ҽţ֮׹𺣡
ӵĲҽǵѾˡˡĺ̲סһɵûعͷȥӣӽֻôһһһ𣬶ʱһ˫Žס֮䣬˺ӵƤ⡣
ӲҽţǰûܼȫҲһһֻյúƤ֨֨죬ϵＡǱŵͣһĴŻֱµʱֻʣһͷȼյã̶ΪһεĻҽ
ӡӵĲҽ֮Ĳ˼ҲûһֻܺˮͷҲһء
ƴȫĲ˼硢ѩڴ𺣣عͷʱڹӡԼѩˣͷ·ϵðŻĲ˼΢õ㣬û⣬һͷҲյý䡣
İ֮£˽ϵĻȫ𣬻ûһһֻüһȦ۰׵۾ŭȥȥЩһѻյҾͲӡ
Ҳ˫Ѫ죬ͷҲǴŹҲͰˣԼΣĠ꣬ȻԼҪһɵ
壬޳֮
ӡȻʲôˣ״ν³ֱκܺǣǸһͷԸġ
䵽³ҲԹ
һǻŭֻϢعͷҪȥյѣȥӸ˱
ֻһ·ͷ·ϲʱһƬ߰ѪѩǵĲ֫ʣȣһ·ϵǡ
Ȼ˴ĿľҲܹõΪܹȫЩѩвĠ꣬ѩǸĴۣҲǿǰҡ
ڹ㳡ǼͷѩǣڣҲѾʣ޼ˡ
ֻһȴҲϲЩթ˵ģѩǣ˵ѩǵŪ׶죬Ĳݡ
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һʱ֮䣬ԣ̲סҪȥͷѩǼ¡
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Ϊ֪ʧأҲҼˣֻһͷѩǰɣ
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Ĳ˼ôһ˵ԭһҪȥյѵӣʱĬ
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ֻʵڲ׵ȥѩǣĸĲ˼˺һžȻͷѩԼ˳ȥģβȴԼҵЩ£ԼͷѩҪʲôԥĻ̾͵ͷȥ棬׶졣
ƫͷѩǺ˼˵˼͵͵ĺһ漴ߵߣͬȮһ㣬ҡҡͷ
һתҪһȦ˵˸ףѩǵĲϣһͷ߬Լλǳ޹
ֻͷѩǵҲȥ˳ͬȮƾӰŪ
⵹ʹĲ˼淢ţһ˵ʵҲ³ΣͷѩǹǰԭҲġ
ˣ㼸ĻޣҪֱյѵͷվǵȥ
ͷѩǴϵֻ֮͵͵ĺһͷǰ·ȥķ򣬾ȻǿϿǱߣߵ·ȻҲǼǰ߹·
ֻһ·ϿɢҵѩǵĲ֫壬ͷѩǲʱһݵĲҺ
һθһѩǸĲش֮ͷѩǴżٴջϡ
ϿĵһѾϨ𣬹ȵһƬѪĵҲһŰĺۼҪ·ͷдһƶԼһɽζ˶һΣӸ˵ġ
ѩûйͣǰţ˶ǿƽ̨֮ϡ
ƽ̨ϢƬ̣ųӣͷѩ߹ĵطƽ̨һȥ
һ·ߵ÷ǳѣüխĵطֻǿվסŸͷѩҲΪ˲ϵǸǣʧȥյ鶯üζֱӵȥ
˸СģѩǺ棬Сʱ䣬ͬһ֧ëʵɽ屳档


745 Ϊ
ɽı棬ͬһƽ̨ǡݵ˿µϢƽ̨棬и׸ߵĶġ
ͷѩƽ̨ϢһΪ˻ָղһ·ĵپ׼һ֮
ҲԲµҪԸ׼һ¡
һõǿֵ࣬ɳĲ٣һڣܶıõֲˣԣڻõǿֵ磬ҲֻһֻңÿһֵֻĵѾԵĲˡ
׼ֵ磬õ˼ֻѣԷһ
׼ĲˣѩҲ˷ԸĴ˽뵽
ԭҲΪ뵽֮󣬱Ȼһþռ䣬ȴû뵽ǣȻֻһĽݶѡ
ݶѣתתۣһֱµɽĵײɽ壬˱ڹȵ׵Ļ֮С
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һȥ۾ͬӿѪ죬龰˾Ķǣ𺳲ѡ
ѩǴżˣڻ֮һ߿·ϣСģȥа
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һΪƤӣҲֻѩǲϵӣСĸѩ
˽ʱڴϿȵһߡ
ȻѩִżϿһͬһջ
ϿȵĶϣվھڶϣعͷȥٿϿȵײһƬԼһͬëʵɽ壬޲̾Ϣһ漴ѩǽ뵽һ֮еĳǳء
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̲סΪǳغԶûҪкڶʱ˱Ѿ뵽ǳ֮С
ӵٴοˣһ˷ܲѣ¼ӿŲٵǳ˹ȥ
ⲻ֪߽һȴǳʮ죬ϸϸıһ£ȴǳؾȻϺڹ˵ǳء
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ͷѩǿ쵽ſʱڵһǰĺһʱ쳹
ָѩǣЦǰȻˣ˭Ҳ֪ǾǲҪҵˣϹˡ
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Ҫ벻һ˾ϲ˵СֵǣСֵܡСǡôҵġ
⻰ˣȻ
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е졭򿪳š
һ¸Ŵ򿪣Ȼӳ˳嵽ǰ˸ܱ
˺һ˽ǣһ߻һ߾ʵСôץͷѩǣǺǣ˲Ǽθѩǽ֣඼Ǻ޽һǺǡȻһͷ
ЦЦ˵ͷѩԸġ
һһ߰ԼһʱľԵĸ˵һ飬𣬴ӷֿ֮ô£Уոտͷվźüˣ˵Ҳǳ֣ѵҵ˺Ȫǡ
̾һ˵죬ۿһǰʧȴ޲ߡ
ļ֮£׼صǿʯĵطȥκܺǵǸⲻ֪дɣұûãȻһ˹Ķڣ˶֮ȴ֪ϾȻû֮
ںڹ¡˵ĶһȺʧ㣬û˹ȥ֮ȴ˶һƬɳ֮С
ƬɳҲӦԼһ˵һƬɳ
Ȼ˵ʱȴԶԶؿɳмЩζĹҲ߶ʮһֱŵƻ׷ᣬһҹĹŴϣ˾Ȼֵ磬ֶַָĽӡ˵Ľӡ
ǲ²ǰЩӦþˣǣһ·׷
ڽ뵽ʯ֮ûʲôͨʯ֮󣬱㷢ֵ
ͬ˵㼣ԭҪ׷ģֻû뵽ϺȪǡ
ң˵ļҲĻָȪˣǸ˲ѡ
̾һԭģһʮ£ڣڻһʯĵطȪʮһˣֻʣˡ
Ҳ̾һһͬˣκܺȫˣÿһ˵³Ǽңطʵڲ˸ĵط
ֻҡҡͷ˵ˣԭĿģҪܹӻ˥ϵĻڸ֡ȪЪϢһ֮󣬾ȥǻ
һһǣͷѩǣһߺʵشҪҵĻ᲻ǵ
һ㶣תͷʵʲô
ӱȻ˵ʵ֣ҲСôеģǡһ˿˿ģǴÿһƬĵײģУûҶӣһͺͺĻ
ǻ껹ǻǻѪģͻȻ伱еʵǼʲôطʲôط
Ǳߡӻعͷָָʱķ˵·̣һϿȣϿȵײ
Ĳ˼硢ѩһҪҵľǵɵһüͷ
ͷѩǺҲһѣȻתͷ¶һĨ֮⡣
ֻ˵䣬ָһһӵıδӭ
ּˣɵüЦҲʮȵʳʶ˺һ
ӵıδ󺺣Ҳڳͷ˵ˣǺȪǳֺĸ˼ˣ˵رƳ磬Ȫһдд衣
ֻǺȪǣŵͷѩǣȴƣҪǿӵ˵ķϣԼͷѩʱûֳ⣬ֻºȪ̾Ҫõǹ
ӸȪһ󣬺ȪſĽͷѩǺԹȥ
һ֮½½ˣͣʮ꣬Ҳĸ߰㶼׳뺷Ľн־꣬һѩԲʵĽΣ˵۾ͣ๾ֱתСƽͷƽ


746 Ǯķ
˶Ǹʮ£ûǵ£ֻǵֵܣʹÿ˶ԺҲ԰
˵УεĻȽ϶࣬Ҳرϲ԰ڣӲԸ񣬲˭仰֮󣬾ȵòˣݽһĳ٩ɽ
˳˵פأһ߷Ըˮʲôģһϸѯ˵顣
ֻ˶Եڶ£ԣϸʱȼһ֮⣬òȰ𣬵ĲӦ˼ĶòҪȥ
ֻüͷ˵ΪԼѾ룬ܴЩ걾ȥζԵЩѩǣ꣬ȥֵܣ
˾㶼ǶԵηЫҲЩĬȻ
Ͼ˵ǲĶοǰѵԼоԱǸˣܹƤӵʧҲ˵Ĺա
һƲ֣漴ȥҳֵ
ԴӼ֮󣬾һֱѩ˵ʵӼһѩѾµǳģһƲһȥȥȡ
ѩһֱĵģ˸ԼǸ˵ĻʵĵģҲ£ֱڣѩҲ벻һȫķӡ
ժǾŹߣʹҲһȥһ˵ġ
ѩһ䣺ǲ
ѩôһ˵Ĳ˼˾ĬȻ
һƲ֣ôȥժ
Թ֮˿ʼʰװЦȥǲҪʼȥȥĻѩǴ·Ӧúɵġ
֮Ǽװһ棬ȥĻȻòôϸ
ɬЦЦӣֻǰҵҵļλֵܣ飬Ѿǵˡ
˵ԸĻӸˣȥϣȴϢ
⻰ѩȥˣһֱѩ¶һ˿Ц⣬ֻתͷʱȴһĬűѩɫһɷ
Ĳ˼ûж˵ʲôֻĬĬĸһŸ֮ҪôĲ˼ֻ棬Բȥֹ
ѩһߣ˵ش˵ˣòȥæǻǰش˵ģҵ·ȥô
ҡҡͷ̾˿˵ѩѾˣЩˣش磬ǶӦ㶮ҵ˼
ѩһ˳˵ҪȻǾǣôĺú¡
ҡҡͷǿЦҪȥ̽·
˵꣬ѩӦҵģҪ飬£ҾҪԶȥ
΢΢һ漴Цô򵥣ˣãҴӦ㣬ȥǡ
˵ţЦеתˡ
Ӧˬ죬ѩһ漴ứø
Ӧôˬ죬ԵľڷѩˣԼǿԲȥҲ԰ȥ
ѩһ飬һģ̲סȻ
ʱӣӳѩǰѩЦҸ˵ˣȥ̽·һ·϶Ҫñǡ
һ£ŭſң㵱ʲôˣǸүǶʲôʱΣǰֵܡҪһߣҪһ
ǿЦ˭˵Ҫˣ˵ǽôˣȥ̽·ôô𣿡
ӴѳָŭģѵŪȥǮǿǮķвУһ˳Զʳô
Ȼ֪ӲǿǮķϣô˵Լһȥ
Ҳŭӣ㻹ǲֵܣС뿪ߵңҵĻ㲻ǰɣ
Ƴһۣе̸ֵܡ֣ӵֵǲ¶ҵġ
ѩǿֹסᣬһ˵ӣ˵ûȥȷֵܹǮǮҲҪȥ
˵
һȻǰǰһסѩļͷƳһȴЦŸѩ˵ɩӣ˵öԣûļһǮȥ
ѩżͷȴֻЩľȻıţͷѾʼһȥ
˹Ӱ̲סŽţЩҵĴеȥ

ǵʱסˣصĶ˵СֵܣֻȥǼֵһȫ޹أǻǲҪ˰ɡ
Цһ£ȰشͷشһʹƲңȻ̫ôңҲ˵ЩȰشͷĻ
㲻ȥǻֵܰ˵
ɿЦ˵ش磬֮ԲȰ㣬ǲνĥ
ҲҡͷЦһ£ֻòٶ˵
ͷѩǼһҪٻȥժʱ죬¶һĨ׹⣬˻
һۣתͷԸӣӣɡ
Ӳϣ˵˵ǳǽ鷳ܲܲɵ·ͷѩأԺզ죿
̾һȰֻһͷǣʶ˲һܹల£ҵشǣѾǶİˣϴȥҳ·ôܹǿȵˣ
һ󣬵ͷĶ
⿪ףſͷѩǡ
ͷѩǵѣʱӣͷҲص뿪˶ȥ
ѩǣ̾Ϣһ
ȪͷѩǷߣ̲סЩŭһֱȪ˸ꡢѩѪսʧȥЩֵܣһҲȺʬ޴棬˵Ȩ˸ѩ֮䣬Ų֮ޡ
ǰǣѩǣ˵ѩϹϵһȺ˵ĳ·ҲͰˣʱͷѩǸȪʱɱĴ̽ǹ˳
ֻһ֣ȪǹͷѹȥȰȥɣȺѩǵҲʣˣһ
ô˵ȴ֪ƾźȪͨǹҪͷѩأδػô򵥡
ȻԸͷѩǣֺȥ϶ء
ҲЦʺȪ˵Ȫڿ˵ѩѪս֪Ȫ˿ٰɫѩǡ
ôһ˵Ȫ˾㶼һϸϸһ󣬲˵ѪսεģɫëƤѩǣɫѩǣԼһ˴ģǼΪе飬ڼУû˴һͷɫѩǡ
ɵЦЦɫѩˣҲԼǴڡħǡйһΣҶǺܶ࣬һҪһͷûôװɡ


747 Ů1
߼û뵽ڹҲǴ粽ĸ
ںڹϣֻĸߺڹȻڹھ͵ͬ۹ãǧʲôͷʲôС֡ȪЩˣ಻ðɳӵģ
ѻôףڹҲЩмڹʲôݣӣǣԭһ·ˣ
νͬ۹ãȻûȥƽϺڹݣúڹͷСڹԼҲʡãҪõһ𣬱ȥʲôСʲôͷ˭ݵ㣡
һ˵˵ЦЦ˳ǳأֱڵϿȡ
ʱѩ˲ѣӡεһ˵˵ЦЦģǰ·
˸ӣĲ˼ĸѩΪЩַǸйأҪעһѩĶ򣬶ȥĹѩ
ٺһЦ˵ȥע㲻
Ĳ˼һ̧֣һǲǣжգֲǲܲȥչһ
˺һĲ˼ʵѩ֮䣬ϵ岻ףϡͿģﲻһ
һӿ˵ʲô岻ϡͿҸ֮飬ֲǲѾϴʾܾģҲ֪ģ˼Ҳľݣʲô취
˭ˣôĲ˼û˵
ֻĲ˼漴˵ϲһˣʵǺһ飬Ҿ;ðɣ飬ðԼλ׼ԼҲѩ
λ׼Цһ£˵һʲôλãҵλ
Ĳ˼硰ԳԡЦһ˵λãȻˣҵãһӣٵģ֪ѣλã˵ҲͲࡣ
ƤЦЦЦ֪Ǻǡ
Ĳ˼Цţһ·ϸϹ٩Ҳ죬ʱ֮һ·̡
ֻǰûãǰ·Ӹѩ˱ͣһֻعͷ
һѩϾɻ֮ɫЦû·ˣ
ѩ˶һۣ˺һӲ˵ˣҼǵøող߹·ôûأ̫ˡ
ε˺ֵЦ˵£Ͷ࣬һ߹·ûˣʲô֣Ҿˡ
һΧĻҲȫˣһҲûǰʱľ
һô죿
̾һ˵ǲںʱ䣬ԭ·˻ȥǲ߲ˡ
ֻ΢һȴ˵ߵķûǰһ·ӦҲߣҪȻֻϷ򣬲·Σ
ʳֵˣֵ˶ĽȻʲô飬˵ߵ֮·̣ٲںʱ䣬Ҳи⣬Ȼɭ棬˭Ҳ֪ʲôܳԲܳԣʱ䣬⣬վǲ
ԣ֡ȪҲ˵ֻҪû˾ֿһ·ο˶࣬·Ҳʲô¡
Ѷָ־˱˿һ·նǰ·
Ϊֿ·һ·ϵıǲϣķĿⷽλһ˷ֱߣȥƵ·ߣһнٶҲ͸Щ
ֻһ֮ľϡЩľҲسù
һƬȻǱոչιľȫͷңſڵţ󲿷ֵڣҲֻм׸ߣɣ˵Ҳжʮ׳ģ˺ϱϸ
˹ĵطĲ˼˾Ǵûģһʱ֮䣬е˼Ⱥ֣־ùޱȡ
ʲôȻЩȻģģ
ֻû߶ԶһȻӴô¡
˳ӿȥЩǱӵеˣˡ
ʵӣʲô
ίĽе磬治Ҹ㿴Լ
һ·ÿһ˶ֻעȥбᵹЩԼ
ôһ˵ȾȵĽгˣȻ
ףôġе
תͷȥ𣬹ȻӶбģңЩĽǶʮֱ֮վȣ˵Ҳʮ嵽ʮȵбȣңбȣЩһ
ת壬бʼղ䣬𱳳ڷߣҲб
ֻǳǣȴҲо۾濴ģȴʵʵڵĲ졣
ĵطҲǲһʱ֮䣬úȤΣѩ˲ɵһת壬һЦ
վֱ壬Ī˵ҾҪվֱû뵽û뵽ҵ
˵úЦҲ˲ҪԣԼԼվֱʲôĸо
ⲻ֪𱳶ڵķ򣬸ոտԼվֱˣȴȻ硱һڵϡ
˸ովֱӣһӲſȥǲȥȵĳ֡ȪˣҲԼˤԼһ⡣
龰Ĳ˼Ҳ̲סڵϣ񡱵Ц
һЩģͽһ㵹ŵĴҪ߶ľһߵȥ
ⲻ֪㵹ĲҪƽеĴӸոսһֻŽŲȵȥȴžડһ˸ƨɶն
·㵹ģŵģ
ٴˤһӣǲһè˫ץɣȥ
һΣȥȴЩſֱŵһֽ΢еи˻᲻󻬶
һΣɵôе桭棬һعĸܡ
һȺ˵УҲӸСȻҲҪһ㣬ȥһ˵عĸܡ
ƾֽϵٿȻҲоһ㣬ȴɵöˣʱһźϱֵĴϣ֦ϣЦӡ
˵Ц˼䣬һתͷȴڷ򣬲Զ֮ӳһʵĺ⡣
ֻǱӳ巢ĵʲô
һϽͷһΣǿվ˼ߣ͸ۣϸȥ
ϧǣֻܿһƬϢҲǺɫģΪŨ񣬵͸۵ľ룬ȴԶԶﲻΪ̫Զ͸޷͸еڡ
Զ͸˵ˣһȥ۾ҶʲôҲ
һɵýұ߷쳣شҪҪ
ԭˣļˣһ˵쳣һ漴ʼɿ
֮󣬶һĨ⣬ȴû˿巢ʲôһǺ治ѣſ


748 Ů2
²˵᲻һֱҵĵʵҲС
ȴҡҡͷ˵ĺɫźⲢһĺɫǼֱѪһĨ⣬ȴԵ࣬һҪ˵ĻڿĨӦǻ졣
²һ˵ȻҶĨⶼȤһȥ˵û׼ЩջҲ˵һ
Ȼô˵ˣֵȻӦкãϾһĨ֮㲻̫Զ˵ˣرȷ΢ƫԭƻ·ߣҲֻ
ο˶ǵϿȣ̿խƣֻҪȷӦǲںƫ·ġ
һҲȥƽϴбվֱȵľ󣬼һѷ˳ŵĴֱֱıһĨ֮
֮ǰһ˿ĵطȷ㲻ɢ̫Զ·ֻ΢ЪϢһΣضǰĺԽԽŨѾ˵ͷ
һĵطһǳһ
ǰһռؼ㣬ͬһĽԺǽߴ̨ͤ¥󣬴£ӡ̵ǣм仹һ㲻̫ߵı
νĺ⣬ֻЩı棬Ұ׵չⷢġ
ı棬֪ʹʲôϣǱˣݶǽڣҰ׵䣬һ͸ĺ⣬ͬһ޴ĺ觡
Ȿ㹻Ŀˡ
˸оǣǽڵ֮еģӾϣǸоϣȻûܹһĽаб
һҲӾиоҲûǰ㵹
ƺȫܴ󻷾Ӱ졣
ȻһȺԴӽ棬Ϲʵ㲻һҲóƶϣһȺ˻Ǿ治ѡ
һȺĵطӦ棬ԵҲǸԺǽһȺҲ˲ȥԺǽ۴αȷ¥ıԺǽϹĥҪŪַ˹ĺĶʲôϻǽϱˡ
ֻǻûܵóۣһȥҪȥ
ҲֹȻˣֻŪһɣ϶ǲ˸ģֻȥýȥһۡ
Ƶ棬ֻͥȺصŽղŵߣͷ룬İɫʯޣһʱ֮סһȺ˵ע
ʯ޵񹤼Ǿ뷢צ̬ű塣
Źʯޣ˵һֽޡ
ѩȴ̲סҡҡͷԹŶʶĶ֮࣬Σ֪ܲ
˵ˣĴ˵ҲǼһ
˵йŴ񻰴˵еһޣͷţ״ʨӣëɫҰף죬òƽ󸣬ۣ룬ȡ֮ţƨɣкĵھŸӣƼ꿪磬ഫбаɷլ֮ӣͨһʤǧа˷ƣɾ۱ֻͨ졣
һ߿һЦŪ˵˵һʴ۾磬磬֪£Ҫ丸ͬȥ簮ֻôӦǰȥΪʳǽ鱦ȻҲǼ޵ܵȱͷˣʴĳ谮
֮ϣʳ֮вͬԼȥѰʳѰڹý鱦Ը⣬иãشС㣬Զܻӣ̲סر磬ʴˣһƴȥƨɣƨ۾ͱӴˣ˼䣬鱦ֻܽܳʴ֮ͱΪвƽˡ
ЦЦ˵ʵ˵ежʮͣʮŸΪעģ˳̿Ըı䣬һ˳ʢ˹ƽƵףԸ
֪˼䣬ʵΪ۱ǻר֮ͨڷſڣ鷿⣬һԱʹã»͸»֮⣬רʳޣа飬а
˵Ĳ˼ҲЦ˵ҿһϣ˵峯һ̰ٺۡҹʽҲΪʵ۶֮谮²δԻʹеͺͫ|УҲΪӻͫ|һֱ˺ͨΪŴ׸Ǯ֮࣬ʤʹ
һôһ˵Ͻæ˵ʯϣֲֲһߴе˵Ķģһ˳ʢ˹ƽƣôûСġ塯ġ
Ĳ˼翩Цһ»ٶռȫˣ㻹Ҫʲôõô
ϲ˺һ뿪Ц˵õʲôã»ٺ滹иϲأҪĸռȫˣǻһ
ѩһȴ˵֪һ˵˵һԶٶǰظԭһ꽪ʱһо;żһֻʱȴʶͷǷ뷽跨շԼ
ȴ˵԰Ĳ˵Ĳ¹沿ţβ¿忴ȥȴ¹¹ţţ¿¿ʻĲ
ؼһ㣬ĲҹжҲèϡеĶĲֳ¹ڳǳ⣬ڹŴΪޣҹ˵еܸ˴»ޣ
˵б۵ģһӽĲ˼ѩ˶Ǻסˡ
һΣЦǶƴŸߴ룬һﵹãһڣƴİʹקĵĽһͷˮǰɣ
Ρٺ١ĸЦ˼Ĵ˵ģɶʵеĶǻС»ô
ʶࡣЦ˵ҪֶĻҿɵҪˡ
ε˾ǺٺٵĸЦ㲻˵
ӸֵܣҲǹϵǳټֻд˻죬εҲ͸ӵԸ˻ˣ˵ûûСεȻҲȥƽϡ
һȺ˾ſڣ״Цһ漴̨̤ףߵǰ
ţޱȣͬŨĺ⡣
Ӹǰȥš
ֻһƵġ֮漴¶һ߿ķ϶
һŨĺ⣬ʱŷкһһ֡
ŷ濴ȥֻ滨ľ̨ͤ¥һµţӺݻ˵ֻһȺ˶⽨ߴмһϰߵΪ
ڿ˵˵һӡ
θſ΢һ漴ŷ漷˽ȥ
һʮƽĻ̳̳滨ݣһں֮С
ǼвĻϵĻŭţÿһ䶼纣룬״ĵֻǻıɫҲ⽨һ㣬ǻһĺɫ
ϧǣĻݻޱȣȴûŵõһ˿Ϣ
ݣȲȥϸЩ֮Уǲ˵ֵ


749 Ů3
Ĳ˼ѩһһ·͸ָв滨ݣǼһȴȲܽ
ֻһ㱧Դ˳
ԭȻͻĲ˼һһĶֱ˹ȥ
һѳסӣʵӣϹЩʲô
ָ﷢ơ֮ȴ˵
һӣ֪Ǳˣקӽ
ֻһҲһ
֮Уƣ֮УһݣһЦ⣬أӺݻŮȻŴЩˡ
ҲסĽһ漴˵ãǡ
˵ô֣͸оһ󷢸ɣҲ˵ȥˡ
ŮüΪ죬΢Ѱ˼㷢ŮȻ¥ʮŸŮһģһ
֮ɣҲ˵ȥ˶Ȼ֮ˡ֮⣬һַ⡰ˡȻǰŮӣһĥˡ֮ͨˣ
ԣЩʧ΢Ƭ̣ĿǸŮӡ
ϸ֮£ŷ֣Ůӣȷ֮ͨˣֻһ
׼ȷ˵һƽĲʣ񣬹ֲȻ俴ϴŵЩԵùֵֹġ
˵ֻһĳקǰϸһ߿סġ̾񱤵ʱǼˣ￴ôô񷨣ô棿ôôƯǽ񡭡
˵ţӻȥ϶һѣһѡ
ŭӣצÿص˼ҿһŮӡ
Ĳ˼ѩˣҲǲסһ
ӡٺ١Ц磬ϴɩӣǿֲˣҪ˵ĻȻһܣҲֻһѣȻǶǾνزأӵ˼룬û
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𶯡е
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һ˲䣬ɫ䣬ŭӡ
ӻعͷǿ鶯ǣƿ޷ǿЦЦĿе硭Ҵˡ
˵⼸֣ͻȻһԴͷܣ֮͵ſڡ
Ӵأ֪̾ǲ˵ˣֻһ˲ץĲ˼磬ȥץԶѩҪһץţȴȫĵط˵
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һָֻոմѩָ⣬ѩţ׹ȥ
ԭһڵĴ󶴣ֻһ˲䣬ֺ£ǵ棬Ҳ
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˫ַɿ죬סٶ棬Ĳ˼Ҳһ߽ѩһ߹ߣȥǵ档
ʱڵٳһĿӶǣȴа쳣
Ĳ˼˲ûһֻͷе磬ϴ󡭡û°ɡɩôˡ
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˵ţתͷȵֵǣ׼һ£
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ӡĲ˼ϸ˺һ󣬴ӿǿͭƿʼֱѩǴϿȵµĻǵһģȷû˵ְƬ
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750 Ѩ
ɫҲΪѩʧ٣ԭļƻ
οļѣȻҲ˲ȥͻȻҪҵĻԭ
ֻĲ˼Լˣ֪ޱȣдпӭһ֮ԣ˵ҪҵĻӽӹϣȥ¿ء
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һǣȵǰһôһ顭
һҪô˵棬һŮһǲǡ
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Ȼ֪ڹΪȴЩ棬һ½󣬾ֹ죿
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ָָǱߵǸȻŵ˵ֲ̫ˣǱиǴǱ߷ģǳ·Ǳߡ
Ȼ꣬óһӣĲ˼æѩԼıϣȻѩԼıϡ
ʱƳϾԼ˭չѩġ
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ڣԾǳˣǣǧƽ׵ıȻһ׵Բεؿӡ


751 1
ҪԽؿӣԭͼޱȣƫƫ⴦ĶϣӿӰ˵Ҳаʮ
ЩطĿӰԾͨ𴦵ĶڣӰ棬ȴһͷ⼸ͷߵĠꡣ
˲ǣڣֱܱЩӶЩϵıԵڻࡣ
ڶڣͷ꣬ǲŸոѹģڶڶȥӣʱһҹһĽ
Ĳ˼ô죿
Ųߣ϶ΣֻԽԽģҪȥûͷոѹĠҲ˵ƫƫͷǱߡ
ӵǵֲֹЩһﲻӾֻ⣬ԭһֱǱŵġ
ָȪȴ˵ͷôǸⶫҲ֣ȻǶӲҲû㣬ֻҪһϣܹ׵İǡ
ȴüͷ˵·ǳȥˣҪؿӣѵúܣ˵ˣǿ
˵ţָָĳֵ˵ǿ
ӵ˳ָ뿴˹ȥֻüֱӽĵطϵı飬ǳѸٵڻ
һͷ棬ϵıԭڻò˵Ġ꣬Ѿڿʼвһ̣һͷ꣬ҲڶäĿĴתͷһȫѹ
Ҳлм棬ϵı鶼ڻһ룬ʵڲֹۡ
üͷ˰ΣתͷԳָȪʵ硢磬ǴһˣҪӶаôҪá
ָȪ˾һ漴˵⴦Ӷֻ̫ûǹҪһ˹ȥĻܹʱϡ
ǵ֣Ĳ˼ѩֻ߲ͣ⴦ؿӣ˵Ҳʮ׿խóͽȥҲúüӣ⻹ڲõĴ㡣
һˠ꣬ԠԼе˶нҵϣ
ԣʳֵûаգҪòܹȥֵ˾㶼Щԥö϶Ļش
Ĳ˼絹ʵȹȥ
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˵գץӣԺһȻȫۼϣ漴ͬҵļһ˳ȥ
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ԣȪֻһۣǺڵԼҪȥд衱Լǵ£ܹķۡ
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ӸĲ˼ˣһ͵ͽߡ
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⵹Ǳ߳ˠ꣬һ֦̼ͷɱĠ껯һ
ҪطȻҲûжΣƫƫڱ֮ڣŵĠ꣬һڻ̻ѹı֮ڡ
һӶһλʲôﻹõŶ˵ԣĲ˼˲֮ڣ̴УСġ
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һʱ֮䣬棬ǻܣŠı飬ڻøӿ
ƫƫһ̣ˣֻӡ֡ˡ
ؿӵľ벻ԭҲҪչˣֻڵƣΣѣָԣʵǳִġ


752 2
ƫˣɲּߣֵһҲ뿪ԣҲǵһġ
ֻڴ汻סĠһһţҲ𣬾ҪҲˡ
ӵһӶԵ̴ȵȥ
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ڶǺȪɻԵѩĲ˼ˣһ룬ؿӶϱѾпڿʼӣĲ˼硢Ȫ˲ס˻ƺڴ֮ĵһζ͡
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ֻǺȪϱŻԲѵѩĲ˼ȻҲǷǰվ벻ͽٿ죬ܿȥ
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ȵĲ˼Ȫѩ˸ովĵطûӣʮͷ꣬ѾʼŶڳ˹
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Ѿվ𡢳֡ȪӡĲ˼ҲǴС
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С㻹лᣬ
磬

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Ġ겻סķУȴԽһ׷ϳ
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˵ıѩ飬һ˲֮ͽʯĿռס
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Ȼ֪ıѩţȴڱѩ£ӲŪԲü׵һ󶴳ȴʼûҵεӰ
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ڱѩĴ棬ĬȻãǿűѩ˵ȻʼͶ
ڱѩɣ־ʯ赲ѡ˳žʯббڣʱڿһͨ
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Ӳϰ߼˵ĳƣһ߰ѩ·һûһ磬˵Щ꣬ҲǹˣȻԼڱ棬֡
Ĵʲô֣ط棬ҪʳѩǣûôĠ갡ΪǿѩǲҪһжٳԵģԣҹŠҲЩһᶬߣߣҲȱݣҪжҲ˵һء
ӺٺٵЦ磬Ʋɣô֪Ƕ߶
Ĳ˼ں˵ô򵥵飬õƲôһʱ棬٠ּ꣬ѩǣʮʮͷֻ꣬ѩǣ¾ʮʮͷ꣬Ҳʱ̼ͷһµ󶼻Ϊ
ȪȴЩţ̲ס廰˵ǸѩǶйν֣ݹ۠ѩǣѩǻթýݣľԣĿ飬ȴײгԣǿ֮ѩǾԹܵ˵ֶ̣ƾУӦҲϳ̡


753 ֮
˰ҡҡͷڿ˵ȻдȻз򣬴дĹɣʹǿޱȵĠ꣬ȻҲǾС˵ûʳ﷽֮⣬еȱݣʹǺѩܹͬʱ档
ֵǲ⣬ʵش磬ȥ֮ô
΢΢̾Ϣһ˵ȥ
üͷʵش磬Ҫҵǻ顭
ҡҡͷˣˣʮֵܣھʣ³ָȪˣ˵ˣСҲȥҡ
ĬһͻȻ뵽һ£ʵش磬мҺǺ棬֪ʲʣ
˵˵
ʵҲûʲôǺڹ飬Щѣʵ
һڹ飬ɫȻĳȥã˵ڹ飬ʵҲһ̣֪ģ
˵ڹ飬ţ˵һ¡
ܶǰʱڵǡǱֵһı߾ϣʱᣬĹҲӣʱС
һ죬ˣһﾳĲӣ׼Խʱǹ澯ⲻ֪һﲻҲȫװֻһˣ׼º֡
һˣʮȫװĲӣֻսˣϣͼٻսѹæ
ⲻ֪죬սѴ󲿷ֶȥѲˣһսѡ
ʱսѻֻһո±ʮӿսɵ⣬ûг֧Ԯ𣬻ǹԼһ˶
һ˿ս֮£ΪϸˣӵҲˣڱһﲻץסʮҵ˶ǸսѣҲ
ץסǸս֮ǰﲻӱǰ·ϣսȴӵŹ򣬴ӦǴ·
֪һﲻӣʵһװĹߣĿĵؾڼƬ
ֻǵʱΪܹսѣǻװĹӦʣһĹߡ
ȻҵᣬӲʮװĹսѸ˳
ֻǵʱΣΪѷֿУ˺ص֮еսѣǰȥǰװĹߣԼӪλսѡ
ҵλսѵʱȴλսٴθһװĹһ𣬶ң𻹼ǵõʱΡ
λսѣһ½ȥõ
ֻǲ֪λսǳԸǱȵģʱΣʮ̡
˫սһ߸ԶвСλսѣȴӴʧˣֱ֧ԮĴ󲿶ӣһװӳ׽Ҳûҵλսѡ
ٺϱʱ򣬰λսѵһЩסˣֻ˵λսѷǳӢ£ʧ٣ڸװĹ߽ʱ򣬵˱
ԺҲûλսѣǺֵʱڹ½סһĻʱһ¡
ƺڹҲǵһ̣ϳǸҪǻװĹȥǸСԱ
ԣڹǷġ
˵˵ԭֻһӦڶ£ߺߣҵվ͸ֱӱ
˵飬ֻŭڸ粻ɸ֣ʲôɣҪȥгݵӵĹߡ
̾һȥˡ
ӵǺٺٵЦ˵ش磬ô˵ǰҲˡ
⻰һڣɫһͣúЩѿ
ɫһ漴Ӻȵӣ˵˵ʲô
û꣬ȴĲ˼ҲһƬãȻҲƺһֱڶԼʲô
ȪһЦ˵ʵǲ֪ɣشǳԡ
ȵȪס죡˵ľԲ˵ô
Ȫ漴ǺǵĸЦ˵
ǳȪתͷǿЦСֵܣÿ˶һЩ˵أСУҶУһ㣬Ҷûа⣬Ҳһֱǰ㵱ҵֵܵģ
ãЦԲش磬һ飬˵Ĳ˵ģʵĲʵģ˵˵һǺǣش粻Ҫֲǡ
𵭵һЦҲ˵ȥˡ
֮Եĸе֮գЩӲԭһĹϵȴһЩơ
ʱǰ濪·ĳ֣תͷЦ˵ش硭Ѿˡ
Ӧһתͷ˿ˣǿЦЦ˵߰ɡ
ӵͷ˻Բѵѩ˳ųڻѩ֮ڳһ·ǰߣѩ𽥵ͰѩɵĻѩΧ
ֻǼ˸ոս̤ʵصѩΧȴԶԶؿɽ֮УͷɫѩǣżˣĵӣŹһ졣
һͷѩǣ̽е磬㿴Ǽһ
һ۾ͿͷѩǣǱӷߵͷѩǣԼҲ˳
ϵͷѩϵϢһȴΪϲͷѩǴʱĽеϵá
ͷѩǼˣֻùһɨ˼һۣµĵתӣĳɽһȥ
ԭ֪ڸҪôߵˣ໥һۣһͷ˵ϡ
ǸӡĲ˼˵ģǷԸȪˡ
ˠѺѩҴ߸ˣʱԶԶظͷѩ˳ɽǰߡ
һһ·׷ѩǣһߴѩǣȴһףʲôѩǲԼһ˲ֱӾʮͷѩǣΪˠ꣬ˠѣΪѩǷܺ²๦ѫѩȴǶ𱨵ȵȺѩǵϻ⡣
ֻͷѩǸȥӵĺԹǰš
мЪϢһΣԷʱڣȴóţȥջͷѩǣҪٴνץ
ֻͷѩǻ쳣ţճԲȴʼղӿпѩǲܿǳʾ
˺ð죬ʼ޷ֻ֣һɣָԶԶݿѩЦûĶбɶԡ
߸ѩڣߣĲ˼˸ѩιЩˮʱѩ΢΢۾
ֻѩһԼţָ̧һǶ⣬ŭȵå㣬ôˡ
ѩܲϽʵʵıѩһǣȴѩŭǳ⣬ɵһʧеѩ㡭
֮ѩŴĻѿȥȵ˭ʲôط


754 
ѩ⸱ﻹ֪ѩǷʲô飬һקסѩ˵ѩ㲻ǵˣѩĲ㣬ӣش磬㶼ǵˣ
ѩһ˿ȥ˿ﲻɻǵ⣬˵ǼȻ֪˭Щ˭˭˵ôŪģΪʲôŪ
ѩһʣ𣬳ֵ˾ǳһһ𶼴Ŀѩ
ڵѩθ֡˵ͬһޣҲ˵ѩһЩ䣬ڲ֪䶼ѾʧֻѩڵΪء
ѩɫĺȵһԲϣ̾Ҫһµơ
Ĳ˼ǰ˵ѩӣ˵ԭԮشѵģֻط˲ӣЩ̼һЩشִ綼йԺͻġ
Ҳǰ˵ɩӣˣ㻹˵һ˵ͻʧȥ
еӱ˵ȥ
ڣ׹ǴѩͭƣΪʲôôˣô£ѩ˵֪ԼʧȥҪһУ飬ʹࡣ
ѩһ⣬ô˵һʲô˵Ҳ֪ʲôط
Ĳ˼ٴǰߵѩߣ˵ѩţҸ˵ҴһΪʲô˵֪꣬Ƿʲô¡
˵ţĲ˼ǰԮԼһ·зһУһһʮϸϸĸѩһ顣
һԣҲʱʱһ仰֤Ĳ˼˵ģһжġ
ֻѩԽüͷȴԽͲĲ˼˵һС
ҧãǰĲ˼ӵ΢˿Ȼ˵ѩ㲻һжģҵһ취֤취һ£ҵһȥ
Ĳ˼ӡԼˣȻ֪ܹʲô취̾ѩһжģ֪Ȥ˿
ѩŽɣһ⣬ʵʲô취
ͷȥѩĶ߼΢˵һ仰仰˵꣬ѩϣ̲ơ
ѩһۣٲ˵ת̤ɽһȥ
ѩĳĬ˰Σϵɫ粻˺Ƭ̣̤㼣
ʱɽȱԵһܹȫ赲סĲ˼ӵ˵ߵĴʯѣѩָָʯѺ档
ѩͷ˿Ĳ˼ˣһԥ굽ʯͷѺȥˡ
ʯ棬ҲǿһĲ˼ˣӸĲ˼˸óţɣȥιʳͷѩǣԹԵǱ죬Ÿ굽ʯѺ档
ʱ䣬ִʯѺ˳ң˿ԥҲûУ̾ͻͷĲ˼˻ϡ
̧ͷʵ磬ɩô㶼˵Щʲô
Ĳ˼ȴʵѩ𣿡
ҡҡͷûȥشӣֻǸĲ˼˵Ҳûʮİգ֪һ£ܹȥļ䣬ȴһ¡
Ĳ˼΢΢˵ͷֻҪţа취һļġ
̾һ˵ʲôֻ㶵Ŀͷһõţɣܿѩǡ
һ䣺ССǱô
ֹۡţ
̾һ˵Ҳй飬ȷֹۣ»ҪԺڲż
˵ֻ΢΢˵ͷ
ʱѩֱߵǰ˵ҿһΣҲԸһߣҾ㣬ûȫŪ֮ǰòҪ̫㣡
ӺٺٵЦɩӣ̬ȣٺ٣ô¡
û˵꣬žһ죬ӵϰһǶ⣬ѩ꣬װͰ͵ŭٸǰƤЦ˵˵һ졭
ѩһ࣬ŻѩԾ˵ǡҡ
һû˵ӣܺ죬ñٺ˵˵ˡ
ԩѵĴеǡҲˣϻҡ
һѩ˵һ׽صطڣôߣ
̾һָͷѩ˵Ψһİ취ָܲҵȥĵ·
ѩӱһô˵ϣһͷѩϣǲë
Цһ£һֱôģ֮⣬ʱҲûĺð취
ѩֺһ˵ǾͷѩǣԽ
˵㻹ţʱǼһѩǴ£߳ҵشǼģǡ벻ˡ
ѩŭĿһۣЩӶ죬漴˵Ȼǻڵʲô߰
Ŀѩʧȥ䣬Щ׺סҡͷ̾ϢһкһָȪ
ͷѩӵ֮£һˣƣɽȣһ¶͵£ֻһխ޵ѩǵߵ̹Ȼȴߵüޱȡ
һ·ϣѩЩ˰Լ˼һͷѩϵģʱİ棬ȴѩǴһˣʵ뿪ѩɽ򣬶ң֮󣬵·ҲԽԽƽ̹ѩһǻ⣬ҲΡ
֮һĻֽضһһ·϶ס׷Ǹѩ˵һʲôȻѩˣ浽ʲôܣ
ֻЦЦȴҲϸмܡ
ѩɽ֮һȺֽ뵽деɭ֮УһСӣߡ
һ·ϣ޾գ˱ЪϢ˱Щţɣ˼ΣһγԹ֮Ĳ˼ˣϲķ֣ԭѩǴż˹Ȼ߻ͷ·
Сӣ˴ɳʯͷǳ֮غӶµСӣǸı
ˣӶѩǵ̬ȣҲиı䣬ƽڵһףҲͷѩϡ
ֻͷѩȴǲ̫ӵ飬·ʱ룬ԶʱҲ׽ӸţɣҪôֱţɾԶԶض㿪ҪôǳҪ죬Բӿ
ͷѩȴûԤ֮ҵͨȻɳʯͷȥһֱźߡ
ԽԽͷѩǣڰԼһȺط֮ʹûֱȥͨɳѩҲĵ·ͨ档


755 ûϢ
ڼߵڷϵǸҰ׵̫Щƫʱѩǰ˴һϡ
ͷѩǵ˺ߣȴǰˣҲ뿪ˣߵһ㣬˸˲ԶĵطڵϢ
Ҳʮƽľ֣϶ɫ滨ݣĲ˼綼Щˣ鲻Խ֮£˺ôһ͡
ѩȴһĮЩ滨ݣȤҲûС
֡ȪˣȴЩɫ˵طǵһνǴطʼġ
Ҳ˵·ӦþһνҲͻȻ֮ʲôطôģȴɲ֪Ȼ
ңʱ˶ڣʮѰ˺ܾãҲûҵͨ
ԣڣֵҲȥѰҳ·ΪȥңҲδҵõڣϢһ£
ѩǲǰߣҶҪϢһȴΪһԻܵϣҪ취㣬˵Ҫץտ
ֻںغ˰ΣȴϺûһֻ͸˵ˡ
ȴĲݵϣ˫Դֻ۾գ˼νѩʧȥһЩ䣬䣬顣
һ·ҲʱʱĸѩһЩȥ飬ֻѩ̬ʮĮͲţ˵Ǹ벻
·ѩ֮䣬ֱѩѹһ̣мУȫֻһƬհס
Ȼѩһμ䣬һƬհףѩĲ˼硢δûкôʼվãЩԭӦѩĶӦþôʧ
е˶ǵѩôˣѩԼȴʲô֪ѩ˵ƽҲ̡ܲ
ԣţʲôķҲðѩЩʧȥĶһ
ţֻڴţЩһӾѹ
˳ŽȥԭӸĲ˼ˣ߲ԶĵطһЩк˹ȥ
˾ۼȥһŷ֣һطϾȻĺۼ֮⣬Ȼһ
ĺۼ
Żֵɻ
ϴһֵܣ֮⣬˵ҲüĿȣȴû˵˷ֹֺۼ
Ҫ֪˿ߣԲܱǰ׵ĺԹȥ
һҪ˵ѵ뿪֮󣬻һ˲̵ʱ䡣
ϸؿһ⣬ȴȻ֣һ˿˿ɫϢȻȴȻϵϢʮǺϣ
ϵϢʮǺϣ
ϵϢŨҶҲһŽɫϢϢټҲرԣῴ
ֻȴ˵ϴθʮֵ˽ʱ֮⣬ûһӣһ˵
ΪǸʱһ˸ոʳþߣ൱ȫòŴ𣬳ԵСõú¯ģסÿ˶ŵ𣬸òš
ǣȥϢ˸һģһϢ֮⣬ҲҲҲͬġ
Ҳ˵Ӧֻһסһʱ䣡
üͷ˵ôܣ
Ĳ˼ȴϾıӺ飬˵ˣĻݣ𿴽ޣȴһֱûʲôζ
仰˵ȻûʲôζţƾıӣȻܹ׵ķֱдζ
ԣ˵ϢϵģǾ;ϵġ
ϧǣλ䣬ȴʼҲ޹Ӫļ䣬УģҲסһʱ䣬ʱ˸ոսʮֵܶڣôܰۼҲû¡
ָȪҲҡͷ˵˵ʱΣȷ˵һû̫ͣʱ䣬õĻסԴģͻѡ
˵˵ĺۼһ۳ֺͺȪˣס˵ϢȻȥҵĵطԱһ£ʲôͬ
˵һʱ棬֡Ȫ˻ʱ䲻̣Ҳûȥ濴ϵϢ
ⲻ֪һ֮£ɵôסˡ֡ȪϣȻûϢκɫŨϢûС
ôܣϣﶼϢһʯͷһɳӣһҳǱϢ
ˣôûκϢ
һ֮£ɵתͷٴȥϽɫϢŨ֮һ˿˿Ϣ
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ָȪ˶һֻۣóӵ˵Щš
ֵʧɢ֮סҲСµĺۼأʱԣȪ˿ɶģ˵һ˵ĺۼ֮⣬Ҳûĺۼˡ
Ȼʱʧɢû׼ش֮С̵أ
Լҡͷ˵
ļǵãҷɢʱΪѩǵͬʱлˠ꣬ʱ˹ȥ˹ȥ֮£ܻԼһסһʱɡ
һܼ˵ĳʶ
Ĳ˼Ҳǰ˼⣬˵Ե״̬£ȷԼңһ˹ģҲӦĺۼǣȴһټƣһζ֮⣬Ҳûˡ
Ǵһ޴ìܣ
ȴüͷסĴų֡ȪˣͻȻְĿתĮĵѩ
һ֮£΢һ
ѩϵϢڣ뵣˵ѩ΢˿ȥĲ˼ˣҲûʲôĵط
Ĳ˼ϵϢԭȵЩΪһʱ£㲻ж𺦡
ϵĺɫϢԭҪŨЩ˵ڲ֪䣬һĸ˲١
ԼϵϢԼȴ޷ԣȻȥԽ
Ĳ˼硢ӡѩϢٷЩͬʱɻָֹȪ˵ô£ôûκɫϢأ


756 ʬ
ĿԼֺٺٵһЦ̧ڼͷһģЦСֵܣˣòŶԽشǲﵢⶼѾȥ˵飬£ǻиҪҪ
ȪҲЦ˵ǰǰط飬ԭͲҲֹһ˭ƽϵô࣡
˰ΣǿЦҼǵãشΪǹűֵܣŹģҲ˵ֵܵģ磬ôȥģ㻹ǵ𣿡
ôʣͻȻ뵽ȥˣԶֹһˣ٣ڣ֪ģ֡硢κܺˣǻȥС̣ѾˣϾҲǴȥ֮ġ
˵һ⡪طԸӣȴҲ·ߣ٣ô˳ȥ
Щȥ˵Уûи˵ˣʶռ䱻һˣҲǲʲôǳȥ֮󣬲ѹģôȥģȻҲǲܼǵá
κܺ˾Ͳȥ˵ˣκܺѾʬ޴棬θûΨһһȥһָ˼ģֻгһˣȴһֱ˹ȥ
˽ºԹȥҲпԭϾ̫ţ̫æǣԼȻҲ£ⲻǺֵô
ֿӦЩֵǵİ
Գ·飬ȴֲֻᣬ̫ˡ
ԣдһʡ
ֻôһʣֵһɫ˲䡣
ȪһԴԲ˵ĵΣʵǹ죬СֵҲûǺǣ㳣ּǵóȥ·ҲðԲԣ
Ȫֻضų֣ȴֵĻش
Ҳתͷһ۳֣˵ˣСôû
ֿһ𣬼Ȼ˵ҲǡôȥġҲ֪ǵˡ
̾һ˵ңʵڶԲ𣬺һð
ȪЦЦ˵ش磬ûʲôԵԲģشֵܻǣǾѾˡ
һʵش磬־ϴ磬Ҳشֵܣ԰ɣ
˵ͷ漴ʵСôˣҰɽôͻȻ뵽
һ˺Ƭ̣˵ûʲôͻȻ뵽ϴشһΡ
־ɣӲɵһЦٺ٣˵Ǽһﻹãһ˵ǼһҵҲǺǣش磬˵һģÿ˶иţǼһͽСǡСӡɽèüһһޣϻ˵Ψشǲһ˵شʲôˣʲôϹϡǺǡ
ɫһ漴Ц˵˵ˣǽСϸ硯
ͻȻ䣬ų֣Ҳ
Ȫһѳ֣ȵ֣˵˵شˡ
𣬲֪ĺһ֪ĻģӸĲ˼˵۾ȴųָȪˡ
ų֣˰ΣŻ˵㲻ǳ֡
һӸĲ˼˸ǾȲѣһϲЦˣֲǳ֣ô£
һܲȻЦЦ˵ش磬ǡ
ų֣˵Ҳ֪ô֪ҵŵģǣĳ֣һֱǽҹϸģ㣬ֱڣҲûһϸ磬˭
ֲĺһһӲЦش磬ⲻǼǲ𣿡
е㵽˭˵
Ĳ˼ʵش磬ǡ
ų֣˵ϸ֣ǵڵڰ೤ʱϹȥ͸һŮӣֿˣˡϸ硯ֵģֻҪҸ˵־ͻáϸ硯ƺңǳ֣ôǣ㵽˭˵
ٴκһЦ˵Ҿ͡ǳ֡ˡ
ٴȵֲһֱ˳ϵһЩҪСһƣһû˵㵽ʲô
ٴκһȻЩη˵ϸ硭㡭
ȪվߣǿЦءϸ硭ǡ
źȪ˵ǳ֣ǺȪʲô
Ȫɪɪ˵ôǺȪˣϸ磬졭
źȪٴ˵볣෴Ȫǰҡϸ硯֣û˵ҲһЩȴˡϸ硯֣ԣһðȪ㻹кλ˵
ָȪһ˺ü𣬳ͻȻеҲģҲİ
ȪҲе˵뿪ģʳԶʣҲ
仰֮䣬ԭ޼ֵܹϵȻ֮Ĳ˼ĿɿڴĮѵѩ̲סüͷ
ֽţֻ۾һ㶢𣬲ָȪ˶ʱƳһһԻ
һԣʼնһѹظ֮䣬³һԵУ̼䷢ս׼ֻӡĲ˼磬𣬶ûûоѡ
ų֡Ȫˣ˺һų˵˵ҪЩֵܻȥǣ
˶٣˵ҲʲôǰҵѵķϣҲǼƽϣ߰ɡ
ѩ̲סЩĶ˵ʲôܹ鶼һˣ
ĴѩĻͷЩ飬ҲܸߣΪǺãǸңںǡ
ָȪʱһ˳ǿһȻ࣬ȴͨЩһڶ棬ֻóָȪ˵Ŀ棬ͨ˲е
ָȪˣһ߿ޣһߺˣڿ֮Уֱȫʧ
һߣֵܣ˵ȫȫʹǷϣȻһƨϣĿųָȪʧķ
ãĿɿڴӸĲ˼˲ŻһӲɵĴϢţʵ磬ǡô£ô
ҡҡͷҲŪŪǣָȪˣΪʲôǳָȪˣʲô
Ƿϲѵ𣬹˺þòתͷЦ˵ҵڶ顭
ڶ飿Ŀʵ
ٴηʣ˵ȥΪǴսѵ飬սѣҲ˲٣ãȴмһսѾȥսѡ
û˵ôģǼػĸսѣһʵУȴúܱң֪һȻںһǱײģһǱ̮ķ
֪ǣԭ࣬ȴͬ˼άΪ߱һһңΪصǣǸЩˡŰٷ֮ʮϵƳ̶ȣֻ΢С
ָȪˣ־ɶĳƺܷˣĳֺͺȪĲ֮ͬ
Ӿѣ˺һð亹˵ѵǡʬꡯֻǡ꣡


757 ׵
ҡҡͷ꣬ʲôǶˣͨˡ
˵֪Լ˵©죬ʱס˿ڣٲ˵ȥˡ
ӺܲȻġٺ١һЦ˵Ȫ˵شǡԡʲôģô£ˣУش˵ˡǿԸƵ𣿡
ӣȴ˵֡
ǳȻôʲôģѩڼ˵
ȻӡĲ˼˲һʧ˳
תͷĶѩɲ˵
ѩ˵ϣֵֹ飬ֵֹĵطʤǣֻעؾЩ飬ЩطֻעоЩѣǶ
㻹֪Щʲôڶѩʵ
ѩмһЦɴ¹ĵߴ˵ĵھСӡĳȻС顢ԼʮһЩǼһĳȻоţȴڵģ治֪ʲô
û뵽ѩôһ˵ɫЩѿãźȵס죬Ҳ˵Щ
Ĳ˼˰Σ˵ش磬ĿģֻǻҪҵģоĶ
Ĳ˼磬
ûûεʵϴشǵоʲô
ȵӣ죬Щ飬ǲҪȥ׷ȥ֪
ôǳӣ֮⣬Ĳ˼ҲҪȥˣ𵽵ʲôݣĿʲôЩԼĲ˼ӸѩûϵԼĸֻӦԮ
ڿѾûκʵ塪ҪԮˣѾˣ
ӸĲ˼˿ǳĬ
ֻǹãתͷ˵СֵܣҪԶʲôȤĻԴλһ𣬵ȥȻܹ֪֪һС
ҡҡͷԲش磬ɢҰæΪֵܣ岻ݴǣԣ飬ûȤûУҲС
ô˵Ĳ˼̵ͷʾرͬ˵뵽֮ȥ
ѩȻûκαʾǴһͺ˳ֶ̬ȣָ֪Ȫ˲ԭ£ľһһĽ飬ʹѩ𼸺
Ҫѩټ뵽һ£ѩȻӦ
һ˺һ˵ãû˵Щ飬ҲֻܵסûҲκΪѣҲԲκˡ
⻰Ȼ˵ÿУȴЩɭȻ˺ܴľģΪͬʱ֮Ľ飬ҲֻܵΪֹ
Ͼһ·ϵˣ֪Խ࣬Լ鷳ҲֻԽࡣ
ôΣҲһ
˵ΪֹǵľԮʽ棬ʣ飬Լȥҵ·Ȼֱӻؼҡ
Щܣֻ̾һڣãӣߡ
Ӹ˼̾һ˵磬Ҿش֪·ʲôط
ѩ˵㻹ش磿
ӻعͷŭʲôǵˣ֪ʲôǸش绹һϻʯǿɶѪ̿㶼ȥġ
³ѩ˵һ
ﷳƲѣ̾һ˵ˣӡС㣬Ҫȥˡ
ʱĲ˼ͻȻе㿴
˳Ĳ˼ָķ򿴹ȥȻԭͬһ澵ӵĺϾȻ˲ƣ
ֻǲù֮мһطҵðݣˮͬһ޴İɫΪģƣֱ俪ȥ
ϵˮԵطԣԵľܿóγɷߵĲơ
ͬʱˮλԾ˵ٶȣӿȥº漫Ϊٵ½Ƭ̣ȥһס
Ŀɿڴ֮ʣȴԶԶشеҵˡҵˡ
ţȻһеĳ׷ſήĺ棬ֻһգ֮䣬㵽ˮĵط
𷢿һĴţȻ˳ˮһɣſ˵ĺˮĻ˹ȥ
Ĳ˼粻Ĵһش磬Σա
ܺ淢ʲôڿˮԾ˵ٶȿʧͨ˵׷ˮǶʮΣյ顣
Ĳ˼ĵȻ̿ȥա
ûԥ˫㷢ͬҵļʸֱˮ֮е
Ӻˮ˻ŵǰİߣٻعͷȥʱֻˮѾʣ࣬м䣬Ȼһڵĵ״ľ޴˹
ȷһ״˹ڲ֪ʲôƳɣһľ޴üͬ𳵳ᣬһĻҲͬ߸Ӵϸм䣬һεĶͬǺġ
ֻǻ棬һ޴ķ׶εˮǴӷ׶εһ֮ʧһü׿̰ͬһĻ꣬ںףӰ쵽Ƕĵ֮ϣֲǰܹˮķ䲨ơ
ֱ׵ˮȫӷ׶ϵĴ֮ʧݾͷѩǲŲ֪ʲôط˳ͷ˿ľӵˣԼסǰȻ̤һĵ̰ӡ
ߡϡţѪ۾е
ſ𣬴̤ѩǺ棬̤̰ӡ
ֻʱͷѩǻعͷֻĵӣ
ںеߣˮʧʱ̣ܶٲ߾ˡ
ӼѩǲߣɵôеûĵĶʲô˼
ѩĵ¶һ˿ƺûʲô
һ׹һ֣Ǭó˫漴ֽʣµʸһ˳Ҫֱ׵̰档
Ӵе磬ǿǷõĶӡ
ҲеΨһܴóȥĶֵӡ
һЦ˵ⶫѾķΧǲҪȥĺãҲ˵;Բһȥ
˵ţһֱ֣Ӿͽͼ׽ס
ǹͼʸǼ֮׹ף֮ͱ׵ɳûҲټ
ţ˵̰ӱϣҪףȥŹֻһѼס˵Ƕģǲܴȥ
˻쵰֪֪һŹоֵ
Ź׽ףʱתͷȥĵĵȥ


758 ̫ͷ϶
ľٶЩŭѩָ߳ȪûϢˣҲǹڻ
οһ̣ǿнŸѩǵĲ뵽һĽ֮С
ɴˣ֮Ľ飬ڳ˲ֺϵѺۡ
׶εǸȥˮȻûֿʼ˳ңٶȸǰȥʱһ졣
·ˮʧֻǺֻޣֻһһһһ£˶õʱ̽ȥͻöõʱ³ѡ
ѩǴˣ뵽Ǹ֮ʱˮѾû˵ĲӣֻǸưĿռһƬڣңʱҲעˮ
ǣͷѩҲӰˡ
ٴοѾ֪ںڰ֮й˶ãֻȴѾڰزбԱߡ
һİιˮ

һȥ˶ã˵Ⱥʮʮҹ
ˣκܺҲûôˣ
桱˻飬ˣǳĬ¶֡
ܹ֮󣬼˵ʳҲʣˣһͷţʱҲѾĵþ⣬֮£˽Ψһţɱˣһ·֮ϵʳ
߳ϲɽأصǸСľ㣬ʱѾȥ˶ʮ졣
ֻǵǵǴ֮Ҳ˵ȡ˳ӣһֱӾˡ
ĸˣƵȥտ漴͸һʮֿС̯̯׼˻ͭǵķɻ
ѩʧ֢ԽԽأȻԼһϤɻ־壬˵ʲôҲȥɻ
֮£Ĳ˼ֻö˼ŻƱ𳵻ͭǡ
ƫƫƱʱҸԳᣬȴȱƱ˵һ˵һ˳ëû׬һʱ䡢ʽǵ
Ʊ˵ȱУҲҪԼȥӲ
ֻȻﲻ˵ȴҲ֪һʹٿǮƱǮʡʡʡһһĵԭ򣬷𳵻ͭǣҲò˼죬һҲ͹ȥˡ
һϳˡ
Ϊÿ˶ǶԺģһϳŷ֣Ĳ˼ѩŮһʮ꣬ͷϴ˶Ƥñ˶棬Ӻм䣬Ҳһʮ꣬ıӶӡ
Ĳ˼ѩ˸Աߵӻһλã˭֪ߵӶǲǡ
һ۾ܿóӣʲôöĲ˼ѩŮҪĲ˼͡
Ӹ˾Щŭȴû취ϾԷֻûͣ˵Ҳû˵СΣȴʵ
ƫƫһ˻𳵣ĲһȫܶӲſš̿Ȫˮơϲ走ռ㼦צƬӿĽȲҪǮԡ
⽫һ棬һֱֻţ伢һ̲ͣıæ˶һȦȥʱ̾ҪǮӪȻľܾ
һȫǰԪĳƱֱӣӾسԣغȣòſ
һ£ע⵽ǸԼԼмǼһ۾˵˿϶ǺöѾ˴⣬˸ˣĻ᲻ץסɾͲǵԸ
һﲢھֱӶ֣ΪӲŸոе˶Ŵ۾ھͶ֣Ƿǳ⣬˵ˣȻͲ󣬵ʼնˣ˵һҲһɫ׵ľͶ֡
ҶǵڵĿĵغ³Ƕʱԣ³ǷֲǮʱѾˣʹ˾ҲѾӰˣʧԵİУûʲôΪġ
Ȼţ͵ùˣһźһǮ΢΢ƳһѾ⡣
ϵ֮ɵӣЩǮҪĻõ㣬粻ȱľǮ
˵ţŪһûǮ漴Ѹٵķ˻ȥ
Ĳ˼һƤñӣһϾȻóʮ򣬶ûֽͷǹ𺳺;ϲԲ˵ˣ̾ţҪģظԭϣعϡ㵽ʱһӲģҲν
ţǴƤñģĿӽһ£ʾȥһˣǿвĵȴƤñƬ̣漴˳ȥ
һߣĲ˼̵ʵʰǣ
ЦЦ˵һﲻǺˡ
һҧըȣһЦ˵񣬾֪ǷᣬҰ򵽶үˣߺߡ
Ĳ˼̫֣ҶֻΪ˸·ͬһλѣ˵¶ȥǼƽϣֵ𣿡
ٺٵĵЦ˵Ҫ⣬ҲͰˣҪȻٺ١
Ĳ˼絭˵ڵò˶ãܴʲô⣿
˵仰ƤñֻһǴֵĽĲ˼
ȻƽȣһĲ˼ˮģǽΣԲظԭɽʱõɫƤñһ͹ĦĦռˡ
Ĳ˼һüͷбۿ˿ĦǸӣۼƤЦģ룬߼˼ѩȥЩܿ˵㡣
ʱǸҲҲǺļм䣬һƨȥ
ڶǸƤëӣһۣһЦͷװ˯ˣûӣԴһƫӾߵĲ˼ϿȥڻȥʱȴĲ˼ķȥһŴ첻ҪĲ˼罿۵ϡ
Ĳ˼һüͷϽָм䣬һӵϣŵһɼ̳ŨɧζĲ˼粻üյҪ˯ȥһ
ȴǲֻװ˯һеǺֱЦȻȡЦ
ȷЩЦڶȴЩ̲סߵǿ˵磬ͬ˵һ£Ҫɣλɩӣ
ǿжʱʹˣһɹúʲôڵģ˯ˣ˻˯ҪоԿ
Խ˵ԽףԱλûһҳ˵Ϊ˿׺ӣ˵ˣĽ˾ٹ£Ҳûʲô취˯װİɣҲ㲻ã˵ı
̧ͷһӣһȻ˫ֱԴˤˤ˵⳵ŲˬӣҪȥ˼һλãǮν
Աļһ˵뻻λãҲںǮ۱ӵ˸ɫ뻻λõ˼
һﵹۼ⣬һ±Ц˵λ磬ٿһλã
۾ɵĴģ˳տȫ̳ƱҲҪôǮٿ飬ܹˡ
Ҫ˵ֻǶǹƤñӣ۾һЦ˵ֵܣ˵ģ
ӺٺһЦ˵ǻǱ߿Щ
Ƥñɫһ漴˵ˣ鷳Ҹ㻻١
ԭϣֻЦЦ˵Ҳãӣ͸ɡ
ԱȻƱϵڱԲˣƤñһ׺ݣ˵ıģ˵Ҳö˵ֱֹ˼䣬Ҳˡ
ӸƤñ˻λãӸŰԪƱ漴ͷ㡣


759 Ʋ¶
һ󣬳ϵ˶ĸо˯ϮһĶ۾·ոһĻֻǧ˴гϣƽһСԹҳݵĲ
һһѭ΢ζ֮У˯˹ȥ
ѩ֧ԴһĮĿŴɳ۶ľ󣬲֪Щʲô
αϣ΢۾״£ȴʱʱע˵Ķ
ʼʱҲǱ۾˯ֻûãĿ˾վòҪȥϲһ㣬Ҵҵġ
û£˵ӣû˿ó±ʶݳһ·ͷĲȥ
ǼһڲſվһʾˡҲ⣬ֻǺнš
ֻ΢һſһĿ˲ӣ˽ȥ
ȻǼһһȥ֮󣬾͹ţܹѵõıʶǼһＷţҲ͸Žš
棬ȻͼˣŵٽʱЩӵתӡ
һ̾˵߸硢Ÿ磬ô
ǰģһһͷȧһڵļһһԼḷ̌ƨӵأһ˵½ӣ֪Ȼǳˮ˵Ļֵ
ǿӣҲǳ̵ľġ½ӡϽЦЦ˵Ÿ磬Ĳ˵¶ģۿģƱӶһʮϣ⻹ص㡭
վԱߣȽϾݵ߸磬һ½ӣģߴߴģ˵صʲô
½Ц˵صŮӣˮܵģɣʹϴֻƬЩȲˡ
Ÿŭ׮ʹ¶˵ף
½ָϽЦ͵Ÿ磬Ҳ֪ϻ죬̵ģǰʹϴ󣬾Ÿǣʲôĸа
Ÿ½һۣǶ½ӵ̬Ͽɡ
߸ȴǳ˵ڵˣһϵֽ𳵣½ǲǮˣʲôǮ
½ظ˵߸磬½ҵȷǮЩ裬۾ûۻ軨ĵزԣֻҪǮҾԶϴ˵ġ
Ÿȴ˵һǮ𳵣飬ȷЩΣ·ʱҲǼ޶óһǮ˼ҵӵܡ
½ӸϽ޾ŸԼԼ󣺡ԶԶԣŸǺҹ۲죬С޶ȷǸӵܣԣиС࣬⣬С޶ӦڸŮˣѣϲֽ𣬿϶ԲС޶Ǯ˵ˣпʲôģûôˡ
Ÿ类½һµ˵ͷͲµӦô£
߸ȴЩɣһǮȷǲ٣Ҫϰʹϴǰ˵ĻֵܵģҲûǮˡһ㣬ֻҪǮǰʹϴȴ˶Ҫһ˰ִˣǿɾǻ
Ÿ˻֣Щͷ˵߾ǰǺ»ģôԽԽû˵ˣ˵һǮþûôˣ½ӣȥٿϸעһ£˒µˡ
˶٣ŸƵ˵½û˵ĻС޶ϣ϶ͲֹһǮ
½һЦЦ˵ŸģҶãǼ޶ҲǒµˣҪȻԴҸͲ̬ˡ
Ÿ˵ͷһ˵Ӹⶼһ׮ʮѷĴ½СҪرע⣬Ū©
½Ӧһתţصߵ档
ջرʶ΢Ƭ̣׼һҪĶ
½ӻصλ£Ѿ׼ġ
ϴ󡭡½£̾һ˵ţʵڲ֪ܲҵõƱһ
Ĳ˼һˣʲô
ЦЦ˵ûа徻ôٺ٣С
˵ţ·һЦݣƳһߵ½ӡ
½ӿЦЩаʲô徻ʲôԹôôһ˵ӵıĿ¶˳
ɴˣ½Ӿ͸ӿ϶ԼƲ⡣
ֻ½ӻСĵ̽˵Ҫ̣ߺߣǿɶǮ˲ġ
Ϳ½ǵļ½ûҪһ£½ôһ˵̽׼õһֽ˳һţƵ˵Ǯô֪ЩǮܲõƱ
һֽʮȫһһûİԪƱ½һ۾Ӷˡ
ҲҺãʱΧϵˣȫ˯ûע⡣
Ĳ˼ɲɡ
ЦЦ˵Ųܺõȥٺ٣Ҳһô
Ĳ˼һΪҪʲôĲ˼ܲµõ޷ҲǲǰҪһѵڻλãҲǹȥ˵飬ȫûҪȥƽϡ
ֻĲ˼粻֪ǣʱ򣬾һѵҲɲˣ˼ҿͶԼ⼸ˣĲ˼ѩˣǸ˼ҵҪصкĶ
νֱˡ
ЦţֽһǮջصЦ˵˭ҪܰƱٺ١
Ƥñһ䣬ǸոѹƵģ˿վӣҪȥϲ
һԲ²⵽һضҪȥԼŪƱﲻɵðЦһ
ֻߣҲ¶ɫ
ʱǸƤñûгԱƷһһ·Ʊ
鵽һϯгԱƱѯʵƱпλӣ˭Ҫ𡭡ƱпΪֹ˭Ҫ𡭡
һƱгԱɵЦһɲڲǸ߸װġ
һЦţһ߻صжԶƱǮ
߸˵ⲻŸոշôԶأڣƱҪۡ
˵ţ߸ָͷ˵ٰˣ
̲סһ֣һָ߰ͷһЦٰˣǼ
߸ٴ˿Լָͷһָ֣ͷǿЦ˵ǳ̳ϰˣǡ
߸绰û˵꣬ʶԼָͷû˿óǴٰˡ
޼ɵЦָͷǼ˼Ҷ٣㲻Ҫƭңָͷٰˡ
߸һ죬Ͻ˻ȥ˵ҪǲҪ𾻳ЩûõģҪȥҪͱҵĹ
΢һЦЦ˵Ҹͬһ£ȥæɣ
߸ŭһ漴ֽŭˣЦ˵ǺãȰĳƱøңֱӸ㻻ƱǣԸǱһ㡭
ٺ١һЦǶأǺǣҪҵĳƱֲһƱҵȥ㣿ڱˣٺ٣ҵռ˭ıˡ


760 
߸ŭ⣬ǿЦгϵгԱ㻹Ҳңߡ
ʱӳһͷ߹һԺŮ֣һƵģһ߸磬Ȳ˵硭硭ܻܲƱ
߸統ЦУոպλֻǼǮϡ
Ůҡҡӵĸ첲˵ǼٿǮֲǸֻҪУͿȥɡ
߸תͷһ¶һЦ˵úúã͸ǰȥ
˵ţ߸ͷǰ·һߣһֻŵ绰˵ҪƱģһ£Ͼʹ
߸Ƕȥ˰ΣЦеػֱߵˣЦ˵ʣλˣ㵽ҪҪ
ҲЦЦֻλˣǾЩϧˣеĻҲҪĸλ
߸ЩΪѵЦЦ˵ӲֻλˣǱߣҲ԰æ취㻹ѡ԰ɣոĸλһ䣬ǺǣǮ
˵ţ߸Ҫֻǣ߸ֲһ룬˻ȥָͷȴٰۡˡЦ
һûǮϵ˵࣬˵һԿţٺ١
˵ţһǮһţӸ߸硣
߸罫Ǯָֻͷ΢һ֪ǮǼǮɴҲƶϣȷͬյǰС޶ȷᣬüǮֵôһֵĴ
£߸Це˵ɣȥһ£ȸҹȥط
΢һ±վЦ˵ãҲȥߡ
Ĳ˼翴˵Ҹʲô㿴ôʰ㣡
ЦӦһ߸
ԳᣬȻֿŸҲԳ棬һ֪⼸һʲôϷˡ
ֻ˿Ҳɫֻڸ档
߸羭ŸʱŸ߶һ䣺ʮˡ
ŸᣬǸ߸磬ʮ˺ǿյġ
ֻǾŸᣬȴ˸һ붼ûж룬֪߸ҪԼȥĵطӦþѾѡĵطҲΪԼѡõĵط
ֻ߸粻ɫ·ŸʶƵģֱֻʮ˺ԡ
˶ʮ˺ǰ߸һƣű㱻򿪣߸عͷЦ˵ֵܣãոĸλ㿴Ҿ˵гԱƭ˵£԰ɣ
ٺ١һЦʵǮ
߸붼û룬ƣÿλ壬ҪĸĻһǧ
߸İƣ̲סЦǼ˼
߸ϽƣЦ˵ҲǿСֵ˵ķˣҪ˱ˣһǧһǮҲ١
һ֣ãƭңһǧһһǧͦ󷽵ķϣǲ̫ˣ
߸ϽЦ˵ǲǣ˵ߵˣǱһǧһǧ꣬ǱһǧģҲһǮǺǡƽƽһǧǻṩһͣǺǡ
ﰵЦṩʲôģԾ͵ôƭ˵ֶΣδҲŵ̫˰ɡ
֪Ȼ߸ôģͣȻпǼƻ֮еһѣֻҲû߸Ƿ뵽һվв̵ʱ䣬ҪǸĲ˼ѩ˵İʹʲôĽɫ
ԣЦЦ˵ǾͶлˡ
˵ţԥǮһʮŰԪƱݸ߸硣
漴ʵǵƱأ
߸һǮһЦģҾ͸͹𣿡
ЦЦȥ׷ʻƱ飬ֻ˵ҲǣҲЩˣ͡
߸漴պǮЦ˵ƾƱȥѲͣ⻻ƱҪһЩʱ䣬һʱҲɣȥλѽйҹȥкͳˡ
ЦЦתȥĲ˼˹ȥԡ͡߸ȴֱӵͳȥš
ֻŻͷû߼Ÿ󺺾ӭ˹һҴҵӣʱ򣬲֪ô£ŸͻȻ˫һţͻȻ˽һ㣬ǰһˣֱ
Ÿ󺺣һǰˣţŸ硭Ÿ硭
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Ÿһ˫ץ˸գ硱һʵʵſ˵ذϣȻûôȴˤƯƯĶʺ
Ÿ󺺣ԶԶվţĿſڵϵľŸ磬ɵ΢΢һƾ룬˵õĲ̫һ֪ҪҪԭƻȥ
Ҳô΢΢һһ΢׳ʵһˣŭι޶ˤôȥһѡ
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ҪͨˣôװͰ͵һ𣬿϶̾ͻ˷磬Ҫôֱ˵Լ޹أߣ鲻ԣ̵ͷߣʱá
ȴЦЦ˵ұ뿴ˤһӣΪʲôҪȥ
ŸԼ󺺣ǳԼģҪԼģ˵ȥԼ׵Ʋϵ
ԣɴֱӼŭǣʡһЩ鷳ҲʡԼȥ¡
ֻ֣ԭƺõľֲ̫һұֵñԤƺõҪ塱ö࣬ǰ׼ǫ̃ʣһӶòˣʹˣ̲סһٵתԽȥѰ֮Ӧ̨ʡ
ʱŸſڵϣڴϡҵˡ
Ǹ󺺣һת̸Žе㿴ûˣ㡭
ëϵôЦǵıݣҲ̫רҵˣûҽӴأң
˸оӦĸԭƵĿﲻɵһϲϽϾ飬ŭ޶ô˵ģˣҲ𣿡
ԭԤƣôһ˵̾ͻ
û뵽ȫ·ƣֻǺǵЦǲǾҪץסҪҽҩá
Цţһ֣ǬｫװƱĿڴ˳ڼǰ˻ΣЦ˵ֱҪҽҩãҲǸǮǺǣֻݼ̫
ʵ̫ˣŸֱӷӦãЩҵʵ֪Ǿǳģ
һЦ˵߸ƭǮֻھŸҪ
ŸһĿ֪࣬Լϵĳƺ֪һʲô·
ȴ̲סˣֻ۾һ㶢һǮֱԽŸ磬ѹ˹ȥ


761 ˮ
ʲô·ǮǴֿɼֿɵõģȲҪȰǮŪ˵
ֻǰǮڼ˵ע£ֱսǬ漴֣Ц֪ǾǳҵǮģб¹þˡ
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Ǹ󺺣һΪˣ˹ȥŤ°⣬оڰһڻеһ㣬ѹͰⲻ
һǸ˶ӣһ˫ִӱ§Ĳӣþȥĸߴ˲٣ǴӱȥĲӣҲһ˱ȽλãӦ˵ûκηġ
ʵǣеĴӱ˳̵Ҳɰⲻһ֮£ȡһذ׳ˢһ¾ͼĲӣݺݵĴе֣ȻӾһͱ㣡
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һ˼ֲͬҽвѣ֮£ذ׾ĺȥ
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ֻû뵽һȥذ׼ĺһȻûȥ͸˵һץָǸץһ㣬ץǼһļιȥˣʹǼһᶼ˳
ûüһ㱻һᵽǰ棬һصһҲִˣֻһŽ˲ס
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ˣʹľˣʱһѹסʱֻоѹǧʯѹֻгûн
˱ѹ۶ڷˣŸЩͿˣˣԸһëͷСӣңոһĽһǮչʾǰŸҲܻ᲻ֻŴǮ˵
ԣŸһ֣ҲذףֱͱĿҪ
ⲻ֪һ־Ȼʹ˾Ÿ֣ݺһһšذסһ䵽˵ذϣŸֻʹӴһ͹˵ϣһֻֻǸű֣ȫʹôģҲû˿Ļ֮
ҲȥִˣǺžŸֱùͷڡ죬ѣ
ʱŸֻ֪ǰëͷСӣԶ˾׶Ը˵ģʹ֮¸Ͻ
Сֵܡүү֡
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ҲˡҲˡСֵ֡Ÿš
ſڵϣ°ĭүүҡ
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ٺٵһЦ˵ǿŵģԼǲǺˡ
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ŮԱˣĴԳᣬȴûĸ˴˾ңǴһŵĳԱϢҡ


762 û·
˽棬ŮԱĺȵȥ
ЦЦʵ˵ȥ˾ôôط
ŮԱݺݵĵһۣŭȥͽȥʲô
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߸ЦЦ㻹ңʲôʱִ
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飬벻˳ϣᷢ飬һҪദ
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ѩȴüͷ˵ûв´Ūǻڷ°ҩҩʲôģԣñȥԺ͹Ķ
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⼸֮Իûճƣû趨ľ鷢չԴǵļƻʹ⼸ȷķӦ
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ӺٺٵһЦҪôߺߣǸҪʶʶʲôǴܵڡ
˵ţץһ̲ˣֱӿ߸ϡ
Ҳ̫̣ˮˮͣ߸ʱɱһͽζ϶ܺܡ
ֻһ֣ڲͳǼδ󺺣һذ׵ذףžƿžƿҲЯĲصֱ˹
Ҫ۴ܣĲ˼硢ѩԲУһҲսЩͨͨĵϵ˿Աġ
ԣһʼ֣һڣ߸ϣûһƼ߸Խĳ
߸ֻ໡Ľһ㵹ڵϡ
漴ǰȥָȭͷһգ֮䣬ӵļһһŵ⼸˷ŵŵһץžһǶ⣬ͨһӵ浹ڵϵ߸ϡ
գ֮䣬߸ϱſ߰˸󺺣ѹ߸ɱһؿ
ǸαװɳԱŮˣҲ׺ݣץ˰ؾƿӣӺɨֱüζ˵ӡ
һҶ㣬һߴеҲŮ˵ģɱҰ
ŮԱ㲽ƣһŭб㡭
Ӵţ˸ӣһץסŮ˵ƿӵ֣ڲ͵һģŮ˵İƿӶʱ֡
Ů˷һֻ֣žһӵϳһǶ⡣
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Ů˵ϣʱһںڵİӡӣᶼֱӴõ˳Ҳ˼ţѪ˳
һƴ꣬ӽŮһƣȵ
ŮϷ˸΢סӣֳ˹
ӴеҲŮ˵ģҡ
֮УŮ˾Ȼֱһץסӵ죬ϥǣֱӶӵĿɡ
ӻۼȿ죬ϽһȣײŮӵϥǡ
硱һ죬ӴӲİһǣʹӴˣҶӾﰡ
Ů׼ڶǵʱƿŮӣǿܹһ
ֻŮӲģһ㣬ƿˣֲܲ˵һץסӵ·
һָŮӣǱ۾һȭŮӵزϣеүҲŮ˵ģҪ𡭡
ӵȭͷŮӵزϣֻȭͷģ֪ǴŮӵʲôطﲻһţæջȭͷһԲҲǹġ
Ůӵزһȭʹú˺ü漴һ͵


763 Ů
Ӳ֪ŮΪʲôôƴһ߻ץ裬һߴеˣˣˣˡ
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ŮӴǼͷѥӣӵƨϣȻǷͬСɣֻߵӶʱƨɣһ߲סııһƿڴ㡭ҡ
һҧٴζ˵ߵŮһ˹ȥŮԴ΢΢һ࣬ӵİƣһ𣬽ӵץסȻһŤ
ʱʹָȡֻñȽϽӸʹ֮£ʹ
Ůšӵƴѹֻһšӵ
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ӵ϶ʱǱʮһ㣬췢̣Ůӵ£е治ǹġ治ǹİ
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ӣҪӶӾҪֱӽ֮ء
ӼĴ̣ܴݣôҪҪŮˣӵҲǵһϡ
֮ʣһ֣Ůµ£ֱ׵Ůϣ漴е磬ҡ
ʱոսļһһŵһ㣬һ𣬸ոջһӴȣԭΪһΣգϸֻ֮£̲סЩЦ
һȻһŮ˴æҡ
Ů˶ҲЩŵģԣɴЦ˵ӣԼˣæš
ȷЩæĲ˼ѩ˱ͻȻһΧš
һ߰˸ģĲ˼ѩΧţȴ˺ȴЩɣõȫӡ֮ģʱĲ˼ѩ˰ְŵʩչ
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ҲΪĲ˼ѩ֣ʹĲ˼ѩ˲Щ棬һǡǡָ棬ԣʱĲ˼ѩ˱Щٲά衣
˶ѣ֮Ĳ˼ѩм䣬չŲ֮䣬ƾߴ򣬲ʱ㽫Ĳ˼ѩ˵ľת
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ŮӵʲôҲ˼ˣֻһζĶ͹ʹһȴ˼ŮǹŵģƲһȭȥۿҪŮϣֲжȥջȭͷ
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žһǶϣҪȵѹû뵽һȵЩˣ˵ԴһǰȻֱӻ˹ȥ
ԼһιȥˣҲô˭ץһȣȻʹ˶ӲĽȳ˳
ֻû뵽ǣһ֮£ϰȻҲ˸⡣
õȥǲǾ⣬ֻǳʵ˵ʹ˭ʲôط
˵һһһ򣬽еү治˵ʲôҲ֪ʲôʹүаʮĸлڳ̵СӣҲ޷ΪҺڣү̧֡
Ա̧ȸһﵱһţŭˣ
һؿڣſɥ˵شүĻСĽʮˡ
ӶһĶһţŭƨʮˣʲôʱ㣿үǿϹ㵱үҲһûӰ˵ʮôܼ
Ŷӣˮ˳ſǻ˵үҾ̧ţŹСһҾ͸үţ
ŭ˭Ҫţˣү㻰أǸʲôʹģʲôˣʲôط
治֪˿ʼʹĽ
һ̸ֹܣָͷһֻǸֹ̾ͱΡѿҪ˼ϣʲôطһ󣬻ùͷ飿
˸ֹܣֵȵ˵
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ҲҪֱ߸磬һ£߸ˣŪ࣬ϾƭҲԲأֻҪҧͦţһҲͻȥԣĳ̶ֳ˵߸ˣ־ҪȸͼЩСҪǿöࡣ
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ҲֻǵЦ֪߸ֻΪǮʹǳҵδģߺߡҪ˵ϵĲԭȥ֮ڴҵ⣬Ҳ㣬ǣʹҴŵ⣬Ǿ͵Ҫһ˵
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˵ţɫɭɭģ߸磬סĻ󣬷·һ̣̾ͻ߸Դ
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ջȴЩ޿κΡԼȷһֻһ߸磬ƫƫ߸ƭԼǮҲﲻ˵ˣ߸ϾҰɽ˲ݿܣҲǲֱŪġ
ջģƫƫ߸Ҳһ㣬ŸҸԼӲ
ջһòһЦӻóǰǮ߸ǰ˻ΣЦ˵Ǯȥ֮ֻҪ˵ܹҵõʹǰ飬ҲƽˣЩǮø㣬ֵǵһҩѣΣ
߸Ȼ۾Űɫϴ嵶ӵǮɵáߴһһڿˮ
Ƭ̣߸ͻȻ˵ҪҰʹԲҪһ˵𣿹ǰʹҪĶƾһ㣬ΪǮҳʹ
߸粻ǵϻƾգ߸ȻóԲֻʰʹҪ˵
һܴˣ˵߸Ѿȫ⳵ϻ˭ȥĲ˼ѩ˵⣿һ˵ʹŹĲ˼ѩˣֻҪ𳵵תߣһʹĵ̣ʹܶĲ˼ôţ
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ûʲôˣһѣһаЦ˵أӲûѪιģ˱˵Ķ棬гкȣҲֻһ֮һСȻٽųԳԺȺȶѣûʲôˡ
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ŮҲֹ߸磬ȫݣ˳ֽŹϣ漴ߵƿ档
νƿǲʻжɫ滭ʽݣʷǡĻԼ㣬ȵ򣬸ƿĲϣַΪơֹ͡ơ
һ˵ƿõϣǲý顢觡ɺʯɰȵĿﱦʯԼһЩغ컨ֲ֮Ϊϣʾʥ
Ůӵļƿڡ̻һλһȫ筺ɫĹâ֮УȴǳªΧΧ˫յˡ
֮رעƿƿɫѤĿ֮⣬ؼǣ⻰еǳª
ǷһͷĠ꣡
˶ԴªףԼͬèȵ˫ţ֮β͡һݠġ
ƫƫεһ֮ͬԾŵĻĻ
仨Ϥˡ
һ֮£̿Լĵ𣬹ͺͺĻ棬ƬİҶ
һֱң״ȫͬĿ˥صĻ
ֱڣҲֻ֪׽ʲô֣Լ˽ĳƺ
ǸŮӼĿתĶһƿţɵŭĺǳҶ԰ʹ񡭡
عɵǵİʹϴ󣿡
ŮӸŭֱ
ɵȻʧЦƿ󣬱˹ǲûҪŮеɡ
ʱĲ˼ҲǶ仨Σתͷ㿴ô
֪Ĳ˼˵ҲǶаƬ飬µ˵ͷ˵شҵĻ


768 źռ
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Ȼ֪һ˶ɣϼɣ衢Ĳ˼֮⣬ǰνбʲôҪˣбүү̣ڣҲܹھͽеóġ
Ůһ̡˵ʵ̫С˼ˡ
ֻһ̡гһ˪ŮӣȻҲ̲ס΢΢ǣ¶һ˿ǳ޺۵Ц⡣
ӼŮӲٺǳԼ³ûʵǻʲô֣
꣬ӻرɵֽһ̡
˭֪μʹˡ̡Ůɫһ䣬ǳʲôȷ֮졣
һ˵ģǼ⻨ͲĻһ֮£̲סЩ棬ʶѣԲʲôǷ֮롣
ŮӺһ˵ʲôϡ棬ߣҪ֪ҲǴģʹϴҲָʾҴǹ
΢һʵ˵ʹϴرҵδޣԼλŮӣʣʹϴ󵽵ʲô˼
ŮǺһ˵ִֻаʹϴָʾѣʲô˼ôԴ⡣
ЦЦٴʵȻʹϴָʾǹΪʲôţ
ŮЦٸ£ֻǰС֣Ƿƿһ
һ֮£Ȼ֣ƿ棬ȻһնĿռ䡣
һ֣Ϊơ
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΢һɣӱںеСŮ޶ǽȥǾͽȥٺ٣Сӣ
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ֻŮ˵ʹϴ棬ȥ벻ȥҲɲ㣬ߡ
ҪӲϹӲģٺ٣ӲԡӺٺٵЦţ˵ǸʲôʹϴģҲͰˣҪȻһѻѡ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻ̲ס˵ӣס졭
ӴתͷȥֻòɪɪɫѾʼŤӣΪ־壬Ȼ֪֮󣬵Щʲô
֮ͻȻһʱ䣬֪Щʲô˵
Σ̲ס̾Ϣһ֮£ȥãʵóõĶ
ԣֻҡҡͷʵôȥ
ŮӺǳ߽ȥѵҪȥ
һ̣ͻȻ֣һӽŮץס漴תǶ֡
Ůӵ֣ԭͱ΢ѷһǰ֮˵ȫΪĲԸȥŮˣԣŮӽ֣ʱҲֻֻ־ܣֻ
ڣ̾ҪʹȻٱһ֮ʣþȫ˵Ů˵֮ʣԣһֱץס˸첲
ŮһһߺȻеҪʲô
ָֹֻͬŮܹÿȥ
ҲЮŮκ飬ֺʲôһ֪˵ˣŮӵ˼ҲͽֻԼĲ˼硢ӡѩ˽ȥںá߸ˣŮȴûҪǽȥ˼
ȻŸ߸ŮӶ棬˭֪Ůֻ߸ô
߸˶˵ûʲôϵ˲벻ģȻҲǻиʲô
ŮֲҪԸø߸ˣȻֵģԣһץסŮӣ̾ͳǶ֣ԼȥҲŮ档
ֻһ˲䣬ץǸŮӣȫ뵽档
ӡĲ˼硢ѩˣһ漴ᴩ֡
߸磬Ťöһۣ漴ҲǿЦ߽Ƕ֣˫˫Я˽ȥ
һ̴֣һ
ǰҲֺ֣̾ͻǸɥİʹֺ棬һƬյĻֺǸաȵȣ벻ʮֽͺ
û뵽֮󣬾Ȼǵһ䷿֮ڣ·ǵֻ֣ǼݷӸ䷿֮һŶѡ
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񼸸ȫƾճһ㡣
˰ɫʲôûУңⷿİɫҲǴǽϷģÿһǽڣذ壬ֵģ۵İɫ
䲻ҲûӺſʲôģӦһȷյĿռ䣬ǣڴڵĴһȴо˿ѹֺƣ˳ͬڻҰ֮С
ӡĲ˼硢ѩĸˣ߸ˣŮӣǾֲѡ
һȴǺ治ѣȥǽڡ
ֻӵֲŸոսӴǽڣӵָǽ֮䣬㷢žһ죬һɫĵ档
Բۡе硭һ˦֣е
е硭Ĳ˼˾ǳһĺһԶԶ뿪ǽڡ
벻ѩ˵ոǶǵ֣Ȼʹ˾磬˵ȥǽڣԼ·Ҳᴥ磬ʲôϡ档
˵ţѩȥ·ĽμȻǡžһμѩָ֮䣬ҲըһɫĻ⡣
Ĳ˼棬ǰѧӣȥǽڣһ𻨹Ȼƺǽ֮ը˿Ǵĸо΢ԶԶûֵôš
Ůӷſ漴ЦҲ£
ŮŭҽˣҶ·һ
Ϊʲôعӣ̲סʵ
ŮӽʹϴͨѶϢߵóȥ
ʵ⻰ʲôط
ô֪ʲôطŮӵȴЩɥ
ȴŮ˵ĻȻǸʹӽˣΪʹִйˣô᲻֪ʲôطŮӷǲ˵ʵѡ
˭֪ѩĿط·𴥶˼ĳЩǿӣЩģ޷ڶʱ֮ڱ
ѩĬšͷȥŬĻ
һ󣬸ɴѽһֱ̣ϣʼԹԵĺ˵˵
ȥӣֻ컯۾ȥϸĿǽڣŬҪȥЩʲô
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769 ڤ
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ȭͷÿһǽڣȻÿһǽڵĶӲޱȣȭͷǽϣ˻ᷢƵĻ֮⣬ķӦȴǰҲûС
ǸӶϲɽ֮Уóԡ
һתûʲôͻƿڣҲɵЩɥĲ˼ߡ
ŮӺݺݵؿҲѾֲѵø߸˽˹ȥ
ңңŮӶ߸˷Ը
ӡٺ١Ц˭㣬ٺ٣ûǣްӷˡ
Ůŭǲȥǰɡ
ɺٺٵЦСãܴܲȥҵҲûģܳȥǵͣһȥٺ٣ôһ𣬵ҲȣǺǡ
˭ҪһôŮòУҪԼŮӾҪվȥѵӡ
ǺòʵڴҶˣܻܲųȥ˭Ҳ˵׼м⣬֪ܲôҽһ£
˵ţҲȥŮŭݣʵʹշ
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Ҳ⣬˵Ȼﲻ˵Ҳ׷ʣ˵ȥ¥񱤣ϲɽصһططҶʮƵŮӣʣ֪£
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һ˵⻰»û꣬ͻȻŤ͵ͺȵס졭
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һã̾Ϣһȴ˵ô㣬Ҳ֪㷢ʲô飬ǣ㣬Ҳ֮һܼôô
üҲ֪ں˵˵ʲô
ŮӣܲסӣŭصˣھǰĻȪ·ϣʹĳͷûûĺˣʹͻ͸һ֦ڤݣػ˼䡣
ӽһشҪҵģʲôݣ
뵽ҪҵģǽڤĻȴ뵽ǲڤݳ˺Ŀ˥أõĻͻʧȥԭӦԼĺܶණ䣬ϵϢǡΪˡ
Ůȴ˵ڤݵˣʹܵʮٲຣߣ
Ů˵ô࣬ʲôڤݣʲôȪ·ˣĲ˼ûȥȴע⵽һ򲻿ʹֵŮӣȻһ˺üΡʹ
Ĳ˼粻ɵ˵ӣô˵ǸʹڻȪ·ƹƶħ񣿡
Ůɫһ漴ŭ˵˵ڮ󡭡֮ܵ࡭ʹŹ㡭
ݲõģǱĻԼһˣЦŻ˭أ棬ߺߣΪûٺ٣˵㣬ǾǴӵ˹Ҳûܰôٺ١
üеǴӵģ
ЦЦΪ˾Ԯѣɣӵ߹һ˶ѡ
˵˵˵ü
ӺٺٵЦţøͬߵ˵ʲôú˵ģˣǸʲôʹһĠ꣬۸ǼûɱһǧҲɱ˰˰٣ǺǣʹѶһѻˣô
㡭ŮӶʱʧɫеҶ԰ʹ㡭㣬
ӼŮӼ淢ǺǵЦ˵ֵǼڹŹ˹˼ˣһССİʹҺΣб°гǴһܡ
һģ̬ңɵÿЦһ£Ȱӣȱ˵ˣ˵ûж԰ʹ˼ҲΪ̸˵λѣһЩܽ͵鷳Բ̡
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ҡҡͷûСӦˤһ£ôģʧȥ˺ܶļ䣬Ūĵѡ
һСһ䣺㲻ץ˻ȥģ
ҡҡͷȻ֪ʲôˣûϵ
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˵꣬תͷŮЦѾͷˣֻɣǸոϻؼңɾô㣬̵ˮϳôݣҪŪһЩ飬һ仰ɣ㶮
ŲƬʱ䣬Ůӡ̡һ·䣬ڵġѾͷȥ֪ʲôݡ
ڰʹŮӽе
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ãŮԻЩɫ˵ðɣȻˣһоʹϴԼᣬ͸߰ʹϴȥ
ôȥһȥЦ˵
ôһ˵Ůŭ𣬲һΣŮȴǳӣֻҡҡͷ˵ÿΰʹϴʲôָʾáԪָʾҵġ
Ůôһ˵ӵǾЩЦʲô񰡹ģš
ȴ֪Ů飬νԪ񡱣ӦԼıʶ֮
ȴЩԾϣԼļ汦Ȼ˸Լһӵбʶ֮
ֻ΢Ծֲ֮ɵЩЦ֮£治УԼƾʲô͸Ҷ϶ֻ֮Լһӵ뷨ӦǾ֮֮
Ц֮Ů˵ĵȥʹɣģҲκġ
֪һñʶǾϣ˶߷Ϯߣû˿ĵֿ


770 װŪİϷ
ŮӿһԶĳŵǷģϾطҪûȥϵʹҲûܹߵóȥ
һ㣬ףԣŮӶĳŵȽϷġ
ϣŮӱһ˫ϣƽǰʳжָָɻγӡ֮ϣ˫Ŀ΢գ
سŵػŮߣκ
ֻŮӱƣԼ˰ʱ䣬ͻȻ۾߶һ䣺֡
Ůӻظɫ죬ʵô£
Ů̧ͷһ˵ûʲôٰػһ
ͷ˵ã
Ů΢һָɲǰƣٴԪһ
һΣŮӵġԪһʱ䣬ʱȴǾȣﲻס߶ţ֣ˡ
ٴʵô£
Ůɫ֮૵˵ҵԪ޷ϡ
㵽ва̲סеûҵǸʲôʹǸûʲôԪ񣬲еĻͱѧʲôװŪ
Ůӵݣһʱ̣ʹӸ߸ϵġ̡һףˡõ٣
Ҳˣˣ㰵Ը̣ҲֱӾ
㡭ŮŭĿԲŭбԼ
ӺٺٵЦҲʲôԪ񣬵ҲмȥѧЩװŪƭ˰Ϸߺߡ
ûĺȵӣ˵䣬ڴҶͷ㲻æҲˣ𷴵ҡ
ߺߵ˵磬ҲԪʲôĹȻҶǵͷõʵжװŪģҪ
Ůӷ˵ʲôװŪǰǰʹԪ΢һҵԪܸųϣɽ졭㣬ǲͣ£Ԫ޷ϣ
ŮȻ֮ӣĶɵһô˵ŮҲʹˣ
󷲱ʶԽǿҪ뿪ԼҲԽ㡣
һ򵽡Ԫϡ֮ʱʶ΢һΣǻͷɢ˼һ㣬ֱӦֱڣҲֻ˵Ӧ޷ﵽĵز
ⷴҲ֤Ůӵıʶʮ΢
٣ףŮӵıʶϣðʹǰȻ֪νһʲôŮӵıʶɳԼʶռ䶼ѣһ㣬ȴ
ɴǿԲ²⵽ŮӵܣԼܱʮСˣСֻǡСĵزöѣ͸̸ˡ
뵽ͻȻðһͷЦЦ˵֪ԪϵķӣôŪģǺǣǰиͷӣ˵˸أʺֻûʲôһֱûϵõ˵ĵ㲦Ҫָ㼸䣿
Ů̧ͷһԵЩм
һԣٺ١Ц˼˵Ҫ䵱ɽȥٲãҸǡüɶģ˵շСɣҲǳɣôаʲô
ŮӵıӶЩˣӡ̡ڵġаٶȣֱ߿ٶеһȡ
ŭ֮£ŮӾȻٴξӡͬɮ붨һ㣬߱ԼġԪ񡱳ϡ
ֻһΣǸŮ붨ʱʱȼĻ˵Ҳȼ㡣
ǣŮŪͷ󺹣ͷ۾ȴֻǿЦҡҡͷԪ޷ϣ
ȴӣŮ˵Ůӽ̽Ԫϵķӡ
Ĳ˼ӡ߸õˣǿҡͷѡ
ʱһߵͷ˼ѵѩͻȻһˤڵϡ
ŮӣҪԪ֮һ̷˵ѩߣѩ§ԼĻѩѩ
ѩЩᣬѵ۾նĿ૵˵˭ôһ𡭡
ѹ˵ѩһֱһġ
ѩնԴЩؽеôʲô벻ˡôʲô벻ˡ˭˭ҵͷʹ
һѩкͷʹĲ˼ϰԵȡ±ڱѰҩ
ֻǴϲŸسΪǻس̣𳵣˸ûüȥ׼ʲôʡ
Ĳ˼ĿſտҲı᲻һ˳
ƫƫѩͷʹԽԽʱȻһѽƿļţԴڵϴ
ȥѩѩƿȥæѩһƵòϡ
ѩһ˫ʹԴסļУҵͷʹҵͷ
ٴȥһץסѩܹѩڣϣܹѩʹ࣬Ŭȴ޷ѩʹࡣ
֪ѩʹ࣬Ҳȥʶռ䣬ҲΪˣҲֻѩʹ֣ȥȥѩ˼ռ䡣
ۿѩͷʹ಻ܸоѩʶͼ䣬ڲסʧ絶ʡ
˺һƬ̣ҧһԼûľ
ѩ§ǰȻĲ˼˵վվұ󣬱ңǿҡӸĲ˼Ȼ⻰ʲô˼Ǻԥվ󣬽߸硢áŮ˵ߣ˸ʵʵ
Իͷֻһۣ漴һֱͷϵǶͷȡѩͷϡ
ʵҲ֪ǲܹЧıѩ֪ⶥͷܹЧطŴ;ۼ˵ʶԲܹͷа˺
ѩʶռ⣬ԭҲԲԣ֮䣬Ҳֻôһ
ֻѩǶͷ֮η⡣
ѩԲۼǳ֮޴ټѩܱյĿռУıڼʹԼԴһңĲ˼硢ӡ߸硢ǸŮӣ˵ˣһԴŶ䣬ɫʹ
Һγʱ䲻̫ѩһʵܲסͷʹȻԾӣһͷײǽڡ
ţҪȥץѩʧȥͷ֮ǷӦ࣬ټѩ˻УγɼĶĤֱӴ̼ʹڳֹѩʱһ
ֻһ˲ĻѩѾ硱һһͷײǽϡ
ѩһ˲׹䵽ϣ̱΢΢鴤˼£㲻ٶ
˵ѩߣѩ§ڻߵĴѩѩ
Ĳ˼תҲ˵ѩߣһС㡭С㡭
ѩӡѩӡ


771 ͻ
ѩϢӦֻǻԹȥĲ˼һѩ̽ѩһ̽ѩıϢȻаյ˵
ɺǵĵһ䣺𡭡
һ䣬ԼЩĪһԼͰܹעѩڣְͷѩ˵Ĳ˼Ȼҽզж˵ʶžԵİգôһ䣬ԾЩࡣ
ѩԹȥǰ
һһȡڱȥʳĲ˼ˣһѩһѩĦѪ
ѩһ֮ŮţʼġԪ񡱳ϡ
߸ˣһ߽ű˴˵֣ĬĬ໥š
һΣŮӲŹûã˶ƺڽԪ񡱱ƵóϣҵʹֻǰʹϵŮӡ
ϵȴΪϤʶռ䣡
ԣŮһ˲֮ԵúЩʹࡣ
Ȼһ˲䣬߸˾Ȼһվˣһذףһ뵶ƬһŮŮӡ
߸ذֱֱͱŮӵĿڣõ뵶ƬŮӵľ
һ˲֮ͻȻӶڵϣҧһ鼦ȣĿ߸ˡ
ϱѩڵϣԱ߻Ĳ˼ڰѩĦҲֻĿ߸ذףꡱһŮӵĿڣҲֻͬĿĵƬŮӲϵĶ
߸߳ذ״̽ŮӵĿڣһذŮĿڻһתͲûֱӸŮӿƶǡ
֮£÷ŵʴ࣬ƬֻŮұ߲ϻһ£漴˵һߣĬĬؿŮӡ
߸ȻҲǳ£ͱŮһذҲγҲǼˣһ˺üֱ˵ߡ
ֱʱӲµһ鼦⣬еǡɱˡ
Ĳ˼Ҳһǡôɱˡ
Ϊʲôɱ
Ĳ˼˵ĺȽУ߸һŤͷɭɭĿӡĲ˼ˣѪѪģͷѪҰޡ
ֻ߸ֱӸ˲һ˲䣬һӡ
˵УҲһڻϣ߸˶ʶġ
ȻҲܴ򣬵Ҫ߸֣Ǿǲܵ顣
ѩվһɲǣ߸Ѿ˵ȫվߣӶûü֣ͱ߸罫һַֻŤĵƬѾŵӵĲϡ
⼸£䣬ʯһ㣬ȵǰ߸Ťӵֱĳȵ˺󡭡˺󣬶¡˫ֱͷϣ¡
ȵҪʲôǿҪˣҶһëҾԲŹǡ
߸ٴκȵ˺󣡶£˫ֱͷҪȻǵ汳
ۿĵƬѾӵĲϣɵĺһȵſʲôǺúõ˵
ӵĲϱƬţҶֻǴ˵Ҹԩ޳ģǸôҡ߸ҵĸ첲챻šˡ
߸ˣ̲סЦԩ޳𣬺ߺߡԭúúõģǣǣһ֣ͰǶˡԩ޳𲻹죬ҲǺû
ȷ߸û֮ǰڻſɹƭ£ȷңޱȣͨĳ˿ʶǵƭƭ֣ʶˣҲû취
Ϊ߸ֶθûᾪĴҪǵȷúúõġ
ƫƫһϳʶ߸һ˵ƭ֣ǵĺ£ʹ߸һӴҪȥı൱ѡ
˶ѣҲˣƫƫʶ࣬õвأþʹ֮޴пк٣ֻ˵ǲ죬ѾǺˡ
߸Цţȴҧгʹ˸˵˻£ĵƬӵĲϣȴ档
ȻǸֱйϵôҪȶǣǾˮˮǵã¶ǵĴ
߸Լӱ̲סʹһʱֹס˻ͷ
е죬ڲʱ򡭡
аգ־˫֣˵úúáãǲǣǵĴǳϾˣ˵ҪôǵҪʲô
߸翴һֿã˵ǸǳҵˣŮӵƭ˲˹Ļô꣬Ҳͻˣˣߺߡ˵ҪʲôҪһкǵˣȫɱҪ𡭡
ϵĵƬһžʱȴ߸˵Ǻαأ㿴ˣҵѣӣҲǸŮйϵĳ̶ֳ˵Ӧͬһߵѣ԰ɡ
ƨ߸ϵǼǿ˼֣εסֶȵʲôˣΪڵЩ궼׻ˣƨ˵ҪԼжһ첲ҪȻ̾ɱ
ֻǸŮӸһ㣬߸κ˶סӣҪЮԷ书ʣµӡĲ˼ˣҲȻ߸硢˻¡
ֻ߸ãվǲ̫˽ΪֻҪõĵƬӵĲϣܱƵж첲Է书
߸벻ô࣬޷ȡһʱ䣬ܣעұߵӣӵĲγһ֡
ֻԲôԼֱӵĸӡĲ˼ǰ¶ԣòͣظ߸˵ѰҡĻᡣ
߸ҪԼжһ첲ǿЦЦ˵߸磬Ҫе̫ˣ㿴ʲôûУôȥжԼһ첲Ҫæ
߸һЦȵã֡
ең
ûųȥʲôҵġ߸Цţһ˵һþӵֱһ̧
߸һ̧ӵֱۣӵ㲻ǰһ䣬ӱϵĵƬпڻ˹ȥ
ճ˵ʱӲϵĴѾĺϽƬ֮ڣڵѪҺͻʧɾ߸ǰֳΪѹõѪҺĳ
Ȼֻһգ֮䣬߸緢ֵһǳ龰ӵĲûѪҺȴһܹƣվţһܶ
ֻ߸ҲֻЩĳֻоǰиӰӻһΣ漴һգ߸ǰڣҲվȣ硱һˤڵذϡ


772 Ҳɹ
߸ˤڵذϣȴѾվߣһ߻Щľֱۣһǰڵϵ߸һţŭүֻ·ƭүү⣬һжүǵĴˣӵĵ
˵һ䣬ӱ߸һţһţ߸һ䣺ûǣúúõģûʰǣǲǲʱδˣҴүע⣬Ӧ֪Ӧˬ
Ӳסĺߴ߸йߣҲȥһãתߵŮߣȥ̽ŵŮӡ
Ӷ߸ߴһаƽϢһЩȭͷ׼ȥҴվóһ
ֻߵǰȴһˮͬСϪֱ䣬վһȭͷֻõǰ˻Σ˻ȥ
˵Ů˵ġӶݺݵ˵һ䣬漴תߵߣȥǸŮӡ
ŮؿȻذף˿ȴΪ߸ĽһѪϵĶҲһƬ졣
ùǣŮȻˣɻڲͣ䶯ľӦŮӵʶռ滹Űʹֽȥʶ⻹һ㣬Ů˿ѪȻΪŨͬһԼĽˮ
̽̽ŮӵıϢɵ΢΢̾һ
̾һôһõġ
ŮӵأϳȵģҲиҡ
߸硢õ˵Ļ棬Ҳǿܹ²óŮӣȻƯòɷ֮£ȴڲһźݶġ
ˣҲԸȥȡȻ֮˭ұ֤ȥˣ
˵ˣʱ򣬰ʹѾ֣ŰʹҲʱпܳǰȻܣһ֮£ӡĲ˼ֳʲô״
Ҳ̾һһֻ֣Ůϣֻһ˿Ϊ΢ܣעŮӵڡ
ֻܵоһɼΪᣬȴǿѸٵĴŮˣһգۼ䣬ʧӰ١
ӣǹɼһֱֻİʹ
ŮڣУ΢΢ＸԺԹȥ
ҲѹŮӼҪԪϡʼȴûܳɹֱΪ̫Եˡ
ʹǹŮˣŮҲѹֻϵ˺ʹŮ΢΢һ죬ͬԼĽˮһѪҺ˳
ҲΪŮӵѪҺԼʱ򣬾ȻǿάעһϢ
ʱѾȥŮӵ״ˣһЩܣҲֻм仰Ҫ
ôȥһ仰Ҳĵ顣
֮ҲƣŮףѾûлȥĿܣ죬ǼѵĴȡ͡
˵֣Ů³һ綹ԵѪ飬³Ѫ飬ŮֲסĿ
ץץԴȰʹʲô˼
Ůһ߿ԣһߴҡ޷ƿĽơֻܵȰʹ
ȻֻܵȴʹĽֹȻϾȥ
ô£ڤʲôϵٴԼĵ⡣
ŮӿɬһЦǿãһѪ³ǿ˵ֻǰʹһߣеһУ˰ʹԣõ
ŮӼһһ٣ϿԵ˵ô࣬ҲȥѾǵƿͽߡ
ֻŮһĿһһ䣬һ߿һ˵ȷǸѵõ˲ţĸǣʹмԨԴӽԺͽҵݣΪʹʹߡ
˸Ц˵ʹʹߣǺǣ㵱Ҷʲôˡ
ŮҲƽӵĴǼѵ˵ŮǰʹѡеˣʹҲرֻҪǸ˰ʹͻǰ;
ǰ;ٺ١ӲмЦøǰ;˰ʹϴǾܹ߸ǣڻȥչͼ԰ɣߺߡ
Ůһǿסԣþȫ˵㣬ͷҽԪϣϵʹķӡ
Цһ£ԪϡķӣŮ֪ٱҪỤ̊
ŮѾֻһķϣ˳ӵİͷ˹ȥ
Ů˵ЩʲôϰԪܵķӣȻõķӲ֪ͼ˺ö౶ǵżʱķӶҪͼַӣȻǲмһˡ
ǲʱĵͷʾԼסˣ
һζķܣһﵹֻ䣬©һ֡
⵹ҪȥǸʹʲôʹߣԪϡĸ֣Ŷͦˣƾ֪жԣȻϷŹһһ䡣
˺һŮӲŰһ׵Ԫϡ˵ֻ꣬ǣŮ˵ⷨӣֵ۾һ˵ңʹǿġܸһҪġ
˵ŮһҲȻֹ
̾ϢһŮӵ۾
ӵŮԪϡķӣֿһ۽ȥǸŮӣҡҡͷЦһתͷȥһȥŮ̵ķӣȥġԪϡ
̾ϢһתȥĲ˼ߣȥչѩ
ֻĲ˼翴ʵΪʲô
ѩЦ˵ϴҪǿԾȵĻǾԲԹ۵ġ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ׷ȥȻŮӣĲ˼㹻㹻ҪɣԲŻ᲻ʩԮ֣ȥҲûʲô˼ˡ
Ĳ˼תͷ˿ڵ߸磬дվŵã̲סʵˣô
߸ˣҲ׼񣬶Ĳ˼뷨ǾͱǰĳƽܵӦеĳͷƲá
ҡҡͷڰʹڼʱƱһս˭оȥ
˼Ĳ˼Ҳֻõ˵ͷ
ŮӸ͸¶ϢʹĿֲ²ֹһͷ꣬Ҫһˡһܣճ̶ȣ֪
һ˵һ߽ȡŵһߣϸǬѲһ飬ҪҳֵļһԱʹӵʱ
ϲɽùЩͱһɶҪˣҲϲ˻𳵣ڣ˸׳죬ҲֻҳһѲص
룬ѲصݵĲ˼ŷ
Ůϵǰذȡ˳õߣһǰذ׶ǰ
ӣܱܲȥЩûǵĴûϵ飬𣿡
̧ͷٺ١Ц磬ɱ˵̵ⷨӣЩЧٺ٣ҸոաովͲɹˡ


773 صյף1
ŮӽڵġԪϡ֮᲻ЧúܣҪǷȥⱲ¶ûָˡ
ԣ˵ողͳɹˣֻǵһЦȥӼƽϣһڣȥˡ
ôڣذףӵǺˬļȻڱ棬Աʱ֮衣
պذ֮棬ȥϰǡԪϡ֮Щϧȥø߸ˡ
߸类һᣬʱ򣬻ڵǴվǸطһ
߸һ˫۾Ѫ죬޲ֱӽ̻ˡ
Ŀ߸磬ȴǰ̾Ϣһ߸ˣȻĺֶûأһ㣬ͦ͵ġ
Ϊ߸һˣ֪޻·ܹЯͬһ㣬ǱȽϲ׵ġ
߸ѡĲǶ˰ε򣬾ն߸硢֮ҲȥҲ˵ѣ˸Ҳδزͬ۹á
ϧǣ߸ƫĸԣѵĽһ˲һøҲûˡ
ˣһвȻвǾǵжԣûֱжԵвֻǲмֻǲмѡ
̾ϢһȴǱ䡢мĻص߸һۣȻͷߵĲ˼ѩߣ漴ȥ
ʱָֻһƬ
ѩûʲôתǻţĲ˼ѩĦĵˣͣ
ķӣЧôãĲ˼ʵ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷŮӵķӣ޷ҲǴ֣ԼոտǵżʱķӶҪͼ˲֪ٱ˵ȷǺ壬ЧҲС
ֻĲ˼ȴ˵ҵ˼˵ڱ߲ȥҲûܹ֧ŵ̫ãӦʲô
ģԼһ˰ȥѰǽϵ緭һѲصְ߸ذ׵ݸΪԼһֱٽҲʵûʲôˡ
Ĳ˼絭һЦûûȣֻ¼ֲʱ䣬һģͻȫʧȥֿ룬Ȼٶʹͷķӣ㽫ʹǻԸһ
Ĳ˼˵ģҲ޵ʹΣʹӦʮ˽⡣
ԼȴʹԼʧȥȻҲΪء
ͬĲ˼˵ȵԼһȫû˻֮ʹٲŷеˣ񲻶ɰʹ׸⣡
˵ͷ˵ϴҲˣ˵ǷܲܽʹǷӣʹõʱ򣬶Σա
Ĳ˼˼ֻ̰֮ЩģһŮӽڵķӣ˾ͻúԱĵǣһ뵽Ա״̬֮УͻȻ״ֻĲ˼ˣܲӦù
ŮӺܶ౶ȴһֱûȥôԭ򣬱ǻ˵ģԲŲ׶ԼıʶȥҰʹ
Ĳ˼̾һص˵زҶǸһҲûʲôźˡ
΢΢һ˵ðɣȻϴô룬Ҿԡ
˵ţٴܣ׵׽ø߸˵ֽŽֹסʡԼֻ֪Դ󷢣ûĲ˼˲
ϾѩԲѣû˵ֿԼ붨ȥʣµľֻĲ˼ˡ
£Ĳ˼ѩǰ棬תͷĲ˼˵ͷ˵ҾͿʼˡ
Ĳ˼硰šһĲصյø
漴һʼԪһʱıʶݳ壬Ʈ档
ıʶֻ΢Ƭ̣ойʮǿԼıʶݳӡ
һӣʱһԼѾһͥԺ֮С
ֻͥԺ֮䣬һźɫâ֮У֮еͤ¥̨µţӺݻ
ԼĲ˼ӡѩ𡢳ֵˣϲɽصǸؾ֮Уһ𵽹Ǵ֮еͥԺ
Ҳ˵ϲɽصؾٹ֮⣬Ȼֱͨͨ
׹νġʹȻؾĠ꣬ĪĹϵҲϣΪʲôûϢġ
סǴͥԺ֮УſĻһ෿ģסݣҲͼס˻ȥʱͨ
ֻǻûнһĶһߴһͳ˵ӦǸ˼¥ԣֻԼԼȴ˵Щʲô
ȴó˵
ıʶƹݣһСԺӣһȴˡĳָȪˣ
ʱָȪüţǸʵѶԸúܣ磬Բ𡭡
Ȫüͷ˵Ӻ·ʼһ·϶˵£һֱﻹ˵ţ㷳
ֺǾɥ˵ңô뷽跨ûСӣûܰѺȥʵܡ
Ȫһ˵֣˵ˣ㲻Ҫôڣǻĳ·
˵ţȪ̾ϢһôãȴʼҲڤڣʵڲ֪ڤݵǲĴڣ
ڤݣǻбİ취𣿡ֿɥʵ
Ȫ𣬵ϵɫԵĸ֣߳ڤݣҲûİ취ˡ
Щ֣˵ڤݣмصĿ˥أ˵ҪΪ츣ࡣ
ǣӳֵڤݶԳûϢˣҪ
˹ˣѵ˵һʼ϶ҲңĲ֣ξԮĵĶ
ôڤݣʲôã
Ȫһߣһ˵ôǶҵڤݣǶش绹ԼŶи
˵ţȪ˻ȣһ¶š
һ·һ߿˼鱳ܣϢҲŽ¶档
¶棬Ȼһ԰һССĳɽԼһЩľ⻹мͤ
ܵ˵طʮ£ʱĺ֣ҲԵ
ȪСϣڻһ·ѰȥӣѰڤݡ
ıʶ˺棬Ҳһ·ȥ滨ݣǼ٣⻨԰Ҳڤݵټ
ָȪһ飬һһҡͷ̾Ϣ
ֻҡͷ̾Ϣ֮ʣֻѽһƺľתʹӳָȪߵһС¥淢ġ
֮УͻȻôһǰѳָȪһ
̴ϰγһذף߬ȪҲһ˲һĿ
طûз磬ԲΪ紵ľţȻ֮⣬ֵ֪ģҲͽֻѩǡô
Ҳ˵⡰ѽһľŵѩǣֻР
ѩҲãǠҲãǳָȪ˵ĵˣ


774 صյף2
ָȪһǰһСѭ˹ȥ
˸¥ǰָȪ˲ɵĿɿڴﱻܳŮӣվǰ
ĻŵŮӣ
ҲǳһǿĵڶŵŮӣƫƫһŮӣһּĸо
ŮӼȪˣ΢΢һЦȴ˵ֻ֣תͷ߽¥
ָȪˣãЩľȻĶһۣ׼Ůӽ뵽¥ȥ
ָȪ˲䵽˸¥ſڣȻоҲǸ˽ȥ
¥棬¥ȻסһλŮӣļ˽ȻºɸͥԺһûʲôʼնĸо
Ůӽ¥ߵһԲϣЦеĿųָȪˡ
ǴһɴţֻģģĿƺһˡ
ֿŮӣ̲סһʵ˭
Ȫȴһ䣺ڤʲôط
⣬ҲҪʵģΪֹһģһŮӣѾ˳ʮ˭˵ǵǡʲô
⣬þĵط˼߹˴󲿷ֵطȴʼûڤݣôڤݵʲôط
ʵģһ⣺ڤݣʲôã
ֻŮӲָָֻ̧㴲
ȪٴζһۣȻҲŮӲ£Ȫſ̤ǰߵߣһ֣ÿڴϵɴʡ
˭ֻ֪һɴʵһǣȪ㾪ķһУҲվڴߡ
͸ȪõɴʣҲķ֣ŵģǱһӸסֻ¶ԴԼǷƿһģһ֮ĠԴҲ߸ǸŮ˵ġʹ
ںȪһ֮䣬ԲϵǸŮͻȻ֣ѺȪϵİʹ
ȪȻ֣뺷׳Ŀɿڴ⧲֮£ŮƵֱڰʹϡ
һɲ֮䣬Ȫʹͬһɾ޴ʹúȪͬһڶϣúȪϵƬƬ䡣
һ˲֮䣬ֱذֱŮӣŮȻһЦҲζ˴ʣƿ
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ʹʱȪԵҪӺȪϵõһЩпܰȪľѪ⡣
ȪȻ񶫲ͬ࣬ҲǸ˳ȫϵǱֵģ±𣬵ȴûԹԼĻƾһ㣬ԳָȪżĺøС
οʱʹһӺȪϻȡҪĶ˵в֮󣬾Բ
ԣıʶһɲ֮䣬ڴϸʹ
ʱڴϵİʹȫȡȪľ֮ϣȻ˵ҲǴֲ
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ֻ֪ʹϮ֮ʣȫԸʶֱ뵽ʹǿųªԴ档
һʹʶռ䣬ŷ֣ʹʶռ䣬ͨǿ࣬ĸѩǡˣҲûʲô
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ȪǺεһѣҲǷ𷴹ϵĿһӣֱӶʹǿԴ
ǺȪո𿳵ȴȥյ⣬һУ㿳ȥˡ
ֶԸŮӣԭЩϾŮҲǳˣԳЩУֻڽ֮ʣŮȴǳһ˳ֱ֣˺ȪӺȪȥסȪ⡣
Ȫõĺ֣һֵףĿֱͱŮӵߡ
ŮźȪĺ󱳣תӣܿȪĵ˳⣬ںȪһײͼȪٴײʹ
ʱĺȪϥӲŮһ⣬ͬһ㣬ƹ䣬ֱŮߡ
ʱҲ˵ذŮӵͷ¡
Ůӵ΢΢һתֵܿذף˳ƽֵذȪ
ֻŮӶԺȪѹԼȪѾת˹
ҶԸȪһ
ڵȪͿˣŮҲҪסʹ˺úȪܹõŮӣضܴϵİʹƣܽʹȪ֣ҲδػŮӵĶ֡
ԣȪֻܷܲԸŮӣϣܹԼʹɵ
ָȪ˷ǳĬȪһУֱѾ׺Ȫͼһذףͬһ㣬ˢˢ£ŮӵıƵõһͿ˴βϡ
ȪһĿ̡ͬ꣬һգ֮͵ݳʮ൶ÿһŮϵҪк
Ȫĵ죬ȻŮԵļһȪʽһһܿǰһڴǰƾȪ˿һĹŮȴ֮ͬеΡȻ
ȫ˼龰淢Ҫǲܽϵİʹɵض˵ɥ֮ԣԽƴ
ֻǣȪ˲֪ǣʱ򣬰ʹѾֳ󲿷־Ըʶռ
ʹʶıʶǿ˲֪ٱֻһɲ֮䣬㽫ıʶȫ
ֳֻϣȻʹȫҲţֻǾȥתհʹʶ
ʹ˼ת˼̷ſۼһţûɱģ
Ȼڰʹʶռ棬ǰʹûɱ壬ʵ壬жݳ̶ȳʬꡣ
ıʶһʱ֮䣬ȻЩмܣּغϣƵˡ
Σ֮£ıʶֻʩչõļڰʹʶռ
֮Ҫ޷ҪʱȺᣬڣȪʹƵŮӶݱֻҪԼܹǣסʹ󲿷ֵ;ȵȪ˵֣ʱʹ㲻԰ܡ
ֻڰʹʶռ涫㣬Ȫ˶ԸŮȴҲЩ
ϾŮӷͬˣܵʹĿƣѾ˺Ȫˡ
ֻʱȪ˶ѾۣĿذףǲҪŮк
غֺۣһȻһк˵һֽŮӱסŮһ֣һڳֵĺϣʱóѪ硣
ֻǳѪȴֻŮӱס˿Ҳ֡
ŮӱıţֻһȪѾ˴ǰ䣬һϰʹ


775 صյף3
ŮӴһڳֵͷһƣֶʱѪۿǻˣɳƫƫرŮӣͬһ㣬Ů㵹
ҲƴһƴһֻΪȪȡһɲǵʱ䣬úȪܹϰʹһ
ƾźȪĵֻҪһԽʹԴи
ֻǺȪϢţܵǰһȥ֮ʣŮѾӲִֵĹһֻƣͬУֱӴȪĺ󱳣漴һ
ȪһȥԭӦһеʹԴģǱŮһĵȥҲͽֻʹĲпߡ
һ̣ŮӷһͬУͬܵĴһ㣬ӶʱЩˡ
Ȫĺͷһ๾죬һϾȻǷЦ⣬һٴζŰʹ忳һ
һӲʹİԴŮӶʱȥԼԴƵĿ
ȪڴߣȪƵðŷڵѪȴǿЦŵɫǰѿһһȥ
ֻǺȪ봲ϵİʹһξ룬ÿһȥܹҲֻǰʹİ塢ֱۣңһһȪͣµʹһϵֱۣĵܲ
ʱǸŮӴһֱۣȴһְֻһߵԴסİʱ̱ڵϡ
ڰʹʶռͻסӴܣֻûã㷢ǻûɰѴıģңҲԽԽ
֪ȪѾˣȻ֪ȫεֵģףԼҪʹˮ˲ǳİʹ򵽻ҷ
ʱʹȻԽԽվΪǿޱȣԽԽҲıʶҪǿǲֵУԣֻ־ڰʹʶռǱͻأ
ֻǰʹʶռȴԽԽήҲԽԽԵǰʹڽʧȥʶ
ʹʧȥʶԽ࣬γɵı壬ҲҲټҲҲʹ
˴˻ᣬһ߶ܰʹ壬һʹʶռȥ
ȻʹʶǱʶضණǶõģɲԸᡣ
һ󱼴ܣ˰ʹǱʶռı߽磬ֻû뵽ǣʹǱʶ߽磬ȳ˵Ǳʶռ仹Ҫ֪ΪȪǵֵԵʣԭˣʹױ㴩˽ȥ
һʹǱʶռ棬Ȼ֣Ķ࣬ҺЩܿöģֻмٲ֡
бͬʶռӰһӰ񣬾ȻһȺſ׵ֳйס׷ɱʹ
Ⱥſ׵ˣӦǧǰ࣬бù˫񹭣˫񹭵ˣÿһðʹϻ
˫񹭵һģԣóʹǱʶ˫񹭼ǿ־壬⻹е龰ǣʹסЩϵľ嶼ȡɾ
ǰȥȻְʹǱʶȻڤݵټңְʹڤݵĿ־壬ԶԶʤ˫񹭣ڤֱӸʹ󣬴ðʹܿΡ
Щԭʹʮֺڤݣ
ѵ˵ѰڤݵĿģֻΪʲô˥أΪ˶Ըʹ𵽵ΪʲôҪԸʹ
˺һҲǰ˼⣬պܻܿΪԼ֮Ѻۣһȥյס
̾һҪٿȥǰʹʱѾȽҲڹ˲ȥ׷ڤݵ顣
Ҫһ£Աʹʹϵʱٶ֣ǣʱʹȻټǿһЩ
һЩԼֻһζų˸ȪѾ֣ʹҲͻͨһ㣬ȥ㻹бʶ棬Ҳʧ
ǿڵΣʹȻĻָɰһһʹָԼ·һ
ˣѷʹһ
ʹ֮ʣסĸе޴𵴣⵱ȻΪʹʶռֺܵʹıܵҵĴ̼Ҳס
ֻһʹ˾㶼һ
ɴ޻ٵһ𣬶ƴȫľһƴȥ˺ԷɶԷͬԷ
ֻǰʹܵС˺ԴȪһ飬˺֮£ʹҪ˼Żָ壬ҪƴȻıʶǿ󣬵ȴֻܸıʶಮ١
ıʶɡͬһݰʹԼǿһ֣ʹȻܹͬͬıʶȴҪֳһȥָ塣
һûãʹ࣬ıʶ͸ǿʹıʶҲʵ壬ӰʹͬӰʹʶռ䣬ɰʹʶ
ʹ֮£̱ȥĻᱻԼʶռһңңͬҲֻ֮顣
鼱֮£ʹʱָԼı壬е͵ֻܹƾһֱӴûҷ
ǣȻڰʹʶռ棬ıʶȴһ壬ʹȴ޷֪ʲô뷨һֱֻܱǣűת
ڰʹʶռ棬ʹʲôͷȻ֪ģȻ֪ʹͼʹᡣ
ʹԽǺʶռȻԽǲʹӲӲֻһЩ龰Ӱ֮䴩ܰʹǿ壬һ˳ִƻʹǱʶռЩ龰Ӱ
ʹðʹԽԽһ֮£棬ҲǺ޹˼ɵĺֱײ
һײĻֻǺСһ֣ǰʹԼΪӴֱ֮ǻأе龰Ӱ񣬳ײһͿ
ƫƫԽˣʹ׷ʱ򣬷ԽǷͬʶɢҵһ㣬ֻǽӽıܣȻӴж񣬵ȴʧȥȷĿġ
ڰʹı֮£ʵ޷ʹӴֻܲסˣ֡ˡһкǧʱȻʹȳʶռ䡣
ֻıʶһʹʶռ䣬Ҳû룬ֽʹǻڲס鴤սı壬һ¡
һȥֹǧٽֻһ˲䣬ʹ㱻÷ǣֻʣһªȱһͷǵԴ
ˣҲҾʹ˰֣һ֣ٴǿԴȻһ֮󣬰ʹԴҲɷ׷ɵ顣
ȻŰʹȫɢ׷ɣֻоռҲζѸٵļֱʧϵǸҰ׵̫Ҳҡҡ׹
ıʶܡľȫѸٵ̮ʧͬһܹһеĺڶ⴦ͥԺ棬ǿϵǿ̫Ҳܹɡ
֪һУϾͻʧʹûϢˣصڤݣꡢԼĶȵһУ֮ΪһԶܡ


776 ۻ
֮Ĳ˼硢ӣԼɻԲѵѩصͭǱ
ļҽԺ֮ûаѩҽԺΪĲ˼硢ӵ˶֪Ŀǰ˵ûκһҽԺܹѩֲ
ԣѩԼı棬ԼһЩҪ豸õĻԱʮСʱϻѩ
죬Ǽҿ˹ѩָ֮˵׼Ҽܹưٲ˹ģǺ룬޲ߣˣ˳ΰٲҲͷѣûҪ
ס죬Ǽҿ˻ȥ˵ѩæչţܷġ
Ǽҿ֮ӱǼҿʹһ٣ԼãزҲǹһۣȻƨˣڼСõ˸ð⣬統á
ţûȥֹӣֻףǼҿʵҲǳΣǼҿλõĻģҲǼҿһֻһۡ
ѩġҩܹƵúõģȻԽϾϣź
֮һֱæѰҸָܹѩķϵ飬ȥʡ
һ⼸ȴôҲûţ֮󣬳żɣϼѩ֮⣬ʱ棬ѧЩͨļ
ȻˣɣϼĶ֮£ӵҲɣϼĶ١
Ĳ˼صĲ֮󣬺óһʱҲûӰ֪æЩʲôæѩ飬ٿȻͽĲ˼˹ȥ
ҲֻǼʱ䡣
ֱһ죬Ĳ˼ЦݵĴı棬ɣк֮󣬾ֱӴ鷿˵ֱӾͽק˳
˱Ĳ˼ĳӣĲ˼Ÿ֪Ĳ˼عںãѩڴϣֲ˲࣬Ĳ˼ŷĲ١
⻰˵ãЩŭ⣬ѩֲһ㣬Ĳ˼ֻ
ŭ֮£һſڣ˿Ĳ˼ٿ鹤Ǯ֣صľĲ˼Ҫ̬˵Ļֱˣˡ
ŭѣĲ˼Ͻһ߿һЦ˵Բ治Ǹ˼
ĿĲ˼Ҳ˵ɫװͰ͵ģͲ̾͸Ĳ˼ˣĲ˼ﶼЩġ
˺һĲ˼Ź˵Ҵˣǲô˵ǣ˵̫ˡ
û˵꣬Ĳ˼ٴתͷһۣŸϽ˵үү˵ǻˣصصһۣûڣҹ㣬˵һٷ
˵Ĳ˼Сࣺ㻹Ƕ۵ҵĹʰɣҪȻ﷢š
û˵ҲĹʣѵҪӹʰ˵ңʲô£
˵Ĳ˼һ죬˺þãŴȥ˲֪ˣ
ϸһĲ˼ɫ˵ͣ
㡭Ĳ˼Ͻʵ𣿡
㲻˵ҾͲȥˣ˼ҵҾ㲻֪жæ۾ŭ㡭Ĳ˼һߴỵ̂һЩ״ε˵㡭Ҹ˵ôˣǵģҸ˵ɣ죬Ұְ֡үүүүͭǴƳԷүүҪһЩ飬ʲô飬ҿ治֪
ʦƽ̸飬ȴЩˣʲôҪʡ
ţҲȥĲ˼
ͭǴƵ꣬Ĳ˼ոͣ³ӣû뵽Ĳ˼ƵĴһۿʱҺ졣
첻Ĳ˼磬ٴοķնʱ࣬ǰĲ˼˸кһ䣺ϴ⼸죬㶼Ƕȥˣô绰Ҳ򣿡
Ĳ˼㻹ңҶ˺üٸ绰нӹô
Ҵ绰Щ֣漴Цҡҡͷ⼸춼æѩ飬绰ԼӵĸȥˣԼ֪
Ĳ˼΢΢ЦЦ˵֪æҲû˼ôŸʲô߰ɣǶȼˡ
Ĳ˼ûߵĲ˼һһʵ˼磬ҵʲô£֪𣿡
Ĳ˼תͷһЦҸʲôϣ㲻֪ˣ
ǿЦЦ˵ǣҾи˼׼õʱһֻ֪æҵģǸ㶪ˣ
Ĳ˼ϸһ죬ϸֻһͦͨзҲƽϲ˶ЬҶʲôƣĲ˼粻ɵ΢΢üͷ漴ȴչһЦ
˿Լϣ̲ס˵˹ˣǽôô֣
Ĳ˼粻ֻһЦ漴תͷǰ·
ʱĲ˼ǵİ䡣
һţû˵վļһģЦ˵üһϴμʱЩӾ׳ЩǺǣͽˡ
£ʵҲֻһӣн죬ȴǾӹΰԣ˵ʲôʲôеرУɣ轫Լ§ڻһ׵ĸо
ϺãЩĸк
Цţ˵ңﻹĲүүǣɲǡ
ЦЦӦһǡ
ģΪϤĲԶɽĲ۾֮⣬һĲ۾£ȴĲ˼ǽãмֲݵĸŮȥ²⣬֪⸾Ů϶Ĳ˼衣
ϸϸҲͭǴƵ棬Ĳ˼軹ģҲڵһμĲ˼ʱ
ǸʱĲ˼϶ǲὫһϴ÷ף·ƶѧϵġ
ԣĲԶɽһĲүү֮ȥĲ۾򸾴кĲ۾һվ
Ĳ۾⣬ϵĸƣҲǰǸ⣬Ĳ۾ҲǺܺ졣
СáûڣĲ۾ʺˡ
΢΢Цţ˵ͷӦĲã
ĻشǼ򵥣ƽͨ彡֮ĻҲûȥ˵
ǰĲ۾״ǺܺãಡһֱĲ۾ۿһغ֮ʣȴĪĺ˹ˡ
˲ףĲ۾Լȴ᲻֪ô£е˶ԼһҲ˵ġ
ǡǡҲΪĲ۾棬žڲʲô֮ĻĲ۾Լڰʾʲô
ֻĲ۾Ҳ΢΢һЦ漴ָָߵǸŮ˵С˼裬ģҸ˵
Ȼ֪Ĳ˼ʲôǺòĽһ̺ã
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵СãվŰ
Ĳ˼ߣЩյĿ⵹Щͷԡôָˣ


777 磨1
ͷԵģĲ˼ճ£òỹ衮°̡ɡ
ζĲ˼⻰ܾãͻȻৡ糺׼ȷ˵ӦһѪֱš
ĵĲ˼һۣѾͷ㻹վ˵
Ĳ˼ȴһЦվһֲô
ȴǺǺǵЦ˵ĲѾͷ飬ҲǺ¶ĥɣ£ү˵
ˣĲԶɽ˵СǰأЩĲòãϣͱȥƽˣǺǣпգһ˺úõؾһۡ
Ĳ۾ȴЦúЩǿ˵СʵҲкܶ໰̸̸
˵Ĳ壬лֱ˵
Ĳ۾˵ͷ˵ʵأҲˣ˼裬һֱǺܺãҴȥŷһˣһʱ䣬˳Ҳɢɢġ
ѿ˵°岻ã
㻹ôˣĲ˼ݺݵصһۡ
һ죬Ͻ죬ֳϣĲ˼κ綼Ƕġ
һߡǺǡֻЦĲԶɽҲЦЦĿ
Ĳ۾һż˵ʵҲûʲôˣҲһЩ²ﷳƣҪ˻ȥQһȦ
˵ͷ˵˵ŷ޵ĻȷɢĽƵĺõطǺ°ҾԤףĲһ·˳磬;졣
ľͷĲ˼һ䡣
ĵǵĲ˼һۣѾͷ˵ء
Ĳ۾ɬɬЦЦ˵СҲ֪ϵ̵̯е󣬵ܵ˵ʵҲǺ鷳ԣһʱ䣬Сæҹҵ
Ĳǡ
ǺǵЦɵСӣʲô˼
ʱסڲ˵
ʵ¶Ĳ˼ǰ˵Ǽ¡Ĳ˼ļʽ棬ȷĲ˼Ĺϵ
ԭһֱ£ֻǺʱ˲ӣּĲ۾ٳԣҲһֱϵڡ
ҪǷŵһ£ǶʮǰҲϲ
ǣ˽죬ȴһһֱԲѵѩ
Ĳ˼硢ԼĲ۾ĲԶɽôѩ飬ǴӵԾܽѩ֮ˡ
ǣ͸ڶԴ조סЩԥ
Ĳ۾˼ףҲǺףȻף͵õĲҵһЩӣĳ̶ֳ˵ҲΪ·ڰŹţԺǾĲҵĽӰˣˣ
ȴҪ۵ģ٣ʹֻӹܼţȴǲȫȫȥչѩѩ
νƲɼã
Ȼʲô٣ѩӣеģȴǡǡʽƵ⡣
һʱ֮䲻˵Ĳ˼̲ס㵹˵仰
ҲǺǺǵЦС˼Ѿͷѻ˵ˣѵ㻹ýģֱϲƣǺǡǸɵСӡʲô飬ҲԹ˽˵
ȻǿЦȴ˵ĺ棬ýԭĲ˼õģĲ¶Ĭ˵顣
ǣ飬֮£ȴԵЩԥŪҶ²̨
Ĭ˺һҪ˵û뵽һԳԵЦĲ˼קŷΰ˽
һĲ˼ΰˣʱЩεЦЦ˼Ѿͷ
Ĳ۾Ҳüͷ͵͵ĺȵ˼ôҲˡ
һĲ˼Ȼƽ˼㲣ֻǿĲ˼ΰˣĬȻ
Ĳ˼Ľһүүáүү֡衭
Ĳ˼ֻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷǴк
ΰЩͷһ˫ûƵģĲ˼󣬸ĲԶɽĲ۾ԼĺĲ˼˸к˺á
Ĳ۾˵Ĳ˼קŷΰԱߵĿλ漴ЦЦʵ裬춼ЩʲôˣмΰԵĴբзСϺ𣿡
ֻǶĿĲ˼ĬȻ
ȻĶĲ˼ڵ̬ȺΪЩȴֲǰĲ˼
Ĳ۾Ǻһ˵˼صҽкҪ飬Ҫ㡭С̸
Ĳ˼һͷƤ˵̸֣ҲӰǾǣҲмҪ飬ý˵˵
Ĳ˼ʱⷽΰһģǺҪ飬û˲֪ȴûԸȥͱǲ㴰ֽ
Ĳ۾Ȼ֪ǳ˵ССͣʲôҪ飬УҲ˵ؼȥ˵
Ĳ˼ϵϣں˵֣ʵ飬ҲǹϵҸ飬ԣýүү֡үүڳʽҸΰԺǡǡ
ĻĲ˼վû˵ȴתͷȥ򷽼ΰʾһ¡
ΰϽվǹɵĳĲԶɽĲ۾ͳģԼĲ˼˰һ顣
үүүү֡衭㡭򡭡
һˣΰһһ
ֻ⼸ƺԭĲ۾˼ϣгģȴΰôһУĲ۾˶ʱһѪӶ͸ˡ
ãĲԶɽų˵С㲻ǿЦɣǡ
Ĳ۾ŭ֣Ŷͣʲô
Ĳ˼ȴܲˣŷΰֱۣ˵ʲô֣ʹôǸһҶʮˣ˵ֻǸΰȷϵѣǾСȴҽҪ޸һĴˣȴͲСˣʲô
˼˵Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ȵ
ȴӱϣһᣬһ˵Ҳãû̺ܽŮ
һúõġס磬ûʼϲˣʱѾԵĸˡ
Ĳ۾ŭǣǸҳȥ
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵֣ҲòҸΰߣһߵģһҪ˵ףȥŷޣչ˲ǼţҸΰҲȥʡԺĲŵĲҵ䵽ҽһ
˼˵ʲôĲ˼е
죡Ĳ۾ŭɽߵĺȵҳȥȥôôŮ
ߡĲ˼һȴȻ˵ǰô̯һôİְ֣ϲΰΰҲϲңдôأʲô鶼ֻչҽ㣬ĲҵҲֻҽ㡢ѧϰĻᶼƾʲôİְ֣ƾʲôҪļͥ
ƫƫΰʱȻ˵˼֡Ǵ飬Ȼǵĵ㲻ô˵֡ǡ


778 磨2
һֱϵϣһ˸⣬漴վһЦ˵ǻǱˣĲ壬͵ȷС˼飬Ҳһʱ⣬ĲϣĲ㻹ѡɣǺǡ
С㡭֮䣬ĲԶɽĲ۾һȵ
ȴĲ˼վı§ųĵļ򣬵Ȱοųġ
ЦЦ۾ɨеֺǺǵЦ˵Բˡ
Ĳ˼ȴһ˵òʵģٵĿǰΪֹ㻹ĽҰְҲûЩŽ㣬ߺߡ˭֪ô˵һתʹʲôıơ
̹ȻһЦ˵ȻһԾŶ˵ĻҲ̻ģҲãүүĲүүǰҾͱ̬Ҷ˼⣬Զı䣬˵ĲҵĲҵǺǣ䵽Щҵ֮ģǴҶԷһٶʮġ
ƽ棬ÿһȴ˵ĲԶɽסԵͷĲ۾Ĵľ
ã˵磬۾ǽֻ˵˵С˼Ѿͷ飬Ǻǣ飬˵ˣ߯ף»¡
ĲԶɽĲ۾˵һЦ˵ˣҸ˼֮飬ҵԶҲı䣬ǽһҪҲһ֡衯ԺҪǷʲʲôҿɾͶԲˡ
Ĳ˼ʹСȻ쵱Ŵҵ棬ѻ˵ˣҲҪĲ۾ʱסˣȷڱ֮ӡ
˵ˣҲѻ˵ĺףĲ˼⣬Զı䣬ⱾѾ˵ˣѡ֡衱ֽгȷʱˡ
ĲԶɽ˿Ĳ˼ΰˣֿ˿Ĳ˼ˣɵص̾һ
ĲԶɽ˵ôһˣڽϣܹ׶׿ڽһүүǡĲүүһ˵ԸǣԸһӾͱĲ˼ˡ
ۿǲˣĲԶɽʧһϣҧŭĲ۾ģĺŮߣۣ
Ĳ۾ͷֱתͷŭĵһۻĳһۣ㣬ƽúõḶ́ܽ㶼Щʲô
Ĳ˼Ц˵裬ƽûúõĹܽңأְֵأҶܻǲŮ
ΰĲ˼Ȱ˼ڰ֡ǰ̫ˣʲôܺúõ˵أҪ˵ҿҪˡ
ΰôһ˵Ĳ˼ŸϽ͡
Цҡҡͷ˵ϡĲүүĲ塢̣һЩҪȥ죬ҰһͲˡ
˵ţվ֣ٴ˵ϣģʵǶԲˡ
ɵÿЦ̾һ˵ʵʱѡ뿪Ĳ˼ΰ֮е˶ܾĵ飬ҪĻȴ̵Ĳ˼Ĳ۸Ůսֱ
Ҫǻ˱ˣۻ𣬻ֻߴȻֱӰʵˣֶΣĲԶɽĲ۾ǰ¶һֵìܵ
ƫƫʱȴû˼ۻҪ֮ìܣȥԼء
ԣк֮󣬱ת뿪
Ĳ˼ȴ˳ڰſھ׷˼˵Բ˼
תͷĲ˼磬˺һͻȻĲ˼§ڻ漴Ĳ˼촽һǡ
˺һŷſĲ˼磬ָĲ˼ıϹ˹ΣЦ˵ţǺǡ
Ĳ˼ûһƽִ򿪣鵱Ȥ˵ʲôʱҰȥ
ۿʵûӷܹȥƬ̣˵ô˵ҲҪɣҲþڼû˵ˣôҲҪ۰֡衢үүɣ˵ˣôҲܸΰ̫ˣԺ۸Ҳ̽÷򣬶԰ɡ
Ĳ˼ؿһȭû˵컬࣬Ҫֻ˵ǰ䣬ҲͰˣͰ࣬˵˵˭̽÷ˡ
Ĳ˼ԽҲһǻ⣬˵仰ֹ˺һʵ治Ұһѣ
һ˵£ץһԴԼΪȥţ˵Լ¾Լɢĸԣ¹죬׼ɵһͿԼ˵䵽ĲǷݲҵĻ͸ˡ
ֻȥæҲԼԼĴˡ
Ĳ˼̾һɡ
һЦ㻹ȥչĸɣʲô£Ҵ绰
Ĳ˼ȭͷվֻǵ˵ͷŻȥ
ͭǴƵ꣬й˵ζͷ˿Ƶ¥ûɵȻһ
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780 2
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ǣոͷһڣҪʮ򣡲֪ҹͷͷҪһھȻʮ
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˵ǶԴɺףҲʮĶֻɺףѩףԼһ߸߰һֻͷչᣬأһֻͷʳ̬ȻԵãϧǣϵӡﱵɺ׵û˵ˡ
ֻңЩ֣ûȥĻֻͷ˵Ǯ
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˷ֽ䣬ͷˣɣϼֱ֧ȡʮֽͷ
ͷϴһֽ𣬱Ҫ˵Щʲôȴûиڨ˼ͷ̲ס̾һˡ
ͷߵòӰˣžźЦոȥֵܣոʦ߶߶ģô£
ЦЦ˵ԼҲǶɺ׺ƯɡǺǡ
žЦոȥֵܣҴգǶɺӦʲôŶԣӣֵҪѻ˵ףٺ٣ֵ͸˵ĶŸҲա
ǺǵЦֻǾƯѣҪ˵ʲôǾֻȥ˵˵ңҿͨϣһϲͨ
ʱҲƷĺӣɺ״õǻľ޽кУ޽еʺһУһԴ׵ɺףԵӺݻ󣬺׷֮䣬Ȼһ֮תʣĿ
֮£ѡһңȻ˲٣ȻõҲ̴ľӣôɺ鶯
žɶӵĴ䣬⣬Ƕɺףʵǰ֣ӸҲ᲻ùϡ
ֵܣûӣʱҿɺףҲ;ûҲģһӣû뵽ôһٺ٣ǡ˵ĺÿӣʱôûء
Ц۵Ц˵Ҿ˵ⶫҪСǺǡ
žģаʮֻĸΣ˵ӣܱܲӣ͸˵˵ⶫ
ۿһǺǵЦ˵СˣҪ˵ɺ׵ٲҪЩרҵĻͻɽֵģҲû£Ҫô˵ɣһɺףĵطǼɺϣ
žɵͷźɺףֻֻɺףȶֻȿӴֲ˶٣ϸɣ˸оһϵľա
ȣžɿ˾֮⣬Ҳٿ
ЦЦ˵Ҿ˵ǳһɣմɵ¶ȣǿҪߴһǧİٶȣɺڴʱôϸȣ޷֧סɺҪ֧סɺ͵ɺϼһֽǺǡܹ͵סһǧȵ¶˵Ľڼʮǰ¾ֻС
۰ֽ˵žʧе˸ӣǻƽ𡭡
ЦЦν»Ҫ̶ֳܹȣǸʱ򣬵ȷֻлƽ𡣡
žһĭ˺þã˵ոȥ壬˵˵˵˵һɺףǮ
ЦЦ˵ǵɺףܳʮңҪȥĻǺǡ˵Ҫϵ󣡡
žɵת÷ɿ죬˵Ҫʮաӡֵ⡭
žɵ˼Ȼ֪ʮĶԼھˣʵ̫ˡ
ЦЦŸ磬ҿ治֪ⶫֵʮҪ֪ҿɾ᲻ˣǺǡʱ⻰˵˿ڣ̻ܲɡ
žֻЦЦ˵ֵܣҾֻãСлˡ


783 мƻ1
ʱչŵɣϼһӡ
ž˵һɺףȻʵʼֵʮ̲סЩˣȻںİʮĶô͸Լˣ
һ˲䣬ղɵûǰÿÿԼҪһٿǮԼǺԥĺӾܾ䳰ȷԼʹġ
Ҫ޳ĳ嶯žɸϽЦ˵Сգֵܣ֪ģʲôںǲںǮǺǡ
žɲ˵ãôһ˵յʱۿ˳
žֻ֪ոױܣǰ飬ȥ֪࣬ᣬֻβסϲá
ֻʱɣϼƱƱݺһκһ˹գ˵ܽ㣬ķƱúãʲôĻƱĵ绰ϵǡ
ۼ⣬һȥյķƱдһԶ׹ǮǱˣŰ˰ٶ飬ңɣϼƼۣҲֻ۴ۣѾǸ˿ģӦҲûҪռıˡ
˺һŶɣϼ˵Ҹ̸ȻҲ©裬ɣϼŮӣȥһõģ͸ģ飬ϡ
ոϽֹ͵Ѿˣͱ١١Ʒˡ
ЦЦʲôƷѣЩ󲿷ֵĹɷݶԼģһҲֻҪ۵ĳɱѣǺǣͱƴˣ͸ġ
ɣϼЦЦܿһԼֵʮ򣬵ͺǾµ
˵ֵʮ㲻ߵɣϼĴ֮ڣ˵Ҫ񣬶͸ģⲻ⡣
ˣȻͲ̫ᣬҲҪ̫أ̫ˣԲڵĵλͳ⣬̫صĻҲûǸҪ
ɣϼѡֵеȣȴµһ
ĺôǣ⸱Ȼʮ򣬵ɱ˵ҲʮңĻеȫɱҲ޹ؽҪ
ȻƽϳɱֵֻɣϼѡȷƯҲ⣬ȻˣɣϼϻۻǸе͡
ȴһƴǣһֵʮɺףһԼֵʮһֿɾϰ򣬱˵һңڵžɣмĴžɶֱܳ
˵ˣžͼǼϵرһϰ˿ͼرôص͸ܼңͼ
ǰζԴҲ˵ܼҲԻرԣһƴǡ
ֻֻǵĻ˻֣˵һʱҶæҲûʱȥ̸裬һС⣬Ӵȥ˳̸ʸá
žɺǺǵĸЦ˼ҲȰСգҲǸ˵СֵܣȥһˣϰǧǶС˼ҪǺǣǲСôٺ٣ӣʲôʱҲһ죬Ǿ͡
žû˵ȥΪֻ֪ⱲӣԶҲһ죬ǡȥһ˾ϰǧ򡱣һľ͸ϰžɶôһ죬ԣžҲ˵ȥ
Ҳﺬᣬʵڲ֪ô˵
ƫƫʱӻ𼱻ǵĴ˽Ǵģһû룬ֱӱǰ
ʻӾͽֱǳֻ˵˼֣ؼϴġ
ӹ绰յϣšιһǱߵĲ˼ʱĽ
졭æ찡ҡŲסˡ
Ĳ˼Դκ飬һֱǸź侲ʱ˵Ȼһ˿˿ǻӣ飬治һļ֡
ﶼסһ˺Ƭ̣˵˼磬ż˵֪ʲô£Ӧȥʲôôȥ𣬱żԽ˵Խʱ䡭
ֻ洫Ĳ˼Ŭסĳ֮˼ҰְǴһܣүүݿ˹ȥ裬ѪҰϵϣҡ
û뵽û뵽ʱѡ뿪ҪϢˣĲ۾ԿɵĻ˵Ĳ˼ȥҲĲ˼ܹףԼĲҲҵû֮ġ
û뵽ͭǴƵŲСʱʱ䣬ĲһŪô
һѪֱӣĲ˼
˺Ƭֲ̣ʵʲôλãүүְôˣ
ֻ棬Ĳ˼϶˵ҽԺүү趼ȣҰ֪ʲôط
΢һ飬ϱһЩͷӦĲ˼Ĳ۾Ǵһ֮󣬱ˣ֮£Ĳ۾϶ǻᱻ÷ģһĲԶɽΣȫ䵽Ĳ˼һ˵ļϣ˵Ĳ˼ȥĲ۾䣬ͬҲĲ˼
£˵Ĳ˼磬䵽ͷϣֻҲæң޴Ӧ᷽ȫҡ
ֻֻ΢һ˵ã˼ţһٶȸϵǱߣϣְָ˼飬̫ģӷ֣ȥң̫ż𡭡
ǱߵĲ˼Ŵã㡭
ֻǼ̵İο˼Ĳ˼磬ֻӣַԸӣӣֺϷΣٶҵĲ壬һз㵽ͷϡ
һظ˵ģұ̵֤ʱ棬ͭǶɸһ飬Ĳ굽صȥˣҸ
˵⻰ֺЩԣӦ˵Ĳǲ굽صȥİɡ
ֻ΢һֵ˵ӣͬʱעһĲ˼ĶҪ˵ĻԴˣԲ̫
˺һ׹˼ЦЦģ¶ͽȥˡ
žһԿҪߣվЦʵǸӣֵܣ飬Ҫ˶࣬ٺ٣Ҳһˣǹֵָӡ
תһЦţȴֵ˵ͷãǾͶлŸæȥˣٰһŸȾơ
žɻ˻֣˵ֵܣ֪ҾͲㆪˣȥɣߵ졣
˵ͷٲ˵³ӣֻǱžִеֵܣҵĳɣԿס
ûлͷӵĻԼûգҪóĻɣϼҲֳɵĳ
һûóԷҽԺֱ߾ҲͲӵĻҪ·ڣ崦̵ƣ˵°߷ڣ㲻ÿûԼ·졣
Է֮ѡΪݵССЩСС˲࣬ٱܡ
ˣҲʩչȫСС񱼣תսǵĵطһãͻײǽ˵ˣʩչȫܵĻŪҲűˡ


784 мƻ2
ҽԺܿҵڼĲ˼硣
ʱĲ˼һ˹ڼ棬һ˶ֻĬĬᡣ
ǰͽһ˼硭
Ĳ˼̧ͷʵĿ΢΢ЩƬ̣˵ˡ
˵ͷĲүү°̽ȥˣ𣿡
Ĳ˼΢΢һ£ŽȥСʱĿǰ֪
ţ˼磬һжڣġ˵
ֻǰοĲ˼磬Ĳ˼ԣȴֲֻᣬʱ˵ЩֻͽĲ˼ĵǡ
ҪģĲ˼磬һЩο͹ڼ棬ȺĲԶɽ˴Ӽ
ֻĲ˼һȣһֱȵҹŵȵȳĲԶɽ
Ĳ˼ӭȥĲԶɽ˫Ŀգһϣʮ΢
һŮҽļУЩƣȴ𱸵ĿĲ˼˵˼ҵļɣôôСģôˣҲչչˣֱ£ֲżææ͹
Цҡҡͷʵҽүүô
ŮҽҡҡͷĿǰΣûˣҪúõע⣬˼ͱϾСˣһܷϲָÿ϶Ƚپ˼һη˺ܶصĲ֢·зļʷǳߣҪҪǳϸĵϡ
ͷĲ˼ȴǴ᲻ѡ
˻ĲԶɽ˼ңһֱ֢໤ң׵ĲԶɽغ
Ĳ˼ȴɵȺġ
ĵĲȻҪصö࣬һֱ賿㣬ű˳ҽĲ˼罻˼䣬ɽҲ͵ĲԶɽڵ֢໤ҡ
һĲ˼Զ
ĬĬ˺һĲ˼˵֮үүҲˣû뵽˼
΢΢˸Ƿ˵үү֮˼͸ְǴ󳳴𣿡
ΣԤ֮еģĲ˼ͻ᲻ܲ˵ĹƢ󳳴ǲŽˡ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˵ԭ̫ãҸ˼֮󣬾ͻһΪ˼ԺرŹ˼ڡ
΢΢̾һĲҵļҾͭһ˹Ҫ÷ҪƢȻ͸Ĳˡ
ɲԹͷˣʲôĻᶮԼȥӦԼȥȡĲ˼ȴֻһζġֹȥȡҪ
ǱϵĲ죡
Ĳ˼̾һ˵үү֮˼ȻҪְֽҵ֮
šüͷȲʵȻҪ󣿡
Ĳ˼΢΢˵ͷҾȻóһݳʮҳļƻ飬˵ʲôֻҪЩҵʹĲеĹ˾ڼ̵ʱ֮󷭱
ЦЦû뵽Ѿͷͦİ
û뵽Ĳ˼Ц˵ǿʲôãҰְӿ˼ҳļƻ飬ָкüʵĴͺ޸ݵƾ룬룬һʮ߰ŮӼңôȵù̳ϴ˼ʮˡ
ǣ˼ϴƵЩ۵㣬˵ְƫģΪ˼˵ʲôǴģʵֻǲŮһ֮£ŷΰ˵ҪҪȥ
Ĳ˼סڲ˵ˣ˳ʵ˵˼ʮҳļƻ飬ְ־飬ڿ˼ҳ£Ҳֻҳ󣿡
Ĳ˼˵ͷ΢һ£˵ְֿ˺ҳɣָĴӦò崦⼸һһָ֮󣬰ְҲͲٿȥˡ
ЦЦһڶеŮӣȻдʮҳ漰ĲҸֲҵļƻ棬Ǻǣû뵽˼һţٺ٣ҹƵûĻǷݱ棬٣п϶֪ƼǣʵְӦÿǣ
Ĳ˼翴ĬȻ˺ܾã˵ҲΪҰְӦðǷݱ濴ꣿ
˶٣Ĳ˼۹ͻȻЩʲô˼
ǺǡЦ˵ôңһֱһǷݱ϶д˵ҶĲҵĲҵûȥо
Ĳ˼۾ʱЩ֪ˣǷݱ棬ǳ˼֣֮
ҿûô˵ǺǵЦ˼ҵ򹤣еʱ׫дǷݼƻ˵ˣǷݼƻԵĶ󣬾ĲҵԼĲҵ˭ϤԼ飿˵ˣ˼ʹϻܸɣһݼƻʲôֵġ
Ĳ˼ҧ˵˵Ϊ
ЦЦĬԼȷ˵
ӼĲ˼ŷΰͭǴƵ棬Ĳ۾ȥŷ֮ǼŵýĲ˼ʱʵ˻ɡ
ϵ飬Ĳ˼мＸЩףĲ˵ͷƢԸ񣬻һܹǧ˵˲ţ붼֪ܣ
ңԵǣ˵ĻĲ˼ҲýȥƫƫԷΰƴӣֳ֮£ȻĿŵĸȨҪ˵ԹߣĲ۾ԼԭӦܹõġ
Ĳ˼ǰȻǸɹģڵʱ£һΪûʹġסĲ˼ΰͻأĳ֣ʹĲ˼ղѣ˵ˣĲ˼ԼҲҵϵ飬ҲǸһ̫ģ͸˵ĲԶɽһ£Ĳ˼ŴңȻҲͲȥԴˡ
ֻ˹Ĳ˼ڴӻ֮ѹڻظ侲ʱΣĲ˼Ž
˺һĲ˼Ӧòǲ֪ģȻ֪Ϊʲôȸң
ٺٵЦⲻ˵ĲҵĲҵȤô˵ˣְö٣ͷǻǽ˼ܾӪû߲ãʲôϵ
ڡĲ˼ŭӲߣҪĲҵĲҵ䵽˼ŪҵҲȷǵ£ĲңȴӶţ㡭
̿Цž˫֣Ͷ״˵ϴʵҲûصأҪˣܹ˼һЩ˵Ŀܴ׬һʣǺǣһټõ飬ΪʲôҪ̾ȥأ
Ĳ˼˰Σ˵ԭ˼ƻ㣬ôôգ
ٴοЦҺôǺǣһĺˣʵ˰
Ĳ˼Ҳøֱ࣬ʵ˵ļƻʲô
ûмƻļƻⲻʵһôЩԩЦ
Ĳ˼ȻĻֻһ׷ʣ㵽ʲôƻҪ˵ôʰ㣡


785 ̽
Ҫ˵зƼƻĲ˼ȷԩ鷢˼ȣܹȫĲ˼ĲҲҵΣѾǲˣ˵мֽӶķ飬Ҳܻ漴ƶܵӦԼƻ
ҪƶһܵļƻǱԼռȫĵλпȫƶõļƻ¡
ڣĲ˼ռοҲֻǿΣԶԷľжֻ˵֪࣬һ֪ԣֻƾһߣҲô̵ʱ֮ӦԼƻ
ǻûļƻĲ˼ֻ̾һ˵ðɣ£Ҳܱ㣬Ҹ㣬뵽ʲôİ취һõһʱ֪֮ͨң𣿡
˵ͷ⻹˵һ𲢽սġ
õĻش𣬹˺һĲ˼ֲ˵Щ뿿ļ˯һ
ڶ賿㣬ܿҪˣ˵Ĳ˼磬ҲЩ
ֻĲ˼翿ϣ۲ŲСʱӾ͸ɣϼԵģ˹
һһ߸Եģһʵ磬ô
ӹԵģ˵ͷָָ֢໤ңЦ˵ΣڣҽҲ˵ûΣգˣǱô
һˣʮһӰҲûҵոȥһ˵˾ǲصص£ҲٶȰǾǡ
˵ӻʮ򣬶ûҵĲ۾Ĳ˼ˣĲ˼㲡
ȴüͷʵӣ㶼ҹЩʲôط
Ӱָͷ˵ҵĵطɶˣͭеľƵ꣬е̳վϴҲ˿š
Щطأʡ
ӿЦҡҡͷ磬˵ʵһΣҲ֪ͭطж࡮ˣһٶˣ߷˺üʮˣôˣȡʲôֶζˣɾҲˡ
ɣϼĲ˼§һ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵һҪô̵ʱ֮ڣ϶ǲҡ
һ˵ӣ֮󣬰ȫˣȥ岻⣬ϴҪȥһ¡
ɣϼʵأҸʲô
Цһ£ϼҲæϼ͹Ǳߵ飬еĺڹסģš
ɣϼ˵ͷӦ
ӵǺܺ棺磬ʲô飿
ܣһĲ˼磬˵
Ĳ˼΢΢һҲ΢΢˵ͷ֪Ҫܡ˼Щɵ˵Ҫҵ˼̫Ϊ𣿡
ǶԳЦЦ㲻ٶȥ
ֻĲ˼˶ףҪҵģԲֻĲ˼ĲˣҪҵģʵĲ˼ĲҲҵ±Щ
ĿǰЩ϶ǲ˵ģԣĲ˼ֻôһ仰ιȥ
׵ŲݲݵĳЩһֱɫŸĲ˼硢ӵ˷ֽ֣ɣϼ͵Էһǰӡ
ǰӣԶΪҪȥϸǱߵȻһ˶ûҵΰĲ˼ˣӦЩϵĻֱȥǱߣҲܹҵһЩ˿
ߣѾˮ֣ȴЩ壬·ҲҲǼҴҵˣϰ࣬æſš
˷ǰ˲Ÿոմ򿪾բţһתͷ˲ɵһ㶣漴ЦСô硭
ЦЦ磡
кҲֱӾ͸ڷ󣬽˷ӡ
˷ӣŷ֣ڵķӣü棬տҲĵطҲͽܸ߷ƷȫûһʱĿ
ӣԭԾӪִ鱦ΪģڿӣѾҪŴˡ
Ȼ֪ӿҪŵľԭ򣬵ǿóΪ䣬Ҳǽʾ֭ͷǰ˲١
˽ԳЦЦ˵СӦòЦİɡ
ЦЦ̳ϴһʱɰӢֻۣ˵˵ĿδЩ̫ǳǺǣȻûʲôԶ־򣬵ҲΪ˸ˡ
˶ã΢΢̾һɬһЦ˵Сô磬͹ǡ
ŷ˵۾ĸо۵Ľ
ֻЦЦֱ˵죬ͭǴƵ棬Ҽ˷ΰĲ˼ˣ֮˼ΰͲˣֱҲûţҹΪ飬ʷһЩ
˽թˣòʣ˿϶һھͷ񶨵øɸɾżɽֱ⡣
ƷҲԤƵ仰ڱʲôΰȥͭǴƵ꣬ô֪ţС˵ΰ˼һ𲻼ģⲻܰɡ
˶٣˵Ц˵ʵҲ֪ΰ˼ˣǺǣҲͶϰɣû׼鲻ԽʲôģǺǣڵˡ
üͷŷһЦݣ˵壬飬ֻǹʣĲ淢һЩ飬Ҫҵ˼ܹṩһЩʲôģĲһҲĴмǺǣЩ飬¾Ͳ̫˵ˡ
˵Ҳ־ζĲ˼ڲˣô˵ΰйϵṩҵĲ˼ĲҲƽϣµ¾ͲôŪˡ
ֻǷȴһĵʵĲҳ£ʲô£
ĲԶɽ˽ҽԺĲ۾ҲȫޣЩ飬˻ǲ֪ԣһֻΡ
ŷˣһһ˵Ĳүү°̶סԺˣĲæңҪʱ˼ⷽûʲô飬˵ԭ⾭̣ҪʵҲ˼ĻǺǡ
˵⻰ǰ䵹˵˵ʵģȴȫǼٻ
ô˵һ̽һ·˵ķӦپǰųĲ˼ҪȨôĲ۾ѹȨǣҪĲ˼ٲ¶棬Ĳ۾ֻܡȲѡˡ
Ƿ˻߷ΰڱ󵷹ĻӦ̾ͻ취Ĳ˼Ĳ۾λá
ֻǷֻǵһЦǺǣôôأ
˶٣˵ڵˣ֪ǺǡͰʣ
˵ţֻֻĻʾΰ֣ǲΰĵ绰


786 ¶
ˣ˻ᣬʾԼ緽ΰ
ʱΰĵ绰֮ͨȴǷ̨֪绰˽
˿Ц˵һ䣺ڵˣ
ϵı飬ֱӾ˵Ĳ˼ΰӦǲ˼壬۹ȣʱûѹ
˵һ䣬زһ鷽ΰĵ绰ģֻǷ̨֪˽
˵ֻϷĲ˼ֻ룬һδ˹ȥ벻ǣĲ˼ֻȴڹػ״̬
Σ˺뵽Ĳ˼ȷΪﳳ˼ܣһ֮£Լȫȫ˷ΰ
ֻȴô룬˵ı飬뵽ģӦǷֶʹͨˣӪһĲ˼̽סһжΰļʵĲ˼ΰѾ췹ʵ
ңʵҪŴȥ
Ͳܲ˵ֶ˵ĽթҪȥĲҾֻưͳԻ϶ܣϾĲͭǵĵλݲĲվֻԽԽڣĲԼĨڣ
Ȼ֪һе֮ЦЦ˵ллܹæṩЩֻñˡ
ЦЦ˵ӣҲǲ֪ߵغҿҲ磬ѹ֮ӦþͻС飬ҲǼģ԰ɡ
ĴҵżĲ˵ˣʮ֮ǰҪټĲ˼ĲֻýеĹȨƽȥߺߣʱżˣ¾Բң
˺ЩΣӣһֱӪʵĲ˼ΰѾľѳ۵ʵ
ΪͲĲ˼ΰ
ĳֽǶ˵£Ǿڼӵ֤һֱ˵ѻ㷽˰ȾֻҪվҲͿԺ׵ĴĻԡ
û뵽侲ŪãǷ˵ڣ
˵˵ᱨԼʮ֮ǰĲ˼ٲֵĻĲ۾ͻѡȵȣ֮˵Ļ˲ҲţΪЩ飬ܹ׾ٰõĲ۾Ҳó¡
һĲ۾ôˣƻһУȫΪĭ⵱ȻǷġ
ԣ㷽˲ȫ˵ĻҲֻУޡ
˰һֻϵʱ䣬˵ʮ֣˵ʮ㣬ֻСʱʱˡ
˲ɵü
ԭģֻз˸ˣָԶĻ̥վ͸ӳ
ֻȴ˿ûҪߵ˼ӣҪŷˣһֱʮӡ
ڷ˿ֻҪ˳˳İʮӣĲҲҵҲ˳£ңԸߣӦþҪԼԼ˽֪ͨΰߣһϵϷΰҵĲ˼Ҳ
ӦþĲ۾õ׼ȷϢҹԭ򣬶ңһʼѴеĿŪúǸߴϣ棬ȴǧټƵӣͷΰߵж
Ÿëӣһûһµڹ̨֮ϵŻҳȴٵѰ˼ƽһ塣
ǿǽֵĵʱӣԽԽɣƺÿȥһӣ;ĲҲҵһ
ڳ֮Уȥ˰Сʱ̽סٴֻ˷ΰĵ绰
Σ绰ܿ첦ͨˣȷΰ˵˵ΰ˼һɣӡϽĸ˼⺢˵һ˴£ϽؼȥһˣСء
⻰էһҲûУȴ򷽼ΰй¶͸顣
÷ΰ׿˵Ĳ˼һľѳ۵ʵһ¾ֱӸ߷ΰڷ棬ʾ׼ƻĲ˼ΰĺ¡
ΰҲӦúǸɴֱ࣬Ӿ˵ûĲ˼һ𣬶ңҲѰĲ˼
Ĳ˼ûΰһ⵹˶ʼδ飬˵Ķɵһ
΢˶٣ΰ˵ӾƵ˼ֿ֮ҾԼ˼ͬѧˣ˼ˣҸոȥĲ˼֪ģѰ˼
ΰͣٵļ˵У˼İְҲӰˣʱȥæˣʲô˼
ΰôһ˵תͷһĲм
İϷ÷ΰ仰͸ˣ˵ף̫ۣҪͺΰⷽжʾԼĲҷĵλ
û뵽ΰѾʼжǴĵȥæˣԷ˵Ƿΰⷽȡ
ʵϣҲȷʮֱĵλϾֻڷ棬ҪǷΰܹҵĲ˼Ĳ۾κһˣǶĲ˵Ǿӹΰһ顣
͸˵˵Ĳ۾ʮ֮ǰѡȵȴ˵Ĺ
ԣ˺ܲмĿ
ֻһԼҲúΣϷ˲˵˿ʵ黻˭˭βѡ
һʱ֮䣬ռϷ磬Ҫ
վǿЦЦ˵ȻҾͲŷˣǺǡ
Щֺ˵СһˣߺߣҪߣˡԶ͡Ǻǡ
ڷ˵֮£˷ӣһȴ̲ס뵽ΰôôжǴʲôطõϢģ
ЩɣҲ˵Ĳ˼Ƿݼƻ飬˵Ĳ۾ʧȥϵ£Ҫ֪ģµΪֹȷģֻԼĲ˼ˡ
Ĳ˼϶ǲΰ˵ġ
ĲҪĸʧ٣ĲеɶӰ죬Ĳ˼ô᲻֪ô˵
ӣĲ˼Ҳֻ˵Ĳ˼飬ҲûἰĲ۾ԡܡַܹȥֻ˭򷽼ΰй¶Ĳ۾÷ΰôȷĲ۾ʧٵϢ
˼⡣
˷ӣһԷߣһ߸Ĳ˼ͨһε绰ԼڷߵõϢͻɣһԶ˵Ĳ˼
Ĳ˼֮Ĭ˰Σ˵˭򷽼ΰй¶Ϣ飬ڷΰ֮ǰҵҰְ֣˼ʱŵҪ
Ĳ˼˼ڷΰ֮ǰҵĲ۾¹ĲҲҵĹȨ֮ؼ
ʱ򣬷ΰֻҪҵĲ˼Ĳ۾ʧٵ飬Ĳǰ˳µĽӹĲҲҵ
󷽼ΰĻĲҲҵĹȨп䵽Ĳ˼
Ҳ˵ڣ˭ܹҵĲ˼Ĳ۾һĲҲҵĹȨĶУ˭ռΰˣˡ


787 ϴ·1
Ĳ˼˵ߵﷴܲζոڷǰˣ˷һ÷ʵԼҲĲҲҵİѱ
Ȼһ˵ԲĲҲҵڰ֮ģǣЩԼĲ֮˵ȴϺ˵漰ĲҲҵ˵û֮ģ˾ͻᵱˣ
οڵΪҪ÷ԼȾŪǷꡣ
˿϶óģҲ϶ô
ǰգôô˵ҲͰˣǼѩ黹˿ûͷƫƫĲ˼ַô飬ʵǷơ
һߣһţ˺һŰ˼ȶ֮󣬰һĿȷĲңȻΰ˵ȥĲҲ֪ĲԶɽ˶ҽԺĲ۾ҲʧˣһЩֵ֪ĶԣΣȥһ¡
˽ֿڣһʿ˵ĲڵĵַȻֱĲҡ
һλ㣬һҲȥĲҷʮŮӣλ˾ĵ
˳˾ָŮӼղŵĻ⡣
ֻϳ仰һ
˾һ߿һ˵˵ǮˣôģĲǮưɣⲻһҹ֮䣬ҽԺĽҽԺʧٵʧ٣Ǯôģ
Ҳǣҿ˵ĲŮĲҲҵ˵ĲǴŮôݵСģߺߣ˵ˣ˵ģôŮӺЩм˵
ǰ˾һ߿һ˵˵ĲҴŮҲǮ˵Ǯˣôô̰а˵ĲҵСŮֶֹϲ̸ֻȴûʲôǮƫƫǺǡ
˾ỵ̂ܿһӣӺӾ￴һЦЦֽ˵ʵɡ
ŮҲ̾һ˳˾˼˵˵Ĳϴ޵Ҳһ鱦ģҲǺüǧĲҵҾͲףôôĺڣ·һҹƣĲҳЩ£ĲϴڸĹ
˾ҡͷЦ˵˭֪أҪ˵ûϵ϶ǲܵġ

ԽԽǲȴֺް취
˵ЩģŮӣֱܲӽ˰ɣ˵ˣƽ̸ģ²ֻŮӰɣ˵𣬾˶١
֪һ£Щ飬ӦԼԴڷΰ
ҪȺĨڡԼԼǰӶ׷ΰ֮ĲҲҵᡣ
Ӧ˵ԭһļ΢ЩʱգЩ᲻ƣֻǾĿǰ˵ȷܹ൱Ĵ̼áߣ飡
˭ҥԣﶼ϶ܲ
ŪãֱӾ͸ҥԵ˱粵ϧǣԲˣֻԽԽڡ
ȻǲҲ׷ΪôĿģȻҲͲȥǸ
Ůһ·󹾹˵ţܿ͵Ĳҡ
ɵǳ˳ŮӾȻһ˳
ŮӸһ𣬸ո³û߼û뵽ӱͷ׿ĿĴ󺺣ӹߣһקסŮʹһ㽫Ůӵ
ŮӷӦҲ٣±ٰץС͵ץС͵
סĲضεģЩͭǵǮˣҲͳϡٵĵضΣһ֮Ըڹ컯֮Ҳ׼һûˣپǴ󲿷ǮˣȻԸǻԲŻĵӡ
Ůӵֵ֮ǸӾȻûܣǴһ£пֽ𣬻ֻʲôģźЦЦ߽׼ˡ
ضʱԭûʲôˣǸ̬Ĵһ˴ץС͵ûæһŤͷܣ˲ûӰ
ԭҪߵС͵ŮӽеᣬҺЩľȻС͵һۣûĶӣתǰǸ󺺣ߵŮӸǰذһٺٵЦʲôУ֪ʲôطٽУŲͱ
һ΢׳ЩС͵ҲЦ㣬ֻҪǮûҪ˸ǿɾǮҲҪҲҪˡ
Ůӿ׳׻λεذףʱɫɷףһӶ׵ȥˣңҲҴһ
׳⣬Ҫתͷ뿪û뵽׳ӶЦЦ˵磬һƣҲǮҪȻ
׳ûз˼ɫľȻ·ûղԼһĻɵЦ㿴ôûʲôӦСӣĸǮҸ㣬ɵӡ
һ˲䣬ӹһ˿֮ɫϵɫȴľȻ
ǰ׳Ĵûע⵽䣬ֻľȻɫǴ̤ǰͷһѣЦɵӣʲôأǮ𡭡
ɫľȻ˵Ǯֺ࣡ҵ·øϴ
ǰ׳ĺЩȻջ֣˿ȴļһѣЦҵ𡭡ٺ٣ϴҸϴ
û˵꣬ͻȻžһһĶʹǰ׳ĴϣǴ󺺰ϣʱһںڵӡ
һٶ֮죬˵׳ĴûذһԵǸҲû
׳ĴɣոǲԼ˴ľȻ⣬ɵһĴкӣǶû
ֻһ˲䣬ǻʹУŻⰫ׳Ĵ󺺣Լȷ˴һǶ⣬Ҵһˣкӡ
ڣҴӡ׳ĺڻعɱһ㺿ޱȵķŭ
׳ĴŰֱӾ¶ײһСȭͷı˹ȥ
ŮӺǸ߸ӴⰫһȭǱܲˣﶼıϣڵϿ޵Ρ
û뵽ǣǡžһ죬Ⱛ׳ӵȭͷûıԼһϵְһĶ⡣
ͬһںڵӡͬǹƬ̲ŸоֻʹֻⰫ׳ĴȴǶЩˣȻһӶȥ
С͵ץС͵ڵϵŮӣȻִ
ǸŵӵĴһǿˣһǶ⣬ȷ֣ٶȺܿ죬ҾԺ
ƫƫʱŮһУõĴվЩĻ΢ԥһ£ʱƣǾˣһǰקǰ׳ĺӾҪˡ


788 ϴ·2
飬ȷ׵֣ȴӲãһȥ˱˾ǾҪˣʱҪˣ˱ˣȵٵʱҲ֮ˣ
ֻõĴ󺺣קڵˣǰһžһõĴҲݺݵһǶ⡣
һ⣬ȵõĴ󺺶䶼죬ںڵӡȻٲһ
õĴ󺺶ʱһֻסһذָŭģӣ
˵һŪҵ·øϴ
ǴŭŪ·ĶУֹʲô£
˵ϱ׳ƹĵطĴҪߡ
Ǵ󺺻ذףȵвǲǣ
˭֪һذף¡žһ⣬˹ȥƾǸôܲžУǴ󺺲ҽ
һߺһ⣬һ߽е㲻ϴ·㲻ϴ·
͸ɵһ㣬ǲ֣ͣȻòͣõĴ󺺵Ķ⣬Ǵ󺺾Ȼûл֮ĶȵܲˣȻʹȵȣȵȡ
֣ͣŰƵȻ߸߾ţڰУƺֻȶԷ˵һ仰Ҫټȥ
ʲôǱȵóͷĴ󺺡
㡭ǸʮǶ⣬ѾͷĴ󺺣Ȼǿ˵˳ȵȣҪô
ְ·Ūˣøϴ
ָŶڵǰ׳˵ܴƺֱ׳
ڵһ㶣漴еĹƨӡӡһ˵ӣȴɭɭ񣬹˺һ˵˳֣ɸɾģ
ֱָԼ·㻹ϣ㿴಻࣡
Ǹ׳һɵģǲǣΪԼŪ˵·ôջ𣬵Ҳˣƫƫǰ׳Ĵ󺺺ԼϣȷǸɾ۹ҲûУָףҲ޼úܸɾ
ŵӵĴȴô룬˼ϴƣ˭Ϊ˴һ¾ʹ֣㲻þǶԷҵһڣΪŮӳġ
ڴӮ֮£Ǹ׳ĺӻŭŰ쵽ǰһ߿һ߽е㿴ϣӴӺʹ
һ߿һߺʹ˵ʵڵģȷʵúʹ
û뵽ǣ׳Ĵ󺺣ȴִָָһЩɫı飡
⡭
Ǹ׳Ĵ󺺱ڽŵģһۿԼָı󣬶ʱɵˣ
Ӧϱƣ˲ʧġ
㿴㿴ǲǣҾ˵ˣǶģָŰ׳󺺴˵ţһ£ˣ
ŵҲӸǰ׳ң㣬һǱһգۼ䱻Сһ˴˵ȥ涼û˲˵һİֶףɵСֺĴ򲻹
ɭɭǵӣǸõĴ󺺷һȻݶ԰׳ͬȭ
Ϊϵı飬Լ۰һٺᣬ̵ù
õĴ󺺴򲻹Ҳֻаˣһʱ䣬׳󺺱شֱǿ޵
õĴ󺺶ûл֮ǰ׳ȭߣȴǺúܣͲûõȥͱˡ
Ǹ׳󺺴һٺõĴ󺺶ôͣȻûУΪоûĻǻǶġ
ƺһ󣬿õĴ󺺺Լͬ飬ֱͣʱüͷ˵̣Լһ˶򣡡
õĴ󺺺ڵϵİ׳󺺶˹ȥһжǰ׷ˣ
ŵôˣҲŮҲûЦ
õĴѣ̽ҿûŪ·ҡô
˼Ȼ˵ˣûѱĨҪˣҲֻҰ׳Ǹ󺺣ʱ򣬱ĶҪ顣
˭֪ŰĵǿɲУһģһܣ˭ҳ˭
õĴּ̱ڵϵǸ׳ӣһۣǰ׳ӵͻȻͷ񱼣һһңȫ෴
񱼣ȫ෴Ҫǻ˱ˣҲ΢΢һȻ󣬾Ҫ׷Ҳֻ׷һ
û뵽ǣõĴ󺺲ĲͻȻͷǰһڣһӰӵǰûüӰӵĿõĺֻԼĴȳһĵʹţֲ֪ǰһȭһţ˶ʱ˳ȥ
Ǹʮ΢һתͷû׷һϲվǽˣû뵽תͷʱȴһͷײһϡ
˺žڰ׳ϳһƣ漴һڰ׳ӵߴϣߵⰫ׳סȥϱߵĵطֻû뵽˸Ӳһڰ׳󺺵Ķϡ
׳󺺶ʱöҪһӺƵģҲһֻ͸Ϻһ㣬ٵĵ˻ȥ
Ⱛ׳Ĵ󺺵ţһƨϣǡøǵǴ˸
վԭأְƣܰܰ
һڵϣǿҪˣ쵰ŰƲɿڣ˭ܾ˭ڸղžѾ̹ˣܵٿ죬˷ɢܶûã쵰ܵ죬һ˶ܲҲǴ򲻹ǲò
ǺãɣǮвУõĺӻһ£һ˵Ǯܰƽ˵ˣԷֲǾ죬Ǯˡ
˵ţõĴ󺺾ʹӿڴһƱǸȣپǧǮ
Уԥľҡҡͷܾˣ˵ơ
һʱͻˣǲٰˣϽϵǮȫǮƶԷǮˣ£ݺһʲŹأԼ£ֻõñݣ
һ£ͳǮپǧˣҲѿڴͿˡ
ֵܡֵܱ֣ǡǰǮó㣬ˡ
һǮһģ˲òˡ
ȴȻףשͷУ
󺺶ʱ޳ɥֵܣ㡭㵽ҪǮȫͳˣҪмֻ㣿
ҪֻҪҵ·ϴˣһĻһʵᣬڵϵŮȴǿЦá
õĺӰѰ׳ĺǮץһֱǶŵֵܣǲǡǲǡ⼸ǧǮ¸һ·Ҳõ


789 ϴ·3
ȴҡͷִܹ˵ҾҪϴ
õĺһϽŤͷǸ׳ĺӺţȥˮˮֵϴϴ
ֻǰ׳ĺӻûӵǡžһһȵ˻ȥ
ܡüͷСĽ˵
׳ĺӿɥС˵ֵܣû취ˣȥˮϴܣҿҿǮ㣬Լȥϴòã
һ£ŰİƷͷҲãϴһ㲻أǵԼȥϴ
׳ĺӸϽõĺץһǮݸ½˵ٶ࣬Ϸһ¶ѣյĿģҪǮ
ȴȻֱҡͷϴһ·ǰ˿ǮֻҪ˿Ǯ
⻰һ˵ɶҪֻǰ˿Ǯ
һºһı飬˵ˡ
ذ׵Ĵ󺺸ϽԼǮ﷭˷ûǮֻЩǮ棬СĶԪĺʮԪģһԪУȴֻһţҲǮ
ذ׵Ĵ󺺸Ͻһ飬ȥҲһǮ԰׳ĺֵûǮǮϽСֵܣ
׳ĴﻹԥϽڼڴֻǮʮǮûУֻһٺʮ
ң㣬һ£ǮǸذ׵Ĵ󺺸Ͻֶ˵ֵܣ㿴ⶼûһһǮʮǮҪǮòã
һšԴУҾҪ˿Ǯϴϴ·ļǮ
ģǲǲǣذ׵ĴӲ̲סŭɵӶ˵ϴһ·ǧǮҪʮǮҪΨֻҪòİ˿Ǯǲŭ
ˣ᣿˵žһƾͳذ׵Ǵϣذ׵ĴһſڵϣζȻŰƶⰫ׳Ĵ󺺣յʵҿɲˣᣬˣ
ǸǶҪ׺ݵö࣬µ˺֣׳ĺӲٶ˵ֱӦȻſڵϵõĴ󺺶˶ֲۣŶ˵ֵܣ㿴㿴вУһ˵ȥҸ껻ǮȻǮ԰ɣ
ǹһ£ȻҡͷУһһˣû˵ģҪôҰ·ϴˣҪôҰ˿Ǯϴ·ǮȻҾͳˣ
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ʵղǮҪûǮҲɳһȥǮ⻹ʲô취
ŮӶ棬ֻ͵͵İʹòеĶӣҪ̲סЦԼһ˳ˣڰԼѵһǾһӺšһ
ذ׵Ǹ󺺣ҲһֱֻȣһֻҺһȵòᣬ˵ϱһҲпܰȶҶˡ
ֲӣΪ˶ˣ϶ȵͷҶȣأ·Ӱ죬û˶ܲһˣǸܲˡ
ۿ˰ƣһ־ŭŪüˣ̲סе
⻰̲סЦðǱɣŪҵ·˵ˣǸոնʲôȥپǼɣʡҵˣãҵǱ
ذ׵ǴҲ鼱֮º˵Ļһ侲֪ɲá
ֲ֪ǺãһɷŰƲ棬Լ㱻ץɳҲûô¹һʱ޴
ʱ򣬶Ůӵǿ˵ˣǮ
һ㶣Ȼ󶼿ɥͣ˵
㣬úúãңһͻ㡭
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ǾȿѵĹ
Ůɫһ˵ЩϻǸոǹǵǮֻ˵ǲǵģǰᣬҲ˿ͷǮǿԣҵʧ˵
޴֮£ذ׵Ǹֻͷúúãϻ㣬Ͼͻ㡭
˵ţǸŮӣѰ׳ǮҲ˹һԶŮӡ
Ůӽӹ򿪿˿һֻпʲôģȷûʲô©ŵ˵ͷȻŴԼǮݸһſڵϵذ׵Ĵ󺺡
ذ׵Ĵ󺺵һһԪ㳮˵ûһǮôع
Сֵܣ⡭һǰ˿Ǯպˣ
Ǯذ׵Ĵ󺺾һ޼۵һСģֶ
ӹ˼ǮһŷȥĿһȻͷⲻǼǮ
⻰Ͳûذ׵ĴֱιȥҪǼɵ򲻹⻰Ǽץ
ҪüǮҲʮһٵģٲҲʮʮģ˭ȥŪһǮļǮ
ˣ߰ɣԺڲ׼Ĩ飡ıĨˣ
һֹ֣ţһƨҷһ໥С߳ȥʱǶţô£
˵ʵٴĴҲ٣һΣûһһôĿ
뿪ҲŮӣŤͷ߾ҪȥĲҡ
ŮӽرƬֶ̣һ£һ£
ʲôŤͷתһŮӣһ˵ô
Ů̲סꡱһЦ˳˵˰ɣ㻹װ
˺ߣʲôװװģϴ·
Ůһϴ·֣ǡ͡һЦ˳л˰С磬ҿɲ⻹ɵģ˵ˣɵӶݲ̶ȣ
ǰŮڳ⳵ϣŮ˾˵һʵ˺һʱŮӳԴԼɵ㳵˭װûʱϹһ£ˣ
ŮӼִⲻԸԼһǮݵǰЦ˵Сֵܣ㿴Щȥ򡭡
û˵꣬˵ûĨ飬ֲҪϴ·ҪǮʲô
Ůһϴ·֣һץ񣬸ϽպǮʵСֵܣôְɣҡ
΢һɵЦЦлǰɣٺ٣ҾĲҵǸŮͦĺڵλٺ١ٺ١
ٺ١ЦţһڷЩҵŮӣֱĲҴ˹ȥ
ŮӿıӰҡڵĽĲҴţҲѵĴһ
Ĳңӭ
Ҳһݣһ仰ʵСҲǹĲүӵ顭
⻰ЩԹ˼


790 дϢĻ
Ƿΰʱ˵ڮԼĻԼ̬ԵЩԹȡ
Ҳһ˽ʲôͣҲûá
ãҹҲû˼ʣΰǲǣʵ
˲裬ȴ䵭ĴСС֮
֮ΰ֮ʲôģ
ôʣЩ䵭СܹүŹġ
ү㶣˵Ĺүź̵ӡһΣĲԶɽٵ͹Ľ˿£ʧԣλү˶ֽţ
ôʧ˵
ʲôô˵үҲĲҵˣû˵˾䣬漴ˣӣǲԸ˵
ã˵ͷҲ˵Ĳ˼Ĳ۾ʧٵģ˵Ĳ˼øĲ۾Ƿݼƻ飬¾ĲѲ˹ϵ
ǰ֣Ĳ˼ܹʮҳļƻ飬ңĲ۾ëҲֻǼټ֣ҵôĲҲҵ֮ϸµоڣ׹£ӦĲƲĻʹ
ֻϧǣף˵ȥҲû˻ţĲ۾Ĳƣһˣֵܣ˵ˣΪֹҲֻĲ²⣬֤Ҳòû֤ݵ飬˭ţ
һóֻĲ˼緢һϢֻǰԼ֪˷ΰӦĲƵĲ˵ˣȴûҰԼĻ˵Ĳ˼磬Լûκ֤֮⣬ҲĲ˼жϣ˵Ҳ֮ӡ
ţһһҲûڼңûȤվк漴ǳš
Ĳңһ⳵ȥҽԺĲ˼ϣʱȴָı⣬һûȥѩˣЩǣңֱӸ˾˵Ҫر·
һϳû߶Զû뵽⳵˾Ҳһûһĸ˵Ĳҳ飬ȴͷ֮Ļ
ŶŶķţȴ˼㣬޲̾³ȥԼ߻ȥ
òװ·ڣӸ˾һŰԪƱҲҪ˾㣬ֱŤͷߡ
һţɣҲһǵĿ
ЦŽһ衭
ɣǿЦЦ˵˵飬Ҳö˵о仰ʡ
Ц˵裬˵
ɣ̾һ˵Ҹɩȥˣֶ㡭۸ĲҶ飬֪飬ǲȥģ԰ɣ
Ҳ̾һ裬ллΣ飬˲²͸һЩĻ裬ңһ죬ǻ֪Ǹʲôˡ
ԿηҲ֪ʲôˣҪҶˮɣ˵
ЦţҡҡͷԼȻЩͷЩ飬Լȴ޸ݵ˵
¸ɣ򵥵˵˼䣬վҪȥѩ
ֻɣ˵˵ĲеǼҹ˾ڹƱƱҲȻǴҲûʲô°ɡ
תͷʵ裬ô֪¶ģ
ɣ赭ЦЦɩЩмݹƱĲҵģǰ죬ɩ˵Ĳй˾Чܺã׼һЩû뵽磬ɩŽ˵ʲôָͣ¥ˡ
ûƱԹƱĸҲ͸ɣ֪һ򵥡ƱˣǾǹ˾׬ǮƱˣǾǹ˾ˣ
˵Ĳй˾ĹƱͣˣֻоһľϽ绰ֱӴĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼˵绰ã˵£ҲǸո˵ô˵ɣĲҲҵɷݣȫϵ̵̫£ӰУǼҵЩҵȫʵҵãǮ׬ʵ鲻ãǵʵҵӰ첻еĵһҲ˵ףģ¶ǲرӰ죡
Ĳ˼ģܹŵǣƱˣ׶ĲжӰ죬ֲжϣĲ˼ⷽʶֻܱЩ࣬Ҫ͵޹˼ɣ϶ˡ
˺һһ;ֱӰѵ绰ǼҿǱߡ
绰˺һ󣬲ŴǼҿЩǼҿ˯
㰡ôѩˣ
Цһ£ԼϵԵ˵һ飬ְԼеɻ˳
ãǼҿŴô飿˵Ǹ⣬ôͰɣ鲻ãʵҵҵ˵ʵкܴӰģҪ𣬺Ժѵȵȷ棬ԷһǣҵĲƸûжյĻǲᷢ˲䱻תƵΡ
ǼҿϸϸİһµǰĲҲҵĹϵʹǳרҵЩɽֵĸо
ܵһ仰˵йĿǰĻƣӴͬĲҵĲҵп˲̮ҪȴҲǺܼ򵥵顣
Ͼҵмǣ浽෽沿źĲӴĲҵһȥûмʱ䣬Ҳɵˡ
Ǽҿĵֻһ㣬˴Ӿ÷Ĳ۾ֽţǵҲһӦ⡣
ʵҵҵûܰߣǾʽֽţȴҪ׵öࡣ
ǼҿĻش΢һЩôֻʽ⣬׽ö࣬ĲҵԺ⣬ڿ϶ǹ˲ˡ
һԼڲΪĲҵĲҵ⣬뵽ҪˣҪмĲҲҵʧ»æҽͷö
Ҳ˵ĲҵĲҵʵʵڵİڴ⣬Ҳһͣ͸ԼڳһĿԴϢʱ䡣
ֻҪһοԴϢʱ֮ڣҵĲ۾һͻӭж⣡
ļƽϣǿǿһοɣ輸䣬漴ȥһѩ
ʵЩ鵱УĲµĻѩ
ĲҲҵξ޴˵ףҲֻʲǮ⣬Ĳ۸Ĳ˼Ůʧ٣ҲֻǲͭǵĳطԸѣǳĸĲԶɽһסҽԺҲ֮ݣѩ˯޲ߵ顣
ѩɻ˯ѣֻĿǶһƵ﷢ţʹ
ĬţѩãֱĻɣһѩϴӣŴӷ˳
Ĭһ΢΢̾˿ֵͷҽԺȥĲ˼硢ӻϡ
ܲԸȥ˵ԼȥֻǿǵԼִջûõ֣һƾվֻ鷳мյɣϼͰɣɣϼǱҲæ
ˣֻ˳⳵ҽԺ


791 ĸ
Ĳ˼ˣ΢˼䣬ȥĲԶɽĲԶɽѾѹֻͣŭӣڣȻѾѹȻЩ飬΢һЩ
Ĳ˼˽ĲԶɽӸ˵ϼ仰Ĳ˼Ȼǲãֻһ߰οĲԶɽһһЩԷ˽̸
ǰĲԶɽ֣еүү
׿ڽһүүĲԶɽץ֣ģ΢΢˵ͷݺᡣ
ȻĲԶɽЩźվ׶һһ䣬ĲԶɽıǺࡣ
ȻˣڰҲЩܣ֪ĹעĲԶɽڣĲԶɽǿܣ˳Ϣ
ʱĲԶɽԸһ˫קס֮ЦúúáССǺǡ
סںЦүӣҿ˴죬үÿһۣһٺ١үֻҶ簡
Ĳ˼һۣ΢Цôãүүô
ĲԶɽץ֣Ϸſֻ˵С˼Ѿͷ㡭ҡ
û˵꣬ĲԶɽֿ
һ߰ĲԶɽ˳һЦүү˼û¶Ǳϰأүүġ
Ĳ˼ȻûԷϰ࣬ʱôҸĲԶɽ˵ʵ
ֻĲԶɽЦһ£˵СĲڣĲԶɽҲĿˡ
Ĳ˼米󣬺ٺٵЦүӣ⻰˵ãڶǰöȥ˶ϸ˻үӲһû˳أʲôĿģء
һ󣬴ӵĻͷЦĲүүм˽֪ܲĲүү˵˵
ǡĲүү˳˿ڣһСģڡүүǰ˸Ĳ֡
ĲԶɽЩˣ˵úõؽүүʲô¶˵
һϽͷЦԲ𰡣үү
Ĳ˼˵˽Ҫ˵¶ĲԶɽ˵үүҪ˵ģ϶£үүɱ
ĲԶɽ΢΢ЦЦͷС˵ɡ
˵ͷ°ԼҪ˵Ļ˵һ飬ĩˣʵүүֻҵһ֮ʣҪôԼ⡣
˵ⷬĲԶɽҪڴϣҪָŭڴϣĲԶɽҲǴӵ۾ŭԩϣҡôôӳ
Ĳ˼ҲǰβŻعĲ˼ü΢˺һ˵Ҫôȥ𣿡
һﵹǺܲ˵ŦԼʱĿѩ岮ݳһ磬벻벻Ķоϲˡ
ĲԶɽ̾һãЩĻ˵СӽԺҵŮҲĲҵһӣôҪôԼˣϣϣ
ĲԶɽû˵ȥĲԶɽϣʲôȻúܡܹĲһʱĲԶɽϣܹһ
˵仰֮ĲԶɽı۾
Ĳ˼绹ҪٸĲԶɽ˵ϼ仰һļеŮʿ˽ǳʲôʲôôˣ֢໤ңǲ֪ȥȥ
ӱҪǻʿϼ죬һѳסӣȵ£ߣ
ĸĲ˼󣬳ĲԶɽĲҡ
ֻ˸ող߳ſڣǸʿ͵͵ľô£ģô¡
üͷ˵ӣһ񣬸㶨ʿȥ˵
һظٺٵЦģ֤񡭡
ҪתͷȥͻתٺٵЦ磬⾭ѡ
øӶ˵ǬֱͳһƱӣ˵»Ǯö٣ʱȫ㱨
ӽǮЦеĵͷһһЦúúãȥ죬֤ϵ£໰Ҳ©ȥ
ӣĲ˼üͷǲѵ˵ȷҪô
̾һĲ˼磬˼磬֪үүǰѾǾ˵ʵϵ׻жأӦñҸ԰ɣ˵ҲֻǱˮһս
Ĳ˼ĬȻãĵ̾Ϣһ
漴ȥһ³ģĵĲԶɽҪ࣬Ϊĵһ򶼲ǺܺãʱֶûժָҲ൱΢
ͬסɳĵ֣ܣעĵ壬ʱ㽫ĵָ߳ɣ̶֮ϸָߣѾΪӽָꡣ
ʱϽ֣ҪһԽĳκãһҽԺҽ߻ʿ˵Ǿ̫ˣ˵ˣĺĲ˼ҲܺǶҪŵ˵Ǿ̫ˡ
ԣĲԶɽǳģܸβε߳ɶѣµĳɣԼָ
һӻָ߳ɣ۾ҲƵڲϵĲ˼ˣĵһֻ
衭ᣬĲ˼Ҳ̲סЩʣųĵ֣͵͵Ľһ
˼硭䶯һ촽͵͵˵˼أ˼ǳȥȥˣ԰ɣ
֪ķĲĲ˼Ҳ֪ƭԼĲ˼绹Ĩȥ۽ǵˮ΢΢˵ͷǿЦŵ裬ģ˼ˣֻǱæʵûʱ㡭
ӿȴ΢΢һЦ˼磬ģ˼Сŵƽô࣬ǲˣΨһĲµľ˼Ѿͷ
̾һֽ˵СҾû˼˼ûܻǷģǷĻڲˣְֶرס˼磬֮󡭡˼͡͡˼磬ܴܲӦңúõչ˼ܵʲôί
Ĳ˼ʹȴǿЦţһ߰Ĳᣬһߴ裬㲻µģүүùˣҲ£裬ģһúõչ˼ġ
һԣȴǲɵüͷĸ۰ԼĶŮԭҲ޿ɺǣǴﵽ˳ĶԴĲ˼̶ȣǾ簮
ֲĲ˼ʱضʲô˶ˣСƢԴԭڳϡ
飬Ĳû˿Ĳ˼˼ԺҪ˭չĲ˼
ɵð̾Ϣһĸܶ
Ĳ˼˵˼仰ǿתͷһ˫ۿý˵С֪ܸɣܻǮ˼㣬ҲܷģӦһ¡
Цŵ˵ͷ̣˵
Ĳңƴһҵܹ黹ǵģ㣬Ҫ˼⺢ȥ𣿡
˵ص̾һҲӿ̶Բ˼ٸţ
Ĳ˼˶ҲȥôʹĲ˼ҲòţɣϾô˵Ĳ˼ĸף


792 ׷٣1
˵⻰ҺûڣҪȻֱӸĶ
Ĳ˵һĸ׵ģţǲĻֻ⻰˷Ȼİ
ȻߣҲֻǿסһԼĲ˼˴ĵ׶ûȥƽĲҵĲҵ˵ˣҪԵĶҲĲ˼Ĳ˼ˣĲ˼ԺҪչˣǻÿĲ˼Լ߲ˡ
ԣӱ˵ûҪȥƽϳĵĻ͵ǴӲ˽Ĳ˼ġĲѡ
ĵ壬ָܻ߳ɣǾѵúܣȻǿóȻǴЦЦԴһЩޣĲ˼ȻҲǴЦݣЦȴˡ
óҲʵںܣһᣬ˵ǶԲֻǡֻ˼СûܹίûԹ࣬ҡǷĲ¡
Ĳ˼Ĩһᣬ˵裬˵ˣҸѾӦˣʲôȥ˼裬ҲӦûǵã˵һ仰䵽ĲҲҵĵز裬ú룬仰ʲô˼
˶٣Ĳ˼˵裬Ǹֵˣ˵ĻһԾŶʳԶʣҲӦ
ĬȻͭǴƵ꣬˵Ļڶ᲻ǵãĲԶɽҲֹһθ˵⺢ӣͲƽҲ׸Щ岻Ŷ¶ûƵġ
ͬûеŵ㣬Ǯһ㶼˵ˣˬĲԶɽصģ˵һ³Ϊһر
һˣƽЦŭڹؼʱ̣һĭһӣһԾŶʳԣһۻӢۣ
ĲԶɽϳɾ۹Ȼӵһμ֪ǿżֵڵıˮ飬ֻҪǧĲ˼ĲԶɽ֪Ǹ
ĲԶɽĲ˼һʱղ̣͸
ԣ˵ĲҵĲҵÿһ֣Իǧ
Ĳ˼˵裬ĺˣϵĲʲô󲡣ֻҪעϢͲʲôף˼Ƿ⣬죬˼෽飬ҲһһĴ𸴡
ֻǿĲ˼ĬȻᣬһ仰Ҳ˵
ǰǸʿļнһΣҲûͬǰǳ⣬Ƿǳºĵʵλǡ̸ôǸøˡ
Ȼӻ֮Ľ̲סҡͷЦ
Ĳ˼˳˳ĵĲҪνУû뵽ΰһʻֱ˹
һĲ˼ˣΰϽǰڨڨĽе̽㣬㡭
Ĳ˼ΰһʱĵֱð˳ͺȵ˭̽ˣ˵˼أ˼ʲôطȥˡ
ȻͬǰΰԥĴ̽㣬Ҳ֪ⲻҲô˼ôӾƵǾͷֿˣҸͬѧһֱ˼ȥˣǲ֪һأ
࡭ű࡭Ĳ˼ĺһ˼Ҫаף㿴һôʰ㣡
ΰһƣ˵̽㰡ǲ֪˼ʲôطȥˣ˵ˣ˼ֲСˣҲǸְ賳ˣ㵽ʲôطȥɢģɢˣͻġ
Ĳ˼Ŀŷΰ˵˼ֻȥʲôطɢȥˣ
һԣʵ˼ֵʱʲôط
ΰתתƬ̲˵ڡͭǴƵſڣȻҾ͡
˵ѣҼǵûĻ˼ǿԼĳӣпô
ΰ˵֪˼˾ƵſھԹԵȥˡ
ٴ˵ϧǣ˿˼ͭǴƵ֮󣬻һ˺óһΣңҲû˿˼кӡ
㡭˵ΰƬ̣˵ȻôˣΪʲô˼ҹ˵˵
ܻôٺٵЦ˼֮󣬾Ϳų˻·뵽ϳٺ٣ѳͣһƽǰΪڣԾûȥע⵽˼Ķ򣬺ߣֱϣӲűһñʹī˿ߡ
˵Щžµ񹤷ֵģžתģҲм١
ΰֻǵЦЦ˵㶼֪ôǲ˵Ҹ˼ֿ֮󣬾ûһ𣡡
ǺٺٵЦһ˵ϧǣ֪ǶƽҲǷҵҵ
⻰÷ΰһʧһ䣺ô֪ġ
֮󣬷ΰ˵ǷҵҵֲֹһҲһ֪ߺߣ˼ȥҲϡ棬ο˼Կס
ٺٵЦ˼ٲ˵ֻһЦĿŷΰ
ΰЩ飬ϽĿתĲ˼˵̽㣬үүû˰ɣ
Ĳ˼ĺһ۾һ䲡
ΰڨڨЦЦ˵ģȥүү
˵ţϽתĵĲȥû뵽ߵſڣǸļеĻʿΰҪȥǻʿһ۷ΰ˵֢໤ң˻ص໤ڼ䣬л̽ã
ĩˣǻʿ˵һ䣺벻ҪﶺӰĹ
ΰڨڨЦЦʣ˵ôˣ
ǻʿ˵ڻ֢໤ң˵ô£ڻԲѣʱпٴαȻΣյĿܡ
ǻʿ˵ߣǸոպڼԶĵطĲ˼ܹ
ӦֶΣ⻤ʿô˵ôġ
Ĳ˼˶ǰһһۣǻĵ΢΢һЦ
ǼһԽԽˣܶ¶ϸԸһһİá
ΰվſڣȴ˲ãǿ˵ϱ裬δĸҾͿһۣͿһۡ
ǻʿ˵ĸô˲𰡣ҪΪ֣ò˸Ⱦ߳ش⣬ĵ㣬ĵ㣿˿ЩʵҪв濴
㡭ΰе
ֻǷΰûأǻʿǳ˭㡭
С㡭ΰϽֽһ
˭Сˣģô˵أǻʿ϶ʼһ㺮˪ҲЩŭ
ȷΰ˵ǻʿɴŷΰ˵߿ߣԾ򣬱
ŮʿţΰʲôҲŮʿ̬Ӳ÷ΰЩ߳ŭ˵ֻ̽˵ģҽȥҪȻ졢ȥ
Ůʿһ˵ڲ⣬ҪԲ˸졢רҹţҪߣȻת


793 ׷٣2
Ůʿΰ죬Ĳ˼˶֪Ůʿ÷ΰȥˣһЦ漴תͷȥ
ȥĲ˼˵
Ҳ˼˵ͷ˵
ȥĲ˼ͷһ۷ΰΰŮʿƵú˺üϲɵ¶һĨЦ⡣
ȥɣұơЦ
Ĳ˼絭ʵѧٵļɣ
ңұƣٺ٣ĴŮڽϣһףٺ٣ҲΡЦе˵
飬Ȥ𣿡Ĳ˼ĵүү裬ҷġ
үүĲ飬ȫģڲǶЩôҪעǣ˹Ϣһ棬ֹǹǽⷽ棬Ҹơ
Ĳ˼˺һ˵ǺãСһЩ
֪ˣһģ˳Ӧһ䣬ֵԸӻǷ棬һЩʹǮ¶
ڸĲ˼˵˼䣬ͷ뿪
ΰߣŮʿβ÷ΰŴȿһ۳ģҪǿŶûС
ΰԭҲֱȥŮʿ졢ֻԥһ֮վǷˣֻŮʿĻϵĲһڴϵĳģȻε뿪
߳ҽԺʱΰͻȻסӣͻȻʲôƵģվҽԺſڣ΢ԥһתͷȥ
ΰֻʮȴסӣƬ̣ͻȻת첽ҽԺſȥ漴һ˳һգۼ䣬˳Ѹʧڳ֮С
ΰӣԾǺ˸٣ԲŻʱʱʱʱԥĶĿΰϵ޷øٵ˴ֲ
һֵһ߼ĳ⳵оŷΰһһﲻЩĺЦ˭˵һˣͱĿ괦֮ڣ
ڸΰʮֽӽʱͽԼܣմڷΰϡ
ҪӷΰжֻҪԼȥӦһܵھͳɣΣͬڷΰϷһ׷
ܵ׷ȻԶ׷ܹӦķΧ㣬ȴ׷ࡣ
˵ˣҪ׷ĻжΣû׼ͻᱻ˷֣ܣ;ԲܹóԣΰҲû뿪ġߡ
ó⳵˾ĸΰˡ
벻ǣΰ˳ɳһ֮󣬾Ȼڻ·ȦӣƷΰڷֹ˸٣öȦӵķ˦ٵˣ󣬿־û·ϵĳӲ٣׽׷߱ϳ˼Ȧֱ֮Ӱѳ⽼ȥȴǹߡ
ĳ⳵˾Թ·Ϥ׷̫˾뷽ΰı˳㱣˽һԶľ롣
룬ոպܹоԼڵλãң룬÷ΰܷԼ׷֮⣬ΰʲôĶҲüӦķӦ
СĸţǷΰȥ·֮󣬾ȻҲûκηĶû˿ԥֱꡣ
ǻΰȥʲô
⳵˾ѳӿ껹һ·ʱ˾ѳͣˣΪоΰ˹֮Ѿͣ˵ڰʲô飬ͷѾƫңΰûлس̵˼
ΪоԼմΰϵܣȻʱʱЩķΧǺܴʱûаƶӣǷΰһڡ
ڣΰܹķΧȻǺܴ
û뵽ǣԼ߲ͣûӣ˾Ȼ֮ڡ
һ˳ӭͷϽó⳵˾ӣװͿ͵ͨ⳵
һ˳ܿĳ⳵
ʮֿٵɨһˣֿһԼʶˣӣˣҲͷΰһ㡣
ӽһ˲䣬˳ļʻԱĽҲŤͷرϸĿһ۳⳵Ρ
ͽӰȥֱǿ˳ӦǿԼ
˳˺һһֱ
ֻողһȴ̸еմڷΰϵʮֿٵƶƶٶȷǳ죬ڿųܡ
ֻһ˲䣬оմڷΰϵڣӣӦǷΰѸܹоķΧ
׹Ӧǿ˳˷Լ֪ͨ˷ΰ
΢һ£ͳֻһʱ䣬ѾӽߵˣѾһĨĺɫٹһСʱͻ
ɴ˳⳵˾˼䣬ó⳵˾ԸȻȥ
ǳ⳵˾ͦģ˵绰룬˵ֻҪҪʹĵ绰ʲôʱ浽
߳⳵˾˿ǰ˸·ûûû˻ῴԼĻᣬһȻȿ
գ֮䣬㵽ǰΰĵطһ֮£ŷ֣һȽϼªСĺԺ
˸εĵطϸĿһĺԺԺ棬ϣԿһЩΰµĶ
۵һɲǣֲĺԺϢԲֻзΰһ˵ģԺϢȻʮ֡
ʮֲϢʮԣҲ˵ڸղŲǰԺ棬ΰһʮˣ
룬ֽ˵һ˫۾棬͸ɨһĺԺķ棬⼸䷿棬ֻˡ
ϵϢҲԺϢҵ֮ӦϢ
ţӣڻڵˣµİΰڵʮĸˣһߵġ
СԺӣǴڡʮ·ڱϣ˳·һˮ·ǰһ·ȴһͷͨһͷͨ걳ɽĻ·
Ƿΰ˵ϢֻǴĺԺԺſڣȻʧĸɸɾ˵ΣǰоԼմڷΰϵƶٶƲ⣬ΰӦų뿪
Ҫ׷ٷΰ޷ڶʱ֮ȷΰȥ
֮£ֻþǰ·һһȥҡ
ϾΰֻǸո뿪ãǿųӣҲһߵ̫Զ
ڿԳĺɫ٣棬ụ̂Ժ޹˼ɵȫ񱼡
һѡֱߣͨ걳ɽ


794 ׷٣3
ý߾ȫٶȣͨ걳ɽ׷ȥ˽ʮӡ
··ԼڵٶȺͻ˵ʱĻΰǾǿųӿ񱼣ҲӦñ׷ϣֻϣûгҲûˣմڷΰϵܣûао
ˣҲֻõͷܿصʮ·ڡ
ʱҹĻѾȫ˴أһüƵµңҹ·̫
ʱ򣬹ĴҲѾУܰʢ͡
ֻʮֿڣָ·ϵġ΢һ£ֱȥ
ûԶ㿴˵ǿùӦǴʱڣԣֻܿҪǣֲΧµĹ򰾢ɣԼʮƽڣȻͬػ
Դ䷱ïһڣ궼ԡƢĹζ֮龰
·ﶼһ˿η֮⡣
˹ķݱϡ裬·࣬Ҳʮ֮˼Ҹϡ١
ٴη񱼡
һ߱ܣһŷΰʮˣ׻ȥʲôطĲ˼ʲôϵ
Ĳ˼ԸŷΰߣҲڸʮһīڵɽҰ꣬ɲʲô顣
ʱһطԭģҲԼѩ˽ض
һ֪ģֿӶضǣһãĸӶʬ޴棬Ҷʲôģ͸˵ˣ¡
ɴˣԸԼҴ˷ҲԸĲ˼ʱһط
ֻԸϾֻԸضвʱоΰմŵһܡ
Ҳ˵ΰȷضߣĲ˼ûиһţҲ֪һ
ھ뷽ΰ׵ʱٶȣؿ˹ȥ
û뵽ǣΰһˣѳͣ·ߣιңΰȷλãͬضĶڣھض׵档
Ǳŷָ֣·ϣֵġԭ治Լض
ڷΰһĵطҲһɽң滹ıʾ֡
ΰڶڼװʲôģӣҪ뵽档
߽һЩֻһ˶Էΰ˵٣϶ŷ֣϶ûԶ˹ĺۼٺ٣ƣıأĴڡ
ıأһЦıأǸԼѩһըôΰڲңҲǺ֪ˡ
ΰЦЦ˵£ǶҪлĲСٺ٣ûİôõõǷͼ
⻰ΰ˼Ĳ˼ԷΪʲô򹤡﷽ΰõԼƤ飡
Ĳ˼³һѪĲ˼ԼѧҵˣǱԼߣǾȻΪ˷ΰõԼƤ飬﷽ΰѰıأ
˵ţΰ̾һ˵ʵĲСѾͷҲͦ׵ģòײŴǸѵͼȫ׳֪ϼһǲȫ˵ʵ
Ҳ֣Ĳ˼ôõõԼղõƤ飬ԭǴͳģ۰ȻҲ֪ϵݡ
ΰ˵˵˵ͷЦ˵٣ʵĲСѾͷҲܲӲ˿۵ͣٺ١
ΰ⣬˵˵ˣôʱ䣬ǵзûУ
üЦĴǴ˶ֻ֪ضǽصͨ˭Ҳ֪ضͨٺ٣죬ҵ뱦صڣǺǣһɢ
ڱ̲סЩЦǼ񵽵СӦǵϵġ
ΰšһҲЩϲô˵Ѿӽرĵطˡ
˱üЦģһ˲ЩεĴӦǽӽˣͨ𻵵úأöطǾ޴ʯͷȥ˵ԽȥԽΣգµЩֵܣҪǮ˺üˡ
һ˵ҪǮΰʱ˺һ˵ҪȻɣõ֮ٸֵٷֵ㣬ɱʮһļǮҪʵڵöࡣ
ֻҡҡͷ˵ҵЩǣ˵ôӣҲȲֽ˵ڻŵͨڣ·ܳ
ΰһ˵ҽҲֻֽٶ࣬һòˡ
˵˷ΰΪʲôôŴĲҵˣıأ˵Ѳ֪ıԼѩԻװãը˸һͿ
ЩƱ棬ҪرҪĻѣ֡
Ҫյ㹻ƱľѣȻǳеˣأֲ̫ʧʵݵķӣǱͨĲ˼ˡ
ôţ˵٣飬ٺ٣ǲ̫˵ʮĸɣǮʵڲô򷢰
ΰ̾һ˵Ҳʵ˵ɣҵĿǰЩѣԭƻúúõģû뵽ͻȻĲƣһǮҲҪһСӣҲǾúܽǰ绰˵һɵĳ⳵ء
˳Ƭ̣ЦЦ˵ʲôҪҪҽм˰﷽ˣ
ΰҡҡͷǼ򵥣ϻбĲҶʽֱЩʽǿϧˡ
ЦЦ˵ǻ򵥣Ҽˣˣʽ𲻾͡ٺ١
һЦ˵Ҳǲ֪ߵغԼûǵ鷳ǵĽˣȻҪԼ鷳
ҪҪʹֶΣ֪ߵغ񳢳û뵽ʱܳˣһܻһ˷ܲһĴеҵˡҵˡ
ֵӳ֮£ֻһһҸЦݵ˳
Ǵ鴮ӦҲʱģǺܳΪ飬ƼֵҲڶʮңôֵǮԸΰ̸Ǹ˺ͼ鴮˵һʾ޴ĲƸһֵڴϣ
ΰЦӯӯĽӹ鴮˿Ц磬ϲˣֵʮңǺǡ
鴮ſñ۾ЦгһٺٵЦʮ򣬺Ǻǣ϶ֵˣ˲̰ģֻҪֵʮҾˡ
ΰЦ磬Ҳ̫СˣͨĲƱֹǧٸһ򣬵ʱһ𷢲ơ


795 ޳֮ͽ1
ñ˵̰ģֻҪʮˣ⵱ȻĻһģֻҪʮˣɵ
ֵֻʮҵĶΰӲ˵ֵʮ򣬿·ΰڷųߵ㣬ҧĻ֮⣬ҲΪ˸ЩһŴıҪȻЩͲԸϹ
ΰպ鴮ЦЦ˵磬Ϲأ´ιٴǮ㣬Ǻǣϸ磬𣿡
ñ˺Цʲôˣ˵ĻǾһĭһŶһԾŶô᲻أٺ١
ΰЦЦʵôˣ
ñЦЦ˵շṩͼֽĿ껹нһס
ΰϵЦݶʱЩӲ˺һ˵⵽׻Ҫòܴͨ
ñСĴ˵ǰڹ̣ģǲϺ͹ʣĿǰ
ΰЩ٣ǿЦʵ磬˼ʽĻԼҪͶ룿
ԼҰɡñЩĿŷΰ˵ڵΣĹ̲࣬ǵĹҪ˼ķȴȴҪö࡭
ΰ״ñԼһ˶Ҫ˼ɵʲôǿЦЦֻ˻֣˵ãˣʽ棬Ҽȥ취ⷽ棬ȫˡ
˺ٺٵЦЦֺ䣬תͷٴν뵽档
˵Ӱȫʧĺڰ֮Уΰ΢΢̾һǰ˵ҵøϽⶫͻȥߵ飬鷳ˣУǮ飬ģһܿҪǮ͹
ЦЦ˵ҲãСЩ
ΰšһתͷȥ·ߵĳӡ
ڰ΢΢ԥһ£Ҫ̸ΰ߾񣬵һתֲɵЦΰһȻ˴ĲҲҵĵز˵һͱĿѾСˣβѿͱ
ļƽϣڷΰαװ򿪳֮һ˲䣬ڳӺŪ˵춯
ΰҪ꣬Ӻ쳣춯ºǾתͷֵӺȥһ
ᣬŵ˳ӣں档
ΰСΧųӼһתȴûʲô쳣֮ԹԵһڣȻϳ
˳ӣΰִ򿪳죬һ֣һ߿
һ·ϵߵòݰѳӿص꣬˴Ӳƽ
ʱΰŹ˳ϵ죬˺һ˵˼
Ŷ䣬ϸȥֻĲ˼˵ıܳӦһӵĵطĲ˼ЩĴΰʲôطȥҹ㣬ȴڣĵ绰ֹػ
ΰٺٵЦЦ˵˼ҲæڿͷϣԲ𰡣ȥԴŵӰòã
Ĳ˼ǱϲѵĴ㲻ƭҵİɡǺڴӴ
ôƭҵСأ˵ңǱƭҵСҶ̵ģǺǡΰЩ˵
Ĳ˼Ǳ߸мÿҪˣ˺һ˵ΰлл㡭
ΰЦЦ˵˼лң˵ʵߵ飬˵鷳Щƣ棬ɢɢģһҪллԸҲǡ
Ĳ˼ǱЩʣΰǸ˻ǳǵһ뵽ңԸһ֣øһֵˣ̫ˡ̫ллˡ
ں棬ֻϵļƤסϵģģû鵽ô޳ܵġ
ƫƫΰ˵˼Ǻ޲̼㣬һ𣬸һҵķգ㰲οοңܹ㹻ģȥӭսҲֻ㣬ܹοң㹻ġ
ûģץץӲţ̲Ҫڳϲȥȴֿ©ΪҪĶ˵ˣΰĲ˼˵̸ǲҪ꣬Ҳǲòȥ
Ĳ˼˵ϧǣȴﲻ˼ΰ࣬ûãΰܸ˵˵ѵô𣿡
ΰһЦ˵ʵҲûʲô֪һʱһ׮԰ɣ׮⣬ҾǳͷˣҲͿ˳һ𣬿ǣҲ֪ļѣûǮеĵ
Ǯ𣬻١Ĳ˼Ƿǳʵڣֱ˵˷ΰȥȴֱ˵Ŀġ
ΰЦЦ˵Ҳ̫࣬ҲͲһǧ򣬲ҪͶǧȥҿԺܸ㱣֤һ£ܻʮĻر
Ĳ˼жٱĻر̫⣬ֻԥ˵Ҵ㻨ǮѾȫˣүүǱõһЩǮǶѾ
ĲңĲ˼ܹҪǮֱõõǮģҲֻĲԶɽڶҽԺĲ˼Ĳ۾ˣĲ˼Ҫõʵʽ𣬵Щѡ
ΰƬ̣Ц˵˼ȥүү裬һֱţҷ˺ôľſλ˼һۡ
˵Ĳ˼Щеʵүү趼ôˣǺõô
ΰתתЦѾ˺ܶˣ㵹õģû¡
Ĳ˼šһã˵ĺȥǡ
ΰȴ˵˼ȥүү裬ҸʵĻɣҪúܽңǳھȥĻֻѿ
˺һĲ˼ŴðɣҾģ㻹Щʽ¸ôźá
ΰЦЦ˼ǾܵĿģܵˣֻҪ㿪ĵĹÿһ졭ٺ١˼Ǯңÿ˵Ρ
Ĳ˼ǳƬ̣˵ΰҪһȥǱϰɣһʽϵѡ
ôУΰĽеôյǮҵΣôҪȥ棿
Ĳ˼̾һ֪ҲкܶѴҲĿһΪûûҹıܰﵽģҲ࣬Ҹһͬеһΰɡ
ǡΰ̾˵ĺ֪ҷΰ޺ˣϧǣȴܸһůļңܸܵİȡ
ںƤһأθҲסĳ鴤Ҫǹ˼Ųھ;˷ΰҪ³
ͬʱҲĲ˼еЩΰƾż䲻黰ܹĲ˼ˣתҪ׵׵ĸַҪҪģװĵЩʲô
ҪȻɡΰ˵ȿԼܴܲҪʽһղĻȥ˵˵ĻҲܹĸ


796 ޳֮ͽ2
Ĳ˼̾һֻôӦ˵ˣϸģҪȻӰ㿪ġ
ΰߣ´죬ǵһ߿һߺ
оΰӣ޲̾ʹܳһ޳֮ͽ뷽ΰͱĿֻǿסھΰĳ嶯
һ·ţãŽ뵽ͭǳΰųӣܿתϳһҽСݺ衱ǰͣ˳
漴ΰ³ֺǻĿһΧȷʱ򲻻˸٣Ž
Ϊΰ³ʱ˳ţ˺ôŴӳ
ӣ˵Աߵһ۵ĸŻ˺һ󣬲ǿסԼĶġ
ҪȥΰĲ˼˵ЩʲôǹǵܻзΰĵֲʱԼ¶´ݾߣֻ˸Ƚεĵطóֻ๦ܣȻȴΰĲ˼
һȣСʱʱ䣬쵽ʮˣΰŷѾЩƣ۵Ĳ˼˳ӣȻֱȥԴŵӰ
㵽ƬȻ룬ٸȥ
ԼҲûˣûȥϢһ£˵ˣߵҲüʱ֪ͨĲ˼磬ʡǵġ
ϳҽԺкüֻ˳⳵ϵҽԺ
ټĲ˼ʱĲ˼һŭݣһ˶Ȳվ
̲סʵôˣ
Ĳ˼üͷû˵ΪĲƣ
˺һĲ˼˵СˣүүģʵȴҪЩҵĹȨġ
㲻ϣԸС峳һܣЦЦʵ
Ĳ˼һ˵ܹôܽȨС塭
һŭǼһǡߣӲ˽ȥ
Ӷ˵õĲƴĲ˼òʲô϶ܻĴ֢ܽ໤ңȥĲԶɽƹֻ֪ĲԶɽߵôˡ
үүһֱǻ˯ѣСʲôҲûõĲ˼̾һ˵
Ĳ˼ôһ˵Ƿ°Լȥٷΰ˵һ飬óֻĲ˼˿˷ΰĲ˼һƬ
Ĳ˼˵ΰڷıأղѣŭȥ
һȴЦúúãȥңһĿӶȥʱƨɳźãٺ٣Ƕʲôý
ҲЦϴ󣬱żԸΰѾ˱ȽҷõķӣǺǣ˵ʱ÷үƨϴ֣ٺ١
˼Ĳ˼ȻޣվǵĸΰһĲ˼
Цһ˵ҹƵû죬پͻᡮҵ˼Ȼֱӽ˼Ȼ˼Էϰ࣬飬ҪĬϣһϷ
Ц˵ϴ󣬾˼ӣ棬ҿֻܶ²ˣƶ磬ǵȹһ˵
ϷôݣĲ˼̾һ
ЦЦҪϷǾ͵ݳһ̨ϷǺǣʱϴһԿžˡ
Ĳ˼绹ҪϷϸڣǿӣ϶ǲǰ͸ģҲֻסȥ
һ˷ܵʵ磬Ϸ϶ʵĿ㣬ٺ٣ʲôط
ٺٵЦ㣬ǿŷҴүƨڽ㱼ˣٺ٣㻹뿴ʲô㣿
֪͸¶ҲֻЦЦա
£˾ʱԹᣬĲ˼Ҳûܺˣ֪Ĳ˼䣬֪Ĳ˼ת˲٣ֻһиӿ
֢໤ңԭҲҪʱʱ̵̿ػţĲ˼ȴǺһչ˲ܣ˳룬ĲԶɽ߳
ɴˣĲ˼ˣĲԶɽԼ˵ļ໤Ųи
Ĳ˼ʵЩŲס·ԸӣҪĲ˼ȻȥϢһ£ߵ飬ͿȫԼ
ԭϣǼܲסȰ壬˵ʲôȻȥʰһžǱߵ飬ϾžǱߣõ񹤲Ĳ˼ѾˣܼٵĿ֧͵þļ١
һӵˬĴĲ˼뿪ҽԺ
һ磬Ĳ˼ñ±װһɣļողڣĲ˼ڷΰ棬橶
һĲ˼磬ΰظһ˵̽㣬أˣڣҾͰǣҲϴҵɡ
һڼѿ˵ô͡
Ԥƣΰ˵ҪȵԼȥһЩʽ֮Ĳ˼Լģû뵽ŹϣΰȲİĲ˼˹ԼȥʽʲôģҲͳ˹
Ĳ˼ͷ͵͵Ľһ㡭򡭡Ҵˡ
Ĳ˼˵ᷢʲô飬Ĳ˼ϴҲ⣬ֻǵ˵֪ͺá
ЦЦ˵˼Ȼҡ򡯣ٺ٣ҾͲò˵䣬ǰ飬Ժɾ͵Ҫһ⣬ڹϵ飬Ҳò֪ͨһΪ޹ʿ
Ļû˵꣬Ĳ˼Ͻ˵֪֪޹ʿԿңĵĺڣҪͿҵĹʺˣ١١ߣµĹʣҲҪˣֻ㲻Ҫң֪˻𣬽͸һĴĻɡ
ЦЦ˵ȻԼ˵µĹʶԿ۵ҾͲˣµĹҾͿˣڻ᲻ᱻٺ٣ʱ䣬ҪҾ⣬ҪȻԶְ
Ĳ˼ǰ̸ֳľ󡪡ҪԼϳԷһøָĿֲͲ̵ֶﵽĿġ
õǣֻҪԼõҪﵽԼĿģҲҪ죬˵ˣΪ˷ΰԷǵԼҲȥһˣ̣ҲֻҪ̹졣
ѣҧҧҲͦȥˣ
Ĳ˼ҧͷ˵ллᣬͻȥϰ࡭
ٺ١һЦȴ˵лң˵ˣȻҪϰ࣬ϰɣ
Ĳ˼˿ûлɵɫΰﻹĸһ£ֻ˵Ĳ˼̾ͿȥԷϰ࣬ĻԼĿҲʹﵽˣû뵽ȴĲ˼ҽԺϰ࣬һʱ֮䣬ΰʧ
ֻΣΰҲұֳȰ˼˵öԣȷЩԣǰ£ɵҪúõķʡʡ
˵Ĳ˼䣬ΰϽתƻ⣬Ĳ˼磺㣬үүôˣЩ𣿡
Ĳ˼粻䲻ȵĴãԵϵĴȥסȥžͳɡ
ΰ˵ͷװģߵűߣ̽ͷϵĴӿһ£ֻϻ֣һҲ
תȥĲԶɽĲԶɽҲǺòȥͬǴ֣һĻ˯š


797 õˣ1
ǷΰΣԷΰЦЦЦݣתͷĲ˼˵㣬ҲЩҪүү裬ֻǽˡ
Ĳ˼˾㶼ֻǳòЦһ£Ҳ˵Ϳͳŵ˼
ΰ֪Ȥúܣ̲ĸĲ˼˼䣬š
Ĳ˼Լ֮ԻȥϢһ£һ뵽ȥ֮󣬶ֻҪȥȡжһձƬҲϢĲ˼ǲ̡
ԣĲ˼練ߣҽԺϢһ¡
ڻɽҰ붼˯úãҽԺ˯һҲϢúá
ʱĲ˼ĹɣʲôСģ˵Ҵһɨسš
ƫƫʱ䵭Ĳ˼Ĳ˼˵ʲôʲôȥǣĲ˼˵һ֣࿴һۡ
Ĳ˼һãȥĲ˼˵Ĳ˼Ҳ֪Ĳ˼һνӽĿģԣĲ˼Ҳǲ䲻ȣ
ҽԺ΢ϢһǿָһЩ¶Ĳ˼˵˼磬ѩǱߣҲЩʱûȥһˣ˼һ£ӹ㡣
Ĳ˼֪ȻƣۣȴŲĲҵ飬˵ǻȥѩҪȥĲ۾
Ĳ˼ǲ̣˵Щ飬Ҳһʱɵģ壬Ҫ۵õȥˣָô죿
Ĳ˼һֹ˵Щ˶һУģŹģߡ
Ĳ˼һۣȵʲôֱ˵Ƶģ˵ķ
Ĳ˼Ͻ˵㡭ϰ壬Բ𡭡
г˵˵Բ𣬴͸˼һҪ˼֮һӣߺߡ
Ĳ˼˵͡ҹʡ
ٺٵЦˡ
Ĳ˼Сʵʲôˣ
ÿĹˣֱˣ죬һ׺ݵ˵
ҡĲ˼Ĳ˼ߣһҲܣֱӽ
Цʲôңûõҵ£ҿСҾ͸ֱӳ㣬Ų㡣
Ĳ˼һ׺ݣֻһ£ηηסĲ˼֣ҪĲ˼米ȥ
Ĳ˼Ҳסֻ̾һ˵ɵҪСһЩ
˵ͷ漴Ĳ˼˹ţԸ˼磬ҪĹؼʱ̣ߵİȫȫˣסΣ˭ȥүү衭
Ĳ˼Ȼ֪ĲԶɽھĲҵĹؼκεʧĲҲͿˣԣԼϵĵӣȷҲء
ݵĲ˼ȻʹҲֻͷѣʾȫԼס
ҽԺһͷýӦҪȥĲǱߵܴܲĲõĲ۾Ϣ٣ŪĲһļƻҲҪ
ֻողϳ⳵ֻȴͳһɵЩԾ
绰ȻǼҿģ
ڼڵ˷ɻո·ɻǼҿڵ绰˵
Ҳû뵽ǼҿͻȻ֮䵽
ǼҿЦ˵ôԾ˼ôԽھ÷飬ҹҪæԣٺ١
ԱԸ⳵תȥһ˵ܹæлˣ㻹˹¶棬ɣȴԭر𶯣ҹ㡣
ǼҿٺٵЦһ˵Ȼڻ˹¶棬ͱң©ϢɣͭطҲϤ˵طҵȥס£лٹ
ҲǼҿ취ãԸΰǲڻ£ԼȷӦ磬ҪԸȷΰöĲƣµȷס
ǲ˵ᾭ飬ǸĲϼ޻˶ھϣĵԵЩ㡣
ܶ飬Ĳƿġı֡ı֮ΰġıҪѶԸö࣬ⴿᾭıƴ޹غԼж
˵ĲܹʹֶΣóĲҲҵļƻ飬ҪĲҲҵĹȨùȥܣҲֱӽĲƸ¡
ڷΰ˵㹻࣬㹻ֶΣİڲҲ˵ҪôǾ͵ÿ顣
ǡı롰ıı
˵绰֮ó⳵ֻ˲Ȼֹջص·
ң˻·ó⳵˾ͣͣڿ·ϵķ羰Ƶģ⳵˾ȻЩ֣ҲʣѾ㹻⳵εһǮҪôߣ⳵˾ô
ó⳵˾ڻ·Ȧǳ⳵˾Ҳһɫµϳ벻ĸں׵ĵط
ֲһԭиٵˡ
⳵˾ˣ͸˵ˣɲɫֻʲôûó⳵˾ʱʱţ⳵˾
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ǰǽ´ġ
ʦ⿪ļӦǿܶɣ
˵ⷽ⣬⳵˾Ժʮѧ꣬࿪ʮ꣬Ǻǣ̳ʲôоɣǿ⳵һЩ
˵ͷЦʦˣӦǶͬǵĵ൱Ϥˡ
⳵˾ǺǡЦǺǣ͸Լɣȫʮ·ʮֵʮҪ֧·Ĳİپʮиո޽İ֧·깤
⳵˾ȻϤúܣ˵ͭǵĵ·䡣
ۡɵþ̾һôϤԼһ
Ǳģ⳵˾Цͷ⣬ƴľ׼ȷݣϤ·ſ·˼һˣͻͶߡ
ЦЦܰټһͭĵ·ǳļסڵ϶ǳ˲ٵĿɣ
⳵˾ЦЦѾȥˣǺǣȷǳ˲ٵĿ࣬ҼǵãʱĹ۾԰·Ǳߣһеĵеһ֮ڣҾΥĴΣǺǡǷ˺ü٣ҪڰǺǡ
˵ͷ˵֪ǸʱΥ£ҲСö࣬ھͲһˣŻ߱ĻҪ۷֡
ǺǣСֵܣ㻹ͦġ⳵˾Ц˵Ҳǿյİɣ
ЦŴǰЩӣиѽѧЩǴѧġ
⳵˾Ц˵ѧʲôҪѧùأʵʲʱ򣬾ͻٴ


798 õˣ2
⳵˾ĬһͻȻ˵Сֵܣҿһֱڿźµϣô£ĳ׷ɱɣ
⳵˾⻰Ȼеţóܽš
ЦЦ˵ʦòŽţǳһˣô˵أ˾ᣬϲЩǮȱ£ҲˣǰҴ绰ģŮѣǼһ֪ȥŮѣԾ͡
⳵˾ЦЦԭ֪ȥŮѣ뻵£԰ɣ
⳵˾˵ţҲ¶ɫ˵Ͱִ󷽣˵ˣǰǸ绰ҲԷȷԸӴʲôˣӣ˳ɱ˵ȱµȥͺ¡
Ļ⳵˾
ȴ˵ǼһԼһĳӣֲҪ·зһҾţʦȻͭôϤ϶֪ЩضΣļþͻȥĻǻ˦
ڻ·ϣҪ˦׷ߣǲܵ飬̫֮⡣
ôһ˵⳵˾еĵʵЩߵĵطߣҵûʲôȥʲôΪҿɲȥҶӵˣЩõģ㲻ȥЩ°ɣ
ЦŴʦȥأһֱ𣬾ǼֻҪʦЩߵĵطһߣ˳ֻиɵۣҲͺȥҵŮѼˡ
˾ЦЦҿ˼ۣЦ˵⻹˵ǰ治ԶжαȽƫƧ·ſʼʩһ˾֪Ǻǡ
˵ţ⳵˾ѳӿ»·һҪֵһº棬ֺµϳҲǺܿľ͸ٶȺܿ죬ʱӽʮ׵ľ롣
ӣӵˣǺ½ֵϳ̫󣬿ܸԲŲһе׷
ЦЦʾ⳵˾΢һ㣬ӣ溦ºİµ׷Ƶġ
⳵˾һ߿һЦ˹ȻǮQ7һٶĳ
˵ţ⳵˾ӹսʱµϳֳڳ⳵˾֮ڣǿµϳļתʱͷ
⳵˾̲סЦ˵ļǲôǺǣ⼼ұ֤ǰ治Զܰ˦
ЦЦ˵ǾͶлʦˡ
Ϊײǰµϳ˾Ҳһһ·ĵСģһ׷˺üֵ
ǰĵ·խӵ˳ӣ⳵˾䣬࣬µϷЩ
µϳҲǺƴһ·ϿȣûһҪм˼
⳵˾ٺٵЦ˺һ󣺡˵ǲ벻ߺߣҵġ
˵ţ⳵˾һ̣ӹսһխӣӲҲ͸ոһܹȥģвпܹв䵽ߵķǽڡ
뵽СûԶµϳȻԽԽӽʱȻʮ׵ľ룬ֱʱ⳵˾һЩɻ󣺡㲻˵˵ļõô⼼
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µϳҲǳһϽع̣û뵽֪ôģȴһӻصùˣͷһڣ⳵˾һϡﻩĲ
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ӺӾӹ龰⳵˾ٺٵһЦ˵ļǲһã
ֻǰµϳ˾ǲֻ΢΢һ֮̽׷˹
⳵˾ΪĴỵ̂ʱǰһʩ·棬ǰӦܵҪǰһұߵǽԣԭұߣڳһһ߶ʮĺ
⳵˾ֳȥӾ˻ߴһ·̣Ȼ󾡿ܵؽӿߣо⳵ұߵֻ̥һ뻹·ϣһ붼ȫ˺档
κǺܹܳҲŲʮףʧӾͼпܲұߵĺ档
⳵˾һʹܹ˹ȥȵľͷ⳵˾ȥĵúӾ
ʱոպÿµߵĺӾε÷飬漴һƫ̥Ҳһº
ȻҲǹµϳһʱҲ
һ亹Գ⳵˾ĴָЦü
⳵˾ЦСҸҶҪٸݵģ
ֻϧǣʼûǿµϳˣ˭ǿµϳˣһͻȻҲģҲ˵Ѿԣһʱ֮Ҳ³¶档
⳵˾ѳӿ̲סٺ١ֱ֣µϳˤʲôǿɸϵҲûУ˭ôãҪԼ
ֻǳ⳵˾Ҳ벻µϳˣþǼжǡãҪǵڴ·ϣ˶೵ĵط˼޹µϳͲֻǲû׼շֱײϱĳʲôģҲ˵һ
ܵ˵һʴȣԸ˼޹ǿµϳˣŽҶ˳һ١
ǰ˽ףһǮЦжԳ⳵˾˵лʦæǺǣǮһ⡭
⳵˾Щ˵ô͡
Ǯ⳵˾Ǹм˵ʦŴæҲûƻҸŮѼˣǺǣҵøϽȥŮѡ
⳵˾ЦЦҲã´㣬㻹ңúóԵ񡭡
Цţ˵˼˳⳵漴߽һѸʧ֮С
ʱڣĲ˼Ĳ˼ֻһ򵥵֢໤棬ǿ˵
ţͷϲһȦɴɴ滹ѪĲƣߵĲ˼Ĳ˼ǰ
Ĳ˼˵ĲƱ˵˼硢˼ǽڣмҲòǣ
С壬˵Ĳ˼絭˵
Ĳ˼ȴЩŵĿĲƣ仰ҲҶ˵
ĲɨһĲ˼ų˵Ĳҵļй˾ָͣˣְ֣ʱҲ֪ʲôطȥˣҪٲҾֻܳˡ
Ĳ˼絭һЦڲĲҵĲҵСģ˭ڶնóѣһ㣬ڹϵóѣǼй˾оˣҪùĲҵĲҵôף
ĲƻΪԼôһ˵Ĳ˼ζһ˿ңû뵽Ĳ˼粻˿ΪгƵġ
ĲƵ˽⣬ϵ飬Ĳ˼һϲͨ㲻Ĳ˼ôһգ֮䣬࣬һӦ֮
ѵ̸ķӣ


799 ս
Ĳ˼ǺǽŵĿĲ˼磬һֱͨͨӣȺĲ˼аձסĲҵĲҵϣĲ˼ܹеһбס
Ĳ˼ܱסĲҲҵпƻĲ˼ļƻĲ˼סĲҲҵĻĲ˼ۣ¾ͲĲҵġСˣ֮£ѵĵĲ˼Ȼûܶõġ
ˣĲ˼ϣĲ˼аܱסĲҲҵϣĲ˼ʵûӱסԣĲ˼ʵҲǳìܡ
Ĳ˵˼磬ñϣСëϣƨĸëӣҲĲҵ飬ҾͲзı£
Ĳ˼ɵĴС壬£ٸ˵һ飬һСëӣһΨһܹˣΣһУΪĲ룬һЩ
˶٣Ĳ˼ּ˵С壬ǷǳʱڣѾȫȨһЩĲҵСòҪӸ棬Щ飬ҿԿһ˵ķϣԼƽϣҾͻΣͬʱҲСĳЩ飬ܹ˼Уõʱڣ
ߡĲƺһŭСѾͷƬӣҽѵңߣ飬ûкڹң飬ҲȫΪĲңʲôֵúڵģ
Ĳ˼Ƭ̣һĵ˵㣬ҪȻҪȻСӹܼҹ˾ҲáҲùġһĹ˾Ͽ
Ĳ˼ĺǳҪ˵ûȨ֧˭ȥӹʲô˾ȨҲӦΪĲеĲҵ˵ᱻϿ壬ҲͲҪʲôȥӹܣ
ǰְĲ˼ҪĲ˼磬ǻһڣѾǲ԰οƽĲ˼ЩηĲ˼㣬ʱĲ˼ĺǳһ٣Ĳ˼Ҳٲ˵ȥˡ
ĲΪԴˣּϷŭ˵ʱһԵúŤ˼磬ҴΨһܹεһŮӣҴ£ʱĴ
ΪĲҵ棬ôҪôܸģֻǽ顭ÿǿҵĽ飬ҪȻȵĲҿ̨Ĳҵˣ
ҲȥʲôΣҲȥʲôҪб£ͰҰְһúѹȨڸ˵ʲôûãĲ˼纮ǲͷ˵
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Ĳ˼絭һЦҪָƲСȷȨҪСһ䣬Ȩǵһ˶еģ룬ҲҪǺָСܹ𣡡
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ˣĲ˰ΣŭãȻ粻ڣɩֻԲѣһҵĽ飬ҿɾͰѻˣԺĲҵвҵκⶼûϵ
Ҫһˣ̾ͻش˵ֻҪ㲻մ֣۽ΣȷͲκιϵ
Ĳ˼˵Ĳô˵Ծһ֡׻ĳɷݣֻҪĲ˼˵ĲƷͿԷſֽţôôʱ򲻹ĲҲҵ˶⣬ĲֻҪһ仰ܹȫжĲ˼硣
ֻĲ˼ֺεȵĻʹĲƵĻζԣĲ˵ˣĲ˼ŵһЦûܹĲҲҵҲȥˣСĽ飬Ͳܹȥɺִеģҵ룬ΪĲҵһӣ˭ȥάĲҵ棬˭˵˭йϵûϵ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵ĲƵıӶЩˣĲҲ֪Ĳ˼Ѳû뵽ֻڶ̶̼Сʱ֮󣬾ȻǴʷ滹̶ȣĲ˼綸Ȼ֮䶼ĲƹĿ࿴
˵ˣһǼһڱĽ
һ뵽Ĳƾ͵ͲһĲ˼ԼԣԼǡšһµϳҲǻϣǿ벻̡
ĲģűӣĲ˼һʶʱ񡭡
˵ţתͷ뿪ڲϵͷĲԶɽԼڵĴɩö࿴һۡ
Ĳʱȷû˼ȥĲԶɽԼɩˣ˵ҲǽͷöˣΣ̵ʱ֮ڣĲ۾֮ǰҵĲ˼İ취ⶨõһмƻ룬ΪһּƵķݡ
Ȼվ鿪ȥ
ĲƼҴҵ֮Ĳ˼Ĭһ󣬵͵͵ĸĲ˼˵㣬롭롭
ˣҴӦ뿪ҵߣʲô£͸˵Ĳ˼˵
Ĳ˼˺һ˵ȥ͸
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˵ҽԺĿҪˮζҲƣүүչŵģǾͳȥ߰ɡ
˵ߣĲ˼Ҳߵ̫Զ͸Ĳ˼˵ݣ¥ԱߵļС̳ΧҽԺ̻档
뵽̻Ĳ˼Ĳ˼˶ǳĺһ˵ʵҽԺغˣȻʲô棬εѹ֣ʵ˺ܲ
ڶʯ̾͵СϣĬĬ˺üӣĲ˼ŵʵ㣬аգðְֵЩ˾գ
Ĳ˼ͣ½ŲתͷĲ˼գûգ˼Ҹ㣬Щҵȫġ
ҵġĲ˼һ˺һ˵˵ְְеĲҵҡ
ûСĲ˼Ĳ˼֣˵ְֻûҲû׿˵ҪеĲҵ㣬ҸѾˣ˽֮Ǿͳʱֻ㣬ԣĲҵĲҵҲȫ
ġĲ˼ЩĲ˼磬һˮ
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ڣĲ˼װ׵ĸĲ˼˵˽֮Ĳ˼ȫӹĲҲҵʵԶԶĲ˼
ԣĲ˼Ǽкìܡ
ʲôʱƭ㣡Ĳ˼΢΢̾һ˵˼Ҫ֪ΪʱƳĲҵ˹ƣĲҲҵձҸҲ޻˵ûǸȥӪˣҲԹñˡ
ǣĴ治ͼ÷ǳֶȡĲҲҵĻһ乫˾һţҸӦʲôˣжҸ㵽ף
Ϊǰְֺ裬ҪģҾԲ̱аȾָ
Ĳ˼˵˵󼸸ֵʱǼڸĲ˼죬ھĲҲҵˣڸս


800 ս1
㻹ûʽӹܣûеĲҲҵ֮ǰñȥЩĲҵ飡ҪȻ治кôĲ˼˵
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼缸һһ˵꣬ﲻӿ޴ľϲӹһ˿־壬Ĳ˼ȥҲûˡ
Ҫ˵ĲҲҵĲ˼ȻҲ֮һҪģȴΪĲ˼ȴȫҪԼռеĲҲҵóһ֣ȥΰ
ԭҪ˵ֱ׳ȥҲп⣬ϾĲ˼ϲΰΪһԼϲʲôԭ޿ɺǡ
ϧǣĲ˼ѡȥΰķʵ˾̫˽
Ĳ˼ļ̳ĲҲҵм
һ˵ĿĲ˼ͨϣΪڹǣĲ˼ȴеĲȥΪȥ̳ĲҵĲҵҲڣΰǱȴƬҲȺ򲻵ˡ
ڣĲ˼ͰˣĲ˼ûȫе𡢾ӪúĲҲҵʱ򣬾ͱҪȥڹˣǹȰҲǸ롣
Ĳ˼˺һ˵㣬֪ΪҺãҲ֪ˣǶԲ𡣡
Ĳ˼ϴĲ˼ص̾һ˵˼֪ԼĴҲΣΪʱδֻϣԺרѧҵȥЩ㻹飬֪𣿡
Ĳ˼Ŀ˸˺һ˵֪ˡ㣬еȻȥչһүү裬ȥԵĻ
Ĳ˼̾һ˵ͷ˵ȥɣȥأҵġ
Ĳ˼Ӧһתͷ˼ֵͷ˵㣬µ㻨ǮˣøһЩ
Ĳ˼Цһ£Ӱҳһſ˵ʮֽǰΪӦȥ
Ĳ˼ӹֹһ䣺ôʮǺǮôôŸʮ򣿡
Ĳ˼ҡҡͷôԵĶ
Ĳ˼񡱵Ц˼תͷˡ
Ĳ˼ȻĶˣҲĲ˼ϽԣĲ˼̻Ĳ˼
û뵽һȣȴȳһ޴鷳
Ĳ˼֮绰Ĳ˼һܻϢĲеļҵͻȻ֮䣬ֵһ룬ңڻʮѸٶȣסµ
ң֪Ǽҹ˾ĹɷݣҲڱԼ͵ļ۸񣬱תóȥҲ˵ĲҵǼҵĹָѾǵͣô򵥣Ǽҹ˾Ѿڱ̲ıԵ
ڰֽţҪĲǴϻǴϣ׵Ŀ̨
£ҪǼҹ˾ĴΨһİ취ǶʽټԲֹɷݵʧסƱµ
Ĳ˼磬ǷȨĲҵʽ
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Ĳ۾䲻ܶþ޴ʽҲҪҵ˲ƣȻԶˮⲻ˽ʡ
ĲԶɽڻҽԺ棬ǲԳָġ
Ĳ˼ǰЩ鲢ģڣ¾棬Ҳδܹڶʱ֮ͷ͸˵Ĳ˼ڻûȨȥЩʽ
ãĲ˼Ÿ˵ȻǼҹ˾˶񻯣ģֻʱǼҹ˾ȫľڱЩҵ档
һС˶̾ϢĿǰˣҲֻʹͼ
ĲǼй˾ֵܼһңĲҵҲֻķ֮һ
ܲΪķ֮һĲҵĲҵһٵɡ
˵ȻĲ˼ûȡĲʽĶȨԼԽⷽ⣬мһЩۣҪһЩΪ֤ݵ
⵹Ҫ֮ΣĲ˼磬Ĳ˼粻ãǵʱܶóһݵ֤ݣͶĲʮֵ
һ㣬Ĳ˼Ȼʮף¸Լ˼ĵط˵Ĳ˼͹ȥͷ
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֮Ĳ˼ȥһ³ģĵľɲǺܺãĲ˼ҪҲǰưͣóĶĲ˼ľģЩС
ΪĲ˼ľϾĲ˼ɺܴӰ죬ֻҪֲòĲ˼硣
Ĳ˼ӲѾڲ棬һĲ˼ӱĲ˼磺ϴ˼أ
Ĳ˼һֱæŰĲȥĲԶɽ˵ĹĲ˼ڻûǵģȴҲûܹ˵ȥ׷
ôһʣĲ˼ŻĲ˼һȥ²ֹһСʱ˰ɣʲôԵİȹԼһ٣ʱҲ˰ɡ
ô¡һĲ˼ԤӴģ϶ǻϢ
ȻӺһ˵ϴԭҪģǡǣϼ綼˵ȹ㡭
Ĳ˼һӣ𼱣˵ô£
ӺǼԵ˵˼ԷŪһֵμ
Ĳ˼˫һ̱ȥ
ֵٵμⱾĲ˼˵ʲô̫飬Ĳ˼ԷĹɷݺ棬ԶֹĲ˼ȻǴԷŪȥģҪƽǿɾֵ֮Ĵˣ
Ĳ˼ôܡŪô
Ӻ˵ͷԸҪСһЩرԡĲ˼ǣȻ˵жĻ¼ǲע⣬ӻֱ˼䡭
Ĳ˼ʹ˺һ˵ѵǾûȥֹ
Ĳ˼ô˵ӵܣĲ˼Ƥӵ׾ٵľ˼ֵ֮ߵĶʹĲ˼ΪʲôôǰŸԼϴţһգ֮䣬ȴȥѾɷǲ
Ĳҵƣͬý㣬Ĳ˼æҲͰˣȻĲѩϼ˪Ҳû
ǷֵʱЩո߳ſڣǾ׷ȥơ˵ʱΣȥ׷Ĳ˼㱻˱һ١
ʱӸɣϼ۷Ĳ˼Ķ׷˳Ĳ˼Ķܿ죬Ǽƻõģ׷Ĳ˼һߴ󺰴вӣҪץһͷײһѸӶݣԱСࡱļˣӸɣϼˣʹĲ˼ɵľѿȥ
֮ҪɣϼˣǵĲ˼˵Ĺϵֹӣ绰
֪£ûӸɣϼˣңҲûӵ˱ֻǷԸӸϽҽԺ滻Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼ȥ档
Ĳ˼ʹĿӣ˺һ˵Ϊʲôֱӱ
Ĳ˼һɷףҡҡ׹ӺЩ飬ֻĲ˼ʲôǾ͵òʧϾĲ˼ŪɴСʧֻ֮Ĳ˼ӣҪĴ¡
ңҲԸһڸĲ˼µʱ򣬾ίһЩڿ̬ȣί񡱣Ĳ˼Ҫʲô϶ֻһʡ
ãĲ˼ǿȶסӽ˼䣬漴ҽԺȥͷ


801 ս2
ǼҿݾӵĵطҲͬòȥĲ˼߼Ķ˵ֵΣؼԼǧûܷסĲ˼
ҲĲ˼ΰ϶ʹøָļıֶΣĥӲݣĲ˼ԼӡɣϼȵﶼõóǮˣû뵽Ĳ˼ֱӶԼĶ֣ǲȡķʽ
⵱ǰһ裬Ҳǵ͹Ĳ˼Ϊ˷ΰȥز
ûܷסĲ˼ǶԷΰʧܣһʧܵˣܹõȥ
ԣĲ˼磬Ҳܲʹ졣
Ĳ˼򵥵ĺ˼䣬ָĲ˼ἰԼ׷ٵΣĲ˼Ĭһ󣬲Ÿ׷ˣĲ˼Ѿµ˭ˡ
ʱûüȥ׷ٵ˭Ĳ˼˵Ѿ֪˭Щȣʵ˭
Ĳ˼һȻС塭
ʵû뵽׷ԼģȻĲơ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˵ĲƲȥҹԼŪûˣӣǳģȻ٣ø߳Թ߳Ĳƣ˭
֪ĲڸԼЦһ£׷ȥ
Ĳ˼磬˵ĲȥԼҪĲҲҵȨ飬üͷ
˵£ĲǼ乫˾ĹƱֱµҪԭ򣬾ڰǼ乫˾ĹɷݣӦ
˵ƵûĻǼ乫˾ɷݵˣǱˣӦҲĲ˼С塪Ĳƣ
Ĳ˼ЩԾСĲô
ЦŴ֪ô£⼸죬ЩԽԽ񣬱Ĳ˵ܲµõ˼ⲻ˵Ѿʼˣ
Ĳ˼ĬȻ˵õȷûǷˣ
ҪȻǻǱɣĲ˼Ȼ˵
ҡҡͷȻһֿеİ취Ǿİֻ°ȻͬڵͬԶˮⲻ˽ʣοһǷꡣ
ĻֻĲҵĳ˵ˣһͲòֹЩԼƻõж
ԣǾã飬˽ԼСܶ಻Ӱ졣
Ĳ˼磬ݿɿϢžµһ񹤣ڳһβ¥Ĳ۾һ棬ҪȥǸط
Ĳ˼ᣬȻȿĲ۾±ȲҪһȥ
ʱĲ˼ǿԼĳӣʱ붯Ĳ˼ĳӣΪĲҵĳӺۣĿȷͺױ˶ϡ
ֻĲ˼ֻһܾҵĲ۾Ҳ͹˲ĵģ¿ųӣ˵Ƕβ¥ȥ
һʮһ㣬ֻÿܽṹͣ˹β¥ΪƱͺƫƧΧǻߣҰݶа˶ˣģҪ˶棬Կ
Ϊ˲ڴݾߣĲ˼ѳͣ׿⣬Ȼ˳˾ܵĴӺεĵطĵĽӽβ¥
һһ͸ȥⶰβ¥Ȼˣһֹһ¥ˣ¥ϾȻĸˣĸڲסζڷڣڰ˲¥Ҳкüˣһڵϣ⼸ҲǲסζھŲ¥ϺͶϸһ
ӣЩ˷صúܣң֣ڰ˲ǸڵذϣһǱŵġ
Ĳ˼ļ٣̾ҪȥֻĲ˼磬Ӵ¥ԱһҰݵĺ򹵲ۣ¥
˴¥£Ĳ˼ҲûǣֱӾҪϴȴ˵ֱϴҪȻͻᾪ¥ϵˡ
Ĳ˼ʵô죿
˿ˮӣ˵Ҵ棬棬лסñŪ̫Ķ
Ĳ˼һ΢΢˵ͷȻֿ
ƾ׵ˮһֱ¥
¥ˣȻĲ˼¥¶ͷһЦĲС㣬ʲôʱ¥ģ
Ĳ˼΢΢һ׹ǰԼϳĲ˼ˣҲĲ˼һ˲֮׹Ĳ˼ңӦû¥ϡ
Ĳ˼ġߡһͷ˿˹ȥ
ֻĲ˼Ҫ֮ס֮ʣͻȻ죬ĿĲ˼磬漴Ȼڵϡ
Ĳ˼̧ͷȥֻվ¥ıԵĲ˼ʾ⡣
ƸĲ˼磬ٵ棬˸࣬ĸҪĲ˼СһЩǼϿ
Ĳ˼˵ͷԼͷ΢Ūһ£סԼ󲿷ֵס
ո˶ԼϳĲ˼磬Ĳ˼˵Ǹ޴ƣ¥ϵļһ˲ʧֻҪһʧ񣬾ǳֵĻᡣ
Ūͷ֮ѲӰӦǽˮ
Ĳ˼ҡڵ¥˵¥ʱȴط֣ĸˣһѾ˵ϣڷһϣһѳһǹ
ǹݸĲ˼磬ֵ˵߲ûˣҪúõע⣬ҵǻᰲװ
Ĳ˼˵ͷûȥעΪʲôᵣĵ͵߲ᱻװ˼ֻǺϰߵļһǹУӵװŻ˵Ҫǹʵ
Ĳ˼û뵽ͭ½УȻϴԶһ˾ԲͨСå֯ĺڶ
պǹĲ˼¥ݣˮӡ
˵߲ʱĲ˼һǳϤڴȣϲģ㵽״ӦӦҪӦŲ̽㶪ȥ
˵ˣȻǷΰ
ÿĲ˼ҲóʵˣһĲ۾
Ĳ˼û뵽ǣΰĺոأĲ˼Ȼ޵ΰ˵õģԴҰְֵġҪǮҸʮ򣬻СҴЩΣҲֵü򡭡
ΰЦȵûõĶӣò¶ۼ㵹ãֱȥһǻ쵰˾ҶܲشԵĴ
Ĳ˼޵ΰҿϲ㣬㣬㾹ȻȻ
ΰЦ˵ƾʲôϲңƾƾ㳤࣡ٺ٣ҷΰŮҲֻ²㣬࣬ϲ㣬ٺ١
Ĳ˼ޣΰͿҶһƬĵķϣŹҸҰְ֣òáұ֤ԺҲˣССҰְְĲҵĲҵһָ㡭
ΰٺٵĴЦΪɵ㣬ϲϰ֣ͭǻĵطôٺ٣˭²أҺúõļƻȫϡãڣֻһ·㣬ְִӦĲҵĲҵһʹһҪȻߺߡ


802 ս3
Ĳ˼޵ΰҽ㶼˵ˣЩҵңһǮҲҪģֻҪҸҰְ֣Щҵͻ䵽ϣֺαؼһʱ֮䡭
סڡΰŭΪСӣôĵȥ㣬ٺ٣Ҹ㣬Σˡ
Ĳ˼û˵˵Цʵ˵ΣӦ˲ǡ
ΰһתͷȥ˲ʧе㡭
վڵڰ˲¥ıԵЦҡ
Ĳ˼еҡ
ΰɫһ䣬ͻȻͳһǹ׼ڵϵĲ۾ȵ㡭ҪȻҾʹ
ЦЦ˵û
ΰе㡭̴ȥҪȻ̿ǹ
Ҫǹô㿪ٺٵЦ
Ҫ㡭˵ȥĲ˼е
һĲ˼ЦҰ˵ȥٺ١㲻֪һ᲻ᰴ˵ȥ㶼
Ĳ˼޵ǹȥһҶ
תͷһ˲ĸ¥ֻعͷЦЦ˵úãȥһǾһٺ٣ˣôĿȥء
ǹĲ˼ʹ޵ǰҴˣ֪ҴˣԲ߰ɡ
ΰŭɽߣһߴǹգһߴеٲȥҾ͡ҾͿǹ
ҪĲ˼޵
Цӯӯ˵òҲ£ǹûӵҲ죬ҪŵĻͳҿһǹԡ
һΰѪһ˫۾۾ǹȴĲ۾ûͿ۶
ֻǷΰһ۶˺üΰȴûǹը졣
ûţ㲻˵Ҫ𡭡һЦһߴ̤ǰ
ΰһƽȻĿ
ΰԹҲ֪֣Ҫö࣬ûˣΰֻаķݶ
ֻ̤ߵΰǰȴûȥϷΰһ٣ֻǲм˷ΰһۣȻȥڵϵĲ۾
Ĳ۾ָͷϸţЩֻһϳء
ֻĲ۾Ѿΰǹŵû˹ȥһУ֪
ģӷΰΪΰ߳ŭһ·¶һȦըҩһѽĲ˼סеʲôûˣһȥ
Ĳ˼ҲûʹޣֻǽһĵЦҲãҲûȥˣ˵ɾһЩ
ֻ벻ǣźĲ۾תð̵ķΰЦôȥ̫ˡ˵ţһ֣һץڷΰϣȻӲĽΰϵըҩ漴һֱ֣Ӷ¥㡣
ΰϵըҩǴӿɽŪĵҶըҩԶԶȲùC4֮߱ըҩ
ըҩըҲֻü˸о¥΢һ£Ȼȴǰ˺ҲûС
ʱΰѾȫ̱ڵϣӶݵ뷨Ҳûˣ֮ΰѾˡ
ƾһУΰⱲӶѾˣ
ʱĲ˼Ŵ¥̽ͷЩľ¥Ͷϵˣǿӣͱˡ
Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼һҰ׵һŰֽҲҿĲ˼һۡ
Ĳ˼ԭ۽ǿĲ˼һήҵӣĲ˼̲ס̾һȥĲ˼§ڻ
̽һĲ۾ϵƣĲ۾ƲأֻƤˣȥֻΪΰǰǹѡ
Ҳȥ̱ڵϵķΰתͷĲ˼ʵѾûʲôˣôãɡ
Ĳ˼ţҲĲ˼Ĳ˼绳ѳߵΰǰȻҧŷΰһš
귽ΰĲ˼תͷȻ˵㣬Ǳա
㡭Ĳ˼һʱ֮תΰĲ˼ǿǱԼҪģΰһӻһĲ˼ӣᣬĲ˼ǲΰˡ
Ĳ˼˵ͷȻĲ˼ԸŹΰĲ˼ȻԥͳֻҪ
ʱΰعһǰеܡܡȾҡ֪ܾҵġ
һЦһ˿Ҳΰ˵䡣
ΰתͷȥֻϥŲĲ˼ǰе㣬˼㣬Ҵˣһᡭ
Ĳ˼תӣֻȴҲ򲻳ȥˡ
ΰϽĲ˼ǰһֱסĲ˼˫ȣе˼֪ˣҡ֤ұ֤ӽԺҲҲ
Ĳ˼棬Ŀŷΰ˺һҧ˵һֱΪ˲ݵ飬ԭϵذ⣬жı㣬ãأȴ䱾ҲϷŹӦܰɡ
˵ţĲ˼֣ǣȴʼûһƴڷΰϡ
Ĳ˼ѾģŹԼΰſĲ˼ǰеܣ˵仰ֻҪ˵仰ǾͲѱֻҪǲҾ͡ҾͣҿԸǮҿԡ
˵Ǯɵһ֣ЦΪһںǵǮǰҿøһͼˡ
Ǯ޶ԣΰͻȻֽеŹңŹң֪ĲҪıĲҲҵ飬СܶļƻǷŹңȫ˵
ЦĲڲ飬˵벻˵Ҷûϵ㻹ϴɾƨɣһΰɡ
Ĳ˼Ǳߣڰ˷
Ĳ˼һһĶŵ绰˵ⶰβ¥ĵص㣬Լ¥ļ϶Ĳ˼棬
ΰھ֮£ͻȻվһѱסĲ˼֮¥ԵĲ˼˴еΪʲôǶҪԣΪʲôݲңáãҾҸһ𡭡
Ĳ˼ӦΰĲ˼¥ȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ΰһֻţץĲ˼Ǳץסط˻ȥ
÷ΰڰ˲¥֮ϣЦԭһһٺ٣ΪǾûӰˡ
Ĳ˼Żص棬һʱ֮䣬ңĲ˼ѯҲôԹԵײײβ¥
ʱ𣬺֮ͬɽ죬һգ֮䣬üʮǹװԱⶰβ¥ΧסǰģȻǺɽ
һΣɽһ󹦣ƻͭʷһ׮ǹ֧ߡ˽ǹ󡢼ܵĴ󰸡


803 Ӳα
Ĳܲ¥Ļ֮УĲЩֺĶԼй˾ĸ߹ڿʼԸҸɵģҿԱǵԭְн꣬ԸҸɵģٺ٣Ҳǿ󡣡
мĲԪϼˣһԣվߣӣǲԸĲһ¡
мȴԥţ˹˹ʵĲ³ô£
ҲʵǶû˵Ĳʲôôô̵ʱ֮ڣ͡ء
ʵˣôҲᷢ棬׷ʲôģôǰҲûϢ
֧Ĳ۾ȻҲһʱ֮䣬Уµģ
Ĳüҡͷӣϵĺȵʲôʲô
ֻĲͷϴ˸һҲ׵͸ǹϣȴࡣ
ĲƺȽǰѳסˣʹЩ˶ʱ
Ĳҵļ£ʲôϵԸģ͸ıְ̾͸ҹȥ
᳡ϳĬƬ̣ĲƵ֧ʵĲǵй˾ܵĴֻоͶʽһЩҹ˾Ĳȴʩ
ĲһЦ˵ҪǮôҪǮҪôѼƻ齻ˡ
һй˾ĸվ˵Ĳǹ˾Ҳһʱ˼ĳ˵ԭ˾Ҫֲ֡ˣ룬Ĳܹ´齨߲ӡ
ĲƺĴѡҪеĻи
иԥĸ߹ܾ˵Ĳǹ˾Ĺɷݣһʱ䣬ʧúʣĲҪδ
ЩСôҪõֳ˵㲻Щ˶ǸʲôԵģǹɷʧôˡĲƺЩͷ˵
ʵ˾ȱʽ˲ʧҪ飬Լ˾ɷʧЩ¶ԲС飬Ĳ۾Щ⣬ҲԻСĽġ
ĲƵã˽ۣǴˬȴЩþɳϽпⲻһַǳǳĲʣ
һʱ֮䣬ЩԥšԼܼ֧ĲƵˣĬ
Ĳϸ㱨Ŀǰֽ֮ɣ±ĲƺǳΪԱ˳ţֻܰ׳Ըɷ˵ЩɣԼܹˣ
һʱ֮û˵Ĳǵ˵ˣĻ飬͵ΪֹɢɣһҪȥء
һȺ߹һǿ׷վ
ǡĲƾҪ߳ҵĴʱһе˶棺Ժһм仰Ҫ˵
˵Ĳ˼磬Ĳ˼ǰ߸һװĵǸո볡Ǽ˾߹ܡ
Ĳ˼ˣĲƺǴ㵣˺һ˵˼磬µĵط㡭
Ĳ˼˵ҽм¸λһ¡
Ĳ˼˵ţҲĲƣߵϯλã֣վĲ˼米ƺĲ˼һڡ
ǰ볡Ǽ߹Լ˶׷£Ĳ˼ų˵⼸죬ĲڲһЩ飬ǣ˴ңҲ˹˾ǸԲˣ
˵ţĲ˼΢΢˵ͷˣ漴˵Ĳй˾浣εְ񣬲׷ĲһصΣֱɣ
Ĳ˼⼸仰ͬԭͷ˼ĺһذըһʱ֮ˮ޴ĳɢ׷ɡ
е˶ĸԱߵ˽ͷӶ
ȳϵ΢ƽһЩĲƴ̤ߵĲ˼ߣȵʲôʸƾʲôĴ
Ĳ˼˵ƾʲôĴƾ⹴ᣬ˾ɷݣıƺͼıĲҲҵߺߣҪһһоٳô
˵˵˵Ҫ𡭡Ĳܻĺȵ
Ĳ˼һЦ˵˵Щû֤ǰɣС壬Ǹʲôİɣû֤ݣһ˵
Ĳ˼ǰǸģľ֤ݣһ㣬Ĳβ֪ңĲҲףȻĲ˼綼Ѿվ˵ˣԼɵЩ飬Ĳ˼ӦѾһˡ
ֻĲƺܲףĲ˼ɺ֪ϷΰһһĶĲ۾ĲҲҵ֣Ĳ˼ôôȫӦ
˵Ĳ˼Ӧһһ׷鷽ΰǣôô׷Լͷˡ
Ĳ֪ٻбĲ˼׷鵽Լͷϵһ죬ֻĲţֻҪһʱ䣬ԼĸΣľ׷鵽ԼͷϣҲ޼ˣ㲻㣬ڵһʱ䣬Ĳ˼ֱӶԼˡ
˰ΣĲƲŽ˵Ĳ˼磬Ǹλ㻹ûȨȥ粻ˣҲҰ֣ҰֲˣҲֲ㣬ʲôʸǸλã
ֻҪĲ˼ûʸǸλãĲ˼˵ĻһĲֵһĲֵĻֻ˭ȥȥִУ
ֻĲ˼һЦ˵ҲҪλãүүҰְ֣һ¾ҪдʽίƣʦʽίУȫȨĲеϵ飬˵ʸλô
Щ˾߹޲ʧ˳Ĳ˼˵Ļصʲôزڳû˲ʽļʽľһǾ̵ķЧĶԲ׾پܹϵ˵ġ
Ĳ˼ЦЦ˵С壬һҪ˵û֤ݣ԰ɣίó
ӻóһֽ΢һۣһţߵĲǰֽŵ˹ȥ
ĲƳһ£Žֻֽ˵ĲԶɽĲ۾ίĲ˼ݴĲҲҵˣݴڼ䣬Ĳ˼оԵȨĲϽеĹ˾κεľ˲ԼִܾУ滹ʦǩ¡
ίÿһ֣һ޹˼ɵĲƣĲƸо֮䣬ͱЩǧٿףĿġ
Ĳ˼絭ЦЦ˵С壬𣬿˵Ļ뿪
ĲŸӡί飬˰ΣͻȻί˺÷飬Ƭӽֽ¨еαģ㲻αġ
ʱ⣬һϵȵܲαİɣĴҲܲαİɣߣĲôͳм֮ӣ
֮УĲԶɽϣǼҿ˽ĲԶɽߣͬǲ˽ɴĲ۾
ĲԶɽϣһȣסŵذ壬ŭем֮ӣúõĿǲαģǲαġ
㲻Ǻܻ˺˺Сеĸӡøȥ˺


804 ˭ֵ
ҲǺİһӡȫݵĲǰ
ȻĲҲûȥĸӡ˵˺һһ˺ʲôã
˺ٶ࣬ҲǼֽѣ
˺һĲƲŲҰ˵ҡҡǡﻹ⼸ҹ˾󲿷ֵĹɷݣǡʲôȨ
Ĳ۾ǰһĹİóһļݵĲǰ
Ǽݷݹ˾ɶתùɷݵЭ飬Ĳ۾ܹóЩЭ飬ʽѾҲ˵ͬĲһԹ˾ɷֽŵļɶѾĲ۾Ͷˡ
ʵ£Ǽҿǳ˲ٵ
һ֮ǰǼҿõĲҳ˱ʵϢ뵽Ӧ飬Ǵ´࣬Ψڽڷ֮Ĳ棬Ծ鲻㣬ҪԸϵЩ˾߹ԼĲƣ϶Ƿǳ
һǼҿԹңһͭǣֲãչĲҹƱԼɷݣΪһս˼ʵĻ
Ĳ۾õЩļǼҿһһҹջ񣬶ЩջȻĳΪĲ۾
Ĳ۾ֻǰЩļĲǰһ£漴ջصİֳ˵չЩɷݣҲֻаٷ֮Ĺɷݣٷ֮Ĺɷݣÿǧļ۸ֽҪҪתãھ͸ң
ˣıǶչĲƼ̱ȥ
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ߣֱӾ˵ǺǣСлģҵɾӰһվ׽׽

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ʲôҪʲô۶ԺʹҪôǧټƵֹҪôǲŲʣǶңֻоܾʩᣬǹ˼ҵĸô
Ĳ˼绹Ҫ˵ʱһԱ˹Ĳ˼˵ĲСɣ
Ĳ˼΢΢˵ͷԱ˵㿴ٹһСʱɫͻʱӣ̼ͬעҪպ÷ִ磬Ҫȥ취ˡ
Ĳ˼ٴ΢΢˵ͷͷ˵˼Ҳ֪ΪʲôôƫִҲΪʲô˵Ƕֻоܾʩᡭ
Ĳ˼ϣ޽еһ߿ޣһĲ˼ĺʡ
Ǽҿվߣסҡͷ˵ǰ֪ĲСƢãû뵽Ȼôִ
ҡͷЦһ£Ҳǵ˵ʲôִǸƫִ񣬸߳ģ
ǼҿҡͷִܹҲãƫִҲã뿴ô
΢΢һЦ˵ҪҾҲǲУҪȥҷûգǵҪԼųɡ
Ǽҿôߣˤˣ
ҡҡͷЦ
ЦǼҿҡҡͷ˵
˲˵⼸仰Ĳ˼ִ˵ôܣ˼飬ǿģ㣿
Ĳ˼޵ߣԼһֱڰҵģֻǼ֮ˣⲻҵʲô
Ĳ˼תͷһĲ˼飬Ĳ˼統Ȼ֪ģǺ飬Ĳ˼˵Ĳ˼硰ġ
ΰܹһЩĲ˼һССıѣĲ˼Ĳ˼Ĳ˼⻰ִӺ˵
ڣΰıĿ¶˳ҲµķΰлӽĲ˼Ĳ˼˵Ĳ˼ߵģֲǼҿҡͷ̾ϢĲ˼ǲ
Ǽҿ˾Ĳ˼Ĳ۾Ķ࣬Ĳ˼úõһŮӣôͻᱻ߳ˡ
˼ڻСڵҪǶ죬Ů֮飬ȥ漰ģھ˵Щ飬ⲻʹڰܻĲҵôĲ۾ȵ
Ҳе˼˼ְֵĻ𡭡ְһλ𡭡


808 ɺ
ǼҿĲ˼Ŀ޽ԼΪĲ˼Ĳ˼˭˭£ǲΪȻսĳɾͣĲ˼ԻӷУǼҿĲ۾ˣԺӵʹϧ֮ȴЩȻ
ǼҿҲͥˣԸĸϧ֮飬Ȼ̹ĵļ䣬Կ飬Ǽҿǲ̡
ˣְɣҡҿȥˡ£Ǽҿ˵
Ĳ˼˻УĲ˼絽˭˭ҲֺֺЦ
ԼȷǰĲ˼ԴԼѧԼֹһεıĲ˼ҲûϵˣµãΰˣˣֳԼһˣǽֺֺЦ
Ǽҿôһ˵ףǼҿҲȥˣԼ֣Ĳҽⳡ־硣
ǡʱΪĲ˼ӣԱѾݶԶԶվĲ˼
Ĳݶϵߣʵ̫⻬Աķѥ棬Ǵ粽ơ
֮£Աֻһվȵĵطóӣһͷͨ촰ϣһͷһ䣬Ȼվ촰ϣסӣקһԱվڱԵϵĲ˼
ƫƫʱĲ˼֮һתͷȴԱͼ°תӣп޵ȥǿȥٹҾȥ
ԱһϽеúúáǲĲС𼤶
ĸĲ۾ɫɷףɵôе˼𼤶𼤶
Ĳ˼Ҳǵͽе취
΢һߵĲ۾ǰ棬΢ɤӣͷŴĲ˼˵˼ˣ˵һ仰𣿡
Ĳ˼תͷŽµ˵ҶԲ㣬ʵһֱϲң𣿡
˵ͷǰǺϲ㡭
һֱôԴ㣬ô鷳ȴһֱڰңңİңԲԡĲ˼е
Ĳ˼˵˳˼˵
һЦȴͷ˼Ūˣ֪ϲǷΰ֮Ұ㣬ֻϣҵеλϣܹҸһҪ˵ϲĻҿϲ㣬Ҹ˼֮ϲӦһ㡣
Ĳ˼һ죬漴ֵֺĵһۡ
ھˣ˵ϲĲ˼ģҪǸĲ˼ĵϺʯʲôģĲ˼Ҳ⣬Ͼھˡ
ãοĲ˼ҲͰˣ仰Ĳ˼
룬Ĳ˼΢΢һЦ漴ִ˵˼ˣⱲӣͽ㣬ҲãøҲãⱲӣҸ㣬ǾܣһҪϲ㣬Ҳֻܰ㵱һСãԣͱˡ
ܡĲ˼˻ܡ
˵Щʲôʱ㻹ұסĲ˼
һЦ˵ʵ죬ЩҲˣǰԹңûܰѻ˵ףôҶͿģ죬ô˵棬ҾͰѻ˵ˡ
˶٣ִ˵˼磬飬ԸӦ𣿡
Ĳ˼ݶϴе԰㲻ܸ顭
Ĳ˼ҲŭʱôҲң
ݶϵĲ˼Цôʲôʱڸʣ
Ĳ˼ݶʵ̲סˣ˻ţ
Ҳһ̣е˶죬ֵֻú﷢Ĳҽ
Ųæһɲ֮䣬ܣ΢΢סݶĲ˼һͷײϼɽ
Ĳ˼ȻأĲ¥ֱȻҲǾ޴󣬲Ѿﵽٶʮܹ֮׾ٵƶٽʯ飬֮£Ĳ˼׹ȻǼаա
ĸĲ۾Ĳ˼ԼЩԱһȴɫ
Ĳ˼ͷϽ£ֱӳɽʯԴֻһ˲֮󣬾ͻᱻײѪģﻹ·ԡ
һ˲䣬ĶȻһԹҪĲ˼ô¥
ֻǳĵˡĲҽųڣĲ˼ȻƾһǱһٿȻһ쫷һһֻص˱ݶ
ɵǣĲ˼ŻصĶ㣬ŲŸոսӴ棬һȣȻһٴδݶϵ
Ĳ˼ոյ֮ʣĸĲ۾˻ҽţۿĲ˼һӻصݶ˵Ĳҽһֱ˾㵺ҡ
е˻ɡĽš
ȻۿŸոռһֻصݶĲ˼ֽһȣֵһȺɾֱɡĲҽС
һĲ˼ֻص¥ɣɺͣе˶ۻͣһΣʵʵģһĿĲ˼˲ĵ
Ĳ˼׹֮ʣƮƮҡҡȻһƬȦҶϺ£εֵ֮߰࣬صϡ
һΣĲ˼ֱͷ½ſϣԼЩˣ֪ײа¥Ȼôѣ
˺һĲ˼Żعֻһعͷһ¼¹ʯ϶ļɽĲ˼۵һ
Ѱ̼ˣֻһˣҲ͹ȥˣһζɣֿˣֻȥĺ£Կÿֲݡ
Ĳ˼Ѿһûɣʱٻعͷȥ£ֿ־壬Գĳ̶ȡ
ԣĲ˼ʱȥˣ٣ǧȥˤĲ˼ſϣţһֻҪסԼӡ
ϣǰĲ˼վȵģʱˣſ棬ƴȥץססӣƫƫ߹⻬Ĳ˼ܹץסס
һʱ֮䣬˳߹һһֱ»Ĳ˼ҲоԼһһĽӽ
Ĳ˼ܲסһһĽӽִ̼Ĵ
ݶԱһοĲ˼ȥַɻҲЩˣʱĲ˼СԱŻع
Աһվȵĵطһ˳ӣĲ˼
ѥ⻬쳣ߣԶųȵǸԱҲ͸ߵ̫죬˺ôľĲ˼нԶ
Ĳ˼ʱӶѾ˳ȥӣҲͽƾһ˫ָָ⣬ĿܿϵĻƣǿסӡ
ֻĲ˼ָԶԶĲ˼˵ָͼͣżֲӣָϱ㴫һ󵶸һʹĲ˼̽סһٴͷϽµĴ
һ̣ӪȵλԱۼֿ죬ǰһˣȻһץסĲ˼һֻס
λԱǰһˣúӵλԱҲǰһ壬ʱ뿪ԭȵĵط
ӵԱÿ죬һ̾ſϣȴһӷſӿٻһӽ׶õ˳ȥ


809 Ȼû
һǰǸԭƨһץӣһĲ˼ĽףĲ˼ԱֻһҲ͸ŵ
λԱҲǿץĲ˼׵֣ʼûɿԼŵҲһץӣһͷ½ϵĲ˼һ𵽵ڵĲ¥ĵط
ڴϵӣһֱӵˣûϣһ˲֮Ρѿ
Ǹſ촰ϵԱû룬ֱһص촰棬һ˫׵ĳ֣ץŲס»ӡ
ֻһ˲֮䣬ӣλԱһ˫յѪģѪ졣
Ҫץסˣڲסӣôס
ʱ򣬵ϵˣǼҿĲ˼֮⣬˶Ѿ̱ȥĸѾ˹ȥ
ôߵĵطһξͽܲˣοĲ˼ӶԳĵĴֱܲӻȥǾйˡ
Ĳ۾ҲòȥҪָ๦ܣֻʱ̾ͻѪܱѶ
ˣĲ۾Ҳ̱˵ϣҲվ
ڵ׼ӦǼԱһţʱҲѾ޴룬Ͳûȥˡ
ȴֻЩŵĶŵĲ¥ϵĲ˼ǸԱｫȫܶԷһ
ǼҿȴǶһһֻ뿴һ˿Ĳ˼δ¥ϵȴƮص¥ϣ棬ֽţǿ϶ģǼҿûֽܿôġ
ϾĲ˼ոյļ¥ǼҿҲûжֽŵĺۼָͷû
ȻѩǼҿ˵кܶ಻˼ȴһֱ֮꣬ңѩǰ¶ģҲֻǸոյõܣ΢ʱԣѩ޷Ǽҿ˵
ڼȻ֪ѾǶֽţĲ˼İȫǼҿǲˣԣǼҿģӹ
Ĳ˼ֻǶŵĲ¥ϵĲ˼ٵŶԲߣֻ˾ռȵ֮£һʱܹ֮óļƻ
ƫƫʱץӵһλԱȻϱյѪģҧץӲϷſ
ǣһ֮޷ˣ˵촰ϣûиʩչأλԱҧ˲Ƭֻ̣ؿһӴﻬȥ
촰Ĵ漴ϣĲ˼λԱһһͷϽµ׹ȥ
ʱ˻һɫӰӣͬһ˳ȥڰ֮Уץסˣңڿһ٣漴һ׹䡣
ץסĲ˼˵ʱĲ˼λԱѾ׹˲¥ĸ߶ȣҲֻ׵ĸ߶ȣټץסڿһ٣ȫȥһ׹ʹ˽ֻ൱ڴӶ¥Ͽʼµ䡣
˵䵽֮ʱȵ֮ϣܵţ˵˸޾գ˳˳ľ䵽ϡ
ֱʱǼҿ㡰סԭܾĲ˼İգİԭ
ֻǼҿԵĸоʲôطԣȴ˵ҲֻùİպҲ۾ˡ
֮ǼҿŻõ˴Ӷ·׹¥ĸ߶ȣ׻жܹκιߣֱ¥ĸ߶ȣ׹ڿжһ٣ȥ׹ⱾѾǲ˼ˡ
ֻڣĲ˼ǸԱ֮УĲ˼Ĳ۾ˣҲû룬ֱ˵ϣסίٲǵĲ˼
Ĳ˼֮һȺ˱ӵĲ˼ֱӻصڡ
Ա֮飬ҲòǼҿ˲ģǼҿҲûĲҶ
Ϊ£Ĳ˼һ΢ѣҪԼһʵڷˡ
Ĳ˼˸кǼҿ˱㿪Ĳ˼ĳӣҹɫֱӻص·
һţӱСеӭ˳һקµô죿ˡ
Цһ£Ҫͣɣϼںǳӣ˵ʲôأ㿴ӣҲӦû¶ô˵һأ
ǼҿЦЦ˵ȷʵûʲô¶Ҷܺá
ӵ۾ŵһ䣺Ȼû
һ£ɣϼ̲סˣ׸šһѣô˵أȻûѵϣ
һߺʹһģ˵ҵϣ˭ת
˰ɳ£˵˺òãεģӰЩͯ
̴е˵˭أǿֻ˵ĳЩˣߺߣֻϻ顭ֻϻֻϻ
һӳ̾Ͷеӣס죬¸˵
ƤЦ˵磬ʲô£ӦòӰҳɡ
ŭٳٳҾͣҾͲˡ
ҲҲҪ裬Լô˵棬ȻҲֻ˵ΪӾû취
һϽס죬۰Ͱ͵Ŀʵ磬ʲô°ô˰ٵġ
ǰһʣҲһ㶣ʲô°
ĪĶ˰ʵˣҡ
ۿҪЦǼҿϽ˵ˣ˵£м£ٺ٣ǰ˵ҪҳԺãֻҪҿʵħǡ
ǰǻտû뵽м˸Ĳ˼һ֣Ҳɢ˳ϣĲ˼ˣҲûʲô飬οǰųԼտȻֶ
ǵ£Ȼ
ɣϼǼҿˣȻǻŶӣ¸ϽɩһȥЩˡ
˲ãǼҿ˶ûʼԣȻˡĲ˼Ĳ˼
Ҳ֪Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ģղĲ˼Ҫ¥飬·Ѿǹȥˡ
ֻĲ˼ɫĲ˼Ҳߵ˵ɫ
ǼҿڷϣҪԷĲ˼Ĳ˼Ҳ˵϶ֱ꣬Ӿͳ
ôǼҿ۾ֱˡ
Ĳ˼⼸һֱææ⣬ûܺúõĳԹһٷİãԵõ
Ĳ˼ҲǶ˺ܾãԣ˳÷ݡ
͹ֲ˿۾ֱˡ
Ա֮󣬾ȻǽһŲͽֽĨĨСȻһɳϣ˫۾ֱ㶵Ķ
Ű뷹鲻ѣõ飬ԤеǱǰĽ࣬Լ϶Ǳģƾ۵ǿСݡ
Ҳ⣬ⱩңԼһҪԼ趨ĵߡ
ȻϵǣãĲ˼Ȼ˵㲻ǴӦҪһħôôĥĥģ


810 뻻
ԭǼҿҲúõĳԸٺúõһħĲ˼Ĳ˼ôһ˵Ǽҿ֪¶ֵˣվ˵ԼǷۣ漴ɩȥϢ
Ǽҿֳ֮˰ΣŵʵǾֻҪҵħĿ
Ĳ˼˵ͷ˼Ѿˣٹ죬ȥŷ޶飬ʵǴҸ𡣡
ڣһ˫۾ĵŵĿĲ˼Ҫѧ
ԭûκαĲ˼ֻ΢΢ĺһǻشӡ
Ĳ˼Ҫѧһϲô˵ԼѾװĲ˼ңĲ˼ҲٲԼˣٺ٣Ը
ֻĲ˼絭˵ҰְֺҲһȥԺǱߵ飬͵ùȥҰæ
ԭЦտĲ˼ôһ˵ֱӾ̱ɳˣȥĲ˼æЩ˾飬Ĳ˼һˬοԼ鶼æء
Ĳ˼ƲƲ죬˵֪㲻⣬ǣûУղһӶǰֺУ԰ɣܵиְҵǣ꣬˼ѧɹٽĲҵҲѧʵʵĶ
˹˹˵˼磬¡²ɰ㿴ϵ飬ⶼⶼ
ϵȷкܶҪҪһ飬ҪҵҽκѩңҲһ̲ݻ顣
Ĳ˼ٴƲƲ죺ֻҰæû˵һҪȥЩ£˵ˣѩӵ飬ǴҲǶŬôοĿǰûҵʲôµһôһȥ
æץץԴԸ˵˾飬㲻ǾѾúܺôܰʲôæٺ٣ȥæֻ»ԽԽæİ
ϸӦĲ˼յ벻Ӧ
˿Ǽҿֿ˿Ĳ˼磬Ҫ˵ȴ˵ϴ⻰ɾе̫ǸˣҸôˣʲôʱΪǮʲôˣ˵ˣǼž˾ģôҪ󶫸磬ٺ١ǲеˡ
Ĳ˼յôˣӣ봮׺㶫ܳȥɽҰɣϼӣ
ոʰɣϼ͡һЦ˳Ĳ˼ǿƵúܣ˵ȴһСŮƵģʵ˸еֺЦ
һֱû˵Ĳ˼ʱǿ˵㣬ΪĴȷҲЩѵġ
ֻ˵Ĳ˼סҲ˵ȥ
Ĳ˼ôһ˵Ӹɣϼ֮һĲ˼µڵĴĲ˼Ӧøײǡ
Ӹɣϼ뵽Ĳ˼ҪӦþǸһڽ飡
ҪȻôĲ˼ȥأ
ֻĲ˼ôһ˵ȴԼԼһζԼڱ˵ĸоŪףԼǱĲ˼˻ǱĲ˼ˡ
ָ֮оЩߣһҪҪԼǮ
ֻǿĲ˼ı飬ˣԼǽ˭ˣǮǱȻ顣
ʹڣҲǽ
Ĳ˼˵ţӰȡһýаŵıһ˿ƴ˶ٵСŵ輸ϣǰƣȻ˵Ǹ𣬻мҪ˵
ǸС˺һ󣬲ʵҿҸ飬ñ˵
Ĳ˼ҡͷ˵£ҽ϶йأò˵Ҫ˵
˵ţĲ˼ܶƵȥץ輸ϵǸС
ֻĲ˼һ˲ո쵽輸ǸСȴץ
´򿪽УȴֽаģԭһСӣ̺Ӵ˶٣Һܱָֻͷ񱡡
ӱ£ģҲһʲôʣǣոԼ۾һ£͸ۿƬ̣ȴû浽ʲô
ֻĲ˼óֲ˼ȥù쿴
ҺһȲĴ˺ӡ
ۼ⣬Ӵ򿪺ӵһɲǣֺȻװһ֧С
˿״Ļ꣬ϵ޶Կ̵ޱȣ˿ϸĻÿһƬ˿״ԲͲչԵͦۡ
ÿƬƬ˿״ϳһССһͺͺľѶˣ֮ƬᱡİҶ̡ͬ
仨һ磬Сָͷ仨ִͬ·ϵ֮Ʒ
ֻһ仨̴еڤݣ
ȴһ̽ӣϳĲ˼ʵŪģôõġǴӷΰõġ
Ĳ˼˵ͷֹã˵ȷǼΰ͸ҵġ
˺һ󣬲ʵʲôʱ£
ȥ¥֮ǰ
ȥ¥֮ǰӸһʧ˳
ڤݣֻ޽У˾ǧ࣬Ҳֻüһڤݣ˸ǽֻ˵ƿϼͼ״˸û
Ҳ˵ΰڤݣⱾһͬѰ顣
ʱô˵ģ˶٣ֲָǶ仨Ľͣ
Ĳ˼Ȧһ죬Ĭ˺һ󣬲Ŵ˵ǲ֮͸ңഺפ
˵ţĲ˼Ȼ
Ȼ˵ΰ飬Ĳ˼ЩŲ¡
Ĳ˼һԽ͵շΰĽͣ˵үүһŷģ˵Ҳǳ֮Ϊ֮
˰Σ૵˵ŷˣô˵ĲСһȥŷޣ²ֻȥô򵥡
Ƕ俴ʴɵڤݣ˰Σ˵գҪشһڤݵ飬ϧŪǸӡ
յΣĲ˼ߣȻ֪֮£ȥҲδؿ϶˵
ֱƲƲ죬м˵˵˲ȥش磬ǾȻòȥϣ˭ת
˼硭ã˵˽£Ҿ͡Ҿ͡
˰ɣԥԥģҲ֪ʲôˣĲ˼ƲƲ죬ֵһЦ֪Դ˾ûʲôȤǹ̽̽ġ
㡭ٴʧ˳Ϊ˹˾飿
Ĳ˼硰񡱵Ц˼֪ͱܣðɣֱ˵ˣڹ˾ôƬ̶סҾ͸Ұְִˣܹ˾ĸأѻҲˣԺ󣬾͸һȥѩڤݡ
˼ءʵ
뻻ȥŷ޶飡
һԼ龪һ
ҲֺǺǵ˵ԭˣǺǣºˣ죬ܽСٹæǾȫԡ
ӵĻû˵꣬Ĳ˼ʱüͷܽС
ûɵһţϽ˵¶ϸ⣬˵Ҫ⡭
飬ӵʱҲڳӸɣϼӵ˵ϴҲǸӣѩϸ磬⣬ǵĲƷЩǷȱԾҸ˹ලǣٺ٣ܽСϤˣã


811 ֲ
˵ţ塰˶ˡɣϼֵʵʱˣ˭
ʱɣڶ˶ûʱ˵ˣɣҲԿף϶ǲᰴ˿ŵġ
ʱЩ֡
˵ɣϼȥţһţֻһŮӣһϸ䣬üͨʵʣļ𣿡
ŮӺɣϼȴʶֻʵʲô£
ŮӻûеӴ˵ܳܲپ͵ˡ
ŮӣȻǰܽߣ
ܽɣϼݣְܽЩƣ룬Ծβסܽߵ
ֻǰܽһۿĲ˼Ĳ˼ɵòӢ˵棬Ȼһ
ҪĵĳˣһŭݵĲ˼ɵ˻ȥ
ֻĲ˼ŭҲԹñˣܽߵ飬Ҳ͸Ĳ˼̹׹Ĳ˼ԭҲŹΪϵҪðܽ߹ලĲ˼Ҳ̡
ǣĲ˼粻̵ǣܽߵСѾ΢΢¡Ĳ˼һ֪ܽô¡
Ĳ˼ܹŭ
һƣקɣϼҪȥӶ廹ûɣ裬ֻһ̾ͱĲ˼סӣǲ˵ûµôô£˵
תͷڨڨЦϴĲҵ¡
ܽߵǿӢ˵Ĳ㣬ʵһе԰ɣιҾ飬ԲҲСģˡ
ˣöӢģҲͽֻһһˣģĲ˼ɣϼһĿȻ
Ĳ˼˸ǲڻܽôһ˵˭֪ܽǻĺӡ
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Ĳ˼翴˿ֿ˿ܽߣһŭݣԼûܲԼ𣿡
ץԴ˵ǣǲ˵ƭҵôôͻȻðӡǡ
ܽ߿Ц˵ˣԭֻȥˣû뵽ûСġԲˡ
Ĳ˼Ȼŭһʱ֮Ҳ벻ӣܽߵԸĲ˼֪ģƵüˣҲǸʲôԲϣȴֻˡ
ɣϼ֪ܽУϽðܽ£Ȼȵʵˣ
һʮ졭ܽ߶ɣϼЩøУʵʵĴ
Ĳ˼ӣһʮ֮ǰǡŦԼӣңסǼҵʱ
أҪˡ
Ĳ˼վŭô˵
ŬĻ˺þãŵͷ˵޻˵
ʱҲܹƵõԼ˵ʲôҲȫ޼£ֻǸϣԼʲô֪
ԣʵ޻˵
ɣϼ˼䣬ܽ˵иоݣҲͲȥˣʣֻӼŭĲ˼硣
ۿսҪӸϽվֱӽ鷿һʵ磬ʵʵʵĸң⡭⵽ô£
һ᣺ӣҲʹ㣬ʲôоҿɾͲףԩ
ӡߺߡЦ˵磬һֱΪڿЦû뵽ˡǺǣ˵ֵҲ㣬ֵǰﲻٺ١
㻹Цŭܲܰ취
취ûУӺٺٵЦ˵Щȱ£϶ԣҾͲ˵ˡ
˵ʲô취ĥĥģûҪ˰
£һܽߣסһĲϴ󡣡
ȥ湻ȱµġŭ
ӺٺٵЦҾ˵ˣܹ뵽ľֻƫ˵˻һ٣ٺ٣Ҫû£ôỳϺӣǺǣ˵ֻһۣͻˣ˭˭еı£Ȼûеģ
޲ƤЦϼƣǴȷеø⣬һͨ˵˵ӣһֺ˵˵һͨ
Ҫе˭˭еı£һҪɵģ϶һ
ȻӺٺٵЦʵи취
ŭ᲻ȱ£ǵĻͱ˵ˡ
Цȱ²ȱ£ҪôҪգգȱŮԴʱȷҲݵġ
˵ص㡭Щŭɶ
Цһ漴ɫ˵ûдܽС㣬ǾֻһܽС»̥֮㣬
ܣûðܽŮӦòˣĻͽ̣ܵܽ߱˵ԸҲ
һ˵͸˵ͨ룬һţܽ߾Ѿ˵ˣԼҪҪӣҪҪˣԼ˵㣬ԣƲ⣬Ӧǲġ
оݣӵɫ֮⣬ֻһ㡭
˵ߴٵ
֪û˵̥¶һأ˵
̥ӣϵûаװģﲻɵһ
̥飬Ȼ˵˵ģν̥˵ŮӸڲ䣬ͬ˺һ㡣
ܽߵӦǲ˲ˡ
˵ܽеǮһ죬񲻻ҽ
ӺٺٵһЦ飬϶ǰܽΪ뵱Ȼˣ˵ȥҽһӹҽ˭˵һ㲻ãһҽԺҽ˼ϲ˵ҪСӣ͸˳ˮۡ
˵ģȻЩ̫ҲЩɣܽͦŸ΢΢¡СһЩŻţټĲ˼ϴʣʹûҶ࿴һ۰ܽޣǲΪܽ޲䣬ǻУûȥע⡣
ôһ˵Ǻȥô¡
һҧҧӣص
ֻʱĲ˼Ĳ˼˶Ѿˣʣɣϼ밬ܽˡ
ܽ߶棬ҧƬ̣˵ܽС㣬Уҽ𣿡
˭֪ܽ޵Ļش𣬲°Ͷ
˻ӣǺ鰡˺ӣûʲô£ҲûҪȥҽ
˵ûȥҽ˺һʵ
ܽ޺ĵ˵ͷӣ϶û˵ٻ
ãվҿϽ˵
ܽҲ˳վϸؿ˿΢΢¡Сֺתӣ󱳡
ֻƬ̣ͳ绰Ĳ˼ĺ룬˳ȥ
ʧǣĲ˼ֻػͨ
æɣϼĲ˼ĵ绰ϧǣĲ˼ֻšཡֱӹػˡ
Ĳ˼ˣֲϸ˵һ֮£ɴĵ绰ҲˣֱӰֻص


812 
ûӴͨĲ˼ĵ绰ɴȥĲңҪȥĲ˼˵
ֻǵĲңкģȴֻһˡ
Ĳ˼Ĳ˼ûҲͽֻһ˯˵ĲԶɽĲ۾ˣȥ˻û
軹˵ʲô£ͽһĲҵ˻ԴΪת档
ûܼĲ˼磬Ѿ֪Ĳ˼ԼǲԸټԼ˵û͸Ĳ˼һˣԣ裬Ĳ˼ԼܽˣϢһʱ֮ҲܴﵽĲ˼
˺һվû¸裬ֻԼһȻĲҡ
ڶһ磬Ǽҿǣ˵ĲҵѾˣҲûʲôҪ˵ˣͷҲһѣȥȻò
һҲûſֻҲǼҿֻĲɵĻ˼䡣
Ǽҿ˵һλȥѩؼңѩԼãôǼҿðȥ
ӣ˵ǼҿҪѩסҡͷ˵ûΣȥǻĿѩһӾ͸ˡ
ѩû׼취ϣĲ˼Ǿڤݵμ
Ĳ˼óڤμǼҿȻǿģֻǼҿãŷôҪμԴ֮أ̸ףοҵԴ֮أܲҵڤݣҲ˵
ҪǣȥѰڤݣһ·ϴѩͲʵ顣
ԣѩȥ˵Ҳࡣ
½½ɣϼɣ衢ܽߵ˵ǼҿҪѩһ׷Ȱ˵ǼҿѩϾѩ·ѩͻȥĻһ飬Ǽҿֱôͷ
Ļֻ»ӵѩĲ顣
ȻǼҿѾִҪѩⲻǵѩĲò⣬ϵĲ˼֮
εԭǼҿǲֱ˵ˣֻ˵ѩ飬ԼᴦúãֻһԴ֮㲻ɵЩԲ˵
ִ֮ʣվ˳ǿ˵Ǵ磬㻹ҵĻͽС㽻ңұ֤꣬һһС㣬ҪǲεĻҲ޻˵ˡ
Ǽҿ˫ͨºǲ̣˺һӦѩ취ƣǼҿҲ˵ˣЩҪæĻֱӸ绰
֮Ǽҿصֶһ˶Ż˯ѵѩĬ˺üСʱ
ʱڣɣϼݸһҽԺĻ鱨棬ǰܽߵȷǻУӹãԵģֵַ磬ֻҪʱƣҲͲʲô⡣
ɣϼ֮ѱ͸İҲЩԻ
һŻ鱨棬Цַŵһߡ
ܽ޵ĲϾ֪˵ģֻԼ֪ʲôã
ǺϢĲ˼ֲڳοĲ˼Ĳ˼˵ĵ绰һֱڹػ״̬ɣϼƲ⣬ǽˡ
죬е˶æˣٴΰԼؽ鷿ӸɣϼŰܽסԺƼ
ֻĲ˼Ĳ˼ûаţĹƣʱѾŷĳطҪôĲ˼̤̤ʵʵĶ飬ҪôѰڤݵ䡣
ȻЩĲ²⣬ϾΪֹĲ˼ûаϢ
ڼ䣬ҲȥĲҼΣżĲԶɽĲԶɽ飬Ĳ˼Ĳ˼˵ȴ֪ࡣ
ʹÿһζ˳ĹȥȴÿһζȻʧĻ
ˣ鵭Ȼ첻ѩͷ鷿ϡ
һ죬һ͹˷ܵظһҪǼҿĻѾ׼׵׼ҪΪһ׮ڵĶǺ׬Ǯ⣬˵ʽʱҪȥףף
ֳȻţ統̣Ǵ̺ţ統̡ĸֵ̽ƣŵƽʣ˵ϲ졣
Цеĸ˵Ǹѵõĺӣ˸һϼƣ˳ţ統̿š
¶Ȼûһʱ䶼Լ鷿棬Ҳûãԣ˶ˡ
ңӻ˵Ȼţ統̿ţȴû̫ţʲôģҲͽֻ˼ˣ˵ĲԶɽȵȸȽ׽ˣֶϷʲôģһ֣Ҫ
˿õϲţ統̣һֱŵϣһ˿Ц⡣
Сʦһ๤Ҳһ͹ˣһҲϲġ
ϾӹȻЩǹȴǸ˰ٷ֮壬⣬ۻ˵ӽԺÿµĽҲǰٷ֮壬һÿ˵ʵݣϾǵٷ֮ʮ
ңؼڴҶ֪ڵĳƷ⣬Ҹ·ֻԼ˶٣˵ˣԭĹʾͱȱ𴦸˺ܶ࣬һǣÿ˻ϲüҲŹ֡
ˣŴ츻ĵװɣϼܽˣһӭ
˶ǧһĽŮӣʢװһУϵĸĵҪޡ
ɣϼܽӭСʦǱߵĺЩ˶Ľг
ԭҲ˵ӹϰǸˣû뵽һ֪ᣬ˵
ʮ˾أֻһкӰ
û뵽ǣǰϲȺ棬һȺԼ͵Ůӡ
ɣ硢䡢ȵһͬѧҲӡ
ңһһǰЦŸ˵磬ϴǼݵħʵ̫ˣ죬㻹ٸǱһΡ
˸һӵϣΧסߴߴ˵ֻͣĿֻһǾҪһħ
˻ɣꡢֱƵǰסȥ·Ҫ̾ͱһȻͲȥ
һʢװۣ龰̲סǺֱ֣ϵϲ⣬Ҳβס
ΪֵۣҲֹɣһͬѧ֣Ϊʱ磬ҪĿĲԶɽһʱǲԣеʱ䡣
һȺѧΧţʵѲֻЦ˵ȻôӣҲֻһسˡ
һ⻰е˶ʱ˿㹻Ŀռ䡣
ӼҪħ׼ǰϣû뵽ȴֻǶ˵ͷ
һƣӱ֪Ҫһһ̨ħ
£Ҳ΢˿Щ
е˶΢΢һȻ˵Ĺ£ŸλϤ˰ɣҾͲ˵ˣڣһֻʡ
˵ţֽͳһ֧һ֧һëʡ
ǳǳͨëʣСָͷϸӱʹܣһıʺа졣
ֻ֧ëֻƾһӣʺһɫīۡ
ƾۣ˿ɢīۡ
ӶëʣʱеǰȻһƬһĲԭɫ̣ʣʵĿĲԭ֮ϡ
ƾѾ˼飬¼ֻһƬԭѾĿɿڴˣȴûͣ±˼


813 
˲ݵأٴλӶʣֻڲݵϵ˼㣬ĲԭϱһشزõĻ䣬使ۣе˱ＸᵽµϢ
ֻϵĲݵأ̧ͷһƬͿĨʱ֮䣬еֱԭЩ뵵ĳգȻһƬտ
տϣ֮£ϡϡĳּɫƲʣһʵԭҰ⣬չеǰ
еˣƾջĻ˼
еＸֻһͷôôĵطʲôʱҲȥĵط
ЦţƾջĻϵЦȴʧ
طϡǵãǽϲɽأһҲһƬ
ֻظԭϲտգҲֻŻô
ϧǣһƬȴʹĿʼ
ԣҲãҲãԴ˼Ϊ̡
Щ˵УҲֻȥЩԣЩ˵ļ䡣
ľɫڱ˵ֻǶֻǶĸ棬ȴ˵ʹ
ݵأأաƣȴûͣ±˼еĺʼӶʱν֮ʣһλװŮǣһƥ
е֮䣬ŮӻߵǲõĵطŮӷſеĿɿܿŮȴȥС֣һʰ쵵ʻ
ȥŮӵĿǾķ֣ŮӵĿȻĲ˼磡
ˣĲ˼˾ĸңҲǵƬԭ֮˲źͺȻΪ̵ļ䡣
еĲ˼磬ʰ쵵ʻյϣĺŻ㡣
ʱȴͣеĺʣĿŻеĲ˼һһһЦһ򭡣
ڳϵ඼ϵĲ˼ģɣϼܽޡ۵Բ˵ɣҲǸĲ˼ģֻЩ˵ļ̶ȣԶԶӶ硣
ԣֻǾûеŮĲ˼ʮƣȴʵʵĲ˼硣
УһĲ˼۱סӵ㷢һȴ֧ողʻʻ׹䣬ƮƮҡҡ
һɲ֮䣬еأʰ쵵Ļ䣬׵ĺĻƵķ۵ġʽɫƮ
Ļ仨꣬£۵Ĳ˼ߡŵףĲ˼磬ȽȽĲ˼ȴеĻ䣬ĻŮɢɻ
Ĳ˼Ż䣬סֱɻеľ⣬ֱģʧ
ӻعʱѾţ統̶ʱֻ䡢˾š
Ӵ̫ˡ̾
ѽôû뵽Ҫֻ˺ʧ
ֻ໡ûƵ˺ʹĽе
ҹȥֻȴʲôûĵɥˣǲ

е˶ţһ⣬Ϊԭûܹ¼Ϊʵһ̡
˰ɥ֮࣬ٲĴ׺ɣˣȥ磬ҪȻȥ֮ʲôǽ
ǰǰҹʱ򣬶˵ˣʵƵǷҪȻͰϴһӣ꣬磬ǾȾҰɡ
Ҳǰȥûֻܰǳһµҵ
һŮӣ޳Ϊҿǰµ㻨Ǯˡ
ɣһļͬѧ΢ǿһЩȻһҲǿɥɣȴظ롣
ֻҪż¼һΣ£ʱҶˡ
ҵ£Ժкš
µˡ
Ҫٱʦѵ㿸
ǻҪҴ⣬ֵ
ɣͨ죬ֻôӦȥԿ
Сʦһ๤ˣȻͬϧһҲһЦ֮ϾǴˣûܼ¼һʵħȻֵøһëȡ
е˶ûע⵽ֱߵһ棬һñߴīڱǶÿסˣãժīȥˮ˺һٴδīӡ
ںϵĲ˼زĻ棬ã˵㣬Ĳˡ
ӵֻӱ桰һȴ˵
Ĳ˼һǵ˵ڿޣ
ӵɴӱ桰һֻרעĿųӡ
Ĳ˼̾Ϣһ˵ÿ춼ֻƴŰְֽ飬ľͿĨƽʹĿԷ
ͻȻ͵زһɲʹóײһǽϡ
ţҴӦ飬Ҿһ㵣Щʲôӵתͷ˵һ䣬Ȼ͵ɿɲһƥֵҰ͵ǰ˳ȥ
Ĳ˼òסӣץס֣˵ˣһˣ͵øǲرĸ㣬ϲԣڸıˡ
ţ統̿ţҪӴĲԶɽ֮Ŀˣʽĵһⷢһ죬ʵʵڵø۵ùǺصʱȴûаƣ̬ǳ˷ܡ
һصɣ衢ɣϼӵ˵֪ڤݵ׼ȷȷԶŷһƫƧĵط
ԣ̾Ͷѩһȥŷ޿
ɣϼ˵ڼӣѾ죬潻ɣϼӵˣҲܷġ
ԣһ磬ʹѩ뿪һ
ڶһ磬ȴһ˿棬Ա߻һ䡣
ЩȻʵӣǸʲô˵ڼϼǵô
ӡٺ١ĿЦ˵ǰʲôطûҾϴһ·չ㣬ڣϴûϢҲȥչ㣬˭ȥ
һᣬ˵ʵÿγȥ˭չ˭˭ﶼһһû˵Ҳһ𲢼С
һȥŷѰڤݣһ·ϣҪչ˻˯ѵѩҪչԼһ˿϶æӣҲûİˣӲȥ˭ȥ
ɣϼӸɣ˵ˣɣһֵ֮ͬ䣬ʲô£СǶòӦֵܡ
ɣϼҲǵͷ˵ûʾɣϼﻹأҺҪȻԼЩˡ
˵ţܽҲҪȥС
˵ѩֱӸϵ
˺ɣϼܽ˰˰׵ģǧʵѷᡣ
ۿʮӾ͵˵ǻʱ䣬ͻȻ䶢󣬴죬¶ɫ
ɫ죬̲סͷȥһ֮£Ҳ̲סɴ۾
Ĳ˼紩һɵĺɫƤװһ䣬橵ĳ
˼硭Ĵһ
þöûĲ˼ϢȻ֮Ĳ˼磬þֻʣ¡˼硱֡
Ĳ˼ߵӵ˸ǰͷһѩźƽ˵ող֪ҪȥŷޣҸ˹
Ĳ˼ƽԭǸԼˣֻǳٵƬ̣ûµƽ
ϴ㡭ҲǼðβŴĳ֡
ҡϴ󡯣Ĳ˼һӣ
ԶԶԡһĽеǲٽСϴˣӦýСɩӡ
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