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ҶؽɫѪҺں֮ԣ̳بŲ־һǿݣһ׺ƽһһɨ졣


1 Ҷ
峿һӶԽ˷ɽɽ´µİ׵۳ǣӵƾʷĹųǡ
أ
һ磬һʮ꣬˫ֲźĲŵϰվڰ׵丮һʮ׸ߵĺľȭ
صĻںľΧʱ򣬺ľƤһ飬мմȾ˿˿ѪƮɢڿС
ɺɫѪˮ˳ѵȭͷƵĿģȴ޶ԡ
Ϊʲôҿһʱ䣬ҵȴȻͣͲǰ۾ī絶һǷҧ˫ʵѵûޣעǸ
УҲܷҾͲŽȫǱѹեȻ޷ͻ弫ޡ뵽Լɽȴѳߵµ常һ˿ִӵǿңһ˵ȭͷȭ
ȭҶ磬ϽĴ֮һҶҵӣҶֱϵӣҶҼĺӡ
ȻҶ⣬ҶҴҫ츳ʱԳӵо˵Ʒ츳Ͻʳǡ
Ͻо󲿷û츳Ʒ츳Ͻ궼δֹһ
˵һ˳ӵƷ츳Ҷ罫뵽Ϊˣδǲ
ΪҶ羪˵츳ϽĴ֮һļҸԸðҶǼСӵƷ츳ļѩҶ綨ס
Ҷ翪һЦʮ޾ʱȴ֣ⷢ޷γޣѵһ
ӵƷ츳ԤʾҶӵлԻ͵δڶ½ӵ츳ǲģֻн츳ںϣγԼޣУΪһߡ
츳ֻǾջɳٶȣûޣ츳ٸҲûá
Ҷ뵽͹ȣΪϽʳЦʱС常没徣ǱҶҳϳ˼š
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãҧأȫȭҶɫɷһƬˮ֯һ𣬲ֱ˴ˡ
оϾҪҶ粻òֹͣȭڴŴ
Ҷ磬㾹Ȼ˷ѵѹեԼǱΪ˻ȡûޣעһˡ
ʱһɫ黨ȹںڳɢ˫磬Ƥϸ壬ò޵Ůӳ˵
ѾҶҵˣҵܡҶ̧ͷһۣػӦ
ѵҶŮҶ飬ӵƷ츳ѩʮļ߾磬ǰ׵丮֮ǻʳҶҵ顣
ټòޣɢŶеʣƮƮվԭأеĹ⻪
Ϣˣô˵
ҶĻӦҶüͷ΢΢һ壬żŭ֮⡣
ֻǲϣ㽫ʱ˷ַϡ˵꣬ҶԳЦЦͷҲصת뿪ˡ
ĿҶįıӰҶϵŭȫ̾ϢһΪϧҲΪҶϧ
ڻʮӣܹһЩҩˡ
ҶֿҶֱ˰׵丮еҩҪһЩ۵ҩˣۼӣ˵Լľ
߽ҩҶ翴ɫοճȹгˣͿױòĵǾڹҩݡ
Ǿǰ׵۳ǺǼҵĴС㣬ҶͷʱǾߵĺֻܽǺҶ޷ޣԶҶ磬
ϣⲻǰ׵丮ôֽԼŪ˺ۣҶҪƹǾ𰣬ҵĲҩ뿪ʱһ
ͦΣòĵֳһȣ˽ĸǾҲʱĿȡ
˵ǲϲŰҿ԰㡣йǾǰҶ磬Ҫע
ȻеոѡֵҩݵǾ𰻺תĮؿһҶ磬ֿһ۷裬ĵС
ҶȻ޷Ȥͣ٣תȥѡʺԼҩݡ
ת֮ʣҶٶȼĴӵȣĳһǾƨɡ
ţ۾ԲĵӦҶֽصϣ̧ȾҪߡ
оԼƨɱݺݵسһ£ѡҩݵǾһһƬհףĺ˳Ĳӣ
һ̣߳ŭǾתһ۾ͿеȣһɳŭӿԴ붼û룬̧۵С֣ݺݵ˵ƣҧгݵ˵УǲŲҶĹ֣㡣
𰣬㲻ҪᣬոճƨɵĲңǱݺġ
Ǿ񣬵ŵһ£æ͵
Уһһ˵ȻҺǾѾѣҲ顣Ҷͣ˽Ųϵ˵
ģ¾ɵģҷľƨɲģ𣿡Ҷֱ׳ָԼĲѪĳ嶯
Уǲɵģ㲻ôѿɡ㲻ҪҪҶӵɭȻ񣬹
㡭
һģĵҪʱΧͶһǾŭˣлŷ۳ޣɢŰ׹Ľ
ݣ
һ̶ĿĦǾ޽һ⣬˵еؿڣعǡ
ۣ
һѪڵΪһߵǾشصˤڵϣ۾һڣ˹ȥ


2 Ѫ
ߣ
Ǿһһ㣬ǹѪڵһĵУƨɴ˿˿оͷҲص뿪ˡ
ǾʼնûпԼһۣҶԳЦЦ
ԭǾ𰲻Լ뾡취ֺԼԴӼԼ޷ޣҶҳһжˡ
ҶᵽʵǺεȵĲпᡣ
ǿһҪǿ
ҶȭͷзĵȻ֪ûޣҪΪǿǺεȵѣǰжپֱǰ
ҩݣҶ뿪ҩ
Ȼ׵丮סܺãҶԴӱϳҶҺʧȥеľԴΪʡǮòڰ׵۳ǽסһ۵СԺ
ţѪζԺôѪζ
ҶƣӣոջصСԺеŵƮŵѪζʱ
ҶվſڣĿ˸ѰΣʱԺΨһһľ£ⷢһѪؿڱʬ嵹Ѫһ
ˣҼôһˡ
Ҷ翴Զʬ壬üͷ΢΢һ壬ԥ߽˹ȥ鿴
û·ǰӦһ
Ҷ鿴ʱ֣ʬϵ·Ȼأʮֵ˳ϸҲմһ˿Ȼ·ԡ
СҶҳ󣬼棬ӵԵĲϣȴûмʬϵ·жϣ˵ݾԲһ㡣
У뾡콫ˣĳ֪˵һɱ֮
˾ҶѪܵʬ壬Ժȥ׼ӺԺڸӣˡ
Ҷ϶ʬĹУʬ廳һöѺۣƽǽǶһŰɫʯĽָ
òһöǬָɡ뵽ҶҲһöƵĽָöָҶҴ֮һ˸޷ֵǡ
ҶҲǼƷ츳ͷʢʱҼһΡ
뵽ǬָڲǬֺܲ򵥣Ҷ۾ԽԽ
öǬָ͵ҺĳͰɡҶؿڱʬöصǬָ
꣡
ҶֲķСĽöصǬָˣһǿĽ˳Ҷֱ۷飬ȫѪһѪ˳صˤڵϡ
öǬָأ˽ǬָԱԽҶ統ը
ţʲô
ɢ˲Ҷ緢ֳһķͨڵĽӣصĻ꾧⣬أȫˣҶ粻ɵϧۡ
֪ںװʲôҶ绳źģ˺ںУ¶һʮֹ죬ϸ䶯Ĺӡ
ӣںоȻװһʻӡźںѪɫӣҶЩ¡
⵽ʲô˵ӣΪʲôʻġ
ҶӡУԴּңȥǰ㣬ӵǿ
˻
Ҷ绳źģָͷһѪɫʱͻȻоָ·𱻶ݵһ㣬һĵʹ
ܵҪջָʱȴԼָѪɫεסˣѪʽѪɫС
ҶָʳѪѪɫϸûԾһѪ˳ҶѪָֹС
ˣ
ҶֻһشݺݵػԼԴһֱˤڵϡ
һ̣һ˺ѷεʹҶԺвָо룬֮С
۵Ҷ˫ֱԴĺˮϴĶͷϵڵϴ
⵽ʲôѵҪҵĴԡҵʹҶһϢĸо
ʹ࣬ĻǺ£ԼĴԱѪɣԼһûʶʬ⡣
һҪ׷£Ҳҵȥ
ʹеҶ籩һָزͷƤУŬסԼסԺһʶŲ԰׵Ŀ
һӣӣӡ
Ȼֻж̶̵һٰʮ룬Ҷ˵ȴһͣʹĥļʱгһ˿ĽɫѪҺڽѪС
һ̣Ѫ漣ֹͣɣĻӿҶѪܵĴС
ҶںЩ仭ʱؿڱѪҺɵʬͻȻѪɫ۾
ںѪɫԲɣҶԴѪʱѪɫ۾͸֮ɫ
ţĨͱɭȻɱȡɱȻ


3 Ƭ
ˡ
Ҷ绺ƣ˫ڻʱһͳĶС
㣬ôţؿڱһѪӣҶ¶˾֮ɫ
ؿڱѪҺɵ˾ûĿܣһĻȫ
ô۾͸һ˿ΣյϢϲʵ
ǣֻǳԾǰôصˣȻû¡׽۾صΣϢҶһŬԼ͵
벻ѧ¡ӹһЦʵ
⡭Ҷüͷһ£˵ǰҪҰΪʦ𣿡
һˣͱϵµڱΣϲ֣Ҷȴûбľϲͷԣʮûѵͣ۾о֮ɫŨˡ
ǰ㣬֤ԵԸΪʦһὫұѧ㣬ʱѧгɣⷲ˹ȵľ㣬ҲҪĿҶ磬޷ʵĿġ
Ȼ˵óϿңҶȴ۾в׽һĨǳǳɱ⡣
ҪɱңѵΪǿŹѪԡ
ҶԺðһµͷȫĺëֱ˫Ȳˡ
ô㲻ԸΪʦ
Ҷ粻ˣӵɫø˵Ҳñޱȣеɱεı
ǰʦ̫شɷҺͼҶһ򶨵˵
֪˭֪½жҪΪʦӵ
ǰ֪ǰɷʱؼ游ĸͻǰҶ粻˵
ʲûѡȨԸڰʦȥˡ
˵ţлŷ˲㼯һͷӴһɢŴĿĴߣǿѹ˲Ҷ磬оѣȸעǦˮһ㣬ϲ
ǰ㲻ҪԸΪʦˡ
ȻأǶ֮ʵ̫̫Ҷɣֻһͷͷ߾ܻɱԼѣҶֻίȫѡЭ
ΪԸΪͽֻǶȽϸȤȻҵͼȥˡӿͷȻ䷢סҶ壬ӲԼǰ
һ̣ǿпԼ뿪壬ðҶԺУҪ꣬ռ壬¶عѪԡ
꣬Ҷ·𰸰ϵ޷֮ӵʴԼԺС
ˣӡ
ҶԺвͷ˫һڣڵϣʧȥʶ
ҶԣҪĨȥĴʶ꣬ռ塣
ɾʱⷢˡ
ҶеĹѪԷ·ӵһ㣬ͷųǿУꡣ

⵽ѪԵɣ֪Σգæ۳һţҪӳҶ֮С
κѪ̫죬γɵиǳ귴ޡ
ѪԸܵͷֱӽꡣ
ĺУ걻ѪˣͷҲ˲仯ɺ⣬ɢڰС
꣬ѪԷ˱仯һſŹϸٵ䶯Ҷ뵽һصξռС
ţѵѾˣ
Ҷ罥ָʶԼһֲָĿռУɫռУƯһǳɢļ»İɫ㡣
ҶԶǿعʱ·ӵһ㣬ಡһӦû뵽С

Ҷоʹһ̣Լг˴Ļ棬ֻЩɻһ㣬ϵʴĴԣ۵ȥѡ
ѵûȻʹô˵ʵַܵʹʵڵģҶŬסһ˿űĿسš
Ҳ֪˶ãҶ类˺ѷεʹĥļʱعںһʹڿʼؼ
ֹãȫˮʪ͸ɫ԰ûһ˿Ѫɫıָ׿۵ѪҶڻˡ
ӵʬʱһ£ţϢ̵ĳˮӿԺС
ţҵԺСôôණ
ҽط
ѵع㣬һ˵Ƭ
뵽ҶˣʶԼõģһ޷ĲƸ
ЩƸĿǰҪҲġ
ӵʲƸܸı侽ȵ״һɳ졣


4 һŵ
Ҷڵ꾧ѸٽóӣԼҺԺһӣӵʬˡ
ҶûͣصУʰң뿪˳Σļң뵽˰׵۳ɽС
Ҷڰ׵۳֮ãԾɫ˵İɽʮϤԼʱ˰ɽһƧɽ꣬ɽһεɽС
Ӧðȫˡ
ҶһϢһᣬʼĬĬԺзӵļƬ
ͨ죬ͨͷߣʵﵽ֮ǰصĴ
Ҷʱȵ֪ľӵݺ
ʲô磿ʲôط
ȻҶСҶҳʶΪޣҶֻ֪ߣʦ޽Ĵ󾳽磬ÿ󾳽ַΪС磬ȴδȾ硣
ڰδš
Ҳ̵֤еҪԣ˵츳ٸߣǿţûƥĴ֧֣Ҳ޷ͻƾ缫ޣ̤߾硣
֪ͨݣҶӵ䣬ܿ죬ͱͨյһŰӲ⴫ط
طͨ쾹Ȼһط
Ҷ֪лļֵҪڻ꼼֮ϣΪߵֱӾٶԼߵ͡
ڻطΪϡҲżȻҶղصһżмطĽܣ֪ÿһط󲻵ϽûһطС
طΪҶģûЩ꣬еľȫͶ뵽ϡ
ȻΪûд֮Ѵﵽƿ޷ٽһȴõĻ
طΪƤ⣬ࡢѹǡϴ󾳽硣
£̥ǣ췭ظı仯޼᲻ݣܴﵽһȭԽһɽƽһӿĺضϡ
ǰطܽ£ûޣҲܳΪһ֣¡
ҶһвŨŨľϲ֮ɫҪӵ䣬Ȳˡ

ҶһסģӵļƬ֪Ѫеʱȫסˡ
ɻȼɹ󣬿Ժγǿֱɵ˵ޣǿĻ
˵ɻҶպΪ鵤ҩֻ費ϵսͨɻֱɵޣľ硣
ֻҶ粢ûޣȷԼܷɻ
ɻҶ绹һٶȻ꼼λӰ
λӰΪŴ󾳽磬ÿһؾ磬ƶ۳һٶӰӣһٶȡ
£˲۾ŴٶӰӣűٶȣ˲䱬ȫɱΡ
ֻΪʵޣҶδͻƻʦ֮ǰ޷λӰ
ţʲôҽƬ
Ҷ罫ӵʱ˴ҽĽܡ
Ȼҽڸߵȼ˵ͬڼߣֽ׶εҶ˵ȴʮҪ
ҽҶͿɽҽԼǱ
ҽƬҶ绹һŸƬ
ƴϽϡ٣ҲģĪ󷨣ӵлĻɴɵġ
˵Ͻʦ˾ͽһʦϽʵۼ֣ҵ
ѧƬеƣǲǾܳΪһʦ뵽ΪʦĺôҶ¶ڴ֮ɫ
ԺеļƬҶаٸнҲû뵽ԼΪһŹѪԣ췭ظı仯
ʹɻʼɡ
λӰƣûɻ󣬸ҪǣҶҪɻԵڶξޡ
ţɻô򣿡
ҶɻУɻ·ΪԼһ㣬ûһ˿ɬŵĸо
ʮֵļ򵥣ѵԡ
ѵΪںԣԡҶ²
Ҷ츳ǧһں˹ѪԣǴﵽĳ̶ȡ
ΪѪӵǿҶһԵ֡
Լһʱ䣬ɻҶԺγһУģһԽԽԽԽѪ
ѪȫͺһɹɾĻѪҶС
Ҷȫ˻޷ͻƵľƿɳƣԸͻƵһ߾硣
ͻˣͻƵһ߾ˣѵγɵѪҵޣ
Ҷ¶һ˿Цû뵽ԼѾǧ۵޾˵⣬һŵ
⵽һʲôţҶгڴ


5 ѩ˼
峿һƬõɫϼݶȽȽĴʹչһɫʣĿ
¡¡
ɽһ׶ߵٲ£ҶصĻ꾧ϰϥһ⻬ʯϣɴµٲˮӡ
⵽ӿٲˮҶ˾޴ѹûٲˮѹڻղƻ꾧̺ĻƤ
һһؾ磬ĵһƤ磬ķҲﵽһǧ֮
Ҫ֪㣬塣
ߣںޣܴﵽһǧֻ֮Ҫһؾ磬ܴﵽȳ̶ȡ
ڶ⾳磬Դﵽֲǧ֮Ѫܱƽһ֮һȭұߡ
ֻѶȱȽϴûǿԴֺ֧ͻơ
ҶвٲĻ꾧Щ꾧ϣʱһƤ硣
ŴҶУƤеϸٵطɱ䣬һ㱡ĻƤ棬ٲˮĳ
ٲˮѹԽԽСҶ뵽һ״̬УһƵɶţΧĻںһ
ͨҶʱ˿̵״̬һᾪӣΪҶ״̬Ŀڤ״̬ЩһӶ޷һΡ

ϽʳǣϽһǳأҲϽڣϽ󲿷ֻ߶
ʱϽʳһĺͤУһò̬ǧĸŮ
УŮһͷƮݵĳϻŵױļǵòڳһ棬Զʤһˡ
ϰɫ黨ȹǽ߳е쾡£ȹ¶޳ӵıɱǿ
òˣʾѣһŮҶδޣϽʳǵһŮѩ
ѩˣִ޸ҶǸѩĸףɢӺݻʵüͷȰ˵߾ӣҶӵжߵ츳Ͼ޷ޣټѾҶҳȻ䲻㡣
ĸģҸû޸Ҷ磬δͻƵ޽֮ǰǲ˵ģ֮Լּ޸ҵĵƣǸĽɽˮġѩƽ˵·˵һ΢С¡
ѩûǰ򵥡̾ϢһգҼҼңүүףŵȻүүûһڴӦҶ뽪ɽˮ֮䣬ڽɽˮ
ɽˮҸῼǣѩü˵
ɽˮǽ۵Ķӣ̻ʳǵһ彪ҳƽʱ޶һϲãǾռָŮϲŮϽʳ̣Ů
вٷŮֱӱǿ֮ӵѨιߡ
ѩүү»ӦΪµĳŵУһżľƷҩžƷҩ߳ɰգүүˣָʵżѩףг̾Ϣ
ƷҩоƷҩѩüͷһ£Ծ˵
ΪޣϽҩʦֻƳƷҩƷҩּƷҩϽֻ丮У丮еľƷҩҲƷʹġ
ǺñɣȻþƷҩջүү֪еĻѩµ͸¶һĨ԰ףߵ˵ҾҲ޸ɽˮǸ
ѩҲתɲҪɵ¡֪ѩ߰Ը³⣬ŵ˵
үүıңֻĸ취ˡѩҧһ촽¶žġ
ʲô취üͷһƣʵ
һǵƣװ췹ýɽˮòңԸ񣬾ԸȢһŮˡѩ˵
ѩȷʵһ취ûý֪ԸѡһһҲӦɽˮ׷һ߳ŭҶģʱҶܻܿΪ¶ƽϵ˵˳
֪ҺܻܿᱨҶ磬һᾡԼŬ³֮һһǮԶ߸߷ɣҾͨı£Ҳѩһ˵
ѩ̫شҽ㻹ǺúÿǣҪֵ޷ճҪҶ硣ƵǵĶ
İĸףзִ磬ġѩᶨ˵
ԼӻҪƯֵŮ̾Ϣһ
֪ѩıߣټƷ츳ȼ͵ޱԸϽԸŮǰ㣬ļˣഺ
ôǶ˵Ŀֻôܻܿ޹Ҷ硣
ϣҪźáĬš


6 ҽ
֪ȥ೤ʱ䣬ɮ붨һҶͻȻ۾˫͵Ķһ¹⻬ʯӲʯˡ
ӣһ߸ԾӭŴµٲֱϣǧ֮ȭͷصغٲϣӲӰ㣬ֱµٲˮضˡ
ڽһؾˡ
ٲˮǿ֮ҶӰƮ£䵽ٲ̶ߡ
ܵոһ˲䣬屬Ҷ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
Ϊ˶ʱ佫һƤ磬ͨвƻ꾧һգҪڶʱڽڶؾ磬취꾧
ԴӱҶҳҶҾͶҶеľԴһƷ꾧ļ۸񣬳һӣҶϣֻʣ²ʮӣҪƷ꾧취Ǯ
Ʒ꾧Ҷ绹ҪһЩҩģǱһҩɸӰ
Ҳ󴫳п԰ҰڵľҶһʱ䣬ںӡԺƺҽƬ
Ҷ򵥻һӣһЩ״̬ѣʼںѶļƬ
ȻҶƬʮİԴںԣԴﵽ˷˼ĵز
Լʱ䣬ҶȺںҽƼ䡣
ĴУеҽƴУԲϽпԱģҲֻеĴУܽҽо˳뻯۾вѪ˿ͷʹѵҶеᵽ󴫳е¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ƴвҶҪȫƣӻһϰϰǮûʲô
ҽȻǮûʱ俪ҽǮֽ׶Σ̵ֻʱȼü֮
ţ⹥ɡ
Ҷ˼һᣬѡһƵĽȻǴм򵥵ģƲȻޱȡ
ѪɳƷɰֽ
뵽ĲϣҶеļ˲䱻ȡĶʮӣ˵Ļֽ
Ҹ˭ȥǮأҶ緺
Դ޾ʧܱҶţҶߵԽԽ٣ѾûˣûԸǮ
Ҷ飬ֻǮˡ
˼һᣬҶֻ뵽һˣȷҶ᲻һǮ
ˣȥ԰ɣʵڲİ취
Ҷε̾Ϣһ˵뿪յƧɽ꣬ص˰׵۳ǡ
Ϊ±ͨĳҷ֣⣬Ҷûٻԭļңֱ˰׵丮ҶסСԺ
ôˣ𣿡
ڷҶ´˷ţҶվʱһ£ƽ˵
Ǯ
ɴȹĸ˫ȻԲഺҶ飬Ҷ翪żɽ˵
ǮҶüͷ΢΢һ£˵ҪǮ
Ʊ
ƱҪôǮʲôҶû뵽ҶԼôǮʵ
áҶ絭ػӦһ£Ҿͻỹ㡣
š
ƱҸ㣬㻹ҶĿƵؿҶ磬뵽һ𳤴ʱ⣬Ҷͬˡ
Ҷ磬һθǮϣպҪٷҡ
ã
ҶԳЦЦһڴӦˣպ׬㹻ǮǻỹҶģϾǷҶʲôǷҶҵġ
ҶԸƱҶûκˮת뿪ˡ
Ҷ磬ѾһˣϣΪ֮
ĿҶȥıӰҶȴ֪Ҷѷ˾˵ɱ䣬ȷʵѾһˡ
ƱҶֱ뿪˰׵丮˰׵۳̰̣˽ǧӣ˾ŷƽĲϣһԼһűƤߡ
Ҷ֮ƤߣǺ±¶ɻԴУԱʱ֮衣
룬ΪҽУһ뷨롣
մмжĽܣϻʩչ̼ͨѨλﵽϴ˵Ч
֮Ҷֻһӣڰ׵۳ǶסһûΧԺʱסĵط
ƽĲ̫ˣѪҺÿһСƿȻֵһǧӣⲻǮ
ҶѸʰһ²ҳķ䣬һ޴İ˵صϣžƿѪҺ겻ѡ
ĲϷֳɾŷݣҶ粢ûäĿƽϥڴϣԺһƽĹ̡
ϾŷݲϣÿһݵļֵǧӣһȫʧܣѪ޹顣
ԼСʱҶоʱ죬ʼһ


7 

Ҷһ˫һӡսĹ·ڵĻơ
˵ͼĹɡ
Ҷ羳̫ͣڻ̫ʱʮֵĳҪɻ㹻죬ָٶԶʤһľʵ޷֧Ƶġ
ԼСʱڻֽУγһϸģ롣
ֻǵһҪýӵпµĹ뽫ѪɳƷɰȲУǿ
Ѫơ
ҶĿָһĵĻͷŻע뵽ѪУķһ㽫ѪڽС
˫ӡԽԽ죬ѪҺ·һ㣬ٵڰۣӿķɽС
СںѪ̺ȴ˾̾ҶɣɹɱһĻʦ
ԼʮӹҶоѪȶˣʼϡ
̣ҲؼһڣвṦһ
Ҷ£ںϵıȽ˳أĵЩģһ˿
ϸ΢겨ֱӵںʧܣ˷ɻҡ
ʧˡ
ŻΪҽĻֽҶε̾ϢһǧӾôˮƯˣƽʱԼһ궼ôǮ
ʵ̫Ǯˣһ˸ܲ𡣡Ҷҡҡͷ۵
һʧܵľҶܽʧܾ飬ѰԼʱĲ⡣
Ϊ޷ʱҪɹ뾡ʧ󣬽ԼҪĻģгɹϣ
ԼһСʱҶָ״̬Ҳѣʱ죬ʼڶƽ
ȻҶܽʧܵľ飬ʱ̣ȻΪ֧һСƫںʱʧ󣬹һ
ʧˣǧûˡŻɻҽĽƣҶᡣ
ءʧܡ
ʧܡ
ʧˣ
Ҷһܽᾭ飬һƽʵ̫ˣһ˴ζʧˣƽĲϼľ
˰˴ʧܾ飬ҶƵַ࣬ٶҲࡣ
ʮӣ۳ƣڻֽУʼѪҺɳȲڽУںϹУصҶٴθеѣθУ½һ˿ңЩһ
鼱֮£ҶݺݵҧһͷŬԼָѣϧ۵Ŀƻȶҵơ
գʧˡ
ȶ󣬶ͷðſźҶ糤һµ
ʧܣʧ͸ˣûз̵Ļᡣ
ֹ˴ԼӣҶľʱͻȻһڻֽӳڳˡ
ɹڳɹˡ
ƯǰĽĹȣѣεҶ³һ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ŽеŬõ˻رҸǿƽҶĿƸǿҲӵ
֪ӣӦÿ԰ɡ
ҶСҶҳ֪һƷʵʮӣʦֵֵ֮ߡ
ҶõУԶԶϽУţԼƵۼֵƷʣЩԱġ
ΪûǳѧߣλĺֻܵͣԵõϿɣԼĳɱ۸
ϣ׵۳ʶ֮ˣȻҪ뵽֮ˡҶ
峿һƬõɫϼƤߵҶ̤͵ĳ⣬߽¥ߣ״ſֻʯʨӵİ̡
λӣ֪Ҫʲô
ȻҶ紩ʮأȽϳ˰˰ͷ̷ܺãһͿױɫźۣ齿յ쳣˵ŮӣҡҷԸе˹öʵ
һ֪𣿡
Ҷ翴һĸĶ˵Ůӣżɽ˵

Ůüͷһ£һ۴ſɳۣİҶ磬о磬ʵ֪εõģλʦ֣֮
ĳˡҲ棬֪Ը𣿡Ҷҡҡͷʵ
ţӣãȥǰ̵ʦղգŮԥǴ˰̺á


8 ƭ
һṦһɫۣͷףһ˿۾ؿϱһػµ߽˺ãһ̫ʦϣޱҶ磬ʵҪ
ţһҪһļֵгۡҶ˵ͷ˵˳ݸߡ
ӹҶĽüͷ΢΢һ£Ϊ֣ķֽͼĻֽÿŷֽļ۸񣬳һӡ
˵ֽӰƷʺʦεǾֵͼķֽǵݡ
Ҷûκεı־ȻǳԴʦ֣̺֮֮ļȥ
Լӹ˼̧ͷһҶ磬˵ȷʵһ֪εõġ
˼ˡұܡ
ҶǸ˵򲻵ѣױ¶Լϵܣɱ֮
ϷҲֻܲ͸һ޷׼ȷȷļֵ޷˵Ұֻܰӵ۸չȻоҶ۵Ľ̺ʮȴðջǮչ
֪ӵļ۸Ƕ٣Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ǧӡָ˵
ǧӡ
߿ļ۸ҶʱеΪ߿ļ۸ǡǡǽĳɱۣδƽ߶ȵġ
ûбİ취ļֵ𣿡Ҷ׷ʵ
һ취ǾǵʵҪԼ˵
õģ֪ˣˡҶû뿪ˡ
뿪˰̣Ҷ粢ģȥ
Щ̣ҪôûʦҪôαжֱӽ˳ȥһδγ˱Ÿ
ѵ׵۳Ƕûʶ֮ˡҶ类˴кʱε̾Ϣһ
ȥʶ֮أҶ翴ǰããȺЩйüͷ
޷һŬ׷ѣûǮԴ
ûԴӵԴУٶҲܵӰ졣
ţ͸ʾ
ҶĿߵʱֲⷢ˾ۼһɫԺǽʲô
߽һǽһŻɫʾ
׵۳ʮѰҽΪزĸװɽβ
ʾݣҶ۾ʱû취Ǯˡ
ʮӣҾܸıڵľʱνˡҶȥúоһҽе׿ϴҽΰٲ룬һȥβˡ
ҹȺǵ㣬ؼһƬ
룡
Ҷָʮϸţë룬һƻע뵽֮УһַָᲨ̻ǳǳʮ룬ȺԼ첲Ѩλϡ
ʱҶֱð˴Ị̇Ƚӵ˲䴫첲һĸо
ţҶٴʮ룬ַٴԼֱϡ
Σƫ첲ˣһѪ˳첲˳
һû뾫衣ҶεԼ첲ϵ룬۾ܽһ¾飬ϰ
ϰһϣӵԵҶ뾫裬׼ȷҲﵽ˾ųϡ
ĿǰǷȱľֻоˡ
һ磬Ҷ´ƤߣոչСҩ䣬ųص⣬ǰ˳
öҽʦ
Ҷʱƽʱյĸųţʮ׷ԲԵҽʦۼڳǰԺʲô
ǽüͷȻǶ԰ɽĲ޲ߡ
ǵı뵽۵ףҶûܵһ˿Ӱ죬̤ʯݣȥ
ǳ˵Ȳý룿Ҷߵʱһɫۣͷף۽ǲƵߴӸ˳סľ
ǿʾǰүβġҶ˻ɤӵ
β
ҶĿģ׹ܼһ£Ŀ⾯ش۾֮ɫ
ȻҶϴƤߣ۵Ϣټϵ·̫ۣð׹ܼһǲһƭӡ
УжԶҹԶҶĹȡ
׹ܼҶʱһͦΣòӢӴӸ߳ؿŴ·СҩҶ磬̬ȶӵ
ô
Ҷһϳڰ׵ѧԺͬѧ׵۳ǺҶү
ҿߣϣǲҪڣΪΨһܾȰүӵˡ
Ҷ翴üͷ΢΢һ壬ͳ˵
ȵȡ
Ҷ׼ת뿪ʱһĸʸŵľɫŮͻȻӸ׷˳ס


9 㻹ҿ
ƯĹ
׷Ůӣۺɫɴȹ͹µĹյ쾡£ºɫСѥӣڳȹеԵ޳
ҶСŮòϣǰŮӣʻǳ࣬ԼŮУҲֻϽʳǵһŮѩܺᲢۡ
뵽Լ׵ļѩ뵽˵츳ҶԳЦЦ
ϣˣԾһƭӣǧ˵
գոյĻаվүү
ʵϣҲҶӵг뻯ҽֻҪһϣ׷˳
ճûаգһ𣿡Ҷ˵һա
ģаա
ȻҶ̬ȲãϣŲ⣬ʵ
֮˼ΪЩ죬׼˺ܶҽʦлʳҽˣɽƺܹŹֻ֣شҽ޲ߡ
û˰ۣӦɰաɰաҶƳһվڰϣ˵
㡭
ҶĻĲѪһŭȼޱȡ
û̫ү飬͸ҿºڣǲ̫ˡ׹ܼɵʵ
ҶҽȻʳҽԽĸоҶƭӣҪ콫ߡ
ΪҶԼҽġҶ絭˵Уһ£ǲһͻеͷۣĿڷƣ
ô֪ģ׹ܼüͷһƣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
ؿۣ£ûиκҶûϣֻƾжϳĲ飬֮
ü˲Ȼңʣµġͷֻۣǳڽ׶Σ㲻Ƴ裬ܱܿɷˡ
ȻҶûҽǿںеҽУ͵ڽһҽʦļֱӶҽеľ飬һۿ׹ܼ
Ǵʦ֪أ
Ҷһﶴ׹ܼЩҽˣ任ͳƺĵʵ
㻹ҿ𣿡Ҷ絭ʵ
˼ʦո۲ʶ̩ɽʦҪ⡣׹ܼҵͷʮֺڵҶ硣
Ǹ̫үβҪǸβҪأҶ̬ʮַУʵ
ȻǸ̫үβҪʦ롣
׹ܼҲڵҶ磬ףʮĽӭ̨ͤ¥ռĳ
ˣΪʲôǣҲ׼ҵ𣿡Ҷ緢ֻӽظԼ֪ʵ˵
˼ʦ㲻Ҫ뿪
Ҷո¶֣ϣŶıŲɣתסɫѿ˵үүĲͲˣȥɡ
ϣţһƭӡ߳ŭ˵ô׼ң޴档
Ұ׼ңңٳԲѷҽϳȥϣſੲݣ½Ҷߣؾ
ȻȻȷҶǷԼүүҶߣϣҲˡ
úúãߣϣ㲻Ҫڡ
˵꣬ݺݵصҶһۣҧ뿪ˡ
ʦֻҪҽκүүҰ׼һлġϣſҶޱף˵źû
߰ɣȥүүҶ絭˵Űϣţ֮У˰׵۳ɽԼ׷Բԣڰ׵۳Ǽҽ
ϣţλǣ
ɫƳۣ͸ŭ֮üһ˿ǵİ׽ˮİ͸֮ϹҩҶ磬ʵ
ףλүүβĳʦϣſڽܵ
ʦ׽ˮüͷһ£һӦ׹ܼһҶǲһƭӡ
ϾҶ˵ĸо̫ᣬӵи߳ҽҽʦ
ǿ͸ʾǰ̫үβġ
Ҷ罫ɵ뵽۵ף˵
⡭
׽ˮĿͶҽʦѯǵ
غ׵׽ˮðա
Сӣүǧ֮λ˰үӣﲻ𡣡һ׷ҽʦѵ
ҼȻˣȻһգͿ׳ԸԸˡҶ粻˵
мɰգɽԥһʵ
ӦɰաҶ絭˵
ɣ׷ҽʦ໥һۣЦ˵˵Ҳͷ
ҪȥʱͻȻǰ˹һĻǵɴ˫ۣͣ۾ͬ˹


10 ҽ
ݣ
һ˸·ӵһ㣬Ҷָɵĵ䣬һĹ켣š
þĿַ
ǰһĻ׷ҽʦȫסˣǳҽʮ裬Ҳ޷Ƶ˳뻯
ţ˾š
Ҷ¶һ֣׷ҽʦҶθߵȼǵĸ߶ȣϵ֮ɫʧ
¸ʦѧһ׹뷨׳£ȥԣ׳ţ뿪ҶɨһĿɿڴ׷ҽʦһʦ˵
˼ΪոյĵǸ׽ˮҽʦı뵽۵ףжϳҶȷʵʵѧվǸ˵롭
Ҷ˵ͷŰ׽ˮϣŸŮˣ˺ԺһľС¥һźϣ˿İɽ
ӰɽϿһֻѾ̤˻ȪţʱжĿܡ
ҶΪʱ·һ¯ޱȣȫľȵյļΪ
ǲƴֵİ׼麮񴲣ѹưɽ䱬˵ɽˡ
ʦ֪Ҹ׻о𣿡׽ˮҶŵʵ
ûиоĻӦжˡҶԺеҽУ˵
жⲻܰɣҸ׵Ӧ߻ħµİɡ׽ˮüͷ˵ٴζҶҽ˻ɡ
׳û߻ħɵȻأҩҽ˵׳Ϊ˸ˣʳҽˣȻ޷Ĳ顣
Ҷ翴׽ˮ۾֮ɫ˵
ҽΪҸϸһ壬δҵ׽ˮͷ
ΪеĶҽδ裬ûпĻ𷢲ǰӦóԹһŻҶ䣬õ
ʦ˵ûҸǰȷʵԹһŻ棬ǿŻҰ׼ڻʳģӦûд⡣
׽ˮ˵˶ҶĻɣвһ˿ϣ
׳ʱӦµĻɣУʱӦò̷ֹ˻棬ӦûһҶƶϵ
ԣ漫Ϊϡ٣Ҹ˻ԣ̵˶У»󣬼Ҹһƿˮͷŵˡ׽ɽ˵ͷҶҽŲˡ
Ͷˣûȴ̺𶾣ټûʱ˻ˮеĻ޷͸ëų⣬ʴУһ˲顣
ǳʦҸ׻о𣿡׽ˮȫһ֮ļӣϿҵʵ
һᾡȫҽεġҶ˵վһԣβʱôңԸ
Ȼ缫̣ҽҶյǻ𶾵Ŀǡ
ллʦҸͰˣֻҪҽκüҸҰ׼һл㡣׽ˮм˵İϣţվһԵȴ
ҶɽԣͷŻ·¶һ߹Ǽܵӡ
Űɽݵӣϣ۾úʮԼүү

Ҷһҩȡһ룬ַͷŻע뵽ÿ⣬ָһһ۾׼˰ɽѨλϡ
Ҷˮַ׽ˮŮ˵ɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ȫҶҽ۷
һ˸ڰɽһ˴Ѩλʱ̺Ļ̼ѨλһɹĺڵĻ𶾡
оˣоˡ
ҶʩУ׽ˮһֱͷŻ۲죬һɹ͸ɽſëףųʱɵü
Ҷʩչʮ˳أҶȱݱ¶ԽԽ
Ϊ׼͵ʮӣҶҧؿļţϵһ˸עγһɹɾɢ𶾡
ԼһСʱ󣬰ɽµĺ񴲱𶾸ʴ˴룬ڻ𶾻ɾ
ˣ̫үڻ𶾻ɾˡ
弸Ҷεһ˸룬˲ͷðĺˮ˵
ôˡ׽ˮüͷһƣŵʵ
ʳҽ޷Ļ𶾣ҶֻһСʱɾˣð׽ˮе˲˼顣
ѣ׳ţҽʦһ壬֪û˵ˡƣҶŴͷ˵
ã볿ʦȵƫϢƬ̡
׽ˮðϣŷҶȥϢȥҽʦΪɽ塣


11 ҹɱʱ
ʦ㻹ðɡ
ΪҶ̫ϣŲʱӴǶ΢΢ЩΡ
ϣв޷УʶҶҽһ߰İϣűȫԵ
û£Լߡ
Ҷ缷һ˿ЦݣѿϣŵĲ˲෿ϢָĵĻ
ͬʱ¸صҽʦ˰ɽ䣬Ϊơ
ϸļһɽʱ𾪵ķ֣ɽ޴󰭣Ծ˵ٶ޸š
λôҸΣ
˼͵ף׽ˮ΢΢Щŵʵ
죬ҵҽͳʦȣ֮𣬿Цһʼð˴ʦһ׷ԲԣһƳ׵ҽʦһס𾪣˵
ô˵Ҹûˡ׽ˮʵ
ɽǰ׼ҵǰ׵۳ǵһ֣£׼Ҵʹ˵Ҷ˴ҽ˰׼ҡ
ţ̫үûˣϾͻҽʦߵ˵ͷ˵
̫ˣ̫ˣүүںˡ
һԵİϣżӯ˳۽Ⱦʪס
׳֪ʦģɷͨһ˵ҪݼǸҽʦ߽̬ŵļͣ
ãһὫġ׽ɽ˵ͷ˵
ĺɫĺϣһĨбŵƽߡ
Ҷأֱʱ֣Żָ˲ĵĻڵϢ
ʱûر뿪ˡ
Ϊ¶룬ʵ޵Ҷ粻ڳයⷢ⡣
򿪽յʱһֱȴİϣվ΢Цӭȥ˵ʦˡ
Ӧÿȷϣ̫ү޴˰ɡҶ翴˵İϣţʵ
ţʦҰ׼ҵĶ飬Ұ׼ûϣŵ˵ͷм˵
ҳ־ֻΪ꣬ѾҽãǱǲǿԸˡ
׼ãʦ
˵ţĸİϣţ޳Բ˫ȣҶ˰׼˷⡣
ʦΪ˸лҰ׼ҵĶ飬Ұ׼ҾʮƱǶʮƱ㡣ϣŽһƱݵҶС
л
Ҷûϣſʹ˶ʮƱ
ʦһ죬Ӧö˰ɣѱãȥԵ㶫ɡϣ
ˡҶҡҡͷ˵ˣһ£ˣԵټɡ
˵꣬Ҷ粻˰ϣŵѸ뿪˳
Ҷ뿪׼һȫĵطָʱ֪ͻȻ˸Լ
߻رȻŸ߷աҶ۾͸һ˿ɫ૵һ߸ңδ̫Ʋˡ
ȻҶ粻ߣһɱ䣬Ǵﵽһǧ֮ɱԼĶߡ
оԼĶԽԽҶԼӿ˽ŲɻϢʧһƧС
أôͻȻˡ
׷Ҷ뵽ʱͻȻҶϢʧˣһæӿ˽ŲĴѰҡ
ѰвʱҶһֻȻϢĹȣͻȻںڰг˳
ȫƤһ£̲еǧ̵֮ĳˮӿȭ֮Уӿߺ˶ߡ
ͻȻ⵽͵Ϯ߱ܵķӦѸں޵з
Ҷȭͷбŷǧ֮شߣҪ˵ˡ
ֻꡱһ⵽͵ϮĶؿȥڰлһĻߣصˤУѪɥʧս
ң˭ҵġ
ҶӺڰ߳ſѪһϢĶߣݿܵʵ
ɱңҳӣܡӲ˵
ʵ㲻˵Ҳµ˭ҵġҶ絭˵˵Ұɱˣ᲻ᱩס
Ҷһݣ߱΢΢һȻ˲ָ糣ȻҶ۾׽ˡ
ǲǺܾȣΪʲôܲ³ӡҶ΢΢һЦʵⲻѲ£׼ȻҲж̫үδǰ׼ҾҶ֡
죬˳ͻ׼ҵرԸһ뷽跨ң˵ҲµöԲԡҶ˹ķһ߽ļߵġ
Ҹʵ飬ܷ𣿡
Ǹܡ
Ҷ粻һ˿˵ͻȻƣԴϡ
һ̣Ҷתɻһǿγɣӿ˶ߵԺУӲˡ
þĻ
˶ߵޣҶ粻˲䲹ĵĻĻ
ϣ㲻ҪңһڵġҶŤ˶߲ӣһʧںҹС


12 ģӰ
峿һ͵⴩͸ӳڵķ䡣
ڷԽԽǿʱԲѵİɽüëһ£ţյ˫ˡ
үүˣˡ
ػһԵİϣţ˯ʮİɽڻҲƲס۾еˮ˴ߣغš
ϣţʲô˾ҡ
ſ޳˵İϣţɽָʶʵ
үүǳʦȵ㡣ϣŲһ۽ǵˮ˵
ʦʳҽճ𣿡ɽɻʵ
ܽԼӹŹؾȻˣʮʮа˾ǻʳҽ
ףĲǻʳҽһЩİˡ׽ˮӻ
ʲôˣͣɽüͷһƣˡ
λʦҲͶʮͣҽҼߵģֻһСʱͽӹŹؾ˻ΪҶƤߣ׽ˮҲֻģ²⣬˵ԼҲЩ
ʮͣӵгԽҽҽѵ翵šɽѩ׵üëһ£
ǳԽ׻ȨĴڣ½Щ߸ϵţһҵʢ˥
ţ԰Ҳֻŵţֳ뻯ҽ׽ˮ۾һ͵
ˮλҽڻڸ𣿡ɽڰϣŲʵ
ҹõ뿪ˣûס׽ˮЩź˵ҽһԵ
Ҷţֵð׼Ҳϧ۽ύ
ܽµԵҲǺõġɽ˵ͷ˵ˮϣţûµʱȥתתλҽһ
ã׽ˮŮ˵˵ͷ
ڰ׼ҸŮϣѰҶʱ˴ӵҲѰ䡣
ֻ׼ҸŮѰҶΪ˱Ϊ˱
ɽ̶֣Ӱ
ڶһ磬ָҶ绨˽ʮӣʮƷ꾧뵽˰ɽޡ
ɽһƬľ̶ԣҶöɫƷ꾧תɻ
Ҳ֪ȥãͻȻʯҶöƷ꾧ʧȥ˹ʣɷĩ˳ָڵϡ
һ۷壬һɡ仯Ҷ¶˵ЦݣóƷ꾧תɻ
һĻĳˮӿҶУеѪɵ
ѪɵĻԽԽ࣬ѪһѺۣѺԽӵʱһǿĻѪ֮ӿһٳƿͻƵ˶߾硣
ͻƵһ˲䣬Ҷ˽յ˫ۣһ˳
ͻƵ߾磬ҶĻֹǴﵽһǧٽ֮
˿ͻƵ߾磬ȫɻĹͣɻǿ
֮ߵƷ꾧ͺˡ
ʵƷ꾧ĻԽԽ࣬ҶҪڶʱʵ취׬ǮȡƷ꾧ֱɵ˵ޡ
ȫ̾ʱͻȻһֵŮӼڼžɽ𣬾ŵ
Ϥ˭أ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬һɽֶԥǸ˹ȥ
СˣȰ㲻Ҫνûܾ㣬ǺƺҲûá
һɫۣеģ۽һ԰̺۵ӣһɺ촽˷ܵ˵
ǰվһɫ£òĶˣǹһѪյŮӡ
ҶڴˣһϳŮӲǱˣϵͬİ·ǼҴСǾ𰡣
㣬㲻Ҫ˺ңұ֤ǼҲŹġ˲Ǿ𰣬һߺˣһ߾ֵľ
ʱʮֺڣӦöһ˽ɽԼðʧľٶҲɻԼվ
Сˣú£һġǾƯģԽӵ˷ܡ
ޣ񡣡
Σʱ̣˵ǾûԴУҧһݣлŷոձӻɢĻ޽ٻ˳һ
ǾֻǶߣļߣ۵޽޷Ժӹв
źӽ޺ڽںɫУһ׹⸡ֳųĹ
أһ
һֱӽǾ޽ˣǿķ֮ӿǾԺУ꣬Ѫ˳߿˳
⵽ɣصǾ쳣˫һ̱ڵϡ
ʱǾĺˣԼˣ̵᲻ܿƵʳȾʪĵס
ôˣӿžǾ𰣬Ƿһ˿Цݣߵǰӻͳһֽ˵СˣԹԽȥȻһúġ
˵ţӲǾķӲֽеİɫĩС
㣬㲻к³ġǾµӸιµʲôҩĴ
СˣҩЧáǾû֣ͣԽӵ˷ܡ
ԽԽĺӣǾ¶ңı顣
ҪҧԾʱ֮䷢֣һģӰӹĳں󣬲Ųƴһȭ


13 Ǿж
ã
оΣգҪǾĺĿһ£͵³һʮֹƣܿҶƴһȭ
Ȼܿ湥ҶǿȭȴѪѡ
㣬˭
һסӿѪЩ˼ɵؿ֮Ҷ磬ɫ˵
Ǿ𰣬ؼʱ·һֵҶ磬ҵ۾͸˵ɡ
Ҷʱһ˿Ϥĸо·ʶ
ɱˡ
ȻҶǾûкøУҲǾ̤𿻡ɱȻ˵
ƾ㡣
󣬺ӷҶĻǿԶԶԼһ޺ڽ壬Ļ趯źɫҶԴ
ֳֺɫҶ粻ܣӶȭͷӭĹӰ
һĻ¶һ˿Цݣȭͷҵĺ߹Ҫǲĸ첲Ҹա
Ǿиոϣֱˣֵȫһɱûʲô
꣡
Ҷһǧٽ֮ȭͷĺ߹ײһ𣬽ţһ
ֻѵĲҶȭͷǺУ۰Ƶĺ߹
ϵЦ˲̣һǿķ֮͸УǿѣЩղסеĺ߹
һ̣Ҷҽ͵̤һһ
ҵķɼ˺ӵ壬ڶӦҶǧ֮ļƿ޷صضؿϡ
ۣ
ӵؿݣͷһѪܿƵӱҶһײ˳ȥڰлһĻߣݺݵڵϡ
⵽شӺˣ޵ǿѹƣתԾĹľС
һӣҶ׷ϣԾľԵһ˲䣬ڹľе޺ͻȻ֣ſѪڣҧҶĲӡ
ͻȻ⵽޺͵ϮҶ粢ţȫƤٵһ£һǧٽ֮˲ע˫ȭУһȭ޺ҷڵء
Ҫɱң
޺⵽شܵɣѪˣסĵ
ӵģҶ粻ΪٵתɻһѪɫгģصĺϣɺ̺Ļ޺ܾͱҶתɻˡ
ۣ
ޱɣ⵽شһѪ˫һڣ
þĻֱ޵ЧƷ꾧ǿˡ
޺ܣҶоһɹɾĻ˳ݺύľӿѪС
ʵʹﵽ˶۷壬ͻƵ߾һ֮ң
ʵҶĺǰûκεԥһŲȶĲӣ˽һ
ɱ˺ӣҶ罫ϵĲϴһգõǧƱƷ꾧ԼһѪɫͨĵҩ
һ𵤣˾Ȼһһ𵤡
ҶڰҪǱһ𵤣ΪһƷҩʮϡȱǮҲ򵽣ò
һһ𵤰ǰ¶֮ϲ
һ𵤣ԼƷ꾧ĽڶСɾ硣
˺ӵҶ۷˻ǾжˣеĻǴʱҩЧѾǾȲѡ
Ҷֻʮ꣬ûо飬Ǿ𰷺źεƤ޵Ҷڸһĸоӿͷ
ʱжԽԽǾ𰿴ǰҶ磬˹§ס塣
ǾٶҶ˼֣Ѹٽ۾Ǿߣҧһ⣬ʹ̼£ѹסĵĻ棬һƻǾ𰲱ϣˡ
ãңϱˣҪִݻˡҶһеڻе˳Ѹʩչ룬Ǿ⻬ϣΪ
ԼʮӣǾڶؽƳ⣬üͷչҲþȡ
Ҷ翴һԼУ˵Ǿ𰣬ûκεѵ·ڸסӣһȫɽٺúûκεת뿪ˡ


14 ٴͻ
š
Ҷո뿪ãһǾڻˡ
۾һɲǣʱɫɷףһţ᲻ܿƵ˳۽
··˭ģѵû⵽ַ
ǾеıʹʱԼϸһ·Լûκαַĺۼ
ҡ
ʱǾͻȻҶ·֣ͻϮӵһĻĲһ˿ϣ塣
ллأûбǸַľҡ
ȷԼӻ׵ģǾ˼ᣬʮָмԼħצоȳҶ硣
ҵǸ˵˭أΪʲôôİȴһʶĸоʶ
ѵ
ţҶӰĳǾԺţʹҡҡͷԳ˵ֻһû޵ķôҡ

Ǿ𰣬Ҷû뿪ɽ˰ɽҵһƫƧ̶
طһ𵤰ɡ
Ҷ罫ӽڱ̹ǵ̶ˮУȡװһ𵤵ĴƿοӣͨѪ죬ʮһ𵤡
һ̺ҶһһϢһ̵ֱ˶С
Լһʱ䣬Ҷоθ￪ʼȣһɹȵθͷ˳͸Լ弡֮С
ʱҶоԼͬ˻֮Уȵ˲䴫ȫһһĸо޴ʹȫļ
Ҫ̶ˮ˲һҩҶܲסʹࡣ
۷׹뵽͹ȣҶĺͲľ񣬵һҩĹ̫ʹ࣬۵
޷ܵʹҶֻܽҧأļ֣һתһҩУϸɱ䡣
أںڵѪҺ˳ſë͸ȫϸԽԽ
ҶӿԽԽ̹࣬ǵ̶ˮԽԽȣˮ̶γɣ绺
֣ʹʲôһԳɹ
Ҷһ̶ȼӿתٶȣϸһҩںϡ
һСʱСʱ
ҶСʱ񼴽ﵽԵʱͻȻϸʼѣںڷѪų塣
ɱ䣬̥ǡ
о仯Ҷһʹһɱ䡣
ڣһһҩڽҶ֮ʱȫϸ࣬Ҳųࡣ
ʱҶȻʮȴоޱȵĳ죬ɱֱɾ磬вСĲࡣ
ڶ⾳Ȼôɡ仯Ҷ
ʧֻҪ㹻Դ󾳽磬¡
Ҷϴһų뿪ˮ̶һʮ׸ߣ˺ϱΧĹľ£
ȣ
Ҷ籩һȫһǿעȭ֮Уγ˲ȭ磬ʮ׸ߵĹľϡ
ֻꡱһľܲסҶȭͷбѺڴ׳ɱӡ
Ѻӵʱߴʮ׵Ĺľ۶ˣïʢصڵϣʮСõҵĲ
ǧٽ֮ڵ֪ɷԿһʦ
ܵɱǵҶ¶Цݣƾѹߣаһʦ
ͻƵʦ֮ͿµĻ꼼Ҫ뵥ƾܻʦѡ
Ǳʱ޷Ҷų߾磬һʵ
ɱ䣬ɻҶ˵һЩ
ȫתɻ£һſƷ꾧̺ĻܿҶУеѪɵ
һƷ꾧ʧȥһŷĩʱһɼѺ۳Ѫ档
ţһǿĻѪӿڽҶУƶڻڽܿ˾ƿﵽ߾硣
һʱ䣬ҶʹӶͻƵߣٶϽ޷
лǺεȵҪ
ʱȥˡ
Ҷһ̶վһ壬̤Żƻ뿪˰ɽ
Ҷ緵ذ׵۳ǵ;Уһ벻Ҳ˰׵۳ǡ


15 
ҹɪɪ
Ҷϰ̤źҹصԼסԺʱϡһͤͤӰվԺ⣬һͣ˽Ų
ôô׵۳ˣ
ȻδҶ翴ŮĵһۣϳԼףϽʳǵһŮѩ
Ҷ粻Լѩһ˿룬ѩĵһۣһ־޵ĸо
پ£ںƮݵĳڼϣ߰͹£ʸųڣһ˫ԵĴ۾ֻһۣͻ鲻Խͣ棬԰Ρ
Ҷ㶵ؿżѩѩҲڴ
㣬󺣰䣬Ϊڴ壬ûһ˿׸⣬ͦεϻһ˿š
ȻѩоҶЩˣϰüѩ΢΢ЩüͷУСϸڣҶһ˿øɢ
ԥҶ绺˹ȥʵôˡ
е¡ѩӦ
˻İɡ
Ҷ紧һ¼ѩԼĿģżɽʵ
ôҶϾϵ𣿡ѩһĿƵؿ˵
ѵ㲻𣿡Ҷ¶Цݣʵ
˵룬𣿡ѩ˵˻飬ͲԼˡ
ǡҶüͷ΢΢һ壬벻ѩͻȻõĿġ
ô׼ҽȥ𣿡
ѩƽؿҶ磬ҶıˣڿƣҶԼҲ΢΢Щ
ڣҶ翴ԼƽЩ¡
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˵ţҶƿ˵صɫԺţżѩ߽ҵԺС
ҶסĻѩüͷһ£Ϊҵ飬ֵط
뵽ԼպҪҲĵطҶסһʱ䣬ѩᶨԶҡˡ
뵽ͱ˵Ľң뵽뽪ɽˮе³뵽翵֮ѩҡּᶨ
ˮ𣿡
Ҷȡһ·ϣ˼ªݣվУһļѩʵ
ллҲʡ
ѩҡҡͷһ㶯ˡ
˵ɣǧңΪ£ܲҵİɡҶһĥص̫ʦϣżѩʵ
Ĳһˡ
ѩԺðһͷ뵽Ҷٱ䣬Ҳ޷ıû޵ʵܿԺе
ҡס
ѩԥһ£ҧź촽˵ԼʵĿġ
סҶüͷһݵ¶һ˿ֱؿżѩף˵ҪתĨˣ츳͵λĸԸҶҸϳŵķ׵ģǲ鷳ơ
ҡ
ѩû뵽Ҷ˼ά˵ĵֱԼеļƻЩ
˵ʵĿİɣҪͿˡ
Ҷ粻һ˿˵ȻüѩЩ顣
ȷʵ鷳ѩһԼһһʮĸҶ硣
ɽˮ׷㣬Ϊʲô뵽ƣýһĸԸ޸һ𣿡ҶԳЦЦ˵
ΪǴСףϽʳǶ֪顣
Ҳ಻ţֻҪǳ׳ΪʵԽɽˮ߰ԸмܷңүүҲΪҳͷ
ҪǣѾ߾磬ʮͻƵʦ磬үүͲˡ
ΪԼСһʼͱҶ綴ѩֻܸıԣκӣİ
ѩ֪ûµĺ
ȻõϴеҶȣڻ̫޷ԿϽһ彪ңвٲ
֪˵ܲƽҲΪ±㣬ȷʵûа취ҲⱲӻڽɽˮǸϣҡѩ˵
ʱҶܾϾϲѩɽˮ̣Ҷˡ
Ҷ磬㱣֤³֮һһǮԶ߸߷ɣʱҾҪ㶼ܡ
˼еҶ磬ѩҧź촽ŵ
Ǯǰ֧𣿡
ҶںҪǮڿ㹻ԴõĴУʵһǧʱ㽪ҪҲҪ
ԣҪǮ
ѩû뵽ԥҶ磬ΪǮı⣬¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
һƱҶ絭˵
ֻʮƱ㱣֤һ취һƱġѩڻͳһƱҶ˵
ɽҶӹѩƱһڴӦˡ
֪ΪʲôѩҶƱһɲǣĪһ·֮Ľףʧȥ˺ܱĶ


16 һҹ
ҹԽԽ͵ĵƹӳ׵۳ǣǳؾһ̱ðˣջͬʱżʷĵ̡
ʱˣϢɣȳȥˡ
һʵûʲô˵Ҷ翴һ۴ڵҹգҪ뿪ˡ
磬ȲҪߣһһСæѩæסҧһ촽΢˵
ʲôæҶüͷ΢΢һ壬䲻ȵʵ
ңüʯ¼һЩͬĻ档
ȻѩԼǮۿҶӡԽԽã˵ͬЩΡ
ԣ
Ҷ֪ѩҪЩʲô˵ͷʮʹشӦˡ
Ҷ磬ȵȽȻ˯¡ΪԼүүýɽˮģѩȥˣҧ˵ĺ촽
˵꣬΢ļѩԼİ߽ݻ·
һṦ򣬼ѩö𣺡Ҷ磬ɡ
߽ݣҶҰĵƹ⣬ؿѩɫ˯ȹڴ߿Լ
˯ȹκһ˳Ե罿յĸӨ͸ļԸжԳƵڵƹ²εջ
ȻҶѶ˶Լѩ룬òϣһ̵ļѩϢ
Ҷ磬鷳ˡ
Ҷֱ񣬼ѩоڣȫԿҶ磬
ģǮȻȫϡ
Ҷ罫Ӽѩ˵ߣߵ˴ߣѵϵ£¶ϰ΢΢Щнļѩ˴ͷ

ѩһסĵĽţó׼õļʯ˴βԼҶͬĻ档
ʯ򿪣˷·õһ㣬˱ӣЩӲľϡ
ӽһ𣬼ѩɢĵҶвһĸо鲻Խһ΢΢ƶһ¡
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һʱ䣬䰲ֻʣ¶˾ȵĺ
ҶѩЩӦҶƤѩ궯ķ·ҵ壬
Դӽɽˮƻ飬ѩͳ˾޴ѹӰ֮ģҶһзºѹͳͳ
أأ˷գߵˣһУĸо£Ҷ˯ˡ
оѩȳƵĺҶ֪˯ˣŤͷһǵףҡҡͷ·뿪ˡ
峿һ͵͸ӳڵķ䣬˯еļѩˡ
ңҾȻ˯ˡ
ѩ۾ʱ͵µ¶˲˼֮ɫ
޷ԼȻ޷һ֮˼˯ˣвһ˿¡
ûжʲôɡ
뵽ѩһæȡ´βļʯЩŵؿżĻ档
ԼҶ˯źҶûжԼκβΪ·뿪ˣһʵҶҶֶţһĲ㡣
ԼҶߣ¶Цݣѩ¶һ˿ɻ
޷⣬оȻҶԼġ

ȫˡ
ڲ˴ҹҶȫ߾磬ѪĻﵽ˹
̾磬Ҷ𴲣뿪˾סԺͽڰ׵۳Ƕİ׵ѧԺҶ黹Ǯ
ţҶ磬ڳˣüˡҶո߽׵ѧԺǡɱѧԺеĵп뵽ԼҶݺ⵽ֵ֮һĻ֮ɫ
Ҷ飬𣿡
ҶҶסСԺʵ
Ҷ磬ʲô
ҶҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ԥһ£Ǵ·ţĮؿҶ磬Ƶ˵
㲻ҪᣬǮġ
Ҷ翴ɴȹپµҶ飬ӻͳƱС
˵ˣǮҸģҪ㻹ƱҶüͷ΢΢һ£˵
ǮˣҲǷʲôǷҶҵġ
˵꣬Ҷûκεˮת뿪ˡ
ĿҶȥıӰƱҶ뵽˼УһָоҶһˡ


17 жĥ
Ҷ磬Ҫȥﰡ
Ҷ뿪׵ѧԺʱһĶС
ȴʱĵдҼҸֽҶΧ˰׵ѧԺ棬Ҫб
Сô˺ˣֳҫˡ
ϹŲЦݵĵУҶ¶˿˿Ц
Сϴ㵨ݺңҪĹȣƤҸա۾ȼܻ棬ҧгݵ˵
ҿûôӡҶ米˫֣
ģͷӲŸʲôһ֣ȸҴĹȣź˵ܻ
ҵȣ
ҶĮ۾ɨһļߣ΢̣һ˿Ц
һ̣ҶȫƤһǿɽһ緢ע뵽ȫ֮С
أ
Ӳĵ洫һ죬Ҷǿķ֮ͻȻ٣ȵӦһǰ
ֶȻָ̽ſצ״ץ˵еĺֲٶԼһ΢ƿ̼Ĥ
ҶָסϵЦ˲̣ɫҲɫü١
Сӣ
кҶ翨סӻعæںϱ˴˵ޣʵҪֽ
ô
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ţſҡ
ӱҶᵽ˰УкøѣͣһֻסӵĹѼС
ʱˣҶУһĨɱ⣬ĵ뵽˵͹ȣ־岻ѡ
Сӣ㲻ͷ˵үһϡ
ҼҸɫľҶһȣϵеĲӣǾɱҶ磬Ҳ
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18 Լе
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ݻУ̫Ӱ쵽Լ֮ġ


19 ϣŵĻ
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ҶӣҶµƱ˰˿Ʒ꾧һ𵤡
ʮӣֻʣ²ˣҪø࣬õԴҪ丮ŽʣƱҶε̾Ϣһ
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ϣ¶һ˵ЦݣҶ磬ѩɾֿˡ


20 ҹɱ
Ҷ磬ʮӣΪʲôһҪϣǰˣǲǹġ
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21 С˼
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¶һ˿Цд˼ѩ⣬ҶȻΪҪĹ
û뵽ǣҶѰңҪǸˡ
ѩ磬Ҵȥүү֪Ҫ˻ˡϣǣżѩỬС֣Ƕַ߽ǳ֮Уɺͼۣ̫ʦ˺ѵİɽ


22 ˹
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ѩʲôʱİ׵۳ǣΪʲôǰүүкǲǰүүˡɽ˵ļѩкߣЩֵ˵
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Ҷ磬ΪҲҶ㡣ŭҶ磬һǿɷ
ʵĿİɡҶ΢΢̣˵ҳȫ㡣
ɣ˹


23 ҵĻϲظڶ
ס֣үүʮٵӣҷҶ㲻
Ҷ磬֮ʣϣſȥˣվҶǰ
ѩɫҲȻϲҶ磬ţҶᵱɧɫԶԼŮӡ
ϣţҲӣʵС̫ɺˡ
û뵽ϣŻΪҶͷĸӵŭͳ˵
ųƷµġϣŭͦҶ硣
ҲųǱԩģϣ㲻Ҫǣһڵġѩؾ
Ҷ磬ͷڹ꣬飬ֻŮ˺ոյأ㻹ǲǸˡ
ϣţѩͦԼɫļγˮ
˵Ҷ磬ѩļƻˡ
ѩϣţǵĿңĿģǲưոݵģ°ɡƣҶ粻һ˿Ӱ죬˵
磬ߣĶ֡
ϣ֪ҶΪԭ޷ޣ޷һ鷲˵ʵսһߣŰûʲô
İɣзִ硣Ҷ¶һ˿ŵЦݣ˵Ǵô˴ȥ
Ҷ磬
ҶĶԼüͷ΢΢һ£Ҷ΢΢Щ仯
ô㲻ңҶЦһģԭոյأ㻹ǲǸˡ
Ҷ磬ҵҪ˭뿪Χһ̶ļЦҶȫŭˣһǿĻɢ
ޣڹںϡ
һ޺ڹںһ̶ʵǿѹȸУһȭҶ硣
ֻʧġ
Ҷ̤ǰһһװ²ҶӶԼӭȥ
ŻȭͷҶʱҶȫƤһ¡
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ǿ޷ٽһȭͷгĻֱһֿҪ۶ϵĸо
ô
üͷһƣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫҶιôôֲ
ʧ֮ʣҶһǰȭͷؿڡ
վǱѸٺһһٻһ߳ʮ˽ţ֯һӰҪҶˡ
һϵзʮһļ߶ѵֵ
Ҷѹߣķ
ֻءҶӰУѹȸеȭͷ߳ӰһѿסĽס
һ̣Ҷ͵ضҼ磬ȫƤٴһ£ǿ˲ѹڻֱӽӰصˤڵϡ
ڹ꣬
ڵϵһ˲䣬ҧݣٻ޺ڹ꣬߹Ҷ硣
磬Сġ
ҶΣգѩһл˲ŷ۳ޱҪæ
顣
ɻҶ֪Զˣ޺ڹ깥˲䣬˷Ӧ
ǧٽ֮˲עҶȭУһȭϮĺڹꡣ
ڹȻޣԶһޣļҲƿ
⵽Ҷǧٽ֮ȭͷڹӲ鲣һ㿪ʼѣգڹʹĺһֱӱˡ
Ӱ
ĿҶһȭ޺ڹһĻһðϣŻǣƵӰԺ
ȱͷٴθԺУһָоҶλʦ
ۡ
޺ڹ걻Ҷһȭ⵽ɣԴѪܱѪ
ǰһĻſϷͷĵ类һˮϣһ£ֱɵۡ
ݺҶŮӸŵĻʧɫ̻̲ҿҶ۾
ʤѷ֣ԴųȥˡҶ米˫֣Įؿأ߿Ѫݿܵ
Ҷ磬Ȱһأһڵġ
Ӱ׼һųȥɱܣȥˣΪ׵۳һЦ
ҵĻϲظڶ飬㲻ŹȥֻܰˡҶ۾гһߣһһľ˳
㡭
ҶɭȻͻȻһϢĸо˫ȲܿƵĲ
ס֣
ܲסҶѹȸУ֪֮ʣһŭıͻȻ
ĸףҼ棬Ҹŭĳˡ


24 ѩǿ
ô˵زء
Լİ߿Ѫڵϵģֻһɳŭֱţ۾˸޷Ƶŭ۽ǼҲǾҲš
ף磬һҪΪұ𣬽ǸСʬΡȱ֣صһԹ޵ؿҶ磬š
Ҷ磬ôĵӣĵܵܶҴҿǳıӵ
Ϊ׵丮һţʮָ߰۸ҵͷϡ
ôΪܵܳͷҶ˵
ȻǿʱͬգѾвҶ硣
ҵܵܣѵҲӦΪֻع𣿡ЦһһǿϢɢѹҶ硣
˼˵ӦŲӣܹܵңҶЦһͦεƳ˿ķ
£ڳ磬ǱŮԩƣڳĺܶ˶֤
Ȼ׼ϣȴֵܶ˷裬Ŀ˵ԸվΪҶ֤
ҵҪ˭վ֤
ɫ˵˸˲׹⣬ΧΧ۵ˡ
вûһ˸ҳ֤ŮӸŵѪɫһʱ䣬ǰĽš
֤ܾܵǾȡ
׵۳Ǹ度ıѩȴͷųƣվҶ˵
˭
ɣĽʶѩϸѩʱȰϣŻҪϼ֣۾бȵĹâ
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ȻǿǱޣѩδӵ˵
𣿵ҽ컹֪˭
˵ţлŷһڵУ˲۳һ׶೤ȫɫƬǰǿܼ׶ݣɢŴĿ׹㡣
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һ߾ޣɢ͵İ׹⣬۵ޣȴɢŴĿİ׹⣬ȻʵѾﵽ߼ޣٽһͻƵһʦˡ
Ҫùˡ
˭ǲ۾ңƽǾ㲻ҲѲƤʶʵΧ۵۷׷ףвΪҶϧ
˲ҶʱѩҲ۳Լޱһʱ䣬Χ¶ֱ½ò˸еŨŨĺ⡣
ţ㵽˭
û뵽ѩҲߣ޵ȼԼߣϽЦ˲ˡ
˵ˣ㻹֪˭ѩЦһ°˵
Ҷ翴ѩΪԼͦ΢΢ЩжĿתһЩ
Ҳ˭Ͼǰ׵۳ǣǲһҾưոݡŭżѩҶ磬ɫв
ߣôĿҪҼΪУʱ㣬ֻǺǿ³е𡣡ѩһԼݱ
ңǻʳǼҵˡ
֪ѩݣɫ䣬û뵽ѩô۾͸ع˼֮ɫ
壬ѩϾүүʮٵӣǸҰ׼һӣ¾ʹ˽ҹɣҪȥˡ
ɫ粻Ӧ֮ʱϣſʼе⡣
ãҸӣ¾ˣߡ
Ȼǰ׵۳Ǻţ뼧ȣʵԶ֮£ɲò
ɫת뿪ʱҶ۾в׽һĨɭȻɱ⡣
Ȼ˼ɼѩݣȴ޾Ҷ磬ɱġ
ҶԴ˲⣬ڰɱ֣ޣ
˼磬ѩû뵽ᷢ¡
뿪󣬰ϣһǸ˵ƯĴ۾ϵشҶ磬Ҫ˿
ⲻ㣬Ҫ־͹̫šҶ΢΢һЦ˵ûΪոյ飬Ӱ쵽Լ顣
磬û뵽ͦѩ΢ЦſҶ磬ոյı飬ǿҵĺġ
û޵£ҶΪοԱ˿µƳ档
Ϊҷ˲죬Ҷ뼧ѩûڰ׼Ҿô뿪ˡ
ڰɽĵ죬ѩҶ˽ϢϽʳըˡ
֪һϢϽһ彪ҲȻŭҵĹϵʼ񻯣ҵɱǰ˰׵۳ǣɱҶ硣
ԴˣҶ粢֪ʱٴν뵽ɽ׼һ𵤣ڶؾ硣


25 Σ
¶ףնɫɴմء
֪һ𵤣Խʲô̶ȡҶڰɽһƧĺ̶Уӻһһ𵤣ûϡ̷ֱͣ˶С
һһ뵽ҶУͷųȵĸ£壬Ѿй̷һ𵤵ľ˲ʹлɫȻòҰס
ҶһǿڴʹУʼһͷŵҩڽϸУɱ塣
Ȼһ𵤴ЧԣȴʹѣҶھȵյǧٿף˵ʹĥʹ
һͷʶҰ׵û˿Ѫɫ
Ǻ̶̶ˮСһҩЧҶܵʹǿҡ
Ʒ꾧ɡ
Ҷҧݣ˫͵ȭתɻĵƷ꾧ɱٶȡ
ŴҩڽҶУϸٶԽԽ죬˳ſëףų⡣
أҶԽԽǿʹҲ֮͡
ԼСʱҶڳɹһȫҩĵƷ꾧̺Ҳʣ޼
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ѵҶƮŰ̵ĺ̶ϰӦı仯
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ҶɽŬڶش徳ʱɳɱǱ˰׵۳ǣ׼ɱҶ磬ܼѩ
ѩ治˼û뵽ݺ磬ͳ粻Ҫ⡣
ΪҶ粻ڣĵļѩԼϣŹ֣ڰ׵۳ʯ·ϣϣǸ˵
ûϵҺͳ綼ġѩ¶һ˿˵Цݣ˵
ѩ絽ʲôһˣϣʵҪӼѩ˽һҶ硣
ϣŲ֪ѩ˽Ҷ磬˽סһֻԴһס
簡һЩСЩ壬ȴԸ˰ȫеһˡ
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˵˵ţѩߵ˰׵۳ǽ⣬«έԴԵİ׺ߡ
ˮƣˬĸоиӵķɺ泩
ҪҸ˵ĵطСʱͻȻѩͣ˽Ų۾͸ؽ䱸֮ɫ
ôѩ
ȻΪʵԭ򣬰ϣŲδӦΣգӼѩϻǲɣŵʵ
ϣţҪ˵ٸ
ѩһ߼ӿŲһߴӻͳһ̺ǿĺɫʯġ
λŮôżȥﰡ
ڼѩŮҪѸٻص˶෱İ׵۳ʱһ䣬綾߰ǶС
һ̣£źڲֳİӲӳӳǰ
ͷŵǿϢüѩŮоǿѹȸС
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ǷģֻҪǹԹϣߣǾ˺ǡͷĺ˲һ˿˵
ǽҵˡѩɫصʵɢϢǵʵٴﵽ߾硣
޼ɵǣɳ˸֣ϽҲֻнҸɵó
ķϻʵ̫ˣǲԹֻöˣʱˣɱûǡ
ͷĺ˵ֳַĳһƽ˼ѩˡ
ϣţǳȥѩ֪һǱܣΣգԥͷŻ۳ޱ뵽С
ѩ۳ļ߾İϣҲ۳ްߣڽ壬ʵ
壡
żѩһǶҵķɼ˳ȥҪɱΧ
ܡ
Ӱ
ͷĺ˿ѩŮҪܣԾ˰Уеĳӳһ⣬һӰնƲǣǱܣӻܵʱ䡣
ʦ˹Ȼǻʦ
ʶͷ˵ʵѩĳһ˿ң츳ˣҲ޷Կʦ
ʩչ꼼סѩŮ֣ʰΧ״ǷҪǿа뿪
ۿѩŮҪܣѩͻȻӳ˲ĵöɫʯͷĺˡ
ֻ䡱һ죬ɫʯˣǿˮ㲻ըɣ߸ǵ
ѩϣҲܵɫʯԱصˤ˳ȥ˲ᡣ
Σʱ̣ѩŮƣǿʹڵ
Ϊ°׵۳лнɱ֣Ůԥӳ˰׵۳ǣ˱ҹ֣θӣɭɲİɽ


26 ȰӰ
ҹɫȣ¹ּ䣬㣬ڰеİɽһЩ
ڳɹˡ
ҶֻСʱڽһһˡ
һǿҩҶ巢ʱ䣬ȫϸѵޣںڵų塣
ʱҶ缡гҺһ㣬ޱȡ
ʱɴĵһҶҪڶؾ磬벹ѪܽǱȫ
Ϊ壬Ǳ޿ĺֻнеˮעճɹ
Ѫҩϡ٣һֻϽߵȼżȻ֣Ҽֵƣ㼧ѩʮƱҶ磬Ҳһ겹Ѫҩ
ڵ֮Ҫ뵽丮ҲֻҲлõѪҩоҶ
ɹҶϥڵϢһᣬ˵㶫óƷ꾧תɻɻ
ҹɫԽԽҶȫ֮ʱͻȻһ쾪ŵ˫ۣԶ
ѩҿӡѪؿѪģ˲ĺٶȣס˼ѩŮ
žδļѩŮصĺ۾͸˯}˵Ĺâеĳ綾ţ˶Ů
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Ȼ˲ᣬϾһʦѩֻٻޱ
Ӱ
ȶѩɫ򣬴һɺϮսḻĺû㣬Ѹٴ̳гһĨѸķӰƺҹѱٶȻ˱
Ľֱƿ˱Ļ̴ɢڰС
ۣ
ƣѩ⵽ɣһѪȾ˵棬ޱȡ
ߣơ
ʩչ꼼ش֮ʣϣſްͻȻŤŲƬʮ׳ס壬ſѪڣҧԴ
ۿ߾ҪҧסԴشһײеĺڵɽ
ޣܡ
л޺ֳܸ壬춯صĻӲԼİ˺ˡ
߱˺ѣϣͬ⵽ɣѪ˳߿ʳһ̱˵ϡ
Ȼ˲֪ôǾͱҶǲˡ
ŵڵϣصļѩŮ۾͸һĨɭȻ֮ɫֳֳһƽǡ
㲻ҪҸߡ
ѩںˮ۾зһĨɫһţ
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ҡ
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ңҸǰ׵۳˺ңҸһɱ㡣ź콫ĿתƵԼϣϣŶʱһֱǶסĸоȫĺëֱŵľ
ԭǰ׵۳ǧ˵ôƯǴҲ
¶˷ЦݣͷŻסѩ壬ҷİϣſ˼ϣһԹ⻬ʯ
㲻úŹġ
쿸ڼϣϣżľͣػ˫ֻ壬ֻȭͷ޷Ժ칹˺
ɣǺƺҲûãûܾ㡣콫ϣӵ̹ǵʯײе˵
ϣΣգļѩκޱ⵽ش쳣Ѳ
ҼѩģպһʬΡŰϣһԨѩ絶
ģүᣬ䵽үϣ³Ҫҡε˵
ɽˮҲ׵۳ˡ֪Ϣѩ۾ǿ־֮ɫ
û뵽һ˷񣬱֮졣
ҲŹ㡣İϣžĴ󺰵˫˵͸˾Ȼ֮ɫ
¹£ϣŷ˵ֿ׼ҧԾ
ںԽԽϣ׼ҧԾʱͫ׶ȻŴ
ȻĿһģӰͬһ˺һ


27 ͻƣ弶
һ˫ǧ֮ȭͷҹһ˺ĺ󱳡
ȭͷ֮ըӿǿȭͷѹ˼£Ҳӵ˼¡
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ޣܡ
⵽ش캦ˣͷŻ۳޺ܣԼڵɽȥ
ӵõ𣿡
ҶЦһһ죬ҵķɼɱ˳ȥ׷ܵĺ졣
޺Ȼؼ汸ٶȴƣʮҶŴ̶Ħ׷
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ţ
ΣѩŮȲҪϴɾϵѪգ¹⣬ǻߵϪˮߡ

Ϫˮû˶Ů׵СȣŮӣϵˮϴ
ϪˮԹκµӰҶɵùһ¡
ʱòϣѩϣȷʵ̫ˡ

ҶһĿӶŮߣϥϪߣĿϢɵڵĺܻ뵽ѪС
峿һźɫϼƵĳӳ
ҹʱˣŮȶƣ̫أҪȫָҪʱ
ڶŮҪҶɽʱͻȻҶдһǿĻΧĿܼˮơ
ϢѵҪͻƾˡ
Ҷڻ仯ѩŮԹԵߣĵصȴ
Լһʱ䣬ҶԺеѪ˵ĵѺۣһǿĻ˲ȫ˾ƿͻƵ弶߾硣


28 Į
弶ߣѵҹɱʦʱֻļ߾硣
ΪҶɻһ˺Ѳʵ磬Ҷͻƾ˲䣬ѩŮȴ׼ȷоʵʵ
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һŴܡ
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ˣɽɡ
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۾
׽Ҷ۾бľ⣬ѩĲһ£оҶһֶеʣҩһ
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ˣӦðȫˣǾֿɡԶԶؿŰ׵۳ΰ׳ĳţҶ翪˵
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Ҷ˵߾ߣѩҧһʪ촽ͻȻס
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˵꣬Ҷûκεˮڼѩʧע£ת뿪ˡ
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ҲûޣУҲûлɱʦʵ㲻Ҫ˼ˡ
뵽С£ֺܿŵҶ磬ѩţһԼӣԼƲҶ硣

ʲô˰׺ߣɷʧ
׵۳ǶһŵĺԺУһɫۣɫ΢΢Щ԰ףӥǣ۾ݽеɫѿ
һȺܸ˶ãҼϵɷһϵҡ
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ᵽĸоÿÿ뵽ѩһ˽סһһĻɽˮҪɱˡ
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˵꣬һӻҵļѩûκεԥ뿪ˡ


29 һ
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С㣬뿪󡣡
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31 ɱɽˮ
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ǶʦǿޱȣޣҶ˴ĻڽѪ֮С
˶˵ޣҶɾ˽ǵƮŨŨѪζķ˳


32 ϣŵ
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֮࣬ϣлһЩСϲҶԽӵ͡
ˣʱˣǻȥɡ
ȻҶӰϣиоԼ⣬׷ãֻͨȥŮ˽顣
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ллһʱ䣬һȥɽޣΪһºİ׵丮տ׼Ҷҡҡͷίľܾ˰ϣš
ǺðɣҪ㾡ңһȫ֧ġϣЩʧ˵
ãҶ˵ͷһڴӦˡ
Ҷ˲صԺʱ׼ҸֻһУϣǽϵѪձȫΣɽˮ˵ʬ壬ڿ
ֻȿƮŨŨѪȫɢͲԺв˿
ԺеľҶʮ⣬ôá
С㣬ʱˣǻȥɣ辡콫ҹ¸̫߳үǾ첼ãڸ࣬תƽҵŭ𡣡׼ҸֿҶ˻ˣڴߴٵ
磬ˣúչԼҪһҡϣ˵Ű׼Ҹ뿪ˡ
ϣŶ˸ո뿪Ҷʰ뿪סԺ̤źҹ뵽ɭֲİɽ׼ھĻ߾硣


33 ҵĴ
ҹ¹עϮˡ
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˽ɽˮ˵ޣҶڻ۵Ļ㹻߾磬ʮҪһʼͲȣԽѶȾͻԽ󣬻Ӱս
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֣ҶһֻǱԱһƬïʢĹľУ¹⣬Զһɭɽȡ
ɽУϢŴССʮǡ
ǿ˵ǰɽǽƻ׺ݣϲȺӣúĥĿνǼա
˺һʦֵĺëܣǰΧҲ׶༪١
ҶҪľĥֻиܵвܼȫǱﵽĥЧ

Ҷһߵһɽȿһֻ׶೤ź䣬˺ҧһֻ¹ĺǡ
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լУƶˣɫۣɢǿɷĽһһŰŭʵ
أүȥ׵۳ǵĸ֣ʼһ񣬲ǵ鵽ϢүʧٵǼգҸڰ׵۳ǳֹү뼧ѩ񻹷ͻһ׵İ׼Ҹֵֻ̿
ңǺôĵӣɫҵ飬ɽˮʧ뼧йأһüҸʹۡ
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һǰҼʵ㲻罪ңҲ˶١һУ˸ԽԽƵʵǰ
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үүҽִԸǣǾû취𣿡˽ĽҵĴѩе̬ԡ
ҶʱˣͻƵһ޽磬߶µƣסң⼸ܡһг͵ǡ
үүҵҽΰүүλʦأѩһʵ
ǳʦйϵҲҼҶɹѹء
ãã˺ˡ˵


34 Ҷ磬Ӧս
ʱһʱգۼš
ǧ֮
ѪҶ͵̤ǰһȫѪⷢ˹ѪͷŵĻںһ籼ڵĳˮӿ˫Уصغǰһֻ׶ߣͨڣ˫Ѫĺëؿϡ
ꡱһƵĺëܱҶ˫ȭ˳ȥë׵ؿȫݣѪ
ɽ֮һĺëܣҶһȭѪһ
ɱëܣҶѪѿ˵Ѻۣ翪բĺˮӿȫľС
ʱҶѹƾ綼Ѫ̺ȻȻͻƵ߾磬Ҳụ̀ȶˡ
ʱذ׵۳ǣμӰ׵丮տˣ֪ɽˮݱʲô׼ûгҡ
Ҷ³һɽ̶úõϴһ裬·뿪˰ɽص˰׵۳ǡ
Ϊİ׼ҳܲסѹԼҶαװһ£Ƥߣڰ׵۳д̽һЩϢ
֪ǰЩӽ׵۳ǽ췭ظĽҸѾ뿪׵۳ǻָƽʱһ
ȷ׼ûгԼҶڿջס£ȴһİ׵丮տˡ
峿ؽȾͨ죬һĻĿ
ڿջԹ緹Ҷӭųϼͽ׵丮ȥ
Ϊǰ׵丮տ˵ӣ׵丮ʮ֣丮ѧˡ
ϣûɣǲҶû뵽㻹Ϊ٣ŵòҼˡ
Ҷոߵ׵丮ſڣһļĶ䡣
ϹŲЦݵĵУԼ׵۳һ֣ͬסҶȥ·
УҷߵһùҲһ־ˡеĳҶ粢ΪǰֻһС
Ҷ磬˭ǹҶļвȻŭŭʵ
ǹܰҶ翴̵ĵУ˵
㡭
Ĳը˷Σû뵽Ҷͷš
뵽ҶޱȣԼǶֻ֣ҧʣҶ֡
ɣҪǰˡҶ翴·ĵУ
أһӲ˵
һڵġҶЦһͷǹѪ۰׹ǻ۵ɱ⣬˵˲ݿߡ
һ׹ĸо˫һֱӵ˵ϡ
Уʵ̫ˡɫɷףٵĵУҶǰ߽˰׵丮
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫ⣬һͻΪұġĿҶıӰĵзĵ
߽׵丮Ҷֱ˿˵ı㳡ȴտ˵Ŀʼ
׵丮տ˺ܼ򵥣ǾԣݱԳɼΡ
Ҷڱ㳡ȴ˴ԼʮӣͻȻоһϢŤͷһųư׵丮һŵĿײһ
Ҷ磬һᵱ˵棬һûڰ׵۳ǡ۾˸ŵ׹⣬ÿ˵
ҵšҶÿӦһ䣬عͷȥ
Ⱥлһ˹עҶ磬ǱȵǾ𰡣
ͨش˴οȷҶǷҹԼˡ
ſʱٽ̨ˣ׼ɽ׵۳׽ˮԼĴһ˵İϣȫڿ̨ϣעҶĿ˳ɼ
ϣſȺУ׿ȺʵŵҶʱµϲɵ¶֮ɫѹȺۡ
ˣҶһǰ׵丮տ˵ӣ丮ʮֽȱҰ׵丮ֻȡһԽֻлõһߣʸǰ丮ռˡ
׵丮һ׷Բվ̨ϣ˵
ֻһĪˡз·һˣһЦ
ǿ϶ٵʵҪ˵׵丮ƾ丮һָš
ӵߵӵܷ׷ƨ
ô˵ܳΪ丮ӣеţʱ䣬丮Ի͡°˵ϵıԱ
·丮Ѿڶһ㡣
ˣ丮տ˿ʼҿ̨սˡ׵۸
䣬һ۲ԶҶ磬ϵĵһԾ˱̨ϣֳһɫƵķǹǹָ̨µҶ磬ƵҶ磬ս㣬Ӧս𣿡


35 
Ը
Ҷû뵽һսԼ΢̣¶һ˿ѱ˲ЦһԾ˱̨ϣңӡ
⺢ӣôżϳˣҲ֪һЩᡣҼЩԹ˵ȴ¶֮ɫ
ʵϳϳһ׵丮տ˵һעġ
ȹˡ
׵۳ǲҵĺţŷ׷׿ףأĻŭš
ԶİϣȴʮԼŮŭӣɽ۵С֣˵úÿһлҪʵ˵
Ҷ磬Ҳ۸㣬ûķϣУֻųֿȭҶ磬ȵ˵
ٺģ֪ʲôࡣ
٣֪
Եе˳ɤӣΪҡź
ڶļҶᣬĿƽؿ˵ϣܼС
Ҷ磬Ϊлᡣ¶һ˿мЦݣҷĿɰ
첻棬һ֪ˡҶĿ͸˵â˵
⺢ӣд󽫷緶˲á
ǰ׵۳ǵһŷĪò˶ãܳԽһˡ
˿ʱһļͻȻ𣺡磬͡
˳ԴҶ翴Ϳױǵİϣڿ̨ϣǺΪԼź
ҶŰϣЦЦȫƤһ׵ͻȻǰ㣬ǿѹȸг
ôᣬѹȸôô¡
Ҷ屬ѹЦ˲ˣ޷ţûκλҶ磬ܱ˿µæں㣬Ļ
أ
Ҷȭǧ֮ը˲һȭǰĳǹϡ
ţһɿµ͸ǹֱУֱ۷飬ڳѪղסеĳǹ³ǹ䣬صؿϡ
عֱӶѣϢҷһѪӿУȴǿ˻ȥ
ʻѪѪ˳ơ
û뵽ܵһȭмֱ¡Ҷ翴ɫǺ죬Ϣҵ¶˵ЦݵУ׼ˡ
Ҷ绰䣬ɫüΪѿҲû뵽Ҷ˵ı̬һȭƵԼķԼѪ
·ԼֵסҶУԼʧȥ丮ʸ񣬸ûڰ׵۳Ǵˡ
ոյĹӦļޣȫӦлֵסʣУʱֵҹͿˡаοԼԼơ
ʱ䳡žһƬոΪ͵ӵȫɤӣոյһĻס
ĸ׶ʧȥ̸ЦĴݣϵЦˣü͸һ˿ǡ
ڶУעˡ
ҶЦһȫ籼ڵĳˮעȭ֮С
һȭըѣӿҶ罫һȭѹ˼£һȭؿڡ
㣬ȫ
ܵҶһȭĿ£ע뵽ǹУ˫ǹȫֵҶ緢ĵڶֹ
ꡭ
һ̶еĺƳǹܲסҶȭͷгǹѿһѺۡ
ճǹ˫ۣǱƤѪܿƵʳδڵϴĿġ
ۣ
һΣҲѹƲסڷѪһѪڶʧصӣֱ˵˱䳡ԵЩ
ѻȸĿǰһĻ˶ˡ
⣬Ҷι𣿾Ȼһȭ˺Ƴǹ
̫ˣһǵһμ£ܱ˿µ
ԣ鲻ӦٲģӦýҶ޷ǰʵҶĶ֣ԼҪ졣
һˡ
Ҷ΢̣ͻȻ٣ֹ
Ҳ䣬丮ʸһҵġ
̵Ҷµ֪һζķȥԼɡ
һ˲䣬ԺͷգΥԣֲֳѺ۵ĳǹҶ緢
Ҷ磬ȥɡ
һһֵֻ㸡󣬵ڽƳǹʱǹĹֱ
ɣʵ̫ˣȻΥԼѵҪ𣿡ϣֱӴλվߵָ
䳡µĵеȴ¶ϲ֮ɫǿֻҪзҶ罫޻ᡣ
Ȼûп㣬һͷβСˡ
ҶͫΣյ״ѣڱ¶Լӵ޵ܣѪͷŵĻںһٶȲӭһǹ


36 ˸ս
Ҷôлӿûޣѵ޻ܶξѣ
ܵҶ˲䱬ĻҪ£ﵽߴɾڵȫɵۣԼһĻ
顣
ںһҶ繥˼£ǧӿȭͷУһȭµɽһ㱬ĳǹϡ
ˣ
ȭǹĽһǿķ֮
ֻԼһǹһɺĴɽϣӿ͸ǹУȻһΣѪܿƵ
꣡
ܲסҶһȭ֮ʱҶƳȭͷ˲Ѻ۵ĳǹϣֱӽǮƵĳǹˡ
ʲôôܡ
źƳǹһĻĻûˣû뵽ҶĹ˵Ŀ£ֿȭԼ
ҪʱҶȭͷ鳤ǹ񲻿ɵĻؿڣ㼯ؿڵĻһȭ˳ȥڰһѪڵϣ˱䳡˹ȥ
ޱȵļž
ĿҶһȭ鳤ǹشһĻڳ˶ˣ㶵ؿҶ磬䳡ֻʣº
ҹҵǾ˫ֽͣʶҶʵҹģĸоȷҹԼ˾Ҷ硣
ޣҶ羹Ȼξޣôġ
ȺУĸͤͤҶҲǰһĻҶʮξѵ޾Դ˳棬Ҷ֪Ҷɱ䣬һڵյľ

عɴһһͷŭʨӣ˿̨ؿݣԲѵ
СúݵģȻҶɱ֣ɱ㡣
ɼһƣعȫ飬أ鵤ҩҲѻָ۷״̬
뵽պϣҶϣɱһǿɷɢѹҶ硣
ңǰ׵ѧԺУոУΪȡʤȻҪȫ˭뵽ôжֵסʧ
Ҷǹһվԭأͷŵɷ˵
㡭
ոȷʵҶУ˭뵽Ҷϻʵ˵Ŀ£оش
ԼӵĲ״ʵʲȥôˣԼɨأΪ׵۳ǵЦ
ҪǣҶʵ츳евΪǱвɶҶǿҵɱ⡣
һֻڵЫӸֳ壬˱䳡ϵҶ硣
ɣҪʲô㻹֪Լʲô𣿡
̲סҪʱһըװ𣬰׵۳ǵһˣ׼ɽվɫʵ
ϣҪάС𣿡ɫѿʵ
Ϸľˣ۸ϷȻҪΪͷɽԵ˵ȫȻûиӡ
ˣôܣɵɴ۾ЩԼ顣
ɽʲôˣǿǰ׵۳ǵһˣ弶ʦ֣޷Ҷνġ
ҿƺأ֮Ǿ˰ɡоŵգ׵۸ЦһòվԲ
úúãߡ
аɽȷʵٶ֣ҧʣŻԲѵǱ뿪ˡ
ɵ뿪һıſϷͷĵŵҲҾô뿪ˡ
ˣ
׵丮һɵȥıӰվڿ̨ϴ
ʶҶµսμӰ׵丮տ˵ѧûһ˸̨ս
Ҷտ˵һʮþˣֳ츳ʵ丮ӦҲܴһƬءɽ¶Цݣ͵ؿŴҲҶ磬˵
Գʵһ˵ʵ顣ϣſű˫ֱ֣ͦԡµҶ磬۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ϣ۾͸֮ɫҶ飬Ǿ۾Ҳ͸Ǿ۾¶ĸǺڣԼΪҶ׹̳ԶǶ˹ϵѡ
ôų̂ս𣿡׵۸վڿ̨ϣȴ˴Լһʱ䣬ûһ˸̨սҶ磬Ȼ׵丮տ˵һҶ硣


37 ҶҵķӦ
磬ϲԸԳð׵丮տ˵һҰ׵۳ǲμ丮ˡ׵۸е˵ֽһöӡŻͼƽҶϡ
л
Ҷ˫ֽӹƣл
磬ǵʵ̫ˣû뵽Ұ׵丮ı֣Ϊ丮ѧʮþȣʱһɳ죬ɱ׵۸Цݵ˵
Ȼ׵۸λȻҶյıֵ֣Σ
ģҶ˵ͷ
Ҷð׵丮˵һû丮ô׼뿪ʱȺеǾͻȻ׷Ŀ⸴ӵؿһۣҶ磬㵥̸̸𣿡
˼𰣬һ£޷㡣
ҶµǾԼʲôȷʵǾ̫Ĺϸίľܾ
Ҷ磬֪ҹҵ˾㣬ӦһǼԸʵĺܣ丮ޡ
ҶҪߣǾҧһ촽ǰŵ
𰣬ϴˡҶҡҡͷ˵丮һƾ汾¿ġ
˵꣬Ҷ粻ɫɷ׵Ǿ𰣬ͷҲص뿪ˡ
ҶȥıӰǾҧ촽᲻ܿƵȾʪס
úԼúԼĿ⣬ԼҶʱѡԶҲһֽ֡
磬ϲ丮ʸ񡣡
Ҷһ˫˫ηĿע£뿪׵丮ʱһٻӰͻȻǰЦݵףص
ϣţллոͰүүάǣҿܲô˳丮ʸ񡣡Ҷ翴òǣһЦɰСѵİϣţ
磬Ϸȵģ鷳ϷȻӲ
ʱ⣬ȵİɽӰ׵丮˳˵
磬үү͸ȥϳԷ֪ʱ𣿡ϣö
ʱ䡣
ΣҶûоܾʮʹشӦˡ
ˮţʷ֣Ŷƣβᡭ
ΪҶ֮Ĺϵ׼׼˷ʢ磬һƮ磬ɫζѵʳʳ
磬Ϸиʣðһ£ҽǲ翵йϵ鲻İɽһڴİ׾ƣʵ
ǣҵҽǸʦѧģʦǲˣҲҶ˵ʣһĪеʦ
ʦɽüͷһƵ磬֪ʦǷڰ׵۳ǡ
Ҳ֪ʦ˼ģʮʱһҽ뿪ˡҶҡҡͷ˵
磬ϲĻʦܿǿţҲֻ֮УŻǵĪҽɽ˵ЩĽҶĻԵ
ʱ֣׵丮տĻҶش¼һ㴫丮˶෽ע
ʳ֮һҶңҶ֪һϢ뵽֮С
鴫ϢҶ֪˰ɣô¡
ɫƳۣ絶һǷ˫ҶҼҶ崨һŵ̫ʦϣͳʵ
治֪ҶʲôʺˣȻξޣͻƵ߾硣ִ⽫ҶҶҵҶɫ˵
Ҷǲ˹ʺˣȷʵޣµ츳ֻˡҶ崨һ
ףòҪҶ½ӻɡ
ҶɫѿʵҶӻɻɨء
֪ʲôҪҶδҪҶ崨ɫصʵ
ףҳСҶˣҲţ㷭ҶҽˡҶ˵
Ҷһ˭ܱȼ罪ѩ˭ڰҶҡ
⡭
ҶȻϽ֮һҶһֻҶСţҶ츳ޣ޷뽪ѩᲢۡ
ȥҶòϣҶȷʵҪҶš
УϽʳĿǰʮֵĻңӻλ֮Ѿ˰Ȼ׶ΣҶ뼧һһֱڶӣȨʧܣҶҺܻܿ⵽ϴ
ҶعҶң丮ô˼ɡҶ崨̾ϢһеĻ
ףȻ뷨ǺõģҪҶҶҵĵ⣬»װɡҶҶݺ˵
ǰʵⶼһԸյȨҶϣҪǲԸȷʵûа취Ҷ崨˵ʮֺڵҶҶ
ںѾûãҶ崨ֻ뷽跨޸ҶҶĹϵ


38 ټѩ
ڴɫҶϣŮḧңĿ
ҶǱ˰ϣŵˣһƥ׼裬ֵӵĺѪ糾͵ĸϽȨϽʳǡ
ʱ·ڰʱ֣Ͻʳ⡣
ԶԶŸߴʮף޵ΰ׳͸²ɣĻʳǴţҶ粻ɵûͯʱ⣬뵽˴Լ⣬ȴȥҶ衣
常ҽ丮һ丮Ǳ˺ģҷһгˣ㱨𡣡Ҷ˫ȭзĵ
Ҷ罫Ѫķ˳վǰڹƤߣװһͽ߽Ͻʳǡ
Ҷ֮СģǺ±ҷԼ٣𲻱Ҫ鷳
ϤĽֵϣҶǰϽʳУҪ򲹳Ѫ鵤ҩ
丮ǰʱյѪȫﵽѪ糤ӵĳ̶ȣҶﵽһ֮һȭȥѹһĻ꼼
Ѫ鵤ҩ̫ϡ٣вûд
ƹ񣬲֪򵽲ѪҩҶҵеƹϢ
Ѫҩ̫ϡˣһ꣬ʳᶼûвѪҩۡ
Ž˿۾Űɫ۵ĵƹ˵
ƹĺҪѪҩֻҪṩ;Ҷк񱨡ҶӻͳһǧƱ˵ƹϣ˵
ţðɣ㻹㶮µķϣҾ͸¶һϢƹۼĽƱ˵ǰЩӣͣȫصҽΪβЩУһǧѪ
ǧѪ
Ҷż֪ѪξǲѪʥҩǧѪʥҩеļƷԼԵõǧѪԼʵ
ƺأʳҽ޲ߣܲܵõҵͣͿıˡƹ˵
л档
֪ҪϢҶûоô뿪С
ң
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ʱ丮ȡԴ
ڶһ磬Ҷ̤ųصڻʳļլ
ҲϽ壬ǷͣȻôҽʦǰ
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ֻͨˣʸ̤լΪҼˡ
ڼҿʮϸ񣬼ųҽʦ޷ͨˣҵ⣬ǿҵĲ
뵽ϽȻĵλҲֻܷɧȥ
£Ҳǿͣ˵İɡ
ֵҶʱһ׷Բԣ¶ºЦݵ߿͸ϢҶ磬ʵ
ţҶ˵ͷƤߵûб顣
ǸǼļҽʦҪʮҽ飬ͣʮ궼ûаɡ
ҽ鲢һУһҪʵ˵ңǿ´ȼĻᡣҶƽ˵ԵĻð׷üͷ΢΢һ塣
˼޷üðգ»ذɡ˼һ£׷߻ǾܾҶ磬ûȥ
ûмǴĻǼҴСǰȥһ˰׵۳ǣѸ̫үβҽ
׷߾ܾҶ粢˵
ΪǧѪҶ粻òðձ¶ԼһݣѾ˵׼ҰԼܣ°׼ҳԼ
ѵλҽ׷üͷһƣҶ˼ر仯
׷żȻѩҽΰɽλҽʮֵᣬټº֪µҶݡ
̫үĲκõġҶ絭Ȼ˵
˼ոնеҽҪ⣬֪ҽգ
ճ
ҽ롣
׷΢΢Ǹ˵ԴҶ磬߽˹ɫļլ
ʯ·ϣҶĸ֪լŲٸ֣ЩУǿĻʦڡ
ҵĽ䱸ôɭϣѵд·ҶͨҵĽ䱸һ˿ѰϢ
ѩ
ҶŰ׷ߣһƬɫ񺣣ݻĴ⣬ҶɨӿƵĴʱɫ޳ȹʸţɷļѩ
ʱվ׼ߣüͷĲ֪ʲô
Ҷ罫ĿӼѩߣޱ߽ӵĴ
Уһ¸صҽʦҶʱ׷¶֮ɫȻֹ


39 
ܼңλǣ
ο͸ϢûκαҶ磬ʵ
ټλǴСἰ̫үĳʦ׷߽ܵ

׷߻䣬˼ļѩ͵̧ͷҶ磬ϸݵҶʱвһϤĸо·Լʶһ㡣
ҽΰϵλҽ
ɽĲ飬κʳҽһҽ޲ߣλҽȴֻһСʱ˰ɽڻ𶾣ҽҽˮ׼
Ҷ˵ĸо̫ᣬüβòݣĿͶһԵļѩ
ңҶ˵ͷ
ʦǲǼѩĿƵؿҶ磬öʵ
ȻҶ׺İŮ˵и߼ѩԼʶ
ûУҶҡҡͷĮ˵˿ģǲ£뿪
ҶĮѩʶĸоӵǿҡ
Ϊʲôô񣿡
뵽ҹԼͰϣ˵ˣѩ˵ôơ
ѵͬһˣϴˣţѩͻȻ٣ƯĴ۾ضҶ磬·Ҫ
ôƢκһ˶ʦǻû˵ʲô㵹ͷһɫҽʦۣҽӵмߵλŭҶ磬ǳ
мְҽΰ׼Ҷ翴еĲм⣬ʵ
ôаգͱһЦ
ٰձǴ󡣡Ҷŵ˵
ÿСӡû뵽Ҷ˿Ȼŭͷϱ֪Ϸ˭Ϸѧҽʱ㻹û
ͲʲôһҪʵ˵˭ûȤ֪Ҷ翴ŭĿԲİߣ˵
㡭
˶λ뿴ҵϣ˵䣬ǻǺúо£ҽμҸĲɡԣõĶˣüͷ΢΢һ壬δе⡣
ûңûִ⽫£Ϸ뿪߱Ҷûҧ˵
ȥˡ
Ҷû߳ŭİߣ˵
⡭
οһŭİߣֿһ۴ݵûһ˿Ҷ磬
ȻҶ͸˲֮ǻʳҽҽȺʵڲðҶ硣
ףóʦ԰ɣҶġ
ھ潩ʱѩҧһʪ촽˵
ãߡ
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40 ԵĹ
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41 Լս
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ϢסһСԺҶ罫״̬ѣͽ丮ɽĿ˵㣬μӿˡ
ߵɽ£ҶԶԶһ޽ĹӻֺĴɽţ룬һ޴ңɷд֡á
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ùӵϢʱһϤͻȻĶС
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ΣҰöû¶ŭ⣬ȻǶ˶Ϲʵ£Ը


42 ǿһֿ
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һĽһžƷҩ鵤ڶǰƷ鵤ǰƷĵʮĽƷ꾧
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ˣ׼£ҿʼˣֵĵӣпˡ
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ѩɳٶȹȻܿ죬ͻһʦԶˡҶ翴ѩĳɼĬ
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ǿƵ丮ֻбȱ˸ǿվȽŸ


43 ܿ
Сӣɱͱ̭ˣ̫ûȤˡ
ǧٽ֮ȾӵڶҰ¶һ˿ϷʵЦݣ⽫ѹһߣҶС
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䣡
ʯҡһ£һĿİ׹ڵĲʯйâ֮ǿ̵۾
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͡
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գ˺ͼһʱ䣬ò䣬Ǳ˳֮⡣


44 ޵һȭ
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Ҷ罫ѹµһȭݺݵţϣƿشǧһȭҷɣڰбˡ


45 ı
ޱȵļž
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һ̷
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һɾĻҶȫɱڵİɫ
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51 ˭˭
ͻƵһʦˡ
оȫɫɱɫǿ࣬ҲҶ¶Цݡ
˵ͻƵʦ磬Ҷ̤֮;𾪰˷Ļ꼼
Ϊ˴ͻƣǻĳɹҪľ磬ڻȶ
ͻƣҶԲѵļѩǰ
ȻҶԼѩ޺øУòϣѩȷʵ̫Ưˣٺ覴á
Ժûһ˿ӿҵҩѩС죬ιС
Լӹ󣬼ѩָʶڻǰһĻ¶֮ɫ
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֪Ҷ־һΣԼǷˡ
ҪڵлʱֵѪУһĿӣϵı˲ˡ
ˡ
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Ҷ磬ǿԽΪϱ丮żʯ丮һΪֹġѩо̬ԣ˵ˣҲˣ丮Źǡ
鷳
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Ҷŵ˵ĿƵؿżѩ
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ǣǺðɡ
ѩҲΪ丮ӵĻᣬҧһʪ촽һΣʯҶ硣
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ţˣ
Ҷ˼νķɺ鷳ʱһ΢ҶĦĶ䡣
΢΢̧ͷһɫۣıֳͦһǹվһ֦ϣϷʵؿԼ
丮ӹȻ򵥡
ȻӶʦʵûиҶѹëṦȴҶ粻ɶ߿һۡ
Сӣܲңҡ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ҪдҵıҵǿԿǷ㡣
ûбȥأҶЦһ
ǾͿûˡ
˵ţӽżһԾ˰Уֳ־ų߾Ŵ糤ƳǹҶ硣
һǹҶ粻ûܣӭ˹ȥ
ںгǹҶؿʱֶȻĳĴ˷ǹ⡣

û뵽Ҷ羹ȻƵֵԼĳǹ¶ײеЦݡ
һ̣ϵıˡ
Ϊ֣ҶĴԼһǹ֮һɳԼƿط͸ǹ⣬ԼֱУЩղסǹ
ҶֲʱҶٶȼĺһȭں޵ȫ
ܣ
Ҷ籩һȭͷбǿֱӷ˺ӵĻؿڣһȭɡ
ۣ
ͷһѪߴʮ׵ĹľҶϣصˤ˵ϣ
밤ᣬͽϵıңҲҶӸµؿв
㡭
ԼҪٵĶ󣬷ԼѵĺӣٴһѪֱ˹ȥ


52 ָ
ʮƷ꾧ջ񻹲
ҶѹսƷʱںӻзʮƷ꾧Լһ΢΢ЩƣƽƵƤᡣ
ѵǻ꼼
Ҷüͷ΢΢һƣеĴм䣬ƽƤƽơ
ƣ
Լ֮䣬Ҷ۾б⣬һ֮֮ע뵽ƽУǿнƵˡ
һ̣޹ƤиֳӬͷС֣һĻ꼼
鼶Ʒ꼼ָ
Ҷһ¼Ļ꼼ķƤᾹȻһ鼶Ʒ꼼ΪǣâԼƻʽ
ûл꼼ã͸ˣ治֪θл㡣Ҷ¶˵Цݣо
ںԣҶԴﵽ˷˼ĳ̶ȣֻһʱ䣬ͼס˾ָģ
鼶Ʒ꼼ѶȲСһ˿һҲѽɾ硣
ҶȴûиеκѶȣ·һˮɣܿеҪ졣
ҶƮ¡
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Ҷ綯磬ˮһֵָһָһߵָâڰһţԶһ˺ϱܱĹľ
ԶԼ㴩Ѻ۵ĹľҶ΢΢ЩȺϲû뵽ԼԱԸ죬Ա˵Сʱ˾ָǰʽ
һҶԺһ裬ָʽƻԺ
ڸʲô
ԼһСʱ󣬺ڻصؿڣľʱǰһĻˡ
һ̣һĨ𾪳ռ壬ſͣȴþû˵һ֡
ƻꡣ
ҶһָһָɫȻ٣γһһ߳ĻָâԾ˵ٶȣԶѺ۵ĹľһָߴĹľˣмڰз衣
һСʱָɾ磬ˣĿؿҶ磬ͬ˹
ָǺڰǰ⼸л丮꼼һġ
󲿷־ָϣȴɾָǰʽʼ޷򾪻ָʽƻꡣ
ҶȴֻһСʱȫˣúӿҶ˾ηͿ־塣
⾪ָỹˡ
Ҷ粻˽ؾָð丮أӻĿ͵ĺӣһʧããС
оȻһ丮ˡӺһĿҶʧıӰµ
һСʱ֪ϹҰ˦˶Զ
Ҷһʱ䣬оԼӦñϹҰ˦˲Сľ룬ϵؼ٣һ׷ǶˣһѰķɺ䡣
ͬʱϹҰԼɫۣɫɢϢϹҪѪɢͨ丮ıؾ֮·ϣȴҶĳ֡
ģҶڸʲôôôòʲô˰ɡ
ڲݴУĵȵҰҶٳûг֣ʱ
زסҶ磬ɹԽɽԼҪʧȥ丮Ľᱻݺݵؽѵ棬ҰԸġ
ˡ
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ģôһ
ҰԽԽķɺ裬۾͸һ˿мݻʵѹķɺһͷδķɺ
ಡ
ҰһһֻѸݵıӣïʢĹľԾסķɺ衣
ҰҪʲô
ҰͻȻ֣ķɺһԼ֮ʱķɺһʵ
ķɺ裬ʵʵشһ⣬Ҿͷȥ㲻ʶʱǾͱҶ㲻Ұɫв
ʲô
ȻķɺջҰ̬ȣȷʵҵҰֻסеŭ𣬵ʵ
㣬֪Ҷ𣿡Ұʵ
֪ûķɺҡҡͷ˵
ģûƭң
˵ţһǿɷҰɢķɺ裬ʵ
ҿԷģɽûҶ硣
ķɺֻߣܲסҰɢɷɫ԰׵˵
𣿡Ұɫ˵۾вϱ׹⡣
ҰôżҸʲôѵȲҪһսˣ
Ұ˼ҪҪһķɺʱһϤĶУҶˡ


53 Σ
Ҷ磬ˣҵܾˡ
ŻҶ磬ҰæڻеĸӦʯˣ۾͸ŨŨɱ⡣
ҰҶ֮飬ˡ
ŽŵĶˣķɺеزѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ˣ˭ߡҰԵ˵
ҰʲôѵɱҲɡķɺɫѿ˵Ҿ㣬ҳ£丮һŹġ
ķɺ裬ҿԸһᣬ֣סҶ磬³֮뿪㲻ӦĽվڡҰһв
ģ
ķɺüͷһƣЩɵ˵
ķɺ裬ΨһĻᣬ㲻գҵһɱ㡣ҰɱȻв
Ķҡķɺ裬Ҷĵȴķɺѡ
ķɺѡҰԸԼҶû˹ǣȫɱ󻼡
Ұ㷢ģҰԸҶ磬ͷҡķɺһģĿƵؿҰ˵
ãҷģҶԸҶ磬һ㡣Ұĵ
ϣûƭңҲŹġҰģķɺƽࡣ
ķɺ裬ԭΪһû뵽ô͡Ҷҡҡͷ˵ҰķŹ㣬ͬŹ𣿡
ĳ£ǻɵв𣿡
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ø磬ϹסСӣҪˡ
ҰؼʱѪϹʱдϲ
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Ұҷķɺһ档Ҷҡҡͷһɢ
һʦͻƵһʦˡ
Ҷɢĵ⣬ҰϹɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
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Ѫܣںϡ
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оѪʵҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȻҶʵ˺ܶ࣬鼶Ʒ꼼ָѪ丮ţвټϻϹҰҶ֪ԼȻΣա
Сӣ±ӣǵò۾ˣЩﲻġ
۳ѪܣѪ¶֮ɫһƯڰеѪһԾҶǰ
һ̣ѪӴȻͣһǿѪѪ緢ĳӣҶ硣
֮ƣ
ͻѪͷŵҶûܣǱ˵֮ӭȥ
䣡
ǿײһıǿķ֮ΧĹľ飬мҲ˵Ѻۡ
ն
֡
ҶѪ֮ʣϹҰҲڵһʱʩչ꼼Ҷ緢
꼼ϮҶͫһԺλӰ̤ܵĲܿ˶˵Ļ꼼˵һߡ
λӰľ裬ֻλӰ侫⣬Ҫ⾳ٶӰӡ
ţҵСˡ
Ҷ̤Ĺ첽Ѫüͷһƣ°¶һ˿ȡ
ø磬СӺܹ죬һϣһҪع⣬ǻ鷳
ҰиǾȣ޷ܣҶ̶̼Сʱڣͻ˾磬һŹĲ
ã
Ѫ˵ͷѸںѪܣĻֳƷ鼶ӰҶ緢


54 һָ
ȡ
Ҷһȣ˵ս˶㣬ȫļֲΪģӡ
ܵҶӿֳսѪɫڱˡ
Ϊ޷ͷ˿µ֪ԼСҶˡ
ৡ
۷壬ҶһһʮֹĽǶȣܿѪӰڴʧɫҰǰ
ն
Ҷ۾еɱ⣬ҰһӿвƵĳʩչ꼼ҪҶˡ
ǣ
ɫĳն䣬Ҷû㣬Żʳָӭȥ
һ˸ǹָâصصҰնϣӲƿĵâˡ
ۣ
ҰؿڱָУһѪܵⶴѪĽ
һҶ籾лɱҰȴûаջɱѪ֮£ֻܽҰˡ
ն
ҶҰ˲䣬ϹʩչĻ꼼նĺ󱳡
ۿҶҪƴĸâУٴһâһһ㣬ܿϹʩչĻ꼼
֮
Ҷܵ˲䣬ȫ񱩵ĳˮӿȭͷУһȭϹؿѡ
ȭХϯһ㣬Ϲؿһϡ
ȭͷδˣµȭϹɫ䣬æظؿڣֵҶһȭ
أ
Ҷ罫ѹµȭͷصϹؿڵĸϣǿϹֱ۷飬ظݺݵײؿϡ
ֻؿһƣһ˱ɿµķ֮ɣˤʮԶ˲ᡣ
𹦡
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ˡ
⵽𹦹ҶֻһȫѪ徭ദ𣬷Ӧһ˿ٻ
Ӱ
ץסᣬѪеӰֳӰգصųҶԴҪԴ顣
â
Σʱ̣Ҷ籾Ӧһָ߰âڰصµӰϣӰĹӻ˹âĹٶȣյһԡ
꣡
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ָô丮дӲ⴫Ļ꼼ָָڶؾ硣Ѫϳ˾ָ֪ļֵϱøӵʵ
ˣĴҶûлشѪĻѸٽһŸ굤ӵУһ߻ָĵĻһһԵĹľԾȥҪѸ뿪
ø磬ǧҪˣȻǽ鷳˲ҰҶҪӣ
ģܲˡ
˲ϲ
ѪʩչٶȻ꼼ͻȻٶȣҶ֮ľ롣
𹦡
ɹΧѪӰٴθֳ壬ըɢ˲صغҶϡ
⵽𹦹ҶȫľأһѪ˳˳
ȥɡ
Ӱ
Ѫȫע뵽ӰУٴʩչյǿ꼼Ҷ硣
ƻꡣ
Σʱ̣ǰ׼Ҷ˲ָѣȫĻע뵽ʳָУ˾ָʽҲһС
һһ߶೤ٻƻָâӰϣӲصһľâһɫѪ
ˣ
ƻָѪؿڵӰʱǿķֱ֮۷飬ڳѪ
ƻָ㾹Ȼָɾ磬㵽˭ѪԾҶ羹Ȼƻָɾ硣
ȻһֱƵѪĹѪǿȷʵ˼вۺϿǣҶ뾡뿪Ƿ֮أȵõ鵤һʵˡ
֮ҶһٴһԵĹľԾȥ
ߡ
ѪҶܣ͵еӰһ裬Ҷĺ󱳣òܡ
Ҷ̤λӰâܿӰʱ̤˲ϲѪƽ
ӳɫĻʩչ꼼Ҷ硣
ƻ꣡
ԽԽâҶ粻˾ˣٴʩչĴ󣬵˵ƻָһָƵѪʩչĻ꼼Ӳˡ
ԾïʢĹľԣѪ˲ʵע£ʧ


55 ı
ۣ
Ҷ̤λӰɽ˰СʱҲֲסһѪɫɷס
ոǰһŸ굤֧ŲסʩչָģӳѪ׷ɱ
˸굤ҶȻأҪҶ屻ȫľ˵类Ѫʩչ꼼˺ѡ
ѪҰϹһǱ𡣡
ҶøɾѪתɻ굤ҩպ󣬼Խɽؿ丮
ô죬СˣǸд鷳ˡɱʧܣҰͷð˿ſ亹
һǲɱķɺ裬ɱҶع⣬棬丮ǡ
ҪšѪ۾˸ŵ⣬ͳ˵Ҫǽʬ崦丮޷ҵ֤ݡ
ڽɱҶ£Ҳ̫ģҵҴ˴ο˳ϣ⣬ϵڳϣʱ丮׷һе£ֻҪҧţϾС
Ҳֻˡ
ҰϹ໥һۣ˱˴۾еĵǡ
ôǻպı
ѪǶеĵ֮ɫɫʵ
Ҷɳٶ̫ˣٸһĳɳռ䣬Ƕ٣պҲΣաҰ˵ͷ˵
ϴԽɽǰۺʵƻңڣʵѾѹˣ丮һʱ䣬ǵجΡϹɫص˵
֪֡һٸӣҲðսɱҶ硣
İɣҲ丮ġѪ۾˸ŵ׹⣬ͳ˵
ø磬ʲôð취Ұüͷһƣڴʵ
ƾС丮꼼Ҿܽ丮ʰѪݵ˵ˣҪһ𣬵ҵִ丮ٳ֡
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ϣֻһ֮ԣһеϹҰˣɡڳĿ˸˵
ȻҶո£ƿصķΧҶ˵ģϹҰһԸ顣
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Ҷʦܣû°ɡ˵Ҷ磬Ѫܺõеɱ⣬첽ߵǰǸ˵ո³򣬳еأҶʦܲҪ⡣


56 Ҷ
ѪոҲ˽ɱжɫһĿƵؿϵʵ
ɱѪȵ˵ϣǲŪˣȷʵҶʦ֣ܽڣ̸νɱ֮˵
𣿡ϵʵ㣬ϹҰأûкһ𣿡
ûаɽûǡѪҡҡͷ˵
ѪȰòҪƭң棬㡣ؾ
ϣңҸոҶʦ֣ܽ³򡣡Ѫ
Ѫһֱڿ˵³򣬵ʲôԭ򣿡ڳһԽӻ
Ϊ䷢֣Ҷʦܻ丮Ӳ⴫鼶Ʒ꼼ָָɾ磬Բ뽫ס¡Ѫ
šҶ磬㣬Ѫûԩ㣬᲻丮ľָڳ۾͸һɫʵ
һԵüͷҲû뵽ᷢȱʡ
丮Ի꼼Ŀƺϣ˽⴫Υ涨߲ᱻ丮ܵصĳͷ
Ѫ˵Ǻء
⾪ָɽһ丮ѹεսƷҽָɾ磬ͽ꼼ỹˡָ˲ƵҶڵվ˵
ڳɫһǳҶ磬ʱ㻹ƭǣŲھط㡣
λϣ֪Һ֮УΪʲôطң
ҶŪԼôڳˣΪʲôԼ
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һСʱҶ̹׵˵
ƨһСʱָɾ磿㵱Ƕɵӡڳŭĺǳ
Ϊ丮ţҲ޷һСʱָɾ磬Ҫ˵Ƴɼ޵Ҷ硣
ǲţԽһʾ֪ûƭˡҶ絭˵ûκξ֮ɫ
ô鷳ھ͸һ鼶Ʒ꼼Ѫӡ㵱ǵСʱڽѪӡɾ磬ҲĻӦеĽ
޷ǾͱҶ㲻ˡڳϴӻóѪӡᣬ˵
ڳϣѪӡȻֻһʽѶȿ鼶Ʒ꼼⿼Ѷδ̫˰ɡüͷ˵
ϣʱ㻹ĹڳͱһЦһСʱָɾ磬˵Ҳͷ
ڳϣСʱѪӡཱž鵤㴦á
ȻҶϻѪӡѶԶʤָɻԳģ
š
ҶŵףڳϼЦ˲ˡ
ôڳ㲻ңҶЦ˵
ȻڳϲҶҲû˹ԣڳպıġ
ֻҪԼֳ˵츳Ϊ丮صڳϾͲұԼ
ãϷʹӦ㡣
뵽Լ츳ʵѪӡɾ磬ʮʱ䣬ҶСʱѪӡһڴӦˡ
磬аգҶĶԼЩʵ
Ӧòࡣ
˵ţҶɫѿڳУùѪӡᣬϥڵ˵ͷϰһ
ģϷڣû˴㡣ϵ˵ͷ֤
лл
ҶϻӦһмЦݣͷŻ͸˾Уټ
Ҷ磬Ҳ֪ɵǼɵҺڳϴֶģڳϵֶΣһϵġѪֻؿҶ磬ԺѾԤҵˡ
ʱһһԼСʱϹҰȺ
ֹһСʱ죬ѩҲɹԽɽ丮Χ
ǴѪе֪Ҷľٶʱ˼ѩ⣬˷׷¶˳֮ɫ
Сʱڣһ鼶Ʒ꼼
ۿСʱһʱ䣬ͻȻϥڵϵҶ˽յ˫˫һ㣬ٵشһӵӡ
ӡĴҶȫĻӿ뵽˫֮Уſ˵ˮơ
һ̣ҶĳһֵѪߣӡĴԽԽ׳
ʲô
Ҷ۵ѪߣϣڳϣѪһɴ˫ۣͣͬ˹
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ȻҶһνӡЩ裬ȻӡɹĴ˳ȥ
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ĿǰһĻڳԺһƵͷȫҶ츳ˡ


57 ʨӴ󿪿
лڳ鼶Ʒ꼼ѪӡĿڳϣҶ³һ˵Һ⡣
ѪӡֵԳָ丮Ҫӻ꼼һҪСĴۡ
Ҷ粻ûиκδ۾ѧѪӡĿ֮ӮڳżֵǵľƷ鵤ǵڴڳϵ
Ҷ磬ʵشңԭûѪӡڳһס𾪺ŭ𣬵ʵ
ûУҶҡҡͷڳϲţٸһ鼶Ʒ꼼ҡ
ʵ鼶Ʒ꼼ҲԡҶһ˵
㡭
ڳϱҶҭ˵鼶Ʒ꼼󣬾Ϊ丮ϣҲֻڻ꼼䣬޷꼼±
磬㵽ôģ꼼ٶôô졣
ʱ˿̣Ȼ޷ţҶֻ˲СʱѪӡ
Ҳ֪ÿҼоʱ׽뵽һľУܿ꼼衣Ҷ罫õ˵ǵ˳͵
ѵҶոս뵽˿ڤ⾳Св²
ڤ⾳һʮ⾳һ룬ٶȽܶˣһӶ޷һοڤ⾳
ţԵţ磬츳Ҽߵģƾڶҵӵ츳ˣΪ˴ο˵һʵ顣ϼ˵ζҶ͡
ϣȻ֤ҵףǲǿ̸̸ҰɱҺķɺˡ
Ҷ罫ĿͶɫѿϹѪҰϣ˵
ҶɱȻҰһʶҶ츳о¡
ֻҪҶʱ䣬ѪȫţɳԼӵĳ̶ȣҪԼһֻһ򵥡
İɣ˵ģ丮һһĽϵ˵ͷ֤
Ҷ磬㲻ҪѪˣʲôʱɱķɺˣб㽫ķɺ躰ʡҰһסĵĻ֣̿ǳ
ȷʵ޷ķɺ躰ΪѾǲ̵ɱˡҶĿƽؿҰˣ˵
ķɺˣ
֪һϢ𾪵Ī֪һЩĻļѩҶ˼ر仯
Ҷ磬ȻҲ֪Ϊʲôݺǣݺ֮ǰó֤ͲҪѪˣǡϹɫѿ˵
ȻҪ֤ݣҳȫǡ
˵ţҶ罫ѩǿżʯ˳˵ոɱķɺ裬ɱҵ飬üʯ¼ˣǲˡ
ҶеļʯѪҰϹɫ䣬У־ᶨҰͷϸð˴亹Ŀֻ
ô˵ˡ˲Ұ׵ɫҶЦ˵ǲ˵ѪôẦˣ
ôĵӣ˵ʵ࣬ұǡ˵ı仯ɫһһǿɷɢǳ
Ҷʦܣ֪ˣҶʦ̧ܸǣֻҪҶʦܴӦԸ⻨ҶʦϵļʯֲǵĹ
ھƿǰĽţҪ̱ƹʱѪѹһߣҶĶС
ۣ֪еʲôҶüͷһ£һ˿ȤӦ
ٿƷ꾧Ѫҧһ˵
еۣЦˡҶͱһЦ
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Ѫδ˱뵽µĺֻҧʣҶթԼ
ǧƷ꾧һ겹ѪݣԼһǬҶʨӴ󿪿ڵ
У㿪Ҹ˵޷㡣ջѪ
ȻǾˡ
ϣ֪ɷżʯתˣΪֹҶ翪˵
ȵȣҴӦ㡣
ѪĴľǾ棬Ҳǡ
ҿɲϲˣ㲻ңǱҲǻᡣҶ紫ؾ
֪Ѫصص˵ͷӦ
磬ϵļʯҰɡҪ
ϣԸϿҵǸ⳥һЩҲǡҶ绰һת˵
ǰϣҲһʱͿֻҪҶԭǣδܸһθĹµĻᡣڳϿתһԸ͵
ķɺĳأɫϾ˵
ķɺ£Ҿû壬ϹټļЭ̱ȽϺãļһġڳ˵
磬㲻Ҫʲô︺ʵңԸǸĹ»᣿һ飬
ǰҰϹģҳɼǺãǾͽ˴νҡ
ԸгŵڳϽҵž鵤ңټոմӦҵҾԭǣ֤պ׷¡Ҷ˵ͷ˵
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ҶԼҪž鵤ڳɫ࣬Ŀ֮£ȷʵ˼ˡ
ԼʱѪһ仰Ѫ


58 ˣ
ڳϣ֪ܽһǧٿƷ꾧𣿡Ѫһ۱ٱ߱ԵڳϣӲͷƤʵ
ѪҪôƷ꾧ʲôɫڳϴ
Ȼ丮ϣÿ¶л꾧ӦһǧٿƷ꾧СĿһʱᣬò
ҴӦ⳥ҶǧƷ꾧Ѫҧ˵
ǧƷ꾧ڳϵһСӣδ̫˰ɡ
ǧƷ꾧֪㡣Ҷ絭˵
ڳϣϽһǧٿƷ꾧ҴӦڻһǧٿš
ҶץסѱѪòЭ
ûУϷһŶûС
ڳϸоԼùˣ޹ʵһǱţƽ״żֵǵľ鵤
ѪĿԼ꾧⳥Ҷ磬ڳϵķζըˣһھܾ
ѪҵޣòŵǾͱҲǻˡıɫ콻ӵѪҶ絭˵
һСʱʱ䣬һ丮ȥ衣Ѫҧ˵
ãҾ͸һСʱʱ䣬һСʱ޷ҾͲˡҶؾ
һġ
˵꣬ɫѪһʧϦ¡
ڳϣž鵤ǲǿԸˡĿѪȥıӰҶ΢̣һ˿⣬ĿͶɫѿڳϣ˵
ããã
Ŀ֮£ڳ޷ˣοҶ츳£֮£ֻʹض꣬һֱ÷õž鵤͸Ҷ硣
װо鵤УҶֻһ˵ҩ۴Сͨɫľ鵤ɢ鲻Խһˬ
ǾƷҩҩ˾£ٿһ硣Ҷ罫ž鵤źãɫγˮڳϣ˵лڳҩ
ϣûϷʲôˣˡ
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磬Ǵ˴丮˳ɼõģž鵤㡣ڳ뿪ϿʼŽָҶһž鵤
ϹҰǴ˴丮˵ڶǵĽ鵤
Ҷ磬ֱַϹҰ
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ԼѱҶץס֤ǶΥԼ֮£ĽİƷҩҶ硣
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죬ѩǴ˴丮˵ĵǸǵĽ
ǰֱַ˼ѩˡ
ˣʽΪ丮ӣҶ˽ᣬҽ丮븮պǾͿ丮ˡ
ϵĻ죬ѩ΢΢ЩСߵȴŵɪɪʮֺڵҶ硣
ʱһһۿһСʱҪˣɫѪڻˡ
Ҷ磬ҪĶҶˣڸ㶫ǰ뱣֤¾ʹ˽ᣬպ𣬲ϵļʯҡѪ˵
ΪһСʱռҶҪ֮޷Ĵۣ˵ļУҪΪ
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㣬Ѽʯҡ
Ҷ統ģѪϵĺ⻺˼֣еǬӸҶ磬ϵļʯ
Ѫǰұһ¡Ҷ罫ǬڻУסת׼뿪Ѫ˵ʵƭǣҲûüʯǽɱңɱķɺľ
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ˣˣˣ̾ͲˡҶ翴űŭеˣ˵
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뵽ԼΪ˸Ĵۣһ޷ܵĳ˲ѪӣǷݴδйĳʹģץŭʧȥǡ
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ŭﵽ㣬ѪһһѪ
޷ܱϷˣʵѪֱӱҶѪڵϣѪ߰ߡ


59 ʳ
ҹɫˮ͵¹ϽʳǣһƬ
丮˽ĵҶ˵ĳɼϽʳǴˡ
ҶѪ˵ĳͻԼ츳ȴ丮ˣ֪¡
ҶլС
ף丮˽Ѿˡǰȥ̽ϢҶݺҴҵķصҶլС
Ҷͨ丮𣿡
鷿ȲҶ崨æ豭ϣʵ
ҶȻûйǵֿȫһ˳Ϊ丮ӣһ϶޲ڡҶݺԼ̽ϢҶҼҶ崨
һȻҶ崨Ѿ߹Ҷˣճɼ¶֮ɫ
Ҷ崨ԾģҶݺ¶һ˿Ц֪ҶĳɼҶ崨ķӦһ˳ԾǳԾ
ΪϽѹӶ丮˵һʮǰ顣
ԭˣҶǱԨ֮ҶҿʧȥΨһĻᡣ
֪Ҷ羪޵ĳɼҶ崨̾Ϣһгͺڡ
ףҪҶ̸̸Ҳڴķϣ飬عҶҡҶݺеҶ崨ʵ
ðɣ취ҶԼϣӣԸҶ崨˵ͷ˵
ҶΪҶ羪޵ĳɼڣϽһ彪ȴΪҶĳɼ뵽֮С
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ҼָûһԵİ˽ɫ˵
ףǺҶҶ򣬱ҽң۴ӽʱӻ
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ڽҴЩѹʱ丮ϢĽŽ˵
˭ǶԸҶ磿ѩ׵üëһ£ʵ
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ΪѪɱҶ磬ķɺ࣬Խ֪ϢЩƬ档
̫ˣһֶԸҶ磬Сӱɡ¶ظЦݣ˵
ص丮Ҷ磬лᣬͽɱԾ󻼡ݵ˵
İүү֪ô˵ͷ˵
丮˽ƶʱҶϰ£丮ӵԼƣʽΪ丮ĵӡ
ҶɱӣҲΪոյĳͻûбκ˹עüѩŵ
Ժӣǽסĵط磬˴ο˳ɼãѡסɡùһݲע丮ͼָŵͼԺ˵
Ҿѡɡ
Ҷϲһ۾Ϳˣ޽±ߣλñȽƫƧһСԺ
Ҷѡ֮ϹѪ˷ֱѡԼԺӡ
ǣֻ轫ԺڣԺڵƣʱͲ±˴ˡ
丮еЩñ˿˿֯ɵģ֮󣬿ɱܰٳ棬Σǹ롣
УʮƷ꾧ǣǿЩ꾧ȥ꼼ѡ꼼Ҳȥ
Ʒ꾧󣬾Ҫ취ˣ꾧öϸĽܡ
ˣʱˣǻظԵԺϢɣϣպ񿴵ǵ֡
ллϡҶ˽ϸǵԴպú󣬸ݵͼָʾֱǰ˸Եס
Ҷ磬ҵţŹġĿҶȥıӰҶϷˣ˴Ұ۾˸ŵ׹⣬зĵ
ƯԺӡ
ִԼסСԺҶ۾ʱһû뵽丮סôãʯɵǽҹ顣
Ժ̨ͤ¥ҡҷһ峺ĳУһββС㻶ζ
Ҷ罫Ժʱظо˷ܵԺӿ
ʱ䣬Ժԣɾһ㡣
ѹָԴҪ丮ͱǿ̫ˡ
Ҷ丮⣬һ˹ɫķУ˳ͷŻ͸˽ȥ


60 丮Դ
档
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ţһϸ丮ͼչǰͼϸıע丮˴򣬷ֱΪ󣬻꼼ҩãߣŷ󣬶곡¥Լ
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Ҫʹߴʵ븶һƷ꾧ҲƷ꾧丮ΪΡ
֪ǧƷ꾧һӻáҶ
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ҶһְֻѪɺϣ۾ͷһƻ˿͸ѪɺС
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Ѫɫȥ沼Ѻ۵Ѫɺĩ
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Ҷ翴һ۴⣬ˣûм򵥻һӣϴһ裬뿪ƧԺӣݵͼעǰŷԷ
丮ֹȻܶࡣ
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ϽôһǧľɵΣ۸ƳʮȴôذڷţΪͨĲá
ҶҵһſӸո£һοŲ˵ǰ
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һѪѪߣϼʮҩݰƵģ۸񳬹ʮƷ꾧һ˸Բ
ҶǧƷ꾧Ҳݳ޵ĳԷһһ˰˿Ʒ꾧
ֲЩ˵Ĺ󣬹Ȼĵ
Ҷһ⿵ʳʱо㣬һů˳ź뵽ȫУ壬ž硣
ţֺһѪƵŨͬоУСϸеѪ֮
ÿ춼ŷԷƾ㲻ҲͻƵ޽ɡζһŷʳ棬Ҷᵽ丮ĵ̣ζس


61 һϰ
ϣȻƴ֣ոս丮ŷԷ渻ԣ
ҶԵĽζůʱһĶС
ɫۣ·ϢʵﵽʦŷؿҶ硣
о۾еĵ⣬ҶµһǰԼ鷳
֮ˣʮʮа˾Ѫ
丮Ͻ˽ͻ˫Ҫֻȥ곡У丮Ϸ֣ܵĳͷ
Сӣ˵꾧ܶ࣬ôǸԶٷɣ㽫źˣԺ㡣
Ҷ粢Լ˲ֱߵҶǰӸµؿƵ
ŷԷҲԣͿûˡҶеĿӣɫƽؿǶ˵
ȻйЦӵҶôսǣ
ǸӦս𣿡Ҷʵ
ȻѪɺҶûͻƾ磬ȴȱʧѪ䵽˳ɣټѪӡȫѹʦ
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˭һҶǬȡ˿Ʒ꾧ϣ̧ŷȥ
ģɣһϣҪҶĹȣһڵġĿҶıӰҧгݵ˵
ܺףСӦò򵥣һʱСĵ㣬ҪݵĿĿ˸ѵ
İɣġܺ׶ԼʵģԼҶ硣
곡丮Ψһ˽ĵط丮һƬ͵·
˳Ų̋ף߽޽¥ģĶ곡Ҷ緢֣곡Χŵǹì޴ȽǧѾͱ˼ǿӾ
곡룬ɵı䳡ʱ丮ڱ䳡ϼΧۡ
ϣҪȶ鷳Ͽű䳡߽곡ܺһ鲼ۣϢİ׷ǰ˵
ţǵɨһҶˣѵȶԣɱ֣򸮹洦á
˵꣬ϴƽƣű䳡
Сӣıȶǲ̫ˣǶĵͷô֪ܺҶթѪǧƷ꾧
ȻԣǾͶǧƷ꾧ôҶ΢΢̣һ˿˵

Ȼܺףɶ˺ӦƽʱĴƷ꾧ûô
ǲĵͷôưˣɫĶˣҶ⼥
ûôƷ꾧ܺײµҶԼĥ˵
ɨˣ˵ĶƷ꾧̫ҾͲˡҶ̾Ϣһɺ˵ܺ׶۾ֱ
ǶƷ꾧ܺһԼңҧ˵
Ʒ꾧湻ġҶҡҡͷ̾Ϣ˵
Сӣ㲻Ҫţһ޵ʱ򡣡Ҷĳܺ׵ķζըˣ޲ý˺ˡ
׼׼ˣעңͿԿʼȶˡ̺ؿһİҶ磬˵
׼ˡܺʹȭͷս߰˵Ʒ꾧˽ϣֱԾ˱䳡ϡ
ţôһˣ㲻һ𣿡Ҷ翴һԵĿɣʵ
ôҪͬʱս𣿡üͷһ壬Щʵ
ǶҲû뵽Ҷ˵ţȫȻǷȻս
һһ̫ʱ䣬ûʲôսԡҶ˵ͷˣҪϻˣһϰɣǣһҪȥ
ţ̫ˡ
ܺ׶ΪԼƽʱѾˣû뵽ҶǸţһɹŭǻ緢ˡ
ϣٿƷ꾧
ҶӶ񣬴ǬȡٿƷ꾧¶ɫĽϣһԾ˱䳡ϡ
Ȼǳȫ㡣ŭգɱȻĿŭһעϣԾ˱䳡ϡ
ҷģһڵġܺҧ˵
˵ţֻɢɫâĻ޸ֳǶ˵壬ǿѹȸǵϯҶ硣
Ҷ֮ĶĶҲ˶곡еĿע⣬һʱ䣬һжҶΪ˽㡣


62 ѹ
ô
ʱ곡һУһɫۣͦεӷҶ磬¶˹Ź֮ɫ
ӲǱˣҶ紩Խɽϴ٣õָӡ
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ܵܺ׶ͷŵǿѹȣҶϵɽ緢һ㶸Ȼͷ·һͷǱѾõĶǣ¶ɱȻ
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ϲ䣡Ҷ翴˲ᣬڵϵĿɣͷǿѹʵ
ң䡣
ɱҶˣܵϢѹȸУȫ䡣


63 Ѫ
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ոս丮
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ţոս丮Ҷ˵ͷ

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ʵٴҶûżþ鵤ߵ鵤ླ磬뿪˾סԺӣǰ׼ѡʺԼǿʵ


64 ضϽ޵н
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Ϊظо콣ڶϽ𣬶֮ǿᵽϢ
ת˲֮䣬һĿİ׹˫ۣһĽƴݿԺУԡ
ţһɻԵĽҶԺбˣͷŵԳһ𣬽Σ˲Ѫյľϣ


65 벽
һû
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãҶڻˡ
ΧϤľԼԼߵǱضϽҶ֪ԾԼԼûбǵɱ
Ȼһյ龰ҶȻ£²ѡ
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֪ڵԣʱӡеơҶҲΪƵԭѡΪԼı
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66 
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ѶԽԽҶΪ˽ԼǬȡ˳ɱ˵ؿռС
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Ҷʩչ벽ƣɱһʦʱش
ʦץסᣬѪжҲһ˿ٻ
ץסҶ˵Ļᣬǻۺܸߵʦͬʱʩչ꼼꼼һγһӰųβ͵ĻǣײҶ硣
Զʩչںϻ꼼վСʯ·ϵҶ޷ܣֻƾʵӲӡ
벽ƣơ
Ҷһճӭȥ
һ̶Ľ𣬳籡ĽƣµķâƥС
ͣһ
ʦʩչںϻ꼼벽ֱɢڰС
ǶӦһĽâ˸һ£Ƕ˵Դ˽ǵ
磬ͻưɡ
ȫɱˣҶ缸;ƿݣۿ֧Ųȥˡ
ʱѹƾ磬Ļ˲䱬ˣעȫеѪΪһ塣
һ̣һǿϢбƶʵڽ׳˾ƿͻƵ˶ʦ硣
ͻƣҶ缸ɺԵĻ˲ָ˴룬սҲ֮ʦѾв
ɱ
һҽԾĵˣҶ籩һ̤λӰɱΧУɱ¾
ֹ˴ԼСʱһ·ɱ¾Ҷ˵ؿռľͷһն˿ռƣ뵽ؿռС


68 ˵
ţ˱仯
ڴеȴϣ̷Ϸӳ׹⣬ĿͶ档
ˡ
赵ı仯̷ϣĩβ˽֡
ϣ˵лɣ㻹Ҷ𣿡̷¶˵Цݣʵ
⽪ʵǲҶ粻ǻûгҲҲܴ漣ϻ˵˵ȴࡣ
ϣ㲻ҪЦˣҲһδ󣬵һʦʵ;ܵ񡣡̷Ϸ
ĵȴɡһ˵
Լһӹַ˱仯ٽһ˵ʮ
ţ˳ˡ
起仯һƺͻȻڼžĴһӰƹзɳǱˤڱĵϡ

Ѫ·صڵϵĽ̷üͷһ£ΪҶȽ󣬿ʵȴȻͬ
ʮڵˡ
øɾѪڵϵʱ¶˷ܵЦݡ
ţҶأȥˡ
ȷԼ񣬽ѰҶӰҪݺݵش̼ȴڴС
̷ϣ֪ҶȥˣѯΪ̷֤ϡ
Ҷлûг̷˵
ʲôʵôܼôáɫʱˣŵ˵
ĳɼǿң϶ĳطʱ䡣ɫĽϵذοԼ
ˣ
ڽҰοʱһĿİ׹ӳ˳ĩβٴη˱仯
һý̷ϵ޷ŵֳ赵ĩβλá
ܣⲻġ
ϲõȻ޴棬ʹ۾޷ǰʵвһ˿
Ҷ磬ˡ
ϵ뽪Ȼ෴ҶԵΪҶеˡ
̷ϣû˵ɣҶһһľϲЦ˵
ϣ۹ⶾҶ츳³˸£ַġ̷һס𾪣͵
ţַ仯ˡ
϶̸Ҷʱַ˱仯Ҷɼٽһ˽˵ʮ
ⲻģһΣô
뵽ԼҶĶԼвǿҵĲһ亹˳Ķͷ
ʱؿռУҶԡѪļʦսһΪ˻ɱˣҶ罫ޣںϣﵽǧ֮
Ѫӡ
ҶֿٴһӵӡһֻѪ˲仯һöѪɫĴӡֱӽļʦˡ
ţг˵һĽâ籼ףֱļʦ壬ɱ
ɱһļʦҶѹ轵һƽ˱Ѫӡ˵ļʦ֮
أ
˺۵ļʦ⵽ҶǿѺۣǧ֮ӿʱʹİһӱһŹɢڿС
ĲռѶȹȻܴ󡣡
һ·ɱؿռа벿Ҷ˴ĻĥҶԽƵһΣλӰ⾳֮衣
λӰ⾳֮ΪӰ֮⾳ֻӰ֮⾳УٶӰӣλӰһؾ硣
ಣ
Ҷһٶ˼ĳ̶ȣխʯ·תŲƣһܿһ͵Ϯļʦ
ҶƶٶԽԽ죬ԽԽԼһӰ
Ӱĳ֣Ҷƶٶȣܿļʦ
Ҷ̤λӰٵʯ·ͷ쭶ȥʱͻȻǿҵΣոоתȦܿһٶȼǹӰ
弶ʦ
ֳֺɫǹԼȥ·ĺӣҶ¶֮ɫӺɢϢʵﵽ弶ʦ硣
ȫʢʱڣĻɱ弶ʦʱ˿̣أ޷ǿʵ
Ҫǣ·׷ļʦס·ˡ
սɣ
ǿУҶ籬ǰδеս⣬߰ıһҵķɼŴ̶ƿԼٶȱƽ弶ʦ
һˮкذĽâȵĿ쾪ףһˡ


69 
벽ơ
һǽƣﵽֲĽžâݺݵնص弶ʦ
ǰâ弶ʦû㣬ӭնĽâ̳۷һǹɫǹצĳȥ
䣡
ǿײһˣǿҶ˫۷飬ʧأ˺󷽡
Ӳ벽ƣ弶ʦҲܣµİ벽͸ɫǹᴩֱУֱ˺ѳѺۣһعǵĽ۳ؿڴ
ҶʱһļʦͻȻſ»ȭͷݺݵĺϡ
Ҷ罫⾳ɾ磬һȭˣʧȥս
⵽ػҶһѪȫѪҵطдϢĻᣬʦɱ˹
վҶ罫ʯϣϧ۵ĵڽʣĻʩչ벽ƣ۳һƻ˵Ľâķ
ʱҶԡѪսޣηֻ֪ɱ¾ڼ񹥻£ΧĻʦϱˡ
Ľâƿǵǵ壬ܿ죬ݺύĽۡ
κΣΧĻʦ̫࣬ٽǶȵĹҶ壬ܿ죬Ҷ岼ѪѪϵ·Ⱦˡ
ɣ
Ҷץסļʦâ˵ʱͻȻѣһģĲӰٶȣһһ㲻ļʦ塣
ͻϮɹҶ˺ѵȱڣѣڷɱļʦҲľһƻ˱ʯʧؿռС
ʮûпɣһδ󣬾Ȼɱǰʮһ𣿡
Ҷɱļʦַ˱仯ٽɱǰʮ˵ʮ
˵Ҷĳɼ丮ļ¼δ˵һδ󣬾ʹǰʮ
ܣܣⲻģô޷ʵš
Ҷһ츳Գ˸£ַġĿҶ羪޵ĳɼ̷ϲɵõһ޵
չ¶ʵ츳̷ȫţòһ꣬ܳǰʮ
Ҫǣֻʮ꣬Сһˡ
˱ҶʱѪҶƹе˳
֪һǧʮ߷֣ŵҶ򵥻ָһĵĻڵ˴С
ڳˡ
ŻѪ޵Ҷ磬¶˾η֮ɫ
磬ͻƾˡϷҶľ仯Ծʵ
ţͻ˾硣Ҷ˵ͷǫ˵ĿͶ˽Ŀؿ˵õˣһָһ£Ǿȥ곡ԡ
δ̫أ޷бˡӲͷƤ˵
ÿ֮ʵ඼ܴ󣬽ŵʮҶȴǰʮ֮޴ʵࡣ
ʱҶԣŰûʲôӦս
ôˣҶ΢΢̣¶һĨɭȻЦݣ˵
ҶմȾѪգ˫͸Ѫ֮ɫˣʮֺԼ³çĻҶ硣
Ҷ磬ҳʵ㣬ȶ˰ɡҧҧ˸߹ͷ­䡣
㲻ôûְɣİȥˣҸոǻ̷֤㲻˰ɡ
ҶȴŹͱ˵˵
丮ȷ涨ΥԼҪ⳥ԷƷ꾧ġ̷ϻ˹˵
Ʒ꾧ҳ뵽Ҷһ˿ս⣬ҪǣҶ˻º֣ԹóƷ꾧Ҷ硣
ϣ̷ϣһȥˡ
ȻûԸѵƷ꾧Ҷ˵ҪƷ꾧սǬҶת뿪ˡ
Ҷ뿪ûãĳɼ丮ըˣû˲֪֡
磬ϢҶһδ󣬾ɱʮƽٿƷ꾧֪ҶĳɼѪҰеزһʱסСԺ
Ѿ֪ˡ˵ͷ䲻ȵ˵޷ĵʵ뷨
磬СӶǵв̫ˣǱҪǵͷ󻼡Ѫ˵
ôͳĽѵҶ츳Ѿע⣬ʱԸǼʯͷ
ô죬ܲɳɡѪвʵ˵
ȥһ˶磬а취𣿡˼һ˵˫֣ǰסԺӣԸҶļƻ


70 µŮ
ڵҹǳڿУ°Χǹ¹ںһԶԶȥޱ޼ʵӡ
СʱϢҶȫָĵĻƣ
֪ڵ״̬лᴳؿռ𣿡ָ۷״̬Ҷоȫ
Ҫǣеĥڲĵȫʧʱþ鵤ɷǿҩЧ
򵥳˵㶫ӣҶ̤¹ǰߣþ鵤һʱ䡣
Ҷ֮ѡȥѹصпޣѡЧõľΪеѹǿн鵤ҩѹУླ硣
λϣռ
Ҷ̤źҹʱһĿݣźɫ۵ſڣǰ˵
ռ䡣³̧ƵƤӣһҶ磬ѵˣҪøԶʦ磬ȥռ
ϣĳѹȡҶȻ粻ߣ⾳ɾ磬˵Ҫһĵ޽
УҲ֣ʵֻȥһ߶ռ߲Ϊؾܾ
Ҷʦ֣ոյڷܰ
ҶЩգȰ˵³ϷԼȥռʱһɫĹյĸˣںڳɢ˫磬پµķ˽
Ҷ磿
Ļ³üͷһ£Ҷ΢΢ر仯
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ţ볤ҽؿռҶ˵ͷ
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ҳǿ𣿡ҶӣЦ˵
ľȥؿռҶ¶ţ뵽ոյĴѶ֪ͨ³һ顣
ţ볤ϳȫҶ˵ͷ˵
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ףҲԼЦġҶͷ֤
ؿռÿһҪʮƷ꾧׼á³ѯʵ
ţʮɡҶ˼һ£ٿƷ꾧˺³ϡ
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쵹һߵ߲ռʮ죬ʲôܣ᲻ֱӱѡ
ң
˵ţ³ϴҶ磬˳һ߻Ұʯ·뵽زؿռ⡣
һСģҪǿĵĺ³ֶһ
ллһСĵġҶһ˵
˵꣬Խһɴ۶ɵĹţ뵽ߵؿռС
뵽УҶ緢ĹЩҰδϸ۲죬˲еһɿֲѹǵӿϯȫ
أ
⧲£Ҷ˫΢΢һϥǺݺݵ˵ϣȫļҵزš
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ҪҶ罫⾳ɾ磬ѹɴݻ壬ɷĩ
ﲻӦĵط뿪
Ҷһתѹȣ޸ʱһͻȻĶС
˳ԴҶѵ̧ͷϡĿһڰĽУϥһˡ
Ҷģʱ΢΢ЩԾΪ֣˾ȻһŮġ
ÿµŮˡ
Ȼ߻ҰҶ绹ظоŮȫӦߵ߲ռѹ
ҿԼ֡
ҶЩǿ˵ǿɽѹѵϥڴ
ϥãҶ罫Ԥõһž鵤Уʱҩͷų籼ӿĳˮӿС
ۣ˺ѷεۡ
鵤ǾƷҩ̺ҩΪ£Ҷǿн񱩵ҩѹʱо·һĸ롣
ټѹȣ˫ʹ
֣һԼס
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ߣ
Ҷ粻ԼȰ˵ִŮӲܿ뵽״̬С


71 ʦ
һСʱˣҶ羹Ȼļˣһ״̬̫˼ˡ
³ϲҶİΣһֱؿռػ͸һ⾵ѪҶɮ붨һ㣬ſµѹ뵽״̬ʱ¶˲˼֮ɫ
丮ļ񵽱ˡ³¶˵ЦݣٵҶ簲Σת뿪ˡ
ʱҶȻǿн뵽״̬ʹȻûмᣬȫļһδαµѹ˺ѣһδαת޸
˺ѣ޸֮䣬ҶǿȻţҲС
ʹȣҶǿдʹӵǿҡ
Ҷµѹÿһν鵤ҩ͸Уһĵĸо۵ȥ
͸ҩԽԽֲ࣬ҩĴķΣ˺ľ´Ѫ͸
˵ҶٶʮֵĴ󵨣ȫѪ̣ǲᶨܹһ񣬱
ѪҶеʱһų⣬忪ʼɱ䡣
ţȻˡ
Ůû뵽Ҷʦʵѹ¼һʱ˳¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ϊ޽ʱ׽뵽ҶʦˣҶһ˿Ȥ
ʱһȥһִֵҶ罥Ӧָǿʹĥ˳Ľ뵽ڤ״̬С
ޣҶ罫鵤ҩȫУƳʣҵɱ䡣
Ҷ罫鵤ҩȫмϣͻƵʦ磬ȴླɳ̶ȣǺεȵѡ
֮
ҶĬĬӦһı仯ϲķ֣һǧ֮֮ս
޻ʱ䣬Ҷûмǿž޴Ŀռѹѵվ뿪ߵؿռ䡣
Ҷ뿪ʱһֱںڰĺŮ۾ɨһֽۣ뵽״̬С
뿪ߣҶоȫļѹ޵ĻתٶСɣеᵽĺôᶨ˼ͷ
Ҷ磬ôǰˣôֲס𣿡
³ϿҶǰгˣ¶˵Цʵ
ô˵³֪ʦ磬ؿռʱ䣬Դ丮ļ¼
ǣ׼ʮ졣
ҶҡҡͷǬó߰ʮƷ꾧˺³ϡ
ʮ죬ܳؿռѹ³üͷһƣ¶˾֮ɫ񿴹һ㿴
޷󣬽жʦҶ磬ôôµ
ţһӦߵؿռѹҶ˵ͷ˵
ãɡ
³ϷҶ缸ۣȻûϢȴǿ˲٣еľȸǿˡ
лϡ
˵꣬Ҷת뿪ٴλصؿռС
ţôֻˡ
ոս״̬ĺŮӣͻȻ֣Ҷȥ¶һ˿֮ɫ
оŮڰй۲ԼҶӦһЦݣǬȡڶž鵤̵˶УŴʹ
ʱһȥյľ鵤ҩԽԽ࣬Ҷ೤еѪ֮øǿһ㱡Ƥ棬ѹȡ
ԼʮʱҶǿѹǿнڶž鵤ҩȫУླĳɳ̶ȣﵽ˾˵ǧ֮
ľҲ֮ڲ֪бͻƵıԵ

Ҷյ˫³һԶϢ棬ླСɵı֡
ླɾ磬֮䣬κ˰ƣ产ˡ
Ҫ뽫ླϾ磬ڹƲˡ
ȻҶ绹һž鵤ž鵤Ծ鵤ǿҵĿҩԣ֮£ƷҩԪ˳׼ʦ硣
Ҷ򵥳˵㶫˶ӣԪǬȡ̵˶Уתɻ
Ϊ˴¼ʵĸͻƱԵҶûżͻƾ磬ǲϵѹƾ磬ȴ
ڣҶߵؿռʮʱʱȫ˵ԪҩлȻȻͻ˾磬ﵽʦ硣


72 Ҳû
һȫ̾Ҷ˶ʮĿޡ
뿪ʱһϥںڰУ渡ŵĺŮӣʵеһ˿Ծ
丮ȻԻڵҾ㶯ð벽ƣҲĶ֡ҶҡҡͷĿɲĺŮߣ뿪ߡ
ţѩǸʲô
Ҷ±ߵСԺȥʱĸ֪ѩϢԼԺ⡣
˼ѩİϢһǴﵽʦ硣
ѩ㲻ҪҶͷѱﲻ㡣һ·ͦΣ۾ݽеɫԵؿĸĶ˵ļѩ˵
ϹԶ㲻ҪҾȥ̷״ȵɫɷ׵ļѩ
ңʲôϹԶ¶һ˿Цݵϲ㣬ѵ׷̷Ҳܣ
ѩڸһᣬԹҵŮˣźˣұ֤û鷳
㣬޳ܣҾӦģİɡ
ѩȦ죬ϹԶʦʮĸ֣Ƕ֡
ӦϹԶ¶һ˿Цݵ֪Ӧĺ
Һ֪Ӧʲô
ȼѩ˵һ̹ǵϹԶĶУ˳ԴϹԶҶ̤ŹеĲһˡ
Ҷ硣
ϹԶû뵽ҶˣܵɢѹȸУϹԶͫһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ôưˣ㻰ңӦĺʲô
ȻҶ粻뼧ѩʲôϸ𣬵Ҳżѩ۸
оѩ۸ܿԼǣ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪΪ񣬾ͿԲ˷ˣ㣬ӻû
ҲûҶЦһһͻȻϹԶ
ڿϹԶ׾ʱҶȫˣǧ֮ȫȭͷУһȭϹԶؿڡ
ϹԶû뵽Ҷ絨ôӸ湫Ȼ֣æ˫ƻؿڣҶһȭ
䣡
ȭһɿֲˣǿϹԶ˫۷飬ѪӲܿƵˡ
Ҷˣ֪Ӹ棬Ȼֵ³ϹԶѸתɢֱĸо
ָƻꡣ
ҶûϹԶľ棬ʳָһ㣬һһһָ߳âߣһŤϹԶ
Ҷ磬㻹ס֣ٲ֣ͣݹҶ㲻ϹԶ̤˲ϲܿƻָ߳ŭĴ
ͬ飬ҲûǵҶͻȻ֣һʱסˡ
λӰ
ϹԶܵ˲䣬ҶһһͳϹԶǰ
Ҷ磬Ȼҳȫ㡣
ϹԶҶͱ˵ĹƼŭһֻӰֳ塣
ں޺ܣϹԶʵڽںϽС
ߡ
ϹԶӿնһӰ߳ƺˣը˲ǿҶ硣
֮ơ
ϹԶʩչĻ꼼Ҷûܣڻںһ𣬱֮ӭȥ
䣡
һװҶԵӲϹԶʩչ鼶Ʒ꼼ߡ
һǿķ֮ǶΪģٵӣüѩĺˡ
ʲô
ĿҶֿȭߵһĻϹԶˡ
Ϊʮĸ֣ϹԶԼʵǺŵģ޷Ųһʱ䣬ҶӵжԿԼʵ
Ծ֮ʣͻȻҶԼǰʧˡ
һ̣оΣգܵҪܣȡ
ܵ˲䣬оһֻĴֿסĲӣֲ˲ѹܲһ㽫һˤݺݵ˵ϣҳһӡ
ϹԶˤ߻ʱоԼĽֱҶץסУֺݺݵ˵ϣѪʳ
סס֡ȫɢһ㣬ʹѵϹԶˣʹغٲס֣һȥ̷״
״ҶЦһȣֻ֡
̷ϻĻ𣿡ѪϹԶ۾˸ŵ׹⣬ŭ˵
̷ŲţһҪǵãµȥùľҡҶЦ˵丮Ϊһûõķϳ𣿡
㡭
ȻϹԶ뷴֪Ҷ˵ʵ飬Ҷ羪츳ֵ󣬵ùĺܿԼ
ݣ
֮£ϹԶֻҧʣͬ£뿪ˡ


73 ½֮Ԩ
磬лл㡣
ѩҶʵȫû뵽Ҷ丮һ£ͻʮϹԶ
ʱвôһ˿ڣڵҶƣ˺뵽һġʦһ˿ڼ˲١
ûʲô㲻طϣΪңǲ㡣ҶҡҡͷĮȻ˵
磬үүҶҸӾ仰Ҫ㣬Ӧһ㡣ѩҶĮӣҧһ˵ĺ촽˵
ллʱһȥһҶҵġҶ˵ͷ˵ˣ㡣
Ҷ罫ʣµǿŶõľ鵤˳͸˼ѩ
磬̫ˣҲҪҶľ鵤ѩ۾͸˸֮ɫƴǵ
ܱһʱһҪ벻۸Ҫʵ˵ţҶ罫鵤ǿ˼ѩỬСУתص˾סСԺ
Ҷ磬лл㡣ĿҶȥıӰѩİٸнû뵽ԼԭһֱδҶ硣
ڵʵð벽ƣ֪ܷһ޽һս
ոϹԶһսҶ˿޳ɹͻƵʦ磬ླĳɾȫʵͨʦ
ð벽ƣҶоԼӦÿһ޽һսܷ֣ܶҪսļ顣
ƻʱ֣бͷˮɽɫ֯һƮŵĻ棬ޱȡ
ϢʱҶָѵ״̬һ۴ŲʵϦҶңҲûȥˡ
ҶҶûκεĸ飬常Ҷ裬ȴмĸ飬ҶСҲûڵҶ硣
ҶͻȻҶһֱģλҶңƱҪʳ࣬Ϊɽ常ѩޡ
ϣһϽʳǣ֪ܽһֻ𣿡Ҷ̤Ϧҵϣ娛
ȻԡʮʹشӦ
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Ҷѩ˵Ҫһ
ҶĿƽؿҶ崨䲻ȵʵ
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š
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74 ľ
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ҶḧŰɫľͷо·Լϵһ⣬ԼѪܲɷ֡
磬Цľͷо꣬ȴûзر֮ϣȴܷܲ򵥡
ԭϣ㲻ҪڲŽ㡣ŰɫľͷиֳĽ֣Ҷ崨ҡҡͷ˵
ܽңҾͺܸмˡҶ絭˵ҶҴ˴ҶңһҪҪ㡣
ǲ常򡣡Ҷ崨˵
ǣҺ֪常ôġҶ˵ͷ˵ҾţͻȻ
常Ҷ˶෽ĵ飬Ҳʬ˽ʣжµıСҶ崨̾Ϣһ
жҶɫһ۾бɫҶ֪常еʲôлɶ𣿡
ֻǵƲ⣬޷ȷǷжˡڻɶܶ࣬ûȷе֤ݡҶ崨ҡҡͷ˵
Ҷ֪Ļɶ˭Ҷ˼һ£ʵ
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ң常޹أһѪծѪ㽪ϽʧҶ۾͸˺֮ɫɱȻ˵

ݿɿϢҶڽҹһҶңһСʱ뿪ˡ
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͸ȥҶ˼һ£ҧָ˰ɫľͷϣѪͨ

һΣҶظоɫľͷвһԼѪҺԴԴľͷС
ŰɫľͷɵѪҺԽԽ֮࣬ĸӦԽԽܡ
ʧ˴ѪҺҶԺвһ˿ѣθУѪ̣֧Ųסɫľͷɡ
Լһʱ䣬ɫľͷͻȻӳĿĽ⣬ͻȻڽҶС
һ̣ɻԶ˷ӦԺнֳɫľͷʵ
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ҶõһľԷľľؼһһĹ屦棬Ծ½𶷻½ϵŽ
ҵʲôָճͱӣô챦ҶԽоԼ򵥡
֪˻ľҶ羲ľ
ܽľڽ壬лؼΪеĻ֮ʵĸ
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ȻҶ丮ļ¼ӵ˿һ޽ʵ֪ԶԶ丮Դޡ
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75 س
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ѶȲͬ¥еΪԼ
丮Լ͵ѶԵͣҲԽ١
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丮ҶԶ½翵˽⣬һ弶޽֮ܳΪһƷš
ƽУȻһƷŵҶ絹һѶȸе˳Ծ
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ڳϵĻֿµݣ񻺺һЩ
š
ˣǲҪʱˣسգֻҪСĽĬϣժ֥˳ġڳϺҶʧȥʱߴٵ
ľǰسֿĿƵؿҶ磬ʵ
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Ǻðɣߡ
Ҷŵģֿû˵ʲôҶһԾ𣚣뿪丮
Ҷ磬ټˡ
ԽԽԶʧߣڳ¶Цݣ


76 ɽ丮
ǰسˡ
ھ֮ϼٷʱڰʱ֣ɵسϿա
Ũ
ҶվԶԶȥسһŨŨУ޷ۿò
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ã
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ড
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͸գҶ翴һֻͨɫ𯻹ҪĽӥȶž޴ĳһ⼱ٵķ
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77 Ӱ
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Ҷ磬㹥ˣʦ޽֮Ĳ༫󣬸޷ֲֿҶʵȻ̫š
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78 ɱȻ
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ˡ
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һ̣ҶɱȻ


79 նֱ
ʦ㣬꽻ˡ
˲Ҷ̤λӰЯǿѹȸУͻȻʵǿ귢

꿴ҶϮǬȡһƣﵽƷȼĳƣؿڡ
ΪһشҶ磬꼸ǿһ縡ֳŹ
Сģ
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֪ȥ곡ȶǱȴĳɼҶЦһʾʵ
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ҶţţһֱѰֻᣬҶЩƣ¶ϷʵЦݡ
ãҴӦ㡣Ҷ˵ͷһڴӦ
Σû⵱עΪҪ׻֮ģΪһ档
ȶΣҶЦʵ
Ȼԣ
ϣһỹЦóɫ˵ȥ
磬ĵˣĺֿܱҶǷĲĵ˵Ҷ߽С
ҶĶĶ˲˶෽עһʱ䣬Ϊ
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85 ɱٶ
֪ڵʵԴؿռ䡣
ҶվڻУǰãã𺣺͹̵ҽɢһǿҵս⡣
䣡
Ҷһҵķɼ˻У̤Ź̵ʯ·Լٶȥ
ء
Ҷһ˲䣬һſȵĻɳ˹̵ҽҶ硣
ȻûӰʱҶָһ㣬һǹָâֱӽһſŻɢڰС
ͻƵ弶ʦ磬һռеĵ˶κεвҶһɱУɨҶ㽫һҽеĵ˻ɱ
һʱ䣬ս߰Ҷɱ˵һؿռĵˣƽƣ뵽˵ڶؿռС
ڶؿռʵȻ޷Ҷ繹вһ͸ǿָâȵĿռ䣬ϵɱһʦˡ
ֹһʱ䣬֮Ҷ뵽˵ռС
ʱ䣬ռ䣬Ⱦ˵ɱУٶȾס
˵Ҷ˭һЩ
Ҷ磬ֿⴳʱۼе丮۷׷
ҾûһЩϾһ޽֣˵һֻ̤޽磬ʱͻƵĿܡ
Ҷţţ֮仹о޴ʵ࣬ҶԱȲ⡣
٣ǾҶ³ç֮ҵս⣬϶ʮİգҿǰʮҪˡ
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ˣҶˣʮʮʮ
Ҷ赵ڼ̵ʱڲϵر仯丮һѣʱ̾
ʮһôܣСˣ⻹һСʱôܻô֡ѪŵؿҶٱ仯Σɵ
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ԽԽӣһװͻȻɫϾ̷ϣһͬˡ
̷ϣҶ˲һСʱɱ˶ʮһһסѪ״
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ս߰ԡѪսҶɱؿռа벿ʱ˾޴һ޽һ֣ͬΧ֮ơ
Ȼеһ޽ʵǿԶԶ⣬żȻҶ˲С鷳
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һƥ˺ѵһ޽ֵԴҶŷĽͬʱʬĵڵϣΪޡ
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ʶҶ羪˵е丮ӶľˣѾ֪ʲôҶˡ
ڽؿռˣ֪ڵĻ֣ŵ˶Ҷһȭƽƣ뵽ؿռС
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Ҷ緢ֵؿռٲȻһ¯ռȼܻ档
ţ޽֡
Ҷתǿȣռϯʱڹ֮УϢµĸ֡
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ͬʱ޽սѶȿ֪Ҷȴû͵һǬǱصĶϽȡ˳̤λӰûһٶӰɱ˹ȥ


86 ڰ
ƣ
Ҷ罫ע뵽ϽУһâ籡
ʴɵĶϽҶŷĽ¡
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λӰ
â˲䣬Ҷ̤λӰǿ͸˹ƽˡ
ҶͻȻֳֳǹͭĶ޽ͬʱ֣ߵĴҶ硣
ͣ
ҶؿڱǹͭУȴû¶κʹ֮ɫ
һ̣еҶŤˣڹ˳£ɢ
ٶȲӰ
ؼʱҶ罫λӰӵ£۳һٶȲӰƭ˶ˡ

ʱҶ籬ŨŨѪ֮б
Ҷ罫֮ѹ£һƥеĿֲȭâ֮ըӿһȭһ޽ؿڣһȭ˳ȥ
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⵽Ҷ緢޽ûܣӭҶӶشǧشҶԴҪͬھ
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Ľâ£ݺݵ壬ֱӽ֮飬ɢڰС
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Ѱҵᣬɱ˵޽ʱַ˱仯Ļֳɹ⣬ǰʮ
£̫ˣҶڶδ󣬾ʹǰʮִ丮һոµļ¼
ĿҶ紳ǰʮһĻžĴ
ڳˣҶ羪˵ʵ۷
ܣⲻģġ
Ѫɴ˫ۣ͵ؿҶȡ⣬Ϊʮĸ֣еһβǿҵĿ־С

ҶԵȭ˺۵޽ٴ籡ֲĽƣڽ˶ϽУ˾âƿǶ˵ķնǶ˵Դ
ʣ
ɱˣҶԣҪླɾ磬ϱԴԴϻָĵĻͼֲסˡ
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Ҷ˾޴ٴα˵ɱ˽ʣ޽֡
ԼʱҶƴȫնɱ˶ˡ
ٽһԽھŵֿ˵ھ
ѶԽԽˡ
ƴɱ޽֣Ҷ缸ľ˰˳ɻҪһʱ䣬ûָʱӰӡ뵽
о˵ʵҶ˴أΪ֣һɫ޽֡
Ȼеĵ޽ʵԶԶ磬Ҷأ˲ᣬټ˵ʵļޣ֪Լ췦ˡ
֪Խ֮Իɱһ𣿡
ҶһʯУ׼ս޽
ಣ
Ҷһҵķɼɱ޽֡
һ֣ͼʶ˵Ŀ£ǱƣѪֱ۷飬Ʊȫѹơ
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ۿҶ֧ҧȫޣ߸ߵԾ𣬺ƴһȭУΨһȭͷ޽
䣡
˵ȭͷһ˵ķ֮ǶͬʱһѪ
ƣ𡣡
Ҷǿǿס壬޽ַǰֳַĶϽԼĹ
ھѹ£Ҷ緢ӳʮɹټ϶ϽĽâž˵ƻ˿һնʧص޽Դϡ
ͣ
޽ƣԴҶһ屬ˡ
屬һ˲䣬Ҷ˱ʯ壬ʧؿռС
ĳɼնڵڰ


87 Ϲ
Ҷˡ
һѪɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ҷڵ߳е丮Ͷȥ˾η
ǿߣġ
ڰ
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷϵϲϲϥڵϣĬĬתɻָĵĻ
ԼһСʱһƺ𣬻أЩǱĵƹţˤ˵ϡ
򵥻ָһ£ӵ˴УҶԼڴϥϢʱ΢΢̣һ˿Ц
Ҷ磬ôôģĹʺ˵ͷˡմմϲûȥ룬ԼĳɼԶҶ磬ߵǰſ˵
⻰䣬е丮¶˹ЦݣвֱЦ
⣬Ϲ𣿡ָҶ۾żԼ⣬˵
š
ΧһϷʵҶһ˿ɣŤӣĿͶʱ˷·⵽׻һƬհס
һ𾪣԰׵ӿ֣ȫס
⣬ⲻܣʵôܴڰһˡعҶĳɼ
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ʱ˿̣Ȼţ弶ʦҶ磬ʵǿԼҪǣһµĵơ
ʱһһϢ֮ʣֿҲ˴뿪
ڰ
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ǰֿѾ߹ҶɼˣҶճɼ֣Լǵ͹ˡ
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߰ɣȥ곡ɡ
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İ̷ϣҲɱġ۾˸ŵ׹⣬ĿɫƽҶ磬˵
˵꣬͵һǬһҫɫ¹⣬ﵽƷȼˮµ˳
ˮµ˼֣һֻӴīɫͷɢŵɫľỺظֳ塣
̷ϣԿʼ𣿡
ܵɢƣҶһ޼᲻ݵʯվԭһϲʵ
Ҷ磬㲻̷ϿųֿȭҶ磬ʵ
ԸҲòҶԵ˵ֻɫڣͷϱ
Ҷ磬ϣһᣬ㻹ôɫ˵Ѿ̲סҪˡ
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ôܣôôǿ
ֱ۷ɫ䣬޷弶ʦҶ磬Լʮ
Ѫӡ
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ⷴӦ죬󳷵ͬʱ͵նˮµһƿѪӡ
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ܵҶһȭĿ£Ȿܵؽˮµؿڽз
أ
ˮµ⵽Ҷǿһȭٴβǿķ֮ݺݵײؿϣ塣
һѪڵϣѪ߰ߡ


88 עʧ
ˣҶֿȭˡ
Ҷʵ̫̬ˣͻƵһ޽磬֪ǿʲô̶ȡ
ĿҶһȭѪһĻΧڶ곡Χ丮۷׷ס
޻ס
ɫ԰׵ӲøɾѪ޾ḡֳ壬۳ɫĿףȫķ
޻ǵ޽յһͨ޻׺ӦģĻҲԡ
絶
ⱩһֳˮµҶ緢ҵعһĵâһϯҶ硣
λӰ
ۿҶҪʩչĿ絶֣Ҷһ˲ûһٶӰӡ
䣡
絶ն䣬Ҷֱûڿ絶Ӱ£ʧ
δˣͻȻоǿҵΣոоܵҪܡ
ܵһ˲䣬Ҷ罫ѹµȭͷݺݵغϣӲ˸ȫ޻ף塣
ӰǶٶȣȻ۳ٶȲӰ
ĿҶһ˲䣬ٶȲӰƭ⣬һȭ˵һĻ곡ը˹
Ҷʵȫǡ
絶
ǿѹƷѪֳˮµҶ緢һʱ䣬곡ݺᣬĿϾӡ
⣬Ĺʵ̫ˡ
ⷢķƣҶ粢ţ̤ԴеλӰܿһĵâ塣
꣡
Ҷһ㣬һָâŹ⡣
ۣ
⧲£ؿڱָУָâ޻ףһۡ
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ѪȪһ㣬ؿڴ˳
̫ǿˣҶʵ̫ǿˣƵġ
ǰ췦ˣٱȥֻȡ衣
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۾Ѫ죬ɢſϢһֳӰҶ緢ҹ
ǿ޽磬۹ǹٶȶһĵâϵն䣬Ҷڽڰˡ
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µĿ絶âҶͫΣյ״͵һǬϽһ˳
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ƣǽơ
̷ϣ϶Ǽʶ֮ˣҶһ̺ŽƵζɫͬʱˡ
ΪǳڽõĸǬףû򽣿Ľơ
˵ƵĽͣպһǾ׵Ĵ
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ҶһӳһֲĽâһƵ쵶âɫ⡣
ͣ
ֻǰһһ̣ұ۱â̴Ѫֱܵ壬ˮµһڵϡ

ұ۱Ҷһն۵ⷢ˺ѷΰİѪڶϱ۴罦Ⱦ˵档
⣬עʧߡ
Ҷ翴Ŷϱۣʹధ⣬ûһ˿һ֮ɫһ仰תԾ˱䳡һ˫˫ηע£뿪ˡ


89 ı
ʲôڶ곡ȶնұۡ
丮һľԺУѪվһĲߣ쳣ǿ׳ɢǿѹȸеǰֵ̿
ӣĸ֣嶥
ʲô˸ɵġɫ˵۾͸}˵Ŀ⣬˲
ҶɵġѪһһʮĽ龭˳
Ҷ磡ڰˣ
֪Ҷ弶ʦ磬ڰľɫøѿ
ҶȻһͳ˵
磬ֻܶԸˣɳ»ͷ󻼡Ѫİ
ΪҶôöɸֵ˵츳;丮ˣ˽Զ֣ȴǵĽ丮ĳͷ
ô죿ѵĳôˡѪĵ˵
Ȼܾôˡ˵ȹ죬Ȼʰ
ʱһȥ
ҶĿ֮£նұۣ˷丮û˸鷳
ҶʱУһֱھʦ硣
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ʹˡ
ëӳ񷣬չ߰Ļ뵽УδǬףʮλϣϷ׷µӭʹߵĵ
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Ǭأû丮𣿡
һɫۣ۾ݽУɢŵѹɨһۻˣ°ʵ
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ʹ߸ոס£ѪסСԺһϢ
ңȥݼɽʦ֡΢̣һ˿⣬׼ɽ֣֮ԸҶ硣

ݼʦ֡
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ʦ֣֪㿴ôӻóһŮ񣬵ݸɽУʵ
šɽд򿪻һ˲䣬ҡ۾бȵĿ⣬ʵ˭
мѩųϽʳһŮ丮֪ʦֶȤ𣿡񲻻ʵ
ȷʵȤҶʵĿͬȤңǵڰɡɽĿؿ񣬵
ʵʦְҶԸһˣѩǸ˵Ůˡ
ͼӴ׵ĽҶ֮ĳͻ˳
岻ôûѪ԰ɣⱻնұ۵ĳ岻ұɽ˵
Ҷ丮صܸʵڲҶб
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ȻɽԼǹʹ˼ȷʵûн丮
ټѩһۣͱɵò׵޲׽úƷζζ
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лʦ֡ϲɫ˵
ңǼѩסھȥ׽׽ɽɺ촽ɫԵʵ
סڡ񽫼ѩסϸĸɽС
ˣ֪ˡ
˵꣬ſɽǰ˼ѩסԺӡ
Ҷ磬ҿô죬ҶԸ㣬ܶԸ㣬ҪôԸɽУôݺݵز
ĿɽȥıӰ¶һ˿֮ɫóѶ飬˵˼ĸȥ


90 ɽеѹ
Ҷʦ֣ˣǿд뼧ѩסԺӣͼ
һֱھոմƿҶ磬ͻȻһĴѡ
˭
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ңĽҶʦֵ丮ӡ
ҶһӺһЩ͵˵
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Ǹոգһǿ˺˼ʦԺеƣԺУüʦŮˡǿѹĵĻ֣̿Ͱ͵˵
š˵˭ѵ丮棿
ȻҶӾŵɫвһ˿ɣȴûлĻ
ңҲ֪ҡͷ
ѵˣ
뵽ѩ丮һֱܵ͵˹ܿԼǣǸ˼п֡
治ӦôӦ뼧ѩǳϷ
Ҷ̾ϢһǵǳϷѩͽΣգҲԼ˼鷳
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̫̫ˡ
ȻҶոûɢǿƣվǰȴо޴ѹ͸亹·ʪ͸ˡ

ļѩͻȻԺƱǿ˺ѣ
Ժʱһý˿֯ɵϹ֮ɫĿȵشԼĿⲻԼɨӡ
ʲôˣΪʲôǿƻԺƣôҵСԺѵ丮𣿡ѩʮַɽеľ
棿ɽ¶һ˿мЦݣ˵Ҳ丮ˣ丮ãҲָ˾㣬ǬڴˣҲӡ
㣬㵽˭
ѩɽпĻĲӵǿң򶨵ʵ
õˣүүóϡɽЩ԰ĵݱ
ǽ쵽ʹߡ
֪ɽеݣѩɫӵĲ԰ףУѩᵽΣյϢ
ҽ㣬һĻԵɽ¶ЦݣĿƵؿżѩӣһ˹
ӵĺˣֻ̤̤ʵʵڹӿеĻԵȤӻذɡѩ˺һίľܾ
Ȼֻǿˡ
ѩܾɽϵЦ˲ת䣬һǿɢ˼ѩ
㣬Ҫʲô
ܵɽͷŵѹȣѩʱһϢĸоɫɷף
˵ʲôɽпų˵ļѩ˵ӿ㣬ĸֻҪ㽫źˣԹԸߣҿүүƸá
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99 ּ
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105 
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Ҷû뵽ŮͻƾֳĶ֮󣬶ʱʱֵܳΣա
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ҶֳؽĿɨʱһʱԸٻӰ
Сܵܣּˡ
ɫƤɢջ̤Ž׵ѩأ
Ȼ飬ǷǣҶȴ˵ŨŨɱ⡣
Ҫɱң
Ҷ罫ŮӸԼģʵ
ôãѵҲӦɱй𣿡˵ĺ촽΢΢̣ɱȻ˵Ͻɽ۵õı͸ңҲһˣһһЩô
Ȼ㾳ҸߣʱͬգɱҡҶ˵Կ˺ӿı
ߣͻƵ޽;޵ˣҪɱ㣬ֻһȻûнҶдĿϢȴ΢΢ЩԾһʱûҿ
ôҹҶ翴ɫصѣ˵¸㣬ɽһǰͻ磬㲻ͳְɣŵλǰͻƣҵҪ
ͻ
ҶĻɫ䣬û뵽˼ĴѩɽУ֮ĸ֡
ȴҶϵ̫ܶʮֺҶڱڶ̶̼ʱ䣬ͻƾ磬ﵽ޽硣
󣬵ϵı뿪λǰҲ޿κΡ
һģβֳ壬Ҷ緢һǿ˲ס壬Ӳӱ˹
㣬ѵ¼ŭеǰ𣿡
Ҷû뵽ѵôֹ
㲻úٻʰ㣬Ի뿪
ȫǿϢ緢һҶ壬ҪѸٽƷϵܡ
˭ʰ˭һ
ƣ
ỬСץסҶ˲䣬Ҷ˲ĵƣһӡ
䣡
µ֮һɫشߺѵؿڡ
ã
û뵽Ҷ羹ȻɱУɫ΢䣬βۻףסԼ塣
ŮƵεȵǿ󣬴ݿ޻ףϣ˳ȥѪ
ˮ⣡
شѣҶûиϢĻᣬһ˲ǰˮǿж塣
ƣ
һ̣һɿֲĽҶ籡㼯һâЯʮһն׹䵽ѩеѡ
ꡱһ顣
˵شѪӿȾΧĻѩ

⵽ش⵽ɵѱȫŭˣˣǿβƳ壬˺ҧҶ硣
ˮ⡣
β̤ϮҶٴӿ޾ĺǿбβ
ƣ
βͷŻǿԼĺʱҶеؽӳ޾ĽƺˮĺһնβϣӲˡ
ˣˮ뽣ںˡ
βѿ壬Ҷ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫоոһ´ﵽ޽۷̶ȡ
βںϣ
βҶˣ¶˾ŭ֮ɫҶĹ
һУǿںβѹˣȫɱҶʱһ̶ͻȻڱ
µֱҶ˶ĤۣѪ
Сӣһ´ټ㣬ҾŹ㡣
Щηؿһ۷𣬺ӿıһݻѸʧããѩС


108 ɱ
ǸˡʧıӰҶ糤һ
ȻˣձϾɸ֣ʵԶʤҶ磬ƴҶֵס
䣡
Ҷ簵ʱӿĺͻȻըˣɫȹʸţɷıŮӴӱ˳
иŵĺ⣬Եʥš
ɫ֡
űŮɢĺ⣬Ҷ֪ͻƵ磬Ϊ½ˡ
ϲǰͻƾ硣Ҷ¶Цݣףص
ҽѩƮ㣬ƮС
ԸͻƵһ磬ѩƮãҶĿҲ࣬˵
ˣ֪ʲô֡
ҽҶ硣
Ҷ磿ҶϼУûҶģѵ򣿡ѩƮ
ѩƮ㿴ܣ츳ƵҶ磬ݷͬһ㣬޷շˮóݡ
򣿡ѩƮҶԽӵĺ棬ʵ
Ͻ丮ӡ
ҶѩƮĹϵѩƮҪ˵ɽУˡ
Ͻ丮
֪ҶݣѩƮʱˣҲû뵽Ҷ羹Ȼڷ˹ңһСС丮ӡ
ʵѩɽǱơҶ̾ϢһԼ
ѩƮ㲻ϲǷ飬ݾңͻƵ磬ҵǷһ顣ɣҴ׵ؼƷ꼼ȥ丮鷳
лƮ㣡
Ҷ֪ؼƷ꼼ļֵ˵ڶһֵȼĻ꼼
ҴĵһŵؼƷ꼼ɱʮǰһյżȻõġ
ɱһʽֱΪƴ̣Ӱն˲ɱһ㿴ˡ
˵ţѩƮǬҶǰʩչһɱ
ƴ̣
ѩƮһΣһˮĽâ·һ⣬ǰֱӽԶı˰֮
Ӱն
ѩƮ͵һᣬһˮкذĽâصķâӰնжһ㣬ոձƴ̶ıмˡ
עˣ˲ɱһɱľ裬ҲɱѩƮһٶȼĴ̳һ
һʵ޻ٶȴþˣڰлһߡ
Բ׽ѩƮһѹ˼£һ̳
ˣⱾɱھټ䡣סû㲻ýɱ˽⴫
ʩչһɱѩƮǬָȡһɫĲӣ⿪еƽƣҶ硣
ӹѩƮĲӣҶ򿪣Խм䡣
Լʱ䣬Ҷ˲ӣ仹ѩƮ㡣
㶼סˣ
ѩƮ㿴ҶһɱھͻԼ¶˲֮ɫ
ţһסˡҶ˵ͷ˵
ҶĻشѩƮĴû뵽ҶӵйĿı¡
Ҷ翴ӣҶʱЩڣҲὫ츳˵ҶԼ¡
Ȼ㶼סˣڴڶŵؼƷ꼼ơ
ҲҵõģһſɽӵµĻ꼼
˵ԽǿʩչƣӵԽһؾ磬ھؾ磬һӡ˲ӡɴ򴩾֮ϵƲ㣬ɽ;޷塣
˵꣬ѩƮ˫֮ӿǿ㼯ģӡ˱ơ
һصžŵӡĴӡݺݵӡԶߴʮ׵ǧϡ
䣡ʯ쾪ѡ
ǧ⵽ѩƮӡıƹ˲仯Ϊĩǿñضɽҡ·ǿҵĵ
ǿǿǵؼƷ꼼
ʶƵҶĴϲѧᣬܽӵ£ɱоԼ˵һɸһսˡ
Ǳؼټɡ
ѩƮ㽫ؼݸҶ磬䡣
ѶȱɱѣھӣӵԵҶ磬Ȼֻһȫסˡ
ˣҶԽƵĵãҲ͸ɡ
ҶסھѩƮһԼдĽĵãҶϲ⡣
ˣ߰ɣȥ丮
˵ţѩƮ㱳ӳ޾ĺ⣬۳һԺɫĻ
ֲյͨ
ѩƮ۵ĺɫҶ¶Ľ֮ɫӵлͿɰˡ
ߣ
ѩƮͷųһƺɫסҶ壬ɫһȣ˹쫷磬Ҷɵ˾֮ϣϽȥ
Ƕ˷ϽʱϽȴΪλ棬˴ҡ


109 ʳǴ
ҶլС
ͻȻأ¼ֲ˼죬ĿǰʳǻԼƣӼλûˡ
ԴӵԸһλǻԼӵĴºΣգҾǵĴڡҼɫص˵
ǰû뵽ҾȻ壬Ϲټǿƴ֡׼ϼɽ˵
֪Ͻʵ۲صϢҶңǰ׼ǰͼŤת棬ƿػʳǣӵϻλ
û뵽壬ϹټֱӷǷ˵ͷ˾棬뵽֮С
Ҫǳھͺˣڣ´ӶԸǾҪˡҶҼҶ崨̾Ϣһ˵
δأҶѱˣȻȡҡҡͷ˵
ôѵʲôˣ
Ҷ崨Ҷɽ֮ĳͻĻɫ䡣
ѩ˵ɡ
뵽Ҷˣеһ˿С
Ҫ˽ɽУõӣүүóϣϴ׷ɱ磬ָʹġ
Ϊɱ磬ɽлڻʳһɸ֣͵ȳ¶棬ɱڽ䣬صؼѩ˵
ʱļѩѾӰϣſл֪Ҷ˼ĺĳʦ뵽ҶԼĶ飬ԼԭԼ̬ȣѩ뵽ͺС
ʲô
Ҷ羹Ȼóϵӣʳлɸֵɱڳɫ䣬Ҷ崨ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ѵҪҶ𣿡Ҷ崨Щ˵
Ҷʳǿҵ֮뿪ʳǣ֮ͳ
ҲֻˡҶ崨̾Ϣһһӵǻǵȴǵֻ
λȥ
Ҷ崨֮׼뿪ʳʱһͳڼžĴ
Ҽ۴Ŵʳ־ҶլŰΧµС
ۣʲô
Ҷ崨ɫۣ¶˿˿ĽۣԼףֳֳì־ɫ˵
ʲôЦһ⹴ᣬͼ߸ϽȨҷ֮ǰЩӡ
ʲôЩãؽεȺӷ䡣
ۣ㲻ҪѪˣҵʲôʱͼ߸ϽȨˡŭʵһǿϢб
־ãؽΣٻ
ô׼𣿡ɭȻ˵Ҿøʵ㣬˭ҷɱ⡣
ϼϰףǺƴˣɱȥ
Ҷ崨͵һǬȡһɫĳǹ׼ǿͻΧ뿪
ǵɫǲʵˡ¶Цݵ֣Ҷ崨ǽˡ
ţ
һİСɫۣòߵ˵ͷ˳һɢ
ɫ޽֡
ҶңȻϽĴ壬ΪԭҲ޵޽֡
ԼʶߵʵҶ崨¶˾֮ɫ
־ܣɱǡͺһ׺ݵ۾ɨһҶ崨ˣ˵
׶񣬼һֱǶסĸоһͷԽԽ
ŸʲôǸҰߡ
ۿ˱ס¶һ˿Цݣ
ȵȣ¡
־µסڻ廨ʱĿɨһ۳˵ļѩͰϣţ˵
ָԼ£ѩϣžױòҰףƯ۾ǿ־֮ɫ
ۣʲôҪ˺ŮҲŹ㡣˫Ѫص
ɽҲ޲̻˽ۡ
ߣһǣЦһм˵
ۣǬŵӣ˺ңǬһұġѩҧ촽ҪǬ׵ʩѹ
ߣǬף¸㣬ǵĲңõĴˣĴļʵССǬ׸ԡܽĴźˣҲĴһˣһ
ۣСˣ㲻ú
֪õóϻ֮еĹᱻạ̊́
ģʱ㻹ҡ
ۿŲ𣬷ŭһͷʨļһǰŻȭͷݺݵػؿڣһȭ˳ȥص˵ϡ
Ժ󣬻ʳûҶңûмңûļңֻҽҡýŲżһ˵
Ұһ̣ﵽ˼¡


110 
ˣǰǳأϽʳˣ丮ϽʳǺɽС
ѩƮҶھ֮ϼٷһʱ䣬ڰʱ֣Ƿɵ˻ֺ׳ռطΧϽʳϿա
šϽʳϿôôŨѪϢ
ѩƮӸµؿŵƻͨϽʳǣʳϿգƯһŨѪϢ
ˡҶüͷһ£ͻȻ뵽Ͻʳǽŵľƣæ˵Ʈ㣬ȥϽʳǿܳˡ
ã
ѩƮ˵ͷɢŵĻһȣһɾҵĿ磬ڰиϽʳʮ壬̵Ľֵϡ
ĳˡ
Ҷ翴ַϽʳǱеȫţƯŵѪζһѩƮǰҶլ鿴
ļɣû뵽ССķ˻ʳǣȻɸ֡
ҶǰҶլʱѩƮͷŵǿ֪ϽʳǶϷһǿϢļɸ֡
ڵˣҶüͷһƣɫ
磬ļӦþĵ˰ɡѩƮ˵
ţӦõĸ֣ǲ֪ɽл𣿡Ҷ˵ͷĿɭȻ˵
ߣȥǱߣҲǱߣ벻ջ񡣡ѩƮ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷٶ۷壬ѩƮλϽʳǶϷĽլ

үүǻˣ
ڽլȲȴĽ۵˻ӭѪɫͱסļѩϣűҸ廨Ĵʱ۾ʱˡ
߻վһˣ˲ǱˣҶ崨ĶӣҲǵִ⽫ҶϳҶҵҶ
ӽϽʳûҶңңļҲʶʱҲûдڵıҪˡ
뵽϶ּԼڽµһĻ۶ʱоε˵
ϲΪϽһˡҶһЦĹصȫȻԼҶҵѪ
۾ȴƮ˳˵ļѩϣš
Ǳӣ޽۾֮ɫ
ΪĴ׼ģ㲻ȵ񣬽ѵ
Ҳҡ
뵽ĴݵֶΣһæĿǶԸеߡ
ʱ꣬͵Ĵ˷䣬Ĵá
Ǹף
ʱ˵ͷҸ֣žļѩŮ˽լһʮľԺС
ĴˣҸΪѰ˼ɫĴáʱվԺ⣬˵
ҷһԺд
Ĵˣ
ʱɫɷףûһ˿ѪɫļѩŮ߽ľԺС
ţû뵽ССķ˹ȣŮһɫۣǷӣ¹⿴ļѩͰϣʱ۾ʱˡ
Ĵ˲ǱˣǸɽһͬ丮׷ɱҶ
ˣ£뿪ˣ
żѩ˻ȵĽ۵ļ˵ףĻ
ǣĴˣ
ʱ꽫ѩŮƵķУţת뿪ˡ
ţɫڶҵ
ԽѩŮԽϲһӣϸϸػ˿ڰл
ףѩŵɪɪǲһı̵ˮܿƵʳȾʪǾӡ
СˣҪޣһһú۰ǵġ
ҵı飬ףֻеĻð
ǬĹŵӣ˺ңʦһŹġѩٴΰǬףԿǬ׵ӣŹǡ
ǬףʲôһСС޽Ҳҹҵ¡Цһм˵
Сһֵǧ𣬽һú۰ǵġ
˵ţͷųһǿԼߡ
ҾҲóѵġ
ӣѩ˵͸˾Ȼ֮ɫҧԾԼס
ǰǾĿ𣿡
¶һ˿ЦݣһǿĻ͸˼ѩŮϣӲǽס
Ŷã¶ң֮ɫĶŮӵ˷ܣ³ĽӵĴϣһ˹ȥ


111 Щˣǲ
ʱǲҪ˾ˣҾס
͸֮ɫɫ԰׵ļѩŮϵЦݸŨˣϷʵ˵
ץѩ·Ҫϵĳȹ˺ʱͻȻһɱ͸յϮ͸ĹһֱĶ߶סһ㣬ͷ䵽š
ʲôˣ
оͻȻֵĿɱ͵ڴվһֵֻЫӸֳ壬ӥһĿ⿴˽յš
㿴˭
յͻȻ򿪣ɫۣͦΣϴŨŨɱҶ绺˽ɱȻ˵
Ҷ磬㾹Ȼе
Ȼ̶һʱ䣬ҶͻƵ޽磬ΪļɵȴûнҶ
ǳߣҪǣɽɱɸ֡
ļѩŮû뵽ӦҶ磬ȴʱ֣ĴߴٵҶ֡
ߣȻˣͰ°ɡ
ЦһһǿбǵѹҶ硣
ͷŵǿƣҶȫһ޼᲻ݵʯԽһ޽ѹƣ˿
šǿ
оҶ籬ɫ΢䣬Īĸеһ˿
ģȥ
һһƷȼĳǹУ˺ſһǹҶؿڣҪ̴
ۿƷǹҪ̴Ҷ壬ͻȻҶǰ˵ˮƣʿ飬òѩƮҶǰһָǹ⡣
꣡
һ̶еƷǹܲסѩƮһָǹͷѿѺۣǿЩղסǹ
ʲô
ԼķѼѪƵƷǹѩƮһָѣˣ¶˻ģ
Ʈ㣬ôҶ翴˪ѩƮ㣬ʵ
ѾҲµƽ֣κ˶ȥѩƮĿɭȻؿͳ˵
ʹ޵ľϻ֮ˣ˵Ѿ̡
λǰû֪ǰɷڵķϣʶѩƮ㾪˵ʵоɢɱ⣬־ˣԼݱ
㣿ѩƮɱȻ˵ǧС
ǰѵҪΪУ
оѩƮ۾еɱԽԽŨĺˣӲͷƤ˵
ߣССƷҲвңҵŻɱ㣬Ҳ˵ʲôѩƮһȫȻûнڷ
ǰ˭
ѩƮἰΨһ̫ϳϵ֣ɫޱ䣬޷󣬺ޱҶ磬ΰġ
˭㻹֪Թȥɡ
ѩƮʧȥģһɫظֳġ
ɫߡ
ѩƮڵĺɫ۾ɵùԲ꣬Ǿ֮ɫ
ҪڵʱѩƮĸֵĺɫһ裬䴩Դ꣬˽
Ʈ㣬֪ɷԸΪͽ
Ҷ翴ɫ㲣۽ǹۣܵŵļѩͰϣţٱԼǣܵ˺
ͽ뵱ͽܿɲסѩƮ㿴һۼѩŮǾܵͣ츳Ҳһ㣬˵
Ʈ㣬Ը飬ΪͽҶ
飿ѩƮȻһЦЩζ˵ðǵôֵǮʱΪͽ֮ǰҿȴ뿪ȥҵһŵӡ
ллƮ㡣Ҷϲ⣬м˵ѩƮչ˶ŮҲͷˡ
磬Ҳֿ
ѩҧʪ촽ԼģӰӡҶ磬˵
ϣȻû˵Ҷ񣬳˾Ͳᡣ
ɱһ׷ǲ£øƮ뿪Ȼ´Σҿ¾ȲǡҶ˶Ůе⣬ҡҡͷ
ǳ磬ȥ𣿡
Ҷ粻һ˿ĻѩĪһʹоҶԼûжٸ飬һжԼȡԹҶ硣
лһȥġҶ˵ͷ˵
ˣҶүүôˣϽʳǵ׷ʲô£Ҷתƻ
Ϊλϵز켺үүǶʳ־ץˣؽΡѩȥҶ硣
ӣϾɱҶ۾͸˵֮ɫ߰ɣȥˣҪ֪Щǲ𡣡
˵꣬ҶǬȡ·ŮϣѩƮչ˺ǣһ뿪˳ŨѪζķ䣬̤źҹ۾סԺȥ
Ϊ࣬齪۵ҰģҶ׼ɱ䣬Ѫϴҡ


112 ¾
үүĴ˼ѩϣţɷ͸ңҲú档
ѩϣų̫ýʼһҪõǡ
ʱ˵۵˵Ŀ͸žûһ㶯ҹա
֪Ϊʲô۸оԼʼ޷ƽ·ʲôҪһ㡣
뵽һļɸֽƽ
ûиоʲôԾĵط𣿡ۺһڲˮ˼һ£ʵ
Ծ¶һ˿֮ɫһ۴⣬˵үүܰûʲôԾĵط
ԣ̫ˡ
һ˵ڣǾլ̫ˣûһ˿̫ϳˡ
վסʲôˣôģ
ڽ۷⣬׼˲鿴լʱͻȻžԺдһһû˶
ãȻǿϮ
ȥĴˣǰıɫ䣬ߴٵ
˭ûãûܾǡ
յͻȻһǿĻ飬ɫҶ米˫֣˽
Ҷ磬㣬㾹Ȼһ֮ˣһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һȡġҶĿɭȻؿŽˣɱȻ˵
Ҷ磬ǲǻ֪ԼĴЦһ˵¸㣬Ĵ˾ҽҸѷɡ
ĴˣҶ¶һ˿ζЦݵ˵ɣܿϧոѾˣڻȪ·ϵǡ
˵ţҶ͵̤һ̤˵棬ǿѹȸУ˲ڽǰ

оҶ˲䱬ɫ䣬ѵ
Ҷٶ̫죬ȽڶӦҶȭͷؿڣһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ɵеͻȻѪڰ׹䣬ɢڵϣֲһĻëȻ
㣬㾹Ȼɱӡ
ԼӲǰֻһѪӿԴ۾˲Ѫɫһǿɷɢ
ҲҪɱҪɱ㣬Լ㽪еҰļңҪ֪Щǲġ
Ҷӽͷŵɷ̤ųصĲӣһǿѹȸ˲˽ͷŵɷѹȵѡ
㣬ͻƵ޽ˣ
ܵҶӿĻеᵽԼҶ֮ʵж
Ѿû·һģǬȡһӲӵĳһֻӰֳ塣
Ӱ
۱һ˫ֽսɫĽڽ𵶱棬Ž𵶵ĹһնҶ硣
ƣ
ۿʩչĽӰҪնҶУͫһŽӰһȭ
ѹµȭͷݿ˽𵶣һȭ˽۵ؿڣؿڴ򴩡
һ̣ҶߣƺݺݵذԴϣתɻ޽ˡ
˽۶˵Ҷ΢΢һ뿪˳ŨŨѪζķ䣬ڼžҹ£¾Ҹ֡
ţҶô
ҶȻϢĻɱҸʱһƧԺУⷢҶ
ѵ常йϵ
ҶһֱɣҶͽȻ常Ե޹ж
أ
յͻȻ飬ûҶоѡ
ҶҶ磡
Ҷվ⣬ɱҶʱŵһƨվûꡣ
常ǲ¶ġ
һǿľҶԺУɢ㱡
ǡ
ҶֻǶʦֵסҶǿľ֮䣬ϵ
㡣
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˵ţһĽâҶǰ屻ҶŷĽâѪ罦˳Ⱦ˵档
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ʶҶֶΣϹٷɾ˴أܺõеɱ⣬ŵҶԷǡ
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磬ҺѩƮɽ㣬һҪϣؿҶ磬ŬԼġ
һȥģҶ˵ͷŵ
ˣˣҪˣúȡմҡ
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114 ƶ
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127 ´
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128 Ĺ
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֪ʩչһܷɱ޽Ҷ˲ɱһʮֵ⣬һУɽʱڽ¡
ţʲô
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ɽʲô
ؾУΣղ棬ԽΣյĵطԽпܰŴԵ
ʲô
ҶϢɽ꾡ͷʱһʮ׶ߣͨɫϲ̵Ĺ
룬Сģ·ͷһĹʵһŹͷʵëȻĹһŹͷʵſѪڣ˺ҧһߵʬ塣
ѵǹ͹Ĺ
ǰĹԼŹĹʵҶһǼߣײей
ѪȲбϲʳ˵꣬۵ĹʵйĹӵĲбϲ̻˵Ѫ⣬ĹȷؼһһԴЧֵһؼ굤Ҫߡ
û뵽ؾժŹĹҲԽɾ硣
ɫϵ䣬ʵԶԶҡ
ŲԶײпµĹҶЩԥҪҪðǿժűȵؼ굤ֵߵĹĹ
ŹĹҶջ̫ټˮԿƹԥҶ绹Ǿðһԡ
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Ҷ翿֮ʣһŹĹĹҶǡ
һ̣Ҷоµĵһ۴ֵĺɫ̸ƿ˼Ӳĵز㣬ǹһҶ塣
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ҶԵɢ˹Ĺǵţбŷ˵ĽƣڽؽУһն˼ٴĺɫ̸ϡ
ʮϽƶƻݿ˺ɫ̸ƽײеĹ
΢࣬ȥɡ
ĺɫ̸飬һſϵ׸ڹ޴ϣԣŭ
ɫھҵҡΣ֯ɫƬһڹߺҶ硣
˲ɱһ
ǧһ֮ʣҶеؽΪһ壬һɫĽӰ籡Ľƣ˺ǵصĺڹ⣬ŷĹĹ
ˮ⡣
ŹĹҶͷųˮǿб׼ĹĹ
Ӱն
ţҶ͵һؽƣʮٴڽؽУݺݵ⵽ˮŹĹϡ
꣡һ
ĺ½Ӱն飬ĽâŹĹĹնѪһҺ罦˳
ˮ⡣
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΢࣬Ҫɱ㡣
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ۣ
⵽ҶһѪ˳߿˳
ںԣˣͷŵԽˡ
أ
ʧصҶصڵϣţ屬ǿضЩǱɽȥ
΢࣬
ҶҪŹĹܣ̸ȫƿ˵ز㣬糤գγ˺ɫΣҶ棬񹥻


129 ˲ɱһ
ʲôǰɽʲô
Ҷ֮ʣ޴ʮԶǡɱ·ŵ
ģûȤȥɽ꿴
ɫۣĿߴһͷںڳɢ˫磬˷ŵоȤʵ
кβң߷֣߰ɡ
ɫۣɱҶĴЦһɽŵƸ߷ɣٵҶڵɽ걼ȥ

ո˵ҶĶˣɱɽ֮ʱһۿҡźɫڣŹף񹥻Ĺ
ī۳䣬ôĹһ˹Ĺ
뵽ҶĶ˫˫̸Σ۾͸֮ɫ
ܵõĹǶ˵ĺôԶҶĸĽĹԽ磬ޣﵽɾ硣
ʱ̸еҶ˺ۣѪ죬㹻ǿ֧Ųסĸǿȹ
ˮ⡣
ĴҶ罫һŻػ굤ӵУˮǿбסؽƿһȱڵ̸
һ̣ƶ죬ʮԼһˮȫӿҶ壬ڽؽУ߶Ŵ󹥻ͬʱ
˲ɱһ
ҶؽΪһ𣬻һϸİɫâЯž˵ƻһƿ˱ˮ̸ȱڣ˳ȥ

ȺҶģһϳƿ̸εҶ磬뵽ؾʱҶԼĳ裬Ҷ۾бŨŨɱ⡣
׽
Ҷʯӿնһдһһɫ׹ĽâƲ񷣬Ҷ硣
λӰ
Ҷ֪εȵƿγɵ̸ʱͲҶĶ˵Ĵڡ
Ҷĳ͵Ϯ˲䣬Ҷ̤λӰ˲ûĵٶȲӰη˼ܣܿҶʩչ׽Լٶɽ쭡
ߡ
޽Ƹ߷ɿҶҪܣһγľ޵һնҶ磬Ҫס
ҶĶˣĹҶв󣬿źǰҪԼĵâҶû㣬Ǳǿֳؽնȥ
䣡
Ƹ߷ĵâҶһƵҶ̤λӰԼٶȳ˶˵İΧգ֮ʧڻҵɽС
ã
ҶԵΧҶĶ⵽ĹоĿ£Ƹ߷ǬȡһɫʯѸٵ˳ȥ
¡¡
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ҪĹǾȡɡ
˺۵ҶҶĶˣַһŻػ굤һ߿ٲĵĻһøӵĵΣѶ˵׷ɱ
ţû·ˡ
Ҷһʱ䣬ͻȻԼǰһףƮŨŨԨסԼȥ·
Σҿӡ
׷ҶĶˣҶ类޴Ԩסʱ¶ײеЦݣͷǿϢ
Ȼû·ˣǾһսɡ
˺۵Ҷ˵Żػ굤ؽУͫ׽ؿһƽҶĶˡ
Żػ굤ҶڼľĻָһ룬ʩչһ˲ɱ֮
Ҷ粻ȷǷбĻĿ˸ؿҶĶˣϵ˼
Ҷ磬ҲòȻؾеõ˹ĹĺΪֹˣǻȥȪ·ҶɱȻ˵
Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ܿϧЩ˶ͽ˵ҶЦһһ߼ٻָһԡ
һļ޽飬ҲвǡƸ߷ȫȻûнҶЦ˵
Ƹ߷ɻ䣬һоϢĽҶ籡ֱնǶ˵Ϣ
ơ
оҶ籡Ľ֮Ƹ߷ɫ䣬û뵽ļ޽Ҷ磬˽Ľơ
λӰ
Ƹ߷ɳԾ֮ʣҶӶˣ˲佻֯ĵٶȲӰһѸݵ磬Ҷķ
ĺá
ҶϵҶȹԼͫһеɫһɫ׹⣬ǿƻӭȥ
ҶĹ˲䣬Ƹ߷ҲֲĵâſһնҶ硣
˲ɱһ
ۿҶĶ˷һҪҶ壬ƶеҶͻȻ٣ӻһϸĽâ˺˿͸ҶĶ˷Ļ꼼һ˴Ƹ߷塣
ǧһ֮ʣƸ߷ĻӳΣֵסҶʩչ˲ɱһ
˲ɱһĹ̫£γɵķΣǱ˲ɱһľ˹˵ѺۣĽâ͸ΣƸ߷ɵ塣
Ƹ߷û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀ£뵽ոһ˲ĸоû꣬ƴܡ
ˮ⡣
Ҷ粻Ƹ߷ܵĻᣬˮǿб塣
ƣƣ
һ̣ҶҶĹǰӡ˱ƣԽɽ崩͸âֱӻƸ߷ɱ壬˽


130 ʯ
Ҷ磬㾹Ȼɱ
ҶĿƸ߷ɱʬ壬һֻ㱲ʵĸо޷ţ޽Ƹ߷ɣᱻļ޽Ҷɱˡ
Ҷģһֵˡ
Ҷ罫ؽ߸߾ýָɫѿҶģͷųµƣԵʮ˵
ȻϣҶסҶģȴֹۣǿʩչ˲ɱһƻƸ߷ɣҶڻʣ޼ҶĵĶ֡
ұҶĿɣֻƾɱƸ߷γɵҶģ֪Ѷˣֻһ·ˡ
Ҷ罣۾һƣҶȷʵȴ֮ġ
ҶĺܴȻ⣬ȴûеһʱߣվʮ֮⣬ع۲Ҷ硣
ҶٶҶĲɵóȥһζĽȥҶһῴɡ
ȻҶĿҶûԼ˶ɣ΢΢̣һ˿ҲµûдɱƸ߷ɣѾǿ֮ĩˡ
˵ţҶеɫһ£ĽâԼٶȴҶ磬̽ǲαװġ
ƶ죬ơ
ҶĽ֯ĽâϮҶһؽ籡ӿؽУһնȥƴĽâƵҶ̽
ۣ
ʱҶ̫ˣһƵâҲˣһѪ˳˳
Ҷ磬ȥˡ
ҶѪҶĴ󶨣ֳɫҶ磬ҪѸٻɱӶϵһС
ɱң±Ӱɡ
ǧһ֮ʣҶһҧ˫͵طҶĹ£±Ծ޾ԨУܿ챻ŨŨˡ
ɶ񣡡
ҶĿҶͻȻ£ɫ࣬±ߣԥûȥ׷ɱҶ硣
ʧصҶ缱׹
Ϊ˼׹ٶȣҶҧأϵر˵ؽڼӲͱϣ˴Ļ⣬Ӳӻ׹ٶȡ
ҶԾµԨףһ·׹ʱ䣬Ȼû׹䵽µס
ʱҶ˫ľѪ˳ѵƤʳĦͱڵؽҲ˵Ѻۡ
Ҷ罫ؾ磬ﵽʮ˸ǿȣʱĦ˫ͱ۶ˡ
תҪˡ
˫صҶ磬Щղס𵴵ؽʱͻȻо¿ӿ˷ת֪Լڽӽµײˡ
أ
Ҷʧصص˳ʪµףҳһӡ
Ȼһ·ؽϵؼ׹ٶȣȻˤòᣬȫĹͷ˴룬Ҳصˣֱ뵽С
Ҷ㹻ǿ󣬻ָ˵ʮټתɻҶ޸š
ԼʱƻָҶڻˡ
һţá
оʹĸо촽ƤҶ¶һĨЦݣǿܡ
öʬǣôôʬǡ
Ҷ翴ΧĻʱʪԨײѻŴ׹ǣУвӴ󣬿ƿֲ޹Ǽܡ
ѵµײʲôδ֪ա
ԶƬƬʬǣҶʱڵ޷۷ʵӦʱֵܳΣ
µʮַգҪ뿪ѣ֮£ҶֻóŻػ굤ӵУơ
ڴ˴Ҷ̫أʱ䣬ȫָ۷״̬
УҶûκεΣգһð̽һ̽µףѰ뿪֮·
룬Ҷ緢µʬԽԽ࣬ЩʬǴ˲֪꣬ýһͷ绯ˡ
ţʯµôһɫʯ
ţҶͻȻǰԶһͨɫ⻬羵ߴ׵ʯʯɷдʮçۻѪɫ֡
ָ񷣬ѪȾأս죬졣
òԾıʷ棬ÿĿ⵽ʲôȻ졣
ʯʮԵʮĴ֣Ҷ类סˣһ˿Ĥĳ嶯
ţƣʮѪô̺֮
ͻȻҶ緢ʮۻѪУ¶ǿҵĽ⾳̼ԼڽƲܿƵ籡
ҶڽʮۻѪ̺ĽƽӳʱɫʯͻȻһɺڶɫҶɵ档
һ̣Ҷ羪ķԼһϲɣͼڵĴС
Լ濴ɫʯڴ롣
ҶԾһĻʱʯʮѪɫͻȻֳʯĿע£㼯һãƮѪɫ顣


131 
Ѿʮһǧˣ˷齣ˡ
Ѫɫն۾бѪ⣬ٴԼҶ磬׾˵
ǡ
ҶĿ⾯ؿѪɫ飬ͷð˿ſź顣
ȻѪɫԶȴѪɫϣŨŨΣոоɣѪɫҪɱԼԼûһ˿һ֮
Ǳ飬ҲʯˣĿߡѪɫ˵СԸԸҵĿ顣
ʲô飿Ҷʵ
Ŀ齣㿼ʧܣܻᶪ黺˵
ͨ飬Ҳ㽱Ὣ͵ڵУĿˣͨڵˣ㽫̳ؾ
ǰ֪⽣ѶΣҶһʵ
ؾʮ󽣱ҲвӵдԵ츳С˽ܿϧΪֹûһͨˣȫ˵
ûһͨˣȫ
֪ѶȣҶ絹һԥ
С㵨ˣҿȥֻһΣѡԼɡ鿴ԥҶ磬˵
޵һ;̤·ѣ֮ĥԼᱻ̭
һơ
뵽Ҷһᶨ˵ǰԸܽˡ
ãܺãڿǰҸʱ͸һ½֮һڣֱͨ뿪ʧܣ㽫Զ档˵ͷ˵
ллǰҶĿƵؿ׶ߣͨɫ渡ֳ·Ľ
ˣڿԲ͸ˣܲ͸ٽп̻ĽƣͿ츳ͱˡ˵
ǣ
Ҷ˵ͷϥ˽£ĬĬϢһᣬԵͷŻ͸˽Уʼ͸п̻Ľơ
ţôͽ뵽ڤ״̬֮ˣ
Ưյı鷢ֽҶͽ뵽ڤ״̬Уûбֳһ˿Ĳʺͳ¶˲֮ɫ
ôһ˿ͨ˵Ļᡣ˲֪ı¶ѵõЦݣƯڰУĵصȴ
ˣ
һʱһĽҶ籡ʯеĿҵطµĽƾþòɢ
ļ޽磬˽죬쳣ʵ츳ȻٽһӦÿͨ顣

ģҶǸ鵽ײصʲôطˡ
ɷһɽУֳһѪܵĳǹŭ
ΪɱҶ磬ɽн󲿷ʱ仨ѰҶϣȴһʮֵջ
ţǵӰ
ɱڵɽԽһƬïʢĹľԣѰҶʱڲԶһڰٻӰǰһš
£
ԶԶĸ֬޹ֵĸ£ɽ۾ð֮ɫԼӿŲ׷ȥ
޶˵ŮȫɽҪǣҶһͬ丮˵ͨҵҶ硣
˭
оһģϢüͷһ壬ż͵صأӻһӰԾһʮ׸ߵĹľϣʵ
㲻Ҫţҡ
ɽпŸ޾׵ףӣïʢĹľ˳¶Ϊ˧Цݣ˵
ɽС
ɽлӢףüͷ΢΢һ壬޵ûκεı顣
£ؾ͸Σգ֪ûȤҽأɽ
ûȤ
ػؾ΢΢һ뿪
ûȤҶܸȤɽнżأӰס˸£˵£ԸҵŮˣҿүүΪŵӣܸṩ󲻵ԴͻƵɾ硣

ɽпĻɫ쳣ѿһƥеĵâӳһնɽС
ƣ
оһɱ֮ɽɫ䣬æֳǹеֵ
ϿյɽӶϡ
ʱն˵ڶһԶɽӵľâգЯž˵ƻһնɽкͷǹϡ
䣡
ǿıڶ𣬴ɽбնں˶صƵĶϿյʽѪˣһѪ˳˳
ɽУҲɱ㣬ðңСĹͷ
ɽУ±ɨһۣľ
˵꣬΢΢һɽзŭĿע£ԾïʢɽУʧ


132 һƽ
ʱѵڵ㿼˵ʱˡ
ʱһţһ㣬ڽһ뵽ȶеҶ磬鿪ڻ
һ̣һ콣Ҷ籡˺˵ѺۣݺύĽڰоþòɢ
죬̶ʱ䣬Ȼ˽죬츳̫ˡ
ڲ֪ı飬̫ţȴδҶž޲Ĳһ˿
Ҳôһ˿ᣬͨؾռ飬̳ĴС
Ѿˣʱúÿ졣Ҷڶ
УҶԣϵݽӡ̵½ƣ޵ʱڣԼĽƣһȼﵽ˽졣
ְڽϣˡ黺˵˵ࡣ
ǣ
Ҷ˵ͷڵվԼְ˹⻬羵Ľϡ
һ̣ҶоԼһĿռУһɫƳۣͦΣɫֳһɫĹ⽣վǰ
ÿµɱ⡣
оɢɱ¾֮ҶͫΣյ״
ɱ
ӻǵ۾ͻȻâһɱ쳹ռ䣬ҶĤ΢ġ
һ̣ҶؿеıɫˣԼһ
ɫâԷ˼ٶȣ˺ſԼ
졣
оһĿ£Ҷ籡ؽƣ˲㼯һʮ׳Ĺ⽣һӭȥ
âһиſݺύѺۡ
ҿֵܵٽ
Ҷ绯⣬ͫһֽÿһٶȶ˹٣ǳɱ
ã
ҶֳؽӲֵֵĽâԺУѿһѺۣѪ˳߿˳
ǺӵĹֻ꣬壬ոһԽҶ롣
ԣ޸
Ҷͷʹѵĸоǿ޸Լصꡣ
Լ֮䣬Ҷƾȫָˡ
̫ǿˣӵʵ̫ǿˣҪܻأ
ʶӵĿ£Ҷе˾޴ѹоԼĿǰʵ濹һ㡣
ף˼Ȼһ£ҵҪֵܵҼ
Ҷ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͻָƣ¶һ˿Цݣһӿ壬ݺء
齣ն
ٵ籡ĽһſŻʵǣųĽҶ硣
һʱ䣬ҶоҡתǰĿռ·𶼱˺һ㡣
âгĻоϢᵽϢ
Ժʩչİ齣նҶ֪Լû·ȫֵֵܵס齣նԼ֮ǡ
˲ɱһ
ҶһҧؽΪһ壬һϸĽâžâ˰ٵС
죬ơ
ʮơ
ˮƣ
ΪƵһУҶ綯еĵƣ·еһƬۣڿмƴɱѰһ˿
ͣ
ҶƴսȻһɫâˣ˴Ľۡ
أҶڵսȴԽԽ߰ƴɱ䣬Ҷ罥뵽һ״̬Уһɹɺ嫵Ľ羪κˣںɫз
һ˸߹һ˵Ľƹ£ʩչİ齣նڱ˺һȱڣҶһ˳ȥ
ֵܵʩչİ齣նǧһˣսʤң̫ԶӲһ˿ؿصҶ磬˵
δء
ȻҶʱܲã⵽Բ׽һ˿Ķٵ
ҾͿսʤҡ
𡣡
ӱһһŻ֮Ľâ˺أâƲ׺ʣһնҶ硣
켣ԣǹ켣ÿһڽͬһ켣С
ۿҶҪĻһݵԲ׽һĹ켣
ಣ
Ҷһźһܵһߡ
˲ɱһ
һ̣ҶؽΪһ壬̳˼ٶȵһؽƵķâ˺ӵؿڣֱӽ崩͸ˡ
㣬㲶׽ҹ켣ˡ
ؿڵĽɴ˫ۣ˼ؿҶ磬ЩҶʵȻһ˲䣬׽ԼĹ켣
ţǰ켣ѱҶϤ֪ǰ׼ȥ𣿡Ҷ˵ͷʵ
ֵܵ⽣ء
۾бҪĿ⣬һɷбգ֮䣬ڽ˹켣С
ͣ
ƥ˺ѵͻȻһռѺ۰Ľâ˺˿ռ䣬Яž˵ĹҶ硣
˲ɱһ
ϮҶû㣬ʩչ˲ɱһӭȥ
⽻֮䣬ҶԵ˹켣ܿ˺ľһ
˲ɱһȴ׼ȷĴ˺ӵԴϣԴˡ
꣡һ
Դ˲䣬һѺۡ
Ҷһƽ


133 
Сϲͨ飬ýڵռ˵ʸ񡣡
飬ڽռУ˵ࡣ
ؾȴʮ꣬ڵȵͨˡ
ڳɹˡ
֣Ҷ糤һ˸ǿʩչ˲ɱ֮Ҷ缸;ƿݣ˿顣
Լڶн
˵ţǰ˵ˮƣӡǿƵı︡Ҷǰ
ͨĽֻͨڵռˣܽȫߣڣֻܴһ˵
ǰ֪ﶼʲô
ŷӡеҶ翪ʵ
һо콣һǳںʮϴɵģشһΪʱδ빥ƣ콣ֻһƷ⿪˵һķӡڽܵ
ǳƷ
֪콣ĵȼҶ粻ɵõһ۾б֮ɫ
Ǵ˵еıѩûһҪǣǳɵġ
һƵʱֻҪһָ׸ǴСǳܴƷʣҪ˵ôһ顣ڽδӡơ
˵콣ΪģԵõһɸ֣ҲĽ콣С
콣Ҷ磬ûĿͶ˵ڶӡ
ڶһƿصȪˮԲǧԪ
⿪˵ڶķӡܵ
Ȫˮ
ƯڰУͨ徧ӨİɫƿҶиӵ𾪡
Ȫˮֽ֮ˮһֿԻָֻ֮ڴ˵ˮ
һȪˮͨûãԪѾһֻ̤ײĵϹ˵ȴġ
Ȫˮڶ½֣һѪȷ硣
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һ亹Ҷ糤һոǻľػԼ¾ҪʱԼ㲻һΪҲˡ
ţû뵽ʵȻֵһܿŻѪǿеҶ磬΢΢Щ˵
лľػҶҲûаյֵһʱʱʱ߹ʮӡ
ҵҪֵܵҼ
۾еɱ⣬ӻһѸݵĽ⣬ԳԽٶȣһҶ硣
һ̳޾ǿгһУǿյĹâ·𶼱ɣһƬ
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ҶڽһУоĿɣԼֵסһԻ
Ѫȼա
ҶһȼѪϡĽѪٶȣٵطɵ˰У㽣һ

Ҷܵ˲䣬һն֮Уǿ˺һ׳Ľۣ޾ĺɫ籩صغҶ塣

оɫ籩Ŀ£ҶæƽǰֵŻĺɫ籩
ǿȴֵסɫ籩񱩵͸˽ݺݵغҶ壬ںɫ籩С


150 ɻ
ˡ
ۿҶҪɫ籩飬ͻȻѩƮŻˣһǿҵķ֮ӳ壬Ӳֵס˺ɫ籩
Ż
Χӳķ֮⣬Ҷ뵽ѩƮţԵֵڸȫһĻ
ŻؼʱãܸոһԻ壬ɱ
ڻ¼һҲ޷ֵܽĹɥֻʱ⡣
ô죬ѵҪɥڴˣ
̤գһ޵еĽܣҶвŨŨУҲ䵽˵͹ȡ
ˣһһûãҲƿ
ڽӳ޵нʱҶһͻȻ뵽һлŤתĵơ
ƣԷѣɴʶɻԡ
ɰڴһˡ
Ҷһ׼һҲʧˣɱ
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Ϊ˿ܣҶȫһ
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ǿҶײʱҶǿҵУƽҵȶ˺;޴գðտ˽ܡ

ԡڷ籩Уһ˿ӰĽܿҶ絨ҿӳŨŨɱ⣬еĹ⽣ԼٶȴҶؿڣҪؿڶ
ԣɣ
ۿҶؿھҪҶܡ
ܳٶ̫죬⽣۵ĽƻǻҶ壬㽫룬ѪȪ罦˳
Ҷ⵽ش˲䣬һѪԺзԼٶȻ˽ܵԴ
һ̣䶯ԣ˳Žܵ߿ףϵԴУʶ
һɹɿֲڽԺбѪֹҶ˳ȥ
ȻԿɽܵʶ
˫ֱͷʹžĽܣصҶ糤һԶ뷢Ľܣܵ
֪ܷɽܵʶʧҾˡҶһתɻˣһԶԶؿ˻ĽܣĬĬš
ʱһһ˫ֱͷĽ˻˰ʱ䣬ԺͷŵĻԽԽ
أ˽ʶռĴԣɻȡ˸Ӧ
ڳɹˡ
оûʶȫԿƣʹҶ糤һ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
ʱ޾ǿѿһѺۣ𾪵ǿУ񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬ʵԽʲôΪʲôԺеʶʧˡ
һ꣬⽣ܵʶǱǼˡҶ纬Ľ͵
ı飬и𾪡
ǰѱҿƣ㲻ˡҶ翴͵飬ʵ
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Ҷ翴͸ֲѹͷ­ˣ¶˾η֮ɫ
Ѿʮˣıм̳ˡ޴ͷ­ǳӿųԼ޴ѹηҶ磬˵
ٸ㽱ǰҪʵʵشһ⡣
ǰ˵Ҷ粻˵
崫УζҪ縺Ѫ𣬶·ܿһ·Ը̤·Ϊ帴𣿡ͷ­ʵ
ǰ֪ĵ˭Ҷ˼һ£ʵ
̫С֪ĵ˭ֻشԸԸ縺ѪΪ帴𡣡ͷ­˵
Ը⡣
Ҷһ˵ͷ˵
֮ԴӦĪĺø⣬Ҫǣ޵һ;һ·ĪĻԵǰܷ
ãİɣ֮Ҹؾıͷ­˵
Ҷ磬Ըģ縺ѪɱˡҶ˵ͷԥġ
Ҷ֮ʣǿ֮гƵƣЩƵĳ֣ͷ­֪ҶѾڽ֮У͸ο֮ɫԽӵ͡


151 Ĵ󴫳֮
Ҷ磬ٸ㽱ǰȸҵݡ
ҽ죬񣬲ڵѾˣģֻһƲлꡣͷ­ſѪڣ˵
񣡡
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Ȼʲô磬ȴ֪֮ܳΪ񡱵ˣ۷徳Ĵһ˿ġ
ǰʲôط
Ƕ½һ׳Ŀռ䣬ʵﵽ½ޣл˺ţ硣
ؾ򵥵һ֮أͨؾеĿ飬˵õռ⣬ʸս֮صʸ񡣡˵
ǰµĴ֮زֹһ𣿡ҶüͷһƣԾʵ
ţڸռ䣬֮أЩ֮ذյȼΪĵȣͨؾ͵ȣҲ򵥵Ĵ֮أԽԽѡ˵ͷ˵
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Ҫ֪ڴ֮еıģʮֵ󡣶Ĵ֮أǹغһܣΪܣ⵽֮֡
ˣЩں˵̫ˣһе֮ͨؿ˵ɡ
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˵ţſͣһɫӿҶԺС
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ͼڶ½ĵڶ֮أ½ģ֮Уܲͨ⴦֮أͿıˡ
סڶ֮صĿѶԶʤؾû㹻ʵмǲҪôɥ׹ɢȥѵ
סҶ˵ͷ˵
Ҷ磬֪ؾıʲô𣿡ʵ
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Ҷ翴ȫԿƣ޵еĽܣ˵
ؾıǵܲɼ˰ʱƵĽܡ˵ͷ˵ͨܵĿ飬Ժˡ
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콫͸ԼҶдϲнͲþڸˡ
ȲҪˣ⽣ѾľҪܹżƷ꾧ܴ߶ܹ¶˿˿֮ɫҶ磬˵
żƷ꾧Ҷ۾һɣɵۡ
Ҫ˵Ʒ꾧Ʒ꾧һҲûУϣֻƷ꾧ԼƷ꾧
ǰ֪Ʒ꾧Ʒ꾧ܹʵŪƷ꾧ҶЦʵ
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ллǰ
Ҷ罫ƿսǬУм
ˣܸıﶼˣʣµҪԵˡûнؾбﶼҶ磬˵
ϾҲ޷֤Ҷߵ;䣬컹ҪͨؾѡţΪ·
Ҷ磬Ҫ˯ˣϣߵ󡣡
˵꣬һţ³һɿֲҶͳǿ֮С
Ҷ磬˵ʵû뵽ܴؾؿ飬õؾĽ鿴ͦΣϲϲҶ磬п
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ܴؾ飬¡Ҷǫ˵
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˵꣬Ҷ뿪һǽϿͼڵĳȣһƮɢŨˮҺһĳߡ


152 Ѫ
Ҷ磬һ飬Щݣﵽʮ꣬㹻ޣͻƵɾ硣
Ư棬ָһ˵
лǰȥˡ
Ҷ˵ͷѸѵ£ֱճţ̰С
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󣬷ƹȣɽųȺ뿪ˣؾ֮£ֻʣĵȴڤӶˡ

ʱһȥʱе֮һЩ󲿷ֱľɣֻС飬ҶڽС
Ȼľʳ˴飬Żľ̺ҶоԼĸԽӵʵ
ҪǣҶڻľУоһţëĻ֮ڻš
ľ֮Ҷһơ
Ѿ֮һΪʲôδͻһɾ磬ʲôʱͻһɾôˡ鿴Ųϼٵ飬ʵ
Ҷϵܷͬһ㣬Ȼٳδͻƾ磬ܸоԽԽʵ
˼ʵڵ嶼ҶպɾͲĿƵؿҶ磬͡
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˫ޣԭǻ˫ޡоҶ˲飬˫˫¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
˵˫һʮּѵ֮·Ȼ˫ǰڵսʮǿ󣬵Խ󣬻˫ѶԽ󣬷̡
Ҷոսɾ磬˴ѪͻȻ˴ѺۣһǿѪ֮ͷų
Ҫˣ֪εǿޡоҶڻٱǣ飬˫˫¶ڴ֮ɫ
ǺɣѪһԻһǿޡ

ͻȻһ͸ǿҶ𣬲Ѻ۵ѪͻȻ飬һѪӰɳҶԺҶͷ
ѪҶһѪɳҶԺѪӰ飬Ծˡ
˵ǿĴڣҶ޻ͨһѪ
ѪѪҶʵ˲䱩ǣֱӳ˾ƿﵽһɾ硣
š
Ҷ羳˲䣬ԼΪһҲɱ䣬ԼԵͬʱԺл˴䡣
ƴУС
ҶϸϸһЩ䣬ЩΪ飬һΪƴУһΪС
ԭԿԸҾϷɱ䡣ҶĬţǼѾԲϵɱ䣬ԼԽﵽεȷ˼ĳ̶ȡ
ԸѪͻƵһɾ磬Ҷ粢ûֹͣǼе飬磬֮
ֱ鿴鼸ףŲòֹͣҶ硣
Ҷ磬Ե˰ɡ鿴Žʣʮ֮һ飬Ц˵
Ǻðɡ
һ۷֮Ҷ˽յ˫վһ
ȻûͻƵɾ磬˾ųĻľȴɹһţëĻ֮ӵһɱﵣɱڸ֡
ΪҪǣӵѪҶսǿѾȲҪ˼һսˡ


153 ˭Ҫ˭
Ҷ磬ܸģѾˣڿ뿪ˡ
鿴Ϣ۾˸ŷâҶ磬˵
ǰ֪ɷҸӦ£ؾ⻹𣿡Ҷ翪
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ؾֿˣѵСĻҪˡ
ڤӿͷֵĿռڶһɱɢһ㣬˫˫ȡ˸Ե˿ռڶ
һҶӿռڶ֣Ƕ˽һɱҶ磬ϵһС

弶ɣˡջ˸ӦʵҶ磬ĵ𣿡
ţǳٳδ뿪ӦΪ˵ҳȥһɱϵһСҶ˵ͷ˵
òҳ֣ɱǡʵ
Ҫ˼һʵáҶ΢΢̣˿˿⣬ս߰˵
ȻҶ羳ʵԶڤӶˣƷ콣ؽƣʮֲϵĲࡣ
Ǻã׼£ȥ뵽Ҷĵƣ˵ͷ˵
Ҷ뿪أóȪˮڣָ˺ľԪһӣ׼
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˵꣬ҶͷһռѺۣǿĴ壬ͳؾ档
ˣ
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Сڳˣҵܾˡ
ڤӱһһֻӰֳ壬ע뵽һų߾Ŵ糤İɫƳǹУһǹâ˺˿һҶ硣
ڤһǹĹٶȿνǼ죬Ҷ練Ӧٶȸ죬΢΢һܿڤһǹ䵽˵ϡ
һ̣һֻȫѪɫƬɺ峤׵Ѫֳ壬ڤӶ˷˷ŭ
Сһֻ
ҶֵѪڤӶ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
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ҶͫΣյ״ľؽ籡֮ǿڤӶ˸оǿҵϢУиǧٿס
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˵Ҷ츳ѾǶ˸о־ͺڡ
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ѾûãΪ˱Ҷıֻȫɱ󻼡
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һֻɫʨֳ壬ţȼһźɫ棬ȼſ졣
棬ѵշһ𡣡Żųĺɫ棬Ҷ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
ԣⲻӦǺα𡣡
ҶӦһ»ȼյĻ棬оԶԶȼµɫӦԼα
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ںϵ˲䣬αӿ뵽ȭУһųβ͵ȭâҶ硣
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ΪڣûǴ˵еı
ϣһϣҾͲţ֣ɱ
˵ţڤеĳǹһצŹҶ硣
ڤȫ֮ʣҲֹȵȭâһſŴҶ塣
˲ɱһ
Ҷͫһ콣ںһĽƿռ䣬һԽٵĽӰ͸ϺĻȭâһڤӶĳǹϡ
꣡һ
ȻڤӵʵԶʤҶ磬ڤеĳǹֻƷܲס콣ĹӲǹ˵Ѻۡ
ҶҲܣӲڤӶ˵ĹȫѪҷվ콣Щ飬ѪѵƤ
ɱѪֽľӲڤӹֱۻֱӱ
弶ɹȻ򵥡
ҶһסӿѪʮȫ
ʲôողʵޡ
оҶٴαǵʵڤӶ˵ɫͬʱˣʵڲţһɾҶ磬Ȼ˶ĵƣвǵ
ȫҶսﵽ۷壬̤λӰ˲佻֯޾ĽӰǶ˷
ҶҪǵѪ棬³


154 ߣ
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ﵽޣҶֳ־콣һĽâſʵԽĻϡ
𣬻ȭ
Ϊ˸ڤӴɱҶĻᣬû㣬Ǹ߶ʩչǿĻ꼼ӭ
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꼼ײһ𣬶ʱγһȵĻ籩ǿķ֮ҶѪһ˿ʧء
Ҷ磬ȥɡ
ǹ
ڤץסҶʧصĻᣬʩչ˴ɱУ̳һһǹâȵĳˮϯҶ硣
ٶ
ؼʱ̣Ҷٻ˽˲ٶȣɵ˰УܿڤӷٴϷ
ҪʵԽĻɱѹ
ȻϳԾҶ米չĽʱݲ˼Ҷ緢ĹѾƽ塣
𣬱
ϱһͷ緢壬ҪҶˡ
ˮᡣ
ſϮ֮ʣҶɢ˱̹ǵĺײȥ
ˮ˲ѹ𣬽һȵĻ綳˰С
ˮշһˮ
˲䶳ˮоˮѹƣ㲻Ļֻȫֿ
籡Ĺ˲۳һʨͷǰ
˲ɱһ
Ҷ˷ǧѷĻᣬеľ콣ںһ𣬴̳һ޽â
һƥ˺ѵĹ̺žؽƵ˲ɱһ˻ʨͷޱȵĻ˻ϵؿڡ
һƿն˳ȥ
Ѫؿڴ˳Ѫ졣

ڤӿϱҶشϵͷ꣬۵Ҷ磬ɱϵĻᡣ
ٶ̫죬һɿҶ˲ܿڤӵĹڻŵûûꡣ
ˮᡣ
Ҷ粻ܵĻᣬˮǿж塣
ȻϽ˲ƿˮĶᣬҶ㹻Ĺʱ䡣
žؽƵķâգһϼֱѪһء
ᣡ
һش壬Ҷοˮ壬ڤӹǰ˫
ţҶڽʣ²ĻưԺУתɻޣԴˡ
ڤӣֵˡ
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ȻڤӵʵǿϣʶҶĵƺֶΣڤҲˡ
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׽ڤ۾е⣬ҶӿնڰлһܣһεĽâնڤӡ
䡭
Ӱնڤȫһǹһ𣬱ѿನ˺˿ҷĿ˺˵Ѻۡ
ǿײ֮ʣҶ米ĽһȣһɹǿĿ磬Լٶȴ͸񱩵ķ糱ڤӷߵĻᡣ
Ҷ羪˵Ĺͳ˵ٶ͹£ڤӵĹƱȫѹƣӰں̶Ͽգǿ̶õضɽҡѺۡ
ʮƣ
Ҷ˼սһʱ䣬ҶȻؽڽ˾콣Уһնڤӡ
µĹֱڤеƷǹ˳ȥصˤԶУѪؿڴ͸

ʶҶµĹڤ֪ٴȥԼ׶༪٣òȼĻǿʩչ˻˵Ļһ⣬̶Եȥ
ڤӣӵõ𣿡
Ҷ翴ڤʩչܣٵȶڰлһĽ⣬գ֮ס
ˮᡣ
Ҷ籩һɢǿбڤӵ塣
ڤ屻˲䣬Ҷ罣һؽƣʮԼˮȫ뵽˾콣С
һѵĽâ˺ſ׹ӣһնڤӣƿһСȫأ۵ʹధ
Ҷ磬Ҫɱҡ
⵽شһߵڤˣϵĿġ
ɻɡ
Ҷ粻ΪѸߣְԴϣתɻޣ˽
ڻˣ
ڤӶ˵ޣҶоڻﵽĳ̶ȣԥĳ˾ƿﵽ˶ɾ硣
ͻƺҶڤӵڤӶ˵Ѫں̶ϣɷд߸֡
ߣҶ硣


155 Բ
ɽѩʥء
ѩ֮һھڱɽ
ˣˡ
ͻȻһ̶ľ峿һƵõӷɱסԺ⡣
Żųɺͳ׳ʲôˡ
ɫۣ˫޻ףıͦȣ§һɴȹƤϸ壬͸˿˿εĽŮӴ˳ǳ
ڤӳϵˡõӻֵ̿
ʲôڤˣ֪һϢɫ䣺ѵؾб䡣
뵽ȥ˻нεˣҴҵ뿪ãǰڵĹ
ܿ죬ڤӶϢڴˣڡ
Ǹ½йл
ɫۣǵһǷһͷ˳ɫɢ˫磬ͫɢԵͳ

Ԫ˵ͷȥҸ¡
ĳ϶˵Ҷйϵѩɫ޳ȹʸţںڵĳͷһֻͷεİٻ翪˵
ݽ˵Ҷܲ򵥣Ҳؾ󲻵ĻԵɱĳ϶ˡ׵˵
ȻֿܣҾĳ϶ӦǷƹȻɽɱġ
ϾҶֻе޽磬ٴĻԵҲܽĳϣͬʱɱ
ĻҲõ˲֧֡
֮ʣһϮɫ޳ȹĸ޵ĸ¸ŽԪС
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Ѫϴڷֶ棬ӶڿͣҶһ޴棬ñҶ統ˣȣԪΪЦ
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ƣѺʦĵطȻǿ֡
Ҷǿ֪һʯԺвƵϢںڰУԽв͸
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ҪǣһҶɳǵȴڵĽĩա

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ĺħɱֱܻԵĹشǵޱҶɣתɾĻڽС

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ܿ죬޴ĺֿһˣƵĺħɱȫ˺ˮ
÷ϣ㿴Щ
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ϣİǣȻǿ»ҡ
÷ϵ˲ܵĴڣԾҶսͬʱвŨŨǡ
ϾҶչ¶ʵȫǿƵķΧҶͼı죬Ǹûз
÷ϣҶӵʵǱ̰ͼǵĹī𣿡뵽Ҷ羪˵ʵֶΣīյ˵
ҲҶˡ÷ϵ˵ͷ˵ҶûӾͺˣҹīˣò˼꣬ҹī˾ܳΪǵ֮İ
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ԼһСʱ󣬸תɻҶ磬ɵڵĻȫڽС
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Ҷ֮ԲϵعΪ͹Ǿʱ죬Ҷ罫ӡŴƵħ˳
׼ǿħǣħǵ㾳硪͹Ǿ


189 ħԣ͹С
ϣԿħ̺ħԡ
Ҷ⿪ħǱƽƣʱ޾ħħͷų㼯ɴĺڹ⣬档
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÷ϣǸϿȥֹɣħ̺ħʴ˴ʶûġ
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÷Ͽħͷŵħ˽һﺣռħ⣬īǸҿֻԶȴ
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޴ʹҶͷѣ·УԴ·Ҫˡ
ټħǴʹ۵ҧ顣
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ʱһһʧҶѪ罫ȾѪˣѪ֮ԶʤˣʧôѪʧѪˡ
ھһʹ̺ѹסӿħԣٵħԡ
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ܷѳڶԣԿһ֣ԼѴˡ
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ħǾȫħԣҶ粻ƣȫתħǵѹУȫĹͷ
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ںһħǣҶ罫͹ǾСɾ磬ǿͬʱٱǣﵽ˾˵ʮ


190 ħǵ
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ȻҪԽԽ࣬ѶҲԽԽ󣬵Чȴԡ
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ħǵĳǣī˵ܣҶѯʣī÷϶һۣԥ
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ʱĻѨλбĻ·룬Ѩλϣ޴ʹ˲䴫ȫ۵鴤Ѫֹ

ĴѨλǿҵĴʹУǱһ㼤ѽҧؿļţٵӿİھ硣
ؼ굤ļֵȵÿŻ굤̺ĻǾˣһͬʱŵؼ굤ܲסҪ˵ͬʱĿŵؼ굤
أĿŵؼ굤ͷŰ£ԽԽأܲסĿŵؼ굤ͬʱͷŵĻһɼѺƤѿ
ȫҲ̶ͬۿ֧ŲסĿŵؼ굤ͷŵű


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ȻҶûлش𣬵īջǴв˶ɣҶȥıӰ΢΢̣С˼


193 ޵
ǵ֮һʮĺԶԶȥǵһ͵Ĵ½ޱߡ
Ϊǵĵḻԣ˲ټҲǵС
ǵǿֱˣԼīˣƿǵ󲿷ǵԵİ
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īõģֻһڸ֣ȫǿƷΧڡ֪ǿħ˵
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֪īպϲδ֣īֵܶ˳һ¶ײеЦݡ
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ţˡ
Ĵħ˵ͷֻ޸ֳ壬֯һĻɫӳ۾

ĴħٻԵޣͷŵʱһ߰Ҷд
һ׳ȫźɫۣצԴ϶ɺǵѪֳҶ壬ͷ
оѪɢĴͷŵܵѹƣʵõĹī˵ŵøεѣвŵ̱˵ϣ鴤
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ҶͷѪĴħڵˣȫ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
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Ҷ籩һӿնںѪͬʱȡ˾콣һ·񽣣Яʮ˺ſһնɫĴħ


194 ƥеս
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Ҷȴƾ賬ʮ콣ԲƣԼѪĻӲֲ˾ϵĲࡣ
ټɱǵؼƷ꼼ҶһĹȫħ
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һĽâħʩչĹצҶһƣޱȵĽâħ̴ִ֣һѪѪܿƵʳ
ʲôôܡ
īŵؿҶ磬󿴵һĻ
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ħܵ˲䣬һɱ̹ǵĺɢſħϣӲ塣
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Ҷڳʮ˲䱬ӿУ˰˵صһĴâ
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شľ콣һնĽâʮɣâɻΣһ־޴½˼䣬һն˻ɫãݺݵնħϣƿȫķն

ӱնħʹĵѪУҵХؼ䣬þòɢ

ŵѪУһϢħħ˷ŭˣ׷ʩչԼѹ׵ֶΣҶ緢֮
ǵĶҡ
ʱɫȹβ͵ֳˮ޼ϮĽâ֯޾ĽӰӲסħˡ
Ȼոͻھ粻ãԶʤħˣټβѩʮǿħ˼սδ·硣
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Ҷȫֳ־콣նһһʮԼԲƵĽâȵĳˮĹħͬʱˣڵѪҵطš
ǿ̫ǿˣһδԽļɱеţҶ粻䣬һܳΪߣǿߡ
վڼװϣҶѸɱħħһĻ÷ϱˣɵøп
÷ϣ˵лὫҶڹī𣿡
ҶǿʵȫīյģĲĽ
С㣬ţҹīֳ츳ʵ޴½Ҳġ÷Ͽīվµףµ˼̾Ϣһ˵
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īҧ촽ЩĵĬ
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ȫѹħҶһһԽٵĽâƳգ˺Ŵأһħؿڡ
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ҶһնħִټֵĵϣĹֱӶ˵ħļֱӽұը飬һش
ħҶشȫħħĵ뵽˵͹ȣеһγ˻ҡ


195 ȫɱ
ǶŸʲôץסīա
ӲȫһѪħסѪ
˭ң
Сǹī˵ҪҶС㲻Ҫ
糤վīߣĿؿһĹī˸֣ǳ
ƣ㾹Ȼұҡ
۾˸֮ɫīҧгݵ˵
īǣǿʩӽƣôᱳС㣬ȥǹԹɡ糤īǶݵ񣬺ʾ˵
ƣɱ㡣
һھīܲסеɱ⣬һںޣҪֱӵ֮ϣɱ糤ϵˣܻīвҶ硣
꾧ڣ
׼÷һ£ʮ꾧ͬʱʮһ㣬ſɫīǡ
䡭
⵽ʮ꾧ڹīʩչĻ꼼Ӳ飬ҲһӰк˵棬ҳһӣѪ
ī˺ȫ˭Ǻֺ飬ͰƷ꾧ѪīǱڵؿ
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һ˫˫η۾Ҷˣ֪Ҷ˲Ǿ˵ˣû
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ĴҶӽһŵؼ굤ٶ۷壬ԾԵٶȣأʧȥұ۵ħ
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ȭ޾ΰɽ鱩ϯܡ
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˲ɱһ
ץסħʧصĻᣬԲƾھ콣Уʮһſ˵
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һƥ˺ѵҶ˽һһЯƥƻħĿѡ
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ҶһħʮȭµĹٴ籡ԲƣӲƵħǱʩչĻ꼼
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ħץסҶ繥ӻĻᣬҪʱĺҶɢǿбס˫ȡ
һ̣һٶȼĽâǰһƿĺѪ罦˳Ⱦ˵档
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ħѪֹĺҪǿͻΧʱҶ̤λӰƵ󣬳ǿһԴϣ꣬˹ȥ
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Ľâٶȼֱֱۣش塣
ѣҪɱá
ҪɱħʱҶȴסһƽصħˡ


196 
䶨ŨѪζĸۿһƬžһ˫˫ηĿˢˢؿҶ硣
磬ǵʲôã
ɻ󲻽ʵ벻ҶΪʲôִ¶˵
Ҫǿл֪㶫
Ҷ纬Ľ͵ûб¶ɻĴڡ
˵꣬ҶǵŻԲѵħħһԾʮף˼װϡ
лڼװϵһᡣ
Ҷ綣һīյ˹ŹֵŻԲѵħˣһĴУѸתɻǶ˵ޡ
ȻҶڲŲٵӰͻٶȣȺڸֵޣҶڻﵽ̶ȡ
ֻҪԸ⣬ʱͻƵļɾ硣
ΪøӵʵҶûżͻƾ磬ľѹס磬ڻǿȣ뿪˴գ˼װϡ
磬ǲʲôҡ
Ҷ鲻߳գƯĴ۾ЦݵףЩŹֵʵ
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ѱĵҶĲѪû뵽ôḻ
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ˣȥīˣΪ㸸ĸ𡣡
Ҷһ۴Цֹѣߵīߣ˵
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һʱ䣬Ҷ磬ī˳Ϊ˾ԵĽ㡣
磬ǰҹīˡ
īָǰԶһռطΧ㣬¥ͤͥԺĽȺӵ˵
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磬ҹī˵Ĺ󴫳ǧ꣬󣬾Ǹߵȼڸ֣һҲųûʮİգǧҪȥīѵʵڲУ棬ҾͲǲˡ
ţȹȥ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˹ī棬˲ƵĹ
磬ҼǵЩ裬а취ƵŹ𣿡뵽ҶƣԼסۣʵ
԰ɣ
Ҷһر۾ǿ͸˹УԵƽ⡣
磬˵˻᲻Ƶ󡣡
Ǳӻعīˣ˹󣬹еī泱ǵʵһƣǽû·ī׸
İɣҹī˵Ĺ󴫳ǧʱ䣬ﵽ˼ĳ̶ȣƵ󡣡
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ʱһһҶܣվԭһϵؿݹѰҹı㡣
ԼһʱҶͻȻ˽յ˫гƵӰ
Բƣʮ
ɻٱƺҶ粶׽˹ı㣬ֱ죬ƺڽеľ콣С
˲ɱһ
۷壬Ҷڰ͵۷壬̳µһ˳գ˹档
꣡һ
⵽Ҷʩչ˲ɱһݺύѺۣҵĲ
ʲôţѡ
Ź棬֩Ѻۣīǣī泱ֵܶû꣬վԭص˫Ȳɵò
̫ǿˣҶܣսˣ󷨵ҲôǺεľš
ĿҶһѹһĻ÷ٴαסīոǱҶ缸˵ֶγĿǰĽ
˲ɱһ
һѹ䵽ԵҶٴն𣬳Źı㣬ִ̳µһ
һǰĽâصعڹϣһ̴˹ƻ۹ƣӲһ޴ȱڡ
Ӱնƣ
ҶӰ׹˲䣬Ҷӻһ½âƻ˹ƣǿ̬Ƶ˹ī˴ǧϹŴ


197 þ߽ɱ
ˣҹī˴ǧϹŴˡ
ҶǿһĻһĨ𾪳ռīգ÷ϵ˵壬վԭأþû˵һ֡
īеīǣī泱ˣƵһĻ˷·𱻳յһ㣬ӲܿƵĲһƬհס
߰ɣǽȥ𣡡
ǿ̬Ƶ˴ǧĹɢ֮Ҷ紩ȱڣͥŲ߽˻ҵĹīС
ĿҶ°ıӰĵ¶˵Цݣһ̣ļ˵
㣬ǲҪٹɱ
Ƶīǣī泱ֵܶˣҶһͷð˴亹ЮһѪɫݻƣɫήҵߣ
̫ϳϡűīֵܶЮ֣ĥĲӵߣīһʹҧгݵ˵ٷ̫ϳϣʬ޴档
ҷҲԣǱӦ뿪ƣϧīְ˹ī̫ϳԴϣɥĲв
磬а취Ͼȳ̫ϳ𣿡
ȻīպɱīǶˣΪȥĸĸ𣬵̫ϳ϶ڹīش󣬸Ҫǣīյ̫游īʵڲ£ѯĿ˸Ҷ硣
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磬ɱīǣҶ紫üͷһ£ԾĴһڸ֡
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īգǵޣٲӦ뿪ݹ顣īǿīճٳٲػĲԽԽŨ
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ϻѪѹīֵܶһ͵ػͷвĻδ˵ڣǷ֣Ҷ籡Բǡ
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ĺâƿīһɱ
Ҳī˲䣬ī泱ˮ޼նâɢ˫ۣһϢĹī̫ϳϡ
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ĿҶʩչþ߽ɱīǵһĻīգ÷ϵֻĲ
ǵļУδĻ꼼˵þ߽ĹǵҶǿ顣
磬ҷкܶҰ
һס𾪣ĿƵؿҶ磬ת˵
ÿ˶ܣ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦĶ˵ףʵ
ߡһ죬ĸԸϵܸҡֱҶ۾һֱĸоĪļ٣һٸʵס
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ʱīյҶߣΪҶֵ̫ǿī˵Ҳ˲Сı仯͸˾η֮⡣
գʣµľͽˣЩˣȥϢ
ҶȻһֻ̤ļɾ磬ڻǿ弶ɣþ߽ϾǵʩչȻʮֵĳڻľ
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ҶѸոס£Ҷƴ֣ī泱ΪȥĸīǾסԺӡ
ʮƷ꾧Լħǡ


198 ڶʴ
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Ҷ翴īյӡںеħǣȵԼС֮һüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ħǴСһЯǿģСһЩī͵
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գɷͨī˵ҽЩˣһƿҩˮԼƷ꾧
Ҷ罫ɱħˣõĻԼһЩ֮ȡ˳ѯʵ
ȻںʮƷ꾧ҶƷ꾧ﵽ˶ʮţ뵽δ֪ĺ׶оЩ꾧ԶԶ뾡취һƷ꾧
磬ôҪƷ꾧
뵽ԼǰǰʮƷ꾧ҪһīЩ档
ţԽԽáҶ˵ͷ˵
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İɣδȥ׶ǰҲ뿪ġҶ˵
磬Ҫ׶ףҪõˣƿصԿףϲĻԿףӦ̫ϳϡīѵ
ʵʱһȥһˣˣǵԿס
Ȼ̫ϳʵǿӵнܵҶ粢ǡ
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ҶԸīˣȫΪ׶ī̾ϢһҶ۵Ļ뿪ˡ
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ϻˣ벻Ҷ͸һİۣתƻʵ
а취۾һҶڴʵ
ұħǣ͹Ǿɳ̶ȣħ̫С̺ԶԶ׼Сħ͸㣬ħǣӦÿԽСɳ̶ȡҶ˵ͷ˵
Ϊں׶õĻԵҶ粻ò취ѵʵ
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ʱ޾ĺɫħħͷ˳㼯һħڷ˻
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ħС̺ħԶԶǿţҶ۳Ѫħҽ棬ܿ˺ײеħ
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׼Ҷԣͷųǿħ̺ħһȫסħһˡ
˴ħԿٵ䶯ѳϸԳԽԽԡ
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һħ̺ħɣͷʹѣɫɷ׵Ҷ糤һĬĬصϢָ
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206 Ŀ
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ʱһȥΪǿƺ͹ֶΣҶ粻֪ƣɹҲʱƣԽԽߡ
أһԽԽҶưپԼӰԽԽ࣬ڵԼһޣҶҲɹƳʮŰپԼʮŻӰ
ӵЩҶԱõ˴Ҳ޷ɱǡ
ʱȥ׶ˡҶ糤һŴϡ⣬


208 ѪȾ
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Ϊں׶ȡĻԵħ֯меĸ֣弶ھĽħھħħ
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209 

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Ҷ翴ΧԽԽ࣬ܱŷǿĹΪԼ˿·򺣹ײȥ

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211 ˿
磬Ǻ˺ƤһҪʱʵҪɱǣ̫ˡ
ĿĴȥıӰص˵
ţһСģ浽޷ܵľأҲɱҡҶһʱ䣬ƵΪԸ
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212 ײ
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213 
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214 
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ڵľͷδ֪֪ͨδĺɫͨ


215 飬·
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218 עһ
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ѪѪɱ䣬ȫ۱ԽԽɵҲԽӷ
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ѰҶĺħѪɱͷŵĿͶ
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232 Ѫν
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û˷⿴ƾѵĻᣬ͵ŤӴһڹ⣬ƻصĹѨУɱҶ硣


233 ɱ
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234 ռ֮
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һȭˡ


236 ־֮·
СȻûʧڣʸ־֮·ֻҪܴ־֮·ܼ̳µĴС
ҶһȭɱӺ󣬸鸡ǰοؿ˵Ҳø˸顣
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Ҫߵ־֮·ͷҪϨ֮УÿϨһ̺֮֮־֮ͻ뵽Уǿ޵Դ־֮·ĺôԶ
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ллǰ
õ鱣Ҷ

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оϬ֮ҶûѪſѪڣͷų޾ŶǾϬ
ޣܵѪͷŵǾϬܵһ˿Ӱ죬ûͷǿҵķ
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ѪһӴٵŤزס˶ǾϬſѪڣһҧ˶ǾϬԴϡ

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أ֮ȫڽѪӴУҶͬʱѪӴֳһףøͰ


237 Ϣ
ڴһյ֮ˡ
Ѫںϵһյ֮֮ʣǧ֮ĵڶյ֮
ŵڶյ֮Ҷ緢֣ȼյĻȵһ֮ʢ٣Ҳ߳һ̺ǿ
ҶվԭأĬĬϢһᣬָĵĻ˹ȥ˵ڶ֮
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ݻѾܴˣѪǰݻСèһСĹȴʮֿ£ĻצݣϵѪֱۣӹҶꡣ

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ݻĻצѪĸ˺һӣѪѪڣҲݻļҧˣһ̵˶С
ݻ뵽ѪУ棬Ҷ꣬ں棬Ѫ̺Ļ
ݻʮֿ£ܵ˺Ȼ͵Ĺƣһһ־֮·սҹӴ˺ۡ
Ҷ־ˣ˸ǿģǿͼֲסˡ
ɣ
ڣصĽݻסѪһһ͵ĹƣƵѪצ˺ѣȵ棬ڽѪ֮С
ݻ̺ԶʤǾϬҶܵʹ󣬿ļš
Žݻ֮ȫڽѪ֮УѪӴųһףͷϵġֹƸӵ
Ϩڶյ֮𣬲֪Ϩյ֮ҪáҶһϢָһᣬǰ˵յɢ֮
ʮ׸ߣСɽһ㣬Ż֮սһ
ͬʱʧܣ鴫ͳ׶ħںײˡ
ôҲʧˡ
Բ۾ɫ޷뷨ĺħ˵
ǵȿ˵죬һָоǸΪǣĿҶⶴСħ˵
ҵʵҶߣΪʲôѡⶴļ̳ߡĵ˵
һָоԼܼ̳жУԼһɱǿʥޣɹ׽٣翵
ҶӦƬĹأõĳֶӶ˸Ͽɡ
뵽͹Ĺħ²ǹĹеı쳣
ģ֪СôãǾ͸òһнɱ˵ǻںޡ
ʵõ׶Ҳǻ£ֻҪػ˲ɡħݵ˵ɱϵһжǵġ
ţغһˣ
˵ͷħֱ˺׶ڴȴҶ

ǿ̫ǿˣ̫֮ǿˡ
ѪսҹȻδֳܷʤ
ҹɱѪ˺ۣȫأȴԽսԽ£͵ĳϽѪӴײɡ
Բƣ
ƾѪ޷ɱҶ籡ԲƣѪſѪӳɿعӴ
ԲƵĹεȵ˼
ҶҴ־֮·ԲƵĹ
񱩵⵽ѪԲƹӴǧٿףһɹȵİɫܵȼſ졣
ߺһȼգӴͻȻ٣Լٶѹ˺۵Ѫ
ԲƣС
ſµĳѹ޾ĽƼӿѪӴγһŸٻĽУӴϯ棬Ľɱ
ܿ죬ӴԲƽ飬͵֮ӿѪ˺۵֮УҶꡣ
յ֮Ҷ࣬־Ӽ㣬ѪҲ֮ģܿȫѪ
һѪѪҶ紳־֮·İս
ԼĸʱҶȫں֮࣬ѪҲøӿ¡
Ҷǰ̩̹֮ʱ̩̹֮вµΣϢ
һ̣ȵĻһֻ׳̩̹֮ѪڰжԳ⡣
Ѫ̩̹սһʱҶе˾޴ѹѪĹƱȫѹƣҶ綯Բƣ޷رľ档
˻
̩̹˻һŻβͺݺݵسѪӴϣµĻֱӽӴˡ
һ̣̩̹ѪڲϵرһҧѪĲϡ
̩̹Ѫӣһ˺ѷΰʹҶС
ѪӴͷ̩̹һҧгݺύѺۣһ̣˵ʵᵽϢ


238 ѪѪ
һûԼ·Ҳ
ԽԽۿҶ緢˲ŭ
̲·һ˲䣬ԼݵһҲʼ
һ߼䣬ûûη޾壬ܿ
Ҷһ˲䣬Ժ˻ӴԵ˻ָʶ
ԣд
ԼʼҸոԼˣŻסģҲãҲգɱң˭ң߱
һ̣Ҷȫ޸һɿµĻӿֳһϢѪָױȵĻֱӽӴ̩̹˳ȥ
Բƣ֮
ԲҶбһƴ֮ҵĿռпһѺۣǧĺ̩̹Դϡ
꣡
̩̹Դ⵽ԲݵĴֱ֮ӱѣţĲӡߴ磬ʼѡ
ܿ죬׳̩̹Ӵˣ˷ص֮ӿҶС

ں̩̹ɵ֮ѪӴһУ̩̹ɵ֮
Լһʱ󣬱ĥҶں֮־üǿޱȣѪҲʵı仯
໣
ֲ쳹أ˷ں̩̹֮Ѫ˶νѪ
ӴɳǧףѪɫ۱üӲޱȣͷϡֹɢѪ
˵Ѫ̺Ļﵽһڸֵˮ׼ҪǣѪɶνɱѪҶӵ˷ǿ߲յͨ޻̬
޻̬޵ս̬һܴս
޻̬ҶպսУѪȫںϣ仯̬ӵѪȫ
ڵĻӦÿԴ־֮·˰ɡ
ѪҶоԼʮսﵽ壬Ѹٳڵŵ֮ԡ
໣
ҶûѪ֮𷢳ײе
峤ﵽףа׳ɫƤӲĵѪڣҧѪ־֮·ս
Ѫ̺ĻԶѪԱģĵսʱͷ˸šֹƵѪռ˾Եƣצϵƿ
ҧڸֵͣȴ޷ƿѪۡ
໣
Ѫһֹͷųµѹס˵
ţѪſѪڣһҧס˵Ĳӣֱӽ˺ˡ
ӴѪ˺飬ȵ֮ڽѪӴУĻ
ÿٶȣ⻹ʱ䣬ȻϨ˵յ֮𣬿ʼսյ֮ˡ
ҶһϨյ֮һĻȫ鿴ԽӵĿء
ҲĿԴ־֮·̳˵ĴС
־֮·Խ֮Խ£Ҷս֮ʱٴ뵽ս֮С
ѸĹٶȣѪĹúް취ͷŵ֮ȴѪ塣
޻̬
ƱȫƣҶ籩һѪںһ𣬵һα仯˰˰޵޻̬
Ѫɫ۸ȫǿķͷؿڣĹֹҶͷ֣ɢ˸εѵ֮
ণ
񿴵Ҷ仯޻̬쳤Хһʾķ˹׹й糱ˮһҶ硣
Բƣ֮
⵽ͷŵĿ׹޻̬ҶûܣԲ籡壬ǿɲĴ֮ӭȥ
¡¡
ɿµĹһ𣬶ʱ춯صıȡ
ͷŵĿȻ£ɱڸ֣ԲݵĴ֮ӵĿ¡
֮䣬֮˺޾Ŀףݺݵغ㲻ϣ嶴ˡ
أ
Ӵˣ˷ذ֮ڽҶУѪĻ
һ죬ֻһʱϨ֮𡣡
ν޹Ȼ£
͸־֮·ĿҶݴ֮ɱһĻ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ

һʱҶڴ˸߰Ҷں֮Ѫøǿͷøޡ
֮µʱӦ㹻ˡ
޻̬ҶһһԶȼӳ־֮·ħԳֱ֮ӷ˹ȥ
ħԳ̺֮Ļ˵֮ܺͣټħԳĿ񱩼ܣһʱҶ˼鷳
Ѫϵɱ䣬ʮֵĳ棬Ҷ羭飬־ޱȵļ㡣
ټս˵޻̬ƻµԲƣҶħԳ֮սδ·硣
һ죬죬죬ʮ졭
ҶħԳ֮սʮʱ䣬ƾ費־߰սϨ˵յħԳ֮
ںħԳ֮ѪӴɳǧף̺Ļѹκڵޡ
Ҷ翴һ̤֮żᶨز˹ȥ׼սһյ˵Ĳл֮


239 µĲл֮
֪Ĳл֮ѶΡ
Ҷ翴ŵڰյ͸Ź׾֮ӳ־֮·֮һ˹ȥ

Ҷ翿֮ʣյ֮ȼûһų߸ߣĿ࣬İ͸ſҰ֮ɫӡ
һʮ죬ϨҺķʱ䣬յ֮ɾ磬νޣܲӿɫصҶ磬˵
ǰⶴˣ
Ҷ翴ŸǿΣոоӣʵ
ţⶴµģԽҰɲսʣѾˣڼģҽ־֮·һƻǡɲսʵ˵ͷ˵
ɲսʣǿߡ
֪ɲսʵݣҶ¶һ˿η֮ɫ
˵ս޻Ƕ½Ĵڣӵлصͨ
ǰ֪ΪʲôҪѾ˼ⱱ´УѰҼ̳ˣ
ǰʵûͽܡҶʳеɻ
㴳־֮·ȻὫԭ㡣
ҪģǽҵĿ飬һڻңܼ̳ҵ󴫳СʧܣԶΪһյ֮𣬿ˡɲսʲһ˿˵
ڣÿ׼𣿡
ǰѾ׼ˡҶһᶨ˵
ã
ɲս۾ɱһһĽâҶǰâ֮쳬Ҷ練ӦٶȣҶһ޴ݲصĸоֻͷԲȫ
ͣ
ɲսʽ֯ĽâȫԲʱͣһϢʱ䣬ͽ䴩͸ĺɱҶ磬ҪĻ塣
Σʱ̣Ҷӿ˴Ѫ⣬ƶٶȣ˲Ϣ֮˷ӦתŲƣյܿ˽â
ӦٶȻ˵ûá
ҶܿԼŷĽâɲս¶һ˿ѱЦݣһҶоϢĻɢǵѹ
⵽ɲսͷŵĻѹȣҶóأжóٻæƶͷϵġֹɢǿ֮ѹȡ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ𣬰ɲսֻҶ硣
ֵһ˲䣬˱ǽҲˣһжٻҶ޷ܣᵽŨŨΣС
ɲսʴһٶ̫죬ҶϾݴֻܼ֮ͷԲƻ㼯ؿڣǿеֵһĹ
ͣ
Ҷ㼯ԲȻ£ɲսʴһǿֱƿԲƺ۷û뵽ҶУ嶴
һ̣ɲսһ˻صҶ磬һ
ԼһΪһʹ˲䴫Ҷȫٴᵽĸо
Լʼη޾壬춼ңο顭ͷ߰־ҶǿŻ塣
屻ҶޱȣѪںϣָ̬
̫ˡɲսʿ̬Ҷ磬ûгʤ׷Ưգ˵
ԼһʱҶָƣٴѪںϣ仯޻̬ɲսʽ֡
Բƣ֮
һΣҶֱʩչǿĹ籡Բֱǿݴ֮ɱ˰ɲսʣȫһ
䣡
ɲս⵽ҶǿݵĴ֮·һյ𣬾ҵĲ
ҶĴ֮Ȼǿޱȣȴδ˵ɲսʵĻ壬Ҷĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ƣ
ᵽԲݵĴ̺֮һƲĵƣɲսˡ
ɣ޽жνѾ˳Ҷɾ磬˷ǿ߲лĴ֮ȫ˰ɲսʵ
ţӾеţҵĴнϣҲõѡ񡣡ʶҶ츳ɲս˰֮ġ
ҽǱȫɣҵҪǱж󡣡ɲսĬţ֯һӰҶ硣
֮ʧܣȻӰҶģܿ죬Ҷʰɲս־֮·ͷս
Լʱ⵽ɲսʳˮĹƣҶ罥֧ɲսʱŷĻһ壬ٴλ̬
ǿ̫ǿˡ
ѪѪںյ֮Ѵﵽڼޣ԰ɲսʣҶȻо
Ǳʶоɲսʲлʵ´ﵽ˾߼ޣԼԿģҪܰɲս졣
Ҫܻأ
̵ɲսʼ޵еʵͷǿ޸Ҷ˼š
о־֮·һԴֻԼûҵˡ
ֹһ죬ҶɲսʷսΣ˽ʱ䣬ٴαɲսһ壬塣
޸
岻ϱɲսشʴҶ磬ûоԽսԽ¡
ʱҲǶ˽ּ䣬ٵţܿ죬¹ȥˡ


240 ĥ
һǿ뿪ˡ
Ҷ粻Ͻܰɲսĥʱһǵں׶ǿĴһֱƣԼѡ
һ̣ʧ֮Уֻƣ뿪˺׶ȴռڡ
ǰģ
ǰİ׹ʧѷԼһϵĴУƯǰԶæǰʵ
Ǻ׶ռǸͬ飬ڽĿ飬ܳɹܼ̳˵һС
մĹ⣬ˡ˵
ߵ󡣡
Ȼ֪׶жѣҶħħ֮ӱһ˴գĥѡ
ǰ˵ͨĿ𣿡Щĵʵ
ԭҲӦоųɿͨ˵Ŀ飬̳˵²˵
ųɰգ
Ļѽŵ¶ЦݣŵҲ
ˣܿʱٸôɡ
˵ţſͣһˮɫˮһ㣬̺žľʯƯǰ
һźľúɣȻʵᱻԽԽԶ˵
ллǰ
˫ĺľռպľ
һǾҪˡ
о׶ͻȻǿĴ֮ħԴһҶ֣ǽشҶ硣
ţôˣ
ȴһᣬħ֣ƣ⣬ҶѲδ֣æס˶ˡ
ƣв֪࣬ħαʣδܴǿл֪мֵϢ
֮£ƣһͬһǰʱ䡣

أ
ɲսʳ޻̬Ҷһȭǿ޻֮ˣڰС
УҶѾ֪ɲսʺ˶ٴΣһδε֮䣬Ҷ־ûмԽԽ㣬ԽԽʢ
߰Ķ־ðɲսʶԽԽ⡣
ۣ
Ҷɢڸٵۣٴα仯ǿ޻̬һƺӱ޾ľ⡣
ƣ
Ҷ籩һԲ籡壬˴֮
ͻȻҶӶˣһϸĽۣһĹ켣˰ɲսʡ
һ̣Ļ֮ںϣ˾ǽҲˣƥеĽðɲսɫ΢䡣
ͣ
ɲսӿĽâ⵽ҶȫһһѺۣһϸţëĽƴ˰ɲսʵ塣
ȻƽƼϸȴһɲսʵˡ
ɹˣڳɹˡѵİɲսʣҶ¶˵Цݡ
Ҷ֮һɲսʣΪҶһֱѰҰɲսʵ㡣
иŬҵˣҲˡ
ãܺã㾹Ȼܷ㣬ǳҵϣܲɲս˻壬ĶҶ͡
ǰ㲻ͨˡҶ翪ʵ
ͨɲսʵ˵ͷ˵ڽҴǰ׼һݻԵһ飬ԸԸܡ
ԸܣҶ붼û룬һڴӦ
ãϣסʹ
˵ţһǿ֮ڰɲսɢһŴڣһڽҶɣ
ںħԳ֮Ҷ걻ĥʹɲսʵĲлħԳ֮ǿʮ⵽γɵ֮Ҷ۵ļѺӡ
أ
Ҷȵ֮±ˣƵʶҲΪ걬ԽԽģԽԽ΢
һ˵ĸĸ꾫⣬ͻȣľǴ꣬еʣ⣬ǿպ·ŻߵøԶ
ʱɲսʵҶһ㻽ģʶ
ǰ㾡ܴס
Ҷ֪԰ɲսʵǿҪԼô鷳Щ˵
ã
Ҷ罻ְʱ䣬ɲսʼʶ˵ͲģҲķ֮𣬰ԭ
ҪӴ֮ˡ
˵ţɲսʼӴ֮ǿȣҶһʹİ֮д
ʱһһҶоÿһ붼˵Ѱ·һԼҪֲס
֣һҪסһŬ֮һ˿ִͲͷҶʼûзţš
أҶʹĥ£ɥʧʶɲսĥ꣬ȴ֮ĥɢԡ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãͻȻɥʧʶҶڻѣҲȫ޸ˡ


241 󴫳
ˣоô
¶ο֮ɫİɲսʿҶָʶڻʵ
ллǰĻԵ
Ҷ۾ԼѾع˱壬һƵĹŵС
ɲս֮ĥþޱȣѪĻ⣬ǿ
㲻лңһжŬģʹҺܼ˵һޱǿĵġ
ˣͨȫĿ飬²ļ̳ˣڼ̳󴫳ǰ뷢Ϊһ¡
ɲսĿƵؿҶ磬˵
ǰ˵Ҷ
ұ𣡡
˵֣ɲսʵЩȶȻ޷ĥļ䡣
֪ǰĳ˭
Ҷ²ɲսĳ޲򵥣ʵ
ҵĳⱲյΨһͽܣҲⱲӷµҽеѪעϣ˭뵽ΪһŮ˱ңҵеһС
˵˵ţɲսʵøȶһҶо־ɱ¾֮ɢ
ǰǸͽӦǷʸְɡҶʵ
ţڻţʵٳңﵽļս޻ʾ硣ɲսһסӿɱ⣬ŬԼƽ˵ڵݣӦ޴½һˣǳֽɲġ
ôҸұ𣿡
ɲսʿҶ粻ɫʵ
ǰģĳҸ㱨һӢ顣
Ҷ֪Ѷȣʹ޵ľĵͽҶӲηѣԥӦˣԡ
ãܺãȻ֮ʵԶûеĶǾǲޱǿ޵֮ģһ죬Ϊұ𣬵ʱǵˡ
Ҷ統ģɲս¶ο֮ɫ
С֣ӽҰɲսʵĹŵˡ
Ҷ磬ݼʦ
Ҷ˫ȹأɲսݾߵʦ֮
úúã
ҶıԶȰɲս㣬ΪͽҲǰɲսʵĸ֡
ڣҴұ󴫳Уɲ޹ɱ¾ʽɲսʾҶվ˵
Уɲ޹ⱲĻԵڻ꼼һϹطһϹżеõģҵĳƺҲ
ɲ޹һаؾ磬ÿһؾ磬һɱ¾Ȧһ˵ɱ¾Ȧ˱
ɲ޹Ϊɱ¾޷ɹҪɰɲ޹Ҫͣɱ¾ɲսϸ˵
ɲ޹
Ҷ粢һɱ֮ˣ֪ɲ޹ɵüͷ
ô𣿡
Ҷüͷɲսʵ
ڸɱ֮ˣͽȻ飬ѪȴҶ̾Ϣһ
뵣ģиط㾡ɲ޹ɲսʵ
ʲôطҶüͷһ£ʵ
֮ɱ¾֮ǣɲսʵɱ¾԰㲻ɱˣƮҲ㾡ɲ޹
ɱ¾֮һʮΣյĵط㲻ɱˣҲҪɱ㡣ɲս˵
ʦɱ¾֮γɵģ
īҲҶἰɱ¾֮ǣɲսᣬҶһ˿Ȥ
ɱ¾֮Ϲģǳ滹ѹһϹַҲĵطɱ¾֮;赣ǿ赸һγɵġ
һܵõ̥ǵı仯ҲΪʲô쳣ÿ껹д޴½ȥԭ򡣡
ˣɱ¾֮ǵп˵Ҵڶ󴫳С
ڶ󴫳У԰ɲ޹ΪԴļƷ켼ɱ¾ʽ
ʽΪնǣħѪҹҹĹƷգԴĹɲսʼϸĽܵ
ڣϥãҽɲ޹ɱ¾ʽڸ㣬úü䡣
ǣʦ
ȻҶһŵ̫Ҫ֮߶ʺҶ磬Ʒ켼ȴûơ
ӵԣҶˣɲսʽһɲ޹ɱ¾ʽҶȫסˣðɲս¶⾪ϲ
磬츳ⱲӼߵģʦҷǰΪͽʦⱲĸɲսʺ֮ʡ
ʦˣͽֻȽϺðˡ
Ҷ֪Լ֮ԣԣûԣҲûн
Ҳǫ飬ʦһɳ죬ʦĴз󣡡ɲս˵
İʦͽ㶪˵ġҶ˵ͷĵ˵
ʦ㣡
ˣڽⶴвдڽڣ㽫ɲ޹һؾ磬һȦ֮һһݻԵɲս˵
ǣʦ
Ҷ˵ͷȴڽ壬ʼԣʮõİɲ޹


242 Ѫٴ
ʱһȥҶʱ䣬˿ռ䣬ڰɲսʰ£еľͶ뵽ɲ޹С
Լһʱһ˲ɱҶɢγһʺ״ɱ¾Ȧ
ں϶вɲ޹һؾˡ
оɱ¾ȦԹҶ¶˵Цݣɰɲ޹Լֶһơ
һʱ佫ɲ޹һؾ磬ͽܵ츳
뵽Լ꣬һʱ䣬Žɲ޹һؾ磬Ҷȴʱ̵һ£ɲսʲϵس档
ɰɲ޹Ҷֿʼɱ¾ʽɱ¾ʽڽС
Լʱ󣬷ʳҶɱ¾ʽֻʩչҹҪĻ̫ǿҶĿǰʵʩչΪѡ
ĿǰһУɲսѾľˣ޷ԼѪɱ¾ʽҶֻ˰ʱ䣬ڻͨˡ
ĹУûԼһһʽ
ôһ˿ܣƶ½ļ翵򡣡뵽ԼĴУпŹʣɲսҲɵЩ
磬㵽Ժεȴ
ɲսʱҶݣ츳̲סеĺ棬ѯʵ
ڱѩϽûκεʦšԼݣҶûκε̹ϵ˵
ʲôһ˹ȡ
֪Ҷݣɲսˣ޷ͬһڵķ˹ȣҶȾµҶһŴܡ
˳磬ǲǻ˫ޣҽ徳ߵľ硣оҶгŻԵɲսʵ
ţѾʼˡҶ˵ͷ˵
辳û뵽㾹Ȼȸ幦ɲս֪Ѷȣûдˣ޷辳
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ռ·ݣɳ̲һ󶴣а屻ҶԴ֮ŭ˴룬Ѫ罦˳
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аδǰҶתɻԺʼɢޣ˽
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ͷƣĺѪҹѸһǹɴ۾ʧȥɣѪ罦˳Ⱦ˵档
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Ҷ磬ϣ㲻Ҫҵȵ̫á
ĺѪҹ¶һ˿Цݣ̤Ҷʬ壬ɾԼİʤս
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271 ѪԳѪ
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ѪɫۣȺ֮еĺѪҹһںѪҺʺҺ壬ս߰ؿҶ磬¶Цݡ
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Ѫ֮ĺѪҹоȻѪԳѪⳡҪǰˡ
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ʱ˿̣û˿Ҷ磬ķչҲΪĺѪҹѪԳѪת


272 ۷Ծ
Ҷ磬͵űɡ
ĺѪҹѪɫ۾ɱȻ˵µɷ˸εѡ
ôѪԳѪôţ
ܵĺѪҹǵʵҶ粻Ϊ޾Ѫ壬һ߰쳹ʣ졣
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273 ĺѪҹ
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ĺѪҹʵҲôûƣⳡԽˡռݾƵҶ¶һ˿°Цݣɫ԰ףѪĺѪҹ
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أԽԽصĺѪҹѪԳѪʼˣĿ񱩼Ҳʧ˴ء
ҲģעҪ̤۷壬ʧڴˣĺѪҹҧأϵźţ¶֮ɫ
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˿֯ɵĳϹĿȵؿѣԵ˵

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Ҷոձ̫ǿƣ˼壬һʱûһ˸̨ս

ȴ˰ʱ䣬һɫۣСɢŹŹϢīɫצԾ˱䳡ϡ
СޣʵңĺԵΪֹˡѿͣ¶һڶĵĻ˵
˵꣬͵ؼ٣ԼٶȱƽҶ磬ڿ״ʱһźɫķĩ緢Ҷ硣

׷ĺɫϮҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ӿ壬һˣ˶ۡ
㾹Ȼշһ𡣡
ǶصĿǣӿҶ𣬿ɫ䡣
ҪʱȫȼҶ͵̤һӡЯž˵ʮ˿ߡ
嶾צ
ӡоϢһֻ쵵Ķû뵽壬ȫһӭȥ
꣡
һ𣬿ֱϵצܲסƹˣǿıâݺݵغؿϣ˳ȥ
أ
ߵڰбѪ֫ɢһأµһĻ˲
˭ս
˿ɢҶվƮѪζı䳡ϣԵ˵
ףħ㣬ȥ
ȺУһĿؿҶ磬һɫ΢΢Щ԰ףɫף弶ھӵһźɫĵҩ
İʮϣұؽնڵ¡
ӽߵķħ̵˶Уһֳһشͷ󵶣Ծ˱䳡
ףû뵽Ȼ̨ԣԣûгɱ¾֮ʵ̨𣿡
˼ˣ֪ǿ
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˵ףҶ¶һ˿Цݣ͵һǬشʮʬȡ˳
䣡
ʬ䵽ʱ޴Ӳı䳡˵ѺۣĵһĻӵĿ̨ѻȸ


279 ˸ս
ô
Ҳǻ˫ޣҶеʬʱ΢΢Щ仯һָоԼΪԶҶ磬һսΣա
ûһ̵ڵķħͷų񱩵˲עУʵ
˲Ϣ֮䣬׽ħʵһﵽھ磬һֻͨɫɺ׸ֳ壬쳤
ʵ𣿡
ӵоʵҶ¶һ˿Цݣ屬ʮֳʮصʬϮס
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ҶȫϮħ״̬ױһɫɺڽУ˫ֽͷ󵶣ȫ˵ɽ֮նȥ
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ȫһնʬʱıĻ𻨽䵽Уķǡ
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ӲҶһоֱ۷飬ֱӴĹࡣ
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ÿµҶﵽˮ׼˰ɡڰɱ¾֮ǴѪ޿Ҷ絥ƾѹҶһĻɵ¶Ծ֮ɫ
ţҶ´ﵽʮټǰʮصشƻѹڣ׷һŷħˡȫںɫеӰӵ˵ͷ
Ӱӣ޴½ǶЩ˽⣬֪ǷȿµѪʵ
ǵĵ̫϶崫СӰӹɵ˵
ô˵ҶпǣѪüͷ˵
¶ۻ̫磬ǼȥɣǣҲõԼȥ̸СӰ˵
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ʵǵޣȫɢſ֮ױһӿն˰ٵصһĵӰնҶ硣
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Ʊװը죬µķ֮糱ˮ⣬صӰܲסʬ׷顣
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׵ܵ籩⵽شѪߵķݣ׹䵽ϣɥʧս
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Ҷɱ¾ȦѪޣӰ໥һۣ˱˴е𾪡
ͨɲ޹Ƕ˻ȷҶǣҵλǾԲͣûʸɲ޹
ң˭ң˵Ҿɱ㡣
ҶֳʬѪֱԴϣݿܵ
Сң˺ףұ֤ʬ޴档
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ҵޣ㲻˵ҾµҶûߵľ棬ɱȻ˵
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ҶɭȻһӵ˵
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ԴҶһ飬ѪԽ罦һأĿġ
СҺƲ߿׵ʬ壬߳ŭ
ôҪΪս㣬Ӧս𣿡
Ҷ翴˫Ѫ죬ܻĻߣֳʬָƵ
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ҶƵ̬߷ŭȫɤۣͨ졣
ȻʵԶʤףﵽھ磬ȴһָоҶʵԶԼ֮ϣȥ졣
ôưˣողǿڿҪΪڸˣΪʲôֺˣ
ǺӦսĻߣҶ缥
ҵǷɱ¾֮ǵ涼Ƕˡ
űҶ޵סͷڹĻߣѪɫ࣬޲Գ֣ˡ
ҵţսǣ˭ӦսҶԵʮ˵Ļͬڵһ㣬˵Ķը죡
ȻҵЩѪҶŭ𣬵׵³ǸӦսֻѹʡ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪţŶɱ¾֮漸㣬ɱ¾֮أ޷ֶԸ㣬һɱɱ
һҵʵǳ
ģһһսеţϣǲҪʧҶ¶ѱЦݣƥе̬ҸĪĲˡ


280 Ҳ֪˵ʲô
˭ġ
һܻĴѶǳ޲õҶҵӡ
һָоҶпܸҺķѼѪŴһƽ١
ҡ
ŻףոҶҵ¶ί֮ɫ֪εı⡣
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Ҷ磬ȻܿϷս㣬Ӧս𣿡
ߵ޵ݣ޲ڸضȥʱһԵʮ𣬻Ҷϡ
ɫۣ۾г֮ɫ֮ǿѹȸУʵﵽһ߳ˡ
ߣ
ɢϢҶͫΣյ״û뵽ɱ¾֮һ㣬ԼߵսԼµǵݡ
ĺˣˣϣĺ߿ɱСӣܰǲˡ
Ѫ޿ͻȻֵߣ¶˱Цݡ
СĳǣصţĺͽһԲȴĺĽ
ݺܸܿˮˡӰӵͳ˵
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ҶĿؿĺߣη˵
ʱʩչħԾƻõ峡ʤҲĿͶ˹г˵ǡ
Ȼš
һݣ纮ǣü罣˫޻׵ĺ۳һԵɫĻ磬ֱӷɵҶǰ
֣ǸŵСҪΪĿˡ
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۵ɫܵĿ̨ʶߵʵû˿Ҷ硣
ǿҶǿҲֻڸ֣֮ʵ࣬ء
Ҷ磬ıӦȻˣǶԸ㣬˿ԶԸ㣬͵űŰɱɡոճԱ澡ʧĻ¶˵ЦݣԺѾԤ뵽Ҷ籯ҵĽ֡
ĺˡ
Ҷ罫ʬսǬУ˫֣ĿƵؿźߣƽϲ˵
㵨ɱĺţΪѪҹġɢɺĹâη
ҸɱȻĺı
Ҷ¶Цݣϵɽһ㶸Ȼ·һѳʵıޱȡ

Ĳǧ׳˫ͷѪֳҶ壬ͷֹɢÿ̨ϵĹľսŵɫɷף̱ڵϡ
˫ͷѪӾ˿µޣ
ĿҶޣɫ΢䣬¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
Ϊ𣬾ɡ
ں˫ͷѪҶ˲ﵽ۷壬ȡƷ콣ýָɫѿĺߣԵʮ˵

û뵽Ҷ˵ſýָԼȫŭˣһɢĳǹɳǬָһǣҶĿѡ
һǹҶ콣оžŰʮһƣԲƺʮӭȥ
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ס֣ס֣
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ס֣Ǻʤδְɡ
Ҷ翴ŴĺߣΪԲƼ緢޾ĽӰ
ǲ״ӡһҶĹһߴʵ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
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֮¾ʹգϷ䡣
֮£һĺߵ䣬Ծ䶷һĺߣʧֵ䶷


281 ս
ȻҶǵ״ӡ
ĿҶʩչɲ޹ɱ¾ʽĺ˼ɵı֣Ѫɫ쳣ѿüͷšһ
ʵѾϵҺ޹˼ɵĻɱĺţ֤ûнĺ
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ܣҲпֻΪӰ˵
Ӱӣ˵ǸôԸѪ޵һθоЩ֣ѯӰ
鷳֪ѶˣȻϳءӰĵ˵
鷳⵹һð취Ѫ۾һҶѾҽ鷳¾ͽȥ죬ҵҪ޾鷳ǰϼɱ¾֮
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ҶֳƷ콣ɢƥеƣܣԵʮ˵
ʶҶߵһĻڳ˶ʵסûһ˸ҳս
ǹɰпҵʧˣҵݡ
Ҷĸ֪п֮뿪ˣ֪ԼʱΣˣһ֤ʵԼǺĵӵǼðģԼĴΣա
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£뿪ɱ¾֮ǡҶ簵Ծ
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Ҷûκεͣͨɱ¾֮һĴ󣬴͵ɱ¾֮ڶռС
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ȻҵľߣҶɫѿؿ۾б֮ɫ
ǧѪңҶɱ¾ҿɺáĿɨһҶ磬Ƶ˵
ȻⳤҪֻɱ¾־СòŮӸҵߣ˵
ô𣿡Ҷɫ˵
ǧѪңҶڱصãԼƤ±˶ߡ
⡭
ҶʣòŮΪѣ֪λش
¶һ˿ϷʵЦݵɱ¾֮ȭͷӲҾҪǿҺΣ
˵ţߵҶ棬֧ɱ¾֣ǿǧѪҺ˺Ҷ
ڻ׼뿪ʱҶȴסս㣬Ӧս𣿡
ʲôսңһתϷʵؿҶ磬һ飺ûɣҪսң
Ƕ䲻ãǲӦսҶͱһЦҲԣҾһȺͷڹ꣬ɱ¾֮һ䶷Ҿ̹ˡ
Ϊ˵õҪǧѪңҶԲϧۻɱߡ
㡭
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Ȼҳȫ㣬ҽսҧгݵ˵ͷϱ˵
ѣȥ䶷һὫϹԴšҹ
Ҷֻѻһ죬޲˽
Ҷ磬ҷһҡ
һǿаסӿŭзĵҶУַǷ䶷С


282 
Ҷ磬Сĵ㣡
ѽҶĴ֣һŵĶ
ȻҶʵǿ֮ʵأΪɱ¾֮Ƽ壬ֺѲɵΪ
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˵꣬ҶһԾڰлһӰһ˵䶷ֳ־콣ָɫⳤϣԵ˵ɣҿҾǲ˵
Ҷ绰һ䣬ֵ䶷оǧˣ̨йڵĿȫ˹۷׷ס
˭Ȼսⳤϣѵ֪ⳤǾ𣿡
ʶǸһͷɡ
ҷвˣɱ¾֮ڶ㣬͸սһ֮һⳤϣǻˡ
Сӣˡ
ⳤ˫ؿýָԼҶ磬ǻеŭЩķըˡ
ף
ⳤȻŭȴûд⣬Ѹȡһ˫Ʒȼ˸ŵ׹ףϡ
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ⳤٻ޹˲䣬峤ǧ׵˫ͷѪֳҶ壬ͷų˲Ź˻Х
Ѿܴˣ˫ͷѪȣһСӣ޴ⳤϸеһ˿ѹ
찡ûпɣ˵޾Ȼһ˫ͷ
˸սⳤҲЩ̣ھʵҪܾⳤ̫ˡ
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䡭
ӿĿϵرը籩ϯܣµӲ䶷òѺۣ䳡ķѡ
Ŷ˽ֲƻŶı̨ϵĹĿɿڴ
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Ҷ磬Ÿոտʼڸ̫ˡⳤɫ˵һ˫ɫȫɻ۶ɵĻ

ɫһȣ磬˲ⳤϵٶȣҶ緢˳ˮĹƣҪٶȣѹҶ磬ռݾԵƣһٽɱ
۳ⳤٶȾˣҶǿӦ£ⳤϹ켣ϱҶǰ졣
̤λӰݵܣһٶȲӰشⳤʼ޷ƾٶѹ
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ۻҲ޷ȡѹԵƣⳤϷŭˣһŻ֮ӡƬĿѹը
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Σʱ̣ɱ¾ȦٵΧҶ֮⻪ɱ¾֮ҹâھ콣мռ˺һʮɵĽۡ
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ۣ
һĿѪ⽦㲻ⳤҹâƿѪؿڽ䣬ڵϴĿġ


283 ֮ŭ
ⳤˣߵⳤϾȻǸ˻ˡ
̫ˣ˵Ĺ̫ˣһǵһμڻ˾ߡȶ̫ˡ
ؿˣѪ罦ⳤϣ̨ϵĹ¶˷֮ɫ۷׷ף˵Ŀⶼ˹
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Ҷֺһ֮ˮ˲ָĵĻѹסƣ˫͵ĵأڵϵض
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źϼӿҶ壬㼯޾Ļߺɫⳤϡ
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ŭװը죬籩ϯռ䣬ֱӽصⳤɣķֱˡ
ը죬汬һĻڳ־壬ƣҵľ߶ɫ䡣
籩⣬Ӳ䶷ʧһ룬ɱ¾֮ڶ㣬ӵȨⳤ弸ٵʧȥս
ʵڲҵĶ
ʱͬأִ֧ŵҶѪ׵Ż籩ְԴϣתɻޡ
籩ɢȥʱɫ԰ףѪҶ߳˷䶷ⳤ˫ۿնڵϣʧȥޣҲʧȥ


284 Ļر
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ⳤϵʬ嵹ڷһƼң޼ϵɴ˫ۣŵؿǰһĻ
ȻԤ뵽ⳤпܰҶ֣֮ȴδ뵽Ҷʵɱ
ڻɱߣ𣿡
ȹŮӺ໥һۣ˴۾е𾪡
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ѿѪ죬ƼصҶ߳˷棬˹ȥѪֱۣܵŵʵ
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ѣҵ̫ˣȥһңҪˡ
ҶȻʩչ֮ŭɱⳤϣҲ񱩵ĻƻĲӡ
֮ˮµĻֲָ֧סˡ
Լһʱ䣬ɱ¾֮ڶһ߼ҡ
ִֵҶ߽ʱҲ֧ŲסһһͷԽѷĻС

ҶԺͷ˫һڣ˹ȥ

ʲôĳˣҶɱˡ
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Ҷݺܲ򵥣пܳһµʥأӦŪݣ취Ըҿ»鷳
ɫۣһɽ룬۾˸žâҴϽ˵
ҵȻ֪ܲ򵥣ҲᾪѪϣǶԸغ˵ɱĳϣҲܾôŹ
ϣٴʮɱ¾ȥɱ¾֮ɱ¾֮еĸֶԸҪɱ¾֮֮ءغ۾͸֮ɫϧɱҶ硣

Ӱӣ˵Ҷɱ¾֮ڶ㣬ɱҾĳϡ
ɫѪҵӰӣҶɱⳤϵ
Ҳ˵ˣǰƷʥĶţǱ̫ˡڰΪһӰ˽յ˫˵
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磬оôҪҪ
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ˣҶ粻ָƣʵڻﵽ˶۷塣
ָƣҶϴһ裬ϴϵѪգɱҳϵõǬָ˳
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ԵҶƿǬָеĽƣͷŻ͸˽ȥ
ǧɱ¾֣ҳϣȻܸС
ɱ¾֣Ҷ绹ҳǬָеõʧõǧѪңҶ켶Ʒ꼼걮ؼ켼Ʒ꼼ѹצؼƷƵĲϵ֮
켶Ʒ꼼걮ؼǼֵǣҶʱ佫ɣԼֶΡ
ţƷ꾧ҳǬָоȻǧƷ꾧
鵽ҶǬָзһӡŴƵӣƿӱƽʱҶķ֣װǧƷ꾧
ǧƷ꾧ټһǧһٿƷ꾧ʮħľԷӾߵʵĵơ
߰ѣȥ䶷ȡʮʤǰɱ¾֮㡣
ҳϵսǬҶ绻һɾ·뿪˸߼ңǰ䶷
е䶷Ҷ緢֣Լҳϼսݻٵ䶷̨޸䶷̨ϣ߼ҵĽɱıڶ
쿴Ǹɱⳤϵ䶷ˡ
ʲôⳤɱģûƭҰɣ˿ᡣ
㶮ʲô־ǲóжϵģǲ֪˸ս𣿡
ҶӰ䶷ʱΪ˾ԵĽ㣬һ˫˫ηͶ۷׷ס
ҶӣʵѾԶԶɱ¾֮ڶߣ׼õڶлֱ֣ӽɱ¾֮㡣
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ҶѴ͵ɱ¾֮㣬ȻޱߣأУ䶷һӦȫ
У԰εļԺĳС
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ɱԼ֮ˣʵǿҳϣв
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˵ţһֻ׵ֳɭ׵壬һɾ춯صɱбҶ磬ҪƾʵɱҶ磬ѡ


286 ô

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Ҷ˫ͷѪںһʱҶʵڽܿͻƵ۷塣
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⵽ܼ׹Ҷӿ壬ͷ㼯סһ׵Ĺ
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ȫںڰеĿӿҶ壬ٻ㼯ҵ֮ɫ
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Ծ֮ʣҶٴαƽ֮ڽУٵƵı㡣
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ҶһָԲӿһٻָԾ˵ٶĳ
⵽Բ۵ָû׵Ťˣڰб
ˡ
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ԼķѴѪµƣҶһƵһˣ˼ľ


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¶Ƶȷʵҵϣһǲףذɡ
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288 쵤
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ҶԶھ磬Ƴ켶굤½
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ȵĻ¯зžҺ忪ʼ໥ںϣȻںϹУ˲⣬ʮζЩһ
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һ̣ŶӴСɫɵĵҩɳ¯һɹɢֻһھܾ
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ķʱ䣬ҶڳɹƳżֵǵ쵤


289 ͻƣ
磬ĳɹˣ
ŨŨҩ㣬ҶģŶӴС̺ҩ쵤һеĸо
ʮһ꣬ӵпȾߵʵ켶굤ѺɣֻҪҶ粻䣬һվڶ½֮ۡ
ţҲ쵤Ҷ԰׵¶ǳǳЦݣ˵ͷ˵
쵤ˡҶ󷽵Ľ쵤͸ѡ
磬лл㣡
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ѣǲǺܸж
ѼģҶ¶ǳǳЦݣ˵
ǰҶˣ֪أ¶˲Цݣεε˵
ˣСܵӿɾĴݲСõҶƳһͦε˫壬Ц˵
磬˼òÿ
׽ҶѲ¶欵Цݣͦͦӣĵʵ

ĲΣҶһ֪λش
ôҿ˵Ϊûп͵زӣϽ̹ף㵽ϲϲң˵һʱˣһ£ռռ˿ѺһֻŮϵջҶ硣
һ¡Ҷ۾һɣٴοΰķͣһܲڿ㣬ˡ

Ҷ磬ҷԽԽҪˡ
㣡ݣ룡
һܵ˵ǵҶһЦ
ѵЦһᣬҶ糤ʱľڷеϢָһᣬ׼쵤ھ磬һʵ
ܣǻ
Ҷ罫ٻ˳ΪԼԷԼͻƾʱ˴š
һ׼ҶѷֱˣҶóһɢŨҩ쵤ӽС
ʱҩҶͷų籼ڵĳˮ˳źһ·ӿ£עȫľС
ɻ
쵤ҩͷţҶסһתɻڿӿҩʵ

ܵתɻӰ죬߼ŨܵӰ죬Լٶӿû뵽ҶУͷγС
أҶȫľ쵤ҩԼŨſһɹ˺ѵʹȫѪ˳ȫë͸˳
ʹԽԽǿڤ״̬еҶȴƾ費ţٵתɻڿӿҩʵ
ҳϵޣҶڻ̶ȣ쵤ڻܿﵽĳ̶ȣ˫ͷѪøӵǿ
쵤̺ҩ̫ǿˡ
һʱ֮쵤ҩҶоĻˣ˫ͷѪ̺ĻҲﵽ˾缫ޣ޷ɳˡ
ڣͻƣ
ʱ죬Ҷûѹƾ磬ڿӿĻƿˮɰͻƵھ硣
ͻˡ
ͻƵ˲䣬âҶбĻ࣬˫ͷѪӿ£ɭ׽֣ҶԼһս֮
ҪɱɭǵżľߣҶ֪ԼĿǰʵȻԼֻнͻƵļھпܡ
ͻƣҶתɻڲҩʵ
쵤ҩȫڽҶУڻɣȴ˴ĵǿҵĿҩԡ
쵤ĵö࣡
Ҫͨսĥڵĵܼ쵤򽫴˷쵤ҩЧ
Ҷ̾Ϣһڶ쵤ʵͷ׼ֱǰɱ¾֮䶷
ʱһһȫħƣʹĥһ쵤ʵ弶۷塣
һ쵤Ҷһʵͬʱȴ˴ĵòڡ
߰ѣȥɱ¾֮Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿ЦݵҪЩҵ˵ȼˡ
ţ
ѵ˵ͷҶһ뿪˸߼ңͨɱ¾ֱ֮ɱ¾֮㣬ֱǰ䶷
Ҷ˵Ӱ䶷ʱĿ⣬һ˫˫ɭȻŰˢˢͶ˻Ҷ硣
Ȼҿĸ߼ͣɱ¾֮ò˶Ҷǿҵɱ⣬ҪɱԴȡʮɱ¾֡
Χһ˫˫ҶȻ޾壬һԾһֻ䵽һ˵ı̨ϣɢŲƥеƣ˵Ҷڴˣ˭һս


290 ҽӶ
ÿСӣ
Ųƥ̬Ҷ磬䶷ը˹Գʵ׵߱ŭˣԾԾҪ̨ս

ͻȻһһˮɫװİ͹£毺ã弶۷徳ŮһԾһԾ˱䳡ϣֳһѼƷȼĳָҶ磬۾ս⡣
¶㲻Ķ֡
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ʱһɿµķ֮͸ŮֱУֱ۷飬սֲ
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̵Ҷ£Ůɫ΢䣬ĸ߰ûȥٵĹӰΧƣûһӰޱȵҶ硣
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ӰĽâϯҶʫ续⾳ֲʧĽ޲ڡ
ҿ㡣
ۿҶҪӰĽӰûŮϷ˿˿Ц׼һٻҶ硣
ܿϧʵ̫ˣ޷
˵ţҶ͵̤ǰһϢ˲ʮбſܼˮơ
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˲䣬ҶյһָԲ۵ָŷĽâŮӡ
Ҷӣ飬¶ûж⣡
оҶһָĿ£µŮŵûʧɫС
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ȻŮӳֻ֣Ϊд裬ҪɱԼ
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ң䡣
Ȼвʣ뵽ոĸоŮӵˣս⵴Ȼ޴棬ҧʪ촽䣬Ծ˱̨
лҶ飬˶һ𡣡ŮӿҶŹŮӣһм˵
˭һս
ҶŮӵ˵ͷĿջأ˫֣վ䶷ϣԵʮ˵

Ҷ绰䣬ߵȿֺһԳʵף̰ͼʮɱ¾͵ԾԾԣɱҶ磬ȥ͡
û뵽ô֣
ȻǶɱңһϰɣҽӶ١Ҷɢƣ˵
ȷͬʱ˵ս
һ˫޻ףϢ񣬲ϴһ飬ʵﵽ۷徳Ļ߲ʵ
˵ˣҽӶ٣Ҷη壬µ˵
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֪ߵغļһұΪҶǸû뵽ȴһͷ࣬ʧ
ɱ¾֮ÿռ䶼Զټҳϱɱ飬ҿɱ¾֮㣬֪Ҷʵʵ˲ࡣ
Ҷһ֮սߴ̨֣۷׷ףû˿
ϣѸٻɱ
Żһڸͬʱ֣׷ںϸԵޣʩչǿĻ꼼Ҷ硣
߹ǿĻ꼼֯һγӣ׺ƥϵ˺ѿҪҶ
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ۡ
ߵȻʵǿ󣬵ʵϾԶԶߣ⵽Իɱߵ֮ŭʩչĻ꼼׷顣
ǾУХ籩ϯǣݻǵ壬ֱɱˡ


291 ս
ˣǶˣ
һɱĸҶֻھ𣿡
ĿҶ䶷̨ɱߵ˵һĻڳ˶ˣĿؿͬ˹
̫̫ˣ㣬Ҷֻھ磬ΪʲôĹ˵Ŀ¡
һսҶŮҲǰ˵һĻŴˣЩԼ֪ѶˣŭҶ磬Լ»ͻߵһ³
¶ѹ㣬粻ʵҶȻ粻ߣӵжԿߵʵҲῪʮɱ¾
ûмŭҲȲ㡣Ůһסĵ𾪣µ˵
˭һս
ʩչ֮ŭɱ˻ߵˣҶתɲ޹˿ƮŨǵһ𲻿ƥеս񣬹°վ֧䶷̨Ե˵
Ҷûһ˸ҳսոΪ߼ͣҶ¶ɱߣŵֱ۾Ѹ䶷
ҶԵʵɱ¾֮֮ʣʩչħҲȡʤ
ͬʱ䶷һݻķУҴϵͨһ⻬羵ľʯĿҶʩչ֮ŭɱߵ˵һĻ
ϣղҶʵøǿˣٷɳȥ潫ΪҵجΡ
ݣɫƳ۵üͷ˵ҶᵽŨŨΣϢ
ҵȻ֪ͷ󻼣ɱ¾֮㣬Һͼȴɱ¾߲֮㣬޷޼ɵɱ
뵽ɱ¾֮ϽԽɱˣҲеһ˿Ρ
Ӵͳ룬˭ɱҽʮɱ¾֡ε̾ϢһֻܼӴͳԸҶ硣

Ҷӣ˸ս㣬䶷ɡ
Ҷֱͦ˼վڳŨŨѪζ䶷̨ϵȴһʱ䣬ûһ˸ҳս֮£һɫȹͿĨźۣ֬ķŮ˳˵
ǺãѱǾ뿪
ҶҲ֪Լʩչ֮ŭɱߵ˵һĻ̫ˣ첻սĵڳȴѵı
Ҷӣ֪ʱǽöԸл¶顣
Ҷȴ֮ʣŮӶһ˹ףȻһЦʵ
ʱޣԷͲˡ
Ҷ翴һĸƤ𪣬µϺ˿˿ЦŮӣҡҡͷίľܾ
Σķɱ¾֮кܶ˵Ҷ粻˷νʱ䣬ҲŮӶʲôϸ
ȻǾͲҶʱˣö빫պãҲá
ҶܾҪŮ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫûǿ󣬽һöҶ磬ת뿪ˡ
򣡡
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¼ɱ¾֮һϸܡ
Ҷüͷһƣû뵽Ů˵Ѹ
ԭͨɱ¾֮ķʽսÿߣֻҪսʤÿߣֱӻһɱ¾֣ӵһʸ񡣡֮ʣҶл֪һҪϢ
ţÿ߶нܡ
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ڵļ޿ȶ۷֣ĺɱ¾֮ߵʮߣӵкεȵʵҶ
˽ɱ¾֮ʵҶɱ¾֮ʵе˳Ծ
ʵұҪʵɱ¾֮㽫ҵļޣҸ߼£ʱΣաҶһԾ
ţɱ¾֮һֻԵߵᣡҶֻ֪һҪϢ¶ŨȤ
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ұҪץʱ䴳ˣҽɱ¾֮ᡣҶĬ
ԼһʱʩչħȫħƵѹԵƻԼĶ֣ȡʤ
ʤ֮˸սգҲǰһս
Ҫսʨ𣬲֪ɷæһ¡
ǰҶҵ䶷ˣķĺȹŮӣ˵
ҶӣȷսʨߣӵһѪҺսȾߡȹŮЩԾʵ
ȷ鷳㰲һ¡Ҷ˵ͷ˵
ǺãȻҶѾ䶷ᾡҶӰŵģźʱ䣬֪ͨ㡣ȹŮӿҶ°ף뵽˵Ĺ˵ͷ˵
ţ
ɫ°Ҷ˵ͷûйͣ뿪䶷


292 ߵİΧ
ɱ¾֮һƬɫ˵ĺ֣һռ޽ļݻͥԺ
Ժӣɱ¾֮ʨĵط
ɱ¾֮ѵλãӵһͥԺʨɱ¾֮ĵλ
ʱĿ࣬ӵһͷɫͷ¶ǿ׳ϰʨһźƤҡϡ
ɴȹƤ𪣬毺õŮӹ࣬ỬС֣ᰴĦĴȡ
ʨⰡ
ʱ䶷ˣķĺȹŮͻȻУһܵʨ¶Цݣ˵
ۣôпǲˣ
ʨ۾ķϣɢջĺȹŮӣ۾͸¶֮ɫζ˵
ʨˣҽ㣬ǸһϢ
ȹŮʨȵĶ棬޳СȽһ𣬵˵
ʲôϢʨüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ҶָҪս㣡ȹŮ˵
Ҷ磿Ǹҿʮɱ¾͵Ҷ磿ʨ۾һ͵˻֣ȹŮȥ²ʵ
ţȹŮӵ˵ͷ˵Ѿǵʮɱ¾ˣûȤֶԸ
ʮɱ¾֣СӵôֵǮʨ۾ˡ
Ȼɱ¾֮ߣȻȱɱ¾֣ӵʮɱ¾֣ȫͻƵ߾硣
Ҳû취ҶʵѾǵԤϣ䶷ҶֻһУɱ˹ߵˡ
ȹŮûҶս䶷ʨ
ʲôֻһУɱߵˣĿõģ
֪һϢʨ°¶˾֮ɫΪҲ޷ɱߵˡ
ĿãҶĺܿ¡ȹŮӵ˵ͷʨԽԽף˵ôˣ
ۣҳս
ʨüͷһ𣬵ͭۿźȹŮ˵
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ôҶˣʨȵʵ
ԭûи˵ϳսϿԽƷŶܽ㣬³֮󣬻ϻٽʮɱ¾֡ȹŮҡҡͷ˵
ģ
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һ磬һᰲҶ䶷ϣӮ
˵ţȹŮӴǬָȡ˰ɫŴƣʮֳصĵŶܣʨ
û֮ǰǲġʨѿͣŵ˵
ɱҶ磬һᣡ
˵꣬ȹŮûоôһ˵뿪ˡ

ѣɱ¾֮ԶиӣڵĴΣգҾھ뿪ɱ¾֮ǣȥǵī˵ҡ
ɱ¾֮˸̵˽⣬ҶԽӵĲۺϿ֮뿪һΣգԼʵ͵ҲлͻΧܡ
磬Ȼɱ¾֮ôΣգһ뿪ɡ
ȻҶսȾߣɱ¾֮ǲ߼ѲİΣ
İѣзִ磬һᵽΣգһ뿪ġ
Ҷɱ¾֮ŨȤҾûмðնһʱ䡣
ˣ߰ɡ
˵꣬Ҷֱͨ뿪ɱ¾֮ǰɱ¾ǵĸۿڡ
Ҷ뿪ɱ¾֮ǰۿʱ߷֣һʱ䴫ѪޣҼ˶С
ţҪ𣿡
Ѫ޵֪һϢ¶֮ɫʱ̹עҶĶ򣬲鿴ǷҪ뿪ɱ¾֮ǡ
ҶߣԸ⿴Ľ֡
Ѫ˹עҶ綯֮ʣȫˣҼ£Լٶȸɱ¾ǣҪɱ¾ǻɱҶ磬Ծ󻼡
ѣҪԥ뿪ɱ¾֮ǡ
Ѹ˺ĺۣоΣյҶѸѵ˺֣ߴٵ
磬һҪҡ
ؿҶ磬֮ɫ
İѣٰ꣬һǵ㡣ĵףҶŵ
ţҵ㣡
ѽҧź촽ĿỨؿҶ磬˺֡
źԼٶʻεɫĴ󺣣ҶһתȥٷҾߣ¶ηЦݣһս̤ųصĲǡ


293 
Ҷ磬ҵ뿪ɱ¾֮ѾܾˣҶѷɡ
ɫ˿ۣ߳ͦΣҼغĿɭȻؿҶ磬ɱڵ˵
Ҹ£ȻҵıҪţְܳɡҶЦһ˵
ܣǵĵӡ
ҶĻغɫ΢䣬뵽ɱ¾֮֮Լغ鲢ȫҶݡ
ŲǣҪ־;죬Ҫɱ¾֮ˡҶЦһߣɫ԰ɱ¾ڳȥ
ȻҶ˾ʮðգȷʵûѡܼðǵסߣǼ˵ʵ׷ѵĺ֣ʱǵĴӵΣա
ǵ𣿡
ҴĿ˸ؿҶıӰɫˮغ飬ʵ
˵ǻɱҶõʱԺҪɱˡ
ǣ
뵽Ʒʥǵʵغȭͷɿˡ
ҶǣҪ˵ңɱ¾֮Ҳ˺
غ黹뵽һ㣬ǾҶ罻ȫԴѪ޵ѪԼԸҶҶʮʮа˾ġ
ϣջҷͣԼҵӣҶ緢ͻ
غһѡҶݣε
Ҷǵݣҵ飬һʱ䴫Ѫ޶С
һȺ֪Ҫ⣬Ѫɫޱȣ˵غ飬ջͣɱ¾֮ʧ
ڻסˣѵĺҲӦʻԶ˰ɡ
˳ɱ¾֮㣬Ҷ簵һֻҪɱ¾֮УҲҪԼɱ¾֮أ޷޼ɵɱԼ
Լǰסĸ߼ңҶ罫ɱߵ˵˳Լջ
ǧɱ¾֣켶Ʒ꼼ʮؼƷ꼼˼ƷʮһƷƷ꾧ٶʮһţƷ꾧ʮš
ţ֥һ֥
ҶԻɱߵ˵ջǺģֵõһ֥;ϲ
ߵ˵תƵԼǬָУҶ翪ʼޣȴȹŮӵϢ
һᣬϵ궯һ£ȹŮͨƣһ磬ʨ۷ԾϢ
ȻʨûͻƵ磬Ϊɱ¾֮ߣҶȫţӵжԿߵʵûд⣬Ũ״̬Ϊ䶷׼
Ҷʨ۷ԾϢһ쫷磬ϯɱ¾֮㣬е߲ŨȤ׷׸䶷ҪĿ֮ĶԾ
ĺȹŮӣ̧˹սļ۸񣬲ȴûܿ죬䶷ϯֻվŹս
쿴ʨû뵽ôˣԽյıӰ
ٽԼʱ䣬һӰ䶷ɫۣ̤Ƥѥɫɢ˼ǿѹȸеʨȳˡ
ÿµѹϢûмǴĻʨɱ¾֮㣬Ѿʮųʤ˰ɡ
ţʨҶ磬ʮʤսη
Ρ̩ɽһ㣬վ䶷̨ʨ𣬲˱˵ʵϵΪ͹ľ
ŶϻƵļʨʮָо¶Цݡ
ͻȻһ°Ӱӵ䶷ȻʨûмҶ磬°ӰʨĿȴ
Ҷ磬ˣҶЩȲ֮Ľˡ
ǰľԾʣ붼˼
ಣ
Ҷߵ䶷̨£żһ㣬ǰͻȻģ˲Ϣ֮䶷̨ϣĸߴʨңӡ
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ҶʨһսͬСɣΪ˱ⲻҪȹŮ˿䶷̨߷ʮͬʱ䶷̨
û뵽㾹ȻսңԼʵ
оҶľ磬ʨ΢΢ЩԾԾھ磬Ȼһɱߵˡ
ҶԼʵһš
Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿°Цݣ˵
ȻһȤˣĽ»ʧ
һʬ壬ʮʤȻԴȥ͡ʨЦһײе˵
ҲԸա
ҶɫƽػӦƷ콣ϡ

Ҷϵľ콣ʨ۾ʱˣΪɱ¾֮ߵҲûһ
ܵõ콣Ĺ㲻ͻ磬ҲĻɱߡ
Ҷ磬㹥ô£ʤһҡ
ʨϵǬָһһأ沼̣Ʒȼشȡ˳ָҶ磬ɱȻ˵
ķϻࡣ
Ҷҡҡͷ޾ĺӳ壬ǧ׳˫ͷѪֳ壬Сɽһͷ
ȡ
Ҷ籩һ˲˫ͷѪںһЯƺͿµһնʨ


294 ҶVSʨ
˲ɱһ
ƶеҶڣͻȻԲƣ˲Ϣ֮䣬콣ںһ𣬻һޱȵĽâһʨؿڡ
ÿĽ
ʨͫһֱۼ͵ͣܵĺ˼شЯǿƻӲҶһ˲ɱһ
ˣ
̶ײ𣬻ǷɽҶһڼشϣ˴Ļ𻨡
˲ɱһʨֵҶתɲ޹עصľ콣УµĽâϵ£ʨϵļش
ʮӲʨӴˡ
ԵʨҶʤ׷һ⣬ޱȵĽâ̳һϯʨѹĹƣĺˡ
ʨһͱѹˣһɱߵ˵ĸ֡
Ҫʨܱɱ¾֮ѡУΪɱ¾֮ߣĲ󣬶Ű֮ѪҶҪ̫ˡ
һ
Ʊѹƣۿ˵䶷ԵʨһڵĻˮкһ㱬һǰĴӰЯƾ֮ǿƵҶĹƣһ
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ʨ־İУޱҶɣۣͭĿ


296 ɱ¾֮Ĳ
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ȻҶʵԶԶԤϣʱչأʵȫţʵԿԻɱҶ磬õʮɱ¾͡

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ҹɫˮڰɱ¾֮ƺ̵ľ¥Ժ߳УѹйеĻ档
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ջ֮Ҷûоôίܾ˰ӰŵŮޣ뿪˽׳صסĸ߼ңչ
Ϊպɭ׵ľ׼


298 
һʯӦûľ֮˰ɡ
ص߼ңҶɭｻʯ˳
Ȼֱӷʯ飬Ծޣǰھ飬ʯɼٻľ֮ҲҶ罻ʯԭ
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һؾ磬Ҳѵһؾ磬ǰܺͣһʯཫ辳Сɾ硣
ʱһһҶǿƥ־ŴʹһתԼĹ衣
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Ҷһܴʹٵʯ̺֮Ź衣
ڣʱ֣Ҷеʯˣ̺֮ȫҶɵڣ˹С
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Ҷ翴һ۴ϡ⣬ڷϴһ裬ϴɾϵѪһɾ·ǰ䶷
ҶչУɱ¾֮㶼ɭ׵۷вֱעԶı
ȻҶɱʨʮɱ¾֪ͣɭɱ¾֮ĲԵߣĿĲߵġ
Լû˿Ҷ磬ǿҶһɱ¾֮Ĳսɭף


299 ҶVSɭ
쿴˾Ҷ磬ȻôˣԽյıš
иƨãһлҪʵ˵ɭߵĶ𣿡
ھʵغϣͻᱻɭɱ
һϮɫƳۣƮнâ絶ǷȶâҶ߽䶷ʱ·һʯǧˣֵ
Ҷ̨˶һ˿Ӱ죬һԾԾһ˵ı̨ϣǹһͦζ˫ȴɭ׵ĵ
Լһʱ䣬һѹֵɷֵı䳡ɫ˿ۣ̤߳ѥɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ɭȶŵɫĻطˣ䵽Ҷǰ
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Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳ֻ˯һʱˡ
ŷŮӣĻԵӣҶûмһ˿𣬷Ĵϣˣȴᵽ


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ܵ˲䣬һٶȼӰǰҶ罫ѹµһȭؿڡ
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һ̣Ҷһɥǰתɻޣ˽
ʱһȶǬҲɱԼĶ֣սԼҶ磬ǡҶĿײһ𣬼εĻ𻨡


309 ɱ
Ӧûн˰ɡ
Ҷ΢΢̣Ŀؿűս߰˵
˼ˡĴЦһȻҳȫ㡣
˵ţ۳ɫĻű̹ǵĺԼٶȷ˹
ণ
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⵽޺ڽǱ񹥻Ҷͫһûܡ
Ѹ̤ǰһһװȫڵĳˮӿУľӡ
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콣ĺסҶԲƺͰ֮һ˺⣬˱Ʒȼİȡ
һĿĻ⼤ҶһӲˡ

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310 辳Բ
ϣ˳ϴ赤
ɱ˱Ҷصסĸ߼ң˷Ůӻ˯ʱ䣬ϴ赤˳
ʣʹȿʼɡ
Ҷ纬һ֮ˮóɱõͶ뵽¯Уͷʼƣеʡ
ļޣ̺żǿڻʱ񱩵ͷ˳¯Ҵܣ¯Ҳ
ѹƣ
¯ԽԽҶӴǿѹ˿񱩵ٵشеʡ
쵤ľ飬ҶַԽԽԼĸʱͽеʼ

Ӱӣֳˡ
Ѫ෢͵̫ѨٴӰң
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˵꣬Ӱ΢΢һٴڽ˺ڰ֮Уʧ
Լһʱ䣬ɫ۵ӰȥĵȴĴǰ
Ӱӣô˵Ѫ޽ʵҶһ̣УҪǿаεֲҡ
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ãǾҶڱQ졣
ѪȻɱ¾֮ǴϣȴΥɱ¾֮ߺ޵˵
ΣԽԽҶȴȻ֪ʱȫϴ赤ϡ
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Ѫһʱ䣬ʼˣӿص¯Уû뵽Ŀϴ赤ڣһĿϴ赤Ʒʡ
ϴ赤
ϴ赤Ҷԥһ̺µϴ赤ӽУתԼĹ衣
ϴ赤Ǵ񵤡
ϴ赤̣ҶоһɹɾڽԼУɱȫĹ裬ѪҺ
ںڵѪҺ˳ë˳ȾѪˡ
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Ҷ绨һʱ䣬һϴ赤ʱڽ辳ɾ磬ﵽһٶʮ
ϢһᣬҶԥóڶϴ赤ӽУϴ赤̺ϴ֮ȫĹ衣
Ȼµڶϴ赤ҩЧԶԶһţҶ绹ǽϴ赤辳ųɣԲһ֮ң
ϴ赤ҩЧ½ڳ˴Ҷû˷֮׵ϴ赤ǽ˳
ɱ࣬ҶΪ衣

Ҷſͣ³һ𣬰ס࣬ƳһʺѪҺһ̵˶С
ļޣ̺ǿѪ֮ҶУٵɱĹ裬ĻѪȫĹ˰ɫ
ԼʱһǿҶڱ࣬Ҷ̤һ辳Բ硣


311 
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оϴ辳ԲҶ¶Цݡ
оԼ˫ͷѪѹһ֣Զ֣Ҳȫһս֮
辳ԲҶųѪҴϴһ裬һɾ·ͻߵ˳
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ȻǶĻ꼼ȼͣȴʺҶ磬սǬָУҶ罫õʯҺɱɭ׵õ˳ƻľɡ
ʱ֣ľɹʯҺ飬ƻ֮Ҷ籣ĵơ
ҪǣľʯҺ˵ڶƬɫҶƬʹҶӵʵӵǿ
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һɽʱһ̶ƿͻȻǶС
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ûгֹҶ簵һ߽˴Уͨ͵һĿռС

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ĹлڣƼ׷Ϸƾƣ֡
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ԸҺģҶ΢΢һЦʹشӦ˲Ͽͷô죿
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ĺ˵Ϣһ£һԾһǹƿ뵽˾С
˭仹һ
ҶЦһһӵض𣬽ĺ뵽˾С


312 ؽ
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뵽УҶǰľ˱仯һΡľشɽǰ
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ŷͷĻӵԵҶ˻ʵԥ콣ȡ˳̤ʯݣһȥ

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Լʱ䣬ڽҶɹʽУһºſռѹʵʯף˾赵ؿռ䡣


313 ޷ܵʵ
Ȼؽһ׵ǰʽϿ׵ĵȼ±Ȳϲþ߽ӦһƷ
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ţļھҶ磬ȡñԼҪĳɼ

ĺһһŻָ굤ӭԽԽǿĿռѹʵʯף˾赵ؿռ䡣
ͬʱҶǿԼĹֶΣûн˫ͷѪͻֻסУĺ꼸ͬ˾赵Ĳռ䡣
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ѹȻԽԽˡ
ҶһС֮ˮָĵĻǵӿĿռѹ赵ռʵǡ
һʱˣոĵ˻ڴ赣ĺ֪Ǵڼˣ˭Ц󡣡
Ҷĺ֮Լٺ֮ھȴǵĶĶſ֡
ܴǰǧǵֲпܳʯϣҪʷǧҪ赵ؿռ䣬ɱ̫ˡһɱ¾߲֮㣬ԾΪ˽ĺ¸ֵ˵
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˵ţϳһΣһɫӰ˾赣ߵķԼٶ׹˵档
ۿʧصҪڵϣɫӰһԻȶס塣
ĺ꣬ڽˣ֪մ˵ڼ㡣
ŵ赵ĺ꣬˶ĳɼ˺ġ
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ĺһסƣܣûзҶӰæѯؾ赵ϡ
Ҷ绹ھнܿˡǵ۾ɫ԰׵ĺ꣬˵
ʲôⲻܡ
ϵĻһ׺ԿհһƬʧ̬ľ
赵㣬һʽл赵ĺ޷ʵ


314 ˵仯
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ģֻļھ磬ĳɼܳңʵӦ˶㣬ھ赵ʱŻҾá
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˴й屦ѳ˶½ķ롣
㾹Ȼ֪ǳҵϡ˵ȷʵҵݣܸ㣬гһշҲһ졣
һĴܣ
С벻õڱŵصıʵ
룡Ҷ붼û룬ش
õűŵصıҽѹа𣡡˵
ǰ˵Цɣǰʵаô𣡡ҶЦ˵
Ҳ½磬ǽһһ׷ɱʵޣֻǻı壬ɱ¾֮;赣ѹڱŵ֮С
ôȥˣа㲻ҲӦñɱ¾֮赵ʧһصĹ屦Ҳ͸ֻҪʵһǹ屦Ӧа꣬ȥһ׮¡˵
ǰɱ¾֮;ʲôȼıҶ˼һʵ
˵Ϊ̫͵ȣɱ¾֮;Ⱳıֻ㼫Ʒ̾Ϣһ
ƷƵ
ĻҶʱЩˡ
Ʒ˵Ƕ½µı̺صҶӵһƷǿ߽а塣
̺˿Ĺ屦Уȴͬ
ɱ¾֮;赼ֵߣŵȴǳĹ屦˵
ʲô屦Ҷæʵ
ܱ֮Ϊ屦ĶԲͬ졣
Ǿ߱İʬǣһȥаʬԼ޷
ŵѵܶߵǿŹŵһ
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ܰа꣬ȥһ׮£ǰʬǣ׻ʬǣԼŵеﶼġѭѭյ˵
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ȻҶ֪аΣأʬǣ׻ʬǣջ̫ټһĿǣðһԡ
ͨ˵ҶԼµݣпһĴܡ
İɣ֮ҽŵصͼ㡣˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷԡ
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İǰǿģҶ˵ͷ˵
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ǰ׼ʲôţҶʵ
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˵ţʯӳ޾Ĵ׹⣬עҶУٵʵ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҷоڻˣ˫ͷѪҲﵽ˻ޡ
һ̣Ҷͻ˾磬ﵽ弶ھ硣
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320 š
쿴Ҷʧˣ֪Σֽﵽεȵĸ߶ȣ
ھڴĸ֣ͻȻҶڵʮλʧȫɴ۾ʯ
ֹˮһµҲվȴҶյĳɼ
һ̣һռʯһǧ֮õĽǳ½һλҶȡΪʯһ
ʲôһûпɣҶôΪһ
ʯһˣҶͨȫ飬õҲӦӦһ
Ҷ赿ռը˹˶ʯ˻ɡ
ţ֪Ҷȡʲôš
ؾǧ֪ʯִΨһԽ͵ģǾҶȡԶʤǳ˵ķš
ˣ
һ̫ҪĿĽͻȻʯӳĸĽֳҶֺ档
Ҷ硪Ž
Ҷķţոջ۷׷ףʯˣֻԴУһĨռ壬ſͣȴþû˵һ֡
ŽҾȻһȡáַŵ˴ġ
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ҶôģȻõԡķšϲǰһĻ·һзһ㡣
ʷϣǳ׷㣬£ɭѪӣǸ֮ţȴδõԡķš
ڣûʯˣԡķţ֮ѹȺۣһ

Сû뵽ĸ˵ʵͻһҪ˰Ҳзһ졣
ھʯеһͻƾ磬ļھҶںϺҲͻһ硣
Ҷﵽ˾ߵˮ׼ҶҪͻƵ߾磬ѶԶʤһˡ
ˣ뿪赣ȴĿѪȷ磬Ѿû֮㣬һֻܿԼ
֪ſ뿪ɱ¾֮ǡ
͸ԼʱҶ֪ζʲô
ţη壬۶裬ҲֵסηĽŲ
á˵
˵꣬һռѺ۳֣һɴڣվԭ˿Ҷɣͳ˾赡
ˣҶˡ
žͻȻֵѺۣռѻȸһ˫˫ηˢˢͶɫۣ̤ѥʻȻɣϲҶϣٻط
ߣҶͻƵ߾ˣ
ǲǻ޳˵ֶ̫ˣǴ߳š
ͨ
˽֮ʣҶ罣ɨһ۶Ⱥеĺꡣ
Ҷ罣ĺһֱסĸоӴ亹ϴӶͷ˫һֱӹڵϡ

һ쫷Ҷûڵصĺ꣬ٵȶһ⣬ڴ󴦣ͨ뿪˾赿ռ䣬صɱ¾֮㡣
ͬʱܵɣͷս޻ʧܵɱ¾֮켶굤ѹסơ
ɶ񣬿ɶСӣһҪ㡣
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ӰӣϧɱҶ磬뿪ɱ¾֮ǡ
صɱ¾֮óѶӰӴѶ
ϣոϴϢҶ紳еĿ飬ýţҲΪʯһӰ
Ž񣡡
ɱ¾֮۾һͻɫޱȣһԤУԼǵ鷢ˡ
⻯ھؿռ䣬Ǻ¾赵ܱ˶ߣԼ⻯٣赵ҲܱҶõͫ׿µţ͸ɱ⡣
Ӱӣɱ¾֮ɱ¾֮ǣûҵκ˲óǣɱ⡣ɱ¾֮һͷŭʨӣ
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ɱ¾֮˵켶굤ӽУѸˣȶʧܵµˡ
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Ҷ磬ҵܾˣ
ʱһѪɫֳۣһɢɱĶֳҶǰýָɱȻ˵
ҶҪɱѪ


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ҶɢƳѪʾңŰӿ壬һֻײеޣȥҶͷŵĽƶײһ
ƾγһǿУſҵط
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˲ɱһ
Ѫ֮ʣԲ籡Ҷ콣Ϊһ壬һĽӰڰһؽۣѱٶȣѪؿڡ
ۿѪ屻УһΣ̤ĲûѪӰܿ˲ɱһ
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֣ԶԶҶѪսǶԺγɵĻԾ˵
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ʲôһûƭҰɡ
ȥ赿Ѿв˸赣ĿýҶķɡϻ˵
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ѪȻѲ
ҶоԼھ赵õԵͻƵ弶ھ磬ԼĹƿѱѪѹơ
Ҷ磬ȥɡ
ù޹Ѫŭˣ𣬻ӿ壬ЯŻ֮Ҷ硣
Ҫ֮شҶ硣
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ռҲһ£ѪҶŽ֮Ƶһ˳ȥһѪ˳ʳ


322 ɷٽ
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Ŀö˿֮սԶΧ۵ָ㼺۷׷ס
㾹ȻھС
ѪѸӲøɾѪԾؿҶ硣
Ϊɱ¾֮ͽܣѪֹһν赣֪ѶȣҶһν赣ͨȫ飬ԼķţвǿҵĴܸС
Ҳھ赵ھؿռ䣬ʦɱ¾֮µ⻯
Ϊɱ¾֮ǵˣȻɵھؿռ⻯ֹͨȫ飬治֪նֶΣ˶šҶһ࣬ɱ¾֮鷳
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ģӴ˵
𣡡Ҷͫһ΢΢ЩԾ
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Ķ⾧ʯսǬָУҶûԥͨ뿪ɱ¾֮㣬ɱ¾֮ڡ
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ɱ¾֮棬ʮɱڵľߣҶͫΣյ״ϣȴһ˿š
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䡭
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˺ѿĽ֮ƷŴ̶ƿҶ磬Ӳס
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ںһǧԪͷŵ֮Ҷľڽգ֮䣬ͱǵļ硣


324 Ѫսһ
˲ɱһ
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ɽըŤ˿ռ䣬µ̲סĤݣ˲ľ˽Ʒ꾧
ʲôǲУķѵƷ
Ҷ翴⵽ԼǿһȻ𣬶ʱ¶һ˿С
ֻպ취ƿˡ
Ҷε̾ϢһսǬָУһűأȴ޷ȥĸо
޷߾磬Ҷ罫ɱɭ׵õƷս˳׼޸ս£ǿԼķ
֪ǣٺʯʯɱ¾֮ʯڽսУܷƷߵƷȼ
Ҷ粢սµĵȼҪںϴսµĵȼ
ȻҶûж飬ںеƬõ˺ܶʦûе顣
Щ飬Լȼĺļʼһ޸ս¡
ʱһȥҶ粻֪ƣ޸£ڽսУ޸˱֮ˡ
ټϰٺʯʯȼƷʯٵƵںϣսµƷʴߣƷȼ
ɹˡ
ؿλǶǣ˿˿׹ս£Ҷ¶Цݡ
ӵս£Ҷټ֮ѪҶҲѻ
޸ս£ҶֽƷս˳ΪϼƷʯޣҶ޸Ʒս¡
δ޸Ʒս£׼ʵʱгۣһԼҪĶ
ޱߵĴкпζҶ˵ȴ쳣Ժеó˻ɱѪõĽͷŻ͸棬͸еĽ֮ơ
ܿ죬ǿ£̺һ֮Ʊӡ̡
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һͻȻ𣬺ǧϮոջĵգ˲䱻ڸǣҰһƬ
ܿ죬£Ҳÿһɹ˳ĴŲӿĺ棬ż۵ĺͧ
֮УڴͷװϵҶʯһ˿ܼαΧĽ֮ƽ飬޷մȾ·ֺ
ͻȻͷϵҶ۾вݺύĽƣǿĽֱ
һ죬ն
Ҷնʮ֮Ʒɳ壬㼯һףƥеľ޽һиһе谭һնһʮﳤĽۣ쵽Զþòɢ
ոջϯصıôʧˡ


340 ڣ׼
ˣ⽣һȻˣ
ʶһҶ¶ЦݣԼĹһĶˡ
˽һ죬Ҷµ˺У׽˼㣬˶ӣþ߽ʽ¡
þ߽Ʒ£ԣҶȻѶȼ
ʱʧֹ˴ʱ䣬ڣڱкʱҶ磬һ½һľ͵졣
Ǿǵܽµ
ѣ֪㻹𣿡
ҶվڴͷϣǵķԺвĸֳĵף΢΢̣
ʱѣվǵϸɳ̲ϣһ޼ʵĴ󺣣صȴҶ
ѾʱûҶϢг˵ǣҲδǿҵ˼һˡ
ԽʧȥԽܶӵеʼ޷ϵҶ磬ԶʧȥҶ磬ֿ̹ĵʹҲԽԽǿҡ
磬ǧҪ°
ѽҧʪ촽ϵţѾոһ˽ʱ䡣
ͻȻһҼ۵ĺͧͧͷվŵģӰʱ类׵һ㣬һ¡
һԴĸоǸģӰȴҶ硣
ˣڻˣ
۽ףҶһ̣ˣЦˡ
ѿҶ磬ĿҶҲ
һ̣Ҷٻ˽շ𣬻һĿĽ⣬ԳԽٵٶȷѡ
磡
Ѳһе˹ȥҶ䵽ɳ̲ϵһ˲䣬ݺݵ˽ĻУ§壬뿪Լ
ѣһˣ㵣ˣ
ḧں˳ĳо΢΢壬Ҷ罫ԴߣǸ˵
Ҫ˵Һúõرһᡣ
ѽԴؿҶؿϣ£᲻ܿƵĻ䡣
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã۽ǵˣĬĬһҶ磬뿪ҶůĻ
ѣ㡣
Ҷ翴΢죬ɫЩȻѣ΢΢һЦɱѪõƷѪħ˳͸ѡ
Ʒ
Ѫħ深ܵ·¶ŨŨľ֮ɫļ壬һ߶ӵһ
ѣǲǺܸжҶ翴Ѽģ΢΢һЦ˵һиı㡣
˵ţҶ罫Լ޸һƷս˳͸ѡ
Ʒս£
оսµĵȼüͷһƣ
Ҷ磬ɱʲôȼĸ֣õ͵ʵ
ӵˣһ֡
߰ɣһߣһ˵
ȼգ㶫Ǿͻرѩڱ𡣡
ҶǣѰỬС֣һ߼򵥽Լɱ¾֮һīȥ
ȻҶ˲࣬ѵ֪Ҷɱɱ¾֮㵽ߣͨȫ飬õţӳɱ¾֮׷ɱʱˡ
磬ҲܳΪǿߣ΢΢Щ˵
ǿߣҲֻҵ㡣Ҷ΢΢һЦԵƥ˵
ӴҶ֪ǿڶ½ǽȴʲôҲǡ
־׷ϴԶ½˵ֻ㡣
ҶǣīʱõϢīյѾڹīȺ
Ƕǣֶܵģī͸һ˿ʧĽ
磬ƽˡ
īտٵصһ̬첽ӭȥ¶ǳǳЦݣ˵
գҸĵطж㡣
Ҷ翴ɫ޳ȹĸ˵īգ˵
ã
īյ˵ͷҶԼĹ뷿֮С
գȥ֮ɱ¾֮ǵ飬мǲҪ⴫»ī˴һԵѡ
֮ҶһīԵñɫˮĶ
İɳ磬ȥ֮£ֻҺ÷֪˵ġīյ˵ͷ֤
Ǿͺã
գ͸һ켶굤ŵؼ굤һƷľƷľԼһ켶Ʒͻ꼼
Ҷ罫һö׼õǬָ˳͸īա
磬Щ̫ˣҲա
֪ҶԼī¶ŨŨ֮ɫǿ켶굤ļֵԹīҵ
գ֮ôú÷չīˣҲһ죬ĵطҶ΢΢һЦǿнǬָỬСС
ãһ죬ǡīսҧһ촽ᶨŵ
Ҷڹī˶ʮʱ䣬ʮУīͨ˾һŵؼ굤õƷ켶ͻ꼼
ʮ£һǧ죬ͻƵھ磬ӵԿҶ̤˻ع鱱ѩĹ;
ڣһˣ׼𣿡


341 ѵ
峿һֺմӶȽȽ𣬽εɫĴȾأֻĺŸӭ裬չʾˡ
磬ʲôأ
ɫ޳ȹںڵĳ裬͸ζѻߵλڼװ֮ϵҶߣվʵ
ȥһЩ顣ҶԶ˵
ѣһж㡣
˵ţҶǬָȡУݸѡ
ǡ
Ѵ򿪽Уʱһɹ˵ɢ˳
ϴ赤Լ켶굤ͻƵھ磬辳ɡҶ˵
磬лл㡣
УǸжҸҶģ嶼ġ
߰ѣǻشգҰϴ赤衣
ʱһȥϴ赤УҶҲûţʼѡ켶Ʒ꼼걮ʨ֮׹Լĵ̡
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ʱǱޣĿżֵǵĵҩ˳ͻƵھ磬һ辳ɾ磬ﵽ˾˵һٶʮ
ҶҲȫ켶Ʒ꼼˲þ߽ʽ¡
ֹʱ䣬վڴͷװϵҶ͸ԼһƬޱߵĴ½¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
׷ɱ˽ʱҶ磬ڻص˱ѩ
۵ĺʹǰԶһСͺʱҶͻȻѵɫЩԣĵʵ
ѣôˣ𣿡
û£Ϊҵġ
ҡҡͷһ˿Цݣص˵
û£Ҷ粻ĵʵ
ڴϵУȻûͱǲ㴰ֽΪܵˣǶռ˶ԷҪλá
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ţ
ѵ˵ͷҶģǺܴ紾ӣɽˮɫ˵ĳȥ
磬⺣ǲһ˳ǳء
߽ɣ̦ĳţѸоʯ·ʵʵ
ûмǴ⺣ǣϽһ˳ǳء
СϽҶ磬Ͻʮ˽⣬˵ͷ˵
һǵһ˳ǳأ磬Һúù𣿡
Žֵµ¥ѵȣϪˮѶʱϲ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷǣỬС֣һ㣬ǵںι䣬͵صķ飬Ʒζ˲ٵɫСԡ
ѣƬֻȥȵˮϢɡ
鲻ҶָǰԶһеĲ¥
ã
ѵ˵ͷҶ粢ֻĲ¥ȥ
ţѻеһͻȻһ£ɫʱˡ
һ̣Ҷĸ֪ĹǿϢ֣˾ȻǱѩѵһľߡ
ҶɻССķ˳ǳΪλ־ʱֻٶȼ죬ļ޵ȼųβĺˡ
С㣬ҵˣ
ɫ˿ۣ߳ɢŨŨħںԾ£ɫɷ׵ǰ˵
úÿ졣
һԹ˵
С㣬ʧ˿ʱ䣬㶼ҷˡ
ţ˭ô󵨹СҲǣġ
һͦΣͷźͼڣ۾ĺ߷ֶǣֵһĻɫһһǿħɢһͷŭʨҶ硣
ס֣
ѿͻȻ֣ԥҶǰͷųǿĻɢ˹ӿħǳ
ڣС㣬ͻƵھˣ
ѵʵߵһ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ǲţʱ䣬ѾʹɾͻƵھ硣
˭ڷҶѻָ˸̬߰ؾңȥȥ
˵꣬ץҶĸ첲˴дС
ѣģҶʵ
ţҪˣҪؼˡؿҶ磬˵һҪչ˺Լʱһ͵͵ġ
ѣ㵽
Ҷԥ̲סѯݡ
磬ҿԸҵݣӦңδӵзǿʵǰǧҪȥңûġҧ˵ĺ촽Ķ
ѣѵƷʥأҶüͷһƣ²
ƷǰƷʥءҡҡͷ˵
ƷʥأǶ½¼ҵˣ
Ҷһû뵽ͷô
ȷʵڶ½¼ң¼μŮǼħģףүүǺִܵˡ
磬Ӧңû㹻ʵǰǧҪȥ¼ңΣաѽץҶĸ첲
ðɣҶһε˵
磬Ѿϰߣĺòֿ§Ҷ壬ԴĻУ˵
ѣԹ¼ҵң
ʮ꣬һƸȥ¼ҵףʱκ˶޷ֹһ𡣡Ҷḧں˳ĳЩԵŵ
ҵ㣬Զĵ㣡
˵꣬ż⣬˫ֻסҶĲӣݺݵҶ磬þò֡


342 ɱɱ
С㣬ʱˣǻȥɡ
ҶѽӵʱһͻȻѶУߴٵ
磬ˣչ˺Լ¼ҵ㡣
ҶֿŬģӡԺ뿪ˡ
ܿ죬ٵֻչʮ׵ĺһɹɿµ쫷չ߷ɣںǾ񾪿ֵĿע£ԽԽԶʧߡ
Ҫزصˣɡ
һ˸ո뿪ҶĿ⿴һĽ䣬˵
˼û뵽ľ羹Ȼҡ
һӰСɫۣ˫ߣﵽһļϸ˳¶һڽ׵ݣײе˵
Ҳ¼ҵ˰ɡ
ҶĿؿ䲻ȵ˵
СӣҷĵĲС¼ҵĹСȾָġ̤ųصĲһ˹׺ݵ˵Ϊ˱պɧС㣬ֻǰµˡ
ƾ𣿡
ҶһЦм˵
ͻƵھ磬Ҷ£Ҫ˵һ֡
СӣϾͻ֪ҵֶΡ
˵ţһǿɷ緢ǵصϯҶ硣
ҹ£
ͻȻϯҶɷۣ·һɽݺݵѹϣҪѹڵϡ
̫ˡ
ҶɷѹȣЦ
˵꣬һǿҶбֱɢ˰ͷŵɷ
ţ
ɫһ䣬û뵽ھҶ磬˵Ŀ£ƵԼͷŵɷѹȡ
˼Ҫˡ
ɫ˲ת䣬һֻ׶೤İ쵴߸Ļ
𣿾ƾʵɱɱ
˵ţҶһװľ죬廯һ磬ѱٶ򰫸ӷ

Ҷ̤׹ϮɱһָϵǬָϹһһɫĳǹϣһǹҶؿڡ
ͣ
Ҷؿڱһǹ
ã
̴ҶؿڣӲϲΪһǹеĲҶ磬ٶȲӰ
ʨ֮𣡡
̤׹ܿһǹһǿҶ緢˲㼯һֲֻʨͷŰӷʨ
ˣ
⵽Ҷʩչʨ֮𹥻İֻһԺг˶ݵĿհףӦҲһ˿ٻ
걮
ץסᣬҶ籩һһֻ걮ĴַױȵѹȸУߺ˰ӵϡ
ۣ
ȻƷս£Ȼûзס걮⵽ػѪ˲ᡣ
ʵҲˡ
ΪѵĹϵҶ粢ûкɱ֣ſѪ˵İӣؼ
ħħ֮塣
û뵽ҶѲٴ⣬ϵʩչ¼Ҵл޾ħйȾīɫ
Ű˲ͱҶ΢΢ЩԾǰƷʥأ̹Ȼ¡
Сӣȥɣ
仯ħ֮壬ӵʵһɫǹһɫҶ硣
һ죬
˺ѿɫǹâϮʮ֮ƷɳҶ壬ڽ˾콣УצХײɫǹâϡ
䣡
ĵıɫǹâֱӱʮ֮ƵƵµݺݵغڰϣֱӽ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
һ죬㾹Ȼ˽һ졣
˵ؿڣЩǱڵ񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬
ļƷս£ֱӱΣħ֮Ҳ˵Ѻۡ
ǰʧҲҶĿؿŰӣľ
ģ㲻Ҫţһ֪ߵ£
ӱҶĻŭˣһѪ֮ʩչ˴ɱС
߱ħָ
ħӿħ֮壬۳һīָ˲ЯǿѹȸУҶؿڡ

о߱ħָ̺ŵƵҶͫһʮ֮ٴƳ壬˺âԼٶײȥ
䣡
һӴͷųԵԲĵòѺۣƬֱ˷档
ã
ӿ߱ħֵָͱâ飬ɫܡ
ʱ̤׹Ҷ󣬱һʮݺݵײϣײ˺â
ۣ
⵽âļƷսֱˣһѪصصڵϣʧȥս
ڣԹ˰ɣ
ҶĿؿصİӣ˵
㡭
ѵӣҿһΣΣȻ֪ôǾͱˡҶɱȻ˵
úãݣ
ܵҶɢѪ׹ǻ۵ɱ⣬ӿ־ˣһָоҶûŻƣסˣǱ뿪ˡ


343 飬ֲ
ϸɣ³˿ƮڰУɣ಻ϡ
ϣǲҪǣ⵽Ⱥ
뿪˺ǣҶûǰڱ𣬶ϽʳǣҪҶԼԼ֪֮Ǭ׵
ţ⼸꣬ϽʳǷչĺÿ죬Ȼ˷ˡ
ϽʳϤĽֵϣһ޽¥ͥԺֵĲӼˣҶоϽʳӦδܵӰ죬һֱǰҶլ
ţҶϲ·𣿡
Ҷլ⣬Ҷ緢Ҷլһϲʲôϲ·
ŵ㣬Ͽ콫Щ񣬵̧УѾǼװ縮ۡҪǴ˸С칦үĲǡ
һɫгۣͷѩ׵߽Ĵߴٵ
ܼңԤƴСϽ丮ձܻõڼһС˲˲ͷϵĺˮʵ
ԴСʣӦܴǰЩ԰˵
ǰǲζŴС㼫пͻƵ޽ˡСһĽ˵
޽ʲôҾôСܳΪɸ֣˽ӻ
ˣϻˣȰѲɹĶͻظ˵ЦŴߴٵ

ԶָӵİߣҶϳҶҵϹܼҽ
ڻûзĶԷ˽б˵ĶԻҶȷҶûܵǣ⵽ڱ
ڽб䣬ǲ֪Ͻ丮ʲôط
Ҷ΢΢һһʧҶլ⣬ǰλɽ丮
Ҷ丮ԭַʱ丮ɽϵҾȻϽ丮
ԭϽ丮ԭ丮ڳϽ
ҶվϽ丮⣬丮ĸˣ΢΢һһ磬뵽丮֮С
ʦ֣ոշһģӰǰ𣿡
ҶϽ丮˲䣬һż丮ʹ۾Щֵʵ
ٸģʲôӰӡԳ丮Ӱһۣͷɻ
֣֪Ͻ丮ĸ˭
ᳵ·Ľ뵽丮֮УҶ緢䶷ͷܶܵĿ̨Ҳˡ
ҶҼҶ崨Ҽ׼ҼɽϽصĴﶼ̨ϣһߺȲ裬һ̸ʲô
ʦ֣
ͻȻһϤӰҶǰ˲ǱˣҶ磬һͬؾַġ
ʦֲϽ丮ĸɡ
ɫ˿̨ۣ룬ʵﵽ޽ַģҶ¶˵Цݡ
ˣҶһ£տ˵Ľ
̨˹ڣĿַĻվ˵
Ͻ丮࣬һ˻һ鼶굤⣬õһƷΪڶһ鼶굤ƷַĴ
˴Ͻ丮Ľ˿̨һȻ˶¶Ľ֮ɫ
ҿһĽȻ˵ķҶĽˡ
һƤڣֵ˵
ĽиƨãᣬܻõһĻ˲ٰۡ
˵꿼˵һ˭
һ˭Ҳ²ܲ³˭ߡһͦΣģЦ˵
˭ߣ׳Ӻʵ
ɵߵĿ϶ҶҹҶ飬˵϶ŮҲ֪ĸļһȢ
˵ۣҶ΢΢̣¶˵Цݣû뵽δҶ龹ȻΪ˴ˡ
ܿ죬Ͻ丮տ˿ʼˣһԾԾԵ丮ͨǩʼмҵĽ
һ䶷̨ս丮ӣҶ粻ɵǰԼ뵽˫ĸ¡
ʦ㣬֪㻹𣿡ҶͬʮֵǸµİΣ
ţͻȻһҵĻӻصʵһɫòţ£Ⱦһ㵭Ҷǳˡ
ʦбҪһʵˡ
뵽ҶԼİҶǰ޽硣
Ҷһ֣ĹƣĽӰ֯ܲ͸Ľ磬Ķˡ
ʮҶĶ־˱
Ҿ˵ҶҵŮһܶõһһ͸֮ɫӼ˵
ҶȻʵҪõһܣǽǰҪһɷ֡ȺеҶ˵
ģҰСӣһŮʵ˵Ų˺졣
Ҷ統ִҶʵӵҶ˶ʱԸˣŭݺݵؾ
û뵽ô󡣡
Χһ˫˫׶ҶЦһʱ˵ˡ
Ͻ丮տݱıţܿ죬ǰҶƾ賬ˮƽӣĴǰ
֣ǵ޽֣գҶΪʵãеòΪ֮ϧ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ҶȻԾ±̨ʱһϤĶС
飬ֲҸŷ֡


344 
Ϥѵˡ
ϻҶҶסˣƯĴ۾ɵùԲͻȻ٣ܣѰҶ硣
ôˣҵŮôˣ
˭ˣ˰ɡ
Ůˣҵˡ
Ҷľٶ̨۷׷ס
ͻȻҶȺпһɫۣǹͦΣ纣ϺŵЦݵӣͫһ˹ȥ
˳ҶȥķַģҶ崨ҲҶ磬׷վ
û뵽⵽׷ɱʧʱҶˡ
飬û뵽겻ԽԽƯɴˡ
ŷɱˮҶ飬Ҷ΢΢һЦ뿪Ц
ȥɫ޵Ҷһۣ˷ܵʵ磬ʲôʱġ
ջã˵ڱԣ㡣Ҷ΢΢һЦ
˵ţַģҶ崨һ˿첽˹ҶΧס
ҿ˭ţƵӡ
Ҷ磡ѵһʷǸҶ硣
һǱָ
ϻˣ
űַĵΧмҶ磬䳡ը˹ҶΪ˾Ե۽㡣

磬Щ궼ȥˣ˵⵽׷ɱǶˡһϽ丮ãַΪҶ絹һĲˮʵ
ұڸ׷ɱȥ˼ꡣҶ򵥵Ľʦ֣ΪʲôûбǣϽ
رԸô᲻ǣؼʱϽʳһŮˣڸ֣ȫϽűȫǡ
ַ̾Ϣһľһһʮĵ˳
ѵƮ㣬ڣ
뵽ԼʶУҲֻѩƮӵڵʵҶµǸϽˮ֮˵ݡ
ʦ֣֪Ǭǣ𣿡ҶʮֹǬ׵ʵ
Ǭ丮һͬϽҲ֪ڵַҡҡͷ˵ڱʱǬȫĴºܲá
бҪǰˡҶ۾һâ
磬ǧҪˣ⼸귢չڵʵǿˣ˷ƹȣΪѩһšַĲ֪Ҷʵʵѵ
İʦ֣ڱ
Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݣг˶ʵš
磬˴κεȾˣҶȫȻѩڷַĺʵ
ǰãҸոͻƵڣ
ҶûԼľ磬̹׵˵
ʲôڡ
֪Ҷľ磬ڳ˶ˣһɵ˵
ɾַĵУͺѴھУǿɼ紫˵
֪Ҷ粢Ǽ򵥵ڸ֣ɱͨľͬɱһɵ
ڣ֪ڵʵһ˳ӡ
ַЦ˵ΪҶİΣġ
Ҷ崨֪Ҷʵ໥һۣ˴۾еĻںޡ
ܽҶԼ壬ǺɣԼܳѷ˵ķ룬Ϊš
Ҳܴл󲻵ĺôѾˣֻܹ۹̫
ˣλǡ
˵ţҶȡĸӲӣǬֱ𽻸ַģҶ崨ɽˡ
ĸǬУÿװһټƷʮ鼶굤ʮţؼ굤ʮţԼؼƷ꼼һסҶ绺ص
磬ϴһŵĲر𣿡
ӹǬַĵˣǸоҲòô鱦
ǰɣҶ΢΢һЦ˵
˳磬֪ѩϣǻҺǡʵ
İɼѩƮɽƮɽǱһţʵǿٱ׼˽ˣһȥǣлᣬһǻ̽ǡҶ˵
úãһаˡ
֪ѩŮڱһϢҶܺŮѩߵһ
ҶҶҶʱ䡣
УҶһ鼶굤һŵؼ굤õֵҶһ׵ؼƷľ޽
ڼ䣬Ͻ֪ҶϢҶҰݷãҶĲͷأȴҶίľܾˡ
飬ʦ֣ҶǶౣأˣʱһѩϣŻ̽ǡ
֮ҶǱˣٻ˼͵Ŀע£Ͻʳǣǰڱ


345 Ǹû
ڣڱɽ֮Уһ緢ȻĻɽǱѩʥ֮һ
峿ʱ֣̫ոʮֻӴķȶž޴ĳȺɽɽ࣬ƣϼʤյڡ
Щޣзƹȵ𣚣ɽĽӥбѩһЩƷķޣչʮ׳ۡ
ѩڣĿΪڹѱѩеıѩʢᡣ
ߣԼѩһˡ
һԷƹȣƵۣ˫޻׵һѸ汱ѩԡѩΪʢᣬе˲
ϾһֱƹȲǱѩ֮İ
Ϸģһʢдʱһúڵӣ֪˭Ǳѩİ
ɫۣһƤ·˵
ӣǷƹȰѵһľţʮͻƵھݿա
ţݿգܶô˴ʢһһĳƺţѹڵ棬ҷƹղʮĵؼƷ굤ǵ鵤͸㡣ƹȴϷε˵ͷ˵
лϣ
ݿնԻǵ鵤Ѿãεŵдϲ·ǿŻǵ鵤֮
ʱƣѩҪ׷׵֯ıѩʢῪʼˡ
Ȼƹȣɽڳ˵⣬ȴûеڱֳ׼һʢдʱݺݵشѹڵӣߡ
ӭλǧڲμӱѩʢᡣ
Ҫ룬Ƶۣӵ°ߵλϣ˵
֪ͻȻٰʢᵽΪ£
ɽ޺պһɢ˿˿Ҷ裬ʵ
ڴ˴ξٰ챱ѩʢᣬΪ˱ѩδչҲΪ츣š΢΢һЦ
Ը꣡
еĲ豭ƤЦⲻЦ˵
ұѩڱʵСΪǿұѩʵھ飬ҪｨһѩˣλһͬˣԴͬչ׳ұѩʵ׻˵͸ޱǿҰġ
׵Ļѻȸƹȣɽɫû뵽׵θô󣬾ȻҪһͳѩ
ݵĳĬʱһЩڰдɹʶĶƷŷ׷ױ̬Ըˡ
ҷƹȼ˲ǲԣ֪֮λ˭۾͸һâʵ
ɽҲ֪˭Ϊ޺ɫѿʵ
Ƕˣһ콻ϣҽ飬ȴѡһѡȷѡպĴڽӴϼ޻˵
˵ǲǸѹȺۣܳΪѡҲڵŵ΢΢̣ʵ
˼֪λк׵˵ͷ˵
Ҳ㹫ƽҷƹû飡γ˼һ£˵ͷ˵
ɽҲͬ⡣
޺ɽһ£Ҳͬ
Ȼλû飬Ǿȥ䶷һд԰ɡ¶Цݣ˵
ݿգսֻʤܣѹȺ۶õһΪպκҪϷӦ㡣
ŻƽףͻȻеһ˿ѹһߣݿնУŵ
İɴϣݿһʧݿսȭͷĵı֤
Īߣŷħ㣬ؼʱ£˲һʵ
޺ĽһīĹʵɽʯĪϣ
Ϸģһ֮һҵġʯĪ߽ħսǬУ˵ͷ֤˵
һȺļһΪܴж֮λ¶һ˿ѱ˲ЦĬš
޺ʯǴڣսλŰɡ
˱䳡ɫ۾͸ŷâӣֱԾһ䶷̨ȴд
һڣʲôʱʵĵӡ
о޺ʯʵΣ޺յ˵ɫ˲һмƵĸо
˭
һ̶Ľ𣬽޺γһīָ߳ŷƹһŵ˵
㡣
ɫݿһԾһĽ⣬䵽˱ֳ̨Ƥ뽣޺ս
ݿ뽣޺ս֮ʣɽʯĪҲԾ˱䳡ֳһ˸׹شĿĻʯҹ
ƷľţʵȻһ̫ˡ
ǰǸ޺Ȼ˽ĽƣǴﵽ˶ˮ׼ڵ̾Ȼ˵
̨˼ҵĽ֣Χ۵˷׷׸п
Σ޺ն˵ɫȴԽԽѿʱƣݿգʯĪ߱޺͵Ĺȫѹƣ뵽˱֮С
ˣ
һޱȵĽâ޺֮ڽ˳Уһ̳ƿ˵ݿշɳ䶷̨˱
ʯĪ߿ݿհܵ˳ףһĽǬеķħԵУһ
ȭ
ʯĪ߷·ħ˲䣬ʯȫҫ죬һǴɱУһ籬ѻȭâصغؿϣ˳ȥصˤ˱䳡£˹ȥ
ˣȫˡ
ŵ䳡ݿպʯĪߣΣ޺ն۾һɣʱɵۡ
ףǺݣɫķסеŭ˷˲ķΣ˵ߡ
ߣλҲ١ײ˵
ףȷĸ㣬ҷƹǲġ
ɽҲ롣޺ո͵
û뵽λȻسŵʵʧ̾Ϣһɲǡ
˵ţһɫӰˣ䶷¶˲ߡ
˭ˣϷ˭
ǿں˻͵Ļ̤ųصĲˣµڳˡ
Ϣڣ
оɢĿϢΣ޺նɫ䣬û뵽ʱ䣬˵ʵǿȳ̶ȣԿ
̫ϳϾ֪λ𣿡
׿ɫɷ׵ķΣ޺յˣ°ʵ
ʶһʵԼ˿µʵʵĶҡˣΣ޺նҲסһʱ
Ǹµˡ
䶷ѹֵ˺ʱһ̹ǵͻȻ
һ̣ɫۣǹһͦΣü֮£ӱâҶ米˫֣һˡ


346 ʲô
Ҷ磡
ͻȻֵĹ°Ӱˣ׵ȫסˡ
ţǿϢǵϯȫˡ
ৣ
ոȡʤĽ޺ʯͻȻ֣Ҷ緢סΪ¿󹦡
ǿҶʱһӴɱ糱ˮӿҶ壬ݺݵѹǣɱ֮ǿ䶷ѹֺͱ䡣
ʵõĵӸŵú٣ɫɷףһƨ̱˵ϡ
£
Ҷ籩һװڽ޺ʯը죬ǿһ˫ȲܿƵ
ոǿ̬սʤƹȣɽһţͷʢĽ޺ʯˣճܲסҶйɱһ˵ϡ
Ϣڣ
ܵҶɢϢû֮ʣǿнںϣھĻ۽ǼвŨŨĲ
޷󣬵⵽Լ׷ɱӵҶ磬ʱ䣬ھ磬ȫв
Ҷ粻ɫѹ޺ʯһĻҲڸ֣ǲ
ôǲӦøΪʲôһüġ
Ҷ翴ɫĻ˵ˣ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݣʵ
Ҷ磬ҪţϷ޻ء
˵ţóһ̣ڻڴ󣬴գڡ
飬Ϊ˻;޵ˣҶЦһ˵Ⱦ֮ܣҲֻˣˣˡ
찡Ǹ굽˭ÿĿ
ǰǹƥսڣ˵ĵδҲ̫ˡ
ߣ֪ѵûǰȫڳץùһˣȴʧܸյ²Ǹ˾
ʲôѵֻʱ䣬ӵԿڵʵұѩʲôʱ
ܵԶ۷׷ףΣ޺յȴ¶ֻЦݣû뵽ԼΣյʱ򣬻ת
Ҷ磬ϷϾͻ֪˭Ǿ֮ܡ
۾ɱһƷȼ೤С
ںޣʵʱĻ籡壬ǿĻˡ
ÿµƣ˵ʵȻǿȳ̶ȡ
ܵ˱ǵʵΣ޺յɫ䣬ʵԿԳ֮Ϊѩһˡ
̫ϳϣɱС
ոճܲסҶɢɱڵϣĽ޺ʯǱ˫ؿҶ磬޲ýǧС

Ҷͫһһɿµ緢羪κ˺˽޺ˡ
ۣ
Ҷͷŵ޺ֻؿһʹѪܿƵߵķݣڰлĻߣݺݵˤ˵ϡ
һ֮£󶥼ˡ
ĿǰһĻȫԾ
£̫ˣ
ոвʵݿգʯĪ߱ȫɵˣû뵽Լھŵ츳ʵҶǰЦ
һϰɡ
һش޺ˣҶһָָɫˮĻ˵ˣԵƥ˵
ɱ㣬һӡ
˱ҶĿȫŭˣӿƷ˫УޱȵĽâҶ硣
ǽ
һ־ǴɱУ֮ӳâĹ
ƣ
Ҷ͵̤ǰһ̤˼Ӳĵ棬һʮ֮۳һѹµâЯǿƻݿǽâݺݵӡ˴յ˫ϡ
꣡һ
֮Ʒܲסһʮıƹֱӱˣǿ͸˫ӿ˻˵˫У˫Ƥ׹ɭɭѪ罦һء
ʲô˫ˡ
ĿƷ˫ҶһѵһĻڳȫ뵽˴״̬У󿴵һĻ
ҶʵѾ󣬸ոջ緢εĻףг˾
㣬ôô
˫ۼ۶ϵĻ˵ˣû뵽ͬΪھ磬Ҷ֮ʵ֮
˵ˣֻǾ֮ܣʵҲֻڱѩ뿪ѩƨǡҶЦһмļ
Ҷ磬һҪ
޷ʧܵʵ޷ܣԼﻮ˺ܾõļƻô֮һȼȫѪ֮һ
ɱ
ֳֶѵ˫յǿһУֲĽɱ翪޸˺˿ޱȵնҶ硣
ԻǿһҶ粻ܣվԭ˿ɽɱԼ
ۿҶҪɱ룬ͻȻ֣һʮ˲ıݿ˽ɱѵ˫ĩ
ͣ
˫˲䣬糤ӿ˻˵壬Ҷ磬һ
ڻʹҶ˲䣬ޱȣڻڸֵĻ泤ͻȻһĺ˲Ϣ֮䱻ˡ
һĻڳ˶ŴˣľվԭأԴһƬհס


347 ӽ
찡ûϹɣ֮һĻ;Ȼסˡ
⵽ʲôܶᡣ
ˣҶսʤ
ĿǰһĻһĿ־崫˸ŸȫǴĵ׷
ľɻͣ
ͷŹźǿжסͣҶƻľɻڵĻ͡
ݡ
ǧ˿Ƶɫ˿ƳҶ壬Ȼ˷ӦУǿɱźѹƵĻ͡
޷֮Ļ;ͱľɫ˿ˣڻʧ

ʧȥͣ˷˾ĺ޷ԼΪһĻͣô׵رҶӶˡ
ѻ͸ң
ƼصĻ˱һһͷŭʨĹҶ硣
ž
һİҶ֣ݺݵس˽Ļ˵ϣֱӽһȷ˳ȥݵ
ˣһжˡ
ĿûͱҶɣʵǿĻ˱һƳɣһִƶ˵䵽ĸоĵҰģ׳־ȫˡ
Ӧڵĵӡ
ʧǵĻͻȻ뵽ɽҶĳͻԼ̰ͼҶؾõĴԵҶ缫пܳΪڵĵӡ
չ¶츳׺ɣڻΪΪƷƷţ߳ƶıѩ׳Ķ½
һУļҺԼ̰ˣٸһѡĻᣬԥļң֧Ҷ硣
Ҫʱˣһϰɡ
һƳɻˣҶĿؿɫ԰׵Ļ׵ˣ˵
Ҷ磬ԭڵĴ֪ҪſԭǣֻҪ˵ڽһ㡣
Ļ׷ˣ˸߹ͷ­ʵ
ԲƥеҶ磬֪ԼֻƽϢŭڲܱס
ҵҪܼ򵥣ڸҶ粻һ˿˵
ڵˣҶӲ飬׷ɱС
Ҷ磬ҪϾɱҧ˵Ϸǣҽ͸㡣
ܴ𣿡ҶһЦ㣬ڣҿϡ
㡭
ҪǺƴˣ
ݣ¶ɭɭ׹ǵĻڵ˵
ƴˣ𣿡
Ҷ缸޵еʵ֪ƴֻԼ
ס֣ס֡
ڻ׵ؿ־֮Уҳʱһ
һֱδ¶ĽԪЮƤҰɫήңǬ׳ˡ
Ǭ
Լ֪֮ΰԼǬףĥһϢһɳɱб䶷˸εѡ
Ҷ磬ߣȻɱ
ҶѪ񣬽ԪһֱסĸоǬԴֲ
磬û뵽ǻټһ졣Ǭ׻ƣ˫ۣŲԶҶ磬˵յĳɾͣϷµȪҲдʱˡ
ǬģǻĳҶһסеɱ⣬ɭȻؿŽԪ
Ҷ磬Ҿ㲻ҪһԪһǿеĿ־壬Ҷ粻һлɱԼ
̫ϳϣ뿪˵
类ҶʵɵȷصĻˣĴߴٵ

ͻȻһ߰ǿ˲䳡
ܵӰ죬ڳŵûɢһЩʵСߣŵҡΣһͷԵڵϲʡ¡
ˣ
⵽ԪֻԴһһƬհףӳһ˿ٻ
һ̣޾ĺ͸棬˫УӦ˱
ߣƾʵҲвң
ƹź˽ԪҶ̤һѸڽԪߣһֱָӽԪԴ㱬ˣ˽
ܣǬκοˣɱ⡣
Ǭ̫أҶ约ٳ⣬ٻ˳ػǬס
ҶҶ磬ԸΪֻܷŹǡ
ĿҶɱԪһĻĺˣϵĿġ
ûʸҷǣڱػ𡣡Ҷ粻ΪɱȻ˵
ҺƴˣϷҲù
˫ۼϵصĻ˱һһҶ磬ҪԱ壬Ҷ緢һ
̫ˣʵɱɱ
˵ţһѸĽ֮ƷҶ壬ȻԱԴͱˡ
ţҶ֣һ㣬ո׷ɱԼڸ
ʱ䣬䶷˼Ѫ㼯СϪëȻĻڳΪ֮ĺ־塣
ӽ󣬱ѩڡ
ɱڸ߲㣬Ҷɢ˭İƷڴӴڱѩ


348 
ĺɫĺϣƻϼһ˰գɫҲ
˯ʱأ弫Ǭڻˡ
Ǭˣڸоô
ոΪǬˣȶƣһֱػߵҶ磬Ǭһʵ
磬ģ
ΧİĻǬǿʵ
ڸһС򡣡Ҷ˵
磬㽫ôˣǬ׿Ҷף뵽ԼǰԪԴһĻӵʵ
Ѿˣ飬ҲɱˡҶ絭Ľ
ˣûˡ
ȻǬЩ꣬ҶǣܾĥɥڱϾĸ֪ҶѪϴڣڴӱѩһӿˡ
һжǾȡ͵ҰĺͶǳĿ⣬Ҳǣһ죬Ҳ˻ǡҶ絭˵
֪ЩΪѾĵ壬ֻҴСڳͻȻûˣЩӦǬ̾Ϣһ
ǬЩиʦϢ𣿡ǬףҶҲܵǸµİΣ֪
֪ЩһֱѺУ˽⣬±ܲ򵥣Ӧò¡Ǭҡҡͷ˵
ʲô㣿Ҷʵ
ҡҿܻϽǬ׳˼һ˵
Ͻȷʵһѡ񡣡Ҷ˵ͷ˵м͸㡣
˵ţҶóŵؼ굤һѼƷԼɱҸ֣õĵؼƷɻԼؼƷ꼼߽͸Ǭס
ǡ
ҶԼıǬ׵ɴ۾¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
ֻһۣȷҶ͸ԼľǷ
ŵҩǵؼ굤ѽһѼƷᣬһ׵ؼƷͻ꼼Ҷܵ
⡭磬Щ̫ˣҲҪ֪ЩĵȼǬ˫һ£æƴǵ
Ϊ˵õһŵؼ굤Ըǰϡķ˹ȣ丮Ҷһ־ŵؼ굤
ҶļƷؼƷ꼼ЩڶûС
Ǭ㵱ҵĶ飬ԶԶʤЩЩѾûˣͲҪ°ɡҶǿнЩ͸Ǭס
ðɣЩ¡ʢȴǬҶ͸Ķʵ磬㷽ңεȾˣ
ǰҸոͻƵھ磡Ҷ̹ϵ˵
ڣ
Ǭ֪Ҷǿǿһ֮ڣ֪ʵʵǱˡ
ҹԽԽ
һҹҶǬ˺ܶ࣬ӽ̸УǬ̵ᵽҶ޵֮ǺεȵǿҲҶΪȡýɾ͡
Եֻһ棬ûдǻۣǣԼһޱȼᶨ޵֮ģԵǰҲ޷õ
ڶһ磬ָ˲ƵǬ״ǱҶ磬һǰϽ׼ﰲ
ǬȥҶ粢ûн뿪ǿƺļںϻͣһȴһˡ
ͱ£ļʱ⵽ҵķһɹȵйҶ粼ڷеĽŤˡ
ľѹƣ
ͼҷ֮ʣҶľѹơ
ܿ죬궯ĻͰļһɣڽڡ
ں˻ͣļӦɱ˰ɡ
Ҷӿƺļںϡ
һļɱʩչ֮ŭ£һ֮¶Ҳ޵
ҶľںʱҶһ֮ڵڱѩըˣһʯǧˡ
ҶҲΪѩͷʢ˳Ϊѩһš

ﴦһȺɽеС
磬ƽˣ
һɫİ͹£ò͸˪ʵŮӺһҶ裬޵촽¶һ˿Цݡ
ڰŮӣҶһֱĸ¡
ȸ˱еҶ裬Ʒ꾧һ˫˫ԵĿע£뿪ˣѸǰڣѰҶ䣬Ҫ
˵˱ɱɢѵŵӷ׷ڡ
һʱ䣬ʢһʱȥ¥գѩʥأһƬ棬вٵطճ˻ҽ
¼ԦһֻڣѰҶ䡣
ұڣûзһڵӣûеõκйҶϢɵ¶ʧ֮ɫ
ѵˣ縲ھ뿪ˣҡҡͷ̾ϢһĬ磬Ȼƽ£ҲͷˣԷ뿪ˣԺҿܲѩˣϣһаá
˵꣬Щϧĸûκεͣ뿪˷ڡ


349 Ĳرͼ
ת뿪֮ʣͻȻһ¡
һ𾪣ֳףӡ
ԶԶؿһɫʻȻɣ絶һǷ۾͸һᣬ
磡
鲻Խ۾ȷԼûۻԼҪѰҵҶ硣
ʦ㣬þò
ŸϤӣҶ΢΢һЦ˵
磬ѵһֱûߣ֪һ³Ծʵ
Ҹоܻڣǰû뵽㣬㲻Ҷ¶Цݣ˵
ԭ
޵ͻȻųʻ˵Цݵ磬û뵽δ㾹Ȼһ֮Ȼĺܺ棬εȾˣ͸¶𣿡
ǰҸոͻƵھ磡Ҷʵ
ʱӶͻƵھ磬磬츳ǿ£֪ʵʵһڵľɡ
֪ҶʵʵϵЦݸŨˣưٻʢľˡ
ҲɣҶЦ˵ʦ㣬㡣
˵ţҶǬָóһƿݸ˸¡
Ũҩ㣬ǵؼ굤
оƿŵҩ̺ҩ۾һ΢΢Щȵʵ
ţżƷؼ굤ʵһͻƵɾ硣Ҷ˵ͷ˵
ллҾͲˡл
⼸µʵҲĵܿ죬弶޽ͻƵɾ硣
֪ҶʵĸĸȻһ˿ܸУеҪǿʵ
˳磬ʲô㣿½ŵؼ굤սǬУʵ
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355 ֮ŭ
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ӿҶеýָԼʱһŭǻըһֻԳֳ壬Ҷ紷ŭ
ں޺Գ˲䣬ɴŮҲһֻɫβ
ǶҪ֮ƻɱҶ磬ۺĽܣ콣

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Ӷ֮ʣ𣬹żףźӿҶ壬ٵػ㼯γ˻ѹգѸ˴ʧɫĶӶˡ

ӿ֮ŭĿռ䣬˴ŤᵽŨŨΣɫ䣬
Ƕܵ˲䣬򱬿ˣǧը죬쳹ʡ
䡭
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籩ԽԽңӣɴŮߵķݣɳ˻籩Ѫصصڵϣҳӡ
֮ŭͷŵĻһӶˡ


356 챦ӡ
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Σʱ̣иֳһ⣬һö޴ĺܣԼǰӲֵסĵ֮ƵĹ
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߿ҶͻΧܣһɫչһȣ쫷磬ȫ׷ɱҶ磬ƱҪɱȡϵĴܡ


357 
֪ʩչܷɱˡ
Ҷһ֮ˮȫ֮ʣϵкɱߵĿܡ
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Ѫȼգ
ҶһҧѸȼѪ֮˵Ÿֱӳ˳ȥ뵽δ֪ǿߵ֮С


358 ֮
ɶӽ֮УǿϧСһı
ζð˲ɵϧϧҶһƷı
ҲڤڤעЩﲻǵģǿϧʦúͶˡ
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ÿµķ籩֮еʲôôͻȻγ˻籩ҶµؿԶӿĺɫ籩ɫصĬš
ƻĻ籩˴ʱ佥ʧָֻƽ
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ͻƾûãǿݺҶʯϵʮ֮ƣ֮һ쾳硣


359 һһУһһ
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ҶסĤʹУ֮ѪѸȼգ֮ƣ֮ںһγһֹ£ޱȵĽâиſռѹ˵Ѻۡ
þ߽£
Ҷ籩һ˫ͷѪֳ壬˫ֽվ콣ʩչþ߽ʽŲѺ۵ͷ޻ն˹ȥ
Ž֮ƣ֮ƣ֮ѪĲ½ն·һ㣬ݺݵնͷ޻겼Ѻ۵ϣӲնͷ
޻̬
նͷҶϵı仯ǿ޻̬ʵͬʱƬƬѪ븲ȫǿķѹֵĿռѹٵⱼȥ
𡭡
Ҷ뽣ܻϣȫͻΧʱֳ˴޻꣬ǡ
֮ƣ
ؼʱ֮Ҷ壬ǧ޻꣬Ӳ˺һͨ
졭Ҹооˡ
޲ͷ޺ЭҶͻΧʱоһļµŵ˻ߴٵ
ѪѪ֮ȼա
޴ҶޣȼսѪѪ֮ҵȶһ쫷磬˺ؿռѹٵؿԵ
ʱ׹ϿսɫҶ硣
ܣ
ؼʱ̣ҶܵԼǰ޼᲻ݵ׹һ
䣡
ɾҵı𣬽ܳ׹˲ľߵķݣ׹Զ
գ
ľ˲䣬ȫѪȼյҶ缰ʱսǬָУһ˺˻ҵ󣬾յ˳ȥ


365 ֲİָ
ԹԣǿʲôͷһȻδˣҶǿ󡣡
Զ󣬶һ԰ȫɽУһֳҶ壬ԽܲŨȤ
ϻһ
Ҷϥڵϣһ֮ˮһ켶굤ѸٻָĵѪ֮ơ
㾹ȻӣҪ֪С㣬һƨܱ㡣
Ҷ޴Ϊջ𣬵ǱʶУȴ޷ҶֻܰԹΪҶ绤
Լʱ֮ˮ켶굤£ҶٻָȼյѪ֮ͻ״̬ѡ
磬֪֮ʯλã
״ָ̬ѣҶ۾ſڵϣգ۾ԼĻޣʵ
ҸоĻ֮ʯƯ֮УӦһ£˵
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˵ţҶٻڻָ£͸ŨΣķȥ
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Զ꿴ͨĹľҶ۾һԿٵתһǿ˹ľΧһ򣬸Ӧľʵ
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ݸӦ£Ҷӳݺύƣ֮֮Ҷ̾Ϊֹ
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ڵһ룬µɱ¾֮Ӳܵ˫ȣ˼ӲĵزС
ÿµȹƷǿ߶ܲסɡ
Ҷ翴⵽ܼɱ¾֮⹥޷ǰһĽܣϽսǬָС
磬а취ƿ֮ƣʯ𣿡
ʶʯΧƽƵĿ£Ҷ粻óȻ룬ѯһصĻޡ
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ҶһۻޣӴڽƽУǿΧĽơ
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Сӣ㵽ܲаûܲסһ飬Ҳ֪᲻ⷢ
дĶɫ䣬вǿҵĲĴߴٵ
֪
ȡ֮ʱҶͻȻ׽һ˿æӴǿ
һԪšƷ࣬ſ
Կһʱһǿбڽ˾ҲУǿ˺˲ƣһȫͨ
磬ߣ
Ŵ򿪣Ҷûκεԥޣܷ뵽ΣصؽУӹǿд򿪵ţʯûĹľƽ
ԣƻ󣡡
ðտľԵٴαûþҲĹľϣӲɢ˹ľĻ¶ȭͷСͨ徧Өڲ·ӡһƬ̺żƷеľʯ
Ʒ쾧ǼƷ쾧
ѹҵǸ쵰ȻżƷ쾧ģǿҪˡ
֪Ʒ쾧һһıϡ󣬶޷ǿƿƿڴ
Ʒ쾧Ҷüͷһƣ˽ܣĬ֪ǷлżƷ쾧ġ
ܣɡ
ԥҶ绹Ǿðһԣ֮ܿģǿżƷ쾧
䣡
֮ܿʣżƷ쾧ΧǿܣĻᡣ
ޣһ
Ҷ綣һԵڽܵУǿƽģǿɼƷ쾧ᡣ
ͬʱĵĻܲסͻȻˡ
飬䣬һҶ磬޸о־ͻȻӿ˲串֮
ã˺ַңΣˡ
оһɿֲԼ¶˾֮ɫ
һ̣֮ϿշŤһˮͰ֣ɢŴĿһСָɳŤգҶͻޣǴв


366 ɼƷ쾧
ÿµϢ磬֪ʲô˵ָ
оָɢ޵ƣҶһΡɽĸо˸еСæѯʻޡ
ҡ벻ˣָܿ£ļޡŬ䣬ȴֺܶҪϢǲˡ
ޣڵʵɷʱ䡣ҶɫصĴѯʵ
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ûʮİգǿðһԡҶһͳ˵
ãҾӣһץʱ䣬һᱻѹ֪Լѡֻðһ
ţҶصص˵ͷƽżƷ쾧Χƣɴᡣ
С磬ӦˣһֱԹѹ㲻ܿϧȻҪѣȻҲûıҪˡ
һ񣬰Եڰָǿն
ģ㵽˭Ϊʲôִȡ
ƿڴеҪ˭һҪء
ô벻ˣָǿҲɵװɵ춼һԹԸµɡ
˵ţָݺݵصָ⴦ŷռ䶼һָѹˡ
ȼգ֮ƣ
ޱһȫȼе֮Լٶѹİָϡ
䣡
ޱȵĻ֮аָӲӲס˰ָѹ
֮Ȼǿ֮һܿϧ޷ӻ֮ǿעһ
ָе귢֮Ӵ˰ָĹĻ֮ʼѣ߽⣬ۿ顣
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ſ̲ͣеĻ֮ȫ˳ȥܼĹָ
¡¡
µײγ˿ֲĳڰȻըؼһеɣҶȫѪҷսҲȻ޹⡣
Ҷ磬ٽһľһãҿֲסˡ
޿ͷеĻ֮Ȼ޷ֵָĹæҶ磬Ĵߴٵ
ã
Σʱ̣ҶҲ˲ñ¶ľˣһƻľɳ壬𣬹źżڻľΧơ
ţʲô
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죬ҵҪ
˵ţڽ˻ľУƻľײ˰ָ
䣡
ռŤƼ¶µϯգһĿռѺΪģٵӣշ·һʥӣռŤˡ
ۣ
ܵɿֲķ籩Ҷ类Ʒ˳ȥˤԶѪܵ˼صĴˡ
ľǿɡ
ӲָǿڽľеĻ⵽ش岼Ѻۣǿִϵȼ꣬ƻľͷŻ֮е
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ƽƵƵʱǿдϣصҶڵƴֿĻޡ
Ҷ紫֧ŲסĻ޿䣬׷İָżƷ쾧Ͽա
ݣ
һ·ھĵڰָ𣬴ƬĿռ䱻ݣµݺݵѹڻľϣľײżƷ쾧ϿսУӲĽ˺ˡ
ܣɼƷ쾧
żƷ쾧Χƽ飬ҶĵĽǿżƷ쾧
ɣżƷ쾧ǿɡ
κν弫⣬ڱǿɼƷ쾧̺ĺ֮ٵʵ
գ֮䣬ʵ½ޣԽﵽľˮ׼
һ
ָܰǿ޵꿪ʼ߽⡣һߣԵ
ԽԽأ޲ϧͷǿĻעľУһ
䣡
ں˻ͷŵǿľиֳһΡͦΣɢĹľӰڻҵоҡһ£֦Ҷïںݺݵسڰָϣֱӽˡ
С磬û뵽㻹ֶΣȻı䲻ˣԹɡ
˵ţľ˵İָٴѹµֱӽľ˹ѵĵϣֱӽԲĵ水ˡ
ڣɱ
ۿ걻ָ飬ںżƷ쾧ǳ˸ҫ۹â¾Ľܳˡ
һնں˺纣Ľâգ˺˴أһ˰ָϣǿĹֱӽָɣ˻һ


367 Խ
šôᣬ½ôȿµĿܡ
оɢĺ纣ƣΪ˵Ĺָе귢˾
պգһغˡ
ӹһٵĻµĬţѸٿƻľҶ磬ԶսȦܵ
ն
ܹɱʢޱߵֱ˻ҵĿ
ֻһնռѿһѵѺۣԼٶ˰ָ
¡
⵽Ľâָһ£һɼѺָӣȻܵĹܵķΧ
ˣоˡ
ֳľĻޣֵָѺۣϲ˷ܵعֽ
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оܵĿ£ָе꿪ʼ֮
ʱ޾֮ӿɰٴڽ˰ָУϵָĹ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ𣬽ֱգǿĽӿ壬˺գһն˰ָ
նں˴֮İָһָޱȵĽϡ
ʱռ䷢ŤĿռѺӣշ·Ҫһ㡣
ԹԣҲ̫̬ˣϲ
ĿеһĻ޷ְָŷĹԽܹһ˿˺ŵ˵ء
սپҪʱ䡣
Ȼ޼᲻ݵ壬ռƣڵȴţһڵȫľƽ˲ת
ӵҶӿ˹ٶȣָڰмɱײ쳹ʣڶ
Ʒ쾧ȼգ
ָɱ˰ʱ䣬ͻȻȼżƷ쾧ͷųµ̶˹
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ۿָҪ͵Ĺ飬꿪ʼȼգµֱָѹ˽ĹһָϣӰа˵ϣҳһ׵ĺڶ
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أ
Ҷ绰䣬˼Ӳĵز㣬һɱ˶ֱɵ˰Уָ
ʱܷ·һ׹䷲񽣣նޣնѿռ䣬ңսʤ
飡
һҫ۴Ŀɫâӳվ죬ںżƷ쾧ݺݵն˰ָϣһصָ⣬شꡣ
󣬻
ۿܾҪָסʮͻȻ֣һˮͰֵ˽ܡ
飡
屻ܼȼռƷ쾧֮ӭһӲˡ
⵽ʲôܣô˵Ŀ¡
ָеԽԽľԼʩչʲôֶΣ޵еĽܿƵء
ǧء
겢ģȼ꣬ܡ
ֻҪסܣлɱҶͻޣԼʹ
ն
ٴαб콣⣬ƥն˲סѹҶİָ
Ż֮˫ץסָⱻİָҶĻᡣ
һ̣ȼżƷ쾧еб춯صע뵽˫С
һʱ䣬˫ӿﵽڣµӲָ˺ˣ¶ָеꡣ
С磬࣬һɡ
ָӲ˺ѣȼգʮ껯һ⣬Ҷͻ޷һҪǵ꣬һͬµ
˭һ
ҶѸٵ˻ǰӲ귢һԼ֮С
ԣɣ
ԱһɿµгҶԺУ˲佫ˡ
ʲôʲô
⵽γɵй껹δԱͱ˺ˣǧ˿ƵƬˡ
̺꣬ﵽ˼ޣ䶯Ƶϸɱ䡣
ܿ죬ԴһȦʵı仯Ҷԡ츳꣬ѳһƬ
ҶںƬʱԺгһޱȵĴת䡣


368 ת
Ҷ磬û°ɣҰ
޿Ҷ߿Ѫվԭһһæɵǰŵʵ
磬һ
Ҷ۾һϥڲѺۣصĵϣںϾת
ת䣬һΪ壬壬壬壬ս壬壬壬ʥ壬ؾ仯
ÿر仯ַС硣Ѩ󣩣ӿȪѨŵףѨؿڣѨ꣩ͥѨͷѨλ顣
ת£ɴﵽףֱӳӵǳҡʣ
һʲô壿ѵйأҶ۾ƯһĻ޵磬֪塣
壡ҺǵãôǲˡŬ䣬ȴԴտյġ

ûǳ࣡ҶһͿһͷĻޣоתһ
Ǽ򵥣ֻҪ㹻ڽѨλо۳飬ͻޡһС磬
תһ㹻죬Ҷ֪ҪѨλ鲢ףҪǿֲȻתҲܺųһ
磬֮ޣǸһ뿪
о͸Ҷ绺վĬĬΪԼĻޣѯ
ҵȻǸ㡣
ΪԼԵʣǱʶжҶʮ׽ټϻľĪĺô޺ԥ˵
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ҪҲܼ򵥣ǾҵģҵģҵġҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ʲôҪ󡣡ŭ
ԲأҲߡҶһԶ޵ģЦ˵
㣡㣡ݣĥ˵
ô˵ӦˣҶ翴ƵĻʵ
޺޺޵ػӦ
ȻӦԺҪƺΪϴ󣬲ҪССӵĽСҶ
ƾʲôŶ޴
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㣡㣡ݣޱĴӦ
˻磬ڵܷӶʵҶʵ
ģڵʵֵһ󾳽磬ʵӦ൱ޡ
ô൱Ȼڶ½㹻ǿ󣬵Ҷȴ⣬ʧʵҪôָܻʵ
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ΪżޣʥǴײˣɱɱҶһۻ޵
㲻ǿսɱżޣʥǲɱЩηؿŽܣոսָսĹĴη塣
ոջǰָȫľˣѾ޷ǵʵˡҶ̾Ϣһ
ܳǵʵҶڶ½Ժˡ
ԭ
磬㣡
Ҷ罫Ψһһ弶޵˳Ӹ˻ޡ
弶޵ǿ⣬ӦеáƲƲ죬һڽ޵̵˶УֹһҶ壬ڻľУָ
ʱʦ뿪ˣ
ҶһȫľĽսǬָУ̶ȥ

ʦոзʲô粻°ɡ
ָսɵĶ̫£룬ذ²ɵΪҶ絣
ͽղģʮȥˣСӻûлʮʮа˾ɥ֮ˡıʲһ˿˵
Ϊ˼µı壬ʲշǬˮǿڽУһ뵽УɹıʣӲһڡ
ģųʵµġ
˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʹҡԴ˵
ͽȰ㻹ǽʵǸ֪ߵغСӣúü̳ʦ²ʦɹʮɡ̾ϢһЩ˽˵
ʦҪȥҳ硣
ԽԽģ͵վ˵
УҲ룬װ
ʵɫ˲˸ǰݿܵ
ʦжҲɥ֮Сð
жʦͶû𣿡ѵΪ㣬ʦǬˮ͸㣬ϻ꼼⵶ѵһлȲǸСӡ
ʦо֮ˡͽһΡ½ҧһ˵ĺ촽޷˵˵Ҫ֮С
ɲ㡣
˵ţͷųǿϢɽһѹ˸ϡ
һ̣ʿϵ˫ֿٵŤ۳ǧ˿ƵĻ˿ס˸µ塣
ʦҪʲôʹ
κʵޣѲʵĸ
侲侲ɫѿ˵ʲôʱ侲ʦԻỹɡ
ʣǲЩǿˡ
ͻȻһͳͻȻҶȶŽһԶԶطˡ


369 ĩ·
磡
ſٷҶ磬ŵ˵أ԰׵Ҳ¶˼Цݡ
ţȻû
ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ޷ţڸոǵȻصķ籩УҶ羹Ȼ
ʣٷ˸ʦ㡣
Ҷű˿ĸ£ɫ˵
СӣңʲôʵôûĿǵؿҶ磬ʵûз˸µ˼
˸ʦ㣬Ҿ͸㡣
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ãϣƭңҶ㲻ؾ
˵꣬⿪˸Ļ˿ܵҶߡ
ڣԸңո֮зʲôʵ
뷢ʲôҲȴҵ뿪İ취Ҷٵ˵
磬ҵ뿪ķˣüͷһƣ΢΢Щ˵
ţһǴ뿪ġҶ˵ͷ˵
ܣʵôҵ뿪ķһƭҡ
Уһɲļį;ԪһľʧǿҲܲסҲŤ
ȴʱȴ֪Ҷֻʮʱ䣬ҵԼһĳڣ޷ʵ뵽С
ʦҺͳȥ԰ɣҲ뿪ط¿žЩʧصıʣ˵
ȥȥ
ͻȻӱŨŨɱҶ磬ɭȻ˵СӣԹ׳ɣҿ㵽û˵ƭҡ
˵ţʿϵб춯صϢһɽѹҶ硣
ʦҪʲô㲻˺硣
û뵽ҪҶ꣬ѸٵҶǰ˻
£㲻ҪΪ̳ҵ²ܷңҵ뿪·ҸһУջ¶֮ɫһ˿˵
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һЩԼĻ޷ܣʮʶǼٵġ
ʦ㣬ΪͽֻĴУԼźתȻҪһ£ɹˣҲлȥҪջظһСҶ翴˱ʵ˼˵
СĺܴȻµҵ˼ĿɭȻؿҶ磬˵ʵڲӦøʵ飬ھУȻ˺㣬ڣҾˡ
˵µ˼ȴ˵ʵ飬ʲôԭأ
Ҷǹһͦζȶɢǿɱıʣ˵
С㲻ҪΪҸһǾܶԿˣһ֪֮ʵж󡣡
۾ɱһһɣ糤·ߣﵽƷȼıгС
ȫʢʱڣȷʵĶ֣ɱɱ
˵ţһ߰Ҷ峤ǧ׵˫ͷѪֳ壬ͷűʴ˻
˫ͷҶޣʲϲ˷ܵ˵Сӣ͸õ꣬ռҲҿԽѵһͻƵǿ֮Ȼ뿪͸ˡ
㻹ΣҲò˵ԴסˡҶ̾Ϣһں˫ͷѪʵ˲ﵽ˶̶ȣֲء
ţҶתɲ޹۳ĵɱ¾Ȧٴʵ
ţ
оҶ˲ʵĩˣʧȥһıɫһ䣬Ҷϲһ˿Σյĸо
֮ʣҶˣ廯һâ˺ؿѸһ˱ʵĺ
⵶
ҶһӦеıк⣬ˮ֮Ƹֳնı۳һƴı⵶âһնҶ磬ֵסѸһ
֮⣬ƣ
һֵסʮ֮ƣ֮ƷҶ壬ܼĺڱ⵶âϣ㽫Ƶ
ʲôһ죬֮⾳һ죡
Ҷոһֱںʮ֮ƣʮ֮ƣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
֮ŭ
ʳԾ֮ʣ𣬹żףźӿҶ壬ٵػ㼯ɫĻգ׹䷲ǣɫıϡ
⵶ء
о֮ŭ̺Ļ֮޿ɱܵıʩչɱУˮ֮ڽ˱Уڼ̵ʱڣʮ
ܼĵâ·ӿΣ޾һʤһն֮ŭУӲ֮ŭһȱڡ

֮ŭնҶصĻˣһɴڣֱӽ棬ƻϵ塣
⣬˺գ
ƲϼأԵıʣϧȼϡ֮𣬽ˮ֮ƣǿ˺˻籩Ҫ
ˣ
þ߽ɣ
֮ƣ֮ƿٵػ㼯۳նѵص޽Яž˵ƻݺݵն˴ʧɫıϡ
һصѪȪ
ԣɣ
壬ҶѸٳ󣬵ְԴϣתɻޣתɲ޹Ũ˽


370 ֮
Ũ
˱ͷŵĴɲ޹תٶȴﵽ˼ޣڿУīȫɵҶС
ʮҶ۳ɱ¾Ȧɱ¾֮ﵽ˼µĳ̶ȡ
ĿñʱҶɱһĻĪһʹ
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374 ˼޵׷ɱ
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375 ɿճ
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ףǳѣ
鵽ҶڶǬָлǧسѣ뵽ԼӡУȪˮЩѣӡƵ˳
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Ҷ⿪бĽƣУһֻĴָϸͨڣԲԲͲݣѵĳӡ
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376 ˽˽׻
峿һƬõɫϼŲʵɫĿ
ʱ侲ޣҶ˶ӵޣʵ־˼֣Ҫ̫࣬ѶԶʤٱʱںͻơ
磬а취ƿŵĵ𣿡Ҷ罫˳ޣѯʵ
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ֵ޵ɴ˫ۣðȵĹâѵ˵
һĵ̫Ӳ֮Ʋʲôð취ƿܰƿҷ֮һ
ҿ֮һС̫СˡƲƲ죬˵
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šʮ֮ɡ޵
ʮҶʱͻԸҪˡҶ̾Ϣһź˵սǬָС
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λڸϽ֣λϷһӡ
֮ʣһ׷ԲԵͻȻڷУ˵
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ַŭ뿪󣬰׷̺ؿһɫƽҶ磬ѵ
лѣҸñ켼нףȻǵıҶ΢΢һЦη˵븵´ڽ״У׶һҪĶ
Ҷɱ̫ľߣıʹУһʱУ׵ϣ︵½ƿⵥҩˮԼ켶굤
ҶµĽףڰв²ݣҲв˴͸µע⡣
׽ջķҶ͸뿪˽˽׻ᣬصסĿջ
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СӣҾٶ죬ұˣҶܡ
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Ҷ罫ɱɳ޺õǰƷͼԼոմ˽˽׻ύ׵˳׼ͼһԼĵֶΡ


377 ͼ
ͼϹͼ֮һ󣬰ȫɽ֮ƣɱߡ
ƾѶȼɳ޺弶ʵʮʱ䣬ŽһװƷ
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۹ɱƣƾѵһڣвܹһ

Ҷһе֮ˮʵ˶У˲ָĵĻԵʼһɱƣͼ
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һָоħڰй²򵥣ܿǣһıҶ纬Ľ͵
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˳ɰգ˵ʧܣǻ˻֮Ӷ𡣡
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˵ţҶֱ֧Ʒ꾧µĳ֣÷ɵø߿ۡ
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һʱмǲҪɱ֣Ҫǿл֪Ǵʲô;õıᡣ
һɫƳۣͷѩף۾ݽգŵ֮⣬ʵﵽһ߻ض
İ߳ϣҵֶΣôʹȥĵı׺ݵ˵·ҶѾ˰ϵ⣬Լ׸
˼ĥҶֶʱҶŸ³ˣֱɽ


378 ͼ֮
꣡
һصĽŲ𣬴ɽеļž̬Ҷ磬ԼɫĻڰһĸ߽˳ɽС
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ѹס߳ϣҶٻޣʩչֶΣ߳Ͻѻꡣ
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ħڰк֪˲֪࣬ͨûа취Ūǹ֤ݡ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬
ɻɣ
˼һᣬҶתɻޣ˱ͼսǬָС
ʦ㣬߰ɣȥĮ󣡡
ҶٻĽ§˻Уչɵ˰УԼٶĮȥ


379 Į
ĮλڱݶռؼΪһ˼һڸ֣С
Į֮Գ֮ΪΪѷֱ淽ϢŴޣпȾߵļ޴ڣν쳣
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żٷĳɫӣҶɫ΢䣬ϳǻĮյһ桪Ѫó档
ȻһֻѪóҶ˹κεвǰѪóֻҶǿʵҲеëȻ

ٵȶҶڰлһ⣬Ÿ¼ܣʱŰѪóȺ׷ɱ
໡
Ҷ˸ոհѪóȺ׷ɱһŭ޺𣬲Զҵط
ţļޣߡ
Ҷüͷһͷŵ֣֮ԶһֻļޣߵϢԥŸ·˹ȥ
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ȻռţǰֻǺ֣ʵһҪ£͵Ĺȫѹס˵Ĺƣ
ڶ˵ĴԽԽΣգʱɥڶǰѪУͻȻ˿ٷҶ͸£дϲһ˿ϣסǰ͹ǿ
ҪҶ͸£ǰǵע⣬֮زز


380 ΣڵϦĸҸ
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߿Ҷ֮ʣҶͻȻѪ׹ǻ۵ɱӿݺݵغǶС
ܵҶɢĿֲɱһһֱסĸоӲɵò
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ôˣҶĿؿߣʵ
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лͲˣֻҪǹԹԻشҼ⣬ҲÿһȫʬҶϷʵ˵
ôĿⱱݣû˸Ҷұɫ΢΢һ䣬߳ŭ
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ĿöǰǱ˺ѵһĻɫ䣬Ͼܡ
ܵĵ𣡡
Ҷ΢΢һǰ˵

Σʱ̣߼ǱϡѪʩչ켼Ҷ磬ҪͻΧ뿪
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ҶûٱͨŶɱȻԵĻߣշԼٶȷˡ


392 ŮĴ
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Ȼɾһ֮ңҪԽһףΪ˶һ㹻Դɾ磬ѩϣðǵɽִɱʶǵĶȡ֡
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ѩտЩԾҪСĵ㡣ϣſصؼѩѵ
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Ϊʲô˶ܼģɫϹ֮ɫŵؾڲȥݹǶ
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иˣĿܿǣҶ罣ԶƮУһģӰѱٶȷ
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ǰһĻŵû꣬ʮҸոûгֹտǰʱǿϢˣԵҶ硣


396 
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ŻѪǱڵؿĸӣһ˫޻ףӱâļŭҶ磬ǳ
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ѩƮ˵ͷҶ磬ѩŮܽ뵽ŨɽһƮɽС


397 Ϣ
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399 Ʈþ£
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ܴƮɽսƮɽԴʹá
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̼䣬ҶȫʧԼޱȼ޵֮Ҳһ˿Ѻۣ鲻Խ§סѩƮˮһӡ
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Լʱ󣬾Ҷ粻иŬ޸˱ѵ޵֮ģһվûת뿪޷˵翻þػþռȥ


400 ޵֮꣬ѩƮ
ѩӣƮɽս޻ʾ磬ǧǰǱһˡ
ǰ绪ŮӣҶôһˣǱһˡ
Ҷ缫òĳѩӵܾһһºסģվǰĿ顣
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Ҷǰһ޾֮ӿѩӵܣϯص磬û뵽֮У꣬ʧʶ
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ѩɳ˵ڳȫɵۣͬ˹·һξзһ㡣
ңȥ֪̫ͨϳϡ
о̬أѩɳؼҴ뿪ƮþǰƮɽ˶̫ϳѩɽ壬﷢档

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籩ģҶ磬𾪵ķ֣Ʈʯ̾ȻľһɼѺۡ
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˴ʯľɫҶи֮
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أгһ̺·Щ·ݳĽ֮ƺͻ֮ơ
꣡
ֹ˰ʱƮʯг˵ڶѺۣ纣͸Ѻۣӿ˳ǿֱŤػþеĿռ䣬ŲϳɳĻľ
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׷Ʈɽ˶̫ϳϣҲƮɽ̣벽ǿ֮ѩ١
̫ϳϣܿػþռ䵽׷ʲô𣿡ѩɳعʵ
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⣬ʮƮʯôѡѩɳЩ͵૵
ҲҲǽ
ѩٿһ߰ŤŤ֮ȫҵĿռ䣬뵽˼УԼʱ䣬ſ˵

ѩɳüͷ΢΢һ壬Ħѩٻ⡣
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̫ϳϣ˵ҶƮɽѵҪ֮ˡѩƮѩٻ˼˵̫ϳϣͨƮʯ̵Ŀ𣿡
Ҳ֪ܲͨƮʯ̿飬ͨˣпƮɽˡѩ̺˵
ɶôСӵʲôͷ
ѩٶҶۣ˴أг˲ʺͲ
Ҷչ¶츳ǱӺɣֻҪʱ䣬Լһֻһ򵥣ԼޱĻᡣ
ϣǸô죿ļٵĴѯɫصѩ
ȣ
ѩҲû뵽Ҷ˵죬ƴ漣˴ʮƮʯ̣ѩ١
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406 
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ȻԤϣԴһ˲䣬ѩڵ˶ˡ
磬粻°ɡ
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ոƮʯ飬ͷŵ£Ҫ˵ǣǷǿУҲʬ޴档
ھҶ粻סˣδһ˿˺Ҷֶȫǵ֪𾪣ǵ
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㳥𣿡ɫ˵֪Ʈʯ̴ʮ꣬ˣʲôƮɽ
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Ҷ磬Ʈʯ̻ǶҲƮʯ̵ܿƮɽƽٽĳ֣ýһ˿ͱ֪ԸƮɽɹⳡ𣿡ѩĿƵؿѱҶ磬ʵԸ⣬Ʈʯ̵飬ҽ׷
Ը⣡Ҷԥ˵
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ԣѩٵ˵ͷͬʱУƮɽԴʹá
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Ҷ磬ȥƮɽ֮һƮɾ
˵ţƮɽƶˣ벽ս޻ʾѩͷȣҶ뿪˴ƮþǰƮɽ֮һƮɳء


407 Ʈɳأ
Ҷ磬ƮɳƮɽ֮һʮ꣬ɳÿһˮ̺żӴٶȿһǧ
ѩٴҶƮɽƿһĻĽƣߵ棬˷·ǶȺ֮еıƮɾһƮɳԡ
ŷӰƶӳյƮɳأɳƮŨҶֻɻתٶȴﵽ۷壬ȲҪ뵽
ǰȥˡ
Ҷ鲻ԽһƮ˶Уˬ˵
ȵȣһ⣿ͷȵѩͻȻס˵
ǰ˵
˴ųǻܲ򵥣ĪպͱԼмɰհƮɽõһħڵıѩ֣صʵ
ʮɰաҶŵ˵
Ҷ磬ôţѩ¶ѵõЦݣ˵֪ųǻ䣬ƼţټƷʥħڱƲõһѶԶԶ졣
İǰҼȻҿºڣһҶԼʵţĵ˵
úãҾڴıˡѩٵ˵ͷûٵҶʱ䣬ת뿪ˡ
ѩ뿪ҶһԾڰлһĻߣ䵽Ʈɳ룬棬תɻճŨˮһžʵһ߶֮⡣
ǿԣǻˮÿһˮļֵơҶˮʱȫϸԾ̰ˮеɱ䡣
֪ɳˮܷ۵ڶ顣
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һ۳ӿȪѨе飬ศɣҶﵽ˵ƾѹļ
ת䣬顣
Ҷתת䣬һǿڽŵӿȪѨӿɳеˮ۵ڶ顣
ҶˮУƬҶӵĻľҲ͸ˮ֮
أҶΧһž޴УˮûӿȪѨУ飬֮
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Ƕؾ֮ܶѵõ
кҪĹؿһͻƣܲѪ
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ҶƮɽӣƮɽȴʮҪƮɽܷѹȺ۶õһҪ
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ǰʯ˵ûʦֵʵǣһѹȺۣΪƮɽôˣƮɽһϮɫۣͦΣӵһͷɫͷѩ׸͵
ʵȷʵ˽⣬ȣ߹ȣڶеͻƵ߾磬ǽȽͻƵ磬˭ʤǡ
ѩƮ㿴һıߵƮɽӣ̾Ϣһ츳ʵǳǸǶԶԶ޷ҶȣҪǣҶ绹ûд󱳾ڱ֧֡
ȴƮɽ˼ѪԴ
ͻƵˣѩϸ߰Ц˲ˣɴ˫ۣԾ˵ٶôô졣
˴ųǻԶиӣһָо˽»ͻƵ磬ǵĸ߰ǲȫԸųǻ䣬ǿ»ᶪѩƮ˵
˵ţƮɳӿһǿϢڣɳбϮըɢ˸ٻС
㹻Ҷɹڶر仯ӿȪѨ۳ڶ飬Ǵﵽ˾˵
۳ڶˡ
оӿȪѨӿɳеҶ˷˫¶˵Цݡ
۳ڶ飬ҶʵֻҪ⣬ȫƾѹţΪƮɽųǻһ


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ಣ
ǿѹȸеҶ΢΢һһ磬ɳˮ˰ߡ
˼ѩոֳĶЩ󣬸鷳ˡ
Ҷѽѩ˵Ļ뵽УȻҶǲмһˣȴѩƮ̫Ϊѣ΢΢һЦǸ˵
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ߣǽȥ
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һ˵ĺθֳѩһཱུܷ߿˵ؿɫҶ磬С֣˵
磬ôˣ
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ռģҪʼѩѩһܷͰ͵ʱŭˣһԾȥһɱڵս䵽˳رߡ
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磬һܷڸоħѩƮо̬ԣֱҶ磬صʵ
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Ҷ˵ѩһܷ΢Ĳһ£԰׵Сѩ뻳У˵˵ҶҪıң磬һҪΪ
İɣڣû˺㡣ѩصص˵ͷ˵һҶħڵļϸҵȽס
磬ѩһܷǶϵŮԶϵǿƣԩϾưոݵġѩƮɫϾĴ㵽мɰȷѩһܷ⡣
ѩһܷȷʵӡħҶħڶеħϤҲѲڵħӡǳһ֮֡Ҷ紫Ӧȷʵûʮİ֤ħڵļϸ
ʦ֣ǻСӿʲôס˵
Ŀ࣬Ƣ𱩵ѩʯðɵ
һǿб뵽ڴȭͷУһƥеȭâԵʮĺҶ硣
꣡
ѩʯһȭҶӦѸ̤һ˽µĵ棬һȭӭȥ
䣡
ȭͷײ˲䣬ѨӿҶȭͷݿѩʯȭâһȭ˳ȥ
ۣ
ѩʯֻһһɳ壬һѪߵķݣ˳ȥֱˤǧ֮Զɳصĸ
ĿҶһȭƵѩʯ⣬ѩ˾õɴ˫ۣһʱû˸ٳֹ


409 ҳͻ
ȫ϶СӾ⡣
оҶѩûҳ̽ű࣬ż˼붷ѩƮ㣬˵
ңȥ̫ϳϣδǰκ˲뿪ͽá
ѩƮҧһ˵ĺ촽չ¶ǿƵһ棬˵
˵꣬ѩƮ۳һ⣬Լٶȷˣȥѩɳغѩ٣﷢档
һ֤ʵҶ˵ģƮɽѩƮ粿ʧ͡
Ҷ磬ϸϾҪˡѩؿҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
ǼϸǼܻվҶͱһЦм˵ƾǼʵɱͬɱ
㡭
ѩ뼸˶Ʈɽţƽʱ߸ϣܴ裬ҶĻһɫͨ죬ס
ҶһȭѩʯһĻ̫𺳣һʱ䲻ҳơ
ѩһܷΪʲôɪɪأ
Ҷѩһܷ΢΢Щ΢΢̣˵
Ҷ磬СˣҵţүүˣһŹġ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ѩһܷҧгݵؿҶ磬ߺ޵˵Ǭָó˴Ѷ飬үүƮɽѩŴѶ
ѩһܷɪɪ仯Ҷȷ⣬û֮ϥԭأԼ֮⣬ȴѩƮ˻
Լһʱ䣬ǿϢˣǿ˺ƮɳĽƣ뵽ɳ֮С
үү
ΪɫƳۣͷѩףһ߳ףü͸һ˿ߣѩһܷѳѩĻ˹ȥ
ܷҪޣүүѩὫѩһܷ§˻УοͬʱɨϥҶ硣
ѩŵ˳ʱҶѩŵˣҪϤϵܡ
Ҷ磬ôĹҲ̽ɫǲ֪ˡѩĸ֪Ҷͷŵʱŭˡ
һֻɫʰ쵣˸һѩ֩븡ֳ壬³̹ǵ˿Ҷ硣
ǵص˿ϮҶû㣬ܼ˿ʱӿ壬ֱӽѩ֩³˿ջˡ
շһ𡣡
оѩŵ˵ɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ѩȻҲûа취շοϡ٣½Ҳûж١
үүǲҪǸļһˣҪ뿪ٿ
ѩһܷűֵҶ磬Ư۾͸¶һ˿֮ɫҡѩŵĸ첲
ߣҶ΢΢̣Ե˵̫ϳûǰǲ뿪
˵ţҶ̤׹һѸݵ磬ѩŵǰ뿪Ļᡣ
Ҷ磬ΪҲɱ㣡
ѩ۾˸ŨŨɱĿɭȻؿŵǰҶ磬ɱڵ˵
㵱ȻɱңҶͱһЦֻɱҡ
úúãҾ㿴ܲɱ㡣
ѩűȫŭˣһֻŭʨһ˲ںѩ֩룬ʵ۷壬ߺһȭҶؿڡ

ѩһȭϮѨӿȪѨͬʱӿĳˮעҶȭͷУһȭӭȥ
䣡
˵ȭͷײһǵĶײװ
ŵŵţ
Ӳѩһȭ飬ǿķ֮Ҷһ˿ʧأϵغˣݵزĽӡ
ѩȻ˿ֱȴһ˿顣
ôܣֻھ磬Ϊʲô˲䱬˵Ŀ¡ѩˣ۾˸ɱŨˡ
ѩ¶˳Ծ֮ɫѩ룬ѩ׵ͬ뵽У񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬Щ
Ȼ£Ҷ˦˦ֱۣ
оԼֻ۵Ѩ飬߰ͻƵ߾磬жԿʵ
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ѩűһгһƷһãӰݹ䣬նҶ硣
˷
⵽ѩŹҶ廯һ磬˲佫ٶ۷壬ܿ˲ãƵĹ
ãӰն
ѩͫһʩչ켼ϼľ޽ͷҶ磬һ޳ն˹ȥ
оѩһȫԼ޿ɱܵҶһҧں˫ͷѪȼ֮Ѫʩչþ߽еֵ
ͻȻһʯǧڰмײѩĲãӰնϣֱӽҶһˡ
һ̣ͷȣͷƯƮɽ챦ƮӵѩٴѩɳأѩƮƮɳС


410 ֮ɱ
ôѩţסˡ
ѩͷȣ̤ųزһעɫѿѩţѩһܷˣɫϾ˵
ѩٵ˳֣ѩһܷ뵽ֻУҲû뵽ԼֻǺҶ֣ͱϵܡ
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ѩüͷ΢΢һ壬Ʈɽһˣ벽ս޻ʾѩ٣ʵ
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ô̫ϳһ˵ĻҲǣħڵļϸѩɫ˲˵
ѩţӦúѩƮضҵĿ£׼ѩһܷ뿪ʱѾ¶ˡ
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ͮҶһȭɣֱӷС

ʧصıͮʹİһܲסֱӱ⣬ɥ
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ųǻԽԽ˼ˡ
ɽ΢΢̣¶һ˿ѱ˲ɱ⣬ȲҪҶ罻ֽ֣Ĩɱ


425 ɽɲ
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Ǭĵͳ˵սڽһֻȫŽëʨֳ壬쳤Х˷
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ʼ˲䣬ɽбХ͵ƣſռݺݵغǬС
ܵɽԶʤԼƳǬɫ΢΢һ䣬һ֡
ˮ죡
ץסᣬɽˣʩչ˱еƷ
л㼯Ļ籡˲仯һƳ죬а֮ˮ쳤ХһЯž˵ƻǬġ
ɽˮˮĿռ䣬˺ѵǧٿף·ռ䶼һˡ
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ǿĻ꼼ԳǬնɱâʼѣɽʩչˮȴһֱǰ
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ˮĻ֮ӿ뵽Уƻ壬
أ
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ĿǰһĻڳ˶ɽʵˣ䳡ѻȸ
ɽӦñ㻹Ҫһаջ𣿡
˿ɫ°ʵɲıɽɫص˵
ɽҶʵǿʮĥһΪ˴ʶҲ䡣ƽ˵޷ġ
˵꣬վһʵԾ˱䳡ϣ֮ıɽ档
Ƕ˵ĿԳһʱм𻨡


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ǩϲϲ޷ʵ뷨ҶûκεͣһԾԽףص˿̨ϡ
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ĿҶȥıӰɽͷе۾ŨŨɱһ㶢Ҷ磬Ĭš
ʱǿѭĹھѩƮһı
Ҷ磬ɽչ¶Եʵʹô˽ųǻǰļҺ;ʣȴǿѭ֮ʣµĲ²ھĹ
һлǬģʵ˵ıɽ󲿷˿ã֧ʽҶֿ֧սç⼸û˿ѹȺۣĹھ
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Ȼƾܿ罣ӰǱһ˺ѿķ֮ƻɵĽӰ壬һѪƷȼĻ׳һ˿Ѻۣ˵˳ȥ

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һߣçⲻò¶ܣѸٽ⿪ӡͷųħһ
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çⱩһȫӿħٻ㼯һĻײ˽Ҫǿнˡ
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أ
çԴϰˣѪԽһأǿ׳صˤ˵ϣɥȪ
ǿƻɱç⣬֮ӿ뵽Уܿ죬ͷ֮۵㡣
ɱç⣬Ŀɨһɫçˣˮٻֱӷɻص˿̨ϣȴҶɽ۷Ծ


427 ҶVSɽ

Ž飬ڻɱç⣬ɽͷе۾ŨŨ
۱Ҷɱı滹Ǳɱç⣬ħںķѼţһħδɼӰ죬Ҫ˵ȫˡ
ҽҶ磬ɱ㡣ɽԷĵ
ɽȫˣҶന֪ɽҶһսҪԼ߹Ѿ¶ܣ֣صе
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Կ죬ǿսǿʾãʵĶԾÿ̨ϵĹڴ񫡣
սٻغƽɫɽϵıУʩչӰ֮⣬ûһٶӰӣҶǰɢľŻ
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գ֮䣬ɽﵽޣǿʵҶ˼в


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ÿµˣ˭亱ĿؿҶ˵Ҳ˵öԣҶпЦ󡣡
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ǣһδζײĹ춯أֲ纣Хһ㣬Ұ䶷һƬ
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429 ֮ս
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Ҷ˫ͷѪന۾ɵùԲˣòվ
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Ҷɽ⾪һսƱʷᡣ


430 ʤ
֮⣬ɡ
⵽֮ŭԱɽǿ֧ŲסһټأΪ˰ѱľ棬ǿסƣʩչĵƣʮ֮Ƹֳ壬γһźڰУ֮ŭͷŵĻ𹥻ѹ
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432 ɽҰ
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ɽѸٽ⿪˷ħеķӡͷųǿħն켼Ѫħӭȥ
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435 Ұ
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Ҷ˫ɨһۣɫ԰ޱȣϥһݣ˵ıɽûмӿٶȣ׷Ͻ
Ҷ֮˳סΪŹеĻԵô׵õģ˽̺ص⣬пŹеĻԵйϵ
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441 ·̳
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ҶĻڵħڱɽϻصӵɵùԲͲԾſӲվԭء
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ԼΪ츳͸߰ĸǱҶ̤ǧٿףɣҶǲԼеĿǡ
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̫֮ǿӡ˾ŵ֮ʱҶԺгصѣθУǧ˵Ѻۡ
ӡ˾ŵ֮ƣĿǰ⣬ʱӦþܽȫˡ
Ҷһסѣκʹץס޵ʱƿؾŵ֮ƣʱʱŽȥ롣
ҶһԼʱ䣬Ҷ£ɹ˾ŵ֮ƣʽ顣
ʱ֮뿪ˡ
Ҷһűľס֮۾ŵ֮ƣ飬֮
ꡭ
ŵ֮ƳҶе˲䣬ǿȴܲס֮ƱݺύѺۣٱѵıԵ
ôᣬĿǰǿȣȻ޷ܾŵ֮ơ
оڴ˺ѰʹҶɫ䣬û뵽ԼȻ޷ͬʱŵ֮ơ
ͬʱŵ֮ƣ飬Լ޷֮Ҷüͷһ𣬿Ű취
֮ĿѵǱ֣֮Ҷյš
ᣬ֮Ǳ֣֮һڡ
˼һᣬҶԼĲ²⣬΢΢̧ͷ˾ɸߵ֮۾͸η;Ȼ֮ɫ
ƴˣҾڴˡ
˼޹ҶһҧðղһΣһеıŵ֮ƣȫ
ɹͨ飬ʧ飬ǡ
ŵ֮ƣ飡
Ҷ籩һǿ۳ŵ֮ơ
ۣ
ŵ֮籡֮ʣҶܲסŵ֮ͷŵһʺɫѪ忪ʼѡ
ԴˣҶȻ۾ŵ֮ƣʩչ飬˱ľס֮
䣡
ʯ쾪𶯡
֮⵽ŵ֮ݻ鹥ֱӱˡ
ҵıըҡռ䷢Ť·ˡ
ռУҶҲ֮Ѫ⣬Ʈ


447 
ѵĽｫյ㡭
Լѵ壬ҶʶģҰ͸ǿҵĲʺ;Լһʹ˽
ѾѣռҲ֮ը飬Ҷ졣
ҶʶԽԽģΪʱͻȻ˴Ĺ֣Ժ֡
ûûͬ

ѷҶͻȻ׽УϨ֮𽥽ʢҡҷĻľҲµ
ǡ֮ռôô֮
ҶȼϣʱѵĿռУоǿ⾳Լ嫵֮
ԭ֮ĿǿһжȼϣܸӦռƮ֮
֮
ҶһԽԽ֮ӿǿռƮ֮ӿɰٴû뵽֮С
Ʈڿռе⾳Ҳܵһööӡӡ֮𣬴Ҷ
ģˡ
ڻľУ֮龪ѣȴﲻκæĻޣҶ漣ں֮⾳ʼ壬һ
һҶľ֮Ҳľ뿪Ŀܡ
ˡ
֪ȥ˶ãؼͻȻ˾޴·һڿռҡ
ԽԽǿҶںϴ֮⾳ϴ˳
۳ȫµ࣬Ҷ֮ӵʢȫ˷ǿߡ
ں֮⾳ĻԵ½һ
˵Ҷһ۳ȫµǱﵽֲĳ̶ȣЩŽԿ׳ţҲ޷⡣
أԡ֮⾳УһֻعĸоҶڳ˯ѣʶҲ
ҵ𣿡
Ҷָʶ˲䣬ĸоı仯
ȫµȻûԵȴﵽƷ̶ȣƷҪ̣ȫѪҺûһ˿ʣţ̰ļƹ⻪
ҪǣһڸӵһǧԪҶΪں˴֮ԪһӵǧİԪļ
ľڣ
Ҷ翴һƯڰУһСأʮƬɫҶĻľսУС
ڵʵӦÿɱ˰ɡ
ҶԼȫµʮ⣬оԼĿǰʵԿԻɱ
Ҷ磬ϲ֮ͨĿ飬õС
ʱϹŹ˺˻ҵĿռ䣬Ҷǰο˵
ллǰ
۾˸âɢָ֮һظоٸӢҶ¶˵Цݣл
㲻øлңһжǿŬġϹŹҡҡͷ˵
ˣٸһ
˵ţϹŹðĴ֣¶ģһֻһҳͨڣһȦݵĳӡ
ҵɿճ棡
ϹŹϵĺɫӣҶüͷһѪӦϳԼǰڷֻɿճ档
ոöǬָ֮飬һöָзֻɿճ棬͸һЩϹѪһɱ䡣
ɿճ滹㡣
˵ţϹŹ齫һɱ䣬ӵǻۣҶ罻ɿճ滹
Ҷ磬ɿճϹ棬ϲʳ޾Ѫպɱǿޣɽ޾Ѫɿճ棬ɱ䡣
һɿճɱ䵽ڣǿޱȣӵռʱɽɿճɵĿռ涴⴩Խռ䡣ϹŹӵɿճĴм䣬ϸĸҶ硣
ллǰһúġҶ˵ͷ˵
߰ɣҴȥһط
˵꣬ϹŹһ˺գҶ뿪˻ҵĿռ䣬ŹһǶУΧųɫѪƵѪ¡
ŨѪ֮
ǶУɢŨѪ͸ѪأҶֻȫϸԾ
ŹʥѪأԶʤǼĹѪأӵѪ֮ǱǿҲĶ⽱
ʥѪ̫󣬻ҪԵˣֻʱ䣬֮һ뿪ϹŹڡϹŹ˵
ʥѪѵʥѪʥ޵ѪҺҶüͷһв²
лǰҽȥˡ
˵꣬ҶٻֱӷɽѪҺճ飬ɢʥѪأȫëףתɻ÷ǿΪ֮ۺʥѪѪ֮ʵ


448 ʵ
ʱһ죬Ҷץס޵ʱ䣬ѪҺǿѪ֮ʵ
弶ͻƣ
ʮʱ˴֮ѪͷѪߵ̶߳ȵıɽɹͻ˾磬ﵽ弶硣
ʮͣͻƵ弶磬ɽ츳԰š
ͻˡ
оʵı仯ɽ¶˿Цݡ
ȻûеõŹУڰ쾳磬ͻƵ弶ʵ췭ظı仯
ɣǰʵ͵ƣԿԻɱҲлɱİա
ŹڹȻҵĸأĿǰʵӦÿԻħЦ½еԨ˰ɡɽ¶ǿҰģĬ
ħħڹϵĵһţʮͣ弶ԭ츳ʵѹɽһͷ
񣬱ɽŹڵõ˴ԵʵͻͽЩȲҪħڣսħ֪˭ħ½һš
Ҷ磬ѾϣţµУҶܴ漣õŹߴС
ȴ֪Ҷ粻õŹУԶʤʥѪ

ড
Ҷ·һ޵׶ʥѪзʥѪ˽ʱ䣬һ߰һ̶ͻȻ
һֻӴӰԼһֻչĽӰֳ壬ͷӳ
˴ʥѪҶ֮ѪͽѪȼͼһƷѪߵ˶ƷѪ
ҶʵҲԴѹƾ磬ˮɰͻƵһˡ
ȻûͻƣۺսȴΪҪǣľ˴ʥ֮ѪѾʮ֮ʱԺӲǡ
ҲҶѹƾ磬ûͻƵԭ
Ҫǿ̣Ϊʵĸݣպ·Ż˳ǱŻǿ
żףںϣ
ҶʥѪ֮ʣʮƬɫҶ̺Ļľɹż׺͹ںһγǿޱȵĹżףٴҶĵʵ
ʱֹͣ뿪Źڡ
ʱϹŹ鷢˻Ҷ˴лѣݿܵ
Ҷ磬ȻŹС
ϹŹ鷢ɽ¶ֻЦݣ˷ܵشЦ
Ҷεһʼ޷ȡĴ̣޲֮һ˿ϸСѺۡ
ֻлһ˿ССźǾûɱҶ磬ѪϴˢԼĳ衣
û뵽ҶǵȾ˵츳ŹߴУ治֪ŹߴʲôͻƵǬ̾ϢһΪҶеϧ
Ҷ磬𣿡
ʵͬǣﵽ۷徳Ľ۾˸Ż֮ɫĬš
ʼ޷󣬵һ֮ĵҶ磬ŹС
ˡ
˳ٳδҶ磬˲ͬ˼ʱռѺ۳ͷǴͳŹڡ
Ҷ磬ȥһ𣬺ڣţһվۣ֮ʱϣԼĴУ츣ˡ
ǬģɽͳŹڣϹŹʥѪϿգϢڶĿ⻪Ҷ磬˵
̤֮۵һ죬һ츣ˡҶ˵ͷԴ׿׿ı֤
㣡ϹŹ˵ͷ¶ο֮ɫһ˺յҶ磬ټˡ
˵꣬ռѺдͳǿĴ֮Ҷ磬գ֮䣬ҶʧʥѪС

Ҵ裬ʱ򳥻ˡ
ͳϹŹڣص⣬Ѻۣżҹųǣʵͻͽﵽֲıɽһʱ佫ĿͶ˲ԶƮƮĽɱȻ˵
ƾ㣡
һ̶ĽڽֳƷɱٽңָĿ¶׹ıɽη˵
ҰԸ
Ǭֳһսؿűɽ˵
ãԸԼԣ
ҡҡͷͶޱǿţ˵
Ͼͻ֪֮ʵж󡣡ɽĴЦһ˲ȼͷѪ⿪˷ħеķӡЯž˵ħն˽
죡
ɽֳַħնͫΣյ״ʮ֮Ʒ壬뵽ɱУ˺˿һӭȥ
ͣ
˴̶Ľ
ʮ֮ƣʮ֮ƼҵĶԳ⣬ǿȫżѩأ˵ˡ
ƣ
ڵƶԹ֮ʣͻƵ弶ıɽԶʤʵֳַħնһ
µĵâֱնʮ֮ƣһˡ
ڽ¶һ˿֮ɫסӿѪȫʱŹֳһռѺۡ
һâ¶ӰӳУع⻪


449 һָ
⣬ӰҶ硭Ȼû
ȫŰ֮ıɽ͸ҵĿŷɳŹڣԽԽӰõɴ˫ۣͬ˹
ѵͨŹѶȿ飬õߴС
һñɽе־ͷֳԺĶ
Źм飬ɽգķƣղžһĵõ˴󴫳У֮쾳磬һƷ
ҲҶѿԭţھҶ磬ʵͨѿ飬õߴС
Ҷ·һĳȴʹһıܴиǲǿҵĲ
У뾡뿪
ɽ⣬˻ɱͷϵ۳ٶӰӣӿٶųȥ
ܣ
ϢһֱǬķֱɽͻȻӰ֮ӣʮ֮ƿۣһʮ׳ľ޵Яž˵ƻն˹ȥ
֮⣬飡
⵽ǬĹٶȼıɽûܣʮ֮ƿٵۣһֻīĴֱ֣ץնľ޵ĵ⣬Ǭıˡ
Сɣ
ۿٶȼıɽͻΧ磬˵Ľ˸ˣ֣֯貵Ľâˮкذ㻮գ
ԹƣȫĹޱȵĽñɽᵽΣյظо
ڽ˵вɽоҶԼвûмٶȣֱӭȥ
ʴã
ɽһʩչŹʽƷǿʽӲ˷ķâ
䣡
ǿĹײһ𣬼ҵĶԳ⣬ӳ޾âǿ˺ѵǧٿס
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˱ΪԼȫһ޷شɽҲܽˡ
ǽ֮𾪵ķ֣ʮ֮ݻİʴãϵĹӲĹһȱڡ
֮ʣɽһӰǰԼٶųȥҪԽżţӳ
ȫǧҪˡ
عĽ˱һ
ôԵͻƵ弶ıɽʵ̫£ѩأǬҼ˺Ĺס
ʴãƣ
ʮһİ֮ٴαã֮ӣ˺ѩص˵Ĺ
ɽɡ
ʩչ֮⣬һƲеĽס˱ɽ֯Ľâ
Ϊ㡣
ɫˮıɽ֮⣬˽֯Ľâɭɭ˵
¾ͺһߵͰɡ
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ƶеĽ˲ɱΪһ壬ʩչŹʽУһ˱ɽ
һ˵Ľ֮·Ļ˺ѣȥֻʣһ֮ЯĽ˱ɽ
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޾Ľ֮ƣ֮ڰжԳ⣬˺ſռ䡣
ŵţ
Ӳɽȫһ紦ھƵĽ岽ȫѪҵطսɱұ۲
պٿ㣬ұɱ㡣
ǿʵˣɽ¶һ˿֮ɫɫȫĽɱڵ˵
ϣɽٶȲļͻΧҪͨż뿪ҵųǡ
ɽû뿪𣿡
ʱһƮ죬ɱ֮ڱɽͻȻ
ҶɽĲӵǿң˿·Ƕ֮У֮ɢ
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫһ죬һὫڽ¡ɽҧгݵ˵
һˡ
˵ţҶȼ˽ӿ˷ٶȣһɫ⣬ֱ˱ɽǰ
ȥɡ
Ҷص˲䣬ͻΧıɽħںһЯ޼᲻ݵĵ⣬նҶ硣
⵽ɽһҶû㣬Ҳûٻ֮жԿǽһָӭȥ
ҶСģɽ̶֮ȣʮֿ¡ǬĵҲҶ˾ŵɫĽ
ˣҶ磬һΪ޴ľٶʹۡ
ɽû뵽Ҷ˵Ŀһָӭ۾ͶɭȻ֮ɫİ֮ڽ˷ħУҪһҶָɱ
ʯ䣬Ҷ翰Ʒ̺֮ƣָ֮߰͵˳Ű֮Ƶķħϡ
˵ϣҶָûбħ飬ħгİ֮ȴ׷顣
ɽֻһɳ͸ħֱУֱ۷飬ħ㱻Ҷһָˡ
һ̣Ҷڴʧɫıɽǰָ͸Ʒ
ۣ
һ̶ѡѹ𣬱ɽҶһָɣһѪֱӵ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
һֵָסƾʲôɱң
ҶǹһͦζĿ罣ؿſѪɫɷ׵ıɽȻ°˵


450 ɽ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ĿҶһָƵɽȫһɵһĻڳȫˡ
ոɽӣһıɽҶһָδֵܵסһĻһеĸо
絽Źڻ˺εȵĴԵΪʲôʵôࡣ
ѩƮͣԼոҶһָɱɽһĻȴԺв֣֮ȥ
òϣҶʵѾԶԶ˦ˡ
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ҶӸµؿǳɫ·ѪȾıɽĮ˵
Ҷ磬ɱ㡣
ɽһֻ˵Ĺǣ޷Ƶŭںڵĳ裬ħһ
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ħܱѩص˺ɱ
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ѩأ˵ˣҲڱɽٻħܵ˲䣬ҪְҶС
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Ȼǰħܺܿ£Ҷ˵ȴκεв
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ɽѸٷ켶굤ŭҶ磬Ъ˹
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þ߽ʴգ
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ݣ
һĿĽâڱɽǰڶӦԴ
ʣ־壬ڵĸĿУɽԴҶһƵʬ嵹ѪС
½ţ־׷ϴıɽ


451 ɱന
ˣɽˣ
Ÿոջһıɽ촦ĵѪһ˵ٴȫҶʵ
˻δӾ޴оʱͻȻı
ܾżʮʱҹ֧Ųסܵ˼ˣһɼѺѿ
ãҪˡ
ѺԽԽѩء˵˻عһƣɽ˵ǰ㣬Ϲħż
磬ûа취ҵżţ
뵽ҶովܾɽʱĹϣѩƮͻȻһ˿ϣĿͶŴ漣Ҷ磬ѯʵ
ҲҪţа취ż󣬴ԭصңҶ¶ŵЦݣ˵
Ҷ磬費ҪҰ㣡ȫҶʵ۷ĽߵҶߣʵ
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˵꣬ҶŽųŴһɿճٻ˳
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ѩص˶ʮ͹ľżڳܼˮƣɿճһҧ飬̵˶С
ʮٶȼɿճͽżҧһ޴ȱڡ
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Ҷ罫ɿճսǬָ뽣ٶȼĴ˼Сڣ뿪ųǡ

Ҫˡ
ѺԽԽ󣬱ന¶Цݣڴص˱żһĻյ
µĺϣȴһ˿Цݣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ȻʮûбɽϢеһ˿
İڤϣԲɽʵԼıֶΣѩ뽣֣ҲɱĺߣനȰ˵
ϣɣɽ£ǾǵԲãҲƽϢŭ𡣡
֪ɽħڵ壬⣬ɽպ޷ΪħδҲһܳΪħδĴϣλߣǿԱġ
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߸ո´ͻȻɽŴʹİ˺ߡനˡ
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ҪǿʵסǶˣʱɽ䡣
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һƴնħУƲһɫĺߣȫܡ
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졣
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461 ƣ
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ΪƮǰ֮ϨǰƮɾΧͼҡ
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462 췣
٣ҳ߾Ϊʲô١
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ƶ⵽ػ׹Ʈɾ󲿷ַӡռ䶼ˣѰʱҶһ
ҶźŽѪʨڲƶмɳʱһƵĿռС
ѪʨǶеʲôռ䣿
֩㣬Ѻ۵Ŀռ䣬Ҷ¶֮ɫѯʽѪʨ
ƬռǶĺĿռ䣬ħĶǴ͸յ˵Ķ׹ڴˡѪʨ
ô˵ħпܾƿռУҶʵ
ţ⣬ħˣðռ̳ħʵɹ̫ˡѪʨѵ
ѾȰˣߣҶ͸˲ͼ㣬η˵
ðɣ
Ѫʨε̾Ϣһɢеһ˿־壬һԾ뵽˲ݺύѺۣ·ʱѵĲƿռС
ţƵƿռôƴڣ
ѪʨڲƿռзɳʱԷȥĻڿռѺвƵ
ȵȣͣ
о⴦ƿռҶýѪʨͣر۾ԿٵݣӦƵı仯
ɱЩɵľȻɱ󡣡
ҶڽѪʨϣԿ˰ʱڿռѺеƣɵľһµɱһУͻɱ⵽
Ѫʨ㰴Ҹ֪·߷УмǲҪҷɡ
Ҷ罫ݳ·ͼ˽ѪʨԺУĶ
ǣˣ
Ѫʨ˵ͷ˶ʨͷԺе·ͼӴڲƿռתŲƣٵطɳۡ
ŷţҶͻȻǰһ׶ߣͨɫҶƬ紹ɢŹڹ⣬ڿռѺеݡ
Ľݣû뵽ôȥˣĽȴˡǰɢźڹĽɫݣѪʨϳſѪڵ
ѪʨĽݼֵΣҶʵ
ĽݼֵȻصˮҲǼֵƵҪǣĽ̺֮⣬£м̺İ֮⡣ѪʨԼ֪غĽݵϢҶ硣
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Ҷɽħƽ̵֮ǿ󣬵֪ǰĽ̺֮⣬Ҷ۾ûȣŽѪʨٵؿ
ݣ
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ҶǿпĽݵ˲䣬һĿռѺ۳֣һɴ죬Ҷǰס
СӣҷЩСֶˣ㾹Ȼշһֻ߼ޣ
ѷɣԹɡ
ħĿ׺ݵؿҶͽѪʨһʩչӰ֮⣬ûӰƭƣҶ緢Ĺ
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ҶŽѪʨܵ˲䣬ħӿ˴ħ㼯һ仺ʢĺһҶ硣
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һɫհĹ⽣ЯﲻƵĽƲ׺أ˺˴Ŀռ䣬ݺݵն򻯺ϡ
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䣡
ҵıըÿռζī糱ˮӿķһҪûҶͽѪʨ

ؼʱ̣ѪʨٶȣӴڻҵĿռٵƶԶ򻯺ըģܵԶ
򻯺ͷŵֲ̫ҶͽѪʨǱˣѪҷ
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ѪʨĽݣӣ
֮£ҶľĽݣŽѪʨƿռȥ


494 ͨ
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ħƿҶŽѪʨȫܣѸٿ˾ĽݣҪǿժ׷ɱҶ硣
ʮĽ˼ߵǣ£һĿռѺ۳ΧͷųĻ֮ħƵĿ
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һĿռѺħƺԥư֮Ӱ֮ںһγһֻӰ֣֮ſռѺͷŵĻ֮һץס˾ľĽݡ
գ
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ͻƵս޻ʾ磬ħƷٶȴԶԶѪʨ󷨵貢ûв͸ƿռصĹ
׷ɱҶĹУ⵽һֲĹƺټϿռвʱѿѺۣӻٶȡ
Ȼƾ辪˵ٶȣһҶ֮ľ롣
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ƹɹΧħ֣ʮַ壬Ŵ̶ƿԳԽٵٶȣҶͽѪʨ
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⵽֮𹥻ʮֳ˵Ѻۣٶȳһ˿ٻգ֮䣬־˺˻֮ĹҶ硣
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⵽ħת֮⣬۵ʮˡ
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ۣ
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ټϽľҶηȫɱħƵͷܣԾ˽Ѫʨϣƿռȥ


495 
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Ѫʨٷɳʱٶȴﵽ˼ޣݳȫ·ͼڽ˽ѪʨԺС
ҶŽѪʨԽԽԶصħû׷ɱѸٷ켶굤ǿѹסˣ޸ߵ֮塣
Լһʱ䣬ɫ԰ף۾͸֮ɫħ³һƱŷȫټڲƿռ׷ɱҶ硣
ʶҶֶΣħƶ˱ɱ֮ģһҶɳ˵جΡ
֮ƻǿټϲµĹƣӰٶȣٷɳ۵ĽѪʨԶԶ˦ˣʧȥҶټ
Ѫʨȥ
ʱ˦ħƵ׷ɱҶȥ֮صƽƣһ֪˽Ѫʨ
ܿ죬ƶ·ߣܿһƵĽѪʨ
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
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ҶԼµͻħ׷ɱࡣ
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ҶԣǿӡؾͼսǬָѯĽѪʨ
֪ûطѪʨҡҡͷ
磬أؾ𣿡ҶѯͬĻޡ
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뵽Լ򣬾һһϦҶûжؾͼϥ˵ϣٵˣָĵĻ
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Ҷ֮ԶǰʯȤΪո֮ʱȥʯڲһ˿
һָоʯͷܿƮɾйء
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ǿ͸ʱʯӿһɺ˼ӲʯƤ¶һžӨ͸ʯʯУҶظо
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Ҷһ״̬ϥʯ£Եǿ͸ʯУ͸е⾳
ͻȻʯ׵ˣγһź嫡ۻ֮ƣҶ磬û棬ֱӽ⾳Ŀ顣


496 ħ
һ֮ƣ
֮УݵҶ磬֮нһ֮ƣ¶ʧ֮ɫ
ǰǰӦò͸ʯ̺֮ƣһԵˡҶ̾Ϣһ²
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ɶΪʲôһֱ⵽ƹȴСӡֳֽɫǣȫħƷߺ޵д
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497 һѪ
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Ҷ׼һʱԷħʬе꣬ԺиоһѪһ̺纣Ѫ
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Σʱ̣ĵ֮ӿҶ壬ݺݵغ˴Ļһ
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ҶִܶΪ֮ħ壬Ҫֵһʱˡ
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ĿûǿյһĻҶ𺳻𺳡
ָо޷ݣǰһĻԼһһ޷ǣҲǡ
Ҷ类ǰһĻʱͻȻгһΰӰ˾춯صХ
һʱ䣬ǿѣʱմңֲҶ飬һƬհס
ħǸħû
Ż߳ռУɽһ㣬ͷŻذƵĳɫӰҶɴ۾͸˾֮ɫ
սʤң̳ҵһУʧߣħĿؿŴʧɫҶ磬Եƥ˵
սʤ㣡
ܵħɢ޵ƣҶֻؿѹһɽѵôηĲ˿־壬һ˿ս⡣
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Ҷ޷սʤĵη֮ʣݵԲ˶ɡ
ǵѪħǵѪݻġ
԰£ҶڶϤǰ޵ħʵҲظоλͷϣ㣬ͷѪҺ
̤޵֮;עҪҵ֮İɡ
ϤħܣҶоԼһ˿ϣʿ˵սҲ˶㣬ƥеսΪģӣӡ
䣡
Ҷսʱ޴ħ̤һֱ̤˹ǿգһɽĴռ䶼һƹˡ
޻̬
֮Ѫȼգ
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ħһϮҶ˲仯ǿİ˰̬̣ʵޣֳ֮ӭȥ
þ߽ʴգ
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󹥻ײ˲䣬ķˣµӣ־塣
꣡
ǰħȻǵѪҺûɣ̺ȴ˶½룬һ˲䣬ʴ֮ͱˡ
µִױȵѹȸУڸҶ磬Ҫһƺɱ
ܣ
ҶֵħĹԥٻ˳עǧ֮ӲӲֵĹ
ۣ
ֻнܣͷŻŽܣֱҶ˫ۣ壬Ѫ
֮⣬޸
˫۱ϣҶ֮޸˫ۣԿħ㡣
䣡
ħǳҪĿĹâҶֺ˲ƥеһȭ
ֲȭâ֮ռըѣӿ嫵ȭâ׹䷲ǣҶв
飡
ȭâϮĵ֮ƷɳҶ壬ٵݻ֮ŭӭȥ
ĵ֮ݻʴ֮ħȭâʱˡ

˲䣬ʮ֮ƣ֮ƣ֮ƽһ𣬻˾צڵХײڻȭâϡ
䡭
ŵı𣬾նȻֵסħһȭ
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ؼʱ̣ƬȸɳҶ壬صײħһȭϣڵֵסħһȭ֮
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Ը£Ҷȴδħϵ㣬Ϥħ㣬֮޴ʵ࣬Ҷ޷սʤ
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ҶһסӿѪѯʻޡ
ǵѪӦΨһ㡣
ոҶȫֵħʱҲһֱڹ۲죬ǵѪҺĴڡ
ҸоǵѪµĵطĿǰĹ޷ǵѪΧķҶ̾Ϣһ
Ҷ޴֮ʣħӿǳҪΧת
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ȸ
ҶͫһȸӭҪȸĹֵħ𹥻
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䣡
нܣˣйŻĩһ㣬Ҷ硣
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Լ޵еħѵҶǻԵʱɥĿܡ


499 ľħ֮Ѫ

ҶȼѪ֮֮޸֧壬ŻʱΡħǰһȭҪһȭɱ
䣡
⵽ħһȭҶ飬ѪĽֱӱ¶λĻľ
Ҷδ̲ʵǿǰħ̫ǿ󣬳ķ롣
УҲܷһжһսʤĻᡣ
飬Ҷ֪ԼûѡΨսףƴһȥգ̳ħ岻ȥ̤Ԩٲ
Ѫ֮ڻľ
ȼ־֮ȼյҶ磬һںӵ֮޸һ߿ƴѪ֮ע뵽ľУһ
ľںҶעѪ֮ӳɫ⣬ڻ籩ҡҷػҶ֮
ҡҷĻľħͭб貵ǹ⣬ľȭâҪľ顣
ˣ
⵽ħǿһȭľһĶʮһƬɫҶ˲䣬ɫ⣬Ҷ£ħλڶͷϵѪҺ
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⵽ɫҶħͷϵķһѣһƬƬɫҶλħͷеѪҺ
ʱ޾ѪѪҺͷųɫҶ
ľѪҺ
ħͷɫҶƣ޸Ҷƻľɫ룬Լٶȴ͸ħͷѺУǿѪҺ
ֻҪľѪҺӵл֮ħɢҶҲл̳һС
⵽ľ빥ѪҺӳѪӵǿңһѪգɫ룬ԼĻᡣ
κλľȫҶ粻ϧעѪ֮£ľϵɫ룬ħԺѪҺҵĶԳ⡣
໡
ľѪҺԹʱħ˫ͷʹĺµڹǿ˿ֲǼʷ籩
ľȫɣ
⵽Ǽʷ籩֮ȫ޸ҶѸٻ˽ܣ޼᲻ݵ壬ֵǼʷ籩ϴ񣬿ƻľȫɡ
Լһʱ䣬ڻľɫ£ѪҺķڱƣɫ뵽ѪҺУʼɡ
ˣ
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֪ԼΣʱڽˣȫľעѪ֮ѪҺ

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Ҷ类ħԺӳѪʧħƵɴ۾ɫޱȡ
ܵʬ⣬ϵĻԵСӵõ
ħʬ壬ħƸоƮɾĻԵһйϵһźɫɫ׵˫عǿпħʬ塣
𣡡
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仯޻̬ħƵķﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣɫ׹£ȫĺɫ۲ϵط飬ĵʹȫ
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ʱһһڻľ£ħԺеѪҺľȫɡ
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ľѪҺĻ̺֮ǿԺ䴩Ʒ
û뵽͵ȵĽ棬ȻշҵľѪڴˣҲڤڤ֮еĶ
гŵұľѪ͸㣬ں϶ҵľѪͿ컯ˡ
ħѪһõԵҵĶ㡣
ǸҾһһżеõģҵʵŽռ䣬õĶУǶмռ䣬ʣ¿ռкδУҲ
˵ţʯһ㣬͸Źϲɣ֮ħƿǿգҶǰ
ҵûȫⶴҵǵѪ޷㽫ܲǶͿıˡ
˵꣬ħʧˣǿգֻʣƯеħ


500 ħѪѪͨ
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ħĿ£Ž˶ռ䣬ⶴռ̲źεȵĴԵ󴫳С
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ڻľйħѪ̫ǿҶ˾޴ĸɣüѣޱȡ

帺ɸԽԽǿҶתɻԼת䣬ħѪʵŵĿħѪ
ôᣬħѪųҵ塣
ħѪ͵ĿУҶֻԼ·ȼһ㣬ͣסʹ˰ʱ̺ĻǿȴûħѪļ󣬺ħѪʮų塣
磬֪ʲôһħѪҺΪʲôųҡ
޷ħѪҶ粻òѯʼڻľУͬħѪҺָʵĻޡ
š²ĻħѪҺ֮ų㣬Ϊշǻľ㡣޳˼һ£һ´мϴһħѪҺʱӦѪҺеħ־ħѪҺеħ־Ͽ㣬ӦþͲųˡ
ѪҺлħ־Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ջ޸֪תɻħѪҺʱԸӦħ־
͸Ӧ£һǿ֮ϯذķ籩ӿҶԺУγһ޴С
УԼһΡΰӰųɫĲ죬쳤Х
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ԣħ־
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κΣԵĴڸӵ죬γɵвϵؽħ־ֱӽУĽ顣
ҶԺħ־ԿʱҶоͷʹѣ·ԴҪһ㡣
֣һҪס
ΪγħѪҶļţʹȫħ־
ʱ˿̣ÿһÿһ룬Ҷ綼е꣬ھ޴ļ尾УҶ类ĥʹѪ˳߿˳ʮֵĿ¡
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ħ־ħѪҺڲųҶ壬ԣת£ħѪҺںϡ
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ͻһ磬ҶĻԼ˫ͷѪһȫµѪлγɡ
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һǿѨͷų˴ħѪҺҶɹ۳Ŀ飬ɱͬʱﵽ˾˵һǧѹ
ҶĿûãγһƳɫѪƳɫѪǱ֮ѪҪǿħѪ
ħ֮ѪħɣҶħѪֱӴﵽ˶ƷѪȼ
ħѪγˣľͻȻֹͣйħѪҶʵҲ۷徳硣
ţѪͨħѪȻ̺һѪͨ
ҶĬĬӦħѪʱȴ֣ⷢƷħѪиһǿѪͨħ֮
ħ֮˼壬ȼħѪ˲仯ħ֮
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Ҷ籩һħѪȫȼգһɿֲйϵ
Ҳϱǣգ֮䣬Ҷ屩ǵ˽׸ߣȫ³Żħһ㡣
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Ҷ籩һ˾춯صһȭ˹ǿա
һʱ䣬ռ䷺˾κ˰ĲƣֲȭâγɵƻʯأԵƥ


501 Ǭ
ǧħѪǿѪ֮һȻ֮ѪҪǿĿǰʵʩչħ֮Ӧħ˰ɡ
оħ֮ʵҶĴоԼȫħһսˡ
ʱԼղУħҪɱԼҲѡ
ʱħˡ
ʵǣҶ˾Ưڰеħ£ҧָħϣԶ
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Ҷ罫ѪҺע뵽ħ֮ʱһսԺԼ֮䣬ԺгһŹ򻺻ת
ŹÿһתҶ޴ʹĥӲ
ٴξܷʹĥȻ޷Ҷǿ֮ģѪɫĴۣصħһԴԴħעѪҺһ߿ʴԺеǿŹ
һ죬죬졭
ħµĶȼ̫ߣҶķѪҺ˽ʱ䣬ʼ޷ħȡøӦ
Ҷ粢٣һ߷ĲѪҩһ߼ħעѪҺϧ۵ħ
ڣҶʮʱħֹͣҶעѪҺԺǿŹҲȫʴˡ
ǬںС磬һռҪս޻ʾ硣
һ̣ҶԺӿ˴Ϣ֪ħ֡
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֪ǬһռľҪҶüͷ
ΪҶ̫ʵÿͻһ磬ҪӴԼͻޣﵽս޻ʾ磬Ҫۺεȿֲ
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˼һᣬҶԵ˳ȥ͸Ǭһռ䡣
ͷŵĻÿǧεƵʷĳǬеĽƣһ˿
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Լһʱ䣬ͷŵĻ͸ǬһռУҶڲӦһĿռ䡣
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Щߵȼ꾧⣬ȴûзħµκЩź
ѵħﶼռУҶв²
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뵽пܣҶԼ͸ſڶռ䡣
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ƽڶռʧܣҶٻɿճ棬ǬݵСУȫǬڶռơ
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֮£ҶֻܷǬռͷ
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ϴ㲻Ҫˣֻⶴûȫ㽫սУ֮ȫˡ޴ҶƯΪ
ԭҶ˵ͷ޷ǬǵʵҲԶԿħˡ
ҶħѪҺǬʱȸɹڻ˵Ƭ̺ĵҲԶˡ
꾧ڣ
Ҷٻ˽ܣȡһƷ꾧ʮ˿żƷ꾧ȫڽ˽УŽܵʵ
䣡
һɰĻڽйں㹻ٴο缫ޣӵһս޻ʾʵ
߰ɣǳȥʵӦлɱħ˰ɡҶ۾͸һâɱȻ˵ǬСɳСڽУƱ֮
ţʱǸëһˡ޵˵ͷ˵
˵꣬Ҷٻ˻ԼٶȷǿһĿռѺۣ뿪ħʱǰʩչͨǿտռ䣬صʵС


502 ħƵĵ
ţڳˡ
ȫ˾Ľݣ̶֮ȣս޻۷徳ħƣоҶϢˣ˽յ˫
Զ迴ħƵĽѪʨҲڵһʱҶ磬뵽ЩħƲϱǵʵѪʨɵΪҶ絣
СӣԽԽҾˣû뵽ҴĻǣķʱ䲼µľ֣ճȫ㡣
оҶͻ۷徳磬Ϣ췭ظı仯ħȫȷҶ̳ħĴУԼҪһУԼŬ֮
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Ҷ΢΢̣¶񡢰ԵЦݣֳַ֮ýָη˵

ħƱһӻһҹֳּƷǹһǹҶ硣
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ħһǹҶԥʩչƣһǿ֮йգ֮䣬Ѫɫ۸Ҷȫ仯˰˰ֳ̬֮ӭȥ
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ħһǹȻ£޻̬£Ҷﵽһǧµ֮Ӳסħһǹ֮
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ôһǱвɳȥһҶ㹻ĳɳʱ䣬ȫţҶһܳɳԼӵĸ߶ȣʱȴȴħڵĽ
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ħնĴնħ£Ҷ缸ƷҲӲѸٻ˽ܽеֵ
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䣡
󹥻ײһ𣬱춯صľ죬µһУĿռ˴Ѻۡ
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ħƱһʱѪʨҲȼ֮ѪҪ֮ش
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δʮħնҶ磬Ѹٵʮħն켣ǰ޼᲻ݵֵסһ
Сӣа֣ҲУɣ
ܻ⣬ħƲٲ׾Ѹټһˮʯͷ
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˼ޣ
оɫɢĿϢҶɫ΢䣬û뵽ħƾȻշһֻ˼ޡ
ҲΪֻ˼޵ĳ֣Ťת


503 ԡѪƴɱ
ˣѪ˵շ֮һѪӵкǿѪóǿû뵽˾ȻʵѪշˡ
ҶΪѪĳ֣¶ʱѪʨһϳѪʵҶ硣
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ħѪٵȶѪɫᣬ쫷磬һɫѪӰԼٶȹҶ硣
磬ͽܾסѪҺѪʨԸħơ
ѪҶвٻޣ뽣ܹ˳Ѫ
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ðտѪ𣬻ͻ壬ͷųɽѰ𣬺˳Ѫ
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ôڤгԲ𣿡Ҷ۾һѭѭյʵ
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㣬˵ĺóԵǲ
ҶǬָȡһʮ㣬ϸҶƬǵ㣬ͨɫݣЦʵ
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ҶУɢ˿˿ıɫСݣ۾ʱ˷ܵ˵
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ʮ˲ʮ쳣ǧݣȴ޵׶һ㣬۳Զǧݣ޷Ѫ֮ʵҲļ仺ɾ硣
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վ鶴⣬óһƣ֮ע˴Ļʱһ׹ӳڽ˽ƷӡУ鶴
˴鶴ʱΪʱ˭ڵӱ鶴Ǵ˴űԵһһԪ
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513 
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515 ˮ
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ϣ±Ӳ۾ˣֵȥά
ȻȹŮӴ塢ηľٶҶжڵˣӲ顣
һָâһƲǣȹŮӶͷϡ
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ȹŮԴҶһָ㱬ѪԽһأ
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517 þ߽ʽ
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518 
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⵽شʩչķһǹƣǿ͸ɫǹ˽˫У˫۷飬ڵѪҷӽڽڰˡ

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521 ȫ
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522 һս
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ͻȻһֵˮĶУ˳ԴľϣͻȻסˡ
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һˮԡеŮ˦һʪͷҶĿע£ת
Ҷ缴ӣͦε˫ʱһģӰӹĳҶ󣬴һųǿӡҶԴ
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꼼ˮīɣǰʱˮīɣּץȴץˡ
ٶȼ꼼ƭ۾˺ɫռʧ
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ŷȫ£ɹ꼼ȴ֣Ż꼼Ʒ켼꼼¶ʧ֮ɫӵУ꼼
ˮīɣʹȫ꼼ʱƣҲȺͨ˿飬ڤ£һٶӰӣںɫռмӣϲһööټ۵꼼
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貵Ĺâˮīɣͬʱ۾һʱ˹ȥ뽫׹̲صĻ꼼ᵽ֡
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530 Ӱ
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Ʒ켶꼼ȹŮ۾һڴʵʦ֣֪ҪԻӡҪܷҡ
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ģ׵õʲôΪʲô̶ʱ䣬ʵͳɳ̶ȡˮīɣ˫ȭգвʵź
ˮīɣҶʱڤٴӳĿİ׹⣬ӳڵĿռ䣬ǰİâǡ
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ٴذâʧܣˮīɣ˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȣʱѾõڤˣֻԵõƷ켶꼼
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뵽ԼϾҪ̶֮ȣڤڤδ֣޾Ǿð£͸֮⡣
ܿ죬ϥҶ类īˣƹ֮͸ë׷С
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ˣĸȻȥɣúõĴУȡڼеԨʥǻȡúóɼˮ˵
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ˮīɣ˴Ųͬ뿪ˡ
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뿪ãԼ£Ҷڲ͸ڤ̺Ķʮ֮ƣ֮쾳硣
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531 ڤ
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ܵеҶ磬ȫںڰУûףɢϢӰ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
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䣡
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ܵ˲䣬Ӱ֣ʼɫռһƬ޴гҶͷͷųŤҶ磬ͬʱӻٶȡ
ħѪȼգħ֮
ռҶԥȼħѪ񱩡ҵй
գ֮䣬Ҷ仯ħ֮ӱһȦüֲǧУϵը鹥Ť

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ҵȵûеȵڤܲӦûҵڤصĵطռ䣬صľڤڣڤܾܿڤСӰӦڤĿ顣Ҷ紫
ϴҪҪҰһӰһʱˣָ˲ƵĻʵ
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µʴ֮Ĺصغϣһ˳ȥѺ۵صײڤϡ
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⵽ڤڹҶ粻ܣֱӭȥ
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䣡
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Ѫȼգ
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ޱȵĽâǧԼɱ¾֮ȭâ壬ȫѹĹƣƣѺ۲塣
ۿӰҶ͵ĹƻӰɬ޾âӳ壬ɡ
ڤ
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ˣ
ҶĿڤ˲䣬г˴ĻԻʶ
Ҷ罫֮죬һͻָѣ
þ߽죡
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Լʮ֮˺ڤռһƬ
ˣͨ飬ʸڤˡ
ֻʮʱ䣬ʮܷڤ뿪
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׿ھķڤھ


532 ħʹ
ԭڤԻ֮Ϊ󹥻ΪݻƷĵԽ࣬ڤԽ󡣡
Ҷһڤھڤ˳˽⣬ʼ򣬼ݡ
ʱҲҶзٵš
ˣôûѵĳ⣬档
ļٵˮڤȴʱ䣬ȴδܵȵҶ磬ԽԽԽԽģڤⲽ
ˮ֮˵Ҷ磬ǹ˼Ǻһ£Ǹصս޻ʦ֪ڤһԵѡ
ˮȴʱڻеĴѶͻȻѶ鴫ʱʱĻŭţѸ뿪ڤټڤһڸ֣ڤŴ
ণ
һʯֻչʮףɫë罣Դ϶ŻʹڰĽںӥƲ񷣬Լٶȷ˹
ħλʹߡ
ڤڴϿԽԽֻ޺ӥѯĻŭţü͸һ˿εˮ
εģħ¡Ԩ󻤷ˮƯ۾бŵζ͵˵
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Ҷڴˣһϳħ¡Ԩǵڱ׷ɱͼشǸˡ
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ҪöԨҸˣҪôлҡħ¡Ԩ۾ˮӣɫԵ˵
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뵽еĿܣˮӲһ£ɫɷף顣
ħ¡Ԩ˺Ժнʱˮסˡ
Ҳû뵽ذ֮ˣǸصս޻ʦߣΪڤ۵ݵ㡣


533 
þѪ֮˵Ѫôôǿ
㽿СиֵԳӰܵͷŵѪ֮ħ¡Ԩɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
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䣡
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⵽ʮֹ㲻ϵرǧ֮͹֣µײڰ𣬼һ̻
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Ϊڼǰ㻹һΨΨŵŵԼ۸СɼղȻʵսӵа벽ս޻ʾħ¡Ԩ·硣
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⵽ħ¡ԨܼâվȻûкˣǿʩչͫԳһĴͨ
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⧲£㱻ħ¡ԨĴնħУǿƣӲ㱻Ѫ˿ڴصˤ˵ϣˡ


534 ɱ
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Ҷٳδ֣˵ֻ֪Լϧ۵ȫȼѪ֮ƣٴκժȭ˿ٱƽħ¡Ԩ
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ڤڵȴδܿݹѪɫâѪһء
ʲôסˣĲǡ
ħ¡Ԩû뵽ԼȫȻˣȻŭ
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絽ȥˣôҡ
ȻɱڤڣնħƻǿƺأʧѪҲԽԽ࣬أԺгһ˿ѣΣƶٶҲԽԽ׷ħ¡Ԩ׷ϣ˾롣
Ͽȣ
סˣڤɽٿ˰ʱǰԶһڵϿȣһҧֱȥ
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ʱһϤУ߶ȼеؾ԰׵СҲ¶绨Цݡ
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԰ٻѪħйʱҶ粻ܣץȥ
ǧ֮ӲȿƷֱץס˰ٻѪħУɢ˹µѪɫâ
ʲô
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һƬհףͣþû˵һ֡
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ħ¡ԨҲ󲻳걻Լ׷ɱЩɥҶ磬ֻ˶̶̼ʱ䣬ͳɳԼĳ̶ȡ
ħ¡Ԩ˾һɡ
˵ţǧ֮뵽ҶУ͵طħ¡Ԩ־Ŀע£ӲƷٻѪħС
оҶ羳ʵħ¡ԨͻȻɴ˫ۣ뵽ʲôֵ˵ѵǰ죬һȭ벽ս޻ʾǸ㡣
ϲ㣬¶ˣǸ˾ҡ
ҶУħ¡ԨȻһˣʮ̹Ȼĳˡ
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⵽ڤħ¡Ԩܻ֮Ӱ죬Ӧһ˿ٻعʱЯžƻڤصغϡ
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535 ȫ
㣬һֱڤˣԲ𡣡
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㣬ģЩͼ˺ˣҾŹȥҵǬ˰ɡҶ֤
˵꣬ǧ͸㣬ٻǬսǬˡ
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Ϊڤڹغܷ˳μӼԨʥǻ䣬Ҷûٴɱ䣬Ļصڤɿճ£ƿڤڽƣ뵽档
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ǰǸû֤ħŷΪ֮ƣֻзϢħ֪ħ¡Ԩڤڳµġˮ̾Ϣһ
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֮£о̬صˮˮϢԲٵֱʩӡǣ鴫
ˮˮۺķѼȫħ¡Ԩ˳ϢʱһذϢڤը˹
ڤһʱ漣ˡ


536 ˮļƣϣ
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537 ˮļƣ£
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Ԩʥǻ仹ʮ죬Ҳģһеǻ˵ɡ
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óƵĴʦΪҶƽ⣬ԺеӡǻпƵġ
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ϢһҹҶ磬һ۴ϡ⣬¶һ˿ЦݣĬ
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538 ʬ
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סħһΣȻʱٽǡ
ʬȻŰԵ½һħǰΣħƼԦ˼޳Ѫٷʬɫۣ˫޻׵ʬɫ΢΢һ䣬
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УҶ绹˲ˣоͰӰ¥ļҼĺ裬𹬣֡
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ںҶʱһඥĸоһƬ
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һУҶţһԭһصȴս
Լʱ󣬵ڶֻսڽˡ
ΪҶĴڣգ˫˫˳븴һƣƾϱµıֵҲ븴
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֪Ҷʵ磬ˮĻŭţһָоҶʵڤĹгǰʮĻᡣ
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ڶֱУڤڵӺ⣬ҶȽϸȤһˣĿ࣬ӵɽ֮Ƶӡ


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ʬһҪɱҶ磬ȴ֪ǶϵĲ򣬶һֻͻ


548 ּɱ
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ҶĶ֣ƷƼҵһţĻ¹ֳһų߾Ŵ糤ǹǹָҶ磬ŰԵ˵
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Ҷ绰䣬䶷̨˺ôЦ̶Цֻʬͼɫ࣬£ͷð˵

Ҷ糰ȫŭʬͼһֻŭĶǣ޷ƵŭһֻѪøֳ壬ƶʵڽ
һ̣ŭʬͼˣֳһƷȼѪɫսնҶ硣

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ʵҲɱңЩ
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˼սʱ䣬ĬĬصϢܿ죬һʱȥˣϦʱڶСַ׷뿪˳ɱ֮䶷ص˸ŵĵطϢ׼յı
صŵĹԺҶһڣԼϢĹݣ˴ƽƣӡסӡ
ҿõĹֶʵ̫ˡ
ȻսӮɣҶ֪Ŀ黹ں棬죬±꣬ħˣԼĿǰյֶΣԶԶǵĶ֡
һ¶ơѪ֮һᱻħƿɣ³ԼݣʱԼӵΣա
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Ͻ·ܵһٻͻȻ궯·ҪѳҶĿƣ


550 ؽʯ
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552 ֮
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553 ҶVSħ
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555 ҶVSʬħ
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ȱֱŤת˾棬Ťת˶ԽֵĲ²⣬׶õƣ¶ݵҶ˴鷳


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ĿҶʬħọ̈̄ˮˮ໥һۣ˴۾е𾪡
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564 ںħ
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ǿһħħģʵһٽһʱ¼ҳ棬Ҳ޷ħħġ
뵽ԨʥǿѹšħǶ˵˼׼ϧҲҪߡħȿԵƤӵٴߡ


565 콣
ûǵˣɢ˰ɣ
ĴħǧһԶΧ۵ĸ֣˵
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ħǱ䣬䶷̨ӿͷ·Уܿ죬Ҳ۳֮֮ĳȳҶ硣
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ΪǿħǧûгǩԾ˵ڶ졣
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ͬʱԨʥһƷӡĹԺ䱸ɭϣ˼޳Ѫػһȫյʯ⣬ػŲʱðħʯҡ

ͻȻһëȻĺʯдţʯӿħͻȻӾ磬ȵĳˮʯңʯҾҵĲ
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ħƺͳѪĳֱ֣Ťת˾ƣҶĴΣա


578 ƲɵɱԨ
Ϣս޻ʣħôͻƵս޻ʾˣѵǿħıõˡ
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ǰչ¶ʵ͵ƣ˴ԨʥǻһĪҪ˵ħ¼źȣҲвСĲࡣ
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һҪʬħǱɵˣеȫ־ȡպҶ磬»ֱƵС
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Ҷͫһ֮籡壬һһŭĿħơ

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580 
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һ㣬ʬħħ׷磬ħԪ顢׹⡢аƽ뵽˵ؿռУʮļսʿҵɱ
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ѪȵĳѪԽԽ죬ۿҪ׷ˣҶ綣һͻȻٻԼ۷ӳ˳ѪȺС
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590 
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591 ˮ
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ɫˮϮҶٻܣԼ󹥻ֳ֮ӭȥ
ǧ
оɫˮ̺֮Ҷԥ˵սĴȭ
ȭкɫˮʱǧԼȵĻ֮⣬˺ɫˮУµĹӲ˵Ѻۡ

屻Ҷ籬ľѣɫˮͻȻȻҶ磬˲佫˱
ˮ̺֮ƹ֮͸Ҷȫëף壬
ʲôΧȻ󣬾Ȼ֮ء
͹ȻĺʯˣͻȻҶ类˺ɫɫ䡣
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һ̣ɫҶ壬ǿд͸ŲѺ۵ĺȻУ⵽ػ֧ĺɫˮ

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κ⵽ش˼㣬˺˽룬أɫˮɫһɣʧȻС

ľ˺ɫˮҶͷ֮ǿж
ʧȥ˺ɫˮʧȻҲʧȥһʼѾ޷вҶˡ
Ȼصĵƣ
ĿҶͷɫ룬ɺɫˮһĻڳȫˡ
û뵽ֶ㹻Ҷ绹ǿĵûжãԽĸоɲ⡣
֮ͻľ˫£궯ĺɫˮձľѹҶ硣
һ̣ҶԺг˺ɫˮϢ£Ȱ벽ս޻ʸֵĺɫˮʮʱݻ֮ͱ֮ˮ


592 Ļر
ˮżˮںϣ
շˮҶƻľǿںˮҪںһγһֺǿȫˮ
˷ľٶҲֻӵлľҶϾշˮ죬Ҫ˵ںˮˡ
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ۿȻγɵļ֮Ҷϣߴ֮Ʒɳħ֮ݻ˿µ֮Яž˵ƻȥ
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ľȻը죬ŭ־壬εѡ
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ĺʯһ˿籩ϯĻŵɫ䣬׷ܣ±ɻ֮ϯ棬⵽ش
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⡭Ӱԥһ´лᣬ᲻󣬶Ҳðն֣ҪǿսȻпԨȫû
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ǺãҾͲˣҪһŵӡҶһӣŵӣӸˡӰ͵սǬС
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֮ڶػʱӦвðı亮뿪ˡ
ǸոڱеʲôôŪô󶯾
Ҷ˹Ȼ󣬼սˮɵĶ̫󣬲˲ǿҵĺģҶڱײ
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ҶԽ˵ԽоڱлõĻԵСг˺ڣûиȥ
ˣ֮Ѿ뿪뿪ɡҶ翴ɫˣ
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׼ԨײҶ˼һ£˵
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ˣԸҵģߡ
˵꣬Ҷһɳ˱ЩðյԨײȥ
ߣǸϡ
쿴ʯ˺ԥĸҶԨײһҧħҲȥ
Լʱ䣬˴سƣڷɵ˰˿־Ԩײ


593 ڵľ
ţ֣ԨײȻؿķǡ
ɵԨײҶ緢߲谵һſŹķǳͷ˸ųɫǹ⣬ӳԨ
죬̿ӦǸߡҶ翴űس֣δ֪治巽Ԩײ˵
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Ҳ㣬ܾǾûмȥıҪֵɡҶ˵
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Ӧһᣬݰָķ򣬴ҶһˣƮسƣ˺µԨȥ
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ѵĸоĪա
ɫĬǾô˻ȥƱسΪЦ޴棬óȻǰУǰĿռѺۣпܱռѺɣ
ʯ䣬Ժͷգ־սʤϣһҧ˵ֹͣǰУǷȥ
ǵ˳ʱ·۷ʱȴط֣ԼǵգصĿռѺԽԽˡ
ôΪʲôߣȻٿռѺۣѵʧռУĸߣڿ
ԽԽĿռѺۣоѺ籡Ļͷð˿ſź飬вŨŨĲ
Ҫɵ֮ʱȴоǵռѺ۸ˣ·ٸ߷һ㣬ҪǵռѺɣæ
ʱһг˻ںޣڲҶҸ棬Ը룬Լ뵽˾С
ǺѾˣһ㣬ʬħˢˢĽĿͶɫص죬ֶΣԼ߳յء


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ʱҶһؽӡ˲Ľӡߣ⡣
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ڣҶ£߳͸ŹĿռѺۣһɫŵԡ
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죬ħѸȶסƣɱ˹ʹҵĹƴȫɱ
ʱƣսԽԽңеĻ֮ռһƬ
ɱһʱҶҲ̶ͬˣأƸأȫƬȫٵദؿѪģ¶˸׹ǡ
סѾǿ֮ĩˣܿǾܽɱ
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ʱȼսѪҶѸٷ˹ڶӦһժ֮սǬС


597 
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쿴ҶԼԥ֮ʣժ֮ʱ֪Լƭˣɫ࣬βըˣһֻŭʨѪɫ۾ŭɶؿҶ磬
ŭˣħҲˣͷϱһɳŭɢҶ硣
ΪʲôҪ֮㣿Ҷħͷŵŭζ˵ոǲãƾԵѵˡ
Ҷ磬ɵСˣ֮Ӧҵġ
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ұɣôˣҶЦһҾ㺰˭֪ǻᵱ棬ŵòҶ
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Ҷ磬֮࣬Ҫթǣ
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598 һƽ
ڰǿռѺˣǾˣȻָƣ뿪·ɡ
Ҷ£֪ƣнһʱ䣬ٴΰǵյĿռѺۣһ԰ȫɽУϢָ
磬޵㣬Ѫʨɿճ棬Ƿ֮ģ㣬ʮ켶͸㡣
֮ʣҶ罫սǬУթԼʮ켶͸ǡ
ܣںϣ
ţҶֽթĽǧżƷ꾧Ʒ꾧ڽ˽Уʵ벽ս޻ʾ磬Է֡
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ץס޵ʱʱƹ֮ĿռѺٴγˣյĻоѡ
ɶ񣬾Ȼ˦ǿռѺۣ
һƽĿռѺۣ˵ɫ쳣ѿеĲҲԽԽǿҡ
Ҷ磬ǿռѺ۾ԽԽˣǲҪˣϿ뿪ɡһ㽹Ĵߴٵ
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ԼʱҶͻȻ˫˵ңҽӡǰС
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ҶУǿʱգŻĿռѺ۱ƽʮ⣬ռ
ԽԽĿռѺۣɫɷףļ٣Ǻɣһ֮ϵռѺ׷ϣǽռѺͷŵ飬ʬ޴档
һƽ


599 ׼Ѫ
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һĿײϵغҶ壬Ҫ
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κνܷ̫ˣɫ޷𣬵⵽͵ĳ׹ڵȴٵš
ǧżƷ꾧ȼա
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ڽȫ£ɫɫϵϱץסɫ½ĻᣬҶ粻ϧ۵ļȸ뾫Ѫȸ˺ųɫ
ĿǰҶӦÿƵɫ󣬵ȳɫʱһ֣ǿųɫ飬ԨеĻԵȫˡ
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նħУ
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ȸѹ
ڳɫ죬ħǿ֮ʣҶ̤ȸһΡߴɽͣݺݵѹ˳ɫϣֱӽӳѹ˵档
䣡
һ춯صıڳ׿ռ׼ֱӽҳһʮĵؿӣݺύѺۡ
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һʧܣҶƶʮ֮ӿ˳ɫУ˵ڶξѪ
Σں֮Ƶĳɫ飬ûٵֿҶľѪ
ܿ죬ҶľѪɫںһ𣬳ɹųɫ顣
׼飡
һ̣ҶԺг˳ɫϢһŴ˲֪꣬˴֮֮һ׼


600 ·
ģǳɫ龹Ȼֱˣ
׼鱻ҶѪսһĻ͵ʴ׵죬ħ޵ֱֻѪ
û뵽ԼһŬΪҶ˼£˳顣
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ջһԵҶ磬ֺյĿռѺ۾ԼѾܽˣæ˵ҸңǼǰ
˵ţҶ簴ݵ·ߣڵһӡ뿪˲Ѻ۵ɽȾͷٵԶн뷽跨ǵ׷ĿռѺۡ
ţǰʲô
ҶһˣΣԨнһʱۿ°ѲϱƽĿռѺۣͻȻҶ緢֣Լͷŵ걻һƬסˣ޷ȥɫ΢䡣
ѵǰû·ˣ
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⣡
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·˿ԽԽĿռѺۣ¶һ˿֮ɫѯʵ
취
뵽ռѺ۵Ŀ£ҶһʱҲ벻ĺð취
Ҷ磬ôưˣ㲻Ǻ㲻ǿڿ˵һܴ뿪𣿡쿴ųĬҶ磬еŭȫըˣ߳ŭ
죬ŪұǸңҴǡ
У㲻͸Ұһ㣬Ҳµ
ҶĮؿܻ죬ؾ
ģʱ㻹вңҺ㲻ݣ
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ȵ죬侲㣬ȲҪ嶯
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ɥһ̣ҾҶԴ׿׿˵
Ҷ磬Ļа취
ˢˢȻǶʹҶ磬ҶҲΨһľݡ
ûа취Ҷҡҡͷ˵ſҳ취
˵꣬Ҷ粻ˣϥڵϣԵȫȥڽ֮УֶѰİ취


601 ע
ô죬Ǹô죡
ԽԽ·ϾռĿռѺۣɢĻ֮ʯг˾Ϳ־塣
֪Ԩ˵գһٸӣҲð뵽׷ѰԨеϻԵʹ
ǺѾ̫ʱҲᵹֻҶԴ漣ǻ뿪
ʱ䣬һʱ䣬ʱ䡭
˽겻صȴʱ䣬ϾյĿռѺ۳һ֮⣬ѺӿĻϵسռ䣬ǸеϢͿ־塣
ݾ԰ʱһһҶͻȻ۾һ۳ɫĿռѺۡ
һ̣˾ֵĿע£Ҷӿնʮðյķ˻ҵա
ҪʲôѵѹҪɱ
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ԽԽʱǵĿռѺۣҶһ󵨵뷨ԵյĿռѺۡ
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˵꣬Ҷ۾Ե͸ԽԽĿռѺۣѰѵĻᡣ
һǧף˰ףס
ռѺ۳Ҷһ״ҶͻȻ۾һ𹥻
Ҷ˺ԥ׷ʩչǿĵϾҪǵĿռѺۣ˺Ѻ͸Ļ֮
Ҫͣ
һҶ˲ϧļǿ˺ųˮĻһͨռѺ·
˳иŬ£ӿĻ֮Ӳ˺һѺۡ
һ̣Ҷ綯ˣһҵķɼ˶ע˿ռѺۣԼȥһ˿Ŀܡ


602 ǿ
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Ҷ۲ΧĻʱ죬ħ˷ɳ˺ɫѺۣߡ
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ڣѾгŵǻŴ˳ԼжǸҡҶ绺תˣʵ
Ҷ磬ոҲԣҲӦû㣡ȫڼ䣬ǻһжɡ
֪ҶⷬԼһȭͷסе裬ӲͷƤ˵
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ÿµ֮Ȼǿ󡣡
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ôһĹȺһ󲻵ĴԵ
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аԶۣս֮ʣʵͣصġҲֲסֻƿ˷ҧס塣

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604 ħ
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⵽ĥ̹ħеˣһʹħ
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605 ħ
׷ʲô£ĹȺʲôôŪô󶯾
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ħҲͬһʱ֣͵Ĺѹס˵ħĹơ
ħǾȻħѪħǸ
⵽ħԵƥȭͷħе귢˷ŭϧ۵ȼ꣬ȫ
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ħħüͷһƣ뵽еĿܣԽоԨһܡ
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ʱУ˸˼شۣ⵽صĴˣٻĺħҲľеʱɢĿܡ
ħеĸӵأٿز˵ħˡ
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оħٶԽԽħ𿿽ħħһ
䣡
ħըˣͷųĻħը˿ռ䣬ߺ˵ħ

⵽ħԱ巢һħ˲ʵŭջǱħը꣬ʧħС
ˣ˵ħе꣡
оħеȫʧ˳һ׷׽ĿͶ˲ڵϣ̺µħ뽫ΪС


606 ħ
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գħ˳гһħڶ±ħǱĵģɥʧս㱻ɱħ׷塣

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֪Ҷļֵû֣Ҳûб¶ħһʱ䣬뿪˰ĹѨļſռȥ


607 ɫ
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ŷţҶͻȻͣ׵˵ϣԷܡ
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ȫǿᾹʯҸоĻǿᾹʯһռڵ㣬Ӧþ뿪ռ䡣
Ҷָʱ䣬ֵĿռڵ㣬˵
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ۿ׹䵽ˮУһģӰӻƺҹһѽ·صġӰ§˻Уżһҷĺˮص˰ߡ
ʱġӰͷ΢ЩңԸеǣ۵˫壬ֱ˫ȫ¶ҶǰǹҫĵĹâǡ
ҶϾ˵Ļ棬ǸȻѾֳ˺棬Ҷ˷ضɽҡ
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͹Ĺ֮ʣȸͳҶ壬˵عĹꡣ
ȵȸ֮ƻǿ֮ϵĹУѪ˳Ⱦ˺ˮ
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ĹԽսԽ죬ԽսԽǿɵƻҶ綼׽
ڽĹ꼤սȻ׶ΣƷ쾧ʱһƽԶ꣬СˮĵֱӺĹ꣬ķӦһ˿ٻ


618 Ѫϴĺ
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Ĺ귴Ӧֳٻ֮ʣܹȻȼ쾧콣ںһĹؿڡ
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ĹƹǷǰ񲻿ɵĵ콣̽Ĺؿڣش塣
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Ĺ걻һˣҶȸϵر̩ɽѹһѹǿѹĹꡣ
оȸ͸ĻĹϿβƵĹȫ
ĹǿеסȸѹʱҶ緢ɱУ̺޾ĳ˱콣ؿС
һ̣޾֮ڳͷųһֳɫ̫ƻĹ壬
ħѪȼգħ֮
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Ĺƹأ֧Ųסս̬仯ɱʱҶȸϵر󣬺ݺݵѹѹסĹӴ
ĹſѪڣʹʱҶٴ˳飬ĹͣС

ƳɹĹ壬Ҷ˳飬ͷųĹ壬۵ϵطѪ
ȫʢʱĹƾǿʵȫԽбƳڣˣǿ֮ĩ޷Ƴ顣
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ĹʹԽԽ죬ҲԽԽأǿ屻ƻĲӣ֮ԽԽ
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ɱĹ꣬ҶܽĹģԼмֵĶȫߣսǬָС
Ӱ˼޶ҺҪ޷ϵĻԵ͸㣬׼ĺе¾ɾĺеԵȫġ
Ҷ翴·Щң¶˿˿ġӰʮִ󷽵˵
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Ҷ磬ܣӰֱɱĺУɱһֻֻĺޡ
ܿ죬ŭ޺µıըҹѪںӿǲ֪ĺȾˡ
ʱ֣ѪҶ͡ӰѪɫĺĺߡ
һҹɱҶڽܰ£ɱֻ߼ޣʮֻޡ
ӰЩ޵ϳʮ켶ݣĹϳеõһ꿰ȵϲݡ
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õô켶ݣӰҲȲҪһͻƵ벽ս޻ʾ硣
ӰϥڱѪȾĺʱҶԶԶ߿ˣģԼ޾ѪͽǬУûɡ
Լʱ䣬˴ģ޾ѪȺͻ˵ȼ
ޣѪʨﵽ˰˼ޣ˴޾ѪɿճҲɱ䵽߼ޣӵ˸ǿɿ
Ӱϲݵʮ켶ݣʵһﵽ˰벽ս޻ʾ硣
߰ɣǷԾĺѰԨеĻԵ
˵ţҶٻ˽롰ӰԾƮɢŨŨѪζĺѰԨеĴԵ


619 ֮
һƣ
ʮ֮ƳҶ壬㼯һޱȵĹ⽣նһɫǣ׶ߵĹʯ
һ̣УռгĻٵ½ҶǰľҲ˱仯
һΡߴ಻֪ĸɽһľǰ
Ҷ翼ҪҪðս͸ΣգϢɽʱͻȻоµĵ·һɼµԼš
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оеʼ궯ԽԽҶɫ΢䣬
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ҶһŤͷֺ󷽵Ŀռɫһɼֲĺɫ籩񱼵ĺХǵصıӿ
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Ԩ֮ʵ̫Σˡ
֮磬Ǻǹżмص֮硣
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ȥǰɽҵطء
Ҷ統ϣžʧġӰǰɽȥѰűӻ֮ء
Ҷ˷ٶȼ죬֮ٶȸ죬µĺɫ籩һֻХĺľޣһУҶ֮ľ룬Ҫɡ
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ɽɽУҶǿͷųȥɽһεĵط죬롰Ӱ˹ȥ
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ʱҶϾһ֮˵طУǶˡ

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ʱһһֲ֮ϯһʱŽɢȥ
ˣ֮Ӧùȥˣȥɣ
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Ҷɽ֮зһʱȺɽ֮䣬һɫˣɾɽȡ
һϧݣ˴ε鲼ɽȡ
Ҷƻ֮˫УϤɽʱȴɽݻģʵڵģżΣա
ȵȣȲҪȥɽΣգҶ纰סԾԾԵġӰص˵
˵꣬Ҷϥɽ֮⣬ԷɽУٵ
Ҷɽʵʱһƿ˳ɽ⣬һۿϥҶ͡Ӱ
ӰͻƵ벽ս޻ʾˡ
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ҸҶԨеõһЩԵͻ˾硣Ӱ˵ͷָֻı飬һ˿˵
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ӰɽʲôΣ𣿡
ɨһϥԼɿҶ磬ʵ
֪Ҳ֪ɽкաӰҡҡͷ˵
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üͷ΢΢һ壬žɫ续ɽȣԥ
ͻȻ˫Ҷ۾һޱȵ񽣣գһȴĪյɽС


620 ż޺
ߣ
˿ҶͻȻɾɽȣ׷۳׷ɽɽ֮С
ɽɽȣҶ粻ûм٣ӿ˷ٶȣҪٶȴԽγɵɽȡ
ͻȻˡ
ɽе֮γ˴ڿռУռȾڣϯҶˡ
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ΪȸƷףҶƺɫ赣ðշųѹĴ֮
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࣬ɣ
ż޺뷢ֵ콣ҶУԣȶűĺɫ򣬻һɫ⣬׷ɱ
ʱ졢ħ˸ոշ˺ŨŨɽȾͷһۿ˼ܵҶ磬Լȶźɫ򣬼׷ɱĺ롣
ܵɢϢһֱϵĸоû꣬붼û룬Ҷһ㣬ƴɽȥ
ʱǲȥҶɽеĴԵֻ೤ȣӹ׷ɱ
֮ƣ֮ƣƣ
оײеĺԽ׷ԽҶ粻ϵؿ˺ѹӿĺɫٵ
ԼʱҶһ񽣣˺ɽе˳ɽȥ
ţٶȸغû˷ʱɱ羪֮ˣ׷ɱҶ磬Ʊؽӵе콣Ҷɱ
գźԽԽԶ쳤һµ˵ֻĿ겻ǣҶ磬ǾһҲֻɱġ
죬ոֻӦǶ˼ްɡ
±һƽϢһ»ҵģʵ
ҸոûиоĻֻӦһֻżޡҡҡͷ˵
żޣǲ൱ս޻ʸ֡±˵һԾ˵
Ҳ֪Ҷμŭֻ룬Ҷʵ⵽ż׷ɱɡ¶һ˿Цݣֻ˵
߰ɣ˴˾ôǻǸϿ뿪ɡ
˵꣬뿪͸Ź죬Ѱɽȡ


621 
磬еܷлɱǺ롣
ȼսѪٶ۷壬ȴʼհѲ˺׷ɱҶһͷ
ϴȻһֱѹʵǰϾǾżޣƴȫҲĶ֡εش
Ƕ֡ѵҪʩչȼ֮ˮҶüͷ壬ϵؾš
ʵʩչȼյԽԽ࣬Ҷ֮ˮָֻܻǧԪҪ֮ʵһȫµĸ߶ȣǧԪʩչһ
ĵƣҲֶΣ򲻵ѣԸʩչ֮סеĳ嶯ȼսѪٷС
࣬ҪνˣӲġ
ٵ˫ᣬײСѪȵϵظҶ磬֮ľ롣
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䣡
춯صıը޾Уźͬʱӻٶȡ
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Ҷһ׷һӣԽԨŷţҶ緢ǰֳһƬŵʬڣأĿһһ˿ԤС
·ֱֻǰɽ͸ĪΣյʬڣ֮С
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Ҷƿصţ߽ǿѹʱֲħ֮ĳںߣĬĬעɵĵصȴš


622 ıħв
֮ɫйȻһħ󣬶ǿƷ쾧Լ걮ϵǿǳĵ콣񡣡
Ϊ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬Ҷ߽ɫԵУʵ
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623 ܾ
ħ֮壬飡
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ħһϮյĿħκݺݵغ˽ϣǧؾˣС
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⵽ɿֲĻ籩ɫҵҡѺӣ֧顣
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ܿӺĹҶͽѪʨȴӲֻٶȫܡ
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625 ȼ
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䣡
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ħħǱıҶһشڵĵ뵽˵͹ȣѸħںһȫնҶ磬ҪǿбɱһѪ·
飡
ħһ糱Ҷû㣬ɽվԭأ˵֮籡壬ݻ֮
ÿһ֮ƣ˵֮ݻ֮һռ䶼˺ˡ
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627 ħƵĵ
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Ӧ˵أħǱͻȻħʬԣħʩչһֹħħѪҺ
Ϣôħô񡣡
оħǱɢϢҶüͷһƣ¶һ˿֮ɫħǱɢϢȻħһģһ

ħǱħѪ֮ʣҶѸһʮ֮ƻ˾צĻն
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նħǱֳħһնű֮ħݺݵն˾âϣӲҶĹ
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ʱͷų޾֮ף糱ˮһᴩУһٽˡ



628 
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ħҶٿ֮ʣ쵨ˣʧȥıƣĴʮΣգпܱҶɱ
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ħǱΪħ꣬ȫεķԶˣ⵽Ҷ翰ȼƷǧ˫ȭȻֵס
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ģҶʩչĵʲôطΪʲôôãʵȻû˥ļ󡣡
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ҶоԨлдԵټϵ콣ջ󣬳˼֮գѰѹħ­ĵɫԨиĻԵ

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ҶâʱڹﳱеġħͺˣӿնҶ磬¶һ˿Цݡ


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˵ͼǵʥֵʱͼԽǿʥֵĵԽʵԽߡ
ϴҹħʥһдܣȻѹʮ꣬鲻ỹ֮ͼ޵ҶԺ
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ȼյħ­һƱؽһеҶɱˡ



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ҹħʥ뽣һսأȼյĵҲ˹ʹ޷۷ٶȣҶ˾롣
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±ǰĺɫǶҹħʥ˺¶СɫƤԸеǣϸ硣
ǰͦεķͣ˸˵Ĳ⣬òˡ

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644 һ
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ܿԼ˱һȭɣʱ뵽֮УſѪ㡣
䣡һ졣
ݿһȭ˱ܵĹӴϣٴν˳ȥ
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ʶһһμ˵жɽˣӦ½ɡ
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Ƶ໥һۣ˱˴۾еľͲ˼顣

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ϣʲôʱ֣ҶˣպҪɱˣ¼Ҳп⵽ı
³Զû뵽һʱ䣬Ҷʵߵ̶ȣصʵ
Ҷѡڽңһ̣ٵȵȣٳ֣ⱻˡǸʱ괫
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668 ´μ棬ȡ㹷ͷ
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ʱҲ׷׽ٶ۷壬ȫ׷ɱҶ磬ƱؽɱϵĴԵ
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ǲҪţֻ·羰ѡ
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682 
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±Ҷ紩ڵҹգٰܿڣһʱһںϱߣʮŵСԺ⣬˵
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684 
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685 ԰
ү㣬ǸҶˣҪҪ
һɫۣϢ˫΢΢Щףһ԰̺۵վں᷿⣬ѹһߣе
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686 ֮
峿ţ͵ڴأӵƾʷݳǡ
Ϊ뺣׵Ĵϲӣ¼ҸװһԺǽϲס糤ĺ˿񣬸ʮ˸ͮͮĵ
а˸ʽ涷޵ʻӵ¼Ҹ䣬Ʈ¼ҸȻΪ˴˴ζף¼ҷ˲˼
콣
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ȵ
ŸȺ¼Ҹÿǰ֣һɫۣŮȺشæµչÿһλ͡
Я˼ڸֵ
Ϊ׵¼ӭʱڶ½ӵȨĶͼЯӣԼϵ¼Ҹ
ͼ֣ˣʧԶӭ¡
ɫŽ˿߻ƳۣΰͦΣ˫󺣰ĺͼһ¼Ҹֿ첽ӭȥ
֣ԺǾһˣ׵ĻͲ˵ˡ
ͼĴЦһ֣һ
⵱һգ½½һҪϢ󳬼ʥˡ
ŽֵĶˣһȺУòмƵһüͷ
ɽ׸磬ֵܶΪ֮λֵòɿܸʧȥ˼֮λڰһֱѰŴλĻᣬ뺣ͼ⵱һգ֪¼Ҽ֮λעԵˡ
ͼıλãĺԸ񣬼пܽԼ
ͼ֣ӣ룡
˵ţõ·źͼԼȹʳڣӵһͷˮɫӣӣȥ
С㣬ױôү˵ʱൽˣȥ
ڸ룬ʱһɫ޳ȹòڵŮѷ䣬ڴѣ˵
֪ˣңͳȥ
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ĿޱͶȥһĿ˵
ѳţϸûһ仯ֱԼλãȥ
ٶɫ˲ͼ۽ǼҲһ¡
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˼ͼ֣⺢ҳ軵ˣܣ¶Цݵ
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ĸӣĿ͵ؿŵԴԲѣ˵
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ԴˣȻᣬֻˡ
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687 
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ǰԺӵʱѻȸһ˫˫۾ˢˢͶ˵⣬Ҫһӡ
֣Ͱϵ
Ϊ½һͼ½ʮ֪½Ʒ֮һʵֲ
ûУҴδϵҲ֪ǻ
ҡҡͷüͷһ벻ͨΪΰӻʱ
ֻʱ˸Ӧ壬еǣҲһ˿Ҹ;Ȼ
ôǸĻӡ
ģӰʱüͷһƣ¶˲֮ɫû뵽ͻȻõİӻͻȻ¼ʧҶ硣
¶֮ɫɽ콣Ҳ¶˻ģ
ǸھƷĪߵĽɵʵ
ϾƷˣĴ½¶棬Ҿ¶棬ҲӦȺų
ʵʱԻҶݡӣҲ֪νҶݡ
ûдŵҰɡ
ҶлߵУܵ˷Ͷɣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ڰǰĻӣԺͷȻҶݡ
Ҷ˵ͷݵ˵Ǭָóһö̻ͷߵİɫơ
ǰİ
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Ҷһ°սǬָС
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ĴʥӴĲ࣬ټҶյļ죬һʱû˿ɡ
ȻаȻٻݡ˲Цһλ
ͲˣҶ翴ɹסˣ¶Ц˵¼ѵ֪ͻȻù󸮵Ŀ𣿡
Ը꣡˵
ܽӴǳġ
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֪ҶĿģڳȫɵۡ
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Ժͷѡ񶫺ί˵
ϾҶʵݻдڣƱ붫ѡ
¼֪ʲôƸ񡣡ܾҶ粢⣬̬ʵ
һ׼ŵԼƷŭ򡣡˵
Ƹ¼ҲӦҶЦһδ̫һЩ
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ͼ䣬һɿµɱ֮ڽɢһʵޱȵն˹ȥ
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ոսֵܳ˲䣬Ĵʥزٴʵʵ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫҶݡ
ѳαٵ֣ܳȫҶУĿԼݡ
ֻҪ˽ԼݣټϴķƸҶ绹лġ
ӣ¼Ҵϲӣһ棬Ҫٶˡ
û뵽˵־Ͷ֣ʱеЩͷۣѸ뺣ͼһȰ˵
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˼ӣҡ
ļαһƷһżƷ
˵껰ҶӼۣ˵񾪴ڳˡ
һʱ䣬ӵĴٴΰһ˫˫͵ĿˢˢͶҶ磬ȫĴֱʾˡ


688 һ
Ʒ찡ûɣȻмƷƸ񡣡
Ʒĵô𣿼ƷǿǶ½ѧˣûС
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óƸν󣬵ҶóƸȣȷʵЩᣬѹҶոպļ
ԸüƷƸ񣿡Щʵ
Ʒջ̫ܵõʵᷢ췭ظı仯ʱýκεƾʵƿһС
ƸеƷƷνΪ¼ģΪħħ֮°빦Ҷ˵ͷջ
ģ֪ɷȿǼƷħ
Ȼͼ˵ɫޱȣȴֵסħջ¾ʵ
ȻԣҶ罫׼õ˳м¼׼Ʒħʮ֮һھ¼˾֪ļֵ
⡭һ׼Ʒħ
ͷŻһ򣬱ħ˷µھ԰Ρ
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ҪǣҶǰӣϹϵõĺôԶԶ
ѾӦ˶һɻö޴棬ʱ¼ҽڶȫѣԸġ
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ͼֶˣҼȻѾӦѼ޸ȻᷴڡѸٵľ֮ѡ˶
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һѼܣŭҶ磬ˮһա
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һս޷ֹΪܵӰ죬Ӱ쵽֮ġ
İɸףսұʤ
˵ţ˳һȡصˮǹ

ҶͺĶԾ̾ϢһҲûй棬Ͼֻ鷢չ
Ҷ㣬һΪԼĿ۵ġ޵ؿҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
һöˮɫķӡƯ壬ͷųǿѹͷ
ӡǶ׼ĸ˫ӡеĺӡһ壬޴󡣡źٻˮɫӡϳöӡʵ
Ƕ̹Ȼһ㣬ȣ̫ԶˡҶ¶һ˿мЦݣһٱƽ˺˹
ƺӡȫʱȸͻȻҶ壬Ŵ̶һŹ̵Ļǣصײ˺ӡϡ
䣡
ײһıǿ˲ڴУôƾҲ
һȸͰѺӡײ˳ȥĺ˺

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ʱҶһ˺ܵĿռ䣬壬ݻ˿֮صغ壬Իꡣ
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޿ɱܣǿŻ֮ţѸֳˮǹʩչ˶һѧ۳һֵֻ㣬ǿеֵȸ֮
þ߽þ
ԹΪأȫʱҶ۳ߵɱ¾Ȧٻ˵콣
һ⣬ǧµɱ¾֮һ˺˿ռ䣬Ųþµ־ɫޱ䣬ᵽϢĺ
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ۿµĲþ֮룬ͼһǰٻһֳˮĺ񣬵ֵס˲þ߽˺


689 ع
Һͺ֮ľֽʲô˼Ҷ翴ֳֵɫĺͼ˵
ԣȻ֣ҪɱҶȴӲܡͼĿؿҶ磬ɢľϢҶһϢĸо
һǿʶƤǼʶˡ
ͼͷǿѹҶ֮ʣųصĲ˹ҶǰĮ˵
ҪΪˣͿԲҶ½ŭң뿪ͼ¶֮ɫ
ôĿܴЦһͼȻֹС֮ĶԾǾһʤ˭˭߰ɡܴҶнӹ˵콣ָźͼԵƥ˵
Ʒ
о콣͸Ϣͼɫ΢䣬Ȼֳֶ֮֮һĺȴûʮİջܽܡ
һҲˣ齫޻ء
Ϊ½Ȩˣܹ裬ǿ̬ӦΪ½Ц޴档
λ˵һ䡣
ԣѪս˼Ķˣеһ˿ѸٳǶм䣬ЦȰ
λӦңǻҵɡ
ڴսһѹֵ˴ʱһֱĬͻȻվ˵
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Сģ
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أ
һƵ𣬵콣âɢŵĺϣ޾һڿռš
ҪһĴ𸴣ҶӴ˺¼ҾͼҲˣ߳ŭ
ѣܸң⵽ôһ¡
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ѵѡǴֵ֧ģһõҶƸ񣬲ð꣬¼ҾܳԽΪ½һԼлΪ½һˡ
ף˵ˣả޸Ҷϲˣҽ׵ӸĸԸԹ޻ڡһ޵÷źն˵
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ĺŮҶûꡣ
ӣӿѪɫޱȣŭѣ
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⻹ʲô˵ģõڣȢǸ֪ܵŮ𣿡۽Ǽɫĺͼ
ͼ֣ȷʵòԣҪʲô⳥ҶӦ㣬㲻Ҫͺһʶ
Ϊ˻붫֮Ĺϵֻܽһơ
⳥ͼЦһҶ¼⳥𣿡
ѣ̫ˣ뿪˵
ȫѵҶô˻ὫѴߣ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ھȫʱһҶ벻˳ˣס˴ڡ
Ҷ磬Ҫȥﰡ
ɫۣĿħ¶һ˿ЦݣŽŪڹ֮еҶ磬˵
Ҷ硭
ħ䣬ҵĴ˲䰲һ˫˫ĿˢˢͶҶ硣
ѵҲʱҲû뵽ۿƻɹȴȱʡ
ôǰ㻹𣿡ɫٴеҶ磬ħ¶˲̵Цݣ˵Ҷ磬ڽӡ


690 
Ҷ硭
ħƣ˵Ҷ磬ӡɴ˫ۣŵʵ
ǰ֮ҶðģԼˮһգʲôҲòƱػΪ½Ц
¼ҿ԰ٷ֮ȷҶɣֻðһݶѡħӹɵ˵
ʲôˣҶ˭
ݵĻ֮Ҷؿħʵ
Ҷ磬ʱ㻹αװ𣿡ħ¶һ˿Ц˵ҿкܶ취ԳԭΣŲš
Сӣ㵽˭
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¼֪ŰĹ
˵ţҶֽ˳߸ߵľٹͷ
磬ƻб䣬㲻Ҫң취뿪
ҶְֳʱͻȻҶ紫
ҪһߣҾܽһ¡ҶػӦ
磬ǵҸ˵ĻΣ㶼ҪȥҵİΣ뵣ģܵͽ䣬ᶪ
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ðɣѣһҪչ˺Լ꣬һ¼Ȣ㡣ҶһʵĴ֤ʵҲԽӵĿ
Ҷ磬ҷܹŪ飬һٵİƭңõʱ򣬻Ĺ𣿡
ҶѴʱħЦһ
ٵġ
ɫԽԽҶ΢΢üͷһָоԼˣˣͷβˣˡ
˵ҵİǼٵģǺãҾҰĸֹǸ㣬ǲǼٵġ
ҶЦһӻóһŴѶ飬ģĴ
ѣأ
ҶŴѶ֣˲֮ʣÿһѣͻȻ뽣ӿնҵķɼ⡣
ģˣҡ
ҶһӣȫţҶӵǼðˣ߳ŭһ¼Ҹȫɱ
ͼӣӵҲͬһʱ׷ɱҶ硣
һСˣתúͼһץĳ嶯ˣԼҲһΪ½Ц
οҶϻΪ֮ۺıҶˡ
ȸ·
Ҷ粻ϧ۵ȸھѪȸ֮꣬ȫײ˵ڵڵħơ
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ħ֪ɱҶõʱѸټħںħĵʵͬʱʩչĿǰյǿһУҶеܿռ䡣
ħѪȼգħ֮
Σʱ̣Ҷ粻ٲ׾˲仯ͭһħ֮бݻ
飡
˵֮Ʒ壬ݻ˿µݺݵغһħӰϣµƻӲѡ
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ħֳħʱֳֵ콣֯ʮĽâȫ֣Ӳˡ
ȻԽܵʵȫԻɱħƣ¼ҵĸ̫࣬Ҷ粻սѸ뽣¼Ҹȥ
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λ峤ˣҶķֻҪɱҶ磬Ϊ塣
ħ֪ܵʵԾĺͼ˴

Ҷ絽׵õʲôУȻӵȿµķͼ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ˽ܾΪеͷ
ýܵٶȼҶɵ¼ҸԵ
ȸײ¼ҸƣҪǿͻΧȥʱһ־Ϣˡ
һɫȹͷ̴ĳУͷǿϢ
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ӦǲȻı䲻ʲô
¶һ˿аЦݣһҶϢϵͷų
弶ս޻ʣ
о˲䱬Ҷɫ䡣
¼Ϲֱ֣뵽֮С


691 ȼ
ĸףˡ
֣дϲĳֽȫƿؾ棬ҶͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
̣˳磬ֻҪ˳磬ʲôҶӦ㡣ʱ׷˳Ҷ˻ȥʱĵ뵽˵͹ȣĴ󺰵
ѣ㵽ôִԲ򡣡ɸֵؿѣܼңȥ¼ҽأʲôʱˣһֱִԲ򣬾ڽؿɡ
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ϹܼҹĴѸͷǿĻסѣӲ˻󺰵Ѵˡ
ǰ¼ҽҶתǲӦøһͼ֣ɫ쳣ѿʵ
Ȼʵǿƿź񣬵ǰȴֲκεıˣ˵ĳ֣Ҷرͷ
֪ҪʲôɱԻƽı˻ɤӵ
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ϣܲܰﳿ磡
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Ǹѵĵδ̫ˣȻ¼ˣתûܾˣҪֻԼ
ĪץŽĸ첲̾ϢһҪģǺúûȥӵ㹻ʵΪ𡣡
û𣿡
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Ҷ磬û뵽㵨ô󣬲ǹƥ¼ҸϷˣǣ㳢ʹ࣬µ
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һ뵽ԼľӪļƻ֮һֽҶǧУʬε뷨
ɱңƾǿ»վҶȴ侲
Ȼվ濴ʮΪѣһҲҪȥ
Ҷ磬治֪ɵǼɵʵܴ𣿡ЦһɭȻ˵
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һҶľʹ弶ս޻ʾ磬ɽ緢ֲڳˡ
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˵Ҷʩչǵ֪Ǵĵ׸е˲
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ȸײͷʱ޾Ļ⣬ճ˵Ѻۡ
飡
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698 Ҷŵ
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ҪôΪҲû취ȷʵħ˷ʲôҶ¶Цݣʯ쾪


709 ħ
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ҶһڵԼݣŮ۾͸֮ɫ˲ʧȡ֮ɭȻ
ʲô˲ҪҪû뵽ɵ󣬾Ȼħ塣
ҹħʥ꣬Ҷĵ飬ʹҶħ˺УڿŮӵһʱͲصħ
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710 ĵ
Ƭһ׼Ʒ쾧ô꾧ҹջܲ
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712 Ů
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ˮŵҶ棬޳˫ȲһΪҶ絹һ˵
֪ٶʮƷ꾧ԶһƷ쾧Ҷ翴ˮ̾ףʵ
Ʒ쾧ϡ٣½ҲټԶһ۸񼫸ߣٶʮƷ꾧ֻܶһ˿Ʒ쾧ˮ̳˼һ˵
жƷ쾧붼һ
֪ˮƷ쾧Ҷ۾һʵ
Ҫ쾧
Ҷ۾صһ˿ڴˮָһȦǰĳЦݶ˵ʵ
ô˵Ҷ̹ϵص˵ͷ˵
ҿݣҲһ˾Ͷһˡ
ˮ΢ǰ㣬ǶΪֱ֮ѹϣӾ˵
ˣ˿žͰ˿Űɡ
ҶЩ͸ˮ̵ĵϸ¶ݣίľܾ
ôң
ˮ΢΢ս֣ϸüëµ¶ǳǳľѣ̬޵ʵ
ʵôǿȻﺦ¡
ߵؿˮ̵Ҷ緢ȷʵرͿر޵Ůӣӭ񣬻˵
ΪʲôҾ첻µزµأˮͻȻų˵Цݣ欵̬ҶҲɵñ
ֻ˵߹ˣҶһסе˵ȷʵûй˵ǰ㵨󡣡
𣿡ˮһ˵Ļ˵ͻȻıˣ㲻ҿݣһƷ쾧Ҳһ㡣

ðɣȻִҪҵӣǾͿɣֻǲҪŵźá
쾧Ҷ˵̫Ҫֻл㹻쾧ܵʵս޻ʾ磬ʱɱİӡ
֮£Ҷɢ˻֮⣬ָݡ
ӹȻһᣬһΡ
ҶףˮϵЦݸŨˣһ˫ˮгĵķ顣
ڹɷƷ쾧׸ˣ
Ҷ翴ˮǵĽݣ䲻ȵʵ
ģȻӦ㣬Ȼʳԣˮ̻˻ȥ΢΢ſЦݣһ裬Ǭָȡ˰˿Ʒ쾧׸Ҷ硣
һһЩƷ쾧֪𣿡оˮϻƷ쾧Ҷʵ
㽫ˮһʽھңƷ쾧ˮ΢΢̣ѭѭյ˵
˼ˮֻǰʽһ͸ҶǸ˵
ģ
ˮ̲ҶĻ
ﲻţҲû취
ˣʱˣŹˣˣڣ
Ӽ򵥵Ľ̸УҶԽоˮ̲򵥣̫Ҷ綼ЩǷǣ֮£˼׵ͷҪ뿪
˾ͶſڣȥѵǱ𣿡͸ջˮ̫ʦϣ˵ϱǺʩ׷ӡǣ仯ʲôӣסʶҿ԰㡣
һֵùģǣ
Ҷûһ˿ţˮת뿪ˡ
˼ļһ
ĿҶȥıӰˮƯ۾г˵ħ⣬ǿԺͷų֪ҶѶֵĽɱ
š׷ӡʧˣ磬Ȼս޻ʾĺµ׷ӡǣƻˡ
оҶϵ׷ӡͻȻʧˮ¶һ˿֮ɫصʵҶȤŨˣͷǿ׷
֮⣬û
˳һ·Ҷ˽Ӳӣ̻ĴŴ΢΢һһ˺ϱܱĹľ棬ƻ֮ûò
һֱͷҶˮ̣Ҷ仯òʱɫͨ죬ðɡ
Ҳû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬾Ȼ޼ɵԼĵ׵̣ûģ
ѵҵ׷٣
ˮͻȻ֣ҶԼڵķ΢΢һЦԺгһ˼ͷ
ҶķԼ׷٣ζҶ곬Լе˲˼顣
оҶԶԼǿʱҶһٶֱˡ
Ҷ΢΢̣źܶ˵棬Լ̵ͦƨɣŤŤ᳡ȥ
ɶ񣬿ɶļһĲ㣡
ˮ̶ʱоƨЩѪ죬ŭǻȼգζ챻ըˡ
ϷĵϷ
Ϊ֮Ůһ򽾰ܹܴ裬ʱҶѾݵ뿪᳡ƭĶ֣ﳤȥˡ


719 ·ɱ
˻ӣʱˣ߰ɣ
ɫۣƷ꣬˫ǵİ׷߿İӣ˵
𻤷ʵܽˮ̸׽𣿡
뵽ˮĹ˵ףȶ˵ģӾһȣʵ
˻ӣɵܲ򵥣ɵ弶ս޻ʣˮ̸ɲ⣬ʵȴûסİաҡҡͷ˵
ˮô
ȻЩŻߵĻ
Ͼ弶ս޻ս޻֮ʵ༫ʮ弶ս޻ʶѵֵסս޻ʸֵĹơ
˻ӣǧҪ͹ɵһһ½Ʒ˵
ʲôⲻܰɡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬¶˲˼֮ɫɵ
ɵ򵥣ܿ½ĳһö壬ǱҪϻһϢʱ£ǰһ˵
ǴĿĺأôĻԵӲĵʵ
ֲ̫ҵʵҲѵõıǻصȡر취ᱦ
ðɣǾͻȥɡ
ŻصףҲе̬ԣסеĳ嶯ԹԸŻߵ˵˺֣һҺпٵʻɵۿڡ
һ˸ո뿪ɵƻ֮Ʋϱ仯òҶ˸ۿϣԶԶһʻԶĺ֣ٻա
ѪɫĻļֵӦñǽļֵҪ󡣡֮ԺطҲǷѪɫļֵ
ͷŻ͸ѪɫУҪ鿴ʵʱһɿֲɱ֮ͻȻ֣籼ӿĳˮ֣ðȻһ
һ̣ϥڼװ壬غֵĻ˻ǵ˫˲ں޵ע⣬иֿ
֣ѵɵˡЩŭ˵뿪˴ա
Իս޻ʾʵӦκ鷳Ϯɱ֮˻Եѡ
ӸոװϣһɿֲĽϯƺ˺ѣȥնͻȻֵһâ˺ѣѿһ޴Ѻۡ
µİ˫һһֱϵĸоͷ˲䲼亹
Сģ
ݺصľһɫ΢䣬һ·׹ģƷȼĹȳϣȫӭһ
䣡
ǿĹײһڰķˣεɫĴ󺣲ӿһʮ׸ߵľˡ
ս޻ʣоոһ֮ؼװĻɫ΢䣬űâ˺ѵƺʲôˣΪʲô͵Ϯǡ
˾֪ҵˡ
ںʮƷ쾧һżƷ꾧ʱӵս޻ʾʵĽܴӺƺ˳ĿؿŻߵˣԵƥ˵
ôĿЦһػӦϷݺᶷ½ǧ꣬δ˸ô˵
ֻ˵һֻ֮ܣ
ܱ˫̤նУ·ÿ̤һܿԽǧףظ漱ٺеĺ֡

бŨŨɱ⣬пգһĿĵĽۣն˺ˡ
ųǧףŻ֮Ľâɫ䣬˲ȼѪֳֵӭȥ
䣡
߱ڽУһȺ˾âϣֵס˽նĽâ
Ǳð˻ӼߣԸˡ
סܵĹĶһֳƷӭȥ뽣ڰмһ
ģɵôĵӣȻҽɱǣǾ͵ɡ
ŹµĽܣɫޱȣҧгݵ˵ΪΪɵɱǵĸ֡
źּʻˣû׷ϣȫߣҵĶԹ
ţʲô塣
ʹʩչεȵ޷˽ֺܷѹ˹ƣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
Ծ֮ʣͻȻٶ۷壬쵽趯˫۷·ʧˣֻܿٶȼ۵İӰȫˡ
ȣƣ
ܼİɫӰ֣ԴԴע͵⣬춯أ˺ܼµĽâȫ
׷Ƹ£
޷شܣɫĻʩչ˴ɱУͬʱ۳һʵЯŻƺϯգ˽ܡ
׷Ƹ˴󴫳֮һʵȼƷԸϺնɽ
ԻʩչĴɱУûܣֱӳ˽ȥԼ᲻ɴݵ壬ֱײصĵϡ
䡭
һܼıڻ߾ֵĿע£˺ͻȻĻԼٶ˳ȥ
ڽȫѹƻߣսĻڵʱĺѾʻԶˡ
ڰɫűɵļƻʱһ̶ƿ
ҶýܾסߵĻᣬͻƵ벽ʾںּװϡ


720 ս
˭
űòҶĽСˣͷ쳣ɰͻȻڴͷװ壬ӲδϳҶ磬ɫʵ
ɱǵˡ
ҶĮؿŰӣɱȻ˵
ƾ㡭
оҶʵ¶һ˿мʵвԼ
ȥҴȣ֪ǵ
һĿ࣬һ룬ںڳɢ˫磬һս޻ʾӵ
ǣ˻ӣ
ӵ˵ͷ̤ųصĲŨŨɱһҶ硣
Сӣëû룬ѧ˰·٣ϣ±ܲ۾ˣЩǲ𡣡
һֻɫͻأµĻϢ
ߣ˭һ
ο˵һһҶǰʾ˵µѪ֮ȼ
ţ
оԽԽǿϢɫ΢΢һ䣬СиоΣյϢ

ӱһ˲ɫͻںһ𣬱˵㡣
ӳױѹȸеȭͷûܣǻӶԼСȭͷӭȥ
أ
Ƕȭͷײһ𣬶ʱ˵ҵĶԳ⡣
ŵţ
Ӳ˲䱬һֱɽײϵĸоһܿƵˡ
ԳӰ
һȭ˿ӣһ˲ûӰʧصĿ󣬳ļһȭ
ã
û뵽ʵ˾ˣһʱ·磬æƵͻע뵽Ʒսȫ
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㽿СȭͷǹڣһֻǳȭͷݺݵغڿӺϡ
꣡
һĹͷ
Ʒս±ʩչժȭƣǿᴩУļ׵ǣѪܿ
ʲô
ſӱشһĻϵЦˣӶɳˡ
ƣ
һǿаסˣйǧϮĳӣٴν㡣
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Ϯ㽿СиֳһֻԳӰ˱ɽһȭ
䣡
׳ӱɽ֮ȭ飬µɽ֮ݺݵغڿϣսȫ飬ɳԶײΧֱˤ˲ӿĴ󺣣
Ÿʲôһ֣סҪǵ۽ǼɫޱȵİӴ
㣬Сĵ㣡
Ҷ罫ľӮα͸㣬һƷ콣ӭ֡

ֳ״ΧҶʱһ߰Ҷͷų
µ˫ͷѪɳҶ壬ͷų޾ֱӽһײ˳ȥ
˫ͷѪ
Ҷޣ¶֮ɫţŨŨս⡣
ħ
ĺɫƳҶ壬趯ĺߣס֣ˡ
ţҶٴ̶콣񲻿ɵĽâֱӶһս޻ʸֵԴɱ
ħǰˣ
Ҷ۵ħϢԽԽǿİɭɭ˵

ҶһͨӵĻ֪һҪϢҲ֤ʵԼǰһЩ²⡣
ʱĸּսһһµĵ籼ӿĳˮ˲佫ûˡ
Գ֮
һʯĺΣʱ̣ȼѪ֮仯˽ͫԳ֮Сϵرһɹɿ֮б
գ֮䣬仯׶ߣͭ˸Žâȫźëǿ׳ɽһĽͫԳ˺ַĵ
ʲô֮塣
Ϊ˻ӣӼʶ˲仯ò¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
˫ͷѪڡ
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˫ͷѪںһʱʵڽ˲Խޣﵽ˿ȶս޻ʵĳ̶ȣֳֵ콣˰ӡ
ҶһӦһƣشµؽУһӭҶ硣
ؽ콣һʱͬʱǿҵĶԳ⣬һɹǿΡ
Ʒ
о콣͸ɱ֮¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ΪΪ˻ӣûƷ²Ҷݺܲ򵥡
ΪҶӵе콣ԾҶҲΪǿ¶һ˿ȡ
ıƴ壬ҶоӵԼ
ӹȻ
ҶоӱԼѶԸϵȼ֮Ѫȼգ仯޻̬
û뵽ֶλ٣ֶͨΣҲı䲻˱ɱˣԹɡ
ӿҶ仯޻̬ҲȼѪ֮仯޻ֳֻ̬ؽҶڼٺеĺϼսһ


721 ֮ͷ
Ҷâ㼤ɱ˰ʱ䣬µĵ𶯲񷡣
ٳ޷ѹưӣҶһȸٻ˳
ȸ֮꣬ѹ
ҶѸѪڽȸУȸ̶֮꣬ȸѹ˰ӡ
ţӵĵ
ȸԼֵȸ֮꣬һ¶˾֮ɫ
ΪӣʮӵĵǺεȵϡٺ󣬾Ϊ˻ӣûȱ
ڰĵλͣãɱ㣬ϵı֪Ӧûɡ
¶һ˿̵ЦݣһһöΣһֻţǿ⣬ʵĵӡֳ壬ײȸ
䣡
ײһǰĶײ˻صµУռ˵Ѻۡ
ٺеĺ֣Ҳײ£ҵĲѺ۲ļװ壬⵽ش
Ҳ뷨Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݵҾãһ㡣

ӱһһţӡһ߿ʮ֮籡壬γޱߵĻˣſ졣
ǲǿϾ֪ˣ
ҶЦһߵɱ¾Ȧйɱ¾֮ľ
֣
ʮ֮˲ۣγһֻյĻ֣һУ̩ɽѹһӡҶ硣
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Ҷͫ˲Σյ״ʮ֮籡壬۳һ֮նƲ񷣬һ˺˻֡
ಣ
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콣콣
ӽҶӦ⣬ɱ¾֮Լ콣Уŵ֮Ľ˺ŻˣӼսһ
Ƕ£ҲмҵĶײòѺۡ
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⵽콣ӵɴ˫ۣϳе¶һģ
飬Ǿˣ
ӾҶһæѯʵ顣
ţǾʡʵĻش
㵽ʲôˣ
ҶݣԽӵĻʵ
һ֮ˣ֪˭ˡ
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˵ţҶն˱콣âЯƻһ˺ѿռĺɫѺۣն˰ӵ塣
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ݺصĽâӲˣȫѪҵط
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֮⣡
Ҷ̹֮Ŀ£ӶԵ֮򣬸ԶԶ졣
ãã֮ϣ֮޷ԴԴȡ֮Ӱ˵֮Ĺ
飡
֮Ҷߵ֮ƣ˿µȥ˴֮
ԼȼƷŻ֮Ҷһٱƽ죬
ħ
Ƕ籩֮УɱʱɫƳҶ壬ɫ˰ӵ塣
⧲£ӱħס壬жܵ˼Ӱ졣
飬
Ҷһ壬˰ӣ֮ڳйһɴڣˣƻ塣

⵽֮׹İӱһбӲ˺ħֳֻؽ˳顣
飡
ڤ
鱻ŭİһնʱҶִ飬ֺڤϣֱӽ˳ȥ
µϵļƷս±ΣѪ
˻ӣ
ˣսһҪľԮ
һӷ⣬ǽѴ̣ص⵽ĳͷ
ɽ
ַ֮ʣԳ̬㷢˱ɽ֮ˣǾԮĻᡣ
Сӣ㵨ңˡ
ѸٲøɾѪʩչһѧҲյĵơ
֮ͷۣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ʵѪȫȼˣ޻̬ٴαͦεҲǿ׳ޱȣȫźƬ
ͷ­ĸ֮֮Ƴ塣
ʵﵽļս޻ʼʱ仯˼Ϊµͷ̬˲䱩ǵʵҶ˼в


722 ľ֮
ͷۣƷĵ̹Ȼ󡣡
Űӱ仯ͷ۵֮Ҷɴ˫ۣ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
Сӣȥɣ
׷Ƹ£
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ǰնһѣҶȼ˵飬̶콣ĹһӵҰ㣬Ųþ־һն׷Ƹϡ
꣡
һҶǰĿռ˱ѣǿĵ֮ôƬĿռգ֧顣
ӡ
Ҷ콣ӲӲֵס׷ƸǿĹʱֱͬʱӡ۳һöѪɫ̺µĴӡһֵֻĻ룬Ҷ硣
Ҷ˫ֽյ콣ȫնӡʱֲĻӡбߺҶϣֱӽ˳ȥ
ƬƬѪ۷飬ӿѪȾ졣
Сӣˣס㣬һһַң㵽
˵صҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫһشҶ磬ϵܡ
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ҶһѸڵȼħѪ岻ϵͣ仯ǿħ֮һΪ֮й
ţα㾹ȻҲӵжα
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ӱһֻϳֵǵαټϻؽܼ֯Ľ磬Ҷ缤ҶԹ
գ֮䣬Ƕ˾ͽУµĹϵشݻٺ֣ſռ䡣
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Գֱ仯ͷ̬ĹԿԹھļս޻ʣҶ罻֣ȴʼ޷ش
Ҷǧ͹ɱ¾֮ȴϼƣĹƣ޷ʵ
ڰԽԽ֮ʣҶһãԼɱŮӵõ׼ħƳ壬һһҹ˰ӡ
⧲£ӱ׼壬Ʒսȫ𣬴ѪܿƵʳ
ɶһֻ磬Ϊǿ󣡡
޷ţȼɱУҶ羹Ȼһͬţӡȸĸѹˡ
֮ŭ
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䣡
֮ŭаʱըˣµıֱû۵ļƷսºˡ
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þ߽
콣
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˺۵ֿش׷׷ΧѪƲ㣬ȫҶ硣
飬
˽ҶϿƳͷųǿ֮ףγһž޴׹סǡ
˺˺ʱ˫Ѫ죬ȫɢű֮ǹǧһȭݺݵغһս޻ϡ
µֱӽ嶴࣬ɱ
ڳ»ɱһˣѹʩչйѹ֣ǹҶĻᡣ
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ˣأ⣬һݻҪͻΧ뿪
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ҶһѪȼգ˲䱬˵ٶȣס˰ӡ
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ľֵ˲䣬ᵽŨŨвԥһöƴС֬һ壬ǰ
öĻΣ
䣡
Ҷ缸֮ںĻľϡ
Եֵս޻ʸһ⵽ľ˲˴ѺۣµĻ͸Ѻۣ壬嶴Ѫģ
Сӣݵ˺˻ӣ
ӵıƱľѵ˲䣬ȫѹƵĻӦˣˣԥʩչѪݣ˽ܵĹȫҶ硣
ħ
ڻ߾ԮǰҶ۳ס˰֮
һ̣Ҷ콣ںһȼ˵콣飬þ֮һ˰ӴǬָұۡ
ͣ
˵İӱâݺƥصĲþ֮УѪұ۱Ӳն۵ʹధ
Ҷ罫ұһöɫǬָսǬʱŭĻ߷˹Ҷն˾Ϊ˵İɫӰһȽ㲻ƻľȫҶεɫĴС
ߣ
Ž׷ĽܣϾ鿴Ҷʧȥұ۵İӣţӡԼ˺۵־һѪУٷˡ


723 ħ֮Ѫ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãѪȫͷأľһҶ縡ֳ˱̲ĺƽ棬ڴŴ
һۣҶ缸ȫĵƣն˰ӵұۣõװöɫǬָ
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ϣ˵Сӻ᲻ˮ̰뿪ˡȲҶ磬׵Ķֻɵ
ģӦǸѾͷù
뵽ˮ̣Ͼͺ޵ֱˮ̵ʵ̫ǿɵʵɲ⣬ʹúϲҵ
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⵽ʥ֮鹥ܼ᲻ɴݵȻӰ죬ڵȴš
һ˽ܽʮ֮һ
ʥ֮鹥ֳֵ콣֯һ콣âص͵նʥ֮飬ҪץסĻᣬش
飡
⵽ܣľʥ֮뵽ŭУһΪ֮ͷų籬Ļɽ˽ܺͻľ
ԶҶˮ̶ܵӰ죬ȫѪҵطһѪ
ǿ̫ǿˣ⵽ش⵽ұȻǣ𣬾ˮթƶȲҡ
ҶһסӿѪµĬš
ಣ
ʮʥ֮ȫһ飬ҵֳʮϮʥ֮飬Ļᡣ
֮һĽܣԼԴԴںϻ֮Ļľٴαƽǿ
ûסң𡣡
ŭ֮£ʥ֮ͷŻصܺͻľµռ˺ѳѺۣ·ռҪˡ
ɽϮĻ籩Ҷˮһӿ󺣵ĸоСͷ·ʱᱻ˺ѣƴ󳷡
Ҷˮ˵սƱԵһӲĹʯʱʥ֮鱬λ˲ľ˽ڵľɣʮ


734 
ˣסѵҵĹأҪļһһ𡣡
ˮ̴δ˾Ϳ־壬ʥ̫֮£УЩԼ³ç
Ҷ࣬ԲƥеĶ֣벻ĺð취
ڱŭʥ֮Ҷˮ̷Ҫɱǣ뿪ʱҵֳʮ㹥ٴν˰С
ɶҺԩ޳Ϊʲôִң˵ʲôô
ٴαʥ֮뵽ŭУŻҵգ
µҰҶˮʹ಻ѡ
ߣȥǱ߶أ
ʥ̫֮£Ҷҿ̫æˮշ𣬾ԶⱻĻӲ
Ҷˮ̶֮ʣŭʥ֮ٴйµŭõضɽҡµɽ۴ƬƬΪƽء
ʥ֮ν캧أһУе·֮ߣÿÿ飬µʥ֮飬Ļᡣ
ټϿжƵѹأʥ֮ķԽԽһµ֮ؽ˰С
ûᣡ
ʥ֮鱻Ҷ罫ʣ޼֮ˮȫȵ˶УָĵĻŤͷˮ˵ˮ̣شʥ֮õĻᣬҲǻΨһĻᣬǿڽľУȫһ
֪ô
ˮ̽ҧһ촽˵ͷȼԪǿпס֮ͻעľС
ҶҲʱľھѪŻľȻͬʱȼħѪ֮Ѫӿ˻ľС
ںҶˮ̲ϧע뵽ľٴӳɫ⣬Ҷ£νڰеʥ֮Ͽա
һ̣ɫ㹥ʥ֮飬ǿд֮̽Уڵ
΢࣬ǡ
⵽ľɣʥ֮鱩ˣǿ˺ɫ룬һɫ磬ԶҶˮ̡

ɫϮҶˮ̺ԥܣұɫ塣
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Ҷ֮ʣʥ֮鲻һɫ磬ҶˣƱؽǶ˺ɱ취
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΢࣬һҪ㡣
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κȫٶȸܲ
ۿʧɫˮ̱лɢͻȻҶߣײ塣
أ
Ҷײˮ̵˲䣬ҶԴĻ꺣֮УʱѪҶ߿ʳصص˵ϣ֪
ң
ٺˮ̵ɴ˫ۣ߿ѪڵϣԵҶ磬ʱ̣Ҷ粻ΣľԼ
糾㣬ѣ
Ҷ߿ѪԽԽ࣬ϢԽԽ΢ˮҶߣ뾡һа취ѡ
ʱҶ磬Ҳˮǰ㣬顣
µ֮ƽҶ꺣ƻʱԳˣͷǿγУ֮ꡣ
ͻԹǿޱȵ֮µĹϵ˺УҶ꣬۵ȥ
Ҷǿޱȣŷ˵ʹϵؼӴס˱֮ꡣ
⣬⵽ʲô
Կƣ֮һɣͽʧȥʶʧȥʱؼյһ졣
СӣֹͣɣԱ꣬ͬھֵסɣ֮вҶ硣
֮вҶţмɣ֮ꡣ
ҵġ
ۿ֮걻µ˺ѽ飬֮ȼ꣬ҪСԱҶ緢һ
أ
֮СԱµԱ˲Ҷ꺣бҶ˺ѵǧٿף۵Ҷȥ
ҶĻ꺣أ֮СԱδݻꡣ
ץס֮СԱĻᣬһ֮꣬ȫˡ
֮꣬Կٵ䶯γǧƵϸ˳ɻҶԣǿͷɹѳһԡ


735 Ե
ԣԾȻϡ
˳ɱ䣬ҶʱһϡͻȻҶ꺣
˭˭
һڵԵ֣Ҷˣʵ
ǲǺ֣ΪʲôʶԡϵҶ꺣ʯ쾪˵֮ʶΪԾڶ½Ĵ֮
ʲô
ҶһЩһĻ뵽֮С
֪϶ܳԾҲܻɣȷʵҺķ´ġ
ǰ㵽ʲôˣΪνرڶ½
Ҷƽ²꣬ʵȻЩ޷ŲĻ
ҽ̫һһ̫࣬С֪̫ණ㹻ǿ󣬿ԳһƬʱȻ֪ҵݡҽڶ½ԭҲ޷㡣
ˣȻԵ֮ҾôĻԵʥ֮͸ɡ
ϣδ֮ǰܳɳҲ԰ﵽҡ
˵꣬ϵʧˣҶҲڻ
㣬û
ҶͻȻ۾ۿ죬ĸӵˮסˣЩ˵
ôûʧҶ翴ŵɴ˫ۣĿɿڴˮ̣˵
˵˲ǧ꣬仰һҲû
ˮһɢеļָ˪ӣ˵Ҳñ䡣
ҸովһԵֳǳƽˡ
˵꣬Ҷ绺վŭˮ̣ʥ֮ȥ
ʥ֮ʱϵػոշ˼һĻֱڣȻоոշ˼һξ֮еĸо
ߵڰеʥ֮ʱʮʧˣսҲʧ
ʧȥ֮꣬ʥ֮鲻ٷľɣɵн
ʥ֮鱻ˡ
Ŀûľʥ֮һĻˮٴ¶ӵı顣
ܽʥ֮ذʵлѹΪһ
ڰĵλҲܼ
뵽ոҶԼһĻˮ̾Ϣһסʥ֮ͷתݵѹڣڷѰĻԵ
ʱոǵصĲҶԺٴ
С½֮һҪĴУϣܵõ·ߵһЩ
ˣʥ֮͸㣬ҵʹҲˣҲлɢǰٸһЩôܵõ٣Ϳǵıˡ
ϣгӰ⣬Ҷˡ
Ҷ羳̫ͣһ͸Ҷ磬ʣӿڷѰĪԵˮ̣ڽ塣
ָˣǰʧԪȫָˡ
ں⣬Ҷ羪ϲķ֣ԼԪٵӣӽʣİ˰ָ۷ǧꡣ
ָҶǰʧԪͷǿ̵ĳˮ˲ſȫľ
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ҶһȫʹУתɻ;ת䣬ڱľ
Ҷǿ󿰱ȼƷ̸ս޻ʣȫסڿӿš
ںˮȴܲסڱ
屻һſѪ˳ëʳ޴ʹĥȥʹ
ˮ־Ҷ֮ĸǿޱȣо֮ľҧ촽ļš
һָоԼӿ֮пܿԽѵһͻƵս޻ʾ硣
֣һҪ֣ܷ
Ϊ˿ԽԽ񱩣űˮʩչطȼ˴ƿص֮ǿѹ
̫£֮Ҳ޷ѹˮٶȸԶԶ
أˮ̰۵Ƥ˴ѪۣѪ͸˳
ɶ񣬸ôѹ
оԼʱܱɲϱűԵˮԶԶһͬɫƽҶ磬һҧǿ̾ʹӹȥ
һ̣弴ˮͻȻƵҶ磬Ҷɴ˫ע£ݺݵ촽
Ĵӣ˵ӾǺݺһˮֻ̣촽洫ĻȣҪڻһ㡣
Ҷ촽Ҫ뿪ʱѸ˫֣סҶĲӣĿҪűˣٰһЩ
ðɣ
ˮ̺ˮӣоȷʵãҶûоܾתɻγһǿ͸ͣһ㽫ˮڵ뵽ԼС
ţˮ̺΢΢ЩϢ§ҶˣǶԴδȾָ˫ݺݵؼѹҶ壬˵ԽԽ졣
ʱˮ̣һƿƣ԰Ρ
ҶһˮһƷζЩԵζʱҶﵽ˼ޣһٳƿˮɰͻƵ˰벽ս޻ʾ硣


736 

Ҷͻư벽ս޻ʾûãͻȻоͷһʹѪ˳͵۾
ҧҸʲô
Ҷ翴ųӣͷ΢΢Щң΢죬촽մȾ˿˿Ѫգļµˮ̣ʵ
˵ҧʲôսޣ͸һ˿ζˮŭ˵˭㽫ͷеġ
Ҷ磺
Уҧ㣬סһЩˮ̰ĴصһҶ磬˵
סʲôҶţ֪ʵ
סüסĶ
Ҷ˴ˮ̿Ƶ֮ѹסڱ뵽ԼƵҶ磬ǵһĻˮ̻ǽ߲ѣ˼ֱһ仰һֻĺˮķˡ
һ̵õ塣
ˮȥٻӰҶвһ˿ܿ죬ԺеĬĬʧĽɽۣ֮ڵ̾硣
Լʱ䣬Ҷȫڵٻص˱֮С
ʱȥɱ¾֮ǺͱŵˡҶεɫĴ󺣣
ǰŵǰ׼ȥһǵ̽һīգ£ѩƮˡ
֪ǵжԶ
Ҷ罫űͼ˳ƴһҪȷǰǵ·ͼ
̫Ҷ罫ĺͼǾֲͼ˴˼ϵҶ޷ȷǵ׼ȷλ
֮£ҶƲһ巽λٻԼٶȥ

ޱߵĺƴ߼ӿգոջյ˲˺ɫһɿֲں
֮£һҲ޵ĺնˣڲӿĺϼۡ
ˣҪˣǲҸСܱ꣬ȱȥˣټ׽ޡ
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ţⳡӦòСǾȥǰСɡ
һɫƳȹ΢㷢ɢ˫磬۽βƣ̴棬͸ųζŮӵ˵ͷ˵
ᣬոջôһṦ򣬱Ҫˣ⼸Ҫڴвܳˡ
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С㣬еǱ仯ӦӦϰˡЦ˵
ǽҪ䵽Ϊ𣿡Ůҧŷĸ첲ĵʵ
ʮӶʮֻҪ㸸ˣɹǰѹأǽһжɽһ졣̾Ϣһ
ˣС㣬ϾҪˣǻشհɡӿԽԽĺƣ˵
ף㿴ǰһС
ĸŮ׼شʱŮ͸ҵĺƽ棬ԼһҶڲӿĺƯ
һˣüͷһܼңǿȥԣͰɡ
ˣڴϾǲ̫ðˣӽ˵
һʤ߼ǲܿʹ֮СƵ˵ЩĻ֮ˣȶðգҾû⡣
ðɣ
ӵ˵ͷʻ˹ȥʱܱɣС
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ʯһ㣬ڹ֮˿İͻȻ۾һ۷΢΢һԾ˺֮ϡ
ӲǱˣڴ֮Ϸ˰ҹ治巽һСһƯһҶ硣
ÿٶȣ
ҶԾϺֵٶȣ¶һ˿ɫҶ΢ı仯
ʲôˣΪʲôڴƯŮ´Ҷ磬ʵ
ΪҶ纬Ľ͵
ƾ㣿
ŮЩʧָҶ磬ûдϸоر֮ûвʵʵɵ
ˣϾҪˣǻش˵ɡ
·ɾûմȾһκˮҶ磬оܲ򵥣ûϸоκεĶʹ⣬ĵϸ
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷŷ˸ɾ࣬ڷżСĴС
һ˸ո߽ûã޾ĵƿƣڲӿĺƽ档
һʱ䣬Ư£µıˡ


737 µ
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֮󣬷ΪҶ絹һƮɢ˿˿Ĳˮżɽʵ
ҽз糾ڱ򣬶ֻΪҶһڱɫĲˮ˵
ҶĽͣϾһھʵ޷Σķıв֮ڣЩڲ÷ģҶӵϡ
˷ˣ֪Ҫȥ
Ҷ翴е֮ɫ֪ԼҲ⣬ʵ
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ţ˴αһһĿģǾȥһµԶǵҲ״ǵĺ֣Ʒ͵Ҵķðɡ
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ˣЩˣɷҰһϢ
ŷ۾еĻ֮ɫɢ˲٣Ҷʵ
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ҹ۴峺ɫ֮ˣӦò˺ŵ顣
ҲҪȥǵͬУ
ˣˣǾͲҪˣҪϣǵĺĿԵõñ˵
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ս磬ĵ߸ңٺеĺʻµʱһװϣʿͻȻһֻ峤ʮףͨɫ˶ԴϳѪɫɺǵľԾ˺棬ޱߵˮ
ƽɺǻƽɺ
ǰԶԾƽĽɫ㣬һ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ƽɺǱеһޣǱѪɫɺǣǼֵǣһƷ
ǰֻƽɺһֻ׾Ϊޣ൱ڸ֣Էһ˵ʵȫлɱ
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ֻҪ׽ֻƽɺصµ֮󣬾ܳƼҵĸ߶꾧
ٺеĺֺܿ쿿ʮ׳Ļƽɺ
ڷ£ʮ˸ˮͰֵĻ꾧ڶ׼Ҫ뺣еĻƽɺƻǿĻӴ塣
໣
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Ϊ˷ֹ˵ĻƽɺӽףļھĻܼҸ֣˲ӿĴУֳָԵΧ˻ƽɺǿз·
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·⣬˺ۻƽɺ˷ŭĺµŹˣݺݵغŻܼҵˡ
꾧ޣȫƽɺ
űŭĻƽɺ񹥻ܼҵ˳ž޴ѹʩӴ꾧ϵعƽɺ
ۿԽԽصĻƽɺʮµĻ꾧ںɱ羪װĺͻȻ𣬾ʮ׸ߵľˡ
һֻ̣ɹ׽٣ﵽļ޵ȼĳƽɺͻȻֳѪȾĺ棬Ѫɫ۾򻪹ܼҵ˷Ĺ


738 
ãֻɹ׽ٵĳƽɺܼΣա
ֻɢŽâﵽļ޵ȼĻƽɺ֣ʱŵûʧɫԥٵײȥȻܼǡ
Ƿˣ
Աʻðײֻ峤ʮףĿ̫죬ŭĻƽɺ
䣡
ٺеĺֺݺݵײֻƽɺϣǿײֵסֻƽɺ͵Ĺ˴ʧɫĻܼҵ˵
ܼңҪֻ˵Ļƽɺˡ
Σʱ̣Ѿֻƽ׾ˣŽٺĻܼҵ˴
ڻܼҵǱӻغʱֻ۾Ѫ죬ŭХĻƽɺ򽪼Һַ͵Ĺ
ڽӴƶСɽ͵ײ޴ĺ֣׳ĺײþҲĴϵذݡ
ȼջ꾧ȫ
ץžҡεĴɫɷ׵ؿײֻƽɺʩ
䣡
Σʱ̣ҴԱϧ۵ȼջ꾧Ż꾧ڵϵغƽɺӴ
κλƽɺɹ׽٣ü£ȼƷ꾧Ļ꾧ڸ޷ƿǵķ˺Ƿֺ
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ǿĻ꾧Ȼ޷˺ֻŭĻƽɺֺսҪǿײɱΧ
ֻƽɺֲ̫ȫ£Һָ޷ǵ
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ܼңﻹƷ꾧ȫͶ¯УȫһɱȥһöǬָ˻ܼУص˵
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ɫ״ݿӴԴѪȪһ㣬ӿ˳˲Ⱦ˷Բﺣ
ˣֻȾߵĻƽɺˡ
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һסĵ𾪣˵
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˵Ƿ糾ǡȹŮӳԾʵ
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ãạܾ̃ǵֻһˣصķ糾еС
Ƿ糾ôȹŮһ۾͸һ˿ȸԾ˷ܵ˵˵ܲǶԸī˺ͻƼңֻҪϳ֣ҽҵΣܽ
ɣǷ糾Զǿʵݸǵ󡣶ڰоǣ֤뱻ǴţκˣôϢ
ҽҵѹأҪԼɣֻƽɺǱƷҽһϣ
ܼң۷繫ʲô󣬾Ķ
İɷˣ֪ôܼҵ˵ͷ˵
ҵѸ޸ƽɺײѵĴȻֻƽɺʬϵϣǾ뿪
ǣˣ
ٺĽҵӴæµ
ƽɺ̫Ӵ󣬽ҴԱʵֲߣʹȼ˴Ļ꾧żѵؽһֻƽɺʬϵֻС
ڽǿ϶ڶƽɺʬʱһ
Ұ׶೤Žɫĺֳ˷ˣٵʻ˹ҺԼƽɺʬΧˡ


739 Թ
ƼңƼҵĺ֡
ͻȻֵҾͺ֣ɫ䣬͸һ˿ҡ
û뵽ոնɹΣ鷳Ƽҵĺֹĳ֣ŰΧˡ
ѵмϸ
ԺͻȻֳһͷɽҺмϸȻƼҺֲֵͻȻ
û뵽㽪ҾֶΣͷƽɺ
ͷɺһƼȷ֣һ·׷ɱˣǽֻƽɺһƼҡ
һɫۣ˫΢΢Щף۾ݽգһ׶о߰Ե˵
޳ܣͷƽɺҽҲ׽ģƼҺθɡȹŮܻķ
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ȻҶĿʮֵľϸ˵ص壬綾Ḷ́ýؿ಻ԣ۵鴤ʹ಻ѡ
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˵ţҶŮӵĿ̨ҵһе򣬹ۿ̨Ѫȣҵ䶷
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̫Ѫȣ̫ݶˣжȫĴ򷨡
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745 ɱ¾֮Ϣ
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˵ţҶ粻ɱԵǿĨȥɱĲּ䣬һӡǡ
ţʩչֶͬΣһһĨȥ˼Լɱڵ䣬Ů뿪˼žɱ


746 ԡѪеõ
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747 Ҵȥɱ
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749 ɽ֮
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750 н
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751 ǿѹ
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Ѫĸɽ뵽һľУһж޷
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תɻǿҩҶָ˲ĵĻٴνԴзѳ˷񹥻ִɽİ׻аꡣ
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⵽ɻԹ׻аܵ˲СӰ죬ʱ޷ִɽ
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춯أھ겻ϧۿ£צ͵ĿɽУѹµİ׻а귢һ
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˵ţҶֳɻԳ˰׻а걬Ƶ򣬿ɻĲлꡣ
΢࣬Ȼ㡣
׻аʮǿ⵽ػȻûлҶֳɻԳԼʱƿµĲлƽҶ꺣УҪ꣬塣
˭һҶһԣ̻ꡣ
㵽ʲôˣ
⵽ɣӿҶ꺣İ׻а־ˣ˺ѻ꺣ӳȥ
κأɻ֮ϣҶͷʹѰʹ࣬ȫɣٽ׻лˡ
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ǿİ׻аַ꣬ѳϸʼ˵Ĵν̡


766 ϳֵ췣
Слл㣬ллʹ׻аꡣ
о׻аϢҶ꺣ʧ²ҶӦýĵƣа꣬ھиֳ˵
ǰⶼӦġҶ粻˵
СɢǰһݴҲһеĺ档
˵ţǿҶ꺣УԽˡ
꣬ٴηѳϸٶȲϵ죬γһɢŰɫâƬ
ϴǰ׻ʬǿɲԸңӵ׻ǺҾܶòֱһΣ
׻ҲޣȫŹ׾â̺ǿİ׻ʬǣԲ۾ð˵â
Ȼԣ
ҶԥĴӦ
ллϴ󣡡
˵ţ޻һ⣬˰׻ʬУʩչһĴͨں׻ʬǡ
һ׻ʬںһ𣬽׻ʬǵʩչһЩͨˡ
壬㣬Ѫӣ˳׻а꣬ǹûβ͸ˣβ̺ǵʵɴ
Ҷֳֵ콣ն׶೤β͸ɱ¾֮ˣȸǣǲٿȸβ
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ˣ׻а걻ɽʧⱱŵΣգռҲȶǾչһʱɣ֮ǰ޴½Ҷ
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Ҷڻľ£֮ǹǺ֮ѪƷӲߵƷȼ
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һʧҶ翰׼壬ȴֲĽĽڣƤѪ˳˺


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ģںϣ
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Ҷۿɼٶˣɱ¾֮ˣȿµĻָδš
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УȴĪա
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̸һ̹˺գϥȫĵҶ硣
գ֮䣬Ҷ类̹סˣĸ͸ȫëף壬ڵ
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٣ֽˣѵһҪɱ𣿡
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أȴδҶһ˿Ӱ죬Ժеתɻ;ת䣬֮֮У޸ƣӭҲµˮٺͻ١
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ľٹ֮ϼٻĽٴα仯ɫ˺ɫԲٺնȾɫ
ںУһˮٿٵ𣬲Ŵ󺣲ϵˡ
ڣˮ˰ʱ䣬ﵽ޺һ
һʱ䣬ղâӳ죬ˮٳΪؼΨһᴩأֱӽĿ¶صҶûˡ
䣡
ҶڵĿռ䣬Ҳˮٹ£ݣز³ס
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ʱҶȫѪ۷ˣոձ֮֮޸Ĺͷˣ弸ˮ֮򴩣ѪģѪĽ
ľѹˮ٣
ҶʹǿҵѣθУƻľѹӿˮ٣һµĵˮ٣Ŀ
κΣˮٵֲ̫ٺȫҶһδιò԰ҲڲĿԽԽء
޷д٣ҶԵ


769 ͻƣһս޻
ģںϣ
ԽԽأˮ˺ѣҶȴһ˿ˮٵϴ񣬼Ǳȫںġ
Ҷں˴ģ֮ս޻ʾ磬Ժе˫ͷѪҲɱ䡣
˫ͷѪɱҶнȻͬǧ׵ӴϵСͷ­Ҳк϶Ϊһļ
̺ȴͬն˫ͷѪԽҶսɹ޷ɹ췣
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ҶԽԽأֵסˮ췣Ĺ弴ʱٻ˱ĵƻľҡգˮ췣֮
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ת䣬ˮ֮Ѩ
ҶȻľʱסˮ췣Ĺˮ췣֮಻Ҳһδι²ϵؼء
֮£Уðתת䣬ӿеˮ췣ѨУѨɱٶȡ
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Ѩе飬ں˴֮Ѵﵽֱͣˮ췣֮˲ӿɱٶȡ
ľˮ췣ѹƣҶһα񱩵ˮ췣ûʱѨеɱ顣
ھнһؾ磬Ҷ絥˲䱩ǵǧټϾҶﵽ˾˵ǧ
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ǿнʵս޻ʣҶʩչʮ౶ȴȻֵסֱˮ췣
ڻľҶʵ»ǿĹסҶ壬ˮ췣
ɶⶼһʱˣˮ췣ôɢѵˮ췣ɱĲݣ
Ҷʹһʱˮ췣ûɢļ󣬲Ⲣδҡһȫģ֮һ߽ҧؼš

Ҷ֮ˣʵʼ½ʱҶ꺣˾
ں㹻ģ֮Ҷ˫ͷѪͷһţӴСһǧס
ȴɱ˼ΪµѪʣͷž°ġʡ֣ڻǱʮ౶
˫ͷѪѪʣҶ羳ƿɶˣҲҶƷ֮Ѫںһ
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ʱ죬Ҷתɻǿһٺ˾ƿͻƵһս޻ʾ硣
ͻƾ˲䣬µˮ췣Ҳٽβʱˮ췣ٴǧˮǳ£ҶĹľˡ
֣ʱ̣һҪס
ͻƵһս޻ʾ磬δҶһߵĴ⵽ˮ췣Ĺٴμƣһ㱻췣֮˺ѡ
Ҷûзҧأ˶ʤŬԼѣȫȼյֿ֮ˮ췣Ĺ
ڣһˮ췣Ҷɽٴףռȫجج룬


770 زݣ
ʧˣϢʧˣѵ
ᣬϴоɥģһʣ
ˮ췣ʧҶϢҲ֮ʧýȴ㣬ɽ˻
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ˡ
ͻȻŵĶɽУ˿µÿһͬ죬顣
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ÿµϢɹ췣羹ɱ䵽ȳ̶ȣֱһͷڷ
ҶɢϢɽ˺һ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫԵΪеˡ
Ҫңҵ췣ûн뿪ⱻҵ췣
ʱҶ˶УĴߴٵ
ʲôûн
Ҷ紫ֻһУһƬհףȫɵۡ
޷󣬿ֲ췣֮󣬻ʲô췣ȴҶ硣
ѵĴѾصϿɣعƱ
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ڷ֣˲ҾôѸ˳Ҷɽٵ򣬼صȴ
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772 ֲʵ
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ǵĿ㣬ץס㣬Ȼɱ޹ӿŰ羫µףӣ¶һ˿յЦݡ
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ϣҰ׼ɭ޵δֳʤǰɭ޵˺ң޷Щ޹Ҷ
οǵƽƵֵ˶ãһ¶ԮʧܣƱɭ޵˾һսԼ´ҡȻ˵
С㣬ǾһȺ֮ˣǵĻš׺ƴȰ˵
ۣ
׺Ȱ˵֮ʣʧȥĵغӼɱ¾һѪڰš
ּ䣬ӻ޹֮˵Դ˽ǵ
ס֣
ǰĲ״ֻԼ౻شݺݵһƵģʹޱȣ͵˦˰׺Ƶ֣η߳ƽơ
׼ҵǺƴˡ
׺Ѹٷһ켶굤ȶסƣջ˷󣬸˰׼ɭ޵־һ


776 һشǿ
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޵İ磬¶һ˿Цݣ
㣬㲻سŵ
ɫɷףŭ
ŵŵʲôϷʵ˵磬Щɰ
׼ҵԱСɱΧ
һɷɭ޵֣׺ƲһеȼѪ֮Ĵ
׺ƻ䣬ɭ޵ɫˡ
Ȼǵʵȫƿ˰׼˵׺ƵƴԱƱظǴһ
ϡ
Ҳ
С㣬㲻ҪǵһҪȥΪҰ׼ԮҰ׼Σ
˵꣬İ׺Ƴɫĺӣ꼼ϣȼյѪ֮һ
׺ƷԱ˲䣬׼ҸҲ׷壬Աһɫɭ޵֡
һʱ䣬µԱγ˿ֲĳҵըʯɣѿ㲻ɭ޵ֱӱ
ȻʱܣȻ׺ԱˣѪĵ˵ϣء
ϡ
翴׺ƵԱֻĶˣ֪ڲ֪ʹʱҧŹǣ۳ԼٶѩǸȥ
ܣ
˲ĺӿͻΧܣѸٷһŵҩȶסƣ׷ϡ
ǰ벽ս޻ʸ֣ˣٶҲԶԶ硣
ʮ׷ƴܵİ磬ƽˣѩǸ⡣
磬Թ־ܰɣӲҵġ
Ŀȵؿͷңٵİ磬⣬ͿƲסеĻ棬ʸţɷİ˵ڵˡ
ҾҲóѵġҧ촽Ư۾͸
ǰĿ𣿡
Цһһɱĺָ˲̽˰壬;ԱĻᡣ
һָ̣ٴαһ⣬˰ؿڣҪ˺·¶˵Ĵ⣬һɫ
żٺâϮ¶˾֮ɫڵĺֻı۾ᡣ
һӣӡ۾İȴʮϵ·ûд˺
۾ʱһˣ۾ͻȻɴ⵽׺糸סˡ
ҶҶ磡
ʹ۾ҶϤףɵˡ
ţԼʱҶ콵ͻȻ־Լ
꣡
֮ʣҶתɻ˺ӵޣԴɱ
磬㻹ðɣ
Ŵľİ磬Ҷ΢΢һЦʵ
Ҷ磬㣿
ֱڣȻһξ֮еĸо˵
ͻȻһٶȼĹ֣һ۵ǣڰ˸һ£˰ĺ󱳡
Сģ
ۿĹ䴩ĺ󱳣Ҷһ˰ǰָס˹
º֣Ȼּס׷
ʱһȳƣźɫƳۣһ̺۵ӣһɫͷ޹ˡ
󣬻ʮոձ׺ƵԱشɭ޵֡
ţħħ
̺ӳʱҶüͷ΢΢һ£ǿڰ̺ϲһ˿ֵħ
˿ħˮ̣ɵϵħԴͬһ塣
ѵ쵽޴½
뵽ˮ̵ݣҶĬţᵽһ˿ıϢ
սս޻ʸ֣
Ű̺ɢɽ嫵Ϣɫ䣬ץҶĸ첲˵Ҷ磬㲻ҪңҰ׼ɭ޵֮ĶԹ㲻Ҫֽ
ģɱɱ
ֻ̺һս޻ʾ磬Ҷвԣοܻɱ¾֮㣬ɽ֡
ÿСӣһס㣬һȫĹͷ㻹Ӳ𣿡̺ӴЦһײе˵
˵꣬ȫĻע뵽еͷ޹УѸٵҶ硣
ǿƻĹϮҶ粻ܣͥŲӭŹ˹ȥ
Ҷ׾ʱȴɢǿˡ
һ̣Ҷ̤ڴʧɫİ̺ǰޱȵĽ֮ưٽ뷢ķ̴ǧٿףѪȪӿ˳ȥصصѪУ⵽ش
Ҷһش̺ӵһĻɭ޵ڸ֣뵽ؿ־в԰Σ붼û룬ͷܡ


777 ıζ
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ʮɭ޵֮ʣˮҶ壬ٶȼıһɭ޵ֱ֣ƿǶ˱
ã
Լɭ޵ڸ֣գ֮䱻Ҷ綳һ߾߱񣬰ķһβˣҶ˼ر仯
һ޷ţʮʱ䣬Ҷӵɱս޻ʾֵʵ
ۡ㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ʶҶ羪Ϊ˵ʵ̺棬۾¶һ˿֮ɫѪֹ壬˵
˭֪ҺܸȤ
˵ţҶһֺݺݵذϣԵѻ֪꣬ݡ
ǵԵӿ֮ʱȴСĴ꺣صĽơ
ţ꺣еؽԱˣֱӽ꣬ԴѪԽڰС
øֶΣ˵ıԲ򵥡
ȻѻʧܣҶȴظоħȷв岻Ĺϵ
Ҷ٣ѱΧʮûзκο֮ˡ
ʱɱ¾֮ɽ˳ˣѩǸΧҶ档
ս޻ʡ
Ȼɱ¾֮Ϣ翴ɱ¾֮ʱǸеŨŨΣϢ²ɱ¾֮Ӧս޻ʸ֡
磬֪ѩǸл׼Ҹ𣿡
Ҷɱ¾֮˵ͷĿͶ˾δİ磬ʵ
ûˣΪɱΧϧ۷Աһɭ޵ͬھɫ˵¶ǰʱ뿪ѩǸȱҲ֪Ρ
ˣ
ڱ֮Уǰ׼ʮܻɱǸȫˣ֪ѶҶҲ̾Ϣһźδܾ顣
뵣ģ·ϣҾҲҸ㡣Ҷ˵
̫ˣ¶ûҾͷˣҶӣĴ£Ұ׼û
֪±ȵϢŵˣ׼ҵΣȴһɽѹС
Ҷӣ׼ңңҶӿϰæңԸӦҶκεҪ󣡡
뵽Ҷ羪Ϊ˵ʵҧһ촽ͻȻѩУĿ
˵
Źڵϣۿ죬ϧİ磬Ҷ̾Ϣһͷһ͵Ļ
ҶӣҰ׼ڵĴĺΣգ벻ԮҰ׼Һܱܿɭ޵ϱ񹬣ĺ幥ƣٲ罫׼ҵĴҶ硣
Ҫô㣿
Ҷ統Ƿ׼Ҿ޴飬ĵ崿׵İҲкøУʵ
Һ¶뿪׼ңȥҰȱҿ֣ͿɽǰΣ
ȥ̫ңԶ֪Ҷӿɷ񱣻ǽöȥҰȱؿҶ磬
ôȷһ׼ңҶ練ʵ
񹬱һƣѾ䣬Ұ׼䣬һᲽǵĺ󳾣Զ˵ѡֻкҰ׼ϣлɹⳡƽ١˵
磬֪Ʊ񹬵
Ҷ֪׼ңɭ޵һǳǿĴ壬񹬵Ϲ£Ǿӵзŵı̻ӣʵֲ
񹬱ƣҶ绳ɣԼ񹬵ܿǰĸ֡
֪Ұ׼Ҷ෽飬ҲûеƱ񹬵ҡҡͷ˵
֪޴½𣿡Ҷʵ
˵Ӧ֪񹬳£Ұ׼ɭ޵ķǶδ֡
ѵҲϵ
ҶԽо޴½ľЩӣû뵽Լ޴½ǣһ޴ıС
Ҷ޴½ҪɱɲģΪɲսʱ⣬һĿģǾǿǣԼ
޴½ı֣Խоǲס
Խ׼ΣٳûԼսϣ󳬼ԼлǵıʱƿǵĻͻ
Ҷһжرˣ統жʱҶ޷Թۡ
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˼֮Ҷ¶ģŵ
лл
ҶĻһů˰Уƽͱģ˸ǼزԸ
ڵȴµʱ˰׺Ƶ˵ʬǣҶԵʮɭ޵һһѻ꣬˻֪ǰ;ли⣬ûл֪κмֵϢּʮˮסɭ޵֣ǵҶĵȴ
ڣһʱ󣬰µ˸ˣǵ֪Ҷһشǿߣʱʵȫˡ
ˣ˵ˣ߰ɣȥҡ
Ҷûеʱ䣬Ű׼뿪ƮŨŨѪζѩǽ⣬򽪼ڵƳǷȥ


778 춾
ˣҹǾǰɽϢɡ
Ҷһ˷˴ʱ䣬ɫʱ䵽һƬɽǧ䣬ľ죬ٲƣһϥɽ
磬Щ㶼ʲôΪʲôʵô죿
һ·Ҷ֮Ĺϵ˲٣˱˴˼ĳƺҲİһ𣬷һֻʵ͵ɽһʵ
Щȷʵ˺ܶ£ЩʵҲˡ
Ҷһɢ˿˿Ȫˮźڷ٣崿ֲʧĵİ磬˵
Ȳ̫Զˣµʵܰˡ
뵽׼ҵΣ粻ɵ̾Ϣһµ͸ǡ
İɣһжȥǰ׼һܶɹⳡƽ١Ҷ΢΢һЦο
ϣɣ̾Ϣһĵ˵
׽㣬Һöͷɽ𣿡
ſĽӲӣðŷ͵ɽ㴹ߣӲ
ˣԳˣ
ſɰͷˣ㣬΢΢һЦḧһСԴһ鿾õ⡣
磬޴½Σգߣ⣿
ʵ粢Ŀ£İȫЩǡ
İɣԱʵҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ţҺ˭˺ңһȭ򱬡ԵͣСèһ˵ͷ
ҹԽԽһּ㡣
Ʒ˰߳գһͷɽԹ⣬ɽϥȴʱҶĸ֪ͻȻΣտ
СģΣտ
Ҷ͵۾Ƶâ˳ȥѵ
ˣ
Ҷոѣڼžɽ˴̶ĿĦǵĹɽУǵӿ
棡
ҶӵҹӵͻȻɽеĹһȸСзݣ̣űɫĶ档
Ȼһֻ޷԰˹вǧĶȴǴв
ҶлɢһĶвŰ˵
ǿңҪ뿪׾룡Ҷ
ţһɷذĻ緢ռ䡣
£ҶΧĿռ䷢˴Ťȵ¶ȵȼܵĹľڵҹӳ˰硣
ǶĿǣĶոտȵճ˷ɻң޷Ҷˡ
ףû뵽оշһ𡣡
Ķ汻ҵɽһ˻ƵľһĺɫӰһˡ
죬춾ˣ
ͻȻֵĺɫӰ׼һɫ䣬ϳǰˣ޴½ŷɥб޵ϲԣ⣬մȾŴ޹֮Ѫʵﵽս޻۷춾ˡ
Сޣû뵽㾹շһ𣬲֪㣬ܲܵõշ𡣡
춾Ŀ׺ݵؿҶ磬˻ɤӵ·ҶУһζͣڶ½֮
춾ˣҰ׼ûе㣬ַ̧ǣֻҪǰ뿪ԸǰһƷ꾧͡һסĵĻңŵ
Ȼ֪Ҷʵǿս޻ʾ֮ʵ༫󣬶춾Ķ֮⼫£սһս޻ʸ֣ͷŵĶ֮⣬ҩҽ
׼ȷʵûеңܿϧɭ޵ҷĳͣҽǴȥץסǣϵһвҵġ
ŮޣǳôƯǽźˣҿԲĥǡ춾˶԰ŵ޶ԣĿȵ˵
˵𣿡
ҶĿؿײаԵ춾ˣƽ˵
š
ŷƵɫƽҶ磬춾üͷ΢΢һ塣
˵ˣͿµˡҶ绺˵
СӣҪΪշ޵Уס㣬Ϸ㳢еʹ
춾۾͸ŨŨɱɭȻؿҶ磬˻˵
磬СϺףǽԸɣһ趼ʶ
ƯĴ۾˸ŨŨս⣬ԾԾԵ˵
㣬춾ʵܿ£֣ûġ¿ɰСΣգŵ˵
İ磬Ը´࣡ҶЦ˵
㣬սپҪʱ䣡Ҷ綣
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ͷŵԽԽǿɽ󺣣磬ºѣóͣ۾ٵȹԲ
춾Ҳû֮ɫϣѺ۵¶֮ɫ
һ̤˼Ӳĵ棬Яž˵˰Уһȭ֮춾˷˻𹥻


779 ԽԽӵľ

һȭ춾иֳһֻ޴Ķܣ㷢˾춯ذ𣬲ſռܼˮƣײ㡣
䣡
µȭͷײһ𣬺ˡ
ţһ̤գͷųױȵǿƣ춾ǰ䶯СȭͷҳһǼǿµȭâͺ춾ˡ
ȫ֮ʣеѪ֮һ㼤µҲ˲ѹ춾˵Ĺƣˡ
ǿʵôǿ
Ŀǿѹ춾˵һĻ硢µ˷·ʩ˶˵¶Ŀı顣
޷ţÿɰͲ㾹ȻҲһ֡
㻹ûжȫȫ춾Ѿˡ
Ҷ֪仯Գ֮Ŀ£ҲҪ֮ѪħѪѹơ
޻̬
춾Ҳû뵽ս˵Ŀֲոս֣Լ·磬ںޣȼѪ֮仯޻̬
춾˵Ƕ󡣬仯޻̬˱øӵĳª²˸ʮֵĶġ
֮⣬򶾳
仯޻̬춾ö֮⣬ȫĸγ˿µĶϯ㡣
໣
ϮһֻµԳӰֳ壬˫ȭأ˴ʯµĶɢˡ
֮⣬裡
ɢ춾˽֮ⷢӵ£̺Ķ۳Ķߣ¶ųҧ㡣
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⵽֮۵߹㱬춯صӿ壬һĶ߽֮ˡ
֮߱飬ͷŵ֮Ϊ£Ҷƹ֮͸ȫëף룬ʴ塣
ȥɡ
㱻Ҷɣ춾¶֮ɫһǶͷﵽƷȼĹȳУؿڡ
ãΣգ
ΣգʱŤͷҶ磬ȴɫƽİΣ
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ۿ춾˴Ĺȴ壬еѪ֮ˣ˲ѹ˶֮ʴɽ֮һȭͷϡ
꣡
һ𣬼ƷͷȳܲסʩչĴͨˣµ͸ͷȣӿ춾УѪˡ
ժƣ
һȭ춾ˣ֣Ѫ֮γǹڵ֣һž޴ǳѹؿݺݵ˿Ѫ춾ϣıǣֱӽӰĴ˵档
Ӳɽҳһ޴ĿӶԶ
㣬㣬ôӶ֮Ĺ
أԴѪֱ춾ڵؿźж㣬¶˻ģ
ǰ磬ô춾˵Ķ֮⹥Ҳ¶˲֮ɫʵ
֮Ȼ£ѪǿԿƶ֮ʴҶ͵
˵֮ʣ춾ֽӡƣص춾ˡ
µֱɽأ춾˺ݺݵҽ˵زУȫĹͷȫ飬ɥʧ˷
춾⵽شٻ˶ɢȥܿ죬ɽָֻƽ
ѻ꣡
Ҷû춾˷ϻˮ壬Եϣѻꡣ
ţƣԺҲнƣ
͸춾˻꺣֮ʱСĴ꺣صĽƣţըˣֱӽ춾˵Դը飬ɥȪ
ѵɭ޵Ϯ׼ңǵ˼ָʹɭ޵ʵҲˣ
춾н뵱ѩǸסɭ޵нһģһҶ˺ܶĲ²⣬Խо޴½ı򵥣ž޴Σա
ı֮ĻǲǰҶ绹޷ȷ
ҩͽⶾ٣Ʒ꾧ڿţƷ꾧˰ţݣǿس
Ҷ춾ʱ˴ⶾпس֮ЩҶûзκмֵĶûһĻֵϢ
磬һָо춾˲ɭ޵ɱǵġҶ罫춾˵սǬ˵
ɡ
ɫһ䡣
Ҿɭ޵׼ҿսǱָʹģĻһֻƶ
ҵĲ²ģȥֻͽΣգҵĴӦҲáҶ˵
⡭
ҶķĴңһϵбҲᵽһ˿ѰϢ
ֻҵķͲ²⣬࣬ȵ˽ңӦÿ֤ʵҵĲ²⣬ķʣǾ֤ɭ޵Ļк֣Ȼƾɭ޵ǲҹȻսģ
˵꣬Ҷûٵʱ䣬أƽİˣڵҹգƳǡ


780 
Ƴǣ޴½ϣҲ֪ĳǳ֮һ
Ƴ֮ΪƳǽҵܲռһ֮Դи֣ƳС
ˣǰƳǡ
ʮʱ·糾͵ҶһƳǽ⣬ԶԶ˱Ʋ֣ռ㣬һƬļݻƳǡ
վסǺˣƳʲô
ҶһƳʮ׸ߣһżֵǽհɵĳʱɫףֳַۣϾĽסʵ
ǰ׼ҴС㣬˴ңҪҽ̸
ӻóƣݵ
׼ҵˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬˼ǿԽˡ
˵꣬ÿһ·Ҷһ߽¥鲼ֵ̣ɫʮֵƳС
ȻҲϣ²棬ݸոǼıӦ÷˱ʣȻ֪ǵݣЩ˵衢Į
ڳĵĽҸȥʱҶϾ汻ˣǾƽϾ͸ӡ
ͼ߸޴½Ļ֣ҶʵҲеһ˿ѹǸָпӰԿǵļƻ
ô죬Ұ׼ϣҲ£Ұ׼ҽ׶༪١Ҳ˶ɣ겻˵
֮֮ҲûôһеǼ̫桢˵
Ҷ翴ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵İöˣοǼ䣬˳һֱĴ·ΡȻ͸Ųɣ֮Уһ½֮µĽլ⡣
ǰ׼ҴС磬Ҫ°ݼ̫棬ͷͨһվڽ䱸ɭϵĽҸ⣬ݣ
׼ҵˣ
˰缸ۣԥһ˵ţҪҶȥܼ档
˵꣬һϢĽƿǶʨͷͭţ߽Ҹͨȥˡ
һṦһɫۣһưɫףߣŻ˳
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壬Ǵ˴ǰкҪ£֪ɷȥ̫ͽ׼뽪˽԰öʶܼҡ
̫棬ڱأ񽪼һɶʱƹܡܼ˵ǸɣҴȥ
˵ţܼҿһѺۣҶһ߽˹ɫ㣬ǰԺĽլС
һȣҶ翴լ޽ļ俼̨ͤ¥󣬳عˮ鿲ڴ֮䣬һľ׺լУһƬУʱһЩɡɰޣƽż
ڴУʲôҪ£Ǹ˵У
Ҷ翴һ߸ǶĴڴУҶǿоһɻϢ
ļս޻ʡҶüͷһ£Щ⽪Ҷʵ
׼Ұ磬
վڽɫ⣬ܼҹ
磬¶ǽɣһۻڴд
磬¶ݼ塣
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磬¶ǧҽңǲΪ׼ɭ޵֮ĳͻ
˸Ҷһ˰λɵĲ豭䲻ȵʵ
ǣɭ޵ϱ񹬣ĺϮҰ׼ңҰ׼ΣڵϦ̫棬˼ҳأΪҰ׼ֹҰ׼Σѡ˵ͷһһʮĽĿĵ˳
磬ϵ˵׼ҳ£ҽȻӲǰãҽҲһЩʣʹ̫Ҵֱӱأûƶ棬ʵ̾ϢһһΪѵ˵
壬̫شһҰ׼ұƣһĿһ㽪ҰΪδ̫棬ͨһ罫ϵ˳
˵֮ʣҶһֱ۲콪䣬䲻ȣر̬ܵУҶо⡣
Ǻðɣҽס£취¸֪̫Ҵ磬̾Ϣһ
лл壡ö˸м
ܼңǰһľ᷿Ϣ
ǣܼҴλ
˵ţܼҴҶ磬뿪˴
ĿҶȥıɫͻȻб⣬¶һ˿Цݡ


781 
磬ý𣿡
ܼ뿪󣬰罫Ҷ纰ԼУ˸ƣҧ촽һǵʵ
⣡
Ҷ˵ͷ˵
ʲô⣿
һʵ
ǽ䡣̫ͽչҲ⡣Ҷ绺˵˵ģ׼ҺͽҵĹϵ֪׼ѣҾӲ⽪ȴӣ֤⡣
ҽ̫ͽʱ̫ϳҲ²⣬ҪôǱ˿ƣҪôܵˣڱչˡ
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ǰαɶʱָǰʵмĸãԻǰ壬ǰκεĺ֢
ںڰħʹҶʱѸɫ԰ףѪĽǳߣóһŻɱӵõα
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802 ĵײ
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Ű罿ε󵨵ĻҶסˡ
磬ңҸ磬Ұ׼ң߸ɾӣ治֪ʲô㡣
⣬ҪҰɣҵӸ㣬Ҳڡ
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Ҷ翴һϥ֮ϣոһ̴Լĵİ磬ԽھӡԺУ
ҪǿҶ罫һؾ磬ǿȫﵽ˽Ҫ
ټǿķ°빦ܿ죬һ㵭Ľ⸲Ƥ棬˱Ͷʥ
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804 ֮ˣ
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ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ƵʵĹҹʯеؽˣҶڽʯиоһ
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ħʹѪħʹɫҲ΢΢һ䣬Ȼʵǿ󣬴ﵽ弶ս޻ʾ磬ǳħˣЩ顣
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һ̣Ҷʩչĵƣ˲ȼǧԪӿ֮ѹסƣӲߵļս޻ʾ硣

ʵǵҶХһ̤һĽ⣬ٶȴﵽ£ɱİӰɱַ˷
һҶĵ⣬ﵽ۷壬ޱȵĵ콣ն񷣬գһµĽɽѹȶӰɱ¶˾֮ɫûӲӣģȫ㡣
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814 
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816 ޻
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⵽赣ɲǹžɫĹıµÿռ˴Ѻۡ
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817 ͻƣս޻
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818 Ǭؾ
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ҶͷǿĻǬʱ¿ĽƿռУŴ
ЩУҶƬҺɫʺ«Σ·һľϵҶע⣬ɫ٣ƻʼҩ֮һϹ١
Ϲ٣м궥ֵͬƣҶ粢ûժȡǽʳ
ʧˣôͻȻʧˣ
ɱ¾֮ɽ˵ɴ˫ۣٹҶʧȫˡ
ͷǿ꣬ӦҶʱһģӰͻȻ֣Ҷ뿪ǬصС
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ɽ֪ǬĴڣһ͵ʵ
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ŨƯĵط磬⵽
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ҵƮɾеõһҶ绺˵ǾɣǵٶȿɴʮϣУǿժ
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˵꣬Ҷ˷ֱǬһؿռҵʵ֮أҺչء
췣ϴҶӡŴķܵƣһԲ͸ЩƣԼԵ
죡
ص죡
е죡
֮죡
֮죡
ҶʮʱĲ͸ȫһؾ磬ǽ֮⣬Ǵﵽ˰쾳硣
֮Ҷ뽣ںֽһоò˶ãԼ뽣ںϡ
ʱĹﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡ
Ҷĵ죬˴´ݣͻƱԵҲоԼ췣
ʹҶ粻òͳǬӭ췣ϴ
ҶҲ췣Ȼȳոյ췣Ҫֲ
ԡں췣У㣬ɽıܴ֪ԼҪ벻ϺȣֻƴᱻҶ磬ԽԽԶ
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ڵˣҶӲ飬̤۶ԾǧԶʱϢڰҪͨ籨ŵħ壬ǸȫޱȵĽ֮ƽɱڷ


819 ͷ
ڷɵڷԭˡ
޴½ҶлҪյͼע˽ʮʱ䣬ŷɵһƬźɫӲݣĲԭϿա
޴½ʥǣǾƯƬһ޼ʣ߼ʵĺڷԭġ
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ܿ죬һ˴ѵڵҹƮ
Ҷ缫оɽΧ˲ǿ޵ķ㣬ʹҹʳ޸ҿ
Ҷ÷ذףһ鿾ĽƵ¹⣬һӲʯһߺȾƣһ߳⣬ʮֵա
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˼ѣˣҹڷԭʵ̫Σգ֪ǿɷﶺһ
ͦΣںڳɢ˫磬һɫǹźɫһԣȾƣòͨҶ磬¶һ˿ƵЦݣ˵

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ǹӿһ۽缫ߵİŮӣεҡҡͷһ߳⣬һҶ
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ΪոյĲ죬˱øӳĬ
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820 ǲǸ
ڷǣǧֻڷǣ
ŷֲǺԽԽĺڷȺŵû£ͷӴܡ
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ڷǷٶȼ죬һǾס׶༪٣ĿֻŵԬʵ
ţҾ͸ǾԼ취ͻΧɣ
˵꣬ҶҲٷϻһһɿ˸ߴĹľڿľʱó˴ߵȼ޵ķ㣬˹ľܡ
ߣǸϣ
Ԭһҧ˵
ѡҶ磬뵽ոҶѣоҶ粢򵥡
磬ֶڷǣһǱǹľУһûġҶ磬˵
ƾٶȰѺڷ׷ɱ𣿡Ԭ濴ԽԽĺڷȺʵ
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İɣһкܶʺŲǡҶ絭˵

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ʱڼ尾һһʧҶ̬ģȴһֶ꣬±ǻĸо
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ҶεȵǿɱڷȺʱоʩչľȻ޾۾вɵ͸һ˿ɱ⡣
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Ҷ֪ɭ޵ֶκݶһǿƯӣпܷʡ
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˵ţɭ޵ֱǿĻ۳һֻ֣ץ˻ʧɫŮ


821 ɱľǸ
Сģ
Ԭ汩һĳǹ°οն𣬷մץѿĻ֡
Ԭ̳һǹϻȶﵽֱ
ͣ
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úúãˣ뿪鷳ż׵в̫ùҲðգ˵
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֪Ƕ˵ݣԬ˶ʱֻ
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ڣǿ𣿡
Ԭ澪ֵı飬۾ɫһţ԰ʵ
ܣ
Ҷ˵żͻȻ칥ĺ΢ӡ
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ǲ֪ɭ޵ɭڴˣҶҲҳֻɱҶĿǰʵ赻ʩչ䣬ȫɱɭ
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ʶż׵ĹӺԥʩչѪҪܡ
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һ̣ˮĹż׺ϣƿֱӽ飬ڰбһѪϰա


822 
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ĿҶɱɭ޵ֵһĻԬ˴һƬհףȫɵۡ
糾ֵܣǿɭ޵ˣɱǣɭ޵𣿡Ԭһֻŵʵ
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ڵĺڷԭԽԽֲһײеǺںڷԭ
Ҷ綪䣬һ޷£ڷԭڷûҿǡ
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һϵĽУһ޷ֱӷɵ棬Խ;ҪôӵͨųеĴֱӽǣҪôʵǵ·ǡ
ʵǵ·ȻЩ鷳һʵǣвСĺôʵǵһ̶ʱᾭϴ񣬻⵽ϴ񣬸лԵһǵŵӣѡʵǵ·սԼöĽܵ
л֪Ҷ΢΢һЦ޵˵߰ɣȥųϢһʵǵ·
˵꣬ҶٵȶĹųǷȥ


823 ڣϣ
峿һ͵ڵҹգԽޱߵƺƬأӵƾʷĹųǡ
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оƺеֻͨףǵףҶ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫûмٶȣӿʵٶȡ
Ҷ羪˵ʵٶȣ˽ƺеף֯һҶǰ·塣
ת䣬ɣ
⵽׹Ҷתת䣬ŵӿȪѨУɱӿȪѨе顣
ţǰˣ
Ҷһʵǣһʱǿǰռв׵Ϣ
ǿϢÿʵһܽ˺ѣµĹȫļޡ
û뵽ڵ·һš
Ҷ΢΢̣ûмʵٶȣһǰ֮ľ롣
оҶԼԽԽ˺ףʵǵĻ¶˾֮ɫͷĽʱһ
Ϊ֣׷Ҷ磬˺ףס
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ոʲôˣΪʲô˾˵ٶȣ
ӳԾ֮࣬۾¶ŨŨս⣬ϵʵһ˺Ʋ񽣣׷Ҷ硣
ǰĽйŹ֣
Ҷ缱ٱһʱ䣬ӽ˵·ĶˣԼͷһʵʵõƽơ
ѵǿɴ޵󣿡
뵽֪·жеǽƣӵд޵Уٻܽϴ񣬶ϴʱԽ޴Խ⡣
ϣҪʧ
Ҷһٽ뷢˺׺ͽѹʮݣֱӳС
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ҶεȵǿγɵĻвԣһתת䣬ӿȪѨУһٻѪʣȵĻС
Ѫʾɱ䣬̺Ļֲ𺣣ҷʱµĻܲסѪͷŵĻ˵Ѻۡ
ʮѪ˺ˣµѪȴûеõһ˿
Ѫ̫ǿûһ˿
Ҷ̾ϢһջѪʣһ˻𺣿ռ䣬뵽һƬѩ磬һɹɱ̹ǵĺϯ
ѩȷǿڻ󣬵ȻҶ繹һ˿вܿ죬ѩֱҶ˺ˣ뵽֮С
ɳĮ󣬻ľ󣬶Ҷ̤˺ˡ
δ̫˰ɡ
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Ҷ˺һĻĻ뵽С
ܿ죬һ·ۣٶȲҶԴ¼ٶȣʵ˵·ͷ˵·ͷϿգһʵʵߴʮɣֵ챮
챮µڣֻʮţܽ棬
ԣɴŵӣͻޣΪ˷ǿߡ
Ǵڵʱ䳤УֻһˣڴԼ֡
޴½һ棬һǿߡǻʡ


824 ڣ£
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뵽УҶ緢Լеıﶼʧȥϵֻʵܿ顣
Ҷ绷ǰǿʱͻȻоΧĿռ䲨Ӱ֣Ʒ״Χ棬һ
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ɱһս޻ʾĿߣս߰һСţ̤˼ӲĿռڣηĽ뵽ؿռС
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ҶӵһŲ֮ģԽԽѵսսⲻûˣԽԽ¡
бڷ裬죬һնһս޻ʾĿߡ


825 ԽԽѵĿ
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ʯһ㣬ϥǿһս޻ʾߣҶ۾бŨŨս⣬̤ųصĲһǡ
Ҷ翿׾ʱͬʱ۾һǹƺҶ硣
һ̣Ƕ籡µĵƣ󿪴ϣ˱ڰĵâƳǶ˵壬նҶ硣
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ţҶ̤˲Ƕǰ֯Ľ֮ˢˢǶ˵塣
⵽ʵ׵Ŀ߽ޣֻ͵նҪҶˡ
д֣
Ƕ˺סʱҶƻǿе⣬ֻд֣ݺݵѹ壬ȫֵ

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֮ȫͷųʱҶĸ֪ΣտֻնĽݺύиſռ䣬˿ߴĹһˡ
͵ϮһʧܣٶȾ˵ĿܣҶ罫΢ʱƶٶ˲Խ
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ؿռĿߣҶֻնâſռ䣬ںɫռһĽۣ֮룬ͨؿռ俼顣
֪ؿռĿѶΣ
ҶһϥںɫռеϢָ׼ѵ״̬ؿռܿ顣
ͬʱս˵Ѿ뵽ɳĮؿռ䣬һ߳ףͭɫֳһظ˵ļս޻ʿ߼սһ
ͫѪԳѪȼա
սһʱ䣬㷢Լ޷ѹƿߣԥȼѪ֮˹춯صǿѹƿߡ
ʱҶƿ͵ĿռڣҲ뵽ؿռ䣬ͬǿ׳ֳ˫Ŀ߼սһ
ħѪȼգ
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е⣬⣬ص⣡
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ץס˵ʱҶ罫⣬ӵ£͵Ĺһ˿ϢĻᡣ
һֳˮĵ£ؿռĿ߱ҶӲˡ


826 ս
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ԣеֻһʵ츳죬ܴһؿռ俼ͺ˲ˣھɿռҲǹˡ
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绪Ӳ²һ㣬״̬ѵҶȺ뵽˵ڰ赿ռ䣬һƬҽС
޾ڻɫҽðſϵطŤҽľͷҶͻȻһ˫۾һ˫ͭһµ۾
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ǰ޴ͷҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
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Ҷǿֱͷصײһ𣬾˾޴ơ

ҶӲս񹥻ʱֿ죬ȵĻףҶ塣
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һǧһڽȭУһȭ˻ͷϣǿӲʮס
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սԽԽңؿռʱ޾İ׹ڰɴͷųӳɰ磬ĿĹâӳ۾


827 Сɰ
׹⣬ڰɿռôͻȻӳôǿİ׹⣬ѵ˴ɿռˡ
˵ڰؿռĻ᲻ˣ
ɣеֻһʵСжʮꣿôܴڰؿռ䡣
ŰɣؿռĿѶȲ˲ӦúܴܿӰؿռ
Ȼͬʱڿ飬Χ۵ȴһָоڰؿռ俼ˣпҶ㣬ɵ¶ڴ֮ɫ

弶ս޻ʾĻս񣬻ս˰ʱ͵Ĺѹơ
ۿҪܣɫ԰׵ȫȼ˽ͫԳѪ仯Գ֮˫ִأŭ𣬻ȣս۷壬Ӷűȭͷӭȥ
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ڻսһն֮ϣһʱеĵڶѪˣ˿µѪӰֵס˻һȫ˿µĻս
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ս⵽ѪӰصɳȥĻսȫ飬ǿ˴Ѻۡ
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գŴ۾Լֳڰɴ¶˲֮ɫСֹš
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뵽һͬڵҶ磬ûٻʵսھɿռ俼£һ磬ǣΧۡ
Ҷ粢ǰ㣬Ѿھؿռ䣬ʱȻս񣬻ս

ܲסս͵Ĺ˲Ҷʩչ˽һ⸲˲ƵѪ룬˲ɷ
أ
Ҷʩչ˲䣬ȼܻͷ󵶺ݺݵնҶϣ˴ĿĻ𻨣ȴδ塣
ħ
Ʒס󵶹Ҷ߱۳ħ˻ս˻
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Ҷ罫Ĵ󹥻£նþ߽
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ģȼգ
սϮҶȼģͷų޾ѪעУٴʵֱֶӭȥٴս


828 Ŀ
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սвʵ̫֮£Ҷֻð۳˵ɱ¾Ȧ˱ɱ¾֮ն˻ս
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ʱƣٴ֮ŭĻսˣĻսײݺύѺۡ
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ս֮ʣҶµĽ˲ںһһնһһɳĽâֿգŹɱ¾֮͵֮ٶȾ˵ն˻սؿϡ
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սѵĻսױһµĵɱ¾֮б塣
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ðɣԸҼźһңҲһˣ֪ܡҶɲƸ߸ϵ˵޶˵ζӣ¶һ˿ϷʵЦݣ⼥

Ϊǵĳ޴½ȨŮˣɲƺܹ裬ɫޱȣһǿɷɽ緢һ㣬ǻбˡ
ˣҶ΢΢һЦζ˵ʵҾӦøеҲŶԣϾҲ㲻ʲôɫܵõҵӦøе˲Ŷԡ
ҷģڻϡ
˵ţ߳ŭɲƼһƷȼı˫һһϮĿףҶ緢֮


834 ܴ
걮
ɲֱֳ˫ϮҶ缤Ѩλеǧ걮ӭȥ
µӲɲƷĹޱȣƷȼı˫
ǿ塣
о˫ķ֮ɲüͷһƣ¶ŨŨĳԾ֮ɫԾҶȭͷļӲ
̫ҽ
ɲƳԾ֮ʣҶ̤գӻһܣʮ֮ƷγޱߵĽ꣬ɲơ
ۿɲƱޱȵ̫ҽϯһɺ嫰ɲĻһ㣬ֵסҶ緢̫ҽꡣ
ƣ
ɲ³һ֣˲ʮ֮ƣ籼ڵĳˮҶ硣
ţʲô
оɲбĻ֮Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѹٽ˫ֽǰȫ
ʱߣǧȫһȭɲбӿĿ˹
ʵܲͨı£춼һ
ɲ۾˸֮ɫϵںڤڤгֵһǿڽڵʵ
գ֮䣬ɲƵʵﵽ弶ս޻۷壬Ҷ˼в
һ̣ɲзѳһɫӰЯޱߵɱ⣬Ҷ磬㷢𹥻
ѵǡǵ֮һ޷
ӲɫӰҶ緢֣һе֮µɫӰӦþر֮һ޷
ɲںϵпǱǵɲƿһ󾳽硣
ܣɿճ棬
ȻҶʵֶΣȫлɱɲƣش޷֪ڻǱ¶ֶΡƵʱ򣬽ܺɿճٻ˳ܱɿճɽ뿪
ʲôɱһһޡ
ͻȻֵĽܺɿճ棬ɲƴ
ӵɲǸȥͷų춯صĹҪݻٽܣɱɿճ档
ʮǸַĹȻ£ȴ޷ܼ᲻ɴݵ壬Ǹֹرɿճ档
ɿճ£ռƳȱڣһĻȫҶ磬Ҫشɲͫһɫ
ħ
Ҷû׶õ⣬ʩչһαħٻ˳ɲơ
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ħռɲ˫趯īĽնƥеն˺ħ
ҹâ˲䣬ռûҰеĹ⻪ҹâɡ
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ޱȵĺħɲնҹâնɣţںɲҶ緢
׹
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ˣռѿ߰ɣ
Ҷٶɲƾʱɿճҧ˿ռƣҶ紫
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ռƱƣҶûսһ޷սһսǬС
һ̣Ҷ̤׹һѵ磬ƳգԼٶȱڷȥ
ܣ
ƾʧɲüͷһ£Ѹٻ޷ȫ׷ɱҶ硣

ٶȿҶ磬ɲƽǵ뵽޷У޷˳ȥ
ں㹻޷޼ɱɱҶ硣
ۿҶ类޷ϣͻȻҶԼֵס޷Ĺ
üӲ壡
⵽޷ɲе𾪸Ũˣû뵽ܵ峬޷
ߣ
Ҷһɿճ棬սǬУɳ˽ȱڣ档
ܣ
ɲƿԼµ޵ҶƵ۾͸˯}˵Ĺâ׷ɱ˳ȥҶڵߡ
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Σ
˵ٶȣƿҶȭâɲ籡ľ֮⣬γΣҶ档
ȥɣ
ɹסҶ磬ɲֳ˫˽ҪҶ̴
ɱң㻹Զ
ɲƹ켣Ҷ΢΢һ˺˲ļ̣ŷޱȵ֮ܵɲ
һ̣Ҷ֣ݺݵĴɲͦԲƨɡ
ž
һİҶƴһƷɲƵ·̵ͦƨһͮͮİӡ

ʹ֮£ɲƷһ߳ܵƨĸоץŭ뽫ҶʬΡ
ȥ
⵽ܴɲƷˣһйҶ磬һ˸߹һ˵ĹֱӽҶ䵽ããɽС
Ҷ׹䵽ɽʱȴͻȻʧ
أôˡ
оҶϢʧŭɲͷǿĻʮȴҶʧˡ
ȥˣѵпռ
뵽ոƤӵʧһĻȫԡУ΢ɲٻǸ֣̺ʽѲҶ硣
κΣǬĴ̫죬Ǹֽɽ˸׳죬ûҳҶ
ҶھǸ޵ѵ¼ȴһ磬ǡ
Ǻ¶ϳɲĶˣѲҶ磬Ȼһ
ܿ죬ʱȥˣֵ÷ָֽƽ


835 Ǹ
԰Ƕľ¥һƬԴͦΣε
Ϊ԰ʢһҶƣǸϲʹ԰ܸߣÿȾƵﲻ
糾磬ҵˡ
һĸƤʤѩɫȹ£β̣ͦ貿һһЦֵŮӳ԰һ˫˫Ŀע£ߵ˿ߵһŹľһõӣ˵
õӲǱˣǻָԭαװǵҶ硣
𣿡
ƯҶеͲƱʵ
Ǹ󸱸Ҫ糾㣬лľ֪֮ʱ𣿡Ҷ棬ΪһɢҶƣ
ãҺҶƣͺȥǸ󣡡
ҶǻȽİҲͨǸ˽һ졣
лл糾硣
¶ʻŰ˵Цݣصȴ
ʮ̳Ҷƣ
ϲҶƣҶҪʮ̳սǬָУ֧˾Ǯĸ뿪ˡ
糾磬Ӧ·һ˰ɣ֪ûмǸھţʲôӡҶͨĲЩڴʵ
ûУҵ·ʱû·ر֮ˡҶҡҡͷ˵
ĺʲôľţͨȫ飬ӵǻǰȼ츳һݵ˵
ġ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƯ˵
ģ
۾һ
ģұ֤
Ҷ˵ͷӹɵ˵
ţҶλڶǣ޽Ĺɫ¥ſֻʯ룬һƬеĸԺ⡣
糾磬⸮ԺǸǵķֶ档
ָǰĹԺ鲻ö˵
ǿĽƣ
ǸƽƣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫĽƣԳԴʦ֮֡
Ǹ˼شۣķĲµģһǿ߶޷ƿĽܵҶ߽˽䱸ɭϵǸֶС
˳ȣҶ߽ĸԺУһ˵һߣ˺ܿһûʵĴ⡣
ҽ糾ˣ
߽ǽŴĴУṪһɫƳۣƤ𪣬ζ׿Խٸʩ
ã
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糾ллԬ
ɰذͦΣʮͨҶ磬Ǹ󸱸ǿ¶˳ζЦݣ˵
ȻҶɢϢǿǿȴĪеΣϢһֶź޵ĸо
֮Ͷѣ̫⡣Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
ǴǱñǿҡҡͷ˵糾֪ҪʲôֻҪУһ㡣
šɸҸǣİʱ䣬͸½ǰɡҶ˵
ô򵥣ǿʵ
˵ҪҶ˵ͷ˵
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ǿʾҶ£ΪһɫĲˮ˵˵ģвۺԴ׸󣬷ȵȡֶַϱĴÿһĴ˴˼䲢ͨ
֮ϣ翵׽֮·׵󣬾Ų׶֮УǼжŶ
Ҫʲô
ҶðΪ׽֮·Ųףʵ
ֻ֣Ҫӵ㹻Ļ֣ܽ򡣡ǿ˵ȡֲףÿһҲҪĻ֣˵ǣֱȼƷ꾧ãӵл֣ԶһκҪı
֪㣬Ҫٻ֣Ҷʵ
һҪʮ֣Ҫһ֣Ҫһǧ֣Ҫǧ֡ǿ㻺˵
Ǹȡֵİ취ЩҶʵ
䶷Ķ񣬱꾧ﶼȡ֣˻ֵļֵʹû꾧ֵ缫챦Ʒһܶһʮ֡ǿ
ֶһֵôߡҶüͷҪʱǲˡ
ѼƷһαżƷ쵤֪ɷæһɻ֣³֮ҿ͸ٷ֮Ӷ𡣡
Ҷ̫İҪǸ󾭹½һ֡
糾ҪЩ
Ҷȡıǿ˵ɴ˫ۣԾʵαϲ
ţ֪ЩԶһٻ֡Ҷ˵ͷʵ
һ㼫Ʒɶһ۸Ϊʮ֣Ʒ쵤ֵԵͣһŴԼɶһʮ֣αֵߣɶһ֣Щһ𣬴Լɶһһ֡
ɣҸʮ֣㽫ЩǸΣ
ǿԽҶ׼ıԽϲһҧ׼Լ£׳Ǹʵ
ãɽ
Ҷ붼û룬ʮʹشӦǿһʮ֡


836 
ҹԽԽ
췱ǹҹգǹ¹⽻ӳΪһɫɴ£ʥ߹
ҹ˾ʱҶίܾ˼Ǹ룬ǱˣֱǰλڶǺһ
֧ʮ֣Ҷ뵽һУһӵаҹǳٲȻһС硣
ôˣⱦ¥ôô֣
Ҷ֮ҹһҹʱȥһ¥һõĶ¥ʱȴȻʮֵ֡
ʵ׵ߣֳһµĻᣬһ߷һѡʺԼı
ҶɨһȦݻı¥ߵ˴˾µĻҲ
Ʒ
һ黭ᣬҶ緢ȤͰƷ嵤ġ
嵤ҶƬеõһֵȻƷԶԶʼҶƳ嵤ҩȫԽӿȪѨе飬
ƷҪٻ֣
ҶߵһɫźۣϹЦݵŮǰָͰƷʵ
Ҫʮ֣ƷҪһ֡
ŮӳҶ΢΢һЦʮıż۸
ãһˣ
ȻƷĶһ۸񳬳Ҷ󣬵Ϊ嵤ǾǶһ֣֧һʮ֡
ҶĴֱʣҲ˲˵ע⣬ӿǷ˼ر仯
һ걦Ҷûڱôת뿪ˣ̤źҹҵһɫĿջһǧ֣һľ᷿Ϣ
ˣ
Ҷոһ켶굤һ΢𣬴ҶУѡ
üͷҶ򿪷ʱһɫȹͿױɢŨŨŮվ⡣
ĺɫȹڽϵͣǲ׳ķͼӾɫĺҩһ㣬ɢ
Ҵ˰ɣ
ȻȹŮӼջ󣬵Ҷȴûмһ˿˵
ӣҹ㲻׼ҽȥҲоϲϡ
ȹŮ΢΢̣¶һĵĻȣĵ˵
˵꣬Ҷ˵ֱ߽У˴ߣĴһҶ磬ͻȻ쵽˱󣬽⿪ȹ
һ̣ɫȹϻ䣬䵽˽״¶ѩ׵ļ߸߳ĶǶӯӯһյԼֱ޳˫ȡ
ʲô
Ŷ˵·ŮӣҶüͷĸˣʵ
ӣҹįͲҷʲô𣿡
ŮӳҶһۣ

Ůӹ֮ʣҶǿĿ۾һâµǵͼ
ӣ㻹ڵʲôѵҲĶ𣿡
ŮӶԼòʮţһ˵ƣҶġ
ˣҪϷˣͬɡ
Ůȷʵ԰ʱѣˮ̣ȣòкܴĲ࣬ҶԲԣŷѾĻŮӣ˵
Ҷ绰䣬ŮɫˣҲʱ˽
ҶӣǸոڱ¥УҶֱʣ˴⣬Ҫթĺӡ
СӣôĹ·ͼ죬֪㷸ǵĳǹ棬˴ŲҾٱ㣬ִϳ㡣
أϸһ⳥ǽ¾ˡ
۽һ̺۵ĺ¶֮ɫǵĳǹ棬թҶ硣
թֶΣ˲ֹһΣ£ЧǴķջ
ǲթҵôαô𣿡Ҷ翴Ϸĺӣ¶ϷʵЦݣ˵
СӣȰùԹ򾪶ִߣԲ˶ߡ
ӿҶûһ˿⣬ʱŭˣ
˵𣿡
ҶԹԵĵһˮһСڣʵ
˵꣬Ҷ˫ˮǿĵ⣬γǧܵƣ᷿
㣬ʲô
Ҷֶּ᷿ΣᵽΣϢĺӶɫ䣬էйŮӸŵɪɪɫ԰ס
µ
Ҷ¶ЦݣޱȵĽ֮Ʒָ䣬ԼĶ˵Դ
ۣ
ʺѪڰн
˵ԴҶĽ֮ƶصصڵϣɥȪ
ɱˣҶͷ𣬽˵ʬճɻҽǵ
һʮ֣
Ҷ¶˵ЦݣԽҹջ⣬Ϣȴǰ׸


837 
峿һֺ籡
˴ҹҶ罫״̬ѣ뿪˿ջһֱ֣ǰ˶
ŨϢ
뵽Ҷ緢֣̺֮ܽԿ뵽壬ʵߣ̼䱻񱩵Կˡ
ҶȴԿȫϸҲЩԿϴ£ԽԽǿ
Ҷһתɻ̺Կ壬һͨ¥ģɣӳڽı¥ȥ
˺ö࣬Ҳš
߽¥Ҷ籦¥һʮֵ֣һѡʺԼıУвŵӣ˸ӵ弶ʵ
Ҷûֵı¥һ㶺˳Ĺľݣ¥߲㣬ȥ
ߵ¥⣬Ҷ类һɫȹƵţϹְҵЦݣھŮסˡ
ȹŮò;ʮ꣬ʮأھ磬ټϲ׵òȹŮڱ򣬾ܳƵ֮Ů
ȴĸԸڶһŵѾͷ׬ȡ֣ԴǺεȵˡ
ӣ¥ʯ߿룬֧һǧֽ룬ͭҪ֧ǧ֣֪ʲôȼߣȹŮЦݣ͵ʵ
ͭߡ
ҶʱõһöͭƣҪ뽫ͭƣΪߣҪ䶷ʤʮС
䶷ӵʮʤǿߣǾԵǿߣܲٶеԴʯ߸ǿеǿߣе׽֮·׵󣬾ŲףҲֻʸ
ӣͭҪ֧ǧֲܽ棬֪Ҫȥ𣿡
֪ҶֻͨͭߣȹŮûһ˿仯ʵ
ȥ
Ҷ˵ͷ֧ǧ֣ж׬ȡֵֶѡ
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Ҷɫ֧ǧ֣ȹŮϵЦݸŨˣ˽ƣҶһżУΪһɫ衣
ӣҪ𣿡
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ȻҶ֪ļֵԳϣ˿嵤֮һѪɿճãѪǿѪ֮ݴҶ绹֧˸߰Ļ֣뿪ˡ
ֹȻá
ҶϵĻֲٰʮ̾Ϣһ׼ȥ׸һʱ䣬ȥ䶷׬ȡ֡
׸еأ治Ũ̺Կٶȣܴϲ֮
ҶλڶһƬɫʯɽ֮ڣϿźƣʱ״оŲߵ׸⡣
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׸ϿյĺɫƣҶǿоƲʵڵģ۶ɵģɲϵף׸ṩ㹻
һżݣʱһ¡
߽ܼԿ׸ô˵
Ǹˣ
ôɫ΢΢̧ͷһİҶ磬䲻ȵʡ
ǣҶ
ǲ˼׸弶ϵݱǸˣֻ弶ί˵
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弶ݶҶòüͷ΢΢һ壬˵
׸Ĺأ޷ĺ͸ı䡣ǿӲ˵Ȱ²Ҫ¡
䣬Ҷ۾бĻ֮ƣע뵽˫У˲Ĵʶ
ţҶΪԼλ׸˵ľżݣ뵽棬ʼһʱıչء


838 ֪˭
żݹȻѵõ֮ء
˾żе󷨽ƣеʱŨھУ̺ŴԿҶƤ棬𻨡
ϥϣҶóһɢŨŨҩα̵˶Уһתɻʼ
ɻתٶԽԽ죬žżŨӿܿͷ۳һУԿӿ뵽塣
ܿ죬ʮʱȥˡ
Ҷȫڤ״̬ʱһɫ΢ݣһ˫۾ݽգӥǣ˸оܲǵӳҶڵľż⣬ɫޱȡ
ģ˭ôĵӣҰռҵľżݣǲǲˡ
żݱ˰ռıףŭ
٣Ҹոˣ׸Ҳ֪˵ݣ֪ôȥġ
ΪҶĨȥ׸ӵĶݼ䣬׸û֪ҶĴڡ
ֻҪǼҵ˾ͺðˡ¶֮ɫݽƣҵҪ˭ıӵҰռԴ
ǣ٣
ļĻӴ˸ԵƷǿйݽơ
䣡
⵽͵ĹҶڵı޴콫ڤ״̬Ҷ羪ѣΪջ
ʱɻ䱻˴ţͻƱԵʱţпܹһ񣬸п⵽߻ħ

Ҷ۾һݹ⣬ر˾żݽơ
һ̣â俪˽յĺͷͭţӴļ˽
Ҷİʱ׷ģһ˵СӣôĹ˽԰ռҵľżݣǲǻòͷˡ
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ӻ䣬ֻǰһҶͻȻǰƳϣǿֱӽһƳ˳ȥڰлһĻߣصײ˼Ӳǽϡ
ѪŶڵϣѪ߰ߡ

û뵽Ҷ絨ôһԲ˶ʱŭˣиֳµĻӰֳָԵƷʩչǿĻ꼼Ҷ磬Ҫش
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ȫϮĶˣҶһٵصָŶǧָâ˿Ƕ˷Ŀֲ
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ţָâǶؿϣƿ˷ǵ壬ɳȥ⵽ش
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ĿҶָƷһĻû꣬ͷð˴ĺ飬ɪɪʵ
֪˭
ҶĮؿŴӣɱȻ˵
ȵȣոЩᣬ²ҪүֻҪ·ŹңԻϴ񡣡
ʶҶֲʵɢɱĺˣԼݱҶʩѹ
Ҫ
˵ţҶָĽƣһ㶴ӵԴе
㣬㾹ɱ٣
Դ֮ƶɥȪһĻŴˣӲܿƶֵ˵
ɱҶĮȻؿǣԵ˵Ҳ±ţΪ𡣡
˵꣬Ҷֱ֮ƣٶȾ˵Ĺ˻Ӷˡ
֮䣬Ƕ˱ޱȵĽ֮ƶ壬ǧٿ׵ĵѪб
Ҷǿƻɱʱ׸ָ˹ǿ˵ʬʱȫɵۡ
ţһ׸ͷųǿƣҶ磬ҪסҴá
ҹҶĮؿʮ׸֣˵
󵨣вǣ
һͷѩף˫˸׹⣬һս޻ʾߴȺ˳ǳ
أ
䣬ҶѸ̤һȫѨλеȫӿȭС
һǣѹµȭâױȵƻɫİ׷ߡ
оҶһȭĿ£׷߱һһֻĻ޸ֳ壬Ѹٽ˫ƽǰֵҶȭâ
ȭǧµ籼ӿĳˮӿ˰׷УˣѪӿһƨڵϡ
òҪҴɱ䣬һڵġ
ҶĮؿһɴ˫ۣɫ׸֣ؾ
˵꣬Ҷһ˫˫ηĿע£뿪׸ֱǰ˶Ϊֵ䶷


839 ֤ʲô
ɱɱɱ
ҶУſȺѪȵ䶷ʱ̨ܿļź
һվλϣӶֱ˻źʮֵҡ
վڿ̨ϣҶӲϵɨ޴䶷̨Ѱ䶷Ŀꡣ
˭
ʱһףȫűը⣬ؿһֻͷֳһĹͷ󺺣һŽ߷ɣӶֱۣŰԵغ
̫ǿˣϹٺ̫ǿˣѾʮʤˣʤһʮʤˣʵ¶Ƕǿߡ
ǰڷͷʢʱսûʲô
ۼӵһĶĶ̫ˣҾӦһܲס޴ջսϹٺ硣
Ҳ䶷̨ϣŭɷĹͷӣ˱ʵ˽š
һĶ֣ˣ
˽Ҷ۾ʱ׹һһѵ磬ֱӷҲ䶷̨
˵׼˰ɣ˵ֵסĶ֣Ϲٺս
˵ʵδ̫˰ɣһս弶ʲô𡣡
ŷӵ䶷̨ϵҶ磬˴۾¶˳Цݡ
ٺСӣǴÿԣһսңŲŤ㲱ӡͷ˫ֻǰмؿҶ磬Ц˵
ǲǻ㣬ĶĻֶҵġҶӹͷӼ񣬵ʵ
ûɣ㻹ң֪˭ҵʵ
ͷһ˿ĴЦ̨ϵĹڣҲЦһʱ䣬ЩӺͻҡ
ķϻࡣҶЩͷ˵սģ˵ϻģֻұؾС
ģ֪СӣҷһŤĹͷ
ͷӱҶĻȫŭˣĿ¶׹ؿɱڡ
أҪóһעսϹٺ硣
ʱһ뿴̨һɫۣ߿˵
ãʮ֣ҳ
Ҷ翴һۺߣʮʹóʮֽжĶ
ˣ֮ĶĶԿʼˣ
߰Ҷһۣûзر֮
Сӣµɣ
ͷӱһֱۼ⼱ͣһֻŭʨӶصҶ硣
ۿҶ类Уһڼ̵ʱƶ˲ܵ˹ͷ
һ̣ż׳ģûӰƺݺݵ˹ͷӵĺϣƿһķ˳ȥ
ףȻշһס
ҶУûŸ̬Ĺżףʶĺߵ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫҶ˼ر仯
ɤΪϹٺź͵ҲȫˣŸոս棬Ϲٺˡ
ɱ㣡
ϹٺһֻŭʨѸڵƣ趯ƴҶ
µİӰ˺ſһֻƶɽ壬͡
żףƣ
Ϲٺ緢͹Ҷ粻ܣͷƻǿĹż׽ӭ
һϹٺӰȫż׽飬һײϵϣٴ˳ȥ
ģСôշס
ѪϹٺݺݵڵϣϣҲҲһ˿ţеֻǿ־壬ؿ־塣
ˣ
Ҷ罫żѹ£ָһ㣬ż׻һɫϹٺ硣
¡¡
ٴϹٺ类ż׺ɳ䶷̨ݺݵ䵽ϣ˹ȥ
ӮˣӮˣʤʮųϹٺ磡
Ҷ˲ʱ䣬ͻϹٺ磬Ҳ࿴̨ʱѻȸйڶż׵ƻһʱ˵
ټʮ֣ע˭ս
˹ͷӣҶûȥӴ˶Ķĳ룬ܴ˵
Ȼ㹻ڳÿһۺ죬ʶż׵ƻûһ˸ǰս

ͻȻ䶷У˰ɫϢ׵ĸ֣УһͦΣźɫ룬˫һս޻ʾӳɱؿҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ҵˣôˣѵг𣿡
ͻȻ˰ӣϳǵݣ۾окϷˡ
ҡãû˸ͻ֣
֪ӵݣҶֿ˻˵ټһ֣֡

Ҷ绰һ䣬һƬȻոհ䶷ը˹
ٶҲ
ɱٵףսһԾ䶷ϣóһʮĶ֣ɭȻ˵Сӣұ֤ϡ
֤֤ʲô𣿡ҶϷʵ˵

һŭǻбֳһƷȼĳǹƲҶ硣


840 ͷͯ
׹
һǹҶâһѵ磬ǰһţ
ǹ
ӷӦ죬ѸŤƮݵĴ˺󷽣Ҫ͸Ҷ硣
ž
ͻȻǰһһȼӡݺݵϣ޴Դһ߿Ѫ׷˳ȥ
ӰкʱҶһץסĽף͵طһƯıˤݺݵ˼Ӳĵϡ
ʱѪԴʳȾ
ȼѪ֮Ҷ縿ǿķʱҶٴηһƯĹˤӵϰˤһߡ
ţҶֹʼʩʹùˤشӵ壬ʮκ󣬻ѪԴҪһ㵹ѪУһˡ
ҿҲ̫뺷˰ɣֱӽһս޻ʸ֣˸һôô󡣡
ҵˣʣµǿ߿Ĳ
̨ϵĹĿɿڴոһսҶ缸̨˵ע˹
Ҷİ֣һ˭
ҶŹ׬ȡֵĻᣬӴ˶עƵؿˮĿ¶׹Ҹֵ
İ֣
Ȼҷǿߺ޲ýҶǧУո𺳵һĻǼʶҶĿ¡
ǾôߣƱɨأһʱ뵽֮С
ˣҪʱˣ£Ǿ߸һϰɣжˣҽ¶ˡɫ粻Ҹ֣Ҷ粻⼸㣬Ե˵
ˣһǷˣ
һսߴǿߣûɡ
һ磿һôǿ˾ʵҾߵˡ
ߣҪս߸
һ˫޻ףӥǣս޻ʾһջ˵
Ȼ֪߸ֻҶ磬Ҳ޴棬ﻢµûѡ񣬾ɱҶ磬Ѫϴˢ衣
ǲѵҪظڶ𣿡Ҷ⳰ˣҵʱܱ󣬲ҪʱˣǣһȥһȦֵ㶫
ҿ̫ˣȻҷԽԽ˼ˡ
˵˭Ϊʲôԭδ
Ҳһμһߣֽܿ촫򡣡
䣡
Ŷ˽ҲƲסŭóע֣Ծ䶷̨ҶŰΧ档
СӣһȫĹͷһſڵģ
׷ֳּƷĿɭȻؿҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
˵꣬˿ƸԵļƷʰΧ״Ҷ磬ҪսپѪĽѵ
˷Ĺһؽһأܲ͸磬ûз϶
籩еҶȴΪ޾⣬Źż׷壬˿񱼵Х˲˺ϮǿߵĹƽ塣
һ̣һɼȱĺӿҶ壬Լٶȶ˵˫š
գ֮䣬˫žͱˮסжܵ˼Ӱ졣
أ
ҶѸٺȭµȭâݿ޷ķǿؿڣǵعǣǴɳԶֱˤ䶷˱
Ѹײڶ֮ˣҶѸŤ壬̤׹ܿϮĹ䶷һǡ
ֻʣĸˡ
Ҷ翴ɫҷǿߣ˵
ȫҪ飡
û뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀ£գ֮شǿߣвһ˿ԥȼǿѪѪȫһ
ҪƴˣҶ翴Ѫˣ¶˼֮ɫƴ𣿡
˵ţҶٴν̤׹˷
󣡡
Ҷ˺ԥ֮ӵ£ʩչǿĵӭ
͵⻯ֻΡߴͷ񷣬̤󣬱ϮҶ磬Ҫ顣
þ߽ʴգ
ʮ֮ƺͻ֮籡Ҷ壬һɫհĹ⽣ЯﲻƵĽ˺˿ռ䣬һ㣬հնֻ
䣡
ʴֻ֮Ӵ
һ̣Ʋʴ֮նɫҸ֡
ĵʹѪ𣬰ս޻ʸڵҸ֣ȫʴ֮ն䶷˱
ҶһߣǿƻߴǿߵһĻ䶷߿þη
ٶһôһֻ֣Ƕ֣
Ҷ翴һ˵Ҹ֣ս
㣬̫
ͷߺεܹܴ裬ҪѪµ˵
ԣҾ̫ѵѵɣٶĵ㣬Ƕ֡ҲаҶ
ߣ
Ҷ罫Լͷͯӣץ񣬵Ҷʵֲ̫ûȡ裬뿪ˡ
˰ʮ֣ĶȻ׬ȡķʽϾܴչǧˣ
ҽǧ֣ǳɡ
ĿҸȥıӰҶ¶˵Цݣ΢΢һ뿪ֵ䶷ĸǰҡ


841 ۸
ңеƷ壬һս޻ʾ򣬼壬޴½˽ף񹬣ɭ޵ȳ˸ǡ
ǻˣ
һͷѩףɫ۵ҸУһĿ࣬۾һŻƤϣűɴȹ¶˿˿ŮӰĦǰ˵
ǸСץ𣿡Ҽ쳤۾һɫͳʵ
ûУǴ˻ġ˵˵ʵǿǳ˴
һȺ쳤͵Щջ˵ǹҡ
һṦ˺ۣ˲ϵ˺Уɫ۽Ǽ쳤磬һæľ˳Ҷµʵ
˵ʵʵʵһǿߡ
Ͻ쳤ɫøӵɭȻ˵
ǣ֣δܻҸҿ϶һʵһǿߡϵ˵ͷ˵
ܼңһ켶굤ȥͳ˵ѣ쳤˼һ£˵Ҫִ߶ԸҶ硣
ô鷳ǲҪץңԼˣ
һʧҸϿҶԺ;Ե˺ҸĽƣ̤һ
ɱүס
̤䲻Ҷ磬ϵȰ˵ɴ˫ۣû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬶Ҹ
㵨ĲСɱҶҸ֣ҶҫΪŮ۸
쳤Ѹٳڹ㳡ϣĿؿҶͨף˵
˵ˣһ۸ǵġҶ΢΢̣쳤ɭȻף˵һǧ֣뿪պҲ鷳

Ϲܼңս޻ʾĻŭһں籡壬һֻ󣬼̤գҶ硣
д֣
ܼʩչϮҶӡһţľˮ۳һֻ֣ױȵһ˲ӡɫܼҡ
䣡
д£ս޻ʾܼұݺݵҽݵĵزУѪѪܵ˳ֱ뵽С
е⣬㾹Ȼе⣡
쳤˵ɴ˫ۣŰԵƥҶ磬¶˲˼֮ɫ
еʮޣͬʱľˮ⣬ٽںһ𣬲е⡣
˵е֮ˣһǾ׵š
ҶһشܼҵһĻǵ飬ǲؿ־塣
Ҳ۸ǣɱ䣬һǧ֣뿪Ҷ翴쳤˲ϱ仯ɫ˵
ºʵһǧǲ̫ˡ
ʱһģӰͻȻ֣һƳۣһͷȣ΢΢Щͣͷˣ˻ɤ˵
̣쳤ĸս޻ʾɣʮ
ôҶ΢΢̣˵ɣܽһжˣ뿪պҲ鷳
ãһҲӲ£һǧ֣ϡɻǵ⣬˻ɤӵ
˵꣬͵иֳһֻӰʵڽ
ںޣȼѪ֮ɴﵽս޻ʼޣĻڣſ˵ˮơ
׼ˣҪˣ
оɲʵҶûһ˿仯ɫһѨеˡ
þ߽𣡡
Ҷֻǧٽʮ֮ƣе⽻һ𣬻һâնȥ
µĽʹÿռһؽۣҵնں˴͵ķĻϡ
꣡
ɴķĻܲסâˣǰĿռ䣬ǳһ˿ļ
µĽֱӺɫϣһ˳ȥѪܿƵ
һս޻ʾˡ
ڣǿϸһǧ˰ɡ
ҶӸµؿɫޱ䣬¶֮ɫ쳤ˣݿܵʵ
磬ȡһǧָ
ʶҶֲʵҲЩˣɣҶҵĿʵ
ǣ
ȫ쳤粻ټ֣Թȡһǧֿ͸Ҷ硣
ãҺҵĶԹˣסǲҪͼִ߶Ըң֪Բģҽˡ
һǧֿҶؾһ˺ҸϿյĽƣǿ뿪ˡ


842 ħ
ҹ¸߹ңӳ¹⣬ʣá
Ҷ֧һǧ֣ո̤ɸߣ·޽ƶ֮ееĴѶͻȻ
ѶʱڴѶ
ţǸˣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬뿪̤źҹ˸ովһսƵǸ󣬼أ߳ǿ㡣
׳ʲôˣʲôˡ
صǿԼȫ˵ˣҶʵ
ҲãҸǸĴУ
պף޵滨Žľ
´㣡
Ҷ翴ſ޺۾˵
Ǹ⵽ϮΪһֿҪΪġ
ǹؼʱ򣬾ִߣö˼пܱǿ°ߣǸҲ⵽صˡ
糾û뵽Ὣ㺰ʵǿݺܲ򵥣ִ߶ûѹ㻹ǲҪ˻ˮˡ
ǿ㲢֪Ҷʵ̾Ϣһ
׼ôɹⳡΣأ
Ҷ翴ǿ԰׵ףʵ
׼ߣȻһЩǵ˳⡣ǿһε˵
ɸ㽫׼ĻָңǸΣҰ
Ҷȱľǻ֣˵
糾²˵Ķ֡ǿҡҡͷѵȻֻ磬Ĺȴһս޻ʣһš
İɸҼȻҳ棬ȻʮİգҶ΢΢̣ŵЦݡ
⡭
ǿ˶һۣȻҶʵЩɡ
ϾãẦˣẦǸǲðա
ˣûѡˣҸоĻˣ
Ҷ翴ǿΪѵף΢΢һЦתԶա
ǿظоһϢ˺ڵҹգһɽǸ
ˣѵҪսǵĳǹ棿
ǿɫ䣬ĵĲӵǿң֮ž³ç֮ˣһսǳǹ棬вΪ̡֪
İɣһнңֻ׼־С
ǿ˲ҰףҵףҶ΢΢һЦ̬˵
ˣ
һâƳգиһһǸϿյĲƽƣҪԵĹƵ
ʱص籡Ҷ壬һ֮ӭȥƵ˾âĹ
šû뵽ǻ˰֣ٷľ֮¶һ˿֮ɫ˭ûãС˽ҴߣǸ͵űŰɡ
ôĿҶЦһ򿪽ƣ
ã
ǿԥһ£ǴǸصƽƣľ֮ŷɵǸǰԺС
ħħˣ
Ƴۣ̤ѥ۾ݹ⣬˼ΣոоӣҶĸ֪вصħüͷһ£µݡ
ովҵĹϢƮҶ磬ɭȻ˵
㵨Ϊ⹥Ǹǲ̫ǵĳǹˡҶ米˫֣ĮȻؿ˵
ǹʲôҲֻ֪֪ҿϵŮˣδӳҵġӰԵ˵Ӣ۾ͱŤĲӡ
һȶˡҶ΢΢̣ζ˵ҾվŤҲӡ

ŭ͵̤ǰһһֻ׳ֻ㣬ͨɫͨ򼸡ֳ壬幥Ҷ硣
޲̫ˣ
Ҷ羲վԭأż׷壬һסͨ򼣬ƻĻ塣
ס
ͫһŷĹżף¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
û뵽㾹ȻշһףҪˡ
˵ţͻȻ٣ʮ֮籡壬ɾ޽ƻ˵
һ̣ͨںһʵ˲䳬ޣֳαȼ¹֮һҶ硣
ʨ֮𣡡
ӾϮҶϰͻȻͣµ緢һʨͷʯӡ
ˣ
⵽Ҷ緢ʨ֮𹥻һȫѪҵطӦҲһ˿ٻ
һ̣ǰâһһ񲻿ɵĹ⽣Դܡ
ǿʵǿлҶ罻֯ĽâʱҶһ磬ͻȻǰһȭؿڣ˳ȥ
ŵŵţ
ʧصˣڵؽӡ
˵ͬʱѪѪ߰ߡ
ݽ֣ˡ


843 
ã糾羹Ȼˡ
ſѪ˵ӣö˵ɴ۾¶˼֮ɫ
صǿ㣬۾ҲҶչ¶ǿսҲܽǸΣ
ʵҲˣ
Ҷ翴źʮסӣؼ
ħ
ɫˮһסѪתǿħ׼ɱҶйޡ
ס֣ס֣
ͻȻһڵҹʮɫףֳ䲻ִ˹
ͳ죬ǸңͳΪѹˡ
˫磬ͦΣŨں룬ɢǿѹȸеͷӣɫ԰׵ǿȵ
ֹӣǸͳϵǳֹӿڴͳϣҪΪˡͳ쿴ͷӣ˵
⣡
ͳ̬ȣǿĿһ£ز
˵ˣҴҾǸ鷳
ӿżʱͳִߣüͷ΢΢һ壬סеԵ˵
ܣҲǡ
Ҷö˱̣ؾܾ
ͳ죬㿴˰ɣҲǸᣬ˲֪ôȰ㻹ǲҪٹˡĿؿҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ˣҪ˵Щûõķϻˣս㣬ȥ䶷Ļ֣֪Ӧս𣿡ҶЦһ
Ļ֣
üͷ΢΢һ壬۾ɱŨˡ
㲻ң͸ϿҹɣҪﶪۡҶ⼤ŭ
úãԸɱڵ˵
ȻǾ߰ɣڶһ䶷㣬ϣ㲻Ҫŵò
˵꣬Ҷ΢΢һһ磬˺˺ҹͨһȥ
ҷһ㡣
ĸ߰ӱȫŭˣŭһҶǰһ
˵糾Ӯ𣿡
ŶȥıӰЩŵʵҶսܣпܱɱ
ܣŷ糾һܻߣȥһΪ糾͡ҧ촽ӻ͸˶ҶΡ
ҹһ䶷ûаε䶷ֻ̨һ䶷̨ڽ䶷̨ϸֻȼˡ
䶷ҹ为˻˯ʱһ̶ƿĶУ͵۾
ţ۾һٶȼӰ䶷̨С
ÿٶȣ
ͻȻֵҶӣ䶷ҹ为ˣ˫޻׵¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽ҹ˾ʱҪ
Сӣұ֤һĹͷµĿɭȻؿҶ磬ɱڵ˵
ϻ˵˰֣ҺҶ𣿡ҶЦһ
˰֡
ҶĶעӵüͷȻȴûô֡
ҹҲҶ翪Ķעһ˰ֿܶһһƷˡ
ôҶģɫ粻ٳûд𸴵ӣҶļողǺţôͻȻưˡ
ֻٰʮ֡ŭҶ磬˵
ԭһû˼ҶƲƲ죬˵
αԵ֣ܻңˡȡһѿ̻Ŵƣشʮĺɫؽͳ˵
˵ֵ־ֵ֣ɱ㣬ϵһвҵˡҶ˵
ģ㵽սսӿ챻ˣͷϱһͷŭʨ
ˣôǾͶٰʮְɡ
Ҷ翴ŭڣͨ죬緢ŨŨɷӣ˵
һ˺㣡
ܴܵҧ˵ѾȲҪɱҶйˡ
İɣһң
λϣ׼ʮ֣֤Ҷ翴һҹˣ˵
ľˣЩʵ
Ȼ䶷䶷˻漰Ͼֻһһ˲ע
ˣ
Ҷͬʱ˵
ȻѾⳡֻһ˻䶷̨ߴ
䣡
߻䣬һɿµɱбһֻײеޣɱ죬˸εѡ
׼ʱҶϢҲ˱仯һʵ񽣣ޱȡ
ڴսһʱǿ㣬Լͳ˳䶷УۿǶ֮
ǿˣһģغӰֻϢַܸڰںһû˷Ĵڡ
ȣ
Ҷ˱һ֮ͬʱ籡壬ǽ֯ſµĽ֮սһ


844 ͻ
ʮɱ
˫ֽչؽ֯ǿĽ֮ƺ֮⣬նҶ磬Ҫһ
⵽ʮɱҶû㣬Ҳûмκεĵֿȭӭȥ
û뵽Ҷ˵ĿȻѪ֮ӭ۾еɱŨˣҪһֱۣϻ
ɤ۵ö˸ŵñ۾ҿȥ
أ
ƽĿĹâӳ˻谵䶷µ羪κˣϯܡ
ʲô
һҶϣһնϵĸоһǿķ֮͸ؽֱУֱЩ顣
ʨ֮𣡡
ӳԾ֮ʣҶٴͷųǿ籼Ϯĺˣߺӡ
ħ
Σʱ̣תǿħͷŹħ㼯ǰγ˼͵ϣʨ֮Ĺ
ȭ
ħϵʨ֮𹥻ʱҶ̤һʮ֮ڽȭУһȭħϣ飬ǿӽڽڰˡ
ħ֣
סѪӽħת£۳һֻħ֣ױȵѹȸУѹҶ硣
޼ɵʩչħħĺˡ
ħħ֣Ҷͫһʮ֮籡壬һ֮һħ֡
Ҷʵı¶Լ׾پܽɱ
Ѫȼգ
û뵽ҶսԼԥȼѪ֮ͨӰֳ塣
ʵǣħֵһħֲϵشѹҶ塣
䶷еĿϱѹܼڶ
˵Ĺ̫ǿˣȹ¿ȶս޻ˡ
һµħ֣ǿԽĽţ¿Ҷ粻бɱһĻ֡
֮ƣ죡
⵽ħֹҶûܣ֮죬ܼĽ³壬Ͻħ˺ѡ
š֮죡
üͷһƣû뵽ҶԽô״¶֮ɫ
еȭ
ؽƵһǼħ֣Ҷһٽӵ壬µе籼ӿĳˮڳ塣
Ҷʵ˶е⡣
һȭе⻯һˮ״СȭâҷѤĹβԵƥԲһ̬ӡ
ؽն
еȭϢоûֳʮصĹؽȫնȥ
䣡
󹥻ײһ˾춯صı䶷̨еĿҵط
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㲻Ѫħʹ콣У˵Ľֱƿؿڶˡ

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סˣҪʱ۾һڣһֻźݺݵزϣǿֱӽԴȽ˵زУѪˮ˳߿ʳ˹ȥ
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Ҷ̾ϢһѪħʹͷźʬճɻҽȻҶ罫ȸѹõӰɱսǬѹˡ


850 ѪεϢ
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ϥ䣬ĿĴɲ˽ܻеĴѶͻȻѶдϢʱ۾¶֮ɫ
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˼һᣬɲ˽ܴҴ뿪ңҵ˳ɲƣոշ¸
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Ǳ÷ণ䱸ɭʱɱѪħʹѹӰɱֵҶ磬ƻ֮仯òĻصǣС
һӣһƬһ԰У羰续ļ紺ֺϲסһ֮ء
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ƷѪħαѪ÷αؽαʮһţƷ꾧š
ףǡˮƻʼˮ
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Ҷ粢żΪΪͭߣҲ޷еԴ
׼ɰʤսΪʯߣٽ֮Уս׽֮·ŲףĥԼս޻ʡ
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ɲǸŮ˿ɲСǸڹҩ԰ժ˹ҩ԰еϹݣҲ޷Ŵ
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Ȼҩ԰ΣأҶ绹ǾȥһˣժȡѪΡ
ҩ԰ѪΣ仺ѪεľԳˣҩмƳƷʼ
ԼһʱҶǻʵԼ뿪ֱ̣ǰǧ¥ȥҩ԰ժϹҩ


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оɢĽ⣬ҶҲɶ࿴ۡ
Խʮǿڰ˵İԽôǧ¥񡣡
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ԶԶŴشֻ˼޵ĻŮӣҶ۾ʱ
ս޻Խɱֻ˼ޣѵʮǿ֮һĻꡣԽսԽ£粽֮ĻŮӣҶµݡ
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Ŀһһֻ˼޺ڹһĻҶҲɵóԾĹ
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852 ꣬Խ
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ΰİԽ̤ڰУڻƻ£ĿϢĸŵӣ
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ʯɽУһǵӴڴŴѸϥڵϣָĵĻ
ͻȻһԵƥĽâգϢնվڱԵҶ硣
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ʮǿ֮һԽȻпʱ
ǰӵ޺ԣԽעΪһǿߡ
ŰԽ޺ͷŵŸеѹѡ

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һ̣Ҷ꺣й޾Ѫ⣬죬ɢž°ƵѪʸֳҶԺգŰԽŭ
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ԽƿɽˣҶ̤շԾµĽ֮˺˱̹ǵ̶ˮ׷뵽ϹŽУһͨˮɫҫˮ֮⣬軹ʮűϹ黨
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ȻѪϹŽС
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Ҷͽ֣ܳڰħʹͫһŷȫץѪһ㣬¶Űͷ棬̺ǿԵѪΡ
ԡںڹеĽٶȸ죬Ѹٱƽˣֳֵ콣ϵնһ˺յľâնˣǰĿռ䣬˵ĹӲ˱ˡ
ţʮݵѪΣҾͲЦˡ
Ҷ̤׹ѪԣͷŽ֮иѪֵܷںڰħʹĿע£ѪսǬС


866 ɱǿ
ѪΣϷһҡ
ѸٷһαָĵĻضҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ѪαҶߣҪѪ
ƾ𣿡ҶЦһм˵ȰǻǿԼĴܻܲ뿪İɡ
ûв´ǵ˰ɡ
ɫۣƤڵĺħʹĿݵؿҶˣ˵
ѵǱɣҶһ˵
ħˣϷǳɲƹϵħǺϵȰǻǽѪλǣҪΪһϹݣѡԱݣɲƸҶʩѹ
ħʲôôûҶһЦ˵һǵĹ𣿡
㿴ʲô
ɫ࣬˫ĿߴǬָóһöҶ翴
󵨣ǾҲкǸ֣öԻңҶǣΪȥǸֱ𡣡
ſеҶɫɱȻĺǳ
ģҼɲƣÿġ
˿ҶǵĻķζըˣԡںڹеĽв̫ǲ֣뿪
ߣɱǸ֣һ֮𣿡Ҷ΢΢̣´˱ɱܣȫɱڰħʹ
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ӵҶһǿɱڽбɱ֮ǿΪ֮ɫϹŽгɱиǧٿס
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ںʮƷ쾧Ʒ꾧Ľٶ̫죬գ֮סǣֳֵ콣ڰħʹĹ
ħӡħӡ
ϮڰħʹԥƸԵĵ˽ܣҪ֮ˡ
ħӡܲܣ᲻ɴݵӲħӡͬʱնһһ޻ڵĽâ˶ˡ
âĿռ䣬һеĹ·һâΪصΨһڰħʹŨŨвǲֻܡ
ڰħʹΣգ߾Ƶɱͼæ
ʱһ̶ƿҶ̤׹һǧײ
䣡
Ҷ罻֯͵˫ȭݺݵش˹ɱͼϣͬˮĵسŹɱͼÿϾڰħʹ

û뵽ս޻ʾҶ絨ҹԼƹɱͼ֯ƣɱҶ磬Ҫɱ
ɱ󣬷ӡգ
߽ƷʯԼɳҶ壬˽һﷶΧڰ죬˰ɱ󣬽ԼͿ˰ɱС
ôɱϷ򣿡
ɱ輫ߵĿ߲ţݵֳͬ죬һɱ󣬹˰ɱ
䣡
󹥻һγװը죬ÿռҡ޾糱ˮӿײϵػſռ䡣
Ҷԣ᲻ɴݵĽȴѹԵƣѹס˺ڰħʹĹơ
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ڰħʹƺڰħӡֽܵĺڹ⣬ʵʱ۾һɣһ
û뵽Ҷ磬ɽǳ׷ǷҲˡ
ҪսȫͻΧȥ
ֵס͵Ĺƣħʹϴ
ˣô죡ħʹ
ǵĴѾ˲϶ˣֻʵӳɡ
˵꣬ڰħʹͬʱ˺ڰħӡͷųħ⣬ȫնĽܣֵ֮ס˽ܽ֯һӰ
Ѫݣ
ڰħʹбһŨŨѪǲϧ壬ȼ˴ѪѪ⣬ϹŽȥ
ڰħʹʩչѪܣκʩչѪݵٶ̫죬ǿȽܷɳ˽Ѻۣӳ졣
ܣҪ׷ˣסƣҪˣ
ҶǿоڰħʹӳϹŽƣûý׷ɱ˽Ѻ۴˿ߵ·
һ̣Ҷȫٿذɱ󹥻۵Ĺɱ󣬲УԲ͸߶󷨵
սķչ컯Ϊ˷ɻңǶȫ󷨵ݻУܵĲٿŸԵĴ󣬼ҵĶԺ䡣
һ飬۵Ĵϵ½µϵسǶˣǵ塣
Ҷ忰Ʒһɹɻ˺СԿߵ˺ϵļƷսȫˡ
ۿ֧Ųסһ۾͸˾Ȼ֮ɫ˽ʣһٶ죬֯糱ˮƣɱҶ硣
ǧϮҶͬʣµ죬һ
޾ƼҶԳ⣬ۿҶͷŵƱҶ·Űʮ֮ƣ˺ܼƣƼأĿߡ
ͣ
һѪ罦񲻿ɵĽ궴˿ߵԴꡣ
գӮ󷨵ıƴȴ


867 ģҲḺ
û뵽˶󷨵ôԶʤ˴󷨱ƴҿѰˣ
Դ궴ѪɥȪĿߣҶҲɵ󷨵裬ͨ󷨱ƴǳ
˿ɱͼԼǬָҶ罫ˣȻӴʬԣֵߵʬսǬС
˳ժѪΣҶû뿪ϹŽƵĺ󷽣ϢĳѨУһСɢŨŨʮճ顣
ڵʱ³ʮ˰ɡ
ض飬ҶĴϲȡǬƿȡ
ֻһʮ۱ȴ飬׼ʣµأΪ˵Ƶ
ƵһϹŽзһЩʮ飬ӦöָƣӶа
Ҷ뵽ǬУӣʹĥȥӶƵ˵
飡
Ҷ˵ɫ԰ףûһ˿ѪɫƵƯĴ۾͸˾ϲ֮ɫ˵ٴȥǸطҪˡ
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Ҷ˵ͷƵԣ뿪Ǭԡ
ǳʮ飬оˡƵ˵Ҷ磬Ϊ˸õЩ飬Ҫѵ·ˣ˵ʱ㲻׼׼͵Ȼһָһۡ
ĺˣҿҲῴġ
ҶƲƲ죬ƵĿע£ת뿪ˡ
ɶļһһָƣһ˺죬ҡƵĸۣ߳ŭĬš
ԶԶ߿ˣҶϹŽƱԵػѺۣߵǬָ˳Եƿ˽ƣͷŻ͸˽ȥ
ȻǬָһųʮݵϹҶڿзһѪɫ̺ǿѪ֮ݳʮѪ
ѪҶ绹зĴʮα켶굤һ󷨸Ҫʮ켶ݣżƷʯԼĻ꾧
Ҷ罫Ŵֱ͸ɱ¾֮͸ɽʯľѪ͸ɿճ棬ĬĬصϢ״̬
״̬ʱǿųǿѪ֮Ѫ̵˶УħѪƷʡ
ʱһȥҶʱںϣݳʮѪҶȫȫڽħѪУħѪƷ
һȼգ˲ǿҲõС
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Ҷ˵ʵõ̶ͬȵʱһʹѪͻȻ𣬴˼ž
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ǰ󣬵ͦεķͣȫ¶ڿУ΢΢ѩ˫ȣһϢķʽҶġ
ҶϾǰѸƵߣ⻬ӱҪóһݸι£
ʱҶ羪ķ֣Ƶڼ˵ֿ֮ٵػָˣָ֮֮ʣȫѵľԼٶˡ
Ҷ羪Ƶ仯ʱеƵͻȻ۾
һ̣ĿԣһҶĤļƵз
åڸʲôɱ㣡
ƵҶӣʱˣ޷Ƶŭ˻С
ᣬһᣡ
ƵɢŵҶϽſ⻬ӣ̤ܡ
ᣬÿĶˣҲ˰ɣ㻹˵ᡣƵܻɱ޳ܵСˡ
ҳҿӣûҶһܣһ߽͵ɲҪԩˣû
ԩˡƵŭ˵ץУҽƱ磬ҳԼˣɱ㡣
ո֮ˣΪΣգ͸˹ݾ㣬˭֪˵ĹŹ֡Ҷ粻ϵؽ͵ܣҲð㡣
ҶҲȤôҶ翴Ƶ¶ڿУķ˵

ҶŭĵƵͻȻ뵽Լû·ٴη˻УѸ·ס覴õӣһֻŭСҰèٴҶ
գҶ类߳ŭƵʮƣ˶ʮţһδνͣƽϢеŭ
ƵǲǵģҿӣһŶ㸺𣿡Ҷ翴ɫƵ˵ʵɲصģҲḺġ



868 
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ҶͺһԲƵؽƷ϶нһʱ䣬˲ٹһߣʮָӣſֲƵɽͷ
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ҶüͷؿŲԶϹŽƣ˵
⻹˵ѵ֪жƵ͸Ҷһİۣ˵Ȼշ¹ڻ
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ɱɰ˼ޣɿճŽ֮⹥ĥŷݣٵɡ
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Ҷԥܾ
㣬޳ܵСˣѵӲˡƵܻ˵

ιιƵɲҪ˵ʲôӲˣ᲻ҸʲôҡҶ糤ͣ߳ŭƵµǾ㣬Ҫַ㡣
ߣҳ˴⳥ңҺûꡣƵһĵ˵
̣⳥𣿡ҶˣЦ˵
Уժ޾ˣûУͽֻɿճҡƵҧ˵

Ҷ̾ϢһûپȥĵصȴɿճصĿռơ
Լһʱ䣬ɿճ治ϧ£صĽڱɿճɴһ󶴡
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ҲϢ˵شǧʱģÿһ辣ÿһƬҶ̺֮ıֵԶԶʥ
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Ȼˣ˲ٷܵĴֵ֮ͬɹ
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ߣǲҷµƵһ
УҲø㡣Ҷҡҡͷ˵
ǺãǱƴµ⣬˭Ӯ˭Ƶĥڵ
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˵ţ޾ǹƵй㼯һž޴ǳռӳյ硣
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Ҷ磬仹üȻ顣ҶԾģƵ԰˵
ʤң㻹Զ
Ҷһе⣬⣬ص籡壬ͷ㼯γ˱Ϯĵ֮ӣ
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Ҷͷţﵽ쾳ںϵ⣬ƵҲ¶һ˿֮ɫһžʮ֮ƵǳƳգײҶ磬Ҷٿصںϵһ
䣡
޾ĵ֮ڰţײһγޱߵľͷˣŤա
ҶںϵǿƵԵµ֮˷ˣϵ˺ŵⳤӣҶ˾޴ѹ
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ۿⳤӱ˺ѣʮ֮籡Ҷ壬˵֮ն˵ǳֵסǳĹ
ҵҪ㻹ֶܼá
Ƶ΢΢̣ʮ֮籡塣
֮죬֮ƾ죬Ŷ󣬶ԵôôҶ翴Ƶ֮򣬶ʱɫ
ҶҪ֮ƽеֵʱһǿͻȻſɳɳֱ졣
һ̣иֳһǿĲ꣬Ƕ˵ĵƴ


869 ʬ
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۾͸˵ɫٴУ˵ԶҶˣ˵
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СΪϷ򲻸ѹ㣿
ƵҪ󣬲겪ȻŭһǿͷųŤռĴ֡
ǰ˵ǻʵĺˣ֪ɷ͸ҡƵɨһҶ磬͸¶Լ֮ա
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ܵʬ壡ҶͫһԽоҩ԰Ŵܡ
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ţǡܵʬ塣
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ΪʵԵʣƵʮֵҪ޷ᡣ
˵ͷ˵ʬӲȿʥΪ̣ǻʵʥ鶼޷壬ݻ٣Ҳѹʵ޷ٵ
ǰпռ䱦أԽʬƵռ챦УϹ޷ںϡ
뵽ҶƿصǬƵʵ
ռ챦пռ챦Ծ˵
ռ챦ȱѵһοֿɴСɱ仯̬Ŀռ䱦
ûпռ䱦С
ƵָϥԣԲ͸Ҷ磬֪
СֵҪ֪ʬǺģ䵽Ļ֮ϣпʡ˵

ƵȻҶ˽ޣԼӻ⣬ƵǱʶȴоҶֵοƵ־ڱصã޷ᡣ
ðɣֵпռ챦Խʬߣ͸ˡ˼һ£˵
ǰԵȣʬ塣
꽻ƵߵҶߣŮҶһţĶ򣬺˵
ʲô£
ҶƤƵһۣ˹ʵ
ҽѹʬսռ䱦УҵðһʹƵ
ƵĴҶЦˣЦã˵ҡ


870 Ϲ
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫ֪ô֪ʬļֵͣҽ͸㶼Ǳˣοһԭҷµ
Ҷ¶ĻЦݣƵ޵ֱҧгݵĴ
Ƶ˵̬𣿡ҶЦʵ
㡭㵽״𲻴Ӧ
Ҷ磬Ƶ޲ǰҧڡ
Ƶ£Ǿ㣬㲻ҪʶġУҶݰͰ͵ӲȤ㲻Ҫ顣ҰæǲԣҪشҼ⣬̸ҶһԶƵģ˵
㡭
Ƶ챻ҶѪˣҶǸݰͰ͡ıβ̲סеŭ𵱳쭡
Ϊ˵õǿѹסĵŭ𣬴ʵ֪Щʲô
֪Ϲҩ԰ܣôģʬôҶ紫ʵ
ʵ⣬ǣǻһĴܣˡ޷ش㡣Ƶһھܾ
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㣡ӮˣƵҧ˵ҿԻش⣬뷢ģ׼˵ȥҲ׼ٸ̸֪Ϲҩ԰ܣҽʬߣȻȥժޡ
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ʮǰ޴½󳬼֮һǻ潨Ϲǹһǡ
彨ˣͼ崫У޴½Ϊ˷ıǻԳ֣ɱǵܣʬصǹС
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˵꣬ҶƵʼڵϿһܵƣ׼סϹ飬һٽ


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Ҳϲǰ󰼣ĲһͿĹҶ翴鼤ƵƲƲ˵
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879 ɱ֮

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882 Ůϻ
߰ɣҩ԰еϹŽƱ췣ƻأǼѰϹҩɣҲ벻ջ񡣡
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ϣ֪ҩ԰УﻹժϹҩҶ翴ű仯ΣߴվƵߵĺϣʵ
ʮУкֽܶҩ԰ժϹҩҩ԰еϹҩʣ޼˵߰ɣҴȥطûϹҩǹҩ԰ϹҩӦþͱժˡ
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һ޼ѱҩ԰ֻҵϹݣϹݣҶ缫Ҫ
ֱƻʼǱݣһ˶ʮĽβݡ
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оҶ͸ĵ֮ԽԽǿһƵҲˣոͻƵ弶ս޻ʾ绹ȣס̷ŵĳ嶯ڽƬɽˮ֮УȻ仯̺Ĵ⾳
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ǺôģѵԵʩչʽϤ֪Щʽ㣿
Ŀǰս̨ϲ˱Ҷ羪ֶξˡ
СˣֵҶȫ
ƣ۾һɳءĵͷų۳һŵӰ
졣
оͷŵĵ֮ƣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽Ȼ̶ȡ
ֻܶѣˡ
Ҷ粻ı¶ʵ΢΢һ˵
ɣ
Ҷ絨ҿһʮ֮ڽŵУҶ緢һս
صĹﵽֲĳ̶ȣҶ練Ӧ죬̤λӰܿŵıɱһ
ţҶ걬ˣشһҽԺУǿҵѣθУӲĹơ
ƣ
Ҷһ̤ǧӿȭͷǿĹݺݵӡؿϡ
ۣ
ƣǿ糱ˮӿУ壬ؿڣѪ
ˣȻҴˡ
찡ǺҸòܻܵɡ
ĿõҶѪ˵һĻ̨ϵĹڱȫˣոջӲѵ䶷ʱ
㣬㶯õʲô
ָѵĵصؿڣԾʵ
ңҾ͸㡣
츳ܸߣ쾳磬պĥ£չҶ綼˰֮ģҪշ
룡
ĸ߰ĵһصٿŵУʩչɱйҶ硣
Ҷ練Ӧ죬΢΢һ֯ٶȲӰŵ£ͻȻƽ˵ʩչѣꡣ
ȻзҶǿ̫࣬ѣޱȣشѣ£һٴγصѣθС
ˣ
Ҷװ֮ݺݵغڵصؿϡ
ۣ
ѪߵķݣڰлһĻߣˤ˱䳡˱
ӮˣǺӮˣʯߵ
йŹ֣ûиоõ֮ιĴˣŴܡ
̨ϲ֣˷˶ɣҶ΢ı仯
㣬㵽׶õʲô
Ѫˤ̨ĵǱŻҶ磬һ顣
˵ˣңҾ͸㡣Ҷ米˫֣Ѫĵ
Ҳ᳼κˣ㶫޲TҺҲֻǺϵĸĵһξܾ
Ҳһ죬ڽյľʲô˶ʸ񳼷ҡҶؿһ۵һ仰ת뿪ˡ
ܵҶ䶷״ˣ䶷ȷ涨ܰʤʯߣֱӻʮʤ֣ټ䶷ֱ֣䣬ӵ˵ھʮʤ֡
ʱȥˣ
о޲TưոݣҶ粻ͻ뿪򣬻ǧ֣뵽߿ռ䣬ӵǿգ޴½Ϊ֮ۺС


899 رϢ
þߵȼĿռ䣬Կ°빦
УҶʱоһɾ̺ƷʻŨȣﵽҺĳ̶ȡ
˸ǿգ̫ʵڵģƷܵƻ㼯ɵġ
гӵ޾µƣ̣¥ջ׸ӦоУÿ͸ŹӲɣ֮Ȼ¡
ֱɾĽֵϣҶ緢е٣ʵǿ벽ս޻ʸֶټһɫķǿߡ
д󲿷ַǿߵͶ󣬷ŵ磬ǸܳţпܳΪʥδļ̳ˡ
ܽôԴǺεȷḻκΪ֮ۺ졣
ţҶ緢һ޽ڻ԰У͸Ź֮Сˮľ¥ھ¥ŵϷһڽɫңɷдĸɫ֡绨ѩ¡
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Ҷͷɨһ£¥ӵвʵߣ̧˽ȥ׼Ϣ£̽Ϣ
ӣ֪ҪЩʲô
Ҷո£һɫɴȹͿױƤ𪣬ɫ׵ŮŻĲ˵˹ʵ
š͵ζɡ
ҶӹȹŮӵĲ˵ٷһ飬˼ֵǧֵ⿶ɵʳ
ԵƬ̣Ͼ
ȹŮΪҶ絹һ裬ȥ׼ȥˡ
һòʵŮӣڱ֮Ůһ׷߲ȴֻʵ߰£һ˲ˮŮ
ŰȹŮȥıӰҶҡҡͷš
һṦɢŨŨԵζ
ʵʳҶѾ󣬵ƷζζҶ绹Ǹеʳ
ƷζŻζζҶ罫ͷ˳ȥ绨ѩ¥˵ĶԻס
ţһҪϢҶע⡣
ۣ˴ᶼʲôر𣿡
һȹӹյ쳣ˣ̴ŮӺȸ˱еҾƣʵ
˴رǺܶ࣬ѹᱦȴ㹻ˣѹ֮ļ۸»Ὺļ۸¼
ݵĿȵɨŷŮǰĲΣЦ˵
ѹᱦﵽʲô
۵Ļ˷ŮӵȤʵ
㣬׼θлң¶ŻЦʵ
ۣСӲ˯𣿸ѹ֮һŮ¶˷ŵЦݣ˵
ãһΪ۾һҶ෽֤˴ѹᱦһļƷ
Ʒһŵ˵ɣǻóƷǹغǵĴС
˵ǼƷóģǸûдֱؿŷ͸˵ڣҽǧϢ㣬ǲӦгŵˡ
ۣҪ֪ƭңһ㡣ĴƳһۣ
˵꣬ŵЦ˷ķֻʿˮ
Ʒ˴ȴУ
˶Ի뵽ףҶҲһ˿֮ɫϾƷҲĴУײ⴫
ѵ⼫Ʒͽһһı
ͻȻҶ뵽ɵطʱĳ뵽ħĹϵҶԺн˳һЩҪϢ
ӵԣħİ֣ϿֵܳļƷŨȤ
ۺͷ뿪󣬻֪ҪϢҶûоô֧ǧ֣뿪˷绨ѩ¥ֱһ
ղصıֵԶԶطƷͼƷ
ҶһòŮͬ£ѡһʱ䣬֣һֵƵݣһ漫Ʒ죬ƿˮ
һݣһ嵤Ļ٣Ҷֻܿ¯ˡ
һƳ嵤Ҷܽؾ磬ӿȪѨеɱ鵤һ
һ걦Ҷҵһ޽ںϱߣʮľĿջסһ价µ᷿ܾһŮĬĬصϢȴᡣ
һٽ׵չصĶŷ׷׳أƽʱĽֵҲ֡
ڣеʢῪʼˡ
һո·Ҷ̤ųأ뿪˿ջǰλڳģ޽Ĺ׳һǿе᳡


900 ʮǿ
ö֣
Ҷǰ᳡;У˺ܶ츳ʵ׿Ⱥŵӡ
УһۣͦΣںڳɢ˫磬ü߼ҫŴĿǹ⣬ս޻۷徳Ӹע⡣
ȻӿʵҶ翴ĵһۣǴϸоŨŨΣոо
ţԽ꣡
Ҷߵ״᳡ʱ°ܽʮǿ֮һİԽͻꡣ
Ȼһʱδʵ٣Ҷոռȣмʵࡣ
Ҷ²⣬ո˿ǰŵӡ
ˣ
Ҷóƣŵ׼ڽе᳡ʱһ̶ĽƳգڿռ𵴣òʵõ߶Ĥ΢ģ۲ѡ
һ̣һɫۣƤ𪣬Ũ룬ѱоӽ̤һɽʮķ˹
쿴ǧʮǿ֮׵ǧ
һδǧøǿˣ֪ڵɳ˺εȳ̶ȡ
һǰԽ弶ս޻ʣ񾭹һǱޣӦܻɱ弶ս޻ʸ˰ɡ
Ӽֱӷɽ᳡ӣ᳡ĸŵ۷׷ףвò츳Ůӣ¶˰Ľ֮ɫ
ԭʮǿ֮׵ǧ
ŷɽ᳡ǧҶ۾һ˿ս⣬ŵ߽װ޼ݻǽŴƬϢص᳡С
Ȼ̫̣֮ܶ࣬꣬ųɾŵûô֣ʸμŵӲࡣ
Ҷһ˵ĵطٻ˳ǧȫȺ˰뻷ΣƮŵǽϵ׺;ʯâ᳡
˷ֱҵ۵ĵط£صȴĿʼ
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Ҷɨ᳡еŵʱһװ
һĿߴȫŨڵĺëһֻιޣ첲źɫƣɱŨҵ̤ųصĲڻ᳡С
ÿ̤һõ̺η
ˣ˴ᣬʮǿ߼Ҫˣ֪еλ᲻ᷢϵı仯
ÿλᷢϵı仯ǰӦò̫ı仯
˵˵Ǳ˼£ΪƾҲ˴λ벻仯
ſߴɢǿѹȸУһǧƾλõ᳡ĸŵӾۼһСš
ƾ
˵ۣҶ֪˵׿Ⱥݣڶƾ
ǰǧƾǿҲȺǰ
ǿۣÿһελ⣬ֻʢǵȤ
ȻҲˡ
Ҷ罫ĿǿջĿȴʱоܸĵҲ᳡
ǾԵߣУȴʧȥŵʱԶԶһ۱ĿҶ磬ƫԶĽϡ
ʱƣʸμĸֻ룬յŻعرˣһǿĽ᳡᳡еĹ߱ǿҡ
ӭǰμӴ˴ᣬҽаģǴ˴ʦ
һԲε̨ӵ̨վһͿױɫ޳ȹɢųζŮӡ
ĳȹǰ͹µ罿е쾡£ھʯ֮ӳ£͸¶Źŵ֮
ȻŮһ֣ʱڳԵĿ⣬òʣ˵˵̬޷ˮȡ
۹ǣˮ޿ޡ
˴ᣬһΪλ׼ʮȻ࣬ǾƷǸ֣ڹҩ԰ժϹݡ
ڴ˴ѹᱦλѾͨˣҲʲôˣһƷᡣ
һ˫˫ȵˢˢͶԼϹЦݸŨˣöĽܵ
ĹƷͬСɣǼǼƷα𣿡ڵһţɫ°ǧʵ
ǧѹᱦα˻ɣڳŵӶ˻ɡ
ϾƷغĴУƷطѾ
ǧӷģǼƷϳԼûκ⣬λԷľġ
Ϊ˴˵Ĺǣİɲģö˵
ȻƷɲļеĻɣƷȴУԻĳָۣ
ˣ˴ʽʼ
û˹ǣĦȭƣûٵʱ䣬öһ±ɫ̨


901 ѹ֮
Ϊ׼ĵһһǸ֣һżУһõαȼ˵ѹŵѹŵһƷ
ļʮ֣λԾˡ
ĴǬָó·Ƕž޴ʯƷʲαŵ
׵αŵ
еŵҶƷʼߣʱԶҶ޽ѹŵּãûýܳ۾ġ
ҶŵȤԼʮǿĵħȴ׹ŵŨȤϵؼӼ۾ġ
ʹŵļ۸ڽܿһǧ֣󳬳ļ۸
գָԣĵħǧ֣Ӳѹвʵĵһŵ
֮󣬰ֽóݣαԼƬ
ڼ䣬Ҷ£֣ǧ֣嵤һζҩԼƷʲĵƬ
ʣֻ֣ܵȼƷٳˡ
ȻҶɹҲʣ֮࣬£ֻܷĵȴһƷ֡
Ҷýܷģһƴ֣㹻ֵŵȴΪƽʱѵһıͷ
УƷʼߵαĳۣðϲЦտ
ܿ죬ٽβʣҲˡ
˴ʮһһƷȼ׷ǹǸַǹʱأϳʱ䣬þʯ¶ΪϴղŻǿ
һǹ̳ﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣλҪԽܵУǾͲҪⳡԵˡ
ļһ֣λԾˣ
Ĺ࿴һڶóǹһ綼δ־ĵƾ
ǧ֣
ϵǹƾ۾¶ѵõɣϲ֮ģֱӽļ۸̫ʮʾ־ڱصõľġ
ǧ֣
λڼλڵλһҪƾȡλõƾĵ׷ǹǿʵƴֵۡ
ǧ֡
䣬ǧűۣͷһƾλǰʵԼѹᱦӼ۵
һڻ֣
ƾ輸ϰڷŵĲ豭һɢ˿˿ĲˮΪֹߵļ۸
һڻ֣Ҳȫüųɵʧȥ˾ĵʸ
һǧ֡
Ȼǧ֪һڻѾ׷ǹʵ۸񣬵Ǳۣƾġ
϶ǧıۣƾüͷšһ𣬲ž
Ӽۣ׷ǹƱؽʧȥʸ񣬵׷ǹ̫ķ
ƾüͷžʱǧüͷҲ
ǧҶһ޽׷ǹ˵Ǽߣĵ֣ЩڼӼ̫ࡣ
ƾ̬ȣҲϷӼۣΪǹɥʧʸ
һǧ򣬲֪˼Ӽ𣿡
¶һɲЦݣʵ
ȴƬ̣ɫʱ׼׷ǹĹʱƾչüͷ۵һǧһ֡

ƾۣǧﳤһ
Ȼƾֻһ֣ǧĬķ˾ģƷȼ׷ǹøƾ
ȻټӼۣ׷ǹƾСе
һǧһƷ˵׻˶ٻ֡
ƾǧ˵ĺģҶҡҡͷĬš
˴Ϊ׼ĵڶǰøոձɱĶϹҩ԰ժһݳʮϹݰѩΡ
ѩǴ˵޿Ǳܣ·֮º巢ɱ䣬ļһǧ֣λԾˡ
ĴǬָóһͨѩɫ۴֣ɢ˿˿·ѩΣ͵Ľһ
ѩΣ
Ҷ۾һѩҲŨȤڰѩΣƷ˸òֻűᡣ
һڻ֣
䣬ոջ߼׷ǹƾ۵
ƾô֣
԰ѩ־ڱصõ߳ŭ
йϵ𣿡
ƾƳһɫһ˿˵
úúã
Ȼ²ƾܿǹ⵷ңѩζ̫ҪܴòҧӼۡ
ʱϵǢǧҲ۾ģܿ죬ѩεļ۸񳴵һǧֵۡ
գɫ࣬òѪʹ۵ѩĵС
Ѫ׵ѩΣǧ¶һ˿ЦݣƾۺѾԼѹᱦˡ
ŶмƷѳ֮


902 ʼʩ
ǲǺڴѹᱦأˣҲұʱˣڿʼһҲǴ˴ıƷ
˵ţгһƴСӡŷܽƵĹףڹױ棬̻ŴӬͷС֡
ö׳ֵ˲䣬˵Ŀ⣬һ˫˫ȵ·Ҫڻ
Ʒ˵޴½ĴУִҪǶ˽ˡ
ȵ񣬰¶˵Цݣϵգ˵Ȥ
ⷱܵĵ
Ҷ۾һо⼫ƷΪģʩչݣﵽֲĳ̶ȡ
ļǧ֣λԳˡ
оմﵽ˶壬ûٵʱ䣬
һڻ֡
һʤȯģǧﱨ۵
һڶǧ֡
Ȼܶ˲ԸǧƷջ̫󣬻˲ȫһ
ܿ죬ڽļ۸ﵽһǧ֣˴˴߼ۡ
ڻ֣
ǧһҧĳۡ
ڻ֣
ǧﱨļ۸üųɾŵηʱҶ£ȫһ۸
ʲôڣ
ǧﱻܱļ۸һŤͷ˹ȥɫļγˮ
Ҳܱļ۸񾪴İɫĽܣ²
ڻ֣
ǧɵ˵Ϊʮǿ֮׵òڻ֡
ûһẰ𣿡
Ŀעǧķʵ
㡭
ǧû뵽ܸҶԼô˵۽Ǽ۾˸ŨŨɱ
ڻ֣мӼ۵İɣ
Щؿһ۽ܣһЦʵ
Ϊ᳡ǿĽ֣Ĳ³⣬ټϽܸոûвٻɡ
ȵȣҪ֡
Ʒ̫һǧоԼź
Ȼԡ欵˵
ǧΪʮǿ֮ףв׷ߣύ˺ܶˣԼڶ֣ټǧ֣Ļּˡ
һǧ֣
㹻Ļ֣ǧ۾͸һ˿֮ɫӼۡ
ڻ֡
ܲκӰ죬ļӼۡ
ڼ۸һȫ𾪣۸Ѿļ۸¼ĶеЩԾ˼Ӵ˽ƣù
ڰǧ֣
ŴݵĽܣǧͷð˿ſź飬ĪĲһ˿Լܳܵ۸
۸ҲƱ˽ǣպһӰ졣
ڻ֡
¶һ˿°Цݣǧﱨۺ󣬼ۡ
ܣ㲻ô֡
ܱۣǧɵۣţðɵվɵ
ǧɣڳ˶ɣϾڻֿɲСĿ³Уûܻô֡
˸ƷΪʲôͲǰ׼ۻ֣ɫۣɫĽܵ˵
㡭
ǧķζըˣֱ˽̣ܵȱʣʼδģߡ
ڻ֣мӼ۵𣿡
ķ˽ܼۣ˼һ£ʵ
ߣ
ڻֳǧɳܵķ룬ʵһշ
Ȼ˼Ӽۣ⼫Ʒλĵáĵȴһᣬû˼Ӽۣ
ڻ֣ĹǸҰɡ
ܻվһֿһ˫˫ɡ͵Ŀע£˰ġ
ӣ⼫ƷͬСɣǱȼǷڻ֣ܽ㡣ĿĽܣȻһЦսǬָУ˵
Ȼԣ
ʮϵ˵еĻֿݸ˰ġ
ڰĽӹֿ˲䣬һǿڽбȼ֣ץ˰ĴָϵǬָ
ȻзںʮƷ쾧ӵս޻ʾĽٶ̫죬ֱץסָϵǬֱָӽᵽϡ
Ҿ֪⣡
ڽǿǬָ˲䣬һֱǧгһ̻ɱƣƷʼѵƷն˽ܡ
ǧɱһû㣬ޱȵĵԼϣ𻨡
ʲô
ȫһڽϣǧһִϵĸоɫһ䣬¶˻ģ
һ̣һնһ컯ĽâɫǧµĹᵽŨŨϢܡ
ǧûгʤ׷һѸȥ
ʱʮǸֳˣһֹ˽ܡ
䣡
ܼı𣬽ܱһɹǿûˡ
Ťգĵɢȥʱܷ·˼ʧ


903 
أǸȥˣ
ŹʧĽܣڳȫɵۡ
һɹǿѰܵ䡣
Ǭ̫ǿѲ飬޷ӦǬĴڡ
廤߻ոսû⵽
ɫʵĿ¶߼ƷѴ̣ץסܣɲƾŹ֮ء
ûУոսû⵽κεĹ˾ԻУпܱ仯òУҪɻȥ
һƳۣüëͷѩףֳһǹ۾˸ŵâ߻ˣ˵
λԲסˣΪץסǸļһرߵļƷǱǽϲ飬֮ǲ뿪
۽Ǽ۾Ͷů}˹âİɨˣݿܵ˵
Ұ㣡
ǧͫ׿µţԱµ
ƾʮǿҲ׷ӧ뵽ѰܵĶС
ϾȥʮǿƱ޹⣬οƷջ
Ǿλˣ
ǧƾˣĲɣм˵
ʹ㿪ʼɣ
ǧָſſڣˮɫۣŨںս޻ʸ֣Զ̲顣
һ̲ķǿߣ֮쾳Ҷ粢ģĳ⣬ӵǬҲ⵽Χ
ʱһһһ̲飬ûķǿ뿪ѹֵأеԽԽ٣ģǧ˵ɫȴԽԽ
ŵʣµһִĸо
ڼ䣬Ҷɹͨ˰ĵ̲飬˳뿪صסĿջУڷвһƣ뵽ǬС
ܣƷƬҡҶȲҪһھ
õϵջҶ罫ƷʼߵĵƬͶ뵽ȸУȸ֮꣬ȫƬȸ
ţҶȡǬָΨһĹףǿƿ˹ױĽƣͷŻ͸˹У͸ӡ̵ھ
ˣ
Ҷ͸׵˲䣬Ī궯һööɫ͸˹ףѱٶȣƽҶ꺣С
Ȼħ˰֣
ͻ͸ĺɫҶ粢ţδȺɫʴ꣬Գˣͷųǿһɫˡ
Ƶħİ֣Ե͸УѸһ鼫Ʒھ
ţ⼫Ʒȱʧ
Ҷüͷһֹӡ̵ھȱʧ˲Ҫݡ
ħǺƣȱʧļƷնͼܳšʧܣ˵ҲûʧȷʧصھҶüͷ
Ҷ粢ģԾĴɱ䣬ﵽֲĳ̶ȣһȱھŽ䲹ȫǿ
ͬʱٴη˾ޱ䣬ΣϳɲĶˡ
˵ͻȻ˿ھĹףûƤӵʧˡɲͳʵ
ǣǸ˺ܹ죡ɫ԰ףɪɪİĹڵϣϿֵ˵ǱΪ仯òȺУ̲ˣûзôʧˡ
ף˵߼ƷĻ᲻ھǸˣ׷ɱʱҲʧˡ
һԣĿ˸ɲ˼˵
ĿǵңߣĿǰҲֻˡɲһͳ˵
ף˵ʲôͷ᲻ǰף߱ġɲüͷšһʵ
ǵȾ֮ţɲҡҡͷ˵
ɲƳ˼ɡ
ȷʵп磬ļҡ뵽ҶƽǻʵϿɣɲһ²
ļңǳˣ
ɲüͷһƣȵ˵
ļҳˣصúһֱδܲ׽ǵ٣ʮǿУпļҵˡɲص˵
ף㻳˭ļҵˡɲ۾͸˺֮ɫʵ
ֻҵĲ²⣬ȫȷû֤ǰʮǿ߶ܶһҡ
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ǣף֪ôˣɲƵ˵ͷ˵
ɲĸŮҪλΪһϴʱʱݣӵ֮ԣϵݣڲȱȱʧݡ
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904 

Ҷ罫£ݻŰƣ㼯һ̣ż֮һ飬޼𣬺ɱԶ
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ǬӲĵ⵽Ҷʱһʮľ޿ӣǿŷԲĵҵĲһݺύѺ۲Ĵӡ
ǼƷȻ£ʩչУӦÿֱӺɱ弶ս޻ʸ֡
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Ҷ罫ȸٻ˳
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оȸϾҪɱɹŵҶޱĽ׼飬ˮ飬ħٻ˳ȫͶ뵽ȸУȸ
ȸȫȼ£׼˾Һ壬һڽȸУһȸƷʡ
ড
Լʱ䣬ȸ˴̶Ϸɱȸ֮긡ȸϿգչ߷ɡ
ȸڽɹŵˣ
оȸ֮귢ʱ䣬Ҷ˽յ˫¶˵Цݡ
ȸɱɸǿĹŵҶ嵤˳һԵͶ뵽˶У𣬿ȸ
ȸʱŻɫߵƣ̺嵤Ρ
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Ƴ嵤Ҷԥóһţ̵ֱ˶Уתת䣬嵤ȵҩŵӿȪѨУӿȪѨɱٶȡ
תΪһ崫УѶȼҶһ嵤ȵҩ˰˸ʱӿȪѨеŽɱһ롣
ţҶ罫ڶ嵤̵˶Уתת
ʲôҩµһʱЧõģҶתת䣬˵ڶ嵤ʱһЩҩԣӰҩЧʹӿȪѨеȻûȫɱ䡣
ҶƳ嵤סʹƱ֮һ壬̶ȼĿҩԣһ嵤̵˶Уȫ
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ĸˣνλһʱ䣬λʱеԴӦûʹ˰ɡ
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׼λʱ׽֮·ŲԼ׵һĥԼԼԵ
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Ķ֣һķϣ촽ԸУ˳ɢǰʵﵽһս޻۷徳ĺŮӡ
ڳˣܾãΪŵ뿪ǡŮỬͷһԸе촽һ㿴Ҷ磬ɭȻ˵
޲Tˣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽ĵһսȻ޲TŮˡ
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񣿡Ҷ΢΢̣м˵Ҳ䣿
˵֮ʣҶ˿̨ǿڰиоһս޻ʸע޲T

Ҷ統޲TŮӶʱŭˣһĽâֱӳٶȾ˵Ҷ硣
ҵĶ֣ܻң
Ҷ΢΢һܿŮӵĹм˵
УҾֵ᷸ͼ󣡡
ŮӾҶ˵죬ԽܵУʹѹ׵ĵƶʹ˳ѹҶĹơ
ۿҶ繥ƱŮѹƣҶͻȻͷųǿ꣬γ˿µѣ֮ݺݵغ˺Ůӻ꺣С
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ŮֻͷһصѣθУ͵ĹƱӲϡ
ܣ
Ҷ籩һǧȫ㼯ȭУһȭ˺Ůؿڡ
ء
Ҷƴһȭ˳ȥڰһѪˤԶˤ䶷̨˱


905 ޲Tֵ
޲TҪҪ档
һȭܺŮӣҶ罫ĿͶᣬ΢΢̣һ˿Цԡ
šսң
е޲Tüͷ΢΢һ壬¶˲֮ɫΪԼˡ
䶷ȴһƬȻһľˢˢͶ˴ݵɫҶ磬벻ͨΪʲôô󵨣ս޲T
ţ̫ˣս
ɲţɵҿ⣬Ϊӣʲô˶һ󡣡
ǰĴʵǿģۺʵʮǿߣôһǵһμ˵սǵġ
кϷˣǲ֪һ᲻ᱻ
عĹը˹ɵһ㿴Ҷ磬۷׷ףû˿
Ҫսң
Ŀߴںڳɢ˫޲T᷿߳ĿɭȻ⣬ʵ
ҽҵս𣿡
Ҷ΢΢̣ӭ޲TɱƵ
Ȼҳȫ㡣
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ͻȻһԵƥ䶷ΰһ޽ǿѹȸеİԽˡ
Խʮǿڰ˵İԽôˡ
ѵ֪Խ˽ܺãԽܳΪʮǿ֮һûٸṩԴ
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Сӣһ֪һ£ЩﲻġԽ˫֣һ̬ýѵĿ˵
˵𣿡Ҷɫ˵ģ˵ˣǾͿʼɡ
˵ţҶ罫ɱϹ飬õشʮƷȼķ컭ȡ˳߸߾ָɫİԽ

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һƵԽĹƣҶǿֶ컭͵ĹƴǧӰðԽɫ΢ı仯
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Ҳһͷ࣬ս̵ġ
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˱Ҷʵ˻ǿڰ˵İԽ
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ʢŭ֮£Խ׼ʩչǿĵҪһٽҶɱ档
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ҶʩչѣʤӲĵٴγֿհףֳַ컭ꪼ塣
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޲Tֵˣɡ
Ҷ罫ʮصķ컭ꪲ䶷̨ϣʳָ˹ɫ޲TƵ


906 Ƶ
Сӣɱ㣡
ˤ䶷ܴܵİԽӵһֻŭʨ
Ȼ˱ʮʵɣⶼδʩչоԼ֮ʧܣǴ£ǲҶ硣
ԽѾˣôɱģѵҪսǵĹزɣҶ米˫֣߳ŭİԽ˵
Խ䶷أȷʵڳˣ뱨ֻܵս
ʱ䶷İ׷߳䶷̨ԣѪɫǺ죬ɱİԽľ
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ģԿ̫
˵ţ޲T̤մһÿ̤һƾǿһ֣òٿһϢĸо
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ңһ֪սҵ³޲Tߵ䶷ϣĿ׶ؿҶ磬ɱ˵
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ʮķ컭ӲǹâӲޱȵǹ䣬ǿ޲Tֱ۳һ˿顣
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Ųն䣬Ժ͵ķ컭ꪣ޲Tɫ΢ϵıУֳֳѪǹȫֵ
Ҷ籬ȫնشʮ﷽컭ɵƻ̫£ټ֮ƵһҵĹ޲TоԼֱۼʧȥ֪ȫѪҵط
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Ҷ籩һ컭˺˿񱩵Ŀ޲Tؿڣܵķ
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̨ϵĹڣĿҶ޲T潻棬˵һĻȫ¶˻ģ˵ǰһУǵһֲʵĸо
޲TʲôֶһʹɣȻûлˡ
Ҷ翴Ѫ˵޲Tֳַ컭ꪼ
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ŭյ޲TȼǿѪ֮仯ǿ޻̬ʵ
ңұɱ㣡
ʵǣ޲Tһʩչ˿µɱУҶ磬ҪҶɱйͷֻޡ


907 㣬
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ʮ֮ڽ˷컭УҶ˫۱֮ն컭䣬Ҫ޲T롣
ҵնһ£˴Ѻۡ
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Σʱ̣޲Tſͣһöùɵ챦ϵر󣬵ֵ˷컭ꪵĹ
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Ŷʮ֮Ƶķ컭͵ն䣬µ֮ͬʱһꪽ챦׶ˣɫ޲TǱܡ
ͣҵĹδ̫ˣҸоֻʤȷʵлĿܡ
ǵȨַˣǾǻŹѾ뵽Уڵֻ֮
½˵öԣҹȻǵȨڴǵ֮ǾԻǿ̬ѹˡ
Ҷ޲Tɱʱ̨ϵĹڸ㼺۷׷ס
ңû뵽ƻ٣ɱ㣬в벻ջ񡣡
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޲TҷķϻǰԽ࣬ǲֵɡҶЦһ
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޲TҲû£һǹڵɳ壬һҶ硣
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ֳַ컭ꪣƵֱ˺˿׳һꪴ޲Tؿڡ
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ǹͷǿˮʱҶֳַ컭ꪣ޲Tһ˸߹һ˵Ĺ
˵Ĺ޲Tûһ˿ϢĻᣬڽڰˣֱҲȫвϵؼأ¶ɭ׵Ĺͷ
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޲TҶ緢ǿƱƵ䶷ԵʱҶ罫ӵ£γ˾˵ѣ֮͸֮ٴκĻ꺣С
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˵꣬Ҷһ˫˫ηĿע£Ծ䶷̨ƻʯƣʧھþû䶷


908 ׵
׵֮һ򱱲ɽ֮Уֻʯ߲ܽÿķѼĻ֡
ǿƻ޲TΪʯߣҶֱ׵׼Ǳ޼գȥ׽֮·;ŲأһĥԼΪļս޻ʴ
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׵ʱҶԶɽƳƲ㣬뵽ɽУԶԶȥ߿裬ġ
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򵥣˼ɲ˽ܵ˵ͷ˵
˴ϣħǱΣɲ̫Ѩͳʵ
Դϳ棬ħ̸֮ħ˾ûƷ鷳ɲ˽˵߼Ʒ˺˼ˣǼǣûҳ
ңҸȷ˾û뿪ǡɲƵ
֪ΪΣɲһָоԴǸصĽھǽ£ӵľƣиһֲõԤС
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ҶͻƾҪӴһŻʼ޷ͻƵļս޻ʣżҪ£Ϊʵ
뿪׵Ҷǰ˶ľŲףҪսףһĥԼ
ҶŲ״ʱȴ֪λڼ䣬Ųʱˣ֮⣬֪Ų嵽ŲףֻλʱſţƽʱֻսһĲݡ
λҷǲμӲˡ
Ҷ̾ϢһΪ˵ϾŲףսصԴòμӼλ


909 ׽֮·
֪׽֮·λڼ䣬᲻ǰرգ
뿪ŲݣҶȥμλ֮ûл׵򶫲׼׽֮·
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˵˵Դ˾Ų׾׽֮·ˣķǿ֮ͣǰս
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ȫû׽֮·ö֮û˸ƻ׽֮·Ĺء
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ʱһһҶϯضĵȴ߸ʱֵս׽֮·ˡ

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һ׽ްϮҶûһ˿仯վԭأһ׽ٺԼϡ
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ԡһ׽УҶ翰Ʒһ˿˺һ׽̺ĵǳ޷ҶԵ
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׽֮·УҶû˹ǣѨϵӶǧȭͷӭ˴һ׽١
Ҷһȭһ׽ʱռ䶼Ϊ̣֮ţһıըΪ֮һ
ţҶ̤ϣϵػӶȭͷӭһ׽١
£һ׽ٲϱ˺ѣһ˸ٻͷ޾׽ٵİɫУ֮УһȭͷСɴɵ顣
Уһ׽γɵġ
һ̤ͼ֡
Ҷ̤Ų˺˽У˽أй޾顣
е⣬ѹ
ҶûֱӺ飬ͷе⣬۳һֻе֣һץס飬ǿнѹˡ
ڼеѹ£궯齥
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Ҷ̤ͼڰУתתһʱǿнѨУѨɱٶȡ
ĿǰһĻһŵķҶ󵨵ľٶ˳
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õһҶӶһֱۣĽ֮籡ֱӻһ׽ٿռ䣬뵽׽ٿռս


910 ֮
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ʱѤ׹Ҷ汬γϸСߣ͸ҶëףС
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׽֮·ЧȻ׵̫ࡣ
о׽ٴĺôҶ罫ɻתٶ۷壬׽ٽ壬̤Žա
ܵɻƳĶ׽ԽԽǿǿ׽֮ΧĿռƻĲӣѺէ֡
⵽׽ٷ񹥻ҶϵЦݷԽԽŨظо徭ܶ׽ϴ񣬻رǿ
вǣ׽̺ĵ֮Ȼǳ޷ҶԵ
źĶ׽٣˺˻ƽ棬ʼʩͷе⣬ǿѹȭͷС顣
Լʱ䣬ֻеѹ飬£̵˶УǿѨС
ʱҶ˺˶׽ٿռ䣬뵽׽ٿռ䣬׽ٵϴ񣬴壬ɱѨе顣
ԼһҶ׽ٿռе飬뵽׽ٿռ䣬о׽ٿռ¶
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׽֮·Ȼޱȣݻ׽٣൱췣һˡ
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ԺеĽҲٻ˳׻֮ϴ񣬽ɱ䡣
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ţҶ̤ңնϣֱӽ뵽Уͷеѹ֮顣
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һΣǱޣһݳʮİѩΣʵǰʮ౶ͻļս޻ʾҲһ֮ң
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ԼĸʱҶ罫֮ȫѨ˺ؿռ䣬뵽ؿռУ׽֮·ϴ
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Ҷ統ܰԽ޲Tò֪ս׽֮·ʱ˲˵ĹעһЩ֮Ϊ˴ģҶֶܼá
ʱȥˣҶȻս׽֮·úܶ˲ˡ
Ǻֻа벽ս޻ʾ磿
˶ʵ˻ɣϾʷУδ˵벽ս޻ʾ磬ս׽֮·ߵȼռ䡣

Ҷԡ׻ľˮ췣УʱоԼ޷׽֮·иĵ˺˴췣뵽УѹĴ֮飬ǿн
ʱԽǿʵ뵽׽ٿռ䣬дٵϴ
Ȼ׽֮·едԶԶعݻ췣һ·׽ٿռͻء
ǻ꣬ˣսдʱҲջĴ󣬴˶Ե
գ˵־ǿʵ췣׽ٿռ䡣
ҧأ˺׽ٿռ䣬뵽ڰؿռ䣬ս֮ͼʱ£֮Ƶ֮ͼһֹͽ׽ٿռ䣬ս
ͬʱм˽뵽׽֮·ս췣УʮǿһڶǧƾȻС


911 ֮ͼ
дٵҪڵҳս޻ʾʱ췣
ԡдУ⵽֮ҶԸеһЩѹٶ۷壬ٲ͸д̺ĵ⡣
Բ͸£Ҷе˸ε⡣
ڣҶԣ͸ĸʱд̺ĵ⣬Լе쾳硣
ϽдϴĽ꣬Ҳøӵ̺Ľš
ڽе쾳ˡ
Ҷ糤һâӣɢɫĽơ
꣬ƣ
ҶһŰٵ֮ƵĽֱϣ춯صĽֱӽںһ𣬿Ϯµд˺ˣ¶ľˮ֮顣
Ŀ֮飬Ҷ̤ӶͷŸո쾳е⣬۳ץ֮顣
⵽еֹ֮ͷſµ֮й˺д֣ҶѹĻᡣ
ѹ
оеѹס֮飬Ҷиֳʮ֮ƣѹ֮顣
֮ѹ£֮ͷŵԽԽձҶ綯õѹˡ
ѹ֮飬Ҷ罫£ѨУ
Ʒ̺֮ܵʮ־ʣѨеں˴֮飬Ϸɱ䣬ɱһ֮ң
ֹ˴Լһʱ䣬֮ȫڽѨУҶûԥ˺˿ռ֮ڣ뵽˰׽ٿռ䣬ս׵֮ͼ
ͬʱǿǱ׵֮ͼĹȻʱܲãµ׵֮ͼѪģս׵֮ͼʱԵԵʵҲڻǿ

Ϊ˺׵֮ͼսľ׽֮·˺ۣѪʩչĵƣ仯˿µ̶֮ʵαˮ׼

֮ⷢӵ£ʩչɲĵ͵Ĺ׵֮ͼ
κ׵֮ͼ̫£ǿϧʱ֧α岼Ѻۡ
ڼҹУѵ׵֮ͼл˵µĵƣӡС
Ϊӡ̸ĵƣȫļս޻ʾ磬ϵؼǱȫ
գּһʱ䣬ֵס޾׵֮ƣµ֮ͼ׽֮·ս
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һܲ͸ӡеĵƣԵߵľ磬ʵҲ
㻹ðɣûг嵽׽֮·
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Ȼûд׽֮·ұ֮ͼʱں˲µĵƣҾλǰӦлͻƵļս޻ʾ硣ɫɷ׵³һ˵ˣǸأȥˣҾܾңȥ
˵Ǻһ׽֮·ûгҧ촽ӵ˵
ʲô׽֮·üͷһƣŵܣ׽֮·ʱôܱҾá
ҿСˣصú»Ǵ˴λһƥˣǴ׽֮·ʱǧƾҲ뵽׽֮·Ҫȡǵλã֮ͻƵļս޻ʾ硣
ߣǻ׵󣬵ͻƵļս޻ʣҿ˭ҵĶ֡
˵꣬ɫҶ鷳뻨뿪˴ͼ̳ص׵չأ͸ӡеĵƣȫļս޻ʾ硣

ţ׽֮·ؿռ۵֮ͼӵͼˡ
Ƴɫƣɱ֮ͼҶ粻ϲѸʩչ˽渲˷⣬Ʒˮ׼
ɣ
Ҷ籩һͷųǿһƶǣײ˴֮ͼ
䣡
Ҷ֮ͼײһ𣬴֮ڵͼй˲佫ˣ
Ҷ̫ǿһ֮Ƹ޷˼塣
ǿס֮ͼĹҶȻ֣е⣬صͼ£ϵ۴֣ӡ֮ͼӲ˺ŵͼ
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ҶԽսԽ£ϵ֮ͼһܵ˵ͼѺۣӡҶС
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оӡеĵƼӦܵһЩҶдϲ֮ͼ͵Ĺںϵơ
׽֮·Уǧƾͬս֮ͼ
ȻûҶǰǿ壬ǵĵ̲ʵǿ£ϵ˺֮ƣŵͼȫѾܶδ̤ľ׽֮·սռͼ


912 ռͼ

Ҷǿҹʱ֮ͼĲѺۣо֮ͼ޵Ҷݵ£֮
ӿѸٻ㼯һ̣޾Ļ֧֮֮ͼϡ
꣡
֮ͼܲסܵͼ֮ƿٷ飬߽⡣
꣬ƣ
Ҷ£һ޵֮һ֧֮ͼ룬˺֮ͼ
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ں֮ͼѨеɻɱ顣
飬Ҷ罫ؾ磬ﵽǧǿȳƷﵽƷˮ׼
ƣ
Ҷ籩һȫǧﱬֱӺ˼ӲĿռڣ뵽׽֮·һؿռС
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˽׽֮·ʱͼ̳ϿͻȻĽƸֳڵգȾ˰ɫ
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ȥˣ˴׽֮·ˣ˻˭أе
ǲ֪ʱ׽֮·Ĳһˣˡ

ÿµ׽֮·ĿռͼȻ򵥣һصͼ
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Ҷյռͼʱһ춯صıռͼ𣬾޴ĵͼشƻڵͼи֣ͷɱ֮
ңֲ쫷ϯҶʱռͼеһ£˺ŻҵգɱҶ硣
ⷽӡ
ռͼĹҶ粻Ҵ⣬⣬ص⣬籡һöɵķӡЯ֮ײ˴ĵơ
䣡
ǿײһҶĵⷽӡѺۣĹ͸ӡѺۣҶ硣
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Ҷ綯֮Ҫ˺ϮĹʱͻȻоһһĻ꺣Уֱӹ꣬Ӧһ˿ٻ
һ̣޾ƺɱֱӽҶûˣƻ塣
Ҷ罫ؾ磬忰Ʒһʧȥս׽֮·

⵽ƹҶʩչ渲һ⣬Ӵơ
꣬ƣ
Ҷ罫ڽұУֻն֯һˮкذĽâϵ˺ѹơ
Ҷ轣֮͹ʱռͼתٶԽԽ죬йųˮĹƣɱҶ磬˾޴ѹ
֮Ѫȼգ
ռͼҶԿסǧص깥ȼ֮Ѫ仯޻̬ʵǿ˺ǧơ
ֻнԼĵ˺ѣռͼлͨ׽֮·ռ飬õĽ
Ҷսռͼʱ˴鷳ǧƾͬž޴Σϵر¶ǿĵƣռͼĹ
ȻǶ˶֮ǧ̲ص깥󣬸˲С鷳
깥£ǧƾ޷ǿʵҲûҶǰ̬ԽԽء
Ѫȼգ
ֵסռͼĹѪƾȼȫѪһŲƵķǣЯž˵Ϯǧƣײ˸ﷶΧռͼ
䣡
ŷײռͼϣ޾ΣµӲ޴ĵͼ˵ѺۣµĵƷɳѺۣڽƾС
ռͼƾȫһѣһصУڶֹձǧƺ׽֮·ս
ƾսռͼʧܣҶǧԡǧУʹȫ
ʱƣԣԽԽصǧ･֧գƾǰ㣬ǿʹɱﵣ֮һռͼõµĵƽ
ʱֵɱǧƣձռͼ׽֮·
ˣ׽֮·ؿռ䣬ֻʣҶһˡ


913 ⽱
ռͼ̫ˣ޾ǿƵѶ̫ˡ
Ҷ轣֮ϵ˺ǧƣռͼӿĵĳˮϲҶ缤ҹһʱӿĵѹסƣ
оڵĻģѪ۲̶ͬҶ֪ٵȥԼ»Σա
ģںϣ
Ҷһں̶֮ȼ֮Ѫ֮˼ޡ
䣡
Ҷ籩һǿ֮ӭǧʩչյǿطͨӱ仯һ죬䲻ŤӴ˺ϮĹƣײռͼĺġ
䣡
ռͼ⵽Ҷʩչ乥ҵĲһ£Ѻۿɼٶȣӡ
һµĵƷɳѺۣڽҶС
ʩչռͼҶǧƾǰ㣬һ˿У˲䱻ӿǧûˡ
ǧƺ鸲ҶȫѪʱȴ޷شҶ޷׽֮·
ħѪȼգ
Ҷһǿסʧص壬ȼħѪɫӲϵرһ㣬гǳڽһǧ
ˣ
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е⣬ص⣬⡭
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Ҳʱ֮ⷢӵ£ûһ޵֮ɱ˵عռͼӾռͼѺۡ
Ҷʹ£ռͼѺԽԽ࣬ǧƣȴҶ缸Ʒֵס޷˺ֺ
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ţҶƽռͼģй޾Ľ֮ƣڲռͼ
ռͼѺԽԽ࣬ռռͼٵĻ㼯ǿ޸ŵͼѺۣҪڵͼĵĽ顣
Ĵ̫죬ռͼ޷顣

ڤ
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ڣҶ粻ϧ͹˴ʱ䣬ڽµռͼˡ
ռͼ˲䣬˴µĵƣ纣ɰٴһ㣬ڽҶѪС
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Ҷ粻ģޣ㼯̣ͷŻһе˺ɫͷŵĵ߹˹ϡ
䣡
⵽ƷǿĹױ˵Ѻۡ
׼񱩣شͷǿĹ׹Ҷ硣
ǰĹȻ£弶ս޻ˮ׼ȴ޷Ҷ翰ǿƷħ֮
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ףҶ⣬ǿѹһΪĹס
Ȼھ׽֮·ĽѱҶ罫ⷢӵ£һʱ䶼޷ѹ
׽֮·УҶ粻׶ûľֻ뾡취׵ֻҪľսѹ

ǧͨ׽֮·ȫ𣿡
ɫ԰׵ƾоͬصǧ׽֮·۾˵
йϵ𣿡
ǧؿƾһ˿˵
ǧ㻹ôԵϣλ֮㻹ôƾػӦ
ǰĸʱӡ۵׽֮·˾춯صıͼ̳ҡ
ʲôˣ
׽֮·ıǧƾ˽ĿͶؼ̳ߡ
ѵ˺ռͼͨ׽֮·ȫ顣
һشͼ̳֪£ǧǰĿͨ׽֮·ȫɫһ䣬ʯ쾪˵
ʲôߵĻǧƾɫ΢΢һ䣬¶ŨŨ֮ɫ˵ʵᳬǣæʵλϣ֪Ǹͨ׽֮·ȫ˭
ˡпǰ벽ս޻ʾĺңҲпˣߴһ˵
ܣ׽֮·ȫ˾ǰ벽ս޻ʾĺҡǧƾͬ
˵Ǻһ᲻ھǸαװģһǿĵ˵
񣡡
ǧƾͻȻɴ۾뱩գþò


914 ʵ
ʱһһ
ͨ׽֮·ȫϢ˴ĸ˴ͼ̳Χۡ
ĸǧƾҲûȥǺ֪ͨȫˣǷǴʷ漣ǻʱȼĽαװġ
Ϣɲƣɲ˽ܶڵһʱ֣˷ͼ̳
һʱ󣬱׽֮·ѻָƽͨȫҶȴûг֣ǻɣҶǷͨ뿪׽֮·ˡ
ң񡭡
ȲҶ֣ɲƵɫԽԽȻԸϣһָоͨ׽֮·ȫĺңпܾǸԼ֣ǻйصĽ
һӣֻҪҳ֣Ҷѷɣɲ۾˸֮ɫ֣ͼ̳
ҶĶ˲²һ㣬£˴ʱ䣬ںľ˹׵ѹˡ
ţҶƽ꣬˺׽֮·ľͷͨһ·ȻϢ뿪ˡ
뿪׽֮·Ҷ粢ûѸٶǬС
֮СģǲµԼݿѾ¶ˣȻпܷ⡣
ҲöԲߣ׼ٽλʼʱŻѹһˣƣûӲμλ
ΣҲҪʶ£صľŲףк档
żףףںϣ
Ҷһƻľż׺ͺɫȫ̵Уľǿнںϡ
ż׺ͺɫȫﵽ׼ޣںϣпɻֻܵʥס
һʥ׵Ҷֽһǿĵơ
ż׺ͺɫڻľлں֮ʣҶϥǬУٶޣ͸ӡдĵƣԼԵ
Ҷںϵĵ࣬ЩʮֵķӣҶµ⣬õĵƣǿڽУһ
ͬʱȲҶ֣ǧƾʧȥģȺ뿪˴ͼ̳ص׵󣬲͸⣬ʵȫ׼ʼλ
ǸҺ׽֮·˼ˡ
ȲҶ磬ɲ˽ɲƾסıԺѰ޹
ˣɲư˰֣˵λʱһġ
˵ǺһǸ𣿡ɲ˽üͷɵ
Ǻҳٳδ֤ͨ뿪ˣӦͨ׽֮·ȫ飬ǧǧƾδͨ׽֮·ȴͨѵѲ𣿡ɲͳ˵
ǽλǧƾµֵסĽŲۣ֮ϴ񣬻᲻ʡɲ˽ܵǵ˵
ʣĳֱʣɡ
뵽Ųصܣɲ۾һɱ˵

ص죡
֮죡
Ҷ羲Ĳ͸ʱ䣬õĵȫ͸ص⣬֮һؾ磬⣬еҲõ˴
󣬹ȻԽԽѣ֪ʱҲܽںϵԲ۳µĵͼ
Ҷ̾ϢһЩĽƵ壬Ҳӵ壬ӡķܵƣпͻƵļս޻ʾ硣
͸ǬӦһ磬Ҷ緢ֵҹ˾ϢĻصУѰ䵥ķǿߣ׼֡

ͻȻҽдҹҶע⡣
һһŮǿ߱ҹһɱѪ罦һء
ҿеĶǲ֪
һɫֳۣһʵﵽս޻ʾķǿĮؿűһɱǿߣ˵
׼˵뿪ʱĸ֪ͻȻΣտеķѸһ˲佻֯Ľâֱ˱
Ӧǲܿϧʵе
һֻֻգץ˼ٴĽâӲ˽âץסޱȣﵽƷȼĽ⡣
ʲô
ƷץסһĻŵдĿֲɫޱ䣬ȫĺëֱܵҪܡ
ʱһֻеĴִѹգµĵӲӻٶȣȫ
ֻе̫£ݿķݺݵѹϣһѹȫĹͷѹڵϡ
ҪɱңֻҪϷŹңҿԽϵһж㣡
ԲеĶ֣ӿ־ˣϵġ
ɱʱҲ𣿡
һƾİѹһֱֻ֣ӽΡ
һ̣ƮŨŨѪζҹ£ֻʣʬ壬ĺӹʧ


915 λ
¶ףն˺ɫɴӭոµһ졣
ļս޻ʣͻƣ
λʼ֮ʣѹµںȫĵ֮һٳƿͻƵļս޻ʾ硣
ͻˡ
оĻʮ౶ȫ׹⣬ŵ۾¶Цݡ
ǧƾǵλҪˣһ֪˴λ˭ǡ۾˸ŵ׹⣬ĬңλʱҪңҶԴ
λǰϦͻƵļս޻ʾ磬֪׽֮·ջƾҲͻƵļս޻ʾ硣
ǧȻûͻƾ磬ڵĵƣʵﵽļս޻۷徳硣
֪ΪжҪҶ磬ͨ׽֮·ȫĿ顣
ţǿĽƣ
һɫںڳɢ˫磬۾ݽգӥǣһƤվڽھؽԵλ᳡ֵĵƣüͷ΢΢һ¡
ӣҶûǿߣս޻۷徳Ĺ߾硣
˵ݣҶʮ⣬ݣԺ޹˼ɷӽ֮չ¶֮һʵӦһ֡
Ǹı¶ˣɲƼǿ˽ƣҪоֱ᳡Ľסս޻ʣҶ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݡ
ӵǬ㱩¶Ҳ£ܾŲףڴ
ɫҶ߽䶷᳡ҵһ˵ĽϯضϢȴ
ͻȻһǿɽصϢ䶷Ҷ΢΢۾Ŀ࣬Ͻɫףһ޵ս䶷᳡С
ļս޻ʣ׽֮·ϴ񣬹Ȼͻ˾硣
ΰǿҶоʵǰʮ౶øӿ¡
Ϊͷŵ̫ǿòٿķǿߺѣܿ죬ΧһƬû˸ҿ
ɫ°ɨʱһޱȵĽէ֣һǧˡ
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ǧ͸ķâһ۾ʹĸоɫ΢΢һ䣬Ծǧʵ仯
ǿ˿£ǿҲᷢ仯
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Ϊǧĳ֣ѹʱ䶷᳡ͻȻ޾ǹ⣬ռӳ硣
һ̣ͦΣԡǹеƾˣƾֺ󣬷·ûпԵǧͥŲǶм߹һλãϯضȴλʼ
ļս޻ʣƾȻҲͻˣ
оƾϵϢԼ۾͸¶˵âǿҵս⡣
ǧҲ΢΢һüͷؿһϢΧռΪһƾߵһߡ
ʱƣμλԽԽ࣬ǧˣ츳׿ȺĸҶע⡣
λߵȼ䶷λڼ䣬һ߶ûֶһƱͨ뵽Ŀ֮ıԡ
ȻλƱ۸ߵףλüֵ֣ÿλǻһƱľ棬λƱ᳴׵ĳ̶ȡ
ÿλǶܻ۴Ļ֣Ϊ˹ֲμӣǻὫһֽ͸ѡ֡
ţǿĽ⣬⣡
Ҷϯضȴʱĸֲ֪ɼǿҵĽ͵жײɵ۾
ħаеŵӹȻţë
ԣã⣬߾֮ţͨѻǿл֪ҶϳĵħĽа
ѡֵɫƵۣͷѩף۾˸ŵ֮⣬Ǵɲ˽̤ճˡ
Ҷһɲ˽̤ڰУ˵λһΪʮС飬ÿֻеһӱŲףĽ𡣶˴λдĻΪ⣬ǰʮĶ⽱ӷḻһɻһݳʮݡ
ˣλʽʼҰѾֺõС飬ȴ䶷ϣҶܳˮƽӣȡúóɼ
˵ţɲ˽ܿзɳһԽԽĹ赣ӡŴ˴βμλһٶʮ˵֡
ɼǰʮŵӳΪ˸ѡ֣ΪʵǿҶķֵ˵ʮ飬ѡ֣ʮǿʮİ顣
Ҷ翴һԼ֣ûһ˿仯Ŀ񣬵ȴԼı
ܿ죬ʾ׵λˡ


916 ս
λݱĽС
ΪȡøõΣ׬ȡĻ֣䶷̨ϵʹҵĽ֣ʾ׵ıÿ̨ϵĹڴ񫡣
ʵҶ۽ԽԽߣϼҵıһ˿ȤһֱĬĬصϢȴԼı
ԼʱҶȵԼı۾վһԾ䶷ϡ
ҶĶ֣һ֣Źͷʱ޿̶ЦݣзСۣ޺ոͻƶս޻ûõӡ
֪ʵǿһ飬Ҫ̫صĺ֡ͷЦݿ˵
ֵӮ
Ҷ米˫֣ɫĮȻؿŹͷӣһ˿˵
ģ
ͷ۾һ¶֮ϲ
Ȼͷ֪ʵԼķţһطͨɽһӲƷˮ׼һǿߺƿ
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ҶĮȻص˵ͷ̻ŴƵĹɱȡ˳Ħһ½
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ˣ
һ̶Ľ𣬿µĽͷӶУһֶĤ̴ĸо
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ͣ
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ҶֻһܹͷӣûκεͣԾ˱̨ص˸ոڵλãĿϢȴԼı
ҿʵҲôǿˣԲȣѾһˡ
ǰ˴λʵ̫ǿˣǲ֪˭ѹȺۣŲۣ֮Ц򡣡
ҾûǧĿ󡣡
˵ԭǧѹƾ̾ϵƣƾͻƵļս޻ʾˣԴ˴λ治˵
ˣ˵ͨ׽֮·ȫ飬֪ûУˣ˴λıʽ󡣡
Ǹͨ׽֮·ȫ֮˺кңû֣û˵ǺҾǵھؿռ츳ǻʵǸ񡣡
ļٵģ
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ʮѡ֣ûѶٹ򣬾ͻ˸ԵĶ֡
ǧƾ˵Ķֱ֣䣬˱
ڼ䣬Ҷγ֣ʮ־޵Ļ˶֣ȡʤ
û뵽һδʵɳô࣬ͻս޻ʽһ֮ң˰ɡ
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Ҫʱˣְɣ
Ҷ߸߾ɱýָɭһ˿˵
úúãǾĸаɡ
ɭ۾һɫ˲仯޻̬ǹ֮ⷢӵ£һǹҶ硣
ΪһѹҶ磬ɭһǹȫ͵ĳǹƲɵͬη
ԼٴĺɫǹâҶĿޱ飬һ֮ƸڹɱУһɺ裬һӭȥ
أ
˵ĵײһײ
ɭǹҶٶȾ˵˵ڶ˵Ĺ˲ѹסɭĹƣڽڰˡ
޾֣
Ϊ˰رľ棬ɭ޾ת£۳һֳǿ֣Яž˵ƻɱҶ硣
ɭһ޴󣬿µ֮ÿռ䶼Ť
ǿҶ練Ӧ죬ǰԤУĪٶȣֵܿĹɭ
ݣ
һ̶ƿҶĹɱһֱ˺ĻһˣѪ󱳴
ɭǿ̾ʹȫʱҶֹĳǰ̳ܵĿռ䣬ֱӽɳ䶷̨˱
ɭҶȡʤ
ʱɫһıˡ
̤Žգص˸ĵطץסһʱ䣬ָƣ״̬ӭӵڶı
죬ѩص֣ĸҪúù۲죬Ҳ⣡
ڰսѰҿ֮˵ɲĸĿ֮꣬һҶαװĹһУҶ粢֪顣


917 ҶVS飨ϣ
峿һǰĺҹ͸ޱߵƲ㣬ǡ
ԡڳ֮£ڶλʼˡ
Ҷ֣Ǳţʮأﵽս޻ʾ磬֮߾ɲס
ʤŲֹˡ
Ŀ࣬һ׹ף۾˸ŵâɲƹİ˵
ˣ
ɲ׻䣬һĽâɲǰ
ҶͻȻԳԽٵٶȣɲ׵ĺ
ɲԤеΣҪʱҶ˸ŵ֮⣬Իɲ׵꣬Ӧһ˿ٻ
ɲ׻عʱޱȵĹɱĻĲϣһѪ˳Ĳ
һ㲻ƾʲôң
Ҷýָɲ׵ĺһ˿˵
δʼ͵Ϯ
ͷð˴飬ȫëֱĹ߳ŭ
ãٸһᣬϣܰס
¶һĨаЦջ˹ɱ°վ䶷̨ϣȴʼ
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ȻɲзǰܣʱǲԾһҶ硣
һۣȴɲһŢĸоӦ˳ٻ
ǿɢػ֮ʱҶеĹɱٴδĺϣһѪ˳Źɱ˳
ڣ㻹ʲô˵ġҶؿɲףһ˿ʵ
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ĿαҶýָźɲ׸еܴ裬һֻµ޸ֳ塣
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䣬±Ӱɡ
ΪŵӣɲײҶɱĹķ
Ҳ˼ɲ׵ݣҶȴη壬һĹɱɲ׵ĺѪ罦˳
㣡
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һ飬ϲ䣿Ҷ˵
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ۣ
ɲ䣬ҶѸٳ˹ɱɲԹĿע£תԾ䶷̨
ݣ̫ˣȻһ治ѵǵı
Թչ¶ʵлѡְĿܣӱչ¶㹻սҪҲõ¡
ǿƻɲףҶ磬˱ֶڰɲƣҲڹ۲Ҷ硣
Ҷǿƻɲûãɲص۲Ľ죬ѩصҲǿƻԼĶ֣ʤ
᳡գҲΪʾ׵ıϵҵźڶ
ȴ˴ԼһʱҶȵԼĵ֣ܸ飬·ߣȫűըԼ⣬һӡ
ʶɲ׵ʧܣһͱ仯ǿսֶ̬һصҶ緢͵ĹҪѹĹơ
ȴе࣡
ӷĹϮʱҶ꺣еԸݣײ׽ӹе
ţҶиֳʮ֮ƣٶȾ˵ĹӹеǿдĹ
˼ҽУƱ֮ŴϵƱҶȫѹơ
˲ɱһ
ӱҶȵ䶷̨ԵʱҶ˲ɱںһٶȾ˵Ĵؿڡ
ۣ
ƣµĽֱ֮ӽ嶴ˤ䶷̨˱
ӣҶûˮԾ䶷̨ȴԼնԾ
ⳡԾҲغʮС˭ճߡ
ݱʾ׵Ļ治ϳ֣ÿ̨ϵĹڴ񫡣
СһֱԿʼˣҶ羲ȴ˼ֵոͻս޻ʾ磬ʮǿ֮߰ıԡ
飬òС͸죬۵͸ˮң
뻨겢ɫ˫׷
û뵽ôҶЩʶˡ
۾״ɫĮɢϢҶ磬ս߰˵
ְɣҪʱˣҶ߸߾ɱָŰ飬Į˵
ýָңĲ㡣
۾һɣһֻɺӰֳ塣
ںһʱ˲仯޻̬˵ֳһƬޣ˿Ҷ緢


918 ҶVS飨£
续Ӱ
Ҷͫһģ¹֯һӰɱ˲ƶɫޣ˰Ĺ
֮⣬֮⣬ƣ
齿һرٵݱһڷӣ֯ƣϮĹ续Ӱ
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Ӧ죬ҶոһԸĲӣش
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ҶûϻֳֹɱΪսپҶ罫ʮ֮ע뵽˹ɱУ˹ɱǧɱƣɱĹ˼£˾޴ѹ
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𽣳
⵽Ҷ糱ˮĹ齫֮⣬֮ⷢӵ£棬۳һԽʮ׳ɫ𣬿ٵȶ˽ϮҶ硣
ಣ
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Ҷ粻ұ¶ǿһǰڻɱˣõһ׼Ʒȼս£ס壬ʩչ𽣳
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ʮ֮籡Ҷ壬㼯˹ɱУ֯һĺɫâ˲ɱ˰顣
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һʱ䣬⽣âҵĶײѳ޾Ĺâ羪κһ㽫Ƕϯ
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ಣ
Ҷһܿ˾ɽĹֳֹɱ鷢
Ϊѹư飬Ҷ罫ٶޣһһĽâһߣһеϵع壬òٻؾɽз
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Ҷ繥Ͻˮ಻ټϹɱĹ£Ǹ˾޴ѹٵڵĻ
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һ̣Ҷ۾б֮⣬ע뵽˰˫С
ȻҲ͸˻֮⣬Ļ֮ȴ޷ҶȣʶܵԻ󣬷Ӧһ˿ٻ
ץסת˲ŵĻᣬҶ罫֮죬͵Ĺ飬ķ˵䶷Ե
عİҪٻؾɽʱҶͻȻƵ󣬳ǧֿ֮סĲӣ͵طܲһ㽫ԭذһƯĹˤֱˤ䶷̨˱
ӮˣǹӮˣ
Щԩƣûзӳǿʵ
ǿƻܰ飬ʮӱҶ磬˳ԾʵΪеϧ
ǲ֪Ϊ˱Ⱪ¶ʵҶܰ飬ֻʵ
Լʱڶıȫ˰Ҷ⣬ѡֱѩصֻܣʧȥսŲ׵Ļᡣ
ΪʮСѡ֣Ҳ˳ߣӵսŲ׵ʸ
Ųףʲôأ
Ҷ͸ؽƣһ᳡󷽣ڽµľŲףյսڴ


919 Ų
Ųףܣ˵Ųױһ̺ͨŲײ㿼飬ܲϵõ׵Ľ
ΪŲ̫⣬ƽʱֻῪǰĲףֻÿλڼ䣬ŲײŻȫҲΪλŲμӵҪء
ϲڸСӱսŲ׵ʸ񣬶ױһǰĲҪǽս鿼飬˵㣬ʮ˾Ҫвп̭˴˼нֻ֣лܸԵĶ֣мսʸҲ˵ֻһʸ̤ϾŲףսռ顣
λΣսǰĲսʱ䣬ԼǱ˴˽ֵսսǻյǽж⽱
ɲ˽ھŲ׽⣬һſ츳ѱҶˣϸؽսء
˵֮ʣԾƮҶ磬ѩԼص֣ʶ˵ʵɲƣɲ˽ܶǵݲһ˿ɡ
׽ɲ˽ܵҶµԼȻʵܰ󣬻Ǳ˻ˣȴûһ˿仯̹Ȼ
ˣ˴λڶ׶ΣŲսʽʼ
˵ţɲ˽ٻһöƣöƿ˾ŲؽƣҶΡߴͷŰ֮ľŲ¡
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ŲףҶ緢ʴɵ֮붼ʮɸߣһɹɾھŲױٲʮֵ׳ۡ
˾Ҷǿ껹֮оµĽ˴Ķռ䡣
Ӳ̺ⲼַԴ۶½޴½˸󷨴С
ʤһң
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ˣ
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оǰսֻһս޻ʾ磬Ҷ΢΢̣Ѹٴ̳һ
ݣ
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սʧһɼ侫֮սѵӿ糱ˮһӿҶС
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׵սʵΪһս޻۷壬ͬвǺɵɱ˶ս飬ں˴ľּͬһʱݡ
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ΪеһǧȻߡ
ս޻ʾս飡
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Ĳ׵սﵽս޻ʾ磬ھŲ֮£˼鷳
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ҲǾ֮ţˣǿĵƣ֮ǽȶ棬ջɱս顣
ʵѹƵҵҶ磬ֳֹɱĲս鼤սٻغϣһ롣
ʱսӿ͸ȫëףڽҶС
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ݣûս飬ȴøӲпᣬҪʵǾŲףһսߡ
Ҷ磬˳սĶ֡
գһֱƽҶڵĽƿռ䣬ս


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˵ţҶбǿĽ֮һ֮ӿ壬ǵӿĿռѹиǧٿס
Ϊܰսˣһ֪ʮǿ֮ʵܴͬ󡣡
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Ĵɶеˣ죬ѩȺܱǵĿ꼯Ҷͺصϡ
ȿ˵ɣ¾¹ͺصֶʧܣӡڰɲһ˵

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ˣٻĹžɱˣ
صôٻöžһŵɡ
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Ѫ֮ʣҶֳֹɱһ˿ϢĻᡣ
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ںϵ˲䣬ҶɲǹžһھѪɲǹžĹ͵Ĺꡣ
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ʮɲǾ⹥󣬰ķ飬ڰһѪ׵䣬˱
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ں˴Ҷ罫ɲǹžٻ壬һԾѿĿռƣ̤ס


921 ҶVS
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Цһ׵֮ͻȻҵȶ׵쫷磬һյ磬Ҷ緢
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һ𣬱춯أϮĳˮҵĶԳ⣬һʱ䣬ƿռ뵽С
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Ͻףֳһƴͷ󵶣ͣһɱնĺصֿѪˣֵס͵Ĺơ

һ˫ۼȻͣע뵽ͷУͷ󵶣춯صһն˺ص֡
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Ĺ̫£һ䣬ӲɣҲͷ󵶵Уڰ´Ѫˤݣ˱
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ܺصûãǧƾȺѣʩչɱУ˵ħͽаӮ˾Ծ
ˣ֮սֻʣҶδʤˣҲΪΨһĽ㡣


922 ݱ¶
ں˴֮ɫ°ֳһشƾƳһ۳ٳδ̤߲ݵһ޾ǹ⣬һ̤߲ݡ
ǧвм֮ɫŨ¶һĨЦݣƾ̤߲ݡ
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ܺãŲ׿ռ䣬ҺϾ͵뿪ŲףһԳֽסɲĲϵڴѶ
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綼Լ⣬ҶµԼݿѾ¶ˣٲ׾ʩչǿĵȫѹ硣
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о֮Ŀ£籾ܵҪٶȽ㡣
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ڼ˲飬ؿֱӰݣѪܿ
һش磬Ҷ̤׹
Ҷ翿˵Ҫܣܵ˲䣬һǿѣ֮꺣УǿҵѣθУƶӳһ˿ͣ١
һ̣Ҷŵǧȭͷؿϣµ籬Ļɽɳݣ˱


923 ǧĵ
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ǿƻ磬ƿռг˴֮ڽҶУʵǱ
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Ҷ΢΢̧ͷһ۵Ⱥʱ΢΢һһɱѺۣ̤߲ݡ
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ʵʮ౶ǰ֮ͨ׽֮·ȫĺңھĽԼ˫ա
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ħ֮ܣǧħˣ
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ɿµʱӰɳ񱩷籩
ӲһҶ˫˫ˡ
ֻҶ̫ǿ󣬿ƷӲҶ


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أ
رײΣ˵ĻҶն컭ꪣĽһǧʧأİѡ
ʲô㣬ôô󣡡
оֱ۱ͷ÷飬ɴ۾Ҷ
ҶûлشĻֳַ컭ꪣϢ
Ϊ˱㣬ʱʩչѣ
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أ
컭ꪱڽ֮ͷ󵶣µֱƤѪʳӲܿƵˡ
찡ûпɣƴоȻ˺ңǺҵôô󡣡
ͨ׽֮·ȫˣǺ̫̬ˣпܻǧһǿߵĳƺš
ĿҶ˵һĻ̨ϵĹը˹ƾԴǧﶼ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
ᣬҾ㣡
ҰļĿһе޷Ҷʵһֻ˵Ұޣ˾ŭ𣬲ϧ۵ȼȫѪһʵһ
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͸Ŀö˼ҽֵĻ棬̨ϲ˼ҽɵĿֲӡԺ֮ȥ
ŵţ
ӲǱһҶ类Ʒ˫۳صУȫѪǱ÷
Ӳãֱӱֲɣݺݵˤ߲ױԵѪȾѪˡ
ޱǿִǿվʱͫһɫޱ䡣
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أ
ˣܵȫȴⷽ컭гĽһǧٴһѪ߲׵䣬Щ׳ⳡԾ
ǿƻ߲ӿٵ֮˷ӿû뵽ҶУٵʵ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷȫӿڵָ֮ƺĵĻ컭ٻ˻̤գһ˰˲ס
貵飬۷Ծ̨ձҺͼ˶֪Ҷǧ˭ЦվŲףȺۡ


926 ۷Ծ
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Ҷһ˲콣ںһһ裬ǧ
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ԵļսǧУҶͻȻӴ˽֮֮쾳磬һƵǧĹƣˡ
ѪؿڳֵĽ۴ʳȾ·
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ƾ˵ǧǺң˭Ц󣡡
ܸҶɫƾߣʵ
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ƾʵǧҲڲ֮䣬ƾ֮ǧΪħ֮ܡ
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˵ĽٴνǧˣѪҵط
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û뵽㻹ֶΣûã
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۷Ծʤ


927 ܣҲ
֮ɱ
ǧｫ֮ݵ£ѩΪʮαΪĽ֮ɱҶ硣
Խ֮󹥻Ҷ粻û㣬ٶ۷壬ֱӳ˽֮С

ǧ۾ɱһƽ֮ɱҶ磬һûǧ⣬ӸǶȹҶ磬Ҫ轣֮Ҷ飬նɱС
κΣҶ忰ƷӲǧٿصĽ֮޷壬ɱ
þ߽죡
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֮һһѺڽ֮ѣٵӡ
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ǧ￴֮޷Ҷ磬¶ŨŨľ֮ɫھѪڽ˽֮УŽ֮ѹҶĹơ
̨ϵĹڿҶ类ǧû˾ȿֲĹֻǿžһľĸо

ڲΪҶһѺʱһ춯ص
ҶٻѪʣֱʣµҵĲĹ⽣ֱӱѪʽˡ
ǽôһ浽׷ʲô
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ǰԽ¶µı飬һָоҶ粻籩¶ݣԼΪ޲TͷսҶʱѾˡ
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һ͸ôģ
ҶЦһ˴ɱ¾֮ɲǹžͷ۾֮ɫΡ

ǧ۾кݹһŲ̤ѥƶٶ۷壬ڰлûһٶȲӰҶ緢ٹ
̤ѥٶ̫죬쵽۾޷׽Ҷ粢ţ۾ǧٶȹ켣ڿռתŲƣŹ
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ҶܣɲǹžҶ£Ϲǧƶ켣ռ䶼ɲǾ⹥£Ť
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оƲϼأҶȴǧķζըˣһĵƣս޻ʾħ֮ٻ˳
ô̲סĵˣħ죬ʵֲħ֮ܣҶ΢΢̣η˵ɣҲһ߷Ǿͱȱȣ˭ķǿһЩ
˵ţһ˫˫͵Ŀע£Ҷ罫ֳĽٻ˳ħ֮ܡ


928 ǧ
䣡
ܺħ֮ײײһ𣬱춯صӿĺˣϯܡ
Ӳħ֮ܣ᲻ɴݵĽܲû·磬ǿ壬Ż籩ֳ˫ħ֮ܡ
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ҶٻĽܣǧüͷһƣϳܾĿǸˡ
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ǧѸһƷʲĵҩȶסɲǹž˵ƣֳѩҶ緢
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ɲĿ׶ؿǧＤɱҶ磬ܾŲ׿ƣ޷棬ŭɲʹǸֳŲףҶѹˡ
ص̫ˣҲǧҪԴˡ
ƾȫ¶֮ɫǷԼ͸Ҷ磬ϱ¶ֶȫǵ
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ĿǧﱻҶʩչɵһĻĿ̨˸㼺ҵ̸۶սֵĲ²⡣
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Ҷ粻ƥеĴǧǧںһ𣬴شƣҪҶɡ
Ҷһںϵϣ˴ɱ¾Ȧ󣬲ϵĹһǧɫ΢ǧŲ̤ѥ㡣
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ұҪס
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ǧŲ̤ѥʱҶ粻ϵʩչѣ꣬ƶٶȣòȫԼĹ
ʱƣǧԽԽأħ֮Ҳȫѹƣǿħ棬˴Ľۡ
ǧûлˡ
ȫѹǧҶһΪŵȸٻ˳׼ȸһٻǧ
⣬ѵһŵ
ҶͷŤſռȸ˵ɴ˫ۣû뵽Ҷ绹еδá
ң˵ˣʤһңжٹŵҲң
Ϊ˵ϾŲףõҪĶǧһҧƴˣĵƣƣǵһζãҲȷԼܷԦס
ʱҲ˼ɲôˣΪ˻Ҷ磬ȥˡ
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ǧʩչһֹط⿪ǿķӡţһҶеϢѡ
֮ǿռҵĲǾŲ׿ռ̫ǿԽռֱݡ
ţǿѵǧһǿ꣡
ҶεǿԼоǧзӡһռǿꡣ
ңһнˣɣ
ž޴ʹںǿ꣬ʵǵһȫ²εǧûеʱ䣬˾챩Яž֮ŤŲռ䣬Ҷɱ
Խ⿪ܵǧҶǰδеս


929 ֮ͼVSͼ
䣡
죬ʯ쾪
ǧҶײһ𣬿µռòѺۡ
ŵŵţ
ӲǧһҶһ˿ʧأӲܿƵĺס塣
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۾ѪɫŤԽԽǿǧɱ˹Ҷһ˿ϢĻᣬҪɱ
ںϣ䣡
ƱǧѹƣҶںĵ֮۷壬仯һ죬ƥеѪշһͷײ˼ɱǧ
µֱ֮ӷǧĴɱУͬһʯײϣֱӽײ˳ȥؿڴսס
ҾȻܻѵˣϹʱֹ֡
ҵֶβǧҲ˲Ϊ֪ܣ治֪˭Ц󡣡
˭ʤ˭ܣЦǣһսǧţ
뵽ԼĿһ֮ս̨ϵĹڲɵü׷óʯҶǧＤĻ棬׼պƷ
ͼɱ
ס乥һѪǧӿƣһֿµͼҶ硣
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һܼıըҶ类ǧ۵ͼ˳ȥ㹻ǿ󣬿ƷһԻ塣
ףܿǧʵʵΪ۳ͼ
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ңҵԽԽˣû뵽㾹ȻԲ磬۳˽֮ͼǧɫ˵ֶ죬Ҳı䲻ʧܵĽ֡
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ҶԶʤǧȫס˵籩ϴ񣬶ǧȴϵؼأֲס
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Ҷѷǧһɿµ꣬ڽ֮ͼеĽնȥ
գɽӣµĽ·Ҫⷽռ䣬ն֧˺˳Ӱ깥
ⲻƥеһᵽŨŨΣϢȫȥ
κν̫£ɵĽֱն꣬ǧܵ˼صķɡ
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걻նҶƽ֮ͼܼ֯Ľ֮ƣصǧҪô˻ᣬɱС
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ڽĹ£һδ飬һδα
أǧԽԽأѾˡ
ۿǧﱻҶٿؽ֮ͼɱͻȻһδ깴˾Ųס
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˹һĻǫ̈̄ϵĹڵɴ۾ϵѰǧ䡣
ǧصʧ˲ӿ˴֮ɰٴڽҶУٵƣָĵĻʵ
ԼһʱҶȫе֮Ŀصؿһ۽ǧߵľŲףµݡ
ȻоԼսŲ׺ֱܿܳʣ޷ˣη壬ƣ̤գһ˾ŲףĿ顣


930 ϳʥ
ףǧΪͻȻʧˣѵŲصйء
Źʧǧɲѯʼʶ㣬֪ܶϹɲġ
ţǧǸ꣬п֮꣬ոձ֮Ӧʩչһطǰͽ˾Ų֮ϵСɲص˵
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˵ܣʷУֻȼ˽ɲĻɲƣδͨŲ׿飬뵽档
Ҳû뵽ǧﾹ֮Ͽɣ츳ʵҲпܴд벻ĶпܵõϴСɲͳ˵
ףǧ챦ҪҪɲüͷʵ
κˣҶǻŽеĶߡɲĻ˵ǵ۾͸˺֮ɫ
ռƣƣ
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һɹϢѹ鼫ƷĿռѹͷųɽѹҶ塣
ԽֵѹȣҶǹһֱͦ˼и͸¶޾η·Ѷɫ
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оֵг֮Ҷһ˴Ľƣ̤һȥսֵ
ͬʱ̨ը˹Ϊ̨ϵĹڷ֣лһƬԼŲе龰޷ĿҶսŲ׵Ĺ̡
Ұ㣡˭ӳȥ
ӵУɲ˽ܳ䶷룬ͷų
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ʱֵӿһ۴ֵףͬһХգƾ˵ĺҶ硣
Խֵӿ׹Ҷ粻ܣһ׺壬ƣ̤գһֵ
ҶֵԽԽӿһƬȫҶûˣϵƻ壬Ҫɱ
꣬ҿ·
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Ȼľŵɫ׵翴ʮ̺ƻȴԽʮ౶
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ʱ֮д˲ã֮žŲ֮۾
һ̣ŲֲĿ飬֮ŻһеѹҶ磬ֲϢˡ


931 ֮
ϳʥףƣ
֮ѹҶϳʥӭȥйƻ֮ϡ
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֮Ѫȼգ䣡
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һ˲䣬ĿĹâӳվҶ绯֮ҵĶײһööɫĹγ˿µҶ塣
Ҷʩչ䣬ȫʮ֮һѺۺҲ߽ˡ
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ҶѸٺһƿˮָĵĻӿնϣ֮Ҫ֮顣
֮Ҫ֮Ϊһָо֮ܿǽؿռͻƿڣԼ뽫飬ܽ뵽ؿռ䣬ǧĴԵ
컭ꪣ콣
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ŹӳĻ棬̨ң˵ɴ˫ۣϵҶӰӡ
ܿ죬֮£趯ȫûڻ籩еҶ硣
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Ҷȫ֮ʱҲڸ̺֮⾳
ʱݣгһĵƣ֮ͬ

о̺֮֮ԽԽǿž޴ѹҶ罫£̣˲Ѻ۵֮С
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ڼƷ£һᴩ֮֮һѺ۳ˣ֮ҵҡΡ
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ħѪȼգ
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콣
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仯ǿ̬Ҷֳʩչǿĵ͵ĺɱϽȫ֮
Ҷ粻ϧĹ£֮ѺԽԽ࣬鲼
֮ţ֮ţȿµʵ͵̣ǲ󣬿п֮ܺ뵽֮С
ڰɲĿҶս֮ọ̈̄ҲɵøпҶ羪˵ʵ
ף˵Ҳ뵽֮Уǧ˭ܻ뿪ꡣɲƴʵ
⡭
ȻҶʵǵ̣ʤǧǧƱ֮ϿɣɽɲҲ˵׼˭Ц
ɲУҶ绹ǧΪ˱ɱĶǶ˻Žеıߡ
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о֮ѺԽԽ࣬ƤѪģҶȼǿѪ֮˫۱һǧݵ⣬ֳĹ
һɹ͵ĹԼ깥£Ѻ۹ᴩ֮ϵĹֱ޹⡣
գ͵ⷢӵ£ʹȫֶεҶ磬֮
䣡
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Ҷ㹻ǿɳס֮ըͷŵĻ𹥻
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찡֮ıˣ
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һ̣һѪӰ˺ѵգһ޵񽣣û뵽˺ڶ֮Уʧ


932 
ţ͸żѹֵϢ
ҶһɣߺܰʱоӦڻϱѹƣ·ԼڲƬأơ
Ŀռ⣬ѵַ崫
оƬռǿ֮ҶµƬռܣռ伫п崫֮أȻԼĻ
֮ƣҶ粢ţǿӦһΣգο쾳磬Լиӡʮߵ֮ơ
ֻҪ֮ƬռĿơ
֪ǧʲôط
뵽ǧǰ뵽ҶԷ˳ȥѰǧ䣬һǧõ崫Уʵٽһɼ鷳
ڣǰһڣ
Ҷû߶ԶǰҺɫƯһֵĵڣ΢΢һڵ֮¡
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ûҺɫеĵڣҶǿо̺µعһϲԾУ͸ڡ
أ
Ҷ翿ʱһëȻĹڵһҺɫڵи˳ĿĮؿҶ硣
࣬ͨŲ֤֮ţ֪ԸԸϷΪʦԸ⣬ϷԸЩôɫյ˵
ôҶ΢΢̵֪ܸʲôô
ҿ͸صܴұУ֮У츳ѧԷ򡣡ɫջҶ硣
ãҴӦ㡣Ҷԥ˵
С̫֮Ϊ˱ѧҴжҲұʩӡǡɫҪ
Ȼԣ
ӵԣҶ粻κ˶ʩӡǣʮʹشӦ
ǺãڲҪֿҶʩӡǣԻᴫϴС
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Ҷ˵ͷ۾ɻɫһöǿӡǣƽԼ꺣С
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ӡǽ뵽꺣˲䣬Ҷ˶ɣöӡǲҪ꣬Ҫꡣ
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ΣգҶԸڻ꺣Уֱӽ꺣еӡˡ
㣬ʲô
оԼ۵ӡǱһɳˣɫ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
Һԩ޳ΪҪıҡ
ҶĿñ䣬ĿؿŻɫʵ
ߣΪ壬Ҳõ崫УԹɡ
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꣬ƣ
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ҶһƷʥٻ˳ԴԴע뵽С

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꣡
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ɱ˻ɫ꣬弫Ҷһڻˮһ߻ָɺԵĻһ߿ԷǿĻ͸Ѻ۵صУ͸̺ص⡣
Ȼǿ󣬵ĥ£̺ĵѾģˡ
Ҷʱص̺صƼģܶԶݲʵ
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ص⣬Ҷ翪ʼ͸ԣӡ̵ʮߵ֮ơ
֮Ʋ͸Ѷǿص⣬ҶԼݣ˽ʱ䣬Ų͸ʮߵ֮ƣ쾳硣

Ҷһ֮ȫԼĿƣ΢΢һʧԭأзȥѰĴԵԼǧ䡣


933 
ѵĹأ
Ҷзʱ˲ٽļ俼ĹأЩĹȫǿѨҶУûһջ
Ȼûջ񣬵ҶЩĹѨлǷ˲мֵϢͨЩϢҶȷԼƬռ䣬Ӧ½֮ء
ǧﱻΪ̳ڵĪ󴫳Уһ̳ĴУ꣬ԻΣҶ
Ҫҵǧ
Ҷ簵ԾԵɢѰǧ䡣
ţǰĹѨж
ŷţҶǿǰԶһʮ׶ߣ޽ļ׳ĹѨв쳣üͷһƣ֯Ľ֮ƣ˺ѿĹѨƣ뵽档
ţĽƱƽ
ɭĹѨҶ緢ĹѨеĽƲƲȫ˽ȵã뵽
ѵǧ
뵽Ҷ֮Ʋȫ˵콣ٵ뵽ĹѨһƽڹľ֮ϵʯײģȴδǧ
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ܵʬ塣
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ʼõѪڵƱ˸ոߣȫ֮ˣпܾǧ
ҶͷŻѰһĹѨûзκмֵĶѸ뿪ˣзУѰǧ䡣
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Ҫɱһǧˣƾ뿪Ųۣ֮ҲǵĶ֡
ϳŲ׵İԽŽŲŰΧǸ֣̾Ϣһ
ӦҪȡϵĴԵۺһǧǿ֮ţôɱģҲбʡ
뵽ܵҶǧһָоɲĵ˲һɱǡ
һӳ죬ڲõĽǼпܷʡ
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⣬ǽн꣡
Ҷε񣬲Ľһǿͷųġ
ڿЩջˡ
ܲĽ꣬ڽ콣У콣Ʒ׺ܴܿﵽƷҶĹ
ꡭ
ſ֪֦ҶӭſµĽ֮ƬݼŵĿռȥһĹľ£ϥһɫۣƤ԰ףûһ˿ӡ
ԣһѺۣѣǶһž޴ʯĵǹĽƣѵĵͷųġ
Ȼһǿ壬˹ʮ꣬ȴ٣֮ɢ̫ˡ
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ŵͷŵĽԽԽǿҶ⹵ͨ顣
ţǽܿ£ԶԶң۷ʱǼƷ飬ĥ£ǽûѾǰѵƷ콣֪
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ãҾͰ
Ҷһںϵ籡壬ͷŵ֮˺Ŀ½ƣһ˹ȥ
Ҷ翿ʬʮ״ʱڵϵѵεض糤һݻµĽЯ֮ƹҶ硣


934 콣ã
þ߽𣡡
½ϮҶ͵̤ǰһ籡ںϵӿ˵콣С
һ̳µֱ֮ѿգնµĽϡ
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࣬ⱾӦĵطҲߵͷ
ʱһϵѵ
СҪɱң㻹̫Զ
˵ţѪʸֳҶ壬ҶѪںһʱʵڽ
Ȼ֮ţɱ㣬Ӧûʹɡ
˵ţѺ۵ĵһâһ㣬֯Ŵ֮Ҷ緢Ĺ
콣
ݻϮҶݵ⣬ʩչնӭŵ֮Ľâշѿ룬ݺݵնȥ
䣡
ײһ𣬱貵Ľ⡣
ţҶʩչĽУ뽣ݻĽмҵĶԳ⣬ܼĹ
һһҽУ齥ҶĽѹסƣһŴ֮ĽâϵŽý˾޴ѹ
Ʊѹƣʩչ˴ɱУ£ĽâͬãݿҶĹ
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䣡
һһռս棬ӵ漤սգµļսؼһɡ
ʯ飬ѣµĽ֮Ĺľ飬֮С
ڹľµʬȴһ˿·ӵһ㣬һɹɿµĽƳ
飬ɱҵҲˣҶ̼飬ʩչĽС
Ȼ๥޹ĽУĽҶʤϵ˺ĻҶ翰ƷݺύĽۡ

ƲϼأҶʩչ渲һ⣬һŽʩչĽй

һһսʱͻȻʩչΪһУһ̳͸ռ䣬ޱߵɱҶĺ
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ʱƣݵгһµĽ׽뽣ʩչĽ֮ͬ
ݣ
Ѻ۶Ͻһؽ۳ڰУһҶ硣
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ͣ
ʽжײһ໥ûбκεĹ졣
㣬ôʽеġ
оҶ̳һԼʩչĽмһģһ϶ƣ鷢˲˼ľ
ţ˶ʱڣҶ羹ܿԼʩչĽС
࣬Զ֪жǿ󡣡
Ҷ¶һ˿°Цݣģ½ݻĽй
һһսһһҹʱҶԽݻеĲ͸ԽԽâն̺˲ãϵرѵѺۡ
ˣϷˡ
о齣ûжٿɽˣϳʥ׷Ҷ壬һµױޣݺݵس˵ϣ͸Ž顣
ʥףʵôշʥף
֪ʥǺεȵĿ£޷ս޻ʾҶ磬շһʥףбܲη塣
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Ҷȫ£ԽԽأݻĽϼѾ޷вҶˡ
ն
ڽ鱻ȫʱҶն˾һֱӽѿ޴ȱڣն䵽ϡ
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ţҶٻ˻ľѹ˱ĵϣǧ˿Ƶĸ룬ŵе顣
ڻľѹ£еĽԽԽɥʧ˹
콣飬ɣ
оеĽ鼸ɥʧ˷Ҷ罫콣ٻ˳û뵽˵Уǿɵ顣
ڵ콣ɵʱҶϥ˵ϣӡڻ꺣е½С
ʱ⽫֮ڽ˽Уʽе
ʱƣҶ粻߲ݵٴΣڽ׽֮ںһ
Ҷʱ֣ں֮ĽԽһļƷ
ţ׽оͽ콣ãɡ
ҶԴӽ͵ѧĽ⣬¶˵Цݣ


935 췣еĽɱ
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һ춯صͻȻԶΪ֮һ˱ĿϢȴںϵҶ硣
ôѵǧڶɽ٣
ҶüͷһƣͻȻ뵽һֿܣɫ΢䡣
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Ҷ統ϣ콣ƵԼʬսǬУȼ˽ѪԼٶǧɽٵȥ
ÿµش֮˾ǧ
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ǧ۾Ҷ粻Σĳ˽ɫһ䣬һ߳ſµ췣ϴһ߽֯ŴĽâҶ硣
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937 һ
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939 ֮
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Լʩչ֮ŭ֮Ҷвһ˿С
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940 ֮ս
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941 ǧ
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⵽ϵ֫ĵƹ֮֮ڳѪ±ըˣµ֮ը֧飬ɢ
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ô㻹Ҫһ֪Żɽϵüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ǰǧﻹãҪƿ
˵ţҶΨһһԣǧ⵽شС
һ̣عǧ﷢ʹİƴֹɻԵʴ
κΣ̫أֵסɻԣܿ죬ɻںһ
һ콾ǧﱻҶȫƣʧȥҡ


942 Ѫ
ǧ츳պ͸߰ɡ
вʣȴ޷ԼͷǧҶ絭˵
ǣˣ
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һأṵ̂Ҷܣ˵СԽԽҳԾ֪ҲȥշǵѪ
ôǰǵαѪΣգ
Ҷ粢֪֮ʱӽѪ飬ʵ
ոҲûɱ֮꣬ӽǵαѪУշѪʱһ⵽Ĺ
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ˣľţǻټһ졣
˵꣬ϵĲˣһƻ⣬ɢ֮С


943 潻
ǧħ֮ȥһط
Ҷ粻ݿܵǧ㣬ɱ¾֮͵ǬС
Ҷ٣ʲôط
ŷ羰续ŨǬ磬ǧɴ˫ۣһԾʵ
ҵĿռ䱦պǾҶ絭˵
ռ䱦
ǧüͷһԾҶ绹ȱӵпռ䱦Ҷ֮أԼԭҪɱֻһԸ
ǧȥˣһ㽫õ崫дңҶ崫кܸȤҶ翴˺۵ǧ
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ϸѣγµϸһȫµԻγɣһɱ䣬ֿγһȫµԡ
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䣡
Ҷ籬ӿ֮仯һѪӳɲĺĵϡ

һ쳹ʵɲıҶ绯ڽ˳ȥ
ɲǿȶʧصʱҶֳֵ콣ն֮Ĳã֮ݺݵն䣬նɲϡ
ۣ
⵽ҶʩչļƷһʱɲˣһʺѪҺѪ߰ߡ


944 ޵
ˣϳȻˡ
δ̫̬˰ɣ
ɲĿѪһĻռʮǸȫˣɴ˫ۣſһĻ
Сҷһң
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ɲԵĹ齣ʱҶУʩչþ߽͵콣նѿأ͵Ĺɲġ
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ɲıһſµķ֮ɱҶ硣

콣ã
ɲЯϢϮҶʩչƷʱɲ̫£Ͷѣ˵ļƷƵ

ƣҶ̤ܡ
ܵ˲䣬һɽһĿռѹݺݵѹϣһƶٶܵ˼Ӱ졣
赣
ؼʱ̣Ҷ罫ٻ˳ȫע뵽С
һצצ۾ɱڵĿɳ˾赣һеɱ˼ɱɲġ
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945 Խ
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ŹʧյҶ磬һյǸֵɴ˫ۣصѰҶӰ
ףǺȥˣ
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ƲǬƱҶ޵ĺȥʱϵԽãԽܷʡ
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Ѫ֮Ѫ֮ϣǿֻ𾳽ĸֲ֮ܽѪɱѪ
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946 췣
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ҶɲĻðɣںǵƿµķ֮һƬɱҶ硣
ȸײ
˺ϮҶ˹ŵȸһŹ̵Ļǣײ˷ϣӲӻһĹ
һϢʱ䣬Ҷ̤ܵ󹥻켣⣬۳ħǶ˵Ŀռ䡣
ʱһ𣬿ռƳܲס췣ϵعٴѿѺۣһƻ˵췣͸ѺۺɱҶˡ
ģƿռҪˣ뿪ҿΣա
һ޳ħҪǿд򿪽ƿռ䣬ɲ뿪
콣ã
ռƱǴ򿪵˲䣬Ҷ״μѪݻ֮ն̺ãһӲɲĶ˵ͻΧͷ
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˲Ϣ֮䣬ԽԽ췣׺˵塣
ɲĶ˵ʵǿҶ磬Ƕ⵽ĹԶԶҶ硣
Ҷ粻ϧǿн£Ƿɢһõ췣Լѹ
ߣ
ɲĺǺҶն콣ãͻΧҶƹ֮ǣ޴ݲء
ǷɳƳʱսƳܲס췣׹ˣҵĻ糤ӵ࣬ϯ£ֱӽҶ˿췣С


947 ˫췣
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޾ǵصĿ췣£ҵػζӲĵѿѺۣ·Ҫһ㡣
ħѪȼգ

ſ췣Ļ𹥻ҶȼħѪ仯ħ֮ʩչƤһ⣬˼ޣȫ
ҶľԶԶɲģǶˣܵ췣ԶԶСǶˡ
Ʒ壬ס췣Ҷ罫ٻ˳轣֮˺ſ췣
Ҷǿס췣ϴ񣬳˾޴󲿷ֹɲĺȴˡ
ںǵ˴󲿷ֹӿϮµĿ췣شɲĶˡ
ߣ
ɲں֮ǿ˺ѿ췣ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףǲ˿˿ѪյǿҶɽȥ
ܣ
ɲĶǱͻΧʱſ췣Ҷ׷ǣֲĿ췣ϵعǶˣơ

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ſ췣󲿷ֹɲĶ˵ƲϼأѲҶľ
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ſҶͻȻ˴ǧĵ̤ѥ˲ٶȣſӿ췣˹ȥ
ʽ
ɲĶ˿ҶҪţ֮˵ľ󲿷ֹڵ췣Ĺʮޡ
䣡
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ģǻҪҪ׷
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𾪵ķֺ֣ɫĩƳ˾תĽƣй˲Ťա
˫췣Ҿ˵Ȼ췣
ɲĶ˱Ҷ췣סҿҲ˫췣뵽С
гֵգ췣ͷŵĻ֮һǸŵòֻӴܡ
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ҶڰмٷɳʱƳ˼ٻĽƣ׹䷲ǣ׷Ҷ硣
ģǿ޷ֹǺ뿪ˣ
ҶǱԵԽԽüͷ˵
һҶ뿪ǣҪɱҶ罫졣
ߣǸȥɹ췣һɱ
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Ѫȼգ
ȶסӿѪҶȼѪȫһ
Ѫʮ⣬ҶȼʱħѪںһ˫Ѫ£Ҷʵڽſµĵ⣬ȫ˫ĩյĻ𹥻


948 ĩ
콣ã
ʵޣҶȼ˵콣飬ӭһɫĩգն˲ãһ
һնҶȫѪ֮ﵽޣ⽻콣⣬ĩ֮ϣӲĩձѿѺۡ
գ֮䣬ĩձѵѺ۾ͱµ޸ˣĩй췣ƣϵعҶ塣
ȻҶǿƥ⵽췣ͷŵ췣ƹǵֵס
ȫķⲻϵ飬췣ӡҶʱشѪð
ƲϼأҶ粢ţһеȫԼ⣬췣ϴ
ѹ£ҶԵƿԽԽ죬ˣϽе⣬ص⣬ڽ˽֮ͼУγ˴ܵĵƣڽ֮ͼΧŽ֮ͼ
꣡
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ֵסˣȻֵס췣ʵδ̫ˣ
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ұɳȥһᶯҡǵĸ
ҶԽɫԽɲĻɱͷҶ粻ʳѰ
Ҷ罫ݵ£ȫֵһʱ䣬ںϵĽ֮ͼ˵Ѻۡ
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µںϣЧﵽѣҶͻָ˿յѪȫϸǿۿɼٶȻָţո˥˵Ƽ˼㡣
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찡һΪʲô
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ͷӲĲ֣ҶȫͷǧüӲޱȣĩ췣һʱ䶼޷ͷ顣
Ѫȼգ
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ԶԶҶһδαĩ췣飬һδα޸ӵ˵
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أ
˲²ҶʱѪһԡѪսҶӵؿз˳콣ն췣


949 Ǭ
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ҶһȼѪһ߹췣ʱ꺣еԼո췣ըµ⡣
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Ŀ࣬źɫףɢǿѹϢĿҶս췣Ḷ́ҡҡͷ˵׷ˡ
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ʱȫҶ۷岻ѡ
Ⱥеĵȴ¶һ˿ں֮ɫᵽҶ統˵Ƿˣĺˡ
ֻʣһ췣Ҷѹ췣ĥԼȫѪžƿ
ʱȥһʱҶе쾳磬˵⹥
ֹ˰ʱ䣬Ҷ죬ֻһؾͼˡ
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⣬᲻̫ˣ
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Ҷɽ򣬲ȹҶ췣ѹɲƲڽµܼ̽֯ı׶ϮҶ硣
ŷǣ
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ȸ

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ĹϷϮҶһĶãתո򲻾õѪ֮۳һֿתĵͼֵŷǾ
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Ҷ꾭ǧǿޱȣֱӲٿǬ󹥻
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ҶԣѸǬǬͼķʽĴƷαƷ콣Ʒ콣ٻ˳ǿչǬ͵ȼĲҪ۳Ǭͼ
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Ǭͼ۳ҶһǬͼٻʮ˰Ǭ֮䣬һſϮĹŷǣɱɫɲĶˡ
ŷǾ죡
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췣ɣ
Ǭ˴УҶ罫£ǬȫѺ۵췣
ڣ췣ܲסǬͽ֮ͼ˫عˡ
ļս޻ʣͻƣ
Ƶڶ췣Ҷڶһ㣬ռĵڽѪУѪҲһ˲ҶȫںϣﵽƷ
㹻ĵ̣ҶһٳƿͻƵļս޻ʾ硣


950 ʵ
ɲģ㲻ҪɱҸᡣ
Ҷͻƾ޷ԾͻƣҪ̾Ͷɹڡ
߸߾콣ýָɫѿɲģԵƥ˵
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ô㲻ң
ɫ粻ɲģҶ΢΢̣ѱ˵
ңϷָ֮ʱ֮ա
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õôˣҿͲ
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ʽ
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䣡
һǬ֮˷һ˺ŷʽɲĴѹ
֮⣬ǣ
ۿʽƣɲļ֮⣬һſ貵ķǴ͵ĹǬ

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˶Թ̫£ƷƣɳģŤ
콣ã
ҶɲļҶԹʮʱҶһĶãƽն˲ãһһϮĳ˺ѿɲķĹֱӹ塣
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ǰٸǺһĳɳռʱ䣬˭Ķ֡
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ңһ죬һɱġ
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໣
һ춯صҶ绯ɲĹϣ˳ȥѪģѪڰ罦
ˣϳܸˡ
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Ҷ޵еӰӡ֮ȥ
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ӻǵɲһңҶûгʤ׷Եƥһ仰һ˫˫ηĿע£ת뿪ˡ


951 ȥԱ
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̤ųص⣬ҶŰ˼Ʒ⣬ȺƵǳˣ޻ꡣ
ƷشΪƫƧƵǳҪҪһʱ䣬ڵȴʱ䣬Ҷ͸ӡ̵Ĵƣص⣬֮Ҳ쾳硣
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ԼʱһϤϢƷ⣬оϤϢոǧսһڵϢָҶ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݡ
Ҷһ뿪Ǭ棬˼Ԧ϶ɫȹںȹԳ˵ĻȣƤӨףٰĳҫŹʶأɷƵ
Ƶúܿ찡
Ҷ΢΢һЦƵƯĲ񻰵˵
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ѪӵĹԽԽǿͼ֮˺ҶΧʱ񺿵ĶӿҶ磬ҪѪ⡣

һɫ籡Ҷ壬ؼʱ̣Ҷٻ˲ڻ˽Ķ
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Ĺǰ޴ĹϷֱýɷдǻʣǻʣ۷ǻʮ֡
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ҶƼʱˮһⱬڽУһâǿĵ⣬նһУҶ硣

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ΪʲôҾҲᰮأˮЦ˵òҪǰĺģ㰮ҵһ죬һΪԼĶ鸶ۡ

˵֮ʣƵƵƵһŲƵķǻ壬ڰһѪߵķݣ׹˵档
ƵΣգҶһ̤ѥٶҪȫپԮ
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ǿҶ뿪꣬ǧû뵽ǣǧûһҶһΨհ
ѵǶݵһϷɲĲòҶǧ֮Ĺϵ
ǧİæƵѹ֮ģǿѹסƣʩչȫ֮ӿǧսɲˡ
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Ҷ㣬ҺǺ꾫˭ƯƵʵ

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û뵽Ƶ֮췣ǹżмأΪµ췣֮һ췣


969 Ѫ
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µĻ֮͸ͼӿ壬ϵ·壬Ѫ罦˳˲佫ȾѪˡ
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ոձսǹսٴθֳ壬սҵƴɱ
սƵĴգƵȻŬǹƾ˵սشѪģ
ѪԽԽǿǹսս󲿷ֹȼյ֮ԴԴ޸壬ͱսɱˡ
ƵԽԽأƱóٻʱսͻȻ֮ڽеУһնǹսƲƵ
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970 
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972 Ѫħͼ
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Ѫħͼôϡ
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ѪħͼһıڶʮǰƿһԳѪħɱħͷУ޴½Ѫȷ磬ɥټֱӻ
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ħѪӰХϽںһγƵʼĵΪģܷȥħѪӰżҵɱ
ܼıձǿײģŤ˲佫Ϻɭϯ棬ӲɭͻΧͷ
ѪħͼɭȻʱӵ˾ʵȴԶԶϡ
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ףŲ飬֮Ҳˣǻ𣿡
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İɣ岻ǴģЦһǣɲ۾һɱ⣬ɨһǺɲƣ˵
ǰǰ㣡
Ҷ粢ȷ᲻֣߷Ҷǿ̣Ϊ˱ⷢ⣬Ҷ磬ƵǧϳȥԸ֮꣬Ҫɱǣƿش֡


984 Ťת
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ȻҶ˼ʱܣǱ̱֮ը֮ˣҶ⣬Ƶǧ̶ܵͬˣѪ
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ǳ˻꣬Ųٲ׵ĵƣټս޻ʾʵһʱס˷ʽս
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ȻʱѡҶһƾ֣شˣû뵽˶ܣĿǰҵľ棬еһ˿
Ϊվ飬ȴĿ»
崫бʤ
ƾĿؿżɱˣص³֡
塭塭Ϊʲôᷢչ̶ȣ̾ϢһЩڸոյ³çڶϾԼ·
ںѪħͼ֮Ҷʵһ磬ﵽ弶ս޻ʣѪħͼа֮Ӱ죬Ҷһ˿ʧأбµ
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֮걻ǿѹʱҶڽǬУʮ˰Ǭ֮ںһƵǧһɱȥ
ҶǬȫʱٶȼ죬ԽٵĺӰˣֳַޱȵɱ֮Ҷ硣
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¶֮ɫҪѸٳʱµѣ֮ݺݵغǻ꺣Уǲһ˿ѣθС
ԤеΣգǿɢѣθУʱҶ˫ֿٵؽӡͳڽӿ뵽ӡУݺݵغǡ
䣡졣
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Ҷǿƻɱɱ֮һĻ˺ܶˣµʵ뵽


985 
ǶӦûϣһɡ
Ҷǿƻɱɱ֮˲䣬һŭ졣
սھƵ֮겻ϧ۵ȼ˻壬̶ȽһҪ
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986 һ
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ص̫ˣǴ۽硣
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987 Ҳʳ
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֪Ϊʲôѵ𣿡¶ĪЦݣ˵ʱԼǵĳ裬ɱЩˣѵ
ô㻹뱨壿м˵
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о̺Ļ֮¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽¼УһƷʥ

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ںǵɲ˵ʵﵽֲĳ̶ȣټ޻̬Խս޻ʼޡ
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ǣɲսʵǿ㣬ֲ֪߳ܣĴŮˣӦµҶһ߹ǣһ
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988 ĩ·
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ʱҶлγѣ֮Ļ꺣Уһٶܵһ˿Ӱ졣
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Ҷ籩һ͵ⱬ콣ӿ޾͸ķ̱Դ꣬˽һ


989 Ϊ
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һռȻҶ˵콣նãһµĵ֮㼯һֱӷѿգǬӰն˵档

ǬˣͫһͬʱֹҶ磬ǬĻᡣ
̣֮
Ҷ˫ˮݵµĵ֮ٵۣ̣֮ƾճֵռУûɫ֡
أ
⵽Ҷ̹֮弶ս޻ʾֹƣǱ䱬Ѫ
ҶǿƻֵһĻڳˣ¼ҵձøѹ֣˴


1001 ɱǬ
ˣҶǲǷˣȻɱˣѵҪ𣿡
¼Ҫˣ¼ҲҪꡣ
û뵽¼ҴСףַ˱ʣԽԽˡ
ĿҶֵһĻǰףصĸ۷׷ף¶֮ɫҲвֻ
棬ҪҪֹ
Ҳû뵽Ҷ˷񣬵ڻɱ֣ɫ
ֹֹѵҶǹģϵ񻯣û·Ӷ¼Ұսϡϼ޻¹üͷ˵
ô죬ѵǷĻҵҶȥ⣬¼񲻳֮һ־ʧصĸожҶʹˡ
ǵﲻҶͬﲻģֻо̬ķչ
¹ε̾ϢһҲû뵽̶ʱ䣬Ҷ羹ɳ̶ȣֱӽ¼ұ뵽С
Уǲž񣬾¼ҵˡ
СӣҲ˭ҶҪ㣡
Ϊ֣Ǭεܹȴ裬ŭļһڲѺ۵ĵؿзɳֳһƷȼĳǹҶ硣
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Ҷ罫ڽʳָУһâ貵ĽâȾſ仯ɫһָޱȵǹϡ
꣡
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ʲôָͷƷɡ
Ǭ۾ɵùԲҶһָԼƷǹ
ҪسǹʱҶٴηµֱָǹ⣬һĨǣǬؿڡ
֪ΣǬѵĳǹһµĵ⣬ݻŸֹ̬ŵֵסҶһָ
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Ҷһʮ˰Ǭ֮壬ɽӭͷ̬Ǭ
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ҶǬҹ֮ʣֽڽ˽Уʱͼ֣ǬĹ˲ѹסǬ͵Ĺ
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ʶҶ粻ϱ¶ĵƣĲܴѯɫ粻¹š
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ҶǬɱ˰ʱ䣬ͻȻһǿѣ֮Ǭ꺣УһӦһ˿ٻ
Ǭ󣬺һ
ץסѵĻᣬҶʮ˰Ǭ֮һ𣬻һնѵصǬ޽һеնǬ

Ǭʹİֱ۰Ǭ޽նѪ罦˳
ǬסʹҪʱҶٴʩչѣ꺣УӦ˶ݵͣ١
ţҶǬ֮ٴնֱۣѪܿƵð
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ҶҪһɱǬʱ¹̤ճ֣Ǭǰ
Сӣ͵ıɡ
Ǭ޵ؿҶ磬ݵļ
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˵ţҶǬںһ˺ѿգ֯Ŵƣ籼Ϯĳӣն¹źǬ
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յǬ޽䣬ֱӽʧȥֱ۵Ǭб
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͵ıɣ
޵ǬХûҶѻĻᣬ˻꺣Ա


1002 ʮʽ
Ҷ磬ΪʲôҪɱ֪ɱǬĺѵҪ¼𣿡
ĿǬԱһĻ¹ֻһѪӿ˻꺣Уץ񣬻¡
ѵǺ𣿡Ҷͫ΢˸ŵâζ˵
Ҷ磬ʲô˼Ҷͬ⽫¼㣬㻹ǵģǼӺ㣿¹ŷŭ˵
Ҳ֪˭ҪӺңֻҪҵĵˣҶ顣Ҷ΢̣ЦݣԵƥ˵
˵꣬¹Ǭ˵ߣǣỬС֣ڽǳͬ£뿪˳Ѫζ᳡
Ҷ뿪ǰףصĸȺ뿪¼ұ
磬ɱǬǣһἤŭġѽҶĴ֣һǵ˵
֮ɱǬ¼֮ѡ¼ѡңȻʧȥܶ࣬Ҳõࡣպ¼ҳΪ½һʥء
ܿϧ¼һѡҶ翴Ѿµ˵
ǣô죬ʵ̫ˣҹ뿪¼Ұɡҧһº촽˾޴ľ
ѣҸɱȻǵı¼һѡ񡣡
¼ұϾѵĸΪѣҶҲ̫
ҾķҶҲ£ӵǬ־Ҳ޷˺ǡ
磬лл㡣
Ѹж˵ԴҶؿϡ
磬ҹĸҹͷĺӶɡ׷㿴һˣŵ˵
Ǿλˡ
˵ţҶ§ɫޣ޶˵߽װһŴϲ֣ȼźԷС
ţϸƣеնʱ
Լ˼ĺ룬ͷϼӻҪֵѣҶ粻ɵóˣԴʪ촽ϡ
磬Ѫζеأҷԡɡ
һᣬ˵ҶʵմȾ˿˿Ѫյ·һͬƮŶõ廨ˮͰԡ
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ܿ죬ĿѣԵĶ
һԷֱѾãȫڻУ˵Ĵȡ˷ֲλûʵ
˵ԣ˴ԡͰ󴲣С
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ڶݻ䲻԰ʱ¹ţȴΪǬ˵뵽С
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Ҳû뵽ҶôݣֱɱǬǵ·ѡ¹̾Ϣһ
¹ȴûȥ룬Ҷ籾ɲô鷳ֱӴѣǬĲ¼ҡ
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Ҷȷʵܳɫ츳֮ѵһֶκƿһӴȣԵЩȻˡ¹ſŴǹ⣬յľ
棬ѡͶ𣿡Щǵ˵ǣǵ³»ҡ
ԭûаգҶ룬оųɵİա¹¶ϺЦݣ˵
ˣȥݷˣ뿪ʱ䣬뾡һа취סҶ磬ǧҪ뿪Ҫʱֽš¹Ž
İ棬һҶ˼ġ۾͸˵֮ɫûҶΪŮ
峿͵͸ӳڵķ䣬еҶѡ
ԼУǹŵЦݵѣҶҸС
ѳףˮ֮Ҷ緢֣Լ֮ĲûгɶӵļʵΪ⡣
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ḧںڵĳҶ뵽â͸ͨϻʮʽЦ˵
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ûûСҶӣæ˵
ʵҺͱĲ㣡¶һ˿˵Цݣ˵ң˫ͨô
ܼ򵥡
Ҷһ߽ϻʮʽƴڸѣһ˫еĲλߣǵѻ
ܿ죬һһʮʽޱߵķ𻶿¡


1003 Σ
磬ڳˡ
˼ʽϻʮʽŨŨҶ뿪˷䣬ȴʱĽǳ߽˱ԺУԸŵİ׷뿪Ц
˼λǰǾõˡеЦ⣬ҶЩε˵
ǵǲżǣ˺üΣȥǳ¶ŵЦݣ˵
Һȥ¶һ˿̺Цݣ˵ɱ¾λǰȥݳϢҴѶ㡣
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ѵɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
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ֻҪ¼ҲʧҾʧҶ΢΢һЦ̺˵
ģ¼ҾʧġЦһ磬ǬλͣһἤŭҪǰ𣬵ʱҪİ
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˵¼󷨴ʦһ𣬼ӹ¼ҵĻڴԵС˵
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ͬ⳿Ļ˵ͷ˵ˣ磬ѣʲôʱұﰡҶЩȲˡ
ףǻŬġ
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ѣѺͳףӻأһʱڹغ¼вʶܵ¼⵽֣֮á˵
һ˵Ҷȫȷ¼⣬ԼǺԼˡ
ѣ˵öԣԴΪءҶǷһ˿ѱ˲⣬˵ͷͬ
ðɣǾȹ̻ڴɣϳң
ѿҶҲͬ⣬òЭˡ
ܿ죬ټ£¼ҹ󷨴ʦҶһ¼Ҹػڴ󣬼ǿ¼ҵķ
ʱ䣬ҪҶ󷨴ʦµһرһǿÿһضҪķѴʱ䡣
Ҷ粢⣬¼Ҳڷϻʮʽ
ѿҶ粼ʮ࣬ⲹһӵƣڻʵ
ܿ죬һڵʱȥˡ
磬ллΪ¼һС
ոһʮƣɫ޵Ҷ绳УһҸ˵
Ϊ㣬ҿԸһУ¼Ҳ顣§ѹ⻬ӣҶ˼
磬㻹Ҹ׶㲻ģҶ绰лӣʵ
ǲģҹ֪ˡҶ۾˸ŵ
ոգӵɱ¾֮Ѷɱ¾֮ݳظ룬ս޻ʸ֡
磬ôˣܸܲʵ顣ѸоЩԾЩŵʵ
Ҹ㣬㸸⼸ҲµشʵΪסҵģ𣿡Ҷ絭˵
⣬ѵ¼һѡѶʱ顣
¼ѡǰ棬õδҶ̾Ϣһһѹ⻬Ķͷ߰ɣǴ·ȥϣ㸸ףҹûд·
˵꣬ҶѴ룬ر˸ƣ߳˷䡣
һ̣ѵɫˣɴ۾ֵƣ¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫ
¼Ե޹ʿĻڴҶûƭ¼ѡǿƣ¼Ҹ


1004 ͼ
磬ѣôˣôˣ
ҶǣѵСȥʱɫۣɫ¼Ҹֳˣסǡ
ҹɫҺȥߣ
Ҷ·ûп󷨽ƣ˵
ݳǲ̫ƽǻǻطϢɣҪˡǰյЦݣ˵
ǲطȥ䣡¶ʧ֮ɫǿ˵
˵оǲУֱӾܾŸʲôС㣬үطϢ
¼㲻òẦ˰ɣҶֱӸı˳ƺ˵
ܣ磬Ҳ⻰ʲô˼ɫ˲ת۾͸˵ɫ
¼ʱ㻹ǲ̫αһЩҶӭ۾бķâֱ
㶼֪ˣ
üͷһ𣬵ʵ
Һĵһ죬ҾѾ֪ˡҶ¶Цݣ˵
㻹¼Ҳ󣿡ҶݵģĲһ˿
¼Ҿȴ£ɱ뿪˵ŭᷢй˭ϣҶ΢̣ɫ΢ʵ
Ҷ磬Ҫƣڽӣ鲻Խһ˺Ƥ˵
𣿡
ҶͫΣյ״һ̽е⣬໥ľγһöӡ
ħ񣡡
֪Ҷʵս޻ʾǬУҪ˵Լˣæٻħ񣬵ֵҶ緢ĵ⹥
䣡
Ӳӡħĺĵ֮ϵ߽ħħ񲻶ϵغˡ

ţҶֺһȭݵµ籼Ϯĳӣụ̂ŤĿռ䣬ݺݵغħϣֱӽ˳ȥ
ħ󣡡
̵ҶµʵԥƻڴγǧƣϮɱҶ硣
ŷǣƣ
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꣡
ħ⵽ŷײĲһ㣬ݺύѺۣƿٻ㼯Ҳڹŷײ£ϵشѣ޷
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Ҳò˵ݼе֮ԴӦǲΪġҶ翴ɫޱ
ףĺɵһͶҲѡ񳿷磬ֻ֪Ҫٸʱ䣬һκ
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ħ鼫ϮҶû㣬Ѹ֣һסħ飬͵طħˡ
䣡
ҶĴ˾죬һɹɻħ͸ָӿȥſҵط
Ҷ忰ƷħԱһ˿˺
㡭
ĿҶ󱬻ħ鲻һ˿˺һĻӶˡ
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Ҷ磬ԹԸɣ
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Ҷתһĵ֮ںһһöˮ״С̻Ź׭ӡͷӰ次
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ղһ£ӡըµ֮͵֮ͬʱͷֱŤŴգ㲻˳ȥڰһѪ
ʲôֶһʹɣȻûˣҶ翴Ŵʧɫ˵
ңѵĸףҪ˺ңǴġ˵
ʱѵĸˣΪˡҶͱһЦؼ
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ʱͻȻ֣ҹ³һƬޱߵ󣬹ϯ񷣬¼լ֮С
ͼǶ֮ͼͼһƬ󣬶ˣ¼լɫ΢䣬


1005 ɱ
֮ͼ
зˣҶûһ˿仯һȸƳ壬һųβǣŷһײͼ
䣡
챬ͼ𣬾ҷڵľ˲ϵ𣬴վҵĲ
ͼǹŵǿҶŵ޷˺ƿ
Ҷ磬ҪνˣӲġ
ʱͼƤ𪣬Ӻݻ͸ųӣӣҶ޵ĺɫۣƤƤɱ񣬷·ֻ̤ײİ壬ĿǵԼ¹һͬڻҵ¼լ
ҪߣƾЩں֮Ҳ𣿡
Ҷ翴źͼˣԵ˵ϵսⶸȻ䱬һʵңָ񷣬ޱȡ
Сӣұ㣡
ͼ˵һɹʥںµѹ֮ڳ˸еϢ
˳ɣƾǻвҡ
ҶӺͷŵʥѹὫѵ§˻УԵƥ˵
ģԹŮһסǣһһֶĥǣǹ
Ҷ绳еѣ뵽Ҷĳ裬û£ҧгݵķĵ
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ӣӣߣ¹Ҳͬһʱ֣һصŤգҪشҶ硣
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ʮ˱Ǭ֮Ҷ壬ٵǬ󣬻ҶΧֵ˷ϮĹź
ѣ
һ̣Ҷлȫһش˺ͼ˻꺣УһӦ˶ݵĳٻӲ˳
ಣ
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˺ƿռҶ磬ȫĺëһɺ壬ȫ顣
Ҷ۾붼û룬ܵŤתҪܡ
µѣ֮ԺУһԴʯеĸо꺣вǿҵѣ֮һƬհס
أ
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ںͼΧʱҶ§ٴΰθ壬һŲ˺ϣıӣǣһŽӰв˵档
ء
ȫʧصĺݺݵˤ˵棬̵ĵҳһӣѪ罦˳ȫĹͷ˴롣
Ǭ󣬺һ
Ҷһ壬ܿصǬںһ𣬻һնѵؾ޽Яž˵ƻһͼ˱ˡ
ţҶ罫ٶޣȺͼ˹ڰһӰ˲ư˵ĺߣһŲؿϣؿڡ
ɱҲвңЦҶؿſѪ˼صĺԵ˵
Ҷ磬ݵ˺Ҷӣ
ҶڽΣգӣӶʱˣ
ͣ
ӣӻ䣬ҶָһĽâԴĿ
Ҷ磬ɱ㣡
Ŀú촦һĻͼӣӶʱŭˣǿĵɱ
¼Ҹһ𹥻˭ܻҶ磬ͣ
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㣬Ĵޣٳæ
⵽ΧҶ粢ţ㣬ޣѪʨ˫ͷǬٻ˳
ɱ¾֮ǳҲʱϵҶլ⣬ƸԵı͹ͼҪ˺ŵɱ
¼ңҸһλᣬȥҿǣִԲǾͱҴɱˡ
ҶĿ絶ؿ¹ţˣͷɱؾ
Ҷ磬ӣԹԷɡ̵¹ŲΪ
ȻǾͱˡ
ǧ׳ѪʸֳҶ壬¼ңҶ粻飬׼ȫɱˣ뿪
ͻȻгһɫĵӣᴵ˴̶Źֵ
ܵӰ죬Ҷߣɫ԰׵ܵʶܵԻ۾˲Ѫɫ
һ̣гһŻħ飬Ҷ練Ӧֱˡ


1006 ɱ
ѣ
ħ鱬ը˲䣬ҶѸӦһѽѱըĻħУƿܵƵѡ
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ѵʥȼı
뵽ǬĸӵĻȣŵ⣬ٵһööµĴӡǬ
ȻǬܵĿռȫȴ޷ǬüͷûһʼĴݣеһ˿֡
飬ը
Ϊ˵õǬǬûֶΣóī̺ӣѸǬ
䣡
ռѰ
鱬ըֱռ䣬µݻ¼еĽظǳݺύѺۡ
¼լһƬ棬˵ĲϵѪȴ޿κΣҳֹֻܲҶ磬Ͽȥ
Ҷ粻ʮ¼ң½ĸҲҶı䡣
ʲôҲû£
ͷŵıը֮ɢȥʱǬ𾪵ķ֣Ǭλƶ⣬Ȼûѵļ
ģ⵽ʲôȼĿռֵ֮ȼı綼ûУ״Ӻδģ
ǬķǬ֮£ڳˣһ𹥻ǬصĿռ䣬Ҫ֮˺Ǭķ
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Ǭʧȥʱ뵽֮Уɵѷһ쳤Хµֱòʵõս޻ʸѪ߿ףֱӴӰ׹˵档
ţʲô
ѸոշХʱǬ궼һ£ɫһ䣬ҿռеѣ뵽˽Ҷ˱Ƴļƻ
СӣȻ㲻ǾͱҶˣ
˵ţǬ̤գسɴ㿿ӿѣҪסвҶ磬
Ҫ
˫ͷ뵽еѸо˿ʹ
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оΣգҶһѸ뿪ǬҪЮֽոյþȵİ˻ӣȡѡ
ͻȻһǿбϮĳˮݺݵغǬϣķ˳ȥ
˹һĻҲˣһξ֮еĸо


1012 ѣ棿£
⣬⵽ôˣôǸŮ˻ˣ
ؾ֣ѵŮ쾳֣
ĿǰһĻ˻Ӻһ¶˻ģ
˻ɵˣڳȫɵۣǶΪ˽¹ŵˣǱˡ
ԺҲ벻ϵ׷ʲôΪʲôͻȻ֮䣬ʵͱǵ̶ȡ
𾪣лЩڣ֪̬ᷢչزǾͶ
Ҷ绹ѣǿ¼һԻ͵δѾˣѾû·ֻӲͷƤȥ
ѣ㵽ôˣ
Ҷ翴뵽ʹУʶҵѣ絶ѯʵ
ȫ뵽УҶ޷ѡ
ӡ
ǬһסӿѪ˫ֿٵؽӡһֻ뱼ڳ壬ŭХſµƻ̤գѡ

ƿµӡʱٴη˳쳤Хһɲˣݺݵײӡϣֱӽһӡˡ
һŴܣ
ǿƽǬһĻҶоһо֮ա
һ⿪ѵʵҶȴҿ϶⿪صĴܣ˵Ǻǻ
úúãñˣǬɫޱȵ˵û뵽ССĶ½ôܣãס㣬ϵܣҲܰﱾ̤һɹ췣ͻƵ쾳
˵ţǬֳֵƳ֯һˮкذĽâѣҪķش
Ǭȫ֮ʣҶ̤ͻȻڿӿ֮ͽʣĻȫע뵽˾У߹Ǭ
໣
ɳ赵һһ˺յĿռѺۣߺǬĺ󱳡
ȻǬؾ֣ʵͨ죬лὫˡ
ಣ
Ǭ³˴ĵƣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ڰлûӰʧԭأܿľɱһ
ţٶȾ˵ǬҶֳֵƳҶ磬ٴζݲؽǬС
ǣ
ǬҶʱ֯һ֮ӿ֮ȫˣû˺ѷֺ
ʲôһֹȫش
ҶƽǬУǬźͼ¹ŵ˴

¹ţ໥һۣǬ£ǲòʩչǿĹѡ
˵ĹԽԽң˺գʹ೤Хûˡ
ӿ̫֮£Ǭ֮Ȼ޷˺ơ
ģռ֮ķ޷ƣѵСķҲ޷𣿡
๥޹ǬıܴΪشסѣȼǿѪ֮仯֮ʩչͷۣǿ̬
ҾͲŹķ
Ǭֳɲĵ֮⣬֮ݵ£۳֮ͼͽ֮ͼȫѡ
ǿ̬£ѵѣһޱȣŽ֮ƵĽѴƵƤ˺塣
ಣ
ˣ۾ͻȻ˿ֲѪɫ͵˦ٰĳһĸ룬˺Żҵգ˵ĹϮͷ۵Ǭ
׾Ż
ں֮ĳϮǬҴ⣬֮ͼ˾ŵ׺ȥ˦ٰĳҵĶԳ⡣
Х
׾ŻֵסѵķǬͷ­볤Хµ㼯һ糤ӱϮϲԲһĿռ䶼Ť
໣
⵽Ǭͷŵоͷ˫ֽ̫Ѩ˴ʯĳХϮڰмҵĶԳ⡣
µúͼ¹ŵѸٵĺˡ
¼Ҹ֣ɶײԴѣ
ŵɽ
ѵʵǬѸſͣһɫСɽɳͣͷڽѹ֮ѣǣľ
䣡
ɽ׹ͷŤǧܱڡ
ȻѿеסɽĻѹɽǷɢĹ
佣
ץסᣬǬƳںһ𣬽ͼ紩Խĵ񽣣һѵ塣
ˣ
⵽ǬȫһһɿֲסǬɱһµķ֮ϵ˺ա
Ѫ룡
ž޴ķֱƤ˺ѴʹǬûöմȾ֮Ѫﵽŵȼĺͣһһѵ۾ѱܵܡ
һܣɢ˹
ͣ
Ǭֱ۵ںһȫĴ̳˵Ƴƿӿ̴֮Ͼ


1013 ѵ
ѣ
ǬеҶ磬ѱǬһĻ۾Ѫɫ뿪Ǭ
뿪Ǭһ˲䣬оһɿֲˣߺһǬϣ˴˳ȥڰһѪ
һ̣ѱǬؿڣۿɼٶš
ң
Ѫ۾ָ˳̬Į
һָĳٵᣬγһֻ֣ݺݵĴǬϣĲӬһ㣬ķ˳ȥȫĹͷ˴롣
ѣ㵽ôˣ
ȻѽΣҶ翴ʱȴϸеһ˿Į·Щʶˡ
Ҷȴûûһۣʱȫ˵Ǭ
Сôĵӣðң
ѷλ߰ĮؿɫޱǬٴθ֣̽۳һֻһռ䣬֣ץգץǬ
Ѫݣ
ѵʵ󣬶ᵽвҾôϧ۵ȼȫѪʩչٶȾ˵ѪݣΪƽص¼լȥ
䣡
£ռµڵĳˮ˲ɢʮռ䣬ݺݵغڻѪܵǬϣٴش塣
ǬֶĶ࣬γɵķ֮Ըս
ǬһܣѱǰһĻɵİ˻ӣͼ˸ҾôѸ¼լȥ
¼ҵ˸£˭ߣɱ˭
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¹ŵһ¶һ˿Цûиҽ˻ӣͼߣԭصȴ
ܸһشǬɱǹֻһͷ
лһ˿ͷǾѣҶͷϴǵԭ£ǿԭԼǵʵܿ¼ոµδ
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ǣֻҪԭǣ׾ͽ֮λø㣬רĸͳ翴ӡ·࣬˵ͷ͵
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⡭
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ѱӱ⣬ķܹϵҶ磬Щʵ
ոشǬ磬ո¼ҵһҲ֤ʵҵĲ²⣬Ӧת֮ɡҶһЩʶѣ˵
ܴѱ鸴ӵ˵ոһսҾǰļͲȷʵˣĺ磬һ˵ת֮
ҹȻûв²⣡Ҷ¶һ˿ɬЦݣ˵û뵽ҵͷô󡣡
Ҷ磬ҰɣҲһˣ߲һġ
ȻԺвҶһû棬ıȻĮȻ˵
ҽᷢӣҶɬ˵
ӡԭѾˣͽ˱к塣ϵıӵĸӣҲ͸һ˿ɫʡ
ûѣ
˵ţҶѷŴͫע£ͻȻ§˻С
Ҷ§ţһɿµͷųȥԺɱҶ硣
뵽ҶԼĺã뵽ԼӡУĵ̾Ϣһס͵һɣһ֮޹ϸ𡣡
ѣ㲻ҪߣɣҶһеϣÿ˵

Ѿľܾ΢΢һ뿪ҶůĻֱһӣӿ壬ռͽ棬һռڶ
ѣҪߣ
ձѶһռڶҶʱ
ðɣҶ磬ٸһᣬڣܷ磬ҵңҾͺǰԵ
Ҷ粻ұһ£һ¶ӣҶһ˿ϣû뵽˿ռڶʧ˶½֮ۡ


1014 һ
ɪɪƬҶٽ˺
磬㣬츳ʵһܺѹߵһģ
ɫȹºۼ˵һľߣžںߺȾƣ˼еҶ磬Ȱ˵
뿪Ҷûл¼ұ¹ŵˣį뿪˶½ص˱
ѵ뿪Ҷ籶ܴ֮Ҳһ˿ѡ
İǰû£ֻЩᣬôĸ飬˵ûûˣ
Ҷ˾ƺɵؿ͸ųζ£ɬ˵
ãûᣬеãȥһ˿ϣҲɣҶļȰ˵˼䣬Ʈ뿪ˡ
ᣡãûᣬеã
µĻӴһҶը죬һඥĸѵ֮漣޸ˡ
ǰ˵ûûᣬеãһϣҶһзĵѣң֮ڣһȥ㣬½׷֡
ȼ˶־Ҷɢڵľϥںߣݰ˻ӵ䣬лõͷ
ͷ崫ͨѶȼ󣬵Ծɱ䣬ӵ֮ټҶӵб޻ҪµԼ֮Ѫȫµǿͨͷۡ
Ҷһͷۣսɻɱս޻ʸ֡
ͷԭǱӶռ̬
Ҷһͷھǿͨȫµʶں߾
̻ӣа취һ仰Ҷ»˶־
ԶԶںҶ磬ǳ¶˵Цݡ
Ȼ»־ҪȢ죡̾Ϣһ
ǰ˵ѾңԶˣѵǰ֮ĺ硣׷˵ͷ˵ȻҲ֪лкεȿµĴڣΪ磬˿־壬η
ôǶó𣿡ǳ˵ȴһܱ˹飬Ϊһ漣ˡ
ȥ׼޴½ȥ磿ʵ
ȻͻƵս޻ʾ磬ҵԪҲˣȥ粫һΣ·ǣҲź
޴½ͳһǳٵĽҰΣȥ½սš
Ҳд⣬սʧܣǻϣ׷Цһ˵
ǵȳСþͺһͬȥ紳һ¶ĵЦݣ͵
ʱһȥҶ·һ㣬ںһٶȴﵽ˼ޣϵͷֱۺͷ­
ԼʮһʱҶͻȻ˽յ˫ȫ֮ѪˣǧƳ壬ǿ˫ۺͷ­
ͷۣôѧһУ
ػҶܣΪĽǳ˵ɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ벻Ҷλͨġ
ꪣ꣬ܡ
ǿлͷۣҶȡƷȼرУǰĺ˾һ
䣡
ҶӣѨϵȫر׵˺ľĺֱӽĺ˺ѿ׵Ĺҷĺˮһ롣
ͷ۵ĹȻ£ȼħѪ仯ħ֮һս޻ʸֿѵһͻᱻҳ⽴
Ҷͷ̬ɵƻʮ⣬ͨʵǿˡ
磬ϲһƣ
ʱǳ˷ɵҶߣǰףص
ζлλǰ֮û͸λǰɣ
Ҷժݳʮ͸˽ǳˡ
磬ϼһ׼ȥ½ľ֪ȥ𣿡ǳ棬¿ʵ
½һȥģһиҪҪʱȥˣΪ˾ǿʵҶ׼ȥйصĵ֮ԨѰ֮ա
Ǻðɣھ㣡ǳ˵ͷ
һ֮󣬽ǳ˴ǱҶ磬ǰ˶½ĺ磬Ҷûض½ǰ˱ݣ׼ٽأ׽֮飬޴ȡʬǡ


1015 ֮
ѩĻѩѻһװعĹľϣһƬ
ϴҰˣȡеʬǣһˣ򶫣Ҿ
ǰıѩ֣¶һ˿֮ɫ˷ܵ˵
׻ǺȻǿ󣬵ϾǻޱǺҪպָǿʵҪһԭеĹǺ
ڲҵˣ򶫣Ҷ翴żػµĻ磬¶ŵЦݣ˵

ˣǼǰʵӦƵˣ
˵ţҶ˻֮ϣɿѩȥ
ûпɣոһֻǰܹ
һֻ滹һˣѩѰһ湻ģ
һ߹ֽУһѩзɳʱ˲˵ע⣬ѩֽ
ţǰѩкöˣ
ҶŻޣѩѩʱͷŵѩио˲ʵһϢ
û뵽ѩ־Ϊ˱һ֮أô˽뵽ѰҴԵҶ¶˵ЦݣŻֱӽ뵽¶ȼ͵ѩ֮С
ҿ˭ôһͷͽˣ
ֵˣһǵһμ˰ġ
ҶŻ޽뵽ѩ֮ʱǧˣȻ󲨡
ģ˭ﳤ
Χ޻ðɣ޲һڽǶˡ
ֻÿɰԴ
һΧЦˣٽŮӸǰ޵Դ
˻磬Ҫʱˣ
Ҷ¶ŵЦݣŻ޿ٵѩĿռѺ۱ȥ
СģǰпռѺۣѺɣûġٺѵ
ûм٣ֱӳռѺۣʮΣյѩ
ͣ
һĿռѺ۳֣ͷϢҪҶͻɵ
޷Ӧ죬Ӵʮƶܿ˿ռѺɣûӰѩתŲƣܿʧ
⣬
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ҶŻʧѩ֮УռѺס¶˻ں֮ɫڸոûǰʹϵװ״˴õĻᡣ
ʱ䣬ٿ񱼵Ļ޴ѩȣ˳С
أҶͻ޲⵽ǿ͵Ϯ͹
Ҷͻ޽ȣеĿ޸κβǣһֻֻ͵Ϯȫѿڣʳ˶С
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֮һֻëԳһֻ֪ԳûͻƵżޣ
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ϴ޶ˣǣ
޸о֮ܶ࣬Բ۾б⣬˷ܵ˵
Ҫʳޣ㹻ԼĹǺһͻƵżޡ
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Ҷ˵ͷͷųǿĻյĹľ֣Ѱе֮ǿޡ
֮飬֮һӰ죬ҶͷǿѰһʱһ
ǻֻµ߼ޣޣʵһ
΢࣬ɶǻһ
ڻ޲ϵɹϢޣ֮췭ظʱһŭı
׷ɱҶһ׵̶ѿѪڣ޷Ƶŭ𣬴
Щʵһͻ˰˼޼ޣﵽ˾ż޵ȼ
ϴӽң۳ֻɱڵ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷĿͶ˶ϳǿ̶֮ио֮Ϣ
й⣡
ڿնϣſ˴죬һ̺Ż֮֮ͣ󺣿ɽӣ˶
໣
ҲѿѪڣ˴µףŻй⣬Ż޵Ĺ
ȻȼǿޣѪ츳ԶԶޣټϻӵдв֪µͨĶ֡
ǿĹײһ𣬶׾Ϳʼ籬ѡ
µĻйĺϣֱӷ˴Ƭۣ׳˳ȥ
һشѿѪڳʤ׷ʱҶԾϳѹղء
֮飡
ϳУҶ緢˴ȭͷСҹ飬̶ӳ˰硣
̶ףһɫʮһڣͷǿӣ֮У֮顣
Ҷ翿ɫӣ׽֮ʱͻȻҡƬƬϸҶҡҷһööޱȵУҶ硣


1016 ؿռ
΢࣬ɱ㣡
о춯ıף˴ʯĺѻޣϳֹҶѾǧõ
С棬ȥ
ɽ壡
ȫͻΧ֮ʣʩչһͨӴϵرɽһ㣬ڽ˶µӰ˵棬˴ز㣬ˡ
磬Ҫɱһ
ҪҧʹĶԴʱ񹥻Ҷ̶д˶һ
Ǭգ
Ҷֳֵ콣⵽ˮɫȫǬ֮ȫˡ
ţҶǬɣķԵȫߣǶʯϵҹ飬Ҳ´ˡ
΢࣬ɱңҺ㲻ݣ
оԼղرҶϴһգѹõĶŭˣѿѪڣ
Ҷб⣬һ͸˶ͭеڣҸ·ҪôңҪôõӣһƬƬȫ⣬ʴϣ㡣
㡭
ȻҶĻһ͸ĸоѹӼһ¡
˵Ҷ粻һ˿˵ڸʱ俼ǣʱ㲻Ҵ𰸣Ҿ͵ѡ·
˵꣬Ҷֱһӣ֯һĽӰ˶һѪ⣬ӵ˹ľĹС
ܿ죬һֻֻȭͷСͨǰɫ쳣ݣ۾Ѫɫʴϴӵص˳˺ҧѪ⡣
ЩѪʬͱʴˣǵѪɫ۾ѪĶ
ԶԶʴԼѪһĻͭ͸һ˿־֮ɫԼѪⱻҶ£ʴ˺ҧɣԼ⵽ĥʹ
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Ȼĸ߰ηȷʵҶֶŵˣò˸߹ͷ­Ҷ硣
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޻ָ˱壬ĿҰĶ˵
ˣڲҪʩӡǡҶ粻ݿܵ
˵ţҶԵʩչԦǿڶʩӡǣꡣ
ȻʩչԦЧԶԶɻԣӰպҶ粻Ὣ˷ϣοҶҲûɻԡ
ˣǻǬ˵
Ҷ³һڻֻʴϣޣͽǬС
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ǬʵĿռ䣬żʵʻɴۣͭ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ҵĿռ䱦ɡҶ绺˵ҷʱ޷ͻƵʥ޵ȼԻỹɡ
ʥޣ
۾һ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʱѪʨ˫ͷ棬ˣŽѪʨʣԼ֮Ѫıܴᵽ޲Ǽǵʵ飬еһ˿ɢ
ǣ㣬ǴӺδģ֮𣿡
Ҷ̲֮飬ԣͷųȤʵ
֮鲻ġҡҡӴͷ­˵ˣ֪Ƿǵã֮֮鶼֮һ֮ġ
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һŰɫӣһʮֿµأҺͽëԳǶ֣ǵ긶ʹĴۣðƳ񣬷ֱԵǶУҲΪҺԳͻ˵ȼ˵
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ܿ죬ٶȼҶ紩һľַ֮֮ĵ£ƵϢ
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Ҷ籩һʮ֮籡壬ٵػ㼯һɳƣ쳣Ĺ⽣ն˼Ӳĵ棬ڵµĽơ
üӲ
Ҷ緢ص׽⵽ֻ֮΢һ£ûһ˿ѼޣƷ콣ڽ콣Уŵ콣Ĺƽ
꣡
ҶһδλӶ콣͹˰ʱ䣬ص׽˵Ѻۣһ쳣Ũ֮Ϣڽ͸
ҿʲôܣ
Ҷ޾ƿռеΣգѨϵһ׹䷲ǣݺݵײѵĽϣֱӽײ뵽ڵص£ŨŨ֮ϢؿռС


1017 
ﻹ񣡡
뵽ؿռУҶһۿռһ׸ߣ֦Ҷïԡ֮еʮ֮黷ΧŸ̬
֣ôûж˵ǿ飡
Ҷͷǿ꣬ƿռ䣬˷ʮ֮⣬ûзǿ֮ӡ
ѵǿܶҵ֪
ҶԽоﲻ򵥣һ޼᲻ݵĽٻ˳񿿽ҪԵǬУʮ֮顣
ˣ
ͻȻһϸ΢Ŀռ䲨ҶС
ܣ
оΣգҶ籾ܵĿƽܵԼ᲻ɴݵΪԼֵΣա
ˣ
棬һǿķſռܼĲƣĴɢ
ǿӣȻڿռѺУ
عҶ磬͵ϮԼǶ˵ǿŰɫӣڵ˲䱬γһֻ֣Ŵĵƣ̩ɽѹ֮ƣץȥ
Ҷ۵ĵץסɫӵ˲䣬ɫͻȻӳ̫ҪĿĹâһɳڰɫͷųҶ۵ĵ֡
ÿµɫе꣬Ϲֵģ
оɫе곬󣬽⵽˲֮һҶ粻Ҵ⣬ʮ˰Ǭ֮ٻ˳Χ
ಣ
ɫӹâһʧҶǰѸݵٶƭҶ۾
Ҷ꾭ǧǿƥֱ˰ɫӵĹ켣ǬҪС
ɫӵĹٶȿþˣǬո󣬾ͱˣһĨ⣬Ҷؿڡ
һֽն
Σʱ̣Ҷû㣬ֱ콣ںһ𣬽է֣һһֽâƿռ䣬һ˰ɫϡ
ţ⣬ǧڵ콣ⱬӲֵס˰ɫӵĹ
ô
о콣дķ֮ҶƲƷֱ۳˵Ѻۣ͸Ѫ
ħѪȼգ
ֱˣҶԥȼħѪ仯ħ֮һǧҶɫбע뵽˵콣Уں˰ɫӵĹ
𣡡
ɫӹâ⣬֮⻯һֻĵͻ쳤ХһŻԵҶ硣
֮£𣡡
оͻ̺ηĻ֮Ҷ֪֮γɵĻ֮һĻƻҪֲ
֮Ѫȼգ䣡
ͻϮҶȼ֮Ѫ߱ҡһ䣬ΪѪɫҡҷӴͻײһ
䣡
ײء
ǿĹԳ˽ʮʼ籬ѡ
ʱɫƿϮҪƶҶؿڡ
ȸ
ҶɫӣڰɫϮʱȸƳ壬ȵĻ⣬ɫӷ˼ҵײ͵ײһ
ণ
ȸ֮ͻȻһʹ˻
ӲɫӣŵȸУȸ֮ˣȸʮԶ
ͷۣ
ɫӵҶûбƣӿͷۼֳֽ̬ꪣ꣬رٵػ裬˰ɫӡ
ȫʱ˵ɱ¾ȦҲֳ壬йſµɱ¾֮Ĺ
ˣ
ҶӶرȫ£ɫӱܼıˮĹƽûĹ
ѣ
Ҷȫͬʱͷǿ꣬γѣ֮ڰɫеֻ꣬ҪܽˣܴɫӵĹ
ҶӶرһǧĳˮɫӿٵػſռ䣬γһɹǿγϯص磬رĹ
Ѫȼգ
Ż֮ˣҶرȼһѪ֮ڽ壬һʵͬʱӡݻµĵ֮ϯķ
ƷʥݻĹʥҶͬʱӡɵƻǳ
һööӡһ̬£ɫγɵˣ͵Ӳɫˡ
ͨͨͨ޳ɽ꣬㵽ʲôˣ
ͻȻһϵڰɫ
һ̣ɫл⣬һϣˮ״Сͷ­ֳɫӣһ˫ǣ·̲˫Ҷ磬Ҫ


1018 ֮
ǰʲôˣΪʲôŰɫС
Ҷûлشͷ­ĻǷ
Ϸһٶǰˣ˵Ҳ֪˭
ſ˴ڣ˻ҶĤ΢ģ۲ѡ
һٶǰˣ
Ҷ۾һɣ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫǵһμ˰µꡣ
С㵽ǸˡʵΪںѪͬʱƿͨ
ߣѪͨԵɺµõġ
Ҷ绺˵ǿһֱŲ꣬͵Ϯ
壿û뵽徹Ⱦ֮š
ϵĵһЩ˵
ôǰܣ
Ҷ粶׽˲ı仯ʵ
Һͬһ壬Ҳˣ򡣡˵ͷ˵
ǰȻΪ䵽أҶɵʵ
ô֪Ϸϵܡʵ
ţȷǰݺϵܸȤҶ˵ͷ̹׵˵
˼Сӣ˼ңŵ˵ȴ˵Ĵݣ֮ǿǲ
ðɣȻ֪ҿԸ㣬֮ҪΪʦһ¡˵
ã
Ҷ붼ûʹӦˣǱʶȴо򵥣
Ϸ죬칬칬״ӡ칬ʵǿ崫ʥ֮һ컺˵֮ð½磬Ϊһ½ϣ֪ʥ֮֮顣
ʥļֵԶƵʥĺøлɱʥͨʥܵõܽʥͻƿﵽ֮ΪһԽߣ½ѶԽ󣬱һλֿѣԺħħ𣬽Ŀռðմ򴩿ռ涴µռѰ
Ѱñ֮飬֮һһţʥջ̫գħǸС͵ϮңҪɱң֮ΪС
һսǴذػߣܾ֮ʣıԴ֮ǵҪ㹻ǿ󣬽ʥ֮ɱΧˡ콫ԴԴϵص˳
ŰɫӾʥ֮飡Ҷ۾һʵ
֮飬ϷΪʦӦϷħǸС˵֮꣬飬Լħߵ֮鶼ˣ˵
ǰħܣʵôħꣿ
Ҷ粻̫˿ʥ͸Լʾʵ
С뵣ģΪʦģʱʦͽ֣ħ꣬ʥһԾΪǿߣָտɴ
Ҷ۾֮ɫԽԽŨ¶ѵõЦݣֱʦĿ˵
ǾһаʦˣҶ繧ǫ˵Ҳͽơ
û뵽Ϸ֮ʣյȺͽܣҲЦһ
ʦܷԼЩ֮ߣҶ翪ʵ
ôпռʥЩ˵
ܽߵĿռ䱦ʥȼ۾͸¶һ˿ȡ
ţͽڻԵɺ£õһħĶҶ˵ͷ˵
ҵĺͽȻʦ²и㣬һԷ󡣡Цһ۾л֮ɫŨˡ
ħҲµ壬ʵ칬֮ϣоҶƿصǬȼԼԤ֮ϡ
ͽʮ֮͸ˡݳ꣬ʮ㣬ʥ֮һҲѵһΪʦô꣬꣬껹ֻ޵ˡϸĽܵ
İʦһὫȫġ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǬ֮ԵǬУƯڰеʮ֮飬սǬ
ǬøӵŨܵҺˣ㣬޵ٶȡ
ʦ֪ħ֮ʲôط
ʮ֮飬мֵĶҶ翪ʵ
ħ֮˵У˵
룡Ҷüͷһʦ֪ʮǰһʣ֪׷ʲô𣿡
ô֪µģЩʵ
ʮǰͽһ룬ڻԵɺ֪Ǽ£Ҷ纬˵
ʮǰˣЩԾ˵
δشѹʱ첻ֹһħս֪Ŀ£ʮǰ֮øӵĿ£׽룬޷Ҷʮǰγġ
ţͽǽһرġҶ˵ͷ˵
Ҷ֮Ժǹջ죬ͨոյĽ̸϶첻⣬ȽԼ֮ħܻ꣬ܿԼɱ߶ᡣ
ԣµľᣬһδջ꣬ԼᣬֻҪ뵽Լ꺣Уͨ챾£ҲԼ׸
㻹ȱ
ȻҶĻ۾ɵ͸һ˿֮ɫû뵽Ҷϵô࣬Ķˡ
ʦ֪뷢ʲô𣿡
Ҷ֪ʲôܣѹĻޡ
뷢ʱΪʦȷʵӵһ˿࣬һߣԶϰָԽռ棬ѹһֻޡ˼һ£˵
ԶϰָԽռѹʦǺεʵҶ絹һʵ
ܿһ߸Ϊ棬൱ĵߵ棬Ĵڡ˵
澳ܳѹޣͷ򵽵׷ʲôŭȴܣѹҶĬ
ͽǵȴ£ǿԴģϢ£ȥɣЩȲҪĿħһ̳֡ߴٵ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷϥڵϣϢָĵĻơ
Ҷʱ̲סҪ뵽ħĿ¡ûʮİսɱգס˳嶯ĵصȴ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷ罫״̬ѣ֮ڻУ뿪֧Ľƿռ䡣


1019 
ţëԳ
Ҷ뿪ƿռʱǿһߴɽ¸оëԳϢ
ȻҶһսɵĶ̫󣬾ֻɽ֮ðտ鿴
ȥ㣬û뵽Ͷãʡ鷳ˣ
Ҷ¶һ˿ΣյЦݣ̤˺ſһ̶ƿɽȥ
࣬ô㣡
ɽ֮µĽëԳٷ֮˾Ȼǵ걻׷ɱǱߵҶʱͭ͸׶֮ɫֿ죬˵
ô𣿡Ҷ¶֮ɫԵ˵ϻи鷢
˵ţе⣬⣬ص籡壬ٵػ㼯γһֻ֣ѹؿץ˽ëԳ
໣
ץëԳ˳ŭ𣬾ɽ־Ӵб֮ױȵ˫ȭ˵֡
µĹӲ˵֣ձ
ȶҪǿʸң
ʶëԳĹҶ粻ϲٵݵ⣬ӡһǼǵ֣һĸɽͺëԳ
࣬ʵôô࣡
ҽʱëԳҶʵǿĲ⣬
ķϻһĶ࣡
Ҷҡҡͷ긡ֳ壬£˿µĽ֮ͼйĵ֮ɱ˽ëԳ
䣡
ëԳҷ֮ȭͷн֮ͼʱͼйĽ֮ˣӴ˴Ѫ
࣬㣬´μ棬һ˺㣡
ʶҶ羪˵ʵëԳҾôһݻѸ뿪
´ˣ
Ҷ̤һԳԽëԳٶס
ţҶ֮Ѫȼգ仯ͷ۵ռֳ̬رëԳսµĹ˲ѹס˽ëԳϵػ塣
񱩣
Ʋϼأȫŭ˽ëԳһʩչ˴ͨͭ۶ʱѪɫһ˲ĿϢѪܵб
״̬ëԳսһȼͭƤǽסҶۻӶһر
࣬һҪ˺㣡
ëԳײеĺڵԱȫ˳
ͽҪҪʦɱֻӣ
оҶ繥ƱëԳѹƣҶ꺣С
ãҾ棡Ҷɫɵ˵
˵꣬ҶȼħѪǵͬʱǽڽգ֮䳬˽ëԳﵽһǧ붯ֱӽ񱩵ĽëԳҷ˳ȥײ׸ߵĹľ
ëԳǿ֮ʱҶ糱ˮĹϮ˹趯ر͵ĹֻѽëԳƤȫ¼ûһ⡣
ԳԸԸң
Ҷ翴ˣɥʧĽëԳϵʵ
룬ҾҲ᳼㣡ëԳӲ˵
ɲ㣡
˵ţҶرϵعëԳԴս˹ȥӴصص˵ϡ
Ǭգ
ҶһëԳսǬУִӶ֪˽ëԳϳϳϴһգõ˱ߵԼ֮顣
ͽҪʱˡǸϿǰɣ
ҶֵԽǿԽ̲סҪߴٵ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷռ뿪֮ٵλһ˵ȥ
ԼʱٶȼҶɵ͸Ϣĺɫɽ֮Уռڶһ㣬й֮ڡ
ʦħеʲôط
ҶΣķУǰѻĺ׹ǣɭɽ֣ʵ
ûб仯λãӦߵİ׹Ͽ˵
Ϊָ밲࣬ǵȿµĻ籩Ҷָ£һʱ˰׹Ƕѻɽİ׹ϿС
ڰ׹ϿҶǿо˽Ƶ
ħħǸС˹ûб任λãͬоɽĽ˳޵
ʦȫϢħԣͽȶ֣ħսʱ죬ʦбɱһɱһʧҶ翴ƹΪ룬ɾ衣
򵥣ʩչֶҷʱڣħҵĴڣ
˵ţʩչֶΣ֮飬Ϣ
֮飬֮飬ҵõ飬ھתѨУ֪ܲܽһҵ塣
оϢʧҶ¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫ̤ɽ˱׹Ǹǵİ׹ϿУڰ׹Ͽ׹ǸǵħϿա


1020 Ծ
Ǭƣ
Ҷһʮ˰Ǭ֮壬£Ľ깥ħµħγһɹǿŴƬƬİ׹ǡ
ҶǬ󹥻֮ʣҲڼݣܿ죬ħı㣬ʮ˰Ǭ֮ںһγһ޽иһе͹ħı㡣
Ϲ£ħı˵ѺۣգҶǬ䴩һ޴ȱڡ
Ũ֮
뵽ħУҶоһŨ֮
һˣͻ˿µ֮ŵҡεˡ
Ҷ֮ľǧǿޱȣһ˿Ӱ죬һʮž޴­ѻİ׹ͷɽϣɢŵĹ⣬ڰںһ֮顣
д֣ץ
Ҷһ̽еⱬγһֻд֣ץ֮顣
дץס֮ʱ֮֮͸дУ˲Ϣ֮䣬дִˡ
ţɲ㣡
Ҷ緢֣֮дֺħ겢ûг֣⣬صӿ壬еںϣץ֮顣
µĵ⽫һſž޴­ѡ
꣡
ֵȻ޷ץ֮飬ӿ֮ˡ
Ҷĵ̽ħ·𲻸ڣûг֣Ҳδ
ϳʥף
ҶԿڰ׹ͷɽϵ֮飬ſͣһϳʥ׷ǿƻݺݵغ֮顣
ʲôˣôĵӣҾű˯
ϳʥ׹£һϵ֮ѣŭ
ѣҺ䣡
ħѣҶһ߿ϳʥ׼һʩչѣγһɹǿѣ֮֮УֱӶей
С㻹ҹңȥɣ
Ŵ⵽ϳʥףѣȫŭħ޷Ƶŭʮ׸ߵİ׹ɽ֮鹥Ҷ硣
ȸŷǡ
֮鼫ϮҶٻŵŵײ֮飬ǿӻ֮Ĺٶȡ
䣡
֮ŵ˼ҵײǿײǿŵ
ʱҶ콣ںһ𣬻һֽâ˺ѿգٶȾ˵Ĵ֮ϡ
ʱһڵ콣⼤µſռݺύѺۣ·ʱܱһ㡣
Ѫȼգ
ոëԳһսҶȼħѪʱ޷ȼգֻȼѪǿ֮жԿ
ѪϢˣôҵģǲǸƭԸҵģ
ܵҶɢѪϢħ𷢳ײе
ߣԹħԹɡ
ҶһˮҲ壬ϳʥںϣγ˿µ֮ŭ˾춯صĺ˲佫֮ˡ
ߣƾҲɱң㣬Ǹˣ
֮ŭܿ£ȴ޷ƿ֮ķħ֮˺֮ŭҶ磬Ҷĵ
Ǭ󣬷
Σʱ̣Ҷʮ˰Ǭ֮˽ͼǰȫȴȻ޷ֵ֮Ĺ
ۿ֮ҶϣҶ罫ٻ˳ǰֵס֮ıɱһ
Ʒʥû뵽ȵͼλ棬мƷʥĴڣ⣬ʵӵмƷʥҲûãı䲻ˡ
˵ţħ֮֮춯أƱҪҶɱ
赣
֮ĹҶһھѪڽ˾УȻ󼸺ȫĻע뵽Уγһɱߺ֮ϡ
䣡
֮⵽ɱҲһ£ɿµҵĶԳ⣬ƻħ꣬Ҷ˳ȥӲ沼Ѻۣ顣
ʦҵֵסˣˣ
صҶѪ
ಣ
Ҷ绰䣬֮Ҷ壬һĨ⣬֮ײһ𣬽ɱħơ
죬飬Ȼϣħŭ
ߣħ𣬽ĩգԹɣ
һ֮ȫ֮鼤ҵɱҪħ֮ʣɱ
ʥҶԹʱҶԶԶضһߣһڻˮһѸٵˣһ߹ս̬ķչ


1021 ̵ְ
ħȻֻʣ꣬ʥ£Ϊ˻ɱԷǲϧ۵ȼ꣬ʥ
ܿ죬ħֵƬƿռˣһɹɻ֮͸ռѺͷųһС
ħʵ൱ħո⵽۳ľɱܵ˲СĴˣ䲻һƸء
ʥɱ˰ʱħ꽥֧ƱѹƣƸϼء
ܣǿҪְħȻҽжᣬʵȫлɱңĿʥ֮ɱҶеʵϵĲࡣ
ӵԣǵƣʶǵʵʥĿ£Ҷͳˡ

Ʋϼأħʼƴˣʩչǿͨħ֮ںһ𣬻һ߳ޣֲ˷ϣЯϢħɱ⣬ɱ֮顣
Ž裡
ħʩչϮҲҴ⣬ϧ۵Ľȼ£γһɽľ޽նޡ
ʩչŽ蹥ʱ޽лһƻӴֱӹħꡣ
ͨ£¹ؽӰ滨׺ŭκ𡭡
ֲ̫ˣͨԶԶɣҵĹ¿ɹھ½
ԶҶ磬ĿôŽ֮ĶԾĶ
ԺеҲʱٵݣ򶥼ͨ
۴ǹŽ裬̫£һʱҲݲʵء
Ƕ֮ĶԾҶ۽磬˲ٸǳ
ƣ
ħ𱩺һµ˫ĩգݺݵʩչĹŽ裬֮ϣеꡣ
죬ʮδøˣСˣҲңǻˡ
ʩչ꣬ħ𷢳ײе˵
ħ𣬲ҪΪܿҵĹŽ裬ʩչŽһʽɣʾ˵
죬㻹Լ𣬶ʢʱ㶼ʩչŽһʽʩչħļԹɡ
˵ţħʩչƻԡѪɲޣɱ죬Ҫ֮꣬顣
ͽħʵ̫£ٹʦԵУ
ħȻ˱أʩչĴȴ죬ѣֻҶ硣
ã
ˮָСֻҶѸٿϵͷŶ˼ϳʥף֮飬ǣħķ
ģ㣡
ϳʥ׹ħԽӵıŭͻȻ죬Ҷ緢ҪȽҶɱ
ߣҪ˺ͽ
췴Ӧ죬֮鵲֮ǰħɱҶĻᡣ
ͽ죬飬ȻȱӵֶƭСӣԹԸħЦһϲң»ɡ
ƨƻҺͽĹϵ߳ŭ
죬αӣҪˣҪռʥӶ͵Ϯңýءħм˵Сǿеܲ٣ȷʵѵĶҶЩĶˡ
ʦǡ
ħ֮ĶԻҶѸٶԶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Уȴ¶һ˿ڴڴħ𶼶ԼԼԣɱǵ꣬ӶǵĴͨ
ͽ㲻£ʦӺģ쿴ҶԶ޵ֱ
ʱҶ类Żˣˮһգп
죬˵⻰ѵ𣿡ħЦһȻҪαӣҾͳȫ㣬ôõ壬Ҷɡ
˵ţħȼյȫע뵽֮Уһɽһ㣬Ŵ֮ĹŽâҶ硣
룡
쿴ħҲҪҶ磬ʱ֮鵲֮ǰʥӲ˴֮顣
ʥײ˲䣬ħͻȻ֮飬һɫУҶ磬ҪƿĻ꺣꽫ᡣ
ͽ
ʧȥȻ붼û룬Ѹ뿪˾Ҳ֮飬׷ħ꣬ҶĻᡣ
ħ˫˫Ҷɵһ˰Уȴ£ڻ꺣Уʱ׼Ƕ귢һ
ۣ
ħƿҶ꺣ƽ꺣УʱѪ߿˳
ţҲƽҶ꺣ԻסҶ꣬Ƕ˵ͽҶˡ
ԣɣ
ħҪҶ꺣оһʱԳˣγϯ꺣УǶ˾ֵĿע£ûˡ
ʲô
ǶҲû뵽Ҷ꺣ֻȿµĴڣҪѶ
Ծɱ䣬ʮֿ£ǶʮǱص˺飬ˣԶʧؼ䡣


1022 󵨵ľٶ
ڽˣ
ħ˲䣬ԺеĴʹʧ߿ѪҶ糤һ¶˽ٺЦݡ
һǿסԺеѣθкʹУű֮֮֮ߣѪ󣬿ԿٵǶꡣ
컹ħ꾭ʥǿޱȣڰɢ
ʱѳ˴ϸʼ˵ߴν̡
ȻǰΣԽ̶ʮֵĻΣܵ꣬Խٶȴ
ʮʱ䣬Ծ˵ߴν۳Ƭѳ߿ԡ
ȻԤڵһ죬ħ꣬˵ߴνѳɻԣҶ¶˵Цݣǲ֪ƬǲǴŽھ
һ˿ڴҶ羲͸ƬС
ֻйŽھûдھ
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Ҷһʦʱ֣輫Թھ½ﵽˮ׼
Լں䣬
ǴԵõŽھҲǲСĻԵʦҸҪں䣬ӦÿԴʥƼϵĳɹʣ
һ״̬ԺеҶȲ͸Ž칬ĴͨԼĵơ
͸ŽḶ́Ҷ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
֣ƬֻйŽһھûк֮
ȻֻŽһʽһʽ󣬹ʱԻʶĴ֮˲䣬֮ҲɱնѲ񷣬ɽӴ󽭣ȼԳһʥ»֮ϡ
û뵽ʵջ񣡡
ʥǹŽ裬ǿԵһﶼ޴Ĳ
Ҷ׼Ǳһʱ䣬͸ͨȻŽʥڽ壬һǱǿʵ
ܣ޷һҪκ˴ң
ҶٻػԼŽһʽͨ¡
ʱҲڽзٵš
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУ¼ҷޱϢһ㴫½е½Ҳ֪£뵽С
ʧصȴ׷ɱѣҶ˵ͷȫƽλڶĵ֮ԨΧƣҪȡ֮ԨеĴԵ뿪͸ŹĶ½
ǬΪ׵ȫƽ£֮ԨΧĽƲɶĿռѺڶײէ֡
ڣֲиŬ£֮ԨΧˣ¶ɴһĵ֮Ԩڡ
֮Ԩڳ֣ɳ̽뵽֮ԨУ̽ʵ
֮̽ԨûãϢϢصƾˣǬ˼̽ͷ
ͨ£
һʱǱޣҶ£˹Žһʽ
һӴĴ֮ɽĽâӡŷܵĴӡǣ¸գйĵѹһУݺݵնԶ
䣡
׹Ͽһ£Ŀռѡ
һݹ᲻֪Ľڰ׹ϿӣµĽ׹ϿкĹǺ飬Ͽ緢һ㣬Ҳ
⽣ͨµȻĴ֮ս޻ʼ޸ֶһֵܵס
ǰѵĿռ䣬׵Ľۺ蹵Ҷ¶˵ЦݣԹŽһʽʮ⡣
˽ͨУҶ翪ʼŽʥڽѨС
ȻҶʵ޷ʥֻҪʥѨУѨϵһ죬ʥӵ¡
֮ҶڽλеѨУһѨں֮飬Ҷ˫۹Դʱܸ
֮ǿ֮Ҷ罫ڽλŦĺͥѨУ֮ͨŦظҶ壬ָٶȡ
תųһͨӦÿԽʥѨаɣ
Ҷһ״̬һתת䣬Щðհ㽫ʥһѨͥѨС
ʱҶ߶ȽţԼܲסʥ̺޷ˡ
ȴ˳űҶѪʥûзҶתת䣬ѨͥѨС
ʥѨںһʱҶķ֣ԼԲˣͼ
ɹˣ
оʥԼѨںϣԼ۳ͼҶ糤һһֲʵĸо
ת䲻һͨȻǿ󣡡
оѨϵı仯ҶЩȲҪ˼Լս


1023 ֮֮
ëԳԸԸң
ҶصǬУȬ۸˺۵ĽëԳʵ
룬Ҿǰһ࣡
ëԳĵؿɽУҺ̬Ķƹİ
ǺãҸһᣬȭȭ㻹վţҾͷ뿪պҲ鷳ȭֵס͹ԹԳҰɣ
Ҷ翴ѱӵͭƤǣŴĽëԳ
ģëԳ۾һЩɵ˵ֵܵȭ£ͷ뿪
ϷԣҼȻ˵ˣͲƭ㣡Ҷ¶Цݣ֤
ãȭֵסҾͳ㣬Զĸ㣬ģ
ëԳԼķţԼҶȭֵסǿ׳ظ˵
ֻҪ㳼ʮ꣬ʮ֮޷ͻƵʥޣԻỹɣҶҡҡͷܾ
ȴ˵ɣ
ëԳ۾һɣ¶ŭ֮ɫһǿӴб
񱩣
ëԳ쳤ХһʩչͨһǿĿ֮бսͷ
׼ˣҪʼ
ëԳͨӵ£ﵽǿʱҶһѨϵ˲ǧںλѨе֮飬ٴαǧ
꣡
Ҷһֱ̤Ӳ˽µĵ棬ԭػһӰգ֮ڽëԳӴǰҷ֮ȭͷݺݵغ˽ëԳؿڡ
Ҷ䱬ؿëԳѸٽ˫ƵǰֵҶһȭ
ȭλѨе֮ǿ֮ںŰǧݺݵغڽëԳ˫ϣ
⣬⵽ʲô
оԼ˫⵽ҶһȭļˣҲʼɱ񣬽ëԳɴۣͭ¶˾֮ɫ
ڶȭСˣ
ҶһȼħѪ仯ĳɫ壬Ӳһǧһ֮֮һȭ˴ʧɫĽëԳ
ոһȭëԳ˫֮鹥أһȭҶ罫˽һȭƿķʮ׸ߵĽëԳһȭ˳ȥصײԶһӲʯϣѪѪ
⣬˫۵Ͼˣ
ëԳżٿή˫ۣоԼ˫֮ϵԽԽʱ
ʧȥ˫ۣҲû壬ʥ޵ǰ
һȭһȭȻվţҾͷ뿪Ҷ翴Ŵӵ亹ƵĽëԳ¶˭İ˵
ȣȵȣ
̵Ҷ繥Ŀ£ĻҵĽëԳ
ҶȴţһŽһռĵ̤ѣһǧ˵ȭ˽ëԳؿڡ
˫ۼήʧȥ֪ëԳ޷˫۷Ҷ֮ȭͷ壬оԼҲ˫ǰ㣬ҶӲȥ
ϣԼعҲûʲô塣
֮£¶ֵĽëԳסס֣䣬ˡ
ëԳʱҶȭͷѾǿ׳ؿϣȭͷ͸ֱ֮Ӵ͸ӿ壬һ̤Źصĸо
ˣҶ¶˵Цݣ˵ԸԸҡ
ңԸ⳼㣡ëԳ˸߹ͷ­ε˵ҳ֮ɷָ˫۵Ҳʧȥ˫ۡ
ԣ
Ҷ˵ͷʹ˵
лл
ҶָܻԼ˫ëԳ¶һ˿Ϯ֮ɫ
ëԳѡ˳ո⵽Ķ¶һ˿֮ɫ׼һúóһ
ˣڲҪֿһʩӡǣģʩӵӡǶ㲻ɺܴӰ졣Ҷ粻ݿܵ
ǣ
ëԳر۾ҶʩչԦԼʩӡǡ
㣬Գͽˣ㣬ԴԳһĴͨӦöаҶ纰ڳļս޻ʾ㣬˵
ԳһëԳۣͭŽοɰ˵㣬ŵ˵㲻𣿡
˭˵಻ӵԳѪ۾״ʮֿɰ˵Գ͸һɣ㸺𱣻ңҴԳһͨ
ãһΪԺ˭㣬Һƴ
ܵ͸ȼԶʤԼĽͫԳѪϢëԳͭ͸֮ɫؿ㣬ظ֤
ˣɡҶ¶Цݣָ֮˽ëԳ˫磬ߣȥ󡣡
˵꣬ҶŻ뿪Ǭǰĺ󴦡


1024 
Ȼʧȥǰָ󽵵ͣ
ǰռڶһ㣬ƻƣ糤߰໥͸ΣպͽϢҶо۷ڵİٷ֮һԼʵлὫƵġ
ϴУҪ󣬱вУ
ޱѹʮ꣬˽⣬˵
ã󣡡
Ҷ˵ͷһ߽īһ˿С
ˣ
Ҷո߽ɽӿӿ꺣Уꡣ
ʵҶӵǿ׵סе깥Żޣٵȥ
ţҶоеĿռѹͻȻһΡĸɽݺݵѹԼ塣
ž룬е깥ͿռѹɱĵҶƷѹ޷Ӱ쵽
໣
Ҷͻ޿ʱһ޺
Ĵ޻ˣһѪڣ˺ҧҶͻޣҪɡ
ϳʥףƣ
һлĿǣ޻ϮҶӿϳʥףЯǿƻܣһֻֻ޻˺Ѻˡ

ҶʩչֶΣеʱһ
һ̣Ӳӣ·̺ǳ֮ڵĿռ䣬糤һ㹥Ҷͻޡ
콣ƣ
꣬е֮ҶвҶʵ˰౶ﵽļս޻ʾ硣
Ϊʧȥ˰ָ½޷˺Ҷֺ
Ҷֳֵ콣£һն֮ϱҶ飬ҶŻ޼ǰܿĴ
ʲô
ҶԵĹ˺Ľƣ޽ʱĴƯһž޴Ĺ򣬶зŴµơ
ǹոչǵ֮γɵģֻҪƵסҹǺ֮ͻʧ˵
ܣȥ
о̺ͬСɣҶ粻Ҵ⣬᲻ɴݵĽٻ˳
ˣ
ֳһƷȼͷ󵶣ݺݵնʱһĿİ׹
ٵĵӿ˲Ϣ֮仯֮һ㽫棬Ĺ
֮£̺ٵģÿÿ˺֮ᱻµ
ǿߵֱʣ½˾ųɻȹ
о̺ģҶ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ˼һ£ٻ޷һ𹥻
콣ã
Ҷ籬֮˺ӿѹӵУⱬڽ콣С
һն嫵Ľ˺ռ䣬ãһƲɵݺݵնϡ
꣡
Ҷһгһ΢Ѻۡ
͸Ѻйγ˷յ֮ҪҶסɱ
Ѫȼգ
֮ϮҶȼѪľ֮ǿнѪںһս
ͷۣ
ţҶ仯ͷ۵ռֳֽ̬ꪣ꣬ر͵Ĺӵ£ӲΡ
ޣҲʱȫϷ鳤һ㣬ն֮
Ž裬ͨ£
Ҷ۵ֵס֮˲䣬ʩչոյĹŽ裬ն
һҵĽâڵ콣ӳ˲Ĥ֮ĵĴ֮¸գնѽӣйĵ⣬˴֮ݺݵն֮ϡ
һ̫ǿ˿ռܼޣƬƬĿռŴâĹ켣׷׵ݡ
꣡
⵽Ҷն֮ٴαѿѺۡ
ѺԽԽ࣬ӿҲԽԽܼҶ磬˲С鷳
䣡
ۿҶ类֮ס壬仯ҡҷӴŻԵӲ˺ܼѺԽԽϣӾѺ
赣ƣ
ǧ֮͸Ѻ۷ɳҶ˾赣Ѫʥ֮飬ԴԴעγһɱߺϡ
⵽赹ӲһȱڣҲ֮½
㣬ɱ¾֮ħƣѪʨǣԳ˫ͷ棬Һ
赳յҶ罫аٻ˳һ𹥻֧
䣡
һ͵Ĺ£֮صˡ


1025 ʥ췣
ˣ
ſռڶʧڻɺԵҶ糤һһڻˮٵػָĵĻ
λͥѨе֮飬Ҳʱ֮Ҷ壬ӿָٶȡ
໣ǺҵĹǺһˣ
˷ܵرһ˲Զɢڵϣŵ̺֮Ƶľ޴Ǻ¶˷֮ɫ
ǿģôὫǺ̶ȡ
Ż޵ĹǺëԳе˵ȼϵĲ࣬¶ŨŨ֮ɫ޵˼ر仯
ϴ󣬰һҪǺ۱塣˫ð˵
ģڣ˴ġҶ˵ͷ˵
ллϴ󣡡
˵꣬ɫĻ޳µľ޴ǺԣŹǺ͸ϤϢػ¡
֮ȼգ
ûںԼǺʩչͨеȫͷųȼյ֮ȼ˰׻ǺҪڻ׻Ǻ޸ԼǺˣٽںϡ
޵֮Ȼǿޱȣ׻ǺϾʥ޹ǺڻѶȼ󣬻ʩչͨһʱ䣬ڻ˲ְ׻Ǻ
ڣ
һڻ׻ǺľҺһںϽԼǺУ޸ɵˡ
ں˰׻Һ޵ĹǺӳĹ󣬻һµƣ˲佫ѪʨëԳ޵ע˹ȥ԰Ρ
۷ʱڵʵǿʲô̶ȣ
ŻǺƣҶоÿһͷļֵ󣬶
ں˴ĹҺޱѺ۲ϱ޸ĲλҲµİ׹ǡ
ֹ˴Լʱ䣬ͷ֮ȫڻ˰׻ǺľҺȫڽԼǺУɹ޸˹Ǻˡ
Ǻںϣ
ԼĹǺ֮ƹͷУͷųǿͷǿʼ߹Ǻ
֪ںĹǺָܻʵ
Ҷ¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫָܻʥ޵ȼԼжԿʱˡ
¡¡
ȫǺβͲλʱһ𣬴ƬƬ籼ڵĳˮ˷ϯڻͷγںڵĽơ
췣ԽԽĽƣҶ˺뿪ɽ򡣡
⣬ʥ췣ϴҪʥ֮ˡ
ѪʨŽ͸ĻϢеϵĲ˵
Իʵʥ췣Ӧòѡ
ǿ֮һʵ£ҶŻѰعǺһԶɹʥ췣
Իϴʵ츳һܶɹʥ췣ɱʥޣͼռ䣬»ΣաΪʥ޳ޣܻܿɱԻϴҪƼɱʥѶȺܴ󡣡Ѫʨ˵
ɱҶüͷһƣ¶һ˿֮ɫô˵ʥ췣Σϵܴ󡣡
ţǳռ䣬ûսʥ췣Ѫʨ˵ͷ˵
磬֮㣬Աʱ֮裡
޶Ҷ˵ʮҪҶ约ɽʱ⣬֮齻˻ޡ
İϴʥ췣Ѳңһ췣ս߰˵ս·˺ѡ
ãһԸ㻤Ҷ˵ͷѸ˳ȥĵȴ޶ɽ١
¡¡䡭
еԽԽ죬һϢѹϢڽ͸γ˿µ쫷磬ϯء
ӰгôӰѵǴ˵еİ޴٣
ŽӰƵ֣ĽѪʨɴ۾µ˻޵췣ʵ
޴٣޴Σ
Ž͸ϢëԳɴ˫ۣʵ
޴ҲټֻѪޣпܴʥ췣Ѫʨϸ˵
Ѫޣ
ëԳ໥һۣ˴۾еĿɬȣȷʵʲô
ŬǸûʸҶߡ
໣
˵֮ʣһ޺ںĽ𣬿µɽӣؾ䣬Ƽ¶
һ̣ƷܵӰƳ˺Ľƣ룬䣬ߡ
ѵһЯžƻ͵֮ɱ˸ոںϹǺĻޡ
죬үү޵У
쳤ХһĹǺӭնϣµİ޴ٺһ


1026 ֮
䣡
޴ٺڻʱı޾Ļ쫷ϯգʮռ䶼ŤˣججһƬ
й⣡
⵽޵Ӱſ죬˴ƻǿĻй⣬һֻֻ޵Ӱ
ҪƵ޴٣뽫Щ޵ӰȫС
ڻȫ£һֻӰˣʮ췣֮ڻϣӰк˵棬ҳһӡ
ʹ죬̫ʹˣ췣ĸЩɡ
ȼƷҪӲĹǺֵס޴һûˣȥɱһϮ޵Ӱ
ڻȫ£һֻֻ޵Ӱ˺ѣ˴ĵƣڽ˻޹ǺС
ըԻƷİ޴٣ȴ޷ƿ޵ĹǺ˺ʮޡ
ǿķ֪ʱ̣Ƿ֣
ҶĿ͸ҿռ䣬оҷϷܳ޵ӰĽƣԵġ
֣֮в޵
ɽ壡
޼ɱ˰ʱ׹׵ͻȻ󣬻һ׹֮ɽѹ֮ɱһֻֻײ֮޵Ӱ
һ֮£ֻ޵Ӱˣµղѡ
໣
޵Ӱƣȫŭ˰޴٣ʮֻµ޵ӰڼٻĽ£ٵۣܿγһֻһģһ޵Ӱ
ֻ޵Ӱں˰޴ʣԶԶʤոе޵Ӱ˲Св
й⣡
ǰԼӴ󣬸Ļ޵ӰսⲻѿѪڣĻй⣬˻Ӱ
໣
ӰӴнٹ⣬һɽӰĺͷų˲һռ䣬ŷŻй⣬˻ޡ
ɽ壡
оǰĿռ䲻飬ɽһľһƶĴɽӲײ˻Ӱ
һ󣬻֮껹ܵ˲Сˣ֮˼֡
һ˻֮𣬻ӰµɱΪ֮ɫĹգݿŻ޷ķ
ܿ죬޵ĹƱѹˣƵĹǺҲܵһˡ
ǳض
Ǻ˲࣬Ҳл۵İǿʩչĿǰյǿͨӴһŲƵİ׹ǳ׹˻Ӱ
һ̣޻ɵǳΪ˿ռΨһеĹâԼȫߣһ
䣡
׹ǳݺݵ˻ӰϣһѤõĹâգһбըĿĹâ۾
⵽ȫһӰӴѺۣӱײԶ
ǳض
û˷ѵĻᣬٴͷл۵˰׹ǳײ˻ӰƱҪײ顣
ڻ޲ϧ۵һδ͹£ӰѺԽԽ࣬һǰ֫Ǳʩչǳضײ飬˴ĵƣڽ˻޹ǺС
ţвµ
ۿ͵Ļ޿˻ӰϷӴҶǿ귢֣ҷĽгһȫµ֮ǿ˰޴١
Ѫʨ˵ûڶ½ɽ٣Υ˶½һɹ޴٣ɱʥޣͻ½ɱ
оµƶ½֮Ҷ֪֮ˣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
쾧мƷ꾧ȫڽ˽Уʱ׼Σʱýְܳɱһ
ɽ壬飡
ޱһٴα仯ΡߴĻɽһеݺݵ֧ĻӰϡ
ǿֱӽԴұˣڽӿ뵽ӰУ㽫Ӵˡ
ʥ췣үү񫣬ٸҵɡں˴֮ƣʵĻ޴ţ췣֮
ֻ֪֮£᲻ˡ
ţһĻޣҶҡҡͷ¶һ˿Ц
һ߽һ߹͵ĹϷ˺۵ĻӰںŵ֮ơ
ڣڻ͵Ĺ£Ӱˣǧ֮ƣӡ˻޹ǺУʵ
ڻҪ޴̺ĵ⣬ʱһе־壬﷢ë˺ɸߵĽƣշѳ룬һеŰĻϡ
µֱӽӰк˵棬ҳһ󶴣ȫĹǺ֮һǱǧٿס
޶ɹ޴٣ɱʥ޵˲䣬½֮ˡ


1027 ս֮
ģʲô죬ңүүû꣡
оȫĹǺϵѣ޲ϧ۵ȼ꣬ŹǺӡĵֵ֮½֮
κΣֲ̫֮δȫɱʥ޵Ļ޸ֵס
ۿȫǺҪ֮飬Ѹںһ֮飬֮ǿĻָ޸ѵĹǺȫ֮ϴͳ
ܣٰæ
оΣգҶԥǰȥæ
ಣ
һ̶ƿ𣬽ܽٶ۷壬Լķ֮ըĻޣԼ᲻ɴݵ壬˻֮ϣѹ
磬ٳʥ֮Ҫǰ֮ΣҪɱʥ޲һҶ罫ѹһߣ˻޶У
֮֮壬
ѹĻޣʩչͨٵںϹǺӡĴ֮֮޸ǺѺ۵ͬʱȫʥ֮
ʮ֮һ֮һ֮һ
Ҷ缸мƷ꾧ȫڽ˽УлƷ쾧
ɾ˺嫵⵽֮ʮ󣬾֮һҶ粻ϵ֮İ취
赣
Ҷһҧٻ˳ȫеĻע뵽˾Уƾ۳һɱƶϣ˻գֱӹ֮ĸԴ
ˣ
⵽赹˻Ӵľ죬µɢʮƬƬֲʯ飬֩㲼Ѻۣ·Ҫһ㡣
֮Դ⵽赹˲½ʡ˽ܵģȡ˸ʱ䡣
ʱĻ޲ţȫɱ䣬ʥ֮
֮ϴ£ںϴ֮ٶֱǺԽԽӲǱǱһ㼤˳
Լʮ֮Դ˾ɱָǿµٲſռ䣬Žܡ
ܿ죬̺ľˣµ֮˳ȥ
ʥޣɱ䣡
ýܺҶΪȡʱ䣬ں˸ոӡڹǺеĴ֮ƣɹɱʥ޵Ĺ̡
ڵҲɱĹ̽ڽʱ䣬ȫ֮ĺɱ
ģʲôң֪һƨ
ո֮ܵɱ£ϵط飬۵Ļ죬һߵһߴ
֮ʣ죬ҶЩˡ
֮飬ڣ
ۿ޸ո۵֮飬ںһ֮飬֮ȫ޸
ȫϵط飬޸飬޸֮ʣɱ䣬ǺӡĴ֮֮ϴ񣬴˾ɱʥޡ
ϴ󣬽Ǭǹײһã
ȼɱ˲䣬޷˸߰
ã
Ҷ˵ͷʮأǻʬʮּӲͭײģ˳ȥ糤һ˻ޡ
ս̬
סҶͭײģʩչѪͨȫڽֱ̲񷣬Ǳޱȡ
仯ǿսֳ̬־޴ͭײģڽͳٵػӶԿϽµ֮
֮飬ٻָ
ҶһƿˮͥѨе֮飬ϵش´֮ٻָٶȣȴᣬ֮Դ١
ʱһһս̬Ļԡ֮ԡѪɱ̫֮£ϵرͭײģ˵Ļ޵ı壬Ѫģ
ԽԽأ޵ĹٶҲóٻûзҧؿļ֣ӶѺۣӡƵͭײģһ֮ƴ
ע⣬һȫ֮ԴϾ֮Ĺ
о޵̫ãָ߳һҶһȼѪ仯ͷ۵ռ̬תֱͬʱ̡֮

Ҷһ£ֱ۵֮ͬʱ֮ĸԴ
˲䣬ɱ¾֮ħƣ㣬ҲͬʱһңնϣҪڽе֮Դ顣
赣ɱ
Ҷ̣֮ȫĻע뵽У۳˾ɱ˹֮Դ
䣡
һ챬ըھҷĽ𣬿µݿ֮ĸԴŴ֮
ǳض
ץס֮Ļᣬٴλ˾޴ǳңֱϣϷ鴹֮˺ѵǧٿ׵ĽУ֮ǿƵ֮ĸԴ


1028 ؽƮɾ
໣죬ٸҿٸҺݰɱң
֮ʧָֻŵ棬̤У
磬ոչǶ½֮Ҳή֮ʱ˶Ȳ㣡
Ҷ翴ŽĻޣҡҡͷĶ
߰ɣ뿪˵
˵꣬Ҷ罫ˣսǬУٵڷȥ
Ҷ룬ᳵ·뿪룬صأ־ʱУ뿪˱ѩ֣ŷٶȼƮɽȥ
Լһʱ䣬ҶͷɵƮɽ־ʱؽƮɽȻһ£һ½ĸ¥ɽУΪ٣ƮɽеŨ
Ʈ
磬ΪȢϱǡѩƮ㿴Ҷ磬¶һ˿ӵЦݣЦ˵ôǼѵԴײɡ
ˣ
·̾Ϣһ¶һ˿ɬЦݣ˵
ˡ磬¹֮䵽׷ʲôѩƮüͷ΢΢һ壬Щʵ
һѾ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ¼ҷĵ˳Ҳûѵʵݡ
ʲô¹ת֮ǰѣ˺˿ռ棬ص磡
Ҷ署ѩƮһַ˼ĸоѵݳû뵽ܡ
ţҲû뵽ѵͷô󣡡Ҷһ˵۶裬Ҷġ
ţֻҪģһģѩƮ˵ͷ˵
Ʈ㣬λǴһ㽫ԵƮɽԴͷָƮɽήָƮɽ
ҶûģƳһݳ͸ѩƮ㡣
⣬ʲôӣôô󣿡
о̺ԣѩƮɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
֮ݳ˰꣬ڻԵɺµõġҶܵ
֮ݳ꣡ѩƮ㵹һƮɾҲһܺᲢۡ
һ׼Щʱ䣬ǲһٲһɽ󣬱Ʈɽַ
ȻҶ粢ƮɽӣƮɽĸȴƮɽٳ£යһʱ䡣
Ҷ綺ƮɽƮɽͻɽʱħ£뿪Ʈɽǰ˶½¼ҡ
֮ħȥ¼ңǲ²¼Ҹҡһ뾡һа취һ֮ͬԨһ˿Ե
ħȡ¼ΣԼħƣ¼һͬϢϢصĵ֮Ԩ
磬мҪҪȥ֪Ը𣿡
Ҷ绨ʱ䣬Ʈɽвһ޴ľ󣬵ΪһۣƮɽأԼӣûʮʱ䣬Ʈɽָԭò
ϴ˵ûҰ첻˵£ָ¼ʥʵ޺ǧظ˵
ʱޱ仯һĿĴ󺺣絶̳⣬Ŀ棬ը˫˸ϬĹâ˲ֱӣ͸ϢͲ
ȥ½ϴ·ӴһɽҰ
ſĻޣҶ¶˵Цݣ˵

ϴ㿪ЦɣŴɣɵۡ
ողǿºڣû첻˵ôùģ
Ҷ翴ųԱĻޣ¶ŵЦݵ
ϴڵȻܰᶯһɽǲ̫ԶһЩһ룬Ҿ͵ˣץץͷ˵Բ㣺㿴аɣҽɽɽӦñȰһɽЧá
ðɣǾͿȥأ
ҶҲûްɽֻѹһŵ档
İϴһ£ҽɽеȫתƹ
֪ɽ׼ȷλ뿪Ʈɽǰɽھȥˡ
뿪Ҷûģٻǧ죬ֲƮɽ䣬ǧɱͼһǧɱͼΣ˲䱬ĹԺɱļս޻ʡ
ʱһȥΪʵ̫Ҷķ˼Ѫ˽һʱ䣬ǧɱͼ
ڼ䣬ʩչֱͨɽаޱȵ˻뵽ƮɽС
ں˰Ʈɽ췭ظı仯ټϾԴԴƮɽٲȻһ츣ء
Ʈ㣬Щ꼼鵤ҩ͸㣬Ʈɽĸ
Ҷ罫ɱ¾һЩ˳ȫ͸ѩƮ㡣
ȻЩҶ˵ãѩƮ㣬Ʈɽ˵ȴҪӵЩƮɽ붫ɽԶˡ
ΪҶ粻֪˴ȥʱٻڵȴħϢڼ䣬˲ʱ鼧ѩϣź͸£αǴΪʵִǿĵ
Ʈɽһ췢ޱ䣬Ҷ粻ϴŮʱħڴϢѳɹȡ¼ΣΪ׵ʥأҲ׼ڶۼһͬǰ֮Ԩ


1029 ն
Ĵ½أҲ󺣣ޱ޼ʵĿռ䣬ĻԵΣա
˵֮ϹŻʥޣһ֮ѣһڿûһɽ
Ҳ˵֮ϹŴµĶأԵõ̥ǣܡ
ڶഫ˵У֮Ԩȷʵڵġ
֮Ԩ˺ƽƣ򿪵֮ţҲ˸Ĺע
̵֮ԨеĴԵ֮Ԩ̫Σˣٸɥ֮£¼ңɽʥأʥصˣԼ֮̽ԨеķգԼ
Ҷ٣ȼǣֻʦͽƣҶٲҪ֣ħƹ˵
ûϵҶҡҡͷ˵ʱֻ谴˵С
ҶħƣԼħʿϺǰ˶
һʱ·ҶһˣڶԵĺС¹ţ欣˻ˡ
Ȼ¹ŵѻָƣǾȴ̫ãȻǻûдӴлָҶı
Ҳգðս֮Ԩԭֻаٴӵ֮ԨһЩԵǲбס¼ңסϣ
Ҷʵ츳ܿܽ¼ڶ½
ħƣ𣿡ĿɨҶˣʵ
İ¼ҵţҵͽܣ
ħָſƻ֮⣬仯òҶˣ֤
ͽܣʲôʱͽˡ
¹Щ˵ӱâ̬ò仯Ҷ磬·Ҫ
Ҷ罫֮쾳磬ǧǿ¹̫࣬¹Ÿ޷
ˣֻҺ⵽Ⱥһֱε֮ԨĪĻԵҽһ¡ħ˵ʣ˵
֮ؽҶ磬ǺҶ类Ҫ鷳
ԭͽ츳һս޻ʣһ֮ţ¹ŸоҶû⣬˵ͷ˵߰ɣȥ˻ϡ
˵꣬һĶʮˣ˺СԼصȥ絽ԭصȺֻˡ
ţǬ˻Ӷڣ
ԶԶűĿϢ֣Ҷ緢ؾǬгİ˻Ӷڡ
Ǭ˻أʱ޷ԭӦѾȥˡҶĬ
УҶ֪˴ӵģ˾Ǭ򣬳һ˳ƺΪϵߣΪ˾
Ϊ˵õ֮ԨеĴԵų˼ݻݣϹ
˾׶ͳɥҶУˣǵʵ
ʱ֣ɽȺΪ콣ʥԽԽԶټǲ˻ˮûв˴ж
ˣ˶ˣԭϢһҹһ磬ǽ붫ȥ֮Ԩ
һֻһʥظ֣ضһĿϢȴ
һҹʱܿȥһҹϢֽ״̬ѣɫףϢǬԼɫɫ۵ϴ£շԼٶ򶫺֮Ϸȥ
̫˵ٶȣʱ䣬ŷɵ֮Ԩڵĺ
ÿµĽϢ
ҶͷŵĻڲӿĴ֮Уо˽Ƶɽ֮ǿҶǰнơ
ǵ֮ԨݵĿռ䣬һ뺣УСĵ㣬Ϊ֮ԨƵԵʣеĿռʮִʱпռѺ۳֣һռѺɣǵʵĿܣ
˿ռѺۣ֮ԨҲʮֿ£ҺϾֻż޺ں𾨣˲ŽǻɱǬŲգĶ
˵꣬һȣƿ˱̲εɫ棬Լٶ򺣵ȥ
ߣ
ֽ󣬷׷Ծ˴֮УǬˣλںĵ֮Ԩȥ
ţͻȻĺ׿ռһ£һﳤɴһĿռѺ۳֣йŻ֮˼ζڸ֡

㲻ľɽӣ֮Уӱ˺ѵǧٿףռѺɣʬ޴档
ҷɢҪۼһ𡣡
δ֮ԨɽǬɫޱȣ
ⶫ֮йȻ쳣֮Ԩ¸Σգټôһ֮ͬԨӦǵڻңǵķգ
ҶĬţĬĬظħֲָĶȥ
ںеĽƣҶһڶײһ಻֪ĺϿա
ųƶһյصĵ֮ԨѺһĺ


1030 ˭˭
ϢСһЩҪúе޷ǣд鷳
Ǭһ˹ŵȼӡһֻߵĹӡͷһ͸ǿϢĺ֮С
һ˾ϣٻһ沼ܲڰӵ̣󷽣˵·뺣Ļᡣ
С򺣹ײȥʱҶ۾ԣӦΧһһ
ͻȻһĿռѺ۳֣ͷųˮĻ֮һ֡
Ȼָ֪ΣգܵܣռѺ۳ֵ̫ͻȻǱ֮Уȫұ򣬱ӲɱѪ罦˳Ⱦ˺ˮ
ãٷס˿ڣҪѪеޣǽ鷳
ǰǬɫһ
ˮ֮⣬⣡
Ǭ䣬һɫǷһѹȸеӷӦ죬ˮ֮⣬ӵĶϱۣԼڽˮеѪѪζɢ
ɽ׸磡
ò뺣мƵӣҶϳǶһţոͻƵļս޻ʾûõĺɽ
ܺãǼǱСʱֵܳĿռѺۣ˲СıռѺˣԱߵֹѪѪҺޡ
ǬԺɽķӦ⣬˵ͷ˼򺣹ײȥ
ħƣǰһռѺۣٸı䷽λ
£Ҷǰ֪صĿռѺۣϵشħơ
ʥظ֣ȴûҶ˱̬ĸ֪⵽ϱѵĿռѺ۹ء
ĸ֣Ҳʥص˿˶ɡ
ħƣ㣬ΪʲôܶܿռѺۣǵʲôϣĿ¶׹ĺɽݺݵʵ
ֻһЩѣûʲôرľϡħҡҡͷ˵
ģɽɵ˵ôоû˵ʵء
ţҲû취ȷʵûǰԤ֪ħƲ˵һë
ûƭңĲ㣡
ȻɽʵԶħƣΪδûнħƷľ
źɽıӰħ۾͸һĨѱ˲ɱ⡣
Сĵ㣬ǰ򣬾ǵ֮ԨڣǰƬʮΣգŴĿռѺۣвܱռѺɣʬ޴棡Ǭ
үȻǰռôΣգǲҼǰȥ̽·ҳصĿռѺۣٲҪ
ɽɨһħƵˣ
ţ鲻Ǭ̺ؿһ˵ͷ˵
Ǭͬ⣬һӱýţ˶±ѡУƽ׶
ħƣһ·ûһǽ̽·񽻸ΣɽԵ
Ȼԣ
ɽϣħҶ£һڴӦ
ǾףǺˣ
ɽһ¶һ˿Цݡ
ߣ
ħħʿǰˣһֳУ뵽쳣ĪյĿռС
ոǱףһµĿռѺ۳֣һֻɴڣһڽǰ˵ħʿˣµĻ֮壬
ƶ
µҶ紫
ոձռѺ۽ʿҶģ𴩹ƬƱ˻ɣҪ鷳
ħƣҵҪװʲôʱ򣡡ɽܸоħ⣬۾˸ŵɫĬ
ߣǸϣ
Ǭͷǿ֮ħƵˣͬĹ켣ٵ򺣹ײƶ
ˣ
Ҷһ糤һǱʱпµĿռѺ۳֡
Ϊ˲˻ɣҶֹħһħڵʿ䱻ռѺɣɥ
أСҶƬռĩˣ͸ڵĺˮɢĹĵ֮Ԩڡ
Ȼ֮ԨڽߣҶȴû
ҶǿоǰռݺύĿռѺۣΣռ
ôˣڵʲô
ɽħߣʵ
ǰеΣգûʮİհȫͨħɫ˵
򵥡ɽЦ˵㼸ͽ̽£ҵȫ·𣿡
ҿȥ̽·ɣ
ɽָԵҶ磬ɭȻ
ˣ
ںɽҶʱҶ۾˸ŴĻ֮⣬ڿռڣʮ֮ע뵽˫УԺв˴Ļ󣬶ʱʶ
ӻǷŹҰɣҲ޹
ƾػ֮⣬˺ɽʶҶʾ

˵ţʶҶƵĺɽͻȻ٣һ⣬ǰŴռѺ۵ĩˡ
ǣ
ɽһʯӣ˴ĲʮݺύĿռѺͬʱ֣ͷǿĻ֮ϡ
֮䣬ɽƣ屻һռѺ۽飬ʬ޴档


1031 ֮Ԩ
ɽ
ĿúɽһռѺ۽顢ûһĻͼӣ类УһƬհףǰ顣
ţһɳŭɽбѹҶ磬ħƵˡ
ħƣǺôĹҺҶɱǣ
ԼȺúͼʧȥǣһ˵ЯηɱħƵˡ
ӵҺθɣ
ħѸٵҶǰ˵ɱͼס𹥻
ǣҶ𣿡
ͼһֻŭʨѪɫ۾ɭȻ˵ƱҪɱҶ磬ħƵйޡ
ոѾѹǰΣգִðգռѺ˺ɥǸûһϵүǰΪħƲ˵
ͼӵȷʵ޹أڰ˳䣬Ҫ¶ˣ
ħƵ˻üֵδõ֮ԨлԵǰǬѣؾ
үҡ
˵Ҫ¶ˣһԴΪءܻ뿪֮ԨԻһǬ˺ͼĻɫĴ
ǣ
ȻвʣͼȴΥǬòסеɱ⣬ջ˺
ħƵˣȴΪ˱ɱĶֻҪᣬԥֻɱħƵˡ
ߣ߿ռȶһЩ
һ˿֯ɵĳۣϸųɽ룬۾˸ŵͻȻ٣˲ռѺ۵Ļҿռ䡣
ߣ󷨴ʦƣо꣬ӵмߵ裬Ҳһǿ
ƴʦһȣǬϵ˽һռѺ۷϶д
ͼ򸾶ˣŭһҶ磬ħƣ֮ڻҵĿռƬ͸ž޴ΣյĿռ䡣
߰ɣǸϣ
ҶӺͼ͸ɱ⣬һ˶ߣһ߸Ӧռصķգһ߼ٴ
Լʮƴʦ£ҶһоյĴŴռѺ۵Ŀռ䣬֮ڣŨŨϢĵ֮Ԩڡ
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ŵ֮Ԩ͸֮Ҷͣһ£ĪĲһ˿
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ʮʿ֪̽ʱ֮Ԩе֮Աһս޻ʾԵ֮֮Ԩеܸӣû֪ᷢʲôһ˵
һеȽȥ˵Ǭ˵ͷ˵ƴʦˡ
֮⣬⣡
ƴʦٻ˰ʮ죬ٵػ۳һƽ֮ͷųƽ֮ע뵽֮ԨڽϣǿŽ֮Žڡ
ˣҸ֮Ԩ
˵꣬Ǭͷǿİ֮뵽ŵӡУӡɵ⣬סԼһ˿־ĵ֮Ԩڣƿƣʧ
ʲô֮Ԩ
ɫ°˫͸ɭȻ֮ɫϲݿܵ
ϻ䣬Ҷ磬ħƵ˷׷׿ǿĵסԼǿײƲϱڽƣǬ뵽̲ŴԵͬŴΣյĵ֮ԨС
գ¡
뵽֮ԨҶȿģǸ߸УһɫɢŻâ̫Լ͸һɫ
еĻգ£֮ԨһƬżҺε֮͸ëƤУѹľ硣
Ҷ٣ұѹһҾ磬ܷļս޻ʾʵ
֮ܵԨ֮Ӱ죬ħƾܵѹƣæҶ硣
һã֮ҼûӰ죡
ȻҶ˴֮ӵлľ֮ȫ֮֮ԼӰ졣
ԭӦһĿռһʱ֮Ԩ
Ǭϵͬܵѹƣ׷ϥ˵ϣӦ֮Ԩг֮취֮ԼʵӰ졣
ɳɳ
ͻȻһֵĿĦڻҰĿռϥڵ֮Ԩڵˡ
Σգ
ʵǿǬȸ֪Σգ۾һڻƮͷŵֱɱֻƮꡣ
֮Ԩе̫죬һֻܿŵһ̣һ㲻¼ҵС

һĲҽ¼ҵã˴ŧѪõĲλҲ¶ɭ׵Ĺͷ޴ʹ۵ȥϵȡ
ȣҲ
¼ҵŲϸã¶׹ǵ֣ȥףȫѪȫˣһ߰׹ǣĲˡ
һ¼ҵӵ껯һڹ⣬һĿꡣ
ʱƻХ𣬺ݺݵغϣֱӽɱˡ


1032 Σķ
֮ԨȻΣգСĵ㣬ǧҪ塣
ս֮Ԩһˣ˵ʿܵһӰ죬Ǭɫ˵
Ϊ˷ֹٷӦ֮Ԩʱƴʦٻ˶ʮ죬γһסˣֹû͵Ϯ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һʱӦ˵ʵǲԼͬܵѹƣУǬ϶ʵ˫˫䵽ս޻۷֮
ͼ¹ŵˣҲѹһ磬޷۷ʵ
㣬㣬ǰ濪·
֮Ԩ̫ΣգǬûгǿָռѺشսĸ֣ݿܵ
Ȼ֪·ζʲôǲΥǬֻܹԹԵ˵ǰʱֵܳΣգƮŻĵ֮Ԩȥ
һ仨
ţһ׶ߣСͨѪɫɢŷҷ滨ǰע⡣
ԣ⻨йŹ֣
Ȼǰ仨Ư˿仨ʱǸеһ˿ĸоͣ½Ųʱǰˣ滨Ķˣܵ˵Ļ·˻һ㣬˫ۿն滨ȥ
Ҫ
һţһӰͷųǶ˻꺣Уǿл˶ˡ
ʱ滨ͻȻ쳤˻СĻһȦ絶ݣһҧסһ˵ԴֱӽԴҧˡ
ͬĲ˵붼ûͷҪܡ
滨ٶȸ죬ĻҧסԴںͼԮǰԴҧˡ
񣬸𣡡
Ŷӱǰ滨ҧԴͼŭıһƵ񲻶ϵر󣬷·ӵһ㣬ֳֺ棬ݺݵش滨
⵽񹥻滨ҵĲһ£ѪĻ˴Ѻۣȴûз飬˵ϡ
֮ԨеаȻ£ܵһȻû飬⻨ķδ̫ˣ
Ҷüͷһ£о֮ԨеΣճԼʵ޷ţΣյĵطԼϵ
䣡
ںͼƺȫ£滨ˣ¶һԲͨѪɫģڰС
գ
ǰѪ飬Ǭһ̽ĵ⻯һֻ֣ȺͼѪˡ
þѪ̺һĴ
ǬӦһѪ̺۾ʱһսǬָС
ͷ
Ǭָħĸ
ǣ
ѱħƿʶħʿֳޱȵĳǹǰ˼롣
ݵأǰôһƬ͵Ĳݵأ
ڿӿݵĺɫߣ˷˲ٷ绯صĹǺʯͲƵ
ţһƬⰻȻĲݵسǰһҰӭţ
ɾħʿ߽Ƭ̲ĲݵʱͻȻͣŲ¶֮ɫ
ȣǵڸã
ħʿȲϻŧѪ¶ѪܵĹͷͰɫĽƹǣò˸еͷƤ飬ֲѡ

ħʿ˾ȫʧأ͵Ĳݵϡ
ݵؽӴһ˲䣬Ҳʼã̶ΪŧѪ¶˰׹ǣһɹŨŨѪζǶŻ
ԣݵŴ꣬Ǽٷɹȥ
ĿϿӳƬݵصʵŵע˴Ļ̷ΪԼ·
Ҷϡ
Ǭ˷׷׷ɵ˰УظϣƬĲݵϷС
ûɶãڲݵëȻĹҶ˷ҪǵѪ
Ҫ٣Ǽٳȥ
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Ųʹ࣬ʥظָоһɺϮͷð˴亹ܵӰ졣
ħռ䣡
ħƱһǿĻ۳ħһ㣬ҶΧƣɱ꣬ǡ
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ǿͻΧʱƴʦзʮ漫Ʒ죬ͷ۳һĻ󣬴Ļͷų̲ݵصꡣ
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һʱȫͻΧɱƬΣյĲݵأڵ֮ԨзС
ŷţһ翵ĸǶУݸ԰Ρ


1033 ۹ǣϣ
ס񣬲ҪݽС
ŷ·ңԶߣ޾ǳ˵ĸʵǿǬȻָѡ
Ƕ˷׷׷˾쳤Хֱ̲񷣬µվҵĲӲ˻У˱ı֮衣
ÿµĸҵһɲҲʧҶµ˵
͸Ʈ֮Ҷ翴һڷ٣ıѣ¶ŴƬѩ׼ŮһϪߣֳһӣһᶯںڵĳһߵ
ǲҪߣҡ
ҺüįҪ㡭
ĸȻֹǵĳŮַ˲ħ̴쵴е̽һԽľɽӻ꺣С
һ̣ɽӵĿÿնаһ㣬ͻȻŮӷȥٶ֮죬˵ķӦ
ƣһ
ɽ弶ս޻ʾԨһĵб۳һֻ֣ץʶܵԻʧȥҵƣҪץ
ͻȻŮеӷһ֮⣬ǿֱӻԨ۵֡
һ̣ëȻһĻˡ
Ůӻת¶һΪõָ״̽ƵУӲǰ¶ʺ죬䶯ӣѪ罦ڿС

һʹŮָףֱڳƵӣʮܵĽ̵˶С
ȻһҧƲĲϣȸȫѪҺ
ζѾûгԹζˡ
ŮɺͷǲѪգζ˵
Ҫ
Ԩ˽ӣ츳ףͻƵһս޻ʾ磬ĿһĻԨĶˣŭһٻ˵ӣ쵴Ŵ̶Ůӡ
ˡ
ո˺ѵֵӼݺݵײϣסӣһ
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ͻȻϪߵŮӹʧ
Сģ
ͫһѣǿ籼ϮĳӣԨǰĿռ䣬Ӳٶȹ켣еŮը˳
ڤָƣѪƼ
ԨѸٵָһǿһָâݺݵشŮϣҪ̴
ಣ
һ̶ƿŮٴζٶȹ켣УܿԨʩչڤָһʧɫ¼ҵǰ
Σ֣¼ҵӱܡ
ͻȻǰ˴ĻһŰɫɴ֣òŮӳǰָ̬ʮ㣬ջһ˲ʧء
ħ
¼ҵΣգ¹ţѸٳֹħӰֳ壬ͷųħŮӣҪˡ
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ħ˷
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໡
Ůӱħˣľżһ˵֮ٻݺݵغڹŮӵϣ˳ȥؿڰݽ塣
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ˣŮӷ˻Хںڵĳ裬ӿ壬뼫ٿż޼սһ
żʵ£Ůʵǿһֵ֮ס͵Ĺƣδ·硣
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ʨһǿ׳иֳһֻ͵ʨӰһǰĺɱ˹ŮӣҪ顣
ţʱһҪŮӺɱ
ͻȻŮӵģڽ˼Уܿ˽ʨţһҪܡ
ܵõ𣿡
ǬӦٶȸ죬һ˹ŮǰһȵĻ壬ֱӽŮûˡ
𣡡
ȻɣŮӷʹధϵйǿҪ˺ܡ
ǬշƷʼߣϵط壬ѵĻᡣ
֮䣬ϵѪڻˣֻʣɭ׵Ĺͷ
ӡ
Ǭһѹĵָ⣬ӡݺݵغھİ׹ϣİ׹Ƿˣʶ
񱩵ϢɢʱһżСͨɫ·ĹǽڸڰУӳŵ⣬


1034 ۹ǣ£
⣬ѵ۹ǣģ
ƯڰУ·ĹǽڣǬϵ۾ʱԵ쳣
գ
Ǭһ̽۳һֻ֣ץס۹ǣսġ
֮ͷ̺֮
Ų·ĳɫǽڣ̺Ǭ֤ʵ˴ԣӵļ
үʲô۹ǣ֮ԨʲôطͼɫǬʵ
ʵĲҪʣߣǰС
Ǭָ˳̬ǬָóһУ۹ǷӡںУպ֮󣬼֮Ԩзȥ
۹ǡ
ȺеҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ȷ֪֮Ԩܣܼп崫йء
ѵҲѪҶԺиֳһƵͷܿ죬ַͷ
֮ԨŨ˺ѷֱ淽ֻϵĻպͺ£ģıϷ
ûɶãѪû﹥˲ٹ򣬽𣬵õһѪ顣
ʱһȥһΣķĵ֮ԨǰС
ž룬֮ԨԽԽ࣬˲С鷳ٴ
ħһʿԼɽһӣ곱¼Ҳһ˱˺ֱۣ⵽شս
ڼɱУǻ˰˿ſȴѪ飬ȴû۹ǻûǬΪź
ˣҹǾǰɽϢһҹһ֮̽Ԩ
еĻԽԽڣԽԽ˶һ׸ߣûʲôֲͺͺɽ£ϢָĵĻ
ռԽԽʱϢָˣͻȻоµĵ·һɿֲڵص
꣡
ǱɽͻȻѣһɹɳɫѵɽԼɽ֮ʮĵ籡
ʱݣڵҹҲӳѪɫ
ԣ뿪
оеɷԽԽŨҹеѪɫԽԽ࣬ռȫң˵ĲᵽŨŨϢѸ󷽷ȥ
¡¡
˸ոշߣƬƬĳɫӿ˲佫׸ߵɽûˣſռ
ڳɫУһ˺ѿռĳɫ籩ϯ纣Хһǵص׷Ҷˡ

оɫ籩һֻľޣɣϣɫ䣬ٶ۷壬ҹ»һӰȫ
ҶٶȿνǼ죬ĳɫ籩ƶٶȸ죬籩̺ϵس˵飬ݿ־֮С
Լһʱ䣬ǰñ˺ֱۣʵ¼Ҹֱɫ籩ûգ֮ʬ޴档
ֹ˲ãٴһ˱ɫ籩ˡ
ҷֿǰɽѰұӻ֮أȰȫ֮ôѶϵ
ӽһΡߴĺɫɽ֮ʱǬϣ
Ǭ䣬ɽзɢȫԽ׸ߵɽѰűӻ
¡¡
˷Ծɽ֮ʣɫķ籩ݺݵغںɫɽУµųɽҵĲƬƬֲɽʯΪĩɽҲ˹ѡ
֮ԨȻΣգȿµʥϯ棬ҲĿܡ
ٶȼҶ磬Ƭ಻֪ɽתŲƣԽһվɽ
ڣɫɽзһ಻֪ĵصѺۣһ˽ȥ
һ̣һ뵽ǬУȴɻ籩ȥ
ʱһһɫķ籩˰ʱŽɢȥ
ܻ籩ϴռһƬǽ壬г֮Ũϵʴ˵壬һѹǵʵ
о԰ȫˣҶһ뿪Ǭ棬׼ϵħϡ
ţʲôˣ
ҶոóѶ飬ͻȻоһǿϢüͷ΢΢һ壬˵طԶˣһɫۣһưɫףͷһŹ
ƽϣ
Ŀ¶׹⣬ٷߣҶϳǶλϹ죬ͼϺƽ弶ս޻ʾʵ
һֱڶأԺƽǴ˴ζжĶλӣ֮ϡ
СӣҲò˵ĺܲң˵Ҹʲôֶĥ㣬Ϊɽأƽ¶һ˿ײеЦݣ˵
ʵ仰Ӧ˵Ŷԣ
Ҷ΢΢̣һɳƽϢб˺ƽͷŵϢ塣
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ƽû뵽Ҷʵʵôǿɫ΢΢һ䣬иˣٴеʵ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣĽգļգ
ҶɱȻ˵ӿ
׼ÿ֮ڣѸɱƽʵ


1035 ɱľ
ŭ
оЩԾҶʵͼıƽԥȼѪ֮仯ǿ޻̬ʩչǿĴеҶ硣
ӿ壬ͷٵۣγһƬޱߵĴ󺣣ڴзڣˮŭϮ¡
䣡
µĿκݺݵغվԭأûܵҶϣ˲佫ûˡ
һ̣Ϳгһ޴ѺۣҶһ̤ѿŭƵ˺ƽĹ̤ɱӿնϡ
ˮˮӰˮӰ
ʶҶ̤ѿŭһĻƽĲˣѸٽ֮£һֻûһֻײеĺ裬һֻûһֻ͵գ˼ٿҶ硣

ҶӺƽʩչˮһ̤һܵĽͼ£Ľ֮ƷһƬ꣬ˮӰˮӰ˺ˡ
ţһֻдַҶ壬̩ɽѹ֮ƣ˺ƽ
һ̽£Բһռ䷢Ťռӻ˺ƽٶȣݺݵӡϣƿĻӰк˵棬Ѫ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
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˭
Ҷ΢΢һЦ̤һ۷˺ƽҪѸٻɱ
飬𣡡
ƽѸͷĹѪŹĹҷųĵ⣬һżǣɱҶ硣
֮飬ƣ
ҶûٻκεĵǼѨѨе֮飬Źһȭȥ
꣡
ҶȭͷаǧŨŨ֮鱻صػ˳ȥһѺںӡ
ʲôһȭѵ
ĿǰһĻúƽӲţҶ幥˵Ŀ£ܴѡ
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Ҷѱ˵պһȭ֮ȭâž˵ѹȸУݺݵغȥȺƽѸ㡣
˲䣬ҶڰлһӰԾ˵ٶȳԣٴκһȭؿϣһȭ˳ȥؿڰݽ壬ѪҲʼή
֮
оҶһȭȻϾԼѪƽĿ־ˣϧ۵ʩչѪݣҪǿͻΧܡ
ͣ
һƥ˺ѵ
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գ
ǿƻɱ˺ƽҶ³һڻʬ壬ʬ𼣡
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ôأ
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ò˶ã½ûж¼ңɽˣ¿һˡҶ͸¶˭İ°˵
㣬Ҷ硭
ҶĻľüͷһƣµҶݡ
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ľ裬û뵽㻹ͦȻµҵݡҶ΢΢һЦ̹ȻسԼݡ
Ѫݣ
֪ǰ֮Ҷ磬ľеһ˿ˣԥȼȫѪҺһѪҪ뿪ط졣
ֻҪ뿪лԮʱоˡ
֪ҵݣԼܵĵ𣿡
Ҷͫһ˻Ѫܵľ裬£ӳԺһӰԳԽٵٶȣ˺ѿռ䣬ľ衣
ͣ
궴֮ľ壬룬Ѫ£ڰн䣬Ⱦ˵档
úÿ죡
Ҷľʬ𼣣׼뿪ʱǿоԨʨϢ߿ԥһ£ɱǵͷǬС


1036 ޻
裬Ϣʧˣѵ⵽˶֡
ԨϵطʱľϢʧˣ֮ĿƮ˿˿ѪϢĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
˭˭ô󵨣ɱҶҪţ塣Ԩһֻ˵ĹǣѪɫ۾쳤Х
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طûˣ
ʵ£ĽʨѸһط죬ûзֿ֮ˣصԨԣ˵
ܣֲ뿪һڰ
Ԩĵ˵ͷǿ̺֮ʽѰɱľޡ
츲صѰһ飬Ҳûзֿ֮ˣǷ˲ڰʮײе꣬ӵջ𣬸ӵķŭ
ôѵ費ǱɱģǱɱġԨ޷ʵŭ
ľǱɱģĻᶼûˡ
ԣɱģɱ裬ֻɾѪҺǻʬ塣ʬ岻ӦǱ˻ʬˡ뵽ԨѲط죬Ѱÿ䡣
ڰ꣬ʢŭ֮µɱɢؼ䡣
ոպүѶҵٹȥǻϡ
ŭĵԨǰǰѰط죬ڵطеɱʱʨߣ˵
ߡ
ľɫһԥ
һָоɱľ׻طУֻԼûнҳǬò֮óʮŸӦʯϧ۵ķѳʮƻ˿ע뵽ʮŸӦʯУֲ˵طС
׳֣ͨʮŸӦʯ֪޵˭
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ھʯеҲû⣬ֱӽ飬˵Լꡣ
Ȼ
׳֣ŭԨٶ۷壬ڰлûһģزӰԼٶȷص˵طС
ʱٶȸҶ磬ʩչѣʮŸӦʯ뿪˵ط죬Ϣɽ֮УԨԼǰɹ򼯺ϵصȥ
㻹ðɣûʲô˰ɡ
̤շҶ磬ħӭȥƹĵʵ
ллʦģͽؼʱһɽ˽ȥӹһ١Ҷµ˵
ƣͽܻܺܲ뿪֮ԨϷԸΪŵӡ
¹Ż˹òͨ츳ʵҶ磬˵
¼⵽شŵӸأ¼ҼҪѪҺע룬жɽϣ
⡭ħһ¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫ
ô᲻ã¹ɫѿ˵͸һ˿졣
ǰܿĸħ̾Ϣһʲôٸлǰĺ񰮡
ллǰһ뿪֮ԨġҶ翴Ƽ˵
úãö㣬ؼʱܾһ¹ŶҶı⣬͸һö󣬿ɵֵս޻ʸȫһı
ʨ㲻ǺԨһôһ˻ˣ
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ҲΪľǱɱģطʮŸӦʯʮŸӦʯʮ꣬Ǹո뿪ãʮŸӦʯˣʮҲɱľ輫пǱɱġʨһһʮ˵
֮Ԩûˣѵڼ飡
뵽Ǭϵ˵Ŀ׺ݣɨӡ
ٸû˴Ѷߴһ£һʱڣûǸ˼пܾɱľסĿ˸֮ɫǬջ˵޷ţڼˡ
һʱܿȥԨľ裬ƽ⣬ȫϵ˼ϵص㡣
ôû
ͼƽٳδܸе̬ԣǬɣƽǼϸܻܿ
ɺͼ֪ƽǼϸٳδֻֿܣҪôһյأҪôҲˡ
ͼ֪㶫ȥ𣿡ɫǬʵ
ңҲ֪ͼӲͷƤ
ͼ֪ƽǸϸĲ㡣Ǭؾһߣȥǵط쿴ʲô˿𣿡
˵ţ뿪˼ϵص㣬ǰľɥط졣
ҶʮֽͷһкۼǬϸϸѰһߵط죬Ȼһ
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ǺúݵġԨŭźͼˣ޵ֱ
ʥأҲ˾ˡ
ˣҪʱˣǼǰаɡ
ѰҲмֵϢǬҲʧȥģѰ
գǬ£뿪಻֪ĺɫɽ֮ԨȥѰصĴԵ


1037 ۹
ʱʧ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУҶȺΣʥشɥˣɥʧս
ջżֵȴѪ飬ȴû۹ǻû
һδμҵɱУ˲صʥأȴûеõһѪ飬ȫǬ϶ߣʥظŭԣЩڸ֮Ԩ̽գѰһԵ
ǰһƬ
ҶһĿķʱһڻУܳˮݵĺǰ
Ϣ۹ǣ
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˴ν֮ԨǬ˵ҪĿǲʮҪ۹ǡ
ܴӵ֮Ԩ۹ǣ۹ǵʵһԵԽ롣
е۹Ǳõ
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ע⣬ȥеʱ׼һ۹ǻûش
ϴ䣬Χ塣
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ܿ죬ѪΪǱеĺзӳ֮С
ˮģһֻСɽһ㣬쳣Ӵ磬ѿѪڣŭż޵ȼĺɫꡣ
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һϵܼײڹ긹öӶѪ£罦˳Ⱦ˱
ӡ׾Ż
ץסڹ˵ĻᣬֲϵʩչɲĴейǿȻ޷ƿڹĹףȴ𶯵ӴҲһصУơ
ԽԽأȴ˺ڹԣŭ͹ǰһҧסһ֣ҧ顣
䣡
ּҧʱʵԱȫİ֮ڹ귢һ޴ԴըѪģѪ
ֹ˴Լһʱ䣬ǿĺڹڵֵס˵ĹǬ˺ɱˡ


1038 Ʒ
۹ദ
ɱײеĺڹ꣬ǬͷǿĻע뵽ڹӴУλദ۹ǡ
ƣ
쳣Ʒȼ˫壬£ƿ˺ڹѪĸڳλദ۹ǡ
ţϳ֣ʩչ֣Ӳīۼľ޴ףսǬָС
ڹ࣬ݣ͸ˡ
˺ڹǬ͸˺ͼˣǸĲ𲻱Ҫ鷳
ʥعϷֺڹмֵ֮ʱħƺҶûгվһԵȴ
߰ɣǼ֮Ԩ
ʥعϷ˺ڹ꣬뿪˱ĺĺȥѰɢ۹ǡ
֮Ԩ۹ٵÿڵ֮ԨѰ˽ʱ䣬ɱ˴꣬ȴûзֵ۹ǡ
е¶½ˣ
Ѱ۹ʱͻȻое¶ֱ½
ž룬ĺƮڿУƤ棬˪
ѩ磬ǰһƬѩ硣
źʴ˷һᣬƮĿռУһƬѩıѩ硣
ƬƬѩƮ䣬ĶëʥƯ
Сĵ㣬ѩӦΣա
ɽ¶ȼ͵ıѩ磬Ǭ˹ŵӡͷԷʱֵܳΣա
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ûɶãֻڱѩУʵֲѩޱˣѿĴڣ˾ŭǬ
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񡭡
ֻӴѩϮǬƸԵĹŵɱ˹ȥ豦֮һֻֻѩ޺ɱʬ޴棬¶λദѪ顣
ǰջ˲Ѫ飬ǬûмѪ飬ɱѩ޵õѪøʥصˣһЩͷ
ţе¶½ˣǰйŹ֣
ѩе¶ٴ½Ǭ¶˾֮ɫԷٶȣѰѩе۹ǡ
̶ʯһѽ
ɵĺ˷ڰѩ룬һɢźı̶
ڱ̶룬һ᾵Ĺʯʯͷϲһʵ¶Žĳ
Ǭ˳ڱ̶ߣͷǿĻ֪̽ڹʯϵǱʱѣǿʯʧڶһ㣬˵ʶһʧĸо
ǿʯͷ⣬ס񣬲Ҫʯͷ꣡
Ǭ϶ʧѣ˶߻ƣǶĤۣӲǴʧ˻
ÿµʯͷȻӵ֪̽Ǳ
ոҶҲһɲǳʧʯ֮ǱӲŨȤ
үԣշ𣿡
ĿȵؿʯϵǱ˵
ãСģ
Ǭ˵ͷ˵
ಣ
շڰлһӰһֻڱ̶֮ϷӣŹʯҪǱ
ϿԻ֮Ļùڹʯӳǰ˴ĻԻʶ
֣սŵĴڣʵ꣬ǿޱȡ
һӳֻ֣˺ػ󣬳ڹʯ֮ϣһץס¶棬·Ƕһ˶ʯĽҪγ
ˡ
ͻȻһ̶Ľ𣬴Ľӳϣ֣ˡ
֣
һޱȵĽâϮʩչͨĵ⻯ӵ֮Ĵ֣ҪϮĽâץѡ
֮ѵĽâһܼĦӡֱ˺ˡ
̣ƣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬̣ŵ֮һâ
ҾͲŰβ
Яŵ֮ųϴ̳ĽâϼŰγ
·ʯںһܲɷ֣ϳΣδܽγһһ
޷γƳ˴ľѪŶѪ
ѪҺǶűʯĽʱȴĶˣ޷͸С
ϼŰ취ʱһ콣âڳзӶһֱ̲죬ݺݵնϣ޾ĽӲϱˣȫѪҷ
ϣɣйŹ֣շ
ǬǳһѪգüͷ΢΢һ壬˵
Ҹо⽣ӦǼƷеٮٮߡ
̵ɻصǬߵϲøɾǵѪ˵
ţ͸ŵˣѽĽﵽ˼Ʒˮ׼Ǭ˵ͷ־ڱصá
ܵõĹʮһؾϹ֣Ҳһս֮
ȥԣշѽ𣿡
˵ţǬٻӡһӵУǿƴػץǶ֮ʯĽ


1039 շ

Ǭץסһɲǣоһɳĺڽͷųƣһղסĸо
һ̣ĺâڳзӳµĽΪ֮ɫһǿһĽâϣǬ
Ǭʵ֮ϣѸӦ֮ͼֳ壬һףϵطһϮĺâ
ͷۣ
ΪշƼƷȼĳǬ֮ͼâʱȼѪͽڽб۳һſͷ­һǿ׳ޱȵֱۡ
ӡ
Ǭֱͬʱӡ£۳һֻ䲻ޣ̤ſռź˼Ʒ
ˣ
⵽ӡ˸Ӵ̶ĽһĽâӡܼıȵķ糱
˫
ӡƣǬƷȼ˫ֱۣҷųĽβϵݱһĽУųҪѹĹ
Ǭس֮Ĺңǿú̶ϿղϷŤŻ֮Ĺʯ˵Ѻۡ
ħƣǬշƷʧܣϣҶĽڽħУ˵
Ȼ֪ħƽ轣֮շƷҲᱻֶߣ⡣
Ի޵ʵԻɱǬϣԼƷԼϣǬϣûж
ӡѹ
޷ѹƼƷǬһͷ⻤סӡѹڽݺݵѹ˼Ʒϡ
꣡
ӡһƷδһˣʯȴܲסŵʱ˵Ѻۣ籡Ļ֮ԻǬķӦʶһ˿ٻ
Ȼ˲Ϣָ֮ѣݵͣ٣ȴƷץסᣬѳһƼµĽâһϣƿֱ˳ȥѪؿڽ۴˳
ү
ż޿Ǭˣԥ˹ȥ󣬱ǿһϮĽâ˲Ǭ˵̶ߡ
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Ǭüͷ΢΢һ壬ɫħƣЩ˵
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ǿʵǿǬ϶޷շǼƷħƵʵǿշñɱɡ
Ӧа취շǱүԣħƲ˵
ȻԣǾȥɡ
ǬҲûжħƱϣ˵
лү
˵꣬ħշ𣬽̤գ˲ڲѺ۹ʯļƷ
ڹʯأ޷ħƹӰ죬֮䣬Խ˻󣬿˼Ʒɱͼٻ˳סԼ塣
ɱͼѹ
ħɱͼһھѪŹɱͼĹʱɱͼëȻĹ糱ˮһӿͼ˼Ʒ
ɱͼƷѳؽâŹɱƣħƵ壬ħƿƹɱͼǰֵһâ
ƷĹ̫£ɱͼֵΪۿһ׵Ľâ˺ƹɱͼ򻯺ѳ壬˷˼Ʒ
䣡
һıըռ˲뵽˻УɫռȾ˺ɫ
ռһƬɫ籩ڣʵʱħ˲ĵĽ꣬Լٶȷ˹˵ļƷ
󣬸ĿǣƷʱص꼤ɱ
Ϊ˲Ǭ˿ɣħƲϵһ򻯺żƷγɲϱĺɫ籩ڸſռ䣬ڵ˵ߺ֪̽
ߣħǲ⣬ִΧ𣿡
ħƲϧ۵򻯺ͼӣӵ¶˼֮ɫ
ȴ֪ʱеѾֵסݿĹƣ屻˺ѵǧٿס
ڣڽʮؽ⹥£걻˺˻壬ʧ˼ƷС
գ
оƷʧħûκԥƵ⻯һֻ֣һץסʧȥļƷǬ˳ԾĿע£յУ˻


1040 ռ
㣬ôģ
ͼɴ˫ۣ񿴹һ㿴ħƣԴҲ벻Ǭ˶޷շļƷΪħɽշ
򻯺йĸ⼫Ʒе꣡ħƵĽ͵
ħƣܲǬЩؿһ˵⼫Ʒҿ֮֪Ը⽫׸Ը⣬ɸңһͬ
Ը⣡
ħĽߣ˫ոշļƷ׸Ǭ
úúãõ˼ƷǬ¶֮ɫǬָóޱȵĴħƣŴ͸㣬ֻҪĹҾ㡣
ллүħƽӹǬŴм˵
ģħ˹ʺˣ
ħƱǬΪĸͼ¶˼֮ɫ
պħǬѾҵֻܽеıʻйҶϡ
ýһѺý⽣ڼƷУҲٮٮߣ
ǬḧŲƵĽоѽƷʳԤϣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ϲүýҲֻкүȴѽ
ͼеļʣ׷ǰףص
д˽֣˭ҵĶ֣Ǭɵ˵ĴЦ
߰ɣǼ֮ԨﻹʲôԵȴǣ
˵꣬Ǭ򽫼ƷѪսƬѩ羡ͷȥ
ѩƷ˵ĴԵ
һʱУǷԾ¶ȼͣԶߵıѩ磬һ·򣬼Զȥ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
УҶһ˲ΣգǿʵԽԽĬϣ˻Ϊģûٳ
ţʲô
ڵ֮ԨĿķʱԶԶԶգʮӴĿռУͷǿŤſռ䣬ſռ
ÿµôռأ
ŻƶǻռУɫ΢䣬Ժˣұռɡ
ү˵ռл᲻ŴԵͼһŸ𺳵ĿռУ˵
ţſռгֵ̫죬ܿŴԵҲŴΣգǬ˵ͷɫص˵
үǿ˽֪̽̽浽ʲôˣӣӲؿһҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ
⵹һ취Ǭ˵ͷ˵֪ʲôѡƼ𣿡
Ǿѡ͵˰ɣ⣬Ҳʲôʧӣ˵ĺ촽΢΢̣̬ʮ˵
ӣ飬ħ۾͸һ˿֮ɫоӣǹҶ磬Ҫ
ʱҶ罫ѹһߣħƵĶУû
Ȼſռп쳣ӵǬҶ粢³⣬һָоرԲҪһ
ãô죬֪ʲô𣿡Ǭ˵ͷʵ
Ȼû飬̽·¾ͽˣܰﱾ̽ռеܣ͡Ǭŵ
ǽһעʯУڿռУǾͻ֪óʮʯݿܵ
ǣ
Ҷ˴ԹԷһ꣬ע뵽ʯС
ˣȥɣףǺˣ
ϽҶʯУ˵
Ҷװֵ̿ķɵ˰Уɴһ㣬ͷŤ֮Ŀռзȥ
뿴ռУҶһּǿҵӾ͸ĿϢҶ˼ѹǾɽ¼ӣŵøεѣ־岻ѡ

Ҷ粻Ҵ⣬ȫƽһռʱʩչ˽渲һ⣬һķ
أ
ʳصĿռвһ£Ҷ籬˵ǿдԽռУɽŤռ֮зȥ
Լʱ䣬Ҷǿޱȵ壬͸˿ռУ뵽һƬûһ˿ĿռС
ɽ¼ҵӣȴռгŤ壬ʬ޴档
ħƣͽܺܲһս޻ʾʵȻס˿ռֵ֮ҹӦ˳뵽档
Ǭ֣ɽ¼ҵӵʯȫ飬ֻʣҶʯû£¶һ˿֮ɫ
츳һ޻ǿմӦǿħƵ
ţͽҲǿ֮ģܻ뿪֮Ԩʦͽ˿ɸһͬǬ˵ͷ˵
ллү
ħƸм˵ҶΪͽ¹ȴɫѿ
үҪҪڵĿռУϿҶ綼ǿռлоǿռеķղ󣬿ʵ
ٵȵȣ
Ǭҡҡͷŵ˵
һжƿУҶʵƲˣҶ糹̽̽пռ䣬ȷûзգڽ档


1041 ɫѪ
úڣռúڣ
ǰһƬҶó¹ʯͷӳΧĿռ䡣
ռܹ죬¹ʯӳĹâϱɣ¹ʯֻӳʮҿռ䡣
Ҷ㹻ǿ֪£ҶСڿռȥ
ŷţͷŵ֮ǰ˴Ļ䶯壬ɢŨŨѪζԼٶ
ôѪ棡
͸¹ʯӳĿռ䣬Ҷ緢ǰ˴ͨѪɫӵԲһͣû۾쳤ǵѪ档
ϳʥף
ǧƵѪϮҶס壬ͷŵƻǿϳʥף˳ˮѪȺ
ȻѪ湥£ϳʥףǵĿǡ
ϳʥף𹥻£ƬƬѪ飬Ϊ˻ҽٶȲҶ磬һذףٵ˺ѪȺڿռȥ
ܿ죬Ҷ˺ѪȺǰԶоǿѹϢ
е
֮Ҷ緢һʮ׸ߣ̻ŴеƵĵ
վе£׷ѪȴҿҶ磬ԽԽѪ·ĳͷƤ顣
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ħѪȼգɽӣ
ʱޣҶҪеֱƵǬУ仯˳ɫΰǿ׳ħ֮ڽ֮ذζ
ζеʱȴޣδܺһе
е⣬ص⣬ص⣬Σ
Ҷһֽںϵ£һֻ֣ǿĵ֮ζе
Ҷ糢ԺεȰ취ʩչֶΣ޷еֺ
Ҷ罫Ǭеİȫٻ˳֮ζе
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֮£Ҷֻܷӣԣǿӡе̺еơ
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ÿµĿռŤ
ǿдԽռʱǬ˷֣ռгŤǵǵʵе˾޴ѹ

ͻȻһǿĸ֣ܲסռŤһʹ屻Ӳ飬
ռкΣգǴţҪȥ
ŽĶ֣Ǭɫ΢΢һ䣬ֻϳſµĿռŤ˿ռС
ħƣǸͽܵʲôôӵôǿ
һս޻ʾĸ֣ռ˺ѣҶȴܳſռŤ뵽棬¹ŵ˳Ծѣʵ
ͽ츳ӵнղ֮壬ļս޻ʣԿռ޷ɱħڱ
ʣ
¹ŵ໥һۣɵ
ǧ治УҼʱҲʳԾѣȻҲὫΪŵӣħƻؽ͵
ħƽͣ¹ŸӵİգҶ类ǬУ¼Ұװ״һš
ԲϽҲڲϵߣʱе̺еƾͱӡԺС
ӡٶȳҶԤϡ
ӡеʱеУƵԼо걮ºѹһѪ
ѵѹ
ҶоеĴӦû塣
ԣƽƣ
е֮ԳزѣڵеĽĪĹϵҶǿƽееĽƣҪ鿴걮µѹʲô
꣡
ȫƽ£еصĽƲϵѡ
أͷŵ͸е֮£һαѹµĽɫѪΡ
Ѫʲô˵ѪǽѪ
ȻΪеѹҶ޷оνɫѪεʵһָоɫѪηͬСɣֵǳ
ҳ
Ҷһֽޣٻ˳֮ζе
ееĽƱƽ˴룬еĽ½֮еһ¶һ϶
һ쳣µѪ֮е϶˳ⱻѹĽɫѪ궯
ľѹ
ۿʧȥеѹɫѪҶٻľͷŻ֮⣬ſռ䣬ѹȥ
ľѹɫѪʱ궯ѵѪͻȻûκεֿɻľˡ


1042 ر
ţɫѪô׾ͱѹˣ
ľѴ֮ѹ˽ɫѪΣҶ¶֮ɫ
ѵ
ҶüͷһƣҪúоһɫѪʱǿ֮ǬϵϢ֣ľսǬУѪȺУһ߷΢һɼײеѪʳԼѪҺ

ڿռ˼ǬͻȻٷ˹ͷ¹ʯѪû¶ŰӣʹҶ硣
ͣȼգ
ǬһţȵӿǧƵѪ棬ǵ壬ɱǡ
շȥ۳һֻ֣ץס˱Ѫû˴ӣһϢҶ磬ֱӽѪץ˳
ʲô
Ҷ磬ǬǿоеĴڣһͷͷշӿѪ棬һҶϿ˹ȥ
е
о̺е⣬Ǭдϲ
Ȼ֮Բ磬۳֮ͼȴеܵõеܴв͸е⣬ԼʵΪɹ췣ؾ¼ʵĸ
𣡡
Ǭ򱩺һ۳֣ץеҪӵزа
ڽĻ޶޷еҪ˵ˡ
Ǭ뾡һа취޷е֮£ǽҶе£ʼ͸е̺еơ
ǬȻû֮ǱϾսܵĴ츳ʵߡ
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үǽ׸Ǵ̽ռ䣡ʵ
ħ׽йǾ;ͽһΰɡ
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ϵ˵ͷٻһֻ֩ܣҶ磬Լ̽ڵĿռ䡣
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߰ɣռֻеһԵ
Ǭûй˷ʱ䣬Ҷ뿪ڿռ䣬ǿдԽ˿ռУ档
뿪ռʱռйʧˡ

ܿռмѹѪҶ类ϴӿռд˳ħһ˹ȥŵʵ
İɣˣϽҶ罻ħƵСǿôµĿռУδܽ飬ʱգСδ
ү֪ǿռʲôż޽ʨʵ֪ռеźεȻԵ
ֻһе֮ԵǬ򵭵˵
Ȼջ񲻶࣬е쾳磬ǬΪ⡣
ˣǲҪʱˣǰаɣ
˵꣬Ǭûô˼֮Ԩзȥ
Ҷ翴˼أһֱԣħƽԼ޳Ѫٻ˳żװԣʵԣеҶС
е죡
һʱݶǬ꼤ɱʱҶ罫е򵽾졣
ֹһʱ䣬Ҷȫ£ӡڻ꺣ееȫ͸ԸеԲ磬ڻ꺣۳һеͼ
ʮأļս޻ʾ磬֮⣬е⣬Բ磬۳ͼҶ缸һ漣
ڶ½ʷУҲδ㾪֮š
Ҳֻڸ򣬲ſܵš
еԲ磬ҶȻװԣʼоľɵǵνɫѪΡ
֣ΪʲôνɫѪθһϤĸоѵѪйϵ
ҶоɫѪʱоɫѪԼһѪͨĸо·ѪҺԼ
ָоҶסмоɫѪΡ
ͻȻе¶ٴνͣһΰߴ󣬷·һ麮̶ɣһռʮռ䣬ɢŵ⣬һ𺳸оıǰ
ôһ
ǰΡıǬ˵۾׷׷˹ȥҪ֮С
ǿʱͻȻֱ񷡣
һ̣Ͽգһһռĺͼйƣγһغ˱ڴ⡣


1043 ʥҩ¯
ĺ󣡡
ǰܲ͸ۻϢĺƴʦ۾͸˵Ⱥͺʤ֮ɫ
һǧ漫Ʒɳ壬ͷ죬ٵݻһعɱתͼйǧƣ˺
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ħƣǴڵ㣡
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1044 ƿع
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1045 ݱ¶
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ŹűãѺԽԽ࣬Ǭٻӿնʩչǿĵ͹
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·Ҷ˺ѣӣǳɫ˻Уæֻסвλ
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1046 շʧ
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1047 Ѫ޻
飬ҩ¯һֻ޻ꡣ
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ĿýɫѪ׿ϬһĻҶסˣû뵽ǵνѪ˵Ŀ£׾پϬꡣ


1048 Ѻ
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Ǭ򱩺һͻȻԶҶ緢һֻ޴ߴһеѹҶ硣

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Ǭٶ̫죬ƴʦ䣬ͷʮףƽҶ˲䣬ǰĿռҵĲһ£˰ɸߵĺɫݺݵغ塣

ۿǬĺɫУѸһöγǿɫ֮⣬ֵɫĹ
Ǭö󣬿ɵ쾳һͻȻðĺɫʱˡ
Ǭʱ䣬ܿ˺ɫյܵԶ
үռ⣬Ҫƶƴʦɫ԰ףµǬ򣬴ѵ

ͻȻһҽ¼֮һ欣СĴƣĺɫûʹİһȫʬ޴档
欶
һĻ¹ŵ۾ʱѪɫʹ
ʱг˻ںޣںԼҰġ
ԼѬģѡҶ磬¼ҲýأҲɥ
˱ǰһĻסʱҶѸ̤һƶʮףɫѺ۷ƶҪ뿪


1049 ƽ
ƴʦݳռʵ𣿡
ҶƶԽԽԶǬ򽹼ʵ
ҶˣպҪɱҶ磬¯Ŀ΢΢
Ҿԣ
ƴʦϥ˵ϣ˫ֿٵŤһӵӡûƣڽУӦƵİء
ȻռһǲСĴ󣬾ͻ⵽
͸һᣬƴʦռܣռصĴ󷨵裬һʱҲ¡
ɶҶ󷨵ôô
ҶռͥŲɣٶȼƶܿǧ׵ľ룬ͼӣӺ޵ֱ
ߣ
ƴʦ˰ʱͻȻ۾۵ƻһߣһָѺ۵ķƶԶ
˸ƴʦƶһʱ䣬·ĵͻȻˣƴʦòϥڵϣһƣݡ
ʱҶ磬Լ£˦Ǭˡ
ϣȴû¶һ˿ЦݣеֻǺء
ԣΪʲôҸоǵѺ۸ˣ
ƶҶ磬вһ˿ĪĸоԼûΣգԽԽӽΣգԷŻƶٶȣӿݡ
֣ݵ·ӦûŶԣΪʲôҸеЩԾأ
ŲģҶСƶһʱ䣬ԽһƬɫʱͻȻɴ۾¶˲˼֮ɫ
֣ԼǰԶ˱ӦԼ󷽵ĵѺۣȵĻֱʣһУе˹ȵϢ
ҵĸоȻûдոǷƶҾѺԽԽˡҶѸͣ˽Ųɫص˵Ϊʲôأ⡣
ŲԶĵѺۣҶ粻ƶˣѸϥڵϣȵϢ·
֣û⣡Ҷüͷݵ·Ӧö뿪ŶԣǵѺ۾ǰǰֻ·һ⵽׳أ
ҶϯضѰؼʱƴʦǬ
Ҷ磬׷ˣ
ں֮УֵҶ磬ǬдϲҪռ䴦ΣգͳȥɱҶˡ
ӡ
̣
񡭡
ɹΧǬϵ˷׷׼˸ԵĹŵɱҶ硣
ಣ
ҶһڲƵĿռתŲƣΧƶܿǬ˵Ĺ
һʵɡ
ҶĿؿǬˣ׼ܻһˣ̽һݵ·û⡣
Ҷ磬ѷɣ
סƴʦݵĴʵǬ˷׷׼٣ԼٶȿҶ硣
磬Ѫʨɱ¾֮ٳæ
Ǭ˼ٿҶǬеİȫٻ˳
໣ϴЩ齻ˣǣ
һ仯ǿս̬ʮеͭŹףڵʵǿǬ
ռΣգҼסݵ·ߣǧҪռصĴ󣬷򽫻ΣաҶ罫ݵ·߸˻ޣɱ¾֮ˣ
䣡
֮ʣ޸߾ͭŹףǬıײһ𣬼ĿĻ⡣
ͭŹ׾֮ϴ񣬹Źг˴ƣм䣬ЩƴһͭŹ׵Ӳȣһ֮£ȫס˼ƷǿǬֱ۷顣
ʥޣһֻʥޣ
о޵ʵǬɫ΢䣬û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼշڶ½ʥޡ
ƽ󣬾ˣ
սУҶĿ˾ԼĶϣ弶ս޻ʾĺƽ΢΢һ̤
ˮˮӰ
Ҷ翿ƽӦĵ£Ϊһˮѿ˲ѪڣҧҶ硣
һֽն
Ҷһ콣У콣ںһڰһţ⣬һɱڵˮ
ͣ
ˮӰҶһƣĵ콣ֱӶ˺ƽһ
ҶһһԽɱµ
ͼ𣡡
Ҷشƽ˲䣬ӣͻȻ۾˸˲ɱ⣬ƵͼҶ緢һ
ͼ£̬ĺ˲佫ҶûˣĹ塣
ӣӣ̫ˡ
ͼȻ£ȴ޷Ҷ콣һֱ˴ĺһ˻ʧɫӣӡ
ӣʱҶؿڱɥʧսĺƽ󣬳ǰ֮һȭһȭϾ˫ش
һ̣ҶЮ˵ӣӺͺƽͻȻԶսԼٶѺۿҪӣӶ˵飬ݵ·Ƿȷ


1050 ƣʥ־
Ҷ磬㲻úҲŹġ
˫Ѿ޷֮ӣӸоԼ֮ԽԽĴ
ӣӣȥԲѵӦøл𣿡ӣ䣬Ҷ粢⣬˵
˵꣬˫۱ǧȽѪ죬֮ĺƽ߸߾𣬰ݵ·ߣ˳ȥ

ںƽУٶȼķ˿µĵѺֱۣû뵽У˲䱻ճ˻ҽ
ĿúƽһĻӣˣӲϵزĻҲ˰Ҫɱң㲻ҪɱңֻҪһԸΪţӦκεҪ󡣡
㲻䣡
ȻӣӺ͸ųڵˣҶӲ飬˵ӣӾֵļУݵĵڶ·
ӣ
ɱ¾֮ɱĺͼӣٶȼķ˵Ѻۣͷ𣬷˱ߣʹİ
ӣ̫Զֹֻӣû뵽˵ѺУȵĺɫڻ
Ҷ磬Һ㲻ݣ
ӺȫɥҶУúͼȫʧأѪɫ۾һɱ¾֮Ҷ硣
䣡
ͻȻŭͷԵĺͼƣʱĺɫ𣬺ݺݵغϣ˺ķ
źͼ֮ԨĶȫû¼ңɽֲѡ
ݵ·Ȼȫ·
ƽӣȺҶüͷԽԽû뵽Ȼ֮ܵԨԻݳ·
໣
Ҷ׼׽̽·ʱϼսĽѪʨ⵽شصˤ˵ϣۿ
Ǭգ
ҶһǬͷųǿĴ֮޴͵ǬУһ١
ռ֮û뵽ϵıô࣡
Ͽƾʧޣɫû뵽Ҷ羹ûеĿռ֮
ҶûʵµϣǽĿͶϥƴʦ
ֻҪܻɱƴʦǬ˽Ϊ壬Լ֣ռصĴ󣬾ܽɱ

Ҷһ̤³ĽͼӷӶԼٶȷԶƴʦ
붯ƣȹذɡ
϶ϤҶͷ΢΢һǰƴʦĻᡣ
ãǾ£ֵʵɡ
ϣҶû˲ȼѪʵޣһȭϵؿڡ
һȭҵĿռ˴ı·ռ䶼ܲסҶһȭҪݡ
֣
һĵӿһֻץסյĴӭȥ
ǣ
Ҷһȭϣڽϵ֣񱩵糱ˮӿķÿռҡ
ĿҶһȭȻ֣üͷһƣ¶һ˿֮ɫĳһƣݺݵҶȭͷϡ
ţʲô
ϵƽӴҶȭͷʱ֮УϾе֡
գ֮䣬ѪŨֱøɱе֮Ѫȫ֮ϵϵؿή
Ž裬ͨ£
ˣԾҶ繥ֶʱҶӿն𣬽֮ͼͼеͼֳ壬йĵ⣬ڽ˵콣У֮ʩչĿǰյǿһ
һã֮ƿռ䣬ӴĴ֮նֿήϡ
ˣ
µĴֱ֮ӹᴩϵĶĤһӦһ˿ٻ
عʱɽ㣬ӡŷܴ֮ƵĲã֮նϸ߸ҵ£йĵѹݺݵնϣƿķһ˳ȥ
Ѫ
ʲôˣ
޼ɱǬĿϱҶһɵһĻɫ΢ġ
໣й⣡
ץסǬ֮ʣһĻйͣݺݵغǬ򣬱ȫ
ԵʵǬȻֵסй⣬ȴһ˿ʧء
ʱ޸߾ͭŹףݺݵǬһ˿ϢĻᣬȫȫѹĹơ
ʥ־նɱУ
Žֱ̫˵ϵľ֮£϶ƣٻʥ־뵽塣
ʲô
оӿ־֮ҶᵽŨŨΣϢ
ǿʥ־ϵʵڽԽ˾缫ޣʱӵ˶ʥʵһؾϹֻҪ¡
ϾϿή֣Ҳʥ־ں£ָ


1051 ɱ
ǾƷ֣̹Ȼ£
о˲䱬ʵҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ոȻشϣȴϵĴ⣬һֲûӳʵ
ںʥ־ӵ˶ʥʵǬǰµĴڣҶʵǶ֡
ҶĿ겢ǻɱϣǻɱƵƴʦֻҪɱ輫ƣǬͨı£Ҳ߲
̣Ǭ
ʵǣ̣ϵӷڰУγͼǿжסգγ˿µѹӻҶƶٶȡ
ŷǣȸͷӡ
⵽ͼƣҶŵٻ˳һĶãẉ̂ͼ
ȻҶʵ޷ŵǿŵͬʱ˺ͼ̵
׾Ż
Ҷŵ֮ʣһ֮ͼֳϵ壬׷֮ͼһУɱҶ硣
֮ͼͼеͼݻ£
һˮͰ֣ʥ׵׾ŻϮҶ罫ͼݵ£ϵػûԹ̬ƴΡɽڻԾ׾Ż
ҶԵԶԶϣʵȣȴ޷ԽĲࡣ
ܿ죬ͼݻļ¹ͱǿƵˡ
Ҷ磬˾ȣʵȻ̶ܽȣ۳ͼϿҶͼɭȻ˵ܿϧͼȲ㣬עҪɥڴˡ
˵ţͻȻ٣лûһӰ˲һҶǰһžӨ͸ˮֳ壬Ҷ磬Ҫᡣ
ӨˮϮҶ𣬵žӨˮĹ
ˮҶԳʱϳʥױָ⣬绮Ʋ磬ᴩ˾Өˮɱϡ
ಣ
һڱץеӷֵסϳʥ׵Ĺ
һ̣ʩչ˴ͨǿѪ֮仯ͷ۵ռֳ̬Ʒȼĵſռ䣬Ҷ硣
Ž裬ͨ£
ɱϮҶٴʩչŽ裬ն˲Ŵ֮Ĳãһնȥ
ΣŽ̺Ĵ֮ǿлˣûһʼǰ㣬ֱ뱻֮С
ѣ
ӣնĽͨʱҶлȫγ˿µѣ֮ݺݵغ꺣С
ǿѣԺгһ˿ѣθУӦٴγ˳ٻ
ȼգ䣡
ץסת˲ŵĻᣬҶ仯һѪ֮ԨֹޱߣµҪĤݡ
䣡
ѪӲϵķߣԼٶȷȫƵƴʦ
ã
Σ֣ƴʦɫ䣬Ѹֹͣݣȫ㡣
κΣҶ绯̫£ٶȸǳԽ硣
գ֮䣬ͺܵƴʦԿռϣݺݵعƴʦϣ˳ȥ
ӡ
û뵽Ҷ羹ķߣɫ䣬֮ӡɱҶ磬Ҫɱƴʦͷ
̤ѥ
ؼʱ̣Ҷֱ¶һƣŲ̤ѥ˲ٶȣܿӡصƴʦԣ
ƴʦ󷨵輫ʵȴڣǧ꣬һֻŲŸո̤ս޻ʣֵסҶ糱ˮĹ
֮䣬ͱҶشӱѪģɥʧսҶܻˡ
ƣ
ƴʦҶЮˣϣǬɫ䡣
ƴʦ£Ƕ󷨵裬߳ƬµĿռ䣬ᱻƶǿĵ֮ɡ
һ𣿡Ҷ΢΢̣¶ʤߵЦݡ
Ҷ磬ƣҿƽϣһ֣ͬ߳
ȻϺ޵ֱȴòѹеŭ𣬵˵
ûȤ
ҶػӦһ䣬Ǭ˺ͼ˵Ĳְƴʦϣ֮ٶƴʦѻ꣬ȡ䡣
ƴʦϷʹİɫһ䣬ֳҶɱҪǿƴʦ
赣ɱ
ҶƺһУɱǰȫĻע뵽У۳һɱɱɫ΢ϡ
⣬ʲô
оĿ£ɫ΢䣬ܵĽܡ
ܵ˲䣬Ҷ粻Ю˵ϣתŲƣԼٶѺƶ
ƴʦһң
Ǭƴʦǵȴǵļп
ǬҶ粻Ϊڽؽƴʦ˳ȥݵĵ·˵Ѻۡ
ƴʦӣӶһֱû뵽ѺĺɫУȵĻ˲ڻɥȪ


1052 

ɱƴʦҶûսǬ˺۵ĻޣǴ˻
ңҽҳ
ƴʦֱӶǬ˵·ҪֻܻͬҶһ
Ǭ˵̺ʽѰǬʱǬеҶ翪ʼںƴʦ䣬ҪݵʵѰ뿪ռ·
ˣ
Ҷ˼ƴʦ䣬ѰĹؼ
ţǡ
Ҷںƴʦȫʱüͷһƣƴʦռݷ֣µ
˵ǰѺģž޴ΣգһʼĵѺۣҲлѰ·
뵽ĹؼҶһƿˮٻָĵĻ׼ȥ֤ԼĲ²Ƿȷ
ҶǬ˻ָʱǬ˷ǬĿռ䣬֮ȫҪƿǬķ
ؾǬ˶δƿǬҪ˵Ǭˡ
ʩչը£Ǭһ˿Ӱ죬Ǭ˺޵ֱ޿κΡ
Լһʱڵʥ־ʧˣʵֵ䵽˾
¶ĵƣȴδܻɱҶ磬ʼδģҶʵͶԵ򣬸𾪡
һָоɱҶ磬ʱգҶ»ΪجΡ
үǸô죡
Ԩʵȫû𺳣г˿־壬Ҳͼ˵ĺ󳾡
οΨһƴʦҲˣ׽סҶ磬ᱻƶĵѺûɥ
ʲôֻҪǷռ䣬ҶǬɫ˵ֻҪҳǻлὫסġ
󣬷סҪǲѷɣ
ΪܻҶ磬Ǭûв׾ѸټһͼڰУİ취ڣˡ
ܿ죬Ǭϵϥͨͼ֮ա
ǬֶΣ
͸ǬҶоɵøпƷĵ̡
ţϥǬУ͸ǬʵֻҪҵԻ޵ʵȫл˺
ܿ죬ȥˡ
УҶԣҵԴսڵ㣬ż󣬳¯
¯ʱƶĵѺˣǬ˴вĲѡ
ģҶѵҪͬھ𣿡
ԽԽĵѺۣǬظоѺȻ¶Ⱥ̺Ļ֮ҪҶ뿪ĹؼðԶˡ
ǬĻңԥҪҪʱһӰС

Ǭ˻ع׷ʩչԵͨƸԵĵɱ˹ȥҪһٽش
䣡
ı𣬿µˣգһռݡ
⵽˺һӰ˳ȥȴ
໣ǣүүˣ
ý˵Ĺ뿪Ǭŵһ仯ǿս̬ڽ߸߾ͭŹףݵһսڵϡ
꣡
սڵ⵽ͭŹȫһ˵Ѻۣڵ¹ţ⵽ǿɣѪ
ã
ԼµȻһѣǬɫ䣬ͼתٵ޸Ѻۣƶ
磬״
ȻǬͼתսڵ㣬ʱ͸ѶϤҶɲ׽ڶսڵ㣬˻ޡ
໣
ŭһĻ֮ӿ뵽ͭŹУĺ˹Źףɽһ˵ڶڵϡ
꣡
ȫһ£ڶռڵֱˣǿķ֮ӿżУǿ׳ƤӿѪȾѪˡ
ôܣѵϤе㡣
սڵϣǬˣв˲ԤС
ͼǿиıսڵλʱֺ˵µȫͭŹеĵƣ֮⣬ƺƴĺռڵϣһ䴩ˡ
һ̣Ҷ罫ޣսǬŲ̤ѥӶڻҵлһѸݵĲӰܿǬ˵ĹɳǬļƻһ


1053 
׷ǧҪˣ
Ǭ򲻹˷֮ˣѸջ˲Ѻ۵ͼ̤һֹŹֵĲ׷Ҷ硣
׷ҶʱлȫͷųҶƶ·ߣԼȴϮɱԼ
ͻȻոܵɣ˲䵽󷽵ȴһ˴
ʱһĿĵѺѿһɿµĺɫѺ緢ĴУû塣
һۣӵҰĵҵɥˡ

¼Ҿֻʣ¹ˡ
ʱ¹źԼһִݻ¼ҵҶȴ޲
欣ǵͨ˺ܶ£Ѭģ¼Ҳ˴ѣڲõĽ¼ҸܽҶȡΪ½һʥأ˾
¼ң¼ĳԼΪӵ֡
飬Ǹ¼ҵɡ
оԼҲѻ뿪¹ͻȻһǻŭй˲Զһϣӻһ޴ḥ̂һ
ָû뵽¹ŻͻȻ֣⧲±¹Żĥ̻УƣѪֱӷ˳ȥеĴ

һҽ𣬿µĺɫڵصѺֱڻ壬ɱ
¹ţˣ
Ŀ¹ͻȻ֣Ϯɱһ֣Ԩɫ䣬
û裬ҴûѹĿ¶¹ŴԨѾƭôˣѵʥؾҪˡ
¹ţ
Զ߳ŭҪɱԨˣҪ
Ѫȼգ
ʱ¹ͻȻȼȫѪ̹֮һ㣬˲ԶţҪǰһ汳ġ
໣飬
ţ¹ŷϮᵽŨŨΣϢ˲仯ǿս̬ȫǿ¹ŵĹ
һָоԼס¹ŵĹпܲոֵĺ󳾣ռɥ
ţȭ
һֻ޴ţӰֳǿ׳壬˫ȭţХ¹űȥԺɱһս޻ʸ֡
ħ֮壬ħ߱ն
ţǿһ¹ûܣȫǱ˳仯ħ֮壬˫ʩչǿһ
Ѫħںһ𣬻·߱ĵâݹն£ݺݵնţӰϣ޾Ļ֮ղ
¹ƴȫӲţǿһʱϴ̷Ӷݺݵغϣƿĺ󱳣Ͼ˳ȥ
Ҷ磬ѵķϣ¼顣
ǰ¹ŷһ֮
˵꣬ʧص¹壬ǰţһ
µԱ֮緭ĳˮըŵգݺݵغ㲻ţϣֱӽ˳ȥ

Ѫţ֮ʣմ󣬿ĺɫһɴڣûˡ
֮䣬ʵֲľżţͱɫɱʬ޴档
¼ңҷһţ
Ͽ¹ʱԱţһ»Ȫ޵ֱзĵ
ٶȼҶԽԽԶҳɣŲͨ׷Ǭˣ±˦롣
¼ҡ
Ҷû뵽¹ʱΪɱˣж¼ҵĺ˲٣һ
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫˣʽô
ʱ׷ǬѹһߣҶС
ðǼƷңҾͺףҶٶȲһ߼ٷУһߴ
Ҷ磬Ӧúף֪ռܣܶϤռصƣֻ֣л뿪ĿܣǬеŭ
Ǭǲ̫ԼˣΪû㣬ҾͲ뿪ˣҶ粻Ϊʶʥ־Ŀ£ǬףֻǬԼĻᡣ
úúãҾͿӹǵ׷ɱ
Ǭҧгݵ˵ͷŻҶ磬Ʊס
أתŲƵҶصԭ㣬ԶԶ޾ɫ棬·ڵѺۡ
ϣҵƶȷģȻ鷳ˡ
ҶԷŻٶȣԶ𺳵ĵѺۣ
ӡ
ҶٶһǬ׷ϣһӡ׹䣬֮ɱҶ硣
ǬһȻʮͻȻҶ֪˲Ӧ̤ܿӡĹ
һ̣Ҷ˵콣۳ͼǬն˹Ž衣
Ŵ֮Ĳã֮Ӳ񷣬ͼ֮նǬ
ܴ֮ţǬķӦһ˿ٻ޷ܿͨ£ֱֳֻӲ
޾ĽǬǰʱҶͻȻ۷壬Ǭץ˽ľɽ


1054 ʵ

ҶԼɫ䣬˾ִټȫ
Ȼ弶ս޻ʸ֣Ҷչֳʵ̫£ܵĲη壬ʮʵܷӰ˳ɡ
ͣ
Ҷ紩͸ĹֱӳǰϣʨԨǰһȭؿڣϾؿס
׾Ż
Ǭͬʱ۳֮ͼ֯һˮͰֵףգҪҶԭء
赣
סҶûеʱ䣬ٻ˾赣۳һľɱХڿն˺˿ٽ֯ףɫǬ򣬱ȫܡ
Ǭܵ˲䣬Ҷ粻Ų̤ѥٶ۷壬һţǬأݵ·ߣٵرƽǰĵѺۡ
Ҫɱ𣿡
Ҷ˵ѺۣǬϵ˲ɵ¶˾֮ɫԷŻ׷ɱٶȡ
ڿѺǧ׾ʱҶ籬ǿִе˳ȥǰĵѺۡ
Ҷ磬㲻ú
ɫĵ֮ɵ˲䣬˾䡣
ôᣬѺҲʵġ
Ŀ֮ڻһĻҶüͷһǰڵĲ²Ǵģ鷳ʹˣп
¡¡
Ҷ˼֮ʣǬ϶˷ĹϮۿŵҶУѸٶǬУܿŵĹ
ɶ񡭡
ҶֶǬУǬϺ޵ֱ޿κΣֻҧʡ
үǸô죿
ǰĵѺۣҲҲеĲʵ
ȣǬҧ˵ҾͲҶҪͬھһ취뿪
˵꣬ǬٻͼʣԨʨ־ۼٲ󣬷סǬڵĿռ䣬ҶѵĻᡣ
أ
ҶӱĿռ䣬Ե͸ǬһѺ۸͸ݣѰ֮
ţԣռѺ⡣
͸Ѻʮ״ʱҶɣһָоǰѺ̺ոӣӵ˵ĵѺ۲һܿ뿪·
Ϊ֤ԼĲ²⣬ҶһԵ͸ѺС
ȻԵһڻп⵽ɣʱ˿̣Ѿ˲ôˡ
㹻ǿͷŵ͸Ѻûбȵĸ¼ڻ
ҶԺȷȼһŻ棬ԼĻ꺣ǿҵʹ
ǿĲ֮ģҶԺвȸУһݣϤѺ۵ܡ
ѺҲģѺŲٽӡ֮пܾ뿪·

֤ʵԼǰڵĲ²⣬Ҷ糤һŻ꺣еոУݡ
ۣ
ԼʱͷŵĻѺðĵ֮ջˣҶ⵽ɣͷһѪ
Ҷ׼ǰľ֦ľҺȵ˶Уٵ޸ˣͷŻ͸಻֪ĿռѺУѰ뿪·
ģҪͬھ𣿡
ʮȥˣǬҶǬгٳٲƶĵѺ۾ԽԽǰյĴݣе˾޴ѹ
ΪĺүοֻҪܻصƾ۹Լصĵ֮Ԩܣ㹻õĽ
ټϼƷмĶɹ췣ͻƵؾ
Ǭе˿ֻţϣԨͬýǲԨиǺ˹ƻ֮Ԩĺͼ
˿ѹĵĿ־ʱҶͻȻǬз˳
ģлޣɱ¾֮ëԳȰ֡
ƣ
ҶһͬʩչԵֶιսڵ㡣
֮Ľڵֱӱ˺󣬲ڰеͼѿѺۣ
ڿϳˣ
ǬĿ׺ݵؿҶ磬ҧгݵ
һָоҶǬв͸ʮʱ䣬ܿҵ뿪ķܻܲ뿪ҶҪ
磬ҲסǬ򣡡
Ϊ֤ݵ̺ӡ֮·ǷȷҶԨʵ飬ھѺǧ״Ǽҵɱ
ʥ־ںϣ
֮ʣǬûв׾ƣٻǿʥ־壬ʱӵ˶ǵʥʵ
䣡
ͭŹײһ𣬱޾ĹâµɽϯܣսȦΧˡ
Ҷץס˺˵ʱŲȳѥһٳһ֣͵ĹҪܻʵ顣


1055 ɱϣϣ
ͷۣ
ԤеΣգѪ֮仯ͷ۵ռֳ̬ɱҶ硣
ѣ
ȫϮǰҶлγ˿µѣ֮شһݺݵغĻ꺣Уһ꺣вǿҵѣθС
һ̣ҶȼħѪ仯ǿħ֮޷һ𣬿塣
޷ǿסʱҶץסһ첲ڽؽ˳ȥ
ಣ
ʧȥ޷ʧصԼٶȷ˳ȥݵһ·û뵽ȼյĵѺۡ

ûѺʱȼյĺɫ֮ûˣȵĻڻϵһУճ˻ҽ
·
ʬ޴֣ҶֽĿͶϡ
ҶҶ磬ҾɽΪУԸ˳֮ķһ
ҶĿԼԨһֱϵĸоæĵ
ԨģҶԥһ£ĿͶ˱仯ս̬ż޽ëԳսĽʨ
ಣ
Ҷ½âһһ޵񽣣ƿռڽʨǰ֮䣬һޱȵĽâݺݵ˽ʨ
໣
ͻҶ繥ʨһӶһƴڽƶɵĴ󵶣ֵסҶĽâ
һֽն
Ŵ֮ƵĵͼֳҶ壬ҶһףһƲ磬һ˽ʨؿڡ
һٶ̫죬쵽һ˵ķӦ
ʨ𣡡
ʨĸ֪ᵽһĿ£ȫȫǿ׳һ˲ͣɽХʨѪ䣬Ťգ˽ëԳϮҶ硣
꣬ڣ
ʯ䣬뵽콣УһǰҶ溣ۣʨм۶ϣһ˺˽ʨ𣬴˽ʨϣǿ׳һ޴ĽѪ˳
Ѫȼգ
һ˽ʨҶȼѪռе֮ڽ壬һö·̺صӡ
ӡ
Ҷ籩һǧ˿Ƶ֮Ʒ뵽ӡУһӡ𶯣ռޱ䣬ӿֲһͿһӡʱСĸо
䣡
ʨȫӶڽ󵶱µӡӡ֮ɽ˽ʨǿ׳ϣȫϵغˡ
д֣򣡡
ۿʧصĽʨҪеĴҶͷеͼһֻ֣ƿ֮ƺݺݵغڽʨϣ˲䱬Ӳҽ˵زϡ
ʨ
ɱ¾֮㡢Ѫʨ޵ϿʨΣգɫһ䣬仯ǿͷ̬֮ҪɱΧ
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ɱͼ
ȭ
⵽Ϸıɱһɱ¾֮ħƵû׷ʩչǿֶΣӲĹԮʨĻᡣ
䣡
һܿƵıը졣
зܼ˲佫ɱ¾֮ûˣƻǵ塣
ܵɿµҲһ£ѪӻԮٶȡ
ץסɱ¾֮˴ƴʱ䣬ҶѪ磬˼صĽʨԣܲһ㽫ӵزа˵ؽݵĵڶ·ϡ
ţû£
ʧصĽʨû뵽ȼյĵѺʱûеһʱȼҶдϲĿض
ʨûĵ֮İ׾ʱѪͻȻȼ֮䣬Ϊ˻ҽʬ޴档
·ֲԣ
Ȼ֤ʧܣҶ˵ȴһϢʨûѺİײȼڻ֤Լķȷġ
ѺеĽӡ˵ֻ֮Ҫҳ·ԼһԴѺۡ
Ƕȥɣ
ɱһɱ˼صɱ¾֮ˣҪɱйߡ

ؼʱҶ罫˵ɱ¾֮ˣĴ޴ͽǬУܿϵ
ԳֽˣȥԸ϶
һϵɱһֻʣǬϣԨһս޻ʾˡ
ƵԨ˳սԶҶĶ־ֻʣǬˡ
ã
״̬ĽëԳһֳһʮص߸ߵԾִս
Ҷ磬Сˣû뵽СȻƻǵļƻ
޵ؿƿǬŪڹ֮еҶ磬ʼ޷ţӴݣҶһơ
Ϊ˾뵽Σյľء
Ҫ˵㣬ǬҲ󣡡
ҶԵ˵ȼѪʵޣ仯ͷۣƴɱһ


1056 ɱϣ£
䣡
ҶϱǿӶԵײһޱߵľˡ
֪ܻܲ뿪ҶҪһƴؼƹȼǿѪ֮Ѫ֮һҶˡ
ŵ
Ӳһ·磬ҶһĶãŵٻ˳ѹϡ
̣䣡
ŵΡĸɽײھѪһööɽ䣬裬һööǣײŵϣӲŵ޷
Ҷ磬ҵҪ㻹ʲôֶΡ
̵סŵ¶֮ɫɱ⣬ɱҶ硣
ãҳȫ㣡
Ѫħͼڣ
ҶһħѪħͼٻ˳ѪΪۣѪħͼеа֮뵽塣
֮䣬ҶʵǣټѪҶʵ˾Ҳֻһ֮ң
䣡
ʵǣҶֳرٴϼսһ
һΣӲȫһҶ粢ûбˣΪ֮ɫвһ˿
Ҷ絽״ðģδ̫ˣĻӣụ̂
ҶֶΣԽԽľԽԽĲÿÿϸоԼҶ뵽ֶϵıܴ
콣ã
Ҷ籩һͼ£ӡƵ콣ӵ㴹嫵ĽסϣƲɵ
ӡ
ã֮ûؽҶͬʱͬʱӡӿ㼯۳һֻͲԵ˫ޣ̤˲ռ䣬ӭã֮
Ʒײ˲䣬һйâ
Ʒ壬Ļ֮ҶϷһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ҵҪܳŵʲôʱ򣡡
Ҷ粻˺ƻ籩ԼɱѸٷһŴҶڷ籩мƴɱ
޷
Ƕڷ籩һδζײɱʱҶ罫޷ٻ˳Ϸ͵Ϯһ
зֳһֱֺۣ޷
ѣ
Ϸ֮ʣҶлγ˿µѣϵ꣬ķӦһ˿ٻ
Ž裬ͨ£
ץסݼŵĻᣬҶնŴ֮ĽâĴ⣬޵еնϣһ˳ȥѪؿڽ۴˳
ˤλòԶŴƣһϴЩƣͻᴥմɱ
ҶѸٽһ̵֮˶У֮ǿĻָٵػָƣֳرϷ취뵽
Х
ַһĴѹƣĳХߺ˼ϮҶ硣
رƣ
Ҷ罫޴ĵܵǰӶر͵ն˺ſµ˵Ŀϡ
ϳʥף
Ҷһţϳʥ壬ƻǿĺϡ
ԵʵӲϳʥʱҶʩչһֶΣٻʮ˰Ǭ֮Ϯɱϡ
û֮֮ƻָٶԶԶ֮飬ӵ֮Ҷ磬ټϸոֱɱ¾֮˺ˣأĹƱҶǬ֮סˡ
ϱϾ˾֣ʵǿĿ£Ȼ֮УҶȻ޷ɱ
ҶĹУϱһǴصƴ
Ž裬ͨ£
ۿϴڵµƣҶ粻ˣٴʩչɱնȥ
ڻӴĴ֮£ܵ˳㣬ֻӣӲ°Ľâ
䣡
ݺݵ˲ãŽϣһϵбըУǿƵҶɱһȴǿķýڽڰˣڵµơ
һ̣ϸоȻһ𣬴Ѻ۳֣޾ĺɫֱϯϵ壬Ҫû塣

ؼʱ̣϶Ψһһö豣ֵ֮ϢɫĻһյ˳
ӳɫ˲䣬ͫͻȻ󣬲ϵ¶˾֮ɫ
Ҷ绯һ޵еѪգԼٶϮ˹ݺݵغϡ
֮ʣϼȫǱҶʩչ䡣
ϵͨ˲䱬󣬺ϲϵغˣû뵽˺ɫС

һҽ𣬿µĺɫٵطϵ壬˲Ϣ֮䣬ˡ
ۿϱɫҶͻȻץסһ첲ӲӺɫק˳
һ̣һϻδعҶ籬֮Ƶ˳ȥݵĵ·С
һΣһϢڵѺзɳǧףձȵĵ֮ڻ
ڻ˲䣬Ҷеһ˿ڵѺ۰оһϡ


1057 Ĳ
Ҳˣ
޼ɱǬ򣬷ɥڵѺ۵һĻ¶һ˿ֻ֮ɫ
û뵽Ҷļս޻ʾʵȻɱ˾ϡ
񣬽֮Ԩֻʣˣȫɥ
δġ
Ȼʥ־ס޵Ĺƣʱƣʥ־ԽԽ޵ֶβʱڸ޷ɱ
һʥ־ʧԻ޵սĴ̱Σա
Ҷһƿˮһ޼ƴɱǬûж֣ϵ޷һ𹥻ëԳս֡
Ҷ޷Ĵġ
ժȭ
ëԳץסʱʩչ㴫Գһͨǳ֣ݺݵغؿϣһȭ˳ȥؿȫݽ壬Ѫ
Ҫɱң
ˣֿ־ˣòġ
ģҶ粻Ϊ޷һֱɥʧս
ˮ⡣
Ϊ˷ֹԱҶˮӿ壬ȫľؽ˳ȥݵĵ·
ڷɽѺ۰׾ʱֱֱĵ֮ճ˻ҽ
·ɴ
Ȼһ·û̽·ϣҶһָо·пܾ뿪·
һ°ɣ
һҶ簵¾ĵѸϥԭأ֮ͨ飬ٵػָĵĻ׼ȫһ
ϥҶ磬޼սǬüͷһһָоҶ缫пҵ뿪·
̫£ʥ־ּʧʹܻҶ磬ֻ취
ԼһʱҶ֮飬ָĵĻƣ޵磬Ҫսߡ
˵꣬Ҷ̤գڻҵĿռתŲƣԼٶֲĵѺۿ
ëүүˣ
ޱһ屬ڽֳͭŹ׺ݺݵ䣬ֱӽǬˣҶѺ۷ȥ
Ҷͻ޷˵ѺۣǬͶԶԨԥһ£ǽ棬ƴһ
ߣǳȥ
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ǬԨҲûԥȺƽ˵ѺۣҶ紩ԽѺۡ
ڴԽѺʱҶᵽѺǺεȵĿ£͸Ĳãۻ֮˴
֮ȻһȻյҶƤ۲ѣѺʵĺںɫҶ紥Ŀġ
ɣ㼫ƷУֱܱڻҪ˵ˡ

Ҷ缱ٷɳʱǿ͸֮𣬸оĴڡ
ȸ£κĳ֣֤Ͼ뿪ˡ
ʱռе¶ԽԽߣһֲĵ֮͸ؽӡ͸˽ǵ壬Ǵв
ľɵ֮𣡡
ؼʱ̣Ҷ罫ڵĻ޴ͽǬУľٻ˳ƻľɵ֮
ˣ
ľɵ֮֮ʣɵĽɫѪӳĽ⣬εػסҶ壬ֱӸ˿µĵ֮
Ѫʲôŵܸ֮
Ҷû뵽Ѫ˵죬շ˿µҩ¯֮飬ܸԷֵĵ֮

ҶڽѪ£ٷʱһҽ
Ԩδܵס֮ķգӱճ˻ҽɥȪ
ǬȻǿʵס˵֮ķգҲյȥƶջȫƤһƬ
ǽѪ
ҶڽѪºǬ¶˲֮ɫ
ƣǿҶ֮ľ룬ҪǿлɱȡǵؽѪʱֵķ֣ԼǰԶ˴ĵ֮𣬷˳ڡ
Ŀǰ״޷͸µĵ֮
ؿֻУ֪ʱҶͻȻĶУĿͲҪֿҽ㴫ͽҵĿռ֮Уɾһ
ȻǬ֪Ҷûаģʱ˿̣ûѡֻֿܷҶ紫ͽǬС
ǬҶûм٣ڽѪı£ȼգڻĵ֮ǿ˺һͨ˵Ѻۣ档


1058 Ǭ򳼷
ɹˣڳɹԽѺˣ
ѺʧҶ緢ԼһϵĻĵУſŨҶ糤һ԰׵¶˽ٺЦݡ
ûǵνѪҶ粻֪ԼܷŴѺۡ
ǵѪʲôأ
ҶֹһγںǵνѪȴȫʧˡ
һָоԼҲǵνѪйأֻԼûҵ⿪Ѫܵİ취
Ǭʱˣ
ڹϻĵлָĵĻҶһ뵽ǬУ׼Ǭ֮շǬ֪֮ͨԨܡ
ˣ
ǬŨ˵Ǭ򣬸оҶϢ֣ӥ۾ɭȻ˵ʱ׼һ
ǬȰʵһЩȻԿֻԼ
ȻǬ˾֣ǬУҶ޵еĴڣǬвԡ
ƾ㣡
ǬЦһӱӶ𣬹֣ɽһӭҶ硣
ɫǲʵˣ
ҶЦһǬ֮ڽ壬һָ˴֡
꣡
ɲ⵽ҶһָҵĲһ£鲣һͻȻڰбˡ
ʲô
ĿҶһֵָһĻǬӲǰһĻ
һ̣Ҷ˲һǰ̧֣ա
ȻҶһٶȲ죬ǬʵȫԶ㿪ܵҶǬ֮ѹƣǬ򶯵ãֻҶİȵԼϡ
ž
һİǬҶһƳ˳ȥͬߵķݣڰлһĻߣݺݵˤ˵ϣѪ˳˳
⣬ʲô
ܵǬ֮Ŀ£Ǭû˸ոյĴݣĿֻ
ǬΪôľһҶ翴ŴʧɫǬ˵Ҿ͵
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Ǭа˲ȼǿѪ֮仯ͷֳۣҶ硣
ž
ɱڵǬ򿿽ҶʱµǬ֮ٴкݺݵѹϣá
һ̣ҶֳַһƣǬ˳ȥѪŶʳ
ӡ
Ǭ³һѪˮڵֱͬʱӡ͵֮޵еޣ̤ſռײҶ硣
磬ҶȻҵӡǬУҶȴһְ취һС
ಣ
һ̶ƿٶȾ˵ҶֱӴԽӡǬ򾪿ֵĿע£ǰݺݵ߳һţؿϣֱӽ߷ڵأѪȪһ
ǬӦʵ˰ɣ
Ҷ翴ƲǬ˵
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ʱǬҶĻǬУ޵еĴڣԼֶͨΣҲ޼¡
ң
ҶӸµؿǬ򣬲ݿܵ˵
룡ҾҲ᳼㣡
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ɲ㣡
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣˮĹƺܿ콫شܵ˼ˣֱ뵽С
һ̣Ҷ罫ԸոշѲõȡ˳͸ǬԴѺۣ꺣Уǿжпơ
ǬȻ˾֣ʮֿ£˵£סɻԵʴ
ܿ죬ĴʶͱɻԿˣԹԳҶ硣
㣬ʲô
Ǭӻʱоʶı仯ɫһ䣬ֵ˵
ǬҲϣպֿ˵Ҷ翴ɫǬؾ
ǣҶ٣
Ǭ޷ҶԹԵص˸߹ͷ­˵
Ǭ㣬֮ԨʲôطҶ¶һ˿֮ɫűϹϾǬʵ
żܣ֮ԨпϬ֮ءǬ򲻸Լ֪ȫҶ硣
ϬǬҶüͷһĬѵйأˣ
ܿ죬ַ뷨£Լйϵ
Ǭ֪ϬΪλ½磬Ϊ֮ԨУҶʵ
֪żûнܡǬҡҡͷ˵ݹżܣ½󣬺¶棬ʲ²⣬½磬ҲΪػʲôΪѰʲô
ѵ֮Ԩ۵ĹѨܣ
ǬҶо֮ԨܾǽϬĹѨһž֮ա
Ǭ㣬ǰڵõ۹ʲôã
뵽ǬΪ䱦۹ǣҶʵ
۹۵Ĺͷ̺֮ǾѵĴ֮ֵȹŵǬ˵
۹Ǹң
ҶҪǴ֮
ǣ
ǬԹԽ۹˳͸Ҷ硣
۹ǣǬǿн뼫Ʒ֮ѪӡھҶ硣
Ǭ򣬽ɣʱ죬Իɹ췣ͻؾ
Ҷ͸һݳʮ棬۹ǺͱһŨ֮׼ʵ


1059 Բ
֣ŹǽϬģΪʲôɢأ
۹̺ǿҶԽо֮Ĺ⣬ﻹܡ
֮գ类֮Ժ󣬲ȥˡ
ҶϥϢһᣬ״̬ѣóһƷȼذףĸԼĶ꣬һ̺ǿ۹ǣŽλڶеѨУתת
໣
ͻȻ۹һµ޺һҶը죬µҶ˫Ѫ˳Ķ˳
⣬ǲ۹еʶ
۹ӴʶҶס񣬿ƻľѹ
һ̣۹ӿʶ뵽Ҷ꺣УԺв˴Ӱ
ʮɣ׳ǣȫ˫˸Ϲ⣬ɢŰϬ쳤ХҪݿҶʶ
Ҷ꾭ǧǿޱȣټѹʶ޷ꡣ
дľʹԸֳĻ꺣ͷųǿγУʶ
ܿ죬ʶˣʧҶ꺣С
ת䣬ȫ
ûʶţҶһеһתת䣬Ѩе۹ǣɱ飬ǿǿȺ
۹ϬĹǺʮֵļӲתųһͨǿ
ھת£Ӳ۹Ǳһĥ飬۹͸һ뵽Уɱٶȡ
ҶʮһֲиŬ۹ڱ飬͸˳ڽУ˲ɱ䣬仯顣
۵ĹǺ̺ʵ̫Ӵˣôʱ䣬ͻƵ徳硣
壬Ҷ粢δֹͣȡ˵ڶ۹ǣУתת
ʱµʶٴγֱ֣ӳĻ꺣УҪ꺣˺ơ
ȻҶ꺣⵽ʶĹͣ׼Ҷ粢ţס꺣ٵɣܿ콫۹̺ʶˣȫڶ۹ǣͥѨС
ҶǬ۹ʱ֮Ԩ˾ޱ䣬һɹŨ֮ڵ֮Ԩ˳֮ԨУʹõ֮Ԩøӵա
ԼʱҶ纬еĵڶ۹Ǳתˣ͸裬ҶȫͥѨеС
ȻԲôɵġ
ںһ۹ǵľ֮Ҷ緢ͥѨеֽ֮һ۹˳Уȫ
۹ǣôģ
Ҷ۹ڼ䣬Ǭһֱڰй۲죬֣Ҷ粻Ĩȥ۹еʶܽӲ۹飬ˡ
оҶһ׵޵׶û֪ĵж٣ıҶֶ۷
ʱţһʱš
Ϊ˴ʵҶ罫۹ǣ͸˼£ȻڽͥѨУ׵ɱ䡣
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ں˵۹ȫͥѨе鲻ϵرѣһǿγɡ
ڣͥѨɱ壬ҶҲԲ磬ڽ
ǧ
оǧҶ¶Цݣһ仯ħ֮ҶֱӿԽڽأ¼ʥˡ
ҶҲƷ仯ħ֮ʩչܴﵽǿƷˮ׼һ˵
ڵ仯ħ֮һȭԽս޻ҳ⽴ɣ
Ҷǳı仯Բ磬ҲӵԿ˾Ϲֵʱˡ
Ѫ
ʵǣҶ罫ƷѪսȻֽϣͼ˵˳ѪʮƷƷʮǬ֮Ǭ
˴ɱ˵õĹŵҶû˽أȫ͸ħƣ㣬Լޣǿǵʵ
ոչ˳Ǭ򣬶õ˲СջҶ罫ǻ֮ĹõһŹŵ͸ѡ
Ҷ٣֪¯𣿡
ǬҶߣо¯ڴʵ
֪¯Ƿ̲ǿĵҩ
ڵʵ򲻿¯
Ҷγԣȴȫʧˣ֮¯ٶȸǻޱȣоԼҪ¯ҪͻƵս޻ʾ硣
Ҷ٣ǽѪԣǽѪܰ¯𣿡Ǭ
¯Ҵ򲻿ǽѪҲˣ
ΪǬɻԿƣҶ粻ѣ˵
Ҷ٣ѵûǵνѪ
Ҷ޷ѪǬ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ѪΰҶ磬϶ҶƣȻҶϵôԶ
ûУǵѪ⣬ĿǰʵˣҶҡҡͷ˵ˣǺúɣҳȥ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪Ǭص֮쳣ŨƮŴ꣬ĪΣյĵ֮ԨС


1060 ǰ½
ţ󣡡
Ҷǿһ·ɱ֮Ԩе꣬Ƭĵصһߴʯ
ʯ棬ӡ͸ŲɣУڲ֪µĴ
󣡡
ԶĹŴҶӷӣ˵һֻֻ·꣬˷ӡڽеĹŴԣ˸ߴʯӡ̵һſ͸ϢĹ֡
ʯϵĹϹţ𼫴󣬺ܶҶʶֻģز³ֵ˼
ԣݣ
Ҷ۾Ե͸ʯУٵʯϹŵĹ֡
ܿ죬£ҶʯϹ˼
ԭ뿪֮ԨĴұǽ֮ԨĴ󣬲ʯȷ棬֮ԨʮֵΣգûս޻Ͼ磬ʮ
֪ʵҶüͷһ
Ȼ֮Ԩ֮̽Ԩܣ֮Ԩ̫Σգʯȷ棬Ҷԥ
ˣպͻƵս޻ɣ棬òʧ
֮Ҷð֮ԨͷӸߴʯȡһŴʯ
ŴպֱӴ͵֮Ԩ
ˣ
Ҷߴ󴦣ԵƽִĹϽƣ˴뿪Σķž֮յĵ֮Ԩص̲شƵĺС
ţˣ
ҶٶȼĴؽƣγʱǿںʮĸ֣ػں⡣
վסǺˣô
Ҷγ֣һɫףֳһǹ磬һֻ̤ս޻ʾӳǰλߵĿǣҶ硣
ô̶Ѩ𣿡Ҷ΢΢̣һɷ֣ζ˵
Բ磬ҶһԼʵʮ־ˡ
󵨣ɫһŭĺǳɫǲʵˡ
ϣס
Ӵһӣ
ಣ
ӻ䣬ֶĺˮֳһɳɣشͷ󵶣նҶ磬Ҫһش
⣬ס֮Ƶͷ󵶹Ҷ粻ܣƴնԼϡ
ʲô
նҶϣһӲϵĸоһǿķ֮͸ͷ󵶴ǶֱУֱ۷飬Ѫղסͷ󵶡
Ҫʱˣһϰɣ
ԵסֵȫһҶ米˫֣ɫ֣ݵ˵
µʲôˣ
ʶҶ羪˵һСҶ磬ʵ
ٲ֣ͱҲǻˣҶЩ͵ľ
ˣ㡭
һ
úúãȻǳȫ㣡
Ҷ翪ʼӵ֪ҶûŻǣ׷ȼѪ֮仯ǿ޻̬ڵһ
ʮַһҶ粻ܣɿĵԼ塣
ڵƷ±Ӧ޷˺ҷֺ
оʮֵĹһ㣬Ҷ¶Цݡ
һ̣Ҷ缤ѨϵǧһֻԻĹŵޣֱѹһ֡

һҽʮֱҶһȭȭˣһѪڱĺˮС
ǿƻɱʮ֣Ҷǵ֮˺űĺˮԼٶȷɳ˺ƽ档
뿪˶Ҷûȥ¼ңûȥ
ʥشѾʵԼǵĶԹҲźͼ˵ɢ
ʱȥˣ
оĴ½ԼĵطѾ࣬ƴ֮ûʮİȥգǰ½ĺ紳һʥƼϵļζҩ
ʵһٷ֮͵֮Ԩ⿪յصܣȡصԵ
Ҷھ֮ϼٷɳۣΨһɽľǵȥ
ɳҹʱĸ֪ͻȻһɽ֮·ϣһƥӵѪŵĽɫᣬڼݻ͸һ˿ͭζĽɫУеһϤϢ

ɽ·ϼ۵Ҷ΢΢̣һưâٵط˹ȥ


1061 
˻˻˻
оϢƥӵѪŵɪɪ˳еˡ
ţĳһֻŨںëֲ¶һŴֿס
â֣þò
Ҷ¶ѵõЦݣ˹ȥк
糾֣
ͨѩףûһɫ֮ϵҶ磬âһ¶˿ϲ֮ɫһŨŨ֬
糾֣û̫ˡâЩ˵Ҿ֪ǰ˶Ը㡣
â֣Ҫȥ
Ҷâһֱܺ棬ʵ
ʵ׼ؾâԥһ£˵
û뵽â־ȻǾˡҶɫƽ˵֪âֵݣΪβھţȴܵ˱½̡
ҵΪӣ츳ֲУھֻ˳Ц۸Ҳûʲô־ֻ椣⣬ǲؾġâ̾Ϣһ
˷糾֣Ҳ׼ȥɣ
ǰȺɽǽľǵâµҶĿģʵ
ȥ翴۽磡Ҷ˵ͷ˵
û뵽Һͷ糾ԵâˬĴЦһǵһʱ䣬֪糾ǷȤҳϣҶһ
Ȼ
ҶΪ˺ˬµâЩøУҲͨâ˽½ʹشӦˣֱԾɢŽϡ
⳵ᾹԳɿռ䣡
â뵽ӲӵĳУҶ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽âӹ׵ĳᾹȻһӡһӿռ䡣
Ȼӿռ䲢󣬷ҲޣĴ½ѵһ
ڳУɴ͸˯ȹ֣ü͸òŮӡ
һſҹҫ£Ůţ̰ϸļ͹µɢջĵζֱȫ¶ڿУɢĵĹâǡ
ʲôݼ繫ӣ
Լɵޣâǳ
ݼ繫ӣ
ȻʮֵŮȴû¶Ť󣬾֮ɫ΢΢󷽷ǰĻȱ¶Ҷǰ
âֹĹȻеĽҶ罫ĿŮ˵ߣ뿪Ц˵
ûз繫ǰ츳޷׷ϴֻ֮â̾Ϣһ糾֣ǺȾơ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷâһŰ̶ɵԡ
ʱâεε̳ƣһɢ˿˿ı룬ʳڷϡ
糾֣Ǿñط꣬ɣ
âһƣҶһ
ܿ죬ǿУ̳ƱǺȹ⣬â̳ƷϣΪǶơ
ڶ˺Ⱦ֮ʣҶĴâд̽һЩ顣
ԼâؿƿҶûй׷ʡ
â֣֪磬ͨʲô;ܶһһЩϡҩݣ
Ҷ磬Ҫһ⣬һĿģǾѰʥƼϵҩݡ
ֻҪʥƼϵܴļͻƵʥ֮ʱܵļʽ
Ȼ󲿷ԴƿУһƿصԴȴǾġ
糾ҪһһЩϧҩݣȥԣֻҪó㹻ĳ룬½еҩһâһã˵
â֣֪ʲôطҶ̫İüͷһƣʵ
ıأеϳǳУڡâһƣɵ˵ݳǳشСʦĹģȼҲһߵȼʥ󣬾ƷֻĻʳԼͳǳزŻС

סâĻҶ׼һᣬȥ󿴿ѰʥƼϵļζҩ
糾֣ҹ費ҪޣȤĸâȸеƣһϵʹһɫ
âУŮ˾ֻ·ֵܲҪģܻ䡣
繫ӣСŮźϢɣ
âķ飬ˮһ͸˺޲ҧһڵŮҶϣ󵨱ŵʵ
â檽˱ɴ˯£ҶϣҶظоеԵļǰ㲻ϵҶУġ
Ҷļ㣬ɫ޷Իټȷʵâ޲Ȥίľܾ˺ˣ޾Ͳˣ
ˣλϢˣҳȥ͸͸
˵꣬ҶӳеĽƣԾص֮ϣһɽŨĬĬĵϢ
ڿǵʱҶ˲ʵǿߣЩߣȫﵽս޻ʾ磬ȻǶΪ½
ڣʱ֣Ҷ磬âǧɽһ಻֪ûƶ˵ͨĻռ䡣
ͨĻǸľǵ


1062 ǵ
ǵڵˣ
âɵ۾ŹǷӳ˳ϣŲǺۡ
ȻҹûٺɵĸС檲ս
糾֣ǸֱӴԽؽƽ磬սǵ
Ϊˣâǵʵ
սǵǵ
Ҷ翴ͨĻŹĻ̺ǵһ˿Ȥ
糾֣ǵҪԽؽƣܽ½âϸ˵Խǵʱ⵽ǵĽƺвʶˡ
İâ֣ǵѲңҶ¶һ˿ŵЦݣؿ˾ǵ
ʱǵվʵ׵ߡ
Уһͷѩף۽һ԰̺ۣɷоߣԼһıһ˫һۣɢ˲ŮҶ⡣
ǶɢϢǶļս޻ʾ磬Ĵ½Ķɢޡ
С椣ǱһΣ˭ȴԽǵ
׷ѩ׵ɽ룬ĿȵؿϺɫİ͹µŮӣ
ȻԣǲǼӵעȤһЩŮ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݣ˵
֪㿴Ϸʲôˣ׷Цʵ
ȥ½δ֪˼е㵨ӣҪϵĵĢɡ֪Ը𣿡ŮӺ촽΢ţεε˵
ãҺˣˣҪҵС檣ʮꡣ׷߱ԸеӣĵòԣһڴӦ
ϵ׳ҴӦˣŮʮʹشӦȻԼʵġ
ˣǿʼɣ
Ůһ£Ƕ˫˫ȼǿѪ֮仯ǿս̬ʵޣ⣬ͨĻľǵС
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˳ǵ˲䣬޴ĹĻĽڹĻڣµϢһ˸߹һ˵سǶ˵塣
֮⣬
⵽ǵƹŮӽ֮ݵ£ǰγһǿܣֵŽ֮ȫԽơ
ŮȴԽһؽʱһܴ͸ھǵ𣬴һƵʣݺݵغĶУһ걻̴ĸоѪ˳Ķ˳
ˮ֮⣬˫
ĤɼˣŮˮ֮ס˫ʩչյǿ͹ǿ˺Ƶڶؽơ
׷߽ٻĢɡסĿռ䣬žǵƺ
ڶʹչͨǿ˺ؽʱɼϮ룬ǵķǻ꺣С
ۣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ǶˣͷѪӦǳһ˿ٻ
ʱǵؽγɵżɽϮݺݵغǶϣһشˣǵķ
Ƕҧʮʱһɺ嫷Ľ֮Ƕϣǵֱ꣬ӽŮ˳ȥˤ˾ǵ
׷Ȼ̵ĢɡʮգҲǱĽشˤ˾ǵսʧܡ
ǵôǿ
ʵǿĶսʧܣǵһոͻƵһս޻ʾ߷սǵͷ
û弶ս޻Ͼ磬ǲܴԽǵ뵽ģ
ǰǰһˣǲ֪Ƿ˴Խǵ磡
Ʋᣬϥڵ˵İ׷ߺŮӣ˽Сš
˲а̲ʵ츳ҪŴԽǵȫʧˡ
糾֣֪ǵĽ˰ɣﻹҵĳУֱӴǽ磬ȫһЩ
âɫƽ۾û¶һ˿Ҷ磬ٴ
ãһսһ£Ҷҡҡͷܾ
Ҷ׼һͬսʱһ̶ƿͻȻ
һɫĽأͦεķͣӯӯһյԲβ޳ȸ˵Ůƿնһ˫˫ԾĿע£ֱӴ͸˾ǵУٶȼĴԽžؽơ
ˣ
ȫԽ£ؽˣһʯХϵ𣬹ꡣ
ǿ֮⣬ƶٶȸǿֲʮʹԽ˾ؽƽ뵽硣
ͻһĻҲȫþǵ˵ɴ۾ͻȻֵŮʵ


1063 ֮
ǿС
ϵҶ¶˵Цݣûٵʱ䣬˻У䲻˾ǵڳˡ
ҿ˺ţȻ޴ǵѵ֪⵽ǵ˫𣿡
ߣȲ֪ߵغļһҼöˣ˲ײԴǲʵģҹ༸ͻˤ
ոսʧܵİ׷ߺŮӣ¶˼֮ɫ۾ˣٹעҶ硣
ˣ
ҶƲɵĳǵʱ⵽ǵصĽƹ½ƽһγ˫֮ҪҶɳȥ
˫ƹҶɫ䣬ĳһƣе籡һֻԽԽƣ֮ȥ
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Ϯ˫ƾҵĲһ£鲣һˡ
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ҶٵĴԽһؽƣϮ˶ؽơ
ʱھҲĽ籼Ϯĳˮ룬Ҷꡣ
ţǴ֮
⵽Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫΪ֣ǵеȻǴ֮γɵġ
˼֪ݳǵ̺Ĵ֮𣿡
ҶԴ֮һ˿ȤգƱسΪһơ
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Ҷһ£ͣԵǵУǵ̺Ĵ֮͹켣
֮ʣǵеĽ֮ʹ֮ԽԽǿϯصĺҶꡣ
ǵĴ֮󣬳⵽ͻƾż޵ȼ֧ŲסһѪ˳Ķ˳Ⱦѩ׵ë
ۿ֧Ųסһǿĵס׵ֵס˴֮ͽƹ
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ʱҶǰУ粽ֱ֮Ӵ͸˶ؽƣؽƵĽƺʹ֮
Ǽһڸʲô
ӰģҶھǵͣͣߣǵ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
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Բ͸ؽеĴ֮˹켣ҶǰУһز͸֮
ҿʱˣսǼһڹ𣿡
ϣ˵Ǽһڸʲô
žǵԽԽĴ֮Ůӵһʵ
֪׷ҡҡͷ˵ھǵôãʵֲҪͨǵѣʵ벻ͨΪ涺ôá
Ҷ׷ײ²ʱҶƵ˰ؽƣ˾ؽƴǿĴ֮
ʱ£Գɹӡ̳֮Ĺ켣ƿ˴֮ơ
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ҶͻȻǳҪĿĹâص⣬е⣬ⰴմ֮켣緢
𡭡
µ쾪ףХھǵըֱըɸߵľؽƣǵ
⣬ʲô
ǵзʲô
ǵͻأֵĴ֮ǵŵ˫һ¶˾֮ɫŵһƨ˵ϣѪɫ
һ̣һĻˡ
½½ϾǵˣѺۿɼٶӣ֧顣
ҿһѾǵǼһ𣿡
ϣûһָоոǵµǵе񣡡ŮԼߣҶһʵ
˵۾һɣ¶˻ģ
ûв´ھǵдôãӦڲ͸ǵеȻʵ̼ܴԽǵŮӲ²
˾һ治֪ҡҡͷҶʵס
ǿ̫ǿˣ
űҶһѵľǵâ¶˻ģŰסĵ𾪡
ʱûеʱ䣬óһöɫƣǶϣƥͻȻ٣ֱӳ˲Ѻ۵ľǵ
ڽɫ£âû⵽κɴ˾ǵ׷Ҷ뵽쳣ŨռȶһɽС
ҶâɽʱһҵĴǶС
˳ԴҶ翴ǿƴԽǵɫĻŮӣ֮ⷢӵ£ʮɫףɢŨŨ߼ս
ȻŮʵ½ߵʵԶ磬ֶβټϵƣŮӵĹƲϱѹƣ


1064 ͵͵ϲ
ס֡
δҶ˵ĿȣֱźŮӻף¶һ˿֮ɫâһӣǳ
âʮڼӺᣬֳָԵĵ͵ĹŮӣƱҪش
ģǶɣס֣û𣿡
âֳֽɫƣ߸߾ٹͷİ
ߣҲǣ
âеĽɫƣΧŮӵʮڼӲΪ¶˼֮ɫ
ȻӾĻοâʵֻھ磬ǲм
糾֣ɷְǹ
е޷ɽâòԵҶ硣
â֣ʶҶ¶ŵЦݣʵ
ʶâҡҡͷɫԵ˵糾ϳһʶˡ

ɫϵâҶ̾ϢһЩ
ݣҶȴЩ⣬Ҷû뵽âͷô󣬾ȻǾˡ
âٰ£Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫ˵λֲס߱ӻߣҿɱû¡
Ҷʮڼɫ΢΢һ䣬¶ŭ֮ɫǻЩ˼âݣûгֹ
ɫɷףһѪĺŮһۿͲҶ磬ĸûݻ֮⣬ҧؿļ֡
һǿĹ
źŮӲΪҶ΢΢̣¶һ˿֮ɫ
糾֣Ͽ־ȾôƯһˣ˴̫ϧˣâһŵĴߴٵ
İɣֵסǵġҶ¶ŵЦݣĵصȴš
쳱
ںŮӱڼӺ֮ʣһҧƣ֮ݵ£ǿʩչĿǰյǿһС
ڵĻ֮⻯ȼյĻ𳱣ſ죬µϯ񷣬ʮڼӡ
䣡
ڻ쳱һ˸߹һ˵Ĺ£ʮڼӷĹƣµĻ˳ݺݵغϣǺ˳ȥ
ĺڼ׷ףֵ˾󲿷ֹһԽشʧȥս
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ˣʮڼӣŮɨһҶâһŵҩѸ뿪
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ʱ˵ĺڼӱһ͵һԦ޴ųֻȫɫâ峤ף¶ŷ˼޵ȼǣ
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̫أȫֱ֮˺ѣʮʵܷӳһɣֵֻǵĹȫ̳ĳҲһֻһצķɡ
ۿǷҧϸĲϣ׼ʩչֶΡ
ͻȻǰһһģӰֻֻ֣֮ץסֻǵĺȣ͵طֻ˼ӷ˳ȥ˺Ůһ
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Ҷ¶ŵЦݣźŮ΢΢Щ԰ף͸һ˿֮˵
ߣǿҲûİɡŮһ˵
²´ˣҶ΢΢һЦʵҪ㲻죬Ӳҵġ
㡭
ҶĻŮɫһ䣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʱȶסƵʮڼӣֳָԵĵɱ˹ΧɱҶ硣

Ҷ͵תµĴ֮ƳرһɣˤʮԶ˫һڣ˹ȥ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ҶһʮڼӣŮˣֵʵ
㲻ҪţҶûж⣬Ҳûʲôͼ֮Գ־㣬УҶ翴źŮ΢΢Щŵ˵
ѣ˭ŮӺҿʵ־Ҷ硣
糾ֵѾҡ
ʱâŴֿĴҶð˳žδĺŮӣ¶Ϊʮ˧Цݵ
˭ŮӾʵ
ĽߡǰĽߡâƤһֿ˵

вɣ
âôô˧ĴŮֺŭ˵
£âٴаĺŮӣͷЩ˼˵ʵֻһ¡
ʲô£Ůüͷʵ
͵͵ϲ𣿡âƤ˵
Ҷ磺
Ůӣ


1065 ŵâ
ˣˣ˵ز׾뿪˵ɣ
Ҷ翴ź޳ܣƤȳǽâˡ
ܲãȰòҪһɽȻ⣬ûܾ㡣Уѵľ뾡޸»º֢
˼صĺŮ˵߾ߣҶס˵
Ů㻹ǺһɣֻҪһڣ˶һëâظ֤
ʦڸ·ϣǸҶͼı죬ʦһὫǴң
Ҷ˵Ůܲã뾡޸֮˺ѵľ򽫻Ӱպ
Ǿ仰Ҫı㣬ܲˣŵҩ㣬ɰ޸ѵľ
Ҷ絭˵ȡһ޸ǿαӸ
סҶαŮԥǽŵҩ̵˶С
ʱһɾĻͷųȫٵ޸ѵľ
Ůҷ㵽ϰɣâǰ¶һЦ˵
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ҵߡҶ罫ǣ˹˵
ȫëѩûһ˿ɫһԳŮӶʱ¶ϲ֮ģԥһ£ϡ
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âĻŮķζըˣδηҶ羪˵ʵȥ޳ܵâˡ
һҹʱܿȥصĹâأµһ쵽ˡ
һҹˣҶαŮӻ޸˶ѵľ
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˵ţҶɫ̹Ȼ߳˿ջ棬챻һεʮڼӣףɫɢǿɱӶ˿ջ档
λͳ죬ҹ˵ǡһڼó޵۾Ҷ磬ͼӴ׵ɿ
ǵӲСҲҶһͳ˵ʶĹԹ־ܣɱۡ
ģ˭Ǿ塣
ʱâֳ־˳Եʮ˵
Ǿˣ
âеĽɫƣͳɫ΢΢һ䡣
ȻǲǾˣλߣ۵Ĺˣ鷳
ͳ죬߳ĺŮӺâ绨ʱ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
âүүǾˣâԴںŮǰչ¶Լ߹ݡ
ߣʲôʱˣҿǼðģ
ͳ໥һۣ˼䣬˼ƻ˵
㡭âɫһԵ˵ǹۿâүүǲǾˡ
˵ţâ˼ٶõĵƣһ߽ӲӣʵȫŽɫƬĿָָзɳߡ
Ŀܣ
ǰӡžеı־ŽۿɢĿϢͳɫ΢΢һ䣬⡣
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ڽۿ£ͳ쵨ˣһݻ뿪
ʱһɿֲϢͻȻ֣һΡĸɽѹ
Ϣ֮ǿҶʵеΣպͿ־壬ȫëֱٴС


1066 һŮ
ʦ
ŴĿֲϢŮӲϲžҷĲ񷣬
һ̣һɫ޳ȹʸ߽ݲʩۣ֬ȴϢŮӣҡҷˣ̤
ȻҶܶŮŮӵһۣΪ֮̾ԡ
û뵽侹ƯŮӣֻһۣӵ뻳С
ԵâӵĲĿˮʳԽԽľɫŮӣԵ쳣ĿܣӶ
ǾɫŮͷŵϢ̫ǿâǰڨˡ
գû°ɣ
ʥâŮӻ䵽˺ŮߣЩ簮˵
ʦͽû£Ůҡҡͷ˵ͽȣȻͽ¼ʦˡ
Ҫ㲻ɣ
ɫŮӿžѹͷðſź֣˵
ǰϢŭζĴǰķϣǣպǾͽ
ȻɫŮû¶һ˿ɱ⣬Ϣͳȴһĸоŵ̬
ΪԼǬףҷţҾͻţ
ɫŮƽ˵һֶУȴ쾪ף岻ѡ
ɫŮӿеǬףĵʣȨļ֮һ
ǰ֪ˣ
ɫŮӺܻʵ֣ĺˣ׷׹˵ģԼһ
ǲǣ
ŵѪɫĵ֣ɫŮӲΪһ˿˵
˵꣬Ӷһֱۣ֯ƣ̼佫ճ˻ҽ

ĿþɫŮӻ֮䣬ٻֵĺֶΣŵâһ£æԴֱף⼤ŭ޹
þ˵ֶΣʵȵǬҪ£Ѳɴ쾳֣ҶҲ˵ʵ²ʵ
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ɫŮӻתŴҲҶͶͷðâһ˿˵
֮ͣǰ⡣âֵ̿˵ʶΪ˵ʵâҪֱͣ
ǬҶȴ˼һ£˵ȻǰڣͲˣҪ٣Ѫ֥񻨣֪ǰ𣿡
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ȻҲҪˣҶҡҡͷ˵
Ȱ룬½ʲô˶ʸ̸͵ġɫŮӻ˵͸˭İԵ
񡭡ǰǺųһŮ񣡡
Ϊˣâ֣֪ھǺεȵĴڡ
ȻһɢޣΪ̫׷ĵλʮ⣬ʶԸ׵
˵ʣ׷ߣ۽缫ߣʼûһ˱˹顣
ʱޣٸʮϢʱ俼ǣʮϢ֮Ҿͻ뿪˵
ллǰ⣬ͣҶ翴һ޵ףԥ˵
ҡҲ
֪ݣâǱѹĴԴ˵
ȻˣҾͲǿˣ
˵꣬ûһ˿ˮźŮշȥգ۾ʧߡ
â֣Ҳ߰ɣ
˷ߺҶҲûͣ뿪˱Ϣ壬ûһ˿С
Ҷһ뿪СʱҶ磬һСһʮ˺ϱܱ֦Ҷïɢ˿˿Ĺľ
Ҷһ˸ո뿪ľ֮󣬳Ӱˣȫ弶ս޻ʸ֣½Ҳһ
â֣ȻۿܣҾͲˣǾʹ˱ɣ
â߶в㣬뿪紾ӵСҶǱ뿪
ȵȷ糾֣ҴȥõطҲ٣âС۾¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ʲôط
âЦݵĴҶüͷ΢΢һʵ
֪ˣâŪ˵ǸطϢͨÿո֮ı룬糾Ҫҩݣȥ
ðɣҾȥ
˼֮Ҷ˵ͷԵ쳣˷ܵâڱֱĴ·ϼۡ
ʱ·ǽ뵽˾
ھԵҶԶԶһǳعģԶ½һ޴ͼľͳǳء
лתͼӰ죬Ҷ޷еľ󣬵˾޴ĳǳأǸ𺳡
ҹǣڵˣ
Զľͳǳأâ˫ð⣬Ԧƥһ·ۣҶ뵽ַ͸֮Ĳҹǡ


1067 ҹ
ҹǣâˣ
ֳ־쳣ܵâҶûнκεķãͽ뵽ҹС
ȻҶ֪ĳǳعģԶԶ½߽ҹǣҶ绹ǱǰһĻסˡ
ڲҹУһɸߣûƶ˵ͨ콨һ಻֪ɽڲҹ
ɽͱϣ񹤵޽һΰ
һЩдӵʮֵ׳ۡ
ڿĽֵϣ洦ɼ츳ڵῡܣЩ츳ῡ½ǸܳĴˡ
ڲҹУȴԵЩͨ
粻ӽĴ½űͬ죡
ŲҹеΰֵϵŵӣſŨҶ粻ɵøп
ȻеٶȣԳʮ౶ټµĴУһӹţ½ҲܳΪߣҪ˵Щˡ
ô糾֣ⲻҹǲɡ
âз۾ڽֵɨӣÿÿű¶ķϵŮӣ¶˷֮ɫ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ⲻҹȻشԵֻҪ㹻Ļ꾧ǻʵۣơ֮
ҲҹǻǾĽ״ǣܶϡ֮ﶼ֣ܳдԣｻ׵һŵ
߰ɣҵطϢϣҴȥˮ¥ֲۣ֤˼񣡡âһ˵
â֣ҵطסҳȥ䣬ϼ
ҶԲҹЩȤҪԱʥƼϵζҩϢ
ⲻҹǵ¥ĳδ̫ˣ
âֿҶ罫սǬУһڲҹй䣬ֲҹб鲼¥ĳ
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û⣬ҹұ֤ƮƮɣֲ˼񣡡
ŮĵâĴ֣һЦ˵§âĸ첲ԴһװĸŴƮŵδһӦȫ᷿С
һṦʮŰɫɴȹͿױʮĵŮӳ᷿С
ΪܹѵһһЦ¶ɬֵַı飬⣬ʺһһ촽ҩһâģ֮Ų
ǳӵԵ⣬в׵ʵʮŮӣȫӵھ磬˵ľ磬ļھâ֮ϡ
ǵ츳ʵ½ǹһ׷
ȴֻ֣ܶʵ·չ¶ԼԸкͻȣźǵĿˣʱ̢ܱϮ
ЩﶼҶϲȫɣâ˫ðؿʮŮӣʮֺ˵
ллӣݺݺϸ˵ֻâĻ깴ˡ
ҿźֵܶˣͣâ˵
Ȼâƴ֣ʮ£ʮֿεҶ磬ǵЩŮǵϲ
ǿҶ磬ʱȴĪظܵҶɢɱ⣬ŵɪɪɫɷס
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ҶʵڶЩű¶Ů᲻һ˿Ȥ뿪ˡ
ҶȥıӰâεҡҡͷǰݺݺԵߵ±ȫû׷ȥ
âЩݺݺһȫڵϷ˷ܴʱȴ֪Σ


1068 
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뿪ңɫζˮ¥ҶͻȻһ滺СϪˮ¥ҹ»ش
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ϸһᣬҶķ֣ԼԶԶƮһ˿о򵽴֮
ͻȻü٣񣬸߰ǧбڣȵ˳ĴŰҶ侳Բת֮ƸֳԺںϣŹ
УҶ翴Ӱ˷ĸµţǧԣͬ
Ҷв԰ΣԺĴ֮ԽԽĬĽʱʱί࣬ʱľʱȻֹҶڶͻȻ
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Ҷüͷһвһ˵ܸУһָоȥԼԴ֮һΣ궼
ؼʱ̣֮꣬ʧˣЩգЩɥԥҪҪѰǵ֮ˡ
ʱһɫ޳ȹͿױſ˵Ṳ̊źҹ˼վںߣͦΣ͸һ˿ӢҶ磬䲻ȵ˵ǹ֮˰ɡ
ǡ
Ҷ翴Ͳȴ˫۾͸һ˿߰ȹŮӣʵ
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ÿ죬ȥҲ죬ҶδʱһɫźŮӳľڡ
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ҶĿģȷǰڷڴ£һŲ·ҹ٣ӹɢϢǼƷ

˵ȻߵһȪˮԣ֮˹ԡ
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Ҷ˵
Ҷ硭ϸϸһҶ֣ʵ֪˴֮ؾ磿
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ȴû˵ҶԴ֮ǳԣȴ֮ܽУ֮
֮죡ӣǰЩżȻõһ׹빫ָһ
̸ָϣ̽һ¿ԣҶ΢΢һЦ

ϸ۵ָңһСϪҶļ䣬
ڻ긧ʱҶ۾Լݣγ˴Ĵ֮ƣ뻨굯ںһ𣬲˹γ˴
ܵӰ죬ž޲¶һ˿֮ɫر۾һ߸٣һߵ࣬һ߸
ŲվſڵĴǱԣʱʱˣʱʱת̬
ˣ
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Ҷͻͬʱһ˫˫õ
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ˣһЦո빫ӹһҲ˴֮
Դ֮ȷʵˣҸоȴһȱݣҶһڴ裬˵
Ը꣡۾һĵ˵
ˣô֮һ
Ҷ绺ر۾Լݣ籡Ĵ֮ƿٵؽڣѪڵ¡
ٵĴ֮뷢ڻǰ˴
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1069 ܼر
¹ˮꡣ
Ҷݴ֮УҵԼĲ㣬Ǿɱ
һ;ھдУû㹻ɱƱػˡ
лҶָ̣סˣ
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ˣ໥̸ָ̡Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
׵ã֪󣬲֪ûȤҹأȻһЦ
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꿴ҶףһЦʮִ󷽵һҡϣңºķǡ
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Ϊʲôô˵
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ΪҲ¹Ͼͻ뿪ԺҲһٻҶ΢Ц˵
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Ĵ֮ڶԺи֣໥ڣγ鶯Ĵ֮ƻϪļ䣬ݣ
ڶĸов԰ʱһҵıŮӼ
һ̣ҶͻȻ۾
ôҶӣ
͵ؾѣɫѿɢŨŨҶ磬ʵ
ѳˣҶбһĨɫ
費Ҫæ
ɫҲÿ޹ʴĸо˭Ҳˡ
СѣԼԽҶվ͸һ˿˭İ仨С㣬ǺڣԵټ
˵꣬Ҷһգ˵ٶȻڵҹɫЮâҹȥ弶ս޻ʸ֣׷ǡ
ģǺôĹھңʶĸϿңһǴңǾ壡
ֻһãһʴ廨âһһ߳ŭĴ
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֮԰âΪâĽۿܣƵĿܣ̺еĽƣ취޷ƿء
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Ҷ꾭ոյӵǿ뾡취ҲѲ׷
˴âһľɽʱҶֱ̤סǵȥ·
㲻ҪҿǣŤĲӣ
ҶɢɱѹȸУһֱ߶ϵĸоȫĺâֱâвҶ硣
ͷӻ䣬ҶлشһĻ꺣Уǿѣ֮Ӧ˳ٻ
عʱҶǰǿĵŷݺݵغϣǵķӦ˳ȥâ
ȵȣл˵
ʶҶ羪˵ʵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǻʲôԣ
Ҷָ΢΢קâžʧӣһ˿˵
֮ЮĽۿܣȥһյȡ¿ϷǣԸ·Ǹܡ
Ϊ˻˲òҶ͸¶һܡ
ȡҶɫ˵ʲô
ʲôҲ˵յеıǰʧĹܼйءͷӵ
ܼҵʵǿ𣿡ҶܼҲ˽⣬ʵ
ʱܼʢʱڣ쾳򣬶ܼ壬֪ʲôطܼӵеļر쾳Ϲۺ졣ͷӴʵ˵
ߣȥ
֪ܼҵʵҶܼұһ˿Ȥ
£յеıǷѾǧģָֻܷһͷӲͷƤ
ԣҪҶ˵ͷݿܵ˵
ãϣ¿Ҫŵԣ
ʶҶǿƣҲ֪Լ޷Ҷģûжѿ࣬ͽٺֵâǰǴյء


1070 ⱦ
Ҷһ˾ʱ·ɵһƬźɫʯ¶ȼߣûֲɽС
šøߵ¶ȣνǴյ𣿡ǰӣȵĻҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ţǶ෽ܼҵر˵ߣӽǰһɽУҪõɽҽ֮вСͷӵ˵ͷ˵ǻɽҽ¶ȼߣԽһս޻ʸճɻҽƲѣǲ뵽ӣĽۿȡļƻ
ģӣ֪ӵʱôཿεСǾͲٵȵȣ湻ٰңһ˲ҹ𣿡âðɵ

˼ӣ¶ǵĴ´һע⣡
ܻǳ嶯âЩˣϵ
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ηҶʵֻı֤
ǲҪΪ¾ôˣҪǱŵòˣҷһţâĥ˵

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ģǿ˵ܼرܼҾô
Žۿܻһصĺɫ飬һѲƣ쳣ذףһȱڣ̻ƵĳֿŽۿܵˣâðɣ
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飬ذף
Ҷ翴ŽۿܻеԸӦ
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ʱҶҲһֱϷˣĸо
תһ룬ַԼ뷨
ֻֵúðôգԾâϣҶҲûɥʧ֮ɫ
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ͷӿҶüͷ΢΢һЦ󷽵˵
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Ҷ˵ͷߵ˽ۿԣһһһ߿ԸӦʵһ߶Ϥ˵ı顣
ҶΪͨשͷһĺɫʱԵĸоɫЩн
ȻǶɫʮֿء
֪ܼرҾͲˣҶ˵ˣҾҪɫ飬ɡ
Ҷѡ˵ȼ͵ĺɫ飬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷЦ˵繫ӲٿˣУֻйеƷ
ɫ黹˳ۣˣ
˵ı飬Ҷ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬ɫӦܡ
ܵõ˷繫ӣӣͷӺˬ˵ɣҶӽңҶһƷ

Ҷҡҡͷ˵˲ĵĿע£ɫսǬС
â֣߰ɣ
˵꣬ҶˮֵâҪ뿪
ͻȻһɫۣĿߴȫɢǿѹȸУںڳ裬ֳһؽӳˣסҶˡ


1071 ħƹ
ս޻ʣ
ŻԽԽǿĺӣҶͫײɵΣյ״
ոĿϢʱ͸оڰĺӣҲҶΪͨıԭ
Сӣұɱ㣬ʵ̧̫֪ˡɢɽѹȸУؿҶ磬ɭȻ˵ֻֽȪ
ûаɱҰɣҶЦһԸµԸʮİճǣڰ˷ô๦Ϳ𣿡
Сӣ˵ʵȷʵΪУǺɫҺҪҶ£Ӳ˵ɣһƷеĺɫô
ôɫļֵôߣҶЦһҸˡ
СӣҳʵǿһֶɱģȰ㻹Ǵһ㣬ҪΪ޹ɫ˵һֻСɽһСӰֳ壬Ҷ˻
Ҫ˵ϻˣҪսսɣ
ҶƷȼشʮķ컭ꪣָɫѿĺӣԵƥ˵
úúãȻҾͳȫ㣡
ӿ÷컭ָԼҶ磬ȫŭˣ񱩵ڽ壬ֳƷȼؽնҶ硣
ת䣡
ҶѨϵڵĳˮӿ˷컭УŻеĹƣһӭȥ
أ
رײһ𣬱µâǿķ֮羪κһϯ
һ֮Ҷ˵ֳַ컭͵նͬ£ӵ֮ĺӼҵɱ
˼սɵƻ£ռԶ½ȶͼ̣֮޷˺ѿռ䣬ֻڻҵĿռγ˵ۡ
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Ҷսӵ󣬼ɱһᣬԼ޷ɱҶ磬Ҷ͵Ĺƣ˲ȼǿѪ֮֮壬ʵ
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κӡǼƷʥԶԶ󣬺ţƸֵסӡ
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ǱܿʱֻǰһҶĳǰ컭ꪺݺݵϣµĹֱƿһҷ˳ȥ
ĿúӱҶһҷɵһĻվԶɫ䣬ӲҶ磬ǵȴǵĿ»
ħƣѰɣ
ѸڵԼѪΪһֹϵ·Ѫܵؿڴ㼯һħʵ
ħƣħƹȵˡ
źؿγɵħâµݡ
û뵽ľ磬ܱƳĵƣҲ԰ˣ
ײеһħ͵ںһҶ緢͵ĹصĽâֲܼ׽ȫҶ硣
̸ǲ̫ˣ
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ƥӿҶ壬߸߾컭ꪣ裬һħӰգݿźӵĹ
ǿĵҶԳʱ㼯ںؿڵħ·һ㣬ڽеؽС
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䣡
رײһ𣬼йƻղϵز
ħƵɽϮĻٿغţϮȥҪƽҶش
֮
ԼݣںһһĹ켣Ҷĺ纣ХֱӺ˺ţƣɫĺϣһ˳ȥ
Ѫ˳߿˳
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ʶҶ羪׵սӿ־ˡ
֪ҵݣ
Ҷ粻һ˿˵ֳַ컭ꪷӹȥ
Ҫƻɱ֮شĺʱҶĸ֪ͻȻ쳣͵ػ
һɲǣһģȰӰǰ
Ӱ˲䣬ҶͻȻоڻеöǬָˡ


1072 ܼ
ߣ
оöǬָɣҶüͷһƣˣһ۳ץԶȥģӰӡ
ۿֽץסٷɳ۵ģӰлζһ£ûٶȲӰֵܿĹ
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Ҷ̤ٵرƽµĴ֮籡ͣ羪κһǵģӰӡ
⵽Ҷ緢Ĵ֮ٷɳ۵Ӱһ£δٶȣգ֮ʧҶǰ
ÿٶȣ½ȻԻ˱
ŵԼöǬָģӰǰʧҶҲɵ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ҶĶԼǺɫ鶼ǬУߵǼöǬָֻһЩ꾧ԶʧǼöǬָҶ粢ûжʧ
ߣ
Ҷ׷ǵģӰʱ˼صĺӲҾôѸٻһҲ·ʮɳİɫۣԦҪߡ
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ҶѸ۷еͼ壬һֻд󣬸ץۣҪץסۣסӵˣʺɫܡ
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һ̣Ҳ۱˵ٶȣڻҵмٷУҶʧ
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ĿʧеۣҶüͷԼҪʶ磬ʶĸˡ
Ǹ֪öǬָˣֶξ˵ĺӣԭģۣһμ
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۵ļֵȹŵҲûмң۵ļ۸ǹףûв´ƿصۣӦħƹġâ˵
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Ҷٶȼ۲ŨȤӵһңɴʡٶȣ֮ܽԽһЩյء
ħƹȵʵǿǹųƺħʣһؾ֣Ҳâ֪ħƹȵȫҶ硣
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οԻЩϹ֣һЩΪ֪ľֶΣЩֶвҶ
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Ҷûô׼һطоŴܵĺɫ顣
âƬ鲼ɽ¶ȼߵʱҶͫ΢һƬïʢĹľ⣬һɫӰ
ǸǸո֪ڻöǬָˡ
ºõɫҵĶҡ
ŸӲߣ΢΢ЩݣòΣ۾ԣڻɫеӣҶɫת˵
ԣ̽ӵľʱȴ¶һ˿֮ɫ
֣ӾһŽⲻ׽Զ޷׼ȷȷʵ硣
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ʲôף
Ҷ簵еǬʱ׼Уܡ
Ұ⿪ǺɫܣȻһͬȥȡӵ˵
ûȤҶҡҡͷһڻؾ
ȰòҪžܾңûңǽⲻǺɫܵģҿϵĶûߵġŵ˵
вңҶЦһܲɣµľв
˵ţҶлγ˿µѣ֮ٶȼĺĻ꺣ֱӹꡣ
ڻ⵽ѣʱʮǬ֮Ҷ壬ѸǬҪڽ֮С
ҶĹνʮͻȻӵķӦٶȸ죬Ҷγɵѣ֮ǶӰ졣
Ǭס΢΢һΣʧҶǰȰٶҶ̾ΪֹԾѡ
ҪֺοͱأӳڰУɫ̹Ȼ˵ҿȷĸ㣬ҺԵòصܡ
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ҶЦ˵ǲâǰı¶ƣҶͽޣǬٻˡ
ҿȸ͸¶ϢǺɫصǰͻȻʧܼйءӻ˵Ҳ˵ںɫҵַܼԿףַܼ쳣ֻҴ㣬пȡַܼеı
ܼң
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Ĭ
ҶԼʵȽţԺˣ
âߣ
˵꣬Ҷûκεˮâ뿪ˡ


1073 һɽһɽ
ɫ鵽ʲôأ
ص˲ҹסҶٻһ漫Ʒ죬ӡ䣬ɫǬȡ˳ԵС
Ҷ罫Ƶޣһ͸ʱܶȼ˽Ƶ
ÿµĽƣеĽƣ³쾳֡
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ΪɫѰַܼĵͼȴû뵽޵ͼֻСŹ顣
ˣ
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ʲô׷ˣâһ۵Һͷ糾һʣɡ㣬ôôȢôƯĸš
󡭡ǲûۣâ۾һɣܻ˵ǳںҿǼҵ˧

ˡ׾ûӵСʱ׹
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˵ƣλˣ⻰ˡâŭߵĸ绨ǰ˵˺;һҪƷζλǵļˡ
˵ţ찤ˣܽĵطһ·Ҫϵζ뵽壬ǵŮɫ󣬽Ρ
ӣأ
â޺ߵ˵
뵣ģһ԰ҡҡͷζ˵һڽϣиſңͻȻ񷢷һ޴Уߺ˰ʮ꣬ôʶңĺˡ

̫̫
쵱Լ棬ϷԼ檣âеܴ裬ζըˣٻ˽ۿܣҪѵ
죬ҪˣűâƤҪ죬ҶĸеˣؾȥǺȡ
ðɺðɣƲƲ죬˵Ķʻţˡ
ɱ㣡
âʧȥǣһȭ졣
ٶ̫죬٬ĹһâƯһ檰۵°ͣ΢΢һܿâĹصҶߡ
˵ƶٶȣҶ綼̾Ϊֹѡ
â֣Ҫڸ㿪ЦҶ翴ĿҪѪâ˵ˣڣౣأ
âĿ⺬ˮĵģҶ粻ٴȥ
ٴһᣬâĸỬС檻ˣһ仰뿪ˡ


1074 ܼ
Ϧ޺ãֻǽƻ衣
Ҷ̤Ϧ뿪ҹʱٻӰϦڳ⡣
Ҷӣ׼𣿡
ɫȹʵţ۾ˮӯӯ⵴ĻѾߴͬ£
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ȻһЦףʵ
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۾һɣ¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫ
ҶĽܣ΢΢һЦٿǬָóһö˵ϲһ׹͸ҶӣϣԹ
׵ã֪󡣡Ҷ΢΢һЦҲ͹ϣ£
Ȼ츳ɱ㣬Ҷ罫ɲ޹ھԼһ֮͸
ллһЦûвɢϯҶӣǺˣ´μ棬ڴϥ̸״֮
˵꣬һֻʮ㣬չʮ׵ɺ״ŻŮƮƮԶȥ
ˣ˼Ҷˣ
쿴ԶҶ磬ƲƲ˵
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ĬУǶûʼԷݱǽԷΪ֪
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۸ոʻƬյأֻУײе߹
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еޣʱԶϹѪʵ£޵Ǽͣѱѱ
ΪϹѪԵʣټ࣬ںϣ۸ԶԶͬȼ
⵽ֻ͹м۵ٶȲײȥµײֱӽֻϹѪײˣѪܣֵ׹档

Ҷ۾һ۵֣Ҫץߡ
ͻȻΧĿռ˵
һ̣ͻȻʧˡ
㣬㵽ôģ
ĳϣҶͫ΢¶һ˿֮ɫ
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ɫϣҶ絭˵
ܣѽһ飬ûкɫ飡ʮ̹Ȼ˵
ҲûУҶ绺˵ˣѾ˵ˣңθȡġ
ôһץܼ򵥡¶һ˿ζЦݣȻ˵
׽۾еĽ֮ɫҶҡҡͷûм׷ȥϥϣ͸Ĺڤ
ô֮ݻɹڤڤԳΪһɱﵣ꣬ɱΡ
յ֮ϷһʱһǿҰݴһоĻɽ⡣
ˣַܼӦþɽ֮УɽռʮֵĴΣգҪҵַܼҪ̺ɫеĶ
վ֮ϣǰŨŨУʮֻɽ
ɽеĿռô˵ĴҶջͷŵĻɫصʵ
ܼйأ
·֪ܼܶ˵
֪ܼŵԭ򣡡ҶüͷһƣԾʵ
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ʶĪ͵£Ҷȷʵûаձסǿ飬οʹİ취
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Ըңܼŵԭ˰ɣҶ絭ʵ
ܼңǱŸĨɱġָָ񷣬ʯ쾪


1075 ͵ؾĹ
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֪ܼұŵ࣬Ҷһַ˼ĸоɵʵ
˵ʱܼ쾳ͼ˺ţȴ֪ΪΣͻȻɱʢһʱܼĨɱˡ͸¶һ֮ա
ܼ崫аɡҶüͷ΢΢һ˼һʵ
ţܼ崫У˵ͷ˵
ܼߵǻЩƣ˺ʱпܵĹҲпܣҶ½ţʹ޷򡣡
ͨǻʵҶµܼŵ࣬岻ܵͬʱҲе˳صѹ
ĴҲãҪ˳˺ţ򣬱ҪʥƼϵƶ½һҵ³»һҡҶĬ
Ҷ˼֮ʣ첻֪ʹ˺ַ⿪˺ɫǿŹڵĽƣһɫĹڹҫſռ䡣
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ѪΪע뵽˰ɫУȫ˰ɫ˻ݼţ쳣ҵɽС
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ȻаɫָҶڻɽл˲С鷳һĿռѺۺ׵ĳ֣ϢҪԴĶɱɡ
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׽һŵ⣬ҶԥӰзԾԾһտĵ¿ռС
ҵˣҵˣ
ó¹ʯͷռȫòڿտʯϣ̻ŴͼڹŻЩŻϢǰʢһʱ˼ֵܼҵַ
߰ɣȥѰܼر찴಻ס˷ܣ۾ðǾˡ
죬ȷܼرûбŻٵҶʵ
Ҷ෽飬ܼر֮ûбֱӻУرӲټܼҽر
һ߿ưɫзУһֳһɫȣģڵô򣬻˵
ϣܼرҪʧҶûٶ죬صַܼȥ
Ȼַܼ⵽ŹأǱ˲̾ΪֹĽǽ֣̺Ŵ֮ǽҶ粻ϵפۿ
˸ɢŰ׹⣬ڿռлƯĹ飬ַܼƶһʱһĳʱһʮ׸ߣѺۣǶţͷͭš
ǺƿţͷͭʱһëȻͭ˳֮ǿҶȫĺëֱ


1076 ƭ

Ҷתһɻɢţͷͭڵռ䣬૵
֪ܼ˶ˡ쿴ɫصҶ磬һСֵģ˵ܼҵʱʢһʱܼЩУǿߣô֣źɱܵԹС𣿡
߰ɣǽȥ˴֣Ȳ˵
˵꣬ڰеİɫץУ̧߽ţͷͭС
ˣ
߽ԹͭʱһǿĽͻȻγɣ羪κһ㣬ϯſռ졣
Ȼƶٶȼ죬ܿռƣ㲻ͻĽ֮ݺݵغ壬Ӻɫռк˳Ҷ硣
ʧصײҶ籾ֽܵץ˻С
ͻȻҶץסһ˵죬㹻׳ģؼô󡣡

øɾѪѿҶ磬һۣ˵Ҿ׳ôˣʰһȭܴһͷţ֪𣿡
˵꣬첻Ҷ磬Ǭָóһ׼ϣóһСƿѪЩѪ뵽С
Ȼóһ¯㣬ڷͭſڣȡĻֽ
һգһдʵ߶ţܼҵڣܼҲФҵַݼڣ濪ƣòФƽȥݡ
ܼҵ
һϣ·ԶŵͻȻڵĿռ𣬿µռ˵
ţ֤Ѫ֪û˵ˣͻȻڵϣһϵ˵
ã
һĻںɫռһϸߣע뵽У̣ûκεķϵعڵϣɻ˿塣
ȷʵܼҵѪѪЩϡһ˿ʧʱϵٴ𣺡Ҳпԭܼˣɣ
лл档źɫռͷ˵棬ҵҪ֪ܴ𣿡
ɣ
ɵˣߣסһҪ˵ŭЩܼ꣬ҶΣգŤͷȥҶգ۾
ֶ̫ˣ
Ҷû뵽쾹а취ƭܼ꣬ʵܼѪӦոѪҺйϵ
Ҷ߽ڿռʱͻȻռг˻ҰĹâҶ翴ռĿ
¹Ժܼڵ޽һԺ
ǰ͸Źϲɣ֮ԺҶ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
Ҫ׵ĵ£ôһԺҪĲļˣҪʵɽʵȻĵ£ھôĿռ䣬ͷһ
ǰԺأԺгһ׵ľ޿ӣԺиһݶûˡ
Сҵˡ
һϵٵƮб⣬Ҷ죬Ҫǿ
ÿµ꣡
ֵ˲䣬Ҷʵеһ˿ΣյϢҼݵԣڲУоϢ
Ȼ֮ԿֲӦں˴ܼ˵꣬ںһ
棬ܼң̫үүһֱһԸǳܼλ꣬λ԰ϢΪԸǼ˶ϰ𷨣ѰַܼǼѵ粻֮࣬ı
ѻƪ֮ʣһӳ壬γһ֣з𷨸ζ
֪̫үү˭
ΪѪԵʣ겢ûжɣʵ
̫үүܺԶ칧˵
ܼҹȻ˻ˣܼҵĸûжϣ
ʱһǿˡ
Ȼ궼ûܺԶ֣ܼҵҴҵڶֱ࣬ȷʵǸı֣ǶĻŲɡ
߰ɣҴȥݼܼҵڡ
͸һ˿ͣ˵ٻصܼլȥ
ȵȣܼҺ󱲣ýܼլ
ҶܼլȥʱƮĲһۣ˵
棬ˣҵæһͬȥλɡϿҵ˵
쾹ȻΪԼ˵Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ᵽһ˿ѰϢȻʶʱ䲻֪թÿ仰ÿ¶Ʊˡ
ҶܼرȤ̶ܴѨҲҪһ
ðɣȻû⣬һҽɣ
˵꣬Ҷ죬߽˻ļѾõܼլ
Ƕ˿ԽܼլºۼصԺʱǰͻȻ˼ؾ
Ҷ緢֣Լ뵽һĿռС
ռУž峤ףͷһǣͷſ


1077 
ѵǾͼеĿռ䣬ͼǿռ䱦
аľҶüͷһ£µƬռԾͼŨȤ
ʶֶΣ֪Ҫж߾ͼס
οܼҾþòɢʵɸҶᱦ˼Ѷȡ
棬ܼر֮һľͼռɡܵĻȵʵ
ڵĵطܼҴа֮ͼռ䡣˵ͷ˵Ǿͼס˼꣬ͻɢˡ
ѵ˵ʼ滹ڣһϲʵ
ͼռȽ⣬ûǲɢ̫أֻʣһƲл꣬һֱڳ˯˵
ʼ潫λھͼУǲͼλʵ
û뵽㻹ʶ˵ͷ˵꽫ǻռͼУ׳꣬һḴǣ̫̫ѣأ꣬δ
ܼôǣҶ絹һѶп֮
˵֮ʣܼˣҶŰΧм䣬·ܼҺ󱲣һһЩ֮񣬲ܼĺøС
λ棬֪ɷݼʼ˼ңһһʵ
ܼҺ󱲣ʸݼܼҵˣֻȴʵΪǿ󣬿˾ֵĲĿǵؿһҶ磬˵
ã
ҶҲûǿʮʹشӦΧһµ꣬ϥ˵ϣͼ
߰ɣ
쿴һϥҶ磬۾͸һ˿֮ɫΪǿĲ꣬˾ͼһľɣµƣʮֺصĹŹס
ܼҺҵݣ֪ɷԸһǿܼ깧վľŹԣŹŹؾʵ
꣡
䣬͸ŵĹŹӿһǿ֮ƶźصĹ׸ǻش򿪣һϵ껺Ʈ˳
Ȼܼʼ汻ɱʣǰƲл꣬ƲлɢϢȻ£ƯУһƬأޱߣ˲Ĥ֮ġ
ܼҺ󱲣
ϵۣݣɽоܼʼĿ͸Ѫ⣬УҪ
̫үүܺԶܼˣܼҵѪϵع˵ϣܼʼͷ
ȷʵܼѪ̫ϡˣܼѪܼ֮ʼջĿ⣬ƹİ˵
Ȼûм̳ܼ޵Ѫһ׷ϴģ۶裬ΣգֻҪһ˿ȥȥ֤һܼҵ֮Ի͡׵ץסܼʼɵ˵
ģʵѵáܼʼ˵ͷ˵ɣ˼⣬𣿡
ܼررܼ֮Σɱˣܼҵ۷硣
粻ֱ֮࣬һ£ƭܼʼˡ
ܼ⵽ˣܼʼüͷ΢΢һ壬ֱѪ⣬·ܽն
ţΪһܼħƹȽ񣬵˭뵽ħƹȲʵǿã۸ǣǱøħƹȣ˭뵽ĿĲܼҵõǼַܼ
˼ݵſڱ޷죬˺⡣
ħƹȣû뵽ǵСҲҴܼҵ⣬ܼˣܼʼδ˵ʵµĲӻˣŭ˵
СҿԽ޷㣬ͨԽţǶɹΣͼͬСɣһƱѪȷ磬֪ͼܼң˵ǻǸܼʼ˵
ܵõ޷ͨԽţƽѾˣһ˵
С޷ͨԽȻͼ󣬵ȻϹҪãܼʼĶ
ƽףһġ˵ͷ֤
С㣬Ǹ˵ʲôɿ𣿡Щĵʵ
⡭ԥһ˵ҵæȽأҪܼһر
Ȼ⡣컰䣬ʱŭˣܼرһ˵õ
˱ܼʼ˵ͷȻǽް֮գɱ֮
רĴɣɱ˵񽻸ˣѷɣɭȻ˵
ȥɣܼʼ˵ͷ
£ҶΪܼҵĹС


1078 ŷٻ
ʥͼӦһƷʥշͼĹؼϾֻֻշͼ
ݣҶ綴Ϥ˾ͼܣϾֻʮֿ£ҪշѶȲС
˼շֻİ취ʱʵ˾Ĳˣܼ꽫ҶŰΧˡ
С㵨ӲСͼıܼرĿǵؿҶ磬ɱ˵
˵İɣݣ
Ҷ۾ƽ˵뵽첻ǲŲ
ߣܼҵѪм٣һȫ϶ܼҵˡ
ظõһСƿܼҵӵѪҺʱѪҺУ᲻ӵܼѪļ󣡡Ҷ绺˵Ȱǻǲ۾ΪãҪƭĿ
ߣˡɫ΢΢һ䣬øӵı䣺ֻҪ֪ֻ·һ
˵ţ걬ӳ˻ҰĿռ䣬һֻץɽ͵ĴִץҶ磬Ҫץ顣
Ѫȼգ
껯ץҶԥȼѪǿ֮ڽ壬ϴһ죬ƶʵڽ
ӡ
Ҷ˫ֿٵؽӡںϵϲ֮ںϣγһöɫ·̺ӡԲһ̬֡
ǣ
󹥻ײɵĿֲϯأ춯صıըͼռ䡣
ҶԳУֺӡͬʱ˹ѣѺ۵ӣӡȻ䱬ˡ
û뵽ļս޻ʾʵҵĹ⡣ͫһɭȻ˵ܼҾףͨ챾£Ҳı䲻ˡ
˵ţؿڴһڶǿžͼӿڽ壬һʵ

걩һн֯˴ĵƣɽӱ֮ƣӿҶ磬µƲſռ䶼
콣
Ҷû㣬һ콣Ӷ
յ콣ʱһɳĽ籡һգ⽻֯µĽɨ죬ܵС
ͣ
꽻֯Ĵ֮ƱҶһƿµĽâ˲꣬Ҫ
֮
ؼʱ̣ٻһյֵֻ֮סҶ⾪һ
ȸŷǣѹ
ֻĿ¶׹⣬ϮʱҶٻŵ֮ѹ˾ͼеһֻ
⵽ŵѹͼ֮һŭϵŤӴŵӦǽײˡ
ľ
ŵ֮ʣɢŻ֮ĻľɳҶ壬ҡҷɫڣݺݵس
໣
⵽ľ֮һͻȻʹڻľеǵνѪͻȻֳӳŽ⣬ƽУգ֮佫ѹˡ
ͻһĻ˲꣬Ҷ¶˾֮ɫ
Ѫ
ݵĳԾҶҧָһξѪע뵽ֻѪѹУ׽ˡ
㣬㵽ôģ
ͻȻ֮һʧȥϵò¶˲˼֮ɫ
޷󣬽ļս޻ʾҶ磬ȻѴ֮շһ֮顣
Ҷûʣ̤գҪǵصĽѪһһշʣµİ֮飬õףԳɿռƷʥ
ŷٻסǧҪ֮飡
ҶգĲˣܼвһµĴҶ翿֮ǰС
Ⱦָͼߣɱ⣡ɱȻŷٻ󿪣ꡣ
ǧǿܼ겻ϧȼջ£ǧ˿Ƶŷٻˣǧ˷ӿĹеҶ硣
ܼҲǵ֮һֶιȻ£
ܵŷٻĿ£ҶᵽŨŨвԥ뵽Ǭж
䣡
ҶǬ˲䣬ռ뵽֮Уµϯռ䣬µռȻ޹⡣
֮ǿҪ˵Ҷ磬˾Ϲ֣Ҳֵס̼ᱻ䱬
κǬĴڸӵǿΡȻسŷٻĹһ˿Ӱ졣
أôʧˣ
оҶͻȻʧŷٻĲ¶˲˼֮ɫæѰңеǬĴڡ
ռ䱦Ҳпռ䱦
Ǭ겻ϧ۵ļȼ꣬ٿŷٻ󹥻ƱҪǬ飬ɱҶ硣
Ǭŷٻ޷ƿķ
أصĲģŷٻ½
ڲﻢ£֧ŲסŷٻʱҶͻȻ뿪ǬֳںϽĵ콣һӿգŷٻ
һ£Ϊ½ŷٻǱһ˺ˡ


1079 ڰ׹˿
أ
ҶںϽ꣬ʩչһֽն£ŷٻƣܼ̼仯Ϊ˷ɻңɢС
һƵŷٻҶûʹɱ֣ǳò˵Ļᣬ˾յİ֮飬ľеǵؽѪһһշ
ɶСݵȾָ֮飡
ĿҶ׾շһֻ֮һĻ꺦ˣˣȫ
ܼҴľͼô˶ˡ
磬Ǭٳ
꿿֮ʣҶ罫޺Ǭٻ˳˷Ĳꡣ
໣
һµһϢĳӣݺݵغڲϣĻ岼Ѻۣڽڰˡ
ɶǵʲôˣ
Ż޺ǬʵԶԶԼе̬ԣʵ
˭Ҫ㣬˲˹ĹӲд˼𣿲үүֻذɡƦʮ˵
ܼŷٻУ
ȻأʱѾ˲̫ˣѸٸܼٲŷٻҪ֮Ǭꡣ
ͭŹףҴ򣡡
ܼȼջ岼ʱޱ仯Ϊµս̬ƴͭŹףڽ̤˹Źף˿۵ŷٻ󣬲Ļᡣ
ǬҲʱٻ˹ŵӡ۳֮ͼ͵ĹŲŷٻܼĻ塣
ڻޣǬԵŷٻ֮ʣҶ̤˰ŭ֮顣
ľѹ
֮ܿ鷢Ļ𹥻ʱҶٻ˻ľƻľһ֮顣
ˣ
ľɫڻֻ֮ʱǵصѪҺӳɫѪ֮⣬ע뵽֮У׾ٽѹˡ
Сݵò񣡡
ҶԵڶ֮ѪʱͨԽŵܼʼסˣŭһЯžڰУҶɱ
ͼܼʼƿصʥ£ʣµ֮鱬ŤӴҶϮ

оֱ֮Ҷɫ΢䣬̤ڰתŲƣŹ
ߣɣܾˣеһУϵıﶼҵģ
ոյõͨԽŵ쿴лսҶ磬ܼʼˣ¶һ˿֮ɫʼѰܼʼƷʥ޷ĵط

ǿ̺ʽ£ľʯв˹޷۾˸ŵ⣬ѸٵĿľײģǶعײеĹ޷
СԹԵ
ľײеĽƣһ֮⣬·һؿռ䣬ֱӴ͸ƣץ˹޷
ץס޷˲䣬ٿߴ֮鹥ܼʼоˣɫ΢һЦ죬һϵĸо
ɶСˣ
ܼʼһһĶãƹ޷
СҪˣûõģԹԴҰɣ
һֻǣ۾ð⣬һص׾ж˹޷ܼʼ֮ϵշˡ
ʲô
о޷ԼʧȥϵܼʼˣŽ췢һĻ
˵ʲô
ܼʼɱ죬֪ܻɱҶ硢ˣܼ֮ҪˣͼļƻҲҷ
ҪǶ
ܼʼŭһͷͻȻѿˣðһһ㣬ڰ׽Ĺ˿
˿ֵ˲䣬Ҷĸ֪Σգ붼û룬ؽǬС
ˣ
ڰ֮ӳ䣬µֱ˺˼ޱȵĿռ䣬ҶոڵĿռ䶴һȱڡ
ʲô
Ŀܼʼ涴ռһĻӲϵЦӲϣ⡣
ܼʼ涯öͷϵĺڰ׹˿ɱ޺ǬʱҶ缰ʱսǬУ档
죬ùǣֻ֮ٴű뿪ϣ
һ̣ҶͻȻֱӽ˾·
ġ
Ҷ񱻲ȵβ͵СҰèţƿڴ
û뵽һԼгһձˡ
ǹȻһģ
оڵѪ֮ʧܼʼ֪Լƭˣ֮ɱ
ŭĲҲŷٻ󹥻죬Ʊؽɱع޷
糾ҵţҲŹģ
⵽ܼʼ͵ĹˣʩչֶνܣȫѪһ˸߹һ˵Ļþҷ
죬ѷɣ
ܼʼˣܵĻᣬȫ˾ͼռ䣬Ͽƶͷϵĺڰ׹˿ΪǱ
ʱǬеҶȴ¶Цݣڵȴȴѵʱѹ֮飬ȡͼ


1080 Դ֮
ǧӰݣ
ǵصĹʩչͨ˲ûĲӰڻҵתŲƣ㡣
ŷٻ󣬱
ʶĪٶȣܼ뵽ŭУǲϧ۵ŷٻ󣬱ʯأռ䶼ֲƿ
Хķ籩УûһӰϵط飬Ǳϯ棬һظ߹һصĻ𹥻
ɣ
һҶۣ籩мٴʱܼʼͻȻǰϧ۵ٴѿ˶ͷĺڰ׹˿͸ſռ䣬죬ƱҪɱع޷סͨԽھ
ݣ
ԼϮĺڰ׹˿ž޴ѹƲϼص첻û㣬ӭȥ
ۿƻǿĺڰ׹˿壬ͻȻ뵽һصĹ켣УʧУԽϮĺڰ׹˿ھͼڴ
ʲô
Ŀ촩Խڰ׹˿һĻܼʼˡ
꣬ͨδţûм
ʩչݴԽڰ׹˿ٶȲѹرյľͼռʧڻҵľͼռС
ʩչͨԽͼռʱҶ뿪Ǭƻľһֻ֮飬ؽѪ֮ٴνѹˡ
ɣ
׷ɱʧܣܼʼ潫һǻŭйҶ磬Ҫɱѹ֮Ļᡣ
ܼԱŷٻأѾٽˣʹҶѹᡣ
磬Ǭٳң
ҶһޣǬǬٻ˳һ𹥻ʵµܼʼ档
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ڰ׹˿Ȼ죬ܼʼ棬ÿζãĻҲ⶯ãֻ֮ܵ鹥Ҷ硣
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ɱڵ֮Ҷٻ˻ľһֻµ֮飬ؽѪֳɹѹһֻ֮飬ܼʼĹ
⣬ôܣʲô׾ٵѹ֮顣
Ϊͼˣܼʼ֪֮Ŀ£˾Ҫշһֻѣļս޻ʾҶ磬ȴܲѴ֮жԼ֮֮ϵѹշԾľ
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ܼʼ֮ʣſ˴죬Ļ֮ͬϴ಻Ϯ
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ܼʼܻйʱϳʥ׷Ҷ壬ٵؽڣγһ׹ܼʼ棬ҪС
Ŀǣϳʥ׻ﵽʥ׵ˮ׼ܼʼǿᶼױУòѿͷúڰ׹˿ǿи
磬֪Ǻڰ׹˿ʲô
ʶڰ׹˿пϳʥ׵һĻҶ粻ЩԾѯӵдмĻޡ
Ҳ֪Ҵδһָоڰ׹˿³˴֮ҡҡͷ˵
Խ֮ѵǱԴ
ѣҶͻȻ뵽ںԲּʱ֪֮ǿһڴ֮֮ϣǾһʵıԴ
ܼʼͼѵƱԴ
ҶͻȻµܼʼܣҲͨΪʲôܼʼ汻źɱΪûлҷ𣬻һУַܼͼ
׾Ż
ܼʼƿϳʥ֮ʣǬ۳֮ͼͼ֮ʩչͨһˮͰִƿϮ£һֻֻ˻еĴߣܼʼ塣
֮飬
ܼʼһ֮鼱ٷܼʼǰŤֵס׾Ż
ʱֳͭŹڽ֮ʹܼʼ˼ѹĻ
ڤ
ܼʼȫֵǬͻ޹ʱҶγ˴Ĵ֮ƣݻŻǰϹ
ʱ峺ڤݴ֮в԰Ρ
ܼʼҶԴ֮ݻĹڤܵӰ죬һ߹ĸо½
һ̣ڤͻȻü٣͸Žɱ⣬ݺݵشܼ̽ʼĻУӲǿĻ˵Ѻۡ
ɽ壡
ץסܼʼ⵽ڤ˵Ļᣬ޸߸ԾɹһΡĸɽݺݵϣֱӽӰ˵档

ܼʼ汻شܼ겻Ƶķ˹ϧ۵ŷٻ󣬻סصܼʼ棬׼Ҷ˾һ


1081 ֮
ڣܺú̸һ̸𣿡
ܼʼŷٻҶûгֹǿ󣬵˵
ӣʰǵġ
һܼŭҶ磬޲ó⣬Ѫ
ȲҪ˵ŷٻԽԽǿܼҪƴҶ粢£˵ҵȷʵΪܼرû뵽δɢֱƣͼڱصãǿϽͼͨԽţԼƱԴ֮͸ңҿԴӦܼ¡
㵽ʲôˣ
ҶἰԴܼʼͫ΢ĿؿҶ磬·Ҫ
û뵽Ҷ羹ȻԼܡ
ʲô˲ҪҪʵûѡ񣡡Ҷ°˵ֻʱ⣬ҪշͼʵҲѡ
Ҫϵܰɡܼʼӻ
ȷʵԱıԴ֮ȤԸҶ˵ͷʮ̹Ȼ˵
ߣʵΪܼʲô£ƿŷٻĲһ˵
ֻҪΥĵ£Ҿһʱ޷֤Ҷ绺˵͸ޱǿš
ôĿΪ˭ʣļ
ôǾûּۻ𣿾սףʵҲһģҳ޷õͨԽ⣬ȻܵõҸȤر
Уʲô˶ʸǷģξǿǰɡ
˵꣬Ҷ羲Ưڰеȴܼʼѡ˼εõƱԴ
Ҫ͸ո˶ƭӣƭܼҵһУǵ꿴˼еܼʼ棬˵
ѡǰܸܲң㵽˭޷ܼرƽ޹ʵ͸һİˡܼʼ΢΢̧ͷ۾бĿѪ⣬עҶ
Ҹ磬ǻʰͽܣҴ˴ν磬׼ؽ嶥СҶ绺˵
ǻʡؽ嶥У
Ϊǰ۷ܼʼǻʵĴ֪Լһкΰ־ǻԼһ˺ʱ⡣
ʲô֤֤ǻʰͽܣܼʼ˼һ£ʵ
ǻ𣿡
Ҷ罫ǻʷǻ˳˵
С֪ؽ嶥еѶȣʷУ޷ȱҪ嶥УԿ崫Уʧˡ
ܼʼ濴һҶеǻже˵
֪ҲҶ˵ͷ˵
СȻҲ֪뷨ͷֵ壬پޣ죬Ҳ޷ҡĸܼʼ˵ࡣ
Ϊҡ͵ڴŭ죬ħ棬ǵı𣿡Ҷͨǻʣ֪˺ܶභ½˵
û뵽֪黹٣ܼʼЩ˵
ǰҵġҶ˵
񡭡ʶǰ
Ҷἰ֣ܼʼˣ˼Ҷ
ţ޴½ʱżǰǰ£Ѿ޴½ĴУҶ˵ͷò
޴½ĴУܼʼ浹һ
ڻһݣ֮Ҷ˵ͷ˵
漣漣ǰ޴½崫Уѵ𣿡ܼʼ뵽˼С
СȻҲ֪˵Ļм棬мּ٣ո˵ûȷʵûѡȨܼʼһҿԽͼͨԽŸ㣬շҵõԴҲɽ͸㡣
ŵ±Ҫɣұģ
ԣ
ܼʼЭҶ¶˵ЦݣʹشӦ
֮Ա¶ôܣΪܼʼڶͷԴǿᣬܼʼƵпƱԴʱԼʧȥĻԵ
һΪܼұ𣡵ڶҵܼѪǽһԵгһ罨嶥Уϣܼ𡣡ܼʼ
֪ĳǡҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ԥһ£ʵ
壬ֻҪ˶½崫УΪңΪܼұˣ
ǰѵƿ֣֮Ҷüͷһʵ
ţҶ½ǱģҲܷˣܼʼ˵ͷ˵񣬶½ֻܽרԪ
ܷˣҶˣû뵽̬˵ء
ͲҪˣǰȷʵؽĿܣܼʼ滺˵ˣѾˣǷӦ
ãҴӦˣҶһ֣ص˵ʱ޷Լ
Ҳ޶ʱ䣬ֻҪܼʼҡҡͷİɣֻҪԣҪҶ㣡
Ȼܼʼ޷ɣҶĿĲͻԥԡ
ϣܳɹܼҿٴˣ
˵ţܼʼ治ϧ۵˺ԼԴΪ֮Դ˳͸Ҷ硣


1082 ͭ
СԴһյõģԴ̫£һ޷͸⵽ŹʱԴȴҵֵ˾󲿷ֹûԴͻҷˡ
ܼʼ޸ѵͷ­쳣˵
ǰ쵽ʲôط
֪ԴУҶһյسȤ
д˵һͨҲдһĶǣһڶ½ĵôȥˣ̽ࡣܼʼ滺˵
Ҷüͷһɵ뵽֮򣬳˼ʵǰ֪㵱뵽ڲ𣿡
ʮֵҵʵҲ뵽ΧԴҲΧõģܼʼ˵ˣԿշԴ𣿡
ã
Ҷ˵ͷûٶʣľٻ˳ƻľѹ˺ڰ׽Դ
ˣ
⵽ľѹԴӳڰ֮⣬һɳԽ֮ԴŻľѹһڿռˮһĴɢ
˵շԴ𣿡
֪ܼʼ浱ʵķ²շԴ壬ҶʵԶԶܼʼ棬Բо޷շԴ
˵Сصܼ࣬Ҳᴴ漣
ܼʼĿؿҶ磬ֻҶı㹻죬㹻ǿеĿܡ
ڻľѹԽԽѹסԴʱǵβҶƵؽѪֳˣݺݵײԴϡ
ѪԴײ˲䣬һɳ˳ֱ˺˹ľͼռ䣬ǿķ֮Ҷ˽ڽڰˡ
˺ѾͼռĻʧʱԴؽѪѹˡ
찡ǵǺ˵ѪȻԴѹ
оԴ£ܼʼ֪ԴĿ£޷һѪҺͽԴѹˡ
꣬ڣ
ؽѪԴ֮ʣҶûðսԴ壬ǽٻ˳ƽںƼֵԴ
꣬Ȼ޳˽꣡
ܼʼ˵ֲһ£Ƿ֣ҶԶгɫ
ǰѡеˣҲпǸı˵ܼҶɽˡܼʼ¶֮ϲжҶĵʧˡ
ǣ
ǿԴǳԽ֮ĴڣǿںԴʱǿĽ屻Դ˵Ѻۡ
ԣ޸꣡
ѺԽԽʱҶԼݣͷųǿĻע뵽֧ĽУǿ޸ŽѺۡ
ľڣ
Դ̫ǿ԰Ҳ޷ںԴʱҶֽľȡ˳һĶã³ľԼľΪģľҺ壬ںϽ˽֮УŽ
ľһһľĸںĴҺѺۿٵˡ
ڣľԲ޸£ںԴϵطɱ䣬ɫͭɫʮࡣ
ͭ꣬Ȼͭ꣡
Ŀýɱ䣬ܼʼˣѾܺˣҪ˵ͭꡣ
˵ͭ൱鼶ͼֻпܼ
漣Ͼô漣壬ܼϣˣ
ܼʼĿǰһĻž޲Ҳ¶˼֮ɫ
ȻҶľ绹δﵽ½ۣ֮ţֻҪҶ㹻ĳɳʱͿռ䣬һڶ½֮ۡ
Сɷܼ֡ʼ水סĵļʵ
Ҷ磡
Ҷ罫ͭջص꣬һ˵
ףǻʣǰΪʲôѡˣȷʵӵΪܼʼο˵ڣҾͽܼҵһͨԽŴڸ㣬һԵ
İǰҼȻģȻᾡһŬŵҶ˵ͷŵ
úãȫܼʼ˵ͷƷʥȼͨԽھڸҶ硣
磬ͼҲˣܼеһи㣬ҲԷĵȥˡ
˵ţܼʼǿнͼ֮ϵܼҵһرƷʥȼľͼ͸Ҷ硣
ʧȥͼռӻƱ޷ϣҷ
ǰ׹ֻزõҲڲõĽλǰͶ̥תػҶ½ͼѪս壬Ҷм˵ݻһλǰֻذɡ
ãˣ
ܼʼܼҶؾһ
ȻҶĳ֣ܼʼļƻεȵѣԼȫ͸ԴҲ
ҶȴܼĻᣬ˳תҶ磬м
ˡ
Լ£ڤٴʱţʱʱίĴ֮С
һ̣ܼʼԱ꣬ڤɢ֮䡣


1083 ׷
ǰǷģӦǵһһĴУŵļıܼ𡣡
Ҷܼʼɢķؾ֣صŬŵ
Ҷ˲뿪޽֮µܼլоϢʱüͷ΢΢һ¡
Ȼûߣ
Ҷ꼫ǿ󣬲һϤϢȻϢı䣬Ҷ绹ܸо֮˾Լ졣
죬Ҷ绹оʵ׵ϢȻЩ˵ĳйϵ
С׽ס㣬һƨɣ֪ҵ³Ҷҧгݵ˵
Ҷƻ֮ûòƿ˺ĵز㣬档
͵ණϲڷؾĹûв´ܼҵѾˣܼҵرҲˣ
һͷѩףһľȣ̬ӵͷָԶҶ磬ŭ˵
죬㵨ӲС֮󻹲ܣҴ˼ңΪץס㣡
Ȼò˼ر仯׷ߵĵһۣҶͱϳͷ仯ġ
޳СϷеļҵ͵ˣҲˣ㻹ҵһңϷҲŹ㣡׷Ĵӵۣ£ǳһǰƴļơ
Թ־ܰɣ
·ֱ۲źĸŭһҶ磬Ҫס
Щˣ˻֪Ҷ΢΢һܿĹŭ˵Ǳ˵ǹʹˡ
Ƿֱ׽ס֪ˣ
˵ţƲֱϵĺռ䣬Ҷ硣

ϮҶ̤һµĽͼ֣һĽ֮ƱޱȵĽɢŨŨĺˡ
¡¡
ͻȻһһֻƵĴִץҶ硣
þ߽죡
ҶֱһӣһռѺ۰ĽâңնϣµĽ֮ޱߣһ˵֡
һ̣һɫۣ˫磬۽һ԰̺ۣʵﵽս޻ʾ̤
׷磬û뵽Ҳˣ
羪װֵĺӣϳǾڶ񲶣ųǧ׷Ĺ׷硣
׷֣ٴγҶӡһƣµâ֯ƣſռ䣬ȫҶ硣
飡
Ҷͫһʮ֮Ʊݻ˿µ֮գſռ䣬ٴκ˹׷Ĺ
Ȼе㱾£
׷̤һֹĲٶ۷壬˲ûٶȲӰҶŰΧм䣬һ
֮
Լݣγ˽Ĵ֮緢ĻɽҶԺбŷֱը˹׷ûٶȲӰ꣬Ѫ˳ǵ߿˳
ɣˣ
Ź׷޷Ҷ磬ûоô΢΢һѸ뿪
ߣ
Ҷһֱ죬뿪˲䣬Ҷ籩һݻʩչָץ˹ȥҪץס
ߣץң±Ӱɡ
¶һ˿мƶ˲ûǧӰƭҶ磬ݵ˳ȥ
׷
Ҷ֮ʣ׷ٻһɫƵ˸һ£Ҷ硣
׷֮ԳΪڶ񲶣ӲȼƷȼ׷мĹϵ׷ˣѶ
ǧ򲻸ãӦõ¹ĶԹԸһȥɣ
׷סҶ磬׷¶ĪЦݣǳ
ﱿ˭ֲ壬治֪ʲôãҶջ˵
˵֮ʣһǿб׷ĸ
󵨣ͷӲǹָҪ㣬ðǵ㹻ҽ͵ˡ׷ɫһǳ
ͭ꣡
Ҷ籬ǧûѿ׷ͭڽֱۣи׷
ǣ
ͭ깥£ϵȼ׷ѿ˵Ѻۡ
󵨣
Ŀ׷ѵһĻ׷üͷһˣһ֣Ҷ磬Ҫشס
ƣ
Ҷ籩һֱͭӱ׷
һ̣Ҷֱһͭһѿգһꡣ
һͭɫ۳У˺˹׷˷Ĺһϡ
ã
׷û뵽ҶֻնĽâ˵Ŀ£һƽеֵ
ӿ£ֱͭƿնɫĹ׷磬һ˳ȥ
Ҷ粻ɱ޹һɱ׷ˡ
ȰòҪңɱǣ
Ҷؾһڹ׷˾ֵע£뿪ˡ


1084 ʦ
ԪǣΧڵһͳǳأһãã޼ʵɽ¡
ȻԪǳǳعģ󣬵ÿԪǵȴж࣬ҩʦ洦ɼ
ҩʦ֮ԪǣΪԪϵɽżҩݣҲʹԪǳΪ˾ԵһŦǳء
ţǰôΧôˣ
ָʵòһϮɫۣϢȴӢҶʮɸߵԪʱֺܶΧһ˽
ͨ
Ҷ绺߹ȥʱֳǽŰͨ֮һǰԼݵģ
ĵڷؾĹ͵ɹƭ͵޶ṩ֮Ʒ꾧˭סƷ꾧ǧһƷ
ͨϵͣҶ¶˵ЦݣĬţδ̫СˣĪֶΣͿɲۣټʮࡣ
Ҷɨһ۳ǽϵͨֵ߽ԪУ׼ϢգͼͨԽ뿪ѰʥƼϵζҩ
ҶԪʯ̵Ĺ·ߣһԪǶеĹŽֹòһѰŵʱһ߲Уιҩ⣬ŵһ˿Ѫζ
ʦ
һ鰵ɫƣϵĿǺһҩ¯Ҷ۾һɵö࿴˼
Ԫʦ٣ʦȴѼҶ²⣬пһѰҵ
ɣ
ҶԪһջʱָոͣڿջ£΢΢̧̣˽ȥ
ȻҶҪύˣȴû³çϰƷ꾧סһƧ᷿Ϣ
һҹʱܿȥ
һҹʱҶȫ˾ͼУñ֮
ȻͼȼԶԶ赣ҶʵܷӾͼ֮һҶþͼǰ㣬ľȫ
˵ͼҶ˵Ϊãӵ˾ͼһ˾֣Ҳɱˡ
ʱ֣һҹҶԡ֮뿪᷿ҪһԪǣԱ
Ҷߵջʱһһɫˮȹ绪ɵŮӡ뵽
ţƯĹ
Ҷ̫̫ŮǰŮʱ۾ɵһ˳кʣԣ԰Ρ
ҶԶԶʱ峺һ˿ĵѺ
ŮϢòѼҶ磬ؿҵǻͬע⡣
ԭǸʦҶ
ɫŮߣվһ׷Բԣɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ߣԼһĿ࣬ŽɫףɢŵѪζӡ
ʱʵս޻ʸ̸ֽ
ֻҪλƽȥ춼ǣԸλÿһƷ꾧͡ɫ׵˵
ȥ춼ǱȽңԶĽعҲҪʱ䣬һ·Σأ⻤ͼ۸񣬱Եǵĸ
ɣһƷ꾧Ļϣÿ˼һŴӦòһŴɡ
һɫ޷ɢ˫磬бһƤʣļս޻ʾһĨȣּۻ۵
ãҴӦǣֻҪλƽִ춼ǣλһƷ꾧ͣλÿһŴɫŮӿ˵ݺ
֪ǻҪ֮𣿡
˶ԻҶ¶һ˿Ȥ˹ʵ
͵˹ˣˣĿصһҶ磬ؾܾ
û˵ʲôҶ絭һЦɵŮӵһ˶һǡȥ춼ǣԻһˣһС
֪ʵΣɫŮһҶ磬öʵ
ǿһЩ
ҶָųĻӵ

ҶԼӶʱŭˣһ̶Ľһץ˽Ҫֹ
Ҷٶȸ죬ٵӡһƣڻеĽϣһƽףѪܵĲ³Ѫ
ñ£¼ˣͳͺһ
ʶҶһ˻ӵʵɫŮ׷ߴ䣬ͷ˵
лҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ˣ׼£һʱڳ⼯ϣǰ춼ǣһҶ磬˵
ģҵţҾŹ㣡
Ҷһˣ澡ʧĻŭת뿪Ҷ磬зĵ


1085 ̽
ˣ˵ˣǳɣ
һʱԪ⣬;ɫŮһˣǰ춼ǡ
žɫŮӸϵҲˣȫ֤ʵҶеĲ²⣬鷳
һҶ벻ͨȻ鷳ΪθߵǣߵӶֱ֣ӼԦ޷ɻ춼ǡ
ѵлʲôһƥѪĿµҶ
𻤷·԰ɣյͼָʾ·ǰ춼ǵ֮·
һнһʱɫۣƤӿһеĵͼ˵
ʲô·ģ
ĽɫףĽ𻤷һۣ˵һȣ߽һƫƧּС·׼ԽȺɽ
·ϲ̫ƽһ飬ͨǹʥƼϵλҩ
ϿͨԽŵҶ
𻤷ҪȥôߣҪ֮һ·ݵͼָʾǰ;ӥɽɽźܶӥ𣚣ЩӥвߵȼޣԽ»Σա
˽𻤷ߣָеĵͼ˵
˵ˣʲô·ģҪǱС㣬ϵİΣ𻤷Ŀһɣ
ҵȻ֪Ҫʲôô·ᵢǺܶʱ䣬ͽܶΣգӭŽ𻤷۾˵
ˣҪˣɣҹҿ¯α͸Σ
һֻỬС˰ɫɴ¶Ůӷ۵ľòö˲Ϩеŭ
ã
ӵȻʵǱϾһɢޣα˵Ҳж룬סеŭ𣬲ٶ
ʦ˵𣿡
ɫŮƯ۾ɨһҶˣص˳Уһƣʵ
ǸȻϻȽ϶࣬Ӧû⣬˲˵ɫۣͷѩףɫ΢΢Щ԰׵³һǱˡ
Ӻ춼ǵǱɣƽص춼ǣһŹǡɫŮЩߵ˵
Ǵˣû뵽ΪףӺ춼ǵ˻ɥĲһҪǡ׷һ˵
ʦôˣҪòܸԭɫŮʵ
أ죬Ҳָܻ׷һ˵
졭
Ȼʱ䲻Σ֮Уʱʲô¶ܷþɫŮ硣
ҹ㵱ȼˣǷп֮ˣȻǰһƻֻҪƻõӺ춼ǵ˾ͷۣҲסǡ׷˵
ã
ɫŮӵ˵ͷ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ҹĻ٣ڰɽֻ֣ϡɼ͸Ʋ㣬¹⡣
ҹǾϢɣ
ӵɫŮӴ𻤷ɽҵһƬտɽϢ
λһ·ˣΪ˸лλ໤ͣҹҾΪλɫŮûȪд
͹ˣ
ӵϲ˵Դ
𻤷Ϊһ
ɫŮӶһȡһīɫǶף̻Ŵƣȼ¯³һīɫȼ¯¯ͶʮƷʲҩݣʼ
еʦҪƷ쵤ƳƷ쵤ʦûʸǻյģֻƳƷ쵤ʦݵλһǻ¡
ɫŮΪʦ֤ӵαʵ
īɫ¯£ʮʮҩ˲ή˴Һ
ʱɫŮŷӿ˹̵¯УٿīɫҺеʡ
ǿ꣡
ϥڵϣͨԽŵҶ磬оս޻ʾľɫŮͻȻ弶ս޻ʾ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ھɫŮʱȫ˵İ׷߱ǿ͸˳ᣬ۲˵ı顣
žɫŮ˫ֿٵŤһӵĵƣڽ˹̵¯ʱһŨŨҩζƮ˳ֻһ¾;
Ҫˣ
ŵƮҩԽԽŨ֪ؼһҩеҺҪʼˡ
¶ڴ֮ɫҲ¶֮ɫ˵ıȫ׷߲׽ǵ˼
ˣ
һ̶𣬾ɫŮ͵һĹ̵ҩ¯Ʒʲ͵αҩһץС
αڵʵټľӦÿƴˣžɫŮžα׷¶ο֮ɫ
ʦոʱ㷢쳣𣿡ɫŮʵ
У˿⣬Ҳȷʣµ˾һû⣡׷۾͸һ˿ɫ
ʦʲôʱ֣ɫŮɫʵ
α̽£ҹһϷһΣȫȻ뿪ӦлΣգ׷߾Ȼ˵
ã
ɫŮӵ˵ͷһ̬Ღɴʮŵ


1086 Σ
ҸոƵα͸λɡ
ɫŮӽոɣ̺¶ȵα˽𻤷͵˵
Ǿллˣ
ӵ¶һ˿˷֮ɫҶȴƽϲ
ţҩкʣҲãʱҪôҪô𣬲ȻŵҩƷӦôﵽҶɫŮƵĵҩƷͷ
Ҷ绰䣬׷ߣɫŮӶɫͬʱˣǾɫŮӣβס۾һĻɭȻ
ʦ
ɫŮһסĵɱ⣬ʵ
ǣҶҡҡͷ˵ֻǶȽϸȤѡ
ǫˣһ̶ʱ̬ɲһġ
ʱѩɫۣ׷ͯյ˵֪Ϊʦ
˵ˣҲʦҶҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ²Ը˵Ǿˣ׷ؿһҶ𻤷ȥֻҰζˡ
ǣ
𻤷΢΢һӽžɽС
һṦһͷ޵ȼƶǣһĺҰˣ֧˼ӣȼ˻ѣ
ܿ죬һɹ˵֨֨ð͵ҰƮڴУ˴ߡ
λȤƷζһ¡
׷ߺ;ɫŮ˺Ұԣ÷ذ׸һ鿾Ľƣ̺ǿԵ⣬ζس
žɫŮŵĳԷ̬޵òӵ˵۾ֱˣ˹һ߳⣬һ׽
Ҷһһ㣬¶һ˿Ա˲ЦݣûдչȥĿϢͨԽš
űĿϢҶ磬׷ߣɫŮ۾еĺŨˡ
λҹİȫͰмλˣȥϢˣ
׷ߺ;ɫŮɨһҶˣ˵
ǾͷϢɣڲΣյġظ֤
ҹԽԽɽ־ĵһƬ
ҶһͨԽʱͷŵ쳣һɿµϢˡ
һ̣ٶȼĵâڵҹգηĵ֮⣬նΧܵҶˡ
ĶҶˣ
ͻ⹥Ҷ粢ţҡҡͷһʧںҹУܿ˴ĵâ
⵽ʵķǿȴûҶǰ㾪˵ٶȣֻƾǿʵӲâĹ
µıҹǱòѺۡ
ʲôˣ
ӵ˷׷ٻԵĵŭȰֵӰŭ
ɱǵˣ
һ䣬һ˿ǵȰӰٴγ֣һɱ⵶âµĵֲ籩ûһУҪ顢ݻ١
ƾ㣡
ӵû׷ȼѪ֮仯޻ֳָ̬Եĵӭȥս
ӵȻһɢޣ֮䣬ս鲻ףŲǿĵƣһʱ䣬ǵȰӰ޷ɱǡ
ϣǸз糾˲ˣ
սԽԽʱ𻤷ߣ˵
ߣ뿪˵׷üͷ΢΢һ壬ϵ
ã
𻤷˵ͷ˻ӵԦƥɽȥ
ʦ˵Ƿ糾ʲôˣɫŮӵʵ
Ƿ糾ҪǣҾͲµ⣬Ǻ´ݾߣҾͳˡڿ˵ʵֶԶϣӹ׷ɱ׷̾Ϣһ˵
ϣС㣬ǵͱڱˣҪҪٻޣ
ƥɽ·ϼһʱ䣬𻤷˳С
ãٻޣ˦ǣ
׷ߵ˵ͷǿ˳ᣬȡԦ޴ٻһֻͨɫչʮףԴŻʹڰë˼޵ȼĽӥ
ߣ
׷Ծ˽ӥϣԼٶƬɽصޱߵɽȥ
ʱ֣ٶȼĽӥԽ˼ɵһʯ᾵ɽϿա
Ӧð˰ɣ
ԶͮͮĽĻƣŮӷ۵¶һ˿Цݡ
ţǼƻôãô๦ٰѲǣΣˡ׷ߵ˵ͷҲ¶ѵõЦݡ
ʦ˰ɣֻҪΣգԽӥٶȣʱ䣬Ǿܷ춼ǡ
Ůһ¶һ˵Ļȣ˫˵
ԡ
ڰ׷ϥϢʱɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ôʦ
Ű׷ʧ̬ģɫŮһʵ
жˣ
׷߷壬ţΪʦԼȻжˡ
ʲô
Ůɫ΢΢һ䣬ͬʱԼ壬ԼҲжˡ
ոհΣǣΣա


1087 һر
˵Сģôжأ
ŮһסĵĿֻţŬػ
ͻȻ׷߱һǿĵ⣬һŲƥеȭâһȭһԵĽ𻤷
𻤷з΢΢һܿ˰׷ߵͻϮһȭվ˽ӥĲϣؿŰ׷ߵϣʲô˼
˵أ׷ѸٷһŽⶾĿؿ˵һ·ϣлӴҺ̶ֻ㡣û뵽ᱳǡ
𻤷㡭
Ů۾ɵùԲŷ¡
ұӺүˣ̸ʲôǣ
ƻɹ𻤷˺αװ΢΢̣Ϸʵ˵
˵꣬˫űŷǿᴩ˺޷ĽӥϣӲӥĲϣѪȪһ㣬ھ֮
̶ߣ
׷͵ؽɫŮ§˻Уʹ˻еĽӥԾ£ʯȥ
κΣ涾ʴ£弶ս޻ʾİ׷쳣Ѳ˽𻤷׷ɱ
ϣȰǲҪνˣӲģ
˵ţ𻤷һ쳤Хµᴩ죬Ծ˵ٶȺ˰׷ߣȫѪѪ͡
ն
׷Ľ𻤷Ѹնһµĵâˮкأѿؿݺݵն˲İ׷ϣֱӽӰն˵棬ҳһӣ⵽ش
̶ҪңߣҰס
Ѫİ׷ߴӵƳɫɷ׵ľɫŮӣߴٵ
ߣɢǻ𣿡𻤷ӸµؿŰ׷߶ˣ˵
һֻƳ壬ץ˶ԷȫľɫŮӣҪץС
ԴôƯŮӣͲһ𣿡
ͻȻһۿץסɫŮӵͻȻ⵽ػķѣɢС
һ̣ɫۣӢҶʯ˳
㡭ô
𻤷û뵽ɽʧҶͻȻ֣üͷһƣвһ˿õͷ
ǹӶĻҾģ𣿡Ҷ΢΢̣ζ˵
СӣȻ֪˭ȰòҪմ˻ˮ˱û㡣𻤷ŴݵҶ磬нһŻʯУؾ
˾ԽȻ˹Ӷ񣬾һᱣǵסҶ̾ϢһУƾʵвҡ
úúãҾͿµıΣ
˵ţ𻤷շԾޱߵɱնҶ磬µĵ֮·ն룬Ȼ޹⡣
죬һлô˼
ܵ𻤷һ̺ĵ⣬Ҷɫƽ˫֣ôվԭأûκε㡣

Ҷ羹ȻԼĹ𻤷۾ɱʢǿ׳ͻȻһɿµХ緢
ţӳ˲ĵĻʯҶ硣
ըƷĻʯɱУǰֻΪɢҶע
ֶβϧǣʵ̫ˣ
˵ţԼݣҶԺиֳĴ֮ƣ粨һ
ЩںһʱγΪ֮Ĵ֮һر䡣
֮ӣֱӴݿ˽𻤷˴ĵâĻʯˡ
ǣ
ܵҶͷŵĴ֮𻤷ϵĽ˲仯ΪĩµݺݵغϣȫĹǺǧԶ
Ҷ飬ҪһһԽɱʬ޴档
̫̫ǿˡ
ϻžþòɢĴ֮űҶһɣĽ𻤷׷ߣɫŮӺɵһ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫҶʵס
޷ļս޻ʾҶ磬˵ս

Ҷһ̽γ֣սǧ⣬һ̯̱ڵϵĽ𻤷ץ˻˵ϡ
㲻Ҫ⣬ӺүһΪұġȫ飬޵Ľ𻤷˵
ѻ꣡
Ҷӽ𻤷вҪԵѻꡣ
ʱ𻤷ҧһݣһǿըԴҶѻʧܡ
֪ܣ
Ž𻤷ʬ壬ҶҡҡͷͷųһƱ֮𣬽ڻˡ
߰λ뿪˵
ҶøɾմȾѪգžδľɫŮӶˣ˵
ôҶǲ޶ԵľɫŮӶˣҶ΢΢һЦҪӺǣǵʵӳҵ𣿡
ãǸߡ
ȻҶ콵ǣȴ͸ҶĿģȻ衣
ʱ˿̣ûѡֻܸҶ뿪
Ҷ뿪ãʮɫۣɫߵӳˡ
ǼһµϲĴ򶷺ۼóһʯ̣һ£Ѹ뿪ˡ


1088 ֮ͭ
طǾϢ°ɣ
ҶٻžɫŮӶ˷˴ʱ䣬һƧɽϢ
ⶾݸǣºڵĶӦþܽˡ
Ҷ翴ɫ԰ףⶾδĶˣȡֵƣͨѪɫĽⶾ͸ǡ
ݣ
Ҷⶾݣ׷۾һϳǼټĽⶾݣɽ򶾣ֵߣԥһ£̵˶Уڵ涾
԰ɣҲẦģ
Ҷ翴ԥľɫŮӣ˵
Ϊʲôǣ
˳ݣоڶزϵؼᣬɫŮӳһʵ
ͨҩݣ֪ǿɷԸң
ɫŮ۾еĵ⣬Ҷ֪Լ⣬˵
ô򵥣ɫŮЩŵʵ
ôѵӦñԵߵԸʹߣҶ΢΢һЦЦ˵
㡭
ɫŮɫһĲòˡ
Ҫʲôҩݣ
׷³һʵ
ֺϡ٣Ҳϸ򲻵ҩݣҶ绺˵뵣ģУԭ۹򣬲մǱˡ
¿ˣ¾ǣӦ񱨣ҪҩֻҪУ͸¡׷ŵ
ãǾͶлˣҶ΢΢һЦ
˵֮ʣһٶȼӰӳˣӰӣǵɽϮҶ˵ǵȸ֡
ܣ
ͻȻ֣͸ɱ֮ӣҶһϳˣһʵ׵Ŀܡ
׷߱һϷƿصĵˣԼʱ䣬ȴ𻤷ãٲ
λʵڲӦôٻ߿ܣҶҡҡͷ˵
˵׷üͷһƣͻȻ뵽ʲô
Ȼƿأȴ𻤷˰ɣҶ绺˵ǽ𻤷ֶβף˵᲻ʲôӡأ
ߣѸ뿪
׷߶ɫ΢䣬е̬ԣ˵ͷѸ뿪
ˣǻѾ׷ˣ߲ˣҶ绺վԶݵ˵
Ҷ绰䣬׷߶ͬʱоʮʵ׵ĸ߿ʮˣǵ׷ɱǣǷѾǧѵӺ춼Ǹ֣Ļ
Ҫ£ڣ˺ǣ
׷߶¶һ˿֮ɫҶ¶˵Цݣгš
ಣ
һ̶ƿʮӺ춼Ǹָݿϵӡǣ׷˹Ҷ˰Χм䡣
ľ𣬽̣Сǵֶˣû뵽ǲܰǵ׷ɱ˼ϸһͦΣɫߣս޻ʾĿؿҶˣɭȻ˵
ﱰɵСˣ͵ĸ׵ıɣ̷ŭ˵̫ŭȻ͸Ե̬
ɱǣ˭֪Ӻ춼йأս޻ʴЦһĿȵؿŽ̻һϧôƯˣǲôġ
㡭޳ܡɫɷף¡
Ȱ㻹һ󺰰ɣֵܱ֤
˵꣬ʮӺ춼ǵĸֺ޹˼ɵĴòӣĴЦ
˵𣿡ʱҶͻȻ˵ˣ˵ˣҾµˡ
ģ˭
ĻʹߣҶ¶ŵЦݣ˵

һļս޻ʱһֳһѵնҶ硣
ͻȻҶֱһһɫӣ·Ʋǣһ壬С
˻
ĿҶһɱļս޻ʸֵһĻϷȻֹһӺ춼Ǹ¶֮ɫ׷ٻԵĵΧɱҶ硣
Ǽͭɣ
Ҷһӿգ졣
ںͭĵ콣Ʋɵ֯Ľâرɫýʧȥ˹ʡ
ͣ
Ҷ֮ͭ£һ׵һµĵ˺ѡ
Ҷ罻֯Ľ纣콻һ㣬ƴԶ˿ɵ
һҽһӺ춼ǸֱҶ統УѪ֫ɢһأ˼һ㡣
ʮʮӺ춼Ǹֻ֣ʣ»Ѫʧȥ۵ս޻ʸ֣ȫɥҶ罣¡
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ĿǰһĻصս޻ʸĲˣʵ
̣ľǱҶ޵еʵסĸḶ̌Ժи֮ɢҶ罣·һΰˡ
һˣͲҪ֪˭ˣ
ҶĮؿµѹ˫Ȳҡ
Ҫ׽𣿡
Ҷ翴۾ɵãĿɿڴĽ̶ˣʵ
ܽ׽ȥ͸ˣǾ֤ݸ淢ӺǸαӸˣľһסĵ𾪣æ˵
ѣ
ľĻս޻ʸɫһ䣬ԱҶָ죬µ껯ѣ֮ݺݵغĻ꺣У˶ݵĳٶۡ
һ̣ҶһָһƴΣˡ


1089 
춼ǣһһĴͳǳأǳΡ룬׳ΰ糤һޱߵĳǽڽһ㣬
ڸִ磬¥ˮͥԺ࣬޽ڳĵ󣬸ҹ㣬ʶĿŴʦʦΪЧ͡
ڵˣ
ԶԶ춼ΰĳţŵˣ΢΢Щƣ¶˵Цݡ
繫ӣζˣû㣬Һ̶»زˣľм˵
ľϿˣֻҪľܰҴҪζҩݣζҩݵϢ¶м
ԶиӣҶҪԿն崫УշʥƼϵҪ˵ʥƼϵϵһ
繫ӣѵҲʦ
뵽ԼαʱҶۣ̿ʵ
ǣҲʦЩȤҶҡҡͷ˵
繫ӣ֪ûȤ춼ǿһʦܳΪʦôǺܶġ
ƽִ춼ǣ࣬Ц绨
֪ΪʦʲôôҶ翴Ž˵ʵ
繫Ӧ֪ƿŶ½ʮӴԴкܶԴûС
繫ӳΪʦʦͿͨ󼸺½һҪԴ۸˲١Ľܵ
ѵ˾ͲͨһԴ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҳԣ۸Ҫ߲٣һЩԴҪ׶ȵģ޷һĵԴϸĽܵ
ʦʦ
꽿̽ܣҶʦʦһ˿Ȥ
ϣС㣬ڻˣˣ
Ҷ˴廨Ӻ춼Ǹָոսǣһ˫޻ףʮ־о߿첽ӭ˹
ܼңҺʦƽ˷繫û¾ͿҺʦˣ⿴һҶǷĲ˵
С㣬Ǵеʲôܼɫ䣬һŵ˵
¹ϵشһеȼ˵ľ˵
ϣС㣬ҾͲȥˣڳй䣬ʱǴѶϵҶ־ڲ˵
繫ӣܼҸ㰲סɣö˵
ˣæɣԼҵطסҶҡҡͷ˵
Ǻðɡľ˵ͷ˵繫ӣɷҪζҩݸңȥ󿴿ղأȡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷԼҪҩľ
ҶҩݣľʱɵˣҩҪ˵û
繫ӣζҩҼסˣһᶯ﹫Ӷһġľ֤
лл
Ҷл뽿̣ľڳŴֿˡ
춼ǲǾһһĳǳأȻ
ڿĽֵϣųˮϢߣֵ½ΰҶ粻ɵøп
˾̾ĽֵߵʵҶԾ½ѵһķǿߣ洦ɼ
в弶ս޻ʸ֣쳣ʵ
Լļս޻ʾ춼ǾԵͨࡣ
һᣬҶ緢һ¥ߣģĴı¥̧˽ȥ
ʵҶ۽࣬¥ûз֮ɺ뿪ˡ
뿪֮Ҷֹ˼ģСı¥ûзֿԴıأ˳ģԶԶһռ㣬͸Żֺ֮ºۼĿǳĹŵ
ڹŵ֮£ǵվǻյʦԼʦ
󣡡
ԶԶŹŵڽɷ֣Ҷ뵽˳Ϊʦʦĺô׼ȥһ£ŪһݣȻͨһһЩ֮
̤ɣµĽݣҶһ˫˫ɵĿע£߽Ʈŵҩ
λӣЩİǵһɣ֪ǶһԴǿʦʦ
Ҷվ΢΢ЩĴĴʱһɫ黨ȹͿױ̬ŵŮҡҷԸе֫˹΢΢һЦʵ
뿼ʦ֪Ҫʲô𣿡ҶĿһǰŮӣʵ
ҪʦҪһƷ꾧ȻͨǳɸѡͿɽпˡڿУֻƳһƷ쵤㿼˳ɹҪõݵǻգҪƳƷ쵤СȹŮĽܵ
֪ɸѡʲôҶɫʵ
ɸѡܼ򵥣ǿ鹫ӵԼҩݵı֪ʱǻһҩֻڹ涨ʱڣҳҩеҩݾأԽʦˡȹŮĵؽܵ
οʦأҶʵ
ʦѶȱȽϴ󣬶ԻҪΪߣֻб֮㹻ǿ󣬻շ˲ʸ񿼺ˣ˼۸ҲһƷ꾧ȹŮӵ
Ʒ꾧ʦʦҶˣҶóƷ꾧ȹŮӣ˵

ȹŮһѾкܶδͬˡ
οҶͲͬ󴫳Уܡ
ţ·ɣҶ˵ͷӹɵ˵
Ǻã룡
ҶƽģȹŮûж˵ʮŵĴ˿˴


1090 һ
ȹŮӴҶ紩һֻĳȣһƮŵҩζĴС
ʱмվڶҩݵĹľԣһҩʦල£ɸѡ顣
ʦλҪʦʦ
ȹŮӴҶһ˫޻ףϲƣؿһöǻ£һҩԱߣһҩ¯ǰ˵
ţ˿Сʦüͷһ£һ㣬Ͳ󵫴ݲȵҶѾöûмͬ޵ˡ
֪ʲôʱԽɸѡҶ粻˵
ܲҿı֮𣿡ʦҶһ˿Ȥеҩ¯
ԣ
Ҷ˵ͷûٻﵽ޵𣬶һڱ֮
Ҷ֮ʢ֮ԶˣҶı֮𣬸ʦǵ۾бɡ
ǿı֮Ȿ֮Ʒʿ³һ𣬼ﵽˮ׼˰ɡʦԾ˵
֪ڿɷпˣ
Ҷȼյı֮𣬿Щʧ̬ĸʦʵ
ӵƷʵı֮ʦɸѡѾͨܽʦˡȿʦǽʦɸѡʦסĵ˵˵ࡣ
ǾͽʦɸѡɡҶ絭˵
꽫ӡöУȻһѪͿԽпˣʦóһ龧Ө͸˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷӡϷ糾ֵ֣һѪ
ʮҩѡһţֻҪһʱڣ׼ȷѡҩеҩݾأÿɸѡֻһλᣬʧ˾ֻ½һƷ꾧ɸѡʦóʮЩƵƤֽ˵
ǾŰɣ
Ҷѡһҩ˵
Ȼ࣬ں˴Увʦһ顣
˵Ҷˮ׼ڶʦǷȱֻȡ
ٵƷ쵤ºһʱٰٷ֮ʮһЩڵڹѪ߼ϲһ쵤ֲΣĻȾݣ̶
ҿԿʼ𣿡
ҶɨһٵҩֿһǰڷңɢŨŨҩǧҩݣȻĵ
Ȼסֻһʱ䣬ֻС
ʦ˵ͷδ˵꣬Ҷ磬뵽ҩݶУգ֮ץʮһҩݣ˹ȥ
ʦ㿴ûץҶ¶ЦݣĿɿڴĸʦʵ
㣬ԭĲʦ
ʦɨһ۾Ҷеʮһҩݣ¶һ˿֮ɫԾʵ
һҩݶҳٵҩݣҺ޲ٶȣʦԶԶҶǲǲԼ
ʦĵ𣿶Ҿ֪ÿʦʦбģʦţԵңҶ粻˵
û˼ֻǾˮƽô᲻ӵǻյʦأʦ˫ðؿҶ磬͵
ʦ֪ڿɷˣҶʵ
ȻҴȥ˴
ʦ˵ͷԴҶɣ͸ŨŨеһ޴¯Ŀ˴
ҶպܳΪ綥ʦʦΪ·ˣļ֤ߣ㹻ʦһˡ
أֻһˣÿοˣο˻ᣬοʧܣ˽Ҫ⳥ĵҩݺʯ
УиĵĹأڼƳ쵤У޷ǴߣʦĵΪҶ署ſ˹ء
һаҶ˵ͷ˵
ãҶʮϣʦ¶˵Цݣ˵֪ⵤṩǵġ
ҾոٵɣҶ絭˵ˣ鷳ʦٰæ׼һƾʯľʯǣɳ
ã
ʦ˵ͷΪҶ׼
һṦٵҩԼҶҪȫҶǰ
϶ǾƷҶ¶ЦݣǬȡһƷȼ¯
¯ǰڻɱãȻƷԶԶȸڴ˴ο˵㹻ˡ
öһöҶȡ¯ʦ۾Ҷ˴ο˸ӵڴˡ
ʦҿԿʼ𣿡Ҷ翴˫ðĸʦʵ
ԣסʱΪʱʱ޷ɵ㿼ʧܣʦ˵ͷ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷһԽٵʮһζҩݣԼƷȫͶ¯С
ȵȣҪʲô
ʦһؿҶ磬ʵ
Լʱ䣬һɡҶ絭˵
ô
ʦ۾һɣ˼


1091 ˼
糾ûпЦҪͬһ¯һ
ʦһŵؿŷ糾ʵ֮Ҫ˵û
𣿡
ȻͬʱѶȼ󣬶ַ꣬Ҫߣвܹһ񣬵ںϴƬƷ쵤Ҷ˵ȴûжѶȡ
糾Ķʦɵ˵Ҫ֪ᴿʱ䣬ƶһһƣ޳ɹĿܡ
ûоԵ£ô֪һʧأҶ΢΢һЦгš
糾Ҫ֪ʧܣҪ⳥ʧģԴκĸʦѵԽҶԽ֡
֪
˵꣬Ҷ粻ɵĸʦ¯һڱ֮𣬼¯һĶòٿرֱ֮ٵҩݺƷĲϡ
ʦͲҪˣһţŪҶˣ
Ҷ翴۾ԽԽҶ£ϴսĸʦЩε˵
ã
ʦЩεص˵ͷ
ר־Ҷ㣬ͬһ¯ܷ˵ģʦδ
ڸʦ鸴ӵվһ߹ۿʱҶ˫ֿٵŤһӵӡڽȼյ¯С
Ҳһ̣ͷ˳ע뵽¯УܵĲٿű֮ϡ
Ưַ
Ҷˮһƣƣʦ۾ʱ
ԭĲʦʦ
Ҷݲȣʦ¶˻ģ
оҶƣƵַԶԼɫǶԻĿƣԼĪ
ڸʦԽԽ𾪣ǰһĻؾʱͻȻ¯л⣬ȼյĻֵҰ궯
ãҪը¯ˣʦɫ΢΢һ䣺˵ˣͬʱвͨʢװ˷һλᣬ˷ѴƷ꾧
ˣ
¯еı֮ˣԳʧʱҶٵĳƣн˹̵¯ϣγ˴ơ
һ̣ҴٲȻʧصı֮𰲾ҶһĶõĿ£ղϣʡ
⣬ôģʦһα𺳡
ո޲ߣֻȴը¯ҶȴܴݲȵĻΣȾøʦе˼ͬΡ
ʱһһĶõҶֱϽᴿ
ʱҶһƣһᵤƣӵһ㣬µĵƣƷڽ¯С
⣬ƶַ
ʦſ̲סʧ̬ľţԼʧ̬æסͣ´Ҷ磬ġ
ţ糾ţ治֪Ǻηʥ̳šʦݺݵһڿˮȫҶ۷ͬʱ³çȷʵʵ
ʦǿаסĵ𾪣ɴ˫ۿҶʩչ´һϸڡ

¯дĵƣƣҶ۾оⱬ䣬ǿٿ¯ž·Һʼᣬγ쵤Լһ̵
顭
ɣɣ
Ҷ͵һĹ̵¯ƷٵԼһƵƷȼĶ̵¯ҶյС
찡Ʒѣ̵ǼƷƷ
ҶУ̻ŴƵĶ̵ʦˡ
Ҷоŵٵʱֱ뵽״̬
ٵҿſ¸϶ûɣôġ
һĨռ壬ſͣȴþû˵һ֡
ʦ㿼ͨ˰ɣ
ĿɿڴĸʦҶ³һٵƷʵ
ͨͨعĸʦæ˵Ҷ񲻶ϵط仯
ʱҶڸʦУǳé®СӣǰˣҶֽһ
Ҷ̫ᣬøʦ޲ðҶΪʦ̾׵
ʦ֪ܼ𣿡
Ҷ翴ɫ¶һ˿ǫĸʦʵ
ȻȻʦȻ˵繫ӣʹȥʯҽпˡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷżѵĸʦһͨɫ¶ȼߵĶʯС
ĶʯңһֻеλߵĵӲãÿãҪɰƷ꾧
ոҶı̫죬ʹøʦϵȨƸҶ翪ʯңҷĲȡ


1092 ǻ
繫ӣ֪׼ʲôҩҪʲôϣ
ʦʮŵ˵ٲȻҶ統ǰˡ
Ҿϴǵɡ
Ҷ緭һ鸵ʦеĵѡһֱȽƵƷ쵤
ϴǵһִ쵤ºֱӴȫĹһЩĵҩ
ϴǵҩݱȽ϶࣬ȽϷһЩʦΪѣɹʲᳬ߳ɡ
ǹ׼ʲôأ
ʦϴǵʵ
ʯ˿һݣҶ˼һ£˵
ϢƬ̣ȥ׼֮
סҶ֮ʦΪҶ׼ȥˡ
ʦ뿪Ҷϥ˶ʯУոʱ©Լ
ܿ죬ʦҶ֮ˣģϵĺѡ
ϸûʧķ裡濴һˣͬһ¯Ƴ쵤ﵽȱĳ̶ȡһɫؿһöǻյ߻ɵ˵
϶ţ˵ƭʲôôʦЩε˵ҲţҼıˣ͵͵Ĺ䣬ΪһϹαװġ
ѵڹϣһ֮š
Ÿʦ֣صףŴʦ໥һۣ˱˴۾еľϲڴ
϶ţǵɴ۾ɣʱ𾪵ӰʦʯӰʯ£Ц˵
˵߽꣬ʯңϸҶ硣
繫ӣ֪һǷֿ
ȻʦҶڱһη˼ͬʱ֪Ʒ쵤ѶȱƷ߲٣ʵ
Լʱ䣬һɣ
Ҷɨһ۸ʦļƷϣ˵
ãҾͲŹӿˣҳȥţ
˵꣬¶ϲĸʦرʯҽƣ뿪ˡ

Ҷ򵥵Ϣһ£¯еȫӽ¯֮С
ţ³һȵı֮𣬼¯һĶãǿٿԽԽı֮ʡ
Сͬһ¯
ͨӰʯĿҶ翼˵һĻŴʦ˵һ
ַ֮ţ
Ҷݲȵ̬ˮŴʦ˱סˡ
ִݣֿƣֻڸ߼ʦʦϲܿ
ϴβ㱬¯ľ飬ҶĸҺ˫ֱַֽȻͬŵƺƣ͸̵¯Ųϱ֮ȼգҺ롣
СӾһ
ĿҶͬʱʩչֲͬһĻöŴʦֱӴվ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
϶ţûϷˣ˰ɣ
ŶŴʦĿɿڴģʦ¶˵Цݣ˵
ǿ̫ǿˣ治֪Ǻηʥ̳㾪֮ţ˲ţһҪ¡Ŵʦ֮ʡ
϶ŰոҺ뷨һֻ󣬶޵ıǱ²ֹǣҪѰʦ̾Ϣһ
Ǽǻֱӹϵֻܰ䷢ǻ£ʦʦҪǻ£ֻ뿪ȥߵȼС
ô֪УŴʦҧһ촽˵۸ĴۣߵȼǰһҪ󣬵ʱټϸϺʹС㣬һԽΪ󡣡
ʱţҶˮУϴǵƷٵΡ
ʱϴǵƷͷŵ¯жԳ¯΢΢
򣡡
о¯ԽԽҶ۾о˫ֿٵۣڽ¯У˲ס궯¯໥ԳϴǵƷ
һ̣Ҷ¯ȵı֮𣬼ϴǵƷεٶȡ
ɣɣ
ڣҶ羫Ŀ£ϴǵƷƳɹ¯ҶһסС
ʣϷͣǵһοܣ糾Сѣһΰ
ʱյʯҴųˣʦŴʦ˽ŴʦؿҶ磬޵
糾λǶŴʦλڸϣλѣոһͬĿ㿼ˣ̫ˡʦܵ
ŴʦλʦãҶ¶Цݣ˵
糾ǼˣϢᣡŴʦͰ׵ʵ
ҲۣɣҶݵ˵
á
Ŵʦ۾һϼ֮ɫŨˡ
һʱܿȥ
ʱ֣ڶŴʦͱ£Ҷ̤Ϧ뿪
뿪ʱؿϺȻöʦʦݵǻա


1093 Ŀ飨ϣ
ֻܿǻգʧ
ȻҶ缼ΪʦʦΪȼޣҶûԸʦʦ
ҶܳΪ˫ʦʦܽΪëǵʦÿܴȡĳ𣬻ܶõĻ
бȻ꾧ãһĵԴֻûֽжһ
ҶźѰŵʱվ޵ıֵһʱ䴫˳
ôЦʲô
һµ᷿Уɴ˯ȹڰģ˫糿ǰ⶯˵Ľ̿ĸͻȻųЦݣʵ
̵ĸ춼ǵ˾֡
ΪһŮˣܳΪһƹܾһһǳأʵֶμ¡
ոնŴʦҴѶ˵һ˲õˣ̶̴ʱ䣬οˣΪ˫ʦʦеĴѶ飬¶Ц˵
οôܳΪ˫ʦʦأüͷ΢΢һ壬Ķ˵˵ŴʦûŪɡ
ŴʦȻûŪ˵Ϊ˿ʱͬһ¯ȻֻΡ
ʲô¯̵ɴ˫ۣŵ˵ѵ쵤Գʲôʱ춼ǳȾ֮š
֮Ӧʶ簮ؿẒ̌˵
ʶ̷ĴԺͻȻֳһӢӰ˲Ƿ糾ɡ
˵ˣŴʦң˾ͽз糾˵ͷ˵
찡糾һ𣿲ʵߵó棬ô裬⻹ò˻ˣ̾ϵЦȴԽԽŨһЦǡ
̶糾ô
Ž¶СŮ̬¶ŵЦݣʵ
ĸףʲô˼
֮ɫ΢΢һ죬ӵĽ޿ˡ
̶ҲСˣ׷ԼҸҪ磬Ȼ˵ϣĸҲס㣡̾һ
֪ˣ
뵽Լˣ̵ĺһɨգĬĬص˵ͷ
̶һǷ糾ҿһǷ˵ǰɫ˼˵
峿͵ӳڵķ䡣
ҶϥڴϣĬĬؾʱеĴѶͻȻöڴѶ
Լȥ
ȻҶԼµ˽̵ݣйǣڽٰ̰£ǴӦǰ
ϣǿ԰ҵʥƼϵģһҲУ
Ҷһֹͣ˾ޣڷϴһ裬һɾ·뿪˿ջǰڶǣռ㣬ΡȻĳ
¾Ƿ繫Ӱɣ
Ҷֻΰʯʨ䱸ɭϵĳʱһźɫۣһߣɢŵ㣬Ƽ˵ĵŮӭ˹˵
ң
Ҷ翴һ۽Ůӣ˵ͷɫƽ˵
үСѵȺʱ룡
˵ţŮҡҷԸе֫Ҷ߽˽䱸ɭϣ̨ͤ¥绨԰һŵĳС
ӣүСϾȲ衣ŮΪҶ絹衣
֮ʣ鱥ӳҶƤ£͸۷϶Ҷؿǰ˵ѩ׺ͱڹɢ˵Ĺ
׽ҶŮͻȻ¶һ˿֮ɫټζջϢ
л
ҶɨһԸ˵Ůӣûһ˿仯л󣬿ʼƷζгԵĲˮ
ӣ֪ʲôҪ𣿡Ůŷҷʵ
ûˣҶҡҡͷ˵ȥæɣ
ǺãȥˣʲôҪٽң
˵꣬Ůʮŵ뿪ˡ
ŮӸո뿪ҶоһǿϢˣϢ֮ǿǬ¡
Ůģ
ʱһ£ɫ޳ȹ绨촽һĨ̺죬ò˵Ľǵ§һòʮƣӺݻʸŵŮӻ˽
糾Һ⣿
׽Ҷ۾͸һ˿죬һߴһе˵ȫȻûһļӡ
ȷʵе⣡Ҷ˵ͷ̹Ȼسϵû뵽һŮġ
糾Ҳ԰Ȩ˼룿
ȻҶʵ̫꿡ܣҶʱоͬ죬ᵽһ˿ΣյϢ
ȷʵһ㣬أ
ҶûƽֲǷ۾ЦŻӦ
糾лҪ㣡ͻȻųӺݵЦݣ˵
үγԣҶʵ
ֱϵЦݸŨˣ˵


1094 Ŀ飨£
СŮ͸ƽȡ˵æѰζҩݡ
λϣؿҶ˵
ţζҩݶҺܹؼ֪ү𣿡Ҷ˵ͷʵ
Ҫζҩ̫ϡûУҲûСҡҡͷ˵ȴ֪й١
ġҶüͷһƣ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫүɷ棬ҵ١
ҸϢǰܸܲһ£ǷƵʵ
У
Ҷ˵ͷն˵
ȻųЦݣ˵
ү֪һҪʲôҶ˼һ£ʵ
ȻҲͨȴ֪ٵ̶ȣҪһҪĻ֣ҪһЩض˵Ϊ춼һ£㻻
֪үҪʲô£Ҷʵ
֪ûȤμӼڻǾеģߵȼԣΪ󡣡˵
ү֪Ҫβܰף
ҪΪ󣬱ʦʦ򣬶ֻиһʦҪףҪУ˽Ϊʦʦ
̶ȫΪʦݶŴʦ˵ȫΪʦԶŴʦƼ춼ǳֻҪܰףҾһŪ٣˵
ү֪Ե߽ʲô𣿡ҶͶŨȤʵ
˵˴ԣǰԼǰʸѡղصıһѡ˵
ãҴӦ춼ǳ
֪ǰĽҶ¶ŨȤһָоп»ҪʥƼϵҩ
磬вһЩоǧ꣬ӵʥʥϹҪѹǶǰ졣
Ҿ֪Ӧ¶Ц˵һ΢鷳£ҪԼҲһССĿ飿
ү˵Ҷ
ÿμƵģֵֻ
δǰѡѾѡãΪʦĸռһ̶츳ߣƵռݵڶҪɻ˵
үǶҵġҶ絭˵
糾ӦǺεȵ󣬶춼ǵһ壬˽ã̶ϣжŴʦƼ㣬ǲıѡġ
οɻ츳̶ķڷƱػӰĹϵһֻƾ汾ȥᣡ˵
ãһĸԸóģҶ˵ͷгš
һᾡ찲ɻ֮ıԣڼ䣬סҳɣ̶úý£˵кô
̺һ۽̣ɫޣʮֵˡ
ǾʹˣҶûپܾ˵ͷ˵
˺үһһæ£
ʲô£ʵ
򼸿ʵү֪𣿡
̫ӣҪӦգҪҶҪ򼸿ʵԱʱ֮衣
糾Ķɶϡ֮ʵ̶ȿԶԶǹ٣гϼ򲻵˵ȴ֪һ˿ʵ
˭
ȣ
ȣǺˣ
Ҷ̫İûȵ֡
ⲼҾ켶ͨɱ飬޶Ҿ߶ͣɳʮ񲶣δ׽ˡ
˵ϾһʵΪǿǿʵɱˣʵϸ˵
ү֪ɷæ²ȵ䣿Ҷʵ
糾ҿ㣬ǲ˾֣ʵ£Ҷûʮİսɱѵ
үһСĵأæ䣡Ҷ˵ͷη˵
ǺãҾͶùϵѰǲȵ䣬Ϣ֪ͨ㣡ؿһҶ磬˵ͷ˵̶糾ȥϢɣչ˺
ǣĸף
ɫޣ޶˵Ľ̵˵ͷҶ粢뿪á
糾ҵҪǱжǱԴңҵǲ⽫ұŮ㣡
ĿҶȥıӰ¶һĨЦݣĬ


1095 
ԡҪѹȺۣǰأ
Ķ˵Ḷ̌Ҷ뵽˼У˼ɻ֮ıԣ类֮Ժûзϡ
ҶȻں˴뻯ͺܶľ飬֪ƾ;飬ҪЩоǧϹ졣
οҶĿ껹ǵǰȫǰѶ졣
ұҪƴͳôһ߿ܣ
ҶڴߣŬһйļ䣬˼ƻ
ӵʥ֮飬ʱҽ֮ڽҩУ֪ܷҩƷף
Ҷ뵽һƷ׵İ취һ¡
龫Ԫɣ
ҶһԼ䣬õƷ龫ԪĵǬдҩ¸ƣȸٻ˳ʮʮͶ뵽С
ϣҵ뷨ʵ֣
Ҷһȸһںһʩչһͷǿ꣬ƺᴿ
ں£ʮ˲ήڻ˴ҺȸС

Ҷ˫ֿٵŤʩչ۵ҩ֮鴹֮γɵƣڽ۵ҺС
Һ۹УҶһֱ۲Һں֮ı仯
ȻҺں֮øԣ
оһ֮ҺϷʵı仯Ҷ¶һ˿ϲɫ֮鴹֮֮ƣҺɱ䡣
һʱʱҶʱں˴֮ƵҺΣҩʮ㣬ֵƵ龫Ԫ
ɵ
Ҷ͵һĹ̵ȸ龫ԪӴ򿪵ĶзҶһץС
Ʒ֮鲻ܶΪ֮ۺʥں龫ԪȻˣ
о龫ԪĵȼҶ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫһֶΣ㹻ʱ
ϢһᣬҶ䣬ҳƷĵԼҩͶ뵽ȸм֮Ʒ
ҶȻӵʦĻ棬¯ԼƷѶԶԶƷټҶȲһδ֮ƣʱƷƷʱȴֵһ˿˲յը¯ʧˡ
ѵĿǰ꾳磬ƼƷȸڵĲҩҶüͷһ
ƷĳɹʶߣҪ˵˴ǰǰʮһܴȥ
оԼҪ봳ǰƳԽ׼ʥС
ںƬʱ֪׼ʥĵƳԽ½޵ʥ
ոʧȴǰ꾳磬Ҫ˵׼ʥƴ
ѶȱҪ󣬶ԻҪ󣬶Ҫߡ
Ҫܶʱ꾳أ
Ҷ̾Ϣһȥ䣬ͨһЩ
һ̬Ҷȡ˰˿ƷɫʯͶ뵽ȸУƷ֤ԼƷ뷨
뵽취ʱԼշˮʥڽ̥УһΣо̺֮Ĺ
Ҷ뷨ãʵʩѶȸʱŽϳʥڽƷУֱӵʧ⣬ը˵̥ʧܡ
ϳʥ׵ǿ󣬺޷⣬ͬʱڽ̥вͨ
һʧܣҶ粢٣ȡʯͶ뵽ȸУԡ
һΣҶ罫ϳʥڽ̥н顣
ϳʥ׵̫񱩣ڽ̥кգҶ糢ʮַ֮δܽӡڵ̥С
գϳʥʧأֵʧˡ
Ҫȡúβװ
ȸбϵĵ̥Ҷ̾Ϣһ
һδʧܵʧͲСҶǰڻɱ˴ǿĵˣջķᣬ֧˷ѳԡ
ϢƬ̣Ҷȡʯԣˮڽ˵̥мԷӡ
֮飬ӡ
ˮ֮ˣ໥֮ʣûͷųʱҶ֮γ˴֮ƣǿнżҶԳɹˮӡ˵̥С
ɹˣ
ӡɹҶ¶˵Цݣ˫ֿٵŤʩչ˽һҹʱ䣬һѽΣԼˮ֮Ʒ
֪ѽΣ
Ҷһ¶ͷðĺˮ뵽ǬУ׼û޼ѽ


1096 ˮ֮
磬վű𶯣ѽ
Ҷ˸ո޵ŨĻޡ
ƷϴֵȼĽʲôʵֵ
ԲСۿһҶոƵƷûзر֮ʵ
һ֪ˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦע뵽ƷУ⿪֮ķӡ֮ںĻޡ
һˮ֮µͬǳ׹䣬ϯأնͫ׷ŴĻޡ
¡¡
ˮ֮Ʒͷŵĵ֮ƥն˻ϣµĹڻһǳǳĽۣӴܿƵĺһ
⣬ϴ⽣ģôʱܱˮ֮޿ǳǳĽۣˡ
Ҫ֪˺ư޴٣ɹ֮ϴ񣬻ָʥ֮ʵﵽ˼µĳ̶ȣҪ˵ƷƷ˲
ҶֳƷֻƾǿǳǳĽۣһȻոЩ⣬ȹ
ѽҸոģҶ絭˵
ոġϴ㻹ʦޱ仯Σŵ˵
ôҾͲʦҶ翴Ż޳Ծģ΢΢һЦһ׼μˮƽԣʦʦ¡
ˣǼɣ
ںˮ֮ƷҶ¶Цݣ뿪Ǭص᷿У׼ȥ䡣
糾ҹϢΣ
Ҷ绻һɾ·ո뿪᷿ԶԶɫ黨ȹƯŮһ㣬ϴЦݵḶ̌ڳ˹
ϢĺܺãҶ΢Ц̣¡
ţĸ֪ͨ㣬ѾӦɻһʱ䶨ϣоС̵˵ͷö˵
ãҶ˵ͷˡ
糾ɻձǧ򲻿ɴ⣬ĸҲǿǵ
Ҷ⣬
İɣɻ𶼱Ȳ̸γǰʮҶ΢΢һЦԵ˵
ǰʮҶ׳̲ɵõһѵ糾ԿߵټϷĽʱܶϹﶼμӣҪǰʮǰƷʦ
ѵƷ
ƷûӦò࣡
Ҷ翴Ž̳Ծģ΢΢һЦ˵
֪Լ߽ʵ飬ԼĿĲǰʮǰ̻᲻ֱɵ
ţ
̰Ҷһۣ⵴ޣ
̣æɣȥ󿴿һ㶫Ž̻ɵģҶ΢΢һЦ
Ҳȥ󣬶һҩԴһɣƯĴ״˵
Ǻãߣ
Ҷ˵ͷʸţɷĽ뿪˳ǰڳ
춼ǵλߣҶһˣǶ˳ʱľ𶼱
ϣ֪ͨæһס𣿡Ҷ翪żɽʵ
糾Һ̶ҪҺ㣬Ｋϡ٣У֣㿪߼ͣҲ򵽣ľΪѵ˵
ˣҶ籾ҲûбϣǬָȡһƤֽݸľϣЩϣɷæһ
糾׼ʲôȼľϤƤֽдŵһЩ󣬼ֵߵҩʱһ
׼ƷҶʵ˵
Ʒľһʵ糾ľ߱ƼƷʵ
˵ʵûƷҾúúϰһ£Ӧû⣡Ҷ̹Ȼ˵
糾ƳƷڴ˴УԿԴʣпܳǰʮ
Ҷŵף뵽ʦŴʦҶۣľҲɵ¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫ
ϣʱһгһϯɫƤ𪣬òɻͬ³УؿҶ磺ҿһƭӡ
ϣ֪һ֮ҪٻֺƷ꾧
ҶûԳӢƵɻȫ˿ʵ
糾Щ͸㣬Աľ֮ľ𿶿˵
⡭
Ҷ֪Щϵļֵƻء
ˣȣЩ֮ﲻʲôľں˵ҪҼʱ䣬ܶҪͨȥһ
ǾͶлˣ
Ҷ粻Ť֮ˣûپܾϵĺ⡣
糾ҽȥôҲһ㶫
ɻ𼵶ʵĿע£
ã
Ҷ˵ͷˣʸŵĽͬ£ȥ
ʼգҶ綼ûۿƵɻðɡ
糾ҷһڽ£ףɥ֮Ȯ
ĿŶ˲뿪׷޹ɻ𼵶ʵķҧгݵзĵ


1097 ˭ǽ
峿صأӵƾʷ춼ǡ
ߵȼٿҶɻ֮ıԣͶ
үǶ֮ıԷΪֱ֣ǿػԼʤ߶òμһǿ飡
ɫؿڱһöǻ£ȵľͦΣȲҶ˵
ûУҶɻͬ
Ȼû飬ǾͿʼ԰ɣΪ˱ԹԣϷִ˴αԣүල
˵ţľ˵ĽƣһʮɸߣѷҩݣɢŨŨҩʯ̨΢ĵϻӡ뵽Ҷ
үÿֽдʮζҩǶ˵ľ˵
ã
˵ͷߵëʣֱһ̺ƵƤֽдʮζȽټҩݣΪѶȣǶ˻Աעҩݵݡ
үдʮζҩݣǵһĿ˭죬׼ȷĴҩҳʮζҩݣʤľ⿪ƤֽеĽƣʮζҩչҶǰʼ
ľ䣬ɻ嵽˶ѻСɽҩݶԣѰʮζҩݡ
Ҷվԭȴ˿Χ۵¶֮ɫʱҶһǧ˿ҩݶ¡
һ̣ʮζҩҩз˳һҵķɼ䵽ҶС
ϣҩֻֽϵʮζҩݣûз֦ݡ
Ҷ罫ʮζݲһҩݵݸ΢΢ЩԾľ𣬻˵
⣬ôܣ
ʱɻŽҵҩݣҶȴ˱Ƚɵۣ޷ܡ
ʮζҩû⣬Ҳûвүдķ֦̫ϡ٣׼ҩȷʵûУϽҶץʮζҩݷŵǰ˵
ǿ꣬Ӳ
һǰʮζҩݣ˵ͷ͵˵
ɻɷ
ϿĿɿڴɻ𣬵ʵ
ҡҷ
ȻԸϣҶոյıȷʵиɻһë
糾ʵߵó棬츳ôǿôģ
ĿøոյһĻƯĴ۾б⣬¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫЦ绨
ãһֱԣ糾ʤпػľ˵ͷ
糾㲻Ҫ˵̫磬һڿػУеĽģ֪˭ǽǣɻһסĵ𾪺ͲʣĬĬзĵ
ػʦزٵһֻнƵȱûΪһ֣ƳõľҶ˵룬˵нƵڣٻԼĻɣ˭ܿԼĻ棬ԷĻ棬ʤ

Ҷûжü޵𣬶³ǿı֮𣬻ָ⣬һֵСߣϵزơ
ɻȻշһǿ𣬵ΪҶķڷҲ˱֮𣬻һֻĻӥͷ
̶ñƴػ֮˭ʤļʸ󣡡
費Ҷı֮ԶԶɻǰʢѯԵĽ̡
糾䣡¶ЦݵĽӹɵĴӦ
ôʵԼ˫ðŮҡҡͷЩεش
ɻ𶼱Ȳ̸ʲôǰʮ뵽Ҷ統ºֲǰԵĻϵЦݸŨˡ
ʲôǰʮ
֪ǰʮζʲôӵƼƷʦǸֿȵĴ
˵֮ʣҶɻ֮ĿػԿʼˡ
ɻ£֮ûĻӥХһȶȼյĻᣬڰлһĿĻӰʮĹҶ磬ҪһϨָ⣬һϸı֮
ȥ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ걬ע뵽ָƱ֮
һ̣Ʊ֮緢ĻɽͻȻȼգһʮɳĻߣѿѪڴڣһڽϮĻӥҧУӲ˺ҧˣɻοƣ޷ۡ
ػ𲻵ԻĿƣ汾ı̫֮ˣҪڿػлңٻһֻɡ
Ҷ翴ɫ࣬ܵɻ𣬲ϲ˵
úúãҾʶ£ϻ
ɻ𲻸ٲ׾Ҷ磬ûлᣬʧȥμԵĻᣬߡ
οĽѾõĽ̻һԿš
һʻţʮƯϻģ¶ҲΪϻĳ֣ϵߡ
ΪŤתƣɻֶΡ


1098 ǲǾС
ϻǲ˲˵㣡
Ҷ翴ȫţȼɫϻ𣬲ɵøпǧ治УƯ
糾㲻ҪΪӮˣʤһң
Ҷ۾͸Ĳмȫŭĸɻŭһŵϻ𻯳һֻɫ𻢣˾쳤ХҶ硣
ȥ
ɫɱϮҶûһ˿仯һոһ˻ӥĻӭȥɫڰмս
ɻշ𣬱Ҷı֮Ҫǿһ֣ػ֮Ҷ磬꾳ԶԶ
Ҷ΢Ŀ£߲û·磬ƵƵɫ𻢷Ļ壬ɻ˾޴ѹ
үǴˣʵ̫ˣɻԶԶĶ֣
۹з˺ҧһͷޣ֪ۿػɻԶԶҶ硣
糾ǸϺСŮľˣȣϺСŮѾ⵽Ӻɱ
˱豭ŴݲȵҶ磬֪
ʲôӺԸϣ̶ɱˣ
˽ãԽ̰мӣһϢɫ΢΢һ䣬ͳ˵
ţҴˣû뵽ΪľӺɥĲɱ֣Ư۾͸һ˿ɫǱ糾ȣȻ롣
ү糾ûɣ
ɫѿʵѽ춼ǰһһپ٣һ
û⣬ҲΪҽжҲƸɻһ˵
ڿȷʵȷɻɫϣʧܣ÷ɻҵ㣬ȫоǧҪһ겻񡣡ǵ˵
ҾͲʤ㣡
ŴݵҶ磬ɻһҧģ͵˱֮ٴλ˻ӥҶ硣

ɻȻͬʱٿ棬վΧ۵һƬȻԾǿͶԻĿ
һ֣ɻڳĺܶʦʦ硣
꾳磬ͬʱٿ棬ǲ̫Ϊˡ
ͬʱ⵽ɻٿ湥ҶȻûжٱ¶һ޼սıͻȻˡ
ţǿ£еı֮ٻγϯյĻУ͹ϯУĽ顣
ɶ񣡡
ɻû뵽ҶԻĿƴﵽزƱ֮þòɢγƻǿĻУɫʱ԰˼֡
û䣬ҧݣ޹УҪ˺ơ
ˣˣ
˵꣬Ҷһӿ˻Уֱӽ˺ѽˡ
ۣ
ޱ˺ѵ˲䣬ɻ⵽˻ɣˣһѪ˳߿˳һƨڵϡ
ү糾ʤⳡԾǲǿԽˡ
Ѫ棬һͿصɻľҶ¶һ˿͵Цݣʵ
һҪһ
ɫ԰ףûһ˿ѪɫɻѸٷһ굤ĵ˵
⡭
ľüͷ΢΢һ壬ûش
糾֮ķڷҺʶ·糾֪𣿡¶һ˿ƵЦݣ˵
ðɣǾͱԵҶ翴һȲûоܾ˵ͷ
ǺãϢʱʱڣһҶû飬ľ
糾ȻҰˣһ飬һʤɻ˫ȭգвʵ˵
ʲôҶ¶ŵЦݣʵ
ͿػֻСͻ汾ĵȼǴɻһ糾㱾֮ҵϻ𣿡
ĿˣҶ̾Ϣһʵڲ㣬Ҹۡ
ôĿңշһ𣡡ɻЦһԵ
㿴ʲô棡
Ϊ˸ģҲΪɻķڷҶûв׾ٻ˳
ֵ˲䣬շʦԸо겻ɻҲиоѹͿ־塣
⣬ʲôȼ𣡡
Ҷٻľɴ˫ۣһ𾪵˵
Ϊĸϣľμ𣬶Ҳշһ𣬵ʱĪĲһ£շеͬ궯
ȼ֪ļս޻ⲻ󡣡Ҷ絭˵㿴ôǿ𶼲԰ڣǲǾԼС󡣡
㡭ۡ
£ɻ³һѪıҶ̤֧顣


1099 
ˣʱѵɻ㻹費Ҫָ
ľһʱ䣬վģıܴ΢΢һЦ԰׵ɻ𣬿ʵ
Ҫ
ɻҡҡͷҲҲһ˿⣬ոҪﻢ£뿪澡ʧĵˡ
ȻھͿʼһƴϵ˵ͷ˵ոүһ£һֱƴͬһֵҩݵҩ͵ҩƷ
ã
Ҷɻ˵ͷû顣
ΪѶȣһֿƵĵҩΪƷϴ赤Ҫͨݣ˿ѩʱΪʱ
Ϸֱ˽ϴ赤ʮζҩڷҶǰ˵
ϴ赤
ɻȻӵƴʵɹȴߣϴ赤һּĴѶȲСɨҶʱȴҶɫƽݵȻʱ̾Ϣһ
ʤһҪɹ
ɻʤ֮Ժ󣬵һ̬ǬָȡһͨɫƷȼҩ
ˣʼ
Ÿһ£һֱʼˡ
ɻһҩʮҩȫͶ뵽ҩУ³ϻ𣬿ʼһᴿ
һԵҶȴûٻҩֻ³¶ȼߵ𣬿𻯳һȼյ¯ʮҩͶ¯֮С
Ի𻯶Ҷϴ赤ʮ㰡
Ҷǰ֮¯¶ӺݵЦݣ˵
̡
ڻ£ʮʮҩ˲ήڻʮɫҺһɵĵƮɢֻһ¾;

ʮξҺҶ˫ֿٵŤһܵĵ֮ʮξҺںһ𣬿ٵ
ҶʱɻŽᴿһ롣
ʱɻȫӰ죬ȫͶ뵽У״̬£ᴿַû覴á
̺֮ʮΪѣҪƳʮƵѵûмߵĵ裬ḻ鼸ܡ
Ҷϴ赤ʱȻûн֮飬ǿϴ赤Ʒʣȴϵʩչ֮ʮƵ
Ưĵ糾еʦķˣ侳ĸоһܣ
ĿתҶݵľ۾֮ɫԽԽŨ
ʦ˵糾Ƴϴ赤˫ʵһ˿Сڴ
ϴ赤ѶȲС糾̫ҾӦƳƣƵľ˼һ£˵̶ûµʱ糾£㵤ɳкô
ǣʦ̵˵ͷЩСȸԾ
Ҷ粻ݻ£һΪĵĿϴ赤вϳµĵƣΪ˽Ŀϴ赤£ʮƵҶŻٶȣϵƣɻ׷ϡ
ٽʱʱһǳɵɻ͵һĹ̵ҩ۴СӵߵƵİɫϴ赤ɳ˶ǣһץС
Ƴϴ赤ÿϴ赤ﵽƵɻϴ赤ľ˵ͷ޵ɻ֪Ϊʲô˳Ʒϳ𣿡
ɻˡɻ˵ͷ
׾ͺãľЦ˵յʧܣ˵ǻ¡
˵֮ʣһŨŨҩ˳
ͨڣĻһ㣬˲ҶƳϴ赤ƷΡ
ɵ
ҶŤӡȻֹȼյҲ뵽˶У¶ĿƯڰеϴ赤
ĿţôһϣȻƳĿϴ赤
ƯҶǰĿϴ赤˴˷ĵͬ˹
ϣҲˣҶ罫ƵĿϴ赤ľ
ʮʮƵĿʮƵ
ľ𿴵ҶƵĿϴ赤ȻȫƷʵʮƵʱֲĶһ¡
һϣƳĿϴ赤ѾˣҶƵĿϴ赤ȫʮƵøЩŽҶĵȫ۷
ɵˣҶƵĿʮϴ赤̣ɻҲɵˡ
Ǳʩ˶һ㣬Ŀɿڴ
ţ˸ţ
ľѾҲҶˣ˵ҶµˣʵǵĪ
ɻǷˣ뵽Լ뽫Ҷڽµ뷨ǾÿЦ
糾֪ʦ˭һסĵʵ
˼ʦҰף̫ϲ̸𣬻Ҫ֣Ҷڱ
ͻˣ
Ҷ˵ޣȴĴ
Ȼһ֮Щ꣬Ϲȣмزࡣ
ҶҶ缫пһʦȻ̳ܽͽܡ
ˣı˽Ҷȥɣ
һ۴ϵҶ磬


1100 ǿİ취

糾ıǳҵԤϣ̹׵ĸңļƷ𣿡
ӺݻλϣǳǳƷ裬ӢҶ磬ʵ
ڵʵƳƷɹʺܵͣҶ˲豭ʵ˵
Ʒ
Ҷ绰䣬ϣ˲ԼͬһҶƳƷܳǰʮʱ춼Ǵϵ
糾ԼΣ˼һ£˵
ʲôԼҶʵ
춼ȫ֧ǰʮ㹦飬ϡ˵
֪ү֧ңҶûӦʵ
вʱ䣬ҪѣһطĻƷʣӦΪϣʱ̶ȥǸط˵
ү֪˵ĵط
ҶüͷһƣвŨȤʵ
еľػߡҶãȻ񣬲ʵôûǸط
һҶ˵ͷ
ػƿأ˵ػһرΪŴÿػжŲͬȼƷʵĻ飬Լ𡣶ػʥڡľһԽӻ
ʥ𣡡Ҷüͷһƣ¶֮ϲ
շʥȻϳʥ׽һ̥УܳΪǰҪɱﵡ
ػʥ𣬵ʥھػо޵У쾳Ҳ޷շľ˵
ô糾ֻҪӦϣҾ̶ػѰҴԵҶ¶Ȥ֮ɫȴػٿҪȥҪѴĻ̶֣ͽȥҪĵ֮Ļ֡
ãҴӦϣ
Ҷӡ󲻴ټϾػߵմӦˡ
糾ҿɽеϣˣɲҪʧ¶Цݣ˵
Ҷдʣ춼ǽջ󲻵ĺôҶһʧܣˮһա
үҵаճǰʮҶ绺˵
ġ
һеĲ豭ŵʵ
ҪǰʮҪƳŵΪʦ˲֪ǣҶеǰʮȫǰʮ
ʦҵĵУһЩϹյĵڱǲģ˻򣬾꾳硣Ҳԭ򣬵Ʒɹʼ͡Ҷ˵
ϣǿ߼ͣпܶһ𣿡ҧһ촽¾ĵ
ƽʱҲпܣڼóƷһľҡҡͷ˵
糾ͰĵѰ½ңһᶯеæѰҵģһŵ
лүҶм˵
糾Ҿ̶һŮԣཻĺϣڴ˴ȡúóɼһ˼Ḷ̌˵
һģҶ˵ͷ
ˣ˴ʱ䣬Ҳ˰ɣ̶ȥϢɣҺ͸ϻ顣
ã
˵꣬Ҷͽ˫˫뿪ˡ
糾º˵
ڳɫ˵ĳУͻȻҧһº촽ɫ޵ؿҶ磬˵
ʲô£
ŽƯֲʧĵ۾Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ȥȥ㷿˵ɣҪ
ͻȻЩţ˵Щˡ
ã
Ž̹ı飬Ҷ¶һ˿죬ûжʣɫḶ̌Լ᷿С
糾ҿа취ǿ
ţҧź촽ӭҶһ˵
ģ
Ҷüͷһƣ¶֮ɫ
ţҵһСܣĸ׺ʦ֪˵ͷ˵
֪ʲô취
ɫޣĶ˵Ḷ̌Ҷ缤ʵ
Ŀǰ⣬ܽһ꾳磬ǰİոˡ
ǰЩ꣬ҸʦҩʱżһλߣҾΪͽҶξܾˣҴ֪ҿ壬һĹٹż֪岻ǿ󣬻ӵ
磬꣬Ը㡣
뵽꣬ͬ꽻ڣ̵ԴһֻС¹һ㣬ˡͣ޵һ使޵Ļ䣬Ϊ֮


1101 
壡
Ҷ翴ɫģǵḶ̌¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ͨԵļ䣬Ҷ֪弫亱˵һܵһˡ
һɳ꽫ﵽ˼ĳ̶ȣƾ꣬ܲǿս
½ʮǰֹһ壬ѡһ;Ϊ˶½һʦΪʡ
̣ȷԼ壡
Ҷû³çΪ̼壬壬Կ԰ﵽԼ
ͨ⼸귭ĹżڶһȷҾ塣̵˵ͷ
̣ܰ𣿡Ҷʵ
ţ
̵˵ͷԥؽݸҶ硣
ңҲҿӵġ
ļγѪ쳣˵Ḷ̌Ҷ֤
˵꣬ץ̰Ử󣬿Ըݣ˿͸塣
Ȼ̣ҶֻҪһͷܽĽһ飬ȴرģûȥ룬ûȥ
⣬壬ûб
ҶԼһ齿̵壬ȷѵһ壬Ϊʵ̫ͣûм壬Ȼ꾳粻ֻ弶ս޻ʡ
ô糾ҵǲ壿
ҶɿԼ۾Щڴʵ
ǣ壬ûбҶ˵ͷ˵̣Ҳܼ壬еʹ֪࣬ԸⳢһ𣿡
Ը⣬ȻԸ⣡
̲鿴˺ܶĽܣ֪Ǻεȵ죬Ҳһǿ֮ģԥ˵
ҴϣʲôҪ룬һнңҶ˵
ţ
һҶ峺ӣ˵ͷѵ˽ϵЬӣ¶˾Ө۵һţ˫ֽڸƽĴϣ۾
۵˲䣬ԸеĪĽһ£һ糺ǵӣ˸ӵˣǵҶĺһ˿ء
ȻҶ̫Ů̫ջ󣬵ڴϵḶ̌ͻȻ٣о̾붾ҩһԼԼһֱ԰εĸо

Ҷҧһ촽ǿеǬȡһƷʲ͵룬ٿأ͸·˽һ˴Ѩλϡ
һ̣Ҷ֮йǿ֮һ㵼һ˸У̼ȫѨλ塣
ʱ̸оȫԽԽȣޱȣ֮һУγһɹĵȫ͵һؿڣС˫ȻһƬ
ңҺȣҺܡ
Ȼҧ촽Ƿ߽ȵĽ˴㺹ʪ͸ϵ·ϡ

Ҷһֱűģǰ˵һĻǸеСȣ鲻Խһĭ
ŵ㣬Ĺ̿еܣͦȥ彫޷
Ҷһס궯ģ۾֮뽿һ˴ѨλУ塣
ڽ̸оȫëë棬ÿһ䶯ĸоץʱҶóݳʮ棬³𣬽ڻĻҺڽ˽С
ʱ̸оԼ·ȼһ㣬ȵĸоܣȫƤһƬһͦεı͸ˮң̲סҪҧһڡ
סͦѵʱ̾ͺˡ
Ҷͷˮס˽̵֫Ҷ
糾ҺܣҿֲסˣҲˡ̼ʹİ
û뵽ʹ࣬ٸһѡû
ȻʹľҶûͣΪʱͣոеŬ׷ѣѹḶ̌´ξٻ塣
ʱڽʹһһڽܵȥʶԽԽģʱҶоһǿɫĽ
ŵ
ʱ죬Ҷ罫޻õǿţʮĹŵ˳
ȻŹŵļֵȹŵϹȡҶԽ̵ȤһԼܵõܶĺô
ŵ㣬ڵϾܼˣ
Ҷ翴ɫɷףС΢ţȵĽһŤḶ̌һ³ڻŹŵҩ͸ѵһ˸뵽˽С

ĹŵҩȫӿȫѨλУ˳ʹֱӽ˹ȥ
ε˲䣬忪ʼѣһǿ˳ԽԽǿ
ڣҶ£ŵҩȫڽѨУ塣
ԵĽҲʼɱ䡣


1102 
ڳɹˣ
Žı仯Ҷ糤һѨλϵһ˸룬ԵıӣڸסˣѪŵӣһػ
塭̡
ŻеḶ̌Ҷ뵽˼С
ȻԼһ꽻뽿һǿ壬ʱƱػʵķԾ
꽻˫죬һ彻ڣһ꽻ڡ
뽿̲ûκθһͽ꽻ڣƱϵľ
УԴ뿪Ҷͷӡסģһ׷ϴʵڲӰ֮ġ
ʥƼϵҪܴʥƼϵҩƳͻƵʥ磬ҶоԼսʮ
һһɣ
˼һᣬҶ̾Ϣһȥ룬Լչ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ã̳ؽëᶶһ£ڻˡ
ѣ̵ʵ;˫˫һ磬ʵﵽļս޻ʣﵽս޻ʾ硣
⻹ոѣһھǱʵ꾳罫ʵķԾڶ½֮ۡ
̣оô
Ž΢΢Щ԰ף͸֮Ҷʵ
лл糾ллҾ壬ڸоǳáոջУлһ״л̻ؿҶ磬
лҶ۾һ
糾ѧҴڸ㡣
Ȼл漰ϵĴܣΪ˸лҶĶ飬ڸҶ硣
ģ
ܾ壬㣬֪Ϊң㻹ķ˴֮ҧһ촽˵Ҵ㴫лǰӦ¡
ʲô£
Ҷ翴ŽƯʵ
һҴĻ㲻ôڸˣ˵ܡ
ãҴӦ㣡Ҷ˵ͷԥ˵
ڶڻûãҲΥĵ£һ
ãպΪ¡Ҷ˼һ£ǵͷӦˡ
Ҿ֪Ӧ¶һ˿˵ЦݵոԺгֵĻΪһоؾ磬£ɲ𡣡
˵ţ̽ĴлޱشڸҶ硣

˽̿ھҶˡ
û뵽ⲻ˵İԵȻܽľ硣
ӵ˲˶꽻ڵΣҶ簵һ
ʱˣȥúϢɣһҴ
Ϊ˸м̽ĲڸԼҶڣںƬõ鴫ڸ
ġ
۾һ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ѧҶԼһȡúóɼ
ǵ粻Ҫң˵ı⣡һϲḶ̌Ҷ뿪Ц
İɣһ׼Ÿٵظ֤
ţǶ˶һͻȻЦˣϵҲһˡ
뿪Ҷݲһر仯ꡣ
ڼתԣݳһر仯ʱҶоԼ꺣гһ޴ḥ̂붯γ˿µŤֱ֮ӱꡣ
ʱһ޷ݵʹҶ꺣Ҷһ˺ѣԴĸо
ԣݣ
ȻҶ۵ȥΪ˴ﵽֱӵĴЧ꣬ҧأ˵ݲתḥ̂ꡣ
֣һҪס
Ҷҧ߾ȫرһ˿ѣŬԼʹȥ
أʱȥ˰ʱ
ͣ
Ҷ缴ֲס֮ʱֹͣݲ붯ĥҲ֮ʧҲһ̣˹ȥ
峿͵ӳڵķ䣬еҶ绽ˡ
ң׳ô࣡
Ҷо仯ʱ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
Ȼ۵ȥôҲԣ׳˽һɣٶȴԤϡ
סеļĬĬ޸֧ʱһ΢
ɫ޳ȹںٰĳɢ˫磬ϸ͸ʵ˫γǿҵķɢĽķС
糾Ĳɡ
΢΢̣ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ҷ磬Цݵ
磡
̣ҹ𣿡
Ҷо仯֪ǷԼһʹ
ˣ̵˵ͷ˵ҹʱԺгһ޴ḥ̂ĥÿתһܣҵɳˮĸоر
ĻȻֻʺ屾Ҫ걻ĥʹҶɵĽ̵ơ
̣ãھʹĵⵤʦ㲻⴫ˡ
Ҷʾ⽿Լ棬Ķ
İɣҲ˵ܣҲ˵ġգ۾ЩƤ˵
۾ҪҽУ飬ӡУļ䡣
˵ţҶԼݣкӡڽ֮С


1103 ĸо
⣬ⵤлʥС
ϸϸһҶӡĵк飬뵽״̬
оҶ紫飬ûܻ۳
Ҷ紫ʥиӵлһЩϹΪ֮ۺʥ
סܣҪҴ
Ҷ翴żز˫岨ļƽḶ̌΢΢һЦ˵
֪Ҿ˵ģ̵˵ͷ˫ˮؿҶ磬֤
ˣ𼤶ˣҴĵʲôңҸ𡣡Ҷʵ
š
̵˵ͷסĵļʼںӡĵк͵顣
ڽ̲͸ʱҶ罫Ѫȴ޷¯˳ḧ¯深ܵơ
¯ǼƷʥ¯е̫ˡ
Ҷ縧¯ʱԼ͸¯У͸¯зµʥơ
֮뵽͸¯еʥƣ볢ʥƳԽ½޵ʥû
ʥƵǿ󳬳Բ͸ʱȻеޱȵĳ͸һᣬǸеԺгһ˿ѣΡ
꾳粻
ԺгѣθУҶ̾Ϣһòֹͣ͸
͸ޱȣҪʥƸӲܣ֮£Ҷ粻òžʹݲ
ڲת£ĥֳҶ꺣У붯꣬ꡣ
ʱʹĸо꺣в걻ĥ붯֧飬׵شꡣ
磬糾ôˣ
͸һӡԺеĵ۾Ҷ߿Ѫģʱһŵʵ
û£Ҹո㴫ҵĲ
Ҷ³һֹͣݲɫ΢΢Щ԰׵˵
ôᣬʱô̲ʵ
己ܵĻȻᷴ㡣Ҷһ߿Ѫˮ˵ʹһܡ
Ҫʹ࣡ĿؿҶ磬˵
꽻
Ҷ翴Žοˣ͸űḶ̌һڵ
ǻ꽻
ҶԼ˼æ˵糺˲ŻĶˡ
ֻץ֣С
ԭ
Ž̺ߵģҶӣЩε˵
ãԣ
ȻҶӵһŲ֮ģ־ˣ̫ʹ࣬ҶҲ£ǣỬС֣׼¡

һŬԺеһڽҶС
ںʱҶͥѨе֮ͻȻٴ֮໥ںϣ塣
أǶ˸о˴˼ںһƮƮɵĸо
ĸоУҶݲγĥĥꡣ
ȻĥĹȻʹ࣬ڽ£Ҷʹвϵ½ܷΧڡ
֮ڵԽԽףҲȫУѡ
оȫϴһ㣬ĸоУ嶼ҪڻǱǱ꺣вḥ̂ɱꡣ
ڲ֪䣬˵ֽץһ˫˫飬ޱںϣֱ˴ˡ
״̬֪˶ãҶͽ̵ͬʱһǶ˫˫꣬˳о
Ȼողǻ꽻ȴƻ꽻ΪڸոĸоУ˳Ļޱںϣﵽϡ
ղĶ˶ûж˵ʲô̵ȴˣĿˮĶˡ
ĸо꣬Ҷ翪ʼΪ̽ⵤһЩɬѶĵط
Ϊ׵յУҶ绹һһ߽⡣
ܿ죬ˣں˴֪ʶζĽ̲ò뿪صԼУڻͨѧ
뿪Ҷڲꡣ
Ƕ˴һĬÿ콿Ҷ緿Уǣ꣬һͬоɬѶĵ
Ϊ̶ԵоҲڽУҶҲջܶ࣬衣
Ҷͽÿһûֹ
ҶǱȷʵԼŮ
ܿ죬¶ʱȥˣھʱʱҵҶ磬ҵ˲ĵط


1104 ˲
âȺɽһľ޴ɽɽɽصˣһٲƾ콵£ɽ䡣
ڰâȺɽһڵɽ壬ɲԾɽܣһ¾ɹӵĹŸ
ʱµĹŸвʹİëȻ
һĸһ㣬۾ݽգīɫͷӣһƿīɫҺ壬ǿιһ㣬ϣ˵ŮŮУҩ̼ǵǱǵ
ľ䴦ʮ·ƣŵɪɪԴ˫ȼŮ
ĿǰһĻŵøεѣǿ󣬵ȸӳЩ˵ͽֵԼ
ʱ죬һŮҩ̼ʢʱСǬָƳһʮϢ
Ϣ֮ϣһ׶ߣûҶӵīɫСʺ죬ӣģĹʵ
ۣ
һʹధŮʢīɫСͻȻչһ罣辣̽壬ڵѪҺ
գ֮䣬˱īɫС˸ɣ
ţʵҪˡ
īɫСɾѪҺŹʵøӺޣ¶ײеЦݣĿͶ˶ڽ䣬ΪʮŮŮ
׼ʼʩҩ̼ǵʵϡ
Ҫ㲻ҪңֻҪ㲻ɱңԸΪκ¡
һ·ƣ¶˿˿ŮӿŸһ߽ŵÿ˳ĵ
Ȼ·ƣͷңȻòġ
òģȫӣ¶ײеЦݣݵֱ֣ӿסŮӵĲӣӲӵ
ŮʱصĽͻȻҵĲ
ãˣ
оԼµĽ⵽ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ů˵ϣͽʵīɫСƵǬָУ뿪
ͻȻΪñƣɪɪŮͻȻڵϷԾǿƺݺݵӡؿڡ
ӷӦ죬΢΢һܿŮ͵Ϯһ
һգŮӳʤ׷ϵʩչۻҵĵҪشȡ
ʵ̫ǿɻĹƣ籡ûһֻ㣬ſѪڣҧŮʩչĵˡ
ţȽīɫСսǬָУĮؿϷʵ˵ţ˼û뵽ﻹһ㣡
ȣڣԹԷɣ
иֳһ׺ɫڼףָս޻ʼʵŮӣ˵
ƾССս޻Ҳץңҿǻòͷˣ˾ĲȴЦһ˵
ȷʵץס㣬ץס㡣
ϻıԽԽ죬Ů¶һ˿֮ɫֳһǰ˵
˵֮˰ɣȿ˵˵裬ƲҲµ󷨣̸ʲôץҡ
˵ţȱŮϢĵٵۣٴλһҧŮӡ
콣
ҧŮһʩչ콣ӭȥһ֮콣ӳҪ۵Ĵ顣
κ󶥼⣬£Ůʩչĵ콣޷Ƶ
ն
ƵýڽڰˣŮʩչ콣һС
һ֮ն䣬µĽ⣬ѿؿһ裬ݺݵնڵϡ
ʱ޾ĵ֮ڿռмµŸҵĲ
ǣ
ҶԳ֮ʣŮʩչĵնˣƲɵĵŮӣȫܡ
㱬ĵǽˣһѪ˳˳
콣ھĵλͷ촽Щ˷ܵ˵֪׽ס㣬ȫѪʵϣٽͷھǽϣ˻᲻ܷŭ
˵ţһ٣ŮӣҪǿʵס֮˺ƽƽǰ°ߡ

ʶȵĿ£Ůɫ΢΢һ䣬ٻĻȵ壬ȡʱ䡣
ƣ
һƷȼ̻ƵڽɫսڲУߺһڽսƷ·𸴻һ㣬ս֮ıˡ
飡
ŮӺһţһɢŽ⣬شʮӷ˲ȡ
ȵʵ̫£׿ס飬Ůӣʩչܡ
ŲŮ֮ļ˸ӵĿ־壬ɪɪһ۾з͸һ˿˷ܵ⡣
ۣ
һնʮص飬һӡŮӵؿϣӡ˳ȥҴ˹Ÿˤ档
ԹԸ߰ɣ
¶һ˿ײ֮ɫһץҪЮߡ
ؼʱŮӼһöһѪγһɫ֣סԼӲӲֵס˲ץĴ֡
գöɵֵ˾ֵĹ


1105 ȫѹ
û뵽㻹ȱıҲȲ
ɫֵķѿͣ¶һڶĵĻ
һ̣һöɫһֻĹӡ壬£ϱ󣬷ݺݵӡɫϣƻ
ˣ
⵽ӡγ˴ƣӡ͸ĿɫӲѹñΡ
ŵ
͸ɫָӡŮɫ䣬һԼֶαƣԲȵײоŹ
Ѿû·ֻ󣬾߲ȣԲȵײУԼһᱻĥ
ӡƣ
ʱȣҲû˷ʱ䣬һ֮ͼֳ壬й֮ע뵽ӡУӡɫ֣
Ůĵ뵽˵͹ȣһ̺綾ҩ躬УƴһʱҲĽͻȻѿһѺۣһģӰˡ
˺ƽƳ֣˲ȣɫ΢䣬о֮ʵʱܵͷ
ģССļս޻Ҳңǻòͷˣ
ŤͷڰУɫۣͦεӰ۾ɱ⻯һֻץȥҪץ顣
ಣ
һĿĽɫӰзѳŴ̶ƿһƲ磬һ˺˲۵ĵ֡
š
üͷһƣû뵽Լ۵ĵ֣һļս޻˺ѣ¶˲֮ɫ
˼û뵽㻹һš¶һڶĵĻɱ㣬ʵϡ
ƾ˾ʵҲɱң̫ˣ
һǿĽɢʱһʵ񽣣ΣϢ
ͻȻֵİӣǱˣǸṩϢǧҶ硣
Ҷɢ޵н⣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ᵽһ˿ΣյϢæٻӡ
Ѫȼգ
˾ĲȣҶ粻Ҵ⣬ϵȼѪռй֮ڽ壬ʵ
һ̣ƷУһƿգᴩһƲǣһ˲ȡ

ͫһֳƷڽսӭڽսУ쵶âأݹ䡣
һܿƵľ챬ը֮ը졣
µĻγ˵ҶͲ˫˫ûУƻ塣
ʱȳŻ֮ϴڽսںһ𣬻һնѵصľУ֯Źİ֮նҶ磬Ҫն롣
ħѪȼգ
ܵһĿ£ֱ۷Ҷԥȼ˵ڶѪֱֳȫӭ
ͭ꣬ڣ
Ϊ˿ƲֲһҶͭڽ˱У̶˱ĹһµĽâ¶ƴն˲ʩչĴɱϡ
䣡
󹥻ڰмҶԳʱγ˿µƣգһʱռ뵽֮С
ҶȻʵԶԶȣȴԶʤڲȣǿ壬Ź֮Ҷںһڻҿռд̳һ
һ̳òᵽŨŨΣոоԥӡǰֵҶһ
Ǭ󣡡
ӡ˲䣬ʮǬҶ壬£ݻĽ󣬽УĽɱ
Ľâк£ÿһⶼնɽϾӣȴ˼ѹ
ҶǬ󹥻˲䣬ԻǿĴ֮ԹڤɣŲȵ꣬ΪǱ
ģСӵʲô
ȻҶʵԶԶȷ֣ҶֶβЩֶΣȻԼƵأΪջ
֮
Ǭʹ֮ȫƣʩչǿĵƣݵ岻Ϸ仯һ׶ߣȫҫã趯ɭ׵ĹǴ̣Ҫ˺Ǭ
ڲȱ仯ɹ֮ӲǬ˺ѿһȱʱҶԾ𣬽֮ͼͼеͼֳ塣
ʲôͼôܣļս޻ʾʵôͼ
ĿҶͼһĻˣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
Ҳ۳һͼ⻹ϴתʱġ
Ʒʣ۵֮ͼԶԶҶ۵ͼ
Ž裬ͨ£
ڲ֮ʣҶʩչ˴ɱУһ̳ӴĴ֮쳹ʣͼͬʱйޱߵĵ⣬ͭһڽС
һһ񷣬һ̴޵·ʱһжһС
ͣ
֮ܵӰ죬Ӧһ˿ٻĲδܿҶʩչĹŽ裬һ˷˰׹ؿڣǱµĽնɣˤԶ
仯Ĺ֮ǿһԽź֮롣


1106 ɱ
̫̫ǿˣֻļս޻ʾ磿
ɫеŮӣĿҶһشȵһĻ뵽״̬С
˵Ҷչ¶ʵս޻ʾ֪֪ս޻ʾ֣ҲʵԽܵĿܡ
Ѫȼգ
㱻Ҷһȫŭ˲ȣϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮޸ŹǺˣǱ
ӡ𣡡
ŵӡھѪӡϵرͷųޱߵѹҶ硣
ȸŷǣͷӡѹ
ӡҶٻŵӭӡŵ֮ѹӡ
ʲôŵĿҶһٻŵòӲѵĳһĻӡ
뵽Ȳη֮ģ⣬ҪѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء

ڲҪͻΧʱҶ̤ͻȻǰҶʩչͨԽţһؿڡ
ˣ
ҵղһ£µİԽ֮붯յɽ֮㣬һ̤ϣ̤˿ƷĹź̤ɣơ
Ѫݣ
ƼأȸӵĿ־壬˽ţȼѪҪܡ
ѣ
ʱҶͷŵشһ֮Уһ꺣вǿѣθС
Ȼǿ˲Ϣ֮ͻָѣݵͣ٣ҶŴס
ҹ
Ҷ·ȫѪƵĲײȥҪԵʵײҶ磬뿪Ƿ֮ء
㣡
ҶȫڽһɺɽգֵײĲȡ
䣡
ʵʵײһһ졣
һ̣ҶԺȫĲȴҶ籬ĳڽýڽڰˣֱӽײص״̬
ôܣһѵˣһֻʥޣ
ȲһѪĻˡ
޷ţԼᱻһļս޻ʸִƣ뵽֮С
ڤ
֮ʱҶݵ£µĴ֮˹ڤ֮ϯʮأ˲ȡ
Ҷȫݹڤ£ǳȻ֮ɫ֮ϵعȵ壬еͷʹѡ
ˮΣ
ȷ쳤Х֮ͼӵ£һֻںˮεľ㣬ſѪҧҶ硣
һֽն
Ҷͫһ֮ͼûľ㣬һ̳ͭӵ£Ϊ֮ʱն·˴ҡ
ڵʯҶ̳һֽâ˺˵⾨㣬Ĵ˲ȵؿڡ
ڲԵʵյܿһֽնʱҶһͻȻͷһ̤ѹﰧԽ֮أ
䣡
ٴαҶʩչͨԽ̤Уֱҽ˲Ѻ۵ĵزУѪܿƵð
ӡ֣
˵ĲȽȫѪȫע뵽ӡУӡ仯һֵͷҶ磬һ
ͼգ
ӰʱҶ˾ͼͷǿĵͻע뵽ͼУ˾ͼеĿռ䣬ֱӽӰս˾ͼУƾ֮齫ѹˡ
ʥʥ
оŵӡͼѹȫȷҶͷžĹͼһʥ
Ҷ粻ʥͽԼƵأٶʥоҶɱġ
ӰѪݣ
һҧʩչֶΣͻȻԼ壬ѪӰȥ
֮ӹ׷ɱһֶΡ
ֻӰѪݶ̫ÿÿʩչҪܳһʱָܻԲ򲻵ѣԸʩչ
ʩչһֶοƭܶˣԼ£ıȴ޴ݲء
Ž裬ͨ£
˲ȵҶٴʩչɱС
һͭӵ£Ŵ֮°ĽâӡŷܵĴӡǣһеݺݵն˲ȵϡ
Žйѹ˲ȵ壬޴ʹ˹ȥ
֮ͼ
Ҷ̤ʱĲԱ֮ͼγǿ֮ҪҶˣԼȡһ˿Ļᡣ
κҶ̫ǿƷס֮ͼԱ֮
һ̣ħƳ壬צ˲֮ϣá
һɣ
ĲȷŭҪԱΪҶͬھ
Ҷٶ̫죬һֱӸԴѪϲ罦


1107 ԭ
лл¾֮û
ҶɱȣʱҶʵסĻ˱֣ηؿһۣм˵
ʱٺʮŮŮ֧飬ݵĹŸ˳ˢˢĹ˵ϣмҶľ֮
ѳٵ뿪ɣ
Ҷ翴һò˫볤ü͸ϣӢˬоĻţԼʮսսڵϵŮŮ˵
лллл
˵ûҶ֣˶ⲼȵĶ֣ĥΪʵϣҶǵڶǸм㡣
һ͸ɡ
ʱһĿݣͷߵҶǰһţ³һɢŵ׹⣬ƲƵʯͷݸҶ硣
ҶĿⱻŵʯʱͻȻʯͷγǿ֮ҶԺС
һ̣ӷ·һˣʩչһֱֹͨӶ뵽һռڣҪҶڻеĲǬָߡ
ţôûˣ
ӵָ͸ռ䣬ĳҶ绳ʱֲȵﲻˡ
ԭ㣡
⵽㣬ͽǬָתƵǬеҶ磬ͨͷʩչͨϳݡ
Ҫ߲֮ˣŴ졣
ȡʧܣ¶ݵûоôѸٽٶ۷壬ܿҶץĴ֣Լٶȷ˽ơ
ѣ
Ҷ粻ܵĻᣬǿγѣ֮ݺݵغУҪӻٶȡ
̫⣬⵽ҶʩչѣȻһ˿Ӱ죬ֱӳҶ
Ǭ󣬸
˲䣬ҶʮǬγµĽסգҪС
ʱͻȻʩչһֹͨٶȣԳԽǬ֮ٶȷ˳ȥڽƱԵ
ڤ
һʧܣҶԼݣγĴ֮ݻŹڤ֮ٴιꡣ
Ȼǿ꣬סѣȴ޷ֵ֮ݻĹڤ
޴ʹԺвķӦٶȳһ˿ٻ
ͼգ
ץסᣬҶƾͼͷųǿ죬ҪͼУŴ֮ѹ
ץң±Ӱɣ
סʹͻȻһǵ֮ȴȵ֮ӵǿ
£ΧһƬյشͼͷŵ֮ȫסˡ
ͭ꣬ƣ
ҶͫһͭԺһƲǣ̴Χյش塣
ͭ깥ٶ̫죬˷ʤ˺һؽۣѪ˳
޷
оͭĹɫ΢΢һ䣬ٻַܼĹŵ޷仯һֻĹޣֵ֮סͭꡣ
һ̣ٻۣͭݺݵײ˲ǰĽƣ֮Ӳײһ󶴣˳ȥ
֣
ԦͭɱΧʱҶ̤׷۳һֻ֣һץס˼ٷɳ۵ۡ
̺ʵֲ̫һٷɳ۵۾ͷҶ۵֣ԼٶâȺɽȥܿʧ
ֶʵ̫ˣҪץ̫ˡ
żԦ֮ͭزز죬Ҷ̾ϢһЩε˵
ڲȵûбߣȻҪжʵ졣
ӣ֪˭
ҶѣһʥͭȱһαסײĽƣ˼Ҷߣʵ
ʱŵҲˣһˣǱãҶ緢ͻųƾڶ񲶵Ĺ׷硣
ǾͨҪҶƳһ۹׷磬˵
ʲôüͷһƣԾ˵ôģˡ
׷üͷһ壬뵽ĳ裬ɫ쳣ѿ
ֶβǧ򻯣ϸ𣬵֪ŮҶ絭˵ˣˣҲ뿪ɡ
ȵȣ֪ӿɷ֪ݣպ󱨴ӵľ֮ſҶҪߣס˵
֮Ͷѣﲻ̫⣡
˵꣬Ҷûκˮ΢΢һһӰʧɽС


1108 ʶŮ
ǣһɽĳǳأǳ˲ԴͦεӣԶԶȥһƬɫĺʮƯ
ǳ˾ɫˣһСĽ׳ǳأÿ춼дԴǣŴҪı
ǿĽֵϣ洦ɼʵ츳˵ߣлкܶʦʦӰ
˳ɱȣʵҶû춼ǣǡ
֮ǣΪ뿪âɽʱо˸Լ
еֻһǾ졣
죬Ϊ׽ס㣬ȻһǾͱҲˣ
ǿĽֵϣҶǿԼ뵽ǣ۾вɵ͸һ˿֮ɫ
ֶξˣҪ׽סףҪúòһ
¥
ţһȫɹľɣ͸Ź׾֮һе¥ӡ뵽Ҷ
һ۸¥ϵңҶ߽ƮŨŨҩζЩ¥йҩݡ
λӣ֪ʲôݵҩݣ
Ҷո߽¥һСӣ˾оĵǰʮֿѯʵ
ϵҩݣҶ絭˵
ӣ룬ȥ¥һҩʦ빫̸
۾һ´һȲҶ磬¶һЦؽҶ뵽˰ٲ¥¥Уܿ죬һɫȹӵһͷīɫ촽һŻ棬̴Ůӳˡ
˵Ҫҩݣ֪ļ֣
ŮΪҶ絹һʮĲˮʮŵĶ棬޳˫Ƚһʵ
ѲݣݣȪ񣬻ĹݣԽԽãѲݣʮϵģ֪¥𣿡Ҷһ裬˵
ӣѲﱾֵͺܸߣʮѲݼֵڸƷʵƷ
۾һһ۴ݵƷҶ磬Ỻ˵
֪ҪݣԸ߼գҶ˵ͷƴֵ˵
Ҫҩݣ¥УѲݳ˰꣬Ĺ꣬ҪǶҪ˰Ʒ꾧Ůһ˵
ɽ
Ҷ¶˵Цݣԥ˵
ӹȻǺˬ֮ˣȥȡȥŮϵЦݸŨˣɫ˵˵
⣬¥׬ܴһʡ
ʱҶڷŮӹ뿪¥ɨһ¥һֵĲᣬ¶ѰζЦݣ뿪ˡ
Ϧ£УӲӵһƬһԴƯĽɴ
Ҷ续ιһɫԽԽʱ¥װ޵ļɫӰ¥С
ո߽ݺƮŨŨ֬Ӱ¥һŴɫȹ͸ˮң˺޲ҧһڵŮҡҷԸе֫˹ʮ˵ӺϣǲǵһӰ¥
ţӰ¥˫ϣҪʧҶ翴źȹŮŨױĨʧĵӣ˵
İɹӣӰ¥˼ã֤ùÿģֲ˼񣬲뿪ȹŮӷһЦݣĲδ˷ġ
Ұһż䣬ϼҼƯĹҺȾƣ
ҶǬָһżֵƵҹ飬˺ȹŮУ˵
룬ƣŮϵ
ȹŮû뵽Ҷ˵£ʱĻŭţʮԽƮŵһӦȫǽһ껭᷿С
һṦʮɫɴȹͿױƤ·ţ̰֬Ĳκ޸ɢŵĽŮ߽᷿УһſվҶǰ
ʮŮӱԸ˵ټֵĴ⣬ɬı޵ķ飬Ϊ֮㵹
ӣǶӰ¥ͷƣ֤ù⡣ȹŮΪҶܵʲôʺá
ţӰ¥Ȼ鴫иãϲŮϵš
˵ţҶ绺վʮ¶Ըмǻӣ޵ŮߣӴսǵ壬һƷζ϶еζǵЩŮ˽Цѡ
ţ㣬㣬ңֵĺãͣ
ҶƷζһʮŮ϶صζָݺݺ࣬ĶˣɢŨŨŮӵ
ʲôȥźӣһҪùÿģ¶ЦݵĺȹŮӽһʣŮ뿪ˡ
ȹŮӵ˸ո뿪һӲߣɫȹϹɬŮþ߽УһڻУһܵҶ磬Ʒϡ
ȵȣ
ȹŮ׼뿪ʱҶͻȻ֣һץס۵µشͨҿҲҹҡ


1109 ץ
ӣңֻһ˲赹ˮŮ˺Ⱦƣ
ϹۣŬҶֵȹŮͨ˵
ӿĸһƷ꾧һҶʮ˵
Ҷ绰䣬ߣɢŨŨ֬Ůӵ۾ʱҶðŻȵĹâ
ӣҰɣĲ۴ۿľܾ
ӣһСŮʲôģǽ㹫Ӻú棬Ǳ֤ùƮƮɣɡ
һŮֱӽҶĸ첲ϣ촽΢ţջʮ˵
Ʒ꾧һ
۴ԽܾҶԽŨץ۴ӵ󣬿ͨҵ񣬲ƴֵ˵
ٰջŮȫˣŮֱ
ӣҡ
Ʒ꾧ҶӼ۵
ҡ
һҶ΢΢һЦָͷ˵һ߽۴ĵ׵ķߡ
壬򣡡
ҶӼۣ۴ɵۣвŮҲɵۣҶ翴һɽ˫ð⡣
ӣĸƷ꾧
۴ҧ촽𾪵ؿҶ磬ҶһǧŴˡ
ֻҪӦһҸƷ꾧ҿȽ꾧㣡
ЩĶ۴ӣҶϵЦݸŨˣ˵
ãҿ㹫һֻһˣ۴ҧһ촽·˼ؾģɫ޵˵
û⣡˵ҶóһǬϵǬʮƷ꾧͸ˣǳȥɣ
ӣ治Ҫǽźˣź˵Ĺ򣬿ɲһëѾͷܱȵģǱ֤ùƮƮɣ
һŮӶݺݵصһۻǺµ۴ӣҡҶĸ첲˵
ҪˣҶЩ͵İ˰ֵʲôƷ꾧ȥҪӰ˱ӵ¡
ǣ
ҶѾ˲پϵǬŭ۴ӣ߳ŭ뿪ˡ
СˣöǬָƷ꾧ˣҸϣ
˵ţҶ绨ֱ֣ӽɫ΢΢ЩӲȹŮԼĻУḧỬС֣һöǬָָϡ
ˣһһö㣬֤ϲ
ҶִǬָóһ£ǶŽߵУ۴ǰ򿪡
ʱһŨŨڽɢֻһ¾ͻȫϸһ̻Ծ
⣬ʲô
ŽмʵʻɫҺ۴鲻Խһ£Ծʵ
ǺöһǮģһξ˾ʢϣԼҶ¶һ˿ЦҪҪԣ֤㲻ҹ
ҰɣҲⶫ
ҶϵЦݣ۴ӲµҺʲôˣŵÿˣæܾ
治ԣҶ绵˵ôߣԣôܰѱźˡ
ԣҲԣ۴ӽҧŷ׵촽İҰɣұ֤ź㡣
ǺðɣǾͿҹıְɣźңҿɲ㡣
˵ţҶֱӽӲɫ΢΢Щ԰ף˵۴ľ³Ľ˴ϡ
ӣΪ½ɣ
۴ҧ촽ֱҶ磬΢΢Щŵ˵
ôż·͵Ҷɡ
ҶӸµؿĲԳƵǣԼȹֵĲΣ̺˵
ӣ㣬˵ʲôأô͵㶫أ
۴ɫ΢΢һ䣬ӭҶ۾˵
Ҿһ˵⣡Ҷ΢΢һЦѸڷвƵҹñӺúÿ˭ɡ
˵ţҶ֣ץ۴ϵ·Ҫ·˺ѵ
ž
һ۴ͻȻ۵С֣ݺݵĵҶץĴ֣˵֪˭
˵أҶ翴ͻȻ÷һ˵۴ӵһϲ¥ᱡ˵𣿡
һжΪң۴һЩҵ·˵Ͽһ˿Ļҡ
ͨˡҶϵЦݸŨˣ˵죬Ǵôҽܲץ㡣
ץң±Ӱɣ
˵ţڹס壬ݱ¶ʩչͨܡ
ʩչͨ˲䣬ͻȻоڵĻٵ½гһ˿ĸо꺣ҲѣΡ
¶ˡоı仯ɫ΢䣬ŭҶ
֪Ϊʲôѡ¥ֵֻнϵڸסƮĶټϸոǺлҰ˰Ʒ꾧ƵĻɢ㹻ڲ֪жˡ
ڣǲǿҿˣҶ翴ɫ죬ٴץ


1110 ܣϣ
ȻҶץĴ֣жȫֻҶĴץסԼ·
һϵ·˺ˣ¶˰ѩļ֣ڰɫǶе˲Ρ
ţ㵽׳ʲôģؼһͿûпڴӦץˣ˺Ͱɡ
ӣ֮˫壬Ҷȷƺɫ죬ʵһŮģµشζ˵
㡭ˣѵһ˸Ȥ㲻ö𣿡۾ŨŨĻ棬ŭҶ磬˵
ϣԭеİôأҶȵ˵ҽѹо£㵽Ů
㣬㲻Ҫ
쿴ҶĴ˹ɫ΢΢һ䣬ץص·
컰䣬ҶĴ־ץסؿڵĳȹϣһصȹӣǶ˺ˡ
Ҫػס˷˫壬һէй
ɾػͦε˫壬¶˵ĹĻȡ
糾ŲҶ֣
콫˫ػأŭҶ磬
㿴ʵҲġҶ̾ϢһոֺֻʹԵķӦϵҼ飬еʱĲܴԿơ
㡭
챻ˣҪ̫Ҷսٻغˡ
죬ǲҿݣҶŭ񣬻˵ܾⲻֿܻһЩ飬磬첲磬ȹ°˺
޳ܡĥ߳ŭ
ޣʱ㲻¶ݣǾͱҲˡҶһԶģ˵Ȼܳòһƺʩǲ㷢ʲô
ãҿ㿴ݣӦңҵݣ㲻˺ңҷߡ
ȫƵҧһ촽ӭҶϷʵ˵
ߣôףҶЦһ㴦ңһ̵ĽѵΪҺǡԹϣҵǿԴӦ˺㡣
ˣʱˣҪʧȥģҶ罫˫۽ǰź޵ҧгݵ죬˵
Ӯˣ
찵ԶΣ޷ڵĶأòЭˣǬָóһƿҩˮһΣ˶ͷϡ
ʱһ֮ӳŭӲϵطű仯ָݡ
ţû뵽㻹һ˹֣
ͬʯһ㣬ɢտâӣü͸һ˿̬µ٣ɢջķۺɫ촽ʮҶ¶˵Цݵ
ǳ˹֣ȫҶǳ˹֣Ĳβϵߵ˵
˺ˣҶ¶ŵЦݣ˵˵˵㣬ֲΪʲôˣϷŮˣѵ㻹ʲôòɡ
ҾϲŮôˣܣݺݵذһҶ磬ݺݵ˵
ԭϲŮ˰ҲǣҪ̽ŮãҶ΢΢̣һԶӡ
㡭
ˣ㼸⣬ʵʵشңұ֤˺㣬ƭңǾͱҶ㲻ҶвĿ˵ôƯĹ治㷢ʲô
ãʰɣ
²òͷɢڶأʩչֻܹͨԹ
ʲô֣
Ҷһӣ棬޹ֵ¶ڿеĴ⣬˵
ܻܲ⣡ҧһ촽˵

컰䣬Ҷ־˺ȹڣ¶˰ϸ覴õ˫ȣסٷϻͲǳȹôˣһὫ·ȫι⣬ʻ
شҵ⣡
ңҾͶ࣬ҵļʮǰͱˣ˫ȣŭҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
ۣжۡ˵ҶЦ٩˵֣׵ġ
糾Ҿ㣬ңҸףһɱ㣡ͻȻŭˣ۾ŨŨĻ棬ŭҶ磬
úãոҲԣ죬Ҷӣ˵Ϊ˱ҵǸ⣬ҸǸӡ
˵ţҶһԵĵӣڸסˣΪ֮ӡ
ˣڶ⣬Ϊʲô֪ôܣ
ΪΪЩʦҵġҧ촽ԥһ˵
ʦ˭ҶʵסòҪƭңҲѻ꣬ȻѻпʧܣʧܵĺӦú㲻ɵϣʵʵش⡣
ʦ͵죬һ͵˼ұشһֱУҶľ棬ĪĲһ£ԹԵ˵
ˣһһ⣬ǲ˿ռ򣡡Ҷӭ۾ͻȻʵ
ˡ
Ҷ绰䣬һ۾ͻȻ¶˲˼֮ɫ
û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼܡ


1111 ܣ£
Ҳ֪ʲôǿռ˵ˣ
ͫһŵؿҶ磬ʸڷϵ
죬֪Ů˵ʲôǾػҿûд
Ȼûش𣬵ԾģҶѾ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬ץ커ص֣⽫
㣬޳ܣûƭ㣬㲻˺ҡ쿹̫ܵ޷Ҷ硣
޳ܣҶһЦҸ㽲ʱˣˣˣȴҪ
죬ǲǻԼĴٲʵǾͱҲˣ
˵ţҶָ⻬Ĵȣ˵ǵɫͨ죬ޱȡ
㣬ôÿռģҶֱҵ۾ݿܵʵ
ǣʦҵģ
оȸоֻһֻСҰèԼģһ£ò̹ס
ǿռ򣡡
ʱΪռΪû뵽½ȻпռĴУ
Ҷںʱ֪ʱ򣬿ռĿ£˵˴֮ȱԴ
ѧռܳΪɱﵣµĿռ֮˾Ϲֶɱ
죬ʽôȥʦ㽫յĿռңҶ罫ϵߣε
ߣƲ㣬ʦǱˣƾèֶΣôʦһŭŰٰĥҶ
ݣ֮飬˵ܾʦ𣿡
ҶǬȡһݣһ֮飬˵
㣬㵽׽Щʲôط
оҶдܣǸղصıԾˡ
ķϻ̫ˣҶ̧۵°ͣӭ۾˵ôԸԸʽס
ãֻҪҽκʦˣҾͽռ򴫸㣡ûҶ۾ҧһ촽
ҪȵõռܣŻҽʦҶҡҡͷݿܵ˵
ⲻܣܾռʦϣֻѧһƤë޷ڸ㡣
Ǿ̸£ˣҶ¶һ˿ЦݣвҪ֪ܾҵ³
Ų㣬ɱҲûãռǵȸܣõĿѧ𣿡
ȻǾͱҶѻˣ
˵ţҶгһƷȼĳޣס챩¶Ŵ壬ҪԵѻꡣ
㣬㲻Ҫ
֪ѻΣԣвʾͻ޷ˣ첻Ҷ֪Լ̫ܣܵ
κΣҶƵĶ̫£ɢȥȫͻѲ޵ĸ
糾ҴˣŹҰɣĻһ˳۽˳Ⱦʪףϵĵûƭ㣬ʦҵĿռ򣬼ƿصһʯУֻеõǿʯѧռ򡣡
ģҶ粻ΪԵ͸Уǿжѻꡣ
šǣӡǣ
Ե͸ʱҶ¶һ˿֮ɫԥһ£ִߡ
糾ֻҪ㲻ѻ꣬ңҿԴӦκεҪҪҵҲԸ⣬㲻Ҫѻ꣬Ҫҵܣ޵滨꣬ϵĵ
ʱŷɥ޲ߵֻһסԼܵС
˱ˣ㼸£Ҷ翴죬˵ЩߵǲǶʦ
ǣ˵
֪ʦʩӡǵ𣿡Ҷ˼һ£ʵ
ܣʦʩӡǣʹҡͷʸڷϵ
Ҳµûдʦ㣬ʵ㣡Ҷ绺˵Уȷʵܻÿռܡ
ܣʦңʩӡǡŭ˵糾ҪѪˡ
ǺãǴôеûӡǡҶ絭˵Ӯˣȥʦˣߡ
ġ컳ɵؿҶ
ϷԣҶ
ãҺģ
뵽͵ĺãʦʩӡǡ
ڲҪһ취ƵԺеӡǣʱ֪ûƭˣ˵ţҶ½ְУԵ͸˽ȥ꺣еӡǡ
⣬ôܣ
ԵظоԼһģӡǣͨӡǱһ㼤ӡǳʦ֮֡
ѵʦңʧأ˺֣飬Ժһʹͷ
Ҫ룬һеƽ꺣еӡ˵
оܲȶҶѵ
꺣еӡǺܿ£ҶԵСʱʱֲսɡ
ˣӦҵĻ˰ɣ
ɹ꺣еӡǣҶ糤һɫɷף˫ۿն죬˵


1112 Ҳƭ
⣬Ϊʲô
Ϊ屻٣͵ΪΨһˣ֪Լһֱп絶޷ʵ
˵ΪʲôҪ
ٴӿ۾Ҷ磬ʵ
նЩ㲻ӦңӦʦ
˵ţҶջ˸ĳ޻ָɣ˵ˣԸķ䣬侲£Ȼȥʦ
ʦѵңһҪҹ¶һ
ҲȥԶȥȥ
ԺһܰĻ棬Щļ䡣
뵽ԼΣյʱ̣͵־ԼΪ˰Լ𣬲ϧսձˣһĻĻ޷ţ͵Լ
ѵпԣԣʦһпԣңӺҡ
˼ȥҲ͵죬еĲ¼ɣеĿУҲȥͱĴֽ
ŻԣҲҪһĻĻܰĻ棬ٿãԼĻȵģϻˣԼµ
죬ѵ벻ˣ
Ҷ粢֪Ҫԣ֪ոյ˼仯˵
糾Ҹոƭ㣬ϷУɱˣҲ㣡ͻȻؿڣڴ˫ַĿЩնؿҶ֪ջҵƽϢŭǾɡ
覴õĻӣԸжԳƵǣûκڱ¶ڿУ΢΢쳣˫壬˻ȣ΢΢˫ȣǳģҶĪĲһ˿ϧ֮ɫ
ˣ㲻ȥͲȥɣҲˣ
ȻԭֶٰԿռŨȤһ̣ͻȻ˺źܶܵ죬һԵĴڸסΪ֮ӡ
ƭ㣬ΥԣӦܵͷ
쿴˺ԶԶϵ˺Ҷ۾͸һ˿һͻȻ˽Ҷ绳У˫ֻס˵޷һǶԴδȾֱָӼѹΡ
죬Ҫˣ
û·Ҷظܵز̣ͦԽԽͲϴڵ£ܵĽӴҶ籾ܵ˷Ӧƿ
糾ողҪôẦˣ΢΢̧ͷոջָһ˿ɵ۾Ҷ磬
죬侲㣬Ҫڵ£ҶץỬ˫
ĶˣʲôҺڡ¶һ˿ɬЦݣն˵
죬㲻־ס˰ɣûʦ㻹мˣѵʦ˻Ҫ𣿡Ҷ翴ҵ죬̾ϢһȰ˵
һʼ뵽ģҲû뵽ԼȰ˵޵ֱ졣
ûмˣʦΨһˣʧȥʦһСӭҶ۾ƽ˵
ûмˡ
ĻҶ֪ΪʲôɱԼ˺Ҳȥˡ
͵Ϊʦˣѡӱܡ
죬Ҫ֪ΪԼΪ˶ʦӡǲþǻ£ҲǶ´ʦġҶ翴ų죬Ȱ˵
糾û뵽㻹һˡҶΪԼԲѣͻȻЦˣٻʮֵƯ糾Ҿ˻ҪŮ˰ɡ

㲻ҪˣҶЩˡ
糾ģֱҶ۾޷ҵҪԣֻŵĲһ˿ůмȥ
糾ҪҰɣŮˣůұģ֪һš
˵ţͻȻỬĸ첲߲Ҷ粱ϣҪͣķʽջҶ硣
죬㲻ҪǻˣҶ㿪콿εͣץϸļ򣬴
糾㣬ǲңҵĳһС͵䲻ţ쿴һپܾԼҶ磬ңҧ촽˵
죬ʵҺĳ࣬ǱģСҶ֪ĸ˭ΪʲôҡҶϧؿ죬̾Ϣһ
ģûƭңɵ˵
ҶʵֶΣֻ½̵Ⱦ
ƭʲôôҶ翴컳ɵеһУǿ˫֣ҵŬģģҪһֽۣ֮ҿ֮ա
Ҷ͸˭İţһʱ䱻ˡ
죬벻뱨𣡡
ŵֻ취һǸůһǾǱ
𡭡
ȻҶ˵ն͸˵ɡ
죬ûȥ͸ҰɣһᾡԼһŬ㱨𡣡
ȻҶ췢˺ܶ಻죬ǱֶҶ˰֮ģһɳܳΪԼұۡ
糾֪ҵĳ˭ҧһ촽˵
ǲǾ
ͨոյĽҶѲµĳҡ
׼ȷ˵Ǿʣ²£쿴Ҷ۾˵
ңҰʣ˾ĴиҶԵ˵
ġ
һЩʵ
ƭңҲƭ㣡Ҷ΢΢һЦŵ
ãΪұҶˡҧŷۺɫ촽¶ģ֣ص˵


1113 ռ
ۡԺһǽɣ
ǿֲҶ¶һ˿͵Цݣ˵
糾ξˣٳЦҵ֣Ĳ㣡ŭҶ磬ľ
ãҶЦЦһڴӦ
ˣ촩·뿪
ʱ̫ˣĳҶǰҶЩԲ
Ҫڱһᣬһᣡҡҡͷٴν§Ҷ磬ϵ£ůԼġ
糾һ£
һᣬȶ̧Դָ˹龫֣ʵ
ʲô£Ҷʵ
㵽ǲˡôһŮ㾹Ȼ޶ԣ滳ȡ⣡˵

Ҫԣ˵ָоɺˣƮƮɣɣ
۾͸һ˿֮ɫ˵ĺ촽ҶߣһЩ˵
ԣ
ҶҲһˣһֱеĻȣеĻðʧصļ
ţԣ˵ͷ¶һ˿֮ɫǲ񴫵ǰ
˵ţ΢΢ſ촽ҧһҶĶʱһҶȫ˲ȼҶ硣
Ҷ粻ڿԼҪϴʱȴ¶һ˿֮ɫһֻɵС㣬ҶߣһһƷʲĽڼ׸ֳ壬ס͹µӡ
Ҿ֪ôƯŮˣһֻӬҲסջ󣬸Ҫ˵һˣڴϣһͷߵҶ磬¶˼ƵóѵЦݵ糾ոıֺ֤ܲ㻹һˡ

Ҿ֪Ҷɬ˵
糾ǲǺҪңӦȢңҾʹ㣡쿴ŬѹлҶ磬¶һ˿
ˣˣ뿪ɣ
ҶһסĵĻ棬ϵ
ˣҸıעˣȲһ𣡡ҡҡͷ˵
ҪȥҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
Ҳ㣡췢һЦݣ˵ģδ֮ǰҲµģһ㷢ʲôأ϶úõػš
ȵȣ㣬⣬Ҿͻһʱ֪Ҷ罫ǰƵһöӦ͸졣
Сʦȥ
ˣϣټ㣬㣬˵㣬ư£Ҳʹ㣡
˵꣬ոɢڶصһٻӰʩչռ򣬶뵽һĹ켣УʧڽƷС
ռ棡״͸Լڷвµؽ뿪ҶͻȻ뵽ɿճ棬뵽ǬС
ɿգ㣬пռ򴫳𣿡
Ҷҵɴ޾Ѫż޽ɿճ棬ʵ
ˣô֪ռģɿճʵ
Ҹո˶ռˣǿĹȤҶ
ռɿճһߵȼĴУҲɿճһܣռ̫£ҵȼ̫ͣУδռ򴫳УֻвֹڿռϢɿճʵ˵
֪ڿռϢңҶĸȤʵ
ռʱ򲢳򣬿ռһΪŴ󾳽磬ֱΪռ켣Ͽռ䣬ռ壬ռԪռ籩ֽӣռڶռ䣬ռ䡣ɿճ
ռ䣬ռ䡭
֪ռŴ󾳽磬Ҷ粻ɵõһǿռ󾳽磬ľ
ǺεȵΰεȵֶΣ޷󣬻ּһռ䣬ִһռ䣬Ǻε׳ĳ
ɿգɱɣȡͻƾż޾磬г˿ռ򴫳Уǵø˵Ҷ綣ָ࣬Ȼ뿪ˡ
ӣҹĻ𣿡
ٽʱ֣Ҷɢ˷еĽƣ뿪ˣʱȺʱĺȹŮ˳¶һ˿Цݵ
ܲģ
ҶӸȹŮһżֵƵҹ飬뿪Ӱ¥
죡
ҶͷһӰ¥¶һ˿Ѱζı飬Ҳû뵽Լᷢչ֡
ǱʶУǺģ챯ҵһ˿ϧҪԼұۡ
뿪ǣҶûٵʱ䣬ٻԽĹ춼Ƿȥ
ʮʱ·Ҷڷɻص춼ǣʱҲȥһ£ʣһ¡


1114 һ
糾ڻˣ
糾͵Ҷصʱľ𣬽ȫڵһʱ֮С
ô糾˳𣿡
кȲҶ磬¶˵Цݣʵ
˳Ҷ˲豭װвͷķдǬȡ˳үǲȵͷ֪ͷֵǮ
㣬ɱ˲ȣ
üͷһƣ񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬˼˵
ȻתûãʵһĲֶ࣬μ࣬ؾ׷ɱȻˡ
򿪺ӣ߿Ѫͷʱȷͷǲɡ
㣬㵽ôģҶ磬뽫
˲ȵĴ⣬ʩչЩֶνɱҶ絭Ľ
糾ָһϲ֪УƻȻ󲨣ŴݲȣŴܵҶ磬¶ӺݵЦݣ˵
үһɱ£үܣҲ̫ע⣡Ҷ
ãңʮʹشӦⲼǾͨͽߣ֤⡣
үͣȫְɣȻһһ룬Ϊ˴˴ĻĵҲ˰ɡ
ҶܺãҲ뱨𣬿˵
ãҾռˣ¶˵ЦݣԽҶԽ⡣
糾仹һʱ䣬̶ú׼ܲܽȫеıˣе
үϣǿɷ֪˴䣬ǷʥʦҶĿǰǰ֪ԼҪмˡ
ʥʦʦĳƺֻҪ£ӵ׼ʥ׼ʥĴܣ֮ܳΪʥʦ
ʥʦĵλ缫ߣӰǾˣϹ֣ҲԸʥʦ
ΪʥʦӰ£кܶϹԸΪЧ͡
˽⣬ҾʥȣԼԹһʥʦǷʥʦҾͲ֪ˣÿʤߣһвľӻ
ϣ֪磬жʥʦ
֪ʥʦҶҲеһ˿ѹҪоϹѺѡ
Ҳ֪жʥʦֻ֪ҾʥʦмʥʦųƵʥ֣Ƶ׼ʥסϸ˵
ף
Ҷüͷһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
׵ĳ֣֤ʥʦƵ׼ʥʥˮ׼˶½ļޣŻ׽л
Ҫұ뽫꣬һβлᣡҶ̾Ϣһѹء
糾ҲˣȥúϢʲôҪᣬǻ߾ȫġ˼Ҷ磬˵
ллүȻȥϢˣҶ˵ͷһɫޣ˵Ḷ̌뿪ˡ
ص䣬ԡ£ϥڴϵϢʱһ΢
Ҷ۾¶˵Цݣɫ黨ȹ续һ㣬ʸŵĽӭС
̣Ҳڵһ£㵤˶٣Ҷ翴Ž޿˵Ḷ̌ʵ
ʦǰҶһһƷȼҩ¯ҩ¯㴫ڵĵƷĳɹʼٷ֮٣ƷĳɹҲ˰ٷ֮ʮ뵽Լͻͽ̲ɵ¶˵Цݡ
һٴӾػշһȫƳƷǰʮҶ¶˵ЦݣԵΪеˡ
Ʒǰʮ
ԭƼƷ£̸󣬿ȴлƳֵȼĵлһˣҶ˸м
糾ۣǼɣɫ糺ؿҶ磬˵㲻ڵһ£ٶ˲١
ãҲĥꡣ
˵ţҶǣỬϸС֣ϥڴϣſ飬
ڶѴĬܿ죬˾ͽ뵽״̬֮ϵںϣ˵Ҳ꺣еḥ̂ĥꡣ
ʱһȥ
ҶͽһϰϣҶڷ
ǳϵ£Ƕ˵ԽԽǿԽԽƷĳɹѾ˾ųɣҶ£ʼƷ
˽ʮ첻ӵĽȽһؾ磬ɱ꣬ﵽ˾˵Ķǵʥ
ҶҲһؾ磬ĥĥ£ʵı仯
ⲻȻǿһأֱӴﵽ˿ȶǵʥĳ̶ȣڶأҵ겻֪ǿ󵽺εȳ̶ȣ
оԼﵽ˶ǵʥҶ¶һ˿֮ɫоԼ꾳磬ȫƴˣټ֮ܿƳ׼ʥ
֮׼ʥԴﵽҩףҪЩоʥʦԶԶ
ֻܼϣھػˣҶһԾػ߲һ˿ڴ


1115 
ʱһȥ
²һʱУҶ뽿̶ڷмϣеľʥС
ɱ䣬Ҷ֮ȫʥˡ
ʥƵİأ˵ڼеУһˡ
糾ʮʱ䣬ǰ̰ɣٽʱʱҶ硣
ã
ǵʥҶǷȱģʵսˡ
ܶʱɼģֻоػеĻ档
߰ɣȥǣ
ٻһۣҶ磬̣ľ𣬶Ŵʦˣ뿪ǣԽĳǳ֮һǷȥ
֮ռӴԴͷ˽֮ܵأΪ֮۲
˵Ϲţռǣ֪˺εֶΣס˻ǡ
ʱռǵͷ
µıǨԽԽӴӻԾţټƿŴԴԼӴʦʦգչΪ˵λȻ
ˣǰǻˣ
Ԧۣھ֮Ϸʱ䣬Խ˺ޱߵĹɽ˻Χ
һ׹䷲ĽɢŶâľʹӡ뵽
վԶĻǣҶ˸е𺳣𺳡
춼ѾҶĳǳˣ춼Ǳȣ֮һûС
Ǿһɽ಻кǵ㣬һϵĹڰ߲ºۼڻУϵĳǳسɫʡ
Χɣͽȥɣ
۽䵽⣬˳һֱĴ·˼ǿӾĻȥ
󣬺ǿĴ󣡡
˳Ⱥ߽ǵ˲䣬Ҷͫ΢ա
ȻۿԻǲһϵĴ£֮ǿҶһָоȫ˵ɱ쾳֡
߰ɣһطţúϢһ£ÿһ磬Ҵȥػߣ
ȻΪһ˾֣ǲھԻҲʮֵĵ͵Ҷǰλڶǣϲۼ֮š
½ĸʵ̫ˣ
½ս޻ʸ־޵еĴڣһս޻ʸ򣬾֮ܳΪʥأڻУضǷǿߣڣĸּٿ
УһЩ¥󣬹Уܼ˲֪Ϲ֣Ҷ粻ɵøпʵ
бҪչһʱ䣬弶ս޻ʾ磬Ȼҵʵ½ȷʵеΣա
ȻҶƾʵɱ˾Ĳȣֻ˾ڸ֣ɢޣʵǵ̣޷ŵȡ
¥ϴҾס滷ʮ£⼸Ǿסɣ
ᳵ·ҶһˣתɫɫĽֵʱλڶǣһƬ֣ŵĿջ
˼λ¥Ѿˣ޷ס£
Ҷһ˸ո߽¥һ˫޻ףŰɫ۵˳Ǹ˵
Ǿ춼ǵ֪ҿס𣿡óһϽɫƣݣ°˵
ô簡
ͻȻһҶ˺һϽɫƳۣ̤ѥͷڣƲСӵӣһ˳ˡ
Ͻӳֵ˲䣬̵˵ɫͬʱˣ۾и¶һĨɱ
ͨ˵ı仯Ҷµ֮ӦĴУ׷ɱ̣ľӺ
Ӻ㲻Ҫ̫⣬̶ĳһ죬һᱨģŭ˵
вңӺ¶һ˿Цݵ㻹ǶΪԼɣôƯôζŮˣҪˣ̫ϧˡ
ӺɵСˣҪǸ˺ĸףҾŹ㣡ŭԼĴˣߵ˵
ϣһвҵġӺ¶һ˿мЦݵСѾͷ֪вҵ³㳤ûˮķϣĸŮԸůҵǿԿǸһ·
㡭
Сͨ죬¡
ӺƣҵҪ˭Ц󣡡ŭƵӺ뵽վˣסеɱ⣬˵Ұżľ᷿ҪһЩ֮˴ҡ
ҳʮļǮǹӺһ˵
㡭
˫ţʱҶĵ˳ȥ


1116 ǲǳԴҩ
λҪ󶯸λ𣡡
ŽŵӺ򣬰һæЦǶԼСд֣Լջ޷ʧ
ߣҲҲԣǸҹжԶԶ
Ӻ΢΢ԴɫˮƲסɱƵ
үҪҾ⼤ŭүúү֣үǧҪмơ
оϵɱԽԽŨľߵĿصؿһ޿֣ҪִӺ򣬴
ǣƽʱǺţܿ𣿺Ҷ㻹ԶʶĸϿҹҪﰭˣӺûµ¶һ˿Цݣŭ
ףҿǲߣǲҸӶůҪ£ȫǣ
վӺһɫ˿ƳۣͦΣòӺмƵ΢΢̣ĿȵؿƯḶ̌˵
վƵӣӺĶܣս޻ʾ磬һӵƷʵʦӺҪڴ˴һˣӺΪ

һСҲҲƲסеŭɱ˲ۣһޱȵĹ⽣Ŵ̶ƿնɫ΢ܡ
㻹ǳˣ
Ӻͫһ˲䵲ǰֱһӣͷŵɱ⽣˵
Ӻ̫ҲƲסеŭ𣬴
ߣȻҪҶӵǾͱҶ㲻ˣ
˵ţӺиֳһֻµӰʵҲһ̽ڽڵµѹľ𣬽̵˴
ְ
Ӻ׼֣սһ֮ʣһɫۣͦθߴ·ǬˣӲǶ֮ĳͻ
Ǭ򣡡
ͻȻ֮ˣӺüͷһû뵽ڹϣĺү֡
ʲô
ӺؿŻ߽Ǭ˵
ôطѵͲǬЦһ˵
ǬȰòҪҾִĺе𣡡
֪ΪΣӺоǬԼòʩѹ
вңǬЦһ˵µľв㲻򿴿ԼʲôУҲ
ģǲǳԴҩˣ
Ӻû뵽Ǭ˲ԼӣԼǰԼû¡
ߺ㻹ңǬüһɣ̤ŻߵӺǰ߸ߵ̧ơ
ߣǬװǻƣңݹ״㣡
Ǭ̧ƣӺ£ǻ㼯˸֣κһƣ̬񻯣ӵĺӺǬҶִ
ž
Ӻ䣬ǰһӰǬͻȻ֣֮ͼֺݺݵسӺϣµĵͼֱ֮ķһƳ˳ȥ
ۣ
ӺֻԼնǬһ飬ڰһŨŨѪֱˤ˿ջص䵽档
һ̣Ǭٴγ֣һˮͰֵ籡壬ɫܵˣǿѪӳ˿ջ
ǬҺû꣡
շ飬ѪӺڵԼӣǬ򹥻ʱζըˣƷ𽣣һȥ
֮ͼ
ӺŭϮǬ۳֮ͼֳ˫ȫӭڿջ⼤
⣬⣬ǬӺг𣿡
໥һۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ûޣڹϣǬðôӺ֣һ֣ȴ鷳
ӺǬʵ൱ոմ֮£ӺǬһƷգ˲ᣬӰս
ڿջ⼤ս˰ʱ䣬ѪԽԽӺ򽥽סǬĹƣڽڵİˡ
໢죡
ƱѹƣӺеܴ裬òٻ˹ŵ໢죬໢עĻٵҡ۳һֻ۶ɵ໢ηĻǬ
ӡͷӡ
Ӻҡ໢ϮǬŵѹơ
Ǭϧע͵£ӡϵر󣬱׹䷲ʯݺݵײ˵໢ϣµֱӽˡ
ŵ
Ӻû뵽Ǭôɫ΢΢һ䣬һѪڽ໢У̶໢ҡ۳ֻ໢ӭ
ӺʲôֶζʹɣȻֽұ⣡ǬХһȫŵ
ŵмҵײռ䲻ϵطķ˸Ĺע
ƣ
Ǭ򱩺һӡͻȻӡ׭֣ݺݵӡֻ໢ϣֱӽֻ໢ˡ
һ̣ǬͷĽ֮ͼٵۣһնѵص񽣣һƿգ˽ڽڰ˵Ӻ
ͣ
㲻Ӻ򱻽֮ͼɵɣֳսױ˺һ޴ȱڣѪ罦˳
ˣ
ǬͫһŵײȥҪ֮ʣɱ


1117 ͼ
ס֣
ͻȻһŭ
һɫۣȲ˫·̺£˫΢΢Щ׵̤ճ֣һ˸ŵ⣬̺ŵͼѪƣݺݵĴӡϡ
䣡
ӡҲһ£һ˺ѵ
ڽ̺ͼ˫ƹ£ӡϱ˺ѣգǬٿصӡӲ˻
үؿѪֹصӺ򣬿ʱ־ԼĽӣһʹүǬ򵨴죬֮ɱңүΪ
ͼ
Ǭջӡɫۣŭѹȸеӣüͷ
վڿջſڹսȴɫ΢䡣
ͼӺĺ̨Ҷץ֮ˣ״ӺĶϳǱͼٰӣղ֮
գո̲סˣӺԻᷴҧһڣͼϳңʱҲ澡ʧܻ⵽ͽ䣬
ͻȻֵͼ˲뵽ӺļıимǬûƻԼԿƲסŭӺںõС
ǬôĵӣҾۼأҾĺү֪ͼ˫ƣŭǬ򣬴ǳ
£Ӻ̫ң˵ʵԶŶ֣ǬջӡĿŲŭͼ˵
㣬Ѫˣʲôʱˣ
Ӻķζըˣû뵽ǬᵹһңԼƣŭ
֤ݣ
ͼüͷ΢΢һ壬˵
У˵󲻴˵ССոӺǬץסѱܻܿһϵк鷳
ߣոʱڳ˶ˣǬһη˵
㣬СˣңӺѪɫ۾ŭǬ򣬺޲ý
ô㻹붯֣ǬƳһۣм˵ʵֻȡ裬ҵǿԳȫ㡣
㡭ۡ
ŭ£ӺѪҡҡ׹һƨڵϡ
ˣұ죡ͼüͷ΢΢һ壬ĿķϣվһԵ˵Ҳ˵˵ոյ龭ɣ
ǣү
˵ͷ򵥵Ľľʱƫ̻Ǭ򣬽Ӻ˵˻ԴͷӺ¡
㿴ˣһģӺһǵѪŭǲѾͶ
ү㶼˰ɣӺ˭ҧ˭ʵڲ
ݣؿһۣʮҵӺЦһ
㡭
ʱӺ͸ǬңںõУԼܴܵ裬ݣû£ץ񣬱Ѫ
죡ٷϻҽ
ͼŭһЩʧȥǵӺؾ
ͼ񣬷ŭӺֻܹԹԱͣҧʡ
ˣȻͼ˼ҳ棬Ҿ͸˼һӣ¾ô˰ɣǬȵ˵̧ߡ
ûеǰ㲻뿪ͼΰǬǰ˵
ôͼҪҶ֣Ǭ΢΢̣޿ֵ˵ҳϲүĶ֣үҪסңҲûôףʱ˸ֻع
ôвң
ͼɫһؾϢɢϢ֮ǿǬӶ
вңֻڳµĺǬһͼͷŵĿƣ˵
ͼЦһ۾ɱʢƾһССĺүҲ̸
ȷǬû֤ݣڳжǾˣͼ׷ҪǬһĽѵ֮
˵ţͼһ̽ĵߣٵػ㼯γһֻ̺ͼ֣ϢѹȸУӡǬҪѹ
ӡͷӡֵ
ͼӡĴ̺żµĻ֮Ǭɫ΢΢һ䣬ŵеֵ
ӡӴ˲䣬Ϊ֮ɫµüޱȵնŤ
ۣ
˾ؾ֮ʵأɽӿµķ֮ǬһһѪ
ͼѵҪս𣿡
Ǭû뵽ͼ˵Ŀ£Լŵֵסĵ֣
֪СȣͼɱҾĺүҵҪ˭ͼΪһ̽۳һֻµ֣һɽһѹ
Ǭҵţүס㣬һַĥ㣬Ҫ֪ҵ³Ҫϣ
˼أһ˵Ӻ¶һ˿֮ɫͼݺݵؽѵ
ۿǬͼӡĵѹͻȻһɹĴ֣סǬ
һ̣ڿµĵӡǰǬʧԭء
ͻһĻڳˡ


1118 ̵
أǬȥˣ
ŹʧǰǬӺɴ˫ۣ¶˻ģ޷Ǭͼǰݵѡ
ռ䱦˭ҳ
ʶͼ˲뵽Ǭʧԭһǿ꺣б˷Բռ䣬һп֮ˡ
Ǭ类Ҷս壬ͼεѰ޷ӦǬĴڡ
壬ոյ׷ʲôˡ
ʱһɫ޳ȹʸţü£ǣ֮使޶ˣһˮڵŮͬ£˹öʵ
ոﵷңӺˡͼüͷ˵
ΪڸǬ򣬵ǿ긲ܣδֿ֮ˣ΢΢ЩԾ
ѵǬһ쾳֣˴ָʹͼԺͷо̬Щء
Բүƽүˡ
Ӻüͷ壬ɫԽԽͼһ˲棬
ƽ͸˵¶ˡͼһۻֵ̿ӺؽѵﲻҾһпʵ˵ûʵֻȡ衣
ƽ֪ˣԺ󲻻ˣ
ȻӺץ񣬺ɱйߣͼǰΣϥ˵
ǣﶼʵ㣬ǲˣûܾǣͼһԼ߳ջվһߵľ֣ѵ
ѵһ˼ͼʸ߹ȹŮ뿪ˡ
ߣ
ͼ뿪ˣ澡ʧӺҲûôŭһ¶ЦݵŻڣ˲ܵˣǱ뿪ˡ
үҵһȥתת
һлָƽҶ˳סºҶҵҪ㶫Աʱ֮衣
糾ǸոպӺͻʱȥܻΣաЩĵ˵
İɺү˲ңҶ΢΢һЦŵ˵
ĸףҲȥ䣬𣿡ʱ̴᷿˳һҶ磬ɫ޵˵
ðɣǾͽǰɣ뵽ҶȶնɱˣԷģǲͬһط̫࣬̣ǧҪ¡
İɺүǻעģ
˵꣬Ҷͽ̽뿪ˡ
̫Ҷ̫İҲǵһһι䣬һߴĵط
ڣһ·ҶһʱԶԶǰһ׶ߣɢŵ⣬޽ļݻĹڡ
䱦¥ǽȥ䣡
ŹڴҵңɢĹ׾֮Ҷͽ̲˽ȥ
ڽ̫ʳ߽䱦¥ʱһ˫˫ȵ񣬿ЩȻ
̣ǣ͵һẔ̌ЩڣҶ΢΢һЦ
ͣ
һЦһЦǣòһ̶ˡ
ߣȥ䣡
һ¥ӣҶûоô˳һľƵĽݣŽ䱦¥¥ȥ
ƣ
ߵ䱦¥¥ʱҶ翴ſڷӡһǿĽơ
ûһʵ䱦¥¥
Ȼ䱦¥¥ףҶûӰ죬һ֮ͼֳ壬йĽ֮ƣֱ˺ڽƣŽ߽ƮŨŨԼٵ䱦¥¥
ҶҲûͣ˳Žǰ䱦¥¥˺ѽƣֵ¥
ǿĽƣʸ䱦¥¥ģӵս޻ʾʵ
о䱦¥¥Ҷ粻̫ҡȥ䱦¥¥ͷ׼һһЩ֮
ӣС㣬ʲô԰ﵽǵ𣿡
䱦¥¥ͣһᣬһɫźۣȰ͹£Ϳױɢ֬Ůӻ˹¶˵Цݣö˵
һһЩƷ쾧֪𣿡
ǵĸʵ̫࣬ΪӦʱֵܳΣգҶ׼һһЩƷ쾧ܣԱʱ֮衣
Ʒ쾧Ů΢΢һЦܵƷ쾧ʮϡ٣ֵߣֻһÿƷ쾧ҪһƷƷܶһ֪Ҫţ
ʮŰɣҶ˼һ£ƴֵ˵
ӣС㣬
ҶҪһʮƷ쾧ŮϵЦݸŨˣһľż䣬ΪǶ˵衣
ӣɷҼ¹ӵĶһ֮Ůöʵź
ԣ
Ҷǰڻɱ˲֣˴ƷѡʮõƷݸŮӡ
糾ôôƷ
ҶǰһƷʲ͵Ʒ̵ɴ˫ۣԾʵ
ģ
ҶŽգһ۾
ʮƷƷʲ䱦¥͹Ӷһˡ
һһҶóʮƷŮ¶ЦݣӣСԵƬ̣ȥȡƷ쾧
ȵȣƷ쾧𣿡Ҷ纰סʵ
Ӽ£쾧缫ϡ٣Ʒ쾧ҲֻһÿƷԶһƷ쾧ÿƷԶһһƷ쾧ŮĽܵ
ãҶһʮƷ쾧
ҶóƷƷŮӡ
һṦŮʮƷ쾧ʮƷ쾧Ҷ˽ס
Ը׵쾧ҶŮĽ£˼Ʒʲݣʮ漫Ʒ죬͸һƷȼĻ
ʥƼϵζҩ̫ϡ٣䱦¥ûС
ŮԹ£ҶϹЦݣϲ̵Ľ뿪ˡ


1119 ɱ˾
糾ˣǻȥɣ
ιһǣ鲻Ľ̿ҶǷӣʵ
ȥ䣡
Ҷ۾һ⣬˵
ðǾȥ⣡ʮܺҶһʱ⣬ûж룬ȥ
ʵ̫ˣǶߵʱɫѺڣķǵ׺ǿУʮֵƯ
糾ȥǱ߿ôСʱϲˡ
ָŻǽһƯСɽ²
̣һ£ȥȥ
˵꣬Ҷ΢΢һǰԶһŨܵС
ܿ죬ֳ使޵ʻִ˳һ㣬¹ӳ£ԽĽߣʻ͸Զ˵Сɽȥ
ˡ
Ƕ˸ոߵСɽϣҵһ⻬ʯʯõ췱ǣʱ⣬һ֮ͻȻ
һ̣һǿĽƸҶͽΧĿռ䣬˽С
Ǻ˰ôܵǣ
һɫƳۣҡһŮȣ¶ŲЦݵӣʵףս޻ʾڸС
ӣǸո䱦¥̾òԵߵһˡ
ʲôˣҪʲô
Ҷȵ˵΢΢ЩŵĽ̵
ʲô㻹ֻ֪Ҫ֪ӿŮˣŮĿȵؿŽ̽˫ӣʮ˵
㣬ǲҪǾҪ˺ǣŹ㡣źʵǿԼݱ
ϣû뵽ͷС΢̣Ϸʵ˵湻㣬һڱߣٵŮˣڿˣҲ
˵𣿡ʱƾֵҶͻȻǱһˣ¶˵Цݣݵ˵
šҶ͸һ˿âᵽһ˿Σյĸо˺һʲôҽǸеɱˡ
ү
Ŀ࣬װʵﵽս޻ʾ
һ̤һǿбΪսپһͱ仯޻̬ʵ˼ޡ

һηҶ緢ҪҶɱ
ˣ
ͻȻһ̶Ľ𣬴̶˶Ĥۡ
һ̣ҶУһƿգͭһˡ
һ֮£Ϊһ죬һɡ
ͣ
һ㲻ҶһУͭ˺˳ȥ
ʧصײڿռʱͻȻ룬ѪѪ
һ̣Ҷһһ졣
ƺƵĵڵ콣籡һĽɽ·ռնϣһʧɫ
ҶһгĻ֮ȼѪǱʩչԼǿɱнеֵ
䣡
ǿĹҵĶԳ⣬춯صıըµ籼ڵĳˮϯܣռƳݺύѺۡ
ƴȫֵסҶһʱһ֮ͭǰһ¡
һ̣Լ۾ð˴ѪѪɫ
أ
Դͭ궴һ޵Ļ䣬ڰš

ĿҶѸײڶ֮ƻɱԼһĻɵˣһæóһŸӦʯȡ
ңҾǣ̫үү˾֣Ͼͻ㣬ҪǸ˺ң̫үүһὫңӱҶʵ˵ֵ̿ľ
ոյ磬ոյİأ㲻Ǻţôˣ
Ҷ翴ɫҰףǳƵãܿƵĶµĺӣϷʵ˵
գոնҵĴֻҪǷңԸӦκεˣҶɱĵ
ûȤ
Ҷ³ֱ̡֣
һ̣ϳʥ׷Ҷ壬һе飬ʬ޴档
߰ɣǻȥɣ
˺ӵ˵Ҷһָ˽ƽڵϣ֧Ľƿռ䣬ŷľḶ̌Ҫ뿪
ߣ
һԶԶ
ӵ̫үүӵȵһʱ˹оԼϢʧʱһɳŭǻ緢֮ͼֳ壬һֻץҶˡ
ͻȻһ⽣գɽӣգ
һ̴һƬأһӰһͬɽѹޱߵɽӴơ
ͣ
֮ͼɵĴֱһ˺ˣµĹ⽣޵еĽֱӽϵ롣
ǿߣ˾ܱһɱ


1120 ػ
лǰ
Ҷ翴ĿɿڴոһĻɵḶ̌һЦڵҹգ
̣߰˵ز׾ǻȥɣ
ţãã
̺һҶзȥ
;һƬڵɽʱҶһɽУں˴쾧ӵжǵʥʵĽսǬС
̣ոշ֮ЩأܿǣһЩ֮ķͲҪĸˣģһϵвҪ鷳ؿջ;УҶ
ãģδĽ̵˵ͷ˵
Ҷͽ뿪ʱвٴﶼǾһˣ׷˽鿴
ǿʬ壬ԼһΪɽʱһ׷ײ²⣬Ǻη֣ܳƻ
һҹǲƽģ˷𣬶ؿջҶȴֹˮʹĥԼꡣ
ܿ죬ӿһҹȥˡ
߰ɣҴȥػߣϣھػջ񣡡
һ磬Ҷͽ̣Ƕǰ˻ǽ֮һľػߡ
ǰػߵ;УҶҹڽⷢ飬Ҷɫ䣬û¶һ˿ɫʱ΢΢Щţȴδɡ
ڵˣǰǻǽ֮һľػߣǰգֻҪ㹻֣ܽ뵽沶棡
Ҷ˸תʮֵ˴Լʱһſ½еĻɫ棬δ빬ڣҶ͸еһɹе¶Ȳϵ
ȻػҪĻָߵˣкܶ˳þػ߿֮ʽ뵽棬ѰҴԵ
ö֣
Ҷͽվڻɫ棬ȴǰȥɻֵʱֺܶʵĸֳһöɫһ״ƴƣ뵽ɫС
УӵһͷɫǹͦΣü͸һ˿Ҷ⡣
Ȼֻ弶ս޻ʾʵҶ翴ʱȴᵽŨŨΣոоȻӣһԽɱеľ
Լʱ䣬öһ˹öƽǶϣе糾̶ȥػһҪСģмǲҪ³çھػǿԽֵģһ˵͵ϮΣգö̺ĴɽǴͳ
Уػʱƣʲôȼĸֻ֣涺죬ͻᱻػͳ
İɺүǻСĵءҶ˵ͷֳ뽿״ֻɫڵĽƣ뵽档
̤¶ȼߵĽݣ߽ɫʱһȥռȼգһƬ𺣣ȵ¶ȽյŤд
̣壬ɵػеĻ湥Ҷ翴ź΢΢ЩѣɫḶ̌
ã
̵˵ͷֳ壬ԼĽɫݵҶ߽ȼųɫľػߡ
̣˽⣬ػǰ㲻ֱǱػߵĲɣ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬ҶֱȥػߵĲ㣬Ϊ̲ȻԼڹػʥ
ţ
̵˵ͷظҶһػȥ
˲ϵؼ٣ػߣѰŽػߵڡ
ž룬ɫɫϷű仯ɳɫɫ¶ȸӵȣǽ壬еƤոС

˿һʱ䣬Ҷǿ귢˶ڣǣŽỬС֣ػ𺣣ٵط˹ȥ
Ǳػߵڶ㣬Ҷ緢ֻеĻɫ˻ɫ»治ϵѹƻס𣬷ƤһƤĸо
ҧؿļʱͻȻоһ͸ĵҶĴ˲䴫ȫɢոС
ںЩ𣿡
Ҷ翴ųһḶ̌΢΢һЦʵ
öˣлл¶һ˿۵ЦݣҶĴ֣ػȥѰǱػߵڡ
ѰʱҶڶػз˲٣ȭͷСãٶȼĻ飬ܲ׽ֻ飬ڽշĻУƷʡ
ػл࣬ټкܶҶҲûеʱ䣬ǣŽỬС֣ٵطУܿҵ˽ߵڡ
Ҷˮ£̽¶ֱػߣûиеһ˿ʣظҶ磬ػпٷС
ڣǻʱԽɫͨս޻ʸֵĻ𺣣ǱΣճ̶ֱľػߵĲС


1121 ɱ
ػ߹Ȼ棬ػеĻ¶ȣˮ׼
ػߣҶ緢ֻлɫ¶Ҳﵽˮ׼һ˽뵽̼佫ҷ
̣Ҹǻ壬ǧҪĻ뵽壬Ȼ̼ڻ
Ҷ֪Ŀ£ӵлľԵʵշ𣬶岻ǿһɫ壬
ţ
̵˵ͷóһ״ĻҧָеһξѪ˻˲ϣ棬γһ֮⣬Ϯ
߰ɣȥϣһУ
ȫҶŽ̽뵽ػУѰ
ػߣҶʿԵļ٣ʿʵǿĵơ
ػߣҶʵǿʿ⣬Ʒʼߵ
ڻ֮Уÿֻշһֻ֣Ҷͽ˵ͬôҶ粢ûгշѰ
ಣ
Ҷͽ̽ȫͷųȥĴѰʱһɫĹâǶǰ
ǰ㣬ٶȼĻ飬Ҷָһ㣬ˮһˮֱӽŻ档
⵽ˮɣǵĻҪѶˮˮޣȫ˻顣
գ
Ҷ£ˮɵˮٵսɵĻˡ
̣͸㣡
Ȼ󣬵ƷʣҶʮִ󷽵ĽŻ͸˽̡
лл
Ŀ͵ؿҶ磬Ц绨
һֻ飬Ҷ˼ػߣһ߲ػĻ飬һѰ
ͻȻҶǿǰԶһƬɫĻвһɹɿ񱩵ҵط
ߣǹȥ
Ҷüͷһƣ뽿̴ȵɫ𺣣ڻҵĻģһϤӰһŰ˶ߣͨǰɫûεĻս
Źǰɫ棬ҶΪѰҵһ
Ȼ
͸ɫ棬ԶڱУʵӰ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ΪŹǰɫսˣӺĶӣųӺ춼ǵһŵܡ
û뵽ܾһţļս޻ʾʵȫѹס˹ǰɫĹ
ű仯޻̬սˣֳһͷǹ𺣣һֻХƹǰɫƵܣҶ¶ζЦݡ
̣û뵽㾹Ȼˣ
Ҷ˸ոճ֣ʵܾ͸оǣϣû¶֮ɫ¶һ˿ɱ⡣
ԼʵȫƿҶ˵׼ǿշŹǰɫٶԸҶˡ
֪Ҷͬͷ
ң
뵽õĻУҪշɱҶʱ۾ͻȻһҶͻȻǰ

ܿͻȻֵҶ磬۾ɱһϷǰɫ𣬷еͷǹߴҶ硣
Ŵ̴ػ𺣣һͷǹҶû㣬һָػӭȥ
ͣ
ޱȵǹҶָʱ
Ҷں֮飬ڽ֮һָ£ͷǹǹ˲һ̶ǹдӲˡ
⣬ôܣһôô
Ųϱѵǹ⣬ǹķ֮һϵļһɽεĵײҶԴ
֣
ɽεײҶָĳͬʱ۳һֻץѲĴ֣ױȵƻһƽײɽεķ˳ȥѹ˴ʧɫܡ
䣡
ӡ䣬ܱ˵ֺݺݵ˵ϣһд罦Ѫ̼䱻ɫĻ
һɹȵɫ棬͸ȫѺۣӿ壬۵ʹ
һߣóҪ
ҶܵĻᣬֱͭ˺˾ҷĻ𺣣һ޵񽣣ն塣
㲻ɱңҡ
ͫһƴҪͭ깥ٶ̫죬飬ͻͷ룬
ܱҶ֮ͭɱʱɫڻʬ壬һػߣҷ


1122 
磬糾ɱ
ĿҶɱܵһĻ̱ˡ
ȻӺкܶӣܺųӺ춼ǵһţ̲Ӻ֪ھػߵ飬εȵıŭ
ǱɱģǺθɣҶ΢΢һЦŻʧɫľþ޷ƽḶ̌˵
ţԣػΣأʵãɱˣǲ֪£Ҷ۾͸Ľ֮ɫ̻һЦͷ͵
ಣ
ǼߣĿҶɱܵһĻһӰɫ𺣾ͷȥ
ܣôף
Ҷͫһ̤˺ѿӿĻ𺣣˹ǰɫ
⵽ҶŹǰɫѹ£һöϸĻ룬Ҷؿڡ
Թǰɫ𷢶һҶͭӭȥ
ͣ
ǰɫͭײ˲䣬йĽֱӴ̴˹ǰɫ𣬽̱ˡ
һ̣Ҷγǿѣ֮һ׹꣬ݺݵغǰɫǣҪǿнĨȥ
Ҷ翰ȶǵʥ깥£ǰɫԽԽķҶ繹һ˿˺Ҷ翰Ʒȫסˡ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷʩչѣ£ǰɫڱĨȥһûʶ
̣뿪ص㣬Ұں𣡡
Ҷһ̽籡סǰɫ𣬴Ž뿪Ƭ¶ȼɫ𺣣ص¶Խϵ͵ػߣҵһƫƧĵط
̣Ѫʵʣ޷ͬ壡
ʵޣ޷ͬʱշ棬Ҫշǰɫֻǰշ
ã
Ȼ󣬵ȴԶԶǰɫԥԼԭΪѪ
⣡
֮Ҷˮ⣬սǬС
̣ľѪνǰɫУŽ
Ҷ罫Ĺǰɫȡ˳˽ǰ˵
ã
һҧָһξѪ˻ָ壬һĹǰɫС
ͻȻĹǰɫͷųȭͷСĹǰɫȼйµſռ䣬ĽƤۡ
ǻػס˽̵壬ǰɫͻȻйԽƤڻ
̣ҪͣξѪֱǰɫϿ㣡
о̵ľѪ̼䱻ǰɫҶ˵
һΣΣʮΡ
̲ϧ۵ǰɫеʮξѪǰɫ𷴿ʼ½أ̵ľѪʼǰɫںϣձѪ
ɹˣˣ
˽ʮξѪɫò԰ףǰɫ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫԺг˹ǰɫϢ
֮𣬻̺һ˿⡭
֪дϲȻƷʲߵģʦ˵ջȶҪ
е˿⣬ܴٶȺͳɹʣܽ壬֮ԼƳƷҳɹʾԲ͡
ѪֻǵһܷںϣؼģںĹ̿еʹһҪס򽫹һ񣡡Ҷ翴ɫ԰׵Ḷ̌
Ϊҵģܳס̽ҧ촽ᶨ˵
ȥ
ҶóһСƿ£ԻָյѪγһĤںʱȵˡ
ڽΪں׼ʱһ׷Բԣƺ׷ͯգü͸һ˿ߣһƵۣںܴ¶ѩ׼˹ٸԼһоųߣȫŨںëһĴ󺺸оϢٵؿ
𣡡
Ưڽǰ𣬰׷¶һ˿֮ɫ
շԼڼеоܴʣջԭ
ˣʼɣ㻤ֻ߾ȫںСҶɨһ۲İ׷ˣ˵
ã
֪Ҷʵص˵ͷſС죬̵˶УŽڽ塣
󵨣
Ŀý̵̽У׷˶ʱŭˣǿбŻ𺣾ҵطѹҶˡ
ۿܵǿƳҶϵĵǰԼֵסɿµơ
˼û뵽ļս޻ʾʵҲֵܵס˵ƣǲ򵥣
һĴ󺺣ѿͣ¶һ˿ײеЦ˵
Ҳɱˣûǰҹ
Ҷ۾Ͷ˭ƣһ޵еĽ񣬰Եƥľ


1123 ɱ
˼СһŪý㶼Ըɱˣ
ٸֱͦżȻҶ磬һЦݣĲδ˷
ȻҶƾˣоļս޻ʾʵ׷˸ûнľ浱˶Է硣
ٲǾͰ°ɣ
Ҷһٻʮ漫Ʒ죬γ˰ɱסžʹһںḶ̌ɱȻľ

Ƣ𱩵Ŀ󺺱һӱ˵һֻŭޣ趯һ۴֣̻ŴƵƷɽ֮ƳҶ硣
弶ս޻ʣһͨս޻ҲӲӡ
ҶԶʤĪԽ֯ŵӰƷҶվڻУץȥ

ĿҶһٶ󺺸еܴ裬Ĺ̲ϵһҪҶ⽴
أ
һݺݵسҶϣţһǿķ֮ҶĴһֳϵĸоЩղסƷ
ȻǲϧǾǹɣ
˵ţϳʥҶͣɿףݺݵغɫĿӡ
ȻȫȻδܵסϳʥ׵Ĺݺݵ˳ȥصˤ˻УؿڽһƬ⵽ش
ǿ󺺷ˣһԽ顣
⣬ʲôȼ
Ŀϳʥɿ󺺵һĻ׷߶ͫһҶ˼ر仯
󷨶Ը
Ҷ粢öԸ׷߼һ׵ͼͷҪ֮ɱҶ硣
ֻɢޣȵƹںˣ
Ҷ翴һ۰׷߼ͼûһ˿仯˵
Сӣݵò񣬽Ǳ㣡
׷ʮĬѸ󣬽ͷͼ໥佻ʵ
Ѫȼգ
Ҷ粻뵢ʱ䣬ѸȼѪռ̺֮ڽ壬ʵ
һ̣Ҷ̤һ˺ȼյĻ𺣣һڰ׷ǰתӡ˵ӡ
һӡһ֮Ƹֳ壬ٵ۳·̺صӡͬһɱڽͼˡ
оӡ̺Ļ֮׷ɫ΢䣬ͬʱתͼйƺɱȥ
䡭
ǿĵײһ𣬿ֲڻб춯صը鷽Բʮػеʿɫ䣬׷׵˹
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һҶͼеͼͼںһʱռڶ̣֮ɱɫİ׷ߡ
̻֮Ŀռ䣬𶯣ռޱ䣬ӿֲһͿһӡʱСĸо
ͼ
׷û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼͼľԥͷĵͼз̵֮Ļһ
꣡
̺֮ͼ£ںϰ׷˵ͼˣһѺۿɼٶӡ
ں֮ͼˣ׷һѪ˳ȥ
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ʶҶĿ£׷˵ҾôѸ
ȫܵ˲䣬شѣ֮ǻ꺣УһǿҵѣθС
һ̣콣ҶУں֮ͭһһ˺ѿ𺣣ɨһУն˷Ӧͣٵİ׷ˡ
һ죬ػнɫ涼ȻʧɫµĽòðտ֮˴ʧɫûعİ׷뵽Ϳ־С
ͣ
Ľâ˵壬ǵ궼һ֮¡
Կ˵ߣ
һɱˣҶ˵ԼƯڻеĿɨһڻеʿɱȻľ
Ҷľ棬ܵʿŵ÷׷Ӵܣܿ죬Ҷڵ˽˸ҿ
ػеʿҶ̵ֽİɱϥߣΪ
ȻںѶȲС̽ıͦѣʹʱ̣ʼںϡ
ʱʱȥһ졣
һʱ䣬Ҷ粻ò𲻶ںϵĽ̡
̣ʱޣҪػ׽𣬰ȫڼ䣬ȥںɣںϣȥ治ӰǵںϣҶоںϣ˵
糾һСģ㣬һҪƽ
̵˵ͷֹͣںϣһ뿪ػߡ
̴뿪Ҷûٵʱ䣬̤ѥٶ۷壬ػмٴУܿ촩Խػߣػߣ뵽˻ɱػС


1124 
ɫ棡
ػȼյɫ棬ҶҲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫת渲һ㱡ķ⣬ķɫУڻмٷɳۡ
飬ػоô飡
Ҷ罫ٶ۷壬ԽԽԽǿɫʱɫз˲ٻ飬ˮշ
ˮ£һſŻ鱻Ҷշˡ
Ҷһ߲飬һѰǱػߵڣʱѰңɫз˽ػߵڣڼ䣬շŻ顣
뵽ػߣҶ緢ĻɫҲһ𣬵뵽ʱȫķⱻյıΣƤ˿˿յĸо
һ״𣡡
Ҷ¶ȼߣڻƷػзһʱ䣬ããɫУһɫ״ʢʮ޵Ļ֮
ػߵôγɵģȻô𣡡
ϡ٣ڶ½ػߣȴҶ羪治ѣɾػߺܿ
ȻǰƷʻ𣬵ҶĿʥ𣬹ϵķٷɳۣѰŽػߵڡ
ˡ
Ҷ罫ȫȥѰػʱͻȻǰԶоһǿϢڻƶ
˾֣
оǰ֮˵ľ磬Ҷԥһ£ûԿƹȥ
Զ˾֣ҶϢȴͻȻ߷
Ůģ
żٿе˾֣Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ĺɫȹӰĹĹĵģ͹£ȹ¶˫ȽϸСȹճ˵Ļȣһֱ쵽һ˫µСƤѥС
ҶĲģһ˫ˮɫӣɢ˵Ĳ⣬˵ĺ촽һһ
ҶԶԶؿżٿĺŮӣŮҲڰҶ磬оҶֻļս޻ʾʵʱԵһ£¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȻЩԾҶʵҽػߡ
ԽԽĺŮӣҶ粻ʲôϸһ뿪
λӣһ£
ʱһöҶУ
ô𣿡
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬еĺŮӣʵ
ӣһæֻҪϴӦżƷŮ¶һ˿ĵЦݣ
ʲôæҶ翴ĵףʵ
ػ߷һصҪҹӰæշֻҪӿϰæ³֮Ҳ͸żƷԸӦһСҪ󣡡ŮӳҶգһĵĴ۾ջ˵
ȻҶ羳粻ߣػȥ磬úŮӶŨȤ
ʲôص
ȵĸ£ػǷҶҲ¶һ˿Ȥʵ
һ䳤ŽɫҶӵΧػҪժǶ𣡡Ϊ˹ҶȤŮӺ˵
Ҷ
Ҷ۾һµŮӿеǺˡ
Ҷ˵֮ֻȵĿռУлν
ΪҶڻУ֮ҩҲʵɿ췣ŵ
ҲΪҶܿų֮һЩҪתϹϲ֮һ
û뵽ӼʶҷֵǽҶŮ۾¶һ˿֮ɫĵ˵֪ԸҸػҶԸ⣬ҴӦ³ٰ֮﹫շһ𡣡
֮źŮɢ⣬ҶֻСһŻ棬æסģɢе˵߰ɣȥ
ã
Ҷ峺۾ԼԻ󣬺Ů¶һ˿֮ɫûԥҶҶĵطȥ
ӣ֪Ƿ
ŮӿҶ絥ƾһ͵סɫķգĵϸ
ɣֻһɢޣҶ絭ػӦ
ɢޡŮһ¶һ˿ѰζЦݣû˵
¶ԽԽߵɫ𺣣ҶػһðȻ棬յĵ»ӡ
ǽҶǻǽȥɡŮӼӴɫֵķһȽ뵽˻֮С
ҶҲٻһƷȼսףȫŮӽ뵽θӵĻС
Ƕ˳ѣ¶ԽԽ߻ص뵽ʱһ׶ߣһƬƬɫ꣬ĻһŻ棬ɢڶǰ
ɫΪ֮񣬼ֵŵĽ


1125 ˭˭
ʮƣݴﵽʮ꣡
еļ䣬Ҷ֪ϵĻŽʱ䣬ÿһ꣬ɫϾͻһƣԽ࣬Խá
ڽ£ֻҾסһʣµĽҾСŮĿȵؿŽ
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ߣǿ𣡡
˵ţŮӼһƷȼǹһֻǶŴСһʮһűʯĳǹֳַ컭ꪵҶ˽
Ƕ˿Խ¶ȼߵɫ棬ʱܵĻͻȻҵĲһȵľˣҶˣǿ
ȣ
Ůӽһһֱɫľ֮ͼֳ壬ǧ˿ƵĹľ룬͸˷Ļ𺣣˽
ۿľ֮ͼ۵Ĺľ봥ͻȻڽĸ˳ͷŻ߰Ĺľڻˡ
һ̣Ʒʼߵɫ⣬ԴҶͺŮӣҪڻ
һаˣֻҪҾסһʣµľͽˣ³֮ҴӦһ١
ԽԽ͸Ϣ𣬺ŮӴ
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ȻҶŴںŮϲɱ⣬²³֮ӦԼĲ֣ܶΪ˱ؽܣпܻɱԼ
һѺŮӣֳַ컭һīһɸ߻ˣֱ̲񷣬ڻƷĺɫս
սʱҶʵֻص⣬ǧֳʮصķ컭ɫս
֣ⷢҶĹ˲䱻ɫѹƣŮӲҵʱ䣬ϵȼѪ֮仯ͷ̬һ״Ĺŵһͭ״ĹŵֳĴȫ
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źŮӵ̬ҶµݣӦ壬λӦòͣȻӲ⴫ͷռ̬
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䣡
ȫѹסҶ繥ƣɫͻȻ棬Ҷ緢󱩻
һǿһأ̺̼֮ҶĹ˷⣬˳ȥѪѪ߰ߡ
ҼֲסˣԼౣذɣ֮ʣҶɫ΢΢һĺŮӴ
ټһᣬҺܿǣŮüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽Ҷʵôá
Ϊ˵õҪĽǬָóһöӡǿ־ľʯ
붯ʥ־ҶܴļƻΪ˳úɫȫɱҶĻᣬժ߽˲ôˡ
꣡
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ˣ
ΧںŮΧγһȻ֮໥佻ŹŮӷˣɫ𲻶ϵط塣
ŮӺµģγɵ󣬵ֽǱγɵˣܶӡ
ҵţӵĺǣҲһɱ㣡
ŮӱٻɱҶ磬סܣû뵽Լոնĵƣںʥ־Ҷˣ޵ֱЩҶ
ʱѾûã޷ܻժ߽ˮһա
Ѫȼգ
ŮһҧѸȼǿѪ֮ȫԼشɫɫֻҪܻһ𣬾Ƶв
䣡
һıڻ
µռҡһɹɻ֮糱ˮӿķȫ뵽С
ںŮӲϧȫ£ոձشɫɫԽԽأгݺύѺۣҲϵ½
ŮҲ˼شۣ岻ϱˣϵĻս¸أ役һƬ
ս˰ʱܾ֮ʣŮͻȻץסᣬĴĵ⣬˹Ϊҵĺɫ
ţ۵ͼڽŵУŵ֮أ֧ɫ
ӡ
ɫĴˣɫŵ֮ʣŮӲģ붯ǿĵ۳һֻͲ룬̤ſռ䣬ݺݵײһɫ
ںŮƴȫش֮ʣһٶȼͻȻ֡
һ̣ȥҶͻȻڽԣںŮӹǰƾͼѹס궯ĽԵǬС


1126 ǿƻɱ

ŮҲû뵽ԼᱻҶˣԼƴˣȴΪ˼£Ĳ
úŮӴ⣬ɹԵǬУҶûоô̤Լٶ֮ȥ
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ŭĺŮӱһٶ۷壬Լٶ׷Ҷ磬ƱҪסؽ
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Ҷӵʱϳʥףˮֳ壬ٵؽڣγ˿µ֮ŭ𣬺׷ĺŮӡ
ͻ֮ŭŮ۳ľ֮ͼͻ֮ͼǰ֮ŭĹ
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ںŮӽͼ֮ǿ˺֮ŭʱҶ˼Ʒն̺֮һ
һնɽĽâӡŷܵĴӡǣ¸գйĵѹһУµĴ֮һ𣬺ɫĺŮӡ
ǣ
ͼ⵽Ž蹥ݺύѺۣµĽ͸ͼϵعŮӵ壬ơ
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ʶҶ羪˵ĹŮ֪Լˣˣķζըˣϧ۵ļȼǿѪѹסƣŵҶ硣
ں˺ŮעǿѪ͵⣬ȭͷСĹŵͭ겻ϵر󣬱һֵֻĽ꣬ɢŴĿĽ⣬һСɽηĵ֮Ҷ硣
ŵ깥˲䣬ŮֿһŵͷųϢѹ֮Ҷ硣
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ŮӿŵϮҶ粢ţһƷʥͼֳ壬֮ѹŵ
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û뵽ļս޻ʾҶ磬ˣ̻˿£Ȼӵһ½ʥ
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ŮӳԾ֮ʣҶ˻ɱϵọ̃һھѪһſһſźǣ˺Ůӡ
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ԺŮӵʣҶᣬ˲ȼѪּѪħͼаħںһ𣬽ʵ˼ޡ
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ķϻʵ̫ˣ
˵ţʵǵ޵Ҷ磬ֱֳ˺˻𺣣ƽ˺Ůӡ
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һնƬ𺣶Ȼ޹⣬µĵɽ֮ƣԳԽٶȣ˺Ůӵؿڡ
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ײһʱԽڽҶֱбµ͸ǹ˺ŮӵֱУֱ۷飬ơ
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оǹдǿŮˣ˵Ҷʵս޻ʾ֪η֮ġ
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ŮӳԾ֮ʣԼٵݣƸֳҶ꺣˹ڤգźŮӵꡣ
ۣ
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ͷۣ
ƲϵؼأŮӲûܣٴα仯ͷ۵ռ̬ƱҪɱҶ磬ؽԼҶϵһС
ߣͷ𣿡
Ҷ翴ŮֳϮҲ仯ͷֳۣرӭȥɫĻмҵɱ
㵽ʲôˣ
ĿҶ羹ȻӲ⴫طͨŮ¶˲˼֮ɫ֪˭
Ǭ󣡡
Ů֮ʣҶٴδ̳һ
һ̳ʮǬ֮壬ѸͼԺɨһе̬˺Ůӡ

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κǬ󣬶̫أ޷ǿʵǬ󹥻£屻Ǭ֮ѪܿƵʳ
Ǭ󣬺һ
Ů˱ˣҶʮǬ֮ںһ𣬻һʮɳľ޽ͭ£ͬӸ죬й˲Ľ
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ҶһǬ֮ɱһնҪȫܵĺŮӡ
ͻȻҶлγ˿µѣ֮ݺݵغĻ꺣УķӦ˶ݵͣ١
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⵽شŮӾҶ繥ٶȸ죬£赸ֳ壬ںҶ缸ȫĻһɱ˺ŮӲϡ
䣡
ػ߾Ҳһ£ӲĿռݺύѺۡ
ھ赹£Ůӱ˲壬궼飬ʬ޴档


1127 ʥ
գ
ץסŮӱ˵ĻᣬõƽɱҶ粻Ѹٵ뿪¶ȼߵĻ𿻸ҵһƫƧĵط»ˮָĵļɺԵĻ
ոŮӼսҶ籾ٻܰæػ̫棬ûĽ֣ܳᱻ˷֣ɲҪ鷳ס˳嶯
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ڣƶŬ£˽ػߵڣǱػС
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뵽ػߣҶ翴ǰããһƬȼŹǰɫ棬嶼յۡ
Ϊ˼ǰɫԼӰ죬Ҷæˮ壬ǰɫʴ

Ҷʩչ渲һ֮⣬Ž뵽¶ȼߣƷػУѰŽػߵڡ
֪˵еʥֻھػߵڰ˲㣬ھŲռſҪ벶׽ҪʥֻðǱػС
Ҷػʱһ׷Բԣûһ˿ػںһ𣬲ֱ˴˵Ӧˣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
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˵ţ׷ʩչֶͨΣһھػ߲֪£½޵ʥƵػС
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ģССļս޻ʣҲҵľ棬
ʥӿҶԼľʱŭˣͷӵɽӵĹŻӳ޾Ĺâ紩ԽʱյĹɱҶ硣
Ʒʥ
оɽͼҶԥٻͼӭ
ʥԹ˲䣬ɵƻƵռ䣬µ̲סҪ
ţû뵽Ҳʥ
ҶƾͼֵסԼɽͼĹʥ¶֮ɫҶ΢ı仯
ǰʥ־ڱصãκ˵ȾָС
ôһʥ
ҶûʥӣȫϵʥԺиͷһָоʥֵ̫죬˹һ㡣
ٲҹ飬ȡʥĿҶ磬ɭȻľ
ó汾£ռŵҩǲЩɰҶ罫ĿƵ˻ʥϣ΢΢̣η˵
úúãȻǱʥӾͳȫ㣬ϣ˻Ȫ·㲻ڣ
˵ţʥб⣬һֻӰֳ壬ʵ
һ̣һǶŰɫʯ糤̻ƵļƷֳС
סƷ񷽣ʱ˵Ʒ췭ظı仯֮ͼֳ壬һʵ񽣣ָҶ磬Ѫ


1128 ʥս
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˵ţƷҶУͬ˽֮ͼָʥӡ
һ֪ΪУǶô޴ľ
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콣ã
ҶһдĽ֮ƣһãĽâݹ䣬һеʥӴ̳Ľâ֯һ
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ӲƴһƽɫҶͻʥͬһʱԷԿ죬ǿսǿ
һʱ䣬Ŀռ䣬γ˿ֲľ磬һ̶ϵը죬ռ鲼ۡ
ʥӹȻпʱʵ˵Ŀ£
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ҶһϮʥͫһ˲Уһ˲̳ƷҶıҵײ
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һԴǬ֮У
ɽͼ
ؼʱ̣ʥӿƷʥͷʥֵ֮סǬ֮һ
ôողǺܿôȴʥҶ翴ɫѿѪҷĻʥӣؼΪһڿֻث֡

ʥӺܹܴ裬ŭһͼֲֳ񷽣ҶƱҪҶɱйߡ
ڽ֮
ʥһͷŭʨϮҶѨϵֱֳȫӭ
Ʒ񷽣ײһʱһɿֲը˲񷽣ӿĻ͵⣬˻ʥֱУֱƤʳѪ
ѣ
ڻʥӳԾ֮ʣҶлγ˿µѣ֮Ļ꺣УķӦһ˿ٻ
ţҶ缤ͭǿڽУһƿգ˻ʥӵؿڡ
һʱ䣬һƵı⣬ƾ˵ն˷Ӧ½Ļʥӡ
ͣ
㲻ĻʥӱҶһɣƷս±˰׶೤ĽۣѪܿƵȾ塣
һشʥӣҶûиһ˿ϢĻᣬֱֳҪһɱս
ؼʱ򣬻ʥһʮǱƣ͵һٵܵһߣֵסҶ
ҵҪܶ㼸Σ
Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫֱֳȫΪǱĻʥӽɽͼǰס壬ֵҶһ˸߹һ˵ĳˮ㹥ơ
½ĿһеĻʥӱҶȫѹסƣ


1129 ѹʥ
û뵽ļս޻ʾСôֶβôѹǸǸûֶΣʥעԵˡ
ػߣһֱڰйۿ󶥼۷Ծİ׷¶ѵõЦݣе
ۣ
ڻʥӿɽͼȫֵʮغҶ͹ʱǱҶһ˳ȥصˤ˵ϣơ
ر䣡
ԵƣʥӶĵƣȫںͼиֳ𣬽֮ʩչʥȴӲ⴫طͨ˲䱩ʵ

ʵǣѪĻʥ۳ˮͼͼҪرľ档
ͨԽţ
ʥӷϮҶӿնһ̤ѹﰧԽ֮أһŷ˻ʥһâһˡ
ͨ䣡
һ̣Ҷȼ֮Ѫ߱仯һͲѪɢԨֹޱߵ˺˹ǰɫ𺣣ɫޱĻʥӡ

Ҷʩչ䣬ײڻʥӲִټ䵲ǰɽͼʱһ־𣬿µѪϵر˵ɽͼйʥӴ˼ѹϼƣڽڵİˡ
ţϵͨСһﲻ򵥣ȻѧͨĽ
ĿҶʩչһĻ׷߶ŨȤڰս
ɽͼƣ
ʥɽͼ뾫ѪĹƵҶʩչ䡣
֮¯
Ҷָ̬ʱתٶ۷壬ʩչܵĵʽҲһʽʥӡ
䣡
ر𺣳
Ҷȫ£֮ںһ𣬻ûһ֯·Ļ¯ѹѹɫޱ䣬ɽͼȫĻʥӡ
䣡
֮¯ѹɽͼϣֱػߵĿռ䷢ŤԲﶼһ뵽֮С

ʥӽɽͼȫ֮¯ʱҶ籩һ֮¯һʽĹ
䣡
֮¯ըµͬǳ׹أռη
ԵƥĻ֮һֻɴڣ㲻Ļʥûˣƻ壬ơ
ǻʥӽɽͼԼȫһʧȥս
СһѵھȻݻǿһʽпǿʥˡ׷һϳ֮¯Ҷݲһ˿档
ʥӣȥԹɣ
Ҷ翴ſѪˤɳʮԶĻʥӣٻ˾ͼƾͼȫѹɽͼʥʩѹ
ʥҶԳ⣬ͼȼϵƺ;֮飬ѹɽͼ
ʱҶ罫ӵ£̤ƼصĻʥǰնȥ
һڽ֮һںͭ⣬һ£һɽֶµþҷĹǰɫ˲Ϩˡ
ʥʵ̫ˣֵסҶֶµı
ӰƵıÿһ䣬ĻʥӿѪڽڰˣ˫۸Ǳڽò۵㣬顣
˫𣬸ұ
ƲϼأֵסҶ͵Ĺʥӿһγһ˫ɫ򣬹Ҷ磬ڿҶʱ˻
仯ħ֮Ҷ弸ﵽ˼Ʒˮ׼˫Ա޷˵塣
ԵķŻʥƴҶٴӿգںһ𣬲ֱ˴ˡ
һ̣ʮǬ֮Ҷ£罣һ׹䣬ֲ˻ʥΧȫܿռ䡣
ڻʥҪͻΧʱһӴ𣬴̽˫УĪĲһ¡
Ž裬ͨ£
еͼͼ֮ͼֳ壬Ҷ罫£⻯һ޵֮ӣһն½ԣûʥȫɵˡ
𱬼
һߣʥӵȫȫ˳ʩչʥͨطշͼӵ£γŭһı棬ӭȥ
䣡
ͨ𱬼ײһɵĶڸػеһ죬ĩհĻ֮˲佫㲻Ļʥûˣ˺塣
ۿʥӾҪɻ֮˺һĴ֮סƵ壬ֱӽͳػߡ


1130 ƿ
֣գ
ʥӴ뿪ĲСҶûеʱ䣬ʩչ֣ץϵǿʥ
ۿƿķ֮⣬ץסʥʥ·ӵһ㣬ͻȻȥ
ӣ
Ҷ籩һ̤ͻȻסʥеͼͼֳ壬ǿĵ⣬ѹʥ
ͼѹ£ʥʵˣҶٵƽסսһɢ˿˿С
ɹշʥҶĿͶƷʲҪһͬշ
ʱͫһ¶˳Ծ֮ɫǰɫеʧˡ
ѵո
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ԽоʥֵĹ죬ӵСģһ߻ָƺĵĻһѰҽػߵڡ
ʱʣһʱҶҵǱػߵڣԥĽ뵽ػС
˼Сһ治Сļս޻ʾʵҽػߣͲ±ػеĻճɻ𣿡
Ҷȼźɫ棬߼İػʱ׷ߵһʱоˣ¶һ˿Ȥй۲
øߵ¶ȣػеĻ棬Դﵽ£ˣ
ػߣҶȫķֱڻˣˮȻϿƺɫ棬ҶȻоƤҵոУ·Ҫڻһ㡣
ľƣ
оɫҶ粻Ҵ⣬ƻľǧ˿Ƶĸ˿鲼ȫĺɫ档
˻ľƣɫ漸Ҷ翰Ʒ幹˺ԥ뵽ɫУ֮ȫͷųȥڰػѰʥ
СһĲ򵥣ϵܲ٣ܿưػеĻ档
׷߷֣Ҷ羹Ӱػеĺɫ棬ȤԽԽŨһ֪߲㡣
ͬʱһнӿռУɫۣͷѩףռΪһ壬ֱ˴˵Χһ׸ߣƤֳ״ïʢīȾһ㣬͸ŹϲԾ̬֮Ĺ档
׷ߣĸ߲㣬Ҳƿߡ
Уڱɫһ㣬׷ͯյߣ쾳λʡ
ˣּеʱһǿ͸ӿռ䣬ĶС
оͻȻֵǿȫֹͣ˵һʱ佫ĿͶ
ոջϸҴѶ˵˴˰ػУ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ⴳػ֮˺ر𣿾Ȼûϱӹע
ݣһưɫףƼۣͨȴΣոоƲʵ
ţݻϸ֪ⴳػ֮ˣʵֻļս޻ʣ䲻ʮ꣡˵ͷ˵
ʲôôܡ
Ļ˹ž޲¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
Ȼÿξػ߿˴ػߣ֪ػеĻûʵػ죬ļս޻ʽ룬ܲǳԾ
ϲ²⣬СһðżսػߣܿΪշʥ𡣡˵
ʲôʱ½ļս޻ʾշʥҲ̫˰ɣ
˫Ŀߴ󻤷Щʧ̬˵ھػ߿Уδ
ǲ£Сһܲշػеķʥ𣡡¶ŵЦݣʵ
Ҿò̫ܣҡҡͷ˵ʥǺںϰػеĻؾҲ޷շҪ˵һļս޻ʾˡ
ػ߿˲֪ٴΣԭÿο˽ػߣػ߲ʥ𣬵Ϊֹһ˳ɹҲǸСһɹͥ˵ͷ͵ǻϳְæ
ǲƻذæġȴܿСһ˵ԻдʣǶ˵
߲㣬ϴҶŨȤʱҶٶޣѰҰػпʥ
ӣڰػѰʱԽ˼ʱݵǰԶоһɼµϳʥײ¡
ʥڰػҵʥˣ
ҶػߵһĿ겢ʥ𣬶ǳʥշһֳʥ𣬾ͨƽ⣬ʥϳʥƵĵУԼĵơ
˳ʥҶûκԥ̤˺ѿããĻ𺣣ڰػһ޴Ļ涴ԸӦĳʥ𣬾ڻ涴С


1131 ղʥ
֪ľܰշʥ𣿡
ȻҶʵ̱ӻҪ񣬵ȴûаշֲؾܶ޷շĳʥ
Ψһ̣ǻĿǻľ
ħѪȼգ
ԿµĳʥҶ粻Ҵ⣬ѸȼħѪʵķƷˮ׼ֱֳɫ㼯ɣڻƷĻ涴С
涴Ҷоˮ궯Ȼǳܲס涴е̺ٵġ
ľɣ
ڴĻ͸ˮҶʱҶƻľӴɺɫ棬Ż涴˺
оԼأ涴ĳʥˣһ˫㼯۾ͷų˸еϢĻһҶ磬Ҫɱ
еͼͼ𣡡
ϮҶѸ۳ͼͼ֮ϮĻڻ涴мҵĶԳ⡣
涴¶̫ߣܵ޾ĺɫӰ죬Ҷսϵ½ݻͼһϵмҺɱ˺˷ӿĻ
ҶʱһӰĻϮһظ߹һأսҶ۵ͼˡ
̣ת
ؼʱ̣Ҷٻ˹ẉ̂עĵͻǰٻͷųǿ֮ػĹȫ涴С
Ҷŵ֮һ·˺ѻʱʥȫŭˣһŻҷŰɫβͣһǼٵķ
䣡
ʥصײϣ߽֮µײӲҶס
ǳʥȻ
оʥҶ粻ϲһʮǬ֮壬ٵǬ󣬹˳ʥҪס
ǬУʥٵػγ˿µĻУںϻ涴ȼյĺɫ棬Ǭ
ڳʥϯذĹУʮǬ֮ɵĽ˴Ѻۣձơ
ͼɱ
Ҫ˳շʥֻȽشУԽ֮ϯĳʥҶ˾ͼϧ۵ͼע͵⣬ƾͼ۳֮飬ɱ˺ɫС
һ˾ֶӲӣڻ涴УԴԴںϻ涴ĳʥȴӲֵסˡ
ǿĽɱ˾֮Ĺʥںϻ涴ɱҶ磬ƱҪǱصҶɱ
ϳʥףȸŷǡ
ͼʧܣҶֽʩչֶΣһŵŻС
ڻ涴Уʥ𼸽޵Уںϻ涴ҶĹҶ粻涴ȥ
ͭ꣬塣
ƣҶֱͭû뵽˷תĻУλĵĳʥ
ͣ
ͭһ£λĵĳʥ𱻴͸ˡ
һ̣ںϺɫĳʥ޸˿ڣƻйҶ硣
һЧҶͭȫκγʥÿÿͭڻ涴޸ˡ
գڳʥɫй£Ҷ类ӲƳ˻涴ͭȵĸУҲܵˡ
Ҷ˳涴СĽĳʥûг׷ɱݺݵصһֻۣص˻涴С
ڻ涴и޷شʥҪ뽫շҪסлᣡʶʥڻ涴еĿ£ҶüͷԺ˼շʥİ취
һö죬󣡡
˼һᣬҶٻһ죬Ѹһ׵С
ţҶóŻͽ̵𣬷˻涴ڣŽʥ涴
ʥҪһҪɴĻ飬𣬶Ҷոͷǿ꣬ǻ涴ܣûκεĻ飬𣬲²ЩӦöʥˣ뵽취
о涴ڵĻǼߵĳʥˣոҶϸоһ˿ΣյϢԥһûա
ɣ
Ż޷ʥҶ罫ɱ˵õٻ˳ȫ˻涴ڣճʥ
о涴ڳĴ𣬳ʥ궯Ȼ֪϶壬Ĵջ̫ա
̲סˣ
ϥĴ𸽽Ҷ磬һֱݣоʥܲסջڻ涴ʱ¶˵ЦݣڽУȫ߿ռΪһ壬ʱ׼ʥ뿪涴˲䣬ڶС
ʱһһСĽĳʥ𿿽涴ʱûʳСĽĸӦΣա
գջ£ûвΣյĳʥ涴˲佫Ĵɣ˾Զ顣
飬Ҫ۷ػ涴ʱתסϾ·˴С


1132 ľʥ
Ѫħͼںϣ
סʥ˲䣬ҶȼѪѪħͼںһ̶ʵ
һ̣ȸŷǣӡ̸ֳ壬£һ˳ʥ
΢࣬㣡
Уʥʱ뵽ŭУûɸߣȼŰɫľˣӶŻȭͷĴŵмҵɱ
֮¯
ĴŵʥǿƱʱҶ缫ת⻯һ֯·µĻ¯ѹ˳ʥ
ڳʥȼŻ˫ȭ֮¯ʱҶѸ˻¯µıըǳ׹䣬ƻʥĻ壬һϸ΢Ѻӡ
Ǭ󣬹
󷨸ʥ޷ںϻ֮޸ˣץסᣬҶٻʮǬ֮ɽͼͭںһ̶Žͼ罣һϯ˳ʥ
ͭ£Ǭü£ÿһǬ֮Хĳ˺ųʥĹĻ塣
΢࣬
ԽԽأʥ뵽ŭУӴӳ̫ҪĿĹâĻߣݺݵعסķҪ˺ƴص涴С
ľɣ
ʥѻ˲䣬ҶץסᣬٻɱﵻľƻľһĻߡ
ȻԳʥľ޷ֱӿɣ幥ȴҶѵĻᡣ
ڻľͷǿ֮ѹ£ʥѵĻ߲ϱľɣóʥ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʲô
ʥ£δоԼѵ岻ϱľɣ뵽֮УĹҪѸ뿪
һֱڰ۲ĻϣҲڻľɻʱ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
Ҳǵһμľоľ̺Լеһ˿ļ¡
Сһϵôô࣬ǷĿ͸Ļ𺣣ضŻľԽľԽľҶݲǿҵĺġ
ŻľɣϸоҶпܴ漣շʥ
ڤ
һ⵽ʥ񹥻ֵѺۣʱҶԼݣγ˴ƣݻĹڤǬһ𹥻ʥǿĹӻ˺Ʒʱ䡣

Ż岻ϱľɣʥ𲻵òͨԱ壬ǿ˺ѷ
ڣʥ𸶳˼شۣ˺˷󣬳˺ɫУʱһ屻ľɣټϸոԱʥÿǰ
Ž裬ͨ£
ڳʥ𼴽ӽ涴ʱҶӿնֱֳնɽĽâӡŷܵĴӡǣ¸գйĵѹµĴ֮һһʥĲ롣
ľѹ
ҶԽԽĻľѹ˳ʥһ壬ǿнѹ룬
ܿ죬ʥһ屻ľɣʣ֮һĳʥǱӽ˻涴С
ಣ
һ̶ƿҶ罫ľս壬Լٶȷɽ˻涴У׷ɱʣ֮һĳʥƱҪȫɣľշ
ӽ涴ʥջ涴еĻ޸壬ʱҶ׷˹ٿǬ
У
ʶǬʥ涴޾Ļ֮˿µУǬĹ
ͼƣ
ʥأγɵĻ󽵵ͣҶٻ˾ͼͼھѪžͼ۾֮鹥С
һϵܼıУб˺ѿһѺۣʥĲٴܵˡ
ûںϻ涴
ҵҪ˭ܺĵ󣡡
Ȼ涴ҶѹҲܴĸԣΪշʥҶǿ־ļ֣һ߿Ǭ󹥻һ߿ݹڤһĶãٿعŵ
Сһ̫ˣֶδš
ϷҶ꾹ͬʱݻ֮ŵž޲¶һ˿֮ɫ
оҶһ޵׶޷Ҷ翴͸
Ҷͳʥڻ涴мɱһʱڽֶΣµĹŵ˳ʥγɵĻС
һ̣ľ£ѹ֧飬صĳʥϣɫ룬ƽ˳ʥУĻ塣
գĳʥ𱻻ľˣʧȼյĻ涴С


1133 Ȼ
ľɹ˳ʥҶûоôѸ뿪Σصذػߣ˻ɫ档
ڻɫ棬Ҷ粢ûʥӵѰһ
ȻҶ粢ʥȣڹϣҶ粢ʥȹطͻӰԼμԡ
ţСô󣬾Ȼ뿪ػߣ
ƴְ¾ػһ¥ż䣬ȴܿӺ򣬿Ҷʮֵ͵뿪˾ػߣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҷļս޻ʾʵھػջҲ⣬ھ¥ĵصȴ
͵뿪˾ػߣҶûڷĻй䣬ص˿ջ
̫˷糾ڻˣ֪ھػջôշ˶ٻ飿
ҶصջʱΪ̻ľ˫˫ӦˣҶ纰᷿С
ջ񻹲Ҷ΢΢һЦȡʮŽŷӡȭͷСĻ飬ݸľ
糾ǡ
ҶʮŻ飬ľͫһ
ܽػߣĻ֣ʮŻ͵ر͸ɡҶ΢΢һЦ˵
糾̫ˣ䣬Ӧȫ֧㣬ο̶շһʦ㹻ˡ¶ӺݵЦݵ
ҾûаԼˣŽʮŻ͸ǣ
ȻҶھػв࣬ɱŮӵˣл˶ʮŻ飬͸ʮŻ飬Ҷжʮš
Ȼǿȴ޷ʥԼƷʣԻ˵ò
ðɣϷͺˣ
ʾ£ľʮŶ˵Ļ顣
˺үΣ˶ںϣҶʵ
Һ͸ϰ£̶ں϶ȴﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮһ죬ȫںϣʱܿˣĿмؿҶ磬˵
ǾͺãҶ˵ͷ˵үϣھػЩջ׼չؼգүϲҪ˴ҡ
İɷ糾ڣ˴չصģûжʣ˵ͷ֤
֪ҶеջǴδھػշĳʥ
ص䣬Ҷڷвƽƣϴһ裬һ£Ŵһ䵥ϥĴϣƻľǿĨȥʥǡ
ֻнĨҶʥ𣬽壬ΪľĴڣҶͬʱС
ҶƻľĨȥʥʱ⵽ʥǿҷκλľȫɳʥη޷ɫʴ͹
أʥԽԽģգľɫȫĨˡ
ڳɹˣ
Ĩȥ˳ʥǣҶ¶˵ЦݣںϳʥĶ̫ƣ籩¶һ뵽ǬС
Ҷ٣ôǼûжӰɡ
ҶǬʱǬǬоˣߣʵ
û£ҶҡҡͷȫԼǬǼúܺãƬͽˡ
ǡ
Ҷ罫ԵǬʱûоκˣо̺ԣǬе˲֮
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ĻꡣǬ֪½ûм䣬ɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ӵƬ꣬а˳ɵİգԶɹ췣ͻƵؾ
Ǭ򣬺úɣңһ죬Ϊ쾳֣վ֮ۡҶ翴鼤Ǭ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҷ٣ҵˣ򶫣ҾǬظ֤
ˣȥɣҲȥˣ
˵꣬Ҷҵһĵطľںϳʥ
ȻںϳʥĹʮʹ࣬Ҷ㹻ǿ־ǿȫס˳ʥʹ
ҶȫںϳʥʱػȴȻ󲨡
ȴʱӺ򣬷ܾδӾػг뵽С
ôܣܶʵ͵ƣôھػг£
ػߴѾãδ泬գȲܣӺ֪ܺܿܳˣ޷ʵ
˭ɵģ˭ɱҶ
ӺϲĶӣϣھػߣӺˣбŭŭ
Ӻ뵽ŭУͬŭѡ
Ůһ˼ʦѣھػߣ޷ʧ
ػ̫⣬ÿο䣬Ҫȷָ졣
ػܵ˵뵽С
߲ӻϿе֪Ҷڰػշʥ֮£ͬС
ܿ죬Ҷ籨ϢС


1134 ַ
糾ھ춼ǣ䣬ʱ䲻ʮأʦ
йҶϢ໥һۣȫе˲˼顣
ϢûɣǷ糾ֻʦʱô̡üͷ΢΢һ壬Щɵ˵
Ȼʦһи߸ϣλߣУʦ̫ͨˡ
ƽʱֵȼʦκεע⣬һͨʦȴ漣뵽ڻƷİػߣڻշؾܶ޷շĳʥ
ϴϢӦò¶һ˿ѰζЦݵСһеذӦò򵥡
ǰھػշʥǴʷǰ޹˺ߣʦʵ۵˵ͷ˵
ҪҪҵСһʦʵ
СһȻҪʵǾͲҪһеɣҡҡͷѰζ˵
˵û˵Сһ޵ǸĴУʵ
˵СһＯ󴫳崫У崫Уħ崫С˵
ʲôĴ󴫳һĸϹ̳Ⱦ֮ţƵһ𣬳Ծ˵
ˣСһҷһţ֮󣬿ַ֮ʽʼƵ˵ϣαʥʦѹȺ۶ѹһѹķͷ
ʱһȥҶ粻߲ںʱ䣬ڻľ£ʥΪһ塣
ڳɹˣ
Ҷ糤һ˽յӣ¶˵Цݡ
ʥ𣬳ʥ𣬱̫ɷҶٻ˰ɫķʥ𣬸огĻ֮¶Цݡ
ҶҪԿƷʥʱ᷿еһƲлһ΢ߵһʥս壬ص᷿С
Ҷɢнƣ򿪷ʱɫ޳ȹʤѩ׿׿Ľվ⣬΢΢һЦ˵̣ȫںˣ
ǰҾȫںˣһֱûҴ㣡¶һ˿˵ЦݣĿ͵ؿҶ磬˵糾ھػջô
ջܴǽ˵Ҷ΢΢һЦƯĽӭУʮŽĻ˳ݸ˵ǸģʮŻ飬Ӧû
˵ѾʮŻˣҲҪˣҡҡͷܾ
̣ô⣬ҿҪˣҶŭ˵¡
ðɣ
ҶЩԵĽʮĻԼУûپܾϲ̵ĽʮŻսǬָС
糾ھػߵջʲôȼĻ̸֣оҶջֹЩ飬ʵ
ʱ֪ˣҶ΢΢һЦص˵
ðɣҾ͵ʱˣҶ粻Ը˵ѩĽҲû׷ʣ鲻˷糾ʱ𣿡
ȥ䣿žĴһ˵Ḷ̌ҶЦʵ
ţַӣÿַǰףҲַ̯
ÿǰǣ˹Ħ⣬ַԱˡܵÿַԵ벻ıԺܵ͵ļ۸߱
û뵽ǻȺõط̽ܣҶ۾һַŨȤ
ΪලַкмٻƷַ֣еıϲﻻĽ׽зʽ㹺ҲֻüƷ꾧ף̼˵
ߣȥַ䣬Ա
꽿̽ܣҶ¸Ũˣһ·뽿ǰλڻǵַ
̤ųأһǿµַʱͷܶʮֵ֡
ַ洦ɼս޻ʣ˾ؾĴܣַ
ܶΧһӿ̯λԣѡǵıּ̯ۻۡ
ͬʱҲһЩ۹Ϻڸ̯λɣµ۾ַԱ
ͼ¹
Ҷͽ̸ոߵַɫƳۣ͸֮ͼɫȹʸţ罾ȸĵͬ£ַѡ
ͼ£Ҷ绹ַп½پš
ȻǿϢʵٵ͵ҲڻȻɵϢŭİǱܹע
Ҷ뽿һ̯λԱʱҶĸ֪ͻȻоһɱ֣ɱ֮ǿúܶη˱ᣬҿ
ŤͷҶ翴һɫȣ˫ϸ̷òǾɫȴӢˬ֮Ůӣһʵ
Ůӳ֣ͼ࿴ۣ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
Ůˣ½Ի
ŰȻĺŮӣҶ¶һ˿֮̾ɫһָоŮӵս»ڻʥ֮ϣ潻֣Լһʤ


1135 Ա
̣ȥǱ߿
ַԽԽ࣬Ҷɨһۣ٣뽿˹ȥ
ڽ̫˫ַʱúܶ˲˾֮ɫ
վߵҶ磬ȴ˴޵ɱˣʱҶѱһ˫˫ʵ񶴴ǧٿס
Χһ˫˫ʵķҶᣬȻݵĺͽ̲С
ţҶͻȻͣŲŽһΧ˵̯λԣĿͶ̯λһǰڷŵһȭͷСϡ
ȻۿЩͨɨʱȴԵĲһ£Ȼ貢򵥡
ͨīɫ裬Ե͸Ҷ꺣ͷ˳ע뵽Уһεһ֮͸
Լʱ䣬ҶջͷŵĻ¶һ˿ǳǳЦݣĿͶɫ鲼ۣͷһͷȵʵ֪ô򣿡
ֻﻻ׷΢΢̧ƵƤһҶ磬Щ˻Ƶ˵
֪ǰҪ׺
Ȼǰİ׷̬ӣҶȴ֪һλز¶ĸˣʵƴﵽؾʵ
ʲôﶼУǰǿۣ׷˻ɤӵ
ǰ֪ҽĻԽ𣿡Ҷ˼һ£ȡһƬĻ꣬ʵ
׷ǵ͸˵ľ⣬´˼Ҷ磬˻ɤӵĻȻ󣬵ƾһƬ꣬Խ衣
ǰ֪֪ļֵ𣿡
Ҷڰ׷۾пŨŨȤżӴ룬ʵ
֪õģо˺ܶ꣬δܽ⿪ܣĶԷ޷⿪ܣֻ˵ҺԵԲŻ׷˵
֮
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬֪Լʴˡ
Ȼ׷䣬ʱһ˫˫ȵ
Ϊһյأ챻̫֪дԣĶǾƷÿһļֵߵ޷
һŵ뻻ǰ裬֪𣿡
һۣͷڣʲӶصŨȤóһŵʵ
׷ƳһۻɽεĹŵûһ˿仯˻ɤӵ
ǰһżƷ뻻ǰ裬֪𣿡˱ۣҪ׷ס
׷ԹŵȤһܾˡ
ǰĻ꣬ǰΣҶ΢΢̾ϢһٵȴȥӼ۵
ƬҲ׷ҡҡͷ˵
ټһӵ֮֮ܵأǰӵЩӦɰգɹ췣ͻƵ쾳Ҷ˼һ£Ӽ۵
֮顭û뵽ϵﻹ٣׷˫̫ҪĿĹâֱؿҶ磬˻ɤӵƬ֮꣬飬ҽ軻㡣
ǰȻ˵죬ȴû֤֤ʵǰ޷ֵ֤Ƭ꣬һ֮ѾԶԶļֵǰִʨӴ󿪿ڣǰֻ÷
ȻҶԲŨȤȴᱻ׷ǣűߡ
⡭ðɣƬ꣬һ֮飬Һ㽻ˣ
׷ȷʵҪ֮飬ԥһ£Ҷ˽ףص轻׸Ҷ硣
糾赽ʲôȻ㸶ô۽нһؿҶ磬ʵ
ڻ˵һȥоһ¸˵Ҷ罫սǬУص˵
߰ɣȥ̯λ䣡
˵ţҶûڰ׷̯λԾôŽ̰С֣Ѹ뿪ˡ
ţһߺͻȻҶУͽ˹ȥ
߹·ǧҪǧƣۣͯݣϧʯ޾ѪС۸񹫵Ҷһˣ
һӲߣһưɫףżⶥСñͷߺţ
ߺУǰĻ𱬣ܶʿ׷ɵĽףõ̯λϳ۵ı
һһɨͷ̯λʣµıٴβһ£ҶĿһȭͷСɫľʯ
֪龧ʯô
Ҷ֣ץɫʯϸϸһʵ
龧ʯֻƷ
żⶥСñзСۣҶ磬Ц˵
ƷҶ΢΢һЦ˵֪⾧ʯʲô۱ȵ
Ҫ˵ļֵ˵ļֵ¾ͲֹƷˣͷЦݵ˵
⾧ʯˣ
ʱһĿ࣬ɫף䲻ӶҶеĺɫʯŨȤóһƷ
ȵȣ⾧ʯȿϵİɣҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵĽӣ˵
ӲмؿҶ磬˵ַĹأ˭ȳۣ˭ѵƻء
ַȷʵأСѣ´ǳ֣˾ҪԵˣ
˵ţżⶥСñߣҶȡ˺ɫʯ˽ס


1136 첻µز
֮ˣҪҪҰ͵
Ž֮Ҷ簵ջ֮ʣһͻȻĶС
˳ԴҶ翴һɫ絶㿡䣬΢΢¶ŷŵЦݵҡһȻ˹
ۣ
ӣҶϳûģ¶˵Цݡ
糾Щ椵ֶΣ첻ֱݵһˣȣ´ӰḶ̌˵续Ͼһ˳ǣٹ˹Ůʶһ𣿡
Ҷ磺
糾𣿡
ȵ٬Ļ̾µϸֳ˵ĺΣŤͷһԵҶ硣
ţѣ
ҶӣΪŮȴϲϷŮ˵죬Щ
ŮȰԶһ㣬һƤǣǧҪƭˣСıƭӣ޶쿴˵
糾Ѻ÷Ȥɫһ죬һ
ЦˣЦˣһЦɫ¶ЦݵḶ̌ζ˵Ů֪ոһЦһؼǿ׳壬Ĳ֪ʲô㡣
̣
죬ƤͲҪЦˣҶһۣû˵죬ոձǽߵľʯҺҪ֪ܰҵ𣿡
Ұ׼θлأĴ
̸֮лǲ̫ˣҶЦŻӦҪ³֮㰹ꡣ
Уͷǹҿ˰ɣҶһۣЦ

ˣңҽǶڿһ͵
ȵȣֻҪǺɫʯҪڿ㣡Ҷæ͵ڿԼ
һṦַͻȻһɧոһƷߺɫʯĽӿӣͻȻ׵ĵȻ󲨡
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ߵ޵ݵĽǺɶĿӣŭɱ˵ĳ嶯
ʱһЦ죬źɫʯˡ
㣡
󷽷ĽɫʯݸҶ硣
㣬ôģ̵ɴ˫ۣ˼˵
͵ãں˵
С͵̳Ծʵ
ô˵Ҹϲ͵Ůӵģҡȣŵ˵
߰ɣȥطԵʲô𣿡
ɫʯʧãҶã¶˵Цݣ˵
ûȤԱСɣȥȥˣϣҹܹһůģ˵ţҡȣƮƮӢת뿪ˡ
߰ɣǲҪˣ
ڵӰҶҡҡͷŽ̾Ҫ뿪
ͻȻһһٻӰͻȻ֣ס˶е졣
Сþˣڳˣ
˫ŭؿ쵱ƭףҧгݵ˵
ϣҵ˭ԭС椣Լĵ£û¶һ˿֮ɫζ˵С椣͸㣬ǲһֺοôأ
㣬޳ܡ¾µϸֳĲŭ˵
ҳ޳ܣ͵ģĲϲ㣬ͷҰɣޣ
󵨣ͼʱ֣쾪װŭϻƣҲ۸ģҿ
ôҪҶ֣޿ֵ˵ַ˽ƻԱ㣬ǲỹֵġ
壬ҷ޳ļһҾͲһֱַȥ
뵽Լ£ᱡԼ飬¾ͺ޵ֱǣǲƻأֻסеŭ
УΪŴġƲƲ죬ں˵үҾվҧҰ
СӣҪϣܣ
ͼؾһǿ꺣бӡǡ
ֻҪ뿪ַڵһʱӦ
糾ǸҲ̫˰ɣ
̿ŵͼµ죬Ϊ
һ첻¶µˣԳֻһ׽סΪģҶ΢΢һЦ˵
߰ɣǼ䣬Ҿﻹбԣ
ͼ͵£޿ֵ죬ҶεҡҡͷŽ̵ĸ첲뿪ˣַԱ
ַͷߵͷʱһۼʮʿ̯λע⡣
̯λڶı


1137 ı
˭ܽ⿪ӣϷ̯λϵĶѡһⲻֻϷһɣ
һ˫޻ףϲƣԲ۾͸ž֮ɫ鲼۵ߴš
ö౦
ߵߺҶͽ˹Ҷ翴̯λһʱ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
ŵƷƷףʮҩ
˵̯λÿﶼöɫǲֵ³һĹŵɵϹֵĹ
ַȻԻ
Ȼǰߺۣܲϸûһ˿緲һ㣬̯λϵıߺܲ򵥣ʵԺܿ¡
ǰƽľķҪ𣿡ʵ
ûУַƽƽУ㶯õԣֻҪƿƴӣ̯λϵĶǿѡһƽʱ䣬ֻһ㣡Ц˵
ġ
ߵĻԾԾϵڱĴûᡣ

ַѡģǸ󣬸ȱӻԾıս
𼷱𼷣һ
˵ȤȫϵЦݸŨˣָվǰһۣΧһȦŨں룬ʵﵽս޻ʾӵӴ󣬴㿪ʼɡ
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¶һ˿ϲɫѸվǰˡ
Ķעסֻһʱ䣬ľ䣬̯λϵıѡһߣһʱڣⲻľƣԼĵҵˡз۾˵
ãû⣡
ԳʵȫǿƽóһѺ̯λϣӹУ·𱻳ʮִľ䡣
ҿ
ӱһһǿĵб㼯˫֮УҪǿ˺ľĽƣǿдľ䡣
ľ俴ƴӽ̵ʹˣȴ޷ľĽơ
Ѫȼգ
ƽʧܣǺĻûзϧ۵ȼȫѪ仯ǿ޻̬һֻĵͻӰֳ壬ʵ
޻̬£ӱԷɽ壬ϺεŬ뾡취޷ƣ޷ľ䡣
Ʒƣ
޷˺ľƣӼһƷʹȫľ䣬Ȼ޷˺ľơ
أһʱȥˣ˸Ļƽʧܣһ
ӰһԳֶ󷨽ǰѹһʼƽľơ
ѪΪýƽ
ѸѪЩѪעĽ֮ڽľС
ʱһ֮ľӳƿƵϣ
һ̣Ľ֮ԽԽһεں˴ƵѪҺϱľ飬ʧ
ۣ
ûзϧ۵ѪѪΪýǿƽ
˺üѪ˶ЩˣδƿľĽƣʧˡ
ʧܸգһˮУ֪ⲻڱ壬ȫ侲
𣿻𣿡
߿ոӻԾȫʵˣ۾Ц˵
Ϸԣ
ʱһɫۣͷѩף̤Ż˹ѹһ̯λϡ
Ǭ੺ĺү˾֣
Űߣܶϳݣһ˾֣ʵ¡
ϣܳɹ
߽ľݸǬ੺Ц˵
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Ǭ੺ؿһۼ۵ߣӹľ䣬ϵһ飬һŵȼذףʹľһǡ
š
Ǭ੺һν£ɶϺӴȴδܺľƣ¶һ˿֮ɫ

Ǭ੺ɫһʵʮɣһµûذײϵػľһǣ˾޴µķÿҵĲ
Ǭ੺˾֣еذ׸ǹŵȫ£Ʒ۶ϣƫƫ޷ľơ
֮ͼ
๥޹Ǭ੺۳µĽ֮ͼĽ֮ڵͼйڽذУŹŵ͵Ĺ
ոһǬ੺ʹ˻δնľĽơ
ʱʱȥһ㡣
ͷۣ
ʱ䵽ˣƽʧܣе澡ʧǬ੺ûֹͣƽǱ仯ͷ̬붯Ҫƽ
ߣʱ䵽ˣҹ
߿Ǭ੺ΥԼģϵЦ˲ʧһֻϵƳӣ̤һ̽۳һֻ֣ץǬ੺
ͻ⹥һǻǬ੺Ȼŭֳذֱ̲񷡣
۵ֱֲֻ̫ѹذ׵ĹץסɫǬ੺Сһ㣬ֱӳַ
˻
ĿǰһĻΧ̯λܵ˵һߵþη־塣
ûҪһԣ
߲ϵ¶޺ЦݣűʵȫˣЦ˵
ʱ˶ʵˣûһ˸ڳԣոջѵ̯λܣʱ


1138 ԰
ÿµʵ
̾ηؿߣʵȫסҶ뿪
ԣ
ʱһɫ廢ƳۣƤ𪣬̤
ϢΧĿ˹ü֮͸ż°ƣʾĲ
籸裬ӣ
ɷӣܶϳݣǾӣһ˽ܵ籸衣
ôһλ֮ţȴ̫֮λӵ۷۷ӵӵľޡ
һѺ̨ϣ籸˳ŽƵľ䡣
һ̣һƻХĵһ̻ơƵսڵ籸С
סսʱ˵Ʒ˾춯صı仯ɱò־壬ҿ
׼ʥ˫ɱ
ŵ籸еսܶ˾ϳѵԾһʥʦʦ֣֮ķѪƳ׼ʥ֮һնǳ¡
籸裡
ԼݵҶ磬ƾ˵ĵ籸裬֪λӵʵΡ
ƣ
籸轫еľ߸ߵӿնͼ֮ͼֳ壬ߺһ˫ɱںһ𣬿µĵ˲䱬ڳ˸еϢͿ־塣
籸轫ͼݵ£ն˾׵һնľʱľĽͻȻҵĲѿһϸ΢Ѻۣľصڵϡ
ţû
ˤڵϣȴϵľ䣬籸üͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ոһޣͼݵ£㼫Ʒϣһľʱȴδܽľĸ⡣
籸¶˳Ծ֮ɫΧ۵Ҳ¶֮ɫǲţһľĽƾ˵ļ̣ס˵籸һ
СĹȷʵҪ˺ľƻԶ߿üͷĵ籸裬˵
ǰٳһһȻ޹ǵǰˣ
ȻߵĻЩ̶籸֪Լˣҷ˵
㣡Ц˵

籸һͼٴθֳ壬ͼݵʱ籸Ѹһ
һɱ޵Уһء
ֻǰһ籸е˫ɱնľϡ
µĵ˲˳ŵòʵã֮Ĳǿ˸εѣһƨڵϡ
ļս޻ʾḶ̌ͬһɱӰ죬˫һҶϡ

ľһ죬籸ڶȻľƣȴȻûнľ䡣
䣬ǰˣ
֮󣬵籸ûٳΪԼĹȷʵ޷ֱ˺ľƣٹȥûκ塣
ýˣܲ
߿ĵ籸裬ǵ͸һ˿֮ɫ˵
ûҪһԣûϺҿҪ̯ˣ߿һˣ˵
ӵ籸趼޷ƿľƣڳȫȷһ壬ľƸ򲻿
ȻûˣҾ԰ɣ
ʱһֱݵҶ翪˵ˣԼݣ׽ƵʵҵƽƵİ취
УҵƵ
Ż߳Ҷ磬Χ۵¶һ˿мǿӣ˾ĵ籸趼Ʋľƣֻļս޻ʾҶ޿ƿ
ֻǻȡ衣
ӣаգз۾´Ҷ磬˵
ʮİûУа˳ɣҶɫݵ˵
Ļʱƽʧܵĵ籸ɫȴЩѿ
ȻôаգǾ԰ɣϣ㲻ڴţЦ˵
ûпеĽƣӦϹţɽʥޣҹ۲죬ֻƣֻһ˿Уİٷ֮һ
Ҷóһö̯λϣǺܳǿƵľ䣬˵
ˣ
Ҷ绰䣬߻ǵб⣬ϵȫչ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
Сֵܺ
ܲƿԣ̯λϵĶЩ˷ܵشߴٵ
߼ģСҶȫɵۡ
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Ҷ˵ͷƣһľơ
һ̣Ҷָһָľϡ
ţҶջָֽ˾ֱָľƸ
ʱһҶָΪģٵӡ
ܿ죬ľƳݺύѺۣѺӵٶԽԽ죬ܿ鲼ľ䡣
һĻȫڳˣȫɵۣԼһĻ


1139 ر
⡭ǴͨõģݵһϷɡ
ӦòᣬͷˣǬ੺Сһ˳ȥӦòǰϷŪǣ
ҶʮָľƵһĻڳˣΧܵ۷׷ÿǰӡ
ʮָ֮Ҷ˫ֿٵᣬ۳һƽ֮ƣڽ˲Ѻ۵УһѺ޷ϡ
һ̣Ҷֽʮָ˸ոͬλϣһٽľƳ׵ˡ

ĿҶƿľƵһĻ˲䰲һ˫˫۾ɵùԲˢˢҶд򿪵ľ䣬ǰһĻ
㣬ƿˣĶƽİ취
߻ǵ۾б⣬ϡ䱦һ㿴Ҷ磬˷ܵ˵
ǰҿѡ˰ɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦɫߣ˵
ԣȻԣ̯λϵĶѡǵۣϵشҶ磬Ҫ
ҾҪ⻤ɡ
Ҷɨһ̯λöֵߣ׼ʥİɫתҪ뿪
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ʱͻȻץסĸ첲ˡ
ôǰ㻹£ҶŤͷ߲Цݵ¶ζЦݵ
Сѣæ³̯֮λϵĶѡߣЦ˵
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СѹȻǴˣֻҪСѰæһ㣡ϵЦݸŨˡ
񱨣ƾǰ̯λЩºͺ񱨲մߣ
Ȼ̯λϵĶֵߣÿһ˺Ҷ֪Щּĸ˵ϡУթϸĶ
ãֻҪСѰҽ⿪ҵС
ҶϵЦݣһҧǬָó屦Ҷѡ
Ѫ֥
ȭͷСͨɫڲ·лɫѪʣɢŹ֥Ҷ۾ʱ
Ѫ֥ļֵߣֻڽ֮Դ㴦ٶȼ仺ȭͷСҪʮ꣬Ѫ֥ԻԸ˵ֵʥԻǸԸ㾡һнжһ
˳Ѫ֥һ΢΢ЩƣһǵͼͬҶע⡣
ȻͼƣԵ͸ͼʱоͼģֻҪʱ䣬ݣп޲ͼ
˳Ѫ֥ͼҶ翪ʼ鿴Ȼ׼ʥȼĳǹһʮ׼ʥֵߣҶȴĿͶһɫĺӡ
ǰ֪ںǺҶʵ
Ѫ
۽Զһ£˵
ѪʥĺѪ
жԺѪĽܣѪ˵Ѫ֮һﲻۣʥմȾѪҲܵˣۿۡ
˵ѪһеʥĿǣֵɹ
Χ۵ˣҲкܶѪӵ籸裬ԺѪŨȤνõ
ȷʵֵҷѵ
ȻҶ֪Ͽ϶иرԼ϶թѪѪ֥ͼ㹻ֵȫ֡
ãֻҪܰƿ屦
˵ţߴǬָóһͨɫûκη϶ȻһķУݸҶ硣

об棬ſĽҶ۾Եȫȫ˳ε͸УѰŽƽڵ㡣
װģҾͲļս޻ʾʵƿ
ǰ˵Ϲʮ֮һסʥޣסǳƾǵУҲҳƽҿŪᱻ
Χ۵ˣԨ֮Ĵ֪ǾţҶ绹ٴ漣ۺı
ұ죬˭ڷϻҽӳ
Χɫһһɽϵͷųؾ
ɢƾ棬ѵ羪֮ʱʵˣʱȴûһ뿪Ƕ֪Ҷ絽ܲܽ⿪
ҶֳֺɫУϸոյԼһʱ䣬ҵʮ˴ƽڵ㡣
ԶϸܣһʮĴƽڵ㣬ֻнЩڵȫҵһһƣƵ
̫󣬼ݵһʱᶼ޷ȫʮĴؼĿռڵ㡣
ԥһ£ҶͻȻ֣ǧָ֮һƽڵϡ
ʱӡɫееĿˮҵķһϸ΢ѺۿɼٶȣĴӡ
ı仯ڳˣ߸˫ð⣬¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ


1140 
ϹʮĴռڵ㻷ۣܶռڵ㾹Ȼռڵ棬ҪȫĲס
Ҷ繥ʮ˴ƽڵʱȻڼݣϵ̽ҵʮƽڵ㣬һƽڵȴûҵ
һƽڵ㵽أҶüͷһ
˼һ£Ҷָٵص㶯һʮƽڵϡ
ʱɫеݺύѺۡ
ۿҪƣҶȴδܵһָգѺۿɼٶˡ
⣬СѣôͣˣҸоոֻһƿˣ
ſϵϵЦ˲ˣ˵
ʮĴƽڵ㣬ֻнʮĴڵȫҳƵҸոֻҵʮƽʧܣ
Ҷ绺۾³һĿضȫϵ뵽˼С
ңСѵı£һҳһƽڵ㣡
֪Ҷ绹һƽڵƵ˫¶˱ǳҪ⣬ȲҪ֪һõУ浽ײʲôܡ
Χ۵ˣҶĻɵõһ˼ر仯в²ݡ
Ҫҵһƽڵأ
ҶüͷԽԽٶԽԽ죬һʱȥˣҶȻûջ
ԣеʮĴƣһҳҪضķ
˼һᣬҶһоڡ
֮ͼ
Ϊ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬Ҷһ֮ͼֳ壬һ˵ڵͼлƣйĽ
֮ͼļս޻ʾʵ۳֮ͼѵڽڣǽڵĶţ
ţܣŹȻ
Ҷ۳Ľ֮ͼݣ˽
ҽڵˣ
ɫĻŨҽɱŮͻȻˣбս⣬°˵
ˣû뵽Ҳˣ
Ӣˬ͸ű֮ĺŮӣ籸۾һ¶ɴЦݣ˹ȥ
ˣԭ
Ȼ˺ٹȻ¶棬ȴܴ󣬽һһˣ콣壬˫һս޻ʾͽԲ磬аܼ½ֿȵľ֮һ
ֻ뿴ûֵҳֵˣһֻĿȸ˵籸裬ʲôʱҺúñһҿ⼸ɳ˶١
ã֮ô죿籸ĿȵؿŽʧ
˵ˣսʤңҾͼ޸㣬ĿǰʵҪһ˵ȫûи籸һӡ
籸ҲЦݵվڼߡ
ͻȻһ̶ƿ
Ҷ£ʮ֮ͬһʱ乥ʮƽڵϡ
꣡
ͬʱ⵽ʮ֮ƹٴγ˴Ѻۣ鲼С
ݵԣиоʮĸƽڵλá
Ȼͬʱʮƽڵ㣬һƽڵŻ֣
֤ʵԼĲ²⣬ҶûκεԥͭĻ꺣ԼٶȹһҲһĽڵϡ
ͭ꣡
ֵͭһ˲䣬˵Ŀⱻˣ°¶һ˿ɫ
꣡
ͭ깥£ؽƱ˺ѣһڵˣɫеҲ֮ʧˡ
⿪ˣĽ⿪ˣ
Ҷƿ˲䣬Ҷж˺ɫУϵƶһչˡ
СѣֶΰȻƿͭ꣬ǲ򵥣Ц˵
ǰǲǿѡˣҶ翴鼤ߣʵ
Ȼ
Ȼûд򿪺ɫУûǸобﲻʮʹ˵
ãͲˡ
˵ţҶ罫ѪͼͳѪ֥սǬС
ѡ걦ҶŽ뿪ʱͻȻסЦ˵СѣҾԵûȤϷΪʦϷĵŴӣԸ⣬ϷʱϷһ²㡣
лǰ⣬ûаʦĴ㣡Ҷҡҡͷίľܾ
СѣϷĸоԵ½ҵΪͽˣŵ棬ٿ£ʶҶֶκǱ߶ŨȤ
գʮɢ֮һĵգ
ԱţΧ۵˷˵֪Ϊʲôôˣվ˵Ĵڡ
лǰ⣬ûаʦĴ㣬ǣ
ȻݵΪʦҶ˿ɽϵ̫࣬Եֲ˽⣬Ȼľܾˡ
˵꣬ҶŽ̰۵С֣ڵźĿע£Ѹٵ뿪ˡ


1141 ˮ̵Ķթ
糾ľܾˣǿǵѽʮɢ֮һĸ֣ܰΪʦ罫˸㣡
յ̫ˣ޷Ҷ羹Ȼܾ˵ͽҪ
̣Ҫˣ͸㣡
Ҷ罫״Ưİɫ˳͸˽̡
糾⡭
⻤ΪѡģһѪ棬ҸϣҶ˽̵Ļ˵
лл
Ҷ͵۾гۣԹҧָһѪ˰ɫϡ
ţҶƵ󣬽״ĻĲϣʮ㡣
۰Ľ
Ҷͽ׼뿪ʱһöͻȻҶУһɫװҡһȣ羫ϸ㾫£ۣ촽һ̺죬ˮӲ⵴Ľ޵Ůͬ»˹
װŮӣҶͫײԾһ£û뵽Ĺˮ̡
ôҺ⣿
ˮ̺촽΢̣¶һ˿欵Цݣ˵
ȷʵе⣡Ҷ̹Ȼ˵
Ҿˣʲôֵģ㡭
ˣҲɵİɣʲô£Ҷˮ̵Ļ͸¶Լ̫Ϣ
׼תҪƬĻ꣡ˮ̿żɽ˵
ԣҪöҶ˵ͷ˵
ðҾһ㽻ôˮ΢΢̣¶һ˿֮ɫҰ㱣ܣƬ꣬㲻Կɡ
թҡ
ҶɫһЦ绨װ͸ű֮ˮ̣
ô룬ҲթɣˮһԶҶģþ֪ȥ½˶ɱˣеĻԵˣ˵ǻôԸ㣬᲻ɸֹ׷ɱ㡣
ãӮˣƬĻҸľǱв´ΣСġҶɫһջЭˡ
вˮ̴ҶĴ˵΢΢޵촽Ҷߣѵɱҡ
ŶĸоҶŵˮ̿³вһ˿
̲ȥˮǽε촽Ҷϣҧһ㣬롣
Ȼ̺ˮ̣ˮ̵̫㣬Ĳһֻܰջ
Ƭ㣡
ˮĵ۾Ҷ̾ϢһժƬ꣬͸ˮ̣Ž̾뿪
Ҷ磬Ů˵ļĿǺǿģҿϵˣҲͱŮߵĺܽ㲻£ԶһЩĿҶŽС뿪ˮ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ѣ˺ңҷĲŹ㣡Ҷͣһ£
ԭֻѰˮ޵ͻȻų˵ЦݵԸ͵ķϣҾɡ
糾Ů˭
뿪󣬽̻̲סʵ
һѣ
ҶҲˮ̵ʲôϵ˼ȥݸȷһЩ
ðԵ˵
ǲҪˣǻȥɣ
ˮ̣ʱҶ糹ʧȥȤ
ˮ˵ûҶȷʵ±¶ݣ֪Լݣ֪Լ޴½ĴУŹԼ
Ȼʵɱ˾֣ؾ쾳֣Ƕ֡
ҶŽ뿪ʱһ̯λͻȻҶĿ⣬Ž˹ȥ
̯λϣûκεıֻһɫ԰ףӽСòͨŲ·ϲŲѪۣӣɪɪŮӡ
һ¶һڶĻĽҹһˣŮӣϺõ¯ʵǵܼҵѪҲ˵˭ܽȥܽ˫˵ͨҵַܼõܼű
壡֪ʣ¶Ȥʼ۵ô
һһǧƷ꾧ܽߣЦ˵
̫ˡ
ֱۣ߱Ӵͷ
ȻǺܺõ¯ʣŮӴͱƣνܼѪ޴ӿټòڣҲͨúֱܶӴ˻Ǯȥ˫޵ͷ
Ҷ߰Ȥ۸̸壬һ߿Χ۵ˣԼ۾ߣ
ˣ
ʱҶŽ˹ĿſһɪɪֻŵĽСŮӣ˵
һʶˣ˫ޣζһŮܱȵģùӲ´
ҶҪ򣬼¶˷֮ɫ¶Цݣ˵
ߵĻӵĽСŮֱӽԴ˫֮䣬Ե쳣ֻź衣
һǧƷ꾧ҹٷϻһ䣬Ҿɱ㣡ҶɫһɱȻľ
ǡ
Ҷɢɱ⣬߲˵һƷ꾧Ҷĵһ뿪ˡ


1142 
Ҫ£߰ɣ
Ҷ绺ߵ˽СŮԣǬָȡһۣڸס¶˿˿ӣ˵
оҶٶСŮ΢΢̧ͷҶ峺еĲһЩҧһ·׵촽վ
ģҲ˺㣡׽СŮ۾ؿ־΢΢ӣҶ紫ҺܼЩԨԴȹʱ䣬ؼҡ
ؼҡ
ؼҶ֣ŮӵӲһ£׽ٰĥѾ˵Ҫؼңһεĸоһġ
̣չ˺ǻȥ
ַɱˣҶ粻ƻأԼߵĶУҶͳֽɱˡ
뿪ʱҶһӡǣ׼պˡ
Ҷ磬̣СַɣʯŴʱһоųߣɫƳۣǿ׳ɢǿѹȸУһ˹
λѣɷһ˵
Ҷߣ˵
𣿡
Ҷ̧ͷһۿӣ䲻ȵ˵
Ÿнñ½Ƭ֪꣬𣿡ӿżɽ˵
˼ĻҲˣ½ˣҶҡҡͷίľܾ
ǸȿҵĶ㲻⣬Ҿǿ󣡡
Ȼӵʵܿ£ȴûǿǿѹˣϿҵ˵
ǺðɣǾҿıɣ
Ȼ󣬶Ҷ粢׼תԽô󣬶ҿ̬ȲóıܴԼ׵δɡ
ãһȸһƿػҺһƿ֮ˮ֪ܻƬ𣿡óʵ
óҶʱŨȤ
ȸʥȸë᲻ɴݣ׼ʥëл̺ȸѪɴҶĽѪ
ػҺ֮ˮҶôͬǿ˲ָ֮ˮҶ˵
ӵ֮ˮҶͿɺ޹˼ɵĶþ赹ˡ
Ȼó֮ˮͻػҺ࣬Ƭ㹻ˡ
ã㽻ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˽ס
ʹ죬ҽ䣬ѣ
Ȼ֪Լóֵߣ˵Ƭɹ췣ʵĽ¶˴ֿЦݣҶļ
糾ҶΪ˺ˬûмӵЩøУԱź֣һ£ˣ
ãпһȾƣ˵ͷ˵
뿪ַҶ¶Цݣû뵽˴ַջô󣬻ܼҵĺˡ
ţɱ
ҶẒ̌ŮջȥʱҶĸ֪ͻȻһŨŨɱԼ
һ̣ӳȥ澡ʧǬ੺һֵս˳סҶˡ
Сӣ˵ϼһӣõļǬ੺ĿؿҶ磬¶ŲЦݣ˵
ôйϵ𣿡ҶɨһǬ੺ˣػӦ
ȻԷ˾֣ŭҶ磬ٻܣȫɱ
үõĺѪѪ֥ЩȤ֪Ըүң뱾Ե𣿡Ǭ੺¶һ˿թЦݵ
֪ʲôǮҵĺѪͳѪ֥Ҷɫ䣬䲻ȵʵ
һǧƷ꾧ĺѪͳѪ֥ôǬ੺˵
ô󷽣ҶЦһô󷽣װɣûȤ
㲻⣬һǧƷ꾧ôǲԿɡǬ੺¶ɭȻ֮ɫɱȻв
Ǭ੺ȰòҪǾ˺ǣԲŹģɫһ䣬Ҷǰ
ϣ˵㳤ôôˮ飬ԭǽǸŮ˵ŮǬ੺¶һ˿ЦֱؿŽƯ˵⣬ҵǻֱ棬㻹С
Ǭ੺ҷЩ궼ˣѵֻ۸𣿡
ʱһȥ̤ųصĲϢѹȸУ˹

Ҷ翴ͻȻֵ䣬סеɱ⣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
û뵽ʱΪ
䣬ûʲô£ʲô֣Ǭ੺ſߴһ䣬˵
糾ҸոϵѣߵľӲСˣҴһӮңϵıؿɫǬ੺˵
㣡
Ǭ੺ŭŲһ˿䣬뵽ʵݣǬ੺佻֡
Ǭ੺ˣ
Ǭ੺ηʵɫѿȴ֮ʱһζ
ɫ廢Ƴۣľӵ籸裬֮Ůӵ콣Ľһͬˡ


1143 ʤ
籸裬ˡ
ŻĶˣͫΣյ״¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȻʵǿǬ੺в籸ͽʵȺ
ӵ콣壬˵Ľˣɵѡ
ôǺһ֮ѣҲǿǿ
Ҷؿʵɲĵ籸裬߰ûһ˿ĽˣηĻ˵
Ҳ㽻׶ģսģһֻ߰Ŀȸ°˵ҽҵս𣿡
ûȤ
Ҷ翴һӢˬ͸ű֮Ľˣؾܾ
ģҲ۸㣬һὫʵѹƵһľ磬ռ˵ģ˽˵
Ҳ㽻֣㣡Ȼ㾳ҸߣҪңҲûôףҶ΢΢һЦƽ˵ֻûȤѡ
𣿡
ɫһһɿµĽɢɽ֮ǿòһֱڲϵĸо
еܽ뿪˸߸߾һӲӣƣ󣬴ﵽƷȼͽָҶ
Ҹո˵ûȤ㽻֣Ҷ翴Ž޵ףϲ˵
ɲ㣡
˵ţӲѹƵļս޻ʣһ֮Ʒ壬㼯һֽ֮ͼҶ硣
һʮ˵֮ƣ
о۵Ľ֮ͼһʮ˵֮۶ɣҶ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫǿĽ֮ͼǵһμ
һ飬ԸԸͽָҶ磬ʵ
ˣʵ
ȻҶûþѹ֮ͦս߰˵
ɣҶһƷ콣˽ˣ˵ʤ
⻹ˣ
˵бһ⣬ֳĽ֮ͼ޾Ľ籡Ҷ硣
һ̣罣֮ŮʣηĤݡ
̣һΣգǧҪκηһὫǴ͵һȫط
Ȼ˽˾ʵѹƵļս޻ʣҶȻᵽŨŨΣϢ³⣬̶˴
˵ţĽ֮ƸֳҶ壬۳˽֮ͼµĽƳ
ѽ
Ҷеĵ콣籸͸һ˿ɫԺ˼ǧ
һ
˽һ֮ƻ㼯ͽУһâݻϵĽһɱҶ硣
ݻ⽣˹Ȼпʱ
ʶһ֮ҶͫΣյ״ԼݣݻŽһ
ǧƵ
ۿݻϽĽâҶؿڣҶˣһ̤˽¼Ӳשֳֵ콣ӭȥ
һûκεĻڣûжκεĵ⣬ֻƽһ
һȴ˿ɵİǧԾԵ˽ݻĽϡ
꣡
âڰײһγܼҵĶԳ⡣
գޱ߽âͬʱˣɢڰС
š
Ȼ类ѹƣ޷ǿĹһȴں˽֮ͼİ˳ɹһս޻ܵġ
ҶȴƾƵԼݻĽԾ֮ӵķŭŭҶӡ
˵ٴη仯欵ӳ˾ɱ⡣
ɱͽںһʱγɵĿ˸εѣһ˿ս
ɱ⽣˲輫˺ѱɱŮ֮ĳˣɱ߻ħˣ
оŽɱ·һҶҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ڶ
˻һ䣬˾ʧˡ
ʧ˲䣬ռгһĨââ·ڵϢһ
ݵ˽һĹ켣ҶĽ֮ͼˮڽ˵콣У˵顣
Ҷһ콣ڽһֹ켣У̳˼һ
һնľ콣ںһ˾ǽˣֱ˴ˡ
ˣ
콣ͽײһ𣬿µĽնһ£˲䱬Ŀ½ƣ˲һ򽣴ĵĸо

콣ͽҶԳʱ˴̳˵
꣡
Ҳͽиֳһɫ񽣣Ȼͽʽһģһĵȼȴﵽ׼ʥ
һʮֵͻȻһգɱٵݣﲻƣأһЯ޾ĵ̣һնǳ
ͭ꣡
Խ˴̳ĵҶ˵콣ٻ˳ͭڽ˱Уȫӭ
ͭ£Ĺӵ˼£µĽâŽ֮ǧ·̴
ʯ䣬ٴζײһʱ·һͣˡ
ಣ
Ҷ뽣˵ٽǻĿռ䣬˴Ľ֮ơ
ý
Ҷͷһؿ·һؽۣתӣ¶һ˿ѵЦݵ
Ҳܲ
ȻûгֽˣһѪ˳۵ֱ˳δڵϣĿġ
Ӳƴƽɫ


1144 콣ĳͻ
ˣˣ
籸迴ֱѪɫһ䣬æǰѯơ
û£ҡҡͷȼܵս⣬ҶҺڴһսϣ㲻Ҫҵ̫á
ȫս֮򣡡
Ҷ֮飬´֮޸ؿڵƣ޾
֮侳̫ˣҲմôˣ㣬Ҳûʲô壡˵
һŮˣҶ΢΢һЦЩͽս°İǡ
߰ɣ
ĸһԵĵ籸裬˵
ȵȵȣһ
籸迴ߵ콣Ҷ磬˵
籸裬㲻ֵ۵°ɣüͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿Цݵĵ籸裬ʵ
ȻЩһѹǿǿֻȡرӦҾһ籸軺˵£ûϴǵ콣ɡ
ϴˣ
Ҷ֪콣Ǿ֮ȴûй黹Ĵ㡣
вϣ֪ûϴѽǵ콣Ҿʵ쵱һ彣籸ݲȵ˵֪¿ɷԸ⽫˽黹ҾģҲҪ콣Ը͸һƷΪ籸迴ƿ˵
˵ˣϴˣⲻ彣Ҷһ͵콣սǬУ˵
£콣ȻȼߣҾ˵ȴһʱ¹黹籸費ĵ˵ֻҪ¿Ϲ黹¿ᡣ
Ȼ籸ûκε⣬̬ҲʮֳϿңҶȴһָоִҪص콣ĿĲ콣һܣһԼ֪ܡ
֣Ǻڡ̣߰ɡ
Ҷû籸Ž̺ܼŮ뿪
ȵȣ籸΢΢һҶǰ˵ķҪұ
ҪੲݣִҶӭŵ籸תӣη˵
ô鷳ˣҪҪҰʱһöŮͻȻ
װڰˣյˮ̣ҡȣͬ˹
ˮ̣
ͻȻֵˮ̣籸üͷԵһ£û뵽ˮ̻ʱ֣ΪҶͷ
ðǾҸһЩĲӬҶ翴һģˮ̣΢΢һЦ˵
Ҫص콣ٳˣݹҶ㲻籸ɫһŭ˵
籸裬˺αӵװɡˮҶߣ˵֪Ϊʲôʱܸ۷Ϊ̫α̫ˣϣһ졣
ˮ̣ȰòҪŭңҶ㲻ˮ̵ڽ⿪˰̣õ籸߳ŭؾ
ðҾͿôҲˮȣ촽΢̣޿ֵ˵
ȻʵԶԶ籸裬ʵǿ涯Կ
ҵ۷ΪӺ󣬲ϴ籸ƿصһ籸Լͻ֮ķһᱻ۷ץסѱһ
ˮ̣ҽŻ㱣ס콣ұû
˵ţ籸ó˴Ѷ飬ͼѶ콣ֵϢ
ߣ
籸赱ڸͼѶˮüͷ΢΢һ壬ϵ
ͼھƿʵȨĴƿżӴ棬齫չ޷Ťתľ档
ߣδǰ˭ߣ籸΢΢һͦεӣҶǰ
ƾҲң
Ҷ۾бŨŨĺ⣬Ѫ׹ǽ֯֯ɱɢɭȻ˵
Ҷ磬㲻Ķ֣ͼδǰ뿪Ƕţ
ˮ֪籸ʵҶԿһץסĸ첲ߴٵ
ңͼˣҲ˺ңҶ۾еԥˮ̼
Сģ
Ȼˮ̸ոնթΪջ𣬵Ϊ֮ʱˮͦҶΪжһҪǿ뿪
˵ˣδǰ㲻ߣ
˵ţ籸йĵ⣬һˮкذĵâն䣬նҶǰ뿪Ļᡣ
Ҷ籸跢ͻüͷ΢΢һ壬оҪҪæ
ȻǬ੺ȴòӾӵ籸裬˼ͻһϵк
գ̾Ϣһ˰Ҷͷ
Ҷ׼֮ʣһϢԶԶӿɫƳ۵ͼԲƥе̬ˣֱӶҶǿͻΧͷ


1145 Ҿ۸
壬еʵ彣콣ұø߼۽彣ȴ˳ִⲻ֮£ֻܾˣͼʱ籸дϲǰ
ǵ콣
ͼ纮ǰӱ⣬üͷҶ磬˵
ţóһ֪ˣ籸蹧˵
СҼ㣬ӦҲҾ˰ɡͼλߵĿ˵콣Ҿ壬㡣
үҲ֪ʲô콣үſѲҵ壡
Ҷѽ콣սǬУͼͨı£ҲܴǬиӦ콣Ĵڡ
СȻҲ֪뽿ʲôϵϣǣ𣿡ͼһԻĿҶв
ͼвҶɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˲вȴ
Ե콣ӣȷ콣һ˵ܣʵڲ뽫ܹ黹
ھ潩֣ҶԺһͷΪʱһϵͻȻ
СӣҪҪҰæϰΪʦϷҽͼͷ
գ
Ҷüͷһƣаϲ
ʵǵλͼ޷ձȽϣΪԼͼǿҲûá
Ҷһ˹ˣȷʵݵΪʦԼϵܶԼ
ͼҰĹͣ˺ҰһΪӻعġˮҧһ˵ĺ촽վҶߣ˵
ߣһɴ˵ҾѵҪһС͵ɣͼһݺ
ͼ׻ôˣ۸һ󱲣
ͻȻһݺٻӰӳ»
һɫˮɴ֬Ͼòʳ˼̻ľɫŮӣ˵˹ȥ
񣡡
ͼüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽ڹϣʮɢ֮һųһ˵֡
糾ּˣ
ɫȹ£ļ͸ŵۣ촽õ廨㽿ΣòĻ΢΢һЦк
ǰգôˣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ȼȹգ޽飬ʵ벻ͨʱְԼ
ģ΢΢һЦö˵
ҪΪͼɫ쳣ѿ˵
Ȼص콣ִΪҶѰˣʻûȴʵ
ͼȰòöҪвҲ棬Ҳ㣬鷳Įؿͼһ˿˵
š
ԴвĻͼɫ쳣ѿ
Ҷ¶һ˿ɫʵ벻ͨ½˭ΪԼ
Сգ˵ʲôְͼʱһ̾
鲼ۣƼͨĵһˡ
ͷҪСգҶ㲻
նԼĳƺʱŭˣ羪κһ籡Цĵա
Цô𣿡
С۵ָյһ£ʱǰĿռֳˮƣɢͷŵƳ
ǿֵʵ𣿡
Ȼ͵ֻ֣ҶȴظоǶ˵ĿʵҲײ˲ֹͣһ¡
ɣպȫ֣ĿռټҲ
Сӣһ飬ݲϷΪʦΪʦҲͷһôպͼˮӣףʵ
գ㲻Ҫ̫
ͼĿҪˣΪүմȨܹ裬ŭ
Ҿ۸㣬ܰռûиַ緶ָ˿۱ӵҧҰ
㡭
ͼû£۾Ļ·Ҫڻ
յʵ̫£쾳ޣһս
ϣСͼͼƢˣҺˣ
տŭĿԲðɵͼָһһոտٳʮֶĵıʺ˳ȥɫͼ
ͼҪ㣬ʺ紩Խʱգصصϣƿ˳ȥ
ˣҲ۸ˣжԶҹԶҼˣҽǵ򣡡Ƴһ۱ʺˣѪͼԵľ
ߣ
ʶյʵͼֻҧʣűסĵ籸裬˶ˣǱ뿪ˡ
ңҲߣҲߣ
Ǭ੺յĿתƵԼϣӶһ£æ˵
һ̰ɣ
һǬ੺ֱһӣһ쫷磬ֱӽǬ੺˾ˣ֪׹η


1146 ͽ
лǰ֣
յʵҶһαסĵĸм
Сæѣϣհ˰֣ں˵Сӣ֪ҵˣҪҪΪʦ
⡭Ҷԥһ£ͻȻ˲ԶḶ̌ʵ̣ûȤݵΪʦеոǳͼұǡ
ҺݵǰΪʦǰϵ㣬ҡ̴
㲻ԾУ취ݵΪʦҶ¶˵ЦݵǰҪͽҵиѡǰƼ֤ǰ⣡
ѡ㻹㣿ղΪȻ˵
֪ǰ𣿡Ҷʵ
壬ѵһ壡۾һ
̣Ҷ罫̺ߣ˵̾ѵһ塣
ৣ
һ˫˫ԾˢˢͶЩȻḶ̌񣬶ͷϸѿһۣ·Ҫ̿
Ҷ˵һץס˽̵һǿĻ˿С
壬壬廹ˣޱȵʵһ齿̵壬¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ˷ܵ˵Сû뵽صô㣬ʲôˣ
ǰøոͻƵؾ
ڵǰ̲ʵ˵
ļս޻ʾʵؾ꾳磬Ȼ֪꾳磬ϵЦݸŨˣʵ㣬ԸԸΪʦҵյĿɽӡ
Ը⣬ʦǰɷĸͨһ
ͱյʵ۷ܰݵΪʦ˸۸ĸŮˣлվڶ½֮ۡ
̣үֹǰΪʦģеǰǸҪĸŮصĶ˽ҶԸǣҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ʲôҪءһˡ
½ֻнһ壬Ǳǲ£ʵԳԼǼ̳²õѡ˺
Ƕǹȥˣ̿һЦݵҶ磬֪ǹģ˵
ңʲôô󵨣ͽأջ˵
ǾӺ򣬵ạ̇̄Ѿ⵽ӺĶˣҶһԽӻ
ӺôĹŭ˵ߣʦȥ㱨𡣡
ŻδͽͿʼ̵ĵգҡҡͷջ˹۵糾ȻѾûˣҺվˣúñܶ˶ڴеı֡
ܶˣҶüͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿֮ɫ벻˭ôעԼ
ͻȻҲС
ǰģһȫԸġҶ˵ͷ֤
ã
˵ͷŻվҪ뿪
ȵǰһѪ֥͸ǰɣ
ҶڵԲ۾ע£ոմǵõĳѪ֥͸һԵ
Ѫ֥
̫壬Ѫ֥ĺôԶ
Сӣ԰ҸĶôˣЩ˵
ǰ͸ôһͽܣѵȲһѪ֥𣿡ҶЦЦ˵ԺǣߣǰкҪܷԸǡ
⻹񻰣Ҷŵ¶Цݡ
ԭǵͷѪ֥ҼǵԳѪ֥ĺܱģû뵽ȴ͸㣡ͻȻųʻҪֵЦݵѪ֥ȷʵãҾͲˡ
˵꣬˳Ѫ֥Ż뿪ˡ
ҲˣסǷҵĶ飬ձʮ
һˮ̴һߵҶߣ˵
ã
ˮĵף뵽ոͦҶûж˵ϻʮʹĴӦ
⻹࣡ˮ¶һ˿Цݣͬ£һֻĿȸ뿪ˡ
ǰ糾ҲˣһʹʹһҲûоôһת뿪ˡ
߰ɣȥǸʲôӺҵҪǼһǲǳıӵ˺ұͽܣ
ȻûʽʦȴȫԼͽܣ֪Լʦ
˰ɣԥ
ʲôãҾǸӺ򿪵þ֪ͽ˭۸ġհԵ˵
˵֮ʣһϤӰҶУӰҶЦˣЦ쳣ãû뵽ڹϣӺͶˡ
ǰǸɫۣųڵ˾Ӻ򣡡
ҶָŸոմַ߳ɫ鲻ѵӺ˵
ߣȥӺ򣬿ǲǳıӵ
ջǵ۾б⣬˻Ӻ򣬴Ҷӭȥ


1147 ̵ĵ
Сӣվס
鲼ۣޱ߷ĵյӺǰ˵
ģǲҳȫ㣡
ܵӺһӻ޴йҶ磬̴һ۵ͷһ·СԼеŭɽһըˣݺݵ˵
ôӺ򣬵㻹ִԲвҺ̵ѵû𣿡ҶһӣӺ
ģ˵Ӻ򲢲ʶգһ˵Ӿŭӣкܶ취˼㽿ǸɧǣҲа취Ը
㣬㲻ǺС˵
ҾˣܰôӺǺο˵Ḷ̌˵ĸŮ˿ϸůҵŮˣҵǿԿһǾ͵ҵıɡ
ӺΪͼ޿𣿡Ӻ򲢷ҶĿ꣬Ŀͼ
Сӣ㻹֪үɣ㣬үһ򵥡ӺĴЦ
ž
Ӻ֮ʣŭĵպݺݵسһƣһƽ˳ȥݰŴѪ˳صˤ˵ϣðǡ
ģôĹҴң
ӺűһƳգڵһֻŭʨ
ԽԽŭУһֵͼȽȽʱ׼շһ
Ӵľ㣡
ŵΪŰӺ򣬵ŭˣһǰ
һָ˵ͼŲЬĽţһ߷ڵϣȵѪعǷ顣
ү
ӺΣգ˵գҪձˣӺ

ŭһһǿ緢µĴֱ֮ӽ飬Ӻ˳ȥˤԶ˹ȥ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ĿõһָͼһĻӺɵˣٽҶո׻ʱоԼ뵽һȦС
Ϸ˭㻹֪˵ڣͼƥѶ㣬һʱŤ㲱ӡ
ǰǰһᣡ
ָͼڳΪƥӺɵˣ߶µ˵
ҵĻϲظڶ飬ͼƥһʱ䲻ȡ㹷ղһ˿˵
ŵɢɱ⣬Ӻ˵ӶµԽģնΪ֮£ֻóѶ飬ͼѶ
Ȼһʺɣ澡ʧͼӺ£뵽ӺϾˣΪ˲£ջǴĸ˹
ô
ͼһŵ⻯ɵӣŲӺؿڣָűӵĵʱɫ˲ˡ
û뵽Ӻôۣ˸ոĵգҪǣԼ޲ǰӺ
Ȼˣʲô
տվԶԸͼˣ˵
ǰҪ֪ƽôǰòҴǰͽ
ʵԶʤ첻µزµĵգͼòΣʵ
ǰ
ͼȻƺΪǰӺŵѪɫĸǵ뵽Ԩ
ٸҴʲôۣ㣬С˰ɡ
մűʺָӺմմλߵĿʵ
ǣ
ͼӲͷƤ˵
֪ҪıͽܣҾ𣿡ռʵ
ǰҪᣬĲ֪飡ͼɫһ䣬æƲϵ
Ĳ֪飡Цһͽͼƥ򿴿㡣
ǣʦ
̻˹ɵ˵
⡭ǰͽܣͼɴ˫ۣӰƯḶ̌ŵ
ҸոյͽܣҲΨһͽܣΨһļ̳ˣǾȻͼıϷΨһͽܣϷϺ˵ҸγͽأͻȻת䣬˵

ǰᣬԭ֪Ҫ̹Ϊͽ
ȻպͼҵҼŭֻҧʣϵؽ͵
ãҿԵ㲻֪飬̫ɺˣ޷Ҵͽûɣؿűץͼ˵
ûУǰͽҶû
ʱͼǵӺ
үҡ
ͼԼӺ˵
ۣ
һѪͻȻ𣬵һָӺϵһΪ
ͼƥҼס֪㵨۸ͽһң۵Ҳס㣡ؾ
еĵ۵Ǿʡ
֪ˣͼҧ˵
ˣûʲôˣжԶҹԶ
һץȥɷ˵ӺץУӸɫ࣬ûµͼ


1148 ص
һˣ
Ҷһ˸ոջصջЦ绨Ľ˷ܵغ
̵ľţŽ§һ鲼ۣͨ߸첲Ц̵ؿǡ
̶λǰǣ
Ȼûɢһ˿Ϣòʮͨʱȴо֮ʵ
Ҹոϵʦ˷ܵ˵
еΪĸŮ˳½˸۸ĸŮˡ
ʦȥһˣһʦľ໥һۣ˵
ү̰ݵʦɲ򵥣ԾӣҶ΢΢һЦǰ½ʮɢ֮һΪʦˣܴŵ⡣
ա
ľɵõһ˱ȫˣԼĻ
ѣں˵̵ĸװɣҺϲŮ츳Ǳͽܣ֪Ը𣿡
Ը⣬ҵȻԸ⣡
Ϊһ֪յĿ£ʼ˵գҲдƣܰΪʦպķչ
Ǿͺãû飬¶ЦݣСӣҪҪٿ£ϷΪʦ
ǰ㶼ôõͽܣͲҪĺĵˣҶ΢΢һЦ뿪Ц˵
ʲôгĺģСӻ᲻˵ŭˣյΪͽҾѾ֪ˣͲˣպҪæĵطɲƴǣȻƨɡ
İǰӦǰģȻҶظ֤
Ҷ֮ĶԻеɻ⿪ˣµܰݵΪʦһҶйأҶ˸м
ˣʱҰǰӺСӷˣֽѵһͼǸƥ򣬽۸ǣջ˵
Ȼ˵ʮɣУȴ쾪ף˶ɵˡ
ϵӺ򣬽ѵͼҲֻеֶ֮ͨһ
߰ɣǽݣʽΪͽ
ȻʵˣҲгңûйȵĸߵͽֻǵҶ磬˵棬ý˰ʦ֮ʽΪͽ
̣ʦ͸ʦ֮񣡡մӻһʯƵĵ׹ʦһյأɱġ
ڶһƷʥȼͼɹأС׼ʥ˾Ҳֺ
Լѡɣ
˵ţó׼ʥһ׼ʥʯÿһļֵɹϣԶѹıҲۺ졣
ʦҪǸҩ
һ۾Ϳһͨɫ̻һֻˣɢŹ׾֮ҩ
һָоԼܵõҩԼĳɼԻһȡԭĳɼ
̣ʦ֪ʦһ;мǲɷңһ޳ɣʦԽҩ㣬㲻ɽ̫ľڵϣһлҪ޵Ϊءѵ
İʦͽ֪أֻ˶һ³ɼʦˣ˵˵ģõպǻϲ
ãҾͽ¯͸㡣簮ؿẒ̌ʮʹĽ¯͸
ллʦ
̹ڵϣֹĿͷŴӵнӹмеϡر
ղʮɢ֮һʵ̫ˣ
ŵ͸̵ʦ֮Ҷ綼ĶѣҶģȴǿ
欣׼֮󣬴뿪ȥ֮Խ̵޵պŽ̷ϵ裬Ӻݻʵ
ȫǰģʲôʡĵĵطǰൣ
ʶ͸̵İʦ֮׷ԵΪԼеŮˡ
ϷⱲӾ׼һͽܣһѧڣպĳɾͣԱǿԽԽ⣬ŵ
ˣĸŮúžۼհɣϷȥѺȾȥϷͽϢ̶ٰթر
ȵǰ㽻ǿ֪𣿡
ԸӦҶоոոóǿѰҵص
Сӣ֪ļֵʲôЦ˵⿴Ҷĵ̡
һΣҶ˼һ˵
ݣû뵽㾹ȴ˵֮̺ʮص⣬һݻԶһպŲ裬˹˵
ʦͽص糾ɣҡŵյĸ첲˵
ֲͽܣҵĺöȫҪҵĹͽܡζ˵
ǰ˵⻰̫˰ɣҲһ죬ǰҪСӰæĵطأ
СӣвϷˣЦðɣôõĹͽϣҾͺ㽻ˡ
ллǰ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһݴӵｻ׵ص
ˣˣڴеı֣
ս͸˽̣΢΢һһ磬ʧ
糾ллΪôһλʦһݣ
뿪мؿҶ磬ؾһ
үˣҶЦЦ˵үٰܰһ䣬տһ𣿡
ã
һ۵Դ¶ηͱ΢֮ɫܼŮӣûжʣڸڿһ䷿ٺ
ؼң㱣֤󲻻۸㣡Ҷ翴ܼŮӣ֤
лл
ܼŮӭҶ峺۾ͻȻ£Ҷͷ
ٺܼŮӣҶصԼ䣬ڷвһƣ콣ȡ˳ٻ콣飬Ҫ֪콣ʲôܡ


1149 ǵʥ
飬㣬ǲʲôң콣ǲǻŴܣ
⡭
飬Ҫ֪ڲˣŲҽ𣡡Ҷɫһв
ϢŭҲֻǲȷǸطǷ񻹴ڣ鿴Ҷףæ͵
ң콣ʲôܣҶ粻ݿܵ
콣ûܣҪջص콣ӦΪң콣Ҷв£ò˵꣬ˣ֮зһϹҩ԰ĿģӦþпʧ˽Ϲҩ԰ĵͼ
Ϲҩ԰ҶüͷһƣʵڻܼϹҩ԰·𣿡
Ӧò࣬Ϲҩ԰нƼ࣬ҺܶѾͨ飬ʵ£Ҫշף˵쾳ʵŽշ콣
ãʱ죬ȥһ֮еϹҩ԰
֮ҶڱУΪڶ֮أ֮У̳崫ѶȼҶ׼ս޻ʻͻƵʥ磬ȥѰ崫֮أ˳ȥһϹҩ԰
֪˵콣ܣҶ罫սǬУջصͺɫʯ˳
ֳ޹ĺɫʯҶһԼһµһεǿɫʯ͸̽صܡ
֮
һʱ͸̽飬Ҷںɫʯио˻֮Ĵڣ¶˵Цݡ
ľ
Ҷ罫ľٻ˳ƻľ۳ɫ룬ס˺ɫʯǿʯ֮͸ȡžʯеĻ֮
ʱҶٻ˷ʥ𣬷ǿ裬Ҫʥڻ
輫̣ҶƳʥһʱδܽڻ
֮£Ҷֽȸٻ˳ӽУȸʥ衣
Ҷȸ˴ҹŽڻһƤҪȫڻܡ
ֻǿнƿˣ
ʥ޷ڻҶľɫʯս壬ǬУޣǬ˹ٻܺ޷
һȫ轫飬ҪеĶҶ߸߾裬
ˣ
Ҷһ£ܣޣǬֳǿĵʩչȫ͹Ҷ߸衣
֮Ҫ˵Ʒ׼ʥҲ顣
ƴ裬ȴӲӲסҶ˵ҹ
Ҷ粢żϵؽǬӳĹ뽣ܣǳ
ڣʱиŬޱȼӲˣһε̺ǿĺɫҺеҶս׼õƿС
ϴɫҺʲôΪ̺ǿ޴ǰգ۾ʵ
ûϴɫҺӦǴ˵еҺҶ¶Цݣ˵
ҺɱҺǬɴ۾ŲϴеĺɫҺ壬𾪵˵
ǰЩ꣬Ǭμᣬѹر֮һҺʱ˵ҺĳۣʥظΪҺȫѡ
ţǴҺҶ˵ͷķ˲ʮ˵Һ
ЩҺ͸ǣ
Ҷûģֱ͸Ǭ㣬ɱ¾֮ÿҺɱ꣬Ȼ뿪Ǭ档
ˣ֪Ƿ
ȻҶҺЧãʱ֣Ҷ˽⣬ߵš
Ҷһİɫ˯ȹŰ۵Сţ򿪷ţҶӭ˽
糾£ʵ
ţкö㣡
Ҷ翴Žڰɫ˯ȹ֣¶ѩ׼˹ɢḶ̌˵ͷ˵
ʲôöգŴ۾ʵ
֪Һ𣿡ҶЦʵ
Һ˵ɱҺ̵ɴ˫ۣԾ˵
һЩҺ׼һҶ˵ͷ˵
糾лл㣬ҵʵ̫ˣ治֪α㣡Ŀ͵ؿҶ磬˵
úøǰгһգվڶ½ۣ֮ٱҰɣҶһ½̰۵СӣЦ˵
ðɣ
ʵ̸ϲһֱʽˮҶ֮ϵĻû˵
ˣץʱɣȡǰϦǽ쾳ǵĳɼҶ˽ʮҺԼҲʮҺɢĴϣǣ
ڶǣת£ҺĻӵ˼£ĥĥ£ϵǵꡣ
ŶĽԽԽ죬ԽԽУ˽뵽һ⾳У⾳УǸо˴ȫںһһֵĸоǶвƮƮɣС
һΣΣΡ
Ƕ˷ֱʮҺʱһ˫˫ﵽǵʥ硣
꾳ͻƣǶҲܽڻ⾳


1150 
ҺȻһô۽
Ҷ糤һоɱǿʮ౶¶˵Цݡ
̣ҪѯʱԾعһ¡
ʱḶ̌㺹콫ɫ˯ȹȫʪ͸عϣҶؿ΢΢̵ͦ壬Ĩۺɫ̺졣
ʱļȪݹһ㣬͸˵ķۺɫ·һˮ
Ҷ۾ֱԼؿڣͻȻ뵽ʲôܵ˫ֻأ罿޵Ļ䣬̲סҪժ
̣úù꾳磬ȳȥˣ
оЩ컣ҶûоôѸ뿪˽̵᷿صԼУҴϴһˮ裬ϨеĻ档
̡
۾е⣬ûз֣һˮ̾ͷ۲ѣҽɽ̡
ԺеҶصǬУŽʥϳʥУȫ׼ʼ
űٽǱԽԽ֣˻ǣĦⳡ߹ģߵȼı
ڣĿУʼˣҲһˣһЩϹҲ׷˻
쿴ǾǼݣ֪˴λλʥʦ
ֻ֮¾ͲҿԴĦˣӦöʥʦʶĹھ
־ɴŵľǼݸոڿĽֵʻԹǼȺ֣ɳ˻ֵҲǵĵַǳ
ǰǻˣÿУ
̤ųأҶһ뿪˿ջڻ룬гһ㣬һǿУɫԻɫΪ޽ΰ׳۵Ļ⡣
յҶͽ̣˫˫ݵؿϣǻ¡
Ҷ紩͸ŵݣ̵񲻶ϱ
ˣǽȥɣȥȴǾʵı֣ͣűҶͽ̣˼ŶŴʦǰ˽ڻԣ״Ĺ
飬Ҷ˽ƮŨŨޱȿĻе龰Ҷͫײɵһ¡
ڻɵİ㳡ϣվŽʦʦһţγ˿µ
ؿڻܼƷϵʦ
ÿȽΪѡ;ʦμѡֱӽʦֱӽ븴ΪǿʥʦֻھвŻ
ǰյıиߵȼʦҲһЩߵȼʦήݲμѡĿΪȥҩɽժһЩҩ
ֻͨѡʸ磬ÿμѡʦ֮ᱻ̭ľվҶߣΪܵ
磿ѵҶ˽⣬ʵ
ֻѡյһλϴܿٵСľ˵ͷ˵
ôֱʡ
Ҷ޷λܵʵεȵĿֲҪռߵľſܿٳһռ䡣
˵֮ʣҶͻȻоһϢԼȻûлͷҶѾоϢ˭ͷųġ
ּˣ
ɫؿڱžżʦ£Ϲһ˿ĻʥӴ˼ʦ˹
ʶ𣿡
Żʥ۾еĵ⣬Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
ôˣʥ޵ؿҶ磬˵
Ҷ绢ڶʳǿʥ뵽Уÿÿ뵽Ҷ˱ӦԼĴԵʥӾͺ޵ֱҪҶǧС
มˣĸĸѼǰɣҶЩŵ˵
ͣ
Ҷ绰䣬ûбסЦһЦǣ˲佫ʥʦĻ㹴ˡ
㡭ʥ۾ŨŨĻ棬Ҷ磬вȰýҵĶңұ֤˳޷ס
ϣ㻹ˣأǿŵҩոձҳˣҪԵ޵ʱţҲջรҶӻʥӵвϷʵ˵

Ҷ統ʥӣ˼ʦʱŭˣŨŨɱҶ磬·Ҫ˺ѡ
ȰͷදǰҵʵܴܽҶ米˫֣޿ֵľ
糾ҳʵѡĿɲʵһΪ۵ġʥŰסĵŭؾ
ǾƿҶ΢΢һЦζ˵˭Ц󡣡
ߣ
һӻҵĻʥŭһҶ磬ŭ뿪ˡ


1151 ҩɽ
糾ǻʥг𣿡
Ҷʥ֮ĳͻľüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ǰɣھػһûң˽𣡡Ҷ˵ͷ赭д˵
ʥӺܲ򵥣ľʦ֮һ츳ܳΪʥʦʥȸǿֲҲ֪ʥûǹھѡľ˵
İɸϣܻһΣܻڶΣִΪУһġҶ΢΢һЦŵ˵
糾֪ʵǿѡڵĹҩɽͬһطҩɽһԳɿռ䣬ֻͻܽȥ
ڹҩɽУֶֻܶκ͵ƸܶãһڹҩɽͻᱻͳѰҵҩݽʧڹҩɽУʧȥʸ񡣡ľѵ
İɸϣΪУעʧߣҶ¶Цݣ˵
ʱƣǰʦʦԽԽ࣬һȥɽ˺ʮ׳ۡ
ʱɵİ㳡ʦ֮࣬Щʦǧ˿ƵϵҲȻ磬ɵѵԭ
һ
ͻȻһ𣬴˰㳡䣬һɫؿڹһöʥʦ£ϢռΪһ壬׷ͯյ̤ճ֣ոջӵĹ㳡ʱð
ĿеߣǾ֮Żǽѱ֮Լͬ¶η֮ɫصȴ׷˵
Ϸţӭμе˴ǰĽ紫һ
һȥرѡڶѡѡһĵһвͬĽȻ˸䣬ʵĪ⡣
ΣǰҪһҶȭͷգзĵ
һָоʥƼϵζҩкܿУܴᡣ
ˣϷͲ˷ѴҵʱˣǿʼȽѡΣ
˵ţгһʯ̣ʯעǿĵʱʯ̿ٵתӳУʱվҵĲŤ
ŤĿռУһĿռڣһɹҩ֮ڿռйֻһ£;
ѡһʱڣֻڹҩɽдҩҩݣȻɵҩͨѡΣҩҩռԶС
ˣ껹лͷųҩռɣףǺˣŴ
Ż䣬һɹɿµУ羪κˣޱ쫷磬գȿֺĽ뵽ŤĿռС
Ҳȥɣ
ľһ\ľֱ񷣬ҩռڷȥ
ߣ
Ҷͽ໥һۣ˫˫ǵʥޱͷųȥŸԵ𣬷ҩռ䡣
ȻҶµʥӺܻܿڹҩռԼ̫ǿ󣬴ﵽǵʥڹҩռм޵еĴڣԻʥӵҪ鷳ûʲô
꽻ҩռ䣬ҶͻȻߵĽ̲ˣԼһããޱߣ֪ľ޴ɽС
Χľ죬صٲҵɽʱгһҩҩдʮһζҩݵ֡
ԶʯݣɳԷӣ̻٣ȾҶǡ
סʮһζҩݵ̬ҶͻȻ٣ޱ޼ʵĹҩɽУѰʮһζҩݡ
Ȼʱ俴ƿԣҩɽ̫ˣռ䣬Ҫʮһζҩݲףľ𻹸Ҷ磬ΪѶȣҩɽҩм٣Ҳÿһѡζдʦ̭ԭ
ڱǰϦҶ뽿ʮҺ⾳˫˫꣬ﵽǵʥǿͷ£˹ҩɽƬƬ
ȾҶǹȾҶ
Ҷٶȼ뵽ҩɽУѰһʱʱһľɽУһҶƬʾ״ͨīɫ״Сݡ
СݵҶƬҶʮһζҩ֮һĹȾҶ
ԶСݣҶ粻ۼһ۹ȾҶĹľԣ¶һ˿ѱ˲⣬΢΢һ˹ȥ
˻˻˻
ҶոտȾµĵͻȻһֻ糤ͨɫһǵСڵز¶ŷҧҶ硣
ɫСߵĹνʮͻȻҶѲĴڣȻۣ㼯һ꽣һƿսֻɫС롣
˲ɱɫСߣҶҪժȡȾҶ
ʱȾĹľԶһ£µһһҶ緢͵ϮҪꡣ
Ϊصĺܺã
Ҷ̾Ϣһ۳ֻ֣ǾץǶ˷һץС
ȶģҶһ͵طֱӽ˵Ļ飬뿪˹ҩɽ


1152 
ãܿϧң
˶˵Ļ壬ҶժĹȾҶ΢΢һʧɽУĹҩɽѰҩݡ
öƣѡεѶȹȻС
ҩɽʱҶ緢ֹҩɽɽҰǽƣǿ궼͸ȥ
ƣ
ҶһǿĻˮкذһǿĽϣι˽ƣ뵽档
һ̣Ҷɫ΢䣬ûһݣֻһ֪꣬״ĹľڹľϣϢƣ׳һ㣬ŷǣɫʰ쵣ȭͷСĳӡ
˲䣬ϢڿľϵĶ棬һ̶ĿĦЩűĳԼٶҶҪҶ塣
𣡡
⵽ƵĶΧҶ粢ţеͷ˳緢ĻɽȵĻ棬ĺɫճ˻ҽ
Ķ棬ҶûͻΧ뿪ȫ˶Ϣ״ĿľľУоһɾڡ
ಣ
Ҷ΢΢һڰлһɫĻ⣬Լٶȿľٶȫŭǵأڸյİ쵶棬ɶ˻һ㹥Ҷ磬
һ֣⵽ƵĶ治ηķ񹥻Ϩˣ𼸽ﵽޣӿĶҶ繹κεвܿ죬Ҷ翿Ĺľ
ľеʲôЩ治ϧҲҪֹҿ
źģҶһ껯һһĹľ
ţü̵Ŀľ
һȻҶûоȫ̫ǿ˾ҲҪâնڿľʱȴδľҶüͷ΢΢һЦ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
ʱǵصĶ濴Ҷľʱŭˣųһ͹ƱҪܡ
סĶ湥Ҷ罫£ٴλһʮɳĻ꽣ƺƵĻڽⴹ䣬η
ƣ
Ҷ籩һʮɳĻ꽣ʯ׹أռ䶼Ϊֵ֮ܵ
꣡
⵽ҶǿһޱȼӲĿľʱ룬һɾĻ˳
ǡ
ľ룬Ҷз̲Ųɫ̺ǿʮճ衣
⣬ѵǸ裬޸
̲صɫ裬Ҷüͷһƣ뵽ںƬʱõϢ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ľʱ䣬Ļ裬ֵҺ۶صˣ趼ܽ޸ؽ
ѹкܶߵȼʦʦԸðղμѡҩɽȻԵأﶼУ
Ҷ籬µʳĶһ㽫ľеĸˡ
¸裡
ͻȻһ̰ŭԶԶһϵоеĸ֮ŨܵɽиҪḴ衣
ŭҶ粻ΪӴʳܿ콫Ĺľĸȫˡ

ϵ֪ļֵܵõ裬˳ҲԸ⣬Ϊ˵õ裬ԸΪС

Ҷ籩һǿĻϯϣһֻȼܻĴ֣һƷ˲귢ĹƲĺ
䣡
ղһ¡
ȻܿҶ绯ɵĻ֣ǱػƷɳʮԶס塣
ϹϹһֱڿѰҸ裬¿øһ븴裬뿪һ񱨸£
Ϲû뵽Ҷ˵ǿһԼĻ壬˲仯ɫ仯һ˵
ϹûҶ˵ȰòҪңұ֤ڡ
ȻϹ˵ܿҶ֪ⶼǽԼԶʤǰ£Ȼʹɱ֣Ḵˡ
£һѶһ·Ը֮һ裬ϹԸһԵԸõͬıжһϹеŭ
ҵĻϲ˵ڶ飬Ҷ㲻
ҶؾһϹŭĿע£Ŷ棬ԶԶطˡ
ģҵţϹұõĿҶȥӰϹĿ˲ת䣬зĵ


1153 ʥӵı
ʱţܿһʱȥˡ
һУٶȼҶ磬ϵشԽҩɽ䣬ƿһǿĽƣͨҵҪҩݣժһЩϡٵҩݡ
񸴻ȴûٷ֡
ҶڹҩɽѰҩʮһζҩʱҩɽԼü֮صĻʥ˾һ
Ǻо飬ͨ˴˼ĽϴҪҩݣʼڹҩɽѰҶ硢̺ľˣҪֻɱ꣬ǽб
ҩɽʵ̫ˣһʦһСεںУҪҵһײˡ
ڻʥӵ˷ͷ£ѰҶʱһϵӰͻȻڻʥǰ
Ǹϼһ
ԶԶŷɳһɽȣ¶Цݵľ𣬻ʥ۾͸һ˿֮ɫٷ˹ȥ˹ȿڡ
㡭
ŻʥӵͻȻ֣ľɫ΢΢һ䣬֪߲ƣ붼û룬ɽȥ
ϼһԼӵĵ𣿡
ʥΪʦﵽؾԶԶʤľ
΢΢һڰлһӰԼٶ׷ɱľ
ʮʥӾ׷ľ𣬿µγһֻ֣ױȵѹȸУӡ
\ľ𣬷
оʥ۵ȫԼ޿ɱܵľͷų¶ȼߵ\ľƳ壬ͷٵػֵֵĹ
䣡
нӴ˲䣬ղһ£ڰмĶԳ⣬й
ƣ
ʥӱһӿ壬ע뵽УֵĹӲ\ľγɵĻ˵Ѻۡ
ۿ\ľֵסʥӵĹľҪͻΧ
ʥӷӦ죬΢΢һסľ𣬹һ̬սľ𷢶ˮĹƣܿռ䡣
ݡ
ֵסʥ͵Ĺľԥ꣬ʩչٶĻݣԶȥ
𣬸𣡡
ʥָһ㣬һָһĨ⣬׼ȷĻʩչܵľлϣӲлճ˻ҽ
ۣ
걻˲䣬ľһѪϵ¶һĨ԰ס
ʥӣ̫
ʥɱ꣬ľɥʧ˽ĻᣬŬ֮ź֮࣬Ƿŭ
ΪҶ絣ǣڴʥҶҶʵһΪԼġ
ڽһ£һ˭أ
ɹɱľ꣬ʥ¶һ˿ЦݣڹҩɽѰҶͽ̵䡣
ʱҶ磬ڹҩɽһĽƣǿĻ͹ơ
ɽеʲôػƾȻ˵Ŀֲ
Ҷ罫ǵʥ֮ӵ£ҹʱŽƣԽеĶŨȤ
ƣ
Ҷƶ깥£ѺԽԽĽڱҶǿƵˣһŨŨ֮Ľ˳
ǡޣ
ŽһƬľԣڹľ룬һ׶ߣ֦Ҷ̣֮ͨڣ京ţԡѪе滨ҶһϳǵƵѰҵޡ
ԭ滨
Ҷ֪޵ǿ󣬵Ƶǽɱ䣬ԼԵõȫ滨ȥַԼ֮
֪ػ֮ʲô
Խػ֮ԽǿҶ껯˰˰֮ͷ˹ȥ
ţûػ֮
ߵ֮ʱҶķ֣ΧȻûػ֮
ػ
Ų̵֮ޣҶǵʥ۳һֻ֣ץǰ
ۿץסޣһǿ֮ͷųһ޴ӰҡҷӰ֡
꣡
ֱӰе˲䣬粣һˣ֮ƵӰ񣬺ݺݵسҶ磬µ֮Ӳˡ
ȻҶ㹻ǿ󣬵ķ̫һ۵ӰУƱ⵽ش
Ҫôժȡأ
ҶƯԶޣ˼ժȡİ취
˼޹ٻ׼ǿժȡޡ
ͻȻҶǿо˹ǿϢ֣üͷһƣ¶һ˿ƻЦݣƴ
䣡
ҶֺһƣݺݵغޣӰ˼ҵĶԳ⣬˾޴Ķ
һ̣΢΢һԶһƬľУ
Ҷոã˹ǿϢٵط˹͸Ľƣʱ۾ð֮ɫ붼û룬ɽĽС
ޣժ⻨ȥһܺ׬һʣһ΢΢Щӷ׵зСۣ˷ܵ˵
ϣժȡޣΪ׵Ļ߸ӦһܣûвҶĴڣޣҪǿժȡ
ʱо˿ٴ۳֮Ǵս
սɣһ޵źãڹľеҶ¶˽֮ɫĵصȴš


1154 ʥȸ
סǧҪϾܻɢӰժˣ
ǿ꣬ҹһʱ䣬˵Ķܴ󣬲ΪժޣǶûзҧأļţƱҪժ֡
ڰƶĹ£Ӱڱ˺ɢˡ
һ̣ѪеͻȻζҶһ֮罣һ߹˰ˡ
ͣ
㲻İ˱һ̴֮Уֱӱ̴һܣɥʧս
ûᣡ
ץסӰ飬̵֮˲䣬ҶľԣȫĻٵػ㼯γһֻ֣ɽѹȸУݺݵѹޡ
ͻ⹥ҡҷͷ֮ȫֵĹ
ʱֵΪʱͷŵ֮סҶӡ֡
֮и
Ҷһʮ֮Ƴ壬ƽΧУиŷֵĵز㣬Ҫ
֨֨֨
ۿԼҪҶڳ޷˴̶ļƴҡҷ壬й֮⣬γϯصУһ
κΣʧȥӰ̣֮ڵ޸סҶǵʥꡣ
գбҶɢҲҶ
뿪أޱøҶƻȫסս˻С
Ƿһ飬ǿ޳һ£
ҶƮ˱̶֮ǧٿף˼صĻߵǰ˵
Ȼ޵һ;ҪҶ粻ԸǷ˶飬̫ĵˣҪ
µﵽ쾳
оҶɢǿѹȸУʵǿﵽ˾Ļ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾҶͣµꡣ
ǰɣ
쾳൱ǵʥҶոͻ꾳磬޷ЩϹȡ
Ȼ¿ڣǾͶ°æ
ȻҶƣûЩջ𣬵Ҷ̫ǿǸŭԣֻ˶ΣҶæ
ã˵
Ҷ˵ͷʮʹشӦ
ڹҩɽзһɽɽʮּ̣ǰ˵ʵ޷ƿ֪¿ɷæƿǽƣ߰⽻һ˵
ԣ
Ҷ˵ͷʮʹشӦ
ѾǵޣɷɽеıøǣֱֱؿҶ˵
ãҴӦǣ޷õɽеıǾͱǶˣҶ˵ͷһڴӦ
һΪʵãɽеıø㣡˴һ£ͷͬ
Լһʱ󣬰Ⱥָ˱̶֮Ļ壬ҶǷֵɽȥ
ܿ죬ǷԾ˼Ĺɽ֣ɵһεɽУɽҶ翴˱ľڣۺѲɽ
ǿĽƣ
͸ïʢĹľҶǿоɽʮǿ󣬲²ıֵӦòޡ
ȻӦ˻ߵˣҶû¶̰ƻ߶ۣ͸عľϵعɽƣǿƽ
ˣ
Ҷǿ깥£ɽƾҵĲſռ䶼˵ˮơ
ӡɽڽҶǵʥ꾳磬һʱᶼ޷ƿ
ǰ㣡
Ϊ˵õɽеıߵ˷׷ͷǿĻ̬ĵ͵Ĺ
գҶ˳Ϲ˽һʱڽɽڽƺˡ
ˣΪԼȽȥշɣҶ绺˵
лл
Ҷ˳ŵߵŵˣл֮׷׽뵽ŨŨδ֪յɽС
ߵ˸ոսȥûãɽͻȻӿ˿µ緭ľˣɽӿ˲佫ڶܵĹľڻˡ
ʱ󣬻ǱĴɽ˳ʣ˵ɽС
浽ʲô
Ż岼ѺۣһϢĻߣҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
죬ȸһֻʥȸµ˵
ʥȸ
Ҷüͷһƣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫû뵽ҩɽоȻһֻʥޡ
ɽеʲôȻֵʥػ
뵽ҶоɽеĶͬСɣðս뵽˵ɽС
˺ˣС뵽ɽ֮ʱɽͷһȼܻأص룬ʢһˮ״СֳȻɫ߲У߿Ųſǵӡ
һֻչʮףȫȼźɫ棬Ųʻβ֮ȸ߲֮ϣҶ糤˻УҶ粻ô


1155 ̵ŭ
ǵʲôȻֵһֻʥػ
ʥȸػ߲ҶоͬСɣҩɽһ
߲ʥȸػҶ״̬ʥȸĶ֣ȸȼյĻ棬ܽڻҪ˵ȸ
ণ
Ҷ˼˼ժȡ߲İ취ʱʥȸҶþòȥ˴ʯ˻ȼܻĳҵȶµĻ磬ϯҶ硣
ƣ
ҶȻۣǵʥʵȻ䱬һնѵصĻ꽣Ȼ£嫵ĽƲɵֱӽϯĻն롣
ড
类ҶƵȫŭʥȸ۾˻ɫһɫĻȵĸ£ſռ䲻ϵŤҶ硣
ʥȸĻﵽʥȼ
棬ĿǣȻҶﵽǵʥȴױȸʥմȾϣѸ˻صɽС
ֻоҵ̣пʥȸػ£ժ߲
ʶʥȸĿ£Ҷ˹һǿժȡ߲ͷ΢΢һѸ뿪¶ȼߵɽص档
߲ժߵģ
ҶȥĻĻ̾ϢһȻ߸ͬ𣬶ܴ˶ᱦͷ
ţʥػ״̬ȷʵ޷ժ߲Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȳȥһֲһЩʧġ
¿ˣԹñˣǣ̾ϢһƮȻȥˡ
뿪ҶҲûôҪģµʱУҵʣµҩݣҵ̣ƻժȡ߲ķ
Ȼн̰æʥȸػ»ڶʳΣȻܴ󣬵Ҷ绹Ǿðһ
ϾǶƹҩɽҩֵðա
Ҷ罫ȫͷųȥһڹҩɽѰҩݣһѰҽʱʱĽʥһƧɽС
ҵˣ
ʥӲؿĸɷʳḶ̌˹ȥ
Ҫʲô
ŭŽԼΧɽУĻĻʥˣʵ
˵ʲôʥ΢΢̣ĿȵؿŽ̵ôƯŮĲ˺㣬ҪӦ죬Ҿ㡣
޳ܡ
ɫ΢䣬ŭŵεĻʥӣȵ
ϣˣҷ֣ӸӶˣҶĶѡʥ¶ζЦݣ޼ɵ˵
ʥӣ㲻ҪС˵Ůˣ᲻
ʥӵͬ飬һӲߣһͷİƷʦɫԵؿӰḶ̌Ц˵
ţ鲻Ի꽻ĸоǲǰꡣʥӴЦһ˵·Ѿϵ⣬Լ׸
ҾǣٿңݹҶ㲻Ǻ۾ŨŨŭĽ߳ŭľ
ôҲǸϼһﶼˣ˵ӳҵ𣿡
ʥӿ˵ԽԽĶ޲˺껯ɵ·ȵĻ꽻
㣬ʦ꣡ɫ䣬ŭ˵
Ȱʵһ㣬Ȼҿ»ԵͷʥЦ˵ԺѾԤ뵽Ҷ֪̱Լı顣
Ƕ
̱׼ŭˣһûʥ˸е־б
⣬ôܣô˵Ŀ£
о̺ޱͷŵĻʥϵЦ˲ˣǵɴ˫ۣ¶˻ģ
䣡
һĳµĻ羪κһӿ壬Хź˻ʥˡ
ﵽǵʥټ壬Ҷ绹Ҫǿһֻ֣ĹҩɽУ޵еĴڣʥӵ͵

оһ֮ʥӵɫ䣬׷һȥݵ̬ȫȡ
ӵõ𣿡
ŭĽ̽һһһƷʦߣܣĳһƣݺݵػϣֱӽ飬ɢ
ţ֣̽貵ĻգϯҰ޾Ϊ֮ɽȶ

ʥͬ鷢˲ҽͷŵĻУ嵱顣
ʥȻֵס˽ͷŵĻǱ˻塣
ݣ
ѣʥӲϧ۵ȼ꣬һֻɥ֮ȮԼٶɽȥ
ӣ
̲׼Źȫ׷ɱ
ʥﵽؾټȼٶȡ
գҩɽӵĵΣ뽿֮ľ룬ʧããɽ֮С


1156 ɱľʥȵ
Ǳôˣ
ڹҩɽмٷɳ۵Ҷ磬ͻȻԶͻȻ˻˴ƬĹľüͷһƣٷ˹ȥӭϼٷĽ̡
̣ôˣ
оɢŨŨɱҶǰĵʵ
糾ҵˣ
ŷҶ磬ϵʧˣߵ˵Ǹʥ̫ɶˣʦ꣬ͼҲ졣
ʲô걻ʥˣ
꽿̽Ҷɫ˲ԻʥӲŨŨɱ
ұʦʱǻʥǿ꣬𣬵סҵĹȼ֮زز糾ҩˣȥ׷ɱǻʥӣʦ𡣡
һҩûȫ
Ϊ衢Լ߲Ҷ絢˲ʱ䣬δҪʮһζҩݡ
糾ո˻ʥͬ飬ɢ˲ݣǹȥҪ𣿡֪Ҷ绹δҩݣ̲ò׷ɱʥӵͷ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ뽿̷ɵ˹ȿڣ˲ɢڵϣоҶҪҩݡ
̣ϱ𲻼һʱҴȥһط
ҪޱߵĹҩɽҵʥڴ룬ʮһζҩݣҶ׷ɱͷ׼ȥժ߲
糾׼ȥʲôطʵ
һҩɽҩĵطҶ
ҩɽҩһµ¶ŨŨ֮ɫǵһʲôҩ
һڻе߲ϻžſŲʺɫ˸žǵӣҶһ߲̬߲ʥȸػҪժס
ѵ߲ʾȺĽ̵ɴ۾Ժиֳһڴ˵еʥʥ̬Ҷ߲һģһ
߲ʾ̣֪Ž̳ԾģҶ翪ʵ
ڹżпһʥ߲ʾո߲߲ʾ̬һ£߲̬ӣ̵˵ͷ˵
ʥ
Ҷ֪֮ܳΪʥģйأǴﲻʥȼġ
߲ʾͨʥĲ֣ǻ壬ǾſſԿһԵľӡϲʥ֮һӵоӣתĳɹʼﵽٷ֮٣쾳ܣҲܽӣ£ӳԪ
һԣ侹ʥҶüͷһƣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ʥĴڣҶܵõܳΪ˺ŵҪơ
ҶϹ֪ҩɽ߲ʾ;ӣεȵĺ䶯
ӱҪõҶ簵¾ĵԺв˼ʥȸлڶʳİ취
ҶŽԼٶɽȥʱЩǱ岼Ѻ۵ƷʦԼٶǷɱƷʦ׷ɱǡ
סʥȱл
Ҷͽ̱£׼ƹȥʱһɫϹһ˿ƷʦҶ˴
ʥȣ
ԶԶĴҶͽ˫˫ͣı˷Լٶӭȥ
Ҷͽ̷ͷųĿ»ǱӵʦŵѪɫ͸¶
׷ɱǵĻʥƷʦȴ¶˵εЦݣʥȵĶ³
ʦ֪ʱٶȼҶͽǲſµɱ⣬ʥƷʦ
㣬ҪʲôҪ˺ǣʥȾŹǣ
׽Ҷ۾͸ɱ⣬ͷŵԼƷʦһʥȸҶʩѹ
ɱľʥȵˣ
˵ţҶȫĻ۳ʮѴ޾ʮɳĻ꽣޵ն˶ˡ

Ҳû뵽ԼһȻɱæŶȫŻܡ
ͣ
ʮѻ꽣ͬʱն¡
һ·ӵնһУһ·ﳼݿ꽣Ƕͷŵ𣬽ǵĻֱӽ飬ɢڰС
ɱɽȸ֣ҶͽûκͣƷʦ͵Ŀע£ڰлӰѸٵķˡ
ڣ޻һʱʱ˷ɵʧȥƷӡðŹɽ⡣


1157 һ
̣Ȼǿ󣬵޷뱾̬ȣ޷вʥȸȸʥǵĿǣǻȸժȡ߲ʾĿܼΪ㣬Ҫժȡ߲ʾ߾ӣֻһᡣҶ˼һ£˵
ʲô᣿ʵ
ǵȴҩɽرյһ̶֣ȫһǶˣǵ꾳磬ӦֵܼҩɽرգҾͻᴫͳȥᱻʥȸɱɥʧĻᣡҶ罫õļƻ˽̡
⵹һ취ãǾʱ̶һΣ
̵˵ͷҶʱժȡ߲ʾļƻ
ʱһһȷժȡ߲ʾļƻҶͽʱ䣬ĵصȴš
ڣھҩɽرգаʱʱҶͽ̽뵽˷ɽУŻԼٶɽͷȥ
żлһģһӦ߲ʾɡ
͸ˣڻе߲ʾȫ֤ʵ˽̵Ĳ²⣬Ǿͷʥ߲ʾ
ȸӦþͲ߲ʾĻУһǰƻ£ȥʥȸȥժ߲ʾҶ翴ðܻ棬¶ȼߵĻأ⽻
ã糾һСģ̵˵ͷǧҪ꣬㽫ʧȥʸ񡣡
İɣһСĵأҶ˵ͷ
ҩɽرյʱԽԽҲԽԽţҩɽرսʣʮϢʱͻȻˣ֮Ŵ̶ƿ˰УԼٶ߲ʾ
ণ
о̿һŭȵĻȫȼܻ棬ȶŻ쫷ʥȸٵطɳһյĺϼ˽̡
ʥȸĹ̰ռƻϵһܣܽȸߡ
ʥȸ̫£Ļ쫷粻ϵս̵Ļ壬˾޴ʹ
ȫһ̶ܿʥȸſϸͣȵʥ𣬷˽̣ҪصĽ
ʱȴҶ綯ˣϧ۵ȼ꣬ٶޣ߲ʾҪǿнʥժ֡
ণ
׷ɱ̵ʥȸҶͻȻ֣ٵرƽ߲ʾʱ˷ŭ˻ɱ̣תӴ壬Ҷ硣
ḥ̂
ʥȸתӴʱ̽ӵ£γ˾޴ḥ̂ݺݵȸӴϡ
Ȼ״̬Ĺ޷뱾ȣﵽǵʥѵһ壬깥ֲͬ
⵽ǿһγɵĥѹȸӴһ£µĻ͸ȼյĻ棬ϵȸ壬ӻٶȡ
һ̣ȼ꣬һƳ壬һ趯ߣȸ
ڽ̲ϧ۵Ĺ£ȸٶܵ˼Ӱ죬ץסʱҶðȻ棬߲ʾ
Ҷϣ
ҶһȼյĻһʮɳĻ꽣µķâݺƥǧն߲ʾ£ȼŻĸϣҪնϡ
أ
һˣԻƷն߲ʾĸϣȴһնϵĸоһ˿ȱڶû¡
ণ
ȸҶԼػµ߲ʾʱŭˣȼյĻ˲ǣĥ̡
ǣ
ʥȸ͵ȶ޴ĳ˸һὫȫĽȷ˳ȥ
ǽ̻㹻ǿһɢ
Ѹʥȸ޾ɱ⹥Ҷ磬ƱҪȾָ߲ʾҶɱ
ʯ䣬Ҷı䣬˽߲ʾȫժߵͷ껯һ޴Уͷųǿ߲ʾϵľſžӡ
ʱҩɽرսʣĸȻĸʱת˲ţҶ˵ȴ̫ˣŭʥȸѾˡ
ʥȸʥϮҶҧûܣʥǰڴ߲ʾһžӣȻѸٶˮ״С߲ʾ棬ܿԽʥ
ʥϮҶ粻ΣƵ߲ʾһ࣬ͷǿĻӡ

ʥȸԣȼܻĳҵȶγϯصĻ磬ֱӽ߲ʾҶһûˣҪҶ顣
糾
ѺۣƼصĽ̿Ҷ类ɵһĻľҶİΣ
ֹ̫ʥȸķŭֻܲš
һ
ˣ
ҩɽռһǿĴֲڹҩɽʦȫˣҩɽʱָƽ


1158 µĿ
糾
ع鱾壬̵һʱԵҶ磬֪ʱûгɹ
ʱ̹һҶ罫ʧȥʸ
ͻȻҶ˽յ˫뽿̵Ŀײһ
ţҶ¶˵ЦݵˣʱժĿžӡ
Ŀţ
üͷһƣµ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ʵ޷ҶαʥȸͷŵĻϯ£ɹժĿżֵ޷ľӡ
̣Ŀžӣһţ
ժĿžӣ̹ûҶʮִ󷽵óžӣģ͸˽̡
糾ֻҪһž͹ˣʣµ㶼ŰɣֻҪһžӣһֻҶ硣
ŹҩɽеʦȫˣɫȻľ𻺻˹
ϣǶ֪ˣѾڹҩɽ˻ʥӵ꣬ڻʥӣұ֤ԼΪҶ翴źľ֤
糾̣ҵĳ𲻼űǺúñͽˡľһ֣صе
İɸϣҺһǼƷϣҶ˵ͷŵ
ȻһҪʦ򣬲Ʒ󣬵Ҷ뽿˫˫ΪƷʦƷʦ󣬾ͿɳΪƷ
ˣѡʧܵʦ뿪ȥսˣҩݵʦ轫ҩƳҩϵĵҩء
ֳѡε󻤷ųڻϿգϲбʦ˵
ˣͣ
ľҶͽ̵ļЩįӰѡʧܵʦ뿪˻
ܿ죬ոջΪĻ㳡ֻʣǧʦ֮ʦ̭
ʥӣһΪԼΪʹĴۣҶԶԶؿɫˮĻʥӣзĵ
ˣʱֻһʱһʱ޷ɵҲ̭Ŵ
Ż䣬һȵĻڰ㳡ڣ㳡һ޴Ļ裬ʮֵ׳ۡ
̣ǿʼɣҶһ˵
ã
̵˵ͷûжõ׼ʥ¯ǽƷϽ¯ٻ˳ʼҩϵα
Ҷûٻ¯𻯳˵¯ʮһζҩеʣαȼ¶
Ȼ¶αڱȽһֵҩҶ˵ȴѿԡ
ȵڻ£ʮһζҩ˲ήڻˣ˴ľҺ塣
أ
Ҷͽ̣ʩչˮʱ㳡ͻȻһ
¯кںҩʧܵʦʧ֮ɫ˿ʧܵԭڹҩɽѰҵҩвżҩݣӶʧܡ
ʱһһʱ󣬰㳡Ʈһɹ˵ҩ㣬Ҷ磬̣ʥӵ˳ʣᴿĲ裬ʼˡ
ʱҶͽʩչͬһ·ӵһĵƣڽһöö۵ĵҩУڵҩγһƣŵҩƷʡ
ֹ˴Լʱ䣬ſŵҩͬһʱڵС
Ҷ磬̣ʥͬʱ¡֮кܶʦƳɵҩ
ܿ죬һʱȥˣ˳ʦҲнʦʧܣ̭
һǿŻ꺣ͷų㳡һǧãٵؼƵҩƷʣƷʹͣҲ⵽̭
ͷǿ£ʮƷʹͣ⵽̭
գһʦֻǧ߰ͨ˳ѡΣʣµʦȫ⵽̭
ϲͨ˵һѡΣڶǽн
˵ţеǬָӳ⣬һǧĻһƬȼյĻ𺣣ڰУ㳡¶ֱ
һǧŻǸǵĽֻƾշȻ취һʱڱסԼĻ飬ҪǵͿػˡһʱûߣ⵽̭ſһʦȵɫϵ˵

Ż䣬㳡һƬȻ
û뵽һǧŻ鲻ǽǿ飬ǧ߰һǧŻ飬⽫ζţֽн֮Ҫ⵽̭ˣȲпľǸû뵽
ˣһʱϢʱ䣬һʱ󣬿ʼշ飡˵ı۵ףŴ


1159 ǱĻʥ
磬ϿصĽӿռ䣬Ҳĵط
˼˼û뵽ǸСһָһϲŻϿһ޴ӳӰ¶˵Цݡ
赸ոӳӰҶ뽿֣ʥȸػ£ǿժȡӵĻ档
ǰСһʱĿžӣʥưɣЦ˵
Сһﵽʲô꾹ﵽ̶ȣȸʥ𣬶޷˲ڻͥҶݱǿҵĺġ
СһӦиʦȻܾܾͽȷϣСһѪƾ㣬ֵ˵
棬ҶΧǸĻ֮ˡ
˵СһܻõڼҲʮҶ磬ʵ
Ҷ˽̫٣֪εȳ̶ȣֶκǿӦлǰʮ˼һ£˵
ǰʮͣҲƳ׼ʥɡ뵽ҶͣͥЩɵ˵
ϾǰʮƳŵƳ׼ʥ׼ʥҪĲǿ꣬УǿĻ棬Ҫ»ۣǧεʵ飬ҲΪʲô½ʥʦʥʦϡٵԭ
СһػԼҩɽʱ˭뵽ܵõʥշʥ𣬻ʥȸػ£Ŀžӡʵ
оٴ漣ˣͥЦ˵
ܣĿԴɣ˵ͷ˵ġ
û뵽ǣҶĿ겢ǽǰʮǰ
ˣһʱˣ׼£ʼ
һ£һɹǿڵУ糤һӿһ㣬յһǧŻ飬ȿֺҪշʸ
ʱҶͽ໥һۣͷǿ꿿ȫշʥȵӡ
Ҷͽ̫ǿ깥£ոշ飬δü˵ʥȵӣͱǶǿж˻飬Ǳֱ˺ѡ
һ̣Ҷͽ̿Ż飬ĵһһޱߵĻ𺣣ХŹʮʥȵӡ
Ƕ˾Ŀػ𹥻£һʥȵӸֵסе겻ϱ˺ѡ
ģ
һʥȵӵ걻Ҷ˷𣬻ʥӲȻŭƻ黯һֻڵľ޴𻢣ȥ

ҶƻһŤӴӭȥʥӿƵĻмҵɱ޾Ļ档
мս֮ʣ̿ƻҶ㽫һʥȵӵ
֮䣬ʥȾֻʣ»ʥһˣʣµӵȫ𣬶շĻ飬ҲȿֺĶˡ
걻һʥȵ⵽귴ɣΪ˽ûзˣͷڵУ顣
ণ
һ𣬽̿ƻȵĻ𺣣ٴνһʥȵӵ飬ǵꡣ
糾ҪʥȲ𣿡ɫĻʥû뵽ҶôݣϾɱŭĴ
ôˣҶ΢΢һЦϷŸոտʼܰɡ
˵ţҶһ͹ĻͻȻתγһǿĻУҪϯ顣
оеĿ£ʥɫ΢䣬æƻԾŻС
ҵҪӣ
Ҷ粻ϵƻȫ׷ʥӲٿصĻ𻢣ƱҪ顣
ʱ̿ƻȫϮͬ˻Уػʥӡ
ģ˺ôĹȻһʥԣĲǣ
һľ᷿УһĿ࣬ӵһͷɫòʥмƣʵɲӣͨĿʥȵӼȫ𣬻ʥӱҶ磬׷ɱɥ֮ȮһĻıףŭɶĴ
췢ӣʥؾʵӵʥʦͷεĻꪡ
Ѽӣ㲻Ǻţƣǿô蹷һĴӴܰ滳ƷʦǲǼġ
Ҷ뽿һ׷ɱʥӲٿصĻ飬һߴġ
Ǹҵţʥһᱨʥҧгݵķһ˿һķģȫҶ˵׷ɱ
Ҷ̫ǿƣγɵĻ̫£ûһ˸ҰʥӶԵУֻɥ֮ȮӴܡ
Ϊ˶Ҷ˵׷ɱʥʹ˻ƹʮֵǱʱʥӸоʱ˵Ѱ
ֲסʱһʱڹȥ۵꼸ѵĻʥӹһ٣סԼƿصĻ飬յĽ뵽˳
ȻҶͽ׷ɱһĻȴܴ裬ټʥȵӳȫûҪѪ
ҵţĲǣ
ʥӵѪɫ۾ŭҶˣҧгݵķĵ
ɣҲ仰Ĳ㣡Ҷ΢΢̣Ե


1160 һ߷
ˣѡνʦú׼һг
ʩչͨڽһǧʦӡǣ
̣߰ǻȥ
ҶƳһ߳ŭɫĻʥӵˣȥ
糾ӣΪʥȺ۸Ͼ֪ʥȵ
ĿҶȥıӰɫĻʥó˴Ѷ顣
糾̶ֵĲٽ븴
Ѿ֪ľԻʥӵΪʮֲܣŻĶˣûǣЦ˵
İ˴Һͷ糾һһϲģƯĴ۾״ĸ첲˵
ʥȣǻμӳ
ʱһǿɷ֣Ҷˣŵ˵
ɫ΢΢һ䣬󣬿ɫۣͷɽƣ͸ŲŭĻꪴһʥȸ֣סǡ
ʥѵҪҾΪУ
ȻꪵʵԶʤϾǾһ̾»ꪡ
ο̻˵Ϊʦ˸Ŀɽ
欣ҸӣƽϣСӣ뽻ҴãʥҶ磬ݿܵ˵
ʱʥӵߵĻԣϷʵؿҶ磬ȴĵһĻ֡
ʥ糾䣬ǲὫģõ˵
ô˵ִҪʥΪˣꪵɫøӵŭ˵
ûʥΪе˼ڷ糾Ϊʲôʥȣʥ䲻ȵ˵
ǣ欣ΪоҾͲҶԸ㣿㣬ͼĪ֮ҪҪҽͼſ۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫв
ǷۣģүˣҲֻס΢΢һЦη˵
һݣͭҲҷû뵽ȻһҲԼеŭԽԽŭɭɭ˵
ʱ֮ĳͻΧ۵ԽԽ࣬ȴûһ⡣
ʥǲʥȣҰĵطǲҴطˡҶ绺վ˳Ŀ¶׹Ļꪣη˵

û뵽Ҷ羹ҵڽѵԼһɿµΰб羪κһϯҶ磬Ҫѹڵϡ
ԻͷŵƳҶ絲˽ǰѨе˲עȫԵסս޻ϢϢѹȣֱͦ˼ΡȻ
ʥб³۸Сʲô£бŭڻͷŵѹϣŭ˵
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ͼ֣¶һ˿ЦݣͼүΪȻʥԣǲҪһˡ
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ͼԼһ۾ԶԶ㿪ꪼ
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ȷʵͼ˽ͼ˾Щ⣬Ҷļջѡ
ʱ̵ͻȻ¶Цݣûꪸеܴ裬ҲƲסеŭ
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ʱһͻȻһɫͷѩף׷ͯյͻȻȺ߳ŭյĵգ˵
׷ͯߣʮɢ֮һ˼磬Ҫڼʦ֮ϣӵмҩ͡
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ӣͬ£Ҳʮɢ֮һų֮ʵľڵ֮ϡ
ʮɢͬʱˣʱΪ˾ԵĽ㣬ϢԼٶɢ˳ȥڻȻ󲨡


1162 һִ
ҩͣҪΪʥȳͷ
Żɢŵҩ㣬Īҩͣɫһ˵
գôҲҰͽܣɷϷһ
һĵգҩ¶һ˿ƵЦݣ²˵
˵ʥô˿۸ҹͽԭϼһǳĿؿҩͿ޺ףסĵŭ˵
ȻʥȣͬΪʮɢ֮һҩͣ˼ɣ˼ɵĲҩ͵ʵҩͿµĺ
ܶϹﶼҩǧ˿ƵϵõĶݣЩϹڹײάҩͣԵյʵӰҲͷ۲ѡ
գȷʵòԣ׻˵һĲ죬ͽʵܺˡҩͿŽ侲ĵգ˵
㵽Ҫ˵ʲôʵ
廹ϵˣ¼ȻСǲǽСԼ
ҩͿҶ磬ȻĿͣҶУ۾з·ȼŻ档
ǰ˵öԣȻҺͻʥģսɣ
ҩͻв˼ټҶоնҩЩɵֵ̫վ˵
νҩ¶˵Цݣʵ
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Ҷ翴Źڵϣ屻Ѫɫɷ׵Ļʥӣ˵
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飬ȲҪŴӦҪʲôҶ¶ŵЦݣ̬˵·Լޱǿġ
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һֱĬȴ˼ѹȸеľ˵ˣһ㣬ޱȡ

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еʱҲʵһֱ֣ÿ˶ץסģ˵
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λ·ߣһ޵缫ޣһʥ޻Ҫǿ󣬶һݣԹ̫ϳϡ
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֪λѵݣҶ磬̵˲ɵõһ
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糾ıʤΣһҪСҩͣʵߵģǸ輫ߣ½ݵϹܶܶ࣬ƿصĸϼһﶼЩɵҲҽӵԭ򣡡
ΪгǲμеնҶʮͣ£ҩ͵ϢҶ硣
ллǰѣһСĵģҶ˵ͷӵǬҩ͵ı
ҶĸϹһᣬͻȻоľں˺ɫʯͷеĻ֮ʼ䣬뿪˹ԺҴһص˿ջ᷿С


1163 ľɱ
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һռСıԺУ鲿ֹͷ澡ʧĻꪲȻŭŭ
ʥȻһû˵ԽԽɫǳġ
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ûʲôǵġҩʹ˻ꪵĻǷ糾о仰ҺͬǿһֿһִʵóԿ⡣
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ʥӹҩͿͷ
ǰ䲻ˣСرǴرʧȥ˵ʥȴ֣֮
ҩͺȸ˱еĲˮóһö򣬽˻ʥӵҶ飬ڽ죬ңУĳֱӱμӸҪνʱ䡣
ллʦ档
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ȻʱܶݣԻʥӵļ䣬ȫܽҩţʱںҩ͵飬ܶʱ
˵Ƴ׼ʥпƳƴֻʦҶ硣
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ţر䲻ʧʤǷ糾ȷʵҩͻǵ۾͸һ˿֮ɫɭȻ˵

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оɱĻľȫһԸϳƷʥǿһѹǴﵽ˼µĳ̶ȣʥʥ׶ѹˡ
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ҶһȸѪڽУǿпѪںϡ
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ҪڱУʥӵнż̤飬̳һ겻
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1164 򵥵ĳ
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ϵʥӻֱӽ븴û¶֮ɫ
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ÿʯ̨֮ϣڷһģһ䷱ҩݣܶѾǰռʯ̨
Ҷ뽿̣ûλõʯ̨ѡ˽ΪƫԶʯ̨ȴʼ
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Уʱֻʱ׼ãʼŴ
Ż£ʯ̨ϵĽʧˣæ𵤷ٵؼ
Ʒˮʿʵʮҩݡ
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ҵƽİ취ҶûκεԥʮζҩԼ¹ǲӽ˵¯Уһ𣬵ȼ˵¯ʮζҩݣȫᴿ
ͬʱʮζҩݣĿ飬ĿͶԻĿҪ󼫸ߣҶ˵ȴûжս
˫һƣϵشһӡٿԽԽ𣬶Զʮζҩݾᴿ
һʱ䣬ήڻĶʮζҩݻ˶ʮĵξҺҺûһ˿ʣϾ

ᴿҶ𲻶ϵۣʮĵξҺһ
Ϊ¹ǲݻɵ޲Һȱʧϱ͵ҶҺûӰḶ́ʮĵҺʮ˳׵ĵҩΡ
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ҩγɣҶ˫ֿٵһ·ӵһĵƸУ£͸¯ڽɫҩУŵҩƷʡ
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һʦɵ㶵ؿɢս֮ĵ¯¶˲˼֮ɫ
ôܣȫյƣᴿûгκε覴ãôʧأ
򿪵¯ŵ¯ײһڵҩңƷʦ޷ʵΪʦʵҪ˵ƷƷҲмߵĳɹʡ
ʧܵԭʱƮŨŨҩͻУֽһ
ű˴¯нڵҩңЩʧܵʦĴ㵣һãȻ֪Լʱ⡣
ˣ
һ¯ͻȻٶҶ͵һĹ̵ĵ¯ɢŵʮҶһץġ
ȻЩʦУģ
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̼Ҷ֮Ƴʮ
ʱڹУͨ赹սľ𿴵Ҷͽʦӱ¶ԺЦݡ
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ʱƣܶʵʦвʮƵҲкܶʧܣ̭
ڽŵУʱȥˡ
һֽŶҵĳ


1165 
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Űʯ̨ͻȻӳİ׹⣬ӳ۾
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ַ˫Ť֮䣬һһֵС㣬ҡҷӣϵĵ¯УһſƷƷʡ
糾࣬дҷ緶п²ǰ㣬˴ǰʮ
һֱ۲ҶţҶɫƽַһǳɣԽӵ͡
ֹ˴ԼʱҶâƵ˫˫ּнĶյĹ̵ĵ¯
ÿһû¯жһζƷɵʮ£ʮƷȫΣȵˢˢĳ忪˽յ¯ǣɵ˰С
ĿʮƷȿֺɳ¯һĻͨ赹Ŀɿڴ¶˻ģոջЩӵĹʱ
˵Ҷ߳еĻɣ˵ļʶĿ¡
޵ı֣һ̲ʥ˵С


1166 
ɹˣСĳɹˣ
ȻԤϣ͸赿ҶͬʱƳʮƷһĻĻǱһ£ɫޱȡ
糾ȻлҪɫڵǺ֪ļǶ١ҩȴû¶һ˿ɫ̬ݵ˵
ͣӦƲ׼ʥɡꪵͳ˵Ҷӵ׼ʥʵǾ޷̵Ŀܡ
׼ʥɲʲô˶Ƴģʵ׼ʥĳɹҲһɰɡҩ˵
ֻҪƲ׼ʥԻʵлϣꪰһ˵
ˣǻȥɣҩͻվ˵
ʦһ֣ǲȥ𣿡ꪲʵ
ˣʵѾ˽⣬ûмȥıҪˡҩҡҡͷŻꪵ뿪˹᷿
糾ƵʮƷңʮŵƷʣƮȻҶߣݲȵףƵϢ˵
ǣ
Ҷ˵ͷʮƷš
ʮƵʮƷȫʮƵ
ҶƵʮƷͫһϵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
лҪɫúñڴʵı֣Ҷ缸䣬ƮȻ뿪ˡ
ǣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ŻУоڹעԼЩ˭һʱ²
Ҷ֮󣬽ʦӱٽʱʱɹƳʮƷÿŵƷȫﵽʮơ
ܿ죬ʱȥˣٴ𣬴˻δɱʦ
ʱƳʮƷѶȲС˳ʦδȫδȫʦнʸ
ʦ£ǰʦҶͽ̵ʲõռ˵һڶ
ˣ̭ѡֿ뿪ˣѡ֣ʱϢʱ䣬ʱ󣬽һֳ߿ɲμյĸŴһʯ̨ʧܵѡִͳ硣
ͣ
Ҷ뽿̸ſռƶһۣÿһϥʯ̨ԣĬĬصϢָ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ֳľǴʵиֵȼĵǿɸʵѡϷƵҩĵȼƷʽǰһյĸ
ˣݸոյΣʼѡ糾׼ƺֵȼĵѯʸոȡõһҶ硣
ƷҶԥ˵г˶ʵš
ҶһҲѡƼƷ
ɹǱǶ쵤䷢İǻ£ǶһԾΪ
ƼƷѶȼ󣬳ɹʲߣһƷʦҲԸѡҶˣûһѡƼƷ
ʦѡ굤ʯ̨ϳҪҩġ
׼ÿĸʱʱ䣬ʼ
һ£һֳʼˡ
Ҷɨһʯ̨ʮζҩݣȫͶ뵽Ʒ¯Уʼᴿ
̱࣬ƷȼϽ¯˵׼ȼķ¯
¯ֵһ˲䣬ӳ޾ĺ⣬̽ע뵽¯ʱ¯еķơ
һֻӰֳ¯ֻӰǷ¯顣
¯꣬ʥ¯ôǸСУʲôݣ
ٵ¸أʵȺʦϳ˷¯ɴ۾¶˲˼֮ɫ¶̰֮ġ
ƼƷѶȼκϸСƫʧܣʱҶ磬ԺеһоƼƷһ˿һĲ
Ŀػ£ʮҩеʱƯȵĵ¯С
ʱҶֽ¯𣬼Ӵ˵¯еĻʮŵҺٵںϣƷ
ʱҶ˫һܵĵƣЩƷĵƣҪߵвա
ʱһһһɹŨŨҩҶǰĵ¯ͷų
ʱҶѾԳɵˣΪ˽ƷƵƷʣγʮƣҶȻ֪ƣµĵơ
أ
ٽʱʱһſųεĵҩƳ¯ɵ˰УЩҩ󲿷ƷƷ֡
ɵ
Ҷ۾ʱڽƷʮƵһַݺݵĴ̵ĵ¯۵¯еһȱʮƼƷ
Ҷɵ˲䣬ͬƷʵʮƼƷɳ˷¯̰۵СС
˫˫ƳƷҶͽ໥һۣ¶˵Цݡ
ܿ죬ĸʱȥˣųʦ
ŵּ飬Ҷ磬̵һ˳ʮƷʦи


1167 ɱ
糾̶ǽı̫ˣΪǸе
ɾ°Ҷͽ̣߳޽ΰ׳Ļʱӭȥ
ľ˿Ҷͽؿڱŵİǻʱ¶˼֮ɫ
Ȼľ𱻻ʥӰ㣬ʧȥ˳ʸ񣬵ƾҶͽȡõĳɼѾʱΪˡ
ʱף춼Ǵ󲻵ĺôټǶ˵ӰƬʦǰͶ׳춼ǵĵ̡
ͷ糾ȣһ࣬һ¯ͬʱʮֵҿûУĿ͵ؿҶ磬Ц˵
⵹ǣʱ糾ͬʱʮֵը˹ɹ˲䣬ˣľ͵˵
ߣǻؿջף£ȻǺú׼ĸ
˵ţҶһˣڲپ̾Ŀע£뿪˻⣬ص˿ջ
ҹĻ٣ķڿУǹ¹ںһޱȣԶԶȥӡ
ԹҶص˷䣬ڷвһƣʼϢָ״̬
ո붨ûãһ΢ڸ𣬾ŵҶ硣
š
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ԥһ£ɢ˸ƣţһɫɴȹĸʮ־£ɢŵŮӶһڷŸĲ̣վ⡣
𣿡
ıѣƤƣӵд̼ڶʱŮӣҶʵ
ү繫Щ㣡ŮĿ͵ؿҶ磬ĵ˵
Žɣ
Ҷ´ۣ˵
ӣȳԣ˾ͲҪˣ
Ů΢΢ӣ¶һĻȣʮŵĽ̸ϣ˵
Ǻүģ
Ҷ翴Ż˵İŮӣͫ΢ʵ
ţȥʺүŮ¶˵Цݣ˵
ҪϷˣүǲһԻŮ͸ģҶ绺˵һǿϢɢɫȻİŮӡ
ӣǲ˵ЦԻ㣬ӲţԼҵӣ
˵ţ͸εİŮͻȻ쵽˱󣬽⿪ȹ
ʱɫɴȹ⻬Ƥϻ䣬˽£һߺ覴õչ¶Ҷǰ
ͻȻŮĿ͸һɱϸ̺綾ĺָҶѨλϣҪҶ嶴
빥Ҷ粻ûܣӭȥԼƷ壬ֵסĹ
Ůû뵽Ҷ˵ǿ󣬿Ʒ룬Ȼ޷䴩壬ԥ˲ĵһžʯ˵ûˡ
ôɱʧܻ𣿡
Ҷһǿγǿѣ֮شһĻ꺣УӦ˶ݵĳٻ
ҶٶȼĴҪɱŮӣĻ֮ʱٶȼĽâڴӽҶ硣
ҶƶٶͻȻ˲ܿǧĴֺݺݵؿסŮӹ⻬ϸļˮ̴ķƽ壬ֱӽ⡣
Ůӱ˲䣬ͻȻԱ壬һǿıըߺҶ磬һ
䣡
ȻջнػɱŮԱһ󣬻ջҵҡΣƬˣ˲ˣܼŮҲˡ
糾ʲôˣ
ݵķ˳·أδ˵Ҷ磬ʵ
˴ɱңҶлڿջ棬ȫܵɱֵүǱԼȥ׷ɱ֡
˵ţҶȼ˽Ѫıٶȣ˾ҡεĿջԼٶ׷ɱںҹȫɱ֡
Ȼɱַٶȼ죬ҶڽѪ£֮ܿľ룬׷˻ǳǱߡ
ۿɱֱǽĽסͻȻһԶԶ˻ǽϡ
һ̣ǽƳ˵ˮƣǿĽƱıﶴһɱִӳ˻ǡ
ɱң㻹𣿡
Ҷлע뵽˿ϵĳǽϣǿӻ˽Ƶʱ䣬һ̷˳ȥ׷ɱɱԼʧܵĺɱ֡
Ҷ׷ɱһƬïʢɽ֮ʱҶĸ֪ͻȻоĹɱԼ
һ̣ĵޱȣ·ܶһеǹâڵҹգĸҶ磬ƱҪɱ
ڸǰϦҶֵĴɱ


1168 Ӱ

ͻȻ⵽ĵǹâҶ粢ţ̤ͻȻ٣ӻһӰһ֮Ƶĵǹâʱ˳ȥ
ս޻ʾŮɱ֣ôֱʣ
ɱȻ棬欵˶Ůӣʵﵽս޻ʼޣҶЩ⡣
ŮɱûҶϻһʧܣֳֺɫǹ糤о֯һޱߵǹӰҶ硣

ĵɱǹâϮҶͼ˫ƴޱߵƽҶУż֮һ飬޼𣬺ĵɫǹâľɱ
ƣɱֹϵľһ𣬻һɱ󣬹㼯һһʮɳĺɫǹ̶ֱ£ЯµҶ磬Ҫ
Ѫȼգӡ
֮˺ɫǹҶϵȼѪռе֮ڽ壬ʵӡӭȥ
һӡ𶯣ռޱ䣬ӿֲһͿһӡʱСĸо
ǣ
ӡɫǹײһ𣬱ռ䶼ƬƬֻҷڵҹոǱҵĶײ֮ӳ
ںɫǹâϱӡʱҶ̤ңֱϣɱߣʮǬ֮壬˲˽ϮĽӣȻ޾Ĺɾɱˡ
ҶٿǬ󹥻£ɱ˲ѹƣɱȻȼѪ֮ƴֵȻһǬ֮壬Ʋϵؼء
ͨԽţ
ۿ˵ֵסǬҶͻȻӵͷһ̤ɭѹֲİԽŴŽڽһ̤˾ɱϣֱӽ̤ѣǴӰ̤˵棬ҳĸӡ
ߣ
̵Ҷ羪˵ʵɱֹͻΧܣͻΧ˲䣬Ҷ꺣еٴαγĹǿѣ˵Ļ꺣
ɱ⵽ѣӦһ˿ٻҶ׼ǿƽʱҶĸ֪ͻȻоһɼȿµɱԼ
ɱ֮ǿҶһֱ߶ϵĸоȫĺëֱ
ಣ
Ҷ类ֲɱʱָѵĺɱѸڽ˺ҹʧ
ɱҾͲҪزصˣ
Ҷӿڵ֣˱У˵
ˣ
Ҷ绰䣬͸ޱɱͻȻۣһնɽӵɱſµĵ⣬ڿռһؽۣҶ硣
ؾܣ
Ŀռεȵļ̣һ˺ѿռģٴﵽؾˮ׼Ҷ粻ӲӣѸܡ
Ҷܵ˲䣬ֳĵݻŴ֮ɱᴩһ㣬Ҷ磬ᵽŨŨв
Ҷ֪УҪٻӭսʱһݹصĽâһĵɱ
һ̣ɫۣɢޱ߽ľҶǰ
ǰ
Ҷû뵽ʱ֣ٻܵͷ¶һ˿м֮ɫ
ģڣûܶ˵гޱǿš
һṦ򣬵գڵˣϣȴ¶һ˿ź֮ɫ
ˣ̾Ϣһ
ˣкڵڣˣ֪ڵٶȣҲĪ
˺ܲ򵥣Ҳֻǲ׽ıӰٶȸǾˣ׷ʧ˺ҹУ궼޷ڵ˵
Ȼǿ˵ıӰǾ˻᲻ҩͣ۾͸ŷĹâʵ
ҩͣҡҡͷ˵ҩȻʵ£ûܵʵ˵ʵӦôﵽ쾳
λǰ֪ǿɷ֪Ǹɱ֯ɱ֣ȫŮģʱҶ翪ʵ
Ӱ˵˾ȻӰɱɱ㡣
ǰӰ֯ʵΣ¶֮ɫҶʵ
£ͷ۲ѵɱ֯һΪɱһӰ
Ӱɱ֯ȫŮˣÿɱֶʮֿ£ǶϵĿ꣬⣡׹һıӻۼɱӰʮأû֪ܲû֪ǵж
߰ɣǻسǣʱ䣬ǾͺĸϼһסһɣڣӰҲ˵
ã
Ҷûоܾŵ˷ص˻ǣס˵ڻеĹԺС
ܿ죬ˣĸʼ


1169 
糾ҹɱûϢãһҪСģҪս̫ߵѶȣ⡣
Ż߳䣬ɫƽҶ磬΢΢ЩҹĴɱӰ쵽յı
İɺүϢˣ
Ҷӵֻ֮֮һʱƬָܻ̾糣
߰ɣȥ
Ҷһǰ;Уûһͬǰ˰ҪɱҶĻ֮ˡ
ߵΰĵ⣬Ҷһǡʥȵˡ
ʥûҶˣһҶ磬ʥȾƷʦһ߽˻С
糾ȻûҵɱףҸо׼пʥйأģľԽĸǧҪܻʥǵļƣסҶĴ֣ĵ˵
Ị̇ʥӱذܣҶץŽỬϸС֣͸¶ޱǿš
ҹɱĻ֮ˣԼɱδϣûйһ˿Ӱ졣
ΪҶı̫ޣʦѣΧҶߵʦʥ۾вɵ͸һĨ⡣
糾Ͼͻ֪һվĸߣˤøݣһһڵϣҿͷ
˽ҩͽʥջĶ࣬ʱȫƳƹŵҶ硣
ˣ
һʮʦȫʱڿˣûκԥշȥ뵽¶ȼߣƮŵɫһʯ̨С
ڻʥѡһλòʯ̨ʱҶȴѡԵʯ̨ûʥüͷ΢΢һ£һԵҶ硣
飬ɣ
ӭŻʥӵҶ¶һ˿ŵЦݣÿ˵
̸ʤǲΪʱ磬Ҳ֪ʲôʥӲÿԵ
飬ûв´ԼĿǴ˴ǰʮɣҶÿ˵
ôѵΪԼҲʵǰʮʥ¶һ˿ЦݣĴ
˵ˣǰʮô͵Ŀ꣬ҴûĿǴ˴ĿǵһҶҡҡͷ͸¶˭Цݣ˵
һ
ʥͫһݵĳԾ¶˼֮ɫҪҶ粻ʱҶȴŤͷڿֱ
ȻʥӴﲻҶĿ꣬ҶոյĻһ̣УĲһ˿
¡¡
رˣɫϢΪһųϿգɨһ۽һٰʮʦ˵
ܽ븴֤ǵյĸֻһֻʮ˿ɽİԽյĸóԼǿʵǻٶȣҩƷʣҩȼۺǰһʦý
ˣע뵽ǰʯ̨Уǻʯ̨пͬȼĵѡõҩԻḡֳ۳ɰܣĵҩУ
˵꣬һʮʦͷǿע뵽ǰУǿʯ̨͸ʯ̨вͬȼĵ
ŵ𵤣ŵ֮һҩ̺֮˾ֵʵǿ֮Ѫ֥ƹǲݣԪʮݡ
ҶŹŵѡѵĹŵ𵤡
ʥӣȻҲѡƹŵƹŵѶ̫ʧܼʺܸߣѡƵڶѶȵйŵ
ѡƵĵصʯ̨ӳĿİ׹⣬׹ɢȥʱҩȫϡ
ŵ𵤣Ȼѡƹŵ𵤣
ѡõʥӱܵؿһҶ磬Ҷǰʯ̨ʮʱͫһ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ôߣ
ѡѵһֹŵҶԼʵţټҶոտĻûʥ
ֻƣôߣĬĬţ
ܿ죬ʥַԼģŬԺеͷŻӦÿһҩݵҩԣΪŵ׼
ʱͻȻһŻƣɢȥʱһ޴©С
ʱΪ죬©еĻɳ
ˣʽʼ
һ£пĸʼˡ


1170 ŵ
ȸ
ȻҶǿУں˴飬ƹŵҴ⣬ӵĹŵȸٻ˳
ʥΪʥȵĴˣҲӵһƷʲĹŵȼ¯ҩ¯û飬Ʒʱȸ˲١
ŵͬڵѶȼʱҩͶ˳ҲнҩݾһʼͲӦ֮ɹŵ
Ҷƹŵ𵤵ʮҩݣŬһ£ԺֳʮҩݵԣţҶ簴Ժе飬ȽѪ֥ԪɺײͶ뵽ȼȸӰӻƵȸ
ήڻɵľҺ׵ľںһһ˿֮
ţҶ罫˴žҺӡȸ䣬Ͷݣᴿ
ƹŵҪ࣬ݵȼߣʱԶԶƷҶḻ飬ĸʱսʮȫᴿ
ᴿ֮ҶûпеҺںһ𣬶ḻ飬Һ˴˼໥ںϣⷱҩݳ˼󣬴Ӷʧܡ
ûзḻ飬ûгǧεʵ飬֪ںϵĴ򣬵ҩںϾͻᵼʧܡ
ƹŵҩݣÿһ궼ֵƣûзļҵף޷޼ɵĻӻЩҩҲΪʲôƷʦϡٵԭ
ЩƷʦУϼŵʦʮˡ
ҶǿĵУᴿ̣ʥҲᴿʼں鵤
Ȼ𲽽ϵͣҶΪ˸мԼޱش;飬ټѩԼǿƹŵ࣬о֣û¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʥӲ͸ҩֵͬʮִݣÿһ˿ÿһĿƶݲȣдҵķ緶
ȻӢ۳꣬Ƿ糾̣ʥӶѵһţǷ糾ôṦ򣬾Ͳ͸˹ŵʮζҩݵԣɵƣȾ飬ҶЩǲһϹαװģ
һֱڻУͨ赹ĸƣַ̩֮ȻҶ磬ɵ͵
ǰǹŵ𵤿ɲ򵥣Ѷȼ󣬾һʥʦƹŵ𵤵ĳɹʹҲֻߵ˳ɣСһڸսŵҩԼĵʮţ˵ͷĿһֱҶ硣
Ƿ糾ƳŵƷʴﵽϣпܳ˴ǰʮ˵
ǰСһӵǶ̾ѵʵǿףĺ֪ĸϹｻôͽܡ
뵽ҹڻǷ£ͥ˵ͷ̾
Ĵ߲ڹעҶ磬кܶҲעоޱֵҶ磬ֽ֪ʲô漣
ʦɷ񿴳Ƿ糾ͻƵʲôȼҩ𣿡ȻʥʦֻʥʦǾ飬ԶԶ޷ҩȣͨҩ޷ҶͻʥƵĺεȵҩ
Ƿ糾Ƶǹŵ𵤣ƵŵҩͶжӣƷζ裬˵
ŵ𵤣Сƹŵ𵤣
ֹŵƷʣҩŵ޷ŵȡ
ƹŵ𵤵ѶȸǸߵó棬ƹŵ𵤵ĳɹҲ˳ɡ
˼СһһδθҾϲҹĲۣƹŵ𵤣ǲ򵥣ҩ¶ŵЦݣݵ˵
ҩ͹ž޲ӣꪺʣҹ֮Ƿģߣȥ
ꪣǲʣҹǲ˴ɱķ糾ҩͷ·𿴴˻ꪵ˼˲豭ʵ
ʦ飬ҲҶʣæϵ
ʵѾ˴𰸣ҿȷĸ㣬ҹ޹أҪ֣ɣ
ҩȻûб飬ƽĻУȴ͸ޱǿţ·ȫһ˵
ʦǵ˭أ
ҩͷϣ뵽˳˼Уգ²Ҷ֮⵽ɱпǿʥйϵ
ʱһʱת˲š
һʱƣҶڽʮҺںһγ̺֮ĵΡ
ȻǰںϹʮֵ˳ûһ˿覴ã֮أҲΪѵĲ裬̻ŵƼ׳ƫһͽʧܡ
ŵƵĸǿֲûǿ֧ţ޷ʱŵơ

Ҷȸ¯еĻ¶ȣ˫ˮı仯ϵһµĹŵƣ͸ȸ뵽˽𵤳С
Ҷ翪ʼʱٶʤĻʥҲڴݲȵŹŵƣԼһпŵƷʣҶһ
أʱֹȥһ죬ٽβ


1171 ֮
ء
ٽβʱžЩѹֵͻȻһ̶ı
һƷʦʱƫµҩеҩйʧձ¯һ
Ҳ֪ǲܵƷʦʧܴȾİʱУʦʧܡ
ı¯δҶ˹Ӱ죬ҶһеһͷǿȸеĻ棬һŹŵƣŹŵ𵤵Ʒʡ
ȻҶﵽǵʥµĹŵƣҶлǸеһ˿ƣ
򲻵ѣر¶ʥ𣬲ȸ𣬼Źŵٶȡ
ֹʱ޴ɳ©еĻɳʣʱʥ۾ͻȻ⣬һھѪڽ㵤¯С
ں˻ʥľѪ¯еøӵʢڻоҷŵ
ڣڻʥѪ£ŵɵһŸյޣײ˹̵Ķǣա
ŵ
ŻʥƵŵ˰˵ĵƣв˷˾
ʥӲʥǧѵһţƳƹŵǱ󣡡
ǰʥ̫ˣʱ䣬һܳΪʥʦпܳΪʥʦ
ˣ˵糾ʥӴĵ𣿡ͻȻʵ
Ȼ˵ˣ˵Ƿ糾ı㹻ޣҸоǷ糾ʥȣвСĲ࣬ͷ⣡
ͨĿûʥƳƹŵйȫʥӸ߳ûٿҶ硣
ľ΢΢Ҷ絣ģܵʥӳɵӰ죬ģʱ̹һ
ڻʥհŵҫҶʱһڷӰķ¯ͷų
̽һ˫ֿٵŤһӡصػ¯̵¯ڡ
һ̣̺¶ȵŵ˷¯ͷ͵İ׹⣬ڰС
ƣȻҲƳƹŵ
ڽͷŵȻҲﵽ˰Ʒʣʥüͷһƣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
֪ŵƵİƷʵѶȣҩ飬ĵ̥ǣ۽󿪣޿Ƴƹŵ
ѵпƳŵ𵤣
뵽ʥӵĿⲻɵƮʯ̨ɫ΢΢͸һĨ԰׵Ҷ硣
΢΢ЩҶ磬ʥ΢΢̣¶һĨЦݣ
оҶʱƳŵ𵤣ҲƳƷʣŵȻŵ𵤣ڵҩƷϣԼȴѹһͷӶȡʤ
ҶģҶʮа˾Żһʧܣ޷ٹ涨ʱƳŵ𵤡
̻ʥӣ֮󣬲پƷʦҲˣʱ̹һʧܡ
ʱһһۿ©еĻɳҶŴŵƵ˫ֺݺݵӡȸС
ţһ̶һֻȸӰƳ˹̵ȸȸϸϣһŽӲӣͷŴ֮Ĺŵ
ڻʥӵɴ۾ҪҶƵĹŵǼƷʱּۿҶ罫ȸӰϵĹŵյģϥʯ̨ԣĬĬصϢָĵ
ģС˹ʺˣȻʱ˹ŵ𵤡
ʥаһȻûпҶƵĹŵǼƷʣҶ̬оҶƵĹŵƷӦø߲ˡ
ȻҶԼҫˡ
ҶƳŵûã©һɳĸˣڸʯ̨ΧĽ֮ʧˡ
糾û뵽㹷ʺôǿҶЩĽˣ֪Ƴ˼ƹŵ𵤣ʥƵؿչŵ𵤣ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ҷ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ô飿ԼʤȯˣҶɨһۻʥӣ䲻ȵ˵
ȻҵһƳŵ˭ڸʤңʥ¶һ˿԰ı飬˵
ĻȻǵòپƷʦƳİŵȷʵܱȣʦŭԡ
Χı۵ףʥϵЦݸŨˣƵ˷糾Ҫ׾ҴˣǴҶ㲻ƹŵ𵤵ƳƷʣֻһưɡ
ܾ֮Ǿ֮ܣƳһöŵ;޵ˣǿЦҶҡҡͷ΢̣¶һ˿֮ɫĲ㣬Ƴһöƹŵ𵤡
ʲô
Ҷ˫ָ⣬žŵƵĹŵ𵤣ʥɵˣڵʦҲɵۣոջЩʱѻȸ
˵ĿȫҶ˫ָǿţ·ӵħԵľƹŵ԰Ρ


1172 ֶ
⣬ôܣƹŵ𵤣Ҳۻɣ
عĻʥʹ۾ԼһĻ޷
ˣˣ۾Ҳı䲻Ҷ翴ĿɿڴĻʥӣʵĲ㣬κʵ̫ˣûоãԼһС󣿡
㡭
ҶĳĻʥӻ£ζըˡ
ʱȴҲκηĻһʼƵֻʳ
糾ŸոտʼƣЦһң
еŭ𣬻ʥطһڿҶ磬۽ǣȴŭյġ
ССˣðɣҾڻжһΣҶҡҡͷ¶ζЦݵ
ˣƵĵҩʯ̨Уʯ̨飡͵ؿһٸϲҶ磬
ˣ
һ׹ʯ̨ӳһصʯ̨·ӵһ㣬ʦƵĵ̵ʯ̨УʼƵҩƷʣҩǷڸۺϳɼ
ܿ죬ˣһ޴ľʯĻϿգ˵ĳɼƵҩƷȫڹĻϡ
ҶƳƹŵ𵤣ʲõĶ˸һȻʥӺͽƳŵΪʥٶʤڶ
žʯĻ˾ϲҲź
յİζҶͽ˫˫˴˴ǰʮӵ˾ǻ£ȳɼǽԭġ
Ŷʧȥʸ񣬵ǰһʦнʱĿҶƳƹŵ𵤣һĳɼȻ󲨡
찡Ƿ糾ȻƳ˾ƹŵ𵤣Ϊʲôԭû֣
ǰʥѾ̬ˣǷ糾ȣ̫Զƹŵ𵤣ƾʥʦһɫҵʥӶԶģ㹻ʵģŪãЦ󡣡
糾ʥӺܳɫǸƯĲ񻰵Ľ̲Ҳͬɫû뵽˴ƥ֪ܲܺʥʦĵλǰʮ
ĿҶѹʥӵһĻҶ羪޵ıһ˹еĹڡ
ΪǰĴɱԷ糾һӰ죬û뵽˳ɫı֣˱ƹŵǻʥӵļޣ䶨ˣ¶һ˿ӺݵЦݣвͱǲ㴰ֽҶͽһ
ôСŶôƳƹŵ𵤡
žʯϵɫ쳣ѿҶյı֣ʥҪڰ죬뵽ʧܵĺꪳסˡ
ʦһҪٰ飬ʥ䲻𣡡ðĿ⿴ųȵҩͣ
ŵѾǻļˣƹŵӦòǷ糾ļޣҩŹϵ˵Ҫڰѣ
ʦ֪ɷʥ¯飬ʥ¯ĳɼһһΣڰǷ糾һҧͻȻ˵ϣΪ˻Ҷ磬Ѿ˲ˡ
ꪣӦҺĵжԹϵҽʥ𶦽飬յܸܿʥȴ鷳ҩͿŹڵϰԼĻꪣ˵
ֻҪܻСϵʥסʥܣԸðգҧ˵
ðɣȻԸеգҾͽʥ𶦽飬ܲջǷ糾ֻ֪ҩͳ˼һ£վ
ллʦʦû
ꪲϵĹڵϣĪҩͿͷ˵
ҩ͵ʥ𶦣˵ǿҩ֮һﵽƷʥȼȻԻʥӵʵ޷ƿʥ𶦣ȫȻܽʥ𶦣ʱԼĳɼƳʮƹŵ
糾㵽Ǵĳģ
ҩĿؿŹУݲȵҶ磬˵յı֣ȫҩ͵Ԥϣϵ˼Ƿôһ
ѵ糾Ǽϼһйأ
˼ȥҩ뵽ֻǼϼһпҶ۾вɵ͸һ˿֮ɫ
ҩû뵽ǣҶ˲޹ϵʱеˣҲҶ羪޵ı
ˣĸ˽ʦտϢһ죬аƯڰУеʧʦڡ
߰ɣǻȥ
˫˫ҶͽڷȥʦһʧصС


1173 
үϣӽǰƷˣ
Ҷͽ̲߳ʱڵȴҶ¶ŵЦݣ˵
лл糾Ƕ̫ˣҿֻн̶㣬ܻ壡ͯŮһҶͽ̣΢΢һЦ˵
Ļ̾µͻȻֳ˵ĺΣҶȴѡ˳Ĭ֪λش
ڳ΢΢Щʱһ˵㻺Ʈ
ɫװҡһȣ͸ű֮ˮ̣˾ͬ£ߵҶǰż⣬ǵҶ䣬һıӰת뿪ˡ
ˮ̣СаŮװˮ̣ϳüͷ΢΢һ糾ʶ
ţҺѣҶ˵ͷϵ
߰ɣǻȥɣ
оҶˮ̹ϵܲ򵥣ټ϶˸ոտǵľٶǷǣһ۽ҧ촽Ḷ̌̾Ϣһص˵յĹԺ
ͽ糾ǽıֺܲúñ֣ȡľ緵عԺĵգҶһ˹鲻˵
ʦǻŬأĲɵĽ˵
Ƕ˰ɣúϢûܴŵǣŽ鲻ѣΪˣ˵
ʦһطˣ
̿һҶ磬ص˷䣬ҶҲûԺдţصԼķС
ҹԽԽǵ㣬һƬ
̣Ϣ𣿡
ҹ˾ʱҶͻȻ˽̵ķ⣬ߵŵ
糾ôˣʲô£
⴫ҶŰɫɴ˯ȹںڳɢ˫磬¶ѩ׼ߡ˵Ľ̴ţʵ
̸̸ʱ𣿡
ŽƯҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ɣ
̵˵ͷŰ۵СţҶӭ˷Уʮظһ裬Ķ档
̣֪ûȤҵĹ£
¹ӳ£ӰƯḶ̌Ҷ˵
ð
۾һ¶˵Цݡ
糾ҵҶ磬Ѿӡ
Ҷ罫Լ˽̣Լľ˳ǿ½ݣ°ᵽ֮¸
֪ҶѾȢޣ̾µ͸һĨ԰ףѾȻת֮Ѿ뿪ʱǱסҶ粻ƽĹ£ľ
糾һֱܾҵԭ𣿡ҧű촽ӭҶ峺ʵ
ֻ֮һҪǣһ׷ϴǣ̫ྫ½ҵյ㣬һ򣡡Ҷ绺˵гޱǿ
Ϊ𣿡˵
һΪ֤оΪҶ˵ͷ̹Ȼ˵
糾˵ģͦĽġгһ̤ۣ֮᲻ҡҧ촽ͻȻ󵨵˵
⡭ᣡ
ҶȷʵԽ̺кøУûƭԼģ˵ͷ˵
ҵȣ̤֮۵һ죡ͻȻųʻҪ޵Цݣᶨ˵
ǡ
ûʲôǣĸԸģһ̤ۣ֮Ҳƴϣгһܰﵽ㣡סҶĴ֣ӭ۾ᶨ˵
ã͸ǰụ́һս޻ʼޣǵǧҪתҶ类򶯣гһƳʥƼϵһŸ
Ϊʲô̲ʵ
ڱܣʱ֪ˣҶ΢΢һЦص
ǺðɣɵĽûжʣ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ¶СѣҶ糾ǸʲôϵǲҲǰĽˣ
ҺֻùϵɣһעҲǶݵģҶ˼һ£˵
ˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣϣܽ⿪ĽᣬҪҶὫһĳ۵Ķʵ
ҵĽѾ⿪̤ۣ֮˵糾ҹҷ䣬ɣҸоƹŵʱЩ㡣
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ뽿ɢŵĴϣǣڴϣޱͷ˳ܵķʽޱĽһ׳ꡣ
Ϊ˽һ꣬ڶʱҶóҺڽ꣬ĥ̽
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ҺԼȵ꽻˵ֵҪǣ̽⿪Ľᣬ״̬ĺá
ڵ飬Ҷô
Ҷһһɫ󣬱ĿϢӻҪֵˣ¶һ˿ЦݣĬ


1174 ԵĻӦ
糾̣Ҫ̫︺ڹڴǾʵı֣ͣ
̤ų⣬һĿҶͽ߽˻С
Ƕ˸ո߽ûãһǿϢˣһĲߣӣϹһ˿֮ɫؿڹݻµİ׷̤Ż߽˻С
糾Ǹ߾ǺųƵʥֵļʦҾһʥʦǴ˴һߵʥʦ̴Ҷܵ

ҶԶԶؿżʦоռںһ𣬲ֱ˴ˣۿ·Ĵڡ
ʦãĵĴʦıʦԹˮ´ʦȺ
ȻǱ˴˼ûκεĽǰȻվڻУȴ˼ѹȸУ·ǾһΡľɽɺ
Ҷ簵ԼҪľʱҶĸ֪ĵԼ
ꪣû뵽Ҳˣ
ŻʥߣĿ࣬ӵһͷɫĻꪣҶ¶һ˿ζЦݡ
ȻҲʥʦҶҪĿ꣬ҶؿһۣջĿ⣬ĵصȴ
ܿ죬μӰĶʮʦȫˣǶʮˣߵȼС
λΥˣ
ͻȻžѿһȱڣԵΪ׵λͷӻ˳˻С
Ҫʱˣٽбɣ
Ŀ˼ļʦ˻ǵۣź׷ͯգ˵˵
ʦȲҪżҸһνСһ±أٿʼԣ¶źƵЦݣ˵븴һʵֻ̭ʮܽΪ˹ƽڼ䣬ҩȫṩλĵҩҲС
ȻĴ󣬵ջҲ󣬵ÿƵĵҩֲӴġ
Ҫ֪ŵȵҩļֵߣҪ˵ֵܳ׼ʥЩҩУյԴȷʵǿ󵽲
ˣ˴ΰʱΪ죬ǿѡ񵤷ˣ
˵ţеǬָӳ׹⣬ö̻Ųͬȼǰ
ʱʦ˷׷ͷǿ͸һööУѡŵ
ܿ죬ѡ˵
׼ʥѶȼ󣬳˼ʦĴʦʦԼˮ´ʦ⣬ȫѡƹŵ
ҶѡƵĹŵΪɹ¶ؾܵʵûκεĸá
ɹ¶˵еУƷߣѶһֹŵҪһҩݡ
Ҷ磬ѡɹ¶оͰꪺͻʥӸӶˡ
оλûɣ
Ҷѡ굤¸أӵоȨ¶Цݣ˵
飡
ͻȻŽƱӲ˺ˣɫۣ׷ͯյҩͻȻ֣˵
ҩ͡
ͻȻֵҩͣ˵ɫͻȻ
ҩͣﲻӭ㣬ˣƺ˵
ôû˵һҩûһ˿ŭƵ˵
ƵĻʹңҩͣӭ㣬߰ɣƵ˵
ҽҵģֻͽܺͽһ֤ģ۸ǣ۸ĳɼҩû뿪˼˵
мʦĴʦڣʧƽ㲻ҪΪ˶ǰ㣬䣬Ϊһ˽ĺ˵
㻹£ҵĴʤǵĴˣôڡҩΪҶ˵Ĵˣ˵ɣֻҪһ仰ǿϳң뿪Ҳ̤ǡ
ˣͻȻЦˣ˵ԭΪ糾ǼĴˡ
ôԼĴ˶ҳ𣿡ҩ¶һ˿֮ɫֻҶʦ
ҵ糾ǵĴˣܿϧǣҡҡͷ糾ϼһҪۼ֤˵ıûĻǡ
Уʮİգ
ҶһĿԼһŵ˵
ãȻģҾһ϶£ϣû£ЦݵҶ磬Ц˵
İǰǱɣҶ˵
δʼ̸ʤǲ̫ˣеŭҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
ѡ׼ʥ̸ʤܹһЩѡͬһֵҩעʧߡҶԵػӦ
㡭
û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀˡ
ˣҪνĿ֮磬һлҪʵ˵ֻ֮СİϷҩ͸ûۿҶ磬г˼Ͳм
ǰ˵öԣߵľЩһΨҶʵһӲݰļһҶ΢΢һЦػػ
㡭
ꪸոհŭֱȼζըˡ
ǲǿԿʼˣҩ۾͸һâ˵
ã׼ʼɣ
΢΢һЦ
һ̣Ͽճ˶ʮĿռ䣬ʮռ䣬˵֮ء


1175 
Ŀռ䣬治֪⵽׳λ֣֮
뵽һռ䣬Ҷ緢ռʮֵȶһиţռԣԴԴϲģһѵ֮ء
Ҷϥռ䣬ĬĬϢ״̬ʱռͻȻ˵ˮƣһҪݸռС
ʱֳһ޴©һɳʱҵİʼˡ
ˣ
һ¯ڶʮռУй޾Ļ⣬ռӳ˻ɫ
ʥ𶦣ǻʥٻʥ𶦣
˿ʥٻ̻Źƣ׾ۻ룬ͨڵҩͷʱԼͬ¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫ
ҩͣȻһСˣǲʧƽ
Ƣ𱩵ĴͥŭһŹľϣƷ裬̬ݵҩͣ˵
ƽǿʳУƽʲôҩ΢΢̧Ƥӣɨһͥ˵ƽܵ𣿶Ĺ涨ܽ赤¯𣿡
ͥ˵ǰˣҲǣ
ҩͣҵ۹ǿ㽫ʥ𶦽ǸСҲ޷ı֡ŵͼ߸ܾ޴ʧҩͣ˵
ǹ˼ҩƿصҳͳֽѹˡ
ǾĿԴɣ˭Ц󣡡
ҩ΢΢̣ɫݵ˵·ʤȯա
ŵԴȪʥ𶦣С
ʥ𶦽ҩͣʥ˰֣ԼշʥħʥʥУʥʱɹ¶Ʒʡ
ֻҪʥƳʮɹ¶а˳ɰջҶ磬ڲܣҲݵԭ
ãϣ㻹
˵꣬һԵҩͣĿͶ˹赣ĵصȴĽ
һҩݣɹ¶Ѷȱȴ˲ֹһ㣡
Ҷͷǿ꣬ٸ֪ǰҩݵԺҩԣһҩ̫ӣҶҪ˷˲ʱ䡣
ż֪ǰڹҪԣֻ͸һҩеҩԣӦʱʱֵܳ״
Ҷûżѡ׼ʥļʦˣҲĵز͸ǰҩݣΪϸ׼
Լʱ󣬽˫ҩҩԵҶͻȻ˽յ˫һǡ
ȫ͸һҩݵҩԣҶ罫ʮλػҺУٻȸ׼ʼ
٣ҶݣỨڣ
Ҷȸʮȼ¯˳ҩͬͶȸС
ȸڻ£ֵƵ˲ήڻűɫҺ
ˣ
Ҷлע뵽ȵȸУͨĿػ𣬽ҺдʷڻҺеҩȴûһˡ
ɹᴿҶ˫磬ץͶ뵽ȸУͨĿػ𣬶ҩݽᴿ
ʱһһʮʦʩչ϶ҩݽᴿܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУûһȫᴿ׼ʥŵѶȡ
ᴿ˾ʮҩˣȫᴿˣ
ҶһһλػҺָĻͬʱֲʣµľݽᴿ
ʱתʥͻȻƷʥʥ𶦵ʥӵһᴿѸٷһŻָĵҩʼʩչҩơ
糾ҩ̫ˣ϶ʥ𶦣̫ˣ
ӱһᴿĻʥӣƵüͷɵýһԵ
Ҫҩֻ֮һлҪʵ˵һָоСһﻹᴴ漣ĿؿŴݲȣַҶ磬˵
ʥᴿûãʥʦҲᴿҶΪһҩݵʱϳеҩȫᴿʱ˶ʼҩ
֮飬ڣ
ҶӰ죬ʼ
ʩչɹ¶ʱ¶ƣһο֮ͷǿ֮ĵƣ뵽ȸУɹ¶Ʒʡ
ֻҪ֮ܽ飬ɹ¶Ʒ׼ʥȼһԴľܸҩͣʥǳһ
ɹ¶һƣЩ裬ػ𣬲ں֮ŵʱСĳһ˿΢СĲ
΢СĲֱӵȸе¯ңոĵҩγ˵Ѻۣбļ


1176 
ã糾¯ʧأƲסҪˣ
ͨ赣Ŀôðȸ¯ҵ궯Ƶɫ䡣
һҶַʽʧܣҩ;ԻץסᣬݺݵǣҲߡ
ǸҶʥӴĵ飬Ҷһʧܴһ겻
ѡĴˣҲô𣿡
ҩͺ裬¶ŵЦݣ΢΢ʧ̬Ƶˣ˵
˵ˣ糾ǵĴˣʤδ֣ڸ˵δ̫ˣҩͣ
ȻҶ¯еĵҩʱܱҶȴûһ˿ţȶ¯𣬽鷳
ҲǳвСǵĹϵ¯ңֱӵҺʧԾҩƷҲᳬƣ䶨ˣҩ¶Цݣ˵
ߣҩͣ㻹ͽͽɹɣǼͽɹ¶ĳɹʳɰɣͥ
ͲҪǲˣڵǺǴģıѹĹʥ𣬲֪Ǹ𣿡
Ϊʥ˰֣ҩͲĻʥʧܣðյ˸ǳ⣬ͼıųһʥĹʥ
ҩͣǲùʥԶĵģģҿԺԶһʥ
ʥĶ֮һðգʱҲƣ֪Ҷ绹һųʥ𣬻лģ˼һ£˵
ãϷͺˣϣ֮ǲҪˡ
ʥļֵҲȻûթʥܵõһʥҲǲСջҩͺԥӦˡ
ģһʥ𣬲ҾãʤĻǣǬָóһӡŴƵİУ˰С
㻹Ӳϣ㻹ݣ
ҩ΢΢һЦҲóһнڰУװģѪȷ磬쾳ʥ
ŷ糾ŤתǬ
ҩͶԶһżֵɹʥƵɫ΢΢һ䣬æ
ڣҶ绹δȶҵĻ棬һƲסͻᱬʱƽҩһʥ
ˣɣ
ݵ˵Ŀ͸赣ȫɫƽҲҶ硣
ֻܱ¶ʥˣ
ʩչȻ޷ȶҵĻ棬֮£Ҷ綯Լշĵڶֻ棬˷ʥע뵽ȸС
ʥĻȼԶԶ𣬷ʥȸʱȡҵ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҳȸָƽ
šʥȵƣ
ҶٻķʥҩͫײԾһ£û뵽ֻļս޻ʾҶ磬ȻշһֳʥӻɣҶйϵ
ոջʧأһЩҺҩ֪֮ɷȱʧҩ
оҩҩȱʧҶʩչµ֮ͷŵ֮ڽ˹ŵУڽҩڣ޸ҩҩ
أʱһ졣
֮鲻ʥȻ棡
һʱҶ緢֣ҩȱʧҩ֮޸ˣں˴֮ɹ¶˽ļҶİϲȫͶ뵽ɹ¶С
ʱΪ죬ʮֵûһ뿪ǶĵصȴȴĽ֡
©еĻɳʣ֮һʱһھʥʦɹ¶һ˱
ʮɹ¶İʥʦȻ̶ʱͽɹ¶ʮƣȷʵгǰϣ
ڰʥʦͷȱʮɹ¶Ҳ޲ڡ
̾İʥʦ֮󣬰ѪʥʦҷʥʦҲƳʮɹ¶ϥڶռеϢָȴյĽ
Ϊֻмʦѡ׼ʥƳʮɹ¶İʥʦˣĽ뵽յľС
أ
ʦһգʩչʱһ޴ıһռ
ħƹȵľƷǧʦʱ̣һϸСƫյ±һ
˸⵽ҩ¯ʧرըɣ⵽ش
ħʥף
ʱ;ƿݣصĻʥӶʥеĺħʥףɹ¶ٶȡ
ڣʱ仹ʣʱʥӽħʥ׿µĻ֮Ȼꪵˣĸ
Ϊʥ𶦺ͺħʥ׸Ƴɹ¶Ҳﵽʮƣȱ


1177 ϣ
ҩͣɵСˣ㲻ʥ𶦽˻СӣշĺħʥײʥУ㣬ף
͸赿ʥ𶦸ǿ˲䣬һƺɫð˳۹ͥϳʥðĺɫ棬ҩշʥħʥס
ףҩͷеĲ豭߳ŭͥˣɫȻ˵ҿѪˣʲô֤֤ҽħʥײʥУ䲻Ǿֱ˵ҪôζĽڡ
ȻĿʥð˺ħʥףȷʵûʥƿ֤ݣҲҩ޿ֵԭ
ȻǹĲ˳ʺǧȥˣ㻹СҲ͸һ˿ŭŭ˵
ʥӽʥ𶦣ħʥҶƳʮɹ¶ζҶʥ֮ıԡ
ҪǣҶһʼ˲Ӱ˵ҩƷʣƳʮɹ¶ʧȥϣ
ҩͽʥ𶦣ħʥ׽ʥӣҶδػ䣬˵ҩ͵ıֱӸı˳ɼпܸıҶˡ
û뵽Ҳ䲻ʧҩЦŻӦ·ǧıһȫͷ˳
ҩ֮ʱԽڵʥʥʦҲ
ʥʥʦƳɹ¶Ҳﵽʮƣ׼ʥļʦȫɹǽֻʣһ
ˣ
ڵĿռͻȻ󲨶޾Ļǰٻҩ¯ͷų
һ̣˫ֺݺݵĶҩ¯һŨŨҩ㣬ʮƵɹ¶ɳҩ¯ڰС
ʮɹ¶ŻƳȱɹ¶ҩϵЦݸŨˣƵؿɫ˵㻹ʲô˵ġ
ҩͣûнڸǲ̫ˣŭҩͣвŨŨɱ⡣
ҿǲײĲᣡֻʣĸСӻл𣿡ҩͱһЦңСܽɹ¶Ƶ׼ʥȼ
㡭
ҩһƣͥҲѹƲסеɱ⡣
ô䲻Ҫ֣֪һȺαӡҩЦһ޿ֵ˵ͥҾҪ־;ʮвܽУ䡣
ϣҪ嶯ļƣ
⽫ִҩͣɫ
ȻҶѾ䶨ˣĿ¶֣ԼĲһʥԼ˵ˣƱػΪɨء
ŭ֮࣬ЩڣԼĳ嶯ҶݺݵҩͣҲ䵽ز
ͥ㲻Ҫ㣡
Űŭͥҩ΢΢̣һ˿Цݣ
ϲҪѵһ仰ҧˣҧǾУܽеʲôʱ򡣡
ȴ侲Ŀɨҩͣط
ãϷһᣬϣǻҩͫ΢ɨһۣ˵
ԺУϵظֱˣνⷢɨأô˴Ц
ѹֵʱųƵʥֵļʦȻûоȫȻƳһö׼ʥĽ˾
ʦûãĴʦʦˮ´ʦҲƳ׼ʥΪʵƵ׼ʥҲֻƵơ
ڲʱ䣬ƳһƷϳ˵׼ʥ˴ߵȼˮƽ
ĿüʦҩϵЦݸŨˣȴȫˡ
ǿҶѾ죬ʧȥ˽ŤתǬĻᡣ
ʱٽβʱ̵ڶƳһžƹŵ
ȻƵĹŵƷ޷ɹ¶ȣȴƷʦټʧܵǧʦٻõʮ
ȻζŽʧȥ˽ʸ񣬵ɼȻýһεĸоѡ
ƹŵ뵽У͸Ŀռ䣬ȫעҶ硣
ʱҶ磬ʦȫ˱ʱҲʣ޼ˡ
ʱҶҩͿǴ׵ذˣܵĳףܵû
ڣ©еĻɳʱչ߷ɵȸӰɹ¶ɵ˰С
ҩͨ赣ҶƵɹ¶ֻʱĴЦЦг˼
ˣȴ¶˿ɬЦݣһ˿ϣҲ֮ˡ


1178 ܣ
ǻʲô˵ģɹ¶ѡ˵۹̫ˣǿʥǲǿԹˣ
ҩͿɫˮˣļ
ôƲƵɹ¶ҿ˵Ƶɹ¶ͽͽǿ˲֪ٱ
Ӷռ߳Ҷ磬ҩͼĻķ
糾ǲǵʧķˣɹ¶ʮɹ¶ǿ֪ĿԣҩͿɫƽû¶һ˿ɥ֮ɫҶ磬˵
糾ʱ㻹׼Ѿʧȥ˾ʸ񣬶ҽ˾֮ıԣѾֳʤǲӦøҿͷߵǿʥóʥϷʵؿҶ磬Ҫݺݵ
治֪Ҷ̾ϢһԼƵɹ¶߸ߵľɴǵ۾Ƶɹ¶ѾԽ˹ŵķ룬ﵽ׼ʥˮ׼
Ҷ绰䣬ڳ˵ĿˢˢҶָǿɹ¶
ţѾ¶˲˼֮ɫʦˣ޹۾Ҳ¶ɫ
ܣɹ¶ֻǹŵܴﵽ׼ʥȼʥӸҶĻ
Ƶɹ¶ǲǴﵽ׼ʥȼˣҶ翴ܻĻʥӣ¶һ˿֮ɫҩǰ֪ɷԸһɹ¶ĵȼ
ãϷԼ£Ƶɹŵǲ˵ǰ
ҩҶеɹŵʱŹŵȷʵЩͬѰϵЦݽɢȥߵҶߡ
糾ϼһＫҪǧҪƵɹ¶ⱻòֶΣƻŵҩƷʡһǰҶѵ

ʱб䣬ҩ޸ոյźͿɫҲת䡣
ôѵ˵д¶ѵõЦݵףʥԼħʥ׽ͽƾǵ㱾£ҲƳʮɹ¶
䣬ʧȥʸľƷʦ׷¶˷ŭ֮ɫЩƷʦݵλ򵥣ǵӣʥȽӿ²ù
֮˼ǻȼڲͬĵҩȼɣ
ҩûۣ۽ǣȴ֤ʮֵķŭû뵽ʡ
糾Ƶɹ¶ϣóһӲӣƷʲ
Ҷ罫Ƶɹ¶ʱҩ͵ͷǿĻ͸͸ɹ¶УŵҩƷʡ
ʦĴʦˣҲڵһʱ䣬͸Уŵҩĵȼ
ļλʦʱʥӵļƽҶƳ׼ʥȼɹ¶ҶϣҲ
һʧܣɨأὫʥߴͨˣʥȸ⵽ڵĺܶжԣʧܵĺе
糾ʵңǲˣʵܽɹ¶Ƶ׼ʥȼ
ΣҩͲòϣҶƵɹ¶ȷʵﵽ׼ʥȼ޷ܣŭĿضҶ
ҩǰ㲻ҪãԼɣ˶ɣ£ҲֻƷ񲻶˵˲Żɣ
Ȼҩͺܿ£Ҷ粢ûи棬Ϊһٵãֻõ˸ӵš
糾ҪΪͿֿϷ˵ŭңûܱ㡣ҩյĴݣɭȻľ
ҩͣѵ䲻䲻ֱ˵ûҪвһСվҶߣ˵
䲻𣬶Ƶɹ¶⣬ĳɼҸţҩ΢΢̧ƤĿ⽻һ𣬼⣬˵
ҪأҶЦһ
ϷṩһĿϷṩĵҩĵȼϷɼףɼϡҩҶ硣
û⣬ɣֻҪṩĵû⣬Ҿǵҩĵȼ
˵ϣҶʮʹشӦҩüͷԾһ¡
ҩֻͣһ֤ṩĵøƷȻ飬ѣͥѵ
ߣҩһڼʦĴʦǰΪҶ磬ǬָóһŷƵƤֽƷûɡ
ֻͨƷºʱ佫ӵ֮
ãǾɣҶʮʹشӦΪ˱˵ףҩݻṩ

ҩʹһţʮҩݸҶǰ
ץʮҩݣҶ練飬ȷû󣬽ȫͶ뵽ȸС
ƷҶ˵ûһսҶֻһʱ䣬ͽʮҩȫᴿ֮ʼƣƷʡ
ʱҶ͵һȵȸһīɫ
Ʒ
ʥӣꪵ˸оҶƵȼʱ类УһƬհףȫɵۡ


1179 ջ
ҩǰ֪㻹ʲô˵ģ
ҶЩҫľеɫļγˮҩͣЦʵ
ȻӢ۳꣡
ҩ絶ӰĿؿҶ磬Ϣ֮ͳ³˼֡
糾Ǽϼһ￪۽磬㲻֪⼸죬ҩŵĲ֪ʲôˣʥģ̫ЦˣͥŹȻᣬϵؽҿҩ͵˰̡
ʥôֱʰҶЦ˵ͽͽ̫ˡ
ʵһʼҪʥͼıĹʥڿúˣ
ѽǿϧˡҶȵ˵Ҳ٣֪ǰ룬ԸģҺͽĳɼ
糾ȰòҪ˱ԡҩ۽Ǽһ£ؾ
ѽ̫ˣϲ˱ԣҶŵ˵ǰиҪ㣬ˣô᲻Ҳ˱أ
Сӣ½ɲ̫ƽԺСĵ㣡
ҩʹδ˵ıû裬ͱˣޱȵҶ磬ķζ챻ըˡ
Ŀ£޷ֽѵҶ磬һ֣ͱһŭˣԻ֮ƽз
лǰѣСĵأҶ΢΢һЦη˵Ҳǰһ仰ҪҪƤûûƤ޵С
˼СӣҼסĻˣ
ҩһ仰˽ʥӵʥ𶦣ʥתȥԼٲߣᱻҶ
ꪣ飬ɼδͳɣǲ뿪ȥȨǱɼ
ŻꪣʥӶҪҩ뿪ؾһ
ľ棬ꪶֻܹԹ£Ͼִȥ͵ѣʥȵĽڡ
飬һ˵ı飬ⲻǻû𣿶ҲûңǻһֱԣҶ翴ɫĻʥӣ¶ŵЦݣ٩
Ҷĵ٩û˿ɽĻꪶ˸ŭԣֻҶ硣
ˣƵĵҩϣһ˵
ϸˡ
Ƴ׼ʥļʦĴʦʦˮ´ʦǰҶΪɹ¶Ƶ׼ʥȼ壬˻˳֮
ʥȻƾٶȣҲ뵽ľʧȥʥ𶦺ͺħʥףƳʮƹŵ⣬Ҷ֮ıԣܸա
ʥӣǵıԻûɲҪ͵͵߰Ҷ翴ɫļƽĻʥӣ˵
ǿɷ뿪ˣ
ŭһ۲ԼߵҶ磬Ŀˣʵ
ǿˣǵãδǰκ˲뿪ǡ˵ͷض
ߣ
ꪸӶûٴȥǱ뿪ˡ
Ҳˣ
ʦҲ׷ȥ뿪ʱ̺ؿһҶ硣
ȻҶҩȼǼȤҶʵǳԾ
糾ˣˣҲһͿأǼϼһƱ⵽ҩ͵裬Ϊ˸л㣬ӮʥԼʥ͸ɣһţڰеյУʮִ󷽵͸Ҷ硣
ǰ̫ˣ
Ҷ֪ʥļֵûȥӡ
糾Ӯҩ͵ģҲӮҩ͵ģͲҪˣۿҩͳԱķȥٴĴ۶ֵЦ˵
ոת̫ˣⱲӣҩͶûһˣ۵㣬һӶϴˢͥ
ðɣͲˣ
ִ⽫żֵ޷ʥ͸ԼҶûƴǣʥ
糾֪ɷʦǣĺ֪Ǻηܣ㾪֮šʵ
˼ʦ˼ҰףѲ֮£ܽʦ˵Ҷſ
ͻˣ
ȻҶû˵͸¶ϢĴ𣬲²Ҷʦʵǿ޷ĳ̶ȡ
ҲֻЩĴܣпҶ
˷糾½һҪСģҩϼһһر֮ˣмСıѵ
İǰȻĶ֣ҪɱңҲûôףҶ΢΢һЦ¶һ˿ŵЦݡ
Ҷڻ˺һᣬ뽿뿪ˡ
ĿҶȥıӰ˶Ŵ漣ҶŨȤ֪Ƿٴ漣ľУǰ


1180 ˷
糾ָһϲ˵ʵʱǶΪ䶨ˣû뵽㻹еƣŤתǬ
һֱڻȴˣҶ߳˻ӭȥ˵
Ҷ绹ǽ̣ǽĳɼԶԶԤϣҶŤתǬֶΣδţ𾪲ѡ
ǿҶͽ򣬽εȵķ٣춼Ҳմ⣬ٵķչ
߰ɺүǻȥ˵
Ҷ翴鼤ˣ΢΢һЦûڻôһ˫˫̾Ŀע£ֹĹԺȥ
쿴Ƿ糾˧
ǰ۾ĺˣ
Ҷ⼸ı̫ޣøʶŤתǬֶΣúܶ˱۷
ǰԺ;УҶһ˼һЩŮӣҶмӣһָָ㣬˽
ţһɫ޳ȹԲԲ͸˵ĺΣ۾͸һ˿֮ɫĽСŮͻȻȺ˳Ҷߵ磬糾㽻ѣ֪𣿡
ȹŮӽߵֵϲͶ̺Ц񣬾¶Цݡ
ѣ
ǰòɰο˵ŮӣҶ練¶һ˿֮ɫΪǵãӰɱֶŮӣòСġ
ͻȻһĽâڹȺзӶԳԽٹٵٶȣҶ硣
ȻͻĽâˣҶ練Ӧ죬һģٵۣ㼯һǰȭâҷŴĿĵӰһȭϮĽâ顣
Ҷ齣â˲䣬ɫȹοɰŮ۾бɱųŻĺУԼٶҶ磬ԼߵĽ̡

Ҷб춯֮羪κһ㽫ߵĽ˳ȥԼֵסŻ顣
䣡
޴ıĻ˲佫Ҷûˣƻ塣
ֵɿµıըٻڽеĽܵ˲֩Ѻۡ
糾
λḶ̌Ҷ类ûĶˣʹĴ¡
ҿ
ĵձһͷų⣬ֱӽҵĻ˺ˣصҶӻо˳
ڵץģŭĵմ
ˣ
ڵһʧԭأڼٷУģػѳӰץ͵ϮɹҪߵӰɱ֡
գ֮䣬ӳ׵ӰɱֱڵԼѵĲӰץסˡ
һ̣ӰɱͻȻԱ壬ûиڵܵĻᡣ
糾ô
ŻѪصҶ磬ۿʱˣϧʵ
ģû£
ѪҶѸٷһŵҡҡͷ˵
ȻҶƷֵסŻɱովһĻ£ŻǿһЩ¶ֵס̼ͻᱻը顣
ǻȥȥҩˡ
Լ£ҶȻӰɱˣõոе޹⣬ŭ˵
ˣҸɵģ
һͻȻɫɫҩͻȻˣŵգ˵
ҩͣ㲻ҪˣҸоɱ糾Ļ֮˾㡣ŭҩͣеɱԽԽŨ̲סҪ֡
оЦһգ㲻ԼĻɣ
ҳϣҺɱڻǣһð𣿶ҪɱҪһɱ֣֯磬ԸΪģԱĸࡣ
ҩͣ˾ھ㲻ǺöҪѵѵ㣡հԵƥ˵
գΪ㣡ҩ˸ȼյС磬ʾ˵
վ֮۵ˣҪڻҵĽֵϴ֡
գҲĲףǲҪˣ
ڶ˽֮ʣͻȻ˵ǰ˵
գѧѧɣеʱӱȸоãҩһ۷ŭҩͣɨһƼأϥ˵Ҷ磬ת뿪ˡ
ոϰң˵ʵȫʵǸƥɱտŵǰľ޷޲ƽ˵
գ㻹侲ɣ糾ͻɱɵ֣ܶ࣬ҲһɱҪһ㣬ҩ͵ĺȷʵʤǣûʮ֤ݵֵݣǣ
ȻʵʤҩͣȴûаջɱҪǣҲЩ˼ҩ͵ĺ뱻ãϵȰ˵ա
ǰǰ˵ûڲǱʱ򣬲˭һĻ󾾳ɱ
֮飬Ҷȶƣվ˵͸ޱǿ
ðɣǻȥ˵
Ҷ;Ȱ˵£Ҳ侲Ҷ˻ص˹ԺС


1181 ̫׼ʥ
ʲôոշ糾ȥʱ⵽ӰɱֵĴɱأ
ڵһʱ֪ϢȻŭ
û뵽Ӱɱ˵ţȻȨִɱжҶ硣
Ǽǿ䱸Ȼ󿪳ͣӰλãӰսչֳһ۵ıɫ´Ҫ
ǵ
󻤷Ŵȥˡ
µĺ£һӰıʽչ
صԺصҶصչأָ֮ơ
µʱȫָƱػӰ쵽ĳɼ
֮ʮ죬ʥһʱ䣬ҶˣʼڷеϢ״̬
ܿ죬ʱȥˣ˴ͷϷݣ঵Ļֱ
糾ôˣ
ĵȴʱĽ̵ˣ񲻴Ҷӷ˳æǰĵʵ
õģѾȬˣ߰ɣȥҶ΢΢һЦ˵
֪ҶѾȬŵˣ¶˵ЦݣҶǰ˻
Ϊɱգͬٳ⡣
ʱĻǣ뵽߽䱸˴ĸ֣ػ
Ҷص㱣һ·ǰĸڰи棬ʹҶʮ㣬Ĺע
СӣúñԣȡǰҶļЦ˵
İǰؽǰ
Ҷ΢΢̣ŵЦݣڽ̼Уݲȵ߽˻С
ǰ
Ҷŵյ˵۾ʱҶʵǰǼذ
Ҫǣǰĺ£ҶܴǰԲηĺкܶǿͶ绽ꡣ
糾û°ɣ
Ҷ紩Žƣ߽ʱڻеȴ̫ʦվĵʵ
ʱгͷ⣬ʮˣȻʮУҶֻʶͼ¶ˣ˴ϢǵݾԲͼĴ
лģѾȬˣӰ쵽յıҶ΢΢һЦ˵
Ǿͺã˵ɱӰɼǼϼһİ
ӰˣҹȻڻǴɱ㣬ʵ̫ɺˣѾʽӰսǽд
лл
Ҷһůм˵
糾ǰħпҰ᪻ʳͣʱú̹úù䣡
ʶҶ羪˵츳ֶΣүħΣ˹ˮΪն£˼
ʱ䣬һȥ᪻ʳǣҶ΢΢һЦ˵
糾ǰʱ䣬㷢һ㲻죬ģ²ٷ
ʱɫƳۣȲүǬɭ˹ͬҶ纮ѡ
ħǬɭҶмӣ£ѹҶͼɫ쳣ѿиջѣʵǰֻѡĿš
ҶŨȤԹڳͬҶȤǰ̸
һʱ䣬Ҷ˻ֿȵˣΨһĽ㡣
絽վƫԶ䣬˴ĻʥӣıץҲû뵽Լ䵽ء
뵽ҶĺѪĳ嶯ڸҶ¹ɱܡ
ˣ˵ˣλعϯʮʦȫΧҶߺѵ˻ص˹ϯ˵յľһ˭ƵĵҩȼߣƷѣ˭ʤߣƽڼ䣬ҩȻṩ
˵꣬óʮö򣬶ʮöУֻʮöŵʣʮö򣬶׼ʥ
һóʮ׼ʥǺεȵĿ£ûʮϰ괫Уòô׼ʥ
̫׼ʥ׼ʥ֮һ쾳ܵʵϴӴ⾳ûκεĸãҪʮݡ
Ҷͷһʮö򣬳˼һ£ûѡߵȼ׼ʥѡ˵ڶȼ̫׼ʥ
̫׼ʥƷȻʼ׼ʥȴ׼ʥ֮ϣѶȼ󣬿ѡ񣬲¶˳Ծ֮ɫսͼˣҲ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ҶƳ̫׼ʥͣǱ㹻¼ȥ£
糾ôߣﵽˮ׼һ˼ͷԺв
۾Ļʥӣȴ¶֮ϲҶѡֻҪҶʧܣɹʤߣѡѡѶ͵һֹŵ
Ҷѡ̫׼ʥĴʦʦҲѡ̫׼ʥ
ںߵļʦѡ˵ȼߣѶĻʼ׼ʥʼ׼ʥǿĴ嵤ҩ֮һҲ׼ʥΨһٵ׼ʥ
ˣȻѾѡõλӿռ׼ɣʱΪʮգϣλܳˮƽӣƳƷʵҩ
˵꣬Ҷ˷׷׷뵽һĿռѺС
ľˡ


1182 ٴ漣
Ҷֵõ˼ݸӵϤ
ʱͲ͸˶ʮݵҩԣȸٻ˳ʥȼȸմ򣬽һֵߵͶ뵽ȸнᴿ
˵糾ܲƳ̫׼ʥ
ɫۣ߳ͦΣǳ˫˸ŵâħ͸赿ַ۾Ҷ磬ʵ
ôħүҪ£糾
һڱɫ裬˲豭ʵ
ȷʵ£Ĵ㣬֪ԸԸǣߣ³֮ҰһϺ񡣡ħûԼĿģ
ħүҿ°ﲻˣϾȤ٣Сһﱳܲ򵥣ܲܽ£ͿǵıˣӦ
򵥣ħüͷ΢΢һ壬֪ɷ͸¶Ƿ糾ı
ðɣҹϵϣҾ͸͸¶£糾һܾõʦʦܿһʱˣ֪
һʱˣħһԾĴʦѵ˳ʮ֮á
ⶼҵĲ²⣬Ⱦʦı¿³󡣡
ã糾ܻõڼħ˼һ£ʵ
ԤδԼʮңڿԶгɫҹлᴳǰ
뵽ҶҩȼֶΣյĳɼһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ǰħһ뵽˼У˼£Ҷ硣
Ҷ²ɫǱȥ֦ϾͣкܴǱڣպչӲ˵пܳΪϯʥʦ
Ҳ˼ƿУ
뵽ˮҶϵЩħ΢̣ƴ
ڼ䣬ħҶϢҲϴҪǰ֪ҶϢ
֪Ҷӵһʵ޷ʦԼܻõΣҲڽʾ֭£ļƻ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ڷʥȸ£ʮݱҶһᴿ˴覴õҺȸС
ǵһᴿͻʱ䣬̫׼ʥѶȹȻף
ᴿȫݣҶλػҺָĵȸ˴ķʥ𣬼Ӵ˻ʼںҺ
ʥѶȣԶԶŵ׼ʥƸӵķӣҶ߳Լǵʥ꾳磬ÿһ׼ʥƣҪʱҲΪʲôʮ֮á
б仯֮ɱ׼ʥƷʣ
Ҷ֮飬һ׼ʥڽҩʱںһ׼ʥƣҩοʼ΢ı仯̺ҩϵ
һ֣ŵ˵ء
֮鲻ʥпܽ׼ʥɱ䵽ʥĿܣֻҪƳʥмĻܼʦʶĹھ
ˡ
ȥʱʱڻʥǰ¯ͻȻŨŨҩ¯һɫžŵƵĹŵȼյĻоҵط
أ
ʥ͵һĹ̵¯һžƹŵ¯з˳
ȻʥӵһɱֳˮƽƳƹŵΪʮΨһѡŵˣټϺܶ˶Ҷ֮ĵжԹϵ˹ע
糾ҾͲǰ죬Ƴ̫׼ʥʧܵһ̣һὫҵĳ裬ʮ㣡
Ź̵ľƹŵʥӲҶ磬ʧܡ
ûҶ磬ԼһǴ˴һƥ׷Ķ󣬿һУȫҶˣҶ磬ᣬһὫҶһ
ֹ˴Լʱ䣬ɫۣ΢΢ЩݵıʦڶɵƳ̫׼ʥ
Ȼûн̫׼ʥƳʮƵɼ㹻ޣ˼ѣµĹи˼ź
ʦɵûãµĵĴʦҲ
̫׼ʥѶȼԵĴʦҲδƳʮƵգʦһƳ˾̫׼ʥԼȫ
ɼĴʦ⣬ΪɼȽǰһҶٴ漣ˮƽӣᱻҶ缷ǰס
Ҷ绹ٴ漣ֻ֪


1183 
ʱţʥʦΪѡ׼ʥƷԶԶ̫׼ʥԻδ˺ʦĴʦΡ
ܽε˻δԴ˴ǰδ
¡¡
ʱھʱžͻȻһ
ոĵͻȻ׵ĳһƬڵƣգʹǴӰʱ˺ҹ
֮У߿裬µƼ产ˡ
٣ʦƵĻʼ׼ʥȻ˵٣ѵ˵ʦʼ׼ʥƵԽ׼ʥˮ׼
ͻȻֵƣԼвէֵĵߣΣ¶˲˼֮ɫеĵٲвĤݵͷ
ƣ
ʼ׼ʥĵٳ֣ԥ˶ռƣüʦƵĻʼ׼ʥܸõĽܵϴ
һʼ׼ʥܶɹףƷʼпܳԽ׼ʥﵽʥĵȼ
ʥ֣Ȼ鴫˼أϹһϻܼ𣡡
гֵĵ٣ʦĴʦ̾Ϣһױʦĵ۷
ȫҶһڵĽƣͶ뵽С
ռƴ򿪣һŨŨҩ֮Уŵʼ׼ʥɢĵ㣬˾һʦƵĻʼ׼ʥǺεȵľˡ
оٵĳ֣ˮɫоҷĻʼ׼ʥ·ӵһ㣬ԤеΣ뵽궯Уϵسҩ˽û
ʼ׼ʥʧأ鼫ḻļʦңϵ˫ˮһ㣬֯ĵƣϵڽҩУһ߼Ӵҩлһ߰ס궯Ļʼ׼ʥ
¡¡
һںĽէ֣һˮͰֵɫһ˺ѿƣһеڼʦǰҩУҪƿҩ½޵Ļʼ׼ʥ
ʼ׼ʥĵ󣬲ʦΪؾ֣ʵҲ£һĶã֮ͼͼֳ壬صҩ֮ϣǿŵٵ
ĵ״͸ͼҩ֮ʱʦֽ֣ٻףĵ߲ҩӣ͸Ƿ϶żɵĻʼ׼ʥ
׵ʦǿѾƻʼ׼ʥ赤ײʼ׼ʥʼɱ䣬еҩԺ͵ⱻ޼
ʦʦ׼ʥܷ֮࣬ĵֿףֶǾˡ
ĿǰһĻڳ˶¶˾֮ɫڻбص̫ϳϣһ۾͸ļʦ
⵽ʦĵֿ׷·𱻼ŭһ㣬ڽзŭĳХһƥϵ֣ƿҷĽƣ˼ʦҪǿŻʼ׼ʥ顣
Σգʦûһ˿֮ɫͼݵ£໥ڣһ޴ĵḥ̂ϵĥŵף赤ϴӣɱʼ׼ʥ
üʦܵסףʼ׼ʥʥȼ𣿡
ͥŲϽܵ׹ļʦѯĿ䣬·̺µѯʵ
Ҳֲ٣⵽׹ŲңȻвοܶ챦⣬Ӧܵסףɻʼ׼ʥһ
ۿʦʱ⻹ڹעҶ磬Ҷģʧܡ
Ҷһĳţ·رҲӰ첻һ
ʱһһʦǿʵ͵̣һʱϴʱµĵҲβ
ʱĽƻڽƵģһһɫû˽ģŤգֱӽʦȼܻҩûˡ
ͼµҲһ̾
ɰڴһ٣ʦܷĹܷɵն
˵Ŀⶼɫʱޱ󣬽Ż֮ĥ̳˵УϵУƻ
ҩеĻʼ׼ʥҲĵ£ʵı仯
ɵ
оʼ׼ʥʮ׼ʥƻһʥƣͼ֮ӵ£ž޴ѹļʦӵӡһٳɵƳһʥȼһƻʼʥ
ɵ˲䣬յĽƣԼµĵʧҵָֻƽ


1184 
ɹˣʦɹ˵٣Ƴ˻ʼ׼ʥ˴һûˣ
żʦ˻ʼ׼ʥͼ¶¶ЦݣȻҶ绹δǿҶ죬ҲƳʥܼʦ˴һ֮ˡ
аʱ䣬糾Ƴ̫׼ʥأ
ҲûȥҶٴ漣ܼʦĿܣҶͣƳ̫׼ʥԴʷ
ʧܣһҪʧܣ
ʥӲҶŵģˮԽԽʮֺҶ磬ҶģǸԼҲᱻƵ˼ϡ
ʱ䲻ˣСһӿٶˣȻʱ䵽ˣȻʧܣ
©еĻɳʣ޼ȻЩģ޷޵ʱ䣬̫׼ʥ
˵Ŀ⼯Ҷʱոշֱһ޴Ӱ֣ǧӿڻϿջ㼯˺ƣһɼѹֵ͸ûǵľһִĸо
ôֳ˽ƣѵǷ糾Ƶ̫׼ʥҲļޣ˵٣
ͻȻֵĽƣŽ͸ĵͳڳȫˣһ𾪣У
찡Ƿ糾ôһô̫ܽ׼ʥƵʥˮ׼ôģ
ħͼȫǰһĻˣǰһС
ҲʦˣҲͻȻֵĵŽƵͫײϵطŴ
оԼѾܸ߹ҶˣҶÿһεı֣ԶԶҶ츳۷
һ̣ɫ˱仯Ϊ뵽ٵĿ£Ҷļս޻ʾʵֵס
һ̫׼ʥĵˣܻܿһʧܡ
뵽һ㣬ܶҲ뵽һ㣬ͼ¶˸¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫҶ罻ʵڲԸҶͷ
ҲҲʥӿͻȻֵĵ٣뵽ϲ֮У糾̫֪ߵغˣʦֵٶѣƾҲ٣治֪ôдģϣⵤٲҪ㣬Ҳлݺݵ㡣
ڳң䣬ڴֻҶȴ侲°ûһ˿仯
ոռʦٵḶ́ҶĿȻ󣬵Ҷţǿ廹лסģοҶ绹ɱĻľٶûв
糾ĵپҪ£ҪҪӴƣ٣ͥһĵʵ
⡭
ԥһ£ȻҲҶ٣͵ƻأƱߣɨء
ò˽װɣ
ͼԥ΢̣˵
ƣ
һҶ磬ϲûо֮ɫ¶һ˿ڴһҧ˻Լռơ
¡¡
˫ؽʧĽܼһˮͰֵɫںĽէ֡ߣйƻ
ڣԽԽյĽ˾޴ĺһĵ״Ҷ磬Լȸе̫׼ʥ
Ƭضһ̣΢΢·ռ䶼˺ѡ
ħѪȼգ
ԿµĵףҶ粻Ҵ⣬ԥȼѪ仯˸ħ֮Ӳ˼Ʒˮ׼
һ̣֮ͼеͼͼֳ壬ͷĵ׹
ʲôͼͺʵˮ׼ͼ
СӵôģѵǴתɣô˵
ĿҶ۳ͼ׵һĻ˵ٴβԽԽ۾͸˻
䣡
ĵ׺ͼʱƻͼµƻӲͼҶȸе̫׼ʥ
⵽ֱӹԼƵ׵ҶȼƷ壬ŵֵȸУ̫׼ʥ
ڵ״£ں˴̫֮׼ʥٵطɱ䣬нΪʥļ
Ӳף
ҶӲ𣬹ѾҲʲôԼʱ˿̵ˡ
˵Ҷչ¶ʵֶΣȫһξУʵĸо


1185 ʷ
ⵤ׵ô󣡡
ҶͼӲװʱ䣬ƿʼأϱˣѪƤʳȾѪˡ
лľ壬ֻıƤ޷˺
ƤѺԽԽ࣬ûжҶ繹Ӱ죬·оʹϵʩչ赤̫׼ʥ̫׼ʥҩԣεĽɱ䡣
ʱʱԽԽ٣ҲԽԽš
ʱҶ磬δһ˿ңԾ£ֻҪ⣬赤ϴȫлὫ̫׼ʥƵʥˮ׼
䣡
ĵԽԽ࣬ƻҶ壬ȸУŲϷɱ̫׼ʥ
ĿҶ⵽׿ը岻һĻȫľˡ
ǸоҶһһĹ
ڻɳʱɫϯУŤգֱûҶ硣
ͼзĽʶ£֧飬ֿ½
ؼʱ򣬻ľƳҶ壬ͷҡҷïʢڣ޾Ļ֮е
ѪҶ磬ҲʱľĵףڽȸУӿ̫׼ʥɱٶȡ
ɫӰǷ糾дܣ
ȻУ޷ľȫòо׵ֱ½˲²ľͬСɣܿһʥ
Ҳ˼ţҶӵһʵǿ޷ʦȻϲôܡ
ڣں˴֮ϴ̫׼ʥɱʥʥ棬һѵʥơ
ʱҶȫлὫ̫׼ʥƵʥʣʥƣҪʱ䣬Ҷ粻ò
ɵ
ҶһڲžѪķʥڽȸУһ˳Խ½ޣﵽʥȼ̫׼ʥ
ʧˣĳɹˣ
ͻȻɢȥĵ׺ƣŷȸͷų޾â̫׼ʥʥĽˣйƤһƨ˵ϣ˫ȫɵˡ
漣糾ִһ漣յıעʷᣡ
Ҷͷһ뵤Ƶ̫׼ʥҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʱûٻҶþηȡ
˽һϢͨѶһʱ䴫˳ȥȻ󲨡
ҶƳ̫׼ʥûã©еĻɳˣʮյľڽˡ
γֵ٣ʮʷУʮֵĺ³УٵʦУҶ;СģıҲ޵ġ
˳˵Ҷ绹ڸոչ¶˿µ壬ԼԵ޷ô漣һϡ
ˣȻһС磡
ҶУɢŨŨҩ㣬һ뵤Ƶ̫׼ʥĴʦʦ໥һۣ˴۾еĿɬҶµĵ۷ķڷ
ĸΪھ֮ļʦҲʱĬˡ
Ȼ̫׼ʥƷʲƵĻʼ׼ʥҶƵ̫׼ʥƱȻʼ׼ʥ˰ƷҪʤʼ׼ʥ
糾źεȵΪ̫ܽ׼ʥƵƷʣ
ȻٿҩƷʣֻһƷ̫׼ʥߵȼ׼ʥԾɹ٣ƷҲܳʼ׼ʥ
Ҷ粻̫׼ʥƵʥȼƷʻ˻ʼ׼ʥټҶҩȼֶΣҶյвŨȤҪŪ֡
գܳΪϯʦ˾
Ƶĵҩŵ̨ϣǺλүһĽ
ƳŸϲҶ˵ͷóʮڰе
Ҷƣﵽʥȼ̫׼ʥʥȻһβʵĸоиǳ˿ֻţȥҶ硣
˵ҶѾΪجΣ֮ɢ
糾лǽµɷ񣿡
ʦǵӱâŴݵҶ磬λߵ˵
˼ʦδʦ޷㽻Ҷҡҡͷίľܾ
糾֪ʦ˭ʦüͷ΢΢һ壬Щʵ
ʦἰ˼ҵ䣡Ҷ粻˵
糾ϷҩƷʵĵܸȤҪ㽻Ը⣬ᣡ
ŹأƴǵҶ磬ʦ΢΢Щջ𣬲ԼʵĿģżɽ
˼غʦŴУܸ㣡Ҷܾ
˵꣬Ҷ粻ɫתĻļʦ۾ȴĽ
ߣϷϵĶûеòģ
ʦ۾˸ŵ⣬űĿҶ磬Ժ˼ȡҶеļƻ
ܿ죬ĵؼյĽˡ
ҶʦͬƳʥеһʦĴʦģˮ´ʦ壬ɫɷףʼ޷ʵĻʥʮھеס


1186 һ
еһǲе⣿ϷƵĻʼ׼ʥԱƵ̫׼ʥߣеһǲ̫ǣǿˣ
ʦ¶һ˿֮ɫ顣
ʼ׼ʥƷȷʵ̫׼ʥƵĻʼ׼ʥֻһƣ糾Ƶ̫׼ʥһ뵤ƣʥУƵƷʾͲܴλƵʥֲ٣еһõĽ
ʦģٵģͷ糾СѶȥѡڽ͵
ߣϷһ£ϣʵش糾޹ϵǲƫ̻ʦĽͲ⣬һʵ
ҵ糾СйϵܿϧҺҲǸոʶûƫ̻κһˣɫƽؽ͵
ʦΪһҾõҪһЩҲںͷ糾СѲеһݣҲõĽĪ
ΪҶ֮Ĺϵħ¶һ˿ĪЦݣ˵
㡭
ʦû뵽ħվͦҶ磬ɫޱȡ
죬ûĵһǶˣ˵ģͲҪ̫ƽˡĵĴʦһɫˮļʦ˵
ȻҶ缷ǰȴûмǺҶ磬뽫Ҷ£Ҷţ磬ܽѹ
ǰ糾Сͣٵʥһ漣һʵ飡ǬɭҲʱͦҶ磬ļʦɫ࣬ջѡ
лλĿ϶ǳȷʵкܶ಻ĵطʦúҲеһҲпԭ
ҶµʦԼոԼŴľܾйأ΢΢һЦǫ˵
ߣ֪ͺã
Ҷз˼ʦеŭ˲٣һ
ʦĲҲеһҲԣǾͼһƻʼ׼ʥǰ̫׼ʥֻҪǰƵ̫׼ʥܴﵽƵƷʣԶһɺãҶ翴һļʦ΢΢һЦ˵
㡭
ʦû뵽ҶոյĻһףԼˣٸԼһˡ
ҲԣʦǾͼһλӦûɣһҶ磬Ц˵
ߣȣϷԺȱ
ʦܹ裬һСڴû̫׼ʥƵʥȼӦսҧŭҶ
ðҲ׼μӽǰģǣĶԶǲ̫ȤˣӵͷɺãҶʮʹشӦ
ʲô
ŴݵҶ磬ʦüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ͶĽɺãһʤǰĽ͹УˣĽǰˣҶ
Ҷ羹ȻеԶһĽڳ˵һ¶˾֮ɫ
Ҷ˵ĺģ֤ģ˼ʶĿ¡
˫£ſµȫܵҶ磬ֵʳ£պĳɾͣ޷
ôǰ¸أ˫ɣҶ翴ɫˮŬѹŭļʦЦЦ˵ˣҲһ˵ˣǰˣǾͲˡ
㡭
һɴδͷŭڼʦһҶĳ嶯
˷ŭʦлһ˿ڣڲǻǴ̵Ҷ磬ڽԼƵ˵˼ϡ
ãϷӦ㣬ͶһĽ
ô϶ǰʦ֪ԼԼˣһϴ£ʱԼƱ޴ΪЦ
λǰǸҺͼʦ֤
ʦӦˣҶϵЦݸӵĲã˵
İɣʦ¸أǲм˵ģҶмӵĴͥЦ˵
ߣ
ʦû뵽ᷢչزŭһȫҶˣŭ뿪ˡ
飬ҪȥİڻʥҪž뿪ʱҶͻȻס˵֮ĶԼǲǸһˡ
رھϣʥӲͷƤ˵
ǸҶЦ˵Ҫ£ҿͷ
糾ҪʥȲݣʥǺȭͷŭҶ
ˣ˵ϻˣò˰ɡҶӻʥӵв˵
Ըķ䣬쾭壬ͱˣϿ¿ͷħ۾͸һĨɭȻݿܵ
˵Ŀ⣬ʥ֪ԼûѡҧŹǣĹ˵ϣҶͷ
Źߣȥ㸸ףõر䣬֮ĶԹΪֹǲҪʱӭҶ翴һڵϵĻʥӣЦ˵
ʥӵĶԼҶȡʤһĿ꣬ҶĸĻļʦ


1187 
رھ
ͨ赣ĿҶһһĻľþòƽû뵽ʥӾȻһһʥǲĹҶҵʱֻܹԹԵؽʥȵһͨرھҶ硣
ϣǳԣҪңȻһǵĴС
ĿǱ뿪ĻꪸӶˣҶ۾΢УĬ
糾Сӵ״ıĳģôôʥƳյΧ˹񿴹һ㿴·Ҫ
ҲǳӣһƳʥҶ翴һųԾףЦЦǫ˵
СӱǫˣߵȼжĿɲЦ˵ԺĸɲƴǣܶթǣȻͽˡ
İǰλǰҪλǰҶ翴һ΢죬˵Ḷ̌ŵ
ȵľ仰մЦһ˵
ˣҲ¶ЦݣҶ˱仯
ȻǾﵽ缫ޣǿʥ֧ţǵʵԾ٣ԪҲ֮ӣӵʥʵҶ˵ΪҪ
߰λǰǻȥɣ뾲޼գ׼պҶ˵
ô㻹Ҫμ
յ˵ɴ۾¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
޷Ҷͣʵǿ󣬵˫ǿ̥Ҳ˵ı̬
ţһͼʦˣճɼͷĽҶ˵ͷ˵
ʲô
Ҷ赭дĻյȫɵۣʯ˵
糾аջܼܼǿ£磬һˣһֻֿ¶յһ
ûоԵİջҪһϻңҲûôףҶƽ͸ޱǿš
Сǹ
յ໥һۣԺðͬͷ
صյĹԺҶܾף飬ص˷У˸ƣϢһᣬǬȡ˴ϣһһ߳Žϳʥ׺ͷʥڽ̥С
ȻûǰҶѾܽϳʥ׺ͷʥӡ̥Уɹʳ˾ųɣҪܼʦһԵͷŹ»Ҷ׼Ŷʥηӡ
Ȼ뷨Ϊ󵨺ѣľȴ߱˿ԡ
Լ뷨Ҷľһδʵ飬ǿηӡʥͳʥڽ̥С
ʵʱҶ绹˲С鷳һδεʵ飬һδεʧܣıܴ
أ
Ҷ緢֣һηӡܳɹηӡʱʥͳʥʧأ˺Ʒӡը̥ϵس˼ڡ
ѵʥ𣬳ʥ̺̫ǿ󣬶ƵƷǿȲԶطӡʥͳʥףյʧܣ
˼һᣬҶ뵽ܳʱ̫̣Ʒʱֺûʱȥ֤ʵԼĲ²⡣
Ҷ֮ʱһߵ𣬽͵
糾ˣҪ㡣

̵Ҷֹͣʵ飬˷ţãյ˺ѵ
糾ûɡ
ŽͯŮҶͽ̳УеĲ豭¶ŵЦݣʵ
ûУҶҡҡͷ֪ôңкҪ£
磬̸̸ܵ𣿡ʵ
ȻԣҶʮʹ˵粻ȥҷɡ
糾ҽ㣬һҪæҶķ䣬żɽ˵
˵
ҶԸһĲˮ˵
㸨һöҩһڲˮ
֪׼ʲôȼĵҩҶüͷ΢΢һƣԾʵ
ߵȼʦʦеʥأǶûаƵĵҩͬһ㡣
ʮƷʥ˵
ʮơҶ絹һ
һƷʥѾ½ޣʮƷʥڶ½ƳԻ⵽Ǵ
֪еǿѣƵʮƷʥ˵Ҫ˵
ôʥʦΪʲôҵңҶûӦʵ
ۼʦĴʦǱʦ϶ѪһѪټչ¶һǾõѡֵ
Ҳ̫︺۳ɰǶм㣬Ϻ񣡡ԭɵ
ãԸ
֪崫УҶûж룬һڴӦˡ
лл糾֪ҪʲôֻҪóһ㣡¶һ˿м֮ɫ
ͲˣҶ˼һ˵ҪƷ̥Ʒ̥һ׼ʥ̥ʦƵǿŻʼʥԼʮһѼƷȼĵ
ãһ磬˽Щ
ȻҶҪֵ֮ɹʥضòʹشӦˡ
˷糾ɫ֣ĳ㶼μˣʱֱӲμľ
ʱ͸ҶһöӵöҶֱӲμӾ
лл
Ҷдϲȱٵľʱ䣬ӵöԶʮʱʵ顣
˷糾úϢɣˡ
˵꣬Ҷ繧£뿪˹ԺصС


1188 طӡ
峿һƳ⴩͸ڻǣӵƾʷĹųǡ
һ磬־ͽҶҪĵ̥ʼʥʮһѼƷˡ
Ҷ֮ҪʼʥżƷʥ޾תر仯徳һ塣
ʮһѼƷҶҪǬģĿǰ꾳磬ͬʱٿذʮһǬ֮
ʮһǬ֮ΪƷǬǿһԳԽƷʥΪҶɱ֮һ
õ֮ҶչأƷ̥˳Ͷ뵽ȸУһ߷һ߽ľϳʥ׺ͷʥӡ̥С
ҶڷУʵʱΪҶľޱ֣Ȼ󲨣糹
ڻǵĸۡ
̣Ƿ糾ʲôϵ
ɫۣɢŵħħħˮ̺ԼУʵ
ңǷ糾£ҰӪУ
һϮɫ޳ȹĳе쾡£پ¶欣ɢˮŪǰһƳ˵
糾ҼµˣҪǣ˫һڲıءܽ£Ұ׳ʵպҰ֧֮һħ˵ͷ˵
壬ͬͷˣˮƽ˵޷Ħĵʵ뷨
ǰɼһ糾ΪֿȵˣҲ취£ħ˵ͷ˵̣֪Ըæ𣿡
æ˼𣿡ˮ΢΢̣¶һѰζЦݣϲ˵
̣֪۽ߣ糾ò츳ʵ㣬㻹Ǻúÿ°ɣ㼫пܻᱻٽ̵⡣ħȰ˵
⣬Ǽһȷʵеᣡˮ۾бɫðɣȻҾȥԣǷ糾Ů٣취Ҵᡣ
İɣһʢᣬʱǴᡣħˮͬ⣬дϲæ˵
Ҷ磬˵Ҹôջ㣬أˮ¶һ˿ĵЦݣ̬ħĶһ¡
ħʾ֭£Ҷ磬Թ뾡취£Ҷ磬УǵãȴҶչΪɣǸˡ
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ʱҶ磬ȴڷУϵʵ顣
ڣһδŬ£ڼƷмطӡӡϳʥ׺ͷʥ
Ȼǰڲ²ûϳʥ׺ͷʥ̫һĵܲסǵԵ±̥
ɹڼƷ̥зӡϳʥ׺ͷʥҶ糤һ¶˵Цݡ
֪׼ʥܲܳϳʥ׺ͷʥ
ҪܼʦҶ֪ŵԼҪƳ׼ʥϣ
׼ʥʩطӡʤ
ϣԳɹ
ҶϢһᣬ׼ʥ̥ӵȸУʱʵ飬ɹľ׼ʥ̥ʩطӡ
ϳʥףʥڣ
ҶһǿнʥڽطӡȻںʱȻһ˿Сƫ㵼ʧܡ
ɱĻľ죬£Ҷջǳɹʥڽطӡڡ
ηӡɹζ׼ʥɺ󣬿ڹʱγʥͳʥ׵սУʥ鹥
֪м죡
ʵɹ鲻ҶһԡͰнһᣬ˽ⷦͼٻ˳ʼͼеʥƣΪ׼
ֹ˴Լʱ䣬̵͵
糾ʹ֪ͨ㣬ú׼׼ʱμӣ
ڵˣ
Ҷ˽յ˫ھһ۾͸ڴ֮ɫ
糾ҹҪҪҰָģ
ɫ黨ȹӰƯḶ̌µ¶ŵĺΣĿ͵ؿҶ磬һֻ˷С˵
ð
ɷʳֲʧĵḶ̌ҶһǣỬС֣Ĵϣޱͷ꽻һ𣬲ֱ˴ˡ
ƮƮɵ⾳У
ܿ죬һҹʱȥˡ
һҹҶ״̬ﵽѣڽź£һոµ·ȵ뿪˹Ժǰ˻
ʼ


1189 ˱ʥ
糾ͣٶһһǿ
Цؿž״̬ѣŴ漣Ҷ磬
һŬģҶ˵ͷŵЦݵλǰ̣ҽȥˡ
˵꣬ҶֳŽƣ뵽޽ΰ׳繬һĻС
ʱɫ°ļʦ˺ѵĵĴʦʦȫǼʥʦڻУҶ绹˲İӰûвμֻΪ
糾׼ô
һϮɫӢ˵ҶڻУȺʱĴͥ¶ŵЦݣӭȥʵ
Ѿ׼ˣλǰʧģҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ҶĻʦ۽Ƕһ£ܿ죬סĵջûҶ磬ȴʼ
Ǿͺãͥ˵ͷԵƬ̣Ͽʼ
ʱƣĶʮʦȫҶĳɫ֣ʹΪ˾ԵĽ㣬ʦڰ뽫
λ磡
ʱһھ֮ڻдþòɢ
һ̣Ͽѿһ޴ȱڣڿˡ
շȥ뵽¶ȼߵУվһɫʯ̨ϵˡ
ͷ⣬үԹ֣ҲУҪĦľ
糾û뵽˫ޣ˲ãͣڴٴ漣
һϮɫ޳ȹ֣纣ǳ£վ͸˷ָо¶˵Цݣö˵
ʱ񣬲ҶΪȫƽۡ磬ʵƳʥʥʦָʵҲҪҶĵط
ǣǰ
վߣҶµԼַ⵽ѹǸڱΧ֮˭ˡ
ˣҾһһֱҲѹ֮غһ˭ƵȼߣƷѣ˭ʤߣλϣȫṩ˴ξǰ˵õͬ⣬ƳҲС
ʱΪһ£λҪĲдֽϡ
վڻɫʯ̨λϵ׼ĶʮʦĽܵ
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֮ѡƽΪԽĽṹϤӦ֣׼ʥȼĽҲĿǰȱġ
ȻʮʦҪϡ󣬵ϰ̷꣬ڶʱڴҪĲϡ
ˣλռ䣬׼ɣ
ϣ˽뵽һռ䡣
ÿµĵ̣ҪʮһϣȻȫǼƷ
ṩϣҶ΢΢ЩԾ㾡УһܴϣϰǺεȵĿ¡
ˣΪһ£ʼһ£ʼˡ
ȸ
Ҷһٻȸȸʥ𣬿ʼһſϡ
Ȼȸ飬ִﵽŵȼҶҪƵĽ׼ʥȸȼȸһſżƷϣĸгӰҶٶȡ
Ƿʥ㹻ǿʮʱ䣬Ҷᴿ
ʱһȥ׼ʥĲƷ̫ߣڻᴿѶ̫Ҷ粻֪ƣ˽ʮʱ䣬Žʮһڻᴿ
ʱҶ磬ʦᴿʩչľҺ̥
ʮʱ䣬ᴿ糾ٶеˣ
һֱעҶˣҶᴿٶȱʦԶԶ˺棬΢΢
Ҷ޷ڹ涨ʱپҲûá
һҶʧܣĽͽʦУпΪ£ɲõӰ졣
׼ʥѶȹȻܴ󣡡
еϣҶ˺еλػҺʼʩչַʮһһ𣬲ʱľε̥ʩӷӡ
Ҷ罫ַӵʱиֱֱֳۣһͬʩչȸ̥ٶȡ
˱ۡ糾ʩչѵʧѾõİ˱ʥ
ĿҶ˱붯ʩչһĻͷͫ΢¶˲˼֮ɫ
ϹŴĹżУĽܣ˱ʥǰǰ֮һΪʱ̫ԶԼԭʧ֣ȫͷ
˵СһôʦսԭϹʥпٴ漣ܼʦ
ʶҶʩչ˱ʥڴҶʵı֡


1190 䶨ˣ
һطӡɹˣ
Ҷ羭һʱڻεĽ̥ʩһطӡϳʥ׺ͷʥ̥֮С
̥ȶҶһʩչ˱ʥһһڽ̥ʩӶؽơ
ֹʱ䣬ڶطӡΣҹ̳˳Ҷ糤һ
طӡ
ɹڽ̥طӡҶûκεͣЪһطӡ
ȻҶлľطӡȻС³һ˿©յ¹һ
ʱҲҶطӡʱٵʧţܿ죬ʮʱȥˡ
ʱʦ˱Ƴһ׵ļƷŵ
֣糾ڸʲôôͻȻŻٶȣٶȥµʱ
һֱעҶּҶٶȲϵ½˼⣬ٴΪż
糾¯еԿӵһ׼ʥȼ¯ٶӦ٣üͷ΢壬͸ű֮񻺻˵
ǰ糾Ȼշһֳʥ𣬵¯̫Կˣ޷ʥӵ£ڲԶħ˵ͷ
ҶٶȲϷŻΪģ֪޷£Ҷ磬ֲʦͼȴ¶ֻЦݡ
ǿҶ絨ҺͼʦɼûʲôһʼǾͲţҶܻͣһļʦ
ӡ
ʱ伸ʮʱҶڽ̥طӡϳʥ׺ͷʥӡڽ̥С
ʱ䣬ҵüӿٶˣ
Ȼʣʱ䲻ˣҶ粢ţλػҺָͬʱȸ˴ʥ̶ȸл
һ̣Ʒʥڽ˻ľУһĶãƻľʼں档
ȻԶʥ𣬵Ҳﵽޣһںϣ÷ʥʵķԾɱʥ𣬳׽ȸƷʲȱݣ޵ʱ
ʥڻľлںʱҶٴʩչ˱ʥ
ĸֱһ׼ʥƣڽ̥У̥ƷʣĸֱŴƣڽ̥Ž̥Ĺ
ˣǷ糾ڼˣǰЩӵڸʲôΪʲôٽż٣ѵϲĸоҶͻȻӿٶȣ¶˲֮ɫ
ܿ糾Ƶʲôȼ𣿡һ裬ȫעҶ磬ѯԵ
糾ƵӦ׼ʥ
ͨҶʩչİ˱ʥԼһ׼ʥƣµĵȼ
׼ʥƯüһµ˵µʱ䣬𣿡
⡭׼ʥѶȼʱе㲻ãСһﲻԳҾӦյԥһ£˵
ΪҶ¯ȼ̫ˣӰٶȣ˼ãҲû뵽ҶֶΣг˵ǡ
ˡ
˲ΪҶ絣ʱ޾ĺһռ
׼ʥƳ׼ʥ
ͻȻֵĺ˵Ŀⱻ˹ȥ
ֻһ׺սһȼܻ¯зɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȣ¶ϲɫĵĴʦͷ
ǵĴʦƳһ׼ʥȼս£
׼ʥսµѶԶԶ׼ʥĴʦǵһƳ׼ʥս£пܳ˴˴ǰ
ֹ˰ʱ䣬Ҷĵļʦ
˲䣬¯ӳ⣬һģһ̻Ŵƣ̺Ƶ׼ʥ⹳¯иֳ
찡ʦȻƳ׼ʥĴʦƵ׼ʥսһӱȥ
̫ˣʦǿʥʦһûˣ
ʦƵ׼ʥ⹳ֳʱʱȫͼ¶԰Цݡ
ߣ֪ߵغСӣΪҶһսʦĵλȱ޵ʱ򣡡
һĳȹ͸Ÿ߹ʣһֻ߰ȸһĵ΢΢̣¶һ˿ЦݣĬ
оҶ䶨ˣĿüʦڹ涨ʱڣƳ׼ʥûٿҶ磬о漣֣Ҷ䶨ˡ


1191 
ʱʧܿ죬һʱ䡣
ʱҶ磬ԼԹˮ´ʦȫ
ΪʦͬʱƳ׼ʥƷʼѣò˸оʦѹƳ׼ʥȼսµĵĴʦô˴һ
Ҫˣ糾ҪͰһҪɹ
˫ֽ߬½ǣҧŷۺɫ촽ŹеӰ񣬽ź
̶ŷ糾Ҹоᴴ漣ὫļٵĽ§˻Уο
汿Ҫҽ¯糾ͺˣͲĻУϵ

̲̾ϢһҲҶ¯ƷʲӰٶȡ
ĿüʦһƳ׼ʥоҶӵз¯ܼʦϣҲ΢΢
糾ʢϣνѵһЩĬ΢΢еϧ
ˣ
˵ȫҶˮ´ʦʱ׷ͯյˮ´ʦ˫ֿٵŤӵӡ̵ĵ¯γ˴ĹΡ
һ̣һ˫̻Ŵƣһ׼ʥȼѥȵĻƿ˽յ¯ɵ˰С
ٶ׼ʥˮ´ʦȻƳһٶ׼ʥ
ٶ׼ʥѶȱȷ׼ʥҪȫʦƵ˫׼ʥ⹳ˡ
ԶԶˮ´ʦͷѥĴʦüͷ΢΢һ£ȻٶԶʤˮ´ʦƵսȴ޷ˮ´ʦƵѥ
˵Уܸˮ´ʦ
ˮ´ʦȻһЩƳ˫ѥȷʵʱʦ˴һˣ
˶ˮ´ʦƵ˫ѥ޲ڣҲΪˮ´ʦƳѥǰĸǡ
ˮ´ʦеĲѡѡֻ֣ʣҶ绹δˡ
ʱʣ´ʱ䣬ûٿҶ磬˻ɣҶ޷ڹ涨ʱ䣬
ҶΪ۽ʱʥڻľںϣɱһȫµʥʥ
ʥ𣬼
ںϽҶԥʥͷųע뵽ȸС
ţԵģ¾ͼʥƣȫ͵Ľ̥п̻һʥƣ̶׼ʥƷʡ
ֻ棡
ҶͻȻٻһְɫ˸ĻڽȸУӵԼʱѻȸһ˫˫𾪵ĿضŹ赣ţʱ̣Ҷٻ˵ֻ档
찡ǼһﵽʲôƣѪ֮ôͬʱں棡
һϵ׻Ŷܣ
ܿ죬ը˹ҶȫΪ۵Ľ㡣
֪糾ĵֻʵͥɴ۾ͬԾʵ
֪ԭ֪糾ŵֻ棬ʱٻֻ棬˷ʥ𣡡ҡҡͷ²˵
ʥǾʥ𣡡ͥһȻӵ˿µĻ棬Ϊʲô綯ãҪȵ󡣡
Ҳ²Сһ뷨ҡҡͷ˵Ȼ󣬿϶ԭʱ̣Ӧ
¡¡
۷׷ʱžϿͻȻһ
޾ǧӿϿγһĽơ
ƣ
ΪƿߣƳֵ˲䣬Ӧˣͫ׷Ŵ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
⣬糾ƵĲ׼ʥʥ
ֻƵĶ缫ޣŻٽƻ޷Ҷ粻ʥƳʥ
ݵʧعæơ
ʱйĦȫоƵɴ۾ܲգ¶˻ģ
٣Ȼ١糾ʥ
찡һʲôʱ
˵ôҺͼʦԶĽԭﵽˮ׼һǵһ˵Ƴʥ
ʥʥʦƳģǴϹַַзֵģĿҶʱ٣˶ɵˡ
ûĽɵĽƷԽκһϯգĩһ㡣
û뵽ҽ̻һʥƣ٣Դе׼ʥ䷽ǿ󣡡
ͷԽԽĽƣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫٻԼӡʥеؽƣеŬ֮
¡¡
ҶԴʱҷĽ˾޴ıһڵĽƳ˷Ľƣһ˺ƲĿռѺۣݺݵȼħѪȫһҶ硣
䣡
ҶڵĿռҵĲһ£ҶȸڵĽûˡ


1192 ɣܣ
ÿµ٣ȣϲ˲٣
ٵɫ΢΢Ҷ絣סٹ⡣
˵߱ʱһɫľֳҶ壬ҡҷɫڣŽ׵
һ̣Ҷٻͼ֮ݵ£µĽף½˺ƽ̥еķӡʧܡ
ÿµľľһǵһμ
ųգҡҷڲ˺Ѻɫ׵ĻľڳȫоľĲ¶˻֮ɫ뽫ľΪС
ںɫ£̥ٵسͣƷ׼ʥʥˮ׼
ҶĵҲʵںɫ׷Ĵ£̥еطӡѵļޣӡеʥ˺ƽƱըļ
ͼ
ӡѣҶһĶãƷʥͼٻ˳ԴԴͼע͵⣬ƾ֮գľٻ˳ľ޸ѵķӡ
֮飬ѵǵܼҵ֮
вٻϹŷյľ֮飬ϳ˾ͼ
ͼôϣѵܼйϵͨͼ²Ҷ
Ǭ󣡡
ͼȻ£Ҷ޷Ӿͼǿĺɫ״͸֮䣬ѣҶֱ¶һƣٻ˰ʮһǬ֮Ǭ󣬷Ľף̶Ž׵
찡£ٿؽ󹥻һﵽôģ
ҶٻǬ˵УǼžһƬ˶Ҷֶס·ʯһ㣬˵
֮飡
ԼһʱǿҶ磬屻֧飬֧Ųסʱٻһ֮飬һȥ֮µĻָ޸ƣٵϴ񣬿ƽ̥εɱ䡣
̥طӡҲľȫ޸ˣڻľϵ޸ϱ޷˺Ҷʩӵطӡ
еۣӦñβˣɰҲڴһ٣
ͻȻĽƣ˵ĺһֹͣˣȫɴ˫ۣȴĽ
䣡
ٻĽһıеһ̣ȫˣһˮͰ֣Ľף֮Ҷ硣
ͼҺɱ
ҶҲ֪ʤڴһ٣ޱĿƾͼǿһƾ֮ɱ˺Ľϡ
¡¡
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ʱҶưʮһǬ֮һ𣬻ʮɳľ޽ںͭ꣬նһݺݵն˱֮һϣǿٵ
ľ
Ǭ޽һڰмҶԳʱҶֿƻľȥ뾡һа취һٵ
ɹ糾һҪɹ
Ŀתؿž޴Ĺ赣ţҶԴ漣סµ٣ɹ
ģҾͲţļս޻ʾʵһ»ۼʦȴҶ磬ʧܡ
ΪʮһҶסٵϴƵ׼ʥɱʥʧܣõĽҲˡ
䣡
ֲǬ޽ľмҵĶԳ⣬޴ŭ쳹졣
ɿµҶײƻֹγ˿µơ
£˸о˫ȷ̲סҪĤݡ
ǣ
Լʱ䣬žŰʮһѼƷɵǬ޽һٺˣľȻƾһ֮סһķ񣬵д»ľҶ磬ԼȸмεĽ̥
ϳʥף
Ծ£ҶоϱȻпܻ𼴽εĽ̥ͷųϳʥ׼ġ
Ҷֶξ£ֱ½ҶͬʱȸУƻŽ̥
ۣ
ʱҶ粻ˣȸ˴ıѪ̶ŷʥ
ڣڻѪصҶŬ£̥ʥ£һ糤ƣī׾ʥ
ʥУһƴӽ쵽˽ƣҶķѪ̻ʥƣʥƣ٣ҶƵɱƷʥ


1193 Ǻ
ɹˣĳɹˣ
ɢȥһ˸ۻ֮⣬޾âĹ⽣ҶͷҶƳʥֱվ
ʥεһվħҲԼͬվҶǾ𾪡
ϾʷУѾܾúܾûƳʥˣξעʷᡣ
ģͣôƳʥʥ⣡ʦ޷ʵֱӱ˴ֿڡ
ҶƳʥûãڽˣʦƵ뿪˶ռ䣬С
ʱ߳ŭвʵļʦ⣬ʥʦʥʦԶԶСǵҶ˾η
Ȼоǧ꣬ʻûʵƳʥ˵ոյһĻǣķڷ
糾̫ˣû뵽㻹˵ֻ棬ס٣Ƴʥ˴һʵ飡Ҷǰ֮ʣ޵
δ˵һǲе³çˣʦ۽Ǽѹеŭɫķ
ʦȻھ׼ʥ׼ʥʥ֮Ĳ࣬Ӧú糾ھƳʥǵ֮ĵһӹɣɫ࣬޷ʧʵļʦ˵
ߣʥҲʵͣƳʥҪԼ顣ʦ޷Ҷʵ顣
ʦ飬ͼҲҶƵʥ˻ɣͦʦ
ȻʦĴң䣬Ǿͼһ°ɣҶʼ磬ɫɵ˵
ϷҲ£
ˮ´ʦĴʦͬǲδҶƵʥɣֻ֪Ҷʥп̻˺εȵƣ٣ʥ
ǺãǴһͬ·糾Ƶʥ
˵꣬ҶнӹʥӡУʦΧʥܣͷǿм
ʥƣ糾µʥƣô̻ģ˷ݹὣ糤׵һʥʱ̾ΪֹȲѡ
ʥʦҵģұȽ޶ۣһʥƣҶںߵ
̻ܿʥƣĹǿиʥƵԡ

ҶԳ޶ۣڳ˶ˣ˵Ҷ޶ۣǶԴˡ
ʦ㻹ʲô˵𣿡
˼飬ȷҶƷʥɣɫˮͷϱļʦ
ߣǼʱûзѽзӡҸоӡ⣡ʦʼղ䣬һͷ
ôʦǲˣҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ߣСȸҽ⽣зӡ̸ʤɣʦһ
ӡҷʱʩӵģûطӡƳʥʱ䣬϶磡ҶЦЦ˵ɴ۾ӡʲô
˵ţҶ罫ӡеʥУ⿪һطӡֳʥͻȻն˲Զļʦ
Ҷ絨ֳʥնʦ¶һ˿ŭ֮ͼֳ壬һֻȼܻ棬Ĵ֣ץҶնʥҪᣬشҶ磬һѵ
ץסնʥ˲䣬ӡʥеϳʥ׺ͷʥŭ𣬴ݿŻ֮ͼɵĻ֡
ͣ
⵽ƻĻֱʥޱȵʥâƲն˼ʦǱܡ
⡭糾ʥеķӡʲô
Ŀʥбϳʥ׺ͷʥڳ˶ˣͥһʵ
ΪʥʥʩؽƣȻóʥͳʥƽķǷӡʥСҶ͵
ʥס糾㻹շһֳʥף㵽ʲôƣ
ɴ˫ۣ˼ʵ˵Ҷչ¶ֶΣ
ʥԼˮݵķʦҵġҶ纬Ľ͵
糾һΣ֪İ취˼˵
ʦڻʲô˵ģ
Ҷ翴űԼһˣǱܣҪѪļʦ¶ŵЦݣ˵
㡭
ʦҪˣ۾Ļ棬·ҪҶڻȳ裬һӶδܹ
ʦ֪ǰ¸أ˼䣬ˣҲˣһҪлĿĽ͸ңǺˣ
ҶӼʦŭЦ˵
ۣ
ҶĻһ̽˼ʦУŭĵһһѪ˳Ѫ߰ߡ
ʦ
ʦҶѪͼߣŭҶ硣
С֮ܲ裬ϷˣһʦøɾѪŭһҶ磬תȥ
ʦŭȥû¶һ˿Цڣ뿪ˡ


1194 غھ
ˣ糾Ƴʥô˴һλ𣿡
ʦ뿪һȦ¸صıʦˣʵ
Ϸһ;ûзκˣ糾Сˮ׼ϷĪһ糾Сʵ顣Ƴٶ׼ʥһˮ´ʦһ˵
ҵҲû飡
ʦĴʦҲҶ羪׵ı۷ͬ
Ȼλû飬Ǵ˴һɷ糾ã˴ʮ
ЦƵͷһ½
ʱգˮ´ʦƵٶ׼ʥһ˫ѥ΢ƣѹʦƵĹ׼ʥ˫⹳õڶ߷뿪ļʦƳ׼ʥսµĵĴʦеġ
ˣһȥúϢһսյΣõ
λǰȻȥˣ
Ҷص󣬴ƴﵽƷʥȼʥҪ硣
ȵȷ糾
ʱħǬɭ˺סҶ磬׷룬ҪΪף˫ϵһ
˵Ҷһħ˾£Ҷ磬ҶֶһƳʥǼʶҶµ츳Ǳ
˵ҶһαأֵǸκεĴۣȥ£
˼λү̫ƣˣлپ۰ɣ
Ҷίлħ˵ĺ⣬һ뿪硣

Сӣû뵽صôʥտ΢΢ЩƣҶӻ߳һǰǰһļ˷ܵ˵ҪٿǿǰϷΪʦ£
ǰ㲻˵𣿡ҶӣЦ˵
ô֪Сһأ֪ôϷһ뾡취ΪʦЦ˵
ǰʵݲʦһպֻҪλǰҪһҶЦЦ˵ŵ
ҪľŵմЦһ˵ߣҹԺףȥҹҪ飡
ã
ҶԵ˻кøУύǣûоܾǻص˹ԺУ
糾֮ĸ̶Ҫ뿪ˣ֪ʲô㣿
ȸһ̳ƣδĵսվ̳ӵһߣȾƵҶ磬ʵ
֮ҪգȻһʱ䡣Ҷȸ˱еƵ
糾ڴ˴ͷ̫ʢһᱻܶ˵ǣ㻹ҩͣһҪСģƤ߾͸ɣƤߣ쾳Ҳ޷㿴ǬָóһűƤߣ͸Ҷ硣
ллǰ
ҶûŶ˵ҪƤߡ
糾͸ıؾҲ޷ش㣡
ʶҶµǱͺڵҲûģֱóһ׼ʥȼս£һԽӲӣ罣׼ʥȼĳ͸Ҷ硣
ллλǰ
Ҷ֪׼ʥļֵǺڵ͸Ľ𣬼ֵ޷һؾҲ׷
ϷҲˣܲܽ⿪ܣͿıˡ
մǬָóһУоһȭͷСشʮĺ
ǰǡ
ҶӹУſƲĺޱȣüͷһƣԾʵ
źҲΧõģϷоǧ꣬ûн⿪ܣûнƿϷһָо񲻼򵥣һŴܡջ˵
ͲˣҶ΢΢һЦ˺񣬸м˵
˷糾Ϸмæڵԥһ˵
ǰ˵Ҷʵ
ȥ£ɷϷһҩݣܴӱ´ҩݣһرһڵ˵
ãǰҪҩֺ̬ңҰǰ⣬УһǰҶ˵ͷʮʹشӦ
Ҫҩݽ߲ҪƵһ¯׼ʥһζҩҲҪһҩڵ߲̬Ҷ硣
ˣûУպ磬Ҳǰ⣡Ҷ˵
ллڵм˵
ˣʱˣһȥϢɡֺȸһ̳ƣ
ãλǰϢ̣
Ҷ翴΢죬΢΢Щ⣬Ḷ̌ܵе⡣
ʱҶиҪ£ڽֹĿע£ص˷Уһ뵽ǬУغ˳
֮˼оźΪǵź˲䣬ڻľеǿؽѪ궯ˣȻغ񲻼򵥡


1195 ֮Ѫ
еʲôܣȻǵؽѪ궯ѣ
Ҷ練غ񣬷ֽƵޣ޷͸֮У֮£ЩðյĽľٻ˳ǵβԼƵؽѪ⿪еܡ
ˣ
ľֳҶ˲䣬ؽѪͻȻɳľһĨ⣬ֱû뵽Զ޷͸غС
һ̣оǧ궼ûв͸غȼͷųʯըҪֲĹâǬһؿռӳ˻ɫŵǬɱ¾֮ˡ
⣬⵽ôˣ
Ҷû뵽ᷢȱʣȼպͷŵѪ鲻Խ
ҲǬУ緢ȱʣƻᾪܶˣ¶Ҷܶܡ
磬ʲô
ɴƯĴ۾ȼеĺںиеһ˿ϤѪ
ǺһλǰҵģΧõģҲҶ
ΪʲôҿȼյĺһѪͨĸоأ
Īıȼպҧ촽
Ѫͨѵйϵ
ҶԺһͷ⣬͸ĿĻ⣬Ҫеܡ
ĿⱻؽѪȼĺʱһ޴ı
Զ޷͸غͻȻըˣνɫѪҺһΰɫѪҺС
ѪҺǿźоȻνɫѪҺ
ҶƻľνɫѪҺʱνɫѪҺӿ˿ֲѪ֮ٵؽڣһ߾ųߣȫѪУòΰӡ
ΰӿѪ֮ҶͬʱоµѪѹҶӵеѪħѪԶԶѪĵȼ
ȻѪӦǿѪ֮һ
໡
ͻȻ㷢һĳХеĵڶѪˣǵµѪӰӸֳ壬ͷųΰӼһģһѪ֮
⡭νɫѪҺȻصѪйء
Ҷû뵽ʣиֳصѪӰӣѪӰΰѪͬȻѪҺйϵ
иֵѪӰӣΰĿͶ˹·Ҫ㶴
վߵҶˣܵ⣬ľȫĺëһֱһʱ̻ᱻⶴĸо
ʱ侲ֹҶ簵еǬ׼ǿѹνѪɵΰʱ궯İɫѪҺһָһָѹΰӡ
ɫָΰȫѪֱ֮񷣬ƿµѪֹ֮ÿһѪǬеĿռ˺ѣ춯أƿֲһͿ
ΰӵĹأȴ޷˺ɫָֺ״͸Ѫһָΰӡ
û˿һָжôĿ£һָռ·ΪޣʮͻȻİΰӵؿϣµֱָӽ尴ˡ
ԲһĿռ䣬һָռ£ݡ
Ǭռ޸ǿգ֮䣬ɫָĿռͱ޸ˣҶڷв˽ƣǬо޴ûоκˡ
Ѫ֮屻飬ΰӿٵǿѪ֮Ҫ޸壬ʱɫֵָԲһռ飬ֱӽΰӵѹ±νɫѪҺ
ಣ
һ̶ƿ𣬰ɫѪҺ·ӵһ㣬ͻȻһνɫѪҺˡ
һνɫѪҺȴʱͻȻиֳѪӰӵ㣬û뵽С
໣
һνɫѪҺֳѪӰӱʵʣ˲ĺӶѪɫ˫ۣ֮ҡҷռ䣬򰵽ɫָ
һΰӷĹҪ£Ȼ޷˺ɫѪҺɵָֺ
ˣ
ֳѪӰӱɫָУҵĲһ£ٴˡ
ѪӰ˲䣬ܵɣһѪ˳۵СɷһƬֱӵҶ绳С
ľֹ
ΣգҶؽ§ڻУƻľϮİɫָ
أ
ɫָľײһƷʥȼĻľ˳ȥ
µİɫָҶǰ
Ҷ罫§ڻУǬʱ׼·ӵһİɫָͻȻ˰ɫѪҺ̬ص˻ľС
㣬㻹ðɣ
ɫѪҺҶ糤һɫɷף˫㣬ĵʵ
û³磡۾¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ֪еڶѪʲôˡ
ġʲôѪҶüͷһƣæʵ
Ѫ㻺³ĸ֡


1196 
ѪѵոνɫѪҺѪҺ
Ҷ֪ΪʲôνɫѪҺֵһɲѪͬʱеȼϵѹơ
еĴм䣬Ҷ֪ѪųǿѪΪͨѪѪѪѪѪ
ǿ壬оѪûǸĶ֣ҲΪѪǿǿƣʹø壬ӶѪյ帲
дԣħĺᣬħһ岢˵ҲԼйϵ
ոνѪѪڵ֮ԨõİɫѪҺʲôѪأ
뵽ɫѪҺѪһĻҶͷųǿ͸ľУŸӦոѪİɫѪʵ
ΰɫѪҺ̫ǿͷŵոմͱ̺Ѫ֮飬޷͸
磬ո˵ǺõİɣСָЩѪɫʵ
ţǺһλǰ͸ҵģ˵ǺΧõģҶ˵ͷ
磬лᣬܴȥһָойϵգŴ۾˵
ãʱ죬һȥ죡Ҷ˵ͷӦͨշһϵбʣ˳Ĳ²⡣
ܿ崫йأʵѪһϵ
лл磬ȥոǵ֮Ѫȥˣ
¶һ˿м֮ɫص֮أԼ壬建ںϵ֮Ѫ
ˣǴɣ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪Ǭص˷Уһ˼ʥ׼ʥսºͽ˳
ʥҶ糬ˮƽӣԿ̻һģʥƣƳƷʥΪǵݹὣʥƣҶѽΪʥ
ʥҶƵģƵҶ绹ȸھѪûѶٹ򣬾ʥ
ţҶֱַ˱ڵ׼ʥף𣬽ս
ܿ죬ˣһҹҶڷԡ֮ɫȹףʵŵĽ̵˻ϣǰ˻
Ҷɫ֣¶˫ϵһǰ;УĿ⡣
ϴɱ¼յûİ֮˿Ҷ磬ܿ죬޽ΰ׳ųĻС
쿴糾ͽˣ
û뵽˴˷糾ƥʥʦȥˡ
˵ǰ糾ͼʦˣĳɼעĽ
ġ˵Ҷܴرѡż
߽Ҷͽ̵ˣ絽ĸ۷׷ףĽҶڴ˴ϵջ
ɶС֮裬Ϸնʮ
絽ļʦ˵û£ҧгݣȫҶ統С
Ҷո߽ûãͱħǬɭΧм亮ѣʶҶµ뽫Ҷ£ӪУǿһʵ
ͬ˴վڽĻꪣʥӶˣͬķŭʼ޷ţҶ˵ı̬Ȼ˫ھ뵽ҩǰĻǶİ˲١
ˣҶһ
һ𣬻Ͽգѿһ޴ȱڣͷӻзɳ䵽˻ȴľ޴ʯ̨ϡ
ԲϷյн
ƴÿһ֣Ӧ־ͻḡھ޴Ĺϡ
һ糾ʦʦĴʦ
һ糾ڶˮ´ʦʦ
ԼʦеޱȵĴۣ뵽ԼһĽҶ¸ջѣ޴档
ȻΪһʥʦȴ֪ʮղغεȵĿ£̰ͼеıѾãܴӱеõļ쾳Ϊ֮ۺıֻܴһƽ⡣
ˣڽн
ƴԴ˴Ժʦн
õʮ˵õһŵõʮֽʮֵǮʮֿͨһ֮
ˣ˴ԲǰϷ籦ѡ˻صĿռ硣
̣һᣡ
˵ţҶշȥɫļʦЦݵıʦˮ´ʦ뵽ԣɾһĻС


1197 صı
⣬Ʈѵ
ɽ磬ҶоƮŲǸߵȼ
ҶƮɾзֹ°빦ٶȡ
һƬڽµɽ֣Ҷ˷ɽһ޴ĹУڹ룬ͱڡ
ͱڻ䣬һʮɸߣͨɫǶһźյĹ׾
¥ϣһ鼫ΪϵңϡԿɣµĹ֨DD
ȻڹУ͸ĽƣҶظо֪ڶ¹͸Ŀ⾳
һָо̺⾳ȫԽϹֻ
ƣ
ɵ⣬ٻһöϵƣע˴ĵ֮ֱĹ󣬴Ҷ˽뵽档
˲䣬ҶͫΣյ״ڱϥһϵۣ϶ѻŴҳ·һ㣬һĿݷߡ
֣
ȻݷûһϢҶ翴ʱȴϸеŨŨΣϢԼ̺Իص
̫ϳϣĸǴ˴ǰҴѡ̫ϳϴ򿪱ǽȥ
λ൱ſݷؾһ˵
ݷ۾۵˲䣬·âӳҶһ۾ĸо
ÿµ񣡡
ſݷߺ۾Ҷһĸо·¶С
糾ҿ̣ܾʡݷߴҶ缸ۣž޲ͻȻ¶ЩӲЦݵ
ллǰ佱Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
糾Ҵ˱ʥ֪Ը⽫𣿡ݷ׾˵
Ը⣡Ҷ붼û룬ʮʹشӦˣҪһʱ佫˱ʥƵС
˱ʥȻ󣬵Ҷ˵ȴûжټֵҶƳʥĹӡһµʥơ
ĴҶպҪԿնĴиƱҪϣԽԽ׳
ǿԵȣ
Ϊ˸л˽պѣ޳һΣݷŵУʥ͸㣬ϷƵĻʱķҲѪһըش쾳ܣҲԱˡ
ллǰ
Ҷӹŷӡںںеʥ飬ĵĸм
Ȼнܱʵͨ쾳ܣҲǶ֣ʥ飬ƣ˵лնɱ쾳ˡ
һԵļʦҶ羹Ȼӿݷõʥ飬۽ǲԾһ¡
Ҷӵʥ飬պ󱨸ҶҪˣʵһʥУ½ʬ޴档
ˣ׼£ڿܴӱдߺεȱͿǵıˡ
˵ţݷ̽ݵ֣ٵؽӡƾһѵԿף˱ͷµİС
ǣ
Կ׻ת޴ͷžҵĲѿһ޴ķ϶һεڵıӿ
߰ɣǽȥ
Ŵ򿪣ſݷһ񣬴Ҷ߽˱С
öĽƣ
߽Ҷ緢ֱгźܶĽƣоղصıͬСɣԽ䱸ɭϵı³ڴ
Ҷ˸ʮƣ˱Լվһ޴ͱ֮ϣͱڵĶ棬һеĹ赡
ǰһر£ղղأЩղݣʥҩطͨʥѪ
Щﶼʩ˽ƣԵķʽڱзɳֻܿƵᡣԽı׽ѶԽܵõǼҪǵʵˡվڶ͵ͱϣؽܵ
ԭⱦеıﲻѡַʽãҶû뵽»
ʦˮ´ʦĴʦȴû飬Ȼ֪ȡ±Ĺء
ˣ׼£ʱΪһʱ糾ӵоŴѡᣬˮ´ʦӵѡᣬʦĴʦӵһѡᡣ
סѡıﲻ÷ڣһѡ걦ͻᱻеĹͳȥһſ׼Ҷˣ˵
˵꣬еĹڽ˱йУ˹
ǿסҶʱڣʵıӳ޾Ĺâӳ˱ͷ
һ̣һıŤһڽеıһſŻƲǣҶǰ


1198 ľ
ˣ
ı£Ҷɨһ۾ޣǿ͸һɹǿĽУ֪зӡı
ҶԵӦʦҲͬķӦ
Ȼ˵궼Ҷǿ󣬵ԵĴ̫죬֪ͶԶԶˡ
ǿӦ£ǿƵʵ͸һɹǿĽУҶģĸӦзӡı
׼ʥݣ׼ʥ𡭡
ȻзıֵƣδﵽҶ׼ʦҲûг֣ͨӦ̶ȡ
Լʱ䣬ҶͻȻ˽յ˫һոշµıеͼͼ籡壬ٵػ㼯һֻ֣ץ˹ȥ
Ҷץȡ˲䣬ʦͬоǿĽƹţƷӡı
ѡĻ᲻࣬סҶͷҶ۵ĵ֣ץסǰı
ƣ
ץסƱ˲䣬궯ҪѶ
ʱҶ罫ͼݵ£ǿĵ֮ӲƵĽƣһץ
Ҷ򿪺ɫʱһ˵ҩںɫɢֻһ¾;
ʥһʥ
۴СһƵİɫҩ˵߱ȫüֻۿʥʦ֪Űɫҩһ޼۵ʥ
Ȼ½ӵϸ߹ݣҲֻмʦӵʥҳɹʲɣټʥҩļϡʥ˵Ҳޱȵ
ʥʦĽҶ΢΢һЦʥսǬУԸӦһµıʵ
ûãˮ´ʦˣ۳ǿĵ֣ץһõһֵߣؾʵʥݡ
ջˮ´ʦҲΪ⣬ͷǿѰһĿꡣ
ţǡ
ͻȻԸӦһǿĽƳ֣ɽ֮ǿ˷ӡʥĽƣԥͼ籡壬˵ץȥ
Ҷ緢ǿ󣬼ʦҲͬʱӦˣ׷ͷǿĵ⣬ɴֽᡣ
ͭ꣬ƣ
ۿ۵ĵ־סҶ۵ĵ֣ͭͻȻҶ꺣Լٶȹ۵ĵ֡
ͣ
ͭ꽻֯޾Ľƹ£۵ĵ޷赲Ҷ۵ĵץסٶȼ죬ԽٵĽƹš
ô
ץסٶȹŵ˲䣬ǿĳѣۿƹžҪ
ͭ꣬ƣ
Ҷһͭ깥ݺݵһ˺˹Ľƣ¶ĺɫС
Ҷɹƿƣץ˺ɫУʧܵļʦ˷׷¶ź֮ɫĿͶ˺ɫУҪ֪浽׷ӡźεȵı
ţһľ
򿪺ɫУҶ緢оһؿĺɫ֦ɫ֦̬Ƚ֣еΡ
ɫ֦ûһ·ѿ£Ҷûпɫ֦ʵ
⣬ѵľ
Ҷûϳɫ֦۹֮ãżļʦȴϳɫ֦һ
ľ
ʦ˵ľҶ䣬л֪ľϢ
ľľüĲݣںϴϧ֮ƵһĹЧ
˵ӵľ͵ڶһ۶ôµĹľֵܵסһ֮ľҲɢ
糾ϷҪľ֪ԸϷн𣿡ĴʦһĿеؿҶ
˼Ĵʦľ˵ҲҪˡҲܽ佻㣡
֪ľļֵҶὫ佻׳ȥϾӵľ͵ڶһûԼࡣ

Ĵʦ̾Ϣһ¶һ˿ź֮ɫ
ʦǵ۾и͸ŨŨĶʼ֮ɫʼҶȻõ˼ֵʥľ
һԵҶջҲ¶˵ɫ
¹Ȼһ㣬澹ղȱ֪Ƿ̲űľҪıԼʥƼϵҩ
Ҷ罫ľսǬУԸӦһǰ㻮ƿռıѰһĿꡣ
ڣֹһᣬҶ緢˵Ŀ꣬Ŀʦȴȳ֣ץȥҪᵽ֡
ͭ꣬ƣ
ҶһͭһĨ⣬ݺݵش˼ʦ۵ĵϣµĹֱӽֵָӲи޷ץסǿеı
һ̣ͼٴθֳҶ壬һֻ֣ڼʦŭĿע£ƿ˽ƣˡ


1199 ˭в˭
糾㾹ȻϷеı
ʦŭؿ߱Ҷ磬һֻŭʨӣ
ʦ⻰δеԵˣеıﶼ֮ƾ֮ᡣҸո㻹ľƾʲôҾͲˣѵʹܲҪҶͱ˵ķʵ
㡭
ʦû뵽Ҷ˵˵ĺݶɫ࣬£޲
ʦȻҸߣⲢһͭԿĵ⣬ȰòҪңҲһ񣡡
żʦŭҶ΢΢һЦľ
Сӣ֣
ʦ챻Ҷˣʱ˿̣֪ԼȷʵвҶ磬òҧʣǿڶ
żʦʵˣҶ粻˸ոǸɫУһѪɫģ̺ǿ֮Ĺʵ
һŵ
еѪɫʵҶһϳŹʵһݳʮ꣬ԼҪǧԪʵ
ģ
ҶԼߵıȻǵļʦֱӱ˴ֿڣͷϱ˵
ʦ꣬ԪѾˣԵ˵ʮֵҪܵõǧԪܶܶ¡
񣬶˵ޱȴҶˣҪߡ
оҶеĿǣӦԼһУˡ
ʦллˣ
û£˫ļʦҶ΢΢һЦлսǬС
糾ʵ̫ˣ
ˮ´ʦĴʦ໥һۣɵĽҶջ
˵Ҷǰջ񣬶ĶѣֵǸȥȡ
ջرҶԸӦһµıѰŵĸĿꡣ
ʱǿеıԼٶȷԶ
ˣ
ֵ˲䣬Ҷ۾ͬʱ⣬۳ǿĵͼɵץȥᡣ
ʱݵԸӦһɸǿĽƳˣϵķײһ¼ʦ۵ĵ֣ץ˵
ҶһײֱüʦʧȥȻˮ´ʦĴʦ
ŭ֮ʣӦǿĽƳ֣תĿ꣬ʱͭѾǹɿµĽƣޱȵĹֱ˺˽ƣ¶˺ɫС
ģ˳𲻱ĲΪˣ
ʦرҶ˹ϷˣԼһץķŭҪ˴ԵҶ硣
ҶеıʱӵķŭͱΪҶõĵļһɫΣ̺ǿԵʲΡ
ʲβʥҩ֮һӻ˥ϣ쾳ܵʵ磬쾳Ϲܴн׵󲻵ı
Ĵʦˮ´ʦõıֵܸͬߣˮ´ʦõһСؼ׵Ǽ׵̺Ǽ׵ƶʥ޵ļ׵ʻĹ裬׳Ѫ֮
ˣ
ˮ´ʦĴʦѡĹͳ˱
糾ǰˣңҷĺ㲻ݣ
һļʦеŭ𣬶Ҷ羯
ʦܶҲ˽⣬˵ˣȴвҡ֪ᱻвκвҵˣҶк³Ҷ΢΢һЦη˵
㡭ѵ±ֹ׷ɱʦҪҶˣòҶʩѹ
ɱҵ˶ˣȴĺúõءҶɫľУȰòҪŭңȻʦɽұ𡣡

Ҷľ棬ʦɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱ˵ˡ
ΪԣҶӵһʵµ޷ʦҶҲ֤ʦĿ£Ҷ米ʦпܸһѡ
뵽ʦЩڵʱĳ嶯̰ͼҶǣҲͲ䵽㾳ˡ
ʦڰˣҶ¶һ˿м֮ɫѰһĿꡣ
ܿ죬ݵһǿĽУģظӦһݣڵѰҵ߲
ҶԷӦа˳ɰոоֵĽеı߲ƵץȥӲС
߲߲
źɫеıǺڵҪ߲Ҷ¶˵Цݡ
ȻջֵߵıȴûзһʥƼϵҩʱѾȥ˴룬вһ˿ǡ


1200 ͨ
ѵûʥƼϵҩ
ҶüͷԽԽ޷ڱջʥƼϵҩֻ취нˡ
Ĳ٣ҲûʥƼϵҩǾ鷳ˡ
ţ񻨣ǽеı񻨣
Ҷץס޵ʱ䣬ԼӦʱһǿĽзʥƼϵҩ֮һ񻨡
ȷϺҶȷϽо񻨣Ƶץǰ
ʱʦҲһǿĽƹţҶͬһʱ֣ץһǿĽƹš
Ҷͼʦ֣ץסƹʱݵָӦһǿĽƹţɽ֮ǿľĽ൱ҶһĶãͭ
ޱȵͭع£ƹűӲٿҶ缸ͬһʱ䣬õɫС
ͬʱʦҲõһС
ʱʮξɫҺɫҺ̺ЩҺļֵ³׼ʥʥȼ
ȻʮɫҺֵܸߣҶõļȣвٵĲ࣬ľ޷Ტۡ
ŭļʦҶ磬Ҫջʱܴٴˡ
Ϊ֣һзӡһ۴֣׶ߣͨɫСȻ̻ľ
̻ľ꣬壬ϲı֮һ
ӵ̻ľϹ־ͿԺ޹˼ɵĽŵ߾磬屻٣Ҳɽ̻ľ꣬塣
ģ糾ôôã
ʦڲʣŭץ̬£ͳ˱
̻ľȻ󣬵ԶԶ񻨶ҶҪԣԼҵһʥƼϵҩҶ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
糾֪ôѡߴǱıջ񣬿ʶĽŽѡߴرҶ磬ɵип
ȻΪеıҲȨ֧䣬Ҫ˵ľȱˣԼҶѡߴرЩĽˡ
ᣬһᣡ
һʱаʱʱݵһٶȼ죬ԽٵĽƹвһᣬӡĽ᲻һ㡣
ˣ
Ҷ۾⻯˵ץȥһϵмҵĶԳ⣬ǿƿǿĽƣõǱž
ͨ񣡡
͸žУҶ緢ֹžһǿطͨǿطͨ
Ȼһ£ҶȻǿͨһջΪ⣬׼ʱ䣬úò͸һͨ
һλᣬ֪ʲôջ񣡡
ѡ˰˼ҶһΪڴԼĸӦѰһĿꡣ
ȻѰʱҶ緢Ŀ꣬סеĳ嶯ĵصȴ
ʱһʱԽԽҶ׼ĿʱǿһŽƹԼоһϵ١
⣬ѵǹ٣
Ҷ۾һŽƲ̫ǿȴĽƹš
ȻӦһһ٣Ƿ̫飬οյջѾܾˣʱʣ޼գҶƵץסƷӡŹٵĽƹͼᵽС
ҶһŽƹʱһǿ޷ĽƳˣҶƤ»û뵽¶ĺɫռУʧ
ǽʲôôӡ˵Ŀֲ
Ҷû뵽ʱ̣ȿµĽƹţ¶˾֮ɫ
ŴѾѡ꣬ѾûѡĻᣬֻʧ
߰ɷ糾ǳȥ
ߵѡ걦ҶߣƹǶ˴뿪˹˱档
ѡ걦ˣ
ݷ߸оҶͳޱߵ˫Ҷ
Ѿѡ걦ˣҶ˵ͷ˵
ѡıóҼ¼һ¡ݷ׾˵
ǣ
Ҷ˵ͷѡľŴȫȡ˳ڰС
һʥ񻨣ʲΡ̻ľ١߲ͨľ˲ã˲ãѡűǼƷУҲֻˮС׵ܺЩȡҶѡľŴݷҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ˣżﶼˣżöҲ͸㣬ӵö޳һ¡ݷ߼¼˱ҶѡߵľŴ͸һöӲӣǶֵĽ
ллǰҶ罫ŴرԼսǬУм˵
Ӧõģǵý˱ʥǣݷ߻˵
գһ˱ʥҶ˵ͷ֤
ˣ뿪ɣ
˵ſݷֱ˫Ҳûһ˿·һ졣


1201 Ԫŵ
ˣȫϣ˴ԲϣڻлһʢᣬϣҿǰμӡҶ˻صУվʯ̨ϣ
糾ջô
ӰḶ̌ߵҶߣ촽΢̣ʵ
ջܲڵǰҪ߲ҲҵҶŽ΢΢һЦɵøп²һرղصı̫ˣܶ౦쾳ܶۺ죡
߰ɣǻȥ
˵꣬ͯŮһҶͽ̣һ˫˫Ľע£յ˻ϣ뿪ַǷĻ
糾ȲҪˣãҲҪã
ĿҶȥıӰʦ۾͸ŨŨɫ׼˽Ҷڱеջɢȥһ⵽ֹ׷ɱ
糾֪ڱҵ߲𣿡صԺڵЩеʵ
Ҳڱеõһݳʮ߲Ҷ˵ͷӡںɫе߲˳͸鼤ĺڵ
лллл糾߲̫Ҫˣ⿪ӡ򿪺ɫУڵҪ߲ƷԶԶԼĹ¶˼֮ɫ糾ȴҽģ֪ҪʲôֻҪлһ㡣
ǰ֪зѪ֥𣿡
ʥƼϵҩҶֻѪ֥ˣԴ룬ƶ˵ΪҪʥƼϵˡ
ûУҴδڵҡҡͷ˵糾㿴ЩҪ𣿡
˵ţڵԼղȫȡ˳ڰҶѡ
ǰˡҶɨһۺڵղأ΢΢һЦֻҪѪ֥ǰûоˣǰѾҽл֮Ͳˡ
ôУڵ˵ҲԿұѡߡ
ǰպҪǰɷһæҶЦ˵
û⣬պֻҪ㿪ڣϷ԰㣡ڵ붼û룬һڴӦˣ߲һҪر㽻ףԼõġ
ǰѰ߲ǲΪҶԺڵкøУתƻ
ڵ˵ͷϷͻ쾳ʱ췣شһֱԽԽأֻлԪŵ
ǰŵù£ԪŵˣǰٸлҰɣҶ
糾ĺܶƢڵЦһһоͰˣ۳ɰܣϷ򶼻л㡣
İǰа˳ɰգǰƳԪŵҶ΢΢һЦŵ˵
˵꣬ҶƻԪŵʮݣص˷䣬Ϣһᣬ״̬ѣϤһʮݵҩԣٻȸֱһͶ뵽ȸУʥʼᴿ
ʥʥ𣬻󣬲һʱ䣬ͽʮȫᴿʮξϾҺȼյȸС

ᴿҶһ֮ϵһ̺֮ĵƣڽ۵ĵҩУŻԪŵƷʡ
Ҫģ糾Ǵ˴һʥƳˣƹŵʧܵġȴĵգڵɫţο
ţ
ڵصص˵ͷ
Ԫŵ˵ΪҪѾѹƲסһɷˣ򱩱Ҷ˴ֱӾ
ںڵڽеȴʱյͻȻˣҶ˳
⣡
Ҷôʹ˳ڵĵ뵽˵͹ȣ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
첻Ҷ
ڵΪƻԪŵݣķ˼Ѫ߲ҩҲһ꣬Ҷʧܣζеϣˡ
糾ʧˣ
յɴ۾ŵ˵
ȻҶģҶʱ̫ˣʱҲоҶʧˡ
ŵûƳҶ翴ŵյʧı飬΢΢һЦƳһ׼ʥ
˵ţҶ罫ոƳﵽ׼ʥȼİƻԪŵ˳ݸ˺ڵ
Ҷ֮˿ƳԪŵӲƷ׼ʥȼǷʥڷʥ𳬳½޵£ԽӳҶܿɹݵҩӵ¡
׼ʥȼĻԪŵ
ڵҶУɢŨŨҩĻԪŵȫɵˡ
ڵɵˣյҲɵˡ
Ƿ֣ղҶǿˣˮԷס
лл糾ҴϷûպкβǲ˵۵˭Ҷ㲢սڵĵĸм
ǰˣպҪǰæĵطҶ΢΢һЦ
糾һ洫Ѷ̣鷳⴫Ѷϵ۶ԶǶڵһʱȥóһ洫Ѷ͸Ҷ磬ҶҲԼϵʽ˵ա
ʱڵóһ׼ʥӲҶ磬мæ
ߣˣȥף£һ磬ǾҪ뿪ˣõĵ
ǰǲ׼μ𣿡Ҷʵ
ĸˣ̫ϲ֣ǻҪ̫ޣ뿪ˣ˵
糾Ҫˣһ½һҪֵСģ
վҪҶֿ̲˵
̣ǰú޵ʱȥ㣡ҶĿ͵ؿ˵
ţΪǵĳŵһúеģ̵˵ͷĵ˵
ˣֲǺֻܿˣЦ˵ߣȾȥǲ顣


1202 ˮ̵Ұ
Ϧ£һʧߣֽԶȥҹ֮ȻȴַǷ
̤ϦɫǹͦΣȵҶһǰ˻μϯ
ˣһʹŽ뿪˻ǣһҲ뿪ˣ춼ǡ
ȻʵҶͽ̶δ춼ǣΪҶͽ̳ɫıֱ֣ӽΪ˾춼ǵĹģҲƱظĽš
糾ˣ
Ҷڲְб£װһĻʱۣͷڣ̤ѥȲħӻ˳̬ŵĺܵͣӭ
ħүã
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
糾ҿԼ˺üΣ㶼ûʱ䣬ҪҺúúȼħе˵ˣҲˣ㣬ǽȥɡ
ãүȼҶ˵ͷħ߽Ʈƹҫ죬һĻС
̣糾ˣ
һȣڷһŹľİ㳡ħ˺ѣˮ
ҲҲҪôջ󣡡
ԶԶɫɴСȹ磬ѩ׺󱳣ɢջˮ̣Ҷ鲻ԽĹһ£۾ԾƮ˹ȥ
ˮ̵̫ɴȹϣµӳеʮħ
ϵıɴȹ̫ˣոס̵ͦСƨɣֱ޳覴õ˫ȫ¶ڿУ͹Ľҩһ㣬ΧԵ
Ҷ絽ˮһһĺ촽΢΢һ̣¶һĨ˵Ļȣ˵˹
ôʶˣ
ˮգĵĴ۾ĿЩҶ磬΢΢һЦ˵
̣ûҪôԸаɣҶЦ˵
ôԭͲԸˣˮϵЦݸŨĵ˵ʵҽ촩Ϊ㡣
ΪңҶԾ˵
Ϊջ㣡ˮ¶˲Цݵôио𣿡

糾ͺģһȾƣ
оҶˮ̹ϵ򵥣ħаϲʮ֪Ȥ߿ˡ
̣ȥݷȺͱĻᣡҶЩֿסˮ̵ͱ˵񣬾Ѹ뿪
ðҾȥұ죬ֱڿ죬˵͸¶һЩܣˮһԶҶģþ֪޴½ĴУ㱳ûǿ޷ʦ˵ǻô
вҡ
ˮ̴Ҷ۾͸һ˿֮ɫͣ˽Ų
԰в㣡ˮҶŭ񣬻ż⣬˵ĺ촽ĶߵҶ磬˵ˣҿϵˣҳԶˡ
ˮ̺ҶľٶһҪ£ҶǬɭüͷɣȻ뵽˼ջҶ硣
ˮ̣㵽Ҷסеջ
Ҫ㰡ˮ³һҶߵ
ˮ̣˵ʵĿİɣҪְϷˡҶˮ̵Ļ˵
Ҷ磬ĺûȤˮ̰Ĵİһ۵֪Ŀģ͸ɡ
˵ţˮץҶĴ֣һ˫˫ĽĿע£˻һľĻ԰С
ڣԽʵĿ˵˰ɣҶ˦ˮ̰۹⻬С֣ʵ
Ҷ磬ѵҲƯǲԸУΪʲôҸоôأȻҶ˦ֵľٶЩʧ񣬵ˮ̲
ΪĿ̫ǿҲòˣҶӭˮ̵۾̹Ȼ˵
㻹Ǻ˽ңˮ̽ЦһˣҲ㶵ȦˣҪİ֪Ը𣿡
ˮ̣ǲ̫ˣûκαΰ㣡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ
ԭȷʵ޷ﵽңʱͬգ˫ϹھӰͺʮֲֿԸ⣬кܶΪЧͣҰҲ벻ϧ£㡣͵գǹϵȫ԰ﵽң
ˮһ˫һ۲תҶ
ҪҰʲôæҶһ
ܼ򵥣ҪʱȥҸףȢңˮһʢĽõ壬Ц绨˵
ʲôⲻܣ
Ҷ붼û룬һڷ
ûʲôܣȻҶܾĺܳףˮȻ˵㹻ĳ㡣
˵ĳɣҶˮ̻˼һµ
ҵĵһ룬Զıܣҵĵڶ룬ҵ壡ҵĵ룬һ죬ϰ֮λʱĴУ
ˮ̻˵͸ޱǿҰģҶ綼΢΢Щݡ


1203 ˮ̱ƻ
ˮ̣òҰ֮λɣ
Ҷû뵽ˮҰ˵Ĵ󣬾ȻŮʡ
˵ǣԸ𣿡ˮգƯĴ۾ֱҶ磬˵
ˮ̣ǲ̫ˣƾһСôλҶҡҡͷ˵ҰӦ㸸װɣҪƷ㸸ף
ȻҸףҲɱĸĳˣĸһ̣ҾͰģӵеһС
УҵŮֻǽĹߣΪʵ׼Ҽ޸ٽĶӡˮƯ۾¶һ˿֮ɫ
㲻޸ٽĶӣ㸸ףҶüͷ˵
˫ϹھģҸףһӦġˮ̵˵ͷҲ㣬еϲ㣬ҵ㣡
ôţһȥףҶ翴ˮƯ
Ҷ磬ȢңֻкôûлȢңһ뾡һа취ԴʵҸӵҪһУ˲òϣӵе𣿡ˮ̬˵˵
ˮ̣ҴˣҶҡҡͷίľܾ
Ҷ磬֪һŮ˾ʱôᷢ裬ʧȥǣ᲻һеȥƻı·Ҳһƻһõ㡣ˮ̻˵͸˾Ȼζ
׼в𣿡Ҷüͷ壬ʵ
Ҷ磬㶼ҵΪʲôҪں㣡ӭҶŭĿ⣬ˮη˵
ˮ̣Ҳǲ㣬İﲻˡ
뵽Լع³Ҷһֱˮסĸоε̾Ϣһ
ܰﵽңڲԸˮ۾͸һ˿֮ɫҲµûĿģһĿ˺ţһĿն崫аɡ
ǶԼʵгǿţ£
ˮ̣Ȱ㲻Ҫңû
Ҷû뵽ˮ̲µԼܶܣͱ˸е˼֡
Ҷ磬ô벻ףȢңҷĻᾡԼŬ㡣
ˮ̿ҶһپܾԼıܴЩ˵
ˮ̣ѾýȢӣûȢ㣡ҶȻܾˮ̵ĻȴеĶ
ҶģȢңҲôֻ¶ˮޣȡ裬гһշǾնһйϵǣ㣡ˮ̱֤
⡭
Ҷ磬һ£ɱ𣿡ˮʧȥģӭҶ۾
Ӧòᡣ
Ҷ翴ˮƯ뵽Լİҡҡͷ̹ϵ˵
Ҿ֪᲻ɱң㲻ɱң㽫ʧȥкּۻ۵ĳ룡ˮ˵ĺ촽΢΢̣¶һĻȵ죬ұҪһĴ𰸣Ȼھȥ棬еܹȥкܶ˺뿴̳׷ɱһ̳֡
ˮ̣Ҫɱ㡣ҶЩջľ
ðɱɱɣһСŮӣǲỹֵģ
˵꣬ˮһٻӰ޳˫ȣɫ˵Ļ԰ȥ
ȵȡ
޷ɱˮ̵£ҶЭˣһץסĸ첲
ôͨˣˮ̻תɫĵʵ
̣Һúÿһ𣿡Ҷ̾Ϣһɬ˵
ãҾ͸㼸ʱǣһĴ𸴣ȻǾƣˮ¶ʤߵЦ˵
ܶ޼𣿡Ҷε˵
أˮ§סҶĸ첲ĸ첲ѹЦ˵ˣҪôˣ֪жҪȢңж˻Ľ㡣
Ҷˮ˽ʱеʢѾʼˡ
糾ȥˣ
ϯϵһҶδ֣üͷ΢΢һ壬ѯߵĴͥ
糾Ͱˮȥ԰ˣͥеľƱǵĹϵе
ˮ̡û뵽СһŮԵôã¶˵Цݵ
˵֮ʣֹҶˮ̳ˣʱĿ⡣
糾λߣ
Ҷ֣ͥ˹ˮҲ§ĸ첲һҸ˹ȥһͬϯϡ
糾ǡ
Ŷľٶ۾͸˵ɫʵ
Ǹոȷ˹ϵ糾ѾӦȥҸףδҶ˵۵ˮȿڵ
ˮ̻䣬ϯ˵ĿˢˢͶ˱ЩȻҶ硣
Уħ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫû뵽ˮֶô̶һṦ򣬾շҶ硣
ģ
ЩʵӡУҶ粻ˡ
ҺͺʶϵһֱܺãҶȻջ𣬵ȴҷֻӲͷƤģɵ˵
ҶĻش𣬲Ҫ£ʵˣħȴ¶ЦݣҶ£߰ʵӰ
糾ǣһȼ
۹Ҷˮ֮Ĺϵ򵥣ҲûиεʣƵƵٱ
ʱʮɴŮӳ֣ھ趯ԸеˣҲƺŮ̼£ԽԽߡ


1204 ҶЭ
糾Ҳȥɣ
²˲ƣɫ޵ˮ̺ؿһҶ磬ķԣӲ
ˮ̣㵽ҪʲôҶɫĴʵ
Ҿ谡ˮЦŴӦ߰ɣҽãҪɨҵ£Ȼҿܻ˵

ˮһвһӲʩק£Ҷ类ˮʮŮм䡣
̣Ĳ裡ҶЩĵ˵
ûϵֻҪվžСˮż⣬⽫Ըеĺ촽Ҷߣ³һ˵
˵ţˮ̹һЦһֻŮߣֱӲҶ硣
һ󵨱ŵľٶȫڳĿɿڴ
ˮϵ·̫ʵ˫廮ҶؿʱҶظо̵ͦܵĽӴҶвһ˿ܡ
׼㣡
޵ˮ¶˹֮ɫţһļϸƯһΣϵ趯ԸеӣҶ壬ȫϸ
ˮ̣˵ģ
ˮ̵̹Ľ˷㣬ԵģҶֻеĻðС
磬ͲˣҲŸտʼأˮ˿˵趯ĸӵķ
ͻȻˮ޳˫ȽزҶǿ׳֫ϣͷҶת˫岻ҶǰٻȥƷһ㡣
ˮ̣ͣ
ҶҲһѪյСˮ̵ջıԵĿ˵
磬벻Ҫң
ˮ˵֫΢΢ӣҶؿϣ촽Ҷߣ˵ʵ
ˮ̣Ȱ㲻Ҫٱңƣ
Ҷµˮ̴˾˿ģĿҪǵĿڣ֮Ĺϵɢȥٽġ
Ҷ磬̫ûȤˣˮҧһҶĶⲻϲ㣬ɷһˣĴ⣬뿪
ӮˣҪҴӦԼĳŵ
Ҷ֪ԼûѡһԼع⣬ʮأӰԼļƻ֮£Эˡ
Ҿ֪Ӧģ
˵ţɫ޵ˮ̣Χ񣬺ݺݵһҶգ뿪Ҷ壬һֻĿȸת뿪ˡ
ոյһĻ̫ˣˮˣҶҲô뿪
ͻȻŮֿҶ磬Χ壬ŤԸеӣ趯ʱһɹ˵Ʈɢ˳ϵҶȥ
СҶ練ӦͻȻһ˿ɣ˶ʱ
ಡ
ĵ̶ƿŮвԼͬƻǿĻ飬Ҷ硣
ã
û뵽Ӱɱֵ֮ӰսʱǱǣƤӵ´ɱҶ磬ϳ־Ԯ
Ůɱʱץ̫ã˿ŻĹٶּ죬޷һʱҶ绯Σ
䣡
һ޴ı
ɽıըֱӽҶˣƻ塣
׷
ؼʱҶٻ˱׼ʥףסӣֵĿԱĹ
סһǿĹҶӱǿĵ֮Ҫ˺ƻ籩
ʱ¶ݵӰɱͻȻ˻籩УҶͻΧĻᡣ
һ̣ͻȻԱ壬ǵҶ緢ɱ
׵ķȻ£ȻδܵסӰɱֵԱϵҶ塣
㹻ǿ󣬳סܵˡ
ʱһֱִֻ˺ѿҵĻ籩ǿиҶΧĿռ䣬ӻ籩ץ˳
ţһڲƵĴӣӲѹƻĻ籩
糾ô
ףѪҶ磬ɫѿĵʵ
û£ϢգҵӦþȬɫ԰׵Ҷ绺˵
ˣԶֵᣬ֮թˣǸոһĻ̫ˣҪ뿪
ȫڼ䣬һʱ䣬ڻ˰ɣ쾳Ҳ˺ֺǸŵ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ˵
ϣͷ糾ȥ磡
˵ţôͥҶǰ˻磬ʰо֡
ܿ죬ոջַǷĻŲͬ뿪ˡ
ħ뿪ʱŵӰҶʱӭ
ɱ¼ٴηĻֻ˭˴δɱҶɱӰɱ֣˵֪


1205 
糾ŵҩٷ£ƻָкô
һռĹУͥóһɫɢŨŨҩ͸Ҷ硣
ллϣ
Ҷл
糾ú˰ɣҪʱңͥһſϵԼĴѶ飬Ҫ뿪
ϣһһڵǰĹԺУǰɷչˣ
Ҷû뵽ջᷢȱʣҲ׼عԺˣˣܼŮӽ
û⣡
ͥʮʹشӦˣȥܼŮӡ
ͥ뿪Ҷڳľв˸ƣָơ
Ʒʴﵽ˼Ʒָǿټ֮鲻ϴ֮ڽҶ壬һʱ䣬Ҷͻָƣóһö򣬽Ե˱ʥӡС
ʱһȥμӣĦĸȺ뿪˻ǣֵĻҲ
ǵ뿪糾ˣø֪˴һ֮ţƳʥʥѹʥʦ˫Ϲھ
˾ҶҲ˼ʣ£Ҷʧܣ˹⽫Ҷջͨɢ˳ȥһžʯȻ󲨡
ľʲΣ̻ľʥһֵ޷ıҶֱƵ˵˼ϣúܷܶ׷׳أڻΧ˴ߣȴҶɱϵı
ҶΪΪһ󽹵㣬ϮӰֳֶΪһ󽹵㡣
ӰȻɱ֮֯һŷɥη̫޷󣬺ܶϹָԸΪ
ı£Ӱֶ汻Ӱ⵽ش
ΪҶ磬뵽֮ʱҶȴһе͸ӵص
ݲ͸£ҶصԽԽһĵӡУص⡣
ڣҶ粻߲ݵĲ͸ʮʱ䣬ݳص⣬һٵصƣ۳µصͼ
ڽصͼԲˣ
Ҷ糤һŵ֮ܶصսǬУϢһ£ûͨɢ˸ƣ硣
оҶˣڻȴӦˣڵһʱ֡
糾ûʲô˰ɣĵʵ
ллģҵѾȬˣҶ΢΢һЦ⼸ӡ̵İ˱ʥԼ¡
üˣŵù㣡˵糾ڵ״̬ɷˡ
û⣡Ҷԥ˵
ã
˵꣬Ҷ˻һƬȼźɫĻУڻ𺣵룬һ׸ߵᾹʯʯͷϥһ׷ߡ
׷رĿݷһûһ˿·һ㣬ҶԶԶʱȴоϵз·̲һ嫵
̫ϳϣ糾ѾȬҽˣ
ںɫ֮Уһİ׷ؾһ˵
ˣ
ܰİ׷ͻȻ˫۵˲䣬ȼյĻ˲ð类ѹƵ˰¡
һ̣׷߹ʧᾹʯϣգ֮Ҷǰ
糾ǲȥ޴½
׷߻ǵ˫Ҷ磬׾˵
š
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽׷߼Լĵһ仰漰޴½
㲻ҪţҲҪ£ûж⣬ֻ֤ʵһ¶ѣ׷߲׽Ҷ仯Ƶ¶˵Цݣǰðɡ
ǰ㡭
Ҷͫ΢ˡ
û뵽׷߲ᵽ޴½ἰԺͷ
ǰǰʶ
סĵ𾪣ҶӭŰ׷Ŀ
ǰ׷üͷ΢΢һ壬Щ˵ǰʦ
ȷʵʶǰʦ
뵽ݺ崫УҶ罫ϵһһЩ²⣬ʵ˵
½ȻԻϷеˡ׷˵֪ǰ𣿡
ǰܺãǰҪǰȥ޴½һۣҶ罫֮ظ˰׷ߡ
ллҶȥݷǰ׷¶һ˿м֮ɫû׷Ҷܡ
糾ǽԭѾ˵˰ɣ׷еķͰؿҶ
Ѿ˵ˣҶ˵ͷ˵
ǾͺãҪҩƷʵĵʮʥ۳ɰл㣡׷˵
İǰȻѾӦһ߾ܣʮʥҶ˵ͷ֤
ãȥػߣ׼
˵꣬׷ߴҶ磬뿪˻磬뵽֮һľػС


1206 ðյľٴ
Сּˣ
ȼܻľػߣһɫۣӵһͷɫͷ߳ǰ˵
ǰǣ
ǰĺ췢İףҶüͷ΢΢һ壬벻Լ
ǵػߵõǿʥǿʥϷӾػǵĽɫõǸĻϻ˵
ǰǾػߵ飡ҶʱµϵݣҲ֤ʵ˵ʱĲ²⣬ǿʥǱ˹ġ
Ǿػߵ飬ԳƺΪϣϵ˵ͷ
߰ɣҴȥػߣʱһػеĻ
˵ָ꣬һ㣬һݹػߵĺɫֱ֣ͨ쵽˻ߵľͷ
Ҷ˴Խɫͨ뵽ȼźڰɫ棬¶ȼߣڻһƷľػʱƵѵȴ
Ƶͷ⣬زرʵɲĿݷҲھػС
ΪʮʥʥʦȫȻҪƵʮʥ˵ش
Ҷһһݼ˿ݷߵ˺һöӡݸҶ糾о׼ƵԡϤһµϤҩݡ
ã
Ҷӹͷ͸˽ȥٵԡĵ
ԡƷʥĹЧԪľĴܣϻͯԪ
ԡЧʮ棬Ҳ󣬳Ƴʮʥʮµԡ̺ǿĵԡ֮ϻͯظãӰʵ
ʮǰԹԡҲ˴˵ǵʱѾǧ࣬ƳԡûҷãǽһԪ쾳ܡ
ܷԡȻ˷ϻͯһԪܵԡӰ죬ʵۿۣ䵽˾и޷Ĵˣ̫ųؾʱ췣С
š
ҶԡʱͻȻֳһԡĵĵȫͬҩ
λǰԡĵǴӺδģ𣿡Ҷ˽յ˫ʵ
ôⵤ⣿ЩؿҶ磬ʵ
ûǴʦҲһԡĵʦҵĵŵζҩ
԰ӵкܶ޷ĴУȽŵҶиֵĵӦģĵǲȱġ
ζҩ
໥һۣæʵ
Ѫ߲ʳݣӣҶ絭˵
ô
׷Բԣ׷ͯյ̫ϳĦҶ˵ζҩ˵
ԡݶһǧ꣬ʵڲ÷ֱ档ɫص˵
֪ԭǷƹԡɫأдˣҶ翪ʵ
ʮǰƹһԡһʮգеĲ˼£ɹ˵٣ƳԡǴǽƳԡʱȷʵɣյԡвȱʵ˵
֪Ҹո˵ζҩ𣿡
ҶӼţиֵĵԡĵ
糾˵ݣղأȷʵðգһԥ˵
֪ʮԡʮԡ𣿡Ҷ˼һʵ
ܴԡ̫࣬ʹõҩ̺ĵֻƳʮԡŲҲִʮƵԭܽԡƵƷʣԡʱпܳ⣡˵
ȻҾֵðҶ˵ȻҩƷʣǲȱĵҲΪţʦҵĵû⣬ǲ֪λǰð𣿡
糾·ͬСɣɷ£Ҳţ׼¡
ˣͬ糾Ļֵð̫ϳ˵
ʵз糾ƳʮԡļҲֻһɣǲһΣ糾ʦյԡƳʮԡļʽر̫ϳص˵ͷ͵
Ȼλ̫ϳû飬ȥȡ糾˵ݣ
Ҳǹ֮ˣѸ뿪˾ػߣȥҩȡȥˡ
뿪ʱԡһǧ˳ҶϤЩݵҩԡ
һṦѪݻˣȴҶȫϤһǧݵҩԡ
Ҷһðյľٴ룬ܷ漣


1207 
ԡƷʥеļƷʱ伫糾һҪó׼
ͻͷҶ磬֣ص˵һСƿػҺ
İǰһܼ
Ҷһĵı֤кһڻػҺԱʱ֮衣
ϣ鷳ˣ
ҶϤҩԣûٵʱ䣬žػߵϵ˵ͷ˵
Ӧõģ
˵꣬ӳĿĺ⣬žػпʥĺڰ׻ȼһ̻žŵƣһռ֮ͷų׾֮춦ڻиֳͷ
춦Ǿػߵı࣬ҲǾػߵ֮Դʥ
ÿµ¯¯Ʒף³ҩ͵ʥ𶦣
žʥ̺Ҷ۾б˵⣬пĵ̣ղƷʥ¯

ٻʥ˳ɽĶǣʱһɿ񱩵Ļ֮ھʥɽһ㡣
糾һǧУΪϡ٣ͽᴿˣʣԵݽᴿǷֹȷȫᴿ֮һһҶ磬
ã
Ҷ˵ͷٵؼסʮݣ׼ʼᴿ
ˣҰշֹ׼£һʱ󣬿ʼһɫص˵
أѾ˽ʮ꣬Ԫɺԣ˴ԡΪǶƵģ˵˴ɰֱӹغǵˡ
һԪܼʱһȫл쾳ޣʱǾͿɷĵ
һʱת˲ţʱһĬĬϢҶ˷׷۾ڰУ̺Ź֮ľʥ
ʼ
һһŰɫɳ壬һȼյĻû뵽˾ʥС
ٻŰɫ棬ǺųһʥĹʥ𣬼ﵽʥȼ
ʥ뵽ʥУʥ̻ľŵʥȫڻϵĿ£ػеĺڰ׻ڽŵʥУŹʥ
ȥ
ʥеĻﵽޣһ˦ݷɳӣɽȼյʥС
ʱḻҶˣҪѣ׷ͷǿĻע뵽˾ʥУٿžʥĹʥ𣬰շ䣬һݽᴿ
ʥĻ¶̫ߣգ֮䣬һݾͿήڻˣʱͨĿػһεͬԵľҺںһ𣬽ʥ𣬷ʽᴿ
ʱһɹŨҩھػƮ
һʱҶ˳ɹһݽᴿֽͶ뵽˾ʥУᴿ
žػеҩԽԽ࣬ɫҲԽԽأʱ˿̣ǲһ˿ģоһݽᴿзֺĲ
ԼʱһǧȫᴿɹҶ£໥Ľһ
ᴿ˳һѸٷ˺еĻػҺָĵʼؼҲѵ̡
ⰵĴ򣬿ʼںϾҺ塣
ľҺҺҺҺˮҺҺҺںϡ
ָ£һžҺںһƮҩŨˡ
һԺеľҺһȭͷСĵҩΡ
ʼƣ
Һںϣһһ𣬿ʼһµĵƣ͸ʥڽҩС
֮ڣ
Ҷʱ֮鲻ϵش֮ڽҩУҺҩԣŵҩƷʡ
Ҳʱػеĺڰ׻棬ڽʥУӴʥĻӿٶȡ
ҶȻǿ󣬵ʱǿȻЩģӵ㹻ĻػҺڻػҺָ£Ҷĵϻָҧؿļ֡
꣡
ٵʱʮʱϱں˴֮ԡͻȻѿһѺۡ
ѺԽԽʥԽԽ࣬ԡѳ룬ԡ
һʣϲ֪ԡôѣҶ̺֮ĵܲɷ֡
ԡѳţѶȣҶֻһĶãֻͬʱµĵƣԡС
Ҷ˲ϧ£εԡгѵĵơ
ŵƵĳ֣ԡƷԽԽߣѶҲԽԽ
ڣҶʮʱԡ˵ƣ޾ƴ˷ӿסĵ⣬ھػ֮ϣ㼯˺Ľơ
׵ڽ˸ĩһ㡣


1208 ̺֮ĵ
ϣػߣԡϢӻٽµʱ䣡
Ȼ赤ϴҩƷʸѣڵķ̫󣬼׳һЩ΢С©
ԡȵҩκ΢СĲܵʧܣûȫվػߣռ䣬ȡʱ䣬ԡƷʡ
֮飬ٴ֮
ʱҶ粻ϧĿ֮Ĵ֮һУʥ
˼£ԡг˵ơ
Ȼ糾ʦҩģ
Ƴ֣֪ԼĶˣŵˣжҶ˸мʮæ
ûĵ֪ŬҲܽԡƷʡ
ϣػܷӡÿռ䣬õٽ£ƣϣѯʵ
ԡƷԽԽߣӡѶҲӦԽԽ󣬾ֻܹӻʱ䡣ص˵
ʱӦÿԽԡƷʣһ£
ȫƣڵٽǰԡƷʣһСڻػҺָĵһһеܼӿƵٶȡ
ԡϢȻϽػߵǿиػ֮ϵĽȴԽԽ񣬵ԽԽǿ糱ϫӿȣٵػ㼯µǶ˾޴ѹ
׷ʲôˣʲôôڻжɽ٣
ܶ಻ĻǾ񣬿оҷɺĽƣɫ䣬۷׷ס
Ӧò˶ɽ٣ھػ
ػѵǵǣ֪ҪʲôƷʵĵҩȻ˿ֲĵ٣
ҵĽƣǾ˷˶ڽֵϣҪĿõٽĵһĻ
ߵƣڰ˵Ӧò࣬ʣƣҪڻ𵤽ˣ
оػ߽ƲԽԽ˲µԡĵپһ㣬ɫԽأɰһ
ڰ˵ƣ
ٽʱҶ˳ɹڰ˵ƣʱػ߽ƳܲסԽԽǿĵѹȣݺύѺۡ
ػߵĽƷӡҪˣ׼ãһϴ񡣡
絤ٻ۵ʱһٵºܴ󣬲һᾡȫٵҲҪӭӵٵ׼ϳص˶
ãϣػ߽ưɡ
׼׷ǿĵͼٻʥ׼ǿлһٵĹ
¡¡
ʧӴıը쳹ʣʵõĻǾɿֲŵ˫ȷһƨ˵ϡ
ʱ䣬ﵽֲĵ٣һͷŭĿƿɺĽƣ°˾ʥҪʥУﵽ˵ƣӦԡ
ػߣ湥
˽ɱ쾳ܵĵٽʱƾػߵӭȥ
޾Ļ㼯һ𣬻һŻ߿ռ䣬ŵٵ
ʱĵ˻ϵŭĵٴݿһ˺žػߣĺ˾ʥ
ã
û뵽ԡĵ˵Ŀ£˺˾ػߵ׷ٻһʥſռ䣬ǿٵ
ٻʥȻȼߣ̺صʱ˿̣ȫǣֻܷӸʥһҹ
գ֮䣬ٻʥͱµĵٺ俪ʣĳĵٺݺݵغ˾ʥҪӦİԡƻ
֮ÿµ֮
ٽµ˲䣬Ҷĸ֪ڵио֮ԥһ£᲻ɴݵĽٻ˳˾ʥϣԼֵ֮Ĺ
¡¡
ĳĵٺڽϣٵĽܵµĵ⵽ܵĵֵ̺Ĺֱ½ʣɶ͸ʥ˶С
٣
˾һҶ磬ʱ˿̣ݲǷģǲϵһʥƣ٣ԡƷʡ
һٱĺ⣬ҷĽֲϽһµĵ١
һͷ˴֮ܵʹýĵ½˺ܺõؿס˵ٵһĵٲϵԡ
ڣ˳ž޴ѹڵٷĹ£˰ʱ䣬ڽԡƵƷʣһﵽԲʮơ
ԡƷʴﵽƣٵҲ֮ǲϱǵ֮˴в
ʱϳܵٹĽܣ̺Ҳʣ޼˵ĴٴαΣ


1209 һ֮
λ̫ϳϣٵ̫죬֮ѾЧĿƵˣ̬չȥпܳ⣬ǿгɵɣ
ϵ¶һĨ԰ףž޴ѹѯλ̫ϳϡ
ǿгɵ
ʱѾʮԡϣȷʵѾƲסˣǿȥžԡпܱƻ
ŵùңԡһƣȫ٣ܽٵƵңҶһͻȻ˵
У̫ðˣ
ҡҡͷһڷʱ̣Ǹðգ⹦һ
λǰֻһʮԡôǲ̫źˣҶ˵
糾Ǳ뽫ԡʮƣʧܵĺʵڳе𣡡һص˵
λǰܺܺõؿƵоųɰգɶһƳʮԡ
Ҷ֪ԡ壬һ飬ᶨ˵
ġ
ص˲ŵؿҶ硣
ţʱҾȴ¿ЦаƳʮԡҶ˵ͷ֣ص˵
ǺãǾͽеϣˣϣٴ漣
ȻעƳɹʲߣЩҶŴ漣֤֮ټĵı֤¶ģһΡ
֮ͥһҧֹͣƣȻЩģƣҪĿҶʩչεͬʱžԡ

ҶһеĻػҺȫ̵˶У˫ˮ㲻ϵشһõʥƣٵڽʥС
Ҷһʥƿ£ȼյĹʥγУֱӽŵƣϽܵϴԡˡ
ʲôַ
Ŀʥ¯еĻ仯ˣµַǲҪ˵û
ֹͣƣȫ٣ܽٵƵɣ˼ؿһ۸𺳵Ҷ磬һ
˴ʥʧҶеѹŲϽܵϴԡһ˿궯ʧصļ
ۣ
ʱҶھѪʥУѪҺ֮ǿа궯ԡ
ʱˣģһʥӵ£ȫ˾ػߵĿռ䣬ͨһİ룬ŭһĵɡ
ϣӴʥеĻ
ʥƵҶһĶãžػߵϴ
ãϷˣ
ϵ˵ͷƺڰ׻ڽʥУϵʥĻ
Լһʱ䣬ԡ궯Ҷ˾޴ѹ
ϣٴʥǣ
ҶһҧŻ
ʲô
Ҷһæˡ
ϣȫ糾Сѵģʥǣ
Ȼ벻ͨҩδɵǰҶΪοʥǣʱ˿̣ݲǶ룬˵
ã
һ˹̵ʥǣɴĻھʥð˳
ʱ궯ԡҲҪ治ðĹʥʥһδεԡʥմȾĿı
˵ЩɤʱľɳҶ壬ֱû뵽ȼյľʥУѹ궯ԡ
ظǣ
ľɹ뵽ʥУҶ󺰵
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һصʥºˣȻƺڰ׻ڽʥУҶѹ
˻ľѹԡ࣬ҶѹҲ֮˲٣һں֮ʥƣԡ
ԡ̫ҶǿĻٵţܿ죬һƿػҺȸˡ
ʱ˼ʱĻػҺУָĵ
أʱֹȥ졣
ҶϵŬɹŵʥƣֻʮԡˡ
ͣһҪɹ
Ҷ粻ϲ壬һᵽɤۣǿɫԽԽ԰ףûһ˿Ѫɫ˹ž޲ģǱޱȵĽţͷð˴ĺˮ
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ʱɵĽ˴Ļǵľ޴ƿٵػһƿģһ֮˴ƬƬգֱӹᴩ˾ػߡ


1210 
ǣ
һٻ𹥻£ǿнƵľػ߿ռٴα˺ѣµĵĺ˷ռһʥھػޱߵľˡ
һٵֲ̫ԶԶ˵󣬽һ˲䣬ҵĵ˺ʥߣ˾ʥҪʱ̣ƻԡ
ã
ɫ䣬׷ͷǿĵй
ٵĹٶ̫죬ͷŵĵֻſµɵٺ˾ʥС
ۣ
ڿµĵûʥʱҶ粻ϵһڿѪڽһѵʥУԡС
䣡
һ޴ıھʥ𣬾ʥҲ
˵ģҲһ̣뵽˵͹ȡ
û뵽ĵҶûʧԼδܿƺõٵʱ̹һ
ھʥԽԽ죬ԡ⵽ʱҶƻľɵ٣ܽ͵ٵ
ڣڻľ£ԡûбҵĵƻҶɹһ١
ûб⵽˿ֲĵٹԡȻû£
˱Ѿ뵽УʥеʧǾϲķ֣ԡڣҾʮʥƣʣһ㡣
ǵٻ𹥻£ԡܵһЩˣѿ˵Ѻۡ
֮飬޸
Ҷ粻ģ֮һʥУ޸ԡֵѺۡ
ֹ˴Լһʱ䣬Ҷʶģټʱ˵ʮʥƣ֮飬ԡѺȫ޸ˡ
ۣ
ټ޵Ҷ磬ϵѪڽ˾ʥУʩչѪɹʮԡ
أ
ɵ˲䣬ɺԵҶ羫һɣ˫һڣֱӻ˹ȥ

Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһ죬һ£߸
һӳҶյƤϣҶڻлѡ
繫ӣ
Ҷ۾һ˲䣬һϲĶС
ţһɫȹںڵĳɢ˫磬Ƥţ̰ϸ壬پ£ӵһ˫Դ۾¶СѵŮӳǰ
ǣ
ȹŮİףҶ̫Ѩʵ
ҽ棬үүȹŮգƯĴ۾ݵؿҶ˵
ԭС㡣Ҷ˵
Сƺҿɵ𣬷磬Ķˣ粻У˵
Ǻã棬֪һ˯˼գҶЦЦʵ
磬͸֧أ˯ҹ˵
ҹôã
Ҷû뵽Լôã͸֧Ҳõ˺ôǾָ
磬Ϣ£ȥ֪ͨүүǣ
˵꣬ãÿɰһһˡ
һṦأһͬҶ˵ķ䡣
糾ˣûǲƳʮԡĶʵ̫ˣ˷ĵĸм
˵ûҶ磬ûʮԡûԡ˰ھͻʱʵ½ܿһϵбʡ
ҶˣĶ飬Ǿ֮
λǰ̫ˣҲպҪæĵطҶ΢΢һЦ˵
糾֪ûȤϣĿͰؿҶʵ
Ը⣡
Ҷ붼ûУһڴӦ
֮ԴӦʹ죬ΪϤݵ⣬ҶΪϣľʱκԸ͵ڶԸ
ʱͷ˽޹˼Ϊͷ
οӴԴΪϣܽԴܶ顣
ȹ죬Ѹ£Ϊ֮£
ҶӦãЦ˵
˷糾ôæ֪ҪʲôֻҪ˵Ǿ㣡ر̫ϳ˵
ǰ֪һȥһα£ѡ𣿡
ҶԱʱֵ̳ſµĽ֪ǵʲô
棬ǲȥѡжǾһε棬׼ѡɡһ£˵
ллҶһϲмλǰǰæҼݣ
ʲôݣʵ
һֵҩҪ٣񻨣Ѫ֥ҩҪһЩƷ쾧֪𣿡Ҷεʵ
糾Ҫ⼸ݣֵɲͰƷ쾧ҵǿһٿšЦ˵ȵȣȥ飬ҩУҲ͸㡣
ллҶм˵
һṦȥлһöɫǬָ
糾Ҫݣ̫ϡ٣˷Ѫ֥Ƕղء
˵ţǬָ͸Ҷ硣
ȻҶֵõ˽һʥƼϵҩҪķѪ֥ȴûУЩź


1211 
һذϢڻɢȥȻ󲨡
ʲô糾Ϊϣ
ҪʲôȻȻάǷ糾ѵǷ糾֮䣬һЩΪ֪Ĺϵ
һʱ䣬糾ԽԽ죬Ϊ۵Ľ㡣
糾ΪԼֻڱѡʱҲֻһʱ޷㣡ؿ˷ӡõı󣬻˵
ˣ
ҶҪĿģǱʱֵ̳ǸǿĽƹţλ˵㹻ġ
߰ɣҴȥ
˵꣬شŽ뵽˱󣬴صؽƣ˱ľͷ
糾׼ˣҪˣ
ضһ˹走ı£ʱ⻬羵ı±ŤӡڽеıһſŻƲǣҶǰ
ˣ
¿Ҷ罫£ͷųǿӦһƱʵѰĿꡣ
Լʱ󣬼ݵԸӦһǿĽƳ֣Ҷƽ֮ͼͼֳ壬һֻֻ֣ץǰĽƱ
꣡
ץסƱҶ֮ݵޣץűĽƾҵĲѿһѺۡ
գĽƱҶ۵ĵӲץˣһīĺɫгڰУץ
ʥ޵
򿪺ɫУҶ緢ֺһȭͷС̺Ű޵޵̺޵ͨ¼ʥ޵мʥ޵Ҳѵһ
Ʒʥ޵սǬУҶ۾ԼݣѰһĿꡣ
ܿ죬һɿµĽƳˣɽ֮ǿʥ޵ĽƣҶŨȤͼ۳֣̽ץǰ
ץסƹŵ˲䣬ǿĶԳӲͼ۵ĵˡ
ۿֱſµĽײ飬еͼֳҶ壬йǿеƣڽ˲Ѻ۵ĵУٵ޸˵ֵѺۣϵ˺ѿµĽơ
ƹŽʮڽµĽˣ¶˺ɫУץ
浽ʲô
źģҶ˺ɫУֺзӡһСѪɫĹ裬Ѫɫ̺Сع裬ѵĴ֮
ĵ̫ˣȻ趼У֪ҽˣ֮ܽѪεȳ̶ȣҶһջӵ⣬ߣûٳ֣ĵصȴµĽƱ֡
ʱһһܿ죬һʱʱҪˣſµĽƱȴٳδ֡
ҶȻûгֶȡƱ˼ĵصȴš
ڣһʱвʮʱҶеĲĽƱˡ
Ʊֵ˲䣬ҶԵĸоһ˿صѹԥĴͼԼͭȫٻ˳ܣȥշµĽƱ
꣡
Ĵͼ۵ĵ֣ץסƱʱǿĽѿѺۡ
ʱͭ껯һޱȣնѵصĹ⽣ݺݵնӲɿµĽһȱڡ
֣
ʱޣڽѿȱʱҶĴͼ۵Ĵ֣˺ŽȱڣըĲѺۡ
ͭ꣬ƣ
ʱ仹ʣϢʱҶͭ귢һһٽصĽ˺ƣŰɫɢŵâĺӴ䵽ҶС
ʱһʱѵеĹҶԼԾشӱ´͵档
糾㾹Ȼõ˴
ҶеİɫӣҲԾѣȵʵ
Ҷ򿪰ɫͺʱֺоһ鿴ƼͨɫûеκλƵ塣
ǰк
Ҷ練˼۰ɫ壬ûзر֮ʵ
Ǳϵʮ֮һôãδ˽⿪ܣҿԿ϶ǣ岻򵥣ν⿪ܣҲ˵
źúоһҶ׼֮Ž⿪ɫܡ
糾粻Ǻ̫ƽɸϮӰʱ䣬ʹɣû˺㣡˵
ãයһʱ䣡
Ҷջ̫ˣ뻨һʱȳתر仯ͨر䣬ͨȻ弶ս޻ʾ硣
˷糾Ϸ׼չؼգΪԡ׼Ͳˡػ˵
Ͳǰˣ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪صıҵ뵽˳Ļ磬ҵһƧĶʼչ


1212 Ҫ
ʼʥ֪ʥܰҽεȾ磡
Ҷ˶Ϣʱ״̬ѣʦƵǿŻʼʥ˳һͷ̵˶С
䣡
ʼʥҶ壬ʱ嫵ҩ˲ſҶ壬˳ȫľҵӿȫŰƻ塣
һɹ˺ѰʹҶдӸǱʼҩŵ򣬷·ʱܱըһ㡣
˺ѰʹҶٵתת䣬һǿнڱĻʼҩѹλѨУѨɱ䣬һ߿ںϻʼʥҩεɱ䡣
ʼʥܵϴ̺ҩʮֵľӴѨе飬ԼɱٶȲϵؼӿ졣
嵽壬弫ؿԽҪǣǱھ屾ʵɱ䡣
ɱ壬ҪӴһŻʼ²Ҷ绹ڱеõһСشʥ裬ǿ֮ȫлὫת徳硣
ʱһȥҶͳ˵ϵʼҩ
һδβиŬ˽ʮʱ䣬ڽʼľҩѨУ֮һɱ䡣
ϱ˺ѵľ壬Ҳ֮޸£ٵϣû֮飬Ҷ˷񣬲ƴ۵Ĵ塣
ɱ壬ѶȹȻС
ɱѶȳҶ󣬲ţһɱ䣬ܷ췭ظı仯Խһ¼ʥޣսһ˾ˡ
ܲɱ壬Ϳˣ
Ҷ򵥵Ϣһ£ָˣӡںɫСУֵɹС˳
Ȼ峤ǧףС裬ֻмٵһ裬ڶ½ʵԽ˵ʥСļֵԶԶ˻ʼʥνǿ󣬾쾳ܼҲ
⿪ɫСеķӡҶоʢ֮֮
Ȼǿ壬˲֪꣬µ边ȻʢϢ治֪ǴӺδõС裡
ʺ裬ҶһС뵽С
̺ȻʼʥҪ񱩣Ҫǿ
ŰӿҶ壬ȫľѨкֱײƻ
ѶȣҶ뵽ƻʱסʹתת䣬ľѹ񱩵裬ʥ飬Ҳʱ޸˵壬屻顣

Ҷȫʱвµлľѹ裬ǿȻѿѺۡ
ء
Ҷȫľ屻񱩵ըѣѪȪһ㣬ӿ壬ȾһѪˡ
Ʋϼأ־ޱȵҶ磬ȴһ㣬ԭأüͷ嶼ûһ£·ʹǷһ㡣
ŷ˵ʹС裬Ҷ粻ƣС뵽壬ȫɱ䡣
ʱƣҶȫľƻһͿѪҺҲԽԽ࣬ϵ·ȫʪ͸
ҶȴᣬΪǴʥһĹЧǾѪѪ
ҶеѪҺֻͨķѪܽеѪҺѪںϣѪҺƷʣϵ̥ǡ
Ҷȫ̥ʱڵ֮ѪҲڷɱ䣬ڲ֪Уں˴֮Ѫﵽ˰Ʒһȼգ˲˱ܴ޻̬ս
֮Ѫɱ֮⣬ʱ䣬Ӧյɱ䣬徳硣
оı仯ı仯Ҷһ֮ʣµ뵽Уɱ䡣
ֹ˴Լʱ䣬ȫҶУɱ£Ҷ塢췭ظı仯һȫµѨС
ȫµƷԶԶ̺ǿ
ĳ֣ζҶ缴ɱ䣬ɱʣһ
Ҷžʹڰ֮ȫ徳ʱ޾ͻȻڻϿգеĻ硣
٣ҾȻ٣
Ҷ͵оѣû뵽Լʥ裬Ȼ١
ٵĳ֣Ҷ粻ϲҪһɱ䣬ٶ˵õѡ


1213 徳
ʲôˣϿôֳ˽ƣѵλ̫ϳԡתģ
ڻͻȻоƵϢ֣͵оѣ¶֮ɫ
Ҫȥ鿴ʱеĴѶͻȻţҶڴѶ
٣糾Ҫ١СһϵŶٵܣ£δţ
֪Ҷģ¶˲֮ɫæ˻Ŀռơ
¡¡
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ʲôˣϿôֳ˽ƣǵͻƾ磿
гֵĽƣǾٴαˣ׷׳ڽֵϡ
ɫ׵磬е׵羹ȻǺɫġ
ڵ糱Ų˺ѽƵ׵ɫо֣η
ɣٽɣɱ䣡
ȻҶڽио̫ľȿ֮٣ޱĽͷųȥȴٵĽ¡
䣡
ҷĽƲһ£һڵĽװſֲĿƳ˽ƣ˰Ȼս߰Ҷ硣
䣡
µٺݺݵغҶϣγĵƻ壬Ҫ
ʥ裬Ҷﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣһٸ޷˼
⵽ٹҶٵתת䣬һɫǿѨУɫɱǿ
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ڶ٣ɫ໥ڣµ˸εѣ˲佫ҶûˣҶĶ綼ٹ΢Ĳ
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ĺɫҶ忪ʼѣѪϵʣ˺
ҶѪԽԽʢ֮޸£ȫס˺ٵɱ塣
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סˣ
˿Ҷ˿ֲĽƺ£Ȼûл𣬵һ
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ĵһĻˣǲԼһĻ
ӣСӾǷӣ
ֿµ٣뾡취ȴ٣һ㹻ĳɳռ䣬ʵĳ̶ȡһɵøп
ܵҶƣٽٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ޾ĺɫȫҶ𣬿µŻҵĲ
ǿеĽܺɫ𹥻ʱҶٵϴ£ɱ䣬ɱ˸ǿ塣
巢ʱ˲䣬ں˴֮֮ѪҲ˽ﵽ˾ƷѪ
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ȻһɫƲ󣬵̺Ļȴɱ˺ղϵر顣
ħѪȼգ
ת徳ҶﵽһڽȼħѪʱﵽڽ֮Ǵﵽ˹ŵȼ
ƣ
Ҷ籩һȫˮڽȭͷУ̼֮鱬˵һȭӭһɫ
䣡
ɫҶȭͷײһڽ֮ϵرݿź֮
һϵмҵĶԳ⣬һٱҶԵƵˣյĽƽɢȥ
Ȼǿ󣬲ħѪƷеˣֻ
ҶȻ⣬вǣħѪƷ׹ͣ޷Щź


1214 
˼ոնɵĶеƻ˻磡
Ҷ绻һոµ·һǰǸ˵
糾㻹ϵ
ȻҶ忴Ʋǿ׳˻Լо̺żֲǿȣ쾳оԼ徳Ҷ硣
ţ޵壡Ҷ˵ͷ˵
Ϸʼ̫˾֮ţЩ֮ȣ̫Զˣп˵úϣгһգۣ֮Ҳܸմٹ⡣
ŬģҶ˵ͷ֣ص˵
ΪҶĶƻָһĶ
ʱ弶ս޻ʾˣ
徳Ҷ׼ʵ弶ս޻ʾ磬뿪ȥһ
ڱչǰҶ뵽ǬѪʨǬ򺰵ߡ
ǬҴӦͻƵؾʥˣڵʵʥӦлᴥؾҶûģһмеһʥ͸Ǭ
ллҶ٣
ӹҶʥǬ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
Ȼԭһʥļֵ̫ߣ̫ϡ٣ݣΪºպսһҲܵõʥ
Ѫʨмʥ޵͸㣬ϣܾﵽż޼ޣʥ޾磬ʱһ취췣Ҷ罫ӱµõǿʥ޵͸ĽѪʨ
ˣǶȥɣ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪Ǭ磬óһżֵɹʥŵС
δüʥ㻯ΪһɹȵĺˮУ
ȣ
Ҷ緢ʥҩ̵ĿˮԼзڣԼ˳ëףϵð
дոУҶҧأȫеëףʥҩйȥһתɻȵҩ
ʥͷŵֲ̫ʹҶȫƤ˻ɫϵ·Ǳ̵Ƥȼճ˻ҽ
Ҷ壬̫£ʥͷŵȻе˾ʹȴ޷˺ֺǿҶǿոУٵؽʥҩڡ
ʥҩ£Ҷʵٵڵĵ֮Ҳʥҩ£ϵǿ
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Ҷ繮ʵ׼õڶʥһͻƵ弶ս޻ʾʱоڶ棬ֹͣһ£ر˸˳ȥ
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糾ˣ˵ѣкҪ㣬Ҫһ棿˵
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֪˽ʲôҶʵ
һнǳһ£˵
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ʱɫǵĽǳڻнصȴŲ̧ͷʱԶԶҶһϢ͸Ųŭ֮Ƶ߻дϲ׷վ
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ʮʹشӦˣת뿪ˡ
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׷ӳˣɫƣĽǳ˵
λǰҪ˵׷ǰ׳ʲôˣҶʾºʵ
֮ʣһ˼ĻɽڣժһҲ飬ħƹȵ˷˳ͻ
Ȼƾʵסħƹȵĸʵǿ˵İ׷㻹ǱץˡǷŻһʱ䣬ǴȥħƹȽ׷㣬ǾҪ׷
֪壬ֻҪȥˣϣЩʱ֪㻯Ϊϵ飬ĻǳȥҶ硣
λǰ֪ժʲôħƹȶǴ󶯸ɸꣿҶüͷһʵ
һɫȼŻ
˵ţǳժõǶɫ˳

ŽǳеĽɫҶϳܷ񣬿Ե췣Ľ
λǰ֪һޣҪãҶ翪ʵ
вʮʱ䣡½˵
ʱ㹻ˣҶ˵ͷ˵߰ɶλǰھ뿪ȥħƹȾˣ
⡭ȥ
ǳ֪ħƹȵʵҶæ
ˣ
ҶħƹȵĻͻѯʹħƹȵʵ
ħƹڰֻһʥأħؾܣ˺ħʣħƹл˾
еõһٿƷ쾧㹻ҶӦؾܣħƹȻ
ðɣ
ǳ໥һۣûж˵ʲôҶ뿪˻ҵܼŮӣһͬҵ


1215 ħƹ
糾ǳʲôôͻȻҪߣ֪ҶͻȻҪ뿪ĵʵ費Ҫæ
İԼԽҶҡҡͷ˵
Ȼ棬¿ɽҶ粢׷Źħƹȡ
糾ɲ̫ƽ۽㣬̰ܶͼıһ磬п鷳ĵѵ
ףǰ뿪ǰһƤߣƤߣ쾳ҲҵĿҶ΢΢һЦŵ˵
ȻѾҲȰˣԻмһСģ˽˵Ĵ鷳ǵϵǣԶʵĺܣ˵ͷ
лл
Ҷůůģм˵
ֱ֪ǰĴ𣿡Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҷֱͨǰ
УǸɣ˵ͷҶ˴͵С
糾һСģʱе
ãǺڣ
˵꣬ҶƤߣסʵף뽪ǳվھ޴ĴУ뿪λڰһС
ȴͷϵ£Ҿؼңڣ˯һʱɡ˵ţҶܼŮӷһŵҩԣͽǬС
߰ɣȥħƹȣ
ҶֳˮһŰͼħƹȵλãŽǳ뿪˾󣬸ħƹȡ
ħƹȣһеʥأڰħǰĸ֡
ΪħƹӹʹħƹϵУϵħƹƿŰһڰ˸ǡ
ⶼʮˣ˻ûг𣿡
ɫƳۣһȦɫ룬۾УɷоĺħһŰ׹ǻϣħƹߣͳʵ
ûУ˺˼ˣǲ²⣬п˰һħƹ߾η˵
ģҵĽӣӵĺǣҲץħ۾ŨŨŭ𣬴ȥץסˣҵȿϣһ޵ˣٲ֣һ
ħʣ
һĿ࣬ɢŨŨħĴĥȥʣһİ׷ӵ˳ħƹ⣬ʮ׸ߵϡ
׷ûãߴϢǳ³ˡ
úãڿˣҶǲѷɣ
֪һϢħ¶һ˿ײеЦݣħƹȸ֣ڹ⣬ֻȽǳ˳֣ãǶ˵ҪĽ

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İɣֻҪħƹû쾳ǵʵԾȳǰħƹȸʹۣҶ¶ŵЦݣ˵
ڷħƹȵ;УҶǿΧϢһֱڰи٣⣬յͼָʾŽǳ˼ٷУܿɵħƹ⡣
ԶԶһ಻֪󲿷ɽûƶˣƻֺɽǰǰƬɽħƹڵĺħɽ
ǰ
ӽħƹȿڣҶ翴ȫ˺ۣһϢİ׷㱻廨ĵʮ׸ߵϣ˿϶ʱ¶ŨŨɫ
ಣ
һ̶ƿҶͻȻȼսѪıٶȣڰлһɫӰԼٶȷ˹ȥҪȾ°׷㣬һᷢͻʱ⡣
Ҷ缫ٷ֮ʣһǿĽˣסҶ磬Ҫס߰׷Ļᡣ
Ҷٶ̫죬ǴﵽڽһŻƲǣ޵еֱӶǿĽƣ˰׷ǰ
Ҷ׼°׷ʱһģӰͻȻ֣ſѪڣ³ĶҧҶ硣
żϰ߶ߣ
͵ϮԼĶޣҶ粻˷ȫעȭУһȭ¶ˮͰϰ߶ͷ
䣡
ڽ֮ʯһײϰ߶ߵͷϣµݿϰ߶ߵԴֱӻˡ
ţҶƻն׷ļϣնԣ˿İ׷㣬䴫ͽǬС
ͣ
Ҷ°׷˲䣬һٶȼ죬ĹеҶ磬Ҫɱ
壬Ҷ忰ȼƷһ޷˼ֺ
ڤ
ĿһɱԼħƹȸ֣Ҷγ˽Ĺڤ֮֮ɱʮħƹȸ֡

һʹĲҽʮħƹȸ֣⵽Ҷݻ֮Ĺڤ׷ױ壬һѪɥȪ
һĻħƹȸ֣һʱ䣬ƮŨŨѪζħƹȼžһƬû˸ٳֹҶ硣


1216 ޵еʵ
ǿʵȻôǿ
ĿҶɱʮħƹȸֵһĻĽǳ±סˡ
δǷҶʵѾɳӵĳ̶ȡ
뵽ħʵʵȻ֪Ҷ罫ԺεֶζԿ
Сôĵӣħƹȣɱħƹȵӣ㲻ã
һŭװħƹһͷɫƳ۵һӲӵͷȣħƹзɳЯ֮Ҷ硣
˾ܣ
оʵҶϺ޾⣬΢΢һѨǿѹȸУֿȭӭȥ
䣡
Ҷڽȭͷµͷײһ𣬶ʱռ˺
һȭסͷչͼֳҶ壬һȭͼſµļ֮ɢ⣬͵ͷȣڰмҵɱ
֮ΪǽŵĿռתʱڵĻɸߵȼĵȻܽĵԶʥԶԶʤ
ҪǣſռϴܶԵɸһ㣬Ҳܿɱս޻ʵԭ
Ҷ缤սʱȴԼΪʵ޷ѹҶ磬ѹƣ֮Ҳûһƣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
Сӵʲô
СҶ磬֮ݵ£ͼֳϵ壬ʵϷˮĹƣҪǿĵɱҶ硣
ӡ
Եķסһ͵ĹҶ˫ֿٵؽӡӿҶǰһֻʮɸߣ䲻룬̤ſռ䣬һΡĸɽײ
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ӡѹն۾бǵĹâһ˻ͼ֮ӿͷУһȷӡ
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ӡ˲䣬Ҷлγǿѣ֮ݺݵغ꺣֮С
ȻԶԶҶ磬꾳ȴҶ磬⵽µѣһԳ˶ݵĿհףǳһ˿ٻ
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Ҷһ̤ѹﰧԽ֮أڽ֮ݺݵ̤ϣµݿһ̤˳ȥѪ
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ħѪȼգ
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꣡
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Ʒǹдķ֮ߵɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
޷ţҶ徹Ȼһ¼ʥޣһȭƷǹ
ͷۣ
֮ʣҶȼ֮Ѫ仯˿µͷ۵ռ̬
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ˣ
ͷ̬Ҷ磬ɫ΢䣬ȷҶ֡
ķϻ̫ˣ
Ҷٻرٵ趯һ㹥˿ߡ
һظ߹һأɽµĹУߵĹƱ˲ѹˣò۳ͼŵ֮Ҷ缤ҵɱ
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ǿƻҶ糱ˮĹƣгһų߾Ŵ糤⣬ﵽƷȼͷ󵶣ʩչħƹطͨնһһĵâۻԵնҶ硣
ԿʩչطͨҶû㣬ȫӭ
ͼصͼеͼֳ壬ƾ̵ĳˮӿֱС
һãֱͬʱʩչͬͨ
䣡
֣ӡȭˮӡͬʱɽӣһУ˾˿ʩչ°ݺݵغϡ
ۣ
֮䣬ƣͨһǰ赲ֱӽ˳ȥڰ˴Ѫص׹˵档
Ҷսħƹ˾棬ѹԵȡʤ


1217 ı
ħƣȼգ
˲߷׷ڵؿзɳʩչֶΣȼ˿µħƣѹסƣȫɱҶ硣
ɫħйס⣬ħƹ˲
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˱һޱߵħһһɱҶ磬ҪħƵһٻɱҶ硣
ħħƹܣͨطӡеͼģһȼգɴǵս
ںħƵ˵ʵ˽һ͵ĹȻƲҶ
ȹŵ壬ֵס˵ĹҶӶرȫӭˮĹƲϵؼ˵ƣǵĹ
⵽ʲô
ȼħƣȻҶѹסƣǶ˷Ĺȴ޷ƿҶԽԽľĵʩչ°͹Ҷ硣
սһᣬҶûˣȴ˴ĵ
ڤ
Ҷһж˼ɱʱǵʥ걬ݻɿµĴ֮Ĺڤ֮˵ꡣ
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ˣŹڤʩչ°ҶӲƴʱǶ˷׷ٻŵҶ硣
ǶѡĹʱǡôһҶ类ŵУпˣʱǾŤתƵĻˡ
սȻḻܿϧŵȼеˣ
Ҷһڵ׼ʥӸֳס壬Ӳŵһ
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ͻȻ֣ʵﵽؾĿӣҶ΢΢̣¶Цݡ
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ħƹˣѵӦñ𣿡Ҷѳˣ˵
ߣô˵ħƹȵħһʾԺиһͷ˼֮¸ճ
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ˣҲú֮ˣҾͻħƹȣ֪³Ҷ˵˵
ôĿΪҲɱ㣬㣬ǰ
ħû뵽ļս޻ʾҶ˵Ŀ۾͸ŨŨɱ⡣
Ǿ԰ɣ
˵ţҶһħʷҪúħʼһ£Լʵ

ϮҶ磬ħɱʢħйѸٻһֻī֣£Ҷ磬Ҫ顣
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Ҷ籩һȫɽһ㣬緢壬վҵĲħ֮ϣм޾𻨡
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Ҷһգɱ飬Խٵһֽâ˺ѿһ㣬һؽۣһħϡ
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һ֮󣬺ħֽƣµħصһ𣬱ɽХֱӷҶ̳һֽնŤŴգסҶ磬Ҫ顣
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ؼʱҶ罫ٻ˳ӵֵХӿĻħγһƵ˺ħʵĹȫ
ħ̣ħϮɱ
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СӣȥɣӱħӲ𿪵˲䣬ħĺħʩչ˴ɱУı
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ıħƹȵһͨ£ǳһ֮£Ȼ֮ɫҶᵽв


1218 Ϲ
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ؼʱ̣Ҷ罫ںһٿƷ쾧Ľٻ˳ǰֵ˺ħʩչı
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Ҷóһſ֮飬ڽ˰׷㲼˺ۣٵط¶ɭ׹ͷУ޸ص塣
ˣ׷ǰӦûдˣһʱ䣬λǰɣ¾ͽˣ
ں֮飬׷ԼٶȻָҶ˵
磬а취ƵϹ󣡡ɫı͸ųζʵ
ţϹȷʵСа취ƵҶ˵ͷ¶ŵЦݣ˵
ϹĹԽԽǿռ䶼ϹĹ˺ѣ˴ѺۣǬȴ˿һӰ죬ȫסϹĹ
ģСѲĻӣôռ䱦ﶼУ
оҶ˹ʧϹУħµԭɫޱȡ
ħʣСӣԸܻܿ⵽屨׷΢΢Щĵ˵
ڱصãҾߣڴҲҾͲţҰΪΪħ۾˸ŨŨɱ
ҶɱģȫΪ˵õҪǣҪõҶϵıǿռ䱦
һָоԼܶҶϵĴԵһͻƵ쾳Ϊ޵еĴڡ


1219 ѪӰ
㣬Ҫѹľˣ췣
ֻս޻ʾ磬ں֮Ѫʵʹﵽ˾缫ޣҶ粻֪ϵܣ췣߾ˡ
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ȫʱҶַһʥʥҩ£弶ս޻ʾ硣
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󷽷Ȼ򵥣ռвʶܳ⡣
Ҷ̫㣬һ֮Ѫ֮ѪԼѪӰӣȫϹжɹ췣

µڶʥҶ緢֣ʥ̺ҩϴηõʥȻͬʥ̺ҩ̹ǣϵض
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ҶܲסҩʴʱæƷʥ鲼ȫϵػʴıҩʥȫ弶ս޻ʾ硣
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磬ҵ췣ϾҪ£ҳȥѹƲס磬ͷðſź㴫Ҷ
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Ѫɫ׳ֵ˲䣬ħʼʱϹһȱڣѪɫ׺㡣
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׵籬㻯ĽͫԳը죬ƻ塣
Ѫɫ췣Ȼֲս޻ʸ췣Ҫֲ֮Ѫĳ̶ȣͫԳǿ׵ֵסѪɫ췣췣ϴ£ڵ֮Ѫ
֮ѪںԽԽףڵڶѪԽԽ׳ȫиյļ
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Ѫɫ췣£ƲϵؼأϹҲѪɫ췣£
оеĿ̲ԽԽħɫޱȣ˹رϹͷ
뵽ϹʧпܸҶĻᡣ
뵽뵽ҶĿռ䱦ħһҧϧһдۣҶɱ
ںħʲϹģɱʱѪģƤԵԳ֮֮Ѫںһ
һ̣µѪӰֳ壬ͷ죬Ųȴأ޾⣬ͷһеӲµ췣˺ˡ


1220 ͻ
ǣʲôӰӡ
Ÿֳ壬˺췣еѪӰħʵ˵Ӳ˳
ȻǾѪӰԶǻظоѪӰĿ¡
⼸˱Ҫħƹȵͷ󻼣ħʰ¾ĵϧ۵ĿϹ󹥻㡣
ħʿϹȫʱƿٵתڽг˴ӰЩӰȸ䣬룬µ춯أħƹȾҲؾĺħʶеһ˿־塣
޴٣
ŽгֵӰħϳǴ˵еİ޴٣ֻмǿ޳֣Żή췣л
ͻʥ֮ʱҲ˰޴٣İ޴٣û֮Իİ޴١
ѪӰ޸£ԼٶȻָ̧ͷ죬ŽгֵӰûһ˿⡣
໣
һĵ޺𣬴ӰӾ뷭ĽԾ£η㡣
ǰӰʱµѪӰһȭµȭâըգӰϡ
䣡
ӰҵĲһ£ӴѪӰһȭ򱬣ţѪӰ׵ĹϽһֻֻӰ顣
Ӱ򱬣˾췣֮
ʱͷųǿֱ췣֮ɱ壬ļս޻ʾ硣
Ϲ󣬸ɱ
ۿͻļս޻ʾ磬ٴδ˷Ϯɱ㣬Ҫͻƾ˲䣬塣
ؼʱ̣һŲƵͼֳǬҶ£˲֮ǽֵסƵĹ
ŲƵͼҶ統ӵһģȻûüŲͼ޸ŲͼȻ£ԶʱֵƵĹ
ļս޻ʣͻƣ
Σ֮УڳƿͻƵļս޻ʾ硣
ʵתĽƲûɢȥ˼һֻֻµӰɱ㣬Ҫں֮Ѫɱ
㣬ƶӣƶʮһףϹľͻƾʱݵԣϹ⵽Ҳ֮ʣĵλá
ã
˵ͷŰ޴ƶʮһףϹ֮ϣ޴ٵľɱ
޴ٵĹԽԽңϹܵѹҲԽԽʯģϹг˴Ѻۡ
ҪǣϹܵ޴ܵˣúħʽ
һϹƣħƹ˵޷ʧǸʧȥҶ˵ֶΡ
ںħļ٣ԥҪҪرϹʱһȭӰѪӰ£ͻȻϹġ
ǣ
ѪӰ£Ϲ⵽شϹֱ½޷ٺϹŲͼγɵķ֮ǽˡ
λ̫ϳϣٽħƹȸȫۼΣ⼸˻뿪ħƹȣħһ¾ĵ
ħʣ
˵˵ͷټħƹȸ֣Ĺռ䣬ֻ췣ɢȥһ
Ѫµİ޴٣߾ʱʥҶ磬Ҳо췣Ϣʼѹƾ磬ȴ췣ɢȥٶԼ췣һٴݻħƹȡ
˴췣֮ǰɵڵﲻϱѪ̺Ҳڽ壬ʵ
ѪӰ£һһҹ޴ʱʵֵõ˼ͻ弶ս޻ʾһ֮ң
Ϲ⵽޴ٳʱ乥ƻĲӣ֮£ħʹر˲صϹ
ǸҵţҷһǴңɫĺħʲзĵֻȰ޴ɢȥһ
ںħʵ˷գĵȴʱһһҹİ޴ٱβ㷢һ
Ƶһ˲䱻ȫգŲ̬ͬӰݺݵغ˲Ѻ۵ѪӰϣӲˣ˱ͻƱԵ㡣
ȭ
һ̣Ѫ֮Ϻĩպƽٰĺȭһ޴٣ǿһ޴ٵѹȫ弶ս޻ʡ
Ҳ֪˶ȭоȫľѪ΢ʱӿڳƿͻƵ弶ս޻ʾ硣
ͻƣİ޴µ췣ͬʱʧˣҵĿռ佥ָƽ

ɹ췣˲䣬ħʵ㷢ҪΪ֮ʣɱ


1221 ֮
ͻȻɹ޴٣ͻƵ弶ս޻ʾʧˣٵصĹһͬǬϡ
ǬħӵдԽħʵ˷Ĺ޷ƿķ
㣬úˣʣµĽˣ
Ѫ죬ˣѪΣ಻㣬ͻƱԵҶ˵
õĳ磬ұ𣡡
ɫ԰ףûһ˿Ѫɫ㣬¶ɰСѣ˵ͷ˵
˵꣬һֵƵݣǬŨˣͻƺľ硣
ħƹȣʱһǻٵˣ
Ϲ췣ƵҶ˵вԣҶ׼Լ췣ħƹȳ׻ٵǵĸʹı
ģֲˣͻȻʧһٵ㣬ħĻðɣŭĴҪͣҼǿռ䱦ķɱǼˣ
䣡
ħƹȸֿƸԵĵŵȫǬصĿռ䣬Ҫơ
˳ϵعһʱǬؿռѣ޷Ǭֺħʵ˲ûзƱҪǬɱҶˡ
ͻȻһӰɳǬӭһµĵŵɱȫħƹȸ֡
ɱ
Ž֣ܳħʵı˹Ŀ꣬˽ܡ
κΣܼ᲻ɴݣ޵еķϵغһϮĵŵӽһʧɫħƹȸ֣Ľ⣬ķ
һʢĽâڽзֿ嫵Ľռ䣬Ʋɵٵոһħƹȸֵ
ħ̣𣡡
һħƹȸֱɱŭĺħħľѪħ̵Ĺݺݵغܵ塣
⵽׼ʥħ̹ܲܣԼϣɱħƹȸ֡
ܿ죬ħƹȸֵķ߱᲻ɴݵĽܳƣڷռ䡣
ͻȻȴҶˣֵ˲䣬ոջָգͻȻڸǡ
ڹУҫɵâƵ裬й
ϵ˵ĶĤһʱ䣬뵽˻֮Уĩ١
췣췣
ħ̣ȫܵĺħʣֳ˽ƣĵ뵽˵͹ȣž޲Ҳһ˿ҡ
ҪˣٽǸ췣ɱħѸٸı˹Ŀ꣬ħ̹Ҷ硣
ˣ
һ½Ľ⣬һն˺ħʣϾ
һȼ˴ƿֲһͿúħһԷŭĸоòħȫ
ƾǿĹסʵǿĺħʣ׷˷׷Ҷ緢
ϹŲͼ
ҶһϹŲͼֳ壬Χ˲ķǽֵ׷˵͹ޱͷǿ弶ս޻ʾ硣
Ҷ弶ս޻ʾ磬ʥټǰ˴ıʹʵѳ缫ޣΥع췣ɱ
¡¡
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ã췣Ҫˣҿˣ
о̺췣֮ԽԽǿ˶ɽˣ׷һٹҶ磬׷׵ĺˣƵ˶ɽ⡣
ܣ
ҶһħʼɱĽսǬУҩʣʥʵ
ڣʮһµѪɫƳ˾ҷĽƣ籼µѪɫٲϥҶ磬ҪΥعҶɱ
ϹŲͼգ
ҶһסϹŲͼս壬ѨϵڽʮһѪɫ
䣡
ʮһѪɫҶ籬ڽײһնʱ˻ҡ
ؼһеˣµĶײγ˿ֲĳڰҵرը
ʯΪĩûƶ˵ɽ壬ǱıѿѺۣʱܶѡ
ǿסʮһѪɫҶٵתɻ췣֮壬췣֮ڵҩ弶ս޻ʾ硣
¡¡
ҶȫסʮѪɫʱĽǧ㼯һž޴׵ʯû˽ƣſµĳҶ硣
صͼͼ
׵ʯϮҶ۳ͼ㼯˫ȭ֮УӲ׵ʯĹ
䣡
׵ʯҶںͼȭͷӲƿ׵ʯըĻ֮Ҳδ˺Ҷǿֵסˡ
ħƹȣһݴɣ
ȫԡ׵еҶ磬ıһſµ췣ħƹȵ


1222 弶ս޻
ã
ԶĺħʣҶ췣ħƹһؽƣҪֹҶ뵽档
һƻħƹʮĻҵһпܻٻħƹȵԴͷʧе
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һſ׵ʯƿĽƣϵغɱҶ硣
ڴ׵ʯըͷŵĻ£ؽƱ˺ѣҶ粻ϵؽӽħƹ
ģҲɱĲΪˣ
ħʵѪɫ۾Σĵ޽繬һ㣬ΰ׳ħ⣬ϵħעħ̷йħƣҶ磬ҪֹС
ܣֵ
ħʱϾؾܣħ̷Ĺ£Ҷһᴩյħƹϣٻ˳еֵ
䣡
ҷĽнıѪɫٵػ㼯γµɽ׹Ҷͺħʡ
ںħʵʵ̫ǿɽҶɫ䣬Ӳӣòɽȥ
ħѪȼա
ɽҶԥȼħѪ˲ڽӲɽĻһ
ħȻӳ˶ɽ򣬵ɽȴصغħǿĽϡ
һʱħƹϿճһƬ׺ӿ֮öԶħƹȸľ֣вʵõħƹȵӣͬʱɻÿѪ˵ء
ǣ
ɽ𹥻£ħĽƲϵرѿѺۣɽزϵزɽ屻µñѣ
ħƱɽӲ˺ѿһ޴ȱʱҶ׼ʥ
һҶֱӴԽ˻ɽ뵽ħС
ãܣ
еħƹȵӣҶ紩ԽƷ˽û꣬ƴȥ
ȻǷӦܿ죬Ҷ췣ֲ̫⵽ɽвٵӱ
£ħƹ˺ķѼѪħǱþҵҡѿѺۡ
飬ħƹȲԣ¸̧֣Ҫƻħƹ
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ʱѪɫӽл㼯ɽ䣬׹Ҷ磬Ҫ
䣡
ɽƻ£̻Ի͵ħˣֱվҶ硣
֮飬ƣ
ҶһλѨе֮ϵغһ֮ȭâɽǿ
Ҷȫ£ǧâը羪κ˽ˡ
ģҷأɱ㣡
ħµɽһħʵ˵ڵѪһֻŭʨϵ
ħҲû뵽ᷢչԤϵ֣ħҲֱ½ǿᡣ
һɽϵ׹䣬ҶһսʹϵغɽĹ
͵Ĺ£ħɽΪƽأԶĺħʵˣ˿޾׹岻ϵ³ѾҶӰ
ݺݵɣð
ʱħֻҶ췣ǿһЩҶõҶһıٻֲյʧ
ʥ
ҶٻĴͼֿȭһɽ˴ʱʱƿʼأѸȼ֮ѪѪԼƵʥٻ˳ӲɽĹ
ʥҶĹͭ£һΡߴɽֱ޾׺
һ㣬ҾҪͻˣ
ڿֲ췣ϴ£ҶʥҩٶԽԽ죬ͻ弶ս޻Ҳһ֮ң
Ĵͼ췣ϴ£ϵŵ֮
һҶɹ׵缫µ췣ԵƱظһ¥
䣡
ͻȻɽһһͬʱ׹䣬Ҷ緢һ
ǬǬһ
ɽصҶ粻Ҵ⣬ϽʮһѼƷȫٻ˳ʥںһ𣬻һʮɸߵǬ޽ͭĴͼնȥ
һ˲䣬ҵһΪâĿռؽֱۣӽһɽ룬ס˵ڶɽ
弶ս޻ʣͻƣ
ѹ£ҶڿһͻƵ弶ս޻ʾ硣
ͻƵ˲䣬Ҷȫ֮˵ڶɽһƽ˾ҷĽУƿһ޶ٵʣ췣


1223 ħ
ɱ
췣ɢȥ˫Ѫ죬ڵѪĺħʵ˱һ׷ɱҶ磬Ҫɱйޡ
ɹ췣Ҷ缸ľȫûսѸٽ뵽ǬУħʵ˹ĻᣬǵĹȫա
ϲҶͻƵ弶ս޻ʾ磡
оҶͻƵ弶ս޻ʾ磬ʵʮ౶Ǭǰϲ
׼£ҹ̾磬ɱȥħƹȣ
˵꣬Ҷϥڵϣһ߿ָ֮ˣһ߿췣̺ĵ֮
ħʣ˵Ŀռ䱦̫£ǵĹƲǱİ취Ըɫˮİ׷ɷĺħߣ˵
ţ˱ħƹƱسΪЦħʵ˵ͷ˵ռ䣬Ҫˣȥħ档
ʱһȥ
ʱչأҶ繮弶ս޻ʾ磬ԣ췣ĵڻͨǿĴͼ֮Բ磬۳˻֮ͼ
׼ãһħƹȣ
ҶȡűƤǬħƵˣסʵףȴԼٻ
ܣǳȥҶһŽ뿪Ǭ˱ɷħϿա
ڿϳˣ
ͻȻֵҶͽܣĿĺħʲûɭȻ˵
ħʣ֪㻹ϲ𣿡
ҶӺħʷŭ¶Цݣ˵
Ҳ˭ɣ
һɳɱںħ緢һ̤գ˲Ҷǰ
Ҷܹʱĸ֪ͻȻΣգ̤һһѸݵ磬ʮ⡣
ܵ˲䣬һɿµƳ˺ħʵ壬ҶոڵĿռ䷢һµ깥ֱӽռŤ
û뵽ǻȰ֣
ܿħĹҶͫΣյ״û˫ȣƯڰеħ棬˵
СôĵӣһħƹȣˣȲ㣡ħԣɭȻɱ˵
ߣƾһ壬ҲɱңҶЦһм˵
Сӣһӣ㻹𣿡
˵ţħ滯һµĻ⣬Ҷ硣
ϳʥף
ħ湥˲䣬ϳʥƳҶ壬ɿ׺ɱħ档
һĿǣ⵽ϳʥ׵Ĺħ淢깥ƣǱϳʥױ˻ȥ
ʥף㾹Ȼշһʥף
ħа˫Ծ֮ɫ
Ҷ¶Цݵ죬ħƹȱ𡣡
˵ţҶ罫ޣѪʨǬ㣬ħƣɱ¾֮ȫٻ˳
ǣ
Ҷһ£ޣǬԶյħƹȸַĹ
ˣ
ĴĺħҪԮʱգסԮĻᡣ
Сӣ
ħ汻ȫŭˣ޷Ƶŭ۳һɳ곤ǹҶ硣
ϳʥףƣ
Ȼħ濰쾳꣬ϳʥȫϽϮ곤ǹ
ڤ
ϳʥ׿ħ湥ʱҶ걬˴֮ƣĹڤħ棬ħĻ壬˷ŭĳХ
ģСѵħƹȵĿǣ
ħû뵽ӡħƹδħ棬ȻҶȫĿռ䱦лŴĸ֣ϻɱԼи֣ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ħƹĸû·ֻܽҧȫƴɱ
Сʶ£ҵֶΰɣ
ڤ˵ħ棬һŭٵѹѹһϸĻ˿ϮĴ֮ҶԺҪƽĻ꺣ֱꡣ
ϳʥף𣡡
ħѹϮݵ˲䲶׽Ĺ켣Ҷٵصһָϳʥױϵعɱħ棬Ļ塣
䣡
һϵܼıУѹµħ㶴ϳʥ׵ĹҶڽһֱָƽҶ꺣С
̻꣡
۽Ҷ꺣ħͷǿ̻֮Ҷꡣ
϶̫ˣ൱ҵ꣡
Ҷ¶һ˿Цݣڻ꺣γ˿µѣ֮һǼشݺݵغħ꣬ơ
һ̣Ҷ꺣и֣˿µɺڶֱӽִеħû棬Ľ顣
գ֮䣬ħͱԽʳ˻˿ΪԵϡ


1224 
ʲôħϢʧˣ
ħ̣뽣ܼɱĺħʣͻȻоħϢʧˣһ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
֪ħĿ£ħ̻ĵƣη֡
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ʱͻȻ֣˻й⣬ݺݵغ˺ħʵĺϣ󱳺Ѫģ
һ̣ŽڽĻͻȻס˺ħʵ壬ʩչɽħѹ£ݺݵ˵档
䣡
ƻصɽгһӣ޽ħѹÿѪϵĹͷʮܵ˼شѪ
ħˣħƹȸָ⵽ش㣬ɱ¾֮˷Ļɱ£ħƹȸɥڰлһѪ
һжԿħƹ̫ϳϵǬȴ·磬ƱǶȫѹơ
°
ѹסǬƣĬˣ׷ʩչǿͨԵƥ£ݺݵغǬҪһٽɱ
ͻȻһƵĹӴסǬ򣬵ֵסʩչ°
䣡
°ڹӱըһ޴Ƕʹ಻ѡ
Ž裬ͨ£
֮ʣʱҶֳʥʩչ˹Ž衣
ӴĴ֮ɽĽâӡŷܵĴӡǣ¸գйĵѹݺݵն˾İ׷ߡ
׷ŽеĴ֮Ӧܵ˼Ӱ죬޷ܿͨ£ֱƿұѪ硣
ӡͷӡɱ
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ҪɱǣΪǧױ𣡡
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ı
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عʱǬӡѾϣƻơ
µڻȪž۰ɣ
Ҷ罫ͭڽʥУ̳һֽնһʧصİ׷
ͣ
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أ
׷ڰб˴Ѫ
Ŀħƹ̫ϳϱɱħ⵽شʣµħƹȸַ׷׷˵ֿƴŨŨѪζħƹȥ
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˲ĺħҲ⣬ܿ޺ͽܵٻ۾Ҫܡ
ܵĵ𣿡
Ҷ̤ŲͻȻ֮ǰȼħѪޣץסۣǿм۵ķٶȡ
۵ķֲ̫Ҷ籬ڽֻ֮ӻ۵ķٶȣڰбˡ
ϴǰ㣡
ޣѪʨëԳ׷׸ץסȼǿҪԾħɽۡ
ڻǰ£鵤ķٶܵ˼Ӱ죬֮ϵĺħɫ䣬Ҫֹ
ˣ
֮ʣܳͷһ⽣ˮкذһӲƿ۵ķն˺ħʵԴǵĻᡣ
ȭ
ӡɱ
㣬ǬҲʱϵع֮ϵĺħʣȫ
ģ
۱ҶǿٶȣԼ⽣ܣ˹صĺħʸֵס֮£ϵۣʩչѪħƹȥ
գħʸ˼شۣɱΧǱʧħƹȡ


1225 ɱ
׷壬㴦һɽ壬ɽףɽһû뵽ƶˡ
ħƹȣħƹ֮֮һۣҶԽ˼˳׷¡
Ҷ֮շת׷£ΪǬ򾭹սȫʥҩﵽ˾ޣȫԽţؾˡ
ǳˣҶŹŵҲ˾缫ޣҲת
Ϊýǳ˽ӴڵĻ죬Ϊת׼ǬҶһѵת֮أطǳ׷塣
Ҷ٣ǰɽǳ׷壬׷ף߷ܽв˶תǬָǰһ㶸ͣɽʰɫɽ壬˵
߰ɣȥ
ҶԶԶؿһ۳׷壬ٻ׼ʥǬֱӷ뵽˺ƲУԼٶ׷߷ȥ
ţɽˡ
ҶǬԼٶȷɵ׷߷ʱɽ۽䱸ɭϣǿĽƣת
Ҷ٣ҪҵطȵȣǬһҶ磬ʵ
á
ҶҲǰԵ֮ˣûǿ׷ۣ׼һɽͷȴȴ׷ˣռ
󵨣ǺˣΪʲô
ͻȻһŭɫս׵̤ճ֣Ҷ˰Χˡ
ҶǬˣӲδϳǡ
Ҷ٣Ǭһ۽ΧסĽӣͨ϶صӡǣϳǵݡ
ǲҪţûж⣬Ǳڳ׷תû뵽ˣ׼뿪Ҷɨһ۶ס·ӣ˵
ߣҲᣬƾ弶ս޻ʾʵҲתһӳģһҿǷߡ
ҲãҲգȷʵߣҶ翴һԵĽӣ˵ˣÿɡ
ߣûôף
ӳģʾ£ͻȻһĳǹһ㶴ҶˣҪɱԾ󻼡

еĳǹδҶ壬Ǭŭˣһװŭбݺݵغϣֱӷǵ˳ȥ
ƢãȰòҪңǻڵģ
ҶĿؿһɫѿǬʵסӳؾ
ôĿ
һͺһɫƳۣͦΣ˸ŵݹӣ׷ͬ³ˡ
Ǭ੺
ͻȻֵӣҶϳǵַ⣬Լǿǿ󱻵һ߷ɵǬ੺
ǺôĹҵҲˣʶԷΪģҲÿһ
Ǭ੺˫֣Ŀ߰ؿҶˣݿܵ
Ըأ
Ҷ΢΢̣طʵ
Ը⣿Ǭ੺Цһ˵Ը³ֻһǾ
Ǭ੺ұ鷳ܿϧҪȻҾ˳ɣҶ籾Ǭ੺гֱвҶ³ϳһ𱨡
ɱ
Ǭ੺۾бŨŨɱ⣬ɭȻ
ǣү
˾Ļߴ̤ջҶˡ
һ̤ʵϵߵҶǰ״ʱǵʵ˼ޣбĿƲҵط
磬
֮߳ʣҶû˷ѽܵٻ˳
磬Ǭ˽ˣԸǬ੺Ҷ紫
𣬷İϴëѣǣ
һ˲仯Сɽı壬ͷŹɽһײһߡ
ʥޣ
о޵ʵǬ੺ɫ΢䣬Ҷ˼ر仯
ʥ޿ɲշʥߣҪôӵпµʵҪôӵпµı
߼ҽ֮ʣǬҲˣֳһҶļƷһߡ
ȵȣǵʲôˣ
ʵԼµĻߣ˲䱻޺ǬѹסƣǬ੺ɫ΢䣬ЩԼ³ç
ɱˣ
˵ţһǬ੺ǰҶֱֳһǬ੺ؿڡ
ģ
Ǭ੺弶ս޻ʾҶ絨ҹԼͷǿĵһƷȼǶһ˶ʯƴսӭȥ
ֻҪסҶ磬ƿش֡
ˣ
һɳǬ੺͸սֱУѪֱ۳صо
ԾҶ籬ʱһ貵Ľâǰ
һ̣ڲϵĻˡ
öĻؼʱֵסҶʩչһֽնһش


1226 Ǭ੺
Ѫȼգͷۣ
ʶҶԶԼп£Ǭ੺Ҵ⣬ȼǿѪ֮仯ͷ۵ռ̬ٻɱҶ硣
ͷۣҲᣡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֮ѪȼգڻɱǬ੺ֵĿע£Ҳ仯ͷռ̬Ѩϣڽֳ֮رǬ੺ƴɱһ
㣬㵽ʲôˣôܻطͨ
Ҷ仯ͷۣǬ੺ˣԾʵ
ͷв֪µطͨ˸ѧǬ੺ҶҲˡ
ԾʱǬͬ仯ͷ̬߼ҵɱ
ȵȣҲˣ
Ǭͬ仯ͷռ̬Ǭ੺ɫ΢䣬
˭㶼һ
˵ţҶӶرϵǬ੺򷢶ˮĹƣڽ֮ĹǬ੺ֱ۳صУڵѪҵط
ѵ֪й棬֮˲÷ڶ𣿡Ǭ੺һߵҶ͵Ĺƣһߴ
ߣ棿Ҷһʮ˵ֻ֪ҵ³
㡭
Ǭ੺ĻðɣҶԽţԽûףɣҶǲĻӣһҲֻӲŻ˵ţĿˡ
Ǭ੺̾Ҫâ뿪ʱҶͻȻѣлγ˿µѣ֮ݺݵغǬ੺Ļ꺣֮УʹӦǳһ˿ٻ
ಣ
ʱҶ罫ڽ֮עһرУ˳ȥɽײǬ੺塣
Ǭ󣡡
ڻعǬ੺ʹȫرʱҶһʮһǬ֮ɳ壬£ſµĽͼɱ˹ȥ
ǬʥͨοʮһǬ֮ǼƷ
Ҷǵʥ£Ǭ֮ὣ͹ȫסǬ੺Ĺơ
ס֣ٲס֣ݹҶ㲻ȫڱǺǬ੺
ǬǬһ
ҶûǬ੺ľ棬һʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬻ʮɳǬ޽һӿգֿأռгһؽۡ
ۣ
⵽ҶʩչǬһȫǬ੺ն˳ȥѪߵķݣݺݵԶɽ壬ɽҴһ׵ľ޶
Ǭ੺ΪηҶݣǿƻ֮ʣޣǬҲȡѹԵơ
ǸСִмĻޣͣϵشݿߵķһδδк棬Ѫģ
⵽شǰĹ飬ԳԽٵٶȣ˻ޡ
ң
һ޴ͭײĸֳ壬߸ߵľͭŹףųڽֱӽŹҷ˳ȥ
һ̻޴˻й⣬ݺݵغڻϣؿڶ׹Զ塣
ëȥɣ
һشߣ޳ʤ׷ȫעͭŹУ˹Ź׹ɽĻߡ
µĹŹףһ׹䷲ʯŤգݺݵغĻϣɽͬʱȫĹͷȫ飬شʧȥս
ǿʵȡʤ˾޵ǬҲϵشԼĶ֣֮
ǰľ棬Ǭ੺¶һ˿֮ɫæ˵춼ҵĴ¿ɷͬΪķǣֻҪ·ǣҶϺ񡣡
壿˭˵ˣ
Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿ЦݣԼƵʥȡ˳ɱȻ˵
⣬ѽѽôϣ
Ǭ੺ڹĿҶľޱ֣סƳʷʥʥģҶٻʥʱ˳ˡ
˵ѽôϣ
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣѪʨٻ˳ѪϴǬ੺¡
Ƿ糾
Ǭ੺ԺͻȻֳһӰ鲻Խľ˳
ϳˡ
ŶϲĲҽҶ¶ŵЦݣԼݡ
Ѫݣ
ȷҶݣǬ੺Ĵ󾪣붼û룬ʩչѪҪܡ
Ҷ֮ĶԹɣٴȥԼɡ
ܵĵ𣿡
Ҷٻ׼𣬴һĿĽ⣬˲ס
һ̣ĴͼֳҶ壬ա
Ž裬ͨ£
Ǭ੺ԵʵҪ˺ĴͼĿռʱҶ̳̺֮һ
һ֮£˷񷣬һ֮ƲɵƲ棬ǳһ޹⡣
ͣ
Ǭ੺屻ͨˣѪȪһӿ
Ǭ੺ʵͬףҶʩչĴɱвδһ
ͼɱ
ѪǬ੺׹ʱҶٻ˾ͼͼע͵֮ƾͼ۳֮飬֮ɱ˾ִеǬ੺
䣡
һ춯صıըƷʥͼ£˵Ǭ੺ɥȪ


1227 죬̫
Ǭ੺ͼɱҲܿ챻ޣǬ˻ɱ
ߣȥ׷ۣ
Ǭ੺˵ҶûԥٴŵѪζɵ֮еĳ׷ۣдһ쾳졣
쾳ֱǻ죬̫죬죬ĴžڻС
ΪűѾ֪жδ˷ˡ
޷ս޻ʼ޵ֻ֣ܽؿռ̺תһʵԪ
쾳ռ伫ΪֲŲͬȼ췣ûĵ̺ʵתļʼãҲȿԿ췣ʥﱻܲϧԭ
λǰת֮أתռλǰҪ׼Ҷ罫ǳ˴ͳλǰժõĽԿƻе췣֮飬Ҳ͸ǰԱʱ֮衣
糾ǵĶ飬ǽģϣϼһﻹлᱨ㣡ǳ˷ĵĸм
λǰˣһת޳ɹҶ΢΢һЦ˵һʱ䣬׷죬ʲô⣬ǿǬ򡣡
ã
ǳ˵˵ͷϥŨŨĳ׷ۣͷǿ͸Уһ쾳̺Ĺ
ϹŲͼӡ
Ǭ򣬽ǳڳ׷۾ޣΪת߾ȫ׼ʱҶٻ׵ϹŲͼϵرγ˲֮ǽסɽۡ
ţٻ˴죬ڽУһմ󣬼ǿ˳׷۵Ľơ
֪Ǭ੺кα
Ǭ੺׼ڳ׷۳ؾ϶ܵ׼ҶԵƿеĽƣ͸öɫǬָС
ôŵǹŵȼս£ͼԿ֮ݡ
ҶһǬ੺д󲿷ֶǿ췣ı֮⣬Ʒʼߵʯ
ҲûģЩ췣֮ָǬ򣬽ǳˡ
ЩǬ򣬽ǳ˶ɹ췣ļʡ
Ǭ੺Ҷһһߵõ˲ǿ޵޾ѪõһЩѡ
ЩѶûзҶ绹޷ֱЩѵࡣ
Ҷ罫ЩѷһУںڵһЩ飬ֵԼľѪӡսǬС
ɿճ棬ëԳЩ޵޾Ѫǣ
Ҷ罫õ޵޾Ѫȫָɿճ棬ޣҪ˻ΪͭŹס
֮ҪͭŹףһͭŹףͭŹ׵ĵȼӻ޵ս
ʯ񣬺ɳ
Ҷ罫ʮżƷʯͶ뵽ȸУʥ𣬽ȫڻҺ壬ͭŹУȻ󲻶ϵһƣͭŹУͭŹ׵Ʒʡ
ʱţܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУҶ罫ͭŹһڹŹп̻ƣӲ׼ʥȼֵĻ޺ϲ졣
Ǭ򾭹һʱǱޣ״̬ѣ׼̫У̫γɵ췣ؾ
Ǭ򣬲Ҫ̫ƽҶ翴ɫǬ򣬻˵
Ҷٸô౦һܳɹ
Ǭ¶һ˿ŵЦݣ̧ͷһ۲죬֮ӿնʧãã֮С
ס
Ǭٶȼ˺սƣ뵽ʱҶϵһƲлгŴĳףֳݻĳס
ֲԺƷûȫ׼⵽޾ĳ׹ûϣ
ڳת񲫶Ḷ́Ҫ壬鷲ٽеɻת
ûдߣûתϣ
죬Ǭ⵽׹ѽ˾£ǿĵ׵ֵס˳׵Ĺɵ˻켫£˺뵽˸ӿֲ̫С
䡭
Ǭ̫죬̫еһɽ̫г֣ɱǬ˲佫ûˣɢҶϵĲлꡣ
ҶлʧһɲǣҲӵһ˿̫еܡ


1228 
磬Ҳȥתˣ
Ǭ̫죬ؾʱǳ˽һƬĻ꺬Уɽ˻죬ת
磬˵Ƕܳɹ𣿡
οɰҶߣƯĴ۾ǵ֮ɫ
ܣǶܳɹ
Ҷ˵ͷ౦缫޵ǬʵȽţ̫ǻͻʧܡ
ܿ죬ǳ˽뵽˻УҶϵĲл꣬ٴο˻е龰
Žǳ˳ųףڻпƶѰת֮ʱҶӵλڻУͨĹš
ҶĳţǻǵĳţǵĳȣֻСݣڻУ۶ɵĴţΡĸɽʥַ
ڽǳ˾̫ԶҶ޷ӵܣʱ䣬ҶڽǳϵƲлͱ׻ٵˡ
Ѱҵʵת֮أǳ˳˷ɳ׹ע壬Լķ֮ת
ţҷһƿ
ӵŵݣҶ𺳣Ƕ˫ȭзĵ
Ǭ򣬻ǽǳˣת޶Ҫʱ͹̣ͻƾ硣
صȴڼ䣬Ҷ罫һֱǬг˯ܼŮٻ˳ѡ
ܼŮʱӲԾһ˫ֽǰҶ˿ֻź;塣
㲻Ҫ£û˺㡣
ܼŮӽŵģҶ֪Щı˲ĥļ䣬̾Ϣһ˵
ңҲ£
оԼڻʱû⵽ַܼŮİһЩ
ʲô֣ô䵽ģҶ
ҽ꺭ǰЩҸŸĸѰһʱǸˣܣ̵ɱҵĸĸǿн°ߣ¯ÿղɲֱ޷ٲɲŽһۣ
꺭һҶ峺۾ԥһ£Լҵ˳˵󣬴˳۾˳ģϧ
ɶǸ̫ɶˣ˲ϣ
һԵ꺭ıСͨ죬ߵ˵
ãֲñˣ꺭ϵˮһƽһ
ǿԸıģҶЩͬؿ꺭˵㻹ǵ˵סǿȥ㱨𡣡
ģ
꺭Ĵ۾˵
ζɱǸĸĴˣֻҪһ߱ϣ
ģ㱣ֻ֤ҪҵһɱΪȥĸĸ𣡡Ҷ˵ͷ֤
лллл
꺭ͻȻ˵ϣҶͷ˵
ҺܼЩԨԴӦӻܼңҶ㽫꺭˵ɷңܼںηΣ
ܼ֮Уã
뵽Ҷʵ͵λԼܼҵĴ꺭ûлҶģܼҵĴ巽λԼҶ硣
û뵽ܼҾȻ
뵽ڵ棬Ҷ粻ɵ¶˵Цݡ
ʱ䣬ؼңܼһݴԵҶ˵ŵҩ£ԻָصԪ
ţ
꺭ӹҶĵҩ붼û̵ֱ˶С
ʱһȥڵȴǬ򣬽ǳʱҶȽԣǿĨȥеӡǣֽӱµõǿ˳Ų͸
ԣǻľ޷⿪ܣڻľǵصĽѪ޷Ӧ
գҶֻܷսǬУԣͷųǿ͸Ƴ׷۵ϹŲͼ޸ͼеƣָͼ
ֹ˴Լʮʱ䣬ƲڵͻȻһ£һɿµϢƿգԼٶȷ˹
Ǭ򣡡ɫ԰ף弫ѪʢǬҶ֪ɹͻƵؾ¶˵ЦݵϲͻƵؾ
Ҷ٣㽫Ǭ੺ңûнŵȼԪ£ԼǷͼ̫ˣ
Ȼɹͻ˾磬뵽̫쾭֣ǬȻ£²ѡ
Ԫ¾ˣǬúù̾ɣڲõĽұ֤ͻƵ쾳Ҷ΢΢һЦŵ
ллҶ٣
Ǭм˵صǬнгʱչأؾ
Ǭͻƾûãǳ£׷Ⱥףȥ˷壬ɹתΪ˾ܡ
תĹͬգڽ˳׵
ÿ˺ȥĻ꣬ںӵ֮֮ܵ飬Լŵս壬ɹת
ɹתǳ˲ʵһԪǶҶ˸мµľŶ͸Ļ͸Ҷ硣
λǰҲǬй̾ɣʱ䣬ǻ½޴½ͰάˣҶе
˵꣬ת޳ɹͬĽǳ˴ͻǬٻõۣ뿪˳׷ۡ


1229 
ΪƫƧһΪΪƫԶټĵԼĴڣûн͸
ڿĵطһ˼ɽɽжأ޳ûʮֵա
ɽ֮УһƬԲʮľĺںϣһûԺǽͼľƵĶ¥
ɽľ󣬿׶¥УȴʱŮʹİ
ǵɱ꺭ĸ°ߵĵط
ʱڹЩҰķУһˮͰֵĹľ׮׮ϰһ·ƣ¶˿˿⣬ĿɢŮӣŮϲһĿĵı޺ۡ
ȻŮɫңĿ׸Ǳͷڣܱ׵òҪǣ꺭һӵʡ
ٺ٣֪Ҳ͵͵ܵ³˰ɣ
ɫۣӲߵļֳһմˮĳޣűԼĥȥŮӣ¶Цݵ
ɱң
Ůҧŷ׵촽ЩĴ
ûôףҷѾǧץ¯ɲ꣬ôýɱ¶һڶĵĻԹԽŵҩȥúòӡ
˵ţ߲ŮӲͣһɫĵҩС
ԹҲɲһᣬֵĺãҾͲĥˣ
˵ţ߽⿪޺ۣ弫ŮӵһҵĴϡ
꣡
ҪɲŮӵʱһ˺ѵķѼѪµĽƱӲ˺ˡ
ʲôˣ
һæ·߳ľ󣬿Ҷ꺭Ľƣ˹
㡭ʲô
ɫ޳ȹµ͸һĨ԰ף֮꺭üͷ΢΢һ壬˵
ɱģ
꺭޵ؿżߣҧгݵ˵
ʲôˣ
ͫһĿתƵҶϣʵ
϶
ͬǿͲе龰Ʋסеɱ⣬һԾ˼ߡ
ƾǡ
Ȼ㱬ֲΣңһᣬһīɫĶס㣬ţԺеĽơ
߷ĶķѼѪƵģһս޻ڣʱҲʧȥս
Ѫ̫£Ѫǳ˶½ļޣ߷Ķвԡ
أ
ԺеĽƱһȭˣڼ߾ֵĿע£ǰһȭؿϡ
꣡
ߵؿڱһȭ飬ѪƬ
⵽ش͵Ǭָų˴Ķ˺ҧ㡣
໣
һţֲ緢ֱӽϮĶȫ飬ݺݵغڼϣֱɥʧս
㣬ôû£
˵صļ߷֣˴ĶȻû£¶˿ֻ֮ɫ
㲢ûлشĻѸƵ󣬳ڽһţɨ˫ϣɨȹǣ߷Ҷˡ
Ҫɱң
عǷ飬˫ȱ߶ϣȫʧȥսļߺˣƣϵġ
ħɣ
źĸĥԼʱĴˣ꺭۾ʱѪɫֳһذףֱӽնѪ罦˳
ԺеİѾŮҲ˳ߵѪʹధʱͻȻҡҡλε˹һֻĸץҧߡ
꺭ͱŮӵĥУ߰ʱԽԽգ꺭ŮĥĲΣʹ
ͨ
гˣΪȥĸĸ˳𣬻Ѫ꺭˵ϣޡ
ͬңƿЦŮӣҶͷץ꺭ڵϵذףͱԼУ׳ҵķʽϴˢ߸衣
磬˵ôôˣСȭͷЩ˵
̫ˣʲô˶УҲΪʲô˶ǿԭֻԼǿˣܱԼ˲۸
ɱŮӣҶ̾Ϣһ˵
ҶʵȫԾҶ翴أԼܾһΣȴȲһ
ǽ˰ɣ
Ҷ˼ߵűŮӵʬ壬ҵһɽˮĵطһĹѨˡ
߰ɣȥܼң
Ůӵʬ壬Ҷûоôɫͽȶס꺭뿪˼ɭ֣Ԧۣɽ֮С


1230 
֮Ϊʢһֽʯֽʯ̺ǿ׵֮޽֮⣬֮ϲʯ֮һ
ҲΪʯĴڣ޽֮֮ʿ࣬ʮĿɣʯԽԽ١
񣬴󲿷ֽʯƿԵİУʵ£Ը޹Ƿͻ
Ҷӣһٶ͵ܳˣ
ɱ˳ˣΪȥĸĸҶĨȥ꺭Ժвּ䣬һֱجв԰Ρ
ʧȥʹļ䣬꺭ÿ࣬Ҳ
ߣȥܼҿ
Ҷۣ㣬꺭Ůͽܳȥ
أһģ󣬵ʮֵĳǳسҶǰǳأܼƿصΨһһǳܳǡ
ȻܼûˣܼȴӪţܳǴľʮֵķ͸ġ
š
ţҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ͻȻͣ˽Ųܳһïʢɽ֣¶һ˿֮ɫ
ô˳磡
գŴ۾ͻȻͣ½ŲҶ磬ʵ
ɽиоһ˼ˡҶ΢΢̣¶˵Ц˵
˼ˣСԴҶ磬˵磬⻰ʲô˼
ңȥȥ
˵ţҶ΢΢һһӰͻȻʧԭأһû뵽ƬïʢɽУɽһֱµٲԡ
Хٲ£һϰٲˢˡ
Ȼٲߴʮףӿµٲȴ޷˵壬һµĽȫϽܼٲˮ顣
ģǽģ꾹ȻӵҶδĽģ
Ҷ羲վٲߣ۲һٲµ꣬¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
һδȷ£ȷǰ꣬˽Ľġ
Ҷ޽ʱҲģһ޳ɣڽһ;Ͻӵױȵ޽츳
ܿϧҶ̫ӣ޷ר޽ʼûġ
պڻԵɺ£޳˽꣬һ֮·
˭ҶĽŲͻȻٲµ꣬͵۾ŻҶ磬ʵʲôˣ
ͷʪ͸һĨ԰ףӵһ˫۾͸ż㲻֮ɫ꣬Ҷ΢΢һЦָһ㣬һĽâ˲԰ꡣ
ͻȻ⵽԰ɫ΢΢һ䣬ЩǱһȥܿҶָĽâ
԰䵽ӿٲ̶ʱбâƿ̶棬Ҷ緢
ĵˣȻף
Ȼ԰ʵֻһս޻ʾ磬Ľâȴó棬ս޻ʸֵĹҶ¶˰֮ġ
ಣ
һĽâҶ壬δȲ԰¶ϲɫҶ类һâģ
ٶȲӰ
ԼոշĽâ̴ֻҶٶȲӰ԰ɫ䣬͵ˮ̶ԾҪ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ˣ
Ծе˲䣬һĽâݹ£â֮ǿȫĺëֱ
ɣһâУԼ뵱
֮䣬԰꼤ȫǱһ̬ڰŤ壬ܿҶĽâ
䣡
ҷٲ̶⵽ҶֻնĽâ룬ڿ½â£һΪٲˮþ޷ںһ
ʲô£ʹɣ
Ҷ翴žܵĲ԰꣬¶ŵЦݵ
׽ƣ
԰һҧŽĵϵӡһ׽âɱҶ硣
⵽԰겻ӡ׽ƹڰеҶ粻ܣϵص㶯ָһָâƵ԰Ĺ
Ѫȼգ
԰û뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀ£ԼʩչǿĹκβûûģһҧǿȼѪ֮ʵһ
ȼѪ֮˲䣬ͻȻʳһѪɫøӵĲ԰ףȻȼѪ֮ܵ˷ɡ
䣡
Ѫ֮ǿʵ԰һµ׽âϵغҶ磬ҪҶˣһ˿ܵĻᡣ
ţʷѪ壡
ȼѪ֮ȴĲ԰꣬Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫ΢΢һһף˺ɱ׽âڲ԰ǰ

Ҷһָؿϣǿĵֱ֮ӷסȼյѪĻӰдٲ̶ߡ


1231 ܼ
ҰˣҪɱҪ㣡
ʶҶµʵ԰һ˿ˣ˫һգЩ˵
벻ѧҵı£
ڲ԰ЩʱҶ⿪еĽƣ¶ŵЦݣʵ
㣬⻰ʲô˼ѵҪΪͽ
԰͵ſ۾Ҷӣʵ
ûȤͽܣȴЩȤûϴܼҵ˰ɡҶʵ
㵽ʲôˣ԰۾һɣʵ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣĽġо԰۾͸ľ֮ɫҶ¶˵Цݣ˵
㡭ô֪˽ģ
ǲ԰ܣûиκˣҶһڵʱˡ
Ҳ֪޳˽ģ֪ڵĻѪ巴ɵھ
͸֧һ˾²ÿҹѩ죬ѴʹࡣҶ翴ԾĲ԰꣬˵
㡭
Ҷ粻ϵصԼܣ԰곤ͣ¶˲˼֮ɫ˵
Ȼǿ־˾˴ʹ࣬ʵʹ಻ήͣԽԽأչ㽫Ҷ˵
ңһо𣿡
԰һҶ磬ʵ
ҼȻܿȻа취Ҷ¶ŵЦݣ˵߰ɣȥܼ˵
ҶȻԲ԰˰֮ģȴ㴫ͨҪͨԼĿ顣
Ҷתɽȥ԰ԥһ£ȥ뿪ɽ棬һۿʧ꺭
꺭㡭
վߣͤͤ꺭԰ɴ˫ۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
꺭һʧ٣ܼ˲Ѱδܷǵټ²һӦˣʱ꺭ȴˣò԰˹ȥ꺭㣬Щȥˣôûи
Ҹ׺ĸ׶Ѿˣ
Ų԰꣬꺭¶һ˿֮ɫ΢΢Щ˵
꺭㣬׷ʲô£ʲô˸ɵģ԰¶ŭ֮ɫŭʵ
꺭ĳѾˣ߰ɣǻܼ˵Ҷӻ
꺭㣬ʶ԰ɴ˫˵
ҶӶ;֮ûҶӣҲгΪĸ𣬿Ѿˡ꺭Ȼʧ˲ּ䣬ҲһЩҪ䡣
Ҷӣлл㣡
Ϊ꺭Ĺϵ԰ҶľĴؾһм˵
ˣǽǰɣ
˵꣬һ߽ܳǣܳǶǵܼҸȥ
ǰܼҸ;УҶ֪԰ݣܼμӣܼҸܲã붫ϷγͻͻԴͷܼ䷢ֵһʯ
ա
ͻȻһٵʵ׵ĸֵ֣ĽֵֵĻҡ
ɶǶϵˣ̫ˣȻڽֵۣȫȻܼҵĳǹݽȭͷŭ˵
߰ɣȥܼҿ
Ҷµϵ˵ӦûΪܼҷֵʯԼӿ˽ŲܼҸȥ
ҶһܼҸʱܼҵѪĵڵϣܼҴŸǱ飬мɢһء
̫ϵ̫ݷŭ˵ܼҸУܼҼɫۣ˫޻׵ɫС
е֣ǲϵصγѪ
үүˣ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףӸǱѪȾ죬ǰʵ
С˲£
Щ簮ؿһݣҡҡͷ˵
үүζϵţǲΪʯ󣡡ŭ˵
ζϵţΪʯ󣬶Ϊѩһ˵˵ܼԸ⽫޸С檣ʯǵƸ񣬷ǽǿʯ󡣡
ﱰɵĹʲôô϶㣬öС檣̫ˡĶͷϱ˵ðɡ
֪ǲὫѩ޸ǸԱڶѡǾʦռʯ󣬵ʱǾ״浽壬Ҳнڡ
Ϥ˶ϵıߺ޵˵
Ǻñɣǽʯ׸壬һ˶մߵ˵
ҲΨһİ취̾Ϣһʵ᲻ýʯ
ʵûôӣ
ͻȻһƽѹֵܼУҶ꺭˽


1232 ܼ
꺭
ͻȻֵ꺭סˣ꺭үүȴ¶˿ϲ֮ɫѸվ˹ȥ
үүүү꺭ˣ
Լˣ꺭ۿ죬˵
ͺãͺãΪ꺭øɾ۽ǹŵˮ꺭㸸ĸأôûиһ
ĸ׶ˣ꺭ţ龭˳ҶΪҲ˳
лл¾꺭Ҷϱ˳𣡡Ҷؾһл
ˣҺܼЩԨԴӦܼҽһԵҶ˫ַ΢΢һЦ
ܼϣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ҷ˻ɣĦġ
ܼѾ꣬Ҷ̫ᣬôҲ޷ܼϵ
ܼ㣡
Ҷ粶׽۾е֮ɫҲ⣬ӡͨԽھ򽻸
⡭
͸ʱͫ类һ㣬ֱסˡ
磬ôˣ
ʧ̬ģʵ
꺭£ȥȴ
һסĵ𾪣ݿܵ
үүҺҶҲʶܲҲ£ݿϱ仯ɫڴ˵
ðɣҲ°ɣ
ʮֿݣ˵ͷͬ
磬еʲô
ȥڴв˸ƣʵ
ܼҶʢʱڵĵһͨԽţһ
ʲôͨԽţ
˵һҶ췭ظı仯û뵽Ҷ羹ȻʧܾõͨԽŴ˻
ҶӣͨԽǴӺδˣ
Ȼ˺ܶĲ²⣬Ȼ޷ţҶܼйϵ
ͨԽܼϸҵġҶ絭˵
ѵܼδдϲæʵ
ܼǣܼʹһˡ
ܼ϶׹ֻأҷˣҶҡҡͷԼҵַܼܼʼľ˳
ô˵ܼر䵽ϣסĵ𾪵
޷ϣͼڣҶʵ˵
̹֮棬ܼ̽̽ҵƷԣܼƷԲãܼҼͻ뿪ھͼβỹܼҵġ
ҶӣܷǿͼһɫƽҶ
ҪҪؾͼҶ΢΢һЦʵ
ϼȻͼ˹ӣȻΥϵԸ˽ҪؾͼοӽͨԽŴѾǴˣֻۿܼҵһݣ͵
ãǿɣ
ҶһƷʥͼٻ˳ݸ
ͼǾͼ
ḧžͼزͬ뵽֮С
Ҷӣ֪ʲô𣿡סеļͼҶ磬ʵ
ûУֻչܼңǽһԵҶҡҡͷ˵
ǹӿɷܼұסǽʯ󣿡뵽ҶһʼĻϲʵ
ֻС¡ҶЦЦ˵ҹ̬ǲһֱδܽѪ廥෴ɵ⡣
Ҷӣа취üͷһƣøӼ
ţһŵ취뵤ϵĶֻҪܴ룬ҾͿ¯ʱǾܽѪ໥ɵˣҶ˵ͷһŵݸ
ϣʮ֮ЩɵۣΪܶණδ
ҶıȴŲɣۺãսؿУ׼ܼеѼѰҡ
Ҷӣһʱ䣬λСסܼҰɡ
ȻҶ羳粻ߣϵ۹⣬˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ˵
ݣٴҶӣСȥԺϢûҵκ˲ôҶϢݺҶӽ
ǣүү
ݵͷҶ뿪ãǰľԺϢ
磬ôˣ
Ҷ뿪ʵ
ǲῴ˵ģҲܸܼĻᣡһ֣ص˵
ϣɣ
ҶʵֶΣ뵽Ͷ淢ͻĺ΢΢Щġ
ҶӣΪͽ
ҶԺҧһ촽ͻȻڵϣ
˵ˣûΪͽĴ㣡ʧ㣬ʮԲ͸Ҿڶö򡣡
˵ţҶ罫һö̻ʮ֮Ƶ͸¶ϲ֮ɫݣ߽˻ţԺС


1233 ͨ
ס֮Ҷ˼ݣóһöӡŴƵͨ
ͨƸͨͨȴĹͨΪؾ硣
һؾ磬ѳһӵбʵڶؾ磬ѳľӵбʵؾ磬ѳӵбȫʵ
˽ͨؾ磬Ҷ¶˵Цݡ
ͨȻѶȲСȴһʮʵõͨ߾磬˲Լڹؼʱ
ԺеҶԿٵǿͨ
ͨѶȼһûʱоУһؾ硣
Ծһδɱ䣬üΪ죬Ҷ绨˾ʱ䣬ɹһؾ硣
ͨ񣡡
ҶһȫĻ˲䱬зѳһһģһ̬ΩΩФӰ
̫ͨˣԼ棬Ϣһģһ
ʩչͨѵľҶ¶ЦݣͨԷܶ¡
ϢһᣬˣҶǿо׼ʱڷ⣬ڵϢ򿪷˳ȥ
ô͸Ҹ𣿡
Ҷ翴һϹڵϵݣʵ
ʦҵʮ֮ƣѾϤ͸
֪еҶ˽ĴҶ˸м
סҲʦûʦͽ֮Եպ㲻ٳƺʦҲٴκζҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ϵľ
ǣҸγƺǰ
¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫΥҶľ棬ʵ
պһҴɣҶЦ˵
⣬ôУ
ȻҶ粻ԸΪͽУҶΪʦΡ
˵оУҶ绢Ŀһɵ㲻Ը⣬߰ɡ
Ը⣬Ը⣡ݻֵ̿˵
ݣȻھ粻ߣ޳˽ģպؽ֮ϣ̫ǫ
ҪסպȡúεȳɾͣһҪرģҪҰɱ˫ۣҶĶ
ǣݽǴĻ֣صص˵ͷŵ
㣬ʮ컹ң
Ҷ͸һöӡʮ֮Ƶ
лл磡
˫ֽӹҶݼ˵
ȵȣϵˣ
Ҫȥ͸ӡ̵Ľ֮ʱҶͻȻס
ɶ񣬶̫ΪܼҺ۸ݽ˫ȭŭ˵
ݣϵ˾ͽˣǵòҪܼҵ磡Ҷ⿼ݵ֮ģ˵
İɴ磬ҾܼҶ˵ģ
صص˵ͷǰܼǰԺ
ʱʮϸŵĴ˽ܼҸַ˳ͻ
棬Ǻ⣬Ϊôܼң
ŭһˮɫۣͦο࣬°¶ϷЦݵӣǳ
ܼ׵ģκܼļҳԲѷû취ֻܴѵһǣ֪Щǲģ
ųƶϵһţ弶ս޻ʾĶ汳˫֣ܼҵ˵
ôĿü͸ŨŨŭΪ壬ƿ
㲻üңҶȻհⲢӰȢѩľģԵ˵ܼ֪㿼ǵôԸԸѩ޸С檡
룬ô㣡
һŭݴҴҸĺǳ
С˭
ͫһб⣬ɫʵ
СԵ棬ܼҲӭ㣬ʶĸϿܼҶ㲻
汳˫֣ĴЦһҾվôҲ
ˣ
滰䣬а׹һһĳУŴ̶ƿһ˶ؿڡ

弶ս޻ʾĶ棬û뵽һս޻ʾݸ֣۾бŨŨɱ⣬ͦεиֳһֻµĹӰ˻
ˣ
ĳһƣӰΪ⣬ڽУǰâֱ۶ݴ̳Ľâӡ塣
֮ƣ
һûܣ˽֮ںʮ֮ƣڽеļƷУһƥнâһȥ
ǣ
һϵܼıУݱʮಽĺͽ֮ƣƵ˶ӡһơ
˼û뵽㾹ֵܵһƹܼҲǷ
ϷʵؿˣѪݣһٴҪһشܼ


1234 Ե
ݿ
Σգһ־Ԯ
ʱʵǵĶϸһһҹǣϾ־Ԯݡ
СҾͻ֪Ե³ҪȫĹͷһſڵģ
ϵŨˣµĵ֣ݷһ
ݻ꺣ȴҶĻҲܸܼҶˣҲܺˡ
Ѫȼգ帴գ
һҧˣȼѪȫһƴ
ľ붫̫ԶƴȫҲֵסĴɱС
Ŷ淢ĹԽԽݸеϢĸо͸һĨ԰ף۾ȴ˸ż֮ɫƴȫһȫһ
ͻȻһɳܵѣӿĻ꺣УһӦһ˿ٻĴɱбӲˡ
ͣ
Ľâݹգޱȵϣֱƿһ˳ȥڰ˴Ѫ

ſϷͷĶϸ֣Ŀö汻һɣѪһĻɴ˫ۣ¶˻ģ
ɱɱ
˦˦ԴɢԺеѣθУѪֹؿڣ
ɷĶϸַ׷ںޣֳµĵΧݣҪɱΪ˵Ķ汨
ݣ
عܼҸֱݡ
磬ոһǴ簵гְң
űԼһ˵Ķ棬Ĵ󶨣ֳƷɱڵĶϸ֡
ݣ³ç㣡
ݲĳ˹ȥɫ䣬ѵ
Сȥɣ
ϸ¶֮ɫ׷ʩչµɱУҪɱݡ
ͻȻг˿µشѣ֮ݺݵغ˵Ļ꺣УһԳ˶ݵĿհס
һ̣һɫмٵ죬µĽâֱӷѿϡ
һݽĺͼ֮ӵ˼££ռ䶼һ£ҵض
ͣ
һ̶˺ϸֵ鲣һˣµĽâݺݵϣиǵ壬˳ȥ
ʵףﵽļս޻ʾ磬ǿһǵ壬ǵɱ
ʲôôܣ
ļս޻ʸΧݣȴһ˶˰ϸ¶˲˼֮ɫݵ˼ر仯
ϸֱǰһĻҲ¶˲˼֮ɫ벻ͨΪͻȻô
ģ˭ǣָվ
˵ؿվһֻŭʨ
ಣ
һģӰڶһţɰĹȹĽСſɰͷͻȻڶǰཱུС֣ݺݵس
ȻͬΪ弶ս޻ʾ磬ʵǿ̫̫࣬ȶеڶӦֻһɳݺݵسԼϣһƳչǣһƳ˳ȥ
أ
ڰһĻȣݺݵ˵ϣѪͶѪֹ˳Ŀġ

Ŷ汻һƳɣϸһ׷׷ܼҸֲݣʹధĶΧм䡣
ɱɱ
ĿҪˣҲû뵽Լᱻܼҵ˽ѵôңѪɫ۾Žοɰ˫ֲ㣬ŭ
ƾǼϺз
ƯĴ۾͸һ˿ɫһһӰ˹ȥڽ֮˶ϸ֡
ꡭ
һͷëȻ
ʮϸȫ㱬˫ۣʹİڵϲϵش
ãǿ
ĿնҶشϸֵһĻ˱סˡ
û뵽޺ϲ㣬ʵ˵Ŀֲͺɨ˶ϸ֡
֣Ȼ˾ȱƾһѾͷסܼңܼҾ͵ųҶϵŭɣ
Ȼʵֲ̫ܿСˣ˴Ķ沢ûнһݻ뿪
˭Ѿͷ
΢΢һס˶˵·ƯĴ۾бĿĽ⣬˵
ҡ
ɢĿ֮Ʋɵ֣һشĻ
ư˲ɣ㣬ո˭
㿴ǺĿ˸Ķ棬ͱ˵ʵ
ңû㣡
뵽ʵֻҧʣ˸߹Դ˵
ž
һİ
һƣݺݵس˶ϣһƽɵ㵱ɵҡ
㣬㵽
ؿ㣬ʵ̫󣬶ƴˡ
һܼҸҽһ˺ιŵ˵Ķβըˡ


1235 
㡭ѵҪҶϲݣ
ܴܵĶѪɫ۾ŭ㣬߳ŭ
ôù㶫ϣ˫ֲ㶫Ҫݣ̷ǡ
㡭
汻޷˵
ޣ˭ܼңһȫĹͷɢƥɷһֻ¶Ϲޣؾ
úãǹ
ҧݣбĳ˼֣˺۵Ķϸ־Ҫ뿪
Ƕ˲ɣǹߣס澡ʧĶ棬ǳ
СѾͷȰòҪһҶˣӳԣ
һ˫޻ףմѪգ˫۱۶ϴǰĶܲס裬ؾ
أ
䣬һ̤˵棬һȭ
ڽ֮ȭâݺݵغϣһȭڰС
δһͻȻڰлһѪ
ҿ˭ϻһȭߣ㿴ɫ䣬ܵŵĶϸ֣ɱȻ˭ȥǵ³
ɽڲûգǻȥеǰ취ԸѾͷԸܼң
˫ȭգͷϱļƽĶ棬ʵסĶϸַ׷״Ȱ˵
ããӮˣ
ҧŷݣ͵һݵ𾪵Ŀע£һֻɥ֮ȮܼҸ
ܿ죬ƮŵѪζܼҸָƽ˵ȴôҲƽ˾η
㣬ֵĲ
ʱĻҶ绺˳¶ŵЦݣ˵
磬Ϊʲôҽȫɱˡ
Ҷ紫̲סĶɱˡ
ֻСѣҪǴ㣬ĻĴ㣡Ҷ¶ŵЦݣĪĴ
ҶӣС㣬ллǽΪܼҽΧ
һɫ޳ȹĸȣƤѩһ˫˸˲⣬ʵţʮƯŮӴȺ˳Ҷؾһм˵
ŮӣǶһҪ檵ѩ
Ӧõģ
űѩƯѩҶ΢΢һЦ
յΣȻˣܼ붫ҲˣܼҳԴ˴ĿŵӶʯĽˣЩǵ˵
İܼ㱣֤ûܶǵĽʯ󡣡Ҷŵ
Ҷӣа취Ը˾𣿶Ͽ˾򡣡ѵ
ʱǾ֪ˣҶ΢΢һЦص˵

棬ô˵ôأ׷ʲô
ǱصʱڶȻ󲨣峤ĸףƶϵĶӲԼӵĲ״Ȼŭʵ
ףһҪǱ𰡣
˲̫ʦϵĶ棬Ľܼҵ˳
ʲôܼǿԮǱһʮСˣ
궫ĽӲüͷšһ𣬸е˷˼
ǣǸѾͷʵֲ´ﵽս޻ʼޣ
뵽Լ裬ͺ޵ֱ޲ַܼңǧС
ܼƱҪסǽʯ󣡡Ӳ۾˸ŵ֮ɫСܼһЩ֣
ֻǸѾͷ֮ûм֣Ǹｻʱ⵽һɿµ˳˴Ҳ²ܼҿ»֣˵
ô
궫ĽӲָϵûľ˼һʵ
ܼҲϧҶϾѣҲҪסǽʯ֤ǽʯ̺ḻһҶϱҪᵽܼ֡ĸ֣ҾòΪ壬ĸֺǿǾû
ϴ϶ӾһƮɢŵĲˮط
˵ûܼûʲô벻ʲô֣СѾͷ֮ôҾӦý˵ҩҶÿ˵ĽڣַܼҰռܼҷֵǴʯ󡣡߲׷׸͵
ҹ˭ԸӧȥܼҵĽʯܼ̽̽ҵĵƣӲ˼һ£˵
¾ͽϷɣһܼĸ֣
ʵﵽս޻ʼ޵ĶӾеĲ豭̬ɵ˵
ãǾʹˣӲ˵ͷɱȻɱʯеܼˣܼһ档
İɼұ֤ýҹΪܼҵجΣӾ˵ͷ¶ɭȻЦݡ
ܼңǾ͵űҶŰɣ
ӾҪ֣Ŀ¶׹ĬԺиֳܼѪɺӵĳ¶˱Цݡ


1236 ȫ
ҹɫȣ¹ּ䣬㣬ڰɽһЩܼȡ
ҹ˾ʱһȰӰھܳǲԶɽмٴɽܼΧڵĽʯ⡣
ţûˣʯ󸽽ȻûܼҸػ
ӾʮϾӢҹʯʱûзһܼҸ֣¶֮ɫ
ܼҲµҶϻ˵Ľڣǿʯˣǰ˼֡жϸֲ²
Ϊܼĸֻ棬û뵽ҲֽϻӾ¶һ˿мҹȰռʯʯв½ƣպܼˡ
˵꣬¶Ź°֮ɫĶӾϾӢǿƿ˽ʯڵĽƣ˸ŵĽʯС
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ƿ˲䣬ʯĺ֮쾪ףòٶϾӢеĤ΢ģʹ಻ѡ
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װĺӾɫ΢䣬׷ٻԵĵס壬ֳ¹ʯСʯƶ
ôһֻ
˳źӾ˿һͷСɽ㣬ͨɫȻڽʯ˯ĺġ
ϣҪҪȻɱͷٲƣ
Ȼǰ￴Ʋǣʯڱصãһϳϴѯʵ
׼ͷ˯֮ʣƵɱӾϴ
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ŶӾһ£ϾӢ׷ԵĵŵעĻǵһſŻƺҹǣ˳˯еĹ
䣡
һ޴ı𣬿µڹСɽըγޱߵľˣʯҵĲ
໣
ͻȻһ춯ص
⵽ĵŵ˯еĹˣŶӾ˻µ籼ϢĳӣӲ̫ĶϾӢ֡
ֻͬһĹǻָ¼ʥ޾Ļޡ
ʲôôô
һ꣬߿ѪĶϳ¶˾֮ɫ
ģ˭ȫҲѿѪڣֵ
뿪
ӾҲ޵ʵסɫޱ䣬ҾôѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء
үү˯ߣ
˵ţɽϢֱӳ˶ӾˣҪǿֱӽѹ

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κΣ޵ʵֲ̫徭֮ϴ񣬸ޱȵĿ£ѹŵŵֱӽ㲻Ķϸѹ
ܣ
Ӿû뵽˵Ŀֲգ֮ʮϾӢɥ׷ʩչٶͨѸܡ
й⣡
ѿѪһ貵֮⣬һᴩ⣬žŶӵĶϸ֣Ϻǵ壬ǻɱ
羪֮ĶӾӵʯʱȫɱˡ
Ѫݣ
ӳʯɫɷףûһ˿ѪɫĶӾ붼û룬ϧ۵ȼǿѪҪʩչѪܡ
޵ٶȳ̫࣬Ѫʱصײ˻ӴϣͬײһΡľɽݺݵײ˻ͷѪ
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Ӿ˵ϵĵ
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֮ȫɱҶʬ𼣺û뿪ǽģ¶Ӿ겨ͨѶӲһϢ
ţٻһ죬ڽʯϿղһɱס˽ʯ뿪
ʱӵҶģ¶Ӿ겨Ϣո§С檹˯ĶӲѡ
ʲôʥޣʯһֻʥޣǰȥӶʯĶϸȫûˣ
ѶдϢɱĶӲ͵С檾ֵĿע£ҴҴ·ϸ߲ټһ


1237 嵽
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Ȼе˼Ҿ֮ϵϵ˵ͷ˵
ҾֿԲڣȻһôշһֻʥޣܼʥ޳ᴦҶϣжϳϷ
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Ѿϵˣ²ӦˣӲɫ˵
峤˵᲻ܼҽʯ׸壬õıӻǽʯеʥ޾
Сһɽ룬۾˸ǹâ󻤷˵
ţ󻤷뵽һȥˣͶ·£ܼȷʵпܽʯ׸壬ѰǵıӻӲ˵ͷ
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ȲҪţһжԼĲ²⣬ȥݷ̽̽Ŀڷ磬Ӳһ˵
ܼгֵظ壬ΪܼҳˣǶڶ˵֮֡

ҶӣôҹϵϮܼҵĽʯ𣿡
Ҷһ˷ܼҸʱһҹδ˯ȴӴ˳ŵʵ
ҹϵϮ˽ʯ󣬲ɱˣҶ赭д˵
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ʵԶʤܼңǱʶУܼҲԸ붫ս֪ҶɱܼҸֵ飬¶˵֮ɫ
ܼĶϵıҶ΢΢һЦ
Ҷӿܲ¶ϣܼȴò壡һ
ܼҶ硢򣬲¶ϱ֪Ҷǲһֱܼңһ뿪ܼҵĴüΣա
İܼҺ뿪ҲƴһУ鷳ģҶ΢΢һЦ֤
Ҷӣûô򵥣㶫ηʵ汨Ӳһֶۣκܿ£а취ֶԸǡ
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ͻȻܼҸǰԺһɧңҶǿ͸ƣоʮϢĸڵĴܼҸС
ĺܿ
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׻ôˣ
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ӣ廤Ȼûת˾Ҳս޻ʾ۷֣ټվȻ׿УһЩϹϾҵ
վһĿ࣬¶Ų֮ɫӣǶ峤Ӳ
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廤Цһؿ
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⿴ӲϹŵЦвŨˣæ˵
ܼҵ̺ҿʲôô󵨣Ҳ׿¡ݿܵ
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¶һ˿Ϊ֮ɫ
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׻Ϣŭܼûð˼ֻǣֻǡľ棬г˿ֻţæ͵
ҡ
ʱһƽֲǰԵѹֵܼҸҶͬ£˹


1238 Ҳ
š
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򣬾˾ܣҲ£ͫб֮ɫ
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СӣҸһĻᣬԹԹҿͷٽʥ׸壬ҿһ㻹ܼңһвϵ˸ŵ׹⣬λߵĿ˵
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ʵŵѩҲǰһĻˣҧ촽Ҷ磬Ҫ֪ʲôʽǰ鷳
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һȭɰ׷ߣ̤ԳӰȺУ춯صʩչԳһ崫ͨ͵Ĺشһ壬ϸ֡
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Ӳ۵ͼ飬Ҳͼʱһȥ
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һȭӲᵽŨŨвԥȼѪһѪܡ
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ΪڵĹϵҶ粻ֵ̫Ҳƻ֣ûɱ䡣
úã֣
ʵµûоôƲ˻뿪ˡ
Ҷľ棬ûзϣ֪Ϊڵѱһ߾ʬ塣


1239 ܼҵľ
ҶҶӣС㣬ôҲˣ֪µĿº岻ưոݵģ
Ǳ뿪ܼҸžһƬɫҰ׵˵
СѣҲʹˣҶ΢΢һЦɫݵ˵ı
Ҷӣ򣬿֪ܲж£Ը巢ͻ쾳ʵͨ죬ܵУ̾ϢһĿµ˳
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Уδսǵţοܼһĩеܴ裬ǰܼңΪֹ
ǿѹ˱
֪忤ǰܼңȼѪǱӻضϵĶӲ¶ݵЦݡ
оܼˣûз̵Ŀܣʼ֣׼Ż̲ܼҵռۺĽʯ
˼ߴϢ״ܳǸ֪Ķܼߵһʱ佫ϢС
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֪һϢйƤһƨϣͷð˴亹
һϢ˵ͬ뵽ֻ֮УԺѾԤеܼŲԶˡ
ô죬Ǹô죿
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ڳ˵뵽˼УȻΨһܼҶٵİ취ȴô
ϾҶܼжҶ֮巢ͻҲΪܼҳͷ
οǱʶУоҶ绹ĵƣֿ΢΢
УҲͬ⣡վҶܼжǲ¡
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ͬĳϵĻܼΨһĻᡣܼϷ׷׸͵
λϣѩһ仰ʱĬѩҧһ촽ҶӿܼʼܼҶɹѹ֮ˣһйܼ֮ʼ滹ܼҵһͼʼῴ˵ġ
οԣҶӻշһֻʥޣ壬һ̣
⡭
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Ҷ˵ʶڵͨϵһ£ûˣ̾ϢһͬѩݵĻǲ£ҾҶǲս
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Ǹǻǻ㲻߰ɣǳȥȴ״ǣ
˵꣬վĿ߳ãǰԺȴֵ
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Ҷεȵǿڴ۷׷ʱҶͽǵĶԻȫ뵽˶С
вδϣڸոգѾϵ˺ڵ¸
֪ҪԸҶ磬ڵȻŭ֤ƴµġ
˺ڵı֤ҶڷеϢȴǰַ֡


1240 ״
ಣ
һ̶ƿڼžܼҸϿ
ţһɳ˳ܵϢˣһΡĸɽѹϢ֮ǿ˫ȷԼվס
ݣѩСǱɿֲϢѹ̲ڵϣѪɫ
˼ԽԽǿϢѹڵʱܼҸԺͻȻɳİɫָһָƿգֱӽܼҸĿϢˡ
˵ܼôԣԭ˸֣ҲȲܼң
һɫۣ絶Ƿ˸ŵâӴһ֣ܼҸ⣬λߵĿǳ
ӣ׿һˣ忤״һΪﵽ˾۷塣
״ҽͣ鲢ӲͷƤվҪ͡
ûʲôý͵ˣһ֪³״۾˸ŵ׹⣬ɱȻ˵
״ܼԸ·һʯһ棬ܼ·
״ɢĿϢһԴֵ̿Ľ͵
ߣʯ󣡡ɫ۾˸ŵ֮ɫ˵Ϊһʯֲ壬ֵС
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ҶʱͫһϵԵ֣뵽״ʵʱ˵۵Ÿ޾Ҷ˵СӣҲ˭㶼
ұһκ̫ϧˣ
Ҷҡҡͷ̤ǰһ
һ̣ͻȻģѱٶȳͫ΢ᵽŨŨв

״û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀ滹һɱ廤Ȼŭ޾׹˸һߣɱҶ磬Ҫɱ
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״ŷ׵繥Ҷ粻ֱӳ˽ȥԵ˺˿׺ɱһָ
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ȼѪﵽʵޣ㱬ڽֳ״
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ǿֱֳӳ˻籩У״ҵɱ
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⣬Сôôǿ
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֮࣬иӵĵǣ״˴ˣľͱˡ


1241 Ҷ
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״ɱǧʱԵ״ʩչĴɱУؿںһȭ
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ҶݵףѩеĲͻȻʧˣգŴ۾˼ҶúεֶΣܼҵΣ

ԵʵѹסĹƣ״ͻȻʩչɱУһ˲㷢һظ߹һصɱУת֮ͼǻޱߵˮϮ㣬Ҫɱ
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ץסˣʧصʱһŵȼĳ״Уƹ͵ڽ˹ŵУһ
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ʲô׼ʥս£
ŸֳҶף״ɴ˫ۣ¶˾֮ɫ
֪׼ʥսµļֵ壬׼ʥսҲıֻ峤߼λ˶̫ϳϲʸ񴩣Ҷݡ
ѣ
֮ʣҶлγ˿µѣ֮Ļ꺣УһӦһ˿ٻ
ͨԽţ
Ҷһգ״ͷһ̤ڽγ˿µĴӡѹأݺݵ̤״Դ
֪Σգ״ѸٷԵʵֵҶµİԽš
䣡
״һڽ֮һŲ˵棬ҳһӡ
Ȼ״Եʵ˴󲿷ְԽŵĹµˣĸܵ˼ش

ͷѪ״˵ز㣬ֳǹҪɱҶ磬Ѫϴˢ衣
Ǭ󣡡
״֮ϮҶһȫӭ
ʮһƷɳ壬ɿµǬͼҶǰ뱼ϮڰмҵĶԳ⡣
ʮһѼƷһﵽ˭
оʮһǬ֮ĵȼ״иˡ
Ȼ忤ҲֻһŵӵһƷ
弶ս޻ʾҶ磬ӵ׼ʥս£ӵаʮһѼƷɣҶǷӡ
ǬһǬһ
ǬֵסҶ״ڰмɱˣʵʼ½ʱҶưʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬻Ǭ޽һն״
״ɱбǬһնŻ֮նɽӴǬ޽ݺݵն״ͷǹϣһն˼Ʒȼǹ״Ӱն棬ش


1242 ̷
ס֣
Ҷش״ʱһ֮ԶԶشܼҸϿ𣬾þòɢ
һ̣һٶȼۻƾ죬ܼҸϿա
̷ϣ
ŷɳۣϽɫƳۣüëѩףƤڣ͸ŲŭƵߣ˵״¶˿ϲ֮ɫƴ
̷ϣλߣλ̷ϵʵǴﵽؾܶµͨ
Ȼ״λߵ̷Ϊλܳǣĳֱ֣Ҷ̡
̷ϣ
֪ɳ֮˾Ȼ̷ϣ˵ֱӵ뵽Ԩ
ҶäĿݵݣѩˣҲ¶˾֮ɫ
ϳʥף
˱Ԧ۶̷ʱҶ̤ͻȻ˵״ǰµϳʥ籡һеɱ״
¡¡
һı״ֱӱϳʥƵѪ
ס֣
̷û뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬵Լ滹ش״ʱŭˣ޾Ŀӿ壬һֻµ֣գץҶ硣
ͭ꣬𣡡
״ոҪɱ㣬ȫҶ̷ۣϳ֣ҶҲ׼Ź

һ״ǰֱͭӸ״˫ȣѪȪһ֫޴ʹ״˹ȥ
˷ˣҶ絨̫ˣ̷ϵ棬Ҹ״˫ȣˣ
ĿҶն״˫ȵһĻڳˣǲǰһĻ
̷һ˫ȱ£Ѫֹ״ǰͷŵӡס˫˿ڣιһŵҩŭҶ磬ŭôĵӣϷǰ忤
ûɱѾˣˣѾʬˣ
Ҷ̷Ϸŭ񣬰ԵĻӦ
ÿСӣ̷ϣɱΪ״𡣡
ҶĻһըеŭŭҶ磬޲ý̻ˡ
㲻ҪΪ˸޿֣״Ŀȣһ
̷ϲҶڵĹϵֻǽӵܼ鷳
û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀ棬ն״˫ȣնɱ˻ȫŭ
֪ҪʲôҶ̷ɢĿϢ˵
Ȼ̷ʵǿҶ̫࣬ҪҶҲס
Ҷ粻ִԺڵĶ飬žԼɱ״ҲκβԼ
״ȣҲҪȣ
̷ɭȻ˵һɳϢϵɢγһķУնҶ硣
ҶͫһѨγڽ֮鲼ȫӲ̷ͷŵƷС
䣡
ƷҶ籬ײһγһǿˣϯܡ
ʵ򣬾һҲøţ
̷ֳһֻµĹޣӰںһʱ׹籡壬ٷһ㡣
Ǿ嶥ֵʵɣ
ʵǵ̷ϣҶûһħѪȼգ岻ϵذθߣȫƤ˳ɫһ㣬Ҳһʥޣﵽڽ֮
û뵽㻹ƣʵͨ죬춼Ѹˣ
˵ţ̷иֳһƷȼ·ˮɫ߳
ѽ̷ն忤һ㳤ϼѽη֡
˫ȣϷҪˣ
˵ţ̷նһһնϯأµĽҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ܼ˸е̷һ¶֮ɫǺɣһ֮ǵ
Ǭ󡣡
ؾ̷ϣҶ粻Ҵ⣬֮£žŰʮһǬ֮ɳ壬Ǭͼ̷ֵһ
䣡
ǬͼҲһ£һѺڽͼӡ
̷һ᲻ɴݵǬͼȻѣҶԾĹ
Ǭɱ
ǿеֵס̷ϹҶһѰǬ֮ӶһƬܼĽ̷꣬ϡ
׾
ʮһǬ̷֮ʩչ崫е׵籡壬ëĿףǬ֮ڰмҵĶԹ
ǬʥͨʮһǬֶ֮ǼƷֲ˾ܱҲ
̷̷ʵ죬׾崫ʮĶ
ÿһĹ˼ƷǿһǬԳ⣬Ҷ˼ѹв
أҶĹƱ̷Ͽƣڽڰˡ


1243 
ƣ
̷ŭһ׾໥ڣγޱߵ׺ֱǬҶ硣
Ҷ磡
ҶΣգݶʱŵĴ
ѩŵñ۾Ҽȥ
ãð壬³
ȴ¶˱ЦݣȴҶ촦һĻ֡
ӣ
ؼʱ̣Ҷٻ˺ڵӣס壬Ӳ׾Ĺ
ˣ
ӱޱߵ׺û˿µҰϵط׺Ź
ӣ׼ʥôϣ
סҶ壬·쵴ſӣ̷ϳɴ˫ۣɫ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
Ǭ֮Ǭһ
Ҷû̷ϵľӵֵס׾˲䣬ҶưʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬽ͭУնһ㣬̷ϡ
һն·ض룬˵ͫУӳһͨ쳹صĽɫߣƿ˵ףݺݵն̷ϣòһܡ
һֽն
Ҷһһ޽âһգһɡ
һ쵽˼飬쵽޷۲׽һ·̴¶޹⡣
ͣ
һĿĻ̷սϽ䣬µĽ͸ս£̷壬˵һѪ͸սѺ͸˳
ʲô̷ˣ
ôܣСֻ弶ս޻ʾʵô̷ܻϣôģ
ĿҶһ̷ϵһĻס֣ˣſǰһĻ
û뵽ʵܻңֵҶȫ
̷Ϻɫ¶һ˿ŭ⣬ͼֳ壬йſµĵ⣬ʵ
ͼ£̷ϵʵһ׹ǿΧĿռ䶼
Ҳʧ
Ҷ絭˵ͼصͼеͼ֮ͼֳ壬ĿսҶͷ
ĴͼȻ۳Ĵͼ
ĿҶ۳ĴͼһĻӶҵܲ
ĺܲͺʵȻ۳ĴͼȻ޷ıˣ
̷ϻǵ۾͸˵ɫû뵽ҶԵ򣬾Ȼϡ
Ѫȼգ
̷ȫ֮ģȼ˿µѪ֮һʵ
ʱ̷ϸ˵ĸоһɽ̺Իصһ
֮ѪѪȼգ
ʵǵ̷ϣҶҲûв׾ѸȼѪ֮ٻѪħͼںϽʵ˼ޡ
ħǰˣ
оҶѪħͼںϣйĿħ̷Ҷݣ۾͸ĺӵǿңҶɱġ
¡¡
һ̷ϴſµ֮Ҷ硣
׾
ʵǣ̷ʩչ׾ӵĿ£һɫһﷶΧܼҸ̷ȫ£ҵĲ
ͼƣ
ޱߵ״˷ϯҶͼٻ˳Ĵͼйĵƣڽ˾ͼУžͼ۳Ŵ֮飬գ˺׾Ĺ
ڤ
ҶĴͼй⣬ͼʱԼ˿µĴ֮Źڤ̷ϵ꣬ӻĹ
ۻף
⵽ڤ꺣вǿҴʹе̷һͷϳһֻɫֻۣʱһɫȼĻ׺ɱ˺˹ڤһХҪҶ顣
֮ŭƣ
̷ʩչͨϮҶϳʥףʥˮںһ𣬻˿µ񷣣籼Ϣ֮ӣᴩգӭһХĻס
¡¡
ͨײһ𣬱أŤŴĿռ䣬ÿռ뵽֮С
ȻܼĿ˻󣬵Ҷ̷Ͻγɵƻ̫£ܼһܲס˵Ѻۡ
䣡
Ҷ׼ʥȼ׵ֵסɽϯĻʩչϵ̷ͨ𾪵Ŀע£һʮɳͨѪɫͷſŤӴ˺˻ռ䣬̷ϡ
䣡
̷ͼޱߵˮڽ˫Уһ˲䣬ӡһµĴӡĺϮ䣬ԾԵֵҶʩչĴɱС
үү˵ҶܲӮ
˫ȭҶ簲Σɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ŵʵ
Ҳ֪˭Ӯ֪ܼˣЦһ˵
ܼ״ﲻ𣬸οУƿ̷ӵпȨ̷ϣʤܣܼҶŭ𣬱
Сĺܲܽвҽһ
ֵס䣬˫Ѫ̷ֹϱһҪʩչǿɱУҶ緢һȡ
ͻȻƲһ£ҵгһֻ֣˷Բռ䣬һΡɽѹ̽˻ҿռеҶˡ


1244 䶨
䣡
̽£ҵĿռʱ뵽žУʱ·һ̶ˡ
һ̣ʧˣҵķ籩Ҳ֮ʧˡ
׷ʲô̷أ˼ôˣ
ɢȥ类һȫɵۡ
ǿ̷һʧˣѺ۵ĿռУֻй°䲻Ҷ硣
ÿµĴ֣쾳ʵ𣿡
뵽ץͯһ㣬̷ץߵһĻҶľ𺳲ѡ
ʵ͵ƣȻܺһؾܼսһ쾳ǰȻһ
״Ҹӣһպٸңûû
Ҷ縩ŵɴ˫ۣĲ״°ľ
ߣ
״ȻˣϾ˾ܣ͸籩ץ̷ϵһĻ
ܸ۳֣ץ̷ϵˣ岻ˣټҶ粻һ̬Ҷݲη壬ûҾôٱԼĶȣԾͣڰеϡ
˵״ηҶȥʣµָҾô׷Ծ֮ϣǱ뿪ˡ
󣬴磬ոշʲô̷ȥˣǺ۳ģ
Ǳ뿪Ҷߣηʵ
̷ϱץˣҶ絭˵
ʲôͨȻ̷϶ץݺһʵ
ܼոһսܼƻʵڹⲻȥӽӦòΪܼң
ҶûлشݵĻĿͶ˵
ҶӴܼû
Ҷؾһм˵
ҴӦϵģȻӻǵףҶ΢΢һЦ˵ˣҺȥϢˣؽ¾ͽˡ
ܼշ¾Ҫȥ֪շ£ܿ鷳
˵꣬Ҷ㣬ܼ˾ηĿע뿪ˡ
磬˵ܼҵΣĽ𣿡ֱڣ޷ŸոշһĻһεĸо
СҶˣıܲ򵥣Ȼñܣץ̷ϣһ
磬˵ֵˣҶģһ
˵أҶӣ˭ܼҡ˵ˣϢκ˲ýշ֮˵ȥ˭й¶ҷź򡣡
үүܼҷϢὫ췢й¶ȥ˵
ݣ㻹̫ᣡô޲÷һϢ𣿡ҡҡͷ˵ҲҶӵܼжɽһ졣

ôܳǵΣûб״𣡡
ȥܳǻָƽʱӲضߣҪ֪ܼҵ
峤ѾȥûܼҲûб𣡡
ʲôܼû£Ӳ۾һɣʵȷǻš
ָܼ£ؽǶţˣߵ
ô׷ʲôôŹܼҡӲüͷһ𣬿˼š
˵ϣĻǵļƻ˿գеĲ
ʱܼҸΧַǲ浽׷ʲôҶϴܼҵļϸҲܼĳǰ뿪ˣ޷֪Ϣϸ˵
ѵܼҽǸ׽壬׳˽ʯ󣬻ȡԭ£
ɫˮĶӲڴⲽ뵽һԽܵĿܡ
峤ǻҪҪԸܼң϶Ͽʵ
ȡһжԸܼҵļƻ̽㣡Ӳᵽһ˿ѰϢ
Σܼ»ָƽ֪Ϣܼĳϵ˻ں޲ѣƤҪܼҡ
ӵҶ紫Ѷûнǲᣬ˽ĳϵˣһЩǮƣ뿪ˡ
ݣѽ㣬ҵõѽʱѽ֪ңһҲҪ˽ˣ뽫һԵˣҽ㣡Ҷ罫һﵽƷȼ֮͸ݡ
лл磬һû˴˽
˫ֹؽӹ֮ű֤
ˣȥɣϣ뿪ܼǰʵܵõԵ
ͨǰЩӷ£Ҷݺ⣬úŹŵ
ʱһȥ
̷һսҶһֱܼұչأر䡣
ΪҶ罫շĸںһγ˷֮ûжĻʩչر䡣
պҪ취շʥˣҶԺвɵøֳʥʥ


1245 Ĺ
Ҷӣͨ˼Ǯδҵݣ֮ǵǴ˺üݣ
ʱһȥܼΣ֮ͨѼҶҩϵ
ֻдӸϽܼҵϵȱݣܼҲϣ
̫ϡˣܼҿؼͣδҵ
ȷʵȽϡ٣ҲҲҶ
Ҷӣ֪𣿡ʵ
УҩЧܶࡣҶҡҡͷ˵
ȥ취ɣһ
ܼ֪׿û׼ݵĹĹҶ˼һʵ
ĹѵĹѩ׵üëᶶһµ
֮ϲһЩʬ׿ЩݾԶĹĹܿҶ˵ͷ˵
Ҷӣȥڴ̽Ϣϲ͹Ĺ򽻵Ӧ֪йĹݣ
ԺݼҶ硣
Ҷӣݵ˵ɽϷһݾԶĹĹݹĹеֺۼǹĹӦô֮ã˵գھҪݣзģĹеƷ
ĹĹãĹӦҶ˵ͷ
ܼǼ̽ݵϢҴȥɽϿҰŪҶ¶һ˿Ȥ
ãȥݣʮݸҶߣҶѧһЩ
һӶĹ򽻵ϲһʽ֮ͨڽ׵Ϊ֮ۺı˴Դ
ƾЩԴڵʵϵչĴ塢ԼϹ塣
ȻЩ˲ܵһֱ˲ƣݹĹǰ򵥣㴫ʮĵڣҲھĹ֡
֪ڼɽϾзĵϢ¶ŨȤ׷׸ɽϣҪĹг֮׳
Ҷ磬ǰɽˣ
ѩɫȹƤţ̰ϸ壬Ϣţپµѩվ۴ͷϣָԶһⰻȻеɽö˵
Ҷֻ棬ȴܲסѩĿ󣬲òҲ˳
ÿµɽϵĹĹ²ֹ֮ã
Ҷεȵǿ󣬵ͷųȥʱɽһʮֿµ
֮ǿ˲þ߱ж
߰ɣȥ
Ҷۣ㣬ݣѩͽɽȥ
ʱһھòĹĹɽϣܶ絽ʿۼڹĹܣȴĹݡ
֮ˣΪĲᣬļ©ʼߣٵļǮڷĵر
˵Ƕһļ飬Ҳкܶڷпۣĵ˷Ʒ
㿴Ƕ棬ȻҲˣ
ҶһĹʱһͦΣӡ뵽ӣѩΪ檣ܼҵĶ档
ݷ˶棬ҲҶһˣ۽Ǽⲻɵһ£ɫüѿ
뵽ҶʵûеƣصȴĿʼ
ӭǰμӷģ
ŸʿԽԽ࣬һɫۣؿڿһ˵Σز˶ƨͦ۰ŵ£˵Ů˾ͬ³֡
ջŮӣǵϪ
ȻϪƯֶκɱ飬ʮĴõ壬˸Ҵע⡣
֪ڵĹ˵𣿡
һɫۣ׷ԲԵ߱˫֣˵
а̣ɢޣһΪﵽ˾۷壬ӵжԿؾܵʱ
ǻδףĹ˵ݣȵ飬Ĺڵʱ䳬꣬вƷƷʲ֤λУϪһЦö˵
ꡭ
ȴĵ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫĹĹ¶˻֮ɫ
ԽԶĹĹĹѨеƷԽһЩҩʱֵǲƣ˾ܳ
ˣĵȴһᣬʱ֣صʱ򣬽пݣ˵ȤɹϪ΢΢һЦ˵
ţ⣬ΪʲôĹиоǿҵĽ⣡
ҶĵȴʱһֱݣڹŹ֮иоĴڡ
ʱѵƽݣ
ȴһᣬϪ̧ͷһҸ߿յս
ǣ
һڵڸֳƽ̹£ӡĹĹˣ¶׵ĹѨ
ܿƵ͸ĹѨӿռɭȻɲ


1246 ŷϵ
ʱһȵʱ䡣
̫ʴ£ĹѨеٵɢ
ĹѨеϡʱڸֽ뵽ĹѨУʩչڴַٵھĹѨ
ܿ죬׵ĹѨԽԽ͸ĹѨ¹ʯӳ⣬˿˾£ɴʯĹĹڹ
⣬ǿĽ⣬Ĺѵһλ޴ܵĹѨ
ݵ쵽˹Ĺ֮УĹѨиоǿҵĽ⡣
ʱǱ뵽ĹѨеĵڸ֣ȫƽĹѨеĽƣһ֮˳ϪС
ˣڿʼзģһ۸ߵã
Ϫֳһ⼣߰ߣģ˼ǿɱо޷ȼĳ
Ҷ磬˵ѽô
Ϫеⳤûзر֮ʵ
ѽƷʲҸоѽӦһƷ
Ȼѽʴĺڳʿһʱ޷ĵȼӵԵҶ磬ظоѽĵȼ֪
Ʒ
ݵһߵȼĽҶһ֪֮һ֮ǼƷ۾ð˻֮ɫ
Ҷ磬ܽ⼫Ʒ𣿡εĴʵ
ԣѽʴ̫޸Ҳܷ۷ڵҹļֵһǧƷ꾧֮䣬˾ûҪˡҶ紫
֪ˣݵ˵ͷʿ۲Ϫеⳤʱݵһ۵Ʒ꾧
򡭡
ݵĺۣ˵ĿˢˢͶţٶѽȤʿ׷׺۵
ܿ죬ⳤ۸˾ŰƷ꾧
һǧƷ꾧
ȻʱݲƷ꾧ܼҲޣǰѼҶҩϵģ˴Ļ꾧ֻǧöƷ꾧
һǧһƷ꾧
޵һҶˣ붫ϸִһ£ⱨ۵
ݣҪˣ
汨ļ۸񣬳ⳤı۸Ҷ
һǧһƷ꾧мӼ۵𣿡
ıۣϪµϸֳЦݵ
ȻûУһ֮͹鶫ӹУȴһᣬϪ˼Ӽۣö
˼ˣ
֧Ʒ꾧¶ЦҶˣЩҫ˵
һǧһƷ꾧һƽҲֵҫԲػԲأ
ҶҲܽѱʴأ𻵵ļƷָйûиѽ졣
ƽҿǼʰɣ
˵ţǬָóһƿһֻɫ¶ȼߵҺ壬صĵϣȵĸ£ϴȥ˵⼣
⼣ɫҺһϴȥʱϵЦˡ
֣ѵеƻȫ𻵣ûƣѽ޼ֵ
棬ǲǺԼҲ㣬Ŀ֮ʵ
Ŷˮףֿ˻˿һΣŭѡ
ݣŲһﶼĲҧгݵв
ţ
û˵Ҷӻ
ȻǮһ·ɱҶǮҶĲ϶Ȳϡ
ãƣ
ûҶ֮¾ģϧҲҪҶˣһ
ڶܼ֮ĳͻϪûֹ¶ЦݣΪȳͻпܴĵļֵջ
ڶ֮һɹޣɹУƷʲ͵Ĺŵ
˵ţϪӴɹóһ޹⣬ȴŨҩİɫҩ
ŵ
ϪеĹŵ˵
ŵļֵߣõõŹŵȫ֡
Ҷ磬жƷ꾧ܲܽһЩ뾺Źŵ
ܼǿŽ弶ս޻ʾ磬ĹŵļͻƵս޻ʾ硣
ŷϵһĲֵ
Ҷ罫Ŀӹŵߣ˵
ɣŵҩ˵ŨôǷϵɵ
ֻǼ󣬵ŹŵҩȫɢȥŹŵҩЧҲʧɷϵҶ紫
˵꣬ȴԼ۵ǧƷ꾧
㡭ݲʵ
һѶϵˣʵһЩҶ΢΢һЦ


1247 Ӳ
ߣ˵ˣҽҪһ񣡡ҶıۣһǧƷ꾧
ǧƷ꾧
滰䣬˾İ̱۵
һָоԼܵõŸոճĹŵȫпܿԽļȥ̫սɽתؾ
Źŵ̫󣬲̳־ģҲ׷׼Ӽ۾ġ
ܿ죬Źŵļ۸ͱ˳һƷ꾧
һƷ꾧мӼ۵𣿡Ϫ¶欵Цݣ˵
һǧƷ꾧
Ҷ˼˼һᣬ۵
š
ҶıۣüͷԾһ¡
ո֮ԸҿºڣΪܼҵĲЩ˽⣬֪ò̫Ʒ꾧зġ
Ҷ磬ҲûзУţһ˵Ĳһ廹ࡣ
һǧƷ꾧
һҧӼ۵
һǧƷ꾧
ΪͻƵؾɢްҲƴˣӼ۵
磬Ҿòˣŷϵҵϣ
ŵҩļ۸񳴵һǧƷ꾧ʹ΢΢Ĵ
Ҫ֪ܳǵܼңһƷ꾧һŷϵҵϣ˵ܼҵԪ
İɣзִ磡
Ҷһֱڹ۲춫ı仯ͨı飬ҶȷŵҩȤֱӱ۵Ʒ꾧
ڼ۸һĹΧһƬȻ˵ĿˢˢɫȻҶ硣
ǲҪƣƾôܴƷ꾧
ڵļ۸񳬳˶ĵߣҶı۲ɣɫĴ
ܲǵ£ûǮ͹ԹһԿţҪۣһҽУҶ΢̣¶żЦݣ̼
㡭
¶֮ɫԥҪҪӼۡ
ݣѩҲһ̾¶ŷϵϡ
۸еˣһ׷ԲԵߴ
ŹŵƷʼѣƷ꾧ļ۸ֻͲߣҾܼҵõŹŵŹŵ£вҶϵĵλһӼ۵һǧƷ꾧
һǧƷ꾧мӼ۵𣿡
ŸոճĹŵ۸ϪԤڣϵЦݸŨˣʵ
ʱҶûټӼۣҩʧĹŵø˶档
ɫİҲòҶͶԽ䡣
ãȻû˼ӼۣŹŵɶӹĵã
ϪװŹŵĴɹ޽£붫˽ס
ҵģǹԹԷɣ
ԸĵŹŵ¶˵ЦݣƵ
棬Ҳ֪ɵǼɵڶƷ꾧ĵŷϵֳҪǵô㲻ɣҶ翴һĶ棬Ϸʵ˵
˵ϵͷϵΪ˭ɫ΢΢һ䣬ŵ˵
㲻ţ԰ѴɹеĹŵóŵҩǲѾʧһ룡Ҷ粻ΪȻ˵
⣬ô
ŽɵĶӴɹóһŹŵͷӦʱɫʱࡣ
ҵĻ˰ɣ
类Уȫɵ۵Ķ棬ҶЦ˵
ոң
뵽ոҶ粻ϼӼۣԼֻۣһɳŭǻбҧгݵؿҶ磬ŭ
Ҿ㣬˭ɵôƭأҶ˵ͷϵ
㡭
㱻ˣӶö
ôܣŶŭһǰ˫ֲս߰˵ҷ㡣

ͱˣսӦսֻҧʡ
жϳ֮ʵ
Ҷ˵׼˷ıʵ˿ĿûȣϪ࿴Ҷ缸ۣ˼
ǲǿԼȥˣ
Ҷû˵ѯʣĿͶϪ˵
ãļ
ϪҶ¶ǳǳЦݣִóһзġ
Ĺڵʱ̫Զܶ౦ﱻʴأƻ˱ļֵҹĹûݳ֣Ҷһֱδ־ġ
ŹʵĹӵʷ˴ǵļֵߣʵĸʵһʵķԾ
ϪһнӹͨɫɢŨŨ̬ЩĹʵؽܵ
ĹйȻ
Ϫϵݣѩ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫǿϲı鱻߳ŭ˴Ķ沶׽¶֮ɫ


1248 
Ʒ꾧
׽Ҷ粻Ϊ⣬˱ۣһ˳Ծļ۸
Ҫ֪ĲᣬżȻ̫вܼɵ
οȻ󣬵˷ò÷ᱻˣƷ꾧ԶԶļֵ
ڡ
Ҷ籨ۣ۽Ǽһ£۵ɤۣûҺ
Ⱥ֮ϵƷ꾧ѾˣҶѾȷҶǷ񻹻
οҶ籨֮ݣѩԵĽˣȻû㹻Ʒ꾧
Ʒ꾧мӼ۵𣿡Ϫؿһ̬޷ʵ뷨Ҷ磬ʵ
Ȼû˼ӼۣλĵãȴһᣬϪټӼۣ
Ҷ磬Ʒ꾧ݽŵʵҶҺۣǺء
Ʒ꾧ѣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦɫݵ˵һöǬָݸ˵ڸ֣
ģǼһﵽ˭ôôǮ
Ҷ磬ͽܼұ뵽οѩѾãһжҶƻˣöоҶĿǡ
ҶϪֽƷó˼ֵƵݡ
޷ҶȤûٳ֣ȴı֡
ʱ󣬷Ҳٽβûһ뿪Ϊ֪ͷϷϾҪˡ
Ҷȼ˰ɣڿʼ
ԾԾԣϪһЦڸ̧֣شͭŹ״ĹѨз˳᫲ƽĵϡ
ҶŹ׺ȤҪ£۰ɣҶԸӦһͭŹף۾б⣬ʵ
һˣҵǺ⽫Ź׳ۣӲǳˣΪ˱Ǯ޷Ź׳۸ӣϪһЦ̬ʮ㡣
ʮƷ꾧Ҷ米˫֣˵
ʮڣôǮ
Ҷ籨ۣһƬȻ׷ײ²Ҷݡ
Ͼóʮڽзĵˣָ
˼ʮ
ʮƷ꾧
Ϫ˵껰Ҷ۵ö˵Ӷ
ȻϸһҲ޷óʮƷ꾧зġ
ʮҲУϪһҡҡͷ˵
һڼƷ꾧Ҷ翴Ϫĵףɫ䣬Ӽۡ
һڼƷ꾧
ϪһҶ˼ر仯
磬һżƷ꾧ԶһһٿƷ꾧ΪƷ꾧̺Ļ̫ûʣԸüƷ꾧һƷ꾧Ե¼Ʒ꾧ӵ
Ը⻨һڼƷ꾧ͭŹףϪ״ˣ˵΢΢Щ
ݣѩˣ𾪵˵
뵽ԼȻڿҶڴ˴ηһ񣬶һط
һܽڵ㲻ÿŨʱĥҶ˵ͷ˵
㣬㵽ʲôˡ
ҶһܣϪӵ𾪡
ʲô˲ҪҪҳͭŹסҶ¶ŵЦݣ𾪵Ϫ
ã㣡
ҶıȫݿϪߣοҶ绹пܽվͭŹҶ硣
һľ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһöǬָӸϪ
ӣ֪βܽڵ
һǬָеļƷ꾧Ϫʵ
һŵ뵤ϵҩȥܼңҸҶָһһдҩݵĵϪ
ӣʦ
ϪһƤֽдҩݣԾʵ
Ҷ˵ͷˣûʲôˣǾˣܼҵ㡣
˵꣬ҶߵأߵͭŹԣƿ˹ŹױĽƣһ˫˫̰Ŀע£ͭŹսǬУ뿪ˡ
֪ǹŹ׵кʲôĿҶȥӰ۾һɱ⣬ʵ
ǹŹ׵ҲϪҡҡͷλˣǺڡ
˵꣬ջķϪҲûоôŵڸ뿪ھһյĹĹ
ǰҪҪһɢ۾һâ˵
ߣϷϵĶûߵģһɭȻ˵׷ɱҶˡ


1249 
磬׷ǣ
Ҷһ˻ܳǷȥʱĸ֪Σճ֣˵
֪ǲĵģҶ΢΢һЦ¶һ˿ߣȥǰɽֽǡ
˵꣬ҶһԼ٣ԼٶȷǰԶһľ죬ʯᾣθӵɽС
һὫһս²£
Ҷ翴ɫ΢΢Щŵݶˣʵ
£
ݶҡҡͷͬ
磬ǿΪÿһλǿߣҪѪϴҪɳҪѪĿ飡Ҷ˵ͷ˵
İҶ磬ǲʧġһᶨ˵
ҿطʺϸĹأǾǰɣ
ɽһɫ˵ɽȣҶ޸ϹŲͼٻ˳Уסɽȣȴ̵͡
ôˣ
ʱһƿ𣬰̵ȶʮˢˢķɽɽУҶΧм䡣
ʮвûж棬ݺѩĸ⡣
ҿطʺϸĹأ
Ҷ绺תĿ¶׹⣬ɢޱɱỊ̇˵
ɱǣƾǼС𣿡
оҶֻ弶ս޻ʾʵ̸ûнǷЦһм˵
磬Ǹͷң
˼ƷȼĳƯĴ۾ȼս
ãսپ
ǿ״ȣвСʵ࣬ʵȫɱ
໣
һ춯ص޺һХ˲ĺµֱƯİƶɢˡ
һ̣㽿Сϵر˲Ϣ֮䣬˽ͫԳ壬µϢɢڳˡ
ޣСѾͷһֻޣ
ı壬ǰΧɱҶĸַ˾ֵĵɰǲûȥ
䣡
һ̤˴أֳּƷһƶĸɽɫ΢İ̡
ϢϮ£ͼֳ壬йĵ⣬㼯ڰ˫֮䣬˿µĴӡɱ¡
ȭ
ӡϮһȭȫѪ֮һγĩ֣֮ӡµĴӡײһڰγޱߵķ籩ɽȶ
ʲôǸСѾͷȻ̵ܺĹ
ĿӲ̹δ·磬ǰɱҶ˵ĸָӵĳԾвһ˿
ʱҶ̤ŲӿնϣһŻɽͼйŴĽ֮ƣ˶ʮ֡
ɱ
ҶϮû׷ٻԵĵŵĹҪҶɱ
Ǭ󣡡
ҶУҶһ󣬰ʮһǬ֮ɳ壬ٵǬͼֱӽһɱĵ飬ǿƻ˵Ĺ
ʲô
һǬ֮ڰб˴أЩ˻ˮ
ǲȴ֮ʱǬ֮Ϯɱգ֮䣬ʵ׵ʿͱǬ֮壬ڰлɴ⣬ɥȪ
գ֮ɱˣҶһʮһǬ֮ٵۣʮɳŽ֮Ǭ޽ѿٵصľ޸ն˹ȥ

Ǭ޽ᵽǿҵв붼û룬Ѹһܡ
ܵ˲䣬Ҷлγ˿µѣ֮˻꺣УһӦصĳٻ
أһ
Ǭ޽ն£оɥǬ޽֮£Ѫڰб˲
Ҫɱң֪ˣŹҰɣ
ʮҶɱʮˣ˵ʵȫݿʣʿķ¶˾֮ɫĵ
̫ˣ
ҶҡҡͷΪһӿգأµĽâֱ˺˼˵ķ׹Ȫ
ĿҶɱֵһĻ㼤ɱİҲ¶֮ɫ
û뵽弶ս޻ʾҶ磬ʵ˵Ŀֲɱս޻ʸͬɱѴ֮
ҶµʵʱȼѪһµѪӰӸֳ壬ŻصѪ֮˰̡
䣡
ҵղһ¡
ӲѪӰ̵ӲѣµѪ֮ӿУƻ壬ˡ
Ѫȼգ
屻ѪӰˣĴ󾪵İҲʼƴˣѸȼѪ֮仯˰˰޻ֳ̬ƷӲ㷢ĳˮơ
ݣѩǶԸ
Ҷ̤Ų˺ʣʿƴĹһˣݺѩ
Ѫ׹弶ս޻ʣݺѩ׷׼Եĵӭȫ
˵ز׾ǻ뿪Ϊ
ڹȿڣһֱδĶϸ֣ҶʵסҾôѸ뿪
ãߣ
۾͸η֮ɫĶ˵ͷѸɽȥ
ˣ
֮ʣֻײ˸ɽϣǿķ֮Ƿ˻ͷѪ
󷨣Ǳˣ
ܵгֵùǽϸɫ䣬׷׼ԵĵùǽҪƹǽѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء
棬ǲð׷ˣ˾ƲͼҪ˵ˣ
Ҷǿ̬ɱʣµ֣̤ɫĶ档


1250 һ
㣬㲻ҪҸոѾ֪ͨҶ棬λϾͻ˺ǣұ֤λ治Ź㣡
ĿҶɱ¾ĺֶΣ汻˵λ˾ҶʩѹҶһ
㶫Σ
ҶָָѪӰѹƣỊ̇һ˿˵
֪ˣֻҪϷŹңҿԸ꾧㱦֤ٲΪУ
λʵڲ֮䣬̶㣬溦ˣòġ
ߣ꾧㶫ǵҵҲңҶһм˵
£ҶϵǳһУһΪǱ𣡡
޹ϸֲò塣
ܿϧҲȲǣ
ҶҡҡͷΪɢĽȫ˶漸ˣһֱڲϵĸо־岻ѡ
£ʵǿȣ̫ԶȰ²Ҫһʱĳ嶯ԼϸӲͷƤ
ҵ̷ϵ棬ն״˫ȣ嶼κβңοˣѵԼ״󣡡Ҷ˵
ʲô
ɴ˫ۣ顣
˱ϢˣİҲ¶˾֮ɫ
Ȼ޷ֱҶ绰αȴǲ˺ڣδ̽Ҷʵ£ɱǡ
ˣµɣ
ҶͫһͭӶһĨǻƿռ䣬ֱӽƴĶ룬Ѫ

ŵѪУĶ棬ϸ¶˾֮ɫ·ѶϣֻʩչĵƣΧɱҶ磬ѰĻᡣ
ϳʥף𣡡
ϸΧɱϳʥҶ壬һƬϹ⣬һϮĹһϸֺ⣬
Ҷǿƻɱϸ֮ʣݣѩҲʩչԵֶΣɱ˱Ҷشս޻ʸ֡
ʱ˰̣ȫҶɱˡ
ŨŨѪϢڰУŻ
ǰľƣ⣬ҪȫƿϹŲͼĽƣ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ɽ
̷֮ʣںѪӰɽѰһȭռ䶼ɿֲ£˱ҡ
꣡
Ӳɽһ̵ķ飬ԷɽݺݵغϣƣѪ
׹ͼ
ˣ̲ٲ׾ٻһ˸ŵ⣬ﵽŵȼĹͼס壬ֵںѪӰϺɽ֮
ǲҪˣǿƿҵ׹ͼ
ڹŵ׹ͼУõһ˿ϢİѸٷһŵҩϢ˵
𣿡Ҷ̤նϣƽ˵ȷֻһƿ
˵ţʥҶУĽâϵ˺ſҶǰγؽۡ
⣬ʥоʥ̺Ĺɫ䣬æ˵£ոնҵĴҲñɱ˫ֻۣҪңҿԴӦκε
ˣҶûȤ
ڵˣҶ飬һͭڽʥУһƥʮɽâ¶
һ£رɫ
ûһĿ£·ضһ£Σһ̼𣬻Ϊޡ
ͣ
׹ͼʥĹˣµĽâ紹ٲڰϣһ˳ȥһֱֱӱµĽâն顣
Ѫȼգ
һֱ۱ҶնһߵİһɫĵҩȼѪ֮͸֧һ
Ϸˣ
һش̣Ҷ̤ӹȥֳʥ̷ˮĹƣڽڰˡ
ѣ
ƴȫʱҶлһ޴شݺݵغ˰̻꺣УһӦһ˿ٻ
һ̣Ҷʥںһ𣬼ͭĹ絹ٲһ˰˺۵ϣɱ
̣ˣ
ĿҶһ̵һĻݽܶ˱סˣ¶˳֮ɫ
߰ɣǻȥ
ɱڳˣҶʥ𣬷˰̵˵ʬ壬ٻۣ뿪˳ŨŨѪζɽȣصܼҡ
صܼԺҶڷв½ƣ뵽ǬУȲҪͭŹףҪŹеʲô


1251 ֮

ҶվͭŹԣǿ˺˽ƣ˷ӡ˲֪µͭ׸ǡ
ˣ
׸Ǵ򿪵˲䣬һǿĽڹŹӳµĽɱ¾֮ħƵ˺ëֱ鲻Խ˼
ÿµĽ⣬ǰԽԳң
Ҷû뵽Źеʬ꣬ȻͷųĽ⣬ԹŹеŨȤ
Ź֮УҶ翴һɫƳۣȫѾήӾڹŹС
ϣץһ糤ͨɫǶźɫʯ·ĳ
ʥ
ɫĵһۣҶͨƱϳһƷʥƷʱԼƵʥҪһЩ
˵˭ƷоȻһʥҶץ˺ɫʥ
ͻȻ˲֪˫һֱҶ磬ᵽŨŨΣϢ
һ̣ӳһ⣬ˮкһҶ硣
Ҷ練Ӧܿ죬΢΢һܿһǬռ䣬ȴһ£һؽۡ
û
Żɱ䶯ɢž콣ӣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
û뵽ոջӣգ֮˹
ţԣʲô
ҶԵ͸ʱгһٿӵ壬Լ
ˣ
һ󣬽ԽԽǿӸ߸ߵԾֳֺɫʥ֯һ콣âһХĺնҶˡ
Ǭ֮ƣ
ǬУҶ޵еĴڣ쾳ǬУҶҲܽǬɱ
䣡
Ǭ֮һɫâײһǬˣռ䶼
Ϣѵٿǽ꣡
иоҶ֪Ǻεٿ壬Լ
ʣȻ
ӸɱļָʱǬ۾һɣϳݡ
ǬҶʵ
ûϴӦǰĽʣĻͽܣǬ˵ǰ£ʵȼʣǿĸ֮һ
ৣ
˵֮ʣһɫ޽͸գſֲɱɱҶ硣
һɱһƬأһΡ
Ǭ󣡡
֪ӵݣҶ۵Ľһ£һ󣬰ʮһǬ֮ӳ壬Ǭͼֵס˽̳ĺɫ޽
ǿƵֵסʵĹҶ̤˽ʣеʥ裬ͬƮķ꣬޷׽
ʮһǬ֮Ҳ£Ϯɱʵ壬ڰмҵɱ
һʱ䣬ؽײһ𣬱޾ĹâΣϵسſռ䣬˾޴Ļҡ
ͭ꣬ƣ
ǿ壬סؽҶһͭڽʥУһƿգ˺ؽƣһ˽ʵؿڡ
Ҷ⾪һû㣬֮ڽ˺ɫʥУһʮɳһĽâӶҶ̳ľһϡ
ǣ
ײʥµĽâϵ飬Ľâ˲ĿХݺݵغɱҶ磬Ҫ顣
ǬǬһ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬İʮһǬ֮Ǭ޽Ŵѹֵס˺Ľâ
һ󣬽ʼһĽâϵڿռµۣҶʩѹ
ҶСģǽʵԴǿһоƷʥ
Ҷ⵽ʳˮ㹥ʱǬϳеҶ硣
Ʒʥ
ҶüͷһƣгȤԼݣҪеĹ켣ӡڻ꺣С
Ҷ֮ʣĹƱȫƣǬУҶ޾κˣϵصǬڽ壬ĹͷŽʵĹ
£Ҷ꺣гһܵĽ켣ҪݳĽ켣Ҫһʱ䡣
սңʹҶڽڰˡ
ǬռǱ͵Ĺ˺ѵǧٿףǬ֮£ʸ޷شҶ硣
ʱƣƿؽĽԽԽأҶݳеУ꺣ггΡ
Ҷ뽣ǬмսŬƾʱΣٵܼҸ
֪ϢӲ뵽ŭУλ棬һϵе飬ȷףܼҸ⡣


1252 һ
峤֪ܼкιɣ߲ƵĶӲˣʵ
úϻɱ׽ǴߣȻܼңӲѪɫ۾͸ŨŨɱ⣬ؾ
ˡ
ӲĻɫ΢΢һ䣬¶֮ɫ
ǶӲϲĶӣǶδϣܼйأһϵصĺ
㲻ҪװˣϿ콫ɱֽӲǿѹĵŭ
峤Ҳ֪׷ʲôܼҲɱף
Ȼ²⣬пҶйأȴὫҶ罻ȥǿƵػӦ
ǲΪ˸ܼҳǾͿԲҶϷˣٲףϷǣ
һ鲼ۣϲƣվڶӲ΢΢۾һĿĹâ·𺮽һ㣬䴩˵ģв
˾ܣ
оߵʵɫ䣬û뵽Ȼ˶ϱչض档
ǵޣǻȷҶйأȰ㻹ǽҪΪˣܼٲ֮أ
һ߻˵һǶ˾ܡ
үүʲôˣ
ˣ̫ϳס֪ʱݣѩ˳ˡ
ǶˣӲ۾бŨŨɱ⣬ɭȻʵ˵ǲйء
⣡
ӲʣݶĿһ£۾͸һ˿ֻţӲ׽ˡ
ȻǸɵģ
׽ݶ۾е쳣һɳɱɢһݶˣҪɱǶйޡ

ӲͻȻѣɫ䣬Ѹٵ˴ʧɫݶǰ˵

Ӳһһֻµ޸ֳ壬һȭµĻȫ˿µӰҪ顣
ͨԽţ
Σʱ̣ʩչո򣬻δȫյͨһֻſĴӡ̤УӲӲӰ
䣡
һγ˹籩ϯ˶Ӳ
ԵʵӲס˷֮ȴýڽڰˣһڿѪ
û뵽ϣֵܵסҵĹ⣡
һӲ¶֮ɫδƣһ
䣡
ܼҸֳһ죬ӲӲĹһѪߵķݣڰлһĻߣݺݵˤ˵ϣ⵽ش
үү
ˣݣѩһ˹ȥ鿴ơ
ȥɣ
ӲٻһöŵȼһֻķӡöӡϵرͷŻѹˣҪһٽǻɱ
ͻȻһΰӰ¶ҵǰӶڴȭͷһȭ˹ŵӡϣµ֮ɽˮӡ˻ȥ
ʲôˣ
һȭɽˮӡ˵ΰӰӲ۾ɵùԲ¶֮ɫ
̫ϳϣҲӰֵһ̣ϵЦݽӲסˣ¶֮ɫ
үү
ֿ죬ƹһ˵
󵨣
̫ϳ໥һۣ׷׼һƷȼĳǹգϢĳӣ˻ޡ
й⣡
ŭһ˴Ļй⣬ըؿ̫ϳϷĹӲǱ˻ȥ
һޱˣ̫ϳϵ֮ɫŨ׷ȼǿѪ֮ʵޣʩչɱУ˻ޡ

ȫڶ˾ֵĿע£仯ǿս̬ڽնҶһﵽ׼ʥȼشʮͭŹףնһΡĸɽֱ̫ϳϷĹ˻ߡ
䣡һʯ쾪
˾Ļ߱׼ʥȼͭŹҳµĵ棬ͭŹҶ£ʮס
棡
߱һҳ⽴ɥȪһĻӲ˱סˣǰһĻ
ˣͬ޵ʵ²ݡ
ǣȥɣ
һһˣЯηɫߣҪٽɱ

̵޵Ŀ£ߣӲ˲ҾôѸ뿪ܼңպܼҡ
Ȼˣɣ
ҶͻȻ𣬾һδݣݳеҶ뿪ǬܼҸ⣬ס׼ȥĶӲˡ


1253 ɱ
ڿϳˣ㣬Ҷǲɱģ
סǵҶ㣬Ӳɫ΢䣬ŭǣҧгݵʵ
ɱģҶ˵ͷ̹Ȼسϵ
úúããɱҶɱǸ̫ϳϣ˸ҶֹġӲɭȻ˵
ǻһߵһĻ̫ģӲͿƲסɱ⣬Ҷ綯ˡ
ֹҶ΢΢̣ɱȻ˵˭ֹ
Ҷ磬Ҿ㣬Ҷ״ϵǳ˺ǣһΪǱġҶ۾еɱ⣬ӲĲǿҵĲҶʩѹ
ӲҲò˵ǶϵϢ̫ˣҶ΢΢һЦǶɽһɱˣһն˫ȣȲǡ
ʲô
һϢӲһֱһ㣬һƬհף˵
ģⲻģҾĹӲʹҡԴ
ǲģµԼȥɣ
˵ţҶٻϹŲͼʮ˲ͼУ뿪Ļᡣ
ޣսپȫɱǣ
ϹŲͼסӲˣҶ磬㣬ɱǣϹŲͼмս
Ӳ˵Ǳȫƴȫз
κΣҶ˵Ĺ̫£Ҷͻޣǿսؾܵĸ֣Ӳ˸ֵסǵĹơ
ʮһϸɥҶ͵Ĺ£ʣߺѪĶӲ֧š
סס֣֪ˣŹǣ
в£Ӳ־ˣò˸߹ͷ­ĵ
ˣ
ҶĮ˵ںѨϵϵرڽ֮ݿŶӲķһȭؿϡ
꣡
ӲعǷˣµֱӹᴩ˶ӲУѪƬͣ˱һϢ
ӲҶһȭشʣʱڽ֮һĺϣµᴩ壬࣬һˡ
Ѫݣ
ĿöӲһĻ뵽ֻУԥȼȫѪʩչѪҪܡ
ѣ
Ҷһµ߻꺣УһӦһ˿ٻ
عʱ޸߸߾ͭŹף̩ɽѹһݺݵѹһ׽ãڰлһѪж
ǿƻɱ˶ӲߵˣҶͷŷʥڻ˵ʬ壬ǵ˽ܼҸϹŲͼ
ҶҶӣɱǣ
ĿҶǻɱӲ˵һĻסľþ޷ƽиǲصǣ¿һϵпº
ܼ뵣ģһкҶ΢΢һЦΪȻ˵
Ҷ㲻ҪᣬҲ˼Ҷᣬæ͵
ܼо־ͽˣǲ𲻱Ҫ鷳ԷϢֻҪû֤ݣҲκβǣ
˵꣬ҶŻޣصԺ½뵽ǬУ˱Ǭ֮ѹõĽԡ
˺ѿĽɫۣҶ翴ϴһ״ͨڣûһ˿ľʯ
ƽؽ꣬⾧ʯС
ͭ꣬ɣ
ҶһͭӶû뵽⾧ʯУǿھʯеĽꡣ
ҶսĽޱȣֵסͭĹһ˻塣
ɣͭԽԽȫ⾧ʯУͬﵽͭĽ꣬ȫˡ
˽ʵ۵ͭ꣬Ҷͭ겻ϵطɱ䣬̺Ľ֮ԽԽࡣ
գһʱɱ䣬Ҷͭɱ䣬̺Ľ֮ƴһٶʮһٰʮͭ棬һ㵭İ׹⡣
Ȼ׹ǳȴҶ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫһͭȫɱɫͭͽɱɰ꣬ʮ
ͭȻʼɱ䣬ҶҪɱɰ꣬Ҫʱۡ
ҲǱȼ´ﵽƷʥ
Ҷ˽겻࣬ﵽƷʥȼĽۣʵʬ·صͭŹС
ǰðǰߣʵڹⲻȥǰģһûǰıʱ䣬һˮأǰʬᣡ
˽ʵĽۺͺʥʥҶʬؾһʬ·ŽͭŹС
أ
ʬصͭŹ׵˲䣬ͻȻˣ˹ǻҡ
Ҷ·ӡŹףŹŹؾʼǬнбչأ͸ӡеľ


1254 ̲ʯ
ʱһȥ
ȻܼҼϢӲܼҸϢһ㴫˳ȥ׿Ȼ󲨡
һ͵ܼұƵ˼ʱϪͬ£ܼҸ
ôˣ
ҶϪ֮Ľףĸ⣬ĽܼҸ
ܼҽյݼҶӵģϪ΢΢һЦ˵⡣
⣬Ҷһֱڱչأǲȥţ
ͲµϪ˵⣬Ϊѵ˵
ûϵǿԵȣϪΪ⣬˵
õˣ
ͻȻһӰڴ⣬ҶܼҸĲлоϪ˵ˡ
ҩϵĶ𣿡
Ҷ翴һɫȹһ͸ˮңɢϪ˵
ݣҶˣϪվ¶˵Цݣ˵쵽£
ܼǰʱ䷢£жţû뵽Ҷֶ˵ĺȻɱ˶ӲԼ̫ϳϡ
£ֵķзϸǽ浽壬Ϊֱڣܼȴδ⵽ĳͷᵽ˲ѰҶݳ˺档
ʲô£Ҷ翴Ϫĵһ˿˵
ҽ쵽빫Ӳμڽ׳ǾеᣡϪ˵
ᣡҶ۾һ¶һ˿Ȥ֪ģȼΣ
İҶӣ֪۽ߣһμӣ
ϪҶϵ̬ŵĺܵͣö˵
ҿٴһͬȥ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ȼԣ
ΪĴ̼ĸǻǿԺŪֵġ
ã׼ʱֵ׳ǣҶ˵ͷ˵
Ǿڽ׳ǹҶӴݣ
˵꣬Ϫûоôһ˹뿪ˡ
׳ǣϽĴͳǳ֮һҲĽ״ǣΪеᣬ׳Ǳÿǰֵ֣ϲʱܵӰ
֣׳ǲ־ԵĳǳأܳǷˣ
ֵĽֵϣ¶һ˿˷֮ɫѩ侲࣬һֱĬĬظҶ󣬲ϵشоɲ⣬ӰӡҶ硣
ߣȥпб𣿡
Ὺʼһʱ䣬ҶûǰڰźõסϢǴݵˣǰַǷķԱ
ⷻе˺öడ
Уݿͷܶÿ̯λԶվˣҪȥܲס
ҶûӵǽԵ˳ȥ쵽һ̯λУɸѡű
ߣȥǱ߿
ţҶ۾һһڷι״ʯ̯λԡ
ϰ壬žʯô
ҶһȭͷСӿݣƽĻɫʯͷԸӦһʵ
̯λϵ̲ʯʮƷ꾧һţۣ
һɫۣϵϲƣԲ۾˸ž֮ɫ̧һƤӣ˻ɤӵ
̲ʯͷô󣡡
ʮƷ꾧൱ǧƷ꾧ߵıۣݲɵõһ
СӶʲô̲ʯпž˵ıأǱصļֵԳʮƷ꾧˻ŵ
ʯͷˣʮƷ꾧
ҶóһöǬָ˻ߣ̯λſ̲ͨʯҪ뿪
ͻȻһ㴫Ҷ˱С
һɫ޳ȹĸӵһű׼Ķ쵰پ£ʸŵŮ̯λԣ˫ǵ۾ɨ̯λϵ̲ʯ
ݿȹŮʱò԰Ρ
ϰ壬ЩʯôȹŮӿ̯λһſ̲ʯʵ
ʮƷ꾧һţ˵
ô󣿡
ȹŮ΢΢һ壬¶ԥ֮ɫ
ϽǬָеݸңҰѡһʺ̲ʯҶ翴һȹŮϸָϵǬָ˵
㣬ô֪ݣ
ȹŮɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷ
ȹŮӵ׷ߣҲ¶ŨŨĵ⣬һɹɿµϢǲϵɢҶ硣
λ㲻ҪҴûж⣡
ܵȹŮӵ۾¶ĵ⣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬æ˵
ûж⣬ҽף㲻ԿҶ΢΢һЦɫ˵
ܿ͸Щ̲ʯ
߻ǵб⣬ҪҶ翴
̲ʯһʮʯͷʯͷ̲رأ̲ʯ̺һ쾳ܣ޷͸̲ʯУӦʯͷеʵ
ˣ㲻뽻׾ˣ߰ɣ
ҶûлشߵĻȹŮӵݵ˾Ҫ뿪
ȵȣܴ̲ʯгĶĶ㣡
ҶˮתҪ뿪ȹŮҧһ촽ͻȻ
ãɽ
Ҷͣ˽Ų¶ŵЦݣһڴӦ


1255 ̲ر
̲ʯЩʯͷֵߵģ̲صıҲʺģ
ȹŮЩע㽫ʮƷ꾧˻ߣҶڶ̲ʯѡһСͨҺɫ۵̲ʯ
ȷ̲ʯ̲űأ
ҶΪѡֻмС̲ʯȹŮ¶֮ɫЩڸոյ³çҶ硣
̲ʯ̺ıؾʺ㣡Ҷ˵ͷӹɵ˵
СӣȰòҪƭϹ壬ұ֤ڣһȹŮؾ
Ϲ壡
֪ȹŮӵ˵ݣΧ۵˲ɵĵһ
ĿһֱͣȹŮϵݣ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ϹʵȵڻҪ£ؾ뾵нĳ
ûҺڣҶͫһߵС
㡭
Ϲɫһ䣬ϵɢǿҵɷ
ҶϹĳͻ˴Ŀ⣬˿ҶϷʣܿ쾳ܶ޷͸̲ʯ
峤ϣҪһеп̲ʯ˵
ɫݣη޾Ҷ磬ȹŮҧһ촽Ǭָȡһذףʼ˶̲ʯǿƿ̲ʯӲޱȵʯǡ
̲ʯʯʮּӲҪƿףȹŮеذײ⣬ʮֵļӲټ׵ʵһЩ򣬻ƿ̲ʯһǡ
ţһǿˮ̲ʯͷ˳
أ̲ʯ̺űأ
ȹŮӵɴ˫ۣˮ̲ʯµ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ȹŮӱһĻ̲ʯĻԼΧ۵Ҳ¶֮ɫҶ˼ر仯
ûпӵѵһı壬̲ʯ̲صıһݾԶˮʺϹĿɿڴľþ޷ƽȹŮӣҶ絭˵
ܿҵʣ
ȹŮĸӵ𾪣ʵܣָ֪û뵽Ҷ磬ͿԼʵܡ
ڣɷݸˣ
ҶûлصȹŮӵĻʵ
ãǸµˣ
Ȼδ̲ʯ̲رصݣ̲ʯ͸ˮУȹŮӹصļֵһҶ磬Ǭָóһɫݣ͸
߰ɣ
˵꣬ҶŶȹŮһݵ˾Ҫ뿪
ȵȣ㵽ôģҵļУδ̲ܿʯ
һץסҶĸ첲ϡ䱦һ㿴˵
Ҷ̲ܿʯǾ̫ˣʮеҪ֪Ҷ翴̲ʯİ취ֻҪ취Ը⸶κεĴۡ
ɵģ
Ҷ翴һȫչػߣ˵
㽫̲ʯİ취ңҿԸ㱦󲻵ı̰֮ɫջ
˵ˣɵģ
ҶͫһѨеӲ˻߲ϵ֣ת뿪ˡ
СӣȻ㲻ԸңǾͱֶˣ
ĿҶȥıӰߵĿñ䣬ǵ͸ɭȻ֮ɫ
Ҷ磬ոͷ²ưոݣ
Ҷһ뿪ʱ΢΢Щǵ˵
ûϵҳȫҶ絭˵ûһ˿֮ɫ
뿪˷УҶϪǰŵסһľĶԺϢ
ԺҶ粢δϪϪѰźһУȷҶݣڵҶ˽
סºҶװݻķУ˸ƣʮƷ꾧̲ʯ˳ֳʥǿƿһ̲ʯӲʯǣ¶һΰɫ˸ŵ׹ľѪ
ԵĸӦȻûд̲ʯ̺һѪ
пһ̲ʯҶ̲ʯ֮ջһμֵߣʮõѪ
ţҶֳʥֽп˵ڶ̲ʯ̲ʯõһʥ׸һݳʮ̺꣬ӴԵĹ̹
̲ʯȻ棬Ѫļֵ¾ͳǧƷ꾧˰ɣ
ҶԴ˴ջΪ⣬һѪ˶УתɻʵԼѪƷʡ
ҶڷѪҹʱһȻϢӰڶԺ⡣
ԵʵҪǿ˺ƽʱһģӰ߲ԶĮ˵㻹ˣץң͸ɡ
˵꣬ǰԤеΣգʱֵҶ磬ȼսѪһֻ񣬴ڵҹգŲĻߣ׳ȥ


1256 սؾ
ҹԽԽ
¹ּǹ㡣
СӣҷĵĲС֪Ҫץ㣬㻹ҹһ˴ûҷˣ߸ٶȼҶ磬ɵ˽׳һɭɽУɭȻ˵
˵ˣȷʵûнҶ绺תĿƽؿ͸¶ɱĻߵ
СӣҪΪеֶΣ͸о޵ˣϷ֪ĵ
˵ţһɿµڻˣ˲佫Χ׳Ĺľˡ
һ޵еսƿҶ
ؾ
оߵʵҶȻû¶֮ɫ
ȻĿǰʵ޷ؾܣ̫࣬ؾܶκε˺
Сӣһ飬ԸԸ̲ʯķңԸ⣬ҽסѻ꣬꣡¶ײеһ棬в
Ҫʱˣְɣ
Ҷһʥٻ˳߸߾𣬰ԵػӦ
ʥ㾹Ȼһʥ
оʥĵȼ۾¶ŨṴ̃
ʥıһֱӵһʥǰеɱŨˡ
Сӣ˭ʲôݣ㶼Ҫ
˵ţٻһ׵ͼգҶͼ֮С
ţһ׼ʥȼƳεĳУһĨ⣬Ҷ緢
һֽն
ЯɱϮҶûٻֳ֣ʥӭȥ
һ̳ռд˴̶ƿâ·ڵߴ̳Ľâײһ
ǣ
âײһ𣬱ܼıҶԳĽâϵ飬Ľײһ
һ̣ҶڳڽҪߵĹ
κΣؾܵʵֲ̫ڽ֮޷ڳĵӲޱȵʥⱻӲѹˡ
һɹǿķ֮͸ʥҶֱУȶס塣
ţû뵽弶ս޻ʾʵֵܵסҵĹ
űԼһ˵Ҷ磬¶֮ɫδͻȻ٣һӰҶ緢ĹҪѸٽشܣϵܡ
Ѫȼգ
Ի͵ĹҶԥȼѪʵֳʥȫӭ
Ҫû߼£ԼʵΣؾĲж
ˣ
ʯĽâڰвϵضԹҶͻ߻һӰҵɱ
ȻҶȼѪȻֵס͵Ĺƣܿ챻ѹơ
Ҷ̫£ټ׼ʥףʩչɱлһʱҲ޷ش塣
׼ʥսףСӵʲôϱĵȼôôߣ
ȻѹסҶ繥ƣȴԽսԽľ²Ҷݾ򵥣һ˸ӵôۺı
Ǭ󣡡
ȫƵҶһ󣬰ʮһǬ֮ɳ壬ٵɽͼ˻ʩչĴɱС
⡭ʮһѼƷ
оʮһǬ֮ĵȼиˣҶ羹ôۺı
֮࣬иϲһָоԼɱҶ磬õһıϵܣԼת쾳ɹ
¡¡
һڻΪѸٻɱҶ磬¶һƣٻһµĹףɱҶ磬Ҫ俪Ǭ󣬺Ҷ塣
ʥ𣡡
׺ɱҶû㣬ǵķʥӭȥ
֮л˽ټϷʥȼԶڹ֮ϣײһ׵˼¡
ţϳʥӿҶ壬ֱӺ˲ڻĹףһϪɱɫ΢䣬ȫĻߡ
ǬǬһ
ڻԵʵסϳʥ׹ʱҶưʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬻ʮɳǬ޽ն˻ߡ
һҶ罫ӵ˼£ؿȫնˣǰĿռ䣬ǳؽۣ·ռ䶼Ҫһ㡣
䣡
һŵҶһնѣµĽϵسŻߵ壬Ӳ
Ȼһ˿ϢĻᣬҶʩչѣ˻ߵĻ꺣Уһ˿ѣ֮

ڻ߷Ӧֳٻ֮ʣҶʩչ˴ӽѧƷʥն˻ߡ
һ£·ںâ±һ㣬һֲĽѿռ䣬ѿʮɣҪһ롣
ؼʱ̣عĻߣٻһ׼ʥȼͭţͭţھѪͭţϵرһֻѵϹޣ̤ſռ䣬ֱӽҶľײˣҶʩչɱС


1257 ֶ
ͭţ
ߴϢһ۳֮ͼ֮ͼԼ֮ͼͼ׼ʥͭţעĵ֮ŽͭţĹҶ緢
ӣ
ͭţһĿĽײҶٻӵǰֵͭţһײ
ˣ
׼ʥײһʯײʯµֱӽԲһɽΪƽء
ҵҪжٱٶıȲ
ȫƽͭţµײӴ˾޴Ҷ˼ѹ
ͼ
ۿǰӵֵסͭţȫһҶ罫Ʒʥͼٻ˳
һ̣ͼصͼеͼ֮ͼֳ壬ͷųĵƣע뵽˾ͼУžͼĹ
Ĵͼͼµںϵͼôģ
ߵɴ˫ۣŸֳҶĴͼ¶˻ģ
꣬ؾŽͼҶ弶ս޻ʾ磬ĴͼĴͼԼĵͼ˲֪ٱ
гŽٵ֮ƵĽ֮ͼû𾪣ҶǲϹת֮Ȼͺʵô̶ܽȡ
ͼ𣡡
Ҷӿնϣվ˾ͼϣƾͼ۳֮飬ڰУϢĻ˽ͭţֱӽ˳ȥ
ƾͼ˽ͭţҶƾͼΧɱ˻ߣҪƷʥ֮ش
칭
Σʱ̣ٻһ׼ʥȼǶףͨīɫĳٵȫĵΪʸϮľ֮顣
һīɫʸ£ͼ۵ľ֮鲻ϳˣգһ֮鱻ɱڰб
ܣޣǬٳ
ʶ칭ɱĹҶ粻Ҵ⣬Ѹٻ֣Χ˻ߡ
ʲôпռ䱦һﵽʲôˣ
ǳֵһ˲䣬ˣ۾еɱȡ
û뵽Ҷ֮ռ䱦ﶼУ⡣
ϹŲͼƣ
߾֮ʣҶٻϹŲͼϹŲͼգܵĻᡣ
һ̣ҶֳָԵı˻ߣɱ
칭ͭţ𣡡
ҶϮᵽŨŨΣϢĻ߿ͼ׼ʥע׼ʥɱҶ硣
ϱĽͭţһΡĸɽײ֮ʣҶƾͼס˽ͭţƾŴ֮ھͼжѹ
һ䴩ռ䣬ƻǿʸһȵĽ᲻ɴݵֵסˡ
ֵʸһ𣿡
ĿýʸԼһĻӲ㱻
ʱвǿҵĲڴҶ磬ΣС
֪ԼѾû·ɱΧܻܿ
⣬׼ȫͻΧʱ޸߾ͭŹףնһΡĸɽݺݵµȻ߲Ӳӣȫ㡣
ͷۣ
֮ʣͻƵؾǬƽ仯ͷ۵ռֳ̬رˮĹƣѹĹơ
ˣű仯ͷ̬Ǭ򣬻ǵݣϷйһ֮ԵλɷʵӷŹϷֻҪǷŹңԸرȡҵ
ô鷳ˣɱ㣬ϵһоǵˣ
Ҷ粻Ϊ׼ʥӽǬ򣬽ʥܣȫɱߡ
ҪҲݣ㣬ƼϷϷͬھס͵Ĺƣɫ΢䣬ŭľ
ֶζʹɣȻûˣ
˵ţҶһĶãݳ֮ڤߵ꣬޷ȫǷ
úãǱҵģ
ҲʼƴˣѸóһɫ״ľʯ̵ֱ˶С
һ̣ϧ۵ȼԪ֮Ϊ̵еĺɫʯ
ȼյ֮ͺɫʯͷŵߵʵڽﵽؾޣ쾳Ҳһ֮ң
壬Ҳӿ£ϵŤĳһĵĴ
Ϸһɣ
ԪͲ࣬ȼ˽ʣ֮϶Ͼڱʱ̣У׼Ҷһµȫɱ


1258 ɱؾ
칭ɱһ飡
ʵﵽؾޣ߽ɱĵע뵽칭УٵɱҶˡ
ۣ
ֳͭŹףӲʸʱһɹǿķ֮͸ͭŹ״壬ˣѪ
磬
ˣҶ䴫ͽǬУܵ˺
ǬӣʱڵֵסһʸеĻļʸ̫࣬ϵغӣǬ˾޴ѹ
ڻ߶ֶΣ칭Ҷ˴вʱҶٻ׼ʥڻҵлһĿĽ⣬Եٶȣܿһյʸƽ˻ߡ

ѾĻ߿Ҷ絨ҿͼ˿ռ䣬ѹҶ磬Ҫһٽɱ
ƾ㻹ɱң
ҶֱһһСںڣɢŹϢĺѪճ칭ϡ
һ̣ܵѪӰ죬칭ֱ½һʸѾ޷вҶǡ
ѪǺѪ
ѪһбĿǣ칭Ѫ֮ʧȥӦеͭţֱͼѹʧȥ׼ʥߵս
ޣ
Ҷһ½ٻ˳Ǭ򣬽һ߷Ĺ

û⵽ҶûܣȫҪǰ汳㡣
ȫ£ռ䱻һĽâֱӽҶ˷ĹݺݵնҶ硣
ˣ
ۿҶ类һУѸٵҶǰֵסһ
Ž裬ͨ£
ץסᣬҶ籬ȫ忪ǿķ֮Ծ˰Уֳںͭĺʥʩչ˴ɱС
һնɽĽâӡŷܵĴӡǣйĵѹһУµĴ֮һ𣬺ݺݵն˻ߵԴ
֪ҶһĿ£߱ܵһܡ
ʱޣǬһһҳԣжòӲҶĽͨ¡
ۣ
µĽ֮ڽ͸׼ʥ˻ߵ壬ƣѪӲϵغˡ
й⣡
ӡ
ʧ֮ʣޣ˫˫ʩչɱУ壬ƿϵ幥Ѫģ
ƣ
ƲϵؼأѶϵĻȻûԵʵƿҶ˷Ĺȫ
ˣ
ҵղһ£ʥںһ𣬻һնѵصʥſµĽ֮һգӵŤתʱգһն˻ߡ
䣡
һȫĻ߱һһӰն䣬׹䷲ǣݺݵ˵棬Ѻ۵ĵҴһ󶴡
赣
ץס֮ʣҶ罫ٻ˳һھѪȫĻע뵽У赵Ĺ۳һɱ趯Ӵ˻ҳĵض
䣡һ죬ʯ쾪
ھ赹£ԲһĿռֱˣµʥ֮ƻŻߵ壬ʣһ
赹󣬻ޣܣǬֳָԵı
ǳĹ£ߵĲ飬Ĳˡ
ؾܹȻС
֮˻ɱߣҶ糤һؾܵʵȫµʶ
ǻȥ
ȻϹŲͼ˿ռ䣬ոһսγɵƻ̫Ҷ˻ߵûоôѸٵ뿪ˡ
ҶȻϢ뿪ãռĻ֮Ǿ׳еϹ֣Ƿ׷׵鿴
ǿԲɽΪƽأѺ۵Ĵʮɣȫˣһֽŵ
ʱҶ磬ѾĻص˹ԺУ뵽Ǭ鿴ɱߵջ
ô̲ʯ
ƿߵǬָҶ緢ǧöֵƵ̲ʯ̲ʯõ׼ʥڵļƷ꾧ϰڵƷ꾧ŵƷԼһ̺½ʯ
Ǭ׼ʥ׼ʥͭţˣ
㣬칭͸㣡
ҶƷʥ칭һڻ˺Ѫ˴ջ㣬Ǭˣ͸˻ޣѪʨǣǿ˵ʵ
ˣҼɣ
ɱ˻ߵջҶ罫ǧöСһ̲ʯǰһһӦ̽صıء
ǡ
Ƶʴﵽ޵͸һ̲ʯʱҶסˣž޲¶˾֮ɫ


1259 ص̲ʯ
ģ̲ʯô
ҶԵȷΣȫԿ϶̲ʯУĳ΢
ǿҵĺģҶֳʥһƿ̲ʯӲʯǣҪ֪̲ʯеһࡣ
ʯǲƿԽԽ죬һ˲Ѫ̲ʯ͸ҶᵽŨҵΣϢȫĺëֱȻ١
·ƿ̲ʯһΣĴ֮һ㣬еĲԽԽǿҡ
ȻҶ羭ǵһθеĵĿ־壬һָо̲ʯеһһΣ
ˣպͻƵ½ޣƼһǵʥٳŽ⿪̲ʯܰɡ
ĵĲԽԽǿңԥҶε̾Ϣһշƿ̲ʯͷǬ·ӡˡ
һ̲Ŵ̲ܵʯҶԵ̽һſ̬̲ʯ
̲ʯļ̫ͣµһǧ̲ʯУֻſ̲űء
ſ̲ʯ̲صıֵƣݼԶĹҩ
һݴﵽʮ꣬ҶƬĻػݣΪ磬ػԶһһʥ
ҶĻػݣʣ°ҩָǬ㣬ħƣɱ¾֮ˡ
˴鵤ҩħƣɱ¾֮缫ޣΪ˴Ϊʵĸûмͻƣһֱѹƾ磬Ǳ
иſ̲ʯҶѪʵǿŽѪĵȼ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãȫѪѪƷƷʵҶص˷Уϴһ裬һɾ·˳ȥ
ʱϪԺеȴǻϺҶһǰλڽ׳ǵ᳡
Ҷӣּˣ
ո߽ûʵ᳡һöҶС
ѩɫ޳ȹĳеĸˣʵţһѩϹѩϹͬ£һ㻺˹
ѩҶʶ
ƯϹѩϪ¶ŵЦʵ
ãҺҶҲǸոʶҶӰһæϹѩʵ˵
ȡѣ
ϹѩҶȴûȤػӦ
ݣͿױ˵Ϲѩ¶Ľ֮ɫ뵽֮޴ĵλ࣬ûǰк
ҶӻǵϹѩȻһЦɣᣬϹԸ﹫һ͸㡣
л⣬ˣ
˵꣬ҶûϹѩѣ߽ϪǮµĶС
磬Ϲǲغֵ̫ʮֵҶϹĹϵ񻯣Ȱ˵
ݣǲǿϹѩ
Ҷ̫ʦϣһƮŨŨ裬Цʵ

һͻȻˣ֧֧᲻֪λش
ݣӺأϲϲѵϵûУҶ翴΢΢Щŵݣ˵
磬ȷʵһ飬֮ĵλ̫ˣûһ𣡡̾Ϣһ
ݣҾһ仰Ҳ׷Ҷ²豭˵
ң
͵̧ͷŲЦҶ磬ᶨ˵
ŶԣģֻҪܲϹѩĺøУԸأκ˶޷жߣĵҲУҶ¶Цݣ˵
лллл磡
õҶŵг˸мϵصл
ˣϿʼˣϣ˴ỹݽȽҰʵ
Ҷ翴鼤ݣ˵
ʱƣǧˣǶŰ¹ʯϯڴѾõڿʼˡ
һ¶ɫ۵ŮŻı̨˵С
۽߳е쾡£ĵ˫˸ŵâڿĵһۣ鲻ԽؽĿͣϡ
СŮӣӭǰ׳ǣμеᣬ˴ṲһƷ֤ôҲУŮӣ¶˵Цݣĵ˵ˣҲұʱˣ˴ʽʼ
ӣ£޴ˮ̨ͻȻ˴Ŀǿ⣬һͨɫ̻ʮƣǶһ˶ʯĳֳˮ̨ǿӳ£Ĺâ˵Ŀ⡣


1260 ǮΪ
˽ΪʨƷȼзӡһֻʨ꣬ʱɼʨѵһλǸȤɲҪл꾧
Ͼ꾧Ȼɹ󣬵ȷӡ޻ƷȴǴҪź
ӣհʨһиֳһֻʨͷµŰʨ
ļһƷ꾧λԾˣ
ʨã֮˲٣ã
Ҷ̫ʦϣӸµؿһ۰ʨû¶һ˿Ȥ˵
Ҷ԰ʨȤϰ˾İʨܿʨļ۸˼ҵľУǵڰǧƷ꾧һɢĵá
һ׺ӣȺչʾһıҶ۽̫ߣı벻ۣûг־ģĵصȴš
ܿ죬һʱȥˣУһƷȼĳǹĵۣڵԶʮƷ꾧ļ۸ߡ
ʮżݣݵϡٳ̶ȾͲ˰ɣ߷°빦ļһǧƷ꾧λԾˣ
ӣԼӵ쾡£һһЦĻ꣬öϴ̼˵񾭡
ˣݽоģ
Ÿˮ̨ϷͨɫͷŵҶݣҶ¶Цݣ۵ʮƷ꾧
Ҷ籨ۣҾ۵ͻȻѻȸһ˫˫͵ĿˢˢҶڵңλڵϪ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾҶյľ޴Ƹ
ʮƷ꾧֪λг۵𣿡
ӣĿĵؿһҶڵİᣬʵ
ʮƷ꾧ļ۸ԶԶݵʵʼֵʹûٳ۾
գݱҶʮƷ꾧ߡ
Աĺ
֧ʮƷ꾧õݣҶ¶֮ɫսǬָȴϧ֮ĳ֡
ʱһһܿʱȥˡ
ʱУ۳֣ҲԽԽҡ
ھʮһһƷĺƽ䣬ĺƽ䣬ǰĺƽʥ󣬿һЩʥص֮ļһƷ꾧λԾˣ
ӣֳһ΢΢ЩƵƤؽܵ
Ʒĺƽ䣡
ӣܣݵ۾ʱð֮ɫѩͬĺƽŨȤ
ܼյԴޣǶϵƷ꾧ֻʮڣĺƽ䡣
ĺƽ£ǵʮʱҶеĲ豭۵ʮƷ꾧
ʮڡ
Ҷһ죬ʮڵļ۸˴˷ĵҶڵٴγΪ˽㡣
ʮƷ꾧мӼ۵𣿡
ӣҶ籨֮ȫټۣʵ
ʮһƷ꾧
ڶĺƽҲȤһ£۵
һƷ꾧
Ҷ·ǮΪļӼֱۣڶûƢ
Ȼ˼Ӽۣĺƽɰ˺ҵĹĵãӣ
ݣĺƽ͸ˣ
һƷ꾧ĺƽ䣬ҶԿһ飬ĺƽ͸ݡ
磬⣬̫ˣܳ˵
úܼҵδҪ֧ţҶ¶˵Ц˵
ĺƽ֮Ҷ֣𾪵ļ۸˼ƷЧȹŵ¶ȫΪ˴˴ǡ
ʶӣҶĴֱ
Ϊλ׼ĵһټǾʥʦƵһöö޹ɵֵ׼ʥһļʮƷ꾧λԳ۾ˣ
ӣֳһöɫǶһ˶ʯĻܵ
ʥʦƵģ
ʥʦȻʦ󣬵ȷǾʥʦ֮һʵȫŽǰʮ
֪޹Ƶģնʱ
˵޹ֻҪʥ͵ڶøƴȫȥ
޹ļ۸Ҳڴ˷ľУٵطǡ
һʮƷ꾧
Ϲѩ޹ϲһҧ۵
Ʒ꾧
ϹѩոձۣҶʾ£һĶµļ۸
һʮƷ꾧
Ϲѩüͷ΢΢һ壬ҧź촽
Ʒ꾧
ݽۣв޹ĵ֣Ĳݵļơ
С˰ɣƷ꾧ѾԶԶ޹ļֵûҪƴȥˣ
Ϲѩҧ촽ԥҪҪӼʱһ׷˵

ϹѩĿ⸴ӵһҶڵң̾Ϣһշ
Ȼ󲨵޹ҲձƷ꾧ļ۸ĵ֡


1261 
磬ΪʲôۣҺϹС㾺
Уŷε޹ϲûϲɫ¶زͿɬ
ɵСӣѵ֪˵ĵҶ˵
磬ҽ޹͸ϹС㣡
ݵɴ˫˵Ʒ꾧˵˾ˣĲ
ţϹѩϹλͣҪס㣬ҪºҩҶ˵ͷɫȻ˵
ˣҪˣǰ·Ұ̣ܲܲ׽ѾͷģͿԼıˣҶЦ˵
лл磡һŬģݵ˵ͷм˵
ڵۣƵ۷壬ļҲĳ˸߼ۣӣϵЦԽԽŨ
޹Ҷûٳ֣ȴ˴ѹ֮
ܿ죬ʱٽʱ֣ҵҲβ
⵹һ⣬һӡںе⣬ּһ⣡
ӣǰˮ̨ӳ׹⣬һɢźĺ踡˳ںУӡһʺ죬͸ŵƹ⣬С⡣
ȻӡںУ̽ʵҶ翴Ѫʱ۾
ҶȤҲŨȤ뽫ĵ֡
ӣ֪ɷ֪
дһͳ͸һλܡ
淢ֵġӣû
棡
ĽأŴΣպͿµĽƣɥ
˵ȤȫӣȻһЦļһڡƷ꾧
˻
һڼƷ꾧൱һƷ꾧֪ļۣ˾ųɸ־ĵͷ
һǧƷ꾧
ϹѩͻȻ𣬿ڱۡ
һǧƷ꾧ڸֽűۡ
ڼƷ꾧
ۣĵļ۸ڽʱһɫۣƼ۵߱۵
ӥˣȻ
ƫԶĻߣϳݣɢޣؾ֣ʵľڣϹ壬ҲԸ׵ˡ
С㣬ӥ˿ɲǣ֣սһһҹƽɫ˭ûκ˭Ϲ߿һĿݣĮӥ˸ŷâӥˣС˵
棬Ϲؾ֮һʵɲ⣬ж֡
ٱһμۣӥҾϹѩһ
ðɣ
Ϲߵ˵ͷͬ
ɾʱһĵͻȻ
ڼƷ꾧
Ҷ籨ˣһ죬ҰȻ󲨡
ҿûɣڼƷ꾧ǼһôǮ
̫ˣǼһǰǰ߰ٶƷ꾧ˣóڼƷ꾧Ǯѵ𣿡
־ڱصõӥˣҶıۣҲüͷȻҶı۳ĳܷΧԥҪҪ㾡УҶ羺
ڼƷ꾧֪˼Ӽ𣿡
ݵʧӣ¶˵ЦݣһҶڵʦʵ
ڼƷ꾧ԾԼϹ˵ҲһʼӴĲƸóҲ˽ǣӥ˼֮ҲηգѪⱻҶڼƷ꾧ĵá
磬ڼƷ꾧һֵ𣿡ݱҶĴֱȫһʵ
ֵãҶԹԵĵһ裬һСڣЦ˵ҶЩȲҪζˡ

֧ڼƷ꾧Ҷõ˷ӡںеѪ⣬Եǿ͸̽ʵ
֮һ⣬ѵ˵ڣ
һٲ͸˱̹ǵĺУоѪ̺һ˿΢֮
ǳԽ½޵Ĵڣ쾳ܣҲûȿڸȻҶ粻֪ʳĺôڼƷ꾧оĻǺֵġ
ӡĺսǬУҶһߺ裬һߵȴʣѹᱦ
ˣҾһΪչʾڶ
˵ţˮ̨иֳһɫ̻ŷƵĴ졣
׼ʥ
ӣе죬Ҷһϳһ׼ʥСӦñȻߵĽͭţҪ
ϵı̫࣬ûвӥˣڣϹġ
գķӥˣڰǧƷ꾧ļ۸ѹ졣


1262 
лӥǰĿ׼ʥǰˣӣ̬ʮĳ¶ѵЦݵӥȻһЦĵ˵ˣ˴ʣһˡ
˵֮ʣһȭͷС״һŹʵͨɫʯֳˮ̨С
ʯһ̲ʯʦʯӦ̲һֹҩǴ˴յѹᱦʦƼսʯΪյѹᱦ
򵥵ļ仰ӣ͹˵Ȥ
ʯ
ˮ̨ϵʯҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ԥҪҪðսʯĵ֡
Ҷ¶ԥ֮ɫڣϹҲ¶ԥ֮ɫ
ΪʮҪʯҪشۣ޷ȷʯǷ̲ŹҩǹҩļֵǷ߹׼ʥ
һʧǲˮһգ˷ѴļƷ꾧ΪЦ
ӣϹʯȤǰɷ񳷵ӡǴȼ£յľϹѩ˼һ£
Ȼԣ
ӣʮʹشӦˮ̨ƣͷʯ
ʯ̲
߶֮͸ʯ֮ʱҶ֪һ˿ģ֮۾ʱ
ĵƣʩչҲȻһŵ˵һŵԶԶʯ̲صĹҩʵֵ㾡ȥᡣ
ˣλͼɣʯļΪڼƷ꾧λԾˣ
һʱӣˮ̨½סʯ
ڼƷ꾧
ʯĵ׼ۣ˵׼ֱۣþųɾŵʿʧȥ˾ĵʸ
ʱʯģֻоڣϹ壬ٳֵĵڣԼҶˡ
ӣԼ׼ۺûһ˿ھۣĿ£ɵ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
֪ʯĵ׼ʱҲһΪðڼƷ꾧ע̫ˣԾǰѾĵĿܡ
ͻȻϪ𣬱۵ڼƷ꾧

˱ۣӣһĵЦݡ
ȻϪûмһżƷ꾧ӣ۸Ѿܸˡ
峤ϣ˵ҪҪðնһѣ
ׯϹѩһԥ˵
⡭е󣬲ʯյѹ֮ҿôߵĵ׼ۣǶʯܿãгһݾԶҩǿĹҩڼƷ꾧ǿԽܡ׷ԲԵ峤ɫص˵
ڼƷ꾧
ھڣϹǷӼ۾ʱҶ籨ˡ
Ȼˣ
Ҷ籨ۣϹѩͻȻ뵽ҶԼѡ̲ʯ飬ƯĴ۾͸¶˵â
ҲʯĲϹѩһ峤ϣԶöټƷ꾧
ңǰҪԼ̫ϳͬ⡣峤˵
һΰɣϹѩҧһ촽û峤ϵ۵ڼƷ꾧
С㡭
Ϲѩۣ峤ϵɫ䡣
ǻδϹ棬Ϲѩ˽ԱۣʯеıﲻֵۣϹѩҪ⵽ͷҲܵǣ뵽µĺǾһĲ
˼Ҷ΢̣¶˵Цݣ˱ϹѩסʱҶٴμӼۣʮڼƷ꾧
ʮڡ
ʮڼƷ꾧൱ǧƷ꾧ôߵļ۸ʥˡ
ʮڼƷ꾧мӼ۵𣿡
ӣһ֮ɫþòɢ˵΢΢Щ
ҲǸ˵ݣҪ֪˭
ܶҶݲ˺棬֪ݱ̰ͼĲƸɱ
С㣬ɣ
峤ϰһвʵϹѩȰ˵
峤ϣ˵ҶӵϵļƷ꾧ôô࣡Ϲѩҧ촽ҲҶ籨ļ۸ŵˡ
˵Ŀ±¶ԼĲƸ󣬹ƻв˶֣ʱӦ֪ݣ峤ϻ˵
Ȼû˼ӼۣһʯҶĵá
ΪҶģʹӣڼ͵ĲϢ΢΢Щ
ʯļ۸˵Ԥϣ˼ʶҶƿصĲƸ
ҶҲ˴ᣬ˵˼ϣη޾壬ܴע⡣
ˣ߰ɣ
Ҷ֧ʮڼƷ꾧ʯȸ˱е裬˵ľݣѩԼϲ̵㣬뿪ҡ
Ҷ¶ʱһҫ۵ǣڳ˵Ŀ⣬ΪΨһĽ㡣


1263 ˭
ҶӣŵˡϹѩ߳ңһ۸𺳵Ҷ磬ԥһ£һǰ˵Ӿôȷʯеıֵۣ
̽ңֵֵҵ£ҵܵܵж͸Ҷ翴Ϲѩµ䲻ȵ˵
ϹС㣬֪ϲ޹ص͸㣡
һ¶һ˿ЦݣǮ޹˳˫ֵݸɫ΢΢һ䣬ϴϹѩ
̫ˣҲգ
ϹѩȻϲ޹ѩе˼ҡҡͷίľܾ
ϹС㣬ҵܵݵһ⣬㻹°ɣҶ绺˵Ȼھ粻ߣڲõĽһ֮ۡ
ôĿƾһ仰һΪߣ
Ϲѩδ˵һ
һϮɫۣ߳ĸߴ󣬹۾ݽеľڸͬ£˹
氮ĽϹѩѾãҲϹ治κȾָϹѩοҶ֮Ҷ⡣
ӱݣ¿
ƳһȲľ棬

Ļһʵͫһһ㣬֣ŭҪݺݵؽѵ
ͻȻС֣׼ȷĿס󣬳ڽֱ۵ɱ
꣡
Եٵ߳һţһعǣѪƬֱײһڸֵϡ
Ҳ˭ȰòҪңҶ翴ɫѿľ棬ؾ
㡭
Ϊڵܵȴ裬ƲסеŭҪʱֳˡ
Уֹ򶷣λע⣡
һӵīɫɫۣɨһҶ;棬˵
֣û꣡
Ȼǿ󣬵ȣмʵ࣬һסĵŭ˴˼صӣɱڵ뿪ˡ
Ҷӣ⾵ССıϪѵ
ûϵҶҡҡͷη˵뿪׳ǣӦûкܶ˽ɱңһ
Ҷ͸ޱǿţ߶¶֮ɫ֪ʲô
ϹС㣬Ҹһ£֮پܾҾǿ󣡡Ҷ罫ĿƵϹѩϣ˵
Ҷ˵
ϹѩҶǿҵĺģö˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦѹһߣϹѩĶУţϹѩƯĴ۾͸˵â΢΢ЩţǼðſſźݡ
ܹӣҺϲлл㣡
ϹѩȻһЦ͸޹
ˣʱˣҲҪϹˣҶӣܹӣλǺڣ
˵꣬Ϲѩһ˵Ϲͬ£ת뿪ˡ
ҶһҲ׼뿪ʱɢųӣˣϹ˵ЦݵҶӣ֪ʱļ𣿡
£
ӣĵҶ絭ʵ
Ҷӣ뽻ѣԸ⽫ݱǣԸ棬鷳ӣ˵
ĺˣһȺ߹ѣͲͷˣǿԽҶ΢΢һЦУҺһֱѣֻǹﲻ֪ѡ
ģ
ӣ¶һ˿֮ɫҶףϵ䡣
ǲģܿͻ֪Ҷ絭˵
˵꣬Ҷûоôݵ뿪᳡
λϣ𣿡
ӣҶȥıӰüͷһ𣬵ʵ
ûмˣ֪˭ˡλͣ뵽ǰʱ׿£뵽һЩ¡
ϣ˭ӣʵ
ӣӦ״°ɣʵ
ϣ˵ǵ̷棬ն״˫ȵǸˣ
ȻϢӣһЩţɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫ
⣬ӦǴˣϵ˵ͷ˵
ϣ˵ʲôˣ˵ʱ̷ϴŭҪ״ȴһֻµץߣдţϰ̫ϳϴġӣʵ
Ҳ²ն״˫ȵǸˣҪ˾鷳ˣϵӣٷųӥ۲׳ĶϷϾҪˣ


1264 ӥ
Ҷ磬ϹС˵ʲôͻȻı⣬޹
뿪һʵ֪ҶϹѩ˵ʲô
Ҹ޳˽ģı˵һѡ񣡡Ҷ¶ŵЦݵ
ôϹС㴦ãһ
ʵڼ֮ϣŮƿԼˣϹѩƯŮӣ׳ΪĶ󡣡Ҷ絭˵ݣúɣϹϿ㣬ʵӲȢϹѩ
İɴ磬һΪǿߣݽ˫ȭĵı֤
ÿһλǿߣǴӰ׹Ƕ߳ģҪĿ顣ݼ׵ݣ߳׳ǣĸֽɱ²¡
£
ᶨ˵
ǺãǳǣЩͼ˹Ҷ¶ŵЦݣԵƥ
ҶӣҪҵڰæ𣿡
ϪҶܲ򵥣Զп£һ飬ʵ
л⣬һȺ߹ͲͷλˡҶ΢΢һЦɫݵ˵·ΣȫƿС
뿪׳ǣҶĸ֪ʮǿɨԼ壬ЩУ˾ܴڡ
ֻ˾𣿡
Ҷ緺һ˿ЦݣٻϹŲͼģʱ׼ƿռ䣬ɱ֮С
Ҷһ˾׳ԽԽԶһֱиֶûżֱ֣ɫԽԽڣ¹ⱻĺʱһģӰ˺ҹҶһǰ
ӥˣ
ɫۣ˫ӥһĲߣɽоߣݽܶϳͻȻסǵˣɢޣؾӥˡ
ӥаʵ£ʤָ˵ϣڱϣĿܡ
̲ס׼ˣ
ӥˣҶû¶һ˿ţƽ˵
ǿ⣬ұǲ
ӥ˷۾˸ŴĿ⣬꺮һ䡣
Ҫǿԣɣ
Ҷһٻʥһ˭İͦε˳
ʱ·һϵ񽣣һչ¶žâ
Ҳʱٻ칭ʱ׼ʵɲӥˡ
칭칭ôϣ
ɨӵϵ칭ӥ¶һ˿֮ɫʵ
˭û
۾͸˵ĽâǿѪ֮ʼѡ
ҵСˣû뵽ȻԵϣ
ӥϵɱⱻȡ칭ǹϲıˣ칭ˡ
ʱӥ˲СҶˣ׼ȫһǻɱ
ͻȻӥ˷ҶгһӣһųŻ֮ӣʱȫĺëֱһִһӱըı£Ҳʬ޴档
ಣ
ͻȻһ̶ƿҶȡʥ飬׼ɱӥʱںڰеĸҶ˷Ҫǻɱı
ɣ
ҶһʮһǬ֮ɳ壬γһƬ꣬ݵǰֵһϮɱʱ׼ʥ飬ɱӥˡ
ӥ
ᵽŨŨвӥһһӰԾ˰Уһֻܵŵӥ˼ɵһҶ磬Լٶȷˡ
ӥ˱ʥܣҶû׷ɱһǬ֮ٵػһݣɱںҹеĸ֡
һҽУʵ׵ս޻ʸֱҶƵǬ֮飬Ѫڰ׹Ⱦ˴ء
ӥôͻȻˣ
ںҹУͼɱҶ˵ĸ֣ʵǿӥͻȻ뿪ᵽһ˿ѰϢ
ӥǺεȴڣǿǱȼľ֣Ҷܽߣƿ޷ĵƣò˴ùġ
̰ͼҶıյĲƸջɱ
¡¡
һ쾪װըںҹ
ŨŨѪڵУͻȻһΡߴɽɽ֮ϣ׷Բԣòʶߡ
ɽʥû뵽Ҳˣ
˹⽫ϢųȥһЩϹ֣ǵֻɱˣӥȻˣʥ֣Ǽ˱ɣ
ʥӥһκεɣɢޡ
Ȼʥ˾ܣʵԶӥˣһĸֵͬܣһͬ꣬ͨټһͬƵɽﵽ׼ʥȼӥҲԸΪС
Сıһ
һһҶ˶ըݣѩöʹ಻ѡ
Ҫϵıԣ
ҶԵػӦֳʥӿնӭ׹˸ɽ˹ȥ


1265 ʥ

ʥû뵽Ҷ絨ôǻɽעӴĵɽ׹Ҷ磬Ҫ顣
ͼ
ɽĻ׹⣬Ҷٻ˾ͼͼصͼеͼͼͼע

һ
ںͼעĵͼиֳ֮飬ŤӴɽסɽĻһ亳һԡ
ʲô˾Ȼ׼ʥɽѵʵ弶ս޻ʾ磬ܣ
Ŀþ֮麳ɽһĻںҹеĸ¶֮ɫ
ˢˢҶ磬ҪĿıʱģӰѳ壬һһҹʥ

͸ҹŷӶĽܺ޷ʥ¶һ˿ɫ
ǻ꣬սս鼫ḻټͨʩչĹ¡
ͬʱһƣ˲۳֣գҷųĵƣѹ˿ǵ
ৣ
˲ʥںһնȥϳһ޴İ仡׹һֲ£ֱƿ˺֣һնˣһܡ
֮ʣ޷ҫŵâһſķǸֳ壬ڵҹգͷŴĿĹâʥǺ׹ڰмҵĶײ
ǬǬһ
ʥҶɱʱҶ߸ߵԾ𣬿ƼٻİʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬻һնѵصǬ޽նʥ
һն۷·Ҫ룬һ˫˫ͫУֻһ춯أﲻƵĽâ
оҶһĿ£ʥҴ⣬һ氵ɫ̻ɽƵĹŵͷٵҡγһ⣬ֵǬ޽
ͣ
ˮķƱǬ޽У˺ѣµľ޽ݺݵն˹ŵϣֱӽŵն˵Ѻۣǿն
ɽ𣡡
ʶҶµĹʥ֮ģѸٻ˱ͼ˵ɽҪ׼ʥɱҶˡ
ͼɣ
˸޾׹ɽײҶƾͼϵرռڶһ㣬ֱӽɽɽ˾ͼռУƾ֮ѹ
ʥʥ
ĿɽͼɵһĻʥ¶֮ɫû뵽Ҷ羹ȻʥӾͼͷŵͼһʥ
ಣ
ɽͼѹһ˲䣬ܣ޷ʥ
Ҷûٳ֣ȫͼͷŵ֮ͼУžͼѹɽ
ҶЯʥҹ¼ҽʱںҹеĸ֣˷ҪסǣǵвҶ硣

ͻȻһҽ
ݽܶ˵ĸ֣Ҷǰ£еϹŲͼɱڰлһѪ
ͫԳѪȼգ
۾ҫŨŨսߺһȼѪ֮仯˽ͫԳ壬ֳּƷ˲Զһ֣ڴеʮʵĸɱ
㣬չ˺Լ
뵽ҶĻûһζĶϹŲͼУֳ֮˳ϧ۵ȼ˻ѪһϹŲͼס֡
ɶ⵽ʲôΪʲô˵Ŀ£
ʥֳƷȼ׹ⳤǹ͹һʱ䣬ûжһ˿˺¶˲˼֮ɫԽԽľ
޷ڽܱ£ϵغһſŹǣˣǵ壬ǵơ
Ʊܺ޷ѹƣʥеϴѸټһɳŴף׼ʥȼĹᦡ
ٻᦣʥ׷뾫Ѫ˷ӡڹе飬һëȻĹڹ
ᦣɱ
еȫѣʥᦹҪᦵӲĨȥеӡǣնҶұۡ
Ǹ
Ҷû뵽ʥһа׼ʥΪᦵڲӡ飬ײеֶΣزݡ
ϳʥףʥ꣡
յϮҶٻʥס塣
ڷʥգϳʥ׺£ҷռгԽԽŨһ㡣


1266 նʥ
ʥʥס
ĿӿҶϳʥ׺ͷʥʥˣǲһ˿
ֶΣٱҶƣǵĴΣˡ
֮ʣܺ޷аĹƽʥǷ
ಣ
ڽǿĹӲֿһʥʱҶȼ֮Ѫ߱ٻ˽ڵҹлһ⣬ͻȻƽһˡ
һ̣Ʒʥ赸ֳҶ壬ںҶ缸ȫĻ۳һɱߺɱ˹ȥ

оû赵ľɱĿ£¶˾֮ɫǬָٻеķƽзɱһ
ɱĹ̫£ٻķƸֵסɱݿ顣
䣡
ɱУ鲣һˣµľɱ̵֮ĳˮƽ壬飬Ͼ

űɱ䱬׶ʥ˱Ĵ
Ҳû뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀ£ǵĹɱ
Ҫ
ȫŭ׶ʥǱһϧ۵ȼǿѪѪʵޣ򼸺ľȫҶ緢
ҪɱΪ
֮ˮ
ؼʱ̣ܵҶǰ׶ʥˮĹ׼õ֮ˮ˳һڣָżɺԵĻ
ᦣ֣
ϱܻ⣬׶ʥ뾫ѪᦵҡһֻֻµĹɱܡ
ӣ
о̺ϵ½Ҷٻ׼ʥӣס˽ܣֵһֻֻĹ
ˡ
޴ڵҹ
ʥ죬ʥҶһ͵Ĺ£еĹϱɱ׶ʥĹƱȫѹˡ
ʱûͼͼо֮ѹסɽɽײ֮飬
ľһ
ۿɽ׶ʥٻľֳҶ壬£ݺݵسɽ
䣡
ľкȻ𣬿µĲɽռ뵽С
ľϵؽȫһƷʥ˸׹ɽľֱӳ˳ȥӴɽиǳ˵ĿĵѺۡ
ʲôһʥһﵽ״ĳģϵʥôô࣡
ĿɽľɵһĻ׶ʥĲ
ʱг˺ڣԼϸɱҶ磬Լ뵽ٲв԰Ρ
ܣסһˣ
ҶȫĽ´
ӵ׶ʥĹƽ϶ֵĿע£ץסĸ첲
һ̣Ƶ׶ϵ֫ʱж
赣ɱ
ץסǿ϶жʱҶٴνոջָĻע뵽˾У۳һɱɱ϶
䣡
ر졣
µǳ׹أֱӴݻ϶壬ɱ
ܣ
϶ҲҶɱϴ۾ʱѪɫغ
˵ز׾ǻ뿪ɣ
ĿҶɱ׶ʥһĻڰʱ׼Ҷ緢һľڸĲˡ
ߣ
ȻвʣȷʵҶµʵסˣžڸ֣Ѹ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ֵˣ
Ҷֺһ֮ˮٵػָżɺԵĻĿͶ˫Ѫ죬ɱϴ
Ҫǵ
ԾϴûܣԼΪý뵽УǿĹ
ɱ
һ·Եںϴ壬ᦻһµĹŤӴҶ緢һ
Ǭһ
ϴһҶһĶãȫֵ֮ʣưʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬻Ǭ޽ݺݵնᦻɵĹϡ
ܣ޷Ҳʱᦣеϴ
䣡
Ҷ磬ȫ£ᦻĹӲֵסˣеϴ⵽ش
Ϊ˸ȥܱܵϴƴˣ壬ȫѪҺ뵽УŹ֮Ӳ˺Ҷ˵ĹߺɱҶ硣
䣡
ݺݵײҶ絲ǰľϡ
һ̣ں˴ľбɱ֮ƥغᦣӲ˺˵Ѻۣϴ
ʥ𣡡
Ҷ类һɹɿ񱩵ɳȥʱ³˷ʥ͸ᦷ϶ϴ

ʹĺ쳹ʣڷʥ£屬ϴ󱻻ˡ
꣬嶼ͷʹѵʥȫҶնɱ


1267 Ѫ
Ҷ磡
˽ģԡѪɱݣҶ类µķ֮һĻһ³⡣
ͣ
֮ʣһĳ̴壬Ѫ罦˳
ȥɣ
һս޻ŭһҪһɱݣ˽
ǧһ֮ʣһģӰӳԣɱս޻ʿģӰʱû꣬ɴ۾¶˼֮ɫ
㣬ô㣡
ųߵҶ磬ս޻һֿĸоȫĺëֱ
ļУҶոձϴһشӦ׹䵽ԶܳԼǰ
֮ʣҶͻȻ֣һƣԴ
㲻㵽˭
ܼ䣬ս޻ʸȫסҶһƹͻȻ뵽ʲô
ʱ屻͵طں˽ĵһڰн֯һĽâһ룬Ѫ罦һأ
̫أȥͼˣʣµĽˣ
ҶŤһ˼أִֵݣݿܵ
㣬㵽˭
ѪֹؿڣҶһģһʵ
ľ񣡡
˵֮ʣҶ׹ĵط˾춯صı
ںڰеĸ֣ץסҶ׹صĻᣬ׷ƸԵĵŵҪһٽɱ
ʮ͵Ĺ£Ƭط·˵𣬾ҵĲһ㣬̬ĵŵҶ׹ĵزȫݻ٣ʮɡ
СӦ˰ɣ
׵ĵز㣬Ծڰеĸֳһ
ͬʱ⵽ʮŵ׼ʥܲסؾܽ
뵽ֿٵطԾʮɵĵضҶı
ͻȻŻ֮ĵضгһ죬ֱӷƬݵĵزռ䣬סˡ
һ̣һīĽâֱƲ׺أ˺˿ռ䣬һɱս޻ʸ֡
ûûû
ۣ罣ߵҶĳǰʮ͵ϮҶŴˣ׷ݿռϷȥ
ӣ̫ˣ
Ҷһ󣬰ʮһǬ֮壬֮£ƪ¡
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ҲҪˣֻкһ
һѪ˾ܴҪ֮Ҷһ
˶𣿡
Ʒʥ½۵Ҷ磬͵Ĺֳʥջɱϵոڸֵ
Ҫɱң㲻Ҫɱң֪ˣֻҪ㲻ɱңԸţ
Ҷɱ¾һĻ߿˲˵ķߣò˿ģҶһ
ҶԴ˴Ӳ飬ţɱ¾
ܿ죬ŨŨѪζݿռ䣬ֻʣѪ΢΢Щӷףֳɰì˾ߡ
ڰì
ʶҶֶΣ˾֪ѾûãͼڽеɰìУһ˺еĿռѺۣһìҶؿڡ
ۿҶؿڱڰìУڽͭʥУһĽâӶصն˺ڰìϣµĹֱӽ˾ն˳ȥ
ʧصصײʯʱһĿĽǰܵĺһȭҪҶˡ
꣡
Ҷߵȭͷײһ𣬳ڽԼֱ֮֮ӷȭâӿֱУ۹ǵͬʱϾֱ۵
գ֮䣬ߵֱۿήˣһĻ뵽С
ѪԪȼգ
ƲϼأȼȫѪԪ̶ʵһ
ҶĹֶ̫࣬ϳʥףʥǬ󲻶ϵѹƣʱԽԽصҲֵסҶһ壬
ԡѪްɱˣҶ˵ռջصǬУɳɢŴ̱Ѫζݿռ䣬档
ʱڽܣ޷㹥£ǰɱҶİ˳ɸֱɱѪ㼯ѪϪ֫ɢڵϣռ˼
ݣ㻹ðɣ
Ҷ罫ȫͷ˳ȥַԲռ̣սǬУ屻Ʋߣĵʵ
û£
ɫ԰׵ҡҡͷ˵
߰ɣǻܼң
Ҷιһ˵ȶסƣٻۣˣ뿪Ƭ˼


1268 ¼
ʥˣ
ʥǰȥɱҶĸ˽ˣɱ֮ر˼
Ϣٶȴ˽Կֲٶȴ
һʱ䣬򱩶ˣҶָҰ̫̫֪
Ϣȷ䣿
ʥ׳һֱڰĽȺУһɫۣΰ͸ŲŭһϢüͷ΢΢һ壬ƤǰһϢˣʵ
ӣ峤Ҳѵһľ֮ţǧ꣬ͻƵؾͨ
ףϢǧȷ̳ͨµ츳꣬תΪ˾ӷ˵Ҵڽ׳ᣬչ¶˵ĲƸǧƷ꾧ʮڼƷ꾧˰ʯڵ౦
˵𣿡ͨʵгȲȶء
ϴϢ˼пܾǵ̷棬ն״Ǹˣӷ˵
Ȼͨüͷĸˡ
ף̫ϳйϵ𣿡˼еͨӷʵ
ţϵ̫йأϵ̫֣ץ̷ϡͨ˵ͷҲΪѯʹϵ̫棬Ҫ֪ݣϵ̫ûиңֻԼˣҪͻ
⡭廹ҪҪ£ӷЩʵ
ȥϵ̫ɣ˼ʲô˼ϵִ̫̻ˣȷʵö
˵꣬ͨеƤվǰ֮һϵչеɵء
ͬʱϹ壬ͬȻ󲨡
棬˼棬ܿʵ𣿡
һվɽУһϥɽۣϢɽһأ·ѹһС
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뵽ҹһĻ£һָоԼ뿪˵ԼѾһʬ
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ѣ˵Ȼ벻˾ӥʹ˺εֶΣӥ˵ʵ൱ӥ˶ѡ֤˺Σա
˸Ҿڣҵкֶܶ޻أ
棬һʱ䣬ͲҪˣھɣһзƽ˾֮뿪ڣ
˶Ծʮֿأ⣬Ķ
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ΪҶɱ䣬Ȼ󲨣˼ҶȴᣬУֻҪ岻ԼҶߡ
ڵĹϵҶٷŭҲԸԼ
οԼɱĶǱвǰ
Ҷӣڻˣ
ܼȻֻһСǵϢȴͨһʱ֪ڽ׳ⷢ£Ҷ˵İΣ
ܼǵˣ鶼ѾˣҶ¶ŵЦݣɫݵ˵
ˣҶӣ֪ν鷳
֪Ҷ˺ְ취ôȥ
ҰǶɱˣҶƽ˵·˵һ΢顣
ɱˣ
һһϢȫˡ
صԺҶϴһ裬ϴɾϵѪζǬУɱ¾֮ħԼѪʨ˹
Ѫӣ׼ʥ͸㣬ħŵ㣬Ѫʨɽ㣡
Ҷû˽ɱУõջ͸ɱ¾֮ǡ
Ѫӣħƣʱ䣬׼½һˣʱһὫǣԼëԳ½Ҷ
Ҷ٣ǿ½ħҶ˼ʵ
½½ԴҶ˵ͷ˵ħ½ѶӦò󣬵Ѫӿƶ½еѶȡ
λȥһƶֻҪ˶ͻࡣ
ˣǻȥúɣȡض½ǰǶͻƾ磡Ҷ˵
һ뿪Ҷ򵥵Ϣһᣬûоǿʯ⣬ǽȫȡ˳Ͷ뵽ȸУʥᴿ
ǼƷҶ˵ѶȲһʱ䣬еϣƳʮ
Ȼʮŵҩܼ࣬˵ֻҩƽ⣬ֻ轫ˮУ¼ɡ
οܼѪͬʱѵ˲࣬ʮԡ
ˣʱˣ
Ҷ罫ʮս˴ƿУ뿪ǬǰסıԺ


1269 ٹ
Ҷӣôˣ
ݣ⵽оҶϢԺУӭ
ܼڵܼ⵽
ü͸ǣҶ¶ŵЦݵ
һ㣡
ûпصص˵ͷ
İɣֻҪ岻û˸ʱܼңҶ¾Ҳҡ
Ҷӣ嵽ʲôϵ
뵽Ҷ統ն״˫ȣȴѡ˳Ĭݳ˺档
ûʲôϵʶһλǰλܸߣҶҡҡͷܼҪˣұܼ£ʮ㡣

Ŵƿʮ¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
ˮз£ͿɽÿһſɽˡҶ绺˵
лллҶӣܼҵĶ飬ûҶؾһм˵
ҴӦܼϵģܼͲ̫ˣҶ΢΢һЦܼȥˣʱҡ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪ˡ
»صǬռ䣬Ҷ罫ǿŻʮڼƷ꾧ĵõʯ˳ֳʥȫƿӲʯǡ
ʱһǿ֮ʯ˳֮ǿҶõǿŵҪǿ
ٹ
ƿʯǣҶ翴ʯģӡһӣҴСͨīɫѪɫƵĹʵŹʵ̬ҶϳŹʵԴммصһʵٹ
ڵٹļֵߣڵٹԪԪɺԵϹ˵Ը⸶һдһٹ
ҹȻĶˣٹϣֵ»ᳬڼƷ꾧쾳֪ٹ½ް֮գ
Ҷ罫ٹӡһʮĴɺУٵϢһᣬǰиĹ׸˳̵ֱ˶Уƾת׸̺ǿŵӿȪѨУӿȪѨɱٶȡ
¡¡
׸ĹУҶвƻǿĹ֮ϵƻ塣
ת徳Ҷ忰ȼƷ׸ͷŵĹ֮޷ƻ
Ҷʹһתת䣬׸ʱ˿ڻҺָݣѩ˷á
ҩЧԶԶ󣬷ҺоͻѪ໥ķԽԽ
ʱɱ䣬ڵͻѪںϣܼµˡ
ܼѳ߱ϣܼ뵽ŨŨļ֮ʱϪڸͬ£ܼҸݼҶ硣
֪Ҷڽ׳ɱ䣬ɱʥڽˣ´Ϊ𾪣ҶܽϪڹϣϪԸðž޴ķռ
ҸΪǰܷҪһŵɢųζֵϪҶʵ
Ҷ˵ֻҪܰ쵽һӦ㣡
ʶҶĿ£Ϫϵʮʹ˵
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Ϫ˵ͷһڴӦ
л
Ҷ¶˵ЦݣҪϪռҩݣصٻȸ
ʱҶ뿪˷䣬ŰɫĴϪеŴֻһţܽʣţԱʱ֮ɡ
л
Ϫû뵽ҶôɹŴ̺İҩŵҩŲɡ
õŶҪĴϪûܼҾô͸ܼһЩԴ뿪ˡ
Ϫһ뿪Ҷ罫ݣѩԼ꺭ԼУõ¶Ϊϴ壬ǿųйʣ̲ʯгĹ̹ԼŴ˵ʵ
ȻҶǿʵĹʮʹ֪࣬ȻԵһںȫҧ֡
ڣ˼ҹѩ꺭˫˫˾磬꺭Ǵս޻Ӳ弶ս޻ʾ硣
ڶŮûãܼҸϿͻȻ˴ƣһѹֲֿϢܼҸܼһļѹŴʯĸо
ƣͻȻֵĽƣҶ¶˵ЦݣԻʧɫѩ˵Ҵȥ췣ܼҵȴ
˵꣬Ҷһץס˱ͻƱԵݣշԼٶ뿪ҵܼҸܳȺɽУ׼ػݶ췣


1270 ɽеⷢ
ݣӦ췣ĺôܶɹ췣ܽ췣֮úõĥԼԵ򣬸ĵ췣ͬСûд߸޷ɹ
Ҷ翴ϥݣĶ
İɴ磬Ҳʧһɹ췣ģݽȭͷᶨ˵
ãȫ׼ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷվݶɽ⣬ǿͷ˳ȥΪ

нԽԽ޾ĿھҷĽϯڵɽȣζɽгʯ裬ƬƬֲ
¡¡
ͻȻҷĽ޾Ŀ˺ŽƣǧƳ˽ƣηƻһηݡ
׽٣
ŴɿףҶֻ֪ǱȽͨ׽٣ֻҪݾǿ֮ģȫԸһԶɹ
䣡
׽ٽ˲佫ûˣƻ壬Ҫ顣
Ѫȼգ
׽ٹȼ˻ѪһֻµĹӰֳ壬ʵ
ĺƽ䣡
ȼѪӲס׽ٹݼ֮ʩչոĺƽһʽ֯һ콣â˺׽٣׽ٵ
ԡѪɱİʱס׽ٵһع޷Ҷȣ׽ٷƻ£أദλ¶ɭ׵Ĺͷ
ݣƷŵ£
ƻУҶڵڶ췣ǰڻѪԣһɢŨŨҩƷŵιС
¡¡
ҷĽͬױը˻صıըƳ˽ƣݺʹɽҶ硣
Ҷʵ̫ǿ󲿷׹ҪôɽҶɱ
ƣ
Ҷһ㣬صͼͷµص˺˰ٵɱ췣ݵ˵˶ɽ⡣

Ҷոߣں˹ŵӴҩȫͣ屻һſݷ˾޴ʹ
ž޴ʹֳ֮Ĺ췣֮Źŵҩȫս޻ʾ硣
Ȼʮֵʹ࣬ûǿ֮ģļš
ڣѪ弸ݣʱ췣ϴڳӴҩһٳƿͻƵ˶ս޻ʾ硣
ͻƣݵ췣δɢȥʱҶٴδݶɽ򣬳ŷ췣ȡʮڵ֮ԨõҩȴѪ飬ֱڽʮҪѨС
¡¡
оʮѪ֣ҪɢȥĽٴٵƳ˽ƣ췣ҪҶ˫˫ɱ
ৣ
׹ҶֻһնµĽâֱɱȫ飬˻ص˶ɽ⡣
壬գ
ֱ췣ݼ壬췣ϴȫɱ
ţɽж
ݽҧȫɽʱɽȱµ׽ƻĲӣӲĹȵزϵݣѺݺύһŨŨصĹȵ͸
ǡʯ󣡡
Ҷͷǿ͸Ѻǿ͸ʱɽȵĵײⷢһʯ
ȻֻǳӦҶһָоڵص׼Ľʯܴܴ̺ĽʯԳܼҷֵܼĿǰ̫СԼֲԶʯҲܼҴ֮֡
˼ȥҶ뵽ȫİ취Ǿܼһͬʯ
ȻܼʧԴֽܼ׶˵ҪĲԴʱ䣬òֽʯȡӻ׶ܼ˵ֻкôûл
׽ңƻݵ壬췣ϴУݲϵڲҩʮѪһʵ
췣ĥУԽԽǿɱļ
ڣݼɱ˴ʱ䣬ĵڶ췣ɢȥˡ
ʱ̺ʣ޼ֵֻסһ췣ܶɹ췣̥ǡ
¡¡
̺췣֮ٵػ㼯㼯һµ׹һХƿƺ˺۵ݡ
췣˲˽еɱ
ĺƽ䣡
췣һݲˣŽĵںԼԽնĿǰյǿһ
һʵʵһĺĽâңնϣһն췣ϣǿ췣
ȻʮնĽâ췣飬췣Ҳ½˽һ룬Ѿ޷Σݵ
գ췣ݺ˺ʧˣͲɱĽģɹ췣һս޻ʼ֮


1271 
ݣζ췣̺齣֮͸ˣ
ҶΪһƣǰڵõǿ齣֮͸
ллΪһ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰ף״̬ݽӹ֮м˵
ݣ㿴ʲôҶ¶Ц˵
£
һͷŻ͸ݺύѺۣţ԰׵¶˲˼֮ɫ
⣬ɽһʯ󣿡
Ϊɽȵ汻췣ƻأʮɣʯĽܵˣͷŵоǿĽ֮
ɽһʯȻֻǳƣҸоʯܴܼܿҴ޷ĲƸҶ˵ͷ˵
̫ˣүү֪һ˻ģݼ˵
ݣȲҪˣ㣬ܼҵʵͬʱʯҪ֪ԽĽʯ󣬿ԽǿޣܼҲ޸򡣡
Ҷ翴ݿϲģ˵
⡭
ҶĻһˮеϲá
һͨ׵Ļ˵һڲܳԳӣܼҪҪһһӡ̫󣬳ҪµģҶѵ
磬˼ܼһͬʯ󣡡Ҷ˼˵
ʯõѡ񣬶ܼ˵ֻкôûлҶ˵ͷ˵
磬˭ʯãʵ
Ϲ͵ôҶ
Ҷ֮Է壬Ϊ岻˽⣬ںڵδǰӴϹ͵ʵǿҶĿǰʵȫӦв
Ϲ壡
۾һɵ뵽˼ĺϹѩ
߰ɣǻȥʯοܼԼոֻҸ˽顣
˵꣬Ҷ뿪췣ƻصɽȣصܼҸ
֪ܳһͽʯʱϲ֮࣬¶һ˿ǡ
Ҷһʯãܼס˵ûҶĳ֣һʯѾˡ
үүҶ飬ܼڣϹһͬʯ󡣡˵
ţܼҵʵһͬʯȷʵõѡ񣬲ܼϹ壬ڲ飬¡ǵ˵
İܼϵڱĺ£ǲܾģҶ΢΢һЦϹѩϪʶһȥݷ
ǺãҾʹȥݷϹ͵ڣ
һҶ磬ûԥϵ
ҵķȥ
Ϊ˱⣬Ҷýݷ
뿪ҶûдܼҸȺɽУ½ɽµĽʯⱻ˷֡
ҹԽԽɽ־ĵģֻвݴе֨֨ҽС
һȼյͻȻӳڵɽ֣ţһ˴ߵɽƮ˲ɽеޡ
ҶɢĽ̫£ʹɽе޸ҿֻïʢĹľУԶԶع
ҶΧڿĽƣ͵ԣƷζųԣ磬˻ζ⡣
úóԣ̫óˣ
Ĺĵģ۾״ԵĽζ
У˾֮ڽ壬ůʮ
ͻȻҶһӰһģӰߣָһһɢŨŨ⣬ԹԵС
ʲôˣΪʲôԣ
ⱾͲ࣬ŵΪĺӣŭˣСɢŨŨѹϢݺݵʵ
СҪôףǵ⣬ö㣡
Ũں룬ݣ˫볤ĺӣ¶һڽ׵ݣЦ˵
˭ϡ⳥˹̵⣬³
˵ţ㽿Сбڽ֮һȭӿµȭâһ㣬˺ӡ
СѾͷƢС
Ȼһȭܴɽ嶼飬ںϣȴһ˿š
ָһ㣬ֱӵڽȭâ赭дĹ
֣
Ҷͫһ¶֮ɫ
޷Ƶһȭ
츳ô
ʯ˫⣬¶һ˿ɫ
㣬ҪˣҶ翴һʵɲĺӣס㡣
˰ɣƷζ⣬Ĺĵʵ
ǣǲˣҶҡҡͷ˵
ˣȴŪ⣬Сһﲻ򵥰ӴǬָȡһƣһ˵
ǰһ򵥣Ҷ絭˵
ľƣ̸ֻ£̸ģȡƣӸҶ㣬²˵
ϲߣ˭̸£ƲƲ죬һھƣݺݵ˵
ȻҶԺӵݲһ˿棬ΪˣûѯʣһЩȤ¡
ܿ죬һⱻƽ̵֣˶УƣҲǺ˸⡣
ʹ죬þûôʹˣԱ㣬ӻվ˵ϷӲǷ飬ǵ⣬Ҿʹһײɣ٣Ϳǵ츳ˡ
˵ţһֻȣԡڵҹתŲƣ˲ûʮٶȲӰڵ̤һ˸ӡ
˶λСѣԵټɣ
˵ţ΢΢һʧҹС


1272 
ɶǸϲ̫ɶˣǵ⣬ôˣ
㿴ʧҹµĺӣ޵ֱӣĥ
ոʵɲ⣬һʵﵽ쾳
Ծһδɱ䣬εȵĿ£ǸոҶԸӦΣδоʵľ硣
쾳ܡ磬˵֣ԣǲǶͼı
۵С¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ²
ᣬֻǱζҶҡҡͷߣǹȥĲ
˵ţҶ˲Զյϣǳһ£켣һ˸ӡ
Ĳ
Ҷ۾һ鿴ҵһ˸ӡʱ
һָоµһ˸ӡͨҪֵɹ
˵˭أ
²ˣ½պĴҶ˽ޣһʱ²˵ݡ
㣬£һʱ䣬͸ײɣܲ͸ǵİܴ󣡡Ҷ
ţ
ҲʶˣͱµĲ˵ͷСԴ
ʱһȥ
Ҷ·ߵܣϥһ˸ӡԣϵز͸
ײȻȽ޽Ҷ˵ãǿŽĲ뽣ںϣŽĵȼ
ҲŽײԳӰںϡ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һʱ͸Ҷ˫˫µĸ˽ԳӰĵȼ
Ҷ磬԰£Ӳȼһ̤˲ʮٶȣ½ͼγɵĹҲɱ
Ҷ͸Ĳʵʱүˣڽͬ£صܼҸ
ҶԤһϹڸ޷ܾŵĴȫܼͬһͬʯ󣬳ŵܼҽõĺϵͬչ˫˫ܳǣ鿪ʯ顣
ҶƵĴϪҶӵĿأܳǣֿʯ顣
Ϲ壬ȴֻϹѩϹսܶˣԼ𱣻ǰȫĻЩܼҵ˼
ϹС㣬ӣʯܼҷֵģֻܼʵޣ޷뵽ǺھĽʯܼҪռĳɡ
ϪϹѩֵܶ뵽´˵裬ؼķ⡣
ҵûϪȱ̬

ĿͶϹѩܶʱò㣬ϹŰ֮ɫϹȴ
ϹӾ䲻𣿡üͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ʯϹռɷݶϹպһ裬Щ˵
ϹգϹθڲСϪ¶һ˿ζЦ˵֪Ϲ˼˼
ȻҸ׵˼ҲͬҸ׵飡ϹտĶ˵ϪЦ˵
˼Ϲӣķƻˡ޷Ӧ
ȻѡϹ͵ںҲԼĵߣϹҪɷݶϪҲӦ
ܼոҲ˵ˣܼûʵʯԲѡǺҲ˵ֲ֮ˣֲӵĳɽʯú𣿡
Ϲûüͷ΢Ϲѩҡһȣʮ˵
ϹӣҪ֪һ£ʯܼΧܼҵ˽˲Ʋѵռĳɲ𣿶ܼҲδ˵Щջ𣬵˵
ȻʯܼΧֻ˵ܼãһЩС˵Ҳɱ֮Ϲ˵
Ϲգ⻰ʲô˼ȥˣŭʵ
ҵ˼ܼ򵥣ܼ̫ˣռĳɽʯֻɱ֮ƽ£ҾռһԣϹ¶ŵЦݣ˵
ϹС㣬Ҳ˼Ʋܼңݽȭͷյ֨֨죬˽ҧ촽ѡĬϹѩŭ˵
ܹӣȲҪǲͬ⣬ϵҸףǵ˼֣Ϲѩӭݷŭҧһº촽Ȱ˵
ô鷳ˣҾϹˣȻϹѩͻϹյȫŭ˵
ߣ˵ͲˣϹ΢̣˵Ϲɲ˭ˣģŭǣұ֤ܼҳԲ˶ߡ
ܼҲµģҪܼңǾɡݿһɫԵ
ܼҲôģϹղмƳһݣĿͶ
ܼش㣬ܼȡϹĺǿˣҪǾɡ
ʱһޱȵͻȻ
ؼʱ̣Ҷˡ


1273 ⲻҰĵط
Ҷӣ
ɫۣɰͦΣȻϢȴΣոоҶ磬Ϲѩɫ΢΢һ䣬
ϪҲҶֵһ˲䣬վĵϣȴ¶ֻЦݡ
Ҷ˽⣬֪ϹҪùˡ
˭˵ķݣ
ϹղʶҶ磬п̫ʦϣؿҶ
ܵܣɶҶ
Ϲѩ֪ҶĿº飬ȻǱʶУҶ绹ԶϹ֣ȷʵҶΪС
ԭ㣡ϹˣϹûнҶ˵˵ʥϣǲġ
ʥɱģ
ҶͫΣյ״¶һ˿ΣյЦݣ˵
ȻҲ֪ʹʲôֶΣɱʥʥȻϹ廹ɱϹûվ΢΢Դ
ھңҪϹ𣿡ҶЦЦ
Ϲ壬֮أϹտ˵
ס졭
Ϲѩɫһ䣬ֹϹٺȥ
ž
һİ
ҶͻȻһƣϹյգһƽ˳ȥ׷ɵڰлһĻߣݺݵײԶϡ
Ϲˤ˵ϣѪ˳˳΢ƵݼѪˮڵϣĿġ
ӣ
𱣻ϹհΣ˾ܣϹձҶɣʱŭˣֻµĹӰֳǵ壬ǾҪܻҶ磬Ϲմá
ˣ
δǶ˳֣һֱվһԵĽ˫ϵɽ緢һ㱬ʵޱȣµɱȫĺëֱ
ס֣ס֣
Ϲѩĵ鷢ˣȥæ˾ǰ˵
ģҴң
ϹձݵգŭҶ磬ʱ˿̣Ȼ޷ţҶĸҴ
ⲻҰĵطٷϻɱ㣡
ҶѪֹϹգһ˿˵
úã֣͵Ϲıɣұ֤ԣϹҧгݵв
Ҷ£Ϲ壡ҶЦһ
˵ţҶ̤ųصĲһɫ΢Ϲա
ҶӣһᣬһᾡȫΪܼȡݶģ
оҶϹնɱϹѩ嵲ð˵
ʲôȥˣҶϹѩµĮ˵
ҡ
ϹѩʵҲ˽ģҲܼòϹıȡ棬û뵽һϹֱ񻯣ЩϹǰ
Ϲѩ㲻Ҫϲ㣬޿֣ݵ츳һۣ֮ʱͲ䲻㣬䲻ֹϹѩҶĽѵ
ٸ𣬾ַҲۣ֮Ϲղм˵
Ϲգұ죡ϹѩĿ˵
㡭
ô鷳ɣ
˵ţҶֳ˻֮ͼ˫Ļ֮⣬͸Ϲյ۾У˲Իꡣ
һ̣Ҷ£ججϹտʼԼ죬Ḷ́ûжԼ飬ʹʮܿ죬ͱԼĿȫǣѪܿƵʳ

ԽԽصϹգ𱣻Σ˾ܳסˣ˽ܶǵвҪֹ
ܵٶȸ죬գ֮סǣնһâ
ʱռгһµĽâֱ˺Ƕ˵Ĺն˳ȥ˴Ѫ
ҶӣζϹյĴŹұ֤㣬ܼһ
ǿ̱նɣϹѩµ˽ܵʵˣòģҶɱϹա
ô鷳ˣҶҡҡͷĮ˵Ϲղǿҵɱ⡣
ܹӣȰȰҶӣҶܱҸ׳軵ˣ֪ߵغ񣬵ܼҳ£һἤŭҸף޷ܼҴ޾鷳
Ҷ粻ΪϹѩòݡ
磬˰ɣϹһɣ
ȻŭҲ鷢չݵľ棬˵
ðɣ
˵ţҶ̤˲ڲϹߣӿڽݺݵļϣӲѹ䣬ϥײ˼Ӳĵ档
꣡һ
ϹϥֱӲĵ棬ѪϥǴ˳˵ʹʧϹ˲ѣɱʹĺ
ϹѩҸӣ첻ɱ´ΣӶ
ҶһŽʹధϹߵϹѩ£ؾ
ллҶӣллܹӣ췢Ĳʵڲ˼ұ֤һܼһ
ϹѩϥǷ飬صϹշһЩǱ뿪ˡ


1274 ħ
Բ磬ָ鷳ˣ
ĿϹѩȥıӰ۾¶ɬȻǸ˵
ûϵϹѣ㲻ʲô鷳Ҷ΢΢һЦûнϹ
ҶܴϪҲоҶʵϹ޹Уȷʵǵѡ
̸ɡ
Ҷ翴ɫȹһõ壬ΣյϪ
֪ҶԸҵڶٷݶ
ϪҶߣĴؿĵʵ
Ҫܼ˼ˣ
ҶûȨ
ĺܼԸ͵ɷݶ
Ϲ˳̧˸ڵķݶ潫ܼҰһ
лܼǾôˣʱҵڻһλ̫ϳʯеΣա
Ϫ¶Цݣһֺļƻ
ʱ֣ɺʶϪڸͬ£뿪ܳǣȥȥˡ
ͬʱϹյĲ״Ϲ˾۷ϹȻŭŭ̫ܼ̫նϹҪҪܼҡ
ףһԣ뱩ŭеϹϹѩ̾Ϣһ¼ȷʵǶЩ𣬶ҶǳˣҲ̫淢ͻ
ѩˣȥϢɣϹüͷؿһϹѩ˵
ףҶһؾķǰдԣܼҳ˴ɱ״˫ȱնϣȴûбҶйϵ
ϹѩϵȰ˵ϹҶ緢ҵĳͻ
Ҳ˵ˣҾʹԲСĻӣҲšϹҡҡͷִ˵
Ǽ´ԲʥȷʵҶϣʵܿ¡Ϲѩ˵
ѩҿҲˣطϢɣ
ϹûϹѩִȥطϢȥˡ
׼ôϹѩ뿪ϹϣƤڣһϹ˵
ӶִɱҶ硣Ϲ۾˸ŵϹ壬Ѫı
⵹һð취赶ɱ˵ܽҿʵݡϹͷ͵
ϣһڼƷ꾧ȥħ̶ħ֣ɱҶ磬ºٸһڼƷ꾧Ϲ˼һ˵
Ϲеĳħ֮һΪ޶ϵʿˣЩˣ󲿷ֱץǵѪһɽĶ档
ħײУŭ壬ɸֻɱûĳħؾܣټɽﲻԣʮֿ£Ҳ޿κΣ׷ɱʧܣʤ
ôһˣȴϹ˽һڰΪϹɱ˲ˣҲͨϹõ˴Դ
ϲһ˼ɢŨŨ̶̶ħ̶ǳħ֮һ
ϹҶʲôͷûһڼƷ꾧Ӷһɱ
һϮɫۣƤŮ˻Ҫϸ֣ںڳɢ˫ĳħһѪɫ裬ɫ΢΢ЩŵϹ
ûмħˣ޷ŷɥĳħһӡ
ڳħ󣬰һϢɽһһŮˣţһĸͬãǲ˳ħħܣΪɽ֣ĥʹ
˵ΪŲ־飬Ƕһ룬Ҫ޷ʹࡣ
ҶЩأǶ෽飬δ˵ʵݣʵܿ£ʥϣһؾķ
ųħεӣϹｫõҶȫϢ
ʥˣħ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʥ֣ȻջˣҲʥֻˣ˵ûɽ棬ʵҲʥǿôһ֡
ţʥˣһսɱ˽ʿдԣ嶼ϳԹϹ˵ͷ˵
ûбħһ˿Ȥʵ
ûУûбǰ죬Ϲֵ棬Ϲյ˫ȣɱνʮţϹҡҡͷ˵峤˵ˣɱҶ磬³֮峤ٸһڼƷ꾧Ϊ͡
˼û뵽ұչزЩӣһô˼ˣħ¶һ˿ζЦݣ˵ȥϹҽˣҴͷȥϹͽ𡣡
ãǹҶϢϹȴĺϢ
˵꣬Ϲ￴һ۳ӣɽ棬ѾһһŮҡҡͷ˹ҶϢת뿪ˡ


1275 ħ
Ҷӣܼλҵ̫ϳؾܣʤ̫ϳϵĸָ
֮ϪһɫۣĿݣȫڻҳУƼۣȴо߻صܼҸ
ǰִ֣һⶼӭж⣡
֪ھȻ˶ؾ̫ϳдϲ˵
ҶɣĿͶҶ磬дۣ˵˵ʥϡ
ʥɱģҶ˵ͷ˵·˵һ΢С顣
ȻӢ۳ꡣҶƽף¶һ˿֮ɫûв´㲻˰ɡ
ţҶ˵ͷ
Ŀǣǵ˫б⣬Ҷʵ
Ϊܼң
ӭ˫Ҷ̹Ȼ˵
ܼиˣ
һϵ¶ζԶЦݡ
ܼеɢϪ飬ڶһ磬ʼھҶ緢ֵʯ󣬶ʯеΣգȫ
ҹɫŨī⣬û
ҹ˾ʱɫȹճߵϪһҶԺ
֪ҹкιɣ
ѩ׼¹˸⣬ŨҶ粻ɵóޣϪһ׹лԸ⣬»кܶԸݵʯȹ¡
Ҷӣҹ㣬Ϲ˶С㵱۰ĶӣҶ˽⣬ԻᱨġϪŪһ´ǰĳ촽΢Ż˵
ллѣҼȻشϹգͲϹ屨Ҷ¶ŵЦݣ˸ɽ֮ƣ·һжƿ֮С
Ҷĺ֪㵽ʲôˣһδԵˣ
ϪؿҶ˵˵̬һ̣¶š
òҸȤɡ
ҶӭϪĵ۾΢΢һЦζʵ
˵أϪϵЦݸŨˣ˵
ǽ»ʧҶЦ˵
ôҶӾôңϪʵ·Ԥϵһ㡣
⵹ǣҶҡҡͷкܶ˸ԸΪЧո˵ʱȴûпеֻ档
û뵽Ҷӹ۲˵ϸ塣ϪһЦݵҵȷʵ£ӵ˼Ϊ˹ӣǸԸϹ
ʵô鷳ʱ䲻̫ܼһʵѣ֪Ȥ𣿡Ҷ翴Ϫһʵ
֪ҶӵĳǣϪʵ
뿪ǰõʵһأҶŵ
⡭Ϫ۾һ˵Ҷӣ¹ش󣬲һģɷ̫ϳһ£
ԣҶ˵ͷ˵Ҳϣȵʱ̫á
Ϫ˸뿪ҶʼϪĲǣһӦġ
ҶһŹŵתɻʱʱͻȻ˽յ˫͸ڵҹա
һ̣Ҷ΢΢һ뿪˷䣬ڵҹС
ʱԤеΣգ̫ϳҲڵһʱ֣һīɫۣòӢ棬·ӵӶš
ħôˣ
Ӣޱȵĳħϵ¶һ˿֮ɫʵ
Ȼʵǿתؾ꣬ԳħȻ¶˼֮ɫȻħɽвܴ
ɱˣ
ħ¶һڽ׵˵
ɱ˭üͷһвǿҵĲ
ɱɱ֮˺֮ˣħŰԵ˵
ɱҵİɣ
һϮ£ϢҶ̤źҹ֣ɢǿɱĳħ˵
˼ȻһȤˣ
ֻ弶ս޻ʾҶ磬ħ¶ζЦݡ
Ҷ磬ħ֮һʵɲ⣬㲻Ķ֣ȥҶҲȽϿأԿѸٽħĿ¸
ȷҪ˻ˮħĿؿʵ
ħ뿪ҵڿԸĳͣʵڲħ֣ҧһ˵
ûȤħĮ˵ûܾɱ⡣
˵ţĳڳħ𣬳ħٻɱɽ棬գ׼ɱҶ硣


1276 
ǰħˣչ˺ܼˡ
һյɽȺҶû¶κεľ⡣
ȻɽﲻԣƻǿҶ忰ȼƷοӽϵõһƷʥս£ɽ档
Լ𣿡ĵ˵
İǰɱɱҶ΢΢̣¶԰Цݵ
Сӣ֣֪ˣҸô˵ħ۾бŨŨɱ⣬ɭȻ˵
˲ƽϣɱ㣬лϣҶ米˫֣Ե
Ӳס㣬ɽ˺ҧʱҿ㻹Ӳ𣿡
˵ţħһɽĥŷ絶ݣһƬƶĺƣҶ硣
Ҷ磬ɽ漫£ٷ
ǵصɽϮɫ΢䣬һŵȼս»ס壬ѵ
ʥ𣡡
Ҷûдʥ£ٻ˷ʥס壬ӳʱֵҹգռ¶Ҳһֱ
ڷʥڻ£ɽ滹δҶͻΪ˻ҽҶʥһŻǣ˺ɿճȺ㹥ɫ΢ĳħ
ʥ㾹Ȼշһʥ𣡡
ɽ˹⣬Ҳʥ𹥻̼ڻˣóħɣҶٻĻ棬ӦǿĻʥ
ʥҶ絽жٵƣ
ҲǰһĻˣԾҶֶΡ
ҶѨϵ֮ɫ΢ĳħһȭһȭؿڡ
䣡
ħͫһڵŷѸһöīɫӡŵ֮ƾ˵ĺҶȭâ
ʥ
ħһƵҶΣңʥ£ɳ壬ڰлһĻߣһīɫӡ
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糤ŷâһʥħ۾б̰֮ɫ
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Ҷħڰʱٴδ
ãԼСģ
һ۸𺳣ڷʥ֮еҶ磬˵ͷѸٻصܼҸٻ죬סܼҸҶħսɵƻֱֲ̫ӻܼҡ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪΪмܶԿң磬ֻ֮ʵҪģ
ħ֮ģϱʥ޷Ҷɽٻ壬۳ͼ֮ͼͷ֮ͼ׼ȫɱҶ磬֮
ͣ
ħгһŵȼĳǹһǹ̳ͼ˲й޾ĵ֮ƣڽǹ⣬µĹһǹۣҡҷ壬һǹҶؿڡ
ͼ֣
ħһǹʱҶٻͼɢŵͭڽʥУ̳һֽâӭȥ
ɫǹʥײһһɿµĶײбռܼˮƣ˷ɢȥƺˡ
ۣ
ӲħһǹҶоһɿµ֮͸ʥ壬ȫľһѪܿƵ˳
һǹҶ磬ħϲΪ֪һǹ˾ֵܶס弶ս޻ʾҶȴܵˡ
ҶԵ򣬸ǳ
ҵҪֵܵҼǹ
һֻ޴ĳӰֳħ壬Ӱںʱͦε巢䣬һԺɫĳֳ壬Ů˻Ҫϸļ˺ɫļ׿ǣֱ۴̣ޱȡ
֮ѪħѪȼգ
ڳħ仯ռ̬˲䣬Ҷȼ֮ѪħѪ屩ͬʱƤ渲һ̶ۣ˷
ȼѪҶʵֱﵽս޻ʼޣаѪħͼںһʱʵս޻ʼޣӵһǵʥʵ
оҶڽʵ˰Ѫ壬ħϵ֮ɫŨ
ɣ
ħͫһɫǹںһҶ緢
ǹ֮ͣ˼
ÿһǹ̳Σصһ̳ʮǹռ·һƬȵĴ󺣣رɫ޾·ҪҶûǹ֮˺顣
䣡
һ˸߹һ˵ǹâҶʩչϵͨ岻ϵر𾪵Ŀע£һѪηһֱǰǹ֮С
Ҷѵˣ
ɴ۾ŻѪ˺ųħҶ磬²Ҷ
塭̫ϳϣ˵򳬼壬ôռ䣿Ϫһ
ҶǲˣܻйϵһҲܻܳħ


1277 ɽĸ
䣡
һܿƵľ챬ըը졣
ҶͳħҵĶԹ޷ƻ
Ҷʩչ䣬˲䱬ĹȻ£Ժɱ˾ܣħʵֲ̫ʮҶʩչ䱻ơ
ȥɣ
ǿƵ˲䣬ħ͵һҶؿڴ̳һǹҪһǹؿڴ̴
ۣ
ؼʱ̣ѪҶٻƷʥۣ۵ķӲĺɫǹâ
ͣ
һڽ۱
Ҷ类ħһǹ̷˳ȥ۰˴󲿷ֹټҶﵽ׼ʥȼħһǹҶܵˣһѪû
ÿµķҶս£һʥ£
ĿҶӲħһǹܵ˵һĻ˳׷
ӵʥ£Ҷڲ֮أټҶշķʥɽ棬˵ħҪɱҶ磬Ѻѡ
㵽ʲôˣôô౦
̵Ҷ羪˵ķħɵ¶֮ɫʵ
һˣ֪ҵˣ
˵ţҶٻ˱޸ϹŲͼס˷Բռ䣬翴Լħֵ
ȻˣʵҪɱһ̫Զħһм˵
ƾһˣȷʵɱ㣬û˸㣬а𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦܣǬ򣬻ٻ
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޸ߺһ˲仯ǿս̬ڽܿͻڽֳƴͭŹףնһΡĸɽ˳ħ
䣡
ħ̳ǹâھͭŹײһڰб֮
ͭŹгڽӲħеĹŵɫǹѹ䣬µ͸״ĳǹ˳ħֱۣ˸ֱ۵ĺɫ׿ǣˡ
ͷۣ
Ǭڳħ֮ʣ󣬻ͷռֳ̬رȫ塣
ڳħȫǬˮĹʱ᲻ɴݵĽܱƽ͵ķֳֺʥ壬һ˳ȥƿķѪ
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Ҷûиһ˿ϢĻᣬưʮһǬ֮ںһһ£һֲĽѿռ䣬ն˳ħԴ
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ӲǬ󹥻ħٴαնɳȥʧصݺݵײ˽Ʊϣ˲ᡣ
ɽ棡
Ҷ˺ϮʱѪĳħٻɱﵣǬˣҪǬ˻ˡ
֮ŭ
ǵصɽȺϮʥϳʥףˮӿҶ壬ͷٵػ㼯һųŻʯɽȺУµıը˲ɱǧֻɽ棬óħ۲ѡ
֮ŭʱ˺Ʊըģ˳ħڽڰˡ
죬Ǽʶ£ĵƣ
ȫƣħĵƣٻһ̻ŴƵḶ́ԼһֻˮţСһԺɫ򣬷ݵɽĸ档
Ȼɽĸ滹δͻʥ޵ȼĹȴʥޣټɽںϣʵνʮֿ¡
ħٻ̣ҲɽΪƵ׼ʥͨںɽ̵Ĺ
Ϊ˻ɱҶ磬ıħϧɽ棬ƱؽҶɱ
ޣֻӽ㣬սپ
Ҷ翴һ۲ɽںϵɽĸ棬
ã
޵˵ͷ߸߾ͭŹףɽĸ棬ڰмս
ˣ
Ի͵Ĺɽĸѿ˲ݵͣ³˴ɽ棬˺ҧŻǿ׳壬Ѫ⡣
й⣡
ڻޱɽʱй⣬һҫ۵գϴ͸ɽ壬ɱǡ
ս̬
޷¾ɽʱɽĸ仯ս̬һòªĻŮӣֳֹ޼ҵɱ
ʱҶ磬ܣǬ״Χ˳ħ
̣𣡡
ħһͷͼû뵽УһĵӳҶˣӲҶ磬Ǭˣֵס˽ܵĹ
Ҷˣħ̣һֻĩյ棬Ҷ緢һҪķش
ͼ
ؼʱ̣Ҷ粻˷ٻ˾ͼƾͼ˿ռڶֱӽħɱ֮һھͼС


1278 ħĩ·ϣ
ʥʥ
ҶʥѾħԤϣû뵽Ҷ粻ӵʥӵж½޵ıʥֱѹ̡
ħʵڲӦң֪ն״˫ȣ嶼ûбҡҶĮ˵
˵֮ʣͼһھѪֿĴͼͷǿĵͼУ۾֮ѹ̡
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ҶĻħˣ֮ɫŨ
ʵ⵽׷ɱұҶӵ˼ɵҶ磬
ʱЩڣûе£ǰɱҶ磬УǺϹԼҲ޹ȴС
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ڳħ֮ʣǬٻ˽ͭţͭţϵر붯ŻҵĿռ䣬ײ˳ħ
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ͭţҷŴĿĽײħٻ˵ڶ׼ʥһֻһ㣬˸׹צץ˽ͭţס˽ͭţ͵Ĺ
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׼ʥڰмҶԳʱӸֳҶ壬Ҷ籬ڽֳ֮ʥӣһɳŤգȵĳˮϯɫ΢ĳħ
⵽ħΣңʵ͵֮ӵ£ֳֺɫǹ͵Ĺϵ˺ƽҶ硣
ͻȻҵղһ£ʥںһһ׹䷲£նħ
䣡
һն˳ħ߸߾Ĺŵǹϣмȼյ緢ĻɽݺݵغڳħϣӰն˵棬ݺݵϹŲͼƵĿռϡ

Ҷһͼ֣һٶ˲˫ƤѪֹĳħԣֳʥ
棬𣡡
ҶħѪָֻ״Сͨīɫ״ĳӣҶ硣
ֻҶӿĻһʱ׷ױըͷųīɫĶҶˣҪ
ʥ𣬷գ
⵽ŨĶʴʥٴӿҶ壬īɫĶٵؽڻ
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ץסҶնĻᣬƲĳħҶ緢һ׼ʥצٻץſռ䣬һצץҶؿڣҪץࡣ
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ڳħҶ뽣ܺѹʱɽĸ汻ֶͭŹ壬һʹĺݺݵײ˿ռϣѪѺ۵ʳ
צƽƣ
յľ棬ħˣһָоԼٲͻΧܿܽʵҶͽܹͬʱצϹŲͼƵĿռ䡣
צȫ£ϹŲͼ˴ѺۣϹŲͼʮצĹҪȫץ飬Ҫһʱ䡣
ħҪˣɣ
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໣
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Ҳʱ仯˱壬һΡĸɽݺݵѹѹɽĸϣӰѹ˼ӲĿռϣڽ籼Ϯĳˮӿ뵽УƻϾ
գڻľ͵Ĺ£ɽĸ屻ӲˣڵɽҲ˷ɻҡ
һɵ˶С
ɽ棬ƽ
ⷢɽĸ汻ɱħĵ뵽˵͹ȣϧ۵ٻɽ棬˺ҧŲѺ۵ĿռƣҪѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء
̫ϳϣ˵Ҷܻܳħ𣿡
ʱɫԽԽвϱѵѺۣϪΪҶ絣
һҶ类ɱԳħײУŹǡ
˵ҡҡͷɫص˵ħʵɲ⣬ɽּ£ҪѺѣҶֶμ࣬Ҿ޷ܳħħҲɱ
˵֮ʣѺ۵Ľƿռһ󶴡
һ̣˵һĻˡ
ѪΪǱĳħɳƣһѪ⣬ܳȥ


1279 ħĩ·£
ħˣȻˣ
ĿóħǱܵһĻ˵ɴ˫ۣԼһĻ
ǲţŷɥ֮һĳħȻɥ֮Ȯһˡ
ħӲģұɱ㣡
Ҷ罫ٻǬٻ׼ʥ𣬻һĿĽ⣬׷ɱ˼ܵĳħ
⣬Ҷδ̫뺷˰ɣ
Ҷƥϵ¶˾֮ɫ
޷Ҷ絽׶˺εֶΣش˳ħкεɱҪ֪嵱ɳٸ֣δܻɱħ
Ҷ磬ϷŹңҿԸô󲻵ĺô
ħʩչѪݵķٶȼ죬ȴ޷ӵнҶ磬ʱƣҶԽԽһƻǿϳʥײϵغ壬ƣò¸߹ͷ­˵
ô鷳ɱ㣬ϵһжҵˣ
Ҷ粻ΪȶŽħ֮ľ룬ͷϳʥƻ塣
Ҷ磬ѵ֪˭ӶɱɱңԶ֪˭
⵽ϳʥ׹ħƲϼأѣһ취ջҶ磬ԷŹԼ
ôùӶɱҵ˺Ѳ𣿡ҶЦһҸոϹգˣɺ𣿡
Ҷ磬ҪҲݣ㣬ƼңҺͬھ
Ҷ磬ħһŵĸоٸһѡĻᣬΪһڼƷ꾧ԸҶ硣
ħ̫ԼˣҶ粻ΪԵػӦɣҪԴ͸Ϲ壬Ҫ֪Ե³
ѣ
Ҷʮ׾룬ǵʥ걬γ˿µѣ֮ݺݵغĻ꺣УһԺгѣθС
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ҶħڰмսɵĶ̫£ŵԶһ޴ĳǳأĸַɳ˳ǳأ鿴
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ŻѪƱѹƵĳħϳݣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ħ֮⣬˸񣬳ħȴΣ˶Զսʿ
찡˵ʲôѵ׷ɱħˣ
˲ˣ
һλ͵ս޻ʣԶԶҶͽܣҡҡͷ˵
ˣʿһʲôʱֵȿµĸ֡
ǬǬһ
ڳħֳצ뽣Ӳһʧ֮ʣҶưʮһѼٻǬ֮ںһ𣬻ɾ޽ն䣬ƴﲻƵǬ޽ֱӽصĳħӰ˵棬ҳһӡ
ͨԽţ
ħ׹䵽˲䣬Ҷ̤һţڽӿ̤һӡ˽ҳһ󶴵ĳħȵÿѪͷ顣
֮ŭ
ԽŹҶֺ֮ŭصĳħ
¡¡
֮ŭڵزըʱ춯أ·ĩһ㣬ħȫ飬ѪģһϢ
֮ȼգ
һߣħϧ۵ȼǿ֮ѹƣȥ
ҶʩչѣԼ£ħͻΧֻƴȫҶƴ
Ҷ磬ϷŹңԸ⳼㣡
ħҲһţͻؾֻһ꣬дԪԻӻʾôȥòġ
ûȤ
ҶĮĻؾ뽣ܼ
Ҷ磬Ҷ˭
ħԶΧ۵ʿ
Ҷ˭ˣûв´ҶǰãնɱʥɱʿĴˡ
ԭ
Ҫˣ
ʿȻ򣬱Ҷµʵס
ħϷˣµɣ
˵ţҶ罫ٻ˳֮Ѫ߱ӿ˾Уƾ۳һɱߺأܾסĳħ
䣡
ھɱ֮£ħ˺۵ٵط飬ȻٻĵƣƴзκξǼƷʥ֮µԵֵġ
ڵɽҲھɱ£ҷ
ճħɱ飬߿ѪԴҶ£սǬС
֮һͷ۲ѵĳħɥҶС


1280 ˭
ħˣ
ʥֱһذϢ
꣬ɱĴ˳ħ⣬ɱǻɱʥҶ硣
һʱ䣬Ҷֳ򳹵򼸺˲֪Ĵ
ɱħ֮Ҳȡ˳ħΪ֮һϳ
ϹǣϹլͻȻһŭ
ʲôħˣȷħҶɱˣ
֪ħϢϹסˣǰŵߴʵ
峤ǲħҶ統ڻɱҶȡħΪ֮һսսӲͷƤ
Ҷ絽ʲôȻбɱħ
ֱ˿̣ϹȻ޷ţʵҪǿĳħҶɱˡ
֪Ҷһֱأû֪ݣܽɱʥԼħƿһǿ֮󣬿ˣϹüͷ˵
ϣ˵Ҷ֪ϹħԸ𣿡Ϲɫ˵
û뵽ᷢչ㾳أȫԤϺ
ҾӦòµˡ߳ħڱ֮ʣǣϹ̾Ϣһ峤ҾҪ粿Ҷı
ϣ˵ѩȥ˵Ϳɺã
ȻϹ廹ؾ̫ϳϣ뵽ҶħɱˣϹҶı
峤ѩ˵Ҷ磬Ҳֻǻ֮ƣǳԶ֮ϹϹ˼һ£˵
ܣϹ岻᳼κˣϹᶨ˵
峤ҵһƣҲԽҶ磡Ϲ˵
ʲô취Ϲüͷһƣæʵ
뾵辵ڵһԸϹ˵ҶҲܶԿֻҪԸԸɡ
⵹һ취Ϲ˵ͷ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ѩǱߣҪú˵˵ԾڵľûкøУϹ˵
ԭѩޣҲˣغϹδǾɲˣϹӹɵ˵ھȥϵ˺֮¡
ðȻǣ뾵һµǵĿģҾ˵ȽϺãڳ룬ҶϵıһϵıȤɱƽرϹ
ãô죡
˼ȥϹоΨһҶвİ취ϣԳϵ˺
ܿ죬˹ʶķʽˣԸҶ硣
֪ԼҪ޸ϢϹѩ类УһƬհס
Ϲѩ֪ʲôˣһƤĶǣĹϰˣЩĹûһ³ҪôֱŰҪôΪ֮͸˱ˡ
ҾҲ޸ǸϹѩҵϹܵ˵
õģȷϹѹӡϹѩʵϹȷĸݲøģ뾵Ļ£ʮպھڽС
Ϲ뾵ڣڶ󳬼ʥأ壬籩һ㴫Ȼ󲨡
֪Ϲѩ޸ϢͻƵս޻ʾϲõȻ޴棬Ҳһˡ
ôݣ㲻ģ
Ҷһ裬ɫɷף΢΢Щݣʵ
ţҲģ䲻ѩ
̫ϲϹѩˣʲôɫԼİŮ˼𿻣絶
򵥣ʮպҴȥڣ棬ΪϹѩףҶеĲ豭˵
Ҷӣҵ棬ϹͻȻ뾵ܿ㣬㹫ȻڣǾŹ㡣Ϫɫ΢΢һ䣬ѵ
ҲµǵͼҲ»ʧ͸һݴΪȡӦҸҶ΢΢һЦƽ˵
Ҷӣ֪˽Ϲ;ǿڶ󳬼ҵҲǲ˲٣̫ϳûؾܣ³ˣΣ
ϪҶĿµ˳
ֻҪû쾳ܣҾܺɨǣҶ۾оһ˭˵
ݣһ仰ҲҸȥڣϹѩף
Ҷ翴˫ȭգļƽݣʵ
ң
ݸмؿҶ磬ᶨ˵
ãʮպȥڣҵҪ˭ң


1281 ҳ
ڣ򳬼򱱲һ֮صԴͷļ紺羰续ɾһ
ΪϹڸһƬϲһЩͷʿ׷׸ףء
ϲӣóԸȡϹС㣬ҵĽѣ
ǰȢôƯˣ뾵ӻΪĽĶ󣡡
ɫгۣ緢ϹЦݣӭ͵ľ棬ַ׷ǰףء
лλ͹⣬룡
˷ϲ¾ˬ뵽ϾܵóԸֲʧϹѩѹƷζӣϲɫЦ˵һֵƵĺ
˵Ҷֹ𣿡
ڵϹﲻǰףصĸ֣ȴĪĲһ˿ѯУȲϹ
ҵܾܽ辵ڵֽɱ룬Ŀ΢΢Ϊ֪һˣͻزȥˣϹв豭۾˸⣬һܲµΪ
ӷܰǰףأ
ϹھúȲ죬ȴʱһͻȻ۾һ׷׷еĲ豭Ӧ
ϲϹСֶǰףأ
һϮɫۣ޳òʣӷ˹ص
ӷųһһˣת˾ɹǰ;пܳΪ峤ĵʱոӵңòŮӣ¶˼֮ɫƵƵﲨ
ӷһϮɫ޳ȹɫɢ˫磬ʸţɷųһ˵ܰӵעĿ
ȻϹѩĺòܰȣһĲࡣ
ߵƯв͸Ĺ⣬Լһ㣬·ӵħʺ촽ڳԵĿⶼ԰Ρ
Ȼ峤ûӷܰĵϹ˺й⣬ĺ񣬺˼䣬ӭϢ
֪˵µĴ֮˵𣿡
ϹϹһ񣬿ʵҪӷ̬̽̽ȡ
Ϲ˵ҶɣӷеĲ豭΢΢һЦ
ҶնʥħΪһˣ֪ôˣϹ˵ͷʵ
ϹϢеˣʥħϣҲϣӷ˵ɱ֮ˣǸɱ֮ˣɱҲɱˡ
ӷĻϹ˺ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǳԾؾܹҲҶеͬʱ̬ȡ
ӷĻУǸоЩҶɱ¾˼ǴҶĹϵ
֪֪Ҷ𣿡Ϲ˼һʵ
λģҶ޹ϸλо֣ݣҲӷı̬
ӷ̬ϹһµľҶйϵĵЩˣ;ڿԷĴ󵨵ĶԸҶˡ
Ϲ׹ʱѵλƼϲã
ʱһɫƳۣķϵŮҡҷԸе֫˽˵ǰͷܶϲϲС
ϲ棬óԸ˹飡
ӷ뾵ʶۣϲɫľ棬˹ȥص
лл׹̫ˣ
һһˣδ֮潫̬ŵĺܵͣЦݵĺѵ
崿ףӵһͷɫܰʱһ־޵ĸо
ˣӭˣһǺúúȼӷЦЦ˵ܰһͬ뿪ˡ
ˣ
ʱֵϲͷϼͿױˣ͸Ȼ֮ɫϹѩƯŮ£ϲС
ϹѩƯĺ촽ӣľһȣ޲·ݺݵӡ
ʱѵóס
һȵİ׷߻˳վھ˺ߣ
䣡
ͻȻһ죬ڽյĹűײˡ
һ̣Ҷ磬㣬ޣǬ򣬽ܣԼݳϲľС
ǵĳ֣һʯȻ󲨡


1282 
Ҷ硭
Ϲ˺˳˻ҵǰԺȻûмҶ磬ǿͦΣǿ⣬ӢҶʱȴͬ֡
óȻλҪ֣
Ҷ¶˵Цݣɫ࣬ɱϹ˺ˣȻ˵
Ҷ磬û뵽㵨ӲһﵷңϹ۾͸ŨŨɱɭȻ˵
˵ˣҲҵģϹ׵ģҶϹ۾еɱ˵ҵܵܶϹѩһģϹ׼Ϲѩ޸ҵܵܡ

Ҷ绰䣬һƬȻ
Ҷ磬̫
һֻŭʨҶǰ˺ѵļơ
ϼһ使õһϹѩͬƽҵ˫˵ɡ
Ȼ֮޸ݺ;֮ѡԥѡݡ
ϾĲÿ˶ɵģοݱվ֮һҶ磬Ҷþֻܼʱ⡣
ֻҶþںϹ²𰸡
˼Ҷһ˼ļһ󳬼Һ֪ʲôȺеӷ¶ζЦݣ
磬˵̻᲻壿ĸ˫ܰĿתؿŰԵƥҶ磬
⡭пܣӷһ˵ͷ
Ҷ磬ôĹ㲻ҪΪɱ˳ħɱʥ޵ˣǸҾڵңҶ޻أ
˺Ҳȫŭˣ
Ҷ˾٣ڴǵ£ľڸֳڻҵǰԺҶ˰Χм䣬ֻȾ˺һ£Χɱǡ
ҵƸ񣬻Ϲ£
ҶӾ˺˷ŭ񣬴ǬȡһεĽУָһɫϹ
Ϲһ̽ץĽʱͻȻˣ¶һ߿Ѫͷ­
ħǳħͷ­
űϹץеͷ­ϳͷ­֮һħͷ­׷ױɫ
Ϲ֪ƸɷϲϽܣóħɱҵһʹҶ翴ɫޱȵϹݺȳʱٸϹʮŵʮŹŵʮƷ
˻
Ҷ翪ſϷͷ˲ɵõһ
˵ûһģʮŵʮŹŵһǿ̥ǡ
޷Ӧ㣡
ȻϹҲĶˣڹϣֻܾܾҶ磬ΪӦϹ뾵ƱسΪУԸġ
ϹҶѡʧⲢӰҵľҶ·ԤϵϹľĿͶ˽ҧ촽ļƽϹѩϹѩ֪㲻ļ޸棬֪Ը޸ֻҪͷߡ
̫Ҷ磬̫
ҶĻһֻεİƣݺݵس˾ϣ裬ŭȫʧأ޲ýҶǧС
Ҿ̫ҺΣҶ翴˫Ѫ죬ɱľ棬䲻ȵ˵䲻Ϲѩ
СҾڲҰĵط
ʱһһˮɫۣͷѩףü۾ݽգһ׶о̤ճˡ
ˣǴսʧܣԪɺôš
ɵҲţڻ
ž֮һľ˳֣ǰףصĸ˽
ħȻ£˳ľȣһʵ࣬οڲǾһλؾܣҶ統󳬼졣
ؾܣͻȻֵľˣҶû¶һ˿ţ˵ҪϹѩ㵲סҡ

ɫһһ޵еϵɢѹҶˣ֮ǿΧһ׹ѵĸоͷһؿѹһɽ
ۿͷŵ޵ѹҶϣվҶԵǬͫһһͬµɢ緢Ļɽ뾵ͷŵײһγ˿µķ籩
һֻ̣һһѸĽâֱ·룬ն˾ˣһˡ
ؾܣ
ػҶΧǬͽܣϹ˺ɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ҷ磬˭㣬ɣ
˵ţͷֳһʵʵƻõĹ⾵׼Я׼ʥȫɱҶ硣


1283 ޵
ˣһһ۸һˣǲе˵ȥ
սһ֮ʣһɫۣɢ֮˳Ҷߡ
ҪҾںϹΪУ˳ؿŭ˵
ҵھҶӹˣ
ɫƳȹĹյ쳣ˣһһЦĻϪӭž˷ŭ񣬹Ȼı̬
ȻʮֵĴʮֵΣգʶҶĿ£Ϫ󣬻ǾðһģϪǱʶУоҶĿԲ
ҶҵںϹ壬벻̡
úúãϪܺãϷģڽҾԶĵˣڣϷĲΪˣ۾˸ů}˵Ĺâĵ
¼һˣ
˵ţҶһԦ޴ʱֻɽԦ޴з˳ȥҶߣ˴̶Ŀ
ɽ棬ǳħɽ棡
Ҷٻֻɽ棬ԶϷĸɫޱ䣬Ҷ粻һд߶ɽ湥ɽƻǿһ١
СӣݵҾڷ
ʱֳһʵɲؾܡ
ˮˣȫˣ
ֳͷȣͷܶϳǾ̫ϳ֮һˮˣʵ뾵˲¡
󣡡
Ϊ˿ɽ棬ɸ˺˾ڴƸգʱ׼ռ䣬ɿճ档
ǰһύʱæչ˺ݣʣµĽǼɣ
ȻҶĴȻһ˿ţ˵
Ҷӣˮʵɲ⣬óϻ֣һ쾳ܡĵ˵
İǰûлϻ
˵ţҶгһīӡ
ȺУǰףصӥˣҶʱɫ䣬鲻Խĺ
ӥ˸оʥв׼ֹľˮ֪ͬΣա
˵Ҹ˭µأ
Ҷ翴ɫصľˮˣ¶һ˿ζЦݣ˵
Ҷ磬㲻ҪţһŻ޷ı˵ġɫˮԿľɭȻ˵
һŲУǾţ
˵ţҶȡһʥУ徵ˮˡ
ģСʲôôȱ
ʥ̺Ļ֮˺ҲˣɣһҶʥ飬ԻǴ֣֮Լܱը
Ϲһ飬Ҵҵܵף㽫Ϲѩ޸ݣ֪Ը𣿡
ҶֳʥסˮˣĿͶɫϹʵ
İɣѾѩ޸棬
ҶĵƳϹ󣬵ʱ˿̣û·ֻӲͷƤ̬
ϹٴζѡʾʧҶҡҡͷ˵ϣ㲻Ҫڡ
Ҷ̫ˣ棬һɱΣŶ
һĿͶĿ˸ӷ˵
ҪԼˮӷüͷ΢΢һ£֪Լ޷ֻվ˵Ҷӣɷһԡ
ǡ
Ҷ翴Ӣӷʵ
ӷҵĸ峤ӷ˵
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵôҲҪֽ¡
ҶӲҪᣬûвֵ˼ֻǹƻ̫£Ϊ˱ɲҪ빫ӲҪ׶ǡ
ãҸӣӦ׶ʥ飬˲֪ôǾͱˣҶ˵
Ҷ磬뿪ôҾ֮£ҾڿԼ̣Ȼ޽ԪѾ࣬Ȼηա
οҶʥ飬һը޷ʧ
ҲԣϹѩߡҶԵ˵
ܣѩߵģϹҡҡͷһڷ
Ǿû̸ˣȻǾսɣҵҪ˭ң
˵ţҶսⶸȻһѳʵıһ㣬ޱȡ
໣
Ҳʱ仯˱壬ʥ֮ޱͷųġ
ɽĸԼ޵ʵһؾˡ
ʥޣʥ䣬Ҷ絽ʲôˣؾʥ޸档
ŻɢʥϹ֮ɫŨˡ
˵Ҷƿص͵̳ǵ֮С
ڴսһ֮ʣݿһɫ԰ףҧ촽ļƽϹѩͦ


1284 Լ
磬¼ȻҶ𣬲뾵һ˶ϰɣһ棬ҺҶ𣿡
¶һ˿֮ɫ𣿡
磬ң
ݽ˫ȭҶ磬ᶨ
ˣҶӭ۾
ˡصص˵ͷ
Ǻðɣݵ˼ʹҵ˼֪ܴ𣿡Ҷ翴˾棬ʵ
ԴҾڣݿԻܾ棬ϹѩǿԴߣ
ʥв̫þҲðգοҶ绹󳬼ڣ־罻ݺ;ѡ
οֻս޻ʾ磬弶ս޻ʸ֣޴ľþ˸оʤļʺܴ
Ϲ˼أ
ҶֽĿͶϹʵ
ȻǰˣǾô죡
ȻϹЩŭţھڽҶ磬Ҷʥ飬ҲòЭ
ԼȻΪ˶עϹѩ߲ѣݲսȴңǱʶиϣӮ
ȻǾһɣ˵ӮˣϣǲҪټȥҾ㾡УҲὫǵ¡
ģ£һмȥҶ絭˵
ȴݱ䳡ʼδģҶǿᣬȴ뵽֮ġ
ϹǶҶŨŨɱ⣬취νھڡ
ȻǾǾֻһܻȥǿɷˣ
˺뾵֮Ķ
ˣ
һ۱鸴ӣҧ촽Ϲѩᶨ˵
ҲûԳʵľ
ãȻѾⳡԲݣֱ˱ɱ˺
СϹѩҲȾָģһŤԴ
˺һƷȼ״սɭɭ˵
䲻ѩҾҲµ
˵ţһȻݽ֮˻У۾ȴʼ
ҶӣˣĻ뿪ϪߵҶߣ
ݲ䣡Ҷӹɵ˵
ս棬ʵҶõģոҲݵһϷ
䣡
Ϫüͷһ£ҶǷĲһսڴ
ʼ
ž˺һ£뾵˺֮Ķˡ
һ˾ʩչԷҪԳˮĹƣѹƶ֡
Ѫ壬ںϣ
Һ֮ȫںϣȼѪ֮壬ʵڽܿԽս޻ʼޣӵļս޻ʾʵ
弶ս޻ʾֺ֣ųƾڵһţʵǿȼѪ嶼Ķ֣ܿ챻ѹƹƣ
ؽƣĺƽ䣡
Ծֳսĳˮ㹥ƣݽؽ£ʩչҶĺƽ䣬֯һĽâиſռ䣬žĹơ
ȥɣ
Եʵֵסʩչĺƽ䣬Ծսںһն˶Ͼɽӵһ
һնӿӣµĵᵽŨŨв
أ
һһնݷͷ֮ϣµĵڵĳˮӿ˺ݵƣڽڰˡ
ÿ˺һдѪ
Ȼնһشݵ塣
ݵĲ״ϹѩͻȻеۣηԡѪӰӡϲҡ
Ҷ磬㻹̫дˣնɱСҵҪճΪСֻعӦòӲˣ
֮ԴӦĶҪ뽫ˮֽҶͨ챾£ҲǲҰճ
ȴ֪һжҶƿС
һشݣʤ׷ϵط͵Ĺƣѹݣһ˿һϢĻᡣ
ˣ
ڽڽڰ˵ײĽƱϣû·ʱ¶һ˿̵ЦݣѪ֮ŵ⣬ʩչڴеݷһҪһնɱ
ѣ
ؼʱ̣һֱѹŹʩչҶ紫ɱﵣл˲䱬شһ㣬˾꺣УķӦһ˿ٻ
Ȼ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͻָ糣ת˲ŵ˲䣬ȴ
ıĺƽ䣡
ݼ˽ģӲԼĹʩչƷĺƽ䣬ߴ˾档
ͣ
Ѫɽ汻һƿ̴
ţһĽ֮ƱĽи˾ԴֱӽԴ
أ
ɴ˫ۣ߿ѪԴڵϣֱȥһɲǣȻ޷ţݾնɱ


1285 ˺Ƥս
桭
ž촦ѪУ˺⵽׺䶥ѪֱӿţһƬհףžôˡ
㾹ɱ棬Ҫ
Ǿ˺۰Ķӣ񣬾Ƥӵ±ɱֱӽʧȥǣ޷Ƶŭ
ͣ
һˮкذĵâݹ£˾һնݣҪɱΪ汨
ۿݱâ룬һٶȼӰǰԼһ
üӲ
˺ؾܣŽӲһ𣬶Զս˵һ
νЩ궼𣿡Ҷɫؿűŭеľ˺ĺǳ
㡭
˺˫ݵؿҶ磬Ժ˼ת˼ҪҪ˺ƤҶ˵£Ϊ汨
Ҫ˺ƤĺЩ˼ɣϾҶһʵеڰæջɱҶ磬Ʊؽشۣڵɨء
ԥʱݵĽͻȻ򾵿˺֣̳һ
һٶ̫죬˵ĸоһ绮գ˷Ӧ
˺û뽣ܸھڶԼ֣Ӧһ˿ٻһУؿڴһؽۣѪ罦
ಣ
һ˾˺ܳʤ׷ֳֺʥٹһĽâֱ˾˺ȫڽڰˡ
ͻһĻҲˡ
ھˮ˻عҪ־ԮʱҶ̤ͻȻھ˺ߣĴͼֳ壬ֳʥ˾˺󱳣ƱҪС

ˮ˿Ҷͻ򾵿˺ɱ֣ʱŭˣһгʩչµɱйҶ硣
ϹŲͼ
ˮ˽ʱϹŲͼֳҶ壬ռ䣬ˮ¡˺ؾȫ˲ͼС
һ̣Ҷһʥ飬һɳĻ
ۿҶͽʥ鱬ĻУǼʱǬУþˮ˱ʥ鱬Ļɡ

ʥ̺Ļ֮쾳ܶشǾˮ£˺˿Եֵģʥ鱬Ļ£ٻķƲϷ飬Ƹǲϵؼأֲס
˺ھͽˣ
֮ʣˮ˵صľ˺;˺ǰԼΪȡĻᡣ
ˮ£ҷһ㱨𣡡
ˮ˲ϱʥ壬˵۾Ѫɫ絶
ʱ˿̣ݲԥˮȡһ˿ʱ䣬ȫѺ۵Ĳͼƣ˺һȱڣǱ˳ȥ
δǴǬͻ޳ȥֳָԵ׼ʥ׼ʥǶˣҪ֮ʣǻɱ
⣬˺;˵ôôأˮأҶأ
ΪϹŲͼ˿ռ䣬ʹΧ۵ֻ죬淢ʲôصľ˶˱޺Ǭѹסƣȫˡ
ˮֵˣһ㾵֪ƻص³
һ쾪װҶѺ۵ϹŲͼ뽣ܷ˳ȥɱȻ˵
ʲôˮˣ
һϢڳȫɵۣԼ¡
˵ˮ˵ȳħģˮ˻˾УǶҶֶθеĲ
ҶֶҾһʼûЭ뾵ԼӦֻһӣһڣûŹڣƯܰҶ°Ӱ֮ʡ
ǰҶܿ£ǱҪʶӷ˵ͷ
Ҷ磬ҲɱĲΪˣ
ˮ˵ȫŭ˾ˣ˱ŭϧ۵ȼԪѪȶסƣȫɱ
Ϲ峤Ҿѣ㿴˽ķϣǻɱ֮УֻҪɱСҾڽϹǲ
Ϊ˻ɱҶˣΪȥˮ˺;汨𣬾˺һϹ޷ܾ
ϹϹҲ֣ұ֤ϹΪڶڣ
ϹĴҪæʱҶԵľһˮеĻ档
ףҪһٴˣҶӲǵģִԲ򣬺ܻܿϹ֣֮
Ŀ˸ԥϹͷڣϼˣ̬ǧϹѩߵߣ˵
˰ˡϹ̾ϢһѩҶӮˣԼ䣬ԭ¡
һģ
ϹѩһۻѪ𺳵ݣ˵ͷ
ϹҪҾ֪һжǶ𣡡
أֵס޺Ǭ͹ڽڰ˵ľ˺Ϲ޶ԣŭ
˼ҲһٴˣϹ˳Ϲ̾ϢһǸ˵
úúãϹǴ޳ܵСˣ˺뵽֮УŭҾڶɹѹأҺϹ岻ݡ


1286 ƾ
ɱУ
˺ס޺Ǭ͹ͬʱһöˮ̬ƴС̣ƣڽľɱУɱ˼¡
һ̣ۣھ˺£ǵϯ£Ҷˡ
赣ƣ
⵽ɱ󹥻Ҷٻ˼Ʒʥ赣ȼ֮Ѫ߱ԴԴע뵽Уƾ۳һɱ˺ǧɱƣصغ˾ɱϡ
䣡һ찺ʯ쾪
⵽赹ľɱ󷢳˾죬һۿɼѺھɱӣɱӿƸǱɱͷŵ飬顣
⣬ôܣôı
ɱǾڴ󣬴̺꣬󣬶⵽赹ɱȴˣþ˺˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ԶսˣǱҶ羪˵ֶ
ڵһͬڡ˺
ĸҹԶ㣬˭Ҳֽɱ˭
ٻһǧ漫Ʒ죬ǧɱ󣬵סɱ󹥻Ҷһ֮ˮһ߿ٵػָɺԵĻһɱȻľ
Ҷ羯棬󲿷־ڵˣ˾ܣս޻ʸٻԵĵŵɱ˽ΧҶˡ
Ȼҳȫǣ
ٻָҶ磬۾ŨŨɱֽȼ֮ѪħѪںѪħͼʵޣֳʥӭȥ
ȥɣ
Ҷ缫ٿʮһڸһ׷׿ƸԵĵŵɱҪ֮Ҷش
𣡡
ǰһĵҶٻ׼ʥ޵Ŀռ伫ٴԵٶֱӴ˺ɱʮһŵڴʧɫľڸǰ
һֽն
һ̳رɫ
һ쵽һ·̴أӵɱһ֮һ˾һɱս޻ʸ֣һ˾ܡ
ѪѪš
磬Ҷ罻֣лĿ𣿡
۽缫ߵܰƯ۾бɫŤͷĿתӷʵ
ң
ӷȻųһһˣʶҶһ֮̾Ϣһ硣
ĺ֪ĸܰҶȤգŴ۾У²˵
һɱս޻ʣҶʤ׷֮ͼͼصͼеͼֳ壬ϵ𣬻ޱߵĵ
Ҷ̤ʮٶȱŷ޵еĵ˵˾ܡ
ҶϮͷ˾û㣬ʵޣŵ˲䣬ʩչյǿһһɱ֮⣬ߺɱҶ硣

ҶͫһޱߵĵڽʥУһһĽâûµʥնȥ
һ·նһУҪֱնŵϮľɱ֮⣬һ㲻˾롣
һնɱ˾ܣҶʵٴ
ҶԾԵʵɱʱܣޣǬ֣ҲѹԵƣѹ˾˺;˺Ĺƣϵؼơ
赺ѵľɱҶǧ漫Ʒ첼µǧɱ󹥻£ϵѣֻ֮⡣
ˡ
ǰľ棬겻ѡ
ֱʱ޷ţʵľڣȻҶ缸˺ˣǸΣա
ɱˣҶ粢ûмƣ˵ķڸֵĹһ߿ͭڽʥз񹥻һǬɱ¾
ܿ죬ʣս޻ʽɱֻʣѪ˾֧ܿš
ģһѵˣ
أֻʣм֮˾ԽսԽľԽսԽĲ˵Ҷսͷ߸ǵ֪
Ž裬ͨ£
˽ҧأʱҶ۵ĴͼٴλϵĵҶ̺֮ĹŽն˹ȥ
һ˺˷ĴɱС
ǬָǬһ
ţʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬻Ǭ޽ն䣬·˺ѿ񷣬һһȫ˾նɱ
ʱΧҶʮһڸֽʣˣҶʵ˵ս
ҶĹ£ʢһʱľɾ


1287 ʼ
¡¡
ھڴѼҶֺʱڽͻȻѿһ׵Ѻۡ
ĽڵصѺӳѺһ̫
ʼ棬ʼˣ
ԶӳĽ⣬ټ޾˺;˺ϲпϣ
Ҿڵң
һԵڵصѺһƽɵĹŹڵصѺзɳڰС
һ̣һɫףֳһɫǹһƽսƿ˻ƽŹףڹŹ˳
ܣ޷ڣʼҾڣΪҾֻع
ƽսȫʱصľ˺;˺ץסᣬɵ˻ƽսߣʹҶĶС
ʼ棬ʼ澹Ȼţ
˺Իƽսĳƺˣû뵽ڻȵƣǵĿɽʼ澹Ȼš
⣬ô£
ƽսĳ֣һϹɵۡ
Ϊڴȥ죬ŸúεȷƽϢҶϹĵˣת˲֮䣬ʼ֣Ťת˾棬˴ء
ԣƽս⣬ǻˣǱ˿壡
üͷӷضͻȻֵĻƽս񣬷ڽе˫նиû˶ɡ
ǻˣܰüͷһƣ뵽һֿܡ
ûв´ʼˣʱڲ֪˺εȷʽӡ꣬һֱڣΪ˾ɱﵡӷ˵ͷϤ˾ڵܡ
磬˵˭Ц󣡡ܰɫصҶ磬ʵ
û뵽ȵƣ¹˭ĺѽӷҡҡͷ˵Ҷ绹һɱؾܵĻ飬Ǿ㲻УҲƽȥ
ڲַַ
ʼ淢ײеƽսӳĹâΪΨһӳ۾Ĥ
ʼ棿ҿһ»Ұѣ
ݵԸ֪˾ʼʵҶӵԣ޾ľꡣ

ʼŭһ׹䷲̫ӳŽ⣬Ҷˡ
ޣǬˣ»ҰҺͽԸ
˵ţۣﵽµҶ磬ڽ뽣Ӱ˾ʼ档
䣡
죬Ҷʯײһ𣬱춯صıըˡ
ʼȻʣ꣬Ȼ£ټϻƽսӲޱȣӲһҶ类ƽս񱬷Ӳ˳ȥ
һ̣Ҷֳʥֳ˹Ĵͼˮһ㣬ӿʥУʥ֮뽣ƽս񷢶
ҶͽܵĹʼ̻ƽս޵еķܣһԻɽϺӴĹ䵽塣

ҶͽܵĹʼĳһƣһɳӿһգҶˡ
һ֮ؾܶشڽʱȴδ
Ҷķδֲ̫˰ɣӲҾʼĹ߷ôƳģ
˱ܵĿʱҶ̤ӿնһؾ䣬Яƻı֮˺ƺҲ񷣬ݺݵն˻ƽս塣
ȥշ·һ׵ıѣµĿռѺʮɣһʱرɫ졣
ʼն۾һҶ磬߸߾ƽ֣ץȥֱץҶնĽâ
Ҷ繥ƣֳֺʥһ˲˾ʼ棬Ҫǿлƻƽսķʼ֮ꡣ
ƽսķֲ̫ȼֳֺʥ޷ƿķɵ
˷ɱȭ
ʼ汩һʩչɱУһƥеȭâ֮ըӿҶͽܡ
᲻ɴݵ壬ֵס˾ʼʩչİ˷ɱȭҶȴֵסһɱȭ˳ȥ
ڲڶ󳬼̫ˣ⾵ʼʵ³ԽؾǾ߻ƽսķԴﵽʥȼ̫ϳϣܵУ
ǰΪҶʤȯգڿǾڸһЩⳡ־磬¾ڻЦ󡣡
žʼѹҶͽܵһĻΧ۵۷׷ףΧϹ˫ȭգļƽ
ʱЩԼäĿѡ񣬸⣬һʼնɱҶˣпܶ
ܣɱ»ҰңҶøɾʳѪ
ҶڳһƬž˵ˢˢҶ磬֪ʱʲôֶο


1288 ֮֮
찡ҶǲǷˣո֣ǾʼĶ֣ҶսҪ𣿡
Ǹ̵ģҶҵʼ棬϶̣
ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףս߰Ҷ磬˵עȫϡ
磬˵ҶʲôأܰĿضҶ磬һڴʵ
Ҳ²
ʼʵ̫£ƵĻƽսּ᲻ɴݣӷԴҲ벻Ҷ绹кεֶζԿ
СȻҳȫ㣡
ƽսն۾бŨŨɱһ˲ԽʮɣҶǰ˽ӲӵȭâɱҶ磬Ҫһȭ塣

ʼһȭҶ̤ܣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʮٶȣžʼĻƽȭâ塣
ţҶں֮žʼһȭӲӵĻƽսϡ
ƽս޵еķʼסҶһȭ֮ȭâг֮ȴ͸ƽս£塣
ʲô
⵽֮鹥ʼе˾޴ʹʹŭ
֮Լһ㣬ӵ˺Ҷں֮飬ϵغһǼƴȭâŻƽս壬͸ƽս£ϵ˾ʼ꣬ˡ
⣬⵽ôˣ
ܣʹ೤Хľʼ棬ڳȫɵۡ
ոջһ޵صľʼ棬ת˲֮ȴҶѹŴ򣬺޻֮ǰһĻȫ߸˵
Ҷ絽׶˺εΪ˲Ťת˾棡
ܰɴƯĴ۾ضŲ飬ȤҶ磬
ȣҲ̫Զˣ
츳ˣųһһ˵ӷһˣĿҶյı֣׵ˣҶչ¶ʵֶΣĪ
˷ɱȭ
⵽Ҷں֮鹥Ʋϼصľʼ淢˾ط˲ʮǾɱ֮ȭŴգɱҶ硣
޿ɱܣʥϳʥ籡Ҷ壬һİ˷ɱȭ˷ɱȭͬʱۣͿ׼ʥȼӲʼ淢ĴɱС
䣡
˾װı
Ҷ类һǼǾɱ֮ȭ˳ȥڰ˴Ѫ
ҶҶӲ°ɣ
Ҷ类ʼɣϪĵ¶ŨŨĵǣŵʵ
Ӧû£
Ȼû뾵ʼ潻֣ȴоʼ湥Ŀ£ӲʼĹҲ⵽ش
ಣ
ϪΪҶһѺԵʱҶٻ𣬾ҵһȣ޾Ŀ˹ں֮ƱҪڻƽսеľʼɱ
ҵҪֵܵҼȭ
ʼû뵽Ҷ˵ľˣӲ˷ɱȭܵˣʩչ˷ɱȭɱҶ硣
ڤ
ʼȫʱԼݻɴĵ֮ƣڤƽսеľʼꡣ
⵽ڤʼ湥ܵӰ죬ץסᣬҶ罫ٶȷӵ£һҷ֮βȭâƽս͸᲻ɴݵ壬žʼ档
ԽԽأʹľʼͻȻȼǿ꣬ʵޣȫƱҪҶɱ
Ҷǿķ֮飬뾵ʼ漤ɱʱ뽣֣ϵشˣϾ
϶ȥɣ
ڽһ֮ʣޱڽ߸߾ͭŹף̩ɽѹһֱӽأľ˴Ӱ˵棬ȫұֱұˡ
̫桭
ž˴Ӱ׹棬ڵӷ˱֮ʱڸǴԽȫ飬ֻʣ¿־
ˣ
ҵղһ£ʥںһ𣬻һҵ񽣣նزľˣһ壬ն°
µɣ
ͭŹףھԱǰԴ˽
˱޺ͽܺɱһĻȫǬ򹥻ľ˺뵽ֻС
ʱֻܽеϣھʼϣǵʱеϣˡ
Ϊ̾ʼ汻Ҷ֮һȭӰкʮɣײԶһΡߴɽϣɽײ顣
ôʵô˵Ŀ£
˺飬սķչԶԶҶչ¶ʵ͵ƣ
㣬ϵʲô
ʼԻƽսķţһʥҲѺ䴩ƽսķҶȭâеȴ״͸˻ƽսֱ꣬ɣҶһ׵ı
ķϻ̫ˣ
ҶػӦڰлһ⣬˾ʼ档
Ҷ糱ˮĹƹ£ƽսһδδɣײžһΡĸɽ
ڻƽսеľʼ棬Ǳ֮Ż壬֧Ųס
Сӣµɣ
飬ֵסҶ͵Ĺƣľʼ淢һ֮ͻȻɳ˻ƽս񣬻һ⣬ҶԺ
֮䣬Ҫ˺Ҷ꣬ɱ


1289 
̫ˣҵȵľһ̡
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣԸԺУذĿռڶֱӽʼˡ
Ǭգ
ɱʼ꣬޵еĻƽսΪ֮ҶսǬУ׼պ
ţҪˣ
˾ʼ꣬Ҷķ֣ԿʼѴϸԣ¶֮ϲ
ٷѳһԣܽԣһܣҲԣֱӿƻƽս
ɱʼ棡
оʼϢʧҶ罫ڵһƽսߣ˺ȫ뵽ֻС
Զսĸ֣ͬҶֶŴ˾η
ȣȵȣҪˣ
̱˺۵ľ˺ˣæ
㻹ʲôԣ
Ҷһȶһƣ̤ջ˹ɫ԰ף۽ǼĿֻŵľ˺ʵ
ңҾ䣬Ը⳼㣬һǰ˺棬ĵ
ҿ㾵һұգ
Ҷ˵̫ãܸܼôһ
㡭ҪϾɱ
˺ɫһ䣬Ѫɫ۾Ҷ磬
ɣ
˵ţҶ磬ޣܣǬͬʱ֣
Ҷ磬㲻úҾҲŹģ
˺һŭҪԱȫĵһ
Ҷ˵Ĺ̫£ԱͱҶ˺飬걻ɱʬ޴档
ӮˣӮˣ
ĿҶնɱ˺һĻϹһͷð˴ĺ飬Ǻ¡
ʱʮңԼϹѩĻոִԲִﾵڶԸҶ磬ţҶֶΣԼ;˺һ³
ʱͻȻ֣Ҷŵһ¡
Ϲ㻹ʲô˵
ѪԡѪһҶ绺ߵϹǰʵ
Ҷӣͬ⽫ѩ޸ݣ
ȻҶ翴ֻ弶ս޻ʾ磬ϹؾܣϹ峤ĿøոյһĻϹˣҶʱе˾޴ѹԼ֡
ҶӣѵͲҵĸ𣿡Ϳױ˵ϹѩֱֱؿҶ磬ϲ˵һˣǵĳ롣
ϹѩƯҶüͷšһ𣬲֪λش
ϹҶĬı飬һĸɤۣҶھڴɱ䣬ɱԼ˼ɡ
ϹС㣬Ȼϲ㣬ǿ޸ңһ˹˵Ȼ㲻ϲңףҵҸ
˵꣬ݿųĬҶ磬߰ɡ
ȵȣ
ĻϹѩһݲʧͦεͻȻں
ϹС㣬֪㻹ʲô£
ĵıˣתʵ
ܹӣȷʵԹԣԹԲǳΪһսĺܸж֪ҽĸжתɸ𣿡ϹѩȻһЦ˵
ܣ
ҵ۾иɣȫϸһ̻Ծԥ˵
Ϲѩ
Ҷб⣬÷һϹѩ¶˵Цݵһˣܺá
ллҶӿ佱Ҷȣһ̫ԶϹѩ˵
㲻κ˲гһգܺߵһһ죬Яۣ֮Ҷҡҡͷڴ˵
ҶӣһսӰ̫ˡһȥ֮Ҫʵ棡
䶨ӷܰ˹ӷһϢ˵ܰƯĴ۾ȴһֱٴҶ磬뽫
׹ӷģлһȥһ壬һҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ö˾ʥ׳ǹҶӴݣ
˵꣬ӷöֻ£뿪˳ŨŨѪζľС
ӷ뿪ǰףصĸҲ׷ȥв׳ǰѣҶǵ⡣
ΪͦҶϪˣȴһֱ¶Цݣ֪ԼĶˣҶӰܸڴ󲻵ĺôͻر
ǰζлǰҶ˳ζϪߵҴӦǣõڶʱһʵǶֵʱˡ
ҶӣǡϪĵ۾˵â
ڲر͸ˣ
Ҷ˾˺˵ûҪڲر⣬軨׷͸˵ڡ
ģ̫ллҶӣ
Ϫһ۸ŭԵľڸ֣һЦ͸·ҪҶͷڻ


1290 ڶ
ҶƾڵϢ쫷һ㣬뵽С
ҶֶΣǱȾԽ档
˵ҶϹŴת֮ӵз֮ܣҲ˵Ҷһֻ˲֪µޣһؾܣ嶼˼֡
ҶԽԽ죬ԽԽʱȴΪڱ֮£뵽޴С
峤Ҷ̫ˣȻƻ֣ھڴɱ䣬ûн˱ɫۣϸͷѩ׵׳ŭ˵
׳֮ʹҶ磬Ϊһֱͼı峤֮λһöҪİ塣
öҪİ屻Ҷ٣ƿصһҪҶ磬йͷֻޡ
ϣҶ粻һˣƿصܿ£óȻĶԸǵѡ񣡡ۼʶҶĿ£ӷԸҶ淢ͻ
ôһδɵС׳ЦһôȫȻûнҶ
ϣҲû˵Ҷ磬ֻǾãͻ˵ֻлûкô׳еĻӷ˵óȻɱҶ磬пܼŭʱܸܿɲҪ鷳
˼ͷΪ޷죡׳˵
Ҷ˵ˣһӷ˵
ߣĻҲţ׳һǲе̫ˡ
ܴŲţţһģӷ䲻ȵ˵
ˣҪ˵ˣ
ԵĶˣһֱĬ峤ͨ˵ˣʥ׳ǵʱ䣬ȥһܳǼ
ãʱ峤ȥ
׳ЦһжҶ̡
̸Ҷ磬̸ƾڣɱʼ棬ˮ¡˺¼ʱصܳǵҶ磬صչء
ƣ
Եֱ˾ˮµǬָУƿǿĽƣ鿴ǵ
⾵ڲڶ̹Ȼ
Ҷ緢֣ˮµ˵УдļƷ꾧ݣԼ̲ʯ
Ҷ۽缫ߣ׼ʥ⾳촸Լڵһƽս⣬벻۾
ǧŴСһ̲ʯȴĸȤǿ͸һſ̲ʯУ鿴Щ̲ʯ̲صıء
̲֮ʯ̺ǿ֮
ݵԣ̽ʮ̲ʯʱһ鼦С̲ʯУоֵ֮
ʥƣ
ҶٻʥϵعżӲޱ̲ʯ˾ţ֮ƿ̲ʯӲޱȵʯǣַһޱȵٹ
ֻٹûȫ죬̺֮ԶҶǰڵõǿš
ƣٹԼʵ൱ֻǧԪ
ⲢӰٹļֵٹ磬Ի˸Ըʥжһ
гһٹҶԼ֪һſ̲ʯܿ죬һ̲ʯзı
̲ʯô
źģҶֳʥȫǿƿʯ̣̲ʯ֮Уһͨɫһ㣬ӿݵĹʵ
һ
ɫʵŹʵϢŹʵһ̺Ӧڶ½
ӵҶȫĽڶؾ磬һǿʵ
е̲ʯ̫ˣ治֪Щʯͷɵģ澹̲ôѾı
սһԵУҶԸ֪һſ̲ʯ
ܿ죬ʱȥˣҶ֪֮һǧ̲ʯһõʮֵּƵ
ЩӡУҶȶԻƽսѪ֪һƷʥȼķ쾳ˮ׼
ƽսսҶó̵ֱ˶Уתת䣬ǿн̺λڽŵ׵ӿȪѨУɱӿȪѨе顣
ǰ˲ٴӿȪѨеѾʼɱ䣬̺ɱٶȸ졣
ʮʱӿȪѨеյɱ䣬ɱ顣
ڶؾ磬ҶûԵǿȴǧپħѪﵽǧһȭش˾ܡ
Ҷͻؾûãȫ˾ʼ꣬һȫµɻԡ
ͻȻеĴѶڵҪ£Ҷȡϵ
ڵУҶûԼƾڣնɱ˺˵¡
Ҷϣ֪£ڵûйҶ磬һҪ¡
ǰΪҰ
ڵѶҶҡҡͷ¶һ˿ɬЦݣó˴Ѷ飬ϵϪȥһ˾ںϹ壬ԼȡһЩҪĶ


1291 ר򲻳۵
ҶӣҪĶҶˡ
ɫȹķֵϪҶԺһöǬָݸ
ˣ
ҶͷŻ͸ǬָУżʯԼö򣬵ͷ͸Щʯʱ¶Цݡ
ҶӣҪԸ壡
뵽ǬָеĶϪ΢΢Щǵʵ
岻ͬھڣԵİڸ쾳򣬾ҲԸ巢ͻ
ģҲģҶ΢΢һЦ
պһݻʻܳǣ֮Դĳǳʥ׳ʻȥ
ֽܳΪƫԶ۵ٶȣٷҹŷɵʥ׳ǹϽΧ
ʱɫϦбҶۣͽ˾ʥ׳ǲԶһ羰续޽Ͽеĳ׼סһڶһʥ׳ǡ
磬ϿƯ
߽޽Ͽ£ɫСˮ˼ҵĳʱϲƯĴ۾״
ιһᣬҶһ޽ڻ԰УϪˮʮľĿջ׼Ϣ
˼λǿջӰˣλס꣬ȥ𴦿ɣ
ʱһȣŨױĨɢŨŨٸӿջ˳Ǹ˵
߰㣡
Ҷ粻֮ˣûǿ󣬴Ҫ뿪
ȵȡ
ͻȻһͳһͷڣ̤ѥɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ӣ§һĽСɴȹ˫֮СŮӴľʽ
黨ȹСǶһ˫ˮ۾۵ƣ·һˮ㣬۾ʱˡ
£
Ҷ翴ϹЦݣĿĻӣüͷ΢΢һ塣
¶׿ʥ׳Ƕ֪ɷʶһ£ӷſ§ڻеĽŮӣ˹԰˵
ԣҡҡͷֱӾܾ
ȻǺˬ֮ˣ׿Цһо仰ô˵ԵҾһʣһܳΪѡ
вɣ˭Եһۣ˵
ڻһ׷Բԣս޻ʾ߱һСѾͷЩǲģòҪԼ鷳
ͥϣ֪߲Ҫŵ˼ң۽Ǽһ£ƴȵ˵
ǲң
۾һ֮ɫŻӣͻȻ˵
š
һû뵽˵ֱӣվһԵĽŮӣȴ¶ŭ֮ɫ˵⡣
ҳϾˣƲƲ˵С
ҳ϶һ飬ϲ㣡¶Ϊ˧ЦݣæҾôƯĿ˶ֻ¿ϡ
⻹񻰣㷢һЦݣĲӵӲ

ͯδ㣬Ҷҡҡͷ˽⣬֪Ҫˡ
ñúÿ㣡㹴˹ָĵ˵
۾չʱͻȻཱུС֣ݺݵس˻ӵϣɫǡ
ү
űһƳɣײľĻӣ׷ɫһ䣬ߣݣѪĻӷ
ŮӸǱǰһĻŴˣ˻С
ģӣҴң³մѪĶѪɫ۾ŭ㣬ŭͥϣץסҪŪ
ƾ
ؿɱİ׷ߣ̤ԳӰƾջûٶȲӰһȭؿڡ
ܵһȭ׷ɫ䣬˫صǰ֮ͼ㼯˫УӲһȭ
䣡
һȭ׷۵֮ͼѣڽڵĳˮ۶˫ۣһȭ˳ȥײʮһɵǽϣڵϣʧȥս

û뵽˵ı뺷ս޻ʾİ׷߾ֵסһȭ鲻ԽĹһ¡
ջǰľ޴죬ٶֳ֣δǳֹҶǰСһ㣬һӳ˿ջ
㣬㲻ҪҿǶңұ֤֮أ
ӿŻ㺦ˣòԼݱʩѹ
ߣʲôû
˵ţӶԼСȭͷŹӣܿ콫ᷭڵϣ޵
ҴˣҰɣҲˣ
ӣ˫ֱͷĻӲϵĵ
㣬߰ɣ
Ҷ翴һ۱ףʹధĻӣ˵
ߣһһһŽ߷˳ȥһ˫˫ηĿע£Ҷ뿪ˡ


1292 ׶ϳ
߰ɣ֮ء
ҶϪУʥ׳ǵ˽⣬֪ʥ׳ǳ⣬Ĵ塣
ʥ׳Ĵ֮һʵλĴڶλؾԼҡ
ȻǸո붫巢˳ͻҶ粢δ뿪˻ҵĿջŵĵط
ţ¥
ţҶ緢ǰһƲۣǿµı¥ڱ¥УҶǿ̲ʯϢ
뵽̲ʯ棬Ҷǣ۵С֣߽˱¥УһľɵľУʮŴСһ̲ʯ
һɫȹΣȹڸոڴȸԲβ¶ڿеѩؿϣһ˶ĺ챦ʯͿױŮѡ̲ʯ
Ҷ翴ʱͫײԾһ£УеŨŨΣոо
ɨһۼΣյŮӣҶ罫ĿͶٿ̲ʯԸӦһſ̲ʯеıء
ϰ壬̲ʯô
ݸӦ£ҶһȭͷСӿݣǵ̲ʯʵ
һǧƷ꾧
ͷף˾о߻˵
ã̲ʯˡҶûκεԥóһװһǧƷ꾧Ǭָݸߣֱ̲ʯתҪ뿪
ȵȣŮ̧ͷһҶ磬ͻȻס
𣿡Ҷɫ䣬ʵ
ոµǿ̲ʯҺϲҳһǧһƷ꾧㽫øңŮӿҶӣĿ˵
˼ҶҡҡͷֱӾܾ
˵꣬Ҷûκˮ뿪ˡ
ĿҶȥıӰŮӵ䣬һĨɱһš
磬̲ʯʲô֮𣿡
߳գƯĴ۾һʵ
Ҹо̲ʯ̺֮Ҷ紫˵
½ϡٵľ֮ȴ̲ܽʯгʹ̲ʯȤ
֮׬ˣƯĴ۾⡣
ȷʵ׬ˣҶ˵ͷ
뿪˱ҶҵһľĿջϢ
סºҶڷв˸ƣֳʥǿƿ̲ʯӲʯǣ̲ʯзѪɫΡ
ҺÿοǧԪ
ҶԸӦһᣬȷҺÿοǧԪÿεļֵʥ
ҵĸоû̲ʯ̲źö
ͻȻһ𣬷еĸһȱڣĻĶ˵ŮӹĳҶ緿С
㻹ˡ
Ҷ罫ҺսǬ¶ѩ׼ֵŮӣƽ˵
ôϵһ
ŮѪһ촽΢΢̣¶һĨЦݵ
ȻأȻ޷ϵɱ֤һɱ֮ˣˣһԼĿĲݵġҶĿƽؿķ
𣿡ŮͻȻųʻҪֵЦݵʵҲЦ
أҶ΢΢һЦɫݵ
˼˼Ůζ˵ŪҶɱˡ
ɱңҶҡҡͷгӹɵ˼
Һԡ
Ůӳ۾͸ŨŨɱһɼ綾һ㣬Ҷ硣
磬ʲôˣ
սһ֮ʣ쳣㴳˽ɱŮʱСбµ
磡硭
ҶĳƺֲʧӣҲ̬ŮԺͻȻֳֿ֮ˡ
Ҷ磡ŮҶ磬µݡ
ң
Ҷ˵ͷ
û뵽ǻַʽ棡
ȷҶݣŮӳüͷ΢΢һ壬ϲ޾⡣
ǡ
İŮӣҶʵ
ϳŮԱš
׶ϳ
Ҷ΢΢һû뵽֮һĶϳȻһŮģһֵٸ
ˣһӣ̲ʯгıˣһ̲ʯ׶ϳһЦ
ãɽҶ˵ͷһ磬Ұѡ
Ҷ磬ҹ֪įҪҪ㣡ϳϸָŪһ´µĳ̬ʮ˵
ˣҲ˯бɱ
Ȼϳ֣Ҷ֪һ˲¹ͷŮߣҡҡͷܾ
ĲǿǣǺģϳ¶˵Цݣ
ȥ
Ҷ绹δ˵ܲˣƯĴ۾˵
ԭϲֿζĹϳһལƯɰЦ˵
˵꣬ϳһ壬Сͨ㣬һĵЦݣת뿪ˡ


1293 ϳ֮
峿︴գصմء
ȵҶո߳ջۣ£ζĶϳڿջȴ
ܰѡһżֵ̲ʯҾͳһ飬պһ𣡡
ϳŪһ´ڸϵĳ˹롣
ôңŶϳĵҶʵ
Ųῴ˵ģϳЦ˵
߰ɣȥǱ󿴿̲ʯǾͷֵ𣡡
Ҷɫƽ˵ȥ
ǰ;УҶ緢ڰи棬⣬˱ٿ״̲ʯУΪϳѡһżС⻬ɫ̲ʯ
ϳҶΣ֧һǧƷ꾧̲ʯ
뿪ʱֱʮʵףɷӶס
ǳģ
ϳŤͷһɫƽҶ磬촽΢̣ЦЦʵ
ӦǰɣҶЦЦɫƽ˵
ҪҪҰϳʵ
ˣС鷳ԼԽ
ȻɱڵʮУ˾ܣؾ磬Ҷ絥ƾѹ˾ܣοнԼϱĻƽս
㲻Ұ㣬ƫҪ㣡ϳ̬ʮ˵һһЦǡ
Ҷ壬ǻ𣿡
һΰ۽ǴһԵİ̺ۣ˾ܣŭվڱҶ㣬ɭȻ˵
ܣΪʲôҪܣҶĮؿŶ֣˵
һȺϣϻ
˵ţһǿϢڶϳɢϢ֮ǿȾ̫ϳϾˣҶɱĳħҪǿһЩ
Ҷ֮ĳԹﲻҪ֣
ܵϳɢϢһϢĸоһæ˵
ʲô
ϳ˵ֳһ׼ʥȼԲ䵶Ũҵɱ⣬ʮ֡
ͣ
ʱѪĽҽ죬ڶϳֳԲ䵶£ʮֵķ߱Ӳ˺ѣϳֳ񣬲ϵոֵ
ϳɱˣȫԲ䵶иΣһأ˲
㣬Ǵ׶ϳ
ոն˾ܾ͸оϳЩ죬ûж룬ɼʶϳ־ԵԲ䵶ͺֶΣڲµǰŮħͷˣʱɵˡ
֪˭
ϳ˵մѪԭתһȦʱѳʮޱȵĵâһУ˾ܵĶ֡
գ֮䣬ǰɱҶʮֻ֣ʣѪ˺۵˾ܣȫʬѪУĲˡ
ϣϳǰð㣬㿴Ҷϣһ
ĸգ֮ʬȫɵ˾ܣԴ׶ϳ޷Ӳסġ
ǲǣ
ϳ˵͵Բ䵶ķǣ˺ѿӲĿռڣص˾ܡ
ÿµĹ
ϳԲ䵶˲䣬Ҷ۾͸˵ɫһָоԼԶϳʵͷµסһ
䣡
Բ䵶ֱƿǶ˵ķǵ壬ֱ˾ܱѪڻҵɢ
Ҷɱʮ֣ϳʩչһħռڶһ㣬ɿռƮѪ塣
һ̣ϳ󣬳֣֮ĹȦѪ룬Ȧ̺ԽԽǿ
ϳ򵥣ʵħԶԶ¾Ǿˮ¶в
ϳһưɲ޹ħҶʵµʶ
ҶӾڵõƷʥȼĻƽսټϼ᲻ɴݵĽܣϳв
㣬߰ɣ
Ҷϳ޽飬Զϳ˼ɣڶϳѪʱ뿪Ͽ
Ҷ磬ǻټģ
оҶȥѪ֣ɵĶϳ۾һҶȥıӰһֱ۾Χһ˫˫־񣬼ħ
ʥ׳ǣլС
ʲôǰȥϿȫˣ
֪ɱҶ硢ĸȫû˾Ķ۾һɣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ʲôɫصʵ
һնɱ˾ڵʮ֣Ǻݽɫ
ϡĳǲɱģǴ׶ϳɱġ
׶ϳѵϳйϵ۾͸ع˼֮ɫ
Ȼʵλʥ׳ĴڶλϳԻԵѡ
ˣ֪ˣȥɣһס˷һϢҪ֪Ͽ飬Уһʱ䣬ӣ뿪ʥ׳ǡ
Ǽߴ
߸ûã۷˻ϢϳѾ뿪˶үˣʥ׳⣬ǵ˲²⣬ǺͶϳܲϤ𣬶ϳɱҲֻɺϡ
ɺϣ۽Ǽһµǲɺϣ˸ʱ̤ʥ׳ǣ֮ء


1294 ʥ
ʥ׳ǣĳǳأҲŦԴͷΪĳǳء
׳ĳǳأ
Ҷһʱһռز֪Ÿߴΰǳ¥ɽźľͳǳӡ뵽
ȹģĳǳأҶֻһǾƿصĻǡ
ţʲô
ɵʮɸߣ˸׹⣬ʥ׳£Ҷ翴һʥ׳ƽľ޴ʥ׳⡣
ϣ̻֡
Щ֣иеͣǳһЩ֣µʴģؿˡ
ߴȴһʻۻ룬վɼߡ
ӷ
ӦһʵģʵԽߣԽߣҲԽߣӷܰ˵ֶڹϣҶ
ʵ֮ºȤûгֵ˼ƯĴ۾¶ŨȤԾԾԡ
ƣҪҪһ£˭ʥµָߣ
һͦΣɫۣɢ˫磬弶ս޻ʾӣһʮɸߵʥ£һòͨƤܰף˫޳ɢ⣬ͬΪ弶ս޻ʾŮӵ
Ⱦͱȣ
аƵŮӵ˵ͷͻȻŨŨĽ⣬һʵؿԼٶȷʥɴ
һ̣˫罣ʥ¿հ״Ӳ̽˼ӲޱȣǿʥУԼ֡
ʥɴԼʱҲɴֵּ֣Բ簲
ֻ弶ս޻ʾ磬ȴʥɴּӦĳŵӣ
ոиս޻ʸ֣Žʥɴ˺ȣʵ츳̫Զ
ΧʥΧ۷׷ʱһӲߣ쳣࣬Ƥڣüۣ弶ս޻۷徳͵̤һµ棬ڽŵ׷޴ӿն𣬳ʥµĸߴ
ɣɣɡڱٰɴʱЩܲסʥ͸ѹϢһֳ֮ͼͰ֮ͼŵָǿʥϿ
ʥÿһɣѶȾͳɱ츳ʵͼ֮ڼʥ°ɴּ֣Щǳ
찡ʥ°ɴþûгȾ׵ˣ
弶ս޻ʾڼʥ°ɴպתпܳΪؾܣ
ڵ͸һĨ԰׵ӣ˵Ŀⶼ
ߣ߶ʲôþȵģ
ڲ˷̾ʱȴƲƲ죬ں˵
СܲʥѶȣһˮɫ΢΢Щӷף۽вβƵŮӣɰСʥһĹŵӲޱȣ̺ǿĵ⣬ˣ
ոλӣʥ¼ɴеţպĳɾͲ
ڵĺòֵǮ̾Ϣһ

СôҪҪʥѶȣͣɴҾͷˣ
Ŀһҡҡͷ
磬ҪҪԣ
۾Ȥ֮ɫŨųĬҶ
Ҷʥ¿ûȤҶҡҡͷȤ԰ɡ
ǺðɣҾԣ¶һԿɰСʮɸߣǿʥ˵ҿӷԱǸλòҾԱ߿ɣҪ̵

Ļ¶˼ЦݣֱЦЦ֪η
ոʥ¼ɴĿӣ¶֮ɫ̫ɰ̲ס䡣
Ҫ֪ӷǰʥߴкܶսĳɼ
˳ɹ⣬ȫʧˣʥߴµǳǳ֣Ͱʱ󣬾ͽʧˡ
ڳ˶ţοɰСһʥߴӷ̵
磬ȥˣ
˵ţʥ£ԽԽǿĵѹʥ۷ȥ
˻
񣬷ӵʥɴʱʥ˴˷ĵ
ʱ΢΢һٵ㣬ȼԳѪֳԳӰʵʥʮɴȥ
찡ҲΰɣСѾͷӽʥ¾ɴʵôôǿ
ҾȻˣСѾͷǸ
˱ǰһĻʱͣʥ¾ɴȼѪ˺˿µѹʥʮɴ
һ̣˵һĻˡ
ཱུС֣ӷԿ֣һʼһʥڣӷָ


1295 ɱ¾
Сɰ
µ֣Χ۵˼ʯˣǳ𾪣һЩ
ˣ湻湻Ǿͽǰɣ
СۣϹЦݵ㣬Ҷ˵
桭
ҶĻʥµ˸ӵޱʥʥ¿ҶУȴͬϷ
ţǽǹ䣡ϣﻹкġ˵ͷҶ紩ȺԶÿͨ򷱻ʥ׳ȥ
Ưʥ׳޽ĺƯ
߽ʥ׳ǣʱϲҶʳ
㣬ʳҪȵˣ
ɫۣ˫޻׵߻Ҷͫһ˵
ɶ񣬾Ȼƻ£ĲǣҲ쳣ĥųСȭͷߺ޵˵
ȵȣȲҪ֣Ҷҡҡͷƽ˵Ҫʲô
Ǻðɣ
Ĺĵ˵Ҷ˹ȥ
λǶ룬λһˡһɫÿ壬סҶˣ˻ɤӣĿ˵
߰ɣ
Ҷ翴һ˾ܣ˵ϡ
Ҷݲȵ̬üͷ΢΢һ壬ԴҶˡ
оҶʵǷһһҷסǿܵĿռ䣬ǰ˶լ
Ƕ嵹ǻѡطլռʥ׳һԴͷ
ԶԶڹУԣռʮ¥ĶլҶ绺˵
ȻҶǿģ¶԰Цݵ
ǾǼʶ£㶫ʵϣҪʧ
Ҷ΢΢һЦǣỬС֣˳һֱĴ½ɫȻ򶫷լȥ
ҶĻüͷšһĪĸеһ˿衣
߽լҶоլˣù
⣬Լݣͷǿ͸Уʵ
ǽˣ
߽УҶ翴ɫۣϢĶλϣĿؿǡ
ֱߣվһף˺۵ӣǱѵ˴ȥĶ׿
λԺηΪ۸ҶҶӣ
ɫȻɫƽҶ磬Ϲüͷ΢΢һ£ҪŪǶ˵ڶ֡
ɣûбҶ米˫֣ɫ°˵
׶ϳǡ
ģǺֻʶһ죬ûн飡ҶϹյĻ˵
㵽ʲôˣ
ɫȻҲҶ磬ᵽ˲ѰϢҶı̫ƽˣ͸İȻʾûнԼ
˵ǵﲻˣ𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ģͷӲӽ㣡׿˫ض޿ֵҶ㣬ҧгݵŭλϣҴǵĹȣǹź˵
ǣү
ѺҶߴڵһֳһڽ𳤹һֳͷǹһһҹҶˣҪ۶ǵȡ

ԳѪȼգһŲѼӲĵ棬ոת˾ߺȭµȭâХĳˮѴĳǶ˻ȥ
š
Ŀȭ˶ϣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫû뵽㣬ս˿£ȻԽӲ˾ܡ
㣬Ĺ̫ˣ
Ҷ۾һɱâһǧ̤Я콣ڽں˵Ķ峤ǰǷһ
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Ҷлγ˿µѣ֮ݺݵغ׷߻꺣УǵķӦ˳ٻ
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1296 
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Ժͷ뵽ҶֶΣðգ˼ֻܹ֮ԹԴӦҶҪȥնʮƷ쾧
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1297 һ
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ɫۣϹһ˿ս޻۷֮˶ǰ˵
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κΣ֮ʵ̫ҶÿȹŵȼӲӡâſƣݺݵԴϡ
һƽҷڵأ߿Ѫ˹ȥ


1298 ջ
ҶҶӣ׳Ķӣ׳ĵλߣĿǰĶǧɱԻ
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˵꣬ҪϢҶ뿪Ǭص᷿УϹŲͼ˳Ե޸


1299 ʥս̨
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Ϊ벻Ůо𣬾޹ʧŮӹ꣬δ飬ûо׳
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ʱ䶷̨ϣ漤ҵɱ
ϢĿȣԼʼҵĶԾϵȼ̨¹еĻ棬Ƿ߰ź
Сӣʵ̫ˣҷƲҹ̨ɣ
һߴֳһصȫŨںë弶ս޻ʾĴŭһӶƴȥһԵеһͦΣɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ҷ˳ȥ˲ٵĹͷݺݵˤ䶷̨ſڵϣվ
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ʥ׳Ƕеʥս̨ۺ˶ʥս̨սÿʤһõļƷ꾧Ϊ
Զ䶷̨Ҷ;⴮¶ŨŨȤ˹ȥ
ôû˸սˣѵʥ׳û𣿡ȡðʤЩԣĴЦ
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ʥս̨һɫĲᣬʱڲһУһɫ߹յ쳣ˣѩޣںڵĳɢ˫磬һ㾫ϾŮӷеĲ豭ߺ޵˵
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߸߾۵С֣ǰŰ˵
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Ŀȭâ˾ܶɵѣҪ˵弶ս޻ʾˡ
ۣ
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ţ㷢˱ŵһ


1300 ܰ
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ܰϵһЩºԴҶ̬ȣԤеʲô¶һ˿ڴ


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һҶŮӷǿհ׵ģûȷϣ϶ģؿһɫҶ磬¶˵ЦǶ˵ƻͨڷŴʳƵķ¥С
Ҷʱ磬֧˻δֻʥ׳ǼڴкȾƺѡ
öóԵģ
ſƮ㣬۾ʱˣһ˴ߵζԣƷζ
óԣĶ̫óˣʳùĹĵģҶ磬
У
һۣϸЩݣ弶ս޻ʾӣۣƳһ۳ԵĲֺ㣬üͷ΢΢һ壬ؼ
ǰĺҪһôģž˵θڣ
ߣһĸŰɫ޳ȹ޵ϹżֵŮ㣬˵
֣һ¥ȫ˹һǸǻģȥ֤һݣҪΪƻᡣ
ү
ɫ׵ķ¥㡣
λ֪𣿡
СĹģް㣬üͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ǵ
Ҷɨһµĸӵˣ˹˳˵
Ǽٵİɣ
Ҷǿհ׵ģŮӻɵ˵
϶ǼٵģӹɵĿΪʾݣǵôпհ׵ģеαġ
λӣ֪ǴӺδģҲҶе˻ɣʵ
ܰҵģҶ絭˵
ͣҶ绰䣬ŮֱЦϵı֮ɫŨˣҽҲᣬܰʶˣô˵ġ
ʱӷڣڣҲǣҶɫȻ˵
λ޷֤ʵαֻǳȥ
Ҷʶӷܰñ˵
ҼȻӦܰμᣬͲ뿪Ҷ絭˵УƢãòҪҡ
ģвң
ҴүԸҶвȻŭ۾˸ŵ⣬ɱڵ˹
˹֣ٷϻһ趼ϲ˲죬ɫˣؾ
Ѿͷӷ㡭
˶ͷϱ˵ȫڵĻע˫УҪѵ㡣
أ
һǰͻȻһõâǿС֣ݺݵسͣһƳɣ׷˰С
ţһѿסĽףڽ֮ʧص˻ݺݵ˵ϡ
أ
Ʈķ¥˾޴ʮֳǰ꿡ˢˢĽĿͶ˹ǿһ裬Ŀ˵˾һްСҷڵأ޵ʱȫɵۡ
󵨣ס֣
Ȼعһٻһսն㣬Ҫˣ¿Ѫʹధˡ
أ
һŲؿϣعǣһȭնµսһȭ˳ȥȫ
ڷ¥֮УʱòЩƵӳˣǶ˿ɫҶŰʱɫһ䣬˹


1302 û˵
ס֣
ҴĶ׿һ
׿ٰңҺúýѵ飬Ҫǵ
ͻȻֵĶ׿Լ綫ѪƲ¶֮ɫŴ
ˣҺƾʲô㣡
ԼСƿҶϣ׿±Ҷᣬһ˵Ķϣڵ˵
һĻʹధɵˣǰĸŮӶҲɵۡ
ǲؿ߳ŭĶ׿벻ͨݵǳϷ
ѵʶ
ŮӵԺһ˿ͷ
Ҷӣû뵽㣡
ЦЦԼҶ磬뵽ֶΣ׿͸еŬЦݣ˵
˵˭
˿ǶԶ׿ֵܷǳ˽⣬̶ƽʱԼţ竣һ˵
ѵģ
һߵϵĸоЩԼ³ç
ţ棡ҶŶ׿ֵܶ˵˵ͷ⴫ǽ˼䡣
û𣿶ʲôҹʮɷ
ϣ绹ûʼôô֣
¥ȫոձߣɫۣ棬ںڳɢ˫ƻ§һĻŴ󵨱ţ¶ŴƬѩ׼޳˫ȵŮ˷¥С
ԼҺųʥ׳Ĵ֮ףƻս޻ʾ磬ʵǵλԶԶǿ׿ֵܶˡ
٣˴ңٸ
ף˲˲ΡΡڵƻߣߵ
˭ɵģ
Լҹϵƻհ˲״ƻɫʱ˵
ң۾˸ĵ⣬˫ֲ
£Զ֫һƻ첻µزµ㣬λߵĿ
ƻҶӺС㲻ܵģ˵㣬ҪԼҴɱ֮
׿ֵܶƽʱƻϵҲŭҶ磬ѵ
Цʥ׳ǣмԼҵﲻģƻԴ˵

׿ֵܶ໥һۣ̾Ϣһٶ˵ȴͬƻ
Ҷ֪Ҫ˵һƻˣһŭҶ磬֪Լҿ»Ƕһ³
ôûҵĻԶ֫һ
ƻ׿ֵܶ˳ĬˣΪηԼ¶˸߰ЦݣظһոյĻ
ҹ£
ͻȻûһӰͻȻżһ㣬ǰļĳһơ
һ̣оһɳӿУ类һΡߴɽУ˫һϥǺݺݵײ˵ϣӲĵ˵Ѻۡ
ޱȵļž
ĿƻһڵϵһĻڳȫɵۣǰһĻԾʵ
¥ĸˣҲеĳͻʵĻҴҵĸ˹
ɱ㣡
һɴδӿƻͷ裬ץҪ˺йޡ
أ
ƻб֮ϥʹڵԾʱٶȸ߳һţһĶϣ߷˳ȥѪˤʮԶݺݵڵϡ
ס֣
űһ߷ɵƻԼµѪգ󴼶ʱŭˣ
ӷ֧ῡܵӣʱңǴӷ뵽µغ󴼶ɱġ
ʲôˣΪʲôҷ¥ңŭҶˣǳ
ߣºðɣһη˵
¥ǵûǻǼٵģǵãһԲϾʹˣʵ޷죬ȫȻûн
׵˿ִаϲվ˳ָ
ǸӷӣͱˣҶɫȻ˵
ôĿҪϷһ߲ˣջ˵ҶΧס
û˵ѣɱˣˣӷûã
ͻȻһ˵һɫۣӹյ쾡µŮӻ˹
ΪԱ¶ԵʣסԲβֱ˫ȫ¶ڿУȥħ
ϳ
ĻŮӣҶüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽Ӧ뿪ĶϳͻȻڷ¥С


1303 ͻ
ôˣ
һһЦ˻ǵĶϳҶüͷɵý
ҾͲ𣿡ϳᲦһ´µںڳƢôͻȻƾȻûдɱ䡣
ôҺ巢ͻҶ翴ƷǵзѵĶϳ䲻ȵ˵
ǰȷʵ뿴ɱˣϳЦЦ˵
ģԸģҶ絭˵

ҶĻ¥һƬȻĵŵˣҪôǷӣҪô̡
Ҷ㶼ֻ弶ս޻ʾ磬벻Ҷʱʲô
ǵ˭
󴼲ʶϳϳɢϢȴļ£Ƕ֮ĶԻ󴼱ȫŭˣŭ˵
ƾ㻹֪ǵݣ
ϳ΢΢һЦһѪ׹ǻ۵ɱɢ󴼵Уһ̤Źصĸоȫĺëһֱ
߰ɣҪЩˣȼýˣԸһ׷Ļϣ
ͷɱס󴼵ˣϳͿĨѪĺ촽΢΢һ̣ģ롣
ãǾȥȼҶ˵ͷ߿ˡ
׿ǲʶǼˣңǵ˭ҷһҪ˴澡ʧƻڵѪɫ۾ɱڵ˵
ƻѵķϣһ䣬ǲǵˣ㲻Լҳ£ɡĿ¶׹ƻҡҡͷһ䣬붫׿뿪ˡ
¥ǻҪҪǣ
ոսӴҶŮӣɫߣʵ
ȵȵȣʾ𣿡
󴼿Ҷûȥ˼˼һ˵
ںӷѶʱӲɵòһ£ͷð˿ſ亹
Ȼǣ
֪ҶͶϳݣǺ£ʱ֪ϳûŻҶҪɱ䣬Ĳ˼ʲô
¥ô˵
Ŷͷð飬͸һĨ԰׵󴼣Ůʵ
κ˲ˣһƽϢһ»ҵģ
ʱƣ֧ĵӷ׷˷¥Ȼ¥ʹɾǻ˸ոշ£Ҷ˵Ŀ䣬⡣
һЩӣɢջɫһĶϳʱ۾鲻Խ
Ҷӣʱʥ׳Ϊأ
ϳΧһ˫˫ȵĿ⣬һѪ޵ƣŵԸе촽ϣһСʵ
أҶ翴Ŷϳĵеһ
ɱˣϳ³ֵ
ҲɣҶģɵ˵ʥ׳ǵĿʲô
Ҳɱˣϳʮ̹׵˵
ףɱĿģҶùһƣϳеľƱһ£ȸơ
ҶͶϳһһʱһˮɫۣǷϹһ˿·ӳˡ
ĳ֣ʱĿ⣬ò˷׷ǰѡ
ĵܵܣ׳Ķӣ
˶ӵĳƺҶµݣѹˣȤ
ʥ׳Ƕոճ˴ƻ˹˼ͼӴ׵Ľոշµ˳
š
üͷ΢΢һ壬ĿͶҶˣ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ǸûƱվڴ뺮ţ£ŷ֧Ĺϵ
ûãվԵǣӷһͬˡ
ܰöˣһɫȹԸеӳе쾡£׼Ķ쵰µ٣һܣһǰӣ˿һ۾԰Ρ
Ҷ࣬ܰӵƯˣ޳˫ȣҩһ򣬳Ϊ˾ԵĽ㡣
ӷ˵󣬼֧Ӻ˼䣬һͬվƫԶ䴦Ҷˡ
ӷ˵ľٶոҶ˷ͻƻɫ΢΢һ䣬˸ų亹
۾Ժиֳһյļı
Ҷ֣̣С㣬ող˼ǲҪ֣һһӷһǸ
̡ϳ嵽ʲôϵҶ粻дĦϳĹϵ
ҵǲҶ᲻պ󱨸ҾͲˣϳ¶ŵЦݵ
ôĿ岻Ǽƽϣ㻹Ǽƽϲɣˡδӷ˵˹ɫƵؿҶ磬ԵػӦ
Ҷ罫ĿƵϣ˵
壬ȻҪһҶ簴һ
ֹҶҡҡͷ˵㻹ʸ㸸ɣ


1304 ʯͷԼĽ
㡭
ɫһ䣬ʱŭˡ
û뵽ҶԼбɱ⡣
󣬲ҶٸҶӵǸӷ֪ͻȥɫ΢΢һ䣬
ǸΪʲôҪǸ壬ٸǵǸڡ
ǰȫȻһѵµοǡ
˱Դŷ¥ϣ˿Ե³
ƽʱ˽ӷ׷׸͵ӷʩѹ
ұ죬˭ڷϻڹ洦ã
ӷ֪ҶֶΣŭˣӶˣŭ
ӷ㻹ǵԼѪάһˣĺڣ
ӷִάҶˣаϲͱ˵ָ
£Իһָָ㣬ٷҶ㲻ӷɫŭ
㿴ˣһģ㵨Ϊ޷ǲǳ
ӷŭȻķţ֪ѵã֧һڣĨӷһĵλӲͷƤ
Ҹ磬ǲǻĲͷˣɫȹʸŵҶŭľ
Ҷ࣬Ϊһһ֧󣬿ƿر˵ȻҾҲҪά岻κ衣
ಣ
䣬һļµĽڷ¥УӳҶ꺣ͭ껯һɳͻȻնɫ
ȻʵȴֵסͭĹͭն˳ȥһؽݹ壬Ѫ˳
һöȼĸߵĻһԽ룬նɱ
㣬ɱң
δѪֱؿڣŭű˫ɫȻҶ磬Ĵ
ո㲻˵ҳȫ㲻𣿡ҶбĹâŵڵϵ󣬻˹
㣬㲻Ҫ˺ңһ֮أ
ҶԽԽԽԽǿҵɱ⣬һ
СɱҲɱˣıһ˳еҶη˵ͭƯͷŽâָʱ׼һ
ǻŸʲôһֶԸ˭ɱ͡
оҶǷӣĺٴγ֣
磬ô죿ܰû뵽ᷢչ㾳أɫԥӷʵ
Ҷ粻³ç֮ˣһָоǾһ˵ӷһ
磬ͲҶɱˣִˣܰǵ˵
ؼʱһһӷעҶһһ
µʲôˣˣҪ岻ݣ
һɫۣһ̺ۣս޻ʾվ˳˵
ҲǴһҪΣգòվ
Ҫѹңɱˣ˭סҶѱ˵гӹɵ˼
ôĿΪԼף۽Ǽ߳ŭ
ǲǻ֪˭ϳһЦݣδ˷̬ʮ˵ܵܣ㻹Ҫݵʲôʱ򡣡
硭ǴҶ磡
ϳɫ䣬鲻Խƻ˸¶˾֮ɫ
ǲ¶ˣҶ磡¶֮ɫϳϵЦݸŨˣǾҲɱǡ
ϳɱǣ
оϳй˼ҶĿ䣬Ŷϳ
ϳ׶ϳ
¥˴˷ĵһĨĿ־ռһӵ壬ɫɷһƬĺ鲻ǶͷðӲϵضš
ǰҿǲ˳ֽۣǳ֪ԸԸ⣬ᱨϣϳ˵롣
òҪ̫ϳ϶ʥ׳ǣɱǣ뿪ʥ׳ǣֻеҶʩѹ
ұ죬㻹ǵ²𣿡ӷǡôվ˳ŭһĻ󣬴ǳ
Ҷӣ̣֪ǿɷһӣҪһƽˣȥ˭áӷ˵
νǲ֪ҶܲϾƣ˶ģϳ
ãǿϵǸ¾ˣǾͱ飡Ҷ翴ӷɱȻ˵
ǻŸʲôҶӵǸѵ뱻ɱ𣿡ӷҶһ£
ȻвʣҶͶϳ̫£Ϊ˻ոҶ緢ͻ˲ò¸߹ͷ­ҶǸ
ˣˣߣ
˵꣬Ҷûٴȥ뿪ˡ


1305 ߣն
ʱ֣ţһƳ䴩ӭոµһ졣
ӵƾʷʥ׳Ǿ鲼ص֧ǰլμʢݼոչĺڵ
ڷ¥£ͨʥ׳ǣòᵽһ˿ѰϢʢһ
峤һǷŭѣ˾ҪҶ硣
ͨ


һ߰լŴҪĿҲһϻصլμʢ磬һ죬ޱȵĿֲؾ洦ɼҲԸ巢ͻԭ
磬˵Ҷӽ𣿡
һϮɫȻŮҪֵܰﲻĸͷ֧峤΢΢Щǵ˵
Ҷʵǿ쾳ܻо޴ʵ࣬쾳ܣֵðֱˣҪ˵ҶˡҶӻ
һһϮɫƳۣͦΣӢӷÿ϶Ŀ˵
磬ΪʲôǼ£峤ϲȻŭһ֣峤ϾԻ֣ɱҶ಻ʵ
£ͲˣҶ̸˵Ҷʥ׳ɱ˵ģӷ˼˵
ɱˣҶǷӲɣΪ;һӣ󣡡Ҷɴ۾Ծ˵
ҶɲǷӣҾбһѾ嶯ˣӷ
磬㶼֪Щʲô飿˫ĽûգŴ۾ӷӢĲʵ
һжҵĲ²⣬һҿԿ϶ʧˣӷ
ʧ١磬㻳Ҷģ
ǴһҪ׳ϲ£ԻȻ󲨡
ʮа˾ģӷ˵
Ҷ絽ʲôѵҪѪȷ磡Ҷüͷšһʵڲ²͸Ҷͼ
磬ʲô̬ȣǵܰͨӷĻ׽˼ҪϢʵ
ûκεı̬ڷ¥£ûйעӷӢͻȻ¶˵Цݵ
ѵҶǸףҪ֣һܰɴƯĴ۾󵨵Ĳ²
ˣǲҪϹˣʢ֣ǳȥȴɣ
˵꣬ӷַǷɰ̵ɵĹ㳡Ӵͷ֧֡
լԽԽߣ֧ȫʱɫۣķϱɢųζĶϳֵլߣվһͦεӡ
ӣôһ޵ֱҶ硣
Ҷˣ
Ҷ絽Ϣ˲䴫լܶӷ׷ǰ㳡ҪĿһ˵ӡ
磬˵ˣǼһˣ
վȺеҶ࿴ͦΣ׿ȺҶ磬ƯĴ۾͸˵ɣ֣ʱҶ缫
һļһӷ¶˵Цݣڴ
Ҷ磬ôĹȻڽ嵷ңΪʰ㣡
챻ҶһˣֱǸ澡ʧ˳ؿҶ磬ǳ
Ľѵ
СһԼҶڶб֮ɫɱȻ˵
Ҷӣһֱ޶ϵĸоȻѹĵĿ־壬۽Ǽ⻹ǳġ
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫţɣûܾ㣡
ܲסҶɢĿֲѹһӲͷƤ˵
𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦģ
˵ţͭͻȻӳĻ꺣һ޵е񽣣޵֮ն
һնǳȻʧɫµĴ֮УᵽϢȫ
Ҷ磬ң
û뵽Ҷ˿һԲϾɱˣʱŭˣ׷־Ԯ
ͭĹٶ̫죬ǿĳ档
ֻһ֮ͭǰ˸һ£ͭ־Ԯǰƿһ룬նɱ
ˣ
Ÿոջգ֮䵹Ѫбʬ壬ڳȫɵۣһεĸо
һЩСҶ˿־壬ͷ
Ҷ統ڻɱ󣬵ȫ˺ǰ㳡Ҳѹ֣˴
󣡡
еĴ׳оҶ統ڻɱһĻ뵽֮Уһֻŭʨ쳤Хһηɱ⣬ǰ㳡
Ҷ磬Ϸһң
Ź°η޾Ҷ磬׳۾бѪ⣬ЯɱɱҶ硣


1306 ͱ
ӣҶǷӣ
ĿҶɱ׳ŵһĻҶ౻Ҷס
ܣ
׳ֳһ׹˸ĳǹҶٻ˽ӭȥס׳ľһǹ
׹ڰվҵĲ
ʲôٳֽס˭סһŵ
׳ϵʵ۵ͼ͵Ĺ޷شܣԽԽľ
׳һĸٻԵıɱҶ磬ͨһĸ֣ȴĬѡԹۡ
֧ĸ֣ûпеè壬׷Ҷ֡
Դ˷ϮĽٵ׶ϳеϢ鲻Խһӷܰˣŵòҿˡ
˼ϵҶ磬ȴĴݣվԭһ
䣡
գ֮䣬Ҷ类ٵ𹥻ˣոĿռ䣬ǳݺύѺۣϵݡ
磬Ҷ𣿡
Ҷɴ۾ҶʧڲݵĿռУӷʵ
Ҳ֪
⵽ͬʱ쾳ֵܶסҪ˵ҶˣӷоҶˣҹǰ벻ĵơ
ݵĿռ佥޸ķ籩ʧʱҶĳ֣һֵͬģл޺Ǭ
ռ䱦пռ䱦
ŹֵҶˣΧҶַ˾ԾҶӵд˵еĿռ䱦
ɱ
뿪ǬҶɢɱȼѪֳʥޣǬ򹥻Χ֡
⵽Ҷ˹ս
ƽս񣡡
Ҷ˹Ȼͣκ̫࣬ؾܣʹǳ˾޴ѹ
ѣҶ罫ƽսٻ˳ƽսǿĹڸֵĹ
ڳһƬʱһŭı𣺡ס֡
ףˣ
ɫۣͦε͸ŲŭͨӷֽĿͶҶ磬˼
֣ͨΧɱҶĸַ֧׷˻һĸԥһ£Ҳֹͣ˹ȴҶ·
峤Ҷ޷죬ʢʱڻɱҶұҪ
㿪ܹ׳ܵһ࣬Ŀ׺ݵؿҶ磬ɱȻ˵
Ҷ磬ԩ޳Ϊβɱӣʢ磡ͨб⣬ϵʵ
峤˵£ǵģ𣿡ȻΣգҶȴһ˿ţ˵
ƨ粻֮࣬һ׳߳ŭвɱҶĲݵļơ
׳ں峤˵ʲôѵԼ峤Ҷ翴Ŷͷϱ׳˵

ɥ֮ʹ׳ʧȥǣֱҶ統ڼƲסеŭֳ׼ʥȼĳǹһֻŭɱҶ硣
ϹŲͼ
Ҷ·ϵ׳ɱϹŲͼǡôĳֱ֣ӽɱϮ׳ϹŲͼС
һ̣Ҷ磬ޣܣƽսǬһ֣ͬϹŲͼе׳һǹ塣
׳ʵǿϾû쾳ƽսĹﵽؾܵļޣڼҶ˵Ĺͬ£һֵ֮ס
գ֮䣬׳ͳ˵ѺۣһɹɳĹ壬ҪһԽ
Ҷ磬ѵɱҲɡ
ϹŲͼУŭ׳侲һָоԼҶȦףոǹ⼤ŭԼĿɱԼ
˵ˣҽɱģ
˵ţҶ˼׳޵ʱ䣬ɱ
˴ϣ
ҶٻϹŲͼ׳棬׳һĸֶʱŭˣ׷ٻԵĹŵϹŲͼҪͼ˺ƣȳ׳
ֵĹ£ϹŲͼķӾˣʱס׳һʮֵĹ
׳Ľվĩգɣ
Ҷ罫ٻ˳֮Ѫ߱ע뵽У۳ɱߺɱ׳
׳ȼѪ֮ǿĵӲ赵ľɱһʱƽս񣬽ܣޣǬͬһʱ֣ƸԵ׼ʥµɱУϣϾ
꣡
⵽׳һֿĹϹŲͼˣ¶أ֮ɣʣһ׳
ɣ
׳һֿ׳ΣҪԮʱͭӳҶ꺣˾֮׳֮롣
ϣӵмҰĺȨ׳Ҷ統նɱ


1307 
׳ˡ
Ҷ羹Ȼ׳ɱˡ
һ𣿡
ĿҶͭ꣬׳һɱһĻҵլһƬž
˵Ŀˢˢע˻ԡѪһ޵ɱҶ磬׳ɱ
˷ˣҶԷˣֵĴҲɱһӣҶĿؿҶ磬ͬ˹
׳ˣ峤ҪˣܱҶ𣿡
ʱܰȫ϶Ҷ˴εǳ峤һģģпܾͨȻҶϲ˴󵨣ն׳
ܰȥɣոֻǿθˣ滹иʵ顣
ӷһɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȵ֮ˮٻָҶ磬оնɱ׳ֻǿʼҪԸ峤ڡ
ϡ
׳һˣǵ׳ɱȫŭˣ׷׳ֹҶ磬ҪɱΪ׳
Ǭգ
⵽ʮַĴɱУҶûӲӣ˴͵ǬУܿһɹԷɽϳӵĻ𹥻
峤ˣһҪ𣡡
ΧɱҶʧܣ׳һĸͨҪͨ׷լҶ
峤ѵ֪Ϊʲôɱ׳𣿡
ʱҶŽܺͻƽս뿪Ǭɫ޷뷨ͨɫݵ˵
˵ԭ򣡡ͨϵ˵
ԭܼ򵥣׳йͼ壬ռԴҲ뱻ѣųֶԸҶ絭˵
Ѫˣ϶Ĺɷ飡
Ҷ磬˿ƹŵ׼ϮɱҶ硣
ס֣˭Ҳ˽Գ֣Ҷͨչ¶峤ݿܵľ˵йᣬͼ֤ݡ
Ȼ֤ݣ
˵ţҶ罫Ǭٻ˳
Ȼѹˣ
˺ۣ廨󶯵õӷ¶˵Цݣ֤ʵԼǰڵĲ²⡣
׳һ׳۰ĶҶƣȼŭֲһ˿
Ҷ硭ո˵Щ£ģͨʵ
ҵģҶѻ꣬꺣л֪ϢҶ絭˵峤ţԶѻ꣬ʱͻˡ
ϣûƭңǲ뿪ģͨҡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ廨󶯵ã¶֮ɫӸͨ
峤ǴµѪ飬Ҫ˺꣡
׳һĳϷ׷Ϊģͨѻꡣ
ұ죡
ͨɫһ˽ûԼԵ峤ϣǳ
أ
ͨ׼ѻʱһļµӿĻ꺣Уֱӽ꣬˺ʶʬ⡣
峤
ͨɫ΢΢һ䣬󣬿ɫֻۣʮ͵峤ڣ̤
ÿ̤һռ䶼һ£ɢȺ嫵ϢڳΪ֮
ͨʵ̫ʧˣڻǵ۾бǳҪ貵Ĺâ¶һ˿ŭͨ˵׳ɱˣ㲻Ϊ𣬷һɺԣδ̫˺ˡ
峤λڼ䣬ΪһжΪ壡ͨķϵҲʹԲ࣬ϵס
׳ûʲôΪףڽ˫ͶҶ־ǰΪΪ׳𡣡
峤û꣬ҵ࣬һΪϱ𣬿ڿ»һЩΪ֪ܡ
ͨڲϣ츳ˣ̫ϳϲ峤֮λ
겻ģ˰֡Ƥ˵ô򵥵Сѵ
ˣȻ㲻Ϊ׳Ҳ㡣ҡҡͷ˵ȥɱնԴ׳
⡭
ͨüͷһ
ôңɫƵ˵
峤㣡ҶͻȻӻ
֪ηҪɱ㣬˭ס
˵ţ̤һһɳҶбݺݵѹҶ硣
ܵϢҶɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽ڲͨؾܣǽ֮ϴڵʼתİ벽쾳ܡ
ΪֵֹǿˣҶ͸ƥս⣬ͦɣ°ָ񷣬η޾塣


1308 ս
Сһ޷죬̫ˣ
سۣͷ۽Ȼеβƣò̴棬̫ϳ֮һϵϥһɽˮɽͷӦǰ㳡־磬Զ˵
һˣôڻնĶ
⣬ոջعĺڵϲ˵
ǿϧ׳е˼޵ϣ֮꣬пͻƵ쾳ʱ彫ǰǿ󡣡ϵ̾Ϣһ˵
ϵ磬㻹̫ĺһЩԼڣͲᷢôˡڵҡҡͷ˵
Ѫʵڲ̶֣ڻʼֱϵˣʼҪ˼ʼӣϵ˵ԼĹǡ
ǰǹ˼һֱ˯ʼ棬Զ֣ˡ
ἰʼ棬ڵҲ¶˾η֮ɫн죬ʼ湦ûΣյʱ̣Լ壬˹δ
Ҳ֮ԭ򣡡ϵ
ƱԼķչ֣֮֮ܶڡҶֶȷʵҵĸɫҲݡڵ˵ͷ
̫ϳ˵֮ʣҶսһγ˿ֲĻֹ֮㳡ĽƹھҵĲĩһ㡣
Ҷ磬
ʱؾͻȻҶ֣Ҫڼսʱɱ
Ҳɱ䣬ϣǲҪң
ҶŲȽڰûӰܿؾܵ͵ϮڰУʥ˳в
ס֣һ
Ҷóʥ飬ͨɫ΢΢һ䣬
ͨʥĿ£ҶƼˣʥ飬޷˺
ȷҶ絽мʥ飬ο֪Ļ޹˺
ʥ̺Ļ֮͵ϮҶؾ¶˹˼֮ɫһʱ䲻ҿ
ʥסؾܣҶۣڰУһ߿޸ϹŲͼһ߹ע֮ļս
磬˵»ճܰһڰУŵҶ磬ʵ
Ҳ֪ӷ̾Ϣһҡҡͷ˵̫ϳһֱǽ»ᷢչɲݡ
ݡ磬˵Ҷӻɱ峤𣿡ܰҧŷۺɫ촽૵
Ȼڵʵֲһֻ̤쾳ܰǱʶУоҶЦ
ܰͲҪΪˣĲ²
峤ĵλ׳̫̫࣬ͨҲҵ
οӷжţʼΨһѪλδ¶ʼ񻹻ţҶɱڣͱˣλ̫ϳ϶ס
׿裡
ٻͼֳһ׹ʥɱһʱ䣬޷κνܺͻƽս񣬶ʱŭˡ
׹˳ĿߣŽܺͻƽս񣬲ϵطǵĹӲǺˡ
С
˸׹˫Ҷ磬һƲ磬Ҷ磬ҪȽɱ
ֻҪɱܺͻƽս񽫲Ϊ塣
ڱƽҶװͶʥ飬Ҷٶɫ΢΢һ䣬ٿͣһ¡
ԭҲ¡
Ҷ΢΢һЦջ֣̤˲ӳʮףЦݣ
СΪκβ㣡
Ŀ±Ҷˣڸеܴ裬ʩչɱйҶʱܣƽսͻȻˮĹƣҶĻᡣ
ճ
ϵ翴Ҷеʥ飬üͷɵýɣһҶ罫ʥɻԵĴ
˵ʵֳĶڵ۾һɱ⣬˵
ˣʼΨһѪˣпܼŭʼ棬ʱ齫޷ճϵɫ΢΢һ䣬ѵ
ʵҲԥΪδŶҪʼһ˳еڵȻ˵
ֵʼܻȻʼ˯꣬ϵ֪Ŀ£üͷšһص˵ҲҶɱڡ
ϵ磬̫Сϵʥˣһʥ飬ڱڵһ۾͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ƽսͽ֮ļսңڼսУŴҪϮɱҶ磬ҶԵٶܿˡ
ö֮ƹ޹Ҳʧȥģһڳϻһͬɱ֮УΪ׳𡣡


1309 ʥ
ס֣˭Ҳҳ֣洦á
ͨһʮؾĿǰݿܵ
ͨôĵӣѵҪ𣿡ˣû뵽ͨڹؼʱԡ
峤ҲһҶǿŻӣܶ˻ɥʧе𣡡ͨһڣķ
㡭
÷ζըˣȻʵͨ죬Ҷ߷̫Ѳһ޵Уһ죬ϵؿĹѹĹƣΪܡ
ͨڸһԹﻢ¡
ҪǣôˣҾվɱңǾɣʱ˶ˣ
Ҷ̤ڰУɫڣԵƥ˵
󣬳һµĿռڶռڶǬڡ
Ϊ˻ɱڣҪǬУֻҪڸ̤ǬҶƿ
š
ҶɴڰĿռڶһļµĸоüͷһûäĿĿ
ôˣΪ峤ͼҲ£Ҷ翴ܿܺͻƽս񹥻ܵһߵڣ
СҵΪˣ˺ĨڲңɭȻ˵
ҼƤģûƤôģԽԽҪҶЦһ㲻ҲûϵҾͽ׳ͨУͼܹ㻹ʲô˵ġ
˵ţҶ罫ϪǬָ˳ȡһöʯ
ʯע˴Ļһ֮ڼʯӳͶգγ˴Ļ档
ǰĻ棬ɫ䣬һƬȻ
еľ׳뾵ڹᣬתԴĲ֤лһЩҪĶԻ
С
û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼ׳⹴֤ľͬʱɱŨ
㲻Ҫֻǿʼһ뾵ʼ洮֤ͨ
˵ţҶó˵ڶżʯ˳
СݵϷ򣡡
ȷʵ˽뾵ʼӴҶԼ˽ͨУתԴ֤ݣһ֤ع⣬彫û֮ء
¡¡
޾׹ڽٶޣֳ׹ʥնҶ硣
ھնҶû㣬˽ǬڣŭڽǬС
Σɱ⾪ûԥֱӳ˽ҪɱҶ磬ƿصһ֤
Ǭأ
ɹǬУҶرǬܺͻƽսٻ˽
ʧˣ峤Ҷһʧˣ
ҶڹʧլһƬȻ
Ҷոչ¶֤ݣᵽһ˿ѰϢټ̬ͨȣԼٳδ¶̫ϳϣò˸оҪޱ䣬ޱԴͷڣ׳һ
ڣû뵽ҽ
ǬУҶ糹׷̤㼯ɵƣɫĿ¶׹ڣЦݡ
ССˣû뵽ƿصĿռ䱦ȼôߣ
ǰ羰续Ŀռ䣬ſƮŨڻǵб̰֮ɫ뽫ǬΪС
ô㻹ҪҵǬ
б֮ɫҶ¶˵Цݵ
Թű߾֮ߣ䲻ռ䱦
ڻеδãһԼõƣҶɡ
ڣ̫ԴˣҶҡҡͷɫݵ˵ó汾°ɣʵ㹻ǿҲһ㲻
СΪӵҾκβ㣬Ϸ֪ʵ
ڿĴЦһһֻϹ޸ֳ壬Ϲ޵УһѪɫӡ
ʥ
ϹŵѪɫӣ궯ͨԷϢҶ羪ȵķ֣Ѫɫ֮飬֮һʥ
ʥļֵҶʮʵʥҶİԽԽ
СܱƳϷҲ԰ˣ
˵ţϹޣѪɫںһ𣬴Ѫбʵ
գ֮䣬ڿԽһ̤뵽쾳̺Ļ֮Ҷļв
һʵʥ
Ҷ羳ƫͣĿǰҪľʵ˵յӣҪӵУպ㲻ʩչҲʱԿ½ĸˡ
Сӣµɣ
ʥʵޣ۾бĿ׹⣬ֳʥնҶ磬ҪɱϵһС


1310 

ֵͼˮӿʥҶ緢
µ׵籩ηֱӽҶûˡ
ţʲô
ڱΪһɱҶ磬Ҳܽشǵǿо׵籩еĳʱ۾ɵùԲ¶˻ģ
ҶΧ˲Σÿÿ׵籩˺ЩιҶʱЩҶĹҸ
Լ˺ķֺ
ڣҾ죬Ҿףͨ챾Ҳûã
ҶǬ˺ѿ׵籩̤˳ɫصڣԵ˵
Ҿʹռ䣬ɱ㣡
˵ţͷֳһöʥȼһĹӡҶ磬Ҫʥ֮ǬĿռڡ
ӰĹ£Ǭռ˴ŤһѺڹӡĿռŤ
ͼѹ
ǬռѺʱҶٻ˾ͼӡͼڿռС
ţҶ۳Ĵͼͷŵ֮ڽ˾ͼУ۳֮ѹס궯ӡ
Ʒʥоӡͼѹɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һ˿֮ɫСԽԽҾˡ
ƷʥԾˣ۽δ̫ˣҶ糰ܺͻƽս£һһҹ
ԵʵӲҶǱʱҶ̤ͻȻƽڡ
ۻף
ҶʩչطͨͷѿһֻȼŻۣĽɫбߺҶ硣
赣
⵽ʩչĻۻ׹赳ҶУٴȼ֮Ѫ߱ޱע뵽˾У۳һɱ˺ϮĻףڡ
䣡
ȻҶ޷Ӿǿ赱ϾǼƷʥ˲䱬
㲻ڱɱϣѣ˸Ǳɱ˳ȥһѪ
ޣǬ㣬λǰٹң
赽ڻˣҶǺ˹һֱǬбչأ˾ĽǳˣҲѣһͬڡ
׿裡
⵽ΧԵʵѹסƣй޾ĿףˣҪȽʵ㣬ǳɱ
Ǭ֮ռ䣡
޾ĿƳڵ壬ҶǬ֮ΧĿռ䣬ǿſ׵
ʩչĴɱУҶǬ֮ʱܺͻƽսƽڵ壬һһɱУǣľ
һ̣ޱ仯ս̬ڽ׼ʥȼͭŹףڡ
㣬ǬˣҲʱƸԵ׼ʥһͬڡ
ںʥʵǿͬʱ⵽˶׼ʥ׼ʥȻɫһܡ
ҶǬ֮£ٶܵ˼Ӱ죬δ㿪˷ɱ׼ʥٴѣѪӲϵغˡ
ѪħѪȼգ
֮ˮٻָ˼ɺԵĻҶȼѪ۳Ĵͼͷ߸Ծ
Ž裬ͨ£
һĴͼǬ֮ںһ𣬻Ŵ֮񽣣նȫѪڡ
Ž˲䣬еĹ⻪ɣؼ·ֻʣǵ޿ƥУնѵص񽣡
Ҷ񽣣һȶס壬ֳʥȫֵʥ籡ȥֵסҶʩչĹŽ衣
䣡
ڵֵסҶʩչĴɱУȴδܵסƵĻƽս񹥻
ƽսӳŴĿȭâݺݵغڵϣ˲䱬ʧأƼء
׾
һѹƣɫë׹壬꣬˽ĽܣޣǬˣҪɱ
Ǭ֮ռ䣡
ǬΣգҶǬ֮ſռ䣬ʩչĴɱС
űҶ绯⣬ӡֱͼǿѹôƣ޷쾳ʵڣᵽΣյϢ
⵽ǬԶٿص׼ʥƲϱصڣٻһڽžǶؿѵսϡ
׼ʥȼĹžҶЦһڣ̫ˣֵȼıס
Сʼɱң
һȼȫѪѪ֮عⷵһ㣬˺ü꣬ʵٴ
ಣ
һ̶ƿѪȼյ͵ؼ٣ֳʥϮ׼ʥɱƿǬϿƵҶ硣
ֻҪɱҶ磬Σܽ


1311 ֮ս
ǬУ
ҶһĵǬ֮㼯ǰĿռУγϯصУҪ棬ٶȡ
ȼѪѪڱ쳣£ȫնһӲ˺ǬУϵرƽҶ硣
ۿ˺ǬУͻȻ᲻ɴݵ壬ҶǰӲֵסնľһ
ҪУ͵ĹʱǬ򣬽ǳ˿ƸԵ׼ʥŵɱݺݵغڵϣӲڽžķڽڰˡ
׿裬׾
ȻһټأδӻڵĹƣʩչɱУܣˡ
ͨԽţ
Ҷץסڷ񹥻ܵʱ߸Ծ𣬺ݺݵزһţǧһţھ֮ݺݵزڵϣӰ̤˵档
ͭŹף飡
ʧʱ£ӳͭŹףڵ塣
쾳ʵֳʥסͭŹ׵һʧصĸأ׹Ǭĵ档
ɱ
ץסѵõĻᣬǬ˷׷׿ƸԵ׼ʥɱϵغڣҪƽɱ
ƣ
һ׼ʥŵԡѪȶס壬ֳʥ͵ķǿʵ޵еĹһδνϮɱ׼ʥŵն˳ȥ
δһ˿ϢĻᣬܺͻƽսһһңԣĹ塣
ҶҲʱϵںǬֳʥϵʩչɱУڡ
ӡ
ƱҶȫѹƣſ㹥ڣǿнͼѹƷʥӡٻ˳ӡһھѪӡǿĹ˺Ҷ˵Ĺ˽ܺͻƽս
ͼɱ
ѹӡʧܣҶٻؾͼĴͼڽ˾ͼУ۳֮飬պɱڡ

ڼӡ뾫Ѫӡһԣ˺һֻֻ֮飬мҵĲɱһϮĹŵ׼ʥ
ǬǬһ
ҶͭڽǬУưʮһǬ֮ںһ𣬻Ǭ޽ݺݵնӡɵϣǿƵסԵĹ
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գ֮䣬Ҷ类ն˳ȥĽ۳ݺύĽۣѪ˳˺ѽ۵Ľۣ˳
쾳ܵʵ̫ˣ
Ҷû뵽ǬУ֮δܻɱڣԼˣǽ۷㹻ǿǬ֮Ĺոһпܱն
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ҶһԼݣĴ֮ƷɳĻ꺣ӵ˺Ĺڤڵꡣ
ڻ꣬꾭ǧǿޱȣҶĹڤ޷ꡣ
ѣҶֻܱУ˷ֲܣƱ﹥ڵ壬ս
ʱһһ
ҶǬв֪ƣļһʱ䣬Լͬˣǳˣɱ¾֮ħƣ⵽ش˳ս֣Զˡ
ʱսںϵʥѪʼˣʵҲ֮½
о¶֮ɫʮԼؾΣˡ
ܣƽս񣬸ж
ͬأ˺۵Ҷ磬ѸٷһŻָǿĹŵ´
ಣ
ӵҶܺͻƽսͬһʱƽڣ͵Ĺǿжѹơ
Ҷ̤Ҳڵһʱ俿лŹµľ赡
ž赣ɫ䣬ϵʩչɱУҪҶˡ
赣ɱ
ʱҶ罫ȫĻע뵽˾Уƾ赽ڷһ
䣡һ죬ʯ쾪
ʩչĴɱб赺飬µ֮ݺݵغڵ塣
оһĿ£ڽڽʥѪٻ˳ҪѪ赵Ĺ
Ѫ
Ѫ鱬Ѫ֮ǿеһʱҶʱõĴһСźѪմȾѪϣѪ
㣬㾹ȻкѪ
űǵѪ飬ɫ䣬֮еһβ˻ֺ̿Ͳ


1312 ڳ
ڣȥԹɣ
ѪڵĴɱУҶ糹׷ٻһɱﵻľݺݵسʵ½ϣ˳ȥؿݽ塣
˺ƿռ䣡
ԵƣصڲǬоôֳʥ͵ĹǬռڣҪ˺ƿռ
ڣڣ㻹δ̫ˣ
ҶЦһЯޣǬˣһͬڷ˺Ǭռڣ뿪Ļᡣ
С峤ʼѪˣɱңʼһңͨҲѵһ
ʧȥѪĵƣҲֵסҶ͵ĹƣԽԽأòʼҶʩѹǹ˼ɡ
ڣôͣΪλ˵棬˴ʱ˿һŹ𣿡
ڵвҶ粻ΪֳʥǬ͵Ĺڽڽڵİˣһδαɡ
һʱˣǻδǲҪʲô
صȴһʱ䣬ϵ緢Ҷڷ·˼һֱδüͷ˵
ĵŰɣһָоǾҪֳʤˣڵ̾ϢһͻȻҶİΣ
˵˭ܻųϵʵ
ҸϣҶӮһҪ£Ǽпҽ仯ڵص˵
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Ϊ岻ѣŶֻҶ£ԺԵմ硣
ڵЩҶ繫֤ǰӦóֽѹҶðնɱڡ
ںڵϵ罹صȴʱҶǬѹصڣϵĹ
ʱҶ֮ȫлɱڣȴûкɱ֣ǲϵؼڵơ
СݵϷ򣡡
أƾ֪ȥ߰ûģǵǬѹҶƴɱһ
ڣʵͻȻе㲻ɱˣ
ʶڿµʵҶ˿ͷܿڣõһʮֿµİ֡
οڻǰ벽쾳ܣͻ쾳ֻʱ⣬һͻ쾳ƿصֲ
СϷ㣡ڰȻ˵Ǻܿڵžۡ
ëϻ̫ˣ
Ƣ𱩵Ļޱһ߸߾ͭŹףݺݵ˻Ѫصڣһ׽ҷ˳ȥһͷȫ˫д
һУ
Ҷ翴űҷɵڣ˼شꡣ
⵽Ҷ˿Ĺм֮֮ھˣʶԽԽģ
оȥҪԱ庴ʱһɱ̹ǵĺ壬ȫľ
ţҶγǿѣݺݵغĻ꺣УĴʶ˶˿հס
ɻԣƣ
ץסת˲ŵĻᣬҶ罫ɻ˳УɻԶпơ
⵽شڸֵסɻԵ룬عʱ䶯ɻԾĻ꺣Уʴʶ
ڳɹˣ
оɻԳɹڵĴʶҶ糤һ¶Цݡ
ڣ͸Ұɣұ֤ʮͻƵ쾳
ң˫նڵϵڣҶ絭˵
ǣ
ɻԿ˴ʶڸ޷ҶͷԹԵش
ǿѪң
ڳҶ粢ûнʥѪеõ˶ԼҪʥʥѪ顣
ˣǬɣҪ㣡
˵꣬Ҷһ뿪Ǭڼžլ
Ҷ磬ȻЦ󣡡
찡峤ܸҶδֲ̫˰ɣ
峤أѵıɱˣ
ͻȻҶ磬ѹֵլ뵽У˵Ŀ⼯Ҷϣ֪ôˡ
ͻȻгֻ֣ץסҶظֱͨӽץˡ
ӵ׼ұѻȸ


1313 ʼ׻
ﻨ㣬羰续
糾ڼˣ֣ҶͨɫۣĺڵŸϲҶ磬˵ˣǽҶ绹Ƿ糾
Ҷұ糾һҶ¶Цݵ
Ҿͽ㳿ɣڵ˵磬ĸɫллŶûŶǰޱȵĿ㡣
ǰˣҶ΢΢һЦ˵ãûǰʧ
˳磬𣿡ڵʵ
ûУûɱڣǰģӽٻ壡Ҷҡҡͷ˵
㵽׽ôˣ
֪ûϵ簵һ
ѾӦңһ뿪򡣡Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ⲻܡ
ϵ֪Ǻεȵĸ߰ڻĸԸҶ磬
ǰʵҶ翴ϵ̴ӣ˵ǰţڳԸ˵
磬ֶ̫ҳԾˣڵ˵ĿǰõĽʼ֪ˣҲǡ
̤죬ϷУظ𣿡
ͻȻһبžԶϿ
һ׶ߣ̺ǿ֮ʯĳ֣ʯУӡһСƤɱ̬ӵߡ
ʼ棡
ͻȻֵʯڵϵ磬ͨλصĴӡʯее֮
ߣĴʼ棬ʮ꣬쾳ޣȴܶ׻͡
̤죬ⲽߵĺܴ󵨰֪ⲽһƫԵѣӡʯе׻ͣ΢΢ƵƤبŵ˵
Բʼ棬˼ҵˣغδձðܲδǣڵ̤΢΢ӣ͵
ҲΣû뵽ھȻȨɱ˫ۣ˽ͨУˣǹ˼ҵĸܣҶֻ֣˴ͣ׻Ͳϲ˵۾һֱҶ磬·Ҫ
׻͵ҶͻȻһֱϤܵĸо˵׻ҶǿˣܵĲĸо
Сڷųɣڼ׻͵˵
ǰ
ҶûΥ׻͵أǬ˵ٻ˳
ʼ棡
ŷӡʯе׻ͣһڵϣ׻͹Ŀͷ
ڣ֪
׻ĿЩӵؿڣȻЩŭΪϾΨһѪˣס
ң֪
ڽҧ촽
Ǻãӽ㽫ˣպ󲻵Ծӡ׻Ͳһ˿˵
ʼҡ
׻ͽԼ壬һ
ڣ㲻ңľģ׻ʹĻ˵̤ǹ˼ңƾǵϷ㻹ܻڣʥѪ黹ң͸뿪ɡ
ʥʥѪ鲻ϣ
⿴һҶ磬Դ
СжԻᱨ㣬ʥѪ̫ˡҲܽ͸㣡׻ֽĿͶҶ硣
ǰʽΣҶҲ֪ʥѪļֵ뽫ʥѪ齻˵Ұǰ٣ǰʥѪ͸Ρ
СȻ㱾²֪Ҫ죡
Ȼ׻һֱӡʯУԴԴϱʯµ;ƿݡ
Ϊ٣׻ùǱͼ£޷Ԫˡ
ʼ棬ǰ˫ϵһʥʦ˵а취Ԫڵ۾һ˵
һ
׻֪ͣͨһĺжû뵽Ͳʵ˵Ҷ磬ӵĪδš
ãϷԪϷʥѪ꣬ϷǧԪҽʥѪ͸㣡
׻ͻǵ˫⣬ȲҶ磬˼һ˵
ãһΪһȱζݣҪռ£Ҷ˵ͷ
磬ҪݸңҰռڵʹ˵
лǰ
ҶǬóһƤֽдʮζϡٵⶫھ綾Ľҩһ˺ڵ
磬죬ɣĽˣڵ̺ؿһҶ
лǰҶ
ڣ׳ѳ׻͵̬ʮȷͨû˺֮ǣչ¶ǿӲֶΣ֮塣
һʱ䣬ڲžޱ䣬ٺȺ֮ͨˡ
ȻͨһֱϢıʣҶ統ڻɱ׳֪¼ǴУȻ󲨡
Ҷ磬֪ǱƳΪ֮ףΪ֮ˡ


1314 ʥ
ɪɪ̲죬һƬ
磬ҪҶˣ
Ҷϥһɫ˵ɽͷɿŨʱɫ۵ĺڵ̤ҶʮԼһ׼ʥȼ¯
ʮҶ緢ЩݾԶɫѣÿһļֵɹ
磬а취ʼ٣ڵ΢΢Щʵ
׻Ͷ̫ˣ֮Բҽ쵽Ĺ˼׻͡
Ҷܰ׻ǧ꣬ټʯ׻ܶ£ͨӷ츳п׻ʱУͻƵ쾳
ʱ彫ǰǿ󣬼ǵĴ쵽
Ҫʼ٣ҪʥȼҩûʮİաҶ˵
ɾʼ꣬ɻʱγһСƬƬʥĵ
ŵҶŸҿº׻ס
磬һаˣ֪ҶҪʥڵ۾
Ҷ罫ʮζսǬУϥɽͷϢһʱʼϤڵ׼ʥȼ¯
ȫϤ¯ϹŲͼ˿ռ䣬óʵҺԼʮȫͶ뵽¯С

Ҷһ˷ʥ𣬵ȼ¯˳򣬿ʼĽᴿ޳ʡ
Ȼʥ࣬ᴿѶȴܴ󣬱뱣֤ÿĵԲʧһһпƳʥ
Ҷȫעʱ׻͡ϵ긲˹עҶ
æĽͷöͨҲʱܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ڽȫᴿˣ
ᴿҶ簵һһСڻػҺʼ֮飬һʥƣŵ¯л۵Һ
ʱһȥܿʮȥˡ
Ҷ粻֪ƣһʱʱϿͻȻܲĺƴ˷㼯ս谵
ƣҪƳʥˣ
ͻȻֵĽƣڵϵ¶˼֮ɫֻʥ֣Ż١
û뵽羹Ⱦ֮ţϵ޵
ʯг˯׻ͣʥپѣѿ棬ںڵߣĿؿԽԽĽơ
䣡
һ춯صױһˮͰֵʥٽſµƻ˵¯ҩΣҪƻ
Ĵͼռ䣡
ҶһĴͼֳ壬ſռ䣬ǿʥٵ
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ʥȼҩϷܶˣҶһ֮סʥ٣׻ͻǵ۾бʣ˵
ʼ棬ôƳʥ
ϵ磬֪ʥѶȣʥʦʥļҲߡ
ţҹ࣬Ӧûвַ亱һɹ׻͵
̤죬Ҷ絽ʲôķ׻ʵ
أҲԿ϶ǣˣڵ˵
˾ͺãڵ˵ͷ
ҶĴͼٿǬһʱһʥʧˡ
ʱĽƻٵس鶯γһӿµʥ٣˺գݺݵغҶ硣
վӣֵ
ʥٵҶ粻ģ׼ʥӭȥ
䣡
һ׼ʥʮʥʱʥûˡ
ľ
ۿµʥٺɱϣҶֽľٻ˳ʥٵϴ
ڻľ£ʥٵٵ½ҶĴͼظ£Ҷɹʥٵɣʥٽ뵽¯Уشʥ
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Ҷȫʥʱͻٵ½Ļָٵػָġ
أһʱȥˣصĽԽԽϡ̺ԽԽС
գҶȸһƿ֮ˮͻػҺ˿µʥ١
ɣ
˺۵ҶһʥƣڽһʱУżֵɹʥ


1315 رѡ
ɹˣ
ʥʧ˲䣬ڵҶߣ԰׵ӣŵʵ
Ҳɹˣ
Ҷ糤һ͵һĹ̵¯Ѫɫ̺ǿ֮Ƶʥɳ¯ǣҶץС
ʥ
ڵɴ˫ۣžҶģµʥҶ񲻶Ϸű仯
û뵽̶ʱ䣬Ҷ˼ͬʱʥÿʥƷʻﵽ˶ơ
Ҷ磬Ϸ۽磬Ϸʮ꣬ǵһμ֮ţ
׻͵ʯѿĿݣƤͷ׻ʯ߳׾˵
һ̤µĵƳ£ݵȻûһ˿Ϣȴɽ㲻ɺĸо
ǰǱȻľԽ缫޵ʥϣԪʥ㣬ԪҶ罫ոƵʥ׻͡
л
ֽӹҶʥ׻һʥӽУĬĬת崫ʥ
Լһʱ䣬׻˽յ˫ǵ˸ż֮ɫ
ʼ棬˶Ԫ
ڵϵ˫˫ĿͶ鼤׻ͣڴʵ
عƣСƵʥһǧٶԪ׻ͰסĵļҶĳƺҲˡ
Ȼʮ꣬ͿһУȻ岻ġ
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ģϷ򲻻ˣǿʥѪ͸ˣϣܷӸã׻ʮʹ˵
лǰ
ҶķѪʥΪʥѪ飬ӵʥѪ飬һ֮նɱؾܡ
֮ʵʥѪø׼һᣬʥѪѨС
ʼ棬Ķ̫ˣ㿴ȥرѡ𣿡ڵȴ˵
ȻԣСĶˣһᱨ׻͵ͷ
лǰҶм
СѣѪˣ뿴Ϸϣƴ˯ǰ׻ʹ
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лл
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˵ţڵҶ뿪˱ʥƻصɽͷɽУؽƣɽУӡǿеĲر⡣
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оڵϢһɫۣϲƣزرµ˫Щ˻Ƶ˵
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ߣҶͫһоĿ¡
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ʼոոҴѶˣǽȥɣסֻܴӲرһʱѡ
İڼƹģҴȥڵ˵

߼һ̣ǶһϵʯͷϣʮӵӡֲرĽơ
߰ɳ磡
ڵŻߵ˵ͷҶ̤ɣµʯףʮ׸ߣشĵ£ƿ˵ţߵ档
ҩطģ࡭
߽رҶ翴رʯңÿʯ϶ɢŵƹĹ׭塣
磬ر࣬ҪʲôֱȥӦĲرңرеıﶼʩ˽ƣԽıԽǿڵܵˣһʱѡʱ䣬мǲҪʱ䣬㡣
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Ҷ˵ͷ絶ɨһʯңΪǰӺڵл֪Ҳ޷Ѫ֥˼֮ղʯҡ
ҶٵɨһʯĿı۾ԸʯңӦʯı
ܿ죬ҶĿ꣬ͭǿĹƿƣõһŰ˸ߵ̲ʯһŶ쵰СƷ쾧һſ˲䴫Ĵ顣
ʱѡ걦Ҷûʯоô뿪ʯҡ
ôѡˣڵЩʵ
һ˽رңԻᾫϸѡҶ㣬ôͳˡ
ţѡˣǰǳȥɣ
ȻҶѡرıȴҪ
ðɣǳȥ
ѡ걦ͲݷڣټϺڵоҶ粻³ç֮ˣûж˵ʲô뿪˲ر


1316 ħ֮Ѫ
ǰ֪̲ʯ
Ҷе̲ʯŨȤҵǵԴͷ̽һ
ԭв̲ʯ󣬲ΪȵĿе̲ʯѾֻлҵոյõǿ̲ʯõģڵ
棡ǰʲôطȥҶʵ
ɲһطųһյأʮֵΣգأĪպͻԵңġڵ˵
ǰĻв쾳ܵĴڣ
Ҷ¶ŨŨ֮ɫҪ֪ڵٶȾ˫쾳УʤٶȵҲ޼
ţ˵ѹһµĴڣĽƼ£ΪһǸܻΣ磡ڵ˵ͷҶ͸¶һܡ
ǰ⴫ģҶüͷһƣˡ
ǲҲģȷʵӡǿĽƣҵðУȴѹƵ磬ŵûҼ룡ڵ˵Ҳ̫ȥС
İǰҾȥΧ䣬ðģ
ȻΣգҶ绹Ǿȥһˣ̽̽һյأѰһЩδھ̲ʯ
Ҫȥ
ڵҶ簲Σ˼һ˵
ǰҵʱ㻹ɣҶ΢΢һЦ棬ԼȥС
ǺðɣһСģ뵽Ҷʵ͵̣ڵԷ磬ĴΪպѣһ˵ϵɽ»𺣣Ҿ
ллǰҶЦ˵ǰ̻𣿡
̺ܺãһֱŵմУټʵһһڵ̵Ҷ硣
ǾͺãҾͷҶǱǰˣ׼뿪ˡ
ðɣҾͲˣһСģΣգһǵ֪ͨң۶ԶҶһʱϵڵ˵ͷ֣ص˵
Ǳ˺ڵҶ뿪أ׼뿪լʱһöŮĶС
Ҷӣ׼뿪ˣ
ɫȹһʢĽõ壬˵ܰͻȻ֣ĻǶϳӷԼͬƯҶࡣ
ţˣʱ뿪ˣҶ˵ͷ
Ҷӣûм£ʥ׳Ƕයһʱ䣬Ǿ֮꣬лĴܰ
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Ҷ磬׼ȥģ
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ǰ;УһʱϢָƵҶ罫رõ˳
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Ҷ֮ѡﴫʯΪȥ׼һָоȥ׾̫ƽԼҪܵ׼
֪ںƷ쾧ܲܿԽӵ쾳ʵ
Ҷ罫ж쵰СƷ쾧ڽ˽Уоܵʵڽ
գ֮䣬ܵʵͿԽؾޣӵ쾳ڵʵ
ȻԤһ
оĻ֮Ҷ¶ЦݣڽֻһƷ쾧޷ʱ䷢쾳
ս壬ҶֽǿŰ˶ߣ궯̲ʯ˳ֳʥǿƽ̲ʯӲʯǡ
̲ʯ̫Ҷŷڽ֮˾ţ֮һƿ̲ʯһΰɫѪҺ
ħ֮Ѫ
̲ʯ̲صѪҺҶˣϲķ֣⾹Ȼһħ֮Ѫ
̲ʯôħ֮ѪѵѹħҶüͷһƣһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
֪ħ֮ѪԼǿһʥܲͻƵս޻ʾ磡
һսҶ̵ᵽʵϵĲ㣬ʮеҪ磬ս
Ҹطħ֮Ѫȥɣ
֮Ҷ罫ħ֮Ѫӡͷǿ긲ܣһȺɽ˼ʻۣȺɽҵһľɽ꣬׼ħ֮Ѫս޻ʾ硣


1317 
ɣƮƮ졭
ҶϥɽУĬĬϢ˴ʱ䣬״̬ѣó˽ǿʥ̵˶С
䡭
ʥڻҶͷųҩҶȫС
ؾҶסʥͷŵҩٵתɻʵ
ʥҩ£Ҷʵ̫˾ܣһʥ弶ս޻ʼޡ
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ȫʥҩҶֽɱ˺ˣõ̵˶Уٵʵ
ܿ죬һʱȥˣһʱҶʵõ˼弶ս޻ʾҲֻһ֮ң
Ԫ׼ʥӦͻƵ弶ս޻ʼ˰ɡ
Ҷ罫ɱڸ֣õ׼ʥ˳ȫ̵˶Уٵʵ
ҩ徹Ȼ˿ҩ
Ҷתɻ׼ʥʱԼʵͣͲǰˣüͷ΢΢һ壬óһƿޱ飬һڣ̺Ȼԣϴ壬Ŀҩ
ڣҶȸ˶ʮ飬׼ʥһҩʵ弶ս޻ʼޡ
ʱ죬Ҷ罫ޱħ֮Ѫ˳⿪ӡС
ħǿ֮һѪ̺ޱȵӴ󣬳һƷʥ
ǵħ֮ѪҶйѪ֮ʱһǿħȻϢĳ֣һ͸Լ꺣֮С
ħԣ
оħ֮Ѫг˿µħԣҪռԼʶҶԥԺͻľѹ꺣壬ħ֮Ѫеħԣħ֮ѪħѪƷףս޻ʾ硣
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⡭ԥ
壬ǵʵΣգҲԱշһֻǿޣ˾ͽʵȹŮӿżµĽƣ
ðɣǾͶһΣΣգ뿪
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ӵ˱һĻסԽԽ־壬⡣
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ţٻĽгһƬɲ׺µŵֻʧȥ˷еֱӴӰ׹䵽ɽУˤˣȹŮҲŵòʧأǱڰС
ҾǻǾ뿪ɣҾöɽٵֻʵ³ǵ󣡡
Žн׺ӵŵѪɫѸ뿪
壬ɱʥ⵽˿ֲ׺ֻ޾㲻ҲֻʣһշʱշʧܣҲɱϵıȹŮִŵ˵
˵öԣ˿ֲ췣ֻ޸ƽȹֵðһ˾ͽָ͵
ðɣǾͶһΣϣҪ⣡һ¶˾ģɵһǧ׸ߵɽ壬ԶԶؿžҷص׺ĵصȴ


1318 ս޻
໣
һʯ׺Ϣɽеޣȫµ£ڵأɪɪ
һ̣׺гһ޴ѪӰ˺ѿ׺쳤Х
ǣʲô
ͻȻ׺еѪӰȹŮӵɴ۾һĻסˡ
ѵɽٵĲ޶ˣǸոѪӰֲ۳ģ⵽ʲôڶɽ٣
ӵĪĿ־ȹŮִȴʹֻӲͷƤðյȥ
µѪӰʧ󣬱ѪӰ˺ѵ׺Ҳ֮ʧˡ
Ҷ췣ûɢȥܿ죬յĽƿٵػ㼯һֵڰа賤Х
췣췣Ȼˣѵɽһɻ
ǧ׳죬췣ȹŮӵԺвԼͬðͬͷ۾͸һ˿ȡ
շһǶ˾ͽֲ̫ˣ˵˾ͽܽһԾΪ򶥼
໣
µ㹻η˻Ѫս߰Ҷ磬ҪӵгԽ缫Ҷɱ
ħѪȼգ
ħ֮ѪҶħѪɹףﵽƷһȼգҶֱӿԽڽ֮ﵽǧ
һȭǰĿռܼˮƣµϵطͷŵ췣֮Ӵ
Ѫ֮Ѫںϣ
ͻƱԵԡѪҶûٲ׾˲ȼѪ֮ʵµɱ֮ϴ̺һ͵ľƿ
ڣҶ粻ƣԡѪɱҹӭĳʱں˿µ
ǧ׳飬˾͵⣬ӿ壬辫췣֮͵ľƿˣͻƵս޻ʾ磬͵ⶼõ˴սʮ౶ȫɱؾˡ
ʧˣ޵췣ɢȥˣ
мʧĽƣȹŮӣӵûеʱ䣬׷ٻԵĵЩðյĴҶɽٵ
ţôûǿϢ
Ҷɽ򣬲ȹŮӵ˲δޣǾʱǿ˻Ѫϥʯˣ͸Ҷ磬¶˲;֮ɫ
ôһˣѵոյ췣йأ
ŻѪ·أɫ԰׵Ҷ磬ȹŮӵ˷׷״ո췣ֲ̫Ǹڶɽ١
˾ȻͣϢȴǿҾøոյ췣޹أӦǡ췣Ե췣ˡ
ߣǹȥʣֻɽٵ𣿡ȹŮӳ˼һ£
ţԼȥ
ʵǿֳؿڹ̾Ҷ硣
λѣ֪ô㿴ոնɽٵ𣿡ӿʵ
ոնɽٵѾ뿪ˣǡɳ
Ҷ³һ۾˵
뿪ˡ֪һֻʲôޣ
ҶĻȹŮüͷ΢΢һ壬˹ʵ
Ӧһֻʵֲܿ뻯һòҪǣҶڱ
˾ͽԵˣӵ̾Ϣһź˵
ǧгǵ˾ͽ壿
ҶӺڵе֪ԵһĳǳΪǧгǣ壬ֱΪ˾ͽ壬ܼҺͶżҡ
ڵ֪˳ҵ̲ʯæΪǶΧϤ
ǡ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ҷİʵ
ֻһɢޣȥǧгǡҶ纬˵׼ȥǧг㡣
Ҫȥǧгǣǵ⣿ȹŮӾؿҶ磬ġ
ǴδһͼıʲôҶ΢΢һЦʵ
걾ԵǾһͬ·ɡ
Ҷ磬ӷҶ峺ˣǱʶиоҶ粻򵥣ύͷͬ
òҪǵĻ⣬Ĳ㡣ȹŮؾ
ˣȻŲ£Ҿ߰ɣ
Ҷûǿ󣬻վڰлһӰٵطˡ
Ҳ߰ɣ
ĿҶȥıӰҡҡͷûֲȹŮӣѸֻصķԣιŵҩˣԦ뿪ˡ


1319 
ٷߣҶҵһ˵ĵط뵽ǬУ̾磬͸ӡѪеĵƣŵͼ֮
ڶ½ͼ⾳̫ˣ
͸ѪеĵƣҶ͸ĵͼʮ⾳Ҫõͼʵɱ䣬̫Զ
żͻƵս޻ʾ磬֮ҵѪ֥ƳʥƼϵ
Ѫ֥̫ϡˣµ嶼ûУΪͷۡ
лᣬȥһ֮еϹҩ԰ˣҲûУǾе鷳ˣҶ̾Ϣһ
˾磬͸ӡѪеĵƣҶ뿪Ǭ磬óͼһ·λٻۣǧгǷȥ
ţ
ڷǧгǵ;УҶǿ֮ǰԶ˼£ȴ֣뵽ΣеļˣȻǰ˾ͽһˡ
˾ͽ塭ˣһӰɣϣ˾ͽã
ԥһ£ҶۣԼٶȷ˹ȥ
СˣҲ˺㣬ԹС檣Ҿһ
һɫۣĿݣɱԴõӣѿͣ¶˶ĵĻĿȵؿŲȹŮӾµԸеӣ˵
磬ǿߣֵˣǧҪ䵽ϡ˾ͽĵ˲ȹŮӺǰߴٵ
ƾǣ
¶һ˿̵Цݣ˿缦צһ֣һצ˾ͽоǰĿռˣצâֱץǵ壬ץ

˾ͽ̵ֱץȹŮӷ˱˳۽˳Ⱦָס
£ǧг˾ͽˣɱˣͲ±𣿡û뵽ǰ˵ĿֲӲͷƤ
˾ͽǿ𣿡ЦһҲֻãǻ䡣
µ˭
ӿĻӶ˸ӵĿֻţǲȹŮӣŵɪɪѪɫȥԼˡ
ۣ֪𣿡¶ŶĵĻ°˵
ۡ
֪ǰ֮˵ݣȹŮŵһƨ˵ϣҲŵû£뵽ؿ־С
Сˣܿ㣬ĸܿϧܾң˵Ҹôĥأɺ촽Ŀȵؿ̱ڵϣ¶ѩ״Ⱥ˿˿ĲȹŮӣײе˵
㣬Ҫ뵽ײеֶΣȹŮŵÿ˳˫ȼ¶Ĵ⣬ϵˡ
š
ʧȥĵۣҪɱӣȹŮʱĸ֪һ⼱ٷüͷ΢΢һ壬ݵĴһצ֯צâץ˼ٷҶ硣
ˣ
ۿץѿצâץסҶ磬һ̶ĽĽâҶзӶٵķеӰץצâ赭д۵Ĺ
۾֮ʣǰһҶ̤˲ȹŮӶǰ
˭
ûмҶ磬Ҷ̤ƶٶȴԾ첻µز֮ûмӣ͵۾бݵĹ⣬ضҶ
û°ɣ
ҶûۣĿͶɪɪ·ңѩ׵˫ȫ¶ڿУ¶˴ĲȹŮӵȶ˵
㣬ߣҪǣ
û뵽Σʱ̣ҶͻȻ־ǣԴۣѲһ˿ϣҶ磬
Ҫţڣû˺ǣ߰ɡ
Ҷ·۵˿žĲȹŮӵȶ˵
ҶĻȹŮӶ˴סˣɵ㶵ؿ֪롣
˼ļһŪҶɱˡ
ɺ촽Ź°ԼҶ磬ײе˵
ɱң
Ҷ绺תһۣ˵Уӹɵ˼
£ۣۣʵ뿪ɣҪǣΪҶ粻۵Ŀ£
ԭۣ
֪۵ݣҶϲû¶֮ɫ¶һ˿ս⡣
ţ˭
׽Ҷϵ仯۲һ˿ѰϢڵ֪Լ£¶սˣǷˡ
ܽһȭҾ͸㣬˭
˵ţҶȼħѪͦεһƬħѪʱһ̤˵棬ۺһȭ
һȭռ𶯣ڽһ貵ȭâҷŴĿȭӰױȵĻصغۡ
оҶһȭ֮΢΢ɫѸٽݵ˫صǰӲҶһȭ֮
䣡
ǰĿռһ¡
һɳ˫Ʊ˫У˫΢΢һ˲ܿƵĺˡ
ţʵӦñȳħǿϳȣӦûôһ㡣
űԼһȭ˵ۣҶ¶ЦݣȻ˵


1320 а
㵽ʲôˣ
һסڷѪĿصؿҶ磬Ժвɵøֳһֿȵˡ
ҲֻǸôᣬô
㲻Ѿµҵ𣿡
Ҷ翴۾ף¶˵Цݵ
û뵽ǻطַʽ棡ۿݵ¶ѵõЦݣһսͻ˾硣
紫ԣҶֻ弶ս޻ʾ磬۷ﵽս޻ʣ۾֮ɫŨû̫ľ£Լʵ㲻Ҷ磬ߵġ
ۣûȤҽУ
ͻƵս޻ʾ磬ҶȲҪԼʵʵѵѡ
кβɣǾʵҿ֮׵𣿡
ҶȻ£ҲԼ̣ЦһʹشӦ
֮סҶ磬ôᣡ
۵ĻȹŮӺµҶݣҲµǰ췣ģҶġ
壬˵᲻ᱨң
뵽ԼյȹŮг˿ֻźͺ£ʮֺҶ緢ͻûһͬǧгǣڼӺ塣
İȻϳ֤ûнյϡ
ȻҶ֮ԽԽ죬ӹҶ࣬о۲һɱ֮ˡ
ãó汾°ɣ
Ҷһƣصͼеͼ֮ͼĿҫ۵̫ڰУйĵ⣬һ˲䣬ʵٵµĵⲨſܼˮơ
ҶٻĴͼʵ֮ʣҲʩչǿʥ۳ͼʵ
ȥǱߣ
оҶͷų޵ƣӸоԼѣ±Ƕ˽ֲڵϵĲȹŮӣԶԶضһߡ
ۣСˣ
Ҷһ̤˲ǰĴͼйĵ⣬ˮһӿ˫ȭС

˫ȭڽĴںһ𣬻̣Ťգηۡ
һۿݵ¶ŨŨ֮ɫɱ˫һ˲ˮ۳һöɫӡײϡ
䣡
󹥻ײһ춯صıµ·֧ܱݿһС
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Ҷ籩һѪȼգռе֮ӿ壬һʵ
֮¯
һ֯·Ļ¯ҶͷѹѹۣۺĴɱײһ
ţ֮¯ըµͬǳ׹أռηϵشݿ۵ɱС
⵽˺յıըҲչ¶ǿһ棬ͷͼֱӽǰĿռ䣬֮¯ըγɵĻ֮
ǿ̫ǿˣ޷ս޻ʾܱ˿µĹ
壬˵˭ʤ
ȹŮҲǰһĻҧŷۺɫ촽Ŀתӵ
ǲѷֳʤҸоҶһЩ˵ǵΣӦýˣֻ̫ˡ
ۣһУ
бǿƻ⣬ҶڵսŨȣĴͼһںһ𣬻һƬ󣬶֮УֲĵһΧӿ
ʥ
Ϊ˼ԼĹҶûٲ׾ٻʥȼ֮Ѫں˱һǿѨʥѪ顣
ںʥѪ飬Ҷʵﵽؾˮ׼
Ž裬ͨ£
ʵޣҶ޵еƸ߸ߵԾֳʥնɫ΢ۡ
һնӡŴӡǵ޵йŽն£µĴ֮糱ˮһ۵Ļ꺣Уһ˲һ˿ʧ
ȻָѣݵʧȴʧȥȻòǿֶΣٻ֮Ҷһ
䣡
ľкȻŭ־塣
ǣ
ڹŽ蹥£ʩչķƲϵ飬׺ƥϵس壬ž޴ѹڽڵİˡ
ۣ
ǿƵʮڹŽеͭ괩͸ķݺݵ壬˳ȥ
Ҷ磬Ȼñ£۷
Ҷһˣ۲Ҿôһ仰ٵԶȥ
˶ߣҶû׷ɱһ뿪ңѺ۵գ˱ʵסĲȹŮӶǰ


1321 
ˣǰȫˣ
Ҷ翴ɫнĶˣ΢΢һЦ˵
˾ͽ壬лǰ֮ǰգðǰǰҪһʶԭǵ
ŻۣԼҶ磬ؾһֵ̿˵
ţûǰСǼҶмҪǣϣʵҡ
ǰ˵
Ӷ˰һ˵
˾ͽϤҶʵ
ǰҪȥ棿
֪ҶΪҪͬˣĿȥһյ档
ţȥΧתת֪˾ͽ԰𣿡Ҷ˵ͷ
ǰǳΣգûжٻԵ˾ͽЩ꣬Χ˲ٸ֣Ҳûжջ񣬲ǰҪȥ棬ҿԽΧͼ㡣ȹŮӾηؿһҶףҧһ±촽
л
ҶҪľΧͼõͼԽʡʱ䡣
ҲռǱˣŹŵ͸ǣ
ӲȹŮеõΧͼҶҲûģóŹŵ͸˲ȹŮӶˣǱǣٻֱۣǰ档
ͼϸ˾ͽ꾡ĵͼӦúķ˲Ѫ
бע꾡ĵͼҶ¶Цݣϸϸоһȷ·ߡ
Լվ۴ͷҶ磬ǰһƬĺ˴Ƭ򣬶һյأ˵ѹſ´ڵ档
ڵˣ
űڵ棬ҶǿиоصĽɽ֮ǿеѹ
ԳţԼɿճǿɿȫ⴩ƶ
ҶֲֳۣȹŮͼһ·λǰȷ·ߣԼٶȷɽ棬ڳźƵмٷУѰ̲ʯ
̫ˣǿĽƴԵĸ֪Ҷ簴յͼעѰʮʱ䣬ɱֻǿ޺δһ̲ʯҵһ̲ʯȴժֵƵݡ
ѵΧ̲ʯ󶼱ڿˣ
Ѱ̲ʯʧܣҶԥһ£Щðյ룬Ѱ̲ʯ
ڣԺɿճ棬ƽʮǿĿռƣɱ˲ٿµ뵽̲ʯûɫص̲ʯ
ܵǿӰ죬Ҷľ类ѹƵ˶ս޻ʣڻٶȻޱȡ
ţ⼸̲ʯ涼ǿյģ
ҶԣһһӦûص̲ʯʱտҲû̲űء
ݵԣͷ͸̲ʯʱҶҲûз̲ʯ¶ʧ֮ɫѰ̲ʯ
˻
ͻȻһ̶˻һֻУ˼޵ȼ߱Ҷ羪ѣſѪڣҧҶ磬ҪôҶʳ
˼½ֲĴڣҶȣʵѹƣҲǰ˼˺ġ
һָµָâͶߵԴУƶ
ɿճѾǧ࣬һԽԽǿĽʱҶ翿˱ŨŨ֣ʵδ֪鲼ᾹʯģܵǿƵӰ죬ʵѹƵ硣
ţħѪ궯
վڱڵıԵҶķ֣ԼڵħѪܵһӰ죬Ī궯
ѵѹħ
ס궯ħѪҶԼµ࣬ˣԾǺεȴܣȻһħѹ
ЩðսʱͻȻоռҵĲһǿĽˣγϯصϫϯ
ã
ܵѹƣҶʵƵ˼ޣұϫϯ棬ԥ뵽Ǭжء
ȻΣգʵѹƵ£Ҫסϫܣ
ҶµоԼĿǰʵ»Σգò׼뿪
ԼʱƻǿϫʧˣҶץסʱ뿪ǬѸȥϫγǰ뿪ġ
Ҫʱҵ̲ʯ󣬼ˣ㵢ʱ䣬ȥǧг
һҶε̾Ϣһ˼Ѱ̲ʯͷʱ·ߣΧȥ
Ҷ뿪ʱͻȻ궯Ѫֱ̲񷣬ӵħѪҶ硣
һ̣µĵͬʱ֣ʵʵ⣬ѹָֻƽ


1322 ̲ʯ
ǧгǣԵΨһһǳأȻƽʱǧгǵʿ࣬干ͬŬ£ǧгȻݻ㡣
˲ٹ뿪Σķ棬Ҷ򵥻ָһĵĻռ꣬ǽ糤̵ǧгǡ
󣡡
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ȥ˾ͽ忴ɣҲ˾ͽ壬ŪŲ̲ʯ
Ҷ緢֣ǧгǱе̲ʯ٣ûмֵûٵʱ䣬˾ͽ帮⡣
վס˭
İҶ磬ɫ׵סʵ
˾ͽ壬֪𣿡
Ҷ翴Ҳ˵
ѣ
뵽˾ͽ˾ͽոջҶû¶⣬۾֮ɫ˲٣ʵ
ţ鷳æͨһ˵һҶҶ˵ͷ˵
ãţȥԸ𣿡
˾ͽΪǧг֮һ˾ͽǧгǵĵλߣʲô˶ܼġ
ܿ죬˾ͽ帮ˣ˾ͽ壬˾ͽԼ˾ͽ߲׷˾ͽ帮⹧ӭҶ磬ŵһ
˾ͽ帮֮ãǻδ˾ͽһˣ˾ͽһʮֹĽҶ˾ͽ帮
˾ͽ˾ͽԶݼҶǰ
ȻҶͲ󣬵һֿ֮ˣԣƾڣ׳֮ף˾ͽԶѴ󣬹Ծӡ
˾ͽˣǰҵ˾ͽǽְɡ鹧˾ͽԶˣҶ絭˵
ǾͶҶӰɣ
Ҷ̫죬˾ͽԶһٸӣҲֱ֡
Ҷӣ֪˾ͽ壬ʲôΪЧ͵𣿡˾ͽΪҶ絹һ裬ʵ
һЩ̲ʯ֪˾ͽ𣿡Ҷ翪żɽ˵
У˾ͽ嵹Ǵ̲ʯ̲ʯʯʮּӲһȻδƿʯǣõ̲صıأҪǿԽ̲ʯ͸㣡
˾ͽԶҶôһҧ󷽵˵
ܲҿ̲ʯҶ۾һ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ԵƬ̣ȥ̲ʯȡ
˾ͽԶûԥǰ˲ر⣬ȡ˴нʮ̲ʯ
Ҷɨһ̬죬Сһ̲ʯ۾ԸӦӦ̲ʯʵ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷ۾һȭͷС̲ʯһԲΣ׳̲ʯ
˾ͽҪ̲ʯ˾ͽ۰ɣҶָԼѡе̲ʯ˵
Ҷӿˣ˴ۣܺСŮ̲ʯ͸ˣ
Ȼ˾ͽԶоҶѡ̲ʯֵƣʵޣ޷ƿ̲ʯ͸Ҷ磬һԵ
ҲմǱˣҾĿŹŵŵнɡ
Ҷ֪Լѡ̲ʯļֵó˹ŵ͹ŵ͸˾ͽԶ
Ҷӣ⣬̫ˣ
˾ͽȻǧг֮һǧгֻͳǳأûܣʵܼǿһЩŵ˵֮õҶĹŵŵ˾ͽʵһء
˾ͽ֪㻹ܰæһЩ̲ʯ𣿡Ҷ翴鼤˾ͽԶ˵кʵ̲ʯһԸ߼չ
İҶӣͨΪ̲ʯ˾ͽԶظ֤
˾ͽͨΪҶռ̲ʯʱҶס˾ͽ帮֪ݵ˲࣬˾ͽԶֿԷʧǧгǲ֪Ϣ
˾ͽԶŬ£̲ʯ˵ҶסԺӣ̲ʯļʼͣҶ۽ּߣٿ̲ʯУѡһ̲ʯ
ҶӣҼǧге̲ʯˣСԺжѻɽ̲ʯ˾ͽԶ˵
˾ͽˣһŵɣ
ŵҶ˵ã˾ͽѡе̲ʯֵƣóһɱ˵õĹŵ͸˾ͽԶ
ллҶӣ
˾ͽԶ˫ֽӹŵĵĸм
˾ͽҹͻ뿪ǧгǣǰҿ԰һ£
Ҷ֪˾ͽԶܶʱô̲ʯķ˼Ƿ̫飬˵
Ҷӣһм㣡˾ͽԶһ
˾ͽ˵Ҷ
ǰã˾ͽǧгⷢһĹ׼ھʱȴСıܼҺͶżҵ֪Ϊ˵õĹеĶѹ˾ͽ壬ҪռĹ֪ҶӿɷΪ˾ͽڳĹƷ˾ͽԶ
ԣ͵֣ȥĹҶ˵ͷʹشӦ
ллҶӣ
˾ͽԶдϲҶ򣬲ܼңżٸҴĹע⣬עҪԱճ


1323 Ĺ
ɽǧгһߴǧ׵ΡɽɽֲŨܣľɽһ⻬羵絶ɽڣɽҲ˵
ҶӣǰƬľ֣͵˾ͽ巢ֵĹܼҺͶżҵִֽҪһݸԹĹһֱһͬ
˾ͽԶָǰһƬïʢĹľԣ˵
ֻҪĹ˾ͽȷֵģߣҶ翴ǰƮŨŨɽ֣ӹɵĿ˵
лҶӣ
Ҷ˾ͽԶʮ㡣

ػĹ˾ͽ֣˾ͽԶ˾ͽһ˾ͽֵǰ
ʮ˾ͽֵ˵ͷ˾ͽԶĿͶػڹĹܵĲܼҺͶżҵˣ˵Ĺ˾ͽȷֵģչأĹ˾ͽУ뿪
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鲼¶ɭȻЦݣͷ罣ĳָףһһõĲӰ˴ʧɫ׷׺˵˾ͽ֣׼ɱ䡣


1324 Ȳ
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Ȼûгܡң˾ͽջõõѹܡңΪǧгǵһ壬˽ĽѵܡҲҰġ
˾ͽλˣڣ
ص˾ͽ帮ҶûоôǱ˾ͽԶ˾ͽˣӰ뿪ǧгǡ


1325 ȥ
һֺ籡޾ƺҫۣܳϿա
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һҹʱܿȥʱ֣һֺԾƶˣմء
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ʮһҼ۵۴Խ˿ռƣھǵϿա


1326 콣֮Σ
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Ҷ٣ȥģ
ʶҶֶΣӰȫ۷ʵ
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1327 ͷ
콣ɽ½Ĵɽ֮һ⣬콣ɽ֮Ϊ½Ĵʥ֮һ콣ͽ콣ɽС
콣ʮ꣬½нʥأ콣ϹĪɣǺųƶ½һˣһĪ⡣
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1328 ˿ɵ
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üͷ΢΢һ壬°Ҷ磬ϵ䡣
ҶҶ磬Ҷ磡
һֱصĺ첻ʶҶ磬лϳ¶˾֮ɫʧ̬Ĵ󺰵
û뵽ȥˣ˼ǵң
Ҷ¶˵Цݣͫ׵ŹԲĶϣ˵
ԭҶ磬þˣ
ɫһһ̻󺣵Ĺͼֳ壬Ҷ硣
ôŭͶһŵûд𣿡
źٻĵͼҶ¶һ˿֮ɫҪ˵׼ʥ˺ֺ
ס㣬ҿ㻹Ӳ𣿡
˵źͼھѪ˺ͼǿĹӳ󺣰ĺ嫵ɱҶ硣
ƾ㣬ҲҶٽ֣
ӰһҶǰһ֮ͼֳ֣ͷų޾ĵ֮ƣ˺˺ͼͷŵĵײ˺ͼϣֱӽ˺˵Ѻۣ
˾
Ӱֵ˲䣬Ƴۣ̤ѥȲ۾б⣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ƿˣɫʵû뵽ֶ½
ƾ㻹֪ӵݣӰԵػӦ

үӰŭɽ緢
һͼֳ壬ֳһƷȼĳǹգһ⣬Ӱ
һǹӰһƷȼ˫ӭȥڰмս
½ĿռԶụ̂Ӱ֮ļսݻһУƬƬĿռݣϯµ콣ɽ
ʲôˣΪη콣ɽΪβ
ץסʱ˵ĽĪɣо콣ɽҵĲ¶˾֮ɫԥһ£Щðյ뿪˲Ѻ۵Ļڴ鿴
뿪콣ʱǰһĻˡ
ĿԶĿռ·鲣һ㣬˴ĺõӰݵĿռмҵɱ
һˣ޵֮شӡ
һ˭أ


1329 
צ
ս˰ʱ䣬δѹӰʧȥģȼǿѪ֮仯ͷ۵ռ̬ٻһ׵ĹŵɢĹ⣬ץӰ
ӰȻʵףֻһɢޣϲ޹ŵץյצֳֻ˫̵ȫ
䣡
ӰĹŵצץˣһצâֱƿ壬Ѫ
צץӰӳʤ׷צҪһɱ
Ӱŵ㣡
ӰΣգҶٻ˹ŵϽͭ꣬Ӱ
ŵ
Ҷ羹ȻٻŵӰŵƷʼѣɫ΢΢һ䣬˱仯
лҶ٣
õŵϲץ۵Ӱдϲŵӭץצ
ӰֺãҾͽŵ㡣ĴϲӰҶЦЦ˵
ллҶ٣
ӰĻŭţ֮ͼͷ֮ͼڽŵУŵ֮ɱɫصӡ
⵽Ͻͭ˫عצȫƣӻӶۣһͬȻѹơ
ʲôһɱˣ
Ʊѹƣž޴ѹӴ
үɱУ
ȻӰʵֲ첻ΥӵŶʮ֣ΧɱӰ
ˡ
ڶΧɱӰʱһɿֲѣǻ꺣УͬʱΡ
⣬ôˣ
һֺ׵ĴӰ棬۾һɣ¶˻ģǰһĻ
һĻӰɱҲ¶˾֮ɫ⡣
ץסӷ֮ʣӰƹŵͭſռ䣬缫תݣײӣһ˳ȥ
һ˿ϢĻᣬϱϽѹסצѹӲϵ׹档
붯ӡǿϽʱӰЯףݺݵغϣƤ役ڡ
˵˭Ϊڹؼʱ콣
Īɿ׹أˣüͷǽšһ𣬴ĦӰĿġ
ˣʮ
ˣӲҾô˽ɵĺ죬ʩչѪݾܡ
ܵõ𣿡
Ҷ̤ͻȻǰ±֮Ӳ˻ȥ
ô㻹ɱңȫѪŭҶ磬һҳ£ڶ½ĸһǾ塣
𣿡Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫ½ģһλؾү
¶һ˿԰ЦݵǬڶ߻ü
Ȼ½뵽ǬشѵһĻҶ۾͸ŨŨɱ⣬ݿܵ㲻͸ǸƥѶ콣
ʲô
۾һɣɵۣоķչȫΪǬҶû뵽ҶȴǬ
Ҫʲôг˿ֻţԺиֳһ󵨵ͷòҪɱүɡ
ҵĻϲظڶ飬ǬǾͱɱ㣡ĿɿڴӣҶؾ
ѪȼգѪݣ
Ҷ䣬̺˫һֱ߶ϵĸоܵᵽΣգˣȼȫѪʩչѪݼܡ
ɫǲʵˡ
Ҷлŷγ˿µѣ֮ݺݵغĻ꺣УǿҵѣθС
ָʱҶڽ֮ȭͷϵغϣ壬档
׹棬ҳһʱѾΣʣ°Ѫ
ҸһᣬǬѶ콣ٲһ㣡Ҷ䵽ߣݿܵ
ңҴѶ
ӿ־ˣѪ֣ץ˴Ѷ飬ǬѶ
ܿ죬ϵǬҶɭȻĿע£Ǭ
ңѾϵүүǺܿͻǲǿԷң޸̬߰־ؿҶ磬ҶܷŹ
Ǭ˵
ҶӳһƣӣɫҰףӲĺǰ
ģ
ȻԴҲ벻̶̼ʱ䣬ҶΪα˿ֲΪ˻첻òġ
ģҲɱ㣬콣˻᲻㣬޹ˣ
Ҷ̤ںͷǿĵɽסСһ㣬콣ȥ


1330 ּ
лλ֮콣û
Ҷһź죬һŻԲѵӣľĽĪʱĪɻعм˵
ǰؿ뽣Ī֮ˡ
Ҷ翴ŵĽĪɣ΢΢һЦ˵
ǽѣ
Īѩ׵üëһ£Щʧ̬ľ
δ˵ôѣҶἰ԰˼֡
ǰȥ콣˵ɣҶЦ˵
ã
Īɵ˵ͷ콣ǿƣҶӰɵ콣С
硭
Ÿ潣Īɷɽ콣Ҷ磬ɵˣʹ۾Լûۻ֮ʧٺܾõҶ硣
þò
鼤ĽҶ¶Цݣ˵ϣ˹ȥ
磬ôһɻʵ
Σգ˹ҶЦ˵ãĻ㼰ʱ
Ҷ硭
ҶĳƺĪɸӵ𾪣Ҷ硣
޷󣬵뽣ʵ൱Ҷ磬̶̼ʱ䣬ͳɳ㾳磬ɱ˾ͬɱ
ҶҶӣϹζҵĴѬģҰɱ˫ۣңΪ˻첻棬ϵġ
죬㻹ǵĿˡǳǣ𣿡ŭŲ㽫콣ԨףɱȻ˵
ӣֻҪǿϷңҴӦ콣ĸӹᱳѣһͳ½һҧ׳һ޴ջ
콣ûôҰģûȤƿض½Į˵ʦɱɡ
Ҫ쿴ΪʱҶ磬ҶӣҰɣԸպ㣬Զ̷㡣
ߣƾҲ̷Ҷ٣Ӱһǲ̫Լˡ
ҡ
Ҷӣ֪Ҫδ
ҶܻģĪɲ˽ѯҶ
ǰǴãңҪǬҶɨһѪɫĺ죬һ˿˵
ô½ģĸ֣Īɵɫ΢䣬æʵ
ţ֮ˣ֮ˣǬҶ˵ͷ˵
磬ǬʵΣɫص˵˵ʵ̫ǿֻ콣
ǬؾܡҶʵ˵
ؾ
콣
˾ǿѾңʣУؾУͬ飬ð
ϹҺǬϵǿϷңԸΪԼ䣬γͻصĽĪɵˣ쿴һ˿⣬æ
ߣһ˶ѣֻҪ콣ɣҶһм˵
ʲô
ҶĻ쾪ںը죬ͬʩ˶ӲվԭأһƬհס
챻ҶĻĪɵҲ¶˲˼֮ɫĿɿڴؿҶ磬޷ӵлɱؾʵ
磬ѵתһסĵʵ
ûתԸؾܲ⡣ҶҡҡͷλǬ־ͽˣԼ콣ɽеĶ֣ǴãڵˣҲ顣
İҶӣ֪ôĪɵ˵ͷ˺˵̡
ҶӰס콣ĵصȴǬĵ
ȴڼ䣬Ҷûģֱ͸˽ͽĪһŵԼٴ򵥽ԼЩ
ĪɵҲûҶʧû飬նɱ˺ˡ
һ˶ĸ
ˣ궫½µĴʥأʣ콣¼ңɽҶ磬˳˶½̨
Լʱ䣬ɿµϢ콣ɽϿգ콣ò콣Ӵ
ˣ
оֵϢ֣콣Ҷ˫ۣ廨һϢӣӰڰС
㡭
Ǭ̤գסԼ֮ʱͫ΢¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ǭּˡ
ŵɱѺԼǬҶ˫бâ絶Ӱ̽ǬĶС
û뵽СҲзһ졣ˣ㲻кˣ
뵽ҶǬ۾¶̰֮ɫɭȻ˵
ҵĻѷɣ
Ҷ΢΢ַ̣Ǭ棬ӵԴ̤Ǭ˹


1331 ĵս

ǬҶͻϮһƷȼ̻Ƶߵ˽Ҷ硣
ͣ
Ҷ屻Ʒ̴Ҷϣȴû¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫ
ٶȲӰ
Ǭüͷһƣû뵽Ҷƶٶô죬˲ûٶȲӰƭԼ
ѣ
̤ƭǬҶлŷγǿѣ֮ߺǬꡣ
ȻǬ꾳缫ߣͻѣǸоͷӦһ˿ٻ
ħѪȼգ
ץס˲ֵĻᣬҶȼħѪֳʥ͵Ĺ
еĳķ裬ͬ꣬಻׽ȫǬ档
׾Ż
Σʱ̣عǬбһظ߹һصףޱߵΣϵغҶ̳Ľâڰмҵɱ
һֽն
ǬǿƵסҶ಻ĽâʱҶϱУʥںһһ˺˿ռ䣬ſµĵ⣬Ǭؿѣȫ
ͣ
ҶһǬǰļƷϣڽԼĴⱬˣӲ˼ƷǬڽڰˡ
Ʒʥ㾹ʥ
ŶѳصļƷǬˣҶ羹ʥ
촸
Ǭ֮ʣҶĴͼٻ׼ʥ촸Ƶͼڽ촸У촸Ĺھ֮Ǭ
һ£һΡĸɽǬϣµǬڽڰˣΧĿռ䣬촸£Ϸź
Ѫȼգͷۣ
Ǭû뵽Ҷϵıô࣬ԥȼѪ仯ǿͷռֳ̬ŵҶ硣
Ǭδ̫ˣȻ׼ʥûУ
ǬķҶ粢ţѸٻӵǰֵǬˮĹơ
ˣ
ҵǬ˴ʯµ쳹죬ǬƬ˵Ѫۣ͸Ѫ
һ׼ʥôô౦
ʶӵǬĸӵ𾪣ҶǲǼ̳Ϊ쾳ܵ²Ȼʵͣӵô౦
̣
Ǭ֮ʣҶ˵׼ʥһ趯ǰɽ̸ֳҶ壬ӳһµ⣬ǬٴοĹơ
ʲôһ֣ɱ˴ˣ
ʶҶĵ̣ƿصĵƣǬĲˣĸ֣Χɱ
ߣ˶𣿡
Ҷһƽս޷ѳ壬֡
Ȼˣ˾ܣƽսĹؾܣһȭ֮ܵ
һеȭâһ˾ӲˣڰлһѪ
㣬㵽׵õ˺˵ĴС
ʶƽսǬĲˣʧ̬ľ
û뵽̶ʱ䣬Ҷ羹Ȼ£вԼ
Ǭķϻǲ̫ˣ
ҶһãĴͼںһ𣬻һƬԴԴ׼ʥע⣬׼ʥǬȫѹơ
ӡ
ס׼ʥĹǬѸŵǿӻҶ繥Ƶͬʱ붯۳һֻ룬̤ſռ䣬ײ׼ʥ
Ǭȫ£Ҷٿص׼ʥӲ˻ȥץסᣬǬʩչɱУھзҪѹҶ硣

ǬʩչɱбƽҶʱǰһͻȻҶ磬һһ
ܷӦʩչɱкҶ羵ʱҶٴδ̳һֽնһķ̴ؿڣѪؿڴ˳
ʩչͨƭǬˣҶʤ׷ٿ׼ʥǬȫѹơ
Ѫ
Σʱ̣˵ǬóһѪɫĹʵѸ̵˶УųǿѪ֮Ĺʵȶƣʵ

ʵǵޣǬһ޾Ѫ͵籡壬ڰлһֻ䲻룬ηĻ֮Ҷ緢һ
ʥѪ飬ڣ
һҶ粻Ҵ⣬ںʥѪ飬ȼ֮Ѫʩչӭȥ
һʱ䣬гޡ
ȫɢŴĿѪѪŤǧ׳죬صײһ𣬱޾µĹâ羪κһ㣬ϯշ˴ݣĩһ㡣


1332 Ǭ
찡ҿʲôǾȻսܴﵽĸ߶𣿡
̫ˣĿĵսҾҲĿˣ
콣ĿҶǬѪ룬ڰɱһĻסˣȫɴ۾Ŀսز
ųƶ½һĽĪɣҲоĵĲС
䣡
һ춯صıըը졣
ֲϵشݻȻ콣ĿؽƣܵǵӿµĻؽƱ飬콣ɽǻĽв
ǬǬ꣡
Ʒʥ½ۣŻ֮Ҷٻ˾žŰʮһǬ֮˴ĿĽ꣬͸Ż籩Ǭ
񲻿ɵǬһƵʩչĴɱУӰն˲Ѻ۵Ŀռϡ
ܣ
ѪʩչµĹȻҶ磬Ǭĵ뵽˵͹ȣѸٻһƣһߺķʮʱ䣬ƶɣӲȿ׼ʥܡ
ɱ
ǬˣھѪԶԿؾܵĿܹҶ硣
ܣ𣡡
̤նҶٻ˽ӭȥ
ںƷ쾧ܵĹﵽ쾳ڴܵˮ׼
һ£ʥһռѺ۰Ľâ˺գһܼӲϡ
꣡
ܽһӲȴﵽ׼ʥˮ׼ܱն˳ȥһؽ۳ϣϵӡ
⣬ⲻܣôôµķ
Ǭ֪ܵķؾܣֳʥƿķһȴܽѣնɡ
ʧ̬֮ʣƽսƲɵĻɱ֣ӶӲӵȭͷױȵƻŹ
ǬƽսʱʮһǬ֮ںһݻشĹĻն
һն£ɽϣرɫµǬòȫӲǬһ
ȻԵʵסҶնǬһƽһأѪ硣
ǬҵҪֵܵҼ
һ䣬Ҷϵ󺣰磬ƺƴĴתû뵽ʥУҶĹ
ͭڽʥʱҶĹɱĵѪǬ

һâն䣬գɱ⼱ٵݣﲻƣأһЯ޾ĵ̣һնǳ޿ɱܵǬնɳʮԶ
Ǭ׹ããȺɽ֮ʱҶٻ˽һâԣֳʥ
̫ǿˣҶʵ̫ǿˣȻؾܣ⼸ôģ
ҵЩ꣬еˣֻ߳ȥ߳һƬµأ
Īɵ˱Ҷʵ۷Ҳᶨȥľġ
ܣ
ֵסҶĹƣصǬٻ˱ɵܣǰ
Ǭ˭Ȳ㣬ɣ
ҶƽսһһҹǬ͵Ĺһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ɱң±ӰɣǬ۾ɱһͻȻܳҶͻƽսڿǵ˲䣬ͻȻܡ
䣡
ܱըˣµ˲ݻ˷ԲĿռ䣬֧ռеﶼݻ١
أôˣ
°ɣ
űըĿռ䣬˷Ҷ磬ƽս񲻼Ӱ¶˿ֻ֮ɫ
Ҷ£ŭǬŹ콣˵Ҷغ콣İΣ
ˣˣ
أǬҶʧΪըһĿɭȻؿ־콣ˡ
ͻȻϵĿռгһӰոʧҶĳˡ
㣬ôû£
ź˵Ҷ磬ǬɵֱۣӴסˡ
ѵʲôҶ˵
ռ֮
ǬһͻˣڸոսУȻҶӵһ᲻ɴݵĿռ֮
Ѫݣ
ƾδɱҶ磬ǬˣȼѪҪ
ҶٶԶʤҶһͼ֣ҶסʩչѪܵǬֳʥ
һǬ֮ɱƣز̻ŴӡǵǬ֮䣬ϽǬնɣѪģ
֮飬Ͼ
ǬҶһնɣʧʱҶں֮飬һȭǬؿڣعǵͬʱϾ
СϷһµɣ
֮ϾǬûģǲˣͻȻסҶ磬ҪԱҶһͬµ
סҶ˲䣬ǧ緢ĻɽҶбӲ˫ۡ
ѪӣǱҶһ߷˳ȥ
أ
ǬһѪɫ̫ڰб壬һѪ


1333 
պҶ뿪콣Ԧǰ˶
ǬȺףҶɱض֣ϴ˶ر⡣
ţҶͣǰѹرɽŵľɽ˺˽ƣֽɽرϴһա
ѪӣӰǣ½ͽˡ
ԾԵ˾ɽҶ罫ɱ¾֮Ӱ;ż޶ԾɽΪʳɽ¼ҿƵΧƿض½Դ
İҶ٣ʮ꣬ö½Ϊĺ԰ɱ¾֮ظ֤
ãһСģ޷Կĵˣȥ½ħƻ֪ͨң
Ҷɱ¾֮˲ԴԦ뿪˾ɽǰ½
պٶȼۣԽɵ½
ħƣ½İ㰵ƿ½ӦòѰɡҶ翴ɫۣ΢΢Щħƣ˵
û⣬꣬Ҿܽ½ƿУħظ֤
ãýëԳЭ㣬½ԴҶ˵ͷǴԴǷֿԦֱۣǰ½һյ֮
ţ֮ôôˣ
ҶԦۣڱ֣ʵ½һյ֮ʱǿ֮Ӱ¶֮ɫ
֮ųһ˽֮ʮҿ
ۣҶ֮⣬ͽΣգž֮յ֮ȥ
վסǺˣʲô
Ҷߵ֣Ī־֮ʱһĸƤСɫ˫ȻԲ޳Ұ֮Ůŭһۣǳ
ô֮˽أ˲𣿡ӭŮӳҶ΢΢һЦ˵
֮Һħڵĵ̣˲ڣŮӰԵػӦ
ħڣûҶҡҡͷҷȰһ仰֮򣬲ССƿصģǵʵҪõ֮ĻԵ졣
󵨣ҺħڣҿĲͷˣ
Ůӱŭˣһֻɢź޸ֳ壬ںһʱ޳˫͵ط֯ȷ磬Ҷ硣
ƢСʵе
һԲϾͶֵŮӣҶҡҡͷӡһƣըؿƵŮӰһ޳Ĵȣ˳ȥˤ˰Զ
ʦá
ˤڵϣʹధŮӣϥĺħھ¶֮ɫ׷ںϸԵޣٻһ׵ΧҶ硣
ҽãɱˣȰòҪ֡
һŭĺħڸ֣Ҷɫ䣬ؾ
Ҷ罣˫͸һ˿ɱ⣬һħڸᵽŨŨΣϢܵĸе˿־壬һʱ䲻ҿ
໡
ҶסħˣҪ֮ʱһײе޺ںѹѹ֮
һ̣һѪĿӣЩǱĴ֮
һֻ׶೤ͨɫŵ¶ų˼޵ȼ޺ڱ׷ɱ֮⡣
ʯ
űڱ׷ɱΣյӣҶ¶֮ɫû뵽֮˹ˡ
ʲôһֻ˼ޣ뿪
أ󱳱ڱץѿѪۣ¶ɭ׹ͷĺʯźħ˴
ͻȻһӰںʯǰҶ̤ͻȻڰ˼޺ڱǰӶһƣֱӽײеĺڱɵ˰С
໣
ʧأڰеĺڱһµͻȻķѣһѪС
⡭
Ҫܵĺħڸ֣ǰһĻˣǵɴ˫ۣ񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬µʵ
ոձҶһķɵŮӣ¶˺֮ɫҲû뵽Լ൱Ҷ磬˵Ŀֲһʹһֻ˼ޡ
˱Ҷ羪˵ʵסʱҶ绺ת˴ľĺʯЦ˵ʯּˡ
Ҷ硭
ҶϤףʯ۾ԽԽû뵽һɱ˼޺ڱ˻ʧܾõҶ硣
ʯħ
ĿɿڴĺʯҶЦЦʵ
ħʦعĺʯҶ磬ﵽ˺εȾ硣
ս޻ʣҶʵ˵
̶̼깦㾹Ȼս޻ʾˣ
ʯһոҪΧҶĺħڸָ¶˺¡
һս޻о޵еĴڣս޻ǿ졣
Ҷ磬ܲҽ֮ʦǰҺʦֻ֮µޣʦΪңסޣ»Σգ
֪Ҷľ磬ʯ
ԣ֮򣡡
Ҷ˵ͷΪһƣΣķž֮ص֮С


1334 ֮
֮ô࣡
źʯ˳ŨŨ֮Ҷ緢ֺ̺ʴ˲٣幹˺
ҷʦˣǹȥ
ݵǧ⣬оħ˵Ϣһץסʯǿ׳ֱۣ˹ȥ
ʱѪϲץ۵ħˣƴ趯ȱڵѪɷ쵶ֻ˼޵Ĺ
ȻЩħս޻۷壬֮ߵľ磬ߡ
˼൱ս޻ʣħܺӰ죬⵽ֻ˼ΧħƲϼأ
ħն
ֵסֻ˼͹ħһȼѪ޻̬ʩչյǿһ
ŵſĵâݹ䣬صնֻ˼ޣҪǱˣȡܵʱ䡣
໣
һֻϲӲʯ峤ʮףβ׶̵ޣѿѪڣ̤ʯĵӭȥԼӲ壬Ӳħʩչķħն
䣡
ŵħ֮ն䣬޺ϺʯƤնѣ˴Ѫ
ֻʯֲ̫ħʩչħնȻնȴ޷ش
е󱳾ʹȫŭʯޣһ㹥ħˡ
֮£أħֻȫܡ
ܵ˲䣬ֻײе޳ˣеܿռ䣬һ
֮ʣħ˼еǱȼѪ֮ķӲĿ
䣡
ıħƴȫס޵һҲµȫľѪ˵ϣɥʧս֮
ѵｫϷɥ֮أ
ѣʧȥսħ¶˾֮ɫ̰ͼ֮еĴԵ
ҪԱֻ˼޷һʱ콣âӰ䣬նײеޡ
ǿĽýâնĿռռ·Ҫϸǳؽۡ
ˣֻ޶ˣǺηܳ־ңħ˵ɴ˫ۣűâֻ˼ޣɵˡ
ʦ
ħ˱ǰһĻʱһеĶУĿĺʯԼٶȷ˹
ôѵովҵģĸ֣Ŵֵĺʯħ˳Ծʵ
ʦǳ㣡
ʯħûд󰭣һʶҶʵ۷
ʯ֮Ⱦָģȥɣ
Ҷһȳ֣Ӹ˺ʯһƿ΢΢һʧںС
⣬Ҷ磬ôô
ħ˿һţʧǰҶ磬·׵УĿࡣ
ž룬켫鷳ޱȵˣһ˺ƿռķУϵع塣
Ҷ罫쾳磬弸Խŵ֮е֮κεΣգٵȶ𣬴ܼϮ֮֮ȥ
ţǳľ
֮ٷһʱҶǿдһǿƣһһ׶ߣ˸ŵǹ⣬ûҶ֦߲Ĺľ
ľǶ½һּϡٵĴǳľ
֮һǳľ
Ҷ۾һӿٶȷ˹ҪֱӽǳľڳƵǬС
ˣ
Ҷ翿ǳľʱǰ˴˵Ļ棬һɫɴȹƤ糺죬ı˵˫֣͸Ž֮Ůӳǰ
Ůӣǽ̡
ؿҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ˵һŮ߻ҶĻУҶȫϸ
ˡ
ڡٰ̡ҶʱһǿҶ꺣бŷݺݵغϣֱӽˣγǿĻ
ΪʲôҿĻ̣
ʩչѣ˻ûġ̡֮ԲҶҡҡͷ¶һ˿ɬЦݡ
ǳľΧĻ֮Ҷ罫شʮǳľƵǬУ֮ȥ
Ȼ̣Ҷ˲ǿ͵Ϯ̫£֮еޣвԡ
أռгһɸԵ֮صġ
Ҫˣ
ҶûмٶȣŷԽſռƣʱٷУҶ紩ŨŨĺһƬţѹĿռС
֮Χ򣬵ʥ롣


1335 ʥ
¡¡
Ҷ֮ΧʱͻȻоҵĲһ޴Ѻ۱ŵ档
ʥ롣
ҶǿڿٱѵĵطиоһɿֲϢɫ΢΢һ䣬¶֮ɫ
꾳ҶѾ׼ȷظоʥĵȼ֮еֻ룬¼ʥޣһֻ쾳ܵмʥޡ
΢࣬ô㣬ϴ㲻㾹Ȼ
һž޴Դ¶ðȻĵط죬̤ڰеҶ磬ʥϳײеµҶĤģ۲ѡ
Ѫȼգ
Ž¶ðȻ棬Ļ룬Ҷϵȼ˽ѪٶȣڰлһĨ⣬Լٶ֮ȥ
ߣ
һȼŻǰ֫ݺݵĴ˼ӲĵϣʱһµĴˣһֱ̲񷣬Ҷ磬ӲĴС
΢࣬Թɣ
סҶ磬ʮ׳Ļ˺ѿȼȻĵط죬ڰУʥĻ棬Ҷ硣
Ȼʥʥϳʥ籡Ҷ壬ǰٵػ㼯γһ޴УϽʥɽ
ʥʥסʵշʥ飡
֪շʥʥ׵Ѷȣ¶֮ɫԾı¡
֮ŭ
ʱˮҶ壬ʥϳʥںһγΪ֮Ļ֮ŭ𣬺ɱ˻롣
䣡
֮ŭʥײһնʱģŤ
ܣƽսڣǬ򣬻ޣٳң
ʵֲ̫ҶǶ֣Ѹٽٻ˳֮Χ롣
ռ䱦
˺Ťռ֮ʣڣǬ˵ӰµҶӵпռ䱦ӵĳԾ
࣬ҵСˣٶİҲûãֶͨ죬Ҳı䲻ʲô
ͭ۱Ѫɫѹſռ䣬Ҷ˷͵ĹҪԵɱҶˣػ֮ܡ
ϢҶܺͻƽսһһӭȥ
᲻ɴݵֵס뷢һʱƽսӳ̫ҪĿĹâһɫȭâһУӴ
Ҷ磬ڣҲʱٻ˸Եʥ׼ʥӸǶȹӴ
֮쾳ܵĻ뱻صغ˳ȥ鲼ȫɫƬ˴ˣٵط͸Ѫ
ս̬
ˣȫŭ˻룬ȼѪ֮ǿս̬µɽһ㣬˲ɺĴ
һһɳͨɫ̻Ź·ƷʥȼĴ󵶳Уһ£ҵĿռѳ룬µĵâųĻβնҶˡ
໣
һͬʱ仯ս̬ڽٵ趯ͭŹӭȥ
䣡
ӲնһֶͭŹϳһĵۣһɳ޳ܵ͸ͭŹףǿ׳˫ϣ˫ƤӲסˡ
һն˻ޣʤ׷ٵ趯ɫʥҶˡ
ȻڣǬʵ£мʥ޻ȣо޴ʵ࣬͵ĹƣҶ˲Ӳӣֻٶȫ㡣
ˣ
ҶƵƵ֮ʣʥںһ𣬻һ£գһ˻롣
ںƷ쾧ܵĹ쾳ܣвòҶˣֳƷʥӲܵĹ
ܻʥ£趯ƷʥײһʱҶץסᣬ׷ʩչɱУ롣
ͼɱ
Ҷ˲ȼѪĴͼȫڽƷʥͼУ۳֮飬һ˵׼ʥʥɱ˻ǿ׳ɽϡ
䣡
һıը貵Ĺ⻪ڻҫĿĹâ۾
ٴ⵽׼ʥʥĿըǿ׳˲ᣬǿ˽ܣӭһϮɱ׼ʥʥȥҶ˷һʱƽսǰӲӲֹĹơ
һ̣ҶʩչĴɱֺµϣơ
໣֮ڣ
Ƽأȫŭ˻룬ŭһ֮еصڽ壬޸֮ͬʱʵҶ˴в


1336 ռ
ȥɡ
ںϵ֮ʵǵµĻ뱩һֳƷʥնҶˡ
һĵâضɫصĵâϣأҶһѹƺϢĴ
Ǭ󣡡
ҶһʮһǬ֮ɳ壬ͷɽ󣬵ֵĹ
Ĺ̫ͣǬֵסһ˺յĻɫâնѣΣҶ˵
ӡ
ʵǿһֻ̤쾳ڵҶǰƷʥӡϱ󣬵ֵɫâ
ˡ
һĵûӲӲܻնĻɫâڲٿصӡӲն˳ȥµѪܲѡ
һ֮Ӳʱܺͻƽսһһҳڻߣŷȫǿ׳ǣľ
С룬үүһ
޲ƣٵرƽ룬йͼڽעͭŹУһ׹䷲ʯײ˻롣
Ҳүү
ŭһеĿˮҵķڣӲƽսͽܵĹ趯ƷʥնͭŹϣһŹնɣޱˡ
С룬үүָʵһƨ㣡ǿƱˣѪĻ޷ŭ
һˣүү㣡ҲƤһ㣬ƿڷֳƷʥն˻ޡ
Ǭڣң
ںϵ֮ʵֲ̫һʥκβѣҶٻ˾赣ڣǬעƾ赲ϵر۳ɱɱ˻롣
ǣ
ɱ̫£ǻĿռ׷飬вܵķ׷ɱޣҪ㡣
˲䣬ܺͻƽսһһҳ֣ܿռ䣬ɱ
䣡
ɱһ޳ĺڻϣµľɱ֮ƻ壬źƬ˳ȥ
Ҫȫ
ҶѸٷһŹŵٻָɺԵڣǬ˿ƸԵʥ׼ʥɱأ׹ڰ֮Ļ롣
֮ռӡ
⵽ش֮֮γһռӡֵҶ˵Ĺ
ƽս񣬽ܵĹ̫£֮γɵĽӡֵסܿ챻˺ѡ
ţҶ磬ڣǬƸԵʥ׼ʥɱ˻롣
ǲϧĹ£׹ĵ治ϵ³ռǳѣ·ʱܻ
⵽׼ʥʥըƽһأ֮УԴԴϵ֮ҶĴɱ޷ɱ
̣
֮ſըѪĻʩչ˴ͨһŤתĵ̣𿪺ɱʥ׼ʥɱ׵ľ޿ӡ
ȥɣ
ۿɱҶʥ飬˻롣
䣡
ѣʯ쾪ʥ鱬ըͷŵĻ֮˷Բռ䣬ռһƬûһӰ
ǿ⵽ʥ鹥Ȼܲסصĵ֮ϵط飬ǿǱ˺ѵǧٿס
ؼʱ̣³ǿںϵ֮γ˷֮⣬֮ǿʥĻ𹥻
ʥ鱬ֲ̫ںϵ֮Ȼֵס
ڣǬң
Ҷһƹڽ˾赣ڣǬҲϧƵڽС
ںҶ˵ĵ⣬ӳ޾ĹâɱûڣһߵĻ룬Ҫһٽɱ
أ
ɱڻ³ϣ˲ûڻ˺۵ϣӴɣڵһˤǧԶص˵ϣҳһӡ
һ֣ɱ
ɹ˻룬Ҷ粻ģڵ˷˹ȥ룬Ʊؽɱ
룬ϳңҵǿԿһ
ԽԽأûз֮Ļ룬Ҷ糢շ
ҳ±Ӱɣ
һϢĻһһ̸ֳ壬Ҷˡ
ڿҶ״ʱӳɫâ֮ںһ𣬽ҶΧĿռ䣬γ˿µĿռڶֱûҶˣʧڻҵ֮Χ


1337 ʥ

ռڶɣҶٻǬ˱ĿռѺˡ
ԼʮҶͨǬԼһļŵĿռУһ£ָĵĻƣ档
ûĿռ䣡
ǰɣƮŨŨĿռ䣬ҶоһȥȫǴ˷ɽ𣬲ɽϻذƮʮϡϸоо
۲һΧĻҶϥ˱ĵϣԼݣӦŻռʵ
ţ֮ռ侹ȻһС͵
ԼһʱҶüͷšһ֣ռһС͵ݻɵģԼҪƿռ뿪Ｘܡ
֮򵽵Ǻµĵ
Ҷȫȷ֮һԼռ䣬һֵ
ݣҶ緢⴦ֵʮֵԼƿص޷ǿ뿪
̽̽ռʵ˵ɣҶ̾Ϣһѡһ⴦ݻɵĿռȥ
׹ǣôô׹ǣ
Ҷ;һϿʱϿжѻʬǣЩʬдС߰׹ǣɣĹǺ罣ֱ̲񷣬ɢޱȿµϢ
ţѵʥ޹Ǻ
ŷţҶ翴һߴ޷ĹǺɢϿÿһͷʮɣɳɢڸǺƴǧɳ޹ǡ
Ҫǣ߾͹ǺУ͸ʥ޵ѹҶ绳һʥ޹Ǻ
꣡
Ҷ䵽ʥ޹ǺԣҪᶯһ޴ĹǴʱһѺͻȻڹǴ̱ӣգ֮䣬߲֪ڶ꣬ʴصʥ޹Ǻ绯ˣ˴ƬĹǷۣƮɢ
ʥ޹ǺеѾʧûмֵˣŷ绯ʥ޹ǺҶ̾Ϣһ¶ź֮ɫ
ɳѻŴ׹ǵϿȣҶļſռзȥѰſ뿪ĳڡ
ͻȻоǰռ궯Ƶ˻ҺɫأڿռУγѹѹĺɫ籩أϯ
籩
ٶȼϯ籩Ҷû¶֮ɫҲûжؽǬϥһ֮ϣؿŷ̶籩ԽԽԼû
籩УҶоƵ˺ҧԼѪ⣬ҪԼѪ⣬ȸԼȫѪҺ
ȹŵʩչ渲һ⣬籩е޷˺ֺ
ԣɣ
ɣҶԸֳԼ꺣һֺڶ籩еꡣ
һĿǣɣԿʼϸϵ׳

ͻȻһ͸ǿХҶ꺣УҶ͵۾ī籩УһɣȫźƬͷһǣצŤӴϮ
껯ԣ
ϮɱԼĶҶ˫һۿʵڣǧƵ껯ɣ̺ȴ¡
ϮҶ罫ԵޣϵûĿռڶ˿֮
໣
Է£Ӵϱ顣
ʮ껯ɵϸ
ܿ죬ʱȥˣϯص籩ɢȥ¶ϥδ˵Ҷ硣
Ƶ꣬˴ϸһδɱ䣬ҪԽԽ࣬ոյɻһɱ䣬ԡ
֪ռʲôʱγ籩
Ϊ֮Ĳ籩Ҷȴ¶ڴ֮ɫԼɣٴνʱԼ뿪طļʽ
ڴҶڵռУŷţǰԶһ⻬羵ɽڣɽ¿̻һбʷԾ֣ԼһƵĹ졣
ʥ֪ӣƷʥʥԵˣϣгһգʥء
ɽǶĹ֣Ҷ۾˲ƵĹ죬۾ʱ
ѵһʥһƷʥ
ĿǰʵɷƷʥһĻ󣬿˵ƷʥУȼƷʥ赻á
С㲻ͲҪǹ졣ͻȻһͳҶ
ţռ仹δ֮ˣ
Ҷüͷһƣ¶֮ɫԸӦܣȴδ괫֮ˡ
ʥջ̫˼һ£⻬羵ɽڴȥ
Ҷ粻Ȱ裬û˵
ҶִǶڹϵĺʥʱ޾ĺڹʥ˳ӡҶΧĿռ䡣
һ̣⻬ɽѿһѺۣһƤɱ񣬰׷ԲԵߴɽ˳


1338 ʥ
ʥ
ǰİ׷ߣҶͫΣյ״û뵽ºʥĴʥû
Ҳ׸ոΪԼˡ
һˣʥĿܡ
Ҷ˶ˣҼˡʥĿؿҶ磬˻ɤӵ
ʥһ壡
ȻǰĴʥܿ£Ҷ粢δ¶֮ɫƽ˵
ں£ˣʥһ˿˵·ѾƿҶ
£һ֮Ҿ¡ҶЦһѪ׹ǻ۵ɱɢ߸߾ʥָŴʥȻǵңǾɡ
˼µλս޻ҲƱʥʥ˻ɤӵʥ֪ϾϣǺ˲ġ
죿Լôô䵽ز˲˹ȥҶ缥
㡭
ҶĻ˴ʥеʹ㣬ŭץ񣬹ɱȵĳˮӿ壬˳ˣĴҶ磬Ҫ˺飬

µɱϯҶû㣬֮ͼͼеͼصͼֳ壬ͭڽʥС
һնĴͼתһռеĹ⻪һ̱ɣǱһѿһ㣬һֲĽ˺ѲӲɱһȱڡ
ţĴͼͭ꣬͸õ
ҶͷĴͼͭʥ¶˾ϲ֮ɫҲҵҶ֮ţɱҶ꣬ռ˵ٻһ뿪ط
ˣһجΡ
ҶµľǶᣬЦһʥںһ˽һն˴ʥ

ʥĿϮҶ磬ݵĴһ֮̽㼯γһֻצץҶ硣
ܣƽս񣡡
צץ˲䣬Ҷٻһֺͬɱ˹צ
䡭
ǿıҶЯһֱ֣Ӻ˹צƽɫ΢Ĵʥ
Ǭ󣡡
ҶһʮһǬ֮Ǭն˴ʥҪڽС
ʥϾʥӦ죬һϵʱģܿǬĹ˰֮⡣
ÿٶȣȻʥδȫչ¶ʵոյƶٶȣȴҶԾѣܹȻСǱ֮ˣҲ̫ࡣ
û뵽ʵ߳Խʵʮķ⣡
ʥĿȵؿҶһָоҶ»ԼɱŨ
һʧܣҶ粻ѪͬʱȼգѨȫʥѪںһʱʵڽﵽ˿ؾʵ
šе˼ҵľϲԽԽˣ
оҶڽʵʥϲҶֵԽǿ󣬶ļֵԽ
ޣڣǬٳң
ʵﵽޣҶĴٻ˳׼֮ɱʥõƷʥʥ졣
ռ䱦
ŹֵǬڵˣʥ۾̰֮ɫŨˣϵгһǿѪ֮ռе֮塣
ɱ
ʥʵʱҶΧٻԵʥ׼ʥ͵Ĺ
̣֮
Ҷ˽Ϯʥϵ˫ֿٵŤ۳һֳ֮Ťյ̣֮ɱҶˡ
ͼƣ
Ҷһٻ˾ͼĴͼڽ˾ͼУ۳֮飬ǿкһ̡֮
ҶͼƵʥʩչ֮ʱڵ˷Ĺƽ˴ʥ壬ۿϣֻͻȻ֣һϮɱʥ׼ʥײһ𣬻ڵ˵Ĺ
ʥ飡
ŻڴʥΧľֻڣҶϳǺʥ飬һƷʥ
ণ
ڣǬ˵ĹֻͻȻѣŵɫ⣬ɱһʥ׼ʥڵ˴в
Ǭգ
ؼʱҶ罫ڵսǬУܿ˾ֻڵ
ʧܣֻڸıĿϮɱҶ磬֮鷢˼ҵײ
ʥʥȫӺʥǿ
һϵмҵײ󣬾֮ˣֻĺɱҶ磬ܿռ䣬һ
䣡
ҶڵĿռ⵽ֻڹˣռ뵽С
⵽Ҷȴʧȥټ


1339 Ҫ
Ҷ٣˵˭ʵô˵Ŀֲ
뵽ոյһĻµʵû뵽½ȿµĴڣʵ򶼲Ƕ֡
ӦܣʱǬеҶ
Ҷ٣ʲôطôܣڵһʵ
½һյ֮УһµĵĿǰ֮ӦйءҶ
ϴ׼ζԸëʵ
ǴʥΪ壬вǵģƿصƷʥʥ죡Ҷ˼һ£ٻ˳ڵڣҽ˱㣬һύʱô˱ѹʥ죬ʣµĽǡ
ã
ӹ赣оĿ£۾һͷ
䣡
ҶǬԸʥļƻʱʥǬĴڣƾֻڹǬҪ˺ǬķɱҶˡ
Ǭķ̫ˣʥƺʥ칥һʱ䣬δƿǬķ¶˾֮ɫ
ߣǳȥ
ץסʥĴֹͣ˲ϢҶ뿪Ǭ档
ڿϳˣ
ͻȻҶˣʥһϧĿƺʥƱҪҶɱһС
赣ѹ
ֻϮžһھѪͷǿĵУƾ赲ϵرѹ˾ֻڡ
ড
⵽ѹֻʹİ赺ݺݵѹ˵ϣá
ļƷʥǵʲôˣôı
ܵ͸ʥڱɫʧ̬ľ
Ҫ
ҶûʥþѹֻڵʱޣǬ˺ɱ
̣֮գ
ʥ˫ֿٵطǿ֮㼯ǰγһ־޴̣֮ŤգǿеҶ˵Ĺ
ڻޣǬ򣬻ƽսǿƿ֮ʱ֮ûҶͷľͼɱȫ㡣
ˣ
ʥ˲䣬ʥںһ𣬻һĲ£ƳգʮɳĽӰݺݵն
һٶ̫죬ټϾ֮ܿռ䣬òȫӭ
Ѫ֮ڰ֮Ӳһһʱ̤ԳӰƵ
ѪȼգѪӰ
㽿һһѪ籡壬лһֻߴѪӰЯǿ֮ݺݵغ˴ʥϣ塣
֮㣬ô֮ѵĺˣ
һѪĴʥ·ܵ˼ؾţŲһֹĲܵһߣֵؿŽοɰ㣬
ĺˣѵ
ҶüͷһƣԺһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ëɹүүһײģ
ޱһйԼڽעͭŹУ˳ȥʧ̬Ĵʥ
ʥ죬
ʯһͭŹףܵ˵Ĵʥϵٻطյĺʥ죬ֳʥеֵ
ֻڱѹӰ˺ʥôʥսۿۡ
ڴʥԵʵӲͭŹʱҶ̤ƽ˴ʥʮһǬ֮£һ𣬻Ǭ޽ںͭ꣬նհ˺ڴʥͷĺʥϣ޾ķ塣
ʥǬ޽µĹһʱǬ׼ʥͭţײȥµײ޿ɱܵĴʥӲȫѪҵط
֮¯
ʥһסѪʥ죬˽Ļƽսͽʱӻ˿µĻ¯ͷſµ֮һ޳ĺɱҶˡ
ͼͭţֵ
⵽ʥʩչĴɱУҶǬƸԵʥеֵǿƻ֮¯Ļ𹥻
̤ԳӰٴƵ˴ʥٻѪӰ塣
䣡
ʥһٴα۵ѪӰˡ
ʥˣȱʥָƣһһɱһټأôʥ⣬Ҫǿٻرѹľֻڣ뿪
һˣ
Ҷ̤ס̶ȼѪʩչ֮¯ײ
㣬ôһУ
Ҷʩչ֮¯ɱʥɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
֮ʣܺͻƽսһһҳԣܵĿռ䣬Ĺơ
ԽԽأʥûвһƴ˱ǿѹľֻڣʩչһֹǿд͸Ҷ˵ĹʧڻҵĿռС


1340 
ܹȻɱ
֮ززĴʥҶ¶һ˿ź֮ɫźδܽɱ
ҶҲջǾǾѹľֻڣܷӡֻڣǴʥĺʥۿۣǵв󽵵͡
ңӡֻڣ
Ҷ˳ʮɸߣǿ·ľԣ׷ʩչǿĵǿзӡֻŭĺڡ
Լһʱ䣬ֻڷ֮ԽԽձҶ˺ӡ
ֻõĺսǬҶͷӦһ²Ѻ۵ɽڣûзκмֵĶ׼뿪
ͻȻոպҶǵ
û뵽ǾȻǲ򵥣
ǣҶʵ
Ϸһһˣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵôطȥ𣿡
ȥϷʮ꣬ܳȥͳȥˡ
ʮꡭҶ絹һ򡣡
ǣ磬һ壡
ܻôã
ʵɲҶ绹δܻʮ֮á
ϷܻôãΪϷҵİ취
ǰڵռ䣬ǲһҶ˼һ£ʵ
û뵽뵽ͷܣǲ򵥣Щ˵˵ûһ޷ơ
ǰ
С곱ϫˣٶǧҪ곱ϫϯ棬ȻǻûģҶѯʱͻȻĻѵ
ѣҶԶԶγɵ籩ˣ·˳أͷηϯ
곱ϫ֣Ҷ粻ϲѸٽսǬУٻԼٶȷ˹ȥ
С㲻Ҫˣ
Ҷ粻Ҫĳ곱ϫæѡ
Ҷٶ̫ˣͷɽϯص곱ϫС
ԣɣ
ǿ곱ϫĳҶ罫ٻ˳ͷųǿɿӿ꣬׳Ե
Է£곱ϫҶ繹κεв˴꣬Լγǿϸɱ䡣
ʱϯص곱ϫɢȥ¶ϥδ˵Ҷ硣
ɼΣԾɱˣ
оԵı仯Ҷ¶˵Цݡ
С㾹Ȼû£
оҶ⵽곱ϫȻ𣬲ٴδҶ𣬳Ծ˵
лǰģ곱ϫ˲ңҶӦ
оҶܣ͸һ˿ڴС㣬֪𣿡
ȻҲкܶҪǰҶʹشӦ
ʮĺ̶Ҿ̶棡
ã
Ҷ˵ͷٵȶԼٶȷ˹һī͸ŨŨĺ̶ԥԾȥ˺Ʊ̶ˮε̶ס
͸̶ɰ׹⣬һӡھ޴ʯУѸɱ񣬷·һߡ
Ȼǰߵ𻵣ڵȴʢûһ˵ļٻǧ겻⡣
С䣬ʱ仹ʮɡ߻˲Ƶ˫͸ҰĹߣҶ磬ʵ
ţʱ䲻ʮ꣡Ҷ˵ͷ
û뵽ʮȥˣ½ţҲ֮꣬뿪
ǰûиоӦһ쾳ܰɣѵʵʮ꣬ûз뿪ķҶʵ
쾳ڶ½ȷʵ޵еĴڣڵУǾ΢ǿһϡ˵
ǰ֪˭𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҳ֪ǴܵǸӦ֪ƶϣ֮йϵߵ
ѵҵĲ²ǶԵģ
֮Ѫʥʱʥ͸¶һҪϢҶ²֮һǸѪϵ
СҪǵģô뿪λȥֻлŲ뿪ϣ˼Ҷ磬߻˵
ǰӴʥ꺣л֪һЩϢǰɷһ֮ѹǴʥǰңұ֤ǰ뿪
ҶԺ˼ǧо֮ŴܣܼпһյйأΪŪ֮ܣ׼ѹʥ
ġа취뿪
߻ǵ˫бǳҪ貵ĹâֱҶ磬·Ҫ
ţǰţҿģҶ˵ͷĵ˵
⡭
ǰһλᣬѵԸһ𣿾ˡ˵ֻ˱¶ĥʱ䣡
ԥߣҶ˵
ãϷͶһΣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
Ȼ߸о뿪ĻʮãҶĳȷʵһ˿⣬ԥһ£մӦˡ
İǰռҡҶŵ˵һܳȥ


1341 ֮
ǰҿռ䱦аɣҴ뿪Ϊ˱ʥǰߣҶ
ã
ûκԥž޴ʯɽǬ
ŨҶʲôζˣ
ǬогŨ鲻Խһ
ǰ㵽ʲôˣ
鼤ߣҶݲһ˿棬ʵ
Ҳ㣬ϷвᣬԹʮûԼݣ˵
Թʮ
Ҷüͷһƣ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽ߵͷô
ڲҹĻ꣬ԹӣյĽֵܱԹ̫ϳϣ˵ԹԨԴ
С֪ԹΣ
Ҷɫ²ҶӦԹоɣʵ
ԹԹ˽ޣʶһλǰԹ̫ϳϡҶ˵
ȥԹôȥˣһ˶ʶˣ˵
ǰܻôãʯԭ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҳ㣬ռſµ֮֮ռݵĺ̶ײͷӡһ֮ʯ֮ԼҲʱǿܻôã˵
ԭˡ
Ҷ֮Ȥ׼뿪ǰ֮ƵǬС
뿪˺̶Ҷ罫Եޣ̺ʽѰʥ䡣
ѰʥĹУҶ곱ϫ
곱ϫҶ˵ǲҩڳϫ˴꣬ԽٶԽԽ죬ɱ䣬Ҫһʱ䡣
ڣҶӣڵռʱ䣬ɵһɭֲķسϿգڷسĹѨƵĴʥ
ڷˣ
˴ʥҶٻϹŲͼϹŲͼϵر󣬽ſռ䣬ôʥˡ
СôĹ׷ɱ
˴ƵĴʥоռ䱻ƣ̤Ҷ磬ŭ
ɥ֮ȮѣΪβɱ
Ҷնһһ޴ķذ¶ĿĴʥ
úãȻҳȫ㣡ʥһǰµһ󣺡󣬷顣
ˡ
ٵֱʣѸһĴһµգҶ硣
ʥϳʥף
ͬʱ⵽ٵҶƷʥס壬ϳʥ׽з˾Ĺ
ʥʥסʵôշʥ飡
Ϊܣʥ֪շʥʥ׵Ѷȣδշһʥ顣
ǧɱ꣡
Ҷһǧ漫ƷɳǬ۳һ޴ͼѹס˾
ǰң
ѹסҶǬеİٻ˳˴ʥеܿռ䡣
ᣬһˮˮΪΰԸң
߳ʯݵͷ֮Ĳᣬʥ¶֮ɫŭ
壬˵֮
ԵػӦһʵʵ·̺ºӴŵ֮Ĺžֳ塣
ᾳڲͷĹžʥΪջ𣬾ᣬȰòҪңҾҲµ
ңǲ̫ˣʥ鱻ѹʲôǿ⡣ҶЦһ
С»֪Ŀ£ƴһ˱ɱȰòҪҡʥһƴؼơ
Ҫܵʵϣ㲻ҪʧҶ΢΢һЦη޾˵
ƱҪܴʥѻ֪֮꣬ܡ
㡭
ʥɫ̣˫
ȷʵһǿĵƣ£;ƿݣһʩչضʱɱҶˣҲˡ
ɱ
Ҷû˵ϻһѳ壬һ˽֯޾Ľâն£һӳĿĽ⣬׹أɱ˴ʥ
ջĴʥٻʥ죬ٵҡſռ䣬ͬʱǱˡ
ᾳɱ
ʥҽ֮ʣƷʥᾳӳһ𾵹⣬˺Ų񷣬ӳȥ
µľֱӴ͸˴յӰڴʥϣ˳ȥؿѪģ
Ǳҵģ
屻ᾳˣȫŭ˴ʥһϧ۵ȼѪʩչ崫ͨ
ữ֮
ʥ֮Ѫ֮ﵽ۷ʱϱռе֮塣
գ֮䣬仯֮Ϊһ壬ڵĵⱻȫ
ʱ·صףη


1342 ɱʥ
鼶ͼ
Ŵʥ仯֮ͷͼȫ鼶ͼ᲻ɵ¶֮ɫ
µɣ
ϾĴʥһ鼶ͼˮڽ˺ʥУٵҡµգϯҶˡ
赣ѹ
ʥҡʥϮ֮ʣٻ˾赣ȫĵע뵽УڲϵرѹŴҵգŴʥĹ
Ʒʥ
о͸¶һ˿ɫƷʥ౦綼ѵһûС
֮飬գ
ʥ⵽ѹʱҶƾ֮סʥΧĿռ䣬ܿռ䡣
һ̣Ǭޣ㣬ͬһʱ֣ʩչɱУ˴ʥ
֮ͼ֮ͼ
ͬʱ⵽Ǭ˹ʥһֻ֮ͼһֻ֮ͼǰĿռ䣬ϮĴɱС
ڴʥǿʵ鼶ͼӲǬ˵ɱʱһ·̺ɽ֮ǿᾳӳڷյ鼶ͼϡ
ǣ
ᾳ£鼶ͼϵѣôʥž޴ѹ
ʥҧأǿ֮ӲᾳʱҶ̤Ƶ󣬻ľֳ壬ҡҷŻ֮ݺݵسĺ󱳡
ԤеΣգʥҪܣ֮ܿռ䣬޷ܣֻӲľĹ
䣡
ӲľһʥѣҡҷŻ֮ĺ󱳣󱳳ѪģΡʧء
ʧأᣬǬ˵ĹϮŴʥ塣
ɱǣ
Ʋϼأʥں֮鼶ͼȫϽһϮʥ׼ʥɣǿķǬ˴˼ѹ
ڲʵͬ£ᾳϵػʥĹ͵ķˡ
˷һսŴռʱҶﵽ˼£ݻɴֱ֮ӹ˴ʥ꣬ǣľ
ץסʥ֮˲䣬ںᾳһĨƲĺǣ߻˴ʥؿڣϵĵۣ壬˳ȥ
Ǵʥ仯̫֮ǿһԽݻ١
ʥʧصɣƽս񡢽ͬʱƽִټ䷢Ĺ͵ķǿѹĹơ
ʥѪ飬ڣ
ʥҧأǿ֮֮ӲƽսͽܹʱҶںʥѪ飬ʩչŽնԴ
һնݺأµĴ֮˺ƺնѣĺĳӰĴ֮裬һʥӰն棬ȫ˫۸ǱһӲˡ
ɹشʥ˫ۣҶ˳ʤ׷ˮĹƣƱҪشѹ
ȥɣ˫Ѫ죬ֵסƵĴʥһϧ۵Աۣʩչط֮Ѫͬ飡
䣡
ʥԱۻɵѪˣ籬ĻɽγɻذϯҶˣҪɱ
Ǭգ
ؼʱ̣Ҷ罫˴ͻǬܿʥԱۣʩչľɱһ
ƣ
Ҷ˹ʧʥ޵ֱʱ˿̣ݲԥջ˺ʥ죬ϵĳգֱƣҪǿ˺ϹŲͼĽƣ
ңӲģԹɣ
ͻȻҶĳ֣Լٶȹ˺ϹŲͼƣĻᡣ
ģɱ㣡
ʥѪɫ۾бŨŨɱ⣬ֳֺʥ칥˽Ҷ磬Ҫɱйޡ
أ
ҡҷŵ֮ĺʥݺݵ˲ܵҶϣֱӽˡ
һҶ壬ʥϣһ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ԣǼٵģ
Ҷ飬ȴûһѪʥ֪Σգܡ
ͻȻܽȼǿնһնһ˼ĽǶȣŤ壬סһ֮
һ̫󣬶ڲִټټʧȥһۣܵӰ죬Ӳһȫʧأ׹˵档
ңûлˡ
ʥ׹ص˲䣬Ҷ磬˳ˣ׷עƾ۳ɱ˺գ
䣡
죬ʯ쾪
⵽ɱʥȫ飬֮ʶҲģ
ԣѻ꣡
ץסᣬҶѸٳʮɵĵؿУԵѻ֪꣬䡣
ʱᾳǿжԴʥѹӻԱĻᡣ
Լʮ󣬲ѹסʥҶѸܵԶ
䣡
ʥ廯һѪ⣬ֱ̲񷣬˷ԲһĿռ䣬Ա


1343 Խ
СӴʥ꺣л֪ҪϢ𣿡صǬУʵ֪뿪;𣿡
ʥ֪뿪ķҶҡҡͷ
Ҿ֪ʥ֪뿪;뿪ˣ̾Ϣһʧ˵
ǰҼȻӦ뿪һһʱ䣬ǰʹɣҵ뿪İ취һ֪ͨǰҶûи߲ʵ飬˵
ðɣ
̾ϢһѾ뿪һ˿ˣ»صʯУԼӡˡ
ڣʥ͸ˣ㾡콫շֻڣҪ뿪Ҫ
ҶûģɱʥõƷʥʥ͸ڡ
ллҶ٣۾һ˫ֽӹʥ죬м
ˣǬɣ㣬ǳȥ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪ǬڻļŵĵռС
㣬ѪӦһռ䣬ʲô𣿡
Ҷ翴СۣοɰŴܵ㣬˵
ѪգŴ۾Ҷ磬ò֮йϵɡ
˵ˣ֮пйϵҶ˵ͷ
磬㵱˵й𣿡㲻ʵ
ոҶԴʥѻ꣬л֪˼ҪϢ֮һǣ֮йأµĵĿػһԿס
ʥ֮ΪѰǰԿף˴ʥƶ֮Ҷ罫ոմӴʥл֪Ϣޱĸ㡣
ô˵˼пܾҵˣ΢΢Щ˵
ֿܣҶ˵ͷݴʥ䣬˺һӵѪҲǴʥѪӰԾԭ򡣡
ǲ԰ͻȻ뵽һҪ⣺ҲŶ󣬶Լ֮£ʱԲ
ûв´Ӧֽţһֱ˯߽ӡʱռУҶһжҵĲ²⣬໹Ҫȥ⡣
ҶҪȥһ죬ˣСȭͷԷĵ
벻ȥ죬Ҳܽ⿪ܣҶ㣬ڳŸӦһʲôĸӦ𣿡
ţã
˵ͷϥ˵ϣ۾ĬĬظӦһء
ҶϥԱߣԼݣռ䣬Ѱſռ䱡㡣
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУҶ籩ԾɣѾʼԣɱһ֮ң
ͨһ¸ȴûһջ񣬾ż֮Ѫأûзⷽʲôر֮
㱻籩ϯʱ籩е·ʮ־ҿ籩ûһΣգᶨҶеĲ²⡣
ӣҶԼݵռ䣬Ѱҿռ䱡㡣
ֹ죬أһ籩ֳˣſռ䣬Ҷˡ
ԣɣ
ҶѸٻԣԷ籩е꣬ɱٶȡ
ڣɣ̺ﵽ˱ͣѳһԣʵɱ䣬ԺлƬ
⣬ǽ֮⣬⣬ص⣬е⣬֮ĵܲ͸ƬҲܽͼ鼶Ҷ͸һƬ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ڶ½ͼ鼶ս˺ţļʡ
ڵӦҵռı˰ɣ
оɱǿҶһ߿Բ͸ƬԼһ߼ⷽء
㣬ȥǱߣ
Ҷһʱ䣬ͻȻ˽յ˫ϷȥɵһƬûһĺϣں߿ԼӦ
ȻԸӦûռ䱡㲻Уף
һδ£˿ռ䱡㣬ҶûԥصǬУҵ˷ӡʯеĲᣬһϲѶ
ǰѾҵ뿪·ˣҪƣ
ġ
ߴʯѿ¶˵ɴ۾˼飬ξеĲᣬ޷ţ̶һʱ䣬Ҷҵ뿪·
ǰţɸȥʱ֪ˣ鼤ĲᣬҶЦЦ˵
ãȥ
ἱȵ˵Ҷ뿪Ǭƽ˱ĻĺУȥ


1344 ľ
С˵뿪ط·
ƯڱĺˮУͷǿףӦΣδܷ쳣ʵ

Ҷһ㣬ͭ˺׺
һ̣ǿظо⵽ͭ깥ĺ׳Ťռڳ˵Ѻۣ͸һ˿ռ
С㵽ôģ
оռı仯¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ΢΢Щʵ
ֱ˿̣Ȼ޷ţԼʮĵطȴҶҵ뿪
ҵˡܡҶ纬˵ǰȻҵǬ׼£ҽ̶ײ֮ƵǬУٺ뿪
ã
֪һ֮´򲻴ռ䱡㣬סĵļصǬС
Լʱ䣬Ҷ罫̶ײ֮ƵǬУص˺ףеİִǬٻ˳׼֮䴩ռ뿪
׼ãҿһ𹥻
׼ٻԵıԴʱҶһ£˷׷ʩչǿɱУǿı⴦ռı㡣
䡭
һ춯صıըں𣬿µϵ˺ԴĿռڣź׿ռ䡣
ۿ֮䴩ݵĿռڣͻȻһɹǿĵ֮˷ӿۿɼٶȣ޸ſռѺۺݿռ䣬Ҷ˵Ĺһ
һʧܣҶ˲٣֮һͬУҶٻ˾赹Ȼδڵ֮޸£ռڡ
㣬ٻѪӰԣ๥޹Ҷ˼һµ
ã
˵СԴȼѪٻΡߴѪѪӰ˱֮޸Ŀռڡ
䣡
⵽ѪӰ˷ӿĵ֮ͻȻˣѺ۵Ŀռڸ鲣һһ󶴡
ң
ѪӰһ֮ռһ󶴣Ҷ缯˵ڽ˾У۳ɱīĿռڶУǿд͸ſռڡ
ڣռ䱻䴩ˣҶǿоϢ
Ѫȼգ
ҶϽսǬУȼսѪٻ𣬽ٶ۷壬һ⣬ɽ˻ҵĿռڶȥ
ռ޸ǰٶȾ˵Ҷɳ˻ҵĿռڶһˮһɫ̲𣬾ɫ˵ĿռС
ռеʮŨ㼯˱ԶɽۣԼľ֦ͷһζ
𡭡ôģ
ҶָĵĻǰĿռʱһŭĺ𣬵ҶռĻˣѿѪڣ
ȻǴģ
Ļ룬Ҷɻշͷ
շмʥ޻룬жԿ쾳ܵʱˣʱȥףҲˡ
ܣʵܻ뿪ǿŵ棬ŵ
ŲţҶѾˣڣ˵ʱˣ
˵ţҶһŹŵٵػָĵĻᣬڵ˴˳
ǰѹ룡
ҶŻ绷زĲ
úã
֮뿪ռ䣬òҶ˸мԥӦᾳ˻롣
֮ʣڣǬҲ׷ٻԵʥ׼ʥŻܵ·ߣһ
ս̬
⵽˹仯սֳ̬־޴Ʒʥն񷣬죬ȫӭ
κΣᣬڣܺͻƽսĹ̫ˣ˲Ĺƣڽڰˡ
ǬǬһ
ҶȼħѪӿնϣİʮһǬ֮Ϊһ壬Ǭ޽ն£ڶһֱӽǿ׳˫˼ӲĵزС
ѪӰ
۳ѪӰݺݵغڻж޵ϣһ˳ȥ
ѪôѪ
ɴۣͭѪ¶˲˼֮ɫ
֮ʣᣬڿƷʥϮɱ˹µľ;ֻڽǿ׳ϣŸȫĻɫƬԶ
Ӳˣ
һ㣬ͻȻ仯ɱ壬֮˽ܺͻƽսķߣƬɾĿռԶȥ
ӣ
Ҷ˷׷׼٣׷ƲᣬֻܵĻ롣
ۿҶ׷ϲֻܵĻ룬ͻȻǿǰһɸߣ޷ïʢʮľ
ľ£ϥһƿף˫ۣûһ˿ͷ׵ӡ
ո֮ززĻ룬ѾõߣۣͭҶˡ


1345 
Σգ
ԶԶϥľ£ûһ˿ӣҶĸ֪ᵽŨŨΣϢһʱûҿ
ҶϲΣգᣬڵҲ֪Σգ׷ٻǿıﻤ
ҶվԶŹľµʱռͻȻ˴ƣû뵽С
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Ҷ˵ĹȻǿ󣬵ʮܸӿ£ܿ죬ǵĹƾͱѹơ
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ɱǣ
ĮؿһۼϮҶ磬ݿܵ
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ӵʮܼӴ˹գҶ磬Ĺ˼鷳
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ʵԶʤԼµܣҶ粻ϵʩչǿĵƣ͵Ĺ
κΣЩܵķ̫£Ǭ󣬻ʥ飬޷˺Ƿֺ
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ʲô취
̵ʮܵĿ£оǰʵԶԶԼ֪ҶʲôŤתǬֶΡ
һǰ֪ˣ
˵ţҶ粻Σ̤ɱ죬ֻ֪ɱ¾ʮܣǷķ


1346 ޵еĴ
Ҷ̤ڶʱתŲƣʮܹ
֮飬𣡡
һܷգ֯һ֮ɱҶʱҶ֮飬һܵ塣
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۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫľҡҷž޴ڣҡգϮɱҶ磬Ҷ޷֮鹥ֻܿٵȶȫܡ
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ǰһĻȫ߸ڵоʼڴˣһǰӵĶ֣ʵԳ˶½ļޡ
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Ҿ˵ʵٴﵽʥޣƲĻͳ˵
ʥޡڵһ֮򵽵ʲôܡ
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ۿ֮壬ѸٶǬУǬӲľĹ
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ģһҷ㣡
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ͭŹײιŷʱһ춯ص𣬹ŷһ黯Ӱ׼ʥȼͭŹף˳ȥ
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ŷΣ
뿴Ҷò˹Լ֮ʣɱܶʱŭˣһѪڽ˹ŷУƹŷһʵʵ˺ᾳͺʥĹɱҶ硣
䣡
ҶڵĿռ䣬⵽˴ĺµѣݺύѺۡ
ҶȻǰԤеΣգ̤ܿĹ⵽ȹŵȼ˴Ѫۣ͸Ѫ
屻ŷˣδӻҶĹƣ̤ʣܣҪȫ

ɫһæٻ˻
ľɣľ̺ʧ˰ٷ֮һľȴûˣӴΪջ
գ˷ľͷڵϣһҶߣҪȽɱ
䣡
ӺһȭԲһĿռֱˣµҶ磬ռһƬ


1347 Ѫ˴
ø߼Ŀռ֮
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ҷһ֮ʣǬУԼȫһδܻǬķ¶˲֮ɫ
ĿͶڣǬʱҶ缰ʱڵ˴ͽǬС
ϴë̫ˣǸô죿
ʶӵһȭ֮Ҳ²ѡ
ȣҲԾǣ
Ҷһɫص˵
ʵ޵еӣҶҲеһ˿оԼʩչȫĵƣ޷սʤ
ʱֻܶģ²֮йأһ⿪֮գӦÿԾǡ
䣡
Ҷ罫ϣϣһһߵȴʱӴӻջƼƷʥȼιӡǬǬҵĲ
ãǬˣ
ǬιӡһδιʱҶԾķ֣Ǭ᲻ɴݵķһ˿Ѻۡ
ȻѺ۲󣬵Ѻ۵ĳ֤ʵǬķ
뵽ǬƵĺҶ޷ٵˣϵİ취
Ҷ˼취ʱɸߣʮռĹľڿʼήˣƬƬĿ֦䣬ɢڵϻ˻ҽ
ľٵؿή¶һ˿š
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ӷǬͷѸٳʧľԣһ𹥻˻ľҪԵ顣
⵽Ӻͻ͵Ĺľ˾޴ѹɫھҵҡΡ
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ͻһĻȫɵ˻룬ֻ߰ʥڵأɪɪ
һָشӣеӰûٹһۣû뵽˽ѪʧӲӵĿռָֻԭ̬
ţǸˣ
ΪѪ˿ռ䣬ʹҶ粢ոշʲôͨǬ˵ľ棬ڵɪɪʱ˾ˡ
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ʱӲСҶ磬ѪеӰٶԸҶ硣
˭ҪҪǣΪҪɱң
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㶯ǰɷȷһ£صӵ
ǲȷݣҶҿȷĸ㣬йأǰںһ֮Ѫ֮ѪǴġ


1348 ֮
ġ
Ӳ԰׵¶һ˿֮ɫ
֮򵽵ʲôܣϸ֮ܣҲһһҶ翴鼤ӣʵ
һȵȷ˵һȶһƵ
ôʱ䣿Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ɱȻ
ǵѪɱ𣿡¶һ˿ɬЦݣҡҡͷ
ǵѪѵڵ֮ԨõǵνѪ
ͨӵĻҶ֪ողһ޵µӣΪͻȻˡ
ѪйأΪ޷أҶɻ󲻽Ĭ
ðɣҸʱȷݡ
˼һ£ҶðһģûжӺɱ֣ԼѪΪڽ壬ȷݡ
ѪԳѪʦµΨһѪ
ȷȷݣ˼زۿ˺ɫָһ㣬⿪꺣еķӡӻ˯лѡ
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㣬㲻£˺ǡҶҡҡͷḧһСԴ¶һ˿簮Цݵ벻֪Լ֮գӦΪ𡣡

գŴ۾ɫ԰ףصӵ
ڣܸǣ֮˺˰ɣҶ绺ʵ
ػֻܱʦһˣرʦùϵǳҾͽܸ㣬ϣгһգܰʦü̳ʦ²ӽľƵ֪֮ϣܱܡ
ģҲ˵ģҶ˵ͷ֤
ʦá㵽ʲôˣ
գŴ۾ĿеӣĪϸе׽ĸо
ҽڤʮʦСͽܣʦ˼ڤɽ˱ڤ֮ʯ쾪˵
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Ѫɴ۾ѪΪʲô˵ϡ
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ܸңΪʲô½ҸĸȥˣΪѪĴڣЩڤʮĻʵ
ʦӦ죬Ҳڤʮһ뵽ػУʦոճʱұڤɽ⵽˴ѣб׷ɱʦľԪ˺ţãڶ½
ʱʦأڵϦΪ˸ʦӡ֮ԴѪʯУһӡʮꡣ
ʦȽأֻ֪ԳһˡһսʦûҲ²⣬ʦӦûС
ʦ֣굽׷ʲôǵĳ˭Сȭͷŭʵ
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һսʦ֣ʦȫսˣʦҲ⵽شʦƴУӳ죡
ҵҽʦµĵһһնɱ
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ţ죬֮ʦµģԿҲϣʮ˵
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Ҷ֪ʷĳУ絮ô֮ţΪû˽ڲˡ
ʦ֣ȥ쿴ףҾһûܰԿ׸𣿡ҧ촽лһ˿ϣ
ҿԽԿ׸㣬һҪأڤʮ˵磬µĴУһ쿪˼пܻʱ½磬罫ңǸΣա
ʦ֣ʵôǿȥ磬崫Уٿ죡ҧ촽߿˵
һսҲأʦΪϧԪľҵľںһһ뿪֮뿪ľҵͽߵͷڤʮ̾Ϣһ
ʦ֣ʲô취ָƣ
ΪͬѪڤʮΪˣ¡
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˵ţһöŹ·Ĺ̸ֳڤʮͣọ̈ǿڲԿס


1349 ʥƼϵ
ˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣ֪ǻʲô֪𣿡
ԼػʮԿ׸㣬ڤʮһҶˣ˵
֪ıﵽʲôҶԥһ£ǽеʵ˳
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Ҷ絹һ֪֮Ϊβϧ뱱ڤ֮˺ڤɽðջɱˡ
ͨʥ˵ıʥʥ֮ϣӵлĿ
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Ҫ˵ʮ꣬ǰǧԸ⡣
ţǿŵҩ޷֤ǰٷ֮ͻƣǰҪ׼Ҷ˵ͷ
ףھģ
뵽ҶֶΣŲɣԥģӦҶʮ꣬İΣ
ǰʥƼϵ͸㣬ףˣ
ĺҶ罫һŲʥƼϵ͸
ӹʥƼϵԥ̵˶С
һ̣оﵽ½޵ľƿɶˣӲٵʥƼϵȫµľ硣
ʥƼϵǵʥʱҶ˽ѪʨߣһʥƼϵ͸ͻƵʥ֮
ͳʥƼϵҶ罫һʥƼϵӡպãһ֮Դϣתɻһ֮Դһ߿Բ͸ƬԼԵ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ͻȻȫ͸ƬҶ磬µ췣ѣԡ췣Уȫս޻ʾ硣


1350 Ĵ鼶ͼ
췣ơ
ȫѪӿ㱩һԳѪѪںһ𣬻˿µѪ֮Ӱֱ̲񷣬Ӳµ췣˺ˡ
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췣⹥ҹŽɢȥ
ɹֲ췣˳ͻƵս޻ʾ磬Ѫǿڽ֮
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̺֮췣£ԲʵΪѣټ̫ϣ޷۷֮ʵµ췣Ѫģʹ
֮ޱǿ֮ģټϻµ̲Լ޷췣ûʩչֶȫ
ǻгҹ̺֮췣ϴ弸𣬷ʶԽԽĲڶɹ˿µ췣͵ʼɱ䣬ʼ޸
ϲǰԽѵһ
ҶѸٳѪģĲߣóһŹŵѪУص
лл
Ȼ췣ĲΣڲἤɫҲû뵽ԼгһգͻƵľ硣
ǰǬ˰ɣܹ꣬̾磬Ϊǵʥ
ҶԵĸ˵в쾳ܶвԡ
Ҷ٣ǰͻƶ½ޣѵйأ
Ựлڵɴ˫ۣʵ
ڣǬǺúгһ½ޣԻһͻƼ޵ĻԵܲܿԽһҪǵ컯Ҷŵ
лл
ںǬ໥һۣϲиҳҶ磬ȻҶȿԵ
ʱʧʱת˲š
У˫ͷ˫˫ͻƵżޣҶҲȫ͸Ƭһͭꡣ
ɿճٶȼûɱʥ޵ļ
һ£ʱ뿪ˣ
ʵһĴ鼶ͼҶֹͣ˺޴ͽǬҵڤʮ㡣
㣬׼뿪֮¸ǰһ뿪
磬Ҹߣԥ˵
ʦãûɣ㣬Ҳͷˣڤʮ֪Ի⣬
ð
۾һϲ̵˵
ʦֵϵıȫ𻵣ʣƷʥˣ͸ɣ
ڤʮûģƷʥʥǹƷʥʮط͸㣬ɱܣõʮƷʥ͸Ҷ硣
ڤʮʮƷʥ󲿷ƷʥټҶǰڻɱеõļƷչһ˰Ǭ֮
һ˰Ǭ֮Уа˰Ǭ֮ﵽƷʥĵȼʹǬֲƷʥ
߰ɣ뿪
ͳΪ֮ۺıڤʮ˿ռ䴫󴦡
СʦǶౣأûȫյ£мǲҪ㿪죡ڤʮһе
˵꣬ڤʮ˷ӡѾõĿռ䴫󣬽Ҷ磬㣬봫ˡ


1351 Ѫ
ޱɭ֣ϽʳϷһƬ಻֪ľɽ
ɽйľ죬գɭпµ޳ûʮֵΣա
Ⱦ֣ǲټˣټȥǿ»µޣΣա
һƳۣ˫޻ףΧŨں룬ļ޽ӣΧĻ͸˿˿⣬˵
ǻûҵҩûҩ޷ޣͻƵɾ硣
ۺɫʤѩ˫һˮòֻ֮ʮŮüͷĵ˵
ǰ壬ٷԽǰɽͷҩ
һɫ쵰鶯˾Ƥо͸ŶϣĸŮӵͷ
ðɣǰɽͷûҩǾͻȥ
ӵ˵ͷɫףֳַŮڲľ䴩󣬷Խǰһֲïʢɽͷ
Ũ⸽ҩ
һ˸ոշԽɽͷͻȻоеŨ۾һͷɽѰҩ
һ
ѰһƧľڵɽʱһ׶ߣԴΣɢŨŨϽĿѪɫ
ѪеļƷ
ӼʶһϳǰĿͨǼֵߵѪУ˲õ
վŲҪȥժĿѪ
ԹҩΧػԽǿҩػԽ£¶˽֮ɫǬȡһӲӵĳС˹ȥ
˻˻
ӿʱµĵһƬźҶĵϣһʮ׳ͨ쵣ˮͰ֣ߴ紦Ĵߴ˳
ãߣ
ѿѪҧİ쵴ߣɫ΢΢һ䣬ϳֻߵ
֣ƶٶȼ죬л̺ĶأʮΣա
ĿѪ̫գֳⳤȫҪеļƷ߱ˡ
޿޽ֻļ޽磬Ʒ޷߱ˡ
ʦСģ
ΣգΣĳȥֳַǹߡ
ͬʱ⵽߱ǣ˾ץסᣬ͵һӶǿд³ĶһѪ
˻˻˻
߿ӵȾָػ֮ãĿѪʱŭˣ͵س鶯޴βȫ
µ˲壬׷ɱӣīɫĶҪ
սΣʱΣңסϮĶһʣѪն䣬յ˻УԼٶɽȥ
ʦߣǸֵ
ʣµԥסߣֳַĳǹȫ
ߣ
Ȼʹѣ֪ڲԥʱ򣬴ŻʧɫĶŮԼٶɽȥ
˻˻˻
ŭҧƴصײߴĹľȫ׷ɱӵˡ
ٶȼգ֮˼ľ롣
⿴ſѪڣĿ¶׹ԽԽŮŵɪɪг˿־塣
Ⱦ֣ѪӣҰǵסߣһģĿѪĸĺŮӣĴߴٵ
Ҫһߣ
Ů˵
ߣߣٲ߾ˣӴ󺰵ĿѪϽҪʧ
˻˻˻
Ůԥ֮ʣײеſѪҧ˹ֳⳤȫֵ
̫£Ӹֵסټīɫϵ塣
أӸеȫԴΣֿԽԽ
Ⱦ֣ߡ
ŮһҧŽŮӵ֣ԼٶŨܵɽȥ

Ϊ˸Ůȡܵʱ䣬ӼȫǱֳⳤηĹ׷ɱŮĻᡣ
κж̫ֵסߣԽԽء
ۿжʶģӱҧһģӰ֣һץסߵβͣ͵ķֱӽӴӵ˰УһС㣬ʧڰС
һ̣ģӰֹʧˣþжŴˡ


1352 龫
Ⱦ֣˵᲻£߻᲻׷
ɫܵţɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ӯҧ촽
ңҲ֪
ҶȾʹҡҡͷոշһĻ̼ģ絶־岻ѣʹ˫ƴܡ
أɫ˲֪ĶŮ֣Լ·ˡ
ңǺ·ˣⲻɽ·
ΧİĻվͱڣĹߣŮӵĿ־壬ӽؿһ飬֪ô졣
ͻȻһ΢ĽŲǶУŵɪɪȫĺëֱеĳתȥһɫȲӻ
˲ǱˣǴ뿪֮ǡɳޱɭеҶ硣
㣬ʲôˣ㲻ҪҶ㲻
ҶİףҶȾ׳ŵӲͷƤ
ǲҶҵˣ
ۺɫοɰò͸һ˿ϤеҶȾ֣Ҷ¶˵Цݣʵ
ô֪
ŮӵɴƯ۾Ծʵ
ǲҶ飿Ҷ緢ҶȾֺҶ鳤ü񣬲µݣʵ
ʶ
ҶһڵҶ飬ҶȾֶŮеĿ־˲١
ţҶ˵ͷǻ𣿡
ܺãҶȾգųĽëҶʵˣʲôԭΪʲôû㣿
ȼԻ˭Ҷ΢΢һЦûб¶ݣ߰ɣˣҸĵط˵
˵꣬ҶԶɽȥ
ҶıӰŮԥһ£Ǹȥ
Ⱦ֣˵˻᲻ϵʵͼıϵѪ߶ͼı
Ӯ꽫ѹһߣҶȾֶУʵ
ҶȾɫ΢΢һ䣬뵽ԼͺŮӵò뵽ѪļֵŵĴô죬һɫˣҪӰɡ
˸ҳޱɭ֣ʵԳңǲӮ˼һ£һźһ¶ֻҪ˶ǾͰȫˡ
¶֣ܻܿἤŭʱǻҡҶȾֵĵ˵
İɣҩǴӻʹرеõģɫζֻҪһ㣬ͻַʱвǣӮ괫
ǺãǾô죡ҶȾҧһ·ۺɫ촽˵ͷСԴ
طǾŰɣ
Ҷ緢ֶŮ۾еľ裬ûǿд뿪ҵһ鲼ľԵɽϢ
壬еˣȥҰζԣǣ
Ӯһ£˵
ãҶ˵ͷǲҪԶˣȻΣա
ף
˵꣬ŮǣС֣˹߻谵ɽС
Ҷɽʱһ¶һĨЦݣǿ֪ŮɱֻɽһֻɽͿĨҩ
һṦ򣬶Ůֻɾɽ˻ߵ˻ѱߣ֦Ϸ
ܿ죬һɹɢ˳ҶȾֽһֻĽƵɽݸҶ壬˰ɣֻɽԡ
Ҳǳ԰ɡҶ翴һͿĨŶҩɽҡҡͷ
壬Ǿĸ㿾ģ㲻ԣǻĵģ
ӮҶ߿˿˱ǵĿɽ˵
ϲ۵ģҳֻɣҶЦЦ˵

壬ι㡣
ΪҶͿĨŶҩɽӮȥˣһͣͿŴҩļȣذιߡ
ðɣԼԣ
ŲĿĲݣഺӮ꣬ҶҡҡͷӹеļȣԵ˶С
Ҷɹ˶ȣӮҶȾֶһۣһЦ׷
ǲ֪ȶҩҶ˵á
һҹʱܿȥҶɢϢ£ޱɭе޸ҿɽȣǺƽĶɹһҹ
߰ɣɽ
Ҷ³һһҶȾֶŮ뿪ɽȣޱɭȥ
С꣬ĶҩĹãôж󣿡ҶȾֿȵҶ磬ǵʵ
İɣ϶жˣӮԼĶҩΪţ¶ſɰС
ɳɳɳ
ŮԶԶҶڵθӵɭн˴ʱ䣬ͻȻһ̶ҶĦ˶ŮС
һ̣һֻ˶ȫźɫë¶ŷݵ޺ܴܳһƬïʢĹľԣס˶Ů
ޡ
ǰĺܣɢĳҶȾֶŮŵɫ԰ףɪɪվԭһҶˡ
໡
˫ѪĺܷſѪҧ˻еĶŮҪǡ
ǧһ֮ʣҶͻȻ֣һŽײеĺ߷ɵ˰УһС㣬ʧ


1353 
ˣɵˣ߰ɣ
Ҷ翴Ŀɿڴ뵽״̬ĶŮ΢΢һЦתޱɭȥ
С꣬˵жжˣôһ߷޺ܣҶȾֺһҶͦεӰ
ңҲ֪Ӯҡҡͷ顣
ҾܶûͼȻʵǸûзĻᣡҶȾִ
ϣɣ
Ӯ̾ϢһԼӿ˽ŲظҶޱɭд߳ľ죬޳ûޱɭ֡
뿪ޱɭ֣Ůһ뵽δӣǻ¶Ȼ͵֮ɫ
С㣬ڳˣʦأôûиһ
߳ޱɭֵҶȾֶŮػޱɭϽ˹һȹ̴ĵʵ
ΪǳˣҶȾֽҧ촽򵥽龭˳
ǵĻӦܻųҶ绺˵
ġҶȾֶŮ۾һҶ硣
ãǾͲ˵ˣ
߰ɣȥϽʳǿ
ҶȻҶûѪϵϾϽʳǳ󣬶һĸ飬ٻ￴̽̽ˡ
ǣ
İҶ磬ʵ
ҶѣҶ絭ػӦ
壬òﵱ׷߰ɣҶȾͻȻ뵽һֿܣգŴ۾ʵ

ǣﲻϲͣҶһҡҡͷ
С;ΣôƯˣ˭ϲҶȾְĴİҶһ۵
ϽλߣΪȷİΣ˲ޱɭѰ䣬ʣµˣҶȾֶŮصϽʳǡ
ţϽʳΪЩ
һʱ·Ҷһ˷صϽʳǣһƥͷϵҶ磬ԶԶԶϽʳǣֽʮȥˣϽʳǲûжٱ仯͸֮
ٽŴʱʮƥսϽʳбԼٶҶ˱
ɫӹյİ͹£޳˫Ƚؼսںڳ裬پ£òŮӣڳеҶȾֺӮ¶˼֮ɫ
ǽ㣬ˣ
ӢˬľŮӣŮŵˣӮ˷ܵ˵
ݼ
ŲľɫŮӣ˷׷
񣡡Ůö˵һŰĿҶ磬ĿƵӮŮϣЩֵ˵С꣬Ⱦ֣̫ˣ˹ʦڹʦ࣬ȣĲǡ
û£ҶȾֶŮ¶˼֮ɫ
ţ𻤷Ѷ֪Ѿҵ˹ʦɫŮӵ˵ͷİҶС꣬Ⱦ֣˭
Ӧﵱ׷ߣҲǵľˣûǿ߲ޱɭ֣ҶȾ˵
СѾͷҪ˵ҿɴδ׷Ҷ˫ۣЩ˵
лִ֮ϽлɫŮӴҶ缸ۣ¶м֮ɫ
лͲˡҶҡҡͷĿ˾ɫŮӲϴŵһϾ뵽С
ϾǵԼ͸Ǭףõģڷ˹Ⱦı
ιιٿӰβˡҽϽʳǵһŮ׷ҽˣûһҲаǧûϣ
Ӯ꿴ҶֱضžɫŮӣСӣ
ˣҶЦЦ˵ûп㲱ϾǬİɡ
ʶʦɫŮӳԾʵҶ΢ı仯
ԭǬͽܣҶ΢΢һЦûж˵ŰϽʳȥ
һ˸ո߽ϽʳǣҶüͷ΢΢һ£ǿƥսڿĽֵϿ񱼣ŵ·˷׷ܣȻĽֵʱûҡ
İþˣʲôܶң
ƥսסҶһˣһɫۣòȣɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ӣĿȵؿžɫŮӵ
Ƚæ
ɫŮ۾е񣬲䲻ȵ˵
İпҳԸôǺþûһԷˡ
ɣ㲻ҪҽˣҽѾˣӮ۾һתһĪҶ磬ͻȻ˵
ˡ˭
ɫһ˲۾б⣬ɭȻʵ
ǣ
ˮӣӮһţҧһ촽ָҶ
Ҷû뵽Ӯ꾹ȻԼƣüͷ΢΢һ壬¶ջ֮ɫ
ɱ
۾ɱһûиҶ͵Ļᣬ·ݽ档
ȵȡ
ɫŮû뵽˵İԵȻΪӮһ仰ҪɱҶ磬ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҫ
ٶ̫죬׷Ծ˰УںϸԵޣڰ֮ϵҶ硣
ͻȻҶɨһ۳ֵ֣лγǿѣ֮˵С
ۣ
ԾеͻȻѪڰһĻڳˡ
ֵѻȸ


1354 ͻ
㣬ʲôˣ
Ҷһ񣬾ͻԼ£ŴˣĿ־޷ΣӲܿƵĶ
֪˭
ҶĮ˵̡
飡ɫŮӿҶҪɱɣѸٵǰ
Ȼʮɣʵ£Ʒǧ׽̹ϵǳһϽ޾鷳
Ȳ
žɫŮǵҶ粻Ϊһһ֮Ʒӳ壬žɫŮӰ۵Ķ˵ɴ˫ۣŴɣԴ˽
㣬֪ɱĺ
ɫŮû뵽Ҷô󵨣Լɱɣ
ɱһϣкκҶĮ˵УҲϲƣҸǬӾˣ´Σûܾ
˵꣬ҶŰﳤȥ
ᣬļһ
Ӯ֪ҶոǷСͨ죬ʶҶֶΣоҶûŻԼ
ߣǻػʹҪ콫췢游ʦǣı
о̬ԣɫŮɨɾֵϵѪգӮ˼Ҵҵķص˻ʹ
ʮȥˣҶһӣ
ݼԭòҶլҶԺ˲ٷļ䣬̾ϢһȻϢĽ뵽Ҷլ
ţڳɾ磡
ҶլҶǿҶ顣
ʱҶһӢػ£ϥһƬɢŵԣޣɾ硣
ۣ
ɫҶؿһǣ˴Ѫɫɷûһ˿Ѫɫ
飬û°ɣ
ҶɾʧˣӢһǰΪøɾѪιһŵҩĵʵ
ʧˣҲ츳̫޷ɾ硭Ҷ̾ϢһɫȻ˵
۶ܲˣ⻹ʶҶ𣿡
ͻȻһº͵ɫȵҶһȣҶǰ
ҶҶ磡
ŹǰҶ磬Ҷסˣһξ֮еĸо
ҪŭӢӣҶ³֣Ҳ뵽УؿҶ磬۾Ǿη
ôʶˣ
Ŀɿڴ͵Ҷ飬Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
磬㣬ˣ
عҶ鼤ز᲻ۿת
ǡ·ϽʳǣǣҶЦЦĿͶӢӵķɣȻһ˲ţ۹ⲻ
ҶΰݼҶҶǰʦǬףἰǰ¼
ҶϽĴ棬丮Ĵ棬żҶЩн֪γƺ
ض񣡡Ҷ΢΢һЦȻķǬĵӣͺһְɡ
βңλֵ̿˵
磬ȥүүǰɣ֪һ˻ģҶָ˻õ̬Ҷĸ첲˷ܵ˵
Ȱ¾磬ȥǣ
˵ţҶóһƿɫɢŨŨҩƷ
磬ʲôȼĵҩ
оƷ̺ҩ͵⣬ҶĲһ£ɴ˫ۣԾʵ
ƷӦÿͻƵھ磡Ҷ
Ʒ
ߵȼ鵤ϽѼҪ˵翣ڹżвܼƷ
磬̫ˣ㻹ԼðɣҶһûҪֵɹƷ
ƷеǣǾ̫ͣҾùŵˣҶں˵ǽƷ£ҩ
ǺãҾͲˣ
ҶûҶҶηֱƷ
Ҷ˾ͣܲסƷڻͷŵİҩȫľ˲͵ޣ˾޴ʹѪ˿˳ſëף͸Ⱦϵ·
ҴǵĿھȫҩ
ҶֱָҶҶκϣͷǿĵ⣬ѹסƷͷŵİҩһ켶ڸǡ
Ҷһߴڣһ߽£Ҷ˿ٵ켶Ʒҩʵ
ʮҶ޾ͷʱ䣬һٳƿﵽɾ硣
ֹ˰ʱ䣬Ҷ飬ҶȺͻ˾磬ƷҩǲŽ˰ٷ֮һ
ʱһһһʱҶҶ򸾶ƷȫҩҶԤڵһ˫˫ͻƵһھ硣
ڰĻľ磬Ҷ򸾶һξеĸоȫˡ


1355 ŵǿ
һˣкöǣ
һͻȻ͵Ҷ򸾶˻ѡ
һ̣ۺɫ󣬽ο˵ҶȾѪɱ԰Ҫһϲ
㣬ô
ҶȾֿɰذͦΣ׿ȺԼҶʱһ£ʵ
Ⱦ֣񣡡
ҶҶȾֳײҶ磬ɫһǳ
ûϵʶˣҶ΢΢һЦŹ龫ֵҶȾ˵
˭
ҶȾգŴ۾İҶ磬ʵ
Ⱦ֣ҶҵĴ棬ﾭҶ硣Ҷ簮ؿҶȾ֣˵

Ҷ龪һû뵽ոӮһˣȻԼż񣬶ԼͬӮ¶
㣬ǳ˸ҶȾֺһݺݵһԼŵʵ
磬ȾѾˣҶЩʵ
ţǡ·ޱɭ֣ȾǿժȡѪʱ㳤úϳҶ˵ͷ
ѪҶ۾һɡ
Ѫ㣬ѪӦÿͻƵɾˡҶȾ̯С֣ϲ̵˵
ллҵĹŮѾҪѪˣɣҶḧһҶȾֵԴ簮˵
ѵѾͻƵɾˣѩҶȾ¶Ҷĸ첲ʵ
ڸոգ˸͸Ϊһŵҩ˫˫ͻƵһھˣҶмؿҶ
һڡҶȾֵһŵʵʲôҩô
һƷѣҶ絭˵
˵еĵ˾ˣ㾹д˵еĵҶȾֵɴ˫ۣ˼ؿҶ
ԼĸֱͻƵھĵҩѾ޷ֵж
磬ȾҺθΨһĺӣǵϣܲܡҶҧһ촽Щ˼˵
İɣٲȾֵĺöҶ΢΢һЦҶĻóһöƯǬָ͸˼СͨҶȾ֡
ҶȻع飬Ҷ崨ҶҸ߲㼤ѣҶ粻ڸߵϢҶҷˡ
ʱϽʹȴΪɱɱ֮£뵽С
ʦ˵¸ô죿۰ĶӣпܳΪ峤Ͻʳǣһưոݵģ
ɫŮӮİɱɱϢϽʵӮ磬ͻصϽʳǣһֱʹǬףǵ˵
İ˵һ񣬾±ӮӮİɵõһ
ţֱ˿Ȼ޷ģӮİ˵ͷ
Ǭ˵˵ʵﵽ˺εȾ磿Ӯ˼һ£ʵ
˵Ǭһİ˵ģ˵ʵ´ﵽ޷ĸ߶ȣǲˡ
ôǸˣӮе̬ԣʵ
ҺȾޱɭģ˵ʶȾֵĸҶ飡Ӯʵ˵
ʶ顭ѵǳˣǬ۾һ뵽һֿܣھȥҶң˵˭
ǾǬˣӮе
Ǭ뿪Ͻʳǲã֪ϢŭӲϽʹ
ϽһˮˮӲһʹɱһʹҪʲô
ŵѪеĻʹŵ˵ˣӮΪջʵ
Ӯ磬ٸװ⣬ѪծȻҪѪɱҶֺӮİϽ壡
ɫˣѪɫ۾˸ŨŨɱ⣬ݿܵľ
ǲ֪ɱ׵ݣȥİ֮޹أˡҲܽ㣡
Ȼʵ£ӮûãǿӲػӦ
Ӯ磬ΪϽ壿ץףӮİҾưոݡջвжֵļơ
ɱӵϽ԰ңİ˭ܴߣ
ӮҲ巢չݵĵزӮİ۰ŮӮİܵ˺
ӮİָҪأ
һһɫۣԴͷϡ٣òŹֵӣһӰߣԵ˵

֮ˣӮɫ䣬ʸţɵӮİ¶˿־֮ɫĪĲ
ڸʮһµţƿϽڵĺܶžƷǧ׽̡
ǰӣǣǧ׽Ķӣһ׼֮ˣֶμײкѪȣӮİ䵽ϣԱҪʹࡣ
Ӯ磬ޣҪôҽӮİߣҪôɱǣԼѡɣŰ˵ֱӽϽ˾·


1356 
Ͻһֱǧ׽Ĺ뿴ĵķϣŹİɣ
壬Ӯ绹Ӳ֣ǧ׽ǣӮȴôҲǿӲһ֮ļӣ
ô䲻
ɫ΢΢һһǿҵɱݵɢɱ֮ǿڳһϢĸо
֮˭̷ңĸֻǰãѽˣӮİҧһ촽վ˳˵
ûϵң˭ˣҽɱˣ֮ǿ˵
ҵδɱɵǸˣ
뵽ҶһۻֵֶΣӮİΪΨһϣӲͷƤ˳
Ӯ磬Ҷ֮ȻйأؽѪϴϽʹ飬ΪҶ𣡡һֻŭʨӣŭڣɱڵ
ң۾ɱһݿܵ
ʦѾȥˣܿͻӮİеϣǬϣǬҵҶ磬ȴϽģǻԵѡ
ҿԵȴʱ䣬ǲźһҡ
ǿӮİ޳ӣ޾׵¶һ˿ЦһץĻһֻݵĹצץӮİӣӲץԼǰ
㲻Ҫ˺İ
ӮİΣգӮһţð
ģôƯˣô޹ǣƼצһ֣ḧһӮİƵԹ԰·ˣҺúÿ㡣
㣬㲻ҪҪңԾӮİҧŷ׵촽˵
ԾҾͰǹ·ڻʳǳϣȻɱϽˣ¶ײеЦݣв
㡭
ˣҵޣٲ·ͱҴɱˣ
ǿޱߵ˵ɢɱһӮİߣˣԸеӲԽԽ
Ҿ㸸׿ɣ
˵һֻɢɫâǸֳ壬Ѫɫ۾һ㣬¶־ϽʵӮ硣
ңѣ
޷ĵˣӮİľˣΪ˱ȫϽ壬ֻԼ˫֣Ƶ˱һ⿪¿ۣ¶ѩỬ˫磬Ըеǡ

ۿӮİ·˫绬䣬һ̾Ϣʱ
һ̣һģӰӳӮİץס·С֡
㡭
ͻȻֵҶ磬Ӯİһ£кŵˮܿƵȾʪףҲһ̲
Ұɣ
ƯŮĪĲøУӮİˮȾʪ˵ľҶһ˿ϧΪϵ˽⿪Ŧۡ
δ򣡡
ŹֵҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ۾˸׹⣬˵
Ҳδ򣬵Ҷ𣬾ɣ
ҶӮİ΢΢ЩļʾȥһԣĮؿǵ
ԭɱҶ֣ҷǻ㣬ΪҶ𣡡
ɱ˻лҶļơ
ಣ
˻䣬һĽ֮ƷӳҶ΢΢ָ̧⣬һĨƲľ裬ųĽβֱӶ˵ԴС
ʲôˣ
ҶһָȻ˿ռ䣬ɱɾˣɫ΢΢һ䣬ᵽŨŨΣϢʵ
ž
شǵҶӳһƣµâֱӳǵգ˳ȥ
ҶһһԽǵԴ鱬ˡ
Ÿոջ߸ϣһǣգ֮һ㵹ڵϣڳһֲʵĸо
Ͻ˭ô󵨣쵽Ͻġ
Ҷ翴Ѫֹ¶ֵǣ˹ȥʵ
Ͻǧ׽̹Ͻ֮ڣֻǶŮɫȤûر飡
ԽԽҶ磬Ͼ֮ɫŨˣӲͷƤ˵
ǧ׽̻ûȡڵĽѵҶҡҡͷĮ˵ڣҸһĻᣬǧ׽̵˴Ѷ㡣
㣬㵽ҪʲôĺˣоҶǧ׽̵ϽʳǾ򵥡
ķϻ̫ˣҪ͹Թ԰˵ȥһ㣡
Ҷ粻ݿܵһ֮Ծ·ʱ£նǡ
ңҴѶ
ǱҶֶ˵µͳ˴Ѷǧ׽ѶϽʹµ˳ȥֵ
ϲ㣬ʱڱסˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦԾĽ֮Ʒֱ£ǽץѶ֣ʹధУˮ˱
ˣֵˣ
ǣҶ罫ĿͶ˾ӴܣҪѪϴϽʹ֣ͷŷʥ𣬽ȫڻʧؼ䡣


1357 ǧ׽̸
лǰ֮Ӯû
ʶҶ羪˵ֶΣӮ类סˣعӣм˵
㲻ʶˣ
̬΢΢Ӯ磬Ҷ΢΢һЦʵ
ǰǡ
Ӯով͸оҶЩ죬Ҷʵ̫ˣסûȥ롣
ϣôҶ綼ǵˣ
ʱǬ״ҴҸ˻һ۶ɱǣ˵
Ҷ硭
Ӯüëһ¶˿ϲͼ֮ɫû뵽ϽΣյʱҶˡ
Ͻʵ۱ҲҶͣ˵ҶĶ˸Ĺˡ
ԭҶ磡
δӮİöͬҶ¼󣬿Լż񣬶ŮĲӮİиǲһ˿
߰ɣȥ˵ǧ׽̵Ҷ翴鼤Ӯ磬
磬ʮδʵѾɳ޷Ĳˣ֪Щ꣬㶼ȥˣ
ڽ֮Ǭ׿žƷ裬һһ·شƵҶ磬пʵ
Щȥ˲ٵط
Ҷ򵥽ԼЩľ˳˲ҪϢ
ô𣿡
Ҷ署ӮİƯ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ţܾʣҲΣգʺκȥҶ˵ͷ
ҶҶǰȥ翴ܴ𣿡Ӯİҧһ촽һ۽ӻоȳҶ磬ʵ
ȥĵطʺ㣬޷ߡҶҡҡͷίľܾ
ǬʮȥˣϽʳΪЩأҶ翴һɫȻӮİתƻ
ⶼΪǧ׽̣ӶϽԴٰɵģǬ̾ϢһϽ˳
ǧ׽̾Ȼݶթ׹ȵԴԽԽˣû޵ţûҪˣ
˽⵽࣬Ҷǧ׽̡
ҹԽԽ
Ǭ£Ҷס˻ʹԺУȴǧ׽̸ֵ
¹Ǭ׶̸ʱҶ͸ǬһöǬָװдĵҩõõǬ̤֮硣
ڶһ磬ɣǿϢϽʹϿգ˼ž
Ӯ磬ôĹֶԸǧ׽̣˺ҶұϽ壡
һĿݣ˫΢΢ЩףһӣվһֻĿ¶׹ĺӥ֮ϣӸµػϽʹ˶ɱǣɱڵ
׽ЩϽʶǧ׽ĹɻأȴǵİٰѹϽʹͱƷˣ
ΪҶӮӲ࣬һ֮ڽ˳һζײǧ׽硣
Ӯ磬֮˸㲻Ҷײˣ۾˸ŨŨɱâϾϣһ֪ǧ׽ԣǶô޴ľ
˵ţָָâӮ˫ȣҪ˫ȶĥ
ָâӮʱȴʧˣ·ָâڡ
˭˭ҳ
Լָâʧɫ΢΢һ䣬һٴеĺǳ
ڸľ滹
Ҷ̤ճ֣˼Ԧ޵ʮǧ׽̸ǰƽ˵
飬շУǿߣ
Ҷ̤ɵǧ׽̸֣ȫ־ȡ
Ҳû뵽ϽȻһǿ߳
ǰζǧ׽̵Ĵǰ̧ǣǱ֤պҲϽ鷳
֪ǿߵĿ£ԽԽҶ磬һĸоæ
ûԺˣ
Ҷҡҡͷγ˿µѣĻ꺣Уֱӽɱ꣬塣
һ̣ڰеҶʩչѣǰѪϴϽʹǧ׽̸ֺֻޱŨŨѪƮ˸оܲʵ
ĿҶ粻ɫɱ˵ֶΣӮ˵ģò˹ڵأĤݡ
Һվһˣ
ӮİҶʵ۷̾Ϣһһ˿СҲҷ
ǧ׽̵鷳Ҷû뿪ϽʳǶһʱ䣬Ǭףַĵʵ
ӮİǬ׵ĹϵҶ綺ڼ䣬һֱߣϵ⡣
ҶòֱѩӮİкøУ͸ٻԵһżƷ쵤Ϊõ
ˣλʵҲͷˣһƮɽԼ±ţǲòסϣٻʱԿϽĻԻʢ
һºҶǱǬףӮˣԦۿԽ˼ǵص˶½ĺ硣


1358 Ǭ֮
ڻˣ
Ҷվڼ۵ϣ˼Լһȥ
ȻӦˮ̣Ǿȥһ˰ɣ
˼һᣬҶ̾Ϣһȥףˮ̵Σ˵
֮Ҷóĵͼ˰ķλݿȥ
ٶȼ۷ɵԵһɽ࣬Ⱥɽ֮ʱҶĸ֪쳣һϤϢ⵽˾׷ɱ
䣬Ȼ
ӦΣҶȷ⵽׷ɱ֮ˣǵַʶΪ˺ˬ䡣
뵽䵱ά֮Ҷûԥۣٻڵķλȥ
ʱƼأһֱ۴ǰǿ׳ϲѪۣѪʳɽС
䣬Թɣ
һͷݻƣİС˾۷徳ĺ߱һһԽԽսն˵䣬Ҫ룬նɱ
Թŵȼսص㣬ֻӲһֳ׼ʥѪ굶ȫֵ
ۣ
ӲսһһһѪ׹䷲ʯ׹棬ҳһӡ
һش䣬ߵ˾ܾҪʤ׷׷ʩչɱУ䣬Ҫһٻɱر
ͻȻ׹صǰһģӰһ˺ѿռ䣬ռѺ۰Ľâգֵס쾳ʩչĴɱС
һ̣ϳʥ籡Ҷ壬ĵߣգ˾ܱˡ
Ǻˣ
ϳʥУʵɲģӰɫ΢΢һ䣬ɭȻʵ
֣㻹ðɣ
ҶûߵĻջϳʥףĿͶ˼أѪֹ䣬ʵ
㡭
ҶϤףһ¶֮ɫû뵽ԼΣյʱ̣Ҷ־Լ
֣ŵҩٷ£ĸˣ㱨𣡡ҶóһŴݸ䡣
Сģĸˣóϻ֣սؾܣ
ոҶһ𾪲ѣѸٷҶĴĶ
İɣκβң
˵ţҶȼħѪӲϵر󣬳ɫгɱرΧĿܼˮơ
޹أҪ˻ˮ
Ҷħ֮ɢƣᵽһ˿ΣյϢؾ
Ǭ𣡡
Ҷû߷ϻһһ˰Ǭ֮壬Ŵ̶ĿĦ˺ˡ
󣡡
оǬĿ£иֳһͼ˷ֱվ˹ͼĽǣͼ֮۳һḥ̂붯ſռ䣬ֵǬĹ
͡
һ˰Ǭ֮ĥײһ˲䱬Եγޱߵķˣϯܡ
ͼУ֯ĵĥ󣬳һؾܵĹǬ󾭹˰ƷʥǸϳһƷʥܵסġ
һϵܼı۵ĵĥˣһǬ֮ϮɱˣǲϵʩչɱУǿĹŵеֵ
ǬǬһ
˺סǬĹʱҶһһ˰Ǭ֮ںһ𣬻һʮɳ֯ųڽͭǬ޽գնɫޱ˾ܡ
أ
Ǭ޽޵еĽ£һŵӲնˡ
ͷյͼҲһ޴ѺۣµĽ֮µĳˮĺ˵ϣƿ˵ķǴӰ˵棬ܵ˼صĴˡ
ȵȣˣҡ
û뵽Ҷʵ˵ĿֲԼǰһæԼݱҶʩѹ
˭ûã˭Ȳǣ
Ҷ籾ޣڵˣ飬˺ߵĻ۳鼶ͼ뵽ǬͼУǬ
飬鼶ͼ
Ҷ۵ĵͼﵽ鼶˵׷׷˵ֿҪܡ
κǬĹٶ̫죬һ˰Ǭ֮ٻγһƬϯصĽϯ棬Ľɱ
ͷۣ
һ̣˷׷ȼǿѪ仯ǿͷռֳ̬Ҫ˺ƽܡ
ԿƷʥǬ˵Ĺò԰޷ƿܡ
һҽֱ壬һƬʧؼ䡣


1359 ͻƣ쾳
糾ʵôɳô죡
ɴ˫ۣҶնҶɱ˾ܵһĻˡ
޷ʱ䣬Ҷ羭ʲôΪʵ˴
ҵ𣿡
Ŀɿڴ䣬Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ʥʦȻµĴڣ
뵽Ҷǿʥʦ֮һ۾һ˼
֣ô⵽˾׷ɱҶʵѵĸг𡣡
ĸԩ޳𣡡̾ϢһⶼΪҳؾʧģĸұ̫ɽشҪɱԽر㣬ҿǶ֡
ԭΪĸȻɱҶ˵֣Ҹȫĵط˵
ã
˵ͷҶ뿪ƮŨŨѪζɽ֣ɵɽһɽС
֣Ϊ뵽ؾû˸㻤𣿡
ؾͬСɣһ˳ʱиѹ
ҴˡұΪ˾۷壬ٽƬͻؾ̫ɽҵҼľȫĵƣδܵסͻʧܣ̾Ϣһ
ûϵʧ˿ξ飬´һͻؾį䣬Ҷο
糾㻹н𣿡Щʵ
У
ҶΪ˺ˬкøУύϻʮƬʮִ󷽵óƬ
糾㿪۰ɣƬҪˡĿȵؿƬһҧ˵
֣֪Ʒ쾧𣿡
֮ڤʮһս̺ʣ޼ҶڼҪƷ쾧ܲ
ԭƷ쾧̫̫ɽʱȫùˣҡҡͷ֪𣿡
ɣƬ͸㣬պŪƷ쾧ٸңҶûжթ䣬󷽵˵
糾ҽˣм˵۳ɹҶᱨ㡣
֣ҿƼأŵҩ㣬кôҶָżֵߵĴ
л
ûҶƬӡУӹŴ̵˶Уٵǿҩˡ
ԼʱŴҩˣҶȺɽɽ߷壬׼һս̫е̫ɽؾ
֣ս̫ɽؾɣ㻤ⷽء
Ҷ翴Żָƣȵ䣬ٴ͸żֵƵĹŵԱʱ֮衣
糾ĴûϣܸұĻᣡҶ͸Ĺŵм˵
˵꣬һϢֳ׼ʥѪ굶˾죬ʧããƺС
ڣ֪ûȤսе֮쾳
̫ʱҶ罫ؾ۷ٻ˳ʵ
е֮ܿ£Ŀǰʵ͵ֻ̣ϣսɹ
Ȼʵ£뵽ս֮ѶȣȻеĲ㡣
ҸĻأ
Ҷһֵɹɿ֮Ļ˳ʵ
ģҶ٣㾹ʥüͷһƣ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫģоԼɰգͻƵ쾳
ٸһӵ֮֮أ
ҶʮҪսͻƵ쾳ҶİܴҶûģóһ֮顣
Ҷ٣۳ɹҶһԣҶٳȫҶóڵ۾
֪ѵãһӿ¶̤һ
ãϣ㲻Ҫʧ
Ҷ罫ֵƷʥĺһ֮͸ڣе
Լһʱڽ״̬ѣ˺ؿռ䣬뵽ߵһ죬ս£½µ֮һ֮쾳
䡢˫˫ս췣߾ʱҶϥ׸ߵɽۣһҺḥ̂ǿĥ꣬εĴ꣬꾳硣
ʱһȥ
Ҷŷ˵ʹĥһ꣬һҺʱо䣬֮ɻصɽۡ
Żˣദ¶ɭ׵ĹͷȣϢʮ౶ڣҶ¶Цݡ
ллҶٳȫ
ڳҶؾһм˵
ûҶ磬ڼΣյ֮ϴ£ͻƵ쾳Լյ롣
ڣߺúðңгһշһָ֮
鼤̥ǵڣҶŵ
ллҶ٣
˫ϥأȫŷ


1360 
ͻ쾳ûãϢƺ˼žɽϿա
Ȼ˱ڸأǿ׳弸ûһ⣬һֱ۸Ǳɽ飬ҶȴоϢ췭ظı仯ʵǿʮ౶
Ȼڶս̫ɽɹͻƵؾ
֣ϲԸͻƵؾҶ翴ẕ̇ɽ۵䣬Ѹٸιһŵҩϲ
糾ҵĽ͹ŵûǣҾͻƵؾͷɢ˺۵䳤һм˵
Լʱ³һڹ̾ɽֱۣҲʢ֮޸ˡ
̫̫ˣٸһλᣬҿûսˣ
뵽̫ɽϴ񣬳ؾḶ́Ȼº²ѡ
ǽ̫ɽĿǣ֮쳣ǿѾ̫С
ôɹˣΪؾܣҶЦ˵
糾ҵĶ飬Ҳ֪α𣡡
䷢ĵĸмҶ磬Ҫ˵ͻƵؾ˵Ѿɱˡ
̫ˣҲպҪĵطҶЦЦ˵
糾ҪһȰɣҴ磬磬Ӧ쾧ȥҪֹ˵
ˣлȥ㣡Ҷҡҡͷ
糾ʵȥȻһ°УЩ˼˵
ʲô£Ҷʵ
Ҵһζҩˣ
ǡ
ҲˣҴʮɢ֮һɡЩԺ˵
ɡ
ҶʮɢЩ˽⣬֪ʮɢΪغ͵͵һˣʵ£дɵʵڵ֮ϣɼʮɢǰ
ҴǰЩ죬֮壬һǱ쾳ʵʱ֮˵˸˺ϵҪָһΪʥƷʥָܻơ
ʥ̫ˣæԵɡ
֪Ǵƻʥ𣿡Ҷ˼һʵ
ˣ˵ͷֵ˻ʱ䣬һƻʥġ
ðɣŵùңҾȥȰʥƷʥѶȼֻɵİգ
Ҷڵտе֪Уһ飬մӦ
лл۳ɹǶл㣡м˵
߰ɣȥȣ
˵ţҶٻۣ£ȷȥ
죬֪ȴڵҲ֪࣬ȵˣǼɵѡ
һλ˴⣬ؾܹ桢ħԼ䡣
ȻΪ֪ǰ䶯һ£˻йء
ھĵϣʵɲĸ֣ɱһλүڵʮܣݻڸ䶯硣
ˣȾǰʮɽ
ʱ·ٶȼۿԽ˼ɵһƬޱߣɽɭϿա
糾ȥʮɽʩ˲ٽƣԦ޷ȵġ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷۣ뵽˹ľ죬ɽ͵ֵʮɽУһĹ켣ڴɽн
Ĳַ
ҶʮɽнʱԼٵʮɽźܶĽƣԴߣҪôʧڴɽ֮УҪô⵽
ڣҶ䣬ʮɽн˴ʱ䣬˴ɽԶʮɽ廷۳ɹȣŨ۳ɱɽ֮翳
Ǿֵ˵ˣҪ֪ҽһ˻ģָԶԡŨŨеȵ
󣡡
Ҷ۾һһȼߵľ󣬹мʵʵǾġ
磬磬㣬㿴ҽ˭ˣ
Ҷ߽ɫˣļ紺ɾһʱɤӴ
ģҪСУΪˣôģ
鲼ۣͷȣ̴ħһľ˳ǳ
ˣüͷһƣߵ˵ʲô˴˵Ķ硣
㣬ô
ħûлشĻǽĿͶַйһ֮ԵҶ磬¶֮ɫʵ
㣬糾˵ġ͵
ԭ뵽Ҷݣħϵĵ˼ֵ䣬糾ȴƬ̣һеȴΪ֮˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷһ֦ҶïĹľ£ŹŨĵصȴ


1361 

мҺ̬ܵͻȻ궯纣ɰٴһ㣬Զһľӿȥ
Լʱ䣬ӿָֻƽ
ʱһɫͦɣ˫΢΢Щ׵Ӵľ˳
ӵһۣҶ羪ķ֣ԼȻ޷ĳ࣬һ׽
û뵽ڹľ£ԼҶ磬Ʈò¶ѵõЦݵӦý糾Ҷ硣
ʶң
һԼҶͫһ¶˾ͳԾ֮ɫϵشɵݡ
㲻ҪţҶûж⣬ֻһλἰ㣬֪
ɿĿ˸ļƽҶ磬˵
ˣ֪еĹ˭Ҷɫʵ
ûлشҶĻ˫ȴˮһγһ̣ڵ֮УֵСҡҷųβͣζ
˫̣
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յϿͻȻڣͻȻ·ĩһ㡣


1362 ݣı
ƣǽƣѵ糾ɹˣƳƷʥˣ
ͻȻֵĽƣ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫԾڵ£ҶȻƳƷʥ١
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⵽ٹҶ粢ţѸٻ鼶ͼסգǿŵٵ赤֮Żʥɵٶȡ
ʥȻ˵٣ٵޣټ鼶ͼһ֮ࡣ
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Ҷ絽ʲô
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ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ҷ磬ųصӴӲƵ˳һŲµĻʥݸɡ
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1363 ɽ
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˼һᣬҶɽ֣ץĸ֣ѻ꣬ȡҪϢ
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1364 ֮
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Ҷ³֣һӰɽס־尧УԶѻꡣ
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֪ҪϢҶû飬ָ΢΢ֱԴɱ
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糤һɽɽ֮Ҷǿɽ֮вصĽƣɽ֮һ˺ɽ֮С
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Ҷ糤һó˴Ѷ飬һʱ佫Ϣɡ


1365 µĽ
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쾳ܣ
о׷˲䱬Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫزƣһȫһʩչ֮ŭŰ׷ߣɢľ

⵽׷߱ȫŭˣŭһ˲һҶǰɱУҪȽɱ
׷߹ٶ죬Ҷ練Ӧ죬̤ѸܣԶ˰׷ߣܿĴɱУ
Ҷʹ׷֮ʣ֮½ץסᣬһǹ죬˺ɽŹˣ˺ؽƣԼٶȸ˹


1366 
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׷߱һƼ֮뵽Ѻ۵ĽУǿ˽ƵҶ˵Ĺ뿪Ļᡣ
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ʩչɱ޷˺ƽƣ˷׷ȼǿѪ֮Źȫ
ʱ׷߼սһɵĶŭҡ
ռ䶼һɹɿµײ£ģŤ·ռ伴һ㡣
ǲҪ׷ˣǵ޷ռƵģ
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ǿɲһҶЦһٻɿճɿճ棬ȫƽ
ӵҶɿճݿٵĥӿռڳһҧ˼ӲޱȵĽƿռ䡣
ʲôӣ
ⷢɿճ潫֮ƵĿռҧһСȱڣ׷ˡ
ҽ֣Ҳҷģ
ץס׷߷ĵĻᣬֱǹںһ𣬽֯һ͸ռǹâŴ֮ƣϵع׷ߣѹĹƣڽڵİˡ
ȫѹư׷ʱɿճɹµĿռҧһ˶ߵĽȱڣҶ˳ɹ뿪صɽ֮С
Ƿͷ£ҵ֮ôѶϵ
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ɽ̫֮ټɽнأ谭Ҷ˵֪̽Ҫɽ֮ҵ֮졣
֮أ
˼һᣬҶͻȻɽ֮ȥ


1367 
Ǹ˲ÿ
ҶٶȼķɻصɽǸʱɫףֳַǹֳֳǹָ
ľ棬Ҷ粻Ϊ̤˳ǸС

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Ҷ̤һ³µĽͼޱȵĽ֮Ʒ˴ĳǹ䴩壬ǵɱɱ
أ
Ҷһȭµȭâ˼Ӳޱȣɸߵ׸ţ뵽еĳǸС
󵨣Ǻˣôҿǻòͷˡ
һŭıһɫףĿߴ󣬽ɫ裬һֻëʨӣս޻ʾ̤֣ۣͭ
ƾҲң
ҶͫһѨڽעȭУһȭȥ
ӡ
Ҷһȭ䱬˲ɫʱˣתǿ֮͵㼯ǰ۳һö·̺ĹӡӭҶѹµȭâ
أ
ǿĹײһ𣬿Ӵӡ飬µĶײ˲佫ˡ
ڿ¶֮ɫҪʱǰ˵⣬ɱͭӹ񷣬һ߳һ룬⡣
ˣ
ҶɱʱһǿͼֳҵĳǸסҶ磬ؾܣ˾ܣԼʮս޻ʸһͬ֡
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ǧɱϮɱҶٻһ˰Ǭ֮ԼͷγǬͼƵϮɱ
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ıɱͼ鲣һˣѺͼӣƿؿɱͼɽǱһˡ
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ţ롢ǽ֣˲Ϣ֮ͽеɽشѪĵڵϣá
ѻ꣡
ҶһԵɽһһѻ꣬ǿл֪ǵ䣬Ը֪֮λá
·
ᣬҶ̺͵ƣױ¶
֪֮λãҶɱɽˣʥȼ˳ŨŨѪζĳǸٻǬԼٶȷɻص˳Ƶɽ֮С
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Ҷ忰ʥޣе޶һ˿˺
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׽ֲҶٻɿճ棬ƽ֮Ϣλøɵˡ
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ӣһ飡
ƽУҶ翴·һ㣬֮ɲ֮ںף֮ϿգһżС̺ź֮顣
̺Ӿһʥҵȼ͡
ҶСʱһǿ
һ̣иֳһϵ꣬ɢ޵еҶ˼в


1368 ޵
࣬ʲô
ֳĲĿ׺ݵؿҶ磬ʵ
ѵ˶α֪ʲôȴңеȤˡ
Ȼǰǿ󣬵ҶȴȻ壬ƿصɱ꣬ؼ
СеɱȻ˵ϣһʱ㻹Ӳ
˵ţڰеӳ޾Ĺâ޾֮ٵػ㼯γһֻµ֣֮ݻѹգĴҶ硣
Ǭ󣡡
ȼĸߣҶ粻Ҵ⣬ѸٻǬ󣬿һ˰Ǭ֮һӲֵ֮Ĺ
һ۳һֻµ֣֮󺣰ĵ֮ѹҶ硣
鼶ͼ
ҶһĶã鼶ͼֳ壬ͷ㼯γ˵⺣󣬻ſռ䣬Ϯ֮ס
ţ鼶ͼ¶֮ɫͺʵȻ㾳磬ϵܲ٣ҲõϵܣĻᡣ
»ҰҲǳ˵Σ
ҶЦһͭڽǬУǬӲɱ˵֮֡
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걩һͷӳƺ޾⣬֮ٵۣγһſŹʯݻŴ򣬺ɱҶ硣
ǸߵȼʥټϲٿĲʵһſ֮򱬷ĹɻɽӣأҶ˼вһ˲ѡ
ͼ
Σʱ̣Ҷٻ˾ͼƺ嫵ĵ֮ڽ˾ͼУ۳˾֮飬ǰգʯϮ֮
ܣ㣡
Ҷž޴ѹһĶӲ깥ʱ˴˲ϱɿճҧĿռƣҶߣֳƷʥƹŵһ𹥻˲ꡣ
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˵ţڲͷӳĿ⣬֮ںһй֮ڽ˲С
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ۿħ˱µһնУҶʱ֣Ƕ˻Σ
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е˼û뵽ʵշʥ飡¶֮ɫҾ죬ͨ챾Ҳûá
˵ţǶͷϣ·ֻ۾ӳ֮붯գֱӷʥĹ
ǬǬһ
ʥ鹥飬Ҷȼ֮ѪűͭڽǬУٿһ˰Ǭ֮ںһ𣬴ſµĵ⣬նն˲ꡣ
Ҷȫ˲䣬Ҳ׷ʩչɱйҪ֮شꡣ
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ĹɻصĹϮ֮γһСɽĻ¯ѹײȥһٷҶ˵ĹײȫĽܺͻƽս
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Ҷ˵Ĺ꼤ǿͷų󺣰嫵֮ϯգɱҶˣҪһٽǺɱ
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Σʱ̣Ҷٻ˾赣ȫĻͰĵڽ˾С
Ҳͬһʱ䣬ǿĵ͵ͼڽУž赵۳̺֮ľɱ˺캣֮ɱ˲ꡣ
ļƷʥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬󣬵ǰӲɱĹ
䣡
ʥײһʱγɵķֱ˺׿ռ䣬γޱߵķ籩ϯҶˡ
ۿҶ˱µĻ籩ϯһģӰ֣̤һתƣرɫ
һɼﵽ缫޵գӲֵס˻籩Ϯ


1369 ս
硭
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ɱ׷ߣҴҸĿؿŲ꣬˵
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Ȼֻһֵ⣬ȴߵĳ̶ȣҶһֵⶼҪǿ
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飬һУ
ɴвʥϮɱ
Ϯϰµ֮գϯƾɡ
ƣ
ɱһеǹһצư˺Ϯ֮һǹƵ˲Ĺ
ˡ
ʱٵĻһ죬գɱ˲꣬Ӳˡ
꼤սһʱҶѸ㣬籡֮֮ԣƸԵĹŵʥ֮Ҫ
⵽֮籡֮ͻȻǿɲǼ䣬ռˣ˺Ĺŵ˲䱻֮ѣ׹䵽һԡ
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䣡
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ǿ
о֮˲Ϣ֮䱻֮飬ҶѸջ˾ͼ֮ľٻ˳
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ľһĿǣҶƻľԽԽɫ룬ӿȵ֮Уûľ֮
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о֮ٵʧһ¶˲˼֮ɫԽԽĻľ
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һľһɳܳɳΪҶһɱﵡ
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ۿ걻˺ɱע뵽У鹥ʵ䣬Ҫɱ
ǧһ֮ʣǰһɳǰֳƷʥǹ˷ϣӲֵסɱһ
ۣ
귢һ̫ȻֵסǱͷŵˣһѪ˳˳
һ˵ɣ֮ǿ˺˷ߣһĨǣû뵽˾ҷڵ֮С
ãҪ֮ǣ
о֮ʱ֮ӿļµĻ֮ɫ΢΢һҪս뿪
ˣɣ
ռ䣬ӻɵͻΧٶȣ֮ĵ
ľѹ飡
Σʱ̣Ҷƻľ˼ը֮ѹй֮ռ顣
磬ߣ󣡡
ľǿѹʱҶ˴
У̫ΣˣɾܾҪһߡ
磬ҲЦģ֮ըҲ£Ҷߴٵ£շ顣
⡭һСģһĿᶨŴܵҶ磬ϵߣǸ뿪
˵꣬һǹ˺ʧȥѹصĿռƣŹȥ
ͻȻһں
µ˲ݿ˿ռ䣬ʮɽкʧ㲻ɵˣҲɱĻ֮Ʒ˳ȥ


1370 Χ
磬˵ܲ°ɣ
֮ըˣѪģ˼ص䣬һѪĵ˵
İɣܲ³ç֮ˣŴܣµġ
ͬɣѸٷһŵҩصĺף
ಡ
һˣһߵȴҶʱһ̶ƿ
ӵɽµϢʮͨ˹ʮУʵͨ쾳ܡ
ãˣ
оʮǿϢصħɫ΢΢һ䣬˵
ܳһͬ뿪
֮ܵը˲ԼͬˣУħأһζΣա
Ҷ֪û뿪ִȴ
ɶʲôˣΪλ֮
֮Ծ˵شĹˣǾԴȪһȥԾ˵Ǽʧ
ߣӿˬǡأѪһŵػӦ

īɫۣϲƣһֻ̤ײģ̬ӵ쾳߱Ļŭˣŭһֻն
һ˺ƥĵ⣬һ˲䣬ʱ·𶼾ֹˣµĽâգ֮ǰҪ롣
ߣ
Σգһ͵س鶯һմѪյӣʱǰĿռ䷢˴壬ֱӷ쾳ֻնĽâ
ţ㵽˭
ͷƤŮϸۣгۣ纮ǵ쾳üͷ΢΢һ壬ʵɣ
˵ǰˣ𣿡ֵںߡ
λ棬ҪǷϻˣǺסǲ˵ʵ
һɫƳۣͷڣȲؾӣĿ׺ݵؿˣ˵
ãǣǶԸʣµˣָŸǿΣոоɵץڣҪ֪ǵݡ
ǣ棡
˼أӲδǷ
Сĵ㣬ΣҪ֧ŵܳһͬ뿪ɽǹ
İɴ磬ѣһŤǵĹͷ
һ֮ˮŵУһֲֳѪ굶һֳ׼ӭսܡ

߼Ĭתͬһʱ֣˷·̲صӡɡ
ŤſռӡϮֳǹȫӭֻǹмٵķһУſµ⣬һǹöӡ
һǹƵ˵ĹоΣա
ٶȼˣ˲һֳӳɽƷʥʩչɱй塣
ݻ֮Ƶʥޱȣиһеɴ˼в
ۿɱʩչɱлУһʧˣڵĵطն׵ĺ蹵
ÿٶȣ
û뵽ٶô죬˲䲶׽ɵλã֯һ콣â˺գ֮ը˵ɡ
˷
һѹסƣ£˲̳˰ǹ˰ǹâΧʩչɱС
䣡
˽ɵƻ̫ǿʯľزϵըѣʯɣµͬؼһڴӣϵ𶯣
һжӲ˹ʱصĹȴ˼Σգʮȫѹסƣ
ȥɣ
ץסأٻĻᣬӻ֮¯һΡĴɽݺݵ䣬ļƷս£Ӱصĺס
ۿ׹أѺ۵ĺͻȻһ󶴣ҶӶһѱס˻Ѫ䣬Ѹһŵҩ
ܣû°ɣ
ŽסԼҶ磬䳤һŵ˵ء
İ磬ҺأҶɨһΣĹˣ˴˾ͻΧ뿪˵
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Ҷû£ҲǿͻΧ뿪
ŭľȴͻΧĻᣬ׷ʩչǿĹſռ䣬ҪΧǡ
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˵꣬Ҷ罫ľǿзӡ˳
飬㾹Ȼõ飡
Ҷе飬׷˵۶ʱˡ
ھ˵֮ʧѸɵˣΧɱҶ硣
磬ǿߣҪңұ֤뿪
Ҷ翴ŲƣϮɱˣ
ãౣأ㣡
뵽֮ըδ˺ҶֺɵϣصˣͻΧ뿪ˡ


1371 ȫ
ȥɣ
׷һŮһϸ۵˫иֳͼݻռڶһ̣֮ɱҶ磬ҪɱҪ顣
ܣƽս񣬵ֵ
֮֮̽ʣҶٻֵǰס˰׷̡֮
콣𣡡
ͬһʱ֣һӿգɱ顣
һݻ֮ľ֮£Ϊ֮ҶᵽŨŨϢ
Σʱ̣ҶǬУǬ᲻ɴݵķܿʩչĴɱС
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Ҷʧӵɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ռ֮ӵпռ֮
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˵꣬ҶһеİִͳǬڲݺύѺۣݵĿռС
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׷ߵ˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȣʹͻΧܡ
ʱǬ򣬽ѪʨǷӵ·Ƿһһ
ʱǰɱɵ˵ľֻ֣ʣ¿֧ŵߣȫ֮ƻɱˡ
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֮Ѹײڶ֮ƻɱо֣Ҷǵ˴͵ǬУԼٶɽ֮ȥ


1372 
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䷢׷ɱҶ磬ʵȴûȥҶ罫иȫɱ顣
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ܣǻ𣿡
䰮ֵظҶ͸׼ʥŷʵ
һȲˣ
ˮԼֻʣʱ䣬Ҷ粻ٵʱ䣬ҡҡͷ
磬Ҫǰæ𣿡
֮֮£ɶҶӵĿأʵ
ĿǰҪҪʱһϵǵģҶҡҡͷ
ǺãǾͻˣûǿ󣬻˵סʵĺܣ˽˵鷳һ֪ͨǡ
лл磡
Ҷ˵ͷůůġ
ܣأ
ɣ˴ǱҶ磬뵽ҵɽ
ʱȥˣ
ɵ뿪ҶٻۣԦ۷Ծ죬ԽʳǷȥ
ʳǵ;УҶһսƷõ飬Ʒʥİ׼ʥһ׼ʥ׼ʥʮŹŵʮƷ쾧ʮƷ쾧ļƷ꾧
Ʒʥİ׼ʥǬˣ
ҶԴջ⣬ǿƷʥΪ׼λڶ괦ѨУǿʵ
ҧָҶǿнѪ뵽УǿжѪ
ˡ
ںҶ羫Ѫһǿӿ籼ϮĳˮҶ꺣֮УһŲϵף쳤Х
ԣɣ
Ȳ׹Ҷ꺣꣬Ըֳ꺣˿µɺڶ˲ףӿȫˡ
ȫַ˴ϸҲֹͣ궯ںҶָľѪ
ȻһƷʥ
ѪҶ֪Ϣһ̺ź֮Ʒʥһںϣʵӵǿ֮
飬ڣ
ҶסʹӲѨƤڽѨ
ȫʱ֮ĻľʼͷžڽУʵ
ͬʱ֪ɽ⵽Ϯ֮£뵽ŭС
ʲôô󵨣ɽе֮ɱչǣ
ۣü͸֮۾ľʵ۵֪ɽ£ðɵ
ʣȥԮĽϵ˻ûдϢڶ෽飡
һɫ׵ӣڻУԴֵ̿˵
еҲ飬Ҫ֪Ǽ˵ݣҪǾ壡
۵۾еɱâԽԽǿң֮ڶ˾һǵǵеˣĹؽܵӰ졣
ʣɽϢ
ڻѹֵ˴ʱһɫ׵ӼҴҵ˽˵ϣ΢΢Щ˵
˵ʲôϢץ𣿡ɫˮĵ۵
ɽϢȫûﳤȥ֪١ڵϵĽӣ֪Ϣ˳
ʲô
һϢڳȫɵۡ
ôܣϺ϶쾳ܣôܱɱ
ѵǰ˸ɵģ
ҾߣԶ
жʱը˹ߵľڸ۷׷ף뵽С
죬ұ죡
۽Ǽޱȵĵ۵һ˽ͷ֣ϵĺǳ
۵ŭӵĽʱ
Ҳ飬׵Ĳ飬ݵأҲҪҵ֣飡
ھ˵ΪҪһſ飬ѹžŴŴںһ𣬸ɼƷʥ̣Ǿ֮֮һ
ʧһ飬ʧȥһƷʥǵĵ̣ʧܲ
һ֮쾳Ϣһ㴫磬ǧˡ
ǰ뵽У׷ײ²׵ݡ
Ȼ󲨣붯ѰʱҶԦۣ뿪˾˰С
ˮ̣Լ


1373 С
ʳǣĳǳ֮һڰԴͷɽ࣬Ʈ쳣Ũ
ǰĹǳعģȻǻҪ󣡡
һʳ⣬Ź񹤣޽ΰ׳İҶ粻ɵøп
˳һֱĴ·߽ʳǣҶ緢ֵֽϵĸּ࣬ս޻ʸ洦ɼܶܿ
ʱ᪻ʳ̫Ҷסһһǰ᪻ʹס
ջסɡ
û߶ԶһƬۼɫӡ뵽ҶɫУһߣȫɹľɣɫʮľĿջ
ո߽ջӵĶУʱջеʳ̸ͣɽ쾳顣
֣˵˾һ֮ɱ˾쾳ܣ
һɫ΢΢ЩСź룬Բ۾ŵӺȸ˱еƣ˵
ô£϶˵ˣ棬һɫۣɽ˫΢΢Щ׵Ӽһڲ˵
֣˵»ǷɵģСԹԵĵ˱ƣʵ
˵ҡҡͷ˵ɱ쾳ܵɲ࣬˵֮ļս
֣ǻҰйأС۾һСʵ
ꡭɲҪ˵ð᪻һûģɫ΢΢һ䣬תƻˣ˵Сһûȥɣ˵Ե
ãСӵ˵ͷǳ˷ȥ䡣
С꣬˼֣
ڴߵҶ罫˵ĶԻУνС¶һ˿Ȥ뿪ʱĸ˳ǽһλƫƧ߻谵͸ŨŨЩɭĹԺС
ȻǰĹԺ͸һ˿죬ʵŻĸֳУѡű
Ҷ߽ĹԺӶƾɵĹʱһ鲼ۣͷңޱ߷һ֮ϡ
ǰһɳصĳϰڷʮ״죬մȾı
ЩմȾЩＫпһЩǰ͵ؾĹġ
֣
鲼ߵһۣҶͫײɵһ£û뵽ǰΪݵ߾Ȼһ쾳ܡ
ȻԻʵ̫ˣ
ҶĿͶʮ״ԸӦ
ƷʥƬ
ԸӦһᣬҶĿһӷףŰɫۣзС۵ӣһȭͷС·ĺɫ顣
ԷӦҶȷɫһƷʲƷʥƬ
ɫҪˣ۰ɣ
ΣӷзСб⣬ʵ
ʮƷ쾧
΢΢̧Ƥӣһӷӣ˻ɤӵ
ô󣿡
쾧缫ϡ٣ӷݲһóʮƷ쾧Ҳеۣüͷ
ƷʥƬ˵𣿡߲һ˿ķʵ
ƷʥƬ
˵˵۾ˢˢӷеʥƬ
򣬲ͷ£ҪϷʱ䡣ؾ
ãˣ
Ʒ쾧Ȼϡ٣ƷʥƬֵͬƣУɴ׵ķ
գҧһóʮƷ쾧׵ƷʥƬ
ӷӴʥƬмѡǵı˲СĴۣ˱
֪ľͷô
һδݸӦҶһ·𱻳һ㣬ŵ۴ϸӿݵĹľʵ
ʮƷ쾧Į˵
֪Ʒ꾧Խ𣿡
ҶɱܣȻջһ쾧쾧ȫڽ˽УһҲûС
Ʒ꾧ãֻҪ쾧߲һ˿˵
ľͷˣ
Ҷ׼ﻻĸȤĹľʱһȻһۣ͸Ÿ߹֮ϹŰ֮ɫߵҶߵ
ľͷȿϵİɣҶüͷ΢΢һ壬Żӣͳ˵
Ӳм˵Ʒ쾧ûо͸ҹԶ㣬Ҫﶪۡ
ȻûƷ쾧д֪Խľͷ𣿡Ҷסеɱ⣬һŨŨϢ޴Ǭ˳
ޣ㾹Ȼ˵鲼߻ǵһվ΢΢Щϲ˵޸ңľͷˡ
л
Ҷ΢΢һЦ͸ߣڻӷŭĿע£׵ĸȤĹľ


1374 ˭ɱ˭
С֪㻹ʲôöУϷǿԺ㵥£
Ҷó޽нף鲼߶ŨȤʵ
ϵĺö٣ͿǰûдҵıˣҶ΢΢һЦ
Сϲ۾һƵϸֳѰζЦݵˣ⵽ΪֹСӣ˶ҹȥ
㡭
ߵĻݲ֮¶˷ŭ֮ɫ
˭
˲һɳ˳֮ǿڳ˲Ϣɫޱ䡣
쾳ܡ
СеȫߵʵסŵòҾô뿪ˡ
ˣӰˣˣѸٴӵӡС꣬ץץѰͷСóϵıҿϲ𣿡
ǰðɣҶҡҡͷΪ˵ˣǰҸȤıԻǰ֮
šͫһųŵû¶һ˿壬Ҷ磬¶ѵõЦݵðɣǾȿϷı
˵ţָϵǬָһ£ʮıֳ︡ƯҶǰ
ǰֵƵıҶ۾ԼٵݣЩʵ
ҲûдߴҶ磬ϣϵشĵصȴš
Լʱ䣬Ҷ۾һ΢΢ЩֲڲƬƤԼһͨѪɫĵҩﻹҪˡ
С۹ⲻƤмʥ޹µƤһƷʥս£ѪɫҩһƷʥȼѪºѪ֪֮׼úһǣЦʵ
֪žΣ
Ҷһóһޱľӵ
ӡⱦ۾бǳҪĿĹâ˵ѾӸңҺúÿ
ãҶ˵ͷӡڽеľӵݸߡ
ǾӣǳľӣΣϵչˣ˷ܵ˵Сϻожңұ֤ı
ֻһţ
ȻҶϻžӣ̫쾳ָһд׷ʣµžӣҡҡͷ
ãҪˣóһƤѪˣߵ
ǰӵļֵҸһƤѪ´࣡ҶûִþӶһƤѪ
ͬˣüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ǰͬ⣬ͲˣҶ绺ػӦ
ͲҰռžӲ㣿ЦЦ˵
ҼȻóӣͲǰᣡҶ΢΢һЦԵػӦǰſԡ
˼˼߿Ŵݵûһ˿仯Ҷ磬˼һµӶϷȷʵҪˣϷͳԵʽװɡ
˵ţƤѪ͸Ҷ硣
л
õ˹ƤƷʥȼѪҶûоôл֮״߲µĽƣ뿪ɭɭСꡣ
ţ˵ң
ո߳С꣬Ҷüͷɵһ£ǿոû򵽹ľĻӣʵĸ֣СȴԼ
Сӣҵܾˣڳˣ
̤ɫ߳Ҷ磬ӱƽ۾б֮ɫסҶ磬ɭ˵
͸ҹ
ҶĮȻɨһۻӵˣؾ
ģǲǻ֪˭û뵽Ҷ˿ſھԼɫ˲ңͨ챾£Ҳ뿪᪻ʳǡ
˭ɱ˭Ҷ粻ΪɱȻ˵ͨ뺡

һĿߴȫŨںëʵﵽս޻ʼ޵ӱһͷųɫħգӶڴ󣬳Ż֮ȭͷһȭҶ硣
أ
Ҷ̤һѨϵڽ֮뵽ȭͷУһȭըϮħ˿Ӻȭâ
糱ˮһ˲䱬ֱӽɵ˰УʹİһһѪ
ʲʲô
ĿҶһȭ䱬ӵһĻӲɵöһ£ɴ۾ſһĻ
ȻǲϧĻᣬǾɣ
ҶɱȻĽй˵˲䷢˱仯һʵŵûӵ˸εѡ


1375 ûܾ
СҪϷǰɱ䣡
ͻȻҶǰһģӰǰ
ôǣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵˣԼߣͳ˵
СȻ֪ʲôݣϾǰ᪻ʳǣǻ֮ˣɱ䣬ǣҡҡͷȰ˵ǻʲôϿҹ
ǡ
һĻӺһԹصһҶ磬£뿪ˡ
ҷŹǣǻ𣿡
ҶĿ˸ŵ⣬Ųޱ߷ߣʵ
İС¾ͽұ֤ǲ鷳ҶƣҲЦı֤
ˣ鷳ԼԽҶҡҡͷܾ´ٸҲֽͱҶ㲻ˡ
˵꣬Ҷףת뿪ˡ
Сһﵽʲôˣ
ҶʧںҹеıӰüͷšһ֪Ҷ絽к̣вԼ
µȷʵҶᵽһ˿ΣյϢҲŴԱȴûзŭԭ
̤źҹصջҶŲһͣһۺҹе֣۾һɱâ
ҹԽԽص᷿ҶǬУｻѪ˳͸㡣
Ҷ֮ûѪãΪѪ֮ѪЧѣϵѪǺֲģѪЧҲԡ
Ʒʥ޹ƤǺö
ѪƤȻ㹻ǿ󣬵ʵٵս󣬼ҪһڼףƤڼ׵ĺö
ֻҪƤвٲһЩϣƤķ»ᳬԽۡ
ͬʱϽۺ͹ƤֻƷʥͶ쾳ܻܲһʥûв
ʱ䣬úúһƤ
ʱޣҶûƹƤϥǬУŨϢ񣬺ܿˡ
ţǹȻˣ
Ҷǿ͸ǬʮǿϢջ⣬ŵ˲ˣŵջƹһɫۣı̴ٸɪɪ
ģջôĹѲҪŲҲջǹؽΣ
ҹܵܵŵĻӷ·һˣͦӣֺؿŷؾ
վʮɫףֳֵݣ᪻ħ
ˮһ㣬ɢӣӱƽ۾͸һ˿֮ɫа
ӣūҲ֪Ҫס֪ǸһٸӣҲ
ӣϵؽ͵µУ¶عѩ׵عŻӵ۾һ˺·ĳ嶯
ô˵ԩˣ
¶һ˿аЦʵ
ūҲ˼ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףķ͵ӣζūҵĴֻҪӿϷŹǣұ֤һлӡ
л¶һ˿Цôлң
ҪʲôֻҪһ͸ӣ
֪ħĿ£ǣ᪻ʳǽû֮أ֮£ֻҧ˵
Ҫأ
ӳؿӣֱӵ
ϷŹǣҴӦź죡΢΢̧ͷӭ˻ȵҧ촽˵
ȻǴˣӴЦһεңұ֤ڻʳû˸㡣
ӿ䣬ǰһһõӰ
һ̣оһʹȫʧأ˰Уӵ˳ȥݺݵħϣѪʳ۵ᶼˡ
ͻһĻˣɵ˷һƬհס
û뵽㻹ңûܾ㣡
һƳ˻ӣҶ米˫֣ؿ̡
ʲôץסҪң
ݵգ۵죬ֱĻӴ
ƾ㡭
ҶͱһЦѪ׹ǽ֯ɱй壬Ҷɢɱ⣬ʮħĪĿֻһĸо
ɱɱ
Ҷͷɱסħ̤ųصĲһӶͷð˴亹˾
ӱʮħȼǿѪ֮ӲͷƤҶ磬Ҫش
꣡
ҶͻȻ˵棬ܵĽ֮ͼ£ܼ֯Ľ֮ƣ˽ħ
ȻʮϮħʵһش˾ܣҶԽ̫ܵĽ֮ͼ̫
գ֮䣬಻Ľ֮ƽǵĹ壬ʹĵѪɥȪ


1376 
㣬㲻Ҫ
ҶһͼɱʮħֵһĻɵˣ˫ȾҵĲֵĴ󺰵
ոյİأ㲻Ҫɱ𣿡
Ҷ翴ƵĻӣ˵
ҡ
û뵽Ҷ絨ô᪻ħҲɱĳ˿ֻţѸ
ݵ˺Ϧӣ
ͻȻһŭıһɫףĿߴһӣ̤ûĻǰ
ͳ죬ң
ͻȻֽӣĴϲغ
˾оӵʵҶҡҡͷȲ
ǰ᪻ʳǣѵҪҰĻɣӿҶ۾еĲмȼܵŭ𣬴
˲ңҲˣһٶңҶĮ˵
Ϧӣ뿪Ը
Ҷɢɱ⣬ᵽΣյϢֳһƷȼսٴеؿҶ硣
˵ˣȲ
˵ţҶһıٶȣ˲ڽǰʧȫëֱ˲ֹͣĽǰ
סЩǲ𣡡
ҶĮ˵ֻڽ˺ѿؿֱӽִУȫĻ룬Ѫɢһأ˲
Ϧӡ
û뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬵ڻɱħĴӣе̬أȫŭȫҶ硣
Ҷ磬佻ħȴĽǽħ׺ݵı
ǱǰһĻɵˣ˫һֱ˵ϣ˫ȼ¶Ĵ⣬ҲȻ֪
ȥɣ
ӱһǿѪȼգֵͼֳ壬ʵ۷壬ֳֽɫս֯ǿĵնҶ硣
ۿҶ类һУ¸ֳµĽͼʧ˽ǰƵ
һ̣Ҷγ˿µѣĻ꺣УһӦһ˿ٻ
ͭ꣬𣡡
ͭӳҶ꺣ҵ޵񽣣ݻǿĽ֮һƿɱ
ڻɱ˻ӵˣҶǵ΢΢һʧƮŨŨѪζС
ܿ죬Ҷɱ䣬ɱӣħͳ˵£һڰ᪻ʳдˣȻ󲨡
ħǵѲҶ磬ħĸָȫƱҪɱҶ磬Ϊӵ˱
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Ҷ绺᪻ʳȥʱʮħŰΧˡ
󵨶ͽ־ܣ
һؽףֳһһɳìոתûõħͳŭҶ磬ǳ
Ҳɱ䣬ϣ㲻Ҫң
ҶĮؿʮΧԼħ֣ǽǰС
ҶԽԽɢɱһħĲˣӲܿƵĺˡ
ÿ
һħҶɢסʱҶ籩һݿܵ쾪װŵһħٺˣÿһ·
һȺ
Ҷһ仰Լ£ͳɫ࣬µΪһ壬趯ŷޱȵĳì˲佻֯ìӰסҶ硣
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
ͭҶ꺣лһ޵еĽâһìӰͳ쾪ֵĿע£ն˹ȥ
ͭĿ£ͳƽзҪֵסͭĹ
κ̫ͭ󣬹ٶֳԽ磬ܷġ
ͣ
һͳһˣµͭ㶴ķµ룬Ѫһء
ĿҶһɱͳһĻһħӵĿ־壬׷׺˲ҿ
ҶĮɨһ羪֮ħûٴɱ䣬̤žȵزҪ뿪
ɱ㻹𣿡
һŭıƳۣ̤һ˫ɫѥ˫΢΢Щףò뻪мƵӣʮϢֲħˣֵ
ǰ׷ħ
ߣס
ҶĿؿɱħ˵
ôĿû˸Ұ᪻ʳţûнҰ᪻ˣ
ŴݵҶ磬ħе֮ɱ֮𲻵òϼ޻ǣ˰᪻塣
ǷֱûȤۣʲô£ȥħңħԻһ
뵽ԼĿģҶһסеɱ⣬˵
ħħ۾һɣɫ˲ˡ
ȻǰλȻʵȨؾ۷ħȣȴԶҶħҪˡ

ԥʱҶŵĺǳһŭĿע£뿪


1377 ֮
ħħҲѡط޽һɫ˵ĺߣ
ٶȼҶλڰ᪻ʳϳǣһĺϣԶԶؿһռ㣬޽ļݻ¥ſֻʯʨӵĽȺ
վסħ˲ÿ
Ҷ绺ħɢµ
ħүģ鷳ͨһ˵糾ˣҶ米˫֣ɰһͦζ˵
糾
ħ֣ħǰʱ糾֪ͨ
ԵƬ̣ȥ֪ͨү
˲¶˾η֮ɫ˵¶һ˿֮ɫ
ܿ죬һǿϢˣɫۣȲħ֣һʱӭҶ硣
糾ˣ
Ҷ磬ħϵ¶Цݣ첽˹˵
˼үһЩµʱ䣬֪̻𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
ߣ˵
˵ţħ̬ŵļͣԴҶ߽֮С
ү𣿡
̫ʦϣҶһڴ裬ɫ粻ħʵ
糾ȷʵеˣħ̾Ϣһ̸֪ἰٽ̵𣿡
ôٽѾˣҶеĲ豭˵
ٽھڻʹ֮УεΪףҪӭȢ̹ħ˵ͷһֱδ֣Ϊ˹˼ٽ棬пܴӦǡ
ү֪ɷ£ȥʹף
Ҷˮ̵ĸܸӣˮܵίܵ˺
û⣬͸㰲ţħ˵ͷѾӦٽף鷳ˡ
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үħħŴħָүܼ֡ҼҴҵ˽˵
֣ʲô֣ħҪ췴ɣ
ħƽʱħԸԼħ˷ʱŭˣ
ү˵ֿңŲˮҶ绺˵
㡭ħüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ糾ôħ
ûеħħЩͻҶ罫龭ص˳
ħôĹ˭۸ħɫһ糾û˺㣬ߣҳȥǡ
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ŸħһֵͬҶ磬ħüͷ΢΢һ£ħĵ˼֡
ħ㵨ӲСȻѲɱħͳ죬Լħӵ֣
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ħº޹أͲҪˣ
ħݺԼħҲ˵
ħҵˣӱɱұҪһħԵɱħͳ죬ʮħ
ħǲǻûŪȥħЦ˵ħӲۣǲˣ˴á
ǲˣħЦһħ㲻ҪŻҡëͷСӣѵͨ챳ɡһ仰ǲִⱣ
ڣûܶħ˵ͷػӦ
úúãħ㵨ҰӲɱħҰطҿҪҰħ¶һ˿ݵЦݣħһĪе
ħҿҪѰǰɣħػӦ֪磬жҪ£糾ħȴݺͼϳǺεȾġ
糾Ƿ糾
糾¶˫ϵһ¼ʹ磬дԷ糾ˮ̹ϵǳпΪ
£糾ǰʵܵõʦ˵糾ܷ˶෽עΪԼ÷糾ܾ˰Ǻʮء
뵽ħ󱳱亹ʪ͸ˣħĳ嶯
û뵽үȻһϲŪǷǵˣ̫ʧˣ
ħЩԼ³çĳһ˿ʱҶ˵ˡ
糾ʥʦ㲻ҪᣬҲ㣬Ǳɱˣ
뵽Ϊ˷糾Ŵܾٽף֤ʶԷ糾ǺεȵĿأΪҶᣬֻħ
ħŴˣ֪糾Ϊθڰ᪻ʳǴɱˡ
ʥʦʲôطܺߡ
߰ɷ糾ȥʹʻһģ
ɵ۵ħħЦ˻˵
ȣȵȣ
е̬ԣħæҪʺӿħϣҶԼᡣ
ÿʲôȥʽͰɣ
ħЩֱƿħҶһںСռ䣬ɰƥﳤȥ


1378 
᪻ʹ᪻ʳȨģͬһ̻Ի͵Ļʹ᪻ʹ󲿷ԺɫΪһɱĸоη
ʹ޽Ű֮ͨǶŰ˿ž޴һĹɢɰ׹⣬ʹ
ˣǰҰ᪻ʹˣ³ɡ
ħָǰռ㣬䱸ɭϵĽȺ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷħ᪻ʹȥ
үλǡ
ŲҶħһɫףĿߴǿ׳ɢϢѹȸеӭȥҶİףʵ
λʥʦ糾ε׵ģħܵ
糾
ӵ֪Ҷݣɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һ˿η֮ɫ
ʥʦȳȻĵλҲӣʥʦƿصǿ£̫̫ܸԸΪ
үʥʦ룡
ûлҶݣԴ߽˽䱸ɭϣǿеİ᪻ʹ
ÿµĴ󣡡
߽᪻ʹҶͫײɵһ£ݵԸӦ᪻ʹһʮУ󷨵ǰͨ
ƷʥͨȻǰ˼ƷʥҶͨʱˣĵ̹Ȼ̫ˣ⵽ͨѹ쾳ܿҲʬ
׶ͳ֪У
˳һ̵ɵĴ·ɽʯ׺԰صİ᪻ʹȥʱħʵ
Ӧڻ͵
Ȳ·İ׶ͳ˵
͵ڽӼٽħüͷ΢΢һ
ţºٽ֮£
׶ͳһͦΣݲȵҶ磬˵ͷ
ѵѾӦٽף
ħе̬أĴӦٽ̣ˮ⣬Ҫı졣
ǣ»ûж
Ϊʹͳʵţ׶ͳ֪˵ͷ
ûϵű»ıעģҶŵ˵
үʥʦԵƬ̣ȥͨһ
׶ͳҶˣΰֻͷߣڽеĻ͵⣬˵
ã
ħ˵ͷҶվڻ͵ĵȴ
һṦ򣬰׶ͳ˽˵룬үʥʦ
׶ͳƣҶ߽װݻʮ˸ǽǶŴʯĻ͵ۣڽӲ֮ϣüëѩףݣͦ͸ǿ֮İ졣
ֱߵģһɫƳۣ۾ݽգӥӣ˫޻ףſϢӣٽ쾳С
ߣһͿƲò㿡Σü͸һ˿⣬˾ӣǰĽˮѾãųٽѵһŵ⡣
Ÿħ߽͵Ҷ磬еĲ豭˫б⣬һĨɱһš
糾ݼʱ¡
Ҷߵ˻͵룬Ṫһӣ˵
ߵħȴ˵ϣ˴
糾иᣡȻҶûй֮񣬵뵽ʥʦݣ첢ûжŭ˵ǲΪ̶
ǣ׵ģʽңҶ˵ͷ
糾ȷʵܲһ죬ѾӦ⣡
컺˵ƽ˲²͸ʵ뷨
£ʵ糾վˣֻħħˣ糾һЩͻʱ䣡
Ȼ㹻㣬ħҶ磬ͼӴ׵Ľ龭˳
£
ħѩ׵üë΢΢һ¡˵
ţΪ˺̣ҹȻȥҶ˵ͷ͵
糾Ի飬һҲҶ米ŵ
лʣ
ҶЦЦ˵
ʣѾӦǵףᷴڰɣٽзеĲ豭һҶ磬ζԶ˵
糾ʮŮɫ츳̶ɫģԼ˵ĴŮŮŮԼ̶ŮѡΣ
ûнеĻĿؿҶ磬
ʱ£ֻҪ̣ҿ㲻罫Ůٽ̵˰ɣҾǿܻͬ⣡ҶҡҡͷֱӾܾ
糾ҺΪѰüͷ΢΢һѾӦ̶⣬޷ٸˡ
ûоԵ飡Ҷŭ񣬲˵Ҿʱ»ȿҵƸɡ
ǺãҾͿĳ⣡
ʿŴݲȵҶ磬¶һ˿Ȥ˵ͷ˵


1379 ޷ܾƸ
ҵĵһ֮һݳʮ̺꣬ǿħԵĺɺ
Ҷһһͨڣ¹״һ׶ߣħشɺǬȡ˳˵ϡ
ɺȷʵ̺ħҰ᪻˵Ϊѵã쿴Ҷóĺɺ°¶Цݡ
ҵĵڶ֮ʮſȼĻ飡
˵ţҶٻʮĻ飬Լǰ¶˲ߡ
糾ó֮Ȼٽ̵֮ȣ̫Զٽкһ裬˵
Ҳµòٽ֮УҲƷʥ׼ʥɣ
Ʒʥ˵Դ֮ҲṰˣҶ²ٽóƷʥס
ٽ֮УһƷʥ˵ͷ
ҵ֮Ʒʥ
ҶѪڤʮƷʥ˳
ţ
üͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽Ҷ羹óƷʥס
ߵ⣬ɫĿ£췴ˣˮһգɨء
ʥʦֱʹȻСҶó֮Ҳ̾ѣƾЩȻ޷Ҹı
ƷʥȻ󣬵԰ȴµ˵ȴûջҪҶǷи֮
һһ֮ʱ¿֮һıģҶ΢΢һЦǬóһƤ
ǡ
ŷӡڽеƤüͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿棬е˵ĿҲˢˢؿƤ֪ƤǺҶš
ΧͼҶʯ쾪˵
֮óΧͼΪͼ˵ѾãûпԿףõΧͼҲڲ
ΧͼջȴǾ޴ģסջ
ʲô
֪ҶеƤȻΧͼɫ΢΢һ䣬Щʧ̬ľ
е˵۾ð֮ɫųһյأ˵̲žܲأ嶼ۺ첻ѡ
ûƭңΧͼ
ָ˳̬΢΢۽Ǽ⻹ǳƽġ
֪ʱ½𣿡Ҷ練ʵ
νΧΧ̫࣬ιڸӣνȥδܴΧ
Ȼ½Χͺðˣҿñ¸ӦʮϢŵͼʱʱ¾ȷŵͼαˣҶ˵
ã򿪵ͼҸӦ£˵ͷ˵
⿪ӡҶ˲Ƥ͸ƤУӦƤ̻һӵĵͼ
ܿ죬ʮϢʱȥˡ
ʱ£֪Χͼǲģ
ջ뵽˼е죬Ҷ·ӡסͼʵ
ͼӦģһ糾֪ͼǴӺδģΧͼǷΧͼ
ͼˡұܣҶֻõΧͼûΧͼ
ģΧͼ
ЩУپ׵ıЩﶼΧֵģ޷ΧֻҪΧѹһ飬һܵõһЩ޷ı
뵽˿ҶΧͼûȡ
ʱ£֪óĴ֮㻹⣿ļ죬Ҷ翪ʵ
糾Ȼ򵥣һǵһε֪˾ƳΧͼ
סĿҶ磬Ĳ΢ı仯
ʱ£ܻƳΧͼҶ΢΢һЦصʵ
˵
ѩ׵üëһͨҶ͸¶Ϣµŵͼȫˡ
ʱ£֪ļܷ֮ıȤȫ죬Ҷȴʵ
ôûӦѯС
ʣ»ɣ
Ҷó޷ܾ֮̾Ϣһ
ɣҲƫ̻κһˣԣ˭ܻʤ˭̶ӡ˼һµ糾۳ɰ㶼뽫Χͼҡ
ãûҶԥ˵
Ҳû
սؿҶ磬̬
ȻҶʦţһԼʤ
ãȻûպҰ᪻ʹбԣ
糾ϣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣȻû˼ˣ¶Цݣơ
ģұ֤еĽķڷҶ΢΢һЦԡ
˷ײһ𣬼εĻ𻨡


1380 Ӱɱ
糾̫˳Ծˣû뵽㾹ȻΧͼ
;Уħľþ޷ƽҶֱסˡ
ҲڻԵɺµõΧͼҶ΢΢һЦ˵үϲ徲Ͳˣ㽫ҷǰ·ڰɡ
糾סĵط͸㰲źˣʮľסﲻ˴ŵ㣡ħ˵
Ǻðɣ
Ҷûоܾħ⣬һɽԺŻϪˮľĹԺ⡣
ԺϾʱ޵ĵطʱ䣬סɣħָǰľĹԺ
лү
Ҷ¶˵ЦݣĹԺ⡣
үã
߽Ժһɫ޳ȹĸŮҡҷԸе֫˵
ŮӵһۣҶ۾Ҳһ£ŮòģĽëȻԸз˫ʱ޿ɢַ飬ͦε˫壬·ʱĻꡣ
糾ԺӵĹܼңס⼸գðźɣħ¶һ˿˲򶮵Цݣ˵
үˣˣҶ翴һ۷ֵİţҡҡͷܾ
İɷ糾ͰŷʲôҶ̶ġħ˵ˣȻȥˣչ˺÷糾źܣĲ㡣
үŶһչ˺÷繫ӣ¶˵Цݣ˵
繫ӣ˰ɣŶȥԡΣԺһȪԡƣ壡
Ҷ˵ͷŰŴȣһװ޾µʯңһڹˮȪۡ
ϲ徲Ҫźȥɣ
ȻźһһЦĻ꣬ҶȤܹϵؽһʯţѵ·ڳԵȪС
ȪʱҶ罫С꽻Ǹعľ˳Լݣ鿴ӿݹľʵ
ÿϢεݣҶ緢ľеЩرÿƶ̺
ʱɫоľʱյʯűƿˣɫ͸ɴȹ֣΢΢İųһС˽
ʲôҲ˵ź𣿡
ŰŻ˵ӣĶı飬ȪеҶ˹ľüͷ΢΢һ壬˵
繫ӲҪŶһԡ̫ˣҪź㣬㰴Ħӣ
Ҷӣҧź촽۽Ǻᣬίģϧ
ðɣɡ
Ҷ練ŷ֣¶Ŵİţӱһɫ˵ͷ
ллӣ
ЦҶߣ˵ذϣỬС֣ΪҶ簴Ħ
繫ӣ𣿡
΢΢ӣ촽Ҷߣ˵
ַҶ˵ͷпɢ˿˿ĳرߣ۾˵
繫ӣҪҪŶ㰴Ħأʵ
ãĦСҶ˵
žȫɣһܵҶ磬ƯĴ۾ͻȻĹââֱӴ͸ҶԺĻ꺣
һ̣ɴڵϵİŷ·һˣһ̺綾ĺͣ߹ҶԴ
Ҳң
ͻ⹥Ҷ粢ţ̺綾ĺԴʱ޷̽һֱ֣ӱˡ
һ̣Ҷ˫붯ϹŲͼֳǬʯң˰ŵ·
㣬ͷˣ
Ҷ·׼˲Ȫʯңŷֵ¶һ˿֮ɫѸٺ
Ǹոշ⣬һὫ𣿡
Ҷиֳףס壬̤߳Ȫ˵
㣬ôܷ⣡
õȷϣ¶˲˼֮ɫԼαװļã¶š
ȷʵصúһʼû⣬ܿϧոջʱ۾вӦ¶ɱ⣬Уʵİǿ̫࣡Ҷ羲ؿ˵ûв´Ӱɱְɡ
糾ǵСˡͨ챾ҲûãӰϣҲ޻·ʯұȴ侲ĵϣһ˿־塣
ߣӰ£һɱ֯ҶһҪֻɱš
ͻȻҶΣһ˺ϹŲͼƵĿռ䣬
ƽս񣡡
Σʱ̣Ҷٻ˻ƽսǰֵסһݻŴ⾳â˺ƿռĹ
ٻͭ꣬ҪɱɴİʱӦİųƷӳʯȱڣʧ


1381 ħ֮Ѫ
أ
յʯűҶһȭ俪ҶŻƽսʯʱͻȻһֱϵĸоȫĺëһֱ
¹£һģӰҡҷȻӰƮȴҶ˼в
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ƮģӰӣ˻ɤӵ˺ͨݡ
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ȻģӰӵ˻ѱ棬Ҷ绹Ǳϳǵڻ⣬ҪɱԼص쾳ܡ
糾ĺܲŴ˴ɱ㲻ҵĵˣҲһҵĻᡣģӰ˻ɤӵ
쾳ѣҲҸ棿ҶͱһЦм˵
СģӰҲŭ˻Ƶ˵䲻䣬㶼ûˣɡ
˵ţһŨҵɱģӰбһֻī֣ݻص⣬ѹռ䡣
š
ģӰӿѹҶʱüͷɵһ¡
һ̣ѹյʧҲһʧڵҹ¡
ģӰʧ˲䣬Ҷǿʵµ쾳ܳҹ£׷ٸոǵģӰӶȥ
˵˭أ
Ҷüͷšһ𣬲ϵز²ŴҪɱԼ֮˵ݡ
ոȻû潻֣Ҷʱһָо˵ʵ²һ쾳۷ܡ
˭˾᪻йϵȻҸոյӰɱ־ͳ֣˶ҵĴɱɺϣ
ҶоشӰɱֿ¾ڰ᪻ʳУ᪻ĳЩϵ
ģӰӱ᪻쾳ܾߣҶ˲෿У⵽ػİš

Űŵʬ壬Ҷ̾Ϣһ³ʥڻʬ壬صУһǬóǿصĹľԼо
һҶ˹ľд·óһذףݳ·ٿľ
ţʲô
һ·ذ׻ʱľгһɹɾڹľ
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ľƿľľ̺ȫͷųγһɿµħȾ˴Ŀռ䡣
ľɣ
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֮ľһɱ䣬øǿ󣬲ʱ䣬ͽеħɸɾˡ
ţħѪһħѪ
ȫħҶķ֣ľгһκɫħѪħѪĵȼĸߣȵ֮Ѫ
Ѫѵһħ֮Ѫ
ԷӦΣҶһָоѪӦħħµľѪ̺żӴ
᪻ʳôħ֮ѪѲ᪻ʳǻħ𼶱ĴܴڣҶԺиֳһ󵨵ͷ
ɻ
ƻľеħ֮Ѫ壬ҶתɻħѪγɵѪһʵ
ţ޷γħѪ
ħ֮ѪʱҶ緢Լ·ﵽ˳ܼޣ޷γɵѪħ֮ѪʵϵǱҲڽһǿ
ܿ죬ٽڶʱҶȫħ֮Ѫʵõ˼ﵽս޻ʼޡ
Ǳﵽ˼ޣ޷۵ѪˡҶ̾ϢһЩź˵
ţˣ
ҶǬĬĬϢʱǿ͸Ǭãһ뿪Ǭ˹ԺУһƳۣͷڣͥŨü۵ӣҡһȣ˽
ǣ
ŲˣҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
С벩ݼʥʦ벩еȣ¶һ˿԰Цݵʺ·ʥʦįģҴʥʦȥʳǹ䣬֮ꡣ
ǾͶлʱˣ
Щ벩ҶоĿĲ
ʥʦ֪ȥʲôط䣿벩䲻ȵ˵ûһ˿Ҫ׽Ҷ˼
ԣ
ҶҲ˽°᪻ʳǣûоܾ
ʥʦҰɽŮϵģͺɽ̫ʣҴȥǵֹ䣿벩һת˵
ãǾȥְɣ
Ҷһֲһ˿Ȥʹ˵
û뵽ʥʦҲˣú棬Ҳõġ벩û뵽ҶӦˣ¶һ˿ƵóѵЦݵ
߰ɡ
ҶЦЦûйͣѱõǰλǵ֡


1382 ¥
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װҵҪװʲôʱ򣡡
ĿҶıӰ벩¶һ˿ЦݣĬ
֮˵ĵжҶ磬ΪϵŵϰæԼˮ̵Ļ£³֮һŵŹŵ
ۿﵽ֣Ҷȴһ֣ջѡ
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ҶЩ³Ľ§ڻУ벩˷ܵĿע£һ·⻬ĺỬһ߰ǿؿڵ·ŷ۵Լ˫һС÷뱩¶ڿС
ӣ㲻Ҫ
ҶٶȹŮǵͨ죬ǳһ˿ҡ
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Ҷ罫ǿĵ㼯ڸ⻬񱳵ָУ˵ûмǴҹһջҵĹؿҲһ÷룬λúһģһ˵ɲɣ


1383 ߼޻
ӣ⻰ʲô˼Щˣ
ȹŮ΢΢һͨ¶һ˿ɫҪҶĻ
Ҷٶȸ죬ǿֱָӴ̽⻬ƤУ̴ϵһΪ
ۣ
ƣѪӵҶ绳УƯ۾͸˾ͷŭ
ʥʦǡ
ͻһĻ벩һʵ벻ͨҶǷʲô裬ΪͻȻַϵһˡ
Ѳʲôã

벩ߵŮŵûʧɫŰȹŮ罦Ѫ˻С
Ҷû벩Ѹٰ˰ȹŮϣԶѻꡣ
Ե뵽꺣ʱҶɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѹٽ˳ȥ
أ
ȹŮӻ꺣еĽƱըֱӽԴը飬
ʥʦ⵽׷ʲô
ԴɥȪİȹŮӣ벩Ҳ쳣ʵ
ӣ㻹ǼӰɣϲҶжˣҶ翴һ۰ȹŮӵʬ壬Щź˵źδѻɹ
ʲôж벩ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѹټ壬ԼҶ˵ǰжˣģ¥ôĹҲҶҷǲ
ʲôҽˣ
벩ܻҲû뵽˸ڰ᪻ʳж¶
ˡ
벩¶ִʱ¥гһǿ󷨽ƣ¥
һ̣ٵļҶڵˡ
գ֮䣬żеŮӱ벩Ȼֵס˼깥Ҳµˡ
ģ¥Ҫ췴ɣҲҶ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףٻŵס벩ŭ
ӣǲ㣬ɣǽԺвĨȥ뿪
յŻ򿪣ոϥŮ˽ĿؿŴݵҶ磬˵
ǵʲôˣ
ŷ·һ˵ŮӣԼܣ벩ĳһ˿ңӲͷƤ˵
ûв´ӦӰɱ֣¥Ӱİ¥Ҷƽ˵
糾û뵽㾹ȻҵҹɱӰıȷʵŮĿɭȻؿҶ
Ļ˳ɣƾǼ˲ң
ȻŮˣ˾ܣҶ˵ȴвԣҶһָоҹҪɱԼ쾳пҲ
糾Ĳ򵥡
ʱһģӰӳˣ˻Ƶ˵
ȵȣ޹أԸĨȥ䣡
ںڹУʵģӰӣɢɱ벩ˣ
ͻȻҶ̤󣬳ڽȭͷֱŵķ䴩ؿڣ
㣬ΪʲôҪɱң
벩ɴ۾Ҷ羹ȻֻɱԼ
ҵһ̣Ӧ뵽ҶĮ˵
˵꣬ʩչѣ벩ɢֽ֣꣬ɱ¡
糾ɱǣ޻Ӱɣ
Ҷػɱ벩ˣںڹеģӰӵ
˵ˣǾӰɱɱģҶøɾմȾѪգƽ˵ɱӣɱңΪ˸ӱұƴ뿪
糾һ˼ˣģӰӴЦһƲܻ뿪𣿡
ûʮİգҷ¥ܣ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ쾳ٻ˳
ţ쾳ܣ
ڳֵ˲䣬ģӰӷһû뵽Ҷ羹쾳ܱ
糾ֶԽԽ˾ˣƾ쾳ڵʵҲ𣿡
ģӰӱ˵һҶϢ˳
˭˵ҪˣҶЦһڣþ赺俪󷨽ơ
ǣ
б춯صĵֳͼںһ籼Ϯĳˮӿ˼ƷʥС

ں˰ĵͼһʯצݻŴ⾳û˾赣һеģӰӵˡ
ȻģӰӵʵԶʤڣ赱ϾǼƷʵҲӲѸܵһԡ
䣡
޴ı쳹ʣ¥󷨽⵽˲ˣµĿִƬڵҹй˰᪻ʹеϹ
᪻ʳҲһ뵽˻С


1384 
糾ܲ´μ棬ұɱ㣡
󷨽飬᪻ңģӰ⣬һݻҪ뿪
ߣûôף
ķչҶƻУƻҪĻڣǽ᪻쾳ܶԸģӰӣ԰᪻쾳δǰҶ粻뿪
ƽս񣬽ܣҾס
Ҷ£ƽս񣬽һһҹȴʱҶ紫͵ǬС

ƽսͽܽ⵽ƣŭģӰӷ˾ŭ𣬿µĵΧĿռ䣬ݺݵغڽܺͻƽսϡ
ƽսģӰ˲䱬ˣȼ˴쾧Ľȴ˿ֳֺʥն뿪Ļᡣ
Ǭ
ģӰӱܷ֮ʣҶһ˰Ǭ֮ɳ壬γһµĽ󣬽棬ǿ
䣡
޴ıڵҹ
ҶȫģӰʱǿϢԼٶ߷
ƣ
ΣģӰӲò¶ʵһǿѪ֮ǧ⣬ӲסǬ󣬷ӵС
ˡ
ҵͻȻһ£ܺͻƽս֯ǿĹɱٶȣȴ쾳ܸ
䣡
ܺͻƽսĹ壬ģӰӵʵֲ̫ǿѪ֮ӲĹһǣײǵķߡ
ߣ
ոճҶ˵ľһװһɫۣҹΪһ壬ʵﵽ쾳޵߳ˣպһƣŴĿռ䣬ģӰӡ
䣡
᪻ʳǵĿռһ£ǰ󷨽ƣһԴݻٷԲĽһ
ӲߵһƣģӰӵĺڹˡ
һ̣ģӰиֳһµħӰ̤գأޱߵħ˺ߡ
䣡
쾳޴ܷĹײֲķϯŲ񷣬춯صıըԲ֮ڶš
һ쾳ܳˣһµĴ󣬹ħӰеӣҵعƱҪشܡ
ţΪδڵѪǵħѪôѵħĺ᣿
ħӰܼսʱݵԲ쳣ҶѪӦ
λǰӦӰɱйأ벩ԼӶ˴֣֮Ҷջ쾳ܺ
糾Ϸıɱ㣡
ҶݺħӰӵķζըˡ
쾳ܵʵ£ݣܶͨʩչҪ˵ɱɱҶйޣҪѡ
Ҫͷ¶βˣ¶ɣ
᪻ħ
ʵǿĺ߱һǿѪ֮ʩչһͨ˲û˵һģһķħӰܣеܿռ䣬һ
ħӰ
ħӰ֪᪻ħĿ£ԥѪħӰγһɼµں߻ûİ˵ϡ
ǡ
⵽ħӰըʩչ᪻ħûİ˵ʼѣ˵İعҲһ̷ˡ
ಣ
ըħӰҲܵһӰ죬ٴȥⱩ¶ݣʩչһֹ˲ûٶȲӰԼٶȥ
λǰ
£Ҷײ׽ӵ
Ҷѣ쾳ûлɣ׷׼ӿٶȣȥȫ׷ɱӡ
Լ£⵽쾳׷ɱǱʱҶڱεŮߣ뿪˻ɷ¥صħĹԺ
糾ڻˣ˵ֳˣûǣɡ
ҶһѪԲѵŮӷصԺ絽ħӭȥĵʵ
ֳ¾ǳģ
Ҷ򵥵ĽӰɱľ˳벩޻Ӱɱ֡
ʲôˣ
벩ȻڰڻеλߣϾҲǻӣ֪Ѷħе̬ԡ
糾ȷɱ㣬ɱӰɱ֣ħüͷšһ
үܻĴˣӰɱ֣ӰɱֵͷĿ쾳׷ɱһ磬֪ûƭˡҶ绺˵
ɶӰɱҰ᪻ĻӣҰ뱨ħջ˵糾ɷҡ
û⣡
ҶܻŮӣΪһ޻ӰħֶͣΪ
糾᪻ʳ̫ˣһϢɣӰɱֵĴɱħ
ðɣҸүϢ
Ҷħл֪һЩĻϢûоܾص֮С


1385 ˣȼ˰
ҵһҹȥص˴ء
Ȼֻʳǵ󷨽ƻ˴󲿷ֹ쾳ܽɵƻֲ̫ټϾ赵ĹԼʳǲٻأòٻʳʿ̻̲׷׳˰᪻ʳǡ
糾Ҫ㣬ٸȥʹ
ħҴһصҵĿϢҶ磬Ĵߴٵ
ңǲΪҹ֮£Ҷ³һʵ
ţҪ׿㣬ҹ£ħ˵ͷ
߰ɣҲ֪ɱҵûץס
˵꣬Ҷħ뿪ǰ˰᪻ʹڻʹм˰졣
죬Ҷ绹ڽмһˣҹħӰӣﵽ쾳޵ĺߡ
糾ݼʱ£
Ҷ΢΢һӣ˵
ʥʦضҽ㣬˽飡纣ӱ⣬Ҷ磬
ҹɱҵӰɱ֣ǱǣӰɱУ
ҶϸĽȺӰɱµ˳
ʥʦӰʲôһٶĴɱ㣡˼һ£ʵ
Ҳ֪ӰɱΪδɱңҸոʳǾ⵽ɱѰҶҡҡͷ˵еǡ
ʥʦòỳҰ᪻Ӱйɱɡѩ׵üë΢΢һ壬Ҷ绰⡣
ʳǵ֪Ӱȴô̵ʱܴɱ²ɺϡҶʱ£׽һӰɱ֣֪ջ𣿡
Ѿˣûл֪κмֵϢҡҡͷ
ˣҶüͷ΢΢һĻֵ쾳ץ𣿡
˵ʵֲܿϷҪǿôһ֣δץס߻˫˵
ͨ˽֣ǰµ𣿡Ҷʵ
صĺܺãǲ²һԿ϶ǣħʵħѪߵ
̫ϳϣȷħѪüͷšһ𣬵ʵ
ħ壬ҹɱҶ֮ˣħѪǾ֤ʵҶĲ²⡣
Ӧüٲˣߵ˵ͷ˲Ұ᪻ˣ˭Ϸ²
ʥʦ֮ǰסҰ᪻ʹɣҹɱ֮ˣǻúõ飬һ˼һ˵
лʱ£
ҶҪľǽˮаһͬԸӰӰǿҲؽ
һʥʦȥ԰Ϣ
ǣʣӣոͻƵ쾳붫һʥʦ롭
ˣ
ӣ絶Ƿ纮ǣ׿Ⱥ֮붫һҶᵽһ˿Σյظо
Ȼ붫һһţԽս
ʥʦĺ㣬ӵʥʦͷΣܼ޸㣬ĸ
ǰ԰;У붫һҶ纮ѣĴøС
ˡҶ΢΢һЦӣ̣֪ܰæ𣿡
⡭
붫һԥһ¡
ӷģֻ̣һ˼֮飬ӿϰæպҶ֧ӣǷһ顣
ԥ붫һҶŵ
ģ
붫һ۾һ
⣬Ҷ磬ʥʦһ飬ܵõĻر
οΪӣλõ̫࣬պҪΪʣкܳһ·ߣҶ֧ҶӰܴʤ㡣
ãʥʦȻش԰Ϣ취̴붫һһҧ˵޷ҹ
ˣҾ̣ҶЦЦ˵
Ǿͺã
붫һ˵ͷ¶Цݡ
ʥʦ԰ˣգϢɣϵҵĺϢ붫һҶһɫˣʻͥԺеŮ
ãˣ
Ҷ˵ͷ߽˰ٻʢŨĴ԰ϥԺһߴĹľ£Ϣ
ϢʱԼܣŴ͸ŻʹеĽƣ̽Ű᪻ʹʵ
᪻ʹأͨҶ練̽Σηˣֹͣݣصȴˮ̵
ҹĻ٣ɫ᪻ʹȴƻͨ
ٽҹʱʱҶͻȻ۾˴԰⣬һ磬޳ˮɫȹҹ紵Ʈʸ߹ƮݵŮӻ
ˣȼ˰ɣ
̤ҹڳ֣΢΢Щˮ̣Ҷ绺վ˵


1386 Ҫʲô
֪һģ
ҶϤףˮĵ¶һ˿֮ɫ첽ߡ
Ҷ˵ˮϸ˫ۣסĲӣ׼촽ݺݵȥ
š
Ҷ۾һɣû뵽ˮ̻ķʽӭԼ
Ҫ㣬§ң
Ҷ籾Ҫƿʱˮ̵Ķݿܵ
뵽ԼĿģ뵽ԼˮѾ壬Ҷû㣬§סˮϸժɫһ͡
ȣܲעһ㣬֮ͥȣױ˲ػ붫һȥˣһѵ
ӣҼҶ𣡡
Ķ˷ֿˣҶ翴һԺ붫һŵ
ãʱޣǿȥȰɣΣ̲¹ҹһʱ뿪
Ҷŵ붫һһϲߴٵ
лл
ˮ̵˵ϣȴû¶Ť͸м֮ɫȻ붫һİҪ£Ҷ硣
߰ɣǽ˵
˵ţҶˮỬС֣߽֮Уڷв˸ơ
̣붫һж㣡
Ҷ罫һö״ﵽ׼ʥȼĻ˳ݸˮ̡
ö׼ʥȼĻӾ쾳зֵģ־ǿԵֵһ쾳ܵһ
磬ǵڱ⣿ǵķ⣿ˮ̽ӹҶ͸Ļʵ
̣֪ҹ£Ҷ˵ҹ⵽ӰɱһɣɱҵӰɱ᪻йϵǴɱʧܣܻܿǣ㡣
ӰҰ᪻йأˮüͷ΢΢һ壬Ծ˵ȷ
һʼҲȫȷǽڽ֮ϣ̫᪻ϳ׿ڳϣҹɱҵ쾳ܣħħѪڻȷҶ
ô죿ҪҪ㲻Ҫң뿪᪻ʳǰɡˮҧһº촽
᪻ҪɱҶ磬ҶʹнΣա
İɺ̣ҼȻȻΣգҶҡҡͷֻ豣ԼʣµľͽҰɡ
磬㲻Ҫôжòãҿܻİ㣡
ҶĻˮĵطж顣
˭˵׼أҶ̾ϢһͻȻѡ
磬赣ʲôҪʲô֪ҲһˣҪ㣬ֻҪκεǣҶӣˮ˵
𣿡
Ҷֱؿˮ̣Ҫ͸˫ۣе˼
ѵΪңڰڶ½𣿡ˮЩܲסҶĿ˸ҧ촽
гһգзĻᣬ𣿡
Ҷˮ̵ĸܸӣ֪ΪΣʱȴһӵˮ̵ĸо
ᣡ
ˮҡҡͷն˵
Ϊʲô
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽ˮܾ̾˳ס
磬ҸոѾ˵ˣҲһˣû׷۷ľģҵ츳Ҳֻܱӻ֮£пɥ֣֮ڶ½ҵŮʣˮ¶Цݵ
ѡҲѡǶԵģҶ̾Ϣһ
γûйǣΪ׷ϴʶ̨Ǿȥ򴳵һ·Ҳûź
磬Ҳ֪ʲôʽ򣬵֪ڶ½ʱ̫ҺúЩ꣬һõļɡˮ§סҶ壬Դǿ׳ϣ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷˮһϯ⿪Ľᣬһ̶Щ
磬мɰգл⣿
ҶůĻУˮ¶ҸЦݣʵ
ʮİգҶԥ˵
Ȼ벻ǰʹһδɷȨ𣿡
ˮͻȻż⣬ȵĺ촽Ҷߣ˵
룡
˿ˮ̣ӳϢҶ粻ڿԼԼ§ˮĴֻ΢΢̵ͦβ
ʱˮĵϳһƬ糺죬Ҫγˮ˵㲻ϵҶУһƿƣҶԡ԰Ρ
鵽Ҷֻˮ̵·У΢΢ʮͦε
Ҷ׼ȥϵ·ʱˮȴͻȻץסҶĴ֣΢΢˵磬ҡָıˣǻǵȶ֮ҹɡ

㣬Ҫʲô
еĻ涼ȴֲˡ
Ҷˡ


1387 ̨׮
ˮ̴޾뿪ˡ
ҶϴһˮϨеĻ档
ˮһ⿪ҶĽᣬû˹ǣˮ֮Ĺϵ
ҪǣĽ⿪Ҷõˮ뿪һҺתꡣ
ʱһȥ
ٽԵʱҶ費ʣµĵҺ˳ɱ꣬ǵʥ硣
ͻˣҶ糤һ
꾳ͻƣоԼĸˣйҲǿɸ֪εĶ
ڷϴһ裬һɫҶɢ˷еĽƣ߳ݣ붫һԺеȴ
߳еҶ磬붫һͫһ£ղҶʵûȴ췭ظı仯һִҲƿһеĴ
õˣ֪յıԵʲôط
Ҷ粶׽붫һ۾һŵĲ죬΢΢һЦʵ
ʽһֱԶ̨ʥʦ
˵ţ붫һԴҶǰ˰᪻ʹ֮һڷӡؽƣλڻʹħɽе̨
붫һֳƣƿؽƣŴܵħɽнʱݵ͸ؽƣ쳣
ħɽԸоһģѪϢѪϢҶħѪһģһҲҹɱ쾳ϵѪơ
ѵɱҵĻ׾ħɽ֮У
ħѪҶ縡棬иӵľ衣
ǰ̨ˣ붫һָԶһڽеľ޴Ĺ赵̨£Ұ֮ʥʦһԣ̨йء
Ϊ˲ҶøУ£ԼӪУ붫һϸΪҶܵ
̨
Ҷû뵽ԼĵһֱԣȻ漰ܸ٣⴫֮زһ˿Ȥ
պҪ̨Ҫٵ
Ҷ붫һһĻĽƣ˹⻬񣬱Ƶƣʮ֮ߵ̨¡
ʱ죬ħȰ߲صٽһ֮Ϲ
Ķ⣬һϥ̨µϢȴ
оҶϢ֣˽յ˫ʯһ۾бŨŨս⡣
ˣʥʦˣǱԾ׼ʼɡһ볤ۣͦΣͷѩףӵ쾳ʵߴ֮վȣǰĹʦ֮ıԣϷþ
Ϸʱ飬ʥʦԣΪԣ־˭ܻʤʤߣӭȢҰˮ̣
һԱԣ̨
̨ҰĴ֮֮Դ̲ҰĴУǽյıԣһڲ͸̨еһͨ׮
׮ʥͨܲ͸ƾ۳׮ѹء
׮оؾ磬ÿؾһ׮˭һУ۵׮࣬˭ʤߡ
ȹʦϸĽܺ׼£ʼԱԣ
Ҷ翴һڽµ̨ϥ̨࣬˺ܳһξ롣
ˣԱԿʼ
ȹʦɢ̨ĽƣӵӡһµĵƸֳЩ׮ھ
ʱһ޴©УɳʼҶ֮ıԣҲʽʼ

Ҷһ۾Լٵݣͷųǿ͸䶷̨һʯĤʼ͸һơ
ħµĶУȻޱȣ
͸׮ʱҶ緢׮ѶȼһţһʱƤë͸Ҫ˵ڻͨ۳׮
Ҷӵԣɱԡ
Լ£ɬѶ׮ھϱ͸Ҷ׮ҲԽԽ
⣬ȴ˲Сսüͷšһ𣬶ͷϸð˿ſź顣
ڰе©ϵɳܿ죬Сʱȥˡ
ͻȻҶ˫ֿٵŤһǿĵйͨء
һ̣гһʯ׮ѹصڰС
ʱ䣬ͽ׮һؾ磬糾Ȼ򵥣
ŸҶͷ׮붫һħ¶Цݣٽеɫȴ
ȻƽȴһֱҶϣȻҶ硣
Ҷ罫׮һؾûãҲɹ۳һ׮ѹռ䡣
糾Ѿҵ׮Ҫ죬ɣ
ɨһ۽˫ĿҶ磬͸Ҫǿ̬


1388 ˭
̨ޱȼžĵصȴԽ
©еɳʣ֮һʱҶͻȻ۾ֹͣ˲¶˲֮ɫĿ⼯ϡ
ʥʦ͸ˣ
ȹʦüͷ΢΢һ壬վҶ磬ʵ
Ѿ͸׮ҪˣҶ粻˵
ʥʦ͸׮һؾ磬սʤҽ㻹Ǽ͸ʤ㡣
ȹʦûж룬ѵ
Ѿ׮ȫ͸ؾˣҶ绺˵
ʲô
ҶĻ̨ڳȫɵۣҲ¶˳Ծ֮ɫбâ
һʱ䣬Ͳ͸ʥͨʥͨ߾磬漣
ʥʦĽ׮ؾˣе𾪣Ҷ
ţ׮ѶȲѾؾˡҶ˵ͷ
׮ѶȲ󡭡
ҶĻٰҪһͷײĳ嶯һҲδܽ׮ؾ硣
ħȹʦ츳֮ˣҲʱ䣬Ž׮ؾ硣
ѶȵʥͨҶȴֵһᣬò˶ҶĻɣǲǹ˵󻰣ġ
糾СϷչǰϷ磬һлҪʵ˵ɨһҶ磬Ļһ׮
ʱҶħߣһԾµһƮ裬һƷ裬һߵȴ
糾Ľ׮ؾˣ
ŴݵʤȯյҶ磬ħһ£㶵ؿʵ
ү˵󻰵𣿡
Ҷȸ˱е裬¶ŵЦݷʵ
̬
ħԺð֣Щͬ
ʱħһָоⲻĺܲңпܱҶеĽģͣͲǰ
һʱܿȥ©һɳԱԽˡ
ˣԽڽпˣ˭۵׮࣬˭ԱԵʤߡ
ȹʦ̨£һ۷ƵϵҶ磬ֿһ۾Ϣ⣬˵֪˭ʩչ׮
ɣʩչ֮ûȥҶ΢΢̣ϥ⣬˵
Сϣ㲻һ廨ͷ˫罣ķâضҶ硣
һֳ̣֮ͼ֮ͼ֮ͼ£ӳ
ʮأͽ̶ȣһöӰ
ɫƳۣݣü͸ŨŨɱ֮ؾ޵ħɱ¶֮ɫ
ţٽѵһľ֮ţպĳɾһ֮ϡ쾳зеĲ豭֮ɫԱ
׮
Ⱪһҷڣݻɵ׮ƾճ֣ѹΧĿռ䡣
׮ؾ
ͷ׮ȹʦ۾һ
һʱڣ׮ؾеţպķչ
ڲ˷̾ʱһгͻȻ
׮ؾ츳湻ġҶ翴΢̣¶֮ɫ⣬ļ
糾ˣƤӡɫ˵߾ߣ˵컨׹Ҳı䲻˽֡
֮ܣҶ绺վƵؿɴ۾ˣû˵󻰡
˵ţеͼصͼͼֳҶ塣
֮ϰ߲᪻㣬Ҷ۵ͼʱȫɵۣ¶˻ģ
鼶ͼôܣôܽͼ鼶ȹʦ˵һǰһĻ
һ̣˸𾪵һĻˡ
Ҷ˫ֿٵŤϵشһӵӡԽԽĿע£۳˾Ÿ׮ѹա
¡¡
Ÿ׮ҶռҵĲһ£ƬĿռ䷢Ť
Ÿ׮Ľ׮߾磡ڳ˼ʯˡ
ϵЦ˲佩ӲмĻȫɤۣһĨ𾪳ռ塣
һʱ䣬ʥͨ׮ؾ磬һ𣿡ԺиֳͬͷҶ񲻶Ϸű仯
ףף
޷ܻĴ󺰵
һоǸ᪻Ĩڣǵĵߡ


1389 ĩ
䲻ͲҪȣۣ
Ҷؿһ߳ŭСе⣬м˵
糾ҷûףܻʥͨѶȣڳ˶ʮ˶ʱ䣬ʥͨؾ
ҷ㲻Ǿ֮ܣС󡣡Ҷ̾Ϣһм˵ϣжپԵ£ûʹûУǿЦ
㡭ҶĻһ㣬ջŭ糾ʵ˵ԭǲ׮
ô䲻ʼҧˣҶЦһ˼Һʱ´ͨˡ
Ҳǻʱ£ǻ㣡ȻŭȴûʧȥǣҰٷ֮ȷףⳡ㡣
˵Ͳ㣬ʲôҶؼȹʦǲǿԽˡ
üͷͻȻ˵£ʦȷʵе˼̫ѰΪ˱ԵĹΪ˺̹Ҹҽ黹ȷһΪá
ȷϣ
ɫͳ˵Ȼո⻰аָΪջ
ٽ̴еĩҲʥͨһʱڲ͸ߵȼٽ̾ͳɼ͸ˣĳɼͽϡ
Ȼвӵŭʱ˿ݲյ
ǲеǿѣ첻䲻ȵ˵
ðɣҾͽ͵Ѷȡ
ýѶˣҶͻȻеĻֻҪṩھû⣬һʱ͸ٽ̵ʥͨߵȼ
ģ
ѩ׵üëһ£µʵ
ģҶ˵ͷ֮ǰҪһעʮƷ쾧һʱ佫ĩ֮ߵȼٽ⳥ʮƷ쾧ҵʧˣʮƷ쾧
ߣʮƷ쾧
Ʒ쾧綼ޱ󣬸Ҫ˵Ʒ쾧ˣиҶóʮƷ쾧
ܲóҵ£ҾǣǸҲҶģҾ͸ҹԹԱ죬ûʱĥƤ档Ҷ翴ɫУЦ
ãҺˣ
ȻҶԼᵽ˲ѰϢΪٽ·ֻҧӦ
ˣϿ콫ĩ֮ھңҶЩ͵Ĵߴٵ

۾͸һɫǬָóһöɫ̻ŴƵָһҶ硣
Ȼһ赭дбϾ쾳ܣѵҶ磬нУСһؾܽΪѡ
Ҷ弫ǿ󣬼ݵԲ׽еİ֣Ѩ飬ʥѪ飬֮㼯С
ֻһץͽٷİɫץУгĵ⣬ȫʥɢˡ
ǲûԷôСʧҶ˵ɫڡ
ҶʵȴԾ
ʥʦϢ£׼˾͸˵ҿʼʱ
ȹʦԽоҶ粻򵥣Ҷոս¶һ֣ĸ⡣
ϢˣھͿʼɣ
˵ţҶϥ˵ϣƿеĽƣͷǿ͸˽ȥ
ʱֳһ޴©ɳʼ
ҶԿһĩھû⣬Կʼ͸
£˵ʥʦһڽĩ𣿡
ħĩ֣֪ʥͨٽǿ֮ͨһ
Ӧû⣡
ԽҶ磬ݲǿҵĺ档
ôᵮ
뵽ҶĪµ츳Եħɵøп
ǰӣؾ붫һоԶԶҶ硣
ĩ֣ԭǽ֮ⷢӵ£γսй
ݲ£ҶܿĩֵҪ죬ӵ֮飬ͼͼĩָ°빦
ʱһһΧΧĿռȾڡ
©еɳʧһʱҶеٵػ㼯γһīݻŴ⾳ĩա
ĩֵһؾ磡
ĩֹؾ磬ÿؾһĩգҶ羹Ȼڶ̶̰ʱ䣬ĩһؾ磬еɡ
ô츳ô˸ߣ
ȭͷԴɣ޷ǰʵ
ֹ˴ԼʱڶĩոֳҶ壬ڰУݻŴй֮
Ҷ˶ʱ佫ĩؾ磬⳹ɵˣеĽҶ츳̤֧顣


1390 ػħ
£糾Ǳ̫ˣܽ£Ұ˵ҰлᳬԽΪһ
ĿҶ˼츳ԣȹʦ̾ѣĿ˸˼졣
糾ȷʵ̫ˣȾ֮ˣɲüԦ촫ԦĺãҰĸԦãҰĻ
£Ƕģȹʦ
ţ糾̫ͻȻҲ̫죬֪ݱⲢǺ£Ǹ촫
ȹʦ֮ʣҶйֱ񷣬ݻɵĩգſռеĹâ
һʱ䣬ĩ֮ؾ磬һ˿ң⽾ıܴ
֪㻹ʲô˵ģ
ȹʦһҶ磬ĿͶɫУʵ
һԱԣˣ
мѵ³˼֣εؿ䡣
ⳡ䣬ٽ˷۱Ҫ֪ĩʥͨٽ̵֮δ֣֮ȴҶһڲ͸
οҶʮƷ쾧ʧٽ˽ǡ
֪ʮƷ쾧ʲôʱң
ҶɢͷźɫĩգվļƽУʵ
Ʒ쾧ֻ̫ʮţģٽ̲֮ˣ֮ڣҶʮƷ쾧㣡ǿеŭα֤
ҶٽŲҶɣȸʮƷ쾧ٸдǷ
㡭
ը˷Σû뵽Ҷ˵Ŀɶһٵǡ
ǷԸ򣬿Ƿ˲ˣҶЦһͱ˵ٽ̵Ҫˡ
㡭ǷҴ򣡡
Ŀ֮£иûܾһܾٽƱɨأֻҧźдһǷʮƷ쾧ӸҶ硣
ʱ£ʼеڶ԰ɣ
Ҷ翴ſҪѪУԼ˫ȭգץ⣬
㲻ҪϢ¶һ˿ѰζЦʵ
ûսͲҪϢˣҶ˵
⣬ҪϢ𣿡콫ĿͶ˶ͷϱܴܵ⣬ʵ
ҲҪ
ԱҶ磬Ѿû·䣬ûлᣬҧ˵
ǺãǴ汾ȥػħ߽־ԣ
˵ţˣؽƣħɽһɭֲɽУɽȵӡһǿħߡ
֪Ƕػħ𣿡
ȹʦžػħҶ⣬ʵ
ûУ
Ҷҡҡͷͬ
ػħҰµһʥ̺ǿĻΪؿռ䣬ÿؿռĻһػħУֻԽߣĻԽ£ܵʹԽǿҡ
˭ػħߵʱֻʱҰ᪻УоʱڴԽػħ߾ؿռ䣬ߵͷȹʦϸĽʵˣ˭Ƚս
ɣ
Ҷ翴һ۷ӡǿеľػħߣ˵
ãȹʦ˵ͷǿд˾ػħߵڽƣһöʯʥʦػħлģܲסʴ鴫ʯ뿪ǿжǻɥġ
ף
Ҷ˵ͷŴʯ߽˳ǿƵľػħС
ˣ
һ߽ػħߣҶǰ˴ĻԻĴʶ

ǰûı磬ҶΣң֮鼶ͼֳ壬ͷɢˮӿĻػħȥ
֮鼶ͼȻص⣬ȫͼ
Ҷ紳ػħʱػħϷĹ⾵ӳħе龰˿ҶͷĻ֮鼶ͼʱ׷׷˾֮
û뵽糾Ի֮ôл֮鼶ͼ壬ʱ߽ħؿռɡħ͵˵
ţã糾пܴħ߰ؿռ䣬ؿռ䣡˵ͷ¶һ˿ڴ
ħ֮ĶԻɫӵ⽾ܴ
ʱĿҶɻ֮鼶ͼиǲһ˿ս
㣬㣬Ĳ㡭
ҶӾػħԽԽµĻһʱػħռ䡣
Ⱦ˵ٶȫԤϣҲò棬̾


1391 ̽
ػħ߹Ȼ򵥣ػħռĻ֮Ȼ͸֮鼶ͼʼҵĻ꺣ˡ
վػħռ䣬ǰ׺Ҷһ̤׺С
¡¡
̤׺޾Ŀͬʱըƻ壬Ҫ
ʵʵټ٣ʧþв԰ΣʶͻӶɥ
Ҷ۾סĺͻ꺣ٵ׺֮зȥ
ڷ׺ʱҶ岻ϱµĿը飬¶ɭ׵ĹͷһУҶȻֻһζļٷС
أ
ֲĿ׹һʱ䣬Ҷ˺ۣ¶Ű׹ǵ˫ȱˡ
ţҲը飬޾Ŀ׷壬Ҫ
ʵĻ󣡡
Ȼ׻𣬵Ҷϣȴûһ˿ţԼ£֪һжǼٵģǻûģԼ־壬ͻᱻһгԻ󣬴Ӷʧɥ
糾־̫ǿˣػħռĻûκεӰ죬޵ʱУп̤ػħռ䡣ŽʣԴȴٷеҶ磬˸п
ĿҶ紳ħߵһĻɫȴһĨ԰ףʵĻУ֪Լ᲻᳹ʧ
ܿ죬Ҷ紩Ծػħռ䣬ػħռ䣬һƬȼܻĻ֮С
ɽŤſռĻ𺣣ݵȫסʴҶ˫ۣı仯ٷУܿ˰ػħռ䡣
ʱػħռ䣬糾Ҫ漣𣿡
ĿӻʴƶҶ磬ħԺиֳһ󵨵ͷǸоҶҲܴ漣Խػħռ䣬ֱﾡͷ
ռѺۣôռѺۣ
ſռвϱѣɴһĿռѺۣҶȻûм٣û㣬ûһӰٿ쭡
ǰй̣ŴµĿռѺɣűģһп־;ǰУԽԽǿĻ֮ӽһռ䡣
أ뵽ػħռˣ
ĿҶ̤һ㣬ޱ޼ʵľػħʱ⳹׾ˣ޽֮ġ
Ҷ̤ػħռʱ˵۾ȴ
ػħߣֳƱĿռ䣬뵽ỽѱ־塢Ķᱩ¶еһЩܡ
Ҷϵܣ뿴ġ
ʲô
Խػħ߿ռ䣬Ҷоһɹ͸꺣УܵĲ˿־;ܣǰ֡
ãػħ⣡
ǰϤĻ棬Ҷһæƻ֮鼶ͼžػħлֿԼ꺣еĻǰֵһϤĻ档
š
ҶǰĻ治ϵط飬ž޲¶˲֮ɫԾҶֶΣס˾ػħеĻ
ڸոһŵĻУһˣһԸˡ
糾Ȼػйϵ
üͷšһԺиһͷб˵⡣
ԵԼܵĻ棬Ҷٵһľػħ߾ͷȥ
ȻԽӽͷħеĻԽ£һδɱ̫£ʴҶ꺣Ļɵˡ
ڣٽʱʱҶ˺˾ػħռ䣬˿ռ価ͷһȭһʵʵĹţ뿪˾ػħߣ档
ޱȵļž
ŴԽػħߣδ˵Ҷ磬ȹʦȫµˣ񿴹һ㶢Ҷ硣
ʱҶ磬ҲЩ֪ûͨոյĻ棬ӵԼĵܣӵˣ»鷳
ʥʦ̫ˣ̶ܼ޸㣬ĸҰ᪻ĸ
ĿǵؿҶ磬˵ƽɫ޷ʵ뷨
ʱ£Ȼ֪ûз̵ĻᣬػħߣһҪһ³ȫ
ȭͷвʵ
ʱҲûһʼ緢ıҶ糹׼̤ˡ
ãҸᣡ˵ͷ

һŬԼƽմʯ뵽˾ػħС
֪֮ػħߵѶǺεȵĿֲ
Ȼһǿ֮ģŬűģŬܻӰ죬ػħؿռʱҲֲס
ֲϢĥȥܵеĴʯ뿪ػħռ䡣
ԣѾӮǷԴӦҵˣ
ҶƳһ̱ڵϣѪɫ⣬ʵ
糾ҳԣ־㣬ҳϣ𣿡
ȻĳףⲢģҧ촽ڵվƱҪӮҶһһЩ档
ô㻹ҽһ䶷
Ҷ翴ɫ԰ף˫Ѫ⣬мʵ
𣿡ҧƵ
ðɣȻ㻹پһδҳȫ㣡ҶЦЦʹشӦ


1392 һս
Ȼִ䶷պһʹ䶷䶷
컺վŷƵҶԼ伱۵⣬
лл£
Ѫɫ۾бŨŨɱ⣬ɨһ۸޾Ҷ磬
ʥʦѾӮԾ䶷ΣҰ̶δķ
˵ԤϣͻȻ
糾ҵţҵòŮˣҲõһ䶷Ծɱ㣬𣡡ȭͷҧзĵ
ллʱ£
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
糾ɷȽΧͼңĿƽ͵ؿҶҶΧͼܸȤ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷǻõͼ˳졣
ˣıԵ˽һȥϢɣ
õͼ¶ѵõЦݣ
ص˴԰Ҷڷв½ƣ۾췢һĻĻ
е㲻
Ҷ̾ϢһԼھػħʧ˲䣬¶ϵһЩܣ췢֡
˴Ĳǵʥ磬ͻ롢򣬾⣬ҶоԼҲȫˡ
˼һᣬҶ뵽ǬУƷʥĹƤԼǰڻɱˣõżƷʯ˳׼ƤƳڼףϣһԼķ
ǬУʥȸƹƤʱٽסĹԺȴѹֵ˴
˳𲻱ĲΪˣһҪɱ
裬ı˫ȭɱȻ˵
⣬֪Ļɱ糾糾ܲ򵥣ʵ±лҪ£սǰ
пųܲסʧص⣬ҡҡͷ
ףңҲˣ˫ȭյĿ
⣬ҿ԰㣬ҪڻɱǷ糾ĺзеĲ豭˵Ƿ糾츳̫ˣʥʦ˷κġ
һ㵱ڻɱпܼŭ죬ŭ
֪Ҷҵħɱ֮·Ӵֹҧʵ˵
ðɣȻѾҲȰˣҽٽ֮Ʒʥ㣡
ӵ죬Ӧڲ֮أһǲ飬ɱ糾ɱǾֻͶһ·ˡ
һһ͸ŹϢ̻ɽӴĹ죬⡣
ллף
ӹٽ֮Ĵ󶨣Ѫɫ۾б⣬Ĭ糾Ҵĳ裬һʮٱĻ㣬Ҫһڵϣҷ㡣
ʱһš
ʱƣҶ罫ļƷƤУޱȼ͵ĹƤƳһڼףϡ
⣬֪ɱңֺɱأ
ҶԹƤڼ׵ķ⣬ټϽۣƷʥҲƿֺ
׼Ҷ߳ʱ¶Цݣˮɫȹ˳е쾡£¶ڿе˫޳ۺɫ촽¶һ˻ȵˮؿԼ
ôҲҪȥ䶷
Ҷߵˮߣɢĵ˵
ѽҪۿδɷΪҴеĻ棡
ˮ§Ҷĸ첲̬ܵǰŨŨɱ̬֮վ˵䶷
絽⣬ˮ§Ҷĸ첲̬ܵɫ˲
ˮ̴˾ǵڳȼܵĶʻ𣬺޲ýҶǧУʬΡ
ӣɱ˷糾ٶԸ㣬Ҿк³ҧгݵзĵ
ˮ̵ĵȴû¶κεɫ·ĬҶˮ̵Ĺϵ
Ȼʥʦˣ䶷׼ʼɡ
ȹʦվ
ȥǱߵңҶˮץԼ첲Сֵһ֪³
㡭
ӦԼŮˣȴƤӺͱңץҶ٩ը˷Σֵĳ嶯
ôɱң
ɢɱҶȻ壬ʵ
üͷһ壬һʱĿ³ԣ˰ѱ
ȻһͷβСˣҶҡҡͷҸɱҵĻᣬҺһս𣿡
⣬ɴӦû뵽Ҷ羹ȻƻԼɫ΢΢һ䣬
ˣ㣬Ƿҵʮ߿Ʒ쾧ʲôʱңòծɣҶƳһУ˵
ģǷƷ쾧һŶ١ҧջ˵

⣬Ǹˣ͸ʹ컰ҪŤŤǣɫ粻⣬Ҷ缥
ãҴӦ㣬ⳡ䶷ǲݣ
ȻҲᵽΣյϢĿ⵽ƣԼĵƣһڴӦˡ


1393 ȫѹ
ľݣ
ȹʦüͷ΢΢һ壬ĿײλĶˣʵ
ţԼͲģ
˵ţҶ³˵⣬ӷΣһռ䶷ֳ̨ʥָɫˮ⣬ս߰˵⣬㻹ڵʲô
糾ұɱ㣡
ⲻеɱ⣬һֳһ׼ʥȼĺɫǹ䶷̨ϣҶš
ʣ뿴ٽ̶԰Ĺķϣؼʱһ
Ȼٽ֮죬֪ΪΣŴݵҶ磬뵽Լȴһ˿òɫĮȻ졣
УٽĶҰĹԻؼʱһٽĴģҲҪ飡һƮ˿˿裬̺˵
⣡
Ļٽжͷð˿ſź飬֪Լԭй£Ӧñ֪ˡ
ʱ£ԭҵĴұ֤ԺЧҰԺͷڰٰѡ
Уһˣϣ㲻Ҫٷڶδ󡣡¶ѰζЦݵ
ǣף
վԸ쵹裬֤
ˣɣ۱Σұˣе̬Ⱥ⣬¶ѵõЦݵ
һԵˮ̣ոյһĻ̬ȣĸ⡣
Ҷʥʦݣǳһȵ츳ֵ£˲ţ̬Уһָоٽ̡
һڹؼʱֹҶɱ⣬пҶ԰ĵ⡣
Ϊһʥʦǡ
ǹģҶ硣
Ŀ⸴ӵˮ̺˼ʱҶ֮֮սʼˡ
糾Ҫ
Ⱪһ֮ͼ֮ͼֳ壬һǹ̳ͼûϰٵ֮ƣڽ˺ǹУҶؿڡ
ⲻٽѵһľ֮ţʵ治Сһǹ´ﵽ˾ޡ
ǰʵȷ糾һ֪Ƿ糾ԡ
Ŀһǹ֮ǰսĻӡ˽Ҷ֡
⣬ʵʵΪ̫ˣ
ҶЦһ֮ѪȼգڵĻ˲˾űһѪɫƬȭͷ
أ
ӱڽӶѪڣȹŵȭͷӭȥ
ʲôѪȭͷӲ׼ʥ糾˲ɣ
ڻӣǵɴ˫ۣͣ׷׷˾Ҷľٶ

û뵽Ҷ˿ǿһǹƱҪҶ첲̴شս
ǵ̳ĺǹҶȭͷʱһִΡɽϵĸо޷̽һ֣һǿķ֮ǹ⴦
ôᣡ
ɫޱʱҶȼħ֮Ѫ˲ڽ˲䱬Ӳǹѹ䣬һɹɿµ͸ǹֱУֱ۷飬Ѫ

Ҫسǹʱ鼶ͼֳ壬˿ƿ̣֯ż֮⡣
Σʱ̣ؿڻƹһһɢɻƹ⣬ŵȼĶƳǰֵĹ
꣡
ӲŵȼĶ˵ѺۣջضܣҶͷںͭʥ˶ƣؿڡ
Σʱ̣˺ǹǱһܡ
ܵ˲䣬ؿȴʥһؽۣѪܿƵ
ˣˣ
ѹǶ֮ʵ̫ˡ
غϣͶҶˣ˼ʶҶʵĿ¡
Ҫ
ѪֹؿڣѸȼǿѪ֮֮ͼ֮ͼݣźɫĩոֳ壬Ⱦռ䡣
ĩ֣֮Ҳᣡ
Ҷ翴ֺɫĩգЦһ鼶ͼ£ں֮µ֮۳ŸӾĺɫĩա
¡¡
ռһ£ݻŴ⾳ĺɫĩײһޱߵķˣ䶷̨е⡣
ʱ䶷̨类ռڶûһ㣬˿ҷĺɫ⣬κε龰
µĩ֮ʱһѪӰںɫзɳݺݵײھҲĽƹϣˤ䶷̨


1394 ռ
⣬ʵδ̫ʧˣƾ㱾£Ҳսң
һĽâ˺˺ɫˣǿ֮Ҷ绺˳ŻѪˤ䶷̨⣬
糾ҷģһɱ㣡
Ѫɫ۾һֻŭҰޣ˻ŭ
ôΣ
Ҷؼʥֳģ£һֻĻȶǵĻ򣬷
죡
Σʱ̣⽫Լ̣Ʒʥٻ˳ֳҵҡſռ䣬ֱϮķʥ
Ʒʥԭȱ˵ôҴӦԼʶҶ粻ϲȱƷʥⱦҾЦˡ
죬֣֮أ
ѸٷһźɫҩǱֳҵҡҡһƬɫĽٷ磬ϯҶ磬Ҫ˺顣
ҵҪܿƷʥã
ɫٷϮҶȻ壬鼶ͼ鼶ͼ鼶ͼ໥һ𣬻һƬ
УĴ׼ʥѹأźɫٷ
ҶһĶãĴ׼ʥ󣬵غɫٷ繥£Ĵ׼ʥĹϷ飬ռҲ˺ѵǧٿס
׮
ۿյĺɫٷ罫Ҷϯ棬Ҷŵ⣬۳˾Ÿž׮ѹأźɫٷ
죬飡
ɫٷ类Ҷʩչֶλ⣬ⲻϧ۵һڿѪ̶ȼҶʩѹ
Ǭ󣬽ն񷣡
ںɫٷ罫Ҷɵ˲䣬һ˰Ǭ֮壬ͷĽͼη˺˺ɫٷ磬նɫ΢⡣
䣡
һı
⵽һ˰Ǭܼ֮ĹҡⱻˣײĽƱϡ
Ǭһ֮ŭ
ץס޷֮ʣҶһ˰Ǭ֮һ𣬻ʮɳǿľ޽ݺݵն
Ǭ޽ն˲䣬ʥϳʥףˮӿ壬˿µ֮ȥ
䣡
ľ䶷̨Ե𣬿µķ˫ȲвʵõŮŵһƨ˵ϡ
Ǭһ֮ŭ˫ع޿ɱܵش˾󲿷ֹһԽɱ
£޷̵Ŀܣ³
û뵽Ҷʵ˵ĿֲҲûĻᣬòĿ¶졣
ٵȵȣڻʱ򣡡
۹εȵһۿҶٻһ˰Ǭ֮ʮƷʥټҶϵʥԼ׵Ʒʥ컳ɣҶϵʥ³ʮ
ĹϵǳȻͺʵӵôʥ
ΪҶϵʥģɫЩܵĶ˵⡣
飬ȼգ
ˣ֪ٲƴԼûˣѪڽУͬʱǿȼ飬ޡ
죬ҷ
ⲻƣֳҶ緢һһƬɫĻɳ죬籼ϢĺںӣĴ׼ʥ˿ٻǬͼɱҶ硣
ͼ
ƷʥǿһҶ粻Ҵ⣬ٻƷʥͼȫ

ŵں鼶ͼ֮ƳʵʵľͼײҡĺɫĻ䶷̨мҵĶԹ
ǡͼܼҵľͼ
Ҷͷ۳֮ľͼϳͼɫ˲
ܼҵҲ崫еػߣηͻλ̫ϳɥܼʼ֣֮Ӱ˰ʵ
糾ĴˣܼйأҰĿֻʲôأ첻дҶ⡣
䣡
ƷʥԹγɵĹֱֲ̫Ӻ˰ϴɵ䶷̨طҲǿĶײ£ϵ顣
ɽĻأƴҡұ¶ɭ׵Ĺͷ
ƷʥսµҶ磬ȴס˻籩ϴһͭϮɱ
ݣ
ǰһ֮ͭ⣬һ죬Ѫֱ¶ɭ׹ͷұۡ
ɣ
ͭұۣҶʩչһֽնԴҪһԴ̱˽
ǧһ֮ʣҶǰĿռͻȻ壬ϻһ
һ̣һֳֻ֣͸˲Ѻ۵Ŀռڣһץʧȥұۣʹధ⡣


1395 
ռ򣡡
ǰռ䣬ץס֣Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬֣ⷢ־Ȼƾ۵ġ
ΪҪڹؼʱ⣿ҶԺӵͷĪĸеһ˿
飬ʥѪ飬֮飬ڣ
ȻҶ²ͼ˱ɱ֮ģ˲ںʥѪ飬ؾޣ赲Լռ䣬֯޾ĵһ
һɱ顣
һصռ䱻ˣĽâգ֮ԴᵽϢȫë׶ֱ
ۿһ̴ԴͻȻһָ׼ȷĵ˴ĽâϣڰмסҶһ
һִֽ̣еץ˰У뿪ȫݣɷ䶷̨
ⱻߣٽ֮ȴҶƾͼѹսǬС
糾콻
пҶ統죬ʱŭˣλվŭɶ
ҵսƷΪʲôҪ㣿ҶЦһʵ
㡭
ը˷Σٽ֮ʧҶߣƱӰٽʵ
ʱ£ҺԼ֪ΪҪ
Ҷ粻˫УĿͶɫƽ˼죬ʵ
ҿеῡܣɥ첻ϲ˵
ʱ£⻰ˣȻԼӦý֮⣬޹ʲֽʧ˿ࡣ
Ҷһ߷˼һ˵
Ұ˭˵ʣһ˫ص˵ˣ±Ѿ㲻˵ˡ
ʱ£ҺʱӭȢ̣
̬УҶᵽһ˿ѰϢҪӭȢˮ̣뿪
糾̶۰Ůѵһ壬һʣ˫޿Եõ󲻵ĺôóЩƸ񣬻ȢĿƽؿҶ磬ˮ̵ܡ
壡
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽ˮ̾ȻӵʣҲΪʲô׷ˮˡ
ʱ»ҪʲôƸ񣿡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
Ҳû뵽ˣѽΧͼ죬ʧȥ̡
ҲҪʮƷʥһƷʥƷʥɡ˵
ʱ£˵Ц𣿡
ʨӴ󿪿ڶթԼҶջʵ
ôŮҸȲһЩ֮𣿡첻ϲʵ
ΪҶ磬ˮ̾վ
ʱһǿĿռѹˮΧĿռ䣬ã˵Ҳ
ûƷʥʱµҪˡ޷㣡
Ȼ̬ҶᵽΣϢϣȴһ˿ŭͻţȵ˵
ûϵҿԸṩҩģĿؿҶ
ҲӦ
ҶһָоԼƸǻΪԼ
糾㲻ҪΪӮԣһӭȢ̶òҪƸֻܽ⣡һԶҶģ
Ȣ̣ұ֤һڣնͷٽ̻ҷ𣡡
ҶȻԵػӦУͷֱ
СΪٽӣɱ۾д
ߣŻ㣿Ҷһʥʦݣþ᲻ٽ̣
㡭
ҶĻŭв뵽ݡ
ʥʦĵλΪߣӵмµĺӰһжԸԼ˵Ļٽ̡
糾ٽҰĸӹԸǾ͵ڶԸңҪҰΪ𣿡˵˲ת䣬ħɫ΢䡣
ʱ£һҪȢɣóһƸ񡣡
Ҷ粻Ժ˼˺ˮ̵ļʡ
оˮΧĿռ䱻޷͵ǬУʹֻ취
ʲôƸ񣡡ʵ
һſñͻ缫ޣͻƵǵʥĵҶʯ쾪
š
ͫһ۾б޾Ĺâ
ȹʦħҲ¶˾֮ɫ
ȵδţУǼֵɹ
һʱ˵ĿˢˢļҶϣոջЩӵĻʱѻȸ


1396 յİ
ֵ
Ҷ磬ɵʵ
У
Ҷһ޻õĵ˳ⵤȱҩеҩҲƳʥƼϵ
ⵤǴӺδģ֤ⵤм¼ĵҩñͻƵǵʥɵ
ⵤΧõģҸⵤƳһöʥƼϵһλǰͻƵǵʥ磡Ҷӭӣ˵
˵꣬ǵʥĲǬд˳
Ϣǵʥ
оϺޱߣǸеصϢ΢΢һ䣬и¶˾֮ɫ
û뵽Ҷӵпռ䱦û뵽ǵʥܳ
Ȼвǵʥж£ţǵʥҪٽ̣ǾԵֵס
糾ҵСˣüͷ΢΢һ壬ضŲᣬ˼һµ㽫ⵤңҴӦ̶޸㡣
ѾˣúȹҶ˵
ԣ
ʹشӦɢ˿ռƣˮָ̻ɣܵҶߡ
죬ֳ֮ˣҸףˮ޵ؿųǸ죬ǳ
̶һŮöԸ˵ĻٺݹҶ㲻
쿴ŵָԼˮ̣ɫһһǿϢɢһΡĸɽѹˮ̡
ߣ
ͷŵĿϮ°ĲһֱƵѹȣǿʵ¶š
糾Խеĵ˰ɣ۾͸һ˿˼֮ɫеŭ𣬵˵
ҿԸ㣬ģõߣҶûʥƼϵĵ죬˵
УǼŵģǲ뿪᪻ʹԵػӦ
ôǣ
ɫһǵ˫бâ˵
ˣҷⵤǼٵģǳԿˡӭŲбķâ䲻ȵ˵УȰòҪǿ뿪ұ֤ǻڡ
ãǿ£ֻܵʱ䣬ڣûƳʥƼϵǶҪ뿪ҶһͻȻı
ԣʴӦ㣡˵ͷһڴӦ
ⵤ㣡
Ҷָ΢΢һʥƼϵ졣
߰ɺ̣סĵط
ӳҶûٶ§ŷŭˮ̣ڲͬ£뿪䶷صˮ̾סˮ鿸
磬ΪʲôҪҸұ֤ĵǲģǸ޳ܵαӶŹǡ
صˮ鿸ˮ̽ץҶĸ첲ʵ
Ϊһɣ˰֣ͻΧ뿪㼫пܻûġҶ˵еĹǡ
֡
ˮĵ¶һĨ԰ס
ҶѣˮͻȻ뵽ҹҹԼȴǲ̸ݣԼ˰֣׼Լȥ䶷սҲǹġ
Ҫ£ʲôҶа취ƽˮ¶һ˿֮ɫҶὫ§˻У֤߰ɣǻݡ
˵ţҶ罫ᴫ͵ǬУ§ˮӣĹ뷿֮С
̣ʲôҪ룬Թڴϱ۾һꡣ
Ҷ§ˮ˴ߣ΢΢Щ԰׵Ľë˵
ţ
ˮ̵˵ͷѵСЬӣŽ覵СţƽĴϣһҶ磬·Ҫģӡű˫

Ҷһץˮ̵󣬿Լݣͷų͸壬һΪ塣
Ȼо綾
ҶԣϸϸΪˮ̼ʱвһֵԶأʴ
Ϊˮ̼壬ҶֿƼݵˮ͸꺣һǿơ
úݵֶΣĽ̵Ů𣿡
Ҷû뵽ĺˮ¶꺣ʩƣȺݶֶΣҶΪջ
磬һо𣿡
ˮ̳Ľëһ£Ư˫Ҷüͷڴ˼µԼɫֲ԰һ֡
İɺ̣ڣˣҲˮ̳˵Ҷ缷һ˿Цݣ֤
磬㣬£ƽⰵǰҪҰɣҾҲûźˣˮ̻Ư۾͸һ˿֮ɫסҶĲӣ촽
ˮе飬ϵĴ⣬ԼȺ촽ǻ𣬻ҶеԭʼѹԼУٻػˮ̹뷿£ڷв˸ƣˮ̻˵ĽĴϡ


1397 Զ
ˮ衣
Ҷˮ̵ײۺһдһ
ϣˮ̱Ҷ糹׵˴죬ˮƱ¶޷ݵ㣬ǲΣʱжôҸá
˽ӵźƣĻУ˫˫˯
峿͵͸еĶˡ
ű˴˵ףҶˮһЦ鲻Խһҹ컻δɢȥµļٴϮ
ˮ̱۾§ҶĲӣŤϸ֫һδεҶ磬ķʽŶҶİ⣬ڻĺС
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãڵļŽɢȥҶ紩·һͷңĵ¶һ˿֮ɫȴֵˮ̶̣ڵԶغ⣬һⶾ½ⲻ˴˶һ̺صǧݣҲԶڵԶء
Զܻ̿ʹ࣬һҪסһʧܣ
İɳ磬סΪҵģˮ¶һ˿˵Цݣն˵
²˳٣ҿʼΪⶾɡ
˵ţҶǬȡһͨڣ̺صǧݣһڷʥһ㽫ǧڻǧеʣᴿʮ̺صĺɫҺ
̶죬Ҫκε︺һнңҶһһƯڰеĺɫҺ뵽ˮС
һ̣Ҷһָˮؿڴ֮鲻ϵش֮һڽˮ̵壬ǿڵ뾡һа취Զ˺
ɫҺˮڻͷųĶأڽ壬ʴԶؽһ𣬼ҵĶԳ⣬ܵ˾޴ʹ
Ȼˮ㹻׼Զʹǳ۵ȥ
֮ϵ壬ģʶ۵Ļ˹ȥ
̣죡
ԼʱҶƵڶκɫҺ뵽ˮ̵壬ԶķʽڵԶء
ͬʱ˰ʥʦʥʦѪʥʦʥƼϵα
ôλʥʦܼʥƼϵǷģ
ŲҩԵĵʥʦˣüͷ˵ʥƼϵģǼֵ̫ˣðΪһпܰԿ½
£˷ⵤпģⵤϼҩҺѪʥʦδ޷ֱŵǷʥʦѪʥʦһ£˵
ģ쾳ͻƾ缫޵ĵҩ¶˼֮ɫҰҲһ̣߶ȵ͡
ʥʦѪʥʦǷ޷Զҩһµ
£öҩס糾ʥʦ
ȻҶѣʥʦĵҶԸΪС
ҺһⵤģҲܽĵǣҪõĵ취С˵ͷ
£糾ʥʦԶʤ࣬ҪԶҩѣʥʦüͷ΢΢һ壬ҡҡͷ
£ҵһɫζڽĶҩԳһ£ֻҪʱ룬ͻжܲס˵Ѫʥʦ˵
ãǾԣŪʥƼϵһÿһʥƼϵ̤֮ǵʥ磡
¶һ˿ݵЦݣŵ
£Ͳ·糾ʥʦֱµͼҳͻʥʦţ̺µʥʦ̾ϢһȰ˵
Ҳû£뵽ˮµİ֣¶һ˿ЦݵǷҵָɽ
ˣλʥʦоŵѼҩȡ룡˵꣬żҰ뿪ˡ
ʱһȥ
ҶԶˮڶʱһĸɫɴȹ¶ŴƬѩ׼Ըǣ˫ȻԲ޳òˮмƣĶ˵Ůӣµĵģˮ̵Ĺ뷿⡣
λǺ̵Ľ㣬Ҷ͵ĵģ
ȹŮӿػڹ뷿Ľܺͻƽս˵
ķ⣬뿪ˣ
Ҷڷд˵
ðɣ
ȹŮûǿ󣬽̵ķ˵ϣת뿪ˡ
ڶ죬ȹŮûг֣ɫۣ׷ͯյĵĴʦȴˡ
Ҷ뵤ĴʦǾʶĵҶ粻þܾҶҲ̽̽ĴʦĻ߳ˮ̵Ĺ뷿¶ݣصصʥʦ


1398 ˺Ƥ
ʥʦ֪ңкιɣ
Ҷ翴صصʥʦʵ
糾ʥʦʮ־һˣʵڲ뿴ͻݣʥʦ̾Ϣһ
ݣǹʳ̰ͼϵıҪءҶɨһ۵ʥʦϵƣ˵
ЩҲܶ˵пܣ뿪ɣһ죬Σһ죡ֹĵʥʦ̾Ϣһĵ̺ܿܣǵʥҲռһ˿ˡ
˵꣬ʥʦת뿪ˣûн¡
Ŀŵʥʦ뿪ıӰĦĻҶüͷšһ˼
ˮ̵ƿУֻнϵΣȫŸͻΧ뿪
ʥʦߣճֵİȹŮֶ̾µĵģҡҷԸе֫˵ˡ
ʥʦڼˣȹŮһЦǺ̵Ľ㣬Ҳһˡ
һˣҶһЦҿɸʲ𡣡
ʥʦ˵Ҷ񣬰ȹŮӲ⣬˵ʥʦĵģûȤأ
жûȤҶ˵ˣˣУﲻӭ㣬ԺҪˡ
˵꣬Ҷת뿪ˣصˮ̹뷿֮С
ţôᡭ
صУҶԸӦһ壬ķ֣ڳ˺ѱ˲Ķأﵽǵʥ㹻죬
ȻԼʲôʱжģ֪ԼжҪô뵤ʥʦйأҪôȹŮйأϳһ˿ŭ⣬һԺУͤͤվԭأδȥİȹŮǰ
㵨ӲСҶ¶ΪҲɱ㣡
ҶŰȹŮĵŭ˵
ʥʦϲ㣬ҪҰɣ
Ҷŭ񣬰ȹŮӷ·ħ·ͻȻѿ¶˳ӣҶ硣
Ҷ練Ӧ죬һѿסĲӣԭᵽ˰УҪԶѻꡣ
ͻȻһѪڰȹŮ˳ͫͻȻɢ۾еԽԽ
糾Ů㣬ΪҪɱ
ͻȻİȹŮӣҶüͷšһʱһŭıܳˡ
һ̣һڵϵĵķɵУһżʯ
µֶˣΪ˸ԼһԸҵĽڣס֮ڣ¾ȻԼŮ̶չȻû㣬Ȼһ޳ܵαӡ
еļʯҶʱͨȥ
ϵԼܲж֮£ϵԼܻᱨȹŮӣüʯסȹŮԼеһĻռȻɱԼҲܶס֮ڣԼĻ
糾ڸһѡ񣬽ʥƼϵĵңҾͷ̶뿪ֻҪպҰΪУұ֤Ҳ鷳պ˼ʯ¶˼ƵóѵЦݵ
Ӧأ
Ҷ罫ȹŮӵʬӵ˵ϣŬԼ侲˵
Ӧ̶ɭȻ˵ȫȻˮ̵
죬Ӯˣ
һʱ䣬һҸ𰸣Ҷһ
ûôģؾܾ
£ҶӦڶҷ㣬ԶҲòʥƼϵĵ
ˣһ£ҸĵȱеҩҲƳʥƼϵ
˵꣬Ҷ粻˵ĻᣬѸٻصˮ̵Ĺ뷿У˸ơ
ãҾ͸һʱ䣬ʱѷɣ
ȷҶʥƼϵû׼һʱ䣬úòһ޵Ҷ硣
ţҶһʱڣˡ
磬㲻ҪˣϿ߰ɣٲҶҪɥ
ɫ԰ףˮѶϤ淢£ҧ촽ߴٵ
İɺ̣᪻ʹңʲôҪ룬Ҫһʱ䣬ƽ꺣еӡǣʱҴ뿪
ȻˮڶػδȫģȷеӡǣӡǲʱҪˮ̵
ǡ
ûʲôǣҪľǹԹĽңҶҡҡͷն˵
ţ
ҶˮĳҸ͸жҧ촽ԹԵص˵ͷ۾
ԣһпˣ
һҶԼݣͷǿ͸ˮ̵Ļ꺣У꺣еӡǡ
Ϊ˱ݾߣҶûäĿĿӡǣѰſƽķ
ֻҪһ˲ƿӡǣ췴ӦǰˮΣ
һʱ̫ˣҶνֶ룬ܡ


1399 棿
ֶιȻ̶꺣еӡǵĽṹ̫ˣ
Ҷ˴ʱ䣬ûݳˮ̻꺣ӡǵĽṹҲֱƽķ
أҶͷð˿ſź飬гһ˿
һʱƽˮ̻꺣еӡǣԼʧȥȨǣűߡ
Уʱ䲻оȥˣðһˣ
Ҷһðˮ̻꺣еӡǣð֮ǰԻһ죬ȡһʱ䡣
ͨ񣡡
Ҷһʩչͨ񣬾һԼ߳ˮ̵Ĺ뷿ڿֲ£鲼ֵˮ鿸ڡ
ҽʥƼϵ
Ҷ羵һɫһƳףɢŵħؾǰ˵
ã֪ͨʱ£
üëһ£ó˴Ѷ飬촫Ѷ档
֪һϢҲΪ⣬Ѹˮ鿸󣬼Ҷ羵
Ҷ羵ĵһۣ͸һ˿쳣Ҷ羵ɢϢе
ͨʮ죬ûж롣
죬ʥƼϵ㣬ϷҺͺ뿪𣿡Ҷ羵Ŀ˸죬ʵ
ԣֻҪʥƼϵʴӦߣ˵ͷʹشӦ
죬㲻ٳƭҰɣҶ羵˵ʱ䡣
ߣӦǱʻɣ᲻һŲĵŪңɫ˵
˵֮ʣһоˮ̵ӡһʳϵ
ʱ˿̣עҶ羵лɫƤϣûйעˮ̻꺣ӡǵı仯
Ҷ羵ȵʵ
ģ֤еģ㽫ңõʥʦѪʥʦȷһ£û⣬ߡ˵
죬ҵɵϲɣҶ羵ЦһҸȷţۼɹΣ㶼һҧⵤ⡣
糾ȰòҪҵģʵ飬ΨһĻᣬپܾǾͱֱȡˡɫľ
죬ӦʥƼϵļֵգò˶ãܳΪһ
Ҳһжҳ֣ұ֤ⱲĻԵҶ羵뾡һа취ʱ䡣
𣿡
ͫһӱħ⣬͸Ҷ羵۾УþķӦһ˿ٻ
һ̣˲һҶ羵ǰתͼƺݺݵӡ˾ؿϣһؿڣеƤ
ƤʱɫʱƤϿտҲûһ֡
һɵҶ磬鲣һˡ
ʱҶûڵһʱ֣Ѹٻصˮ̵Ĺ뷿С
ã
췢Լˣˣȼŭʱˮ̻꺣еӡǱٲʳɫʱˣԥ˱ԲʳӡǣҪˮ̵ꡣ
ۣ
ӡ飬ˮ⵽˳صĴ˺ѵǧٿףѪ˳߿˳Ⱦס
꺣еӡǱԲʳ֮ӡǱըû
裬ڣ
߿Ѫͷʹѵˮ̣Ҷó˿޸˵ĸ裬ڽصĻ꺣Уٵ޸֧ꡣ
ʱŭеƤޱߵɱ⣬ˮ̹뷿УҪҶ磬ǿʥƼϵ
ͻȻҶ߳һɳԽĿֲϢݻηĵ⣬γһɿµУɫ΢죬Ҫ˺塣

ɵ֮Ŀ£ɫ΢䣬нֳ׼ʥȼķֵ֮еĹ
ϾǵʥݻĹ£׼ʥȼķֵ֮סӲ˳ȥ
ռ򣬿ռ壡
Σʱ̣ʩչǿĿռ򣬲ϵǰĿռ䣬ǿеĹٶȣȡܵʱǱ˻
죬̶ϺеİֱˣǲǺѻ𡣡
Ҷ罫ˮӽ§ڻУɫˮ۽Ǽ죬˵
糾ҵСֶˡ۾͸ŨŨɱ⣺Ϊܾ
ĻҶɫ΢΢һ䣬͵ؿŵˮ̣оڵѪ׵ıըˣѪٵˡ
ѪԱ㾹Ȼ̶֣
ҶѸóһݣιˮѪֱУȶơ
ûõģƿУɣ
¶һ˿ݵЦݣ·ˮ̲ŮС
֮飬
оˮڵٵˣ棬ҶٻͥѨ֮飬ڽˮУѹ˵
һ̣Ҷ磬ˮ̣Լͬʱʧˡ


1400 
֮飬
صǬҶ粻ϵؼ֮ͷųǿ֮ڽˮ֧Уǿ޸ָʧȥ
⵽عˮ̵ʮأټڲĶر᧿Σ
㹻ǿ֮ʥ˫£ˮ̱סһȴֹۡ
䡭
ʱǬı
Ǭλãŭ˷׷׳֣ǬҪ˺ƷɱǬУҶˡ
ߣҳȥɱˣ
о֮£ˮ޴󰭣ҶӡڲʯУƷʥ赽˲ᣬͼڣ뿪ǬӭһɹɻĹ硣
赣أ
ǵʥ磬Уɷӽһ£赲ϵر󣬸ŻҵĿռ䣬۳ɱϵغ糱ˮϮĻ𹥻
ǰȫɱ죬Ҫ
Ҷɫ죬
ãˣ
ֳ־赣ϵ˺ػ𹥻ɱɫ΢졣
׮أ
Я֮Ϯ죬Լվ쾳ͬʱ֣۳ʮ߸׮ѹ˲ᣬҪ֮ѹ
ǵʥ쾳֮ʵ̫ڲݻ֮£ʮ߸ѹصϵ顣
˾ħɱ󣡡
ۿʮ߸Ϯ쾳֣ܳˣ˴в֪µĹ󣬽֮ʵǿĲᡣ
䣡
˾ħɱ޾ħ˲ûٵħ˲񷣬ն˽Ĳᡣ
ᾳƣ
þ赹̫󣬲ûãǿƷʥᾳӳأһ⣬ħݻħҶԳ⡣
ǵʥĲᣬһ֮ӲȰ쾳ܣֳƷʥͼڻ£쾳ܼսһ𣬾ǧؾˡ
Ǭ򣬻ޣǣǳž޴ѹİԡѪս
ڳ淢ʱͻȻ˴Ľ⣬ʮ᲻ɴݵĽħƾճ֣һǿ󣬷ǿħħɱҶˡ
ܣƽս޷ǬǶԵУ
ҶȻƿżµµİ̫ӵв쾳ܣʹؾܣǬ鷳ҶǰȥæԼƷʥս£ӭʮµĽħܡ
ҶħУʮħͬʱ֣һȭƲ񷣬ȭâҶҪ顣
Ѫȼգ
ҶһħѪ֮ѪѪͬʱȼգʥѪ飬Ҳȫͷųǿʵ
գ֮䣬Ҷʵﵽؾޣ쾳Ҳһ֮ңֳִ죬ſռ䣬ʮħܵĹ
Եʵ;˵ķסʮħܵĹҶ³˽ͼӵһħǰ
鼶ͼֳ壬ֳʥںͭ꣬ǰĽħܵؿڡ
һ̣ڽֳƵʥ̽ؿڣʥд⣬Լ֮ͭٵر塣
ʲôһħܣ
ٿذ˾ħɱս췢֣һħܱҶһ壬ˣţս޻ʾҶ磬Ⱦս
ɱɱɱ
ʮһֻ֪ɱ¾Ľħܷ঺߹Ҷ磬Ҫش
죬
ʱҶҵҡŲ񷣬γޱߵ֮ҶΧʮһħܵĹ
ͨԽţ
ֵʮһħܹ֮ʣҶ֮ϣ̤˰Խţ˱һѵĽħܡ
һŲ£ﰧھ֮İԽֱӽѵĽħ̤ˡ
ǿ̤һħܣħҶץסʤ׷ʩչʥطͨһħܡ
ȫ£ħܱӲˡ
ҶٵֵɹĽħܣֻڵѪ
κβʵֲ̫赺ᾳ˾ħɱԹϾĶԸҶ硣
󵨣Ұ᪻ʹң
ͻȻһŭı쾪ԶԶ
һɫۣѩ׵ĳɢ˫磬߼ԦһֻоſԴľͷ߳֡
ߣǰʣ쾳޵ɣʵ֮ϣ磬Ԧľͷߣذ£ﵽƷʥ޵ȼĻʥޡ
ǵĳֱ֣Ťת˾棬Ҷ˵ĴüΣա


1401 

żԦͷ߶ɣҶɫ΢΢һߣɱĲᣬǬٻ˻
ǵʥµʲôˡΪҰ᪻ʹҡ
ɫۣһֱ˯ɣоɢĿϢ¶һ˿ɫʵ
һС֪˭ˣ
ȻǰʣµĲȣȷʵֻСˡ
ߣ˭Ұ᪻ʹңʶ޻أ
ɻǵ۾͸ŨŨɫϵħ緢Ļɽֱ񷣬˿µħӰʡ
ʣٽǰ
ɣͷ׼֮ʣдʵٽ̸ֳˣҶ˵Ĵѩϼ˪
˶𣿡
Ҷ粢ûٽ̸ֳ֣¶һ˿ţеֻޱǿս⡣
糾ұɱ㣬һѩǰܡ
ҰܸҶ磬澡ʧ޵ؿҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
⣬ĲСֻܵڻң
ҶĿƽؿ⣬ƣŤˡ
糾ֻĻˣʥƼϵĵʴӦһ򱾻ʷģضң
Ȼ޲ɱҶ磬ʥƼϵʧòסеɱ⣬˵
ҪߣƾЩ߹ֵסҶֱͦȻɱȻ

Ϊʣ۷Ĵڣɺܵ衣
׼֣ɱҶʱȴͻȻʥƼϵĹЧ
ʲô仹ȵҩ
ѩ׵üëһ۾͸¶̰֮ɫ
Ϊʣ˽ʮ꣬ԪȻ࣬ܵõʥƼϵԽ쾳ﵽǵʥһƬµأٻꡣ
촫ʱҶٻȼսѪͻȻ˻ʹ֮⡣
ߣ
ɣ˱һ׷׳ַſռ䣬Ҷ磬Ҫشܡ
֮ŭ
ɵЯ֮ϮҶϺ˹Χ֮ŭɵˡ
֮ŭĹȴ޷˺ɵ쾳ֺܷǿǿƥĵ⣬˺Ѿ챬ը֮ŭʱҶҸı䷽һ߷ȥ
ʲôҷռ䣬Ҫˣ
ƱҪҶ磬ʥƼϵһ
ಣ
ʮܣԼе˷׷ΧɱҶ磬пܵĿռ䣬м䡣
糾ѷɣ
۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫһֹҶ硣
ӣ˵Ҫ𣿡
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣǿڹĹõɫʯ˳ѸٱڽӲˡ
һ̣һΪ֮ɫĻɫʯͷųɿŭϮʯըվҵҡΡ
գ֮䣬ԲĿռˣֻʹĽƸǱ˺ѵǧٿף㲻ˣȫ֮棬⵽Σ
⣬ʲô
Ļ֮ԶİĲǺɣԼɻ֮ɣ̼ͻᱻը⣬ʬ޴档
ÿµɫʯƻȻʥ黹ҪǲҲҪƤ
ɫʯǬеҶ磬оǬɫʯ£˵ѺۣôѶ˴Ѷ׼ɫʯˣһ
᪻ӡħӡѹأ
Ʋϼأǻ֮죬˫˫˰µƷʥѹΧݿռ䣬ɫʯըͷŵĻ֮ǿƶ
ˣƷʥΣʵõİȴֵסϱ飬ջһѪҵĻ籩С
赣𣡡
ۿ˽ʥӡ˺ƻ籩̤ճǶǰݻĵͼڽ˾У۳ɱǶˡ
䣡
ɱ£˱Ӳ˵˻籩Уƽһء
ǶҪͻΧһλ쾳ȴδ⣬һɱ壬ȫ飬ˤ˻籩ģʹİ֮˺
糾ҲɱĲΪˣ
ܣĸÿһ˶ʮҪһ쾳ܲڻ籩Уе·ڵѪŭ
죬һжҵġǬеҶԵػӦұֻ֤һʼҶ᪻ʹ˼


1402 ȼհɣ
ԼʮɫʯͷŵĻ֮ɢȥˮ鿸ΧԲｨȫ޽쳹ʣһƬǽ塣
ڸոյĹУһ쾳ܣؾܣʮ˾ܲڻ籩С
ɣȻͦ󣬵ȴ˼أ޷۷ʵ
һҪɱҶй޵⣬ıɫʯըͷųĻ֮ը
ɱѪϴ᪻ʹ
ץסصĻᣬҶ뿪Ǭ
໣
ȫȼʥĻ볤Хһ̤գͷſµ˺ۣصľͷߣս
ħӡ򣡡
δܹ˵һħӡѹأһΡħɽ˾ԶҶ磬Ҫѹ
Сģ
ῴҶΣգһֳ־赾ҪԮ
콻ңǶԸˣѪϴ᪻ʹ죬Ҷη޾壬ս߰
˵꣬Ҷʩչ˺ܾδõ˲ȼǧԪǿ֮ٵʵ
գ֮䣬ս޻ʾҶ磬Խ˾ӵؾʵ
ţȼѪںʥѪ飬һʵؾޣʱӵ쾳̤˺ħӡѹĿռ䣬ܿħӡһ
ʲôʲôͨ
оҶʵһ˲䣬ﵽ쾳˺۵ɴ˫ۣ仹ȳͨ
糾Ҫܣʳеܣ
оҶһ׵ıأܵõ벻ĺô
һֽն
Ծ֮ʣҶֳʥڰлһĿ⣬һؿڡ
ħʽ
ȻˣϾ쾳۷ܣǿޱȣҶһֽնĹ켣ֳָƷʥħʽȫӭ
ʥⴥһҶڳڽˣټͭҶӲһδ·硣
һɹɿµĶԳڽͷ˳˺ΧĿռ䡣
ħӡ
û뵽ҶʩչطֵԼĹħӡѹҶ硣
Ѫ
ؼʱ̣Ҷ綯˺Ѫħӡħӡ
һ̣ҶٻԼı֮ľҡҷɫ⣬뻯СɽСħӡײһ𣬵ֵסħӡһ
Ѫ㾹Ȼ
оħӡ½ɫˡ
Ǭ󣡡
ʱһ˰Ǭ֮ɳҶ壬ƿµĽϯ죬أ޷ǿʵ첻òܡ
ħӰ
һʩչеĵһٶͨ˲ûŵٶӰӣٶȣҶ磬Ҫٶѹ

⵽켫ٶȹҶ̤ʮٶȫӭӭḶ́ԼٵݣĹ켣
㾹Ȼ磡
ǰһͨҪ缫ѡ
ͱҲȱˣһҪллҵݴ񣡡
Ҷ˵ģѰе
ȻҶĻĳһ˿עɢ
ǬǬһ
֪Ҷץסת˲ŵĻᣬɽһ˰Ǭ֮ٵػ㼯γһʮɳǿǬ޽ηĽ⣬һն졣

Ǭ޽˲סĵûкˣǿѪ֮۳鼶ͼʩչͨһݻ⣬ſռ֮նǬ޽ϣԵĹӲǬ޽
Ž裬ͨ£
ǬһƣҶ粢Ϊƣ鼶ͼֳ壬һݻŴŴ֮ĹŽ£¸գйĵһУնɫ΢졣
أ
ڽͨ¹£ʩչӲնˣµĴŽնǰħʽϣ֮ӲˣƣһѪ˳˳
һ죬Ҷ粻һ˿ϢĻᣬʤ׷ʹȫѹ
ʥϳʥҲ£ϵع壬ѹסĹơ
Ͼǰʣ̫ˣϵضһǿ󵽲ıҶʩչĹ
ѣ
Ҷ켤ɱʱҶǵʥȫˣһƴشĻ꺣С
Ȼӵ֮Ҷ꾳̫ǿ޷ܵӰ죬ʹӦҲһ˿ٻ
Ǭһ
ץסת˲ŵĻᣬҶһ˰Ǭ֮ٴںһ𣬽ſµĵͳڽݺݵնӰն˵棬ҳһӡ


1403 ư
ʱ£
Ŀ챻Ҷն׹صһĻԡѪɱİֶʱ
£԰˵޷ӰʧΪʷ޷Ĩȥ۵㡣
ħ
ѪΪǱƿҴĵضʩչħ崫ʥȫħ·𱻵ȼһ㣬ҵķ
̫ˣʩչħ׼ʥ޷ѹƲ϶񻯵ˡ
糾ȥɣ
ŭ챩һīӷҶ硣
䣡
ı𣬿µıֱӽҶڵĿռҳ˿ռڶ
£Ҷĸ֪ΣգǬУûбźͷŵıըˡ
죬㻹ǹԹɣƾκβң
ռıը֮ʣҶ뿪ǬŭĿע£̤ƽֳʥǬ
ǶڰмɱʱҶһһöɫľʯ졣
ã
ɫʯɫһ䣬붼û뱾ܵһܡ
֣֮
ȫ֮ʣҶں֮飬ͼݵ£۳һйâĩգޱߵ֮
䣡졣
ĩձըˣµĩ֮壬ƻķ
ģƭң
⵽ĩֹ֮죬ҶոɫʯǼٵģķζըˣƣ̤ħӰƽҶ硣
ʥħ
ŭ죬֮ݵ£ʩչǿʥħ֮һռѺһĽâҶ硣
ȥ
ҶܵʩչʥħƱһѹʱѸӳһɫʯ졣
ոɫʯըйĻ֮º²ѣԿɫʯܵĸеһ˿η塣

칥Ƴһ˿ٻ֮ʣҶͷ鼶ͼ˵֮ͭһڽʥУһһĽâѿռ䣬ηƣ졣
ͷۣ
챻Ҷʩչľʱս߰Ҷ仯ͷռֳ̬رǰڽ趯׳ֱۣ췢
ʲôϵ
쿴Ҷ羹Ȼ仯صطͨݲ˻ɡ
ʣҶ粢ᣬֳƴر͵ĹٴѹĹơ
Ҷ켤սռƣ˸ץס󲿷쾳ܱɫʯ˵ĻᣬϷˮĹƣȡѹԵơ
赣ɱ
һ֮ˮϵݻ۳ɱ˿ѪɣӲһѪ쾳ܺ⣬֮ģ
ǿƻɱһˣȫ׷ɱһ羪֮񣬲ܵ쾳ܡ
ëүүɣ
ս̬ĻޱһڽͭŹףٽС
ȻеʵԶʤޣɫʯ˺̫ʹսӲʯͭŹףѸһܡ
ܵ˲䣬ܺͻƽսһһҳߣж޷ܣֻӲͭŹףԼҶĹ
䣡
ǿʵӲס
δһ˿ϢĻᣬֳ־ͼƾͼ۳֮飬壬Ӳ飬ص׹䵽˵ϡ
ӲԼˣں޵вҾôҪʩչѪܡ
᪻ʹµĴϾе·޷뿪ֻܷһޱʥѹסƣȫǷĹ
᪻ʹеļսңݻŰ᪻ʹٴµĽµļս᪻塣
ܿ죬᪻ʹеľ䣬ͨԼ½ٶʥضС
֪ǰ䶯ķ糾Ȼ˺ư᪻壬ַˡ
ǾǱһϢס
޷󣬶̶ʱ䣬Ҷ羹ȻſȿµֶκͺᵽŨŨΣϢ
һʱ䣬ȫ˻ҵİ᪻ʹע̬ķչ
糾֣糹ˡ


1404 Ϲħʥ
ëɣ
ŲƵ壬ƴʱЯ֮ٴϮ
ֳƷʥѹ˫͵ն䣬µսֱնķնĲ֮նˡ
䣡
֮飬ֱӶеòԱ֮ģ޷һ
Ա֮ĵ˲䣬᲻ɴݵĽֱܳӱסƵ壬֡
ã
ܵĻ֮⼸¶˾֮ɫ׷һܡ
䣡
ܵ˲䣬ڵ֮ıըˣֱӺ˼ܣ˺۵ؾɱһ쾳ըˡ

ص쾳Ҫݲʱȼ˴ʥںһһ
һգ쾳룬ն֮ģնɱ
쾳µˣٳ
ԡѪսɿڵ쾳ܣʮؾܣʮ˾ܲĵ뵽˵͹ȣ
һۣܲնɱҶˣʵۿۣûʱѻָԪ
ߣûôף
ѪԡѪһĲᱩһֳ־ȫ׷ɱոһܵ
᪻ħ
ɿɱѪ쾳ܽͬʱûһħӰ˲еĿռ䣬һ
赣գ
սҲԣӲɵʩչųưһʥİ᪻ħƾ赲ϵر󣬸ſռ䣬Ӳ᪻ħĹ
⵽ɵΧ֮ʣڣޣѪʨɱ˹ֳָԵƷʥ͵Ĺ
ڲѹɵʱҡҷŻйĻľ˱Ѫǣֱ½ħӡҶ£ɫ䣬ص죬ݺݵس˳ȥ
죬ȥԹɣ
о֮ʼˣҶ粻ƣɱ죬ƱҪɱ
Σʱһ˸е־ڰ᪻ʹħɽˡ
һ̣ƮŨŨѪζſ½Ƶİ᪻ʹϿճһڵ֣˾ӭҶ硣
ħ֣֮ħʥ˻ħˡ
ͻȻֵ֣˳һ׷
䣡
ɫӡеǬϣµֱӽǬµķ˵ѺۣǬضҡüʱǬеҶվȡ
ƷʥɫǼƷʥĹ
͸ǬоɫֵĿֲҶᵽŨŨΣϢ⣬뿪ǬϽټ˹
ʱһȫħУʵòӣֳһֻīĴֳˡ
ħʥȻδħʥţĵ̹Ȼ£
ԸӦ£Ҷ緢֣ħеӣһӦħʥ
ħʥҶ绹֪ħɽһħڳ˯Ҽȥˡ
ȫĵڽУ᪻Ļ֮ƣҶ紫
Ҷ紫ĵ£ڽ˾Уž赵Ĺ
ţļƷʥ
о͸֮ħе¶˾Ծ½ż
Ҫ֪ʮǿͿµ壬ʵħ֮ϣǵһε֪
ħʥˣǰҪˣ
ص쿴ҶҪͻΧܣѵ
ܣбʥڣǲѷɡħʥ԰˵ֳħ֣֮ӡҶˡ
һӡ£رµҶͬʱϢˣеĿ
ܣ
Ҷ粢δþ赹᲻ɴݵĽӭȥȼǿӲħֵ֮Ĺ
䣡
ħ֮ӡڽϣ˲ľһ
Ŀܣޱȵļ̣ӲƷʥħֹ֮δħʥ¶˾֮ɫ
赣
ڽܷȼħֹ֮ʱҶƾûɱХŹյĻ
䣡
ɱ£ͨҡĻ˲䲼Ѻۣ¶һ󶴡
ߣ
ɹ᪻廤ƣҶ˴ͽǬУǿﴫ顣
ãٷռ䣡
оҶӿĴѸٷա
ħʥҲʱҶ磬Ҫϴ֮ɱҶ硣
䣡
Ҷڵĵطħʥһ׵Ĵӣ᪻ʹһ²
ɢȥ¶ջ֮ɫΪǷ֣Ҷʱ̣ﴫ͵֮⣬ӳ˰᪻ʹ


1405 䶯
᪻˽ʮܡ
Ϲħʥѡ
糾ӳ˰᪻ʹ
ذϢ쫷һ㣬磬þ뵽޴С
̻Իͣ޽ۼľʹС
Ϣʵ᪻ı糾ɱʮ쾳ܣϹħʥȴϹħʥˣ
ɫۣɢ֮ӷ·ռںһһһܹشƵľʵ۵µ棬üͷšһ𣬵ʵ
Ȼʵڰ֮ϣǿȴ࣬Ҷһڰɱ䣬ܸͬ޴в
ʱ£Ϣʵһɫףľڵϣ˵ۣ쾳ܣǰٽˣȫûȫɥڷ糾С
糾һͺʵôܸ˵˺
۵뵽˼УзɽϮǷҲйϵ
˵Ƿ糾ǵʥ̴ˣ᪻ʧأڵϼ
ǵʥѵ糾Ϲйϵ۵¶һ˿ɫв²
糾ҪΣҾ
۵ҶᵽΣյϢ׼ϧ۲糾һˣΣնɱҡ֮С
Ǭ۵һ뷨׷ɱҶ磬ɳȥ
׷ɱҶ磬Ǭ׻ҶߵĻŨȤܽ룬ûѪǵѪʵһ̨ס
˱ɱҶľģ֪һϢȴ뵽ΪѵľС
糾ʵ̫ˣҺưɱʮܣ罫û֮ء
̾ϢһҶİΣ
糾ưԻþᵽΣյϢͬʱֲڵĴºΣգ˵ͷ˵
ҪҪ糾Ƴ˼һʵ
ն˵Ҳ۷糾Ķ飬һַľٴ룬ǰйء
˵±ǰΪƵüͷһƣԾʵ
ܣȻʵ͵̣ôðʧο߻һǵʥ֣һǵʥϹδܡ
˴糾䣬취ҵھȥϵǰ͵ǣڹؼʱɹѹءһվ
ͬʱҲһϢˡ
Ҳ̫뺷˰ɣǹƥư᪻壬ɱʮܣֱڶ޷ģ
Ŀ࣬һ䣬һڴƣ˷ܵ˵
Ҳû뵽徹ƿôһɿµںڹУʵò̾˵
磬˵᲻ǰں󱳰ħߵĹ˼һ£ʵ
֪᪻ʹ£ҵһʱϵʦʦң֪顣ҡҡͷ
֪顭ôǵʥܣħüͷ΢΢һ壬ɻʵ
岻򵥣ʦ˵͸壡ƽ˵ʦ˵彫ϣǲϧһд۰˼Ҳ
ˣϲӦûڰȥΣ£վ˵
ãߣ
оµľƺɵ뿪ȣԦһݻۣ˰
ڸƶѰҶʱﴫӳ᪻ʹҶ磬ͨ䣬仯òıϢԶ˰᪻ʳǣǬڰһ޴ĺ
ӦðȫˣϹħʥֶͨΣҲҵǣ
뵽ħʥʵҶº²ѣӵǿﴫ󣬾ǬУҲӶˡ
ĵ̹Ȼ̫ˣϹħʥڡ
ȻͻƵǵʥħʥȻе޴ʵС
Ϲħʥ²ǰĵƣ뵽ħɽвϹħѪϢҶһһɣ᪻ħɽлϹħڳ˯
Ϲħ𡭡ǬһδϹħǵĴǷǳΣա
Ϲħǿ޷⶯֣ȻͳɱˣҶһʱ䣬ƽ˾뿪
˵꣬ҶһҺָȼǧԪó˴鵤ҩˣǬпʼһγʱıչء


1406 ᪺
᪺ǣһ֮ĴͳǳأҲǰó״ǡ
Ϊ֮Եʣÿ춼дıͨۿ᪺УȻͨȥ˵᪺ǾһߣǰʮҪһ۽֮ء
᪺ǣڵˣ
ԶԶؿ֮Եռ㣬᪺ǣһۣ΢΢Щӷףòӣ˳Ⱥ߽᪺С
ӣǬһʱ䣬о粨ɢȥת᪺Ҷ硣
Ҷ֮αװ᪺ǣ׼ϴһ°᪻ʹһսģһԼĻع顣
Ҷ᪺̣һ¥ߣ޽籦һ㣬һǿУʮֵַ¥
λӣ֪ʲô
Ż͸ŸҶո߽¥һĸŽοֵۣŮӣһ˵˹ʵ
ʯ֪𣿡ҶС۾ŮӰ͹£ʮӣ٬ʵ
УʯֵȽϸߣÿҪǧƷ꾧
Ҷ۾͸֮ɫŮӲջϵЦݷŨˣ˵
ãһٿŴʯҶƴֵ˵
һٿšŮӵһĵ¶˾ϲ֮ɫʽף¥󽫽ܶ༫Ʒ꾧Խӣã
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷŮȥ
ӣһٿŴʯҪʮڼƷ꾧Ҫô𣿡
Ů΢΢ӣҶ絹һƮ裬ʵ
ڣָıˣҪٿŴʯ֪𣿡
Ůӹ֮䣬¶˻ȣҶ¶ɫԵЦݣ˵
֪Ҫôഫʯкô
ŮҶԼĿ⣬ʵ
ôҵ¸ȤҪңǮҶ¶һ˿ζЦݣתƻ
㣬ҵʱ䣡
ȻҶò͸ĺȴŮӣ˵ĺ촽΢΢һЦ˵
ǧƷ꾧һ£ҶóһǬָƴֵ
һǹӵˣ
ŮӽӹҶǬָһ£һҶգĻŭŵ˵
ˣȥȡҪĴʯҪʱˣ
ҶһŮ΢΢̵ͦƨɣ¶ŻЦߴٵ
ţӵң
ŮӽؿһҶ磬ȥȡʯȥˡ
ȥҡҷԸ֫޳˫ȣҶ۾֮ɫʧ֮ҪŮһ£ǱɫԣҪõԼݡ
ܿ죬ŮӴһ׷Բԣźɫۣɢŵħ˺УȷһҶݣ˽ס
ˣ֪Ʒ쾧Ʒ쾧𣿡˳õٿŴʯҶѯ
˵ЦˣƷ쾧綼ûмţ¥ôУƷ쾧ҵǿͨΪŪһЩÿƷ쾧ļֵܸߣ߷Ҷ缸ۣ˵
ɸһ嵥㿴ܴܲ嵥ϵĶ۸
Ҷóһдõ嵥ݸ˺ߵ
⣬ôصĶ
嵥ƷһĶȫϡ֮лδֵɹ
⣬ҿȸʮڼƷ꾧𣡡Ҷ˵
ã¥ˣ
ʮڼƷ꾧Ŀԥһ£ǽ⡣
Ҿ͵ȹĺϢҶ۾¶ЦݵˣҸ᪺ǣز죬ҶСһʣ֪ɷСһ¡
Ȼû⣡Ҷ߰һߣʹشӦһչ˺ýӣǽ
ǣףŮӵ˵ͷı֤
ǾˣϢ֪ͨɣ
ҶЦһŮӸԸе§˻У뿪¥
ô𣿡
ĿҶȥıӰһͷѩףϲƣ˾Ӻ˳Įʵ
Ŀǰû⣡ߵ˵дӦ̽ʵݡ
ǻҪҪ嵥ϵĶ׷ʵ
һʴ⣬Ƕûзĵ᪺ǿ쾳˭ﵷңЩ԰˵
Ƿ糾αװأ׷˼ʵ
ܡҡҡͷ϶˵ڸǷ糾Ѿŵò¶ˣô᪺ǡ
⵹ǣ׷˵ͷˣ嵥ңȥͨѰҡ
ˣʱҵǼζ𣿡ʵ
񻨣Ѫ֥ûҵ׷
ţͨѰ£ҲǾȽͻػʳǣ⣡ߵ
ã
˵꣬׷΢΢һһ뿪ˡ


1407 
ӣȥתת
ܵ§Ҷ첲ֵŮûΪͨò¶һ˿֮ɫгֺõζ
Ҹطס˵
ҶСۣ¶٬Ц˵
ģ
Ůӵ˵ͷԴҶ첲ϣһߣµĿջסһ泯󺣵ݻͷϢ
ӣȥϴˮһԡ
۵ϸֳ˺εŮ˵

Ҷ΢΢һЦ۾ͻȻĻ֮׵У˲Ůʧ˹ȥ
ԲѵŮӱĴϣҶһǬٻ˳ֱÿʮŴʯ
ǰڸ˵λãٲ󣡡
İҶ٣֤񣡡
Ǭպ˴ʯظ֤
һСģмǲɱ¶ٺݣ´̻Ҷ罻
Ǭ뿪Ҷƿƻ֮⣬ٴα仯òһ뿪˿ջǮھ뺣ߺܽλãһЩƾɵıԺԺв˴
ܿ죬ʮʱȥˡ
ʮУҶ֮⣬ϻûһЩϢŮӻ꺣Уȫ˻в԰Ρ
뿪᪺ǵǬڷֱ᪺Ƕǧ֮⣬Լ֮в󣬳źҹŴ̻ص᪺ǡ
¿Է᪺ˣ
Ҷ糹׷žϹħʥ׷Ҳܴݵ뿪
ڷеϢϢһҹҶ绽ɫޣƤݻ֮УŴΣϷŮӡ
ӣ
ɫޣƻһŮӿһ۴Ҷ磬źķһĻĻһʪһչ¶š
ҳȥ䣡Ҷ翴̬ʮŮӣ˵ͷ˵
ţϴ裡
ŮӺܻĵҶ棬ѵ΢΢Щʪ·ߵԡͰߣʮ˵زŪˮһϴ裬һ߹Ҷ磬ҪԧϷˮ
Ȼʱ˿̵ŮӼջԡͰĳȼеĻ棬ˮȣò̫ԶҶû̫ȤûȤܹϵ
Ҷ޶ԣŮҲϴһӣǬָȡһɾ޳ȹϣǵ§Ҷĸ첲뿪˿ջ
ӣȥ䣿ɫޣɢŵŮʵ
᪺𣿡Ҷʵ
᪺ǰĳǳ֮һӵо󣡡ŮЩ԰˵
ߣȥ䡣
ҶԾһ˿ȤŮǰλڳǶ޽ĺǱһ㣬Ƕžſǵľ
֣ÿ춼ô𣿡
⣬Ҷ緢֮ˮйͨվˡ
ӦϴӣԲŻôǰŮ˵
ԭ
Ҷ˵ͷŮͬ£߽ӵȴʮְľ󣬿һ׷ԲԣߣʩչٿһɫĻ棬һö۴Сĵҩ
ԣһʦϸĽš
Ũҩ㣬ʦƵǵɣŮһηؿŰ׷ߣС
ţһöƷڻ¶Ȳֲ׼ȷǿƳƷҲǲдƷ
Ҷεȵǿ׶Ϥ˲ϱɫĵҩʵ˵
󵨣Ǻˣ
Ҷ̸ۣٹĦʿŭˣǳ
ֻʵʵ˵ѣŲǣҶһ˫˫ŭƽ˵
ȥﲻӭ㣡
һĿ࣬ȫźëֱˮͰһ֣³űըԼĹͷӣݺݵضҶ磬ٲӷ㡣
䣬ǰһ⣬ҶٶȼĿסĺֱӽӷ˳ȥһɧҡ
أ
ɧУǿʦܵ˸ţȼյɫҵĲյ˱
󵨣ڴ
ʦʧܣŭ˾еĸ֣һ˫˫ŭˢˢͶҶ磬ŵߵŮɫɷףɪɪץҶ첲ɿ
ֻڲһ¶ѣ㲻ܸţҲƷ
һ˫˫ŭҶȴû¶һ˿ţƽ˵
ʦ
ŴݲȵҶ磬һϢüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ǰɣҶ絭˵ҽǱƴģġ
ߣϷ㻹Ҿɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ʦջ˵ʲôҽ¡


1408 ٵ
ôҪ֣ҶһЦȰòҪңȻǿ»ڵġ
ôĿΪҾ۸
ʧܵʦŭ޿ֵҶ磬߳ŭ
һȺ֮ܡҶҡҡͷ㣬ҳϣոļޣɹҲֻƳϵ
һɺԣʦʲôҽ¡
ң
ҶЦһѪͰ׹ǽ֯ɱޱͷųʱɱȫ
µǺˣΪҾң
Ҷɢɱ⣬һֱסˣû۵ߵ˵
˵ˣģҵģҶ翴ɫ΢֣˵
ҿҵģ
ʦȻҶɢɱ⣬ȴͷӲͷƤ
ңƾһƷµˣҲҵңԴû°ɡҶЦһм˵
㡭
ҶĻֻʦˡ
ôǾʦʥʦǣ뿪ﲻӭ㡣
ɫѿ˵Ҷɢɱ̫ǿͳֻɱҶˡ
򲻵Ķǲ뿪ģҶҡҡͷִ˵
أ׷û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀջ˵
ɲǣǲͱǿˣҶͻȻԵ˵
䣬ڳͬʱҶߵŮӶҶĿɵˣ֪롣
Ҿŵĵط
ͻȻһŭһɫۣһưɫףﵽ˾ͻȻ֡
ܳϣˡͻȻֵߣʦ˳һ޷죬ҪǿҾ󣬻ܳϳֽס
ˣߵ˵ͷбһΪԼ֪ѪĴۡ
ž
ܳϸո˵껰һİ
Ҷ̤ͻȻǰʩչѣӦֳٻһƳ˳ȥʧصصײԶϣˤ˵ϣѪ߰ߡ
ţҶһŲϣǣֱӽ˹ȥ
ޱȵļž
ոջߣҪѵҶȫɵۣ˾ܳϣҶһƳˣ˽¡
˭Ҫ֣վɣ
Ҷܳϵ͸¶˭İĽ
ʲôǸѶ
ߵȻʵǿҶҶӣֵ˵
㣬㣬㣬ϵǬָң
ҶָŰߣʦˣݿܵ
㣬Ҫţǣ뿪᪺ǣŴʦĲһ£ӲͷƤ
ܻܲ뿪᪺ǣģֻҪ֪ǬָҾͻ㣡
˵ţҶָһĽâ˼Ӳĵ棬˴ʧɫƴʦ
¡¡
ʧʦȻ㿪Ҷ罣ָʯȴδ⣬Ҷһָˣžǰ
𣬽ӣòҪɣ
ʧɫŮӱһĻɵˣһֵʵ
ҾҪҶ˵ͷ˵
ӣ᪺쾳ܣϴŹ㣡ŮӺĵѵ
İɣҼȻȻ᪺Ҷ翴ŮĵУѡҪôȥҪôһֱߡ
ҡ
Ůˣ֪ѡ
գҧһº촽ҶҸ㡣
ΪʲôҶ¶˵Цݵ
Ϊҷ֣Ұ㡣ŮӭҶзСۣЩֵ󵨵˵

ðɣ㲻Ҫȥһȫĵط
Ҷ籾ΪŮӻ˵ѡԼû뵽ȴ󵨵ıףҶԶԣֱӽ͵ǬС
ţúÿ죡
ҶոսŮӴ͵Ǭĸ֪ʮǿϢ׷и󷨽ҲȫˣҶС
ԴˣҶ粢⣬ؿžʧʦ˵ٲǬָ飬µ
˵꣬Ҷ翪ʼϵɱҲԽԽǿ
ңҽҽ
ɽڲûգ뵽Ҷµʵʦķ߽ˣ׷׽ǬָӸҶ硣
ǿҶ絨ϴپ죬᪺ɱҶ磬ǾܶرߵһС
ûµˣ뿪󣡡
ʱһŭıһھһɫۣӵһͷɫͷɢϢؾߣŶʮ᪺֣羪֮ʿǰٵҶΧм䡣


1409 ϲ㣬
ĸ
ź췢ؿһöǻ£Ҷµݣ˵
췢ߵ˵ͷµӲСϴûнϷ򣬽᪺Ƿˡ
˵ˣһûнǷҶЦЦ˵
õϷҪ¸µʵµʵǲ˵ǰ
췢ЦȼǿѪ֮ƶʵڽﵽؾ۷壬µ籼ڵĳˮϯҶ硣
Ըġ
Ҷ͵̤ǰһħѪȼգ˲˳ɫһ㣬µڽﵽǧֱɢѹȶĿϢ
ô
Ҷħ֮͸ѹȸУ췢ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ѹټһ׼ʥȼĳǹգݻŴһǹҶ硣

ݻŴ׼ʥǹҶûмκεȭͷӭȥ
ٻ鼶ͼȭͷлһȭĹ
䣡
Ҷȭͷ׼ʥǹײһ𣬳ڽ鼶ͼˣس׼ʥǹǹųǹݻĴ֮Ӳ׼ʥǹǹѹ״
һɹɳ췢͸ǹֱУֱ۳صо
ôʥޱôӵ˿ֲ
׼ʥǹд췢ɫ΢΢һ䣬ѸٱУѹĳǹڰмٵŴ֯һǿһǹâ˾ɽ㹥Ҷ硣
飬ڣ
Ҷһ˲ں˲ӵ˾۷ʵ
һ̣Ҷת˫ֿٵشӵӡ۳һöö·̺ŲӡطϮǹ溳Ĺ
Ǿˣ
ſռе֮ԴԴҶӿ룬췢Ϊľĸ֡
ķϻ̫ˣ
ʩչӡƵ˺췢ߵĹҶ̤ͻȻʮٶȣ˺˻ҵգߣ֮֯Ϯ塣
ħ֮ǹƣ
췢߽ͼڽ׼ʥǹУһǹ˿ռڶһ㣬ſռ֮ϣ̵֮Ĺ
ã
ͻȻĸеһ˿Ҫܡ
ͭĹٶȸ죬գ֮ǰһ߽â˺ؿһؽۣѪܿƵ
ʲôٰɱ֮У
ʦ췢ˣ𾪵ͬʱ
ˣ
عһ᪺׷ٻԵĵɱҶ磬Ҫ֮شҶ硣
֮¯
Զʮ鼶ͼֳҶ壬ݵ£һ֯·Ļ¯ѹѹһײ˲ĺ췢ߣѹ˾ҡεĵϡ
䣡һ죬ʯ쾪
Ҷʩչ֮¯£ʮֱӻĩ㲻ʮ᪺Ҳ֮¯Ӳѹ˴Ѫˮݵĵʡ
ǿһɱˣʮ᪺Ҷ͵ؿ˴ʧɫʦǵʥγ˿µѣƴشĻ꺣Уֱ꣬ɱ
Ҷһ񣬾ս޻ʾʦ߿Ѫɵ˰ߵˣ׷׺ˣ²ʦ󳾡
ħ䣬ħ֮
̵ҶĿ£췢ʩչ᪻Ĵͨ仯˿µħ֮ħɽ緢ҲԽԽһ򣬶ʵﵽؾޡ
𣿡
ű仯ħ֮ĺ췢ߣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫһǿѹƽ
׮
ں췢ЯħϮʱҶͷݵ鼶ͼ˾Ÿž׮ѹסռ䣬ú췢һֱΡɽѹסĸоѡ
ոѵǸԼǰˣǵֵסŸ׮ѹֱ֮ѹ⽴
׮ôҰĴͨ
žŸ׮ѹ췢˲ͻȻԺиֳһĲ֣鲻ԽǷ糾
ϲˣ
Ҷ΢΢̣¶ħЦݣʥնȥ
һֽն
ͭʥںһ𣬳ڽȫ
Ҷһ̳ɱ顣
µһֽâֱ˺ѿ˿ռ䣬ں췢߾ֵĿע£塣
һ췢߱ܵٻһ׼ʥȼͭŶܽз
Ҷһ̫׼ʥȼͭŹ׸ֵסʥ˺췢ߵؿڡ
أ
췢ߵ屻ͭͳڽ׽飬ֱӱ


1410 ˭
ʲô˵پ󣿡¥󸱸ӴҶĺߵ֪⵽ϴٵϢ¶ŨŨ֮ɫǺô󵨣󶼸
˵˶ˣĿǰûдǺ˾󣡡¥᪺ǵǱ߸ȥܿץϴپˡ
ȥ̽µϢ棡߳˼һ£˵
ףҾºܲѰ˵ϴپˣ᲻ߴʯǸӣ
¥뿪ʱ׷һˣüͷ˵
ܣߵ˵ͷóѶھϵܴ֪ҪϢ𣿡
ţϵϣ
óѶ飬ϵΣ޷ϵŮӣüͷšһᵽ˲ѰϢ
ǸսӾ⣡
ԺͷѸóһ̣¥ƣԷⷢ
߸ոտ¥ƣһͻȻ𣺡ģ¥׼𣿡
Ȼ¥ˣ
Ҷ߶ɫ΢䣬˴⣬ۣմȾѪյҶ¥⡣
ôǲӭ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷ͸ǿ󷨽ƣվڴĺߣЦЦʵ
ģ¥Ȼӭ¾¸ǱĿĶ¥󽫲ӭ£߾ӸµؿҶ磬˵
ðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣҲ̹ЩɣҶЦЦ˵˵ˣҽٵġ
ϴپҲǸΪˣĿؿҶ磬뽫
Ҷ˵ͷ᪺ǵľе㲻ҵθڣû취ֻϴˣϣ¥ղźöҪʧ
ôĿɫ˵ҵҪν
ƾ󷨽ҲңҶЦһںͭһָһ㣬Ӹ󶥴Ľϡ
ǣ
⵽ҶںͭһָٰĽ˲ݺύѺۣ˺ߡ
⣬ôܣôֽܷƱ㣡
߷֣Ҷһָ͵󷨽ƣˣǿҵĲ
Ծ֮ʣҶѸٵһֱָӽ¥󷨽Ƶˣں𾪵Ŀע£ݵ˽
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
û뵽Ҷ˵ı뺷һĲ
һ˭
Ҷ΢΢һЦź߻ֵ̿ӣ
㣬òǷ糾ɣ
磬ưָ֮࣬Ժһ֡
ʵӦװɵģ
Ҷͫһ̤˴ʧɫĺߣһҪϢѶȥˮĹơ
Ǭ󣡡
Ҷһһ˰Ǭ֮壬ٵݻ˽ͼ˲ѹס˺ߵĹƣ塣
Ǭһ
ѹסߵĹҶǬ֮ںһ𣬻һƾ˵Ǭ޽شն˹ȥ
ס֣
оǬһһ鲼ۣﵽؾ߷ŭıһȫԮ
κǬһĹٶ̫죬ԮֻǬ޽˺ٻƣһ룬
СҷǽƤ𣡡
ŵѪеĺʬ壬֪Ҷݵ߷ŭˣޱߵɱħҶ硣
ڣ
Ҷ罫ڣǬٻ˳
ռ֮쾳ܣǷ糾
ƾճֵڣܣƽսߣ׷˴ʧɫµҶݣ׷׷˹ͷѸ뿪
ߣ̫ˣ
ҶЦһ̤ٶȷӵ£ܵĿռ䣬ֳڷĻɱߵˡ
ǿﵽؾ۷壬ֳƷʥڣм̼֮䱻ҧ壬һѪ
ڣȫɱȥѹ¥ıء
ɱʵǿߵˣҶ
˵꣬Ҷߵ˵ƿؽƣ¥ĲرУǬ¥ղϴһա
Ҷϴ¥ػɱ¥еĸʱҶǿоһ쾳ܵϢ֡
᪺쾳ܣͷħ


1411 Ϲħʥ
ôĹ᪺ǵңϴپ󣬻¥󣬱ģң
ŲѪеߵˣȼ𣬷ص¥ħˣ޷Ƶŭµ쵴᪺ǡ
᪻ʹҺƣҪ˵СС᪺ˣҶЦһηվУԵ˵
ʲôư᪻ʹǡ糾
ҶԵƥĻηŭħɴ۾еŭȫȡ
㻹ɵ뵽˭Ҷ̹Ȼĳϵ˵ҽɱˣ᲻ջ𣬺ܷŭء
ಣ
뵽ҶǵʥħԥʩչطͨûһٶȲӰԼٶ᪺ȥ
ʲôˣôˣ
Ǽһﵽʲôˣ
Զڴħ᪺Ǹ֣Ծķ֣ΪħȻսӣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ܵĵ𣿡
Ҷ羪װ𣬽ǵʥĲٻ˳
ǰսپҪˣҶ
İɣܲˣ
ԵĲһٶ۷壬һ⣬ԳԽħٶ׷ɱ

оԼԽԽħĳ˿ֻţϧ۵ȼѪ֮ٻһ׵׼ʥ˲ᣬӻٶȡ
ᾳ
һ׼ʥϮᾳһ׼ʥħ塣
Ȼħ쾳ܣӦٶȼ죬ȴܲᾳĹһ޵о壬˺ơ
׮
Ʋϼأħʩչطͨǿ۾Ÿ׮ѹ˲ᣬҪӻٶȡ
ļʥ磬ʵԽħݵ⹥£һѹص׮ϵ顣
ڲԵʵ׷ɱħ֮ʣҶ˳ǿƿ˳ƣɱĳǸ֣ϴһա
ϴ˳Ҷһһϴ˰᪺᪻ǵĲҵ᪺ǣȻ󲨡
ʲô᪺ǱǷ糾ϴˣħڵȫɱ¥ϴһա
᪺⵽ҶϴʱԶڰ᪻ʳǵһʱ֪Ϣһη֣ŭǻбըˡ
糾ҲɱĲΪˣ
᪺ǰҪó״ǣħǰĸ֣֮Ե꣬һ᪺⵽ϴ٣ħս԰˵޷ʧ
Ҫǣ¥ͨ߼ͣѪ֥ʹʥƼϵзҩҲҶߣҪʧȥǡ
죬侲㣡ѳصɣŭ죬˵Ƿ糾ǵʥҰ˵вֻħʥˣлɱĿܡ
ħʥˡ
ǸСӣͽҰɣȥ
ͻȻһ񣬳ɱѹֵĴ֮УòħʥڴС
лħʥˣ
ͻȻֵħʥɸӶдϲ׷
᪺ǵλøңħʥһ˿˵
ǣ
óһŰͼע᪺ǵλá
ಣ
һڹ֮еħʥʧԾ˵ٶȸ᪺ǡ
ħʥ˳֣Ƿ糾ˣֻǿϧһı
̾Ϣһµħʥ֣ӦҲ̰ͼҶϵܣݣʹ
ɳ̲񡭡
ɱħϴ᪺ǣҶɵ֮УһĹµУ뵽Ǭڡ
᪺̫ˣ
һ´˴εջҶ¶Цݡ
ϴ᪺ǣҶһõʮƷ쾧Ʒ쾧ʥţƷʥƷʥ׼ʥ֮л̺ĵԼӲ⴫󴫳ʥħӰʹ׷֡
ЩҶ統¥嵥ϵı¥Ҳҵ֮һԱҶ˵Ϊؼ
ţǡʥƼϵҩ
Ҷϴ¥ջʱⷢʥƼϵҩ
ҩҲȱٷѪ֥˴ϴУҲûз̥޷ʥƼϵ
죬֪͸ﻹ𣿡
ϴڱָڣǬˣҶ뵽һļƻ
׼ħӰʹ׷ھɢȥҡŰĸĴҡ
֮ҶһϴʥСʵ뿪Ǭڹµ֮С
׼ذʵʩƻʱһĿϢȫĺëֱᵽŨŨΣϢ
һ̣гһһйâĺӰ̤գһ


1412 ֮
Ϲħʥ
֮У̤նħʥҶóһọ̈׼ǿд뿪
ڱʥǰ㻹ܣ
ħʥײУһ˿бĵ֮ǿи˿ռ䣬Ҷ紫뿪Ļᡣ
ǰǬڣ㣬
ռ䱻Ҷٻ֣ٻ˾赣׼ǿкƿռ뿪
ûõģƾӲʥָɽ
˵ţħʥպһƣµĵ˲ۣγһֻħĴ֣°ɱҶˡ
ܣƽսȫ
ħʥĹҶƽܺͻƽսӭȥ᲻ɴݵֵħʥĹ
ӲħʥĹƷʥĻƽսˣȻ𣬵ڵٵš
Ҷˣץסֵʱǿĵ뵽˾Уƾ۳ɱ˱ħʥĿռ䣬Ҫռơ
ħ֣֮
ɱϮɱƷʥħֳָ֮壬һУѹɱϣֱӽɱˡ
̫ǿˣ
֮ħʥħ֮ƵҶĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ܺƱĿռ䣬ǬҲڽӡ
˹֣ȥɣ
Ҷ飬ҪӦ԰취ʱǬָóڤʮһīɫʯͷħʥ
żٷīɫʯͷīɫ֮ͻȻҵĲƾ۳һöܣȫ
䣡
īɫʯͷըˣͷųص˴Ŀռ䣬īɫ֮۵Ĺˣ˱Ŀռ䡣
ߣ
Ҷû˷ѵĻᣬ˴͵ǬУ˴̣˲䴫͵ǧ֮⡣
ܣ
Ҷ紫뿪˲䣬֮飬¶ܵ˵ħʥһʩչһֿµĴطԾ˵ٶ׷ɱܵҶˡ
ٶٿ죬Ҳ޷봫ȣգ֮䣬ʧȥҶټ
㣬ոӳǿʯͷǲڤʮǰģ
͵ǧ֮⣬һïʢɽֵҶ磬뵽ǬУµ˵
ţʱʦָҵıʯ˵Σʱ̿ԾһոǴ˵ʵ̫ǿʯܵˣ˵СԴ˵
ⱣʯǽڽӣҶǵظһСԴ˵
磬̫Σˣ뿪ɣ뵽ħʥʵ²ѡ
ţ׼ȥ֮Ѱ֮еϹҩ԰ʥƼϵҩ𣿡
޷ѰѪ֥ҶֻܽһϣϹҩ԰У콣ٻ˳
ҶѰϹҩ԰λʱĸ֪͸Ǭ֪ħʥϢɫޱ䡣
ѵӡǣ
Ҷû뵽ħʥô׷ˣʵֶθеľԥ뿪ǬϿռ䣬һọ̈صλ᪺Ǻ߹ԺС
ţọ̈͵֮Уһ߿Լеӡǣһ߰յ콣ָڹޱߣĪպͻԵ֮мٴ
Ȼħʥӡǣ
ԷݸӦ£Ҷڽ״ӡǵϢԥ֯һ֮ƣ˽ϵһѪ⣬ʱѪ˳
໣
ܵѪ֮εʳǿ˹ſѪҧҶ磬Ҫ˺ɡ
ͭ꣬𣡡
ȻѪޣߵȼޣҶ˵ȴвԣҶͭ깥£һֻֻǿޱ壬ͷųѪɥ֮С
ǿƻɱʮֻޣҶȼ˽Ѫ£ӳ˱ѪȾĺһ֮Ϲҩ԰
Ҷո뿪Ƭûãٶȼħʥ׷ʧȥӡǣҪ֮ҵҶ粢ס
콣飬ⶼˣǾϹҩ԰жԶ
Ҷ粻֪ƣ֮ζҹʮյĺ뵽֮огһɹ죬Եѯʵ콣顣
Ϲҩ԰ûƶλãӦÿ쵽ˣ콣鸡ֳ콣һΧĻ
ͣ
Ҷֲָĺζ˴ʱ䣬ĸ֪ԤеΣգҵȶգ֮ܵ˰֮⡣
ܵ˲䣬һɴһĿռѺ۳֣źˮ
콣飬ϴҲռѺ𣿡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ûУϴθ⺣׿ռʮֵȶûռѺۣ콣
֪֮е𣿡
ȻҶ粻ƬΪ²ƬŴܣڶ֮Ҳ
콣ҡҡͷҶ֮˽⡣
ˣȥϹҩ԰պл֮̽Ѱڶ֮ذɣҶҡҡͷԺеƬĺдѰ֮еϹҩ԰


1413 ռ֮
ˣϹҩ԰ûƶǰУ
Ҷڵ콣ָ£һ׵ĺУ콣̽һΧĻ
콣飬ҪúεȷܽϹҩ԰Ҷʵ
Ϲҩ԰Χ鲼ƣҪϹҩ԰봩ؽƲС콣Ŭһµ꣬˽崫֮żѵĴռƣ뵽Ϲҩ԰С
˽˽Ϲҩ԰ķҶûٵʱ䣬뵽˺֮Уٵ򺣹ײȥ
໣
оҶϢںײޱˣŭĳХſѪҧôصҶ硣
Ǭ󣡡
Ҷûеʱ䣬һ˰Ǭ֮壬Χγ˽Ľɱĺޣһֻֻĺ޽飬Ⱦ˺ˮ
ҶǬһ·ɱǱʱͷǿѰҶħʥԼодһԼٶȸ˹
ãħʥȻ׷ˣ
Ǳײɿճٻҧؽƣ뵽ƿռҶ磬ͨºһƲл꣬ħʥϢɫʱˣĴߴٵɿճ棬ȫɽơ
ǣˣ
ɿճ罣ݿٵĥںײĿռơ
˴޾Ѫɿճ治ϽɿռƵħʥں֮ʱҧؽơ
콣飬Ϲҩ԰Χмؽƣ
ɿճ֮󣬲ϴԽռƵҶ磬Ϲҩ԰ΧĿռƼ࣬ѯʵ
Ϲҩ԰Ŀռжʮؽƣһƣޱȣ˲ս䴩ƣ콣Ӧ
ϣħʥûзȻ鷳ˣ
Ҷһ߸ɿճ֮ؽƿռдһ
ţôûСӵϢȥˣ
ħʥѪȾĺͷǿûзҶ磬Ҳûзصļã뺣ΪһĿռƣüͷšһ
ѵˣˣ
·ӦΣûв쳣ջħʥ뿪˺ƬѰҶ硣
ɿճ֮󣬴ʮؿռƵҶ磬Ϲҩ԰δ⵽ħʥһĵظɿճ棬һϹҩ԰
ɿճ滨˽һʱ䣬ԽʮؿռʱһĻ㣬ռ䣬ŴĿռס
ĻĽƣɿճ˵ǵĿռơ
ɿճ棬Ϣ£ռƣ
δϢʮؿռƣɿճƣħʥû׷Ҷûк֮ǣһʱ
ɿճһ޾ѪָĵʱҶĸ֪ͻȻΣճ֣ܵĵɿճ֮ǰ
ͣ
ҶǰĿռ䷢ܼ壬ȵĳˮϵع塣
Ҷ忰ȹŵܼռԽٵ
ʲô
ǿסռ乥Ҷͫһڽƿռгһû٣û˫ȣƯڰУǿռӰ
ռ֮飡
ҶԸӦǰӰʱ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫû뵽ؽƿռУȻһռ֮顣
ռ֮ǿռ֮ģӵһǣɲٿؿռ֮
Ȼռ֮ʮѲܲ׽ռ֮飬͸лռ֮ƿصĿռ򣬿ν쳣
Ҷ绯⣬ռ֮ƿռ֮Ҷ磬ҪôҶ磬ɿճɱ
ǰڣ룬ٳң
Ҷ约¿ռ֮ˣװ״ĻԵٻ˳ŲĿռ䣬˿ռ֮еܿռ䣬͵Ĺ
ռ֮ȻǿĪ⣬ȴֵסҶĹƱȫѹơ
׮ѹأ
ڿռ֮һټأҪռ֮ʱҶٻ鼶ͼ۳Ÿ׮ѹأѹ˺۵Ŀռ֮顣
һ̣˿ƸԵʥӲѹס˿ռ֮顣
ľɣ
˺ѹռ֮ʱҶٻ˻ľǧ˿Ƶɫ룬ֱû뵽˿ռ֮Уֱӽ֮С
磬ոѹʲô
Ȼ£ȴһμɲٿؿռ֮Ŀռ֮飬ʵ
ǿռ֮Ŀռ֮飬̺ſռ򣡡Ҷ͵
û뵽ռ仹ڣ۽
ǰڣ룬Һɿճ滤
Ҷ罻һʼԲ͸ľɵĿռ֮飬޾ѪɿճҲĵĥŷ絶ݣʼһĻơ


1414 ĳ棬
ռȻޱȣ
ҶԲ͸ռ֮ʱֿռлҪ£漰˺ܶδ
ڻľɵĿռ֮飬̺ǰؿռȫ壬ټǿʱ͸˿ռһر仯ռ켣
ռ켣Ȼǿȴʮʵãų֪ȡر˿ռ켣
Ҷӣ͸ռڶر仯ռʱɿճ˾ţ֮ҧĻĽơ
ߣǽȥ
һؽƱҧҶûԥ˴ȱڣ뵽һƬľ죬дǿԭʼɭС
Ũ磬ʲôط
һҺ뵽ڣռеŨʮֵľѵһ
ǵֵһܾõϹҩ԰źܶݹϵҩҶ绷һϹҩ԰еĻܵ
Ϲҩ԰۾͸ŨŨľϲ֮ɫû뵽֮лȺõطܲժݣ˵ҽʵǵʥ۷塣
콣飬Ϲҩ԰кգҶʵ
ҩ԰ΣգÿϹҩΧпµػ˾⵽һֻ̬׷ɱһӳ콣
ѵǷѪ֥Ҷһ
ߣϹҩ԰ϣҪķѪ֥̥
˵ţҶ緭˻֮ϣԦƬգľԾθӵԭʼɭƶ
ţǿԣǰ
ҶŻ룬ԭʼɭбʱһʱͻȻǰԶоһǿϢüͷһƣŻ˹ȥ
ʲô
͸һƬïʢĹľԣҶ翴ǰһİɽȣɽݺύһ޴֦֦ϢƣȭͷСԴϸһȦݣβ̵ĺɫֳ档
ĳ棬ôôĻĳ棬ӲѾ𣿡
ǰĺɫֳ棬ϳЩӵ˵
ĳ桭ǿɵĻĳ棡
ҲлĳĽܣĳƻɽ֮ϣɣجμĴڣŷɥ
ɽеʲôȻôĳػ
ɽ飬ŷɥĻĳ棬Ҷ۾Լݣͷǿ͸ɽ֮У̽ɽȵʵ
ݣɽľȻǼݳİݣ
ҶͻȻ˽յ˫¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
Ҳ۰ݵļֵݣԾˡ
ժİݣޣѪʨʵܴ˵лмʥޣԻ˵ǼѵĴ֮
ߣǳȥʥԸĳ棬ժȡİݣ
Ҷڻ֮ϣٻʥ
ݣ
ͭð֮ɫ׳ð˹ʥҶİɽУײһ˵ĿľϢڿľϵĻĳ档
ˡ
ǵϮĻĳ棬Ҷͻ뽫ʥӵ£һֻֻµĻĳճɻҽ
ɽлĳ̫࣬ĳֲߣηֻ֪ɱ¾Ҷͻ˲С鷳
ϳʥףǬ󣡡
ǰеĻ⵽ҶͷϳʥףٻǬȫɱײеĻĳ棬Űݵɽ֮ƶ
࣬ô뵽ģ
ͻȻһŭıһֻ峤ףϳ̣ȶŰɫĻĳУԡ
ʥޣֻĳȻʥޡ
еĻĳҶ¶˳Ծ֮ɫոʱûиоĳĴڡ
ѵⰵг˰ݣ
뵽еĿܣҶٻ˱ϹħʥѵĻƽս񣬱Ʒ˻ĳ
䣡
ƽսĳǿײһʯײ챬վҵĲ
ƽսĳս֮ʣҶŻ룬͵ĹŻĳȺ򰵹н
ڣɱҶŻ˰ȾͷһСƬʮݵشɫߣİݡ
ݵ֮һĺڶһֻ׶೤ĻĳӺڶҶͻ뷢ֲ˻
һֻƷʥ޻ĳĳͻʥ޵ȼڶеĶйءҶ۾һٻ˽ܣ˻ĳս
Ǭգ
ܱǿĹѹĳʱҶǬ󣬸˳ԵݵأݳİֱƵǬС
ɶ࣬㣡
ʧǰ뽣ܼսĻĳ뵽УĹ
κΣܵĹֲּ̫᲻ɴݣȫϾҶ硣
룬ǽǸУʲô
Ҷ翴һ۳ɽŻ룬ڻĳŭУɽС


1415 Һ
ˡ
ҶŻ봳غڶʱڶ뵽궯УϮڳһĻĳ棬ײе˻Ҷͻ룬ҪԴɵ
̣
ӿϮĻĳȺиֳȼʥ̣Ťſռ䣬˻ĳȺ˲ǧֻĳ档
֮ŭ
뷢͹ʱҶʥˮںһ𣬻ŭɱײеĻĳ档
ɽлĳʵ̫ˣֱӶסɽҶ˴˼ѹнٶȲޡ
ǰڣޣǬ
Ϊ˵õĳػıҶ罫ٻ˳͵ĹϮĻĳȺ
ڲ˿Ƹʥ£Ļĳ滯Ϊ˻ҽɽҵĲݺύѺۡ
ڣһ·ɱ¾ɱ˲֪ٻĳ棬źĻĳʬ壬ɽ«εľͷ͸ҰĹâʮ׳֪꣬罣ʯһˮеһεΰɫ̺Һ塣
ԹԣǻҺ
ʯµİɫҺ壬۾ðȵĹâߡ
磬⻯ҺʲôҶ翪ʵ
ҺҺһֶм̲Һ壬ҲΪѼôһݻҺʱԳ˰ꡣ
ָ˲ִмĻѿѪڣ˷ܵ˵
ã⻯Һ͸ˣȡͻƵƷʥޣ
ȻҶһɼµδϹŴܣյԶԶҪ뿹⣬һʵ
ȵȣȲҪ
ʥ޿ƲסҪɻҺʵʱҶͻȻסǣ˻Ұɽͷһ䡣
һ̣ϳʥ£ɿ䣬˹ȥһŭ
࣬㾹Ȼң
һŭĺһֻ׶೤ȫźۼףĶ̣Դϸ紩ɽװ㣬ɢųľ޴ĳϳʥ׵Ĺȶž޴ĳſռ˳
мʥޣǰľͻĳ棬Ҷ¶֮ɫֻĳ棬лĳĻʣĻĳ棬ֻĳġ
ˣ
һϢս߰˵
ҪɱҶãǺѹ
ϴòշɣʵ
׼͸᪻壬ǲ֪᪻˻᲻ϲҶҡҡͷ¶һ˿ζЦݵ
⣡
ֿͣ仯ǿսֳ̬˫֯Żй⣬ĳʷ͵Ĺ
޹֮ʣʥޣҲڵһʱ乥ʵ£ﵽ쾳۷ĻĳʣĹơ
ϹŲͼ
Ϊ˱ĻҺܵҶûг֣ǿϹŲͼ˻أɽϮĿֲ
ĳʱȫԽ쾳ޣǵʥʵԶʤ
ʱƣĳ𽥵ؼأһ̱Ӳ飬Ƭأ¶ɫѪ⣬ʳѪ
ƼأǼߵĻĳƴĻĳҶˡ
ĳĹǿɵԲᣬȴ˺
أĳԽԽأֻʣм֮ܵͷҪ˴
ᾳʥ죬ѹ
ڷӦ죬ڻĳҪĳȺĻʱǷֱƷʥѹڻĳϡ
µĵƷʥбſռ䣬Ӳѹס֮
ڤ
ڻĳȼǿʱԼݣݻֱ֮ӹĳʵ꣬ķ֮
ڣ˵Ŭ£ĳֹͣ˷ֱӻ˹ȥҶ紫͵ǬС
ˣ
ĳʧĻĳʱŭϧ۵ĹҶˡ
ʱҶǬڣͷųĳʵϢŴĻĳ뵽ǬС
ܿ죬ɽеĻĳ뵽ǬҶǬȫѹ
ˣ°ˣ˳ѹ˻ĳʺǧƵĻĳ棬Ҷ¶˵Цݣóݳİݣʥ޵˻Һȡʵ
İϴԼҺһͻƵƷʥޣ
˷ܵ˵Ѹ룬Ѫʨ˻ԣȿֺĽҺ̵˶С
Һ̺Ӵ˴ĻҺʥޱҺͷŵӴһſ塣
Ƕ츳ʥޣѪʮֵĿ£ȫסҺͷŵȫ
ʥ˻ҺҶͭ꣬һҺʯ飬뿪ɽ
˱ɱֻĳ˾Ѫ͸ɿճ棬뿪ĳϢɽȣڹҩ԰ѰϹҩ


1416 ľ
ʱһȥܿһʱȥˡ
һУҶɱ˴ϹޣժݳʮϹҩ
û˽ϹҩǷֱ㣬ᣬںǬǵʵ
ѵҩ԰ҲûʥƼϵҩ
Ѱһ£ûз̥Ѫ֥ľҶĽ
ͻƵʥ磬޷˺ţ޷Կ˵ʥƼϵϵһ
ţƣǿĽƣ
ŷţҶǿͻȻǰɽоһǿĽϢҵȶԼٶȷ˹ȥһɽ֮⡣
ɿճ棬ƽ
оǰĽҶûǿƽǽɿճٻ˳ɽơ
Լһʱ䣬֪ƣɿճ潫ǿĽҧҶѸٽ뵽˽֮УһƬïʢĲݵ룬һ׶ߣ֦Ҷ٣ϲ·εĹľ
ľڹҩ԰ҵľˣ
ǰιľҶдϲһϳľѰңʥƼϵҩ֮һľ
ľʮܳ߰ңǰľ׶ߣݳʮ꣬ҩƳƷҩ
࣬ﲻӦ̤ĵطȥԲɱ㣡
ͻȻһϵľľ׳ϸֳһŲϵףԣвҶ硣
Ūˣɱɱҵ⣬Ҳ⣡Ҷݵ˵ϸһľ֦ҾͷŹ㡣
࣬ŭҶûκεĺôľвɭȻ˵
̸£ˣȻǾͿ˭ɣ
˵ţҶ̤ͻȻƽ׶ߵľһ˰Ǭ֮壬£ľ
Ǭ֮ϮľҡЩͺڣһǬ֮żҵײڰмεĻ𻨡
ϹľȻӲޱȣ
̵ľԺͼӲҶͭڽǬУŽľҪȫѹĹ
Σ
ľ֦ϱǬ֮䣬ŭϵľһһĺɫƿӲĵ棬һΣֱӽҶ棬ܼع塣
ʥ𣡡
⵽ľҶٻʥ壬ľ
ʥ㾹Ȼһʥ𣡡
ʥľĿǣ⵽ʥ𹥻ľʹסҶܵȼľı塣
̵ҶֶΣľˣ׶ߵ岻ϵر仯̬ձ仯һˣƿռȥ
ܣ
Ҷ翴ľܣ̤ʮٶȽ׷ᣬڣǬٻ˳һͬľˣƣܵĻᣬȫɱ
ǵʥǵʲôˣ
оʵľˣ˾ֵĴһȫһѰͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
ͼѹ
ľȫʱҶ罫鼶ͼݵ£ͷһƬ֮뵽˾ͼУƾͼ۳˾ֻצ֮飬ݻŴľˣķɳ˰֮Զ
ľһ˿ϢĻᣬ˿ƸԵʥ׼ʥɱϵغľϣǿӲ飬
΢࣬ҾҲǵóѣ
ֵסҶ˵Ĺƣľ˾ˣҪȼ壬һ
赣ѹ
ؼʱҶٻ˾赣ͷŵĵ⣬ž赵һʮɸߵĹ赣ѹݺݵѹľϣһľ˺飬ɢ꣬ľ֦ɢһء
Ǭգ
赺ɱľˣҶľ֦սǬС
õݳʮľ֦ҶѪ֥̥ܴʥƼϵҩˡ
ʥƼϵҩУѪ֥̥Ϊϡ٣Ｘ޷ûǸƲʥƼϵ
챣ӣϣϹҩ԰зѪ֥̥ȻֻһЩתˡ
Ҷ̾ϢһƬʮĽƿռϢһᣬָĵĻڹҩ԰ѰϹҩ
ܿ죬ֹ˽һʱ䡣
Ҷ粻߲ݵѰϹҩɱǿʱǿԶɽֲһǿĽơ
ɽ֮ǿԶԶ˱ľĽƣ۾һӿٶȷ˹ȥ


1417 ʥˮˮʹ
ɿճ棬ƽ
ǿĽԣҶֽɿճٻ˳ٵǿĽơ
ǰƵ̫ɿճǿɿͣЪҹżѵĽǿĽҧһ󶴡
䣬ƿռôô䣡
뵽ƯŨŨʵĽƿռУҶоռе¶ȼͣĪĲһ¡
ţԵĸ֪ˣ
Ҷ˫ԸӦƬڵĽƿռʱⷢԼݣͷŵȻƣֻ쵽ʮ֮⡣
ռеʲôԶܿƣ
Ҷоռ䲻ѰٻСд
ˮ̶ռһˮ̶
ףҶ͸һľˮ̶ˮ̶룬ʢһһ㣬ͨ徧Ө滨
滨֮ϣ۴СͨɫҫŵĹʵ
ǡˮʹ
ҶԸ֪һɫʵŹʵ̺ǿĻ֮µŹʵ
ˮʹһָߵȼʥ飬񶷻½ȵͼ棬ˮʹڼʮһʮһʮų졣
ˮʹɫˮʹѳ죬ԶԶһʮꡣ
ˮʹֵƷʥҪ󣬷ºмļʿֱʥһ硣
û뵽Ϲҩ԰ųˮʹѵ˵Ϲҩ԰򣡡ͨˮʹҶԼµϹҩ԰
ƽսȥժˮʹ
ҶûäĿĿˮʹƽսȥ̽̽ˮʹΧʵˮʹ֮
ǣ
ƽս񿿽ˮʹˮ̶ʱһǿĺˮ̶ӿ˻ƽս̼佫ƷʥĻƽս񶳽˱񣬶á
ʥˮˮʹػ֮ﾹȻһǿʥˮ
ű˲䶳סĻƽսҶ˫б⣬˾Ҳˮ̶¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
շˮ̶еʥˮʩչ֮ŭܳΪһɱﵡ
֣
Ҷͫһˮ̶Уֵʥˮ鼶ͼںһ𣬻һֻ֣Ľˮ̶ʥˮ
꣡
ֻʥˮ˲䣬һɿµĺ͸У˲佫ֶˡ
ţˮ̶ð˴ĺٵضˮ̶ˮʹԼˮʻ֮뵽̶ס
ʥڻ
ˮʹ뵽̶ףˮ̶ᣬҶٻ˷ʥȼ˶ˮ̶
ʥ㾹Ȼʥ𣡡
оʥϢˮ̶ײʥˮ˷ŭͷǿĺʥķա
κηʥ¶̫ߣˮ̶ϵڻһ޴ı
Ǭ󣬸ƣ
ҶһٻǬ󣬼ٵĻƿʥڻıߣ̶ȥ
޼
߲ϱƿҶٵؿ̶׵ʥˮͷųǿĺҶ磬ҪӲ
ڷʥ£ʥˮͷŵ޼ϱƣ޷Ҷ壬˺
ǿ̶ףҶˮʹԣϱ仯Ÿ̬̺Ӵʥˮ
ݣ
δҶ緢ػˮʹ֪µʥˮͻȻѣƮʥˮ弫ٵѹѹ£һöޱȵ׶̣ԳԽٵٶȣɱҶ硣
ʥˮһٶȼ죬쵽ĿϾ޷Ӧ£ҶȴǰԤгʥˮĹ켣ֳʥӭȥ
ˣ
ʥ뻯׶̵ʥˮײһ𣬼ķ֮Ӳ̶׿ռ˺˵Ѻۡ
ͭ꣬ڣ
ħѪȼգ
ʥˮҶ粻Ҵ⣬Ӳʥˮ˲䣬ͭڽʥУȼħѪһʥˮ
ʥϳʥף
ʥˮ˵˲䣬Ҷʥ͵ĹʥˮȫĹơ
ǰȫѹ
ʥˮʥʱҶֽᣬڵٻ˳֮ѹʥˮ
ˮ̶УʥˮȻԳҶ˳ˮĹмܲסͷŵĺȫƣµʥˮ屻һδκ䱬
գֿԽԽʥˮ˽ʥ֮ѹˡ
ľɣ
ʥˮѹ˲䣬Ҷٻ˻ľɫ룬ƽʥˮУٵɡ
ܿ죬ޱʥˮľȫɵС
ˮʹգ
ľ壬ҶǬ֮СĽޱˮʹƵǬУƳ˱̹ǵˮ̶ƬƿռѰϹҩ


1418 عŹ
ƳʥƼϵٷݳһʮˮʹӦÿڶʱͻƵǵʥ硣
뵽ˮʹǿĹЧҶʥƼϵӵڴ
ʲô
Ҷӣ͸ѰϹҩʱǰһϰ߲͸Ųɣµ
棬ѹһ·ͨڣΧһйһɶ೤ĹŹס
һֱ֪̽ԴعŹס
ŹףôһŹף
ǰ·ɺڶһĹŹףҶ¶֮ɫûäĿĿԼ
Źеʲôô̲һɿµа
һδݣҶ¶֮ɫһָоŹеĶͷųԻΣԼ
Ҳʥˮ֪Ź׵ܣ
˼һᣬҶԶļ¸оĹŹףԵ͸ľУǿжʥˮѻꡣ
ѻʱʥˮƴκѲľѹֻܱҶһ֪еܡ
ҩ԰зѪ֥̥
ȻҶûʥˮл֪Źܣȴʥˮл֪˹ҩ԰мĹҩλãоҪķѪ֥̥
ҪҪðսŹƵǬأ
Ҷ翴ŹߣѹĹŹףԥҪҪߡ
ȻŹ״߷պܴ󣬵оŹг˷գ»ĪĻԵô̫ϧ
ԥðսŹ״ߡ
Ǭգ
ҶһǬٻ˳ǬϵرͷųǿĴŽɺͺɫŹ״͵ǬС
ˣ
⵽ǬѹɫŹ׵ĹҡҷǬͷŵ
һʱ޷ֱӽɫŹǬУҶı˲ԣһ˰Ǭ֮˹ŹΧһﷶΧĵ棬սǬС
ɹˣ
ɹɫŹսǬҶ糤һ¶˵Цݡ
һ̣ϵЦݽӲˣоŹ׽ǬʱͻȻ궯ǿа֮ѹĹɣԥ뵽ǬС
ϴŹѹʲôô͸˿ֲа
޵ɴ۾ž궯ͷųаɵĺɫŹףëȻĸо
Ҳ֪Ҷüͷšһɫص˵ѹŹףǧҪùŹеĶ
ã
˺ԥƸԵʥ׼ʥѹ˺ɫŹףҪŹ׷ӡ
ɫŹаֲ̫ʧȥ˴֮ԼǬѹס
ľѹ
ͼѹʧܣҶ罫֮ľٻ˳ľǿѹɫŹס
ľ޷ѹҶֻܽ
ѹںɫŹϣľӳй⣬ϵر壬ǿѹɫŹס
ɫŹаֲ̫Իľ޷ѹ
ۿɫŹ˵ѹѹµĹɣľǵؽѪ˳û뵽˺ɫŹС
һ̣궯ĺɫŹװа֮Ҳʧ
ԹԣţƵѪ޳һϴѪǺģ
֪Ҷҡҡͷ
ѪŽΣȥ֮ԨѰ֮յͷ
ˣѾ֪Ѫ֥̥䣬ҪժﲢףǷѪ֥ǿ£Ǳһʵв׽Ļᣡ
Ҷ²⣬׷ɱҩ԰Ļ˾ǷѪ֥ҪշѶȲС
ϴٸһʱ䣬һͻƵƷʥ޵ȼ޴һ
ãǾͻƣʵһǺ׽Ѫ֥
˵꣬Ҷ뿪Ǭһ鱻ڵĿռ䣬ûٷмֵɿճҧ뿪Ѫ֥ڵĻɽڷȥ
ˮʥˮڣ
Ϊӵ̺͹ֶΣҶѰҷѪ֥;УľŬʥˮˮںһγȫµʥˮ
ԼʱҶһðŹ˵Ļɽڣʥˮ䣬ѰҵķѪ֥ڻɽ֮С
סĵļҶûϢһ߿ˮʥˮںϣһߵȴʥʵ
ڣҶȴ˽һʱ䣬ޣѪʨݺͻҺ˫˫ͻ˵ȼﵽƷʥޡ
ȻûͻƵϼʥޣʵҲ췭ظı仯ӵǵʥʵ
Ϲҩ԰򣬻ޣѪʨͻƵȼδ췣
ʱ򲶻Ѫ֥ˣ
ʥʵǣҶûٵʱ䣬ٻۻס壬һԾ뵽ð¶ȼߣڻһĻɽУѰѪ֥


1419 Ѫ֥
ȣɽе¶̫ˣ
Ծ¶ȼߣŤſռĻɽУҶ翰ȹŵ壬оƤۣѡ
ڽۺ͹Ƥ״ﵽƷʥȼǵķҶס˻ɽȵĻϮ˹ҽĻɽ֮УͣһյͨĻɽϣԸɽѰҶҪķѪ֥

Լ˰ʱ䣬Ҷ۾һһҽУоʮǿԡ
ϳʥףƣ
ҶһϳʥƳ壬ǿƻ˺ȵĿռ䣬ҽϣһ޴ȱڣ¶һͨɫչ߷ɻ˵ľ֥
Ѫ֥ҵˣ
ǰķѪ֥Ҷ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫһ˹ȥ
ণ
оҶ翿Ѫ֥˼˻ɫķѪ֥ͻȻ뿪˹̵ҽһֻĻˣ֯һƬȵĻ𺣣Ҷ硣
Ѫȼգ飬ʥѪںϣ
⵽Ѫ֥ûĻ˹Ҷ˲佫ʵ۷壬ٻһ˰Ǭ֮ںͭӭȥ
ͣ
Ҷ£һǬ֮˻𺣣˻ˡ
ۿǬ֮лˣĻٵȶ޴ĳ޾Ļ쫷磬ӲһǬ֮Ʒ˳ȥ
ţֻͻȻڰлһٻӰٶȾ˵ĹҶ磬Ҷ̤ȫܡ
䣡
Ҷܵ˲䣬Ļɽ⵽˻һʱһ׵Ĵ󶴣ɽ
ǿѪ֥Ȼ˿£ûĻˣӵǵʥ۷ʵ
ʶ˵ĹҶ粻ɵõһȵĻɽоôѸɽڷȥ
ণ
һʧܣ˼Ҷ緢˵ٶȲϷſռ䣬Ҷ磬ƱؽôҶɱ
Ի˹Ҷ粻ٻˣ⾪ŵѪ֥ӵҽҪ͸ˡ
ǬǬһ
޿ɱܣҶǬ֮һγǬ޽֯ǿĵ⣬ݺݵն˼ϮĻϡ
˵ʵֲ̫ѿȿռǬ޽޷ֺðȵĻֵס˹
赣
ӲӲǬ޽˲δٶȣҶ緢ΣҶٻ赣ܷ˻ӰĹ
أ
ܻ˹Ҷֻһɳ͸赴ֱУѹǧصײ̵ĻɽϣһѪ˳˳
Ѫȼգ
˵ʵ̫£ҶʵǶ֣ƣȫȼ˽Ѫɽڷȥ
κΣ˵ʵٶȶ֮ϣڻȫ£Ҷ𽥼ء
ҶƷʥս£Źͱ˻ˡ
ܣٳ
ס˳ϷĹҶϽٻ˳᲻ɴݵֵ͵Ĺ
ڣڽڻ£Ҷڷɳ˻ɽ档
ণ
չ߷ɣŷ˵˽ܵ׷ɱ棬˺۵Ҷ緢
ϹŲͼ
ǧؾ󣡡
˷ɳ˻ɽҶܹͬʱٻϹŲͼס˻ɽڣٻǧ漫Ʒ죬ռ䣬С
ǰ룬ڡٳ
˻˵·Ҷϵؽеİٻһ𹥻˻ˡ
ŲͻɢĿϢǼߵĻ¶֮ɫͻȻҶ磬Ҫ˺ǧؾӽɽС
ܣ
ڱһͼֳ壬ٻƷʥ죬ҵҡΣγ˿µĽ֮գϯ棬ƻı塣
ڻ˼ٻγɻǿ˺ƽ֮ʱҶ磬ƾͼᾳϮȫĹ
ս̬
ޣ룬ѪʨҲ仯ǿսֳ̬ǿʥ͵Ĺϵ˺ƻ˵ķı塣
赣ƣ
ڻ˵ĹƱҶ˺ʱҶٻ˾赣֮žһ۳ݻŴ⾳ľɱϵغ˻ϣӲ˻ˣ¶˷Ѫ֥塣
赣ѹ
ڰеķѪ֥Ҷ粻ģ˺ƾ赲ϱҪȫѹѪ֥
ǧһ֮ʣѪ֥ӳ޾Ѫ⣬ھѹǰһٵѪӰ׼ȷǧؾĴһ䴩ģԶȥ


1420 Թ
׷
Ҷû뵽Ѫ֥˵ĸߣôʱͷǧؾλãһƿܣ׷
κΣѪ֥ٶ̫죬ʱ䣬Ѫ֥ûӰˣҶеŬ֮
ʧˡ
ʧķѪ֥Ҷε̾Ϣһź˵
βʧܣպҪٲѪ֥ϼѣѪ֥Ҷ̫Ҫ۸ĴۣҪ䲶
ˣȲܷѪ֥ˣȥժ̥ɣҶҡҡͷϣժ̥ʱҪźá
ԼҶŻ룬ڹҩ԰һںϡ
ʥˮ䣬̥ںײһֻǿػ
ߣǽȥ
ҶŻ룬ֱԾ˼ž羵һںԼٶںײȥѰ̥
˻˻˻
ҶŻӽʱǿ֪ǧʮ׳ͨ쵣жǵĹŤӴ˺źˮͻ뷢
룬սپȫˣ
Ȼǹ࣬£мʥ޻˵вԡ
ˣ
ſѪڣϵ³ȵʥ𣬽һֻֻĶǹճ˻ҽһſ̵˶Уɾ
ʮϮɱĶǹȺǿɱˣˮ¶ҲʥĹϵߡ
˳ǱǧĺףԼں֮Ѱ̥䡣
ţѨ
ҶԸӦһᣬһںеĶѨڶѨڣظоƵŻɱ˹ȥ
ɿճ棬ˣ
ؼõĶڣҶٻɿճ棬ٵɶѨڵĽơ
ĳѪɿճͻƵıԵɿ˰ʱ䣬ͽڽһ˸ߵȱڡ
໣
ҶҪԽȱʱһŭĺ
һֻɢŴĿ⣬ͷ­֫һ޳˶ѨڣҶͻ
֣Ʒʥ޽Թ꣡
ⶴѨӴޣҶϳǹżмصһѾĺ֣ŵѪĽԹ꣬ˣǿ¡
ͼҹ
ųڽȱڴĽԹ꣬Ҷٻͼݵ£ƾͼ۳֮飬ĺ˽Թ꣬Ҫˣ뵽ѨС
Թ̫£Ծ֮飬ԹǣӲֵס֮
ʱɿճҧĽȱڿٵϣ·ӡס˶ѨڣҶ޷ǿƽ档
ýƻĽԹ꣡
ϵڽƣҶüͷɿճǿɽƣ⵽Թ⡣
룬Ѫʨޣһ
Ҷʥ޸Լϥڽ⣬ԼٵݶڽƣѰŽƱ㡣
ˣ
Լ£Ҷ꺣гݺύƣЩǰڽƵĽṹ
ҹݣҶͻȻ۾ٻаֵȫ㡣
ã
˷׷׿ƸԵʥ׼ʥһſŻƿռǣȫݵı㡣
䣡
ıںܼϵƽĺһ޴Ρ
˳ϵع£ԽƱΪģ˵Ѻۡ
ŽѺԽԽ࣬ӡѨĽˣĺˮӿ˶ѨС
ǣ
ͻȻĺڶѨӿ˲ӿĺˮ
һ̣Ӵ󣬺СɽһĽԹ˴ĺڶѨ˳Ҷ˴΢࣬ʲô
Թ꣬ʵңҾͲɱ㣡
оǰֻԹʵڻ֮£ԶԶ޺ͽѪʨҶշͷ
շֻԹ꣬ĵ̽ӵǿֻҪϹŵʥȫʵ
ܣǲ᳼κ˵ġ
Թ귢ײеޱߵҶˣҶ˴ս
ᾳƣ
ԴԴƷʥᾳעᾳǿĹϵӳ𾵹⣬ŽԹӴ
ṥ֮ʣҶʹȫҪƽԹķشѹ
ûõģƾƲҵķ
Ҷ磬͵ĹԹ겻ܣ᲻ɴݵĽȫֵס˿ը
ǿķԹķôôǿ
Ҷ翴֮޷ƿԹķԾԹ꾪˵ķ
ס͵ĹƣԹӴſռ䣬Ŵƣһ޴ݣҶ˷Ǵ˼в


1421 걮̥
䣡
ԹҶ˲ٿصʥ׼ʥײһ𣬱޾Ŀ¹âǧؾˣϯ
֣ƣ
ϯѸӡһƣ⻯һֻʵʵĵ֣һ˾ˡ
һ̣ȼǿѪֳ֮Ʒʥȫն˼ٻһĽԹϣķĹ
໣
Թ꼤ҶԳʱޣѪʨҲ׷ȼǿѪ֮ޣֳָԵʥȫԹӴ˻ȥ
赣ѹ
ȽԹ귢ڶֹҶƾ赲ϵر󣬻Ρߴžʯڣݺݵѹ˽ԹӴϣӲѹ˺ס
໣
⵽ѹԹˣȫҷڣҵ
ǰڣǬһ֮
Ҷ羳̫ͣƾѹԹΪѣڲˡ
Ҷ紫Ѹߣһǿĵͼڽ˾Уǿž赵ѹȫѹԹ꣬Ļᡣ
ѪӰ
ץסԹ걻ѹĻᣬ۳˿µѪӰʥһ𹥻˽Թ꣬еԴơ
걮أ
ѲѹԹ궯ĵƣһŨŨ·̲ʯֳ塣

Թ⿪걮ķӡʱһëȻĹ޾ɳʯҶˣڵѪ˼鷳

оڵѪǧ깥ϵʧҶϽǴͻǬ飬޾ͷŵ
û˲˹赵ѹ½˺۵ĽԹɹ
걮ɱһ飡
Թ겻ϧ˱ɫľѪڽ걮У걮ͷſµ飬ûҶ磬⣬Ѫ
ԣ̻꣡
ҶͬʱٻһĿԣռڶһ㣬顣
⣬ʲô
оϵؼ٣걮ֱ½Թͭ͸¶֮ɫ
΢࣬ȥɣ
ȻҶ羳粻ߣԹоԼвһ׼걮ϧһдۻɱ
䣡
걮ըˣͷųص˴׿ռ䣬Ҷ緢һ
ˣ
о걮ը˲䣬ҶϢʧˣԹ¶һ˿֮ɫԥȥػ̥Լٶҷĺȥ
ɶˣ
걮ը̫£һǬķҶǬвҳȥֻɽԹˡ
Լʮҵ걮ըˣҶѸ뿪Ǭ硣
ˣ˾˰ɣ
ҩ԰̫أԹݣҪҵ졣
֮£Ҷշͷɿճƿ˶ڽƣ뵽˽Թµĺ׶ѨڶѨͷһ׶ߣͨɫһĹľĿͨ徧ӨĹʵ
̥Ŀ̥
ǰĿžӨ͸ĹʵҶĻŭţõĿֻ̥ҪѪ֥ʹʥƼϵȫҩˡ
ɳɳɳ
ҶٻǬ׼ֵ̥ܷʱ׶ߣͨ徧ӨĹҵҡӳһ̹⣬Ҷ硣
һ̣˰̥ͻȻˣҪܡ
赣ѹ
Ҷϵ̥ܣʱٻ˾赣֮ƾ赲ϵرͷųǿѹ֮ѹ̥ϡ
̥Ȼǿȴס赵ѹѹԭأá
̥գ
ҶһͭĻ꺣Ŀ̥£սĸзӡ
ľɣ
̥Ҷٻ˻ľ̺侫Ե̥
̥Ȼǿ󣬵ȴԶԶľľȫеԡ
Լʱ䣬ϰ̥ήˣ̺Աľȫɡ
̥ľǿ󣬼Ž
ڵõ̥ǸȥѰҷѪ֥أ
Ҷջѹصľ赣ɳ˺棬ڹҩ԰зɳۣѰʥƼϵһζҩѪ֥
ʱһȥ
ܿʱȥˣˮʥˮںһγ޼ʥˮ
ҶУʥˮ䣬ժ˰ֵ޷ݳ
УһݳͷѪΪмֱǵʥ֮
ҩѵһĴҶ˵Ϊá
УδַѪ֥òѰҡ
أƿ˹ҩ԰дĿռƣⷢһɸߣïʢʮռĹľ


1422 ͩľ
ͩľͩľ
ǰһ㣬ûƶ˵Ĺľ˹ľϢ
֧ذĹľϹŷϲϢͩľ̺ǿĻ
Ϲҩ԰ȻͩľҲҿѰҵķѪ֥пܲͩľУ
뵽еĿܣҶ۾Լٵݣͷųǿɸߵͩľ֮죬ѰŷѪ֥
Ѫ֥ͩľ֮ϣ
Ե̺ʽ£Ҷͩľۣ֪˷Ѫ֥Ϣ
ûΪٲ׽ʧܣԺҪ׽Ѫ֥ϼѣҪúòһȡһʧ
һҶصǬУҵ˲ˣֲѪ֥ķ
֣ȷ˲Ѫ֥ļƻҶյʱ䣬һǧؾ󣬸ıĵλãԭĴһС塣
һ׼Ҷ뿪ǬתɻϢ̤ɸߵͩľϷȥͩľ޴ϵķѪ֥
ǧؾ󣬽գ
Ѫ֥Ҷ̤ͻȻƽǧ漫ƷҲʱɳ壬Ѹڰǧؾ󣬽ռ䣬Ѫ֥С
ţϹŲͼҲʱֳ壬ǧؾġ
ণ
ͻȻ֣ƿռҶ磬ʮķѪ֥˴̶ٴλûһֻĻˣȶȼźɫĳҶ緢ҵع
ҳ
Ϯ֮ʣҶٻ˲ᣬˣһ𷢶ӭȥ
һɹɿµĵأޱߵʥ·ⷽ磬ײһ
䡭
˺ʾҶ˷ĹҶײֲֵϯ춯صıըԲ֮ڣ
ŹԽԽͣռг˵Ѻۣͩľִ֦
Ѫ֥ûĻǿȴֵסҶ磬Ϸ͹ơ
ټʥʵ췭ظı仯Ƹӵ͡
أ˵ĹƱҶȫѹסıҲԽԽ
ƼأͻȻˣзȥҪ˺󷨽ƣ
ΣҶܵ׼ϹŲͼǧؾģʹûһʱ޷˺ǧؾ뿪
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ȫϹŲͼʱὫԹһʥԾת£֯ɴ·߶ɽӴ֮ƣޱߵعŻˣƣӴ˵Ѻۡ
ণ
ԽԽأ˳ХһѺ۵ٵػſռ֮ϹŲͼ͵һǿ˺ϹŲͼǧؾġ
ǧؾͱҶıˣȫһмģ⵽ǧؾ󷨷ɣ˻
ͼɣ
ץסᣬˣҶ磬ڣǬһͼעǿĵ⣬ͼޣϵرֱӽ˺ۣʧصĻ˾ͼռС
ণ
⵽ͼɣƴعͼҪ˺ƾͼռ뿪
ϧ͹һ˺ѾͼռʱҶ缰ʱͼսǬС
ڳɹˣ
ɹѪ֥ǬУҶ糤һ
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оѪ֥Ϣʧ֮ͩľͻȻҡҷһµĻϵغǧؾϣϵرһ졣
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ͩľ̫⵽Ĺǧؾ˵ѺۣʱҶ罫սǬٻǧؾȶɵ˰С
䣡
ǧؾʧͩľҶ緢ʮھһҡĻϯصĻ֮Ҷ磬һ˲صܡ
ľ
ܿͩľĹҶٻ˻ľӭͩľ
ȻͩľȣľһСݰϸľǿľ֮һŻ֮
ľҡҷɫڣ֯ĻйͩľͷųĻɫײһ𣬼ҵĶԳⲢδ·硣
ǰͩľڵʱ̫Զ̺̫Ӵ󣬻ľҪȫҲʮֵѡ
ҳ
Ҷһֽᡢڵٻ˳ǿƸԵʥ׼ʥͩľѹסĹ
˹£ƬƬ֦ͩΪ˷ɻңͩľֵĿռǳ˴ݡ
Ҷ͹ĻᣬҡҷɫڵĻľϵرƽͩľҪɫ룬̺
赣
ʱҶٻ˾赣֮۳ݻŴ·ռѺ۰ľɱ޵е˺ͩľͷųĻɫ⣬صغͩľ˺ϱܱľ޴ϣӲ䴩һ󶴡
ľɣ
ץסᣬҶƻľƽУɫ룬ͩľУ̺
⵽ľɣͩľˣƴص
κλľǿι޷ľ
оľסͩľҶһ˻صǬС


1423 ˾Ѫ
ড
صǬҶ緢ַѪ֥ûĻ˺˾ͼռ䣬Ǭ˷ŭ˻
Ǭ֮ѹ
ҶһǬ£ɽ˻ˣѹ壬
Ѫ֥ûĻȻǿޱȣǬӵǿ⵽Ǭ֮ѹͷŵĻ֮ϱѹơ
ѹˣҶһ
䣡
Ҷ˷׷׿ƸԵʥ׼ʥ˻ˡ
ܿ죬ҩ֮Ѫ֥Ҷ˺ѹá
Ѫ֥ͨ黯ΣϽѪ֥ңպңҾһǣռ
Ҷ翴žʵǿĻˣ˰֮ģյ
ড
Ѫ֥Ҷ緢˷ŭ˻ȼŻĳҵȶԸ
ԣ̻꣡
Ҷ粢Ĵ֮ˣѪ֥ԸԵǿɷѪ֥ʶ
ӣʶ⵽ɵķѪ֥ˣҶдźţԸʶһ顣
ϣ㲻Ҫƭңұ֤ʶ㣡Ҷؾ
ţٻͭ꣬ڷѪ֥ʹİУһȭͷСͨѪɫ̺ǿԺѪ֮Ѫ֥
Ѫ֥㣬кô
˳õһСѪ֥Ҷóһƿ˲СķѪ֥䰲ǬŨĵط޸ˡ
ɹʥƼϵҩҶ粢δż׼Ȼľͩľʵս޻۷֮ʥƼϵһʥ֮
ʱһȥ
ҶһǰڵõʮصĴʥǳľѨе飬һĵȴľͩľ
ǳľϱҶλѨУɱٶȿʼӿ죬ҶԼٶš
һǳľҶóһ̵˶Уɱٶȡ
ڣǬһʱ䣬ǳľɹ徳죬ͷ
ͩľֲ̺̫ˣٶȣûһأľ޷ͩľ
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Ҷ粢żǬмǰڸոմϹҩ԰ժãݳҩת䣬徳죬Ϊͻһǵʥ׼
ҶǬʱᡢڵ˽뿪ǬϹҩ԰ѰϹҩͻԵ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ڻľ£ɸߵͩľϵؿήʧȥԭеƬ׳֦ɢͩľ¶ѻ˺ľɽ
ͩľȫԺľ췭ظı仯ӵĴ׳͸ߴҲøӵïʢ
Ҫǣľ˺嫵Ļ֮ȫԽƷʥﵽƷʥޣҶĵ̡
Ҷ羭һʱݳϹҩٴʱ䣬徳쾳硣
ǿȴﵽ׼ʥޣڽھħѪƾѹؾܣԿ쾳ܡ
ţʲô
ҶӦľ仯ʱڿͩľиоһǿѪ֮һ뿪Ǭ档
ǡ˾Ѫ
Ҷ罻֯ǿĽ֮⣬ƿͩľήƤ뵽ͩľʱһμСɢŵľѪ
ԷӦϲķ֣ξѪȻһֻ˵ľѪֵ޷
ѵ˵ͩľˣзڴϢҶη˾Ѫת̶ϣ˵
ľѹ˾Ѫ
Ҷһƻľѹη˾Ѫ
⵽ľѹһֻ޴ķӰֳ쳤Хľѹ
ͩľľǿޱȣ˾ѪиֳķӰֵסľѹ
أӰԽԽձľ飬ķ˾ѪҲѹˡ
ѹ˷˾ѪҶûûľϾɱͩľ˲صǬУ˷ӡˮ̵ʯԡ
˾Ѫڣ
ʯҶ罫ľѹķ˾Ѫٻ˳ˮµļη˾ѪڽС
һ̣ˮ΢ӳ޾ĺ⣬ӳռ䣬ڵ˾Ѫһ㻽ѡ
̶һп컯ˣ
з·һֻˮ̣Ҷ½ӡʯС
ܷη˾ѪԡֻܿˮԼ컯


1424 һǵʥ
ʱʥƼϵˣ
Ҷľںʱʵõ˼ֱӴﵽս޻ʼޣ״̬Ǵﵽѣһ׼׼ʥƼϵ
ȸĵȼеˣ
ȻҶӵƼƷʥ¯ȴ޷ƿأֻܽŵȸʥƼϵ
ϣȸƳʥƼϵ
Ҷ򵥵ϢһᣬȡһʥƼϵģһĵҩԣϤƵķ
͸ҩҩԣҶմ򣬽һͶ뵽ȸУͷŷʥڻ޳ʣᴿ
ʥƼϵʥģƷʲݳķѪ֥̥ľᴿѶȸҶ绨˽ʱ䣬νȫᴿ

˳ᴿҶûͣЪϴһӵĵƣ̵ȸУһεξҺɵҩΡ
Ҷ罫֮ڽˮ壬޷ֱ֮ʥƼϵƷʣټʥƼϵѶȼʱ˲С鷳ս
ã
Ҷ粻֪ƣ˽һʱʱʱһ΢СĴ󣬵·ʥ΢Ĳ
Ȼ˿ᣬĵȴȶ¯յʧˡ
ʥƼϵѶȹȻܴ󣡡
ȸ˱ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףһҶ̾Ϣһ¶ۺź֮ɫ
бҪ̶ڵ֮ٻӳɵˣ
ҶϢָ˰ʱ䣬ָĵʯԣ͸ʯӦһںϷ˾Ѫԡˮ˾ѪںϣҲ˸յļ󣬳׷ѹ֮ջص壬׼ʥƼϵ
˵һʧܵľ飬ڶҶܵ׼һڻˮԱʱ֮衣
ϣοɹȻֻܵҵߵĵ¯ܼˣ
һ׼Ҷó˵ڶʥƼϵģ׼ڶ
ᴿҶ˵ûκεѶȣʥƼϵѵģԼ̻ƵĹ̡
ֻнʥƼϵƵʥȼɹʱ̻ǻʧܡ
ȷƳʥƼϵ᲻ֲĵ٣ٻػΧʱ׼

Ҷȸһڷʥ𣬰˳򣬽һҩӽȸУͨĿػ𣬶һֵǵҩᴿ
ڶᴿҶᴿٶ˲٣ʮʱ䣬޳ҩʣһεξҺȸС

ҶûͣЪ˫ֿٵط֮飬һѵĵƣϵҺУҺΡ
֮鸨ҶٶȴƷҲõ˼
Ȼһ˳ҶȴûеģȫͶ룬֪ƣʥƼϵʱʱֵܳĵ١
أȼŷʥȸУһŵҩΣҩ͸ȸ˳
ʥƼϵΣҶ罫еĻˮȫ£ָص
ɵ
ڣҶ϶ʮʱƳһƣﵽƷʥޣͨɫʥƼϵ
ʥƼϵɹҶԤϵĵȴûг֣ɵһ
ɹˣڳɹˣ
Ҷ͵һĹ̵ȸʥƼϵֱӳ忪ȸǣɵ˰Уӳ⡣
գ
Ҷһ۳ɵ֣ʥƼϵյС
ǿҩս޻ͻƾ缫޵ʥ
ʥƼϵҩɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ҷ¶Цݣս˴ƿУٵػָĵ
һҶָ״̬ѣʥƼϵ̵˶Уתɻ
ʥƼϵҶڻͷųҩֵҰݺύľҴܣǱһǵʥ硣
Ҷ罫徳죬弸׼ʥޣʥƼϵͷŵİҩ幹κε˺ľȫѹˡ
ţ֣ڹҩ԰гʥ磬Ȼû췣ѵ˵Ŀռ䳬˶½ͬ򣿡
Ҷ罫ɻתٶ۷壬ȫʥƼϵʱ壬һǵʥʱⷢ췣ûг֡
û췣ϴҶһǵʥѶ
ӣʥƼϵϵʱͻһ˺žƿ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
УҶ췭ظı仯ǿѪ֮ʢڵĻҲת˵ȼߵĵͼ֮Ӿ
һǵʥͻƣ
оƿԽԽɣҶưһ˲Ѻ۵ƿͻƵһǵʥ硣


1425 ¯Ŀ
ͻˣͻƵһǵʥˣ
ͻƵ˲䣬Ҷ˽յ˫¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
û뵽ͻһǵʥ˵˳ɣûκεս
ڵʵ͵̣Ӧܻɱͨ쾳ڴ˰ɣ
оʵʮҶȲҪһս
ţǬռʧˣ
Ҷı仯ʱĸоǬؿռʧˣһ뵽ǬؿռС
ʱ٣
뵽Ǭؿռ䣬Ҷȷ֣ռҲ˵Ǭؿռ°빦ٶǳ˵
ʱ٣ҶоǬķһȼƷʥƿķ
ǡƷ쾧Ʒ쾧
ҶͷǿǬڶռʱƮŵȼĸߵ⣬вƷƷ쾧Լϡٵ
Щ⣬δǬռ䷢ħԼƷ쾧Щź
ЩƷ쾧ԼƷ쾧ҿԺ޹˼ɵĶýܹˣ
Ҷһ£ǬؿռƷ쾧ﵽǧţƷ쾧Ҳš
Щ쾧繺ܽһˡ
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¯ҶʮҪܿ¯¯ʥƼϵɵļʡ
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Ҷһٻ¯ҧָ¯еһξѪ
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裡
һʯĺ¯д¯Ϭ¯иֳҶ˻
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СɽС۾˸֮⣬ǷϬ꣬ҶᵽΣյϢǬѹ
裡
⵽ǬѹϬͷųǿеֿӴ֮ſµشƣҶ硣
ľ
ϬĹҶ粻Ҵ⣬ϵٻľҡҷɫڣƷʥǿϬײһ𣬱챬
һľӲˣϬȴûмɽѹǬ֮ضŻľҶ硣
ôлľ
ϬͻȻԣʵ
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Ҷû뵽¯Ϭһڵľ֣һ˵
λ˵Ķӣ
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ˡҸףϬĻҶˣʵܸңҸ׵ʲôˣ
λ˵Ķӣȥ֮ԨԻĶ֪˭Ϭ۾˵ҵֻ꣬Ҽһ棬ȣ±סл꣬Ϊ¯顣
ܸң֮Ԩ𣿡Ҷʵγ档
֮ԨֻһܣǾλйء֮ԨҵĹأΪγ棬δȷǰ޷㡣Ϭ
ðɣҪ¯ɷңҶ翴¯Ϭ
⡭ԣ
Ϭ걾ܾ뵽ҶλĺˣͷӦ
ˣ¯ʮŵҩˣ
˵ţʮŽӲӣ۴СƲһʥ¯з˳䵽ҶС
ǿҩʲôȼʥ
ʮʥ̺İҩҶ羪ȵʵ
ƷʥʥԼ˿ŻʥϬ˵ʵһŻʥͻƵǵʥ磬ʥмõʥֱͻƵ֮
ʥǻʥÿֻܷһţڶŽЧ
л
֪ʮŵҩļֵҶĴϲӡС
ˣȥ˯ˣʱٻңϬ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷžٵϢ״̬
ԼʱҶ罫״̬ѣϬ꣬óһʥƼϵҩͶ뵽¯УϬ£ʥƼϵ
¯Ҷǰڲ²һǼƷʥȻҶʵ޷ǿȴԶԶǿȸ
ټϬĸҶֻʱ䣬ͽʥƼϵеҩᴿʼҩ
ţ¯ȻʥƼϵĵҩΣ
Ĺ̲˳ĳ棬ҶԤϣû뵽¯˵ǿ󣬾ȻһҩƳŵҩΡ
Լʮʱʱ䣬Ϭ긨£¯¶ȳɱ˳ʥƼϵҶϲ
ʥƼϵպãҶϢ˴ʱ䣬ʥƼϵ
ܿ죬¹ȥˡ
УҶûһʧܣȫƳ¯ʥƼϵ
ټ¯ҩһƳʮ˿ʥƼϵ
ǰһſżֵ޷ʥƼϵҶһεĸоı޴ϲ


1426 ˮ
찡ʮ˿ʥƼϵҲΰɣ
ʥƼϵļֵҶʮӵʮ˿ʥƼϵҶһɿֲвĵλ
ˣҪҪ¯һ£
Ϭ¯Ưʥ𣬵̲Ҷ磬ƺʵ
Ҫ¯Ҵ壿
ҶϬ˼ʵ
ҸоڲŴҩܽЩҩ۷úεȵҩҩԣӰҩϬ˵ͷ¯ӵǿӵд̻ʹ׼
ûϵʹܣ
Ҷ־ǿ󣬲־ʹ
ǺãȻҪһ£Ǿͽɣ
Ϭ¯ҶԾ¯Уȼ¯𣬽¯ֱӴҶڲĴҩҩ
⵽¯ȻҶ翰׼ʥ岻ϱѣѪۡ
ȼգ¶ȼߵĻ͸ѿƤϵ壬һʱ̻ᱻڻĸоʹ
ȻʹͣҶ缸Чȴʮֵԣҩ¯ڻ˾ͥѨУɱ䡣
Сӣ㻹ܼ𣿡
Ϭ¯Ҷһʱǿ
û£һܼ֣
ҶػӦһתת䣬¯һߴһ߳Բ
ʹļ尾УҶ˽һʱ䣬ڵҩȫͥѨеɱһ룬ϵ

¯һ飬־ܵҶ粢δ뿪¯óһĴ̵ֱ˶У¯ȵٵ졣
û뵽ӵ־˵Ŀ£Ѫ˲ͬĻ˵ĺ𣿡
ϬһֱעеҶ磬мӵͬʱϵز²ݡ
ֹ˴Լһʱ䣬¯Ȼ£Ҷȫ˴ɹɱͥѨе飬徳Բ硣
ڽԲˣ
ƤҶ糤һʹ
ȻʹͣЧȴʮԡ
ԲҶﵽ˶ڶǧ׼ʥﵽƷʥȼһƷʥ޻Ҫǿ
Ϭ꣬ҳȥɣ
ҶһϬ¯ǣصǬؿռУ֮ٵ޸ơ
ţǻˣ
ҶʱоŻˣֱӴ͵ǬؿռС
Сô
ӴȼʥĻ룬Ϭ¯и˳ͭۿʵ
Ϭϴ󣡡
ڰеϬ꣬һ¶˼֮ɫ
ôʶ
鼤ĻϬ꣬ҶԾʵ
ţϬϴһ˵Լޣӳ죬Ϭϴ󹦲ûûϬݣ˳
Сǡ
Ϭ֪ǿ󣬲ʵѪԳѪæʵ
ϬϴС˰㻹鼤˵
СˣҵСˣ
֪ݣϬĴϲ
Ϭϴأô飿Ϭ꣬ʵ
һѾϬ̾ϢһΪڻ˲ֵˣ˵ʵ̫£Ҳбٵ壬һˣͻҷˡ
ô˵ҸпûС˵㼤ʵ
ţʵͨ죬ǲôģϬ
ɰɣ
˽ϬݣҶ׷ģһ˷ӡˮ̵ʯԡ
ʯеˮϵ·ȫ飬¶覣覴õ޳壬һֻķӰʱи֡
ʱˮ˾Ѫںϣ׶Σԡ
˾ѪȻǿ󣡡
оˮ̵ָԶʤǱȫп
ʥƼϵڣ
ˮںϷ˾ѪѪﵽ۷壬ﵽս޻ʼʱҶѿʯóһʥƼϵڽˮУͻơ
Լʱ䣬ˮһߵںϷ˾ѪʥƼϵһٳ˾ƿﵽһǵʥ
ϲ㺮̣ﵽһǵʥ磡
Ż˫͸ŻȻ֮ˮ̣Ҷ¶˵Цݣ˵


1427 ʵ
磬ллΪһУ
Ȼˮ̿Ƴ˯ʶȴѵģҶΪһУ
ֻҪһаãеһжֵõġ
Ҷ翴壬ϸļںڳɢ˫磬ӺħŮĻϵɷĲɵü
磬طûб˰ɣ
ˮ̺ӻ߳ʯؿҶʵ
ûУҶҡҡͷ
䣬ˮ̳ӣ˽Ҷ绳ţ⻬赹סĲӣ촽
ڻǣҶһʧˡ
Ƭ֮ߵĶĽһˮ̷ŤϸҶ磬ԣ԰εɡ

ড
ҶӵѪˮӵзѪǶںһʱѪҲںϣټ̲ʱһһе㣬УŶ˵壬ǳ׵ʧ
ʱ䣬ǵطľ۷塣
ֱȡûŵɵӵߡ
һǵʥھ磡
˯ʱҶ˯ķ֣ˮ˫֮ľ羹Ȼõ˼ﵽһǵʥھ硣
ôʵδ뵽ģˮӣĸоЩԡ
ʱһȥ
ʵҶ翪ʼɨϹҩ԰ҩ԰еϹҩȫƵǬС
ͨˮ̲˫ޣǶ˵ʵϵ
ܿ죬ֹһʱ䡣
һУʥƼϵͻƵһǵʥ硣
ᣬڵϹҩ԰ҵ˲ٻԵʵõ˼׷˾缫ޡ
ɿճ˴ʥ޾Ѫˮɵͻ˾żޣﵽһʥ޵ȼӵ˸ǿɿ
ҶһУʵû̫ľȴռڶؾ磬˿ռ塣
ǰڣǵʵڶ½Ѿˣа취ٽһͻƾǿ»ٿֲ췣޷ɹǽҷ𣬲֪Ըð𣿡
Ҷҵ缫޵Ĳڣʵ
Ը⣡
ᣬ۾һԥ˵
⻯ʥʥƼϵ͸ǣͻƾ磬Ǿ뿪
ڹҩ԰˳ʱ䣬ҶоϹħʥӦ뿪ˣ׼뿪ǰ½֮Ԩ⿪Լ֮ա
лл
ӹżֵɹʥ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ״̬ѣŽŵҩ£ȫߵȼľ硣
㣬̶Ҫǵʥ𣿡
뵽ĵ̣Ҷ˼֮󣬾ðռʵ
룡
ˮͬ
ʥƼϵͻʥǣǣӦÿɼƾǵʥ硣
˵ţҶֱˮÿһʥƼϵͻʥžͻơ
ŮʱҶûз»ʥǽˮʹ˳׼ˮʹǿԣǵʥ磬Ӧӿֲв
Ҷǵʥʱ˴飬ָԵķѪ֥ͻȻɵˮߣûΧ衣
Ѫ֥Ҫ̶
Ѫ֥˾٣ҶµѪ֥Ӧñˮ̷Ѫʵ
ţ֪𣿡
Ѫ֥ûĻ˵˵ͷԵ
ԣպ͸̶߰ɣ
뵽Ѫ֥ʵˮ̣˺ˮ̵˽ָ
ˮʹ
Ѫ֥͸ˮ֮Ҷ罫ˮʹԼһʥƼϵ̵˶Уתɻٵˮʹԣǵʥ硣
ˮ˫޵ЩӣҶʵõ˼ﵽһǵʥ۷壬ʥƼϵˮʹڵĵﵽͣڵĵϵǿʵٵ
ʮһǿʥƼϵͻʥڳɹͻ缫ޣﵽǵʥ磬˸ǿ
ͻƾûãʵҲʵķԾǵʥͻƵǵʥ硣
ণ
һ̶ڷѪ֥£ˮǰҶ硢㣬ͻ˾ƿﵽ˶ǵʥ硣
ܿ죬ȫʥǿѪ֮ҲõͻƵǵʥ
ʱҶ磬ȫͻ˾硣
Ҷ̫ͻҪ̫ӴһˮʹͻƵǵʥ硣
һˮʹͻƵıԵַ˵ڶˮʹˮʹǿԣǵʥ硣
ڣиŬ£ڶˮʹȫһٳ˾ƿﵽ˶ǵʥ硣
ͻƵ˲䣬ҶоʵʵķԾ
ʱҶоٲõƵ£ȫʵս쾳۷ܣʥѪ飬ȫлɱ쾳ܡ
ͻˣʱ뿪ˣ
Ҷ繮һ¾磬뿪ǬԦżƷʥ޼޵Ļ룬Ϲҩ԰ڱȥ뿪˹ҩ԰ص֮С


1428 ֲ췣
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ҶŻ뿪Ϲҩ԰֮Ͽ˹ƣ˷㼯˽͸ĺˮҶ硣
췣Ȼˣ
췣ϢҶ粻ɵ¶֮ɫо췣ͬСɣŻ룬Լٶ򺣹Ϸӣ׼һտĵطɽ١
š췣ѵˡ
֮ĳһֱδ뿪ϹħʥͻȻ˽յ˫һʧˡ
ڿϳˣ
Ϲħʥǿȫȥʱ˼ٷɳ۵Ҷͻ룬бŨŨƱĺˮȫǡ
ϹħʥȻû뿪һֱ֮еȴ
ҶͻѰҶɽʱҶǿ֪ϹħʥϢɫʱˡ
뵽µ췣Ҷһ뵽һðղĴ󵨼ƻŻ룬Լٶ֮Ϸӡ
Сӣߣ
Եٶȱƽ˼ٷɳ۵Ҷͻ룬Ϲħʥӡһƣµâ˺ѿغˮ˽һﺣҪҶͻץ

ϹħʥӡĴӡϮҶֳʥȫӭµĽ⻯һնһеĵ޼᲻ݵնſռĴӡϣǿһƵ
¡¡
ҲĺˮıʥԳҶʩչľˡ
ץסĻᣬӳǧԶϵؽӽŲӿ˵ĺƽ档
¡¡
ҶϢԽԽҷĽ˾춯صµǧԶŵúе羪֮ƴȥ
ţǵʥôܣ̶ʱ䣬ôͻƵǵʥ磬Ƭ򣬵õʲôԵ
ԵٶҶ֮ľ룬Ϲħʥˣ޷ţҶô̵ʱڣ˾ͻ˾硣
ϾŴܣ
뵽ϹħʥеɱӵǿңϵؼӿٶȣƱҪҶɱõϵľ֮ء
׷֣
ҶͻԽԽϹħʥħһֻ׷֣ԳԽٵٶȣҶͻ롣
ռ壡
׷ϮҶʩչռ򣬲ϵռ䣬ٿؿռֵ֮׷ֵĹ
κϹħʥʵֲ̫ҶĿռֵס׷ֲϵض
ǰڣٳ
ۿƲĴ׷ֺҶϣʱᣬٻ˳Ƕ֮Ӳ׷ֵĹ
䣡
ĵı
Ҷ缯ϲ˺ͻ֮Ӳ˴׷֣ƵϹħʥʩչĴɱС
ǵʥǵʥǵ׷ʲôԵ
оڵʵϹħʥӵ𾪡
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ڳ֣нƵ̵ĳˮɱĵѹӾҷĽϮ£ѹ˴Ŀռ䣬Ҷˡ
췣
׷ɱҶ˵ϹħʥӷĽҲᵽΣյϢҶϵϧȫ׷ɱҪ췣ǰɱҶˡ
κҶԼĹżƷʥϵƽĹӻʱ䣬˼ѹ
ŽԽԽ죬ƽҶо췣Ҫ£ͻȻܣ봫͵ǬУӦٵĻޣѪʨ㣬ˮȫٻ˳
оʥޣˮ̵Ϣµ췣ٴеĿ·Ҫݻ磬һ顣
ǧؾ󣬽
ϹħʥڽᵽŨŨвҪ׷ɱҶˣ㵽ɽ֮ʱҶٻǧؾֱӽϹħʥУ뿪Ļᡣ
ħ֣֮ƣ
ǧؾסϹħʥвزϵٻƷʥħ֣֮ǧؾҪǿ˺뿪
䣡
ǧؾ⵽ħֹ֮˵Ѻۣȴûбħֺ֮䴩
ϹħʥʱҶٻͬΪƷʥ¯ſµѹͻ֮ǧؾĻᡣ
Ϲħʥһ췣ϴɣ
¯ȫѹϹħʥʱɱ֮췣ɵµӣŴĿռ䣬Ҷˡ
Ϲħʥʵǿɽµ췣ϴ񣬿ֲ췣в
¡¡
췣˲ǧؾҶˣƻǵ壬ԲĺˮҲһ̣ȫˡ
·ĩһ㣬ա


1429 ˶
Ǹҵţǡ
ϹħʥǿҶͬʱ췣ֲ̫ԣǿϱƣòǿͻΧ뿪
õˣǾ;һɣ
ߵߵȼҶ籩һһնѵصĹ⽣ǿл췣ϹħʥͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
ģˣ
ϹħʥҶ粻췣ִ⹥ԼĻðɣҧ췣ƼƷʥħֹ֮Ҷ磬Ҫɱ
ܣ
ħֵ֮Ĺֲ̫ƷʥֵסҶ粻Ӳӣٻ˽ܣ᲻ɴݵ壬Ӳħ֮֡
䣡
Ӳħ֮һܱ˳ȥڵٵġ
ľ
ǿƵֵħֹ֮ʱҶٻ˱֮ľҡҷŻ֮⣬췣߹Ϲħʥ
ȻϹħʥӻľᵽΣϢ⵽췣ϴжܵ˼ƣ޷ľֻܿħִ֣֮ټӭ
Ž裬ͨ£
ľħ֮ײһ𣬼޾ơ
ʱҶȼħѪڽֱӿԽڽǿ췣ϴֳʥϹħʥն̺֮ļһ
飡
վδϹħʥ¶֮ɫ鼶ͼֳ壬ƴشӲֵסҶն¸һ
һ֮Ҷſµ췣ϴ񣬼ϹħʥȫͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
ҶϹħʥսʱᣬڶˣԵʵ˺źǵ췣ðձƽϹħʥֳָԵʥĹ

᪻ħ
𽥼أϹħʥʩչ˴ɱУ˲û˰˵Ӱ춯صƻŰ˷ݻηĵ⣬Ҷ˷Ĺ
ܣ
ؼʱ̣ҶٴοƽܵǰֵϹħʥʩչİ᪻ħ
ڣҲԵʵƷʥֵס˰᪻ħ
ħ֣֮أ
᪻ħҶ˵ֵϹħʥϵش߶ħ֣֮ӡһµĴӡͷŻصѹҶˡ
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ħֵ֮Ĺ̫£ҶʵҲӲϻϬ꣬¯ȫ
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Ծ
һ췣ʩչԹͨ߶Ŵ⾳ϯصĹĻϹħʥ塣
ʵϹħʥһ磬⵽ʩչԾϹħʥƲϵؼأֻܷȫ
򣡡
ϹħʥȫĹʱ˺۵ҲʩչյǿһУݵµĵ⻯һϮµ췣Ϲħʥϣ˺ķ塣
ڶ죡
ƲϼأϹħʥ鼶ͼݵ£һֿµĺڶһУϵؽҶ˵Ĺû
ۿϹħʥĺڶ⵽췣ҶɣҶٻ˾赣һ
ͻƵǵʥ磬Ҷƾ赹ڳĵ鼶ͼڽʱһ߰
ɱһеϹħʥĺڶϣµ֮˺ڶϷϹħʥ壬İˣѪ磬񱩵췣ûˡ
ϹħʥԵʵ˺û췣ʱҶƻľݺݵسϣֱӽ˳ȥ⵽ؿڸݽؿڡ
𣬱ʥձʥٱ
𽥼أ⵽ǿ췣ϴϹħʥ֪ƴɱȥԼɱҶˣҲòʩչ˼ƣǿͻΧܡ
ľΣ
ϹħʥҪܣ췣ƤҶ磬ƣƻľɫ룬ҪϹħʥ
ϹħʥϾħʥʵԶҶˣȻľγɸΣȼǿѪ֮ʩչ˼ѪݣҶ˵ķߣ췣ըԼٶԶȥ
ϹħʥȻնɱ
Ϲħʥ֮زز⵽췣ϴƲϼصҶ׷ϣֻ֮ززٻ¯Ѹ˳ž޴ѹˮ̣ԣһͬ췣ϴĴ


1430 췣
ҲҪȫʵչֳֻҪЭһɹ췣ϴ񣡡
Ȼ췣̺µ֮Ҷ˵̲ʵǳԽ̫ͬ࣬ټǿıﻤ壬Эͼ֯һγһƬ⺣ȫֿס췣ϴ
֮ϴ£Ҷ˵⣬Ե򣬸ǲϵؼ
Լʱ£֮췣ʧˡ
Яֵס֮ϴҶ˲ᣬȫɱϹħʥҶ磬ڡˣƸӵأദ¶ɭ׵Ĺͷڵĵԡ
Ѫָ
ڵڶ췣ǰҶóһϹҩ԰ժãݳ꣬ӵǿָѪʥڻҺֱڽ˺ʥУƻָٶȣĵĵ
ʲô
˿Ѫָ֭ʱҷĽг˴Ӱһɹɿµɱ֮ڽ˳ϯҰҶᵽŨŨΣϢ
췣Ȼֲ췣
ŽԽԽΣҶµԼٵģֲӵǵ췣
ҲҪģץˣֻн״̬ѣпܶɹ췣
ҶѵѪ֭Һȫڽ˵УǻָȫӭӼµ췣
ɱɱɱ
ͻȻһֲɱ쳹ʡ
˵ĵڶ췣췣ޱߵɱ֮Ҷˡ
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ֳֵ䲻췣ҶϵȼѪͼݵ£ֳʥͺʥӭȥ빥µ췣սһ
䣡
Ҷʩչȫֳ˫ʥɱһ췣ʱʱ췣Χһµ췣֮ϵع壬ķž޴Ŀ顣
Ծ
ῴһȵҶ类췣Χ֮ᾳԵ췣Ҷѹ
㣬̶ڣʥޣǲҪֿ󷨶Կ췣ǧҪ췣ɢ͡
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췣ƣ
ˮ̣󹥻ʱҶ罫ӵ£ڽֱѹһ췣
ʵӵĿ£ʩչԾһУϵؽʣ췣飬ɾĵڽ壬ŶԵ
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Ҷ粻ͣϮɱʱеһ˿ƣϽһ˰Ǭ֮ٻ˳ںͭ꣬Χγ˿µĽŲϻûֵ췣
ߣɱУһٽ췣𣡡
Ҷ췣սһʱʱо췣֮Ȼʢʱ䣬пܶɹ췣
ȷϹħʥ᲻⼸ʱ䣬ָƾðճУ췣ϴ
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ᣬˮ̵ûκεԥظҶ磬ž춯صĹϵغһ췣˺˾ҷĽƣ嵽档
䣡
Ҷ˳ƣֱ˽ƽһ֮˲佫ûˡ
췣ڻƽǷĹ
󣡡
ԳϢ췣ϮҶûѸһش֮Կƽһظ߹һصϴԼ췣
ֱӵ췣ϴ£Ҷ˵Ʋϵؼأڵĵȴ֮ϴԽԽ⣬ԽԽǿ
һ𹥻ƽԴͷһƵ췣
Ҷ˵ƽϴʱҲڼݣһδεݣҶ緢˻ƽ𺣵֮Դٻ˻ľ֮ȫ
䣡
Ҷ˲ϧʩչʥ˺֮ϵعƽԴͷŽ֮˴ңǳ˸ѹ
ȴûмƣƤ˺۵Ҷ
ڣ˳ϵŬ֮ԴͷǺ䴩ˡ
䣡
һ̣ƽ𺣱ըˣ췣Ҳ׷飬µֱӽԲʮĿռ飬Ҷ˷Ҳһ
Ҽס
ԻصıըҶ˽ҧأƣݵ£ʩչȫķ
Ƿ֮ʣĵűըڽǵ壬ǶԵ
ԼʮҶɵͼˣֱӱؾӰ䣬׹䵽˲ӿһ׶߾˵֮С


1431 ӵ
Ҷðɣ
Ҷƣ˼صˮ̵˴͵ǬУĵʵ
û£ĺˣ
ɫ԰ûһ˿ѪɫأմѪˮ̣ǿڵ˵
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Ϊ˱⵽ϹħʥأҶŻ룬ãã֮һܴȦ໨ʱ䣬ŷص硣
ϴȥģ
ʶҶǱϵõôĻȫϿ˵Ҳÿ
ȥʥȣ
ȻʵǣϹħʥȴڣҶ绹Ǹо̲㣬Ϊǿ̣׼ʥȵʥ
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һԴ꺣ͼʥȷȥ
ʱʥȣֵϲ£ﲻıʥȣףʥͻƵ쾳硣

ַǷһϲϢʥвϳִźǰףء
ϲϲͻ쾳ʥ򣬽ӵǿǼҲܸմ⣡
ǰԺҵȶԻհ
װһµĴУº󣬶ɫۣͷΰĻꪹص
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ƺʮĽĿעӵĸоɫ¶ŵЦݡ
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һȺ˴ӵ£ħŻЦݵ˽
˵һų쾳ܣǺģϾһУ쾳ܵ١
ʥȲͬһţꪸ缫ټʥʦðòӣħء
ħ룡
ꪲд󣬻վԽħ˴Уϡ
ħãмʥȣףء
һʱ䣬ꪵĵõ˼㣬ϹЦݣﺮš

ʱ򣬾Ȼʥڴϲӣ
Խʮʥ⣬ﲻǰףصıͣҶ¶˿˿Цݡ
ϴҪҪɱȥ
ɫۣĿ࣬һĻ뿪ʵ
ҪһϲҶҡҡͷߣǽףء
λǷˣ
ŴƤߵҶΰûεĻ룬һʥȵסǣʵ
ĽǰףصġͦΣ׿ȺҶ絭˵ǿԽȥ𣿡
ԣλ룡
뵽ʥȸƼ˸ڹϵңʥȵûлɣҶַ߽ǷϲʥС
ţԣ
߽ʥȣҶ緢ֹڱʩչĿػź
Ҷûפ㣬Ż˳ȺΪ⡣
ͼ
Ҷ׼ʱһüͷһ塣
˼ʱһ߰
ɫۣͷڣȲͼͬʥȡ
ͼӵȺԾÿһͨϹŹ°֮ɫͼ߽С
߰ɣҲȥ
Ҷ΢΢һȺ˳ͼ֮ȥ
վסǺˣ
İҶͻ룬ۼֿʥȸסǣƵʵ
Ǻ˲ҪҪǣҲףصģҶ米˫֣Ŀ׶ʥȸ֣˵
ֺ£ǾͿ뿪ˣʥȸ
УҴ̫ˣҪ͸УҶҡҡͷ˵
š
ʥȸüͷ΢΢һ壬໥һۡ
ĺóļֵܸߣ׼ȥʥȸִһ£˵
ðɡҶ̾ϢһǬóһھ޴ͭӣ˵ҵĺҽӵġ


1432 ɱħ
ģҿĲͷˣڽң
ʥȸֿҶеͭӣɫ䣬׷׳ֹҶ磬Ҫס

Ƕ˽ĿĻ̤һһŲ˺ĽݣγǿֱӽǶ˳ȥˤĴ֮С
󵨣ʥȵң
ſѪԵʥȸ֣ꪵұۣʥؾ϶ʱŭˣ׷׳ֹ߽Ҷˡ
꣡
˽뱬֮˴棬ֱӽȳϺ˳ȥײʮԶ
Żͻ쾳ʥףأκʥֻŹǽֻ֮ǿˣҶ߾ž޴ͭӵ֪㻹𣿡
ӡӣ
Ҷ罫޴ͭ˵ϣѻȸᵽ˲ѰϢ
۾ð˷ŭ֮ɫĺ鵴Ȼ޴档
ôﲻ⣿۽ǼɫˮĻꪣҶЦЦ˵ڹײأ֪𣿡
˵ţҶóһڹײģ˴֮ϣҲʱÿռĽš
㵽ǺˣΪʥȵң
һͷ֣ض޿ֵҶͻ룬ǳ
Ϊ˼ɻֲսûäĿĳ֡
ôûϳ˭Ҷ΢΢̣վڻԵĻʥӵ飬֪ϳ𣿡
ǡ糾
Ҷ¶ʥԺֳһ޾裬ħˡ
㿴㻹ӣϳˣ
ҶϷʵ˵ժƤߣ¶ʵò
糾ôĵӣҹȻʥȵң
ħ͵վŭͨҪҶ磬ǳ
ô̶ѨҶͱһЦ᪻ʹҺƣҪ˵ССʥˡ
ˣʱûϹħʥûɥ֮Ȯӻذ᪻ʳǣ
ʲôħ۾һɣ˼˵ħʥˡ
ܵÿ죬ͳΪҽˣҶ˵ˣľ͸Ͽҹ˭Ҵɱ䣬ᡣ
糾Ҫ磿
۽Ǽ͸ŨŨŭͼվŭ˵
˵ˣҽҪʥȣκΰʥȵ˶ҵĵˣҶ͸˭İ˵һɳͼ˳
ؾͻؾˣ
оҶɢϢԼҪֲͼѩ׵üëһ£𾪵˵
ߣؾҶһɱؾɱ
ˣ˭ͰԴ°ɣ
˵ţ鼶ͼȽȽĺգֳ壬йĵ⣬ȫ
췣ϴҶ鼶ͼǿټͻƵǵʥ磬ڻȫתɵ
ʱ鼶ͼʤɱؾܡ
úúã糾Ұһᱨġ
ħû뵽̶̼ʱ䣬Ҷʵ˿ֲҾôһݻҪ뿪
ߣ㲻У
ҶЦһ̤ɫħ
ħ
ҶϮħԥȼǿѪ֮۳һֻΡߴ󣬲ŨŨħħѪӰֳһ޴ħնҶ硣
飡
ԲҶ絥ڣһȭ˲䱻ѹˣһȭħѪӰնħĺӴϣֱӽ˵Ѫۡ
һ̣ͭӳҶ壬һ⣬ն˲Ѻ۵ħѪӰϣֱӽӴ롣
ү
ħΣգʵ׵²ΣǰҶ磬Ϊħȡʱ䡣
ߣƾҲҡ
ħ·ĴɱУҶ粻ܣƷʥ˹ײˡ
أ
ҶһӴгĳڽ飬ѪƮɢ
׮
ħû뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀֲݵ£׮ѹҶ硣
׮ʱħޱĴ׼ʥҶԴҪһٽˡ
ħѪȼգ
ħʩչɱУҶ仯˿ֲħ֮Ʒʥ޵ͬʱǳڽ
أ
׮˲䣬ҶбˣҶһ̽ҫֱץס˼Ϯɲ׼ʥ
꣡
һëȻ
˾ֵĿע£ҶӲ׼ʥ

ĿǰһĻħˣԥʩչѪҪܡ
Ҷٶȸ죬ӡһƣںһ𣬻һֻ޵еĴӡֱħϣ飬ʬ޴档


1433 ʥ

ĿǰһĻڳȫɵۡ
޷ţڰӵȨʵؾ޵ħҶһ׼ʥǱҶһˡ
˭ɱ˭
ǿƻɱħҶ绺תԵƥľ
ߣߡ
ʶҶ޵еʵͺֶΣ˵˻Ǳˡ
ɫ粻۾͸һ˿ɫͼûҾôĵ裬뿪ˡ
ꪣǲǿˣ
Ҷ米˫֣ŶͷðſźĻꪵʥȸ֣˵
ȻͻƵ쾳ʶҶǿƻɱħʵֶΣоԼ²Ķ֡
ڻϣᵽ˸ӿֲϢ
糾ʥ֮ûٵ㣬ΪҪϾɱǿסĵĿֲջ˵
ꪣʱȷʵûʥȣû뵽ʥȾȻӰйᣬŴ⵽ӰɱִɱⱳҲǵӰӰɡ
Ҷεȵǿ󣬵߽ʥʱ˵ɱ쾳ܵϢ
糾ĸ֪ܲû뵽ң
ȻꪷϣһɫӰʥ⣬סҶ硣
ûв´ҩͰɡ
Ҷ翴ŵڴڵĺɫӰ˵
´ˣҲҩͣɫӰػӦ
˭¶ɣ
ͻƵǵʥҶѾ޾ҩ쾳޴ˡ
΢΢һ̤ӵ˺ɫӰ֮ǰڽĴ֣ץ
ˣ
Ҷȫ֮ʣɫӰԺһֺɫոֳ壬һſŻƿռǣҶ緢żҵײ춯ص
ǰҶƱػᱻֺɫˣҶȣֶһſźɫգںɫӰ΢΢ЩԾĿע£ؿڡ
䣡
ɫӰ㲻ҶһȭУ΢΢һ˼Ӳĵز㡣
ţܣһ߿ܣ
Ҷ֪ԼһȭƷʥѣںɫӰʱȴδܺ壬Ҷ²⣬ǻˣһѪ⣬볣죬ǿȿƷʥĿܡ
ر䣡
ҶɫӰ֮ʣʩչʥȵһͨȼ棬ʵֳʥ֮ƷʥꪹҶ硣
໣
ȫȼյĻֳնһǰֳƷʥӭȥ
䣡
ʥײһб֮˴ƣҡ
ۣ
ʩչر䣬ʵȻ쾳ޣ뿰ǵʥ޵ĻȣԶӲһꪵѪصײ˵ϡ
һ˻ꪣҪʤ׷һٽشܻ
˻˻˻
ͻȻһ̶һ׳һǣȫȭͷСƬﵽƷʥ޵ȼĺɫڵزԾſѪҧ˻롣
໣
ͻɫ͵Ϯ쳤Хһ仯뱾壬̤ſռ䣬ӭʥ޴ߣһͷײ˳ȥ׳Ķײˡ
롣
ű仯ɱĻ룬ʥȸֵˣꪶеز
ƷʥҲ͵Ϯң
Եſµĳ˺ɫߣĹ
ڻһһ͹£ɫȫ۱̤飬ӴǱ˺ҧǧٿףʮ׳βӲҧϡ
ɽͼ
ʥʥ޺ɫΣգʥƷʥɽͼҪ档
ʵֲ̫ȵʥ𹥻£ɽͼͷŵ飬޷ס룬˺ֺ
˻˻
ںɫʹİУҧߴ磬Լӡ
ףǸô죿
ʥӿҶʩչɱѹס˺ɫӰֻǵʥޣĻʵ
ߣ뿪˵
ȫʧأꪲҾôѸ뿪
ܵĵ𣿡
䲻Ļһ̤סǶˣǷ͵Ĺ
ʥ𣬾ң
Ĺ̫ͣꪸӶ˸Ƕ֣òʥ
һ̣ѺۣݵĴгһʢɫɵ
ȫʢʱл緢Ļɽ˻룬סıɱһ˻ꪸӶˡ


1434 ظ
ʥˣ
󣬵סɱһʥҶ¶Цݡ
շշһʥʩչر䣬ʵ͵̡
ˣϷˣ
˵ţҶٻ˱֮ľ˺ɫӰ
ľҶͨκƣȫǿҡҷŻйڳںɫӰʱֱƿķؿڣ˳ȥ
Ȼһ߿ܣ
¶ĺɫӰҶ緢֣ģأѪ֮ŴɫϸɳľʯؿڸǶװļ׿ǣ˱
׿Ǻͺɳʯķս쾳޴ܡ
ױľ飬µĿܲδ˻ȼǿֳһǴ̰ĳìҶ硣
׮
ܷϮҶ罫鼶ͼݵ£۳Ÿ׮Ÿ֮ڿϣж塣
ڿ˫ȱŸ׮ӲҽӲĵزʱҶƻľһݺݵײѺ۵ؿϣײ˳ȥؿȫݡ
¯飡
ҶһƷʥ¯ɳ壬£¯ȼһɽݺݵ˿ܵУµӲܵˡ
⡭
ĿҶǿܵһĻɫ䣬ĿֻҪʥ뼤ս֮ʣʥ˴
Ǭ󣡡
Ҷһ˵ٶ˺˿һ˰Ǭ֮ס˻ꪵˡ
ɽͼ
⵽Ǭ󹥻ʥɽͼ˲ΣصĻסԼֵǬĹ
ߣƷʥȲ
Ҷһһ˰Ǭ֮һںͭն޵һݺն˷·̺µɽͼϣӲ˺ɽͼķŻʥӵ塣
ۣ
Ľ壬ʥ⵽شĻأѪ˳һѪ罦˳

꪿ʥΣգȫȼȫѪʵ۷壬ֳƷʥնҶ磬ҪҶˣʥܴʱ䡣
ĩ֣
ЯɱϮҶûϵںʥѪ飬ȼѪ鼶ͼ۳һйâĩӭȥ
䣡
ĩնײһͬʱըˣµӲֵס˻ꪵĹ޷
֮ŭ
ڻꪲηӲ췣عʱʥ籡Ҷ壬γΪ֮ɫĿֲϯķ籩˻ꪡ
ˮ޼ʥˮʹ֮ŭĹƷʥǿһֲıըֱӽʮףȫѪҵط
飬·ɣ
ʩչ֮ŭ˻֮ʣҶ̤ڴʧɫĻʥǰʩչѣĻ꺣ķһ˿ٻ
һ̣Ҷ籬ڽݺݵغ˻ϣֱӺ䴩ɽͼķӿ˻ʥӵУѪʹధĻʥӺ˰С
أ
ʥӳܲסڽӿڰбһѪС
顭
ԼϣԼĻʥӱҶһĻĶˣ뵽֮Уްŭһ㹥Ҷ磬ҪɱΪʥӱ
Ҫżֵˣ
ҶǬֵס͵Ĺ̤˺˻ꪵķ߱ƽڽݺݵײ
أ
ҳҶеʥײһʱһɳ壬ڽڰˣѪ
һ˻ꪣҶʤ׷ʩչɱУȫѹĹƣƴ
ڻ뵽ΣУʱɥҶ֣֮һģزӰԾ˵ٶȴӹնһնꪴսҶ硣
Ǭ󣬵ֵ
֪һնˣҶϿǬеֵסƾһ
Ӳ⾪һǬ󾹾ҵĲȻһ£Խ쾳ޣҶһв
һ̣Ӱ˻ǰٿһɰʮһ׼ʥȼŽɵĽϮɱҶ磬ҵĽ֡


1435 ǧҶ
þ˵Ĺ˵˭Ϊι˵ľˡ
ҶǬȫںУ޷òظּսغϣδѹĹƣ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ

ظͻȻУʮһ׼ʥϵطһ˺յĽâ಻Ľһظ߹һصĹҶ硣
׮
ԼϮĽҶ۳ŵ׮ѹգγɿµƣŽ
ţҶ翰ǿƷʥбڽ֮ϮĽظ֣һȭؿڡ
һȭռŤµȭâֱ˿ռ䣬ӲظֵĹһ
ҪװŪˣֳɣ
Ҷ͵̤ǰһ̤˴ز㣬ֳʥˮĹơ
֮࣬ԼݣݻĴ֮꣬ӻķӦ
ҶƮ㣡
ӲӲŴ֮ظһתݻĴ֮޾ƮҶиҶĹĹơ
Ž裬ͨ£
ʩչɱмҶԳʱҶӿնϣӡŷܵƵĽâŴ֮ºݺݵն£ǿƿҶƮ㣬һնʴɵĺڳۣն˳ȥ
ಣ
ظֱնɵ˲䣬ӳīľʯҶ硣
䡭
ı
㲻Ҷ类źɫʯԱɣƻƷʥǳ飬òǬС
໣
Ҷ类ԱʯǬʱĻѹסʥһδ˺ʥ壬ĹԽԽ
ڣҳȥ
Ҷʧȥģǵʥ뿪ǬڻҵʥС
ǵʥ
оڵʵɫ飬¶һ֮ظ¶֮ɫüͷһ
Ȼʵﵽ쾳۷壬ǵʥȣвԽʵ࣬οҶʵ
ǧҶȻ㣡
ؿһԽۣѪӣϳݡ
ʮɢ֮һۺʵǿǧҶ
ǡ峤ڣϳǧҶǧҶϺҲǳЩ˵㾹Ȼͻ쾳ޣﵽǵʥ
ǧҶȻôʥȣѵӰվŵ
Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫϷǧҶӪȻꪣ׳ںεȵĿģǷӰɱֱ֯ӵĹϵ
ǧҶǧǰ֣پһʤɣ⼸ǧ㳤˶٣
˵ţֳʥҡƷʥʥǧҶҵع
ãǾ£ͻƵǵʥ磬ʵ˶١
ǧҶûȼǿѪ֮ӭȥʩչĵƣ۳ʮʮƴɱһ
ꪣ˭ܾ㡣
ǧҶҽ֮ʣҶһڴʧɫĻǰһؿڡ
ر䣡
ꪼǱٴʩչر䣬ȼǿѪʵޣֵҶ͵Ĺ
ѣ
Կ죬ǿսǿҽʱҶǵʥ걬γ糱ˮĹ˻ꪻ꺣УķӦһ˿ĳٻ
һ̣ͭڽʥУûһĽâ˺գһѿյĿռѺۣƿ˻ꪵ˳ȥһֱֱӱҶѪ罦˳

ֱ۱ꪷʹİΪ˻һеĽһſǿʵĵҩ̵˶У֮
ûõģɣ
˵ţҶ߸ߵԾ𣬼תһ֯ƵĻ¯ųڽʯ׹ˣʹĻꪡ
Ҷ绯֮¯䣬ѪΪýϵӡһǼµĴӡ֮¯
κΣ֮¯ں˳ڽ鼶ͼ˵¸޷Կ
䣡
֮¯䣬µӲꪵһֱұˣӲ䵽ӲĵزУѪڲѺ۵ĵط͸
ľɣ
һشꪣҶٻ˻ľɫ룬׾ٽˡ
ꪣµžˣ
ǿɻҶ߸߾ʥѺ۵ԴҪ꣬˽
ͻȻһХĻһУҶ磬ҪˣӪһߵĻꪡ
֮ŭ
ͻҶ紦Ҳ㣬ʥ籡壬˿µ֮˻ֱӽµĻˡ
ͣ
֮ŭ飬ʥڽ̽˻ԴУԴ꣬׹


1436 µҩ

һɱꪣҶ̤֮ϣڰлһӰһƲ㣬֯ǧâƲ㶴ǧٿףƳһɫۣݣǷߡ
ҩͣȻ㣡
űƳƲߣ֤ʵҶǰڲٲ²⣬ԼŴ⵽ɱĻĺ־ҩ͡
²⣬Ӱɱ֯վˣһǸոǧҶһҩ͡
֤ʵԼǰڵĲ²⣬ҩϣоһϤϢ
糾Сˣû뵽̶̼ʱ䣬ϣȻͻƵǵʥ磬ӦʥƼϵĹͰɡ
ҩͲˣһۿҶ粢ؾܣǱؾܸǿĶǵʥ
ҩͣҲû뵽㲻Ӱйϵ᪻йءҶĮػӦ
糾֪ûһ仰һûк³
ȻںͻʵԶǧҶʥ𣬵ҩϣȴû¶һ˿ţ·еһУƿ֮С
ֻǶ˵ǿȭͷӲҶԵ
糾ǲΪǱʤȯˡҩʹЦһһ֪ʥǶô޴ľ
ϹħڴˣҲ֣㻹̫ԶҶ
ãǾͿ˭Ц󣡡
ҶἰϹħҩ͵üͷ΢΢һ壬ҶϻֳһﵽƷʥȼ·ĺʥϮҶ硣
ͭ꣬ڣ
ҶȻŲʥȴƷʥ޷ʥȣΪ˲ʥͭУʥ
ˣ
ʥͺʥĽײһ𣬼ɿµҵĶԳ⣬ǿķ֮˶˵Уǵ塣
ţҩʲôʣ
ݵԷ֣һɹɷ֮ƽҩ͵壬ţ뺣ʧҶ¶֮ɫ
ƣ
ʥͷŵǿ⣬ҩͱһһǿս緢壬ʥгڽӲʥҶֱ۷飬ڽڰˡ
飬ʥѪ飬ڣ
оҩ͵ʵ£ԽǧҶ൱ҶںʥһʵЯ޵нҩмҵĽ֡
Ǭ󣡡
ҶҩͼҲɱ˰ʱ䣬ҩ͵ĹѹסϱУһޱȵǬ֮˿µĽ˺ҩ͵Ĺ
ǬǬһ
ֵסҩ͵ĹƣҶһһ˰Ǭ֮Ѹһ𣬴ſµشƣſµĴ֮ƣնҩͣµĹӲһ
ս壬գ
ҩһסӿѪǿصʣһʵ
µսò񷶼Ϊ֮ɫԽ쾳ޣӵǵʥʵ
ǵʥҩеܣ
ҩͽڽʵҶ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫоҩϵܷͬСɣпϹħһöҪӡ
ɣ
ս߰ҩͱһֳֺʥնҶ磬һµĽâɨһУƺƵĵ˲֮С

ҩЯɱϮҶֳʥȫӭ鼶ͼ˵볬ڽڽʥУ̶ͭһݻŴĺХҩնһâײһ
䣡
޴ı쳹ʣ󹥻ײ֮£·򶼱ˡ
ܣ
ҶʩչĹȻޣҩ֮ʵ̫󣬲ʩչľˣæٻ˽ܵǰһ޵֮Ĺ
ľ򷨣
ҩԵʵ˺ƿ񱩵Ķײ籩ƽҶʱľֳҶ壬ҡҷŻй⹥ҩͣӲ˻ȥ
ʥ𶦡
̵ľĹҩüͷ΢΢һ壬ٻƷʥʥ𶦣һСɽѹҶ硣
ҩͣЩδЩ̫ˣ
ҶٻƷʥ¯ֵ˲ϢҪŭ
أ
¯ʥʯײһ𣬿µ˲˷ԲһĿռ䣬ռѺӡ
Ʒʥȼ¯
Ӳ֮£ҩ𾪵ķ֣Լʥ𶦾ȻҶ¯µ¯пһھļƷʥб֮ɫ
ܵõƷʥȼ¯ܴĵ̣ǿ˵лƳƷʥ
ҩ¯䵽ϣûǽҰɣ
˵ţҩȫĵٵۣһֻ֣ڸգץ¯Ҫ¯ץߡ
裡
ͻȻһʯ޺¯Ϭˣ¯ײҩ۵֣ƵĹ
ҩͣϷԽˣ
¯Ƶҩ͹˲䣬Ҷ罫ǵʥĲٻ˳׼ǿƻɱʥڡ


1437 ҩ͵ĵ
ǵʥ
˲䣬ҩɫû뵽Ҷ粻ǵʥڲ࣬ǵʥػ
ǰսپٻɱҩ͡Ҷ紫ߴٵ
ãˣ
һ˲һҩǰ̽˳ŵĲ֣ӡؿڣһƵĵ⹥ʮԶ
ҩͼҽʱҶ̤ڻԣһ𹥻أֿʥ
أ
Ҷͻ빥£ʥһαˡ
ľɣ
ʥǿʥʱҶٻ˻ľƻľأʮʥҪǿнѹ

⵽ľɣʥᵽΣϢȫȼʥ֮壬ľɡ
κƹأľĿǣ޷ֿľɣʥеɫƣʥ֮岻ϱľɵС
룬ȥڻɱǧҶ
ľʥ֮ʣҶ
ã
뱩һޱߵʥ𣬱˱ȫѹƣڽڰ˵ǧҶ͵Ĺơ
ಣ
ۿǧҶ˲Уһ̶ƿɫȣɫߵӰɱֳˣֳַɱ֮ڡ
׿裡
ͻӰɱֹݻŴûһƬ׺׹籡壬һĿߣŽһӰɱ֡
أ
⵽ʩչĴɱйһӰɱֱֵӱµĿ׺ˣһѪ
ɱ
ǿƻɱӰɱ֮ʣµĵزͻȻһѺۣһɫֳһ޵ʥŮ˿ѪڷһҪһش
򣡡
ͻƵǵʥʵ̫̫࣬ǰԤеΣգʩչǿһкȥ
һ·ھĵʮ֮һĵŷһɫ΢ĺŮӡ
䣡
ˣµ˲˺ŮʩչĴɱУ壬˺ķӰк䵽˵棬ҳһӡ
Ⱥ󣡡
űشеŮӣϳӰ˵еƿߣ쾳Ⱥ
໣
شȺʱӴϵطײ˺۵ǧҶһ֣֮ڽڵİˣɥʧ˷֮
ˣ
شǧҶֳʥϮҪһ˽

ʱἤսҩͣһֱ飬ֿǧҶ³һ֣һҪϢ
һ̣ǧҶһǿıը֮ںͻʱͻȻԱǷһ
ȻڣԤеΣǰ㣬ǧҶﵽ쾳ޣԱ󣬻⵽شӱ˳ȥ
Ӱɱ֣ȫϮɱ
Ⱥץסںͻ˵ĻᣬܵӰɱ֣ǷĴɱ
죬գ
Ȼ˲ᣬĹȴȻƿµĵڽ죬ҡʱΧĿռ˴ңǿǵӰɱ֣ҡ֮飬ʬ޴档
ҩͣȥԹɣ
Ҷƻľɹʥٴ۷һ𹥻ҩͣҪɱ󻼡
糾ΪƿһУƿҵվҩͲţ죬ҾǼʶ£Ϸʵ
˵ţҩͽ⿪һصת뵽塣
ħѪҩͽ⿪ʱݵظоħѪҩ͵ħɽеϹħкιϵ
ţǡħӰѵҩħħһ߷
Ҷ²ҩϹħĹϵʱҩ͵зħӰԼµҩ͵ݡ
Ϲħ𣬰ͼı˺ܾãնɱҩͣܶϹħһֱۣǲټƻ
ޣѪʨ
뵽Ҷ罫ʥٻһ𹥻ҩͣҪɱ
ʱڣȶסƣҲ˹ʹ͵Ĺҩ͡
һµĹ춯أ˲ҩڵĿռˡ
ûõģƾЩϣ˲ҵģ
ϹħӰȫֳҩ壬ſռ䣬Ҷ磬ǵĹ
ħ
ǿƵֵסҶ˹ҩвϵظֳһµħӰϮɱҶˣһʥԼҶˡ
ƳĵƣǾҲ԰ˣ
ȫħƵҩͷ·һˣֲʵҶ˴в


1438 ɱҩ
ǰ赽㣡
Ҷ粻ƣ̤ڲߣ赽

µľɱ޵еĵҩʩչħûһħӰײһӲֵסĴɱС
¯ѹһУ
ҩԹʱҶ¯ھѪϬ꣬¯ϵرͷųµѹѹҩ͵壬Ĺ
ҩںϹħӰʵȻ£ͬʱ⵽ƷʥĹƻǱƣʩչĴɱб¯ͷŵѹ֮޷вҶ磬ˡ
ǧؾ󣬽
ҶŴܵҩͲ˱ɱ֮ģڲᣬڵΧʱٻǧ죬γ˷ǿǧؾ󣬽ռ䣬ҩ͵·
·⣬ҩɫ΢΢һ䣬ԳʵǿûͻΧʩչر䣬ȼ棬ʵ۷壬ϹħӰ֯ٵ˺ƲĽâʢһδηҶ˵ĹǱˡ
ľͼᾳ죬ʥ졭
ҩ͵Ĺ̫ͣҶ޷رʥ£ҩ͵ĹƱѹƣҲʼأһѪ˳˳
ħʥףħ£
ҩͱһȵĺɫʥ籡壬ǧؾˣʣֵҶ˵Ĺ
֮ŭ
ħʥϮҶ֮ŭ˾˰ĺħʥס
һ̣ͻȻƽҩͣʩչǿԾɱ
ǵʥԾԹµĴɱȫ£ҩƴ˸൱סϹħӰϱħ
򣬻й⣬̡
ҩͽɱʱڣʥΧҩͣͬʱʩչɱУ塣
һɹɳŻ£ҩ͵ķӲˡ
ʱҶ̤ŲͻȻƽҩͣһݻ鼶ͼɵĵһݻڽ֮͸ҩͱ˺Ƶķݺݵغϡ
꣡
ȻϹħӰ˴󲿷ֹҩͻ⵽ش󱳱ѪģĹͷˡ
¯׹
ɹشҩͣҶ¯Ʒʥʥ𶦣ݺݵ׹޷ҩȫֵ
Դɱ
ҩͽϹħֵסʥʱʩչյǿһУһĴɱУҩ͵壬ؿڣڽڵİˣ㱻顣
ħң
һߣҩȼϹħӰǿѹסƣҪͻΧ뿪
ҩͣĹأԹɡ
Ҷ粻뿪ĻᣬѸٽһݼʮ꣬˲ָĵĹҸʵǿĲᡣ
˹ң˲ָ˿ƾ赹ĵĵҩǰʩչԾ
ϼһ
ȫħҩͱһѪ˫ֿٵŤݻſµɱУ˲ᡣ
Եʵҩʩչɱʱҩͽս߶ޣƷʥʥΪһ壬Ҫʥ˺Ʒ
赣ɱ
ʯ䣬ֳ־赵ҩǰ赵ֵסҩһһʱע˴ĵ۳ɱߺɱҩ͡
ħ𣬰ҵֵ
ҩ̵赵Ŀ£ϹħӰǰֵ赵ľɱ
죬ʥ죬ҿռ䣡
ҩἤҶԳ⣬ƴսʱڲΣգ˺˿µĻ籩ƽҩֳͣƷʥ죬ҩ͵壬ơ
Ҽˣ´Ϸ򶨰ٱ
ҩû뵽Լ¶ĵƣȻҶ˿ƣԽԽأһݻóһȭͷСĺɫʯѸٽˡ

ҩžʯ˲䣬Ҷһʱ佫˴͵ǬУȴ᲻ɴݵĽ档
䣡
ɫʯըˣµݻһУſռ䣬յǧؾ˵Ѻۡ
ҩͽϹħֵסɫʯԱȫͻΧʱһԱĺɫӰͻȻ֣צһ㣬ס˼أ˺۵壬ж

жޣҩͳ˸Ļ𹥻ƴķҪϹħӰǰͻΧȥ
䣡
ҩͷĹ£סĽܱ˳ȥ
ʱϹħӰҲˣµĻҩͻһƻݻ
ҩͣɣ
ҩǿִƴɱͻΧʱ¯֣޾ѹ֮ݺݵѹѪĲ֮ϣԴɢ꣬ɱˡ


1439 ٵ֮Ԩ
պһذϢը
綥ʥأӵ쾳ܺʥʥȸˡ
ħӰɱ֯Ⱥɥʥȡ
Ǻư᪻ʹѵҶһˡ
ҶϢ粢֪ʮɢޣӵпºҩͣǧҶҲɥʥȣȻĺ䶯
һʱ䣬糾ӵ˶෽ע
˵ԤϣûչûжƲϧһд׷ɱҶ磬òᵽ˲ѰϢ
᪻ʹС
ʣ˵ǸζԸҶ硣
ĶҶݻʥȵ¸
ȲҪҶ磬ħ棬Ҷ߲ǵʥܱǵʥܣҩԼħ˿ƵǧҶҲ֮֡
ϥһ֬һ㣬ɢ˿˿ʯ˽յ˫ͳ˵
ʲôҩͣǧҶˡ쵹һ𾪵˵Сʲôߵʥôôࡣ
֪ҩ͵ҪҩϹħʮҪһöӣ䲻Ϲħļƻ޷ʧ
ʣ֪Ϲħ˻Ҫòѣ찴סĵʵ
ҩ͵Ѿħ˲ǣϹ֮սħƹأƻҪʱȫԭѡһҶһʱ䣬ħʥ˻ָƣǵڡ
ʣҪҪҩͣǧҶϢɢȥҩԭԸǡʵ
ҡҡͷڹϣǲҪҶ緢ͻҪν
Ǻðɣ
Щ˵뵽ҶƿصĿ֪ȷʵǵѡ

ҶΧһľС紾ӣɫˡ
ҶϴʥȣɱҩͣǧҶ˺󣬼ԦסһСԺϢ
ľʥ𡣡
Ҷ뵽ǬУƻľȫʥԼɱҩͣõ˺ħʥס
һľʥҶʥرˡ
ľʥʱɱҩ͵˵սƷ
ƷʥʥƷʥʥ𶦣ƷʥǧҶ£Ʒʥꪡ
⼸ޱʥʥ⣬Ҷ绹õǧҶİʮһ׼ʥϴʥȵõƷʥʮһ׼ʥԼҩϰ˰Ʒʥʮ׼ʥ
ټǰϴ᪺ǵõ׼ʥҶ罫Ǭ˶ʮѣжʮǬ֮ﵽƷʥȼǬ֮Ҳﵽ׼ʥȼ
Ϊ̶ǬҶ罫ɱҩ͵õƷʥȼĺʥڽǬУʹǬﵽƷʥޣƾܻɱ쾳ܡ
ҩͲʥʦϾȻôʥ
˵õʥʥ⣬Ҷ绹ҩеõ˴ʥԼѵһ
ţһųٹһҼƷۣ
鵽Ҷ绹ҩзһŶΪãɻָһԪٹԼһҼƷۡ
磬һԸ˭
õҶһƷʥῪѯʵ
뿪磬ȥ½֮Ԩ
ȷԼ֮֮ԨйأҶȲҪȥ֮Ԩ⿪Լ֮ա
ԼҶָƣľȫ˺ħʥ׺ʥ
ʥر䣡
ʥҶɹʩչʥر䣬Ӳʵǵʥޡ
ʥرȻûʧ
Ҷʩչʥرʵ⣬һ뿪ǬԦļƷۣԽԵȥ
ҩ͵ۣһδδ죬ٶȼ죬Ҷʱ䣬ͿԽ˼Խ˿ռƣص˶½
ǣʲô
ŷɳǵۣ׼ǵ½ֱסˣ
ľҶ粢ᣬԦۼٷУܿʧھǵ⣬ֱӷ˵֮Ԩ
ֹʱ䣬ٷе۳ڵ֮ԨΧ
Ҷۣһ˷֮ԨʱʮϢķǿڵ֮Ԩзӳס
վס֮ԨѾ˲ý룡
һͷѩףֳһȵߴ
ѪǷİɣ
ŷ֮ԨڵķǿߣҶµǵݣʵ
ǡ
ҶһڵѪӣ׷ߵ¶֮ɫҶ񲻶Ϸű仯
˭ǲ֪Ѿµ𣿡
˵꣬ҶһһʧǰΣķĪյĵ֮ԨС


1440 ųַ
ͣ
뵽֮ԨҶǿŴʯֱӴ͵˵֮Ԩ֮У󴦣ͨұߵĴ󣬽뵽˵֮Ԩ
Ϭ֪꣬λµĴʲôط
ǰɭİƮŹĿռ䣬Ҷ罫¯ٻ˳Ϭ꣬ʵ
µĴо֮ԨǰϤĻϬ˵
Ϭ֮꣬ԨµĴУʲôԵ
֮ԨϬĹأޱȵϤҶʵ
֮Ԩ˴⣬ѹһܡϬû̹׵˵
ѹܡҶüͷһƣԾ˵֮Ԩѹܣѵ˻£޷նɱֻѹ
˵ʵɱ׾٣ΪνѹҾͲˣϬҡҡͷ
߰ɣȥ´еĵط
ҶûԥϬɭֲĵ֮Ԩȥ
ţǰʲô
ٷʱҶ緢ǰͻȻһƬϯصķ糱ڸſռ䣬Լٶӿ֮ܵԨƣԸ֪ܵӰ죬޷ڵһʱ֪̽ɫ糱ʵ
Ǻ鳱Ϲһսþòɢ껯ɵ鳱Сһܱ鳱ϯҲѻϬԶԶһۼϮɫˮķ籩˵
Ϭ꣬һս˶ܣҶʵ
ۣԼʮʥϬ뵽ػУ˵
ۡ۶ˣ
Ҷ徳绮ֻΪ˽ģʵ֣ʿΪʥۣ棬Ӧʿĵʥ𣬵ۣ͵档
۾缫ѣѾһˣͳʮֿµĴڡ
ţ⵽׷ɱҲٻҷ𡣡Ϭ۾¶ŨŨĳ֮ɫ
ô˵֮ԨѹӦ֮һˣҶ²
׷ɱҵж˻ɱˣѹڵ֮Ԩ֮һǣϬҡҡͷ
ǡ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Խо֮Ԩ򵥡
衭ҿ
鳱Ϭ귢˴ʯХһնѵص޵񽣣˺ѿ鳱ҶΣصغ鳱мٴ
ܿ죬Ϭ꿪·£ٶȼҶ紩˺鳱֮Ԩȥ
ϬԵ֮ԨʮֵϤ£ҶûΣգ˵֮Ԩһܾã͸Ű߲µĹųַ
Ϭ꣬ʲôطԶںµĹųַҶ翪ʵ
ǹųǾѹܵĵطϬ˵ųнأҶûнȥ֪浽ʲô˵Ĵпܾ档
ߣǹȥ
˵ţҶϬųַȥܿһأѺ۵ĳ¡
ÿµĽƣ
ǰĹųǣݵڹųиоһɳĽɽ֮ǿҶԭеĽơ
᪻ʹħɽƶ޷ųеĽȡ
Ҫųأ
Ҷ翴ű½Ʒĳţһʥ޵ɿճٻ˳ɿճɳŽơ
ˣ
ɿճɳŽʱ޹ĽͻȻֳ⣬ԳԽٵٶȣϮɱɿճ档
ɿճ棬
ɿճΣգҶϽٻǬϬѸˡ
Ǻ˵˲䣬ǧ֮ǸոڵĿռ䣬ֱӽӲĿռڶˡ
ǿнǲˣ
⸡ĹųַҶ۾ԼݣѰſܽڡ
ԼʱֹųַĽƹûһ˿϶޷档
Ҫԣ
üͷŽ취Ҷ磬Ϭ꿪˵
ãҶ˽յ˫˵ͷһСģΣգҽ㴫͵ǬС
¯󣡡
Ϭ뵽¯У¯ϵرһȼյʯݺݵײ˹ųŴĽϣҪ¯ǿ˺ƽơ
ˣ
⵽¯ųŴĽƲ⼫ٵӿ¯
գ֮䣬Ʒʥȼ¯˵ѺۣϬ⵽ش
Ǭգ
ؼʱ̣ҶǬ⵽ش¯͵ǬУ¯ųǽƻ
̫ǿˣƷʥܻ𣡡
ĿøոյһĻҶ粻ɵõһƷʥӲʮҲֻд˵еʥܻ𣬶ǰĽƣȴ׾ٵ¯Ծ֮˵ͨ
Ҫܽȥأ
ҶԶԶ־壬ɱĽƣŽȥİ취


1441 鿼
ľ
˼һᣬҶ罫֮ľٻ˳ƻľС˷ӡŹųڵĽơ
ųַйأǻľӦò⵽
Ҷݵʱ̹עųڽƵı仯һľ⵽ջػľ
ˣ
ľųڽʱĽ΢΢궯ȴûйľ
ľƽ
̽ΣҶ糹׷ƻľϵرҡҷɫڣͷŻй⣬Ĺڽơ
̼䣬ƷʥܷĿ½ƣľ˺ѿ˵Ѻۡ
Ҷһ̤ӰЩðյĴ˽Ѻۣ뵽˹ųַС
ţǰһ󣡡
뵽ųַҶ緢ԼǰһŵƵ´æͨϬꡣ
ţͨˣ
ͨϬʱҶ緢һصжԼǬ֮ϵԼ޷ϬȡϵոٻڽĻľԼʧȥ˸Ӧ
Сܽ뵽֤Ե뵽ζֻ·ߣҪôҪô
ҶŬͨľԼǬʱһͻȻϹŴ
ƵĴϸֳһŲϵףĿǵҶ磬µĿҶһļµĸо
飡
ŲףҶԼµݣص˵
飡˵ˣҪʱˣûѡ񡣡
ãԸܿ飡
ҶһµĴȥ
Ҷ߽ʱĴٻԼһƬտĻҰУӴ󣬼ײеڻҰɱʳ
໣
Ҷĳ֣ʱ˻Ұ޵ע⣬һֻֻµ޷˼ײеĺſµҪôҶ˺ɡ

ȻڴУҶ޷κε޷ñ̼ǿƷʥмʥޡ
һֻֻײеޣûŲȽӭȥ֯һ潣ͼҰе޴ս
һ̤뷢
µĽ֮ѵ϶һֻֻޣ˺⣬Ѫһء
໣
Ҷɱ¾ʱһֻСɽСͨ尵ɫȫëϸһϹˣ̤ŵ죬˵ĳײҶ硣
ͨԽţ
ϹϮѪҶԾ̤ƴһš
һ̤ѹﰧԽ֮أֱӽСɽСϹ̤˼ӲĵزУȫĹͷ˲飬ӿȪѪ
һŲϹҶ̤ӭżϮȺҰƶ
Ѫȼգ
ȻҶʵǿ󣬵Ұ޵̫ˣԡѪսĸʱɱ˻ҰڵĵأæȼѪɱ
ҶɱҰͷʱһƬ޾󣬶󷽣һӡǿƵĿռڶռڶ뿪ҰΨһڡ

ҶһһϢ̤շһ߻ɱ˻ϮķޣһϿյĿռڶȥ

ͻȻѪȾһ޺µֱ̲񷣬Ҷ塣
֣
µ޺ϮҶͷݻ鼶ͼһֻ֣һ˿µ
һ̣ѪɫҵطһֻӴӵͷβ֫һ両ֳҶһµ⣬ҪҶ顣
Ʒʥ䣡
оǰֻʵҶԥȼħѪͬʱӶµȭͷϵط⡣
ͨԽţ
Ƶ⣬Ҷٴ̤˰Եƥһţڽ˲㼯̤ſռ䣬һ̤ӲĹϣӲڵе̤ѪɫС

⵽ػȫŭ䣬һŭһ߼ٻӴһ޴ݣشƣײҶ硣
׮ѹأ
ײҶƼݵ鼶ͼ˾׮ѹΧĿռ䣬Ӵײ
ţҶ罫Ĺޣ仯ͷռ̬Ӷµֱۣڽ溳ٻ䣬ڰмҵɱ


1442 սԼ
䣡
ҶݻŴ֮ײе伤ҵɱµսؼһ޴ĺӣ쳹ء
ʥر䣡
ʵֲ̫Ҷ罫鼶ͼݵ£ڽ֮޷ɱѣʩչʥر䣬һʵ

ʥ𣬺ħʥףʥ籡Ҷ壬ʥ£Ҷʵڽ˲Խ˶ǵʥﵽǵʥޡ
ãʥûбӡ
ʵǣҶЯȵʥȭأϵغײ䣬ڰɱ
һʥ𹥻£ƿʼأһɼѺӲĹǱѣ͸˴Ѫ
ս̬
̬µֵסҶ͵Ĺȼǿ仯ǿս̬һĿߴһľˣֳּ᲻ɴݵĹԼһϵ޹ǣҶĿȭâ
ӡ
ƣҶת۳˷·̺صĴӡױȵѹȸУڰһİâ޹ǡ
̣֮
һ֮Ҷݵ⣬鼶ͼǰ㼯ռڶ̣֮䵲ǰĹϡ
䣡
ײֲľϯ춯صıըԲ֮ڶ
֮¯
֮̽ʱҶ߸ߵԾӻһƵĻ¯һϵɽӰ׹ݺݵ䡣

оҶ绯֮¯Ŀ£䲻ϵȼֳַǿĹ׽з
꣡
Ҷ绯֮¯˹֮ϣµŹ׳ϸܵѺۣһɹɳϵӿ˫УֱƤӲϵ³
׮
ʩչ֮¯䣬Ҷͷݻɵ֮鼶ͼ˾Ÿ׮Ѹ׹߾ͷĹ֮ϣֱӽӰ˱ѪȾС
޼ʥˮ⣡
׹Ҷ޼ʥˮƳ壬û뵽˲ӿУ˲䶳ס󣬴ĺϵ䲼Ѫ۵С
ϳʥףѹ
ڷŭ鱻޼ʥˮɱʱҶ罫ϳʥѹһϸ룬䴩䡣
ۣ
봩Ѻۣƽǿ׳ұбըˣµƻֱۺѪģѪĽ
ͭ꣬ɱ
ʹధʱͭƳҶ꺣鼶ͼſµĵһĨ䡣
һ֮£Ϊ֮ĽٴνӰ䣬ݺݵ˱޼ʥˮĺϣ޴ĺҳһӡ
ӡ
ĩ֣

Ҷ粻һ˿ϢĻᣬϵش߶鼶ͼݻɲľɱУӴ
ȫ£ǳΪ֮ɫΪ֮
ѣ
䱻һؿµĹѪģʱҶлγ˿µѣشһĻ꺣Уеͷʹѡ
ͭ꣬ɱ֮𣡡
䷴ӦֳٻʱҶ罫鼶ͼڽͭУͭǿݻ˲ɱ⣬һ죬ɱ飬Դϡ
أ
Դͭ궴صص˺֮ϡ
һ̣Ӵޣʧ
ʱӡſռڶĽʧˣҶ򵥵Ϣһ£̤ӽ˺ڶУһΡߴʮ׸ߣһ˸ʯ⡣
ǰϥһʵʵںڹУòӡ
оҶ֣֪ͻȻ˫ۣǳ̵Ҷ۾ۡ
ңܽ뵽С
ںڹеͻȻ˵վ
ڹ⽥ɢȥҶ翴ӵòʱͫײɵһ¶˲˼֮ɫ
Ϊ֣ǰӵòȻԼһģһۿֱ治Ǹ棬ǸǼ١
ѵڶʱսʤԼ
ҶսһԼ֪սԼѶȣοԼ޷ֻƾı£Ѷȸ
ಣ
һ̶ƿ𣬺ӽ̤ӶҶ緢֮µĽ֮Ҷ塣
ȻڶսԼ
ӾȻŽ֤ʵҶĲ²⣬æشϮĽ֮ƣս
һֽն
ҶƵӵĽʱ廯һ޵֮Ŵ̶Ľâһâȥ
ʥر䣡
ۿҶһкӵؿڣʥ籡壬ʵͬʱһ֮һҶˡ
ۣ
⧲£ʥ֮ڽҶ壬ľһѪ˳˳
Ҷˡ


1443 սʤԼ
ʥر䣡
ˣҶԥȼʥѹƵͬʱʵǵʥޣӼս
ѣ
ҽʱҶͻȻԼٵݣγɿµѣ֮ӵĻ꺣Уȴţ뺣ûвһ˿Ӱ˺
ôȻ깥
ʩչѣʧܣҶ̤ȫܣʧȥȻδȫܿӵĹ֯ӰУ˳ȥ
ˣ
Ӹ߸ߵԾ𣬲Ľ֮籡壬ٵ֮ƣһҵ񽣣նѿռ䣬һͨ쳹صѺۣҽزҶ硣
ռ򣬿ռ壡
Σʱ̣Ҷ綯˿ռ򣬿ǰĿռ䲻ϵط壬ĵֵ⾪һ
Ѫȼգ
ռֵʱҶӳؿӣȼѪʵ˼ޡ
䣡
ţʩչϵͨӱһµŤӴЯǿ˺ӡ

Ҷʩչ乥˲䣬Ҳʩչ䣬仯˿µӭҶڰмս
Ϣ𣬼ɱأϵسơ
Ľֲ̫صĻ֮˿һ˿Ӱ졣
ɱ˰ʱ䣬˺۵ķѿ˭δκ˭
ռ켣
ûɱ壬Ҷٴʩչռ򣬶뵽һµĹ켣Уͭ깥˺ӡ
⧲£ӱͭ껯һɳУһ˳ȥ
ȻȻԸҵĹͿռ̫£޷ƣ
սҶȷ޷ԼĿռͽ꣬һ
ݣ
ҶݻһµĽ֮ƻǬ󣬷źΧĿռ䣬ӸǶȹ塣
⵽ҶݻǬ󹥻ؿѿһ۵ĺӲţѸٵػ壬ͬݻǬ󣬻˽ϯأҶĹ
ͭ꣬ڣ
ҶͺӿǬɱʱҶͭڽǬУһǬ˲ѹס˺ӵĹ
ںҪѸٱ仯ǿкѹǬʱҶٴζռ켣У˲˺ǰ
ƣ
Ҷ籩һµ籼ӿĳˮӿ壬һ˿ĵƲ
˫ȭڽƶµһ޴ǳݺݵغ˺ӵϣֱƿһȭ˳ȥ
ռ壬Һ䣡
ص׹ڵʱҶ߸ߵԾ𣬲ϵؿƿռ壬صغ壬ơ
Ҷƿռռ£ӵƲϵؼأѺѡ
ĩ֣
Ҷ粻һ˿һϢĻᣬȫռʱҶ缫ٵ鼶ͼ۳ĩգְĻ֮˺ӡ
䣡
ĩձµĩ֮͸Ѻۣϵ壬Ҫ顣
֮ݻش
һټأʩչֶΣΪýݻſµششƣǿ̬Ϯصռ䣬ϯҶ硣
֮¯
ݻشϮҶ֮¯Ź⣬ײ˿µĴ
¡¡
Ҷ绯֮¯ƽش֮ʱضΪ֮
ͭ꣬ݻͼ
ɿµĹҶԳʱҶͭݻĽ֮ͼиźݻشĹ
ڣҶ粻ϧ۷񹥻£ݻشƣ˺ۣ۵Ӱ׹䣬صˤ˵ϡ
ܲһһУܽ£ء
ˣʱĺڵĿƽؿҶ
˵꣬ͻȻȼ壬޾Ľ籡塣
ɲǼ䣬ݻ޵нҶ緢һ

Ҷͫһȫ͵뵽ͭУ󺣰磬಻߶ͭ껯һأײ˺ݻ޵н
䣡
󹥻ײһֱ˷Բռ䣬ĩһ㣬޹⣬һƬ
ۣ
ʧصҶѪ˳ȥˤǧԶصڵϡ
ӳͭݻĺǱſµĻ֮ɢ֮䡣


1444 ʵ۾
ڳɹˣ
ɢؼĺӣصҶ糤һѸϥԭأϢָ
ʱֹĽʧˣһɲçӵϢڴ֮ӿ
ųԣȼߣҶϢָ˰ʱ䣬ָĵĻˣ̤ɣʯף϶صȥ
ƿǶ׵ľ޴ͭţһɿµĽ˲ӰҶʵӲѹһ
ÿµĽƣеʲôѵܾѹ֮У
ҶһϢС߽޹⣬ſ½ƵС
ˡ
Ҷоľ粻ϱѹƣʱһǶϵ¹ʯӳ
һʯ룬ϥһۣͷʹڣ̤ѥɫҰ˫ߡ
ߵͷ֮ϣһѪһΰɫѪҺ
Ŀ½Ѫͷųġ
Ѫ
ͷѹ֮İɫѪΣҶ۾һϳѪ뵱ڻľǵѪһԴһˡ
ѵѪҸģ
ҶԷ·ӦΣΰɫѪҺиеһ˿ϤϢһ˿ڴ˹ȥ
ಣ
Ҷ翿ϥ֪ʱͻȻ˽յ˫絶һҶ硣
һ̣бһɳҶ֮ǿҶУɫ΢䣬ԥˡ
Сô뵽ģ
ͻȻ߿˵µҶĤۡ
ǻԵɺϽ뵽ģ
֮Ҷµݣڱ
𣿡
Ȼ߲ҶĽͣҲûнҴС֪Ը뿪طԸ⣬ϷԸ󲻵ĺôΪͽ
֪ǰǣҶʵ
ϷǾһʵ۾죬ҲԽҾ𡣡߹°˵
һʡҶԾ˵ǰȻ֣ǾһʣΪαѹ
ȻԵɡ۾˵
˼ǰʵ̫°ﲻǰǰǵԵ˰ɣҶ˼һ£ίľܾ
ȵȣȲҪż뿪߿ҶתҪ뿪ʱżˣǲ·ҳһӺ㡣
ȷʵģҶ˵ͷ̹Ȼ˵
ɣϷģֻҪϷ򲻵Ӻ㣬޾ĺô
ѹ£۾ԪҲʣ࣬˵ҶΨһϣҪץסؼյϣ
ܰǰ뿪ǰ׼ʲôôҶ˼һʵ
ҿ̳²õһѧ۾׳һ޴ջ
ҲҪ
ҶҡҡͷֱӾܾ
Ҫʲô۾¶֮ɫ
һ֣Ҫ˵ڶ½ˣ˵𴫳κۺ죬۾췢֣ҶԴȴȤ
ѪܸʣҪǰ֮һѪҶ˼һ˵
СϷѹ£;ƿݣ֮һѪϷ»ҪˡϷ޷Ӧ㡣۾üͷ΢΢һ壬˵
ðɣҾһҪ֮һѪҶԥһ˵ǰپֻܾܷ
ãϷӦ㣡
۾Ȼջ𣬵֪Լûѡ񣬶ֻҪȫƿҶܶʧ֮һѪ
ǰİɣҶ翴ɫĵ۾죬˵
ã
۾һסĵŭ𣬵ԡ
ǰ֪
۾֮Ҷ翪ʵ
ͷǵѪֻҪ취ǵѪҵѹҾ۾ָѹİɫѪҺ
ҹǵѪʲôΣհɣ
Ҷ翴ŰɫѪҺЩĵ˵
İɣ̽ŹûΣգ취ǵѪҵѹ
Ϊ˴ҶĹǣ۾ѭѭյ˵
ðɣҶһ̤ǵӿµĿռѹһѹ۾ǵΰɫѪҺҲʱ
˵ո۾ּۻۣҶΪ֮ĿĲǵ۾֮һѪ˳ΰɫѪҺ
ѪйأҶоԼлշξѪ
ڵ۾вûзϣһµģ׾һº֡
һָо۾һֱѹҲΪ֮ġ
ϣҵĲ²ȷģ
ҶһʳָͷſѹİɫѪΡ


1445 Ѫ
͡
ҶָɫѪΧĽƷ·𴰻ֽһ㣬ϵ飬ָ׾ٵĴ˰ɫѪΡ
һ̣ɫѪӳ޾Ĺâͨ壬һɿµѪˡ
ţôˣСӵʲôˣ
ɫѪҺѹµĵ۾죬Ҷ羹Ȼ׾ٴѪ˹жʱһ˿
ǰ֮һѪƳ
ָ밵ɫѪҺڵҶ磬ѾѹƵİ취ɫ䣬Ŀĵ۾
Сӣ㵽ʲôˣѪʲôϵ۾ʵ
ֻһС䣬ײ뵽ġҶ
ΪѪ
۾ҶĽͣ˵
ҲҶҡҡͷ˵ǰʵޣǰٽ֮һѪң޷ǰоȳ
ãϷھ͸㾫Ѫ
Ȼ۾ᵽһ˿ѰϢΨһĻᣬζҪһ£һģǿбƳ֮һѪһſžѪΣΧ
ƣѣʱҶͨͨľѪǿнѪƴһϸСȱڵǰѪҡ
СӣϣõҵľѪϷҲŹģ
۾쾯һ֮һѪ͸Ѻ۳档
۾֮һѪʱ԰׵ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫһҶľѪһſѪοٵۣһûû٣Ѫ죬ʵֲѪˡ
ǰ㡭
Ҷû뵽۾쾹ͨѪΣɫʱˣ
Сӣס㣬㲻˵ʵ
۾ȫȷҶﲻɺϣѪ˴Ҷ硣
䣡
޾ѪѪһѪĴ֣ױȵѹһӡʵѹƵ磬ȫҶ磬޷֮˳ȥ
Թ־ܰɣ
һشҶ磬Ѫ˽ŲѪƣɱҶ磬ҪһشƿϵܣһƵѪѹ뿪
۾죬ݵ˺Сˣ
ͻȻһͻȻ֣ſ޴ͣ޾⣬Ѫ˷ĴɱС
Сˡ
Ҷĳƺ۾еɱŨѪɱҶ硣
ǰٽƶҵѹ
²ѺۣƼصҶ
ã
ת󣬽˴ƶҶѹơ
ָȫʵҶѸٺһƿ֮ˮȶһƣٻ¯ͶʮǬ֮ɱѪˡ
ѪȻǵ۾쾫ѪƿƣʵܵӰ죬ټʩչ۾ͨսҶ߲˶١
ǰˣֻѹɣ
ٽ֮ҶȷѪ˵ʵ൱ǵʥ
Ǻãͽˣ
ҲҶʵǱѸ˵һߣϵؿƣѹѪˣӲʵѹƵǵʥޡ
ʥر䣬飬ʥѪ飬ڣ
Ѫʵһ½Ҷ糹׷ѸʩչƣȼѪӲʵǵʥ硣
¯ѹ
ʵǣҶϬ꣬¯ѹѪˡ
䣡
¯ѪƵ˫ִһ𣬶ʱܼı޾ѪѪγɣһ֮ͨ¯¯Ĺ
Ǭ󣬻
Ѫȫ¯ʱҶһޱȵǬ֮Ѫˣ󷭹Ѫܼع塣
ǬϮѪٴӿ嫵Ѫ֮һѪУֵǬĹ
ֶιȻ£
Ѫ˽ԼʩչĴɱУҶһٻ˳
鼶ͼ⺣󣡡
Ҷͷ鼶ͼһƬԴԴϵע뾫ĵž赵Ĺ

һ쳹ʵں㹻ĵɱû˾赣ݻµشƣѪ۵ѪС
ɱ£һѪбˣµԼǬǬ󣬽Ѫ֮ϣѪˡ
ľɣ
Ѫ⵽شʱҶٻ˱֮ľƻľ˲Ѻ۵ѪϣѪơ
һ̣ľһҡҷŻй⣬һ۳ɫ룬ѪУʢľѪ
ʲô
оѪڵľѪԴԴϵʧ۾췢˷ŭ
Ѫѹƣ޷ֹľѪڵľѪֻܿѪƴع
κλľ̫ӲѪĴɱ޷˺޷ɡ
أѪڵľѪԽԽϡķҲԽԽ
գ۾֮һѪɵѪ˱ľˣ۾Ҳ⵽صĴˣ˱òޱȡ


1446 ֮Ѫ
ľɵ۾쾫ѪĻľ鲻ɵüѸҶߣ˵ݼСոնðСҪ֡
ǰѪҸҵ𣿡
ǫ飬Ҷ罫ľٻ壬ʵ
ǣξѪС˵ġ˵ͷСֻ轫ɣκ֮Ѫ
֮ѪҶһʵǰκ֮ѪҪˡ
İСˣ˵ͨ˰֣Ϊ壡ŵ˵
Ǿͺã
Ҷ翴һ۷ŭĵ۾죬ճӳѪĺ֮Ѫԣſֱͣӽκ֮Ѫ̵С
꣡
Ҷɺ֮Ѫ˲䣬ѹ۾ĽƳ˵Ѻۣκ֮Ѫѹµĵ۾ˡ
Сӣɱ㣡
ŭĵ۾ҶһȭҪɱ
Ҫ£˺㣡
Ҷ籾ܵҪʱҶ
䣡
ҶǰĿռˣµȭâһУݺݵغڲܵҶϡ
һȭƷʥֵסҶؿʱȴδ˺ҶؿڷֺƽҲţ뺣ʧˡ
ǵѪǵѪһ˵۾Ĺ
о۾һȭ֮ڵĺ֮Ѫɻ⣬Ҷ糹׷
Сˣµĺ֮ѪӻҪ˵𣬾Ҳ˺ֺ˵
ǿԽѪŰһŰˣ
Ҷ۾һɱڣƳĵ۾˵
Ȼս˵ܼС֮Ѫٶȡ
ãҾԣ
˵ţҶ̤ɫ΢ĵ۾졣
̣֮
Ҷƽ۾˫ֿٵطƾ۳󣬷·ռڶһ̣֮ŤգҶ硣
䣡
⵽۾۵̹֮Ҷ粻ܣ̺֮Ѫ֮ϡ
ʲô
Լ۵֮̾Ȼ޷˺Ҷֺõ۾ɴ˫ۣˡ
ž
Ծ֮ʣҶͻȻʩչռ켣ֶ뵽켣֮Уݺݵس˵۾ϣһͮͮĴӡ
Сӣұ㣡
Ϊһʣ𾳽֣۾ܹȴ裬оջʹȫŭǿеµ֮һҶ塣
ϼһƿҵķ˵ɣ
Ҷӵ۾֮û仯ͷռ̬۾췢͵ķ
ء
һ͵Ĺ󣬵۾ҶƣӱҶʮţƨӡ
ȻЩڵ۾˵ͬҧ˺ľ˺ȴܴ
޷ܣһСϵȰƣƨɣϵɱܡ
Ž
˫Ѫĵ۾ŭһֿµ鼶ͼֳ壬˾ŵն񷣬ƾĵ񽣣ӭŽ̤ӶҶնȥҪն飬йͷֻޡ
ͣ
ŽӵնҶ˲䣬һŨŨѪ⸡ֳҶ壬ֵס˵ŽĹ
ţҶٴʩչռ켣ƴһȭһȭ˵۾ıӡ
ڵ۾챾ʱһǿĽݺݵѹϣжһ˿ٻ
꣡
Ҷڽȭͷ˵۾ıӣһȭѪ

ӳѪõ۾뵽֮УҶ緢ƱҪɱ
֮Ѫ̫죬£Ҷķ޵Уӵ۾Ĺȼħ֮Ѫϵعŵ۾
Ȼ۾ˣҶ̫£ټϽ⵽Ҷȭͷǲϵˣ۾Ǻ
Сӣҵţһ죬Ϸң
ʹ޷˺ҶֺȴҶñףõ۾⣬һݻͻΧ뿪
۾죬뿪Ļ𣿡
鸡֮ϣϵؼӴƣѹŵ۾죬ͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
۾죬һ
ڵ۾ȫ֮µʱƷʥʥҶУһ˵۾ƨɡ
һ̳鼶ͼͭ꣬ڽڽʥУźʥĹһ˵۾챻Ʋķ̽ƨɷ϶С

һĵ˲䴫ĵ۾ȫ޴ʹ鲻Խͷһֱ
СӣϷƴˣ
۾û뵽ҶôľջȷʽȫʧȥǣȼȫѪ֮Ҷ緢ˮĹкͬھļơ
һ̣Ҷ֮Ѫںһ
һ°ͦΣ·ؼӰֳҶ塣
ʧȥǵĵ۾쿴Ӱʱèȫĺëֱ鲻Խȥ


1447 Ҷ޼
ӣڼˣ
¼ͦεӰԽԽûһòҶмƵӣĿ͵ؿҶ磬˵
ǡҸף
ԼƵףҶ΢΢Щ˵
ţ㸸ףҽҶ޼Ҷ޼Ӱ鼤Ҷ磬˵ͷǲкܶ໰Ҫҡ
ǣҺ֪ΪʲôҶϽʳ⣡Ҷ˵ͷ
֪ЩԹңȷʵȲѣ
Ҷ޼̾Ϣһһ羪֮ĵ۾죬һָ
ȻҶ޼һָᣬٶҲ۾ȴԼ޷㣬ָâԼԴ˫һڻ˹ȥ
¯ɣҶӵ˵仰
һָ˵۾죬Ҷ޼˸ֳ¯¶֮ɫϬ꣬
ˣ
Ϭ깧Ҷ޼һ񣬻ص¯С
ף㵽ʲôԣҶ翴Ҷ޼Ӱַʲô
Ҵȥ緢飡
˵ţҶ޼ӰʩչϴͨҶ뵽һ棬·ǳɵС
磬ˣħ졢šսǳʸ
ⳡս˲֪£жٴ䣬жٿ֮飬ǳǱƻĲӣա
ȻֻԹߵĿϹ֮սҶ绹ܵ˸ȾкܶྪĶǵĻ
սȻ׶ʱҶ翴Ҷ޼ӰߣһòׯŮӡ
Ƕ˽һ޴Ĺӣǿкķߣǳʸ񣬶ҲڴȻֹ
ףǳʲôǸŮӾĸ𣿡Ҷع˱壬ȴþòƽ
ţߵŮӾĸ죡Ҷ޼˵ͷǽǿչ·ʸ񡣡
ǿչ·棿ʲôطҶ粻ʵ
ǿչ·صĵط·ͷӵгΨһʷУļλǴлôԵӶΪ񡣡Ҷ޼˵
Ǹףʲô֣
뵽Ҷ޼ĸִߣýַʸҶʵǿҵĺ档
ҺĸףǳԽڸ֣⣬ӵǧѼ֮壬ĸʥŮӵѪ֣ԶԿڴܣټ컯ӣǲսУҶ޼ػ˵
Ǹףĸеõʲô
ҶԼµҶ޼Լڶ½࣬ʵ
еõ˺֮Ѫĸ׵õһľľľεȵѣҺĸһûͻƾ磬еˡ
뿪棬⵽׷ɱĸΪң̫شһֱӡڶеΪĸʧȥҶ޼ؽ
ĸˣ
Ҷ类С
ĸײұСУֻ֮Žгһ磬ӦþȫƿСĸףҶ޼гޱǿ
ף֪Ϊѡڶ½
Ҷ޼ҶûԹޣֻɻ
ҽԭ򡣡Ҷ޼˵һԭ崫С
һսҺĸȻ棬ȴ塢Լ֧壬ֱӵ塢⵽Ϊ׵شʧأǱ𡣺˺֣˴У󴫳֮ؾ⶷½
԰ף֪ؾ˺ܶ£͡ѵҳ˯˺ܾã˵˵ţҶ뵽ڡ
̫峤ųһˣĹĸȻͬأҺķ˲Ѫӡ꣬ȫ
ҽڶ½ĵڶԭΪܣɳаоǣһܣһĴܡҶ޼˵
ף˵ǸǲԵ̫һ
뵽̫һӰҶ翪ʵ
Ҷ޼˵ͷ̫һ˶֮һǿչ·һսأһֱڶ½ˣض½ĵ񣬵桢޷쵽Σ㡣
ڵԭʵǿԸṩܺõض̨綼޷ﲻҵҪԶ޷õµĺ֮ѪҸյˡҶ޼˵Ŀǰʵ͵ĸ㡣
ˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣҰ㻻Ѫɱ䣡
˵ţҶ޼ӰʩչͨʼΪҶ绻֮Ѫ


1448 췣
磬Ѫ̣֮ѪеѪ̻ʹŵ㣡
Ҷ޼һȫ˱Ҷĺ֮ѪʼΪѪ
֮Ѫ⵽ҶĴѪɣú֮Ѫɡ
֮Ѫص棬ǿѪĴѪԶԿġ
ʱҶΪѪս޴ʹȫľ۵屾ܵĳ鴤
Ҷļ㣬ӵһŲ֮ģҧؿļ֣ĳܣûкгһ
Լʱ䣬֮Ѫռ˾ԵƣһʳĴѪҶʹҲ֮ؽ͡
ӵгҶ磬Ҷ޼Ӱ¶ο֮ɫ
ҲҶ츳жߣӵв֮ĺʹѾ̤֮߱۵Ǳ
磬ͭٻҰһ£
ҶɹʹĹ̺Ҷ޼
ˣ
Ҷһͭ긡ֳĻ꺣
ͭ͸˿˿⣬Ҷ޼ϵЦݸŨˡ
ȻҶԶԶеŵӣȡõĳɼǲʶҶǺ͵̣Ҷ޼ԷĵҶ򣬴һƬԼˡ
飬֮ԨԴ֮壡
ʧȥ֮ѪҶ޼Ӱޱȣͭʱò֮ԨıԴ֮
Ҷ޼תǿй֮ͨԨԴԴϵ뵽Ҷ޼С
꣡
ں˴ıԴ֮Ҷ޼˫ֿٵŤһܵӡݻµĴ֮ͭꡣ
Ҷ޼£ͭ͸ԽԽ࣬걾췭ظıʱ仯
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
Ҷ޼ϧĴ£ͭ귢ʵı仯ɱ˸Ϊǿİ꣬ʮࡣ
ҶУҲ˳ѪḶ֮́ѪĴѪ֮󣬿ʼ壬ڵѪҺ
ķѪ͸ȫëף͸壬Ҳһ̣üȵ

оҶڵķѪ⣬Ҷ޼һʩչͨҶڽǬȡһöɫ塣
ö壬Ҷµõġ
õö壬Ҷоδܽ⿪صܡ
ö徹Ȼ̺֮ԴҶ޼Űɫ壬Ϥصܡ
꣡
Ҷ޼ںϵ֮ԨԴ֮һޱȼӲƷʥ޷İɫ壬һޱ֮ԴڽҶ塣
ʱֵҶ緲ѪγѪḶ́ҲǼѰʱ̣Ҷܵõп޷İˡ
˿ں֮ԴҶɶɹѰʱ̣Ѫʵ
¡¡
Ҷ绻Ѫʱʱһ˵֮ԨϿգγ˺ƣ͸֮Ԩ½ƣҶ硣
飬򿪽ƣó췣ϴ񣡡
Ҷ췣Ҷ˵֮ԨؽƣҶ췣ϴ񣬽췣֮ɱ䡣
֮ѪǿѪĴȫ˶½֮Ҷ绻֮ѪḶ́˶½Ҳµ췣
Ҷ޼ΪҶ絣ģӵη֮ĵҶ磬һܶɹ췣Ѫ
䣡
µԽԽ죬һ粻ڽзµ˷Բٺеޣŵǲֻʶӣһ뵽С
ʲôʲôڶжɽ٣
ȿµϢѵоżڶжʥ޴٣
ڶǱ޵ʿҲҶ췣ˣ׷׳˲ӿĶ֮ϣԶԶؿԽԽĩսƣԽĿֻš
䣡
ʿ²ʱһ쳹ǧĿֲһ̷ˡ
һҺɫ췣֮û˾ҷĩսƣ˺ѿؾ˵Ķ˵֮ԨеҶ硣
ԴݻƷʥļ췣ϥҶ粻ܣɼ췣ϣ췣֮ɱ塣
췣̫£գ֮䣬Ҷ翰Ʒʥͷˡ
һ̣֮Դͷų嫵֮ۿɼٶ޸
֮ѪҲʱͷųǿѪ֮עҶУϵγһſȫµѪϸ̥ǡ
췣Ĺޱȵʹ࣬ʮֵգҶȴسţûһ˿⡣
ȵļ尾Уʱȥˣ췣Ҳ֮ʧˡ
ĥУҶͦ󣬽ȫѪҺɱΪǿĺ֮Ѫ
ľƿҲһɶˡ


1449 ǵʥ
ǵʥͻƣ
⣬֧飬¶ɭ׹ͷҶͻȻ˽յ˫ƺ֮ѪͷŵѪ֮Խ˾ƿﵽǵʥ
ͻƾ磬ʵûֹͣں֮Ѫ£ܿﵽǵʥޣͻƵǵʥ
ʮ̺Ѫ֮ĺ֮ѪҶʵǵʥޣֱͻƵǵʥ磬Ž
ǵʥգ۵ĹҾȻͻƵǵʥ磡
оľʵҶһξеĸоҲû뵽֮Ѫ˵죬ͻ磬ﵽǵʥޱȵʵ
ںĺ֮Ѫͻǵʥ硣
ʵͻͽҶ磬Ҷ޼ӰƯ˹ο˵
ף֮Ѫʲôô
оĴѪ֮ѪɣҶ֪֮Ѫкǿ
֮ѪǿѪԸṩ޾Ҳ˵սʱȼպ֮Ѫڵĵ޽ߡҶ޼˵
޾Ҷ۾һ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ӵ޾ֹĿƷʥǵʥֵסĹ
޾֮Ѫľ硣Ҷ޼˵У֮ѪĴѪӦñĴѪĸ
ˣոͻƾ磬ǸϿ칮Ϊã㹮̾磬һ㣡Ҷ޼鼤Ҷ
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷϥԭأǵʥ硣
Ҷ繮꾳ʱҶ޼Ӱȼ˲ֻ壬γһɾӿҶĻ꺣꾳硣
Źӿ룬ԸҶ꺣У˿ռڶ
ҶĲҲǿӿ£תγ˿µḥ̂ĥ꾳硣
Լʱ䣬Ҷ繮ǵʥ磬꾳ҲҶ޼ȼջ£ﵽǵʥޡ
ǿ˵ھŴɱ䣬ѳһޱǿɻԡ
ʱҶѾδˣɽɻԿΪá
磬һ˵˾Ͳˡ
ȼ˲ֻ壬Ҷ޼ƯҶǰ˵
ǲǵ۾죡Ҷ翪˵
۾Ǿһʣ⣬ƿ͵ƿ˾۾컹һ嶷½ЩδϹŴܡ
Ҷ޼˵ͷԼۣγһǿӡǣƽ˵۾Ļ꺣Уƿꡣ
ţʩչͨγ˵ڶӡǣڽҶС
ֻҪҶӡǲƣһֱƿص۾
۾죬úøҵĶӡ
Ҷ޼һֱ˯ĵ۾죬
ǣ
ȻвʣΪӡǵĴڣ۾޷ΥҶ޼
˸ףøװҿ
ҶҪҶ޼⿪ǿ̲ʯԼѹĹŹܡ
ãóɣ
Ҷ޼ӰȻޱȣڵ֮Ԩ˾֣ԴԴϽ֮Ԩ
ף̲ʯĵʲô
Ҷ罫طӡ̲ʯ˳ѯʵ
ħ࣡
Ҷ޼۾һ͸̲ʯǿʵ
ħ࡭ѵѹһħҶЩ⡣
ҿ
Ҷнӹ̲ʯҶ޼֮ԨֱӷޱȼӲ̲ʯƿؽƣ¶ǿѪ죬ռĴࡣ
ףһʲôȼ࣡
ȻҶͻƵǵʥ磬ѪĴ࣬ȴһļµĸоȫѪҺ궯
Ӧһŵ񾳽࣡Ҷ޼˵⶷½ȻŲܡ
񡭡Ҷ絹һ
򣬽ڵ棬һİ磬񾳽ĴҲܿһƬԼء
οħʵһ֮ϣ񾳽ħӵĿ¡
磬֪౾ѹʲôطҶ޼ʵ
֪Ҷ˵ͷ
ãҾһݴ񣬰ƿħ
˵ţҶ޼ȼջ壬֮Ԩвӡǣһ뱾ںϣҶͿɽеӡǣƿǵ񾳽ħ
ף㿴Źѹʲô
Ҷ罫ӡǵħӡ֮Ѫ͹ѹĹŹٻ˳ʵ
а
ڵϣѹŹɵͭŹףҶ޼üͷɵһ£Ӷһֱۣ˹ɣ˹Źס
໡
׸ǿ˲䣬һëȻĹڹŹһȫźɫħ˫ۿնüĴź֮ѪĹڹŹ
ԭǽʬ֮ħɡҶ޼һϳӵʵ磬Ϻö治٣ħɢϢʵﵽħ۵ˮ׼ħбʩطӡʣ޼ѾƲطӡطӡʵҲ൱ħʥܴ󡣡
ڣҽ֮ѪҰƿħɣ
˵ţҶ޼һںϵ֮Ԩǵκ֮Ѫǿڽʬ֮ħвǿƿؽƣƿء


1450 
ףĿǰʵ͵̣ܷ˺ţ򣿡
ƿʵֲĽʬ֮ħɣҶĵ̸һҪ˺ŵĳ嶯
űǿ˺ţͻֱܷӳͻһϵвҪ鷳ǰ¶ԼҲ˺ţ򡣡Ҷ޼ҡҡͷ
ǲ˺ܣҪأҶ粻ʵ
ͨ崫֮ؽ򣡡Ҷ޼˵
崫еͨ򣡡Ҷ۾һ˵
ţҲһܿµ壬Ҳ˲СĴۣҲΪ֮ս˲Ԫûħצ塣
崫УӽĴҲ²ռУͨĴ󡣡
磬Ȼ̲ף򣬻ҪСģҶ޼Ķҽ飬󣬿ɼƮڡ
ףΪҼƮڣ
˽⣬ƮɽʼѩƮǴƮڣЩʵ
ΪƮһأǹض㼫Ϊãգܴ˵㽣һɱɻƽ𽣻꣬ߵ켶ꡣҶ޼˵
ʲôأ
Ҷ֪ӵа꣬ԳԽ½ޣɱɻƽ𽣻꣬Ĺ£ĵ̡
һλĽƮʼĽ֮µĽܸٽ֮壡Ҷ޼˵֪ܣȥƮһ⽣֮壬ǿչ·ͻȻҲò
ףôȥˣǹػ𣿿ƮӦòһ˲͸ذɡҶʵ
İɣ֮ƮһַУ´УƮʧȥ˽ַİ취Բ⣬ǹַڡҶ޼˵ڽַķӡС
˵ţҶ޼ʩչͨһµĵͼӡ뵽Ҷ꺣С
ףƿصͼҲƹַưɡҶ˵
㲻һֻɿճܽһ԰뵽ַСҶ޼ˣʣѾˣڣָͨʣµ·ֻܿԼˡ
ллף
ҶٶʣѶķ
ܿ죬ʮʱȥˡ
ʮУҶͨʵԵͻƣؾ硣
ȻҶ绹޷ͬʱѳѳһȫӵ൱ʵ㹻졣
磬ҵĺӣ׵ӰѾľϾҪɢˣúչԼгһ̤磬һҾԲһ죡Ҷ޼ÿҶ磬õֱۣὫ§˻С
Ҳ֪˶ãҶ޼ӰͻȻˣ޾ĳʧڵ֮Ԩ
ףңҺܿͻȥĸף
ƮĳҶһסĵʹԷĵ
СǼҽ㴫ͳȥƯ˹ʵ
뿪ɡҶһЩҲ˽ˡ
ǣС
˵ţƵ֮Ԩе󷨣γǿĴ֮סҶ͵۾죬뿪˵֮Ԩص˶֮С
Ҷ٣ˣ
Ҷڵ֮ԨʱȺʱɱ¾֮ĺУҶһ񣬹˵
ɱ¾½ôҶ翴ͻƵ弶ս޻ʾɱ¾֮
½һѾƿ˶½һɱ¾֮½Ҷ硣
ܺãҶ˵ͷʥƼϵ㣬гһͻƵս޻ʼޣŵҩٽһͻƵʥ֮
ҶûģһʥƼϵһ͸ɱ¾֮
֮ҶԦ۴Խ˾ǵص磬۾Ǭٻ˳
۾죬ٻؾ̽ĵ̣Ҫ֪ем𡣡ҶȻ֮ս
ǣ
۾첻ʵĴҶֿһӰ˾
۾ֿҶԦۣǰ˰׼ӶΪ׼
ǰ;УŶԴѶͻȻ
ѶдϢҶɫʱ˫͸ŨŨ
û뵽Ѷ֮˻죬û뵽ǰ᪻ʹ
죬ȻôңǾ˽ɣ
ȻҶ֪ڰ᪻ʹ޵ȴԼͻƵǵʥȻ壬ӿ۵ķٶȣƿƺԼٶ᪻ʳǷȥ


1451 Ƽ
᪻ʳǣȨģĳǳ֮һ
ݻҶƿص⽫ڰ᪻ʹԼսҶɢȥһʱ䣬᪻ʳǳΪĽ㣬ʳǵĽ䱸Ǵﵽߵȼ
ʦ˵𣿡
һɫȹţ̰ϸ壬òʸŵŮӣڰ᪻ʳһɫĲУŴľɫص˵
ҶСӵ˽⣬ģŵۣߣһߺɢŵĲˮһ˵Ҳϣ˿»Σա
ʦһҪﳿ硣
ȹŮɫ԰֣ҡϵĸ첲İ
ȷʵĵ̲ŰһϹħʥҵܰʵޡϵ̾ϢһеĹ豭
İɵգѾϵʦʦ˼ڸ·ϣʦ˼ܲµġ
ͻȻһȫںڹУ˺ѿʵɣŹ棬ħ𣚣ڲС
ɡںڹеӣϳݣĸ˵ʲôʱΪܡ
ʦ֮ˣΪǵܲϡ棡˵յĶ棬ŽƯգǸӵͽܡ
̰ݼλǰ̻վ
Ȼǿ֮һ֮ǿҶЩ͸ˣ´Ẓ̌޲ڡ
ɣʲôʱѧˣ
һˬʵڲ̫ϳϺڵԼһС鲼ۣϲƵ߽˲С
׻ǰˣ
ߣգɶվ֮
ţҶСѶжϣϹͷ԰ﵽ׻͵˵ͷ˵
׻֮ĵһˣĵ˰᪻壬ĶС
׻Ҳˣ
ۣ֮ϵ۾˸ŵ֮ɫ˵
׻ͣգɣڵҲڰ᪻ʳ⣬ǲûнǣ᪻
ûϵǾҵҪж˸Ҷ
׻͵ʵǿȴ޷вϹħʥвĵ̣ĵģֻػ
׻͵˵ĵڶ죬ʵĴ˰᪻ʳ⡣
ˣػߣ쾳޵ء
ǻһƷʥػߡ
һʱ䣬᪻ʳǵձÿǰţϹħʥۼԶҡ᪻ĸ
أͻˣ
ϵ׻ͿͽСػ˵ڶЩĽ˵
˳磬ǵǱǶ˶Ԫģ˵
ǶҶСѴǲ֪ЩϹͷܲܰɹⳡΣ
Ȼػʵ뵽ĵ̣׻ͻЩĲ㡣
ҶСǸ֮ˣһܶɹⳡΣ˵
ǲҪˣαɣ
ͻȻһڲȫںڹеħʥ̤գһ
ǡ
ħʥɢĻϢ׻͵ɫ΢䣬¶֮ɫ
ô²ʥݣħʥ¶˹°ıҷǵĵĲСʱ򻹸ҰǸСʥбҪһһնɱˡ
˵ţħʥ̤ǰһȫħ˲㼯羪κһϯ׻͵ˣҪǽ飬¡
ħʥгһͻħ𾳽ڲɣڻʱ򡣡
һɲħʥϢˣϵۣؿڲһذ׵ǰѸӡһƣħɵΣƵħʥĹ
㣡
ͻȻֵħʥüͷɵýһ¡
Ȼ׻͵ˣȴò
Ұǰһսȴհ֣֮ټе顣
ħʥְɣϷҪûʵ˶٣
ȫĵ۹һɿµӿ壬ڽУΧĿռ˲塣
񣬽Ҹӣǣ᪻ʹʥ޻أħʥԥһ£ûгֹһݻ˻ص˰᪻ʳǡ
᪻ҲΪĵеһ˿
ڰ᪻ʳǵԽԽʱһҾ޴۳ƺٶȲײǿ󷨽еİ᪻ʳǡ
һײء


1452 ᪴
䣡
춯صıըҶԦ᪻ʳǵ󷨽ײһ𣬾ؾˡ
һ̣˾Ŀע£᪻ʳǵ󷨽Ƴ˵Ѻۣǿ̬ҵİ᪻ʳС
ʦǳԦ𣿡
̵ɴ˫ۣĵһĻŤͷĿɿڴĵյ
Ӧǰɣ
֪᪻ʳǽƵҪֱ˺죬޷󣬶δҶ˺ƻʳǽƵʵ
ߣҲǰɣ
۾б⣬ֱһӣ˲Ѻ۵Ļʳǽƣ˽뵽˰᪻ʳС
죬ˣ
Ҷվڼ۵֮ϣȫ緭Σͦζףð᪻ʳϿյĲ񷶼졣
Ҷ磬һһ֪Ұ᪻Ե³һڸ߳˻ʹ͸޾Ĳ񷣬żٷۣ۾еɱԽԽŨǿƣɱ֮С
ˣ
֮ͨӳһǿһâ񷣬γһž޴У޾Ĺ֮ۡ
䣡䣡
ҶԦۿԽ죬ɵ᪻ʹԵʱ֮ͨγɵмٻһ糱ˮɱ˹ȥҪۺ飬ɱҶˡ
֣
԰֮ͨγɵĹҶ粻ûԾۣ鼶ͼݻ˵֮۳һ֣ϮĹơ
ţǵʥôͻƵǵʥ֮
оҶ籬Ĺȫںڹеħʥ¶˲˼֮ɫ޷Ŷ̶һʱ䣬Ҷʵͳɳ㾳磬ȳɳٶδš
ǵʥ
ħʥľɫҲüΪѿиЩڵҶ˺ʧȥʥƼϵĵ
Ҵ
Ϊ˳Ҷ磬õϵܣ콫һʮ׸ʯϵЮֵߣ׼Ҷ硣
Ǭ󣬸ƣ
ʩչƵ˹ƣҶٻ˶ʮǬ֮Ǭ֮ݻǬ罣һ㹥żٻС
Ǭ͵Ĺ£г˴Ѻۣٵ֮ͨ
ǬǬһ
УҶһǬ֮ںһ𣬻һ޵еǬ֮һеŵƣݺݵնϡ
꣡
һ޴˺
ﵽƷʥ޵Ǭһֱ˺Уݺݵնֻʹ֮ϵ󷨽ϣγ
֮ͨתǬ֣᪴
бҶǿƵֳһ󷨹̣ȼ˰֮ͨǿԼѹİ˿˵֮ھҲĻʹ֮ϻ㼯һа˿ͷ­峤ǧףħ죬Ƶİ᪴ߡ
ǿ᪴ߵ²ϼʥޡ
Ű֮ͨɵİ᪴ߣҶϲû¶һ˿⣬¶ޱǿս⡣
ð᪴߼һԼʵ
˻˻˻
᪴ſ˸Ѫڣ¶׳Ҷ緢˻ħ緢ȷѪһϯ
磬Ҫæ𣿡
᪴߹˲䣬ϵ۵Ҷߣͳʵ
ҪԸ᪴ߣһӡҶҡҡͷη˵
һ𣬴Ѫй֮ںһ𣬷ϮȷѪꡣ
䣡
һ̣Ҷ缤ǱΪǧ׳Ű᪴߷ʯŤӴӭȥڰмս
ϵͨټҶͻƵǵʥ磬ʩչһټڽ᪴߼սδ·硣
̫ǿˣû뵽δСӳɳҵĽĳ̶ȣ
ǰҲû뵽ǰҪǱˣȻ߶ȡ
ǰ֪󵽵վʲôˣ
գڵ˽ĿͶʵǿػ崫гʮ񣬿ʵ
Ҳ֪ôӦҶ½йءŻҶ磬˵
ʦ⶷½бǿ𣿡ЩԾʵ
½ûǰ򵥡ҡҡͷ֮г˯λԼλʵĳ̶ȡ
ʦ˵йأЩ˵
ֻҵĲ²⣬һָоܾҪ⿪ˡ˵ͷ


1453 ޵

Ҷ绯᪴߼ս˰ʱ䣬ƻĲӣѺӡ
ģҶ絽кεս᪴߶ܣ
֮ͨɵİ᪴ߣǰĵ֮һǰ̡
Ҷ绯ȴ߲᪴£ð˸е˲˼飬еһ˿

Ҷ绯ʱޣʱ̣Ҷ缤սǿ᪴߷
һ֮ӰĹ᪴ߣĹӲͷˣӴ˵Ѻۡ
꣬ƣ
ָҶ綯˰꣬Ӳӣ·̺ǺӵĽâݺݵնصİ᪴ϣƿƣ롣
꣬޳˰꣡
ںڹеħʥҶٻİ꣬Ĵ
֪ѶȣҪ˵ȼο⻹ڵ͵ȵĶ½
ڶ½õʲôԵ
ħʥ۾˸ŵ֮ɫҶϵĻԵ¶ŨȤһָоܵõҶϵĻԵ˵лԽѵһ½ͻƵħ֮
죬ʲôֶζʹɡ
ư˰᪴ߣҶڰУ͸˭İ᪻塣
ƣ
Ŀ˸ŵ֮ɫħʥ
ã
Ȼǰʣʵǵλ޷ħʥȣΥħʥ˻ʹơ
ߣҲȥ
ŵգɵˣҲĽƣ뵽ҵĻʹ֮С
ּˣ
ںڹеħʥĿؿҶ磬˵
㲻ɥ֮Ȯ˰ɣ
ȻħʥϹŴܣֱһ磬ӵк֮ѪҶ粢
˵ʱҶһֱͣ˺ۣѻʹȥϣЮ֣Ҷ粻Ŵİ취
Ҷ磬ȻҲ֪Щ㾭ʲôͨ챾ҲûãսĹءħʥɭȻ˵ӿħԽԽǿնȾˡ
ħʥ֮ĶԹɣ
ȻҶʵԾ֪ħʥĿ£³⣬ͦ
ȰòҪ£ȻħͲǲһŤԴˣ
ʵʵħʥ۾бŭؾ
ħʥ֪ôȥˣΪʲôذ𣿡ϵ¶ŨŨĳ֮ɫ
ô㻹뱨ħˣħʥм˵
ɱģҲҪɱЩ壡
˵ţбۻ֮һֻѵʨ¶׼֡
Ҷ磬ҰԼսҽ֮Դ
սһ֮ʣʮ޳ܵвҶ硣
죬ҪſϷ죡
Ҷɫƽ˵޷˼
ܼ򵥣ħʥһսӮ죬£Ѹħʥһµ
ãҴӦ㣡Ҷ붼û룬ʹشӦǰҰɣȥնĹͷ
磬ħʥʵɲ⣬һƷʥ²Ķ֣ѵ
İǰ𹷣ҶԵػӦ̤ճھ֮ϣħʥħʥ
Сӣұɱ㣡
ħʥеħɽ緢Я˲ħڰУһƣҶ硣
һƺǿƵĿռµò˸еϢѡ
꣬ƣ
ҶͫһӳĻ꺣ˮкһħʥħ֮ϣһƿħʥĹ
ħʥҶ
˵ţҶȼ˺ѪȫǱȫһɺԶϵϢ͸壬˲ͻǵʥޣﵽǵʥ硣
ţʲôѪ
оҶ˲䱩ǵʵļµѪ֮ħʥ¶֮ɫԥٻ˼Ʒʥħ֣֮Ҷ硣
赣ƣ
ȼպѪҶʱӵ޾ٵ鼶ͼȫĻԴԴϵӿ뵽Уƾ۳ɱһеħ֮ӡĴӡײһ
䣡
ƷʥĹײһ𣬿µ񷣬ְ᪻ʹĽƲѺۡ
赣Һ䣡
һ֮ҶԴԴĵӿ뵽Уƾ赼žɱϵعħʥ
ģôܣ
⵽ħʥĹƱ˲ѹˣ޷ţҶ羹ܺ޹˼ɵĿƼƷʥ
¡¡
ıûʹе˶Ĥۣв˱߿Ѫֻʶӡ
ۣ
ħʥԵʵӲʮξ赹ҲֲסһѪ׹ݺݵ˵ϡ


1454 Ҷ磬棿
ħʥˣ
û뵽ħʥħʥôˣܵ¶˲˼֮ɫиǲһ˿
¯ѹ
شħʥҶ˼Ʒʥ¯Ϭ꣬¯ѹħʥҪ֮ʣɱ
ħ֣֮أ
¯ѹħʥƣħֲ֮ϵرץסѹ¯
Ҷ磬ס֣Դ
ħʥڰشҶɱ޷ʧ֮£ֻܼвҶ硣
죬ոǲѾԼãһħʥͷ죬ѵҪʾ㲻Ҫ
ҶŭſԴвԼ죬˵
Ҷ磬㻹ô棡ȥˣһֹͣϵ
죬Һܺã
ԴѪ죬Ҷ۾б֮ɫŭ죬ջ¯
Ҷ磬ԣעʧߣЦһ˵Ҷ磬Ͱ˵ȥҲԴǹ·ôƯСˣ𣿡
죬ҺĹϵûôҶԺ˼תУ£ģؽɱ᪻ˡ
𣿡
˵ţһָϣһĵʹ˲䴫ȫȻмѡ

ո۾ͻȻоһɥĲ˺·鲻Խ
Ҷ磬ڵ컹֮㲻ԹǾͱҵڶ׵ӣôƯһСˣ˷ܣḧ첼˺۵ĺ󱳣׼˵
Ҷ磬Ҫңߣ
ɫҰ׵죬ԶҶ磬ͻȻ󺰵
ϣû뵽ǻ⣡һץסմѪյĳҶ磬Ҹʮʱ䣬ҪôԹҪô㿴һϷ
ˣȰòҪǿоˣұ֤ʹ࣡
ҿ£
ʹధ죬ҶһͻȻ뵽ǬС
Ҷʧüͷ΢΢һ壬ʼ
סԴ΢΢ʼʱҶ뿪Ǭ죬ӮˣҪʲô
ܼ򵥣ԶȫϵȫĵҾͷ¶ݵЦݣ
ɳ磬ĻţԶϾҲȲ죡ɫ΢΢һ䣬æ˵

䣬ٴ˺·¶ѩ׵ļͲѪ۵ۡ
Ҷ磬أ´һὫȫ·ȫǹ⣬ڳ˺ú¡ؾ
ãҿԶȫľ뷢ģԶϾ죬ֻǿˣҶһ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪôɵĻûģ
ӿ۾һ߷һߴ
죡ɫһͷŵ˵ãģֻҪԶϾ
ɳ磡
һҶߣץļ
ץҶ˲䣬۽Ǽһ£ʲô
ǰҲ£Բˣ
ҶѸ񽻻һһڽ̴Уһ졣
ÿһȫľᱬѪ͸ȫĽʳȾ˵档
ҶΪԸԱ̣޳ˣգɵ˸ǰֹĳ嶯
ûзûţѪ۾ضҶıӰ֪ǷŤתǬֶΡ
أ
ҶһѪӡ߳ʮʱ˫һֱӹڵϡ
죬ңԶ
Ҷ˫سڵϣĿ¶죬˵
ѸƲħʥһ£ͻȻҶ硣
ʱħʥͬһʱ֣Ҫô˻ɱҶ磬Ծ󻼡
죬գ
Σʱ̣Ҷһ˺۵촫͵ǬС
ʧ˲䣬ȴԼ¶棬ӲӲħʥֳħֱ֮Ĺ
䣡
Ʒʥħֺ֮ݺݵӡҶؿϣ۵ͬʱؿڡ
һ̣ħ֮ӿ˴񱩵עҶУ
磡
ħʥҶ磬գɵȫɵˣΣȥ

ʱȴӶһֱۣǿ쫷磬˵աɵˡ
Сӣµɡ
ħʥѸӡ˵ڶƣݺݵӡҶԴϣԴˡ


1455 ħʥ
ˣˣ
ҶԴһĻ쳤һ¶ײеЦݡ
ǿԴҶͨ챾Ҳ޷
ôˣ
̴һƬհף᲻ܿƵʳ޷ǰʵ
֮ĶԹҲʱˡ
һƻҶԴŵħʥĿͶˣҪ˻ᣬɱˣĸ
ħʥ죬ǲǺܸˣܵ⣡
ħʥ׼ʱһͻȻڻҵĻʹϿƮ
˭˭
ͻȻҶħʥһ𣬵һʱ佫ĿͶԴŽ۵ڵϵҶ硣
ʱĽʧˣѺ۵ҶҲƤӵʧˡ
һ̣ȫҫŵâҶǬ˳
㣬ôû£
ź˵Ҷ磬ħʥɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫǰһĻ
ǲù˼ңЦЦýоͽУȷйˣˣ
Ҷ翴Ц̣͵ħʥ죬ЦЦȵ˵
Ҷ磬Сֶˣû뵽㾹ȻΧعħʥɫת㲻Ҫ⣬Ҿףͨ챾Ҳûá
ףðҾʹװɣ
˵ţҶ̤һޱȵĽӰħʥڰвɱ
ϷѾжûʹˣħʥɱҶ磬ȫѪҺսˣϮɱ᪻壬ħ
ǰڣ룬㣬̶
Ϯɱ᪻ʱҶ罫еİȫٻ˳᪻ѡ
ЩУûǬӰȻ˴᪻ʳǣҶȫ׼
ɣĴħʥǰ
ħʥû뵽ƻȫʧأɴ
ã
ȻĴħʥۼ󣬵غ᪻ʳɹ˼ɲôˣħɽзȥ
ߣ
һ̤ռ𵴣µĵһ˺ҧɣ뿪Ļᡣ
ͻȻ᪻ʹɫֱ̲񷣬ײ۵ĵϣһٷ˾ɡ
ʹƶһ٣ɽٶޣԼٶħɽȥ
֮ԯ֮⣡
ԽԽԶɣüͷ΢΢һ壬ٻԼһ״죬ƽǽƵǵͬһʥ׷ɱɡ
ȻʵԶʤɣ᪻ʹأЩƶԴϹţħ֣֮輫Ʒʥ֮ԯ֮ⶼ޷ڵһʱƿؽƣֻܿɳħɽ֮С
׷ɱʧʱԲᣬΪ׵ռ˾Եƣ쿪˻ʹǿƣϵغɱˣȻֵס͵Ĺа᪻䡣
֮Ѫȼգ
ΪսپɱħʥҶ粻ϧ͸֧壬һȼǿĺ֮Ѫӵ޾ĵ
񣡡
һ̣ҶٴηӵͬսľһһҹħʥȫѹĹƣڽڰˡ
ħ֣֮
Ҷսȣս⵽Ҷ;ˮĹħʥֻܽħ֮ȫ
ܣ
ħʥֳħ֣֮ϧۺɱʱ᲻ɴݵĽܷѳҶ壬˾֮ǰӲħֵ֮Ĺ
Ǭ֮Ǭһ
ҶٻǬ󣬽ڽ˽УŽкصһնħʥòһܡ
ܵ˲䣬ͻȻƽ춯صݺݵײϣһ˿ʧء
¯ѹ
ץסħʥʧص˲ϢҶٻ¯ѹ㲻ħʥ˫ѹڵزУѪ͸˫͸
赣ұ
Ҷٻ˾赣ڵ޾ע뵽У۳ɱϵغħʥ塣
ħ֣֮ҵֵ
ħʥ֪赵ħ֮ھѪħֵ֮ǿֵǰֵ赵ĺɱ
ħ֮ȻͬΪƷʥ⵽赹ȻֵסԽԽǿķ֮ϵغ壬ơ
᪻ħ
ۿħʥֵסɱͻȻѳ˴֮¯Ĺ
ұ
ħʥ˴ס赺¯ʱҶͻȻƽ壬ڽ֮˵ħʥǰķݺݵײϡ
ۣ
ħʥؿڱҶһײֱײˣѪߵķݣݺݵڵϡ
ħʥʱҶ̤ٴαƽ壬ڽ壬ƣֱӽˡ


1456 ħVSĴħʥ
ħʥվħ磬ȥֻذɣ
űԼ򱬣˵صħʥҶǬ֮ںһ𣬽Ű꣬һ޵񽣣ﲻƵĽնħʥ
ҶҪ˵Ļᣬնɱ
ɱң±Ӱɣ
ħʥſͣ³һŲ״ƬľʯײҶնɱһ
ã
ҶնƬʯ˲䣬һɳھʯб籬ʯҶ磬ԲһĿռ䶼ھʯԱ£ˡ
ħݣ
ħʥɨһ۱ħ뾧ըɵҶ磬ƣʩչħҪܣӽħɽ֮С
ͻȻӳǧ׵ħʥͣ˰УѪɫ۾˸ů}˵Ĺâ
ಣ
һ̶ƿ𣬻˵׷ɱ£Ǳ˻
ħʥˣ׷ɱˣħʥ¶һ˿ײ֮ɫɴƿħʥƿرҡ
ǣħʥˣ
ɲΥħʥƿĴħʥıʯħʥ
Ĵħʥǰһƣħʥ۷ʬƶɵɱﵣûֻ֪ɱ¾ʶȫʯƿء
ÿλĴħʥԱʯɼˣԲ򲻵ٻĴħʥС
ݣ
ħʥ豾ʯƿĴħʥʱһĽâ˺ƻҵĿռ䣬ն
һ̣뿪ǬҶ磬˺ݿռ䣬ħʥǰ
ǰǽˣȥǰǣħĸҶ翴һƲ񣬿˵
ĸսǿÿһ˵սħʥ񲻷ĵѵ
İǰа취ԸǣҶŵػӦ
Ĵħʥ˺
ħʥĿݵضҶ磬޲ó⣬Ѫ
ĸ»Ұ͸ôģʲôǽʬеߡ
ҶЦһٻѹħɵͭŹס
ͭŹʱһɸӿ£ӾħڹŹ˳·һֻԶŵħˡ
һ̣ͭżףȫŨŨ˫ۿն˸׹ħ˹Źס
Ȼħطӡ޷ǿʵȻԷħʥ۷ս
ʬ֮ɣ
߳ͭŹ׵ħɣħʥϵЦˣ۾ǵɵùԲ
ĴħʥȻǿսﵽǵʥ۷壬ԶԶﲻɵˮ׼ɵĽʬʵٴﵽħˮ׼
ħɣǣҶħ´˱ɱ
ţҶֽһֻɽ棬ĳʣĻĳٻ˳᪻巢Ĺ
ֱ᪻͵ֵסԲᣬڣ׻Ϊ׵֣ɽ棬ĳʹʧء
İ᪻ɥɽ棬ĳ˺ҧ⣬ʬ޴档
໣ѪҪѪ
᪻⵽ʱħɷ˼ײеĺ˲а֮Ĵħʥ
¡¡
ħĴħʥĹײһ𣬱춯صıըϯҰؾ䡣
ȻħʵӡĴħʥǿ̫ˡ
ǿħ˺ƿռĻ֮ħɼĴħʥ͵Ĺһ֮ѹĴħʥ
磬Сģ
ĸؿһħɣһɱ˰֣᪻¾
ħʥˣ㣡
ĴħʥħȫѹƣƱתħʥ⣬ʱɳҽһ˿˿ħĹʵݸ
ħʵ
ɵĹʵħʥüͷ΢΢һ塣
ħʵһĹʵ̺ǿа֮ºɽа֮еǱʵ
¶ħʵĸܴͬ󣬷º󲻵͸֧Ԫ޷ˣûаʱ븴ԭ
֮ʣħʥ˲ôˣ̺ؿһɣѸٽŶħʵ̵˶С

ħʵ뵽ħʥУڻˣͷų嫵а֮ڽ壬ٵʵ޽ӽһħս

ʵǣħʥ͵һ̤գ̤˵Ѻۣ޾ħ˺ƻҵĿռ䣬Ҷ硣
䣡
ħʥҶײһʯҶײſµҶϵײ˵Ѻۡ
ţôô࣡
оħʥǵʵһ˿Ҷ¶֮ɫ
᪻ħ
սѹҶ磬ħʥһ˲û˵ħӰʰΧ״ΧҶ磬
ʥر䣡
Ҷһʥ˲ȼա
ţҶںʥѪ飬ʵ۷壬ӭһħӰȥԵһħӰ
ħ֣֮
ۿҶɱΧħʥһӰҶǰֳħ֣֮͸ؿռ䣬ӡҶ硣
䣡
ħ֮뵲Ҷǰյľײһ𣬲ǿķ֮ߺҶϣӲ˻ȥ
һ̣ߵħӰҶ緢µĹ˲佫ˡ


1457 ɱħʥ
ɣ
Ҷ类ع˲䣬ȫſħħʥֱϣħ֮ھѪħֵ֮ױȵѹȸУݺݵӡҶ硣
ҶʵȻ£ħ֮ǼƷʥħʥʮ꣬ͨɷǿ
Ҷ类ħֻ֮УǿҲᱻ顣
ȼգ
Σʱ̣ҶȼǧԪ֮Ӳ˵ʥ޼ʱӵһǵ𾳽ʵ
һǵʵֲ̫ʩչҶ޷ȫԦ¾粢ȶ
¯飡
Ҷ罫޾¯У̶ȼ¯¯һŹ̵ӭȥħ֮ײһ
ǣ
ħ֮ǿȴֵסӵϬ¯¯͵ײ£ħ֮ӡӡӲײˡ
ţƷʥ·ӵһ㣬ڰмҶԳ
ʲôʲôطͨôôǿ
¶ħʵħʥʵﵽħʥޣҶʱʵҪǿҪֲ

Ҷһֱ˺˿񱩵Ļ籩ƽħʥٻǬγ˿µĽֱӽϯ档
ħʥ
⵽󣬿ƷʥǬ󹥻ħʥʩչǿħγɿµѹ֮ǿѹŽŽ
ʥڣ
ǬħʥǿѹʱҶӿնϣеƷʥʥٻУں˰Ǭͼһն˺ƽħʥ
ħ
Σʱ̣ħʥ۳ߴ࣬ŹħħӰӭȥȫֵҶһ֮
ͣ
һ̶˺
Ҷһһ˺ħӰﲻƵݺݵնħʥն˸ħʥ˫۵Ƭһն˳ȥ
ţ鼶ͼֳ壬ݻɿµĵĩգ֮ɱħʥһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ħ֣֮
ʱҶʵֲ̫ħʥѪ֮ȼյ£ֵסҶ糱ˮĹƣҪǿнħ֮ٻС
ʱ¯ѹݺݵѹħ֮ϣֱӶħʥɱﵡ
ͨԽţ׮֮¯
¯ħ֮ʱҶ罫֮ݵ£ϵʩչͨطʥɱħʥơ
Ĵħʥ
ԽԽأħʥֻǿнĴħʥٻ
ħɵʵֲٿͭŹ͵Ĺ̩ɽѹһ㲻ϵغĴħʥǾԮħʥĻᡣ
Ž裬ͨ£
ħȫĴħʥʱҶӻһ£йſµĽ⣬ĿѣĴ֮裬ݺݵħʥ˺۵ֱϣ˼ӲޱȵĺɫƬֱ
ħݣ
ֱ۱ħʥˣԥʩչħݣһħҪܡ
Ǭ󣬽ռ䣡
ҶһʮǬ֮ٻգħʥܵ·ߡ
ħˣң
֮ʣħʥűƺͺڵħɽ
˭Ȳ㣡
˵ţҶں˰꣬ӻһɫ⣬ϯžʮأݻŴնʧȥ۵ħʥ
飡
ܵҶһĻ֮ħʥ˻𣬼Ǳݻ鼶ͼʩչɱУҶںϰһ֮
ħʥǱķ£Ĺ缫ޣټҶʵԶʤħʥһ֮£ħʥʩչĴɱвϱƣǱҶһ壬˵
࣬ⳡ־ǲǿԽˣ
һ񣬹ϵħɽһֻɫַħɽٶȼץҶ磬ֹɱħʥ
˵ˣ˭Ȳ
Ҷħɽħ͵Ϯںɫץʱƾ赸գ۾ɱ֮˺ɫ֡
һ̣Ҷ˼صħʥǰʮڽػħʥ壬ϴ塣
࣬ٲֱ֣ͣɱ䣡
ħɽеħ𷢳˷ŭµÿռҵĲ
ռ켣𣡡
Ҷħľ棬Ӷ뵽켣Уħʥһ
أ
㲻ħʥҶ罻ڰĽâУֱӱˡ
Ժе꣬ҲµĽӲˡ
ħʥɣ
࣬ıɱǣ
оħʥҶɱħɽеħŭˣڳ˯
һ̣ĳȡħɽ뵽Уѹ޷ϵˡ
ħɽħѣٴηת


1458 Ϲħ
ǰħɽеϹħˣȫݻٰ᪻ʹ
Ҷٻľѹסħ֣֮սǬУ
ȻϹħʵ£ҶʩչȼǧԪ¶Ƕ֣Ͳ˺֣Ϲħ׷ɱ
ã
˵ͷֳ֮ԯ֮⣬ĹɱܵͬʱݻŰ᪻ʹһϵĹ᪻ʹƻĲӡ
꣡
ڰ᪻⵽֮ʱħɽؽˣһ׵ĺ蹵ħɽӡ
Ϲħˣ뿪
ҶȻʱӵеʵ粢ȶûмɱ¾ȥƮŨŨѪϢİ᪻ʹͻΧ
Ĵħʥסǣ
Ʊסһɴ
һۣĴ䣬ʹѪɺӣ뵽ԼѪһֻڵѪ޲ýҶǧС
ߣ
Ҷ籩һħᣬڣ빥ǵĴħʥ
ݵĵٵںϣ뵽˰У޾ڽӳӳգ缱ӣݺݵݻʥĴħʥ
䡭
춯صıըԲ֮ڶţֲķ籩ռ䶼ҡ
ڰ깥£һħʥ屻µĽ뵽Уǧٿס
ұ
ţҶȼʥ𣬱ʮڽһȼŻʯݺݵײħʥϣֱӽѺ۵ײˡ
˫̣
Ҷǿײһħʥ˲䣬ҲʩչǿĹݵ£۳һ˫̣ݺݵغһħʥϡ
꣡
˫̹£ħʥȫʧأӲ飬ݺݵײħʥϡ
֮ԯ֮⣬֮ħ
߸Ծʩչطͨǿн˿µ֮ڽ֮ԯ֮Уһصħʥˡ

ϹħʥҶ˺飬ҪϹħʥٻɸˡ
ȥˣһɣ
ҶǬſռ䣬ħʥ뿪·
ţᣬڣ׻͵˷׷׿ƸǿʥϵϵغǶ˵壬ơ
Ƕ
ҵħɽٴ˷ŭĳХһֻӿ£źڹĴַɳħɽץҶˡ
裡
һ߰¯ںҶԴԴעĵ¯ײ˺ɫϣס˺ɫֵĹ
赣𣡡
Ҷֽ޾ڽУ۳ɱݻ޵еɱϹħ
ɱ֮Ҷעžɱ
޹˼ɣϿƼƷʥħ
Ҷƾȫʱ񣬲ᣬڵҲ׷ʩչǿʥͺϹħ
Ҷ͹£ϹħԽԽأձ˺塣
壬Ǽŭˡ
Ĵħɱʱҵħɽиֳһʮ׸ߣȫħ죬ؾħӰ
ǰ磬λֵħ뿪ھϣ
ħӰͷŵĻħҶɵ뿪
磬°Ը
ŵشԼԼذ׵Ϲħû뿪
ã
Ҷ˵ͷƻľѹЩʧصĵ׼ӲϹħ𣬸ɵ뿪ȡʱ䡣
ʦܣౣأ
ɵ˵˵ͷԾ˵ٻһۣԼٶҵİʳȥ
һ
Ϲħ𿴵ռԦ뿪ĳһƣݻŴ·صĴָץ˷ٶȼۡ

һ߰ھ
Ҷ޾£ɱϮϣϹħ𣬵ֵסϹħ̽Ĵ֡
磬Ϲħʵֲܿ´ﵽһǵޣǲУ뿪ǵֵ
ŷŭͷϢϹħص˵
İǰº֣УǴ뿪
ʱҶ罫Ǭ棬Ӧʱ鷳
ã
۾һ˼ܵҶӵͣҶֶΣ԰
ôĹҴ˶ħսбҪĴС
ħɽ֮ѹסƣϹħѪɺӵİ᪻ʹϿգĿ׶ؿϳ
ħڵĶ½ѾԭĶ½ʱˣ
ϹħйĿɷԵػӦ
úúãǱͿЩϣ죡
Ϲħ˫б⣬ֳһƴﵽƷʥȼķ컭ꪣ޾ħնɱҶˡ


1459 սϹħ
䣡
Ϲħеķ컭ңֱϵ¯ײһ𣬱˺Ʋ
ǬǬһ
ϹħԵʵҷ¯ʱҶǬ֮һ𣬻һʮɳľ޽ںŰ꣬ն
ߣϾϣԶ˴
Ϲħһֳַ컭ꪺݺݵǬ޽һǬ޽ұˡ
Ϲħôôǿ
ҶȼպѪʩչʱҲӵеս֣ϹħչֵսԶԶʤҲ˺
˫̣
ϹħҶɱʱðտϹħ˫ˮݻһ˫̣Ϲħĺ󱳡
ͻȻϹħĿռ䷢壬صĵֵס˫̡
ħҪħѪ
ħɿն۾˸˲׹⣬Ϲħ𣬸߸߾ͭŹף˹ȥϹħ
ȻϹħսԶʤħɣħɵ̫ǿټڷӡϵػϹħĹһʱ䣬ϹħҲ޷ħɡ
ɣǾȻʵշһɣ
Ϲħֳַ컭ꪣһδҷħɣȴ޷ʵԵ˺ɫˣȫ
׮
ϹħħɼɱʱҶ罫鼶ͼݵ£۳һʮɸߵ׮ڽѹ֮Ϲħ塣
񣬲ᣬҲʱƸԵʥʥ͵ĹҪ֮ѹϹħ
໣
⵽Ϲħ쳤ХһһɳҶб緢Ļɽֱ̲񷣬ϵطҶ˵ĹϮʥʥ˳ȥ
赣Һ䣡
ͨ˺ϹħֺҶ罫޾ע뵽Уƾ赲ϵر󣬸ռ䣬ϵžɱӰϮɱ£Ϲħ
Ѫħɽѹ
ɱϮϹħٻƷʥѪħɽѪѪħɽϵرѹһצݻŴľɱž赵Ĺ
˫̣ת
ϹħսΪش֮壬۳޴˫̣ǿתϹħ𣬷ɢĹ
ħѪȼգ
⵽ϹħҲеѹòȼǿħѪһʵ
ȼħѪ˲䣬ڵзļòħɽѹơ
¯һײ
Ϲħħɽ֮ȫʱҶ罫ɺԵĵֱע뵽˾赺¯УƷʥ͵Ĺ
ƷʥͬʱҶ绹ʥںһ𻯳֮ŭɱϹħ
Ͽռ䣡
Ϲħ𱻳ˮĹûʱʩչĿռ򣬸ΧĿռ䣬ع
ţˣ
¯ǿײռ켣ʱҶķ֣Ϲħ𲻼ˡ
ã
ͻȻҶоԳΣգ붼û룬̤ʮٶҪ㡣
ϹħĹٶ̫죬Ҷܿķ컭ꪾ˹˵ٶҶ޷ڶӦֻܱܵıʮڽֳֺʥз
أ
յķ컭ꪻкʥʱϵطźʥгʮڽɹɿµ͸ʥ뵽Ҷ˫УƷʥֱòѺۣѪܿƵʳ
ҶʧأϹħֱӴӰ棬ҳһӡ
ȥɣ
Ҷ˵أֿƸԵʥ壬Ҫɱ
ѣ
ѪҶͫһǵʥ걬γ˿µѣֱ֮Ӻֻ꺣У˺ǵ꣬ͷʹѣ߿Ѫ
꣬𣡡
ţҶ꺣һٰâ˰ܵ壬ǻɱ
ҶոɱܣϹħѪħɽֱӽҶħɽ֮¡
硭
񿴵ҶδӳѪħɽѹһ¶˵֮ɫ
İ񣬳бֶΣϹħɱ
Ǿʶǵģ˵
ȻϹħٻѪħɽħʱҶ뿪Ǭ̤ǬͼϹħ
šռ֮û뵽ȵ͵ȵĽУ㾹ô߼Ŀռ֮
ź˵Ҷ磬Ϲħüͷһ£Ҷƿؿռ֮ķ
ΪĴɱϹħƿŲĵơ
Ҷ˺ϮʱʩչǿĵƣһɫħƳ壬ƿ£ٻգҶȫϯħ֮С


1460 
ʲô
⵽ɫħ⹥Ҷ緢Լ岻ϵ飬ڣᣬʥ޸أæǴͻǬС
ħ¯
Ϲħ˫ֿŤҶ˵ħٵۣ۳һɫ¯ҪҶ˻
赣ƣ
վҶ޾ĵע뵽УһƵľɱ͹ħ¯
Ҳʱֳ֮ԯ֮⣬ϵʩչɱУҶһ𹥻ħ¯ҪͻΧ
Ϲħʩչħ¯Ҷ֣һʱ䶼޷ƿħ¯
¯Σʱ̣Ҷ罫¯ٻ˻˺۵ǰҪҽ͵ҵĿռ䱦УȻǴ뿪
˵꣬Ҷһ͵Ǭţ˴̣ͷųǿĴֱ֮Ҷʧˡ
ܣ
Ŵ뿪Ҷ磬ϹħȻŭʩչطʧѪɺӵİ᪻ʹȫ׷ɱҶˡ
ʣ˵ħɱҶС𣿡
Ҳû뵽δҶ磬ڶ̶ʱ䣬ɳزһֽ᪻Ԩ
İɣħ޵磬ǸСǱɣɫˮ˵ˣҲնҰ᪻ĴУҰ᪻Ĵܺ
ÿٶȣ
Ҷ紫͵һʱݵԸоϹħϢ޷ٶȱƽæ˵ڶẈ̂ǧ֮⣬ȺʱȺɽеǬˣɽ֮ȥ
ոշɳɽҶƽһڵĳУ뵽ǬС
磬û뵽㾹Ȼȿռ䱦̫˳Ծˣ
ǬۼɾһĻžɵ͵
ⱦҲڻԵɺµõģҶ΢΢һЦ˵
˵꣬Ҷ罫ǿŲٹ̵˶УָȼյǧԪ֮飬ٵػָơ
ҶǬʱҶĸ֪͸Ǭ֪ϹħϢïʢɽС
ϹħֶιȻ£ô̵ʱ䣬Ȼ׷
Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫԺвϵ˼ԸϹħİ취
˼һᣬҶ۾һ뵽һսϹħİ취Ѹ뿪ǬϹħոոӦʱ˵鴫̣ʧںӵס
ţֽ˵Ŀ飬鴫̣ڰԵ
ۣ
ʱϹħ׷ɱҶٻۣע˴Ʒ쾧ٶȼǵȥ
Լһʱ󣬷ٶȼ۳ھǵ⡣
Ҷ²һϹħʩչֶΣԼԼٶ׷ˡ
ǵƣ
ҶٶȲֱӴ˾ǵڶ½ԦԼٶ򶫺ȥ
СӣȰ㲻ҪνˣݵأҲӹ׷ɱ
Ե˾ǵϹħڶ½˼ٷɳ۵ۣײе
׷˵ɣ
ҶʾķƷ쾧Ͷ뵽У۲ϵؼ٣򶫷
䡭
Ϲħ׷ɱҶʱϵغһǼɱУҪ۷еٶȡ
Ծɱ䣬ݻǿݻ£ҶǰжϳϹħĹ켣۽㡣
Ϲħ۶ʱ֮ľʱҶ粻ϵٻʥ飬ʩչ֮ŭй
أٷɳ۵ʻ˺һɫͷĶϿա
أ
Ľ
ҶԦƽ˱̲Ķ֮УϹħ붫˲Ϣ뵽Ǭ
ţˣ
׷ϹħҶϢʧˣڵüëšһͷǿ
Ǭؿռ䣬ǬĸãټܺˮӰ죬Ϲħһʱ䲢δǬλá
Ѱһʱ䣬һʱϹħ𲻵ò뿪Ƭ򣬿ٵ붫ѰҶ䡣
Լʱ䣬Ҷ뿪Ǭٻڶзɳۣ޴½ȥ
ŷţϹħϢٴγ֣ԶҶûмٶȣҲûжأڶзɳۡ
ٷ˴ʱ䣬ϹħԵʵٶȣҶ֮ľ룬ҹ
Ѫȼգ
⵽ϹħҹҶϵȼպ֮Ѫٻ赣һ߼һ߿ƾ۾ɱϹħ𣬲Ļᡣ
ôܣڵĵô޽ߣ
⵽赹Ϲħˣ޷ƼƷʥ
ھ赿ը£ռ䲻飬ϹħǱˣҶץסᣬ޴½ȥ
ֹ˴Լʱ䣬ʩչֶκ͵ƵҶ磬͸ҷĴ󺣣ڿޱߵ޴½


1461 սϹħ
󣡡
ɽ޴½ҶѸһ鴫̣׷ϹħƤӵʧˡ
⴫뿪޴½ʱµģû뵽ó
Сӣݵأұɱ㣡
ۿ׷Ҷ磬ȴֱƤӵߣϹħը˷Σ޷Ƶŭµ죬÷Բʮռ䶼졣
͵ǧ֮⣬ҶתɻϢһ·ԼٶǷȥ
Լһʱ䣬ٶȼҶԽ˼ǿУڰյǡ
ƣ
Ҷ˺ؿռƣյһָµָâֱ˺ǹĽƣһȱڡ
ʲôˣ
Ҷո˺ƽƽ뵽ǣŭؽƻķǣϮɱҶ硣
ҶӶһֱۣµĵ֮羪κˣ˷ϮĽƷϣֱӽһſŷˡ
ǧٳң
ǿƵǽƹҶۻϿ
һ̣ǣոͻս޻ûõǧһǸ߲㣬ڰС
Ҷ٣
ڰеҶ磬͸˭İǧĪһæǰ
ǧǿĽƣȻǾ뿪Ҷ粻ݿܵ
ǣҶ١
ǧȻ⣬ȴûжʣҶָʾתǵľ񣬲ǿ󷨽ơ
Ǵת뿪ʱ޾ĺâĳˮԶϮԾ˵ٶǷ򿿽
ûκ˲뿪ǣҲУ뿪
׷ɱϹħҶ綣һӳǣڰУؿԽԽħϹħ
Сӣôˣ
ű˫֣̤վȴԼҶ磬Ϲħ۾ͶŨŨ֮ɫ˵
ҿط֮ĶԹɣҶ΢̣ԵػӦ
Сӣֶ֪β٣绹Ҫȭͷ˵ġ
ϹħɨһڰеǣЦһµߵƲ㶼ɢˡ
ÿµϢĿ࣬һս׵źƲϹħĴŤͷǧܸоս֮˵ʵ𣿡
Ҹо˵ʵ³Խļޣﵽ޷ĳ̶ȣǧɫص˵
ǳսʤ𣿡ɫ΢䣬һǵ˵
Ҷ٣ս޲ʤģ
ȻǧԱԿƣѱҶ۷ᶨ˵
ˣϷԽˣȥɣ
˵ţϹħպһȭµȭâ˲˲񷣬ҷųĺâҶ硣

ȭâϮҶ̤ʮٶȣ۷壬ܿϹħһȭ
ȴϹħһȭ£һ޴ĺڶ
Ѫȼգ
ܿϹħ𹥻Ҷϵȼ˺Ѫʵ˲Խǵʥﵽǵʥˮ׼
ţںʥѪ飬ʵǵʥޡ
ûõģЩͽ޹磬Ҿ޵еĴڣûǱĶ֣
ȻҶʵʥ֮ʵ̫ҶսȻ޷вϹħ
Ǿ޵нɣ
˵ţҶǵĴ֮ںǵһʵԽǵʥӵһǵʵ
š
Ϲħüͷ΢΢һ壬Ҷ΢ı仯ǹڵǡ
ԭˣ˵ôǧӵԭǻ顣
Ϲħɫٵʱ䣬ٻƷʥ컭ꪣͬնһΡĴɽҶ硣
ʮ֮
Ϲħֶ컭Ҷ缤Ѩϣ£ֳƷʥʥӭȥ
䣡
ʥײһ𣬿µΪ֮շ·֧˴ݡ
ȻǵʩչҲֵܵסϹħĹ
ӲϹħķ컭ꪣҶ粢δ·磬Ĵ󶨣̤ɱϹħҵɱ
ˣ
һδεײ·ؼһӣ졣
ƴɱԿ죬ǿսǿʾԡ
ǽֵĿռȫ飬·ĩһ㡣
ֲһĻǵǧˣӲĲ


1462 شħ
ǿ̫ǿˣû뵽δʵﵽ̶ȡ
ǰ֪ﵽ˺εȾ磬ܷ֮գ
ǧ۷׷ʱҶٻ˾赣ԴԴϵעžǿ۳ɱݵĿռд󣬺ɱϹħ
飡
Ϲħһֳַ컭ꪣſµħ˲ҳ˾ꪣſռ䣬˾ɱµĹӲ˾ɱĹ
һֹҶ޽ߵĵע뵽Уž赳ϵعϹħ
Ϲħʵǿȴֵסϵع趯컭ꪷ͹Ʊȫѹƣħеڽڰˣա
ģôܣʵôüƷʥϵʲôܣ
žɱըƿʼ𽥼صϹħŭ죬ԴҲ벻ҶΪ˵죬ȫ֪
Ѫħɽ
ֵס赹ϹħѰٻѪħɽѪħɽǿһŤգХľɱ
¯ѹѪħɽ
ϹħѪħɽΣʱҶٻ¯¯һھѪϬ꣬ײѪħɽ
䣡
Ʒʥײһʯײʯ쾪
Ǭն
ƷʥҶײջΪһƬʱʮǬ֮Ҷ壬һʮɳǬ֮˺˻ҵգ޵еĽݺݵնϹħ
Ǭ󹥻˲䣬ɱٴû赣ڻҵкХǰУϵغϹħ壬ӲӰк˵档

Ž裡
ĩ֣
ͨԽţ
ȼպѪӵ޾ҶԺ޹˼ɵʩչʥϹħ׹˲䣬ҶʩչĴʥ׹ĵҳһ޴ĺڶŷĵ涼
Ǭ𣡡
ɹϹħҶǬͬµĽ꣬ϵع׵ĺڶϹħһ˿ϢĻᣬд
໣
һײеھҲĺڶ
˵Ϲħ̶ȼѪ֮һȫڣħӰֳ壬쳤ХӲһ׹Ǭ֮ҶĹ
Խţ
ϹħӰ͹ֳڶʱҶѸ̤һţµĽӡ·̤ųʮڽݺݵ̤ϹħӰϣµ̤˵Ѻۡ
ţɱӰзӶ£ݻηĴ֮ݺݵغϹħӰϣֱӽѺ۵ϹħӰˡ
ۣ
ϹħӰ飬Ϲħ⵽ħɣѪѪ߰ߡ
赣ɱ
Ҷ˫˵ؿеϹħ𣬽޽ߵĵע뵽УžɱɱϹħƱҪɱ
ռ֮ռ䣡
һټأϹħʩչǿĿռ򣬸ΧĿռ䣬ž赵Ĺ
κξ赵Ĺ̫£ϹħĿռˣ壬Ϲħ⡣
ǰǰ룬ڣٳң
Ϲħƴȫ趯컭ꪣɱʱҶٻĴ֣һ𹥻Ϲħ𣬲ͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
ħ£
ȻϹħû뵽Լڶ½Σ֮ţһѪг˴ħӰգҶ˵Ĺ
Ϲħʩչħ£ǿк俪Ҷ˳ϷĹʱͻȻ뵽һĿռ켣Уѱٶȣȥ
Ҫ׷ˣȫѹ⼫Ʒʥ
Ҷ²⣬ϹħϻкܶǿĵƣԼƿصԻɱûȫ׷ɱˣѹ¯ҺɱѪħɽ
ֻҪѹѪħɽ͵ڶϹħһۣ´ϹħԼвСܶࡣ
¡¡
֪ϹħٻѪħɽ궯һѪ뿪
⵽Ҷ˿ըѪħɽϱһʱ޷ͻΧ뿪
ľѹ
ʱҶٻ˱֮ľľѹѪħɽ֮ϣǿѪħɽķ֮
֮꣡
ѪħɽҶ˿һѹʱʩչطͨǿ֮ѪħɽһɱѪħɽеħлѪ
Ҷ˳ϵع£ѪħɽеѪˣϹħĲлҲ֮飬ȫɢ
գ
ѪħɽΪ֮Ҷ鼶ͼӡսǬС
ʱҶӵĴƷʥܽȫ޾֧£ܱصвϹħ


1463 Ʒʥ
ǧΣѾԹرǽˣ
Ҷ翴һ֧飬žѹǽƣ
Ҷ٣
ǽʧʱǧΪ׵Ǹ߲׷ǰ
˵ҶոϹħһսչ¶ʵȫǣǴη
ǧҽǽˣӽǵ³ϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ҶǧﻹǱȽģ뿪֮ʣǽǧ
Ҷ٣ұ֤Ǹӵķ٣ǧᶨŵ
ǧж㣡
Ҷ˽̸˼䣬ǧﺰһߣһʥƼϵʥһƷʥ͸úչ˰ˡ
һҶǱˣ뿪ǣԦȥ
磬һ׼ôߣ
ȻػߣȴϵҶϣҶϿϣ
׼ȥǰϣȥʳǣҶ
ҪϹħ֮ʣ۾ƿؾսԸңŻһյ졣
ȥʳǣüͷ΢΢һ壬ڹϣѲɻս
ǰµһö壬öһЩ£ҶûнԼļƻȫ
ҪЩʲô£ʵ
ǰ֪мɼڶʱƾͻƵ֮
شͻƵ֮ĵλ
ͻƵ֮εȵĿϷǵʥѾʮ꣬ʼ޷Խһ̾Ϣһ
Ҹǰһʥأ
Ҷһȡһޱʥݸ
ʥ
Ҷĵʥסˣž޲¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
磬㾹ȴ˵еĵҩ
޷ĵļʥа˳ɰգ˺ƾƿͻƵ֮
ʥڻԵɺµõģҶ΢΢һЦڣ͸ǰˡ
磬ݶϷûӹʥм˵ϷͻƵ֮ٽ֮ϷĶĸ
ǰһͻƵ֮ʱǰӻ𡣡
ô磬򣿡Ҷ绰˼ɫ΢΢һ䡣
ţƽ磬նҾͻ򣡡Ҷ˵ͷ
磬Ȼʵǿűʵ˺ܣпܷ⣬һҪ˼˵ҷûǰãҪͷʼеţ֮꣬ʤ
նڶ½㽫ľף˾ֺαȥðأ
ףҶ˵ͷ־׷۷壬жΣյȴңҶͣ׷۷ĽŲᶯҡ׷۷
磬֪Ϊʲôͣȡɾ͡ǵ˫б⣺Ҳһ̤֮ۡ
εɫĶ֮ϼٷɳۣڷص;УҶֱڼƷʥħֺ֮ѪħɽеԼľѪ
ҶѪҺں˺֮Ѫʮֵĸ߼ûѴ֮ϳƷʥսУƱ֮д
оƷʥԼϵԽԽУҶҵ졣
죬㻹𣿡
ɫ԰ף²˺۵죬Ҷ¶һ˿ϧʵ
Ҷ磬ллңӽ쿪ʼˣϵɽ»𺣣ҶẬ
Ҷ粻ΣӪԼһĻӡþò
ãúгһգҴȥ򣡡
ҶʮֿأʵһûֶξܰԼܶæ
ãһΪ
Ȼ֪쳣ǺԥӦ
⼸ŵҩ㣬ս޻ʼޣҰͻƵһǵʥ
Ҷûģһʥ׼ʥ͸졣
ھ֮ϼٷɳۣԼʱ䣬۴˾ǵص磬λھԵĲϳǷȥ
ϳҶɵԼ㼯ĵط
ˣ
ڷϳǵ;УһɹɿµϢͻȻйϢ֮ǿԽǵʥޡ
磬ҸоͻҪһطޣȫһǵ𾳽磬Ͳȥˣ
ĵ̱ȰҪֲһҪСģмǲɴ⣬ͻƵһǵ𾳽磬ͻȻҶ
˵꣬ʧڼ۵֮ϡ


1464 ʳ
ϳǣλھԵڣǾشƬҪǳء
ҶһϳʱǿλڲϳһԺеɣյˣ΢΢һʧĲϳ⣬ϳУ˳һϵʯ·Ժȥ
ͣ
ֹԺĽ΢΢һ£Ҷ紩͸ƣֱӽ뵽˹Ժ֮С
ܣ
ڹԺһŻºȾƵ䣬ҶͻȻ֣ӷ˾룬վ˷ܵش󺰵
һ˹ԺˣɫȹʻȻɣɷĽ̷ɱ˹ݣһ˵ֱ˽Ҷ绳С
磬û̫ˣ
§Ҷ壬鲻Խʳ̵۽ǣȾʪס
Ị̇磬û˵ҵ
ḧŽ˳ĳҶο
磬ôӹϹħ׷ɱģ
鲼ۣޱ߷ĵҶߣʵ
ҽϹħһطǰشˡҶ򵥽شϹħľ˳
Сѣû뵽δ㾹ȻӵشϹħʵıϷ۽硣
ʼ׻˹ŲϸϲҶ磬͵˵
лл׻ǰλǰǰŵҩ͸λǰɡ˵ţҶóʥƼϵ͸׻˵
磬ⵤҩǣ
̫ϳϣԵҩУǽӹʥƼϵʱоŵҩ֮Ծʵ
žƵʥƼϵλǰͻƶ½ޣﵽǵʥ֮Ҷ͵
磬ƳʥƼϵˣ
΢΢Щ˵ͻƾ磬ڿٶһ
ţǰʱ䣬ȥһ˾ֵϹҩ԰ʥƼϵҩҶ˵ͷ
磬Ⱥö㲻Ǽ𣿡
Щҵͷ˫ðؿʥƼϵ
ȻУ
˵ţҶóʥƼϵֱ˵գɺͺڵ
ܣ׼ô
ʥƼϵɿʵ
ҪսĻңҶ򵥽ƻɣյˡ
սɲףǶ֮»ܽ׻˵
ףھһöҪӣöӣӦûսҶ纬˵۾Ĵڡ
Ҫʲô
Ҷ粻Ը˵յҲûжʡ
ϣսʱλǰͨƿصҶھպԸ
û⡣
Ҷ׻ͣص˵ͷ
λǰ²˳Ƿͷ°ɣھǰʳǣȻ죬ôѶϵλǰҶûйĵʱ䣬Ҫ췢սû졣
磬ȥʳǣҧһ˵ĺ촽
⡭
磬̸ɣߣȫġ˵
ãȥʳǣҶ뽿̽һ񣬵ͷ˵
һպҶ뿪˲ϳǡ
̣Щô
վ۴ͷƮḶ̌Ҷʵ
ʦҺܺã뾡һа취ҵʵҶϤף۾¶ŨŨҸϣߡ
˵˵ţ̽ԴҶؿϣĬĬر۾Ҷϵ¶ȡ

Ž̶Լ⣬Ҷ̾Ϣһ֪ν
磬㲻Ҫ̫︺Ҳᵢ̤֮۵ĽŲֻĬĬذ㣬㣬˶ѣ
Ҷ˸Ŀ⣬̷·𿴴˼§˵
̣ڶ½úгһʩӵĽƣһ㣡Ҷŵ
ţ
̵˵ͷ¶ҸЦݡ
һᣬ鲻ԽĽ꽻һĸоУ
Լʱ󣬼ٷɳ۵˾ʳΧ⡣
߰ɣǽǣ
Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳Ҷƻ֮⣬仯òɫޣӰ˵ĽҲĳǳؾʳȥ
ôʳǵ¸ϳһ㷲˹˰ɡ
վʮɸߣ͸Ųɣ֮еĳ£ҶԼݣӦʳǣ־ʳǱĻҪһһ㡣
߰ɣҸطţϢ˵
ҶǣŽỬС֣߽˾ʳǣ˳ɽµһɫ˵Ŀջ⣬Я˽ȥ


1465 ɱ¾
֣
߽ջҶ緢ֿջַǷĸԶԶʮݲŮŮۼڿջ͵ĲݵϣѾԻ
ţƯС椣
ҶǣŽỬС֣˳һȣ;ʱһۣ̤ѥ۾ݽյ۾ɵһǵò
Ҳ飬ǸС椵
ӻ˻֣£ݿܵ
ӣ
ӹشβҶˣ˿ջС
һṦӻˣӶϸ˼䡣
Ȼһ˼ɫеˣ
֪ҶͽסģʵҲǿĴϲӣ뿪ֵᣬǰҶͽס᷿
ˣ
һ𣬴Ҷͽ̶С
вģ
ҶεȵǿͶϤӵͼ΢΢̣һ˿ĺ⡣
𣿡
ҶţҡһȣϹŹ°Цݵˣ˵
ͼӣǽѡ΢΢̧Դø߰
ûȤҶػӦһ䣺ذɡ
أɫ˲ת˵
ɲǣ
˵ţҶ˫ֿ磬ֱӿסӵĲӣСһ㣬ֱӽᵽ˰С
ӣ
ΣգѸٳ֣һһҹҶ硣
δǴҶ壬һɳݺݵغϣֱӽ˳ȥײǽڣˤ˿ջ
㣬㲻ҪҸͼ˺ңұ֤޷뿪ʳǣ
û뵽Ҷʵ˵ĿֲסӶãʹľ
ðɣҽͼһӣһҶ¶һ˿ЦݵҾ㣬Ҫң˶Ȳ㡣
˵꣬Ҷ΢΢ֱӽӷ˳ȥײǽڣˤ˿ջ棬˾޴Ļҡ
磬ʲôɣ
΢΢Щǵ˵ƻҶļƻ
İɣҰɱˣӵ鷳Ӱҵļƻ
۾Ǿһλʣھӵޱȳߵĵλƿش֡
߰ɣǼһ磬ȥʳй䣬Żж
˵ţҶǣŽỬС֣Ĵϣͷǿ꽻һ˳ԣ԰ε⾳У
ӣôðɣ
ˤջ׵ӣǰμŮŮΧĵʵ
ģҪǵ
ͼھӵȨΪĶӣھ޷죬˸Ȼֱӳ˿ջ޷ĵŭ𣬸Ҷľ浱˶Է磬ó˴Ѷ飬ʳѶ
ܿ죬ʮɫףֳеĻʳˣӿ˿ջС
ӣô󵨣˺㣡
űףƲӣһӳģĽѸߣʵ
ҽ¥᷿еĶץҪַеģ֪֫ҵ³Ӷݺݵ
ǣӣ
Ӵʮʳǰȥ׽Ҷˡ
ոոľ棬ûмס
ͻȻһƾ쾪װҶǣŽỬС֣һ˿˵
ǣҽץ
ŭҶľ棬
ಣ
һӲӵƳ˻ʳ壬գҶˣҪס
ߣ
ҶһĽɫ·⵽ػƬ׹䵽˵ϡ
š
Ҷ粻ɫɫһĻӳɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
֪ɫӲȣƷһ˾ܶ޷ϣҪ˵ɫˡ
ʲôҶ֣
ĿҶ羪˵ʵвزӳ˴
ϣ
Ҷʵǿӳţɱ䣬
ݣ
Ҷһһ޵񽣣ɲ񷣬һʳǰڴʧɫǰ
ۣ
ֿסӲӵ˲䣬һԾڰеĻʳ壬һѪɥȪ
˵ˣң˶Ȳ㣡
Ҷ罫ְӸ߸ߵֵĿע£ŤĲӣɢ꣬նɱ


1466 â
ˣӱɱˣ
˵˭ôô󣬾ҵڻɱͼӣҪ𣿡
˾򵥣Ҳǵǲˣ
ŵѪУɥȪӣǰμŮŮŻˣһ𣬾ֵؿŴݲȵҶ磬Сš
ҾǣҪǣҴɱ䣡
Ҷɨһ۶ͷðſźӳؾһǣŽỬС֣̤շص᷿Ϣ
ӣӳǸô죿
һѵĽһº΢΢ЩӳСʵ
ǽʬ͵үᣡ
ӳһƽһ»ҵģԴӣѸ뿪ˡ
ҹԽԽŨŨգǡ
ʱͼеƻͨۼ˲ٸ֡
Ƴۣɫˮͼ̫ʦϣӵʬ壬뵽˼С
ԣһȹķϵŮ̱ڵϣޡ
үλ̫ˣһҪλ𰡣
һҪڱǰҪȲ˵ݣ
뵽Ҷ統ڻɱԼӣû뿪ջͼҶݲһ˿˼ɣͨݡ
үץסǵݲˮʯ𣿡޿˵
֮ͼǳˣ֪λݣʹɱ𣿸οɱλ֮û뿪ûнҷ
λĳܲ޵ˡ
һҪ֮ǰҪ֪˭ͼĿ¶׹˵ɱҶұ֤ûк³
һҹʱܿȥ
Ҷͽһҹ˵õȣЯ뿪˿ջιʳǡ
˸ո뿪ջҶɨһͶϷ磬˰й۲Լߡ
Դ˲⣬ͼ֪⽫ͼҲɱˡ
ʳǺְ
̽ҶĴ֣Žֵһݻ¥˷ܵ˵
̣ʲôϲĶ˵Ҹ򣡡ҶЦЦ˵
ã
ϲ̵˵
ţâ
Ҷ뽿һģһι䣬ȥʱҶⷢһϤӰ΢΢̣ǣŽỬС˹ȥ
ţƤһֱҾƣʲô£û뵽ճûãҽƯŮ񣡡ֿâзСۣһѩɫۣƤţ̰ϸ壬òĵŮӵŮ֪ʶһ𣿡
ܣ
ȹŮؿĿȵâ˵
Ϊʲôâһĵ˵
Ϊ̫ˣȹŮӺ˵
ûϵڿҳҲˣͲҳˣâģϵؾԸ˳һʮĺˡ
¿ˣ£ȹŮջ˵ÿҪűС·
㲻Ҫߣˣһģâÿ壬˰ȹŮǰĵ˵
㡭ھңҾͺˣȹŮľ
â֣ǿŤĹϲ𣡡ƤâҶεҡҡͷ˹ȥ
ΨһŮʶһ𣿡
ҶߵḶ̌â۾ð˻ȵĹâɫ԰׵İȹŮӣ˹˵
ҶЩε̾Ϣһâ֣Ƿ糾£Ҹĵط˵ɡ
糾
ҶϤâһзСԽԽ󣬿Ҷİף¶֮ɫ
ˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ򵥽âµ˳
Ƿֵܣâһ˷ܵ˵λǡ
Ƿ糾ĺ̴֪󷽷Ľӻ
ֵܣȻñ£飡â̾ϢһˣҾͲˣߣȥ¥Ⱦȥ
ֵܣôͻȻʳˣ
Ȼ糾ʮâҲжţûж룬ϾҶʱ䲢Ҷһ춯ص顣
ʳе£Ҷ纬˵â֣֪ʲô·𣿡
УҾ淢һ£ûûεâ˵ͷǰãҾعһλ˭
˭
Ҷ΢΢һЦһڴƵ
Ҿһλʣâ˵˼ҾȻţ̫˼ˡ
£ʲô·𣿡Ҷɫƽʵ
Ϊףʻع飬Ҿٹ죬ǰףأΪɸӰҾ׼һʢᣡâ˵
ᣡ
Ҷ۾һԾеŨȤ
â֣֪ʲôʱУҶ翪ʵ
պСâȸ˱еƵֵȤҿԴμӡ
ãǾͶлˣ
ҶΪâ˾ƣһ


1467 ͼ
Ҷâ¥ѾԻһ磬ɫʱ뿪
â֣պټ
ίܾâסĺ⣬ҶǱǣŽỬС뿪ˡ
磬ȥģ
̽ԴҶֱϣʵ
ȥͼͼ̸̸
Ϊ˳μӾᣬҶǰһͼʵһЩҪԼԼ鷳
վסͼ˲ڣ
ҶǣŽỬС֣ʯʨӣ䱸ɭϣڽеͼʱĿǶˣ
ˣ
Ҷͫһµˣ籼ӿĳˮ˶˵Ļ꺣Уֱӽˡ
һ̣ҶӶһֱֱۣ˺󷨽ƣ֮УݵĽ̽뵽ͼУͼסıԺȥ
ǰͼԺʱҶ˲ЩȫҶʩչѣΣδܷͻ˹ȥ
ܿ죬Ҷ뽿ģ޽绨԰һıԺ⣬ƿԺеĽƣߵ棬һŮӴ˷Ļ
ͼ°Ӹҡ
Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿ζЦݣߵḶ̌ȴƻοˣ̲סҪҧһڡ
ʲôˣ
ҶͽûпϢǶ˳ڱԺʱѹһŮϣ˶ͼˣѸٴ·һ
ͼҹãûƻ°ɣ
Ҷ羲վ⣬ƹݣ¶ŵЦݣ˵
ôĵӣôͼ볤ۣ˫ͼݣڣͽ
ͼ׷׸ֳصҶˡ
ˣ
Ҷʱһɳѣǻ꺣У˺ǵ꣬˫һڣ˹ȥ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
Ҷ粻ɫˣͼѩ׵üëһ£иˣҶ˼ر仯
û뵽Ҷʵôǿвһ˿
ҾɱӵǸˣ
ҶĿƽؿͼ˵
ԭ㣡ͼͫ΢۾͸ŨŨŭ㵨ӲСɱҶӣҫûнˡ
ͼұΪһˣһҷֿ㣬û뵽㾹˵ظҶ΢΢һЦη˵ҪӱǾͶְɣϣ㲻Ҫ
ҶӵкγԹΪʲôҪɱŴݵηҶ磬ͼԺͷ侲ʵ
Һԩ޳ϵңҪӺңҲȡһжȡ
ҽ뻯֮ĶԹҿү񲢲飡
Ҷ粻ı¶۾ĹϵҲ⸲ͼ˵
Ҷ㡭ͼüͷ΢΢һ塣
ʲôУѵ𣿡Ҷ˵
㲻Ӧɱͼ侲ͳ˵
ҽĥƤӵģҶЩ͵˵ھվҪ𣬾ܾͶְɡ
˵ţҶӶһֱۣµĵйƣݺݵغǰĿռУµֱ˴Ŀռ˾ˡ
쾳޴ܣ
ҶּݿռһĻͼɫ䣬ֵͷȫʧ
ΪʶǿӣҶûҪǰһͣҶ翴ͫ΢ͼ˵
˵꣬Ҷûô֮еĽ뿪ˡ
ү㻹𣿡
Ҷ뿪һɫɴ˯ȹͷ΢΢Щңķϣִ˳˼еͼʵ
û£Ϣɣ
ͼһҶȥıӰüͷԽԽ
磬˵ͼ᲻ʲһбǣ§Ҷĸ첲ǵ˵
ǴˣδŪǰᱨǣҶ΢΢һЦ˵οҸоرɱǸӡ
â֪ݣ˵
âӡǣͼĲ֪ôңǾûıҪˡҶɱȻ˵
е۾Ҳ˸ţҶھʳûκεĹǡ
Ҷ粢ı¶Լ͵۾Ĺϵʳǣͼı顣


1468 ӵ۷
ҹԽԽ
ţҶ٣ˣ
ʹһΡĸɽĶУɫ۵ĵ۾˽յ˫ҫŰ׹ĴѶ̵
ţҸҶڴѶ
Ҷ٣Ҫʲô
Ȼ۾µҶ߲ƣƿҶУòҶ
۾죬֣֮սҶ˵
Ҷ٣սͬСɣҸոջսпܾ˯Ҫ鷳
Ҿ㷢սҲ޷նϰĴи۾˵
ΪΣѵϹħ𣬻̣
½ħ⣬ĽͶӰ۾Ҷ͸¶һҪϢ
ĽͶӰ
Ҷ¶һ˿⣬û뵽
۾죬ͶӰٻεȾ֣Ҷ˼һʵ
ҾٻԵýͶӰ۾ܵͶӰͶӰֻ̣ܶһΣ򲻵ѣᶯá۾ޱĸ֪
۴ͶӰҶһǾͶӰƿ˭ϣ
ĽͶӰӦƿڵϣһ𡣡۾˵
ã֪ˣϢɣ
˵꣬Ҷ۾촫Ѷ
۾죬ǲеĴѶ飬Ҷɫת
ͨ۾촫ѶҶоеĹǣ˼һ£ʵʩƻƵ۾죬û·˺ȫԸ
ʱһȥҶ뽿̰ιʳǣ϶ڿջ
꽻жȫſ飬ȫĽһ𣬽˶Է鲻Խ͵˽
̵ỬӣһȫȼҶ硣
ִ˲ƣĻУĺ꣬һһд¡
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
߰ɣȥ
Ҷ翴ɫޣıѣûһ˿覴ãһ׳ȹӰḶ̌뿪컵᷿ǰ
λǣ޽һž޴ˮΣҫŵʱâ§ķ飬ֵŮӵȴԼ
˼˵㣡
ӵұâҶ¶˵Цݵ
Ҳǽȥɣ
âóɫֱҶͽ̣߽УַǷ
ţ籸裬ˡ
߽ϤӰӡҶˣǵַľӵ籸裬Լھţӵ콣Ľˡ
Ҷƻ֮鼶ͼ仯òҲҶıò籸ͽ˲δϳǡ
ֵܣǰǸӣҾӣߵŮδޣѵһľŽˡ
ǰĵ籸ͽˣâз۾¶һ˿˼֮ɫ˵
δޣ
Ҷ΢΢̣һ˿⣬û뵽籸׷󵽽ˡ
š
Ҷһ˷Ųװݻҫ¹ʯʱҶͫ΢һɫۣͷڣȲﵽؾվ롣
ߣվŲڸĸ֣ŵ̬ѡ
â֣˾ӵ۷ɣ
Ҷָָ̧Ź°¶ӣ˵
ֵܣɱָӷ㵱ָûġâû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬵ָŵ۷˵ɫ䣬æ
İâ֣ϣûΣҵҶ΢΢һЦѱ˵
˵꣬ڴ˴ϴµҶ磬ǣâŽ߿ˡ
ҶıӰâ˼ᵽһ˿ѰϢԥһ£ûиȥ
Ҷ뽿һΪƫƧĽ䣬ȴῪʼ
̣ϲĶܸ˵ҰҶƴֵ˵
ãҾͲˣ
ܵĹϵ˵Ĺϵ̽§Ҷĸ첲һ۵˵
ʱƣǰμԽԽ࣬Щв쾳ܡ
Ȼ˴ξᣬ쾳ܵرǰġ
ڵȴῪʼʱ̻Իͣ˸¹ʯˮƵĴ۷׷ף̸ģҶѪϴ᪻ʹ¡
̸ԼĿҶ¶˵Цݡ
ԼһʱһĿĹӳ˻̨ϣһɫۣͷѩףؾ߳˵С
ĿľῪʼˡ


1469 ƴ֣
ӭǰμҾеᣬΪףҾһʹҾصΪ׼һ˼ı֤λ⣡
ɫ۵߻һڴУٶصĴ˵
ˣҲλʱˣ˴ʽʼ
˵ţǰӳ׹⣬һų߾Ŵ糤ǹһǹͷǶһ˶ʯﵽ׼ʥȼĳǹС
˴ĳĵһҾһʥʦʥʦʮʱ䣬ƶɵһ׼ʥȼǹǹУ˾ǧŰپʮŵƣﵽƷʥˮ׼
ϸؽǹ˲˵Ȥ
ǹļΪһٿƷ쾧λԾˡ
Ʒ쾧û뵽˴ᣬҲǼƷ꾧Ʒ쾧Ҷ绺۾¶˵Цݡ
Ǭڶ㣬õһǧƷ쾧Ʒ쾧ĿǰյĲ壬¶ûôƷ쾧
һʮƷ쾧ٿƷ쾧ٿš
գʦ˽ʮʱƵ׼ʥǹһؾܣʮƷ쾧ߡ
֮󣬵ó˵ڶһ׼ʥȼǶ߿űŨŨĳ
ͻƵǵʥҶ۽࣬׼ʥȼĳѾ޷ˣûм뾺գٿƷ쾧ļ۸ߡ
׼ʥߺ󣬵ֽĳ׼ʥУһ·Ƕһ׵׼ʥȼĹͭܣĳһǧİٿƷ쾧˴˴߼ۡ
ʮһƿҺҺĹЧϴ̥ǣս޻ʾΪЧļΪһٿƷ쾧λԾˣһƿϸĽܵ
Һ
߽Ҷ۾ʱһ
ȻҺãԽ˵ȴʮҪܽҺϴһ壬̥ǣҶİڶʱͻƵս޻ʾ硣
ҶԽҺŨȤܶҲԽҺȤ
ܿ죬Һļ۸ͳ˹ͭܣﵽһǧٿƷ쾧
һǧƷ쾧мӼ۵𣿡߶۸Ϊ⣬ܣѯʵ
ǧƷ쾧
ƫԶҶһοڱ۵
šĿ࣬³űըԼ⣬ŭĿԲĹͷӾصһԼ۵Ҷ磬һҧ۵ǧһƷ쾧
ǧƷ쾧
Ҷӹͷӵ񾯸棬رۡ
ǧƷ쾧
ҺΪҪͷһҧһ
ǧƷ쾧
ҶԥļӼ۵ֱӷ˹ͷӾ۵ͷ
գƴֵҶ˳ΪĽҺ
Һ֮󣬵ֽóһЩϡٵЩ֮޷Ҷ磬ûг۾ġ
ʮżǼʥʦʥʦ֣˽ʱ䣬ƵһƷʥȼս
߸߸߾һ̻µʥƣشսܵ
ļһǧƷ쾧λԾˣ
Ʒ쾧ȻϡƷʥΪӵһƷʥܴս
ȿֺľ£Ʒʥȼս۸ڽձһ쾳ܣǧƷ쾧ļ۸ߡ
Ʒʥ֮󣬵ֽóƷʥоģЩĵʥвʥҶ羲صȴûо۾
ھʮҾһϹżзֵһƷʥս°ٲϼ£ٲϼֻʺŮԣҾϲó
ļǧƷ쾧λԳ۾ˣ
ֳһɢŲϼ⣬·ë֯ɵս£
ٲϼһ˵ʱҲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ʒ쾧
׽̵Ҷԥۣٲϼµļ۸ʮһ۸Ȼ󲨡
ǼһﵽʲôˣôôƷ쾧
粢쾧Ե쾧缫ϡ٣Ҷƴֵľģ˶෽ע
ǧƷ쾧
籸һӼ۵
λѣٲϼδϲ֮¿ɷøǣԸ⣬ҵ籸轻ѣ籸ӼʱָҶ紫ѶԼݸʩѹ
Ʒ쾧
ҶᣬӼۣĵ籸ɫ
Ʒ쾧мӼ۵𣿡ĸؿһ۳ŵҶ磬ʵ
ٲϼȻ󣬵Ʒ쾧ԶԶ˵ۣգ籸ηٲϼ±Ҷߡ


1470 ԵĽ
˵˭ôôƷ쾧
֪òеİδ֪ûݡ
ô˵˾ˡ
֧Ʒ쾧߰ٲϼµҶ磬һʱҶΪ˽㣬ܶڰйע
̣ٲϼ͸㣡
Ҷûģոߵİٲϼ͸˽̣ý˷ܲѡ
ˣҰһ£ھʮһʮ¼ʥľѪļΪһǧƷ쾧λԾˣ
˵ţгһˮ״ľʯžʯзӡʮʥ޾Ѫ
ʥ޾Ѫŵеʥ޾ѪҶԥ۵һƷ쾧
Ҷ籨ۣ̻Ի͵ٴ֮Уܶ˶Ҷǿҵĺġ
ǰ棬źȲĵ۷⿴һ۴ͷҶ磬¶һ˿ѰζЦݣеĲ豭Ʒ쾧
Ʒ쾧
ɿճҶشΪɱ䣬ɿҶ粻ϧҲҪʮʥ޾Ѫ
Ʒ쾧
۷ָöŷ֣Ӽ۵
šȻƷ쾧Ҷ˵ʲôһָо۷ǹԼüͷ΢΢һ壬ԶԶؿһ۵۷ڵλãӼ۵ʮƷ쾧
˼ļһ
Ҷ籨ۣ۷Ҳ¶˲֮ɫţϸֳЦ⣬ûмӼۡ
ҿǼһ˲ɣʮƷ쾧ʮʥ޾Ѫδ̫ܼ˰ɣ
ʮƷ쾧һѵһ򱦲زɡ
ڳһαҶıһҶͶȥ˲
Ҷ˳ʮʥ޾Ѫ֮󣬵ֽóϧҶ̽۷ÿ۾ġ
ÿÿ֮󣬵۷籸趼Ӽۣ֤ʵĲ²⡣
۵۷ﻹǵ籸裬ͷթһѪԩͷ
۷籸裬Ȼ棬Ҿú棬ϣ浽ǲҪˣҶ۾оһĬ
һһƷʥȸĹѪȸѪΪףҾʹʱҲóļһƷ쾧λԳˡ
óһŷӡȸѪľʯ
ʮƷ쾧
۷һڲˮһ۵ȸѪ۸ʮ
ʮƷ쾧
ŵ۷ƮҶûһ˿仯ֽȸѪļ۸屶
ʮƷ쾧Ǽһϵж쾧
Ҷ绰䣬뵽֮У˵ĿⶼͶ
ʮ򡭡
Ҷ籨ۣ۷üͷһ£ȻҪӼۣϲûôƷ쾧ӼۣҶȴͻȻƱسΪЦ
뵽۷ͫһ£ûмӼۣҶ羺ġ
ʮƷ쾧мӼ۵𣿡
߿һ۳Ĭĵ۷ѯʵ
ãȻ˼ӼۣȸѪλĵã
ʮƷ쾧ߵϣͨ۲۷籸ı飬ᵽһ˿ѰϢ
ȸѪ֮󣬵ֽóϡ֮޷Ҷ磬ûмӼ۾ġ
һһѪѪһʥĿǣڹؼʱļһƷ쾧λԳˣó˷ӡƿеĺѪ
Ѫ
ҶڵõѪѪ̫һֱã˳һѪ
ҶԺѪŨȤ۷籸˶ԺѪŨȤ׷׼Ӽ۾ġ
ܿ죬Ѫļ۸ǵƷ쾧
Ʒ쾧
һɫȹ޳˫һ͸ң˵ζŮӣָһ´ؿڵĳڱ۵
ʮƷ쾧
۷ȻǾӣеرȨãԺѪҲŨȤӼ۾
ʮƷ쾧
۷ﻰ䣬λϵҶ¶ǳǳЦݣӼ۵
꣡
Ҷ籨ۣ۷ɫ΢΢һ䣬鲻ԽķеĲ豭
˷ˣһԵõ򱦲أ
ŸѵͲ±˵𣿡
кϷˣǲ֪û뿪ʳǣ
Ҷ籨ٴȫڳΪ֮ҶǳΪ۵Ľ㡣
˼һﾹȻŴκ͵۷ԣԵ۷ܲ˽⣬֪һխˣ籸΢ΪǰֻĬ
˿Ҷ񣬸һ㣬ɱ⡣


1471 ʱľ
ˣһҾʴΧһС֦
ߴǰ̨ץһ۴֣ףͨڣûһ˿·֦˵
֪֦кر𣡡
ŵе֦˷֦кر֮
ΧõСͿʼоо꣬˷֦ӲȳһƷʥ⣬δоܣ
˵֦ܣֻ֦Եֲ޷⿪Խ˴ᣬѰԵˡ˵
֦
ҶĿһֱС֦ҲʱٵݣÿӦ۾
֦ʱЩһѵľ֮һʱľ֦
Դм䣬Ҷ֪ľֱǻľʱľͿռľͨԸӦо֦пʱľ֦
ʱľ̺ʱ򣬾һ֦Ҳ̺ʱ
û뵽˴ỹȺöǲУҶ¶˵Цݣĸ΢΢Щ
ܵõʱľ֦Ӷʱ򣬽ĵֶ̣Ρ
֦ļΪʮƷ쾧λԾˣ߽֦󣬴
ʮƷ쾧һ֦
ֱۣ߱Ӵ˾󲿷˾۵ͷǼžһƬ
ڵΪʱҶ籨ˣʮƷ쾧
šȲĵ۷Ҷ羹ȻôƷ쾧¶һ˿֮ɫ˲豭ԥһµʮƷ쾧
ʮƷ쾧
ҶȻ²۷ûôƷ쾧ӵƷ쾧Ʒ쾧˵ãʱľ֦˵־ڱصãԥӼۡ
ʮ򡭡ѵ֦ر֮
Ҷ籨ۣ۷üͷĸˣĿضڵ֦֪ҶΪθԸۣ֦
ʮƷ쾧мӼ۵𣿡
ҲҶıһ˵ۣԶԶ
ģǼһﵽ˭Ʒ쾧ѵ֮𣿡
ŰɣҵҪ֮ճǲ֪ô౦˭
ʱ˼ϴͷҶ磬ԻԱճ
ȻûλӾ֦Եˣ
һŸ𾪵Ҷ磬ɫ֦һķϵŮӣҶߣ˽ס
磬֦кر֮𣿡
ḧһºɫ֦ûзر֮ʵ
Һúоһٸ㣡Ҷص˵ɫ֦սǬС
ˣһ£˴ᵹڶһϹţӵ֮ܵͼϹͼͼһԲʮﶼڣ쾳棬Ҳ
ļΪʮƷ쾧λԾˡ
óһŷƣڲ·̺ͼ
û뵽óͼѪµδ̫һЩ
ŵеϹͼ۷籸˵۾
Լ쾳ͬ¶ŨȤ׷׼Ӽ۾ġ
ܿ죬Ϲͼļ۸һ·ﵽ˶ʮһƷ쾧
ɶ񣬵۷ȻΪӣܶ쾧ޣƷ쾧ҲòƷ쾧ò˳
ʮƷ쾧
ʱҶ翪ڱˣһſڣٴȫڳľˡ
СֵܣϽͼøңұƽ뿪ʳô
ɫȹķϵĿ⹴ؿһҶ磬öŵ
ûȤ
Ҷ붼û룬ԥܾ
ʮƷ쾧мӼ۵𣿡ҲҶ籨ľˣɫתķŮӣʵ
ãȻ˼ӼۣϹͼλĵģ
ҶԸһ
ǲǺڴһѹҶɽ׺󣬵¶˵Цݵ˴ѹ֮Ҿ壬һǰίǼġ
λǰ̫֮󣬾飬Ϊ˴˴ѹ֮
λǰ˵ˣֻҪƷ쾧һֻƷ쾧оģ
ѹĻʲô
ҶҲһһ˿棬ȴѹ֮ĳ֡


1472 콣̥
ˣʱˣ˴ѹᱦ콣̥
˵ţߴǬָȡһ׶೤ӡǿƵĺС
ʱһɿµĽòʵõһֱڲϵĸо
콣̥
ҶĴû뵽˴ᣬʱľ֦콣̥ĳ֡
콣̥Ȼ콣̥ܵõ콣̥ܽƳҵı֮ҵʵ۷Ҳ콣̥˱ض֮ġ
ˣ콣̥ûе׼ۣλԳ۾ˡ
һƷ쾧
Ʒ쾧Ʒ쾧̫࣬ҲûжԸóƷ쾧нף콣̥ǲ֮ӵ콣Ľ˱ˡ
û뵽⽣˻ͦУ
Ҷ¶˵Цݣżۡ
һһʮƷ쾧
ķ۵
ٿƷ쾧
۷ɨһҶ磬ó߼۸
ٿƷ쾧мӼ۵𣿡۷ｻһ
ٿƷ쾧
׽仯ҶûٵȴӼ۵
꣡
Ҷ籨ۣ۷ֱ˲豭۾еɱޱı
뵽콣̥󣬵۷ͻȻվ֪콣̥λǰģµ۷콣̥ϲ֪λǰɷ˽½ף±֤ǰ⡣
ôƻĹأ
Ҷ翴ĵ۷һڲˮ˵
һߣȰûԼĴ콣̥ʵܻ뿪𣿡۷ĿؿҶϽ콣̥øңҵǿһƽ뿪
ܻܲ뿪ģ콣̥־ڱصãҶӵ۷еľ棬ʾ˵
ܺá۷Цҽ仰Ⱦָ콣̥ҶѪ
û뵽ӣȻһ֮ʧҶ˵
󵨣㾹Ҿӣҿòͷˡ
һؾվͷǿҶ磬ݺݵغǳ
ôҪ𣿡
ҶؾвԵػӦ
ӣҿ˽½ף֪ܸʲô
սţսһʱһС鲼ۣͷһ״̺۵߻վŵ۷
¾콣̥λǰ۷￴һߣʵ
ίǾġóҵıҲҿԸı⣬㵥סڵ۷ϵõıڵ
֪ǰҪʲô۷İϲʵ
Ҫ쾳޵֪𣿡ʵ
⡭ûУҿȥΪǰȡ۷ԥһµ
λǰпҩǰ쾳ʵҶ罫ǿŲʥƼϵ˳
ģ
߿һҶУʵ޻رʥƼϵɵ˵
֪˵컨׹ǰҲҡҶɣҿǰŵҩǰŵҩļֵʱǰپ콣̥׸˭
ôң۾һ¶ѵõЦݡ
ţ
Ҷն˵
ãȻôϷǾϷŵҩŵҩϷʵϷͽ콣̥͸㣡߷Ҷ缸۵
һΪ
˵ţҶָһŲʥƼϵߡ
ӹʥƼϵ߷һᣬȷû⣬̵˶УתǿĹʥƼϵͷŵ
⣬ⵤҩ
ԼʮͻȻ˽յ˫ǵ͸¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ôǰûƭɣҶ¶ŵЦݵ
⵽ʲôҩ
޷ţԼոշʥƼϵԼľƿȻɶ
֪Ҷҡҡͷ
ãгŵ콣̥ˣ
˵ţ߲ϲƵһӣͷųǿĵᴩ̨ܵĽƣֱӽ콣̥ץ˹͸Ҷ硣
лǰ
ҶѸٷӡס콣̥¶˵Цݵ
СҪҴ뿪𣿡ҲҶգʵ
ҪԼӦ鷳Ҷҡҡͷŵ˵
ǺãϷͲˣ
˵꣬ͻȻӳһ䵶״ǿ⣬˷ӡŵĽƣĿ¶뿪ˡ


1473 ޵
£ԭʮɢ֮һ£
ͻȻϳߵݣ˾
ڣǲǿԽ콣̥ˣ
뿪ɫˮĵ۷ｫĿҶ磬ɭȻ˵
콣̥ҵģΪҪ㣿Ҷ΢΢̣ɱĵ۷طʵѵ㻹ǿɡ
ǲǻԼĴ
۷ŵͶȥһɫӴƣȫҶ·
ھúܺðҶ絭ػӦ
úϻˣ
۷ﻹδ֣ӵ콣壬ɱĽˣͻȻͽڻҵ̳һһҶĺ
أ
һɰâĽҶû㣬һָ׼ȷĵ˰ɫϣһָ˽⣬赭дƵ˽˵Ĺ
ʲô
ĿҶһָƵ˹һĻڳȫˣ˲˼ľ
۷籸趼¶֮ɫû뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀ¡
ˣ
һ̶Ľڽ֮ݵ£ʩչ˵ɱ빥Ҷ磬ҪһϵɱƣشҶ硣
㣬̫ˣ
Ҷͫһ쫷һϮǧâԵʵһĽâɫ΢䣬ᵽŨŨΣϢĽǰץ
ٶ죬Ҷֶٶȸ졣
գ֮䣬˵ĲӱҶץסţһɳ뵽Уѹȫĵ˶ʹһ˿
һ̣ҶСһ㣬˸߸ߵ⾪˵һĻȫ
ʲôˣѵһľ֮ţӵ콣壬ɱۺսڵһŽǰ塣
񣬽ȴܶãòһξ֮еĸо
ˣ
Ȼ籸ԾҶսʱ˿̣վٻһƷʥͷŭҶ磬ǳ
˵۸㣬һϰɡҶ¶ЦݵҪ£λӵʵΣ
µʲôˣ
۷ĿصؿҶ磬ᵽһ˿ѰϢûͳ˵
ڲҵݣǲ̫ˣҶ˵Ҫʱˣְɡ
£Ҿ壬Ϊףʻع飬صؾĴϲӣ㵷ңǲ̫Ҿӣ
һ͸Ҷ磬˵
ôý֮ȣҶطʵ
£뿴ҾʵӣҪټȥˣ˽Сɡ߹۾Ҷʩѹ
ҷҲԣиҶ˵
˵ĵʵ
ǸҶָɫĵ۷͵籸
ôҪҾ岻ݣ
۷Ǻεȸ֮ĿҶǸŭ˵
˰ɣҸǻᣬǲϧȻǾͱҲˣҶԵ˵
ҶԸµѡʧҡҡͷȻˡ
˵ţǿƣһ滺İ̸ֳǿĹɱƣҶ硣
ôǾͲ¶󷨽ƹңҶ΢̣޿ֵ˵
ٷңҽھŹ㣡
Ҷ翨סӣǺ죬ʹ಻ѵĽ˻ɤӵ
ͣ
вĻ䣬һĽâƿ˽˵ķ·¶˰۵񱳡
Ҫ˺ˣֻҪϷˣҿԴӦκε
籸˫ؿҶ磬ҧеŭ
ãҽһĵĻᣬϹˣҿʮͷҾͷҶ翴۽Ǽļƽĵ籸㲻Ӧھһϵ·
㣬ɱң
ŭҶ磬š
κҶʵ̫̫࣬ɽ޷ѿҶĸ
ٲ¹ģǾͱҲǻˣ
˵ţҶָĽâڽؿ·ǰ£ʱܸ·ͦε˫屩¶ڿС
ҡ
籸Ȼϲˣͷ¹򣬱ɱܣԥ
ˣɣ
Ҷ翴˫ȭգż˼붷ĵ籸裬ЦЦ˵
˵꣬û˺ƽ˵·ǽӵ˱ĵϡ
һ̣Ҷ籡콣⣬µĽӿնϣɱ顣
һ˻İϣ˺ǿƣ̶һ󶴣Ƶ˽ƴȫ


1474 ۸
µǺˣ
ĿҶһƵ󷨽ƵһĻȻһҶ˼ر仯
Ƶ󷨽ƣԴﵽ쾳ˮ׼
˭ҪҪǣոǲҪɱңı𣿡Ҷ¶ŵЦݵھվ˭붯֣Ǿɡ
ӣʵֲ̫ǵʵ²Ķ֣ǻǱâպԸΪã߱Ҷʵסɫ粻ĵ۷
ã
Ȼ۷ﲻ콣̥Ҷʵֲ̫ᵽŨŨΣϢòѡá
ߣ
۷ŭһҶ磬ӾҪ뿪
ӣҪȥİ
Ҷ⽫ִ󣬴Ӷ۾Ƶ·޷ѡ񣬾õ۷˿
ô㻹˺Ҳɣ
ݣ۷ﲢҶǰҶ磬޿ֵ˵
۷˼ҵʵڵ㣬ӦͶҶ˰ɣҶ˵
ʵȷʵף۷˵ͷ󷽷˵
Ȼȭͷǲǿ۸۸㣡Ҷ΢̣һ˿
ʲôط˺ңұ֤޷뿪ʳǣ۷۾΢ͫб⣬ؾ
𣿡
ҶͱһЦͻȻ뵽ռ켣УһƳ˵۷
۷ȻؾܣעּҶϣҶ繥ٶ̫죬ֶ뵽ռ켣Уõ۷ʤ
ž
һİ
ҶڽĴֺݺݵسϣµķգһƳ˳ȥڰлһĻߣݺݵײϣ뵽С
ӣ
ߵɵۣû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬵ҵڶԵ۷ﶯ֡
âǱǰһĻɵˣһƬհףӶ
ɱ㣡
۷ܹȴ裬ƣһֻŭıݵζٻһ״һ㣬˸׹ƷʥɱҶ硣
۷ﶯֵ˲䣬ջĵ籸裬ŭĽҲʱҶ緢Ҫشܡ
꣡
۷˺ϮҶΣң̤ǰһһɳɣ˵档
ţ뽿ǰĿռ䷢˴壬Ŀռ䲻ϵػŵ۷˵Ĺơ
²Ӱ𣡡
۷ˣϵƷʥעǿĵ²ӰصĿռ䣬ɱҶ硣
㣬̫ˣ
²ӰʱҶĸֳ鼶ͼһƺ²Ӱϣµĵ֮ڽֱӽ²Ӱ˻ȥ
һ̣Ҷһ£ѱٶȣڴʧɫĵ籸ͽǰ̤š
̤ռˣµİԽŷ·ѹžģھ̤֮Ƕ˵Ĺ̤˳ȥѪ
ţҶ绯һӰڴʧɫĵ۷ǰ
Ҫ˺ӣ
߿籸ΣգǿѪ֮Ҷ׹ذȭâݻŴ֮ƣɱҶ硣
ƾ㣬Ȳ
Ҷһӿƴһȭӭȥ
ҶߵȭͷײһʱһɳĵҶȭͷбŷ뵽УֱӽʮԶݺݵײԶʯϣʹĵ˵طʧȥս֮
ǿʵڤϣܿ˵ʵ𣿡
ǰμĲ쾳ܣҶ뵽սЩ쾳ܶסˣһòͨŮӣѯԵİ׷ߵ
ʵǿ쾳޴ܣ׷ص˵
ʱĸ֣Ůӵһ
˾ˣǲ֪кޣȻӣ׷ߵ
²Ӱ׹⣡
ȻҶʵ˵۷󣬵ûҧأƷʥй׹⣬ɱҶ塣
ҶȣҪ˵ؾĵ۷쾳޴ܣҶּҲնɱ
žžž
Ҷһһƥе񽣣˺²Ӱй׹⣬ڵ۷ǰƣϵس۷ƣֻԴѣ߿Ѫʹ಻ѡ
ס֣
Ҷ۷ʱһŭ
һɫףֳһų߾Ŵ糤ɫǹ䲻ʵﵽ쾳޵ӳˣһǹҶ硣
һǹ̳˺˿ռ䣬ǹâĦò˶Ĥۣܲѡ
ۿһǹҶ壬ҶѸٵһָⰵɫǹϡ
µ͵ֱӽﵽƷʥӲȵİɫǹ䣬£һָӱ˻ȥ


1475 ʥ
󵨣ǺˣΪҾʳǵң
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ѸջرҶһָİɫǹɫصʵ
˵Ϊףʻع𣿡
ҶЦЦؿŽӣ˵
ս񣬴޷죬Ϊսٳֽ£ؽΣ
ݣѪֹĵ۷ڵŭŸ޾Ҷ磬
òҪָסңͲϻˣҶ¶ŵЦݣɫޱȵĻսû˵
ʵǿǿĹҾʳǣսһĵŭȰ»ǴһЩΪãȥֻлûкô
ðɣҲǼƽˣ߰ɣ
Ҷ翴һݣ˫ĵ۷Ž̾Ҫ뿪ҵ
ս񣬲ܷߣ
Ҷ˵߾ߣ۷ŭҶ˾ҡڵˣƱسΪЦ콣̥Ե
˰ɣҪȥЩ֪ôִ֮Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݵˣޣҪ־Ϳ㣬Ҫʱ䡣
ðɣǾ£µĸУ
ӵ۷ﴫѶսһһǿսйҶ硣
Увܽſ£䣡
Ҷ翴쾳ĻսһָŰԵ˵
ǹ
սɫһ䣬ȫĵȫٵݡ
һǹ̳еİɫǹںһݻµƣһƲĻХŴҶؿڡ
֮飬ڣ
սһǹҶû㣬Ѹ̤ǰһںӿȪѨе֮飬Ѫȭͷӭȥ
أ
ȻҶûжʥ̫ǿһȭؿռ䱻ѹˣűըȭͷս̳Ļǹײһ𣬱ϵطŻȭâһȭ˰ɫǹ
µ͸ɫǹӿ뵽սֱУֱƤѪ
ڻսԾҶµսʱҶһͻȻڻսǰؿںһȭһȭĻƽսףؿڣ˳ȥ
жӲס٣
ŵɳʮԶԶʯײһӵĻսҶҡҡͷм˵
ģôôǿ
Ĵս֮һĻս񶼲Ҷ磬۷ĵ뵽˵͹ȣͷϸð˿ſź顣
棬ֵˣ
ҶбŨŨ⣬˶ͷð亹ĵ۷̤ųصĲһ˹ȥ
ģλǰԸҾضǷλǰһ顣
ԽԽҶ磬۷һֱϹ޶ϵĸоѣɤӴ
˭ҳ֣ɱ⣡
ҶеĿȫˣµƴſռΪ֮仯
ҶͷŵĿƣҪֵ쾳ĶҡˣǿƵĵ۷ȫëֱӶ
£
Ҷ翴Ŷͷð亹ĵ۷ݿܵ
㣬ҪҾ岻ݣ
̩ɽѹƣ۷ǿţѪɫ۾ŭҶ
ƾ㻹˾壡Ҷ˵

ҶҪǿбȵ۷ʱһͻȻ
ʥޣҾʥߴ۷ĴϲɤӴ󺰵ʥ޾
¡¡
ʴɣޱȼӲĵͻȻһ£һɫսףĿߴԴϳһǣֱۺ˫ȸź۵ӣֳһɳͷ󵶣ڻҵ
ˣ˽λ뿪ˣ
ʥ޳֣е̬صĵ˴ţ
ſŵҡĴܲҾô׷뿪ˡ
ܿ죬ֻʣʮˣȫӳ
мʥ
оǰɢǿݵȷǰмʥޣһ
еģȻӵһֻ
Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫԺиǸֳͷ
ȻĿǰʵ͵̣ȫĿǱȵ۾죬Լְƿؾı¶ݣ
ֹ𣿡
ʥۣͭҶ磬ʵ
֣ý£Ҷʾ˵̰ͼϵı
㲻ӦôǣҪҾһʥ
ðҪҿԸ㣡ҶץŽỬС֣ĳȥʹҪʣΪָ֮
ԣߣ
ʥһҶ磬˵ͷѺҶˣǰ˽䱸ɭϣȨľʹС


1476 ʵ۵
ţÿµ󷨽ƣ
ҶʥѺ£߽ҫŽ⣬ľʹʱͫ΢΢һ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
£־ʹ󷨽ƱȰ᪻ʹǿ̫̫࣬Ҫ˵쾳ܣǵʥ󷨽ƹ£⵽ش
ĵ̵ж
Ҷ緢֣лҪǿ˵۾죬ʵ͵̣򲻸ҶԾ֡
ģҲ˭ҷǰƤ
ݣܴܵĵ۷˫ݵضҶıӰзĵ
Ҷ̤һɲǣƿԼУԺвϵ˼ֶΡ
Ҷ٣ôʹˣ
ҶʥѺ£˳һȣʹȥʱһҶ꺣
ϥڻʹĵ۾˫üͷšһ
ȻǱѺͶģ
Ҷ򵥵Ľȥ˵۾졣
֪С۾Щջ⴫Ҷ٣ҪҪҳǵ۷
ˣҶ緺һ˿ˣ԰꣬Ϣɡ
Ҷ٣ΪУŹǣ
Ȼ۾챻ҶƿѪǾһʣԸžбϡ
۾죬ӦúԼĴҶ⾯ҿԴӦ㣬ңҿԸ·
ˣңȥʱ£ԸԸǣ
ʥҶˣһһ˸ʯ޽Ľ̻ԻͣƻֺĴ⣬Ҷˣ߽˴С
㿴ʲô
ʥ߽ɫʱҶ΢΢תĿͶĿ¶׹⣬¶Цݵĵ۷˵
Ҳ֪ɵǼɵҸֹ۷ɭȻ˵
ôƿҵҶЦ˵
Ӳǰɣһ޵ʱ򣡡۷һֻǣضҶұ֤ԡ
ڣҶЦˣҺ󲻺ģ»ڡ
˵ţҶһһڵ۷ǰ
ҶͻȻõ۷ȫĺëֱܵҪ㡣
ܵ˲䣬һɳѣ꺣֮Уһڶʱڳ˶ݵĿհס
žž
İ
Ҷƣݺݵس˵۷⣬ϱ޸ֳˣŶŴѪʳͣڵϣѪ߰ߣʮֵĴۡ
󵨣ݵ˺ӣ
û뵽Ҷ絨ôڽ֮⵱Ź۷ʱŭˣ׷ٻԵĵϮɱҶ硣
ǣ
һҫŵ⣬ĵҶʱµĵ籡壬ݺݵغ֮ϣµĵӲЩˡ
һ̣޼ʥˮƳҶ壬˼Ⱥһ˲佫Ƕ˱
۷벻úһأ
ǿƷһʵĽҶ罫ĿͶɫĵ۷¶ħЦݡ
ңȰòҪ˺ң³ԱҲң
Ȼ۷ȲҶʵֲ̫ȫƿĿҶֶΣ۷е־塣
۷ұΪһҷ֣ĿˡҶ翴ӲͷƤǿŵĵ۷ˣҽкã廻Ӱɡ
ˣ
Ҷ绰䣬ͷĿռͻȻŤһöŽŹ׭ӡѹҶ硣
Ʒʥ
оӡгĻ֮ҶͫһѨڽעȭУһȭӡ

ҶȭâңֱϣŲѹӡ֮ϵĹ׭ʱһƿ̻ɵĹ׭廯ˡƣҶȭâݺݵغҶ硣
䣡
ޱȼӲĵ汻ˣҶ뽿ȴټ
ôʱ´֮𣿡
̤ŽܿӡҶ罫ĿͶ󷨽еĽ˵
ҾǺÿ֮ޱ֮ʲӭһۻ룬ſѹڽ
ʱ⻰ˣҶ粻˵һֱУ˲Ҳ˵ԭǹҪǿıҲ֡
ҲɱѾǸˣ
ô˵һӦøлˣʵ۵䲻ȵ˵
ʵҽɱˣʱ²Ӧøлң۾ϣ֪ߵغ֮ӵݣܸ޾鷳
Ҷ米˫֣٩٩̸ֻѵ۷ҪѪ


1477 ɱ۷
㡭
۷оԼ챻ˡ
Ϊӣһֿܹ֮ȴ衣
ʱ޲ýҶǧУѪ⡣
֮£Ѿ˵ˣ۵˵Ƿòԣ֪Ҳǹġ
ʱºγԣҶЦЦȻʵ
ʵɱֻһָûɱʥ˵Ŀľ򵥣۵ǵ˵˵ʵĿİɡ
ʱˣҴ˴ǰֻΪݷʱ£Ҷ
ˣȻ㲻˵ʵҲˣ۵Щ͵˵·ߣҪô뿪ʳǣԺ󶼲ҪҪôԶɡ
·ѡأҶ粻䲻ȵ˵
ɲ㣡
۵˵Ȼת䣬޾ĵҶͷ㼯һ޴̣µشƣҶ硣
ʵڲΪУʱºοΪأ
Ȼʹ󷨽ƺֲܿҶԼ̣˫֣Ȼ˫͸ޱǿš
ģͷţһ޵ʱ򣡡
ű󷨽Ҷ磬۷¶֮ɫ·ԤҶ籯ҵĽ֡
۷ҷûӣ˴ʱ˿̣㻹ңҶ̾ϢһɱȻ˵ҲգҾɱɡ
˵ţҶӶˣ뵽ռ켣УϮɱ˵۷
¡¡
Ҷ綯ֵ˲䣬µ󷨽ƽףһɱ˽̣ɱҶ磬ҪֹҶɱ۷
ۿ̱׻УһϵͭŹ׺˽ͷֵסԺɱ쾳ܵס
ҶٻƷʥǧҶ£ϣ׵ĺɱƽ˴ʧɫƴ˵ĵ۷
ˣ
ڵ۷ٻʥҪҶʱµѣ꺣УһԳ˶ݵĿհס
һ̣Ʒʥʥϣų߰Ľâһ˵۷ĺ
ռ䴫ͣ
ǧһ֮ʣһǿĴ֮ס˵۷Ҫߡ
Ҫɱ˭Ȳˣ
ۿѣεĵ۷ﴫ뿪ƶҶٴμӿ˹ٶȣ껯һĨǣڽ˺ʥУһ˺˿µĴ֮˵۷̴
أ
ͷŵĽȫԴҪѵ飬ӸǱйĽ룬罦ѪȾ˵档

۷˲䣬۵ſµĵɳ˽һݹصĵâˮкأնҶ硣
Ե۵ݻնĵâҶ粻ܣѪ֮ӭȥһƽض˵âƵ˵۵Ĺ
ôĵӣɱҶ
۷ǵ۵ϲĶӣص󣬾ĴеϣˣİĶӸǲǰõ۵һʧصĸо
Ҷ٣ҪҰ
ͬʱ֮Уһֱй۲Ҷһһĵ۾ε̾Ϣһ
Ҷɱ۷͵ݣԼƿҶϣòҶ磬Լѡ
û취ҵ·Ҳϲֻѡ·ɱʹҶӵ۵ŭ񣬰Եʮ˵
úúã챾ʵҪɱ
ɱ۵ٻƷʥȼ˫սйų쵶Ҷ硣
սһ
𣡡
ʱͭŹдһĺµ졣
꣡
صĹ׸ǱһֻɫƿˣͭսףȫħƵħɻѪɫ۾˵۵
һۣõ۵һֱħɿĸоȫĺëֱ۵Եʥ¶˾֮ɫ
ڵ۵ħʱҶ̤˵۵ҵع
ˣ
һ̳µĽâ˿ռ䣬ǧĴ˵۵һ˲з
⡢һ˲䱬ɿµ⾳һ𣬼ҵĶԳ⡣
۵һԵм򣬿˵ϹŴܲ۵ԳƵ絶һˡ
о۵ʩչĵȫѹԼԽҶ¶һ˿֮ɫһ̷Ӷ˼ҶԳ⣬˵۵Ӳˡ
ꡭҶ磡
磬ֻҶ罫֮۵һȷҶݣˡ
û뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬸ոڰ᪻ʹѪȷ磬᪻岻ݣֽսԼ;塣
ң
Ҷ֪۵ʶԼֻʱ⣬󷽷ϵֳֺʥ
Ҷ磬ҲòϣĵӲһĴ󣬲Ҳ֪Ҿĵ̣ǰ᪻ԱģעĹأ
۵ջ˵ó˴Ѷ飬ոջعĵ۾촫
Ե۾һ޵ʵֻҪ֣Ҷͨ챾£ҲעԱճ


1478 ɱķ
Ǭ󣡡
۵۾촫Ѷ֮ʣҶٻǬγµĽϯ˵۵
۵ʵǿﵽ쾳ޣǵʥҶȣвԽʵࡣ
⵽󣬼Ʒʥˮ׼Ǭ󹥻۵Ӳӣʩչȫ㡣
˲䣬һɿµѣ֮شһ㣬꺣֮Уһӳ˶ݵĿհס
ǵ۵ս鼫ḻ⵽˲䣬ƽ֮ΧĿռ䣬ǬĹ
ޱȵĽƿռʱָѵĵ۵ٻƷʥӡŴĿĽǿйŽŹ
̣֮
ʶҶĿ£۵Ҷԣϵ󷨽Ƶ۳ֽ̣֮ͷǿĽ֮Ҷ磬Ҫ֮ɱҶ硣
໣
ħһҳͭŹףײһֽ֮ϣµֱӽ֮ײˣħʥ
̣
ҶһΣеĽ̴ͻǬУֳֺʥ˵۵
Ҷ۵һʵ͵̣ɱ۵Ѵ֮
ʼôˣӵҵΪλ
۵ֵסҶ͵ĹƣԽԽľԽԽĲһĶãϵ۾촫Ѷ
ҶûзϾ·ĵ۾иżҵ˼붷
뵽Ҷ޼ʵֶΣ۾Щ֪һζҶԣ죬Ҫ˵壬ǲҶ޼
أ
Ҷڽ˵۵նĵƣݺݵغؿϣһȭ˳ȥѪ
ʣ
Ѹľ֣۵ҶһȦɣ׷߽Χס
󷨽Ʊħɿƣ޷ΣҶ磬ʹþֲ׶Ҷ綯֡
Ҷ磬ֹûУ
۵֮ʣһŭ
۵ĸʣʵЯƷʥ񶦳ˡ
ڵԣһɫۣ΢΢ЩͣӲϲƵߡ
Ȼ߿̬ӣҶ翴ʱͫΣյ״
ԸӦ£Ҷ緢ߣδϹŴܣʵ´ﵽǵʥޣԼһв
û뵽壬᲻֮ȻǾͱҽƷ
Ҷ罫ĿͶ˾ʵ룬ǿҵɱ⡣
ܽɱľͷ˵۾·
ǵʥû뵽½磬Ҽһǵʥϵܲ
¶һ˿Цݣ͵΢΢һ·˲Խǧ׿ռ䣬Ҷǰݵ֣ץҶ硣
ˣ粻㣬ȥȥĵطɣ
⵽߹Ҷ粢ţѸںʥѪ飬ʵǵʥٿǬӭȥ
ն
Ҷ£Ǭһ𣬻һ޵񽣣ѿգƿ޸ն˻ߣһƿ˻ߵĹ
ȻеֶΣ
оҶʵӲһǬִó棬¶֮ɫ˫ֿٵؽӡ۳һöӡֵסǬ޽Ĺ
ţߵ˵Ӱգ֮ʧҶǰĳҶֳһƷʥȼĻɫҶĺ󱳡
ͣ
Ҷ󱳱ɫ״̴ߵɫȴһ̱ˡ
ԼеĲҶ壬˲ûٶȲӰ
̤ʮٶܿ߹Ҷưڽ˺ʥУ߷͵ķڰвһ
ڶ˹ٶ̫죬쵽ĿϾӡ
ռʮ˵ٶȲӰһ⣬ڰмҵײֻ˵ʧڰС
ҶĹֶμֲ࣬ϵʩչѣߵ꣬Ĺơ
߱Ͼʥ̼ѣͬʱĻҶһظ߹һصĹԾԵʵӲҶĹ
ʣҾ鷳ΪҾΣ
۵ҶӲ߲δ·磬ֻʳǵĽƲϱħ˺ѣвһ˿ֳִѶ飬һ۾촫Ѷ
۾춼Ǻ޷ӦԽԽĽ벻ͨ۾쵽ôˡ
䣡
ڵ۵ʱҶ߷˼ҵײµ˲˿ռ䣬ʹ뵽֮С


1479 ɱʥ
ۣ
ӲǿĹҶһһѪ˳
ˣˣ
Ҷ类߻ˣ۵¶֮ɫ
ĿͶħʱٴħ͵Ĺ£һֽ̲ϵ飬мʥǱħһδκɣȫƬϵ𣬴Ѫ˳
ʣｻңȥʼĶʼôˣΪγٳٲ
ħʵҪֻе۾˯ѲС
ã
˵ͷ̤⣬Լٶ۾Ķȥ
ʱߵµشƣҶ緢Ҫһٽɱ
شƻ˳ĳϫҶһ鼶ͼݵ£ǰޱߵĵ֮شײһ𣬾ޱߵľˡ
һ󣬻ȫشУشƵҶݻĵ֮µӲ֮˺˵Ѻۡ
ڤ
ۿҶݻĵ֮߻ش˺ѣԼݣݻŹڤشУشƵ
նɽ
عҶ绯⣬һµشƽһ𣬻һ޵еʥնһеޣƿ˹ڤҶݻĵ֮նҶԴ
ˣ
һ̶ĽΣʱ̣ӳҶ꺣һĨӣײ˻ɵʥϣǿƵ˻ߵĵ
Ȼ£
ͫһϵ¶֮ɫһ糤߰㣬ﵽƷʥȼȳУһȹҶ硣
ͨ񣡡
ֳֳȽҶѳֳʥһһҹ˻ߡ
ţʲôͨ
߷֣ҶѵľʵȻﵽǵʥϵٴ¶֮ɫתŹٶȣҶ뾵˫ع
֮Ѫȼգ
߱Ͼʥ̲ʽǲ
սһᣬҶ뾵޷ѹĹƣҶûٵʱ䣬ȼ˺֮Ѫһʵ
֮ѪȼգҶʵ˲ﵽǵʥޣﵽ˾ڽӵµ޾
ϷԽˣµɣ
Ҷһٻ˼Ʒʥ赣ԴԴϵע޾ĵգžǿĹ۳ɱХź˻ߡ
֮ͨߣ
ŰݻشƵľɱϮעǿĵȻһ֮ͨߣǰ޾ĵŰɱ
󹥻мҶԳ⣬˺ſռʱ񲻹ˣͻȻƽ˻ߣĹ
ھ񹥻£ģʱҶע޾ĵƾ赼һɱһٺȻɵ֮ͨߣϵϡ
ۣ
Ȼʵﵽʥ۷壬κξ赵Ĺʵڿֲ⵽֮۵ľɱ飬ǱòѺۣʧȥ˿ơ
ʥ棡
۵߱ɱɣһæͨ׵룬ӿٶ۾ǰִ֡
ʱĵ˱Ÿε۾춼ᡣ
໣
ڻߵֵסʱµħɷеḶ֮̌ӶͭŹףѪҷ˳ȥӴֱӽԶһˡ
¯ѹأ
ڻߵֵס͵ĹҪ뿪ʱҶһĶãٻ˼Ʒʥ¯Ϭ꣬ѹ˻ߣͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
ôܣʵôüƷʥ
¯һΪ֮ɫ
¯ѹ߿ԽսԽµҶƾ赼Ϯ¶˲˼֮ɫ
𣬶Ҷ㣬޹˼ɵƼƷʥ
֮¯
Իֵ֮ס赵Ĺѣ̶ֻȼѪ֮֮壬ΪýɿµĻ¯ӭ˰ݻŴľɱ
䣡
һϵܼıУ߹עһһײ˰ɱͬûѪ弴
ˣ
Ҷ粻һ˿ϢĻᣬϬ긡ֳ¯¯ϵر󣬴ھ֮ݺݵѹϡ
أ
߲Ƶ屻¯ײˣһѪ
ܣ
ҶͫһҪܣһư׷ȥڵ۵˾Ԯǰһߵˡ
ؾ岻֪µʥɣ


1480 ۾
۵㻹ʲộٺɣҴݻʹ
ǿƻɱʥҶĿͶɫ࣬ͷðſźĵ۵Եƥ˵
ʱĵ۵Ȼһξеĸоֱʱ˿Ȼ޷ţҶ羹ȻɱػߣʥĴܡ
ʱ£ʼٳٲǲǻѳ˯ʼ棡
ɫۣһƳ׵ľʦĵ۵
Ҳֻˣ
۵ߺ޵صһҶ磬һҧ׼ѳ˯ڻʹеʼ棬ɱҶ磬Ϊ۷ʥ
ˣ
ͻȻԶ߿ռ䷢궯һֻ֮۵Ĵ糤ϮյץҶ硣
ħɣ
ۿץסҶ磬ѸٻħɣֳͭŹȫ֡
꣬ն
ħӲʱҶưӿնϣһǺӽӰһҲˡ
ʼ棬ʼڳˣ
Ȼ۵벻ͨΪε۾ڲų۾֣õ۵Ĵ󶨣׷
ʲôˣΪʹң
ɫۣȫڰ׹еĵ۾ˣ̤һ׵ƲʣҶ磬ӲͷƤϷ
Ҫң̫Ҫء
Ҷüͷ壬ɫصؿŵ۾޷Ͽһ˿ɡ
ʼ棬㲻Ҫһɺԣɱʥˣʼֽ˻ɱ۵ŭҶ磬
ˣ
˵ţ۾һѹµ֮˷ӿ˿µ֣֮ϢѹȸУѹҶ硣
໣
֮ѹħɷײе˻ֳͭŹӭȥҪӲ۾Ĺ
ħʵȻ£طӡֻܷħʥ۷սֵס۾ֲĹ
ʮħɻӶͭŹ׾ͱµ֮ҷ˳ȥǱֺ֮ݺݵӡڼӲĵϣҳһ״ӡ
ʼ䣡
ʼ޵У
Ŀõ۾ǿشħɵһĻԶΧ۵ľĴ󶨣ԶҡźΪ۾
Ҷ磬ʼס㣬һַʹ
۵۾˸֮ɫҶ绹ֶΡ
̣֮
ħɣ۾˫ֿٵᣬµ֮۳ռڶһ̣֮ŤһĿռ䣬ɱҶ硣
赣飡
Ҷٻ¯ԴԴϵעһɱ̣֮Ҫ顣
䣡
ıڰ
һɱңնϣϺ̣֮Ӳ̺֮˵Ѻۡ
Ҫھ赳Ϲ£֮飬۾һĨ⣬ͻȻҶߣһӡ
Ե۾һ͵ϮҶû㣬һƻԼؿڣһѪ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
ƣ
һشҶ磬۾֮γһҶ磬ԼŭħɣӲȿȼƷʥͭŹס
ʼ棬ɱ֮ʼɷ佻Ҵã
۾ɹشҶ磬۵Ĵϲǰ
ұʳϵܣȻὫ㴦ã
˵ţ۾һ׹⣬Ҷ磬ħʧڻҵĽ֮⣬صĶ֮С
˵ϣ⿪ɣ
۾쿪ƺҶ˽յ˫ɫ͸һ˿εص۾죬
Ҷ٣۾̾Ϣһ⿪ָ֮Ҷħɵɡ
ϣǲǸоֺܱΣ
Ҷ罫ħɴͻǬУ¶Ц⿴ŵ۾
Ҷ٣ôǽұ˾·۾ҡҡͷЩε˵
ϣȻѪģػܵõʲôأҶѭѭյ˵ңһݾ죬̤ۣ֮ҿԸܶ޷ĺô򣬵ϸʵ̨
ġ
۾ҲһҰĵˣҲгһգ̤֮Щ޷
Ҳ˽⣬ԻҵĻӦҸ׵ʵҸױӻңһµµΪһ𣿡
Ϊõ۾ȫģҶĸҶ޼
Ҷ٣Ҫʲô
뵽Ҷ޼ͨʵ۾Ļ˫Ҳ⡣
Ҫƿؾ壬ȻսҶ粶׽۾ı仯¶˵Цݵ
Ҷ٣ҪƿؾɲףҪƵ͵еǶʵԶʤңǾƿߣǵʵҲڲ֮䣡۾ǵ˵
ûϵֻҪǺúüƻһ£лƵġ
Ҷŵ˵۾ļƻ


1481 ʱ
Ҷ٣ҪȶԵ֣
Ҷļƻ۾üͷšһ𣬵ǵ˵
Ȼһ磬ԽߣÿʵԽ
ҵǾƿߣŲٲΪ֪ĵƣоͶӰƿУҪ졣
ţǶԵ֣ԵʵпܲɸѣҶ˵ͷȶʵǿĵ֡
ǣҵʵǵĶ֣۾Ĳ˵
İɣзִ磬ֻ谴˵ȥ׼ǾһܿƵ𣡡Ҷһ
ðɣȥ׼ҶҪĶ
ҶѾ۾ûٶ˵ʲôֱǰ˾ر̵һʼݣڱѰҶ֮
ľ콣̥
۾뿪ʱҶ罫콣̥ȡ˳ٻľ콣̥н
콣̥ҶͶһƣ콣̥ںϣȫӰǿĹΪҶɱﵡ
ľսڣҶֽʱľ֦ȡ˳Լݣ͸ûκ·ƽ֦У֦еܡ
ÿӦ͸˺ɫ֦֦ʱȻͬ
ʱҶоɫ֦з·һأⷽصʱ٣
ҵĸоȻûдʱľ֦
ȷ֦Ҷ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫһ뵽ǬУ֦̺ʱ
ʱȿռҪΪʱ٣ʱʱ侲ֹؾ硣
Ȼʱ򾳽٣Ҫ͸ʱ죬еĴܣҲûмȫ͸ʱ
Ծһδɱ䣬ü죬Բϵ£ҶʱԽԽ

ʣⶼˣʼΪλҶ罻Ǵã
۵ĵȴʱ䣬ȴٳδܵ۾죬õ۵ᵽһ˿ѰϢ
ʼ˼Ҵⲻ̾ϢһҲҶϵ̫࣬ʼһʱˣųٳûнǴá
ʣ˵ҶϵʲôܣΪζ̶ʱ䣬ͻȻһˣǶԶԶĶ֣
۵ҲõҶϵܣƾļͻƵʥ֮
ҶӦйϵ²
ʣ˵Ҷͽܣ۵֪ݣüͷʵ
ҡҡͷʵǿûǿ󵽽̳ͽܣҶĻ֮йء
Ļ֮ˣ۵һʣ˵Ļܡ
񱳺ûˣˣĴҲˣ˵񱳺֮˭ҲҲΪûжϾɱԭ򡣡
ʣ绹бǿܣĴǺΣգ۵Щǵ˵
ɱܣĿĻػ߽֪ںεԭ˳ٳδ˵ĴҲã˼ɡҶ𣬺ܲѰĻ˳ˡ
Ҿɱ˵Ĵˣ᲻Ҿ鷳۵ӵĵġ
İɣҾӣıٶϾеΣ˾ǵġ֪ܣΪδġ
ʣ˵۵۾һ뵽һҪϢ
ӡģ˵һжУҲΪҾһֱ̳ԭ򣡡۵͸¶һҪϢ
ڵ۾类Ҷ޼ӡǺܷӡģ֪ܡ
ֹʱ䣬Ҷһ㣬ԭһԼ£ȫ͸ʱľ֦̺ʱ
ʱĲҶʱһΧĿռǷ΢Ĵңʱټӿһ
һʱ٣ٶȣа£Ӧþܲ͸ʱ֦̺ʱˣľӦҲȫ콣̥ˣ
оΧʱٱ仯콣̥ı仯Ҷһ۾Լݲ͸ʱ
ҶЩУ۾ݣұ˾ر⣬Ҷ֮ڶĵȴҶء
ڼһʱʱƿռϹŲͼʧˣɫۣȵҶ˳
ȻҶ羳ûб仯۾쿴ʱȴоʷ˲Сı仯Ͷ·һعı仯΢΢ЩԾ


1482 
ϣҪ֮ﶼ𣿡
Ҷ翴һɫЩ쳣ͫ΢ĵ۾죬ʵ
Ҷ٣ʥ̫ѱرһƷʥʮƷʥ۾˵ҪһżƷʯҶˡ
ЩһųڵٹųڵĵһŷħʵһСñ顣
ܺãЩǺӦлش𣡡
ӹ۾ıҶ罻˼䣬ֿʼչأеĴм䣬һżƷʯϹͼУͼ
ҶȫϹͼʱľɹ콣̥콣̥ΪҶڶ֮
֪콣̥ںϣɴﵽεȳ̶ȣҶϹͼ
֪ƣһδδ£һżƷʯȫϹͼУһϹͼ
ĿǰϹͼӦÿסһʱɡ
Ҷ罫һµϹͼսУ򵥵ϢһᣬϹŲͼҵ˾޵ȴĵ۾졣
ˣȥ˯֮ذɣҶ˵
ã
۾첻ΥҶһĵ˵ͷ
߰ɣ
Ҷ뵽ǬУõ۾Ǭ뿪ĶǰɽһƬ׵̶
⴦̶Ǿƿߣ˯֮ء
ʼ棬˼ôˣ
ɫۣϢռΪһ壬ۿ޷Ǵڵ˫۾ͻȻ¶˲֮ɫ
ôﻹҪ𣿡۾ɫһϵʵ
ʼϢŭǲ˼
Ȼϣʵﵽ쾳۾ǰȴΡ
Ҫٴ̶ƣ۾첻ݿܵ
⣬ҾΣκ˲ô˼ҳ˯߻ֵ̿Ľ͵
ֻϵ𣬲ˣ
۾͸˭İܵĵͼֳ壬߾ֵĿע£ǡ
ȻҪ㣬۾ʵǿ̫̫࣬ڶӦͼͻǵ壬˲佫Ǻ飬Ѫ
Ϲͼգ
۾ǿƻɱʱϹͼֳǬҶ£ռ䣬̶ΧԲ
ռ䱻Ϲͼʱ۾ٻӵ۵ǿҪļƷʥʼֳֻʼն˷ӡ̶Ľơ
¡¡
̶⵽۾ȫһҵĲƸУռ䷢ǿҵĲ
̶ƳԵ֣֮Ե۾ʵҲ޷һƿ
ɿճ棬̽
Ҷûõ۾ǿƽʥ޾Ѫɱɿճٻ˳̶Ľơ
ɿճ治ϵʳʥ޾ѪɽԽԽǿ£̶Ƴȱڡ
Լңɿճ潫̶ǿĽҧ˰˶ߵȱڣ۾һɿճ뵽˱̹ǣǿ̶֮С
۾죬𣬰ƻ£ҪɡҶ⴫
ף
۾һϢ˺ű̶ˮԼٶ̶ȥ
ܿ죬һӰĵ۾εڵ̶ףһ̻Ŵ֮ƣɢʯʯ֮ϣһȫںڹеӡ
һˣ
žƿߣʵԶʤĵ𣬵۾е飬ͳ˵
۾죬㾹Ȼûô꣬ȥ
ŵ۾ϤϢںڹе˽յ˫һبŵз̶ˮҵط
ұһյأǰЩӲŸո۾콫õ˵ǵ˳
۾죬ʵô֮˵˭𻺻¶ʮͣЩͨ
˵Ҳ˵ʵֲ̫ˣǰ红֮ͯ۾
Ȼ˵Ϊνѹɱɵʵ
ҾͲˣ۾캬˵ټ˲ôĦ
۾죬ҳ˯Ϊ£Ӧòɵİɡ
ҽ㣬ȷʵкҪ£۾˵ǰգ˺ˣϹħѶûֵñˣǸư֮ˣҾʹңɱ˻ʥ
գҳֽܣе⣬Ҳ֪δã£
ʲôݣ˼һ£ʵ
Ļ֮йϵ۾˵
ڳˣ¶֮ɫ۾죬˴ңҪ
Ѿˣ
˵ţסǿƼҶ뿪Ǭʵɲĵǰ


1483 ս
ǵʥ
оҶľ磬۾ʱ
֪ڶ½ת޵ʥ֮ѶȣûдԵǿ󱳾ܴʥ֮
ţпܣĻ֮йϵҰɣѻ꣬ϵʲôܡ
ã
۾˵ͷҶ磬ʮʹĽҶ˵
ڵץ򴩹̶ˮҶʱĸ֪ͻȻᵽһ˿ΣϢ
һųŻ֮ľʯƳҶ壬Լٶȷ
䣡
Ż֮ıѾʯըˣµĻ֮緢Ļɽ˲佫ˡ
ҶڱѾʯը˲䣬ǬС
ˣ
۾ˣֳּƷʥʼǿ֮ҵıընһݺݵն˵Ҫ֮ʣˣս
۾죬ôĵӣұ壬͵Ϯ𣡡ֱ۱ʼ˵ĵŭˣ춨ҡ
ûᣡ
ָɵҶ뿪ǬںʥѪ飬ٵıʵ

ʥ飬ʵǵʥʱϵȼԪ֮˵ʥޣﵽһǵ۷֮
ţȼǿѪ֮ѪԽ˵۷壬ӵ˲ڵĶǵ֮
ţ˼û뵽㾹Ȼͨ
ֱѪĵ˺˻֮ĿؿҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȻǾƿߣŲǿĵƣҶȣԽͨδţδ
ϣϣ
ʵޣҶûеʱ䣬ٻȼƷʥǬľĵ۾죬һһɱ˵
ӡ
Ҷ۾Ϯ˫ֿٵŤµ֮㼯ǰγ󣬷·һصӡײȥ
ƣ
Ҷ繥ȣ£Ǭٵᣬγһ޵еǬ޽һ˺˱̶ˮնԻɽӡ
ӡ飬ٶȼĵ۾һ˲˾Žŵɱ֮ŵͬĹ켣У˵еܿռ䣬޿ɱܣֻȫӭ
۾죬ʵ˲ң
һµ֮γһƬĻӲ۾նľŽ
ŵɱ֮˺ƹĻʱѶݳף׷Ҷɱһ
һ򷨣
ǿĵ⣬ϵؿҶĹʱҶ籬ʮڽһֻϹޣԾԵڵǰݵĵ⣬ݺݵײ塣
ô
Ҷ˲䱬ɫ΢΢һ䣬˫ֿٵطһ˲ӡƣصŵҶµһײ
ǣ
µĴӡҶʱбʮڽײˡ
ţƲҶײһ𣬱챬
ڶ˱һײ˫˫ײʱ콣̥ͰӳҶ壬˲ںϣһĨǣ㲻ĵ
ͣ
콣̥й޵нֱӸƤ˵ı壬Ѫ͸˳
콣̥꣬û뵽ֶô࣡
ḧһ±콣̥˵ؿڣ˲ƣǿѪҲһȼˡ
һö̻Ź׭塰족ֵĹӡֳ壬ѹһء
ҾһʥȻϣ
ڵͷͷſѹ۾첻ɵ¶֮ɫ
֪Ŀ£öǼƷʥģӵսܡ
۾죬Ҳ֪ʲôôѡѣ㱳һӦ׼¶۱ɫɭȻ˵
¹˭̸֣ۻ̫ˣ
˵ţҶٻ˾赣ǰĿռ䣬жԳ⡣
ţʥ
Ӵ壬žгϢüͷšһ
ѵ磬УһõͷԺС
û뵽ϵܻ٣бҪ׽ˣ
˵ţڱ֮뵽УצĽֳХŹҶ硣
ɱ
иֵϮҶ޽ߵĵ뵽УžǿĹ۳ɱӭȥ
䣡
ƷʥγɵĹҵĶԳ⣬ֱ˺̶ռ䣬̶ˮۿɼٶȣ˿ռѺУٵؼ١
䣡
ͻȻٵײµֱײ˾ɱһеݺݵײ˾ϣγǿķ֮뵽ҶУˣʳһʺѪҺ


1484 ȫѹ
Ž
۾쿴ҶˣӵУſµ֮鼶ͼŵն˾ŽҪĹ
κεʵֲ̫ݵĵ£۾նĵŽ޷˺ֺϱԵ۶ϡ
ˣ
ֵס۾Ĺھ֮ϣžǿĹѹһأ򣬺ɱҶ硣
䣡
ҶڵĿռˣҶžһ¡
ţǡ
ƾһϲʱ̣Ҷʧˣδ塣
𣬽ʧߣע㣡
ջؾĿͶݿռʱҶ
ø߼Ŀռ䱦
¶֮ɫҶĿռ֮⵽Ȼûܵһˡ
ħ֣֮Ѫħɽ¯֣
Ҷһ뿪ǬĴƷʥһֳ̣壬й˲Ļ֮
ߣʵĴƷʥδ̫ˡ
֪ʥǺεȵĿֲҲֻҲٿһƷʥ
棿ҶЦЦ˵Ҳɡ
˵ţҶ罫޽ߵĵֱע뵽ĴƷʥУĴʥĹ˵
졯֮
ţҶʵͬʱĴƷʥƾӭȥ׭塰족ӳ⣬žɱ
ǿƵ赹ʱħֻ֮ӡ˻⡣
ţӵмǿײ¯Ѫħɽײ˾ϣµײֱӽˡ
֮
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ƾϵر仯ϵӳ⣬һϮļƷʥʾļɱ
䣡
Ʒʥγ˿ֲľ磬춯صıը𴩶Ĥ𶯾졣
Ž
ҶĴƷʥɱʱ۾ֳֻʼնһռ켣Ľâϵع壬ǣľ壬޷ȫҶ硣
콣̥ն
Ҷӵ޽ߵӵģȫٿĴƷʥͬʱһĶã콣̥ն˵
һնض
ƺƵĽ콣̥вƣµĽýΪ֮˿ɵ
ͣ
ݻ鼶ͼγɵĵĻǽ콣̥µ콣̥˵ı壬ؿһؽۡ
һ
콣̥˵˲䣬۾ʼΪһ壬ŷܵƣݺݵ˵Դòķ
䣡
һģѪħɽ¯ײɣɱħַ֮Ϯ˵𣬱òһܡ
ĴƷʥҺɱ
ץסܵ˲䣬ҶĴƷʥ͵Ĺһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ôܣʵôͬʱĴƷʥߣôġ
Ʊƣ¶˲˼֮ɫ޷ʵ
۾죬ȫҪ
ҶĴƷʥͬʱ۾촫
ʵɲ⣬̸ǿֲȻ·磬ңʩչǿֶΣֵĴƷʥԼ۾Ĺ
ϣٳң
๥޹Ҷ罫ǵʥĲٻһæѹŵ
֮¯
𽥼أµĻ¯ڻ¯ӭĴƷʥ
䣡
֮¯ĴƷʥײһ𣬾ҵĲһ±ˡ
ȥɣ
ƱƵ˲䣬ƣʩչһֹͨѹһߣͻϮҶ磬ҪһҶ壬ɱ
һνʮͻȻ£ҶǰԤеΣգʩչʱ򣬼ӿʱ٣̤ܿ˵⴦Ļǵһ
Ǭն
ţҶƶʮǬ֮ںһ𣬺ſռ䣬һն˵Ӳ
졯ֻ
ڱӳ䡰족ֹǿеֵҶ˵Ĺ
ȻҶƿصĴƷʥҶͬʱٿĴʥͬʱֵס
ĴƷʥ£ֹˣѹһأŵǰռľһαɣõ𲻶ϳŻ𹥻ơ
¯Ѫħɽ˫ѹ
ڵֳ̬죬ƵƽļƷʥӲ赺ħֹ֮ʱ¯Ѫħɽصһ˫ѹֱӽ㲻ĵѹ˲Ѻ۵̶ס


1485 Ѫս
赣ħ֣֮ع
ɹѹ̶ףҶƷʥѹҪһشʧȥս
Ҫɱң̫Զ
Ѫ֮ѣ⵽ĴƷʥĵ𱩺һ⿪еķӡ
һɳҶб˲뵽ȫƶʵڽ
ƣ
𱩺һֳƷʥȫĹѹĴƷʥػ𹥻
ᣡ
һ⽣ɣﵽƷʥȼĳֳ壬֯âӲĴƷʥĹڰС
ССֶˣû뵽㾹ȻƳƣ
ѪΪǱĵҶ磬־ոռҵɱҶ羹Ȼûһ˿ߣ֪ϵʲôܡ
ôƾܸǿģҶη˵⽣᲻Һϲ罫Ұɡ
˵ţҶڵĵޱߵĺ󣬿ĴƷʥϮɱ˵
Ž
Ծ
Ҷȫʱ۾죬˫˫ʩչʥɱŵ𣬷ɢľ

𱳺󽣳һȣӻһٽ⣬˺ĴƷʥĿռ䣬ӭŵ۾Ͳʩչʥȥ
ڼƷʥṥ£۾˷Ĺ˲䱻ƣգ֮䣬ڴʧɫĲǰһ
ϣ
ٻᣬƶٶȳ󣬲£Ҷ绹ܲ׽Ĺ켣ǰᴫͻǬУܿ˵һ
䣡
ڵĿռ⵽ػһµĿռڶĽâ罣һϯ̶
ҵҪҼι
ʧܣĿͶ˵۾죬һĿĽ⣬
һŽ
Ϯ۾ԥʼںһն˾ŵصĽâӲĹ
ҶҲʱĴƷʥ˵𣬼ŵ۾ѹ
ݣ
һĿĽ⻮۾ĵŽ·鲣һˣĵǿɱĹ֯޾Ľâ˵۾졣
ۣ
۾Ȼһ۷֣֮ʵ̫Ӳһ飬ӸǱ޾Ľâɣ罦Ѫ
۾죬ħ㣡
۾ˣҶѸٿƾ赸˿ռ䣬Ƽصĵ۾ԣħ
Ȼ۾֪·ħĸúεȵĿ£޷ˡ
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ʱ𱬷ǿĹӲ俪Ͽռľ赣Ҷ͵۾췢
סֻҪľڷӡ˾ͽʱǾѹ
ҶһԴԴϵĴƷʥעĴƷʥĹһظ߹һصĹ
ĴƷʥſռʱƵľײӲĴƷʥĿռһȱڡ
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Яɱ˲䣬Ҷ籾֮ľƳ壬ҡҷŻ֮⣬ޱȣиſռĽײһ𣬵ֵס˽Ĺ
һ̣ҶͻȻʩչʱе콣̥һâԳԽʱ٣͸ķ϶˵ؿڡ
ħ״ֻ̬֪ɱ¾ĵ۾ҲʱʼںһһճǳΪ֮ϯʮص񽣣ն˵
䣡
Ҷ۾ĹڵϣµĹӲˣѪ콣̥ʳ
ĴƷʥҺ䣡
ץס˵ĻᣬҶ罫鼶ͼݵ£ưĻע뵽ĴƷʥУ˵
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ɹɵҶ۾ʤ׷Ҫô˻ѹĹƣڵķӡ֮
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ĴƷʥԼ۾ʩչĵŽϮһˣʩչ˴ɱС
޾֮ĵⷨ򹹳˹ƪ£֮ⷨһʱ綼Ϊ֮µ·ɱһ飬俪ĴƷʥ˵Ž˲佫Ҷ͵۾ˡ


1486 ȼ
ţֲˣ
޼Ҷ˵˲䣬֪Ҷ͵۾˫˫ʧˣüͷšһ
Ҷ磬ӵк֮Ѫ޽ߵͷŵ
ʩչ޼üƷʥĿǰʵȻľ޴ڽ֮һ
һڽʧĴΣա

˫ɨӣǬݵĿռ䣬ƾȥҪԵĹƿǬķ뵽棬ɱҶˡ
䣡
ݺݵײǬϣµճ˵ѺۣȴδܺǬֺ
⵽ʲôȼĿռ䱦
üͷһƣԾǬķ۾͸֮ɫ
Ҽ
һԴԴϵעǿĵžĹһδײǬƱҪƿǬķɱҶˣۺĿռ䱦
䣡
ı̶ײ𣬿µһδδݻ̶ײռ䣬ȴ޷Ǭ޷˺Ǭķ
Լһʱ䣬ڷӡ֮˲٣Ǭȴ˿¶֮ɫ
ΪʱϵԽãԽٳ޷Ǭķڷӡ֮ľĴʮΣա
ᣬƣ
𲢲ŹҶ磬Ǭϧ۵ĿƷʥǬ
ڣϵŬ£Ǭķһ˿ѣµǬҵĲ
Ҷ٣ɱȥɣ
ȫŷħ֮˫Ѫ죬ȴһ㷭ĵ۾
ٵȵȣ
ȻǬѣҶоԵʵҪǿƿǬķףһֵƵݣٵػָƣĵصȴš
ֹ˴Լһʱڷӡ֮֮Ǭķϵع˺ѵǧٿס
оǬʱ̻ᱻƣҶ֪ڵȴȥˣһŷħ֮ʼ˵ĵ۾죬뿪ǬڲռѺ۵̶֮С
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۾бʵʵ⣬Ҷ͵۾죬ɭȻ˵
ڵķӡ֮ĵĲ˰ɣ֮Ҳ÷ֳʤˣҶƽ˵Ͽһ˿ҡ
ʵսʤңδ̫ˣ
оҶʵ䵽ǵʥ¶˲м֮ɫ
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Ҷһٴβϧ۵ȼԪµ֮˲бȫƶʵڽ˲Խǵʥﵽһǵ۷֮
⣬⵽ʲôͨ
ȫ˵֪룬ǵһμɳԽͨ
Ѫȼգ
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۾Ҳʱʼںһһն˵Ҫ÷ħʧǰ̶ĵڵķӡ֮
ҲжֶΣ춼Ҫ
ʶҶֶΣвһ˿ƾӭȥĴļƷʥ
䣡
Ʒʥײһ𣬱ݻһأ̶нأϹͼּӳ˷ӡ̶ͱݻ٣Ϊƽء
ᣬ뷢
ҶƵĴƷʥײ֮ʣһԽ˻籩֯âɽĽ꣬ϯҶ硣
Ǭ󣬽
ƽϮҶٻʮǬ֮˿ХĽӭȥ
Ǭں˴ʥһһļƷʥ
ټϰҶȫǬ󹥻ʱֵס˽Ĺ
̣֮
ȫ֮ĵ˫ֿٵؽµ֮γһֽһռ䣬ڶһ̣֮ɱҶ硣
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֮֯Ϯʱ۾ڰУ֮ݵ£˲˾ŵ֮ն֮ϣ̡֮
Ž󣬵۾첻ϧļ
ϵع£֮֯ˣδܹҶ硣
ħ֣֮ݿգ
ʱѪħɽ¯ѹס˾Ҷħֶ֮뵽ռ켣Уһӡ˵ĺ󱳡
Σʱ̣ٵȶᣬлûһӰܿħֵ֮ĶݿһڰС
赣Ͽռ䣡
ٶȿνǼ죬ƶ켣ȴݳҶǰԤУƾ赸˿ռ䣬۳ɱ
ȻԵʵǿֶΣӲ˾ɱڵķӡ֮һģеһ⡣
ʱ˫Ѫĵ۾ˣİΣֳֻʼ߹˵ɱ

𱩺һƷʥӳ޾ĵ⣬ǿƷ˵۾Ĺ˳ȥѪ罦塣
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ش۾ʱĸ֪ͻȻԤеΣգܵһܣ㿪˶ռħֹ֮
Ž裬ͨ£
ҶԤеĹ켣˲ԣֳںϰ콣̥һƵ£ݺݵնϣһն˳ȥ
ѪȼգŽ
׹ʱ弸ĵ۾ȼ˴Ѫһն˻صľŽնϣһơ
ϣ
Ҷ翴۾֧ŲסˣѸٽ͵ǬУֳ콣̥ЯƷʥ˵Ҫһشѹ


1487 ɻ
޼
ԵҲƴˣˣ鼶ͼݵ£޼ɱҶ硣
µ֮Ӷϣռ䣬ҪҶ޾С
Ҷ֪һеĿ£ڵʩչ޼ϮʱϵĶǬУǬķֵס޼ĺɱ
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ʩչ޼ҶǬУĵףֱѪ
ʱأڵķӡ֮ǼľҾôҶǬʱ̶֮ϷȥҪȥȱҶˡ
ܣˣ
ҶѸ뿪Ǭ̤׷𣬲뿪Ļᡣ
ᣬƣ
ٶȼķɳ̶ٵȶᣬ֯ĽӰ˽ƿռϹͼҪǿ˺ͼ
ϹͼҶһһżƷʯӲӲס˽Ĺ
ʱҶ׷ĴƷʥ˽ϣ͸ŵơ
Ѫȫȼգ
ڷӡ֮ߣʵʼˣѣ̶ֻȼѪǿ֮ڽ壬̶֮ӲҶĹ
㲻ҪνˣԹɣ
оʵ½ҶȴԽսԽ£ȫѹס͵Ĺƣ̼ġ
òҪңһһûжãҶãɣ
ֵסҶ͵Ĺ·ֱϹͼõ˶ͶӰͷ
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ҶٳδٻħɣͶӰһͶӰҶֻٻħɾԼ뿪ᡣ
ͶӰǾĵƣֻоΣܶá
ͶӰֻܶһΣ뵽ͶӰĺԥˡ
ץס֮ʣҶĴƷʥǿľѪĴƷʥ飬̶ĴƷʥɱ˵
飡
عĵֳƷʥ͹Եʵ͹˾Ϯľɱ벻ϱҫŴĿѪ⣬ѪѪħɽײһ
ڵֳƷʥסѪħɽʱϬ¯صײѪħɽУ˸ӿֲ͸Ʒʥ˵˫У˫Ѫģ
ħ֣֮
Ҷ紭Ϣһ籡ĵע뵽ħ֮У뵽ռ켣𷢶һ
ᣬ
Σʱ̣ƽỤס壬Ӳħֵ֮Ĺ
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ҶѹҶԳʱûջĴƷʥǽ鼶ͼݵ£ĵ˵֮ԴԴϵĴƷʥעһδεĹ
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𣡡
ڷӡ֮ľ˲䣬ƾ⣬ײҶԴҪǿдĹ
ħɣ
ԾĹҶû㣬ǽħٻ˳ֳͭŹӲĹ
䣡
ͭŹײһǿײֱӽײͭŹףħɡ
ħӵħֲ֮ʧصͭŹ׹䱻ɣȴûˣЯħɱ˹Ӳ
ʬ֮ɣʲôˣѵ򡣡
ʶҶֶΣҶݲ˻ɣеǿ
Ҷ繥ϣĴƷʥԽԽǿ޷޷ġ
ʱҪͶӰˣΪѾû⿪ͶӰķӡ
ϣ룬ޡҳ
ӲƴҶҲž޴ѹڵ֮ǼٵģΪ˳ѹһĶãеİִǬٻһ𹥻
Ȼ˵Ĺ޷Ե˺ǵĹǲϵطɢľ߽ġ
콣̥ľ
о֮Ѫ˵ļҶ粻ģٻƣȫ塣
ڣҶ˳ϵع£Ҳֲסķ߽⣬ĴƷʥĺϣֱӽɣݺݵײϹͼϣ弸Ҳܵˡ
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ҪһжͶӰʱҶ翿ٻɻԣѺ۵Դϡ
ʲô
⵽ɻʴ־ˣ˫ͷֵĴ󺰵ҪɻԱƳ
κΣ̫أɻּ졣
ɻʴ£ʶһ˿ʧ֮ԽԽء
أĴԺ걻ɻȫʴ˹ȥ


1488 Ļر
ڳɹˣ
оɻԳɹʴ˵ĴʶƼأ֧ŲסҶ糤һĵ˲Ѻ۵̶ߣڴŴٶһ¡
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ȻڵѪǽĴ͸Ҷ硣
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һ𣬿Ҷ΢ı仯
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ŨǬǬŨ鲻ԽһǬеҶ٣⵽ʲôĿռ䱦
ǬĵȼҲΪĿǰʵֻռ䣡ҶҡҡͷˣɣҪȻᴫ㡣
˵꣬Ҷ˵۾֮أ̽æĵ۾졣
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ϣú˰ɣѾ˵Ƕ˳棬ӦÿսɡҶ
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ָƣ㽫籸躰ΪͽΪӡȻҽƣȥһ취֮ìܡҶ˼һ˵
⵹һ⣡۾˵ͷ
۾һᣬҶ粻ٴˣһŨ֮óٹָʩչȼĵĶԪѹ𣬵õƷʥ;˳Ѫս
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
УҶľǿɹ˼Ʒʥ;ǿ˵̡
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ҶǬʱĺɫ޳ȹ欵͸ջĶ˵ˮҵҶ磬˵ĺ촽΢΢̣ĵ˵
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Ҷ翴ˮ̼װЦЦ˵
ǰǬΪĵİΣȴҺңۡǲӦòЩʲôˮϸָһߵҶǰ߿˵
ҪʲôҶӣӭˮĵ۾ε˵
죬ֻңˮĥ˵Ҫե㣬йͷֻޡ

ˮô£ҶεЭˣˮһŨĶҧŹǣ˵ĴݲУúˮдŶ˵ƪ¡


1489 õ
ɫ԰ף˫ЩҶ뿪˳֮Ķ
Ҷ磬㣬ٱŮңųȥպĿ룬һƤϵˮ̺촽΢̣¶ʤߵЦݡ
뿪·ͿյҶ򵥵Ϣһᣬҵ˵۾죬뿪Ǭ˲Ѻ̶ۣ⣬ϹͼȻϢķص˵۾ĶС
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ζ֮λĵ籸裬֪۾ҪΪͽϢˣ뵽˿ϲ֮С
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ӣ׼£պʼ潫ʽΪͽʱҲһգΪӣ£
볤۵Ĺʦϲɫĵ籸裬ά˼䣬뿪ˡ
ңҡ
籸һֱڱεĸоľþ޷ƽ޷һġ
籸裬㶨𣿡
һߵĽˣ޷Ƽĵ籸裬Ĵ
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籸豻ϲͷѾʼĻ
ʵңȢҵ°ɣ˺籸һˮ
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Ž˾µ޳ˣ͸űʣ籸۾ð֮ɫ޲õӣóԸ
۾Ҫյ籸Ϊͽ£һ㴫˳ȥھȻ󲨣һʱ籸Ϊ̸۵Ľ㣬Ľ
Ŀĸоõ籸һƮƮȻĸо
ʱЩмҶҶ統ڻɱ˵۷ѷĻᣬһӶܱ۷ѹţ
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һգ籸Ŀ˾һüĸоҰ͵˼ޡ
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籸裬һʱ䣬͸̳ҵ²ͳȥһ۾˵籸һƷʥ˵ҪסҵĻֻ꣬о飬ĳɳ
ʦͽʦĻ籸˫ϥأ˵
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籸ܸ۾죬ĸЩĽ籸ȴ֪Ϊĵ۾죬ȴ
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۾ĮؿŴõĪĵ籸裬һ˿˵
ҶҶ١籸һԼĻ⵽׷ʲôʦΪ˵
籸辪֮ʣҶһǰץĲӡ
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Ҷ籸豾ܵȼǿѪ֮ٻ۾ƷʥſµƣɱҶ硣
ݣ
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ģڻüֵҲɱ㣡Ҷ¶ĮЦݣԵǿжԵ籸ѻꡣ
һ̣ڵ籸辪ֵĿע£Ҷòٵطű仯仯
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Ҷûлش籸ĻһƽΣսǬС


1490 ˵ս
ʮպҶαװɵ籸裬뿪˵۾Ķҵ۵ѳҪ
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籸裬Ҹһȥ
ҶԦ뿪ʳʱһɫ޳˹յİ͹£˫޳ü͸һӢĽͻȻ֣ס
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ȻҶαװ޷죬۵ûп籸뽣˹ϵǳý˸ߣϦദп
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˵ţйĽ⣬ͷ㼯һ޵񽣣նصؿնҶ硣
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Ҷ̾Ϣһ˫ɱУģŵ籸˹ʽնһֱն޵н⻯ɵ񽣡
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һնˣ˱ǽ˺һ
У
Ҷͫһ˲˾ָ˽˴̳ɱǿһ
ͣ
һָâƣһգµĽâò񷶼Ϊ֮ɫ

Ҷ粻ɵ̾һ
û㣬ӭһȥ󵨵ľٶýɫ΢䡣
ͣ
ɱɱҶ壬ڽľʱͻȻоһֻֿס󣬿µӲĸжˡ


1491 ֮֮
ٶȲӰոٶȲӰ
˷·ĸҶߵ飬ԺвϵָոմҶһĻ
޷ţת˲ŵʱУҶ羹ȻûٶȲӰƭ
ˣȥɣˣ
Ҷ罫ߵĸʧĽˣһԾ֮ϾҪ뿪
籸裬֮Լ𣿡
عĽĸʷ仯Щ͸Ҷ磬ͻȻų˵Цݡ
Լ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Ѹٵ䡣
˵ˣֻҪңҾˣûһ˿Ť󣬺ŵ˵ˣʱȢҡ
ãҸеңҰʦҪĥ£ͻ㣬Ȣţ
Ҷװ¶˼֮ɫŵ
ͻȻֿˣҡҡͷȥģȥġ

ˣȥɽˮ߲㣡
Ҷ粢˺츳ߵĽˣɣΪ˼ƻҶֻܽ
Ϊʲôܸߣȴܣ˾ǿ˵һԾڰлһĻߣ֮ϣ˫ֽ§סҶ
ˣҪʱˣ߰ɣ
§Ҷ磬ɢ֮ͻȻָоµ¶ǳǳЦݣߴٵ
ˣһɲҪڣҶһεѵ
ôһ㣿Щ˵ҪΪսʤңƲңұ֤һ̤ؾ
Ǻðɣߣ
Ҷ翴Ѿ֪Ȱ˵Ҳûʲô壬ԦѪͳؾػ£ȥ
籸裬ʼ洫ĵʲôͨΪηʤ޷׼ȷ֪
˽§Ҷǿ׳֫Դϣʵ
ʱͿռ򣡡Ҷ紫Ӧ̫£ҽӴʱжֻ̣Ƥë
Ǵ˵Уµ򣡡˵ɴ˫ۣ¶֮ɫ籸裬ǳףɷʼ˵˵ҲлӴ򡣡
û⣡ҶʮʹشӦ
ллΪж籸裬оʼȥ
ȥһٻҶ紫Ԧٵıۡ
Լʱ䣬Ҷ˲߲ݵļԦƥѪͳԽ˼뵽Уֻʱ䣬ڰʱ֣ĳǳأ⡣
߰ɣҶˣȥһɣ
αװһҶһˣ뵽˷ٸģǣס˳һģ޽һԵɫ˵ĿջС
籸裬Һס
ȻҶý˶סȴִҶסһ䣬ֱӴ̽ҶѨ
ô㲻𣿡ͫ΢ЩҶ磬˲Ūһ´յͷ㲻һܾ𣿡
ˣҾûǽĶڳ֮ҹȽϺãҶЩεȰ˵
籸裬ʲôʱôظˣ˲ΪȻ߰ɣǻط䡣
˵ţǿҶĴ֣סһӦȫ᷿С
籸裬ҷЩˣ˷ţΪҶ絹һһɣǲǱαװġ
Ϊʲôô˵
Ҷ΢ȴû¶һ˿ɫ
Դһָо˵ԭôҪõң뻳ȴ
ˣҲǶʦңҪ׷ϴҪеľͶ뵽֮УȻҽµµΪһҶԺ˼ת˵۾͵
ˣΪһӻᱻȨҰɱ˫ۣ͸޵֮·
ҶĽͣ޵ϸֳ˵ЦݣץסҶĴֵе·㲻µһһֱ㣿
ˣҷı仯ܴͬ󣿡˿Ž˽εʲôʱˡ
Ϊˣֻңɫ˵˵ҽһԾŶȻңҾˣοϲ㡣

һףҶͷˣһָо˽˵ƵԼ
籸裬˰ɣȥϴˮźԡ˷·һˣˣ˵
ǻȳȥԵ㶫ɣҶץŽ˹⻬Сֵ
ϴ裬ڳȥ䣡ǿƵ˵ΪҶ׼ϴˮȥˡ
֮֮
Ž˳ıӰҶ̾Ϣһ
֪ʱ˿ѾûнڣǾɡ


1492 ݱ
籸裬ϴˮźˣɣ
ҶĿϢһᣬ΢Щ䣬ȴҶļԡ

Ҷ̾Ϣһ֪Ƕ㲻ȥˡ
ڽļʶأ覣һͬԡҶﲢų⡣
߽ƮŵԡҶһɵùһ¡
ѵе·վԡͰߵȴԼ
΢΢źεϣû¶һ˿Ťͺ֮ɫ˵̬ҩһʳҶߡ
籸裬㻹Ÿʲô
˿ԼҶ磬󵨵˵
ã
Ҷһ˹ȥڽԶ£ѵȫ·Ʈˮ֮С
ԡʱ˲ϷܵӴ˹⻬еԵƤҶϻҶҴܣȼеĻ档
籸裬ʲôʱôʵˣ㲻Ҫ𣿡һҶϣűЩȻҶ
ˣγģģʦ֪ңҶŬѹĵĻ棬͵
籸𣿡
˽߿Ҷ۾ͻȻʵ
ǰ
Ҷʵڲ˺ˣŬؿԼ
籸裬ǲܾҵģ˲ĵ˵Ҫҡ

Ҷε̾Ϣһ֪Щ㲻ȥˣûһ˿覴õ§˻Уʪ촽
ܿ죬ˮԡͰн
˵鳬Ҷ󣬵ȼҶ磬ʵ۷塣
ţԣ㲻籸裡
һɾ뵽ʱС΢ţɫޣ⻬Ƥ͸ŷۺɫĽͻȻ˫ۣо˶ɣŭ
ˣôˣ
ͻȻĽˣҶԺͷƽʵ
㵽ʲôˣΪμð籸裡
һĽڷŭĽ˹⻬б޵н⣬նҶ硣
ˣ㵽ôˣʲô裡
Ҷһӣǿĵ˽ն޵н⣬벻Լ¶
ɵСˣ㵽׽籸ôˣΪʲôαװƭң
ˣû뵽ԼܹϵĲǵ籸裬ˡ
Ҿǵ籸谡ҶӲͷƤ
Ϥ籸ڵĵڵĵȻͬټոշı֣Ҹҿ϶Բ籸裡
ѸٴǬָó˺ɫ磬ס˵Ĵ⣬ֳĸָҶ㵽˭
ȻˣҲˣҶ֪ˣ̾Ϣһ˵ûҲǵ籸衣
㣬޳Сˣɱ㣡
˸޷ʵȼǿѪ콣̥һҶ緢͵ʽҪɱһϴˢ衣
䣡
˷δһɳѣ֮꺣֮УһһƬհס
һ̣Ҷ籬ǿĵ˵նĽâƵ˽һƽΣ·뵽ǬС
ҶǬлѣ˲˾޴ʵ࣬콣̥Ҷ緢
Ǭ֮ѹ
ǬУҶǾԵףƿµǬ֮˽˷ĹӲѹԭء
ˣȲҪ˫ŭĽˣҶЩεҡҡͷ֪ջŭһвɵģҲţŴܾһδһϵ顣
ʵǷոյ£㷢ܣѾˣ
ô˵Ӧøл޳Сˣջ˵
ô˵Ҷ̾Ϣһ
㵽ʲôˣŭŶӵҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
˭
Ҷ翴ŬŭԼĽˣʵ
㣬ѵҶ磡
ͻȻһӰԺУ鲻Խľ
ң
˵ţҶָʵò
㽫籸ôˣ
û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼû͵۾йϵݸе˾ɣΪ籸İΣе˵ǡ
Ҫģˣһɣ
Ž˷ŭҶͻȻЩ̣ı⣬Ź籸裬һǬؿռٻ˹
ˣŰɣƽ磬ݻԻỹɣ
˵ţҶûǬоôһ档


1493 ּ
ⶼʲô°
ҶҡҡͷȻϢؾܷ䣬ǶΣûɵ籸ģ뿪˿ջ̤ŻҰĵƹ⣬ǹϵĽֵι䡣
ĳǳأʮֵķֵ֣ϲʱܺǵˡ
Ҷעϣͷǿ꣬Ѱ˵Ļᡣ
ͻȻһҶͷŵӦĿⲻɵÿ
֮ѵ
Ҷ˳Ŵ֮ݻȥһ޽繬һ㣬ƻͨĽȺ⡣
Ȼ
ҶǿڽȺвϢ¶˵Цݣһһ뵽˽Ⱥڣ˳һȣһ̻Ի͵ĴС
ʱɫȹͿױʸţһĻڸ̨֮ϣϸָᲦң԰εɡ
δ⻨Դ֮˼Σ¿ÿľ괺
Ҷ˽䴦۾Լꡣ
ֻӦУ˼ܵüţǺһգһɫ볤ۣӵһͷѪɫɢŵɱӣеȣվǬƮѪӣҺϲϣ֪ܺ͹ｻ𣿡
ã껺վ¶˵Цݣ˵
˶ӣ֪ǿɷ񵥶̸̸вٻҪԹ˵ǬƮѪĿȵؿʶصĻ
˼ӣеˣʲô˵ɣίľܾ
ǺãҾֱ˵ɣҶԹһģɹΪ檣֪ɷԸ⣡ǬƮѪԵ˵
˼Ҫˡ޷ӦҡҡͷֱӾܾ
Ĳúÿһ𣿸ң㽫ٻһǬƮѪģ˵
ǻȥɣ
ûٶ˵ŲϵĹ٣һ̳ȹѾͬ¾Ҫ뿪
ߣûߵ𣿡
ǬƮѪ˵߾ߣһӣʵվ˻뿪·
󵨣СԹʥŮ˭ԹĲ
˻ǰƯĴ۾ŭһ֣ǳ
˵ô˵ƯԭԹʥŮǬƮѪϵЦݸŨˣҸıעˣίңȢΪޡ
ǲ̫Լˣ꿴ŲϾǬƮѪɫҲת䣬˵ÿɣȥ˭á
أ
ǬƮѪԽԽĶԹȻʵǿȣмʵࡣ
ҪģûôҪģ
ͻȻһ̾Ϣ˽ŵգûòҶ绺վ
ţ˼Ӣ۾ģǬƮѪ¶˱ЦݵŸʲôҴ֪֫Ӣ۾³
ǣӣ
ս޻ʾִΧ˹ȥҪѵҶ磬֫
ƾǣ
Ҷ¶һ˿мһĽâзѳڶӦǶ˵ͱޱȵĽâѪ罦һء

ͻһĻ˲ˣòٵС֮˾ֵļ
ģôĹɱˣ
ǬƮѪû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬵ڻɱ£ʱŭˣٻһ׼ʥȼѪɫǹ֯ɺɫĵ⣬һǹҶ硣
ɱ
ҶŹѷĻᣬֳ˫ɱӭȥǬƮѪڽ̻Ի͵Ĵмսһ
С㣬ǲҪˣ߰ɣ
һ˿żɱҶǬƮѪС˵
ٵȵȣ
ҡҡͷĿһֱҶ磬֪ΪΣҶʱһʶĸо
ʲôһϣɱ
ǬƮѪû뵽Ҷʵ˵ĿֲԼսУ޷ѹĹƣȵĽڽڰˣ߳ŭ
ǣӣ
һִ׷ٻԵĵɱҶ硣
˶𣿡
ҶͻȻڽһֳ˫ɱǬƮѪ͵ĹµϵǬƮѪеѪɫǹն˳ȥ
ȫ·ɢһ㣬ѪǬƮѪʱҶͻȻǰһŲϣ˫ɱϵʵ㣬նĹͷ


1494 Ǭ
󵨣Ĳͷˣٷӣһͷ壡
֣ǬƮѪΣգʱŭҶ磬в
𣿡
ҶӴ˽ŵ׵һǬƮѪԴѪ˳Ⱦ۾
ɱ㣡
ΪӣǬƮѪεܹܴ裬ŭһڵ籡Ҷ硣
ʵ
ҶѸնһڽĵâֱͼݺݵնǬƮѪؿϣѪȪһӿ塣
ס֣ס֣
Ҷ統شǬƮѪֻǬƮѪ£ǽѴ̣Ʊػ⵽ϳͣпܶ
ҷҲԣҶ¶һ˿ЦݵǱóУɡ
㵽ʲôˣ֪ĺ
ˣǬƮѪʵˣǿʹʵ
˭ҪҪǣ֮ڣ޷һƷ쾧ɣҶ粻һ˿˵
ãھϵ֣
̬չֲţͨѶ飬ϵܣǬƮѪ֮´˻ʹ֮С
ӣ岻ǣ㻹Ƿ뿪ɣҪΪ£޹
û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼڶթ壬ɫͬʱİΣ
İɣһûҶ¶ŵЦݵǹǲҪô뿪ɡ
ӿɷմҶӣ磬֪ݡ
лᣬһȥԹҹģҶ纬˵˹Σգ㻹뿪ɡ
ãҾԹȺӴݣ˵ͷһСġ
˵꣬ڴͬ£뿪˻ҵĴʧںҹС
ǬƮѪ˵ԸһƷ쾧ȡ𣿡
뿪Ҷ˫ɱϥˣѪеǬƮѪߣʵ
ģҸһҵģ
ȻǬƮѪ޲ýҶǧУҶʵֲ̫˼ɲѣֻžʹҧʡ
ϣɣòһƷ쾧ֻˣҶ٩٩̸ʱϣ㲻ҪңϾҲǱƲѡ
ǬƮѪ
ಣ
ҶǬƮѪһ㣬һ˵ʱһ˾ĴܣûҵȺͻȻƽҶ磬Ҫ˵ǬƮѪ

˾ܽ˲䣬Ҷȫڽ壬ױȵѹȸкƻ˾ܣһȭ˳ȥ
أ
ʧصײһִʯʱʹİһͻȻˣһѪ
ĿҶһȭ䱬һ˾ܵһĻǬƮѪɴ˫ۣĪĲг˲
ʱʶҶֶΣһָо岻һƷ쾧ҶпܻɱԼ
ǬƮѪЮֵϢ壬Ȼ󲨣ǬײȻŭʮʵܣһƷ쾧ǣӪǬƮѪ
ˣ˻ûǷˣ
Ҷĵȴʱ䣬ٳٵȲˣʧȥģ˵
𼱣ʳǾǽԶҹƽһҵģ
ҶɢɱǬеĲӵǿңֵ˵
ðɣ㻹ʵķϣٵȰʱ䣬ʱ˲飡Ҷؾ
ʲôҴߣѵҪſģǬ׳ɤӣִ󺰵
ǣǣϵ
һ׷ó˴Ѷ飬Ҷ棬ϵ߲㡣
ܿ죬õѶϢڸ·ϣһʱǾͻ
ʱһһڼ尾Уһʱȥˡ
ԽԽŵǬףɤʱʮǿϢˡ
ˣˣ
оֵϢǬ뵽ϲ֮ɫǲۿת
ʱһִӵػ˼ĸоٽȳ졣
쾳ܣʡϲ
о쾳ܣؾʮ˾ܣҶ¶˵Цݡ
壬ң
߽һƳۣϽڣȲӣǬƮѪ·𿴵˾ط󺰡
ƮѪ
ү쾳ǬһƲǬƮѪĿͶϥҶ磬ݿܵ
һƷ쾧𣿡
Ҷ۾Ǭʾ˵
Ҫ岻ݣǬЩջ˵
˲ϲ˵ϻûһƷ쾧Ǿ͵ȸʬɣҶ˵
ãһƷ쾧Ǭ·˼Ҷ磬óһöǬָӸҶһƷ쾧棬ɷƮѪ
ȼһ£һƷ쾧û˵
˵ţҶͷǿĻ͸ǬָС
ˣ
͸Ǭָ˲䣬һɿµڽָбֱӺĻ꺣
ˣ
һ̣ǬΪ׵֣׷׳ֹҶ磬Ҫȳ˵ǬƮѪ


1495 

Ҷεȵǿػ꺣Ǭָб޷˺
ԻڶСʱҶѨڽȫһϮĿ¹ӭǬ
ӡ
Ǭû뵽Ҷ⵽ֹȻû£ȫѪ֮һֻ䲻ĴӡХ룬ХײҶ硣
ƣ
Ҷ籩һڽ˲㼯ſռ䣬ǿ̬Ƶӡ쾳Ǭ
ȥģ
ţҶ磬סҪܵǬƮѪӣµ˲ѹڿӿĵᵽ˰С
ƮѪ
Ǭû뵽ԼĻǵļƻʧˣԾҶµʵŭͺ
ʵڲӦóƭң
Ҷ̾ϢһĮ˵ɱǬƮѪ˵
ҪɱңǬƮѪŴ壬㻹ʲôһƷ쾧
̫ˣһƷ쾧Ȳˣ
ҶҡҡͷסǬƮѪӵͻȻµֱĲӣɢ꣬ɱ
ƮѪ
ܵǬƮѪ˲ʧһɳŭǬбҲû뵽Ҷĵô󣬵ڻɱǬƮѪ
ôܷŭҶ罫ǬƮѪʬӻǬʱ͵ڽ˵
ү֣£ػʹʱ´ðɣ
һֲۣĿߴƣɫ裬쾳ߣͭŭҶ
ã
Ǭһ֣˷ռ䣬Ҷ뿪Ļᡣ
ɱӣ͵ųɣ
췢ٻһƷʥȼĳָҶ磬ɱڵ˵
ɱң޷Ըˣ
˵ţҶٻϹͼסȺǬͼС
ô㻹뽫ȫɱˣ
ǬҶ˾٣üͷһᵽһ˿Ϣ

Ҷƿռ˲䣬췢иֳͼĵ壬ֳƷʥնˮкذһָռ䣬նҶ硣
ȹҲ̫ˣ
Ǭ˵·Ҷ粻ʵ֣˳ԾĿע£ص˺췢նһ
췢쾳ܣֳƷʥһ֮ǿɽɱؾܡ
ҶѪ֮Ľâʱµֱ۶˽â㾪˵ӡ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
Ǭ޷ǰһĻԾҶµս
㿴˭
˵ţҶ仯˵籸ģ
籸裬Ǿӵ籸裬ʵôô죡
籸ΪֿȵˣǬ˶ΪϤϤףǬüͷšһ
ʦ֣ϿģҶģµ籸˵Ȼ˵
籸裬ҪΪΪʦͿɱӣҵȷҲ𣬼ŭǣûкô
ǬŵҶ磬ĴΪջؾ
ɱǣ˭֪£Ҷ΢΢һЦɱȻ˵
úúã챾Ҫ£ʼ浽׸ʲôƣޱߣĿˣ
Ǭȫŭˣ췢ʹһɫֹҶ硣
ͻ֪ˣ
˵ţҶٻ˵۾쵱ڴ籸Ʒʥ̣ȼպ֮ѪԴԴϵע޽ߵĵӳĿǹ⣬ǰǬˡ
䣡
ı
ǬȻ幥ƷʥǶҲѪʹ಻ѡ
̣֮
Ҷʤ׷ȫĵͷ㼯ռڶһ̣֮Ťǿͷ޾ĵɱǬˣȫѹǶ˵Ĺơ
ҶһжսǬͺ췢ʱó˴Ѷ飬﷢´ͻ壬Ȼ󲨡
ʲôƮѪˣɱǾӵ籸裡
籸ɱƮѪǬڣ
֪һϢǬײȻŭһ˽Ӳӵη֣ɢŭ
̫籸̫ΪΪʦͿΪΪˣǬ׻ðɵϧܵ籸裬ҵҪ۵θһ


1496 ΪƸΪ
ϳʥףƣ
Ҷûֹ˴ѶţǴѶ֮󣬼ɱҶ磬ͷųǧϳʥף趯ߣеĴѶ飬һһˡ
ҶĹеĴѶʱǬͺ췢ߣ˫˫ʩչɱУҶ磬Ҫô˻ᣬشܡ
糤ӱϮɱϮҶû㣬Ѹٺȭ鼶ͼĻֱ֮ƵǬ˵ɱС
еƣ
ռ䷢ʱǬԾ𣬿Ʒʥе˲佻֯ٵصâնҶ硣
ߣƷʥң
˵ĴѶ飬Ҷ粻ʵڽµ˺ſռ䣬ֱӽնİе˳ȥѺڰеӡ
ʲô
ĿҶײƷʥеһĻǬľһ£뵽Ҷոջ˴ѶһĻһõͷֳԺ
㣬㲻ǵ籸裡
뵽籸죬Ҳڶ̶ʮʱڣʵƷʥǬеԼ뵽һ޴ıС
㻹ɵҶ¶˵Цݵ
㣬㵽˭Ҫʲô
ȷǰ֮˲ǵ籸裬Ǭֻ
ΪոѾ﷢£ѶǬ׽ŭ´ãп֮ˡ
˾֪˭ˣҶԵƥ˵
Ҷ˵ʱ췢߰ó˴Ѷ飬ҪҪϢǬףҪмơ
ͻȻһĿɫâǰҶǿ겶׽Сٻ깥
ᵽв췢߱ܵ㣬Ĺٶ̫죬գ֮ƿķԴ룬ѪɥȪ

ĿҶɱ쾳ܵһĻǬһֱ׺䶥ĸоȫһͷһ
㣬Ҷ磡
ɱ췢ߵİ꣬ǬԺֳһˣ鲻Խľ
˭ˣ
ҶûԼݣ̹Ȼ˵
Ҷ磬ҪʲôѵҪսɣ
뵽Ҷưڰ᪻ʳѪȷһĻǬе̬ԡ
벻ǣ޹ˣҶ˵Ȼת䣺ǹɡ
˵ţҶٻ˲ᣬڣ룬ǣϮɱ羪֮֡
ռ䱻Ϲͼû·˵ʵֲ̫Զʤǣֵס͵Ĺ
ʮʮֱɱһʬѪɥȪ
ţŹңֻҪϷŹңҿԴӦκεҪ󣡡
Ŷϲҽʶ˿ֲʵǬӲɵòҡ
ʱû֣Ϊ˻ϣסĵ
Ҫ
ҶЦһǬһȭ
ǣ
ΣУǬȫǱƴطκҶһȭֲ̫ڽݿķһȭؿϣعǣһȭ˳ȥ
һ̣ҶγɽѣǬĻ꺣Уֱӽ꺣˺ѵǧٿףش꣬۵˹ȥ
֮鼶ͼƣ
شǬ壬Ҷٻ˻֮鼶ͼͷųµĻ֮⣬֧Ļ꺣УʱڿĴʶ
Ǭ˵ģǬ״Ѷ﷢£
Ϊ˼Ǭ׸ŭ֮սҶǬ꺣д˲ϢǬ״Ѷ
ʲôǰȥԮƮѪ˼ȫûǵ籸Ϲʥֱ֪һϢǬ׵ķζըˣڽ֮д۵£㲻һĴ𸴣Ǿͱҷս
أ
Ѷ֮Ҷ΢΢ǬԴ꣬ɱ
ţҶͷŷʥһѻȼȺֵʬȫճɻҽ
ʬ֮Ҷ罫˴ͻǬϹͼ˿ջУҵ˱ΣһֱԵؾܡ
ʼʩҶ֮鼶ͼǶ˵ĴʶǸ۵Ѷ籸豻ɱϢ˵۵УͼӴʹıС
ȻҶƻãţе۾죬ڱƲ۵ᵽ˶Ҳûãս赲
ңսʱǽõĻᡣ
Ҷɱ˾ؾܣȻϢ뿪ǣǰڵĹɽ׼һյ죬ҿܡ


1497 
ʲô籸ˣɱˣ
ӵ籸Ϣ۵סˣԺͷûбˣֻɻ
籸ݵ۾ΪʦΪӣ䶯磬ǽֿ֮ˣڹϣȴɱս
˼һᣬ۵ϵȥ籸ؾܣѯһЩϸϵ⡣
ʱĶˣѾҶڣɵ۵ϵ޷ϵǡ
ѵҲˣ
۵ԽԽЩΣܸоЩԾ
籸ʼͽܣôҲҪ֪ʼ棡
Ȼ籸Ǵӣ۵ϲҲΪ۷Ϊӵԭδõ۵ʧȥԣ˼һᣬǰ˵۾Ķ籸Ϣ˵۾졣
ʲô籸ˣһɳŭڵ۾ɢһֻŭʨ۾ŭʵʲôô󵨣ɱͽܣ塣
˵ɱ籸ĸ֣ԭΪһŮˣ۵ûޱ˵
壡۾װ뵽˼еҪսɡ
ҲŪҪʲô۵̾Ϣһһɻ᲻˹ݺ壬Ӷ¶ˡ
ţܣ۾˵ͷѪծѪ˭ɱͽܣҶҪΪ𡣵ϵʣô˵
ǣʼ棡
۵ֳִѶ̣ϵʱ뱩ŭ֮еǬס
۵ʦһͣȫȼǬеŭ۵ڴѶз˼ҵ֮Ĺϵ
ѴѶ̸ң۾ǡôҪ˴Ѷ̣ϵĺǳǬףϷϷһ仰籸Ƿйء
ŭǬ׺ʾ˵ѵֻɱˣǱ
ãϷŻڣҾʹͱϷ飬ս۾Ե˵
㵱ŴģҪս㣡
˵ţļʧȥǵǬ׽Զ봫Ѷ
ʼ棬Ҫս۵֪սĺʵ
ȥϢ
˵꣬۾뿪˶˵ڵ̶
ԼһʱһǿϢ̶Ϣ֮ǿʹ
۵ݼ𣡡
Ȼ۾ǾһʣǾƿߣ۾һͬĵ𣬵۵ӹ˾ʮȣ
Ѿ˵ˣҾŵʱ̫ˣõĳЩѾԣ˭Եİ˵
ȻҲ򷢶սȥţ۵Υ˼ӵ
ȥɣϼһﶥţҪסӡʱ䣬ħﹲ棬ѾǸˣǲ֪ôҲع˼档
ǣ
Ȼ۵Ȼɻ󣬵ʱֻܴ׼ս
죬˵ҶִⷢսΪʲô۵뿪󣬵üͷšһȻǵʵشȴ޷նǵĸ
Ҳ²룬ҶٵĿľҪҿˣ۾ҡҡͷ
ʱһš
ȻʵԶʤΪʣǬ׸ʹοǵʧȾء
һһըԵϢըˡ
ʵ۵Ȼӵ籸豻ɱˣΪѪгˣս
ϢһȻ󲨣ˡ
ܿ죬Ӧŭߵڰףڸ࣬ƣսȫӭս
һʱ䣬ձÿǰؽš
պ죬Ϊ׵ľͻϮ߾޵еֱ̬ӻ߾ǳأҴҸս
ڱ߾ɱʱΪ׵崫ͻȻ֣Ը
һʱȫʥɹ˿µ췣ͻƵһǵ֮ȫ£ܲϵ䡣
ʵͲ⵽󶥼Լգ˹˲˾޴
ԽԽأòŵ˼شۣԮ
ԼǣŲսʱҶԦۣʱ·˽أռ伫ȶĹɽ⡣


1498 ɽ
ڵˣ
ɽɽ಻վĹɽҶ罫Īϵ㣬ٻ˳
磬ǡ
Զľ죬ƮɽͻȻһĪļ¶ɴ۾ʵ
ǹɽ㸸µĴ֮ɽ
ҶḧһСԴ˵
졭˹ɽ磬˵Ҹ׻𣿡
㣬㸸׿ǴôģҶο߰ɣȥ졣
˵ţҶ˼Ԧȫȼʥ䲻Ļ룬ɽ̸ĹɽУɽȥ
ɽĿռô
ΧͼɽнʱݵԸоɽпռʮֵĴҪ˵ĸ֣˺Ŀռ䡣
磬оɽеЩŹ֣
Ҷ˼Ԧ룬Сڹɽнһʱʱĸ֪ɽпռͬ磬
оˣҶ˵ͷɽռ쳣Ӧйϵ
վסǺˣΪν뵽
ͻȻһ쾪װҶ˶УһɫۣĿݣѩ׳ɢ˫磬˫ݽյ̤һƣɽƮסҶǡ
ţʥ
оߵʵҶ¶֮ɫһʥ
мʥ޻롣ȫȼʥĻ룬бʣˡ
ˣҶ˵ͷǰ֪ΪγѵѾˡ
ǲҪҼһǵ˵
ûлشҶĻҪҶ˵ѪǷ񴫳塣
ǣ
Ҷ˵ͷɫƽ˵
ڻ߰˿ҪƽʱҶԥȼʥѪ飬ǵʥ۷֮֯ɽն
ǵʥܣ
оҶ˲䱬ĵɫ΢䣬ǿ㼯һֻ޴צҪץնɽâ
ͣ
һƥ˺ѵ
۵צҶһ˺ѣµĽâһܡ
̣֮
ݵ˻ܵ·ߣҶתͷ˿µĿռڶſռɱ˻ߵƶ켣ϡ
䣡
ԲһĿռһ£̱֮ըͷŵߴӰк˵棬ҳһӡ
ˣѸٷһʥŭڰеҶҪʲôѵҪ֮ս
Ϣ̫ˣѵ֪սò˶ãûû崫ˣҶ˵Żߵġ
ôҪԿ½ɫˮ˵
˵ˣ
˵ţҶ̤˺ؿһȳڻǰֳѹõƷʥն߷͵Ĺ
ȻϹܣʵֶνԲȴԶԶҶ磬⵽Ҷֳն͹ĹƱ˲ѹƣɱҲҶǿ̬˺ơ
̣
ֵסҶ糱ˮĹƣѸ³һߣﵽƷʥȼḶ́ûӰգҶ磬Ҫرؾ档
Ʒʥ湻ģ
ϮĻ̣Ҷٻ˾赣գϮӰ۳ɱɱ˻ߡ
䣡
ɱ˻֯ķϣ˳ȥѪģ⵽ش
Ĺɽռ䣬Ǳ赴ݻ٣ʮ
Ʒʥ
ž͸Ļ֮˳ſռɵĻߵˣϵɽȥ
ӵõ𣿡
ҶٻƷʥᣬһ˺ƲݵĿռ䣬ס˻ߡ
һƷʥ
оҶٻ·ɵĽҲǼƷʥߵˣѸٱ仯һֻСɽСͨɫţǷȫźƬţھ֮ײҶ硣
ԭıһֻţ
Ż߻ûı壬Ҷ粻ܣԴԴϵ򽣳עŽ֮ƥĽâӭȥ
ͣ
Ҷţײ˲䣬ޱȵĽ˲ƿţĹͷ֯޾ĽâֱӽţӴ룬ѪѪ꣬һռѺˡ


1499 ˭
գ
ǿƻɱʥţҶƷʥ̣һԽݵĿռ䣬ɽȥ
ûɶãҶظоǿϢԼЩϢȫԽ˶½ޡ
û뵽ϹŴܣ֮ս˯һֱػܣȤܴ󣡡
һʥħʥʥϢԼҶ粻ɵ¶֮ɫ
ȻҶʵ͵̣ȫնɱκξʥħʥʥһָоɽ˵𼶴ܡ
𼶴ܣʵֻʩչȼǿԪжԿ
࣬ﲻӦĵطȥɣٽǰУϷ
ҶһڽصعɽзУʱһ˯ɽеĴˣµ쾪ףҶϷġ
ﱾ磬ΪβҶԵػӦ
Զ޴ϵٴ𣺡磬ˣ廹Щֵˡ
𣿡
ҶͫһһȭƬĿռˣµȭâҷųβͣһȭһǿƵɽڣ¶ɫۣѩ׳䵽ӵߡ
ţǵʥоҶľ磬¶֮ɫѵػߡ
˾֪˭ˣ
˵ţҶ̤˺ݿռ䣬֯ɽӰܡ
ǣ
Ҷ缱ٿܻǵб̫ҪĿĹâƵһӣǰĿռ䷢壬γǿĿռ֮Ҷ硣
飡
ռϮҶû㣬Ѩں֮һȭһȭռˣƽɫ΢ܡ
ô˵Сʱӵǿˡ
ʥѪ飬飬ڣ
ǰʥ۷֣Ҷ粻Ҵ⣬ںʥǿʥ֮Ӳľǵʥܷ͵Ĺ
Ҷȭͷܲϵƴһʱڽˣ籡֮
꣬ն
ӲһʱҶһٻ˰꣬ӰĽâƥеնܣܵһܡ
ᣡ
ܵ˲䣬ҶҫĿĽâ񽣹ɵĽƳ壬ڴл
ţᡭҶٻļƷʥᣬ¶֮ɫʥôϡ
Ȼ͸ҵģ
˵ţҶٻ鼶ͼ޾ĵӿ˽У֯޾Ľâܡ
ʵǿûмƷʥԽĹĹƱ˲ѹƣĽ᲻ϵ˺ķ
̣֮
Ʊѹƣڽڰ˵ȼǿѪ֮ƹӿ֮˿ռڶ̣֮ɱҶ硣
Ѫħɽƣ
̺֮Ҷٻ˵ڶƷʥѪѪħɽݺݵ֮ϣǿƵʩչĴɱУѹı塣
ȫѪħɽѹʱһĿĽǰ콣̥ںһ𣬻һĿâһܵϣһ˳ȥѪ˰С
ǣ
ʶҶĿ£Ѹͨ徧Өʯͷһƣ뵽ɽС
һ̣ɲߵϢڹɽˣſµϢԼٶ߷
࣬Ҳʲôݣ͵ʲôϵ춼Ҫ
ű콣̥˵ؿڣŭҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ô֣ˣҶЦһ˵죬һ֪磬˭ǾԵס
˵֮ʣ̶ƿһ̴һͷģӷ׵ӳߡ
̣ˣ
ؿڵĽۣüͷ΢΢һ壬˵
СʵףƷʥȺɱ˵
̷һʥѹסƣ˵
Ʒʥ
ͷӵ۾ʱҶԽȡ
һ̣˵ıˡ
ǿƷʥҶͷټƳҶĽᣬһ˾Ʒʥ
Ȼ˵ˣһ·ɣ
˵ţҶȼ˺֮Ѫʵٴ޽ߵĵƳ壬ע뵽ƷʥС
׼ǿ̬ɱʥ


1500 ǿɱ
ô㻹ͬʱƷʥ
ΪϹŴܣ֪ٿؼƷʥĺε֮󣬾ʥ۷ʵҲܿһƷʥǿ
֪Ҷǿĺ֮Ѫӵ޾ĵ
𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ赲ϵر󣬸գצݻصƵľɱû˾赣η˰ˡ
ɱϮ˷׷ٻǿƷʥӭȥԵʵž赵Ĺ
ħ֣֮
Ҷ£ħֶ֮գڰͷգƿµĴ֣ŷԲһĿռ䣬ѹ˰ˣɢǵĹ

¯
Ѫħɽ
ȫֵħ֣֮ʱҶƷʥײ˵塣
䣡
ͬʱ⵽ҶƷʥ˳ž޴ѹʹƴط
κΣƷʥֲ̫ǿȴûмƷʥʮ˵ķͱƷʥˣ⵽ػ
ôܣʵôͬʱٿƷʥߣ
ԽԽأֵסƷʥİˣˣ˵Ҷֶγǵ֪롣
󣡡
ʶҶĿ£Ѹ崫дԴԴϵصµ֮壬ݻ崫УҪ󷨺ƷʥĹ
ߣ𣿡
ҶЦһƷʥ˲ٿŷĹ
Ҷʥɵƻֲ̫ϵشݻŹɽĿռ䣬˲ٳ˯ɽϹŴܡ
ܿ죬һϽɫۣͷڣֳһƷʥȼ޵ܳˡ
ٹæɱСӣǹϷϵļƷʥ
˺ۣѪ۵ķŮӣϽڳ˯дϲ
ҽ֣㻹ҷģ
ҶͫһԼݣµ껯ѣشһ˷ŮӵУһʱڳһ˿ʧ
Ȼת˲ָ֮ѣݵʧȴ
Ҷ米󽣳ҵһŵĿĽâԳԽٵٶȹ˷Ůӡ
ʱ٣
ƽŮӵ˲䣬ҶͻȻӿʱ٣ư콣̥ںһһ塣
һ̣ڷŮУй޾Ľ⣬ȫľ
أ
Ůӵ𣬽ʣӳ˻꺣
ಣ
ڷŮӵ꾪ִУѰӻʱҶ米Ľһȣ֯ĽӰ꣬ɱ
ˣ
ĿҶǿƻɱŮӵһĻŭˣֳش̻ŵƣεľ޵նʮɿռ䣬ɽ֮ƣնҶ硣
һӵ£ɽܱһǵʥֵס
Ҷĵ̫ȼպ֮ѪʮڽƷʥ޻Ҫֲ
ֳ콣̥ȫӭնξ޵ײһ𣬲˾춯صıµֱӽһ󶴡
ʲô
·ߣԼţҶӲʱȴҶԶԶֱӵеξ޵ֱ۳صС
ʱ٣
ǿ̬Ҷ罫鼶ͼݵ³ʤ׷ȫһ˿ϢĻᡣ
֮¯
̶û뵽Ҷ˱뺷ɱŮӺȫѹսԶʤǵѸٻ֮¯Ҷ硣
赸Ͽռ䣡
Ѫħɽħ֣֮¯Һ䣡
ҶһĶãֳ콣̥ȫѹʱƷʥ˰̶ˡ
Ʒʥ£̻Ļ¯ƣµʥ֮ݺݵغǶϣǺ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
Ǭ󣡡
Ʒʥش̶ʱҶٻǬ󣬻Χϵػһľ޽նơ
ñ뺷˵ʲôʲôʱȿµ֣
ٶڰսħ壬ܱҶµսס֮ĹϵǢΣգħ壬ܲûг
ˣȥɣ
˺۵ӡġ족ֵƴӰʱҶǬںһ𣬻һҵ޵о޽紹յӣһնֳξ޵ƴ
䣡
ؼ˾춯صı
Ǭ޽Ŀ½ز㡣
һ̣Ǭ޽ٰǬܼ֮Ľ꣬ûص飬ɱ


1501 ɱǣɱ
棬ֵˣ
ǿƻɱմȾѪգһҶ罫ĿͶ˰̶ˣɱȻ˵
ߣ
ʶҶµս̶˿־ˣ֣Ѹٵɽȥ
ݣ
һ̶ĿĦ
Ҷ뽣ںһ𣬽ٶޣ˲ס̶ˣ֯ӰǶ˷͵Ĺ
λǻڵʲôСӳǳɱǣֵˣ
յĽӰ£̶˵ԽԽأǸֵסƷʥĹֻħ壬ܡ
λֻҪǿϳɱǣϵļƷʥһҲҪ
һߵİ׳һħ޷ջ󣬴˵
˻棡
Ʒʥ̫󣬾ʥҲԵõһܵõƷʥǵĵ̡
Ϸ˸񵣱ֻҪɱƷʥһҲҪΪ˻̲òίȫŵ
ãɽ
ŵڰʥħʥЯһƷʥˣգҶ硣
̲סҪˣ
Ҷڽ£мٴܿһƷʥݿռ֮ϣӿռѺͷŵĴʥĴħʥ
ôһ֮ܶԿʮʥ֣
һĿ࣬ӵһͷɫɢŨŨʥͭۿҶ磬ƹİ
ɱǣɱ
˵ţҶʩչȼǧԪӿ֮ӲԽǵʥޣﵽһǵ֮
ʲô
оҶ˲䱩ǵʵɱڵʮʥȫɵۣҶ羹ĵơ
Ϲͼ
ʮʥᵽŨŨΣϢסе̰ֻɱҶҪѸ뿪ʱҶٻϹͼռ䣬뿪Ļᡣ
ô㻹뽫ȫɱɣ
·⣬ͭбŨŨŭջ˵
˵ˣ
ҶٻǬͷݻ˽ʮˡ
Сӣµĺɱǣһᾪɽг˯𼶸֣ʱͷҲһ
ʥ֮ʵ̫󣬸޷ֲоҶʵýӵһ˿ս⡣
ǵķϻ̫ˣ
ֻܶʱҶʵûٵʱ䣬ٵȶᣬ֯â˽ʮˡ
һǵ֮Ҷ綯üƷʥԴԴϵص£Ʒʥ춯صſռ䣬ʮ˷Ĺ
һߣʥͬκƷʥֲ̫ǽ֯ķһδα˺ѣ̶˸ǲϼƣ֧Ųס
ɡ
Ҷ˫յİ̶ˣ󽣳һȣ˺˽ӵ˽֯Ĺڴʧɫİ̶ǰ
ͨ񣡡
ڰ̶˱ʱҶѳ˾˰̶˵ܿռ䡣
ݣ
ڰ̶˺龵˲䣬콣̥ƿռ䣬һ˷ӵ壬꣬ɱ
ܲ
ǿƻɱһˣҶлγ˿µѣ֮˰̻꺣Уһжһ˿ٻ

̻عʱҶųʮڽݺݵײϣµƿײ黯һѪ
ɱ˰̶ˣҶЯƷʥ˽ӰˣǵĹشǵ塣
ܿ죬һ˵ֵסҶ͵ĹһļƷʥ壬ɥȪ
Ѫȼգ
Ҷɱˣýӵ˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ʱ˿̣֪ٲƴȴǵĽϧ۵ȼѪʩչĵȫһ
κΣӵһǵսҶٿƷʥ̫󣬽ӵʹֵס

Ĳҽ
ħʥɱ˺Ʒ壬Ѫ
Сӣ㲻Ҫ⣬ħΪǱģ
ʣһħʥ֪ڽӣһҶ磬ڿʱԱһ
ӵнᣬҶٶ̫죬գ֮㵽ǧ֮⣬δħʥԱһ
ԡѪɱʮʥֻʣ½ˣȫҶɱˡ
ɱ
ҶرһЯƷʥɱ˹ȥ˲ѹ˵Ĺƣǽڽڵİˡ
գ˵ֵסƷʥĹ屬ڼƷʥ£ɥȪ


1502 
գ
ǿƻɱ˰̵ˣҶǵһصǬУһҺָȼĵǧԪ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷȫָĺƣ뿪Ǭ
뿪Ǭ˲䣬оһϢ
𣡡
оʥ룬ҶµľµĴ
ֻǴӺδѵǾĵ𣡡
뵽Լ۾֣ѹʱһδ֣ʱҶͻɣûھУп츽
С㵨ӲСɱʥѵҪɣ
Ҷ羪֮ʣɽռ䷢˴Ťһɫۣѩ׳ɢ˫磬ͷһ⵶̵ӣ߳Ťռ䣬˵
𣡡
ܵ׷ӵʵﵽһǵ۷壬ҶȷǾػ֮һϹδܵ
ţʶ𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ壬ʵʵ˫бųǵʥҶ磬ͳ˵
û뵽ػߣȻͼıܾܺˣ
ȻʵֲܿҶ粢ûһս֮о²ֹһ𼶸֣˼ҪҪǿлɱ
Сķϻ̫ˣͻȻ춯صȱס㣬Ҫ˭
Ϲͼ
ԼɱҶҲûѸٻϹͼ˷ԲĿռ䡣
ţǾϹͼͼôϣһϳʵʵյĹͼǾر֮һ
ķϻ̫ˣ
ҶֱõĻشһٻ˷ӡħɵͭŹס
໣
ͭŹ״򿪣һëȻħȫŨŨħħ߳ͭŹףŵ˻
ɣʵȻշһֻʬ֮
Ϊܣ֪ʬ֮ɵĿ£Сɣǿ
ɣ
Ҷ罫ɱõش֮ƾ޵ɣ
໣ҪѪ
ħֳƾ޵һŨŨħն˵
ħϮͫһͷĵ̿ٵػ֯һɽľУնգնħɡ
䣡
ı
ħֳƾ޵͵ĹϽһɽĵâ顣
κħӡ޷ǿʵأĹƱȫѹƣħƵҲ̽֯ľһδδӰն䡣
飬ʥѪ飬ڣ
Ҷ翴ħ޷вںȼ˺֮ѪӲʵǵʥޣٻ˽ᣬ͸Ŀռ䣬˵
ᣬĽôϣ
ƳҶĽᣬԺвһõͷ
һ̣ŽľֳҶ壬ϵرӡš족ֹƣӡ˵
û뵽ȻԵϣҵСֶˣ
;Ҷϣȷˡ
赣Һ䣡
ƼƷʥӲʱƳҶ壬գһľɱХŹ˵
̣ն
ͫһͷĵ̿ٵת֯âնžɱž赣þ赾ҵĲ
ۿ赵ס̵Ĺ¯ħ֣֮ѪħɽֳҶ壬£ĴƷʥĸ򹥻˵ǣľ
ţʵôͬʱƷʥ
ͬʱ⵽ĴƷʥ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾҶʵ͵̡
໣
ʱħħɴĵزзɳͭŹף˵
ͭŹױһնʱħֳصƴ͵նµĴնͷĵʱǿķ֮õ
һˣҶƷʥ˹ȥ
⵽Էɽռ֮Ʒʥڽڰˣһʱ䱻ѹˡ
Ǭն
ץסᣬҶ뽣Ϊһ壬ڵͷǬٵںϣŽ֮һյؽݺݵ˵ͷ
䣡
ղһ¡
ȫĵҶ緢һӰֱ䣬ߵķݣݺݵڵϣҳһӡ


1503 
¡¡
䵽ʱ鼶ͼ˵Ҷ籡ĵֱע뵽ƷʥУ׹䷲ʯ˵
µֱ˷Բĵ棬ֱùɽгһ׵ĺڶ
Ǭ󣬸𣡡
Ʒʥ͹ʱǬҶ£޾Ľ׹ԽԽĺڶУŵơ
˫ʥܡ
վ⵽ƷʥǬѪĵĵƣһ¹ƣǶһʨͷĺڶֳܸ壬ſռ䣬Ʒʥ͹
Ʒʥĵ̹Ȼ
𱾾һ۷֣ӵзƷʥڲ֮أҶĸм֡
Сһң꣡
Ϊػߣ½۷Ĵڣܹˣŭһ׵ĺڶзɳƼƷʥնҶ硣
ڷŭĵ͵ķ£ҶϵѹٿصƷʥһδնɣħɵĹҲȫѹƣ޷˺
ǧԪȼգ
ƱѹƣҶûԥ˲ȼǧԪӴ֮Ӳľһǵͻʮڽ֮
ʵǣҶٿƷʥֱܿ죬Ʒʥѹס˲նɽ㵶âĵ̣ѹס˵Ĺơ
ݣ
ʱһȣҶһӰ˲˵ǰֳ콣̥˵ؿڡ
Σʱ̣˫ʥܵǰֵס콣̥
콣̥˫ʥܱʮڽȴõ˲Сѹ岻ɵúס
ôһ࣬Ϊ壡
̵Ҷ羪˵¶ŨŨľ֮ɫʩչɱУҪҶˡ

ʱҶ£콣̥ںһ𣬻˺񽣣ﲻƵĹֱ˺˵ĹһԴȵֻܽ˫ʥܷ
ҵҪֵܵҶٴι
Ҷ籬ֳּ֮֮ƷʥȣĹ˫ʥܡ
ÿһιҶ綼ӵ£ʮڽϵع˫ʥܣŵ塣
ҶȫʱҲ£֯ɽӰ˵壬ơ
֮¯
ֵסҶ͵Ĺĵݵ£˾޴Ļ¯ײȥҪҶײˡ
ʱȫѹƵ۵ƷʥҶ£ٵķ֮¯ײһ𣬷˻¯ӰƲĵײ˳ȥݺݵϹͼĽƹϡ
Ѫǿȼգ
û뵽Ҷֶô࣬ʵǳ󣬲òѪӵ£Ʒʥȫһ
໣
Я֮ϮħͻȻǰֳƴƴ󵶣ӲĹ
䣡
ӲĹħɵһƱ˲飬Ӹ׷ɳԶ˽ƹϡ
Ž裬ͨ£
ץסħӲ˲䣬Ҷ˲һͷֳ콣̥Ű꣬նյһȵֳֻ˫ʥܷĹơ
ԵʵҶնĹŽʱƷʥҶ£壬ڽڰˣΧĿռ䷢Ŵݡ
籾Ͳ壬һ׹ֻذɣ
Ҷ籩һһ˿ϢĻᣬЯʥҪô˻Ὣɱĸ
Ҷʩչȫʱɫ΢΢һ䣬оյϹͼȻ⵽˹
Ϲͼ֮˵ʵֲڵ١
ħ𼶸֣
ѳû뵽ڹϣ𼶸ֻ֣Ժͷ
ȻͶӰɱ򲻵ѣԸá
һ塢ħ𼶸˺Ϲͼɱǽһȼ޷תǬ
һʱ޷ɱ뿪
Ҷ統˾ϧ۵ĿƷʥҪϹͼǰɱ
ƷʥĹԽԽͣԽԽء
˫ʥܵķǳסҶ緢ĳˮ㹥ơ
ʱ޷ɱˣ
оϹͼ⵽塢ħ͹Ҷε̾ϢһϷɱͷħٻǬѸ˽ƿռϹͼ
һ̣Ҷ뽣Ϊһ壬塢ħ𼶸ǰ졣


1504 
ܣ
塢ħ𼶸ŭһ׷׼׷ɱҶ磬ҪֽУļƷʥ
κνٶ̫죬Ļδʧգ֮䣬ҶͰ𼶸ֵ׷ɱһӽ졣
ţΧĿռˣ
ӽʱҶоռԽԽ֮䶼˺ƿռ䡣
ʵȣϱѵĿռѺ۶вҶѿռмٴ󣬽뵽˹ɽŨŨ֮Уһתռĺڶ
ǻĵͼڶڡ
Ҷӿռڶʱĸ֪ǿԼûԥһٽӰƽ˿ռڶС
ռڶҶ⵽µĿռ֮ѹҪ
ռ򣬿ռ켣
轣סռ֮ļѹҶռ켣УֲָĿռмٴ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶͻȻǰ˵⣬ӿ˷еٶȣɳ˿ռͨ뵽С
ϡ
죬Ҷ緢Ŀռϡ࣬ȥɵһƬһֺܵѹ֮С
ţеĿռ֮⣡
ҶóΧͼһ·зȥʱ֣ռܹ죬һϵظ꣬Իǡ
ǿ󣬼ﵽ˵𾳣пʧΧռС
㣬룬
̵Ĺ죬Ҷ罫ͻٻ˳ҪǷĸӦ
磬𣿡
ΧҰĿռ䣬ĪĸоཱུۣСҲò԰Ѫ
ţ죡Ҷ˵ͷ㣬룬ǶرĸӦ𣿡
ûУ
۾ĬĬظоһᣬ˸еĪ⣬ûرĸӦ
Ҳǵһν죬ͬİš
߰ɣ￴ϣҵ㸸ף
˵꣬Ҷ˻֮ϣǻʴеĵͼһڲ
ţ׷ˣ
ڻҰмٱ˰ʱݵԲ˵˵ϢҶԥǴ͵Ǭжء
ԼʱҶоԶˣ뿪Ǭƶ
ȵȻ룬ͣЩԾ
밴յͼעɳʱҶķ֣Լǰеķͼ˾޴Ĳ죬ͣ˻룬ܡ
첻һյأĻȻÿʱÿ̶ڱ仯
ҶһᣬΧĻȻϷ΢ı仯ɵ¶֮ɫ
޷ҵڲڣнڲԿҲûá
磬˼ʧ
գŴ۾ΧİĿռ䣬ʵ
ţոûзռı仯ĵطͼע·߲𼫴ǱҪȷλУҶ˵ͷԼٵݣӦſռı仯
ߣȥǱߣ
ԼʱҶͻȻ˫ͻٵط˹ȥ
ʱҶ粻ϵóһڵӡǡ
һʱ󣬻ɫ̫ԽԽҶһ˳һСɽűɫڵĿռ䡣
磬ҵͼλ𣿡
üͷԶҶ磬ʵ
ԶлҪҶһҸоһ޴Ĵųͨų仯ռҲ֮仯
ˣҹǾϢɣǼѰ·
Ҷһϥ˵ϣԼݣӦŴųı仯
ʱɫԽԽڣɫ̫ʧķǳϡ
ţЩ⣡
췱ǳʱݵԲ˶ɣҶ緢ϵķǷܵĵݻɵģʱı仯ϵķҲڷű仯
֣Ҷдϲݳǵı仯˵ݳųı仯ӶҵΧ·ߡ
໡
ҶԣݷǱ仯ʱһײе޺
ڵĿռгһ˫˫ײе۾޸ܵҶǵϢؿСɽŰΧˡ
¼ʥޣ
оΧԼУȻ¼ʥ޴ڣҶ¶֮ɫ
лҪ£Ŀ̫Сˣ
ҶûжնɱޣǽޣѪʨٻ˳Щʥޡ
𣡡
µ޺˺ҹʥܵ޼սµһء
һҹĻɱʥ޺˺еޣǵ
ʱ֣Ҷ˽յ˫˽Ѫʨϣ˵ߣȥ


1505 ųľ
ԼʱҶһһʮɸߣͨɫƤŹƵĹľ¡
磬ľ𣿡
㿴ҶһֱľգŴ۾ʵ
ҸоľӦþǴų֮һľӦÿųųǵӰ죡
ҶԷӦһʱ䣬ȷľǴų֮һһľٻ˳ľ˹ľ
̣
⵽ľɣɫĹľҡҷïʢڣͷųųŻľĹ
ų֮纣ХϮľҡҷй⣬Ŵų֮ɫ룬˹ľ
¡¡
ɫϮɫľװĴų֮Ƴ˹ľɫ룬Ļᡣ
磬ҪҪæ
żҶԳľƯĴ۾ȼŨŨս⣬ʵ
ãԭصȴɣ
ľǿľ֮һǴųľԶԿġ
ľҶԹʱҶϥ˵ϣԼΧĴų仯
ãˣ
ͻȻҶ˽յ˫˫¶֮ɫһɫۣĿ࣬űըԼӣЯ˹
ҵˣ
ϹڰУҶˣ˵
ҵΣƾκ𣿡
ȻϹʵֲҶʵ͵̣ȫԻ
ôĿΪܵܶԿңҾ֪Ŀ£
˵ţϹؿڴֳһֻ޴ʨͷʨͷѿѪʱһɿֲХ緢Ҷˡ
ۿҶ˱ɿµХϯҶһ㣬ʥٻǬУʧ
ռ䱦
ҶǹʧϹһ¶һ˿֮ɫҶ羹ȻϡĿռ䱦
໣
ϹǬʱһײе
ͭŹûǬھ֮ײϹ
ϹӶȭͷһȭͭŹʱħƳ˹Źףְֳصƴ󵶣նϹ
ɣ
ħɵ˲䣬Ϲ͵һ¶֮ɫ
ΪɶǺܿµĴڣҪշ졣
䣡
ħնƴնϹͷľǹϣµռ䷢Ť
ԭɵзӡãɾ͸Ұɣ
潻֣Ϲоħзӡͭ͸̰֮ɫֳּƷʥȼĺɫǹ緭͵Ĺħɣֱӽ˳ȥ
ħΪӡսԶԶϹ𣬵ȴϹ̫̫࣬⵽Ϲ𹥻һδα˳ȥһδη˹Ϲҵɱ
ʱľȫѹ˴ųľɫֱƽ˹ľУɹľ̺
ţʲô
ҡҷŻйĻľϹע
û뵽Сӵôôö
Ϲе̰ԽԽǿңΪ˵õҶıϧҲҪɱ
ս̬
ΪսپħɣϹ仯ǿս̬ǿ׳渲һֶʨëʵҲﵽһʥޡ
ȥɣ
ʵǣϹ̳˳հһǹµǹâһХŷħɵĹһǹ̷˳ȥˤǧԶ

ħɣϹľʱһ
ƳǬ˿ռ䣬۳ɱϹ
һƷʥĻԵˣ
о赵ĵȼϹ۾е֮ɫŨֳֺɫǹҵɱ˲佻֯ǹâžɱĹ
ǿ̬Ƶ赹ʱҶ뿪Ǭ֧Ĵųľԡ
ľɣųľ̺Ĵų֮ʣ޼Ҷһȭ˹ľ˴ų֮
Сӣڳˣ
Ϲɱڵ˵ֳֺɫǹҶ磬ҪȽɱ
ɱң±Ӱɣ
ųľ飬ݵݳһ·ߣҶûսľս壬ħɴ͵Ǭٻ˽ᣬ㿪ϹĹϷȥ
ܣ
Ϲ𱩺һٵ׷ɱҶ硣
κνٶ̫죬һʱ䣬ҶͰ׷ɱʧڻҰĿռУϹ


1506 ϼʥͷ
Ҷ뽣Ϊһ壬ڻҰĿռмٷУأɫҶһһʮɸߵĹľϣȴڡ
ҹȺǵ㣬žëȻ޺ȼߵ޳ûڻҰС
ȻȼߣЩ޲ͬ磬ǾǼֻ֪ͣɱ¾
ҶҲշЩޣһʥٻ˳ɱ¾Щޣʵ
ʥɱʱҶԼϷǵı仯
Ȼ˴ųľ˴ųΧеĴų˲١
ٴݣݳǵı仯ҶİϲͨݷǱ仯Ѱһųľλá
ܿ죬ˡ
ɱ¾һҹ˴Ѫʥ޻ˡ
ޣǻҪòܽΪϼʥޣ
մѪʥޣҶ翪ʵ
ϴط̫ˣǼɱȥҹǾֿܽ죬˷ܵ˵
ãǾͶය죡
ʥ޶ҶܴܽһҶƿص
߰ɣȥһط
ʥɱʱݳһųľλãҶŻޣԾŲϱ仯Ŀռ䣬˵ڶʮɸߣͨɫĴųľ¡
ţʲô
Ҷͫһųľһݺɫˮ̶ˮ̶룬һ׶ߣŰɫʵС
ɹǰɹ
Ҷˮ̶ŰɫʵʱŰɫʵʵ
ɹǼֵߵɹĹЧֻһǾʵ
Ҷ޾ʵõŰɹͻ弶ʥﵽʥ硣
һ̤ǵʥ㲻ʩչʵ͵̣Ҳܻһ𼶸֡
ˮ̶ʲôأ
ɹмµĴػҶ۾Լݣͷǿ͸ˮ̶УһֲϢ
Ϣϼʥޣɹػ߾ȻһֻϹʥޣ
磬ʥ޶ѼҪ˵ϼʥˣҶ²⣬֮ϼʥޣпɹйء
ᣬ٣
Ȼϼʥ޺ܿ£Ҷȫʵɱٻ˽ᣬ뽣ںһԳԽٶȣ˰ɹҪȽժ֣⼤սʱܵ
˻˻˻
һײе˻ˮ̶
ֻĥ̴СͷƳˮ̶һɹȳĶſռ䣬Ҷ硣
Ҷٶ̫죬ͷǰն˰׶ߵСֱӽѳİɹժ֡
໣ɵ࣬ɱ㣡
ػ֪µİɹҶߣȫŭˮ̶еϼʥޣһֻ峤ɣͷͷƳˮ̶еҶ
ħɣ
Ҷ粻뵢ʱ䣬Ѹٽħٻ˳һ𹥻ͷߡ
ͷȻϹ֣ʵԶʤһƷʥޣҲ൱ʥ۷ܣҶ˵в
ټ£˵ħɣŭͷ߹˲䱻ѹƣȫƬǱħ飬Ѫ졣
ǬǬһ
ͷ߱ħɹĽڽڰʱҶٻǬ󣬿ƽںһ𣬻һɳƵľ޽նͷһѪԴ
໣
һʹ˻
Ǭ󹥻£ͷ߱նһԴѪȪһ罦˳
콣̥ն
һ̣콣̥ںһ𣬶뵽ռ켣УʹͷڶӦһնڶԴ
ԴҶ˺۵ͷ߿־ˣټתӴҪܡ
Ѫħɽѹ
ҶҪͷߵ;ѪܵĻᣬ£ƷʥƳ壬ͷųµѹݺݵѹͷӴϣӲѹס޷ܡ
ʱħħɱƽͷߣڽ˫ֿסһͷһΣӲͷζϣ۵ͷ߼ʹȥ
࣬ҾҲҪµ
ʧȥͷȫŭͷߣײеĺҪҶħɷһ
һ𣿡
ҶЦһ˿µѣͷͷУǿҵѣθС
ţҶ罫鼶ͼݵ£˰ǿڽ콣̥Уͷ߷һ
һҵгһĿռѺۣµĽֱӹᴩͷߵ壬ġͷ
ͷ߽ʣͷǿԱʱħֳƴն˹նһͷɱֻϼʥͷߡ


1507 ǵʥ
ջ񲻴
Ҷ콣̥ٿͷӴõʥڻ࣬˾ʥ޾Ѫ
磬Ѫʨ룬Ʒʥǣ
ɿճ棬ʥ޾Ѫ㣡
ҶһصǬУɱͷ͸˻޵Ĵʥޡ
ƷʥϾͻƷʥˣ˫ðؿҶ˷ܵشе
ˣɣ
˵ţҶ뿪Ǭ磬ľٻ˳˴ųľ
һųľľ̺Ļ֮ǿһЩøǿ󣬺ܿͿ˴ųľɫ룬˹ľУɴų֮
ڻľɴųľʱҶóһŸոժµİɹ̵˶Уɹ̺ǵʥ֮
þ
ɹҶʱ˾뵽ϸС
ɹ̺֮ԶԶһʥҶһƮƮȻʮܵĸоʵԼٶš
ƿɶˣ
ҶתɻԼٶŰɹʱķ֣βƵľƿȻɶ
ɹ̫ˣҾȻҪʥƼϵƿɶ
׽ͻƵҶûԥŷ˵ڶŰɹȫǵʥ֮
ʱľѾųľɣƵΧųĵڶŴų֮
תƣʱš
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ǵʥͻƣ
˵ڶŰɹҶĵﵽ˾ƿһɹ̺ľһͻƵǵʥ֮Ҳ֮ǧ
ͻˣͻˣͻƵ˲䣬Ҷ˫ۣȼŨŨս⣺ڵʵ͵̣ʩչӦҲܻһ𼶸˰ɡ
㣬Űɹ㣡
ͻƵǵʥ֮Ҷû뿪ٻ˳һŰɹ
֪ɹǿ۾˿ɰ״ɹ̵˶Уٵǵʥ֮
ţ׷ˣ
Ҷһ߹ǵʥ磬һΪ㻤ʱݵԲħϢ
Ҷ׼ԼͻƾʵʱķħûпԼϢ
˼
оħͼҶ¶һĨЦװûзǣ̾硣
Լʱ䣬һǿϢ˰ɹˮɰͻ˾磬ﵽǵʥ
߰ɣ뿪ǰ
㹮˾磬Ҷݵķλ·ͼڿռڷȥ
ǹȻˣ
й̣ԼٵݣҶħһ·Լ
żǶ֣׼һʵĵطɱ֣ˡ
ͬʱҶشܵ˵ĵδ뵽УǷɵ˾֮ϣ˻еţͨӡԼ췢ıʴС
ˣ
ĵȴʱ䣬ӡؽƵͻȻһԽԽѺ۳С
ѺԽԽѺгһģӰ
Ҷ˶ˣּˣ
ģӰԽԽ¶һŲϵף˵
ī𣡡
߳ŵߣĴϲǰ
ī壬Ǿʶֻī츳ǱԶԶǿڵ𣬱صȴɵ½磬ؾ
ټ𻹿һ۷徳磬īѾ۷壬һͻƵ֮
ϴѶ˵췢˴ʣôһ£īʵ
ī𣬵ƱֿˣսĻ֮ǰճ⣬ңӦôУϸ˵
ʲôīüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
˺أֻǵʥ磬Ųĵƣɶʱڽ֮˻Ʒʥ
͵ȵ磬֣ī۾ߣȥ쿴嵽׺ηʥ
˵꣬ڵ£壬ʵﵽ۷֮ī⣬Ҷȴ֪顣


1508 ɱ
ڶˣ˵ͼλ
һδεݣҶ½˷λյͼָʾڿռڷȥ
Լ֮Ҷɵһ«ΣռѹɽУݵͼעڿռڣ«ɽС
Ƚħٽڿռɣ
ݵ͸оħһ·β棬ҵڿռڣҶȽǡ
Ϲͼ
ҶһٻϹͼռ䡣
ţƵƽƷʥȼնУȫһ̬Ᾱʯ
Ᾱʯʱռ䷢Ť޾ŤռԼ䣬첨ŤռУһ֪ͨδĿռͨ
СȻбҵڿռڣ
Ϣڰħ忴ŤռгֵĿռͨĴϲ˴һ£ӰԼٶȷ˹
ڿϳˡ
żٷħҶϲû¶֮ɫ¶ŨŨɱ⡣
ô緢ˣ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Щ˵
ħʵһ𼶸Ҳѷ֣ȴδҶ硣
ǵ㼿Ҳδ̫ˣҶҡҡͷ˵ڿռھҾܽȥ
˵ţҶϹͼռ䣬ħ·
СԼʵ
оռ䱻ƣħɫɭȻɱ۾бҶ硣
ԣ
ҶһںʥѪ飬飬ȼ˺֮Ѫ˲佫ʵһǵ۷֮
š
оҶ˲䱩ǵʵħһҶᵽһ˿ΣյϢ
Ǽʵɣ
˵ţҶٻ˽ᣬлһۻҵĽӰħ

ҶЯ콣ϮħӭȥҪشҶ磬ʳеܣڿռС
֮ŭ
Ҷ罫ʥ뵽ȭУʮڽһȭȫ죬ͣڽʨӰӵ
䣡
ȭײ֮ŭըˣµ֮籬Ļɽݺݵغ˴ʧɫ𣬽˳ȥ
һ̣콣̥Ͱںһ𣬻һƥеĽâһնħ𣬵ֵסĴɱС
ǵʵҲ𣿡
һжӲħҶĴ󶨣ХһٻǬ󣬿Ǭ󻯳һƬܼĽֳ꣬˫ħնħ
Ǭǧ򻯣
Ҷ£Ǭ󲻶ϵر仯Ź̬͵Ĺħ
ʵﵽһǵޣҶٿǬӵĿֲϵ˺ħĹѹסĹơ
ս̬
ħڽڰˣ𱩺һ仯ǿսֳ̬һصİɫȣ̩ɽѹһҶ硣
ͷۣ
Ծ֮Ҷϵı仯ͷռֳ̬ƷʥƷʥӲİɫȡ
䣡
ʥײһʯײԵֱӽм͵Ŀռ˺˵ѺۣһѵѺ۲ڿռӡ
ͷۣôͨ
ɴ۾ͷ̬Ҷ磬Ծ˵
֪µ˰ɣ
Ҷ붯ħ巢ˮĹƣҪһشǻɱ
ʨ𣡡
Ҷս󣬶˺ֵסҶ͵Ĺڶ˹Ʊѹʱǿ׳ͻȻͣһֻʨͷֳ壬Ҷ緢ɽХʨ塣
ͨԽţ
µʨϮҶѸٵ̤һţµĽӡ̤ͬһ㣬ھ̤֮ʩչĽʨ
ţҵȶһ£ɽâ㲻
Ľ𲻶ϵضķи壬ǿ׳˵Ľۣ罦Ѫ
Ǭն
˵ڽڰʱǬҶһ𣬻ľ޽Ŵ֮ƣһնƴĹϡ
ʮڽǬ޽б͸ȹ뵽˫У˫Ƥ˫ȸǱҽ˵زС
ҶشħҪԮ
ʱƷʥҶ£֮ħ𣬿µħĹӲ˻ȥ
ˣµɣ
Ҷһ콣̥ͰںһڻҵлһĨǣһԴ
أ
飬صֻǰһ콣̥Դ꣬


1509 նħ
棬ֵˣ
ǿƻɱҶ罫ĿͶɫأħ𣬽̤Ϯ˹ȥ
ħӰ
ҶսԶԶħΪ˻ɱħʩչǿĵƣһµħӰֳ壬˾һȭ
֮ŭ
⵽ħӰҶûʼʩ֮ŭ㼯ȭУһȭӭȥ
䣡
ҶӲħӰһȭʱ֮ŭ볬ʮڽͬʱˣµӲħӰĹֱˡ
ɣ
ץסҶӲħӰĻᣬħҶ緢һҪô˻Ὣش
Ҫɱ±Ӱɣ
£Ҷǰ׽ħ𹥻켣ΧʱͻȻ٣һӰܿħһС
ұ
ţҶƾϵرӡ¿µġ족ֹƣݺݵӡħӰϣµġ족ֱֹӽˡ
ʱ㾹Ȼʱ򣡡
ħֵ˲䣬ظоҶΧʱټӿˣˡ
ʱ򣬿ռصʱӵ£ʱҲ޼
ôܾ𣿸ȵĻں棡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ̤Ϯٵȶᣬ塣
ħܣ
ҶԽԽ͵Ĺħ𲻸ٲ׾ĵƣٻһɫۼս£ֳֳǹŨŨĿܡ
䣡
ҶӶƷʥħϣı
ͬʱ⵽ƷʥƷʥ۶ϣħʱȴ壬δܽˡ
ţƷʥȼĿܣ
оħܵķҶ¶һ˿졣
СӣܱƳƣҲ԰ˣ
˵ţħħ´˱ɱȫɱҶ硣
ߣܾ͸ôţ
ҶһͻȻջʥʥֿȭӭħܡ
֮飬֮飬𣡡
Ҷ㼯ϣĺħܡ
ȻħǿķȫסҶʮڽȭͷȭͷ̺֮֮ȴϵڵƻӡ
ţħôˣ
ץʱѸ˵ħķ֣ħܵĹԽԽȫҶֿȭѹƣɫޱ䣬Ҷ羹ֶοħܡ
֮£ֻܷ˵ͷֳ˫ħնҶ硣
ħɣ
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鲻ϵʴ£ħܵĹԽԽڵӡǳ˵Ѻۡ
飡
Ҷ缤֮ǿħܵУµֱ֮ƻڵӡɳǧԶײһ޴Ᾱʯϣʧȥж
ħڵӡˣôģ
ʱħвǿҵĲ̱ҶƵĴһӱΣ
ಣ
һϵķܣԼٶ֮ϷȥҪϹͼ
ӣ̫ˣ
ϹͼҶһڽżƷʯ𾳽ĵʱҲƲҪ˵ˡ
ҵһʶŴĽӰϯħ޷ȫϹͼ
Ȫ·Щį㻹ȥɣ
Ҷ罫ʱ򷢻ӵ£֯ۻҵĽӰħ𣬼ơ
Ҷ繥ԽԽͣħԽԽأĲˡ
ħʮָ߰ûģǽҧؿ֧ţҪھѰ
ˣʶֶΰɣ
ħԼսҶҲʧȥģһٻƷʥħ𷢶͵Ĺ
ʱħأֵһƷʥΪѣҪ˵ֵƷʥˡ
Ʒʥը£ħ˫۱ӲˣӸǱħ֮ҷɣ֧顣
Сͱһµɣ
˫۷飬ˣѶϵħ𱩺һĳҶ磬ԱһҪͬھ
̫ˣ
ħԱ˲䣬Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫһǬС

Ҷʧħ𷢳˲ʵŭ屬һɿֲռըһ󶴣


1510 ӽڿռ
գ
ħԱʧҶ뿪ǬǵսǬС
ɱħҶջƷʥԼʵ׵ħܡ
Ȼħڵӡ飬Ҷӵ֮ʥӡƿħܡ
ʱڿռˣ
Ҷ򵥵Ϣһᣬָ֮˺ģջϹͼ׼ڤʮḶ́뵽ڿռС
ʲôˣ
ҶϹͼ˲䣬ĸ֪ͻȻΣգͫһԶɫ۵ĵ̤һ
ڵߣһɫ۵ߣҶǿΣոоģߡ
ʲôܣ
ҶīʱԼȻ͸ݵԣ޷׽ʵ磬Ҷ籾ܵľ
ССˣû뵽㾹Ȼбɱħ𣡡
ؿҶ磬ȻԾҶֲսīҶͨ쳹֮Ҳûá
˵ôû׷ԭǰȱȥˣҶŬԼ侲ɫīûв²⣬½ܰɡ
ܴ壡ī˵ÿ³һ֣羪ը죬ҶĤۡ
𣡡
īĻҶһȻīʵԶԶ󣬵ͶӰɱȫлɱī͵
ĶͶӰİ취
С㵽ǺˣΪζ嶯֣īǵ˫бŨŨ⣬Ҷ磬ͳʵ
½磬Щѵ𣿡Ҷηķʵ
Сӣ㵨ĲСֿͱ˵īɫ˵һס㣬Ҫ㻹Ӳ𣿡
˵ţī֣̽һֻµ֣ݻµĵ⣬ץҶ硣
оռ䶼īĴֹˣҶԥ뽣ںһǿڿռڷȥ
ī̫£ռ⵽ѹҶٶܵ˼Ӱ죬ֻܶǬС
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ץסī֮ʣҶѸ뿪Ǭٵȶᣬ˺֧Ŀռ䣬ԼٶȳڿռͨС
ܣ
īһ˲ԽǧףҶ뵽ڿռͨ
ʱҶó˹̣ԴԴע˹֮ǿдڿռڣī뵽ڿռС
رգ
ڿռ䣬Ҷƹ̾ҪرڣʱһСɽڿϵڿռڣҪǿгſڿռڣرա
ڿռڽ̫󣬼ƷʥȼСɽ޷ſϵĿռڣµŤ֮һѹˡ
Сӵʲôôܴڿռڣ
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ƣ
īӲϼѹĿռѹһָµָâſռ䣬ȫϵڿռڴ
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īüͷ΢΢һ壬һǶʮǳ㾧ʯƷʥȼľų߳һڿռڡ
һī𼸺ӵ˼£һܻ֮ɱڿռʱȴȻ޷ǿдڿռ䡣
һͬ
뵽Ǳڤ֮£ܵõĴУܵõԼлĴУ̤ѵһͻƵ֮
ǣ
˵ͷٻ˼Ʒʥ̣ī͵عڿռڡ
˵ĹνǼ£ڿռڽǱڤ֮µģǶ˿Ժģʹ͹˰ʱȻ޷ڿռڡ
֮£ееĶֻܷ
ôīڿռ޷ƿüͷšһε˵
ȥҲûϵī˫˸֮ɫֻҪ뿪죬ʱһлԵǵġ
ðɣҲֻˣ
˵꣬īûٺ÷ڿռڣ뿪죬ãȴҶ


1511 ڵۿ
ֶιȻ£Ȼа취½硣
Ȼӽڿռһ٣ȻҶЩ֡
û뵽ܾȻ½磬ȫļƻ
ͶӰɱʶīĿ£ȷīǷиĵơ
ˣһһɣҲĸףµĻԵĻԵ˵лܴв
ҶٵϢָһ£ʮֿտûκξĿռԶȥ
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ռڶ£һ׶ߣȫźɫʯֳһǹĵܡ
ȻܿҶʱȴܵᵽΣյϢ
⣡
Ҷ粻Ҵ⣬˫նУС˺ɫܡ
ǣ
ҶʱɫͻȻ˵ĺɫʯͻȻˣ¶һɫսףֳֺǹϢҶֲӡ
ңܽһռ䣡
ڼͻȻ˫Բһ˿˵
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ҶøɾѪѵڵ֮ɫŨˡ
ʶڼӵĿֲҶоҪɱԼ²Ѵ֮
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Ҷ˼һ£ûмðչǽͻٻ˳ҪͨǱѪĽڿռС
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СˣҵСˣ
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Ҹ𣿡
ػڿռ䲻֪ĺڵۿܣ΢΢Щŵ˵õϢ
Ҳ֪Ѿûмˣڵۿҡҡͷ˵Ȼأ˵ʵҲͦ
ܼף㼱ȵʵ
˾ռ価ͷǽȥɣ
оʵѪԳѪڵۿûлݣ˵
ڵۿܣܻ죬˳磬֪óȥ𣿡ʵ
ȥҲԣһǹڵۿ˵
ڵۿܣƵĵۼܣһǹǵ𶼵ֵסҶεֵ˵
ģһὫѹƵǵ𣬻һλĻᣡҰٷ֮һĹֵסûʸõµĴСڵۿĮ˵
ãǾɣ
ҶԼʵΪţȫĵֵסڵۿܶǵһǹ
ȣ
ڵۿܱһ͵̤ǰһ˲˷ԲһĿռ䡣
ţһӿ壬ֳֺǹ̳һɫǹâֱӻ˼ӲޱȵĿռ䣬һϮĺɫӣҶ硣
Ѫȼգ
ڵۿһǹȫﵽ˶ǵ۷壬Ҷ粻Ҵ⣬ϵȼ˺Ѫٻ鼶ͼеֵ

Ҷں鼶ͼͳʮڽݻ˺ײȥ
һ̣Ҷʩչľˣڵۿܴ̳ĺɫǹ
꣬
ҶͫһƳĻ꺣ƾ˵ĺɫǹâϣֵסһǹĹ
ƣ
ţҶ̤һʮڽݺݵغھҲĺɫǹâϣӲɫǹâˡ
꣬û뵽ʵ޳˽꣬ɰȼڵۿЩ˵ˣȻƵһǹҾǽɡ
㲢˵ˣҪõ˵ĴУҪԼŬʵã治κεջ񣡡
˵꣬ڵۿͷֳ󣬷ֱҶ磬Լ㡢봫͵ĿռС


1512 
ţ㣬벻ˣ
Ŀİ׹ʧʱҶ緢֣ͻ˫˫ˣµӦñڵۿܴ͵ģȥ̳бڤ֮ĵĴȥˡ
ȻҶԱڤ֮µԭʼ̥Ȥ֪Ǳڤ֮ģûй̰ƬǿһĿռԶȥѰռеĻԵ
ŷţҶһ¶˵Цݡ
ƷʥͷߵޣѪʨȫͻƵϼʥ޵ȼɿճͷߵľѪҲɹмʥޣɿ֮ӵǿ
ϣջ࣬Ϊ»
Ҷһٵȶᣬ磬ǿտռмٷɳۣѰŻԵ
ԼʱҶԶԶǰɫͬĿռУһɹ˲Ť֮ͷųռҵزš
ɫɫɫ
УҶ翴еɫͬͷŵҲͬ
аɫͷŵԽɫ֮ɫͷŵΪֲ·κζ룬顣
ҶɨһУһԥѡΪֲҲΪյĺɫС
ΣյĵطԽпŴԵ
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ಣ
һȣҶ缫ٷУһ񽣣˺һµŤ֮뵽˺ɫС
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ҶѸȼѪ£뵽ռ켣УڿµĿռŤмٴ
ˣ
ͻȻŤĿռһ£һҷǹԼٶȷҶ硣
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꣬ƣ
ҶһƳĻ꺣һƥеһɽâһ˵ݻǣˡ
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ҶԽԽŤռ価ͷĵԽԽ࣬ž޴ѹ
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ԿռĿ飬Ҷ仯峤ǧףȫѪɫƬѪſѪڣͷųη͵ײһ

쳹ռ䡣
仯ѪҶ罫֮ӵ˼£ϵر̺ĵ⣬ײŵѺۡ
ƣ
һһǶԳ˴Լʮ˺۵Ѫһ֮Ӳ͸˾ǣɳɢɰ׹ĿռڣһƬľ죬յԭʼɭС
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ɵ֮ϵ˲䣬ͻȻоһɿµĻ֮˷ӿֱƽĻ꺣У˴ĻԻס
һ̣žĺͻȻһɫףֳһǹ˫˸֮ɫƳ˺棬һǹմ˱ԻҶ硣


1513 򱬿
ۿҶ类һǹУԻҶͻȻˣһӰúһǹ̿ˡ
㾹ȻûбԻ󣡡
¶֮ɫԾҶ羹Ȼ˲ɢ˻Ӱ죬㿪Լһ
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ܲĮ˵ңͨµĿ飬ʥˡ
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ҶԷ·ӦһºӵʵһӵʵȫƿУҪѡ
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¶˳Ծ֮ɫԼڵӡڱһ߽֮⡣
׮
ץסƽ֮ʱҶ罫鼶ͼݵ£ƾջ˾Ÿ׮˺ӵϣµӲ档
֮ŭ
ȫ̳һǹһ׮ʱҶ֮ŭ㼯ȭУؿںһȭ
ʮڽԼ֮ŭͬʱݺݵغźӵ壬ڽڵİˡ
ǬǬһ
ɹˣҶʤ׷һնǬһ߽֮ӵ£һ˿ϢĻᡣ
ǹ
ӷǿ⵽Ҷ糱ˮĹƣҲܵˣǿķסѸеĺɫǹںһ𣬻˾ĳǹХŴҶ硣
콣̥ڣ
ԺһǹҶû콣̥ںһ𣬻һ޵񽣣ǿ̬ӭȥ
ˣ
񽣺ǹײһ˲䱬춯صں֮֮źؾˣռ뵽С
ʮڽ
޷ѹҶ罫ӵ£鼶ͼá
ʯмҵĶԳ⡣
ʱƣҶ翰Ʒʥ˵ѺۣӵҲãϵѪɫսײϵѣʳ˰ɫѪҺ
꣬ƣ
ץסѵĻᣬҶưƽ壬ƻӡǣĹ
ڣԳһʱ䣬ӽ֧Ҷһ˳ȥصҽ˲ӿĺ档
ܲ湥ܻңƳ˺棬˫бһǹܽ£лõµʥ
ãɣ
ѪƲҶһη˵
ǹ
ӱһͻȻԼ壬޾ڽ˺ɫǹУһ
һǹ̳ռ·𶼱˺ѣµǹҶᵽŨŨв
Ǭ󣡡

Ž裡
ռ壡
оһǹĿ£Ҷʹ˻ȫһǹ
ڣҶһϵ͵Ĺǹ֮Ҷֳ콣̥סһǹĹ
ɫǹ飬ҶҲǧԶݺݵ˾ҷĺС


1514 
ǿ̫ǿˣҽ徳Բոһǹܻҵ壡
ȫ²ѺۣѪֱҶӺзɳϢһµ˵
ոһսҶ˼أӵ֮飬Ҳһʱ䣬ȫˣ̤ճڳǿӡİ׹ԡ
ҶִɫʱһͻȻ꺣
ӡұڤɽ֮һҪõҪͨ顣
֪ҪĿ飿Ҷ翪ʵ
ʱʱ䣬ʱڼסӡеھӵʧ㽫Զʧȥ˵
ʱ㹻ˣ
ҶӵԣͷģȻʥѶʱ㹻ˡ
ˣ㿪ʼɣ
˵꣬ӡӡĽƹʧˣڰУɢŵâӡҶС
ԣݼ䣡
ҶһԼݣγǿ͸ӡھУٵؼ
ӡƷʥھ临ӣһոսӴ֮ˣ޷ʱ䡣
Ծһδνü죬£ӡھһӡС
ԼһʱҶͻȻ˽յ˫ǰѾȫסӡھˡ
ļˣЩ˵
ţҶ˵ͷ
СҪòӡ˼һ£˵
ӦܳӡҶ˵
ãҾ͸ʱ䣬ʩչӡҾ뿪ȥսĿ飬ʧҾ뿪
ãܿ飡
ҶİϲͲµռ¾յ㣬ڤ֮ὫԼĻԵԴԴϵ͸ˣ֣Ҷ֪ԼҪץס

Ҷһ۾ݷӡھڻ꺣һݻӡı仯
ʥԵҪ˵ĸߣ
ӡʱ鼶ͼ鼶ͼ鼶ͼĸֳҶ壬ͷݻŵ⣬
ȻҶԵ򣬳˶½ķ룬ӡʱΪ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һʱݣҶӡھһʶԺѾӡĳΣҪʩչҪһЩʱ䡣
Ҷ֮ӡʱͻĿռУռУǿһ翵
ʱͻȻеһֱٻĸоͻȻ
ʱԺܿ϶ǣԼ˯εӰС
룬Ҳҽȥ¡
Զҧ촽ٳٲҿ
СˣԵʼҪԣ˵Ĵͨôģο
ûôȥˣΪʲô뿪ȥң˵еĵǡ
Ҳһֱˣ̾Ϣһ
߰Сˣȥ˵
ðɣ
һ˻֮ϣԶȥ
ˣ
ŻʱµͻȻ˽յ˫һԱɽɢѹͻ롣
ܵɢƳѪͻȻѣһӰͷ
Ӱ
иֵӰɢĿƹʧˣ·ӵһ㣬ˢˢĹ˵ϣݼСˡ
ңҸǲ棬𣿡ƽһģ񣬿ʵ
ǵָշ˽ȥ˵ǲ֪ͬ
Ҳ֪Ҹ
ƽֽˣЩҽ
СˣҪȥݼ𣿡н㣬ʵ
ȥɣ
֪ڲӱܵʱһ
ƣ
ӳĵ⣬ֱע뵽ʮ׸ߣ̻Ŵ¹Ƶĵţƿ˵ŵĽƣ

بžԶ֮ųصĲһ
ʱ类УӲһ£Щվȡ
Ϊ룬ڷһùľɵĹŹףŹŹףĪĲ˲õͷ᲻ܿƵ
ף㻹𣿡
ųصĲһ˹Źףʹȫһƿ˹׸ǡ


1515 ԭʼ̥Ԫʥ
ǣ
ŹױһƿˣһеϢϢڹŹ
Źףͻ붼סˡ
ǿŹвûбڤ֮ʬֻһͬΣͨڣΧһйâʯͷ
ԭʼ̥˵õԭʼ̥
ڵʯͷһϳʯͷǿʯͷ֮һԭʼ̥Ʒ֮̺
Źôֻԭʼ̥Ҹأȥˣ
ûмڤ֮ʬһܣѰűڤ֮ټ
ҾûһûͻȻ
ģ۾һ
Źľɵģɱʬ겻࣬ĳ£һὫԼʬӡŹУ񣬹Źв˵ʬԭʼ̥֤ûпطˣ
Сˣſܲԭʼ̥
ã
Ҳԭʼ̥ļֵȻױڤ֮ҲΪ¡
ҧָԭʼ̥еһξѪŶѪ
ľѪεԭʼ̥ͻȻһǿһϸĹ˿ָϣڵѪ
һʣ㲢ţҧأѪʧʹԭʼ̥ɡ
ѪҺʧԽԽ࣬Ժгѣθʱԭʼֹ̥ͣɣһǿڵ̥ѣ
㣬ҵĺӣˣ
һ̣ԭʼ̥дһŴۣԭʼ̥пһģףױڤ֮
ף𣿡
ԭʼ̥гֵף쳣ش󺰵
ңڤ֮
ף㵽û£Һܵ㣡ŵʵ
㣬Ϊҵģû£ڤ֮Ļ㳹׷᲻ܿƵ۾ӿұʱȣǸŮ˺ܼܿˡ
Ǹףȥ㣡ʵ
ڻǸŮ˼ʱ򣬵ͻƵ֮һȥ㣡ڤ֮
Ҫͻˣ
֪ǺεȵĿ£˵µĴڣ綼һ֡
ţø˸ˣ̤һ֮ǸαӣΪұڤɽ𣡡ڤ֮Ե˵
Ըˣڵأ˵
룬͸Ů߰ɣ׼뵽սĥ£ڤ֮
ˣС˺ҵʵ̫ȥսǲ̫Σˣ֪սĿ£Ҫ˵ǣ۶棬ǵ˵
ǰһǵʵһὫұڤɽ֮ͨʥԪʥǣ
У֪ʮţʱȥսټ⿰ȵ۷ڵԭʼֻ̥ҪСģģڤ֮
ףܲͳһȥ֪еŬΪȥ򣬶н죬ǳĹͣûûңʮҶ磬Ըֿ
˵ǸһǸ˰ɣڤ֮츳ȷʵƽģԼ·Ҫߣ޷Ϊ̵һУҿԸһЩôԵ
ǡ
㣬ֻҪŬ뿪սվһڤ֮Ļ˵ȥȡԪʥʥҾȥ򡣡
ףǰͳ𣡡ҧ촽
ûвɢϯͲˣ뿪һ飡ڤ֮
Сˣ˵İŰɣẦģοҶٵ츳͵̣һܷǾսúֻʵˣܰﵽҶ١
ðɣ
֪Լ޷ʲôõ˵ͷ
ͻԭʼ̥ڵУ˷ӡһеĴԪʥ
ͨʥµ̺ܷͨʥǿԽ롣
ǰĴԪʥ㣬뱾ܵĸоϵĲһָоԪʥӶһ£ܽ⡣
㣬ʵ»޷Ԫʥʱ䣬ΪͰͻһʵɣ
˵ţڤ֮Լµİ֣ش޾ľ纣ɰٴһ㣬ӿ뵽ͻУǿǵʵ


1516 
ԽʱݣҶӡĹػ͹ʽ
ӡ
ҶͻȻ˫鼶ͼݵ£㼯ڿٽӡ˫֮䣬һö·̺ǳĴӡԶĺ档
䣡
ӡ䣬Ϊ֮µӡ÷Բʮĺһ޴򣬿µݻһ
ʱ䣬ӡϣҵĺܳɫϵٴ𣺡гŵȥһռ䣬ǸռУ㽫õսսɹ㽫õ󲻵ĺô
˵꣬Ҷͷһִ͹󣬴Ĵ֮ڹйûҶ磬͵һռС
ӣռôһӣ
ҶǰĴĿ׹ʧʱԼһĿռУռгһ⻬ľӣ
⾵ʲôرأ
Ҷһ⻬κرľӣ˹ȥ
֣⻬ľʱһھиֳӿҶĻ꺣С
ţҶ꺣ӿ˴Ϣ˽⵽澵ӵʵ
ʥ⾳̺ؾҿͨսͬȼľ񣬵õͬĽ
ʥ⾳սѶδе̫ˣһؾʵͱҸһ磬ؾʵҸ磬ﵽǵ𣬶ҿʱֻܶñ֮ﶼ޷ã
˽⵽ʥ⾳Ŀ鷽ʽҶ粻ɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȻĿǰʵԻһؾսؾ񣬵ҪԿؾѶ̫ˣʩչȼԪпȫһ
ȿһؾܵõʲôɣ
Ҷһսһؾ̽ͿѶȡ
սһؾ񣡡
Ҷһʥ⾳дϢһֱ߽ʥ⾳С
һ̣Ҷ緢ԼһĿռУռڣһɫۣͭɫߣȫűըԼ⣬˶ȭͷŵӡ
ңõʧܣ
ͭӷװҶĤ΢ġ
ãɣ
Ҷһ˲ȼ˺֮ѪӲʵһǵ֮ٻ˱֮Ѫ콣̥һѸĽâͭӡ
Ҷһͭб춯صӶ׹ڵȭͷһȭӭȥ˴Ľâ콣̥ϣµӲҶ˻ȥ
ô
ȼպ֮ѪҶԽʮڽ֮ӭͭӣҶ緢ԼҲԽʮڽ΢΢ЩԾ
һȭͭ˫ȭϵغһǼֲȭâҶ磬ҪƾǿҶ塣
ãǾͱȱȣ˭ǿ
Ҷ൱Ķ֣˺ʤ֮ģ콣̥Ѩǿӭ
䣡
˵ȭͷϵײһÿһײܱʥ⾳еĿռ˲
Կ죬ǿսǿļսһʱ䣬˭δκ˭û
ʱҶϱУһ̤ͻȻʮٶȣܿͭӺ׹ȭâƵ
ԤеΣգͭӱܵŤתȭҶ硣
ٶȲӰ
ͭӷ֣Լ׹ȭâ䴩ҶʱܵҪܡ
ʱҶγǿѣĻ꺣
ȻѣͭӵӰ΢΢ķӦһ˿ͣͣҶץס˻ᣬʮȭеռ䣬ϣ˳ȥ
ڤ
ͭӣҶʤ׷̤ƽͭӵͬʱĴ鼶ͼֳ壬ݻļ֮ߺͭϣơ
أ
ͭǿ׳ɽһײ˼ӲĿռϣ޴ײһ˿ʧء
ץסѵõĻᣬҶ罫ݵ£ʹ͵Ĺϵع塣
ųˮĹƣͭӵƲϵؼأķҲò԰޷Ҷˡ
ʱƣͭӵԽԽأǿ׳˵Ѻۡ
ˣԽսˣ
оͭѾǿ֮ĩҶٻ˱֮ľֳֻľǿ׳壬ӲѪұ۳ˡ
ţ콣̥ںһ𣬻һĨ⣬ķԴ̴ˡ
أ
ͭӵԴըӴ飬һѪɫľʯһӡǿƵĺɫ˳
Сϲͨһؿ飬ƷʯѪԪʯƷʥʴʥ
ʱһѪԪʯʴʥƯҶ磬Ҳ뿪ʥ⾳С


1517 Ϯ
Ʒʥ
Ҷ۾һһѽʴʥץУ⿪˷ӡ
ţһɱ֮ʴʥʴʥɢϢͳҶƷʥʥ֮
ʴʥĹӦÿɻɱǵ˰ɣ
ҶʴʥϲƾʴʥԿī֪ԶԶҪһǿʵ͵̲С
ѪԪʯƷʯȻҶѪԪʯ˽⣬ܱ֮ܳΪƷʯıֵԲɹ˵ѪԪʯɱ徳
õʴʥѪԪʯҶûսǬ֮ĬĬصϢָһؾһսɵˡ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
Ҷȫָƣ߽ʥ⾳Уܶؾ顣
ÿµϢ
ʥ⾳ŴɫߣڶռеĶؾʱҶͫײɵΣյ״
ؾȻͨĶǵ𣬶Ƕǵ۷塣
ԸӦ£Ҷȷ˶ؾʵɵøеһ˿֡
ʵڲʩչ£ԿǵΪҪ˵Զǵ۷ܡ
ʥ⾳Ŀ齱̫ˣһؿͽʴʥһָоԼͨڶؾ飬˵ܵõƷʥΪ
ңõʧܣ
ӷĮһشķ컭ꪳУµҶһϢĸо
ɣ
ʱҶû·һٻ콣̥׼Ӳӡ
䣡
Ӷˣһҳռ䱩֯ķ컭ꪲϵرռ졣
꣬ڣ
оһĿ£Ҷȼ˺Ѫ콣̥ںһӲķ컭ꪡ
ʥײһҶоֱһʹһɳ͸콣ֱ̥С
ǰ껯˲һԽֱˡ
һӸ߸ߵԾֳַ컭ꪼһӰȫҶ磬ѹ
ľֵ
ӵĹ̫ǿǿҶ޷ֵòٻ˻ľֵ컭ꪵĹ
¡¡
ľҡҷŻй⣬ϱȫʱ͵̤һҶϢֳַ컭ꪺݺݵش˻ľϣµֱӺľײҶ硣
ۣ
㲻Ҷ类ľУҵĲһ£һѪصˤԶ
㹻ǿһѾ塣
̫ˣԹɣ
ӳʤ׷ֳַ컭ꪼҶ磬ҪһսɱҶ硣
ǧԪȼգ
֮£ҶȼǧԪ֮Ӳʵ˶ǵڵǡ
䣡
컭صնҶͷ콣̥ϡ
һͬ£ȼǧԪҶʵ޵Ǳǵ൱ˮ׼סһꪵĹ
ֵҹˣ
ҶһסڷѪͻȻʩչͨ񣬻û˾
һ̣Ҷʩչĵƣȼʥʩչʥر䣬Ӳʵ˶ǵ۷塣
ֳַ컭ꪣ˽ľʱҶͻȻʩչһֽն绮յ磬һӵؿϣƵķؿڡ
屻δӼƣֳַ컭ꪣſµĵ⣬ݺݵնҶ硣
ʱҶ磬üֲһܿķ컭ꪣƵ
ʱ٣ն
ڶӦҶͻȻӿʱ٣˲̳ӵ壬ơ
Ҷʩչʱٹ£ӵĹƱһѹˣҲڲϵؼء
ֻǿܣֻ֪ɱ¾֪ԲϼصƲδĹơ
ɶ֮ʼˣ
ҶӼս˶ʱͻȻоڵ֮ʼˣʱ֮ʧµ䵽һǵ𾳽磬пܱӷ̣飬Ѫ
ľѹ
Ҷһֳ콣̥Ӳķ컭ꪣʥײһ𣬲ǿķ֮ͬʱʧʱҶƻľѹͷʱӻж
ɰڴһ٣
Ž裡
жٻĻᣬҶ罫֮ӵ£һգɱݣ˫ʱٸһ
أ
ɫ飬ӵԴҶһµĽӰֱԴбˡ
֮ʱҶ̱ӵԴϮͨ˶ؾ顣


1518 徳
ͨؾ飬Ʒʥã߽Ʒʥһţ
ϵٴһöӡǿƵһžƵʥƯҶǰ
ҶԼĽʱҲʥ⾳˳ȥ
ƷʥڶؿĽһ
ҶԶؾĽʮ⣬ǲã߽Ϊһ㣬һһɱﵣȲҪ
ã߽ľҪ̫ߣ;Ϊһǵ޷ֻܷ
Ҫͨؿأ
Ҷպ˲ã߽򣬷һʵָȼĵǧԪһƨ˵ϣ˼ͨؿİ취
ʶؾѶȣоؾĿ¸ѣսпͨҲԼ
˼һᣬҶһǾ徳磬ٽǵʥ¡
ɱ䵽徳ʵﵽǵʥ£ҶоԼͨؾļʾԳ˳ɣҲԱ
ȳ徳ɣ
ҶһûóѪԪʯóһƷ׼ߵĴ̵˶УٵǿΪ徳¼ʵĻ
ҶµĴȻֵƣ̫ǿһûжá
Ĵĵһ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
УҶһʮֵߵĴ˶ĳѨе鷢ɱļ
ѪԪʯ
ĴȫҶ罫ѪɫѪԪʯ˳һͷ̵˶Уƾת
ھתһδ£ѪԪʯͷųѪɫԪҶǿѨУɱ䡣
ѪԪʯ򣬶ǼĴԪʯܶ·ߵĴΪһѪԪʯԸκδۡ
ǿ칤Ѩеоͳ죬Ӧþܽ徳ˣ
оѨı仯Ҷ¶˾ϲ֮ɫԺеһתתȫѪԪʯɱ壬ǿ
ͬʱں˴㣬ͻ˾硣
ڤ֮µ죬ȫģռͻٵͻƾ磬û½֮Ŀ顣
ͻƵ𾳽ˣ
ԴԴϵںϾһ˾ļﵽһǵ֮ԳѪѪӵľ
룬ͻƵʥ޵ȼ൱ڶ
ս̫Σգ뵽漸ûϣ۴ҲҪСĽԱڤ֮Ƕڹǵʵ
˷ͻƾ磬׵¾粻ȶڤ֮ţսĥһʱ䣬ٲȶľ綼̡ܹ
㣬ڷ磬ҶѪԪʯɹѨеɱ飬һٽ徳
ֱӴﵽǧ򣬵ﵽƷʥȼȼպ֮ѪɴﵽƷʥһϼʥ޻Ҫǿ
ɱ䣬ҶûϢǿżƷʥŽһǵʥʵ¡
ƷʥҶڻͷų嫵ҩȫľҴܣƻ
徳Ҷ̫ǿټλĻľѹסڰҩתɻٵʵ
ʱţһʱգ
һʱҶȫ˼Ʒʥ̾ͬʱʵǵʥޡ
ƷʥȻǿһŵҩڵĵˣ
Ҷ³һʥ˳̵ֱ˶УʥǿҩʵΪĿ׼
ʥ̺ҩʮ⣬мǵʥֱͻƵһǵ֮
ƿɶˣ
Ҷʥûãķ֣ԼľƿȻɶϲ⣬תɻӿʥƿʵ
ǣ
ֹһʱ䣬ɶľƿ˵ѺۣһɸӾǿĵ͸Ѻһ͸Ҷ紥һǵ֮
ƿѺԽԽ࣬ҶʵоԼϾҪͻƵһǵ𾳽ʱͻȻֹͣľǿзӡʥµҩ
ͻƵһǵ𾳽磬ؾʵﵽǵ𣬵ʱûлᣬսؾʱ
ʱսؾĿˣ
Ҷһƽʥ⾳սռ顣


1519 һ
ˣҪսؾʧܣᱻɱеһжΪӰ
Ҷ߽ʥ⾳ʱϵҶѵ
ѾҶһն˵
ðɣϣܳɹ
˵꣬ʧˣʥ⾳ռгݺύĹӰһŽɫߣСֳǳɢǿҽӳҶǰ
ÿµĽ⣬˶Խ³ң
Ҷ¶֮ɫؾ񲻵ǵ޸֣һ֡
ˣ
ͻȻ罣͸ɫֳ߱Ʒʲǳ֯ǿĽ⣬Ҷ硣
ÿٶȣ
գۼԼǰҶ籾ܵĽ̤ܡ
ӵĹٶ̫죬иſռĽâֱӷҶܿռ䣬޴㣬ֻӲĹ
ͣ
̶˺
Ҷ类˳ȥƷʥؽۣ¶ɭ׵ĹͷѪܿƵ˳
Ҷ磬Ӿ޾Ľ磬Ҷ緢͵ĹκδϢĻᡣ
Ѫȼգʥر䣡
ʶӵĿ£ҶȼѪʥ𣬽ʵ˶ǵ۷壬ȫӲӡ
أ
һϵܼĽҶЯٱǵʵס˽ӵĹȻһ˵Ľâˡ
ؾսȻ£
ҶһסڷѪ˫ֿٵؽӡ׼ʩչոӡӲӡ
һгһ̫ҪĿĽ⣬и˿ռ䣬һҶؿڡ
ӡ
ݵԲ׽һĹ켣鼶ͼʮڽٵػ㼯һ̺µĴӡ˾ٽâӱ˻ȥ
ӡû뵽ôУ
űӡݵĿռ䣬˰ܵ˵Ľӷ˾֮ɫ
棬ֵҹˣ
ҶûäĿʩչȼʵٻ꣬˽ӡ
ǿ˵вޣ
һֳǽӭȥնĽâ˰ꡣ
ʱ٣
ʱҶͻȻʱ٣˲Ϣ֮ڽǰʮڽؿڡ
ҶһȭнӺǰǽʱµ籬Ļɽ緢ݺݵغϣӲ
ҵս㣬ҵȴԶʤ㣡
һȭ˽ӣҶʤ׷һʩչʱ٣һ߱ʮڽŽӣҪƾѹƽӵĹơ
ӵʵֲ̫ˣݻ£һâѳ壬һʢĽ˺ſռ䣬ҶĻᡣ
ӡ
޷Ҷҽ΢΢ӷӵУ鼶ͼͳʮڽ㼯ǰ˿µĴӡŴĿռ䣬׹˽ӡ
䣡
ӡݿĹƻ£ӻĽˡ
һ̣Ҷѳһһһҹ
һʱҶʩչʱٴνԼƷʥΪݺݵײ˽ӵؿڡ
ȻӦĽֳ˫ؿڣӲҶһײҶбȻ
ǿסʧصʱҶ˫ٴηһɺɽٴײȥײ˽ӣˡ
Ҷ粻ϧ۵ʱ£Źɢľơ
Ԫն
ƱѹƣӲδֽţӲҶײʱͻȻ˫ںһնһʮɸߣ˺ѿռ䣬ԽĽնһնҶ磬㽫Ʒʥȼնˡ
ˣ
һشҶ磬ӼʩչԪնҶ磬Ҫ֮ʣɱ
Σʱ̣Ҷûʩչһ󵨵ľٶһ
һǵͻƣ
Ҷȫĵǣ˲ƿͻƵһǵ𾳽磬ʵʮ౶ٴʮڡ
Ҷ羳ͻƣӦˣľҲ֮
ʵ˲䣬ҶʩչӡȥٱǵƵ˽ʩչĴԪնݺݵغϣʥ֮˰У֧顣
һ̣ϣȽӾץסĻᣬһƿԴԴ


1520 ʥ
Сĺܲ뵽취ؾ񣡡
ҶһؾԴʱʥ⾳г˴ĹӰ㼯ͦΣ˫·̺ǳӡ
ǰĸװɣ
ȻǰֻӰ񣬵Ҷ翴ʱȴоϵĲµݡ
ĸױڤ֮ڤ֮˵ͷСлչˣʥ͸ˡ
˵ţһǶֻ𽣬̻Ŵ·͸ŻϢĹŹʥ⾳и˳ƮҶ硣
ÿµϢǰʥʥɣ
Ҷʥ˲䣬ظоʥĿ£ɣʥĵȼԳ˼Ʒʥﵽʥȼ
ʥϷʮϲһȼﵽƷʥȼܷʵԽɱˣڤ֮˵ͷϸĽܵ
лǰͱ
֪ʥĵȼҶдϲм˵
Ҫ˵лӦң㣬ǸŮ˿ûмһ죡ڤ֮ҡҡͷСһһҪ˵׼ʱ䣬㣬뻹ʮ͵սȥ޷ٸߡ
ǰ㻹ţ
Ҷüͷһƣ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
˺ƿռ棬㣬ֱ͵֤ڤ֮ţȻô£ƾµĺ֣޷ġ
ţûţڤ֮˵ͷֱ֮Ǳ֣֮ǰ˾ҡ
ǰǲ̫һǰ
ҶͻȻ뵽Եˣ̽ʵ
С㵽ʲôˣ
Ҷһڵ̫һڤ֮ž޲¶֮ɫ˫γӳ䣬޾ĹâҶ磬·Ҫ
ֻһСֻڻԵɺµõ̫һǰһ
ڤ֮ʧ̬ģҶµ˾֮˾̫һ̫һӦҲ׿˵ڶ½´ڡ
֪˭ˣ̫һǰἰ㣡ڤ֮ͻȻ¶Цݵðɣ̫һǰķϣһݻԵɡ
˵ţڤ֮ͻȻʥ⾳ʩչͨʥ⾳ˣžţڰС
Сűڤ֮͸㣬ǣʵɼҲұ̫һǰĶɡ
ǿʥ⾳ڤ֮Ӱӱޱȣ˵
ǰǷǰܷټһ棿Ҷ
޲ɢ֮ϯͲˣڤ֮ҡҡͷгһշټһ졣
Сúɣűڤ֮飬Ϳ뿪ˣڤ֮
ðɣ
Ҷûǿͨڤ̬֮ȣ²Ӧڼ̳ĴС
Ҳû뱱ڤ֮鷳Ϊ±ڤ֣֮岶׽һЩڱڤ֮Ϣɸ鷳
СټˣҲмһգ
˵ţڤ֮ӰӻΪޣҶǰʧˡ

ڤ֮ʧҶһĬĬص״̬ȫָƣ״̬ѣſͣһ۴Сıڤ̵֮˶Уתɻٵ
䣡
ڤ֮ڻͷų̵ĳˮſҶ壬ݺύľҴܡ
ľѹ
Ҷһдʹƻľѹ籡ٵ
ⱱڤ֮ĺǿűڤ֮飬Ӧлǵ۷֮
Ҷ֪֮Ѷȣʮ꣬Ȼһǵ۷塣
ڤ֮űڤ̫֮ǿˣ̺Գ˼Ʒʥϵɱ壬ʵ
Լʱȥˡ
žʹҶһűڤ֮飬ոͻûõľ磬һǵ۷塣
ţ˵ڶűڤ֮飬ǵ֮
һָоԼͻƶǵ֮˵лƽ⿪ħеķӡʱħɽӵħ֮ȫлɱī
Ҷȫڤ֮ʱͻҲڼٵʵ
ʵ˲٣ﵽ˶ǵ𣬻ҲнΪ켶ʥ޵ļޡ
ܽΪ켶ʥޣӵʵӦսһΣա
ʱţܿ죬ֹ˰ʱ䡣
һУҶ豱ڤ֮һٳ˾ƿͻƵ˶ǵ֮ʵʮ౶ͬʱٴﵽڽ
ͻƶǵˣ
ͻƵ˲䣬Ҷ˫¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ôͻƾ磬ʼδģҲΪʵĸ
ڤ֮飬
Ҷ绨ʱ䣬˶ǵ֮űڤ̵֮˶Уʵ
ڣҶϵ£ȫűڤ֮飬ʵǵ۷֮


1521 ã߽
ħɣ
˶ǵ۷֮Ҷһħٻ˳
ƽ
ţҶǿĵע뵽ħУǿƽħеķӡ
Ҷͷŵ߽£ħڵķӡԽԽɶسѺۣħɵʵҲһؽƵѣٵԽħʥﵽһħ
ħʵҶĴ󶨣ͷǿĵƽħڵһطӡ
ڣҹϵŬħڵһطӡƿˡ
һҶѵħħбӲҶʮס
ħ𣡡
оħƿһطӡʵҶ¶Цݣħʵ㲻ܻɱīҲܽܡ
֪ǿ϶ػûߣҾ͸һľϲҶ۾͸һĨɱ⡣
⿪ħһطӡҶû뿪죬ǽã߽˳͸˽ȥ߽ھ
ɲã߽ټƷʥоԼԻɱǵˡ
ã߽͵ȼҪΪ֮еεȵĿֲ
Ҷź֮Ѫʵޱȣͻһǵʱڵ˴ĿĽɫȼԶԶһĵͻƵǵ۷壬ڵĽɫøӵľǿ󣬿ȫ֧ã߽ġ
ãֻ߽һʽȴó棬һնɽͼ͵ӵ£ݻŲãɱһ顣
ã߽ѶȹȻС
Ҷӡֻʱ䣬ã߽ʱȴٳ޷һеϡ
һδݣ˽ʱ䣬Ÿոҵһ˿ͷСɣкܳһ·Ҫߡ
żԲϵݡ
Ҷã߽ʱսҲչȻ׶ΣԾΪ׵ĸɨǳأɱĸ֡
Ϲδܣ˵͵۾С
ھһ·ɨƽʳʱ𣬵۾˫˫ӵϹħľ棬ֽӵīǲᣬŹսıĸֱ仯Χʳǡ
ѵҪ壬ħݣ
һɣȫͣһϹŭŵ͵۾죬羪װþֶĤۣвʵõս޻ʱ߿Ѫ
ߣ籾磬ħ˵ʱԹȥˣ
ȫ̤֮һƵĵһԵػӦ
úã岻ݣ
սɱ⣬ȫŭϹħٻԵļƷʥ˵۾͵ھ֮ϼս
ɱ
𼶸ּսʱɱʳǣڻʳмս
µս𲨼ʳǣĳǽݻ٣ʳĽһ
ָڹսвϵ˵Ԫ
ͶӰ
ƽʹԡѪսϹŭˣٻͶӰ崫С
ձ
ϹٻͶӰ˲䣬𣬵۾ϴžֳˣʳ⳷ȥ
žĴͻȻߣϹԥһ£ǰסĵŭ𣬷˶ɱĳ嶯
壬ǸҵţϢָԪǲݣ
һƬǽʳǣϹ۾ѪɫԷĵ
սΪϹٻͶӰһ䣬ⳡսǸıĸ֣ԾΪ׵ĸ̲룬ĹٲȻΪԵİ
ڵ𡢵۾ȴһ˿ϲɫǳ˹˼ĵۼͶӰ½ī
ΪԼµīʵԺɨһ
Ҷ٣ī½ˣ֪𣿡
۾̾Ϣһ硣
ڵ۾죬ī½磬½µı仯ʱҶ²ã߽һʽϡ
һգ񽣺䣬µĽݻŲãһأһЯ޾ĵ̣һǳһ£ﲻƣ
ǣ
⵽ҶʩչĲã߽͵Ŀռڱһ˺ѿһ֪Ѻۡ
һ֮£Ҫ˵ǵǵҪ
ղã߽ˣƷʥȻ£Ҷ糤һ㣬ˣչ˺Լţһգ


1522 һɱ
ˣСôѵˣ
⣬ĵȴ˽ʱ䣬ȴٳδܵȵҶ磬õ𽥽ЩĽüͷšһ
ڤ֮µĴпɲô׵õģСܽڿռ䣬뱱ڤ֮һĹϵӦòСһľеī𣬳ŵ˵û¶һ˿š
УϣҶܵõڤ֮ĴУɱҶ磬ջ
īֱ𣬵۾ȫңǸδͽ
һֱڹעĸֱ仯֪ħ塢ѲʱļΪջ
һеȵõ촫˵ī𻺻˵
УʲôȲ죬ֻҪܵõڤ֮Уͻ۾磬ʱص壬ĵλһС硣
ī𣬵ĵȴʱڿռͻȻ޾ĹâӳأһģӰ˳
ڳˣ
߳Ҷ磬ī𣬵۾ѸϢΧҶ磬ֹܡ
߳죬ҶĿԶԶһۣ΢΢̣¶һ˿Ц⡣
ǵ۷徳磬ҲÿǰǿȻ޷׽īϢȴɸ֪Ĵڡ
Сӣһס㣬ī֪ԣǶô޴ľ֤±Ӳҵ壡
Ĭţ𾳽īڣҶ֮ͨܣҲѷɡ
˼ĥҶ磬йͷֻʱͻȻһֱ¶߶ϵĸовǿҵĲټȥܵҪܡ
ܵ˲䣬һɫâƳգԳԽĹ٣ն
һ̺˫ʱ٣쵽
ȻܵٶȺܿ죬ֱۻǱһ£ѪȪһ㣬ӿ˳
ţǵ۷壡һֱ۵Ҷ磬ī֪ľʵǵ˫б⣺Уõ˱ڤ֮ٴС
ȷʵõ˱ڤ֮ĴСҶ˵ͷҪðɡ
СΪõڤ֮ĴУǱڤ֮īĴЦһͻƵǵ۷һֻһ򵥡
𣿡ҶЦЦ˵Ҿվҡ
ãҪеõʲôУȻôģս𣡡
˵ţīб˵֮ͷ㼯һֻµĴӡץգץҶ硣
ħɣ
ⲻԽʵ࣬ҶûӲī𣬶ǽҿһطӡħٻ˳
໣
ӡħɵͭŹ׼ٷȥµײݺݵײϣӲī۵ײˡ
ţôܣ
ȻһīûжȫһܶԿģѿ׸ǵͭŹףīڹŹᵽһ˿ΣյϢ
ҶҶûкѪˣ
ħɷƿصĹ׸ǣɫصī𣬱ŨŨɱ⡣
ôܣħô˿£
ܵħɢħȻԼīеزû뵽ҶֶΣȻħɵʵħֱΣԼ
໣
īʱħɷײеĺŨŨħɳ˹Źףī
䣡
ӲһԲռֱˣµγ޾ķ籩ϯء
֮ĶԹǲǿԽˣ
Ҷ翴ħӲīһƽɫ׷̤һٽӰʧȥұۣɫ԰׵ĵǰ
Ѫݣ
ԾԶԶԼҶ磬֪ԼѲĶ֣Լڽӣϧ۵ȼǿѪʩչѪȥ
ӵõ𣿡
Ҷһ̤ƿ˿ռ֮ڵǰγ˲ռ䣬ӻܵٶȡ
ţ鼶ͼֳҶ壬֮ݵ£ӡӡ˵
һӡؾ䡣
·̺ǳĴӡݺݵغҵĵ
ȻܵҪܣӡĹֲ̫ռݣŵٶȣ޷㡣
䣡
ڵĿռһ޴ĺڶµӡֱӽһ۷徳ĵ⣬ʬ޴棬ϵ


1523 ʥ֮
⣬ʲôȼʥ
⿴ҶʩչӡһӡһĻīˡ
һָоҶոӡĹӡȼ³Խ˼Ʒʥﵽʥȼ
Ȼī츳ص𾳽磬ͻ֮һҲʥԼҶƴõʥĿʱû
֮ʣħŭһְֳصƴ󵶣֮ն
䣡
ڽǿħƴ󵶺ݺݵīͷļƷʥǽϣµӲīѹףֱ۸ǳصС
֮Ѫȼգ
īӲħɹʱҶѸȼǿѪٻƷʥʴʥī
ã߽
īҶ罫ȫĽɫ£ٻ鼶ͼʩչĿǰյǿһУī
һ鼶ͼͽɫ˲䱬µĵںһ𣬻ݻŲã񽣣˺ſռ䣬նī
ʲô
īû뵽ǵ۷徳Ҷ磬ʩչʽæݻش֮㼯γһſռУӲã߽
ǣ
ã߽ںīǰĿռʱҵĲµĵ֮ϵغſռУīһЩ鷳
īԵʵӲ۶ҶʩչĲã߽ʱħֳƴ󵶣նһն˱޿ɱܵī˲䱬ľֱ֮ӽӰն˵棬ҳһ׵Ĵӡ
ɶ񣡡
īܱ½ƴ֣ӣʵĿ϶û뵽Լ½磬ᱻˣеܴ裬ٻƷʥͷ׼ɱ䡣
ħɣʥ
ŭīٻƷʥʱҶ罫Ʒʥʥٻ˳ħɡ
ʥ
оʥ͸ĻϢīɴ˫ۣвǿҵĲ
ʵħɲ£ħһʥԼΣˡ
໣
ֳʥħɷײеĺȫħ뵽ʥУһʥ
ʥħ˲䣬ֻ·һ㣬ſļϸ֮ͣһʵʵĹɫ΢ī
㲻Ҫɱôҹˣ
ɫأҿīҶ¶һ˿Цݣ
СΪһʥҴ֣壬ɣīɫѿ˵
īĿȻǿӲʥв̫׿
ոյİأôˣƤˣѵ嶼пõ廨ͷҶļ
СӣĿ²ģȰûѡ񳼷㽫һīɫ˵
Դ¿𣿡Ҷ̾ϢһЦȻô˵ô޴Ļ
㡭
ˣҲһᣬԹԹ¸ҿͷҲãԸȫʬҶĳ
һС裬īץȼڵŭƲסԼŻɱҶļƻ
ಣ
һ̶ƿŭĵīˣԾ˵ٶȹҶ硣
ī𹥻˲䣬ħ˽ʶ֮Ĺɱī
ʥƷʥĹٶȲīһĸо
īʮ꣬ҲŲǿıơ
״̸壬ٵһֹǿӻĹٶȡ
ץסת˲֮ĻᣬīٴٶȣҶ緢ɱһҪȫɱϵһС
ЦڳЦ
īƷʥǽʱķ֣Ҷ粻û¶֮ɫڳЦ
һ̣Ҷʧǰõǽıɱһˡ
īʧ֮ʣħǿʥ˵ڶ
ڶͬʱһö䴩˹ͬһʱī޷㣬ֻƾƽз
أ
īٻķƱ䴩ǰƷʥҲѣ𿪡
Σʱ̣īиֳһöŹ·ĻһŶܣżѵĵסĹ
Сӣգúϧµʱɣ
̵Ŀ£ʧȥīһݻЩǱӳ⣬ʧ˹ɽС


1524 
Сиɫ类ӡǿĽ洫Բ½磬Ը⸶Ĵۣ۶½磬㻹Ҫú׼£ʵڲ֮
īǱʱڤ֮ͻȻҶ
֮Ҷһǰ֮
ס֮·֮ʣѰӻڤ֮ûҶ͸¶ϢˣѾ㣬ʵ˼£ҾսֻҪܷмһ졣
˵꣬ڤ֮ʧˡ
֪ҪˣҶû뿪ĵصȴ
Լһʱӿһɿµֱ̲񷣬˺Ľӡ
ͬʱ֮ͬµڤʮص
壬Ǿ½ɣҵǣ
ĿҶûôٻ˽ᣬʧ˹ɽС
Ȼڤ֮Ҷ·Ҷ޼͸һöҪİ壬ö壬Ӧв
ܳǡ
ΪҶĹϵܼΪչˣټܼϹʹܼͻܳǱԭֹŴɢǰͶ
׽ƣ
һ۵һʯ䶷̨𣬴д
һӲߣɫ۵Ϲżֻۣʮһ͵꣬ӡ׽ƣһĿ࣬һ룬Ĵ󺺴䶷̨˱
ܳСţ磬ôպķչԲ
û취˭˼ҳأôĸĸ벻ѣ
ԡ£ʵǷ꣬䶷̨۷׷ף¶Ľ֮ɫҲ¶ʼ֮ġ
ӦþݺϹѩĶӰɣ
һɫͦɣ絶Ƿ͸һ˿Ӣ¶˵ЦݣĬš
ӣǿԽ缫ܳǵҶ硣
ҪǹúòãܳǵķչݺϹѩɫĶӣҶ糹׷
ǧ׼ȥ棬ǿűҶ޼ºֵ࣬бѹħ
ֻҪħۣҲɲв
˭ǰս
ֳһĵ䶷̨ս߰˵
ս㣡
һֳһɳìһ԰̺ۣļԾ䶷̨ս
ȻʵԶԶ̺ӣװԶԶʤټĶֲʵϵĲ̺࣬Ӽսδ·硣
ԽԽ죬̺ӳˮĹƣϵؼǱӵ£ʾ׵ı̨µĹڴ񫡣
ӵ츳˲ãԺĳɾпܳף
ҶҲ޲ڣЩۣҪԽ̺ܰӣԲ㡣
Ȼ˼սһʱ䣬ĹƳһ˿ٻ̺ѹơ
ЩģۿʱҶ΢սжָ㡣
츳ߣҶָ£ܿ춴Ϥ˰̺ӵĹ㣬ڱзŷ
ͣ
һ˺
ץס̺ӹһ˺ķһɣˤ䶷̨˱
Ӯˣ
Ѫֹؿڣˤ䶷̨İ̺ӣɫ΢΢Щ԰׵¶˼Цݣæ̨£Ҫ֪˭ڹؼʱָ
ǱȶһΣʱҶһһϮ磬䶷̨ϣĴ˵ҲռˣʲôֻҪĹܴңӮʱҸһ
ģ
ŲŭҶ磬ԼµոָԼ۾һ
Ϸԣ
Ҷ¶ŵЦݵ
ãСˣ
һŵҩָһĵĻֳֵҶ緢͵Ĺ
ٶȲ׼ȷȲ
ȣҪڹʱȺ͵ںϣܸķӽ֮
ҶƮĹȣ䶷̨صܣܵͬʱϵشָ
Ҷָ£ԽԽԽҲҲԽ
Ҷ֮ʵ̫ʹĹ޷մҶ½ǡ
Щ֧ٶȱ仺ʱҶͻȻֹͣ㣬ֱۣסĵ
ӮˣǬָˣǵô㸸ĸʺã
˵꣬Ҷһ˲һʧ䶷뿪ܳǣֱǰյ档
Ҷ뿪ãܳ뵽Уݷ޶ұܳǣδҵҶ磬ź顣


1525 
棬յĵط˲֪£δ̽ܡ
Ҷȴ֪ûдԵֻһѹħĵط
ôȥˣд½˰ɣ
ҶڰУűڣʵ棬ûٵʱ䣬һ뵽֮С
أ
ɽ棬ҶǿоƮ˹ҪѪ⡣
Ҷʵȣǵ۷徳Ժɨ½һи֣еһв
ţϢ
Ҷмٷʱǿǰ֪һϤϢüͷһ¶һ˿֮ɫ

Ҷû뵽ϳ
Ȼ뵢ʱ䣬ʱĶϳ鷳òʱǰȥȡ
ণ
һëȻĹ
ϲŶ۴ȫŨŨʬֳɫĳǹϹŶϳ
ȻϳʵףʵܵѹƣټֻʬʮֵײУӶϳĹ˼鷳
һ첲Ǳһֻʬƣʬ
ɶ񣡡
оѹƲסʬϳһҧٵͻΧҪٶȰֻµʬ
ͻΧ֮ʣͻȻ뵽˵͹ȡ
Լ󷽳һźźȻƵʬ滯ɵġ
Զϳ״һʬȺУӵΣգòıƻ
ֻʬĹֲ̫ʬϵͻȻ˿ռ䣬ŶϳͻΧ·ߣĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ϳ費Ҫæ
ʱһζͻȻ˶ϳĶУһ
㣡
ϳһŤͷķ֣ҶʬȺԣʬȺ·ûзδ
㻹ʲôϿæ
ϳ԰׵ϸֳЦݣҶ
̬ȣҶЦЦ˵ҾҲԣҡ
ãֻҪңҿԴӦκεϳֻʬײйĵǷǡ
˵ģ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˲һ㣬˷յڶϳߡ
໣
Ҷֻ֣ʬײеֳֳìҶ硣

ҶͻȻ̤һµĵΡĴɽݺݵغֻʬϣֱײǿ׳壬ڰлѪ
ˣ
ҶɱֻʬʱƵʬȺ˹ŶĤܲѡ
ʥ𣡡
Ҷſͣ³һȵķʥ˲佫ʬȺڻˡ
Ҷ磬ڴﵽʲôˣ
ŲѴ֮ɱʬʬȺҶ磬ϳ˵ʵԾʵ
Խ½ޣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
ԹȻģдĵҩ
ϳ۾ʱҶȡ
ιιҪңܲ𣡡ӭŶϳĵ˫ҶЦЦ˵
Ҷ磬һŴĵҩ𣿡ϳĴ˵Ըκδȥ
κδۣҶЦЦ˵ոѾǷһŵˡ
Ҷ磬֪ܰȤһŴĵҩҰܰ㴲ϣϳջ˵һˣɲ˶ܵġ

ˣҺܰѣûзǷ֮룡ҶЦһû뵽ϳȻܰӺס
ôҸȤϳᲦһ´ǰĳðɣֻҪ㿪ڣҽˡ

㣬ܺú˵𣿡Ҷˣֻ棬ӦóͼɣֻҪ㽫ͼңٴӦһ£ҾĶһʹһʥƼϵ
ģ
ϳϲ˵æǬָóһͼҶ硣
ҶһͼսǬеҴŵҩܰܶˣҾ͸ʥƼϵ
˵ܰû˼
ϳĵ˵˶ġ
ʥƼϵ㣬гһ쾳ޣʥƼϵ㽫мʴ٣ͻƵǵ𾳽磡Ҷ͸˶ϳһʥƼϵ䣬ֽһöǬָܰöˡ
Ҷ磬λҪ̽𣿡
ϳҲȤܸҶߣһָоԼ˵ܽ⿪ܡ
λΪ棡Ҷ˵ͷ
ôЯ̽һ̽ܣϳգŴ۾Ҷ磬һڴ˵
ˣ̫ˣҲƿߣ
Ҷҡҡͷһھܾ
˵꣬Ҷ粻ȶϳŭ˲һʧˣĶϳðȴ޴й


1526 ½
¡¡
˺Ʋ𣬲Ż޾ķˡ
һ޷ĿռѺбѣ𶯵ŷ·ʱܷ顣
ˣ
ڻ뵽֮УŵĲ죬ɱ˾ֲֻʶʱһ͸ĴѺۣڻС
͸ĴʧϢֲ·ѹӴһŮܳڵȺʱīǰ
ͷһɫۣ˫΢΢ЩףֻʮͣŵӣīĴǰ
Хۣû뵽峤Ȼ½ִ֣
Хۣ֮һǧ۾磬峤ϲ
۾磬Ϊ峤̳֮һȻ̳лãҲĵλ
ī㣬ΪôŽ˴ڿռ¸ڣ֪
Хü͸˿µѹʵ
ī
ХɢĿϢīһҽƱ磬ֵ̿˵
֪˽ģ֮ƿڤ֮ĽƣǾñڤ֮ĺκβ㣡
ڤ֮µĴôƣֺαؽռ£Х۴ǳ
ī֪ˣХ۸īĻᣡ
ХɢѹԽԽǿīЩܲסԽԽ˫ȸǲ
Х磬īϾ峤ϵˣ峤һӣɣ
һοճȹɣɢҰʵŮХߣ˵
ۣһۣȻ츳ʵԶԶХۣҲҺʥ޺ѪʹսԶʤһۡ
岻ϧһдۣһ½磬ǶԱڤ֮кεȵӡ
κ۸飬Ҿ㣬αڤ֮ʧ͵Żص壬峤ͰɣХؾ
ллХۿлл飡
ȻīҪǲòԴм˵
ī㣬ǵõڤ֮֮Ϥ֪ȥ𣿡ī֮ɫϾХ۵ʵ
ҶС˽⣬֪ˣӦöϤī𹧾˵
˭Х۵
۾죬𣡡ī
۾죿ţûмǴӦ峤½磬ĵһʰɡХ¶һ˿֮ɫѵˣ
ţݵ˵۾죬Ӧö壬ͶСˣǰãʹ£˹սħǵĵжԣ
룬ס۾죬ҲܱƳСӣī
ߣȥʹ
˵ţХӶһֱֱۣ˺ѿ죬ź۵ˣ˲һ˾ʹ

죬Ϊʲôеܸод·
صʹһֱȴҶָʾĵͻȻЩü͸һ˿ǵĵ۾
Ҳָо۾̾Ϣһ˵ӹ𣿡
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷϣҶٻĵƿȻǡ
ڵ𣬵۾콹겻ʱһǸеϢھʹ֮ϣϢ£ʹ˲䰲һŵڵصĻֵ֣ա
۾죬𣬻ۣ
һھʹϿը죬µþʹ
ۣ½ˣ
Х۵۾죬ĵ뵽˵͹ȣû뵽˵죬ī½磬ϧһд۴ܡ
죬ݼ۴ˣ
۾죬֪һٶ㲻ȥˣֻӲͷƤ뿪˶磬ھ˾ֵĿע£ڰУ
۾죬ôĹұ壬ǿ֪Х۴ѵ
۴Ϣŭǲ뱳ѣֻǱ˿ˣû취
Ϊ˻ֻܵ飬Хۿһ
Хڱ۸һĻᣬСӵ䡣
ңǲ֪εأֵ̿˵ҿϵ
ھϵХ
ǣ
һ¶ͷϵĺˮóѶ飬Ҷϵ
ڵϵҶʱХ۱۾ͷǿע뵽˴ѶУҪͨѶ飬ӦҶλá
½磬Ҷȴ֪飬Σ


1527 챮
ţѶˣ
նϳĵͼҶ磬ͻȻܵһŴѶԥһ£ͷ͸˽ȥ
Ҷ٣£
˳ϵҶ磬õһŬԼƽʵ
š
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬һ˿ɣţоԼдѶгһ겨ɫ΢䣬ԥ˴Ѷ顣
۾͵𱻿ˣ
ĴѶ飬Ҷɫȫ϶ɴ½ˣԼٱ¶ˡ
ҪҵħѹĵطշħȻ鷳ˣ
ȻҶ粻½ĴʵͨѶ鴫ѶԼĴܣʵԺֲܿ
ԶԶī𣬾ԼͶӰһǶ֡
ѹħĵطأ
ҶԺеóͼо
ȻͼûϸıעҶ绹λͨѹı仯ȥͼȺɽĵط
֮ҶٻᣬԳԽٵٶȷ˹ȥ
죬۴ˣѶˣ
Ѷһ£ֵ̿˵Хһɱ
֪ˣߣ
ȻХۺ˵۾͵𣬵뵽ǻüֵҶ磬õڤ֮ĴУϳ͵۾ˡ
ռеѹԽԽӦҶԵطˣ
ҶȶᣬȥʱоռгĿռѹԽԽǵ۷ʵܵ˲СӰ죬ʵܵѹơ
ţʲô
Ҷ˺ԽԽǿĿռѹӽͼϱעȺɽʱ˫ֱڵԼ޴Ӱӡ
Ӱ֮£ĻĿռƣڳһ˫޷еʵ
Ҷ˵ط
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챮
ҷ·صĺҶ翴޴Ӱɸߵ챮Ŀռѹƾ챮ͷųġ
ܵ챮ͷŵѹӰ죬ҶʵٴαѹͣڽɫٶҲܵ˼Ӱ졣
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䣡
Ҷһ޵񽣣ײ˴մĿռϣµĽӲռ˺˵Ѻۡ
ҶҪԵ˺ƿռʱΡߴ챮ӿηѹ֮գصҶϣֱӽӰк䵽˵档
ǽﵽƷʥȼһֱӴݻҶ塣
ÿµѹ
ѪҶ̧ͷһ챮ûäĿĹѹ֮ѵվԶ˱챮Ƶ򣬽֮ٵػָơ
ԼһʱҶָƣվħٻ˳׼ħɵǿ˺ƿռƣ뵽档
ħɣһҿʱʥҶ罫ĵһʥħɣ
ţٻƷʥʴʥȼ˺֮Ѫһγǿ˺ƿռƣС
ر䣡
׼ҶںʥѪ顢飬ȼʥ𣬽һʵʮڽ˹ſѹĿռơ
ã߽
Ҷ˺ѹƽռʱ鼶ͼֳ壬ɫںһ𣬷ӿʴʥС
ֳʴʥҶ罫£ʴʥںһʱ񽣷ݻŲã֮ݺݵն˿ռϡ
ʱħ𾳽ħɣʥ֮㼯ʥУ۳һʥ⵽ã߽Ŀռơ
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ͬʱ⵽ã߽ʥĻĽѿѺۣʱغе챮ͬʱҪҶѹ
Ҷ緢˫ع̫󣬹ĻĽƱӲһ󶴣˳Ľ뵽С
Ҷͫ΢һ˸۴֣ϴɵĺɫƽһߴﵽʮɣȫűըԼ⣬һһ㣬źۣؿڴһ޴ѪľС
ħ
ǰľˣͻȻϢ
ħһ޵ǿߣ˿ɵУӵк绽֮ܵħ


1528 ħ
ħôڶ½Ǳ˭ѹˣ
ԴϢħһԵߣﵽ˵֮ȱڤ֮ҪֲҶ޷ôһֲĴڣȻѹ˶½
ѵ⻹̫һɵģ
뵽½ʵѹģһҶ޼һ̫һҶ²ħʮа˾̫һѹġ
̫һʵжǿ
ܽħѹĴҶ޷ʵǿĺεȳ̶ȡ
ҶںϹħĴϢʱһ˸ɫͻȻ˶Ĥըѵ
һ̣ħͻȻ˫ۣҶ硣
ȻֻԶԶؿҶһۣµȴҶһֱѪⶴĸо˲ѡ
࣬ô뵽ģ
ԶԶؿҶ磬ħͻȻ˻Ҷܲѡ
ģ
Ҷһѹס꣬Ӧ
ңħ·ЦЦ˵ҲĶʲô̫ˣһħôҡ
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ħ̫ˣΪ˷ֹ½ɻԵѣ֮Դ౻ˣʹһֱ¡
࣬ҽ໹㣬мɰ뿪Ҷ˵ͷ
࣬˵ʵĿİɣ֪㲻װ׾ҵġħضԼ࣬ƹİ
˴鷳ҪİҶ˵
ô򵥣ħоҶû˵ʵ
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ˣӸңĿȵؿŵ걻ǿߵ࣬ƺ
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ǿ̫ǿˣ
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շԺˣ㵽磬ҲԱ֮
໣
ֲХŰأһ˸ħס壬ںʱȻܵ˲СΪ룬ħسקħռ䲼Ѻۡ
ʱѹ챮Ƴ˾ҷĺƣŻѹ֮ݺݵغħĻᡣ
ɶѹ˱ô꣬ѵ𣿡
⵽챮ħɽ˵Ѻۣµѹ̵֮ĳˮӿУεѹ
ǿ壬ħס챮ĹӲ˸˫۵ħԼֱӰѹС
˭˭ˣ
ħںʱһϵ챮챮ǿѹӡȫѹ
̫һ̫һģ
Ҷ̫һӰϤ챮̫һȫȷѹħ̫һ
ħں࣬޷̫һǰѹǾ鷳ˣ
ҶȻʵԺɨ磬ħ̫һǰӤﲻκεæħ޷Ǿ鷳ˡ
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챮γɵѹӡԽԽǿһħҲһ㣬ħ壬ĥ־
أںħԽԽʳѪֱӻѪϪ
ô죬ħ޷ƾ
ħԽԽҶļ٣޷еļƻգпܱ
Ҷ簵ԵʱħصͻȻ춯ص˲ʮħ
ٰ࣬ҵ챮ֻҪȡʮϢʱ䣬
Σʱ̣ħŻҵմ
ħǬеҶ˿ǵȼսԼäĿİæֻܵڻҡ
ʱеϣеİϣģֻеȴ


1529 
㲻ҪνˣԹѹɣٷɱ㣡
һ챮вȫһħ
϶ѹƴһҲҪһ£
ħĿɽбסһħ
Ȼڤ粻飬ǾûıҪˣ
˵ţ̫һ걮еˣע뵽챮У챮Ҫ˺۵ħѹ
໣
챮ѹ£ħɽϵط飬֮Ҳò԰޴ʹʹ
ۿħҪ걮ѹ壬ͻȻһֻɫĴƳ࣬һƻ챮
һ̣챮ѿѺۣ챮е̫һл궼ܵӰ졣
˭˭
̫һϵ͸˾ʮֳԾ챮ֻɫֵ
̫һȫ޸챮ȫѹħʱɫͻȻ겨ӿ뵽챮С
ܿ죬̫һٵˣһħ飬ѹħµ챮ʧ˻ҵĲС
ţ⵽׷ʲô˭˱񣡡
ħɴĥ̴۾űԵԼȻ漣ˡ
ħδйϲʱͻȻоһ͸꺣Уٵγӡǡ
ɶκ˶Ʊ񣡡
ħ˷ŭǿҪеӡǡ
κΣҶ޼µĺ̫£ټͱҶ޼ֽţķò԰
أĻ꺣г˿µӡǣҲơ
ţħˣ
ǬĵȴҶ磬ͻȻħϵüͷһƣ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ţ뿪Ǭ棬ħʵŭ
㣬ǲֽţ
ħž޴۾ŭҶ
͸߰ɣȹʱ䣬Ҿͻ򣬵ʱҴع飡ҶħŭЦ˵
㡭
ӦԼĴҪɣֻгңҶ绺˵
ҾҲ᳼С࣡ħεȵĸ߰Ըһࡣ
֪̫Сˣ㳼ڸոǽֵأ᲻ỹҶЦЦ˵
С࣬һָ㣡ħ߰˵ֻбȱǿ˲ñ񳼷
ոǽ˱ȣ˭ǿ˭Ҷʵ

뵽ɫ챮һĻħ硣
ҿԸ㣬Ҹף֣
Ҷ缫ҪΪշҶ粻òҶ޼
㸸ס֣ħһŵ˵ûƭң
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ƭ˼𣿡Ҷ絭˵ҵֶܿ𣿡
ɣԼһǧ꣬һǧһɣ˼еħҶȴ˵
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ħ۾һ
һǧħ˵̺̣ܶܶһǧʱ任ȡԼɣ׿
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ãɽħһСһ˸ħ̫ʱ䣬˵˸Ҫ˯ޣֻ֮ʰ㡣
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㸸ʲôط
ħ˱˵ĻأҲǰ
СҶ̹׵˵
Сħһ㸸׵ʲôˣ
֮ѪʵǺ֮Ѫ
ħԾʱʩչͨһҶ壬ֱӴסˡ
㸸Ҷ޼
ħҲ緢һĻǿչ·ĺ֮ѪҶ޼ߣҶʵǺ֮Ѫ뵽֮С
֪ҸףҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ҿҶ޼Ķӣ㣬ôôȷҶݣħֱӱ˴ֿڣŵųһɢ޵ĶӣȻ˵С
Ҹոյõ֮Ѫģһǧʵ㣡Ҷ΢΢̣˵
һǧͻƵ񾳽磡
ȻҶĻ˷˼뵽֮ѪĿ£ħоҶӦ
ˣӦиռ䱦ɣȥ˯ˣûµʱҪң
ոһսħƼأҪˡ
ȵȣǵһʼ˵ĻΣҵҪİҶ˵
ðɣǾͰ򷢼Сȥ
˵꣬ħ仯̬Ҷ֮ȥ


1530 Ŀ
ǰʲôΪλǵȿֲ
֪طе죬ʲôΪ֪ܣ
ܣСλ棬˱ڤ֮⣬ʲôܣ߰ɣסС˵
Х۲Ϊ˵ûн
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ţСڸʲôôŪô󶯾
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пܣ֪½磬϶Ҫһ£èվһֻèèǱ䲻ϻģĵ˵
ͷҲûãХ۵˵ͷ۵˼ӿٶȣٵȥ
Ҷ٣㻹𣿡
뵽Хۣ۵ʵ۾һĸо
Х۵˿ѹĵطʱٴѰ
͸ҷĺؿΡɽ챮˾죬еѹ˲ʧ
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ȻХǶۣ챮ʱȴоϵĲ˫¶֮ɫٶ۷塣
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˭
ȻХϵϢܿ£ԶԶҶ磬ħҶ粢δ˵
Х磡Хۿ˵ڱУĸ
½ʱǲǱżԴˣô˵һһ㶵ģҶ缥

Хû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬵ɫһбƿٵۣһֻ֣ѹҶ磬Ҫһ
ͻȻħ̧ԴһХ۵ƴ֡
һֻ̣ѹĴֺ鲣һ㣬׵ˡ
š
ǰһĻХͫһħ۾вɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǣ
Хۿħ˵޸ոյĿһԼƴֵĴڣԱǿ޷СĽ棬ȿµĴڡ
ƾһССۣ֪˭
Х˵ܿ񣬵ħ˵мؿХۣĮ˵
ܣ
Ȼħûɢһ˿ϢХۿʱȴܵĸоϵĲ뵽ո챮вŨŨĲ
˾Ͳ֪˭˰ɣ
˵ţħ̽˴֣µĴַ·ץ£ץɫ䣬ٻƷʥȫХۡ
䣡
ԲĿռһ¡
Хٻʥһ㣬ħ۵ĴץסǱӡĴץ飬
ӣ
ʵǿХ۱ħһץ۵ŵɫ䣬׷׽ٶҪѸ
ʱħյ㶯£ռֱˣµ˲ۣīˣֱӽǽ飬ʧݿռС


1531 ӡ

ĿħɱХ۵˵һĻ۾죬ӲоĿ־塣
ǷҶĿԼʱŵһ£ѸٵĹ˵ϣҶ٣ǲҪѣХʵֲ̫Ϊ˻ò
ǣڿѾˣ
۾͵ãҶһ˵
ллҶ⣡
۾͵һȹأм˵
ոշһĻ̫˼ֱڣ˻һξ֮Уʵĸо
߰ɣȥ죬ӡţ
ҶĻõ۾Ŀһ£ħþηͿ־塣
Х۵˵Ҷշȥֱ˱鲼׵ĻС
׵ȻֲҶ˵ʵ̫ǿԶԶļޣ׶Ǽûһ˿Σգܿ죬Ҷһ˹ͨŴ
һƷʥ
ħʵȻǿ󣬵̫أģҶҪ˻ɱХۣõһƷʥʥǿзӡš
ǶÿʩСĽƣǿƽ⣬⵽Ʒɣʵ̫ǶԶһΪ
ħоһ·ӡŵĽƣһĶ
Сģ
Ҷ˵ͷ۾ԶԶˣ֮ԶԶؿħ
ƣ
ħһǿ׳ϵر˲ɽСеǳɱĵһ̤˻죬źһȭµȭâٵ˺ŴĽơ
ˣ
⵽ħžҵĲһĽ֮γɣһƲ磬ħ
֮γɵĽֲ̫֮ɱ۴ܣħʱȴ޷ɽֺ
ŵĹħһ޵֮ȭţһ߽ŵĽơ
εô󵨣ƻӡ
ۿűħǿк飬һŭ
һõӰӳУһʥħ
ߣƷʥҲ˱񣿡
ħһſ޴ͣһѪӰ緢˺ɱƷʥϣֱӽ˳ȥ
ţħһץգһ㣬ץɫ񱩵Ӱӡ
ͣ
ܣķѾѪ۵ӰӱħһץץˣƷʥҲħˡ
ǺˣΪԣ
ʶħĿ£һңԶ
Ǻֻ֪Ҫ֪籾ˣٽ쵽壡ħԵƥľ
ôĿҵҪ£µͨ
ܷŭˣرңԶĿռ棬ħ
ߣ۷徳ʱСһʮ
ȻħȻδ޷ǿʵȻ¶һ˿֮ɫոƷʥȫ
䣡
˸޾ǿգҵĽ֣µϵطһſǳǿƻĲӡ
ܽرǿħʵ£ǧڽһȭǳҪ顣
ˣúϷˣɣ
ħһϧ۵³һڱѪһϱѪ޾ǿգһرңԶ塣
䣡
ңԶ
⵽ħķѱѪʩչͨһܿƵر˴ѺۣܸǱµѪ˳ȥ
˳ȣħıѪһҪ
ħħ
ħĴͨɫ԰ףصٴһѪû뵽½Ȼһ񾳽ħ
ҵĻϲظ飬汾ˣٸȱص򣬺ħĴУħϿմ
Ȼħһ徭µıǨ¶ˣ˴ħһ͸𣬵ħͨ»ǴΪ𶯡
ǿħһȣ̫Զ
е̬أٿʱħٴһڱѪʥǿзӡš
ڣħķ˼Ŵ˾ǧŰپʮطӡʥӡŴǿнӡˡ
ˣҵˣǷȥ˯ˣ
ħƱͺأڱѪʹӵ
ˣ
ű⣬вҶ壬Ҷֱӽħ͵ǬУ䰲ڶؿռŨĵط뵽˳˯С


1532 ɱϹħ
ҶҶ٣ոλǰʲôˣ
Ȼûдľ챬Լħľ棬۾͵ɵˡ
ԴҲ벻ҶǴӺδӵͨ쳹صĴܡ
ħֳսҪ˵򣬾ҲܳΪһİ
ʵĲҪʣ㻹Ҫ˵𣿡Ҷؾ
ǣ´βˣ
ʱҶڵ۾Уͬ飬˫˸оϵĲ
߰ɣʱ˽Թˣ
˵ţҶŵ۾͵뿪˻죬˰ʳǡ
̶ɣҶһֵˮ̴Ǭٻ˳̶Ҿնħ崫Уʣͽ㴦á
ģ
ǵʥ۷壬зѪ֥ػˮ̵ɴ۾ϲʵ
תһ룬ĵ¶һ˿֮ɫ磬ǲҲҪ뿪ˡ
ţȥһеĶԹҾҪǰˣҶ˵ͷ̶ԸԸȥ򡣡
ңһɣпܣǵңˮҡҡͷᶨ˵
Ǻðɣ
ˮ̵ĲҶҲûǿ󣬵˵ͷ˵
󵨣ǰ᪻ʹ˲ڣ
ףֳֳìĻʹҶǣˮ̣ŵ۾ǰ۾͸¶ǳ
ˣ
Ҷͫһγǿѣ֮һʹУΡ
Ҷ粻ɱ֮ˣֻնܣԸɱ䡣
λʹҶͥŲһ߽˰᪻ʹ֮Уܿ죬ϳϢ˰С
ҶôĵӣҰ᪻ʹΪҰ᪻
սð᪻Ԫջ޹ս飬Ҷ絽Ϣʱðɣһʱ֪ͨػʹϹħ
ôǲݣ
ŭ죬۾죬Ҷ絽ɫ΢΢һ䣬ջ˵
ǸҶٶ޹أ۾ҡҡͷĮȻ˵
Ҷ٣
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ɫҶ磬ԺͻȻһ˼ͷ
ҪˣսҵҶ米˫֣Ŀ˸죬˵
Ҷ磬㵽Ҫʲô
۾͵Ҷ񣬳˾ηĲһ˿˵
崫УҶ絭˵
ôĿƾһСҲħ崫У
һıߴϹħ˶Ϲħʥˣ첻ƽ˼֡
ӽûаҶ˵ͷ˵

ϹħɫһħйһֻյĴ֣Ƴ壬ѹѹҶ硣
̫ˣ
ҶѾǵ۷壬ټ徳һϼʥ޻Ҫֲ
һȭµȭͷֱӽϹħ۵ħֺˡ
ţ³˵⣬ԳԽٵٶȣڴʧɫϹħǰ
ѣ
ϹħʱҶγ˿µѣ֮Ϲħ꺣УǿҵѣθС
ָʱֵķ֣鼶ͼҶͷһö󣬷·̺ǳĴӡӡ
䣡
ʥӡ£Ϲħ飬µʥ֧֮УֱӽǧԶ˰
ʲôôܣСʵô˵Ŀֲɴ˫ۣŵؿǰһĻ
˵Ҷʵȫ޷̶̵ʮ䣬ҶʵΪܳɳ̶ȣֱѹϹħ
СҪ
Ϲħ𷢳˷ŭȫѪ֮£鼶ͼٻƷʥҶ緢һ
Ϲħ𹥻ʱϹħʥҲͬһʱʩչɱУҶ磬Ҫ֮ɱ
ɱңǻ
˵ţҶٻƷʥʴʥ̤ӭȥ
ã߽
һãƲ񷣬µĽֱƷʥһеһϹħ룬նɱ
ţҶһõӰӣϹħʥǰ
Ȼ˱ܵ㣬ҶĹٶ̫졣
ޱȵʴʥ״ǵ壬ֱӽǽʳ⣬ɥ񷡣


1533 Ž
ҶɱϹħϹħʥһĻ᪻ʳǼžһƬһ˫˫͵ˢˢҶ硣
죬˵ˣħ崫У˰ɣ
Ҷһ޵еɱ񣬿ž죬¶Цݣ˵
Ҷ磬ħ崫вôģ
ɱһֳһöӡؽƵľᣬ˵
ħͶӰ
Ҷû뵽ɱС
ӵħͶӰҲûãҶ֮ʵ̫ˣҶҪɱûжħͶӰĻᡣ
ݣ
ǰһӰȫ⿪ħͶӰʱͻȻԼʧȥ֪
ţѪұȱڴ˳޴ʹȫ
ɣǰܶõħͶӰ𣿡
һָնɵĸ첲ҶĮ˵
ħϷҲŹ㣡
Ű֮Ҷߣɷ˲ʵĺͻȻƽҶ磬Ա壬ɱһ
ͻƵ۷徳磬ҶʵǺεȵĿ£Ա˲䣬ͱҶһƺ˳ȥֱڰбһѪ
ħͶӰᣬֱ뵽С
һδСȻָ˰᪻壬ֱ޷һġ
ʣˣλɣ
Ȼˮ̺죬ӺԼĸףĵһ̣ȴ֣Լûȥɱ졣
˰ˣֻҪһŹҰ᪻ˣ᪻ĻλҾʹ㣡
ؿˮ̣ͻȻ˺ܶ࣬ҰģĶһ̻ҷ𣬴ʱһĺˣֻ׹
ãλ»ʵǻӽ𣬲ڣҶ̤ڰУ͸˭İ˵
ΪҶɱϹħһĻ̫ģʹ˸飬գˮ˳صǻΪʡ
Ҷ󣬰ʽΪŽնħ崫иؽ崫С
ҹŽ޹֮С
һˮһҸҶ绳У˵磬Ҫӣһĺӣ֪𣿡
ã
ḧˮỬ񱳣Ҷ˵㡣
磬ң
˵ţˮʮľҶ磬дŰƪ¡
Ҷˮھʹʱ᪻屻Ϣһ㴫磬Ȼ󲨡
Ҷ֣һ磬ø˵֪
ʣЩҶ粻֪ʲôֶΣȻշ˵۾͵ֱ˰᪻壬ð˹ţ
ϲĻҶһĿܿǱҪǰ׼
ʦ֪б飬е̬ԣһʱҵǬףԲߡ
᪻µѾ֪ˣҶѾɳɱϹħʵˣǬɫ˵
ô죬ػϹħʵ൱ƿص²ҶĶ֣ʦ˵
İɣֻҪǰͶӰһŤתƣʱǬֻܽһϣͶӰϡ
Ҷŵ۾죬뿪˾ֱǰ
ǰϢҲڵһʱ䴫Ǭ׵ĶС
Ҷ磬Ϊӣһ֪粻̣Ǭ۾˸ŨŨ׼ʹҶһս
һս磬ע
壬Թ嶥Ƿ׷׸ʹΪҶ
ˣ
ʳǿǿƷԴʱһּ۵۳УԾ˵ٶײʳϿյĽơ
ۿʳǽײһһʮɳݹصĽâۣһ˻ʳǽơ
ÿµĽû뵽ʵȻ̶ȣ
쾳ޣʥȸ֮ϵҶ罻֯Ľâ
һʳǽƣȽԶԶ缫ޣﵽ޷ĳ̶ȡ
˵һսܸ𣿡ͥʵ
ڵҶ磬ٲȻʧȻѾ˰᪻壬ԴЩΪġ
ųһ漣ģһ
ߣǽǹս
˵ţΪ׵ĸ׷׽뵽˽Ʊ˺ѵʳǣҪһҶ޵


1534 䱬ͶӰ
Ҷ磬û뵽ˣ챾޻أ
ŷɳ۵ҶˣǬ۾ŨŨĳ֮ɫŭ
һ̣һɿµϢӿϢ֮ǿضΪ֮ɫԶΧ۵ˣһľĸо
ʲôѵʲôΪ֪ĵƲɣ
оӿԽԽǿĲָоԶԶϹħǵѹǴϸе־塣
ͶӰ۵ϢҶû¶һ˿ţ΢̵˵ΪͶӰܾǣ̫ˡ
Ҷ磬ݵóѿ֮ɣ
Ǭ׵˶ͶӰäĿţֻҪͶӰһɱ֮С
ǿ֪ǰ½ۣһ˻ǶۣѾ̤˻Ȫ·Ҷ翴Ŀ¶׹Ǭ׵ˣ̾ϢһǾãͶӰܱ
ʲôⲻܣʵôնɱۣ
ҶĻһ㣬Ǭ׵ϣҶŵģͻȻһָоҶûŻǣ˵Ŀġ
С˵Ҳͷ۽쵹Ҫң
ʱһµƺʹĿߴǿ׳Źͼ·ĥ̴СԴһţǵͶӰѪɫ۾̤һ
ħɣ
ħ̫أҶûд˯ˣǽħ޵ħٻ˳ͶӰ
ȻħɵľͶӰͣȴﵽħۼޣټҶʥͶӰв
ţСʵôշʬ֮
߳ͭŹףħħɣͶӰ¶֮ɫϵ֮ɫʧ
ħɣʥ㣡
Ҷ罫ħɱХ۵õƷʥһǧأ׶̣ŹϵƵӸħɵ
ʥ
͸ĿͶӰӵ𾪡
໣
ֳƷʥħɷײеĺ̤ħ⣬ֳ˹ȥͶӰ͵Ĺ
䣡
Ż֮ͶӰײһ𣬶ʱھ֮ƻն
ȻħֳƷʥԿͶӰ
ħֳͶӰһĻҶ糹׷ڰУĿ¶־Ǭס
һͶӰħЯħٵ趯ǧգͶӰ
ͶӰȻǿĵħɵĹϾֻһͶӰ޷ʱ伤սڵ֮Ҳħ͵Ĺ£ٵš
ۣ㣡
ħͶӰɱһʱϹʥ˹ȥҪͶӰɱħɡ
ӡ
ʱҶ̤ǰ鼶ͼݵļ£ĵ֮ɫ㼯Ҷ˫֮䣬һö̺صӡݺݵغǡ
䣡
ӡըˣĻ֮˲Ϲˡ
Ϲʥ̼仯Ϊ˻ҽϹȻƾǿʵǿеסӡĻ𹥻⵽ش˳ȥ
ʧص׹ʱһɫâǰ
ٶȾ˵İֱ˺壬룬⣬ɥ
𣡡
ĿϹ𱻰˺һĻǬֻڵѪ
ͶӰֻʹһΣϹ̣ϹʥҶɱڶǵĸ
ǬױʱħͶӰʯײײһбѳ޾Ĺâ̵۾
һ̣Ҷȼ˺֮ѪٻƷʥʥ

Ҷ籩һ˲䱩ǵʮڽµһʥΧӿ㼯ֻſͣصʥУ۳һʥ
ݣ
̶ĦʥĿռ䣬˴飬ʥ׼ȷʧصͶӰϣµֱ֮ӻͶӰİ塣
ǣʲô
ĿҶһ䱬ͶӰһĻڳ˶ʥÿ־塣

Ҷһ޾Ľɫӿ뵽ʥУʥͶӰĵڶ
أ
ͶӰ貵̻ڰбˡ
ʥ£ɱ֮ͶӰ
ӽ崫У
ҶڰУɱȨĻߣ


1535 帲
ڣǬ򣬳
ͶӰҶûдɱ䣬ǽǵʥ۷ڣͻƵ쾳Ǭٻ˳
ͽˣϵţ¹ھʣǬǵʵƿش֣
ϹʥѾвˣҶҲɷĽˡ
λǰҪҪȥ
ˣҶ̤ǰɫɵ˵
磬ÿμ㣬㶼ܸǾ޴ľϲĳɳٶϷգѾɳͷ̶ȵҶ磬ɵøп
ܣʲôˣ
Ŀߴֵʵ
ǰãҸոͻƵǵ۷壡Ҷ΢΢һЦ̹׵˵
ǵ𡭡
֪Ҷʵڳ˶һ
ǿǵʥѾңɼˣǵ޷ĸ߶ȡ
λǰ˾ն崫УҿܾҪǰˣ⼸ʥƼϵ͸λǰɣʥƼϵλǰ쾳ʱлȫʵķԾͻƵǵʥԪ
Ҷ罫ʣõʥƼϵ͸ˣʥƼϵĵ
߰ɣȥʹ
˵ţҶٻۣ󴫳Խǰ˾ʹ
ʱ۵Ѿ֪Ϣ뵽֮С
˵ֿûУҶ粻֣۾͵ǡ
Ҷ磬㵽ʲôˣΪγɳô죡
۵̾Ϣһ˵ֿͷ׼Ҷ˵ʵĻλȥҶܸһ
Լʱ䣬һͣ˾ʹϿա
ҶɳʱԵ۵Ϊ׵ľڸˢˢĹ˵ϡ
۵Ը⽻λҶ٣λʼˡǣ
۵ڵϣŻӡֵ̿˵
۵ܴҶһ̽ӡյеãȻԸ⳼Ҿһӽ
۾죬ӡ㣬ȹʱ䣬Ҵӹܾ͵͸ǣ󴫳Ҷ罫ӡ˵۾졣
ǣҺ͵һṼҶٵڴ۾˫ֽӹ˾ӡ˵
ΪƸΪ꣬Ҷһ֮ŤתǬĴС
һգҲˣΪҶ֮գ崫Ҳһ
Ҷھʹ죬Ǳˣһ뿪磬ǰ˱½
׼Ʈɽһ˽ƹܾ
ƮɽʥɽҲĵط
ΪչƮɽÿ궼յӣһҲƮɽֵʱ򣬼зĵӣϵƮɽϣͨƮɽĿ飬ΪƮɽĵӡ
֣û뵽ȻҸƮɽͽ
ҶԽ޾ʱ·Ʈɽ£ǰֵľҶԵΪѩƮеˡ
磬Ҳμӵѡε𣿡
ҶվȺ󷽣ԶԶʱһӵĶС
һСմŻҽһ˫۾СŮվߣС˵
Ҳμӵѡεģ
СҶȴϿӰӣĪĲһ˿øС
ôȥŶӱ
Ҷ翴վȺٳδЩʵ
ңûʯ
Сҧһ·׵촽Щ˼˵
ҽ㣡
Ҷ΢΢һЦĳʮƷʲƷʯ
ȻֻҪƷʯҶϸûУƷʯҲ١
Ʒʯ
СҲʶ֮ˣҶеʯ۾ʱԥһ£һʯ磬лл㣬һƷʯ͹ˣҰʦɹһʯ
ã
Ҷ¶ЦݣԽϲõС
С뿪Ҷ羲ؿһᣬ׼ȻϢĽ뵽ƮɽѩƮˡ
ͻȻȺдԶԶȥҶ翴ոС˺ݺݵ˵ϣš
Ѿͷ͵ҵƷʯӲŲҴ㣡
һϸ۾ݽյӣŭСݺݵ˵
ңû͵ƷʯƷʯһλҵģС˵
˵ѣ֪Ʒʯļֵ˭Ѿͷ͵ҵģϸӶ񶾵˵
ƷʯҸģ
ʱҶСߣὫϺͮͮİӡҶ۾вɵ͸һĨŨŨɱ⡣
ƨ˵ĵطҹ
ϸӻδ˵껰ǰͻȻһӰҶһƣֱӽ˳ȥ
ɱˣ
ϸʹİƮɽִ£Ҳ˲ýš


1536 ȥ
ʲôˣ˭ﵷң
һͳƮɽ·ִ»˹ʵ
ִ£һҪΪ˵죬͵ƷʯڴңϸӶȸ״
˵Ŀʵ飡
ִƳһۼϸӣҶ磬˵
أ
Ҷɫƽؿݵ˵
㻰͸ʵʵشںŲҽ£ִɫһʵ
ⲻش£ҶһеСִ֪µĿ£Ҷ磬һԼϡ
ô˵͵ƷʯʵˣִĿؿС˵
ƷʯҸģҶ絭˵Уñý£Բ˶ߡ
вң
ִִ֮һΪһͻƵ壬ƮɽȨ˸ҵҶ統ھΪջ
߰ɣǽƮɽʱԻ˻ף
ҶʵִСϻץСС֣ҪƮɽѩƮ㡣
㾹Ʈɽ㲻ã
ִ¿ҶȫԼĻðɣһҪֽѵ
ס֣ڸʲô
һöһϮɫȹʸţɷİϣŻ˹
ͻȻϣſһˣ·УһƬհף˶ˡ
׳ϣ˵죬Ʈɽͽʱ͵Ʈɽ
ִĿȵؿƯһİϣţ
ִͼӴ׵ʱͻȻӰϣ۽˳Ⱦʪס
һ̣˴͵Ŀע£ϣŷɱҶ磬Ͷ뵽ĻУ
⣬˭
ƮɽӰİϣžȻ˽һİӵĻзޣڳȫɵִۣҲɵˡ
ˣˣô˿أ
Ҷİϣŵļο
硭
Ҷһ˫˫͵Ŀע£οذϣʱһԶԶش
ɫȹòȰϣŻҪֵļѩһ˹ԽԽĿע£˽Ҷ绳С
⣬ҲΰɣƮɽӾȻͬʱ˽һ˻
ҿǼһ˭Ϊʲô
һΣһΣ
ǰһĻ˵˼ˣִµȴĪĲ
ΪƮɽִ£֪ƮɽͶ籧ˣֻһˡ
ңҲôùɣ
ִԽԽ£ʱ޲ýϸ
ˣս޻ʾˣôСһҶøɾŮϵۣЦ˵
磬ˣ
ڶŮոȶʱһƳۣɣ͸ŷ֮ѩƮ㻺˹

ͻȻֵѩƮ㣬ִ֪Լˣһƨ˵ϣֵ˵
磬㵽ʲôˣ
СҲһĻˣգƯĴ۾˵
ԭҲƮɽˣҶЦ˵Ʈ㣬λŪôƣֻЩĿߡ
Ҷ򵥵Ľ龭˳
£ѩƮɫһϵ˵¾ͽ㴦ãòã͸ҹƮɽ
ǣ
ִµ壬ֵ̿˵
߰ɣȥƮ˵
ѩƮŭһ۶۵ִ£ԴҶͽǣֵС߽Ʈɽ
ƯСҲΪҶıˡ
Ҷû뵽ǣպȻΪƮɽ֮һ
Ʈ㣬λ㣬벻ȥһ̨չ
ƮҶһĲˮżɽ˵
ָ̨ѩƮüͷһƣʵ
磬Ҷ˵
磬ĻҲ̫òƮɽɣѩƮɻ󲻽˵
ǰãҸıĸ֣׼͸Ʈɽ֪Ըǰ磬ӹܾ𣿡Ҷҡҡͷ򵥽ֱ仯˳
⡭
Ҷ署ѩƮˣڳȫˡ
Ȼûȥ֪Ŀ£˵겻һҶ磬ȴ񻰣ıĸ֡
Ʈ㣬ƮɽǿҪȥ̨չõĻᣡҶЦ˵ǵİΣ赣ģһǣ
𣡡
ƮɽӵؾȼҲЩ˽⣬֪ǺεȵĿ¡
ȻƮɽƴ󣬵ǰһֻ־ܽǸ
Ʈ㣬Ǻúÿһ°ɣҲǿ󣡡ҶЦ˵Уʱ䣬ҿܾҪˡ
磬Ҫ򣡡
֪һϢѩƮ㣬ѩϣŵг˲ᣬҶǲһˣûпĬĬϧʱ⡣
ҶƮɽѩƮһʱ䡣
飬ѩƮƮɽ󲿷ָ֣Ҷǰ磬ʽӹ˾
һȶˣҶòعԹǱˣǰ֮׼ͨ崫У


1537 ̫һ
֮һƬ֪źܶ಻Ϊ֪Ĵܡ
һֱڶ½ˣʵɲ̫һƾ֮С
崫֮ʲôطأ
Ҷֻ֪崫֮λòҪޱߵ֮ҵ崫еҲ¡
ˣҶû˺֮ǣԷ֮Ѱ崫֮ء
ʥޣ֮ʥޣ
Ҷ֮ףѰ鴫֮ʱֻⷢӦóʥޡ
һʥޣһʼĶ֮ףž
ҶԼٸǣѰʱͻȻǰĺҵĲһƬɫ׷籩ԳԽٵٶȣϯ
ɺɫ籩֮ǿ쾳ϯ涼棬Ҷ˵ȴвԡ
Ҷһ޵е񽣣˺ɫ籩ǿд͸ϯ׵ĺɫ籩֮ȥ
ɫ籩ûãҶ⵽һɹ׵繥
֮ȻΣգ
⵽֮Ҷ֮ΣµʶоʵԽ½ޣҪ֮̽ܣ죬вʶɥںס
ʱһȥ
Ҷżį֮Ѱ崫֮ء
ͬʱһòɫĳеİ͹µŮҲ֮Ѱ崫֮ء
һָ̣֮ҵ崫֮أǰҶ뵽档
崫֮صʲôطأ
ҶͷĲӬѰ˽һʱ䣬Ҳûз崫֮أűҪֻͨ崫пС
ţƵѵ崫֮ǰĺ֮У
ҶѰʱ䣬ͻȻǰһѿĺи֪˽Ƶüͷһƣӿٶ˹ȥ
򺣹׵ĵײȥʱǰͻȻ˴Ļ
һ̣һɳںײγɣֱӽں֮еؿռС
Сڼˣ
ʧʱһͦΣɫۣȲӳǰ¶Цݣ˵
ǡϡϤģҶ΢𣬳Ծ˵ĸױڤ֮
ڤ֮ϵЦݸŨˣҾĸףܸлЩչˣ֪û㣬ûĽ졣
ǰˣҶ΢΢һЦ˵
С̫һǰҪ㣡ڤ֮˵
ã
ڤ֮ҶԲµ̫һҪԼűڤ֮ؿռһ̺źﳤʯڰУʯ֮ϣһҪߴһЩľˡ
̫һǰħ
ǰľˣҶظоħ֮ѪЩ˵
СħϷշĳѣ
ͻȻһħĶͻȻѿһѺۣһ磬ͷ׷˳
ݼ̫һǰ
̫һϤҶǰ
֮Ѫû뵽㾹Ȼ޼ĶӣҶеѪҺ̫һ¶ѵõЦݵСҺ㸸׵й֮ԵʵϷҲ岻ѣϷǰô
ǣ
Ҷ绺ֱӣشѹӵвʵվ֮۵̫һ
Ȼ̫һûһ˿Ҷ羲ʱȴо·һԽԽ׽͸
Сǲ׼ȥˣ̫һ˵
ǣ֮׼ȥ崫еأĿ飬ͨ͵еĽ洫󣬷򣡡Ҷ˵ͷʵ˵
Сɲͬ磬ǺΣյģĺ磬ΣأܱҰ
֮Ѫһ巢ϵܣ㽫ΣգڷǰҽһݻԵαװº֮Ѫ̫һ˵
лǰ
Ҷ޼ߺ֮Ѫ磬ֵ÷зҶȷʵЩı˿ԼѪܣ̫һԸæαװг˸м
СҲǵİ㣬ҪΪһ£̫һ
ǰ˵
Ȼ֪̫һǣ£Բ򵥣Ҫ
ȥĹ֮һĺ֮Ĺȡ֮ģ̫һ˵
֮Ĺ
ӵԣҶȽ˽⣬֪ĹֱǺ֮Ĺɱ¾֮Ĺ̫֮Ĺ֮ĹĹΣյģ涼Ի
ȻҶ粻֮ʲô֪Ҫ֮ĹͺѣҪõ֮ĸ졣
Ϸһκ֮Ĺãûеõ֮ģҪȥԸϷæϷ򽫺֮ĹĵͼӡУų˼еҶ磬̫һ˵
ãʵ㹻ˣһȥ֮Ĺ취ǰ֮ģҶһ
ãܳɲɹľʵѵã̫һ˵ͷΪлϷһԵɣȵõ٣Ϳ컯ˡ
˵ţҶͷռŤһḥ̂Ťſռ䣬סʼĥ塣


1538 ǵ
ǣ
ҶﵽƷʥȼѱݻ٣⵽ĥ̹ʱȴѺۣѪܿƵ罦ȾѪˡ
岻ϵرѣ޴ʹȫϯضҶ磬ȴûкгһ·Ĳ塣
ĥ붯ҶͬʱһɹɾҲĥ붯ӿ壬ʱ䣬ʵ
ǰ˵ֶܼã
ڤ֮岻ϱҶ磬̫һߣʵ
޼ĶӾǷˣҾܼʱ䣡̫һŽ˫ȭ֧ŵҶ磬˵
죡
ڤ֮ʱҲ̫һĥ̴֪ĥ̴ʹԽʹԽǿҡ
ʱڤ֮ҹռֲסʹĥεط
Ҳеõ󲻵ĺô˼ˣʵ׽ͻƵ
Ҷܼ죬ǵ𾳽ʵܵõ󲻵ĺôпܴʵ
֣֣
岻ϱĥ飬˵ʹĥȥҶȴûҧؿļ֣ȫӿľ
ĥ̵ʲô̺֮ԶԶ˼Ʒʥ
оʵٵҶᵽĥ̴ĺôһָоԼּܶգľʵ˵ܸһ¥
֮飬ںϣ
Ϊ˼ϵʹҶʱϵں֮鴹޸֧塣
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
շʹĥҶľƿɶҧŲ԰׵촽һδεسǵ֮
ٴγڳƿͻƵǵ𾳽硣
ͻƵǵ𾳽ˣ
Ҷͻƾ˲䣬̫һ˲԰׵˫¶˵Цݡ
ʹǿˣ
ͻƣҶ绹δüˣͻȻоĥĥ𽥼ǿ޴ĥ˺壬ĥ£۵

Ҷţֱ
죬죬졭
ҶڱԵʱʱʵǵޣԼͻƵ
˵Σÿͻһ綼ϼѣԾĥĥ£ҲڶʱͻƵǵ𾳽硣
ת䣡
˼һ£ҶѸתת䣬ӴӿȪѨУʱӿȪѨе飬졣
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
Сһ֮Ȼôã̫ˣ
뵽Լֵʱǵ˺ѷΰʹྭڤ֮Ȼ£һΣоԼ޷ĥĥ¡
ʱգʱ
ҶӿȪѨе鷢ɱ䣬仯˸ǿ飬ҶҲһ̷ʵı仯ڽǿҲﵽƷʥļޡ
лҪɫżֵյҶ磬̫һ¶ѵõЦݵðɣһݻԵܲץסͿܼܲˡ
˵ţ̫һָһΰɫҺ
ȻҺָֻ׸ǴСȴﵽڽ
ȥ
̫һһΰɫҺɵ˲ϼӿĥٶȵĥУĥһ飬ͷžӿ뵽ҶС

ɫҺ˲䣬ҶδܳţʹİľҲһ̼
Ҳܷһܼס
Ҷҧ촽űģŬԼʹȥɽصİɫӿ塣
ļһʱ͵ľƿѺۣڱԵҶһͻ˾磬ﵽǵ
ˣҵҪļ̫һϵЦݸŨˡ
ĿҶ糬˵Լ֮ѪǱɣҶպĳɾͿ²Լ
ͻƾ磬ҶʹһЩӿҺ̫ˣܲסֻܼתת䣬λؿڵѨУɱ顣
ǰ˵ͻƾ𣿡ڤ֮ҲҶͲεŤͷѯʵ
ոĻԵõһھˮټһ죬ھˮ̺ӦûͻƣھˮʹҺҲ죬ͷˣ̫һ˵
⣬⵽ʲô
ں˴ھˮҶѣʱһֱΡɽѹɽµĸоʱ̶ܷǡ
ȻԵԼȻڶ½Ժߣ˸ԼʲôҪץס̫һĻԵϵʵ
ˣ
Ѩеһ£ںھˮ飬ҶҲԽƷʥﵽƷʥȼǴﵽ˾˵İڶ
Ҷûã㹻ھˮľͻƣʵһ˲䣬ɹͻƵǵ֮ʵٴηʱ䡣


1539 ƽ𽣻
ԣ
Ҷʵ˲䣬ĥĥʧ̫һ̤һ˲һԣٻƵԡ
ѣּˣ
Ļ䶯̺ǿԣ̫һ¶ѵõЦݡ
Է·о̫һϢ·һĺӣ䶯ҲӵĻ졣
ѣٰɱһ°ɣ
˵ţ޴Ƭֳ̫һ壬£һڽС
ȺںƬ䶯ٶԽԽ죬ϸѳһŸǿԻγɡ
ԼһʱȫںƬɱ䡣
ÿһɱ䣬ѳһɻԡ
ʱҶɻԵﵽĿţõõԸİ
ν֮һɫƿֳ̫һģƿһʵʵϱ仯̬Ѫθֳ
ǰʲôѪ
̫һĵѪҺڤ֮оѪҺ֮ɴ˫ʵ
ҵɱһֻףѪ̫һ˵
ޣף
֪ξѪڤ֮ɵõһ
ζʲôСĳޣҲ൱ڵ棬ɻһ죬׸ǼµĴڣд˵׿ԻûΪ̬ʵĻ󣬵һ´γɵĻ󣬾Ŀܡ
׵ѪҺӦÿĺ֮Ѫ
˵ţ̫һμֵɹѪڽҶС
ǰгһܰ㣿
ȻҶʮֵĳɫǱڤ֮ƽģ޵һ;ļҪôһˣпǧǧӱ
޼ĶӾӹţ̫һζԶ˵
ǰܸңҶ޼ʲôˣȻƳ籸ڤ֮ȻǱڤɽˣҶ޼һʱˣ֪Ҷ޼
ûҶ޼ʵ֮һһУҶ޼绹һţһɢޡ˵˵ţ̫һ뵽ػ֮С
֮һɢޡ֪Ҷ޼ͷڤ֮һ˵Ҳ֣Ҷǰô
ϷⱲӾ˲࣬һ̫һһһսĿûݣҶ޼ʵӱ˺ǿչ·뵽棬õĺ֮ѪȻҲΪûг񣬵ѾԶԶߵǰͷ
ҶǰôΪǶȴСڤ֮˵
ֻܸ㣬ʥŮˣǰոջУӾ̫һڤ֮˰ͽܣ
ǰһһ⣬ȻҶǰûΪβӻ磬Ͼʵ̫ˣڤ֮ʵ
ûв²⣬Ҷ޼ڸʥŮʥŮֵܻõ֮ģֻлԿģ̫һ䣬·̲ǳ˫¶һ˿ս⣬ս⡣
ڤ̫֮һ˵֮ʣѪҶȫںˡ
ںѪҶʵĺ֮Ѫøӵľǿ󣬶Ѫе֮Ҳܺõ˺֮Ѫص㣬Ƕ˸Ҷܡ
ԼһʱҶڻ
۾ʱоı仯
ͻƵе֮Ҷʵ췭ظı仯ս˽ٱǴﵽ˾ڽȼպ֮Ѫѹ켶ʥޡ
ɱӵĿ£꣬ﵽ˵۾磬ĵҲ̶ͬ
ʱҶīǵȼĴܣƾ嶼ܽ򱬡
ллǰĻԵм
оı仯Ҷ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫĵĸм
мңһжǿģλˣûջ񣡡̫һЦ˵
ɣһݻԵ֮ȥ崫֮أ̫һҶϵǱһ˿ϣ˵콣̥ٻҰ¡
ǣǰ
Ҷ˵ͷԥؽٻԼǰ
ƣ
̫һһָµָ·𶴴ǿգһָ콣̥ˡ
ţʩչͨٻһõĻ棬콣̥Ƭڻʣľȫڽ˰С
̣
ں콣̥ʱٵطɱ䣬һƽɫ˿ڰγɡ
ɫ˿֣ҶظоʵķԾ˼Ʒʥﵽʥˮ׼
ھˮڣ
ʱ̫һֽǵҶδȫھˮٻ˳ǿ˰С
Ⱥں콣̥ھˮڷʵı仯һ㱡Ľ⣬ʼؽɻƽ𽣻ꡣ
СѾʼò˶ãܽɻƽ𽣻ˣ̫һ˵ڣȥ崫еذɣϣ´μ棬ܰҴ֮ġ
˵̫꣬һʩչֱͨӽҶ͵֮崫֮ء


1540 崫е
лǰһŬغ֮ģ
Ҷ޾ĺؾǰһŤĿռڶȥ
أ
ڶʱҶͻȻоһǿķ֮Լ˻
ôҾȻȥ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ֳ˼ΣȫڶгĽ˻
ѵΪǬ˵Եʣ
Ҷ˼һ£Ǭٻ˳棬һΣ״˿ռڶûκε
ҲµûӦ죬ǵԭ򣡡
죬ûо崫п飬ûӡǣ޷ʥأҶ粻ȷǷܽȥ
죬̣طǿ½ȥǷģлᣬһȥģ
Ҷ罫ɱХ۵˵õƷʥȼĿ͸ŮЩε˵
ƷʥȼĿܱҶŶ½˼ǡ
磬㣬һҪǣĽ§Ҷ磬˵
Ȼȥ򣬵֪Լʵȷʵ̫ˣֻĬĬʵ
ЩôǱ˶ŮҶ糢ŴԽռڶĽ뵽档
Ҳµûޣƴ֮ؿƣʵ̫ߣܵӰ죡ҶŶŮ˻֣Ųռڶȥ뵽ĵڶеء
ţӡôнӡѵǰҽ뵽
߽ɣµ崫еأҶķڲҳĵϣмǳǳĽӡһָоЩӡµģǰԼ뵽
ѵ
ʱҶԺвɵøֳһٻӰ΢΢̣¶˵Цݣǰһ׾ʯȥ
Ҷ翿ʯʱʯʯʨͻȻۣͭŭҶ磬Եô뵽ģ˸޷
ܿģҶ絭˵
ʵԣ˽
оҶʵ˶½ޣֻʯ֪µʯʨΪǿдѿѪڣ˾춯صĺҶ硣
ֻʯʨӷХǿԻǵʥȴ޷˺Ҷֺ
Ҷٵصָ˺˿µХֻµʯʨӵ㴩ˡ
Ѿ飬ҲǣòҪңҴǣҶؾһʯȥ
ʥأӲÿ
ֻʯʨӲηʯϸ߸ߵԾҶ硣
ܣ
ؼʱ̣Ҷ罫ϴ影ٻ˳ֻʯʨǰ
ܣôнܣ
ŵǰĽܣֻʯʨͣ˰У˵
⽣ؾеõĽӦҵ˰ɣҶ˵
ʵôᳬԽôࣿ
оҶµʵֻʯʨӻɵ
ô崫Ϊ߶Ǿ𣿡Ҷ練ʵ
ǲ˼ֻЩ⣡ֻʯʨӼԻĶһ۵ðɣȻӵͽȥɣʵԽǿսԽ׼
˵ֻ꣬ʯʨӻصʯϣ޶
ҿ崫еصʲôɣ
˵ţҶ̤Žݣʯ棬ƿ˷ӡڵĽƣߵ棬ʯпӡǿƵͨ
һǣ
Ҷ翴֮ͨϣֱӡŲͬǣ²ͨеѶӦЩйء
Ҫõ崫еıֻսѶȵͨϣ
ɣҼʶڶеصĿѶȰɣ
˵ţҶߵӡǣӡǿƵͨ˾ڽһȭֱ˿µͨƣߵ档
̣
ߵֲָͨУҶ⵽һ߰ĵƹҶ罫죬Ʒʥͨгֵĵ֮ƶв
ŵ֮ƹҶ粻ϵؼӿٶȣܿ촩ѵĺɫͨ뵽һصĶռС
ռУûֻһžŸʯŵƵľ
ҵһֿ飡
Ҷ绷һΧĻȥ
ѪѪ
ߵʱҶؿ˿˿Ѫա
û뵽ȻҲѡսѶȵĿ飬ͨĿ飬֪߶ԶҶ¶˵Цݣһ˾ڡ
һ̣ˣŸʯͬգռ䣬ҶС


1541 
󣡡
Ҷ翴ǰգصĴʵ
崫֮һͨݻγɾƣҪ󣬱Ҫƾơ
ǵû뵽͵ȵĿռ䣬ᵮȸ֣
Ҷ׼ʱһϵͻȻ쵴
Եɺ½е𣬲ǰģ̳崫Уһ֮ؽ崫У
ҶͦζھУ˵
ã׾˵Сʵ̫ǿƽڼ䣬ĿѶҪӲ٣Ը⡣
Ը⣡
Ҷԥ˵
ܺãǿڿʼϣߵ󣬵õߴУϵ󣬿ʱΪһ㣬һ޷󣬿ʧܡ
˵ţյľƷĺµأҶ硣
ХϮҶη޾壬͵̤ǰһӡһƣµſռ䣬˾ͷŵ
һ̣Ҷ³˵⣬һһ㣬ŹϹƵԣ˳žڽһȭơ
໣
⵽Ҷһȭ˵ѺۣµҰ
ţȻû飡
ŲѺ۵ƣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
֪ԼһȭƷʥܴ򱬣ȴδܺơ
Ҷ֮ʣʣ°ˮĹƣµ֮ڽڵİˡ
ɣǼ
һʱһ˵ʮּȣҶ˵ȴ㹻ˣûʩչκεͨҲûжǵƾǿ壬ѹһơ
䣡
Ҷһ޵еսУϵغһصȭâױȵѹȸУƼҵɱ
ҵҪֵܵҼȭ
ҶƷʥ壬žƵĹһըԵȭâһơ
Ҷ͵Ĺ£Ӵ岻ϵسѺۣµȫʧأײڵƹϡ
飡
Ҷһ̤գӱ֮һʯݺݵײѺ۵ϡ
Ȼﵽ˼ޣȴȻ޷赲Ҷµ幥
أ
صˣһƵƣʧС
ǿײһƣҶŤת壬͵ĲɱѹŰơ
Լʮ֮һƱҶԵˡ
Ҳ̶ͬܵˣ޴гݺύѺۡ
飡
Ҷֳ̤һƣΪϮײһ
䣡
ռһ¡
Ҷȫײ£ƱӲײˣҶ翰Ʒʥȴ
ʶҶµ壬ʣµӵǵͻȻγ׳ȫźۣɵơ
ʵǱ࣬вһĵܡ
ȻȻûã
ͻƵе𾳽磬Ҷʵ½̫̫࣬´еܣû뵽½ᵮȸ֡
ǿľҲ޷Ҷ繹в
ϮʱҶȻƾǿӭȥ
ʱʱŹ֮һʱ䣬ʣʱ´ࡣ
ҶƼɱԽսԽ졣
սķչҶѹסƣϵƻǾ޴֮
ˣϷˣƣ
壬Ҷ粻ٵʱ䣬鼶ͼֳ壬ݻ֮ƣڽ֮
;Եںһʱռ䶼Ϊ֮
䣡
ҶݻĹֱӽһƺˡ
ţŽεĽӳĻ꺣ӭơ
ͣ
һӴˣ˲ƵƣʧھС
ƾƣгһ㣬㣬Ǿġ
ݣ
ҶһɫӶ׻˹㣬Ƶľ
ʵȷʵ޷㹹вСĿ鲢ףҪͨȫѣ
ҶƵʱϵٴ
ͨȫ飡Ҷն˵
ãռѾ򿪣Լǰˣ
˵ţһռĿռų֣׹ӳռ䡣
ǰҪһ£ǲиǰҽпˣҶ翪ʵ
ǰȷʵиС츳ʮֺ
֪ڻ𣿡Ҷʵ
ںܺãԺ֪
˵꣬ϵʧˣռָֻƽ


1542 ʯ
ˡ
ԽռţҶ˵ڶ˿ռ䣬ռУֻһߴʮɣ̻Űɫ֣͸ǿһֻ޴֮ϵʯ
Ҷ绺ʯʱһ겨ӿ뵽Ļ꺣У˿Ϣ
һʽʧԶ̭
֪ȼΣ
Ҷʮɸߵʯִʯ
ǵ߿˵ȼʱΪһʱ
һ̣ҶֻһǿԼ뵽ʯУһȼܻĻУڻУϢŴ׶Ļޡ
ţôѵھҪԼѰң
Ҷӵԣµľǲ͸ʯУҶ緢֣崫еڶԼĽȻͬԼҪһʱҪҵھ
ܵʱˣ
оѶȣҶûеʱ䣬ֱӷӽ˻УͷǿѰصλá
໣
һײе޺
һֻֻϢڻеĻޱѣȼܻ۾Ҷ緢ײеĺвٻޣڵĻ棬ֱҶ緢͵Ĺ
أ
ҶӶȭͷһֻµĻʱһööɫӬͷСҶС
ԭھЩУҪҪĻȫɱС
̵ڶ˵ѶȣҶٻ˽ɫ꣬ٶޣư㹥һֻֻޡ
ͨ񣡡
Ϊ˼ӿɱ޵ٶȣҶѳ˾񣬰Լɱޡ
Ҷ;޹£дĻ޻ҷһſӬͷСֲϵڽҶС
ܿ죬ʱȥˣҶ;ɱ¾£оֻʣֲֻĻ֮Ļȫǻɱ
໣
ֻѳʮ׵Ļ𻢾һ𣬳Ҷ;񷢳ײеĺҶ;ʵֲ̫û
սپ
Ҷֻ֮в뾵ɱ˹ȥֻ֮ս
񣬽ǣ
ҶͻȻӿն񷢳
ӵҶϧ۵ı壬˿µĵֻ֮
ӡ
鼶ͼֶҶĻںһ𣬻̺ǳĴӡһеӡֻ֮Ӵϡ
أ
ӡ£ֻ֮һʮӬͷС֣ӿҶУھ
аʱ֪ʱ乻
Ҷһʱ䣬ϥ¶ȼߣȼܻĻУԲ͸ھ
ƷʥʱɻûһС
ҶԼݣһ˳ʶ
ȻƷʥѶȼ󣬺ҶֻҪյһʽչ͹ں̫һʯΣʮҶ绹µʱ䣬չһС
ҶԼٵݣȼյĻ棬ٵ
ͬʱҶͨʯ飬ɫϲ˺۵Ůͨ˿ռ;Уż鷳
ŮӲǱˣǻʵĺƵ
Ƶ磬ǻʵ֮ģ˵츳ԼһЩԵ֮ϴ쾳
忼Ѷ̫󣬴ʱһƬҰУ⵽Χ
޷ɱƬΣյĻҰ޷أп
ɶĹôô࣡
ƵѪ£ϵʩչǻµĴͨɱΧĹޡ
ƬҰеĹ̫̫࣬ɱͷȻɱͷ
ԶԴԴϱϮĹޣƵƯ۾͸һ˿֮ɫûһҧʩչ崫еصõȼ˴ȫһ
ȻûлָԪ֮ʣѡֻƴһ
չᣡ
ǿ֮ʵƵʩչոһֻȼʥĳѳ˺۵壬նǰһɱʮֻޡ
Ҳܷһܳɹ
Ƶһηɱǰһ
ƵΣʱҶ޵ʱڣɹ͸һʽչᡣ
չᣡ
ҶͻȻ˽յ˫籡Ļ壬ͷ۳һֻȼʥľ޴նԶֱڻһغ蹵
ɹʥ
һϵҶ𣬴ӬͷСӿҶС
һ̣Ҷ羪ķ֣ھ˼ر仯ø£ĵȼҲ֮Ʒʥȼ



1543 
û뵽ƷʥƷʥ崫йȻһ㣡
Ҷ֪Ʒʥǿ𼶸ָûʸֻͻƵۼпѧ
ع鱾壬ʥ䵽УҶûǴԽ˴򿪵Ŀռţ뵽һƬĻҰС
ԽҰִܵ˵أ
Ҷ绷ӻҰʱһĻ꺣С
ԭ
ȻҶ緢ֻҰвٹޣЩʵ̫Сˡ
ಣ
һ̶ƿ
Ҷ罫ٶޣ˺ƿռѹڻҰмٷС
һֻֻĹޣ˵ײײ飬޷ӻķٶȡ
ŷţҶǿǰоһϤϢüͷһƣӿٶȷ˹ȥ
ѵҪɥ
ԽԽأȼյ֮ҲľƵԽԽֵסһֻֻĹ޹
ڷĹȺһֻֻҧʱͻȻǰһһϤӰǰ
һַ̣ΧԼĹ޵˳ȥڰлһѪ
Ϊ˻ῴҲãûźˣ
ʧѪƵ¶һ˿˵Цݣصص˵ϣ˹ȥ
ңȻˣ
ҶὫȥƵ𣬽֯һĽӰɱһֻֻηĹޣҰͷȥ
ԼһʱٶȼҶ磬֪ɱ˶ٹޣ˻Ұľͷ˿ռ֮š
ιѣ
Ҷóһ׼ʥƵʧѪ࣬ò԰׵촽ϣ
ϤƵĽëһ£۾ԼҶ绳ʱסˡ
ң𣿡
߿Ҷ磬Ƶ૵˵
˵أ
Ҷ翴Ƶʧģ¶˵Цݡ
Ϊʲô㣡ƵͻȻҶѵѳ£
ԣ¶ȣ¶ȣңѵû
оҶϴ£Ƶҵ˫ͻȻ¶˵ɣʹҶա
ιι㣬ۣ
ƵϲӣҶ¶˵Цݵ
ۣԭû
ȷԼû£Ƶ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫܵıסҶ磬㷢ĵϲá
ƵҿһѪյˣջңѵһʱƲסˣ
Ƶ·أؿڴļѹҶĲɵһ
ȥåôʱû㻹ôɫ
Ƶɫһ죬ܾӣѸ뿪ҶĻŭ˵
ιι㣬Ͷ籧Ҳ㣬ȴ˵ɫ㻹Ҷ翴ջƵ˵ôûĺ˲٣еĵطƽˡ
㡭뵽Լϵ·˺أƵˣæ˫ֻס¶˿˿˫ٿ۾
˵˵ŮˣҲܻ˵ûƷλֲ˼׽͸Ҷҡҡͷ٩ˣҲ㣬Ͽ컻·ɡ
һ·ʱҪǸ͵ۣƵݺݵؾһѸתȥǬָóһѸٵĻˡ
ˣ˱ķϣҵ¾ˣ
·Ƶָ˳̬ߵҶߣ䲻ȵ˵

ʲôʱˣɲҪ˵ҶĿɿڴ˵
ߣ˵ûоûУƵСӣһģ˵֪ñԵʱʲô˵顣

ƵǲҸо̫ˣҶЩ˵
СҶӣôƵɻʵ
ΪҲ崫еļ̳ˡҶЦŻӦҸо֮Щǲȼ
ţĹ̫ˣҲʩչû뵽ǲɥƵ˵ͷµ˵
ȼɲС£ܼʱָпܶҡ㾳ֹǰأһҺԻָǧԪ˵ţҶٻһҺ
ң
ҶУ̺֮ҺƵ۾ʱˡ
˵͸㣿֪ҺļֵҶЦЦ˵
Ҫſϸң
ƵҲʩչĺʵ
ţ룡
Ҷ´Ƶ͹£ӵ
åòҪҵӰɣ㣬ûţ
׽ҶƵɫ΢΢һ䣬ݺݵؾ
Ը⣿ǾˣҶϷŪ֮ˮתҪߡ
ιι߰Ƶæ׷ȥץҶĸ첲СҶӡҶ磬ᣬҶӦ㡣
ģ˵ģҶ˵
һԶţƵͦε˫壬ն˵
ţ֮⣬ϻûܴҵĶɣǷһ£պ뵽㡣Ҷ˼һ˵
ãһΪ
Ƶ˵ͷһڴӦҶùҺ̵˶УָȼյԪ
߰ɣȥռ䣡
˵ţҶƵɳƬĿռ䣬һǿƵĿռ䣬ռУǿһ޴ͷʯ


1544 
û뵽¹ȥˣȻһߣ
ͷʯͻȻ˽յ˫⣬ҶƵ·Ҫ
ǰ֪ǻҪܼؿ飬ܵõյĽҶʵ
ҪõմУҪõؿ飬ֱǻ飬飬顣ͷʯ˵ˣֻһܵõմС
ǰһܴп𣿡Ҷʵ
ţ˫ް£ͷʯЩ˵
ǣҶ˵ͷ
ƵɫȻ΢΢һ죬ȴûзϣ֪ҶΪ
˫ް£ǿһܿ飡ͷʯ񲻴һ˿˵
ллǰҶл
ˣ׼£ͿʼлɣǼסһؿ飬Ǿûлͷ·ҪôҪôͷʯĮĶ
ףͨ飡Ҷ˵ͷᶨ˵
վǰȥռ䣬ƻռ䣬ǲܽռ䣬ͨ飬ǲܽ顣ͷʯ
ǣ
ҶץƵỬС֣ŭĿע£ͷʯǰ
ˣ
һ֮ͷʯӿ˲ûǶˣǴ͵һǿռ䡣
Сʵ̫ǿһͬܿ飬ǵĿѶߵģܻܲͨؿ飬Ϳǵ컯ģͷʯڻռдʱһ㣬ʧǶҪ
һ̣Ҷǰ˴Ļ͸Ƕ˵Ļ꺣С
ţѣ
УҶһȼźϲ֣ϲķУһź챻ĴϣһϼŮڴߣؿŮӣѡ
磬㻹ڵʲô
Ŀ⺬ˮؿ·ܽڻ
ô磬ʲôҶһֱ㶵ԼѻվһԽСţ˹ȥ§ĸ첲һֵǧɵӣ㻹ʲôϢɡ
Ϊʲô仯㣡
ȻռĻǿ󣬵Ҷӵԣӿ꺣Ļȫɣʵѣϴ˿˿飬Ҷһʧĸо
ѣ绹𣿡
ȻҶ֪һжǻ󣬶ǼٵģȴЩ֣§˻С
磬㰮𣿡ѽԴҶ绳Уḧյ
Ҷԥ˵
㻹ʲôϴɣҹѺúź㣡
˵ţ§Ҷĸ첲ź챻Ĵ󴲱ߣΪѵϵ·
һĸöã
ĵҶ̾ϢһԼѰҴռ
磬˵ʲôô˵
˵ľͺˣҶ̾Ϣ˵
Ҿİ
˵ţҶĴ֣⻬ϡ
ѣңҷ۶ѣһ½ȢţʱһĿڣһͬս죡Ҷؽ§˻Уĺ촽
ڶʱһĿĽҶ꺣з˻ռһŴ
һ̣һ̶
⵽ɫ깥ռһˣռгĻϵˡ
Ҷ§ڻеҲʱΪãʧ
Ҷ籾ΪԼܻᵭѵĸ飬û뵽ټʱȴͻȻ

̾ϢһҶƵ
һ̣Ҷ۾ԽԽԽԽ
պƵϵ·ʵ˴룬ѩ׵ؿڣ޳ûһ˿覴õĳȫ¶ڿС

һ˻Ƶз
ָѵԼĳ̬ʱһæҵ·һ߳Ҷ㣬㲻ٿĹۡ
˵Ƶոڻоʲôô·ˣ
Ҷһ·ӡеУɫĸγѪƵ٩
ҪܣƵ޺޵˵
Ƶʵ˵ոڻ˭ȻĸԸ·
ƵѸ·Ҷ绺˹ȥ٩
Ҷ磬ʣ˺죡ðɵƵߵ˵
˵ˣովʲôҶµõҶЦЦ˵û뵽㻹ͦš
ƵӶʨ


1545 
ˣˣ
սޣĿƵҶûٵ٩ǰȥ
ĿҶıӰƵ۾͸һ˿ţʹҡҡͷԺظҶ磬һĻĿռڣ뵽һ鲼ᾹʯϿС
飬һʱ䣬Ͽȵﾡͷͨأʧܣʱöκε
Ҷ绷ϿʱһĮϿ
Ƶߣ
ԶͻȻֵĺڵ㣬ҶûƵԼٶӭȥ
ţʥޣɱĶʥޣ
ĺڵʱҶǿ͸ؽƣЩڵ㾹Ȼһֻֻµʥޡ
ȻҶʵɱһʥޣʥ̫ˣҪƵѶȡ
ƵǱǰһĻˡ
Ȼ쾳һֻʥޣʤ㣬ֻʥ޿¶Ҫ
ǰʥֻʵᱻЩʥ̼̤
Ƶʧɫ֪ҶĶУʲôҪҪֻҪҾУʥԸ
˵ţ鼶ͼֳҶ壬ϵȼ˺֮Ѫ֯޾ĽâƵȥ
໣
µ޺춯أƵĤۣ
ͨ񣡡
Ϊ˼ӿɱʥ޵ٶȣҶѳ˾һһҷſռ䣬Ͻһֻֻʥ޺ɱ
ɫ꣬ն
֮ŭ
һսҶޱʩչֶΣһ֮Ӳס˺ܿӿʥȺһֻֻµʥ޴򱬡
찡ʵô˵Ŀֲ
һֻֻԺɨʥޣҶҶɱƵȫҶʵסǰһĻ
׮
췣
ҶԵɱ¾ʱһĶã޽ߵĵ˿µͨʥɱԶʥޣӲˮӿȺ˺һ޴ȱڡ
찡Ṧϵ³һǧͷ˰ɣ
ĿҶµսƵ߰ıܴҶҲ͸˾η
ͷۣ
ȻϿеʥ޷вҶ磬ʱȴɱ¾вϵʧҶ粻Ͽȵж೤ǷиΣյĿȴԼ仯ռ̬ӿɱ¾ٶȡ
ͷռ̬£Ҷɱʥ޵ٶ˽ټͨĸϿеʥ޴֮֡
ʱʱʱ֪ɱ˶ʥޣѪҶԶԶؿϿȵľͷ
ϿȾͷҶ翴һǧףȫСƬһɺǵĺŹȿڣǰ·
ӺɢĿǺһֻ켶ʥޣʵ³һۡ
Ƶһ취סȻþ뿪ҶһƵ
ô죿Ƶǵ˵
İɣǺǿǿ󣬵вҵʣµʱڻɱҶ˵Թ¸ռҡ
ˣҪԥˣҴһ𣬶ҵӰֻ뿪ˣǲйصĻᣡųĬƵҶߴٵ
ðɣСģ
뵽ԼʵƵ֪ԼֻϺȣҧһ촽
İɣ绹ûʲôɱңҶŵ˵
˵꣬ͻȻӿٶȣһ߲ɱµʥޣһֻʥ֮켶ʥ޵ȼĺȥ

ҶϮѿѪڣһµХзҶ硣
ӡƣ
Ҷ罫ͼݵ£Ľɫںһ𣬻̺ǳĴӡɽײȥ
䣡
ӡ飬µӡ˺Ӵϣ
ڣߣ
ҶʩչӡʱþƵϿȾͷȥ
໣
ĥ̴С۾ƵſѪҧȥ
ٶ֮죬Ҷ޷Ԯ
ǧһ֮ʣϣ˫ۣӲץס˺ѪڣƵʱ䡣
ƵҲû˷ᣬٶޣٵؽӽϿȳڡ
ã߽
ںӲҧ龵ʱҶ߸ߵԾ𣬿鼶ͼһ񽣣ݻŲãһ˺Ӵ˺ۣˡ
໣
ˣȫŭ˺׷ɱƵŤǧ׳Ҷ硣
ƵɹϿڣҶû˺֮ǣ£ʮڽҵɱ
ȻҶսˣʵӵĿ£һһս˶ʮϢʱ䣬ҶĹƱѹơ
ʥر䣡
ʱҶ綯ֶΣȼʥ𣬽ʵޣһȭ˺ײľ޴ͷ
һ̣ɫ£ϵعϾ޴˿ڣҪ޴Դն
ʱһʱʣ޼Ҷʱ䲻ˡ


1546 
Ͼһˣô
ƵļٵصȴţʮֺҶ޷ڹ涨ʱ
ҶУԼô죬ûս
Ƶں˼м尾һһ룬һ㻹вʮϢʱʱһѪӰײϿȳڣ䵽ߡ
ʱ̣Ҷ缤Ǳϣһն˺ĲӣϿȣͨ顣
ֻͨͨĲ飬ܵõյĽ
ʱٴҶ˶ϴ
ǰ֪Ľǿɷʹñ
ʶѶȣҶоѶȿ¸
ԣÿ˿Դһ˵
Ǿͺã
Ҷ˵ͷֻҪܶԼһͨĿ飬õ崫С
Լһʱ䣬Ҷ֮飬ȫָƣվ߰ɣȥܲ顣
Ҷ磬Ƿ崫սҲҪ㣡ƵĿ⸴ӵؿҶ
ûҶ磬Եʵ޷ͨ顣
ʱ˵Ҷ΢΢һЦ߰ɡ
˵꣬ҶƵĿռȥ
ܿ죬ǶһĻĽ£ҶһƷʥʴʥ˳ƵǺѽ
⣬ʲôȼ
ӹʴʥ˲䣬ƵоϵĲɴ۾Ҷ磬Ծʵ
ƷʥҶ绺˵
ʥ
ƵڹżпʥǳԽƷʥĴڣǺıһ˸޷ӵС
ԾʱĿⱻҶеʥˣҲβ
Ҷ磬ѹòҲƷʥɣƵһ£ɴ۾ʵ
ʥƷʥҶҡҡͷƷʥ
Ҷ磬㵽õʲôԵôô֮Ƶͣ񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬˵
õģҶûƵ̹ϵ˵
졭һյ죡Ƶһ㲻ңõеĴаɡ
ֻõ첿ִжѣҶҡҡͷˣˣͨ飬Ҳõµʥ
˵꣬ҶʥĻĽƣ뵽һĿռС
ȻҲ²һǽܣ
ŶռУһȫڣֳһɢǿɱ֮ӣҶ۾вɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ͨɢϢҶȷսԼﵽһǵ۾硣
ʵ͵ƣȻԻһǵۣоԼĹҪ⽣ܵ壬Ѻѡ
Լֻнһϣʥϣʥܺ䱬ܵԼʼʩɻԶпƣߺľе
ɻԶҶ̫ҪĽܿǽܣԸ˷һɻԡ
ҹأʧܣ
ܻ˫ԣ˵
Ƶǽܽң㾡ҪңҶĴסҪģǱԼʣµĽҡ
Ҷ磬Сģ
崫еأƵεط֣Լ˵ãıܴ
Ǿ仰ûɱң
Ҷ΢΢̣ŵЦݣԵƥ˵Ƶнӹʴʥ
ԶԶ˵һߣƵ۾ȴضҶϡ
Ҷո¶İҩһʴģĲ
뵽ԼڻþռеľƵͻȻоԼշ̣ԺиֳһͷңҸòϲ˰ɡ
࣬Ҽʶʵɣ
̤ǰһȫ籼ڵĳˮӿ壬ƶʵڽ
ʥر䣡
ܼʵʱҶȼʥȼ˺֮ѪӲʵǵ۷壬뽣ȣвСʵࡣ
ݣ
Ҷʵʱһ̶ƿ
ܿٵһһƲ磬Ҷ硣
Ҷ̽ܵĹû㣬ֳʴʥӭȥһĽâϡ
ˣ
Ҷȫˣʮڽӿ뵽ʴʥУһ罣âĹ
ã⽣ܵսڿɿطΧڣ
ʶܵĹҶһֻҪܿƽܵĹвͣԼȫ԰ջܽܣͨ顣


1547 ѪȾ
ݣ
һ֮󣬽ͻȻģֳַޱȣԽƷʥĳҶ緢͵Ĺ
ʥ
ܾϮԲ׽켣Ҷʩչ˫ʱ٣ʮڽʥ˽ܡ
ǣ
ʥ£һĽâ鲣ˣµʥݿ˽ϣ˳ȥ˽ס
ǿ
ĿʥƵ¶˼֮ɫȻܵʵ£һָоʥҲҶܽܡ
Ʒʥ
ӵмߵǣҶеʥڱʯ۾͸˴ĿĹâ
ҵҪֵܵҼ
Ҷһʮڽٴʥڽɫӿ뵽ʥУռ˽ܡ
ȻƷʥĺܴ𼶸ָ޷Ҷȼպ֮Ѫӵ޽ߵĵϵرԽ켶ʥ޵ʥܵļ᲻ɴݵ塣
Ҷֳʥ£ܵĹ˲䱻ѹƣһʥٵڵŭѡ
̫̣ܵ⵽ʥȻûгѵļ
ɫ꣬ڣ
ҶһĶãƽɫڽʴʥУգ֯һصĽӰˮкһն˽ܣڵ
Ӯ磬һҪӮ
Ƶҧ촽ĬĬš
ڽʥʴʥʱһɿµб緢Ļɽֱ̲񷡣
һ̣ܳʴʥĹ߸ߵԾ𣬽˷µĽâһ㻷ΧסʥĹ
ۣ
һھѪ緢ҶͣڽʥС
ںҶľѪʥֵֻ˷˫ۣҶ罫ĵݵ£ڽʥУ˼ٱƽĽܡ
أ
һ⵽ҷųѪβʥбʥݺݵϣ˳ȥصײĿռϡ
ۣ
ʥںԼѪĿ£Ҷ粻ϧ۵ļһڿھѪڽʥУʥܡ
һҷѪβƾ˵ʥ£ӱӲ˿ռϣһϸСѺؿڴһѡ
ˣܱˣ
һҶĴϲģ޽ߵĵע뵽ʥУŽؿѺۣҪ䴩ľȫ
ѣȫŭ˽ܣ˫ֽеĳȫĹҪرľ档
ں֮Ѫ̫죬Ҷ޽ߣֹʥѹסĹƣһδηķ
أڵľ˴룬ĹҲʼ½
ʥ䴩
о֮ѪˣҶʥ뾫Ѫһ˽ؿѺ۴û뵽Уٵ
ɫ꣬ˣ
ʥӿʱɫƳʴʥ͸ؿѺۣû뵽С
ţɫڽڷƻڵýϾҶ磬ȫɫꡣ
Ȼ껹δȫɻƽ𽣻꣬Ȼֲǽƻġ
ҶץסܹɫʱʥܵԴ
Ҷͽɫ˫ع£ڵٵĺľؼɺԡ
ɹˣҪɹˣ
ܴͷβδвҶ磬Ƶ֮࣬Ҷʵ
оҶʵ͵̣ҲԱ
࣬һ
ɺԵ˲䣬ܽ뵽кɫУ˳ȥҶ硣
ͣ
ɫƵĿռ䣬һؽۣµĽ¶ҶᵽŨŨΣϢ
оһȫԼҶ֪Ѿãֻȫӭ
ʮڽֳʥȫĳʥߵ˷Ϯĺɫ
أ
һʥˡ
ڶʥһҲ֮ˡ
Ҷɫ͸Ҷķؿڡ
̼䣬ѪҶؿڴ罦ѪȾա


1548 崫
硭
Ҷ类ɫ˲䣬Ƶ类УһƬհף᲻ܿʳȾʪףһڰУסʧأѪ罦Ҷ硣
磬㲻ҪңǧҪ£
Ƶ§ҶԴҶˣԼ᲻
Ƶ㣬ҪҰ
ҶֻݺݵؼѹԼһ˵
㣬û£
оҶڵȻʢƵ˲ϣæɴ۾˵
ոһɱңҪǲǾ˵ˣƵҶذγ˲Լؿڵĺɫʵ˵㵽׳ʲôˣΪͻȻˡ
㣬ȥ
ȷҶû£Ƶµϸֳ˵ĺΣ˵
ڣӦͨ˰ɣҶ绺վ˵
ովһģǼеĻľ
Ҷĥĥ£ı֮ľҲ˴ɱ䣬Խ˼Ʒʥﵽʥĵȼ׵ֵס˺ɫһ
ͨΪ⽣ܾ͸ˣ
ϵռ֮飬ҶƵ͵˴֮صľͷͷʯ
ǱĻҪɫ󴫳УѲǣͷʯԵ
Ҹûаʲôæߵ󣬶ǳĹͣ
ȻƵ崫еصĽ󣬵ûҶûԼʵпɥڴˣṵ̂ͼ崫֮
ͨ飬һὫȫǣη䣬Լ
˵ţռŤһʮɸߣſµʯ׶೤ĹľһӡǿƵľᣬһõڼףһĥ̴С鸡ǰ
ˣǽǵĽͨ崫еѶȵĽԵõʯʱľ֦ռľ֦Ʒʥ£ƷƷʥ鲫ȭԼһ֮Դ
ٻսͷʯϸĽ
֮Դ
Ȼʱľ֦ռľ֦鲫ȭļֵɹҶ֪ЩҪ֮Դ
֮Դ嵱صıԴ֮֮һ̺ǵʵɴʵͷʯ˵
ǰͨ崫п飬ǲǿͨ򣡡ҲҶĿ֮һ
ԣԸҿԽ֮صλøǣͨĿ飬ǽõıʹУͷʯ
Ը⣡Ҷն˵
СҪеȻκΪ֮ۺ죬õձ帴˵ϣҲϣĳ˺ǿҪΪ帴ؽ崫Уһ֮·ͷʯ˵
ףԸ縺ΣҶ˵ͷĵ˵
ãİɣ֮Ҿͽմ֮ظ㣡ͷʯ
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷָԡ
ãϣĳ֣˳һ˿
˵꣬ͷʯӿһ겨ӿҶ꺣С
ߣ
ȻҶ粻֪кΣգ֣оطܲ򵥣һ˵ĵط
Сɣʲôʱȥ򣬸˵ҿ洫ȥ
˵꣬ͷʯ·뵽޾ĳ˯С
磬崫һҲҪ㣡
Ȼ󴫳нĶƵǾȫøҶ硣
ֻҪĴ󴫳нҶҡҡͷ֮Դٻ˹֮Դ¸㣬ҵġ
֮Դ̫ˣҲҪ
Ƶ󴫳֮Ҫ֮Դˣж֮ȴû¡
Ƶ벻ȥ򣿡Ҷ֣صʵ
룬Ȼ룬ҪԸ򣡡Ƶ˵ͷ
Ҫ֪ʵȻڶ½ǿֻڻң粽СҪʶ̨ҪʵҲϣƿߣ
Ҫİң;ʵֻңҶ˵
֪ˣ
ƵĬĬעҶ۾ص˵ͷ֮Դ¡
Ȼֻ˵˶̶̵ĸ֣ȴˣҲһ̷˱仯
ˣǾһʱɣյɱ䣬ͷ򣬼ʶ̨Ҷ¶Цݣ׳־˵


1549 
ʱľ֦ռľ֦û뵽崫ноľ֦
֮ԴȻ󣬵ȴԶľ֦ܽһʱͿռ򣬽ĵ̡
ҶҵһԣĵطʱͿռڲ͸ѧϰƷʥ鲫ȭ

Ҷһ򵥵Ϣһᣬ֮ľٻ˳ƻľͷųǿͬʱʱľ֦Ϳռľ֦ˡ
һ̣ƻľٵľ֦͸ľ֦ʱͿռ
Ҷȫ͸ʱƵѪ£󣬿ʼ֮Դǵʥ֮
ȻƵ츳ʵޱȣ֮ԴǼ⣬ֶᣬ쾳ʵպѶȼ
Ƶӵ׷ϴ֮ģѪǿޱȣټ壬˵ҧأĬĬس֮Դʹһɱž硣
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
УҶΧʱԽԽ죬Χصռ䲻ϱϣηĿռ֮
ıʱ٣͸˿ռؾϿռ䣡
Ҷ糤һ¾¶˿˿ϲá
ıʱ٣ٶȣٶȽ죬֮սУıʱ٣ҶڹؼʱŤתǬ
ϿռȻûжĹȴǼǿķֶΣڹؼʱĹ
ʱ͸ˣϣиջ񣡡
Ҷ򵥵Ϣһ£ʮɸߵĵ֮£Լٵݣͷǿ͸˵У͸̺ĵ⡣
ţ⣬ص⣬е⣬֮⣬
Ҷ͸ʱ֣̺ⷢĵԼĵ⾹һ£ͣͲǰ⾳У¶֮ɫ
û뵽һ鱾Դ
ҶסĵļԲ͸
ˡ
Ҷ羲Ĳ͸ԴʱƵͻȻӳ޾Ĺâ
ڷʹ֮һ֮ԴڴļͻƵǵʥ硣
ͻƣҲ֮Դɱ£˲Сı仯˳ë˳øӾ⡣
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
Ƶͻƾ磬ɱ壬ʹǿ֮Դٶȸ졣
Уľ緢ʵķԾԽǵʥǵʥͻƵǵʥ
ʱŽ˰ٷ֮һ֮ԴָоԼȫ֮ԴһͻƵԭĵ֮
ƵһǱҶ͸±Դ˸ε򣬸֮鼶ͼ
嵽״ıԴʵ̫ǿˣܽȫ͸ӦлὫͼͼ
оԼŲ͸ԴƤëȵͷʵı仯ҶԽڴ
Եһ¥սԱ
ʱܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ͼͼͼͼ֮ͼ
͸˽ʱ䱾ԴҶⷢʵı仯ȫͼ磬ʵ
Ƶ˽֮һ֮Դɹ˺˾ƿͻƵһǵ𾳽硣
һǵ𡭡֮ԴȻǿ󣡡
оƵʵҶ¶˵Цݣ͸ⱾԴŵ⡣
ҶƵ崫еʱ緢췭ظı仯
Կ粻֪µ崫ȫ¹Ƕ½Ψһף糹׻ָƽ
굯ָһӼ䡣
УҶȫ͸˱ԴԵȻûٽһսȴԭʮʵҲˮɰԽǵ𣬴ﵽǵ֮ɹƷʥ鲫ȭ
ƵУҲȫ֮Դǵ𾳽磬ȫ壬͸˱Դɹ⣬֮ͼ磬͸鲫ȭ
ˣʱˣ
ԼƵʵ췭ظı仯ҶоԼȫԷˣҵͷʯ
ǰѾ׼ˣԷˣҶһ
ãھͿ洫ȥ򣬲洫ڵʱ̫Զ洫ʱҲΣգ׼ͷʯѵ
Ŀ˷Σգ򣡡Ҷŵ˵
ãǾףǺˣ
˵꣬ͷʯ˹ϵĽ洫󣬽ҶƵ׳


1550 
ĺģҲϣĴ½λ룬ռĵλá
񣬵̫̫壬ͨ죬޵صĴܡ
Щֿһµ磬ģǾ硣
һ಻֪ĹɽͻȻ˴ŵɽвϢ޲ֻʶӡ
һ̣ģӰɽУһء
ˣͨ洫󣬷סռҶƵ
ţʲô
˸ոշоһɹ˷ӿû뵽Уڵĵ塣
֮壡
Ҷ֪½߳ʱôһ̣вʵãǿзߣ֮
ҶƵȫ½𾳽磬ҶǵҲǲСĴڡ
֮˵ûκεá
𣿡
Χһʮ׸ߣʮ˺ϱܱĹľƵƯĴ۾вɵ¶֮ɫ
߰ɣ˴£ȥƮڣ
˵ţҶƵƬϵɽȥ
ÿµĿռѹǵ𾳽ʵȻ޷ʱУ
ҶƵƬɽзʱռѹǵʵʱоȻеƣУòɽ֮Уͽɽⱼȥ
໣
ҶƵٱʱһ춯ص޺ͻȻڹɽ͸յڷ϶Ҷ𾪵ؿһֻ峤ǧףһīĳȫ쵵ĴڹɽɳڰУ˲ѪڣС
磬⣬ʲôȼޣ
ȻƵﵽǵ𾳽磬ֻ쵴ߣǸоϵĲ·ֻ߿׵ɱץҶĴ֣ʵ
ߵĵȼ³ԽʥޣҶɫ΢˵û뵽򣬾һԽǵ۴ܴڵߡ
ߣȥǱߣǧҪǣ
ҶƵ˫˫ϢСߵķƶ±߷ֲⲻ
ণ
ڰУ˻ʱһʯһֻȫɫʹ⣬չףͷڵĴȶž޴ĳ򣬾쫷˹ڰдս
ʱշ˴ңҰվҵĲ
Ŀռ̫̣Խʥ޵ɱ޷գֻһơ
Ҫ޹ټ٣
оɽвܵűϮҶƵỬС֣Լɽȥ
ʱɽֱԽԽңµ޴ӸϮֻµ޷ҶƵǶ˷Ҫʳǡ
ƵǲҪ֣κϮǵޣȫɱ
Σʱ̣Ҷû飬׷ٻǿıϮɱǵޡ
ڼƷʥ£һֻֻޱػɱˣǶǿʵҲסǼߵޣǲ׿Ƕˡ
ণ
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ʰ쵵Ĵһצ˺Ӵʤߵĳ
ҶƵҲʱӵ˹ɽֵ棬ҵһƫƧɽ˽ȥ뵽ǬС
뵽ոյһĻƵȻ£û뵽ɽоȻϢôʥޣÿһֻʥ޵ʵ޴½շĺϡ
ƵƷʥ鵶͸
ƵȻʵǿ̫ϸû̫ǿıҶ罫Ʒʥȼ˫ħԼɱХ۵õƷʥ鵶͸Ƶ
лл
ʶΣգƵûҶѪս
ϴ𣿡
ʱ޴˹һ˷ܵʵ
ţѾ˳򣡡Ҷ˵ͷ
̫ˣһҪָ䣬Ҫ𣡡۾б֮ɫݺݵ˵
֪ʲôˣѹ£ɥڶ½
˻磬ѪʨȥƮڣǿ֪ٶȥ𣿡Ҷʵ
֮ҪȥƮڣΪҶ޼Ʈйؽܸ֮٣ãƮлѩƮ졣
ˣ̫ˣ󵽲źܶܶĿռ䣬ռ;ǴԽռ涴Խռ涴۸䰺󣬾ԽԶĴ۾Խһ˳ܲ𣡡Ѫʨ
ã֪ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷǬеȵȹɽлָƽƵ˳뿪ɽ֣ɽӵпռ涴ĳ׳Ƿȥ


1551 챦¥
׳ǣ칬ƿصǳأռ֮Դǿߣĳǳ֮һ
¡¡
ҶƵһ··׳ʱԶԶؿǰһɸߣͨɫĳǽͬһΡɽһϵĳǳΧ
ǳصϷһ󵽲ĳɫһʧڴġ
ÿµĴ󣡡
Ҷڶ½ܶĴ󣬵ų׳ϿյĳɫʱǱס
ǳ𣿵֧ôһתĵ쾧޷󣬶¿Ĩɱۼ֣
׳ǣݵԸоɫĿֲҶҲʵǳʶ
Ʒ쾧ҶƵ׳͸ŹϢĳ׳С
ö֣
߽׳ǣҶ緢ֹϵĽֵϴܱأȻҲкܶʵ͵ʿ󲿷˵ʵһǵʥлܼ壬ħ壬ܳ׳ǡ
濴гҶ
λǵĿռ涴׼ֱͨռ涴ǰƮڵ
ͨռ涴ǰƮǣÿҪʮƷ쾧
һɫۣϥڿռ涴⣬ϢռΪһߣɨһʵʵѹƵǵʥҶƵһ˿˵
ʮƷ쾧
Ҷ粻ɵõһ
Ȼڶ½õ򴫳УЩжû쾧ֻǬڶеõһЩƷ쾧ҲֻţԶԶ֧ռ涴ķá
磬취ɣ
üͷҶ磬Ƶ˵
ţߣ
Ҷ˵ͷ׼һЩõʥʥʮƷ쾧
챦¥󣡡
뿪ռ涴Ҷ˺ܿ췢һһ㣬ߣǶһĥ̴С飬ŵ֮ʮֵı󣬻˹ȥ
λ֪ҪЩʲô
Ҷ˸ո߽챦¥һѩɫȹʸţµͿŵױü͸һ˿Ůӻ˹öʵ
ҪЩЩ
Ҷ΢΢һЦŶǵʥ磬ڶ½ԳΪʥŮһڵİȹŮӣ˵
֪ҪȹŮӼʵ
ƷʥҶ˵
ƷʥȹŮ۾һ´Ҷ缸۵λȥ˵
ȻƷʥ򣬲ıֵͬƣȹŮʮĽ˺ãΪǵƮɢŨŨλ֪ǿҿҪ۵ļƷʥ
ԣ
Ҷ˵ͷó˶õѪħɽԼɱХۣ۵õƷʥݸ˰ȹŮӡ
ûϴĴƷʥһħ壬ɣȹŮϸϸһѪħɽĴƷʥµ¶Цݵ
֪𣿡Ҷһ裬ʱоһŨ˳ĺĶУΪ֮һ
챦¥ȻգȹŮӵ˵ͷĴƷʥƷϳˣ챦¥ÿʮƷ쾧չɡ
ʮ򣡡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ۸ٸһЩ𣿡
Ѿ߼ˣҪ֪챦¥ּƷʥļ۸ټһƷ쾧ܲǮɣŮЦ˵
ðɣˣ
Ҷ˼һ£ǽѪħɽĴƷʥ챦¥
˹һЩ֪ɷȥ
ĴƷʥҶ约ó̫ļƷʥ˵ǣûм֣ʵ
֮ҪΪԴм䣬еĹ󲿷ֶһЩʱԶֵߵ
Ȼﾭµĳ˼ڴԳ֮˴ӹԵر
ҶӵԣҪ
ôҪԱ
ȹŮĴƷʥ΢΢һЦ
ȷʵ뷨Ҷ˵ͷ̹ϵ˵
ǾףӣСˣ
ȹŮ΢΢һЦҶ뿪˺ãһǿµĴС
һ߽ҶоһɹϵϢڴУڷһʮɸߵĹżܣܲذڷŴݾԶĹ
вٹΪŵʱ̫ԶѾһĳ
λ챦¥ŹĵطλѡѡʵĹ˵ҸλۣŮȹʮ־˵
л
Ҷ˵ͷƵ߽˹ŵУһиߴĹż߶ѡŹ


1552 ޣŲ
㿴ǱһŮ
ҶƵһйżѡʱһɫۣżϸӷǣɷƵ۾һߣһֳֹ̳ϸϸоӵ
ţȻ˼ɫҵθڣӷеĹ̳ԶԶؿһƵƽ۾͸֮ɫߣǹȥк
ºͼǺҴӣ֪ܺ͹ʶһ𣿡ͼҡһŮͼȣ΢Ц˵
ܣ
Ƶẫͼȵ§Ҷĸ첲ԥľܾ
ûж⣬ֻҪʶһ¹ͼȻЦݣĵ˵ܾǲ̫ʧˡ
ù·ÿ
Ҷոշ򣬲¶ˣ²£ŲĺͼҶ˵
ţ˵𣿡
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ºõͼɫתϣ뿪챦¥ǻӲҿϵˣûӳҵġ
˵ţͼһҶˣ뿪ˡ
ʲôˣ
ĿźͼȥıӰҶ˰ȹŮߣʵ
ǳ׳ǺҵˣǺͺͼǺҴӣ̺ڳ˲ٹȹŮӻ˵ҶǺͼ˽⣬ưոݣλ뿪ɡ
л⣡Ҷ΢΢һЦ»һ⣬֪⺫ʵΡ
ڳ׳ƿһɲСͼĸףҼһһǵ۸֣ȹŮʵ˵
һǵۣ
֪ʵҶǰʵ͵̣Իɱһǵ۸֡
λĲ׼뿪
ҶȤѡȹŮʵ

˵꣬Ҷ۾ԼٵݣӦϳеĹ
ԼٸӦһᣬҶͻȻ۾΢΢һԾأڱϵɾĳϸϸһ佻Ƶ
磬㿴죿
ƵҶ̫أûκεļֵʵ
ţҸо컹еãȥо£Ҷ˵ͷ
ѡ죬ҶһйżϷһޣȻʮ־Զȴûһ˿ȥ޼ֵԡ
ѡҶûзԼĹ˵ڣʵ֪죬Լ޼ֵΣ
Ҫ͸Ʒ쾧ɣ
ļֵޣȹŮϸһҶѡ
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Ҷ˵ͷʮʹ֧Ʒ쾧Ĵ
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УҪʯ۸񲻷ƣȫˣҪʮƷ쾧ȹŮӵ˵ͷ
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Ȼû챦¥ʮƷ쾧Ҷȴ֮ĴЩϲ׼úоһ¡
߰ɣҸطϢ
߳챦¥Ҷ緢ֺҵûأ֪ҵ˾ưոݣη壬һɫ˵Ŀջסһµ᷿Ϣ
磬µĴкʵ
Ƶʵڿ͸ҶµĴкμֵʵ
ûжټֵʮϾͲͬˣ
Ҷ֮죬ΪԽ󣬷ܳƬһƬ޸죬죬ִ޸ʮֲϣ޸
أƵʵ
޾ļֵҲǺܣ
ԸӦŵʱֻԵĹҶܿ϶޾򵥡
СӣúϢɣ̫ƽ㻹񣬵źҴɱһҶ¶ŵЦݵ
磬ҪԺҶ֣ƵЩԾ˵ԾҶĵ
ǺһǶ֣Ҷҡҡͷ˴֮ˣȥһ˺ңǸۡ
˵꣬Ʒʥ¯ٻ˳Ϭ꣬ԼʮȫͶ뵽¯Уȼ˷ʥ޸졣
ľ
Ҷ޸ʱ֮ľٻ˳ƻľĸ룬УҪͨľصܡ


1553 ɱ¾
ţʲô
ľޣĭɵ֮ʱҶȻڻľиоһɼǿ
ʥʥ
ԷӦ£Ҷķ֣صܣȻһִ˵еʥ
ʥãԻľ˵ѵ̲֮
ܲ޸ϹŲ죬Ʒ쾧ֵˣ
Ҷоľʥٴɱ䣬ʱľ»ᳬԽƷʥʥˡ
ʱһһܿˡ
ڻľʥɱ䣬¯ڻʮϣ޸ϹŲʱҶǿоʮǿϢĿ˽յ˫ۡ
ˣҵǺܾˣ
ҶٻϹͼ᷿УȴͼǴ
أ
᷿ĽƱӲˣͼʮҸִ
Ϊ˱ⷢ⣬ͼʮУ˵ʵﵽǵȫɿһǵۡ
С˵ˣҿϵŮˣӲҵģ
ͼ¶һ˿֮ɫҶɱ⡣
ο²Ըˡ
˵ţҶ翪Ϲͼռ䣬ͼ˷᷿С
ôǵʥʵвٲɣ
ǵͼûнҶЦһ
ǵʥҶϵЦݸŨˣɴĹۿڵľ硣
˵ţҶ粻ٽѪϢںͼǰչ¶ʵʵ
ǵ㵽ʲôˣΪʵ׳ǵͼıʲô
оҶнڽʵͼϵЦˣɴ˫ۿҶ磬вŨŨĲ
ڲҵݣǲ̫ˣ
˵ţҶ̤һװĽӰͻȻ˺ͼ
٣
ǵɫ΢䣬ܵҪںͼǰҶ硣
ıʱ٣
ٷɳ۵ҶͻȻӿıʱ٣ǵԮǰڴʧɫĺͼǰ㿨סĲӣ˻
㣬㲻Ҫ˺ңұ֤޷뿪׳ǣ
Ҷ翨סӣͼҶʵǿ̫̫࣬һ˿òҸҶʩѹ
ǺңͲǶˣҶҡҡͷĮ˵Ե͸˺ͼ꺣֮Уٵضѻꡣ
Ȼֻһһǵۣ
֪ҵʵҶ糹׷Ȼոշ򣬵ƿصԺɨҡ
춼ǵĴֻҪ·Ź٣һӦĲǵ
ģɱǣһȥòģ
˵ţҶ΢΢ڽֱ˺ͼĲӣ꣬ɱ
٣
źͼѪʮҸȫɵۣû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬾Ȼڻɱ˺ͼ
ʲô£ã
߸о̬ԣһʮҸΧɱҶ硣
ħɣ
ΪսپҶ罫ħ𾳽ħٻ˳ӭʮҸ֡
ʥر䣬֮Ѫȼգ
ͻƵǵ𾳽磬ҶʵǿõʵʱֱӿԽǵޣʱӵһǵ۵ʵ
ǳʮڣݿźҸֵĹ

һĲҽ
һҸֱҶħնɱˣѪ罦һأ
ץסŮģ
ʶҶħɿµսҸĲˣĿͶƵҪвҶ硣

ƵҸֻ֣ǵ𾳽ʵҶҡҡͷ
ƵʵҪ˵ǵ𣬾ев
ʲôͼ
ǵδͱ籡ƵͼסӦһ˿ٻ
һ̣ƵǶ˷͵Ĺͼˮӿ뵽˫ħУֱնǵ𣬽룬
ߣ
ʣǵ𣬿Ƶʵͬ£⣬ҪѸ뿪
ʥұ
Ҷٻʮڽһ˲ʥǵ
ʵȻǿ󣬵ȴֵסʥĹ
˻δüҽУͱʥµĹ䱬
ʥڻ
Ѹײڶ֮ƻɱ˺ͼˣҶ˷ʥڻǵʬʬ𼣡
뷨ϹͼƣҶɱͼʱûоκˡ
߰ɣȥֹ
Ҷһͼ˵սǬУƵ̤źҹ뿪ƮŨŨѪζĿջݺͼԺе䣬˱ҹֵĺҸ⡣


1554 թ
磬ɱȥʲôɣ
ȻҲΪ壬ڳֻ壬ϴٺʱ⣬ǵĴΣա
İɣа취
Ҷ΢΢̣ƵСֵȥ֮Ҫ˵һнҡ
˵꣬Ҷ䱸ɭϵĺҸȥ
վסǺˣҹҺν£
ػڸĺҶƵ̤źҹɫһǳ
Ҫͼ͹ԹԸ򺫼ٵȥ˶Ȳ˺ͼҶĮ˵
㣬㵽Ǻˣ
֪ͼҹֳȥϢɫ΢䣬ʵ
ôǻҪЩûõķϻҶ˵ҵе㣬ڲͨ뿪µĺе
ãţȥ֪ͨ
о̬ԣԹԵܽҸͨȥˡ
ܿ죬žĺҸƻͨһɹǿϢڴС
λڴõǣ
˸ţԴҶ򺫼Ҵȥ
߽ҸƵɫ΢΢һȻЩķ⡣
Ҫ£һңʲôģ
Ҷݵ˵߬ƵỬС֣ࡣ
ǰŵ˴ˣվĴУ˵
ǽɣ
һڴҶ˶ϻص
ȻҼҪҶһ
ǵǺˣͼôˣ
ڳ׳ǣҼºͼ⣬ҶƵϵʵ
Ƶʱ˫͸һ֮ɫɵñƵ޾׵ò˹ȥ
ͼѾˣɱˣ
ҶƵſе̫ʦϣԹԵĵһ裬һڵ
ʲô
ҶĻںҴȻ󲨡
ȻͼвϣܺҳϲҲΪκҴΪͷƽϢ鷳ԭ񣬵֪Ϣڳ˶ŭˡ
ôĵӣɱҶҺҫ
Ҽˣеɱй壬Ҷˣջ
ѵ֪Ϊɱ𣿡ҶһɹѹȶϢһߺ裬һ˵УȰòҪôҼȻȻġ
㵽ʲôˣ
Ŵͷβû¶һ˿ţ۾л͸һ˿ӵҶ磬ҼŬԼ侲ͳʵ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣļŭңвƽ㺫ҵĳ嶯ҶеĲ豭ɫˮĺҼ
ôĿΪҺӣ󣡡
ҶԽԽúҼ˹˼ɣǲдҶݡ
ôӲģҶͻȻ˱豭ðɣȻǱپͳȫǡ
˵꣬һɿµϢҶ˳˲á
Ϣڳȫסѣͷð亹һèĸо
Ȼ޷ȷǺεȸɢϢǿԿ϶ǣϢʵԳ˵ۣпǵɢġ
뵽Ҷ米еֱҼһ׹ѵĸоͷűһƬҲ֪ҶΪ˿ɱ˺ͼֹˡ
еֱ˺ң׳ҲһվΪǳ
ɳڵһƶĹ
뵽Ҽ¶˿ɬЦݣ֪ѾΪͼˣӦ˼ƽϢҶ磬ԼĻƵֵŭ
ϢŭǰϢŭҺòԣ빫ӣǰҪ֣Ҽһ¶ͷðĺˮֵ̿˵
ôںˣǲ̫ˣҶת䣬ɱȻ
ǸոûṫӵĺģͼϵҪӡǰϷǣҺԸԱǵǸ⡣
ôթģҶЦһƾССĺңҷ۵Ķ
ǲ˼
ȻǵĿֲϢʧҼȻֲ̿ѣҶ粻ˣĻĸ˺ҡ
ˣγģɱ䣡Ҷ̾ϢһǲĶӣʵڿɶ񣬱ٲ㺫ҳͽһ£㺫Ҳǲסѵ
ɣһǧƷ쾧¾ˣҶ̾ϢһȻζ˵
Ÿʲôٸ쾧ȥ
ȻûһǧƷ쾧úҴԪıոǹɿֲϢˣֻҪܴҶ磬˺鷳ٴĴҲԸ⡣
ܿ죬һҸ֣һöǬָʮֹ˫ֵݸҶ硣
Ǽסνѵɣܶ㺫ǲ𣡡ҶöǬָ˵壬µΪֹɣߡ
˵꣬Ҷ类Ƶں˹£뿪˺Ҹʧҹɫ¡


1555 ռ涴
磬ոǹɿֲϢͷųģ
ֱ뿪ңƵȻһξвʵĸоû뵽Ҷֻ;ͶթһǧƷ쾧ԾոǹƵ
ܡ
ҶƵ΢΢һЦص˵ûнħĴڸֱš
뿪ңûסջǹյһƫƧĵطǬϢ
͵ڳ׳ǣӵƾʷĳǳء
ʱ֣ҶƵ뿪Ǭӭźռ涴ȥ֧ʮƷ쾧뵽صĿռ涴С
ռ涴еĿռ֮ô˵ȶ
߽ռ涴Ҷ˫͸˵֮ɫǵ㣬ǿһĿռ涴УǿĿռ֮ռ֮ʮֵȶûһ˿ռ䲨
ҶƵȺеȴһᣬһ߰㣬ɸߵĳֳˣ˳Ⱥ߽˳С
Ƶ̫߽ʱ޵òȵ˶ʱһ˫˫Եŭѡ
߰ɣȥϢ
ҶƵỬС֣ǵĴϢ
磬㣬ϢɣҲ̫ۣ
ŴֻһŴҿռ䲻ƵƵͻȻֳΣ˵
СӣҲкߵʱ򣿡űЩȻƵҶϸֳЦݣ٩
㡭
Ƶ۾һɣĥݺݵؿ
ˣҪȥǬм޸죬ȥϢɣģҲ͵㣡
Ҷָһ۵ıӣ뵽ǬУ¯޸ƵĹ졣
Ҷȫ޸ʱľʥʼµɱ䣬̺ϵǿľҲԽƷʥ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ڷʥ¯£ʮȫڻ޳ʣ˾ҺڽƹУ޸صĹ졣
ƷʥȼĹ죡
űԼ޸죬Ҷ¶ЦݣĵȼԤϣΪϹͼΪо´۸֡
ľɱ䣬ȫﵽƷʥˮ׼Ϊһɱﵡ
޸죬Ҷ罫ɱХۣۣõսƷ˳ǵǬָвƷ쾧ٿƷ쾧
ǼͿˣȻǶ˵ǬָˣҲãԵĴթһǧƷ쾧ҶЦЦ˵תƵǬС
ţƷʥ
תսƷʱҶХǬָзһޱҪˣⷢһ򣬶崫ʥ
壬壬¶̲ĴУܲ͸ܴĵ̺ս
壬Ǹһ
תսƷҶ羲Լסھ
ƷʥƷʥֱΪ֮Ͳã
вãԽƷʥƷʥ
壬ݴҾЦˣ
Ҷԣ͸ʱƵĺڿռ涴зɳ˽ʱ䣬Ʈڵ
ƵĽٻ
Ҷ뿪ǬƵߣ˵
ٻܣҶóеƷ쾧Ʒ쾧ȫڽƵС
ÿں˶Ʒ쾧ʵڽֱӴﵽǵ£ټǼ᲻ɴݵķԳΪҶİ֡
磬ŪôƷ쾧Ƶɴ۾һԾʵ
ܣҶ΢΢һЦתƻһ͸㣡
˵ţҶ罫ޱĲ͸Ƶ
⣬Ʒʥ
Ƶ͸У¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ֪Ʒʥû뵽Ҷޱ͸г˸ж
ˣ˰ɣ˲ǵýңһҪǮҶ翴ڼƵЦ˵
ԣ
ƵĴƳҶһۣ˲§ĸ첲ܵ뿪˴գȳ֮ͣ˳֣С
š
³ֵ˲䣬Ҷüͷ΢΢һ£۾͸һ⡣
ûͣ½Ų뿪˿ռ涴ڳǳл˲ٵƷ쾧һͼƥʥ޵ȼƮǷɱȥ


1556 ΪΪʳ
СӣȥǰƬɽϢ£
Ҷ۾еĺ⣬ԦƵһƬдɽϢ
磬о𣬸ոһǿϢɨ
һ˵Ƶһ⻬ʯϵϢʱüͷ΢΢һ£Ҷ˵
оˣҶ˵ͷ׼սɡ
Щᣡ
Ƶϲɱ¾ԵҲ
иӣǿʳֵĸӳף͸¶ʵֳͣôƯȻһЩ֣֮ҶЦЦ˵
Ҷ佱ԼƵϲ̵ģصȴ鷳š
ܿ죬ǿϢˣҶˣţɫۣɫߣݵ˳ˡ
ô̲סҪˣ
Ҷϥʯϣؿӣ˵
ţͷˣ
Ŀ࣬㹻׸ߣȫűըԼ⣬ɢſѹӣ˻ɤӵ
ǵСҲ֪׷ˣδе̫ˣҶЦЦ˵
ҵСֶˣ˻˵Ȼı䲻ʲô
磬ҪϻˣɱСӣסŮģֺֺǣ
иСӣĿȵؿӰƵɫԵ˵
ңĹۣƵʮؾ
ϣû뵽ﻹͦ˼ˣ˵
ݣ
ӻ䣬Ƶˣڰлһ⣬ͻȻ򰫸ӷ
ţǵʵ
оƵ˲䱬ʵ¶֮ɫ
ʱҶ޸Ϲ측ֳ壬ڰҡҷγ˴ƣռ䣬˼˵·
鲫ȭ
ƵԼٶȳڰǰʱͼֳ壬ݵ£ʩչĿǰյǿһУ˰ӡ
һȭռ΢ĲԲɱȭâݺݵغ˰ӣݿĹϡ
꣡
һڰ
Ƶʵ൱ﵽǵ𾳽鲫ȭ˳ȥڰлһѪ
ƵһȭɱӵһĻӵĺɵùһ£֪Լߵˣæȵȣⶼᣬ¿ɷǣ
ǿҪеǿľ򣬼Ȼ·ǾӦһͷ·ҶĮ˵ڣҸǳֵĻᣬһϰɡ
Ըһܣȡǵ
ƵսѾ󣬿ŴݵҶ磬ǸоҶʵ±ƵҪ£ò׳һ޴ջ
ûȤ
˵ţҶ绯һٽӰڿǰǷ
£ҪǲݣƼǣǺͬھ
ӲҶȭͷ·ߵĿֻԼֱ۶ʧȥ֪µ㽫ֹӲ۶ϣֵĴ
ͬھƾǣ
Ҷ¶һ˿мûжõ֮ǵƾ幥ǣѹǵĹơ
Ѩʮڽ뵽ȭУһȭһӡ

һĲҽ
⵽ҶȭͷػӱҶһȭɣֱ۵壬ֱӷ鱬ˡ
ȥ
һץסҶͬĻᣬֳһƷʥҶ緢һ
ƷʥҶʱȴһִڼӲϵĸоĴ󾪣С
Ҷ繥ٶ̫죬µȭâױȵѹȸУݺݵغϣֱӽˡ
ģһѵˣΪ˿ֲ
ʶҶ羪˵Ӷ˱ɵˣ׷ٻһƷʥɱ
ƷʥϮҶѹ˴֣ͼĸ֣ݺݵӡƷʥϣµĵֱӽʥѹˡ
ţҶµشݺݵغǶ˻꺣УһԶʱ˿հס
ԣѻ꣡
ζˣҶԵǶ˽ѻ֪꣬ǵ䡣
ȻҲ²һǲ֪ʲôܣ
˵䣬Ҷ˵֪ЩɱԽĹûзκмֵϢֱǶ˵Դ˽ǵ
߰ɣǼ·ɣҶ˵ЩӬӦòʲô鷳ˡ
˵ţҶͷŷʥڻ˵ʬ壬ʬ𼣺Ϲ죬ƵƮڱȥ


1557 Ʈ
ƮڣƮɽĹϴ֮һ
ƮڣԵ伶֮ʷУ˲֮ļս
µıǨƮδһδδսлָԪûˡ
ˣƮˣ
Ҷ翴Զһ֪ƺ֮Уʱݷɽ¶˵ЦݣƵƮڱȥ
վסƮΧ˲ý룡
ҶƵ޽ĺΰ׳쾧ʯɵɽʱۣʵﵽǵʥ޵Ʈɽסǣǳ
λѩƮǰģҶԾ˵
ѩƮɽӴҶ˼ۣǿƵʱ۾ɵһǿѩ
зţλɷæתѩѩţȻǣҶӻóһŵ
ߣǴţǾ͸㴫ţΪ˭ƮɽЩ˵
λʦ֣ѩǾʶλʦһ£Ǵţ
ƵͻȻų˵ЦݣöǬָƮɽӣĵ̬ʱö˵۾ֱˡ
ðɣλʦõķϣ£Ǵţѩ᲻ǣҾͲˣ
˿͸ǬָУװһƷ쾧ټƵ̫ƯˣЩƮƮȻ
գһƮڵӣҶˣɽŽƣ߽ƮɽС
Ʈɽĺ
ƮɽҶƵоһŨŨ
ԶԶȥƮɽһСأз裬ҶЩУֻڶ½Ϊ𽣬𽣬һֻҷųβͣ˵ǰɹΪ𺳡
ƮɽɽɽٲǴдԣٲµ̶һ
ƮɽָԶһǶڼз֮䣬ǧɣƺµٲЩ԰Ľܵ
еľȻ½Աģʵ̫ˣ
ҶҲƮɽеסɵип
Ҷ˸Ʈɽӣѵɽ·ʵǧݣһ㱡ĽƣǰȻʣֳһƬµľ
ƮڵڳǣǲƮڵӣֻѩǣ뿪ƮɽĿȵؿƵ˵
һаʦˣֻҪѩǵţһǵģʱҲѩΪʦֶټûƵ¶˵Цݣ˵
˵̬ĵƮɽЩƮƮȻ
еʱ˼ƹȻЩô
űƵԵߵƮɽӣҶҡҡͷЦ˵
ȻأƵ΢΢̣һ˵
߰ɣҸŵĵطѩǰ
˵ţҶƵ޽ɽ֮Уۼڳȥ
ȻƮɽŮƵĳ֣Ǽ˲СĲòڳԴĵע⵽
ջˮ仰Ȼһû
оΧһ˫˫ʣͶԼҶҡҡͷЩ˵
ţҶ翴ǰһߣ޽Ĺɫı¥ʱ¶һ˿ȤƵ˹ȥҪƮɽеı¥ʲôһĵط
λǲƮڵӰɣ
ҶƵ߽¥ʱһ˹Ƕ˵װʵ
ѩѣʱ䡣Ҷ絭˵
ԭѩѣϵĲһɨգ¶˵Цݵλ֪ҪЩʲô
䣡
˵ţҶƵ˱й
ţϬ
ҶͻȻڱзһϬһ˿Ȥ
ϬûκεĹͷȴñ˴˶˲ϬУֻҪϬһΧڣܸӦԷλá
֪Ϭô
뵽ΣأϬƵ˵ȽʵãҶϬԱʱ֮衣
ϬʮƷ쾧һ׷ԲԵ߿һҶƵ˵
ãˣ
ӺҶթһǧƷ쾧ټɱ¾õ쾧ҶƷ쾧һǧţϬ
ϬҲϲˣ
Ҷ׼֧ʮƷ쾧ϬʱһԵͻȻ
һ̣һۣͷϴڣȲʵﵽһǵӻ˹ƵŭĿע£ϬץС


1558 ѩ
ιϬǿеģƾʲô
ƵŭϬĻӣü͸ŨŨŭ˵
ƾƮŵӣӸ߰˵ҪϲϬҿ͸һ
ʮƷ쾧Ϭˣ
ͨӵҶ綴ϤĿģóʮƷ쾧ǰ˵
˼ȻȿϬƮڵĹأŵȹȨ׷ûнҶóʮƷ쾧˵
øңǲǾͿˣҶʮƷ쾧˵
Сӣǲǵʧķˣƾʲôø㣡Цһ
㿴ʲô
ҶǬָóһöɫƣʵ
ӵĿʱ纣˫иֳ֮ͼþ̴֮˻ӵ˫˲Ĵʶ
һ̣𾪵Ŀע£ͻȻڵϣҶͷֶ֪ݣе岻Ҫ֡
塭
ӶҶĳƺڳȫɵۣһƬȻ׷Ҷеơ
ҶһƣսǬУڳƮڵӸûпöƵʵ
㻹ҿеϬ𣿡Ҷ米˫֣һѵģ˵
Ҳңֶ֪ˣӻֵ̿˵ֶھΪ壬Ϭ
˵ţӴӵóʮƷ쾧Ϭ˫ֵݸҶ硣
߰ɣл˵
Ҷȥһ˵Ľ䣬Ĩȥּ䣬鷳
ȵȡ
ͻȻһͳһɫƳۣ˫΢΢Щףﵽǵ𾳽ӴӺ˳һ۱ϥĻӵƵ壿
ȻأҶɫ̩Ȼķʵ
ţ֮⣡ӰʱͻȻ˶ɣɫ˲ôĵӣȻû֮ƵĴʶŻ֪
Ҳ֪˵ʲôҶû뵽ԼСᱻ˲𴩣ȴû¶һ˿ţƵ˵߰ɣȥ𴦹䡣
ôҽҴߣǲ̫СƮˣ
ɫһһɿµбһΡĻɽѹҶ硣
ס֣
ҶԥҪҪʱһԶԶشֱͷŵơ
һֻ̣ǰһһɫȹʩȴƯ˵Ůӳ˱¥Уڳˡ
ѩ
ǰʵţΧе⻷ƣ·Ů·Ůӣϳݣ׷ǰ
ѩҶ磬ͬһط
òƵ£ʸ޵ѩƮ죬Ҷ罫ѹһߣѩƮĶС
֪߰ɣ
ѩƮ˵ͷ޵ûһ˿飬ҪҶ뿪
ѩƱϾĺѩɸŵӣƣǲӦøĺѩɸһ
һľƽ
һѩɫۣƤŮӰ𪣬۽һ԰̺۵ӻ˵
ǸҪұѩɸԻһѩƮǿƵ˵㻹䡣
㡭
û뵽ѩƮ˵˵ϬԼһӣɫ˲
ѩ̫ӣѩΪָѵ˰ߣʹҶ硣
˵һϻҴѩѵ㣡ѩƮ۾͸һ˿ɫؿƾ
ʲôƮʦôѩƮǿȫʱһģӰͻȻ׵ĳ֡
ݼѩ
ͻȻ֮ˣƣдϲ׷ǰ
ѩѩĴ֮һȻѩƮ춼һ֮ʵǵ̣ԶʤѩƮ죬ƵĺѩɸҲһֱԵһԾӡ
һСͻѩƮ쵭˵
ȻƮʦò˵ǻ˵ɣѩ΢΢һЦ
ȥѩȲΪ׺֪ͣȴһ綾ޱȵĶߣֻҪᣬԻһ
Ǵ
۾͸һ֮ɫͼӴ׵Ľ龭˳
Ʈʦã˭ѩĿͶҶƵ
ȻŮϸƵʱȻһ־޵ĸо¶һ˿Ȥ
׼µĵӣѩƮ쵭˵
ƮʦãĲˣƮյϸ涨ɲʲôèʸΪƮڵӵģѩ˵ƮʦòݣƻŹذɡ
ģԻȥˣǿͨˣѩƮػӦ
Ͼ£ȥҲҿʦõ۹кζ֮Ϊִ⽫£ѩŽʵѹƵǵʥҶˣЦ˵
ðǾһɣ
ҶҲ¶ЦݣһڴӦ
š
ѩüͷ΢΢һ壬¶Цݣֻ۾ȴ͸һĨɫһš


1559 ͽˣ
е³çˣƮڵĿ˲ףѩڣԸ񣬼пΪǣ޷ͨ
ǰ˵ʱ˪ѩƮ̾ϢһѹһߣҶ˶С
İѩǰǲ㶪˵ģҶ΢΢̣ŵЦݡ
ϣɣ
оҶƵʵѩƮоͨ˵ļʲ
ˣǰˣңȥ˵һƸ
˴ƺһΰ׳һʯʯ֮ʱѩһ뵽ʯС
ߣ˴ǻƮڴȥδ̫ˣֵһֻĬ
һṦ򣬽յʯŻشˣһɫۣϲƵ߳ˣɨһ˵˭Ҫܿˡ
ǣ
ҶƵͬ
ãɣ
ɨһҶƵ˵
СĵɣҪ⣡ѩƮ̾Ϣһ
ѩ˽⣬ѩǰ򵥣϶취Ҷˣ޷ͨ
İѩǰǻעģҶЦ˵ûһ˿֮ɫ
ţ
ȻҶƵܷǸ磬еţͬʵ̫ߣ֮꣬ʤΪҶ˵ǡ
ҪΪƮڵӣҪͨ飬ֱˣӦˣ⿼ˣ˵ֱӰƮ£ǵĿѶҲһ˸һЩҪ׼߲һ˿˵
쳤ϣֻΪұѩɸͨӣѶȾͲ˰ɣ
ѩƮ֪ΪܶѶȣռѶȣûе𾳽ʵͨ
Ʈʦ仰ˣսԸѶȵûУμƮڣƮȻƴ󣬵ˣѩ˵
ˣô˰ɣ˭Ƚпˣ
׷ѩ˽ûѩƮᣬ˵
ɣ
ƵҶ紫һ£ߵ˰׷ǰ
ߣ
˵ţ׷ߴƵУնһˮһ㣬޹ľ޴ʯ¡
ʱһ⻬ľӸֳƵӰӣܿһһ澵ӳ
ߣ˴ǻƮڣδЩ˵ˣһȽǸϳƮڣҷŪǣ֪ҵ³
ƲҶˣѩƮڵҲǡ
ǿѩʵ͵λҪҶƵʵ̫ˡ
˷Ϊȼ͵ȼΪɫΪɫɫɫɫͺɫҪʯӳɫâͨ飡ĮĽܵסֻһλᣬʧ㽫ԵĿ顣
ã
Ƶ˵ͷʼ
֮ԴƵ巢ʵı仯ȻҶ磬Ҳһʥޡ
ȣ
һװı緢͵̤һڽ뵽۵ȭͷУһȭʯ
һ̣һīɫĹâھʯӳ
ɫôܣǵʥʵôô
žзīɫâڳȫɵۣѩɫԼСƵˡ
ܺãܲȥһң
Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫƵۣ˿鷴Ӧҡ
ķӦҲһʱڣҪ뾡һа취ķɼ壬һʱڣ㱻ϵķɼ壬ͽʧܣ
߼򵥵Ľ˹Ƶ뿪ң˷ӦѶȡ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
һָķɼҸ䴦ԼٶȹƵ塣
ȻƵѹʵʶͷӦȴǵˮ׼ټҶڸ
̤˲ٶȵĽƵתŲƣһɼĹ
Ƶɵ̬üͷ΢΢һ壬˿ѶȣȻƵӰ졣
أһʱȥˡ
ƵûбһɼУͨ˷Ӧˡ
ţþ˵ĶͷӦѩƮ۾һû뵽Ƶ˵ĳɫʱ˰֮ɫ
ѩ˵ɫøӵѩĸӵջ£Ȼ޷Ҷ˸ϳƮڣƱػɨء
ܺãֻҪͨĵ⿼ˣƮڵˣ
׷Ҳ¶֮ɫƵûпɣңһ⻬ľ¡
ְϣܼһʱ䲻ɣأ׷˵
ˣְֻʱأ׷ȴӲһѶȡ
ţ
Ƶ˵ͷ£ְ˹⻬ľϡ
һ̣ӳĵ֮⣬˲佫Ƶûˡ
̺µĵ⣬Ƶ͸Դѽͼ磬еĵκεӰ졣
ӿĵⱻ׻⣬ڻУԵ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
⾳֮Ƶ׷߻ˡ
ͽˣƵδ˵ðΪ


1560 һˣ
ѩҿ˰ɣ
ѩƮ޵¶˵Цݣû뵽ƵȻôľϲŻѩ档
ȷʵ
ѩ¶һ˿ѰζЦݣƵŰ߻˹
֪ûȤĺѩɸԸ⣬ҿƸΪͽ󲻵Դ̵ʱ䣬ͻƵ֮ѩͻȻƵ׳֦
ţѩҪӣѩƮɫЩѿ˵
ĺѩɸѩµһӦĺѩɸĺôѩЦ˵ֻҪϼĺѩɸ͹һƷʥ
㡭
ѩƮ֪Ʒʥջж󣬾ΪѩɸҲƷʥ
л⣬ֻѩɸ󣡡Ƶҡҡͷԥľܾ
ĲúÿѷĻᣬ
ѩɫ˲ת䣬û뵽Լ׳ôջ󣬾ȻƵؾܾˡ
ˣƵҡҡͷ˵
úãϣ㲻Ҫڣ
ѩ۾͸һ˿֮ɫת뿪ˡ
תʱߣѶᵽߣβҶͨ顣
ֵ˰ɣ
Ҷ򵥵Ļһӣ̬˵
ɣѩѸٽһ񣬴Ҷȥ
Сģ
ѩƮ쿴ҶͦεıӰһ΢΢Щġ
ǰʯӳͨ߸ûҶܣ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷվʯ£һѨϵ
һȭǰĿֱӱ˵ѹˣŽڽȭͷݺݵغʯϡ
ǣ
һ̣һѺʯӣ޾ĺѺӳ䣬̵۾
ҿҿʲôǼһһȭʯ
һʯӲȿǿƷʥѵȭͷƷʥҪ̣
ͨĿǰһĻڳ˾ˣǵɴ˫ۣǰһĻ
һ½ߣô½絽к
ʶҶһȭ֮ѩƮ쳹׷Ҳ֪ҶŵԴȪʲôˡ
λϣʯɣ
Ҷ翴ͫ΢Ŀɿڴİߣ΢΢һЦ˵
ã
һҶ磬ݺݵ³֣˵ڶңҶķӦ
һʱ䣬ɼоֻͨҪһɼ壬ͽʧܣ
˵뿪ңӦѶߵȼ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ǧöɼӸҶ磬ܼļеܿռ䡣
ɶѶȵĿ飡
ѩƮ¶˷ŭ֮ɫŭѩ
Ʈʦã㲻ҪңҺһԹߣϲǿˣѩ¶ŵЦݣ˵
ҶǵʥʵͨѶȵķӦ顣
ɽһĻȴ۾
Ҷʩչʱͨµʱ壬СĿռмٵһɼĹ
ΪʱҶ磬˿ҶƶٶʮֵĹ죬Ʈۻҡ
ܿ죬һʱȥˣķɼ½ǶûҶʮɵͨ˷Ӧˡ
ͽˣһûأ
Ҷ翴ɫˮγˮİߣ˵
ߣҴȥңͨ⿼ˣ㽫ΪƮڵӣ˵Ҷ˵ңվ˵֮¡
סֻҪһʱ䣬֮ɣ㿼˳ɹضһ֮˼ޡ
ˣԿʼˣ˵߽꣬վһߡ
Ҷ絥ְ˵֮ϣо֮г鼶ͼй޾ĵ֮ϮҶ硣
Ĵ鼶ͼĹҶûжκεĵ⣬ƾǿеֿ
Ϯĵ֮ӿֱʱʮڽ飬޷˺Ҷֺ
⣬ôܣǵʥʵôܵס֮Ĺ
Ҷɫɵسŵ֮Ŀ飬ڳһˡ
ѩƮ޵ϣȴ¶ľϲ
ͻȻһָоҶƵϲ͸ƾֵġ
ۿһʱ䵽ˣҶĳĵ֮籡˵֮Уɢ˵֮Ĵ鼶ͼޱȼӲĵ֮˵Ѻۡ


1561 ѩɸ
֮ˣ
ҵ찡һﵽʲôˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ĿҶѵ֮һĻд
ףһףʵôƸ޷ʵɤӴ
ƣѪˣҶ㲻ѩƮؾ
Ʈʦã⣬Ҳǵʥʵʵʯ͵֮ѩ۾еɫ˵
ѩǲ̫СһЩѩƮԵ㣬Ӿ޵ͨȴףѵΪƮһ죿
ƮʦȲҪŭѩƮŭѩ˵ֻҪ֤ûףҾͬΪƮڵӡ
㡭ѩƮŭˡ
ѩǰҪȻҪ֤Ҿ֤
ʱҶɫİ˳
֤ѩĿؿҶ磬˵
֤ҶͻȻ˵Ȼ粻ߣ·ߣѾԽͨʥ޵ˮ׼֪Ըһҵ𣿡
оҶĿƮԼæԴҶɢѹȸУɣԼµֵסҶһȭпܱһȭ򱬡
ô˵õ֮Ŀ飬õеֿѩѭѭյ˵
ѩ˼ҶԵ򲻹ΪƮڵӣҶεȵĻϤѩ⡣
ƮڲҪ㵥֮ͨ飬Ǿסѩ˵ͷ˵
ѩ㿴ҶԵΣ˵ţ֮ͼֳ壬ͷ
֮ͼ
Ҷ羹Ȼ֮ͼ֮ѩɫΨһĽҲҶطˡ
ѩ𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦ۽Ǽѩ
ܲ
ѩĿؿҶ磬ݺݵ³ĸ֣ĺѩɸĵӣЩǱ뿪ˡ
߰ɣǻرѩɸ󣡡
ѩȥıӰѩƮȻĴ죬۾л¶һ˿֮ɫٻһֻչʮ׵ľ޴ɺףԦƺıѩɸС
ǽҺܴľϲüһΡѩ˺ܲ򵥣ǵһҪСıѩƮĶƵҪСҸое㲻ԣûµʱ򣬲Ҫ뿪ұѩɸ󡣡
ǣѩǰƵɫ΢΢һ˵ͷ
ѩǰѩϵܲ𣿡Ҷʵ
ⶼΪҰģѩƮ̾ϢһƮзΪĴ󹬣ֱǷ绨ѩĴ󹬣Ĺֱַͬҵıѩɸѩ֮µĴɸ֮һ
ѩϵǢѩǵۼޣҪʱسǵۣһͻƣʸλƮڳһְѩ֮λճ
ѩջ£ѩҰļȵͣϵشѹ
ѩ츳ǺãǰͻƵǵۣټֶΣʹĺѩɸΪѩĸ֮ףҲϣ̳ѩ֮λ
ΪѩԻ֣֮һֱԾȵİ취
ѩǰƮѵڶԹۣҶ粻ʵ
ƮԴϹû䣬һֱҪɽ𣬵ɽεȵѣԸ⿴ֻоܼǱƮĴҪǣ򣡡ѩƮ̾Ϣһѩͻ𣬾ǣƮҲԸ⡣
òп򣡡Ҷп
û취ƮڲܶɽҲڲõĽҲᱻûѩƮҡҡͷĲпᣬģܶ츳ķ޷ӦȲпĹ򣬺ܿ챻̭
˵֮ʣɺ״ƺؽƣһƬȺɽ֮УȺɽ֮䣬һ񹤰ɵĽٲʯ໥ӳɾһ㡣
ˣҵıѩɸ󣡡ѩƮָǰɾǾұѩɸĵӣǾúȡͻƵ֮
ǣ
Ҷ˵˵ͷûиѩƮԼʵ硣
ҶУȴ˰ѩƮΪѩͷֻѩƮλԼл뵽ƮҵҶ޼Ĺ֮ء
ড
һ쳹۵ɺ״ƺ䵽˱ѩɸС


1562 
ʦ𣡡
Ծɺ׵ѩƮ죬ɫòŮӷ׷ǰ
磬ƵյĵӣǾұѩɸѩƮ˵ͷָҶ˽ܵ
ϲʦ𣡡
ѩɸӿһҶƵǰص
ѩǰѩɸ󲿷ֶŮ𣿡
Ҷ绷һ续ıѩɸ󣬷ɸݺݺȫŮӣʵ
ұѩɸɸ֮ͬ⣬ȫŮӣѩƮ˵ͷƷǱܸҴľϲ
˺Ϫ磬ƵȥԺԺ֮أȰúϪȥºͱ£ѡʺǵĹ
ѩƮ캰һĸһϮɫ߼ͬһһòŮӣ
лƮǰ
ȻѩɸҶѩƮĵӣԸƺѩƮΪʦѩƮҲ̫⡣
磬ƵʦӣǽҺʦߴʦ㶼ɣԺ£ֱҾУֻҪΧ֮ڵ飬һǽǰԺ;УϪʮ˵Ҷ˲ٺøС
ллʦ㣡
Ƶ¶ɰСѣ˵
ˡ
ϪҶˣһվ±ʱһ̶ĽͻȻǶС
͸Ҷ˿һˮɫȹĸŮӣֳһƺ֮轣
һĽâʢʻܣƺ˺ѵǧٿס
轣ʱлʱϫ·в󽭡
ʦ㣬ʲôˣ
ȻƵ츳֮ԴʵǾˣƺеŮʱܵĲ˲ԷĸоټȹŮӲò˺ġ
ʦߣұѩɸһţʦĽʦһֻѾ̤һǵ۾ˣϪܵ
ˣ
˵֮ʣһ̶ĽҶ˶С
΢΢һһʵ񽣣ҶǰҶʱ˫Եĳһ˿ʵʦ㣬ǺˣΪγұѩɸ󣿡
ʦãʦոյĵӣǵʦܣϪ¶ŵЦݵ
ʦյеӣ
¶֮ɫҶ缸ۣͻȻһĽâ壬ѱٶҶ硣
һνʮͻȻټʵּͬ޷
£Ҷײ׽һĹ켣ٵһָȥ
һ
Ҷڽָ߳䲻һǼװ
ܲ
߱˫бɣؿһҶ磬ת뿪ˡ
磬ƵǱ⣬ʦȻ˵㣬˻ǲģұѩɸ˱۸ˣһ㶼ʦóΪֹϪ߻ġ
ˣǰǰԺˣǾɣһҴȥºͱѡϪ⿪˰ԺĽƣ˼뿪ˡ
߰ɣǽȥ
޽±ߣŲٰľԺӣҶﻷ⣬Ƶ˽ȥ
ŨԺһ󣡡
߽ԺҶʱоһŨһԺУԴԴϻ㼯ۼԺоþòɢ
ҹǵ㣬绺Ʈ
Ҷ羲žʱͻȻ۾⣬¶һ˿֮ɫһӣ⿪˷еĽƣⲽƵ˽
Сӣ£
ɴȹ֣һְ뱧ðоƵҶʵ
ģ
Ƶҧһ촽ӭҶ۾һ᰺СԴ
ʲôҶһ۾ԽԽһԾʵܴ̼ˡ
ԣܴ̼ˣƵ˵ͷҷִУ˵ǣ֪ʲôʱ⣬ĵһθè㣬㲻ôᡣ

Сӣ׼̬ȣҶЦˣ٩ΪʲôèҶܣ
㣬ʲô˼Ƶŭˣ뺷˵ܳ㲻ܽҲܣ̽һҪ㲻ӦС
˵ţƵߵҶǰҶضԼֵ˫ʱµϻ͸˶Ρ
Сӣ֪㵣ʲôҿ㱣֤û˺㣬ҲУҶ翴Ŀ˸ż˼붷Ƶŵ
ġƵ۾һ
ģҶ˵ͷӹɵڣ㻹𣿡
˵ţҶ˫ۣպƵ§˻С
åſңƵֻ٣ҶĻı⣬ˡ
˵꣬Ƶһֻܾӣһˡ


1563 Ӳ֪ʲô
峿͵еҶ绽ѡ
һҹҶ˲˲ܵĵһʽӡ
СӣҹϢĿɺã
Ҷڷϴһ裬һɾ·߳ľݣһϮɫӢˬֲʧķƵԺеȴ
Ҫܣ
Ƶ͸Ҷһİ۵
ôҶЦЦЦ˵ɣٸһŵ´һܾ㡣
㣡ңȥƵµֳ˵ĺΣŭ˵åҹ£Ĳ㡣
úãҲ˵ˣ
ƵջģҶûٳЦԺеȴһᣬ˺ϪһͬԦɺף뿪˱ѩɸǰƮɽһʮɸߣ޽ĺһ㣬ԡڽ֮µı
ǰǱˣƮһ󣬷ֱĹ֮УĹСϪָǰıܵ
ʦ㣬ȥѡʲô𣿡Ƶʵ
ûУֻҪ㹻Ĺ׶ȣеıߣϪ
׶ȣƵüͷ΢΢һ塣
İɣʦѾΪǲһ׶ȣ㹻ڱѡʵļƷʥϪ˵߰ɣǽȥ
˵ţϪҶˣ״ıȥ
ʦ㣬˭
ƣ֮£ҶڱƫԶ䴦һȫ϶ѻź봹䵽ϣûһ˿ߡ
ȻоߵϢҶ翴ʱǴϸеŨŨΣϢʵ
Ҳ֪˭ѩɸʱѾˣʦҲ֪ݣǶˣϪ˵
˵꣬ϪҶˣһ㱡Ľƣ뵽˱ѡ
ȻвʥʥҪĹ׶̫࣬һ׶ֻҶѡƷʲļƷʥ
ѡƵѡһƷʥȼĺ񣬶ҶѡһԿһȭס
ϣⲻǺϪʦôµѡ
Ҷ˸ոѡ걦һ
һɫȲʵﵽǵ𾳽ӣµӻ˹
߰ɣѡұǻȥɣ
ϪûӣҪҶ뿪
Ϫ߰ס˵Ӧңҵ˫ް£ʥ
Σ˵ˣҶûȤپңҶ㲻ϪΪǵĺӣ˵
ҶȤĿȵؿźϪ
վںϪƵʱ۾бĹâӵĶĿ·ҪƵ
λʦǡ
ԽƵԽϲȻϪ֣ϪƵվһòĻʣƵһΣѸٸıĿ꣬¶һ˿ʺ˧Цݵ
ƵƳ˸һֱۣӽ˿źϪҶҪ뿪
ʦãôżѸٵƵǰʦã֪Ҫʥ㿪ڣʦһ

ûƵ˵Ҷȴ˵ˣ
ģ飬ң
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ĺѩɸȻʵǶԵ̫ǳܲס֮ͼʴǵĴʶƣ븵һһǵط
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ȻǰһĻܽϪĺѩɸİԵҼȥҶ뿪˱
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ڣҶЦЦԵҳô󣬴Ӳ֪ʲô


1564 ߵǿ
ҿǼһﵽʲôˣôôѵʶʦ֣
ţӦòʶȻֿʦ˵
ô˵ʦ֣ˣ
ѩѩܴʵǳȺ˵ѩʵѩһоŽǰʮ
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ϪȻǱѩɸʦ㣬ʵѩȣнϴʵ࣬Ϊ˻ͻòѩƮ졣
ѩڿѱʱǣѩ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
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ǰ³ĺѩɸѩһʦ֣ѩɸޱʦ⣬ʦǿˣ
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ʦãҴʦܽʣµΣ
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ųѩһţһǵ۾ѩһˡ


1565 
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ѩһѩһţʵȻ򵥣
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ʩչĵУѩһҲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ˫ֿٵؽӡһ˲ӡԼǰĿռ䣬ӲʩչĳϫӰ
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Ҷ˵ȴʱֲƮڵͨڵõԼĹЩӶԵ򲢲ߵĹҲΪƷʥ
ԼһʱֵҶˣԾԾԵƵҶ磬ߵ˴˹У͸صĴ¡

һƵٵݵ⣬ͼظֳ塣
ʲôͼǵʥʵôܶԵô
찡ѩɸʲôʱţ
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ƵͼζõĹ
ʱֽĿͶ˳ȵĿƽҶ磬ͻȻ֮䣬߶һ˿棬һ˿ڴ֪Ǳж


1566 Ʈ콣

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ڴڵӷ׷ʱɫûҶ꺣ԳԽٵٶȣû뵽˴УֱŰɫš
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ɫٶ̫죬ѩһڵĵӶûпɫʵ޽ȴһ˿ӦҶ˼ı仯
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ʮ󣬴ӳİ׹⽥ɢˣɫٶȼĻصҶ꺣С
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ڴϵ֣ڳȫɵˣӵĴ¼žһƬ


1567 ƽ𽣻
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߲ɵõһû뵽Ҷĵõ˼Ʒʥ
ɫɱɻƽ𽣻ˣ
ɫڽ꺣˲䣬Ҷ羪ϲķ֣ɫвӡƮ콣ھɫ껹ɱ䣬ɱǿĻƽ𽣻ꡣ
Ȼƽ𽣻һָоƽ𽣻ĹƷʥΪһɱﵡ
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ȻųѩһţڴֻõƷʥԼʵԶԶԼҶõ˼Ʒʥ޷ʵǶʻ
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ҶɨһɫˮѩһԾ˾޴ɺ֮ϣһ˫˫ޣԾŭʵĸĿע£ˡ
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ǵʥͻƵһǵ죬뵽ҶŴ漣߸оҲʵ
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ʮɻƽ𽣻ζʲôԼԽˣҶȣԼ̫Զˡ
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̫䣬ûж˵мĻȴġ


1568 ¥
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ҶƵո뿪Ʈڣѩڵһʱ֪Ϣ¶һ˿ЦݣҲ֪ɵǼɵʱȻ뿪ƮڣȻǾǹɡ


1569 ¶ʵ
ɭ֣λɭϢŴʥޣ۸ֽ涼ԻһƬ˼
ˣյͼעǰǾɭˣ
Ҷվھ޴ɺ֮ϣԶԶԶһͷĹɭ֣Ԧɺ䵽˾ɭΧ
磬ΪʲôֱӷɵɭУܽԼʱ䣿
ƵŴΧɭֵҶ磬ʵ
ֱӷɽɭУЩҲǣҶ¶ЦݣٻϹϹͼøӵɭֵΣһء
˵ĺѩɸˣƵüͷһƣµҶڵ˭
ѩŹȳǵĻᣡҶ˵ͷҺܺ棬ʲôǰɱǡ
磬ͲѩԼǰɱǣ
Ƶ֪ƷʥѩԵǵ۾ʵǴв
ҵϣѩԼ
ȻҶʵ²ѩĶֻ֣Ҫַܻɱ
ˣȴɣϲӦÿҪˣ
˵꣬Ҷ˫ۣĬĬתɻɾɭŨһ㹮̾磬Ϊһǵ׼
Լһʱ䣬ҶǿԶٷʮǿϢǱƽ
ˣ
ҶͻȻյ˫͸ïʢҶԶ
磬ѩûԵƵ΢΢Щŵʵ
ûУҶҡҡͷԤһѩΪ˱ӣû뿪Ʈڣ֮ˡ
ѩһƵ²
ѩһһѩһҶ˵ͷ֪ɱѩһʦ᲻мҡ
ʱˣʦ㣬ôϲòҰǣǣߣƵҶһ۵

ʦ̫䣬ϲͣҶЦһˣҵĴŮ׼սɡ
ಡ
һ̶ƿ
ѩһΪ׵ʮĺѩɸֳ˾ɭУҶ˵·
ϣɰⲻҶʦܣʦû뵽ǡ
Ҷ罻ƣҶˣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ƣ֪Ϊʲôıȱ˲ΪеͣҶҡҡͷĴ
ģͷӲһסңұ֤ԣû뵽Ҷʱ򻹸Ҽɫ࣬ݺݵ˵
ͷҶ̾Ϣһȴǵ
ôϵǻѩһüͷ΢΢һ壬ؿҶ磬ЩΪҶȻݡ
Ѳ𣿡Ҷ絭˵ѩŹȳǵĺû᣿
ô˵ǹǵˣ
ѩһüͷšһ𣬿ŴݲȵҶ磬ͻȻĪĸеһ˿
Ҷ˵ͷѩôҪǣƮ콣䣬ǲҲӦ͸һݴ񡣡
ģǵʥʵҲװŪ
һǵӵѩһ񴫴ϢͻȻһֳһƷʥȼĳǹԳһ㣬ĿĦҶ硣
꣡
ǵһǹҶ˫ֳƷʥȼȭӭȥһȭ˷ޱȵǹϡ
һ̣һɳǵ̵ĳˮ͸ǹӿ˫Уµֱӽֱ˺ѵǧٿףӲܿƵˡ
ѩһ˾ԮҶһٽӰʮڽײ塣
أһǵҶбײ˳ȥݺݵԶһ˺ϱܱĹľľҶϣҲһѪ
š
ҶԵǵһĻѩһüͷšһ𣬶һҪɱҶ磬йͷֻ޵ƣŵһ£鲻Խһ
Ҷ磬ҵСˣû뵽㾹Ȼһʥ޵ˮ׼
ȻҶֵսܾˣѩһΪѩһţˣû¶һ˿ţĿؿҶ磬ٻһƷʥȼĳ
ǿȻֲ˾ϵĲ֣࣬µȪҲܺЦˣ
һǵۺǿ𣿡
ҶЦһʵһѩһ𾪵ĵиգ֮ǿƵһϢĸо
ǵ𣡡
оҶʵȻﵽǵѩһͫײɵΣյ״еĲӵǿҡ
ǵ𣡡
ţǸоƵʵҲﵽǵͷһƷʥ
ǵʲôˣƮڵΪ£ѩһû뵽Ҷصôɫ˵
˾֪ôˡ
˵ţҶϹͼռ䣬ѩһ˵·
ţٻʴʥ̤ѩһ͵Ĺ


1570 ɱѩһ
ߣǵҲɱңδЩ˵ˣ
ѩһһֳƷʥӭȥҶƴɱһ
ˣ
ؿĽⴥһʱҶȼ˺֮Ѫ˲ʮڽ籡ʴʥѩһĹӲѹƷʥӲһ
ʲôһʦֱˣ
ѩһƵУ޵еĴڣƮʤһҲ࣬޷ţһ֣Ҷ羹Ȼһ
ѩһ˵ʵҲˣ
Ҷҡҡͷٻ˼ƷʥᣬЯһɾ˵Ľƣѩһ͵Ĺѹ幥ơ
һʦֿԶԸСסƵ˵ƿƯһƵ˵
ã
ȻƵǵʵͣѩһ⣬ѩһǵƿش֡
ħɣ
Ҷһٻ˷ӡͭŹеħɣƵǰסǡ
ţһײе˻ͭŹ
ȫŨŨħħƿ˺Ĺ׸ǣƵˣ˻ѪҪѪ
ɣôշһֻɣ
ƵȻûмɣڹżмɵĽܡ
ǽʬ֮ʵ£ǿɵʵɳԽħۼޣﵽħˮ׼һ֮ɨ
ħɣɱǣ
Ҷħɴ˱ɱ
𣬽ˣ
ħɷ˲ĺֳصս޾ħնƵˡ
ƵҲʱٻƷʥ¸ֳ壬ֳ鵶ħһͬ
Ҫɱң
ʵ͵ģһغϣͱħбħˣѪĵ˵ϣɫҰ׵ĵ

Ƶ¶֮ɫֳƷʥȼ鵶֯ηĵ⣬һնϣ룬ɱ
ɱƣƵħתӡһĲӡĺѩɸ֣ϵؼƣѹסǡ
ϲҽѩһȴţĽݵ£Կս죬ҶӰҵɱ
ӡ
ѩһԵĹʴʥʱĴͼֳҶ壬˫ֿٵؽӡһö·ŲĴӡΧռӡѩһĳϡ
䣡
ӡ飬µǿƵѩһĹ
ʥر䣡
̵ѩһʵҶûٲ׾ȼʥںʥѪӲʵһǵۼ£ѩһսһ
Ѫʥ
оҶʵͻȻѩһûٲ׾ʩչѪʥѪ̶֮ʵ
Ѫһؽ
ѩһһȫѪ֮ǿĵںһлһѪ֯һƬѪȾſռ䣬նҶ硣
ҶɱѩһĺûʩչƮ콣䣬ЩҵʩչĴУѩԵҲûá
鲫ȭ
Ҷʴʥ£ĴͼϵغһԲɱȭâӲѪеһѪ
ţÿµͨʲôˣΪεô
ʶ鲫ȭĿ£ѩһвԽԽǿңһָоҶʩչ鲫ȭĵȼ´ﵽƷʥ
Ѫؽ
ѩһĵݵ£ʩչյǿһ
صһѪһĽâϮһſµɴڣûҶ硣
ѩһʩչѪؽ˲䱬ֲҶû㣬һǿ׳岻ϵر󣬱仯֮ĺ鲫ȭѪ׽ɵɴڡ
䣡
춯صıըڶ
ʥڰмҵĶײޱߵķˣϯܣռ
ƽ𽣻꣬ն
Ҷʩչ鲫ȭӲѪؽʱһɫâӳҶ꺣ŴĿĽ⣬նɫ΢ѩһ
ƽ𽣻꣬ǻƽ𽣻꣡
ڴ⣬ѩһԼоҶɻƽ𽣻꣬ƽ𽣻ѶȣټҶľ磬ַԼĲ²⡣
ԼûпҶɻƽ𽣻ˡ
Ѫɱ󣡡
Σʱ̣ѩһٻһ˰ѼƷʥѸǰѪɱӲƽ𽣻깥
Żɽһ˰ѼƷʥҶ۾ʱȱټƷʥѩһ͸ˡ
ˣϷˣɣ
˵ţҶٻƷʥʥڵĽɫӿʥУһöʥѩһ
أ
ʥ£ƽ𽣻նѿһѺ۵Ѫɱ󱻶ˣѩһֵĿע£ؿڡ
֮䣬ѩһϵر¶ƣʥĹ
κҶȼպ֮Ѫӵ޽ߵĵϵʥѩһ
һööʥ£ѩһٻıƲϵ顣
գѩһֿһööʥ䴩壬һѪ


1571 Ů˵˼
Ҫɱǣ
ĿҶɱѩһһĻƴֵħɣƵĺѩɸӿ־ˣϵشĵ
ںǲ̫ˣ
Ҷ˵ʥ˹ȥ
ܿ죬ʣĺѩɸӱʥɱˣһѪ
Сӣߣ
Ҷһӣѩһ˵ħٻǬǻʬ𼣣Ƶɭȥ
ԼʱҶƵһƧɽУó˻ɱѩһ˵õսƷ
һ˰ѼƷʥѩһллˣ
Ҷ緢֣ɱѩһõһ˰ѼƷʥƷʼߣõǣǬʵķԾ
ƷʥѪʥ
˰ѼƷʥҶ绹ѩһзѪʥԼƷʥɱ
ʶѩһʩչѪؽҶѪʥļֵ׼պ׵Լ֮
֮⣬õ˲Ʒ쾧Ʒ쾧ʥƷʥ
ţʲô
鵽ҶѩһзһӡؽƵĽУǿƿнʱֽз۴Сͨɫƣɢĵҩ
Ʒʥ
ҶŵҩʱгŵҩƷʡ
Ʒʥ֪ʥܲǵޣ
ҶƷʥļֵԳƷʥ͸ƵһţԼһţתɻٵ
Ʒʥ̺ҩӴҶڻʱͷųҩ
Ҷ̫ǿˣƷʥͷŵҩ޷˺ֺסڴ˿˿ʹУٵҩʵ
ƵԶҶǿƷʥʱ˲Сʹ࣬޵֮ǿסʹתʥ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
УҶƷʥһٽʵǵ¡
ƵƷʥӴҩǳƿﵽǵ𾳽硣
ͻˣҾȻͻˣ
ͻƵ˲䣬Ƶ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫҲû뵽Լôͻһ硣
ƷʥȻǿ󣡡
Ҷ̫ԶˣƷʥпͻƵһǵ۾硣
߰СӣȥҸˮ̶ڵ󣡡
Ҷ翴մѪƵЦЦ˵
Ҫܣ
Ƶɫ΢΢һ죬͸ҶһİۣУȴҶ˸мûҶ磬ôͻƾ硣
ɭޱ߲ˮ̶ܿǶ˾ͷһľˮ̶
ԡʱ㲻͵һӣƵ΢ؿҶ磬ݺݵؾ
Уֲû
Ҷں˵ƵĿע£ߵһߡ
ƵĥҶԶˣѵСѥӣһ԰۵Сţ߽˱ˮ̶Уˮ̶ѵ·ͻƾ磬ƳѪ
ˮ̶УƵоˬ˳ë壬԰Ρ
ƵϴɾѪۣ׼һɾ·ϰʱͻȻҶڰߣһ죬ӳ̶ף˫ֻص㣬Ҫʲô
СӣʲôͷʪŵƵҶ̾ϢһҹͶ籧Ҷ޶ԣһͼı𣿡
Ҷ磬⻰ʲô˼ﲻƯ𣿡Ƶĥ˵޲ǰҧҶ缸ڡ
ˣ㣬ھ͸Ͽ촩·ȻҸоܻˮ̶бĳʱɱ˵ռ˳㶹Ҷ翴ŻðɵƵ˵
ҶѣƵĸ֪ͻȻ̶ײΣգɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳ壬ס˵壬Ծˮ̶
Ծˮ̶˲䣬ϢĿһ׳ĺͻȻѿѪڣҧԾеƵҪ̵С
ʥޣ
оĵȼƽ𽣻ƳҶ꺣ڰлһĿĽ⣬һն˺Ӵն룬ѪȾ̶ˮ
֪ҲҪ͵˰ɣҶָźѪʬ壬˵
Ҷ磬ôû𣿡ƵߵҶߣ˵㣬ҡ
ûƵ˵껰Ҷ͵رѹһִĹľϣ¶Цݵҷʲôҵǲ⡣
㡭
ҶļѹߴҶ˫ƵֻԼз·һֻС¹ıµϸֳ˵ĺΡ
һ̣Ƶ˲ƿҶɫǣҪַӱ̫ࡣ
Ҷ磺


1572 ʥ
ޣѪʨɿճ
Ҷ緢Լ²͸Ƶ˼ʥٻ˳ʥ޺ʬʵ
Ũ
žɭص޵۾ʱ
صһش󺣵ĸоܶ½֮ѹƣֻҪ㹻Ѫ⣬ȫ̵ʱָʵؿм䣬Ǻѹ
ţɭֺųŴʥޣ˵ɭǿʥ޴ڣҶ˵ͷ
ʥޣ찡ǵðһֻʥ޵Ҿָܻʥ޵ȼʮͷʥޣҲָܻʥ޵ȼ۾¶֮ɫ˷ܵ˵
ѪʨɿճȻû˵ͬ¶˷ܵر顣
߰ɣǽɭ֣Ǵ˵еľʲôطֵƮڿȸͣ
ʥ˺Ҷûٵʱ䣬Ƶֱ˻޺ͽѪʨ֮ϣɭȥ
оҶƵϢɭдޣЩ޵ʵЩҶ˵κεвƻƽ𽣻׾ٵĻɱ
һֻֻ޵ʬ壬Ҳ޵ʥ޹Ϸˡ
ܿ죬ɱ¾һ죬еƣҶ磬Ƶʥ޶ǬеϢ
˴ʥޣѪʨ˽ļ󣬵мʥ޵ȼɿճ棬ȴδнļ
ȻɿճҪ࣬ӵѡ
ɿճһĵȼֱɿռ䣬γǿĿռ涴ʱҶͿɽɿճ⴩Խռˡ
峿ָĵҶ磬Ƶʥ뿪ǬһѰҾһɱ¾ɭǿޡ
ܿ죬ʱȥˣҶһ뵽˾ɭȴδܷһ
ǻ޺ͽѪʨ˴ʥ˳ʥޣʵȶ
ٲȥǰٲϢ°ɣ
ɱһֻʥ޶ͫߵҶ磬ԶٲĴƵһǧ׳һٲ¡
ţǿ
վٲ£Ҷĸ֪ٲиоһɿµ֮ǿԳʥޣﵽʥ޵ˮ׼
Сĵ㣬ûиоٲһֻʥޣ
Ҷͫ΢ٲ͸µٲԼٲзһڶֻʥ޵޾ںڶ֮С
ʥޣ
ԲСðȵĹâȼʥʵЧѾˣҪڶʱڼָʵҪɱʥޡ
ĵңȥٲĺڶ浽һֻʥޣ
˵ţҶϢ̤׸ߵĿռ䣬һƿ˱µٲٲѨС
ǺˣΪôĶ
һŭ޹İҶ𣬿µĤ΢ģæƵӡ˫

ҶվڶڣλڶѨ֮Уһɣȫɫ쵣űըԼĿʱ󣬷״ͨ徧Өûһ˿ʣһ㣬緢滨滨Ѱҵľ
ԭҲΪӷҶĿǿ׳˵Ҷ̰࣬ɡ
˵ţӳҶһȭµȭâҷųβںſռеҪôҶɱ
⵽ӺȭâҶ粻ܣѨϵӶȭͷӭȥ
䣡
һ޴ı
Ҷȭͷгһȭ飬µȭҶϣֱӺٲ׹䵽档
ǿǿȶ۴ڵʥޣ
ҳһӣѪҶڵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
磬û°ɣ
ƵѸҶߣĵʵ
û£ҶҡҡͷһǶ˺ʥԼԸ
˵ţٻ֮ǬֳʴʥɱշײٲշµĿӼսһ
䣡
ҽ֮ҶȻδֵܵס͵Ĺǿɣײһ׸ߵĹľڵϡ
Ѫȼգʥر䣡
ӻˣҶ粻ٲ׾ѸȼǿѪ֮ʥӲʵһǵۼޣٴƴɱһ
һʱ䣬Բ﷢˾ҵ𶯣µɨһУƬƬֲΪƽء


1573 
С࣬Թҿɣ
ӱһȼǿѪ֮仯ǿս̬ҪһɱҶ硣
ɱң̫Զ
˵ţҶٻʥʮڽʥĴͼڽʥУɱϮĿӡ
ݣ
ʥɹռгһؼۣµʥ֮ÿӸеΣϢܵһܡ
ܵ˲䣬Ҷʥγʥ˿ӣܣֻӲʥĹ
ۣ
ӱǿʥֱ䴩µʥ͸޴˳ȥ
ûʥҿҶ
ǿֻͨʥޣ壬ûǿʥ⵽ʥ˲뵽·硣
ɵ࣬ѵֻ𣿡
⵽Ҷ粻ʥһ㣬һߴ
Ҷ粻Ϊϵſӣϵؼơ
໣
ԽԽأ޷֧ǿսָ̬˱壬һֻСɽСȫʯӲƤţǷ罣ţһڿṳ̆ſռ䣬ײҶ硣
ݣ
ţײҶʥӭȥ
ռ䶼ʥ£
໣
һʹĺʥֱӷţĹ˳ȥСɽСݺݵԶҳһ޴ĿӶ涼
ǬǬһ
ţʱҶһһޱȵǬ֮ٵںϣһƾ˵޵񽣣ſµĿռ֮һնţ
ţ̫أ޷㿪ǬĹһӴϣһ¶Ű׹ǵĽۡ
Ʋϵؼأţ˿־壬ʵһֳʥȫҶ磬ӴҪܡ
Ϲ죬գ
Ҷ׼ţܵ˲䣬ٻ죬ռ䣬ţܵ·
ţֳʥţӴ䴩ǧٿףѪȪһӿ壬γһѪϪ
΢ֺ࣬һսʲô£
ѪţƹһҶ硣
ãԸ
ţϣҶͻȻʥӰ׹Ƽصţǰ
裡
ţŹȾѵĻᣬŭһƣҶ硣
鲫ȭ
ţϢѹȸײҶ仯ǿ֮壬ϵغԲɱľɱȭâӭţ
䣡
һ춯صı
⵽Ҷ鲫ȭײţӲ˻ȥµĲȭϵطţķԴ
ȭţҶ׷仯ͷռ̬Ӷ׳ֱۣʮڽţɱ
ţȻǿޱȣﵽʥ޵ȼ⵽ʥʧѪ̫أ޷ǿʵ
ɱ˰ʱ䣬ţӴҶһδκɣսٵ
໣࣬ҲҪµ
ֵסҶ͵ĹƣţʼƴˣȼǿѪһűϢǣײҶ磬ҪҶײ顣
鲫ȭ
ԷţҶ罫Ĵͼݵ£ԼĹǿ̬Ӳţ
ȻһʼҶܵѹܴͬ󣬵ţԽԽأҶȫռϷ
ţӲޱȵԴǱ鲫ȭ飬ʳ˴Խ
ɣ
ţԼҶٴٻʥֱ䴩ţԴ꣬ɱˡ
ޣѪʨɿճ棬ţʬ͸ˣ
˵ҶϹ죬·ɻصٲѨУǰ
þļֵ²һʥͣ
о̺ԣҶ֪ļֵҶһָоƮ;ֱӷãܷӾǿҩ
գ
Ҷһٻƽ𽣻꣬һи¾ΧֵԵǬУ磬ָ֮ƣȴʥţ
ԼʱҶȫţɱɵƣʥţѪ⣬ʵ̶ͬȵ
ɿճ棬ʼƷʥ޽ˡ
߰ɣǼɭ֣ѰҾ
֪˾ļֵҶҪժһЩȥԼܵõĹ׶ȣӶһһǵ۵ıر֮


1574 
ʱһʱһš
һУҶƾǿʵɱһֻʥޣժ
ɿճһУ˳ϼʥޣɿӵǿ
ţʲô
ҶԦŻޣɭָƶʱĸ֪쳣
֪һҵϢԼٶ㿿Ϣ֮󣬻һֻµޡ
Ȳأԥ֮ʣҵϢԽԽˣȻǣҾͳ־һɡ
˵ţҶԦӭȥһɫĸںڳŮΪǱ
ںŮ֮һֻ峤ʮףȫŽɫâͷ˸šֹƵ
ֻɢϢֻһֻʥޣʵ¡
ʥ
Ҷһٵؽʥ״һ
һںĴͼɫʥײеӲˣ˺Ůӡ
࣬û뵽ǻŻǲãͻȻԵ
ţѿѪڣŻҵշ˾춯صĻХ
ܿ죬ɽ궯ֻʵﵽʥ޵ȼ˹ʰΧ״ҶǰΧм䡣
û°ɣ
Ҷ翴źµץۣƲĺŮӣѸٵݸһżֵƵʥ
лл֮û£
ŮûлҶģѸٽʥ̵˶Уָơ
ɱ˺ǣ
ſѪ
ħɣ
ֻµҶ粻Ҵ⣬Ѹٻħɡ
ƵҲͬʱٻӵǵ𾳽ĽܣԼӭһֻ
սپ
˵ţҶȼǿѪֳ֮ʥϵعѹ͵Ĺơ
Ʒʥ
ʶʥȶƵĺŮ۾һ׷ٻһƷʥȼսһֻҪѸٻɱΧǵȺ
ɭҶҲΪСģȼҵɱµʥޣǾֻܱâˡ
ܣ
һҶٻ֣˵ƶٶȣϵӴش塣
ս̬
̵ʥĿ£仯ǿս̬ϽһִĹľ𣬹Ҷ硣
κΣҶӵ޽ߵĵϵʥ
أԽԽأסʥ
໣
ͻȻһĲҽ
һֻ˺۵ħӲ˺ѿӴڰбѪ࣬ѪɥȪ
ǿƻɱһֻħɳʤ׷һֻֻæ⣬ϵغˡ
໣챾ǣ´һȫˣ
⣬һݻҪ뿪
ߣûôף
Ҷ粢ŹֻҪٻϹס
ͻȻҶǿоһɱҪµˣɫ΢΢һ䣬ϵҪսиΣտ뿪˵
˵꣬Ҷֻʬ壬˺ޣԼٶȥ
ҶǸո뿪һֻɣȫźɫëűըԼ⣬ǿһԳˡ
˺۵ֻԳ۾ѪɫѿѪڹһֻֻµ
ȻƾǿʵӹԳ׷ɱһֻֻȴδ⣬ֻµԳ˺壬һ̵˶С
ɭֹȻΣգԸ֪ԶˣոֻжǬһ취ˣ
Ҷû뵽ɭֻгԽ۾ʥ޴ڣԽľηƵǼٱۣڰʱ֣һƧľֵɽȶ˽ȥ
лл֮ʫʫû
ŮӸоΣչȥһҶؾһм˵
ǡҶ磬֪Լܲӹ׷ɱ
ˣҶҡҡͷĻӢˬо͸ű֮һǵ۾ĺŮӵΪιһ˴ɭ֡
ɭ֣˵ɭžұҵһȥҸף٣ȴû뵽ɭ˵ΣգֻѾֻʥˣŮ̾Ϣһ
뵽⼸ľȻ£Щ£Լ³ç
ɭоҶɴ˫ۣ¶֮ϲ
򣬾Ƕʥӵ߳ƾƿļʣԪ
ȻԪһ˵࣬һЩԪɺԵĴ֮˵̫ˡ
ӵо˵µУͻƾٻһ
ôҲԾȤ
Ҷ۾бĹâŮʵ
ţȷʵԾȤСҶ˵ͷ֪Ǿʲôطм
Ѿҵ˾ҹ۲ӦŮӵ
ɣǺȥժ³֮һһΣҶ
ãɽ
Ů˰æʶҶ羪˵ʵֶΣ붼û룬ʮʹӦˡ


1575 ۱ʯ
ڶһ磬ںŮӴ£Ҷһ뿪Ƨɽȣǰ˾ɭ
ʫʫ۲죬жʥޣ
һҹʱ˽⣬Ҷ֪ŮսʫʫʵҶûжʣΪоԼˣսʫʫҲһ˵ʵ
սʫʫóƷʥܲ򵥡
ΧӦֻʥޣҪ߾취ֻʥߡսʫʫŬһ£˵
ֻʥޣȷʵе㼬֣
Ҷʵսһֻʥޣ⵽ֻʥΧҲֻбâһ·ѡ
ջ̫Ҷ޷ᣬ˼֮Ǿðճһ¡
ĵطǼƻ£취סֻʥޣҶ紫һսʫʫھɭдһ㿿ɽȡ
ŨɽӦþǾɭֵɽԴͷ
ɽȣҶоƮԽԽŨһɸߵĹľֱ̲񷣬գʹɽޱȡ
ǰɽȣĵطֻʥ޾ɽУսʫʫָǰһľɽȣС˵
ңȥֻʥҶһɽȣСмǣ۷ʲôҪæ
˵꣬ҶϢƮĹȣĿɽȣɽٻϹ죬״ľС
ӽɽȣҶһᾹʯ֮󣬿ԼݣӦɽеʵ
ţÿµȻһɽлиǿ޴ڣ
ԵɽʱҶ˸оսʫʫ˵ֻʥ⣬оһɼﵽʥ޼޵Ϣ
ϢȴûиоȻɽԴͷԼ
ҪժþѶȲС
Ҷ粻ȷԼµվסֻʥޣڱصãҪһ¡
ܣȥ
Ҷһٻ˽ܣɽ֮Уɽеʥޡ
໣
оܵĴڣϢɽµʥ޷ŭˣ˾ŭ
ţ׷ɱսʫʫֻһ׵ĶѨ˳ѿѪڣҧ˽ܣҪôصĽҧ
ȥ
սʱҶѳ˾ɽȡ
໣΢࣬㻹ҷ㲻ɣϳ˾˷ŭĳХ
𣡡
ɽļһֻͨڣ˫˸׹ֻ˫ᣬ峤ף罣ǳˣܺ;

ͽûֻʵֲޣҶԥһ£ܺ;ɽͻΧ
ΪٵȥҪײеʥ˺ˣʱֻʥ޶ȥ
𣡡
Ĵʥ޿ͽܲܣŭһ׷׼׷ɱƱҪôصĶɱ
Ĵʥ͹£ԽԽأӳɽʱ屻Ӳ˺ˡ
ɣ࣡
ŭһѿѪڣһҧ˾Դϣ罣ֱӴ̴˾ҧ顣
ҧ龵˲䣬ɣͻȻͣ
ʥޣѾ׷ɱϹƵĿռУһܵڿռ˲佫ʥ档
壡
ֻʥʧǰǼߵµһп壬Ҫ˻صɽС
ʱȼ˺֮ѪҶ󣬱ʮڽһΡĸɽݺݵײϡ
䣡
Ӵһ£Ӵһ˿ʧأ׷ɵ˰С
鲫ȭ
ţҶʩչʥһԲɱ춯صȭâӴֱӽϹƵĿռС
ɹˣ
ɹסĴʥޣڹľеսʫʫ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
סĴʥޣɽнûΣգԼժȥףˡ
Ϲͼƣ
Ĵ켶ʥֲ̫Ҷ约³⣬ֽϹͼٻ˳Ӵ˽߰ɣǽȡ
˵꣬ҶŵȴʱƵŮԼʥ޽뵽Ũɫ˵ɽС
ʫʫͼǿĵ𣿡
ɽʱҶ紫ѯʵ
Ҷ磬ɽлΣգѩսʫʫʵ
ҸոոоɽȾͷһֻµޣ޵ʵ¿ۣǱҪȫԸҶ˵ͷ
ۣ
սʫʫƯĴ۾һɣ¶ŨŨĵ֮ɫ
Ȼбĵƣ۵Ķ֣ǵȿֲĴڣҲֻܷ
ʫʫͼ߿˵ĵƣǻлģҶ˵
һŵ۱ʯ˲ɱһĵۼ֣޵Զʤ壬ټֲֻ̫н۱ʯпشۡսʫʫǬָóһī̺ſľʯ
ŵ۱ʯͺðˣҶĴ󶨵ʫʫңͽ۱ʯңʥ޽һ
ãһСġսʫʫ˵ͷʮεĽޱĵ۱ʯ͸Ҷ硣


1576 ͫѪʨ
𣬱΢࣬ʲô
һŭĺһֻ峤ʮףȫɫʨëͭ˸Ž⣬䲻ʨӣһʢŴ滨ĵؿԾѿѪڣ
ͫѪʨģػ
սʫʫŭɫʨӣƯϲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ͫѪʨϹ֣Ѫ֮£սԶԶͬȼʥޣҶһ˴˼в
СӣýԸ
ȻǰĽͫѪʨ£Ҷ緢֣ﲻžǧԼܽľȫժߣصƮԼһĹ׶ȡ
ã
Ƶ˵ͷҶһͬٻ˽ܣ׼ӲͫѪʨ
޵Ϣڸо޵Ϣ
ͫѪʨ۾бŨŨĽ⣬ע˻ޣڣͫѪʨоǿѪ¶̰֮ɫ
һֻ޺ᣬ˵ܴļԭĵȼ
ĴʨӣҵҪǵ˭˭ѿѪڣʾ˵
ڣȫ
ͭŹͻȻƳǬڽԼٶײ˽ͫѪʨ
໣
ͫѪʨŭһƴʨצݺݵĴͭŹףµֱӽŹķ˳ȥ
Ź׺ɵ˲䣬ħɷɳ˹Źףֳٽصƴ󵶣֯޾ħӰն˽ͫѪʨԴ
𣡡
ͫѪʨѿѪڣ籼ֹĺںӣħɣĹӰкɡ
ʥ䣡
ҶץסͫѪʨħɵĻᣬ߸ߵԾ𣬽ʥ״ɱ
ݣ
һ̶Ħ
ſµʥϵعͫѪʨҪ䴩塣
Ѫף
Σʱ̣ͫѪʨʩչ˴ͨǿѪ֮渲һĽףסʥĹ
ɽ壡
޴ӴһСɽųʮڽݺݵ˽ͫѪʨӴϡ
ͫѪʨķ̫£޻ɵĻɽ岻޷˺ֺԼŭĽͫѪʨһȷ˳ȥɳԶԶɽҴһ󶴡
ǿķ
Ҷû뵽ͫѪʨķ˵Ŀ£ʥ޷˺ֺ֮Ȼ޷˵ı塣
𣡡
Ҷ¶֮ɫʱͫѪʨӴͻȻѿ޴ʨڡʯʨҶꡣ
ãˣ
ͫѪʨͷŵ̫ҶһٻĴͼޱߵĵ֮ǰʨĹһߴѸ󷽳ˡ
ȻҶ˳˵ĺܼʱͫѪʨʨֲ̫Ĵͼɵĵ֮ݿ飬Ҳ߿Ѫʹ಻ѡ
һҶˣͫѪʨӴ͵طһϹ⣬ҶˣҪô˻ᣬҧ
Ǽˣ
ͫѪʨϮҶ綣һΣӭȥǿĵ۱ʯҲͬһʱС
ʱı٣
ҶͫѪʨײһ˲䣬ҶͻȻӿıʱ٣ȽͫѪʨӦǿ׳ײһ
һ̣Ҷž޴ײ˵۱ʯһǿıը֮˲˳˲佫ˡ
Ҷ粻°ɣ
ԶսʫʫҶͽͫѪʨڵ۱ʯУʱ
ʮ۱ʯıըƷʥը飬ǵ۶ܱըɵõҶİΣ
İɣһµģ
һŵսʫʫƵüͷ΢΢һ壬䲻ȵ˵
໣
ը֮ԽԽʱһŭĺ
Ѫ׷飬˵ĽͫѪʨڱըķѪ壬ӳ˻籩С
ˣ
ӳ˲䣬ȴʱܻ޵е½ն׹䷲£ݺݵն˽ͫѪʨӴϣ壬Ҫ䵽籩С
ȻͫѪʨأʵǵۣܿԱġ
ܵĹͫѪʨѿѪڣ˴⣬ֱӽܺ˳ȥ
鲫ȭ
ʱҶ뿪Ǭ֮Ծ˽ͫѪʨӴ֮ϣϵغȭŽͫѪʨԴơ
໣
ͫѪʨʹһʨβһҶ硣
Ͽռ䣡
ۿҶ类ʨβУͻȻʩչռӲԼĿռ䣬ǿеֵʨβĹ
ʩչ鲫ȭŽͫѪʨԴµܼĹӲͫѪʨ޴Դ䵽ϡ
ս̬
ƲϵؼأͫѪʨŭˣ˦Ҷʱ仯ǿս̬µһֱΣҶ˵


1577 
ͫѪʨϹ֣ս̫뺷ˣ
Ҷû뵽ͫѪʨ۱ʯشսȻеһ˿֡
ʫʫƷ쾧߼Ʒ쾧𣿡
ԶﲻæƵļ٣òսʫʫѰ
УһżƷ쾧һƷ쾧սʫʫ˵ͷ
̫ˣƵĻŭţ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫʫʫܽϵļƷ쾧Ʒ쾧ܰɱǽͫѪʨ
ãû⣡
Ʒ쾧Ȼ󣬵ȴ޷ټսʫʫ붼û룬ͽļƷ쾧Ʒ쾧˳͸Ƶ
ܣ
õ㹻ʯƵٻԼĽܣƷ쾧Ʒ쾧ȫڽ˽С
ˣ
ں㹻ܵʵڽ׿Խ˵۾磬ս
գ֮䣬ܵսﵽǵۣµϢսʫʫɴ۾
Ľ㣬ʲôȼĿܣôô
սʫʫʵ췭ظ仯ĽܣԾʵ
Ҳ֪ҺͳڻԵɺµõģƵ˵û͸¶崫С
ȥɱֻʨӣ
ƵһƷ鵶˽ܣ
鵶ܽ֯ųĽƣ˽ͫѪʨµĵâݹأһͫѪʨն˳ȥӴһصۣ¶˰׹ǡ
໣
ڽܳˮĹ£ͫѪʨԽԽأķȴ޷˺ֺܷԽԽŭµʨ춯أþòɢ
ʥ䣡
ȫѹƽͫѪʨʱҶ罫ݵ£ʥܹͫѪʨϵ䱬ǿ塣
ԽԽأͫѪʨ⣬ҪͻΧ뿪
ϴ󣬲ҪˣͫѪʨڵѪ󣬶洦󣡡
ŽͫѪʨҪܣɤӴ
ģܲˣ
˵ţҶٻ˱֮ľƻľϵر󣬱仯һΡߴĹľ׹˽ͫѪʨ
䣡
أ޿ɱܵĽͫѪʨľУӴһ£˵ϡ
һ̣ɫƿ˽ͫѪʨУǿжѹ
໣
⵽ľѹͫѪʨ˾ŭ
κ̫أ޷ѻľѹ
һ𹥻Ǻɱ
ʱҶ纰Ƶˣһ𹥻˽ͫѪʨʨͷ
Լһʱ󣬽ͫѪʨӴʨͷҶ˺ˣѪɥȪ
ɱأ
ŽͫѪʨʬҶ糤һ
սʫʫæֻǿлܻɱ
磬Ѫʨɿճ棬ͫѪʨʬ͸ˣȥھ
Ҷûеʱ䣬ѳھԼŶŮǰ˽ͫѪʨϢĵضѰҴ˵еľ
ض
ҶٶȼǱǧףȻûǱͷоеԽԽŨоض
Լʱ䣬Ҷ˵ضһǿĿռסˡ
ƽ𽣻꣬ƣ
Ҷһƽ𽣻ƳĻ꺣ӳŴĿĽ⣬ǣ̺ǿϢĽơ
ǣ
ڻƽ𽣻깥£Ͻвѿһ޴Ѻۡ
ߣǽȥ
Ҷ籬ʮڽӲ˺ѿѺۣŶŮߵ˵ضͷ
Ҷٻö¹ʯӳڵĿռʱһ׶ߣҶƬɫθĹľ
θҶѰҵľ
찡ѵ
ǰ׶ߣɢǿϵĹľսʫʫ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫû뵽ﲻžһȾľ
Ҷ磬֪ҪеҪսʫʫҧһ촽˼ҲմҶǱˣҿ͸Ʒʥٽȫø㡣
ԣ
ҵսʫʫοΪ˻ɱͫѪʨĹˣټƷʥҶƵãʮʹشӦ
ллҶ磬һˣ
սʫʫû뵽ҶʹʹӦˣ§ĸ첲м˵óƷʥ͸ǡ
ҶƵҲûпƷʥ
ѽǵĹԽɱ˽硣
߰ɣȥժշǾ
˵ţҶŶŮؿھɭ֮ϵľ


1578 ľ
ǣ
Ҷ˿ʱͻȻоµĵ
һ綾һĺɫƳ˼Ӳĵ棬ҶˣǿĻᡣ
ƽ𽣻꣬ƣ
⵽ɫҶƻƽ𽣻նȥ
ɻƽ𽣻꣬ĹƷʥնϮĺɫʱȴնһҶΪ⡣
ƵսʫʫĹһûϡ
һӣ뵽Σ֮С
Σʱ̣ں˼Ʒ쾧ʹƷ쾧սǵǵ۵Ľܳˣֳ鵶һնһյĵâ˿ռ䣬һҶ˵
ʥ
Ҷȼպ֮ѪʥݵµĴͼڽʥУһʥڰһļۣ˾
С࣬ƾҲ˺棬Թķϰɣ
׳ϸֳһŲϵףϣʥϣӲʥ
ǿ̫ǿˣʵԱȽͫѪʨҪǿ󡣡
ǿ󳬳ҶϣҶȴ£һٻ˻ľƻľ˾
⣬ʲôľ
оľ̺Ļ֮ᵽŨŨΣϢ˵
ľ
ȻľȳڵľСһЩľϾǿľ֮һҶȫʵƾ
¡¡
ľϮҡӴڣγϣغŻľҪ顣
Ҫԥȫ
ץסľĻᣬҶٻԵıʩչǿطͨȫ
Ҷȫ£֮ϱɢľϵĹһɫ룬˾顣
ǣ
ľƿ壬ǿ֮Ƴ˻ҵĵ棬ƾջһ׳ƣŹҶˡ
ܣֵ
ɭֵ£ɵʵھ٣Ҷ˲Ӳֻýȫ
䣡
Ϯ֮ݺݵײڽϣµֱ˽ʮ֮һӲײѿϸСѺۡ
ÿµĹ
Ҷܵķʥ˲֪ټ壬֮һײͽײѣ֮εȵĿ¡
ʥ䣡
֮ʱҶһ֮ݵ£ٵʥ֮塣
ҶΧ֮ʱƴɫƿӲĵ棬˻ľҪƽľУɵ֮
ľȻδȫɳҲǾƻģһĸ޷ƽľС
ľɫ룬ȴƽ䣬ֱӹ顣
һ鱻𣬾ȫʧȥս׸
赣ħ֣֮¯
Ϊ˿֮Ҷ粻ϧ۵ٻһ˵ļƷʥʥ͵Ĺ
ټսʫʫٻһƷʥͷһ㣬ǿս­ǣԼƵʩչնħɲһеķ񹥻֮ĹԽܵ˺ԽԽС
ã߽
Ҷֳսʫʫʥں˻ƽ𽣻꣬նݻŲãһն˲Ѻ۵֮Ӵϡ
ڻƽ𽣻꼫£µĲãֱ֮֮Ӵ
ţսʫʫս­ǣһҧ֮صĸӲӴҧһ޴ȱڡ
ץס֮صĻᣬҶʥƵܣսʫʫħҲͬһʱ乥
˿ը͹£֮ӱӲϡ
Ǭɣ
֮ǺöڽǬǬռԡ
ҶǬɹһ֮ʱľҲսУռ˾Եƣƽе벻ϵع飬뾡취ɱ
ƽ𽣻꣬飡
׳ϸֵĲʹʱҶƻƽ𽣻˹ȥǿ˼Ӳ壬ľž顣
ڻľͻƽ𽣻˫ع£ԽԽأձɱˡ
ʧȥ飬ʱֹͣ˹
ʫʫˣ֮Ҿˣ
Ҷһٻ˻ľͻƽ𽣻꣬Ե֮
ллҶ磬Ľ㣡
սʫʫм˵ս˾ΧƵһöǬָС
ˣûʲôмֵĶˣ߰ɣ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪˲Ѻۣʱݵĵضصɽ֮С


1579 Ӱս
֮
Ҷһ˳뿪˾ɭ֡
УҶ粻ժ˳һǧٶõֵ󣬿ԪľսʫʫõƷʥ
ҪǣޣѪʨɿճ˴ʥ޾ѪȫʼһǵȼҶԱ֮
Ҷ磬Ľ㣬̫лˣûǣҲ޷õпɥھɭ֣лᣬȥսսңҴǹս򣡡
õ˾սʫʫֱ͸ǶһöѶ̣ǱǶˣҪԦʥ뿪
ȵȣ
ͻȻҶսʫʫߣһץסỬС֣¶֮ɫ
ôҶ磬ʲôˣ
ŽץԼСֵҶ磬սʫʫ¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ
Σգٽɭ֣
Ҷ統ϣҪսʫʫƵصɭжء
˼û뵽㾹Ȼֱܷ۵Ĵڣ
һ̹ǵͻȻһɫۣĿߴںڳ趯˫ǿħӳڰС
ֵ˲䣬һɹѹӿ壬һΡĸɽѹҶˡ
ÿµħѵħħۣ
ǰĺӣҶһļµĸоָоֻԱڤ֮ʱŻ
ǰ֮˵ʵԶ籱ڤ֮Ҷµħ۸֡
ۣô
ڰеĺӣսʫʫɫ䣬鲻Խһ
ʫʫ㲻ýţûж⣬˺㣬ֻȥħͶѣ¶ŵЦݣɫ΢΢Щ԰׵սʫʫ
ҲȥħģսʫʫǿӲ˵ϵİ취
ɲ㣡
Į˵ҪսʫʫɱҶˡ
Ҷ磬Ľ㣬ǲҪң뿪ɱǵģսʫʫ֪۵ֶΣߴٵ
ģɱǣ
ҶźۣԥҪҪǿлħĨɱۡ
֮ʣһֻˣ·һеƳ˺۵壬Ϣץսʫʫ
ܣֵ
ƵҶһۣսǵ۵Ľӭȥ
һְ½նݺݵϣµĽҪѡ
ϾϣԶҲ˴
ͫһѹһƣµâֱӽܴӰѹҳһӡ
Σգٳ
Ǳ㵽һԵҶ磬ħҪѡ
ۣ۸ս幫ǲ̫սˣ
ûħѣһԶŮԶԶش
һ̣һõĲӰƳգЯžս⣬սʫʫߡ
Ӱս񣡡
ɫףİ͹£͸űŮӣɫ΢䣬ոյʱʧ
ÿµϢӰսȻ뱱ڤ֮һĸ֣
ͻȻֵĽŮӣҶĴ𣬿˵Ӱսǿĸ֣ȼĸ֣ǬҲûá
úúãҸӰսһӣһݻ뿪
ߣߵ𣿡
Ӱս̤һռ䷢˾춯صı仯µս籬Ļɽ͸ռ䣬γսΣֱӽ档
ӰսսѵҪҺħѲɣ
ȻħۣӰս֮ʵ̫󣬿˵Ӱսոջߵĺͯһ
ôսħ壿ӰսԵ˵ħҪսսսǣ¿һˡ
˵ţӰսгһ޵еսһնռ·һֳ룬նɫޱĺۡ
֮ʣ۲ϵؽһ˵ĵƽеֵ
κΣӰսʵֲ̫һնķƲϱն
Ȼ÷ƵֵʱܿһȻһˣ²Ѻۡ
ȵȣҪɱңֻҪϷŹңԸӦκε
֮ʣۿʼģӰսһ
Ͼʿڼƣħ۵˸ָɱеŬ̡
ʫʫܲӰսش͸ң
ʶۿµʵҶɻԽƵͷܿƺۣͲôħˡ
ԣ
սʫʫ¶˲֮ɫһҶ磬Ӱս
ӵսʫʫӰսüͷ΢΢һ壬һڴʧɫĺǰ͵Ĺ
ʮһ̯࣬Ѫĺ۵˵ϣһĻ˹ȥ


1580 ۳
л
ŵѪУԲѵĺۣҶаϲӰսһм˵
Сħ۷֣һֻȻ̤뵽һǵҪϵܣȰòҪǻһǵʵһָܽѹ
ӰսϤҶĿģĮѵ
ףһСĵأҶ˵ͷ
ʫʫ뿪սʱ̫ˣ߰ɣӰսûж˵սʫʫߵ
Ҷ磬Ľ㣬ˣǶౣأʱһսң
Ȼʶʱ䲻սʫʫĽҶ˵ѣ˵
ãлһȥսģҶ˵ͷ
߰ɣ
ӰսֱӶһ£һɿµ쫷磬սʫʫ뿪ˡ
ɻԣ
ӰսսʫʫߣҶóһɻԣ˺Ѫϡ
һ̣ɻԿٵ䶯˳źѪֱ߿ףĻ꺣Уʳʹʶ
ʵǿ˵£סɻԵʴܿ죬ɻԿʶҶ罨Ӧ
ˣ
ͨ˲䣬Ҷ¶˵Цݣ˺ۣƮ˵˽ָѩٲ֪ôҶ粻ú
߰ɣǻȥ
ҶһԲѵĺսǬУٻȺʱʥɺףԼٶƮڷȥ
Լʱ䣬Ӱսش뵽ȻԵĺˡ
ԼʶʱǬз˲ʵŭ
ôģ
۵ŭҶһǬУŭڵĺۣ˵
ɱң
ŭҶ磬ǿӲ˵޷ܱһԼСٱ˿ơ
ô㣬ôɱ㣿ҶЦЦ˵Ҳòģ꣬Ҿܳɳĳ̶ȡ
ƾ㣿۲м˵
ۣҴȥһˣ
Ҷûжѿ࣬ħ˯ĵط
⡭ħ
ɽһ㣬ڵ˯ħ۵ɴ˫ۣˡ
ͨħɢϢ۸оСĸоһָоǰħʵ²Ⱥħ峤
ۣĸԸңΪ£ڴһݻԵͻƵħ֮Ҷ׳һ֦
ġ۾һ
ͻħ֮׷󣬵ʮ̤һѡ
㿴ʲô
Ҷһó֮
ǡ֮˵е֮
֮ʱԺиֳΰϢɴ˫ۣ𾪵˵
֮Ҷ˵ͷǧ֮꣬ˡ
ģ
һҶ磬ǧɻȡͻħ磬ȫԽܡ
ֵƭĵط𣿡Ҷѱ˵ǧ֮㻹ǵ֮ûʸߣȻָɡ
ãԸ⳼ǧ꣡
ֱ޷ģҲûѡ񣬶ǧʱԽܣͬˣҶеõ֮
ˣɣҪұٻ㣡
˵꣬Ҷ뿪ǬĨȥʥɺ׵ĴʶԦƮڡ
ͬʱĺѩɸȴ˾
ûһϢ𣿡
ɫѩŸոշĺѩɸĵӣͳ˵
ѩһֶӣұۣ½ӰļƻɼӵӰ졣
οѩһһͬʧʮӣһ£Ⱥܲˡ
ûУûھɭָһʦǣȴھɭֱԵ˴򶷵ĺۼǰȥĺѩɸӻֵ̿˵
򶷵ĺۼѩüͷšһ𣺡ǹ۲죬ʲôսۼ
Ƿֱ治ɭΧ淢ݣһ蹵в£ǲҿĺѩɸ
ѵһãײּսⶾ֣뵽еĿܣѩɫԽԽ
Ҷ磬Ƶǻ𣿡ѩһסĵŭʵ
ûУҲûлĺѩɸӵ
ģô£ѩԽԽջЩѩһǰȥɱҶˡ
ϢѩԺʱһĺѩɸ˽ոеӿҶƵԦɺ׻ˡ
ʲôѩɫһԺиֳһǲŵͷߣȥѩɸ󡣡
˵ţɫˮѩٻʥ޽ӥԦǰ˱ѩɸʦ


1581 ƿ
ڻˣ
Ҷվɺ֮ϣԡƺ֮еıѩɸ¶˵Цݡ
ȥɭ֣ҶջлҪ󣬲ժ˳һǧٶõƷʥʶս幫
Ҫǣշһħۼ޸֣к˺ָ
磬ƵǿˣҶոշرѩɸɫĻĺϪͳڰԺЩֵ˵Щȥˣ뿪ƮΪβ˵һ
˼ʦ㣬Ǻ±˸٣ûи˵ҶǸ˵
߰ɣʦҪǣҴȥѩ󣡡
ϪҶƽûǣǰѩƮıѩ
ʦҽǴˣ
߽װ쳣µıѩ󣬺ϪϥһѩƮһ
磬ƵЩӣȥˣѩƮ컺յ˫ǿ֪뿪ƮǺεȵΣգڴµõ˫У˶š
˼Щȥһ˾ɭ֣
ȻѩƮ컰𱸣ȷǹģҶһů˵
ɭ֡ǽ˾ɭֵ񣡡ѩƮ¶֮ɫ
ʮɭֵĿ£ɭʥ޳ûипµʥޣ켶ʥޣɭҲѻų
ţھɭ˽飬˳ժһЩ˻Ҷ˵ͷ˵
Ҷ磬ĵʵ̫ˣѩƮֵȻ½֮ӣͬ½磬впܶԺ󲻵ٺˡ
Ǹ´λעģҶ˵ͷ
ʦܣĴӾɭժ˾ϪһԽӻ
ţժһǧһ
Ҷ˵ͷ˽һٶ
һǧһѩƮ죬Ϫɵõһ
һ൱һǧ׶ȣһǧһٶ൱һһʮ׶ȣЩףȥƮڶһˡ
ѩƮ챻Ҷ˵ջסʱʮǿϢˣ䵽ѩ⡣
ţѩʲô
ѩƮüͷ΢΢һ壬оѩǺ¡
ѩƮ죬ôĵӣµӲɱĺѩɸˣ֪
ɱڵѩ߽ѩ󣬱ɨһҶˣȸ״
ѩ⻰ʲô˼ѩƮüͷ΢΢һ壬ɫݵ˵
㻹װɵѩջ˵㣬һǼǲ˸ɵġ
ѩһˣѩƮɫ΢΢һ䣬ˡ
ѩһųѩһһţ츳ʵ֮ϣѩСķ粨
͹ԹԸ˵ʵĲǣѩ۾˸׶ĹâҶˣͱ˵ңһǵǲйء
ǣ
Ҷ˵ͷʹĳϵ
硭
ѩһеѩƮ죬Ҷˣһæ
ѩһĺѩɸҪһѩȷѩһҶйأŹҶˡ
ѪծǾѪɣ
ѩҲû뵽Ҷϣ¶֮ɫɭȻ˵
ѪծѪ⻰ʲô˼Ҷȵ˵һʦǵľˣûǣûǡ
磬׷ʲôѩƮϵɻŨˣŪ«ʲôҩ
һʦΪ˾ǣħɱģ
Ҷ罫뵽˵ǵ˳ѩһ˵ԼľˣἺΪ˵ľ
һɺԣ
Ҷ署ѩķζըˣʮҶû˵ʵѩһǡ
ǻһʦǵƷʣŭյѩҶʵ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪƱ磬ҿԺܿ϶ǣһǱɱģѩеŭ
Ҷһ֣ȴļƻһʮֱľС
Ϊ˿϶أҶ練ʵ
㡭
ѩԺͷ޷ϣѩһȥɱҶ˵ģҶҧţѩһǾǶԼеٿĪ硣
ѩȥɭֽΪһҲͬһʱھɭ֣㵽ҪʲôѩƮ˶ɣɫ˲ջ˵
ôֻȥɭֽһǾͲ𣿡ѩջ˵
˵û˭ܽӾɭֵ񣡡Ҷ˵ͷһʦΪǶܣҾбҪѩ빬ΪһʦӻعʦĻɣҲùȥһ£ʱ֪һûнˣϾǽҪǼǵġ
㡭
ѩ֣Ҷ绰дԼףȥ飬ѩһǲܰпܶɲӰ졣
úúãһǵ˽ˣԻᱨ˭ɡѩֽĴԼٴȥҲû塣һݻҪ뿪
ɱһʦֵǺħĺۣ۵ʵħۣȰǲҪԱΪã⵱ڻң޹ʶҶ翴ƺĵѵ
ˣûֵκα˵ѩǿŭ뿪ˡ


1582 ӻ
磬ѩһǺħɱģ
ѩŭ뿪ѩƮӡסʵ
ҺСӵʵпܻɱѩһ𣿡ҶЦЦʵ
磬ѩһѩֶӣѩһţһѩȻ󲨣ѩƮ˵ѩһǷйϵѩὫƵϣһʱ䣬һҪ͵ǧҪٸ˽뿪ѩɸˡ
İɸǻСĵأҶЦЦ˵˸㡣
˵ţҶǬóһɢ˿˿УݸѩƮ졣
װģǼֵɹľ
ʲô
ѩƮüͷ΢΢һ壬УһŨ֮ѩƮ쾫ɵһ
Ҳ֪ʲôҾԸӦã
űӴת𾪣תɼѩƮ죬ҶЦЦ˵
Ǵ˵еľѩƮϸһ¾ϳ㵽ôõġ
ս͸ҵģҺСڻԵɺ£ս幫Ҷ罫õ˵ǵ˳
磬֪ļֵ˵ļֵһƷʥҪ󣡡ѩƮһסĵ𾪵㻹ԼŰɣԺд
Ҳǰ׸㣬ȸͻƵǵ۾磬ѩ֮λÿҺСһЩ׶ȾУҶѩƮΪѩŽޱľ͸
⡭
Ӧѩù֮λĺѩɸûˣ̸ʲôδҶֱ׵˵
ãһȫѩ֮λģ
ѩƮҶ磬⣬һ
ѩѩ֮λѩɸ֣֮˵ѩɸȫϵϣ˾ѩ֮λļʽ
ȻȥˣҶûڱѩôǱѩƮ죬뿪˱ѩ
ǶûлصԺٻһֻʥɺףԦǰ
ţǾȻţ
Ҷ˸ո߽һͻȻҶ˶С
ţ뿪˾ɭ֣
ŵǵֵŮӣҶ絭˵
ܲܳɹܻ뿪ɭ־ǳɹȼĻҲϳҶˣͳ˵
ʯϣþƾǶ˵ʵɭ𣿡
ǰҿھɭΧתתͱŻˣ
ѩɭֵĿ£в𼶸ɥھɭ֣Ҷ˸С
ŮȴôΪΪҶ񣬼пժ˾
ʯϣǴӾɭժ˾
ҶûΧӵһöǬָݸʯϡ
ժ˾ʯһҶ磬¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ʯϽ͸Ǭָʱ⵽׻ֱµˡ
㣬ǵôģЩժģ
ʯϲҶݸǬУȻһǧһ
Ҫ֪ʥ޳ûľɭ֣ҪժһΣأժһǧѶȣ޷
ֽ飬ժЩҶ΢΢һЦ˵֪ЩԶһɹ׶𣿡
ԣȻԣ
عʯϣҶ˵˼ر仯ԼеСˣǾ򵥣ǿеĸ֣ûжʡ
ʯϣǵժ˶پʧ̬ʯϣŮգĵĴ۾ʵ
һǧһ䣡ʯϿЦһҡҡͷ
ʲô
ŮɵˣڳҲɵˣЩ˸ΪԼˡ
ľǵ
ʯϣ֪ڿɷ񽫹׶ȸǣ
˵ˢˢļԼϣҶ鲻䣬˵
ãǵƸң
ʯϵ˵ͷùҶ˵ƣзֱעʮ׶ȡ
лʯϣˣ
˳õ׶ȣҶûоô뿪󣬼Ԧɺǰ˱¥
һۼӣܰҲѻô๱׶ȣ׶Ǻεȵľˡ
ѡҶڱ󣬷ֱżֵߵĶƷʥһƿϴӵĴˮΪ߾׼
߰ɣȥǣ
˻ʮ׶ȶһ˴ĶƷʥûжһƷʥֱַӻ˶ʮ֣뵽ƮڶأſѹǣгһĿޡ


1583 ѩƮʧ
ǣƮڶʥأƮʩչͨǿһǳӡƮ
ĺôԶƮҲƵӽҪĴĹ׶ȣҶƵ㣬һʱָ
꣡
ֱ˶ʮ֣Ҷͨ󣬽뵽С
ո̤ǣҶоһɽĿռѹµٲݺݵѹϣһ
Ҷ̫ǿؼѨϵڽ鲼ȫ׵ֵסΧĿռѹ
߰Сӣȥ
ԽǺģռѹԽ󣬲ĺôҲԽԣ˳ŴӲãѹµĿռѹһȥ
ԼĸʱƵЩܲסǵĿռѹ忪ʼòͣ˽ŲҵһƧĵطʼչ

ҶһѨڳڽĿռѹѹ£ԼٶǺȥ
ʲôûпɣп񱼣
찡Ʈʲôʱһ
Ǳ޵Ʈڵӣһ̶ƿѣǿһģӰпʱ¶˲˼֮ɫǰһĻ
Ҷ缫ٿʱоѹµĿռѹʮڽƷʥǿҵķӦһʱ䣬ڼ롣
ţǺˣܳ
ҶѰ֮ʱһǿҵ겨ĶС
±ѩɸӣ
˳ԴҶ翴ԶԼһɫضУһ񳾰ֵӰ˵
ѩɸӣ֪˭ˡضеӰͻȻ˽յ˫͸ѹҶ磬Į˵ȴиɫƮ콣ˡ
˵꣬˲֪¸ֱ۾˵
ֵͨҶ约±¶ԵĴڣûäĿĸֵ֪ʵԶԶһۣųʮڽĿռѹлƶܵԶ
ԼʱӵܣɲҪ鷳
ʱҶһ˵ҵһΪ俪ĵض˽ȥ׼ʼһʱıչء

ҶһϢó̵ֱ˶Уתɻٵ
ܵǿѹȣͷŵ޷Ҷ壬Ҳĺô
ʱһȥҶųʮڽĿռѹһẉ̂Ϊһǵ׼
˴Լһʱ䣬ҶʮǵޣڽɫǴﵽĳ̶ȡ
оʱ죬Ҷóһǿԣ˺žƿȫһǵ۾硣
ҶƵЩӣѩȴŴʡ
ԣѩƮ첻Ԫ˳ͻƵ˶ǵ۾磬ñѩɸ¼ѡ
ѩƮͻƾûãѩɸһ߽Ʈ콣䣬ǴƾͻƵһǵۡ
һӣѩɸѹʧȥѩһĺѩɸ󣬸ѩƮ쿴˼̳ѩ֮λϣ
ĺѩɸϲһƬʱѩͻƵǵ۾磬ΪƮڵĳϣճѩһְ
ΪѩƮЯڵķͷӲѹѩΪѩ֮λʱѩ֪úεȷ˵ѩվԼ̳ѩ֮λ
һǵõѩһ峤Ʈѩͬ⣬ѩƮȫʧơ
ôʦѩϼ̳ѩ֮λԸλ֮Իᱨǵģ
ѩɸڱѩɸΧѩƮߣӦԵİ취
ֻ·ߣҪô뿪ƮŻҪôѡ񳼷ѩƮҲѩֶΣ˵
ʦȻѩһǣ뿪Ʈڰɣ
һϯˮɫȹһ˪ǿƵ˵
뿪
뵽뿪ĺѩƮҲԥ
ȻͻƵǵۣͻƵһǵۣʵ̫ˣԱѩɸʵӦΣգûƮӻпܼٶȡ
ҪҪҸָһ·
ѩƮԥƻʱһϷʵ˱ѩУһϮɫۣڰ֮ɫѩʤߵ̬˫֣һ˵ˡ


1584 һǵ
ѩ
ͻȻѩѩƮüͷšһԺвͷ
ѩƮ죬ʶһķϣҸָ·ɡѩ˵ҶƵңȻ㣬ϪҵŮˣҾͷŹѩɸ󡣡
룡
ѩ߶ʱŭˣһĽֳƷʥˮʥѩ
ˣ
һѩѸٵָһޱȵĽâݺݵصˮʥϣǿķ֮͸ˮʥֱУӲ˻ȥ
ǵ۷壡
ѩƮͫһû뵽ѩȻҲʵﵽ˶ǵ۷壬ָͱߡ
ߣξˣٷҶ㲻ѩз۾޵׵Ȼ㳤òܷҵĿζ㲻һǻִݻġ
𣿡
ѩľ棬תƮ콣Ҫ
סߣѩƮһץסߵĸ첲£һнҡ
ǣʦ
ѩƮϵߺݺݵҧһ촽ˮʥĬĬƵһߡ
ѩƮ죬֪ҸոӦ𣿡ѩ¶ʤߵ̬ѩƮӺݻ׵
ӦѩƮҡҡͷԥܾϷŹĺѩɸҿŮˡ
ʦ
ѩƮĻߵ˶ʱˣ
ұ죬˭ڶ˵һ仰ұؽѩɸ󣡡ѩƮľ
ѩƮ죬ҵθڿûôСȻ㳤òбһ죬Եƾһˣҷѩɸ󣡡ѩؿѩƮʮӣ¶˿Цݵ
ټأ
ɫȹֵĺϪҧһ촽վ˳
ǲѩҡҡͷѩƮ죬Ҹʱ俼ǣ㲻һĴ𸴣Ҽ̳ѩ֮λѩɸ󿪵
ɷݼ죡ѩƮе裬ҧ촽
԰ֻҪһĺѩɸ󣬰źˣҿԿһʱ䣬Ǻúÿǡѩ΢΢̣Ϸʵ˵

߿ѩϵѩƮ죬ҲƲסеŭٻˮʥѩ͵Ĺ
ס֣һĽâѩѩƮͻȻǰĹѩֻ𸴣ˡ
ߣס仰ҷһѹ£֪ðҵ³ѩĿؿߣ˿Ļת뿪ˡ
ʦǽִ󣬿ѩôճϪҧ촽ŭ˵
԰꣬⼸ȥݷѩһ峤˼ô˵ѩƮ̾Ϣһ
ĺѩɸΪѩ̳ѩ֮λ뵽޴֮ʱҶƵʱУȴȡʵԵͻơ
ʮһŶƷʥƵѹ£˳ͻƵǵ𾳽硣
ҶǿԣͻһǵҲһ֮ң
Ʒʥ
ҶһóһŶƷʥ̵˶УƷʥҩϵسžƿ
Ȼ۾ƿޱȣھͶƷʥҩ£ϵسѺۡ
ƶһδγ£һɹɸǿĵ͸ƿѺۣ壬ǿʵ
ֹʱ䣬Ҷоʱˣ˶Ʒʥȫҩˣһٳ˾ƿﵽһǵ۾硣
˾ƾնԪ㹻ڹؼʱ̣ʩչӻˡ
ͻˣ
оһڽսʮ౶࣬Ҷ¶˵Цݡ
һʱ仹ʱ䣬Ҷ粢׼뿪ǣ׼ǺģǿĿռѹ壬졣
ˣ
Ҷž޴ѹһǺнʱǵٴδĶС
ºܹעңҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ػӦ
㲻ҪᣬֻǡɷأҪһ¶ѣĺѩɸˣƮʦʧȥѩ֮λ
ʲôʱ£Ҷüͷһƣе̬ԡ
ǰ£֪ƮʦпܻѳƮڣ
ɷң˭ҶԺͷ
˭ҪҪǣҲϣƮʦ£ȻϿɣҲ԰Ʈʦƽ鷳
˼׳Ʈ콣䣡Ҷ˲˱˼
ѩһͻȻ֧ѩܿǳƮ콣ϾƮҲֻһƷʥƮ콣˭ۺ죬׳Ʈ콣䣬ɽƮʦ֮Σ
л棡ճ綨𡣡
˵꣬Ҷûоôſµѹһ뿪ǣصΣеıѩɸ


1585 
ʦľˣ
ѩƮķ䣬ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףصѩƮ죬ʵ
ҿ޷Ҳ뿪Ψһѡ񣡡ѩƮһ¶ĵ
ʦ˳뿪Ʈ𣿡̾ϢһȻѩһ뿪һָо²򵥡
ǰҲĵģѩһô뿪أ
ѩƮǰȥݷѩһ峤Ȼûмˣȴõѩһ뿪ƮڵĳŵѩƮо´͸Ź죬ԽԽġ
ʦʦܻˣ
ѩƮʱϪҶķС
һǵ𣡡
Ҷһ˲䣬ѩƮоľʵ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
̶ʱ䣬ǵʥͻƵһǵͻƾٶȼƮ¼
˼ô鷳Ҷ翴㲵ѩƮ죬Ǹ˵
ⲻ£ûãûѩ
ʶҶ羪˵츳ѩƮҶӵֻҪҶ㹻ʱ䣬ܳһ꺳ľľ
ŵùңѩɸ鷳ͽҰɣұ֤ⳡΣѩʳҶŵҲ뿪Ʈڡ
磬а취ΣѩƮüͷһƣԾҶ
У
Ҷ˵ͷӹɵ˵
磬ѵҪ׳Ʈ콣䣿ѩ˵
иõİ취Ҷҡҡͷʱ䣬һѩڼ̳ѩ֮λʱ䵽Ԩ

ʱһš
УҶÿϹѩܵΧε
٣ͱѩƮ죬ѩ֪Ϊûκεľٶֻι䣬ûҪʲô
ڣѩ̳ѩ֮λӣһ죬ѩ쳣֣ѩһ峤ѩ⣬ѩϸ߲ϤѩƮ˿һ˿̵ϣ
ʦ˵Сʦܻʲô취ŤתǬѩ̳أϪԴҲ벻ʱҶ绹ʲôİ취
Ҳ벻ų磬˵֮ˣ³ŵӦѾӦԵİ취Ǿɣ
ѩƮҡҡͷɫƳۣųڣϲɫ׼̳ѩ֮λѩ˵
ҶһѩܵԽʱɫۣ˫޻ףһƳ׵ߣһѩһĸ߲㣬߳ܵѩһ飬նѩΪѩ֪λ𣿡
ãȻλûѩΪѩΡ
ллڴģһѩ󣬾ѩһ
ѩĵļϥأӹѩĹƣĵ
츳ǷģеأѩλϣǵһЩһԴΪأϹѩļ
ϹĻ
ѩ˵ͷУȴѩƮ̡
ѩҰһʱһõӰںڹУͻȻѩܵ⡣
ѩô磡û뵽۽յȻײ̳ѩ֮λڹĮ˵ѩ㲻׼뱾ȱ𣿡
󵨣ǺˣôƮڡ
Ȼѩоڹӵʵѩһ߲η壬һ
ôƮ̶Ѩã
ڹӰԵ˵ϵ̤Ӳĵ棬һѩ
ħˣ
оڹɢĿֲħϹüͷ΢΢һ壬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ںħ壡ڹӿ˵
ħôѵħѩг𣿡Ϫ˼ѩƮ죬˵
֪ǼȥҲ֮б䣡
ѩƮͳ˵Ժһ˼ͷ
ħ壡ѩüͷĸˡ
ѩҪװɵˣԹԽ֮ҲƮӣڹӿų˼еѩԵ˵
£ǲϴˣһʱ䣬û뿪Ʈڣô㶫ѩᵽһ˿ѰϢоڹӳֵе죬
Ҿ֪㲻ϣȻǾͱֱˣ
˵ţһֻƳ˺ڹ⣬ݻſµĵ⣬ץѩ
һץΪ֮ɫµĺڹַ·һأѩΧĿռ䣬ɫޱ䣬ݵȫ
ѩȻǶǵ۷֣ڹ֮ʵ̫Ĺ޷ƿĺڹ֣źڹץס
Σʱ̣ѩһֳˣһӳأ·׹䷲ǣںڹ֣˴֣ȳΪǱѩ
ѩ۵ĶҲȲ㣡
˵ţڹһֿµħ̣ħз·ħɫѩȫ


1586 ۵ǿ
ħ۷壡
оڹӵʵѩһڸɫ䣬ѩ¶˾֮ɫ
Ʈڲ򶥼ֻǵ۷֣ڹӴɱ䣬Ҳֹֻܳ
£Һԩ޳Ϊңѩǿеľ壬˵
㣿ڹһǾñۺģǧܵƮݺ㣿
ûе£ûøµĶ
ѩķ񣬵ȴ޿κΣֻܲסı⡣
ͷϣڹɱȻ˵Ȼñûر۵Ķɡ
ȵȸ£¸Ʈڼ棬ڸµĶұ֤ԭⲻó
ɫۣϲΧﵽǵ۵ѩһվ˳˵
ϣҿǷûѩץ񣬲ϵر⡣
ʱ˿̣ûж˿ڹӾԵ޹ǰҪοԺڹӵʵӦòԩѩ
ѩ㲻͹ԹԽһʱõıóϷ㲻
ѩһϸе̬أƮڵʵﲻħ壬ŭħ壬Ʈڴ֮֡
ϣǱԩģ
ѩȹϵϣոյҰģոյĿʧеֻǱͿ־塣
֣ʧԶӭ£
ھƽţڹɢɱԽԽŨʱһԶ
ɫۣͲɢŵ֮⣬һƽ͸оƮţ̤һƳˡ
ǰģƮϵ峤
ţãڵƮڴɱ䡣
ڹʧɫۣɢŨŨħͶ䶼ر仯ĺ۰Ե˵
֣֪ʲôֻҪ˵һ㣡䵽ѩߣƽ˵
˵
Ҹ֪ʲôûмλ峤Ϊףѩе̬أĹ˵ϣ
֣˵ʲôʱ飬֪һʱ䣬δ
ȻͱˣȻ¶Цݣ˵
ţӦ۵ƢûôйǶѿࡣҼȻ϶˾Ͳԩ۲͵˵ҪǾһϰɣҪ̣Ʈڵʵ
˵ţбµħͷɭħͷ˲ħòʵõƮڵӷ׷׺󳷣ҿ
֣Ҹоͻħֻһ֮ңɡ
źɢϢҲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
һ꣬۱̤ħ֮
һ۵ľƿѾɶȫĽڶƿͻƵħ硣
ңҿԶ췢ģûǰǰľ
֪۵ʵѩ˵ڵϲϵذ
ոջ緢䵽أ˵Ԥϡ
ţ㲻ƮͿ̿ͽңұ֤һƮʧ۰Եв
֣ҺΪѣ
ѩƮڵӣΣգž۵ʵοħʵǿƮ̫̫࣬ħҪƮڣȷʵֵס
ҪɱҵҪ˭ң
ʧȥģɭħ̱ħݻħ󣬹š
˺󣡡
۵ʵֲ̫ɭħǿһУź˱вһַ߳һߴ
Ʈ׾
һ̤µķ׵ӿ壬ǰγķ׵ӭɭħ̡
䣡
֮ײһ𣬱ſռҵĲµķΣѩǱ㡣
֮ԽԽңҶԳʱͻȻһӰ˺˻籩ڴʧɫƴѩߣһѿסļɽƷ
ң
ѩû뵽ӲŹסԼûֵ꣬Ĵе
ţѩҴˣϣ㲻ҪұƼˣԸ
˵꣬ۻһ޴ӰƵѩƮȥܿʧڻҵУˡ


1587 ѩ֮
ҪҪ׷
ѩһ峤ѩɫ粻ߣʵ
ħǵﲻ𣬶۵ʵֲңȥˣҲͲ̾ϢһܻܲͿԼ컯ˡ
˵꣬ûѩôԦŰƮȻ뿪ˡ
뿪Ʈ峤Ҳûдȥ׷״Ÿ뿪ˡ
ոջޱȵѩʱ壬һϾҪ۷ѩȴ֪⼱תֱµıʣڳһξ֮еĸо
ˣɢ˰ɣѩ֮λպ˵ɣѩϹ˵δ뵽ġ
ѩС
ʦ˵ıʱ볿ʦйأ
ȻҶûȴһָоĻ֮Ҷйء
ߣϪ·ͬСɣǷ볿йأǶἰ£򽫻磬ұѩɸ֣֮ѩƮĶ
ǣʦ֪ˣ߶ͬ
Ϫ磬ңл˵ѩƮ콻
ʦȥСʦܣ
˵꣬߶뿪ˡ
磬㣬Ϊ˵ɺϣѩƮ뵽˼УԽԽе˼
Ʈ뵽ȻʱƮɽУһۺѷֱĺڵ㣬źڵǬ
Ҷ٣ҽѩץˣ
صǬ۽Եѩӵϡ
úܺãɣȡͻƵһħ֮
Ҷ˵ͷѩߣٻ˴ˮϣӻлѡ
㣬ô㣡ѩ˫Ҷʱһ䣬¶ŨŨľ֮ɫѵһеһУ㵷Ĺ
ѩܴҶЦЦ˵ú۽ץģֶѩһҲɱġ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ѩʮ۵Ŀ£޷Ҷ羹ȻָӺ۶ԸԼ
ѩһ֮ˣ֪ôʲôãѲ㻹뵽˾Ȫ֮ȥ״ҶЦһϷʵ˵
Ҷ磬ԭҵĴŹҰɣֻҪϷңԸţ㣡
ѩĺˣΪ˻Ĺ˵ϣϵĵ
ѩʵ̫Լˣƾ㻹䳼ңҶҡҡͷǰ㻹һսɣҲҡ
㡭
ҵޣٲ֣ҲᣡҶ米˫֣°˵
䣡
ѩݵؿһҶ磬ͻȻֽ߹
һУѩʮͻȻ֣νǷʤ
ǬУҶǾԵף۶һĶ֡
꣡
һѺ۵ѩǰҶһֻ˿ռ䣬ֵסѩĹ
һ̣ѩǰͻȻһҶӿʱ٣ǰһȭؿϣ˲䱬ĳʮڽֱӽɣˤʮԶݺݵڵϡ
һǵۣʵ
оҶʵʵѩĲˣû뵽Ҷصôȫ
ѩҲò˵ķϻ̫ˣ
˵ţҶ½һѩ͵Ĺ
䣡
һǬ
ҶǬ֮һδκѩѪģջ˹ȥ
ԣѻ꣡
ԵҶѩѻ꣬ҪͨϤһЩƮڵܡ
ȻһжǳƮ콣
ѻ֮ҶѩԴɫ
ƮûйУΪ˽ܸ٣ҲѩһҲ׸
Ʈڣϣ㲻ҪңҶ
˼⣬ҶһֱǬֱʮȥˣ޴ķ˽ɢȥ뿪Ǭص˱ѩɸ
磬ڻˣʦһֱ㣡
Ҷոշرѩɸ󣬺Ϫڵһʱ֪ˣҶ磬ϪȴĪĲһ˿η
ͨҶʧʮУϪҲ֤ʵ˲ٵĲ²⡣
ھȥ
Ҷ˼ĺϪЦЦ˱ѩݼѩƮ졣
ѩ𣿡
߽Ҷ磬ѩƮ˷䣬ֱֱؿͻȻʵ
Ӧ˰ɣҶЦЦ˵
磬ͬһ磬ָոշҶЩˣѩƮ̾ϢһһҪлл㣬ллΪңΪѩɸһС
ǼģҶЦʵ
ѵ𣿡ѩƮ¶ѵõЦݣӺݻʵ
ûѩѩӦ֮˰ɣҶתƻ
˭ܳΪѩ֪Ϊѩһ峤ѩ֮λϵ˼ʼϣĸ˭ɼãǵĸѩѩƮҡҡͷѩѩһԭǿĺѩɸѾûлᣬѩв


1588 
֪ʲôʱʼҺƵǷʸμ
ҶѩѻʱҲ֪Դ˲ŨȤʵ
һʱ䣬ֻҪûһǧ꣬ﵽ֮ĵӶʸμӡѩƮҪȡúóɼףҵβμӹõĳɼҲ̤ϵĲ㡣
֪ܽһЩ׶ȥǱһ꣬ȡͻƣҶ˼һ˵
ҶȻͻƵһǵ۾磬о򵥣Ҫµʱ䣬һƷʥͻơ
磬Ƹңʮ֣ѩƮʮֿҶʮ֣ԱҶĶ顣
Щ֣㹻ҶƵһʱ䡣
лȥˣ鷳ǵõһʱ֪ͨң
˵꣬Ҷ뿪˱ѩ
Ҷ磬㵽ʲôˣ
ѩƮͻȻоЩ͸Ҷˣ϶ͻȻֵĺ۾йϵ
뿪ѩҶٻһֻɺףҪǰʱһˮɫӰͻȻߡ
ʦ㣬ң
˪˵ߣҶ¶ŵЦݵ
Ҷʦܣлл㣡
¶ѵõЦݣö˵

ҶЦŻӦȻûеƣһоڲС
صǣҶΪƵһʱ䣬̤ѹصǣԼٶǺȥ
˺ԽԽǿĿռѹǺʱǵٴ
Ҷ磬Сֶˣû뵽㾹Ȼħйϵ
ʦΪô˵
Ҷ˱ǵĵضɫƽ˵
ˣ˵ˣҶ磬ӦǷһɡ
ǣʦպзԸֻҪȴҶ˵ͷ
˵һƮ콣أ
Ȼԣ˵ţҶǬȡһŰ׹ѾƮ콣ھӡУͽʦһɡ
˵ţҶˮһöҵķɼųʮڽĿռѹɽ˵ضС
ȫ͸Ʈ콣ˣЩ˵ôң
ҶӡƮ콣ھ֤ȫ͸Ʈ콣䡣
ţȫ͸ˣʵޣҪƮ콣̫ԶҶ˵ͷҽƮ콣ʦ㣬ֻΪû
ѩһӲռ˱ˣѪλʾ͸ɣ
˵ţһӡǿƵĽзҶ硣
ѩһ棡ѩһһš
Ҷѩѻʱ֪ѩһ֣֪ԳƵѩһĴ棬ųѩһһţһǧ꣬ʹﵽǵ۾磬ȳɼ򶼲
һǶ̤磬Ŷ֣ѩһ˵͸׷ϴľġ
ʦ㣬ȥˣ
˵꣬ҶſµĿռѹǺȥ
̤ųصĲһһӡߵǺģżʮڽĿռѹʱֹͣǰص˵ϣóһƷʥ̵˶Уתɻٵ
ƷʥбҩڿµĿռѹѹ£Ʒʥҩûйһ֣ȫѹУٵʵ
ʱһȥ
Ҷżʮڿռѹ˰ʱ䣬һƷʥȫڽ塣
̫ȫƷʥʵһǵ۷壬ȴ޷˺ƿͻƵǵ۾硣
Ҫǰͻƶǵǲˣ
ͻƶǵ۵ѶȳҶ޷ͻƾ磬Ҷֻ˶Σ죬һ
֪Ѫλܲ죡
Ҷ⿪˽нƣһָֻС״̺ͬǿѪ֮Ĳλʡ
ֲλʣѵĴʥ
Ҷѹ򵥵ϢһᣬѪλ̵˶Уתת䣬ٵؽ̺Ѫ֮һλڶ괦ѨУѨɱٶȡ
ԽԽƮڵץס޵ʱ䣬ƴǰͻƾ磬ȡúóɼ
ƵУͻƣ˳ͻƵһǵ۾磬ʵʮ౶
ҶȻûͻƵǵ۾磬ѩһ͸Ѫλʣɹ죬ﵽ˾˵ʮڽǿȿӲƷʥ
ʱˣ
죬Ҷһʱ䣬ʱ䣬ֹͣҵȫһǵ۾Ƶ˫˫뿪ǡ


1589 Ĵ
Ʈ¡أҲʢÿһΣҶƵոռƮڣײòĽǵ
磬Ƶǵôģ̶һʱ䣬ǾȻһǵǵ𾳽磡
оҶ˵ʵѩƮһξвʵĸоȾ˵ٶȣδţδ
֪ҶƵѹ˾磬ʵﵽһǵۣҶսǳ
Ǿÿ죬ΪھɭЩҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ǵͺʵһȡúΣ˵л̤֮ǼѵһͻƵһǵ۾磡뵽ҶصܣѩƮûٶʡ
ҶƵټߣϪˣѩƮо޷ѩɸ档
ֱʵƵ۾һ
ţоŲ㣬ǰвͬȼ꣬ÿɱһ꣬ܵõһƾɱȼԽߣõȼԽߣҵпԽѵһͻƵһǵ۾硣ѩƮ˵ͷ
ʲôأƵ˽⣬ʵ
߲㣬ڰ˲ǵ⿼飬ֱͨ⣬ѵĵھŲ㣬鿼飬ƮʷϣҲֻ̤ھŲ㣬һͨĿ飬õռѩƮ컺ؽ
ռʲôҶӻ
ռֱӹ壬ͨ鿼棬ǿ壬ҹ壬ֱ硣ѩƮ˵λҲΪƮڵһ棬̤˵֮Ʈڷ󡣡
ˣʱˣȥɣ
˵꣬ѩƮٻʮֻʥɺףʮʸĵӣǰƮں
һֻֻɺ״ؽƣɵȺɽʱһûƶˣ֪߶ɵĺɫӡ뵽Ʈر֮һ˲֪µ
ߣȥݷ峤
䵽棬ѩƮҶˣݼѩһ峤ѩ
ƮЯڵӰݼ峤
ѩƮɫۣͷϡɼ˿̴ѩǰ
Ҷ磬ּˣ
ҶѩƮʱһĶС
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷһòںڳɢ˫磬ǵŮӡ
߸˵ĸо䣬Ҷ翴ʱ߻䣬˺ѿĸо
һʦ㣬ãҶ΢΢ЦЦ˵
Ҷ磬һĶ飬˵ˣȷʵҵϣ۴˴ȡúεȳɼҶһݻԵѩĿͶҶ磬ŵ
л峤Ҷɫƽ˵ѩɵö࿴ۡ
ˣ
˵֮ʣ֮ͻȻһ̶Ľһɫ̤һ޽˷ŵо
ӣѩһͫԵһ£Ȼѩһ츳ʵҲɻ䲻ѡ
½棬ƮĶӣųƮڵһţ߰ٶ꣬ǵ۷徳磡
ҶԶԶؿʱߵĶС
Ҷ½ᵽΣϢоԼĿǰʵ͵̣½Ķ֡
½棬ú
˵Ŀⱻ½ʱһը죬֮ǿòʵõĵеӵĶ䱻Ѫ
зƹȣǷһľţȻҲǵ۾磬ͱʦ֣ѩʦ٣˾ŰٶꡣУ˷ǳѲҶʦܾҪͻٴθҶ紫
ʦ㣬һһţѵҲǵ۾磡
һǧ꣬ͻƵǵ۾磬츳Ƕġ
ϪʦСǵ۸֣Ϫʦ츳£˵ڲõĽϪʦƮڵһ֣мͻƵ֮ߴ
ƮûôЩ֮ȫƮڵʵӦܴһء
Ҷû뵽ƮĴĶ츳˵Ŀ£ƮھҪˡ
ʱƣƮĴʸĵӻ룬վûƺȴ
ʱһɫۣƤڣûһ˿߳գɨһ׼ڵӣΪʮʼڵӿɴƷʥ


1590 
¡¡
һĺƮɽд
ߴʮɵİͬʱ򿪣һۻϢ
ߣǽȥ
ѩһһѩһһȣ֮ڵһʱ
Ҷ˽û뵽ʧ
䲻꣬Ѷȵͣ
Ҷոսδ֪һۺ
ѩûѶǸݹģԽսѶԽ󣬶ҶƵСռòٱˡ
ţռ棬ȻֻԼ
Ҷ绷ռʱտˣֻԼƮƿصر治ѡ
һԶصľɽҶûԥٻᣬԼٶȷ˹ȥѰ
ոշɽдľɽʱݵǰһɽиоǿҵ겨һӿٶȷ˹ȥ
꣬꣡
ɽɽȣҶɽпٶʮϸźɫƬͷ˫ǣһ꣬ΪҶսѶȽϵͣһʵֻһǵ𣬶κεв
ݣ
Ҷ米˫ҵȶ֯һĽâȺУҵɱ
һĽâӳᣬ缫ĽӰиſռ䣬Ͻһֻֻɱ顣
ÿɱһ꣬һɾ͸ȫëףУһֺĸо
þ̺ȻʥҪ⣬ûһʣ
Ҷתɻʱ䣬ʵҲ֮ᵽĺô
ʮʮ걻ҶɨҶɱˣϵУҲʱֳʮǳһǳﵽһٿţܲǿĴֱӽ͵ڶռ䡣
ռޱߣԼ£׷еꡣ
ȻЩ󲿷ֶȺӣҶʵǿ̫̫ࡣ
ʱ䣬Ҷͻɱһֻ꣬˳͵ؿռС
ؿռеʵﵽǵ𣬵Ҳ޷Ҷ繹вҶ籬˵һʱõӵǿ󣬾
һָоԼɱռ䣬ԼʵӦÿԿԽǵ𾳽硣
ʱһȥ
Ҷ粻֪ƣռзɱ¾ϻɱ꣬ʵ
Լһ¹ȥˣʵ˵Ҷ̤˵ռ䡣
ʵﵽһǵۣ˲С鷳
Ѷô࣡
ҶϢһʮɸߵĹľϣһʯɽʱɽжʮֻ꣬Щʵﵽһǵۡ
ȻҶʵɻɱһǵ꣬ͬʱ⵽ʮֻһǵ۾깥ҲԲ
ҪЩˣ
Ҷһһʱȫܻɱ꣬Ϣ֮۳ɰҪѸٳߣЩסԼĻᡣ
֮Ҷٻ˾赲ģӻһ콣ӰȺ
ণ
оҶϢһֻֻƯڰУ˯е걻ˣ˴̶˻֯ηĵ⣬貵ķǣҶ硣
赣Ͽռ䣡
ԶʮֻĹҶȼ˺Ѫʵͬʱƾ赲ϵر󣬸ſռ䣬Ź
ھ赱ʮֻɵ˲䣬ҶͻȻӿıʱ٣Ծ˵ٶײһֻɣһꡣ
ȫʮڽµݿ꣬ײ÷顣
ţƽ𽣻ӳĻ꺣֯ŴĿĽɫâ˲䶴Դɱ
鲫ȭ
ɱһǵۼ꣬ҶûĴͼֳ壬ݵ£µ飬һԲɱ춯صȭâȫϮꡣ
һҵı
Ҷʩչ鲫ȭֺɱۼ꣬ÿռ򣬸ſռ䣬һȺǰĿ¹ջؾ赣Լٶɽȥ
Ҷٶȼ뿪ɽʱʮֻŭû׷ڹȿڳҶŭ
ɱ꣬ЩѾ֪ҵĴڣҪȫɱҪһЩʱ䣡
ʮֻϢֲſռ꣬ҶŨܵɽУתɻٵոľ
ƿˣ
Ҷʱϲķ֣޷ƵľƿȻ˵Ѻۣϲ񣬵ȴŻᣬɱۼ꣬ȫǵ۾硣


1591 ǵ
ͨ񣡡
Ҷûеʱ䣬ѳһֳ־赳ɽУʱʮע⣬ǿ͹
Ѫȼգ
ʥѪںϣ
ʥر䣡
˲䣬Ҷʩչĵƣ˴ĵƷʥʥѪ飬ʵ£ȶĽᣬԼٶȳ˹ȥ
Ʈ콣䣬Ʈ漫
Ҷ罫ݵ£ƽ𽣻ӳĻ꺣һնռ·ֹһ㣬Ʈ޼ĽâںռռѺһ㣬նʮۼꡣ
أ
㲻ĵۼ걻Ʈ漫У粣һ㣬׷飬ҶС
ã߽
ȼպ֮ѪҶӵ޽ߵĵģֽʩչݻŲã񽣣˾һۼ꣬롣
赣գ
ɱۼ꣬Ҷûмսջ˾赣þȫأ˳ɽȣڹƾ
ҶĵػɱۼʱƵһǵ۵ʵҲ˳뵽㡣
ƵĵԶҶ磬᾵˲С鷳γԣδܻɱһۼꡣ
ʱһȥ
Ҷ缫ģ辵һδʵʩ͵Ϯϵػɱɽеꡣ
ʱŬеĵۼȫɱ˶ʮƿѺԽԽ࣬ͻƶǵ۾һ֮ң
ɱɽеĵۼ꣬Ҷ򵥵ϢһᣬָĵƣڵѰۼꡣ
ţǰʲô
ҶԼʱԼǰɽиоһǿϢϢ֮ǿһǵۣƴﵽ˶ǵ۵ˮ׼
֣ôжǵꣿҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
źģҶٻᣬԼٶȷ˹ȥ
оҶƽǵͻȻԶͼҶ硣
е˼
оǵͻȻܣҶûԥ˲ȼ˺Ѫһٶȣӿٶ׷ȥ
ں֮Ѫͽ˫£ҶٶȲϵǵ֮ľ롣
ţʲôһʯͷ
Ҷ緢ǰһž޴ʯͷ¶ڼٿ񱼣Ըоǵۣʯͷ
һֽն
ĿűܵʯͷҶǿĽ⣬һŻƲǣԼٶȴȥ
ͣ
Ҷ̳һֽնݺݵشž޴ʯͷϣʯͷ漤𻨡
üӲ壡
Ҷ緢֣ʯͷ⵽ԼʩչһֽնʯǱһۡ
໣
һŭĳХʯͷ
ˮͰֱֵƳʯͷʮڽҶ磬ҪҹҶ顣
ת䣡
ʯͷ˵ĹҶޣʮڽӲʯͷ˺ӻҪȭͷ
䣡
ųʮڽȭͷһ𣬱ΧĹľ׷飬м衣
Ҳˣ
Ӳʯͷ˵ĹҶ緢ԼҪһЩ¶Цݣӵ£ԾԵʯͷ˼սһ
䣡
ǿսǿռγ˾˵ıµؼһӣء
ʥر䣡
ӲٴιҶͻȻȼʥ𣬽һŹʥʯͷ˼Ӳ
Լһʱ䣬ɱҶ˴ѪʯͷϣǲѺۣһֱء
ҶʯͷƲϼأǶûз˼Ӳʾ
ֹ˴Լһʱ䣬ںѪЧʱƽսӳҶ꺣ʯͷˣ˵Ĺֱӽʯͷ˳ȥؿһؽۡ
赣Һɱ
ʯͷ⵽شҶû˷ʱ䣬ٻ赣ĴͼڽУ۳ɱʯͷˡ
ǿĻƽ𽣻Ҳͬһʱ͵Ĺ
ڣںѪЧʧǰ֮ʯͷˡ
ƸӾǿƳ壬ҶС
ɻ
оǿҶתɻٵŶǵ۾硣
꣡
һɼѺ۲Ҷ羳ƿбѣǵ۵һ塣
Ҷ绨ʱ䣬ǿʱһٳ˾ƿͻƵ˶ǵ۾硣


1592 ݲ²
ʱţܿһʱȥˡ
һУͻƵǵ۾Ҷ磬ɹɱһֻۼ꣬ǿմ뵽㡣
̤˲䣬֮һ񣬹⻬羵Ĺϸֳ֡
ʱƮ뵽˾޴УһϢ쫷һ㴫Ʈڡ
Ҷ磬ֺ찡Ҹоʲôʱ
ɵڴµõƷʥƮ콣Ǹ˲ͽҶ磡
ԭҼǵǸոռƮڣʵҲǵʥ磬ôʵɱһۼ꣬һ̤㣬Ӳѹʦ֣ѩʦǣ
ܵõϿɵˣǷˣû뵽Ʈֵһţˣ
Źϳֵ֣ڳ˽ܶ˳ԾҶĳɼҲв¶˼֮ɫ
ѩ峤Ҷ絽ʲô
ƮҶ֣ѩһ峤ѩʵ
ҶҶ˽ޣƮյͽܣƮ
˵ţѩ˽ѩƮ캰˹
Ʈݼλ峤ϣ
ʸŵѩƮŵؾһ˵
ö񣡡ŵƮ죬㣬Ҷʲô˿ɿ𣿡
ģܿɿѩƮһ½ߡ
½ߣ
֪Ҷݣŵ˸ӵ𾪡
һ½ߣ츳ô죿ȻƮȫȥˣһ廨ۣͿױֻʮ꣬欸о˵
ǻһ峤ƮԴĻӰ
Ʈ죬֪ҶƵ˶ã򣡡ų˼һʵ
꣡ѩƮʵ˵
ꡭƮٴεһ
ʱѾ֪ʲôݴʱ˿̵ˡ
½粻ͬۻԴԶԶ򣬶ڲĹУ˺ŷ򣬾ѵһ
Ʈ죬ǰҶƵﵽ˺εȾ磿۾бĵâʵ
ǰǶ˸ոͻƵǵ𾳽磡ѩƮ
ʲôǵ𣡡ӰЩʧ̬˵ûмǴҶƵڴ£ֱõƮ콣Լʥʱǵʥɡ
ǣѩƮ˵ͷҲû뵽Ǿô졣
⣬̶̼ʱ䣬ǵʥͻƵǵе㲻̫ܰɣӰЩɵ˵
һЩ˵ͻƾˮ򵥣ҶƵϣŴܣǿ²Ǽ򵥵طߣ۾б
˵⣡
һ峤ƤڣķĽӻ
û⣬Ҳ˵׼ҡҡͷֻǾãпһЩйأ
峤˼ǡǿܵĺѩŻ⡣
˶ʱ𣬳Ҫµ츳⣬ҪĪĻԵȿԵ½ѴڣһǿǴ½ĺŵ˵ͷ
ȷʵֿܣӰϹһսıֱ仯ܶ׷ױ˽ӡ͵˸λ棬Ҳǵп˵ǰ㡣
룬ȷʵֿܣһˣõƷʥ˷Ҷȴʮִ󷽵ĽƷʥھ͸һ棬Ͳһеģѩ
ҶƵĺǸô죿Ľüͷ˵
ǾƮڵĵӣ˶ѣһֻҪǶƮûģƮڴãʹá
Ʈ죬ʽΪѩһҺúôǶˣǸո˵ĻͲҪˣŽĿͶ˼ǧѩƮ죬˵
Ʈ֪ô
ѩƮû뵽Ҷĵĸıˣһַ˼ĸо
ˣ֪ûȤҶԼƵӰ񣡡
ʱŶҶƵȤǶ˵Լ²ǰ㣬ǼпܳΪƮ
ȻȤͬ
ǺãȥУͶӰ񣡡
˵ֳ꣬ƣֱӿţ˽뵽УͨһĹ⾵ۿҶƵĹ̡
ҶƵܵĺᣬŵţͨչֵʵֶΣ˿Ǹпܴ漣


1593 ˵ս
㣡
͵㣬Ҷ緢ԼһƬѩıУȥããһƬ
ɨһǰĿռ䣬Ҷ۾һߵϢһ߿ԼݣӦⷽصʵ
ҶӦռʱȴ֪ԼƵӰ˫˫С
ʱƵðżطգݵۼУֳļƷʥʩչʥ͵Ĺ
ڸĴ£Ƶɱۼ꣬ˣɱɽȣ˻ָ
ҹƵֶΣĵޣӦòܵĺᣡƵԡѪսĳ棬ŵ˵
ţƵӦû⣬ҲҶϣ
ɣҶúεֶΣɱռʮߣ̤߲㣡˵
ûмǴѾṳ߲̂˰ɣĽ˵
ǰѾˣҸоҶӦ̤߲㣡ŵ˵ͷҶȤԽԽŨ
Ϣһʱ䣬Ҷ罫״̬ѣٻᣬԼٶȥ
ܿ죬ҶɵһѩɽʮվĿռϿգռڣվʮ϶ѻźѩûһ˿ĵܡ
СӹȻеаţȻֱҵʮڵĵطӰҵʮλõҶ磬΢΢ЩԾ
Ҫ֪ʮߣҵҶ׾ٷλã֮
ǵۣʮܵʵȻﵽǵۣĿѶȹȻܴ󣬲֪Ŀǰսܲһɱһˣ
ʮѩǵĵܣҶ粻ϵ˼ӦԵİ취ʮһ𣬸޷һƣҪأֻӲ
˼֮ҶͻȻѳҵķɼ˸źѩɽȵײ
вǲܴӰ˵
ûпʩչͨѵķƣ۹ҡҡͷ
Ҷֶλ治٣
ŵ˵ĿȫҶע
໣
һŭĳХ
оҶ;ʮѩǵĵһ춯صĳХµΧѩɽҵĲγ˿µѩ
һ̣ʮˣ¶ʮֳֳۣɫףϢӣһƿռĺգҶ;
Ѫȼգ
ߵĹҶȼ˺֮ѪֽںʥѪ飬ȼʥӲʵǵ۾磬辵ȫ
Ʈ콣䣬Ʈ漫
ƽ𽣻ӳĻ꺣ݻηĵ⣬һƮ޼ӣݺݵնһߵϡ
Ȼ߷ˣƽ𽣻ĹƷʥټƮ콣ǼƷʥںϱĹ߸ֵס
ͣ
֯Ŵ֮Ļƽ𽣻һߵ壬йĽƸǽݻٵĲӡ
飡
ʮڽҶбݺݵغϣµֱӽˣһƾҶ塣
ɹˣ
ҶҲû뵽ͻƵǵ۾磬Լսô࣬¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫʤ׷ʩչ鲫ȭһߡ
䣡
Բɱ춯صĲȭâ£ߵ岻ϵ飬ںϡ
գ߻ǰҶǿƻɱ˵ڶߣ󽣳һȣһݹصǹâ˰С
ƽ𽣻꣬Ҷ˻ƽ𽣻꣡
ñ뺷սգ֮ɱߣҶӦþܵĺᣬȻ˵죡
ʶҶɵĻƽ𽣻꣬Լչֳľ˵ֶ̺Σŵ˻֤ʵǰڵĲ²⣬˲Сı仯
֮Ҷָѳʼʩٴɱ˹ȵأʣµİ߼ҵɱ
䣡
ڻƽ𽣻ǿƻɱһʱҶʩչϵͨ仯˿µѪҡҷӴѩȵײҵɱþ󲿷ֹĻᣬǿƻɱߣںǿޱȵ
ͨѵҶܵĺᣡ
Ҷ绯Ѫŵ˱סϵز²ݡ
ˣӦÿһ˰ɣ
Ҷ罫״̬ѣȼպѪʥ𣬵ɱѩȵײݵ£߼ҵɱ
ߵȻռţҶ̫ǿټ޽ߵƽ𽣻ʩչ˵Ʈ콣䣬˵Ĺӵ¡
Լʱ䣬Ҷ縶ദ˵ĴۣǿƻɱߣںʮŴǳʧ㣬뵽˰꣬δ̤ĵ߲ռ䡣


1594 ʥ
Ҷ̫ˣһʱ䣬Ȼ̤˰꣬δ̤ϵ߲ռ䣬츳Ѽ
ǰû뵽ƮһĹһǲ֪ĳ֣Ʈ˵Ǹǻ
Ҷ̤߲ʱųƮڵһ˵½ڶ뵽㡣
Ȼһʱ̤㣬ȳɼΪҶĳɼȣȻࡣ
ʯôľʯ
뵽߲㣬Ҷ翴Լǰһʮɸߣ˸ŵâľʯ
Ҫ߲ͨ飬ڰ˲㣬Ҫŵ⾧ʯС
ƽ𽣻꣬ƣ
Ҷһٻ˻ƽ𽣻꣬Źž޴ĵʥ
һ̣޾ĵڵʥĻɽɫ΢䣬ȫҶ硣
Ͽռ䣡
Σʱ̣Ҷʩչռ򣬲ϵظǰĿռ䣬ֵŵʥͷŵĵ֮յ㵽֮⡣
Ҫǿлʥǲˣ
Ҷ籾Լʱ䣬ԵĹƵʥʶʥµķ֪вͨҪͨ㿼飬Ҫͨ⣬ܴʥ
Ҷվ֮ȴһᣬȵʥ¿ϥ˵ʥ֮£Լݣͷǿ͸ʥУŴڲ߽ʥ
𺣣
͸ʥУҶ緢ʥгһƬȼܻĻ𺣣ȵ¶ȼռ䲻ϷŤ
ͻȻ֮һֺգӳ޾ĵ֮⡣
֮ͼ
Զڻ֮ϵĺգҶϳǻ֮ͼûɵġ
Ҷͼǰֻ֮ͼãȫ͸Ҳ޷Ե
ͼƣ
Ҷһݵиֳͼһеǣײ˻֮ͼ
䣡
Ͽı
ͼײһй޾ĵ֮ҵĶԳ⣬ŶԷ
Ȼ֮ͼԴԴںϻ֮ͼͼ̫ˣ֮ȫֱѹ˻֮ͼ
ͼԳԽԽȼյĻ𺣱԰ټƵĻû˻𺣣ٶȼĹͼ
ͼͼƣ
Ҷݵ⣬ڵʥռγͼһſŻͬʱ֮ͼ͵Ĺ
ͼ͵Ĺ£֮ͼˣſռĻʧ
ʥһѺۡ
һ̣ʥгһƬɫĽƣĺɫûƣͼ
йɫ׵Ľ֮ͼڻ֮ͼ֮ϣȻ޷ƻҶںͼ
Լһʱͼֱƽ˺ɫУ˽֮ͼõʥгһѺۡ
ʱһȥҶϥڵʥ£Բϵͼƻŵʥܳĵͼʥ
ŵʥѺԽԽ࣬ŵ˱Ҷ츳ȫ۷
Ȼδսʥżмأʥ̺ĵ⼫£Ҷ㣬ʱ䣬ƶʮͼţżдδع
Ҷδ̫ˣ治֪ĵжѩҡҡͷɵøп
иЩңûѩѩ֮λҶ츳ʵ˵ܽѩƸ췭ظ
Ҳл̤ھŲ㣬սǰһ
ʱƣеӲ꣬˳
Ȼδܼʮ֮ãĵӣ̶ͬȵʵеͻ˾磬Ʈڵʵ
ƮҪ𣬱ҪһҶĳ֣ŵ˿һ˿ϣ
ʮһͼˣʥе׷Ŷٵ⣡
Ҷͼ֪ƣĻʮһͼֵʥȻڷŵͼ
Ծһδɱ䣬ޱǿ֧Ųס˴ġ
ˣ
ʥռͻȻһƬ޾ĵ֮纣ɰٴһ㣬ӿγһݹأޱȵͼ
ҶͼУоոջʮһͼϢ
Ȼͼںǰʮһͼȫĵ⣬Ҳս
ɣ
Ҷһͼںһ𣬻˿µĵ֮ڿռȣһֻµĵ֣ݺݵָſռͼ
䣡
֮Ĵںͼʱǧˡ
޾ĵ֮ͼйعŵ֣һ㽫顣
֮
ֱںͼʱҶֿƵ֮ǧĵ֮ԼٶȹͼڵĿռмɱ
ʥܵںͼ£Ҷͼ
ټϼݵԣڼɱԳУҶ粢δ·硣
һδμĶԳ⼤սУͼ˵Ѻۣͼĵ֮ϱһ˵ĵ֮ն顣
ڣҶƶŬ£֮ɵǧѵ֮־޴ͼ
꣡
ͼ飬޴ĵʥвһˡ
ʥ˲䣬Ҷ类һǿĴ֮ûڰ˲㡣


1595 켶ͼ
ʱ䣬̤ڰ˲㣬ҶѲҪƮ¼
ܺ츳Ʈȣ̫Զˣ
źųƮڵһŵ½滹ռ뾡취ɱߣҶȴѾ̤˵ڰ˲ռ䣬ŵ겻ѡ
ҶҪڰ˲ĵ֮
Ȼڰ˲ռѶȼ󣬵ʱû˻ɵֵ֮ܵסǰеĽŲ
ţһʱ࣡
ȻҶʥʱ̣֮ܶԶԶʥų˼һµ
ҾҪ꣡
ƤڣķĽ˵
ǾĿԴɣҶܲٸǴϲЦЦĿͶעҶ硣
ڰ˲Ŀǵ֮ɣ
뵽ѩжĽܣҶĻһĿռ䣬ԼһΡߴĵ֮
ʮڻкһʱ䣬Ҷ粢żϥڰ˲ռ䣬Ƶʥʱõ΢С򣬻ָĵȫ׼ӭӵ֮ĥ¡
Լ֮Ҷ˽յ˫һ̤žȵزһڿռȥ
ˣ
ĻͻȻһ£һŴϵƣߴʮɵĵ֮ڽѹҶ硣
뵽߲㣬ڰ˲ռֻõ⿹⣬ҶһͼֳĻ꺣ٵںϣһصУӲѹĵ֮
ǣ
ڵ֮ѹ£ͼɵĵˣµĵ֮ݺݵҶ磬Ҫѹ
ȣ
Ҷ籩һѨϵڵĳˮӿ˫УӲס˵֮
ţͼֳҶ꺣ͼһ𣬷ӿ뵽˵֮Уǿй֮гĵ⡣
⣬֮ʲôȼĵͼ
Ĵͼӿ֮ʱҶڵ֮зһֳĵͼ˲߽Ĵͼ
ѵ켶ͼڰ˲켶ͼ顣
Ҷûм켶ͼ켶ͼĿ£켶ͼס
֮еͼصͼͼǿںϵ⣬Ĵͼ֮УȻ켶ͼ߽⣬Ҷ̵ᵽ켶ͼĿ¡
Ҫ̤֮ھŲ㣬͸켶ͼУ
Ҷһһشڽĵ֮һ߿Լݣ͸켶ͼ
⣬Ҷ絽׶Ϊʲôµ֮Ҫأ
᲻֪֮Է͸ɣ
ѩŸ߸ŵ֮ȫ͸֮ͼҶ磬ǰһĻˡ
ҾҶҡҡͷ׾ס֮Ҷʥ޻Ҫǿˡ
ˡ
ʱһȥ
Ҷԣȫ͸֮켶ͼʱкܶӲ̭Ҳк̤߲ܶ㡣
УƮĴ󶥼½棬ƣϪѩһ˫˫ɱһۼ꣬뵽˵㡣
ƵƶŬľҲɱ˰ʮֻۼ̤꣬㣬սҲֻһ֮ң
һˣҲ鷳
һʱУŵ˲ʱͨ۲Ҷ磬ʮһ¹ȥˣһҶһǸоҶӦ˴鷳ʱ޷Ƶ֮е켶ͼ
ǲ֪ڰǰͲ͸˵֮е켶ͼҶٳٲƵ֮ͨ͸켶ͼԼԵ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
Ҷ·ʯһ㣬߾ŵ֮һ壬һ߲͸켶ͼ
һδεݣԵȫµ⡣
Ȼ⻹޷ĵͼ켶ͼ֮ڲֻһʱˣԼһܽͼ켶ͼ
ʱ֮ھŲˣ
Ҷһʱ䣬Լдʱ䣬ûٵ飬˫б֮ؽ֮Ƶ˰С
һ̣ɵͼˮû뵽˵֮Уƻ켶ͼ
ȻҶĴͼ켶ͼȣмص࣬͸켶ͼʵϵط켶ͼ켶ƣ֮ͼ
ܿ죬һɼѺڵ֮ѿһɹɿµĵ֮ڵй
գҶĴͼ˵֮е켶ͼƵ˵֮
һ̣֮ӿǿĵ֮û뵽ҶС
ǿĵ֮£Ҷ粶׽һٽͼ켶ͼ
ͼոһǿĴ֮͵Ʈʷϣֻ̤ĵھŲռ䡣


1596 Ǭ
Сĺܳɫгɫ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪δʱУ̤뵽˵㴴Ʈڵһ¼
ҶھŲʱǰһһȫڰ׹еߣ顣
лǰ佱̤뵽˹СҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ԽСѶԽС½棬ѩһǣʵԶԶǿҶꡣ
͹ûйϵ̬ҡҡͷ꣬ͻƵ۾磬Ȿʵ츳֣ҲʣʱڻϷ򣬵õռ
֪ǰʵ
ǿ󳬳Ϊ飬ʵ´ﵽ˲ĳ̶ȣҶʵҪ졣
Ϸʵ൱ǵ۷壡ߵ
ǵ۷塭
֪ߵʵҶ粻ɵõһ
Ȼƽ𽣻ܻ꣬ɱǵۣǵ۷֣ûһ˿ᡣ
Сرջʱ䣬ʱ䣬սңֻҪµʱҶɹ㲻κƣɶıߵڣҪս𣿡
ս
Ҷ˵ͷҪ̽ߵʵ
ɣ
߱˫֣վԭأž޲ûκεı顣

Ҷһ֮ѪʥȼգʥѪ鱬Ѫ֮ڽҶУһ˲佫ʵ۷塣
һ̣ƽ𽣻ӳĻ꺣˽ɫ񽣡
Ʈ콣䣡
Ҷ籩һһ켶ͼͼֳ壬۷壬ע뵽ƽ𽣻УʩչƮ漫նͦζܵߡ
һҪ˵ǵۣǵҲҪâ
ȴ˲ϵ֣ǰֵݻŴ֮յƮ漫
䣡
Ʈ漫նߵʱʱ춯صſռ䣬ҵĹߵ֡
ַ·ǼƷʥɣƮ漫޷˺ֺ
һ̣͵طƮ漫ͬʱҶӡһơ
һ֮£ռ·ˡ
µâռ䣬˿־ӭҶ塣
ռ򣬸Ͽռ䣡
߷ĹҶ˫ֿٵ趯ϵظſռ䣬ҪµĴӡ
һ̫ˣҶϵĿռ䱻һ׷顣
ʩչʱ򣬼ıʱ٣ʹȫǿһƵ
䣡
ʯ䣬ӡĴӡݿҶʩչɱһƽȫҶ˳ȥֱˤǧԶصˤ˵ϣ⵽ش
ǿʵ̫ǿˣ޷У
Ҷ类ߵʵסоߵʵԱȺۻҪֲ˶ȫһͷ
СڵʵҪϷܣ㻹ʱ䣬úɣʲôʱҪսǵúң
һشҶ磬ûгʤ׷һʧҶǰ
ﾲһʱɣ
ҶǿͨǬ
ȻǬƣ
оǬĴڣҶһϲǬУһʥˡ
Լ֮ҶָƣǬռԵ׼ſǬ㡣
ܿǬռ䣬õħıأµʱУԼһͻơ
ʱʩչоԼлߣõսġ
Ǭ㣬
ҶһڵĽɫӿ壬ڽǬϣһ˺ƽڡ
ϧŬ£ǬռĽڷˣһɹ뵽ǬռС
ʮʱ٣
뵽Ǭ㣬ҶȸоʱپȻﵽʮ
Ҳ˵һ꣬ʮ꣬ȫʱж̵Ĵ⡣
֪ħռʲô
Ҷ۾ͨǬĿƣӦռħµıء
ţÿµϢʲôȼı
ӦһᣬҶͻȻ۾һռһ㹻ɳɿ̻µƣشڽľ޽ڵϡ
ḧֻоܲ趯ľ޽Ҷо޽Ŀ£һָо޽һƷʥ
ħµޱȾ޴ʥħѹθλ棬õ챦ʥԼѪʢ̬ϵĴʥľ
Ʒ鵤
ҶħУⷢޱ쾧޷򵽵Ʒ鵤ԼʮŶƷʥ
꣬Ǭʮ꣬Ǭʮ꣬ʮܽεȾ硣
Ҷ罫ʥԼ۴͵Ǭռ䣬Ǵ챦ʥ
ԼóһŶƷʥ̵˶УʼʱıչС


1597 ǵۣԲ
ʧˣҶôͻȻŲռʧˣ
ŹʧҶ磬ѩ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ѵпռ䱦߿ռ䶴ɣ
ţҶܵĺᣬпռ䱦ﲢϡ棬ǾȴɣµʱУͨϵĿ𣿡Ŀ˸˵
ʱţܿʱȥˡ
УеĵѾʣ޼ֻʣʮˡ
ʮȫ̤ɼԶԶڰǰ
УųƮڵһŵ½棬л̤ϵ֮ĻϪ˫˫̤뵽߲㣬ܵʥĿ顣
Ƶ˳̤㣬뾡һа취ɱ꣬ʵ
ʱҶ磬Ǭʮꡣ
ʮУҶ˴ʥ˶ǵۼޣͻǵҲһ֮ң
ʱǵ۾ˣ
оڽɫѾҶûٵʱ䣬һޱƷʥҩȫǵ۾硣
۾磬ÿͻһѶȶܴ󣬺ħǬ˴챦ʥټҶгʱ
˽ʱ䣬ڳ˾ƿͻƵǵ۾硣
ͻƣҶûսߣʥľԣʥһڻʥľ֦յ壬Բ硣
ħ˫ϲľǴʥǬµʥľһõģһֱûҶ硣
ܿ죬ȥ꣬ҶǬҲʮꡣ
ʮУǵۣԲ磬ӲʮڽһʥޣǿȸǴﵽ˼Ʒʥ۷塣
ȼպѪƾ嶼ѹǿʥޣɱǵۡ
֪ڵʵܷ飡
Ҷһʱ䣬رջж̶ʱ䣬ֹͣ뿪ǬС
ǰҪս
Ҷ米˫֣վ߲㣬˵
ǵۣСҳһҶ磬׸оʵҡҡͷɵøпɣҼʶʵ
ã
ҶһѪʥȼգʥѪںϣ˲ﵽǵ۷֮ʮڽµΧĿռҵĲ
һ̤ҶһװһֻϹޣ֮ߡ
ô
оҶ˲䱬üͷһƣ¶һ˿֮ɫϵӭȥ
䣡
Ҷһȭģµռһ¡
һ̣һɳҶ緢֮ǿ˲ݿҶȭͷбŷ첲һһ˿ʧء
һҶ磬Ӷһֱۣµ˲ռ䣬Ŵ֮Ҷ硣
Ʈ콣䣬Ʈż
ԾռĴ֮޿ɱܵҶĵݵ£ĴͼͷʩչոյƮ콣ڶʽ
һЯ޾ĵ̣һǳһ£ﲻƣӲն߷Ĺ
赣ѹռ䣡
ǿƵ߹˲䣬起ɳҶ壬žצľѹһأߡ
һ֣赺ʱҶͻȻӿıʱ٣ͻȻǰٶޣ˲䷢ߵ塣
Ȼɹ壬Ҷȴһֺ֮ϵĸо޷˵壬һδܽˡ
ǰʮ㲻ܻңջҲۺ죡
ͻȻµ羪κһҶ磬˳ȥصˤǧԶɥʧս
ȻˣҶȴ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ոսʱݵԲ׽ߵԴȪڣ˲ԴȪ˵˲ͣ٣սʱԼлˡ
뵽Ҷٵˣ׼һս
֮Ҷָƣһսߡ
һΣҶ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬ûäĿĹǲϵʱ䣬ܸεĸӦߵԴȪڡ
һδݣȫ֤ʵҶǰڵĸӦ
ʱһα֮羪κһ㣬ϯҶ磬µֱӴݻĹֱӽɳԶɥʧս
벻ʩչӦҲܻ˰ɣ
ҶѸٷһʥڵһ˻ָһ˼ߵļƻ


1598 ͨ
رյԽԽƮڸŷ׷뿪
ʮÿ˵ʵõԵ
УųƮھŵĻϪͻƵǵ۾磬½Ǿͻǵ۽ʣһ֮ң
ʦҶأ˵ڼ㡣
˳ͻƵǵ۾뿪ʱѩƮһ㣬˹ȥѯҶĳɼ
绹ھŲսϣ
ֱʱѩƮȻһֲʵĸо
ھŲ㣬һ漣
ھŲ㡭
ߵһ޵¶˲˼֮ɫ
֪ѶȣѾǧ࣬ʮʱ̤㣬ɼѾʮˡ
Ҷ̤ھŲˣ
һ
ɫȹ߻ҪֵѩһѩƮĻ
ţҶǰѾ̤ھŲ㣬սϣѩһ峤ѩ˵ͷ
Ҷ츳ôѩһ΢΢Щݵ
Ȼ֪Ҷܲ򵥣û뵽Ҷвһ˿ܸС
ɣҶҪսˣǲ֪ܻܲϣͨ
һƮűҶ羪˵ĳɼʱŵ𣬽˺ԣͨۿҶսߵĹ̡
ǰҼս
Ҷ绺ߵ˾Ų룬˵
ãְɣ
ռŤ߳Ťռ䣬Ҷǰһ˿˵
赣ѹ
Ҷ綯ƣ˲佫ʵ۷壬ٻ˾赣ƾ赲ϵرѹߡ
ƷʥĹã
߶ûɻڰľ赺ݺݵѹϡ

˲䣬ɱû赣ǰ裬ɢע⡣
һ̤֮ɱʱҶ̤ͻȻǰޱȵĽٵ趯˫ۡ
˵ˣƷʥãɽնԼ˫ϡ
ƽ𽣻꣬
ߴʱƽ𽣻ӳҶ꺣ԳԽٵٶȣߺߵСԴȪ
š
оƽ𽣻깥λãɫ΢΢һ䣬ܵҪ㡣
Ҷ繥ٶȸ죬˲仯֮ʩչ鲫ȭߣͬʱǣľ
ʯ䣬ƽ𽣻ߵĸ˲䱬ľߵ壬ֱӹ֮Դ
֮Դ⵽ߵĹܵӰ죬ڵǳһ˿ҡ
Ĵͼڣ
ƽ𽣻Ĺ˳ЧҶĴͼ˵֮뵽ƽ𽣻УŻƽ𽣻Ĺ
İΣƵ˫۲ߵ塣
һ󵨵ľٶͨۿţѩƮˡ
Ҷ˲ɣȻȥϣѵϷӣ
ǰȻ츳ϿɲΪ츳顣
˵粻°ɣɫɷ׵ƵĿͶѩƮ죬ŵ˵
Ҳ֪ѩƮҡҡͷ粻³ç֮ˣЦôӦһա
˵֮ʣб֮籬ĻɽסҶ磬ֵƽ𽣻Ĺ
Բ磬ҶȼƷʥټϺѪ弸ﵽƷʥ˲䱬ѣȴδܻ塣
ڻƽ𽣻깥£ߵĸˣ֮ԴǱƽ𽣻Ĺһ㶴
찡˲䱬Ȼû壬СӵѵԽ˼Ʒʥɡ
Ҷ̫ˣ˵йϵ
뵽Ҷ£ҲоҶйϵпܵĺᡣ
СӣѵסңҶס֮Դ⵽Щջľ
ǰʵǿ֮Դ⵽ʱ޷ȫҪûôףҶǿ˵ʮڽߵ壬ƽ𽣻깥ᡣ
ãϷͿֶܼã
˵ţ춯صҶ磬ҪҶ
Ҷǿ̫ˣĹ޷ƻ
ĸ⵽ƽ𽣻ϵعѿѺֱۣ˵֮ԴԽԽľ
ۿ֮Դƽ𽣻궴ʼ޷Ҷ̾ϢһСֹͣɣⳡӮˡ
ллǰ
ѪҶ¶˵Цݣջ˻ƽ𽣻꣬һƨ˵ϣڴŴ


1599 
ӮˣҶĻϣͨˣ
찡û뵽Ĵʷ֪ռǿȣ»ʼֵʱðɡ
ͨĿҶͨصḶ́ŵȫ¶˾֮ɫԾҶʵ
ΪţҲûбʤİա
С׼£׼˸˵Ҷռ룬ܳܶͿǿȺ־ˣ߿Ż²ѪۣصҶ磬˵
ллǰ
ҶһϥԭأһʥٵصϢָơ
Ҷ츳̫ˣں֮ʵ»һ׼ζԴ
ѩϥ˵Ҷ磬ȫţֻҪ⣬һˣ𾪰˷
ʵ٣ǱѩɸӣƮܰٺŽĿͶѩƮ죬˵
ģƮһٺҶ磡ѩƮ˫ֱȭŵ
Ϊ˶֪Ҷ絽ܳܶ壬ʵεȳ̶ȣûһ뿪ĵصȴš
ԼʱҶȫָƣҵߵǰѾ׼Խˡ
ã
˵ţһ̤˺˿ռ䣬Ҷ紩Խռţߴһ˸â
СƮʷϣֻռսа㡣Һܿ㣬ܼ֮ʱ䣬ռ¼
뵽Ҷ翰Ʒʥȼ߸оܼʱ䣬õĺô
Ŭֵģ
ҶҲĺôն˵
ãȥɣֶܼãͿ־ˣ
ߵ˵ͷ˽ƣҶߵ˸ŹâС
ž
һ̣Ҷоб˿µ磬޴ĺڶϻ죬ſ񱩵˳ҶȫëףĺС
ȻޱȵʹҶ̫ǿټӵһŲ֮ģȫסʹ࣬ٵתɻӿеٵʵ
ţľľҲ
ҶȫӿʱֻľҲڿٵһ㷢ɱ䡣
Һͻľգ֪᲻Ὣ»۵գ
ҶľǺεȵǿλľɣܽա
ʱһȥҶ·һ޵׶ϵӿ
ʱڵĽɫˣƿҲɶ
ľʱ䣬ִ˼֣ɫҶֱ
ˣҶȻ棡
ǰҶ̫ˣ治֪ļ
ŵ˵ȴʱ䣬Ҷọ̈̄ûһ˿ֹͣ겻ѡ
ͻȻǷҶӿ⣬²ҶӦͻ˾硣
ǵۣôͻˣ
оʵһҶ¶˵Цݣǿ塣
ܿ죬ʱֹȥˡ
ˣҶΪûһܲסļޣѵ޵׶ɣ
ȻҶǿ󣬵弫£ǵҲܲסҶ˰죬ȻУû¶ʹ֮ɫɵ̬
ǲ֪Ҷ֮ܳôãΪӿ󲿷ֶľˣյֻ֮һ
ʮ죬ʮ죬ʮ죬ʮ졭
˼ľصȴ£Ҷ˽һʱ䡣
Ȼͻƣȣһֱڿѹƾ磬̫£һʱգڵĽɫˣĸҲʵ
оԼѹƾ磬ҶһڷӿĽɫ˲Ѻ۵ľƿһͻƵǵ۾硣
ոշûãͻƵǵۣҶû뵽ģδƮڵõأеջҲˡ
ҶͻƾûãľͻȻӳɫ⣬͸Ҷ壬С
ɫâҶʲôʥΪлӳɫ⣡
ϵŶܣ
ӳԽԽǿɫҶ磬ŵ˵һαס
ĸ½棬ϪˣҲ츳۷
ľɱˣ
оľɱֳһСأïʢϳɫҶеĻ֮ӵǿ󣬶ԶԶسʥﵽҶδܴĲΡ
СʿɶֹɣټȥҪˣ
Ҷһһ߸Ӧľı仯ʱߵĶС
˼ǰе̰ˣͳ
ȻҶ绹ȥ߿ˣҲֹֻܷͣɣһ뿪˹â


1600 ħɽ
СϵŶܣ
߿ͻҶ磬·Ҫ
ˣһʵ¶ܴﵽǵۼ£̤磬Ҷȴǵǵۣ߲²⣬ҶϾŴܡ
˵̣Խɱн硣
ȷʵһЩܣǰģƮûͼպлᣬ˶飡Ҷ纬˵
ã仰͹ˣߵ߰ɣ뿪
˵ţӶһֱۣţֱӽҶ紫ͳھŲ㡣
磬ˣɫۣͦΣȵҶ绺شӿռ˳ѩƮǰҪ㣬ȥݼɡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷѩƮǰ
Ҷ磬ǸһľϲƮͼˣſ׿ȺҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ޵
Ʈڶ飬պһƮڷ󣡡Ҷŵ
úã
ȻҶ㲻϶֣ŵϣ˹δõŵŵ˴ο͸ˡ
磬Ƹ㣬ƣƮκεط룡óһöƽҶ硣
лл
õöƣҶĴϲûƣͿѰƮڵؾˡ
ˣΪʮһصԵĹмްɣƮڵδͿ֧ˣ
ûеҶݣҲûиĽ
߰ɳ磬صѩɸл˵
ѩƮҶ磬Ƶߵˣݱţѩˣص˱ѩɸ
磬лл㣬û뵽ĵȻΣѩ֮λ
ѩƮһԵҶ磬뵽ͣѩƮȻһξеĸо
ˣҶڶ½ֶչмӣӦ𣡡Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
磬Ƕ½𣿡
뵽ŶҶݵĲ²⣬ѩƮͻȻʵ
⻰ʲô˼ҶһԼ׽һЩϢ
ûʲôֻǶЩѣѩƮҡҡͷûȥ롣
磬ʵѳԽңҲԼ㣬гһƮѣ
İɸȻҼƮʱ䲻ϾĵһңȻ£Ҷ˵ͷ֤
ˣȥϢɣʲô󾡹ܸ˵޷㣬һȥѩ峤ΪѩƮ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪˱ѩڸȴƵϣص±ߵİԺ
Сӣе㲻ԾΪʲôңòȫԵջҰɡصԺҶ緢Ƶе㲻ԾЦ
Ҷ磬òһðɣ
ƵҲŭΧҶתȦ
ôӢĹ𣿡ҶЦ˵
ޣ㻹Ӣҿ󡻹
ƵҶһ۵˵ԼЦȻѾǵ۾ܺá
ҹԽԽƮڽָƽ
һľ磬ҶһصǬУħɴͭŹٻ˳
ƣȫ
ͻƵǵ۾磬ҶѾȫʵƽħӡˣǿн⿪ؽơ
һ̣޾ħħбħ֮ǰֱȾ˷ԲǬռ䣬ŵȫһħĺۡ
һħҶ٣շħɾȻﵽһħ磡
оħɢĿֲħ¶˾֮ɫ
۳ԾҶҲ¶˳Ծ֮ɫΪҶ޼˵ħǿʵӦõǵۼޣû뵽Լƿħؽƣȴﵽһǵ硣
ħɵĴڣ˵Ѿˡ
ħɣ˯ɣҪл㣡
˵ţҶ罫ħ·ӡͭŹС
㻹ҪòͻƵһħ磡Ҷʵ
ʮʱٿռУһʱ࣡۳˼һ£˵
ٶ湻ģҶϳˣҶ̾ϢһԼʵʵ¶ںǰ
ǵۡҶ٣ͻƵǵ۾ˣ
оҶʵ۵һҶٶ
ұһᣬͻƾ̫죬Ҫսĥ£Ҷ˵
ã
۵˵ͷǬҶ
Ȼ۾糬Ҷ磬Ҷ罫徳Բ磬忰ȼƷʥټͻƵǵ۾磬ﵽ˾˵ĶʮڽԼ켶ͼҶȼպ֮Ѫۼսδ·硣
ԽսԽͣʹƴعʱ䣬˭ûκ˭ߣ˫˫˵ϡ
ȻҶûлۣܺ˵սȴú۷
ϢһᣬܴĺͶ뵽УһһͻƵһħ硣


1601 ڶ
ʱһȥ
ȥһУҶֳֿƣƮɽμǣؾڡ
Ʈɽʵ̫ˣɽֽأҶ约±¶ܣҴΧѰֻѰҡ
ڣ򲻸ˡ
Ѱһʱ䣬ڴ·з쳣
ţĿռЩȶ
һδεݸӦҶ۾һԶһֵĺڹȣǱȥ
Ҷ磬ô
Ҷ翿ڹʱֺڹȵĽƲһ£һĸɫȵŮӴӽ˳ҶʱԵһ¡
ɰѩʦ㣬û뵽㣡
ҶһҲû뵽ײ˪˵ѩһ档
Ϊ˸ϳ㣬һʱ䣬ҶڶոҪȥǱһʱ䣬ųǵۣѩһ˵ж˼顣
ڶҶһѩʦ㣬֪ܷڶգ
ҪɴĹ׶ȣĿƣӦÿֱӽ룡ѩһ߰ɣҴȥݼ泤ϣʱֻ轫Ƹ泤Ͽһۣܽڶ
˵꣬ѩһӵӡ˽ƣҶߵ档
ʦ㣬ڶеʲôγɵģҶʵ
ڶγɵҲڶг֮ڴ飬㲻Ҫ֮ʴҪɱ飬ǱᱻϢһƳڶĺôѩһ˵
ѩʦ㣬ߵڶͷ𣿡Ҷʵ
ߵڶͷĽƽӰ˻ѩһ˵
ƽӰ
ͨѩһĻ֤ʵҶĲ²⣬ƮеĹؼпܾڶͷ
˵֮ʣѩһҶ˷ӡؽƵڶ⣬ڶ£ͷѩףϲƣûһ˿ǰ
泤ϣҶʦҪڶѩһʮֹسؾһ
ҶʦܡҶ磿߻ǵб⣬Ҷ硣
Ҷ˫ֱȭ
Ʈڵһţ֪ҽһܽһƣպ׼ڶ泤˵
ǰ⣬ȫ㣡Ҷ粻˵
úúãСˣ泤¶ѵõЦݣһǿĵ籡壬ֱӳſϵ·
һ̣ϥ泤ϿٵشӵӡһĴӡſռ䣬ؿҶ硣
Ʈż
о泤ӡĴӡгſµϢĴ󹥻ͼֳҶ壬˲佫Ĵͼݵ£˷·Զţնصһն泤ӡĴӡϡ
䣡
ɿµĵ֮˲бը
ҶʩչƮżܲסӡݿƻʼѡ
ҶʩչƮż֧ĴӡݺݵغҶϣӲ
û뵽ͣȻƮ콣ڶʽһȣϷˣ
ȻҶˣ泤ȴû֮ʣΪоոҶһУδȫǿǳ
泤ϣ֪ڿԽȥ𣿡ҶһסڷѪ˵
ԣպʲôʱУ泤ϵ˵ͷ
лǰҶм˵ʦ㣬ҽȥˡ
ҪҪȥһ˪ѩһͻȻ¶СŮ˰̬ʵ
ˣԼ
Ȼѩһúܶ˸Ըݵʯȹ£ضҶҡҡͷίľܾ
ˣ㲻ԸҲǿ󣬲պУ㲻ƴǣѩһ沢
û⣬պпգʦʱұԣҶ˵ͷ֤
˵꣬Ҷ߽˱泤ϴ򿪵Ľƣ߽ڶС
ಣ
ڶҶٶޣӺڶйӿ֮һֻֻò鹥Լٶڶͷȥ
ž룬ڶе֮ԽԽŨʴҶ
Ҷһ֮飬֮Ҷ׻ڵ֮
һֻֻ飬Ǳбʮڽֱѹˡ
ԼʱٶȼҶڶͷѩһ˵ؽơ
ִӡڶͷĽʱһǿҵĽƲ˲仯ĽƽնٶȼնҶ硣
ҶȣһĽƽնκεΣգҶٻƽ𽣻꣬ΧŽƽնĹ
ԣƽ
ƽ𽣻ƽʱҶԼݣƽڶͷؽƣӦ֮ʵ
һʱŬݳؽƵʵҶֳƷʥʥںϻƽ𽣻һ̴̣ؽƣڶͷ


1602 ½棬Ϫս
ʲôռ䣡
ڶͷҶͻȻԼһƬڲָĿռУæԼݣӦڿռʵ
ţĿռ䣬ȻѹԵݣ
ҶԼʱԵɫռдڵһƣһʱ޷ݳռʵ
Ҷ粢żϥڿռУһ鼱ٵݡ
ܿʱȥˡ
Ҷƶ£Բ׽ڿռгһ΢ѱ˲
һ̣ƽ𽣻ӳҶĻ꺣ٶȼĹ
ͣ
⵽ƽ𽣻깥һ£üݵ͸оһĿռ䡣
Ȼڶܣ
ҶͻȻ˫ۣٶȼĳһٻɱĻľƻľռ䡣
䣡
ľ˴ɱ䵽޷ĳ̶ȣͻƽ𽣻깥£ռѺԽԽҶظоؿռϢ
ڣҶϵع£ޱȼ͵ĿռˣҶһ뵽ؿռС
ʯţôʯţ
ؿռ䣬Ҷó¹ʯӳռ䣬鿴Χľ󣬷صĿռУɽһ㣬ûڰиߴʯš
ӦûҴط˵Ĺؾʯ֮У
Ҷ绺ߵΡʯ£һѨϵޣƶһʯš
ѨϵҶ˲䱩ǵʮڽ뵽ʯ֮ʱȴ޷ƶʯŷֺ
Ҷ粢ģһ˲ȼ˺Ѫ˲ݵ£ƶʯţҪʯƿ
ʯ̫أҶ罫ʮڽ޷ƶʯŷֺ
ۣħɣʥޣ
ҶһĴٻ˳Լƶȿµʯš
ħһħ۾һħҲһ֮ңټϻ޺ͽѪʨһΡߴɽƶǺȴ޷ƶʯš
ೢΣҶֻܷ
Ҷ٣ʯӦ޷ƿʯ
ϸ۲һʯţʯԱ߷һƴСİ۵
ҪҪҵʯŵԿף
ҶḧһǶʯԵİۣס۵״ۣħɣʥٻǬ뿪ؿռ䣬׼ȥ
ôͳˣ
Ҷڶվ뿪ˣ泤¶һ˿ɻ֮ɫ
żи׼ȥչؼգ泤ϣҶһɵ
ãϷ˵ˣڶΪ㿪ţʲôʱԣ泤ϵ˵ͷ
Ǳ泤ϣҶٻһֻɺףԦֱǰƮڱѰҴؾԿס
ݣѱƮڱ󣬶ûջ
ҪȥѰҴؾԿأ
ؾ̫ԶҪҵؾԿڴ룬ص̫Ҷ޷
Ҷ磡
Ҷĸź뿪ʱһöŮĶС
һϮɫȹƤţ̰ϸ壬͸żƤĻϪͦΣɢǿҽ⣬߼·½滺˹
ʦ֣ʦ㣡
Ҷ翴Ʈţ΢΢һЦ
Ҷ磬ҺʦҪ£֪ӦսϪգƯĴ۾Ҷ翡εӵ
ԣʤλɷһ
뵽˵ݣҶƴǿϰæԼƮҵؾԿ׵ļʽ
Ҫʲô
½˵͸һ˿â
һڹżпĹұȽȤҶ
ԣǴһʱҰǹ
½ҶȽ£˭ƮڵһţҶеĹҲĸȤ׼ҵԼо¡
߰ɣȥ䶷
Ҷûˮ½棬ϪƮ䶷׼н
䶷Ϣһ㴫ƮڣƮڵӷ׷׸ϵ䶷ҪһƮ֮䶷
֪˭ս
Ҷһһƿռ磬䶷ϣ͸һ˭İ
ʦ֣Сɣ
ϪƯĴ۾͸ŨŨս⣬ԾԾԵ˵
ã
½˵ͷ
лʦ֣
Ϫε͸˵Цݣżһ㣬һʢõ壬ƮƮ䶷ϡ
ȻϪοˣƮû˸С츳ųƮڵһˣҶϣȴûһ˿
ҶʦܣСˣ
ϪͻȻųʻҪֵЦݣһ˲Ҷ꺣У꺣в˴ĻԻǡ


1603 ˫˫
ಣ
Ϫ䲻⣬û֮ԻҶʶʱͬһʱ䶯ˣֳһӻҪһЩʴɵһͷǹҶؿڡ
һǹؿֱӱµǹâƥ޵Уſµĵ⣬ɽ̴ܴ
ۿϪһǹҶ˫˸Ż֮ͼҶһָʮڵ뵽ָУһָͷǹǹ⡣
ˣ
һ̶
Ҷһֵָס˻Ϫĳǹµ͸ǹص⣬뵽ϪֱУֱ۳صС
ô
Ϫɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽Ҷ˿ֲһָͻ˹ѸջسǹԾڰУ֯һǹâҶ硣
Ǭ󣡡
һǹâҶû㣬һǬ֮ӳ壬£Ǭ󣬽һǹâ
һǹ
֯ǹâϱ飬Ϫ˲ͷǹںһ𣬻һ·ɶռ䣬ޱȾ޴ǹͼݺݵشҶ絲ǰǬϡ
һǹ侪ˣﵽ˻Ϫļ£ǬָںһٶѼƷʥϪһ̳һǹ޷Ǭ̴
ӡ
󹥻ڰмҶԳʱҶ˫ֿٵŤɫӿ˫֮䣬һö·̺ǳĴӡһе˻Ϫһǹϡ
䣡
ӡ飬޴ǹӰҲ֮顣
µıݺݵغڻϪϣֱӽƷɳȥ׹䵽䶷
ǿҶʵĺǿʦʩչһǹκβ
ϻҶǴ¼ˣܲǿ𣿡
֪ʦܻ𣿡
ҿʦǿȻʦҲǿһ㣬ҶԻʦ㣬࣬ûжȫʦֿҲĶ֣
ҶһӡƵϪ˵һĻ䶷µƮڵС
˵ۣ½ţ۶֮ļһӰ졣
Ҷ磬ܲóʵʵ
ĸĻϪͷǹصڵϣջ˵
ðɣǻʦһȭ
˵ţ켶ͼֳҶ壬ͷ
켶ͼҶ羹Ȼ̶ȣ
Ҷ۳켶ͼڳ˶¶˾֮ɫ½۾ж͸һ˿ɫ
һ̣Ҷ罫켶ͼںһʩչ鲫ȭ˻Ϫ
һȭǰĿռ˱µؿϢɱ˻Ϫ
ƣ
Ҷ鲫ȭϪȼǿѪ֮ʵ£Ĵ̳ͷǹӭȥ
䣡
ͷǹҶ鲫ȭʱһɳϪˣ̵ĳˮ˻ϪϣֱӷԶ䵽䶷̨£˱
ǿҶʵ̫ǿˣʦ㾹Ȼֵסһȭ
Ҷ磬Ȼûʧ
½۾͸ŨŨս⣬һһ񽣳䶷ϣµĽֱҶ硣
ҴûκʧҶɫȻ˵
ã
½һĽ쵴µĽܣ̨ýڵʥ
·½ǽۣ֮Ĥ
ǵۣʦͻƵǵ۾ˣ
о½ɢϢ̨еȷ½澳Ҷ൱ǵۡ
ǣ
½ǿĽʱҶͻȻ̤һ̺Ĳһ
ҶÿһڵƶһԽԽǿѹ½潣Ƶļơ
ն
½һһնһµĽâ˰״һƥĹâֱնҶԴ
䣡
½նĽâϮҶһȭµȭâа½âֱбķʽˡ
׷޼
ҶһȭƵʱ½гһƷȼĳſµķ֮ƹҶ硣
һ붯µĽƾ޾գֱӽҶ档
鲫ȭ
½ʩչɱУҶٵ켶ͼһԲɱĿȭâϵط½ʩչķ޼ƽɱС
Ҷ磬ѵҲʩչƮ콣𣿡
ȻҶĹͣ½֪ҶɱǼƷʥƮ콣䣬Щջ˵
ãʦСˣ
ҶһʴʥУţͼ֣켶ͼںһ𣬻һƬ⺣
Ʈ漫
Ҷ罫֮ݵʱ˲µĵ֮ڽʴʥУն޵еһ
һնµĽâ·Ʈµֱڼ͵ĿռһؽۣնʩչǿɱУȫӭӵ½档
䣡
ʩչɱжײһͬʱˣ޾ĽӰҫ
ȻҶʩչƮ漫ʱûнƽ𽣻Ȼ½ԶԿġ
գ֮䣬Ʈ漫ͺ½ϣֱӽ䵽䶷̨յıԡ


1604 ʯ
ˣʦ־ôˣ
ǰûаɣ
űҶʩչƮ漫䵽䶷̨µ½棬䶷̨Χ۵ڵӲɵõһҶµս
ʦ֣ʦ㣬ˣ
ҶԾ䶷̨Ѫ½ӵϷǸ˵
ûʲôòϣʵǿҷ
½ȻĸҲһˣѵ˵
Ҷ磬ܸңļ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ĻϪ˹ɻҶ
ţȫĵƣӦлǵۼ޴ܣҶ˼һµ
ս㲻ԩϪ̾ϢһҪĹңǰѰҡ
лʦ㣬ʦ֣
ҶϸĽؾԿ׵״½ˣһ˫˫ηĿע£뿪䶷ص˰ԺϢ
磬⼸ȥˣ
ȫǵ۾ƵоҶˣֹͣԺʵ
ҵƮؾΪûԿ޷룬ոҺ½棬Ϫһ׼ǵҴƮѰҽؾԿףҶûĸƵ
̫ˣͻƶǵָտɴˣƵƯĴ۾״˷ܵ˵
ʱһȥ
Ϊ½˴ͣҶһֱڰԺϢ
һһ¹ȥˣûеȴ½ˣĲɵЩ
ҲؾԿף㷢ؾҲûãǿƿؾš
ҶȴϢһУѩһ棬߲ǰݷãдԣ顣
ȻҶʵԶʤŮŮ츳ʶ㣬ǽʱҶǳ׽Ʈ콣ʽƮ⾳
Ҷȴʱ½ͻȻˡ
ʦ֣֪ҵҪĹ𣿡
½棬Ҷ翪żɽʵ
Ҫǲ
˵ţ½ǬָóһƴСͨûһ˿·Ƽͨʯ̵
ԣ
ӹɫʯ̣Ҷḧһ£ȫȷʯ̵ĲؾŵĲһģһ϶ʯ̾ԼҪѰҵؾԿס
Ҷʦܣʯ̴Ҹõоһʱ䣬ûзر֪ܷ֮ңʯкر𣿡ȻҶ缫ĵļ۹½滹ǲһ˿ɣʵ
ʯҴӹżпģܣҪоһ֪źεܣҶ罫õ˵ǵ˳
ðɣоҪң½̺һҶ磬ûٶʣת뿪ˡ
ҵˣ
½뿪ƵҶ緿䣬һƵ
ţҵˣΪ˱ݾߣǵȴһʱȥؾҶ˵ͷɫʯսǬС
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУҶһûºѩһ棬ŮУϾʱƮɽ
һ죬оʱˣƵ͵ǬУڶ⡣
泤ϣڶ֪𣿡Ҷ
ԣ
泤ϵ˵ͷ˽ƣҶ뵽˳֮ڶС
ڶҶٶޣԼٶڶͷȥ
ܿ죬˷ӡؽƵڶͷٻɿճ棬ƿؽƣ뵽īؿռ䣬ɽߴʯ¡
ϣǿؾԿף
Ҷһó˺ɫʯ̣ŵʯ·İС
ã
ɫʯ̳ߴǡôĿڰУҶаϲǿŤʯ̡
ǣ
ʯŤʱûڰʯͻȻµռҵĲ˾޴
ã
Ҷû뵽ʯſ˴Ķɫ΢䣬Ժͷ
˼һᣬû뿪ǵȴʯſؾ֮С
ʲôˣ
ʯŻش򿪣ƮɽƮһڸ֣˳ŲԴڶ⡣
泤ϣﵽ׷ʲô
оڶɫ΢䣬ʵ
಻֪泤ҡҡͷɻ˵
ڶ£δȹ£ڶΪλȿֲ𶯡
泤ϣ֪ʲôڶ𣿡ѩһ峤ѩʵ
Ҷ磬ոֻ뵽ڶУ泤ʵ˵
Ҷ磬ôѵڶдľ޴󲨶йϵŵ˷׷ײ²
ףǵҸҪǿɫʯʯҶҪҲڶͻȻйϵ½ͻȻ뵽ʲô˵
ߣǽȥҶ海ʲô
˵ţŵ˾Ҫڶһ̽
ǸոսڶʱһǸе־Ľڶ˳֮ǿ˲ڶ
һ̣ƮɽгȻ򿪵ʯֱƮɽĿ½ƣ


1605 
Ҷ磬㵽ڸʲô
ŵ˳ֱʯʱֻѪҶʯУһֻתĹ֡
˼³ûи˵Ҷ̾Ϣһת
ȻʯŴ򿪣뵽棬˸ӿµĹֽƣɽ֮ǿ󣬶ɿճǿɹֽʱȴˣֻ֮취
Ҷ磬ﵽʲôطô֪ģɫƵ˵
֪Ʈһ𣿡Ҷ˼һ£˵
ء˵ƮڴµĹأ
ΪƮƮڹһ˵صĴ˵̫ԶƮҲѰңȴδֹأö֮֮˵ֻڹżмأԺС
ţӦþƮصĹڣҶ˵ͷҲһżżȻ֪ֽʦ֣֮õ˴򿪹صԿס
Ҷ磬ƮڣΪضɣüͷ˵
ȿԵ˲ĶҶɫ̹Ȼ˵
Ҷ磬ƮµŲ񱻷֣ݲȾָ
ҲصļֵƮܵõ֮Ʈڵʵܴﵽֲĳ̶ȣпܳΪһİ
ǣ
Ҷ˵ͷûôת뿪ˡ
ףҶ򵥣ǸζԴ½ĿҶȥıӰ
˹۲٣ǿ뿪ƮھͳߣǾһʱ䡣¶۱ɫзؾһϢ֪˽Ϣй¶ȥɱ
ƮΪؾ֣÷লľԱƮɽķߵ߼Ρʯ󣬳ƮɽĶ̫󣬻Ǿ˲
ټûв͸ǽܿƮؾϢһ㴫򣬾ⲻٿµ֪һϢ
һʱ䣬ƮؾǱԶﴫȾޱȱòٴ崹ߣҪһݸ
磬Ը⽫عˣ
ҶصԺԺеĽƣлһˣĵصȴ
ܸ־ڱصãҶҡҡͷؾеĹֽҴ򲻿ֻܽӱ˵ֽ򿪲С
Ͳؾĸֳ𣿡Ƶǵ˵
İɣһжУֲģҶһƵ۵СӵҪģǵȴ
ҶŵȴŵȴЩסˡ
Ƕһܶõ޷ƹֽƣ뵽С
ôƮɽεȻǳضϻӰо̬أüͷ˵
Ҳ޷ȷضƮ˵Ǹǻ̾Ϣһ
ߣһжҶģƮʧۣ֮ҶĲϷĽһ
Ҷ綯ãҡҡͷε˵ҵƮµĹڣ֤򵥣Ƕ͵ڶĻ˵Ʈڴ֮֡
칬ĲԹԼɽˣ
ŵԲʱеܽ
ʼҪ߰ɣȥӭӲԹˣ̾Ϣһ
칬һãųһ֣ǵ£Ʈǵġ
ɽʵ칬һЩɽǵǵĵŲҵѸٴ˽ƣӭƮڡ
ԹˣʧԶӭŽ̬ŵüͣ˵
Źڴµؾˣ֪ԸǷԸ⣬ԸƮڽͬͬˣųһ˵Ĳãһ裬żɽ˵
Թˣ̫ش󣬿ɷһ£ԥ˵
û⣬ĺϢãһԶƮڵģ
һʱҶԹһ𸴣
˵꣬Ŵ峤뿪ˡ
ǵﲻ𰡣ǴвĿĲݵļƣǸô죿ѩüͷšһ˵
ߣȥҶ磬ε̾Ϣһ
ҶĻӰʵ
ŵ˵ͷҶȻҿؾӦ׼ȥ̽̽Ŀڷ磬Ҳн
˵꣬뿪ƮҶİԺ


1606 Ƽ
磬̣رԺнƣ
ŵûǿ˺ƽƣ̬ŵļͣվԺ
λ峤
ŵҶر˽ƣӭ˰ԺС
λ峤֪յкιɣ
ҶƵ˵裬֪ʵ
磬Ҳ㶵Ȧˣؾֵ÷зһݸҪİ̾Ϣһε˵
ңҶһ裬Ȼʵ
ЩȣҸԸ㣡˵
ðɣȻѡҺҾȸһŵҶ˵۽ΣƮڻõؾһݴԵ
ģ
칬;ɽ峤ѾؾеĻԵˣŶǵ˽⣬ǽؾ²ƮκεĻԵҶŵŴϲ
ҼȻ˵һҶ˵ͷն˵
ãǾһΣ
Žҧһεѡ
ȻңͰ˵ȥҶЦЦ˵
˵
ţ̰ͼؾǰһͬ뵽ؾУҶ
磬ҾƣþƱøӣѩüͷ΢΢һ
ֻһ棡Ҷ˵ͷҪǣؾнƲ򵥣Ҫ˵ƿؾƣԽ࣬ؾеΣԽС
иҪһ㣬ؾƮ£ؾеĽƶӰޣȴ˺ܴҲǿԽᣬһ¸ΪƮ»
ãǾͰ˵
˼һҶĻȻЩðգѾ˾·ֻˡ
ڰԺһᣬҶһϸڣͷصƮԸ칬ɽһͬؾľ˲ãˡ
ţŹرƮɽĽƣ滢ĸ뵽Ʈڡ
һʱ䣬ƮڳΪֵţѶþԽԽӡ
ǲǿԴȥؾˣ
ãȻջͬؾԵľԼʵ칬ĵ̣˵
ã߰ɣ
ŵ˵ͷɽľ޴ʯ£ֳؾԿףΡʯŽ뵽棬һͬƽֽơ
磬Ѿʯţ㣬ҪҪȥ
ƽֽʱһϮɫȹζѩƮҵҶ磬ʵ
ڻʱ򣡡
ҶֽƵǿƽ⼫пżǰؾ֮С
ֽƳ󣬲ã˵򶥼һ֣ͬƽҹδƿֽơ
ֽԽԽ֤ƮؾеıطͬСɣᶨŲãƽľġ
˺ƽ⵽ʱһ޵еսƮϿգµϢҰŵƮڲٵ
սˣ
гֵһ̻Ź·սѩƮϳս
壡
Ҷͫһ뵽ǻʵĳ塣
Ƶϸɢһ˿ѩƮ첶׽
ôг𣿡ѩƮ콫ĿͶƵʵ
ǰɣҶ纬˵û˵ʵ顣
磬Ҳ֪㵽кαȰ㾡Ҫ壡ѩƮѵĿ²ģǱԵİһ壬л񣬾һ칬޷ǿ⡣
İɹǻעģҶץƵỬСֵ
ϣȥѩƮ̾Ϣһ
峤û뵽Ҳˣ
ɫۣͦΣ߼شƹӰãϳ峤ոͻƵһǵ񾳽
ô֣ٵ壡ʵȲãǿʮ౶¶˸߰Цݵðǰ㲻ְɡ
ôᣬ֪峤һӭ
ȻʮǰᱦŲ¶κεĲ̬ŵü͡
ʵĲ࣬ǿʳʵֻ۸ҧʡ
ֵþƱøӵĸӣҶ֪һ֣Ҳеһ˿֡
ȻħʵԶʤ̫أܷӼʵ
޷ֻܼȴ
ֽƵһʱҲ޷ǰƿ
˶ƮؾеıԽڴϧ۵ȫƽ⡣
ڣ˺ƽ˽һʱ䣬⵽Ĺֽ˵ѿһɿµĽ͸Ѻ
ˣˣ
űѵĽѺۣѾǧĸִϲӴ˹ȣҪһǿкƹֽƣ뵽ؾ֮С


1607 Ʈؾ
飡
һͷһַ·죬̺޾֮ĹӳĿĹâһ׹䷲̫ײ˲Ѻ۵Ĺֽơ
Ʒͨʥ֣֮û뵽Ȼ˱ˣ
Ĺ֣ã˵ɫЩѿ
ǱʵͲִͨʥʵȫѹǣ󽵵ǶؾԵļʡ
ˣ
ֺֽ֮ʱŵƮڸֲԼͬˣԶֽơ
䣡
һı𣬿µռ䶼
⵽ֹֽ֮ƵѺ۸࣬͸ѺۣԼ˹ֽгһš
ƣ
һ֮֮ݵ£ּ֮ײȥһٺ˹Ĺֽơ
һ̣һɳĹֽбµĻ֮ϯأﲻƵ쫷磬ϯ˸֣˲佫ûˡ
ȻֽҶ²һ㣬̺µĻ֮⵽Ȼ𹥻֪ж˻ɥ
ԤеΣգʯ֮ŵӹһ٣׵壬칬ɽʥصʵȴʧء
Уֽ칬۾ܣ壬ɽʥҲ
һ̰ͼƮؾСȫûǰĸȫֽƵ飬ʬ޴档
ôˣʲôըˣ
оƮɽͻȻ뵽޴УɽѺۣѩƮɫ΢΢һ
ϲֽˣҶ绺վһԶѩСӣѩʦ㣬ʦ߰ɣȥؾ
˵꣬ҶŮ뿪˰Ժǰڶ⡣
ţ㣬ǲֽ֪Σգ
ֽܵƱըϳأΪǱĲã뵽ŭУŭŵˣ߳ŭ
Թɾԩˣؾ˲֪£ƮڶĽ٣ǲжΣգ
ŲãŭŶͷð˿ſź飬ֻܲϵر
˲ԹӦòǣֻһ⣡
ȫڵ֮Уɨһŵˣ䲻ȵ˵
˵꣬ٻһصսˣ˴īĿռţɽƮؾС
ߣ
ãһŵˣͬٻ˵칬֣˽뵽ƮؾС
汣ӣϣ˴ƮؾܿƮ
źܺõ۾еĬţܷؾնȫҶϡ
磬ˣ
ŸӵĽ뵽ƮؾУŵ˲ûн棬ֱǵȵҶ˵
߰ǽؾ
Ҷŵ¶һŵЦݣǽ뵽ƮؾС
Ũ
ɽؾҶ緢ƮŨٵطҺ壬һھ˾泩ѡ
ţ󣡡
ûãҶ˷Լǰһ޴Ĵ󣬶ãͨ뵽ؾ
Сӣץң
ҶץƵỬС֣
߽󣬴֮ڴй˲Ҷˡ
һ̣ҶоԼֱһСֽסʧھ޴ĴС
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãҶǰİ׹ʧˣҶ緢ԼһƬïʢɭС
֮⣬ֻнֵƵԼ޾׵ѩһ棬ȫˡ
ȻҲ²һǴ󣡡Ҷѩһѩʦ㣬ҡ
ţҾֵܵõĻԵ
ѩһɿҶָ֣Ღһ´ĳ˵˵
ȻǾ߰ɣؾкλԵ
ҶԸܣӦһᣬƵѩһŮԶɽַȥ
ոշһᣬһ˵˱У˳˷һ׶ߣͨɫ׶̵ʮŻɫ۴СĹʵ
ʥ
ʮŻɫʵѩһϳǴ˵еĻʥÿһŹʵļֵƷʥԻ֮
ʥļ仺Ҫ׶ߣɻʥҪǧ֮á
ǰĻʥҶûΪԽػ֮Խ¡

ݸӦҶĿ˻ʥһѺҶҶ¸оΣա
ʥޣؾйȻΣգһֻĳʥޣ
Ҷһٻ˻ƽ𽣻꣬£ͻȻ˺Ҷ
໣
ͻƽ𽣻깥һŭ
һֻȫ鲼ɫƬͷһž޴峤֪Ҷ˻С
ֻʵֲ⵽ƽ𽣻깥ӲƬأʳ˴Ѫ
ǲҪ֣ң
˵꣬Ҷȼ˺֮Ѫʮڽֻŭĺɫߣս
ɫȻ£Ҷӵǿһһ߼ҵɱϻΧһС
Լʱ䣬Ҷʩչ鲫ȭźɫߵߴ磬µӲ۶Ĳӡ
һ̣ƽ𽣻̴˹ߵԴޱȵĹֱӴ̴Ӵɱ
ľɣ
ǿƻɱ˳ʥ޺ɫߣҶ罫ӴսǬٻľɻʥժʮŻʥƵѩһƽˡ


1608 
磬㵽ôΪ˵Ŀ£ֿܳȭɱʥޣ
ѩһʥ޵ǺεȵĿ£ȫ鼫ƷʥҶ粫ɱʥȴ˵ɣѩһԾѡ
ΪһʥҶ纬Ľ͵߰ɣǼǰҪĿԵ
˵ţҶٻ˽ᣬŶŮԼٶƬޱߵɭȥ
ţǰʲô
ҶƬɭзʱ䣬ɱֻʥޣժݳʥҩʱͻȻǰһŭĺӿٶȷ˹ȥ
ʥ޴رܣ
Ҷ˷ɵһվɽʱɽ棬һɫۣȫֳ֮һǹﵽ۾ľһֻʮɣȫëֱ۾Ѫɫĺܴս
ֻɢĿϢߴرܣʵﵽ˳ʥ޵ȼ
໣
رܱһ󵽲ƣʮڽĴӣµӲѹӴ̳ĳǹӲˡ
飡
ʵдرܣ³һǳһ㣬ɢ¹ӣ˴رܡ
䣡
⵽ޱȳص鹥رӴϱˣӴײΡɽϣɽҡ
飬飡
ٻɢ¹ӣƵϳǻʵĵһ顣
Ǿ飬ӦþǻɱǻǰܡҶ˵ͷ
磬ɱΪ汨𣡡
Ƶ޵ؿӣҧгݵ˵
ãңȥɱˣΪǻǰ𣡡Ҷ˵ͷ֯ɽӰվɽ·ȥ
о˷ĴϲҶ£廤飬ֻɱرܣʱһϷػĻԵ
û⣡
Ҷȼպ֮ѪƷʥʥ֯һ콣ӰӲֵס˴رµơ
ʵ
鿴ҶһرܵĹİϲƲϱ󣬻γɰ鹥˴رܡ
ȫ˲䣬ͻȻоΣգɫ΢䡣
ʱҶʥںһ𣬽ʩչã߽ն
һնƾ䣬µĽݻشﲻƵݺݵնϣƿӰкݺݵ䵽˵ϣѪ罦
ʥ
͵Ϯ֣Ҷٻʥݵ£ʥ״ɱ˲顣
໣
Ҷȫʱ״̬еĴرһһΡĸɽͻȻײҶ磬Ҷײһ
رƣǿޱȣɽҶײʱȴһ˿ʧأҶ籬ʮڽײˡ
ǿӲرܣҶ绯һӰ䵽ɽ֮£ص鷢
ģ㵽ʲôˣѵ屨
ѪҶŭҶʩѹ
ɱľˣ
Ҷᣬ֮£ϵʩչµɱУ飬ȫѹơ
Сӣ͵ıɣ
صһݻʩչܡ
һģ
˵ţҶͻȻӿıʱ٣ǰ
ţҶֱһӣ˿ռ䣬ܵ·ߡ
Ʈż
ȼѪǿдԽϿռʱҶʩչĿǰյǿһУնһ·ԶţصĹż顣
һرҵĿռгһǳǳѺۣйĵ⣬ݺݵնϡ
ͣ
Ȼȫ㣬绹ǱһУѪ罦
飡
һش飬Ҷ罫ħƷʥȼشڽ齣ٻ˳趯޴ʥնɫޱ顣
飬
Ծ齣Ĺʧȥ۵ֻٻȫ
Ҷ籬ʮڽ趯ľ齣£ǳֵסҶһնɣݺݵϣݺݵɽУɽҳһӣŷԲ﷢˾
໣
Ҷȫɱʱرֳ˹˾ŭвҶ緢͵Ĺ
ʱһӰ˴رǰ֯һĽӰ˴رܵ˫ۣɢľ޷ȫҶ硣
ȥɣ
ѩһȫֵرܵʱҶɳľ齣ﲻƵĹһأϣֱӽ⣬ڲɽһ׵ĺ蹵


1609 ʥ
棬Ϊ㱨ˣ
Ŀһ̣ƵĪһ£ĳҲһɢ
ʱҶ˸ммҶΪڵһС
գ
ǿƻɱ飬Ҷ
໣
ʱرܷŭһ͵ĶµƣſµشƣѩһĹݺݵ
ۣ
ȻѩһܿرܵķŭһǱµشƺ壬Ӱ׹
ؼʱ̣ҶӲѺ۵зɳһѱסѩһ壬§˻С
һ̣Ҷ籬֮һŷϮǣݺݵײϮĴرϡ
ʮڽ˲䱬˴رУعǣӴýڽڵİˡ
Сӣչ˺ѩʦ㣡
ǿײ˴رܣҶѩһƵֳɳľ齣ն˴رܡ
䣡
Ҷ籬ǿ£رܽڽڰˣǿ׳ɽϱ齣ѣѪ罦ڲѺ۵ɽл㼯һѪϪ
⵽شȫŭ˴رܣŭһһ㹥Ҷ磬Ҫ˺ѡ
Ҷʵ̫ˣټϾ齣ﵽ˼ƷʥȼµĹϵ˺ŴرܵĹơ
໣
ŴرʹİһҶֳ־齣һն˴رܵһֱۣش
ֱ۱ҶնرܵˣϵķɱҶ磬Сܡ
ܵ˲䣬ȴҶ粶׽齣ںһ𣬽Żƽ𽣻꣬£һն˴رܵĲӴӶ
ɣ
Ҷ͵غһȭʮڽ㼯ȭУһȭڴرܱѪȾԴϣӲԴɱ
գ
ǿƻɱ˴رܣҶʬսǬУ͸˻޺ͽѪʨɴرܵѪһʵ
ѩʦ㣬㻹ðɣ
Ҷ˻Ѫȫ˵ѩһߣĵʵ
û£
ѩһ³һ
ѩʦ㣬ָңҶ
ѩһһһҶ磬˫峺Լֵݸ
ѩһỬС֣Ҷ֮ͷųǿ֮͸ģ壬ˡ
ǿ֮
ѩһһ𣬲ɵÿһҶ磬оһԼ
⿴һԵƵʱ̾ϢһӡԼġ
֮£ѩһƿٵϣʱͻָ
Сӣ֮͸ˣ
ȻҶ緢֣Ʒʥʵû˽͸Ƶ
лл
ƵؿҶ磬飬Ѫս
ƣ
ҶֽöǬָ˳һһ˽ָеĽƣѩһ棬ƵϷ
廤ƣϷʱҶÿ˵õһƷʥƷʥʥٵʥԼƷ쾧Ʒ쾧
߰ɣȥرػǺεȵʥ
ϷҶɵصɽУɽȵľͷһ׶ߣű亮һֻչ߷ɱһ滨
ʥȻǱʥ
滨ѩһϳһֻڹżвܼʥ
ѩһƫʥΪãõʥͻƵǵ۾硣
磬Ƶʥø𣿡ѩһҧһ촽õʥҿԷĻԵ
ʦˣʥûãʦ˰ɣҶЦЦ󷽵˵
лл
ѩһм˵ɵ˱ʥԣݵ£ǿѹʥ
ড
ʥ⵽ѩһѹʱһֻıӰֳ˺ѩһѹ
켶ͼͼѹ
ۿѩһݵĵⱻӰ˺ƣҶ۳ͼѹ˱ʥӲѹˡ
գ
ѩһٻöļƷʥ˱ʥΧֵսǬָС
ߣǼѰԵ
ȻժݳǧʥҶ֪ЩֻؾͨĻԵҪõģǰܸڵĿԵ


1610 
ʱһȥ
Ʈؾ䣬Ϸżҵɱ
һѵһİǧﲻϱߡ
˾ʮʱ룬ӽƮؾģΣҲԽԽ
УСĴؾпµĽƣ⵽˿µĽ֮ڼžɽС
ţǰдǿȥ
Ҷǿǰ֪ҵĴϢƵѩһؿ˹ȥ
ʵĴܣƸԵıһֻűͷһԺɫ򣬴ﵽʥ޵ȼҵɱ
칬ˣ
ϵķΣԶһľеѩһϳǵݡ
칬壡
Ҷ΢΢̣뵽һƽҵļı
ңǧҪҶҪǷ֣Ҷ紫һѪȫϢɱɽȿ
ɽʱӵõͶӰ˳Ѹˡ
һ̣һɫۣɢŨŨ֮ӳҶǰ
űʯ칬ܣ
Ҷ罫ɱõһıʯͶӰ칬ܣ޻塣
ţͶӰ⵽˭ٻȵͼͶӰ
ͶӰڶ½޵еĴɱȴֻͨһ۾ͶӰٿ۾Ĵ¶˲֮ɫ
칬飬ȥɣ
ͶӰ칬ܣͻȻһеıʯһǿı˲˳ߺɫ칬ܡ
Σʱ̣칬ܷ׷ٻķƵֵʯԱ
ǵֵ˲䣬ͷͻȻǣſѪڣҧסһѪ죬ʧص칬ֱ֣ҧԴͼ򣬽ҧ
壬Ǻñɣ칬ˣ
ʣµ칬֣һ۲ͬ飬ԥʩչѪɽ֮ȥ
ģոͶӰĸ쵰ٻģ
Ʈؾ̫գΪ˵õؾеĿԵ칬ڰнˣ׼ʳؾԵ
ɸոշһĻĽ˳Ѻۣ뵽ʧܵĺĻðɣ
ң
Ҷƻ֮ͼûģ˹
飬ѵûнӵܴѶ֪ƻƻĺܷŭ
ʲôܴѶûнӵҶװɻ˵
㡭һܻ˵ˣȻɱֻͷĽѪľͰɡ
˵ţܿƸԵıײеͷɽмҵɱ
飬Ÿʲôٹæ
ͷʵֲܿټٶȼĪٶȹ£ܵƲϵؼأ֮£ֻҶ硣
ãǣ
˵ţҶͷ͵Ĺ
໣
ҶϮͷŭһһֻıͷ˹Ҷ硣
䣡
⵽ҶһͻȻʧأһܡ
һ
Ҷ˲䱻ͷˣа
ƶӣܿҶʱҶ۾ͻȻŨŨɱ⣬ƽ𽣻£עȫͷڱϵܺ󱳡
ͣ
ܵ屻ƽ𽣻׶ѪѪй˳
죬飬㾹Ȼ壡
ܵɴ˫ۣҶ羹Ȼ͵Ϯ
⵽شʵۿʱײеͷڱſѪڣҧסӣ͵һֱӽѪ˺ˡ
飬ҵţŹģ
ʣµȻ벻ͨΪα壬ǰľƶòȥѪľɽȥ
ӵĵ𣿡
Ҷٻ˽ᣬҵһ쫷磬סôܡ
㣬㲻飡
ҶٻĽᣬоҶɢϢȻͬܲµࡣ
֪̫ˣ
˵ţҶȼպѪʵޣܷ͵Ĺ
ͷսأ⵽Ҷ糱ˮĹĹ˲䱻ѹƣƲϵؼء
ã
Σʱ̣ܼתʩչյǿһУãҶ硣
鲫ȭ
Ҷ籩һһ޵еսգһ춯صĲ֮ȭ˲ãУŴ
Ҷʩչʱ˲ʮȭʱǿ̬ãʱܵҲʱ飬ڰлһѪ
ǿƻɱˣҶЯ֮ͷ
ͷսܣ̵ĪٶȣҶӵнᣬıʱ٣ټϺ֮Ѫٶȫѹͷһδν˳ȥ
ľ
ڻѪͷȼǿҶ緢һʱҶٻ˱֮ľƻľӭȥ
䣡
⵽ľͷһ˲飬Ӵһ£ֱӱľɳǧԶصײԶ±ϣһ̯⣬ϵ


1611 ɱ
գ
ҶһͷʬԼۼܵʥǵ壬еĶŮ˹ɽȾͷһɢŽ⣬з·ѪĹľ
ѪľãҾˣ
ŻľĲɱ䣬ԽԽֲľһɳ½Խʥȼµͨʥ
ã
Ů˵ͷṵ̂ͼֵɹĽѪľøҶ硣
ľɣ
Ҷһƻľ˽Ѫľֱɹľ
оľвԵĽѪľӿµѪ⣬ûֹ̬͵Ĺľ
Ѫľ˽ǧ̺꣬Լ£͹£ľĹƲϱƣɫǱѪľҡҷӲ飬޷͸ľС
Ĵͼѹ
оľƽѪľΪҶһ۳ĴͼĴͼںһ𣬻һ־޴ĵḥ̂ĥſռ䣬γɿµѹ֮ǿŽѪľ
Ҳæ
ѩһ棬ƵҲʱ֣ͷųǿĵ⣬ѹŽѪľ
ѪľĿ³Ҷ˵˺ѹȻ޷ûľƽѪľԡ
ħɣ
֮£Ҷ罫⿪ȫӡﵽһħħٻ˳æ
ÿµħȻȵƣ
оħɢħѩһĪĲһ£һָоħɵʵ֮ϣ´ﵽһħ硣
໣
ħ쳤Хһͷųħ籼ӿĳˮϯ˽Ѫľȫѹơ
ħɰѪľ˲䱻ѹƣʱľٴɫ룬ɹڽѪľУɹľ̺
ԼʱȥˣѪľ̺ľȫɣһĿľ
ľݽǧĽѪľﵽٴɱļޡ
߰ɣǼǰ
Ҷóɱ˵õսƷŮϷ֮󣬼ؾȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻؾһɿµХХ֮ǿҰؾ
ţؾԶһֻ޴ɽ꣬ѿѪڣ˲칬֣ˡ

ڷŭĻɱʱһŭߴ
ɫۣӷ·ռںһ𣬾Ͷ䶼شƵˣͨʥ֣֮ɽꡣ
䣡
ſµֺ֮ӲޱȵĹʱӴԼ칬֡
峤·һŵŴԵӹһٵ
ŵ۾һ˵Ƕ˺ֻм꽻ˡ
˵ţݵ£Ժµλ֣֮͵Ĺꡣ
Ȼֻǵ޴ܵʵһǵĹ̫Ӳ֮͵Ĺһʱ䣬δܺƹǵķ
໣ɶˣҪǣ
ŭһ͵תӴһ㹥ˣҪײ
峤㣡
ֳ֣֮Ӳ͵Ĺʱһ쾪װը졣
칬ǵ޴ܲãֳ칬֮ͨʥãնꡣ
һնҵĿռгһصۣµĲãӵһ㣬ݺݵն˼ӲĹϣӻĹơ
ţִ֮йſµĵ֮ϣӲӰ䵽ҷУ˴ˮ

׹䵽˲䣬ã˱֮켶ͼУ˲סӴ
֣֮𣡡
ץסᣬģ֮͵Ĺ
Ͳãϵع£ӲޱȵĹǳ˵ѺۣѪ͸ѵĹ͸˳Ⱦ˴ĺ
һ֣ɱ꣡
ɹش꣬ã֣ʹ͵Ĺ͸Ѻ۵Ĺףش塣
ʱƣٴ͵ؾĸҵĴ˹ҶˣҲ˳ʹĺϵ˱ѪȾ⡣
ޣһֻޣ
ųã˿ը꣬ݵоֻǼµޣ亱
໣Ǹһɣ
ۿˣѶϵɥȪͻȻһޱ
ãˣ
֪Σգãֺˡ
ٶ̫죬ܵ˲䣬Ӵըˣγ˻صŷԲռ䣬˲ը˽ʮ֣شã޵еĴڣѪȾա


1612 ŵ
ˣ
ѪȾյãˣҶİϲ
ĴڣҶ˼вҶҪõƮؾеĿԵҪˮһգпɥڴˡ
ƣ
һʥȶһƣű֮֮ͼӡһƣ˲棬¶˲ں׵һ͸Ųɣ֮еĹŵ
ŵ칬ˣκ˵Ⱦָɱ⣡
Ȼã֪ĳͻھ޴ǰû˺Ƥѡ׼ûƮؾеĿԵ

ȻŵеĻԵӦƮڣ壬칬ȻǰŸŭԣֻҧʣſԵߡ
ƮڲȾָŵɽҲ飬ֻܴžɽǰ뿪ѰĻԵ
֣֮ƽƣ
סֹ֣֮˹ŵҪԵǿƵƣ뵽档
ƮؾеĽ󣬾±ǨȻûһļ
ã˰ʱȻûƿƵļǶ˵üͷšһ
ѵ޷ǿƿƣԺͷɵýĿƮƮš
ţĿ
峤֪кηԸŷŵ̬ʵ
һѪã˵
ǣ
ŲΥŵҧָƳһѪ
ȥ
һŵѪ˹ŵơ
ˣ
ںŵľѪŵͻȻĽ֮ӳأ̵۾
ȻһƮֱϵ˵Ѫܴ򿪹ŵƣоŵԽԽϸֳЦݣŵؾΣأ͸߰ɣΣҲܱ
⡭ԥһ¡
Ʈʵ̫ؾиòԵɣԸߣҿԷһЩԵ
ΪҪôƴ󷽵˵
ðɣǾͶл峤ˣ
֪Լûѡ̾ϢһòЭˡ
߰ɣǽŵŵʲô
˵꣬ãŵ˷뵽˽ʧĹŵС
ŽŵʱҶǰһƲлϣӹŵеĻԵ
ţţ
ŵ˷һʯĹŵƯţзӡ
ٽ㾫Ѫһã۾б⣬ݿܵ
ã
ŵ˵ͷҧָƳһξѪ˵һš
ںŵľѪŽˮ㲨ʧˣ¶һų߾Ŵ糤ͨɫǹ̻·ˮ㣬ǹ⴦Ƕһؾʯĳǹ
ͨʥ
оǹϢã۾ʱˡ
Ȼ֧ڰͨʥҲֻ࣬
һ칬ǽͨʥȼıǺεȵϡٶ
鷳򿪵ڶŽƣ
ͲãûпҪͨʥȼɫǹĿͶ˵ڶŽƹš
ã
̾ϢһýĿӰͨʥߣƳһξѪڽ˵ڶŽƹϡ
ںŵľѪƹŵϵ½ʧ¶һöʵ޻ûп̻κ·ƼͨǶһֻ¯
Ȼ¯ͨſ¯ʱ۾ҲƲˡ
񣬿ȫ϶¯ɫǹҪһͨʥ
ƮؾȻ鴫ñУ¶˵ЦݣĿͶĽƹţ֪ӡźεȱ
ƣ
ĵƳ˵ξѪڽŽƹС
ǣҩ
ƹʧ˿۴СͨɫŰƣɢŨŨҩĵҩڰС
һŻɫҩҩ㣬˾һƮƮȻĸоȷŵҩӦżֵɹİͨʥ
峤ԹΪǴŽƣ֪ǿɷһŰͨʥ
ͨʥļֵ̫ߣܵõһţͨʥҩ̤ϵܴ֮ޱȼʵ
żƷʥ͸ɣǬָóһƿӸš
ãҲóżƷʥ͸š
ȻƷʥҲޱ󣬵ͨʥȣֵͲ̫Զˡ
һŰͨʥԶһʮżƷʥҲûԸ⡣

˵̬ȣ֪ͨʥԵˣ̾ϢһżƷʥǿ
峤¯ҪˣʣµĹΣ¯ļֵߣãȿѯʵ
ԣ
ոͻƵһǵ񾳽磬Ҫͨʥ̾磬˼һ£մӦ


1613 Ҫ
Ҫˣ
ͲãϷֵɹıʱһͳبŵͻȻڹŵ𣬴Ƕ˶С
˳Դǿһǿ׳̤ųصĲһ
ÿһŵһ£·߼Ĳһˣһɽ
ʲôˣ
ͻȻ֣âڶӣһ񾳽ɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʲô˲ҪҪǲ͸ҹԶһ㣬ұǣ͸˭İв
ôĿҪƾʲôң
ãѶԼʵ൱Ŀӡ
֣֮𣡡
һƷͨʥֳָ֮壬³٣ǳܣµ֮ͨ죬ŵѸٺˣⱻȿµϯ⵽֮֡
ͨʥû뵽㻹Ⱥö
۾бǹ⣬Ӳϵرһѹɽ弡У޵
ħħ
оӵ˲䳬Խڣɫ䣬µ˿ӵݡ
Ȼ򶼺ѼħħȻħӵǿͬȾм޵УӵͨʥħȻеһ˿ѹ

ħԵػӦٻҶľ齣ڽն齣ն
ħһնռ䷢˾𣬿µĽâ·𽫿ռһ㣬һµѺۡ
ħһ֮ɫ΢䣬ֽ֮еֵͨʥֵ齣Ĺ
䣡
һ𣬶ʱùŵռ䷢ѣһʯǲϵط顣
໣
ɿµҶԳʱħͻȻ˾쳤Хµ籼ӿĳˮɫ䣬ǿĲã
ãȻǵ޸֣֮ʵ̫󣬵ʥ飬ҲתʥǵԱġ
ˣ
⵽ħͷŵĺãһ𣬷Ӧһ˿ٻ
һ̣ħƣ֮ǿ˺ػ֮ڲãǰĥ̰Ĵ֣һѿס˲ãԴסˡ
㲻ͰѸոߵңԴħԵޱȵ
ãҸ
Ŀ²ãᣬΥѸٽһöǬָ˳ݸ
ãɽ㽫Ȼûɫ΢΢һ䣬Ųã
꣡
䣬ħָ͵طµӲ˲ãͷǹǣѪ˲˳Ⱦ˲ãס
ҪɱңҸ
ã칬дõʱӻѸٽеǬָݸħ
ӹǬָħͷǿ͸ǬָС
ͻȻã۾бһ⣬ͻȻǬָеһǿ֮ߺħꡣ
ħȻʵ£ͻȻ⵽ǬָķӦȻһ˿ٻ
ץסתŵĻᣬãڵ˱ĵӲħԼٶȥ

ħع͵ѹ֣һռ䣬ѹ˲ã
峤ң
ۿħѹµĴֽãѹ⣬ʧĲã
֣֮ƣ
ݵ£֮նħû֣ǿ˺֣˲ã
ãδõһ˿ϢĻᣬͻȻоһɿµѹȸгԼԣŵû꣬ϧ۵ʩչѪҪܡ

ã˲䣬ħǰһץס˲ã֣֮Ӳ˺õұеһöǬָ
峤ˣɱ
ұ۱ħӲ˺ѣ۵Ĳãʹధħ̫£Ҿôһ仰Ǳӳ˹ŵ
̫𣡡
û뵽ʱ̹һ񣬱ħɫ࣬һ߿֮͹һݻڻһͨûһʹӡħ
ߣƾոͻ֮ң
ħһǿ趯齣ĹƣǿŵͻΧ
ôˣ
ŵдľ޴󶯾ڹŵΧ۵ĸ¶˾֮ɫԾȻظִڣ칬ֿʧȥһ۵ĲãǱӳʱΧȥĵʵ
ߣ뿪˵
ħʵ̫£ãħǺأ칬ĸ뿪ˡ
칬˸ո뿪ҲĹŵͻȻˡ
ħˣʩչħһĴͨ˻صһ˿֮ȫӭ
䣡
ǿĹײһֱ˷ԲĿռ䣬ĿռѺĿռµһĻĩһ㡣
ۣ
ħϾδټͨʥֲ̫ӲһħˣһѪ
ɹͻΧûսһ˫˫ηĿע£Զɽ֡
ѪΪǱ׷ʱħѾټ


1614 ڶŵ
Ѱħ䣬˭ܷټͣ
ˣҲû뵽ŵᱻԼƤӵ¶ߣħˣնɱʱնԴйͷֻޡ
ѰħʱһݵĹŵз˳
׷ʲô£ŵекر
ƮѸΧţ֪ոյ׷ʲô¡
ŵرֱǰͨʥͨʥԼŰͨʥӦ峤ͲԹģһħͻȻ֣ش˲ԹŽոڹŵзµ˳
ħƮؾôħڣ˵һ
Ҳ
̾ϢһоƸӵĸӣ벻ҶԺεȷʽΪƮڵõһִԵ
ؾ̫ΣˣǻҪҪǰӰɫص˵
ƮʵͲǿð룬ӿµʥޣпȫûò˴ùġ
أǵ˵
ŻһܣûзҶ磬˼һµ
ðɣ
뵽صҶ磬ƻصĵصȴ
ԼʱʧҶˡ
磬Ʈؾеľ̫ˣ칬ǵ޴ܲãʧȥһۣǻǷԵɣε̾Ϣһ
Ϊħ̫ǿħʮϡ٣ŵ˸ûȥ룬ħҶйϵ
ǳƮؾҶȥΪһݻԵҶ˼һµ
磬̫Σˣؾ֣츳ٸߣҲǵĶ֣ѩƮ첻ĵ˵
İѩֻбֶΣҶ΢΢һЦ¶ŵЦݡ
磬㣡ѩһһ͸Ҷ磬
ãǾͼ룡
˵꣬ҶǱţѩƮˣƵѩһؾȥ
˵ܳɹ𣿡
ĿҶȥıӰѩ૵
֪ǳȥȴɣϣΪƮһݻԵ𣡡
뵽ŵԵҲһȡ
磬ոħйذɣ
һҶ˳һƧɽУҶǷĲѩһҧһ촽
ѩʦΪλң
Ҷ΢΢һЦѩһ޵׵
оŮ˵ĵУӭҶѩһ
ѩʦ㣬ֻҪסҶƮûж⣬һԼĳŵҶ΢΢һЦתƻ
ѩʦ㣬СϢɣҳȥһˣûǰǧҪ뿪Ҷ綣һ뿪ɽȡ
ţһصǬУҵħ
лǰ
Ҷ翴ŷһŰͨʥȫ˵ħм˵
СҶԸܷͬСɣƿһͨʥҵвܴ󣡡ħ³һ
Ȼսܴ󣬵ĻԵͬˣҲǰƵҩҶ΢΢һЦ
ˣҪĶˣȻӦ֣Ȼ㵽ףħ·ϤҶ˼˵
ǰһŰͨʥָܻƣҶʵ
ͨʥ˵󣬵Ա˵ޣͨʥֻѹҵƣ񻯣޷ҵˣħǹ¯ǣ´񣬱лὫش
Űͨʥ㣡
˵ţħŰͨʥҶ硣
лǰҶպŰͨʥǰú˰ɣҾͲǰˡ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪ǬصɽУϢһҹؾѰŵ
ҶΣķؾѰŵʱ˳ʥ;Ѫʥ޷׷ͻ˾磬ﵽʥ޵ȼҶƿص
ţÿµĽƣ
ҶŶŮؾѰڶʮʱݵǰɽɽоһֵĽϢʱƺܿ¡
ɿճ棬
Ҷûǿƽǽʥ޵ȼɿճٻ˳ɽơ
֮ɿճɿӵǿ󣬲һʱɿճͽⳡµĿռһ󶴣Ҷɽ뵽档
ŵȻһŵ
뵽УҶ緢ֽ³һֺĹŵڹŵ˯һֻ峤ףɽһ㣬ͨɫȼŻľ޴ʨӡ
ޣֻʨֻޣ
ǰֻɫʨӣҶȷֻʨ뵱ֻһѵһмޣǵ޴ܡ
ǲغˣֻ޸ң
Ҷ罻һһ˹ŵֻػŵ֪µм޺ɫʨӡ


1615 ɱ
࣬ﲻӦĵطҪôڸҹҪô
ɫʨ˱ĥ̻Ҫ۾һҶ磬ײе˵
ҪŵУÿҿԲɱ㡣
ȻǰɫʨɢϢֲܿҶһϢĸоûʾԵػӦ
΢࣬
ɫʨӱҶĻȫŭˣѿѪڣ˹Ҷ磬Ҫ顣
Ƶ粻°ɣ
ڰѩһ濴ҶΣգһŵʵ
İѩʦ㣬粻³ç֮ˣҶǺɫʨӣбʤİգ
ѩһ޵¶֮ɫƵ̾ϢһҲһ
ۿɫʨҶϣҶͻȻʧ
һ̣ĿߴһΡɽУ᲻ɴݵɢ˺ɫʨ
ħħҶйϵ
Źֵħѩһɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫ
Ƶ絽ʲôˣô˿ֲħ
ټħοʵﵽ񾳽ħѩһҶݲǿҵĺ档
ѩʦ㣬Ҳ֪ʵݣһȷƮûж⣡Ƶĵ˵
˵֮ʣħֳ־齣һ˺ѿգն˺ɫʨӣµĽƱźɫʨӲУѸһ㡣
䣡
ɫʨ˲䣬ոڵλóһ׵ĺ蹵µĽη
໣ħô뵽ģ
ɫʨӴħϸоŨŨΣϢѿѪڣʵ

ħûлشɫʨӵĻ˲佫ڽη˺ɫʨӣҪѸٽɱ
ħЯ֮Ϯ޿ɱܵĺɫʨ趯ʨצȫӭ
䣡
һ쾪װıڿռ
ħɫʨӻʾڹŵ֮ϼҵɱ
ɫʨӵĹȻ֮ϣķȴԶԶ꣬ħ޵Уܿ죬ɫʨӵĹƾͱħѹơ
ƿռľ齣նںɫʨӴϣһĿĵĽۣ罦Ѫ
໣
Ʋϼأȫŭ˺ɫʨӣϷŭĳХĹ͹ٶޣħɱ
ħ̫ǿ󣬺ɫʨӷʨצ޷ƿ
ʲô
ħɫʨӼɱɾʱ˲ɢڸĸ֣Ƿ׷׿鿴
ǿҲĽƣоռ䲻ϲʱŵɫ䣬ҿ׷ͨԵֶΣһϢ˸Ķ
ܿ죬Ϊ׵Լٶڶŵ
СʨӣҵҪֵܵ񼸽
ħ˺۵ĺɫʨӣȫѹơ
ȼգ
ֵסħ͵Ĺ²Ѫ۵ĺɫʨӲϧ۵ȼǿ֮ѹƣħмɱ
ǰٵȥˣٵȥ˻ʱ鷳ˣ
ǬеҶ磬ħٳ޷նɱɫʨӣɵôߴٵ
ðɣǱ;ȫնɱ
ħһƣһʵ

ʵħ׼ͨʥ㶦㶦ϵرѹ˺۵ĺɫʨӡ
䣡
⵽㶦ɫʨӴһ£ɽ㶦Ӱ˵棬ѹ
һ̣׼ͨʥɫǹħУ͵˳ǹ˺գһѿĿռѺۣ˺ɫʨӵĲӡ
ͣ
ɫʨӵɫǹ׶µǹ͸ɫʨӴУϵ
ħһɣ
ɫǹϣɫʨӷ˾ŭҪħһ
Աûôף
ħ˫ֽž齣֮ƺݺݵնһն˺ɫʨӱɫǹѵĲӴӲɫʨ˶ʨͷննɱ
Ǭգ
ħնɱɫʨӵ˲䣬Ҷ뿪ǬǬɫʨʬսǬС
ǰлˣʣµĽҰɣȥǬ˰ɣ
Ȼնɱ˺ɫʨӣħƽһأҶصǬˣѹƸơ
߰ɣǽŵ
Ҷ罫ڰĶŮ˹ѩһѪֹŵĽƣ뵽˵ڶŵС
Ҷ˽ŵʱΪ׵壬ԲãΪ׵칬ԼɽʥصֳɽȼĿռ⣬Ҷ˵·ȫŽƣҪɱУɱħ


1616 
ƹţ
߽ڶŵУҶ翴ŵһŵһƯƹš
ʦ㣬鷳ˣ
Ҷ֮ԽѩһߣҪѪƿŵеĽơ
ã
ѩһ˵ͷҧָһξѪڽ˵һŽƹУһֻа׶ߣϿ̻Ź·ĵ
ʱԴ
Ҷԣͷǿ͸ʱоʮֵ£̺޾ĵ⣬һȼߵıԴֵɹ
ѩһ漷ڶξѪ⿪ڶŽƹʱһͬһİͨʥ
䣡
ѩһ׼⿪ŽƹʱɽĽƱֳ֮ǿƿˣڸԼٶȴ˽
ʦ㣬죡
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ߴٵ
ã
ѩһ˵ͷ˵ξѪ⿪˵ŽƹţõĿͨɫɢŵŰƣҩİͨʥ
ѩʦ㣬㲻ҪҴȥһطأ
ҶѸ˹ŵѩһ棬Ƶ͵ǬС
ţҶٻ˽ܣǧƷ쾧ǬŵͻΧ
ߣ
Լٶȷӳŵһ֮ȥ˽ܡ
꣡
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صڵʱĵǬݺݵش뵽˲Ѻ۵ĵزУܺõ
ҷŵһҪħ
ֵ֮ڶι˽ܼӲ壬
ŵذΧʱԼǿ޸ұ۵Ĳã˹ŵУȴֹŵտҲûħӰҲûκεı
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ҵıռ䣡Ҷ΢΢һЦǽܰȫ
ۣôѩһ滷Ӿɫ˵Ǭʱⷢ˺ۣ¶֮ɫѵ۳֣ѩָʾġ
ѩѩƮ˵Ǻ£Ҷ˵ͷ̹Ȼسϵ
ѩʦ㣬Űͨʥ㣬гһͻƵ۾磬ŰͨʥӦÿͻƵһǵ磡Ҷ罫ոյõٻ˹һŰͨʥѩһ档
лл
ѩһһһҶ磬óһУŰͨʥӡ˺УսǬָ
СӣŰͨʥ㣡
ţҶ罫ڶŰͨʥƵ
ʧ˹ŵеģһǾʱ䣬úһ£͸һⱾԴ
Ҷ罫׶ߵıԴƵǰ
ã
Ů˵ͷΧԴͷǿ͸ԴУ͸Դ̺ĵ⡣
ۣ
ող͸һᣬѩһͻȻһһѪСѪ߰ߡ
ʦ㣬û°ɣ
ɫ԰ף˵ѩһ棬Ҷĵʵ
û£ѩһøɾѪȻ˵ⱾԴ̺켶⣬͸Ķޣ޷͸鱾Դ
Ҵˣ˵ţҶٻһԴʦ㣬鱾ԴڻԵµõģ̺⣬Ų͸ȫ͸ˣٲ͸켶
лл
ѩһ֪ԴؿһҶ磬۾ʼ͸
ʱһȥҶ˶ǬУĵز͸Դ̺µ⡣
ˣ
Ƶ͸켶ԴʱʱڵĵⱩǵ˼ޣˮɰ˾ƿͻƵ˶ǵ۾硣
ͻƣƵһŻɱõһƷ鵤ǿʵ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
Ҷ͸켶Դ򣬶Եոˡ
Ƶѩһͨ͸ԴҲв̶ͬջУѩһͼļ
ʱ뿪ˣ
Ҷ͸ǬоɽֻʣˣûٶȥħٻǬ棬ͻΧ뿪
ɣôһֻɣ
ͻȻֵħɣɽȵĸ¶˾֮ɫҪһʱ佫һϢȥ
ħɽ⿪ȫӡﵽһħ֮ʵֲ
ħײеĹ£ɽеĸֱնɱˣħסһܣԼٶʧڵڶŵڵɽС


1617 ֩
ʲôɽгһֻħɣɱ˸صĸֻ֣һ˳
ƮؾѰԵõ´Ϣɫ˲߳ŭ
峤ħһֱ׷ɱң峤ʲôطֵܻ̿˵

ŭһǽԼķλ
Ʈؾ˶ʮܣټһֱ˵ˣȴֻʣʮһˣΪջܴؾдߴԵص壬Ʊػᶯҡĵλ
ȥ
ҶĿû֮Ƶܣڵĵط
ʱһʱѰңؾзһʮֿµĽƣ֮͹ʱ䣬δƿơ
Ʋƣ˸ְ취ҪľѪ޷ĻĽơ
֮£ֻϵã˵ˣ׼֮һͬƽĻĽơ
ʮղ߲ݵĹĻĽڳѺۣձ֮ǿƿ
ƿˣ
Ȼǿƿ˽ƣ˵ܴͬ󣬲ûлָһͬԽѵĽƣɽһľɽУһ˲֪µĹŵ
ŵҲ࣬һŴ󵽲һֻһС糤ì㵹̣ͨɫ¶֩ϳ˯
ޣ֩롣
ǰ֩룬¶֮ɫ
Ȼ֩ķԶ̺꣬֩ľ綾ľ綾壬ʱпܱ
Թˣʥ֩뼫£ǱҪֿƣлὫնɱûҿ֩룬ʵǿ˹֪λɷǿͼܶʱ֩롣
У
ãͬʱ˵ͷ
ãǾͼ룬ȡ콫ɱŵñ˵ͷ
峤֩ȽϸȤǺɱʬϷΣ˵ֻҪ峤ͬ⣬ŵеıҾɽ
ãӦ㣡˵ͷ
Ȼ֩ʬޱȵ󣬳˼ƷʥãʥصĽʥû飬ͬ˵顣
׼֣
˵ţٻһŷƣ·һصĹͼ֩롣
ʱãҲ׷ٻ˹ͼſռ䣬ǿн֩룬ĴͼС
˻˻˻
⵽Ĵͼ֩ڳ˯ѣŽԼĴͼ˷ŭ˻һ̺綾˿ͣصĹͼ
֣֮Һ䣡
Ĵͼ֩빥ʱ˽뵽˹ͼУƸԵĴ֮͵Ĺ֩룬ش塣
⵽֣֮ãĴ۳змĶ̹Ĵͼ
֩͹£Ĵͼеķϱ䴩Ĵͼ˲Ϣܿȫ롣
ƣ뵽ùͼס֩룬ɱ
ûܣȺеҶ¶һĨЦݣ˳ȥһ˵Ľ䣬ħͶӰ飬ٻһħۡ
ţҶ罫ɱܵõöıըʯˣñըʯĴͼ
վסǺˣԿ峤ɱ⣡
ħͶӰֳԱʯԼٶȿʱַҪ
ʱɽȿײеĺȫħƵħֳʥ֣ɱһ֡
⵽ʥһɫ΢䣬ܵһܣץסת˲ŵĻᣬħͶӰˣԱʯĴͼ
䣡
Աʯըصһγ˿µſռ䣬˺Ĵͼ
ã
ɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽ڹϣȻȱʡ
ĴͼƣǵĴΣգջɱ֩룬Ҳǲʤ
˻˻˻
ץסĴͼ⵽شѺ۵ʱ֩뷢͵ĹӴһδεײĴͼӲײͼвˡ
̫
ۿײе֩ײĴͼȼǿѪ֮ʩչϴУ۳һööɽĻ֮ӡ֩롣
֮ҲĿ£һ죬ͷſµѹѹ֩塣
ȫشȻ鷳ˣ
оͼŭ֩ײ飬Ųã˴
֮£ãȼǿѪ֮Ѫͨʥȫ֩룬ơ
֩Ȼ£ǿ⵽ʩչϴкֵ֮ƲϵؼأӴϲ˺ۣʳīɫĶҺѪҺ
ԽԽأ֩빥ȴԽԽ͡
ܿ죬˺˵ͼвˡ


1618 ش
ʹ͹֩ʱɽⷢ˴ҡ
ħֳʥǿɱһֺ󣬱׷ɱɽȡ
ۿ׷ףɱħɣħͻȻ֣аͨʥɫǹܡ
أ
һ㲻ħֳɫǹ壬ڰлһѪ
ãмˣӣ
û뵽ħͻȻ֣ɫ䣬ϵķ׷ɱħɣɽȥ
𣡡
ħŭ𣬿µŷԲɽ˶˵꣬ǷӦһ˿ٻ
һ̣ħɫǹڽ˵ڶ壬ˡ
ôڱǰ㻹ӣ
֮ʵأħ̤һ˲Խǧףסһƴܵܣһȭ䱬壬ɱ
߰ɣǽȣлѰ𣿡
ħǿƻɱ֣ҶǵԼޱĵˣħħɴ͵ǬУƻ֮ͼûòٴηصɽС
ʱײе֩˺һعͼڹŵ֮ϼҵɱ
֩Ȼ˺ͼƺأ칬ãǲ֩Уйµ֮ͨϵƻ
֣֮𣡡
ˣʥ˿ƸԵİͨʥѹ֩ʱϧ۵֮һھѪ֮ǿݺݵ֩Դϡ
һʹ˻֩Դ֮ѪŶҺ罦˳
Ҫ
ش֩Դ˲ģʩչǿĴͨ͹֩룬Ҫһɱ
ͻȻһ̶ƿ
һľ޽Ƴգڽʵǿ
ã
û뵽ؼʱ̣ħ֣ĴΪջ𣬱ܵһܡ
ܵ˲䣬һߵ֩³˴˿ܹ
ħû˷ѵĻᣬٴ˰ͨʥɫǹɫ΢
ֲ֮֩Դϣ޷ջأֻƾıֵɫǹĹ
أ
һ
ųɫǹϵضһ֮
ۿһǹ壬ٻһʵ޻Ƽͨ鵲ǰӲɫǹһ
ۣ
Ȼֵסɫǹǹ͸ڽ˾޴˫ۺУڽڰˣһѪ˳˳
ã
һ˿ʧʱɱ۵֩³˴Ķ̣塣
ʧص£޷ܣֻܿǿʥ켶ͼȫ
֩³Ķ󣬾һϵܼĹ̴̴켶ͼķȡ
ʱоһɿµĶŵæѹƣöӡ
жħ˰ͨʥ¯ѹ
ݣ
û뵽ʱֹһҪѪľƶΪҾôջ֣֮¯ʩչ崫֮ɽȥ
ϵ磬𣡡
֮ʣħгҶڵڶŵеõ״İͨʥɱ
䣡
ϵռһޱȾ޴磬µĵâƲ񷣬ԳԽʮٵٶȺɱ
֮Ӱ
Σʱ̣ûӰͬķȥϵĹ
¡¡
ϵûһӰʱѵǧɫ磬ƻռ䣬ûӰش
Ƽأϧ۵ȼѪʧڻҵɽС
һܣã˸ӲҾô׷ջ˸ԵĴ֮羪֮Ѹɽȥ
ܿ죬ɽụֱ̂ħˣȫӳɽȡ
ϵ磬𣡡
ڲã֮ززʱħϵɱѶϣ֩룬ش塣
䣡
ϵ͹£Ӵ˺յϵˣصصѪɥȪ
Ǭգ
ħǿƻɱ֩ʱҶˣǬ֩ޱʬսǬС
Сĺܿ£Աʵιеƣһ˶ô˱пܱ˱˲ȫħϵȰͨʥҶ磬˵
İǰһСĶô˱ģ
Ҷ罫ϵȱս壬ħ͵ǬУһڱֵĹŵ⣬ѩһѪƿ˹ŵƣ뵽˹ŵ֮С


1619 
֪ŵкر
Ҷƿصĵţߵ棬ŵֻһŽƹš
ѵƹзӡͨʥ
Ҷ۾һֽһѩһѪڽ˽ƹУǿƿ˽ƹŵĽƣֹзӡĲͨʥһɢɹâͨ尵ɫ
Ǵ˵еĻ
ݵʵ
ؼһһ˵ڿٵ֮ʱ̺Ż֮綼ֵɹ
գ
Ҷ˫ֿٵŤ֮ͼĹӡҪǿн
ͻȻӳɹâ˲ҶĹӡ
Ȼôշ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬֮ľٻ˳Žľշ
ˣ
оľĴڣӳ֮ӵǿңŻľûľ
ಣ
⵽ľҡҷڣӳɫ⣬˻ڹŵмҵĶԹ
¯ѹ
Ϊûľ˳ɻһɱ䣬Ҷȼ˺֮Ѫͨʥ¯ٻ˳ѹ˻
¯ѹ£ͷŵ֮ⱻһƣľҡҷĻ֮һδεعŻ
Ҷ罫ݵ£ԴԴ¯עɫȫѹ˻һʱʱľɫɹڻУ
ʱ䣬ɵĻľһɱ䣬ԽʥޣȼƷͨʥˡ
ɫ꣬ն
ľɻɱʱҶٻ˻ƽ𽣻꣬ն˻ӲնޱĻ꣬սǬС
ͬʱǱӳɽȵã˾һ
ޱĽⶾһƳϵľ綾еŭȴ֮ɢ
Ϊ峤εܹεܴ裬һδλڶʳ
Թˣʥħ𣿡ɫˮʵ
ûУѾܾûħˣãҡҡͷ
ħ״ջ˵
ҾħӦƮйϵã˼һ˵
ƮڣСô붯ħм˵
ҲħͷӡؾУǴ򿪽ƽ뵽ǡɰˡã
ţҲħһֱؾУȻΪڹؼʱ֣߱Ӧǵı˵˵ͷ
峤ħʵܿ£ŵеĻԵߣ˵ʵһɳҪжػԵ죡ãüͷ˵
İɣħɣͳ˵峤Ѿڸϻ;УֻҪ˼ҸһɱħرӦǵĻԵ˵
ʱһȥ
ľʮʱɣ̺ԡ
Ϊڻ̺֮ǿĻ֮ľ֮гһŻġ
ģľ۳ˣ
ȻľĻСĵĳ֣ȴûľʵı仯ǴﵽҶδĲΡ
ؾջ̫ˣľģĴӦòԶ˰ɣҶһľջصС
ˣ
ľҶʱҶйƶҶʵڽڵ
һʱ䣬Ҷʹﵽǵۼޣޱȼ͵ľƿ˵Ѻۡ
ƣǵۣ
ľľҶһٳ˾ƿͻƵǵ۾硣
ͻˣ
ҶҲû뵽ԼոͻǵûãôͻƵǵ۾磬ҲǺεȵ
һ¾磬ҶȻϢ뿪˹ŵؾУصǬ
ǰ仨㣬Ҳã
ħƺأּսһƣΪ˲Ƽ񻯣Ҷ罫ޱĻ
꣡
ħǧ꣬һϳƬʵһ죬̵˶Уڳ˯仨꣬ȶơ
оħȶҶ뿪ǬƮؾѰԵ
ѰҵŵУҶԼּѱؾûзֵŵ
ҶѰؾĽܸʱؾһ̻ŴƵĽڣŸַ׷׸˽ڴ
ڡ
ݵżȻ䲶׽ϢҶϲ
һָоԼѰҵĽܸټпйأٻᣬԼٶȸ˹ȥ


1620 
찡ÿµĽϢ⵽ʲôµĽڣô˵Ŀֲ
֪⽣ܲ͸Ҿ⽣̺Ľ⾳ͬСɣԲ͸ǿԵ
ٴ˽ڴʮɸߣ̻ŹϽ·Ľڣסֱ˽£Ų͸̺ĵ⡣
ͷǿ͸ʱͬʱеһ򽣴ĸоŵɫ԰ף׷׷˲
ڣû뵽ؾлȺö
ѶصĽ
Ȼǰڲͨʥʱȴӽиоͨʥ߽ڷ壬ھ֮
֣֮𣡡
߸ߵԾ켶ͼʥںһ𣬻һֻ·ص֣ץʮɸߣ̻Ź·ĽڣҪΪС
ǣ
ץ򽣱ڵ˲䣬Ľ֮ӿ˽ڣٶȼĹ֣µĽӲ۵ֻˡ
һ̣ϸֵĹ··һ㣬һ޵е񽣣ն
ӡ
˫ֿٵؽӡΧ֮ӿһöĹӡ˽ݻ޵񽣣Ӳһ񽣷ˡ
ԵʵǿƵڵĹʱӿһӰƥİ׹⣬ʮɳľ޽ѿռ䣬µĽâݺƥˡ
ţô
оԼǰĿռܲסһϷűѣ·ʱһ㣬ɫ΢΢ٻһƷʥȼĳУȫ
֮
һڵĵﵽ˼£һâŲ֮ݺݵش˽ڻû޵о޽ϡ
ꡭ
һ𣬲ϵſռ䣬µΧ۵˷׷׺ˣвʵõĵӣң̱ڵϡ
ʩչ֮ǿƵסݻĵڶʱһ罣ɽһĽâٶȼնɫ
֣֮
оһﵽ˵ڶʮҴ⣬ϵٻƷͨʥֵ֮ǰӲɽĹ
䣡
ɽնںǰ֮ʱ˿µıը΢΢һϵˡ
һ˿ϢĻᣬݻһµĽɽնӲЩǱܡ
䣡
ܵ˲䣬ոڵλòѺۣԲһĵǳ˹ѣµϢŵɫޱ䣬׷׺ǧףûһ˸ڿµĽ
峤û°ɣ
һѪ˵˹ĵʵ
û£
øɾѪĿŽڣ¶ջ֮ɫ
û뵽ڵ˵Ŀֲһ񾳽ʵ޷ݻĽˡ
ˣ
ӽڣշڵİ취ʱһھɽ޽ͻȻһ
һ̣ЩðյĿ˽ڡ
СӾȻ뽣ڲ
ɽ޽Ųû⵽ڵĹ뽣ڲ˹¶֮ɫ¶Ľ
ˣ
ھɽ޽ߵ֮£ϯض͸ʱ޽뽣ڲ˹󵨵ߵ˽֮£͸̺ĵ⡣

һϥڽ֮µ޽ţüͷ΢΢һ壬ͬİ취ԼĽ⾳ӵ£ܿ뽣ڲ˹û⽣ڹߵ˽֮¡
˲͸Ͽ̻һϵ··һ㣬йһâϵڽһС
ЩںϽڵʱе¶˷֮ɫеüͷ壬Ҳ¶ʹ֮ɫͨڵӵı飬ɷֱ˭
Խ͸ʱдĵ֮·࣬ǳ
ռ߳ҴĽ֮·һɫۣͨӳڽ¡
ǽ֮⣬ûòҶ硣
ԶԶؿһҶ绺ر۾Լٵݣͷųǿ͸С
һ̣Ҷ꺣ӳĿĽ⣬ƽ𽣻껺ظ˳֣ͷ뽣ڲ˼ع
ڻƽ𽣻ţӦӿĽ֮·ӿ˻ƽ𽣻꣬һӾ˲͸ڵ
ģС
͸ڵḶ̵́ᵽڵ£һָоԼںϽڴĽ֮·ԼԽ򽫸һ¥ؼʱ̵ȴҶңʮֵջҶһָҪҶɱ
ˣ
Ҷ˲䣬ٴݻɴ޵񽣣ͬʱİˣΪǱ
һУҶţȫڲ͸ڵḶ́԰Ρ


1621 ռ
ģСӵ˭˭ʶ
˫ؿƻµҶ磬޲ýǧУʬΡ
ʶ
ã˵ҡҡͷ
СӣҴǱޣ͸꽣ڣڣ˫ݵؿҶ磬ҧгݵзĵ
򵥵һ£µĽߵ˽֮£͸ڡ
Ϊƽ𽣻ĴڣѾ޷һʼǰںϽ֮ˡ
ʱĽֻ֮ʮ֮һĽţĽ֮ʮ֮һûС
˳ɵĽ֮Ʊƽ𽣻ںϣ˴Ϊջ𣬵޿κΡ
ۣ
һģҶʱĽͻȻƣһѪ˳ȥ
ʱƣں˴֮ƵĻƽ𽣻棬һ㱡İ׹⣬̺ٵɱļ
ƽ𽣻һɱ䣬ɱµ켶꣬ͨʥ
ţʲôط
ҶԼݣ͸ʱԼогһصĿռ䣬ֻռʮֵƯݵԸ޷׽
ԣݣ
ҶһޣȫŽڣ׽ƯĿռš
ÿ£Ҷ罥׽˿ռţͨţԼ֪һȫµĿռ䡣
ѵ⽣һռ䣡ѰҵĽܸپռС뵽еĿܣҶ糢š
ȻԸ֪ţȴ޷֮£ֻܼ͸ڣһδε
ƽ𽣻꣬ƣ
Ҳ֪ʧ˶ٴΣҶƶ˽ΣƯš
һ̣ҶƲϷɱĻƽ𽣻һĹ켣УԼٶȹš
ˣ
⵽ƽ𽣻깥صѿһѺۣҶز׽͸Ĵ֮
ڣռ䴫ͣ
Ҷٵԣ͸Ĵ֮뵽ԼС
ˣ
İ׹ӳڣҶ硣
ţһ˫˫͵Ŀע£Ҷʧ˽֮¡
أСأ
ŹʧҶ磬ɴ˫ۣ¶ջ֮ɫ
һָоҶӦ÷˽ڵܣ뵽棬ûҶ磬ŽеĻԵһԼ
Ϊջʱӳһɫƽֹͣ˴佣֮ơ
ҷҪСӲѷɣŭ
⣬
Ҷ紩ԽţԼһϵĴУһʯ͸˰߲Ϣ
룬һ˰񽣣񽣵룬һһɸߣʵ޻ʯ
ȻʯͨҶʯʱȴоϵĲһָоʯҪɱԼԼǬҲûá
С㲻Ʈڵӣ
Ҷµʯʱһ
ƮڵӣҶתƮ콣䡣
Ʈ콣䣬û뵽Ϸ괫µĽˣٴ
ǰǽܸٵػ߰ɣҶһ
ţ㾹Ȼ֪ܸ٣˲֮ɫǴӺδ֪ܸٵġ
ǴӼҸе֪ܸٵĴڣҶʵ˵
Ҷ绰䣬ʯͻȻӳһƥĽâֱҶ硣
ͻʯҶܣֻܾվԭأâ̽Լ塣
ˣ
µĽâ̽Ҷ˲䣬ľҡҷһ£µĻ֮Ӳ̽ҶĽâ
ʲôʵ
ǰÿ˶Լܲ𣿶ҿǰ֤õ˽ܸ٣гһսʵ£һƮڳΪһҶתƻ
вܣ뵽õܸٿɲףҪͨҵĿ飬ʧܣ㽫ɥڴˡ
Ըܿ飡Ҷն˵
Сҿ˻ƽ𽣻꣬ҸĿǣһڣƽ𽣻켶꣬޷Ϸȡ
֪пɲ͸Ľ⾳𣿡Ҷʵ
УһУԲ͸ʯ̺Ľɱ佣ꡣ
ڿԿʼ͸𣿡
ո͸ڣƽ𽣻Ѿʼɱ켶꣬ʯеĽ£ҶԼһһڽ켶꾳硣
ԣˣ
˵꣬ʧһµĽʯ渡ֳ
ʯĽƣҶһϥһɸߵʯ£۾Բ


1622 켶
ˣ
ҶԼݣͷǿ͸ʯ֮ʱͻȻоһǿĵ֮ӿԼ꺣УһѪ˳߿ʳ
ԣ꣡
ʹҶǿѹӿԼ꺣ĵ֮ٵز͸ʯ⡣
Ծһδɱ䣬ϵټҶǰøող͸켶Դ͸ʯеĵⲢѡ
ԼݣҶʯеĵԽԽƽ𽣻͸İ׹ԽԽƽ𽣻겻ϵ켶ɱ䡣
ܿ죬¹ȥˡ
ģˣСôûò˰ɣ
ֿܣСӵʵôܵõеĿԵŪѾ촦
ڽȴ˰ʱ䣬ͷ׷ײ²ҶѾ˲⡣
ɫȴԽԽ֪ΪΣһָо뽣ڵҶܲ򵥣Լֹصȴȥ취뵽УȡӦԼĿԵ
Թˣʥֹ⽣ڿɷֻҪλӦ峤ɱħԸ͸λÿһͨʥ뵽ڵĿ£òڲãˡ
ãһΪ
ã۾һǿ峤ħ֮ͨҲûãһڴӦ
֣
һٻ֣֮עʥ켶⣬ֲ֮ϵر󣬹˽ڡ
ˣ
⵽ֹ֮ڱ̻ĽƷ·һ㣬˵޵񽣣նƲ죬նޣնһУ֣֮֮йĹ
ã
ӣ
ʥʯ
ȫ֮ʣãٻԵİͨʥȫ˽ڣȫһ޵񽣣뾡һа취Žڡ
ڵĿ³
ʹȫ޷ѹƽڵĹƣأ˵ԽԽ
գһ춯صĽɽƳ˽ڣ޾ƻնɫˡ
Ȼֵֵ֮ס˽ɽĻһһ̫󣬲ãأµݺݵ˳ȥ׹䵽ԶɽС
ɶ⽣ڵô˵Ŀֲ
޷ţ֮Ȼˣ⽣ԼصĻԵԽĿ
Ҫܻ⽣ڣ뵽棬ĻԵأһˣһŰ취
ܿ죬ʮʱȥˡ
ۿٽһʱ䣬ϥʯµҶͻȻ˽յ˫ۣһ׹ֵĽ꣬·ƼɵƳ˰׹⣬켶ꡣ
ǰڽ켶꣬Ӧ㿼ɹ˰ɡҶһ޵ʯ
Сĺܲɵ͵Ҫ֪Ѷϵߣȴɣȷʵʸ̳нܸ١
лǰҶһϲ
ȲҪˣҴ㽣ܸǰҸĲӬǼң
ǰֻ۾磬һʵ治Ƕ֣ҶΪѵ˵
ûϵҽ
˵ţʯڵϵһ˰񽣲εضҶ衣
һ̣һʯˣ¶һɫĽꡣ
ʥ꣡
켶ΪɫʥΪɫʯԼǰĺɫ꣬ҶϳǴ˵еʥ̺꣬ص
Сֱһã
˵ţʥڽҶֱУһ˰񽣾Ҷ磬뿪˽ڿռ䣬档
ڿϳˣ
ͻȻ֣Χ񽣵Ҷ磬¶һ˿֮ɫֺ֮
ն
Ҷұһӣ޾ĺ籡ұۣһ޵֮֮һն֣֮նɫޱ
Σʱ̣ٶ£˲һΧĺƶܿ˺âĹ
Թˣʥң
޷Ҷ뿪ʵǿ̶ȣڲãˡ
ã
ã˶һۣ׷׿ƸԵİͨʥҶ磬Ҫնɱõϵܡ
ݣ
ãϮҶΧһ˰Ǭ֮ٵػֵŲã˵Ĺ޷˺Ҷ硣

ҶұһᣬµʥٴαصһռĽâճһն˲ãˡ
ã
ҶնɫâԼãƸԵİͨʥȫ
ץסᣬ֮һھѪֵ֮ǿɱҶ硣
켶꣬ƣ
һĿİ׹Ҷ꺣ոɱ켶һն֮ϣӻֵ֮Ĺ
ۣ
켶ǿӻֵ֮˲Ϣã˱ʥ걬ն˳ȥڰ˴Ѫ
ľѹӣ
˵δܼʱջذͨʥӣҶٻľǿѹ˰ӡ
ɻľɱɲĳ̶ȣѹ˰ͨʥӣ޷ջȥ
ն
ҶϣֻϵնһҵĺɫâնɱԼ֡
ȻؾлĶ֣ȴֵסʥĹ
Ҷ͵Ĺ£ɥǱʥش

ֳ֣֮ӲʥһѪɳǧʱ⣬ĵؿһҶ磬ŽʣǱˡ
һӣԶ칬ɽʥصҲҾô׷׵ˡ
Ī׷ǻȥɣ
ʥûдɱ䣬һ˰񽣣ҶԼӻص˽֮С


1623 һ
ǰΪʲôЩȫɱ
ʶʥĿ£Ҷȫӵлɱ˵ʵ
ɱǼ򵥣Ʈڳܲ𣡡ʥҪ֪ı󣬿֮һĻ壬ɱ峤һŭġ
칬ɽʥرϾĴشǶ岻
С氲ˣʱڲ˴㣬԰ĵĲ͸ܸˣ
ǰܸܽٴ𣿡Ҷʵ
ܣ㲻˵ĺˣֻܲ򽣵ܸ٣ܽߣʥܲ٣Ϳ츳ˡ
ǰ֪жٲʱ䣡Ҷʵ
һ꣬һʱ䣡ʥһ֮ܲ٣ܼȥ
˵ţҶǰһµĹ飬ҶηĽ֮
Ȿ飬ҶѰҵĽܸ١
˵ٰܸ̺ŴµĽУ̺Ľء
Բ͸Խ

һϢҶϥ˽ܸ£Լݣ͸˽ܸУٵز
öĽУ
͸ܸ٣Ҷ緢ֽܸ̺ŴµĽУÿһʽе󵽲
Ҷֻһʱ䣬׼򽣵ܸĽУٲ͸ܸٶԽ⣬ԼԽĲ
ʽеأ
ҶԼٵݣѰŽܸĽС
ʱѰңڽܸзһʽһĽС
һ񣬺ðԵ֣
ҶԿһһھ
ȻܸûнһĵȼҶһָоһеԼԲ͸ܳΪԼһɱﵡ
֮ҶһеԼٵݣ͸һеϡ
ͬʱǱӳڵĸ־һ
ɶ˭ʶǸˣ
޷ʵ߳ŭ
ʶ
Ҷƻ֮ûòݼİûܱϳݡ
峤Ǹô죬˵ʵ̫ˣǵʵǶ֣뵽Ҷոչ¶սãüͷ˵
û뵽˴νƮؾûеõʲôԵ
˸ӵıͷŭΪɽ֮ӻҶˣʧܲ
˵˺ħйϵ𣿡ʥصĽʥ˼£˵
ţӦħйϵ˵ͷոձսԼӦһķ˽ڵ
ߣ뿪Ʈؾȥؾڣ峤ǰɱǡоȫʧأϵҪ뿪
ֻҪɱҶħõеܺͱħߵıؾ㹻ˣؾصԵ
ãȻ̽Ʈؾ뵽ǿµħòͷƮؾȥ
һۣʧأʣܣȫɥؾС
칬ɽʥصܴͬ˼˸ɽǶʧ֮ӣǵʵۿۡ
ŸƮؾƮؾ
Ʈؾȴҳһ࣬ŵӦԵİ취ڲҶ磬ʮϸ֣ʹø޷ŭйϡ
ƮؾⱻȫʱɿµϢƮϿա
ӵ峤񾳽켫һֻ̤񾳽ֽƮڣƮؾ⣬ȴҶħ
ڵȴԼΣգҶȻ֪ʱȫһһʽУһδεݡ
εݣҶ罥׽һʽȫգҪһʱ͸
ʱһʱ仹ʣʱ䡣
ܿ죬ֹһʱ䡣
ϥҶͻȻ˽յ˫ʵʵĽâ۾б
һ̣߸ߵԾ켶ӳ壬ͼںһ
һ񣡡
һɫӰֱµĽ·նѿһ㡣
һ˲䣬һƬеĹâɫâɣ·ؼֻʣңն񽣡
ͣ
ԶĹŵ⵽Ҷʩչһ񹥻ֹŵĽµĽֱӶϵǿŵ
û뵽㾹Ȼ˽ܸһʽУ
Ҷ缸ľȫĵʩչһ󣬸еƣУʱʥ֣Ҷǰ͵˵
ǰһʲôȼĽУҶһʵ
һûеȼΪһʽԵ򣬲ϵʥܽһʽ£һʽͨ
ͨҶ絹һ
Եļ䣬Ҷ֪ͨ˵µʽԶԶʥԼͨ񼼣綼ѼҲףһеΪνһˡ
ܽһзӵͨ߱Ĳѡ
С㻹һ²͸ʱ䣬úϧһ°ɣʱһҾҪջؽܸˣʥ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷһеһֱӸƽܸеĽ⾳
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ


1624 꽱
СʱѵҪջؽܸˣ
һʱ䵽ʥջޱĽܸ٣ƯδҶǰ
ļ䣬Ҷ˴뽣ܸеĽ⾳ʱԼԽ򽫸һ㣬ȫлὫ켶ʥȼ
С츳ƽģһ̤۷壬ʱϣչƮڣ
ʥ꿴Ų͸ܸһеҶ磬˵
İǰһƮڳΪһҶ˵ͷĵŵ
С뿪ǰһݻԵ˵ţʥٻŽ֮Ž֮⣬ѡһߡ
ǰҪһ˰ѽ֪𣡡
ҶԸӦһŽ֮⣬ûѡҪڵϵһ˰񽣡
㵹ǻѡʥðɣµһ˰ѼƷʥ͸ˡ
лǰ
Ҷ簵ϲһ˵ξѪֱЩƷʥѪ
ӵһ˰ѼƷʥǬﵽƷͨʥˮ׼ΪҶһɱﵡ
С뿪ǰɷһæöǬָڵƮУʥ
û⣡Ҷ˵ͷӹǬָǰ壬칬Ʈؾʧأպ󱨸Ʈڣ֪ڹؼʱǰɷȡ
İɣؾѾԹͨ磬ƮѣһЯѹǵģʥ걣֤㣬뿪ؾһҪСģҸоؾⱻ˷˿ռ䣬Ƕڵ֣ɱ㣬ϵĻԵ
İǰɱңҶŵ˵
СһΪãʥ˵µģ͸ɣ˲Ϣݳʱڶܿǵ׷ɱ
˵ţʥ͸ҶһޱĴ̡
ˣ뿪ɣʥ
ȵǰҶͻȻ͸˳
˵ţҶ罫ѩһǬٻ˳ʥǬָѩһеѩʦ㣬ҽ²ƮˣöǬָλǰģҽ
磬ǲЩҪ㲻ѩһŵ˵
İѩʦ㣬ɱҵ˻ûɱҵġҶŵЦݵϣ´λʦ㣬ͻƵ硣
ãƮڵ㣬һҪѩһҧһ촽ͻȻ˽Ҷ绳У§˵
һģҶ˵ͷ֤
Сǲѩʥ갵ѩһʱͻȻʵ
ǰǡ
͵ʥѩһܾӣ͵뿪ҶĻԶԶʥ
ֻһ꣡ʥСѩҿԴһݻԵ
ѩһ棡
ҹȻûио
˵ţʥٻոҶδѡŽƹŵķϣŽƹţһߡ
лǰ
ѩһ治Ť֮ˣл֮ƹš
ʦ㣬ڶ
ʱҶĶС
ǰҪڶƹţѩһʮҶ磬˵
ȻǸ֮ˣڶƹţģ
ʥЦһ⿪˽ƹţ¶һſ̻ŴƵĽͼ
˵µͼͼ˿̻ƣ뷢ɿƷͨʥʥܵ
ƷͨʥȼĽͼѩһ浹һ
Ҫ֪Ʈ֮ŽƷʥƷͨʥ˵ǾǴ˵֮ѩһҲû뵽ԼгһܵõһƷͨʥ
磬лл㣡
ѩһмؿҶ磬ûѣѩһоԼ»ͼԵ
ѩʦ㣬ⱾĻԵøмңҶЦЦ˵
СͼѪɣҰ㽫ʥ
ǣ
ѩһ˵ͷҧָͼϣŶѪ
ˣʱ򲻶ˣ뿪ɣѩһѪͼʱʥҶߵһСģǻټһ졣
ƮڣһٻģҶ˵ͷն˵
ã
ʥ˵ͷͻȻͷǿĽ⣬뵽ڡ
һ̣ʮɸߵĽӳ޾Ľâӳأû޵еĽâڰС
СǺˣ
˵ţʥͷųһâҶ磬Я޵нâԽؾǧ޵̬˱ӡؾڡ


1625 ռ䴩Խ
䣡
ؾڲµؽˣ޵нâϮɱɫ֡
ã
ĵȴһʱ֪Σգ͵۾ٻƷͨʥ֮ȫ
ڵֲ̫ݵ£֮ȫϢʱ䣬֧Ųס岻ϵغ󳷡
֮
Σʱ̣峤񾳽켫ЯڶƷͨʥ֮նµĽâӵ޵нâϣϵطŽâѹ
Сӣˣ
켫ӲڵĹʱҶ类ɫâͳƮؾƮڣʱ˵ע⡣
СӣҾɽİӣ
ŭһʩչɽһ֣ͨɱҶ硣
ˣ
ȫʱһݻŵĵֳָ壬ſҫǣҪҶеܿռ䣬ɱ
һ񣡡
Ҷٻ˾齣켶ڽ˾齣У˾齣ǿĹʩչӽܸǿһС
һնһƬµĽâƲ񷣬ֱӴ̴ݻһֵ֣ǿдһͨ
ǰѽȻħйϵ
ħֳ־齣ɱʱĿãԵ˿齣ҶʱȷҶħһġ
Ѫȼգʱ٣
Ҷٻᣬٶޣ˲Ϣ֮䴩ĵ֣ԼٶƮȥ
ţƮڻڴ£Ҫˣ
ãû뵽ػһ࣬ȻҶɱ˳ƮŴ
ã
ϴӦȴʱ䣬Ҷܴʱ䡣
켶꣬ƣ
ץסƮǿʱҶ켶ӿնϣݺݵشƮڻڴϣµĹӲڴ˵Ѻۡ
һ̣һ˰ѼƷʥӳ壬¹ѵĴһٽƮڻڴһ޴ȱڣ˳ȥ
ߣ
ǵ񾳽켫һͻȻ̤һ˲ԽףԼٶ׷ɱҶ硣
ɱң±Ӱɣ
켫ϮҶʥĴ̣켫ֳ֮նǰʧˡ
СӣӵĺǣҲɱ㣡
һգնѿһѺ۵켫ŭһ׷ɱҶ硣
Ҳ׷
뵽Ҷһã˵Ҳûоô׷׼׷ɱҪɱҶһݸ
ܿ죬ҵƮڽָƽ
ΪҶ뿪ҪȡƮؾԵĸ׷뿪ֻʣ°Եǵŵˡ
˵ӹǵ׷ɱ𣿡ѩƮһŵĴʵ
İɣǶ֮ˣгһգһ̤ۣ֮ػƮڣһ
͵֮⣬Ҷóڵõͼһ·ԼٶĿռ涴ȥ
Ҫ׷ɱֻнռ涴пռ䴩Խ
϶ǣĴǣ칬
ĳһ죬һٶȼӰ϶ǣ϶еʿ
˭ôĵӣѵ֪϶ǽ𣿡
ֱӷɽ϶ǣˣ
Լٶȷ϶ǵҶ磬ʿ¶ֻı飬׷ǰҪ֡
󵨣ǺˣΪֱӴ϶ǣ
ҶͷǿѰռ涴λʱһŭ
ףֳʥŷ϶ˣסҶ硣
ңռ涴
Ҷһһ˰ѼƷʥӳ壬һеʥǲӴɱȻʵ
գռ涴ڳǱ
żƷʥ͸ĿµϢһˣԹ˵˿ռ涴λá
ಣ
Ҷûеʱ䣬Լٶȷ˳Ǳ˿ռ涴
Ҷոռ涴⣬켫һɵ϶ǣǶɢ޵ƣ϶ʿŵɫ䡣

޼˫λ϶ǱҶ磬Լٶȷ˹ȥ
͸ҿռ涴
Ҷû뵽켫ô죬ɭȻ
⡭
ռ涴ѾӵãѶװֵ̿ʱ䡣
أ
Ҷ΢΢ֱԴɱ˿ռ涴С
ǿռ涴ʱ켫Я֮ſռ涴նһҪնϿռ涴Ҷ·
ؼʱ̣ħֳֻľ֣ݺݵس˺յ콣âϣӲֵס켫һն
ħôȿµħ
ԶԶǿƵֵһħ켫ɫԽٵŵ⣬ħ
Ҳʱ֣֮
ۣ
֮Ӳ켫˹ƲϵؼأѪȾ˵档
ռ涴Խ
ħֵʱҶɹƿ˷֣Ƽأֵħ͵ǬУʼ˿ռ䴩Խ
𣡡
ֿռ䴩Խ֮ʣ켫ǿĹſռ涴Զ빥ŷ֡
Ȼֿռ䴩Խٶȼ죬ǱǶ˷Ĺأռ涴ǲϵرѡ
ڷּ޴£켫˽׷ϲϣղʵؿصķʧǰ


1626 Ϊ
ۣ
һӰͻȻѵĿռѺзɳݺݵҵһƬļţ̵ĿռƬϡ
һ̣ռѺ˺Ѫӹʧˡ
СֻܰЩˣ̫أҪȳ˯УΣҲΪ
ռ䴩ԽʱҶ˼ΣգصķָڴԽأΣʱ̣ħȼѪǿк˿ռڣҶ˼ȶĿռ涴Ƭǿ¡
лǰһᾡΪǰҵҽ˵ĵҩҶм˵ûħ޷õôԵпѾɥ
ҵ̫ˣֻа浤浤ҽΣȼĵҩºҵħ˵
ǰֻܰĳ˯ˣʣµĽңֻҪȵҩһǰȡҶŵ
ã
˵꣬صħ뵽˳˯С
磬Ѫʨɿճ棬жͻƵʥޣ
Ҷ򵥻ָһƣҵʥ޵
ţʮʱٿռУǹҲҪʮʱ䣡޵
Щأ
Ҷ罫ħɱˣõʮȫ˳ȫ͸ޡ
ϴҰˣǻᾡͻƵģ
˫ð˵ӵЩǿɴԼͻƳʥ޵ʱ䡣
ͳ˴Ҷȫħĺߣлѡ
۸оҶͻˣﵽ۾磬˱ܴ
Ϊ츳ܱʶҶ̬ٶȣһֽҶ̤֧顣
ۣ㣬޷һͻƾ磬ҲˣҶ罫һĵ͸˺ۡ
ˣ
Ҷĵˣ۵۾ʱ
ǵֵ֮ԴŵԵǵۼ֮ӵе˼ͻƵ֮
İҶ٣ӵŵˣͻƵ֮ظ֤
š
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪˺֮أҵ鵤ȫǵ۾Ƶ
СӣǷߣҶ΢΢һЦƵ˹СӣЩʥƷʥ裬ԼӸ㡣
磬ֵõʲôԵ
Ű͸Ƶһ𣬳Ծ˵
ҴжߵģЩʥԼǴǰɱܵеõģӵЩʥ㹻ǵۼ޾磬ʱͻƵ֮Ҷ翴Ƶģ˵
磬ҵĶ̫ˣҲ֪γ
Ƶ֪ҶЩֵимͬʱŨŨ㺡
òӱҰɣҶ翴ƵµЦ˵
˵ǣԸ𣿡ƵؿҶ磬˵
ͻƵ˵ɣҶЩǵĹһƵСӣ˵
ã˵ģƵ۾һͻƵ磬һƵ
ˣúɣҵһ죡ҶЦ˵ٴƵ켶Դ£ϥ
򵥵ϢһᣬҶóһŵˣֱӸؿѪ⣬˰ؿ֮Уһתɻһǵˣһ߿Բ͸켶ԴԼԵ
ʮʱУʱٵš
ܿ죬Ǭйȥꡣ
УҶȫ˵ˣŵ֮ںԼĵˣһǵ֮
ҶȫһǵʱҶ˵ĺۣ˳Խ˼ѵһĵˣͻƵһħ硣
ôͻһħ磬Ǻ۴δģʱиǲһ˿ңԼҶ磬ȻԼ֪ܿԽѵһ
ͻƵһħûãҩƵͻƵǵ۾磬ޣѪʨɿճȺͻƵ˳ʥ޵ȼ
ɿճɱɳʥޣɿռ涴
ֹûãͻȻоǬӿһɿµĵ֮
һ̣Ҷͷ켶ͼ켶ͼټҶǰ켶ͼҶѾ켶ͼʵ
͸켶ͼҶҲ˵˵ĳΣҶ֪ԵԽĵԽûżͻһǵ磬ȫ͸ԴԼԵ
Ǭֹȥʱ䣬Ҷͷͼ֮Ҳﵽͼ֮
ʮʱҶڽĵ켶ͼԵձһܻҪ
ʱͻƵˣ
ҶһóһżƷʥ̵˶УżƷʥǿҩʵǿĵˡ
ڣҶ罫ĵȫڽУ˵ˣһٳ˾ƿ̤뵽˺ܶһӶ޷ľ磬һǵ硣


1627 ս
Ҷ٣ͻƵһǵˣ
Ҷͻƾ˲䣬˺ۣоҶԼҪǿϢ۵ܴ
ţҶ˵ͷ¶˵Цݵȫһȭ뿴ҵս˶١
ã
ҲʶҶͻһǵľʵ˵ͷ
ȣ
Ҷ籩һʮڽ˲䱬켶ͼںһ𣬻һǰȭâױȵѹȸУȫĺۡ
䣡
Ҷһȭ˲ײһ𣬶ʱµĳݿźķŵһȭ֮
ںۺʮಽʮ󣬲żѵĻҶһȭ
Ҷ٣ΪͻƵһǵ磬ʵǿô࣡
˫۳еĺ۱ܴ
Ϊҽĵȫ켶ͼҶ绺˵˺ͻƵһħ磬ʸ͸켶Դˡ
켶Դ
۵۾ʱȱħ嶼ûУʱҶߣ뾡һа취Ҷߡ
úɣ
˵꣬Ҷһ뿪Ǭ棬̽Ƭǿ硣
⵽ʲôطأ
Ҷ绷ǰǿ磬ǿƯһȱƬЩƬдСһƬһȥ߼ʡ
ҶΧƮƬһͬ㣬Ǿû
𣿡
Ҷ̾ϢһʵٻᣬƬǿзУѰļ
Ҷ缱ٷʱԾ˴ƬƵƬͻȻǰһɽƬиоļޣһϲٵȶᣬŴĽӰ˹ȥ
ţʲôޣ
ɵɽϿգҶƬɽзֻޣЩ޲ͬЩƤ̬Ϊ죬Щڴ˵еޡ
໣
һײеֻ޷˷ڰеҶ磬ͻȻѿѪڣ̤ſռҪҪôصĵ˺ɡ
ֻ޽Ҷʮڽӭȥ
ȻҶЩһֻСϣҶ籬ĹȴԶԶǡ
⵽Ҷʮڽȭͷ£һֻֻײеޱӲ䵽ɽУŹľҳһ󶴡
ѻ꣡
ҶһһֻͷԵѻꡣ
ţδޣ
ѻʱҶ緢֣ЩδȷǾ򼸺ʧޡ
޷ЩлȡмֵϢҶûдɱ䣬ŹЩޣǿзУѰļ
Լʱ䣬ѰҶٴθ֪ϢһԼٶȷ˹ȥ
һ黺Ʈľ޴ʯϣһѪƼأȫˣʵﵽһǵ۾Ŀ󺺡
оҶϢ˵Ŀ͵۾ֳһƷȼذͻȻҶ緢
²Ҫᣬֻ·Ըûж⣡
Ҷһܿ˿µذڽ͵
㲻ħˣ
Ҷףûϸоһ˿ɱʵ
㿴ħϢ𣿡ҶЦʵֻżȻ´ʲôط
սһƬռ䡣Ӱһ
ս
뵽ڤ֮ǽ͵ҶսŨȤҪѰ㡣
л棬ŵҩ͸˰ɣҶóһżƷʥ͸˿ӡ
Ʒʥ
ʶ֮ˣҶĵҩ۾һԥ̵˶Уˡ
˸£֪ۼʲôطҶʵ
սʵǿֻۼأһۼ˵ˣ˵ˣӳ˼һ˵
֪¿ɷȥ˵ˣȥ˵˴ˣҶʵ
Եǿԣ˵ħ͹ϮЩΣգȥ˵ˣ˵˵սСӵ
ͬΪ壬ȻҪΪһҶ΢΢һЦη˵߰ɣȥ˵ˡ
лȻӸоҶʵҶ˵Ϊʱϳ˿ӲٺøУｻˡ
輫ƷʥٵһƣҶ˵˷ȥ
ûɶãսǿ£һҹĺɫ֣Զķ֣ɫãǹ鴬ҸطأǧҪ˷֣ȻҶûġ


1628 鴬
֣ؿѾˣѾˣ
Ҷεȵǿ󣬸оǿԼ˵
ֵܣǵĿң취ȥɣ
뵽鴬Ŀ£ﲢҶ磬ҧһ˵
İ֣鴬вңҶ¶һ˿Цݵ߰ɣǵǴ
˵꣬Ҷٻᣬ쫷磬Լٶʻ鴬ȥ
ˣ
żٷҶ磬鴬ϵĸֲ쳣Ժɱǿ۵ںҶ硣
Ҷٶ̫ˣٷелûһٶȲӰܿڵĹ״͸鴬ķ˴ϡ
ʲôˣΪҪ鴬
Ҷ粻Ѵ֮鴬һȫںУ¶һ˶Դߣһϻվݽյ۾б֮ɫ˻ɤӵ
ô鴬ǲ𣿡
Ҷͷǿɨһ鴬ִǿ߾ǰߣֻǹ۾磬ζ˵
ӦǸľȱɣߵ˭̤鴬㶼ɣ
˵ţгһ׹ǵѣش
ʱ鴬еĿռŤˣİ׹Ǳ׹ǽ׹ƳŤĿռ䣬˲ĹҶ緢͵ĹҪɱ
˼û뵽徹ֶΣ
Ҷһ壬ٻͨһ˿Ȥ
ٻĹȻ࣬Щʵ̫޷Ҷ繹˺
һ˰ѼƷʥҶ壬ΧƣƬƬĹ飬صİ׹ǡ
ֶκ棬δе̫ˣ
Ҷ米˫֣ɫѿĺߵ
׹ǹۣ֣
еĹӳİ׹⣬ڽ˺İ׹С
ţЩ׹ǿٵںϣգ֮仯һʮɸߣְֳ׹Ǿ޸Ϸ˻İ׹ǹۡ
ǹۣоǰİ׹ǹʵ൱ҶҡҡͷɱﵣԱˡ
˵ţҶ͵̤һһ̤鴬ӲĴ壬ְֳ׹Ǿ޸ȫնİ׹ǹۺһȭ
䣡
׹ǹ۵ĸ첲һ£İ׹Ǿ޸Լֱ۱Ҷһȭˡ
ţҶ˵ڶȭµȭâ˰׹ǹ۵ؿڣϰˣٴλһذ׹ǡ
ʲô
ĿҶȭ׹ǹ۵һĻ¶˾֮ɫ۾ǵɵùԲ
û뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀֲǹ۶вԡ
ʲôҳɱ
߳鴬ϵ´һ𹥻Ҷ硣
ʮֳ֣ǿʥҶʱſͣ³һīŨŨƷʥȼӣɱҶ硣
Ǭ󣬸𣡡
Ҷһһ˰ѼƷʥٵؽɽͼնŹ顣
Ǭ͵Ĺ£ƷʥȼĹ鱻ӲնˣΧɱҶһҲıǬ֮ɱѪɥȪ
ȣȵȣ㲻ɱңɱң鴬˵˵ĸֶҪᣡ
Ŀù鱻ǬնһĻ뵽ֻУҶ
䣬֣ЮŰصŮŮ˼װϣвҶ硣
ңҾͽЩ˵˵ĸֽ㣬ҺͬھɭȻ˵
̫Լˣ
ҶЦһγ˿µѣЮ˵˵Ĺ֡
ҶͻƵһǵ磬ҲһǵЩܳܵġ
⵽ʩչѣһֵ걻ʩչѣӲ飬ʹİһ˵ϣ߿ѪɥȪ
㣡
ĿҶһɱԼµһĻû꣬붼ûѸ뿪
ȫͻΧʱͻȻԼǰĿռ䱻һصˡ
һ̣һϢϢߡ

ŭһĵ£ʩչǿɱУ߹˿Ҷ磬ҪҶˡ
Ҷ֮ʵ̫ҶһܿĹؿںһȭعǣӰ˼װ塣
ҪʱǰһҶٴγǰָһĽ⣬ƽϵһĵ
ţҶְ˶ԴϣԶѻ֪꣬ҪϢ
ҪɱңֻҪ㲻ŹңԸ⡭
߻δ˵꣬Ҷ΢΢Դ꣬նɱ


1629 ˵֮Σ
л¾֮
ĿҶǿƻɱֵһĻһ˵˸¶˸м֮ɫ˵
λؿҶ΢΢һЦ־棬Ƚ
˵ţҶ֣ƿ鴬ķ鴬ϡ
λ˵˵ĸ𣿡
һץߵ˵˸ȫʵ
Ҷżѣ
û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼ鴬ʵ岻ѡ
ˣ˵ڵĴܲãǻټʻ鴬ϻȥɣҶߴٵʲô·˵
ãȥʻ鴬
һ˵˸ǰ˼ݿʱʻ鴬Լٶ˵˷ȥ
ʱ˵ˣħ͹ֵ͹˵ؽƱƣ˵˵Ĵ᧿Σ
ô˵ʵ̫ǿˣǵʵǶ֣Ǵ뿪ɣ
о˵˵ķ߼ֲ̫ãһƳۣı̴˴У˵
Ǵ뿪Ļ𣿡ɫۣ˫΢΢Щף絶Ƿʵﵽһǵ˵̾Ϣһ
˵ǽ˵ΧĿռ䣡ɫһ
ţûмǴһռļƷʥʥȫܽ˵ΧĿռ䣬ʱäĿĴ뿪ͽǵȦףһɱ˵ͷ
ôѵҪһɫۣͷûмͷͷ͹ߵ˵
ȣһȻڴΣգҪƵ˵˵ķҲûôףĴƵ˵˵ķߣǺͻΧȥ
Ҳֻһ취ˣ̾ϢһΪ˵˵δǡ
ʱһȥ
ħ壬͵Ĺ£˵˵ķ߲ϵ飬޴˵ˡ
Ȼ˵˵ĴΣգȴǰŽᣬ˵˸ϥھ޴Ĺ㳡ϣȴ߱Ƶһɲǣħ壬˾һ

ħĿǰľ˵˵Ӧòµǽ˵ΧĿռ䣬˴뿪׼ȷ߱ʱǾһ
һӺܸߣȴ·ûһ˿Ѫ⣬ɫ۵ӣһҺɫսϣҵħ帺˴ж죬ħħųϣ
ߣһųһ¶һ˿мƾ˵˵ʵһ𣿾ƾϷһˣܽɱ⡣
ųϣȻ˵ʵǿֻһǵ˵˱Ͼʷ˵ǲΪ֪ĵƣǻСĵΪͬΪǹĹϽ˵
İɣ˵˵ĵϸѴֻ̽һƷʥǺвԣųϵסͭһ̫֮Ĺλ˵
ðɣȻųȫ׼Ҿͻȥҹȫ˵˵ķߣݻ˵ˣˣ
˵ţĹ뿪ħսصԼ鴬ϣ͵Ĺ˵˵ķߡ
͵Ĺ£˵˵Ĳ߲ϵػٻ޴͸ߣ˵У˵˲
ۿ˵˷߱ǿƵͻȻԶ˴ޣײеһħ͹ս
ͻȻֵޣӲֵĹǲòȫӦײޡ
ǰˣʦ˰
͸Ӱ⾵ĿһĻ˾Ŀһ˿ϣ
Ҫô˻ɱȥʱųͻȻԾսͷһſ̻ŴĵƣﵽƷʥȼͼ
ͼն
ųϱһݵ£ͼϵرӳһ޵еâˮкһ㣬͵նһֻֻʵµޡ
ڼƷʥͼ£һֻֻƤޱնɱѪ罦УȾ졣
ôĹħ͹ҲҲ֣ųϿͼͻɱʱ˲ٿ޹İ˵㲻á
˵ţųЯͼնɫ΢İˡ
ã
оͼĿ£ǵİɫ΢䣬һòεİӣѸһܡ
˲䣬ǱһµͼУѪĵ˳ȥ
ߣ
û뵽ųϵʵ˵ĿֲƣŰȫ
ܵĵ𣡡
ų۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫٻһħԼٶ׷ɱ˶ˣƱҪնɱ
һӣ˵˳ûƴͷٴ˵ˡ


1630 ɱų
Ҷӣǰ˵˴Ӫˣ
վ鴬ͷϣָǰǿգ͸޾ǿգҶԼһƯǿеľ޴½ء
߷֣ʶ𣿡Ҷ˫磬͸ףٶȼӰԼٶԼ߷
ǽʦ֣аǰ
ԽԽӰϳǵݡ
׷ǵˣʶ𣿡
Ҷͫһ˽׷˵ųϣԸӦ£׷ɱ˵ĸ֣ʵȻﵽħ硣
ħˣҶӣ־Ƚʦǣ
Ѿ֪Ҷһ֮¾ֵ飬ʵ岻ѣ
һύʱǾԶǣҪְæһнҡ
ʵޣҶ约⵽ͼĶ
˵֮ʣų˶˵ľ룬ͼϵػûһĵӰնأϵع˰˶ˣǶ˵ơ
ס˵ģԶ
˶ΣգҶһٻᣬԼٶȷ˹ȥһĵâնڽʱǰǿһȭ˵â˽ӡ
ţ˭
һȭͼûâҶ磬ųϵüͷһ£ʵ
ɱˣ
ͻƵһǵ磬Ҷ˼һԼʵħųõѡһͻȻȼ˺֮Ѫʥ˲佫ʵǵ۷֮
Ҳں֮Ѫ£˲٣˾ʮڽһˡ
˽ңȥԶ鴬ˣ϶˵˵ˣ
Ҷ缱ʵʱδİ˶˵
л
оҶԶʤԼʵ˷ƼصĽӣٵطˡ
ԭ˵˰ľƾһˣѵųһûнҶ
ܲһģ
˵ţҶ籬֮֮ϵرٻɳﵽƷʥȼľ齣żڽųϡ
оҶ˲䱬ųͻȻһϢĸоɫ΢䣬ͼǰûľ޵նҶ硣
ƣ
Ҷһգɱ顣
µľ齣޵еһǰϵ˺Ų޵һͼϣµӲųϲϵغˡ
ô
ųû뵽Ҷ˵Ŀ£ٴ⣬˲ȼǿѪʩչǿĵƣһʵٻͼ뵽ͼУͼĹɱҶ硣
Ʈ漫
ͼɱҶ˲齣ںһ𣬻һ裬ݻŴƮ켫֮ŵӰݺݵնͼϣ˲䱬ٴκųϡ
ħʥӰ
̵Ҷ羪˵սųûһµħӰޱߵħҶ緢͹
Ǭƣ
ħʥӰŹħϮҶٻǬγܼĽ꣬ǿգٶȼĹħʥӰ
գ֮䣬ʵֲħʥӰͱһǬ֮壬ɢǿ¡
һ˰ѼƷʥ
оһǬ֮ĵȼųĵһθе˲
ƷʥսʮҪŪһףҶȴӵаݲ򵥡
˻ʵĸ֣
ųϲ²ҶǷսһ˻ʵսͷ硣
˾֪ôˣ
˵ţҶЯ֮ƣųϷµĹȫѹųϣ⡣
úúãСϷ򲻺һʶϷɱ㣡ųһݻѸ뿪
ûᣡ
˵ţһ㶦ֳҶ壬£ѹһأѹųϡ
ͨʥ
о㶦͸ĻϢųɫ䣬ٻʥеֿ
ͼٻʥĵȼߣ޷㶦ѹȡ
켶꣬𣡡
ų⵽㶦ѹʱ·ص켶ƳҶ꺣һϮӣݺݵնųϣ˺ķն˳ȥ
ųƣ켶һ˺ӡ
켶꣬ʵô켶꣡
ųҲʶˣ⵽켶깥û꣬ȼǿĵˣҪȫܡ
ϵ磬ƣ
ų֮ʣͨʥϵҶУһӣһɫ绮˲񷣬һеųϵϣֱӽѪģֻʣ°
ѣ
ţҶγ˿µѣ֮ųϵĻ꺣Уֱӽ˹ȥ
ѻ꣡
ҶѸٳڻԵųԣסǣԶѻ֪꣬䡣
̫֮Ĺ̫֮Ĺ
ҶԹѻʱ֪̫֮Ĺųл֪ħ壬֮Զ˵˶֣Ϊ˵䷢̫֮Ĺλá
Ҷϣ̫֮Ĺĵͼ˵˽ŵõ̫֮Ĺλá
꣡
֪ҪϢҶ΢΢ųϵԴ˽ص鴬ϡ


1631 
лҶӾ֮
ԶԶĿҶǿƻɱųϵһĻˣӵ˱˵սסм˵
ͬΪ壬Ӧͬ飡ҶЦЦ˵߰ɣǸȥ˵˾Ԯ˵˿Σա
ҶӵĶ飬˵һ𣡡Ӽ˵
ҶɻɱųϣɱҲѣֻҪɱǶˣ˵Σͽ
ʱ˵ˣڰ˿޳£ѹ˲٣ǵķ߽ʣһʱܱƣ޴Ȼ˵ϿգǱű׼ħ壬˾һ
һߣϾҪƣǺƴ˰ɣһ˵˸ִ˵
ã׼£Ǻɱȥ㲻ͻΧɹҲҪЩµһ
˵˱űͷ׼ħ壬˾һսʱĺ󷽳һٶȼ鴬
ҶӣϷնɱЩӣ
ҶһżƷʥȶƣӧ
ãǾЩѪȾƬգ
Ҷ˵ͷٻᣬǵİˣֵս
ǰˣôֻˣųأųôˣ
ųϸòɣ
ȥİˣħֲ˶ɣиǲһ˿
ϣб䣬ųҲˣ
Ҳᵽһ˿ѰϢƴֵĹϡ
е鴬ǶˣҽǺɱ˶۾б⣬
ӵһ鴬תһڣͺҶˡ
ǿնڿըݺύѺۡ
Ѫȼգ
⵽ܼڹҶ˲ȼ˺Ѫٶȣ֯ɽӰڵĹԼٶһ鴬
ϵ磬𣡡
һ鴬Ҷٻͨʥϵ磬ȫĽɫǰ鴬һ
꣡
һϵǿգŻһеݺݵغ鴬ϣµĹʮɳ鴬мӲ俪ˣ˲ɱ˴Ĺ֡
ţ֮Ѫ˲䲹ҶľĽɫҶЯϵ磬һ鴬
Ҷϵ繥£һҹ鴬Ҷ飬ϵ֮ħ͹֣ǲҿ׷׵תԶҶ硣
ÿµĹѵ磡
ʶҶ羪˵ĹҲסȻҶľһ磬ҶսȴԶԶس岻ѡ

Ҷ约˵˵ᣬûٻħɺͺʩչطͨѳ˾
ͻƵһǵ磬ֽ켶ҶȫӾǿ˲ѳս൱ͬΪһǵ
ɱ
Ҷһ£Ŵ̶ƿɱһ鴬ԼħսսϵĹ壬ħּս
Ȼ壬ħħ򣬵Ҷսǿټϰֲϵ
󵨣ǺˣҲɱҹˣѵҪҹ岻ݣ
ŶϻƵĲҽϱŭˣԦһɳĹУŭսǿҶ磬ǳ
ߣССĹҲΪУҿŲԶˣҶһԵ
СĴڣΪ棬һֱħ壬ûħʱС
ӲϽ㣡
˵ţŭĹϼԦŹҶ硣
鲫ȭ
ڣʵﵽǹ޵ĹϮҶӲϵرӿ壬ͷơ
һȭڽ켶ںһ𣬻һ춯صĲ֮ȭŹӴ
Ҷʩչ鲫ȭ£Ӵϵط飬ʩչĹͨǱҶԵǿƵ
ʲôʲôʣô˵Ŀֲ
û뵽Ҷս˿ֲսµĹֵסҶĹƲ飬ɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
飡
֮ʣĴ켶ͼڽҶ˫УҶٵؽӡ۳ӡŤǿգ֧Ĺ
䣡
һ£Ҷ۵ӡֱӺ飬֮ϵĹˡ
棬ֵˣ
ҶͫһɫصĹϣٻǬϮɱ


1632 ն
ôˣΪζô󣡡
һ鴬һħս׼һ˵˸¶֮ɫ
쿪Ӱ쾵
۾һ
ˣ
һӰ쾵ӳأӳ˵Ӱ
˿ĸҶɨҶɱֵһĻʱĴϲ
˵˸ɱȥɱ֮У
һ£˵˸ַɳ֧ķߣе֣ҵɱ
Сҵţҹ˵ģ
ϿȫʧأҶսֳϵĹ֣˵ȥ
ӵ𣿡
ҶͻȻʩչıʱ٣ٶ۷壬Լٶס˹ϡ
һ̣켶ӳĻ꺣һʮɳİɫâй޾Ľһնɫ΢Ĺϡ
䣡
ֳһƷʥȼĹȣͷӲ켶꣬켶˲䱬ǽˡ
켶꣡
Ҷͷ켶꣬ˣϵȼյˣͻΧ
Ǭ󣬽ռ䣡
Ҷһһ˰Ǭٵķ裬ŹǰĿռ䣬ͼΪ뿪Ļᡣ

·⣬ʩչطͨݻſµĵ⣬һ޴ĹײǬҪ֮ɱΧ
䣡
ϻͻΧ֮ʣҶ仯һѪӭ˹Ĺڰмҵɱ
ѪսĶǵĳڳеˣǲǰһС
ѵ֣
˶Ҷݲǿҵĺģħ壬ָ¶˾֮ɫ
ľ԰ּȫǨ磬翪һҶ壬ħ͹ﲻ
ˣ
ԽԽľòڵ
һ֮ˣͲ֪˭ˣ
Ҷ籩һѪϵؼӴ󹥻ǿȣ͵Ĺ
˻Ѫ͹ɱ˰ʱ䣬˺ۡ
ҶԶʤϣټǿѹס˹͵Ĺ
ϵ磡
ڹֵסѪĹҪʱѪſͣһϵ磬ߺ˹ӴϣӲ˹ϴ
СҲɱ㣬ϣ㲻ҪңƲϼصĹջв
ʲôֶξ;ʹɣûˣҶηָ˱壬ֳ־齣ն
ãҵģ
˵ţſһڻ³һŷƵĹžžʱӳѵĹơ
ͨʥȼĹƣ
о⼸ƵҶ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫԾֶΡ
ȥɣžھѪȫ˹ƣն
һޱ󣬻һɰµĽնſµ֮ͨƿռնҶ硣
ãҶӿ
͸֮ͨɱİɫ䣬Ҷ
ԹɱУҶû㣬ֳ־齣ȫӭ
һ񣡡
Ҷһ̳ĵ˲ﵽ˼£µĽâһУռ˺ҹ𣬴ƽնϡ
ʱռ䷢ŤɿµԳ⣬ϵ˺սĿռ䡣
찡ʲôȼĹȻսĿռѣ
սĿռҪͣһֶ˺սĿռ䣬Ҷ緢ĹȻսѣ⾪˵һĻ˵˵ĸ֡
һ̣ĵһĻˡ
켶£ҶʩչһֱӲնµĹƽնɫޱĹϡ
ۣ
㲻ĹϱһУ飬ݵǲ㱻롣
ǿĵƱҶƵˣϵȼյˣƣǱܡ
ϵ磬𣡡
ʱϵ縡ֳҶģŲֻܵĹӡһƣһϵ绮Ʋ񷣬ݺݵغڹϣֱӽӺˡ
ţ켶Ҷ£һնԴϻɱ
ʵǿĹһħ壬ָ羪֮սȫޣ׷׷˹սҪܡ
°ɣ
ҶЯǬ͵ĹɨҶɱ֡
Լʱ˵ձֵѪȾ죬ɺһƬ
ǰѪɫգ˵˸һΰĸоֱսǻЩ޷ţǱħ壬֣̼ҷ


1633 ̫֮Ĺ
лǰ֮˵¸м
ȻҶ翴Ͳ󣬵ʵȴڳˣһ˵˸ǰĵĸм
ˣͬΪ壬ؿҶ΢΢һЦ
ﲻ˵ĵطǻ˵ˣٸлǰĴս۵ķ̤һЦ
ǣǰǰ룡
˵ţ̬ŵļͣԴҶ˾ɫ¥ڣɽϪˮ֯˵С
ǰǷ磡
ʶҶ羪˵ս˲ɵûɣҶĺ硣
򣡡ҶҡҡͷżȻ֣֪˵ѡ
Ҷǰ˵˵Ķ̫ˣûͰǰ˵˿Զⳡƽ٣о͸ǰɣǬָóһУݸҶ硣
򿪽УҶ翴һͨɫɢŨŨԵ˲λʡ
Ȼɫ˲λʼֵߣȼƷʥҶϲȱֵȼʥ˽УһԵϵ
ôҶǰλʣҶûλʣüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
λǺöҶȤҶҲ㶵ȦˣҶ̫֮ĹܸȤ֪ɷ̫֮Ĺλø¡
⡭
˶һۣԥһ¡
̫֮ĹȻ󣬵о˵˵ʵ̫֮ܶĹ𣿡ųĬˣҶ绺˵̫֮Ĺܸ£ұ֤̫֮Ĺ˵һݴԵ
ģ
̫֮ĹųĹ֮һȻʷ˽̫֮Ĺųָ˵˵ʵȷʵѵõ̫֮ĹеĻԵҶܸ˵һݻԵ춨˵˵ĸ
ţ£ҿģҶ˵ͷ
Ҷǰɷ£һʱ䣬һҶǰһĴ𸴡Ǹ˵
û⣡Ҷʮִȵ˵
Ŷչ˺Ҷǰ
һɫ黨ȹ£˫޳ںڳɢ˫磬ʸŵŮӵ
İɸףŶᵡҶǰģŮ΢΢һЦ˵
ҶǰȲ裡
뿪ŮΪҶ絹ϲˮ䣬ؿ¶һĨ˵İɫջ
л
Ҷ΢΢һЦ۾û¶һ˿ɫûж࿴Ůؿ¶Ĵ⣬Ʒζ裬·еǰŮӸ
ҶǰҴиоһǿҵĽ⣬ǰҲ޽֮˰ɣŶĿ峺Ҷ磬ҧһ촽
޽Ҷ翴ŮӾµ˵ͷ
ȻŮĺҶ̫ŮɫƵԶʤҶûȤ
ǰҲ޽ŶȽ޶ۣǰɷָŶŮ΢΢ΪҶ絹ˮÿҶ磬ĵ˵
Сɫջңҵǿָһ㣡ҶĿתؿŮӵ
лҶǰ
ŮӾµϸֳ˵ĺΣվӣЩ˼˵
˵ɣ޽˵Ű𣡡Ҷ
лл
ŮӽԼ޽ԴԴϵ˳
ȻЩѶҶԽ̫ϸΪŮӽţһéٿඥĸоҶԽη
ŮҶԽʱ˻ˣҶŮ֮Ľ
ôôͻˣŮӾСͣ˵
ŶҶǰ̣
ʵ֮ĶԻҶ˸м
ǰҶǰԽ̫ˣԭһֱ͸һЩ⣬ڱҶǰ仰˵͸ˣŮӵ˵ͷ˵
֪ΣҶеĲ豭
Ը⽫̫֮ĹҶǰʱϣҶǰ̫֮Ĺܸ˵һݻԵһ
İɣȻӦǣһᾡģ̫֮Ĺ̫գҲ֪ԼܲܵõԵҶ
۳ɰǶҶӺ
ȻҶ˵о֮˸صҶǱݣһ飬һԵ
һᾡ˺ڵģҶЦ˵
Ҷǰм¼̫֮Ĺλãڵ̫֮ĹΧռܲȶǷʱ䣬̫֮Ĺռȶʱǽѵʱ򣡡һö򽻸Ҷ
л
Ҷ罫͸Уס̫֮ĹλãսǬС
Ҷǰǻһ֮룿뽫˵תƵطʱҶǰ˵ˡ
û⣡ҶʮʹشӦ
ллҶǰҲǰװǻǰ㹻͵ģϲæŵ
;ͲˣҸˣæһ£Ҷ罫˵Ϣ˳
İҶǰǻ취ǰˣ˵ޣǰȲȥƸƸսϢͨĵط˵
лҾ͹ʱ䣬ȥһ˰Ƹ󣡡Ҷ۾һ˵ͷ
Ҷǰһʱ䣬ܸһкܶҪ㣡Ůð
ԣ
Ҷ˵ͷʹشӦ


1634 
һ֮˵ǨƵսħ壬޷Ѱǡ
˵ȫȶҶֱ˴Ѷ̣ǱˣԦһսδ֪սٷУǰսյ֮һ
ս磬ҶԦսٷʱ䣬ӽ½ɵİ
ǰʱУҶǬпԼǰյʥһſżֵɹƷƷʥʵ
ţռûңӦþǰΧĻǳҪˣ
оǳҶоѣһ뿪Ǭսϣ͸սĽƣԶܲǿա
Ưǿգû뵽սôƯľ󣡡
Ҷ类ԶеƵǬд˳
磬ǰʲôط
Ƶ۾¶֮ɫץҶĸ첲˷ܵ˵
ǰǰˣ
Ƶ˵Ҷ¶˵Цݵ
̫ˣһδǿգƵ鲻ԽĽԴҶ첲ϣǿС
սڻǳмٷУԽԽӽ
Ǻ
ԵҶΣյǺ˵Ҫ򣬱ҪԽǺ
ûеʵԽǺļʼͣһĵҲпɥǺС
СӣҪҪս
ԶǺԼٶȷҶ¶ŵЦݵ
˭˭
ǵ۾ƵսʢֳּƷʥ赶ͷŰͨʥӣҶ粢վڴͷϣӭһſ󣬳ڽʯ
ƣ
Ƶһڵݵ£ֳַ赶͵Ĺ˷赶еƣһֻչ߷ɣϵطһſʯ
Ҷûжκεƾǿ͵ĹһſŽʣʯ顣
ҶƵվڴͷԽսԽ£Ǻǿ˺ѿһȫͨ
Ҳ֪˶ãƵͷðĺ飬Щ֧ʱҶ罫ȫĵںһ𣬺һͼֱըſʯǺս˳Ǻʻ˰Χ
ʻûãҶ緢Զźɫ죬Ƕһſ˶ͷսʰΧ״Ǽʻ
û뵽ô鷳
Ҷ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ͸ǶͷµսӦǹˡ
壬Ҷûһ˿֮ɫ˲֪ôҶ顣
䣡
ҶսսʱͻȻ⵽սڲϵغҶսսҵĲ

Ҷ罫Ƶ͵ǬУʩչͨطѳͨӭŴڣһһҷս
ûУҲңǻòͷˣ
Ҷսٻ켶ͼٵؽӡǳĴӡŻ֮һս
䣡
⵽Ҷʩչӡսķ飬µӡݿŴսϵĹ֡
Ҷľӳףֱӷɽսϣ¾
Ҷ;Ѫϴ£սܿˣֳֻӹ˾ĻɱȫɥҶ;֮֡
Ѫã
Ҷݻսնɱʱһ۽ѻ֪꣬Ѫõ£Ѫڹ壬һʵһֻ̤ǹ۷ǿߡ
ȻҶѪõľܴ󣬵ϵĵ̫࣬ǲϳɳĻľΪɱﵣѪҲη塣
ѹ˵Ҷ緵صսϣ½ȥ
̫ˣʱǼʷУƸڵ½̫ԶɫҰʱҶԦսʻһ԰ǵ½׼Ϣգһ԰½ټ·
öĸ֣
ɽ԰½һǳ԰ǳǣ˿ķԶʤ򣬽ֵ¥ͥԺջ̹ɫֵǸ֣ƽʱټĵ۸֣洦ɼֵڽֵ϶ܼ
û߶ԶҶתһʮֵĽֵֵȫ¥һû֦չűɴ¶ŴŮվڽֵϣ·ŪˣǵȤ
˶ǺöŽֵϵĳƵһСӣĵ˵ҪҪҸŸ٣ȥ¡
Щӹ֬׷۾ˣҵȤĴŮ绨ѩ£֪ĴŮ𣿡ҶЦ˵

Ƶ΢΢̣һ˵ĻȣҶĸ첲ɢŨŨ֬Ľֵҵһ侰ɫ޽ɽµĿջϢ
СҶӣҹҪﰲοį𣿡
ƵվҶ⣬һ´ĳĵ˵
ð֮ã
Ҷ翴Ƶò񻰵
ȥɣå
Ƶ˲͸ҶһİۣһʵЦݣת뿪ˡ


1635 Ǳ
峿͵͸ӳսеҶ绽ѡ
Сӣ˯ˣ̫ɹƨˣ
ŶһʱԽԽ˵ĹϵԽԽܣҲԽԽĬҶվƵ⣬Ц˵
СҶӣ˯ûμң
һϮɫ黨ȹӻҪֵƵţЩһչ¶š
ˣˣǳȥ䣬мƷʥ𣿡
ΪǬҶ׼ǮƷʥȻƷʥļֵɱħ֣ҶƷƷ쾧ټϲټƷʥ㹻򡢶һһЩƷʥ
Ǳǽȥ䡣
ҶƵιһ԰ǳǣһ¥ߣ޽Ĺɫص㣬ڽ֮µñƵ˽ȥ
λ֪Ҫʲô
Ҷûؾ磬߽Ǳʱһ۳ȹӸɢŵŮӣ¶ŵЦݣӭ˹ʵ
Ʒʥ֪𣿡Ҷ統˵

Ҷ绰䣬ʱ˴Ŀ⣬ˢˢͶ
ŮӶ¶һ˿֮ɫɵðҶ硣
ƷʥļֵߣһЩ֮ûһĲһݣ
ҪƷʥŮһסĵ𾪣ʵ
ţ֪в𣿡Ҷ˵ͷ
ǱղѼƷʥѽǱֻ֮ﻻֱӳۣŮӵ
ãҾó֮ͬǽѼƷʥҶʮʹ˵
ӣС룡
ҶƴֵĿŮӲҵԴͨǱ㣬һ£ƮŵؽƵżС
ӣ֪ɷҿ׼׵ıŮΪҶ˵ɢŨŨ裬
ԣ
Ҷ˵ͷǬٻһìһ꣬һźߵĳǼƷʥȼı
֪Σ
Ҷ罫Ůӣ
ҸоƵļƷʥɣŮϸϸһ۾һ˵
Ƶı޽ô󣡡Ҷ˵ͷ֪ɷһѼƷʥ
ƷʥƷȷʵܺãһǱ֮ҪóƷ쾧ŮӽҶ磬˵
ɽ
ҶĽܱٵ쾧˵رôʮʹشӦˡ
ӹȻǺˬ֮ˣΪȡǱ֮˵ţŮ뿪ȥرȡ
һṦŮӷص᷿УУѷӡؽƣ쳣߳
ӣѽǱ֪֮ӿɷ⣡
ΪǱŮӲ³⣬⿪˽ƣʥҶ硣
ѼƷʥҪˣ
˵ţҶ罫ƷʥԼһöװаƷ쾧ǬָŮӣ׵ѼƷʥ
ټǰڻɱ˵õļƷʥҶļƷʥﵽһʮѣһǬ
ӣ֪㻹Ҫ𣿡ʶҶֱʣŮϵЦݸŨˣʵ
ǱйҶԹȤȽϴ󣡡Ҷʵ
ȻУʹӡСȥ󣡡
Ů˵Ҷ뿪᷿ͨһµĴֱһӡǿƵĹŸ֮С
߽͸Ųɣ֮еĹŸҶ۾ԼٵݣѰԲĹ
ţʲô֦
ҶԸӦһ飬ĿͶһ׶ߣͨںڣͨ͸ŹϢ֦һᣬ֦ˡ
֪֦ôҶ֦Ůǰʵ
֦Ϲţݳǧֻ꣬һƷ쾧ɣŮӿһҶе֦˵
һƷ쾧Ƶһ磬ɿˣֵֵ֦ۡ
ȻƵ֪ҶƣȴϣҶ統ԩͷѵ
ֵֵȥо¡
˵ţҶóһǬָŮӡ
֦ǹӵˣ
ŮһǬָеļƷ쾧˵˵֦Ҷ硣
ʴ⣬ŮãƵ̫ƯĳȵͶ籧ˡ
߰Сӣǻȥ
˵꣬ҶûǱôƵ뿪Ǳֱӷص˿ջС


1636 Ѫ
磬֦ʲôر֮
صջƵҶԼصǬУоҶ绨ǮµĹ֦Ӧò򵥡
ڻ˵оһ¿
ҶȡԷ֦ϸϸ
ݵ͸֦䣬ҶĿһСƤУĽâСĸָ׸ǴСƤ
ţҶ˷ʥڻСƤһƷ쾧µ֦ճ˻ҽ
ô磬㿴ˣ
Ҷ罫֦ճɻңػһԵƵʵ
ǣǹ֦ûмֵֵСƤҶҡҡͷոո£ָ״СƤ˳
СƤʲôر֮Ƶͷǿ͸ƤУûзƤļֵ
һ֪ˣ
˵ţҶȡһСƿ޸֮ˮСƤ޸֮ˮС
ţҶȼϸСĻ磬ض޸֮ˮмȣ޸֮ˮٵ͸ƤС
Լһʱ¶ȳ޸֮ˮиֳѪ˿Ⱦ˴޸֮ˮ
þѪ֮ƤѵŴľѪо޸֮ˮ͸ľѪ֮Ƶɴ˫ۣԾ˵
ûиоĻƤصĲǾѪǸѪ
Ҷ¶˵ЦݣȻһ˿ֱ𲻳ǺֵȼѪ֪ԼһƷ쾧ֵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ѪĵȼԶԶѪÿʧһΣ޷ˣѪֲУмγǿѪ塣
Լʱ󣬽޸֮ˮеƤȫڻˣһСƿ޸֮ˮȾѪɫ
ջܴûиоڹ֦еѪӦ漶ѪӦó˶ʮΡҶԸӦһ޸֮ˮɢŨѪ֮Ѫ¶˵Цݵ
漶Ѫ
ƵĴڣӵͨ쳹֮ܣµѪֵɹ棬»ʥн
Сӣ·
Ŀɿڴ뵽֮еƵҶ¶˵Цݵ
㣬ʲôһû׼
ƵһӭҶ۾µͻȻֳ˵ĺε
СӣЩʲô·׼漶ѪĨϣգڵѪȼ
ɫޣֵƵҶҲɵñ̬¶ŵЦݵ
Ҫ漶ѪңƵɴ۾
ţ漶ѪȻ󣬵˵ȴͬߣûôҶ˵ͷڵѪ̫ϡں漶ѪӦܴѪȼ͵ȱݣ޵һ;ߵøԶ
磬лл㣬ҵ̫ˣƵж˵
ˣ֮ôҶ翴ĿƵ΢΢һЦң·ѵҰ㽫漶ѪڽѨУʱѪ
ţ
ս޵Ƶ˵ͷҶϸָһ⿪˰ȹϵĿӣʵϰ·
׵ĳȹƵ·ţ̰֬Ƥϻ䵽ʱ˫屩¶ڿУҶؿĻȣĺ󱳣ӯӯһյϸ
ҲǸоҶ۾һֱԼ⻬ĺ󱳣Ƶķ·һֻС¹׵Ƥ棬Ǹֳķۺɫ
Сӣ׼ˣҿʼ漶ѪڽѨˣ
Ҷһ漶Ѫָ⣬Ƶ⻬ĺϡ
о󱳴УƵϵĺθŨˡ
һ̣оһǿѪ֮бˣæתǿʥȫգʱԼڵѪ
оƵȫľ漶ѪһſѪ͸ȫë͸˳Ҷæְ⻬ĺϣ֮Ѫѹ漶Ѫ
漶ѪȻǿ󣬵һѪ֮Ѫȣ޷ԽĲ࣬ں֮Ѫѹ£Ƶָ˳̬漶ѪҲ
Լʱ䣬Ƶ漶ѪڵѪ췭ظı仯
оƵѨе漶ѪʧҶֹʼʩ漶Ѫڽ壬ʱѪ
ܿ죬ʮȥˡ
ʮУƵ˶ʮ漶ѪڵѪʵķԾɱѪ
;Ҳ漶Ѫ·췭ظı仯˶ʮڽľǴﵽǵ۷壬ǵҲһ֮ң
ǵŬûа׷ѣںʮ漶ѪɱѪʵӦʮټϷ赶ͰӸӦÿԻɱǵ۸ˣ
оƵı仯Ҷ¶˵Цݣʮذ˱ѪȾĳȹ˵
磬лл
鼤ƵתؿŸ̫Ҷ硣
ͻȻƵ˽ż⣬۵˫ۣҶĲӣݺݵȥһǶ顣


1637 Ѫ
峿ȵҶݹɢŵƵ뿪˿ջ׼뿪԰ǳǣ½ȥ
һ֮󣬶Ȼûиһչ֮ĹϵȴԽԽܡ
ո̤սҶüͷ΢΢һ¡
ô˳磿
оҶıЩ쳣Ƶʵ
û£߰ɣ
Ҷҡҡͷʻս뿪԰½ǰ˰Ĵ½
Ҷսޱ޼ʵǿзһʱͻȻٶȼսʻ
ţսʰΧ״ҶսΧм䡣
Ѫս죡
ŰΧԼʮսһѪս죬Ҷ֪˭Ѱˡ
Сӣһἤսʱǵչ˺ԼҶĶ
İɳ磬нܱңԹҲ£
ҶĽܱ٣ƵĽܻڣں˴ļƷ쾧ܵʵﵽǵۼ£ȫսһܡ
СôĹҴݻҵսɱ£ҿĲͷˣ
ʮսΧҶսһײеǿ˷
һ̣ϢµĹַɳսƯǿУҶˡ
Ѫðɣ
һĿݣѪɫۣɫ裬յ۾б֮ɫһֻ̤ǹӣҶµݣȻʵ
ǱѪõ˵ͷ°˵СͶ̥ǵò۾Щǲġ
ȷʵкܶǲĴܿϧ㣡
ȻѪõʵǿҶʵȣټ̫ƣѪûв
Ӳȱס㣬Ҫ㻹Ӳ𣿡
˵ţѪÿݵб֮Ϯ˳Ҷڵսսҵҡ
ħɣۣ磬Ѫʨ
ҶһĴִǬٻ˳
һ̣ȼǿĺ֮ѪԼʥӲʵǵ۷塣
Ѫãʵϣ㲻Ҫʧ
Ȼʵ۷壬ҶȻѪһ磬ǿȫֲʵϵĲ࣬һ̤飬ϢǿգӲɢѪͷŵĿơ
ҶɱѪʱۣħɣ󳬼ʥ޷׷ٻǿıɱѪõ¡
Ƶ뽣սնɱ߿սĵˡ

ѪÿҶȶ˫ֿٵŤһȾǿյѪӡһɴڣûҶ硣
켶꣬ƣ
Ҷ꺣а׹һ켶Ӷɳ񽣣ǿգŵ⣬һնѪӡѪӡƵĹ
켶꣡
ƵԼ켶꣬Ѫһɣ¶֮ɫ
ԾҶԽ裬ӵɵø󣬲˳
𾪵ؿһʮѼƷʥɳҶ壬ͷǬ켶Ǭںһʱ¶ĽâһС
ģһﵽʲôôô༫Ʒʥ
Ѫ֪ƷʥļֵҲûмоҶݲ򵥡
ѪʮۺҶıû¶⣬͸ŨŨɱ⣬ҪɱҶ磬һС
Ѫȣ𣡡
Ѫſͣ³ĵƣͨʥȼѪȣŴĿѪ⣬Ҷ硣
ߣͨʥ͸ôģ
ҶһǬܼĽӭȥ
ͣ
һ̶ƿƷͨʥǬֱնѪȣϮѪá
ÿܣ
Ѫɫ΢΢һ䣬ٻԼķѪƵÿܣǰֵǬĹ
ǬǬһ
ÿӲǬ󹥻ʱҶһǬںһ𣬻һʮų޾Ǭ޽
һնǿձµǬ޽ֱǿһؽۣηһնȫֵÿܣնѪá
ôܣʵôôǿ
ʶҶ뵽սѪˣ޷һǵҶ磬ܱȾ˵ս
Ѫãʵ
ƵѪõĹҶʤ׷ϵʩչǿʥŷԲǿգ͵ĹѪãȫѹĹơ
ȻѪǹ۷ʵԼѪȵֵסҶ糱ˮĹơ
ʱƣѪõĿʼ󣬽Ҷѹס
ã߽
ѪýҧأӲǬһʱҶӲϵرֳ־齣նݻŲã񽣣ӳǿգ·ӣֱӽȫѪն˳ȥڰ˴Ѫ


1638 Ѫó
ҶԵʵشѪãħɣۣʥҲռžԵƣ¾Ѫõ¡
ܿ죬Ѫôİ˴룬ѪΨһһǹ£Ǳħְֳͨʥȼɫǹһǹ
Сҵţ𱾹һᱨģ
ѪҲû뵽Լһ˵ĲأԼǱԶԶԼҶش⣬ҪͻΧ뿪
ϵ磡
Ѫ׼ʱϵ縡ֳҶģҶ罫ȫĽɫ뵽ϵ֮ʱһݹصĵâƳգ޾Ļ֮նɫޱѪá
оϵһĿ£Ѫòϵƽз
κϵĹ̫£µϵâݿѪõķƣݺݵնϣ˳ȥѪģ
ʥѹأ
ٿϵһشѪãҶʤ׷ٻһͨʥѹһأѹѪõ壬Ļᡣ
Сɱҵģ
Σʱ̣˵Ѫиֳһ㶴һ˶֮С
ߣȲ㣡
˵ţҶ籩¶֮ľƻľϵرҡҷɫڣ֯ŵ֮⣬ݺݵسѪõ
ѪõȻȼͣǿȰͨʥľһδεɱ䣬ԽһƷͨʥ
ڻľҡҷɫڣһδ͹£Ѫõ˵Ѻۣڲ޴𶯣ʥѪø޷ˡ
ģСѵ˻ʵɣϵıΪһһǿ󣡡
оķϱľ飬ĻķƣΣˡ
Ĳİ취ʱµĻľݺݵؽ鿪һ󶴡
һ̣Ҷһ뵽˶֮УɫѪá
£ⶼᣬ¿ϷңԸ߸һܣ
̵ҶĿ£Ѫ޸ոյӲ˵Ҳ֡
Ʈ콣䣬Ʈ
ҶѪãֳ־齣ʩչոƮ콣һն
һնµĽâһ޵еĽзǧη
ۣ
ѪƱҶʩչƮն飬µĽâݺݵնݵϣƿķն˳ȥ
֮ѹ
ˣѪòϵص֮ѹҶ硣
κΣڻľ£˷ӿĶ֮ϵ飬޷Ӱ쵽Ҷ硣
ѪãڸһĻᣬҾһ
ս̫ˣҪһϤսˣǰѪѵѡ
ܣ᳼κˣѪǿӲػӦ
ɲ㣡
˵ţҶ˾齣ڻľ£ǿѪá
Ѫ⵽شսֵסҶ͵Ҷڽһδκɡ
ҶǿشѪãĥ־ʱۣħɣʥ޼ɱ֮Ѫõ£ŨŨѪȾա
ѣ
ҶŻľȫǿ֮ĩѪʱγ˵ѣݺݵغѪû꺣Уشꡣ
⵽شѪõ־󽵵ͣѣǱ˺ѵǧٿףѪ˳߿˳
ʥѹ
Ϊ˷ֹѪԱ⵽ػʱҶưͨʥȼʥݺݵѪ㲻Դϣֱش꣬˹ȥ
ɻԣ̻꣡
ţҶóһɻԣѪѪͣ˽ȥɻʴĴʶ
ѪƼأֵסɻԵʴأĴԱɻʴҶ罨ϵ
ҶɻԿѪôʶʱۣħɣʥֻɱ˴ĵˡ
ܿ죬ʮƵѪ²̶ֻӣԺǡ
ʹ죬ʵ̫ʹˣ
վѪɫǿ£ţ·Ļع顣
Ҳ¶֮ɫʮܸҶӣоԼϲʽ
ԼʱѪýڻ
ΪĴʶɻԿƣҶʱ۾¶һ˿ã֮ɫ
Ѫã͸߰ɣֻҪңҿͻƵǹ磡Ҷ翴˫ã¶һ˿ܵѪã˵
ģ
Ѫ۾һɣЩŵʵ
㿴ʲô
ҶһóһƬĻ
þԣ
о͸ľѪõɴ˫ۣ¶֮ɫ
ǻĻ꣬㹻ԽһͻƵǹ磬ոճңδĻ껹㣡Ҷ絭˵
ãĻԤˣѪһպкβǲҶӡ
ڸң֪ǸܣҶ


1639 Ƹ
֪ǸܣʲôԵһͨĹŴ󣡡Ѫʵ˵
ǹŴλøңҶüͷһƣİϲ
ȻĿ껹磬ΪĸҶ޼Ѷ硣
ǹŴڰǺ֮УѪýŴλøҶ硣
ˣĶҳȥɣ
˵꣬ҶѪ뿪˶˱ѪȾǿգ䵽Ƶصսϡ
Ҷ٣еսƷ
۽ɱˣõսƷ˳Ҷ硣
ѪýԼˣ
Ҷ˴սƷ˵
˵ۣ꣬ħɣʥ޴ͻǬУѪüԦսǰ˴½
Ѫö԰ʮ˽⣬ԦսܿΣգܿʻ˰½½С
Ѫã֪Ƹʲôط𣿡սҶ翪ʵ
Ҷ٣ҪȥƸ̽ϢѪʵ
ţҪƸѰһˣҶ˵ͷ
Ƹڴ½вٷָҴҶȥķָ̽Ϣ
˵ţԴ½ʮϤѪãҶ磬Ƶ޽ڴ½һͳǳأǳǡ
ԼʱҶһ˷ɵǳǣ˳Ⱥ߽˽죬ɫʻҺɫһѹָоǳС
ǳǵĽΪζɫŽֵһҺɫҶ粻ʵ
ΪǳϹţһսҪǣ귢սһѪȾ죬ö֮ǳǵĽ˻ҺɫڸѪ˺ۡѪý
ԭ
Ҷ˵ͷѪһֱĴ·ϼٴٽʱ֣һͼţһž޴ƣǿµƸ⡣
Ҷ٣ƸиĵĹ涨һֻϢ˲ܽȥ˵ȲڣҺС㣡Ѫ˵
ãСѪһأȥȥ
˵꣬Ҷ̤ŲɵĽݣһ㱡Ľƣ뵽ƸС
ϢĻϢģ
Ҷո߽߻ҰƸһͳĶУһ˿ʵ
Ϣ
Ҷͦζ˵
ϢǰҪȽƷ쾧𣡡ͳ˵
ԣ
ҶóһöǬָ˹߻ҰƸ
ɣͳ
һȣҶǰĹ߶ʱҶ翴һֳͷȵİ׷һ̫ʦעԼ
ǵ֣
ǰİ׷Ҷͫ΢¶һ˿֮ɫ
û뵽ԼȻƸмһʵǵ֡
ȼĸ֣ѼսʵԶʤ
ʲôϢ
׷Ҷ缸ۣĮ˵
˵ԼҪ֪浤ϢҶ绺˵
Ϣļ۸ɲˣ浤ϢҪˣһϢ۳ɰƸ󶼲˻͡׷
ףҶ˵ͷ
ϢҪһǧƷ쾧׷
һǧƷ쾧
ȻҶ²ƸշѺܸߣȴû뵽˵ס
ɱܣΪƣȫƷ쾧֧˹Ϣĳ͡
Ҫʲôˣ׷һǧƷ쾧ʵ
ҪǰЩսһһŮԼһֻ룡ҶϸĽ˵Ϣ˰׷
ãṩϢϸֻҪǻսƸᾡҵǣ׷浤ϢҲѰҡ
֪ǰҪܸ׼ȷ𸴣Ҷʵ
ԣ׷
Ǻãº
˵꣬Ҷûˮת뿪ƸƸƵѪûϡ
ո߳ƸҶ緢Ѫ˷ͻɫͨƵ¶ŭ֮ɫ
ôˣʲôˣҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
Ҷ٣⼸˵֪ߵغ񣬵ҵϷС㣬ɱǣѪ
󵨣ˣ˺ңұ֤岻ŹǣηѪʵӴ
ʲô
Ҷһ˫иֳ֮켶ͼ޾Ļ֮ƽ˶˵Ļ꺣УʱǵĴʶ
һ̣ͻȻԷɱһ˫˫̽˶Է壬˶ԷϾ˶Է
߰ɣ
ҶĮؿһ۵ѪУʹϣ֣ƵѪ뿪ˡ
ѪãҪﶺʱ䣬֪ǳʲôɹĵط𣿡
ոյһĻδӰҶ磬һߣһʵ
УǳĵطһϹŵ֣ٴϲְ̯вϲԵѪ˵ʱûмǴһº־ͻῪ
ãֿǾȥ䣡
Ҷ˵ͷԼֲŨȤǸסһԺȴֿ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ֿ֮գǳ˲ٴǳǱÿǰ֡
ҶһҲ뿪˱ԺѪô£ǰӵƾʷ֡


1640 
֣
Ҷ˴Ľƣ߽е֣ǰ֣ܶѵһĴﶼ̯ױ
Ѫãʲôرע𣿡Ҷ紫ʵ
ĶǴǶ쾧ĲأһϲﻻֻҪó֮ܽеıѪôӦ
ã֪ˣǹ䣡
˵꣬ҶйɨһЩʵݴ̯λϵı
ţҶͣһٵ̯λϣĿͣһȭͷСͨڵʯͷϡ
ҶʯͷȽϸȤ֪Ҫһʲô
ҶԷӦһڵʯͷ£ͷñ۾Ʊߣʵ
ʯͷҴӰ궴õģʯͷзӡһɿµ꣬ҪֻһŰͨʥɣ΢΢ƤӣһҶ
ãɽ
Ҷ˵ͷǬָóһŰͨʥߡ
ţͨʥƷʲʯˣ߼һҶİͨʥ¶֮ɫСһ仰Żʯӡ꼫£Ϸǵʵ
лǰ棬СĵأҶ΢΢һЦŷӡ֮ĻʯսǬι֡
ڼ䣬ҶпΪҪĶ̫ϡ٣ҶûУֻܴ
ţʲô
Ҷһ˼ߵ־ͷʱҶһ̯λϷһƴС治ûκ·ЩıƬ
ȻⱦƬͨȴⱦƬ˹Ҷ绺˹ȥʼۡ
ұƬνף
ҶḧһıƬʵ
һͨʥɫۣ˫޻ף۽һ԰̺۵Į˵
ߣⱦƬһͨʥѪһ
򣬲ÿ̺ɨһѪãͷ˵
鱦ƬҺϲҪˣ
Ҷ׼óˮɫǹ鱦Ƭʱһг
һۣͷڣ̤ѥʵﵽӻ˹
лһͨʥȼĳ
ⱦƬȿϵģҲҪɣҶɨһ۵
аͨʥؿһһǵҶ磬м˵
ҷȤҶҡҡͷͨʥȼɫǹ˳
֪ǹɷһⱦƬҶʵ
ԣ
̺ɨһۻеİͨʥȼĳֿһҶеɫǹɫǹӵϲ
ȵȣټƷʥⱦƬüͷ΢΢һ壬óƷʥӴ˳롣
ҶԼƷʥûȤӶҲûã̺Į˵
ˣⱦƬˣ̺ӺˮƬӸҶ磬еɫǹ
£֪һʿȻͨʥ󣬵ͨʥƬȣо޴ļֵ࣬ο鱦ƬһͨʥƬУɴ׵ķ
ۿײɣʮֱɵĵ˱Ƭļֵ
Ƭˣʲô˵ɣ޹ϵˡ
̺ӿһ۱Ƭûһ˿ڵ˼̯λת뿪ˡ
Ҫ˶һ۱ɣһ޳ܣǺܶ˽ģҶ翴ɫĻӵϸһƷͨʥҲⱦƬø㡣
Сӣ㲻Ҫ⣬ƣ
סеŭһݻת뿪ˡ
Ҳ߰ɣٹһ֣
ȻʧȥˮɫǹһŰͨʥҶΪ⣬ƵѪֹһ֡
вʱֻѡһͨ尵ɫɢŵ֮ľͷּۻۡ
ŻľֵһŰͨʥżƷʥ֪ҽ𣿡óƷʼߣžŵƵļƷʥ
⡭
߿һۻżƷʥԥ
һŰͨʥ㽻ˣ
ڰЩĶʱҶóһŰͨʥ
ŻľȿϵģѵҪɣӿǰҵҶ磬Ϊջ
ôˣҶ΢΢һЦҾҪκң
ãɽ
Ҷĵİͨʥߵ۾ʱҶ練ڣʥŻľ׸Ҷ硣
ȵȣҲаͨʥ
û뵽һԵֱҶߣŭ˵
˼ŻľѾҵˣˣ
˵꣬ҶЦЦŻӵ棬ŻľսǬУŭĿע£ת뿪ˡ


1641 Ҷ̯
Ҷ٣˵ʵǿһǾǶ֣
ѪøоӵʵǿԶԶԼѵ
֪뿪Ϊ壡Ҷ¶һ˿ŵЦݣӵǬ»ϮɱԼ
߰ɣҸ˵̯λ̯
һȦҶûٿϲ֮һ˵̯λԼЩõһЩֵߣԼ֮˳̯λϣȴš
Ҷ٣ʲôȼݣצӺƤ
Ҷó޲͸һɿµϢѪõɴ۾Ծʵ
Ҵֻм޵ʬϸµĲϣҶ绺˵
мޣ
Ѫõһ
޾սҲѼм޵ĿѪøһֻмޣҪͳΪм޵Ŀꡣ
Ҷ٣ҲҪ
Ҷ罫˳Ѫһæʵ
İɣкü䣬ֻҪңģҶ΢΢һЦ
Ҷոս̯֮λϣһɫȹƯ͸һĨ԰ףɢ֮Ůӣͬ˹
Ǿ
ȹŮεľһʵ
ǾҶ˵ͷ̫أ˵֮޷ҽιˡ
ܸоˣȹŮüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ܣҶ˵ͷһһϣȫҽιˣùָ۷ʵ
˵ţҶ罫һݳǧĻʥ˳
ʥ
ȹŮ۾һ¶ϲ֮ɫߣҲ¶˵ϲɫ
ⲻǵĻʥݳǧĻʥҶ絭˵
˵ɣҪʲôȹŮӰסĵļʵ
浤Ҷ翪ڵ
ڿЦɣͻʥȻ󣬵ȴ޷浤Ტۣο浤Ȥ𣿡ȹŮΪҶϷŪЩջ˵
ɣɷó֮¿ϲ֮ҾｻˣҶ˼һµ
ã
ȹŮӵ˵ͷĶУó˲ټֵ֮ƯڰС
ʱֵ˱óıҪʱȹŮӶб춯صƣܣŵ˷׷׺󳷣ҿǡ
ǵ۷֣
оߵʵҶ粻ɵö࿴˲ȹŮһۣ·ݵı־
ﻻóѡȹŮӺ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷһӦһʵ
ţǺ
Ҷͫһɵһʵ޻ûһ˿·ӣԵǿһʱӦӵʵ
żȻõģҲδ⿪ܣһԿ϶Ӳ򵥡ȹŮӻ˵
ãԼѪϲҪˣ
ҶڲȹŮ౦ѡͻʥ
ϣ߰ɣ
Ըҵ֮ȹŮûоôת뿪
ȵȣ
ʱҶͻȻס
ô£ȹŮüͷ΢΢һ壬õʵ
ﲻ׼Ƭָƣ꣬˵ڶʱͻƵ֮ŲȹŮӱӣҶ粢
꣡
ȹŮ۾һ˻ꡣ
֪ĹЧҶ۵ĻǻĻ꣬Լ֮İԺܴ
ҪˣҪʲô
ȹŮϸϸһ»꣬о̺Ļ֮α䲻ȵ˵
֪е𣿡Ҷ˼һµ
ô֪еȹŮɫ΢䣬˫б⣬·ҪҶ翴
ﲻҪᣬλ壬Ϊ֪УоȹŮ۾¶ĵ⣬Ҷ͵
ãҺ㽻ˣ
Ȼ󣬵ֻҪ̤ϵ֮ȹŮԸ⸶κεĴۣԥһ£óһнҶ硣
Ҷ򿪽ʱʱһǿĵ֮ڽ
Сӣ͸㣡
ȹŮӽ֮Ҷ罫żֵɹĵ͸Ƶ
ӣ·ǿ칬ȹŮһ뿪Ѫô
ţ֪
Ҷ˲ٴܵ䣬սڶ칬Ϊ˽⣬ͨȹŮ·ϵı־ϳǵݡ
Ҷύ칬ֻ뽻׵֮ʵӦʱ鷳Σա


1642 ջ
ȹŮӸո뿪пˡ
ֻ֪ϵĲô
һɢǿҽ⣬һؽϲ룬Ũü۵ӣɨһµϣʵ
ҪƷʥ֪ж٣
оؽɢĽ⣬Ҷ˼һ£ʵ
жʮѼƷʥֻܸʮѣؽ˵
ټأҶһó˻ɱܣõһݵ
ãҸʮѼƷʥ
Ҷеݣؽ۾һƹİ
ɽ
ݣ޲϶ҶãƷʥҶ˵ȴãõ˶ʮѼƷʥǬ
֮ؽӱǱؽ̤ųصĲ뿪ˡ
սǾĵطʵ̫ˣ
ȻؽӿʵԸӦ£Ҷ绹Լоʵľ磬ȹŮһǵ۷֣ʵɲ⡣
Ҷ̯λֻʣԴƷʥʯԼһžᡣ
ž¼崫ʥ
ôĹĲ
һ֣䷢Ҷ۹žܣȻŭǳʱ˲˵ע⡣
ôҶɨһ۾֣˵
Сӣôõʵһŭ
ɱõģ𣿡Ҷ赭д˵ֵֻķζըˡ
ҶоǴϽ֣͸Ҷʵֻؼסӣҧʡ
С֣Ҫ䵽ϣҶԣ
ŴαҶ߱Ļؾһ뿪ˡ
Ĳ
˸ߣһ׷˹һҶ磬ʵ
ʵҶ˵ͷ
Ҫˣ㿪۰ɣ׷ߵҪȥúоͨ
ǰλ˳ͻƵǹĵҩǰˣҶָߵѪõ
ŵҩ㣡
һһ۴СžŵƣɢŨŨҩĵҩС
ʥ
ĵĵҩѪõ۾ʱϳŵҩ
ʥĵҩмκ־磬Ѫһֻ̤ǹ磬ӵʥоųɼͻƵǹ
ãǰˣ
Ѫõı飬Ҷûԥòеʥ
Сѣ֪ⱾԴô
õû뿪ǽĿͶԴ
һԴ̺Դ⣬һͨʥȼս£ҶõͨʥƬͨʥȼս¡
ܵõͨʥȼս£ٽͨʥƬڽսУķﵽµĳ̶ȣҪƿס
еˣ׷ߵ켶Դֵۡ
ǰаͨʥȼս£ټһ
˵ţҶ罫½õ̻ľԼһػ˳
û뵽ϵıô࣬ƾ޷ͨʥȼս£׷߿һ̻ľͻػݣҡҡͷ
ټͼأҶһɱųϣõļƷʥȼͼ˳
ǲ׷ҡҡͷϷǵ㣬ϷսףһȫսףֵƷͨʥ
ǰϴأ
Ѫԥһ£ǬָóһУ򿪽ʱһĿĻڽӳ
̫ľ֦ӳ⣬֦׷ߵ۾ð˵⣺ðɣǻĵķϣϷ㽻ˣ
˵ţ׷ߴóһӲӣʴɣŲƬȭͷ׶̵ȫսס
лǰ
Ű׷óĽɫսףҶ֪ΪγٳٲԼˣΪս׵Ʒ̫ˣǰͨʥսеļƷ
֮Ҷ̯λϵı٣һ磬̯λϵıڱȫˣֵõ߼ƷʲļƷʥ
ˣ߰ɣ
ҶûжѪö˵лĻѪðҲѪá
뿪̯λҶһ˻ȥ
ţҶͻȻͣ˽Ų˱Ⱥͷ̯ܶλ̯λϸоĸȤһ


1643 Ҷ
ߣǹȥ
Ҷ¶ŵЦݣƵѪãӵȺߵ̯λԡ
š
۱֮ˣҶһһ˿رĸо
ȻҶоԼδˣ֪ΪΣҶ翴ʱȴһʶĸоΪָоҶҲ벻
ܿ죬Ŀͱһ۴֣ſռâĹľ֦
ǿռľ֦
Ҷͫһϳľ֦ʵ
ʱкܶʵĴǰʼۣҪռľ֦͸֦̺Ŀռ
Сֵܣ֪ռľ֦̺ؿռ򣿡
һɫĵۣӹյİ͹£ɢŵٸʵ
֦̺ؿռ򣡡Ӳ䲻ȵ˵
ع򣡡
ռоؾ磬ǰؾ繥ޣؿռԪؿռ籩գͨʥ
Сֵܣ֪Ҫһʲôٸʵ
ûʲôضģֻҪλóıϲҾͽףӻ˵
Сֵܣ㿴Σٸ˼һ£óһһһƶɣɸκθ֣һռľ֦Σ
ƶɣ
֪ʵ˵һ
Ǵ壬ʮǿͻ̣˸ɱܣƱΪһ̡֪
˼ȻƷʲԶһռľ֦ҡҡͷҪɡ
ڼأٸҧһ촽óһɢ߲ʹâë
񣬾ͨë̺ǿĵ⣬ԵõëԲ͸ɲ͸ַ˶Ե
ҡҡͷ
ҼƷͨʥأٸóһУ򿪽ʱʱŨŨҩ˳ֻһ¾һඥĸо
˼ƷͨʥҲȤҡҡͷίľܾ
ռľ֦ô󣿡
˱ٸֱסΪβĶ
ҾòŮӳ벻۽̫࣬Щ벻Ȥ
ţóռľ֦нףݺܲ򵥣
Χ۵Сš
Сѣ㿴Σ
һĿ࣬ȫűըԼ⣬ħĹͷӼȺǰٻһ
䵽ĵһ̣һϢں˳Ϣ֮ǿúܶʵõ˺ѣ˱ϢŵѪɫˡ
Ʒͨʥ
ͨɢϢܶ˱ϳ˺ĵȼ˾
Ҫ֪ƷͨʥǾ֮ǿ󵽲󣬺ܶ޷˾Ʒͨʥнס
ڲĽӵĺʱȴɨһ۹ͷеĺ˼

ӵĻش𣬲˴۾
ôƷͨʥ벻㷨ۣͷüͷ΢΢һ壬Щʵ
ƷͨʥȻ󣬵ҲȱԸҪռľ֦Ҫԣӵ˵ͷ
ãټһ
˵ţͷӴĶаһͨѪɫǿɺ
켶ɺ
ŹͷӰľ޴ɺӵ۾һ£ȻɺĸȤ
ɺǺõģɺ̺ʮµ켶⣬ǿռľ֦Σͷӵ˵ͷ
λ֪һҪռľ֦𣿡ûشͷӵĻǻˣʵ
һٶʱŭ˹ͷӣɫ˲
СǼ𣿡ͷǿŭ
ȻɺЩȤЩǿ⣬óı޷ңҾ㽻ףӹͷӷŭ񣬵˵
ߣҹ濴ϵĶ˭ҺͷӰԵ˵
ҹ棬ħҹ棡
֪ͷӵݣ¶˾֮ɫкܶ뿪ˡ
ħҹǰŷɥĹ֣ϵʿʮдԣ꿴һŮӣŮлԼΪŮģֱɱŮδš
֮£Ůɱһŭ֮£ŮţڰȻ󲨡
ľͷ㽻Σ
ηħҹ棬ӽʱҶǬóһͨľͷ
ľ
۾ϲ֮ɫһϳľ
ľһľͷӵľڶһ֮ʣľΪ˵һ
ãҺ㽻ˣ
붼û룬ÿռľ֦Ҷ˽ס
Сӣ㵨ӲСҿϵıħҹɫ䣬ɭȻ˵
µ˼ĺ԰Ҷ΢΢һЦʾķ
С֣Ԥˣ̤ǳǣɥ֮գħҹͻȻ¶һ˿̵Цݵúϧµʱɣʱղˡ
˵꣬ŰԵħҹת뿪ˡ
²£˸˺㣬Ұ
˫б⣬ħҹıӰ˵
лº⣬ҲҶ΢΢һЦˣܸңʲô𣿡
Ҷ
ԥһ£ҶϡϤףԼ֡
Ҷ֣ҼסˣǺڣ
˵꣬ҶûоôƵѪ뿪ˡ
ȻҶջСͬ鷳ħħҹ棬СΣա
Ҷ粢£׼չһʱ䣬ʵһӦħҹв


1644 ǵ
Ѫã㣡
صסıԺҶƵѪô͵ǬУһƬѪá
Ҷٲ˽
ѪһֱҶ˽ҶǿҪԼر
İѪãҲҪϵرҪľǾʵҶ΢΢һЦѪеĹǡ
ллҶ٣ȥˣ
Ѫʥͻ꣬ת뿪ҵһĵطʮռУǵ硣
СӣҲȥɣҪãǵ۷徳磬ٷõһǵ硣Ҷ綣
ã
Ƶ˵ͷҲȥǱ޳ǵ۾ˡ
ͨʥƬ
ƵѪ뿪Ҷ罫ͨʥƬ˳
ʥ
Ҷһʥٻ˳ͨʥƬʥУʥ
ʥͨʥƬʱҶ罫ǿصĺɫʯ˳ϸо
ÿµɫʯе׷ӡʲô꣡
Ե͸ɫʯʱҶڻʯиоһɿµϢ֮ǿԶԶ
ûԣҽ⿪ɫʯܣỨǮǱڵΣա
ҿɫʯʲôܣ
ҶһԿٵݣƽźɫʯеĽơ
Լƽ£ɫʯеĽԽԽɣӡڻʯеǿ궯
ڣʯˣһɳҶںɫʯ˳ˮƽҶ꺣С
Ĳлˣ
Ҷ꺣гһħҶš
ħл꣡
Ҷû뵽ʯзӡľȻһħĲлꡣ
Ҫ֪ħĴڣӵл֮ܣһƲлɱ֡
˵񲻳漶޵¡
Сû뵽˵ǿ󣬲͸ɣŵұһս£ħлҶ⣬ײе˵
ҵꡣռҵ±Ӱɣ
ҶһԸ꺣Уռڶħлм䡣
һ̣Իɵɺڶй޾ע뵽ħлУл߽֮Ļ塣
ģʲô𣡡
⵽ɺڶħлŭͷųǿ˽ԼɺڶҪһɺڶ顣
һĿǣħлͷŵ޷ɺڶĻڿռڶ£ϵرѡ
ȵСϷŹңԸ֪ܶܣŹңҽ֪սܶ㣬̤۷壡
ħлȫԿٵ߽⣬ϵؿġ
ħлҶ磬ΪʹԼٵɣٵرħл꣬Ƶһɵ
ԼһʱħлȫˣԻɵɺڶɵΪԵϡ
ħл꣬ԿʼµḶ̌ɹһȫµԳΡ
һȫԾȫʱɻԵﵽţ
սħħܣħ澳磬ѹǺںħлʱҶ֪һҪϢ
ħ֣շħ㵽Ҳη˰ɣҶ۾һĬš
Ҷħ֮ʵ̫ħҪɱֻһҶҪɻ˳շսħҪԼǿ
ʱǵˣ
оʥͨʥƬҪḶ́Ҷó˽׵õѪϲΣ̵˶УѪϲǿԣǬȫǵ硣
Ѫϲһּϡٵʥ̸̣ǻڣҪ
ѪϲĹЧƾ缫£Ѫϲμٷ֮ٿԳƾƿͻƵȫ¾硣
ѪϲιȻǺöҵľƿôˣ
ҶȫѪϲʱоԼľƿ˵ѺۣͻƵļ󣬴ϲ
ͻƵǵ磬ٽͨʥƬͨʥսУսֲĳ̶ȡ
ʱһȥ
ҶʮʱٿռȫƿһδβиŬƿѺԽԽ࣬һȫµ͸ѺۣУǿʵ
ǵͻƣ
оʱ죬ҶһӴһ˾ƿͻƵ˶ǵ硣


1645 Ѫ
ͻˣ
ͻƵ˲䣬Ҷоսʮ౶ǵʮڽƾ壬ѹǵټǿĵƣȫԿǵ
Լʱ仹ʮ죬ҶżįǬһ߹̾磬һ߿ʥͨʥƬ
ʥͨʥƬ⼣ȫʧ¶һƣ͸ǿƬ
һδθӦҶ緢ƬȻһƷͨʥƬӲȴﵽ˲ĳ̶ȡ
֪ƷͨʥƬڽͨʥսУܽͨʥսµķߵεȳ̶ȣ
оƷͨʥƬĲˣҶȡ˰ͨʥȼս£Ͷ뵽ʥУʥʥƬڰͨʥؿڴ
ܿ죬ȥʮ졣
ԼӣҶ뿪ǬһǰƸ
ǰ֪Ϣ̽ΣҶ˵ӵԼİ׷ʵ
㹺Ϣнˣ׷˵
ǰ֪ҪҵʲôطҶʵ
ҪҵԼ룬ڰսУ׼μӰս򼴽еİս䡣׷ǰսİսǣӦÿҵǡ
̽ĵڶϢҲսйأ׷˵ƸϢսһĽһ浤
ǰսĹģΣõһѶж󣡡Ҷ˼һʵ
սÿһΣսߵȼĻ䣬սŵӲμӣսðսһģ;ǵ
һ죬һ񣡡
񣡡Ҷ絹һǰս䲻ƾ𣿡
սֻ䣬ƾ磬ֻҪǧµʿʸμӰս䣡׷˵ͷһǸˣ塣
磡˶μӰս䣡ҶһоԼѹȺۣðսһļ̫ãˡ
ȻͻƵǵ磬֮ʵأ˴ΰս仹ŲμӵĻûжٶϣ
ôҪһ£ҶҧһݣԾ
ǰʱ޷뿪֪ǰɷæŪμӰսҶʵ
򵥣׷Ƹôһʳ͵ķϣʸƸ͸㡣
˵ţ׷óƣҶ硣
лǰҶĴϲӹհ׵Ƶ
ս仹ʱ䣬ܲܵõ浤Ϳıˣ׷˵
һ׼ʱμӣ
˵꣬ҶûƸôת뿪ˡ
뿪ƸҶûй䣬ص˿ջǬץסµʱ䣬ʵӦİս䡣
Ǭʱʮ꣬Ǭռоʮ꣬㹻߾ˡ
ոͻƵǵ磬ҪʱڳǵѶȲСתر仯ս徳ɣ
ҶǬг˼һ£ðͨʥľŻľ˳׼ֵߣĴʥľս徳
ҶǬŻľȫս徳ʱǳⲼ޵ȴҶ
ҪɱҶ磬ħħҹ棬Ļӣв̰ͼرս֡
ҵȣȴһʱ䣬ȴûеȵҶ磬ħҹ棬ӽͷ
ģҾͲ㲻
ǳϽ䶷ӵֻڰĵصȴ
һ꣬Ǭʮꡣ
ʮУƵͻƵǵ۾磬Ѫǹ磬۾ͻƶħҲһ֮ң
Ҷȫ˾ŻľŻľǿѨеս飬սһؾ磬ֱʮڽǿȴﵽƷʥ
ھѪ忰ޣսǵˡ
ƷͨʥƬͨʥսҲʥʮȫںһ
ںƷͨʥƬͨʥսµķǿƷͨʥսˣҶϣ㹻ǵֵĹ
һʱ䣬Ҷûв͸ռľ֦ǽӲȹŮﻻ˳ŽѪ
ˣ
ȹŮӺķѪʱ䶼޷ӣںҶ缷ĺ֮ѪͻȻҶȡϵȫΪ
ô׾ˣ
뵽ȹŮӵĻҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ϸϸʱȻ֪Ϊʲôˡ
Ѫ飬̺ųԽѪѪѪ߸޷顣
ҶӵгԽѪĺ֮Ѫ顣
Ѫ飬ڣ
ҶһѪѨʥѪ飬塣
ںѪʱľ类ѪӲһ磬ټϺѪʥرҶ㲻ʩչҲܷǵ۷ʵ
ڵսӦܶԿħҹ˰ɣ
սǣҶûٵʱ䣬뿪Ǭһǳȥ׼ɱԼĵˣսǰս


1646 ˭ɱңվ
ǳžһƬ
ɳǳǣҶ΢΢̣¶һĨЦ⣬ûмٶȣǳȥ
ûɶãǰľͻȻʧˣһĴס
һ̣ħĸֳڴУס
Сӣֵܶ˵ܾˣڿϳˡ
ôðɣҳȫǣ
סԼħҶ¶һ˿ЦݣһʮѼƷʥ壬£˽깥˶ˡ
ݣ
һ̶ƿڽƴ
Ǭ󹥻£ħĹ˺ƣǵķ񶹸һ㣬޷ֹǬĹ
գ֮䣬һ޵нǬ֮ǵ壬ɸӣ
ǬɱˣҶһ̤Ǭںһ𣬻һ޵֮һסĽƣ档
ҪزصˣҾ˭ɱңվҶɢս⣬
Сӣҷĺִ֣£ţһס㣬һ֪ҵֶΣ
ۣӴʮֳˣҶܵĿռ䡣
ֻǼ𣿡ҶؿŻӵˣ˵Щɱ
ģǣ
һɫһֳһ׵ͭ꣬Ʋ񷣬Ҷ硣
ΣҶЦ˵
˵ţһ׹ӳҶ壬һӿգɱ飬һնͭ꣬һϮ룬նɱ
ţ켶꣡
üͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽Ҷ磬Ȼ켶ꡣ
ҵЩСˣͨ챾Ҳûã޷ıյĽ֣
˵ţгһشǧﵽͨʥȼķ컭ꪣͷһͨʥȼս

ӱһȫĵ˲£ȼǿѪֳַ컭ꪣսҶ緢˱ɱһ
ߣͨʥ͸ôģ
ҶЦһǬ£ٵۣµǬ󣬵ֵӵ˫ع
䣡죡
ն컭ꪣٿ޵սȫһ˫˫նâǬϣ˿µ
ʲôûƣ
ӶԼĹţ˫عնǬʱȴûкǬ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ǬǬһ
ӳԾ֮ʣҶ켶ڽǬУƽںһ𣬻һնѵأſµ޵о޽һնƲ񷣬һնޣնȫͨʥնɫĻӡ
ȻܿǬһǱһͷŵĿ½塣
ôܣʵôôǿ
޷ţҶսȻԼҪ¡
ûоԵİգһͶҶ¶ħЦݣЯǬ˻ӡ
ʥ
Σʱ̣óһͨѪɫ̺ǿѪ֮ĹʵѸ̵˶С
һ̣ʥڻˣγ˰˲ڽ壬ƶʵڽ硣
磬Ҳᣡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦѪʥȼգ˲ﵽǵ۷壬ںѪ飬Ӳʵǵ۷塣
ǵСϵʲôܣ
Ҷ˲ľ磬вһ˿
ʱҶһ˲Խǧףųһʮڽ˻ӡ
һȭԵĸоǰĿˣµȭâϢѹȸУһȭؿڡ
оҶһȭĿ£ӱܵҪ㣬˲䣬һʮǬ֮ٵػγĽ壬޷㡣
ڻԵʵӲҶһȭ֮ʱĽâڽ³˺ķ塣
սƣ
岻ϱˣսȫعŽ
Ҳǿĵ⣬ٵ趯ŷ컭ꪣ͵ĹӲ˺˽
Ʈ
ǿ˲䣬Ҷ켶齣ںһ𣬳նһ
һնݻһ޵еĴ˺صգһն˻ӵķһնɻ˽С
ϣһؽۡ
ʵ㹻ǿƷս£һԽ롣
ģʲôһ֣ɱ
⵽شӵˣʮܴ󺰵
߹Ҳң
ҶЦһʩչͨ˲ѳֳʥʮܣ¾
ܿ죬ҵдһҵ
ھֳʥ£ʮֵܸסɨҶɱɥȪ
ݣ
ȫʧأӲҾôȼǿѪʩչͨ룬Ҫ˴
ϵ磬𣡡
ܵ˲䣬ҶӳһƣһƲϵһݺݵغϣֱ˺ش
ҶҪɱʱͻȻһɫƿҵճ֣һߣסҶ塣


1647 ɱ¾
Сӣȥɣ
Ҷ类أһߵĻӱһע˴Ѫ֮߹Ҷ硣
䣡
컭ꪺսݺݵնҶϡ
üޱȵնŤȴδ˺Ҷֺ
㣬ң
иֳƷͨʥȼսµҶ磬ɭȻ˵
һ̣켶ޱߵĽ⣬ߵնصĻӣһ壬꣬ɱ
ǿƻɱӣҶб춯صϵر壬Ҫİϡ
СѲҪνˣƶɵģʵѲ
ʱͼռľ֦ٸϢĸֳˡ
СѿϽռľ֦͸ңҲãԸһʬ
ߣͨʥѣ
Ҷһиֳһ޴ɫӰڻľ£ҶİѿѺۣסҶ塣
ɫľʲôٸɴ˫ۣû뵽Ҷ绹ֵƣæһ֣ɱǹϷϵı
˵ţٸʹ͵ĹҶ磬ҪҶ类Ļᣬɱ
ٸΪħΪħʵνǿǰǿ
ҶϵĽսµķӵĿ£׷סǵĿը
ľƣ
ʱľһΡľҶУӲͨʥȼİŶˡ
һ񣡡
飬Ĵ켶ͼֳҶ壬ݵ£ֳ־齣նյǿһС
һɫâ˺ѿռ䣬ǿеĹâ·նѿһ룬նٸˡ
һʱ䣬ǿһƬؼ·ֻʣҵ񽣡
ã
оҶһĿ£ٸɫ䣬ӲӾܡ
һĹٶ̫죬գ֮նˡ
أ
ħĴ˲䱻µĽâն壬ٸȻħʵΣǲԼͬ⵽ش
ӣ
ҶսǲҾôѸ
ϵ磬𣡡
ҶѸӡһƣµϵ绯֮ݺݵնٸˡ
ȻٸԤеΣգܿϵһħͬȴδ⣬ϵУ弸١
ʱ켶껯ɳնҷſµĵ⣬һ룬ɱ
ͬȫҶնɱٸû꣬ʮֺԼϣǰҶע⣬Լǰ֮У԰Ρ
棬ֵˣ
ҶٵȶŽᣬԼٶ׷ٸٻǬˮĹƣȫѹơ
ħֵ
ٸ֪Ѿûãϵٻһ߾߷ǿħֵҶĹ
κǬ󾭹ϵƷͨʥǬ͵Ĺ£һ߾ħϱǬ飬޷ΣҶ硣
ǬǬһ
ٸȫѹʱҶǬںһ𣬻һ޵е񽣣һٸ䣬ݺݵ˵ϣҳһӡ
ˣ
Ҷ粻һ˿ϢĻᣬЯǬϮ£Ҫһɱ
ɱң±Ӱɣ
˵ٸ¶һ˿֮ɫѸóһȭͷСŻľʯˣҪըҶ硣
Աʯը˲䣬ٸؽĶУ趴ķֵԱʯıը
ߣԱ֮Ҳң
Ҷһһ壬սҶɵֵס˱ըʯԱ
ľƣ
Ҷٻľҡҷɫ͵Ĺٸ
ڻľҡҷɫڵ͹£ٸϵѣձľһ󶴡
ಣ
Ҷһ뵽ʱУһʮڽƱҪ򱬻ɱ
ȣȵȣֻҪϷңԸ⳼㣡
ֵסҶ͵ĹԽԽصٸòģҶԷŹ
ȻʵѪûҪǿ֣ʵһĵѾ벻Ҷ編ۣҶὫһ˷ϡ
ң㲻䣡
Ҷ粻Ϊ͵Ĺ

һҵ
ٸĸ첲켶նѪȪһ罦ɵ˻Х
ɣ
Ҷһ켶ڶιһնٸԴ꣬նɱ


1648 ħҹ
ǸҲСľϲ
Ҷ罫ٸĶսǬǳʱһ
ɫۣҹΪһ壬ֱ˴˵ħҹ棬ֳһһɳĺ棬һƮĺ߳
̲סҪˣ
Ժεȵ죬ͲħҹĴڣҶҲһֱٳûг֣Լʵš
ʱˣ
ħҹ˵ͷ˵ħʵޱǿ׳б
ðɣ£ǷԵǰǿ󣡡
ȻħҹʵֲܿҶ羭սҲʮԣУȴû¶һ˿⣬Ե
ǾͿܱܲƳҵĵƣ
˵ţħҹֳֺ棬ſռƣնһΡɽնҶ硣
䣡
齣ײһ𣬶ʱ˾޴ľ
ȻħҹеĺǰͨʥԶʤ齣Ҷȴȫѹħҹ棬ӲһҶ粻û·磬µĺ档
Ҫңƾɲ
ħҹû¶һ˿ɫȫļ⼫ٵֳֺͣ͵ĹҶ磬ȫѹҶ硣
⵽ħҹ泱ˮĹҶûһʮڽȫӭħҹǳ⼤ҵɱ
ڶ˼սɵĶ̫󣬾ǳвʵ׵ʿǷ׷Զս
˵ʲôȻħҹ漤ս·磡
ûϴ˾߿ռľ֦ǸСӣôֻħҹɱأ
ˣѾкü˽ɱСӣȫɱˣ
һɱҶ磬ȴȻʵסڰĹ˳ͳ˵
ʲôСӵսôֲ
ڿֲҲûãħҹɲܶԸģ˵ħҹɱһܣʵԱȼ񼶸֣
˶ħҹʮϤĿ£Ҷ硣
Ҷ籬֮ħҹ漤սʱҲ̵Ŀֲӵ£żѵħҹƽɫ
СϷԽˣɣ
ħҹͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣſͣһŰɫĻ棬ߺҶ磬˲Ϣ֮佫Ҷˡ
ʥ𣡡
оԼƷʥȼƤɫյۣҶüͷһƣµŻ漫пǴ˵еʥ
ʥ𣬸ҷ
ħҹʥһھѪʥҶ壬Ҫճɻҽ
ľɣ
ڴʥ͸Ҷȫëףʱڵ˵Ļľɫ룬鲼Ҷȫʥ𣬱Լ塣
һ̣켶Ҷ£ӳĻ꺣ڰлһƥİâ֮һնħҹ档
š
ħҹüͷ΢΢һ壬߸߾棬켶ıɱһ
ʥ𣬼գ
ħҹʥĿ£ΪշʥһǵҶԵ
ʥҶʱҶ粻ûһ˿ʹ಻ֹļ󣬷Լʥڼٵʧϲ֮ɫŨˡ
ʲô
ħҹһ˿쳣оҶŴܣæջʥ
Ǭ󣡡
ħҹջʥ˲䣬һʮʥӳҶ壬ͷһ޵е񽣣նһնˡ
ţҶ켶ڽǬУǬݽݻŸ̬Ĺȫħҹ档
˼û뵽ϵܻ٣
⵽ƷͨʥǬ󹥻ħҹûٵݵ⣬ٵ趯棬֯һµĲӰǬԹ
Ʈ
Ҷ翴ǬȻ޷ѹħҹ棬Уֳ־齣նһݻشĽâ˺ſռ䣬һնħҹ档
䣡
Ʈݺݵնħҹ浲ǰĺϣ˲䱬ĵ֮ϵسħҹʮס
ʲôħҹ澹ȻСˣ
찡Сӵսô˵Ŀֲ̫ˣ
Ŀħҹ汻Ҷ˵һĻڳ¶ŨŨ֮ɫҶ羪˵ս
ǸҲСľϲֵҶȫɱ㣡
ħҹ¶һ˿֮ɫǿ׳渡ֳһɫս£ȫ
Ҫóһռľ֦ĺҲֳģѹ˷
غѹ
ħҹ汩һ˺Ϣѹ֮ѹҶ硣
ھغѹҶ磬ж˲䣬ħҹгһƷͨʥȼӡһǿĺڽһ˺գǬ󣬴ſµħҶ磬Ҫһɱ


1649 ħҹĿ
ľ֣
Σʱ̣Ҷٻ˻ľǰأľֵħҹ淢˫ع
䣡
غѹ˻ľϣħҹֳַħڽҲͬһʱն˻ľϡ
ͬʱ⵽ľضֵסħҹɱС
ţʲôľ
գɢɫĻľħҹ۾ɵùԲ¶֮ɫ
һָоҶٻĻľĿռľ֦Ҫܵõ˵ԽѵһͻƵħ֮
ħֹȻô׶Ը
Ҷ缸ֶȫȻ޷ħҹ棬еᵽϵĲ࣬ԼħҹĿ¡
Сӣɱ㣬ջܶ벻ı
ħҹ¶һ˿ײеЦݣƾغֳַħ͵ĹҶ磬ƱҪɱ
һ񣡡
ħҹʵֲ̫ҶΪֹǿˣҲ׾Ĵ켶ͼݵ£յǿһС
һնռĹâ˲䱻ɣµĽâɱ飬նħҹ档
ħ⣡
оҶһĿ£ħҹѸٽ⿪˷ħеķӡһǿħڷħбһħ˺ƿռĽӰӭҶʩչһ
¡¡
󹥻ײһٴ˿ռľ
һϸ΢ĿռѺɿ¹Գ䲻ϵӣռ·ʱҪһ㡣
ʲô
Ҷû뵽ħҹеķħǵƷͨʥлӡһǿħֶκ͵̸е˳Ծ
ħҹһõ˴ĴУȻϵıô࣡
Ҫ֪Ʒͨʥ򣬾֮ĴڣȰҲƷͨʥ
ħҹһ˾ͨʥϻǿİͨʥս£ȵ̫ˡ
ħն
ħӡֵ֮סһħҹ˫ֽշħնһµĽâն˼ҶԳ󹥻޾նҶ硣
ľƣ
оħҹնĽâȫԼҶƻľӭȥǿƵ˷ħն
ҵҪֵܵҶٴι
ħҹĿȵؿƵĻľЯħҶ磬ȫѹĹ
Ǭ󣡡
ħҹϮҶǬӭֵħҹĹ
ħҹ⿪˷ħֲĳ̶ȣҶ罫켶ڽǬУһʱ䶼ֵס͵Ĺһħ֮Ƶýڽڰˡ
Ǭһ
ƱѹƣҶһʮѼƷʥںһնħҹ档
غƣ
ħҹһغٷصײǬ޽ϣӲҶնɱС
Ŀǰʵɱˣ
ħҹʵֲ̫ҶоԼʤĿܣټϺѪЧʼ½Ҷ⣬ҪѸ뿪
غѹأ
ϤҶͼħҹغھѪƾغϵر󣬱ɽСѹһأҶͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
ľأ
⵽غҶƻľϵ仯һɸߵľأ˺žغͷŵľѹ
ն
ľƾغʱħҹƽҶ磬ֳַħնҶ磬Ҷֻȫ
СӴȥˣ
ǰСȻ죬ħҹ֮ľ̫󣬸޷ֲ
ŽڽڰˣħҹȫѹסҶ磬¶ֻı飬ҲвͬҶ硣
ħҹʵֲ̫ԶΧ۵ָҳ־ԮֻҶ类ħҹһ棬ҳһӡ
ϵ磬ƣ
ħҹֳַħ֯žɱնʱϵ縡ֳҶģһӡһϵƲ񷣬ħҹ档
ħҹֳַħնһΡĽɽƵֲϵʱҶú֮ѪЧδʧǰֽӡϵ磬ħҹ档
ϵȻǰͨʥɱĹһƷͨʥϵ繥£ħҹĹƱסˡ
Ҷһ֮ѪЧʧԼֻӽǬжһ·
û뵽ϵıﻹ٣͸ҵħҹ۾еɱŨϵؼǱֳַħնϵĹƱҪҶɱһС
һ񣡡
վҶûִУϧȼǿѪĴݵ£켶ǿʩչһǿٿħҹĹҪͻΧ
ħ֮ƣ
û㣬ŷħзħ֮ǿӲҶʩչһ񣬲Ҷһ˿ܵĻᡣ
ۿҶ粻֧ҪջػľǬУͻȻһģӰֳ֣һ޵֮֯ű̫ҪĿĽ⣬ħҹ档


1650 ǿƻɱ
أ
ոջ޵սʤħҹ棬ͻȻֵһն˳ȥѪ˳ŷħ˳
û°ɣ
һնħҹ棬ģӰӽ¶һӢס
Ҷ
ڹؼʱԼӣҶ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽Σʱ̣ƼˮҶԼ
лû£Ҷһм˵
úˣǵ̰֮˾ͽԸ
˵ţҶֳһ糤Ĺ⽣֯ɽ⣬ħҹ档

ħҹû뵽ؼʱҶ־Ҷ磬Ȼŭֳħӭȥ
أ
ȼߵʥײһ𣬱ʱա
ȻҶľħҹһӲһҶû·磬ѹסħҹĹ
Ʒͨʥ
ħҹɴ˫ۣҶеĹ⽣۾ð֮ɫ
Ʒͨʥֵ֣ǲ
û뵽磬ܿϧ㲻Ӧңħҹ¶һ˿ײеЦݣ¶ٶõյơ
Ԫ飬ʵ
ħҹһںһƷͨʥȼӣ˲Խһ磬ﵽ˱ȼƷħˮ׼
ߣһƷħ񾳾ɱңδ̫ˣ
ҶЦһö˵ƣһǿ
գ֮䣬Ҷʵڽ˲Խǵޣͬﵽ˵ˮ׼
Խ񾳣ҶڵʵȻǣͣһǵ۷壬ħҹʵҪֲ
⣬ʲôƣ
ħҹû뵽ҶյĵƱԼҪ죬еһβһ˿
ܵʮУһ
Ҷ裬ӢˣХη޵н⣬ħҹ档
ѹأ
ҶϮħҹƷͨʥȼĺѹһأѹҶҪӻٶȣĹ
ƣ
Ҷͫһһâֱմңһն˾غϣֱӽĺն˳ȥ
һնɺµĳ콣âˮкһɫħҹ棬ֳַħȫ
ħҹǿʵӲҶնĽâʱ۾һһĽâͻȻûʱ俼ǣûʱ㣬ֳַֻħȫ
䣡
ҶĵڶնħҹؿڵķħϣµĽ͸ħϵع壬ķĽڽڰˡ
Ԫն
ħҹһ˿ϢĻᣬҶ˵Уռһ·İ¹նƿ˿ռѺۣҷſµĿռ֮ԳԽٵٶȣնħҹ棬Ӱն˵档
ÿµʵǸ˭ħҹ澹ȻĶ֣
Ǹռľ֦Ǹˣû뵽ͣȻսûв´Ӧ磡
϶磬Ҳֻܵȿ׵ţ
ĿҶնħҹһĻΧ۵˱ҶʵסҶҲʵ̾Ϊֹ
Ϊҿ˵Ϥأ
ŴҶҶĲһ˿һĪĸо·ԼӦʶҶ
У
ҶһһֳƷͨ񽣣ħҹ淢
һն£Ҷʧգʧ˲䣬ž³һΡ޵нɽ˺գŻ֮նŷɳضħҹ档
䣡
޿ɱܵħҹӲҶĽɽһαҶնɣص׹䵽ϡ
Ѫ˳ŰͨʥսѺ˳ȾһѪˡ
ȼգ
ˣħҹ沢δҧأȼ֮ԴˣǿȶסƣʩչյǿɱУҶ
ҶʵǿټƷͨʥ̫֮ˣʩչĴɱи޷Ťת棬ҶһµĽâٴնϣİͨʥսؿڴһѪۡ
ҹ棬㲻ֵܵʮˣҶƼأսħҹðɣһ»Ȫɡ
Ƽ
Ҷٴʧ
һ̣ҵͻȻѿһĺ蹵
һ޵еĽâڿռ蹵¶·شݻ٣˲û˾ִУȫħҹ档
䣡
޼ն˲䣬ԲĵݣµһУǳһ׵ľ޿ӡ
ʵһħħҹ棬ͻҷɥһ¡
ֲһֲ̫ˣҶʲôȻ˿ֲĽ
ʶҶƻҶ类סҪ˵ħҹ棬оħһܵסһ
ľ̫ÿռľ֦ԸЩҹһ͸£Ϊɣ
ǿƻɱħҹ棬Ҷûҹһ͸Ҷ硣
л´Ҷһ𣡡
ҶûҶѹס˷˹ħҹµȫˡ
ҶֿˣǺڣ
˵꣬Ҷ΢΢һһ콣âʧڻҵС


1651 ħ֮Ľ
ǿյӰ沨
뿪ǳǣҶûٵʱ䣬ԦսǿмٷУʻңԶİս׼ȥսǲμÿһεİս䡣
ȻĿǰʵҪðսһ죬Ǿһ£οҲʶ£ŵʵεĿֲ
֪ħҹ棬Ǽ˸ʲô
ҶѪüʻսսȥصǬУ鿴ħҹ˵
ʥǺö
Ҷٻľħҹշʥȫɣֿƻľںʥ
ʥƷʶܸߣںϺȫɱʥ𣬵ʱʥʩչʥرЧԡ
ľʥҶ罫ħҹĵƣǿſɴʵĻԪ˳ϸϸоһ£Ѫ
Ҷӵк֮Ѫʮɾ˻Ԫ飬ԺиֳԪϢ
Ʒͨʥħҹ浽׵õ˺εȻԵϵͨʥȻô࣡
֪ԪĵȼҶϲԪڽλڶѨУȡ顣
ħѽʲôܣ
Ʊ֮ѨеĻԪʱҶ罫ħҹħ˳ŶѪ
֮ѪǺˣΪӵк֮Ѫ
ͻȻһڷħ̰˵
˭Ҷһ¶һ˿֮ɫħзӡ֮꾹Ȼϳ˺֮Ѫ
ߣħǿٵصħ飬Ȼ֪֮Ѫħеħ°˵㣬һС࣬Ȼӵк֮Ѫ⡣
ٵصħ飡ҶħĹôô˷ӡһƷͨʥС
㶮ʲôƷͨʥܷӡңħĵ˵
ôѽƷͨʥҶüͷһƣ¶֮ɫ
Ȼѽɣǻʵֻûп̻ƣѽֻܷƷͨʥħѭѭյ˵
Ҫп̻ƣҶʵ
ΪʲôҪ㣿ħ˵
ħ飬Ӧûħҹ˵ôܰɣ֮Ժ˵ô࣬Ϊ֮ѪҶ˵
֮ѪһѪӵдѪ֮˾򵥡ħ
Уܰﵽ㣡Ҷӻ
ʹ˵ɣħСӣһʽΣҰ̻ƣսʤ֣ħñħؼա
ǲǰһħħҶһ
ħ
ħħΣҶ¶ŵЦݵ
СȰòҪŪħħ֪ʲôڣ˼ҷŸƨܱ㣡ħ˵
֪ҲħĶ֣֪һطѹһħ棬ǰҸոħĲл꣬ʱǳﻮһӦÿʴħ꣬ʬ꣡ҶϸĽǺѹħ֮ոħ顣
ħ棡ħĶˡ
ܽħлᱨӡ֮
Сģħ֮Ǿͺħ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷʮʹԡ
ڣɷ񽫿̻Ƶķ˰ɣ
ˣСӻĵķϣҾ͸ܰɣħ黺˵̻ƵĹؼҵһֻǸп̻ơ
ʲôҶüͷһƣæʵ
ٵĻʯħֻҪҵʯҾܰħп̻ơ
ܴҵʯҶüͷ΢΢һ
ͿĻԵͱˡħֻ̻ƣѰһʯֻܿԼ
ħ飬ûп̻ǰѷħӺε
齣Ȼǿ󣬵ҪڰսȡúóɼƷʥȼľ齣Բ㣬Ҫ̷ħ
ûƣҲӲѽֻѽﵽƷͨʥħ
Ʒͨʥ㹻ˣ
Ҷ¶һ˿ϲɫӵѷħս˽ٱټѪ飬ԪȫĻɱһǵ
ħ˽ףҶħҹ˵˵õƷͨʥغ⣬õ˰ͨʥսͨʥս£棬컭Լٸ
Ҷ罫ͨʥս˺ۣħɣ׼ͨʥս޸֮Ƶ
һ֮ͨ⣬Ҷ绹õ˲پ֮
ħҹϣǲźܶõΪ֮ۺĵҩ
ƷͨʥһţƷͨʥ˿ţͨʥʮţʥʮ˿š
Щֵɹĵҩ£Ҷ绹õ˲ѵһʥ
һʥ켶ѪɺһͨѪ֥һʥݣ
ֻҪҶ㹻ʱ䣬ħҹϵõĵҩʥ㹻ͻƵǵ磬ս徳졣
ţʲô
ͻȻҶħҹзһ۵ľᣬ͸ʱ־ķӡǿԣ˲ٹ򣬲ƽ˾еĽơ
ռؽ
Ҷһᣬ֪ΪħҹԸƷͨʥռľ֦ˡ
ռؽһԿռ֮ΪķͨԿռ֮ԽʩչһеķԽǿܽռ֮ľؾ磬ʩչһУɵ֮
ҹ棬ллˣ
ս仹һʱ䣬ҾǬǱʮ꣬ܽЩʥʥһɣ
ҶָƵۣѪôʥָ˻޵ʥ޲ٵ
ҶϥʮʱٿռУ򵥵Ϣ֮󣬽Ƶİͨʥս£ԼļƷӵʥУһ߷Ŀʥ޸ս£һ߿Բ͸ռľ֦һ߷һſõۺĵҩȫǵ֮


1652 ż
ʱţǬؿռеʱ伫
ˣսˣ
ҶĲ͸ռľ֦ռؽʱеĴѶѪõڴѶ
Ǭʮ꣬Ҷ˴ʥӲʵǵ۷壬ͻǵһ֮ң
Ǳޣ˿ռر仯ռԪԽǿĿռ֮ɴԪնſռؽ
ҪǣҶڳʥ˰ʥݣ켶һ
ȻҶûͻƾ磬ʵȴٱǣħҹ棬ȫܣҪնɱħ֣ǰʵԶԶ㡣
ƵѪãۣʥ˴ĵҩʵҲ
ǵ۷徳ƵõҶһİͨʥս£ԼμӰսԱ
ֱȥսǣ
սǻ仹һʱ䣬Ҷûеʱ䣬ѪüԦսֱǰ˰սİսǡ
ǰսǵ;УҶһ˲ٸ֣սͬĿģǾǲμÿһεİս䡣
ս԰սе߹ģĻ䣬û֪ΪλսȹģĻ䣬ÿĽǰķ񣬻嶥ðž޴ķղμӡ
ųһ壬ʵԶʤ壬ÿսĵһǰ
໣
սԼٶսǷȥʱһײеĺɵǿ
һɳȫСƬһɺǣ·ܶصĺǿŤӴͷĲԼٶҶڵս
Ҷ٣һǷǿ¶㲻ˣ
ԦսѪÿźɫ䣬Ҷ硣

ҶһѸ뿪Ǭ棬ԶԶ˻âٿĺ
Ҷ绹ǵһμɢҶ粻ɵøпĿ¡
ҵʵģ
Ȼǰ£ҶȴȻ壬սǰˣ˫ֿٵŤǿĿռ֮ӿ
ռؽ
ۿڵĺײϣʩչ˸ոĿռؽ˲ǰγ˰ٵƣĹ
ҲµĴڣǰһмޣʵǲ
ҶʩչĿռؽǿӲһռؽδȥȫֵס˺һ
ռؽķȻûʧ
ܺռؽŽƵ˶֮һƣҶ¶Цݡ

⵽Ҷµ޺ŭѿηѪڣ˾춯صҶ硣
ǣ
Ŀռ飬ΪδƵҶʩչĿռؽ
켶꣬ն
ʱҶ꺣һ⣬켶Ӷݻشһն˺Ӵϣͨʥһֱӷ˴ƬۣںӴһѪۡ
һ̣Ҷȼǿĺ֮Ѫ˲䳬ԽһʮڽҶһ̤仯˺ɾˣֿȭŭĺǿвɱ
ֲҶ羭֮ѪǿȲԶԶسԽ
Ҷ籬ǿսµһδν˳ȥȫƬѪȪһ㣬ںӴʳ
Ҷǿ̬شʱһٶȼսˡ
ţսзɳӰΧס˺ۣŭĺ
Ҷ磡
ŷɳսӰҶһ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽սս幫սʫʫ
ʫʫô
Ҷ籬ȫһȭ˺۵ĺ˳ȥսʫʫ
׷ģ
սʫʫָűҶشĺ
ôǵҶʵ
ţڰս뽫׽סҵԼޣҲμӰս䣬û뵽ʵǿӰһʱⱻˣսʫʫ˵ͷ
ðɣȻȷֵģҾͽ͸ǰɣ
ҶսʫʫкøУսټϺȼѾ벻ۣʮʹĽ͸սʫʫ
ллҶ磡
սʫʫ¶˵Цݣϲ̵˵
˵֮ʣԽǵӰսʩչ춯صĴɱУһش˺һסӴ޷ѡ
ʫʫ֮ʣʩԼӰս
ã
սʫʫ˵ͷʩչսطʩսԼɹշм޺


1653 ս
̫ˣһԼˣ
ɹշ޺սʫʫ˷ܵغСӣϲ̵˵
ǵ£ӰսҶ磬ھȵı飺Ҷӣشģ
ȻأҶ¶ŵЦݵ
ҶӵٶȺս˾ȣҶӴ˴սҲΪμӰսɣӰսסĵ𾪵
ţȷʵΪսҶ˵ͷ
Ҷչ¶սڰսһȡúΣӰսƾ͸ӣͻƵǵ֮
л
Ҷƾ֪սеĵҩºڶʱͻƾ磬ƾƼֻзµһʱЧٷãá
߰ɣȥսǣ
ս俪ʼڼӰսûеʱ䣬սʫʫӴ޺սУǼԦսսİսǷȥ
սսӰСսʱûκε鷳ʱɳۣ˰ս⡣
սǾȻһ½
ԶԶؿŰսǣҶ类סû뵽սһ½֪
ˣ
Ҷ˵սڰսʱҶĸ֪ͻȻǿղһ£һɳĵâճ˾ƻǿս˰ս⡣
ÿµĵ⣬ӰǰǺˣ
Я쵶⽵ڰսǣĿ࣬ɫۣ糤裬ѱоӣҶ紫ʵ
кڿ񵶣Ǻħ峤СĶӣ츳ߣǧ꣬ͻƵħ磬Ǻħһϣ̤һħ񾳽ľ֮šӰսУ׷ʫʫ峤ܾˣӶϴκħǿʫʫ¼
ʫʫû뵽㣡
ǿƳڰսĺڿ񵶣ͻȻ˲Զսʫʫ¶һĨЦݣһص˹
߰Ӱ̣ǽǣ
սʫʫؿһۺڿ񵶣Ӱսĸ첲Ҫǡ
ʫʫôҲʶˣңҿǺĵģڿӵսʫʫǰĵ
ڿ񵶣Ҿ㣬Ҹ׾ڰսǣپңŲҸն㣡
źڿ񵶳񲻶Լɨӣ·ҪԼ·Լսʫʫеڣŭľ
նңڿЦһûô㣬ս峤Ҫնңսδе̫˰ɡ
㣡
սʫʫСͨ죬ڿ񵶵ʵֲ̫սʫʫκβֻ
ţ
˵֮ʣڿ񵶵ͻȻ˱սʫʫҪƯֵƵ۾ʱ
λǣ
ڿתĿ꣬Ƶ
ˣ
ҶᵲƵǰػӦ
ʲô˵ķݣڿɫһҹ
һµ쾪ףըҶ˫֮У꣬Ҫ顣
ڿһҶ޴ʯ̼ˣҶ꺣أӺڿͷŵХ
һ̣Ҷ꺣˸һĿİ׹⣬켶껯һ񽣣ص⣬ն˺ڿ񵶡
ʥƣ
ڿͫһص˿µĵһնؿն켶ϣֵס켶깥
켶꣬û뵽㻹һ
ڿԵʵֵס켶ĹĿ׺ݵضҶ磬ɱڵ
ʵҲûдǰҶʾ˵
ѾܾûˡڿеɱޱıðսǵһЩ֪ˡ
ˣڿ񵶣ﲻħ壬սѣս㲻Ӱսɫһؾ
Ѫս߱սҲսһӣ㻹ʸ񣡡ڿŰԵ˵ӵ˵
ǾĿʱɣӰսͳ˵µսйΪһŮս
ӰǰǽҰɣ
Ȼڿ񵶵ʵܿ£ҶĵȫԿҶҲ֪嶥ŵʵΡ
ݣ
սһʱһ̶Ľâա
һϮɫۣƮƮӢҶ̤ɽշ
һ̣µĽӳһâԳԽٵٶȣն˺ڿ񵶡
ͻҶڿɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳֶʥеֵ
ҶĹԶʤһնֱƵ˺ڿ񵶵Ĺֱӽն˳ȥײȶס壬һѪƱ˳ڵϡ
սδǰҲɱˣҶĿɫĺڿ񵶵ڣԹˡ
ã
ڿȻŭȴûбŭͷԣɨһҶ磬Ҷˣǵûٳ֣ҧأסĵŭת뿪ˡ


1654 䶷
л
һδҶоҶʵǿˣҶоͻǵһ֮ңһͻƵǵʵӵĿ¡
ҶֿˣҶ΢΢һЦ߰ɣǽǡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷҶս˳һɣµĹ·սȥ
Ҷ֣һ£Ȼڼټ
߽սǣҶǱҶˣ뿪ˡ
Ҷ磬˭ʵô˵Ŀֲ
ĿҶһն˺ڿ񵶵һĻսʫʫ˱ʵסʮֺݡ
ǳǽʶһλѣҶ绺˵
ս俪ڼսǻ㼯嶥֣ʮֵĻңҶӸȥս帮ۡϢɣӰս
ӰսˣҺƵڰսǹ䣬Ͳλȥս帮ۡˣ
ʶҶڿ񵶵ʵҶеǬʮʱǵ磬ֻڶʱڽһͻƾ磬ȡúóɼϣ
Ǻðɣս帮ۡĵͼҶӣС£ǣӰսһö򽻸Ҷ磬սʫʫ뿪ˡ
߰ɣǹսǣȻҸطϢȴս俪ʼ
Ӱս뿪ҶƵιսĳǳأҪǷǡ
սʵ̫ˣҪڴ룬ҶҲûб̫ϣ
û߶Զһʮɸߣ޽ϹڣǶһ˶ʯŴ֮ı¥ӡ뵽
ߣȥǱ¥
սܲ򵥣ҶҪȫ׼๺һЩƷʥǬ
öĸ֣
߽Ҷ˷ֱ¥оۼźܶĸ֣Ѽĵħ֣ڱ洦ɼ
ս䲻սߵȼĻ䣬Ȼôǰμӣ
ҶΪƵİΣе˵ģȻ츳ľ̫ͣǿĵˣӵҲԱ
֪мƷʥԼڰս໥Ӧı𣿡Ҷ绺ߵһ׷ԲԵǰʵ
ҶӰսл֪սв͵һؿռ䣬б˴˼Ĳɱݲɱ˵յ
ҪٰѼƷʥ׷Щ˻Ƶʵ
ԽԽãҶƴֵ
ôĿƷʥÿѰƷ쾧򼸰ѣ׷
Ʒ쾧Ҷû뵽Ʒʥ˰üͷ΢΢һһƷͨʥнܻѡ
Ҷɱ˲ʵĴܣϼƷ쾧ֻٶţֻѼƷʥò뵽ﻻķʽ
ƷͨʥóҿƷʺõĻһʮѼƷʥ
ƷͨʥļֵߣûмѣҶԸƷͨʥн׷¶˲֮ɫ
ҶĻҲ˲ٱеĸֵע⣬΢΢˹Χۡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷóһƷͨʥ
⿪ƷͨʥķӡʱһŨŨҩ˳һ¾;ƮƮɡ
ƷͨʥƷʺܲʮѼƷʥ׷ϸһ£¶Цݵ
ʮѼƷʥҶʨӴ󿪿ڵ
Сթң׷¶һ˿ջ֮ɫ
ǰӦúƷͨʥļֵʮѼƷʥЩˣŰ׷ŭҶɫ䣬˵
ʮѼƷʥٶˣ׷˼һ£ҧ˵
ãɽҶ˵ͷ׷˽ףõʮѶΪҪļƷʥ
ǰһڰսڼ໥Ӧı֪𣿡Ҷʵ
ˣսǵϬˣ׷ҡҡͷ
ϬҪ𣿡
ͻȻһҶУһɫۣһͷĸݣʵﵽǹӣĿȵɨһ۱ӻҪֵƵ˵
Ҫʲô
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Ųĺӣͳ˵
ҵҪܼ򵥣һƷͨʥϬ壡ѿͣթҶ硣

Ҷ붼û룬ֱӾܾ
СӣҪս᳡εȵĴûϬ壬ڻڼˣӶĶѵڰս᳡⵽⣬һƷͨʥϬ岻ԿһԶҶģѭѭյ˵
óԶˣҶͫһâ
ֻǺ㣬ôƯĹڰս᳡̣ˣǲ̫ϧˣЦЦ˵ɣĲϧ罫øңᡣ
ҪƷͨʥҲԣҺȥ䶷̨ĶӮңƷͨʥ㣬ϬңҶû뵽ӵҴƵ⣬ŭ˵
ս伴ڼ䣬սϽ˽Υ߽ʸнⲻĳ𣬿ȥ䶷̨䶷
ȷҪսңϵЦݸŨˡ
Ҷֻжǵ磬Լǹ۷ܣҶսԼ졣
ֻҪشҲңҾжԶҹԶҪﰭۡҶ⼤ŭ
ãԸҴӦ㣡¶һ˿֮ɫƵСˣɱ͸Ұɣұ֤Ը뿪ҡ
˶ѣöŭȥ䶷̨㣬ϣ㲻Ҫŵò
ҶץƵС֣Ȱ˵䣬סĵŭ뿪˱¥䶷̨ȥ
Ҷ֮䶷Ҳ˲˵Ȥúܶ˷׷䶷̨¹ս


1655 Ųȱ
Ҳ֪ɵǼɵǵʵҲսңҿǻĲͷˣ
¶һ˿Цݣһ㿴Ҷ磬·ҶǰѾһûʬ塣
ҷķϻһĶ࣬ѵҪɱңҶ¶һ˿Цݣɫݵ˵
úúãϣһ᲻Ҫģ
˵ţбŨŨĹĻɫӳ䶷̨ĿռȾҵġ
ɷ弫Ʒʥڹĵλͣ
ţɷǹӲ⴫ͨʸͨģֻй峤һֱϵ֮ˣǹ峤Ķӻֶӣ
źʩչͨ۹֮ϳ˴ͨоҶˡ
ֻƵţҶ粻ܣҪ˵ǹ۷֣ﵽǹ֮ҶҲܴ
Сӣɣ
˵ţӱһйɷͻȻۣһµĹնѿؿնҶ硣
ߣƾ㣡
Ҷһǰһ£ʱǰĿռһ޴ĺ蹵źʩչĹɷ
ռر仯Ͽռ䣡
ҶǰĿռ䷢˶ѣ䶷̨µ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ռʱҲǿ򣬺
Ҷʩչռ򣬲˶ݲ²ӵ׷ߵɫвһ˿
Ԫն
Ͽռ䣬סӵĹҶٴʩչռ򣬷ѿͷĿռ䣬ѳһĴԪնݺݵն˺ӡ
ͷ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˲ٻ˰ͨʥͷȫӭȥӲԪնĹ
Ԫն£ԶԶ˰ͨʥӲԪնӷĹٴ飬ǱԪնӰն棬ݺݵ䶷̨ϣ˾޴졣
̫ˣ
ѪΪǱĺӣҶ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ɱ㣡
ӱȫŭˣѸȼǿѪ͵֮ٵʵŶͷĹȫնҶ硣
ƣ
صնҶû㣬һѨϵʮڽ͹ӿ뵽˫ȭУ˫ȭռ𶯣ϵؽһնԼĵնˡ
찡˵ʲôսô˵Ŀֲ
ĿҶȭصӰһĻΧ۵˱ʵס
Ѫ飬ڣ
Ҷս󣬲ѣӶĵƣںһŴﵽƷʥȼѪ飬Ѫ֮Ӳʵǹ硣
ʵˣû뵽ȵƣᱻת
һûжκεĵƣ˻ϵƾʤӦ壡
˵֮ʣǹĺӱһɷ£Ҷ緢͵ĹҪһɱ
켶꣬ƣ
ۿӷĹûҶ磬켶ӳҶ꺣һٿ˳ˮĹƵɱС
켶꣬찡ɽ꣬켶˵ʲôΪδδ
Ҳ磡
˼û뵽˴ΰս䣬ôȤ֮ˣ
䶷̨վһͦɣȲʵﵽµİӣҶٻ켶һĻʱ˫бâ¶һ˿ս⡣
ӶҶŨȤһĿ࣬Ƥɢ˫磬۾͸ɫһֻ̤һ۾ӣͬҶŨȤ
ǿƵӵĹҶ̤һֿ˴ʧɫĺӡ
һȭؿʱըˣµȭâױȵƻһȭ˺ӣܵ㵽˰С
ͻȻоͷһɿµѹҶԤгܵĿռ䣬ĳͷ̤˰Խš
һ̤ѹﰧԽֱ̤֮˺ӵ̤ϣֱӽ̤˰Уһͷ

źΣգ𱣻Σ׷߶ʱŭˣɿµϢǵ塣
ôƻսǵĹأ
ŭɶ׷ߣҶ¶˵Цݣǳ
㡭
Ȼǿ󣬵ȴưսǣҶ羯棬׷ԥˡ
λӣԣҹԸ޳͸һϬ壡׷ҧʣ˵
ô鷳ɱϵһжҵģ
Ҷ粻Ϊź̤˵ڶţżڽİԽһ̤˺ϣµ㽫̤顣
ѵҪҹΪУɲһǵѡ񣡡׷߿һߣʱˣ
ڵˣҴӲ飬־͹ǲӦң
˵ţҶ̤˵ţֱӲȱ˺ȫ֯ķݺݵزѪģϣֱӽȱˡ


1656 ɱ

ĿҶŲȱӵһĻ׷߶ʱˣһеĳѪ䶷̨ҪɱҶ磬Ϊӱ
ôҲ䶷̨սң
۾ȼŭŭڵ׷ߣҶ¶˵Цݣη
СӦս𣿡׷ɭȻ˵
ں֮ڣкβң
Ȼ׷ߴﵽǹ磬Ҷ̫ĵƣɱһǹɱ
úãɣ
׷Ҷ練ڣٻѼƷʥһһҹҶ磬Ҫɱ
ͨʥûУ湻ģ
Ҷ̾ϢһѼƷʥӳ壬ѸǰǬ׵ֵס˶˵Ĺ
ʲôһʮѼƷʥһﵽʲô̾Ȼ˵񣡡
ƷʥļֵߣһӵѾѾˣҶһٻһʮѣʱȫڳ˸е˲˼顣
Ǭ꣡
ֵס˵ĹҶںѪͻԪ飬Ӳʵǵ磬켶ڽǬУޱߵĽ꣬˰׷߶ˡ
֣
Ǭ̫ͣ˲ѹס׷߶ˣΪŤתƣһȫһкֻĹŹҶ硣
ߣ
ֻϮҶȫ˲ﵽ˼£֮뵽˫ȭ֮УȭϮĹ
໣
⵽Ҷ֮ȭâֻʹİͷ˵ѺۣӴǱ󷽷ȥ
ӡ
ţҶ˫ֿٵŤںһ𣬻öǳķӡݺݵغֻӴϣµƻֱӷ˹Ǵ顣
Ǭһ
ǿֻҶӿնƶǬ֮޽ٰĵ⣬ݺݵն׷ߡ

оǬ޽Ŀ£׷߲Ӳӣܵһܡ
ȻٶܿǬһеǬ֮ǽˣǳһ˿ʧء
ݣ
Ҷ½һһһ׷ߡ
ɣ
Ҷһƴϵ縡ģµ׾ݺݵ˰׷ߡ
֪֮۵Ŀֲ׷߲ϵشһƽз
ϵ˲ϮɱƷͨʥǹİ׷߸ֵס
ٻһƷ飬ϵϣֱӺ壬ĵ˵ϡ
磡
ͬΣգһ׷߷ıŭƴһйҶ磬ҪԼĴ硣
˭Ȳ
Ҷٶȸ죬˲Ϣ֮ڵѪУһϢ׷ߣһŲȱԴ꣬ɱ
ɱ㣡
Լ类ҶȱԴʣµ׷߷˱ϧ۵ȼ˵˺ȫѪҶ緢͵ĹҪɱҶ籨

ҶһǬ֮ٵػ˿µĽֱӽ׷棬ƻ塣
ɷ
⵽׷߽ɷתٶޣƴعӲĽ˺ѿһѺۡ
ûôף
ҶЦһһȭųʮڽ͵ȭâݺݵغ˲䱬˻˽С

Ǭ󹥻£׷ߵԽԽأǬ֮ϵظ壬Ͼ
أ׷ߵĹԽԽѾ˺Ǭˡ
СӣϷҲŹ㣡
ޣ׷߷һŭϧ֮ԴˣҶ緢һ
䣡
һɳֱʣըĽԼٶȺҶ硣
Ҷ練Ӧ죬Ѹ˵䶷̨Եǿס˰׷Ա˵һ
գ
ԱɢʱҶһ˺˵һ˫˫ηĿע£䶷̨׼Ƶ뿪
㵨ĲСҵɱ͹ϣѵ¹屨𣿡
ͻȻһ˵Ҷǰʵ˵
㣡Ҷһû뵽˵ĲȹŮӣڵˣҴӲ飬ʲôݡ
СĸһϮɫȹʸţɷŮʱҸط
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ뿪ӵ䶷һ£ںԣݵʢ涷ʻĲᡣ


1657 
ﻷսǺϤ
ΧҶͻȻоһƬ¶˵Цݡ
սв;ȲĺõطҸϲСŮʮϴ裬裬ΪҶƵɢλǰΡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷó˲豭Ʒζһڡ
ʱҶоȽе軯ƾ˳ԼĺԼУȫ泩ޱȡ
ò裬Ǻò裡Ҷ鲻Խ˵ڶڣ޲ڵ亱
ǰҲֻСУĵطɺȲŮ¶һ˿˵ЦݵλϲͶȵ㡣
ˣ֪մҶ˲豭֮飬ҽġ
ҽģһСǰ裬֪ʵҲ⻰ʲô˼
Ȳ裬ѵΪԼݣ壬˼ɣҪױҺƵ𣿡ҶЦЦ
˵ʵһʼȷʵĿģԱҵĶ飡ĵ˵ͷڸо˾Щ࣬¹ı
̫߿ˣƾǶˣɿⲻһ壡Ҷҡҡͷ
岻Ǵ壬ֻħС壬ԹֵսʵҪ㲻ףΪҶƵλҪСһˡ
˭
Ҷһǰ裬ʵ
ٵۣĻ˵ٷųƹѵһֵľ֮ţǧ꣬ǹ£˴һֻ̤뵽һǹ񾳽硣
ΪڰսȡúóɼһὫ֮ٵۣмСġ
лѣǻעģҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ģ˵ˣ
˵֮ʱһʵͻȻľһֻỬСƿţһ˵˽
㣬ˣĻվǽܣλҵĶˡСˡ
˲ҵȡѣҶ粻˵㣬á
˵ôԭǸ꣬Ǹˣ
һϮɫȹĽ͹£һ˫Բ˫ȹɢջ󣬾ȴʮģıӨ
ˣϻлһƬ
⡭
ʮֵҶϻʣ䣬Ըˡ
ҲҪĻ꣬һóȼ֮㽻Ө˵ҿλӵĹڰսǰͻƵһǵ硣
ģ
Ҷ۾һ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ƵμӰս䣬ҶΪģϾľͣ嶥źԱͻƵһǵͲһˡ
Ȼ˵ˣһһԽӻ
ãƵͰбˣ
ҶûģóһƬӡڱеĻ꣬͸˷ʮıӨƵʱ硣
ûϴݳǧ˰ɣӨ⿪˷ӡ۵ıһµ
Ȼñ£Ҷ̾һıӨ̾ѣ˱㣬˽ս𣿡
˽һЩӨ˵ͷ
㣬֪˴ΰս䣬жԽ񼶸ֲ
Ҷ֪Լľж٣ʵΡ
ˣ
Өϸָ
ˣҶüͷ΢΢һ֪ˡ
һоǻĻ죬ƣֱħħһĹź裬Ƕһ񼶸֡Өһߺǰ裬һ˵
һ˵ʵܿ£ǾҶӵսֵʵĽӻ
ĹǲǶ磡Ҷһе˾޴ѹ
֮⣬Ƕ磬ҲЩϵҡҡͷ˵
ĹУ˭ϣҶʵ
Ȼƣʵ£ĻҲжϣħһźʵͬСƣҲ˵Ķ֣ϸ˵
л棡
Ҷ˽ԼҪ֣еѹ
ս仹һʱ䣬ʱСϢɣû˸鷳Ȱս俪ǰһͻƵһǵ磡Ө˵
ǾһабˣҶм˵˱㣬֪ɷһæ켶ѪɺһһЩ޾Ѫ
Ѫɺ̺켶ͼ
켶Ѫɺ̺ǿ⣬Ө۾һʵ
ʮ켶⣡Ҷ
ãҺСѪɺˣʱһᶯһйϵŪһЩ޾ѪӨŵ
л㣡


1658 ǵ
ˣսʱ䲻ˣҴȥ
ӨվҶ뿪ɢŵľݣҶ簲ٺú󣬴ƵһصĿռ
񼶸֣ټҶҪܣ
񼶸֮ʵ̫󣬲Ҫ˵ҶǵͻƵǵҲܻ񼶸֡
ҵЩȣ̫ˣ
Ҷ̾ϢһصǬУһһɱõսƷ
ʮѼƷʥҲǲСջ񣡡
ҶзʮѼƷʥ֮⣬Ҷ绹õѪ飬ͨʥͷԼϬȱ
ͻƵǵ˵ɣ
ҶһӰսƾ˳һͷ̵˶Уƾǿҩȫǵ硣
ҶƵںСʱ帮ۡȴȻ󲨡
ǸɱҶСӵʲôڲȥˣһóۣ˫޻׵ӣһԲ輸ŭɶ
峤СӵûвǷ֮һ߻ֵ̿˵
ңСӲʲôطҪץסƤ峤͵վɱڵ˵
֣˺Сߵ
Сüͷšһ𣺡칬ڰսǵķֶС
ţߵ
ѵɱٷ칬ˣɫ¶һ˿˼֮ɫ
Ȼǿ󣬵ʵ칬ȣвСĲ࣬дԣ칬ʥصķ֧ʥв岻Ĺϵﲻ
ף¾ͽҰɣһֱȲ裬鲻ϲĹٵ۷еĲ豭Ȱս俪ʼһɱΪܱ𡣡
ãһоͽˣҲϣǻ뿪սʥĵ˵ͷݵ˵
Űս俪ԽԽޱߵİսǾۼ˴ţȴŰս俪ʼ
ս֮ˣΪǲμӰսˣ۳ɼΣõɱǰһõĽӵķ񣬿ֱںϰսʥʵ
ǵ磬ͻƣ
Լʱ䣬Ҷȫƾǿҩһ˾ƿͻƵǵ磬ս
ͻˣ
ҶոͻƾûãҵҶ磬ӨһöǬָתҶ硣
ô޾Ѫ
͸ǬָУҶ緢ָֽʮޱ޾Ѫʮ޾ѪʰɫȻʮ޾Ѫȼĸߡ
ɿճ棬ЩѪȫ㣬ȡͻƵ֮
Ҷûģȫ޾Ѫ͸ɿճ棬ɾѪҪɱ䡣
ս俪ʱղˣڵ״̬˼ͻƾ磬սɣ
Ҷ约ͻɾ粻ȣ׼ͨսúĥһԼټͻƣǵ
ȴЩӣҶ罫ɱħҹõĽʥ˳ʥ𣬷Žʥ֦壬ս졣
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻһ쳹ʵޱߵİսϿ𣬿µ˲˲ڰսǸ䣬һǱ޵š
սҪʼ𣿡
ʮ֮һʥȫҶһ뿪Ǭ档
ʱؾʮյƵˡ
Ҷ翴Ƶʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫΪƵ˶̵ʱڣͻƵһǵ硣
㣬лл㣡
Ҷ緢ĵĸм֪ƵôʱͻƵһǵ磬϶˲ʥ
ƵôͻƵһǵҪΪӵ壡Ө¶ĵЦݵˣ׼£úãʱԻὫǴ͵սʥУΪʮĳ
ʮꡭսҪʮ꣡ƵΪԾ˵
Ҷȴ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ƿȱľʱ䣬ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ʵһԿ񼶸ֵļʽ
ţսʮ꣬ʮУǽڰսʥĥʮɱİ˽ӱ뵽ľӨϸΪҶ˽Űսı
Ǳ㣬ڰսʥɱ𣿡Ƶʵ
˵ˣһʱǵıƽ飬ʱǾͻᱻͳսʥ̫ǿ˲䳬ԽƳܷΧпɱԷģ
һʧܣǰڻɱ˵ͽ֮УӨ
˵֮ʣҶ磬ƵĲҶѸ˽ս£Ϭ壬ѪһͬƵСӣһСģһᾡҵġ
ţҲСģҵ㣡Ƶ˵ͷעҶ硣
һ̣˱һǿĴ֮ûˣ˲ʧ˺СС


1659 սʥ
Ũǰսʥˣ
ƴ͵ǬҶԺӿ˴ĳ
Сӣ㣬ϣǲҪ⣡
ҶϬڰУԶдĹľʥ
ݣ
Ҷ̤նԶʱͻȻһ̶ƿ
һһʮɸߵĹľϣǿĵ⣬һƷʥҶ磬Ҫɱ
ߣҲң
ҶһӶһֱۣһˮкذĽâ£һĹľ
ȻԤеΣգ۱ܵܣҶʵԶʤ˲佻֯Ľâǽˣˤףصˤ˵ϣ⵽ش
ݣ
ҶĿ£۲ˣǿѪ֮ʩչ崫ͨ˲佫ٶ۷壬Զȥ
ӵĵ𣿡
Ҷ̤˲ʮٶȣ֮ľ롣
һ̣Ҷһȭµȭâؿռ䣬һȭϣϵƣֱӴͳ˰սʥʧȥ˻ʸ
һ
ҫһҶ¶˵Цݣ˽ԼٶƬǲ֪ɭȥѰһط
ս壬ʮĵǰμӣսʥ̫ʥ̺ŲС磬Ҷ缫ٷʱ䣬ˣɻܡ
ҪҵСӣȷʵף
Ҷ̾ϢһӣڰսʥзУѰĿꡣ
ûãͻȻҶ缫ݵǰԶоһɼµϢϢ֮ǿҶ籾ܵĸ֪Σգҿ
һ̣ǰĿռ䷢˴ŤŤռУһֻռĴ֣һռ䣬صӡïʢɭУɭֵ˴ݡ
֣
ԶģӰҶо˵ʵ൱Ӧ֮һԥʩչıʱ٣ٶ۷壬Լٶ򷴷ȥ
Ҷ뿪˲䣬һٶȼǹӰؿһصٵĴҶ硣
켶꣬ն
ۿٶȾ˵ǹâ壬켶ӳҶ꺣ǿĵ⣬һնǹâϡ
ǣһ
켶ͱµĽâˡ
Ҷ켶˲Ϣջ켶꣬˴ɽУܿһǹĹ
ף
Ҷʧ˲䣬ǵһصģӰˣͷųǿܣûзҶϢһҶ羹бӳ׷ɱ
ǿ̫ǿˣ񼶸ֵʵʵ̫ˣ֪ʩչȼԪܷ񿹺⣡
̸ոǵǹâҶ񼶸ֵʵģʶϢɽмѰŶ֡

ŷţҶɭһˮ
ɽ֮Ҷ緢һСϪɽл㼯һˮ̶ˮ̶룬һŮ¶ѩ׵񱳣öű̶ˮվˮ̶ϴӡ

оҶϢŮӷ·ܾӣ䵽ˮ̶ߣתֵ˲ԶҶ硣
㣬ʲôˣ
ͷʪŮ˫ֻڸʵ˫ϣʧ˵
Ҳ֪⣬ڷ۵Сֽܻס˫壬˵Ļ·˵⣬ҩһ
ϷݵĲܿϧҶûȤ
Ҷ翴¶˿˿⣬ɢϢŮӣ¶ŵЦݣ̤һ
㲻Ҫ˺ң
ԽԽҶ磬Ůĵ۾з˿ſ飬˵ģϧ̼˵ġ
ҪϷˣȻǰһĻˣҶ粻Ϊ˵ҸһγֵĻᣬϷͲҪҲˡ
ϷŹңңԸӦκε
Ůҧһʪ촽ˮ̶վ˵ˣ˵Ĵر¶Ҷǰ
ڣ㻹ջңҲò˵̫ˣ
˵ţҶָһĽâſٶȼĴ
أ
ҶŮӵ˲䣬ͻȻˡ
һ̣Ҷĸ֪ˮ̶вΣգһ綾߰ĳǹƿŲƵ̶棬Ҷ磬˲佫סˡ
ɰ࣬ȻЩƭ㻹ӲҵġҶ类ˮ̶ͻȻѿ¶һβ欵ŮӣϸƤģ㶼ɱˣ㽫Ԫ͸ңһΣ
ԭһֻβ¶ĺβŮӣҶ綴Ϥ˵
ţһúβŮӾֵҶб˲˸壬ﵽƷʥȼĳޡ
㣬ôô
ĿҶ鳤޵һĻβŮɫ΢䣬붼ûܡ
ͻȻһɿµѣĻ꺣У˲佫Գ˶ݵĿհס
أ
ҶѸӡһƣµ͵⽻һ𣬻һӡŤĿռ䣬ݺݵӡϣֱƿƣ뿪˰սʥ
û뵽ѾˣӣѾˣ
ɻܺβŮӣҶƵﵽϵЦݸŨڰսʥѰһĿꡣ


1660 ݹľ
ʱһȥ
ڰսʥУÿһÿһ붼ڷżҵɱ
Ҷ羭һɱʮˣеָǻ۵ʮˡ
ţǰʲô
Ҷͷǿ̺ʽѰŶʱǰһɽвǿҵһӿٶȷ˹ȥ
ţʲô
ɽɽȣҶ緢ɽһ̬ʮֹ죬ûһƬҶ֦ϲ̣ͨɫ¶棬·ľһľ
Ȼǰͨݵȴвһǿԡ
ǡݹľ
ҶɫĹľʱľʵ
ݹľϹ֮һ仺ÿ곤һ磬ǰݹľʮɣݿ½ӽǧꡣ
û뵽սʥлȺö
Ҷ¶˵Цݣһٻ˻ľƻľݾԶݹľ
һָоľɹݹľ˵ٴγֽḶ́ľһԳΪԼԿ񼶸ɱﵡ
ˣ
оľвݹľ궯иֳһŲϵף³磬˻ľ
⵽ݹľľҡҷɫڣſµ磬ݹľɽм
ľսɵĶ̫һֱʱ˷Բʮĸʿǲɣ׷׷ݹľɽȡ
ǣʲôľ
ҴҸ֣ԶԶżҶԳľ¶˲˼֮ɫ˵۾͸ȵĹâҪľΪС
Կߣɱ⣡
ҶɨһڰУʮʿؾ
ǻľݹľҪغϻֱɱ˹ȥ
ôĿҵҪôˣɱǣ
ȻҶɢϢֲܿľջ̫󣬻ò˳ͷԣٻԵͱҪɱҶ硣
Ǭ󣡡
ۼʿҶٻǬ󣬻ޱߵĽϮǡ
ã
оǬĿ£ۼʿɫ䣬׷״һ׵ķƣֵǬ󹥻ͬʱѸ󷽳ȥ
Ǭ󾭹ƷͨʥۼִķƸֵסǬ󻯳ɵĽ궴ɱǡ
һĲҽۼʿǬƣھֺ;ʧڰսʥС
ǿƻɱˣҶǬͷһɫ΢ĸʿסǡ
ণ
ͻȻԶ߳һХһƤŲһֻ޽ӥںڳ裬ѱһֻ̤Ӽٷ
ɢƣû뵽Ȼˣ
żԦԼ޶ƤӣϳݣҶ䡣
ԦӥƵĿľݹľҶвٵط˹
Ǭն
ƿҶǬն
ণ
Ǭն޽ӥſ˷ļ죬һ⣬ǬҪǬĹ
޽ӥԼٻһƴﵽͨʥȼķ컭ꪣûһӰǬӲסǬ󹥻
ǬǬһ
ҶһƱƱ˻Ǭںһ𣬻һ޵еǬ޽նſռ䣬һնɫ΢ơ
ã
Ǭһգ֮䣬ƼԦ޽ӥܡ
ʱҶγѣֱƺͽӥС
ǿ꣬ӲӲסѣܿǬһ޽ӥȴܵӰ죬Ӧһ˿ٻǬһС
ҫŹâӴǬһֱڰлһѪ
ǿ˵ʵǿȻһɱ¼޽ӥ
ĿǬһɱӥһĻ˱Ҷʵסŵת뿪ٴľݹľע⡣

սʥƣÿֻܴһԼ޽Լܰսʥ޽ӥȫŭƣѸٶǿĵƣӲʵ磬ְֳͨʥȼĳǹҶ硣
Ѫȼգ
һǹҶ˲ȼ˺֮Ѫһʮڽһȭӭȥ
ƴĳǹҶȭͷʱһɳҶȭͷб̵ĳˮӲѹ˰ͨʥȼĳǹƾ岻ѡ
ôܣѵ࣬һֻ˫ޣ
ʶҶһȭ֮Ƶɴ۾Ҷ˵ĿֲһȭסͨʥӲǹѹ䡣
켶꣬ն
ƳԾ֮ʣ켶ӳҶ꺣һɳſµĵնơ
أ
㲻Ʊ켶Уķ飬ߵķݣӰ׹Ӳҳһӡ
ĿҶǿشɢƵһĻ˱ʵס
ܿ죬ɽֻʣ׼̵֣ȫҶ羪Ϊ˵ʵˡ


1661 ڷ
һǹ
ˣȴƵǱһȼ˵ˣһǹ죬Ҷ硣
ǬǬһ
ҶͫһһǿǬ֮Ѹһ𣬻޵о޽һٿ˿ռ䣬նƴ̳һǹµĽӰӲӰն˵棬ơ
һסˣУ̳һǹҶ硣
ڹ⣬֮ҲʱͻȻҶ緢ҪƱҶսʥǰһΡ
ڰ಻סˣ
ҶЦһ˲ںѪ飬Ԫ飬ȼʥ˲佫ʵǵ۷塣
ã
оҶ˲䱩ǵʵƵĴ붼û룬Ѹȥ
ӵõ𣿡
Ʈ
Ĵ켶ͼֳҶ壬һĴ켶ͼ˲仯һ޵дնſռ䣬޾ƻɱˡ
̼䣬ϵˣһ˲䣬ƴͳ˰սʥӹһ١
ľȫɣ
ʱľݹľĹɫ룬ݹľУݹľ̺ԡ
Ҷ羲ϥݹľ£Ϊľ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ۿľݹľͻȻŨŨħˣһ˵ʵﵽħĳռ䷢΢ĲµϢɽϯҶ硣
ʲôľ
ɢɫ⣬ɽȿռȾʮɫĻľɫƳۣһؽ˫˸֮ɫӱľ¶̰֮ɫ
ɨһҶʱҶֻǵ磬ֱӽˡ
ȥɱˣﲻСȾָģ
ǣӡ
ħӴֳǹЯžħҶ磬Ҫɱ
˿Ҷ˲䣬Ҷ˽յ˫â˫б˲ںѪͻԪ飬˲䱩ǵǵ硣
һ̣˫ֿٵŤ۽ӡηƻӡǶˡ
ӡȻƷʥҶԵ̫ټµע뵽ӡУӡȼ缫ƷʥǶˡ
䣡
öӡˣµƻݿǶķƣǴĳǹµ˲ûǶˣֱӷǵƣͳ˰սʥС
ģ㾹ɱҺħˣҿòͷˣ
ĿҶӡԼͬһĻӲȻŭ˫˸ŵ֮ɫŭҶ磬ҧгݵ
ԭǺħˣ뵽ſͼƵĺڿ񵶣Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݵǺڿʲôˣ
ʶҴ磡
΢΢һ壬ɫ
֪˭ˣкڷȰɣ
Ϊħ彻Ҷѯʹħ壬֪ħţ֮һħ۷ĺڿ񵶣һܵܣħĺڷȡ
û뵽㻹еʶ֪˭ڷ¶һ˿֮ɫɱҺħˣ˭Ȳ㡣
ħ嶼һЩֻ쿪ľ֮ܣҶЦһ˵

ڷ۾ɱһ·̶ɣӡϺһֻţӡ׿̻ŵµƵİͨʥӡƳ壬ſµѹ֮Ҷ硣
ľƣ
ҶһݹľĻľҡҷӳɫںݺݵس˰ͨʥӡϡ
꣡
ܻľɫ⹥ͨʥӡͷŵѹ֮˲ˣµĻ֮ӿ˰ͨʥӡУӲ˵Ѻۡ
ʲô
ڷȵɴ˫ۣǰɫľһ飬ͳԼİͨʥӡ
һ̣ǰһҶһǰؿӡ˺һȭܡ
䣡
Ҷȭâؿڵ˫Ƽ䱬ըˣ
ȻڷԵʵסҶһȭ˫ƻǸе۸УԾҶµ
ҵҪֵܵҼȭ
˵ţҶȼ˺֮Ѫ˲佫ڣʵҲﵽ˱ȼڷȵˮ׼
ţҶֺ˵ڶȭŽڽȭâױȵƻĴӡݿУ۶˫ۣ˳ȥ
ôܣһôܳޣ
о˫۳صУڷȵɴ˫ۣʧ̬ľ
ͳԾˣ
ܾ֮Ǿ֮ܣȻϲ̨棡
Ҷ΢΢һЦЯž֮ƼϮµ˲ѹסĹڽڵİˡ


1662 նڷ
úãһ֪˭Ǿ֮ܣ
ڷȱҶĻȫŭˣǿĵƣ˲佫ʵħ۷塣
ţֱ۵ƣֱֳؽʩչħ崫ͨʩչ˵ĴɱУҶ緢͵ķ
鲫ȭ
ڷϮҶһ޵սڰУһ˵Ĳ֮ȭӭȥϵطźڷʩչĴɱУڽڰˡ
ħ
ֵסҶʩչ鲫ȭڷȼŵǿѳһīʰΧ״ΧҶ硣

ڷһΧҶʮɫͻȻըˣµγ˾ƻ˲佫ûˡ
ȥɣ
ڷ˲ͨʥȼؽںһһնҶ磬ҪҶ类ɵĻᣬһشͳսʥ
ˣ
ڷһĴҶ˲䣬ͻȻоһǿķ֮ڰͨʥдԼ˫УԼֱһ顣
Ĺδ̫һЩ
ҶֳַħɵֵסĹħԱƻҲûжκε˺
¹˭˵̫磬ʶյĵưɣ
˵ţڷ͵һԦ޴ٻһֻĥ̴Сͨɫ˸ϸ糤ìһ㣬ﵽм޵ȼ֩롣
֩룬û뵽ַȻշޡ
ƮؾҶ֩룬̹֩Ŀ£ȣм֩Ѿһ˿в˺
棬ɱ
ڷ֩´˱ɱ֩빥Ҷ硣
˻˻˻
ӵҶ֩ìϸ͵ط߸ߵԾ˰У˵̺綾˿Ҷ磬Ҫס
ʥڻ
ľ綾˿ϮҶȼʥ壬˲佫ϮĴ˿ڻˡ
ʥ𣡡
籡Ҷ̬һʥ𣬺ڷȵɴ˫ۣĸӵ𾪡
ʥѼҪշ죬ҶȴշʥԽоҶĿֲ
켶꣬ն
ʥڻϮ˿ʱ켶ӳҶ꺣лһİɫâһ֩룬Ӳնˡ
ԭ㣡
Ҷٻ켶꣬ڷ뵽ڿἰһˣµҶݡ
ħն
ҶЯ콣ӵУĴ켶ͼڽ˷ħУŷħ
Ʈ
һնҵĿռһµѺۣ޵еĽâݻһشηƻݺݵն֩ϡ
ͣ
⵽ҶƮ֩һؽۣѪҺȪһӿ˳
ħ罣
ڷȿ֩⵽شʩչǿʥҶ硣
ĵݵʱ˻һƬµĺڷ磬ϯһأںڷ֮УŴĽƣһڷУ̼䱻ƵĽƽ顣
غѹ
ҶһƷͨʥغƳ壬ڰУͷžѹ֮Ťռ䣬ݺݵѹ˺ڷȻĺħ罣ϡ
䣡
ܾغһڷȻĺħ罣ҵĲһ£µݺݵغںڷϣֱӽӰѹ˵档
ţӡ
⵽غѹڷٻľѵİţӡưţӡغѹ
ʱҶֳַħ֩뷢͵Ĺһظ߹һأϵش֩룬ڽڵİˡ
ϵ磬𣡡
Ҷһһͨ޽һ֩ӰնʱѰٻϵ磬ȫĽɫע뵽ϵУ˵֩һơ
ǣ
ϵ绮Ʋ񷣬ηƻ֩ѪϣϾ
һҶ̺֮Ѫ޽ߵϵй
֩ӴϵӲӸأۿˡ
СӣɱԼޣҺħ㲻ݣ
ڵϦ֩룬ţӡӲסغĺڷȷ˷ŭ
ֻ֩£ɱﵣ֩뱻ɱ޷ʧ
ħʲô
Ҷ粻Ϊϵιϵ磬֩ԴϣֱӽԴ飬ɱ
ǿƻɱ֩룬ҶֳַħϮĸոհѾغѹĺڷȣ͵Ĺ
ʱڷȼǵƾ졣
ԽԽأֵסҶ͵ĹҶһɣϵ飬ʵıƴͳ˰սʥʧȥ˱ʸ
һˣ
նڷȵƣҶ緢Լϵ˲䳬һ٣ﵽһˣ¶˵Цݡ
ľգ
Ҷһݹľʼ½Ļľս壬Ѹ뿪ƻصɽȣѰĿꡣ


1663 Ƶǿ
ʱһȥսʥ䶼ڷżҵɱ
ڰսǶϱĸĿʮɸߣһ赣иŰսʥɱǰһŵ֡
Ҷ磬˵ʲôȻŽǰʮ
û
Ҷشڷȣնսʥʱз˰ˣֱӳǰʮڰսȻ󲨡
Ҷ硭ɣ
սǣһɫۣɢ˫磬¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫ
Ҷٺܲ򵥣Ҳпˣ
ߣһɫĿ࣬ɢŨŨӵ˵
ˣǱڤ֮͵սڤʮͻ롣
ں˱ڤ֮ĺ֣־սĥ£Ƕ˵ʵõ˼ڤʮָƣһٳ嵽ǵ磬ɱ䵽¼ޡ
ϣɣҲܰﵽʦãڤʮһһֱİΣ
ܿʱȥˡ
УҶֳϬ壬ϵѰƵսʥ̫ˣʼ޷ͨϬӦƵ
ҶѰƵʱƵȴĸֶһɫ˵ɽС
СˣԹԽժǿʥֺֺǣҲãԷ㣡
һɫϸ۾˸ȹâֳһǹǵֱؿƵƯԸиӣ

Ƶؿ֣˲ںѪ飬ʵ£ֳּƷʥ赶Űͨʥӣ֡
ӣɽ֮ôϣ
Ƶٻ˰ӣϳ¶˳Ծ֮⡣
ˣ
ǳԾʱƵٻ켶ͼڽ˰Уʱһĵ𣬺ǻ꺣С
ն
ͻӹӦֳٻʱƵ߸Ծһ̶ڷ赶𣬾ֻķӰƳ赶˾ŴӰնˡ
֪Σգ˲ָѣȫ
Ƶսֲͬնֱ˺ǵķƻǵ塣
գ֮䣬ܱûŷӰնƣͳ˰սʥ⵽̭
һնƣƵʤ׷ưӴ˿־ײʣµ֣ǽڽڵİˡ
ģס㣬һǹϵ·֪ǵ
ϸû뵽Ƶս˵Ŀֲ̼شͬ飬ȻŭϵʩչǿĵƣӲӵĹƵҵɱ
ڼϸӣϧ۵ȼյˣʩչǿɱӲһʱͬ鼫ĬĿƵֳָԵʥһһ͵Ĺ
ͻܹƵܣǿĵ⣬ڽУŰӵĹŷ
䣡
ʩչɱнƵϡ
һ̣ǶɵۣǿƵϸֳһɢŰɫâսףȫ׻Ƕ˵Ĺ
䣡
Ծ֮ʣ׹ݺݵײһ˵ϣµֱӷƣͳ˰սʥС
ֵˣ
Ƶһ޵еŮսֳַ赶͵ĹһӰӶݻſµĴ֮Ĺʧɫȫ˵֡
ʵǿļϸӾԮǰƿһնԴ
أ
ԴѿһѺۣϵҲһˡ
Ƽʱͳ˰սʥƵնһԽ룬նɱ
úúãˣҵţһģ
ϸû뵽Ƶս˵ĿֲӲţһݻѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ߣ̫ˣ
ƵɱȻ˵֮켶ͼݻǧǣ׹䣬·
һ̣Ƶֳַ赶׺ݵûӣγɽ꣬Ĺ
ã
·֮켶ͼ⵽ش߿Ѫļϸʩչյǿһȫĵ⻯һãһµƵ
ӣƣ
µĲãϮƵưӭȥǿƻס˲ãĹ
ݣ
ץסᣬϸӲˣʩչĵƣǿдԽ˱֮켶ͼĿռ䡣
ۿǿƳ֮켶ͼķƵȫ͵£еķ赶һֻն

żϸӷһֵĲҽϵƱķ赶ն飬ʵؿһƵѵƴͳ˰սʥ̭


1664 ޷
ʣǾʣû뵽ʵ˵Ҵ۽磡
ƵǿƻɱʱһİһɫͦΣǷ͸һ˿Ӣ˫·ܶϤǧӳˡ
ͻȻֵİӣƵͫ΢ϸоǿҵΣϢ붼û룬ת׼뿪
ȵȹ޷ûж⣬ֻ͹ｻѶѣ
ƵҪ뿪޷Ѹ̤һ˲ԽǧףƵǰ
ôΪǱ𣿡
Ƶưͷֳַ赶ؿ޷˵
˵ˣҶԹûж⣡޷ҡҡͷƵ¶һ˿ӢЦݵôﲻң
Ȼûж⣬ǾͲҪ뿪
ƵԽĸо޷Ŀ£һָоԼȫı޷ԿѸ뿪Ψһѡ
ﻹǲң޷ЦЦϵ˵ȷʵԹһģﻹǲҪǧ֮⣬һĵġ
˼Ѿɷˣ
Ƶ޷ϵ赲ԼԺвϵİ취
ûϵⲢӰϲ޷ĵˣ֪մ֪ûȤҽС
ҽҲԣƵоԼ°Ѳ޷òıԵһ㲻׼˺ңֵһҼʶʵ
ȻԣƮƮ޷¶ޱǿŵҾվһܱһ뿪ɧŹ
ãƵһעˡ
˵ţƵȫĵƣս˼¡
һ̣赶ںһ𣬻һֻʵķӰޱߵĵն޷
ʵ
⵽Ƶʩչһ޷Хһһǿ緢ը죬ըƵնһƵ޷֮زز
ڵֵס˹ĹڹɷӦͬˣһƵ޷¶һ˿԰Цݵ
ΪʲôִңԸµʵӦòŮ˰ɣ
ʶ޷ʵƵ˴أҼŭֻܵİ취
ЩŮ˲ͬȲ˵ӵ壬òܼһ޷԰Σ޷¶ŵЦݣ֮ʡ
סǵԼ˺ңƣƵؾһ޳˫ȣɽ֮ȥ
һ˵Ĺ
ƵԲ޳ûһ˿覴õ˫ȣӣ޷ϵЦݸŨˣһ㣬˲ףƵԣС
һ֪մ
չȣйΣƵһ۾ݵ޷˵
ҵĵ޷ЦЦ˵ò˶ãıҵĿ
Ҳɣ
Ƶ䲻ȵ˵
ಣ
û߶Զһ̶ƿ
һɫۣͦɣֳһǹںڳɢ˫磬ѱͻȻƿһľԼٶȴƵˡ
ͻȻ⵽Ӵ̳ǹâ͵ϮƵɫ΢䣬ԥٻӽз
޷ķӦ죬̤һ³һµƣһ޵е콣ն˹ȥ
ۣ
Ӵ̳ǹâˣ޵е콣Я콣ֱӽ㲻˳ȥײľ
Ǻˣ
ڰսʥж̵֣޷Ŀ£֪Լߵˡ
ƾ㻹֪˭
޷˵ٴ̤һ»˵µĽƣӡ
ʶ޷Ŀ£Ӳϵشһ˵ķƣ޷Ĺ̫ˣµĽƴݿķƣһν˳ȥ˵ۣ罦Ѫ
ٵһŹҾͷŹ㣡
޷˫֣һ˵ڵϣѪ罦ӣ°˵
ãɣ
֪ܸܣѸȼǿĵѹסˣ仯ǿս̬׼Ӳ޷Ĺ
꣡
޷һ̤µĵ˲ˣµĽֱ֮ӻ˿ռ䣬һֻ˷˵ľ㣬ӡ
ƣ
޷̤Ϯûһζķǽȫ̳˾޵һǹ˽ƻ˾ϡ
ǣ
ǿƵʱ˷˵ľˣ޾ĽӰ˲ûӣµĹֱӷƣ˰սʥ
Ƶɨһ۴Żӵ޷ûκεı飬޳ĴȣԶȥ
ҾͲ㣡
ȻƵϲ޷Ȥˣ޷ԼֶΣƵ


1665 
ʱţֹܿȥ¡
УƵȻһֱ޷޷޷Ҳû˺
ȵȣǰɽж
ͻȻ޷˫б⣬סǰƵ
ߣȥ
Ƶεľס޷ĴգԼܳûˡ
ˣ
˸ո߽ʯᾣֲٵɽȣͻȻɽĽ⣬˲佫ɽϷӳ˽ɫ
ţɽ˼ҵĴµŴĿռ䷢Ť֮
⣬⵽ʲôɽм
оɽӿĿƵɫ΢䣬֮ɫ˵
Ӧɽı޷¶Цݣɫݵ˵
ˣǻ뿪ɣɽеı̫ΣˣƵʾ˵
ʲô˭˺㡣޷԰˵߰ɣǹȥеıҾ͸㵱
˵ţ޷ץƵҪץסỬС֡
Ƶʱ㵽һߣû޷óѡ
Դˣ޷ҲƵľӵǿҡ
ɽȾͷ޷˿Ϣֲдսڶ˵ʵֲ̫ﵽ磬˼ƻɽȾͷƻĲӡ
صɽȾͷȴһӰ죬ڰ׹еľھһ׶ߣɫķ·ݻŴʮµ滨

ǰ滨޷ϳ滨ǹżмأݻĻ̺켶⣬ֵһͨʥ
û뵽Ȼһ仯޷¶Цݵʻˣ⻯á
ţȥժ
Ȼмսʵֲ޷ȴûнǷһһӰھ׹еĻ

ɱĶû뵽˴ữһ׷׷ԷЯ֮ƹ޷
ں֮ڣ
޷Ƶǰչ¶ǿʵ˫ֿٵŤ˲һöĥ̴СӡŤգǶˡ
䣡
ַĹ޷ӡײһ𣬶ʱ춯صƻ
ݣ
ɿµʱâ˺˻籩ٶȾ˵Ĺ޷
Ͽռ䣡
޷ӶһֱۣǰĿռһѺۣµĿռ֮Ѻӿ˶˵Ĺ
ʨͷƣ
ɫۣȫ͵ٻһǶʨͷеͭӳɻƹ⣬ӳ޷
ֳۣһӣһˮ˫飬һֵ֣
ߣͨʥҲң
޷һһݻصİ̸ֳ壬ͷݻһµİ󣬵ֵסͨʥĹ
ţ޷ӿµص⣬ӿ˰УŤתγ˴Ĺ󷨣˶ˣݿǶ˵ĹӲˡ
̣޷
Ȼ˲ʶ޷ȴʶսİ̡
ǧǰ޷̣սһʥأðǴʥصĸһƬ档
ң޷԰˵⻯ˣ𣿡
ȷˣܹˣ
Ȼ޷ʵǿǿ壬̫޷ᣬðһ
ȻǾһϰɣʮ޷ǣ⻯͸ˣ޷˵
Ǿ£ͨ
˵ţոջԡѪսѡ֣ʩչǿĹͨʥȫ޷
̣Ǭ
ʨͷˮ˫ٴϮ޷ƷͨʥתǬſռ䣬Ӳͨʥ˻ȥ
ʱַĹϮƲ磬޷塣
ߣ
޷һиֳ˽֮켶̣޾ĽڵйƿǶ˵ĹգǶˡ
Ȼһж޷ʵԶԶʤǣټϰ̵ֲܿǶ˾͵ֵס޷͵Ĺƿʼء
ˣ
ս£Ƶ׼û뿪ʱͻȻоϬ岨һ¡
磬ˣ
ƵƯĴ۾͸˵ɣŵĲɵ
Ȼ޷ʵ£ҶäĿţҶȫʵ޷
ͨϬ彫ԼķλҶ磬ƵסĵļԭصȴȴҶ絽
ˣٵֵһУ⻯͸ǣ޷Хһĵݵ£ʩչĴͨ
ս
ݵĵ˲û˸̬˾ɱ֮ɱǶˡ
أ
һ
˲ϴķˣֱӱս˳ȥƴͳ˰սʥУ̭


1666 ҶVS޷
գ
ǿƻܶˣ޷һ̽µĵûһ֣ͷſµĵ⣬ֱӰ˱ķ׹⣬ĻժС
ʻˣ仯㣬ϲ𣿡
޷ժеĻݸƵ޾׵
ллˣ
ȻƵ˵ΪҪû޷ֱӾܾ
壬⻯̺켶⣬㼫ãǿ壬ʵһ޷˵
Сӣ˵û⻯ȷʵã
ͻȻһģӰƵߣ޷˻
Ǻˣ
ͻȻֵҶ磬޷ɫ˲˫˸ŵ⣬
ķ
Ҷ罫ƵỬСУὫ˻е
ߣ߸䲻㲻жԶҹԶҲŤĲӣ
ϲŮ˱§ڻУ޷ȼܻ棬ŭҶ
߰СӣǲҪĵˣ
ȻҶ޷ϸоΣյϢ£§Ƶӣ׼뿪

ĸ޷ҶֱԼŨŨɱޱɢ壬һӡؿˣµâӡҶĺ󱳣Ҫıǡ
ಣ
Ҷ½һ§ƵͻȻʧԭأܿ޷һƹ
ʱ򣡡
оҶܵ˲䣬ռͻȻӿ죬޷üͷ΢΢һ£ԾҶ羹Ȼµʱ
û뵽㻹һ޷۾б֮ɫҿϵŮˣκ˶޷ߡ
ȻǾҴĲӬҶԵƥػӦСӣȥǬеҡ
˵꣬ҶһƵͻǬУٻǬ󣬻Χ
ãҾͿ޼ɵĥˣ
ƵǬ˲䣬޷ϵɱޱɢɿµĽնҶ硣
ɱݻĽδնҶ壬ͱɢˣû˵ֺ
ݣ
Ҷ齣˲䣬޷ʧǰ˲һ󣬽֯һޱȵĽӰն
Ǭƣ
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һ̣ҶںѪ飬Ԫ飬˲佫ʵǵ磬ٻ齣˰Ե˫һն޷
ߣ
Ҷնһ󣬿ռгһؽۣ޷û㣬Ѹٻ˰ֵ̣סնľ齣
ŵţ
ӲһҶСӿڼӲĵؽӡ
̣Ǭ
޷ٵŵ⣬ڽ˰Уư̻һ޴İӳɱ֮⣬Ҷ硣
Ѫʥȼգ
о̵Ŀ£Ҷ粻Ҵ⣬Ѹٽʵ۷壬ٻϵɱȥ
Ҷһƺгϵ磬ž˵ƻŵɱ֮⡣
Ʒͨʥ޷ʵҶ֮ϣڰӿ£Ҷϵ޷ư
غ
ϵĹƱѹƣҶٻ˾غƺϵر󣬷ŵɱ֮⣬ݺݵײ˰ϡ
䣡
ͨʥײһ𣬱춯صıըĴĿ׹ѵĿռӳ۾
ݣ
ͨʥҶײʱҶ޷ͬʱˣԷ
˺ȭâײһʱڽҶȭͷб޷ȭͷгĵ⣬Ӳһ
ţ
Ҷһȭˣ޷֮ӵķŭһٻƷͨʥ⼫ߴҶ磬Ҷ粻òȫ㡣
û뵽صôͨ챾Ҳûãעʧߣ
һҶˣ޷˫б޾Ĺâһ̤˲һ㿿Ҷ磬֯޾ĽӰҶ硣
ǬǬһƣ
˺ƿռĽӰϮҶԼͷǬںһ𣬻һ޵еľ޽֯µĵ⣬Ӳ޷Ĺ
䣡
вı
ӲȻƽɫ˭ûκ˭
ã
޷ݴЯ֮ϮʱҶĴͼںһ𣬻˲ã籼Ϣĳӣײ޷
ô
ǿƵҶʩչĲã޷ɫޱȣʵ
ķϻ̫ˣ
Ҷûֳ־齣ն
޷ֱһӣӲס齣һնʱҶ꺣зӳһĿİ׹⣬켶Ӷն޷
أ
⧲޷켶նˣһؽֱϣ˴Ѫ
Сӣ㼤ŭң
ֱ۱켶ˣȫŭ޷ŭĳХһƶʵڽ˲Խ£һ񾳽磬Ҷв


1667 ޷
һ񣡡
о޷õɱʵҶ粻ɵ¶֮ɫ
ʵȫԻǵ޴ܣ񼶸֮ʵ̫ҪҪħ
ˣ
ս
ʵǵһ񾳽磬޷ֳƷͨ񽣣ʩչյǿһУҶ硣
һնµĵݻŸ̬һУҪҶ
ռؽ
Ҷ΢΢һȫݿռ˲ǰγ˰ؽƣĵֵ޷ʩչս
ǣ
⵽ݻŸ̬İսҶǰİؽƲϵ顣
Ҷÿռؽֵ˲Ϣӵ˰УܿʩչĴɱС
ռԪ
Ҷмſռ֮һ޴ĿռѺ۳ͷĴԪն׹䷲£ƾ˵޷
أ
޷ٵػӶһֱֳֹۣ⼫նҶٻĿռԪٵرƽҶ硣
̣ռ䣡
Ҷ壬޷ư̱󣬽ռ䣬ҪǿнҶס
һ񣡡
̽յ˲䣬Ҷٻ˷ħħںһ𣬻һīɱһеĽâ
һռ˲ڣµĽ޷֪Σգֳֹ⼫ȫӭ
ǣ
޷ʩչսҶ̳һмҵĶԳ⣬µϵؽա
鲫ȭ
ҶӲ޷ʱһĶã£޷һȭɢĹ
ۿһȭ޷ϣǰͻȻһޱȼӲĺڶܣֵס鲫ȭ
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Ҷ˲䣬޷ͻȻ֯ӰסҶ磬ʱ䡣
ݣ
ҶһΧʱͻȻӿ죬յܿ޷Ĺ
޺۽ն
һҶ㿪޷նһٶȾ˵ĽâϢնҶ硣
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⵽ռ޺۽նҶʩչռǰγɰؽƣӻŹܿʩչɱС
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ȻƱѹƣҶ粢ţطħܣûлħ飬̺֮Ѫ޽ߵȫ޷͵Ĺ
ʱһһ
Ҷ޷ɽмҵɱµƻϯҰƬɽΪƽء
أ
޷˽һһնǬ󣬺ݺݵնҶ絲ͷķħϣµݺݵغҶϣֱӽӰ˵棬ҳһӡ
Ҷ弫ǿ޷ϮѸٷɳ˵ضҧؼֵ޷͵Ĺ
Ȼ޷̵ƣһδλҶ磬ƣʱƣڵˣ޷һ
Ҷȵľһֻ̣Ҫ޷ʵµ䵽۷壬ЦһԼ
ս
ʵϵ½޷ƸӵͣҪõʧǰһҶ硣
ҶԳڿռؽ£ʩչĴɱи޷شҶ硣
ֹһʱ䣬޷ڵĵʧˣʵҲµ䵽۷塣
ʵ˲䣬Ҷ粻ƣ͵ķ
Ҷӡϵ磬һɵâʣغ޷
޷ǿĹϵ繥ʱҶͻȻֳַħʩչһ
޷һȫĵӿ˹⼫УʩչɱУӲعâﲻƵ֮
ľƣ
޷ǿʵӲֵסһ񹥻ʱľֳҶ壬ҡҷŻй⣬޷ؿڡ
ݹľľøӵĿֲƷͨʥˮ׼
أ
޷ٻȫİ̱ľɫڳɣ޷ֹľĹ
֪ľĿ£޷ܵҪ㡣
ʱغͷͷžѹѹ壬Ӳӻܵٶȡ
һ̣ľҡҷɫںݺݵسؿϣķ˳ȥˤǧԶؿģһƬ
⵽ľһ޷ɥʧսĵؿһҶ磬һҧͻȻʩչԶȥ
ӣ
޷ܣҶٻȫ׷ɱҪС
޷ٶ̫죬Ҷֺأʱ䣬ûӰˣӹҶ׷ɱ


1668 ǬĲ
׷޷ҶѪϢããȺɽҵһƧĺ굽˺У뵽ǬС
磬û°ɣ޷أûл
ƼصҶصǬУƵһǰѯʵ
Ҵע⣬ȻŹҶ΢΢һЦŵЦݵûлƣˡ
Ҿ֪㲻ʧģ
ƵؿҶ磬óһ׵ΪȥϺǵѪա
Сӣսʥ̫Σգɣʵһȥ㣡
Ȼ޷ʵҶԾѣΪӦʱֵܳΣգҵƵҶ׼ǬǱһʱ䣬ս˵
ã
Ƶ˵ͷոյõĻ˳ժһƬƬ̺Ļ̵꣬˶У̺ĵ⣬ͬʱǵ֮
ƵǱʱҶ˽ʥԣʥ𣬼ʥ֦ɾҺ壬̵˶Уת䡣
ܿ죬һʱȥˣսʥ˽ʱ䡣
ҶƵʮʱʮ꣬˫˫˾ս
˻ƵͻƵ˶ǵ磬Ҳøǿ
ҶȻûͻƾ磬˽ʥ巢ʵɱ䣬ս죬ǿȴﵽƷʥˮ׼ʮڡ
ҶսûãͻȻоǬгһǿһϲѸʱ䣬¼޵ɿճߡ
ɿճ棬ڽˣ
ʮɳӴʮ౶ɿճ棬Ҷ粻ɵ¶Цݡ
ô˸޾ѪȻһҪܳһʱ䣬пٴνɿճſݵ͵
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ҶͻƵǵ֮ſǬĲռȴʧˣɿճҲԴԽƣԼǬĲռ䡣
ܿǬĲ㣬õıҶоԼҲл񼶸һۡ
ãҾԣ
ɿճ˵ͷҶǬռ価ͷ
Ĳռ䣬
ҶһٻĴ켶ͼɫע뵽ǿĿռУȫ˺Ѹơ
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ŸƵѺԽԽ࣬ɿճҧһȱڣҶĴϲעǿ˺ȱڡ
Լһʱ䣬ɿճ潫ĲռĽҧһһ˶ߵȱڣҶһԽȱڣ뵽ǬĲռС
뵽Ĳռ䣬ʧˣһȫµҶǰ
ȻǬĲռռʮ֮һСľɫӵƯʱٸǴﵽĶʮ
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ҶɾǬؿռʱͻȻһƬзƯڰеĽƹš
ƣ
ҶһͨƹţǿƵ˽ƣõ˵һŽеı
ɫʯ
ŵУֻмСشڽɫʯҶͻȻ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫµʯͷ
ҵôðɣȻǬĲռõһŻʯ
סĵļҶͨڶƹţõһŰɫǬָ
ԣƿǬָʱָֽװŴѪͨʥлʮżֵɹ綼ļƷͨʥ
춼ңӵôͨʥټ϶ʮʱ٣Ҳڳرǰǵ磬ټûʯ̻ķħҲжϣļҶ
ƹʲôأ
żҶǿƿ˵Žƹţ˹зӡһ۴Сֻһƣʵ޻ĵҩ
ŵҩժʱоŵҩ̺İҩ
Ʒ浤
ҶӼˣû뵽õһŶҪ浤
ӵ浤Ҳħƣʱ֣Ӧսܷ֮Σա
֪ǬĲ㣬ӡʲô
Ҷ۾ĬĬظӦǬĲռ䣬ĲռоһŽƹţһ˹ȥ


1669 ޵
ƹзӡĻʲô
ɸߵĽƹţҶһǬǿƵ˽ƣ¶˽еı
ǡ
ɸߣͨ޹⣬·ӵħ˲ĵҶ类ס
㹻ǿ꣬ɫʱһܵˡ
ԣݣ
Ȼǰʮֹ죬Ҷо򵥣͸Уŵй֮Ϯ͸ܡ
޵ǻ߲ܲ͸аһ͸
ݵ͸ɫʱϢӿҶԺУ˽ʵ
ǬǺµģ澹ȻղôöҶһɵøп
ɿճ棬㿴ܼ͸𣿡
ҶǬռеıȤһָоǬеıͬСɣԼԵõ񼶸Ӧòѡ
ãԣ
ɿճڸռĽ£ſݣҧơ
⵽ɿճ˺ҧͻȻӿһǿֱӽ޵ɿճ˳ȥݸǳ˴Ѻۣ͸Ѫ
ɿճ棬û°ɣ
ɿճ汻ԶҶһߣΪһʥĵʵ
û£ڵҧǸƣɿճҡҡͷ
ɿճ棬Щ޾Ѫ㣬úźܿǾܴǵƣ
ҶûģոյõǬָ˳ȡָȫ޾Ѫȫ͸ɿճ档
ţҶһǬƵۣѪãʥ޴͵ǬĲռС
ƯǬĲռ侹˵
ǬĲ㣬Ƶǰˣµϸֳ˵Цݡ
磬ѪʨЩǣͻ֮
Ҷ罫Ǭָе͸˻޺Ѫʨ
𣬷İϴҺָ֮ܿʱӦþ֪ҵĳ˭ˣ˷ܵشһſͣʮ̵˶У뵽ȥˡ
СӣѪã⼸ͨʥǣǾɣҶó˲ͨʥ͸Ƶ˵ʱĶʮȡ۷塣
ллҶ٣
ҶͨʥۣѪòɵü
ͨʥÿһͨʥļֵҶȴʮִ󷽵͸ţг˸мҸҶߡ
ͳ˴ͨʥҶħ˯֮أڳ˯лˡ
Сǲ鷳ˣ
˵ڳ˯۾Ҷ磬ƹİ
ûУλǰ͸ǰһ
ħҶʮҪûǿޱƷ浤˳
浤ҵ浤
Ҷʵ޻ĵҩħϳҪ浤һţԥ浤̵˶С
ǰżƷͨʥҲ͸ɣ
ҶһȡżƷͨʥ͸ħ
СҼһָƣԼػǧ꣡ħżƷͨʥһ뵽˯С
ҶûдħֻصǬĲռ䣬ħȡ˳ǿл˷ħеħ顣
ħ飬㿴ʯͷǷ˵ĻʯҶ罫ǿɢɫʯͷ˳
ҿСҵĻʯ
ħ鸡ֳħĻʯʧ̬˵
ŻʯӦÿ԰ڷħп̻˰ɣҶ˵
ԣŻʯֻ̻֮ܿٵƣ÷ħﵽƷͨʥˮ׼ħ
ǲ÷ħʱﵽƷͨʥˮ׼Ҷ¶˽Цݵ
ԣҵ˼󣡡ħ̾ϢһԲ򲻵ѣҲ㡣
֪ҲͷģҶ˵ͷħͻʯͽˡ
ãʮ꣬Ҿ̻ܰƣ
ΪħҶһϵƣֻҶ磬ȫŻʯڷħп̻һµơ
սаʱ䣬ҾǱ꣬һʵٳȥɱ֣
Ҷ̵ĸоʵĲ㣬еҪʵʱ
꣬ǬĲռһ꣬ټϴͨʥ㹻ͻƵǵ硣
һϣڴ˴ΰսģ
Ҷһ޵£óһƷͨʥ̵˶Уһתɻٵڶʮʱʵȫǵ֮һ߿Բ͸޵


1670 
ʱţܿ죬ֹȥʱ䡣
ڰսʥһƫԶĽ䣬һɫһǵ磬մȾѪգĸ崿ֲʧɰСһʮɸߵĹľϣŮĴҧһͨѪѪԶ
ƯСҶѰҵ㡣
սĥ£㳤ˣƯˣҲ˲١
ǧٶˣ֪ڵĳɼŵڼ
㿴һϵ֣Ѫ̵˶УٵӴԣɱ尵
ͻȻһ̶ƿ
һƲ񷣬Լٶ
ˣ
ؼʱ̣ӳһµնһƿ˹ס塣
ͨʥȻͨʥ
ʱһȫźƬĿ׳ţͭ˸ɫâͼڵӣֳһ޴ĺڹڴ˳Ŀ̰ؿͷĴԪʥ
ţҵϢûɣѾͷӵͨʥ
ʱһСȸߣ˫۴ǶһԷצ۾֮ɫӽ˳ĿȵؿԸеӡ
ţͨʥ
ţ˵ͷԺвϵ˼ȡԪʥİ취
оţɢǿϢһ޳˫㶯һ֦ԼԶȥ
ܣ
ţСӿͻȻˣ׷׼ӿٶ׷ϣҪǿѹޱͨʥ
𣡡
ţٶ֮ľ룬ǿ׳ͻȻͣһ춯ص𣬺㡣
ˣ
⵽ţͷŵ𹥻һٶܵ˼Ӱ죬׹Ũܵɽ֣ţ˾롣
ţţµѳһֻ͵ĺţӰ̤ն㡣
ԭʼ
Σʱ̣зѳԭʼ̥ԭʼ᲻ɴݵ壬ֵס˺ţӰĹΣա
߷죡
ƻʱСͻȻ֣иֳֻӰգſռ䣬㡣
Ԫʥն
⵽ӰͷĴԪʥնȥһնϮӰ̤ԳӰ˳ȥ
СѾͷӲģ
ͻȻǰһСͻȻǰѸٺ˫ۣצֱؿڡ
ۿצ̽壬һǿѪ֮бıһɨգֵ֮ס˷צӲСˡ
ţԪʥնſռ䣬նСӡ
ȻܿԪʥʥ֮ǽˣߵķݣӰ׹˵档
ӣ
С⵽ԪʥɥʧսţŭˣȼǿĵˣͷųµԭʼҪǰȥԮ
ţ۷֣ԭʼֲ̥̺㽫֮ԭʼ̥ӵǵʵټ᲻ɴݵ׵ֵסţ͵Ĺ
ԭʼֵţĻᣬ̤ԳӰСǰ
Ҫ
ΪⱻԪʥشСӣͻȻû꣬С
սĥ£õļضСӵģΪݺݵزһţµֱӱСӵƣ͸뿪˰սʥ
ǧ˰ٶʮ
ǿƻСӣƵֿٵǧ˰ˡ
һɼʮǰʮֵܶȫˡ
ԭʼɱ
¶׺ݵһ棬Ԫʥԭʼȫţȫɱ
ţʵףս̬սԭʼ᲻ɴݣټϴԪʥĹƱ˲ѹƣµĴԪ˺ķƣش塣
Ʋϼأţ⣬Ѹ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ʱ̤ԳӰס˲䱬ʮڽµĹĹӲ˻ȥ
㣬ôô󣡡
о˲䱬ţɴ˫ۣ˼ľ
󱿵ķϻǲ̫ˣһɨովŵģԵƥػӦ
㣬ǹʾ
·ԭʼţɫ϶ǹʾԼĴ⣬ŻԼ
ûлشţĻǼԳѪһȭµȭâŤգݺݵغţǰ˫ϣ˫۷飬ơ
ԭʼն
һȭţ
ԭʼֳִ̥Ԫʥȫնʧصţʱһƥеǹâգһ׹䷲ǣݺݵشԭʼ̥
Ȼԭʼ̥᲻ɴݵֵסµǹâȴһ˿ʧأ޷ţӹһ١
һ̣һɫۣͦΣƤ渲źƬīɫɢ˫磬ֳһǹӳˣΣ㡣


1671 ڤǧ
٣ң
ͻȻ֮ˣ˵ţϲɤӴ
ͨʥҪˣ
ûţĿȫԪʥ
ԭʼߣ
ŰɢĿϢᵽΣϢϷɱţͷԭʼԶȥ
ߵ𣡡
΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݣһ¸ɽˮĹžֳ壬˲䵲סˡ
һ̣žиֳһĹɱƣɱˣܵĻᡣ
໣
⵽žԭʼû㣬쳤ХһֳִԪʥȫӭһƿ˿ռ䣬ŹžӳĹɱƣݺݵնɽˮžϣŹž
ԭʼ̥ȫžʱͻȻ㷢Ҫ׽
ѪӰҵ
Σʱ̣ȼѪ۳˿µѪӰȫֵӵĹ
ӡ
һȭŤգصѪӰϮüͷ΢΢һ壬Ѹӡ뽵̤ſռ䣬۵ѪӰ
ԳѪȼգ
ѪӰƣѪɴʹ࣬ȼԳѪʵ۷壬ʩչԳһ崫ͨ
ȭ
һȭиֳһֻµԳӰµĹ籼Ϣĺ֮˰ӡ
ԭʼߣ
ʱԭʼֳִԪʥնɽˮž֣ûԥ̤ԳӰԭʼȫͻΧ
ԳѪ㵽ʲôˣ
ӵʵﵽ۷壬ԶԶʤˣסˣʵ
ˣ
شԭʼֳִԪʥһնն塣
˵𣿵ץס㣬һкܶ취㿪˵ģɫһֲֳƬǹӭȥ
Ȼеǹǰͨʥԭʼʵޣ޷ӴԪʥǿӲһԭʼĹֵס
Ǳµķʧؽڽڰˡ
Թ־ܰɣڱǰӲģ
ǿʵסԭʼĹӳʤ׷ԭʼ͵Ĺ
ڰӵʵֲ̫ȼѪԭʼ϶ֵסۿ˲֧ͻȻһµĵâն䣬һն˰ӡ
ʲôˣ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳǹȫͻȻĵâʮֵĿ£Ӳµĵ˵Ѻۡ
ң뿪
һɫ԰ףûһ˿ѪɫЩӲͻȻ֣ǰߴٵ
л
Σʱ̣ûоôԭʼѸһȥ
ߣ
ӱһֳǹ˹ӣҪˣ׷ɱ㡣
ӵʵͬףﵽǵ磬ֳһصʯȫӭŨܵɽмҵɱ޷׷ɱ㡣
ӳˣ
ԭʼ˲֪ãһƧɽУڴŴ
ûͻȻֵĹ֪Լֻһѡˡ
ҵʵ̫Ҫܾʵأ
ִǬָóһſС죬ҧһڣָ˺ġ
磬ûзҺ㣬
ʱޱȵĻΪҶ磬ҶߣٴΣ¡
ʲôˣ
һԭʼػʱĸ֪ͻȻһİϢ֣˽յ˫˵
㲻Ҫţûж⣡
һͳ𣬸ոӲӣȳ𺣵ĹͻȻɽУؿϳһǹۣȴûѪʳ
㣬㲻ҪҿҶ㲻
ȻӾ㣬㲢ֳִԪʥ
Ԫʥԭʼ̥ҵĸоûдеĴԪʥһԻԭʼӹŰ¶رһǲڱڤɽ
ˣ
Źϳ˴Ԫʥԭʼ̥ΪˣĸӵĽţİ취
㲻ҪţҲڱڤɽҵʦǱڤ֮ʯ쾪˵
һĹ˵
٣Ѫ˼٣
˵ţӼѪ֮һСѪӰֳ塣
ѪӰ㵽˭
ɴ˫ۣŸֳѪӰˡ
ڽеģԭڤǧģӵ
ڤǧģҸ׵Ĵӣɴ˫ۣŵ˵ԣҸ״ӣ㲻ܽ뵽
սϸƣǰ֮ڤǧĵĻѳ꣬ܲμӰս䡣
֮ܲμӰս䣬Ϊʦҵһԭʼ̥
ڤǧĵ˵겻һߣشԭʼ̥£תľ˳
ΪѪ͸ԭʼ̥ޣڤǧûܰսʥơ
Ǵʦ֣
ڤǧĵĲ˺֪ټʵѪԼԭʼ̥Ϣ۾еľ֮ɫʧȫ
ʦãʦɺã
֮ڤǧʮֹıڤ֮ŵʵ
׻ţһ֮ȸͻƵ֮ͻ屨𣡡
̫ˣҾ֪첻ұڤɽڤǧĳһŰ¶ѵõЦݣʦع飬ս򡣡
ڶɽ˵֮ʣڤǧɫ΢΢һã׷ˣ뿪
˵ţڤǧĴԭʼɽȣԶȥ


1672 Ѫս
ܵõ𣿡
ɫİӼԦһֻ峤ʮɣһƶСɽ죬ī׷ɱǡ
ʦãߣҰǵֵǣ
ڤǧĸоӼԦīԽ׷Խ۷壬Ҫƾһ֮Ϊȡʱ䡣
Ҫһߣǲ㣡
ûжܣѡڤǧĲս
ʦã˵ʵǿֻҪ뿪κβң
ڤǧ֪ӵĿ£ӵԭʼ̥֮壬ͱӻɱˡ
ʦ֣ҽԪʥ㣬ǲս
ȼܻ棬ƷͨʥԪʥڤǧģն˵
Ǻðɣ
˵֮ʣӼԦīɱ֮£ڤǧĽӹ˱ڤɽ֮Ԫʥӭ˰ӡ
ն
ڤǧֱһӣԪʥһ޴Ӱſռ䣬ն˰ӡ
ɽˮž
⵽ԪʥٻɽˮžȫֵŴԪʥĹ
໣
īһ˲仯ΣֳһƴﵽƷʥȼսն㡣
أ
ԭʼǰ᲻ɴݵ廯īս
ѪԳѪȼգ
ԭʼīնĽڽڰʱȼѪ˲佫ʵǵ磬ϵغһƾ˵Ĵͨī롣
Գһͨʲôˣ
ӿ㲻ʩչԳһͨ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ԫʥջ̫ûзŹĴ㣬ϵʩչ˵ĵƣڤǧмҵɱ
ڶ˼սɵƻ̫ǿϵƻŰսʥգƬƬĹľǲϵ飬Ϊޡ
ս̬
ϱԭʼ̥⣬ȫŭī룬ŭĳХһ仯ǿս̬ǿ˹͵Ĺԭʼ̥㣬ȫѹסǵĹơ
Ӱ
ס㹥ƣīʩչһ崫ͨϵػûһƾ˵Ӱأɱˡ
أ
ٻѪӰܲסӰˣǱµķ֮˳ȥˤԶѪ
ʦã
ֳִԪʥӷ͹ڽڰ˵ڤǧģˣһԮ
ǹ
ץסڤǧķ֮ʣ˲ǹںһ𣬽ſµһֻη룬ڤǧġ
ȻڤǧֳִԪʥǿƵ˰һ̳ǹľԮĿҲڤǧĴϣ޷
СѾͷȥɣ
ͭ˸֮ɫīһ߸ߵԾֳս˵ص㷢һҪһش
ؼʱ̣ԭʼٴγ֣ü᲻ɴݵ嵲ǰӲīµ˫ս
䣡һ죬ʯ쾪
īն˫ݺݵնԭʼϣµӲԭʼҽ˼ӲĵزУ˵Ѻۡ
ҵҪ˭ܾ㣡
ҳԭʼī۾ɫ԰׵㣬

ڤǧĿΣգİΣǿгī롣
ɣ
ץסᣬɽˮžע˴ĵ⣬һǿĵڹžзɳٶȼĺڤǧϣ˺ش塣
岻⵽شڤǧĲˣֳִԪʥȫնī롣
Ԫʥնҷųĵ֮⣬ڰնһ蹵µīĿ־壬ܵһ㡣
䣡
ˣµأī룬ȫʧص׹䵽һߡ
ȥɣ
ڤǧֳִԪʥǿشīʱٴеĳǹںһ𣬶գһǹ壬ֳִֻԪʥȫ
䣡
һһǹ˴Ԫʥϣµ͸ʥڤǧУǹڽڰˣѪ
һǹڤǧģӳʤ׷ϵʩչƾ˵ɱУ͵Ĺơ
ʦ֣
㿴ڤǧΪԼĹ˵ĽڽںˣĴһƣһѪӰ˰ӡ
ԭʼҲʱƿ˵ز㣬ž˵Ĺɱӡ

ӱһ仯ս̬µ춯أֵסѪӰԭʼĹ
ʦãǿߣٲ߾ˣ
ȻڤǧӵдԪʥԪʥı޷ӴԪʥǿĹԽԽأļ٣
ߣ˭߲ˣ
¶һ˿֮ɫɽˮžϵرסԲռ䣬ǿнɽˮžС
һֳ̣ǹڤǧģҪڤǧĵƣԪʥ


1673 ޼
꣡
Ӵ̳һǹֳִԪʥȫڤǧĴ̷ɳȥʱƷԲռɽˮžͻȻһѺۡ
һɫ̤½ͼӳˡ
磡
Ѫɫ԰׵㿴ͻȻ֮ˣõɴ˫ۣһξвʵĸо
оѪʱҶ翴˼أһ˲һߣѸٸιһʥˡ
㣬úˣȥ㱨𣡡
Ҷо˼أ˫бɫɫصİӣվ
ţ磬ҺúýѵǸˣ̫ˣ˵СԴ
ģһ˸ͷ
ǬĲռʮ꣬˴ͨʥҶͻ˾磬ﵽǵȫѹһ֡
ʲôˣ
˺ɽˮžҶ磬üͷɵýͳʵ
߲֪˭Ҷ̤ųصĲһȥԵ˫˵
໣
Ʋī뿴ҶԼԼǰ߹ŭһȼǿĵˣֳսҶ緢һ
Сģ
ڤǧļī͵ϮҶ磬ɫһ䣬ѵ
ˣ
ҶԺа׹һ켶ӳҶ꺣һ޵нնЯžƻīն˫һ˳ȥһؽۡ
أ
īһ֮ʣϵˣʧ˰սʥС
켶꣡
һƵī빥նսʥİɫ꣬ϳɫǼ켶ꡣ
ãҸӣˡ
ȻҶ磬ȴҶᵽŨŨΣϢҪ뿪
ҲԣͷֱΪֹҶ̤ͻȻǰ˵
£ȰһߣһͣŭһûкôɫؿҶ磬Լı
ķϻе࣬·ߣҪôԼ¿ͷҪôͷҶ͵ݱ˵

ĸͱҶȫŭˣƲסеŭֳǹҶ硣
ͣ
ͽߵһǹ̴Ҷ塣
ã
һǹ̴Ҷ磬Ͳϲܵһ㡣
˲䣬켶Ҷնһնܵͷǹϡ
ۣ
ֳǹȫӲ켶깥ʱҶѸ̤˰ԽţµĴӡݻηĵ⣬ݺݵ̤ϣһ̤˳ȥѪ
սôôǿ
ĿҶش͵һĻڤǧˣԾǵҶ磬չ¶սȻǵ۷ܡ
ɽˮžɱ
Ѹһʥѹסˣٵݵ⣬뵽ɽˮžݻһ˵ĵƣɱҶ硣
ħƣ
ҶһٻħѾǧ࣬ûʯ̻ٵƵķħһӭȥ
̻ٵƣħħ˵һ㣬ﵽƷͨʥˮ׼һ̳׻˿ռ䣬ŵ˵ĵƣɽˮžϣֱӽ̴ˡ

ɽˮžħһ̴ͷҶս
Ѫݣ
̵ҶĿ£ͲҾôϧȼȫѪʩչѪӳǷ֮ء
Ҷٶȸ죬ıʱٶ£գ֮͵ǰסȥ·
ȥɣ
һ˲еǹںһ𣬻һֻŭǹӰߴҶ硣
޼
һһǹҶû㣬ʩչ˲͸޵ʮ꣬ϱ֮ľһͨӭȥ
һ̳һΡߴ֧صĻľӰֳ壬޾Ļ֮ڽ˷ħУһĹ
ǣ
Ҷʩչ޼̳һеǹ˵̶µĻ罣նϣ˺ķ˳ȥ
Ҷ飬һƣ⵽̭
ۣ
˵صˤڵϣѪ
Ҫʱһɫǰһߣס壬á
ңһŹǣ
ãĳһ˿ţƣɤӴ
꣡
вĻ䣬ҶһŲĽף޴ʹ۵
ţҶزϥǣĲӣǰ
ǸҵţһŹǣ
ΪһĻӣͺܹȴ裬һԱƣķʽ⵽̭
ǧ߰ˣ
ǿƻͺī룬ҶƵﵽ˰ǧ߰ˣĬĬһӳǰʮʱ˺ܶ˵ע⡣


1674 ǵ
磬úҶ첻ʶˣ
ĿҶϥǹǣ¹һĻ㱻Ҷʵס֪Щʲô
ҲϲˣˣҲƯˣ
ĸ鶯Ư㣬Ҷ¶˵Цݡ
˳磬ô
ֱ˿̣Ȼһξвʵĸо
ͨƸ֪μӰս䣬㣡Ҷ򵥵Ľ
ʦãλǡ
ڤǧĴս˵Ҷ磬ʵ
Ҹ磬ϲˣ۾״ܵ磬Ҵʦڤǧġ
ڤʦãҶ¶Цݵ
ʦֿɲҵ粻ͺ־УʶҶ羪˵սڤǧıʵ۷
ˣҷǰڤǰѾȬͻһǵҲһ֮ңò˶ãǾܼˣҶ͸¶һҪϢ
̫ˣҶЩȲҪҸˣ΢΢Щ˵
ʦãȻҶӱʦ־ͲˣҼȥɱĥԼˣоҶڤǧķ׼뿪
ǧ֣ŵҩ㣬Ӧöа
Ҷ纰ס͸һƷͨʥһƷͨʥ
⣬̫ˣ
ڤǧû뵽Ҷ˵£Ȼ͸ԼͨʥһŻƷͨʥ
ǧôҶЦЦ˵ڤǰжӦ𡣡
ðɣҼˣպһ𣡡
ڤǧҲŤ֮ˣͨʥӡУл֮뿪ˡ
߰㣬Ҵȥһط
˵ţҶǬĲռС
磬ʲôطôôǰɾһʱãöʥлʥ
㣬ǬĲռ䣬ʱĶʮɣʥʳ㹻ǵ۷壡ҶЦЦ󷽵˵
лл磬ˣ
Ҷգݺݵһڣϲ̵˵
ҵ㣬Ҷ£սʥرգʱ䣬ǬĲռǱһʱ䣬ȫǵ
ܴﵽǵٽĵƣȫʵԿһ񼶸ˣҪܣ̫Զ
ҶǬĲռǱʱսٴΪҶ籩ǵΣȻ󲨡
ҶֳˣҶ絽ʲôΪ˵Ĺ죿
ǰһ˵ζȲԾԵһǰʮһʵǿĶ֣
쿴͵ǰʮʧˣҶܵӦͣ
찡ܣҶ羹ܻܣѵǵ۷ܣ
ʮŵʧаÿչ۲񵥱仯ĸˣҶҲڰսǳ׵شˡ
ʱƣһֱǬĲռҶûٳ֣νԽ
쿴սһҶ¶ˣ
̫ˣսһÿնα仯֪˭ܰȺۣô˴γһ
һ˵ǰȷˣ⣬Ҷ죬ƣ޷ħһź裬ģڿӦЯֽľ˴ΰսһ
Ȼһңǰʼû̫ı仯ҶȰεذԿǰʼû˳һš
ܿ죬ֹȥʱ䡣
꣬Ǭаʮꡣ
ʮ˴ͨʥݵҶ磬ǵ۷壬ͻǵһ֮ң
Ƶ˾ʱͨʥʥʵҲʵķԾ
Ƶǵ磬Ѫǵ֮ǵ֮Ҳǵ֮
ޣѪʨɿճ˴;ѪȫͻƵм֮
ħ浤żƷͨʥȫƣ۵Ҳһ̱ͻƵ˶ǵ֮ʵøӵĿ¡
꣬
оʱ죬Ҷ罫˳̵ֱ˶Уתɻٵ
ĹЧƾڻǿ£ҶľƿԽԽƿѺԽԽࡣ
գҶȫ˻꣬ǿĻ֮һ˾ƿͻƵǵ磬ͬʱսһ
һʱ䣬սҪˣʱȥɱУǰˣ
Ҷ򵥹һ¾磬ûٵʱ䣬뿪Ǭʼԡ


1675 Կʼ
ţǰˣ
ԼٸӦ£ٻᣬٷеҶ磬ǰоħܡ
ʱֳ׵ħΧһѪֳһԷ𳤵˫ȻԪŮӡ
СˣҪνˣֵҲãԲ̭㡣
һɫۣ۽һԵİ̺ۣ²һԹֵӣ¶ϷʵЦݣŮԸеӣ
룡
Ůҧ촽е裬ŵ⣬Ŀ
κΣѲڣԽԽأֵסħܵĹ
вʵҪԱʱͻȻһƲ񷣬ѿأ쵽Ľħܡ
һٶ̫죬쵽þŮһۻʵĸо
һ̣ʹĲҽ
㲻ħ⼫ٽâУϵֱӱˡ
ħȻӹһ٣ǱµĽ壬صصڵϡ
ʲʲôˣ
ħѪ壬Ҫ
ʱһֻޱȾ޴Ľӡھ֮ݺݵزϣȱƣ㽫ȳ⽴
һǧˣ֪ɼŵڼ
Ҷ翴һϵһŮӸмĿע£ԶȥѰһĿꡣ

̫ˣȻһɱǵ۷ܣ̬չȥһɱǰʮҹ۷硣
ƳۣĿݵԴĹܣǰһͦΣ׿Ⱥǹĺӣĵ˵
ǰʮҵĿ꣬ҵĿǰ
۾˸ޱǿҰģͳ˵
СϧǰעԵˣ
ӻ䣬һԶĹľ
Ҷ翸ɶ೤ľ齣̤ųصĲһ

ɫһĬͬʱ֣Ҷ硣
ҶʱſͣļƷʥɳͣһһҺɱҶ硣
켶꣬ƣ
͸޵꣬ҶԽµǿ켶
˲Ϣ֮䣬ĽâƳ켶꣬ƾ˵ն£ֱӽƷʥնˣ㲻ǹĴܸǱ켶նƣ̭
켶꣬ԭɱҵܵܵǸˣܾˣ
Ҷͷ켶꣬ӵ۾ɭȻ˵
ǹһţҪҶ磬Ϊٷ屨Ĺٵۡ
Ϊܱܵʵ²̫Զ
ͻƵǵ磬Ҷսսʥʱǿ˰౶ǹĹٵۿԶԿġ
Ǿ¸µ汾°ɣ
ٵ۶ʵäĿţЦһһǿϢɢһͷ˲ĹҶ硣
ȹͲҪʩչˣⶪۣ
Ҷ°źХͷһָŹûͷ
ǣ
⵽Ҷһָٵݻͷһ£Ѻͷӣˡ
Ȼе㱾£Ҫң̫Զ
ٵͫһгһǶͷﵽͨʥȼĳǹһǹ죬·ƸĺҶ硣
֮Ѫȼգ
ҶͫһѪȼգ˲佫ʵǵ磬Ӷ齣ӭȥ
ˣ
óǹ齣ײһ𣬳ڽھ齣бӲóǹµùٵֱ۲ϵزѪƤѡ
ô
ٵɫ΢䣬û뵽Ҷ˵ľˣϵջóǹʩչɱй
Ԫն
ҶұۻӶһ£ٵͷĿռͻȻѿһ̬´ſµĿռ֮ϾȫҶ硣
ٵԵԪնʱĴ켶ͼֳҶ壬ݻ˲ã
ã
Ҷ罫ת£Ĵ켶ͼݻĲãһϢĳӣɱɫ΢Ĺٵۡ
ãϮٵʵ£ϵʩչɱȫ
κΣʵҶԶɱбãݿ飬޷ֵã
ۿãڹٵϣòĵƣٻ˹֮ͼǰֵס˲ãһ
Ʒͨʥû뵽㻹ȱ
Ҷɨһۻãͼϲû¶һ˿⣬͸¶ޱǿս⡣
һнˣȥɣ
ʶҶĿ£ٵ۲ˣͼʮھѪͼ飬ͼǿһƬɫĻֱӽ°Ҷ뵽ͼС


1676 Ƭ
񣡡
ɹҶ磬ٵ¶֮ɫ˫ֿٵŤϴһӵӡڽͼУͼͷųƵĶҶ磬Ҫ
ãûã
ҶȼʥסԼһֻֻĶڻ˾ɡ
ʥôģ
ٵû뵽Ҷշʥ𣬿סɫޱȡ
ͼĵƣҲɱͼһڿھľѪͼĹγ֮ͨȫҶ硣
֮ͨѹ£ȼյʥԽԽͼƣϵϨ
أ
ʱƵĶ磬ǿд͸ʥķҶУҧ壬Ҫ
ͼûĶҶ粻ΪԭأɴĶ塣
ôᣬʲô
оĶҶ壬һǿƣֱһɣٵᵽһ˿ѰϢɫޱȡ
֣ԼЩСҶˣֶκʵԶԶԼ
˱Ҫɱ
оҶ粻Ӽᶨ˹ٵۻɱľģϵͼҪҶ
ȴ֪Ҷ罫ͼϣһ߿ƻľѹĶһ߿ɣɱٶȡ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ģôܣ
ٵۿͼһʱ䣬˸ȴҶᵽһ˿ѰϢ
ԥҪҪջͼʱһǿҶ꺣
ͼдĶɱ䣬۳һɻԡ
ڽˣ
оԽƬҶĴϲ
ٵۣлˣ
ҶͻȻ˽յ˫ٻľͼ
ǣ
ƷͨʥĻľ£ͼ˵Ѻۣһɹɿµķ֮ӿ˹ٵУˡ
ʲô
ͼǹ֮󣬵⵽ľȴѺۣùٵˣ붼û룬ϵջͼҪܡ
ܵõ𣿡
Ҷ½һ˲ʮٶȣס˹ٵۡ

ٵһٴͼ뾫ѪͼֳĹɱƣҶ硣
ڻľ£һ˵ĹɱƲϱľҡ飬µĻ֮Ϲͼùٵ۽ڽڰˡ
齣ն
ҡľ˹ٵۣҶӲϵرֳ־齣ն
һնڽµľ齣ſɽ֮ƣݺݵն˹ٵ۵ͷͼϡ
¡¡
޾ıͼ𣬹͸ͼӿ˹ٵУֱӽӰ˵棬ҳһ󶴡
鲫ȭ
һشٵۣҶ粻ϵغһ֮ȭһأɱŹٵۣϵؼơ
ڣ
ҶĹ̫ͣٵֻܽͼ
ĹӰƳͼХŹҶ硣
һʱ䣬ռƣ죬һƬ˼
һ񣡡
ٵ۽ͼϮҶ齣ںһ𣬻һһйĽâһٿǺϮӰɫ䣬ƴܵĹٵۡ
Ҷһٶ̫죬գ֮˹ٵϡ
꣡һ
ٵϵˣһֻŹصĹٵһ̣ͳ˰սʥһ
ǧˣ֪ܷǰʮ
ܹٵ۵һɲǣҶ緢ԼƵٱǣ¶˵Цݣһʧԭء
²һ˹ٵۣҶֳǰʮڰĺڿ񵶻һ˵Ĳࡣ
Լʱ䣬ѰҲֵҶصǬУ׼ںԽƬƬ׼ʲô
ںϣ
Ҷһں˵һƬ
ںƬʹޱȣҶļ㣬ס˻꺣д˺ѵʹ
Լʱ䣬Ҷȫں˵һƬҲõ
ʱһƬ̺ľȻµʱ򣡡
Ҷ۾һ¶˾ϲ֮ɫܽһ͸ʱʱܳΪҪɱﵣڹؼʱ
ĵļҶֿѸںϵڶƬ
֮ʥ⣡
ں˵ڶƬҶ緢֣ڶƬ̺ǽ֮ʥ⡣
֪͸⽣֮ʥ⣬ܲܽ켶ʥꡣ
Ҷ緢Ƭѩ̫̿Ҫˡ
ƬĻʲôأ
ҶһһϢٵںϵƬ֪Ƭ¡


1677 սʫʫ
֮
ں˵ƬҶԺиֳһĿھھһµ֮
֮Ԧ˲䷢ǿ
Ҳ˵ǵʥܣ֮Ҳ˲䷢ǿһνǼ̬ͨ
û뵽окεǿͨϷħ֪ܷӳεһ
סĵļҶãǬһʱ䣬һ߲͸Ƭһߵȴǿе
Ȳ͸֮ɣ
˼һ£ҶȲ͸֮ٲ͸֮⣬ʱ
֮Ҷһеɱԣȫ͸֮
һ죬Ǭжʮ죬ڼʱУҶ粻ϼŶ֮
Ҳ֪͸˶ãҶͻȻ˽յ˫ڲ͸
ʫʫ
ҶǬĲлоǿϢһϢսʫʫ
ս޵УȰǲҪνˣöӲҵģ
ɫۣĿͦΣںڵĳ裬ֳһɫصħۼµĺڿնһµĵâкµٲһһɫףֳͬսն˳ȥ
磡
ˤڵϣҳһӣѪӣսʫʫһߣιһŵҩ
ʫʫҪң뿪
Ȼս޵أȴ¶ƥս£ձѪȾսſĺڿ񵶣ߴٵ
磬ǲս˱̭
սʫʫ޵ؿźڿ񵶣ҡҡͷᶨ˵
սʫʫڸöһᣬҵŮˣҾͷǣڿ˫б֮ɫսʫʫ崿ףӣԵ˵
Ҫսսôϻ
ս޵һϧ۵ȼǿĵˣٵʵһֻıӣӵ˰С
ս޵У
ս޵бһʩչԴһȫĵѪһ˲ﵽ˼£һնأ޵µսն䣬ռ䶼һ
ħħ֮񵶣
⵽ս޵ʩչļµâڿû㣬ʩչħ崫ħǿͨȫӭ
䣡
ʩչĴɱʯײһޱߵķˣ˲ݻ˷Բֲա
ս񵶣ն
صս޵һִɽϮķٻս֮Ʒͨʥȼս񵶣ն˺ڿ񵶡
̲סս崫֮ˣ
ս˺ѷ籩Ե˫նڿ񵶲š
ۿնɽսնϣһɫħֳ壬Ӳս񵶵Ļһ
ۣ
Ļǵһڿ񵶻⣬ս޵ҲƲסƣӰ׹ҳһӡ
ħѹ
شս޵УڿƷͨʥȼĺħѹս񵶣ս޵нս֮ջصĻᡣ
ڿ񵶣ݵȾָս񵶣
սʫʫս񵶱ڿѹٻ˺۵ĺŹ
ħħ֮Ӱ
ڿһĶãתħûһֻΡߴħӰӭ˺һصĺ˳ȥӴԶ
ţսĺܲƺħѹסս񵶣ڿ¶ЦݣսʫʫȻ㲻ԸŮˣս񵶾Ұɡ
ڿ񵶣ħѵҪս岻𣿡
սս֮ʧڿҪսѹߣʱˣƣ
ս޵УҺħս壿ڿ¶һ˿֮ɫ˶ŮɫȤսʫʫźңҲһὫս񵶻ǡ
룡
սʫʫŭ˵û¡
Ҹǻᣬǲϧڿ̾ϢһһԶս޵ö˵ģٸʮϢʱ䣬ʮϢ֮ǲһĴ𸴣Ǿͱ飬뿪ս񵶾սƷɡ
ڿ񵶣ߣὫս񵶻ңŹҸ𣿡սʫʫҧ촽˵
ս񵶶սشʧսʵΪս۵㡣
ãᱻĥģ
ս޵֪ڿ񵶵ײп£սʫʫڿ񵶾Իսʫʫʹ
ˣǻᣬǲϧ֪ս֪ս񵶱Ҷߣ᲻Ὣսʫʫңս񵶣ڿʧȥģ˵
˵ֳ꣬ƷͨʥʥһնѿգһĴӣ޾ĵ⣬ϯսʫʫöˡ
ͻȻһſµľѹ֮ѹ˶˵Ӱϣ˿µĵ⣬սʫʫöǰǻһ


1678 ҶVSڿ
˭
ƾճֵľغڿɫ˲ܣɱڵ˵
۸һŮˣڿǻˣһԵƥͷ
һ̣гһҵĽâٰĵ⣬һն
䣡
ڿֳֶʥյֵսâǿĽ⻹ʧأ³ʮס
޼
һΡߴľڻҵգ֮ľӿ죬µվҵĲռ·ܲסɿµʱһ㡣
䣡
⵽ҶʩչĻ޼ѹս񵶵ĺħ˳ȥ
ʱս޵ץסᣬæٻս֮ս񵶡
Ҷ磬㣡
ڰУ޵֮ƻ˺ڿ񵶣Ƕս񵶵Ӱսʫʫ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ʫʫڿ񵶽ңǱ𣡡
Ҷսʫʫö˵˵ͷ̤һɫѿĺڿ񵶡
ԭ㣬ܾˣ
ڿû뵽Ҷ֣Ծĳɳڿ񵶶ԼʵţҶ硣
ҼǵиҲô˵ܿϧ㱻ɱˣһӳ˰սʥҶЦЦ˵ˣ˽кڷȣ֪ʶ𣿡
̭˷ȣ
ڿ۾͸˯}˵ĹâɭȻ˵
ǰǵȷŸҶ˵ͷ
ɱ㣡
ڿڷȹϵã֪ڷȱҶ̭Ϣȫŭ˺ڿ񵶣ŭĳХһֳֶʥնҶ硣
ɱң㻹̫Զ
˵ţҶȼʥͺѪ˲佫ʵǵޣֳ־齣ӭȥڰмս
Ȼ齣ĵȼԶԶʥҶ籬ڽȴȫֲ˾齣Ĳ㡣
˼ɱһʱ䣬Ҷ粻û·磬ѹס˺ڿ񵶵Ĺơ
ôܣʵôô࣡
ڿԽԽľ޷ţʮʱ䣬Ҷ羹ȻӶǵǵ֮ȱ̬ٶȣδš
켶꣬ն
ڿ֮ʣ켶Ӷ֯Ŵĵ⣬ն
Ҷ͸֮ʥ꣬Խһ¥ʱ켶иֳһ㵭ĺ⣬ʮ౶
һն£صӰݺݵն˺ڿ񵶵ǰĶʥϣǿúڿ񵶽ڽڵİˡ
ħ񣡡
켶նˣڿٻħҪħ֮Ťתľ档
Ǭն
ͷų޾ħ·һĺħֳһħ֮ϮҶϵٻǬ󣬿ǬѸٵںϣͷһʮɳǬ޽ն˺ħ
䣡
ӲӲǬ޽ħһ˿ʧأӴĽúħ񲻶ϵذˡ
ħħ֮񵶣
ץסҶӲħĻᣬڿ񵶸߸ߵԾ𣬽ħݵ£սһħ֮նҶ硣
Ҷֳ־齣ֵסڿնħ֮ʱȫħĺڿֽն˵ڶ
ÿնһħ֮񵶶ڴħ¼ٵ嵶ն䣬Ҷ类ĽڽڰˣȫѪҵط
ڿ񵶹Ȼ򵥣
ȻƱڿ񵶿ƣҶȴһ˿ţϵں˻Ԫ飬һʵֳ־齣ȫӭ
ƣ
ҶǿƵֵסڿնĵھŵʱڿʥںһ𣬽īħץסҶʧصĻᣬնԴҪһս
ռؽ
ҶһסӿѪǿĿռ֮ǰγ˰ؽƣֵڿһնĵʮҲһ
ǣ
ںڿȫ£Ҷ罻֯İؽƲϵ飬ռؽǿǵֵס˺ڿնĵʮ
棬ֵҹˣ
Ҷʧȥģ˾齣̻ŰٵƣﵽƷͨʥķħٻ˳
Ʈ
Ҷһ̳ħӿ˿µĴ֮µĽâ翪һã˺գն˺ڿ񵶡
ħ񣬵ֵ
оҶһĿ£ڿɫ䣬ħȫֵ
꣡
ӲҶʩչƮħһµĴ֮˺ħ񣬽ħ֮Ӱն˵档
ʲôħˣ
ԶսսʫʫöˣĿҶһնѺħһĻ¶˲˼֮ɫǰһĻ
úãʶĵưɣ
ڿû뵽Ҷս˵ĿֲóһŵҩѸ̵˶Уŵҩٵʵһħ֮
ʲôƶûãעʧߣ
˵ţҶ֮˲佫ħĹ˼¡
޼
ҶǿķħٻľӰ֯Ĵ켶ͼͻ֮ն
ǣ
һ󵽲󣬴ƬճݣµĻ֮һУݿźڿ񵶲ʩչĴɱУ˲佫ûˡ

һߵĺڿ񵶷һʵŭõĵƻδȫʩչϵƾˣ̭


1679 ʥ
ǿƻܺڿ񵶣ҶƵּٱǣܿ죬ϵﵽǧˣֱӳǰ
쿴սǰб仯ˣڿʧˣǸҶΪ˵
찡Ҷ絽ʲôȻ˺ħһźڿ񵶣
ҶֺİҲ磡
Űսı仯˹ע񵥱仯ĸ֣ħ뵽ŭС
Ҷ磬Ҷ磡
ȻħǧŲμӰս䣬ϣǰֻкڿ񵶺ͺڷȡ
ȫҶ磬̭úħ峤ץ񣬺޲óսʥнҶǧС
˼û뵽ҶĳǰһϵСһӨϵı仯¶˵ЦݣҶյĳɼԽڴ
Ҷ磬ûôôڿ񵶶Ķˣ
ڿʩչĵƣδֵܵסҶḼ́սʫʫʵסη˵
Щ꣬ЩʵҶ΢΢һЦ˵
Ҷӣ˶ö˽ģһ𣡡ս޵оؿҶ磬м˵
ûҶ磬ǲ޷ս񵶣пв̭
սӿˣҶ΢΢һЦսƵս޵кøУ߰ɣҸĵط˵
˵꣬Ҷսʫʫöˣ뿪Ƭƻصɽ֣һľĺԡ
սӣʫʫŵҩǣ
Ҷоս޵жƼأóƷʥ͸ǡ
ллҶ磡
սʫʫûҶӹƷʥԼһţս޵һš
Ʒʥս޵жоȫůģƿٵػָ
Լʱ䣬ս޵ж˻ָƣ
ʫʫǸңǶӦУ
սʥرյʱѾ࣬Ҷ绹Ҫ֣ܶȷǰڰ
Ҷ磬Ҹ㣡
սʫʫˣ붼û룬
Ҷ粻Ǿͬаɣ
Ȼս޵к뿪սĥԼö˸鼫ãսʫʫ̬ˣѡ˳ӡ
ȻǾ߰ɣ
˵꣬Ҷûٵʱ䣬սʫʫöˣɵɽ֮ϣѰŶ֡
ʮԽԽսʥмųѡֲ̭Ҫȫ
Ҷɽ֮ϣѰʮʱ䣬δܷһˡ
ţǰɽжǹȥ
Ҷ˷ɵһƬڵɽʱҶǿԼɽиоһԣüͷһƣսʫʫö˷ɽɽȣؽƣɽȾͷһ״ͷʵĹľ
ʥ
ǰǰɫĹľҶս޵ͬʱϳǹżмصһְĹľǿƷͨʥΪ
û뵽սʥоʥʥʥݿ³߰ꡣʶս޵е
ս֣ʫʫʥҪˣΣ
Ȼʥޱ󣬵ǬĲŴܶļֵԶҶҪʥûľɣǿ
ֻҪԣս޵ҡҡͷûжҪ
ս֣շʥٷɣ
ҶЦЦ˵̤ʥ
أ
оҶ翿һˮͰ֣糤ìƳ˵ز㣬ٶȼĹҶ硣
ƣ
ϮҶ缤Ѩϵб뵽˫ȭУһϮʥ
ս޵УսʫʫҲʱֳָԵսʥ

⵽Ҷ˹ʥдһ׹ǰиֳĹӰŹҶˡ
ʫʫСģ
ս޵Ѹٵսʫʫǰֳս޵նһնѵصĵâնһӰϣӲ顣
Ҷٻ˻ľҡľӳ֮գɷӰ
ȥ
Ӱ飬Ҷ˻ľƻľϵر󣬸ʥ֮ϣҡҷŻй⣬͵Ĺʥµ˲佫ѹơ
켶꣬ն
ľʥʱҶ켶նʥնյС
ľɣ
żֵƷͨʥҶƻľɫ룬סգʥ롣
ȻʥʮֵļӲȴֵסľɫ룬һɫƽУ̺ԴԴϱľɡ
ս֣ʫʫɣĶǣ
˵ţҶ罫ʣµĿսʫʫöС
Ҷ֣Ƿĸˣս޵ų飬ֵм˵
սѣͲôҶЦЦں˵
ãҶֵѣҽˣ
ս޵ûƴǣսʫʫ˶ǼΪҪΧܣĵصȴľʥ


1680 
ľʥ˼ضնľӳĻйӳﶼܿ
ţˣ
ϥɽȾͷϢȴҶͻȻ۾¶һ˿Цݡ
Ҷӣˣ
ٷīɫ۵ӣս޵ϳǵݣҶ硣
ս֣ʫʫһһ׬֣
˵꣬Ҷͷųޱǿս⣬εضܷ
һֱֵܵʵף˴ﵽ磬һһֻҲ̤˺ԶԿܡ
Ҷ˵ֻ㺢ͯ

ܿҶĬٻƷʥҪش
ã߽
Ĵ켶ͼֳҶ壬ͷ񽣣Ųã˲նƷʥˡ
ã
оã߽Ŀ£ܱܵҪ㣬ã߽Ĺٶ̫죬գ֮նǡ
һҽУã߽նһܣնơ
Ȼӹһ٣ȴã߽ˣѪ׹棬⵽ش
ʱս޵кսʫʫ֣Ƿ͵Ĺ
ս޵ǵ֣һն˵ڶƣܡ
սʫʫֻǵ۾磬ս޵а£Żܵƣõ˴Ļ֡
ǧˣ
żٱǵĻ֣ҶоԼӦÿȷǰˣһƵǬٻ˳׼ЭɱУ׬ȡĻ֣ȡΣõ߽
ռ䱦
ƾճֵƵ㣬ս޵üͷһƣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ôս֣ս޵ʧ̬ģҶ΢΢һЦ
û뵽Ҷ־ȻһܰսʥƵĿռ䱦
Ҷ粢֪սʥһеĿռ䱦ҶǬǬĵȼڰսʥ֮ϣĿơ
㣬Сӣǣ
Ҷó˸ոյõ͸ƵǷ£ʵ
ľӳɫ̫ۣиֱ˹
δǿǾͱõҶشǵĻֱ˹Ϸˡ
Լʱ䣬ľʥ̺ȫɣȫͣøӴ׳̺Ļ֮ӵǿ
ҲغãҼľˣȻȺ֮
оûľյеķʮֵЧҶһû뿪ɽ֮УûľյС
ʱһȥڻľӳл֮£иֳ֡
ͬˣǾǱҶ磬ս޵شŮϷŻ֡
ܿ죬սʥرյӻʣ£ɽõս޵УƵ˵Ļֲϵ
ҶȻûڳֻܵˣĻ֣εذռսλãѹ˹ţһǵ񾳽Ĺź衣
ˣ
ֹ죬һµϢɽϿգҶоɿµϢʱ˫бŨŨս⣬һ˰С
㣡
ľ޷ͫһͻȻǰҶ磬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ţŨŨɱ⣬Ҷ硣
ɫľյ֮ƣ
޷ϳľҶı֮µԼӦ̤Ҷ粼µȦС
ڰսʥҲջʵһͻһһ֮ңټϤҶֶΣȫĻһѩǰܡ
޷ôˣ
ս޵һϳ޷֪磬԰Ķţʵɲ⣬Ժɨš
磬޷ʵǿ𣿡
սʫʫԼף΢΢Щŵʵ
ǳǿۺʵ޷ȺڿǿӵжԿ񼶸ֵʵ޷˵ͷص˵
Ҷ粻ɣ
սʫʫˣҶˣ˵Ҳ޷Ķ֣˵ǵѾϵҶϡ
İɣ粻ã
ƵҶäĿţټҶܹ޷Ҷܸ޷
޷ϴˣûкˣұذ㣡
Ҷ۾ȼս⣬Ҫ޷ȡĻ֡
ճ裬һ㣬һеĽ
޷ԵػӦٻ⼫УָҶ硣
󶥼ԣսһ


1681 ҶVS޷
ԸǺõģʵǲпģذɣ
Ҷ޷вٻ˷ħЯ콣ն
ˣ
һ̶ƿ
ķħ޷еĹ⼫ⴥһ𣬶ʱмµ˺ճ˵Ѻۡ
ӲһƽɫҶ޷ͬһʱУ֯ŴĽӰն˶Էҵɱ
Ѫʥȼգ
޷սԶԶڿ񵶣⵽ˮĹҶĹƱȫѹƣҶϵʩչƣʵǵ£͵ķ
⣡
Ҷʵǵ˲䣬޷Ҳǿĵƣн˲Խ˾缫£ӵһʵ
ս
ʵǣ޷ʩչ˴ɱУȫĵ˲䱬ûɸ̬գɱҶ硣
޼
Ҷû㣬ʩչ͸޵ϻľԴһȫӭ
ľӰֳ壬ںϻľĴ켶ͼҶ˱ʵĻ֮һսײһֱ˰սʥĿռ䡣
ǿǶ˵ʵ̫ǿˣȿµƻԳԽļޣ
Ŷʩչɱеƻս޵бסǶ˵ս۷
磬Ŀǰ˭ռϷ磡
սʫʫ۵С߬һ𣬿ڻ籩мɱĶˣŵʵ
ֹУ֮壬ĿǰƾСս޵ҡҡͷ˭Ц󣬾Ҫǵĵˡ
޷԰ʱ𣿲
ʩչ޼סսҶԵĿХһֳַħ޷
Сӣҽ㣡
ԵʵסɽϮĻ޷ٻƷͨʥ̡
̣һ
ţںһݻ̣γһİ⣬ɱҶ硣
ľƣ
һƾ˵İϮҶٻľӭ
ҶԴԴע£ľϵس߳󣬿ٵҡҷɫڣϮİҡ飬һС
ҶⱾ֮Ӻζ֮󣡡
Żľϵҡ̵Ĺս޵вɵ¶Ľ֮ɫĽҶӵлľ
̣Ǭ
๥޹޷һǿת̣γһת֮ҵعɱҶ硣
ת󣬵Ȼ޷أҡ񷣬յĻľ
ʱƣ޷ԽԽòһſļƷʥָģȫư̹
޷ϧʱѼƷʥӳҶ壬ͷһĽ
ǬǬһ
Ҷһ켶ڽǬУ£նѿյǬ޽ݺݵն˰̡
Ȼ޷ư̵ֵסǬ޽Ĺ
ҶץסᣬʩչĹȴ˼Σա
һ񣡡
һ̳ħħˣ˰ٵƣħĹ£һ컯Ĺ⽣һУն˰ϡ
ۣ
̳Ҷʩչһ޷ˣһڿѪϸ͸һĨ԰ס
Ҷ̫˶֣
Ҷֵʵ̫ˣ֪޷һȻ󲨣
֮ϣŸſԱģ칬ģ˵ʵŲһء
Ҷĳȴħ䣬ս޵֮࣬иľϲ
޷ʵҲˣ
ŷɳ̣ɫ԰׵޷Ҷ粻һ˿ϢĻᣬֳַħ
Ҷ֮Գٳδʩչ֮Ϊ֮󣬵ҲһֻʩչһΣԲ򲻵ѣԸʩչǿĵơ
ħ࣡
һαҶˣ޷еܴ裬һȼǿĵˣͷųµĵǿʩչֲʩչ嶥ͨ

ܵ޷ʩչħӰ죬ռӿĴ֮ڽ壬ԽԽ󣬱仯ǿħ֮սһ
ħ֮徹Ȼħһͨ
޷仯ħ֮Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫоħһûҲйء
ȥɣ
仯ħ֮޷Ѹٺһȭըؿž˵ƻҶ硣
仯ɲ죬Ҫڽ£
Ȼ޷ʩչħ࣬øӿ£ҶȻ޾壬һӶȭӭȥ
˵ȭͷײһʱڽҶȭͷб˲ѹ޷ڽڰˡ
켶꣬ն
޷Ҷһȭʱŵ켶ݺݵն޷
ħȭƣ
޷˫ȭӲ켶꣬µӲ켶ĹɱҶ硣


1682 
鲫ȭ
Ҷ޷еĽһ˷ħԵ˵Ĳȭ޷ɱ
޷仯ħ֮弫ǿ󣬵Ҷ罫ս죬岢
мҵĲɱռҡ
ʱ٣
ɱƽɫҶͻȻӿıʱ٣˹ٶȡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ҶĹѹ޷ˮĹڽڵİˡ
Ԫն
޷һʩչռ˺ѿͷĿռ䣬ٻԪննҶ硣
ռ籩
ԪնϮҶʩչոĵؿռƾγһƬµĿռ籩˲˴Ԫնϯ޷
޷ǿʵӲռ籩ϴʱҶٻ˻ľҡҷɫڣݺݵسؿڣƿؿڳѪģˤɳǧԶײԶһΡɽϣɽײˡ
ҶͣҶʤ
Ҷһش޷սʫʫ崿¶ѵþϲ֮ɫ˷ܵش
Ҷܻ޷Ļһᳬʮ򣬵ʱпܳǰռݾƵҶ磬ս޵Ҳһ¶ѵõЦݡ
ħ࣬
ʩչħһαҶˣȫŭ޷˴ɽڣϧȫѪǿѪΪǿʩչյǿһҶ硣
һռ䱩޹⣬µһУ·ƣöԶΧ۵ս޵е˺ֹͣһĩٵһ㣬ȫɵò
֮һ񣡡
޷ʩչǿһҶſµѹʩչ֮˲佫ħ˼¡
һգһ
˺ƲĽâӡſµĴӡǣħҵɫޱ޷
Ȼؼʱ޷ȫҶ缤ħǿʩչһǴ͸˵ƣ壬˳ȥ
ݣ
ˣ޷սϵʩչҪܡ
Ҷٶȸ죬գ֮֮ľ룬ϵʩչǿĵ׹壬ƣơ
СӣҷľŹ㣡֧ŲסƵ޷߳ŭ
ߣ°ܽ뷭첻ɣҶһΪ
ۿҶҪ޷ƣܣͻȻһɿµϢˡ
оϢ޷ϲԶմ֣ҡ
޷һɫƳۣͷڣϵһȲն
˭Ȳ㣬ɣ
˵ţҶ˷ħлһƥеĽ⣬ݺݵն˵޷ϣʵŭУƣ̭
޷ҶƵּٱǣգ֮䳬ʮֱӳԽҶͶţƣаսһ

Ȼڻ壬޷壬ϵУ˽ֲԶԶĿҶ޷һĻȫŭһ񾳽Ļ졣
ŭһٻһѹɽﵽƷͨʥȼķ컭ꪣնҶ硣
һնƬռܲס컭ꪽ֯Ӱ׷׵ѣµɽϢ
죬˴λţ
ͨ޷Ҷµǰ֮ǱӨ֪񼶸֮һĻ죬ҲǴ˴ΰսϣ֮һ
նӰҶû㣬ȫӭ֪ԼĿǰʵǷлܻĿܡ
䣡
ħ뷽컭ײһɿµҵĶԳ⣬ŷԲĿռһ¡
ţе˼
һ¶һ˿Цݣû뵽Ҷ絥ƾܺԼնķ컭ꪡ
ҵҪֵܵҼꪹ
˵ţȫٵıǣ˲䳬Խ˶ڽֳڽصķ컭ꪣͬӶһɽնҶ硣
ˣ
ÿһײؾ𣬿µǧϯ񷣬һС
磬˭
Ż跽컭ꪣ͹Ļ죬սʫʫɫ΢䣬ŵʵ
˽л죬Ǵ˴ΰսһľߣʵﵽһ񣡡
ս޵ɫص˵û뵽Ҷ޷սȻɱΪҶ絣
Ѿܾûµˣ
ս߰˵Ӷ컭ꪣҶƴɱ
˴ռս棬ִӵ漤սУԽսԽ죬ԽսԽǿսʥƻĲӡ
ڶ˼սȻ׶ʱʧȥĵػ춯˵ƣ˲һ;硣
һ̣еķ컭ӳɹâݺݵնҶ絲ͷķħϣİڽһɽҶϣֱӽӰ˵棬ҳһ׵ľ޿ӡ


1683 
硭
ĿҶ类һһĻƵ˵Ķʱ
ʵһָоҶҲǻĶ֡
ţƾȻû飡
쿴ѪڵؿзɳҶ磬ЩԼõƵȫһҶܵˡ
ҵҪֵܵҼУ
һֳַ̣컭ꪣЯž֮ƣҶ緢͵ĹƱҪܣõĻ֡
Ѫ飬Ԫ飬ںϣ
ʵҶ粻ٲ׾ϵںǱ˲佫ʵһǵ񾳽硣
û뵽㻹ȵƣ
оҶʵڵսǿֳַ컭ꪣȫһ˸߹һ˵ĹƣѹҶ磬ڽڵİˡ
ô˵ǿ󣡡
ȫѹҶ¶ŨŨ֮ɫû뵽ԼõƣȻֵס͵Ĺ
޼
ƽڽڰˣҶһĴ켶ͼݵ£ľӰֳ壬ǿĻ֮ӲĹ
䣡
˵ĹٴײһҶͻ챻ͬʱףһѪٴδҶʳ
찴סӿѪҶ緢ʱռͻȻ˱仯һĳ֣˱ϢĹӣ˻졣
š
͵ػӶ컭ꪣһϮĹӷ飬Ҷ󣬿һɫȫŵ֮Ůӡ
ߣһŲȽӰȲӡ
ģҶҪ˻ˮ
ͻȻֵĶˣüͷšһ
ȻͬΪ񼶸ֵģҶĴ˼ɡ
ǰҶڰսʥмսգƽɫ
Ȼʱûжõƣ֪ҶҲƴɱ¹˭û֪
ҶѣҶ˵ͷҪҶ鷳սʤҰɡ
ҶΪ㣡
һԻĿŭѱҶŭ˵
²һս֪
Ȼʵܿ£Ҷʾ˵
֣սʥϾҪرգǷָ£ȾսĲʹ죡
սһʱ¶һ˿欵Цݣ˵
ãҪңĲǣ
ɨһҶģԥһûٳ֣һݻת뿪ˡ
λлˣ
̵ʵҶоԼ֮Ĳ໹ܴ󣬳Լϧʩչлϣ
ҶֿˣҶ¶Цݵ֪Ҷֻ˶ٻ֡
ʮ򣡡ҶЦЦ˵
ʮ򣡡
Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
սʥһʮŵӣʮȷҶȡðսһ
Ҷ֣֪㶼˭Ȼô֣Ҷʵ
һ˹ٵۣڿ񵶺޷ˣҶû̹׵˵
ҶֵʵҳԾڿ񵶺޷ϣ
Ҫ֪ڿ񵶣޷ʵǰģٵҲǰʮľߣȫܸҶ磬Ҷ˳ԾҶ羪˵ʵ
߰ɣǻطãȴսʥرգ
ǱҶˣҶƵ뿪Ƭƻصɽ֣һطٻľ˵
ľ̫Ҷڼ䣬ʮʵĸ֡
ǵȫͬȫҶ˺شս޵˹Ϸˡ
ʱһȥսʥеԽԽ٣ҲڲϷű仯
Ҷ֣ӡһ㣬ӡ˰սһλã˶෽Ĺע
û뵽˴ΰսȻɱһƥѹƣǣռ˰սһ
ǰڿ񵶣޷ܸҶʵδ̫ˣ
ߣѣҹƵ˾ûôˣ
ôˣܻܲŽ˵
ܶ˾Ҷĳɼ˵ȴ˸оҶɡ
Ҷãֻɱʵţõ˴Ļʱһ쳹˫۵ͻȻ𣬾ʥ˶š
ΪʮĳҪˣ
Ŷϻջųһ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ȻǵĻиеܴͣǵβܵͣ뵽սʥĽǲɵü
սڰΣн
һսʥ䣬һ֮סҶˡ
һ̣ʧ˰սʥУһؿռڡ


1684 ʵͻ
ϲ㣬ô˴ΰսһĽһʱ䣬ʱܲסܹ壬ᱻͳ
Ҷ绷ǰĿռʱһϵ
һ̣ǰ֮ɰٴӿҶ磬˳ȫëףֱӹ뵽С
þ
оܺͺ嫺;ҶһĶãһ߿ƻľܣһ߼תɻ;ת䣬յǿʵ
ͬʱսŵȫ͵һؿռС
յΣǵõĽʱ䲻ͬ
Ϊǰڻɱ˲ٵĻ֣ټҶջʮһʱ䡣
Ƶõڰʮܶʮ졣
սʫʫһٶʮֻʮ졣
ս޵ʵǿսʤ˲ǿĵˣջöʮʱ䡣
Ҷķֱõ͵ܰ˸ºͰʱ䡣
ʱţеӱͳܿռ䡣
Ȼܵʱ϶̣ǵջȴܴ󣬲˸ǳ˿޷Ƶľƿͻ˾硣
ǵ۷ˣ
ҶԴԴܣʵǣﵽǵ۷塣
ûżͻƣǲϵѹƾ磬Լӵʵ
ľ㹻ܣϷɱ䣬ԽԽǿﵽƷͨʥļ¡
ţʲô
ҶԽԽʵȫǵʱиоһԷ֣ûвĴڡ
ţʴҵ֮
ҶԹ۲һɺѱ˲ʴ֮ȻٶȺһֱʴȥɼµĺпֹ׷ϴĽŲ
ѵĿģҪ䣬ŻŵδİλҶԼµĿġ
ľ
оеʴҶƻľɫ룬鲼䣬Ž΢΢ȫ
ľһľκεܿ죬ʴҶ֮Ĺϱľɣס塣
֣ҶܵٶȲϵطŻٶܵ˲СӰ졣
òôľɲɾ޷ָƣܲ
ֹʱ䣬ڻľ£Ҷڵʴȫʧǿܣһٳ˾ƿͻƵǵ硣
ͻ˾磬Ҷ翪ʼľӿ뵽ؿڵѨУ壬ս죬һսͷ
Ҷܴʱŷ׷ױ뿪ܿռ䡣
Ҷ磬˭
ѹҶðսڶƣŰռսһҶ磬üͷ΢΢һ壬¶֮ɫ
μӰսǰԼҪ֣ûҶ磬벻Ǵĳġ
ƣǲǳԾ˾Ȼһͷ
ӰսüͷƣɫۣɢǿѹȸеĻ컺˹
ôʶҶ磿
ͦΣһ޵ǹƽĿӰսߣ˻죬䲻ȵʵ
Ȼһʹ˴һܣ˵ͷ˵ʵȷʵףҲõƣѻ
Уѹðսһǻ޷
ԭ޷
üͷ΢΢һ壬˫бâ޷ֱӡ
ʱһȥһʱԽԽ
ľԴԴܣѨе鲻Ϸɱ䣬ɱ˸ǿս飬ҶҲһս졣
ǵһʮڽﵽƷʥˮ׼սֵõ˴
֪ڵʵܷܻ죡
սҶЩڴʼİսһ¡
Ҷܹһǵʵһʱ䵽һǿĴ֮ͷ뿪ܿռ䣬ص˰սǣǧˡ
֪ҶֵϢŷ׷ӿ˽ͷһ¶һҶķɡ
Ҷ뿪ܿռ䣬ʩչĪٶȣص˺Сһա
һºڰս̨гǩʼľ
ҶոշغСһڰսϿմþòɢ


1685 ʼ
Ҷģʱûв쳣
սǵĿʧҶҵҶģʵ
쳣ҶֺγԣҶһʵ
ʱоһɹϵʴҵ֮Ҷ罫Լʱ˳
ġ
Ҷɫ΢䣬۾Լ֮
һδεĿӣǲ뵽֮Ѳʴɫ˲
ʱ뵽֮ʴպɼӰ졣
аսĿģҶɫޱȣҶ֣Ҽˣպһ𡣡
ˣҶ΢΢һЦսһʱ䣬λӦÿʴ֮еĹ֮
û⣡
Ҷĵ̲л֮뿪ˣ취ʴ֮Ĺ֮
Ҷ뿪ҶҵƵˣΪǼ塣
ܵʵʴ֮еĹ֮࣬Ҷľ˽ʱ䣬֮еʴ֮ǱΣա
ս޵Уڤǧ϶Ŵܣǿĵ̣
ܿ죬һʱȥˣĿİսݡ
Ȼֻаڳӱ뵽յľ˴һ۷ˮ׼֮ײΪڴ
սƱǱ˳ۣһƱʸϵİսʥսĿðսΪһݺ͵λ
߰ɣȥսʥս
ԡ£һɾȵҶ߳˷䣬Ƶ˻ϣ칬˳õǰ˰սʥս
վסûƱý룡
Ҷһսʥսʱڵסؾ
ҲսģģҶ°Լ˳
Ҷӣ룡
Ҷƣǵɫ䣬¶˾η֮ɫؽҶ˫ֵݸÿһ·
ҶӡѵǰսһҶ磡ʵҲ
ô޷ħĺڿ񵶾Ͱܸ˵ʵ𣿡
⵹ǣɲǳҪھжûϣ
ţս˴ΰսһ»ᱻռ
ԶԶؿҶ磬սʥսһ˫˫۾ˢˢͶ۷׷ס
ѣӦÿԽսɣҶΧۣƣ˵
ԣȻԣ
ս·һˣͷ
߰ɣ
Ҷûеʱ䣬Ƶַ߽Ƿİսʥս
ôսʥսô󣡡
߽ʥսƵ˱ǰһĻסǷʥս̨һڣߴɣΡΰ
ڿ̨룬һɣ£ʯɣԡڽ֮µ䶷̨
Ҷɼ̫ڣʥս̨ѸҶѵλá
ҶոյãҶĵҲˡ
Ƕ˵ɫѾʵһ
ֹһᣬƣ죬ź裬ħһԼһȫʥսձ̨ϵĹִ˲ƣ˭ӱðսһ
ȻҶ¶һ˾û˿²һ־ͻᱻ̭
ˣҶһ
ʥսŴ̶ʱһɫۣͷѩףϢںһ˫߳Уһſڣµ˲ѹȫ
ÿµĴܣ
ǰİ׷ߣҶͫײɵΣյ״ᵽΣϢ
ˣڽгǩһΪѭ̭ƣЦ˾Ǵ˴ΰսһ彫άһƷ浤һŻʯ׷ߴ
ʯ
Ҷ۾һû뵽սһĽ˵ķ񣬲浤дĻʯܵõŻʯ˵ܽħƷͨʥȼʱٽ֮ȫʵɱһ񼶸֡
а˿ŹǿԳֳǩˣ
׷ȡ˰˿ƯеĹ򣬴
ˣ
žʥսռ䲨Ҷͬʱݵ⣬һֻֻ֣ץһſŹ
ȻƣҪҶ綪ĹҶ۵֣Ҫ顣
Ҷ͸޵꣬Ե̨ףƺͻСϷδóѣҶץһŹ
ҶʱڰսʥսϿյĹϸֳ˶Ծ˫ֺͳΡ
ֱҶƣƶԹź裬ҶħһĶԻ졣
ˣսʽʼ
ǩ׷ߴ
һ̶̣ƿҶվ޵е񽣣Ƴգɣµ䶷̨ϣңӣ׼յĽ


1686 Ҷǿ
ƣѵһľţǧ꣬ںܾһһ֮ң
дԣڻ̫ڰزΣ̫µԿһ񼶸֡
ȻƵʵǿҶʱ˫л͸ŨŨ֮ɫ
Ϊ֪Ҷ磬ʵ츳ǿҪҶѺѡ
û˷׼ǿʵ͹Լϣһ˿ʤ
ҶҼʶ£綥ǲ˵
һٻ֮Ʒͨʥȼ֮սҲһ޵ǡ
ʱƣһʵ񽣣µķâ˲ֱӡ
Ըģ
Ҷ˫֣ɫ̹Ȼ˵
Ȼʵףۺսڴİɵס
׼ˣʼ
Ű׷һ£䶷̨ʮط䶷̨·ǹɵƻ̫꼰޹
֮
Ʊһת£ֳ֮һն籡һ·̺Ų֮ĽâնͦζܵҶ
ۿһҪҶ˫̤һһǿĽ壬ٵػ㼯һ˲֮ϣƵƵ̽
ã
Ҷ̤һƵԼ̽ɫ΢΢һ䣬ٵǿĵ⣬һϢݻŴĹӣҶ
ƣҪʱˣȹûã
ȻҶͬΪ۷֣ʵǵ̣Ҷǿֻ̫̫࣬ҶһָϮĹӡ
ǣ
һҶָĽâֱӹᴩ˲ãƵĹ
ǿҶʵǿĹȻκεв
򣬸޷ȣܴĲʵҶ޷ڿ񵶣Ƹ޷ʱ̣ǰ
ڿ̨ϵĹڣĿҶĿ£۷׷ʱɫصƽ̫ת˼£֮˷ӿ
̫ͣܽڰؾ磬Ҳ㲻
ҶûٻκεؿŽ磬һ޵лߵƣ٩٩̸
ն
Ʊһ̫ת£͵ںһ𣬷ӿ뵽֮Уһѿռ䣬նҶ
һҪңԶԶ
Ҷ¶һ˿Цݣ˫ֿٵŤһöϽĴӡӭȥ
䣡
ɿµײһı
նһȻǿ󣬵ȻҶĽӡ飬µڿУƽڽڰˡ
̫ػ
һסڷѪǿһУػӿ壬֮ǿնҶ
һնռгһ޴İ½նµĻ죬ſռ䲻ϵز
лԣ
Ҷͫһһŵ֮Ĺ⽣УһһƲӭȥ
һƿգµĽâ˰½ն룬µĽ˲뵽½նУˡ
һ̣Ҷʮ˽ʮ˵Ľâգնֳ֮ȫơ
ȻƽҧأסҶնʮ˽˫۱ʮ˽ˣѪܿƵʳڵѪ߰ߡ
ƶҪˣ
һɫۣȲ͸Ųŭ̾Ϣһ
׷ɱҶ磬Ҷս峤
ҶƮؾ֮ⲻϵر仯òûϳҶ硣
ǰҶʵ̫ˣƽ̫죬δܱƳĵƣҶӵʶһʵܵ˵ͷ
̫ͬ飡
޷ʧܵķʽһסڷѪʩչյǿһ
̫ͬݻǿһУ£ʩչҪΪۣһܾ˵ʽһʩչۼ
Ϊ˻ҶϣѾƲôˡ
ôҪƴˣ
ҶԻ崫ͨΪ˽⣬岻ϵرµ׼ʩչͬ顣
һ̣Ҷ廯һ⣬ЯһͻȻǰ
ˣ
⵽Ҷһ£Ӧһ˿ٻ
Ȼת˲֮ͻָѣֹУ΢ı仯ġ
ҶӡһƣĽָһӡҶֱƵƵʩչͬһУͽ䶷̨˱


1687 
̫ǿˣҶǰûм֮ʵ̫ˣ
ǰĲԹʵǸ޷ֲͨģ
ĿҶһƻƵһĻһڰĿ̨˴˷ĵȫҶ˵ʵ
ƣ
ŵ䶷̨⵽ͬ鷴ɣ岻ѵƣһɳ˿̨Լٶȳߣιһŵҩȶơ
Ҷɨһصƣû¶һ˿֮ģһ䶷̨ص˿̨ϡ
棬еڶԣ
ְսİ׷ߣһҶ
ڵһڶĶԾעĿ
ΪԾ˫嶥ţһµԼ嶥Źź衣
ǶˣǶڵѡǵǰʥսմﵽ˶壬ǰҡ
ź裬û뵽ôˣ
ɫۣƮƮĿƽؿɫۣ˫΢΢Щף˫񣬷·̺Ĺź裬˵
ǰҲû뵽ôһ־ң
ź˵ϲϲ޷ĵʵ뷨
ź裬дԣ㽫˼££Ŵµͨж
˵֮ʣƷ·һˣǹ籡壬µսⲨռҵĲµϢ˲˲ϲĹź衣
ʧģ
źһʯԭضͷǿƶûκεӰ졣
ûȻŴ˵еͨ
ս崫ڹ壬ս޵֪ͨĿ£
ڹϹʷУҲо֮ͨɣﵽֲĳ̶ȣһͨʥ޷ƿķ˵£ڲܡ
磬˵źʦܻʤ𣿡
սʫʫҲûкøУźЦ
źˣӦлʤĿܣƾ˵ˣս޵ҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôսʫʫʵ
Ϊ壬˴ΰսеģһ˺ĵƣȷս޵һ
ƣź裬Ҽʶ£綥ŵʵΣ
Ҷ˫б⣬Զ֮ĶԾڴ
ʼ
Ű׷һ£һĳǹУһǹֱ̳˺䶷̨ռ䣬˹źĺ
ƺⳡԣһͶƷͨʥսǹ
ǵȻȻʵˣźҲһǵܣȫ˵
׻ƿռĳǹϳǹ

ƴǹâźû㣬ǽת˼£һΡߴ󣬷·֮Ĺľֳ壬ķ
ͣ
еİսǹźĹľӰײһ𣬿µӰϵػŰսǹĹ
ƣ
Ʊһ켶ͼֳ壬˴ĵƣ˰սǹУһǹĹҪƵӰ
ǣ
ȫ£źٻӰϵѣµǹâ͸ӰϵعŹź塣
սǹƷͨʥǹâ󣬵ڹźʱȴһ·Ƥһķֵ֮ס޷˺ź塣
Ȼ鴫
ʶźķڵսӵǿң쳤ХһӸ߸ߵԾǿĵ⣬ְֳսǹ͵ĹҪԵĹƵźʩչĹ
ƴ̳ǹâԶأƾģźʩչĹӵ졣
ŹźиֵĹľϵҡҷһϯ£ҵĶԳƴǹâĹ
սӰ
Եķס͵Ĺź˫ͻȻ̫ҪĿĹâ˫ֿٵŤ˲һµӡǿĹչӳơ
ಣ
սӰϮƹϵıУеİսǹһڴеµķϵش̴ŹսӰƽŹźĹ
죬̸
սӰԵĹƵź˫ٴŤʩչܵĹͨƾջûһΡߴĹľͷϸơ
գ֮䣬̸γһβƵΣ棬һͨʥӸ乥塣
֣֮ƣ
̸Σ³һҫĹ֣Я֮Σһش׳ƣ
Ʒͨʥϵжٱ
ͷйƻ֣֮ΡߴĿ̨˴˷ĵ
Ҫ֪֮ŽƷͨʥƷͨʥѼһ˾òĽĳ
ƿϸΣƽ켶ͼڽ֮Уֵ֮Ĺɱ˹ź衣
ۿ˵ֺ֮ڹźϣͻȻźſͣ³һͨɫһĹľֵסֵ֮Ĺ
ľźı֮Ȼһľ
Źź³ֵֵ֮ĺɫľܶϳľ
ľʮľ֮һȺӵ֮ͨҪշѣźշľľϿɣԸ
ź裬صĹȻҪ㣬Ҫó汾ˣ
Źź³ĺľսⲻ߰ĳХһְֳսǹٴδ


1688 ì
ħǹ
һǹ̳ƵĹ˲ﵽ˼£µǹâż⣬ħ֮һǹ˺ľϡ

⵽һǹľд쳹ʡ
һĺӰɳ˺ľѿѪҧȫơ
֮ƣ
֮䣬֮ƳƵ壬˺ӰǿһӰˡ
ս
ƺ͹ź輤ҶԹʱԳǿʵͻȻУݵ£ʩչ崫ͨ˲ݻ̬죬ɱź衣

źһӵ£ȫսĹ
޾֮ҫµĹùźһ˿ʧأܿƵĺ
ȻʧأźԳֹķסδˣÿ̨ϵĹ̾ΪֹԾĿ¡
ķƹδˣǹͨս޵ипĽźĳ
ͨ
һԵҶ粻ɵõһ
˵ͨĹÿһͨһʱѹ׵ĵơ
ʹ죬ҾͿĶӲҵì
û뵽崫еĹ˾ˣսⲻ߰ĳХһְֳսǹϮ
ҡ죡
źһסڷѪƸֳľҵҡγ˵µռ䣬һǹǿһǹĹ
źһս춯أÿ̨ϵĹڴΪ񫡣
ȻƳٳ޷ƿûȡѹƣ۹˻ǿûжǿĵơ
սٱն
ҶԳ˰ʱս߰ٴɰٵ˵Щںһ𣬴ŰٱƵ֮նҡҷյĹľ
ǣ
ܰٱնڹźǰĹӰ顣
ۿٱնЯǿٹź豾ϣź豾֮ľһĺЯſµײ˰ٱնɱơ
⣡
ľǿһͬСɣûйźǰ̬ķֻܶõƽз⿪ӡʱһǿ뵽Уƶʵڽ˲Խ˶񾳽硣
ħǹ
ΰħӰֳ壬һǹ̳ħӰںǹϣ˻Ϯĺľϡ
䣡
䶷̨з·һҡأµıըڶ֮ȵĺˮΧ磬ؽƲϵز
ڲĽƣǳܲס˵Ĺ˵Ѻۡ
ħ࣡
һǹ˺ľʱƻ˿µħʵٴαǣְֳսǹգ͵ź跢
Ƶʵˣʧȥģ׼һսˣ
ƵĹƱһʼʮ̨ϲ۹˲µֶ˵ս
ƳˮĹźһʯ֮ȫŰϸûһ˿¶
ħ࣬
๥޹սǹںһ𣬴̳˾׵һǹ
һǹ̳䶷̨еĿռ䷢˱˵µһͿ
ʮط
оһǹĿ£ź轫ת£ǿʮطֵһǹĹ
ǣ
ƴ̳һǹźʮطϵ飬µ͸ѵķϵغŹź壬ʧأϵغˣӽ䶷̨Ե
ź豻ƾһǹˣǿȻδƣźҲܵˣ˼ʶ˹崫µͨǺεȵĿ¡
ɹź䶷̨ԵƵĹƲְֳսǹȫѹŹź裬һ˿ϢĻᡣ
ҪͨԽԽǿĹź˳䶷̨ȡⳡսʤ
죡
ۿˤ䶷̨ź費ϧ۵ȼǿʥ飬ʵޣΡߴĹľľںһŤתŲ죬ſռ䣬ɱƣҪˡ
źһ춯أÿ̨Ϊ֮𾪣ûĴɱУΪеŬ֮
ħ࣬ޣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ƵĹҲʩչħݻǿһУһǹǰĿռ仯Ϊޣӭ˹źʩչĹ졣
䣡
ǿĹײһ𣬱ſռ䣬Ĳǿ֣ϴɵ䶷̨ҵزš
ɢȥռѺ޸ʱ̨ϵĹڿɫ԰һֵưԵޱȵվ䶷̨ϣźȴɿµĶײ䶷̨˱


1689 ҶVSħһ
źʦְˣûܴ漣ƣ
ŵ䶷̨˲صĹź裬ս޵̾ϢһΪźʧܸеϧ
Ȼź˱ǿķڳΪ֮̾ƹ̫죬µĹź輸ڲ֮ء
ֵˣ
ʶƺ͹źҶŵʵ˴˽⣬վ
Ҷ֣ħԹƴħһĹ»֮ϣһύмСģ
ս޵жħһЩ˽⣬Ҷ׼ǳʱ
һСĵģ
˿ռر仯Ҷʩչռؽķǿս죬ƷʥȼպѪ彫ﵽƷʥ£ټϽսµķħһҪҲûôס
˵ţҶ̤գһ˫˫Ŀע£ɣµ䶷̨ȥ
һսپƣ
ȻҶȡóһûŷû˿ħɨһҶ磬
İɣɱϣʱԣħһ͸ŨŨɱ⣬ûнҶ
Ҷ磬ĺԽˣħһɣ
ܸҶ磬ʧȥʸ޷ҧгݵʮڴҶѪһĻ
޷ħһʤ
ƿŰȻվ䶷̨ϣûһ˿Ҷ磬ʵ
磬òҶЦɡ޷˵
Ҷѹ˶óһĿɲƻ˵˵ҶڰսʥдһȻ˵лҶľ԰գʱҶֻǵ磬ﵽǵ硣
ȻҶͨͻ˾磬ħһ֮䣬вԽʵ࣡޷˵
ô˵ҶԻʱȫ𣿡ƻ˵ҾҶܲ򵥣ħһ֮ıԣҶ
ܣǾҶֻħһϣ޷ҡҡͷ
ǾĿԴɣ
ƺһƮɢŵĲˮĿƵؿҶ磬˵
ĲңΪһɱ㡣
һϮۣɢŨŨɱħһҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ôһЩνҲϲɱˣҶЦһԵ
û뵽㻹һ˼ˣϣһ㻹˵Цħһͳ˵ȴԽԽ䡣
׼ˣʼ
׷߿һԵĶˣ
ಣ
׷߻䣬ҶħһͬʱˣǻûõĲӰٶȾ˵ײһ
䣡
Ҷڳڽˣµ緢ĻɽݺݵغħһĹ
ô
ħһɱͬ£ҶӲȴδռһ˿ˣ¶֮ɫ
ӲһƽɫͬʱУµȭͷײһ
ˣ
˵ȭͷÿһײıըǶǰš
ɱ¾ѧ
âɱ˶ʮȭ˭δκ˭ħһϵʩչħ崫µѧ۳һɱĺɫȦս
䣡
սħһһȭµ˲ѹҶӲˡ
ÿµɱ⣡
Ҷİɲ޹ħһʩչɱ¾ѧ֮ͬȴԶħһΪɱ¾Ȧ֪ɱ˶ˡ
֮飬ɣ
оƿԼķ壬Ҷ֮ڵٻǬ󣬻˽Ϯ
ħ޺ۣ
ܼǬ֮ϮħһгһīûеУʮֿħһնħɱںһһնǬ꣬ƾ˵նҶ硣
켶꣡
Ҷһ켶ӳĻ꺣һɳħ޺ӳɱâ
찡ҶȻ򵥣Ľ꾹Ȼɱʥ꣡
Ҷٻ켶͸ŵĺ⣬ΡߴĿ̨ϲϵԾҶԽ
ǬǬһ
Ҷ켶ڽǬУǬĹһʮɳǿľ޽նħһ
Ǭնħһӿ˿µɱֳħ޺նȥǿĹƿǬ޽ҶĹ
Ҫң̫ԶħһХһڣҵĹˡ
˵ţɱ¾ѧݵ£۳ɱ¾Ȧսֳħ޺Ҷ緢͵Ĺ
ħһԹڼɱ¾ȦĹﵽ˼µĳ̶ȡ
һնռѣµĵâһ٣һδնǬ͵ĹҶ磬ȫѹĹƣڽڵİˡ
磬˵Ҷ廨ͷɣħһĶ֣ħһ͵Ĺ䵽䶷̨ԵҶ磬޷¶˽Цݡ
䣬ҶϵںѪͻԪ飬˲佫ʵһǵ񾳽硣
һ̣ٻ˿̻ŰٵƵķħ֮նħһ
ħħ޺նһʱħб޵нӲħ޺۵Ĺµħһ


1690 ǿսǿ
ħһˣҶȻʵ
˼Ϊһߵľ棬û뵽Ҷ羹ȱ£
ħһҶһˣ̨ϵĹ¶˳Ծ֮ɫƵŵ˵ء
⣬ܣСôʱ̱ħһ޷ϵЦˣ޷ǰһĻ
޷ҿͨıϣҶеĽֵȼ
۾б⣬ضſ̻ŷƵķħʵ
ѵƷͨʥ޷ϸһ£Ҳоħ֮˵
ûпǰѽ̻ƣȼ³ԽƷͨʥﵽƷͨʥȼƵ
Ʒͨʥⲻܰɣ
Ʒͨʥ綼ʮ󣬶ƿڸУС޷ӵС
Ҷ粻򵥣Ҳһ磡Ҷ磬Խоء
磬ΪʲôǴδأ޷ɻʵ
̫ˣ̫ʿҲҶɢ֮ͽƳ˼һµ²Ҷݡ
ֵܶ˵ʱħһҶ貵һײһ䶷̨Ͽգ⡣
һħһɱ¾Ȧ˼£ȻҶħֵס
Ʈ
ֵסħһɱУҶʤ׷Ĵ켶ͼֳ壬һĴ켶ͼӿ˷ħУݻһ޵еĽգնħһ
ħһԵĹǿƵƮʱҶͻȻٶȣ˻һƥеĽâһĺ
ħһħ޺۵ǰֵҶһ̳Ľâʱڽˣ͸޺ص˫У˫۳һ˿飬ӸǺһ
켶꣬ն
ħһҶ繥ƲĹ£͵ĹħһˮĹƶʱѹħһ
ħɱ¾дħһĹ֮ϣҶ羹ȻԵĹѹסħһ⾪˵һĻ˿̨ϵĹڣǲϷ
ǬǬһ
ħһϵɱ¾ѧҶ糱ˮĹʱҶͷǬٴڻһ𣬻޵еǬ޽֮ն
䣡
ħһͷĿռҲѺͷѣµĳħһ壬ֺȫѪ
Ҷ磬ҵСˣֵҶõƶԸ㣡
ħһǿаסڶѪٲ׾ǿĵʵ
ɱ¾ħ飬ڣ
ħһһںƷͨʥɱ¾ħ飬ٵʵ
գ֮䣬ħһʵͿԽһħ񣬴ﵽ˶ħ۷֮ɱ¾Ȧøӿ£Ⱦ˺ɫ
ɣ
ħһһЯħնҶ磬Ҫһɱ
Ѫȼգ
ħһĵƣҶҲһ˲ȼǿĺѪӲʵ˶ǵֳַħӲĹ
䣡
Ӳһٴƽɫ˭δκ˭
ţôᣡ
ħһΪĵƣȫѹԵƻҶ磬ӲһҶʵԾҶĵ̡
ħһ˵ԹǾͱƴ£˭Ĺ£
Ҷ켶ڽ˷ħУǿм˷ħаٵơ
ţĴ켶ͼݵ£ֳַħȫħһҵɱ
޷ħһʤ𣿡
ƿżɱĶˣ¶һ˿Цݵ
⣬Сĵô˵
޷޷ܣҶʱûжȫвǿҵС
˵ˣҶѹˣĿɲʵСƻ˵ħһҲ򵥣ʩչɱ¾ѧϳ˵ĹУҶЩͷۡ
ҶħһԿս죬ǿսǿʱħһӶħ޺ںһ𣬼ǿɱһµĿռѺۣնҶ硣
䣡
ħһһѿռնҶ罫ȫ£İڽһצѪĵӭȥ
ѵҶ壡
Ҷ绯ѪӭħһһĻֱӾվ
ôܣΪڶ磬ôŲμӰս䣡޷ɴ˫ۣӢ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ƵüͷҲһ̽˼
䣡
ıڶ
Ҷ绯Ѫħһħ䶷̨ϿռҵĶԳ⣬µγ޾ķ籩ϯ񷣬ſռ䣬µ˲طơ
ԼʮҶ绯ѪħһħͬʱˣߵķݣӰ׹ݺݵ䶷̨ϣƽɫ


1691 ħһ
ܺãû뵽㾹Ȼ壡
ħһӵøɾѪҶݡ
ҶҲûйĽͣһסӿϢֳַħħһ
ոӲһҶȻҲˣ̫ǿԶûħһأټϺѪİڽԵѹħһ
䣡
ħһֳħ޺ۣӲҶնµ͸ص޺۵˫У˫۳صоӸǱҶ籬ˡ
찡ⳡЦĲҶɣ
ħһûĵƣҲпܸܰҶ磡
ħһҶĽڽڰˣ̨ϵĹȫ˵ʵԭļЦȫ̾ȡ
ɱ¾ѧΪɱ񣡡
ܲסҶ籬ħһϧ۵ȼǿʥ飬ʥ֮ɱ¾ѧݻͨ
һʱ䣬ɱħһбһ޵еɱֳ壬һʵ
ħһҪƴˣⳡʤϾҪֳˣħһʩչĵҲ޷Ҷ磬ȥƿŻɱħһ˵
磬ھ˭Ӯ
ȻԸţ޷ǲòϣҶʵȷʵ֮ϡ
ҾҶа˳ɻʤĿܣħһֻɣ
Ȼȼʥ飬ɱ¾ѧɱħһܿ£Ҷȴûпһ˿ţһָоҶ绹еûжá
µɣ
ȫſɱںڳħһĿ׺ݵؿҶ磬ɱȻ
ô㻹Σ
ҶЦһȼʥһʵ
ɱ¾ħն
ħһŭһɱ¾Ȧݵĵںһ𣬻һݹصĺɫħնҶ硣
һն£ħնĿռ׷׷ѣµĵ£Ҷһִĸо
ռؽ
ħһնɱ¾ħնҶûӭǽռ֮˲ǰγ˰ٵռƣֵɱ¾ħն
ǣ
ɱ¾ħնҶǰĿռؽʱ˲ʮռƣҶ罫ռؾ磬ʩչʩչռؽķǿȫֵסħһʩչĴɱС
ħһ̣ҶЦһҹƲ̸ʲôҡ
ɱ¾ħն
ħһɫһ䣬û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼĵƣٴɱ¾ѧħն
Ȼɱ¾ħնĹһȻ޷ƿҶʩչĿռؽ޷˺Ҷֺ
ҿҶδ̫˰ɣ
ǰҶ繥ħһź裬ټĪٶȣûȱˣ
ɱ¾ħն
ħһģɱ¾ѧݹصħն˺ƿռĿռѺۣ֮նҶ硣
꣡
һħһʩչɱ¾ħնȫƿҶʩչĿռؽ
ռؽ˲䣬Ҷ̤ʩչĪٶȳУץסߵĻᣬ͵ķ
ã߽
һգ񽣺䣬µĽݻŲãһأһնħһӲɱ¾ѧȫ
ħһԵĹǿնҶʩչĲã߽ʱҶһŤգħһͷ̤˰Ե˫İԽţ
һ̤ﰧµİԽݻµĵƣھ֮һŲħһִټ䷢ĹһŴӰв档
Խţ
һŲħһҶ°Խ͵Ĺһƾ˵Ĵӡϵزȶ壬ơ
ɱ¾ħ飬ƣ
ħһܹܴ裬ŭһٻɱ¾ħҶµİԽҶ硣
Ǭն
Ҷ켶ڽǬУǬǿĹǬ޽Ӳɱ¾ħĹ
Ǭ޽һɱ¾ħʱҶǿķ˺ؿ񱩵ƽħһ͵Ĺ
ҶһʩչµĽһֱŷİڵˮĹƱħһڽڵİˣ䶷̨Ե
ɱ¾ħն
ۿħһҶԽԽǿĹ䶷̨ħһƣǿĵħնǰĿռ䣬ȫնҶ硣
ռؽ
Ҷٴνռ֮ǰγ˰ؽƣɱ¾ħնĹ
Ʈ
ħһʩչɱ¾ħնǿնռؽʱҶһαƽħһݻĴ켶ͼնƮЯ޾ĵ̣նħһ
ۣ
㲻ħһҶʩչƮ壬ȻƷͨʥս»˴󲿷ֹǱ̺֮Ľâˣ˴Ѫ䵽䶷̨ıԵ
ħһȥˣ
ƿƼصħһҡҡͷ˵
Ҫ
ɱ¾ħն
ۿħһȫǱնյǿһݹصħգҪȫϮҶ롣
Ԫն
ħһʩչǿһ˲䣬ҶӶһֱۣǿ˺ħһͷĿռ䣬ٻһԪնն
ƽʱħһʵɷԪն
ǿʩչɱ¾ħնּأȫڣֵסԪնĹ
ۣ
ħһĴԪն壬صˤ䶷̨˱
ʩչɱ¾ħնҶ̤ܿδܸҶһ˿˺


1692 Ŀ
ˣħһˣ
ŵ䶷̨ƲħһȻ޷ţڴħһ䡣
磬۹Ҷصú޷̾Ϣһ
޷Ҷħһ˼ʵĿɫݵҶ磬ʵ
ôҶûжȫ
ҶħһѾ˳ԾˣǾ̫ˡ
϶ûоȫȻħһôᣡƵǲ֪յĵʲô
磬Ҿ֪һӮģ
Ҷ̤շص䶷̨ʱһ§ס˵
Ҷֵܣ̫ˣħһĶ֣ɱǿ㽫õĽս޵бҶʵ۷˵
ҶǿĽȤֻҪ浤ͻʯҶҡҡͷ
ս޵У
ˣڽǿһ
ִ˴ΰսİ׷Ҳû뵽ҶЦһۣ
ģҪ︺ȫһսɣ
ȻĽͻƵһǵ񾳽磬֮仹вСʵ࣬ҪܻѶȼ󣬱Ө
İɱ㣬һȫԸ
Ļվ벻ԶҶһۣɢŵ߲֮⣬ߵľŮߵ䶷̨Ŀ࣬ȫſĻңӡ
һ֪˭Ц󣡡
ҵϣӮϾս
ѣ죬ƺųܳˣдţһħħ֮Ѫӵɽ֮
ɢǿƣҶԳĶˣ˲²˭Ц󣬲˻ǿû졣
ģһ˵Ůˣ
ɫΧŴ֮ƣ˫պ֮³޾׵ģƲɵøп
ô磬ŮȤ޷¶һ˿Цݵ
޷ɲҪСģݿɲ򵥣ҵõϢĻʥصʥŮ͸¶һҪϢ
ʥʥŮ޷üͷһƣ¶֮ɫ
磬ֻʥأֱ𻯹ʥأʥʵǿ¶ʥʥŮر֮
ƶ̸ʱյһԿʼˡ
ĲңΪҲϧģ
˵ţ챬˵ֳڽصķ컭ꪣſµġ
칭
Я֮Ϯٻ칬֮Ʒͨʥȼ칭ǿĵ˹ңһǰĹ˻졣
أ
ϮͫΣյ״Ӷ컭͵նһꪷĹ
һ֮ļ칭һǹɱŻ죬Ҫ칭֮ƻ죬ѰĻᡣ
⵽칥ܵ˼ѹƣȻȫӶ컭ǿڽڵİˡ
ħ壡
һͱĽ칭ƣΪջ𣬲ٲ׾ʩչ˻崫ͨ仯˻ǿħ壬ӼٱǵͬʱҲڽڽڵܿڽ
䣬ꪣ
仯ǿħ壬߸ߵԾеķ컭ӳɹâһն£ҵĿռгһعµӰնġ

ȫĵ⼫ݻ޳˫ֿٵŤϴһ֮ӡ˾ӰӲƵ˻Ĺ
ʵսĹȻǿߣ
ĿǿƵ칥һĻ˳Ծľ˵ʵ
磬˵ĽӮ𣿡
գŴ۾Ŵģʵ
ѣ
Ҷ콻֣֪ʵǺεȵĿ£˵ûҶĳ֣ʱʵֻʩչлΌ
ʯʵ
ٴαƣȫŭ˻죬ںƷͨʥʯһһ磬ڽӶ컭նġ
ʵٴαǣĴ˼Σգòݵ£ֳ߲ʷȫӭ
䣡
ʹ䶷̨ҵɱµײγɻײ䶷̨쵴
칭ɱ
ս˰ʱĵĹƽѹƣһ칭ھѪ칭ǿĹ󣬿ɶյ˻졣
䣬췣
챩һʩչݻǿһС
ͨԻʵʩչ췣Ϊȫʩչʱ䶷̨Ŀռ䷢˾ޱ䣬µ췣֮ϯռ䣬ɱɫġ

̼飬ᵽŨŨвļٵתǰγһǽ췣Ϯ
̫ǿ췣֮ﲻƣγɵķǽϵ顣
ۣ
ǽ飬ı췣֮ϣȫʧأ䶷̨˱
ģҶɫһ䣬˲䶷̨£ɫҰûһ˿Ѫɫķĵʵ㻹ðɡ
ģû£
һһĨ԰׵ЦݣҶվ
˼û뵽лбȻ췣ľ󲿷ֹ
˵ģԵƥĻ¶֮ɫĻзƣݻ췣Ҫ
죬ĵĳһģҶĿؿŻ죬˵
ҵ㣡ĴЦһ


1693 ս
ˣıʽаǩһºа
˵ţ׷ƯĿŰɫҶ˽ѡ
۵֣һŹʥսϿյĹֳĶԾ
һҶƣڶҶԻ졣
߰ɣǻغС
Ȼģչ¶˵ʵҶˣʱͬգҶ绹ڰܻ죬ġ
Ҷ磬û뵽ǻˣûܰˣ
Ҷ뿪սʥսʱˣԼĶ֣¶һ˿Цݡ
ڻƣҶֱӣûۿ죬Ƶһ뿪ˡ
Ҷһ˸ոջصɫˣĪİĺСҶһҲˡ
Ҷ֣ϲ֪мɰջǻ죿ҶҵҶ磬ףغʵ
ţҰգҶ粻յƣ˼һ£ص˵
ҽ͸Ҷ֣Ҷмɰջǻ죡
ȻҶֻܻ죬޻Ƶİգ׼ҶһݻԵܻ졣
ǡѪľ
Ҷóһ۴֣׶೤ͨɫεĹľֳϢ
ѪľľԼʮľʥ֮Ѫ̺žĻ֮ѪֵȰ浤
ǻѪľһԵ֮żȻõҶʱһ¥Ҷ˵ֻҪҶֱ֤ܻ죬Ҿͽ͸㡣
ãҿԱ֤ذɣҶ˵ͷ֤ҲռˣͨѪ֥͸ɡ
˵ţҶ罫ޱͨѪ֥Ǭȡ˶ҪĻѪľ
Ҷ֣ǻ֮ͨһսʱмСУܸĶ
󣬵ҲжԿеĵƣѪľذɣҶ΢΢һЦ¶ŵЦݵ
һᣬҶصΪŵĶԺһصǬĲռ䣬׼ڶʮʱпٵѪľת䡣
ҶǬʱ壬ͨʼ̽Ҷ磬֪Ǹ
˽Ҷ˲࣬룬ڤʮǶ칬ֶСУʹ޷ĵϢ
ƣҶһսشֻʤܣܸҲ˴ΰսһҪˣ
һɫۣ˫޻ףΧһȦĶ
ˣ峤ϣǴ˴ΰսҪˣʵﵽ񾳽硣
֪ҶһսҲܵģ
ƺһ裬˵ƽ޷Ħʵ뷨
߳ϣҶ𣿡ƷеĲ豭
ûУҶʮأһʱʵݣ߳ҡҡͷҲûϵʵǻĶ֣̭⡣
߳ϣ㲻Ҷ磿ζԶʵ
ƣѲɾҶʤļʸ󣡡߳˵
Ҷ֮ʤҲ²ҶصƵ»ħһܲ򵥣Ҫûôף˵
ãڵһǺηʥ߳һ
ʱһȥ
ҶڶʮʱУתת䣬ŻѪľ
ھת£Ѫľ˾Ҷ˵ѨϣλڶѨУս졣
ӵħ֮޻Ҫ£ҶҪҪһϣ
ѪľȻǿ֮һȻѨ鷢ʱ䣡
Ҷ֮һѪľں˴Ѫ鷢ʱ䣬仯ս飬ҶʵҲ֮
ȥʮʱķ֮һѪľҶ磬ɹս죬ֱӱǵһʮڽǴﵽ˼Ʒ
ɱ䣬ҶȻѪľḶ́ŬʣµĻѪľѹ飬һڽһѨͥѨС
ķ֮ĻѪľɾĻѪڽͥѨʱȥʮ죬˰ӡ
ٸһʱ䣬ӦþܽѪľȫͥѨսԲˣ
ҶһȻΪʱޣδܽսԲ磬ʵһǰǿֹ
죬׼𣿡
Ҷ۾ȼս⣬뿪ǬƵˣ˰սʥս׼


1694 ҶVS
ʼ
Ҷ˵һڰĿ̨ϯʱ׷߳д
ͣ
ĿŻվս߰ҶΪľ
ģʵ
Ҷ¶һЦݣ̤µĽͼ䶷̨
Ҷƣ˼֪˭Ц󣡡
ҾƻʤĿܽϴ󣬱ϾƿǴ˴ΰսĶţ
ǰеİսھϾ󲻵ĵƣҶҪ̫ˣ
Ź°䶷̨Ķˣ̨ϵĹڲϵԤ˻ǿƣоЦ
磬˭Ӯ
㼫Ůҧһһ߾׽һʵ
ʵ֮ʤӦ忪ҸомµĵƣǸƣҶԵֵ
Ҷ˫ĿɨҶƣ΢΢Ҷ
Ҷϣһύ֣㲻Ҫʧ
ĿƽؿȣΧŵ֮Ҷƽ͸ޱǿҵİ
ģҲκʧ
Ҷ¶ŵЦݣݵػӦ
ϣˣ
쳤Хһǿĵ籡壬ͷ㼯һƬ䶷̨Ͽȡ
ƹȻĴ⾹Ȼ޽ӽʥˣ
ͷĵҶҲɵ¶֮ɫһָоѾʥıԵ
׼ˣʼ
ԣʾĶˣ׷߿ؽƣһְʼ
ʼҶƶûжͬʱǿĵ⣬˶ԷƴԵ
¡¡
ͷĵ֮ҵطһµĵ֮ӣзҪûҶ
ԱӿϮĵ֮ӹҶٵŵ⣬һſµĵУŤգֵϮĵ֮ӡ
ǿĵײһ𣬶ʱγ˿µĵ籩ǧмҵĶԳ⡣
û뵽ͺʵԵң
Ʋϵݻǿĵ⣬ҶҶԳ˰ʱ䣬δѹʧȥġ
ˣ
ղһ¡
һٻƷͨʥսǹµսǹһ˺˼ҶԳĵ籩ֱҶ
ն
Ҷ˫б޾Ľ⣬Ʒͨʥӳ壬ںǿĵ⣬ն̶ֱİսǹӲֵס˰սǹĹ
սǹնˣһ粽ץס˰սǹٵ趯֯һƾ˵ǹâ͵عҶҪѹĹơ
ҶȻƵһ磬ֻǵ۷ʵҶսȴƶ٣֯һǹâҶţֳƷͨʥȫӭ䶷̨мҵɱ
ڶ˹ٶ̫죬һʱ䣬䶷̨гһõӰӣϵطżҵײۻҵĹÿ̨ϵĹڴ񫣬ԽԽ
Ҷ̫ˣԹȻδ·磡
ƵżҲɱʾҶɵøп
Ƕֻ̽ûжȫ͵ƣ
ҶżɱĶˣҲʱٵݣǵĹʽ
âʾļɱ˰ʱҶĹƽƿƣҲһԶɽǹâˡ
֮
ƱѹƵ˲䣬ҶӿһصƵķֱӺĻ꺣Уһһ˿ٻ
Ƽ
ץסת˲ŵĻᣬҶݻĵΪһ壬һĽâµߺɱơ
䣡
һ
ҶʩչƼըµϵƵķڽڵİˣһѪ˳˳
찡ˣ
Ҷδ̫˰ɣȻôƣ
ĿƱҶ˵һĻ̨˴˷ĵȫǰһĻ
û뵽㻹ȵƣЩСˣ
ȻҶˣƵսⲢδ˫б⣬Ҷ˵
ҲܲʩչƼȻܵˣ
ƣҶȴһ˿ϲɫ¶֮ɫ
ڷӦٻ£ֵסƼ󲿷ֹĿ¡
ˣǿʼĽɣ
˵ţƽ⿪һصʵڽܿ쳬Խһ񣬴ﵽ˶£ΧƵĵӵĿ¡
Ҷһǹ
ƱһеİսǹںһһĺһǹҶؿڣµǹҶɫ΢䣬ֳƷͨʥȫ


1695 ʤ
ݣ
һĿĽâϷѳҶ壬ٶȾ˵նƴĺɫǹâϡ
ǹâ̫£Ҷ֯Ľâ޷ɫǹâϵ顣
ˣ
ɫǹâҶеƷͨʥײһ𣬿µĶԳ֮˲ռ䣬ÿռѿѺۡ
ӲƴľһǹҶ飬µǹ˲뵽ֱУֱƤ˺ѣ͸Ѫ
ӣǱµǹâýڽڰˡ
һǹҶƳʤ׷ٴδ̳ǹâҶҪƳ䶷̨
ʯ
Σʱ̣Ҷĵƣںλһ̺ʯͷʯͷʵ
һǵ񣬶ǵ񡭡
Ҷʯͷȫںʱʵﵽ˶ǵ£Ʋ£͵Ĺ
ʯû뵽𻯹͸㣡
ҶɢϢµҶ˺εȵĵƣҲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
𻯹֮¶Ĺʯдԣʯ֮ʱ̺֮ʯǿɳԽȼ
ʯʯݻһʯȻʯԶûʯǰ̺ͬ£һͨʥԱġ
֪Ҷĵƣ֪Լܲ׾ˣҶʯܿԼⳡ
֣֮
һƷͨʥ֮Ƴ壬һҸ߿յ£Ҷ
޽̣
ŷϮ֣֮ҶƳʮ֮ͨʮѽȫﵽƷͨʥȼټϽֱƷͨʥ
䣡
°ֱ֮Ҷƴ޽նˣµĽˮϯ£նɫ΢ƣȫ㡣
޽̣ռ䣬ն
˲䣬Ҷƴ޽̼ٹһͨʥռ䣬ȫ塣
û뵽Ҷȵƣ
ʵǣƴ޽͹ҶҶԾĵ̡
ҶȻռ˾ԵƣҶ֪ƿ϶еδã¹˭ֻ֪
ڽ𣡡
ƹƱҶѹƣڽڰʱٻһƣһɫһ׶೤֮ëֳ塣
ɫëںھѪʱëϵر仯һֻɫĴ
⣬ѵ嵱ףõǸڽ𡣡
пܣڽڽԼһɵıӵڽĲͨʮֵĿ£
ڽûĴ񣬲۹ϳë
ণ
չ߷ɵĴ񷢳һ̶ӭ˴Ĵ޽̣ҪԵĹ˺ƴ޽̵Ĺ
֮𣡡
ۿڽ˺ƴ޽̵ĹҶͷ֮ڽ˴޽УŴ޽̵ĹһٰĽâնڽӲնѿѺۡ
ħǹ
û뵽Ҷʯ˿£ڽ𶼵ֵסĹְֳսǹҪԵĹƴ޽̣Ҷʩѹ
ƺڽ͵ĹµĹҷ˳һС
ҶʾʯŴ޽̵Ĺȫӭƣ䶷̨ҵɱ
ħ࣡
ٻڽȻҶѹƣƱ仯ǿħ֮սϧļ
˵Ҷ֮ļսǴ˴ΰսʵһսչ¶սòһԾѡ
Ϊ˻ܶԷʹ˻ƵǶ˵ս൱ʼ޷˶Է
ʱ⣬ںʯҶһ¶ڹϽѹסơ
ûһսҲܣ
ŹƱҶƵƣҶҲɵóԾҶĵƺս
޽̣ڽһ
סƣҶȫĵݵ£ʮƷͨʥںһ𣬻һ޵еĴ񽣣ٰĵ⣬һգһ
һ֮£ǰĿռһƬյشȻ䶷̨ռ䶼ܲסһݡ
ħ࣬
оһĿ£սǹںһ𣬴̳Խ񷶴ǹâ
ڽҲʱȶž޴ĳȫײȥ
䣡
ǿĹײһ𣬿µ䶷̨ռ˻ң˲طơ
ӲҶͬʱˣڽǳ˵Ѻۣ㱻ɽĻ֮˺ˡ
޽̣ն
ҶʯϯĻ֮ƿƴ޽̼Ҫһƣȡⳡսʤ
ȻҶأеδãžնĴ޽̣Ʋòĵơ
ҶⳡԽˣ
˵ţٻһŹϵĻͼŻͼʱͼһƵƷ˾֮ϮĴ޽̣ɫҶ
ĵƹҶʯȫ
漶þѪ̻ģ£Ҷ˲Ϣ䷢ĹֵסƵĹ顣
ۿƻҶ壬ʱʯʯ˴󲿷ֹ
˲䱬֮Ǻݺݵغϣ˺ֱӽɳ䶷̨ײޱȼӲķƣصˤڵϣźⳡ


1696 ҶVS
ƣƾȵƣ
ٻƣҶһĻҶüͷšһΪҶеϧԾƵĵ̡
Ѷȼ󣬲Ҫķ漶ִľѪҪʱƣҪǣУǿϵʧʼߣ漶Ը˷ʱơ
ħ飬ʵܵƹ𣿡
Ĺžл̻һƣҶͨħеħ飬
ֵסħ鴫Ӧ
ұҪֵұֵסأֵסҿܻʬϣҲ𣡡Ҷ
СӡǲΪԶˣħջ˵
ħ飬Ҫһϵƣҳ£Ҳ⣬УսشֻжĹھõ浤ͻʯܽһʵȥǺѹħܣ帴Ҷ罫ϵħ飬Ѱİ
ðɣҲϧۣħӦÿԵֵһƣ֮ҿҪܳһʱָ
ħ齫ϣҶϣҲϣ£֮£ħЭˡ
ģ򲻵ѣҲᱩ¶ģ
õħŵҶĬĬصϢȴԼİ
ƣһսˣĲ㣬壬һ죬һϴˢճģ
Ҷջʯʵһƣһ仰תɻص˿̨ϡ
Ҷ㻹ðɣ
űѪȾ·ƼصҶһĵʵ
İɣʯһ˴󲿷ƣҵûʲô󰭣Ҷһ˿Цݵ
˵꣬һͨʥͨʥҩƴˡ
棬еڶְ
׷޸䶷̨ΧѺۺ󣬴
ͣһ޷ļһСȭͷҶľ
ģذɣ
Ȼģչ¶˵սսҶ磬ִʵȫĻܻ죬ľ
ҶͣԶ֧㣡
սʫʫҲ׷׿ΪҶ͡
ȥˣ
ҶƵսʫʫ˵˵ͷշ𣬷ԾڰĿ̶̨ƿ䵽䶷̨ϡ
䣡
Ҷոշ䵽䶷̨Ҳµ˲䣬бƥƣɽҶ磬Ҫˣܡ
⵽ͷŵƳҶʯһ˿һ˿Ӱ졣
û뵽ϾȻܴ⣡
ؿҶ磬ȫȻûн
ҷķϻһĶ࣡ŻҶ粢ػӦ
ôΪħһܿңһ֪ʲô
۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫڵսԽԽǿ
ҵţ
Ҷһٻ˷ħصȴʼ
Ű׷һ£ڶˡ
Сӣҵѹɣ
챩һֳڽصķ컭ꪣԿٵ֮նҶ硣
һն£ֲб˲Ϣ֮䣬ӿڽӶ컭ն£ɽܱ롣
ת䣡
⵽쵥Ҷû㣬Ѩϵֳַħӭȥ
أ
رײһ𣬶ʱײ޾Ļҫ۾
ƴҶԶħĻ죬ħĵȼԶڷ컭֮ϣħеƣҶӲֵס˻䵽컭ꪣƽɫ
ʲôҶ羹Ȼס˻Ĺ
찡Ҷ徹Ȼôǿ󣡡
ųƴ˴ΰսһҲǿ󣬶ƴУҶȴʾò˷˾
ӲƴһҶͻͬʱˣٴα֮ӶԵرƴɱһ
ˣ
ɱʱ䶷̨з·һڿµӣ쵴ı
ħ壡
ʵ޷ѹҶ磬콥ʧȥģѪ֮仯˻һǿħ壬ӲڽȫѹҶ硣
ҵҪֵܵҼꪹ
緢Ļɽٱǣֳַ컭ꪼ͵Ӱ˺գһĴɽѹҶĹƣڽڵİˡ
Ѫȼգ
Ʊѹƣ˫۸ǱԽԽ͵ӰˣҶϵȼ˺Ѫ˲ﵽ˼ڽȫѹ˻졣
䣡
ħ뷽컭ײһ˲䱬ڽ͸컭ꪹ뵽˻Уֱ飬ڴ˴Ѫ
ʲô
ʧصĻɴ˫ۣҶϾȻѹԼ
һ˻죬Ҷʤ׷ϵرǿֳַħ͵ն졣
ʱҶ緢ĹϮĺˣһǿһ͵Ĺȫѹ˻죬ڽڵİˡ
ҿҶ羹Ȼѹס˻죬δҲ̫̬˰ɣ
һʱ䣬Ҷȶսħһʱˣǲ󣡡
Ҷ粻Ϸ͹ѹƻ죬̨ϲϵҶ羪˵
ʯںϣ
ۿ챻Ҷ͵Ĺ䵽䶷̨ԵϵںʯӲľ˶񣬽ڽ
Ҫ
ŭڣһסѪڽӶ컭͵Ҷ磬һꪷؽӰֵסҶ͵Ĺ
ˣĶδ̫Сˣ
Ȼսʮ౶Ҷȴһ˿š
˲ںѪͻԪ飬ʵһǵ£ֳַħ죬ɱ


1697 սԲ
̫ǿˣҶͻ̫ǿˣϼˣ
ӷɱĶˣ̨ϵ˱Ƕ˾˵
ģҶôôǿ
޷޷󣬶̶̼ʱ䣬Ҷͳɳĳ̶ȣȱ̬ٶĪ
ҶһǰǿˣҪµöȫĵƲϣ۾б⣬ͬԾҶʵϵı仯
Ҷ켤ɱ˰ʱһαѹơ
ƱѹƣҶ粢δΪڼҵ岫ɱУҶоǿͥѨеĻѪľϱٵںϽͥѨУɱ䡣
ܽսԲ磬սһڵļʡ
Ҫ壡
ȡѹƣ칥Ʋ͵ػӶ컭ꪣնҶ磬ҪҶӲ顣
̫Զ
ȻĹƼ£ɽҶ徭ѪȰͨʥȫס˻͹
𣡡
۾ɱһ뷽컭ںһ𣬻һƾ˵Ӱն˿ռ䣬ھ֮նҶ硣
䣡
Ҷ߾ٷħȻֵס˷컭ꪹ컭˲䱬ǽˣȫѪҵطһѪ˳˳
һնҶ磬ʤ׷Ӷ컭նһɽҶ壬ơ
ȻԵ£ҶƿʼأͥѨںϻѪľٶȴϵؼӿ졣
챬ǿӶ컭䣬ҶҷɳȥʱͥѨȫں˻Ѫľȫɱ˸ǿս飬ﵽսԲ
սԲҶڽ˲һʮڽﱩǵٶʮڽǴﵽ˰ͨʥˮ׼
ھѪҶٴγ˻죬ǿƷͨʥ
䣡
Ҷ緭ȫϮĳˮӿ˷ħУ˰ٵƣȫնķ컭ײһ
ˣ
ֻһҶ˲䱬ýڽڰˣ
ôܣôˣ
оҶ˲䱩ǵɴ˫ۣ¶˻ģ
Ծ֮ʣҶ˷ħ˻졣
鲫ȭ
Ӷ컭ꪣȫֵסħĹʱĴ켶ͼ籡Ҷ壬ٵǿĵ⣬һԲɱȭâɱ˻졣
⵽Ҷ鲫ȭѣµĲȭ֮ϵƽУơ
䣡
Ҷʩչ鲫ȭˣȫŭ˻죬ʩչƿµ䣬ݻſµĹҶ緢͵ķ
Ҷ羹Ȼɱһͻƣ鷳ˣ
оҶĹֹĴ¶˾֮ɫܸΪ쵣
Ǭն
Ҷ˼ɱʱѼƷʥƳҶ壬£صĽӰ˻졣
Ӷ컭ꪣǿ̬ƵǬ󹥻ʱҶͻȻӿıʱ٣̳˾һ
ͣ
ҲĿռгһؽۣµķħݺݵش˻ؿϣµĽֱƽ壬ؿڶһ󶴣ѪܿƵ˳
ˣ
ؿؿѪֹҶһ˵Ļ죬ƵĴϲΪҶ͡
䣬췣
ˣȫŭ˻죬ݵ£ʩչݻǿһС
һն䣬޾ĵӿ壬˻ص췣գɱҶ硣
޼
ΡߴĻľֳҶ壬Ҷһ̳ľҵҡҷγ˴Ļ֮ʩչ췣ײһ
ǣ
䶷̨ռܲסǿĶײϵطݣĿռǳһ׵Ŀռڶ
ͨҶ羹ȻҲһǿͨ
ǻͨ£Ҷʩչ޼סݻ췣һ֤޼Ҳﵽͨĵȼ
˲֪ǣҶ͸޵ԴĻ޼֮ǿҪں˻ľȻһ˵ľˡ
Ǭն
ǿסɽĻ֮ҶǬںһ𣬻Ǭ޽ն£͵Ĺ죬ơ
ռɢȥʱ챻Ǭ޽УһѪصˤ䶷̨ıԵ
죬һнˣˣ
Ҷ粻һ˿ϢĻᣬɱһҪһ


1698 ޵һ
ң±Ӱɣ
һԼĵƣٻһ˵ķǰֵҶɱĻһ
䣡
ڻǰ޵Ӱҡһӣü᲻ɴݵֵס˷ħĹ
޵Ӱֵ˲䣬ΪǱܵһߣӹһ١
ǡԭʼ̥
Ҷԭʼ̥ԭʼ̥ΪϤŻٻ޵Ӱһϳһ߿µԭʼ̥Զʤԭʼ̥
û뵽ϣȻƳֶΣⳡѶûлˣøɾѪŭҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ȴôΪ
Ȼǰԭʼ̥ܿ£ʵ񣬵Ҷȴһ˿š
ԭʼ̥ɱ
첻ƣһѪڽԭʼ̥Уԭʼ̥Ҷ硣
䣡
ԭʼ̥һȭµ˲ѹؿҶ˼в
ռؽ
ҶûӲԭʼ̥ĹǿĿռ֮ǰγؿռƣԭʼ̥Ĺ
ؿռƱԭʼ̥һȭ䴩ʱҶ̤صĻǰ֯ɽӰ͵Ĺ
䣬췣
ѪѪΪýʩչݻǿһҶ硣
һ񣡡
췢췣ϮʱҶ罫Ĵ켶ͼݵ£ڽһС
һ䶷̨ΧеĹߣµĽâ·Խһٿ˻ʩչ췣˻ؿڣϵشƽз
ͣ
Ҷ罫ݵʩչһ̫£ķƲϵ顣
ڻ̤Ĳȫʱĺɫâ˺һؽۣѪܿƵȾ䶷̨
䣡
Ҷ׼ʤ׷ȫʱԭʼ̥ƽҶ磬һǼյȭâ壬Ҷ̤ȫ㡣
ħ壬һ
Ҷ类ԭʼ̥ʱ첻ƣħն˾һһնҶ硣
һն£ռ䷢ŤµӰȫҶ磬òȫ
䣡
ӲӰҶһ鲻Խĺ
ʱԭʼ̥Я֮ٴκ
ռؽ
ԭʼ̥Ĺ̫£Ҷ粻ұ壬ٴγ˰ٵռƣԭʼ̥ȭâ
磬û컹л𣿡
ȻЯԭʼ̥Ĺǿ󣬵Ҷȴû¶һ˿֮ɫҶ磬޷üͷһ𣬵ʵ
ѣҡҡͷҾûʤĻ᲻ˡ
Ҷʵôô죬̶ʱ䣬ͳɳ̶ȣٶȳɳȥƱسΪĴ󻼣޷޷ʵջ˵
İɣҶǳɳģ
֪ܵܣ¶һ˿Цݵ
Ҷͻ켤սȻ׶ʱ첻ϧʮھѪһܵѪ䡣
䣬Ѫ
˫ֿٵŤѪϵر󣬻һѪΣҶ档
һ̣ԭʼ̥µȭâѪУҶ塣
ѪΣҶ޿ɱܣֻܻӶħȫ
κΣԭʼ̥Ĺ̫ˣԶԶ˻죬⵽ȭâҶķܲס˴Ѫ
ȥɣ
Ҷ类ԭʼ̥ˣ첻ƣһ䣬µ췣Ҷ緢һҪһشϮ
֮һ񣡡
Σʱ̣Ҷ綯һֱδõĴɱУ˲伤˷ħǿĹһסѪΣԭʼ̥ȭâһն˼᲻ɴݵԭʼ̥ӭ˻컯췣
ĹôͻȻǣ
оһ˲䣬ҶĹʮ¶˾֮ɫ췣֮⻪һƿǱ˳ȥ
ٷƣ㹻ǿһӣɱ
أ
ѪĻصˤ˵ϣɥʧս֮
ס֣䣡
Ҷ׼ʩչɱУʱһŭĻվ
ʵɲİ׷ҲʱؽƣڻǰҶʩչĴɱУһ
Ѿˣ㲻ظϾɱ
׷˫б⣬עҶ磬˵
ߣųѣɱֻҵĽ
ҶӭŰ׷߱ӣһ仰תɳ䶷̨
ۣ
ҶǰµĻֱӽĸĻѪ˫һڣֱӻ˹ȥ


1699 ʥ
ǿ̬ܻ죬ľҶûڰսʥսôһ˫˫𾪣⣬ע£Ƶս޵е뿪ˣȫ׼һºľ
Ҷ֣û뵽㾹Ȼ˻죬ľ
Ҷһ˸ոջҶĵҲص˺С
˺ܿ£һָоȻ˵ƣҶҪھл»Ҫһʵ
ţƵĵȷʵ£һȫԸģҶ˵ͷ
ϣҶЦ󣬴¢ϰսһ񻰣Ҷ
Ҷ֣ҿһս꼴ɱʥ˰ɣһԽӻ
ţҵĽ꼴ɱʥ꣡Ҷ˵ͷҪɱ䣬»Ҫһʱ䡣
ҵһ취ҶֵĽڶʱɱʥ꣡һЦһ۱ӻҪֵƵ
ʲô취
Ҷ۾һæʵ
ɱʥ꣬ĹʮƵļʽ
һʥݣ͸Ҷ֣һóһ̺ʥĽݵƾ⽣ݣ޷ҶֵĽڶʱɱ䣬ɱСϡ
˵Сӵ壡Ҷʱĵ˼
СѾ㹻ǿˣҶַʥݣͨӦÿԶʱýɱʥ硣ĵ˵ͷ
ĵİ취Ƶֳ˵ĺΣиǲһ˿Сڴ
ˣͲˣһ£Ҷ־ͰںС׼ɣﲻ˴ŵ㣡
˵꣬Ľޱʥ͸Ҷ磬Ҷ뿪ˡ
Ҷ˸ո뿪ҶƵصǬС
磬Ұɱ佣꣡
ûҶ翪ڣɫޣ۾ˮƵ˵ĵ˸档
㲻ڣ
Ҷ翴Ƶ˵ʵ
ȻǱϲˣԸ⽫еһкޱظ㣡Ƶ˵ͷԥ˵
ƵĻҶĵὫƵ§˻УĬĬ顣
ܿ죬ӵĶһ𣬶ϵ·ҲԽԽ١
ʱܵӿ˲ס̹һ໥Ķˡ
룬ȫƵɵİ״֮ʱҶޱʥݡ

ƵСзһĵܵںһɾУдŰƪ¡
ƵȺ֮Դȱѱǿޱȣ£ҶԵԽԽʥݸڶ˽Уٵڻڽ˽Уɱ䡣

Ҷ˵Ҷֵʲô
ΪҶһɼƷ裬ʵҶݸе˺档
˵ʵҲҶֵݸе棬һҿԿ϶ҶӦòˣҶҡҡͷ
ô϶ĵ
ţԴһָоҶ˵ͷУҾҶǿɽ֮ˣδ;УҲܰﵽҡ
û뵽ôߣ΢΢һЦһСڲˮԤ£Ҷֺ˭Цն
⡭Ҷӳ˼һµȻҺҶֿԶҸоʵ͵̣ļɡ
ѾܸˣĵҪ֪㶯ʯȻܸƣҶҪĵҪʯ
ȰɣҲҶֻһľϲҶȸ˱еĲˮԺвɵøֳҶ޵ˡ
֪ΪΣ뵽ҶǿƻܻһĻҶҶϿϡϤӰ
ʱһȥ
ҶƵִ˲ƣǬĲռв࣬£Ҷڵĵʤһ¥ȫںʥݣɱ䡣
һڽӳֱ
׽ɱҶὫ˯еƵϣ޵£һеһ߲͸޵һ߼Žɱ䡣
ˣ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãͻȻҶͷԡڵ֮еĽӳɺ⣬ռȾ˻ɫ
ɹˣ
켶ɱʥ˲䣬Ҷ͵˫ۣ
Ȼոɱʥ꣬ȴﵽƷͨʥΪҶһɱﵡ
սһԤˣ
Ҷ˫͸¶ޱǿţ˭


1700 
ڵ˾ӣ
ɱʥûãȥһʱ䣬ɫޣ͸ŷ֮ƵΪҶ紩·
磬ͣʤΣ㶼Ҫչ˺ԼǧҪǿ
İɣȻǲսʤҶһƵ۵Ķͷ˵
߰ɣ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪ǬҶĵ˻ϣһƥƥսǰ˰սʥս
ոʥս⣬Ҷǡˡ
ŽյĶ֣۾б𻨣˲ѹ֡
ҺڴһսͻȻ¶˵Цݣƽ͸ޱǿҵš
ҲǣҶ΢΢һЦذɡ
˵꣬Ҷ粻΢΢ЩףҶڰĿ̨ϣȴʼ
Ҷħһ˵ԤϣҶҥԸɡ
˵磬ܵĺӣҲ˵̳ɢ޴ܵ²˵ӣһܵС
˵ĹעҶţĬĬڿ̨ϣתɻ״̬
Ҷ֣ҸոյõϢƹȻһδá
ҶϢʱҶĶС
ʲôƣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ˫ʵ
һϷһã˲ϢƵʵﵽ񣡡Ҷ֪
񣡡
֪ĵƣҶüͷšһ
û뵽Ʋӵп̻ϹƵĹžӵϷɵøеһ˿֡
Ҷ֣ƳƣΪãҶ˽⣬Ҳ㶯ɱô˴λὫɱҶĴ
л棬һСĵأ
˵꣬Ҷٴα۾ĬĬصϢ״̬
Լʱ󣬰׷߳ڰУ˫ɨһҶƣսľʼ
磬ʤ㶼Ҫƽػ
ƵץҶĴ֣΢΢ЩǵĶ
İɣذɣ
Ҷ绺վϵƶȻ䱬һʵ񽣣ޱȡ
ಣ
Ҷһ˵ٶȻ˿ռ䣬ͬʱ䵽䶷̨ϡ
վ䶷̨Ҷ˭ûп˵ǵıһ£Ǿ侲˵侲޷ǵġ
ϵȴԽԽߡ
ǿƴһʱм𻨣ڰš
׼ˣʼ
Ű׷һ£ҶɢϢͻȻмҵĶԳ⣬γһǿ硣
Ѫȼգ
Ҷʵ;ԶԶƣһȼǿĺѪʵ֮ʵࡣ
һ̣Ҷ͵̤һڽбֱɢͷŵƣһȭ
أ
һȭռ𶯣µȭâվҵĲµȭâҷųβױȵѹȸУɱơ
ۿҶȭâؿϣһǹâƳ壬Ťſռ䣬һǹȭâƵҶ̽
ӲһͬʱˣûõĹӰײһ
ײ˲䣬Ƕ˲ԼͬԷ͵Ĺ˶Է塣
ȻҶʵƣȴѹ񼶸֡
ڼҵɱУҶ粻û·磬ռ˾ԵƣסƵĹơ
սǹ
⵽Ҷϵѹ۾ɱ֣һٻ˰սǹһǹҶ硣
һǹռ˲һǹۣµǹᴩֱӶҶؿڡ
š
һǹҶ磬ƲϲһϵҪ㡣
˲䣬ûٶȲӰҶ꺣й޾ĺ⣬ʥӳĻ꺣֯ſµĵ⣬նơ
أ
⧲£ְֳսǹȫʥֲ̫µĽ͸սǹֱУֱ۳صУӸǲϵغ󳷡
찡ʥ꣬һʱ䣬Ҷ羹Ȼʥһôģ
Ҷٶδţ
ĿҶٻʥ꣬ն˵һĻڳˣ޷ǰһĻ
ʥ꣬ҵСˣ
ȻҶʥոճΣȴƷͨʥƴ˼鷳ɫԽ
⣡
ܵʥвƲҴ⣬ϵĽڵʵ˶۷塣
ƽڽʵʱҶںѪͻԪ飬ȼʥͬʵ˶ǵ۷塣
һ̣Ƕͬʱˣʩչսһ


1701 ȫѹ
֣֮ն
һƷͨʥ֮ն£µĹִױȵƻնҶԴ
Ǭ󣡡
ʱѼƷʥӳҶ壬ͷγһµĽͼǬʥںһʱֱס˴Ļ֮֮֡
һ̣Ҷ˫ֿٵŤǬ󲻶ϵطǿĹɨһУơ
âݺҰŰ䶷̨ǬĵҶ磬ⷽصˣӵⷽռɱȨ
ҶǬ󹥻£ƵĹƱѹƣһʥ֮Ǭ֮ϵطƵĹ
ħǹ
ǬȵĽڽڰˣưסӿѪսǹΪһ壬һǰĴȥһѰѼƷʥҶؿڡ
Ǭһ
Ƽ޴ҶƼٹǬ֮ںһ𣬽ʥ꣬ͷŴĿĺ⣬նƻħǹϣµĽһνն˳ȥ
찡ƾȻҶѹס˹ʥô𣿡
ϻʥɣ˵ƣҶҪҲף
ŹƲϱѹƣƣڰĿ̨ϴ
ҶܷЦΪս۽㣬Ϊܶ׷Ķ
ħ࣬
ۿƵ䶷̨ԵȼǿѪ仯ǿħ֮һǹ̳ǰĿռ˴ѣյǹâ绮ƲǣǬ֮Ҷؿڡ
ռؽ
ۿҶ类һУǰĿռ˰ٵƣֵ
ؽƱһǹ̴ʱҶ㵽һߣٻغѹ
ħȭ
ϱľغѹƺ˵ħȭµȭâžغҵĲ޷ѹ
ץסƹغĻᣬҶ̤ͻȻʮٶȣǰ
֣֮ƣ
ǿ֮ӳƵ壬նҶ硣
ľ
һսҶ粻ٲ׾һľٻ˳ҡҷɫڣ֮֡
һ񣡡
ţҶħںһ𣬼˰ٵ֮һɣ֮⻪ҵĴƵ塣
Ƹû뵽ľ˵Ŀֲһͳ֣֮⧲㲻һֻһƵ
ݵ£ں˳ڽһֲ̫ƴķƲ飬ķħؿϡ
ţʲô
ؿڣҶ緢ַħ޷һ֣һ⻬羵޹ǸֳؿڣֵסһĹ
ۣ
Ȼ޹ǵֵסһıɱһǿǹᴩ壬Ѫڽڰˡ
ɫľ⣬ѵǴ˵еĻľ
Ҷ絽ʲôľôϣ
Ҷٻֵ֮ĻľĴ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ¶̰֮ɫ뽫ľ֮׵ĻľΪС
Ǭն
һƣҶǬ󻯳Ľ꣬ϵشӰնܼĹƣơ
ħ࣬ޣ
һټأƲòʩչħݻǿһС
һǹ̳ǰĿռ䲻ϵطѣµ䶷̨еĿռ˴ݣһƬ
޼
ǰݵĿռ䣬ľϵرй޾Ļ֮ڽ˷ħУݻ޼֮ӭȥ
䣡
ǿײһ𣬼ӾſռݵٶȣԳģǳһµĿռڶطƲϵ顣
ͨҶʩչжﵽͨˮ׼˰ɣ
࣬ǵʵܽռƻӣҲֻͨ
Ҷ絽ʲôΪʲôδ
Ҷݲ˵¶ôĶıҪ뿪սȴף
ⳡҶʱҶǿݿռ䣬ƽɫ΢ơ
䣡
Ҷ罫ݻ£ڻҵĿռлһηѪĵƵ꣬Ĺ
ڽֵ
˵䶷̨ԵƣӲҶ绯䣬ٻڽ𣬻ûڽֵĹ
ڽֵ˲ϢΪǱ㵽һߡ
ڽҶһսأƵʵ޷ԭҶ绯ѪӾˣһѺڽѡ
ľƣ
ڽӲҶʩչʱľ£ҡҷڣͷŻйݺݵسڽϣµĻֱ֮ӽѺ۵ڽˣƵƵһơ
ƣҪٲ׾ˣȻûлˣ
ǿƵƵƣشҶ¶Եһ棬ȻХ


1702 ƣ
úúãҶ磬û뵽㾹Ȼұ뵽㾳ءðɣȻҪռƣҳȫ㣡
ƲøɾѪѪɫ۾Ҷ磬˵
Ҳû뵽ᱻҶ紦ѹƣһԼܡ
һŷƵĹͷϣƼһξѪڽ˶ͷֵĹʱһǿ֮ڹӿȫ˲佫ʵ֮
Ҷ磬Խˣ
񼶾磬ÿһľ඼ܴںƲѹƣ˥ܵҲ˲ָȫţԼ񾳽ʵѹҶ硣
ƹȻתǬĵƣ
ŸƶͷϵҶɫ˲ΪҶ絣
۵̣ǻ޷ȣû뵽ΪƶõһȻһżֵɹҶֻʤϣˣ̾Ϣһ
һҾҶֻлʤĻᣡ
ҶĿɫƽҶ磬ҡҡͷ˵
ôҶֻеûжãʵ
㿴Ҷֵӣû¶һ˿ţ˵һлƿ֮УҶ˵Ҳӵľʡ
ԭ̣
ȻҶ綯ȫĵƣȻвԽʵ࣬Ҷϣȴû¶һ˿ҡ
ɣ
ҶŵףĪĸеһ˿ԥְֳսǹҶ硣
ľƣ
ǹһĴҶƻľӭȥҡҷɫ˺ƿռĺɫǹâڰмҵĶԳ⡣
ҵҪֵܵҶǮ
̳ľһǹľֵӻ޵Ĵ̳ǹâŻľǿޱȵʵѹŻĹơ
ȫ£ľ̵ĽڽڰˣʱǬںʥ꣬ն䣬նƵԴ
ħȭ
һȭµȭâһУһȭֵסǬĹ
ţʩչͨϵر֮˻ľͬʱҶڽڵİˡ
ƶƣĹȻ£
ҶֵסƵĹƣ̤ϵܣ˸оҶȥڴŵʯͷҲ˵ء
ǿ񾳽Ѿڲ֮أټһƣҶ죬ҲûĿܡ
ħ࣬
Ʊһµǹâϯ˷Բһռ䣬籩ĿռҶ硣
ǣ
һ̶УҶʩչĿռؽˣµһϯҶ磬ƻ塣
ˣⳡˣ
ҶУ˶оҶˡ
ҶĵˣоҶʤļʲˡ
ͻȻҵĿռӳ޾ĺ⣬ʥ꼫նӲ˺˿ռҶǿķͻľĵסƷһǹ
ԽԽҳԾⳡѶעʧߣ
ͷŻľ˺۵Ҷ磬¶֮ɫְֳսǹҶ磬һ˿ϢĻᡣ
ң±Ӱɣ

Σʱ̣ҶʩչԼֶΣ˲ȼһԪӲʵǵ£ʵ޽ӽˡ
ʵǣҶҲ֮ȫֲʵϵĲ࣬˵ڵҶ磬Ѿˡ
ţͨ
оҶӿ֮ͼٱǵʵüͷһƣ¶֮ɫҶ羹ȻḲͨ
ƣ㻹˵ʤ𣿡
ʵǣҶ¶ԵЦݣ°˵
˵ˣֶͨҲûãɣ
û뵽Ҷϵô࣬һɱ̻Ƶͼ׼һս
ȥɣ
ͼھѪƣҶ緢һ
˭һ
ħ飬
֮
ЯϮҶ绽ħ飬֮˲伤˷ħǿĹȫĵע뵽ħУһӭȥ
䣡
һնٵħ̼£ƵټϷħȫĵơ
䣡
֮ײһƴ˲ˡ

Ƶžֵ۾żķħâ˾
޷ţҶ羹ȻƵƵĵơ
ҪʱѾˣµķħ֮ݺݵնһƿնӡ
ţӵǵʵҶ磬ڰ׷߾ԮǰǰŽ˰ڽȭͷݺݵغԴϣһȭԴ䱬꣬˴ΰսƵɱ


1703 䶨
ˣڳȫˡ
ĿҶ統ڻɱƵһĻڳȫ뵽״̬УǰһĻ
ʲôˣǿܳŵӣδĳɾͲп̤֮ż
ȴ˵ɱˡ
Ұս仹УǶķ̣ץ
С
׷߱һ˺֧ĽƣҪɱҶ磬ΪȥƱ
ô䲻𣡡
׷ʵȻֲʩչʱӵǵµҶ粢һȭˣԵػӦ
䲻𣬾ͲҪȹģĻ䣡
㡭
׷ը˷Σɱ裬Ҷ硣
ô˵𣿡ҶЦЦ˵ûмǴս䲢ɱ¾Ҳ˵μӰս䣬͵̨̤ʵñɱѵң
˵ֻɱˣɱˣ
㡭
Ҷͱ˵ʣ׷߰ٿĪ磬Ҷɿ壬˵ͱ¨ӡ
ôشˣ˫ɫİ׷ߣҶ˵䲻Ǿ˵Ҫȶ۵顣
С֣
׷Ȼٳ֣òˣֻҧʣ׼Ҷˡ
һɱƣǲǴ˴ΰսһҶ粻ĵ˵
ǣ
Ŀ£׷ֻҧź
ڣǲǿԽнˣҶ絭˵
Ҷͻ콫е棬Ƕ˱ڶܽнɫѿİ׷ߵ
ãҵţ
˵ţҶ統ƵҪؿ̨
Ҷ磬Ƶ£
۰սǹ֣֮رʧ׷߷ŭ˵
ҵսƷѵ廹ǿж߲ɣҶЦһȰûչ棬ԲҪ岻ܲҪ
˵꣬Ҷû£̲סɱİ׷߷ŭĿע£ص˿̨ϡ
Ҷ֣ͱ˴¨ˣλͬһ㣬ɱưոݵģ
ȻҶ紴漣Ŵ˴ΰսһս޵еϣȴ˵ǡ
ҲɱƣҲ鷳
Ҷһս¶̫ĵƣǻľԻ۲Ҷɱɱƣ嶼Ź
Ҷ֣ö˵Ķ飬ΣգӦ壬壬ħʵ̫£˵˸װ㣡ս޵̾Ϣһ˵еĹǡ
ս֣ĺˣҪɱҲףһǸʹ۵ģ
ħͻƵǵʵ£ҶȫͻΧ뿪
˵Ľ㼯ҶʱҶͻǳˣսһ
˼ۺ졣
һ˾Ͷǿĵƣʵޣ͵ƴɱһ
Ȼ޵УʯҶ̸ʯҶѹס˻Ĺơ
ħ壡
ƱҶѹƣȫŭ˻죬һȼǿѪ֮仯ǿħ壬һʵԭʼ̥ٻ˳һ𹥷Ҷ
޽̣˷
ԭʼ̥ϮҶٻƷͨʥ޽̣ĽӰն˻ԭʼ̥ǽĻᡣ
Ƽ
޽̿ƻԭʼ̥ʱҶʩչ˴ɱУһնһУʩչĴɱмҵĶԳ⡣
Ҷ켤ɱʱе̬صֿʼսǣ׼ȰսŻɱҶ磬ΪƱ𣬶һС
ɱңµĹϵط䶷̨ռ䡣
Ҷͻ죬ƣս֣ܶõڶ
ʱƣӵʯҶռƣһ˸߹һ˵Ĺһѹ˻죬ԭʼ̥
Żڽڵİˣܵɫ쳣ѿɫͬÿ
ˣǴ˴ΰս佫Ϊ۵㣬ǻȥп⵽߲ط
죬ûлˣ
ǿĹ˵䶷̨ԵҶʯǿͷŹ֮ƴ޽͵Ĺ
䣬췣
ۿ챻䶷̨ƣʩչյǿһ
ʯ̫£ʱ̺췣죬ǱҶƴ޽ȫһ䶷̨˱
ˣ˴ΰս䳾䶨ҶҶռǰսڰսٰ񣬴δ


1704 ʱ
ڣǲǿԽнˣ
Ҷ绺վɫγˮİ׷ߣ˵
ãڿʼ
׷Ŀ׺ݵؿҶ磬޲ýǧУʬΣĿ£޷ˣֻҧʡ
ˣ影Ʒ浤ǷϵɣҶ˵ҴҵӦòɳȶ۵顣
㡭
׷ը˷ΣȻΪ治ôҶĻȴò˸棬档
㲻ҪС֮ĶȾ֮ŵĽһ
׷һסĵջó౦ֱҶ磬Ҷˡ
ԸõƷ浤ͻʯҶûоôƵ˴͵ǬУ뿪˰սʥս
Ҷ뿪սʥս˲䣬ǿֻ뿪սǣнɱ
ǰƷ浤㣬ʵȻɱȥ
ȻƷ浤ޱ󣬵ǽƷ浤͸ħ͵˶ʮʱٿռУƷ浤
ħһʵͻƵǵ֣֮кܴɱȥ
á
õƷ浤ħ̵˶Уٵǵ񾳽硣
Ǳ̫һѹħ츳˵ѾͻƵ֮õƷ浤кܴʶʱͻƵǵ֮ġ
ħ飬ʯ㣬̻ƣħĵȼҶֽõĻʯħ飬ΪԼ̻ơ
ȻħɧǹԹԵʯ̻ŵơ
ħͻƾ磬ħ̻ƶҪʱ䣬սȫĵطҶûż뿪սǣ˰սľ¥Ƹ󣬵һƼȣζƷζ
ҶƸõϢһʱ䴫У˲Сĺ䶯
ҶƸãѵڵȴӦ
֪һϢ˴ΰսܸˣ߳üͷšһ
߳ϣҪҪӡƸ󣬳ֽסһҪɱҶй޵İ׷ߵ
ҵڶã϶µ޷֣޷֣޷֣ϵħ壬ˣǺɱҶ磬ʱٳҲ١߳˵
ɿճ棬һռ涴ӵսҪ೤ʱ䣡Ҷʱͨɿճ档
Լʮʱɡ
ͻƵ֮ɿճѾӵɿռ涴
ãɿռ涴úܴ󣬾ٶȣ
Ҷһٻɿճ棬Լٵɿռ䣬ǿдһռ涴
ҶڻɿճʱɿµϢƸ⣬о⼸ϢҶɫ䣬Ȼŵĺžơ
Ǻ°ʱȾƣ
һҶУܸҶħһڿ񵶣ڷȵ˳Ƹ߲㣬Ŀ׶ؿҶ硣
ħһ˳ʱħ壬ں󣬵ȴʱɱҶ硣
ô̲סҪˣҶȸ˱еƵȰòҪ嵱ǹʹڡ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪˣħһЦһԼܻ뿪սǡ
ҸҵɱƣȻıҶЦһſ˵ǲ²£Ҳ뿪սǣڵʲô
㡭
ųŵҶ磬ħһüͷǿҶûоԵ̣˵Ĵݲȡ
Ҷڰսб¶̫ܣǲ²⣬ҶӦ磬ݺܲһ㡣
Ȼħ磬ҲǾ԰˴սǵħ֣ʵǿǰӦҶ漶֣ǴԵѡ
뵽ħһ˴ùģͷΣա
ɣȼƣӦú֪ҵǸ壬ǺȺȾƣϾͻʱһ帶ѪĴۣҶԹԵĵһƣɱȻ
ߣ
ħһ˴˼䣬ûмôת뿪ȥȥˡ
ĿħһȥıӰҶãĵصȴš
ȻҶ磬սǽӦ
Ҷħһ˵ĶԻ߳ϸеһ˿֣ǰӦҶĸʵǿǲ޷ɱҶ磬ɱ֮
߳ϣڸô죬ħ壬˼ɣҪԹۣܿɫ߳ϵ
ϵ峤峤ᣡ߳ϳ˼һµǸҶк춯һʱҡҲСơ
ֽƸˮйͨʱҶȻŵĺžƣƷζһ⿵ʳ
ɿճϢ£Ѿһָ֣ǧ׵Ŀռ涴Ŭռ涴ӵս档
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ֲͷʱҶϢ׵ͬ£ƸС


1705 ջ
Ҷôˣ
ͻȻֵҶҶ֮࣬Щжʵ
Ҷ֣Ѿ뿪һûģңߣ𻯹㰲ȫҶ
л⣬а취ƽ뿪Ҷ΢΢һЦŵ˵
ģѵҶڵ˽Ӧ
֪ΪΣҶܸоҶƣҲ硣
ţҼֵҵҪ˭ңҶ˵ͷ¶˵
ȻҾͷˣҶҽˣպص磬һȥ𻯹ң
Ҷ¶ŲαװҶ׷𻯹λøҶʵ׵ͬ뿪ˡ
Ҷո뿪ãҶʧˡ
һʧػ壬ִ鿴ʱҶֹĳˡ
Ҷ磬ֻû𣿡
ħһҶ磬Щͷ˵
ôȲˣҶ΢΢һЦȲǾ֣ܶȫ㡣
ãҾ͵ſ㵽Ƿ
ħһҧгݵΪЩ˼ɣʼûҶ֣ȴš
ǲ֪ǰҶ磬ֻҶûľҶѾǬУɿճָϸĿռ涴д
ʱһȥֹʱ䡣
ֿǰӦҶܳٳδᵽһ˿ѰϢ
߳ϣҶòưɣ׷ɫ˵
˳֣̽һҶ磬̽̽ĵϸ߳üͷ˵ܴѶǳ̽Ҷ硣
Ȼ֪ȳֵķպʹۣķ֧ΥֻܹԹԴ
Ҷ磬أôûǲѾˣ
һͦΣͷڣɫƳۣ̤һ˫ѥʵﵽһǵµӣһִƸУɭȻ˵
ӲǱˣǱڤ֮ǵĳˣ峤֮
ҼϾҪˣ岻뱻ŵĻǹԹԸҹȥұ֤һ壡
ҶĿؿ֮Եƥ˵
ԣҶӦþƣ۹߳ϿҶٳٲ϶֣ϵʱ䣬񷣬Ҫס֡
ǣ
߳ϵ֮¶һ˿εЦݣٻһƷͨʥȼĳǹҶ硣
أ
һǹҶûӲѸٵӣܿһǹ
ģǶˣˣҶ⣡
뵽Ҷںƶܻɱ֮Ĺ߳ϻ϶ǰҶ⣬ֱɱ˽ûһſµ֣ſµ֮һӡҶľ
ȻӵҶȫʵȴûҶЩĵƣֵס߳ϵĹ
꣡
ӡ䣬Ҷ鲣һˡ
ģҶȻǼٵģ
ŽΪ޵Ҷ磬߳ϵ˵ķζըˣ
ѣҶӦûڰսǣڵߣҲҪҳ
߳޷ܣҶƤӵߵʵټ֣̺ʽڰսҶ䡣
ս̫ˣæҲ޷ڶʱұսǸ䡣
ҶڰսѰԼʱɿճ治ϵɿռ涴˰ս⡣
ˣ뿪սˣ
ķʮʱ䣬뿪սǵĿռ涴ɿճü
ˣ
Ҷƻ֮⣬ûò뿪ǬԼٶԶǿշȥ
ڰս̫˵עȫڰսУҶ뿪ûбκ˷֡
ʮʱϵطУҶ罥Զ˷লľԱİսǣһ黺ʯϡ
֪ʲô
оȫˣҶóƵƽǬָС
ǣʥ
쾧ĻңĻǼֵߵʥ
ܳŵӣʥƷʥһţƷʥɣƷʥ˰ʲƸ㹻Ҷȥӻˡ
Щʥ⣬Ҷ绹õ˴ͨʥԼ޵;Ѫ
ţʲô
ͻȻҶƵǬָзһӡؽƵĺɫӣ˲ٹƿʱںзһ۴Сһµƣɢҩĵҩ
浤Ʒ浤
ҶԱһŵҩ֣ⷢŵҩȻһżֵɹҲ浤
ƣллˣȻ͸ôһݴЦˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ·ӡ˺ɫӡ
һƷ浤ټƷͨʥսǹƷͨʥ֣֮ԼʥͨʥҶɱƵջ̫ˡ
׼ʯһʱ䣬ħͻƵǵ񾳽뿪


1706 ɱһ
ˣ
Ҷһſͨʥһ߲͸޵һʵʱǬĲռͻȻҶˡ
ͻˣǰͻˣ
ħͻƵ˲䣬Ҷߡ
Сллˣ
ͻƵǵ񾳽磬ħﵽһǧڽټѪħȫʵѹ񼶸֡
ҴӦǰģȻҪҶ΢΢һЦǰƷͨʥսǹԼ֮־͸ǰɡ
ãħûƴǣƷͨʥС׼ȥģ
׼һʱ䣬Ȼ󷵻ħķ֧ٷս̫֮Ĺռȶ棡Ҷ˵
̫֮ĹҪ𣿡
ħ̫֮Ĺ֪Ĺ֮һ˵Ĺ̲漶ֶΪ֮ۺı
ţ̫֮ĹĿռӦþͻȶ̫֮ĹĵͼҶ˵ͷ
Ǳ͸մմˣħϲ
ãʱǰһ̫֮ĹҶ˵ͷһڴӦ
ʱһȥҶڶʮʱٿռǱʱ彫ս˸췭ظ
ǼսƷȴûҵҶ磬壬ħܵķζըˣԴҲ벻ҶΪλ˼ˡ
ѰҲҶ磬ܽʧȥģ׷뿪˻ҵİսǡ

ʮʱ٣
ҶǬĲռ䣬͸ʱʱ䣬ʱʮ٣һʩչ˲ʮٶȡ
͸Ǭеʱ⣬Ҷ翪ʼ޵Ų͸̺ʥ⡣
ҶȫͶ뵽͸޵ʱʯϵĲл쳣һɳͨ尵ɫŸ߸ߵĴսˡ
ս
ͨǬԶԶսҵս죬Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݣв˽ɱͷ
Ȼͷܴ󵨣Ҳðգıʱٵȫʩչٶȣ񼶸ֶ׷ϡ
ǰ׼ɱսһң
Ҷԣȷ帽ûӰա
ã
ħҲո˵֮ʮʹشӦ
׼ս
Ҷ绽ǬĺۣѪõˣ֪ͨ׼ӭսһ뿪ǬԼٶʻսȥ
غײ
սҶٻغƺޱײս
䣡
սغײһΡǿм޾Ļ⣬µײǿƯһʯǿվҵĲ
ʲôˣҹһս
綼ǰ˸ǣ⵽غŭսϵĻ֡
ʥ꣬ƣ
ŭʱҶٻʥ꣬ڻҵǿ£û˻ɫĽӰٰն£һնսƣĴնˡ
ʥ꣬Ҷ磡
սϵĻ֣նʥ꣬µ˭ô󵨣ڽɱˡ
Ҷ磬ЩСֶκ͵ˣƤӵߣҵڽɱǣΪһ۸Ŀ࣬һսףսһĻŭǿµҶ磬ɭȻ˵
˵ˣһ۸
Կ£Ҷ緢ֻʵǿĴܣֻ񾳽磬׷ԵػӦ
СʲôϷ춨նڽ£
һɫۣ˫ݽգŹͼ񾳽ߣٻһƷͨʥָҶ
ƾ㣬Ҷӵ˵

߱ҶĿŭˣŭһֳƷͨʥնҶ硣
ۿնĽâնҶϣһΰӰҶǰٴ̳һǹƿߵĹ
һ̣ħ̤һţµĽӡµĵƺͳǧڽһȭ̤գ̤ϣֱӽӰвµ棬Ҵ
ħôħ
ɽǿ׳䲻ħɱڵĻ¶˾֮ɫ
Ҫ֪磬ѼħħͬȾ缸޵УҶǵ񾳽ħѹǡ
죬ھûɱ㣬ɣ
ħȫʱҶ綯ǿĵƣʵٻ˿̻ƣﵽƷͨʥȼķħǿ»һӰ޾Ľƹ˻죬Ҫɱ
䣡
ħնķ컭ײһ˲䱬Ĺֱڽصķ컭ꪣûѪڽڰˡ
⣬ôܣ
޷󣬶̶ʱ䣬Ҷʵͳɳزеز
죬µɣ
һ˻죬Ҷʤ׷Ҫһɱ


1707 ¾
ʯںϣħ壡
Σʱ̣ںƷͨʥʯһʵħ壬趯컭Ҷ硣
ȫ˲䣬ԭʼ̥ͻȻѳ壬ӿµҶ硣
޼
ͻԭʼ̥Ҷ粢ţݵ£ʩչԴͨһС
һ̳ħƱȫΡߴӳŻйĻľֳ壬һ
䣡
һƲ
޼ݿ˻ԭʼ̥Ĺ˫˫ˡ
ѵǼƷͨʥ
оħ͸Ļɴ˫ۣ¶˾֮ɫ
ôģ
ڻУҶеķħƷͨʥ̶ʱ䣬Ҷʵˡ
Ҫ֪Ʒͨʥ뼫Ʒͨʥ֮ʵ༫Ҫͨʥ졣
һ񣡡
һ˻ˣҶʤ׷ħںһһ֮⻪ҵ˻졣
ԭʼ̥
оһĿ£첻Ӳӣԭʼ̥ǰ᲻ɴݵ壬Ӳһ
أ
⵽Ҷʩչһ񹥻ԭʼ̥һħбڽڵİˡ
ԭʼ̥ųһʯӲ̶ȳӲҶʩչһ񣬲δܵһˡ
죬㲻Ҫɱôųһ㣬ոյ׳־أ
Ҷһ߼ħѹԭʼ̥һ߼죬ɫ࣬¡

һĲҽڻҵǿ
ҶԵĹѹƻԭʼ̥ʱħְֳսǹһǹߵ壬ǧڽ뵽ȫУϵ
Ҫʱħͷֱ֮ӽ飬ɱ
ħǿնɱʵǿߣס˻ܣԥҪҪսʱħְֳսǹ˻ܡ
һɱ¾ڻսݡ
磬Ѫʨ㣬СӣѪáٳ
ħƿشʱҶ罫׼İȫٻ˳ǺѪϴܣҪһ򾡡
Ҷ磬ѵҪһ岻ݣһ壬ұ֤û֮أ
ϲĲҽֵסҶ͹ĻΪջ𣬷ŭ
ôΪİֻɱˣ˲ɱǣҶЦһΪٻǬ͵Ĺ
Ҷȫ£ԭʼ̥ĹĿסڽڵİˡ
оȫʧأ⣬ҪͻΧ뿪
ʱ٣
ڻʱҶΧʱͻȻӿ죬ٶ˲ʮħؿڡ
ȻΣʱ̣һöӲĹ׽зħĹ̫ˣٻķƸֵסħĹ
ڻǱ㵽һʱʥһѪɫӣݺݵնϣƿķһֱնѪܿƵĿ۵ʹС
ԭʼ̥ҵֵ
ֱ۱ն䣬ԭʼ̥ǰֵҶ͵ĹȼǿѪ׼ʩչƣ
ܵõ𣿡
ҶЦһͻȻѳһ˻󣬷ܵ·ߡ
һ̣Ҷʩչ֮˲佫ħĹ˼¡
죬µƼɡ
һնռ䱻ħâ룬µĽûǰĿռһƬյشеһжҶһ¡
ԭʼ̥
û뵽Ҷһ˵Ŀֲȫĺëֱԭʼ̥ȫ
Ҷʩչ֮նһԶԶԭʼ̥ܵķΧ
أ
ԭʼ̥һն˳ȥصײĻ죬ѪȫĹͷ˴롣
죬ټˣ
˵˲䣬ʥƿԴ꣬նɱ
ˣսܳƣȫɥҶС
Ǭգ
ǿƻɱ죬ҶǬԭʼ̥ԼսǬУħƵ˻ɱһ֡
˲߽˻һֵߣŵǲֻʶӡ
Ҷ׷ɱ£ֻʵĻһӳ죬ʣµȫɥҶɱ¾С
սˣ
Ҷ罫˻һսϣȻսǬУŨŨѪζɢŴһֲսɫǿԶȥ


1708 
ȺǲãӨ˸ȥޱ޼ʡ
Ԧһս޾ǿмٺУһҾ޴սˡ
Զսҵս죬ӵҶ粿ǻ۵ľ¶һ˿ЦݣԦһսٳ˹ȥ
߳ϣһսǿ
Ԧսַֻսʻ¶֮ɫһʱ佫һϢ߳ϡ
һսǲǷ𣿡
ںУοŮӰĦ߳˫¶֮ɫ
߳ϣһսҪײǣ
߳¶֮ɫʱֽӵһҪϢ͵ҡվ
߳ϵ˼ҴҳڼװʱҶľԦսײµײֱײսײ˴ͷԼ㲻ֵ塣
Ҷ磡
߳ϵ˲ִټܵʱڻһصսпҶӰʱŭˣӡµ֣ץ˹ȥ
꣡
Ҷ羵ץסţˡ
ǾҶ磬ҲɱĲΪˣ
ٴαҶƣٻս߳ը˷Σ޾ǿ·ŭ

ͬʱǬеҶ¶һ˿Цݡ
壬ϣǻ⣡
ҶɱõĻʯԭʼ̥
ҶʵǱԭʼ̥ΪպҪɱﵡ
ʱʱܿȥˡ
꣬ǬĲռУҶɹʮꡣ
ʮУҶȫ˻ʯԭʼ̵̥ǿԭʼ̥޵롣
Ҫԭʼ̥ʵأ
Ҷ粻ϵе䣬Ѱйԭʼ̥Ϣ
һʱ䣬ҶԸҵԭʼ̥ʵİ취
ںɼԭʼ̥ʵ
Ҷ۾һԭʼ̥ǬĲռһԭʼ̥ں
ԭʼ̥ȫȫѨϣʱǬĲռ֮ٵʧԭʼ̥ʵȴڽ
ԭʼ̥ʱǬĲռԼٵʧڿռеĲϡ˿ήҶ粻ԭʼ̥ɣϡ
ʱ򷵻칬壬ˣ
ȷԼԭʼ̥ɳٶȣҶ˵Ҫصļע⣬Ӷǵ
ݣ
һӰǿգԼٶȥս̫ˣҶٶȣҲҪһʱ䣬ܷɻص
ҶȥʱԶԶǰһҺɫսӿٶȷ˹ȥ
ս
սҵս죬Ҷ΢΢̣ӿٶȷ˹ȥ
ƣ
Եٶ׷ϹսҶһȭ˹սķ뵽棬սеĹ֣Ƿ׷׳ڼװϣԴҶŰΧˡ
Ҷ磡ɫȵӣҶֵ֮Ĺٵϳô
ô𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦΪʲôܳǣôò뿪սǣͼı
Ҷ磬ҹΪûе㣬ҲòҪҹע⣡
Ŀݣóۣ۾ݽУ͸ŨŨĹ峤һǹ񾳽Ĺĵͳ˵
ôںˣҶ΢΢һЦ壬ħΧңҪʱѵû𣿡
Ҷ磬Ϊҹ㣡ٵջ˵
ˣ˵ϻˣһϰɣ
Ҷһٻԭʼ̥Ե˵
ԭʼ̥ôԭʼ̥
Ҷԭʼ̥ģٵ۵ɫ䣬¶֮ɫ
Ȼǻ͸ҵģҶЦЦ˵Ϊʲôԭʼ̥͸ңµ
㣬ɱ˻죡
ٵ۵ˣ飬иǲز
ݣ
ڹٵ۵¶֮ɫʱһ̶ƿҶԭʼ̥һ𣬹˹ٵ۵ˡ
ʵǿʵǿ峤Ľһǹ£Զǵµԭʼ̥Ķ֡
ԭʼ̥Ӷ컭һնͽն˳ȥ⵽ش
ٵۣһսɣ
Ҷ翴⣬ҪܵĹٵۣһֳַħȥ
ҶȺںѪ飬ʯԪʱʵ˲ﵽ˶ǵ͵ĹնŹٵ۽ڽڰˡ
Ҷ磬ҹĲΪУ̧ǣֻҪϷǣҹ屣֤ӽ󣬲㣡
ٴҶ罻֣ٵ۷֣ѾɳԼĳ̶ȣսȫޣΪ˻òġ
ûȤ
Ҷ˵˲伤ƣһն˹ٵ۵һ롣
Ҷնɱٵ֮ʣԭʼ̥Եʵѹͼһնɱ˹ġ
ʵǿĶ˱ɱɵ˹ֻ֣ʶӡ
ɱ
ʱҶٻȫİ֣˹֡
һɱ¾ڹսݣħѪȹ£ȫɥȪ


1709 
칬ԵİռԴûǸܺ칬ĵλ
ڻصˣ
Ԧսʱһʱ䣬Ҷ뿪˻ҵսص
Ҷ뿪Ǳ׷ɱֻ̼ܣٻҶʵѾɳĳ̶ȡ
֮ٶ˵ľˣǺѪ
ӵѪѶԶԶСڳˣҪǣѪļƿҲȳܶ࣬˶ʱͻƵǵ¡
ȥǣ֪Ҫ쾧
ҶƵһ޴ǳصĿռ涴⣬ػռ涴һ׷ߵ
𣿡
ǵ۾İ׷߿һʵҶƵʵ
ȥǻҪ𣿡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
칬ոͻƵһǵ񾳽磬ڻ칬ۣͬ죬Ϊ˱ⷢңû֮ˣǲǣ׷ߵ
֪ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷĻ֮˲˫ע뵽˰׷˫У˲Ժ˻󣬿Ĵʶ
һ̣Ҷ粻ݿܵ꺣
λ룡
ʶҶƣ׷شǶˣ˿ռ涴Уź˲λ
ˣûʲôˣˣ
˳ǰǵĿռ֣֮Ҷ׷뿪ˡ
ܿ죬ռֿ֮ʼ˿ռ䴫ͣĶ˽˷䣬ڷңϻʮʽܵĽڲдŰƪ¡
ԼʮͯŮҶƵ˿ռ֣֮ĵĳǳǡ
ôֱʣ칬Ȼ޽˰У
ǿ£ڵ֮ϵ칬Ҷ粻ɵøп칬ֱʣ֧ƵģǺܴһʵԴ
磬費ҪŪ
պɢ˷ϵƵ§Ҷĸ첲
ģֲףصģͲҪˣҶ΢΢һЦгɱζ
ʵ͵̣ǵܻɱǬлħ칬Ѳˡ
ðɣƵЦЦ˵ҵطסˣǹ䡣
ɣҲԺûˣ
˵꣬ҶƵھɫˣһΡ뽨칬ι䡣
鲻Ĺ䵽һ޽ںߣԡеĿջ˽ȥ׼Ϣ
˼ˣǿջѾˣλѰ֮ɣ
ո߽ɫŵĿջһۣķϵٸ˳Ǹ˵
ûϵ㾡ܸǰһõ᷿鷳ң
ҶջĻϲ׼ٻطˣ˵
⡭
ٸһҶ磬͸ĵϸԥ
ɣλԵƬ̣ȥ棬ǰԸ⣬λһϵ᷿
ã
Ҷ˵ͷƵ˴Уһģһߵȴ
ģ飬壡
һṦһŭͻȻɫۣŭӳڴС
˿Ƶʱʱһ־Ϊ˵ĸо۾¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҫס
һͦΣƤ𪣬Գò׵¶һ˿߰ЦݣƵӻҪֵ

Ҷ˵ͷ
סжԶҹԶŤԴ
˲ؿҶ磬ݿܵ
ž
䣬ͻȻоǰĿռƣһ͸ռâݺݵسϣֱӽ˳ȥصˤ˿ջŴѪŶڵϣѪ߰ߡ

ǾԵİ˸ǣűҶһƳɵͬ飬ʣµٻǿʥҶ硣
ߣƾǣ
Ҷһڵŷһֻµĵ֣ץϮʥֱӽץС
һ̣Ҷ͵طµӲץʥȫ
ʲôˣΪδӣҫ
ʱһһɫۣʵﵽĴܳڴУĿؿҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ʲôˣ
Ҷ̫ʦϣ¶ŵЦݣؿܵ
ҲʲôˣӣҪһܰԵ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦ֪Σ
˵ţҶǬһɫ̻һ׭ֵƣܡ

ӹҶƣ˲Ҷ˲䷢˱仯ϵŭʧȡ֮ؾֺ;η
ǻһеƣֻлֱϵӲӵУȻ岻ǻķ֧壬ͬһҶӵлôܺˡ
֪öҶնɱõġ
²֪ݣð£
ܳҶؾһ˫ֳֻҶ硣
Һ˵ҸγͽأҶ翴ɵӣ˵Ȼ䡣
ǻŸʲôӿͷ
Ҫ˵ǣ峤ﲻֱϵӣܸе̬ԣݿܵ
Բӣǲ֪ݣ빫ǣ
˵ţĵ裬죬Ҷǡ
˺ˣʸס˰ɣ
Ҷ翴ųˣ˵
Уͽõ᷿λڳˣܰһԽҶ˰˿ջλѵ᷿Ϣ


1710 ãĴ
ĳϣǻˣ
ĵ뿪ҶϢ᷿ҶգвѪӻɵʵ
ɲʲô˶ӵУӵл֤û⣡Щµ˵
ǸôӵĵʵҪҪ֪ͨ峤
ֱϵɲС£֪ͨ峤ᣡ˵
ĳϣͨ峤ʱܲܲҪǺͻ£ӿ
֪ǵ˻ֱϵӣĲǡ
ǰĳҡҡͷҿԲ˵鷳
һҹʱܿȥ
Ϣһҹڶһ磬Ҷ뿪˿ջι칬
ι칬ʱ˲˰бǣԷв֮ŵǵˡ
ιһ죬鲻Ҷ˷ص˿ջĳϵˡ
ĳϣǻһϤˣǾһơ
λ˰ƣݼλ
һϮɫۣȲվ¶ŵЦݵ
ƣһţ
ŵܸҶƣҶ¶˵Цݵ
ֻѣȲ˹ӣǫ˵ϻǲɵ¶һ˿԰
⻰˵ûʵڻ壬ֻͨѡҶĴƴΪջ𣬵ֲҷֻҧʡ
ôҶ罫ƵıУ΢΢һЦɣֵܵһȭˣҾջظոյĻ
˵ЦˣǹӵĶ֣
ое㲻ԾĳվԲ
ô˵ҾͲһţֵһȭûУҶ粻ĵ
Ȼ⣬Ʒǣ
ǸոսõİսڰҲʶ»ֱϵӵʵΡ
ˣ
ҶЦЦͻȻ̤һһ̤˴ƬӲĵذ壬ƺһȭ
һȭҶǰĿϷȭͷбһϢĸо
ҶȭͷƵǰ˫ʱҶ˲ں˻ʯһİڽƵķ˫Уһȭ˳ȥײԶһ̻Žʯڡ
һŲˣʧ
һȭƣҶ¶˼֮ɫм˵
ˣ
ĳû뵽Ҷʵ˿ֲƾȻֵסһȭɫ΢䣬η˵
ˣƨˣ㣬칬ʢʲôʱУҶ粻һ˿ʵ
죡ĳϾη˵
ãʱȥ칬䣬һΣ
˵꣬ҶǣƵỬС֣ջĿע£ص᷿Ϣ
ʱһš
һ磬Ҷ磬ƵĳϣƵˣսǰ칬
ʱƣ·ǰյĲ죬Ҷ׽õȴҶһδشΪջͿơ
ΪΪֺòãеŵźǰףء
оͰƮڡ
˴ΣƮŴѩһ棬Ľǰףء
Ϊõ˽Ǭָţѩһȫͻ˵һǵ磬ϷĽͻһǵҲһ֮ң
˵Ʈڶ̶ʮʱУ췭ظı仯ŵʵ
Ʈأ
һ߰ϲ칬ŵһ칬ָ£˽̻Ի͵ĴУݼҰļ͵ĲãףͻƵһǵ񾳽硣
ԹϲͻƵ֮ʵǿˣŽڵϣףص
⻰Ұǲ֪˵ǲĻã¶̺Цݣ˵
θɫ΢΢һ䣬ᵽһ˿⣺Ʈһֱ칬հȻϣ칬ԽԽǿ󡣡
ðɣҾĻˣãЦ˵ĿͶ޾׵˫ѩһϵи֮룬֪ԸӦ𣿡
Թ˵ֻҪһӦ㣡
֪ãЩƮЩļٷչϵŵ⡣
Һϲڵѩһ棬檣֪Ը𣿡ãżɽ
⡭
ã䣬ţѩһ˶ʱ
ѩһϸ¶ŨŨķŭ֮ɫҪǲãʵֲ̫˼ɣԸͷˡ
ôԸ⣿ãЦЦͱ˵ոڿ֤ӦҵҪȴҪڣû칬ҵˣˡ


1711 ɱɱɱ
Թôˣ㣬ֻһƮشҸڲõĽƮڽ£ˡ
û뵽ãҪȻдΪջ𣬵ȴҷǸ˵
˼䲻ѩһˣãЦһĵ˵
˵û㻹䲻
ձѹ֣˵ĿˢˢļǺ¶ջ֮ɫҪŭ뿪ѩһʱһͻȻ
Ҷ磬Ƶͬ£칬С
ʲô˵ķݣãû뵽˾ڹϣΪƮڵ˵
Թ˵㣡ĳϽӻλڻ壬ǻֱϵӡ
壡
֪Ҷݣã˲
ȻͻƵһǵ񾳽磬ʵȣֵһᣬ˵ҪֻҪһ仰
ң
Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿ΣյϢ
Ҹող֪ݣеﻹ£ã˲æ͵
ԭأ
Ҷµģ˵
ӣԹ㲢޶⣬ĳϽӻҲԹߵĺܽӿɷһӣҪΪѲԹˡ
ΪҶŤͷĿͶĳϣ˵
ӣҲ˼ҵ˼ǣ빫ӴдҪͲԹƽˣ֪ˣ
Ȼĳᵽһ˿ѰϢûж룬ϴм
˭ΪʲôҸоʶ
Ƶһߵѩһ棬ΪͷҶ磬ȻҶģİ֪ΪΣԽҶԽоϤ·ԼӦʶһ㡣
˶˭ңҾ
Ҷ˵ϵԽԽǿԽѹֺͽš
ǻˣ
ͻȻһһѩɫۣǹͦΣüâ¶ͬ£˹
һƣӵߡ
޷ӢİӣҶ΢̣һ˿Ҳǻˣ
ʶ𣿡
޷´˼Ҷ磬°˵
޷ûзǰ㻹ǴȥҶ㲻Ҷؾ
ţ
޷üͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽ҶһڵԼ֡
Ҷ磬ȴԼڻδҪǣҶûлֶеϢ
㵽ʲôˣ޷еŭҪŪҶݡ
޷ǲΪҲҶ㣿ҶؾٲݹŤĹͷ
ģ
޷ųڵڶţ츳ʵƣҶһٵȫŭˣȼڵĻ棬ŭĴ
޷䣬ǰһҶͻȻǰƺݺݵسա
ҶһƳ޷ܵҪ㣬ܵ˲䣬ҶİͻȻ٣ݺݵسϡ
ž
һİ
Ҷʩչʮʱ٣İƺݺݵسϣһƳ˳ȥݺݵˤ˵طӢӶʱףѪ˳
ޱȵļž
űҶһƳɣǱˤڵϵ޷ҵĴʱѻȸһ˫˫۾ˢˢͶҶ硣
ģɱ㣡
޷ܹȴ裬һֻŭʨӣڵֳֹ⼫նҶ硣
ƾ㣿
ҶЦһһӭ޷˹ȥ
ȥɣ
Ҷ޷ȫĵ뵽⼫Уȫն˹ȥҪնɱҶ磬йͷֻޡ
ۿǿĹ⼫նҶϣҶŲȽͻȻܿĹԡ
ܷӦȫʱҶİһγϣ˳ȥ
½Ƕ̸ʲôɱң
Ҷؿһڵϵ޷м˵
Ѫȼգ
޷ˣȼǿѪ⿪зӡһǿӲʵһ֮
һ̣Ʒͨʥ̸ͷҶ硣
ǷٶĵҲûã
ҶһںѪ飬ԪͻʯӲʵǵ񾳣ֳֻɱõشڽķ컭ꪣն޷
㣬㵽˭ôлķ컭ꪣ
޷ϵһϳҶеķ컭ꪣǻģɫ䣬
˵ʻ죬֪˭ˣ
Ҷ紫ֳַ컭ꪺݺݵնµĹ˰̵Ĺſµĵ⣬̩ɽѹһ
أ
컭޷еĹ⼫ײһ𣬲ǿķµ͸⼫ӿ뵽У˫ƤѪܱӲϵغˡ
ټˣ
޷ǿȶӣ׼ʱҶ뷽컭ںһһնռݣµն˹⼫ݺݵն޷ӣһն룬


1712 ɱ
ˣ޷ˣ
޷ҶһɱһĻ۾ɵùԲֱɵۡ
ɵˣʶ޷֪ݵҲɵۣҶþֺͳԾ
˻Ҷݡ
Ͼ֮ǿΪǰŽᣬٷڶο޷һˣص󣬸ϣڲõĽͻƵ֮
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ԺͷҶ΢ر仯ʱһָоҶ缫пܲǻˡ
֮лΪпɱ˻죬Ȼ컭ꪲϡ
ôƣ㻳ҵݣ
Ҷֳڽصķ컭ꪣ΢΢Ťͷɫƣʵ
ǣֻΪʲôֵķ컭ϣ
У֪޷ֵݣȴȻնɱܲѰһ㲻ǻˣһӲͷƤ
ʲôʸңҶЦһٷϻµ
㡭
ҶвɫѿҶնɱ޷һĻ
С
Ҷȫʱһŭı
һɫۣͷѩף˫ݽգ񾳽ߴ칬Ҷе·ߣҶ緢һ
û뵽ո޷ֿãͽӵƱţ֪޷Ϣ
ƵѾ߲Ϊŭ޷ˣð׷ߵһץĸо޲ýǧС
˭һ
Ҷû׷ߵ˵Ĺһٻԭʼ̥ԭʼ̥ǿķΣա
䣡
׷ߵԭʼ̥Ĺײһ𣬶ʱ֮µһʯ칬ķѼѪ޽Ĵˡ
ԭʼ̥
ԭʼ̥Ϊϡ٣ټϢð׷ߵ˱ϳҶٻԭʼ̥ǻġ
Ҷ磬ԭҶ磡
Ƶ˲֪׷ߵȴ֪һ˱ҶϢ
Ҷٻԭʼ̥Լеķ컭ꪣ׷ߵ˻ȷݡ
硭
ѩһ۾һ޵¶һ˿֮ɫ
һ棬³çڲ볿ϵʱ򣡡
ȻƮڵʵȣʵȣصĲ֪࣬ҶƮڵĹϵԻƮڴ֮֡
˵粻°ɣ
ѩһҧʪ촽ǵĴ
İɣѵˣǰսһǵŶնɱǰЩв𣿡
ҶðսһϢʹ֪Ϣŵ˻ɰսһҶ粢ʶҶ磬Ǿһˡ
ȻǶˣǾǹɣ
˵ţҶ罫ħޣٻ˳
ħǸħ
ħŵ۾ɵùԲһϳħݣˡ
Ҷ磬½ߣ
ŷԼԽ͸ҶˣһŽⲻ̫̫ܡ
ɱ
Ҷ籩һȼ˺֮ѪʥӲʵǵ£Ǳƽǧڣµս˲ѹʵǿİ׷ߡ
Թ㻹ʲôٻ칬ĵƣɱǶ군ĳܻ
ĵƣ
칬£ȷʵвΪ֪ǿƣĸƵĴۼ󣬶һ⣬󽵵칬ĵ̣ǳܲ
䣡
ĳʱħְֳսǹ˹ǧڽһ֮˺ſռ䣬ĳᵽϢ
һߣĳϲϵشһǿĵƽзȡܵʱ䡣
κħʵ̫ķƸ޷赲İǹâħһǹ塣

һʹĲҽ
սǹӿĳϵ壬飬һѪ
ħǿƻɱĳϣɱ䣬ɱ壬칬֡
ԭʼ̥㣬ޣѪǣǿıҲոŵ˵
ܿ죬칬ѪɺӣѪ㼯һ𣬻һѪϪ֫ɢһأٲȻһƬ˼
ǰμϯĸҲû뵽칬ϲӵһ죬ȴȱʣ⵽Ѫϴ
ҶյǸо칬ˡ


1713 ޵֮
ƣȥﰡ
׷ߴսҶ磬һҪܣԭʼ̥Ҫնɱδ
Ҷ磬ΪУַ̧ң
ֻǵ۷ֵ֣סԭʼ̥ĹƱȫѹƣʱòҶһ
ɣ
ڵˣҶӲ飬ԭʼ̥͵ĹشƣϾ
أ
ʩչȫĵƣֵסԭʼ̥һʱԭʼ̥ͻȻſͣ³ԭʼ⣬ƵԴϣֱӽԴ䱬굱ɱ
Ҷ磬ҵţһ壡
ȫʧأ׷⣬һݻͻΧ뿪
һģ
Ҷ˵ͻȻӿʮʱ٣̤ס
ţʥն䣬һƬ޵еĺϼһռ䣬һ˰׷ߵͻΧռ䣬˻ȥ
Ǭն
׷ߺ˵˲䣬ҶǬںһ𣬻һ޵еǬ֮ǿĵ⣬ն˰׷ߣնķƣݺݵնϡ
Ȼ׷߽ͨʥս£˴󲿷Ǭ޽ĹµȫľӰ˵档
˵İ׷Σʱһī̻ŴƵĹײԼٶȷ˹ײҶ硣
䣡
Ҷһȭǧڽ籼Ϣĺݺݵغ˺ɫŹϣµϵֵס˺ɫŹײŹ׼Ӳı˵Ѻۡ
ɫŹѣĺɫ͸ŹѺӿ˳ֱӽԲĿռ䶼Ⱦˡ
ܵӿû뵽˹ŹУùŹеԽŨ
꣡
Ѻ۵Ĺ׸ǱһֻڵĴƿҶ翴һɫ۵ûն۾ðĹ⣬˲
ɣû뵽칬Ȼһ򣡡
Ż߳ɫŹ׵ãҶһϳǽʬ֮ɣ͸ʵﵽǹ£ʮֵĿ¡
ݣ
ڰ׷߷ҶעⱻԶĽʬ֮ʱԥʩչƣȼǿѪһĹ켣Ҫܡ
˵ˣӲ
Ծһδɱ䣬úεǿڰ׷ͻΧܵ˲䣬ҶͻȻͻΧ·ϣֳַħ˲乥֯һĽâ𣬷еܿռ䣬һν˻ȥ
䣬췣
ʶҶĿ£׷֪ԼٲƴпȼȫѪʩչյǿһйҶ硣
׷߹˲䣬ֳһ԰׹ʥҲն˹ҪɱҶ硣
޼
׷߻췣ЯǿĹϮҶȫƸǣΡߴĻľӰֳ塣
һȫĵ⣬ɫͻ֮ںһ𣬻һ޵е֮⣬ſռ䣬Ŀ׷ߣɷĹײһ
䣡
ǿĹڰжײˣµϵƻ칬ϷĿռ䣬Ĵ˵Ѻۡ
칬һɣµǳܲס֮ϳݡ
ۣ
ӲҶʩչĻ޼׷ֻһ֮ӿ뵽Уƻơ
ɵķȻڰ׷֮ϣӲﵽͨĻ޼ͬܲסĺɫ۷飬׹֮ϳ˵Ѻۡ
Ʋϵؼأ׷߲ƣٴʩչҪܡ
Ҷʮʱ٣Īٶ£׷߸޷ͻΧȥһδαҶ͵Ĺˣһֱ۸Ǳħնս½
СҾҲҪµ
·Ҷȫ׷߾ˣʵŭһȼʥʩչʯٵʽҪҶͬھ
ǼߵҲûдȺûᣬȫĹݵ£޴һ޵еĹնҶ硣
֮
оĿ£Ҷûٲ׾ʩչ֮˷ħƣʩչһӭȥ
һ̳ԲĿռһƬռĹȫƿռ֮ɣռ·ʱ侲ֹһ㣬ֻʣңնһе񽣡
ۣ
׷߷ʯһ˺ѣڵʥ鱬ըҶʩչһ壬ɱ
ţƲҶһǰһƿɵĹݺݵشؿϣµĵͳǧڽӿ뵽У׹ǣڽڰˡ
ʥ꣬𣡡
ħƿɵ壬֧ʱʥӳ޾ĺ⣬һɵ֮նǺ칬̡


1714 
ˣ˵У
ĿҶǿƻɱ׷ԼɵһĻ칬ãĲˣѵ칬ӣѸƵҪѰӻ
ģ뿪칬ɱ⣡
ҶԶԶһߵĲãˣĴ
ʶҶ˵Ŀ£羪֮ĸŵòֻʶӣţѩһ˲ұ¶ҶĹϵҲ뿪ƮŨŨѪϢ˼칬
󣡡
ɵòãȫʧ˻꣬ӵغҪҶˡ
ǿϣ
׷칬⣬Ҷо칬صǿ۾ʱ
û뵽칬˵ǿ͹ϣƿꡣ
Ҷ磬칬ΪУ֣ҿȥ칬رѡʮߣ
ȻӻòãİһЩҶ粻뿪ǵΣԶ޷
ɱǣ칬رҵģҶЦһΪ
Ҷ磬Ϸǣ칬Ը֮£ãֻе裬ѡ񳼷
ðҾ͸һĻᣡҶЦЦ˵ǵƣ칬ңҾǲ
Ҷ磬Ҫ칬ݣ
칬̣Ҷߣ칬ӹһ٣ڲõĽҲᱻˡ
ݣҲ䣿ҶͱһЦޣڴҸһ·ִֿǾͱˡ
úãҶ磬ǵģҵҪ칬󣡡
ãҧгݵ˵ϵرƳѪڽУһ
ǰ鷳ȫ̽Ƶ
ȻǰɲҶԼȫʵƿ˵
ã
Ŀ࣬Ż֮ħ˵ͷְֳսǹ칬
ȣ
ħһȫӿ뵽սǹУһǹ̳ǹâһû뵽С
ʱڷԲʮӿƣһأħһǹ
һǹ֮ħһǹâϵش̽Уơ
γɵ£ħĹ޷ǿƿöеĲã˳һ
ʱҶ磬ȴ۾Լٵݣı仯Ѱƽİ취
Ծһδνﵽ˼µĳ̶ȣһδ£ҶԺиֳ˴ĹƣЩеƹһģһ
ǰ㣡
Ҷпٵص㶯ھҲγ㡣
ˣ
Ŀ㣬ħȫµǹâͬһʱ乥ϡ
ǣ
ʱһ𣬴ѺΪģٵӡ
һ仯òã˵ľ
ƣǵȴǵľֻˡ
ôܣҶ絽ʲôΪôʱ䣬νӵ㣡
ã͸󣬿Ž˫ĿԼݵҶ磬ĵĲԽԽǿҡ
ǰ㣡
һᣬҶݳ㣬ħ
䣡
ħȫ£ѵķΧԽԽ󣬿µϵ˺ƣ궯·һֻϵգء
磬ҪСĵ㣬Ͷ·ǶɥڴˣħըƻĶ
İǰɲףҲᣡ
˵ţҶԼݣѰνӵ㡣
ʱһһܿһʱȥˡ
£Ҷҵʮദνӵ㣬ħ˺һǡ
ѣҶԭʼ̥˽ȥ뵽Уƽ궯
ԭʼ̥ӽʱ⵽ƹԭʼ̥̫ӲƵĹҲ޷˺Ƿֺ
ƹԭʼ̥˷ͷ
ʱɼµ֮Ρĸɽݺݵغԭʼ̥ϣµǵԴѿѺۣӸǲϵ³
뵽صףԭʼ̥⵽Ϸ񹥻Ҫǻ
Ϲԭʼ̥·Ȼ壬ȫѨϣͷųǿʵ
ʱҶ磬ħֹͣ˹Զصȴš
ô죿
칬˲δԴԴʧѯʵ
Ѿ巢źţ彫һϢѾϱ壬ֻҪܰԮҶɣãĿؿҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ãϣϣȴԮʱͻȻо½оһ䣬ãͨӦԭʼ̥ɫ䣬¶֮ɫ칬Һͬھ


1715 칬
ұ
ãһǿԭʼ̥ΧҪը顣
䣡
ըͷž춯صĻ֮ƻԭʼ̥塣
Ҳը£һ޴Ѻۡ
лһƬʱҶȶŽᣬԼٶȷ˹ȼպѪǧڽǿдѺۣ뵽С
Ҷ磬ȥɣ
ãҶ絨ʱ򴳽¶֮ɫҪҶը
˭һ
ҶĿ˲ã˷ħһ裬ƻҵĿռ䣬˹ȥ
оħ͸Ϣãɫ΢䣬ϵҪ㡣
˲䣬ħͻȻı˹켣ܵĹ켣ϡ
Σʱ̣ãȫǱڶʱ㣬Ҫ㿪ħıɱһ
κΣħѵħ£ȫε㣬ܲħĹ
գڲãֵĺУħ̴壬һѪ
ҪɱǣԸ⳼
ĿͻƵһǵ֮ĲãҶһնɱɵ칬֣Ϊ˻ѡ
ԭվţ˭Ҷ߸С
ҶҲɱ֮ˣɱã֮ûдɱ䣬ٻؼƷͨʥħƯڰУ칬֣ԭʼ̥ɡ
ŷ칬ԭʼ̥ʵڽԭʼ̥ǿٵͻƵ֮
ʱһȥ
Լʮ֮칬ήˣǿȫԭʼ̥ˡ
ԭʼ̥ʵﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣԭʼ̥ﵽһǵ۷֮Ҷԭʼ̥Ǵﵽǵ۷塣
칬ԭʼ̥ͻһǾ磬ͻ֪ԭʼ̥ܴܲﵽ񾳽硣
оԭʼ̥ʵҶ¶Цݣ뿪칬أֱӴ˲رУѹ칬ĲرħƵ뿪ˡ
ܿ죬칬ϢȻ󲨣ҶҲ򳹵׵˲֪˲
ɽʥظǱˣ׷׹رɽţҶ鷳
̸Ҷʱ칬ҶûòƵԽƮ⡣
λƮлһͣλǹʱɣ
ҶƵƮɽʱƮڵɽ֮⡣
ǲˣƮѩӣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƵóƵ뵽ƮɽС
ŨƮЩı仯ĲС
ɽƮɽҶ緢ɽеԽŨһ¾;
ԽɽзȥҶ緢ɽлϢŲޣ⣬
ţʦ㣡
Ҷ˷ɵѩʱѩһӰһϢٲһٵط˹ȥ
ʲôˣ
оһϢɫ΢䣬ֳˮʥ͵Ĺ˲佻֯һĽӰ籼ϢĳϫͻȻҶ硣
ˣ
ۿʩչĳϫӰնҶϣռͻȻһ£ҶзѳһĽӰһƿ˳ϫӰնɫ΢ߡ
߽꣬ƮɾԴʵͻƵǵ۾磬΢΢һܿҶĹڰУֳˮʥҶ硣
ʵǣʩչϫӰȫʩչ£ռ·𻯳һƬŭĳϫһ˸߹һ˵ĹҶ磬ҪûڽӰϫС
ϫӰУҶȻ壬˫ֿٵػ֯һĽӰϵػųϫӰ
ҶѩĽ֣ɵĶСѩƮˣǷ׷׸ϵ˺ɽ鿴
ʦֵ߽ܿǺˣʵ˵Ŀ£
ϪԶԶ̸ЦƵ߹Ҷ磬ɵñʵʵ
Ϫûиоֵ߽˺ϤѩƮԶҶ磬˵
Ϥ
ϪգƯĴ۾ԶԶؿҶ磬뵽˼С
ƵݼѩϪʦ㣡
ʱûòƵ̤ѩƮǰ
ƵѩƮɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫƵǡ
翴ʦһʱʦдƵ΢΢һЦ͵
磡
ԶԶƵĻصüͷʱ磽⿪¶˵ЦݣʩչյǿһУҶ硣
Ʈ
һȫĵݵ˼£µĽâݻ޵дնҶ硣
ʩչƮҶ˫ֿٵؽݻһĽâӭȥڰзżҵĶײµƮڡ


1716 
ʲôƮɽôƻ
оƮɽ𶯣ţĽѩѩһ˵һʱѩȺɽ˼ҽֵҶߡ
ʦ㣬ˣְͣɡ
ʵ͵ĹҶ̸Ц˵
ðɣ
δߵ˵ͷֹͣ˹ҶƮŵǰ
ݼ糤ϣѩ峤ѩʦ㡭
ȻҶʵѾԶԶŵˣŻʮ־صģǰ
磬ǳ磡
ŵüͷһƣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
¸ƮڴõӰ죬СݻģҶ͵
ͺãͺãż˵磬ȥƮ˵
˵꣬ŵҶ磬ƵƮ˷ƮԷҶϢй¶ȥ
磬ллΪƮһУûûڵƮڣŷĵĸм
̫ˣⶼӦģҶ΢΢һЦһ͸ǡ
˵ţҶóöǬָš
ǡ
ͷ͸öǬָʱ۾ɵùԲһӴסˡ
ϴ칬رõģ󲿷Դã͸ɣЩԴƮӦлΪһҶ绺˵
磬ƮڵĶ飬治֪α𣡡ŵ˷ĵĸм
ͲˣҲڲõĽϣƮĵطҶЦ˵
ãۺ£Ʈڶ֧㣡ظ֤
Ҷ磬ƵܹϢŷΪʱ֮ҶҲû뿪ƮڣǱľ޲͸޵ս
ҶƮھʱ壬ĸֳ׷Ҷ䣬Ҫܡ
û֪ҶĶǽƷûҵҶ磬ľȴԽţֱӷɽš
ʱţһζʮȥˡ
ʮ꣬ǬĲռİꡣ
Ǳİ꣬Ҷ˴ͨʥȻδ̤һͻƵ֮ҲδͻƵ徳
͸޵꣬ҶԵʵͻơ
ȫɱʥͼʥӵľ⣬սʮֹ˻޼ǿ
ޣѪʨɿճ棬м޼£൱֡
ħ㣬ƵڤʮѪã۵˵ʵҲõ˼
кħٴͻƾ磬ﵽǵͻƵǵƵͻƵǵڤʮͻƵһǵͻƵħѪȻûͻƾ磬ͻһǹҲһ֮ң
оǱޣ޷ͻһҶֹͣ뿪Ǭ׼ѯ꣬ǰ
֮ȥΪʵ޼һУ֪Լĳ˭Ҫȥ򱨳
磬ʮ꣬ǳĽţ壬һѰ㣬ȰǲҪȻ¶棬⡣Ķ
֪ȥһ򣡡
壬Ͼ漶֣֣ҶҲǷͻ׼ʱȥ
ҪȥҲ̫ƽȥΣգ˵
ôڷڶ𣿡ҶЩ˵
ţڶѾϰˣдԣڶйأΪڶ壬ڶԭҲŵ˵ͷ
ڽǲǺ鷳Ҷüͷ΢΢һ
ţȷʵе鷳ŵ˵ѱҪȥס
ɷ׼ȷλøңԼ취ȥҶ
ðɣȥҾͽ׼ȷλø㣡
뵽ҶϵܣûȰ˵λԼһͼ
л
֪λãҶ˽һᣬ뿪ˡ
ԼҶһһǱţѩһˣ뿪Ʈڣƻ֮ʥͼûòռ涴һδδͣ˷ŵ⡣
ɿճ棬ɳ涴
Ҷ糢Σ޷ţٻɿճ棬ǿҧһռ涴
ɿճ治ϽɿԽԽǿϵŬҧһռ涴Ҷ뵽ҷ֮С


1717 
ɽɽ䣬˼ҡ
Ҷɿճ棬˲ٹڴԽһĿռ涴뵽˷䵽һصСС
ƯĴׯ
ҶһɽУģС˿ϡٵĴׯ׼ת뿪
׼뿪ʱݵȴ쳣һĿͶ˴ׯڴׯУһִĹľȻľѿ£ȴоľ򵥡
ׯܣ
ҶһŻƮİУ˴ׯ֮ϣׯЩ죬ĹľԼ˿Ᾱʯ·нһϵׯ
ź棬Ҷ䵽˴ׯ⣬᫲ƽĻأ߽˴ׯУҪ̽̽ׯ
ʲôˣɽʲô
ͻȻһ۵ĶУһɫСӣͷЩң۵͸һĨ԰ףֻʮǰ˵
ˣ
Ȼǰ죬ҶһۿԼһѪ
Щ⣬ԸӦ£Ҷ緢ڳһϵزʳ
ûж⣬ֻżȻ·һ޲֪𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
ûпջûطޣҶ缸ۣЩ˵
Ǻðɣȥ䣬֪𣿡껰е⣬Ҷ粢⣬ʵ
ԣǰ뿪
˵꣬겻Ҷ磬ת뿪ˡ
뿪Ҷȥִ̫ˣһ·ֻˣܿ죬ʮ˺ϱܱĿľ£ḧľ·۰㣬ûһ˿ƤͨԸӦľʵ
ס֣˲ôľ
Ҷ۾ĬĬӦľʱһŭŮ𣬴
˼Ҳ֪ǵĹأ
Ҷջ֣תȥһسȹеģƤЩڣò͸ű飬󴦴ŲݻŮվԼ͵
ɽ岻ӭˣ뿪ȹŮӲһ˿˵
ΪΣѵմȾҶЦЦ˵
ʲôˣ
ҶἰȹŮϵĵŨˣʵ
㲻ҪᣬֻżȻ·ĸȤﶺգҶҲסҿԼڵ㲻ĥ
ģ
ȹŮ۾һ¶˿˿
ÿαĥ۵ȥǵʹΪجΣÿÿͷƤ飬һܵܣÿÿԼܵʹ޲ʱʹԼܡ
ҶܼǽܶǲĥԸ⸶κδۡ
ָңȰʱ֪ûƭˣҶ翴Ůɵף
ã
Ůԥһ£ǽԼ޳ֵݸҶ硣
ץסŮ΢΢Щֲڵ֣Ҷ֮ڵ֮鴹֮ӿ壬޸ʳƻ塣
֮ӿʱŮӸоһ˵оȫëһ̶
ϵؼᣬŮȫҶĻ񲻶Ϸ΢ı仯
˰ɣ
ŮϵĵⲻϵؼᣬҶɿֵ
ǡ·ŮҶ磬ɵ
ţǡ·ĶǴȤҶ˵ͷ
ˣȥҼסɣϣܰҵܵҲĥˣŮӷҶ۾ʮ峺Ļ
û⣡
˵ţҶŮλڴ嶫ôľɵĶ¥С
ô㣬Ҽʲô
ҶڴǸ꣬ҶңϵĵŨǳ
ӷģŮ͵
㣬ǲǱƭˣҾǺˣӷУؿҶ磬˵
ӷƭӣܽڵҡҡͷ˷ѷ˶׼Էɡ
ǽ㡭
ûʲôǣȥ˷Ŀ
ðɣ
ӷִҶ缸ۣǹԹȥ˷ˡ
ɽ忿ɽɽӣ˴󲿷ɽΪʮ嵭ҶԵȴһζζޱȡ
Էڼ䣬ҶһһܶģӲż˽һɽ壬֪䣬ӵƾõʷ
ΪԵʣɽ֪ɽʷ֪ǴεѪ
Ϊʲôǲ뿪ҪʴҶ粻ʵ
ڵ£ͻ͵ԽԽŨһСڳ׷һ߽͵
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ĬСɽ廹ЩϵʲôܣȻھͳ
Ҷ˼ʱӷͻȻӿ۵ӡ
֪䣬ڵˣ۵ȥڵϷ


1718 
ܵܣ
ʹӷɫһ䣬˹ȥؽ§˻УҶͶȥ
Ұɣʹ
Ҷ꣬ӷܶߣٵץӷ󣬿֮ڷʹ
֮£ӷ͸Ƥָ̬ڵʹҲԽԽ
֮ӿ룬ӷڵʹȫʧˣ֮˹ȥ
лллл㣡
оӷڷʧ鰵һĵĸм
ңһ壬ܸ𣿡Ҷɿӷ󣬻˵
úãǾͰˣ
˵ţļ鱧ӷһÿľɣΪªľߣ˴ϣҶΪ塣
֮飬ɣ
֮ʥ̺ǱҶʵ֮Ҳ֮
Ҷѵӷ·ָؿڣ֮뵽ӷУڵ
ʱ֣Ҷоӷڵ֮ȫɣһջ֮飬֮ؿ˺ۣһԵȴߵܵڵӦñɾˣҰ
ţã
˵ͷҶªķС
ʱҪƤģҲռˣҶ鱳Լ
ţ㣡
ϸֳһΣ˵ͷҶ˺Լ󱳵·¶˹ĺ󱳡
ţоһɷ󱳵Ƥһӽ뵽塣
ɣ
֮壬Ҷ֮ɣĸʱڵڵΣ
ˣڵҲˣҶջ֮ǽӦòĥˡ
ллӣ֪ɷΪɽ˽Ѹһ·ÿΪǳ걥ʴɽľԽԽ١
ԣҶ˵ͷϢ£Ϊǽ
ллӣм˵粻ҷϢɡ
뿪Ҷ򵥵Ϣһ£Լһǿȥ˽ȺɽУģСɽ壬ɽܡ
ţԣ
ҶԸӦʱͻȻ˽յ˫ۣ¶һ˿֮ɫѸӷķ䣬ոڻ
磬ԭˣллң
֪Ҷǽܶڵӷ¶˸м֮ɫǸ˵
ָң
Ҷ˴ߣץӷ֣ͷǿ͸˽ȥ塣
ô
ӷʱҶüͷšһ֣ⷢӷڱ֮ɸɾֳˣڻǿ
ӣҵܵôˣ
ҶصףĲɵý
Ҳң
Ҷץ֣壬ڱӦҲˡ
䣬
ҶһδݸӦ£ҶԼо
֪𣿡
Ҷɿǽܶ˵֣˼һʵ
䣿ʲô䣿
죬ѽڵȫɣҷڵָֻˣովҼ飬ԼиоҶû˵룬ǳڣûرûй䴫ԡ
ûУܶ˶һۣҡҡͷɽشƫƧӴ˲࣬û䴫ԡ
ǿɷһˣ뿴ǷһҶ˼һµ
ãȥˣ
ӷ´¶ƶĲЬܳȥˡ
ܿ죬ӷ£Ƥƣ·òһŮķ䣬Ҷڵ塣
ǵӷһ֮ɺʱֳˣҶ϶ڵԴѪС
СɽϵʲôأȻпܵѪ䣿
ҶԽĸоԼСɽ岻򵥣ž֮գȤԽŨ׼ﶺһʱ䣬Ž⿪ܣǷдջ
飬ڻ϶޷ԴѪУڻûҵ׸İ취ңҾﶺһʱ䣬ҵƽ֮𣿡Ҷһ
һоͰйˣܶ˳Ҷؾһм˵
ȲҪлңҶҡҡͷҲûȫİգҪǽܵϡ
ãԸϣܶͬ
ǺãҾ취ܽ⿪𣿡Ҷ˵ͷסɽ壬ͨԸӦǽܶ˵仯ѰѪܡ


1719 
ʱţܿһʱȥˡ
һУҶÿܶסһͨԸӦı仯
ȻһУڵûٷҶȴظоĳɳ
ͨԸӦһûзκмֵҶ翪ʼιɽ壬ϸоĹľԼ˿ڴеᾹʯ
ţԣľе⣡
ҶϥڿľʮʮҹͨһδݸӦûвɣͻȻһ죬ܲ꣬ݵԼľɿеˮ
ľѿˮˮ˵ûп
ѵұԻˣľľ
뵽Ҷ罫ľٻ˳ûľľľ
ˣ
ľڰУϵرҡҷɫӳй⣬ɢƣȾʮɫһɫһ㹥˿Ĺľ
ŻľĳɳɫƷͨʥܶڿľϣȴδƿӲƤҶΪ⡣
ħƣ
Ҷһٻ˷ħȫն˿ľ
ޱȵķħڿľʱһǿķ֮ڷħγɣ͸ħҶֱУֱ۳һ˿ĸо
ʲô徹˵ļӲ
Ҷüͷһƣû뵽ħҲƲľƤ
ħ飬
ҶԽоǰľ򵥣ǿл˷ħеħ顣
㻽ʲô£
һڷħ
ħ飬ʶǰľ𣿡Ҷ紫ʵ
ҿ
ħ鼫ԸƯħ꿴ƿĹľ£ΧľһȦһȦ
⣬ѵʮľ֮һһǴɵ
ħ£ʶ㲩£ϳ꿴ƿĹľ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
˵
ȻҶûмĴʮľ֮һ̺ǿ֮һĿǣĵطݲ
Ҳڵ䣬ԴҶҵࡣ
תһ룬Ҷַ⣬һڸɽĴλȥأ
뵽ҶԽĸоԼ·СɽŴܡ
ħ飬ħǿĹҪƿƤ
ܷ⿪СɽܣǰǹؼҶһȼպѪںʵޣʩչ֮
ˣ
ħϣȫǿĵ⣬ںһ𣬿µĽǿƿӲޱȵƤ
ţľɫƽصƤɹ뵽У̺ԡ
໣
⵽ľɣ·ȥˣһëȻĹ𣬴ӿ·צĹ֣Żľ
ȻѴɣ̺󣬵ľǿľѽ
ľҡҷŻй⣬ϵĹŹ̺
ľôһľ
̺ԴԴʧиֳһĹԣŭ
һ񣡡
иֳҶǿĵ⣬һȥ˹ϣµĽϵƻŹҪѡ
΢࣬ȥɣ
⵽ȫŭ˹˾ŭأ緢籼ϢĳӣҶĹӲ˳ȥ
ʥգ
ҶһסӿϢٻʥ𣬷
΢࣬Ҫ㣡
ͻȻɳһīĹӰЯžҶ磬Ҫɱ
ˣ֮飬ܶԸģ
ӰϮħҶ꺣𣬴ߴٵ
ռؽ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ǿĿռ֮ǰγ˰ٵռƣӰѸٵĺ󳷡
ǣ
⵽ӰҶγɵĿռؽϵ飬µϢϯҶ磬Ҫɱ
Ҷƶٶȼ죬գ֮˳ǧף㿪˹ӰĹ
ʱҵĴɽĴ׷׸˹һ
Ҫ뿪Ƕû
ɽҶɫ΢䣬Ǵ
мðմ˹ӰΧڣоͰӷ
΢࣬ļŭˣҪ
Ӱײеӿ֮ԽԽǿ˲ӷˣΣǵ


1720 ˵
һ񣡡
ӷΣգҶ罫Ĺޣһ̽ī籩Уӿ֮ҪӪӷˡ
κ̫֮£ͷŵ֮£ҶĹܵ˼Ӱ죬޷ڵһʱӭӷˡ
ۿӷ˱֮ɱͻȻɽ˸ᾹʯһֱɽϿջûһֻչʮףյĴ쳤ণ˺籩ӷˡ
֪ʲôطˣ
Ű˿ᾹʯĴħ꺣иֳһϵļ䡣
ʲôطҶ紫
̫Σգ뿪˵ħߴٵ
ã
Ҷŷ˵Ĺ˺籩ѸԶһ԰ȫĵط
ӣɽ嵽׷ʲôҵܵôˣ
ʱ˹һŵʵ
ģܵû£ɽŴܣ֮ɢ䣬ԴܣҶһ飬ңٴŴ뿪ɽ壬ɽжأһᾡȫƿ䡣
ãǾһайˣ
ҧһ촽̬ظɽ񣬴뿪ɽ壬ɽУԶԶعעɽı仯
ħ飬֪ȫң뿪Ҷʵ
ûв´ǲĵطǽ£ıħ
񣿽Ҷüͷ΢΢һħ飬ϸ˵
ϹʱڣոյʱĴ棬ֱǷ棬Գ棬Ͳ棬ʵǿȻȻΪʣͳһ塣Գһ壬ΪڶʣһҪڽͲ֮
Ϊ֮λ綷ذ˶ò棬Ϊʣ֪ΪΣͻȻʧƣ׷ɱ
ӴԺ󣬾ҲûвϢΪʣ
ħ飬ô϶ǲ֮Ҷʵ
ţһ϶ҵĲ²ûдħǿʮľ̺ǲӰܿº֮˵ʵԺֲܿУͺܹ죬ڿӦǽɱĺ֣Ҳֻ޾ɱ档
ħ飬òʲôУҶû뵽ص˵ľˣüͷ뵽˼
Ȼ֮ؾŴԵҪõĴУѶ̫вʶɥ档
ϹʱڣʧܶѰҪõĲͨȴһ˵õǲ֮أпܽͨħ
ͨѧѵԲҶĸȤʵ
鶼ͨ㣡ħͨþǻָܶصˣֻһʩչͨһ˲ָҲǲ浱ѹ̡
侹ͨҶ粻ɵõһ
ѧͨ͵ڶһڹؼʱ
ôĶˣħĶҲҪ˵㣬ĶͨԵԽ󣬷ԽʵҪõĴУҪõϿɲС
ħ飬˵ҪεõϿأ
ȻҶʵ㹻ǿ󣬵漶ǰȴȻС
Ҿǹؼħ˵ˣһйأܻΪ𣬼пܵõϿɡ
涼Ͽ㣬㻹ǲҪע⣬һû
ðɣǾ͵Ȼľ˵ɣ
ɵȻ£ҶţľԿĵصȴȥ
ȴ֮ʣӰ֮Ҳս˰ȻĽ׶Σµϯ񷣬ŲݺύѺۡ
ɽڰ˿Ᾱʯѹ£ȴδܵӰ죬ֻмϽķݵˡ
ľҲ㣬ͣ
˸ְ취޷ľҲ޷жɫɣоԴԴʧŭѣϵء
ԴˣľȴᣬŻ֮ϵɱ䡣
ڲӰ֮飬ľ֮ļսɵĶ̫󣬾ɽ帽Ƿ׷˹
һʱ䣬ɽûƽʱѵһĴɽ壬ƱøӵĸӺͽš


1721 ľʱ
Сӣңﵽ׷ʲô
һĿ࣬ȫűըԼ⣬ӵһͷɫȫɢǿ۾Ĵ󺺷վڴһߴʯϵҶ磬
Ҷţվʯϼעɽеİ취
ʱɣоľɱ䣬Ȼľɱɣͽڡ
ģ˲ɣ㻰װư˺㣡ҶԼȻŭݺݵؾ
ڸ˵𣿡
Ҷ绺תȥ˫б絶Ӱ⣬˴۾һֱǧ⽣ĸоɫ԰һ֣ͷð˿ſź顣
ûǰٸҹŤԴ
ҶĮľתȥصȴ

Ҷľ棬󺺵ĺɵùһ£вһ˿⣬Ѹ뿪ˡ
Ȼ뿪ȴȥƻǰҶ鷳ܿ죬ҶΧʮʵ׵ĴŰΧˡ
Сӣ˵з£㲻͹ԹԸң򡭡
һƤĸݵĴײеؿҶ磬ؾδ˵꣬һĽâҶ壬ԳԽٵٶȣĺ
أ
Դ飬һѪǱ飬ɢؼ䡣
ӡ
űƤӵѪȫŭʮʵ׵ĴǷ׷ȼǿѪ仯ǿս̬һ𹥻Ҷ磬Ҫܣ

ҶһһǬ֮ӳ壬ͷǬ
ϴ칬ҶٰѼƷʥǬ
ٿǬ󹥻£ʮȫնɱѪ֫ɢһء

Ҷſͣ³ʥ𣬽Щʬںˣվʯϼȴ
ʶҶֶΣȫ˸ǲҿҶ磬ͨѶ飬﷢´˳ȥ
Сӣе㲻Ը㾹ȻûжǴɱ䣬ɢϢħЩʵ
жҺҪϿңֻñİ취ˣҶ絭شӦ
֣õ񴫳УٴħʱҶ˼
ĺ֣޷벻񴫳еأֻܽˣҶ˵ͷ
С湻յģϲħЦ
ֹ죬ͻȻгһƬ޴Ӱһֻչףͷһڣ˫磬צץɽĽӥС
Ĵ
оӥʵҶȻûһ˿仯ӦŻľı仯
ӥˣСˣ
ǰҲ֪ҰСӣɱӥ£ǻĲͷˣ
߷ľ޴ӥٶԶ¶˾ϲ֮ɫҶԽ䡣
ǣʲô
ӥ͸ҵĿռ䣬żɱĲ֮飬ԼԳľԲ۾¶̰֮ɫ
֮鼤սɵƻֲ̫Ĵ˼ɣѸٷɵ˴ڣҵҶ硣
壿ӥûΣԶԶؿҶ磬ûһ˿۾еɱӵǿң㵨ӲСһ壬ɱҿǻòͷˡ
ԸһĻᣬ浽׷ʲô
Ĵû𣿡
ȻѾһܣҶȴƣؿһĽӥм˵

Ҷȫŭ˽ӥŭһٻһƷʥȼĳǹһ⣬ƾ˵ĴҶ硣
Ʒʥң
սԲ磬ҶȰͨʥƷʥ޷˺ֺ
һ̤˲ڵϣӶѪȭͷӭ˽ӥĽǹ
ˣ
ҶȭͷޱȵĽǹⴥһʱڽµֱӽӥеĳǹѹ䣬ֱ۲Ƥ
ʲô
ӥû뵽Ҷ˵Ŀֲɫһ䣬ϵҪС
ʱһâӳҶ꺣ʥĺɫ٣һն˽ӥԴ
ʥ꣡
Ŵնʥ꣬ӥûֳּ꣬Ʒʥǹȫ
ʥֲ̫ƷʥǹֵסʥһƲն˽ӥ

ӥ˾ӱʥһѪ
Ҷٻʥ꣬ɱӥ֮ʣľʱ䣬Ĵɣ֮ɫҲԽͨʥӵ֮


1722 Ҷļƻ
ľڿԽѵһӵ֮
оľı仯Ҷ¶˵ЦݣԻľȫԻˡ
벻Ӱս֮飬ͬܵӰ죬ϵʧԽԽֵסӰƱȫѹˡ
ĶҹҴɱ䣡
Ҷ˽ӥ羪֮ŵ÷׷׺󳷵Ĵؾ
ĿҶɱӥһĻڳдסˣľ棬׷׵ĺ󳷣˳ɽ塣
ɽеܹ죬ٵĴû뿪Զע֪ﵽźεȵܡ
ľԩ޳ΪҪң
ڵľ˴룬ԼĹȴ޷˺ľ񣬴
Ҷ粻Ϊƻľ
ʧ֦䣬гִѺʱӰͻȻ֮顣
֮鱻𣬸һԽԽձľʣĿľ
ȫľɳ̺Ļ֮ӵǿֱǿƷ
ľҶԥһ£ԭʼ̥棬˻ҵɽС
ߣҲȥ
ɽ彥ָƽٵĴҲ봳ȥ
ǿʱȴ⵽ԭʼ̥ɱ¾һʵĴԭʼ̥˺ӣѪȵһĻǲٿ
ǰңҿ԰㱨𣡡
ɽ壬Ҷ翴Ӱʼ߽⣬
㣬̫ˣӰһҶ磬˵㲻ˣ޷̳ҵĴС
˵꣬Ӱ߽ˣںϵ˰˿ᾹʯУҵɽָֻƽ
Ҿ֪治׽Ĵ˵ģħҶ꺣
ΣĴһҪõ
۷洫У綼˲õĻԵ񶼻ĶҶ׼ʵʩһƻ﷢ɢȥ֣򿪲Уȥᱦ
ȻƻЩðգȴΨһеİ취ҶţĿǰյֻҪ֣ܲƿش֡
ҵĵ̣˭Ҵע⣬ɱ⣡
ҶڰУŶԶܣԵޱȵľ
ģС̫ˣΪ
ߣʰģ
Ҷľ棬һŭѣҶʵֶǣǸŭԣɽ巢飬ȴһ㴫壬֮
ӣﵽ׷ʲô
ŷҶ磬Ľŵ˹ʵ
ǴŴܣڵԴܣҶ򵥵Ľ͵ڵӦýˡ
ģ
¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
汲֮ĥʹ֪п¶ϲá
࣡
Ҷ˵ͷ֮ӷڵ֮Ȼ۲ڱ仯
Ҷ²һɽڵȻȻʧ֮ڵǵ޺֮ǡ
ңɽͲҪˣ뿪ɣȥǶûҶ翪ʼȰ˵뿪
ӣ𣿡ҧһ촽Ҷ
ҪˣҶҡҡͷöǬָ㣬Ķ㹻ؽ԰ʵڸ᲻ʮٻ
ǹӣǻټһ𣿡Ҷ͸Ǭָ
ԵڼãҶ΢΢һЦ͸űˣΣվҪˣ뿪ɡ
лл
֪ԼҶ粻һˣȰ˵뿪
Ĵأ
û˺֮ǣҶصɽ壬ʼڴеİ˿Ᾱʯ
һָоҪҵڣ˿Ᾱʯǹؼ
ԸӦһ飬ûз˿Ᾱʯкر𣬸ûǵܡ
֪ǵľѪ𣿡
ҶһóΪҽʱõľѪһһڽ˰˿ᾹʯС
ˣ
ں˵ľѪ˿ᾹʯͻȻ˱仯һڹʯӿɽۣ֮ٴλ˲Ӱ
С㻹𣿡
ӰӸµؿҶ磬ʵ
ǰ뱨õǰУһΪǰ𣡡ŲӰͷŵǿϢҶһ
û뵽㾹Ȼ֪ҵ£Ӱ̫ˣõҵĴУҲ޷Ϊұ𡣡
ǰĻҪ˵ôԣҶЦЦ˵
ðɣܴңҿұǱҵǿԸһᣡӰ˫Ҷ磬ȷʵЩڲͬı
ã
ҶһڴӦ


1723 洫е
ˣȻԼôģǾҿǱɣ
Ӱȶž޴ĳ򣬵ͷҶ磬˵
ǰ֪ʶ𣿡
ҶٻľԼͷ
ǡ
ǰĲֻһӰûв䣬δϳľ
ǻľ֪ǰ𣿡Ҷʵ
ľӰ¶ǿҵ겨˵һľľ
ţҶ˵ͷܿɲ࣬οľδȫ졣
ľȻˣһϣӰЩŵ˵ǴӺδõĻľ
˼ǰغԼһЩܣˡܸ㣡Ҷص˵
ܱľϿɣȷл̤۷壬㲢ˣֻܸ㲿ֻԵ޷ĵĻԵ͸㣡Ӱ˼˵
ǰһѣˣ㿴л̳Ĵ𣿡
˵ţҶ罫Ǭٻ˳
ޣӰ𾪡
ʮ԰ԼѪͳҲֻצ˵޿һִ˵еȴ֮ϣǾǿٵĻޣ
Ҷ˵ͷǰӦ޵ǱֻҪʱ䣬һǰ𡣡
ССˣӰҶðɣҿԸһᣬһõҴеĻᣬܲܵõҪǵ츳ˡ
лǰҶİϲ
ȲҪлңǰڴ֮ز˺ܶգҪ˵㣬һ漶ֽ涼ɥҪõУҪеطաӰѵ
ǰûľǲǿԸṩһЩҶ
ԣҿԸŻŻ԰ǵֵδеյĹ޷ΪṩӰ˵ͷ
лǰ
Ҷ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ˣҵʹҲˣʱеˣ
˵ţӰ쳤Хһµɽ
һ̣ɽİᾹʯըˣ˰˿Ź򣬷뵽ɽɽеĲ񴫳еء
ˣСеѾΪ㿪ܲܵõĴУҶϣгһգұ˽ǸαӣӰ
ãҶ˵ͷһڴӦǰһһҪ㣬дŵ֮λռ˾ԵƣΪλͻȻʧ
û뵽㾹Ȼ֪ô£Ӱĸ˵ðɣȻҪ֪Ҿ͸㡣
ұлɱǸαӣû뵽尵йᣬվشңʧȥһУձһĨɱ
壡
Ҷüͷһƣĸ˵û뵽徹Ȼ֮С
ѵҲйأͻȻҶ뵽һЩ顣
СŻ㣬ȥҴеˣסҴеؿʱֻһ꣬һ޷õմУеؾͽرգιرҲ㣡
˵꣬Ӱ廯һŹö̻ŷܵƵĹӰƮ䵽ҶС
ϴҵ洫еˣ޵۾һԾʵ
ţͷ˲ĴеأҶ˵ͷ
ϴǻʲôٽ봫еذɣҶЩȲҪ֪еʲôԵһ˷ܵ˵
ڻǽĻᣡ
ȻҶűоűõռУҪ̽̽ееա
洫еɢϢֲ̫˲ǰ̽ϢĴ
ܿ죬ɽгؾϢִ˳ȥŲٴðǰ뵽е̽ܡ
һʱ䣬ƽʱʽɽÿǰ֣һʵµĴ˷ϵ
洫еؼΣգðսһٶֻǱ˳ȫɥУŵòٴ˽뵽Ĵ㡣
棬µĺȻֲ
Ҷڲٴӡǣӵ˴ееգ鲼󣬶Щһ漶ֶɱ
ԼʮҶоһɿµϢˣϢ֮ǿһޣһʵﵽ񾳽
ˣ
ǬеȴҶ¶˵Цݣûȴš


1724 ȸ
浽ʲô
īɫۣǹͦΣӥǣͷ˸߲ʹһ͸ŹĲеأʵ
ȸʮֵΣգв󷨣ǽǧף⵽󷨹ܵÿ죬ºһɥˣ
һѵĴеصո֮һĿȸ
֪Ǻεµؾ𣿡
ȸ˫֣۾˸Ĺâͳʵ
֪ؾ˾򵥣˵
½ȥ̽̽գҪ֪˭µؾȸ˼һ£
ǣȸ
һĽС߲ϼ£㷢ϲһ񾳽ļóһѣشٻȭͷСٶȼļ񣬷ɽ˲еС
ûãɫ΢΢һ䣬оɽееļ񲻶ϵȥоա
ϣҵļɽǧףȫˣ
ɫѿ˵Щһô࣬۲ѡ
ȫˣΣΣȸɫ˵
ǳΣգ¸ֽ뵽棬ϣ˵
ߣǼҽȥ
ԽΣյĵطԽдԵȸһżȰ˴뵽ΣķĲеУҪԵʵ;˵ֶΣƵգûԵ
ÿµϢ⵽Ǻµؾ
еأȸоĿռϢһռһµĹƣƹ֮ϵعǡ
ȸ˵ʵ£ЩƸ޷вǣܿ죬ǧףһµĴ档
ϣΣգҵļ󲿷ֱɱˣɫص˵
ţǶ˺󣡡
ȸһŲʵĿȸḡһۻҵŹӳ·Ĵ
¡¡
⵽ȸṥƸֳڴϿռٵػγĹƣſȸĹ
໣
ȸṥϱ˺ѣȸ۾б׹⣬쳤Хһиֳһֻ޴ĿȸȶŲʵĳˣƽ˼ٻĴС
ǣ
⵽ȸӰٻĴҵĲһڶ
ὣƣ
ĿȸӰѴʱڿȸĿȸữһնصĹ⽣ն˴УµĹֱӽն˵ѺۣǿƵһ
䡣
ĿÿȸǿһĻ˴
ߣǼ룡
ȸ¶һ˿԰ЦݣŰ˴򴫳еȥ
ûãһعɿȸ֣ȫƵˡ
ƽڶʱȸԵĸоѹȻڶԶԶ˵һ⻹ǿʼ
ǹ۲ܣʲôмֵϢ𣿡ȸٻһɫͷ
ǣϣ
˴޴۲ܣѰһмֵϢ
Ȼеشδ˽˴޼ұеĽ䣬ûзκмֵġ
ܿ죬ȸֱһµĴ档
Ļһеؿռ䣬Ҫ뵽棬ֻҪǿƵһ취
ʵﵽµĿȸٻɫ񽣹ĻĹʱͻȻоռһ£һڵëĻĹƯ
ë
ŴëȸͫͻȻΣյ״ëиеһ˿ΣյϢ
ɫ񽣹ëʱëͻȻӳ޾ĺڹ⣬ΧһеĹ
һ̣ëûһֻɫ񣬳ХأٶȾ˵Ĺ˿ȸ
أ
ֻɫնɫײһ𣬶ʱ˿µķ֮Ӳȸһ
һ֣񣡡
ȸûд˴һ֣ɫ
ɫٶȼ죬ӵмǿ޸ȸ˺ҹһʱδܽ
ɽѹأ
Ϊ˿ƺɫĪٶȣȸٻɽɽͷųǿ֮ѹһأǿźɫ
ɫ⵽ɽѹʱ˴ʮĬͬʱ֣һ𹥻˺ɫ񣬿µĹӲɫ˵Ѻۡ
н
ɫ⵽شʱȸ֮ݵ£ɫǿһѿռ䣬ն˺ɫ֧ϣӲˡ
ţȸȾŴͬʱʩչǿĹĻĹҪ֮ǿнƿ
ȸĹڹĻʱһɳڹĻӳǵĹ
ã
ȸɫ΢䣬׷ٻƽзΣ
䣡
һϵмҵıը󣬿ȸ˱ǿķ˳ȥˤǧԶ⵽ش


1725 
ȸˣ
һذϢɽը죬Ȼ󲨡
ȸǿ֮һͳʵǹھʵؾеˣڴоؾеպͿ¡
һʱ䣬޴봫еأҲýš
ֹ죬һɳɽϿգϢ֮ǿ˲ɽеĴ
ȸ˵ˣ
һһɫƳۣͷڣŲһ˫ɫսѥĿߴɢɽƵӣ̤һϷʵ˵
û뵽Ҳˣ
Ϣֲӣϳ֮һʵڿȸ֮ϣﵽ񾳽硣
ʵ֮ǿ壬ħ壬ΪѪԭȸǳٳδԳ϶ѪٶԶԶ塣
йϵ𣿡ȸؿбȥԣĽơ
ãھͽȥǲôЩͽ
Цһڿȸŭע£뵽˲񴫳еУҪǿĵƺʵƵؽƣĴԵ
ʵǿȸ۷棬µĻĽ£ͬˡ
ǰĻĽƣٻȫĻƵԼĹȫĻĽƷ
ʱ䣬˺ۣɫѿ޹˻س˴еء
Ҳ²£ûƿĻƣ뵽棡ƲϷʵ˵ҾӦƿĻ˰ɣȻԲ䲻ţʵ
ȸҳȫ㣡۾ŨŨĳ޻棬ŭŵƵĿȸҧгݵľ
ϣ߳ŭˣȸ˵ΪԼΪΪ
ȸҵģ
Ϊ֮ڶһƵĿȸȫŭˣŭһֳһشڽƷͨʥȼ֮ͨն˿ȸ
ণ
һ̶ĳХ𣬿ȸֳнȫӭ˲䣬һֻ޴ĿȸӰֳ壬ſȸŭĳХ
أ
ͨʥײһ𣬱˼Ӳޱȵռ䣬ܵ˶ԹӰ죬ΧռֲΪĩƮɢڰС
ʵҲˣ
Ӳһƽɫȸ۾кͻȻͣ˾쳤Хըصؿݺݵغϡ
Ȼǿ⵽ȸͷŵХǱʮಽڵؽӡ
ԶΧ۵ĴǱȸĳХ߿Ѫʹ಻ѡ
ȸ򱻷йϵ
ǬҶ磬оڲе⼤ҵɱ¶˵Цݣӵȴȥ
ڵľԸ⿴ģֻоԽҲңȫлƵееգԼȫĽ뵽档
Ȼľڿȸ֮ϣȸŲǿĵƣټеʩչе⼤ҵɱδ·硣
ȸսذϵƻɽŵòٴ׷׺ˣ±Ǽսɵƻϯ⡣
ɱʱǿˡ
ͳԳԳˡ
Գĳ֣üսȻ˵ֹͣ˹ؿǡ
ôˣ
Ƴۣ£͸ˮɢ˸Գ¶һ˿Цݵ
Գ֮𣿡
ŭŲԶԳͺ
ΣԳЦһܾˣҵǲ⽫ȫɱˣҲָƽ
㡭
۾ŨŨķŭ棬ȸȴ뵽ĬԳȴ䡣
ˣǶҪҡԳ΢΢һЦη˵ȷˣǾ̸̸ɡ
ʲôúģ˵
Ȼûн뵽ؾУǵģҾ֪ճ󣬵ԽΣյĵطԽܴڴԵҪõĻԵǱҪлᣡԳ

֮ĹϵǢ˭˭ûгֹ¡
ǸоؾеĻԵͬСɣԵõ˵ԽǿĻԵƿ
ãͬԳ飡ȸ˼һᣬ˵
Ҳͬ⣬ƿĽƣٿԵҲͬ
ȻǶͬ⣬ǵǻָƣֽ뵽濴Գ¶һ˿ĪЦݣ䵽ؾ⣬ĵصȴš


1726 
£뵽˲еأƽŲееա
˶ԵİǿĵƣټؽƣǵĻƶǺˡ
ĻƣٶȲƸԵıƽŲееĽƣƺƶ
ʱ죬Ҷûٵȴȥ뿪ǬûòĽ뵽˲еأ롣
ԿռǿĿռ֮ٵռ伫˲ٹ򣬻˽һʱ䣬δ档
ƽʱǵõ˲ݾԶʥҲ֮ͨ²ؼ漶ġ
ֹһʱ䣬Լڴǿƿһʱǰľʱ˼ر仯
һɫĳǱǰΧһеĹ͸ŹϢ
ǱﾹȻһǱ
ԶһйĳǱ۾ʱ
ֱȷţĴо漶µģǱоо춯صıڡ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
ٶ۷壬ɿس˺ɫǱҪƿֺɫǱĽƣ뵽
ƿһؽʱͻȻͣסˣɫǷ˼ر仯
Ƿ֣ɫǱ޴ĳ£վʮɫսֳֳìɢŨŨӡ
ǵһۣ͸оǵĿֲʥɽɢһϢĸо
ÿµĿܣﵽǺεȴµĻԵ
Զʮսӣɫص˵
޷ɫǱеı֪ΣأȻû
㣬ȥǵʵ
һӣһ̽ʮܵʵ
ǣǣ
ºһȻ֪ǰȥ̽ΣԣֶΣòӲͷƤؿ˹ȥ
ˣ
ʮʱͬʱ˫һâͶһֱⶴĸоӲɵöһ£ͷűһƬ
ԤеΣգܵҪʱʮͻȻۣϪƽ壬ֱӽ飬ӲǱˡ
ÿ£ʮܵʵ´ﵽ£
ʶʮܵʵɫû
ˣԥˣҪõĴԵǾÿ𣿡ȸһ˵
ã񹥻
ֶΣҲѹ׵ĵƣƽʱٶá
һ̺ľǾͽʧȥ̣ܱ̲ܿ
ʱ˿̣ʮܵʵ֪Լûѡ񣬲òٻ񣬽֮ɱʮܡ
ۣ
ֱ˴ľѪڽٻУһɹɿµ֮Ϣ֮ǿ˲ѹʮɢ˽ơ
û뵽ȵƣ
ڰУйǿϢ񣬻ȺеҶ¶һ˿֮ɫ
񣬸ǣ
ͬ񲻶ϵر󣬴ǿ֮˺ܡ
꣡
âɣһֱ̤̤˼ӲĿռ䣬Яǿ֮ռ䣬ʮܡ
ˣ
оΣգʮֹһǹâգһĺںɫǱ⼤
ʮǲƵģˣǿ£ĵƣԽ񼶼ޣﵽ漶ˮ׼ʮ֣һʱסĹ
ʱƣʵƽ¶µĹȫѹʮܣǼӲޱȵĺ˵Ѻۡ
ۿʮܱͻȻһڹںɫǱӳע뵽ʮУٵ޸ǲƵ壬֧Ǽ񼤶
ʲô
ĿǰһĻ޵ɫ
ʱѾˣ޷ܣĽ󣬽ǵĵ̡
ʲôٳ֣ʮܣ
ɫǸԵ£һֹܡ
ڰͬʱ£ʮܵƸӵأѺ۸ԽԽࡣ
ۿǾҪ𣬺ɫǱӳڹ⣬ע뵽ʮ֧ĺУ޸Ѻۣ֧Ǽ
ģǺжϿռ䣡
źܵһδαɫǱ޸Ϊջ𣬲ϧٻ죬ںһγǿķǿжźɫǱʮ֮ϵ
䣡
ҵĴԽԽ졣
ʮܵαԼʱɫǱͷŵ޸ڹⱻγɵĴסˡ
𣡡
ץסᣬ뾫Ѫǿһٺʮܡ


1727 죬˫
ںʮˣ
ŻΪƬɢһصĺܣɵóһ
ƿţ
ʱƶ޴ĺɫţԵƿ˳ŴӡĽƣƿ˷ӡ˲֪µĳš
ûϢ
ɫűƿһɻԶϢںɫǱ˳
߽ɫǱóһſ¹ʯӳǱֳǱһɫĴһޱȵڴ
룬Ưһϣһֻɫͼ졣
ǣƵĺǲǸòǲɣ
ɫ죬µ۾ʱµؾǺµġ
죬ؾпǲµĴеأļĿȸ
洫еأ
ԳĸӵĻȡ
棬ǿǲΪĻʣʵֻһ֮ң˵ֱ죬˫̣ǼƷͨʥ˫̶
вĲͨΪ֮ۺ죬ǿѧᣬǵĵ̡
ǺƿȻƾ¶Σ۾˸׹
ã
ӡĴ£뼯֮пܽƿ֮£Գȸֻѡ
Ȼû飬Ǻɣ
˵꣬ȸԳߣٻԵıȫ˷ӡҪԵĹǿƿ
ˣ
⵽һǿƵɫͻȻӳ̫ҪĿĹâӳ̵۾
ŴĿâٻԵͨʥ͵ĹҪһȱڡ
µ£Ĺ޷вɫ󲻶飬޷ɫֺ
ণ
ȸ쳤Хһһֻ޴ĿȸӰ߸ߵԾʩչǿҪ鼫ٻơ
ͻȻʮ۴ֵƷһɱ˿ȸµĹϵشݻ˿ȸĹصĿȸӰˡ
ۣ
ȻȸܿʮƹеǽˣѪصصڵϡ
ȸˣԳɫ΢䣬׷ֹͣ˹ԶֲĴ󣬷ǿͷ
оǰɫ޷ƿ֮󣬵жоĴǰоѰ
ʱҶ粢ûнɫǱУƵ˳Ǳ֮оԸӦһǿĽơ
ɿճ棬ٽҧ
оʱ䣬Ҷ罫ɿճٻ˳ɿճ潫˺ҧƣҪҧӺ뵽ɫǱжȡ
ˣܴҪҧҪһʱ䣡ɿճɿʱоƵĿ£
ûϵǵʵҪƿᱦ¸Ӧгʱ䣡Ҷ˵
ʱһȥ
ҶںɫǱ棬ػŲ˺ҧƵɿճ棬ټҲϵ˺ɫǱУʹоѰ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУɿճ潫ɫǱ󷽵Ľҧһ˸ߵȱڣҶڲ뵽˺ɫǱУȻϢĽ뵽˺ɫǱڶ㣬˵ڶ
Уһɣ£߲˫罣һԺɫ
˫ᣬĲ˫ᣡ
еħڷħƯ˳̰ؿźɫ򣬼˵
ħ飬ⲻ˫Ǻεȼ
ΪԵʣҶ޷оɫĵȼʵ
˫ǲԼ˫ƵıȼԴﵽò˫һ漶ֶ޷׷㣡ħ齫Լ֪ĸҶ硣

Ҷ˵磬ıӵлһеĿܵõ˫ᣬ磬ҪɱҲָ
ⲻ˫ҪõҶ簵Ծ
ħ飬а취ƿ𣿡Ҷһʵ
Сӣ̫ˣǲµôƿħ鼫Ի͸Ҷһİ۵
ðɣԼ취
ҶһϥԣԼٵݣѰƽ
µ󷨽ṹ
ҶʱĲṹ£ɱԲ͸Ϊѡ
ģֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬һҵõĲ˫ᡣ


1728 
ʱţֹܿȥ£벻еعرջ߸ʱ䡣
²򣬼ݵĽṹ̫£Ҷ粻ȻĵؿݣѰѵ
оʱ󷨴Ҳҵ
ҵ󣬵ȴ⵽ƵĹ˲Ϣ֮䣬㲻󷨴𣬻һѪʬ޴档
ģⶼˣȻƲ󣡡ٳƲЩջ˵
洫УΪô׵õֵԳɨһܻ˵
ǿĴҪô׵õ⴫еؾǼٵˣοƿҲ㣡ȸԵ
ߣһǱģ˭Ⱦָɱ⣡һԵʮ˵
ǾͿ쵽˭ȸʾ˵
ʮԳȻû˵ᶨľġ
˵ǵˣ˭õ죬Ƕɽѹҵ£һͳ
ԣȴƵἫƷͨʥʱһݵҵ
ħ飬һ֮
ҵҶ͵˽յ˫ȼǿѪʵ˲˼£ħ֮ơ
֮
ţҶ֮һն󣬿µĽƣӲһȱڡ
ԭʼ̥᲻˫ᣡ
ȻƿҶ粢δΣķУǽԭʼ̥ٻ˳䴳󣬶ȡĲ˫ᡣ
ˣ
ԭʼ̥⵽ƹԭʼ̥弫Ӳɱ޷ƻ壬ӽ˲
ľѹ󣡡
Ϊ˼ԭʼ̥ѹҶһٻ˻ľƻľϵر֮ϣɫ룬ƽУеƣǿ
ľѹĻᣬԭʼ̥ڲԣ˫ֽرס˲ؽӵ𣬴
䣡
ԭʼ̥Ḷ́⵽ƵĿը᲻ɴݵ壬ܲס˵Ѻۡ
ڻľϰѹټҶֳַħ͵Ĺ
ڣԭʼ̥СĴۣɢǿϢĲ
ʯȻкʯɵģʵ̫ݳˣ
ŲħٴƯħΧŲתܣ̾˵
ʯļƷʯ
йںʯĽܣʯ缫ľʯ̺ǿӲޱȣǴ֮һ
û뵽㻹ʶ֪ʯħĸ˵ôһʯõ磬ܶһٺñοʯϻһȼĳСӵʵ̫ˡ
˫ᣡ
Ҷ绺ߵ˸ߴĲ£ҧָξѪ뵽˲˫УŶ
ͻȻ˫б⣬Ҷ磬Ҷȫëһ˲ֱܵĽз
˲䣬˫ᶯˣɫ֣˿ռ䣬նҶ磬ҪҶն顣
Σʱ̣ҶöӰıǰγһ˲˫Ĺ
ľѹ
Ҷûڱ£ٻľѹŲ񣬽ţϵ֮Ѫڽ˫УŶ
֮Ѫ㾹Ȼӵк֮Ѫ
ͻȻһҶ꺣һ̣꺣гһȫںڹУһͷ˲ƥиоӰӡ
ǲ棡
Ż꺣е޵лӰҶ粢ţӵ޾κꡣ
û뵽㾹Ȼ֪棡Ҳ֮ɷңʵĺ֮ѪӺδ
Ҹ׸ҵģҶ˼һ£ʵĸ֪
ΪѾȥֻʣһƲл꣬Ĳ潫ԼɢȥһָоҲ֮Ѫܴ򶯲棬͸Լ
㸸סõĺ֮Ѫʵ
ǿչ·Ҷ
ǿչ·
浮ʱ伫Զ֪ǿչ·ãûеõ֮Ѫľ֮ֻǵõ̺Դ
̺ԴԼĴУΪľ԰
С˺֮Ѫ㸸״ǿչ·õʲôҶԼصĸײŨȤʵ
ľҶ
ľһľǿҵ겨ȵȣ˵Ļľѹҵܵɫľɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
֮ѪľȻͬʱһϣѵ뵽س˼УСӦһ£Ҿͽ˫㡣
ǰǲҪΪ㱨𣡡Ҷ
ֻҪ㷢ΪұнǸαӣҾͽ˫㣡˵ͷ
ãɽ
Ҷ˵ͷģԡ


1729 ս
Сһɱ˽ǸαΪұ𣬲ʱһҪС̫죬ѣҲ
Ҷ¶ĺ󣬲¶ЦݣĶ
̫죡˭
Ҷ˽ޣ֪̫ˡ
̫ǻ峤ƿػ£Ȼ˺¶棬ʵ壬شҵˣҲ˵
лǰ棬һСĵأҶ˵ͷǰ֪ҪõĲͨ
̱ͨҷӡǱϷҵĹǺһ𣬲ҪõҪõҹǺϿɣӵлľͺ֮ѪһܵõҹǺϿɣ
С˫㣬ҵʹҲˣϣɳŵ˽ȶ
˵꣬ӰҶ꺣ҶصʵС
˫ᣬڣ
ҶһѪĲ˫ٻ˹ڽС
һˣڵ˫ᣬҶӵк֮Ѫ֮Ѫ벻˫ȡϵսУƺ֮Ѫٵ
ͬʱ󷨴ʹҵѵ
ûԥ׷ٻǿ񣬽Ӳ˺˵Ѻۡ
ҵģ
ѣһȫͷųһֻ޴Ӱ̤ſռ䣬ƾ˵ĳУҪ֡

ȸԳ۾ɱ֣׷׿ǿĵƹĻᡣ
ٶ̫죬ʱץļãգ֮ǣѵУץ졣
˲䣬иֳһֻɫ쳤Хȶźɫ򣬹
𣡡
Ӧٶȼ죬˫ֽճѪʥն˺ɫӲɫĹ
䣡
նĳѪʥɫ罣ְĳײһм޾Ļ⣬µݺݵغϣڽڵİˡ
ɫ˵˲䣬׷Ŀȸ۾͸ŨŨɫһֻ޴ĿȸӰֳ塣
н
ȸһ˲䣬ݵ£ն̺еһƿ˻ҵĿռ䣬һնʧصҪ˻Ὣնɱ
Ѫ֬
Σʱ̣ĵƣ˳ɫһǿѪ֮бƶʵڽ˲Խ񣬴ﵽ񾳽磬ӲȸĹ
Գ㻹ʲôǻɱʱֻҪɱһвŻ
ԼʩչĴнԵʵֵסɫ΢ĿȸԳ
һ
Գһڣĳĵ۾ȼڵĻ棬һž˵ĿϢ˸ܵе

лû޴Ӱ̤գһŷɳ۵ǣײԳֵ͵Ĺ
ণ
һжսԳͿȸʱ˴̶ֳĺɫȶų򣬾޾Ŀ磬˾
µĹһӽ뵽˾֮С
˷ն
վĹ˼£ȼǿĵ⣬ųѪʥϵطѳһƾ˵ĸӰֵסҪͻΧ뿪
񱩣
ʩչİ˷նԳ仯ǿĿ״ֳֺ̬նһΡĴɽͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
Ѫ֬ȫȼգ
Ʋϵؼأȫŭŭ̶ȼѪǱӶѪʥȫĹԳĹ˺ϯڷ硣
ɽң
ԵϵƵԳĹʱȸſͣ³һҫɫĴɽ׹
Ʒͨʥ
оɽ͸Ļ֮ɫ΢䣬ȫ뵽˳ѪʥУȫӲɽ
䣡
һɾ޴ı
رײ˲䣬˿µƻϵطеƣټ񹥻ӡ󼴽Ƶˡ
㲻ҪνˣԹɣ
ɽȸһɽҪ˵ĻᣬնɱС
Ǹҵţģһ̤ǺڽһУ
Ƽأ⣬ȫֵɽ˲䣬ѰͻΧĻᡣ
ণ
ھת֮ʣͻȻɳѵҡΣγ˿µſռ䣬ϯµĹֱӽҡ˳ȥ


1730 
ãҪߣ
ҡҷռ䣬ͷž֮Ƶзߵļƣɫ䣬˱˴˼ɱѹ죬Ҫ֡
ণ
ӵǣ⵽ѹҡҷûһֻֻµĺӰĹ
һҵģ
صˣͻȻӿնʮðյĿ˵졣
˲䣬Ѫ֬ɳ壬£ײ졣
ãҪѪ֬ǿ죡
ٶԳȸɫ΢䣬ʱֹѾֻʧܡ
Ѫ֬һѪƶɵı̺ǿϢѪ֬ʱĹͻȻóٻҡҷĻ쫷粻ڹԳȸĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ҵţ죬һŤǵԴ֪Ե³
콨һĬϵ¶֮ɫԳȸɭȻֲ
һϣǧ죬ҶΣգ
о̬أȸӿնʹҪδȫĿ϶ɱ
Х˷
ȸԳǿ׳ͻȻͣһŭ籼ӿĺХϯǽĻᡣ
ԶĴİ˷ХеԴ·Ҫѿһ㡣
ƣ
ͷŰ˷ХԳĹ۷壬˫ֽź˿µХ
һҳҵĴгһʮɳֱ֮˺˿µХ
ڰ˷ХˮĹ£Գһֱ½޷ΣֳֳѪʥˡ
н
ǿƵԳʱȸӻһżݵĵ⣬һеĹ⽣Ӷ
ÿһй⽣նƷͨʥµöԶĴ˫ȷѸٵȥ
䣡
ȸʩչнĴɱмҵײµһ˵Ѻۡ
ڶʹɱʱԳ˺һצĺ
ۿԳǧڽĺؿڣѪ֬ںϵͻȻһХǰԳĺ
커ѵĽѪ֬죡
ǰһĻȸԳɫ䣬е̬ԡ
Ľ죬˵ǻԵѣԻ죬ǣǵĴС
Գȸ˵ˣһڱ
ŵǰ죬¶ͿЦݣŵ˵
δأ
ͻȻһڻҵĴһԽʮٵĽӰͻȻ֣ѱٶ˵ε
ʲôˣ
û뵽˻ڳǱֳֳ֣Ѫʥܵķ
ˣ
˲䣬оһɳ͸Ѫʥ뵽˫У˫۳صоǺʮס
˫ᣬն
һصҶƸոĲ˫ҵȶγһµĳն
ȻҶʵò˫ṥļ󣬵ȼպѪӵ޽ߵԳƶò˫ṥġ
˫ȻҶʵ޷Ͼͨʥ̫̫ࡣ
ۣ
Ȼ커Ȼ˫ύ֯ĳնˣѪѪ߰ߡ
˫ᣬǺǲĲ˫ᣡ
˵˭Ϊӵв˫ᣡ
ԳͿȸǰͻһĻҶӵв˫ᣬˡ
ľѹ죡
˫նʱҶٻ˻ľѹ졣
һδɱ䣬ľԽԽ£˴ɵûľӵѹ졣
һ
Ŀ챻ľѹһĻԳȸĸӵ𾪡
ֻеı̺ص޷󣬿Ҷ羹Ȼӵ
֮Ѫ
ľѹ˲䣬Ҷں֮ѪڽС
ȻںѪ֮֬ѪĵȼԶԶѪ֬ټϻľѹܿ죬챻֮Ѫˣж֮ϵ


1731 ĸף
ô
޷ţѼӾôˣ˲ʵŭ
ҵģһҵģ񣬸ɱ
Ѫɫ۾Ҷ磬ܻ
أ
£йǿϮ˹һȭƬĿռݣµҶ粻ӲӣѸٵȶ˫㡣
һɱ
ԳͿȸ໥һۣ񹥻Ҷ磬Ҫɱȡ
ɱң±Ӱɣ
в̫Ҷ粻Ӳӣȶ˫ٵ㣬ĹٵǱȥ
ܣ
Գŭһ׷׼׷Ҷ磬ƣ˳Ǳڶ㣬
ģ㵽ʲôˣΪǽ뵽Ǳڶ㣡
Գŭѣ޷ҶƤӵ£ǱǱڶ㣬õ˱Ĳ˫ᡣ
йϵ𣿡ҶЦһѸѵС
ס㣬Ҫ㻹ôӲ𣿡
ŭһ񹥻Ҷ硣
սʮ־޴󣬲Ϊ˻ɱҶ磬õһıҲôˣȫ
ˣ
ϮʱҶͻȻˣһƷ񣬻Ź
ʲôôܿ󣡡
Գɫ䣬ҶƿǾҲƱظشۡ
磬ϳ棬ҪҪ
ʵѾָ˼䣬֪ѹҪصĸףĸҲĻС
ϴҳȥҪ޴һ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷǬٻ˳
ޣ
ͻȻֵĻޣȫסˣˡ
ΪһϳǰĻǵ걻ѹ½Ļޡ
ëжϰָҪѹӣû뵽гһصɣ
˼ۺ죬Լĳˣޱ仯ƿڴ
Сû뵽ôδɱ㣬Ҳãס㣬ҲʵһɭȻ˵
²һˣҶӻ͸ɱϢ
Գȸȷ±˴˼ĳޣɱΣɱǣٸƾıҶв̫ò
ã
Գȸ໥һۣͷ񣬹
Ȼ󣬵ҶѾƿ񹥻£Ʋϵ顣
ڹʱϵصǲټĴһ𹥻Ҷ磬ʩӵѹ
Լʱ֧ˣµĹֱҶͻޣҪ˺顣
ţأ
Ļ𹥻֮Ծķ֣Ҷͻ޲ټ
ǲ֮ˣ
뵽ͷǿܣѰҶ˵䡣
Ҫˣһ
Ҷ磬ħƵѪã㣬룬ڤʮȫ뿪ǬڳǱڶ㣬ٻǿıͷ׼ķ
ʦĸ
ڤʮԶԳʱͻȻסˣ¶˼֮ɫ
ʮôԳҲסˣ¶֮ɫ㲻ǡ
ûʦҲûڤʮ˵ʦĸ㣬Ů
㣬ҵŮ
Գϵɫ˲ʧȡ֮ŨŨļ֮ɫҲû뵽ԼŮ
ĸף
ƳۣʮԳ۾кˮµˡ
Գٸʲôٳǣ
û뵽ȱʣԳıҶˣǶ˵в
ߣ˭˺Ůɱ˭
Գ¶Եһ棬ֳֺŭ
ȸ˭
ĲϵһɫɫˮĿȸʵ
ԳҿԴӦ˺ŮǶԸǣұ֤뿪󣬺ȸ۾˸֮ɫв
ߣǻȿԼĴܻܲ뿪ɣҶһԭʼ̥ѳ壬ſȸ
ĸףҵĶˣǻ˵
ٻԭʼ̥ʹԪʥԥԳ
ã
ԳһҶ磬оܲ򵥣չ¶ĵ̾ͳټĹϵԳ˲˾ٻ
úúãԳǵģҷģ뿪ϧһдԳһĴУȸݵ˵
ûᣡ
˵ţԳֳֺЯž֮˿ȸսһ
ǹ˲䣬ҲмҵĶײǧˡ


1732 շȸ
ëүү㣡
Ȼ֮ʵ༫󣬵Ҷ繥ʱǲϵһй⣬壬йеŭ
ǰȥԳǰˣҶ紫ħ
ã
ħһְֳսǹ˿ȸ
Գȸս£ʵǿħɱ˲˿ȸ޴ѹǿĹƱȫѹƣڽڰˡ
񣬸ǣ
Ҷһսֲ̫ѣٻ˻񷢶͵ķ
֮𣡡
ЯǿϮҶ֮뵽˲˫У˫ǿµ񷢶һ
˫ǲԼĳƵ汦£˫նµĳնֱ˺˿ռ䣬عۣն񷢶Ĺݺݵնϡ
꣡
һ
⵽˫ǿˣ⾪˵һĻڳˡ
ʲôˡ
찡˵Ĺô˵ĿֲȻһն񣡡
Ŀ񱻲˫նһĻڳˣǲǰһĻ
ڴɵˣͿȸҲɵۡ
ʮǺεȵļ̣Ҫ飬Ҫǿ
ѵܷǿһ
뵽ȸˣҶܷǿǿĹɱǡ
˵ز׾
̱Ҷնƣ⣬ıȫͻΧ
ӵõ𣿡
˫һҶ˲һǰ˼ǧڽһȭؿڡ
оҶһȭ֮ɫ΢䣬˲ںѪ֬ʵޣֳֳѪʥӭȥ
ͻȻһĿĺӳҶ꺣ϢնĳѪʥϣµĽס˳ѪʥĹ
ۣ
ҶǧڽȭͷҲһ˲ؿڣµݿķؿڣһȭ˳ȥ
ںѪ֬ʵҶһȭ
Ӱ
̵ҶĿ£ĵĲӵǿңʩչֶΣ˲û˵ӰӰ˸
Ǭն
ҶһǬ壬ſռ䣬Ļᡣ
ʵǿûӰʵ٣ȫ£ռǬӲˡ
ģ
ӰǬ˲䣬ݵı
Ҷ˲ħںһ𣬴̳һҵն˹ȥԳٶȣһС
أ
Ҷһʩչһ˲䣬ͻȻһıסһıɱһ
Ҷٻľʱȼӳ˳ڣӵ˳Ǳһ㡣
һӣÿȸԼ񣬷ԳħԼƵ˵ĲȫͻΧ
Ҷ磬ԭʼֱ̥ӷ˳ڣһĴϱɱ
ɽҿ
ȸٻƷͨʥɽɽһڿھѪɽǿҶ硣
أ
ۿϱɽײҶ壬ľҡҷɫڣݺݵسɽϣֱӽƷͨʥɽ˳ȥ
ţ˫ҵȶ֯ƥеĳնٶȾ˵ն˿ȸ

һĲҽ𣬿ȸ˫۱նӲնѪϱȱڴ۵ɫ԰ףʹС
ͣ
ȸ⵽شʱħְֳսǹ˹µǹâֱӶ壬ٵ
ȣȵȣǲɱңɱң峤һŹǵģ
һߣȸû˸ոյŰԼıҶʩѹѰϣ
ȸң÷峤йԳѪɫ۾ɭȻ˵
Ȼң峤ʵӦú⣬Ķ֣ȷ峤ƽڶͻע򣬵ʱұɱ˵᲻ŭȸѭѭյ˵
һҲԣ볼ң
ҶѾ潻񣬲峤ݣշȸ˵лͨȸӴ棬֡
ܣǷ峤ˣҲ᳼κˣȸԥľܾ
ɲ㣡
˵ţĴʥͼֳҶ壬ѹصĿȸսǬС
ţҶóһޱɻԣӲ˱ѹõĿȸУɻԵĿ˿ȸĴʶշ֮һĿȸ


1733 ʮ
ȸ㲻Ҫܸˣֻ㳼һ֮꣬Իỹɣ
űɻԿ˴ʶıĿȸҶ絭˵
ģûƭңȸɴ˫ۣؿҶ
ƭʲô˼ҶЦЦ˵Ҳһ֮ҸߣҲߡ
ˣǳȥɣ
˵꣬ҶصĿȸ뿪Ǭ档
ʱѾԳϣԳĻдޡ
Ҷӣллô࣬ĴûۿԳм˵
Գ̫ˣܺʶҲԵ֣ҶЦЦ˵Գ걱ڤ֮£ʵ͵λΪβҲᷢǵȱʡ
걱ڤ£ҺεȲæʱԳһҵʱ̣뿪򣬼п⵽֣Գ̾ϢһԼĴ˳
Գ֪Գһȶ𣿡Ҷʵ
ڵԳһƿҵϣԳһһϹŶԳ壡Գ˵
Գ֪ϹŶϵΣ
Ҷ֪嶼һЩΪ֪ĵƣЩƲ򲻵ѣ岻ᶯá
ϵ֮λԳ˵
ǳԳһǲһȸһϹŶ򣡡Ҷ
ţҿȸһһ񾳽ϹŶ֪һһ漶ϹŶȸһԽӻ
漶ϹŶ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵԻһ񣬵Ը漶ϹŶȴǶ֡
ȸȰȸһϹŶҶԸһİ漶ϹŶ𣿡Ҷ˼һʵ
ܣȸҡҡͷҿȸһϹŶҲ磬ҵĿƣ漶Ĳ༫ġҲ޷ܰ漶񡣡
ҪһҪӳˣҶ
Ҷ٣ôã
Ϊʱ£Ѫʵ
ɱһ
ڵˣҶ飬Į˵
Ҷһ£ʮһ⵽֣֮ħԭʼ̥ѪȵĹ£ʮһĴѪɥȪڵȫޣѪʨɣദľѪɿճա
ˣԭϢȴҽ״̬ѣǽǱ㣡
˵꣬ҶһϥڳŨŨѪζĳǱУٵˣơ
Լ󣬳صĿȸ⣬ȫָƣҶһĽƣ뵽˳Ǳ㣬ּһ
зӡʮŶҶҪĻʯһ׵ĳǹʣµߴﶼǵȼͣĵҩ
ԣ󣡡
Ҷߵԣϥ£ԼٵݣȫѰ
ӡ죬˫ȣӡʮޣټҶ֪һЩĲַ˽ʱ䣬ҵ֮ǿƵ󣬵õ˷ӡı
浤߿ŵҩȻ浤
ԳмҶ磬ֻҪһ浤ʣµ浤Ҷˡ
ҶҲûģֱħȸޣѪʨÿһ浤Ǿʵ
ħ飬ӵŻʯǲǿԽħָȼˣҶŻʯħ
Сǲҵˡħ鲻˵
ħ飬Ҿ͵ڰԼֻʵˣܸŪħ磡ҶЦЦѭѭյ˵
ϣСûƭңҾŹ㣡ħԹ˼䣬ǹԹԵʯڷħп̻ƣŷħĵȼ
߰ɣȥһ㣬ĴӦþ
˵꣬Ҷˣ޴߲ͨĽƣ뵽˳Ǳ߲㣬һǿµĺɫʯס
Ȼɫʯڽ£ûһ˿Ϣ˿ɫʯʱȴԵĸоʯ׵Ŀֲ
ʯӦþǲĹǺɣ
ηؿźɫʯףȸٸн
ǺɫʯӦþǲĹǺҶ˵ͷңҹȥ
˵ţո˵Ҷԭʼ̥ɫʯȥ
ֺɫʯ׻׾ʱɫ΢΢һ䣬ͻȻͣ˽Ų¶֮ɫ
ô˳磬ǺɫʯΣ𣿡
ƵҶʮֵϤı飬ɵýʵ
ΣգǺɫʯ״Σգƴģ
Ҷ˵ͷٻʥ꣬նֺɫʯ׵Ľơ
ˣ
й⣬ɫٰʥնǿʱһ۴֣ޱȵϸڽٶȼĶҶ硣
Ȼϸ
˫һȣһ쫷磬Ҷ˲Ϣ֮˺ףܿϸ


1734 
ľƣ
Ҷ翴ʮϸϮٻľӭȥľһϸ
ɶѵϾɱɣ
ľϸʱһŭֺɫʯ׵ĽгһŲϵף뵱ϵһģһ
ıѾˣϸҲûҪˣ
˵ţҶƻľʥһ𹥻ֺɫʯ׵Ľơ
һϵҵع£µĽˣ¶˺ɫʯס
濴Ĳͬɫʯױ棬ǧ߰ϸϸֱƽʯ֮ڡ
ľɣ
ǧϸҶƻľ˹ɫ룬ЩϸУϸ̺ԡ
ɶ࣬Ҫ
⵽ľɣϸķŭٵŤһߣҶˣҪɱ
˫ᣬʥ꣬𣡡
ϸϮҶ˲佫ʵ£һıȫӭ
ħԭʼ̥ȸҲ׷ʩչǿĹ͵ĹϸϽ
ſըĹϸϵѣľɫƽϸУˡ
ܿ죬źɫʯ׵ϸȫľˣ¶˺ɫʯ׵ı塣
µĵƣ
źɫʯױ̻һѵĵƣҶ˱סǻδĵơ
ϸʴ£µĵƻˣвϸƽ˼Ӳޱȵĺɫʯףֱӹ˲ı壬սɱ
棬ðգֻǲĴоʧǴԵ
Գȸ˵ϣźɫʯ׿ͷϵ˵
ͷվ˺ɫʯףҪʯ׹׸ǡ
Ҷ羲վһߣûֹ֪Ƿܴʯ׹׸ǡ
ߵ˺ɫʯ£ֹ¿ͷվץʯ׵Ĺ׸ǣҪʯס

һɹǿ£ΧĿҵطδƿʯס
ೢʮΣˡ
ʬף϶ô˼ĹǺֻеõϿɣܴʬףҶ绺˵λǵѪҺԣܱϿ𣿡
ã
ȸԳ˵ͷҧָ˺ɫʯϣԴԴϵʯ͸
ˣ
ں˶˵ľѪɫʯг΢գ֮䣬΢ʧˡ
ǵѪ޷òϿɣ
Ѫʧܣ̾ϢһΪź˻
ȥԣ
ĿߴһƶɽɢηƵħƹİߵ˺ɫʯԣʯе˴ħ֮Ѫ
ںħ֮ѪɫʯеΪԣʮ֮󣬺ɫʯеʧˡ
ȻħҲ޷úɫʯϿɣ޷򿪹׸ǡ
ħʧܣ㣬Ⱥԣȫʧˡ
ԣ
˳ʧܣҶ绺ߵ˺ɫʯԣҧָ֮Ѫ͸˺ɫʯС
ˣ
֮ѪһѪں˺֮ѪɫʯͻȻӳ޾ĺڹ⣬ΧһеĹ
һ̣ӿɫʯ׵ĺڹпٵػ㼯һϢϢڽҶС
磡
Ҷ类һڹû˵Ķʱ
Ҫȥȹв磡
ħǰ˵
ͻȻһŲʵɫƳ˺ڹ⣬ΡߴĻľֳҶ壬ͷҡҷͷŻй⻯źڹĹ
ڻľ£׸йĺڹֱ½޷в˫ỤҶ硣
ˣ
ڻľɫʯйĺڹ⼤ҶԳʱɫʯӿĺڹٵػ㼯һ޵еĺɫնһռѳ룬޵֮նҶ硣
ڻľ£ɫնδնҶˡ
һɫն󣬺ɫʯֽûһɫն͵ĹҶ硣
ľֵסʮĵɫնʱľӲˣҶֱӱ¶ںɫʯǰ
ˣ
ʱ˵ĺɫնƳ˺ɫʯףٶȼնҶ硣
ƣ
Σʱ̣Ҷ˲ӰһöγǿķǰɫնĹ
ľѹ
ɫն飬Ҷƻľֱѹ˺ɫʯϣɫ룬סɫʯףźɫʯеϢ
Լʱ󣬺ɫʯе֮ľȫˡ
Ҷջػľʱɫʯ׵Ĺ׸ͻȻˡ


1735 
ǿա
͸򿪵Ĺ׸ǣҶ粢δĹǺǿһƬɫǿա
ԥһ£Ҷջ˻ľһ뵽ʯڵǿУʧǰ
ţ򿪵Ĺ׸ֹرˣռָƽ
磡
Ҷ类ɫʯûƵһŵ˵
Ҫûв²⣬Ӧõõ˲Ͽɣʸʯ׼ĹǺõĴбԳ˵
ţû뵽ĴУ뵽һУȸҡҡͷ߰ɣӦòֹһԵȥطɣҲ벻ջ񡣡
ã
˽ԭʼ̥ʯػֱƿؽƣ߽һĳУѰŲµԵ
ľ֮Ѫû뵽ȻһϣҶЩĽĻԵ
Ҷа׹һԼһ޴󣬵صĹĹ֮£һϵ׸ڹĹǰʯУעҶ
ݼ棡
ųʮɸߵʯؾ˵
СڸһᣬͨҵĿ飬ҾͽĲԼǿչ·õ͸㣡ʧܣ㽫ʧȥһУ֪ԸҵĿ𣿡
Ը⣡Ҷԥ˵
ģҲ۸㣬һὫѹƵͬ磬ֻҪܻңͨҵĿ飡
ǰʶºѪͻľɣҶӲûиеһ˿ɱµͼ
ܴȷʵʶ£һѪһľ˵ͷˣ׼£׼˿ʱܿ顣
׼ˣڿԿʼˣҶûٻħ˵
úãСˣ
˵ţΡߴʯӳɹâһɫӰʯûһֻɫ㹥Ҷ硣
Ѫȼգ
ûɲϮҶϵȼպѪӲʵһǵ񣬲ӶԼȭͷӭȥ
һȭǰĿҵĲµȭâҷųβͣƾ˵ĺ˲ϡ
¡¡
ǿײһ𣬲ռҵĲ
ôѪȻһ㣡
оҶϼޣ۾һȶźɫĳ򣬽ٶޣڰлûһõĲӰٶȾ˵ĹҶ硣
ԲĪٶȹҶ۾Լٵݣ켣һµȭâȫӭ
һһսһʱ䣬˭δκ˭
ণ
ХһͻȻ仯ǿս̬Яž˵Ҷ硣
ʥ꣬ն
ϮʥӳҶ꺣ڰлûһѪɫĽâһն˲档
ʥ꣬û뵽ͣȻʥ꣡
Ӳʥ깥ĸ⣬ս̬ˣ׵ֵסʥ깥֯һչҶ硣
޼
ǵصĳչϮĴʥͼֳҶ壬ݵ£ûΡĻľݻ޼ӭȥ
䣡
ͨһ𣬶ʱ춯صı޼ֱ˺˵չ˲档
ڿͨĻ޼£˵Ѻۣǳһ˿ʧء
һ񣡡
Ҷ罫ʥٻ˳ʥ̳꣬˶ع⻪һ
һ̳նʱһƬµĽâ绮ƺҹǣҵĴ˲ϣֱӽ嶴ˡ
ľ飡
ţҶٻľݺݵس˲ϣµĹֱӽ֧ˡ
ͨ
ҶȻԼʤʱʩչ˲ͨ˲ָơ
ӵк֮ѪľͬȾ㼸޵УָĲ˵ͷСⳡӮˣҲҽǿһУܽ£һ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ̻ٶƣﵽ֮ķħٻ˳
Сˣ
Ҷеķħ۾һһҶϢĵб
ĵݵʱûһֻĲ˫ȶ䣬صؿռ䣬µ·ܴݻһء
ণ
쳤ХһŰռ䣬ҶΪ֮
Բ޵һҶ罫ʵ˼£̶ݵ⣬ʩչ֮ħĹ˼¡
޼
һ̳ľֳ壬̶ս޼ӭ˲
䣡
󹥻ײһ𣬶ʱ˷ԲĿռ䣬µһֱк£硣
ۣ
ȻҶв˫Ụ壬ǱһɹŰˣƷͨʥ岻ϵ飬Ѫ
֮飬޸
ۿҶٵϵؿ֮鴹֮޸Լ壬ľ˫ȫĵֿ
գҶ类µɳԶס˲ʩչ޵һ


1736 ͻƾ
ĺܲʵȻֵסҵ޵һгŵ͸㣡
ŵסԼ޵һҶ磬¶֮ɫԼٻ˳
ǰǡ
Ųٻֱһڰɫḥ̂һžԼһӣǰҶµһҶȴδµ
ҵ֮ԴʥˣȻ̺ĵĲˣ㹻̥ǣҲҸĶ⽱
лǰ
֪ǰӣȻǲʥˣҶ۾ʱͻƵ֮л͸Ե
СҵĴֻܴһˣԲУʥֻ͸
ǰܷҵ˵һǵҵİΣҶ
İɣһ֪ǡǱֹһԵǶҵԼĻԵ
лǰ
ҶһһʥõУԼؿڣֱӽʥ˰ؿѺ۴תɻ
ҶʥʱԼݣ͸˹žУ͸žصĲͨھ
ܿ죬һʱȥ
һǵͻƣ
һʱҶ֮һʥ֮ԼԵһͻ˾磬ﵽһǵ
ͻƵһǵҶԼʥˣһָоԼȫ˲ʥˣ˵ͻƵǵ񾳽磬ʱǿĵƺȫлΌһİ
Ҷؿռȫʥˣ͸ͨʱƵ㣬ħҲڲҵԼĻԵٵʵ
ϼޣͻƣ
˲ееĻԵһͻ˾磬ﵽϼޣһ
ͻƵϼûãѪʨɿճҲȺͻƵϼޡ
ֹʱ䣬㣬۵ͻƵǵۣƵħѪãԳȸҲﵽ˾缫ޣͻƽʣһ֮ң
ҶУʵʱǱӳеصڣ֮¸˰
ȷǷֵǲĴеأ
һںڹУģӰͻȻյ˫â˵
ţǸطǲ洫еɣ﷢˲Ͳ˫ᣬһˣ˵ͷ
û뵽澹Ȼ򣡡۾б̰֮ɫȥ洫еأҵҪʲôô󵨣֮
ǣ
¶һ˿֮ɫŰ뿪أ洫еطȥ
ţеعرˣ
ɽеĲеʱִеڹرˣѰң޷ҵеصڡ
ɶô
޷봫еУΪջ
ٵ֣ɽǳȫںеİ۾˸֮ɫ
棡
һĸ֣ɽĵصȴš
ʱţܿ죬ֹȥһʱ䡣
һҶ֮ʥˣӲʵһǵ۷壬˾ƿ
ոͻһǵûãҪ˳ͻƵǵҪӴϣ
˼һ£óһޱ浤̵ֱ˶У浤ͷŵǿҩԼʥ֮ʼȫǵ񾳽硣
ҶǵʱȫһɫУ¶ǿ׳ħͻȻ˽յ˫ſѪڣֱӽһɫҺ̵˶С
ǵƣ
ħһһҺ˾ƿﵽǵ񾳽磬ǧڽѹһ񼶸֡
ħͻûãʹﵽ缫޵Գȸ˴еӴҲ˫˫ͻƵ񾳽磬ʵ
㣬õʲôԵȻͻƵǵˣ
ͻƵԳأĲȴ㣬ʱסˣԾķ̶֣ʱ䣬㾹ȻǵͻƵǵ֮
﷢һǧ֥֥ԣͻ˾磡ֳ˼֣Ư¶ϲ̵Цݵ
֥ǲµĴеأĻԵȻˣԳ¶˵ЦݣԵΪе˸ˡ
ʱƣڲеصõԵ˷׷׳أ˵ĲȴҶ硣
ȴ˽ʱ䣬Ҷ綼δ֣ǵµƵ˲ɵõҶ⡣
Ǵ򲻿ɫʯףֻ潹صȴ
ֹһʱ䣬ɫʯͻȻӳ޾ĺڹ⣬˵ȴʱƵˣţյĹ׸Ǵˡ
˿Ӻɫʯ߳Ӱʱŵˡ


1737 ս
ǵ񣡡
о߳ɫʯ׵Ҷ羳磬ȫˣ¶𾪺Ľ֮ɫ
ͻƵ֮ÿͻһ綼ҪʱĻۣҶ羹ڶ̶ʱ䣬ǵͻƵǵڲеջ
ڲеҲջĴ߰ɣ뿪ɣҪ˵ȼˣ
Ƶ˵ʵõ˴Ҷ¶˵Цݵ
Ҷ٣˵һпܷ棬ȴǳȥɫۣǿĿȸ˵
㣬Ĵ𣿡ҶЦЦ˵
ᣡһ᲻ϧһдۣ᲻ĴУȸҡҡͷ
˵еһһ˷̰ӦҲˣҶӹɵ˵ˣ׼£ҳȥս
˵꣬Ҷˣ˲֪Ŀռ䴫󴦣ͨռ䴫ͣ뿪˲洫еأ档
ǿҵĿռ䲨˳ˡ
ɽȴ֮õˣͻȻоɽǿҵĿռ䲨׷׼ٸ˹ȥ
ڳˣ
߳ռڶҶˣ˫͸֮ɫɭȻ˵
ǲǵȼˣҶ翴ЦЦ˵꣬ѵӦøл𣿡
Сӣ㲻ҪΪõ˲洫У;޵ˣ磬ͷۻûã
Ҷڶ̶ʱͻƵǵ񾳽磬µõ˲ĴУɱڵ˵
£һ£ǲ̫ԼˣȸһվҶ˵
ȸǶʧû뵽һ߰㣬Ȼһ壬㲻Ϊм˵
ĿǲǾԼԶˣҶ΢΢̣һ˿
ｫǵ֮أԵ˵
䣬ͻȻҶʧǰһܵҪܡ
ܵ˲䣬Ҷʮʱٵİƺݺݵسϣһƽ˳ȥѪŶ˳
ߣһƶ㲻ôɱң
Ҷ翴ŵڵϣѪֹļ
Сʵ̫ˣ
ͻȻһȫںУòİ̤žȵزһ
ȻٶȲ죬ÿ̤һܿԽףԿռ򣬴ﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȡ
һİ񣡡
ںеӣԳȸɫ䣬¶֮ɫ
ħȴ֮ƣȻͻƵǵʮֿһսս
ħû뵽㾹Ȼħݲ죬ɽһħۣСҿԸһĻᣬҷ뿪
ķϻ̫ˣҪǾɣҶһٻ˷ħԵػӦ

Ҷеķħ۾¶֮ɫǿң̰˵
ǰǺɱ񣡡
ҶȻõ˲洫УͻƵǵ񾳽磬԰Ҵ⣬ٻԭʼ̥ħ
ã
ħ˵ͷаսǹͷ֣֮˰
ɱ㣬ܵõٺöɭȻ˵ȻҾͳȫǡ
˵ţٻһ޴󣬵Ƕűʯ̻һֻս޵֮ƣնҶ硣
Сģȫɱһ֣
Ҷ綣һֳַħӭȥ
޼
ʵֲ̫Ҷ粻Ҵ⣬һʩչɱУĴʥͼݵ£ںϻľݻ޼
ԭʼ̥ħҲʱʩչɱУҪ֮ش
ƣ
񱩺һսն䣬ռѣµĵâֱնҶ˷ɱУƲնҶ硣
̣
Ҷû뵽ս˵ǿһƵԼ˵Ĺԥٻ˳ǰնеâ
䣡
ܰնĵâ̾ҵĲһ£ĵⲻϵس̣Ҫնˡ
̣ĥ
ʱҶעĵ⣬ƺڰɫŤγǿŤ֮Ӳĥ˰ն޵һ
̣
Ҷٻ̣Ķ겻ѹ棬̡̲ͨ
˵̷ӵ£ƿһ˵漶Ҳ޷⡣
Ҷ̵ֵס񹥻ʱħٴδ̳һǹµǹâ·𷭽һռ䣬˰
ħȻǿ󣬵ľ̫ˣ
趯޵սն䣬µĵâݹʮɣһնħ̳ǹâ
ţֽնһµĵâϵնſռ䣬Ҷˣ˲ѹסǵĹƣǽڽڵİˡ


1738 ֮
ǹɣ
ԵʵѹסҶˣ籡µĵһֻ޴ĺӥӰֳ塣
һնֳĺӥӰ˲ûʮµĵâҶΧĿռ䣬Ǵв
ؼʱҶǰͷųǿֵ֮ס˰ն޵еնҶ˵Σ
ɣ
ŭؿԳͿȸ߳ŭ
죬ռ䣡
ŭ֮ʣҶٻ죬ٵҡ֯ƣ˰ΧĿռ䡣
Գǰȸ񹥻
ưжʱҶԳȸ
𣡡
Ҷ񹥻˰Ҫ֮ش
ߣҲңδ̫ˣ
Ȼ£һֻѾ̤澳ڵǽ˴룬񣬰Ȼ壬ٵݵ⣬µ֮ӵ£ֳ޵սն
ǣ
⵽Ĺ治ϵرѿѺۣͷų֮Ǹ˼ѹĺۣ¶
֣֮𣡡
Ӳʱħִ֮Яž˵ƻ˰
ֹ֮ʱħǧڽһǹ̳ҵĿռ䱻ֱӶµǹâ˰Դ
⵽ը񲢲ţԵʵֳ֮޵ս͵Ĺն֣֮ħİԵһǹҵɱ
ۿԵĹҶиֳ֮֮飬ںһ̵
һ̣Ҷ֮ں£˱ǣƵİ
ǲǿչ·õ£Իһ硣
ʲô
ӿ֮۾ɵùԲ¶˲˼֮ɫ
޷ţǵ񾳽Ҷ磬Էӳ̵ǿһ
̸ԼвܵҪ㣬ʱеܿռ䣬޷㣬ֻӲǿһ
䣡
һʯ쾪
Ĺӵ£ȫնϮʱޱȼӲﵽƷͨʥȼ޵ս˵ѺۣҲǿ£ϵ顣
ۣ
Ȼƴȫ˼еıƣס̵ӿ֮Ǻ壬˳ȥڵ֮ǰࡣ
棡
֮ѹ޵̰شɵһĻĪĲ˲
ëȥɣ
˺۵Ļץסᣬϵй⣬壬ˡ
飬㣡
屻޻ˣȫŭҪһɱʱԭʼ̥һʯݺݵϣµֱӽӰ˵档
ʵǿİȺ⵽شһڴʿܵ˼Ӱ죬ֵסƵѪʨ͵Ĺƣҽڶ
СҲɱĲΪˣ
˵İŭһѸóһޱ浤̵˶У浤ǿҩѹơ
һ̣Ѫİ񲻹ƣĹӵ£͵ķƱҪҶɱ̡
£Ĺ޷ΣҶ磬ӵ޽ߵҶ磬ȴϵؿ̣Уħ͵Ĺơ
Ѫȼգ
𽥼أȴûȼǿѪһѹƣ͵ĹҪвٻɱҶ磬ħ
̣
ҶԹʱҶź֮Ѫ̵ǿŤһռ䣬˰
̹˲䣬ͻȻƣǿŰܿռ䣬޷㡣
񣬱
ȼǿѪ֮Ӳ̵ʱȸͻȻ֧ͷų֮񷢶һ˰
䣡
ԱˣӺݺݵӡĿռϣµײӲײơ
飬ˣҾôʩչƣԶȥ
ӣ
Ҷ粻Ļᣬħԭʼ̥͵ǬУٵȶ˫ᣬʮʱٶȣһٹӰԼٶ׷ɱصİҪô˻Ὣɱ


1739 
ģô
ĿðߵһĻĵ뵽˵͹ȣûаʵԳȸĶ֣ȥ׶༪١
뵽òһĴҵɽȥ
㲻Ҫɱôˣ
Գ߸ߵԾһΡĸɽǰӶڽ
ȫԳʱȸеϮɱ˹µĴнɱֱ֮ӽϯ档
ȭ
ӶѪʥ͵ĹӲ˺˴нʱиֳѪӰ˺ȭ
һȭݿĩպƽһ㣬㲻ϣķһȭ˳ȥѪ
ʧأԭʼ̥󣬱ڽݺݵײϣơ
Ѫ֬ȫںϣ
ƲϵؼأںѪ̶֬ʵȫͻΧ
㲻ҪνˣӲġ
ȸɽѹһأϵٶȣԳ֧񣬷··ˡ
Ǳҵģ
·ϣ¶֮ɫûѸٷһĺɫʵŹʵһʵ
źɫʵڻһɹɿµбǿ׳һſŶĵĸ
Ǹȥɣ
ɫʵﵽ£ЯɱԳȸҪȽԼ϶ɱ
𣡡
Σʱ̣ٶȾ˵ĳԳǰӶ޴ȭͷһȭգӲĹ
ԳȸƵץסᣬʹ͵Ĺķơ
ɽ壡
ԡѪɱӲԳ˹ʱ޻һɽųһǧڽݺݵ
꣡
ܵе޻ɵĻɽݺݵϣһĹͷ
һ
³ʱԳںһ𣬻֮ݺݵغؿϣֱӽؿڶˡ
ȥɣ
ȸиֳһֻ޴ĿȸӰѪϣը塣
ȵȣȲҪɱ
ԳһҪɱʱͻȻֹˣ
ǲҪ㸸ĸ£
룬ԾѪʵ
Ҹ׵ΪֵܣΪʲôǺɱ֣ŭŽһƽ𿻵ҧгݵ˵
ⲻң־͹ǵѪ̫⣬Ҫ㸸ĸѪͻ֮Ѫɫ۾űĻޣ˵
˭Ļ֮˭޷
ô𰸺Ѳ𣿡Į˵㣬ǺܿͻˣΪұġ
˵꣬һԿһµԱ
棬ĻĺֹȻ㣡޷ݵ˵¾һн棬Ϊȥĸĸ
˱ˣǸϿǰɣϲ˵һӵأصԸҶ٣ȸߴٵ
ãȥǣ
˵꣬˷ƻصɽԳͿȸǷȥ
ȸ²һ˵İܺƴȫȥҪصɱҶ磬ϵһС
˲˫Ҷٶ̫죬ϵ֮ľ룬Ƶ壬ơ
Ҫǰʵ㹻ǿ󣬽֮ϵػŹͱҶ粻ϷĹɱˡ
֮ȼգ
ԽԽأ֧Ųסѣòȼǿ֮ѹסƣס׷Ҷ繥ɵǷΧڡ
СҵţҷһƤꡣ
ۣȼ˽һ֮ӵУ̫أ֮ȼմ룬ɱҶ磬òĴ֮ȴĻ
һˣ
Ҷ˸ϵ磬һƲɵâϵعŰ壬ϵؼƣ׷ɱС
֮
ɵأʩչطǿ֮뵽ԼУٵ޸ָơ
ߣѾעҲȲ㣡
Ҷһֳַħնں֮İȫնɱ


1740 ػ
䣡
Ҷնķħе޵սײһڰмĿĻ⡣
һҶ罫͵֮ӵ£ȴδܺں֮İĴ󶨣¶֮ɫ
СｫĹأԹɣ
˵ˣѾעҲȲ㣡
˵ţҶٻ˻ľƻľϵرӳ޾֮ϣǿж֮ϵ
ţԭʼ̥ɳǬֱû뵽УеѨϣ֮ʵ
ǰٳң
оľǿжϣɫ䣬ʱҶٻħһͬصİ
һ񣡡
һ̳Ҷȫĵݵ£˰ٶҲʱȫµĽﲻƣصһ˰
ħ죡
籡ħ壬ͷγޱߵĲ񷣬һǹ̳ޱߵĲ뵽սǹУµǹâ·ܶ£Ű塣
Ҷħǿصİ񲻸ӲĪٶȽ㡣
˲䣬Ļľҡҷɫڣγ˴Ļй⣬Ŀռ䣬ٶȡ
㿪֮⻪ҵ֮ʱȴδ㿪ħ̳޵һǹ
֮£ֻѹƣ趯޵ս͵ն֯صնħ̳һǹ
̣
񲻹ƣǿƵħ̳Ĳһǹʱں̳ͷĥͷһռ䣬֯ſµ֮ŰĲ
ۣ
ĥ£岻ϵ飬Ѫ⻯ѪƮɢڻҵĿռС
Ѫ˵
ԽԽأδƯΧѪڽ޵սУնѪ˵նȵľˣգ̵Ĺ
죬𣡡
Ӳʱӵ޽ߵҶٻ죬ԴԴעǿĽɫٵҡûһֻƾ˵Ĳ쳤Х͸Ѫ˰
ۣ
Ӳ̵İ㣬Ӱ壬ؿֱըڰ˴Ѫ׹˵档
ǣ
׹˲䣬ħ̤һţµĽӡǧڽ̤ؿռ䣬һŲ˰ϣ㽫ȱˡ
֮ڣ
һߣ֧İ񲻶ϵʩչطǿйͨҪ֮һ
ľΰεĹͨ޷ں֮
ԭʼ̥ɣԭʼ̥̺ٵͻǵļ
ۿҶ磬ħɱͻȻҵճһֻɫ֣סһأͷǿҶħ
ţһ棡
ͻⰵɫܹҶɫ΢䣬ϵĿ̽з
صİץסᣬǱӳݵĵز㣬ڰС
СֹûУ
ʱгһѺۣһɫۣĿߴŴͼͼͷźɫƬ²һͭŲӵһͷɫ߳ˣƹİ
Իʣڸˣ
ͻȻֵߣƼأһߵİһ
Իʣػߣ
շ˿ȸҶл֪˲ҪϢ֪һػԻʣػ򣬲֡
¶棬ٹ֮£ȴܴƳ
СħﲻҰĵطְɡԻĮؿҶħ˵
ԻʣߡСӵõ˲洫У뿪弫ʧ
洫УԻ۾бɹâ˵ġ
Իʣոյֵ㹥ľǲ̣ͷ죬ǲ˫ᣬ󴫳жõˣ
û뵽ĴؼˣԻ۾͸֮ɫž޲Ҳǿҵ̰
Ҫ˵漶֣ҲסĴС
СӣĴ棬Ĵб壬㲻ܴߣԻĵ̰˵
ҵĹûʣܿϧҲף
ȻԻʺܿ£Ҷ绹һУ費˫Ҳܴ뿪
ȻǾͱˣ
Իͫһκһƶգµս·ݻһУ񲻿ɵϯҶ硣
ߣ˭һ
ҶһȫƸǣֳַħһգƿԻͷŵɱն


1741 ԻʵĿ

оħԻɫ΢΢һ䣬¶֮ɫѸ³һһɳһſͷǣͨ徧Өһ㣬ƷͨʥȼȨȣӭ˷ħ
أ
һײ
ħͷȨײһڰм޾Ļ⡣
Իʣ㣡
һȶһƣֳ޵ս˹ҪԻ֣ɱҶ磬һı
Ϊɱ㣡
Ҷʵɱ񣬵ȴٳΪɱ֣סѻ꣬Ժл֪ҪϢ
Իʵв̫òı⣬ȫɱնС
ǰҵֵϢԻʣȥնɱ񣡡Ҷ紫
ãû⣡
ħʵȻԻʣսͬ£ְֳսǹ֣֮ǧڽԻʣµĹԻʲСֳͷȨȫӭ
ħԻʼսһʱҶȶ˫ᣬһ쫷磬˰
죬
Ҷƴͷͷųǧ˿Ƶƣռ䣬Űж
֮
ţҶ֮˰˰ƣħĹ˼£ʩչһ񹥻˰
һ̳޹⣬µĽâռ䣬һЯ޾ĵ⣬һնǳ޵֮ðɫ䣬ƴܡ
ռ䱻ƣ㲻ֻȼհʥˣƴȫ
̫أ޷ǿʵҶһ˷ħǿĹ
ۣ
ķҶһƵµ޵֮壬ֱӽˡ
ڰҪʱ̳ͷŤתֱ֮ɱꡣ
һ£澳ֻһ֮ңİ档
㣬ôĵӣȻɱ˰񣡡
ĿҶȫնɱһĻԻʵɫ˲
Ȼϵһ㣬ǱϾͬ壬ȫŭԻʡ
ɱ˾ɱˣҺΣҶԵػӦ
úãҶ˶δô˵ˣҵҪʵǷ
Ի۾ͶɭȻ֮ɫֳͷȨħЯžɱҶ硣
һȺһצѿѪڣҧҶ硣
ʵԶԶԽԼԻʣҶ粻Ҵ⣬ٵȶ˫ȫ㣬ȹ
㣬õ𣿡
ǧȣ
Իʽĵݵ£ʩչĴģɱУǧƿµȹӰڰУռ䣬͵عҶħ
ռؽ
޿ɱܣҶʩչռΧγ˰ؽƣǧȹ
ħҲʩչɱУ˳ɫɽһ趯Űսǹ͵ĹϮǧӰ
ǣ
Իʩչǧ̫󣬿ռؽֵסϵ飬ħʮǧӰҲֵסƲϵؼأǿ׳岻Ѫⱬ
Σʱ̣ҶǬͷųǿԼħ͵ǬУܿǧȵĹ
ΪҾκβǣ
Իͫһǿ˲ǬݲصĿռ䣬һȴռ˲飬µֱǬķǬҵҡ
£Իʵʵ̫ˡ
оǬֵסԻʵĹҶħѸٷͨʥڶʮʱпȶƣ뿪Ǭ棬Իʼҵɱ
̣
ҶħӲԻʹʱŤһռ׹Իʡ
Ǽ
ϮԻʲҴ⣬Ѹ³һƶɵļ̵̣Ĺ
ľ
Իʵʵֲ̫ҶħĶ֣ѸٽĻľٻ˳ľԻʡ
ţһ
оľ͸ǿԻüͷһƣ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾҶһ˾ƿĴ
Ҷչ¶ĵԽǿԽᶨԻʻɱľġ
ʱԻʸоҶ͸ԵԼܽɱ˵ϵıܿԽѵһͻƵ֮
߱Ӱ
ԻԵʵס̣˫ᣬľعͷȨעĵ֮ȨһſȭͷСͷǡ
һ̣һſ׹ͷǻ˿µİ׹⣬߹Ҷħ
ۣ
ħǿĹֵסŰ׹ǹͱˣ׹˵档
ҶǱʮŰ׹ǹΧ
ȥɣ
ԻһʮŰ׹ǹͬʱҶγɵĿռؽͬʱϡ
أ
Ҷ飬ƷͨʥȼʮŰ׹ǹˡ


1742 նɱ
磡
׹䵽ħĿҶ׹ǹһĻĶʱƣѸٴӵؿзɳҪӪ
Ҳȥɣ
ԻһǼޱһֻѿѪڵҧħҪ顣
ħ죡
ǼϮħȼѪĹޣ̳һǹâŻϮǼĻᡣ
ͨ
ħԵĹӲǼʱһڻҵ
һ̣Ҷۿɼٶϣգ֮Ҷ޸ָ糣
ͨĲͨԻ۾бȵĹâû뵽澹Ȼͨڸˣǲ򵥡
ͨʱƣ㲻ʩչƾͨŤת˾ơ
ԻʣǲǾóԶˣҶ΢΢̣¶ЦݵߣʵסҲ뿪ΪһҪնԴ
ô㻹еƣԻη˵ʵ̫ˣֶͨҲûãɡ
𣿡
ҶЦһ˲ȼԪӲ磬ﵽǵ
ţһȼպѪںѪ飬Ԫ飬ʯʵǵ޽ӽԻˡ
ţʲôͨ
оҶڽʵԻһ¶˳Ծ֮ɫȷ˼緽ʽδ

ԻʳԾ֮ʣħʩչħһطͨ˲ȼȫѹƣӲʵǵ
ҵСǵֶˣ
Իʲϵ¶֮ɫ˲仯ǿս̬׼ȫɱҶħ
޼
ʵǵ£ľֳҶ壬һ̳ޱߵĴʥͼʥڽ˷ħУ˰ƱȫŷħĹ
ͨ
о޼ƻԻɫ΢䣬ٵ趯ͷȨȣûһײ˻޼ϣϢĺмҵĶԳ⡣
ħ죡
ħҲʱ̳˾һǹһǹԻʵĹؿڡ
Ǽ
Σʱ̣ԻٿǼϵر󣬵ǰסħһǹ
̣
ԻʱʱҶȫĵע뵽Уе֮ײԻʣƽз
ȻԻֶΣס̵Ĺбŷ֮ƿķ壬ˡ
ľ˫ᣬȫ
ȼպѪҶӵ޽ߵĵϵؿԻʣǿѹסԻʵĹơ
Ѫȼգ
ƱҶѹƣ𽥼صԻʲϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮Ͱʥˣʵ£ȫҶ˵Ĺ
ǵ֮ʵ༫󣬵ҶӵĴ̣ľĹǿ£ԻȼǿѪͰʥˣһʱ䶼ֵסҶħ͹
ģѵ֪ƣ𣿡
ĴˣѪԻʣҶԽսԽ£ûһ˿ߵļĵһβ˲
뵽ɱҶջǽҧؿļֻ֣ҪԼŹѵʱ̣ľҶȫĵԼһŤתǬɱҶħ
ʱƣԽԽأؿڸǱ̣ľˣҶȻûߵļ⡣
ƣ
ħһȫӵ£һǹ˺գҵĴԻʡ
ԻֳͷȨȣǿƵֵסħһǹʱҶʩչʮʱ٣˲һԻǰ
һ񣡡
ţҶ̳˾һµĽâһУһԻʵؿڣµĽֱƿķؿڶ
Сҵţ𱾻һᱨģ
ؿڱȫľħ͸֮ˣԻһݻͻΧ뿪
ߣ̫ˣ
Ҷӵв˫ᣬҪ˵棬漶֣ٶҲٵȶ˫ᣬڰлûһӰ˲סԻʣ֯ɽӰ͵Ĺ
죬ռ䣡
סԻʣҶ£֯ƣռ䣬ԻʵٶȣͻܵĻᡣ
ԻʱƵĿռʱԭʼ̥Ӳʵǵƿ˲Ѻ۵أɵ˰У뵽ս֡
ԭʼ̥ļ룬ԻʵĴøӵΣա
߱Ӱ
ԻʲûֳͷȨȣʩչյǿɱȫ
Ҷ磬ħʵﵽǵټӵм᲻ɴԭʼ̥ԻʩչĴɱбȫƣ޷ΣҶ
Ҷ˺ƵԻʵĴɱʱصԻѹƲסƣԽԽ
գҶĴԼħԭʼ̥͵Ĺ£Իʵ˫۱ˡ
ţ̴ݺݵԴϣµ֮˲꣬ɱ


1743 ڤ֮ĸ
ɱˣ
նɱԻʣҶ糤һѸ䵽֧ϣóʵ̵˶УָȼյԪ
Ҷ磬ħԭʼ̥ػʱԳȸ˸ˡ
ǿԼԻʵʬʱȫסˡ
Ҷ٣Ƕɱģ
ȸ֪ԻʵĿ£˵ԻʺͰǿˣȫˣÿȸԳһֲʵĸо
ţǶɱģҶ˵ͷұɱԻʣʵڲ֪ôΪУֻܽնɱ
Ҷ٣Իʵݿɲ򵥣д壬ػߣ㽫ɱ˵ἤŭ壬Ҫ鷳ȸص˵
İɣԹ˲Ͼûо£Ҷ粢ı
ϴﶺһʱ䲻֪𣿡
Ϥǣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ãǾﶺһʱ䣡Ҷ˵ͷ
һ𣬿ȸָҶ磬򼸺ԳһУΪҶĹϵԳû̲ȸһȸһϷһΧ
仯ʱҶһֱǬĲռ䣬Ӳеصõ浤̶ǵ񾳽磬޵
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ͻȻĳһ죬ħӡ˵Ѻۣһۣȫǿ⣬ӿռ֮ӣԽţ
ˣڻˣ
صѾõ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
ӲǱˣǱ̫һȣһֱ֮ıڤ֮
̫һ£ڤָ֮ˣ˳ͻƵǵ֮ټ̫һһƷͨʥ֣ȲҪȥ屨
񷣬ұڤɽУʱѪծѪˣ
ڤ֮ûϵˣһǰ壬׼壬֮Ϊȥıڤɽӱ
ʱһذϢը
ʧѾõıڤ֮عˣԾԵʵ֧Ѫϴٸ֡
ȻţӰռϢڤ֮ع飬Ѫϴ֧£һʱ䴫ԳС
ڤˣ
֪һϢԳ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫҵҶˣһϢǡ
ڤǰڷˣҶ¶˵Цݵ
磬ǸϿҸװɣԼԱԿҡҶĸ첲Ĵߴٵ
ãҶ˵ͷʱصˡ
磬Ҹȥﱱڤ壡̴Գ
Գǰ㻹ɣǰﱱڤǰ壬һڤǰӻžۣҶҡҡͷ׼Գŭ
ǺðɣһаˣԳе
İɣ壬𣡡Ҷŵ˵߰ɣ뿪ǰ塣
˵꣬Ҷ罫˴ͻǬͨһŴ뿪򣬻ص˻ҵ巽ȥ

ʲôڤһ֧
ոͻƵǵ񾳽ûõ֪֧֮ϱϢȻŭŭ
峤ݿɿϢڤѾͻƵǵ񾳽磬һͨʥǴ˼вϢ峤ɫ
һʱ䣬壬Ҷ޻أ֮ɫ˵ˣܻжò򡣡
̫ңԶ㲻ͨռ䴫ͣҲҪһʱ䣡峤ϵ
֧أȱڤ֮
ڱڤ֮£֧׷أעҲء
˲²⣬ڤ֮ҲȥؽбʱһذϢը
˼ڤ֮ǡ
û뵽ڤ֮ĸȥǣλعб
бصĿֲǲڤ̤֮أϣ
ϢɣܿͻϢ
׷ײ²⣬ڤ֮֮֮˭Ц󣬲Ϊؼ£ӵĿµƣ˿ñڤ֮
ڶ෽עʱһ쾪װϿ
񷣬һˣٳ
ڤ֮ƯУƼƷͨʥ֣޵һһؽƣƣ޴ϣµ塣
սһ


1744 ֮ս
ڤû뵽㱻նȻû湻ģ
оŵĲһװڻҵԵ
첻Ҫαӣ
ڤ֮˫бŨŨĳ֮ɫűؽֵ壬ɱȻ
ڤ㲻ҪΪͻƵǵ޵ˣΪУɣ֮ʾ˵
ǽǾͿ˭˭
ڤ֮ǿĵ⣬ٵͷ㼯ޱߵĵ֮뵽С
ʱһ̫ҪĿĹâӳӳ˽ɫ
ƣ
ڤ֮һں޾⣬ϱ󻯳ɹ赵ִ޾Ļ֮һκŴ
ǣ
⵽ƷͨʥǿһػŵĽƶʱˣбݿţֱӽߴԣµŷˡ
һţڤּ֮ϵƻء
񷣬ôͷڹˣ㲻Ǻٳһս
ڤ֮һƻأһߴ
ڤ㣬ɣ
֮ϵĹرеĽƣɱڤ֮Ҫ֮ɱС
ãԸ
Ȼڤ֪֮صĿ£ûЯ֣߽С
ȥʱڤ֮û飬ϵؿֹƻ壬һΡĸɽҲƻĲӣ֮£̲סŭҪأɱڤ֮
񷣬û뵽ʮδ㾹Ȼͷڹ꣬ԽԽˣ
ڤ֮һƻ壬һ߼֮ܿ죬ϿգվһΡߴʮɸߣïʢҶݻŸ̬ӣ罣絶ǹĹľµ֮
֮ʮˡ
ڤĺܺ棬˭ˣ
ŲȬͻƾıڤ֮֮ɫޱȣվأ±ڤ֮
˾֪ôˣ
ڤ֮ԵػӦй£ͷžƻ֮
ߣδɱ㣬ѷɣ
֮һǿ֮ӭȥڴϣӲֵסֵĹ
ڤΪؾ޵УʶҵֶΣ
˵ţڤ֮һƿ˴īĺˮء
⣬ˮ
оƿĺˮ͸ʱ̺֮ٵ½֮ɫ䣬û뵽ڤ֮ȵơ
񷣬֮ĶԹʱ˽ˣ
̫һˮأڤִ֮֮͵Ĺսһ
Ȼ˾൱ڤ֮ƿصԶʤ֮ӡ˼ɱһʱ䣬ڤ֮ѹס֮Ĺƣڽڵİˡ
壡
ֵסڤ֮Ĺ֮仯ռ̬ѹסڷѪһʵӡ͵ķ
˱ȼ̫֮Ĺ£ֵסֵĹ
֮ڽڰʱһ̻Ź·ɳ˱ˮǵأڰУѸһĹͷųƾ˵ĹɱƣԽսԽµıڤ֮
֣һ
ڤ֮޾󹥻ͷĵ֮ӿ뵽Уֲϵر󣬸ſռ䣬йһ˵նиſռ䣬˹Լ֮
ڱڤ֮߶ǿ£ʮγɵĹ˵Ѻۣ֮ǱһննɣѪ
ӡ񷣡
ֵסֵĹ֮ӡھѪӡǿĹһ㣬ǿзһնɱ֮
ΪĹǾû㼸ر𣿡
ڤ֮һȫն䣬һնӡɵĲ񷣬ݺݵնӡϣµֱӺӡն֮
棬ң
ֵв̫Ǳ֮ò̡
ˣ
֮Ĵˮǵ궯һǿ֮ҶƬʸ̬Ĺľѡ
һ̣ߴĹľҡҷͷųǿĵâ˱ڤ֮µѸٻȫ
عֲ̫ڤֶ֮δֵܵסһƾ˵ĵ֮ףһѪ˳˳


1745 
Ϣľһ
ڤ̫֮һʮ꣬漶ֵϢΪ˽⣬оعɢϢɫޱ䣬û뵽廹ȵơ
棬֪Ӧô˯˲ͷ󻼣ֽɱ
֮øɾѪ¶һ˿֮ɫɭȻؿűڤ֮
ãҰɣ
عиֳһŲϵף˫űڤ֮Į˵
ಣ
оعвᵽΣϢıڤ֮ѸȥҪ뿪պһᱨ塣
ǣ
ڤ֮ͻΧ֮ʣ۴ֵƳ˼ӲأѸγһΣڤ֮档
һ̸̣һײеĴߣٶȼĹ˱ڤ֮ҪС
֣ƣ
Σʱ̣ڤ֮ȼǿѪ֮ĵݵ£ȫŴ˷Ϯ
κع̫ˣϸһļƷͨʥڤ֮ȫҲ޷Ϯ
һ߰ƿֵĹбڤ֮ϣһǿбˡ
ƣ
ڤ̫֮һĻעľѪöͷų춯صıסΡ
̫һƵĻֲöƣͷŵݿΡ
ץסᣬڤ֮ȼȫѪһѪȥ
Ӳģ
ȻعԾڤ֮ĵƣƿ£գ֮䣬ϸƿ˵ز㣬γ˲ڣס˱ڤ֮һ˿ܵĻᡣ
ҵҪ㻹жٵƣ
ٴοƱڤ֮عƷϸϮɱ
ˣ
ڱڤ֮վʱһƻǿĽնһնסڤ֮ϣǿĽֱӽһȱڣȳ˻Ѫıڤ֮
㣡
żʱӪԼҶ磬ڤ֮һ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ǰû°ɣ
ŻˣʧѪıڤ֮ҶѸóһͨʥݸĵʵ
ǵ񣬳磬Щ궼ʲôΪٶ˿죡
ڤ֪֮ͻƵ֮Ѷȣ޷Ҷõ˺εȻԵȻڶ̶̼ʮʱͻƵǵ񾳽硣
ǰ壬ģҶ΢΢һЦԵ˵
磬ǿŹľǰʵֲǻ뿪˵
ȻҶٶñڤ֮Ծ񼶸֮ʵ̫󣬱ڤ֮ѵ
İǰа취ǰ
Ȼ£ҶУȷǻľõĲƷҶһָоľһΪԼɱﵡ
Ҷ磬û뵽ǾȻһģ
Ҷðսһ֪а֮Ҷ磬Ҫ˻Ὣס׸塣
ӽû壡Ҷ΢΢һ̣¶һ˿Цݣ˭Եƥ˵
ôĿСΪԼףˣջ˵
ܲƿˣϾ֪ˣ
˵ţҶȼ˺֮Ѫںƣ˲佫ʵǵֳַ֮ħն˰
޼
һնΡߴĻľֳ壬Ļ֮ݵĵ⣬һǧڽһ𣬻޵ص񽣣һն˰
Ҷն޵һҴ⣬ٵҡҷïʢڣ̬֯ӭȥ
䣡
ɿµײһ𣬶ʱ춯ص
һɹɿµĶײȣҵ˺ѿ˵Ѻۡ
Ҷһˣӵһ漶ǿԳҶʩչĻ޼ˡ
ʱ̷ɳҶ壬ſռ䣬һΡߴ󣬲ɺɽײ˰ҡҷϣ˰Ĺ
㾹Ȼ
о̵¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ޷ţҶ羹Ȼص
ľ棡
֮ʣҶ罫ľٻ˳ƻľϵر󣬹˰
һ
оľ̺һη˾
ԣⲻǡľ
ľͷŵײһʱ˻ľʵ˾
Ȼͨ飬澳磬һľЩη塣
ԭʼ̥ǰٳ
ҡҷڣͷ⣬ûľʱҶ罫ԭʼ̥ħٻ˳һ𹥻˰ҪѹĹƣľɴᡣ


1746 嵽
֮壡
ľв̫Ҷ˵Ĺּͣһ͵ĹϸϵƽصŹ
ԭʼ̥
оڽҶԭʼ̥ƽ˱ˮǵأٵǱ룬صжŰϸ
֮
رԭʼ̥ǿжʱҶ֮˲䷢ӳ̵ǿſµ֮˰
ʲôʵôܷǿ
о̵˲䱩ʮ˾ҡҷڣͷǿȫ
̵̫£ȫ޷ֵ̺ݺݵغ˴׳ϣһѺڼӲѿ
ץס̺ѵĻᣬľɫ룬ƽ˰ڣ̺
΢࣬ǣ
̺ԴԴʧŭˣʩչֶΣ仯һߴߣԾأȫľҪжеɫ롣
ľɫ뼫Ӳּ࣬ȫ޷ȫ˺ɫ롣
ʱҶٻ˿ȸޣˣһ𹥻˰ɢĹ
ǵ㾹ȻͻƵǵˣ
ڰп˵ıڤ֮оʵе֮ɫŨˣ֪ҶЩ궼ʲôԼʵҲõôĺô
ģŶ꣬Ҷʵôɳ̶ȣǴðģ
֮ŰҶ˱ƳΣȻ뵽Уĵ뵽˵͹ȣǵȴȴĽ
˵ʲôʱ
ĲԽԽǿҵ֮ó˴Ѷ飬ϵܣ塣
Ͼܸ
֪ѾΧ֮һϵصҶ硣
磬Ѫʨ룬ǹˣ˵
⵽󹥻Ҷ޵ޣǹ֮ˡ
໣ϴ󣡡
ޱһ仯ǿս̬һǧڽ֮ս
ʱڤ֮Ҷͨʥȶƣɱ֮
һʱ䣬ػܱɱѪȾء
֮
ʹ޷жϻľɫ룬ѣֻܿƼ缫ƷͨʥȼϸҶˣҪȽҶɱľ
Ҷӵ޽ߵĵֵ֮ס˰ĹϮ֮
ħȸ㣬Ƶ˵Ĺȴϵ塣
ֳּƷͨʥ޵սħǲϵ壬ơ
ۿԴԴʧİֵסҶ͵Ĺ屻飬ƲϼأһҾ޴սڻҵϿա
ս˺۵֮Ĵϲսϣ߳ϣپҡ
֮ʮʵ׵ܷսҶŰΧˡ
Ҷ磬ҵˣ
ҶƵ߳ŭҶ磬ײе˵
ʲôҺ𣿡
Ҷһ߿ĥ֧壬һ߰ԵػӦ
̣ôϣ
ͷ֮˵̣߳ߣһɫۣ˫ް߰ףϵ¶ºۼϢȰҪǿ󼸷ֵϷ˾
Ȼǲ͸ҵģ
ҶԴԴϵݵ⣬̵ǿĥ˰塣
ңϣ߳Ͼң
֧飬ľ˴İֵĴоĥȥҪĥˡ
ৣ
澳һ֮ң̤һ˲һҶǰ֮Ҫܡ
ϵٶȿνǼ죬£Ҷز׽Ĺ켣Ʋ˫ἤҵȶûһٶȲӰ㿪Ĺ
ľƽڣɣ
ϵ˵вҶϾ̹ƻľϵС壬ֱƽ˰֧Уڲɡ

ľƽ壬ˣǿȫľ
κΣ̫أʧ˴룬޷вľֻھ


1747 ԭʼ̥
˫ᣬ㾹Ȼõ˲ĴУ
ƳҶ壬չʮףëһ͸ǿϢĲ˫ᣬϸӵĳԾ
һ棬ͻƵ֮
ĴиǱѰңѰ궼޷ҵĲУȴҶõˣϵ˸е˼顣
ǰǺԸȸԸ߳ϣעⰲȫΣգһὫǼʱ͵ǬУ
ڴܵвҶ粻Ҵ⣬
ã
ħһϧʩչ˼ǿнʵǵ
ǰ̽㣡
Ҷʩչһ֮ʱ޷ʩչΪ˷ǿ̽ħ
ã
ӹ̣ħǧڽֳ̹ʵǿϡ
ħȫʱҶ缫Ĵʥͼǿĵ뵽Уٵҡռ䣬˲Ӱϡ
Ҷ磬ħʱȸ߳ϼսһ𣬶Ƶ˿ƸԵıڴܵ͹
ʥ꣬ն
߳ǿʵס̺칥ʱʥҶ£ӳĻ꺣ޱߵѪ⣬ն߳ϡ
ҶЩĲ͸ҶԽһ¥ʥһն䣬߳϶Ҵ⣬ֳһɫĳ꣬ȫֵ
˫ᣬǿٶȣ
ʵԶԶ澳ϣҶ罫ٶƷӵ˼£ʮʱ٣ΧϻûһۻҵĲӰٶ
ʱ٣
ĪҶ磬ϲţͻȻʩչʱڶؾ磬ǿнΧ٣ӻҶĹٶȡ
ʱ٣Ȼ͸ʱĶؾ磡
ܵʩչʱٹӰ죬Ҷɫ΢䣬γ˰ؿռƣǰֵնĳ깥
꣡
ϻӶ깥£ҶǰγɵĿռؽһˣҶת˲ŵĿ϶ܵһߣٵȶ˫ᣬ֯һ˵ĳն䵶һ㣬ϡ
Ҷȫʱħ̲ϵرͷĿռ䣬塣
ħʱӵǵ񾳽磬ȫ£̵γɵ֮˼鷳޷ȫҶ硣
ǣ
ʱһ
ľ˰ȫɱٶȼķҶ硣
Ȼ˰ľ
оľȫԽƷ޽̵ˮ׼ҶĴϲҡľȫ
꣡
ڻľͷŻй⹥£ƬĿռˣµĻй˼鷳ٻͷһƷͨʥȼޣǱľȫѹˡ
ľȻ£
̵ľϲٲ׾Ѹٽ⿪зӡһǿ
ɷӡ֮ȫͷţʱ˲Խ˰棬ʱӵһʵҶ磬ħ˾޴Σա
䣡
ն䣬µĹݺݵնŤռϣ˲ն̣ħ˾޴ѹ
ţϻ賤һ̺ĹӰ糱ˮ㹥Ҷħѹס̺ͻľĹ
ۣ
һɹǿķ֮Ҷħ˫˫ˣƱȫѹơ
Ƶ˵ĴҲΣգʵǿŰΧ

ΣգҶϽ˴͵ǬУٵȶ˫ᣬȥҪʱ䣬ڷӡ֮ʧټ֮ɱ
޵ռ䣡
Ҷڲ˫ٶȼ죬ӵ澳֮޷壬òܣϿղ޵ռ䣬ҶķٶȺͿռ䡣
ңδ̫ˣ
ۿռ䱻ܷҶ罫ȫʵ뵽˫УŲ˫ǿ֯Ŵ⣬ֱӴԽ޵档
ģ
ռʧܣϺ޵ֱ˫ٶ̫ˣҪķٶ̫ˡ
ס˫ᣬҪɱҶ罫졣
Ҫĵʱ֧ͻȻˡ
ʵ֮ԭʼ̥ɳأ޵֮ƣϡ
䣡
ԭʼ̥޵֮ȭӡĴӡײһγԲεΣƻһУռҡΡ
Ӳһƣԭʼ̥ԶĵС
̫̣ݵĵշ𣬱֮ϼսһ


1748 ͶӰ
ԭʼ̥̣
ԭʼ̥᲻ɴݵ壬ϼɱʱҶ̡
̷ֲ̺̫߳ϵ˸赲ֻײϡ
¡¡
ϻӶ꣬նͷ֮ϣʱ챬֮Ӳն˻ȥ
סն˵̣ԭʼ̥б֮ڽУ̵ϡ
ںԭʼ̥ͷŵİ̵֮Ͻռѡ
ɱ
ԭʼ̥۾б޾ɱ⣬̣ηĹϣڰмɱ
缫ϡ٣ϵʵ͵λδӵУټԭʼ̥᲻ɴݣ̤澳һʱ޷ѹԭʼ̥Ĺ
ԭʼ̥ϼɱʱҶ缤˷ħ˰ƣ쫷磬ܡ
Ȼ˴ǰܣ񼶸֣ʱҶ繥̫ˣټٶȾˣܱҶֳַħն塣
СҲɱĲΪˣ
˲ϱҶɱͻƵ񾳽߳ϻðɣ쳤Х
ֶκ͵ԶԶϣ޷Ҷ磬ԽԽ
ǰȸٳ
߳ϷŭХʱҶ罫ħͿȸٻ˳ȫܡ
ˣ˵սȥ
ħͿȸʵ£ǵĳ߳ϵ˵Ĵѩϼ˪ټĪ⣬˵Ҷ磬ܵٶȲϵѣ˺۵߳ϲòӵսϣսơ
ߣҲֵң
Ҷһʥڽ˷ħУȫսơ
ҶȫʱħȸҲʹȫ
⵽Ҷ˿ըս˵ѺۣµսҵĲ
߳ϵΣգϹϵ޷شԭʼ̥ȫԮ
ԭʼ̥£ϵжܵ˼Ӱ죬Ҷ˺սƣɱս֮С

һʹĲҽ
Ҷһ㣬¾ܣѪ֫ɢһأս˼
ô
֮ΪܵҶˣʵ̫ˣŶϻĲҽ֮ͷð˿ſź飬ĸǿֻ
ٲУ˾ֻһǾ
֮ԽԽֻţ֪ʱŭ϶ĵơ
ͶӰ
óһöӡؽƵľʯöʯʱһǿ֮ھʯ˲ûһɣһףںڳ裬˫·Զʮصӡ
棬һԭʼ̥
ĵƣϳͶӰ
¡¡
ϴͶӰѸӡһƣµâ·ǳһ˷ԲĿռ䣬ԭʼ̥
ͶӰԭʼ̥̽з
ٻͶӰʵֲ̫ԭʼ̥޷ǿ
һ£ͷŵ֮ˣµ͸̺ݺݵغԭʼ̥ϣֱӽӡ˵档
漶ͶӰ
Ҿ֪϶תǬֶΣ
ĿͶӰһ֮֮ŵ˵أͶӰƿش֣оҶ罫졣
棬ԭʼ̥ͽˣȥҶ磡
϶һӿٶȷ˾Ҳս߳ϵ˶ԸҶˡ

϶õƣʱӵ漶սҶ粻Ҵ⣬ɱʱħȸ͵ǬУٵȶ˫ᣬ֧ĽƣϵĹ
ȫϧһдش
ֳֳ귢ĹһαҶ㿪ŭ죬߳ϵȫ
ҵϵ˹£ϵ飬γ˿µϵҶ塣
ȻҶ㹻ǿ󣬵⵽µǿȻЩԲ
𽥼أٶҲܵ˼Ӱ졣
ԭʼ̥ͶӰ£޻֮ͶӰ͵Ĺȫ𣬼ӲҲ˵Ѻۡ
ԭʼ̥
ȫʧأҶ⣬ԭʼ̴̥͵ǬУٵȶ˫ȥ
Ȼϵȫӵв˫Ҷٶ̫죬գ֮ͳϵ˵ĹɳԶʧڻҵ壬ŭ죬쳤Хϵˡ


1749 µĿ
ǣƿصǣռĿռ䡣
֪⵽ҶΧʧصʧᵽΣϢǿĽƣ壬ˡ
ţ巢źţ漶ǰԷҶϮ
һʱ䣬ǵձýŶѹ֣ر٣ʧҶһγ쵴
еˣ
˫ٶȣͻΧ뿪壬Ҷշת⣬űؽֵǣҶ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȵʱһռ䣬ϼ޵ɿճٻ˳
ɿճ棬ɿռ涴
ǣˣ
׶೤ɿճ˵ͷſͣٵɿռڣܿ촩͸ǵؽƣһͨڲĿռ涴
˳ǣҶ粢ûеһʱɱ壬ԭʼ̥أι䣬̽Ϣ
ԤеΣգǰ漶ԼäĿϮ壬Ͷ
ȻΪǳأž޴еȴȻҶûòǹϵĽֵߣ·˵ĶԻ
һ·ľǶ̸ۣ˽˵𻯹ʥӣõ岻ٴܵĴС
ܿ죬ɫҶ׼ҸطϢʱͻȻһֵͷŵ֪ˡ
ģΪһСӣȻŪĻ̻̣ǣҾͲҶͷۣҹǰ
һֳۣһȣ͸һĨ԰׵ӣͬ£λǵİٻȥ
үȥٻӿǧ̫ǵ𣡡ڻ֮Ϊѵ˵
ҵǵĵĶ࣬ҾͲҶ֪ǣں˵ҶӼ˺üˣԼȥٻ棬Ǹɨ£Ĳǡ
֡
Ҷֱֻ֪ϵӲ죬ֵĿ꣬ĸ滪ӣ˵ƻͨݺݺַ࣬Ƿİٻӣ׼סʣѻ֪꣬ڵҪϢ
ϣλӣĺܣǲǵһҰٻӣ
ûòҶո߽ٻӣһű¶˫֮ŨױĨٸŨŨ˹˵
ţҶ翴һ۱ŮӴӵ᷿Ļӣƴֵ˵Ұһ᷿
˵ţҶóżƷ쾧ٸС
Ʒ쾧ĻңóףҶһ־żƷ쾧ٸЦ˻ʮ§Ҷĸ첲͸Ӱ᷿
ٸ᷿ȥʱҶȫͷų״͸᷿ƣ֪˲޵Ļ档
ʵҶ֮ĸӵļ̣᷿е޻޷Ĳһ˿ܿ죬ٸ£һװ޼ݻ᷿С
ӣԵƬ̣͸ӰŹǰȾƣٸΪҶ絹һƮ裬ĵʵ֪ϲʲô͵ĹǸߵĻǷġ
ҿ㲻ҺȾưɣҶǬָóһöƷ༫ѣ̺ǿ壬˹̴ľɵԲϣ˵
ȥ£һ㹫ӺȾƣ
Ҷϵ壬۾һöպã˳ȥȥһеİţҪƣõ᷿С
ڷƣҶ绳ţҪջҶ磬ݵʯȹʱһǿĻ֮ƽĻ꺣С
֮䣬ԺвǿĻ˫һڣֱӻ˹ȥ
ԺҶ˫ۣͷǿ͸˷䣬ŮߣʮܵĻӡ
Լһʱ䣬һۣͦΣ۾ӵұ§Ů߽᷿С
ܿ죬᷿дЦʹϢ֮ڿ
֣Ҷûеʱ䣬ƻ֮ûòڵ᷿ȥ
ƿ᷿ڽƣ߽ȥʱŮϵ·ѰΡ⣬ӺһŮӹ⻬ҹ
ģ˭˭á
ͻȻҶ磬Ӷһţ¶ŨŨŭðɡ
ӻδ˵꣬䱻Ҷˣţʸоһǿѣǻ꺣˫һڣŮһ뵽ȻС
ѻ꣡
ҶߣԶѻꡣ
ܿ죬֪Ժе䣬ֶԻӽѻꡣ
ֻ֪Ů˵İ䣬ϣ
Ҷ΢΢˶˵Դǵ꣬ǻɱ
ɱˣҶһ㣬뿪ƮŨŨѪζ᷿ȻϢǰ塣


1750 ҹеĻɱ
ûлǾûдڵıҪˣ
ȰںҹеҶ磬űǿ֣žһƬ壬ٻɿճ棬ƿ˽ƣǱС
ϣͽɵ
ҶϢǱ壬ʩչĪɱɱܡ
ݣ
һ΢ƿ
һĿ࣬ȫűըԼ⣬׳ֱͼڵܣոƿţһٽʹԴ꣬ӱһţѪɥȪ
ڰ˸
һ۵ѪеӣҶ΢΢һ˺ҹУɱܡ
ҹԽԽɥһŨŨѪζƯУˡ
ʱҶ磬ǱУ׼ԭʼ̥أһʵų漶硣
ʲôˣظʲô
Ҷո̤أһͻȻ𣬴ĶС
˳ԴҶ翴һɫۣƤɱûһ˿Ϣ·ľһߣһߴʯע
ɱˣ
ȻûϢԸӦ£Ҷ绹ظоʵһ¡
ȾĴܣҶкֶܶνɱ
СӣĹػţ۾бĹâӵǿң˭㶼Ҫ
˵ţϢ˾춯صı仯صγһյĴ֣ںڰ£Ťһռ䣬ҪҶشá
̺ϵֹҶû㣬һʥӳĻ꺣лһƥеĺ⣬һն֣Ƶǿ֮
ʥ꣡
¶֮ɫԾҶ羹Ȼʥ꣬оҶʥﵽ˼Ʒͨʥˮ׼˼в
ݣ
߳Ծ֮ʣҶӶˣȰǰؿںһȭ
һȭһƥеĿֲȭâؿըӿŰڽȭѹ˼£ûᵽΣϢòȫ㡣
߷ӦٶȿνǼ죬Ҷƶٶȸ죬գ֮ͱƽ壬ֽȭµȭâ޷㣬ֻӲ
ۣ
ӲҶȭâӲϵزѪ˳Ӹ߷ݣӰ׹
֮ɱУ
Ҷʵ󣬻ʩչطͨǿ֮йɱҶ硣
̣
֮ڳʱҶٻ̣̲ϵرͷųǿ֮ϣ˻С
һʹĲҽӱĥ飬һѪɥȪ
ľأԭʼ̥ȫɣ
ɱصĻߣҶٻ˻ľԭʼ̥С
رľӡ̺ϱԭʼ̥ܿʱ巢˴ҡ
ҶʩչеʼһĽɱܡ
֣֮𣡡
Լ峤¶켫׷ͨʥ֮Լ֮͵ĹҶҪɱ
ȻûκεıȴӵҶȫʵֺ֮֮͵Ĺдɱ䣬ɥ֮С
Ҷ磬ôģ
ģϳԼշҹҶ硣
ʣᣬʩչĴɱܣոǵ
Ҷ磬ҲɱĲΪˣ
һѪУɥȪܣ켫ޱʹͨʥȫһ
Լһʱ䣬һܲסͨʥĹˡ
ܿ죬ʣҲˡ

鲣һ켫һ˿
ʱǸоصı仯ɫ䣬˹ȥգںҹҶ硣
Ҫ̤ʱͻȻоµĵһ£һޱȵɫƿ˼Ӳĵ棬ٶȾ˵Ĺǡ
ͣ
ڻľɫ빥£켫Ƶͨʥ֣֮֮˫˫ˡ
ּˣ
űľƳصˣƯڰеҶ˫Į˵
Ҷ磬ΪУֻҪ뿪Ըı
оصٵ½Ľò
ðϸҿԸ·Ҷ΢΢һЦϷʵ˵
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫ̫İΪУɣ켫ջ˵
𣿲˲аҶԵƥ˵ҵıǿ¿һˡ


1751 ʣħ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪţΪһ󣬼Ȼ㲻֪ôȥɣ
һ˵óӡУŴͼĹӡ
öӡѪʱöӡ˲ˣͷųǿٻ֮
ţɿµϢӿһֻչףȫɫëͷڣȫǿȶž޴ĳˡ
֮󣬸һɣһƶɽӵһͷɫֳһֲħ
û뵽廹ȵƣƾɱң
ȻԸӦ£Ҷоʺħǰ澳磬ľ˰ޱǿˣټϻľȫУǿнصй޾ʺħĹ
ʣħɱ
Ŀ¶׹ؿҶ磬´˱ɱ
ণ
쳤Хµ͸ʮأҵȶɫĳ򣬾޾ĿϯҶ硣
ʹ˲䣬ħ߾ٸֲ棬ǧڽٵ趯֯һƾ˵ĲӰſռ䣬Ҷ磬Ҫ
ʺħĹҶڰһ޾ĿĲӰϮʱصĻľޱҡҷɫڣͷŻй⣬ƵʺħĹ
ƱƣʺħҶ緢ˮĹƣҪɱ
ľ̫ǿʺħι޷ƻľķ޷˺Ҷֺ
أɱǣ
ʶľĿ£켫ɫ΢䣬˫˫ͨأҪɱҶ硣
ͱľƿأ޷ͨ޷ƿء
ôľ˵죡
޷ܣرľ׿Ƶʵϵص֣һͬ
κλľķټϻľγǿϹǽܵĹ֮Ȼ޷ƷΣҶ硣
ڻľʣ˹ʱصԴԴϵʧ˴ϣԭʼ̥ڽпԽ棬ﵽ澳
ԭʼ̥ܴﵽ澳ƿ̣ɻ塣
ħ
Ʋϱľֵɽħֲֳָ̤뵽ϼ½УİΣȫľ
ǰٳ
ħʱҶ罫ħٻ˳
ǹǣ
͹ľħħϳݣ˾
ǰħûֻһɰڲĿܣҶ紫֪
ܣħ۾бŨŨ֮ɫǺôĵӣɱֵܣʬܣұ̤ƽΪֵܱ𡣡
˵ţŭħֳ޵սɱ˱ľƵأˣҪɱйޡ
ণ
ħɱ˳˾쳤Х˲仯ǿսֳ̬һȼ֮˫նħ⼤ɱ

Ȼħǿս˫ӵаʵ͹£ħòʩչ˼ʵʼɱ
ħʩչȻֵס͵ĹۿشҶ綯ȫƣʵɱ˳̹ʡ
䣡
̱µ֮ݿʵĹ׺ݵĹ
һ񣡡
ţҶħںһ𣬼˰˰ƣһ֮⻪һţ޵еĽһϡ
£ȻֵסħĹ
һؽ۳ؿϣѪȪһӿ˳

ץסʴ˵Ļᣬħǧڽֳ޵սݺݵϣµĵֱӽʴӰն档
ণ
⵽شȫŭʣ쳤Хȼǿٶ£ڰлûһۻҵĲӰҶħ͵ķ
ǰȥɱܣʽң
ĪٶȣҶٻ˲˫ᣬٶ£ڰмҵɱ
飬ǹɣ
Ѫħһֳ޵սնɫޱ
أ
ֱ֮ħһµĵݺݵغϣѪһѪ
һնħʤ׷޵ս͵Ĺɱܡ
ٶ£ʼɱҶ磬ٻ˿ȸڤ֮ޣѪʨ룬һ𹥻ܣǷ𹥻
ħ
ȫʧأҪڻľɱħٻ˳ħˡ
ǣ
ʱϿήƳɫ룬γΣֱӽħ棬޷Ԯˡ
ۿܱŭħ¾Ѿȫ͹Ҷ磬ȴһѪ˫壬Ӱ׹⵽ػ


1752 ԭʼ̥޵
Ҷ١ϴ󡭡
ɱĿȸû뵽ͻȻȱʣһϷɱܣ׷׳ҪԮ
Сӣȥɣ
£սḻŹȻᣬֳȼ֮˫Ҷ緢һҪ֮ʣɱ
ɱң̫Զ
ռؽ
Ҷ粻ƣǿĿռ֮ǰγ˲İؽƣֵʵһ
ռ籩
ؿռʱҶʩչռγĿռ籩ϯʣӻĹ
ţľк£ɵߣҡҷĻй⣬ǿ˺ƿռ籩ʡ
䣡
һϵмҵײС
ӵаսʱľӲ˻ȥıɱһҲľǿƵû˺Ҷ硣
ʱˣħֳ޵սն˹µĵâһΡĵɽӲʵĳһνˡ
໣
ʱˣħܷײеĺֳַĸֲ˹
̣
ħϮҶ֮˲伤ǿĹŤת֮ײħܵĹݺݵغϣֱӽײ˳ȥ
Ȼħ޵У̿Ʒֵ̺ܵģ⵽̹ħǿˣµӿ뵽У˵Ѻۡ
ǹǣԲסˣ
ħ⵽ǿһʱħǰʩչħһĴͨһµ֮⣬ƽħܣڵ׳Լ
ߣ
켫ȥٴȥǽ׶༪٣вʵҵȥ
ëܣ
޿ˣŭһʩչͨ׷ϡ
ʵֲηʹ£Ҷ磬޵˱Ӳأֻ켫֮زز
ȫȼգ
ȥʲûܣϧ۵ȫȼ̶ʵȫҶˣҪǰ汳ġ
ʷĹ£Ҷ磬ȸǵƲϵؼأѣҶֻܽ˵ĿȸǴ͵ǬУԵʵķˡ
ʱɱۣҶֵס
ǣ
Σʱ̣ϼʧͻȻˣеԭʼ̥һǳҶǰֵסʩչĴɱС
漶ԭʼ̥
оԭʼ̥ɢǿ漶֮ɫ䡣

˲֪µأԭʼ̥˳ͻƵһǵ澳磬ʺһȭµȭâؿռ䣬һȭ㲻ʺ˳ȥ
ۣ
漶Ͱ֮ʵ༫ټأֵסԭʼ̥һȭ˫۹ͷ˵ѺۣѪ
һȭʣǿ漶ԭʼ̥µĹȫѹסʣϵش壬һδκ˳ȥѪš
أȻûȴȼǿѪ֮˱壬ηԭʼ̥һδ͵Ĺ
ԭʼ̥ķ̫ˣʷĹ޷˺ԭʼ̥ȴԭʼ̥ȫ£ϵؼء
һαԭʼ̥ɳȥʱԭʼ̥ǧڽ˫ץסʵĳ
һ̣ԭʼ̥˾쳤ХӲʾ޴ĳ˺ѪѪһӰȾء
Сӣ㲻Ҫ⣬һΪұǺܿڻȪģ
˫ᱻԭʼ̥Ӳʷ˾ĳХʵԱԭʼ̥һ
ǿ֮ĩԱȻδ˺ԭʼ̥ǿĹȴըһ޴ȱڡ
ħʩչħһ崫ͨħȫͽʣѪ뵽ǬУٵǵ֮
ߣȥϴر⣬Ȼ뿪
ɱ̣Ҷûеʱ䣬ҵر⣬ıϴһգ뿪塣
ûãҶǿ壬صһٴϯٴȻ󲨡
ң⵽شʱ壬漶ܽ׷ɱҶ硣
Ҷ˼ˣ壬ܽ˸췭ظδܷټ


1753 ˵˳
ʱ󣬺ܿ죬ʮʱȥˡ
ʱƣҵ򽥽ָƽ岢ûзҶ׷ɱ
ԳǰڤǰˣǶౣأ
ʮʱ䣬Ҷȫ˶ǵ۷֮Ǭв͸޵µĳ̶ȡ
ʱ̫֮ĹԽԽҶ׼ǰս
磬ǽ㽻ˣһİȫԳÿƯɰ㣬е
İԳǰһƽ
˵꣬ҶǱԳڤ֮ˣͨŴ뿪ǰ˻Ҹӣս
ʮ꣬Ǭйȥ˶ꡣ
У㣬ƵѪ˫˫ͻƵ񼶾磬ħǹһͻƵǵ񣬿ȸ浤Ҳ۷塣
ޣѪʨ˴ٵʵ൱
ʱҶյѿǰǿκε㵽磬յʵҲС
սҶ磬ƵȫûòʵԦսԼٶ̫֮Ĺȥ
磬˵̫֮Ĺ˭Ĺأ
ƵҶ绳Уķǣʵ
̫֮Ĺ£δ̽ܣ̫֮ĹĵͼҲҴ⴦վҶ§Ƶӵ
磬еĵͼ᲻ǼٵģƵЩǵʵ
ܣҶ˵ͷǽ뵽̫֮Ĺ֤ʵͼǼٵģǾ̫֮ĹΧתת
սҶԦսʱ䣬֣ſºǿʯ̫֮ĹΧ
û뵽̫֮ĹλþȻ¶ˣ
̫֮Ĺ⣬ҶͷŵоٸڸȻ̫֮Ĺλñ¶ˣٸͼı̫֮Ĺ
ʮʱȥˣ̫֮ĹΧĿռѾȶˣֻҪСģѾԳŽ̫֮Ĺˡ
ҶóѶ̣ϵʱҾ޴սɿʻҶսǰͻȻս͵ĹҪݻսɱҶˡ

Ҷû뵽ս׾Ϳ𹥻ʱŭˣƵɳ˾Ҳսħս
ҶֳڽأƷͨʥȼķ컭ꪣڽնһڻ𣬳һҾ޴սϡ
컭ꪣƣ
Ҷ籩һ컭ꪲϵرնɽӰһնսֱӽ޴Ĵͷնһ޴ȱڣµս
ಣ
ս⵽ʮħַɳսҶŰΧˡ
ǺôĹϮħսҿǻĲ
һɫͷۣ˫޻ףħ۾Ӵδ˵꣬һǿѣĻ꺣УԴɱ
ʵڲӦң
Ҷ۾͸ŨŨɱ⣬ٻ˲˫ᣬٶޣʮħ֡
أ
ڲ˫ṥ£һħֺ޻֮һѪƮɢڰС
գ֮䣬ʮħֱҶѸ֮ƻɱֻʣһɫ԰ףӷǰһȫɵһħܡ
Ҷ˫ƵһħܺԥȼȫѪʩչѪǿȥ
ˣ
ȫʱһǿѣĻ꺣һһƬհס
һ̣Ҷ˲һԣԶѻꡣ
ţ˵˱ħˣţ˶ħ壬Լħ壬ħ׽סѺǿУ
ħܻ꺣л֪ҪϢҶ¶һ˿ŭָ΢΢ֱԴɱ
ߣȥˣ
ȻҶ˽ʶʱ䲻Ϊ˺ˬкøУټŵ˵һݻԵԵ֪˳µϢҶԥǰȥԮ
ħ̰ͼ̫֮Ĺһֱפھ̫֮Ĺһ޴½ϣϢһ߹ע̫֮ĹΧռı仯һ߻ɱԿ̫֮ĹĴܡ
Ҷһħл֪Ϊ˵õ̫֮Ĺħ澳ܣʵǿħϣħ澳ħɽ
ħɽ֮⣬ħĳħǶħ棬ħһħ档
ħһħܣǶ̫֮ĹӣҪҿ̫֮Ĺܣõر
Ҫȳأ
ҶǱħڵ½˼Ӫǵļƻ
һħħסԭʼ̥ڣҶҲ׶༪١
Ҷ˼ƻʱһϤӰǰˣҶƴ΢΢һһ


1754 
ʲôˣ
ոշɻص½ħһͻȻоһϢʱ
ȫħҲһ̾緢ǿϢͻȻֵҶ硣
죬գ
Ҷħһ˵Ϣٻ죬ͷųһµƣһռ䣬ħһ˿ռС
Ǻˣôĵӣ֪˭
ŽԼǿƽƣͻƵħħһţĿؿݵҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ҵȻ֪˭Ҷ΢΢̵ħһּˡ
㵽˭
ҶһڵԼ֣ħһͫ˲Σյ״ĪĲһ˿
֪˭ֻҪ֪㲻Ӧ
˵꣬Ҷûħһϻ΢΢һ֯һޱȵĳնħһˡ
ǰ㵲뿪
ħ񾳽Ѹٵħһǰٻ֮ͨǿĹҶ磬Ҫˣħһܴᡣ
̣
Ҷһ̷ɳ壬ϵرĥǿֱ֮ߵķǶС

Ĳҽߵ屻µ֮ˣ̼仯Ѫ
棬
͸޵֮ħһľˣͷð˴ĺ飬Ҷþ֡
Ҷһɱ֣ҪɱѴ֮
ȵȣ㲻ɱңħħ棬ϸħ棬ɱңһоһʱɱ㣡Ϊ˻ħһòħҶʩѹ
ģڻмֵҲɱ㣡Ҷ΢̵ûмֵͲ˵ˡ
˵ţʥӳҶ꺣ڰлһĿĺ⣬նħһ
ʥ꣬Ҷ磡
Ϯʥ꣬ħһµҶݡ
ʱʥѾն䣬µĽֱնħһͷħ޺ۣһˡ
ţ׹䣬ѹħһϣֱӽΡ
ѻ꣡
Ҷ˻ԲѵħһߣԶѻ֪꣬䣬ȻҶ罫ƣѺǬС
֮⣬û
Ҷһƻ֮ûħһģ
֮ʥͼ֮ü£±ħ濴ݡ
˳ûħһҶ죬մħһԺл֪䣬ٵħ½ʱйȥ
ܿ죬һ޴йӡ뵽Ҷйħأħ沢δйвκεĽơ
ˣأôûи
Ŷһ˷ɻҶ磬ħйĸǰ
ΪҰȥˣʱ
ҶģħһĮ˵˳Ľ뵽й֮С
߽йҶûеʱ䣬ֱǰ˹ѺΣҪڵһʱ佫Ǿȳ뿪

ػεħħһͻȻ¶֮ɫ
ΣҪȥ
ҶĿɨһħݿܵ
ǣ
ħûж룬ֱӴΣҶ뵽ʪƮŶС
ţǿĽƣ
߽ΣҶ緢һηзӡǿĽƣƳħ֮֡
վУҶ۾Լٵݣ͸һνƣӦе龰
ţôֻôˣأ
Լ͸ΣҶ緢ֻѺʮˣζǿյģ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ɿճ棬ƽ
Ϊ˱ݾߣҶûǿƿνƣǽɿճٻ˳ƽνơ
ɿճ£ѺĽƱƿˣҶƿصţ˻ˣһϢڳʪϣ΢һ
о߽ˣ΢΢ƤӣһҶ磬ر۾
ͻȻһɢŨҩĵҩͣͷųǿҩ壬ơ
ңҶ磡
۾͸ɻ֮ɫҶ紫˵
Ҷ磡
ҶϤҵ˫͸˵âѪ۵¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
ȲҪȽƿ뿪Ҷ紫
ǧҪƿЩħħʩӡǣһƿǻһʱӦģҡҡͷ֪
ûϵ㱻ǷҲûʲô˵ģߣסңҶҡҡͷŵ˵ŶأǹѺʲôط
ʱǱܣŶǲ裬ȫɱˣ˵ֻʣ¼ˣȫѺ˵ǻмֵǸܻڡ
ģ˵˵ĳһǱģ
Ҷû뵽Ѿˣ۾͸һ˿ɫŵ


1755 
ɿճ棬ٽνƶҶٴٻɿճ棬
ǣˣ
ɿճʩչǿɿ֮ϵضνơ
νƱɿճƿʱҶֳַħŷħа˰ƣһƽһսǬС
ţҶ籬֮һΣѺ˵˸ȫսǬС
ţ˽
סĽ˲䣬ħɽڵһʱоˣ¶֮ɫһԼٶηȥ
ɵϿʱһƥеĽâ˳ǿƵΣһն
ħɽѹ£µħ֮һֻµ֣ϢһҶĽâ
ʱٻ˫ᣬٶȾ˵ҶɳΣ˰С
ʲôˣ㽫һôˣ
ŻûħһҶ磬ħɽɫ˫бŨŨɫʵ
ǸѾˣҶħɽɫݵ˵
һҿԸȫʬħɽݿܵ
ħһħɽµӡǣħɽ˻ڵһʱ֪
Ҷħɽ֮ʣĳħΰħԼħ壬ħַ׷׳֣ҶŰΧˣ·
㲻ң
վҶȴһ˿ţһ廨ħһǬٻ˳ħɽ˵棬Դꡣ
ڣûƭ˰ɣ
ڻɱħħһҶ΢΢һЦħһʬ˫ŭɶħɽ˵

ħɽû뵽Ҷ˵ţڻɱħһԼסħһʬ˲䣬Խһ˲һ㹥Ҷ磬ҪɱҶ磬Ϊħһ
ħɽħ棬ƶٶȼ죬ӵԵҶ練Ӧ죬˫һȣܵ˰С
ӣ챾ѷɣ
ħɽû뵽Ҷ羹Ȼ㿪ԼĹʥͼ籡壬ڽռ䣬ռơ
ħΰħҲʱ֣ͷųǿſռ䣬Ҷһ˿ܵĻᡣ
֮ƣ
ռ䱻ħɽ˽ƣҶȻţٻ̵̣֮Ĺޣ˼ӳĿռ䣬ֱӽռһ󶴡
š
̱ǿһ̣ħɽĪĲһ£޷ţҶǵ񾳽ʵȻӳǿ
ಣ
ħɽ˾֮ʣҶȼ˺Ѫ˫ٶƷӵ£˲ɳ˿ռȱڣԼٶ½֮ȥ
ܣ
عħɽһɫħƳ壬ȫ׷ɱҶ硣
ħɽķٶȼ죬ӵв˫Ҷٶȸ죬ϵ֮ľ롣
ģѵǲĲ˫ᣡ
ž޾Ŀ磬ٶȾ˵Ĳ˫ᣬħɽϳ˲˫
Ѫȼգ
ΪҶ磬ħɽϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮һٶȣȻ޷Ҷ֮ľ롣
Լһʱ䣬ԽԽҶʧħɽУʧããǿ֮С
費˫ħɽ׷ɱҶһʱǬһ黺Ʈʯϣ뵽ǬС
磬ħ׷ɱˣ
Ǭ˵Ҷ뵽Ǭʵ
ţѾǣڰȫˣҶ˵ͷαħҵģ
˵кħļϸȶ󣬼ϸ͵͵ǵλø˺ħ壬յǱħ壬ħְΧȫܣ̾ϢһľҶ硣
磬ħֽħ棬Ҫõ̫֮ĹлԵļ΢΢ȫڼ䲻ǷɣħĿ£Ҷ죬ҲħĶ֡
̫֮ĹĻԵҲҶҡҡͷᶨ˵ħҲ޷жȡ̫֮ĹеĴԵ
ǡ
ú˰ɣһнңҶĻҼȻӦһ̫֮ĹеĴԵһ
˵꣬Ҷ˵ҩǬĲԵſǬ㡣
һָоԼܿǬ㣬˵ܽеıԿ漶֡
ʹ˻˼еֶΣȻ޷Ǭ㡣
ĿǰʵǲԴǬ㡣Ҷ̾ϢһЩź˵
޷ǬռҶϥǬУŶԲߣ˼ҹҶԺиһ󵨵ļƻ
󣬾ǿ˭ܵõ̫֮ĹеĴԵҶ¶˷Цݣ׼̫֮ĹΧռδȫȶǰǰ棬ȡ̫֮ĹеĴԵ


1756 ը
Ȼħ˷̫֮ĹΧĿռ䣬𣿡
ҶϢĿ̫֮Ĺʱо̫֮ĹһɹǿĽƣ̫֮ĹΧ
Ȼħֶξˣµǿսȴ޷ֹҶ硣
Ҷһ˫ٶޣǿлһӰٶȾ˵ķǿսơ
꣡
һ
Ҷ費˫ĹֱӶǿսƣ˱֣ռңĪյ̫֮ĹΧռ䡣
̫֮ĹΧռʱħɽħڵһʱӦˡ
СӲҪʱ̫֮Ĺ
ħɽüͷšһΪħŴԽ̫֮ĹΧҿռ䣬̫֮ĹȴʧˣҶ˾졣
ϣҸоСӲ򵥣ͻȻ̫֮ĹΧռ䣬̣ĳħüͷ˵
СƵõ˲洫Уûо԰£ӦòգҾǻðջɱΪãħ˵ͷ͵
ãǾͽ̫֮ĹΧ渴ӵĿռ价ɱħɽ˼һ£ĳħΰħһ̫֮ͬĹΧռ䣬׷ɱҶ硣
ռ伫ȶ̫֮ĹΧռ䣬Ҷóõ̫֮ĹͼͨȶΧĻ͵Σŵͼα
ŵͼӦģ
ԼݸӦ£Ҷ緢еͼעĵΧĻһ£İϲӵŵͼ⿪̫֮Ĺܵļʽ
յͼעҶٵȶ˫ᣬԽغŵͼϱעվٵؽӽ̫֮Ĺ
أ
Ҷغмٷһʱһײе˻
һֻֻͨڣչףͷһǣצӷӾҷĺзɳٶȼĹҶ硣
ʥ꣬𣡡
żٷͷǿĺҶٻȼƷͨʥȼʥ꣬֯һɫӰɱһֻֻĺ
̫֮ĹΧĺʵףﵽ޵ȼٶȸǿ磬ʥ깥ٶȸ죬Ͻź壬ǽʳ⡣
ʱ䣬ΧҶĽֻʥɱˣѪںУޣΧҶ硣
⵽޹Ҷʧȥģǿĵ뵽˲˫УŲ˫ĹݻĽ𣬴͸صޣ̫֮Ĺȥ
꣡
Ҷ費˫ᣬɱ˲֪ޣʱʱĸ֪ͻȻǰռΣգȶ˫ȫ㡣
˲䣬һĿռѺ۳֣ͷηĻ֮ռ䡣
գ
ȻҶ˫ỤռѺɣҲ⵽ش
Եĸ֪ӹһʱݵָ֪Σգòٴ㡣
һʱڣҶʮ㣬㿪ʮµĿռѺۣ䣬ٶȲϵؽʹӰ졣
ҶΣķĻҿռǿǰʱݵͻȻоΣ
û뵽׷ˣ
оħɽ˵ϢҶ΢΢̣һ˿Цݣһ۵ͼ˵ͼעһΣյĵط
һ̣Ҷʩչѳ˾ԼٶǴյطȥ
ȴǬУܺõ
¡¡
Ҷ羵ǿдԽռ䣬ǴյʱħɽԵʵ뾵֮ľ룬ǿĵ֮չ
ħɽͷŵ£Ŀռ䲻ϵط飬¶һ̺֮Ѻۣ˾
ڻҵĿռУηٷУǴڴռеΣ֮ء
Сѷɣ
ħɽͫһʮѼƷͨʥ壬һĽй޾Ľ⣬նҶ硣
ħΰħҲһ̷˻һµ˷ԲĿռ䣬ĻҵĿռ䡣
꣡
ܲסħɽͷŵҶľ˵Ѻۣݿռ䣬ٶܵ˼Ӱ졣
ˣ
ҶѵѺۣս鼫ḻħɽ˸еһ˿ԡ
ǳ֮ʣ˺۵ľȫ˲ԶΣ֮ء
䣡
ھȫ£Σ֮ˣһħɽ˸оֲɽ緢һ㱬˲ħɽˡ
ã
ħɽɫ䣬ƴҪ㡣
ֲ̫ˣ˲˷ԲĿռ䣬ݿ˵壬ǲϵشһƣȫ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãħɽǿʵ˺˻֮ӳ졣
Ȼӹһ٣ıƼȫľǸ̶ܵͬȴˡ
Уħ˫۱飬ȫ˴룬ħƸΪأ弸飬ʣ°Ѫģħɽһ


1757 ̫֮Ĺ
ħ棬ϣǻ⣡
Զľ챬ըҶ¶˱ЦݣȶŲ˫ᣬ̫֮Ĺȥ
յͼעҶ紩ԽҵĿռ䣬ϻɱ̫֮ĹΧգҹʱ䣬̫֮Ĺ⡣
̫֮Ĺ
ǰʵʵǿӰҶϲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫо̫֮Ĺ⼫£вԼ
̫֮Ĺʲôط
Ʈ·һֻһ㣬Σոо̫֮ĹҶû׿Լٵݣ͸ؽУѰ̫֮Ĺλá
ԼһʱҶͻȻ˫ۣĴʥͼ籡壬ͷ㼯һֻ֣ſµĻ֮ݺݵӡ̫֮ĹҪ̫֮Ĺڡ
¡¡
⵽Ĵʥͼݻֹ̫֮ĹΧĽͻȻҵĲĺɫ·һƬٶȼ꣬ɱҶ硣
˫ᣬɢ
оƬɫĿ£ҶȼպѪ˫ٶޣƴԶȥܿ˺ɫĹ
ȫ˲䣬ոλñɫһ޴ĺڶµһС
ʧˣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽ԾȻݴ̫֮Ĺλã̫֮ĹƽָƽСĿ˹ȥԼݡ
ţԣݵλûд
Ҷ練һʱ䣬·ȷ֮оݵλûдոԼλã̫֮Ĺڡ
Ӧҹδ̫֮ܶĹڣ
Ҷ˼һ£ħȸȰȫٻ˳׼֮˺̫֮Ĺڡ
֮
Ҷٻ̣֮еƣ˲佫̵ޣйη̹̫֮֮Ĺڡ
̹˲䣬ľʥҲͬһʱ乥̫֮Ĺڡ
ħȸҲ׷ʩչǿĹ̫֮Ĺڡ
䣡
ͬʱ⵽Ҷ˷ǿ̫֮ĹĽƾҵĲ̫֮ĹΧĺɫⲻϵѣѿһڵĿռѺۡ
ߣ
ռѺ۳֣ҶħٻǬһ⣬ʮðյĳ˿ռѺС
ǣ
ҶռѺ۵˲䣬оһɳĿռ֮˷ӿѹҪѹƬ
˫ᣬȫ
ϢĿռѹҶ޽ߵԴԴϵ뵽˫УŲ˫ػ壬ƴռѺ۾ͷȥ
ռѺеĿռѹ̫󣬾в˫Ụ壬ȻܲסȫĹͷ˵ѺۣѪ͸Ƥ
ռ֮
ۿҶ屻ѹΣٶһԣʩչռ򣬽ռżѹĿռѹ
Լʱ󣬼ǰеҶڴԽ˿ռѺۣ뵽˱ŨŨֵ̫֮ĹС
ڽˣ
Ѫ屻ѹεҶ糤һ˳֮ĵϣڴŴ
뵽ոյһĻҶȻ£в˫Ụ壬˿ռؾ磬ҲѾ˿µĿռѺС
Ҷڵϣָ֮ʱƣվΧĿռ䡣
ֱֵ̫֮ĹгŨŨϵ͸ëף壬ʴ
ڻľػ£̫֮ĹеӰ죬ó˵ͼȷһ·λյͼע̫֮Ĺȥ
ǰлԵ
յͼעҶ緢ǰԶһԵ֮أǴԵ֮أͼעΪΣա
ȻҶ绹ΣյѶȣͼעǿѶȽΪǣΣҲͬСɡ
ণ
Ҷһᣬһ̶ĹͻȻ𣬼ݵǰԶоΣ
Ѫãٳ
ѪǹˣӵֶΣһٻѪãԸ̫֮ĹеĹ֮꣬׳Լ
ͻƵһǹѪõʵü£ֻû˫ȣƯڰУɱڵĹ꣬Ȼ壬ϵʩչǿĴֳͨͨʥɱΧĹ꣬Ź֮
Ѫȫ£Ĺҷ𣬶ǻɵľȫѪɣ׳ʵ
ܿ죬Ѫÿ·£Ҷ̫֮ĹһŸߴĹռ㣬͸ɱ֮ĹȺ£ǵͼעǻԵ֮ء


1758 ħ
ħһ꣬澳硭
ŸߴĹϵ֣Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽ĹȺľȻһ澳ħ
ǰ̫֮Ĺзħһ棡Ҷһħٻ˳
棬Ȼ̫֮ĹУ
Ĺϵ֣ħ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ħȻ£һǰȣֻ󱲣ħһħһͻƵ澳ĸ֮һ
ͻƵ澳ͻȻʧпܳΪħһħһʵ
꣬һͬʧģħһħڡ
ǰǺƿĹѨصǷħʬ˼ħҶ
ã
ħһعֳּƷͨʥ޵սҶһͬħ֮Ĺ
ˣ
⵽ҶħߴĹһ£ͻȻ˵棬ڽͽ֮⣬ѹҶħ
̣ƣ
ʮɸߵĹѹҶӭȥ֮ײĹ
Ĺײ˲䣬ħֳ޵սն˾޴ĹȺһƿĹȺƣʴɵĹѨһ޴ȱڡ
ĹѨѣһǿϢĹѨйȾռ䡣
һ̣һֻ޴Ĵ̽ĹѨȱڣ¶һž޴ס
棬棡
̽壬һڵľףħһϳʧµ棬òħżеһģһ
ʱħѱֻ֪ɱ¾ɣɢϢʵ൱һǵ漫µɣҶ˴˲Св
ǻԵһǵ漫µɣǻԵԼǻԵǸ£Ҷ̫֮Ĺеģʶ
ű泤ߣ
ħѪɫ۾Ѫ⣬ɱ¾Ϣ˵
ɶ񣬵ʲôʴ壬ɣ
ɱħħɫ쳣ѿо̫֮Ĺܲ򵥣ž֮ա
Сģ
ħ֮ʣħëĴȻһ̽ݻǿץħ
ۿħΣգҶٻԭʼ̥ԭʼ̥ħǰһĵ֮ȭǰֵħĹ
䣡
ǿײһ𣬶ʱǿı֮ռ䲻ϵز
̣ƣ
ħԭʼ̥ҶԹʱҶ缫ݻĴʥͼ޾ĵڽУ̵ǿɱħ
ͷ֮ϮħгһĳìĴ˳ȥϡ
ʱǧڽع̣Ӳֵס̵Ĺ
ľʥ꣬
̱ħֵסʱҶֽɱУȫħȫѹĹ
Ҷʹȫʱħֳ޵սҲն˹
һһеĵâϵն䣬͵عħҪնش
ˣ
ͻȻħͷϴħӳ޾ķ֮⣬ֵסħնĵâͻľʥĹ
ǿķ
Ҷû뵽ħħڷ˿£ľĹֵܵס¶֮ɫ
ħڻҶħĹħħںһ
˱һ˲䣬ħʵڽ˲Խһǵ漫£ﵽ˶ǵ澳硣
֮
ħʵ˲䣬Ҷԥ֮ƣǿһħ
ǿ£Ƭռ飬ħڵķ飬ƥе̺ݺݵغħϣ壬˳ȥ
ħ̺ɣԭʼ̥ħҲǿĹħ壬ƣս
໣Ǹȥ
һټأȫŭħƣںħ͵Ĺ
ҶյĴǿ֮ħԹ
ľѹ
ħƼأľҶ£ɵħͷͻȻһɫ룬סħڣѹħڵ
һ̣Ҷ磬ԭʼ̥ħ͵ĹȫѹĹƣơ
֮ĶԹԽԽңµĹϵشݻռ䣬ĴƻĲӡ
ҶĴԭʼ̥ħȫ£ħ忪ʼ飬ƸǱȫѹơ
ḷ̌˫ѹ
ħһظ߹һصĹʱҶƻľѹֱѹǿϡ
һ̣Ҷħĥ̴СԴԣԳԶѻ꣬Ҫ֪̫֮ͨĹܡ


1759 ̫֮Ĺ
ţħδȫɣ
Եʴħ꺣֮У꺣ʮֻңҪѻѶȼ
ҶһδγʱȴоħŬһѣֻ꺣̫֮ǿһʳѡ
һ֣ҶİϲŻħ˵ܴл֪̫֮Ĺܡ
ľħ
Ҷһƻľɫ룬ƽħ꺣Уǿ꺣еħ֪
ԣػ꣡
ľħ꺣ħʱ⵽ħļҷҶ约ɷ̫֮ǿ˺ħ꣬ػһѡ
Լʱ䣬ҶϵŬ£ħ꺣еħϵؼҶ罥ʧȥʶʬħ
ħɣ
Ҷ籩һǿлħ꺣һ˿
˭˭ң
ħ󻺻۾Ҷħ˻ռ䲻ϵز
棬ˣ
ħɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫû뵽Ҷ羹Ȼ˱ɵħ
ħ
оħеѪϢħҵ۾͸˵ɣ˵
ţħǧǰħסĵļ˵
úãû뵽֮ʣܼ֮ͬˣǲħ¶ѵõЦݵ
ǰô뵽ôɣɷǣ̫֮ĹܣҶһԽӻҪħѵʱѯ̫֮Ĺܡ
̫֮ĹʵһȦףһ壡ħ˼һ£ʯ쾪˵
Ȧף塭Ҷ¶֮ɫǰɷϸĽ¡
ðɣǻңħһˣҾͽҵǣϣܻ뿪ħһ뵽ػС
ͻƵ澳磬֪̫֮ĹĴڣħһħҪõ̫֮ĹеĴԵһʵ˭뵽̫֮Ĺʵһı壬ҷѾǧ뵽ѰԵʱȴһԳ˿ˣħ
񡭡˭ҶԾ˵
Գͽ̫֮ĹĸǰǿȦôֵһħʵֲҵʵħڣغϾͱشơħϸ˵
ǰ֪Ϲʱж˱ƣҶû뵽̫֮ĹлôһаĴڣһ˿
ܶܶ࣡ħ˵ܶ˱ֱ˸ɣ֮ûɣΪɣΪ׼ʱͻȻһд˽ش
УҶüͷһƣǰ֪Ĵ˭
Ĵ飬һֻ̤ĴܡһսǶѣܾˣһս֮˵ɣҲ뵽˯Уδڳ֣ħ
ô˵пδҶɫص˵
۷ܣôģӦ̫֮Ĺ˯ָƣħ
ǰ֪̫֮ĹкδԵ
֪̫֮ĹڣҶ⣬ʵ
Ҳ֪̫֮ĹĻԵԿ϶ǣ̫֮ĹҲֹһӦûвδԵҾͲˣħ

Ҷüͷšһ˼ҪҪðա
Ҷ˼ʱħ˹󱲣ϣܽʬǴصħһ壬һ
ãһʬǴصħһأħоħ֮𼴽Ϩ֪ʱղ࣬˵ͷ֤
ллħ˵ͷм˵ǰһݴԵɡ
˵ţħħ͸ħʩչطǿڵѪֱӹ뵽Уʵֱ̤֮
󱲣Ѿȫľڽ壬ֻҪԽһͻƵ漶磡
ͷ˿ݰɫɽÿή֮𼴽Ϩħ˵
ллȫ
ħ֪񼶾Խ漶ѶȣݻԵ󣬿˵ħ˾ȫԼ˫ȹأʧħͷ
һȰǵʵ̫֮̽ĹȫܣǻǾ뿪ɣ˵ţħڵϢʧˣڵϣһᣬ


1760 ͷ湭ϣ
棡
оħϢʧħ¶˹֮ɫ˵ϣٴؿͷҶҪһ޴ʯףħʬӡʯУ׼ħһᡣ
磬Ļ뿪Ǽ̫֮̽Ĺħһƽһʵ
̫֮̽ĹҶ˼һ£˵
Ȼ̫֮ĹΣأصǼв̫֮ĹеĻԵͬˣδȫԵõҶȫڶʱͻƵǵ֮
ο²̫֮ĹӦñħ岼޵Ϊ˻ɱҶ²ħ弫пӿµ漶֣ôȥͬΣա
УѾδ¶棬п棬ȥħƴɱðմһ
ãǾʹħҲûη˵
ǰȥǬȡͻƵ֮鷳㣡
̫֮Ĺ̫ΣգֻħͻƵܴ֮󽵵Σա
ǺãʮʱУһʱ䣬ҾͻƵ澳磡
Ȼɱ澳Ѷȼ󣬵ħħ󼸺ȫι̵ľƿѾɶֻҪһʱ䣬һͻƵ漶硣
̫֮Ĺͼ᲻µأ
Ҷ翴бעϸĵͼһָоŵͼйء
ͼ鴫ȥģŵͼĿΪʲô
ͻȻҶоŵͼĴںܲ򵥣пŴ
һ˼Ҷͨеͼ˵ڶǻԵأٻ˫Լٶȷ˹ȥ
Խ̫֮ĹȥҶоƮԽӵŨ͸ԼëףԼС
һ壬пʧȥңձɡ
Ҷлľ壬뵽ľȫɣ޷˺ֺ
ܿ죬ٶȼҶ磬յͼעԽ˵ڶǻԵأǧ״죬̺ǿ֮ʯ
ǧʯ룬ϥһͷѩף·ѷ绪¶ſľӵߣУһǶͷԼһŻʯĳ

еĳҶ۾һϳⳤ
Ŀռ䣬һĴҪõеҪƵ
ԭʼ̥
Ҷ罫ԭʼ̥ٻ˳һ߽ͬУƽ󣬵õ
ˣ
Ҷԭʼ̥߽ʱһ̬ʯӳһĿĹâֱʣݻһ󣬳ǿħĴ
һɹɳɱ֮ƴӴйҶԭʼ̥
ԣݣ
оɹɱħףҶԼݣѰ
ʱݵͼй糱ˮƣޱߵħҶԭʼ̥ҪôǺɱ
̣Ͽռ䣡
ɱϮҶȼ˺֮ѪĴʥͼ籡壬ڽУеƣռ䣬ϵؽϮɱƽɱ顣
ݣ
Ҷ̸ռʱڽϥ·µڡ
ͻȻ˽յ˫еͷ湭Ҷ硣
һ̳ҵĿռгһؼۣµļɱҶᵽŨŨΣϢ
ʥڣ
ؼʱ̣Ҷٻ˷ħʥ뽣ȫӭȥͻȻһ
ǣ
ǿĹײһ𣬱ڻҵĿռм޾Ļ⣬µϵռ䣬ռҡ
ţдڽڣͷ湭Ҷ磬Ҷʩѹ
зħʥͷ湭һ޷˺Ҷֺħȫֵסˡ
ľ󣡡
ħȫֵʱľƳҶ壬޽ߵĵ²ϵر󣬱һסҶͷһĿռ䣬ҡҷɫڣϵ˺ͼĹ
Ҷǿĵ̣סͼͷ湭ʱǧʯٴӳ֮⣬ڽ˼ݵͼУͼ
ţһëȻĹ
ƵͼзɳſһײеĴڣҧҶ磬Ҫ⣬Ѫ
꣡
оϮ̺Ļʮ־Ҷûûľǽ飬ǿ˺ҧԼѪ⡣
ԣɣ
˺ҧʱҶͷųǿ͸ȫë壬ϵؽ˺ҧɵԵϡ
Կ£ͼ޷˺Ҷֺ
ʱҶҲżϵ׳󣬼ݻ


1761 ͷ湭£
¡¡
ΪԵϣתͼںһſʯݻŹһףƾ˵غɱҶ硣
ڻḷ̌˫ṥ£ͼݻȻ˺Ҷ籾塣
Բϵ̺ٷɱ䣬ݻԽԽֲ
ͻȻһ
ͷ湭ߣ˫б޾ĹâһҶ𾪵бڽ˿ݻͼ
һ̣һſʯˣΪƣڻҵĿռ·ɰٴһ㣬ڽߵС
ϣһ漶֣
ںһſűƵʯγɵƣһǿϢ
ȫȫգͻȻӿն𣬿ǿ֮ڽͷ湭У湭Ĺ˾Ϊ˵һɱҶ硣
ԭʼֵ̥
һǸոʮҶ˼ΣϢòԭʼ̥Լǰֳַħȫӭ
ˣ
ħµײһ˲֮ԭʼ̥УȻδ˺壬ȴԭʼ̥ڵؽӡ
ԭʼ̥ɱ
Ҷͫһں˴ƣ·𸴻һߣ
ӵҶԭʼ̥ͼֳַħɵ˰У߷͵Ĺ
͵Ĺңƻռ䣬Ҷı塣
Ҷ㹻ǿڼϲ˫Ụ壬Ż֮ĳɸɾнǿͼѰ
ҵˣ
Ҷԣʱƻľȥ
¡¡
ڻľҡҷɫȫ£ݵͼʼͼĴƳѣͼ
̣ƣ
ڻľͼʱҶײȥµײֱ֮ӽͼıײֱӱ˳ϹĹɱͼ
ɱͼ飬ɹɱͼʯҲһȫˣơ
ʱſͣһʯ飬ɵƣ뵽壬塣
̣֮ƣ
˴ƣ忪ʼͣҶϵĴ֮ǿĹһ֮ʯݺݵײӷ׵ϡ
ȫ¡͵ѿ͸ȫѵѺۣй壬ƻṹ
һ̣ҡ
ץסѵõĻᣬҶԭʼ̥ңնϣ͵Ĺߵ壬ƣҪץסѵõĻᣬһٽ𣬶ޱͷ湭
ǰʵ£һʵħ棬ʥѹ£ҵסƣȴҶ磬ԭʼ̥£ϵؼأ۸Ǳ̽ˡ
۱飬ֻ֪ɱ¾֪ʹ飬ɵѪڽͷ湭У湭һ˲䣬湭˰˼ϮɱҶԭʼ̥
޼
˲˼ʱҶľںһ𣬴˳Ż֮޼ңԶǺһ㣬żɱ˵
һǺӰ޼мҶԳϢʱǿƿ޼Ҷ硣
ʱԭʼ̥ħںһһӭȥն޵һֱնֱ½ƵߵĹ
ǰȸѪãƵʥޣٳæ
Ϊ˾ɱߣҶ纰˰˴֣Ƹǿһͬߡ
ʹĿը£ߵ˫ˣֻ֫ʣ½ͷ湭֡
ⲢӰĹϿеѪڽͷ湭УһɱҶ硣
ʱһһ
Ҷ缯˵벻η߼ɱһһҹƾ֮壬սɱõ֮Դʥ˺ͷ湭
Ѫ
õͷ湭Ҷҧָͷ湭е֮ѪŶͷ湭
ͷ湭Ȼȴֵס֮Ѫ룬ܿ죬Ҷͷ湭ϵ
Ʒ
֪ͷ湭ĵȼҶ¶Цݣȱ磬Ҳ޴䶯漶ַ
ɣ
ѪҶ罫ͷ湭ս´͵ǬС
Ҷ׼ǬǱһʱ䣬ʥˣǵ񾳽硣


1762 ǵ
ʥˣ
Ҷ罫ħħʥ˳³ʥһ£ǿʥеħģؿڵļֱӽʥ˰ѹؿУٵ
ʱҶǬĵʵ
ͬʱҶ²һ㣬ħ׷ɱҶʧܣǲħħ棬̫֮ĹⲼ޵ȴҶɱ
ϣ˵СӶ̫֮ĹϤ
һɫۣüëŨڣ¶һɱߣһҾ޴սϣɫϵʵ
ߣħħŷ磬ħ֣ҲǶĴڣ˸
ϣҸҿ϶СӶ̫֮ĹϤȻǵ񾳽ʵ̫֮Ĺռ仹δȶǰֱӴΧþǣ
ȻͬΪħ峤ϣħŷڳ֮ףħɽɵ¶֮ɫ
˭ħԣȾָ̫֮ĹҶ֮أħŷ۾бŨŨɱ·Ҷƿ֮С
ʱţܿʱȥˡ
꣬Ǭйȥİꡣ
İУҶɹħħʥˣ˾ƿﵽǵ񾳽硣
ԵҲħʥˣõ˼ȴȻδܴǬ㡣
ħ뵽ħ֮˿µ漶񷣣֮һٿԽ˵漶磬Ϊ˻ʵһǵ棬˲ǿĴм䡣
Ȼħոͻƾ磬ħħħȫɶԿǵ档
ʱ̫֮Ĺˣ
ȫʥˣʵǵ۷壬Ҷûٵʱ䣬뿪ǬյͼעǴеطȥ
ͻƣҶٶȴܿ죬ɵǴеأһ߳չǧףɢĹͷŵ׹ľ޴Ǻ
Ǻؿڴһɳ·ëɣɢǿȡ
ȸٳ
ǰľ޴ǺҶȸٻ˳
ȸܱϳ߹Ǻʵ𣿡ҶָŽ¾޴޹Ǻʵ
һֻĹǺ
ȸϸһ޴ĹǺ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
Ҳټ벻۵ǽ棬Ѫͳεȵĸ߹
ԭǽĹǺҶߣȥշƽǺ
ллҶ٣
Ȼȥ£Ǻİ׹ǺеȻԣǳ
ҶͿȸʱһµĴڽǺƷڽ˽ǺУ˴ɫӬͷС֡
ণ
ţĹǺ·һ㣬ҶͿȸ˴ʯļ
Ѫȼգ
񱻹󼤻ҶԥȼǿѪ͵ƣ˲佫ʵ۷壬ٻְֳ̣׹ȨȵĿȸӭȥ
䣡
ӲһҶͿȸ̵ǺǿǺӲ̶ȳԽƷͨʥ̶޷˺ֺ
Ǳİ꣬Ҷ˸εգ
̣
Ǻȶž޴ĹǳϮҶٻĴʥͼڽУͷųֱ֮ƽ˽ǺУƽڵս
ণ
һĿǣ⵽ͷŵ֮Ǻʹİ
ʱȸ˰׹ȨȵȨϴһſŰ׹ͷ­˽ǺѹסĹ
֮ƣ
Ǻܲסͷŵ֮ʱҶ֮ǿɽһ˽Ǻϡ
֮糱ˮӿ壬ڵṹ
ǣ
ǿ£ڵṹȫˣҲֱ顣
䣡
ǺڰͻȻ飬İ׹ǣɢһأѻһСɽ
ȸȣ
˽ǺҶÿȸȣʥ𣬷ڻǺž
ȸѪѪͳȼߣûѶٹ򣬾ȣ˽Ǻԣı֮ŹǺڽ
ʱһȥ
ҶͿȸ֪ƣǺɹǺʵ
ҶոͻƵǵ񣬲żǵ񾳽磬ٵתת䣬ǺѨУ徳
徳彫ʱ䣬սҲ
ǰ켶ޣ൱棬Ǻ̺ӴҶתת֮һ͸о忪ʼʱ䡣
ڣҶ绨˰ʱ䣬˽һǺɹ巢ʱ䣬ﵽǿ徳ֱӳһǧڽ
徳ڳˣ
徳Ҷ糤һûٵʱ䣬ȸԼʣ޼ĽǺսǬУһĿȥ


1763 Σ
ʱţֹһʱ䡣
һУҶ̫֮Ḷ́ɱ˴õ˵ͼעĴǴееıһޱ浤һӵ֮Ļ顣
ȸ˲ֽǺʵķԾͻƵ񾳽硣
ͼעǴеضˣһֻȥǴеؿˣ
Ҷ罫ޱ浤սǬУһ۵ͼעһǴеطȥ
ǴеʱҶ˲С鷳˿µ籩
Ǭķ£ҶǬУ׵ֵס籩̫֮ĹһǴеĹĹ⡣
ʯ
ŹĹľ޴ʯҶ۾һȻĿǰԵʯãʯõ磬ܶһٺö
Ҷɨһ۾޴ĵʯĿͶ˹СɽһС֮ĹȺ
ǴеػкεȴػأҶ̤ųصĲһĹȺ
࣬ôģ
Ҷոտ޴ĹȺһͻȻ𣬴ĶУ֮Ĥۡ
澳ܣ
ĹȺдҶüͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼ޷ͨĹȺдܵʵʵԿ϶ǣԼԵĿ´ڣԼĿǰǿġ
Լħȸȫͻ˾磬ټ̶ĿƣԶ澳ܣҲûһս֮
Ҫͷ¶βˣٳɡ
ҶһʥӳĻ꺣ڰйһƥеĺ⣬һնĹѨĽƣĹѨһ޴ȱڣϢӿ
΢࣬㵨ӲСƻҵĹѨ˺㣡
ŭĹѨһͭżףֳһɣǶ潣ںڳ裬۾͸ħӴĹѨ˳ŭҶ磬ɭȻ˵
漶֣
ȻҶδܱ壬ɢĿϢȷʵʵɵ¶֮ɫ
漶ÿȼ֮ʵ༫Ҷ˺Իɱ漶֣漶֣ȴǶ֡

żӱһֳһɳ潣նҶ磬Ҫ˯Ҷնɱ
ԭʼ̥
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫ԭʼ̥ٻ˳ԭʼ̥ǰֳַħȫֵն޵н⡣
̣
ԭʼ̥ȫֵżʱҶٻ̣еƣ˹żӣҪ̵Ƶڵս
ţʲô
ڹż˲䣬Ĺż׵ֵסˡ
й֮Ҳżһƣ޷˺ֺ
ҶԾ֮ʣżնĽâԭʼ̥ն˳ȥˤǧԶ
ǰٳң
̹ʧܣҶħٻ˳һͬ˹żӣս
ʱҶħȫĵƣս˼£ټԭʼ̥ȴȻżѹסƣ
ǿżӵսĺǿ
ҶԽսԽľƾںħڵ֮ԭʼ̥֣ȴȻ޷˺żӷֺ
˾ԲǿԶԿģ
оżӵĿֲҶ⣬Ͻ˺۵ħԼԭʼ̥͵ǬУٵȶ˫ᣬ쫷磬ԼٶԶȥ
ܣ
żӿҶͻȻˣһǿĿռ֮˷ӿҶ磬ݻķٶȡ
˫ᣬԽ
µĿռ֮ϮҶ缤Ų˫ٴԽ糤߰Ŀռ֮ԶٷС
Ҷв˫Ụ壬ϮĿռ֮޷˺ֺķٶȴܵӰ죬ϱ׷Ĺż롣
ȥأ
оԼһʱѲ˹ż׷ɱ̫֮Ĺ쳣Ҷ粻ҴóͼѰſİ취
ط
Ҷһͼ˾ԶͼһûǼıעӿٶȷ˹ȥ
໣΢࣬ӵĺǣҲҪ˺㣡żӷײеҶ֮ľ룬ֳ潣ϵظն֯һĽâҶ塣
ۿҶڹżĹ£˫ͻȻ٣Ҷٶȣ˲Ϣ֮һ㣬ܿĽӰԶȥ
أҶӽ˵ͼע򣬲ݵȥʱҶ۾һɵۡ
֣ԶտҲûеͼעǸ
ѵͼעˣҶüͷһ壬еһ˿֡


1764 ؿռ
ԣͼעûֻǸطڱӡˣ
һδθӦ£ҶԼо˿ռڵϢɿճٻ˳ٴ򴩿ռڡ
ȻҶ粻ͼע⴦طڲʵ֪ΪΣŵͼϵıעһָоԼ뵽棬Ҳлѹżӵ׷ɱ
໣΢࣬ɣ
Ҷ籣ɿճɿռʱһײе
żֳ潣ϮµĽâˮкһ㣬˿ռ䣬һҪҶ롣
ԭʼֵ̥
żӵĹ̫£Ҷ粻Ӳϵٻԭʼ̥̽ȫֵЯ֮һ
䣡
żһԭʼ̥ǰϣ˲䱬͸̴ԭʼ̥Уһ˿ʧأӲϵغˡ
໣
һ֮󣬹żͻȻͣ˾춯صĳХµҰվ䣬Ҷ꺣С
Ҷ꺣أ˹żӷľХ
֮һ񣡡
żӳԾҶԼͷŵХӰʱҶϵĴ֮˷ħа˰ƣħ飬ŷħĹ
һ̳޹⡣
˲Ϣ֮䣬ռһƬֻʣһƳգŴ֮޵񽣣ҵĴ˹żӵؿڡ
һٶ̫죬쵽ùżûʱ㡣
Ҷʩչһ񣬴йżؿʱݻĴʥͼԼǧڽ˲䱬͸żף̽ϡ
໣
屻Ҷһ̴ȫŭ˹żӣϵطŭ𣬻Ӷ潣նҶ磬Ҫն顣
Ҷƶٶ̫죬˫һȣ쫷磬ֱ㵽һߣ㿪˹żӵĹ
ݣ
㿪Ҷ罫ٶޣʱҲʮлûһۻҵĲӰһ磬ҵعŹżӡ
ƣ
⵽ٶȾ˵Ҷ繥ž޴ѹĹżʩչ˴ɱУȫĵ⣬γɽ緢ֱӻ˷ԲĿռ䣬ֱӼ޹Ҷû档
⵽żʩչƹҶʩչռؽȫκιżʩչһֲ̫ռؽֵסҶֻܶǬС
ˣ
ҶǬ˲䣬żоǬĴڣֳ潣̳һһǬϣµĹǬҵĲķˡ
ǿżӵĹ̫ǿˣҿǬطƣֵסĹ
оǬƱżһѣҶ¶˳Ծ֮ɫǬж¥ȥѸ뿪Ǭ棬ٶʱ䡣
ԭʼ̥Ҳʱֳ̹ǣŹżӵĹ޷ȫҶ硣
ƣ
Ĺʼ޷Ҷ磬ŭĹżһʩչΧɱУҶ磬òٴζǬѰűӻ
ҶЯԭʼ̥ż֮ĹңȻҶ費˫ᣬϵ㿪żʩչĴɱУƻǲϵؼأһѪ˳˳
ɿճ£ͨؿռͨ
ȥɣ
Ҷ类żһնʱż̤գҶͷ˲Ϣ֮նʮֱסռ䣬صһնҶ磬Ҫһն顣
Ǭȫ
ѣҶһζǬУǬǿķŹżӵʮ
ǣ
ųʮǬвϵµ͸ƣǬڣϵ˺Ǭһռ䡣
Ƶ˶ǬĲռ䣬ǬһѲδӰ졣
ɿճ棬Ҫòܴ򴩿ռڣ
ǬأҶɿճ棬ʵ
ˣٸһʱ䣬Ҿܴռˣɿճ洫Ӧ
ã
Ҷһҧٴ뿪Ǭ޽ߵĵŲ˫ٶȺԭʼ̥ķײеĹżţʱ䡣
ʱһһȥҶԽԽأֵסż͹ʱɿճڶ˱ؽƷӡĿռڡ
ˣϣռɱżӵ
ռڴ򿪣ҶһԥĴԭʼ̥򶴴Ŀռڷȥ˲Ϣ֮ʧ
żӿҶռڣ׷ɱռڣоռ͸ϢʱĮ¶һ˿֮ɫԥһᣬշвʵת뿪ˡ


1765 
ǣʮľ֮׵ľ
ǿдԽռڣҶһŨĶռУռ룬һɴִïʢɢǿĹľ
ľʮľ֮׵ľľĴڡ
ľ֮£һɫۣȫڳУûһ˿Ϣ·ȥӡ
֪ΪΣҶԶԶؿľµʱиоŨŨΣϢ·ûȥʱܶԼ
ȴһᣬҶ緢ֹżûиԥֳַħͷŻľԭʼ̥ؿ
Ϣ
ӣҶ¶֮ɫݵľ¸оϢ
ǿԶԶ壬ԭʼ̥ɣܿԽĶǵ֮
ľҶܴ󣬲Ҷû
ʱעµϣҪ֪ǻ
֮Ѫľ˼û뵽ҵȴ£Ȼһ
Ҷ͸ʱͻȻһҶ꺣֮ǿҶ
㣬û
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬鲻Խ¶˾֮ɫ
㲻ҪţҪɱ㣬ˣӵҶ꺣
ǰ飿
ҶӣԺͻȻһͷ
û뵽㾹Ȼ֪ңԨԴͻȻ˽յ˫ĿֱҶ壬һС
ĸҲˣҶԺͷ˵
ĸ˭ʵ
ĸ׽죬ʥŮҶʵ˵
죬˵Ҷ޼Ķӣĸ˵
ǰ֪Ҹĸ
ȻʥŮͺͱԶ˵鲻ӦʶŶԡ
Ҵ̫֮Ĺɱͽʱ˷£Һ屻飡˵ͷСڵĺ֮ѪԼľ㸸ĸǿչ·еõİɡ
ǣȷʵҸĸǿչ·еõ͸ҵģҶ˵ͷ
Ҷ޼ܿذС벻õ̫֮ĹеԵ
ǰ֪̫֮ĹԵʲôҶʵ
һιѪԼԴ˵ܵõǵιѪڵĺ֮Ѫ⣬ܵõԴӦþܿӵУǿ
Ӧöӡˣ
ûҶüͷ΢΢һ
ҵܾˣûɱôδӦһֱˣ˵ͷ
ǰԸңҶʵ
鲻ʵ֪ѪԴĴڣҲ޷ߡ
ҿ԰㣬ҪӦ£˵
ǰ˵Ҷ
Ϊ屨崫Уٽ崫У˵
ҴӦǰ𣿡Ҷ練ʵ
һҿ϶ţҶ޼ĺӣľͺѪܽӵ£һۣ֮˵
ȻǰңҾʹӦǰ£Ҷ˵ͷն˵սʲôҶŬȥɡ
ãİɣ֮ҽľԼѹµһ漶͸㣡˵
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷԡ
úãͰиˣﶼˣ
˵ţƯһżС̺Ĺ飬Ȼ󣬵̺ȷҶƽġ
ǰѵȡ漶Ƶ漶飿
ҶżСĹ飬оŹ̺ĺɣԼͻҪӴĻۣŹ飬Ҳͻƾ硣
ͽƵ漶飬ȫ㹻ͻƾ磡˵ͷˣ˴㣬ɡ
ллǰ
Ҷ˵ͷƻľɴɵѪľٻԭʼ̥һޱ̺ǿ漶飬ȫǵ֮
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһǿϢҶ˳ֱ
ȫ漶Ҷ磬ڵĽɫȫˮɰͻ˾磬ﵽǵ֮
ԭʼ̥˴ﵽǵ۷壬Ҷԭʼ̥ͻƵ˶ǵ֮
ľɵľٴηɱ䣬̺Ļ֮ǿѾԽ̣ﵽ˼Ʒˮ׼
ԭʼ̥ľ˫˫ʵҶȻ漶Ĺ̡
ֹʱ䣬Ҷڽ漶̺ȫǿ漶֮һͻƵǵ֮


1766 ɱ
ǵ񡭡磬ĵ̱иǿ󣡡
ѹ漶飬Ƽǿһţ̺Ӵ񼶸ľܷʵķԾ
ǵ񾳽Ҷȫ󣬽磬Ҷĵ̺εȵǿ󣬳һ񼶸֡
ллǰҴԵ
оȫս˽ٱҶм˵
лңҰǰ壬ֻȫɳΪ屨𣡡ҡҡͷ߰Сȥ˯ĵطҲûʮİջɱԴȥҪ׼
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷû¶һ˿⡣
꣡
黺վӶһֱֱֱۣ˺صĿռ䣬Ҷ뿪ص̫֮ĹС
Сӣڳˣ
Ҷ³̫֮Ĺ˲䣬ɱĹżͻȻ֣ɱؿɭȻ˵
㣬㾹Ȼһֱػ
ͻȻֵĹżӣҶĸ⣬ԣ¹żӡ
Ȼˣȥɣ
żӱһȫĵⱬ뵽潣УһµĽâռѿ룬µĽضΪ֮䡣
꣡
ۿһնҶϣ̤һӶһֱۣ޾֮ҵĽâϣֱӽ飬ɢؼ䡣
㣬ʲôˣ
˦ֱ۾ƵԼ飬ż۾һɣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
㲻Ѿµҵ𣿡ĮȻ˵
㣬㾹Ȼûż񿴹һ㿴飬˵ˡ
㶼ûô鵭Ȼ˵ǵһ֮ԵҲɱ㣬ңȥ˯
㡭
ԪȽ֮ûʲô壬ҿ㱣֤󲻻˴˯˵
㣬ѵҪȥپż𾪵˵
ҵȵҪȵˣʱ֮ĶԹˣ˵ͷ
ңȥԸ
뵽겼¾վԼ뵽񣬹ż۾͸ŨŨĳ֮ɫ
ˣȥҲﲻʲôæֻ轫Ҽɣҡҡͷ
ãˣϣܳɹ
˵꣬żϺصף潣һ𣬽顣
ţһҶ磬Ťͷȥˡ
׸㣡齫ޱҶ磬Լ潣
ǰҪеۼ𣿡Ҷ翪ʵ
ţǱҪܵ׼ɱɱԺҪɱѣ˵ͷҶȥԵ֮ء

Ưһ޴ɽͷϿգֱһӣֱѿɽͷ
ţϢɽͷӿ˲佫ռȾ˺ɫ
˭ҳ˯
һŭɽͷ֮ǿռҵĲ
ʨң
Ȼ󣬵ȴ֮˲ѹɽͷеĿ
㣡
һ޴ĺɫʨɽͷڰлһǿ׳Ŀӡ
ʨң鿴ſӣݿܵ
Ҫȥ񣿡
ܣʮһִݻƽ˵ܳΪһߡ
ţ
˵ͷ
Ҫҵİ𣿡ʨſѪڵ
ã㲻͸ȥ˯ذɣûоܾʨ˵ͷ
ߣȥһط
˵Ҷ磬ʨһ˯澳ܵĵطȥ
˺ʨûκεİ֣ȴ汦
ټϹżӵ潣ʮ
ߣȥԴ
ʮҶˣ̫֮ĹһɫĺϿգݵԸоǿ
ǰѵ˯ĵط
Ҷ翴ŽƬɫĺɴ˫ʵ
ͳ˯ԴںȡĴ˵ͷ
ң󣡡
˵ţٻ˽ʮԼͨʥԴϿһĹ
齣
γɵ˲䣬һ޵еƯ壬ڽ˹С
ѽƷ
齣ֵ˲䣬ҶоϵĲһָоٻѽӦһеļƷ
ɱ𣡡
齣ԼµĹ󣬷ĳȡԴŹ
һʱ䣬ԴҵĲһԴγɣƷʡ
㻹Ҫװ𣿡
鱩һڽֱɱУɱγһĽӰ˲ӿԴУ˳˯ںµ


1767 
໣飬㾹Ȼ
µĽâ̽Դʱһŭں𣬿µҵĲ
һ̣гһž޴ͷͷ֮һСɽŷݣҧԴɱ
ߣҪŪˣȹã
ŷɳԴͷһɱйâСɽͷϣһ˿µͷ
ɱΪƾȹв𣿡
ԴײײеſµͷƳԴſѪڣ顣
ɱ󹥻£ٻһſͷ޷в飬ɱ󲻶ϵغˡ
ÿµĹܵʵ𣿡
ȻҶվԶܵսɵƻ£ѡ
һָоԼǵ񾳽ʵһֵס̼ܱ
磬һʱ㽫ľң̽ʨ
ɱȫʱԶԶظҶ紫
ã
Ҷ˵ͷٻ˳վԵĺʨ
СӣһύжԶԶȻᱻɱģʨӹ̣ͳľ
ţ
ҶҲȼս岻֣˵ͷ
䣡
֣ѣ޹⣬µĹƻΧһУռݡ
һĿĹâӳռ䣬̵ԶҶۣ޾ĵһ㣬ϵشѺ۵ĵһ󶴡
ɱɱ񹥻ʱͻȻʮڽ齣У齣ǿĹһɳ޵е񽣣ֱӴ͸ſͷҽԴС
໣飬㣡
⵽Ʒ齣һŭ
һ̣Դгһ޴Ӱһնɳ޵ϡ
䣡
նһɵ죬˷ԲĿռ䡣
磬ľң
ռһƬʱҶУߴٵ
ã
Ҷûκεԥٻ˻ľ顣
ʱҵԴըһ޴Уһͨɫһйâ̻Ź·ʯ׻ƯС
ڳˣ
ɫʯףҶͻȻоϵѹ֣·һɽѹԼ꺣У
ˣСԶ㣡
ʨؾһűͷЯ̷Լһʨ˹ȥ׼Ը
飬湻ִŵģ֪ɱңҪһδγԣ֮һײеںɫŹ
𣿡һȼƷĻľѹ˺ɫŹϡ
ľôлľоľ̺Ļ֮񷢳˾ʲô˻ľ
ľӡŹף
ûľע˴ϣƻľϵرʮɫ룬һ㣬ɫŹذΧӡˡ
໣õľΪɱң
ɫŹ⵽ľѹĳһ˿ңĴƼƷ͸ɫŹ͵ĹҪľ顣
ľľøӵĿ£ȫסĸչѹźɫŹף
ʨǺ俪Źһǣɱ񣡡
ʱɱ͵ĹŹףʨһ޴ʨԼһЭµĹӲѿ˹Ź׵һǡ
Źѿһǣһ޴ɳ˹Źף£ϵرն顣
ʨȫŹףס⴫
ã
Уʨû飬ϧ۵뾫Ѫʨ񻯳һֻ䲻ʨ˾Х˹ŹС
£ٵתͷųһµ֮ʨһ𹥻ŹŹе
ʨʵȻԶԶ񣬵⵽ľѹָźɫŹ׹Ժʨ˺ޡ
ʨ̵Ĺȴ˼ƻϵ塣
飬ұɱ㣡
⵽ʨ̹ȫŭֱ˼ӲĺɫŹף¶ںڹУʵòı塣
ɫŹ˲䣬ľɫֱӲסѹı塣
ʱɱѹס˼Ʒ޷ٻ
ڵˣ
ɹѹ齫ɱ뵽֧ԴײȻɱ齣˱ľǿѹҪѹĻᣬɱ


1768 һ
ն
鱩һֳ齣һնµĽâѿĿռѺۣ޵еĽն˱ľ˿˿Ƶϡ
齣ǼƷ£նһն£ֻľɫ飬ںڹеһ˿ڣʳ˰ɫѪҺ

屻齣ˣӵķХһ޾ĺڹӿ壬һһ趯ĳߣͺʨŹ
ն
ǵϮն˵ڶһЯɱ޵֮⣬죬ңһϮһնϡ
ʱʨϧ۵ȼ壬ʨ̵ǿϵع񣬽һơ
໣Ƕ
Ƶ⵽ǿй
һΣĹĿʵԽĺʨҪȽʨɱԸ顣
񷢶ʨûϵ뾫Ѫſռ䣬ͷųǿȫɽϮ糱
񹥻ʨʱ˲һͻȻ뵽һĹ켣Уһ̴ؿռ䣬ؿϣ齣͸ǿ˲뵽Уֱӽؿˡ
໣
ؿڱ齣飬һһߵǿй
һй˲䣬ľɫͻȻƽ֧Уڵʵ
飬ȥɣ
վŭȴ¶һ˿Цݡ
ţбһɿµĻ֮
ã
ɫһ䣬ԥȥȥ˲䣬Ա֧壬һɾ֮еĻľ˼顣
ȻĺܼʱԱֲ̫ǱѪڵ˸˸ļ
ʨǱɻǧԶǿ׳˵Ѫۡ
⣬ˣ
ԶҶ磬ſռ䱻Աըһ󶴣ɴ˫ۣôˡ
ԣ⣡
ҶĿɨӵʱ԰׵¶֮ɫʱɡ
ͻȻһײе
飬˵ˣɱҵģ
ûող壡
Ҷɫһû뵽»ɱ֮˾Ȼı塣
ҵСֶˣû뵽㾹Ȼһ⻯ƭңͳ˵
飬ҵֶ˱ɽһǣ˵֮ĶԹվ˶ϰɡ
˵ţ֧Դֳָһǿĺɫʯףǰ
к֣Ҿû𣿡˵ûҿεֵҵĹ
˵ţֳһɫĹΣڹиһſȭͷС
ħ࣬㾹Ȼͨ
ֵһſײе͸һ˿֮ɫȻû뵽ͨͨĿ¡
񣬲Ҫͷ¶βˣٳһսɣ
ԵƥĴһڰУµƵʯ׺һȭµȭâֱӺʯף¶ɫۣƤɱ񣬿񣬶ͷӡŹŹ׭ĵ
ħҲûãȻɱң
ٻʮɵɱѹ޷ٻ
ûлľҲ޷ɱ㣬ڣڽӣ
˵ţ̤һ˲һǰֳ齣͵Ĺ
˲䣬һſͬʱ۾һɺ嫵ĵ֮ӿѹһأĹ
ȫʱ޾ĺʨЯҲ˹
ͺʨĹ񲢲η壬һɱٵͣʵҲǽڽ֮䣬죬ӲԻص֮
˼ɱʱľصľľٴη˹ҡҷɫڣͷŵĻй⣬
һսء
һս޹⡣
Уڸˣʹ˻ƴع뽫Էɱ
ʨʵǿȴֵסȻ𹥻ǿ׳岻ϵ顣
񣬽һɣ
ۿʨֵסص飬ʥˣ壬ȫ뵽֮ʨУ񷢶һ
ǣ
ں˺ʨȫʨҲʼѣ޵е
䣡
ʨײ˲䱬ըˣµ֮ƻ壬ȫ
ħ࣬ƣ
⵽ʨԱǿһʱħγǿĽ֮һأһſ췱ǣȫı塣
ţһӣǿĵڽУͷ̴֮뵽У
ںʨԼ̵ĺ£⵽ش


1769 ðյľٶ
ľ壡
鲻ϧľѪŻľǿ޼᲻ݵɫ룬֧Уڵ
໣飡
屻ɫ룬ŭ𣬿ڵٵγһ޴У̵˲䣬ĥɫ롣
磬ѪԴӦþԴ棬ٳᣬߣ
ʹȫʱ㵽ԶҶ紫
ã
Ҷһٵȶ˫ᣬԼٶȷصԴײѰ
΢࣬ҵĶȾָģ
оҶɽԴŭˣĻɱ
Լľ£޷ɱҶ磬ֻܽǻŭйϡ
ϣǰЦ󣬲Ȼõ˹ѪԴҲ޷ǻŴ
߲ϵıҶ粻ţЦ
ҶɵԴײԼٵѰŹѪԴ
ƣ
ݵ쵽Դײʱо˽ƵһԽ˺ף˺Ľơ
ɿճ棬ƽ
۷漶֣µĽҶ޷ƿѣҶ罫ɿճٻ˳ɽơ
ɿճ治ϵؽɳɽƵϵ£µĽƳһȱڡ
ȱа˶ʱҶһɿճ뵽档
Ѫ
뵽棬Ҷ翴ռƯһΰɫָֻ״СѪΣѪ͸ѪϢѪӦþУں֮ѪĹѪ
ѪӦñ˴룬ֻʣˣ
ָ״СĹѪҶһǬͷųǿŽιѪߡ
ΣǬ޷ιѪ̵ιѪǿ
֮ѪѹƹѪ
ǬʧܣҶ˹Ѫԣҧָ˴ĺ֮Ѫڽ˹ѪУú֮ѪշιѪ
Ȼ֮Ѫã
Ҷһ֮ѪڽѪʱԹѪѹƣιѪȻ˴룬̺Ѫ֮ȻǿҪĺ֮Ѫսշ
ΪշѪҶȥˣϵرƳĺ֮ѪڽѪУһԹѪѹơ
ʱдļӵԵʵճؽƣ˻ľĿƣ鷢ķˡ
ˣ
Ҷ粻ϧ۵ıƳһ֮Ѫ󣬸оιѪڷһιѪսǬУٷһżƷͨʥָʧĺ֮Ѫ
򵥻ָһ£ҶԼݣѰԴ
֣ôûԴѵԴУ
ҶԸƿռ䣬ûзԴĴڣ²ԴӦñˣò
ףʲô
ѰҶڽƿռУַһƣȫƿʱʮģ̺ǿ֮ӡ
ѵ֮ԴƵ飡
Ҷüͷһƣ¶֮ϲʮ֮ԴսǬУѸ뿪Դס
ɳԴʱǰһĻˡ
֮ɱòݣΪ˻ɱԷƴȫԷѪģ
˫ȱֳ齣նҲ񷢶Ļ𹥻飬¶˲
С뿪
ŷɳԴҶ磬صߴٵ
ǰҰԸ
ҶԺиֳһ󵨵ļƻûж뿪ðյĿ

Ҷ絨ҿ
֮
񷢶һϮҶѸٻ̣֮ǿĹ˺һ
ʲôʵôܷȹ
һֵ¶˾֮ɫ
ʱץסĵĻᣬ齣ںһ𣬻һնһе񽣣޵µնԴ
꣡
ԴԼӱһ
Դ޸
Դӵ˲֮ǿԴٵű齣նԴ塣
ûᣡ
Դϵ˲䣬Ҷ粻ηĿ屻ͷŵ˲䣬óɻԣϵԴ
ͨ
ţҶʩչͨٵ޸壬ȶŲ˫ᣬԼٶ˳ǧԶ


1770 һ˫
ʲô
оɻԴԼ֧ԴʱԺ룬ᵽΣϢ˷ŭȫɻԡ
̫һķºѪƵıķ룬ɻͬ¡
ټأոһشĻ꺣꣬޷ɻԡ
ɻȫ͸Ļ꺣У񷢳˾˫ͷʹ
磬ոڽ꺣ʲô
ʹ෭תص鴫
һλǰ͸ҵĶӦÿԿĴʶҶ紫Ӧ
ʶ۾һɣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
漶۷֣ԴľȫδܽնɱҶóһȴʴ꺣УпܽƣԾҶ米λǰʵ
磬Ǳǰѵ񣡡
Ժһ󵨵ͷʵ
ţλǰܣҶ˵ͷ
񣡡
ȻǿĿһУ澳۷֮Ĳ࣬˵ҪɱֻҪһָ
ãҾͶһģȲɱˣ
ԺͷȻڲɱԺɱ죬ܿ񽫳ΪҶұۣؽļʽ
˼֮齫ѹɱٻ˻ɱѹ
¡¡
ɱѹ£֮Уһǿķӡӡס
ʧȥɱѹɳصԴɵ˰Уſµ֮ն顣
䣡
һսأӲһӱնԶ
鱻նɣʹȫɻʱħͻȻƳҶ塣
һ̣ڷħе˳ٶȼû뵽Ļ꺣УҪô˻ȡ
ħ飡
Ҷû뵽ȱʣħ龹ȻҪô˻
Ȼħæ֪ħĴģһ£ԻвԼ
ɻԣ
Ҷһģһɻ˳˱ɱѹ
ѪֱԴɻ˳߿Ļ꺣С
һӣĻ꺣ûɻԣħ飬꺣мҵĶԳ⣬
һ꺣йȥ
վûϧ۵ȼ꣬ϵعɻԺħ飬Ҫɱ¶Ȩ
ħ黹ɻԶǿޱȣټɱѹħķԽԽ
һҪħҲ˴鷳ɻʴ£ħͬʴ⡣
ľԴ
ʱҶƻľ׹ɫ룬ħԴУǿнԴħ·
Ҷ磬ҪʲôСӣҳȥ
·ľħеΣУ꺣д
ħ飬㲻ҪǰĴʶҶЦЦӦ
Ҷ磬Сˣ㲻к³ģ
ʱħѾ˹꣬ƴҪ˺꺣ӳȥ
ľһδɱ䣬ȼƷӡ꺣ħƴȫ޷ӳȥ
ʱ齣ս
Ȼһսأе齣ϾǼƷ£齣ϵѹĹƣѹˡ
磬Ҫæ𣿡
űɱѹʹѹأҶߣʵ
ãӦÿԿ񣡡
оɻȫƿϵʴħ飬Ҷ簵һҡҡͷ
Ҷ磬ŹңϷŹңԸ⳼㣬Ըܶܶܣ
ʱƣһɻʴ˴ħ飬оԼʶԽԽģħ麦ˣòġ
ô鷳ɻʴ㣬ȻȻң
Ҷ粻ΪվһԾصȴš
ʱҲԽԽµɻҲʴ꣬ϵزʳʶ
ǰвԱİ취𣿡
ҶʵԽߵĴԽ°ʱԱ壬ʵ
ң
˵ͷɱ壬ʮƽУǿзӡʮѨϣסڵ
ҷӡ
ʮӡ˲䣬вʵǿԴʩչֶΣǿзӡסԼ꣬ɻԺħ顣
ɻԱӡˣ
Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽ֶΣȻʧȥҵ˲䣬ӡ˻꺣еһС
۷漶ܣֶιȻ죬Ϊӡһ𣿡
ȻɻԱӡţһ죬ɻȫʴ꣬ʱƿ֡


1771 ɱ¾
ǰʲô㣿
ҷӡ꺣ʧȥʶʱҶǬٻһŹףӡ˹ŹУŤͷѯ˸˵֮֮𲻶Ϩ顣
ҵʱղˣҪصأ
һһ޸Ƶһ˵
а취ǰˣָǰǰԸȥ𣿡
ʵҶĿãΪݻ˵ָ
ĺˣҵҺҩҽҡҡͷ
ǰ㿴ҽ𣿡Ҷһóһ֮Դ
⣬ǡ
о֮Դ̺ĺ֮۾һ¶֮ɫ
ӦԴ֮Դ飬Ӧÿǰˣָ˵֮Ҷ
û뵽񲻵Դ֮Դ飡鲢Ҷе֮Դ飬¶˼֮ɫ磬֮Դмţ
ʮţ㹻ǰˣҶ
ãţƣΪ㱣ݻһסĵļ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷԥ֮Դ͸顣
һ֮Դ飬огһǿ֮һ޸Լ˵֮Լþ޷ϵˡ
ǰ֪̫֮ĹлʲôԵ뽫ǶߣҶ翴Ų԰͸˿˿Ѫɫ飬ʵ
ãȡ̫֮ĹеĻԵ
֮Դѹס岻صˣҶǰ̫֮ĹԵ֮أ̫֮ĹеĻԵ
ʱ뿪ˣ
õ̫֮ĹԵҶ̫֮Ĺȥ
ǰħӦ÷̫֮ĹΧռ䣬һỹǰְҽǣ
ȻҶʵȣﵽǵ֮澳֮ʵ̫󣬶ħлһħ棬вò顣
û⣡
Ȼأձټ̷һ֮Դ飬û˺֮ǣԥӦ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷ뿪̫֮Ĺ档
ǷԾȶ̫֮ĹΧռʱоħ岼µ޵
ߣħ廹뷭첻ɣ
鵱ĸ֮һʵεȵĿ£ûнħ岼µ޵
ƣ
ֻһնһٰĽâݹأ޵еĽ⣬һħ澳֣ķʱ䲼µ޵
ʲô
о̫֮Ĺռ⴫ľ޴죬һֱսĵȴħ澳ֵһʱ˹
㣬ڳˣ
ħɽҶʱоʵﵽǵ֮۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫɱڵ˵
湻ĵأȴô꣡Ҷ翴ħ澳֣ЦЦ˵Ȼ֮ĶԹһ˶ϰɡ
ƾ㣡
ȻҶٶ֮쳬ħɽ󣬵ȻûнҶ
ʵ̫࣬ټ鿴ƼأħɽҲδ
߹
ڵ˫бɹâһɳħɽϢ֮˳Ϣ֮ǿħɽħͬʱеϢ·ǵѹһɽ
Ϣ澳۷ܣ
оɢϢʵǿħɫޱ䣬û뵽һ澳۷ܸҶ뿪Ǭ
ʵǿħ֣澳ÿһ֮ʵܴ󣬿˵澳۷ҪɱǣѴ֮
ʱħɽѾûʱȥ룬Ҷһ澳۷ܵڣڿǵ
꣡
¶֣֮ʣ̤һһ̤ռݺύѺۣһƥнâзѳһǰƣնħɽˡ

Ľâħɽ˸Ӳӣԥһ㡣
˲䣬ͫͬʱΣյ״
ǿһɣռѺһĽâһĿĹâն
һǵķΧ̫죬ֿ쵽ħɽ޷㣬ֻܲϵطһķȫ
Ϊħ峤ϣħɽյķħɽħյķƣﵽˮ׼
һƺն޵нâʱȴ鲣һˡ
ۣ
֮䣬ħϵ屻һնˣڰлѪ
ħɽȻǿʵӹһ٣һֲ̫شǣն˳ȥ
Ѫݣ
ԲеĶ֣˵ħɽ˿־ˣԥȼȫѪʩչѪԶȥ
ӣ
ͫһָնն˼ܵħɽˡ

һĲҽһħܱնɱˡ
ħɽħȴǿıƣյĵֵסĸչߡ


1772 Ǭ
ݻԵҵŵģ͸㣡
ҶһһöǬָ͸
öǬָװŴͨʥʥٵͨʥʥԼԴõõ㹻˵ؽͻƵһǵ֮
лҶӣ
ͱҶʵֶ۷˫ֽӹҶǬָм˵
ս̫ңҾǻǼ칬˻ʵѰһ±ӻȷ粨ȥؽ˵ˣʵ̫ԱҶ罨
ãҶӵģȥ칬£վ
ˣλǾֿɣԵټˣ
ǱˣҶ뿪̫֮Ĺ⣬Ѫõ֪ǴŴȥҪͨŴǰĺ硣
ͻƵǵ񾳽磬Ҷٶȱø죬ٵȶ˫ᣬ쫷磬ԳԽʮ౶ٵٶȣڰսзС
ԼʮٶȾ˵ҶԽ˼һǺУѪô£ҵ˷ӡϹŴĽƣǿƵ˽ƣ뵽棬˽£͸Ųɣ֮еϹŴ
ϹŴڵʱ̫ԶĴʯأѾ޷ˡ
ҶĴʯޣ֮£Ҷֻȥ½һʯ޸ϹŴ󣬴ͽ硣
طȿջȥһʯ
ǺʮգУҶоʺûż뿪ǽ뵽ǬУһԼ̫֮Ĺеջ
ţ̫֮Ĺջĳҵ󣡡
ƷƷɽս£Ʒħսף쾪ʮ֮Դ飬ƷȼϹ죬ȼ飬漶裬Ʒ浤лɱħõļƷͨʥ
ǰջҶ粻ɵ¶˼֮ɫ
ջ񣬾綼Ȼ󲨣Ҫ˵Ҷ绹õһνں֮ѪĹѪ
ȻιѪ˴룬̺ȻǿҶоԼξѪһ׳֮ѪͻƵǵ֮
Ҷ粢ûżιѪ׼ʵǵѪѪ֮һٳƾƿͻƵ֮
֪ڵʵܷǬռ䣡
Ҷ罫ս͸Ƶħս쾪͸㣬ѪƷɽȱƿǬơ
ƣ
Ҷһȼǿĺ֮ѪӲʵǵͷǿĽɫע뵽ǬУǿ˺Ǭơ
꣡
ҶԴԴͷŽɫ˺£ǬƲϵѣʧ
ڴǬˣ
Ǭ˲䣬Ҷ¶˵Цݣһ뵽Ǭ㣬Ҫеʲô
Ũ
뵽Ǭ㣬ҶоǬʮ־ʱ٣ﵽ˾˵ʮ
Ҳ˵ʮ죬Žȥһ죬Ҷ˵Ҫ
ţһˣ
ҶһӦǬռʱûκεĻԵȴһˡ
ôأ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬¶֮ɫһɫۣϥڵϣźƬһòΪӢǰ
оҶϢͻȻ˽յ˫ʵʵ˫бֱҶ磬·Ҫ
ࣿüͷ΢΢һû뵽ﾹȻ䵽С֮ϡ
ˣ
ӴҶʱҶҲڰϵԼɢϢҶ³ݡ
ˣӵ˵ͷʽô뿪ɣǷһ飬պΪһ¡
һ£Ҷ΢΢һЦǲ̫һЩ
ҪʲôӱǬ£ʮеҪɡ
ܼ򵥣ǧ֮꣬һɣ
ԸӦ£Ҷо棬ˣҷӡ£ӸҶǰҲúˡ
ܣҲܳСǧ꣡붼û룬һھܾ
һأ
ҶͻȻ뵽̫֮Ĺеõ飬׼ô˱
ʲôҲУն˵
ȲҪžܾȿ׼ı˵
˵ţҶ罫ǿŵȼ꣬δоʵٻУŵǰ
Ҷеʱ°¶֮ɫ˴סˡ


1773 
⣬ѵǴ˵е飡
ôд˱ģ
Ҷе飬ӵɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ر֮һһλ۷Ƶı飬ǧǰȴʧˡ
û뵽ѰµرȴҶС
ôǧ꣬ҽ͸㣡Ҷ翴Ŀɿڴ۾͸֮ɫӣѭѭյ˵
Ȼ󣬵Ҷ粢ˣ˱˵ôޣԶշҪ
ã飬һҸǧ꣬㰲ȫϣǧгŵɡ
ģԳУҶĵ˵ˣİɣ֮ˡ
ţ
ӵ˵ͷԡ
ã㣡ԺҶ罫͸
ӵõĴģĻ죬֣նɱ
ڣʲôΪʲôǬռ䣿
ҽ죬۷徳磬ǧǰһһλܣΪԼޡ콫Լ˳
ô˵ǬܵıҶüͷ΢΢һ
ţǬرסҲþͳˣһֱѺû뵽ر䵽ϣ˵ͷ
죬֪Ǭмռ䣿Ҷʵ
ǬӦռ䣬һֱѹڵ㣬Ҳûȥ㣡˵
ҪǬ㣬Ҫ澳ʵҶ죬裬ԼһżƷͨʥ㣬ϣͻƵ澳硣
裬Ʒͨʥ
Ҷ͸͵ҩɴ˫ۣ¶֮ɫ
壬Ĵ峤Ҷȴԥ͸֮࣬Ĵж
һᾡͻƵģ
˵ͷһƿɫ̵˶У׼Ǳޡ
ǰǰСӡҶǬ㣡
Ҷһ˴͵Ǭ㣬͸ǲͨʥʮʱٵǬߵľ硣
Ϣ۷澳ܣ
ȻƼأӰʵܵɢϢĲˣʵԾҶ羹ȸֱӻ
û뵽ռ䱦ȼôߣʮʱٿռ䣬Ҳ㣬Ϸˣ齫һ˶Уʱоȫ泩
ǰͷˣ֮Դ鲻һУҶ󷽵˵
ã
˵ͷҵһŨ֮أ֮Դ飬ˡ
͸ħƵ˴ͨʥҶҲ׼Ǳһʱ䣬裬һǿȣƽ˾֮ҵطһʯ

ҶһС裬оз·һϵǿ֮ȫſ͵ľ
̫ǿ󣬱޷˺ֺ
ת䣬
Ҷһٵתת䣬̺ǿ֮裬壬ؾ
ת䣬ԽѶԽҪԽࡣ
㹻죬Ҷȫ£ϵ
ʱ󣬺ܿ죬ȥ꣬Ǭռȥ˾ʮꡣ
ƶǺθӣźܶ಻Ϊ֪ΣգǻǲҪˣ鷳
һɫۣ˫ް߰׵ߣһһϮ£ȸ˫ȻԲ޳ȫһ㵭ɫеŮ󣬻ܣ˵
үү㱣ǺеΣջв뼸ٺһָоǰдԵҲܴòŮһЦִŵ˵
ǺðɣǾٺûеõԵǶ뿪̾ϢһٻһµƵĹ죬˲ȹŮ󣬱Ǻ롣
໣
ͻȻһײеǺǿűĺˮҵط
һ̣һֻ峤ʮףȫŰɫ·絶һ㣬һڷĺˣٶȼĳ˻߶ˡ
ϼޣֻϼޣ
ʵǿҲﵽһǵ֮ԶǺĶ֡
ȹŮʵֻǵ֮Ǻа޺裬Σա
ƶߣֵ蹥һǺϣֳֹ죬ҡɱƣֵ蹥Ļ߽Ĵߴٵ
Ƕүү
ûʲôˣ㲻ߣ˭߲ˣ
ʵڻ֮ϣټںУսǿ͵Ĺߴٵ
ۣ
ڻߴߴ٣ʱһƺ磬ݺݵײ˻ߣµĹֱ˺˹Ĺ߶˳ȥѪȾ󺣡
үү
ŻΣգȹŮһҧ˶ܣȫҪӪȡ
ʱĴ۾ͻȻԽԽ𾪵ؿһӰײеĺ֮һץס˺βֱ֮ͣӽϼ޺˺룬Ѫ統


1774 ǳ

ĿúһĻȹŮӵĺɵùһ£߸ǱǰһĻˡ
ϼޣǺоǶǵ¶նɱ
֮ˣֻƾ˫־˺˺裬ʵǵ
лǰ֮Ƴû
һסĵ𾪣˵
ƳӶ˿ͽ˺֮ʱϵ֮ɫŨˡ
Ϊǿ̫֮ˣʱԳһǧꡣ
ʱ䲻һǧ꣬ȴӵͽ˺ϼ޺ʵǲǰ֮˵츳ǺεȵĿ¡
˲ǱˣǬǱ˾ʮҶ硣
ʮʱҶ裬ض죬ﵽ˾˵ǧڽ
ҾǣһҪǣǺ½Ҷ翴ŽٺĻ߶ˣʵ
Ǻ½ǣǾǳǣ粻ǰȥƼͣ
ȻҶ翴Ͳ󣬵ʵ˻ߣ
ãֻҪǵǱҼɣҶֻ·Ƽκεǣҡҡͷ
Ǻðɣ
߶¶ʧ֮ɫǹԹԵؽǵǱҶ硣
ã
Ҷ˵ͷٵȶ˫ᣬ쫷磬˲ưʧڻ߶ǰ
ǿүү˵ʲô֣
ϻŴ̶ȹŮƯĴ۾Ǿ֮ɫʵ
Ҿпǻ񼶸֣ߵ
ôȹŮӳԾ˵
ˣǺ̫ΣˣҲ뿪ɣ
˵꣬ߴžδĲȹŮӣѸ뿪ˡ
ǳǣҲĳǳأռǽһ½ǲǿϲפĳǳء
ϣǳ㹻Ĵʯ
̫ңԶҪͨϹŴ磬ҪӴĴʯҶɱ̫ĴܣǬмƷ쾧ʥѻɽ㹻ӻ
ֵ߽ǳǣҶûеʱ䣬ǰǳǹģı¥
ƣû뵽ⱦ¥ʵƣ
о¥ϴǿƣҶ΢΢һЦûκεֱͣӴƣ߽װ޵Ľ̻Ի͵ı¥
ӭӹ¥֪ҪЩʲô
Ҷո߽Щı¥һɫۣȵŮӣҡҷԸе֫˹ʵʵ
ʯ
Ҷɨһ˲¥ĿתƵŮϣ˵
ʯ
ŮüͷԾһ¡
û뵽ҶֵߵĴʯ΢΢Щʧ΢ı仯
֪Ҫ٣ŮӲ䲻ȵʵ
ж٣
Ҷ粶׽Ůӵı仯⣬˵
˻
Ů۾һɣĵ¶֮ɫ
ȻһŴʯֵߣĶܴ࣬еõĻر

оҶ粻ŮĵֳָЦݣ˺ãΪһƮ衣
ӣ¥ӦǰŴʯӶ£ҿԸӴֻۣҪһƷ쾧ɣŮö˵
ֻаţҶüͷ΢΢һ壬¶˲֮ɫ
ôŴʯ𣿡Ů¶˲֮ɫ
Ҫ֪Ŵʯ´ʹ󣬿ɴʮ
ԶԶҶҡҡͷɣŴʯ£Ȼɷæͨ¥Ҷһ´ʯ
⡭Ůԥһ¡
Ը˫۸չҶƴֵ
˫۸񣡡Ů۾һãȻôҪʯ¥취﹫Ӷһ
лҶ΢΢һЦһöǬָݸŮӵǬָһʮƷ쾧Ĳ־͵ɡ
ãȥȡʯ
Ůϲ⣬ΪҶȡ˰ഫʯΪźס
ȥŮҶ緿У˵ӣǵŬָӶһʮŴʯ
ˣҶƴֵ֧ϰƷ쾧ɷҶһЩʯ˵ԶԶ
⡭
ŮӼҶĴֱʣȷʵ¥еĹϵŶһʮŴʯһѶȼ
ɣʥһʯһŴʯһһżƷʥΣҶ˵
ԸüƷʥһʯ
ƷʥǼΪҶԸóƷʥһʯԻвԸó˽ؽжһһŴʯһһżƷʥ¥ܺ׬һʡ
ţҶ˵ͷ
ãȥԣŮ϶Ц˵ҶԽͣ·Ҫڻ
л
Ҷ΢΢һЦһƷʥȼĻ͸Ůӡ
ӣҹҹ費Ҫ㣡
ʶҶĴֱʣԳòŮĲһ˿룬ҪɫҶ磬øĻر
ãֻΪҶһʯٲĺô
ŮȻĶˣƵȣòʶ̫ԶҶҡҡͷίľܾ޵ĺ⣬뿪ˡ


1775 ҵûô
峿Ửڵķг˿˿еҶ硣
ǵȻôͻƣ
ҶһޱļƷͨʥȴľЩͣͣµԼǰӦ÷̫鵤ҩ˿ҩԣҪĿҩԣֻвϵͨսһĥµ
Ҷ׼ǬħսʱǿоŮһԼ⣬ǰĻһɵ۷徳Ϣ
Ҷӣ𣿡
Ůţʵ
˰ɣ
Ҷ
ҶӣλǰҵİС㣡ŮܵСѶ֪ҪüƷʥһʯ£ס
С㣬֪ҪһżƷʥ
Ҷ罫ĿתƵŮԣһϮѩɫȹȹİ͹£һ˫ѩ׵ȱ¶ڿУͿױɢŵŮӵ
ȻļŮӻҪ֣ü͸һ˿ȴЩ
֪ҶжټƷʥ
ϸָŴǰںڳ䲻ȵ˵
óٴʯҾܶһټƷʥҶ΢΢һЦƴֵ˵
Ӻǣǲ֪ܷҼ¹еļƷʥ۾һҶ΢ı仯ʵ
ԣ
ҶһȡһżƷʥָһһŨҩ㣬˰㡣
ƷʥеļƷ
ϸһҶ絯ļƷʥƯĴ۾бȵĹâ
ãҰˣڵһ£Ұ׼һһٿżƷʥ֪𣿡
һٿţҶ΢΢̵һŴʯ
УֻʮţʣµĹӣ˵ͷ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ãŮӵϣҶ붼ûʹӦˣһǬָ˰оʮſżƷʥϵģһٿš
лӣ
Ҳû뵽Ҷ˵ʹ죬ԼʮŴʯҶ硣
֪ʣµĴʯҪãҶһ´ʯսǬУ˵
һʱԣ
ãһºȥȡʣµĴʯҶ˵ͷ
Ҿڰ幧ҶӴݣԸõһٿżƷʥûоôת뿪ˡ
뿪ʱҶ۽ǲ׽һ˿⡣
Ҷӣ㡭
ȥİ㣬ŮЩˣ벻ͨҶΪ˵Ű㣬Ű塣
ǲǾƭң
ֹŮӣҶ΢΢һЦ
Ҷӣ֪԰˽٣Ůĵ̾Ϣһ
һ˵Ҷʵ˵
⡭ŮӸӵˣҶӣƳǵһдϵǳҪˣӿ¡
ûϵҵûôҶҡҡͷԵ˵

ҶףŮʵ벻ͨս̫ӴˣŮҲҶԣ̾Ϣһת뿪ˡ
壡Ů뿪Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݣҪţ;˰ɡ
˵꣬ڷвƣһ뵽ǬУҵħ

㣬̸ô
뿪ջʱһۣһǵ񾳽ʵ
壬һǵһμɵϣ뵽ԼɴҶƭһٿżƷʥʱ˳ɾ͸УЦ˵
ô˵Щʵ
ʮʯƭһٿżƷʥ򵥵Ľ龭˳
һٿš
֪ƷʥļֵһٿżƷʥ㹻岻ٸͻƾ硣
֪ôɵӦöƭһЩЩ֪˵
㣬ʵΣıĵ߳˼һʵ
İ壬˾һëͷСӣʲôˣҰҪˣҶ޻ء
㣬»СĵΪãһóһٿżƷʥ˾Ʋ磡߽˵
壬ѵˣ˵˹ЩҰֻͣҪǶයգСͷҲûã˵
⵹һð취
۾һһǾ̽һҶ磬̽̽ʵ͵ϸ


1776 
Ҷӣ¥ڴ磬Ҫʶӣ֪ʱ𣿡
˵ҶϥڷУĬĬħսʱŮٴķ䣬ĿЩӵؿһҶ磬˵
ãһȥӣ
Ҷ翴һҧ촽ֹŮӣ¶˵Цݵ
ҶӣԼСģ
Ҷף뵽ԼĲƸŮСֹһ䣬ת뿪ˡ
ңˣ
Ҷ˲䶴ϤȥµҹӦǺ磬ĻָʹӦǰң£Ĳ֪⽫ǳǳ
ʱ֣Ҷһ뿪˿ջӭʮֹĽҶ뵽һݻϣλڶǣһľԣĴӡ
ӣôƯĵطϾҪ˼δеϧˣ
Ҷ紩һС·ɫĴȥʱĸ֪иоƵϢһɽܽȫ˺֪淢ʲô
Ҷӣڰˣ룡
Ҷ绺߽Ʈɢŵ̴Ĵʱȣؿ¶ŴƬѩףͦεŮӣߣվһ˫΢΢ЩףһȦɫӡ
ӣ¥ǵ۷֮
Ҷ翴һĿ˸Ůӣ΢΢һЦ˴ݻİС
¥֪ҹΪ£ҶһŮΪ裬۾йâһʵ
С˵һλˣҪʶһ£̬ŵļͣ˵ҶΪ¥ôһʲƸȻҪлӵĿ
СŵƣҹҪҶӲ飡
ǣ¥
ŮĿ£ҶΪһɢŴơ
Ҷӣ̸ֻ£Ⱦƣ˫־ٱ²˵
ƹѲɢŵҶӣ֪ˣƳ𣿡
ֻһɢޣżȻ·ƳǣһһЩʯԱʱ֮裡ҶƷζƣ䲻ȵ˵
֪ҪôഫʯΪ£
Ҷֻɢޣϲɵøֳһ˿Цݣʵ
¥Ļǲ̫ˣҶƳһۣ
ǣСţһչ˺ҶӣҶӲ⣬ʣ΢΢һЦҲϸڶΣĶ˵Ůӵ
ǣŮӵ˵ͷӼѹҶϣ˵ҶӣҾ㡣
ҶӣŶΣϲŶӻȥźӾޣҶ˲پƣ¶ѰζЦݵ
һȥ
Ҷ粢ϲŮӵľὫƵһߣؿ
Ҷӣ⻰ôЩһ¶˹ŹֵЦݵ
¥˵ʵݼĲôҶʧȥĵˣҪʱˣΧ˳ɣҿҶЩʲôԸҡ
ҵСˣ
ȻıҶ翴ȴû¶֮ɫԼµ޵ҶͷҲһ
ֻ˵ֶеҶһָŮ㣬ĶͷϣֱӽĵزΣսǬС
꣡
ʱܵǽˣףɢ֮ɫӣֳͨʥ֣ŵԺȾƵҶŰΧм䡣
СӣҲòĵͷȾƣ֪ж˺¶֮ɫɭȻ˵
ҲжҶ¶һ˿мЦݵˣҪʱˣһϰɣǣûȥ˯

һĿ࣬ȫźëŭĿԲŭһֳһƴشڽﵽƷͨʥȼսնҶ硣
һնռ䱻µĵâն룬µĵһУµϢϢ
һǵҲң
һն䣬ҶѸָƶնĵâ׼ȷļסնƷͨʥϡ
죬Ҷ忰ƷͨʥƷͨʥ˺ֺ
ʲô
Ҷ˫ָסƷͨʥһĻ˵ɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫ
ʮӵսһ֮նͨĶǵ
꣡
ʱҶָ͵طǧڽ˫ָŷӲƷͨʥĵ⾪˵һĻڳˡ
ҾͲûж
ʶҶ羪˵սͷð˿ſź飬ѸóһѣѸٵĴҶڵĶԡ
δ޷Ҷڶԡ
㣬ûжɫݵҶ磬һвŨŨĲ
һϰɣҪʱˣ
Ҷһͷȸ˱еƣ°ĿͶˣɵ˵


1777 һ
ģҾͲôˣɱ
Ҷ˫ָ鵶Ŀӱһϧ۵ȼǿʥѪս£նյǿһ
һʮɳĵâݹ䣬â֮ǿᣬµĵŴӶ
̫ˣ
Ҷһ̽Ĵ˲仯һֻ֣һץʮɳĵâ
ţҶָһеľƱһżٷɳ۵ǣֱƿ˿ӵ֮Դʥ飬˳ȥ
أ
ʥ飬һǿбֱը壬ڰлһѪ

ĿǰһĻɫ䡣
û뵽Ҷս˵ĿֲþƱͻɱһһǵ񾳽ܡ
õƣ
ҶʵԽԽѸټŹϵķھѪʱŷ˲ȼǧ˿Ƶĵ֮ƣˮ㹥Ҷ硣
̫ˣ̣ʧ
ĵ֮ϮҶһţٴɲĵ֣ǿĵ⣬һѽŷɵĵ֮ץУֱˡ
ģôôǿ
ŷķѪõģһãвǵ񣬿ŷȴҶƵ˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ߣ뿪˵
оҶĿֲ⣬Ѹ뿪
ȼǿѪʩչѪʱȴһǿĽ˻صˤ˵ϣס
㣬
Ŵܿռ両ǿĽ֮⣬˾ˡ
ôˣǸողǺܿ𣿡Ҷϣؿ˵
ºʵǷˡ·⣬һҧӲͷƤ¿ܻԼĴɱңұ֤޷뿪ǳǡ
ǲˣҶ絭˵ˣҵޣһְɣɱǣһὫǵͷ͸ң֪˵³
㡭ҧ˵¸㣬˾ڰңǿǿĹ𣿡
ˣ֪һϢҶ粻ϲȻˣһ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
Ҷ˶£ĵˡ
һȺ˾֪˭ˣҶ绺վٲ֣Ҳǻᡣ
ϣ
Ҷ۾͸ĺ⣬֪ѾûãòӲͷƤҶ硣
Ϊ˲һ˿ûв׾ʹȫϵʩչĵƣҶ磬Ҫɱ
Ҷֲ̫һȭԻƷͨʥ
أ
һڻҵ
Ҷȫ£ʩչĵƲϵ飬޷˺Ҷֺ
ʥ꣬ն
ҶѹʽķһϮĵʱʥӳĻ꺣ڰлһĽâһնһһǵԴ壬նɱ
ȥɣ
Ҷǿնɱһʱ񼶴ܲһеĳҶ磬ڿҶʱͻȻԱʥ飬ԼҶ緢һ
ԱʥʱʥҶ£նǵԴ
ӽţ춯أ𶯾ıը𣬿µıը˲Ҷ磬Ҫش塣
ɣ
ץסᣬ׷ȼʥѪʹƴعҪô˻ὫҶնɱ
ҵķƲ̸ʲôɱң
׵Ҷ̾Ϣһֱһӣƿ˿µĻ籩̤ųصĲһɫޱˡ
ôܣķôôǿ
񼶸ԱȻδ˺Ҷֺľˡ
иǳ˻ںޣ֪Ҷ˵ĿֲǸһӣҲǰ
ͨ
¥дõʱӻҶһ˵ϣһ߿ͷһҶԭ
ںڣ̫ˣ
Ҷһָµĵ籡ָһָƿĲӣֱӽԴը
ţҶɿµѣ֮ԴУֱӽ꣬ɱ
ãʣµ񼶴ƴˣһеĹҶ磬Ҷ֮ʵ̫󣬸޷вҶֺ
ʣµ񼶴ܱҶҶնɱԴȫ
ңϣǵǻϲ
նɱˣҶƿ˲µĽƣ뿪ƮŨŨѪζİᣬһֻƮĹȣ˰Ҵ⣬ָɱ˰ҵ˵Դһſ˴⡣


1778 ɱ¾

һֵĲҽ峿ڰլдҡ

ҴҸİҼӴһſԴ֪ɱʱɫޱȡ
磬ӦǸСӸɵģ߰ｭ۾˸֮ɫ
СǸˣҰ壬ұ֤֮أӴ˵Դҧгݵ˵
磬ҪҪڻǣԸСӣｭʵ
ţһҾȥݼϡӴ˵ͷ
ڰϣ׼ԸҶʱɱ˵Ҷ磬ȴص˿ջŮӴǬд˳
Ҷ㡭
Ůӻ۾ǰҶʱɴ˫ۣ¶˻ģ
ǲǺܳԾΪʲôû
ŮӳԾģҶ¶˵Цݵ
СƹˣӸ˸ңоԵʵŮһסĵ𾪣ӵ˵ӼȻѾ֪һˣΪβҪ
ȥǲ̫żˣҶ΢΢һЦԹԵĵһҪȰҵǲиһٻǣǲŻڵڡ
ħ
ЦݣԺȲҶ磬ŮȴеĲ
ĵزķϣ˰ңӦò鷳Ҷ翴Ŀ˸Ůӣ˵
ӣŶܸ湫𣿡ŮӲ¶Ĵ⣬ͻȻڵϣ
ܣ
ȻŮӳˣҶļ㲻Ϊҡҡͷԥܾ
ʱһȥ
ܸоҶĿֲûȴڰӴʢ£ס˰ҡ
Ϊ»巴УӴûи࣬лϣ߳򣬰ӴĴ󶨣ʼƻ
㣬ôüģ˭۸ˣ
һɫۣͦΣһǵ񾳽ӣһͤ⣬ŵ˼ֵİ㣬۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ûʲô
̾ϢһϷʮ˵
㣬ʲô¸˵ֻҪܰ㣬дǣ
Űĵȵӣ޳ĳȣľһȣŽϴ
ðɣȻҾ͸㣡¶֮ɫͼӴ׵ĽҶ˵һ۸ҵĶͽ
ԭС£ʳ¶һ˿°ЦݵߣȥС鷳ҵҪǸǺηʥ۸ң۸㡣
ģԸң㿴Ϲˣϲ
߰ɣסˣ¹Ǹʳ˵
лл磡㺬˵˽˻ʳ绳Уż⣬һյá
оմоʳȼܻ棬ֱ˰С졣
᳤磡ƿʳΪҰұ˳ң㡣
ãһΪʳЦһߡ
֪Ҷ粻öԸɫûʳ붯һ񻤷棬ǰҶסĿջ׼Ҷ硣
ոջ⣬ԶԶһͦεӰվڿջ⣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬Īĸеһ˿
ΪҶ罫֮ʥͼڻ֮ʥͼӰ£ʳ񻤷δϳ
ʣµĴʯ𣿡Ҷ翴ɫ΢䣬§Żʳ첲Ѱһ˿οİ㣬˵
СӣͷţʶĹԹԹģҲãԸȫʬʳؿҶ磬ȫȻûн
ƾ㣡
Ҷһһڻʳǰ
磬Сģ
ǵ񻤷ͫһԥڻʳǰҪҶ˻ȥ
Ҷٶ̫죬ʮʱٱŷ񻤷赲ǰƣݺݵس˻ʳϡ
ž
һİ
㲻Ļʳ类ҶһƳ˳ȥߵķݣӰ׹ݺݵˤ˵ϣѪͶʳ
ģôĹȻҴң
ʳݵգһֻŭʨӣ
䣬ͫ޷Ŵֵķ֣Ҷ꺣бһƥеĺ⣬һ񻤷룬նɱ
ʥ꣬㣬㵽˭
ŵѪеʬ壬ʳԺͻȻֳһµӰոյʧֵ˵
㲻Ѿµ˭𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦʥն

ʳҶ֮ʵ̫ʥ깥£޻̼֮䱻ʥնɱֻʣ»ʧɫɪɪеİ㡣


1779 ɱɱ
㣬㲻Ҫ
Ҷһŵȫëֱ˵ò
ˣҶ΢΢һЦֻǿʼҪˣֻǵˡ
û˵˼û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀֲɱˣ˵Ҷӣɷڿݼգұ֤ʣµĴʯ㡣
ô鷳ˣҽȥȡûУǾ˰ɣҶԵػӦٻ˰ͨʥ˻ʧɫİ㣬ɪɪǰ˰ҡ
ڰǳǴҶЮǰʱǳǣĸֳڽֵΧۡ
үү쿴
ǺҶȵĲȹŮӣ͸Ⱥ϶Ҷ磬ץߵĸ첲
ƶҪ˵ǵǿͺãǧ漰棬ƼҴ֣֮ƳӽĴ
˵˭ΪȻﶼҺҶ°ıӰƳѵ磿
ôĵӣЮְС㣬ҿòͷˣ
ͻȻһװӵĽֵ֮ǿò˶Ĥ΢ģһЩʵõˣһ߿Ѫ
ɺ֣ң
һɫƳۣͼڣֳַӴƵİ
Ҫˣûܾ㣡
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷֳַ˺ƿϮİӣĮ˵
ۿеĳҶҶһָѹ˿ռ䣬һָ˳Ľϡ
ˣ
һ̶Ľ
Ҷָǧڽ뵽˳Уֱӽ˽飬Ʒͨʥˡ
ʲô
û뵽ҶʵǿزһָƷͨʥȫĺëֱԥ⳷ȥ
˲䣬Ҷӡһƣݿ˿ռ䣬ݺݵӡϣһӡ˳ȥ
أ
ӳܲסҶһ֮ڰбһѪ
ħħ
ĿҶһƺӵһĻŵ˫Ȳվסˡ
ҶҶӣҰɣֻҪңԸӦκεԸΪūΪź㣡û꣬ݴ˵
㣬䣡
ȻĺҶ粻ϧ֮ˣҰĶ񶾣ҶûзŹ˼
ʲô繫ӣʻˣ㱻ܣҰ
֪һϢӴĴû뵽Ҷ˵ı뺷ɱ˻ˣЮְҡ
֪ͨи׼սӴȻѸǰ˻ϵ˾סıԺһϢǡ
ˣ
챻ɱʳΪصʳҲˣûϣ߳ϵŭѡ
ɱһţ֮أ
߳еĲ豭ɫϵȻ֣ǰ˰ǰԺ׼Ҷ硣
أ
һ˸ոǰԺյԺűһǿײˣɫ۵Ҷ磬ЮѪɫɪɪİ㣬˽
㣬Ҷ磡
ҶϤףϣ߳¶֮ɫû뵽նɱʳˣȻǿѰҵҶ硣
Ҷ磬ҷĵӲһĴ֪ɱһˣϷס㣬ұ֤㳢еʹ࣬ȥ߳ĿŨŨɱڵ˵
ʱͬգҼȻûнǷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƷȼĹƯ壬£ҡҷŴƣֱӽռطΧİլ
죡
ҶڰУҡҷƵ죬ϣ߳ϵ˵ɴ۾ʱδҶ羹ȻŪ졣
ϣ߳ϣʶ
ӴΪлҶͷҲûãʵһĻȴеĻû뵽Ҷ羹Ȼӻ壬ٻ˰ңҪһ򾡡
Ҷ磬Ҷ硭ѵϽսһҶ磡
ҶϤ֣һּߵİͻȻ뵽Ҷ˭ɫޱ䡣
һʱ䣬Ҷþ֡
ˣҪʱˣһְɣ
ɫޱİӴˣҶԵƥ˵
úúãСҵҪ⼸ɳ˶٣ҽаϷ򣡡
ͫһ֮ϵбһΡĴɽѹҶ硣
桭ɱɱ
ȻҶ类׷ɱӣҶǵ۷壬ټѾ澳ĻϷˣ°˵
һ̤֮ѪȼգںϣһɱȰ֮Ƹµ籡壬ֱγɵƴɽ


1780 ǿ޵
ն
û뵽δҶƾͳԽԼٻ˼Ʒͨʥ꣬һնǿĵ⣬̩ɽѹƣնҶ硣
ˣ
նĳҶеķħײһڰмĿĻ⡣
ôܣôô󣡡
Ӳһ𾪵ĸоһɳ͸괫˫У˫۳һ˿о
ݣ
һ֮Ҷȫһ̤˼Ӳĵ棬ޱߵĽ⣬ն˻ϡ
һ񣡡
һնĴʥͼֳ壬µĽâںĴʥͼֱ֮һеĹâڰһؽۣһ˻ϵ壬ȫ
ǣ
ϱȫֳֳȫֵʱҵ֮ն˳꣬µĽ͸УֱӴ壬Ѫ
ʲôˣ
ĿҶѸ֮ƻ˻ϵһĻڳ˶ˡ
ǰ棬˵սԺߣɾôǿĴڣȴҶɻˣǼʶҶĿ¡
⣬ôܣżʱ䣬Ȼɳ㾳磬϶ˣ
߳϶ҶΪϤĿҶڰսһĻʱҶ绹Сһֻ־ܽҶѹ
ɶ̶̼ʱ䣬Ҷȴɳòӵĳ̶ȣ֮࣬һ˿
ħ壡
̵ҶĿ£ȼǿѪ֮仯ǿħ壬ս
һ̣ϱֳֳ֮ٴҶ缤սһ
仯ħ壬ϵսȼպ֮ѪҶȣвСĲࡣ
ڰмɱ˰ʱ䣬ϵĹƽҶѹƣѪ˳˳Ѫ߰ߡ
䣬Ѫ
ֵסҶ͵Ĺʩչ崫ͨһڿڱѪγѪ䣬ƽҶС

ѪƽҶ˲䣬ʩչطҪѪ䣬Ҷ巢һ
ţô
Ѫʱȴķ֣Լ뱾ѪѪʧȥ˸Ӧ޷Ѫ䡣
ֶ̫ˣȹҲ˺𣿡Ҷ̾Ϣһһӽϣ͵Ĺ
ҾͲܿѪ
Ѫǻطͨһ˸޷ƣаĻһߵҶ͵Ĺһ߼֮ѪһööѪҶ硣
ҶлľһööƽҶѪ䣬δüԱͱľˡ
ôܣ
ŴγΣ޷Ѫ䣬û˴ء
֮ʣʥħںһڰлһ£һҵշѳ룬޵еĽն㲻Ļϡ
꣡
һ
ϸ߸߾ĳܲסҶһֱӴмˣµĽµٲݺݵغ˻ϣƿֱӽӰն档
ϣ
Žҳһӵϣ߳ϵ˷˾
ʲôһ֣նɱУ
澳ĻϲУ߳ûԥŻ֣Ҷ硣
ҪҪ֣
ʮΧҶ磬Ҹִѯɫ԰ףļƽİӴ
û·
Ӵ̾Ϣһ·ʮ꣬ε˵
Ҳû뵽ΪһٿżƷʥһ·
֪Ҷ˵ðҶ磬ɺѾûãһսϣһپ٣һ֮£ֻܴҸ֣ΧҶ硣
󣡡
ڰҼս֣͹ҶʱӴ˰أԼıѪ֮γ
ǰĵƣҲ̣֮ԳΪǳǵһ壬
ԭʼ̥󣡡
оϢһ֮ս壬ҸֵҶٻԭʼ̥γɣ̺ǿڰе
⣬Ϣ
ԭʼֵ̥˲䣬ԡѪսĻϵ¶˾֮ɫ
ǸоҶԭʼ̥ӦͻƵ澳
ɱأ
ӴڰУϧ۵򻺻תһڿھѪ
һˮͰֵƳ󣬴һɱ˿ԭʼ̥
ͷ湭ƣ
Ϯԭʼ̥ٻһһɳǶͷ̻Ƶͷ湭һֲϮˡ
ƷСӵֵõʲôôƷ
оͷ湭ϵ˾ˣҶþ֡


1781 ͳͳѹ
ôˣŸոտʼϷں棡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˷ħȫԼѪ֮һϮĻ𹥻ɱȺС
Ҫû壬ҸֵѪĥԼڵĿҩ
飡
Ҷ籩һǧڽһȭϮļƷʥǰҸ֡
ȻǳǿԺߣĸ֣ǲ̫Զ̫Զ
أ
ҸδͱҶȭâ壬Ѫ

У߳³һöɫķ˴ѪŷһɫĹ⽣ԳԽٵٶȣնҶ硣
ۿɫ⽣նҶԴϣɱҶ͵㼯ȭУһȭռѣµȭâֱɫĹ⽣
⣬ôܣ
Ҷսȫ˻߳ϵ޷ţҶ絥ѪȭͷܺȼƷͨʥȼİɫ
֮߳ʣҶɽϮĹڰлһӰɽѹȸУɫޱ䣬ƴĻ߳ǰ
ҶᵽŨŨΣϢȫëֱĻ߳ʹȫ
Ҷгǧڽƾǿ˻߳ϷĹһȭ䴩˻߳ϵؿڣס֮Դʥ顣
ʥ飬
ʥ鱻Ҷס˲䣬֪޻·Ļ߳ϱʥ飬ԼҶ緢һ
߳ǵԱʥ鱬εȵĿֲնըһ޴ȱڣв㲻İҸ֣ɻ֮
ң˵С𣿡
ҵĻ籩ԶδİҸֺһʵ
ôֲĹҲֻʣ°˰ɣӴһ
ΪҶ⵽߳Աһϰʱһ°߳˻ģǰ
⣬ôܣô𣡡
սףɫݵҶ磬ڳˡ
棬ףһף
ȺеĻϣŸҶ棬Ƶս¶˻ģʧ̬ľ
ף
ڰУȼսףڴ˵֮У˵ҶӵףѾڲ֮أ㼯֮Ҳ޷ɱ
ҶҶӣԭҰҵĴֻҪϸ̧֣ҰңԸ⽫Ұղȫ͸㣡
ף䲻Ҷ磬ȫݿ˰Ӵߣò˸߹ͷ­ð
ɱǣҵղزҵģҶĮ˵ûһ˿
⡭
Ҷ粢ŹңӴ
꣡
ڰұʱһ
ԭʼֳ̥ͷ湭䴩˰ǿվҵĲĩһ㡣
䴩ԭʼ̥һû뵽ȫеѨϣеʵ
ҶСҪţһԣɣ
ϷһĵҩȶһƣŭҶ
ûϵҵ屨Ҷη˵΢΢һڰлһۻҵĲӰͻȻڻǰһȭ
Ÿʲôƴˣ
ȼʥ飬ֵ֮סҶһȭϰסڷѪ
ƴ𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦǧڽԼѹȫϮ֡
һĲҽ
ۻֻǰҸ֣ȫҶµѹ⣬һѪ
һʱ䣬ѪɺӣѪ֫ɢһأٲȻ˼
ôⲻģ
Զɪɪİ㿴ǰһĻ뵽˾ͻںС
û뵽ԼƸ֮֡
ף
ڰӶԽԽ񼴽ʱӴҶһȭУӱɣײγɵĽϣһѪһĻֱӹڵϡ
Ҷ磬֣ҲŹģ
㾫ȫˣһĲҽڻں޺;ѡԱ˽Լ
޷һ˿Ҷһ޵еս񣬷ɱ¾ոŻͰҸֵ
ۿǧңֱҶѪƼصĻϣȴھУ̤ѵһԽ˰֮ͻƵ澳硣


1782 һɱ֮
ͻˣ
оϵϢһ˲䷢췭ظı仯ﵽ澳Ҷ¶֮ɫһ̣Ȼͻ˾硣
Ҷ磬Ӧúúлл㣬ûҲôʱ̤澳
ͻ澳˲䣬ϸоսʮڵҲѹƣ¶֮ɫ
ôΪͻ澳ŤתǬҶЦһڣ㻹ô档
Ҷ磬ӵв֪һĿ£ͻƵ澳һ޵磬죬Ҿʶ£һͨ˵ŻȼǿѪʩչ˻ͨ
첻ܾ
һɻ֮ڻбʱһϹŵĻߣͶſֲĻѹսҲʩչ첻ܾʱﵽ˶ǵ֮
ǵ棬岻ʵ̹Ȼ£
оɢϢҶ粢ţȻڵĻϵսϰٱҶҪɱȻѡ
Ҷ粢ûнһٻ˷ħ׼ƾʵɱ
ӡ
ǵʵ۷壬˫ֿٵſռе֮ڽ˫֮䣬һöƴСİɫӡ
ӡСݵȴڷӡиоص·һԽһɽΪƽء

۳ӡ˫ƳµĻӡŤһռ䣬һҷųβ͵ǣײҶ硣
һ񣡡
ӡϮҶ罫Ĵʥͼݵ£ħںһһ֮⻪һ˫Ĵ˰ƴСĻӡϡ
ǣ
ɿµײһй֮ԲĿռ䶼ˡ
ұӡ粢δܵȴΪƽأӴ֮ǳް塣
䣡
󹥻Գӡˣµıը֮ݺݵغҶϣ˳ȥ
Ҷף£ӡѹܵˡ
񫣬
ȻҶ类۵ĻӡˣһҶоڵĿҩԴ½һ֣ҶдϲûٻֳַħȥԿս죬ǿսǿмҵĲɱ
ն
ҶԵķܻһʱʥ´һն˻ϵϣӲƿؿһؽۡ
һ̣׹ǵĽۣȴһٵˡ
ͨȻ£
̵첻ܾĻָҶʱʮһϵعŻ塣
ģô
ɱһʱ첻ܾδ·磬ĹȴҶȫֵס޵ֱ⡣
ûʩչ첻ܾҲѻɱҶ磬ȥ뿪պһɱҶ硣
췣
ӲҶն޵һ߸ߵԾ𣬽ս£˻ص췣޾췣֮ɿף£͵ĹҶ磬췣С
޼
췣Ļ𹥻ҶֳΡߴĻľӰҡҷŻй⣬Ҷս
һնľӰ޼ֱ˺ӿ췣סҶ塣
ͨҶԳʱץסһᣬѸٷɵ˰ұԵȫγɵĽƣҪ˺ƽܡ
ȫʱĸ֪ͻȻΣգԥһ㡣
˲䣬ոڵĿռ䱻һ䴩¶һ׵Ŀռڶ
ԭʼ̥
˰ﵽǵ۷徳ԭʼ̥ϲɵ¶֮ɫ
һҶĸͷۣټԭʼ̥ûһ˿ʤ㡣
ϣ㲻Ǻ͵ģΪʲôˣ嶼ȵС֮𣿡Ҷ翴ɫصĻϣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҷ磬ҪţϷߣƾס
ɫ˵׼ϧһдۣͻΧ뿪
𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ죬ħٻ˳Ƿſռ䡣
ʲô
죬ħ϶ʱɫǿʱоؿ־С
ģֻҪ㲻ӣǲֹģ¶ֵĻϣҶ絭˵
˵꣬Ҷֳַħ˻ϡ
ʱĻϣսҶȴԽսԽ£ѹסĹơ
Ļ첻ܾϵ޸ϣԴԴϸṩ
ʱ⣬ҶоڵĿҩԼʧʧȥġ
ˣϷɣ
˵ţҶٻ˼Ʒ֮ն˾ִеĻϡ
һն䣬ǰĿռ仯Ϊޣµնжһ㣬ֱٿ壬룬ոӲޱȵʥˣһնˡ
ոͻƵ澳Ļϣ档


1783 ǰ
Ʒ
һնϵɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫԾҶ羹Ȼӵ綼ٳֵļƷԾҶܽƷӳ
߰ɣ
ΪƽصİңԼԶɪɪİҸ֣Ҷûٴɱ䣬˵Լҵղأ죬ħԭʼ̥һ˫˫ֵĿע£뿪ˡ
ʮʯЩʯԶԶ
ҶһԼ˴ջ̾ϢһЩʯԽ͵磬ֻȥǳأһʯȻ޷޸ϹŴ
âǣ
һǳأâǽǳǵĵڶǳأͬ
ȻҶոѪϴ˰ң¾˰ڵʮ֣ıɫݵ߽âǣǰâı׼ʼʩǮñԼһʯ
˼ӣ챦еĴʯˣ
Ҷâı¥ʱȴ˸֪챦еĴʯǰøոձߡ
λ֪˭˴ʯҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
⣬ˡҲܸ߹ӣһϮɫۣı·һ͸ˮңɢŮǸ˵
ң
Ҷͫһ˫гŻУ˲סŮӵĴʶݿܵ
еĴʯŮӻجج˵
ң
Ҷת뿪챦¥޹˼ɵٻ˫ᣬڰлһӰλǣռطΧլ
󵨣ǺˣΪôլ
ҶլʱңҸֳڰɵĹ㳡ϣҶΧסˡ
Ҽ̸һģ
Ҷ米˫֣͸˭İ°˵
ģʲôҸҲܼģһɫۣɫ΢΢Щ԰ףںڳɢ˫磬۾ƽ˵
꣡
䣬ͻȻоµĵҶΪģѿ֩Ѻۡ
ҵޣҼңһ
ŷǧڽ˰棬Ҷ˫б⣬ݿܵ
㡭
ŲɫѵҶ磬ɢĿϢӵĺǳ⻰ȫɤۣͷð˴ĺ飬˵
֪Ϊ£
լҲʱһۣ˫޻׵ӣϢǵͬ»˹˵
еĴʯңҶ翪żɽ˵
ôĿ˵㣬ΪԼ˭վҼԣɫۣһǵ񾳽ŭ˵
࣡
ҶͫһһǿϢɢһ޵еսն˻ߡ
ۣ
ҶͷŵսһؿϳһصۣӱնɳȥѪ
ʲô
ĿҶƾǿƣش˻ߵһĻ
ºʵʯʮҪˡҲܽ£
ҼǿӲ˵óһọ̈׼ԸҶ硣
ȻֻˣҶԵ˵
ҼЦһȻʵףһҰĵطǿҷǡ
˵ţҼеһھѪ̵ڰУ֮ͨγһ
ȻҪصҸޣҳȫǣ
˵ţҶб֮ƣֱϢ֮ǿڳ˸еϢͿ־塣
㣬ǸҵǸˣ
ҶĻҼֻԴһ㣬һ£ɫɷףûһ˿Ѫɫ
ҶûлشĻٻͷ湭ȫһǰ
ҵȣС̫ࡣ
¡¡
⵽Ҷ籬ǧڽ䱬ˣµվҵĲ
ȵǰҴˣԸ⽫еĴʯ͸ǰǰ̧ǣ
ұϢʹңҼȷϣҶǸҵǸˣֱ˵һģһ˫ֽһöɫǬָݸҶ硣
Ҷͷ͸Ǭָѻһʯɽ£һٶš
ЩʯˣƷͨʥǰɡ
Ҷûдɱ䣬ǰڻɱ˵õһƷͨʥҼ˾ϲĿע£뿪ˡ
õһٶʯоӦÿ޸ϹŴˣûٵʱ䣬뿪ǣǺȥ
Ȼ֪Ǻѹһħ澳ܣδδ£ԸѹħܣϹŴ󴦣Ŵʯڽ˴С
ںϹŴҶԣϵ޸Ŵ󣬾ʮʱŬ޸ϹŴ
ʱǰˣףĸףѣң
ҶһϹŴʧããǺ֮Уǰģ׳硣


1784 
ƺɽһɽкˮ峺ף续һľӣǶɽ
ǸغܣһֻӬܸҷŽ
һ䵫ʧöŮڼžƺ
һɫȹٰɢ˫磬üͦ촽ȴջŮ
С㣡
ףϢòĿ͹ιճһĿѣߵŮӣشɢܣػƺϣ˿
뿪ŮĺߣٻһɫڰУγ˴סƺֹ˿ƺеľ
ͨ
ԽԽŨʱŮʵϵĳȹ¶һٻƽָûһ˿覴ãĽˣ޳˳Ե˫ȣ߽˱ƺС
ƺԡȻڼˣ
Ů峺ĺˮڹ⻬˫ϣֱˮо
ţˣ
Ůںԡʱһˣںһ˵ӣӲǱˣͨϹŴ󣬴͵Ҷ硣
ͨϹŴ磬ȻԼʱ䣬ϹŴڵʱ̫ԶҶڿռ䴫ʱΣҪ㹻ǿͱµĿռ籩˺ˡ
Ůģ
Ҷ΢΢۾˺棬۾һɣסˡ
ֱںذڶֻСĺ΢ĻζϸԸеǣ޳ˣòˡ
ȻҶܶľŮƵɷӻҪ֣Ҷ翴εŮʱǲɵøпŮòΣ
֪ˣӾŮʱŮͻȻһƽ˺УһֻС㣬ζ
ŮʮԡڱˮеоʱͻȻں׿һ˫۾һ˫ֱԼ۾
ˣ
һе˼ͷԺС
һ̣˫ֱܵĻסͦε˫壬޳˫ȿٵס˱¶ںеĴ⡣
͵ɱ㣡
֮ŮȷĲһˣѸٴǬָóһ·ϣٻһޱȣﵽƷͨʥȼĳǹһ磬˱ĺˮҶ硣
Ҫ͵ԡҶɱйޡ

ɱϮƯŮӣҶ̾ϢһѸ뿪˺״󣬾Ѹ뿪
С͵˹̵ӣ𣿡
ƯŮŭɶĴʩչֱӴĺˮƽҶ磬͵Ĺ
ȵȣ㲻Ҫᣬ㣬ֻ˶ѣҶһƯŮӵĹһεؽ͵
һĹ𣿡ŭƯŮӲΪ͵˹̵ӣǾɡ
Ů϶Լ͵Ҷ¶֮ɫһӣһƥеĽâֱӷֿӿĺˮȥ
ܣ
ƯŮӱһȫ׷Ҷ磬ƱҪɱ
ţ
Ҷɳ˲䣬üͷ΢΢һ壬֪Σա
һ̣˷öٶȼļʸŴ̶ƿƳҶ硣
ͻȻļʸ󣬵Ҷ˵ȴκεв
һööٶȼļʸδҶ壬ͱƤˡ
С
Ҷǿһööʸ˲䣬ŭĵƯŮеƷͨʥǹһֻҶ緢һ
Խţ
ƷͨʥǹϮҶѸ̤һţԽ֮ھֱӽϮƷͨʥǹˡ
䣡
ƺҶ̤İԽŹ³ʮף㲻ƯŮܵ˲һѪ˳ȥ
ݣ
ƯŮӱҶһʱдʸϮٶȼʧصƯŮӡ
ԭǳģ
Ų⵽ʸƯŮӣҶ粢ûǰӪȣ׼뿪
ۣ
ͻȻһ̶Ѫ
ոձԽ˵ƯŮӣܲסһؼʸһѪء
Ůӻʧɫģ˵ı飬ҶĪĲһ˿ϧ̾ϢһˣҾ;һΣֲոյɡ
˵ţҶӶһֱۣγһµޱȼӲĿռ䣬˹Ůӵļʸ˻
ţʥҶ꺣зӳһ⣬ɽïʢɽС
ܿ죬һĲҽ
ʥ깥£ɽУһʸ˲ϻһѪɽ֣ҵɽָֻƽ


1785 ų
ˣˣҸһڣӦʳ˭ɱ㣡
ɫ԰ףδƯŮӣҶ˵
ллл㣡
ոһĻɵһƬհ׵Ůӵ˵ͷ·ҶԡһĻҶ˰ߣһʥΣѪԵӡ
ʶ𣿡
Ҷֱһӣ˺ڽ¶һŲ˺ۣʮʵ
ʶ
һĿĵİ̺ۣŮϸϺҡҡͷ
ǺãҰѻ꣬ʲôҪɱ㣡
˵ţҶİϣԵŶԻԲѵӽѻꡣ
Եոսӻ꺣У꺣еơ
أ
飬ըӵԴ꣬
øַǴɱ֮ǰѾ׼ЩӦѵصɱ֣
ԴѣɥȪĺɱ֣Ҷûһ˿仯˵
ɱ֣ΪλɱִɱأҸûеʲôˣŮӶͷð˿ſź飬µ˵
һָоԼҶ磬Լ˵Ѿɱ߱ܣҶԹҲᵽ͡
ˣҾһ֮һʹҶ翴žδɫ԰׵Ůӣ˵
˵꣬ת뿪
ȣȵȣҶҪߣŮסҧһ˵ĺ촽˵㣬㲻ߣһŮӵ㿴ˣѵҪһ֮
Ҷ翴ŮӲ԰ϸֳĶΣЦ˵ѵҸ𣿡
˭㸺𣡵ҵ㲻ܲܣҪһؼңҲŻԭ㣡Ů΢΢̧ͷӭҶ۾΢
ؼңҶüͷ΢΢һ塣
ƽһͻؼң֮һʹκһл㣡
ȫɱŮĺٷ⣬ֻʵɲҶ硣
κҵʵΣҶԥһʵ
κųĴ֮һԲǧ˸ǣԼļ壬ŮӲɵ¶˽֮ɫ˵
˸ǣҶЦЦ˵Ϊ⵽׷ɱΪβҶԻȥ
㡭Ůᣬֱ
ˣ£κҰɣ
УҲǹ㣬ںˣûҶѣ
Ҷ磬ز죬Ҹ˽ԼĿǰķλ
κ̽ϢĿ꣬ͷͬ
Уҿȴҳϣ治ˣ
ŮӰĴƳҶһۣΪҶо֮ӹŹ˻ʹҶûжٽ٣˵Ҳࡣ

ųǣλڹԵٽ壬ħΧĳǳأռطΧ㣬಻ɽޱߵĺһ޼ʵĲԭ϶Ĵӡ
ųǹһλ棬ӵֶΣ岻ųǵҡ
ųĴϵļ壬ֱ˾壬ңκԼң˾壬Ҵڹ壬Ҵħ壬ֻκҴ塣
Ϊκϼκͨǵ۷ܣκһֱųǲųǲٵԴ
ˣǰųˣ
Ҷ˸˴·ųΧ⣬Ư绨κָԶһľ޴ǳص
صųǣκ²ɵðһҶҲԽĸмΪǷųǵ;УһδɱǴδɱӵ͡
Ҷʵ죬նɱ̿ͣʵ޷ƽųǡ
磬ȹģĳǳأܼ
ɫһ㣬಻֪ĳǽΡɽĳţԼٲĸߴҶ粻ɵип
С㣬ڻˣүǶ켱ˣ
Ҷκ˳һϵĴ½ųȥʱһͷѩףϲƣǵ߷ǣκҸּҴҵ˹κ°ȻԵһ
ܼңô⣿
Ű׷ߣκ΢΢Щʵ
СɱʱʱϢصκңΪ㣬κҵˣСƽܼ˵
Ǹǲ鵽ʲô˴ɱ𣿡κʵ
ûв
С㣬λǡ
ܼҿһİоʵҶ磬ʵ
λҶӣңҿܾͻزˣκܵ
лҶӾ֮κûܼһҶ磬һм˵
ܼҿˣҶ΢΢һЦ˵
߰ɣǻȥκĥ˵һҪøײǺô󵨣ɱִɱҡ


1786 κ
κңųĴ֮һųƿųǴԴľˡ
¶ڻˣˣ
κһ˸ոշκңκμǵ񾳽κҺ˳˵Ůɵðһ

κ޳˫ȣ˽κҺĻУۿɵúˡ
¶λǾҶӰɣ
κҺḧκں˳ĳĿͶվſڵҶ磬ۣ˵
ţҶӣҿܾͻزˣκµ˵ͷ˵
û뵽Լһ棬ȻɱҶ磬ҲԶزˡ
Ҷӣл¶֪ҪʲôֻҪκõóһ㣡
κҺԼЩ͸Ҷ磬˼һ£󷽵˵
лͲˣҪκһЩ£
Ҷкܶ࣬浤һĶѾȤˣֻͨκ˽һ硣
ã˵ֻҪ֪һ߹ӣ
Ҷ粻ҪκҺ¶һ˿֮ɫָܿҶ˹ɫ㣬Ʈŵ̴á
Ҷӣ֪Ҫʲô£
ȻҶɢϢǿϣȴһֻȻɵĸоκұϾųĴ֮һҶκȴûһ˿н֮ɫκҺɵø߿ۡ
ֻһɢޣ޶Ҷ纬˵Ҫκкδ·Լǰķ
Ҷ֮Ҫȥ磬Ϊ죬ѹǬ꣬ؼҿûбڶ
ҶҲͨ죬Ӵһ壬취ǡ
Ѿˣûܽ뵽УκҺЩؿһҶ磬˵
ѵڶûƽϢҶüͷ΢΢һ
ӦûУڶƽϢˣʹˣκҺҡҡͷ
κɷ֪ڶĻҶһƮŨŨ裬ʵ
Ҷ̫ˣǿҸӴǣκҺ
κɷа취͵ĵط
ȻҷҶӵɿճ棬а취뵽ġ
ǰҵǿͨռ涴Ҷ͵總ڲУĿռ涴ˣκҺ̾Ϣһ
ΪΣҶЩ⡣
Ҷѵû˵ɱ¾Ĺ£κҺЩʵҶ羹Ȼ֪Ĵ¡
ǰЩһֱڱչأոճأû˵ɱ¾Ĺ£Ҷ纬Ľ͵
ԭκҺ˵ͷǰĹ֮һɱ¾֮ĹͻȻ磬壬øַ׷ǰҪ棬ɱ¾֮ĹеĿԵ
ɱ¾֮Ĺ̫ΣˣȻɱ¾֮ĹĽƣ뵽ɱ¾֮Ĺеĸ֣ȴһ⣬ȫ棬а澳ܡ
ɱ¾֮ĹԽΣգԽ˸Եͷ嶥澳׼ʱɱ¾֮Ĺȴƶ˷λΪѹɱ¾֮Ĺƶ嶥澳ܽѹһء
գ嶥澳ܵŬɱ¾֮ĹѹˣĿռ涴ҲܵӰ죬üȶΪ˱⣬еĿռ涴ֱõɱ¾֮ĹпԵ
û뵽ɱ¾֮ĹȻ磬֪֮ĹǷҲ
˵ĹֱǺ֮Ĺɱ¾֮Ĺ̫֮Ĺ̫֮ĹеĻԵҶõɱ¾֮Ĺ磬صĺ֮Ĺȴδ֡
ɱ¾֮ĹҶ绳ɾµıǨ֮ĹǷҲ硣
˵֮ʣܼһɵ˽ϵĽư׳ʱ¶һöͨɫһֻܣ̻Ŵ·ﵽƷͨʥȼĹӡ
ܹӡκʮǰã͸ΪлɡκҺָűɫܹӡ
κˣл֮ĲˣƷͨʥҶ˵ѾãҡҡͷκлңǾ͵ȿռ涴͵Ե
ѵԨԴ
κҺҶܹӡʱĿƽûһ˿µȱ벻ۣɵø߿һۡ
ţԨԴҶ˵ͷ˵
Ǻã۷澳Ӧúܿɱɱ¾ĹĿԵʱռ涴һһʱ֪ͨӣκҺҶܹӡʵڲȤûǿŵ
л
ҶӣųǣסκҰɣκҺԽоҶ粻Ѱ
κˣһס棡Ҷ粢κ̫ǣίľܾ
໡
Ҷ׼ǱκҺ뿪ʱһײеĺκҺ𣬿µſ
ħ
ҶüͷһƣɫصκҺˣ⴫κңȻһɿµħ


1787 ħ
үүڵħּ𣿡
ôŭκɫ΢΢һ䣬ŵʵ
ţүүڵħּˣκҺһҶ磬˵ͷ
ô죬үүΣհɡκһǵ˵

Ϊ͸Ҷ磬˽⣬κҺ̾Ϣһûж˵
κҵĴã޹⵽ɱӦǳκģͨκҺı飬ҶµκҵĴ˼һ˵Ҳܰǡ
ģ
κƯĴ۾ɵùԲ͸˵ϲ֮ɫ
ңҿԣ̫үħԣ
ȻҶ粻κ̫ǣκҶмֵκҳ£˵ͷ
ҵȻ㣬үүɣ
ΪҶκо֮κ¶Ųɡ
֪κԸΪ̫үҽ𣿡Ҷ翴˼ԥκҺ˵
ǾһаҶˣ
κҺҶ磬Ŀ峺һҧðգҶԡ
Ǿ߰ɣ
˵꣬ҶκҺκµˣκҺãһǿµĹԺУһɹǿħ͸Ժ˳Ⱦ˺ɫ
κңԼȥҽΣ
Ҷ粻뽫Լܱ¶κҺǰ˵
⡭
κ̫ģҪͼıκңĿ£֮԰ǣֻΪռ涴Ҷ米˫֣¶֮ɫ
ˣ㣡
ȻҶЩκҺУȴĪеĵǼ࣬뵽ԼĸѾֲ̫ãģֻһ

Ҷ߽ƵıӰκЩǣκ̫ү£κҴĴ
ûѡֻܶˣκҺ̾Ϣһε˵
İɸףǺˣκȭͷҧ촽
߽κ̫үκͨڵݣҶ緢еħʮֵŨһĸɱŭĿԲ߱һƵһϡ
Ҷ߽κ̫үκͨٴηŭ˲
еʲôΪʲôħôŨ
Ҷκͨɢħߵߣ۾Լݣͷǿ͸УΪ塣
ţʲô
ǿ͸κͨʱио˴ѱ˲ƹ֮ĺڵ㡣
κͨħЩڵɢġ
ħƣѵǴ˵еħƣ
ڼݵԼ£Ҷ꺣гЩڵʵЩڵħԲʳħơ
ţлж
ħƣҶκͨлоһϸĺߣҲһħƣʳʶ
ҪԸκңȻôħƣҪɱκ̫үҶ
κͨȲֹۣٲҽΣҩҽҶӵлľԣԿħơ
ľɣ
סκͨݣҶٻ˻ľƻľɫ룬͸κͨȫëףУħơ
ڻľħʱҶ簴κͨϣκͨ꺣еħơ

Ҷƽκͨħʱ⵽ħƵķκͨޱȾ޴ʹ۵鴤ʹధ
үүүүʹ࣡
Ժдİκɫ΢΢һ䣬¶˽֮ɫ
Һ·ǲҽȥˣ
κҺκǵ˵ҪȥֹҶҽΡ
壡κҺͻȻκǰո˵ûӺףĿ£ӦҽθףǼȴ
ǡ
ûʲôǣ⣬һһеκҺһеΡ
ʱһһκͨİԽԽ죬κ뵽겻УκҺִȴκͳȥҶˡ
ڼ尾жɹʱκͨİСԺдħҲࡣ
ħˣѵа취ҽ̫ү
оԺħԽԽȴκ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫĳһ˿ϣ
ֹ˴Լһʱκͨİʧˡ
κˡ
ʱҶڹԺ𣬴ҶС
Ҷӣ֪Ҹ׵ô
첽߽ݣκҺɫƽվڴߵҶ磬Լ˯Уɫָκͨ΢΢Щŵʵ
ϼڵħѾϼħĥʱ̫Ҫ²ܸԭҶ絭˵
ģ
κҺĴϲǰץסκͨݵͷǿĻע뵽Уϸϸһߣȷڵħʧˡ
ҶӴκû
κҺҶؾһҶ˾ǽκҴӻ˳
ֻҪκָͨЩҪԸκҵ˾Ҫ
κ֪ħ˽٣
κҺģҶ絭˵
˽ⲻ࣡κҺʵ˵
ħƺܿ£һʳʶҪħƼ岢ףֻ֮˲Ҷ绺˵
Ҷӵ˼κڹκҺɫ΢΢һ
κҵˣ޹أҶЦЦ˵ˣˣȥϢˣռ涴ˣǵ֪ͨҡ
˵꣬ҶһöϵĴѶ飬κҺԹ£뿪ųĴ֮һκլ


1788 ҶŮ
ųǣҵôסһʱˣ
̫̫಻Ϊ֪գҶųסһʱ䣬ȴռ涴ǰ硣
Ϊ˱ʱ˴ţҶֱӻ߼ۣųһĹԺֺķǧʯڹԺвһ󣬷·ɧ
Ϣһڶһ磬Ҷ뿪˹Ժųһģ޽籦Ƕһ£ǿƵĹ¥
֣
߽¥Ҷ緢ֹ¥һʮֵ֣ʵĴѡʺԼĹ
磬ѵһĵۼ֣洦ɼֶв٣
Ҷɨһ۴еĸ֣ûκεͣ˳һԵľƽݣҪȥ¥㡣
£ֻжϹܽ¥㡣
ʱһɫףػľƽԵסҶ磬˵
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬óʱκҺһöκҹ֪öȥ¥𣿡
κҹҶУ̻һκֵĹ¶˹ǫ֮ɫӣ¥롣
ţ
Ҷû뵽κҹôã˵ͷ˳ľƽݣ˹¥㣬һòŮͬ£˲رֱѡ
Ҷʵ۽ԽԽߣһȦرûп۵Ĺ˵ѡ
š
߽¥㣬Ҷ翴ֻȼѡһ¶ȹ߳е쾡£ϻŨױ˫͸ĵŮɶ࿴һۡ
ܿ죬Ҷעһ̻ŹŹ·Ĺ
Էȷϣоӱ·һĻַ̻ȥģӣЩ·ͻɾĻֱɣԽ
Ӳ֪ʥ
ȻҶո磬ɱĴħ棬ټɱ˻ˣӵдʥ
Ҫֻ֧һƷʥ
ɫȹƤ𪣬òŮ˵
ӣҿ
ѡŮӣԶԶҶеĹӣʱӱϵ·۾һ˹߰˵
ˡ
ҶƳһۣҪ֧һƷʥ߹ӡ
ûҵĻ㽫ҿ
Ůû뵽ҶԼɫһջ˵
ʲôǮ
Ҷ罫һöװһƷʥǬָݸΪѵȹŮӵ
׼ǮˣŮŭһҶ磬ݿܵ

Ҷ罫ǬָǿȹŮỬСУŮջĿע£˹ӡ
վסŮû뵽ҶһӲԼȼܻ棬ѸٵҶǰǳ￴ϵĶҲҿòͷˡ
𣿡
ҶͫһеɱⶸȻ䱬ʱ·һǱѾõĶǣ¶˷ɱȻ
㣬֪˭
Ҷɢɱ⣬ŮһǿҵĿ־УЩ˵
ҽ첻ɱˣϣ㲻Ҫң
Ҷؾһ䣬ƿ˵ǰŮӣ뿪ˡ
ҵţҲŹģ
ŮӺܹȴ裬ҶȥıӰ޵ֱҧгݵ˵
ȻҶоŮݲȴûзϣڵʵ͵̣ԺɨųǣûнŮӵļ
뿪¥Ҷιųǣų̫ˣת˴죬Žת˶ǵʮ֮һҲûرջ
ɫҶ׼عĹԺӣͷŻʱʮڵһƫƧĽֵס
㣡ԼͻŮվȺУؿԼҶһ˵ΪҲɱ㡣
ģұҹҲܿŵģʶĹԹԹģҲСÿһ
һĿ࣬ȫŨĺëһֻЫӣݽյ۾͸ŨŨɫӶݺݵؾ
ž
䣬һİͻȻ
ҶջӳһƣݺݵسϣǣһƳ˳ȥصˤԶשǽϣשǽһƬ

Ҹû뵽Ҷ˵ĿֱӶִˣʱŭˣ׷ٻԵıҶ硣
ǶʱͻȻоǰһ
һ̣һɳݺݵغϣƿǵ˳ȥڰѪԶ˫һڣȫ˹ȥ
㣬㲻Ҫ
Լİ֣գ֮䱻ҶŮŵĻʧɫһҶ磬һߺˣһ߾ֵ˵
ž
Ҷûһ˿ϧƣݺݵسŮϣֱӽΪˡ
ţҶ練һƣֺݺݵسϣѪܿƵ˳
סҪңŤĲӣ
Ҷ˵ƣԿհףۿŮӳ˳ȥؾһݵ뿪ˡ


1789 ˽˽׻
ҹ˾ֻг
ƣ
ҹӱҶĥˣһƯڰС
ԣɣ
ǰƯǧƣҶٻԣƯڰУͷųǿһˡ
ǧƣѳ˴ϸٶȡ
ԽԽǿҲԽԽ࣬ӱ̻֮ƻ
䶯ջص꺣УҶһżƷͨʥʼǱޣʵųǵ֮
Ǳ޵ʱһϮɫȹ¶ѩ޳˫ȣϴһ˶ʯ̬ǧκסĹԺ⡣
үүôˣ
оκµҶرԺеĽƣӭ˽ʵ
лҶȣүүѾûдˣκգŴ۾Ҷ磬м˵Ҷӣ֪ʱүүҪȥϣԸл֮
үүˣһҪͲȥˣҶҡҡͷίľܾ
⣬Ǻðɣκ±Ȱ˵ҶĿ⣬֪ǿֻǵҶ練УҶӣ죬κ׼һ˽˽׻ᣬ֪Ȥμ𣿡
˽˽׻ᣡҶ۾һһ˿Ȥã׻ʱصңʱȥ
κ½һžµݸҶڽ׻ᣬӴݡ
˵꣬ûٹԺоôת뿪ˡ
˽˽׻ᣬϣջ񣡡Ҷ罫սǬУص˷УƷͨʥʵ
ʱʧܿʱȥˡ
ٽʱ֣Ҷ뿪˹Ժϵ·ͼǰκ˽˽׻Ļ᳡
κҵǻѡط
Žںģ޽ݻƯӳŴƹĽ׻᳡ҶóػͨĽΨһľϵκ߽ƮöĽ׻᳡
ΪҶ磬ƻͨĻ᳡ûжˣҶųûˣһòŮùƱһƷ괿ƣʹĺһߵȴ˽Ὺʼ
㣬ôôģ
Ҷ羲ȴʱһгͻȻ
ǰոոձҶѵıС㷢ǳ
겻ɢ
Ҷ绺תĿ¶׹⣬ҧгݵŮӣ˵
С㣬ʲôˣ
ŮӵŭκҴҸ˹ʵ
ҽ˸ϳȥ
ȻŮӴЩҶ磬뵽Լ裬뵽ԼκҵĹϵ׼赶ɱˣκҵԸҶ硣
⡭
Ҷֻκ¶һ棬˲࣬Ҷܽ뵽ݲ򵥣κΪ
һ͵͵ģŮӲĵ˵
ϴθľ滹
ŲԼŮӣҶ۾б⣬˵
㣬ҪʲôҾ㣬ﲻҰĵط
ҶŮĪĲһ£ӲͷƤ
Ĵ󺰴Уˣа˴˽˽׻һλκܡ
С㣬ôˣ
ɫ˫΢΢Щף۽һ԰̺۵ӣŻʧɫŮӣʵ
ܣãһ׼֮ˣһ͵͵ͼı죬ǽϳȥǴҵİȫ
Ůӿκ֣ܳ԰˼ָ֣Ҷ磬ǳ
СȲҪھȥ⣬Ȼһ
뵽ŮκҵĹϵܲҵ˵
£֪κҷŵ𣿡Ҷİףܵʵ
ûܽ𣿡Ҷ粻䲻ȵ˵
ɷóҼ£
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬
ҲóǲҪߣҶ۾˸ŵ⣬κҵĴʽʮֵĲ
㿴˰ɣûһһС͵͵͵Ǳ͵ģ
Ҷ粻ԸóŮĴϲȴ
С͵
ŮӵĴ᳡뵽Ув˱˹һ˫˫ɵĿˢˢͶҶ硣
òֻнˣɫѿ˵
ߣƾǣҶһֻжǵĽܣм˵
󵨣㾹κңҿĲͷˣ
û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀ񣬵Լʱŭˣ׼˽Ҷ¡
ʲôˣ
΢΢Щţʱһ
һۣȲӣͬ£˹
ӣŮϲ⣬˹ȥʮܵĸ첲ҶͶȥƵ


1790 ˫
һãС͵ҽҴݲڸģвңһҪ
Ůӽ§κһĸ첲ѹԼ壬ߵ
ʲô£
κһκҶκĶӣκҵĵλκµͣһʮӵܣ֪ԼŮ˱۸ȻŭҶ䡣
ôĹκ˽ᵷңҿòͷˣκһ¶ŮϸŭҶ磬ֵŸʲôĹȡ
ȷҪԸң
ȻҶҪκңκңɷκһҶ˵
ô㻹ҶҲ֪˭
ҶκһӵջɭȻ˵
ǴôͶҴ˫ȣκһ᲻ᱨң
κҸ֣ҶЦЦƽ˵
ģΪκҶүκһ˵вһɳŭǻȼգŸʲôҴĹȣҪι㡣
꣡
κһ䣬һëȻĹͷ
ţ˲Ҿ徵İ
ⰧҶ緢ģֺһκһġ
ҶͷŵĿֱ˫ȣһ˵ϡ
ű˫ȣڵϷʹκһڳȫɵۡ
⣬ĸҴκӵ˫ȣ
찡ʲôˣȻҵκңѵκұ𣿡
ǰһĻڳȫɵۣ񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬֪Ϊ˴󣬾Ȼڴκһ˫ȣųĴ֮һκҡ
˱ǰһĻʱҶ˫磬ǯһ㿨ס˻ʧɫŮӲӣСһ㽫ᵽ˰С
Ҿ㣬Ҫңȴ˵Ҹγͽأ
Ҷ۾бŨŨɫֱ̽Ů˫УɱȻ˵
󵨣˱С㣡
عκҸַŭˣ׷׳ҪҶ硣

һŭҶ緢֮״
׵Ůӣ߿Ѫʹ಻ѡ
أ
ҶͷǿƳ£һκ˳ȥײһӣӣװһʮָŵĴ̼һ
Ҫɱң㲻ҪɱңҲˣ
оҶ۾еɱԽԽŨŮĺˣһָоҶĸŤĲӡ
ס֣ڸʲô
ȥ˱Ҷµʵסձѹʱһŭ
ۣòκһмƣżֵӣκҸֳˡ
κ壬ң
κҶǵ񾳽κ֣Ҷ翨ɤӣᵽУʹŮȵ
ҵȱСˣһҪұ𣡡Ŷѵ˫ȣڵϴκһߵ
ʲôˣΪκ˽˽׻ᵷңκ۾͸ŨŨɫٷѩġ
˲ңҲˣһжǾȡ
ΪҶ绹ҪκҵĿռ涴һסеɱ⣬΢΢ֱӽеŮӷ˳ȥײ˼Ӳǽڣֱˤ˱ĺˮС
ºõǰףûκҷ
Ҷ罫ŮӷɣˤһĻκ۽Ǽһ£ɫޱȣɭȻ˵
Ҫû¾ͽκҰ»κң
Ҷκŭ񣬱˫֣ɫȻ˵
úãףұһڿûҪˣ
ҶĻ⿪κе˰̣еŭе˫磬ſµ֮Ҷ硣
һʱ䣬׻᳡µҡ
˫磬ĹҶû㣬Ѹ̤һŵױ״
һȭܼǧڽݿ˿µݺݵκ趴˫ϡ
һɳκ뵽˫У˫һ׷˳ȥ
ʲô
ĿҶһȭκһĻڳȫɵˣҶ磬ֲʵ
κһ¶˻ģЦ˲ˡ
ڣûɱ𣿡
űԼһȭɣʮס壬˫۷飬ɫǺκ裬Ҷ米˫֣Եƥ˵
СҪ
ȻҶս󣬵κţԼõƻܽնɱŭһٻһ֮ͨųˮ⾳սҪȫնɱҶ硣
ͻȻһͳ
裬ס֣
κǵ۷֮κͨκҼκҺκҹκͬ£˻ҵĽ״


1791 Ҳ䣿
үүһҪΪұС˫ȣѩģӽ˺У
κ֣ͨ˫ȱҶӲ飬ڵϵκһ˹ȥʹҶС
Ҷӣ׷ʲô
κû뵽Ҷκһ˳ͻüͷšһ˱˫֣ɫ̹ȻҶ硣
λܿԸľ
Ҷ˫κͨǵ۽һ£Ȼ˵
𿵣׷ʲô£ʵң
ϼκͨɫһĿͶ˶ͷðſź飬Ľܣݿܵ
أϼոձС㻳λǣ͵͵ǱС͵Ҽֲԣԡ
û뵽Ҷ羹ȻκʶʱоЩԣһһʮ˵Щ֪˵ȥ
ʲôκͨɫ˵
ҪҸϳȥҶ米˫֣˵
𿵣˭ĹĹ
ȻκͨҶ˽ޣȴҶֶΣҶκ֮뽻Ҷ磬󱳵һУȴ㱻ˣκͨԽԽŭɱ˽𿵵ġ
ʲôүүĹ
κһɵۣû뵽Ҷͷô
κһɵۣڳȫɵۣ֪ҶΪ˿ڴκһȣκκͨȷʵù˼һ竡
ϣ̫ү֪ˣҰɣ
κͨ}˵Ŀ⣬ܿ־ˣ˫һֱӹڵϣϵġ
˼Ҷӣû뵽ᷢ£ģð㣬Իһ
Ϊվų۷Ĵڣκֲͨ裬Ҳ̲пܻһɱˡ
үү˫ȣѵҪͷҲɣκһűҶϵ˫ȣĵ˵
ףȻҲĹϵǲκӣôŹκϺδ棡κ۾͸֮ɫŭҶ
ҶЦЦ˵
ͷκԵ˵
Ҳ䣿Ҷɫת䣬۾бķâ·ܶκ塣
סڣðҶӣҼҷź򣡡
ȻκͨҶʵκͨо򵥣̬ȥǳ
ף㡭
źһҹҽ첻㣡κͨϵ
ôҵĻٲҹҷź򣡡
úãߣ
κͨŭκֻҧʣ̧˫ȷκһ뿪ˡ
찡˵ʲôݣκһ˫Ȳû£κҸӻˣ
κҵͷݾ򵥣κҽѵͼı
ŷŭȥκ踸ӣԼɫ°ȲҶ磬絽ĸ¶֮ɫ׷ײ²Ҷݡ
Һ֪ͨ壬˽˽׻
ոյĳͻκͨѾûȤپ˽˽׻ˣ
Ҷӣ֮ȷʵκҲԣ㲻Ҫ֣κͨŵ̬Ǹ˵
ϼˡҶ΢΢һЦ˵֪˴ν׻ᣬκ׼׺αɷ¿ԣҵǿǽнס
ãҶӣ˵
κͨǵ˫б⣬˵ͷҶ紩ҵĴװݻž޴ˮƵá
κҴ˴˽˽׻ᣬ׼
ڿǰҶӿɷæһ֣κͨûó⿼Ҷı¡
Ȼԣ
Ҷһ裬˵ͷ
뿴
κͨóһƤֽֽдǧö죬ʮֹϵ֡
֣
Ƥֽϵ壬Ҷ¶֮ɫ
֪ܱϳЩֵ˼𣿡üͷҶ磬κͨ̾ϢһоҶӦýⲻ֡
ԣ
Ҷһ۾ԼƤֽһſ״ŹֵĹ֡
ʱκҺ˽һֳƤֽ˫ĿҶ磬κͨһ񣬾һߡ
ԼʱҶ۾ӦһŹѧĿƪÿеĴ򱻵ߵˣȷ˳ǡ
ҶǬóһ֧ʣÿй֮ǰдţݸɫ΢κҺ
ҶӣܶƬ֣
κͨκҺ˵ɴ˫ۣ㶵ؿҶ磬ü͸һ˿ϲɫϣ
࣡Ҷ˵ͷ
ͷҶӿⱾžܰھ𣿡
˵ţκͨóһ·ѿĹľһƴС̻һٶֹףһͨڵľʯԼһӡǿƣЩƵĹ顣
ãҾԣ
ҶԸдһ΢𣬰༤ʵ
ǾһаҶˣ۳ɰ񣬹ӿɴһǹӵˣκͨŵ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷӹ˲ƵĹ飬һҳ


1792 ǧȭ
ǲܲһҪС֫ãܣ
Ҷ˫ȣ뿪κһҧгݵ˵޲óҶ⣬Ѫ
ȵСıʲôˣ
κ侲࣬۾˸֮ɫɭȻ˵
κһ˫ȣκ豻ϳ״Ϣһ㴫ųǣú֪ܶҶ硣
бҵķӦǿңǵһʱҵκ裬ҶݣҪ
Ҷųǣû֪һʱ䣬û˸ͷ񣬲ĵ飬ȴչ
һҹʱܿȥ
صںϣŲʵĹâʱһҹҶ³һ
ôҶӣ˶٣
Ȿżκ˵ΪҪҶκ˵ܽⱾż˷ɹΣ
żеĹִڵʱ̫ԶҺķһҹʱ䣬ҳ
Ҷһ˵һűʣκ׼õĹžϣдԼĹ֡
ûû
κͨѸһ߹žϵĹ֣۾ʱͨȶԣȷҶĹûκε⣬ɵöҶ߿˼ۣԽоĲ
Ҷӣ֪һҪãκͨʵ
ţԼһʱ䣡Ҷ˼һ£˵
ҶӣżκʮҪżʱܷסκңκͨŵ۳ɰҶ͸㡣
ã
Ҷ緭ҳѾżһָоżصģпµͨܲ͸ս͵̡
лҶӣѣϷ򽻶ˡ
ҶһڴӦκͨĴϲûоô뿪˺ĵصκҸ
κϼҿ廹ͨ׹͸ɣ´˹ӦÿԼ帴ԭٶȣ
Ҷ粻մκ̫ˣһ̫֮Ĺõͨ׹˳͸κͨ
ͨ׹
Ҷͨɫ̺ǿʥ֮ͨʵκͨɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
Ҷӣ̫ˣ
κͨͨ׹֪ļֵκ׵˵ͨ׹κҵļֵƷ浤
κϿˣҶ΢΢һЦκϣҪչˣĵʱ䣬Ҫκ˴ҡ
İҶӣ㱣֤κңûܴŵ㣡κͨظ֤¶ĽҶ硣
κͨ뿪Ҷڷв˽ƣһǬУʮʱ֡
κҹżеĹּɬѲ͸̫һ԰һݲ£ҶһµĹ֡
ʮգǬռŰա
ʱУҶ粻Ĺżµʱ䣬ȫ䡣
ǧȭżȻҲ²һһͨ
ʱ䣬ǧȭھӡУҶ类ǿͨס
ǿ̫ͨǿˣ
ǧȭһȭǧ⣬һȭǧͬʱǧȭͬʱµԻأһС
û뵽磬Ҿջ񣡡Ҷ¶Цݣһ뿪Ǭص˷Уƿ˳ȥ
Ҷӣż𣿡
Ҷո߳ţĵȴκͨ˾͸оˣڵһʱʵ
ҲⱾżҶˣκĿҶ罫õĹž˼κͨ
ӹžκͨͷǿ͸żУٵһ顣
ͨżͨҶĹżκͨ뵽ŨŨļ֮Уھʱûзκ⣬ҶؾһҶӴκҸмպ˺βǲκ岻ݴǡ
κϿˣҶ΢΢һЦκͨ
ҶӣŵҶ£κͨóĹ͸Ҷ硣
κϣ͸ɣˣ
Ҷ׼뿪
Ҷӣи֮룬빫ӴӦκͨסҶ
κ˵Ҷ
żκʮҪ빫Ϊκұܡκͨ
İκϣҲκ˽ģҶ˵ͷ֤
лҶӣõҶ籣֤κͨ¶Ҷӡ
ǣүү
һϮɫȹʸţ޶˵κµ˵ͷҶ뿪κҸ
ҶӣүүѾһˣǽ󲻻鷳Ҷ뿪ʱκ¿ǷĲ˵
ϣˣҶЦЦں˵£͵ɣˡ
˵꣬Ҷһ뿪ʧֵĽֵС


1793 С
Ѿͷܣ
ҶסĹԺȥʱͻȻһŭĺӵĽֵ
ɷ첲ͷӣ³ƿֵϵˣ׷һƾģɫŵС
Ҷ籾£򾪻Сʱüͷ΢΢һ£һ˿쳣Է˹ȥ
ţʲôʣ
ǿĻ͸СʱҶ緢ڻһƬԶ޷֪ʣоʵҶԾѡ
Ҫ£
ԽԽʮصСҶ֣
ҶʧСԥһ£ܵҶߣ󣬽ץĸ첲Ѱűӻ
Ѿͷҿܣ
ɷӽҶŰΧһëĴ֣ץС
ž
һİ
ץСĴ󺺣ҶһƳ˳ȥڰлһĻߣصˤ˵ϣѪ
ģҺǻҲҴҿıӵˣ
׶ӣͬ鱻ҶһƳɣʱŭˣ׷ٻƷʥҶ硣
أ
ƷʥϮҶһȭǧڽ˲䱬һ貵ǣƷʥϡ
ǣ
һ
Ҷһȭ£Ʒʥˣռ䶼Ҷһȭ£
˭ɱ˭
һȭƷʥҶɨһɫޱ䣬Ĳ׶ӣؾ
ߣ
Ҷ͸ɱ⣬׶ӵˣҾôصͬ飬ΪǱˡ
ˣҪˣ׶ӣҶ罫ĿͶСʲôм𣿡
û֣ҲûмˣСգŴ۾Ҷ磬ҡҡͷ
Ը𣿡
ߴСҶͻȻо·һЩ͸ʱоСܲ򵥣ʵ
ܸҳԵģܶҾ͸㣡С˵
û⣬ֻҪߣҪ⣬ҶŪҶЦЦ˵
Ҳϲ⣬ֻϲʥȼԽߵʥԽϲСҡҡͷ
ʥҶ΢΢һǵһμʥˡ
Ҫ֪ʥ̣Ʒʥļ̶̳ȣһͨʥƷʥ൱ڼƷͨʥӲȡ
ţ磬ܸʥ𣿡С˵СԴ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷóһƷʥݸС
ҶУСƷʥС۾״ֱʥſͣһҧ˴롣
ܳʥ
żӲޱȣƷͨʥƷʥСɿڵҶԽоѰоŴܡ
磬֪㻹𣿡
һƷʥСδ˵
УʥеǣԶ٣ͳԶ٣Ҷƴֵ˵óżƷʥݸС
лл磬Ժ͸ˣ
СӹӾ⣬ҲӼ̵ļƷʥζس¶˿ĵЦݡ
ԺҾͽİɣҶ翴˼뵥С
ã
С˵ͷɵ˵·ʮҶ磬Ժȥ
ţҶüͷһ£ǿ֣ոձԼܵɷֳˡ
ǰģˣһ˵ʵﵽǵ۷徳硣
СӴңѾͷ
׶һˣһ˵ĽֵסҶˣһ˵
ʲôˣΪζ£Һǻԣ
һɫۣ˫ֻɫͷͦΣɢϢӣ˵
͸ҹԶ㣡
Ҷ翴ǵĺӣ˵
ģôĹҺǻҿ㡭
δ˵꣬Ҷ׶ӾͱҶһָԴ꣬ѪɥȪ
µ˭
оҶһָ֮ɫ΢΢һ䣬ɫص˵
˭ǻ֪Ҷ°˵ǻ᲻ųʧǾжԶԶ
ôĿ֪Һǻı˭
ȻҶʵӲ£ջ˵
˭
ҶЦЦ˵
κҵˣκүǵӣֺ˵
κүκ裿ҶЦˣû뵽κͨովκ踸ӶˣǵǵԼ
ʶĽѾͷǣԲ˶ߣӿ˵
κܲκңҶЦ˵
ģʲôҲκүһ׶
أ
䣬ҶֵһָԴɱ
㡭
û뵽Ҷ絨ôһԲϾɱˣͷ϶ʱð˿ſź顣
ҵޣҪôκǣҪôȥɣ
Ҷ˲Ѫ׹ǽ֯ɱޱ壬˺Уһĸоĵķ߱ȫݿˡ
㣬ҵţκүκˣÿģ
ҶɢĿϢ֪ߵˣ֣ó˴Ѷ飬ڸκ贫ѶϵΣֻϵκһǰ


1794 飿
߰ɣҸطκһ
Ҷ³һʥڻߵѪеʬ壬ǣİС֣ǰС
еаţܰɣ
һǻֿҶ°ıӰˣʵ
ܣ
ں޵ĺӺ֮ززҶոɱ˵ĺֶһָоԼܣҶ缫пܳɱԼ
ֻܼϣκˣ
ԥӷܵͷһ£ԹԸҶ磬һ¶Ĳᣬڼ尾еȴκһ˵
İԱ𣿡
Ҷһ裬⣬ʧɰİѯʵ
ûУ
İҡҡСԴЩ˼˵
öǬָ㣬ʮƷʥһǧƷʥҪҶûģһöɫǬָ͸İ
лл磡
۾Сİϲ̵˵ǬָóһָСƷʥǶһ㣬ӵУζس
ʥ
һԵĺӵˣĿİʥһĻӲɳ
κһˣ
ȴһᣬҶǿоκһϢ֣¶˵Цݡ
κκӣˣ
κһκҸֳ֣ĺӳһæվ첽ӭȥ
ģĸ۵Ҫǻᣡʼκһֵ˵

ָűǶҶ磬С˵
һδɵСӣͰųˣʲôãκһѵңȥǱ𡣡
˵ţκһڵ˹
κһȷҪǱ𡭡
Ҷ绺תʢ˵κһ˵
㣬ô㣡
ҶϤףκһϵʱʧɵˡ
Ҷ統˫ȣץһҪûգκͨȴǸӶˣҪҶ磬òڶ
û뵽ǻ˲ۣǵҶ磬ѡ
ΪʲôңҶЦЦ˵κһû뵽ǸӶ˻һɵҷ湻еġ
㡭
Ҷ缥κһˡ
Ҷʵֲ̫κһһԲֱ˫ȣŭԡ
κӣʶ
Ҷ統ڳκһȴҷúӵ˸е̬ԣСʵ
ž
һİ
κһҶҶҰֻܽһŭйϡ
ģ˭ô󵨣ҶӵģҶӵǸ
ǣ
ӲΥκһԴҪǰǸ
ǸͲˣҶ˰ֵҸκӣξˣңҲ㡣
İߣ
˵꣬Ҷ˲ǮκһĿע£ǣİС뿪ˡ
ģҪΪүӳҾκβ㣬һ죬һһڵϣģ
ϻҶľ棬κһ޵ֱҧгݵзĵ
κ裬κһ˻᲻أ
뵽ֻ֮˲лκͨħƣҶ粻ɵûסκ踸Ӷˡ
Ը̫£ûȵ飬صĹԺΪİһӣ˷羰续ǬС
磬ʲôطҺϲǰ续ľɫİ˷ܵ˵
ҿռ䶴İסΣ
Ҷ翴ϴɾƯɰİ˵
ð
İ¶˿ɰЦݣһֻĺǬлš
˼ǰˣ
ٺİҶҵ֮Դ飬˵飺ǰһصС֪ǰܿ𣿡
ãҿ
黺۾ͷǿİʵ
飡һ΢΢ЩԾ磬ûпСӦ顣
飿Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵĻΪҿ
Ϊͨ飬飡˼һ£ʯ쾪˵
飡Ҷ絹һ
ƷȻ޵У۷ıһڼƷ֮ϣǾǴ˵е
ֻ磬ֻȼҶϣδ⡣
ǰûио飬δ̫СˣҶЩɵ˵
ҵĸоģֻ飬ڲŻһƬֻڵӦóһЩ⣡ӹɵ磬ЩĽˣȻ飬Ҳ⿪ܣлͨõһ
ǰİ飬ֳųǣ˵᲻ųǸҶ󵨵Ĳ²
ܣ˵ͷ
ҪųǶයһʱˣҶ


1795 ű
֪űʲô
뿪֮أҶҵһ˵򣬽κҵõ˳
ľӦʱľ֦
κͨóʱǿо꿴ѿĹľһʱľ֦һָоκűǷԼʮá
ԣƽ
ҶһԼݣͷǿ͸ʱľ֦УиŬƿ֦еĽƣ͸ʱľ֦
⣬ʱľ֦̺ľȻʱڶر仯
ʱľ֦̺ʱ壬Ҷ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ʱΪ仯ֱʱ٣ʱ٣Լʱ侲ֹ
Уʱ侲ֹΪֻʱľĲŻȰ壬ξǹʱٹ
ʱٹ򣬹ʽĪ⣬һ˽㿪ҶĹ
ʲô
ҶĵļĿͶ˿̻ŹֵĹϡ
ǹֱ֣κҹżеĹָϣ
ȻϵĹ࣬Բʱȴ֣ЩָΪϣҪ͸ÿһֵİ岢ס
Ҷʮʱгԣʱ䣬һеһδεݣÿһֵܡ
⣬Ͽ̻Ĺְôô֮
ʮʱв͸ٶ죬Ҷ͸˲ְֹ壬¶֮ɫһָо׿̻Ĺ֣пܾ֮ұԼǰڲ͸ĸ¡
һ֣ҶϲԼκҵջ̫ˣҲͨǧȭ󣬵ʱľ֦֮ļֵͲɹ
Ĳ͸ٶ죬ݵڲ͸˹ÿһŹֵİ塣
Ҷ²һϵĹ֣֮棬һʩչʩչ֮ںϣ
⿪׵ܣҶûż򣬶ǽĿͶ˵һͨڣûһ˿ľʯ
Ӳ⾧ʯļӲ̶ȿ³Ʒͨʥ˰ɣ
ҶɫʯϸϸоһᣬöʯޱȵļӲһ㱦޷ƿ
Ҷһٻ˼Ʒע嫵Ľɫһնöɫʯ
ǣ
ɫʯȻ̣ȴֵסĹ£ʯ˴ѺۣһǿѪ֮ھʯ͸˳
⣬ʲôѪ
оɫʯ͸ѪʮֵľǿҶϵЦݸŨˡ
֮Ѫ֮Ѫ
Ҷ׼оɫʯѪҺ⿪ʱ֮ԴͻȻ֣ǵ˫б⡣
ǰ˵֮ѪҶЩ˵
û۷ܵѪ˵ͷ磬ҵξѪ
κҵõģҶʵ˵
磬лȥκʣǴӺδõǺɫʯһָоξѪûұҪȣ˵
ãȥκʣ
Ҷûеʱ䣬뿪Ǭֱǰκҡ
֪Ҷ絽һֱչǧȭκͨأ˴ӼҶ硣
˼κϣˣ
ɫȣȫԭκͨҶеĲ豭վ
£κͨҶߵҶӽյΪ¡
κϣҲ㶵Ȧˣ֪͸ҵǿźɫʯҶʵ
ԭҶΪǿžʯκͨðɣҶӶκжҾͰǿžʯ㡣
ǿžʯǰӹ񼣵õģκͨ˵
񼣣ʲôطҶһ񼣣ʵ
ųܣӡųǵһؿռ䣬ԿױĴԼųͬʱƹܣϴÿ꿪һΡκͨԥһ£ǽ񼣴˵ϸĸҶ硣
񼣡ѵİҲ
κͨҶԺһͷԹ񼣲һ˿Ȥ
κϣ֪ʲôµĴеأҶ˼һᣬʵ
֪Ȼǹͬƹܣ¹ȥˣδǸ⿪񼣵ܡκͨҡҡͷ
ô˵񼣺ΣˣҶ
ǳΣգҲԹ񼣲ŨȤ澳ܣԳǿʵȴȫɥö֮Ϊ˽ôȥˣһֱ棡κͨ˵
κϣ֪´οжꣿҶʵ
ʮ࣡κͨ
ʮ꣬ôãҶüͷһôʱ䣬޷һֱȴȥ


1796 
ôҶӣԹ񼣸Ȥ˼Ҷ磬κͨʵ
ȷʵܸȤҶ˵ͷκϣ֪ʲô취ǰ뵽񼣣
õԿף۷澳Ҳ򲻿񼣡κͨ˵
κϣˣˣ
޷ǰ񼣣Ҷֻİ취׼뿪ʱκͨȴסҶӣգųһģ֪Ȥ𣿡
ģ
ҶüͷһƣԷĲһ˿Ȥ
ţԷĸȤ¶ȥκͨ˵ͷ
ãʱȥסң
˵꣬˼Ҷ磬뿪κլص˹ԺУǬУԼݣʼ͸ʱľ֦֮Լͨǧȭ
ʱһȥܿ죬ȥ졣
ҶĲ͸ǧȭʱĲлоκµϢ֣һ뿪Ǭ档
£Ŀʼ𣿡
ԡڳУף󷽵κ£Ҷʵ
ţĻڽ翪ʼ߰ɣ
κµ˵ͷҶ뿪ųǣųһɭڣĹĹڵ
ţС˭
κߣһϮɫۣκ˵ЦҶ磬¶˲֮ɫ
û֪СȻκҹ
ҿǼһǻˣϵŮҲҹ֪һˣҵӣ᲻ɱˣ
ķ˼ˣߣǸϿϣһֿˡ
˵ţ˱ſϷͷҶ
Ũ
ԽȥҶԽоԽԽŨ䵱һѾڿĹĹʱо˿ʴ
ʱɫֳֹۣߵĴڷأڵ˹ŷص
ţϢ
ҶԼݣ͸ŷǿд͸һǿĽʱоŷһϤϢ۾һ
֮Ѫŷô֮ѪϢѵܵĹѨ
Ҷ練ĸ֪ȷŷеϤϢǵ֮Ѫͬһޣ˵ŷмп֮Ѫ֮ˣ澳ܡ
˼û뵽ȻҷܵĹѨųŲܣҶ֪Ǵ˵еĹǷйϵ
ʱƣǰμӷĵԽԽ࣬ЩУųǵС˶δ
¶û뵽Ҳˣ
ҶκվһԣһһĵȴʱһͻȻ
һɫۣͷںڵĳɢ˫磬۾ݽգΧһȦɫ룬һ׶оӣͬ£˹
ӣκϵЦͻȻʧ۾и¶һ˿֮ɫû
¶˭
κ²ԼҲĿͶҶϣ˵
ҶӣǲҪȥǱ˵κҶ֣Ҫ߿
š
κҶ֣ɫһ۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫ
ΪųǶ竣ԼϵŮˣ˷ܹϵ
£Ҳ˭ҿϵŮˣ˲Ⱦָ˭Ⱦָ㣬ŤĲӡӰԵƥ˵
ٰܻҵҺûκιϵϲ˭ϲ˭һܲţκɫһ˵
ҹܲţųĴ֮һҴЦһ˵ɱ֪ҹܲܵˡ
ɱңȷ
Ȼ츳ħ磬ȼĸ֣ҶǰͲӬûʲô֮ܺɱԼɱ⣬Ҷ¶һ˿Цݡ
ϣǸӲͷϲ
ѿͣ¶һ˿ײеЦݣһڰлһӰͻȻҶ緢
ÿСӣȻǸӣ²ҲҪƤ
û취˭ۣκҹңѵ֪κҹڶţ˭ȾָУ
˶Ҷ磬Ϊʱһ޴ͻȻ
Ҷһ̤ǬƵĹؿϡ
ۣ
һѪߵķݣҶһ߷˳ȥڰзܣصˤԶҳһӡ
ʲô
ĿҶһ߷ɵһĻڳ˷˲˼ľһ˫˫͵ĿˢˢͶҶ硣
ԹԣԭǼһҲһˣ


1797 

űҶһ߷ɵӶʱŭˣĹɾ֮ƣҶ磬Ҫֽѵ֫Ϊ񱨳
꣡
һĹͷ
Ҷٶȸ죬ǧڽݿ˵ĹǺһȭ
һȭռ𶯣˲Ĺͷ˱ҶһȭɣˤǧԶû
ޱȵļž
ǰμӷĵĸ֣񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬ʵס
ѵ񼶸֣
δ̫˰ɣô񼶸֣һδ
ɱһҶ磬˽
񼶸ңҵԸưոݣҷֻ˾ѹǣ
һŭΪհΪһŮˣʵڲǰӦûΪԼçײۣ
ȻҶʵʮ־ˣ˻ǲоһ⵽Ѫȱֻʱ⡣
ģɱ㣡
ΪҴүܹȴ裬ŭһٻһǶ˶ʯﵽƷͨʥȼͷХŹҶ硣
أ
ͷϮռȾѪɫһµĹͷ緢ҪʴҶ塣
ߣƷͨʥҲң
ҶһһץµĵĻ㼯һֻ޴֣һأųǧڽѪץס˷ͷ
꣡
һ
ٻƷͨʥȼͷҶ۵ӲץˣһƬɢС
ûץͷһﵽʲôܣ
̫µˣ˵ʵ̫ˣ˵ôҵŹҴӣû뵽µʵ
¡¡
һαҶµʵʱҶһָһƥеָâǿĵ⣬͸ؿԳԽʮʱٵٶȣ
ۣ
㲻ҶһָУؿֱӱһ׷˳ȥ
ϴһĻ˾󲿷ָâҶһָԶؿڣϵ
ʵ̫ǿ񼶸֣ǲǶ֣뿪˵
صҸ֣ѸأѪߣвʵѸ뿪ˡ
ӦûĲӬ˰ɣ
ҶĿȥıӰûдɱȡվĿ˸κߣ˵
ţһţ
ǰҺ֪ܷ죡
˵Ҹоһûнҷ˵ǴֱϵӣҲߵǲˣ
Ҷǿ̬ʱո߸߹˰Уг˿˿ů⡣
ˣڿĹ
һɫɫ΢΢Щ԰ףӲߵӣɨһۣҶ磬
׼ʮ󺺣׵ĹѨһޱȵצץסĹѨһƵĹŹףһ㽫شڽĹŹ״ĹѨ˳
Ϣ֮ѪǴŹɢģ
شڽͨڣӡǿƵĹŹףҶ۾ŹײŨȤ
صĹŹףв֮ˡ
ԼʱĹеȫڷ棬Ź״ڵʱ̫ԶѾ𻵣Ѿû˼ֵ
ˣڿʼģ
ȻѾãǻзģΪֹˣõм©õ˾춯صı
ҶɨһһűСľʯžʯһĻΪʴʱ̫Ҫ뷢öķҪһ
ҶӣЩп۵𣿡κվҶߣʵ
ûУЩûֵ̫
Ҷ۽缫ߣö벻ۣҡҡͷ
Ҳˣκ··ʮҶ磬Ҳûм뵽С
вֶЩŨȤ׷׳۾ġ
ԼһʱʮƷȫϡ
ˣڽ֪Ҫ𣿡ĸݵĺӴʵ
ҪǮ
һֱĬҶ˵ˡ
ļۣһƷʥ
ӿһ۸ոմѵҶ磬˵
ãҳһƷʥҶ˵ͷƴֵ
һƷʥ
һѵǴֱϵӣ
ųһֻͨƷʥԸóƷʥʶҶĴֱʣ˷˵
һƷʥмӼ۵𣿡û뵽Ҷĳˣ¶һ˿ϲɫʵ
ãȻûУ׾λã
ȴһᣬİҶ˽ףص


1798 ʬ
ҶӣŹʲôرֵ㻨һƷʥ
κһʵҶ˽⣬оҶһԩǮҶϻôǮף⡣
ȴ֪һƷʥ˵ۣҶ˵ʲôҶİʥֵͳһƷʥ
ڻ֪һȥо²֪Ҷҡҡͷ˵
صųǣҶκ·ֿصԼĹԺ˹Ժƣ뵽ǬУ׼ݺúоһ¡
ƽ
ҶһʥӳĻ꺣һ˹ŹױĽƣƿ˺صĹ׸ǡ
ʱһɹ׾ϢڹŹ˳ǬɢǬ˵飬ԼһƬУζƷʥİ
ʬŹһ߸ʬ
ŹŹУȫɱʱܷ绯ĸʬҶ۾ȴ
ȻʬûмֵҶȴڸʬио֮ѪϢ²ʬǰп֡
磬ҵ߸ʬ
ҶߣŹŹеʬ壬˵
ҽμӷģųĵõģҶ罫龭˳
ûпһ壬ǰӦ漶֡ǵ˫бâŹŹеĸʬ˵
Ȼܣ
磬Һˣ
Ҷ׼񼣵¸ʱգŴ۾İͻȻʯ쾪
İ
Ҷɴ˫ۣԾؿİǵ˫жâ
Ҳǲ̫ˣǸоûмǴӦһ壬ԴӦһİŬػ
Ȼ壬ӦǱһ˺ԣش꣬Ӷȥģ
ҶѸټһ¸ʬֺİ˵һ㣬һ޹⣬Ѻ۵壬һɼĽۡ
İú룬㵱ʲôطҶԽоİѰʵ
ڵµһռ䣬ǸռʮֵɭסһʮֿµĶħΪɱǸħ˺ܶܶˣ󡭡Ҽǲסˣ˵˵ţİͻȻסСԴɫò԰ףԵ쳣ʹࡣ
İ˵Ǹطǲǽй񼣣ҶʵһָоİҲҲڹ񼣡
񼣡ǰɣˣİŬӦҳһţŬ䶼Ҳͷ
磬ʲôطʵ
ųܣκϼ˵ǵ֮Ѫڹ񼣣һɹйأҶ˵
֮Ѫ񼣵бҪȥһˣ˵
´οʮʱ䣬ܴ뿪񼣵ȫԿףҶ˵
ô뿪Կ׺𣿡ʵ
ѣ׼Ҹڣ˿񼣵ȫԿףҶ̫Ҫ޷ﶺʮ꣬׼ֱԿף񼣡
ţ鷳˵ϷȻδһ漶ܻѣԹ񼣲ŨȤԵ
ǰͷ˰ɣһнңҶ΢΢һЦŵ˵
ˣ㽫ʬңطҲǽã˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷʬ顣

ôˣʲô˳ıӵ
صӴʱȻ󲨡
μĸףһϮɫȹɫͿױɢϢԼӵĲ״ɫޱȣ߳ŭ
Ҳ֪ҵǸСκߵĺܽκйأ
뵽ҶԼĳ裬ͺ޵ֱһҪ
˭Ҵ㣬ңҶ֮ءһ򻤶̵ɭȻ˵
κͨͻȻȬʱǷͻҶħ񾳽׷˵
ʲôκָͨ۷ʵκʼղңǿƵ˵κҲ֪ôάСӣҶǳԲ˶ߡ
ڼҺúˣΪʹ˽Ǹ֪ߵغСץԵ˵
Ҫһȥ
ҪκǸ˵棬СȫĹͷ֪Ե³ҧгݵ˵ԺѾֳĥҶֶΡ
ãߣ
˵꣬ųӵȨŵ˴Ʋڵ뿪ңǰκңҶ硣


1799 ҵ
ôˣ
һڵκʱκҼκҺԼκһҡ
κҺҲΪκңʶĹԹԽ֮ˣǲݣ
һϮɫȹؿκҺв
˭ˣ
һʦģκҺüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ģҶЩСͻˣȺеκ»˳˵
ҶӴģκҺ˳
κӵͻܴ£Ҷ粢κˣοҶܲ򵥣κһҪȽύܽҡ
κҺҵޣ첻ǸҶĽݹҶκҲؾ
磬˵СӲʲôöҿ罫κ⵽֣֮κһȰ˵
ҶӶκж۶ԴҶὫκҺһ
磬㲻Ϊһˣκƽ𿻣ҵжԾǵѡ񣡡κȰ˵
Ҫ˵ˣѾκҺ˰ֵҶκҵĹͣˡҲܽ㡣
ͣô˵κִҪˣ
һǿϢɢ֮ǿԶԶκҺˣòκʵõӵܣһֺѵĸо
κҲҰĵط
κҺ¶ǿһ棬һ̤֮ԡ
úúãκҺ°ܽҲԣҵҪкʱң
۾ɱһӻһӰԳԽٶȹκҺ
һָԼٶȷ賤κҺĿѡ
ƣ
ٶȼϮκҺĺµʥ֮ͼֳ壬һƾ˵ƣֵסĹ
¡¡
˶ƴһƣռ׹߰衣
ħʥ
ͫһԲ״Ťһ¡
һ̣зѳħӰλκҺ
ʥ
ѳħӰκҺʩչκҴµͨ׹籡壬ΧγһƿµУϯѵĻħӰ
κҺôȥˣʵûо٣
ħӰƣУµİ֮ʥͼһڰ֮һƿУһеնɫ΢κҺٻһƷͨʥȼķӡȫֵ
䣡
Ӳûĺڰ֮κҺͷͨ췽ӡһ£µķ֮ͬĳˮвκҺ壬Ӳ
κҺ㲻ҵĶ֣Թɣ
촽΢̣¶һ˿Цݣһ̻ƣͨɫǿħļƷͨʥУ֮նκҺ
ۣ
ȻκҺͨ췽ӡֵס˺ڸһֲ̫ڸ֮͸ӡݺݵغκҺϣϵѪڵϣɫɷһƬ

κҺУѪˣκһ˹ȥסҡҡ׹ӣóһŸɾΪøɾѪ
һԹ۵κȴ¶ֻı顣
κҺҵޣһ飬㽻ǸҶСӣ
ͷżƷͨʥȼĺڸ߰ĺڰŮʣƲκҺ˵
ҶκҹҲὫ㣡κҺǿӲ˵
úúãȻκҴɱˣɱڵ˵
䣬ͷĿռͻȻŤɫſµȭâױȵѹȸУ
ţ
оȭĿ£ɫ΢΢һ䣬ͷļƷͨʥڸȫӭ
䣡
ı
ڸӲɫȭâĽڽڰˣµĸâǱȭˡ
κҲҰĵطٲ뿪ݹϷ㲻
Ķκͨˣ̤Żҵһϵľ
κͨ
оոȭ֮üͷ΢΢һ£оոȭ󣬸Լ˲Свκκͨɵĸ߿˼ۡ
κΪУҶĳ𲻵òκҲֻ֣ǲݣ˵
ߣΪκҾǣκͨһҪݣκҷ㡣
úúãϣħ񹬵˵κһ
˵꣬Щ˼ɵûٳ֣סеŭ𣬴Ҹ־Ҫȥ
ת֮ʣκҴŴվһͦεӰƲ񿴵Ӱʱ׵¶֮ɫ


1800 һն֮
С˵ң
û뵽ʱ̣Ҷ羹Ȼˣ¶֮ɫָ
·㲻ߣ㴳ȻˣǾɡ۾͸ŨŨ֮ɫҶ磬Ҫشϵ֫
ס֣Ҷκҹ붯֣Ϸһе
κͨû뵽Ҷ֣Ҷļֵ³⣬Ҷǰ
κͨħκң
Լκͨ޵ֱκִͨάҶ磬ԼȷʵܻҶ硣
Ϸʮ꣬һ仰µģκͨǿӲ˵
úúãκͨҵţһᱨģ
κ̬ͨȣ֪κβҶ磬һݻҪ뿪
ºκ޹أҴģҪͳɣ뿪ʱҶȴͻȻסǣ˵
Ҷӡκͨİ
κϣκҵĶҼˣҶ𣬻ɣҶκͨĻɫݵ˵
СҶܣ
ȻҶʵǿǿԼĸףһ˵
𣿡
Ҷ۾ɱһһâӳĻ꺣ٶȼն
ʥ꣡
նĺɫâɫ΢䣬ƼƷͨʥڸȫӭ
ڸֵסʥ깥ʱȴ뵽ŭС
Ҷһ㣬ͻȻصǰǯӰ֣סĲӣֱӽᵽ˰С
Сٷ壡
ΣգȻŭľ
Ųң
˵ţҶ΢΢񾪿ֵĿע£ĺԴ꣬նɱ

ֻһӣĿҶԴһĻ뵽У۾ҲѪɫһ㹥Ҷ硣
κͨκҺ˸ǱǰһĻˡ
û뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬾ȻɱΨһĶӡ

Ҷ̤һǧڽ˲䱬һȭǰĿռҵĲµȭâһռ䣬ݿƵĹһȭ˳ȥ
ף¸ô죬Ҷӵڻɱ񣬵ҽ𣡡κҺüͷһ𣬵ǵ˵
о̬ȫʧأΪ˸񱨳𣬼пϼˡ
ҾҶӲ³ç֮ˣɱӦûнҷǡ;ɣκͨҲû뵽̬ᷢչزоҶЩ³çˡ
ħʥ
סڷѪ˲Ϣ֮û˵ĪĲӰеռ䣬һֹ
˴ӰͬʱͷĺڸҲЯž֮նҪһٽҶش
޼
ĴɱϮҶȴ¶֮ɫΡߴĻľֳ壬ڰҡҷͷųй⣬ֱ˽İ˴Ӱ
һ̣Ҷֻն䣬ľ˲仯һµĽâһնؿռ䣬ֵĿע£ն˼Ʒͨʥڸһն
ۣ
ѪӱҶһնɣصײһӲļɽϣɽײ飬ĵ˵ϡ

ĿǰһĻǰҸֱҶʵˣѸصߣؿһĿĽ۵
úúãС֣һᱨģ
û뵽Ҷʵ˵ĿֲԼĶ֣ΨһĶӣɱ֮𲻵òһݻ׼뿪
˵𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һκҴŴסˣɱȻ
ô㻹뽫Ƕɱ˲ɣ
ǵҶ磬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ջ˵
ѣɱ˲ɱˣҶһЦԵ˵
㣡
ը˷ΣдҶ۾͸ɱ⣬һָоҶûŻ˵ҳֻɱ
ҶģҪұվħ񹬣ɱǣ㻹κҾ͵ħ񹬵ıɣؾȴ֡
ħ񹬣ûҶҡҡͷ
㡭ˣĿͶΪѵκͨκϼκѵҪħΪУҪ֪ħǰ棬Ůˡ
Ҷӣɷһӣ߰ɡ
Ҷħ񹬣κȴҵ뵽ħ񹬵Ŀ£κͨ̾Ϣһ
ãҸκӣǹɣ
κͨеĹ˼ɣҶûΪѣÿһ·뿪ˡ


1801 ħ
Ҷӣִˣͷ⣬ɱưոݵģ
뿪κͨ̾Ϣһ
İκϣһһ˵ҶԻὫκҵģҶ΢΢һЦں˵
ߣ˵ɣ֪ħ񹬵Ŀ£ħҪκңκҿް֮գκһ
ָ𣿡Ҷͫһκ裬ؾҺκн飬κн飬ûн飬ðң顣
㡭
ô㲻ţҶЦһҸҵҵ棬ŤĲӣ˵ҸҲŤĲӡ
裬ҶҲðģҶӵǸ
κͨʶҶ޷죬Ҷɱκ裬ݿܵ
ҡҶӣֻǵκңð㣬£
뵽ҶŤӣŹһĻκ侲òҧʣ
˵ˣһһħ񹬣вκңҶ˵
ҶӣȻʵǿ󣬵ħ񹬿棬ǧ򲻵ô⣡κͨѵ
ѣûʲô˵ģҶ¶һ˿Цݣκͨ𾪵Ŀע£ת뿪ˡ

Ҳ飬ҵҪҶʲô
ԹȴԷģ㾡һУҲҪɱҶ磬Ϊ񱨳
ǣ
Ѫɫ۾ҸһԹԵش
Ǳ뿪κң澡ʧûзң뿪ųǣħΧħԵħ
ħ񹬣ħһħιħ򣬶ҶɱǵĶӡ
֮Ӳѹκңųųǵڶ壬ħ񹬡
ˣһҪ𰡣
ǧħ񹬣ҵ˱չصħ˽ĻУ
ʲôˣħȻ֪һӣ츳ϲ֪Ϣħջѣʲôô󵨣ҶҲɱ
һҶСӣҵ棬ɱһ߿ߣһͼӴ׵Ľһħеŭ
˵κһֱάСӣ
ĿߣħɫԽԽ
ţκңҲô
мκͨΧʹκͨҪħ񹬵֣κҡ
ȵȣ˵κͨƲȬʵħüͷ˵
ţκͨǸƥ֣԰ٷְȷȬˣ˵ͷ
ⲻӦðκͨħƣҲӦôȬѵκĻи˲ɣħ뵽˼Уǽκһƽ𿻵Ļ֡
Ͼӣ׹⣬ĳ㲻ܲ
˼еħҡֱۣİ
İɣĳԻᱨһǸСھȥħ§ӣ֤
пھȥ𣡡ħĻУ
ȵһκңκǷħҡҡͷ˵
İɷκҵһһҵļ£ҿԱ֤κûаǿ϶˵
ǵһºã
ħȻħһ̫࣬ʵɱħ񹬵ĸֺܶܶ࣬ǾһҶ磬һЩκңٽб
Ǻðɣġ˵ͷòסеɱ
ΪȰ˵ħ챨סħ񹬣ȻոɥӣħҾֻܾеıʹźźƮƮɡ
Լʱ䣬ħȥųǵ߻ˡ
ģҶСӺɢޣκҲûаϳ֪һϢħ۾κͨûнڶԸκңҵġ
ߣ·ȥųǸȥ
ħƤŮһ㣬͸һ۹⣬ɢų˵
ãһҪְСƤΪ𡣡ҧгݵķĵ
ħ֣׼ǰųǸʱħȴͻȻ⵽Ϯħ񹬴ˣħ뵽С
֪ħ񹬴ű˴ݻٵϢħը˷Σħ񹬸ָ˹ŴҪ֪Ǻ˳ıӵҴݻħ񹬴š

һϮɫȹ¶ŴƬѩ׼ķϵ°ݹ֮ϵӰʱ۾ɵùԲͬ˹


1802 ޵
ʶ
ŵɴ˫ۣһ˼ħħɫʵ
ǸҶģɱģ
عɱ˫ۣҧгݵؿҶ磬޲óԵ⣬ȵѪ
Ȼ
ħüͷ΢΢һ¶֮ɫû뵽Ҷ絨ôɱ񲻵ӣħҫħš
ѵɢޣӵ챳֮ˣ
СãһҪʬΣΪ𣡡ɱڵ˵
ģҶЦЦ˵
£㵽ʲôˣ
ŴݵҶ磬ħüͷĸˡ
ҵǹƥɱħ񹬣ҪôͽҪô̡
ͨҶıȻͽ̤ħ񹬣вΪ̡֪
ʲôˣ֪ҶԵƥ˵ֻҪ֪ӽ罫ûħ񹬡
ôĿΪ˭ħ񹬵һһħ񾳽ħ񹬴ջ˵
䣬Ҷĳһɫ磬Ҷһӡɫ绮Ʋ񷣬ٶȾ˵ĺ
ϵȻֻǰͨʥҶʵǿϵĹҲ
¡¡
һ춯صı
ϵ繥£ոպǳҶһħ񱻺ɱˣһ⣬
һԲϾɱ˵Ҷ磬ħը˷Σ۾͸֮ɫ
úúãС֣ħɱˣ㲻ã
˵ţħиֳһöƴС̣עʱ̲ϵرڽУħǿĻ
ħ񹬵δ̫һЩ
ͷһƷͨʥγɵĻҶ¶һ˿м֮ɫ
һ̣측Ҷͷٵҡһֻչ׵ĲסҶͷռ䡣
Ʒͨ죡
о͸ĿϢħɴ˫ۣ¶֮ɫ
Ʒͨ켫Ϊħ񹬴¶ûУҶóֵȼ죬ͬһ㡣
ħħ겻Ҳǵ̣Ҷٻ죬ħȻû
Ʒͨʥħ񹬶Կδ̫ˣħ˵ʮħɱɱ顣
ಣ
ħ䣬ʮħ񾳽ܷɳħ񹬣ֳʮƷͨʥȼħһħͷ޴ͼӳ
󷨣ãҶ米˫֣°Ȼû¶һ˿ţ·ħ񹬵ƣȻ벻ۡ
ɱ
ħһ£ʮħͬʱ֣һ콣âгʮħɱڰһʮɳնѵصħնҶ硣
ʮɳħϮҶٻͷ湭ǧڽͷ湭
һĵһɫ͸ؿռ䣬һʮɳħϡ
һ˫˫Ŀע£ʮħɱ֯ħҶһ䱬ˡ
Ȼ
ͷ湭ħɴ˫ۣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ǿıħ񹬴궼ûһҶȴó
ҿҶеͷ湭۹ħоͷ湭ͨƷпƷ
һﵽʲôˣħҶˡ
ҲٽҶĵ̣иĪĲŨŨĲ
ݣ
һҶͷ湭˵ڶ
ƾ˵ĽɫʮħɱϣµĹ˲佫һħ񹬸ɱˡ
ţҶ·ӵʹϵͷ湭ʮħɱ
ÿһһħ񹬸ֱɱһѪڰУ˲
ӵǿԿģǸζԸ
գ֮䣬һħ񹬸ֱҶɱ޴סħ񹬣ոŵħ񹬸ȫʵˣòѯɫħ
ȥأ
֮ɺ֮£ħƻγƵĹɱƣҶ磬Ŵħ񹬸֣˵أҪ֮ԿҶ硣
һ񣡡
Ҷͷ湭䴩ʮħɱʱٻ˷ħħںһ𣬻һ֮⻪񽣣һ˳ˮϮĹɱƣħ񹬻ϡ
¡¡
Ҷһ񹥻һɼѺڴӣһƷͨʥǲϵ顣
һҶħ񹬻ѣҲӰ첻
㵽׸ʲôУ
ĿҶһѻһĻŵħһ£ɫ԰׵
ȻŮˣϲʱ˿̣
ңҲ֪
ҲҶµʵס˵
Ҳû뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀֲħ񹬶Ƕ֡
֪Ҷǿ󣬾ǸһٸӣҲҶ鷳
ģȽˣ
ħֵһ߸ħ洫Ѷһ߿ħأҪ֮ԿҶ磬ɱ


1803 ֮
ߣΪУҾκβˣ
Ȼħ񹬵غǿԶԶҶأȣħظв
ƣ
Ҷ籩һĴʥͼ籡壬ڽ˷ħУ˷ħа˰ƣһնֲĽâֱ̲񷣬ͬʱΪ֮ɫһƿ֧Ļ
һ̣˫ƳҶ壬˫һȣ޾Ŀ磬ڻҵ˴̶׷ɱӽصħˡ
󣬿
Ǳӽħٿ״ʯƳ˺ɫأһµסء
һ̣ħӰ㣬峤ǧ׵ĴߣųоҶ緢˻
ţ飡
ӰĴߣҶ۾һһۿߣħ顣
û뵽ħ񹬵Ȼ飬ԭʼ̥飬˵ܽǵ棡ײеߣҶ粻ϲһٻԭʼ̥
Ϣ漶
оԭʼ̥ɢϢеħɫ䣬ҶӵȼķԺɨǡ
ҶӣħΪУʹ˰ݣԸ⽫㣬㴦ã
ҶĿ£ħвŨŨĹ˼ɣһץѪɫ

û뵽ħΣʱ̾ȻѡԼȫħ񹬣ɪɪ
ģ㣬ħҶΪ𣿡ħ¶֮ɫ
˵ˣӽħ񹬣㽫ңҲı䲻ʵ
ҶڰУ߳ŭħ¶Եһ棬˭˵
֪ҪſϷŹħأ
ʱһɫ²һ֣ͷѩףʵħҪǿἸֵ߳ˡ
ˣħ֮һ̫ϳħһֻѾ̤澳
ħңҵǿԿǷŹǣҶʨӴ󿪿ڵ
ħ񹬵ĸˡ޷Ӧ£ħ۾͸һ˿ŭ֮ɫֱӾܾ
ȻǾûʲô̸ˣҶս߰˵ӽħ񹬡
˵ţҶȼ˺Ѫں˲佫ʵһǵ棬ٵͷ湭һص
䣡
һı𣬰ɫϵعƼµ󣬺󲻶ϵزµħ񹬶
£ְɣȻӵħ꣬ʵƲ¿֣ħԸ½Ϊ
ħħģȰ˵
ǲ䣡
ȼպ֮ѪҶӵ޽ߵϵͷ湭ȫعž޴һơ
£ٲ֪ôݹϷˣ
ҶԼȰ˵ţϵͷ湭ɫԽؾ
ķϻ࣡Ҷؼ
úúãȻϷȫ㣡
֮飬ɱ
ħﲻϧڱ֮Ѫڽ֮߰УǷɱҶ硣
˻˻˻
ӵҶ֮Ťǧ׳Ƴ˳Ҳſ˲ѪڣҧҶ硣
ã
Ҷû뵽ħﾹȻ֮뿪󹥻ԼٻȼĹ졣
Ͽռ䣬
ɫԴԴϵڽУƹٵҡ֯ƣռ䣬סײе֮顣
㣬ԭʼ
ţҶٻԭʼԼԭʼ̥һƽƵĿռУֻ֮飬Ҫɵ
棬漶죡
о֮Լʧȥϵħ֮ɫˣ޷Ҷһӵô
ô棬̫аˣݾ򵥣
Ҷٻ漶죬ס֮飬ħĸӵĲ΢΢Щŵ˵
ɵˣվԭأһƬհס
ֶȻͨ죬ʵҪƿħҲף˴ĵһɱȥҲתƣħ۾˸׹⣬˵
Ҳֻôˣħ̾ϢһԽǵ
ħ˽һϣʱҶгһɳͨڣŹâ
һ̣Ҷ֮ȫĽɫգע뵽УƷǿһն
꣡
̺ϵնˣµݺݵնħ񹬺ɫϣѿһ׵ĺ蹵
ֲһĻħˣĵ뵽Ԩ


1804 ˫
⣬ʲôȼ
Ȼħħ˽˲Ϣ㿪ĿرѵһĻħ񹬸뵽˾Уȫ±һƬ
ħﱾΪԼѾ߹ҶˣҶͷһйâԼСҶˣֶκ͵̣ѾԶԶԼ
ǣǰѺɫƷ߼Ʒɣ
ݣ
ħħ˱ĹʱҶѪָĵĵһ˲˱С
棬Ǹô죿
ħû뵽Ҷʵ˵ǿ飬
Ѿû·ȫһսɣ
֮鱻ƣħ񹬱˾·ֻƴȫһս
ã
ħҧһħ˫˫ʩչطͨǿںħ֮Ӳʵһħ澳硣
һħ𣿡
оħħ˵ʵҶɫȴûһ˿仯¶ΨҶİħ˷
ħ񹬵ȫ˭ܻΪҶв̫ħò㾡еԸ
ħ˵ħ񹬵ӷ׷ȼǿѪٻǿ飬ͨʥҶ磬Ҫ֮ɱҶ硣
䣡
ǵصıϮҶ籬ǧڽӭȥµѹһУϵؽһˡ
̣
ƲɵҶ磬ħƲڽµĹ̲ϵرŷĵ⣬һ仺ʢ֯ĵ⣬Ҷ硣
ħٻ˼ƷͨʥȼĹӣһڱ֮ѪŹӱ̻ƣ쵴ͬһʱ乥Ҷ硣
ǧȭ
űϮҶ罫Ĵݵ£Ϊһ޵еսһء
һȭͷݻĴʥͼ˴ȭӡһſ׹䷲ǣϵعű
䣡
Ѱı𣬿µ죬ϵƲը飬ħأǱɿֲĶײþҵĲѿһѺۡ
꣡
ȻҶոǧȭ޷ͨǿĹͨĹ̫£ƷͨʥԵֵġ
һȭӡ£̺͹Ӳϵѣδֵܵסǧȭһǰȭâ˳ȥ
Ҷģͬھɣ
ҶʩչͨǿƵħ˹ʱͻȻҶ磬Լ֮Դʥ飬ԼҶ緢һ
䣡
ʥ鱬ըҵձըˣµıը֮ĢƣֱҶ磬ƻ塣
ûᣡ
Ҷ类Աʱħħ˴ϲںǿʵǧħ񹬸һͬҶ磬Ҫô˻Ὣɱ
ĿռޱȵļӲһ˺ѽƳռڶ⵽ħ˵ĹҶڵĿռһ׵ĺڶ
ħΪҶʱһ°ɽĹӻҵĿռ˳
⣬ôܣôû£
źҶ磬ħħ˵ɴ˫ۣǰһĻз·˹
ףף
ͻȻħҶ棬һ׿̻Ƶսֱ߽֡
ʲôʱȿµһôħźš

ħԽԽ־ʱҶѳ˾ɱħˡ
٣
ţҶ˫ע˴ĽɫŲ˫ǿĹٶȣڰлһӰɱħ񹬸֡
ۣ
Ҷ缫ٶԼ£ħ񹬸ҵƮŨŨѪȾѪɫ
棬Ҷֲ̫ˣף֮޷ƿش
ŶϲĲҽħԽԽ֣һŹһߴħ
ѵҪĵ𣿡
Ȼħؼ٣ħ񹬻еƣֻǸֻܶΣʷУħѾùΣֻʣһλᡣ
ҶɨҶոħ񹬸ֵħ֪Լûѡ
ħ񹬵ϣ㲻׼׸ħ˰ɣħҧ촽ҪľģҲһ̣ϰꡣ
׼
ħһͻȻ壬¶˲ϵ꣬ħ£ʩչطͨںϿƮŨŨѪ׼ԼһУ뵽֧
һ̣Ѻ۵زһɹɺڰ·緢ĻɽѺ˳˲佫ռȾɫ


1805 ڰħ
ţû뵽ħлȴڣȻС
о籡ĺڰҶ¶֮ɫǿ͸Ѻۣظоһǿˡ
ڰħˣҪħ񹬣ħ˳֣նɱУħƽ
о˯ĺڰѣħϲ˫ȹ˵ϣϵ˵
꣡
ħ䣬һĥ̻Ҫ󣬲ǿħƳ֧أֱӽƬĵץˡ
ţزԽ߳ȫźɫħ⣬ֱһǿ׳ĺڰħƿ˵棬ӵص˳
ħ棡
оڰħʵҶҲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫʵȻնɱһ漶ֶ֣ͨħȴǶ֡
вĺڰħ棬Ҷȴûٻ֣׼ǺڰħúüһսУٻնɱС
ҴӦ棬ħƽǵλˣĻᣬҽ뿪ڰħװòʵõˣĤۡ
ħˣնɱУΪħһ
ħڰħѣƿҶڵϿ
ԣ
ڰħ˵ͷ˫бʵʵĹâҶ硣
ߣħҲɱңδ̫ˣҶһٻƷɽһշħһշɽ·ʣ˺ڰħ档
һϵж
ҶУ͸ǿϵķɽħɵĽҶ̡
һһѾոˣҶһˣ߰˼Ʒ߼Ʒ
¡¡
Ҷֳ˫潣Ϯڰħһȭµȭâĥ̴Сµĺڰ⣬ֵסҶնâ
ʥ꣬ڣ
ڰħһȭƵҶʥڽ˷ɽУŷɽ̻ڰħ淢
ڰħ£ʵֲ̫ˣҶֳ˫潣ĹھƵ޷ħ֮
ȫУҶ绹ڰħ淢ĹˣȫѪҵط
ڰΣ
ԵʵҶ磬ڰħſͣ˴ĺڰ֮⣬γһڰΣֱӽҶ棬ԽԽС塣
ҶģͷҲûˣƳħĵƣɣ
ħ¶֮ɫҶ类ڰħƣתǬĻᡣ
ľƣ
Σʱ̣ľƳҶ壬ҡҷŻй⣬˺˺ڰΣݺݵس˺ڰħ棬ıɱһ
ľôлľ
ҶͷҡҷŻйĻľڰħɴ۾¶֮ɫ
ľһľʱľռľ֮ϣһľѾδˣԿҶٻ˻ľڰħ汻סˡ
ħ»ڣڲˣ
Ҷ̾ϢһΪ˱ػľܣֻܴɱ䣬Ѫϴħ񹬡
죬ƿռ䣡
Ҷһٻ죬첻ϵرҡҷһ޴ĹǵأħС
ɱ㣬ܴϵõٺö
ҶͷĻľڰħ¶̰֮ɫоҶܽնɱԼ˵ܽҶһıԽǼѵһͻƵħ澳硣
ʥȼգսħ֮
ڰħ淢һ쳤Хϧһȼʥˣ仯ǿսħ֮ƥսƶʵڽڵ
Ҫƴ𣿿ϧûã
˵ţҶƻľ˺ڰħ档
ȼʥˣڰħսħ棬һսΨһʹĹܵ˼Ӱ죬ԻľĹһʱҲûа취
ʱԭʼ̥һ֮顣
ɣ
ԭʼ̥ȫѨϣ֮飬ʵ
ʮԭʼͻƵǵ
ţͻƵ˰棬ս
ԭʼ̥ʵʱֺ֮飬ɣʵ
о֮鱻ҶһĶãϹڽУǿ˿ռƣȫħڸֵ·˲ݵС
Ҷƻľڰħ漤սȻ׶ʱҶԭʼ̥ں֮֮飬Խǵ֮
ţԭʼ̥Խһǵ档
Ϸʱˣ
Ҷһٻʵǵԭʼ̥һ𣬹˺ڰħ档


1806 ħ񹬣
¡¡
ԭʼ̥ͬʱһȭգݿ˺ڰħ壬һȭ˳ȥؿڰ˴ƬĺɫѪҺʳ
ڰħ棬㻹ɱ𣿡
Ҷԭʼ̥ս⣬첻֣Ҳնɱڰħ档
Ѫȼգ
ڰħû뵽Ҷʵ˵ǿ󣬲ϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮ѹסƣҶ緢
ɱ
ڰħϮҶԭʼ̥ȫӭ
ԭʼ̥յһȭ˺ڰħ塣
ȭâڰħû㣬ǳȥ
أ
ԭʼ̥ڰħͻȻˡ
һЩڰħ汬ͻȻ٣˲Ϣ֮䳬Խԭʼ̥Ҷǰһ
ǧȭ
ڰħĹȻ죬ҶȴţĴʥͼݵ£˲Ϣ֮˽ǧȭâǰĿռ䣬ֵס˺ڰħıɱһ
һ񣡡
ţҶ뵽˹켣У˿նħһأﲻư˺ڰħ档
ڰħ潻֯ǿĺڰ⣬ӲֵסһһʱƷͷһնգնɫ΢ĺڰħ棬µĹӲˡ
ڰħ汻ʱԭʼ̥ץסᣬͬʱ̣˺ڰħĺ󱳡
ǣ
̵Ĺ£ڰħӲ岻ϵ飬ʹڻҵдħ뵽С
ôѵħ˶Ķ𣿡
źڰħ汻󱳵һĻħ뵽ؿֻС
ʱ͸Ա˵ɱ
ħڵͻΧ뿪
ڰħˣʧأħٽϣںڰħϣѵħڸ֣ȫĴƵĿռ䣬ҪѸ뿪
ĴγɵĽֲ̫ħʹ޷˺ƽơ
ޣѪʨȸٳ
ȫĴħˣҶٻ֣ԭʼ̥ħˣոǵ
ҶӣħԸ⳼㣬̧ǣ
ħ˵ֵסޣȸ͵ĹŶϲҽħϵġ
ëǺƺҲûãүүһȭ
ޱһȫǿħһȭ
ħԵʵֵס޹ʱԭʼ̥һȭâϵعħ壬ǿĹڽڰˣ˴Ѫ
ħ񹬸֣ڿȸƵ͹²ʱҶԭʼ̥һش˺ڰħ档
أ
Ҷҡľ£ڰħ汻ľɫڳ˳ȥؿѪģӴҳһӡ
ħ£
ƲϵؼأڰħȫѪ˲ûٿħ­̶ХΧҶ硣
ͷ湭ƣ
ٿħ­ϮҶͷ湭һϵ䱬źڰħѪħ­
᲻ɴݵԭʼ̥ħ­Ḷֳ́źڰħ棬һǿ塣
΢࣬ͱһµɣ
ԽԽأ֪ĺڰħûģӲӲȫһһеĿҶ磬Աһ
䣡
ڰħħ棬ԱֲµԱ˲Ϣ֮佫ԲĿռը˿ռڶ֧ݡ
ˣ𣿡
ѪȫħڰħԱʥˣһռʱҶϢͻȻʧ¶һ˿ϣ
ֻҪҶˣƿռĴ֮ûĴƣʵлӳġ
ԣΪʲôռ仹ƣѵû
ħͷǿ͸ռʱֿռûһ˿ļϣֵ뵽Ԩ
źڰħԱһĿռ޸ʱһ°Ӱħǰ
ôܣôûˣ
𣬻ӰҶ磬ħɵۡ
أ
ħԿհʱԭʼץסᣬھһȭؿϣһȭ䴩壬ش
ʱҶְϣԵѻꡣ
ԭκҵͽ㣡
Ҷ۾һ⣬΢΢ħԴ꣬ɱ
ħһħ񹬸ɾ
Լʱħ񹬱һ˼ħеĵȫҶնɱˡ
ħ񹬣Ҷħ˵ԼħղءԴͲʥȼѪɺӣҰħ񹬣ת뿪ˡ


1807 ûħ
ף㲻ҪִԲˣκٲҶնϹϵһᱻǣ⵽ħѪȱģ
Ҷʧκ踸Ӷҵκͨ˵ϵϵȰ˵
ǰүүǲΪһ˶壡κһ˵ҽ㲻˵ҶͻȻʧˣϲӦúħ񹬱·ˡ
ҶӾǵС֮ˣܵģκҡҡͷӹɵ˵
ҶӲǷˣҵڽѵ̣κҺ˵ͷ͵
磬ô㻹ִԲ򣬻ǸҶ硣κ̾ϢһҪ֪ħ񹬲κҿǵģ֣ҶǰĶ֣ħ֣һֻ־ѹκȰ˵
ħǿҪɱųǣҲҪϾǹҲǰ֣ݲǺκҺͳ˵
磬̫Сħˣ
һ˵ħ񹬿ܲĶԸǣҪħ񹬵Ŀ£ǼǺޣκҿް֮գ
УħŮˣʵֳǣǸŮԸ񣬾ưոݣٷԵ޹ħ֮£κ費ϵ
Ļ޵Ҷ򵥣ħ񹬣ǣ侲κͨҲ뵽µĿº̾Ϣһ
ȻκͨܿҶ磬Ҷ޹ʧһˮκͨУ뵽κǧˣκͨоԼȷʵӦýеĶעѹҶϡ
ףʵ²Ѱ죬ֻȥҸǵĳָԼħ񹬿ȡǵ½⣬ȻֵɽҩӸǣκ¶һ˿ϺЦݵ
ǸŮ˵Ƣֲǲ֪κҶôˣΨһĶӻɱˣҪƽϢŭɲףκͨ̾ϢһҲõҶЩ³ç
κԸ⽫һҲ͸أκ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ⲻܣκһҲ͸ң͵ڳҵķ֧κ֪ǽκҵˣκҺɫһ䣬
磬ڶκ̣֮㻹ںһЩ֮ʲôκ˵ķħ񹬲һжκҶ֣κҿ֮ա
ǡ
ˣұ죡κͨɫһϵ˵κһҲ͸ҾܣԸ⻺͹ϵκҵǿԸһЩ
ʵµĹؼҶϣֻҪҵ͸¶ң¶ðˣκ費ƣͨ£κͨʩѹƿκҡ
£֪Ҷȥˣ
κͨ̾Ϣһ˵Դ˼κ£ʵ
֪ȥҶӵסڣһЩˣû֪ȥˣκҡҡͷ
ѵηħˣκͨо̬أЩڸЩջ
Ҷһ֮˾콫κƽ˻𿻡
ҾҶûԶ˵ųĳѰӦҵκ
ðɣ
Ȼħ񹬣κͨòյѡ
ң
κͨʱһͳѹֵκլʧյҶκլС
Ҷӣ
ͻȻֵҶ磬κͨͻȻһ£κȴ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
Ҷ磬㻹֪çײľٶκҴ˶ѹ鷳
κ躦¸ոκͨı⣬վ˳ǳ
˵鷳ǲħ񹬣
Ҷ米˫֣Ŀ˸ż˼붷κͨ
ħ񹬵Ŀ²ģħŮˣпǵ˽ӣ㵱նɱħ񹬾ưոݵģκ˵
κϣħ֮䣬Ӧѡ񣡡Ҷ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݵ
Ҷӣϵܲħ񹬣κҲò壡κͨ̾Ϣһ
κϣҶѡʧҶ絭˵˵Ҳת䡣
ҡ
ˣκҵΣҰǽӽκ޹ϵҶĮ˵
ǽôѵ㻹Կħ񹬲ɣ
κ迴ħ򣬼޵ڷԲҶǵĶ֡
ûħ񹬣
Ҷ͸°ƣȻ˵
ʲô
ҶĻһըκլը죬Ȼ󲨣ڳˡ


1808 ೦
Ҷ磬ΪǻĹ
κһ˳ǳţħ񹬱Ϣ
κͨκҺҲ¶˻֮ɫϾħ񹬵Ŀģһ漶Ҫħ񹬶ѡ
ŲǣҶ¶һ˿Цݵ
˵꣬ת뿪
վסȥ
κ迴ҶߣҶǰ˵
ô㻹ң
Ҷͫһһǿɱ壬κһͷϳ˿ſź飬鲻Խ
㣬ʲôκһӲͷƤ
κ裬ǲǾҲɱ㣡ҶɱȻ
裬£
κͨҶ޷죬ĸҳֻɱκ裬ǳ
ףǧˣˣǸ޷ңħ񹬽κһסĵĿ־
Ҷӣ߰ɣԶҪٻˣĿҶ°ıӰκͨԥ̾Ϣһ
κͨĻҶûͣ뿪κլ
ףôˣħ񹬵֪ǷһὫŭйκϣʱκҿ½ٲĿҶȥıӰκʱ˵
裬κҵ𣿡κͨʵ
⣬⡭
뵽ҶһĻκ˵
ˣ
κһʱκҺеĴѶͻȻκҺѶеʱ۾һɣʱɵۡ
ôҺֳʲôˣ
Ŀɿڴ͵κͨ˶ɣʵ
ݣκ߻رħȼܴƱˣκҺһŬסĵ𾪵
ʲô
κͨκ˷ʧ̬ľ
磬ûиħǺεȴڣôܱšκ޷˵Ϣ˵
ѵκѡˣ
뵽ҶոյĻκͨó˴Ѷ飬Լļλ׺ѴѶ֤ʵϢα
ħħıˣ
֤ʵκͨòʵųǱԵ¶ħ񹬣һҹ֮䱻ˡ
ף˵ħ񹬱𣬻᲻ҶӸɵģ
Ŀɢ¶ŨŨں֮ɫκͨκҺʵ
㲻ҶɵģҲɵģκͨ̾ϢһκҴ˴õĻˡ
ô
κ踸Ӷ뵽ؿֻУ˵ҶĹϵ񻯵˼㣬ʮֵҶı
Ҷħ񹬶ɱǾ˼ɡ
ף˵κһпܻҶ֮Ĺϵ𣿡κҺŭһɫ԰ףκ˵
ҡκͨģҲκȻҶ罻á
ѣ̫ˣκͨҡҡͷ뵽ػںС
үүҲԣ
Ŀ˸κҧһ촽¶ĵ
¿ų֮һҲ棬ԴҶӣԭǣ
κĺˣҶı
ðɣ¶ȥ԰ɣл͵κԸ⸶һдۣκͨ̾Ϣһ
ҹ¹ųһɫİɴ
ųΪħ񹬱Ϣ뵽Ȼ֮ʱһϮɫɴȹĹյĸˣͿױɢ㣬ֱ˫¹£κҶסĹԺ⡣
Ҷӣ¶
κһһϢߵԺţʵƮ˰ĹԺС
֨
κ¾صȴһᣬյԺŴˡ
ʲô
ԺһºȲҶ磬ɴȹʳڵκ£Į˵
ҶӣκҴˣԭ£
κ³ҶؾһǸ˵
֮䣬ش䣬˵Ļ۾Ҷȴûж࿴һۡ
κ޹ϵѾҪˣҶһ裬˵
ҡ
ˣˣȥɣҶ
Ҷӣ֪ҪſԭκңֻҪ˵κһ㣡κ²Ϸʵģϧ
˵ˣҺκ޹ϵҶ˵ҲõҵıֻҪǲңҲǶ֡
ҶӣκԸ⽫񼣵Կ͸أ
ҶĮı飬κ¶һ˿ɬԥһ˵
ԿףҶ΢΢̧ͷκ˵׵κҲɵ
ðɣǿϽԿ׸ңҵǿԸκһݻԵ
Ҷ籾ҸᣬֱӶκҵԿףκ֪κͨӦͿ˼
ллҶӣҶɿˣκ°һҶӣʱүү˵˹Կףһ
ʲôҶüͷ΢΢һ塣
ң֪ҶԸ𣿡κҧһ˵ĺ촽ɫ޵ؿҶ


1809 ű׻
˼ƣ
ɫޣ۾ˮɢκ£Ҷ΢΢һЦ۾ûһ˿
Ҷӣ֪Ǿ䲻㣬Ը⣬ԸŮԶ̷㣡
ЦЦҶ磬κҧһ촽
£Ҹ˼˰ɣҸӦκҵ˰һ𣡡Ҷ絭˵
Ҷӣҡ
£ʱˣȥɣֻҪκҿϽԿ׸ңҵĳŵһ֣
ȻκĺҶƯŮ̫ˣѾݲ
ãҾͽԿ״
Ҷһپܾκ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫûٴȥת뿪ˡ
κ뿪Ҷ翪ԺеĽƣصǬռУ͸ʱľ֦֮ǧȭ
ڶһ磬κͨκҺκҶڵĹԺݼκ踸Ӷͱ˵ҼҶ硣
κͨĹԿףҶǬв
ܿ죬ȥһ꣬ħ񹬱Ȼ󲨽ͣ
ΪᣬκͨϢκ踸Ӷ˸Ҷ籨Ҳûɢħ񹬱ҶΪ
֪ĻңǱҶѪȵֶסֻѡұ
ʮˣʱ䵹˹ˣ
һ꣬Ǭռʮ꣬ʮ͸УҶ԰£ɹ͸ʱ䵹˹򣬲֮
ǧȭ̫£Ҷ͸ʮ꣬ҲܷӳҵҪ뽫ǧȭ£ǿҪ
ʱǵ֮Ѫˣ
оһʱ޷ȫ͸ǧȭҶ罫ǵηӡںɫʯе֮Ѫ˳̵ֱ˶УٵźѪǿȣһʵ
䣡
֮ѪҶ壬緢ĻɽѪ֮˳ҶݺύľҴܡ
Ѫѹ
о֮ѪĿ£ҶƺѪѹ
֮ѪȻǿ󣬵һѪ֮Ѫȴ޻֮֮䱻Ѫѹˡ
ںϣ
˳ѹ֮ѪҶƺѪں֮Ѫǿź֮Ѫǿȣǵ֮
ʱʧ
ҶǬռ˽ʮ֮Ѫڽȫ˺ѪУúѪӵǿ󣬲ʵǵ£һֻż̤ǵ񾳽硣
ҶżįʮʱǱʱĲлκ³ڹԺ⣬һ뿪Ǭ档
£
һϮɫȹʵţ˵κ£Ҷ絭˵
Ҷӣڽ¥йｻ׻ᣬүүȤμ𣿡
κ¿ҶǷӣоδøˣʵ
ｻ׻ᣡҶ۾һ֪Ĺｻ׻ģΣ
ֻųʵǿμӣүү˵Ҳóнףκ˵
ã֪ˣʱͽ¥λøң׼ʱִҶ絭˵
ڽ¥ҶӴݣκ˫ֽһŽӲӣ̻һֻɫʨݸҶ硣
ｻ׻ᣡϣջ񣡡
Ҷ翴һ۽ɫصǬм
Ϧ£ųǽ㣬ߵϼӳճһ˵Ļ
¥Ȼݻ
Ҷһɽ£޽Ľ̻ԻͣɢŵĽ¥⣬ųĽɵøпݳޡ
㣬㾹Ȼųǣ
Ҷó뵽Ӳӣʢ涷ʻĽ¥ʱһŮ
Ķ˭
һųڣȲӣ§ŵҶӽıѩϸҶİ׵
һκŮλС
ΪҶĹϵκֱӽ˱ѩκһ֮ĻԼñѩı裬ջѡ
ĻֶβԼɫѸٹҴȡ
ôϴθĽѵŲٽӳȥ
ҶͫһŲıѩģؾ
㡭
Ҷҿ˰̣ѩĸӵķŭ뵽ҶµʵѩĻɤۡ
ģôĹҵŮҲв
ѩЩηҶ磬ųǶ֮һȴ£ŭҶ磬ǳ
һʱˣҶų¶棬Գκң˼
ڸʲô
Ҷָ³һâʱһϵĺǳһɫףŨ룬һǵ񾳽ӳˡ
ǳеĹｻ׻ᣬκ˲õң˫ȸϳȥ
Сӣҵţû꣡
ȻųĴ֮һȴҵųӵľ棬Ȳòסеŭ𣬾Ҷһ䣬¶űѩ뿪ˡ


1810 
ң
Ҷ۾һ⡣
ΪҶԹｻ׻ȤŨסеɱ⣬һ˫˫ɵĿע£¥ȥ
Ǹ˭
ûˣ
һӵңңûʲôùӳԣ
ٲʶҶŮŮһ˽ǿҶȣѩģ
ȣոշʲôˣʲô˷˳ͻ
§Ļ¶ŴƬѩ׼˻ȵıѩһɫƳۣһڣͦΣɢŵӵʵ
һСȹｻ׻ҶÿȫȻûнҶ׼Ƚ׻֪Լ
ȣҪҪû֮ѵѵ󣿡һɫӵһͷɫ۾䣬ͷϿ̻ŹŹͼڵӣ¶Цݵ
ð
뵽ӽ֮ؾ磬۾һ
ţһſڵѧУ
¶һ˿аЦݣһƱҶȥ
Сӣ˵ţ˭ǣ
ߵҶߣ۾˸а֮ɫƵ˵

ŲİӣҶû˵ϻ˵
Ȼе
ɫһâ˫бǿĻ֮⣬ǣֱҶ˫Ҫͨ󣬿ҶĴʶ
ߣ㱾Ҳң
Ҷ˫иֳֻתʥ֮⣬˲ӿĻγǿĻ֮˰ӻ꺣֮С
ã
û뵽ҶԻ֮ԶԶԼܵҪ㡣
ҶĻ֮ʥ֮ͼ̫˲Ϣ֮Ĵʶ
˾ܳˣкϷˣ
Ķ²˾ܻǸС
о֮Ϣȵ¶Цݣˢˢ˱ǶվҶ硣
ԽԽãҪ֪ҵ³
뵽ҶԼĳ裬ѩľͺ޵ֱҧгݡ
ģܿûˣ뿪ҪǲǷַӵ飡
ɫƳ۵ӣһڴƣ¶ŵЦݵ
ӣųһһˣǧ꣬ͻƵһǵ񾳽磬츳ߵ˾ࡣ
£
˾˵ȴ˾ҶһĻʱһ쾪װ
һ̣һ˫˫͵Ŀע£ոջֺһ˾һ˵ϡ
ޱȵļž
˾Ȼ츳ʵ˾࣬ӣ˾츳ʵ˲ֹһ˾ֺųųǵһң˸ҵǡ
˾˫֮һ˾ȴһ˵ϣ⾪˵һĻˡ
ô˾ôˣ
ȵɴ˫ۣһ˵ǰһĻ
֣ǻ֣Ӧ֮ͨⷴ˾ܵʶ˾ɫѿ˵
Ҷ統˾¹Ǵ˾
ȥҧǣ
˾ջѣҪʱҶ绺תɫˮ˾࣬
໣
˾ܷһĺһſڵ֫Уſ죬ҧ˾ˡ
һʱ䣬̻Իͣһ޴ˮƣ͸Ÿ֮Ĵ뵽˻У
أ
ڲˣ׷׿Χʱ˾ѸٵһָһƲֿĺǣ˾ܵԴϣǿָ̽˾ܵĻ꺣ֱӽˡ
˾ӣ׷ʲôˣ
ӵһѩɫۣͷѩף˫ĺ׷ͯߣ˹ʵ
˼ϣҵ֮ܵ⣬Щ߻ħھ˽ͻȥ
˾ɨһɫĮҶ磬Ǹ˵
˾ӣǳټһٰͬĹｻ׻ᣬԼһԼҪٷ飬Ȼ˭ã
Ϲܼҳϸ˾Ľͣؾ
İɳϣұ֤ٷˣ
˾ȻųǵһңҲҵųұۣò̬֤
ţ
ϵ˵ͷתҪ뿪

ʱ˾ɨһҶ磬ͻȻס˳ϡ
ʲô£
üͷ΢΢һ壬תʵ
ϣڽ¥йｻ׻ᣬֻμӣİˣһǱͼı졣˾ͻȻָҶ磬Ϊʸ֮ġ
š
ͫһɫȻϲҶ磬üͷԽԽ
ɣ˾࣬û뵽һɣ֪СϷѾùӽ˺Уȴû£
һ˫˫ɵҶûһ˿仯΢΢̧ͷ˾࣬Į͸˭İ


1811 ˵̬
㡭
ô汻Ҷҿ˰̣ѩͨ죬£۾Ļ·ҪҶڻ
ߣѵ˵㲢ˣʲôʸμӳеĹｻ׻᣿˾һʾ˵
˾˵û˴ιｻ׻ᣬֻ壬˸ûʸμӣϵ˵ͷ㲻ˣֻ뿪ˡ
Ҳأ
δųǰҶ뿪˾оСĲ֪ôҶ粻ּ佫նɱ
նɱ˾ĺҶ粢⣬һҪκһᴦһС
ɲ㣡
۾͸һ˿ɫҪ˽Ҷϳȥ
飬˭ĵӣκҪĹ
ͻȻһŭƳۣͷѩףɢŵκͨκҺκͬ˽
κϣκҹ
ϿԲ˾κͨųǾصĴŽҲԸ׵ͨκͨɢп̤֮
ҶκҵĹ˭ҶҶӲκΪУ
֪Ҷħ񹬵ֶΣκͨһҪԵػӦ
һﵽʲôˣȻֵκͨά
˵ôҽа˾࣬ԭվκͨ񣡡
κͨĻӦ¶˲֮ɫҶ˼ر仯
κϣӦ֪˴ιｻ׻ֻ˲μӣ˲ʸ񣡡Ȼջκ̬ͨȣȷʵҶײֻܽ͵
ߣӦҶˣȻƾǼ壬óٱκͨһ
⡭
û뵽κͨ˵ƳҶ磬ʱΪ
˾࣬ȵ˸¶֮ɫϵز²Ҷݡ
ˣԻͣøʲôʲôȥɣκͨ˰֣͵˵
ðɣ
̺ؿһɫƽҶ磬ų뿪ˡ
˾࣬ȵ˿ҶκͨҲٵѸ߿ˡ
˼Ҷӣָ鷳ˣ
Ȼκͨǧȭɹ֮ҶȻмӣٵ
û£СѣҶҡҡͷȻ˵
Ҷӣｻ׻ϾҪʼˣ˵ɣκͨ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷκͨͬ£˹ɫ㣬Ʈŵ̴㣬һֲĽ״
κϣϲͻƵ֮
Ҷκ˸ո£һ
һϮɫۣ˫޻ףһŸоӣ˾˽״һߺȲ裬һߺҶκͨʱ첽˹
ϷҲǽͻƣ
κͨеĲ豭˾˾䲻ȵ˵
κϣλǡ
κͨߣȲ裬ûۿҶ磬˾ɫȻʵ
λҶӣκҵĹһ˭ҶҶӲκΪУκͨ˵
Ǻǣκ˵Цˣ
˾ǰǵ֪Ҷ˾ĳͻҪ̽ҶݣκͨҶ̬ȣüͷɵһ¡
˾࿴Ҷȴ˺⡣

˾׼뿪ʱһͳ
ȡϼ֮λ׷Ҹǰˡ
ħ񹬱ʹųǵĵλ½׷ʵ£˵Ѿлһ߱ȡĴˡ
׷߽ʱһۿ˾ȲҶ磬ɫ˲ˡ
Ȼûֱ֤֤ħ񹬱ҶΪħ񹬱ʱ̫ɺˣòĻĺ־Ҷ硣
׷ݼҶӣ
ԥոƹʱ׷첽ǰ˾˾𾪵Ŀע£Ҷؾһǫ˵

׷˾٣һ˫˫ĿˢˢͶ˾Ȳ裬ɫƽҶ硣
һﵽʲôˣȻ񣡡
찡ѵʵֱϵӣ
ŵȻҶ磬絽˸۷׷ףϵز²Ҷݡ
ҡҶһ˫˫Ŀע£ȸ˱еԺǵò۾ҪͿˡ
ǣ׷ҶӵĻ
׷һͨҶϸĻ֤ʵвٵĲ²⣬ĸӵĻ̿֡
ˣ׻쿪ʼˣɢ˰ɣҶ΢΢̧ͷɨһ׷壬˾ˣ˵
ǣ
׷幧ǫ˵˾۾ȴ͸һ˿ջ֮ɫ
Ǹסеŭ𣬴˾뿪ˡ
ʱƣĲˣĽ״ˡ
ʱһۣɢŵӣڳϵͬ³֣΢΢ЩӵĽ״ʱѻȸ


1812 Ҳ
۷壡
ųŽݵ֪ʵʵ
ħų£ȴһֱδȾָųǣηˡ
ϲκϣͻƵ֮κ򣬽ϡ
ȲĹŽκͨصΪҶ̫İ̫ᣬɨһۣԹҶ硣
ȣʵƣ
κͨЦ˵ͨǧȭŹŽҪҲס
κͨ˼䣬Žֱַ˾˵˼仰λϣֽĹű׻ᡣ
ˣ˴ιű׻һҿʼÿóűɴҼϲ֮˿ͨﻻķʽжһһʱʹÿţвķʽ
Ž򵥽һ¹ｻ׹أǬָȡɣ£ʮֹϵĹǰ
֪кر֮
Ҽ뺹ڹŽǰûпкر֮ʵ
ҵ磬һԵ֮صõģڹ񼣣о꣬δоǵܣҸоͬһ㣡Ž˵
Ҷɨһ۹Žȡ۾ԸӦκͨ˾ˣҲ׷ͷǿӦҪͨĺۼǵļֵ
š
ҶԸӦ˰ʱ䣬ͻȻ˫һźҴСӿݣͨɫڹ񼣵ʯ
һʯ֪𣿡
ҶԷ·ӦΣ˵
ԣ
ŽһİҶ磬üͷ΢΢һ£ǽʯҶ硣
ѪʯйѪ
ḧʯ͹ƽǣҶ۾һ£ͨӴȷʯŹѪҲֹһΡ
Һϲʯ֪úԶһҶ翪ʵ
һ˵òеʯ
ʯ̫ԶʯޱȵļӲҲ޷ƿͷǿ·δܼļֵ
ֻҪóıԴңҾͽʯһ㣡ŽЦЦ˵޷ңǾû취ˡ
ã
ŽеӣҶҲ⣬һһȭͷСһйĺʯ˳
֪źʯɷ׵ʯ
ʯ
ҶУ֮âĺʯžĽ״ɵ˵һ˫˫ȵˢˢͶںʯϡ
ʯǴʯֵɹҶóĺʯȭͷС綥ʦƳһ
ģһﵽʲôȻúʯһʯҲ̫ܼˣ
ѵ˵ǿʯֵȺʯ󣿡
ԺвϵظֳһƵͷŽܾףǾпܴҶнߺʯ
ҵССˣû뵽СоعĹŽɵø߿Ҷһ۵ãȻСóʯףҾͽʯ׸Сѡ
˵꣬ҶŽ˽ףõŹѪʯ
õʯеĹѪҶȫаڶʱͻƵǵ񾳽硣
λ֪˽𣿡
˳׵һźʯŽϲɵ¶Цݣʵ
Լһʱ䣬׷һŰ浤һźɫӣΪļֵûðսнס
Žóｻֵ֮ųǵһ˾塣
λ˾ǹƷͨʥ
˵ţ˾ٻǰ˵
ҶԸӦһ˾ǰһͷоͷзӡһǿޱȵ꣬ԿɣԿٴν
Ҷ׼ó˾нʱ΢̣¶һ˿Цݵ˾ȴҶҶӣ֪㻹кʯУﶼ㡣
ߣֻһЩֵﶼǷƷҲһʯҶһ˵
Ҷӣոճȷʵ㷢һЩ죬㲻˾壡˾ϵЦˣ˵Ҳת䡣
ߣҲҶһûпֱߵĹһ˲֪ѣֱߵĹзӡһѿ֥Ҷ࣬Ҳ뻻ʯ
Ѫˣ˾˲֪µĹȻ˾һֱδ⿪ܣҿ˸֤ǾǷƷ˾ջ˵
ǰ˾ֵƷóԶƷ뺹վͦ˾Ҷӣһ仰˲ҪҪ˱ˣֻԼ
Ŀ⣡Ҷҡҡͷ˾ҲҺҴģ
ʲôģ˾üͷ΢΢һ
Ͷһѣһǿ֥˵ˣźʯ㣬˵ˣмңҶЦЦóһȭͷСĺʯ
ãΪ˾ˣ
Ҷеĺʯ˾۾ԥӦˡ


1813 ɵ
ľˣ
Žһ裬ɫȻҶ磬Լɫ˾¶һ˿Ȥ
ǣҪջ˾Ļ˾˵㣬Ȼ˵ȴһֱںʯôҲƲ
˵ˣҲҶؿ˾м˵
㡭
˾û뵽Ҷ˵ĿɺޣȫȻԼһӡ
Űɣһ޵ʱ򣡡
˾óǱо궼δоǵļֵҶֻһ۾ܿе
Ĺң
ҶеĲ豭ݿܵ
ߣ
˾һӶһֱֱۣӽҶ硣
ۿٶȼײҶ壬ͻȻ·뵽̶ٶȳٻҶץС
¶һ֣ò˳Ծѡ
ħ
ҶһٻƷħħԴԴעɫŷħа˰ơ
Ϣѽ
оħ͸֮ڳ˲ɵ÷˾ҲĹŽ¶֮ɫ
ŽȻǰ棬ų£ȴֻ֮ǿƣɢķħ۾ԽԽ¶һ˿̰֮ɫ
ģʲôˣô
Ҷ羹Ȼӵд˵е˾ĪĲһ˿
ҿ
Ҷ籩һӿУһնҫǿƵķħݺݵն˵һϡ
꣡
ӲȻ˰һ㱦ѽնħҶֱǧڽһն䣬ӲĹ˵Ѻۡ
Ҷһ£
ǽһǿĽ£һԽ¥
˼ӲĹﶼ飡
ʶ֮Ž۾еĻ֮ɫŨܽħΪУԼ۷ʵԿһ漶ܡ
һ֮Ҷ籬ǿնһΡĴɽֳַħնڲѺ۵Ĺϡ
ʮޱȼӲĹﳹˡ
һɹɶ¶һʧȥ˲֪ѡ
û˵ǲһ˵ѣҶ罫ɢŶӸ˾˵
ô
ɢĶ˾۾һɵۣû뵽Ҷɨһۣĸоʵ
ˣʼڶˣ
ɫ԰ף޷ʵ˾Ҷһֳַħ˵ڶ
ء
һ͸ĵϵ
Ҷֳַħ£ڶѺԽԽࡣ
ڣҶϵع£ڶˡ
ݣ֥
¶һֿİɫ֥˾Ѫɫص̫ʦϣ޷ʵ
ڣҵĻ˰ɣʧǵ˾Ҷ˵
ҶӹȻñ£·ˣ˾ҲһȻոյһĻ澡ʧܿͻָ˳̬ǹӵˡ
˵ţ˾ɫѿ˾ཫһͷ͸Ҷ硣
Ҷӣ֪úְ취ģŽԽķҶ粻򵥣һۿˣδҶ绹Ҷ
µģ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͷԹԵĵһ裬Ƶĺ
λ֪˽˾óƷͨʥ𣿡ŽؿһҶ磬ûٶʣִ˴ν׻ᡣ
̫ϡ٣Ҳ࣬Ե¼Ʒͨʥʮֵ֣ܿ죬Ʒͨʥͱ˶һˡ
ԭųĴҰʵ˾һҵڶκҵҵģħ񹬱ʹʵΪĴ֮ĩбҳԽļơ
˾ֵ֮κóн
κͨﶼ͸Ҷ磬ֻóԼƷͨʥнףҶԸӦһκóĹʧȥȤ
κ֮ңңȺó˹
óʱԼͬҶ磬ʮϣнף߽һ¹ļֵ
ܿϧóĹԼͨʥͨʥ벻Ҷ編ۡ
Ҷɮ붨̫ʦϺȲ裬ƤӶûһ£¶֮ɫ
ܿ죬һʱȥˣű˽ףֵĩβлҡ
ԥһ£ӲߣɫлҼлƴǬָóһչǰ
Ҷ翴ʱ۾ʱ


1814 漶
лó׼λн׵һŽ
лƽ⿪˷ӡ¶һȭͷСɢŵڹ⣬ǿĽ
漶
뽣һǰɫֵȼɫŽԽʥﵽ˴˵е漶
漶ֻڴ˵Ҷû뵽ԼҼˡ
۸κεĴۣ漶ұҪõҶضлǰĺɫԾ
ҶԺɫŨȤŽ˾˿漶Ҳȡ
˵漶ļֵԳһܽ漶ΪԼãܳΪһɱﵡ
л漶Һϲ֪ҪʲôֻҪнףŽԼݣлʩѹҪõ漶
⡭ҪʵԵʵڳλӵаսٸһҾͽ漶͸
лҲ漶ļֵڻԵɺµõ漶ʹ뵽κΰ취޷շ漶֮£ֻó漶Ѱʵϵͻơ
ӵаսٵõһлҾһԾңΪųǵĴңпڲõĽΪĴ֮ףƿԴ
лڳ˶޷ɣ
ŽУΪ漶Ըóǵ񾳽лӵаս
ǰлٻ˵ܰʵ֣˾˵ͷ͵

ó漶лƾ͵ڽԼϾ·漶һ֮漶пܸлҴ֮֡
Ҷӣ֪Ըҽ𣿡
лһҧ˹Ž˾Ŀ⣬Ҷ硣
ãҺ㽻ˣ
Ҷ˼һ³룬еĲ豭
ģҶܰҶʱӵаսлƵɴ˫ۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ҶֱĲҲðձ¶漶
Ž˾˵ɫȴޱȣ¶һ˿ɱ
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷʯԪ飬ԼһŷӡǿƵƷ浤˳
ȻʯԪʮҪںɽʵǵ£ϾԶѪ顣
һҶͻƵ漶磬ô˳һ漶
ǡ
ҶóлƸоʵҶ硣
ŵҩһƷ浤лڶʱͻƵǵ֮
Ҷһ⿪Ʒ浤Ľƣʱһ˵浤˳ý̻Ի͵Ĵг˵㣬˽һ¾;
Ʒ浤
浤һǼϡ֮ųȻĴǣѾδ浤ˡ
ǿʵıһںϣлʱһ磡鼤лƣҶ˵
ģҶʱ磡
Ҫ֪񼶾ıͬϡ٣С
ţлţھͿԵѪʱ֪ûƭˣҶ˵ͷǿн⿪Ѫݸлơ
úã
סĵļлҧָѸڻԪͻʯеѪս
ܿ죬ȡӦںϡ
ȻлƸոֻܷһظоʵҶĻŲɡ
ҶӣֻҪٸһ漶ˣлƼ˵
ҪǼ
Ҷ̫֮Ĺõ˲ٵİټϻɱ漶ãҶϵİ٣һٻƯǰ
ңҪ浶ɣ
л޵⣬̻Ƶİ浶ʱҲβ۾
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ浶ԼƷ浤лƣڹŽ˼ʵĿע£õޱ漶
Ҷӣ֪𣿡
ҶĴֱʣټκ̬ͨȣ˲⻳ɣҶ
ԣÿһʮƷͨʥ
ȻȼƷͨʥ࣬ٵöʮƷͨʥҶǬˡ
⡭Ҷӣ֪Ʒͨʥ𣿡׷˼£ʵ
ֻҪƷͨʥҶҡҡͷ
ãһһŽһóʮƷͨʥһǹ
ȻӵмƷͨʥȴղʮƷͨʥ
ҶӣһʮƷͨʥҪգ֪𣿡κ¿űεİԽԽϲҧһ˵ĺ촽
ԣ
Ҷ翴һˣ̬ǧκ£˵ͷʮִ󷽵Ľΰ͸
ģκҺòҪȻ˼ƣ
ɫޣ۾ˮκ£ټ¶˲֮ɫԺȴ㣬ǲҲ취£һɲҶ硣
߰ɣǻȥɣ
ԸõҶûоôһ˫˫Ľ䣬Ŀע£κͨһͬ뿪ˡ


1815 ǵ
Ҷӣ쵱ڱ¶ô౦һᱻ˵ǵģ粻סκҰɣ
Ҷֱ̫ˣκͨҲԾѡ
һȺ߹ֵһᣡҶҡҡͷƽ͸˭İ
ҶӣһᾡʮƷͨʥģκ¿ҶǷĲ
ʵڴղҲûϵҶ΢΢һЦ㲻̫⡣
ˣһȥˣ
˵꣬Ҷһ뿪˽̻Ի͵Ľ¥Ժȥ
ųǿҪˣ
ĿҶȥıӰκͨᵽ˷¥ĸо̾Ϣһ
ԻصԺҶ˽ƣԺһƲл꣬صǬС
ƣ
ҶֳּƷڰնһīĵӰһնͷϡ
꣡
£ޱȼӲͷѿ˵ѺۣͷеĽƸˡ
ţһǿͷǬлһħҶ
Ǭ
оħӵ漶ܵҶǬ֮ӿγһɽĽƣݺݵѹħ֮ϣħǵŭ
ԣɣ
ħǬ֮ѹʱԷɳҶ꺣˿µУֱӽµħˡ

ħŭУӲ飬Ļȫˡ
澳ַ꣬ѳϸһԳΡ
ʱս꺣Ҷ罫漶ٻ˳⿪˽еķӡ
漶ӡȫ⿪漶ͷųǿĽ⣬ռиݺύҶ硣
ľѹ
漶ϮҶٻ˻ľƻľס漶ҡҷŻй⣬Ӳѹˡ
ʥ꣬ڣ
漶ľѹʥӳĻ꺣ӽ˻ľУľǿں漶
һʥ漶ںһҶĽҲʵķԾʱǿ漶꣬ӵ֮
ʱʯιѪǵ֮ˣ
Ҷֳǿƿʯʯΰɫ̺źѪ֮ĹѪһε̵˶УѪӴѪ֮ǵ񾳽硣
񼶸ÿͻһѶȶܴ󣬾ҶӵޱĹѪʮʱУҲڶʱͻƵǵ񾳽硣
ӵгʱ䣬ӣҶٵ֮Ѫȫǵ֮
ҶǬгǵ֮ʱųȴΪ˴ιｻ׻ᣬòƽ
Ҳ飬Ҫ֪ҶСӵı
ȻŽԼƿصɱҶ磬һУȴЩηҶıòסеɱ⣬ȫҶ硣
ŽеҶ磬˾壬ңңлҶͨҶ硣
УŽһδεİݷҶϵκңҪͨκһ֪Ҷݡ
κͨҲҶʵݣɹŽε׻ûеõмֵϢΪջ𣬵޿κΡ
ųΪҶӿʱȴ͸¶һҪϢҶ֮ô౦пܵõĳλϹŴܵĴУʵϹŰ޹ء
Ȼû֪͸¶Ϣαò˴
ɢҶӵϢͲ֪𣿡
һɫźۣķ飬ɢųŮӣΪ׷嵹һ裬ǵ˵
ѵûпҶӵڱ¶ô౦ͼžϹ˳ĶԸˣ
УԴҳ嶼ڴѹǣҪ̲ǵѵΪҺ۸׷˰̶ɵ񱳣¶ɭȻ֮ɫ
ųǰӿҶһֱδ
ܿ죬ȥһٶ죬Ǭռȥǧ졣
УҶɹι֮Ѫ֮Ѫľ⣬һֻ̤뵽ǵ֮
ʥڻľ£ȫ漶ֻȫںϣͻƵ漶ꡣ
ȫ漶꣬һɱ䣬ѳһƬɹѳһɻԡ
һι֮ѪˣӦÿͻƵǵ񾳽˰ɣ
Ҷһһι֮Ѫ̵˶У֮ѪͷųӴѪ֮˺֧ľƿȫ硣
꣡
ӴѪ£ҶľƿϵѣҶ罥˸һľ硣
ڣҶһι֮ѪڵĽɫȫһӴĹѪһٳ˾ƿﵽǵ֮


1816 ޵н
ͻˣ
ͻƵ˲䣬Ҷ³һ
ڽʵʮ֮Ѫʱ䳬ա
оı仯Ҷ¶˵Цݣ֮Ѫޱȵ졣
ζҶʱڣӵ޽ߵĵǿ漶ֶܱĺ
򵥹һ¾磬ҶһеʼںƬ
޵н壡
Ҷ绨ʱںƬƬһޱ¸ͨ޵н塣
޵н壬ֱͨǸģ
˽һ޵н壬Ҷ类޵нǿס˼
޵н壬Ϊɵǿʣһʩչ򽣹ڣͶ뷢ɴ޵Ĺ
ҪǣҶ罫漶磬ʱ޵н壬Ĺھ£ɱһ澳ܡ
潣ʲô
Ҷһ޵неļȻ޴棬Ҫ޵н壬Ҫҵ潣Уû潣ҶҲ޷޵н塣
潣´ʥ˾ݻɵǿ壬̺´ǰԽ
ʷĳУ罣´ܲ࣬ʥɱ潣Ϊϡ٣Ҫҵ潣졣
ȥ񼣣潣պѰҰɣҶ̾Ϣһס޵н뿪Ǭ
鲻ҵϢӦס׼˰ɣ
׷²һҶ֮ڹｻ׻һˣ¶ôྪ֮Ϊ˹̰Ӷʦȡǽ񼣵Կס
Ҷԡһɾ·뿪˰ĹԺϦųȥ
ȥϢҲڵһʱ䴫˸С
һʱ䣬ոհųֱû׷߹עҶ١
Ҷ̫û˸ͷ񣬶ڵȴ̽Ҷ硣
Ҷ²һι䣬̤źҹ߳ųʱĸ֪ͻȻΣտ
̶ƿҹգԳԽٶ
ɱͻȻ⵽ϮҶȴûһ˿仯ƾɱ֣ҲңδЩˡ
ҶҡҡͷʮѼƷͨʥƳ壬¿ٵػγһƬܲ͸ĽֱӽʮɱַĴɱһ
Ҷ׼ʱͻȻоͷһ޴ͼͼתռ䶼޾ɰٴӿͼУͼ֮
һˮͰͨڵ׹ƳͼһŽڵҶ磬ҪƿҶش
ͼǵҺܾˣ
űֵͼ֮Ҷ۾͸˺֮ɫ죬ҽһɡ
Ǭ󣬸ң
ҶһһƷͨʥңֱϣſµɱ֮һ˻תľ޴ͼϣǿĽ˲䴫ͼڣͼҵĲѿѺۡ
ಣ
ҶһͼʱոΧҶʮɱַ׷óһſԱʯҶ硣
䣡
ԱʯҶΧĽʱͷųصǧһ㣬ռбۣһС
֮ǿųǶ˫۾ˢˢؿ˳⡣
ݣ
ͻȻһ̶
ʮɱڶӦֻǰһһģӰӳǰ
ţһޱȵĽâǰǵԴ
ۣ
һѪֱȾ졣
һ֮£ɱҶʮɱȫɱһ
һɱеĺɱ֣Ҷӡһƣµâ㼯֮һ貵ǣݺݵغͼϣһƽʯµͼˡ
ǵͻƵǵ񾳽ˣ
оҶһ֮й۲ĸַ˾û뵽̶ʱ䣬Ҷ羹Ȼͻ˾磬ٶȣδš
ܣˣ
һƺµͼҶ罫ĿͶԶһƬïʢĹľзٶȼ죬ͬȥĺˡ
˫ᣡ
Ҷһ˫Ƴ壬쫷磬ԳԽʮ٣׷ɱܵˡ
Զһ
һʵǿɱֱҶ׷ϣһȭ壬ڰлһѪ
ţҶ罫ٶ۷壬׷ɱȥɱ֡
ֹʮʱ䣬һɱֱҶ׷ɱƻֱ壬ɱ
ɱˣҶԶԶһ۵֮ززĺɱ֣΢΢һʧƮŨŨѪζɽ֣֪١


1817 
ǿ̫ǿˣҶչ¶ս³һİ棡
ַͨʽ֪ҶɱɱֵһĻųǸòңûäĿĶҶɱ֣ҶʵԻǴԵѡ
ǿ¶СҶˣҵڱ¶ô౦ûнǷ
֪ųս˾ɫѿҶչ¶սһҲûбĻᡣ
Ҷ絽״ĳأ˾̾Ϣһʵ͵̣Ϊʲôųǣѵ
ף˵ҶΪ񼣶˾ɫ΢΢һ
ţĿǰܴҶľֻйˣ˾˵ͷ
ǾǿûԿҲܽ񼣣
һѩɫȹţ̰ϸ壬ɣ̫ʦͬһŮ
֪ˣҶڹｻ׻ϱ¶ô౦ԭˣ˾͵һ̫ʦΣվɫࡣ
ԭʲô
˾Լų֮һ˾һʱ佫ĿͶ˾ϣʵ
ҶӦͼıĴԼϵԿףӦЩ˼ɹ壬ǰҪһڣ˾ɫ˵
Ǹףǰ۷֣ҶӳżԿ׻ûпܰɣ˾
Щ˾ûо̫ķˣϤ˲̫ˣ˾̾ϢһӦͨҶҶ̬ȣµһЩ£
ף˵ħ񹬱Ҷйأѩ˾ɫ΢΢һ
ħӹɣħ񹬱ǰСϢ˵Ķӱնɱ£ټ׷Ҷ̬һеһжҶΪ˾˵ͷ
ǸףҶ˵ǰ˾಻ŵ˵ħ񹬿򣬶ħ񹬸дв֪Ҫħ񹬣Ҫ漶ְɡ
óʯôǷˣҶ米һиֱ˾ҡҡͷ
ô˵˾屣סԿˣ˾ȭͷвʵ˵
Ҷţһ˫ֽԿ͸˾̾Ϣһ·ࡣ
˾ҶʵĿģκңңҲĹؼ
УҶϵӵıҸΪңҼǺݺݵؽѵ˱ѩģ֪Ҷ磬˵Ͱκ
ͨκңӴҶ硣
ڱһ̻̲ʱһذϢųըˡ
ʧųҶ磬լ⡣
ҶҶӣôˣ
ű˫˫ԡ¹£Ҷ磬լ뵽УҼ뺹һ˵гһ˿
ӦúĿģ
Ŷͷðſź飬ŬѹĿ־뺹࣬Ҷ粻䲻ȵ˵
ҶǲҪ񼣵Կף뺹ֵ̿˵
ҵȡԿ׵ģܿϧҷһլòı⣡ҶЦЦ˵
ʲʲôˣ
ոڳɱҵɱ֣
Ҷ֮Էŵһˣ֪ɱĻ˭û뵽ɱֲ˾ģġ
ܣôɱйϵ뺹
ҶӣðҲԣ㲻Ϊһ˽ԹݺǣӲͷƤվ˳
ݺҲ䣿Ҷ¶һ˿м֪ǲϣûϵһὫլ
˵ţҶٻƯլϿգٵҡγ˴ƣլ
һ̣漶ӳҶ壬뺹˾ֵĿע£ϵر󣬴漶һնլ
¡¡
һʯ쾪
ҽر漶һѿһ׵Ѻۡ
Ѻ۵ʮѪѺѸլȥ
լƣʮصĺ˸޷ѣȫסˡ
㻹ʲô˵ģ
ҶָУʮ˵ĺˣ˵
ҡ
뺹ŬͣȴһеĽͶǲ԰׵ġ
ͨ
ųӵȨ뺹ͻȻ˵ϣҶӣ֪ˣһ·ɣұ֤ӽ󣬲ΪС
ں̫ˣӽųң
˵ţҶһָ漶Ӷ˲Ϣ֮䶴뺹Դ꣬ɱ
ţҶֿ漶꣬նɱȵҸ֣ҵĸ
Կף
뺹з˹ԿףҶ죬뿪ƮŨŨѪζңųǵһ˾Ĵ⡣


1818 Ҷǰݻ
ʲô뺹࣬ȵҸ߲㶼Ҷնɱˣ
֪ҴбϢ˾һһƨվɫüѿ
û뵽Ҷô󵨣ȻųǴɱ䣬Ǵ
ģҶ̫޷ˣҾͲųĵ˾ɫ˵
ңи˵Ҫ㣡
˾ŭҶ޷ʱһ˾˽ֵ̿˵
˭˾ɫ˵
˵Ҷ磡˾ԥһµ
ʲô
Ļɾ˾ը
Ȼ˾˷ŭҶΪʱЩġ
ߣҳȥӭҶӣ
˾ε̾Ϣһ˲仯ɫ˾ǰԺӭҶ硣
˾壬ôţǲԹҰɣ
Ҷ米˫֣ŴҴ˾ˣЦЦ˵
᲻ᣬҶ˾ԣôԹأ
˾εʹҶ磬ұֳϾҶһɱŭп˾ɱ䡣
˾ЩԲ԰ҶЦЦ˵
Ҷӣԭ֮Щᣬģӽ㽫˾ҪĹ˭ð㣬ҷã
Ҷ罣ӣ˾һæ֤
ˣҲǶʲôȦˣ˾Ӧòµҵõ⣿Ҷ絭˵
ҶΪԿ׶ɣ˾һ
˾ðң⣬֪˾Ը⽫Կ͸ңƽϢеŭ𣿡Ҷ˵ͷƽ͸˭İ
Կ׼ãҲֻй֮ƹܹԿף
Ҷ绰ев˾֪ԼûѡҶ磬ֶΣ˵ĻѪϴ˾壬òޱĹԿ׽Ҷ硣
ˣҹҾͲλˣǣ
ԸõѹԿףҶûоô˾˹£ʧڵҹɫС
ɢ˰ɣĿҶȥıӰ˾̾Ϣһ
ھԵʵǰһеļıһеֶζǿ̸
뿪˾壬Ҷǰң׷׼˹Կף͸Ҷ硣
Ҷ٣ûв²⣬ֻǰѹԿ˰ɣŹ°Ҷ磬׷幪ӣΪһ
ֻŽеĹԿˣ
Ҷ翴ԶлҪ׷壬˵ͷ
Ҷ٣ȥȡԿףһҪСЩŽܲ򵥣˵вΪ֪ĿµƣǸƣħ񹬲Ⱦָųǣ׷͸©ҶһҪϢ
֪ŽеƣǸƶûãҶһƮ裬Ե˵
ǣһ֮ħ񹬣ŽǹӵĶ֣׷ԥһµŽϾǹˣҹŽڹλͣҶӶԿףἤŭԹӲ
ţĵĲ޵Ҳ£Ҷ翴ŲʾԼ׷壬˵׷壬һˣϲ˴򽻵ðɣŵҩ͸ɡ
ҶǬóƷʼѵļƷͨʥŵϡ
׷壬ϣԼңú÷չҪĺ󳾣
Ҷ羯˼׷壬뿪ң̤źҹǰ˳
үүϣҶȥˣ
һʱ֪Ϣκҵһҹû۵κͨǵ˵
ҶӵõеİѹԿףǰǱȻģκͨŴڵҹɫ˵
үү˵Ҷܴӳ϶߹Կ𣿡κҧ˵ĺ촽ʵ
¶㲻ҪˣҶӿħ񹬶ˣŽвκͨһǲ֪ⳡ־ֵ󣬸ճ
үүǵĹ壡κµ
˵ŽĸǹĳϣҲΪϵΪųҹ񼣷ͬСɣҶͼıеĴԵǴӹ⣬ǹģκͨ˵ͷ
ô˵ҶӵĴΣգκɫ΢΢Щ԰׵˵
˵κͨ뵽еϵҶҲ뵽ִȡŽеԿףӦ̡
ˣǾע̬ķչɣκͨһ
ųǸעȫҶʱ̤źҹ˳⡣
һ̣һǿҶ緢쾪ףڼžĳϿ𣬾
Ҷǰݻᣡ


1819 սŽ
Ҷ磬ҹҳν£
һڳһϮɫսڴеĹŽͻȻ˽յ˫֪ʵ
ų֮
Ҷ翴ŽûǸպ¶˵ЦݣԵػӦ
ǿͣȻӴܿϧ˲ǿͣһҰӣȻŽ
滹ҪģȻųԸңֻнȥˣ
˵ţҶ米˫֣̤Ű̵ɵ̨ףһ޽ΰ׳ĳȥ
ˣ
ҶߵʱµĹͼڵ¹£ǿ⣬
һ̣ͼпٵת۳һĹ⽣ǵصɱҶ硣
ռ籩
ƹ⽣ϮҶһռγؿռ籩ռ䣬ϽϮƹ⽣顣
Ҷ磬ֻṳ̈ҳҹŹ㣡
Žû뵽ҶԿռôȻƾγ˿ռ籩صľ
ƾ㻹˹壡ҶͱһЦͼıϵıɱִɱңǹҲ
㣬ѪˣʲôʱɱִɱˣŽջ˵
ߣųɱѵ˵ûйϵҶһҷûͼıϵı
Ҷ磬Ҳֻ֮Ҫ̤ҳҹĵˣݵأҹɱ㣡Žһסŭ
ҵһ죡
˵ţ漶ӳҶ꺣ڰлһʮɳѿصľ޽ǿĵ⣬ݺݵն˱󷨽ֵĳ
¡¡䡭
⵽漶깥صһ𣬻תͼҵĲһĿĵ֮ڰУڵҹӳ˰硣
ҵҪͼֵܵҼ
ȻϿյͼ󣬵ͻƵǵ񾳽ҶȣڰУϵؿ漶깥һصĽâٰͼศɵͼնѺۡ
ͼдӿ˳ųҵĲ·˵
찡ҶĶԳˣʲôˣҹȻƹ壡
ǰԴųǽδ£ⳡ־粻֪ճ
ҶĹԽԽֳͣͼܲסͼѺԽԽ࣬Žɫޱȣ·Եγˮ
Ĵʲôʱܸ
Ȼ֣ҶĹ̫£˳ֵģ޷ԸҶ硣
ˣʱӦÿԸ
Žֳһһɳǹޱȣǹϴɵİ泤ǹͳ˵
Ǿ͹һᣬȹܵ޵ģ
ʱһһͼֵ˰ʱ漶깥ڳܲסˡ
ͼ˲䣬гʮɳҫſ׹ĹìŶյҶ硣
ߣȹҲң
ԼϮ׹ìҶû㣬ǻӶѪȭͷӭȥ
䣡
ı
Ҷһ˲ȭȭȭ׹ìϣǧڽݿ׹ìӲˡ
ŽҪʱˣְɣȹûã
ȭ׹ìҶ̤գӸ¿ɫ׵ĹŽԵ˵
Ҷ磬治֪սҹȨðɣȻҪһսҳȫ㣡
ŽͫһɢΨҶҶ磬̤һߵҶǰ
Ƕ˷Ŀײһʱм⡣
ŽϣʵҪʧ
Ҷ΢΢һЦƥе緢
һ̤ҶµĿռ䷢ŤڰлһۻҵĲӰͻȻڹŽǰһȭؿڡ
Ҷһȭٶȼ죬ŽӦٶȸ죬΢΢һְֳ泤ǹȥֵסҶĹ
漶꣬ն
Ҷһ漶껮ڵҹգйĵ⣬һն˹ŽԴ
ȻںϽոɱ漶꣬ȴԽӵ
һն䣬ŽֻһɳĽ͸泤ǹӿ˫У˫ƤӸǱ漶նԶ
ĺɫ׻˴󲿷ֹһ˫ۡ
漶𣿡
̵漶Ž¶ŨŨļ֮ɫҶһ֣漶пġ
ն
Žǿסʱ漶Ҷ£ٴն
һնռ˴ѣǿĽùŽΧĿռռ·Ҫ
ۣ
Ӳ漶ڶ۷徳ĹŽһѪߵķݣӰ׹ҳһӡ
غϣųǵһ˹ŽͱҶˡ


1820 Žĵ

ĿùŽ漶ӰһĻֵľ
ҹҪң
ǱɳؿӵĹŽ³ܵͽ
ŽĻƾ仰һҶڰУѪΪǱĹŽ˵
Ҷ磬ΪӮˣŽɫ˵ʶҵĵơ
˵ţŽѪΪʩչһϹطһѪ󣬵Ѫںһʱѹڽ塣
գ֮䣬ŽͿԽ˰֮ӵһǵ澳硣
Խһǵ棬ں֮ĹŽʵȻڽֱﵽһǵ漫²ͣ
ŽʵǵĹУҶ粢ûгִϣȻŽƣδ
Ҷ磬ɣ
ں˳ѹһС֮ǵһǵ漫µĹŽһְֳ泤ǹҶ硣
ߣһǵ漫¾ңδЩ̫ˣ
Ҷһȼ˺֮Ѫ˲佫ʵһǵ֮Ǳըǧڽħ
һȭҶǰĿռܲסһȭ֮׷׵ѣµȭâһǰһȭ˴İ泤ǹϡ
ǣ
һ
Ҷһȭ£泤ǹгĵϵ飬ǧڽ뵽泤ǹУӲǹѹһ£һɹǿ͸ǹ˹ŽֱУֱƤղסеĳǹ
ʲôô˿ֲ
ֱ۲ĹŽɴ˫ۣҶһȭ֮˵ĿֲӲѹ˰泤ǹ
ն
Ž֮ʣ漶Ҷ£ٴնȹŽٴְֳ泤ǹȫ
ȻںСʱӵһǵ漫ʵȫȻδܵס漶ĹīĽâӰն
⣬ں֮ҲСӵĶ֣
Ҷ治֪Ǹ
ĿùŽһα漶һĻڸ뵽زС
Ѫȼգ֮壡
ƼأŽٲ׾ѸȼǿѪ֮ʩչ˹崫µĶͨ仯˹ǿĹ֮壬սͷ
ţе˼
岻ϱƤɢĹŽҶ粻ϲ۾¶һ˿ս⡣
ħ
ҶһħУһ׹䷲ǣ֯ɽ⣬˹Ž
Ҷ磬Ҫ
ŽһһΡĹֳ壬ٵҡʱǰصķƣסħĹ

ŹŽֵĹҶϳǹ嶥ͨӵкľĹźȣŽԹԶԶȹźȼ
һ񣡡
ħסʱĴʥͼֳҶ壬ĴͼݵʱһƬ嫵ĵ֮
һ̳޹⡣
ռʱúڰֻһҵڵĿռзɳۣһ̴˹ķ˹Ž塣
ܣĹô˵ǿ󣡡
ŹҶһ̴ŽȻ󲨣޷ҶĹ˵Ŀ£Լĵơ
ͣ
һѪڹŽ֮ϻѪ˳
ȻŽܿһ񣬵µǻƤˡ
ľ죬򷨣
Ž˲ؿڵƣϵݹƸĹľҡҶ硣
ǧȭ
ΡĹľϮҶ罫ħӵ˰Уͷĵڽ˫ȭУ˲˽ǧȭһƬƥе꣬ݿ˲ľɫޱ䣬ƴĹŽ
䣡
춯صıڵҹ
Ҷʩչǧȭ£ռˣŽȻ㿪ǧȭΪˣ˴Ѫʹ಻ѡ
һǹ
ƲϵؼأŽδƣ泤ǹ뱾֮Ѫųǹп̻ƣǹһĴҶ硣
һǹ̳ǹһĹŽһҡҷųһǰĴҶ硣
һ񣡡
Ҷͫһݻǿ⣬仯ĪĻһǹһνݵ£ʩչһȥ
ǿĹײһʱΪģռˡ
ۣ
ӲҶʩչһ񣬹ŽֻһɹɳĽ뵽Уϵƻȫľ˺塣
ںֱ֮仯ɹǿĹ֮壬һԻɱ
ǿסϼصƣŽϵؿƵݻľҶ磬ͻƵǵ֮Ҷʵֲ̫ҡҷϮĹľ޷˺Ҷֺ
Խţ
ҶһļĹŽͷӡһţһ̤գھ˹ŽϣһνӰ̤䵽档


1821 
Ž
ŽҳһӣصĹŽҶӸµؿʵ
ɱң
صĹŽڵؿ˳Ѫɫ۾Ҷ磬Ӳ˵
ôҹ˼ɹ岻ɱ㣿Ҷ¶һ˿Цݵ֮Ӷɱɱ㻹й˼ɣȻҳȫ㡣
Ҷ۾ɱһħںһһ˹Ž
ס֣
Žһʱһŭ
һֹ׾ķԳԽٵٶϮҶ硣
ߣƷҲң
ҶһƳ壬գײ˷ϮķϣӲֵס˷ֹ
ٶȲĳڹŽǰһŲصؿϣعǵԿ׸ң
㡭
ҶӣŽĪĲһ£ֻҪԼܾҶԻɱ
ãҿԸԿף
Žҧ˵ȡһöǬָݸҶʱ۾͸һ˿֮ɫͻȻöָ
һ̣һǿöָӿӿҶ꺣УҶꡣ
Ǭָ˲䣬ϧ۱ʩչıƣһѪʱĹܷȥ
ߣӵõ𣡡
Ҷһǧ˿Ƶһ̽ݻǿĵ⣬ַԲռĴ֣ץ˹Ž
Σʱ̣ոձɵķַϮ˹˲ѳٵӰҶݻĴ֣һߵĹŽ
ô
ʩչطͨĹŽһɫۣһƳףƤڣﵽǵ澳߳ڹŽߣĵʵ
ϣҸ𣿡
أ弫ĹŽ޵ؿԶҶ磬ʵ
ڱû峤Һ;ųϣԼλǰѸŽһʥȶһƵ
˵֮ʣĹǿϢ֣ڹŽߣ˲ԶҶ硣
ǵ棬һǵ棡
Ź澳֣Ҷ粢û¶һ˿֮ɫٺĳڸȴ뵽ϲ֮С
ºˣܸҶˣ
ǰţ˶Ȳˣ
뵽ϲ֮ʱκңȴ뵽žС
Ҷִˣһ澳֣Ҷӿˣ
ǰǹĽɣȾָҶӵı£澳Ҳһס
ϣ岻ҪΪҶӶǣκҿֻ뿪ųһ·ˣκͨҡҡͷ˵
Сӣ㻹ȫʬ͹ԹԷһΪϷ㳢ҹĥ˵ֶΣɫؿҶ磬ɭȻ
ƾ𣿡ҶЦһȻҲΪУǲ֪ôҲ⽫ȫɱ
Ȼ漶֣Ҷȴû¶һ˿⣬Цһѱ˵
ϣҪϻˣסҵҪӲ𣿡ŽݵؿҶ磬ɱȻ
ãˣ
ʵǿǵ澳Ĺһسɴ˲Ҷǰݵ֣ץҶĿѡ
ۿٶȼץסҶؿڣͻȻǰһһģӰ
һ̣һɳһֱΡɽѹס壬õĸо
ž
һİ
ոջһĹϱһƳ˳ȥȫݣѪͶ
㣬ʲôˣ
ͻȻҶǰһƳɹϵͦӰ˹Žˡ
ɱ㣡
Ϊϣܹȴ裬ŭһȼȫѪ仯˹֮壬һֻŭʨվҶǰ졣
ž
һİ
赭дһƣ˹ϵĹһγϣֱӽ˴Ӱг˵棬ҳһ󿹡
ʲôˣǿǹĸ֣һֻŸ̤ǵ澳磬ôһ֣ȴһδγ⣬⾪˵һĻùŽһξ֮Уʵĸо
ڣǻ𣿡
Ҷ翴Ŀɿڴ۾ĹŽˣЦЦ˵
Ҷ٣úǷϻɱǰɣ
Ҳһ޷֮ˣԶĹŽˣĮ˵
ȣȵȣҶ磬ҿϽԿ׸㣬ɷŹǣ
Žû뵽Ҷ羹ȸֱĵķ߽ˣ˸߹ͷ­˵
ԣҶҪĵħ壬ֽϵ˵ͷȰ㲻Ҫٸˣʲôұ֤ĺܲҡ

Ž̾ϢһھԵʵǰҶ磬ԹԵؽһѹԿ׽Ҷ硣
߰ɣȥ񼣣
õеԿףҶûеʱ䣬뿪ƻأɷĳκ֪ͨķλǰųµĹ񼣡


1822 
ƣ
Ҷ籩һ漶ӶһХĺɫƿųȺɽĽƣ˳һĵͨĵ¿ռȥ
Ҳ֪Ǳ˶ףҶͻȻǰ˿˿⣬һŴ̶ƿ˳ȥ
ռţ
ɳͨҶ緢ǰһʮɸߣŵ֮⣬ʵʵ͸ǿѹĿռţڿռŵ·Կ׿ס
ǿĽϢκûƭң͸漶۷ȷʵ޷ǿƿ
Ҷһ¿ռŵĽƣоޱȵǿƽģȷʵ޷ǿƿ

ҶóѿռԿף˰УתԲ̡
ǣ
ʱ޾Ľ֮ʮɸߵĿռűأռŴˣһɹ׾ԶŵϢڿռ˳
ಣ
Ҷһ΢΢һӭŹ׾Ϣ뵽˿ռС
⣬ǹ𣿡
վڿռڣǰĿռ䣬Ҷ緢죬һȥޱߵƽԭĺƽԭԼԿһ಻ĸɽûһ˿żĺۼ
Ҷɵ纣Ĳԭʱȴ쳣ֹ񼣿ռгһϸ꣬ǰľ󲻶ϵطңҪʮѡ
ǰѾ뵽Уռе죬޷λа취ҵ·𣿡
뵽ҪʬΪ񼣣ҶûпݣǴ顣
ˣ
ֹͣˣҶ뿪ǬڿռҵĹС
ϢȻЩϵ
ڹУڹ񼣺ɫϣ۾ĬĬһ£гĪĸӦ
Ѫָ·
һٻһˮδСѪѪʬõġ
ȥ
ѪһѪӰԼٶȴ͸شҿռ䣬ԼٶԶȥ
ҶûԥѪ֮񼣡
Խ룬ҶԽоռеĴԽǿأٷеѪľʧóһѪͬķѪָ·ָзȥ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
УҶһ񣬵ȴһٶѪʬѪġ
ţ㣡
Ҷ˸ѪʱͻȻŵһɹ˵ԶԶƮǱС
ߣǹȥ
ǵ˫бɹâ͸شҿռ䣬ڹһҩҶٵط˹ȥ
ʲô
һƬˮ̶룬Ҷ˿һ׶ߣͨɫ̣ʢСĻûŸ̬滨
滨ҶͻȻо滨гһϤȥ
ܿ죬ӵԵҶɢ˻ָ˫峺һƬ
ⲻǻһ˲֪Ļû֮֮ˣпܱꡣ
֮۵۹εȵһۿ仨ıʣ˵
ţȥ
Ȼ仨ҶʱʧĿ£ӵԵҶ粢£΢΢һҿռ䣬֮ԡ
Ҷָ֮ʱһɿµӿӿҶ꺣УҪꡣ
ߣ
ҶͫһԿٵ䶯γǿ˲ӿ꺣
һ̣ҶĳһµɺڶӡƯ֮
ণ
һֵĹ
ܵԵΣգû֮Ļɱ壬һڹԶȥ
ӣ̫ˣ
Ҷһѹµĵ⻯һֻ֣ǧڽѹһѹ˾ŶӵĻϣץС
Ļڲ֪£ʮǿ󣬵ҶͻƵǵ֮øӿ£Ļ޷˺Ƶ֡
ɣ
ĻƴʱҶ£ģͷųǿֱӽĻɵˡ
߰ǰ
ɽͷʹĻ꣬ҶصߣɢŵѪѪзȥ
ž룬Ҷ˲ĻûǶδӹԵɣΪĲҩ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãͻȻҶǿǰоһǿѹѹһռ䷢Ť
ߣǹȥ
Ҷ໥һۣûκԥٵط˿µѹռ䡣


1823 ľа
ʯһѹʯ
Ҷ˴ϷŤѹռʱһʮɸߣ̻ŽɫƣѹһɫײĵĹű
ռгŵѹ֮űġ
ǰܸоűѹź𣿡
ҶûɫеĹűоűʮֵǿ̺ѹ澳ܵ
оҡҡͷҹ۲죬ѹűӦµġ
ʯѹʲôأҶԼо񼣵Ĵűѹ֮йء
Ƶű֪ˣ
˵ţһڱѪڽʮɸߵĺɫűϡ
ʱű·ȼһ㣬ĽɫƾҵĲϵ䡣

һ鼶ͼ籡壬ûһֻޱȾ޴֣һץס˹ű֮һ˹ű
űƾհһǿаϢںɫײ˳ռ䶼Ⱦ˺ɫ
аϢɫײеѹʲô
оײӿаҶֻȫĺëֱ¶֮ɫ
֪ùűѹǺˣ
ʲôҶæʵ
ǱӦʧа壡
а壬ʲô壿
Ҷ˽ޣδа
аĴ̫Զˣа̫ʱҵĻ֣ͼ̲壬֮۷˿֮ս
һս£磬屻ǣкܶ屻𡣡
壬壬֣а壬аĴиҲ⵽شڲ澳Ҳֱӵ屻϶룬˸뵽ػУ˵
аôҶ΢΢ЩԾ˵
ţаųӵв֮ҪɱѶȼ󣬶а嵱峤һǿ񣬼޵硣˵ͷ
˵֮ʣɫײˣһȫںڹУֻ¶һſ߳Ҷǰ
۷а棡
оɢϢоʵһʵٵ۷а档
ˣˣ
۷аǵбʵʵ⣬飬ɭȻ˵
ǴҲո͸һܣѪ˵ñָ۷֮۷аɱڵ
磬˺һЩ
Ȼ۷棬ӵв֮а棬¶һ˿֮ɫ
飬׳Ѫɣ
۷а汩һޱߵа顣
űѹ
۷аϮ˹ű֮
ű˲䣬ֳĴ漶ͼ˵Σֱӽ۷аסˣ޷㡣
¡¡
۷а⵽űںڹеˣҲűҳһ׵ľ޿ӡ
һ̣ĺڹڽʧĹűӣٵۣһƤͷʮֲϵߡ
ǲ֮
űű壬ֿϵ۷а棬ԶҶ类סˣа岻֮Ŀ¡
飬ɱҵģ
۷а¶֮ɫޱߵа飬ڹм
żƷ齣Ĺ£һնռѣӵв֮۷аȴȻ塣
һδα齣ն壬һδʩչ費֮޸ĸͷۣƣȫ
֮
۷а漤ɱʱҶͻȻ֮
ˣ
еƱ֮ȫµ֮һն䣬ռ䱻ն룬µĵն۷аϵϣֱӽնˡ
ܿ죬ӵв֮۷а壬屻Ʒһδն飬ܴͬ󣬹ٵ½
ϷҪٴβ֮
Ȼ۷а治̬֪ͨͨҲƵģƵ壬ƣ
֪ľܽ𣿡
ŹƱȫѹƵ۷а棬ҶԺиֳһͷٻ˻ľ
ʱֳ齣ٴʩչ崫ͨһն۷а塣
ľɣ
۷а費֮ʱҶƻľ۷а֧ϣɫ룬С
һ̣ľҶ£ͷųǿ۷а塣
ľôлľ
⵽ľɣ۷а淢˾ĺƴҪܡ
屻һδδ򱬣ļ󣬸޷ѻľɡ
أԽԽήڵаԽԽջһ߸ʬɢڹС


1824 ֮
ľһľȻ۷а棡
űľɣɢؼ۷а棬ĴҲɵĽҶ硣
ţʵ
ľ۷аʱľ״͸֮ɫĹʵ

ŻľĹʵž޲Ҳɵ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ľһľĹʵǷ
磬ܷһŻĿȵؿŻ
Ȼԣ
Ҷ̣ĵժһŻ͸顣
л
õ˴˵еĻľ鲻ɵ¶˼֮ɫ
ɱ۷а棬ҶԸӦѹ֮أﲢ޻ԵҶ粢ɥľ۷аŻֵԳһĴԵ
߰ǰǼ룬ҵѹа𣿡
ã
Сպ˻ٻһѪʩչطѪΪԼ·ȥ
ʱһȥҶڹ񼣶ʱ䳬¡
Уַѹűʼʩûľ˹űѹаܣ߿ŻټǰҶĻﵽ˾ſš
ţˮǰѵһӣ
ҶѪٴҿռʱͻȻǰ˻ˮ
˳ˮ˷ɳʮ͸ƮĺһޱȣһͷźɫˮĴӣϿ˹񼣣ס˶˵ȥ·
ǿ֮оȻһ֮ӣ
֮ӣҶԼٵݣҪ֪֮ӵж
ţ֮ô
ҶԸӦϢʱ䣬ķ֣ޱǿԾȻ޷쵽֮ӵı˰¶֮ɫ
ţٻһƷͨʥǧڽ˳ȥ
أ
Ŵ̶ٷɳ۵Ʒͨʥɵ֮ʱһĳˮը棬ݺݵغƷͨʥϣµֱӽͨʥˡ
ô
Ҷͫһû뵽֮еһˮȻһƷͨʥ
֮Ӳ򵥣Ӧǵа弫Ʒаɲǧ鰵۲컺֮ӣ¶֮ɫ˵ҪǿжɺӣѶȼ󡣡
ǰҶмƷټϻľѵѹ֮ӣҶʵ
ѣҡҡͷаɲǧļƷֲ岻漶ܣǱаɲǧɱġҸոոо֮һֲܿĴڣӦаɲǧ飬Ҫѹаɲǧִ˰Ҫش飬лᡣ
ԭʼ̥аɲǧ飬ǺܷشҶ˼һ£˵
ã
˵ͷһżƷͨʥȶһƣֳ齣ȴ
ԭʼ̥ȥ
Ҷһԭʼ̥Ӷ֮֮ϣҪǿжɺӡ
䣡
оԭʼ̥Ϣ֮˲궯һˮͰֵˮֱʣһԭʼ̥
ͻȻ⵽ˮԭʼֳ̥ȫһˮ顣
̣
Եʵһˮԭʼ̵̥̲ϵرͷųǿ֮֮ˮ˲֮е顣
໣
һĺ
֮鱻ŭˣ֮ӹû̬Ĺ͵ع̡
ն
ʱ飬Ĵ漶ͼڽ齣У齣еƣնҵһһ貵ӣն֮ӣնаɲǧ顣
ҶҲʱ֮ǿĹƽ֮С
ͬʱ⵽Ҷ繥аɲǧ֪Σգһ߿֮ޱȳصĺˮγһʩչͨƷĹ
䣡
Ʒն䣬֮뵽ҵĲУĺӴƷն׵ĺ蹵ٶ̫죬ʱ㿪˹ö˵Ĺ޹
ܣ
ͫһ͸ҷ֮ӣ˼аɲǧ飬һƽ֮У֯һµĽâȫ׷ɱ
ľ
ҶҲʱٻľƻľϵرɫ룬ƽ˾ҷ֮Уаɲǧٶȡ
֮Уٶ̫죬ټ֮ˮĸʴδȫ׷ɱ˰ʱ޷ش飬ľɫ޷ס
ö֮ķ֮ˮϵ͸ƽء
֮£ֻܷɳ֮ӣ䵽˰ߣһͨʥѹˡ


1825 İ
ǰû°ɣ
Ҷ翴鶼֮ˣһߣĵʵ
û£³һ֮ӵճ̶ȳҵ֮У͵ڳ⵽аɲǧһָ۷ʵܳܣȴֵ˶á
ǰǬԣܽǬ֪ɺ𣿡
Ǭռ䣬ҶܿǬռƶˣ׼ǬУǱȥ
ãԣ
˵ͷҶصǬУͨʥ֮ѹסˡ
Ǭռ䴩Խ
ָƣҶӴǬ֮Ǭпռ䴩Խ
ಣ
һ̶ƿǬһĨǣ˳գɵ˻֮ϿգԼٶ֮ϷС
䣡
Ǭٷʱ֮ϳһˮһХˮϵعǬǬҵĲٶܵ˼Ӱ졣
ÿµ
Ǭ㣬Ǭķһ޷ƿķ
⵽ˮҶоǬķ˵ϸ΢Ѻۡ
ȼǬ֮Ǭռٶʱ֮û⣬һƬ貵ӣݺݵغǬϣݿǬķ
ãǬˣǱȥ
оǬѣҶɫ΢䣬ǿͻΧǬ򰶱߷ȥ
ǣ
ʱ⵽⹥ǬԽԽأ֮£뿪Ǭ֮Ͽգֳ齣һգ֮ӵĹ
磬ʲôڹǣ
Ǭľ޶ڻгԼƷʥİӣҶߣʵ
⵽Ʒݻ֮ӹ
ҶһߴȼǬ֮Ǭٶȣһ˵
аɲǧ𣿡İգŴ۾˼һʵ
İ֪аɲǧҶüͷһƣ¶֮ɫ
ţҸոոоһ¹ǵԺиֳаɲǧİ˵СԴ˵
İǲڹ񼣣ĪİҶ֤ʵԼǰڵĲ²⡣
ңҼǲˣİŬ䣬ȴԼԺһƬհף벻κε顣
İа취˳ɹ֮𣿡Ҷ翴¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫİʵ
ңҿԣİһ磬ҳȥ
ȥҶԥİǺΣյģҵʵ޷ƽ
İɴ磬аɲǧ˲ңİ۵С¶һ˿ŵЦݡ
ðɣ
Ҷ˵ͷֳصİ뿪Ǭ˲ѺۣһԵ֮Ͽա
Сģ
Ҷİֵ˲䣬һٶȼϮҶˣҪǺ顣
δҶֳȫİͻȻָ㶯һգһָϣֱӽˡ
⣬⡭
Ҷɴ˫ۣǰһĻˡ
Ǭ⣬ȻֵסİһָһĻȫ߸Ҷ֪
Ҳ㣬ֻӣֹͣ
һָ⣬İ·һЩ͸Ŀ
аɲǧ鲻Ϊ֮ӿٵػγһХĺնѪڣҧİ
ߣ
İһٴεһָ
һָҶǿԵĸоеӿ㼯ָâС
գ֮䣬ָϸָâٵıǣſռ䣬һָ֮ˮɵĺ˲ӿ֮С
ǿ
Ҷ类İĿסͬˡ
һָоİոһָں˹񼣵³˼Ʒ齣
¡¡
ƣȫŭаɲǧ飬ޱߵ֮ӱص⣬Ǻӵһ㣬ҶˣҪǺ顣
ƣ
ĩհ⹥İȻû¶⣬С³һ֣ſХϮһȭ
һȭ񼣵ٴαһΡľɽݺݵײϡ
䣡
İȭâײһ鲣һ׷ѡ
һȭƵ⣬İɽȭâһǰ˲ӿ֮Уֱӽ֮ըһ׵Ĵ󶴣µаɲǧ˳ȥ
㣬㵽˭ôܵ񼣵Ĳˡ
İûлشĻ񼣵֮ӣµĹ֮гһյشϵسݡ
𣬱ˣǹӣ
İչ¶սֲ̫ˣаɲǧ飬¶־֮ɫòġ
ãǹӣҾ㣡İһҶ磬Ĭ
ǣ
аɲǧ뵽һµĴڣĺˣԹԿ֮ˮһˮҶ˱˰


1826 
İ㿴շ𣿡
Ҷû뵽İ˵ı뺷ҪշаɲǧΪԼá
ԣ
İ˵СԴվ֮ӱ˰аɲǧҪԼ
аɲǧȴѡ˳Ĭİκᣬ֮£İֻܷ
İԸ⳼ˣҶҲշƷѶȣûǿ󣺡İ֪ʲôܣ
ҼǲˣİŬȴԼԻһƬ䲻κε顣
ˣİǬϢɣҪ㣡
˵꣬Ҷ罫صİ͵ǬС
磬С̫ˣ飡
öƷԹĴڣ顣
ܾҶ˵ͷ
Ĵڣһָ۷ʵҲ޷շӵлľǿԣ˵ͷ
ţ۳ɰܣҪһԣ
ҶĿ£շʩչ֮۷漶ֵܶס
߰ɣǼǰУ
ѹһˣٻһѪѪָǼȥ
ţ󷨵
ŷţҶǰо󷨵һء
ƣʲô󣡡
صĴҶоܿ£һ󣬶ռһ˿ȤҪѹźεȻԵ
ǰǽȥΣҶʵ
ãǽȥ
Ȼǰ󣬵Լʵţ˵ͷҶ紳صĹС
ˣ
߽Ҷ⵽Ĺƹ˲佫ûˡ
ƣ
⵽˷ˮϮĹƣ̤һһ̤Ĵ漶ͼֳ壬ݿǵĹơ
һ񣡡
ƵϮɱʱݵ˲ħںһһƣ˹ıϡ
ǣ
Ҷһ£궯Ĺ˴˷ѿһ޴ȱڡ
ಣ
ȱڴ򿪣Ҷûκεԥ˳ȥ
ǷӳѵĹʱɫ˲䷢˱仯
Ƿֽ뵽һӿֲĴУһ㴹һеǵ壬Ǵ˼в
Ҫ˻صոչ֮ʱҶһ˺Ƶȱʧˡ
󣡡
Ҷüͷšһû뵽Ȼʮַָµ
鷳ˣ
Ȼʵǿסǵδ£ٰ̫㣬ɺһ澳ơ
İٳң
Ҷٻľһľסͷռ䣬Ƶͬʱİٻ˳
İܴ뿪ɣ
ʱҶѾеĻԵֻ˳뿪
ԣ
Ȼʮգвʶٲİȴһ˿ţգŴ۾ܡ
ȥǱߣ
Ĵˣİ۵Сָ֣ƹҶ˷˹ȥ
ţƾȻİ
İʱµƷ·ʮ־ҹ壬ʹİΧһƬյشҶѹ

ŷţİͻȻͣ۵С֣㶯һ»ҵĿռڡ
һ̣ռͻȻһȱڣİһҶ飬ѵĿռڣʧڼΣյУһɢŨˮ̶ԡ
İ̫ˣҷǹ񼣽ƵĿǡ
ƿ󣬴Լƽ뿪İҶ粻ɵøп
İڹп²У֮ӾͺѺɡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôܸоԭϤ벻ʲôİŬ䣬ȴȻһ
İ벻ͲҪˣ֮գһΪ⿪ģҶЩ簮İСԴŵ
ţлл磡İ˵ͷм˵
˵֮ʣһǿ겨ˮ̶ӿŰˮ̶еĿˮҵĲ
ţˮ̶ˣ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Լٵݣˮ̶ײһ޴ʯʯ룬Ƕһϵߡ
Ҷͷŵǿ˫˫ʯеʱˮ̶в֪µ۾ڽصʯƯ


1827 ֮
ʲôˣΪ
ǶʯУĿݣͷף֮ϨߣҶʵ
Ҳ֮ʣܺ˵ϼ仰
Ѿûмˣûк˵ˣԼҶˣԵ쳣
Ϸ̫Դǹˣƽһĵļߵ
̫ԴҺ֣˫ɹâſߵûмǴǹǧĶӰɡ
ʲôˣ̫Դˣؿ飬ԾȻʶ
Ҳµû¶ѵõЦݵǹѵһľ֮ţ츳㸸ףû뵽ȴ뵽ֹǵ֮
ºһʱˣ
̫ԴǸʱ̫ңԶˣܻһ۷塣
Ϸ飬ʦһˣ˵ͷȻ˵
顭̫֮һ飡
嵱һ壬棬̫ԴҲ֡
ǰһսǴѾս𣿡
˽嵱⵽Ϊ׵Χʱ԰Уκε̫ǿ崫лǱ𣬹Ҳܵ˲
սֻҵ⻯ҵ̫֮ĹŸո򵥵Ľ
ǰô뵽ģʲôܣҶ翴̫Դ˴֪˾裬ʵ
ȻǰҾͽܸǡ
аأа֮أ崫бˣвоͰаص̫بţ
屻𣬵˲壬оͰа塣а嵮Ϳ̿磬ռŭݵب̫棬Яĸնӵв֮аأѹа棬ĸаոתǬ񾳵аѹռ価ͷ̫ԴԼ֪Ĳȫ˳
ĸһĸˣ𾪵˵
ĸ֮ӵвն棬ҲĴڡ
ţ̫Դ˵ͷΪҹϵϺãʦԵɺµ֪ϢҴֽɱаа棬Ҫĸع壿ب̫浱ﲼ˾ֱ֮ĸаҲ˲ٽƣңȫռĽɱˣұب̫һָش޷ȥ
㱻بشѵبû¶һ˿֮ɫ
بŶ̫֮һبۺս̫һ黹ҪǿһЩ
بûѰĸϣ
ب̫ȷʵûôȥˣҲ֪̫Դ
̫Դ֪ʲôطҵبţʵ
ب̫޾Ԩشҵģסǵ£޷ƿ뿪̫Դ̾Ϣһ
ô󣿡üͷ΢΢һ
ţⲻͨب̫ÿռ̻ݻĴҪ뿪Ҫҵռ̽У̫Դ˵ͷռƮҪȷλöѣҪ˵ˡ
İа취ҵռ̽𣿡
ҶȷİݣӦþĸ飬ŲܹκνƵĹ
Ҿ԰ɣİ˵СԴ
ȥռ̣̫Դɴ˫ۣŽο˵İҪ
۹̫Դοİ޷۲һᣬ̫ԴоİһĪ⡣
ţܲ˳뿪İǹؼҶ˵ͷƷݸ˵һСġ
İɴ磬κβңİſɰЦݣһն˿ռڣصС
ǰСﵽʲô
̫ԴԼ͸İԽĺ档
˵ĸ飬𣿡Ī˵
ʲôĸ飡̫Դ۾һɣɵۡ
ţǵ͸˼֮ɫİĸ飬֮뿪ϣֻҪܻص壬µĵ̣˵޸Ѻ۶ꡣ
Ҷ˾ȴʱֲͻȻıܿ죬гһµѺۣҲ֮½
ңҪ뿪طˣ
о½̫ԴҵĲ
Լʱһ춯ص
İֳһն֧ռ̣Ƶ
һ̣׹ʮŲѺ۵ɫʯͷһſɢɫâɫʯͷĿⶼȡ


1828 ޾Ԩ
ɫʯȻɫʯ
磬ʯǼƷʥƷʥ֮ϣǴ˵еʯʯģ̺Ѱҵɫʯ
˵ɫʯ۷澳˵κε浤ﶼ
ӵɫʯпܽɫʯеʱ̤뵽֮ļʡ
磬ɫʯҺҪɷšһסĵļ
Ȼԣ
Ҷûģ͸ɫʯָ˹̫Դһţл
߰ɣȥ޾ԨϣبŻţ
պޱɫʯŹ̫ԴصĴҿռ䣬޾Ԩȥ
ǰҹڵأƿˮӦöá
Ȼ̫ԴԼʯУµʴֹǵ澳˻ս½ΣأҶҪҪսûģһƿĻˮ͸
ˮ㾹ˮ
ҶĻˮ̫Դ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫӵƿˮֲֻ
СĶҼסˣպҶ𣡡
̫ԴŤ֮ˣӹˮһͷȵ˶Уٵָ˥ص
ԼҶ˸Ź̫Դ˹һħ֮ڵѺ⣬Ѻۣǹ̫Դ˵޾Ԩ
ǿѹ֮
վͱϣӱɫڵ޾Ԩǿظо޾Ԩгһǿѹ֮ѹ޾Ԩ
ɣ۷ʵ뵽޾ԨУᱻǿѹ֮ѹ;硣
İܸоʲô
һϮɫȹԽİҶʵ
оһɺİüͷšһ˵
بŲΪѹаһλ澳ܣ黺˵
߰ɣȥ
ȻԤе޾Ԩп϶ΣأûҶ͹̫Դİɽ޾ԨغԼٶ޾Ԩײȥ
Խ޾ԨײȥҶܿռѹӰ죬սٵ½ǱҶ§ڻеİһ˿Ӱ죬ɰϣ֮ɫԽŨ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãһ·Ǳ䵽޾Ԩײ
Ҷֳ¹ʯӳռʱһͨ尵ɫ̻һ׭塰֣ɶߵĹű޾Ԩ͸ǿѹ֮űͷųġ
ڹű£ϥƤͷûһ˿ͷݰ׵ߡ
بţ
ȻѿϱΣ黹һϳһ̫֮׵بš
үү㲻ҪǶû
İһϥߣ˵
ģ
Ҷ˵ĿˢˢͶİ
ţİܸоڻİ˵ͷǶ˵΢ҪǣҪǹű
ãȥƹű
بŶ˵ʮҪԾȻϣˣبŻĸйء
ȵǰҶͻȻס飺ڻǾبǰõʱ򡣡
˵Ƚ۷а棿
ѴبŶڸоаµݡ
ţаӵв֮äĿƹű۷а費ָ֮սҶ˵ͷжԸİ취ҿĴʶٴƹűبǰ
ðɣһоͽˣ뵽Ҷӵɻԣסĵĳ嶯˵ͷ
İа취ҽӽ۷а𣿡Ҷ翪ʵ
Ҿԣİ¶һ˿֮ɫ۵С֣ٵص㶯
ÿһָܵ񼣵㼯ָâУϵصŹűѹĿռ䡣
Լһʱ䣬űѹĿռһ޴ȱڣץסᣬҶٻԸոɻԣЩðյĿ˷·۷а档
۷а˲䣬Ҷоһǿа֮͸ԼȫëףУȫѪҺ
ľа
Σʱ̣ҶеĻľɫϵ۷аӿаסԼ
ţٵشɻԣɻԴݰ׵ͷϡ
۷аԴɻˮ͸߿ף꺣УʴĴʶ
໣
ţ۷а淢һײеĺһɳҶݵ˲Ҷֱӽ㲻˳ȥͨʥ㱻ˡ


1829 ب
磡
ҶΣգһĴ漶ͼ˲ڽ齣У齣еơ
һնűѹռѣµĽâһеݺݵն۷а壬ȫӲĹ
صҶץסᣬʩչͨ˲ָƣѸٵ˻¡
໣
оɻԵʴ۷а淢ʹİһɹǿݵſռ䡣
Ǻűبžȳ
۷а淢񱬷Ĺֲ̫麦¿ϵب̫ܵԴȫűҪűռѹبžȳ
۷棬̫Դǵ棬ټżƷ̫ԴֳƷ̫ǹȫϵرǿĹűŹűѹ
飬̫ԴϧĹ£űѺԽԽ࣬գѹ޾Ԩ֪µĹűˣľһ㣬ûһ˿بű˳
ɱǣ
۷аѪɫ۾Ҷˣһ㹥˹
磬ǶԶһ㣡
ձ麦³⣬˸ˣֳ齣ӭȥӵв֮۷аս
ʶɻԲϵʴ۷аᵽŨŨв֮䣬ȫǱ鼤սδ·硣
齣ն
һ齣ںһһ˺۷аĹݵ嶴
һ̣۷аʩչͨ޸˱齣壬漶а顣
֮
۷а漤ɱʱҶ֮ǿĹһȫĽɫ޵֮ݺݵն۷а汻Ƶϡ
ͣ
ն䣬µĵֱӽ۷а롣
ܿ죬۷аֽ費ͨ޸һ㹥Ҷ磬Ҫ˺ơ
ʱ̫Դ㱼̳۷һǹһǹ̳׾ǹâشƣƿ۷аո޸ؿڣһش塣
Ȼ۷аӵв֮һδ޸壬ÿ޸һ壬һ֡
ʱɻץס½ĻᣬٵʴĻ꺣ĴʶĹƱԽԽٻ
գ֮۷а汻ѹˣĴʶҲɻԼʴ
ţǡ
Ҷ糢ſԣͨ۷аʱȴ֣ⷢ꺣һѪסʶɻ롣
۷漶ܹȻô׿Ƶģ
ɻ޷ʴʶ޷ȫΪҶãҶţѪ֮ǿҲ޷Զ˼һ죬ɻĻ꺣ȫơ
ǰ㻹ðɣ
Ҷ罫ڵϣʧȥ֪ʣʶ۷а洫͵ǬУߣĵʵ
ոһսָˣ뿪Ҫһʱˣ˵ʱ䣬޷ˣɫ԰ףûһ˿Ѫɫ
ã
Ҷ˵㣬óһޱ浤͸飬£ѹڸˡ
浤Ӵҩʱѹˣ˿񣬵ڵûһʶبߡ
磬ɷڸһ֮Դ飡
Ϊبżһ壬ֹۣܲʵ
û⣡
Ҷ˵ͷֱóһ֮Դ飬ιبС
֮Դ飡
Ҷιبе֮Դ飬̫Դ𣬾嶼ûҶݣһ˿档
֮Դ£بڸɿݵظգͣ͵ĵҲ
Լһʱ䣬بŸɱ彥ָ̬ڳ˯˲֪ˡ
˫˲䣬飬ǵ͸˾Լ͵ĸ
飿㣡
оɢϤϢبһץסֱۣ˵
ңˣ
ŵֿѣҲ¶˼֮ɫ
úúãû뵽Ҳû첻尡ب¶ѵõЦݵˣǣ
λСѣĶӣλǹˣλĸ飡ΪبźһСƿˮὫ˵
بţ굽׷ʲôΪλа巢֮ս
֮а壬ΪайϵبſһҶˣʯ쾪˵һܡ
ʲôайأ˵
ţҲҵżȻ֪ܣبŵ˵ͷħһ壬壬Լ屻𣬶һıѪֲħڣǵа壬а嵮󣬲Ż˵죬ӵв֮
֮£ֻգаոշչʱЯ崫֮ĸɱаأû뵽аоȻһһսҴаأƴˣ崫ʯԼʯѹа֮ˣĸѹаѹռ䣬뵽˵¡
ƴУѹаʱȴһ۷аҪ֮£ĹűѹبŻؽ
ȻٶȺҶ˶Уȴˣǿبŵһսļ˵űͷûبŽĸѹа壬Ҳڵˣ
˵بԼΪȡʱ䣬˾


1830 ĸа
بţˣΪ磬Ϊ̫ˣһŴѲк󸣣һ֮ۡ
ţֻҪǲһܿһ죡بŵ˵ͷ
بţúˣȶƣȥѰĸôȥˣаδĸɱҲӦǿ֮ĩǺлὫնɱ
ã
بŵ˵ͷת崫йٵ֮Դͻˮָս
Լʮʱ䣬Ҷһ뿪ԨبŴ£˹ԶԶһ㣬ڹ͸˿˿ĸ
ĸ֮£һɫ̶һɹ̶֮
İܸоа񻹻𣿡
İĸ飬Ҫ֪ͨа
ңҸо
İ۾Źͨĸȴ·һĸʧȥϵ޷ӦаĴڡ
ţңҿ
Ȼ˸Լʵаѻϣģֳ齣һ˹ȥ
һĸѹĺɫ̶޷Ӧ̶ܣ̶ĸ壬ڵϵһӴʱͻȻī·ռа۾˫
ʱ۾ʳѪΪ۷澳ܵĸѹ˲֪µаһˡ
˫۱аˣ֪ΣյѸ⳷ȥ
ʱͻȻѵаſͣһڹ⣬һ㶴Ϥ塣
ΣգҶͬһʱ֣ǰĺڹ⣬Ҫڹ⣬顣
ڹٶ̫죬Ҷ˵Ĺزס
Σʱ̣鲻帴ˣ齣ںһն˾һնǺڹϡ
ۣ
Ӳһ鱻а³ĺڹ˳ȥڰھѪ
ںڹʱҶ˵Ĺںڹϣ˺ڹ⣬ص顣
û뵽ô¹ȥˣаʵ
أ˫Ѫ˵Ҷߣµ˵
ܵÿ죬һָоа֮ԺɱԼ
بţû뵽㻹û
ѵаоبŵϢײе
ߣ㶼ûϷôبһԵػӦ
بţʽΣҷ뿪Ұؽа쾪ףҶը죬ǶĤۣ
ߣһ壬Ϊ飡بһ
بţ
بŵĻаۣŭץҪɱˡ
߰ɣʵɱǻָ۷ʵ취նɱ
аոشһĻ̫ˣبŵ˲ҿòĸͷ׼뿪
磬ҾͲˣ
۾һֱͣĸϣоĸٻİҧһ˵ĺ촽
İ롭
磬İ㣬´İ뿪İ¶һ˿ЦݣżͻȻأԼٶȷĸ
ĸ飬ô
оİϢа͸һ˿ţͷſµа֮İ
Ⱦڿռа֮δİ壬ͱĸѳһâն飬İץסʱĸУںһ
İĸںϣһǿĽĸٵǽĺӴѹ֮а
໣Ų𣡡
а񷢳˷ŭͷа֮ȫ
κĸȫûá
գ޹а񰲾ڵҲָƽ
İң´һа񣬴ĸ뿪
Ҷ翴һѹأ޵صĸһ뿪ˡ
񼣲ǻԵ֮أа嵱رĸݻ٣Ҷûô׼뿪񼣡
뿪֮ʱշаɲǧ飬аɲǧоبŵϢݲ֮УҶշļƻˡ
λǰȥǬ˰ɣʣµ鷳һ˾ܽҶֱַ͸ÿһ֮Դ
ã
˷ֱ֮Դ飬صǬУʮʱУˡ
ݣ
һ̶ƿҶһ·ٻ˫ᣬڴȥ
Լʱ䣬ٶȾ˵Ҷ紩شҿռ䣬ҵ˹ڣ뿪ΣķѹаĹ񼣡


1831 Χ
ˣ
ĹȺɽͻȻ˵ΣȺɽеʮʵֲĴܡ
һ̣һĴڿռڴֱӷռ䡣
ţ󣡡
Ҷ߳ڣŷصĹʱ¶һ˿ѰζЦݡ
ΪѾµǺô󵨣ڹڲ´סԼˡ
Ҷ磬ڳˣ
һ𣬵ҶĹϣŽ˳ڴ⣬еҶ磬¶˳֮ɫ
ΪصĴǺܹǵȴ裬һжҶǵġ
ߣסңδ̫ˣҶһԼݣ׷סĹ
漶꣬ƣ
Ҷһ漶ӳĻ꺣ǿһն˹
ǣ
漶깥£׵Ĺ˵ѺۣҶһһѸ۵磬ֱӷ˳ȥ
Ҷ磬Ȼñ£Ǻķһʱ䲼µĹκβ㣡
Ҷ磬Žû¶һ˿⣬¶һ˿Цݣ˵
ҪʱˣĻ֮˳ɣҶ翴¶ĹŽм˵
СҷĵӲһĴҶҲǣһͻȻ֮ſռ䶼
һ̣һɫۣͷѩףŲ⣬ɢǿ̤ջ
ǵ棡
ŻߣҶͫ΢ֻ߾Ȼһǵ档
Ž𣿡Ȼߵвܴ󣬲Ҷȴ޾⣬˵ƾ»κβҡ
С̫ˣһϷס㣬㻹𣿡
ŽĸףϹɽɫ˵̽˽񣬱Ů˻Ҫϸ֣һץһֻյĴ֣ץҶ硣
죬Һúýѵ
̫Դ֮ԴˣҶûǿлҶҲúýѵһ¹޷֮һֻ̤澳ٻ˳

һ
쳤Х˾춯ص𣬴ʯֱ˹ɽӡ֡
Ȼˣܵɢǿɽ۾йâҹԩ޳ΪΪŰҶӡ
ͷķϻ̫ˣ
Ҳ޷֮ûɽϻһ޴Ӱ˹ɽȺɽ֮ϴս
ɽȻͻƵǵ澳磬ͻƾʱ䲢ӵ֮ȫԷ۷ʵ
գ֮䣬ѹס˹ɽĹƣ͵Ĺѹڽڵİˡ
⣬ѵҲ֮˵Ķ֣
ű챬֮һȭɵĹɽŽ˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȣǿҵĲ
ˣˣֵˣ
Ҷ米˫֣ĹŽˣԵػӦ
úúãϷס㣬㻹𣿡ЦǵʵֳһǿĹȣνĹҶ硣
ƾ㣿
Ҷ¶һ˿мѪȼգѪںϣ˲ﵽһǵ۷徳硣
ţٻƷɽǧڽӭȥ
䣡
ɽĹײһ𣬶ʱ춯صıϯռ䡣
ҶȻԶǵ澳ϣɽƷټҶг⣬ǧڽӲһû·磬ռ˾Եơ
ϣǰ㣡
Žžųϵ˷׷׳֣Ҫ֮شҶ罫¡
ԭʼ̥
ؼʱ̣ǵ澳ԭʼ̥ѳҶ壬ü᲻ɴݵֵס˹Ž˵Ĺ
ΪҲɱˣ
ͱ˵ĹŽˣҶŭˣɢɱ⣬ɽںһ
һɱգһ޵С
һ̳ҵĿռһؽۣµĽâ޵֮ƣն˴ʧɫĹŽ
һŽʹȫҶһ
ڹŽ˺ֵסҶ޵һʱŽȫëͻȻֱ
ǿ֪Σգ붼ûȫ㡣
˲䣬һޱȵĽâƳգһֱӽ룬ѪȪһӿ˳

켤ĹɽŽӱҶ۾ʱѪɫϵķ죬һɱҶ硣
δԭʼֳ̥סռ̺ݺݵغϣһˡ
꣡
ɽ˵˲䣬ʩչ崫ͨһȭڹɽϣݿһȭ˳ȥѪ
ǻҪս𣿡
Ҷ翴նѪʹధĹŽԼشĹɽԵƥʵ
Сӣ㲻Ҫţ͵ҹ׷ɱɣµҩ޸ĹŽ޵ؿҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
Ž㻹ңûҪˣҶɨڹŽ԰׵ϣɱȻ
㡭
ܵҶ¶ɱ⣬ŽһɽͶȥȵ
£ʵǿҹһ֮ܿҹ𣿡صĹɽ˹Žǰɫ˵
ŲҽǶɱˣҲᱨңҶЦЦԵ˵
СȻҲ֪˭ҹ岻۸ģ
ͻȻһͳ
һۣͷڣüëŨڣӳˡ


1832 ҶĿ
峤
۵ӣɽĴϲ׷ǰ
Сڵˣ
赤ҩĹŽĿؿҶ磬峤ڵҶͷҲ췦
峤ǵ档
ҶĿƽؿŹڣͦεᵽŨŨΣϢ
Сңڹжʲô˫бɹâҶ磬ݿܵ
ܶණһˣҶ΢΢һЦɫƽ˵
ʲôˣüͷ΢΢һ
̫ԴҶʯ쾪˵
ʲô
ڹž޲¶ǿҵʵʵҶ۾УҪ˼
ôҵĻҶЦЦ˵ðɣҾͽ
˵ţҶͨǬǿл֮Դ˵Ĺ̫ԴǬٻ˳
壬㣡
ͷѩף΢΢ЩݵĹ̫ԴڴлǱϳݣԵ쳣ļ
ɽŽȫɵۣҲû뵽Ҷ羹ȻڹоȳʧµĹ̫Դ
ڣŹ峤̫ԴҲܼǰץס˹ڵĸ첲Ҹ׻𣿡
үүܺãһֱڹڵ
壬ǱȵģĿ⸴ӵؿҶ磬ͳ˵
ҶӸ˵ڶҶӣһӶ޷뿪񼣣̫Դ˵ͷм˵
ðɣҶӣȳ壬ҹж֮ĶԹһʹڵ
һʹҶЦһǼõķҲֹܵҾȹϵĶ飬ҸϵĶܵʮ
㡭ɫһΪ峤ô
ڣҶìܣ̫Դɫ΢΢һ˵
Ҷ米εȵĿֲبţָʵƿ۷а棬Ҳֻһѹ
ҶҶıкܶ²⣬ľˣһˡ
ţǰʱҹϵĶӷЩͻڵ˵ͷ򵥵˵
˭ǹɽŽ̫Դɫһʵ
ɽŽݼ̫ϳϣ
ɽ̫Դ֣֪ϹŹ޵ţǹĶӣΣԹǰ
ǺôĹҶҲҵŲŤǵĹͷ̫ԴŭŹɽˣ
ǡɫһ
ڣҶӶҹж𱨣Ҳֶӣ̫Դ¶ϵһ
ǡ
ô㵱Ϲ峤ͿԲҷˣ̫ԴʵڲԸҶǿӲ˵
ڲңɨһ޿ֵҶ磬Դ
վһȥһнң̫ԴԵĿתƵ˻ֵ̿ĹɽŽϡ
ҲҶ֮䵽кζԹǸҶӵǸֱԭΪ֮޷ȡҶӵԭ£ǾͱΪŻ̫ԴɭȻ
̫ԴɽŽ˵һʱ佫ĿͶ˹ڣ۾֪ڲԸ̫ԴѡԹۣ֮£ֻҶǰ
ŽҸոѾ˵ˣҾɱ㣬Ҳᱨң𣿡Ҷ翴裬ĵĹŽˣ˵
Ҷӣ㣬ԭ£Žҧݣļ˼֡
ôǺ۾ĹŽӶˣҶЦЦ˵£
㡭
ôûҵĻҶ翴ŭĹŽӶ˵ҵĻϲظڶ飬ǲǾͱµ
ûҶӵĻԥҶӳ֣ҾŤǵԴ̫Դ
壬ôǲ̫ˣɽô˵Ҳҹϣ㱻۸ҹδ棡ЩĴ
ڣѵĹؼ𣿡̫Դ̾Ϣһ
壬˼ǡ
˭ܻ뿪񼣣ұ£ȴɽҾȳѵܸ쾯𣿡̫Դѵ
壬˵Ҷƿһɿֲɫһ䣬
Ҷ米վ۷澳ܣ⻹ֻҿģҲ֪жҹΪ˼֮˵ˣֵ𣿡̫Դ
лл壬ˣ
ڵһҶ췭ظı仯֪Ҷĵˣ۷澳ܳ񲻳ȷʵԺˡ
ɽŽٲϿҵǸŭҶӣ壬ҶӴãڴ
ǣ峤
ڵ̬ȷ˹ɽĽңĹ˵ϣҧ
֪ǲûϵӭʱұ𣡡Ҷ΢΢̧ͷڶһۣûͱˣؾһͶʧȥȤ


1833 Ϊ
Ҷӣҹ岻ԣ㲻ҪԹǣ㱣֤󲻻ٷ£
֪Ҷƿص˵Ҳ֣֤
峤һ£֪ɱ¾֮Ĺ˹𣿡Ҷûھĳͻתƻ
ɱ¾֮ĹѾƣɱ¾֮ĹеĴԵҲߣõɱ¾֮ĹĻԵʲôû֪ڼ򵥵˵
ô˵ڿʹÿռ涴ˣҶ˵
Ҷȥʲôطÿռ涴ȥ
֪Ҷֲĵ̣ҲύҶ磬Ͼύһλǿߣڹ˵аһ
ãǾͷ峤ȥԵҶ
磡̺ؿһҶ磺ҶӣǳңǱˣһ˸޷档
֪Ҳ磬ȥԵתתҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ǺãųǾпռ涴˿͹ȥԵҶ粻Ը˵ҲûжʣΪǱĹŽռ涴ҶȥԵ
ҶӣҵĶ飬ҽģպʲôҪңʲô£Ҷȫ㣡̫Դվڿռ涴⣬ܵҶ磬ŵ
ãҲպͷæĵطҶ΢΢һЦ˹ϣ峤ˣǺڡ
˵꣬Ҷ뵽ռ涴Уͨռ涴Խޱ½ǰ硣
ϣʲôʰɣ
ҶһˣڿֹĹɽ˵
峤̫ϳϣСӵʲôȻ˼ɣĹɽᵽ˲ѰϢҶûıھͷ
ֻܸ㣬Ҷ粻򵥣ɱ㣬Ҳ޷Ϊ㱨𣡡һ
⡭
ˣʲôҪ˵ˣ¾͵㸸Ӷһɡڰ˰ֵ
˵꣬Źһ뿪ųǡ
ųǾ̫ңԶͨռ涴ҲҪʱִܵǰ;УҶ뵽ǬУҵħ죬ȸ㣬ƵޣѪʨɿճ档
͸ǣ
Ҷһȡ˰˿Ż͸ħˡ
ǣ
о̺Ӵ֮ħ˵ɴ˫ۣԾʵ
ǻǻľĹʵҶ͵
ħһϲ˵磬ĻľѾɣˡ
Ϊħһߣħ֪ļֵϹʱڣһŻļֵ浤۷澳ͷ
ҵĻľˣҶ˵ͷԻľԶԿƷˡ
ϴǾͲˣ
Բ۾б֮ɫһ˶кôػҵһŨ֮ˡ
лҶ٣ŻڶʱͻƵһ澳磡ȸ˵Ҳû뵽Ҷ̶ʱ䣬ԼȻл̤֮
ˣɣ磬ҪҵİҶ翴鼤ħˣ˵
ã
˵꣬ħޱĻҵط߾ȥˡ
ʱһǵ澳ˣ
뿪Ҷóǵޱ󣬽ں֮ѪĹѪ̵ֱ˶УѪ֮ʥˣ֮
棬֮Ҫ缫£Ҫ⣬뵽ʥУʥ鷢ʱ䣬ɱʥˣ̤֮
ǿѪ֮ǽں֮ѪĴڣ
ҶȫѪʱоѪ̺嫵Ѫ֮֮ѪƷʵͬʱٵʵ
ѪֻͻƵĵһܷĵ죬ʥɱʥ˲֮ء
Ƶ
Ϊ˼ٵһٶȣҶҵСڳŻȫǵ񾳽Ƶ
ƵҪ壬⣬õһ̤֮ɫȹʵţȻӻҪֵƵ˵
ţҰ㣡
ɫ޵ƵֹͣҶһ֮ء
ͷܵĹϵûκεŤ󣬺Ȼ§һŶϵԽԽ٣ǵһ㼯ɵĴϣֻỬߣ˴˵ľ
һУںһдŰƪ¡
Ȼǿ󣡡
ƤޣץԼ첲Ŀ⺬ˮƵҶظоǿ
£Ҷ⿪ʼһڽʥС
ںϣ̺ӴʥҲʼӣؽʥˡ
ҶƵ壬ٵһٶʱƵҲҶ˫еõ˴ĺô
ѪӵǿʵҲˮɵͻƵ˶ǵ񾳽硣
ҶƵ֪ƣ˫֮ʱһǿϢǬռӿ
˻Խ˼ѵһͻƵ澳硣
ͻ澳ûãǬֳһӴϢħҲͻ˾磬ﵽ˶ǵ֮
죬ħȺͻƣ̼Ҷȴٳ޷ԽǼѵһżһִ˲ƣƵ˫ޣƷζζһĵ
ڣҶһ˼Խռ涴ִĿĵʱҶȫ˹ѪƵ£ʥˣ̤һͻƵһǵ澳硣


1834 
ллƵû㣬Ҳôͻƾ磡
ͻ澳˲䣬Ҷ˽յ˫µⶴǧף·ܽ˺ƣͶ䣬ɴشƣһѹ£Խɽѹ
Ȼǿһ۵ʥˣʥǿ̫ˡ
оսʮ࣬ǴﵽǧڽҶ¶Цݡ
ʱоԼȼպ֮Ѫһȭ˵ܴһ澳ܡ
Ѫں˹ѪƷٴһȼգ֧ʮ֮á
磬ģΪ㸶ҲԸ⣡
оҶɱ䣬ƵҪˣůĻУд£˵
ƵڻһЩĹѪ֮ͻǵɣ
Ƶ⻬ţ̰ϸƤҶ¶һ˿Ц˫Ե˫壬ƵˮУдŰƪ¡
Ѫ̺εȵǿ󣬵Ҷ罫Ѫ֮Ƶʱֱ˾ƿڶ̶ʱͻƵǵ񾳽硣
ͻƾ磬ҶƵ´һᣬſʼ̾硣
ͬʱ㣬ȸޣѪʨɿճ˻Ҳȫͻ˾͵ȼ
УȸͻƵһ棬ӵѪԳѪǽͻ磬ﵽǵ񾳽硣
ޣѪʨɿճﵽޣ൱
ϴ㻹л𣿡
˻ڻ֮ӾĻգŴ۾һ˵
һһţ
ҶһſŻָħ˺󣬽ʣһš
ϴܽһŻһ澳磡
̺ǿĻ֮˵ȼƷ浤ҪһŻоԵİͻƵһ澳硣
ã
Ҷ˵ͷһŻ͸˻ޡ
ϴҰˣ
޹ֽһһ̵Ҷ磬ҪҶ硣
ϣ
ֻһʹĲҽ𣬲Ȼ׵Ҷ磬ͱҶһȭ˳ȥˤǧԶʹధ
ʱˣ
˵ʵõ˼Ҷûٵȴȥɿճ뿪Ǭ׼ֱɿռ涴С
ɿճ棬ˣҶԸӦ磬ҵһռԴĵط
İˣ죬Ҿܴ硣
ͻƵޣӵ֮ɿճɿռõ˼ͣɿռڣܿ콫ӲޱȵĿռҧһ޴ȱڡ
Լʱ䣬Ҷ紩ɿճ俪һռ涴뵽֮С
磬Ǵ˵е𣿡
ռڣǰޱߵԭʼɭ֣һʮɸߣյĹľԼһĴӣҶ粻ɵøпһж׳㣬ͷĴӣͺѼ
죬ǵˣ
Ҷһ澳Ǭٻ˳
ˣڻˣ
ϤϢ鲻Խһݵ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
߰ɣȥпҶ
ţ
˵ͷסĵļҶǰԭʼɭַȥ׼ԽƬԭʼɭ֣ǳش̽Ϣ
粻һʥأ
ԽԭʼɭʱҶǿɭиоܶǿޣһЩѵһޡ
죬ԭ𣿡
ԶԶԽԽɭֱԵҶ䵽ɭ֮УźҶ֦һߣһ˵
ƬɭӦɽķ֧Ӧ壡
ֶ壡Ҷʵ
ԭΪŴ壬Խǿ壬ԽټϹ֮ս̫пᣬǿһˣֻʣ½壬壬壬壬Ӧ壬壬Լ壡ϸ˵
壬ǸҶʵ
ǿʶǳԽצ壬壬Լ岢Ƚ٣Ҳ
壬壬壬ǵ࣬ǳضˣǵռ˳ɡ
𣿡Ҷ˼򵥵˽⣬ʵ
У񣬶ܣҲƿߣ֧˵ͷ
˵򣬲Ӧ÷ңѵֽ
Ҷо巢Ҿ򵥣ӦһĻڱƲ
ҶһģһߣߵԭʼɭֱԵͻȻһŮӵļǶ˶С
ʧ룬ʹļҶһۣ¶һ˿Цݣ˹ȥ


1835 
ҪǲҪ˺ң
һ·أ¶ѩ׼ͷңŮӵӲݴУĵŶѩ׵˫ȣʧɫĵ
ɣǺƺҲûãûܾ㣡
¶Цݣϵ˺Ůϵ·ѹסŶ˫ȡ
ۿŮϲƵĳȹ˺һ΢ĽŲ
ȣ
ŲŮɤӣ˻ƵĴȵ
ģûʲô£ĸϿҹһȫźĺë鲼ۣ۾б֮ɫӶݺݵؾ
ϷΪ˽ôˣ
Ҷ米˫֣ϲۣ¶˴ŮӣԼ۾ӣЦЦ˵
š
Ҷ绰䣬Լ˵Ůͬʱ
һ̣Ů˲ĵһ̣˲ڴеĴ󣬽ҶС
Сӣ֪壬̤ҿǻˣɺͷ촽ɱڵ˵
ɱ
ĴԴԴϵעгǧɫƣһߣҶ˷͵Ĺ
ߣСҲɱң
Ȼǰɱ죬ҶȴײһպһȭǧڽȭâҷųĹβһɫƣϵͼ
ǣ
Ҷһȭ˴ĻǲµĴ˵Ѻۣ˵һĻɵˡ
ǰǰ֪ˣǰɣ
ʶҶһȭ֮˵ˣųһ亹ٷ׷׹ڵҶԭ¡
ſͷˣҶ粻ΪӶһֱۣſռ䣬ݺݵغϣֱӽˡ
ѻ꣡
ţҶԵֱ˽ѻ֪꣬ŹҪϢ
Ǹ
ѻ̣Ҷ緢˶ӯϵ˳˰ֶʮֵĲֱ̣ǵԴ˽ǵ
ôҶ٣ʲôջ𣿡
Ҷ˵Դߣʵ
ջС緢˴ң塣Ҷ˵ͷӦ壬⵽һ
ӦΣգɫ΢΢һҶ٣ҺӦϵȥԮɡ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ٻ˫ᣬӦطȥ
ţ
Ҷ켱ٷһʱҶǿǰҵĴ˹ȥ
Ӧˣ
ԶԶӦۣصһŮϳӦĸ֡
㣬ʵǿͻΧ뿪ǰסǣ
һͷףֳһͷȣϲ˺۵һ߷ֵһ߳һĸߴֳֳǹİ׷ߴߴٵ
ҪһṶ͵׷߾ǿ˵ϧ۵ȼǱȫ
ȥɣ
ѹס˵Ĺƣһɫ۵ͻȻԾ˰Уǿ׳иֳһֻӲӣչʮ׵Ĵ˷һ
㣬ֻлŲǱ𣬿ߣ
Σʱ̣׷ԼӦֲηĵǰԼһܴᡣ

㷢˾ĺڰ׷˽Ŀע£ҧҪͻΧ뿪
ͻΧ˲䣬ӰԳԽٵٶȷ
һ̣Ľɫٶȱûʱһһȭˡ
ʱٹ򣡡оʱٵı仯ʵǿﵽǵ񾳽ĺɫ΢΢һ䣬˼ʱҶˣص˵Ǻˡ
ôĹɱˣ
۾ŨŨĻ棬źӵˣɱȻ
ߣ
оɢϢԽԽǿǺѣӵһԥתܡ
ӵõ𣿡
һץһغ˷ӿٵػ㼯һľ֣ץ˺ӵˡ

һʹĲҽ
˺⣬ȫ۵ľץ
㣬㲻ɱңɱңҲûģ
ʶĿֲ˵ֵĴ󺰵
ѻ꣡
ʱҶԣԶѻ֪꣬䡣
꣡
ѻҶָ΢΢ֱԴ꣬ɱ
Ȼ巢Ļ֣־ǻһ壡
Ҷ罫ӵʬӵһߣɾϵѪգ˵
лλǰ֮ûٺ˿첽˹Ҷؾһмǵľˡ
ǰҵҶ˫סĸ첲ϡЩϤ׵֪ʶ𣿡
˵ţҶ罫½õļƷʥٻ˳
⣬Ǿ赣Ҷеľ赣ǵԽԽҶ磬Ծ˵ôдġ
ҹȻûϴˣǰǵ½¾赵Ǹˣ
ҶǰԮʱϸоһϤϢɵ뵽˾赣뵽˾еǵлꡣ
㣬½ߣ𾪵˵Ծһ½߾ȻԼ硣
ţ½磡Եɺµõǰ½ѹ׻аľ赡Ҷ˵ͷλ
֪ݣ־ӦСƳץˡ


1836 һץ
ӦСȪŮŮüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ȪŮһֱδףĿ⸴ӵؿһ죬
ڻ𣿡ʵ
һֱӦأӦܲãҲڵĴ
߰ɣȥƳǾˣٸӦأҶоϵ򵥣˵
ãߣ
仯˱壬Ҷ磬ԼصˣԼٶƳǷȥ
ƳǱӦ壬Ӧ巢ʱƳͻȻѱ䣬ǰƳѰӻС˿Ѻ׷ɱˡ
Ѿ壬һĺˣ
ƳͻȻѱ壬һѾ粻Ĵ᧿Σ
ţ˵壬Ѿѱ䣬Ȼ֧֣ӦҲ֧Ų˶ˣ˵ͷԼ֪Ĵȫ˳
壬һ壬ιһҪЩʬΣҧгݵķĵ
ͻƵ澳磬ٶȼ죬ټǾƳǲԶʱͷɵƳ⡣
죬Ƿͷ£һȷû£ٳ֡Ҷ约ֱӴȥ⣬
磬Լ𣿡
˲֪ҶʵԼǱȥȲԼȥ
İɣǵĽǱ˵ƾҶһ˾ѪϴǣҶսǬлôֲĴڡ
ȥˣ
ҶĿɿڴ΢΢һЦڰлһ⣬䵽Ƴ⣬ƻ֮⣬û˺ӵģ߽ʮƳǡ
ˣˣ
Ҷ簴պӵ䣬Ƴĵĳʱسǰ
𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷģºӵ
ӥڳȴˣ˽յĸţҶװݻĳС
ˣôһ˻ˣأ
Ҷ߽ɫʱкȲƳվߣһͷף۾ݽգӥȴһüͷ
󣬹ؼʱ˾ˡҶװ̾Ϣһڱ
ǵˣʵΣӥüͷ΢΢һ壬еĲ豭
ʵǿܵÿ죬ҿҲˣҶµ˵Ҹо˵ʵ´ﵽ񡣡
񣡡Ƴһӥˣ㿴ǲ£
ߣʲôѣҶ֮أ澳ӥһ˵
ӥϣȥˣºң
ݵ˸ڣ뿪ãѺĵطȥ
˵ǻ𣿻ᱻɱ𣿡
һ£Ϲ۵Ůץĸ첲ֵ˵
İȸһ˾ǵģ
ɫȹƤţ̰ϸ壬۾͸һ˿֮ɫòڵο
Уȴ͸һ˿ʵ벻ʱ򣬻˭ǡ
䣡
Ůһ໥οʱһ޴ŵȸ§ֵĴС
ţһʹĲҽʪ
ѵˣɴ۾۾͸һ˿ϣ
꣡
ʴɵʱ᲻ɴݵűһĽˣһѩɫ۵˽
㣬˭ǵ𣿡
Ҷָݣȴİףʵ
Ҷ΢΢һЦŹ򶨵
ң˵ͷ
߰ɣ
ҶӶһֱۣ֯һĽӰ׼ȷ˸ǽ׵ĺ˵
ã
ȻʶҶ磬Ҷ峺ûηԥɪɪȸҶƮŨŨѪζȥ
󵨣ǺΡ
ҴҸĳУδ˵껰һޱȵĽâӶжһ㣬ǿ壬ȫնɱˡ

Ҷ粻ɫնɱ˵һĻɴ˫ۣ¶˳֮ɫɪɪȸҲҺ¡
󵨣Ǻˣҳˣҿǻòͷˣ
Ҷ˸ո߳鲼ʬʱһ쾪װ
澳ӥϣԼ񾳽Ƴ˴Ž壬ֳ֣ҶŰΧˡ
ߣҲǰСУ
ҶһָһץĴʥͼӿģһֻ·ץµ֣ץɫӥϡ

ƶٶȻץӥϱܵҪ㣬˲䣬ͻȻǰһץס塣
أ
澳磬ƳΪ̵ӥϱӲץǿ壬һѪ


1837 ǧ

Ŀð澳ӥϱҶһץһĻƳϵɱȡӲɳ
Ѫݣ
̵ҶĿ£ƳԥȼǿѪʩչֶҵĳȥ
Ѫܵ˲䣬۾һͻȻǰһˡ
һ̣һɳݺݵسϣӰг棬˸Ѫ⡣
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ʶҶֲʵƳĺˣ΢΢Щ˵
ѻ꣡
СҶûӦֱͷ壬϶ѻꡣ
ȥģ
ҶѻʱƵԼ־ô˻ܣҶһץֳһֻ֣ھ֮ѹֱӽ壬ѹ˵ϣá
䣡
Ҷһ֮ѹȫʱ˾˸ооޱ˹
˿ڵصĽ壬֣ԼѪУƳʱֱɵۡ
ʱǲ֪ҶʵǺεȵĿֲȻƾһ֮Ϳ
ҶҶӣ֪ǰ澳ӥأ׷֪һ澳Ĵܣ΢΢Щʵ
ǰӥϱλǰץˣգŴ۾һݵؿҶ
ʲôץܣ˷
Ҷӵо赣ֻһ½ķߡ
죬Щ׼δãҶָűѹ壬ֵ
ߣɱ⣡
¶һ棬ǽ͵ĻᣬͷųǿһΡĸɽݺݵѹֱӽĵ壬ѹ⣬
߰ɣȥָɽ
ѪɺӵĳҶû¶֮ɫ˵
ָɽЩɻؿҶ硣
ոҶƳѻ֪꣬Ӧ幫Ǻȥָɽ˵֪ϢָɽҶ
Σգɫ䣬˲仯˱ָ֪ɽʲôطٸϹȥˡ
˵꣬ҶˣŤӴڰлһ⣬Լٶָɽȥ

ͬʱָɽһµĴ󣬹ָͨɽɽǿ⣬չʮףȫɢŽ⣬һë·һĽ񹥻
ڴУһӦֹһݾԶ͸Ųɣ֮еĹ£Ĺе顣
ƬĹȺӦأӦϹĴܶ
ӦڣӦͷλ飬ٻǧҴؽӦΣ
ɫȵӹճһĻߣƤСɫ͸űһĹѨһĹ£һ߿ͷһϵ˵
Ӧ巢ʲôˣ
·ϵһϵھ޴Ĺһʱ䣬ƮҵĲ
⵽壬֣ӦΣڵϦѸٽıʵ˳
壬֣ϵ͸һ˿ŭѵûгɱС
д˳⣬ش֪˫ֽ߬һ𣬿˵˵Ϣһܵ˼Ӱ졣
ӣǴĻ˺ܾãӦлջ˵ӣǻӦ壬ƴûɢҲҪɱߡ
˵ţޱȾ޴ĹˣһƣǶʯĴֳĹ
ǧһ
ǧо޴ʯͨأؾ
һ̣ӦһĹˣĹдþδɢڽǧУ
ӣҳȥɱУ
ǧʯиֳһž޴ͷϵ͸ɱ֮
ǣ棡
Ӧ֮һǧգĴϲǧ뿪أ档

оǧ͸ǿ֮ȶɫ򣬽֯һɫӰֻ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ȻǶʵ£ӵл֮ǲò壬ҿ
˼û뵽ﾹȻһ
ֻЩ˼ɣ׷׺ʱһ
һɫۣͷڣ˫罣˫ֳһһɽɫǹǿӳˡ
棡
оǧеӦҲɵ÷֮
Һϲ͸Ұɣ
ӿХһһצһֻޱȾ޴Ľצ˺ѿץǧ


1838 һ̵

˺ƿռĽצץǧǧ𣬿µ춯أӦһӲʯء
꣡
۵ĽצǿǧϾƷӦƿأ⵽ǧХצ飬ɢ
צ飬ûκα仯һţһž޴ܣ̻Ź·ȼ㶦ɳͣѹһأײǧؾޱ䡣
ӽܶӲǧʱͻȻ˷
ٶȹھһ壬зܺǼٶȹ£˵ĹѹƣһӦܸ㲻һֻץס壬Ӳ˺ˡ
ǧ꣬أ
оΣգӦ귢һبŵϧȼղл꣬ǧǿ
һǧ׳û˾һͷǿǧſѪڣη˽ӣԼֻ
ণ
⵽ǧ깥쳤Хһ仯ǿսֳ̬润ϽһֻֻϮ顣
ֳ润ǧɱʱֻȴ˿յǧУ仯ս̬ȫ
κΣǧ̫󣬶ںغʹֻ֮񾳵ĽԵֵġ
ʮֻͱǧ꣬
Ӱ
Ҳû뵽ǧ˿ֲ澳ʵֵסʩչɱУٻһֻչףȫŵ֮ĽŷٶȣҪ˺סǧꡣ
űͷӦ겻κѵĻᣬǧȫżӰܵĿռ䡣
һʱ䣬ǧвϵشηĻ֮ӦƻĲӡ
˵Ӯ𣿡
ӦԶԶضһߣһǧ󣬽ŵʵ
ǧ޷ɱ澳Ľӣǵȴǵľ
İɣƿǧһɱǸħͷĿضǧ󣬲š
ǧеļңǣ˵ģԽĽͲ
˵ǧϣֻнǧӦ壬пܰӦɹⳡƽ١
˲ʱǧͻȻѿһ޴ȱڣѪƲĽӣΪǱӳǧ
Ǹҵţ淢Ӧ壬ϴˢ֮裡
ǱӳǧĽһݻѸ뿪Ƿ֮أټ

ʱʮɳǧ󣬴ž˵ƻҪɱ
ӷٶ̫죬գ֮ͷɳǧף㿪ʮ깥
ۿ֮ززͻȻгһֻ㼯ǿĴţھ֮һ̤գ̩ɽѹһԴ
һųֵ̫ͻȻýӺ׼ȫʱֻƻմȴͻȻϣһŽӰвȵ˵棬Ƚ˼ӲĵزС

ΪܣӺܹ裬ֱӲڽ£ŭХ͸졣
Ĵʱ˵ڶţݺݵزոƿزԴϣǧڽһνȵ˵زС
Ȼʵǿ󣬴޷޴ĳȴըķΡ
⣬Ǻ˲µľ޽ţ
ͻȻһĻˣǵɴ˫ۣűӡȵزеĽӣǰһĻ
ɱ㣡
ڵ֮緢Ļɽֱµռ䲻Ϸ飬һԽ͵Ŀռ䴩
ۿ֮䴩ռ䣬ҵͻȻһֻٰצһצץ˽ͷŵ֮ηץ塣
ಣ
оצӹϵȼѪٶȣ˲ûӰǱһ㡣
˲䣬ҵгһŷӴСͷһ˫Ѫɫ۾ض
ʵʵѪ⣬ᵽŨŨΣУѸٱ仯˱Զȥ
أ
һ𶯾𣬾޴ͷſѪڣͷųɵذռӿµסı塣

ȫʧأӷ˾ֵĴƴȶŽɫ򣬾쫷ȫѡ
κΣʵϵĲ̫󣬽ʹƴ޷ƿ壬޴ͷһҧ壬Ϊͷʳ


1839 ն
⡭
Ŀ澳ĽӣͻȻֵͷһҧˣ˵۾ԽԽ󣬾ı·𿴵˹
߸̧ͷ̵ӵľ޴ͷʱĪĲһ˿Ϥĸо
ѵ
ԺֳһǣƵӰ޵¶ǿҵ
һˣ
ʱһϤĶС
ϤֻһУһ᲻ܿƵʳȾʪס
ôˣ
ͻȻӦ¶˳Ծ֮ɫŵʵ
ʱעȫһɫף̤һĿ
죡
ȫˣһ˹ȥֱ˽ĻУ§壬ԴĻУޡ
һˣû۸㣡
§Ե壬۾飬ŵ
죬Ѿ
꣬׼ʱһʱͻȻʧˣ޹ʧ壬⵽˾޴Ĵ
Ϊ׷䣬弸㳲ȴһò˻Ѿˡ
죬ЩȥˣΪʲôڲŻ
޳С֣ḧգ֪Щľ
ұסΪ˵Լޣ˿ռ䱦Уסҵˣڲú棬ұڿռ䱦޷ֱǰò̾Ϣһ򵥽ԼЩ˳
죬ʲôôɺޣԼޣߵ˵
ˣ
ˣӣĥҧгݵ
ӦΣʵ
УضԿܣұͨ˳һǧȥԮӦĴ˳
²˳٣ٸϻӦԮ
죬ϮӦķһУһ棬²Ƕ֣ȻɽӵһĻȫǵİΣ
İɣ棬Խ򱬣ҲУҶڡ
ӵ飬ɷսټҶЯԴݿˡ
Ҷ٣
컰е⣬˲ɵýĿͶһԵҶ硣
ҶҵĶˣûҶҲûڵңˣ²˳٣ǸӦɡ
˵꣬仯ǧ׳ı壬Ҷ磬ǧԼӦ˸Ӧء
ţеˣ
ǰӦ;УҶǿоʮԼٶȷУҶ绹һǿ棬ֻʵԶ类ɵ棬ֻ澳硣
ңȥɱǣ
˵꣬Ҷٻ˲˫ᣬڰлһɫ⣬գ֮䳬Խ죬ĵˡ
죬һ𣿡
Ҷ粻˽⣬ʵ΢΢Щĵʵ
İɣҶٵĵ̲Ҫɹⳡƽ٣ҪҶ٣ѿѪڣ˵
ӦƯǧ˫֮ɫ
ʲôˣ
Żɫ⣬ԽԽҶ磬ʮܣԼʱͷǿ
һ񣡡
Ҷûзϻڿʮʱٻ˷ħ̳˾˫һ
һ̳ԲĿռͻȻ˺ҹеĹ⻪ȫڽҵһС
ۣ
һѪڰ
Ҷһ˺գ˲ɱܣն飬ȪС

ܱҶһɱȫŭ棬ŭһȼǿѪ֮仯ǿħ壬ٻһɳǹɢǿ֮ƷǹŴ̶ƿһǹҶ硣
֮
Я֮ϮҶû㣬ٻ˼Ʒ֮
ˣ
еƱ֮ȫ˲䱩ǣ籩ӿȾڡ
һնռ䱻նµĵâռѺһ㣬ն淢Ĺ澪ֵĿע£ն
꣡
ǰƷǹҲ޷ǿһֱ۶ˣռѺ۰ĵâݺݵնϣնħ壬ǿնˡ
ޱȵļž
ĿҶһնһĻȫɵۣǰһĻ
һܸû꣬붼ûȼѪԶȥ

Ҷٻͷ湭ǧڽһ潣˾ܵܡ
أ
Ҷͷ湭£һܵ屻䱬ˣһѪƮɢ


1840 Ҷ֮
Ʒ
͸ϢӦŴˣҲû뵽Ҷ羹ȻӵмƷ
Ҫ֪磬ƷʮޣڰƿУ档
߰ɣǼ·ɣ
ҶƮɢڰеһصӴϣóɾһ߲մȾѪһ˵
ã
ڶӴβͣӿٶȣӦȥ
ʱ˿Ҷ˼ر仯㣬Ǿ̾ѣֱ˿޷ţҶ½ķߡ

ţ߻ˣ
һϮɫֱۣϲһǺߣ͸ɭȻɱ⣬һͷϵĻͻȻǵˣɫʱ
ô˶
ܣоͻȻɱ⣬ɣ׷ǰѯʵ
߳ˣ
ƣʶüͷԽԽջ˵
ѵӦ˾ȱص˵
߳棬ܽɱ֮ˣʵС
ߣ˭ɱһ廤Ҷ֮ءʶɫ˵ֹͣҵҪ˺ηʥ
Ƕ
ʮִѸӦⲼɱ澳ܵķ󣬵ȴҶˡ
ܣҲʱ˰
ڰʱʱռޱ䣬µѹһУӦⷽԲռеľѹĩ
峤ڸʲô
ͻȻֹͣĻ壬֣أ֧ŵӦ¶֮ɫ
ոҴѶԮǧ󡣡մѶ̣Ŀ˸Ӧ峤˵
̫ˣ
֪һϢӦеһɨգ˵
峤ȹԮˣһͬɱȥɣҪ˺ЩߣΪȥ˱𣡡һƤڣӣս߰˵
ʱӦɣӦ峤ȴû¶ϲ֮ɫ˵л͸һ˿ǡ
ô峤ѵʲôʲɣһϵӦ˲ɵ
ûʲôӦһԶɹⳡƽ٣Ӧ峤ûиˣеԮֻˣʧʮ֮õͻȻع飬Щڴ
ʱһһӦһߵϢһߵȴʱӦͻȻһ͸ǿԵ
Ԯˣ
һӦ˷׷۾Զ
ǿɫףֳƷǹһϮɫۣ½ԵҶʱ׷׽ĿͶɫصӦ峤
峤Ԯֻɣ
Ӧ˵ɴ˫ۣЩйʵڸոȼսҲ֮ɢ˴롣
ţԮֻһ죡Ӧ峤˵ͷ
죬𣿡ӦЩʵ
ҲΪˣȴΣյʱˣҲĹ˵ıӦ峤͸һ˿ڴԴһɱȥ
ǣ峤
Ӧ˵׼壬ܾһ
죬һһ
ҶɨһۺڰУйƻη˵
ã
˵ͷ˲ںʵ澳磬ֳ˵ǹķ
ҶȶŲ˫ᣬԳԽʮٵٶȣײ˰
˫ᣡ
ž쫷磬ɫëһ㣬иſĲ˫ᣬذһ淢˾ԾȻˡ
޼
һ˰ɢŻйĻľֳҶ壬˲仯һΡߴľ졣
һնľĴʥͼںһһ֮ﲻƣǳΪ֮
䣡
ҶĻ޼йİ֮ײһʯײա
ǣ
Ȼں˰֮ȴȻֵסںϻľ֮Ļ޼Ŀƻ
գ֮䣬йİ֮ˣµĻ֮ݺݵغڰϣҵĲѿ˵ѺۣʵõǱÿѪ
ҶһѰһǹ뷥ͷײһ
ֲ鲢һ̺֮칥ͣǿ˷Ĺ
⡭
ĿҶһѰԼӲһĻӦ˱סˣǳͣɴ˫ۣӡĻ棬þδ˵һ仰


1841 ɱٵ
ԭʼ̥
һѰҶ罫ǵ澳ԭʼ̥ٻ˳ֳԼһͬ
̣
ԭʼ̥ͷռ̣ˡ
˵˭Ȼõ˲ǿУ
֪洫ҪһϢһʱ߽档
ʱҶԭʼ̥һͬϮµĹ޷ģֻƿŰںϰ֮ӲҶԭʼ̥Ĺ
ǧȭ
ԭʼֳ̥̣ϵŰйİ֮ʱҶ罫ĵݵ£˲˽ǧȭȭգϵغڰϣһ˰󣬲ʮʵõ
ǿ̫ǿˣǸӵʵ̫ǿˣ
ŰвѪӦ峤һԾҶս
峤ҪҪɱȥ󣡡һӦ˱ǰһĻȾս߰˵
ˣҾǵʵ󣬶ҪģǷһܣӦ峤ϵӦ뿪Ӧأռ䣬壬·
ս̬
뷥ɱ˰ʱ䣬µĹѹƣսⲻ˲ȼǿʥˣ仯ǿս̬屩һȫ¸źۣսֱ
ս첻ϵʩչ崫̳ͨһɱͨ澳ܵǹâصķˣ鷥Ĺҵɱš
֮޷ƵǴ󣬲ְɣ
ʱɫӢˬŹ龫ֵӦ峤ߣ
Ӧǿߵĸ߰ʱ˿ǲԸǲУӦ峤ҡҡͷǻǾ䣬ĵȴɣǰˣһȡʤ
죬󣡡
Ҷԭʼ̥ҹʱ측ֳҶ壬£һĹɱ
ôܣôỹ
оɢذĿֻҶĵԶԶǵһμô
䣡
컯ɹɱ󹥻£ܵѹ󣬱ѵѺ۸࣬ܲסһظ߹һصĹ
Ŵֱ½޷вҶˡ
һ񣬸ƣ
ۿ֩Ѻ۵İ飬Ҷħںһһ֮⣬һɱ޵У˰˲ʮ
ҶһƵ컯ɵ緭ľˣϯ˲ûʣµܣƻǵ壬Ͼǵ
һ̣ǿûʹƴعҪ˺ƿµӳ졣
ʱԭʼ̥Я̳ͷԭʼ̥һƴ̲ϵرһΡɽݺݵʮܵϡ
Ʒ̺֮һ֮£ǿʵǿеס̵һʣµȫ⣬һɱ
ӣ
գ֮䣬ֻܾʣˣ˵ʩչѪǿͻΧ뿪
ݣ
һ̶ƿǶУͻΧܣҶִ̳һϮ˲նǿ壬ǵ꣬˵
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ѪĲˣֳַħһҶ磬ӵʵ
һ֮ˣ֪˭ˣ
˵ţҶԭʼ̥һͬϮʣܷ
ҶһٶȲ죬գ֮ʹصĶ棬һؽۡ
ʱٹ򣡡
оҶһıʱ٣ѪֱĶ־ˣʩչѪԶȥ
ռͱҶʧĶ޷Ľơ
ǿĽˣʱҶžǧڽȭͷݺݵϣµ̵ĳˮӿУֱӽˡ
ԣɣ
ҪʱҶͷųǿֱӽߣΪԵϡ
Ҷǿƻɱʱԭʼֳ̥̣ȫѹסĹƣϼơ
ʱҶ˷ħٻͷ湭һ塣
汾ǿ֮ĩֵסҶԭʼ̥˫عֵʮҲֵסҶԭʼ̥Я֣걻ˡ
ľɣ
ɱ˰ܣҶٻ˻ľƻľɿѪܵʬ
ԼʮľеѪʬҶ²ǰ㣬ޱĻ


1842 澳
ľ˻
ȻľܵʬЧԶаܣֻŻҶ绹¶֮ɫ
ӵŻټƷ浤ڶʱͻƵǵ澳硣
ͻһǵ澳ûãżǵ棬׼һǵ澳£Ϊʵٳǵ澳磬ȣӰպ񾳡
찡ܾȻȫʧˣôģ
ҶջʱӦ˾ֵķ֣ɰİȫʧֻʣ°׿׿Ҷ磬Լֳ̣սһԭʼ̥
죬㣬սپ
ҶһƷٻ˳Ӹս߰졣
лҶ٣
Ƹǿ쳤Хһеƣη֮ն˷
һն£ռ˴̶ıΪ֮飬µĺɫâ˷ӿĿ˾ն˷ϡ
ǣ
һԺɱ澳ܵķˣµĵ뷥У˲ܡ
Ʒ
̵ʶˡ
ǿȴֵסƷ֣ս˰ʱ첻ûг߼󣬷ԽսԽ£²Ӧо챦֧ǿȵġ
ټϰܱҶնɱоȫʧأ⣬ҪѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ܣ׼ʱռг˴ܵƣ˲ռ䣬·
һ̣켤ָ˸ոյģֳն˷
䣡
һն£ر
ֲâضȾ˺ɫһնѿһ޴Ѻۡ
ۣ
£нʮܱѪ
˽ʮܵҲơ
ľɣ
ʱľƵĿռУɫ룬ͷųǿ֮ؼɢѪ
ţЩѪȼ̫ͣ
Ҷ緢֣ľ˽ʮܵѪûһ˿ļ󣬲²ӦЩ˾̫̺ͣѪҪľֻ澳ܡ
Ƶ˷һ޵սֳն˹ȥոŻܵ
ں飬ľﵽ棬ޣ޵УʵԶԶسʶˣټ޼᲻ݵʱ䣬ֻʣ¿֧ŵĻʶȫɱˡ
Ȼľֻ澳ܣ
ľնʱŻ
ǸҵţΪұģ
أ֪ĻʶûпģһХȼʥˣԼ췢һ
ʶȼʥϮû㣬ݺݵն˻ʶϣնȼյʥˡ
ɣ
ʶԱҶƻľɣ˻δɢȥʥ֮ѪŻ
ջܲ
˷սľһɰ˿Ż˿Żõ磬
߰ɣȥ
Ҷջ˻ľԡѪӰ
Ӯˣ¾еͻܣ
ŴҶ죬Ӧ˱ǵʵ۷˽ٺľ
죬ݼ壡
ϵɷӦ峤ǰ˫ֱȭ
úúã죬û뵽ƽ֮ʣ첻ԸӦ峤˫ַ𹧾죬ο˵
İ壬һܶɹⳡƽ٣ŵ˵
죬λǣ
£ǹͦεҶ磬Ӧ峤ʵ
λҶҶ磬ҵĶˣܻع壬ͻƵ澳磬Ҷ٣ܵ
Ӧ峤ãҶ΢΢һЦĿ࣬ɢǿӦ峤
Ҷӣ壬ӦĴûպκβǲӦ嶨Ӧ峤ŵ̬м
Ӧ峤ˣҶ΢΢һЦ
壬Ĵжˡʵ
֪壬壬壬嶼Ѿˣ壬ĴҲãӦ峤̾Ϣһ壬׼Ƹ壬ʱƹ
ӣߺ޵˵壬֪Ƿ紫ˡ
ģ˱ȻЩǲҴģӦ峤˵ͷ
Ǻȱ£Ȼ档ʵ
֣޵硣
˵ǻ峤ˣҽҲӦ峤
̫죬棬ǾȻˣɫһ¶֮ɫ
Ҷ綼¶˳Ծ֮ɫڽ棬̫£дԣ۷Ĵڣ̫һĶ֡
Ҫ֮ΣиѣҶһĬ


1843 
պҶ뿪Ӧ壬ٸ塣
Ĵ֮һټʹ壬ҲҴĵֱ֡
Ҷ٣ˣ̫ˣ㻹뿪ɣ
̫ȴ˵еѱԸҲη壬̾Ϣһ
Ҫôۣ̫ӦòֻҪҵƣ廹תĻᡣҶ
Ҷ٣ô֪Ĳ̫ĸʵ
ǰ̫ԴϵѯһЩ飬ңݹ峤˵ǰЩ̫꣬һֱɱ¾֮ĹжĲ̫Ƿ
ǵ֮ҵȶס棡Ҷ
ҲҸ֪ʲôط
гһ⣬ӿٶȣҶٸǡ
֮Ҷ˻ûò⣬˳һϣޱȿʯ·߽С
壡
߽ǣҶ˷壬ֵԵĵ̼ȫűյֵ꣬Ҳܿˡ
ǽֵȻ壬ȴûսĺۼŵҲ˵ء
վסǺˣʲô
û߶ԶһǶ˶УɫۣɢϢſϷŤסҶˣ˵
ôǻҪͬ⣡
۾͸֮ɫܣɭȻ˵
㡭
罣ӣܶʱᵽŨŨΣϢȫĺëֱҪʱҶһųռ䡣
һɳݺݵѹϡ
һͷܻδͱΡ
ѻ꣡
Ҷ罫ԲѵսǬУĳǿѻӿ˵Ļ꺣Уǿжǽѻꡣ
ôҶ٣ĴΣ
Ҷѻ֮Դ꣬ʥڻǵʬ壬ʵ
壬˷ֻҶѾѣ㸸ױƹ峤֮λ壬Ҳ㸸ʧȥģٲЭпʹǿӲֶΣ塣Ҷ罫֪ҪϢ졣
ɶ׾Ȼ٣塣ŭ˵Ҷ٣ֱɱȥɡ
һָо壬˸ûмϣ˵㸸ףӦûа֣ҶҡҡͷСڼ䣬ǻһȷ㸸Լû£Ż
ãǾǸͽ죡˵ͷȵҹҶ뿪Ǭ棬һ
ţһϤӰͻȻУˣ˫бŨŨɱ
ô죿ҶŤͷһĿ¶׹죬ʵ
ҿ׵Ķˡ˵
ôɣҶ¶˵Цݣλ׵ĶӾˡ
Ȼ͸ôһݴǾ°ɣ
˵꣬Ҷ˻˹ȥ
ģҲǸŮĸˡۣɢŵĿʵ
ˣ㿴ϵŮˣǶҵСŮһɫϣͷһۼ׵ߵ
ߣȥңٿϵŮˣûӳҵģʮ˵
٣ֱȥǲЩףϾҼ峤ãһˣʱң᲻ᷢʡ߽˵
ʲôЦ˵϶ѱˣܿҸ׾ܳΪ峤ʱһʰһˡ
ŵˣ߽һΪƫƧʱͻȻоеĿռ䷢˱仯
Σգ
оԲһռ䱻ƣ˶ʱ
ʱƿռѿһȱڣҶ컺˽
죬ô㣬㲻Ѿ𣿡
忴Ϥʱһϳ۾ɵùԲ¶˻ģ
ô𣿡
ɱЩӣô
˵ţб֮ƣɽľΣϯˡ
ǰֵ챦򿪽뿪
бĻ֮ɫ䣬ԥ˾ʧǰߴٵ
ôܣ
һ˲佻֯һӰ˫ֱ仯˷צץߡ
Ȼߴﵽһ۷徳磬澳Ȳ̫Զ
ۣ
գ֮䣬ߵĹƣ屻צץ顣
ľɣ
׼ԱʥʱҶٻ˻ľչɫ룬ƽ壬ӡǵʥˣǵ
գ֮䣬߾ͱľ˸ɣɥ
һŻ
ߣľһŻľ
Ŀ߱ľ˸ɵһĻոͻһǵ澳磬û˵óѶ
ž
һİ
óѶ˲䣬ͱһȷ˳ȥѪ˳
һȷ壬첢ֻֽ֣ÿ޵۾һڣ˹ȥ


1844 
죬˻ãȲҪɱ
ҪŤ岱ʱҶ翪˵
ãǾһסеɱ⣬Ҷ硣
壬Ҷ˫бǿĻ֮⣬˲佫Լû壬Զѻꡣ
߰ɣǽҹ
˵꣬Ҷ罫ԲѵԼ촫͵ǬУɢ˿ռƣֵȥ
幫ӣôôˣ
̤źҹҶ磬ȴͶ׵¶֮ɫʵ
ģҶ米˫֣ʮ˵
˵꣬ҶΪѵĿע£߽˰
˳Ҷ˳һٵĳȣһߣһ߿Ӧ峤λá
ţöƣ
ݵʱķ֣ؽƣסͷŵֲҿǿд͸ƣԥһ£취
壬ʲôﲻӭ㣡
ţһ߱ҶУ˳ԴҶ翴һɫףһ澳Ůվ¹£ŭ
ںɫ׹£Ůǰͺϸ֫ĳгɫ㣬޳ĸˣβĿŻȣ̲סĿͣ档
ţ飡
ĻԸ欵ŮӣҶϳǣƵŮ񣬺ųһŮ顣
ġ
뵽ݣҶ۾һ˹ȥ
壬ҳȫ㣡˫ؿҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
飬㸸ף͸Ҷɨһģתȥеںȥ
ţ
ҶĻüͷšһ𣬲뵽׵Ĵԥһ£ǸҶںҪˣʲô
ˣ
ҶžںʱͻȻоռ䷢˱仯ںʧˡ
һ̣ҶͻȻתųǧڽ

ͻȻ⵽鲢ţ˲ȼǿѪ֮仯ս̬۸޳˫ۣӭҶȭͷ
䣡
Ӳһ˫۸ǵ˲ˣµݺݵغϣֱӽ˳ȥصײĿռϡ
㣬ôôǿ
ȻͬΪһ棬ԼʵԶԶ壬޷ܱһȭɵ顣
ʱҶͻȻǰٻľѹ壬á
Բסˣ
Ҷ约´ݾߣûԥһƻԴδ뵽ǬС
飡
Ǭнȴ죬Ҷ籧ŻԲѵǬУһ˹
İɣû£ֻǺ±¶ݣδ˽Ҷ͵һָĶͷϣ֮齫ӻлѡ

ڻ·뵽ʲôֲ飬˻У˫ֽػס壬۾ŭҶ硣
Ҷߵʱ⵽˵ֱӴסˡ
磬磡
ʹ۾𾪵ؿ죬ڴʱ˿̣Լܼ졣
飬ңһˣ
Ὣ§˻УḧԴ簮˵
磬ЩȥǶΪ㡭
߿Ϥףۿʪˣز
Щľп˵ҪģǽΣ˵
Ҫİȥ峤Ҷ˵ͷָʵò
ǡɴ۾ű仯òҶ硣
ҶҵĶˣǾԿ֮ˣҪɹⳡѹأҪҶٰæ򵥵Ľȥ顣
ðɣȻ˵ˣҴȥף׾סԺΧ׵ˣǱҪС£ǧܱˣǵĴ˵
İɣȼ㸸ףһὫ͵ռ䣬ᷢģҶ΢΢һЦõļƻƯ顣
ãҳȥɣھȥס
˵꣬Ҷ罫鴫͵Ǭ⣬ǬϣסıԺ⡣
С㣬ôôˣ
Ժʱɫףֳֳìס飬ɵ
ôҼңȥľȥģҪͬ⣿鿴ŰͶ׵˵СԶ㣬ٷϻŤǵԴι
˵꣬ĴסıԺڹɫľϣϥϢɫ΢΢ЩƵ


1845 
飬ôˣ
ŴУСͨ飬˽յ˫簮˵
ףٿнƣкҪ˵ٵĴ
ã
Щؿһ飬˵ͷеĽơ
ף㲻ҪֿҴȥһط
ƿߣץĸ첲һͬ뵽ǬС
ǡ
ǰɾ磬ʱ仯ɴ˫ۣ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
Тݼף
ʱ֣˫ϥأ﹧Ŀͷ
죬죡
ϤģˣҲ뵽Լʱ򣬼ʧʮ졣
Ǻһˡ쿴Ｄģͬѡ
ͺãͺãｫ˫ϥص˵
ףλҶ٣ûҶ٣ҿһӶ޷ָҶ磬ܵ
ҶӣĶϷģлᣬһ𣡡м˵
ˣҶ΢΢һЦλɹⳡƽٵġ
̫ǿҪתǬѺѣ̾Ϣһ
ΪģҶ΢΢һЦ壬ҿɫãҸɡ
ãǾˣ
ԥһ£ǽԼֱ۵ݸҶ硣
壬ûиоӦжˣҶԼݣϸϸΪһ壬һɺѲ̵Ķء
ж
öɫ΢䡣
ȷʵжˣ˵ͷңҲжˣ壬˹˼أǸͽָǰ˶ҲΪж֪ױ塣
ǺƣݣпҲǱöˡҶ૵
Ҷ٣а취Ҹףýⶾ𣿡콹ʵ
ûõģԴҷж˸ְ취˴ĽⶾһĪչҡҡͷ
岻ҪôۣڵĶҿԽ⣡Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ģ
ǵ۾б⣬Ҳ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ţ
壬飬ָңھΪǽⶾ
Ȼھ綾̣ⶾ޷ҶӵлľľǿΪ˽ⶾ
ףãҶٲǷˣһܽھ綾ųɵˣ˵
ãǾͰˣ
︸ŮûԥֱӽֽҶ磬ΪԼⶾ
ľɣ
ץס˵Ҷƻľɫ룬ƽǶ壬̽ǹ뵽Ķء
Ȼľ̶Щۣ︸ŮûкһûκεĵֿȫȫԼҶ硣
ԼһʱҶջɫ룬ſ˶˵
ˣ壬飬ڵľ綾ѾˣҶ¶ŵЦݵ
ô죡
ɴ˫ۣŵ˵Լľһа취޷ľ綾Ҷֻ˲һʱͽˡ
ϸϸһʱ֣뵽ƹ֮֮ɢľ綾Ľˡ
壬иҪҪ㣬֪ȥˣҶ翴еʵ
ֻ֪̫ˣĳУĸҲ֪ƽһĵ𾪵
壬˭֪˵䣿Ҷʵ
Ҿʿ֪ʵĴͬΣգ壬˿ң峤ӦþͻƹΧ˽壡˵
ףǸô죬屻Щ̲ˣɫ԰׵˵
Ҷ٣ʲôð취𣿡콫ĿͶüͷҶ硣
Ǿ仰Ҫɹⳡƽ٣ǱҪҵУҶһ
أҵ˼Ҳ죡ͳ˵
а취ˣҶ֮Դ飬ǿ֮ԴԼȫ
壬֪𣿡Ҷһ
ȻҶӶдȻ㣡˵ͷܿ϶˵
ȻҵģҵˣԸ⳼ǱƹʣҶ˵
⡭
壬ģˣúεȷ㣬Ҷа취ҵļƻǡҶ罫뵽ļƻ˳
ȻҶ뵽ļƻЩðգ˼ãȷʵû취İ취Ŀǰľֻʣʤһ·ˡ


1846 
峿Ửĳأӵƾʷǡ
׼ʵʩƻʱҰļһҪΪ峤Լһɫۣ˫ݽգӥӣ׶о
ߣ죬۷徳ĺ档
֪㿼ǵôˣԸԸ˳壬ı¡
ֱӴķ䣬¶һ˿Ц⣬ͱ˵˵
ףӦòϣҹ˳ɣ˽յ˫Ų׵ܿϧҸı⣬ѡ񳼷
ﻰ䣬׵üͷšһ𣬶¶һ˿֮ɫ
ĸԸ壿ҿĻϲɣ۽Ǽһµ
ףҷһαӣȰ˵ҹ˳ҹ˳λá¶һ˿м棬ԸǵжʱƹҪӦһ
ʲô
ݽյ˫⣬·Ҫ˼
ΪԼ˽ⶾ
򵥣ҿԴӦ㣬ҲҪӦһ˼һµ
˵
ҪӡǣԷؼʱѣ
ԣֻҪΪңΪ˽ⶾӡǣһЩε˵
ȻӦ㲻Ҫֿھӡǣֻ֮㣬˽ⶾ¶һ˿Цݵ
棬Ҹұ֤ĸԸ˳ģǧҪĹơ׽˵
˵ŵһ
ʩӡǣҲ㣡
ȣļֵ󣬶Լӡǣú˲پ衣
ҡ
ȻҪΪ峤ʧȥɣһָо϶ҲԸ˿ƣ֮ô϶к֡
ɣ
￴һܻףر۾ɺӡǣꡣ
棬ңҽҩ˰ɣоĴڣЩ̾Ϣһ
峤ģȻӦˣȻҩɹӡǣ泹׷Ҫûʳԣóһƿҩ
л
պƿҩл
峤ˣֻҪһΪ£ұ֤㡣
˵꣬鲻ĺ뿪ˡ
û뵽㾹ȻҲһͷ
Ѽӷˣջѣҧгݵ˵
ףǲԼĴҪסûˣû˼ֵڷϵ㣬Ҳң￴ŰиԼ¶ͼ߸ˣ׼˻ݺݵؽѵ
㣡
ֻ۷ܣͻƵ澳磬ټﻹ֮ԼĶ֡
£
ɫһ䣬¶ϵһ棬ݿܵ
ҾʹҵҪĹжӲ
ûڷϻɫ׷͵Ĺм
֮ĴսҲ֣ò˸Χۡ
䣡
ؼ˾졣
ؽмҵĽ֣µĹϵգؽѡ
ףƾʵҲԣǻˣ
˵ţͻȻʩչɱУƵ׵Ĺ
ţƴױûצݺݵĴϣֱӽӰĴ˵棬ҳһӡ
ѪΪǱؿӣٻȫŻʱٻ֮Ʒӡ˾ݺݵѹ
׵ʵͲӡ⵽ѹǿѿѪۣѪȪӿȾŵ档
㲻ɱңɱңһѵģ
ֵסӡѹ岻ѵ׵ˣһ߱仯ս̬һ߳ɤӴ
׵ľ棬ﲻΪӡ弴ʱջӡ
ףθһССľ棬ٸðңұ֤ŤԴι
ŵѪУƼصףؾ
ʱһߵĺˣٶĵ裬Ǳ뿪
ݺݵؽѵףʰо֣һԺ˽ƣӡռ䣬뵽ǬУҶƽ꺣еӡǡ


1847 赶ɱ
ˣѾ꺣еӡ£ӡ飬Ҳ޷˺꣡
Ҷһջӡϵ֣˵
Ҷӣֶ
ϸϸһԼµӡǣӡ΢ԣ׷
Ҷ٣лл
ö˳Ҷؾһм˵
ҶӣҪʲô𣿡ȫŷҶ磬ѯ
׾ĸԸķ⹰ˣһڱƲǱҪⷢ⣡Ҷ˼һ˵
ҲɱǸͽЩУʱ»鷳ЩΪѵ˵
ţȷʵɱǿԽֳҶ¶˽ЦݵҲ֮ܶĹϵ
Ҷ٣׼ô
˵ĿˢˢͶҶϡ
ϣֻҪúΪܶ£ҶЦ˵Ժ˼ƻ
ʱ֣ɫۣɫ΢΢Щ԰ףҶƴʶ뿪صԼĸۡӣʼι䣬ѰŻᡣ
һϹȥ嶼ûҵᣬλصԼۡϢһҹڶι䣬Ѱſɳ֮
һι죬ûзֺûᡣ
Ҷ֮ͨĶԻ֤ʵ˲ٲ²⣬ײģİ취Ӷ¶ȡƿȨ
ߣȥֹ䣡
һϮɫۣʮӣΪ֣ݺݺ࣬ƮŨŨ֣֬ѰŻᡣ
š
ֺ;¥ҹ¥ʱܵӰһǵúǺֶӣһ澳ĺԡ
ڵ˻ᣡ
Ҷ֪ͨ꣬´
Ŀ꣬ҡһѻŮͼȣͬ£ŵߵ˵ƻַͨǷЦĲҹ¥С
Ӵүôпˣ
߽ҹ¥¶Ű֮ɫ壬һű¶ŨױĨӭ˹Цݵ˵
СѩŶҺȾƣ
ɨһŨױݿܵ
⡭
ŮӣŨױʱΪ
ôڣüͷһ壬ʯһбŨŨĺ⡣
ǣŶոձĿ˵ˣСѩƶȾ𣿡ŨױЦŽ͵
ģӽ鲻ãҽ㲻ҹ¥ˣ
ͻȻסŨױĲӣһ˫׶۾ؾ
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뵽ݣɢɷǺٸҵȿ޻ҪѿЦݵ
ʱ俴Ҷǲ
˵꣬ӣᳵ·λ¥һ᷿
أ
ոյһƣյűײˣɷ˽
㣡
ǿһ᷿еʱϳ¶֮ɫ뵽ﶼƣϵɫȡ
壬ź٣ʶʵ㣬˻٣Ŀӳԣؾһ壬׼뿪
ģʲôô˵ŲŤǵĹͷҹ˱Ʊŵ˵
ţ壬ǣ
ܶʱɭȻ˵
ôˣһɱǣ
ֻ񾳽磬һ澳֮ž޴ʵࡣ
գ֮䣬ͳǰɷצ˫֣Ƕ˵ؿڡ
ͻȻ⵽幥˱ܵҪ㣬˲䣬һɳ֮ݺݵѹϣѹ壬ӻǵж
ۣ
צƿǶ˵ؿڣסǵ࣬Ƕ˲ŵĿע£ſˡ
һ̣Դͷ߷˴ʯǶ˵Ļ꺣ֱӽǵɢˣʴɵ᷿òݡ
壬٣ôˣ
ĿǰһĻɵˣɵ㶵壬ͷð˴亹
ģ˭ɱˣ
ܱһɢʱӵұƵĺоˣһɲбɱڵĳ֧һ᷿⡣
壬ôĹɱˣ
ɱ֮˾Ȼ׵Ķ壬Ըӵķŭ߳ŭ
ɱ£ֲҰҶ˴ʶӲ˵ʶĸϿҹ˺ǡ
úúãû뵽㻹һӲͷٿһЦĳ𣿡
ľ棬Էŭˣܻ籡壬һȭؿˣµȭâױȵѹȸУ壬Ҫ顣


1848 ͱ
ߣȹҲң
ԺԺȭâ岻ܣһȭؿϣһǿֵ֮סˡ
ţս
Ÿ棬ǿƵս¶֮ɫɫҲû뵽徹Ȼһֵɹ嶼ûеս
սҶףӵףڲ֮ء
죬ӡ
֮ʣٻҶһƷ죬ٵҡγ˴ƣռ䣬˺Ե˵·ס
壬ɣͲš
ռ䱻ٻƷƣĪĲһ˿û뵽ĵôȻ
ôˣ¶˳֮ɫһжǾȡ־͹ǷҸףѡǸƥ򡣡
㲻Ҫְɣ
Ӹо̬ԣѸٵǰȰ
Ҳɱ
۾ѪɫӣɭȻ˵
㵽ôˣѰɣ
ӿҪˣɱ˺ԣǺ̫ˣһŭ˵¾һ
ÿǰɣǾȥɣ
屩һƳצץ˿ץ˵ǰӡ
ֻͨ񾳴ֵסĹգ֮䣬Ƕ˵ķͱޱȵצץƣǱ
أ
ӱ壬Ѫ
ӣԷˣ
ԼҲɱᵽŨŨΣϢѸٸ洫Ѷ
Ҳȥɣ
ԴѶʱҶ缤ɱ屩һͷųɱֳƷɽն˺ˡ
һ
оɽľĿֻȻδȴӵйв
ͣ
һն䣬ռ䱻ޱȵķɽһؽۣһһ㲻ն룬Ǳɽ飬
һնɱһˣʤ׷ֳַɽȫ˲佻֯ޱȵĽۣиһеһ⣬Ĳˡ
壬Ҿ㣬Ѿ﷢¸ˣϾͻ˺ңһš
գ֮䱻ɱˣˣ˺ʩѹ
˭Ҳûãɣ
ԺԵľ棬岻Ϊ˲仯ǿսָ̬Ÿոն÷ɽģȫ˺ԡ
ʥ𣡡
ϮһʩչĪٶܣһޱȣͨʥĺʥ𹥻
ʥ󣬵ȴ޷׵ķ˺塣

ȫʱͻȻ˾춯أߺ˺ԡ
ˣ
⵽ͷŵԵٶȸܵӰ졣
ʱһƥеĽâһն˷Ӧһ˿ٻĺԡ
Σʱ̣ᵽŨŨΣϢĺԱ㣬ɽâƶٶ̫죬գ֮仮ļնѪȪһӿ˳
壬飬ҵţһұģ
ֱ۱ɽն䣬۵ĺɫ԰ף˵
ߣʰģ㿴һˣ
һնԵֱۣʤ׷ģϵؼŷɽĹ׷ɱܵĺԡ
Ϊʱ䣬Բϧ۵ĶһǿĵƣֵɽĹ
κηɽƷһƿԵֵġ
ڷɽâ£ԴһˣһαɽУն
ȼգ
ȣ۱ɽն䣬һߵĺʩչ˺һطͨȼʵȫһ
һĺӰƳ壬ХŹ壬Ҫˡ
ûʩչε޷׵ķ
ҷųβ߲µķɽâ£ϮĺӰɽâֱصĺǱ㡣
˲䣬һǿѣͻȻ꺣УһʱڴһƬհס
һֳַ̣ɽնһ޷Ӧĺն˳룬նɱ
壬뿪
ɱԵ˲䣬Ҷ
ǣ
ҶȫƵ壬Ѹٺ֧ǽڣԾ˰УԼٶԶȥ
ոûã滯һ̣˺ҹԶ߷֧飬ȥ¥յĲҹ¥
ʱ뵽ŭ֮У˲ҹ¥
ף壬ҵţ涨ţΪԶ𣡡淢޷Ƶŭųɱ׸ۡ


1849 
䣡
׸ۡյĴűһǿֱӺˣ޴ۡ
ڴۡʱһֻȼźɫʥĺ𽻮ƺҹֱӽۡճ˻ҽʬ޴档
棬ôˣôô𣿡
ҴҸףɫʥճɻҽûֺ棬ʵ
ףٸװ⣬ҪһĽֱš˫͸ŨŨɱ⣬ɭȻ˵
⡭棬ʴδ㰡׷ʲô¡źɢɱ⣬Ŀֻæʵ
㻹װ⣡ŭ˵ҽг
棬ѵǷ㣡׹򶨵˵ҹ߻ˣеĵط
ʲôصó͸棡
ɱֶӣ㻹Ұŭɶ˵ǲţҲ
ʲô
Ļһ׵һֱɵۡ
棬ǲŪˣôɱ˹ֶӣǲ˹ݺǣ
ŪˣԶǰҴѶŪջ˵ףҵޣӳҴɱ䡣
⣬ûҲ֪ȥˣ׸е̬أãƽϢ˺еŭ˵һ֮֡
Ƕȥɣ
ҲƲסеŭ𣬱仯ǿս̬ȼȵĺɫʥ𣬹׵ˡ
棬ºΣҸҶ϶Ǳԩģ˹ݺǣ
һ߷ֵ͵Ĺһ߱
ͱŭͷ׵Ľͣϵʩչͨ͵Ĺȫ׽ڽڰˡ
棬ס֣
ھ޴֮ʱˣɷĺ
Сڿˣ
۾˸׹⣬ջûһֻצץ塣
зʱ㣬ܿ˺һץ
׷ʲôֶɱ𣿡Խĸе˲
ף㻹ִԲѾǣǲˣ
ӣסڣ㵽ôˣ֪Լʲô׶ʱһʵǺʮֵء
ҵȻ֪Լʲôǿ˵Ҳ뵽˾Ȫ֮£޷ڡ
㡭
˵һǵʱ˿Ҳ֪λǰΣƽϢеŭˡ
ףǻʲô˵ģ۽Ǽó˴Ѷ飬崫ѶǸϵ׸ۡ
ӣǱ㺦ˣ
֪Լ⣬涼ԼˣҪֻͻΧ뿪һ·ˡ
ܣ
濴ͻȻۡȥһٺӰסҵɱ
ٿ飡
ٻһȼĹŹٵź档

⵽һ׵Ĺżȫŭ˺棬ǿĹӲһȵĺɫʥ𣬻һĻߣſ塣
۷壬ŭһռ䶼ĺɫʥյŤӻٶȡ
ǿкŤռʱٷɳ۵Ļ߱ˣ˲佦޾Ļ棬壬˲ȼӡ

ҵĺУȵĺɫʥճ˻ҽʬ޴档

屻ճ˻ҽ׵۾Ѫɫ
屻Ψһļ̳ˣ׵Ѫʵֲ̫׵ʵ޷ɱ
Ѫݣ
֮£˽ԼˣȼǿѪһѪȫܡ
ոӵۡԵҴҸסҹ¼ս
ǻڵʲôٳǣ
ֵס͹ڸִ
󲿷ֺˣ׷ӳ˸ֻۡ׵ְС
ҵɱңµϵشݻ׸ۡǣǳ뵽С
ڼɱУֱɱ׵ҲԽԽء
룬ûǰȴѶ׵˵·
ʱ֣ɱ棬ʮ񣬱ش壬ԱʥˣڲʣںޣԱ


1850 
ˣ
棬漤ɱʱһֱͷǿעⳡսоԱʱ¶һ˿ϧ
ײѡѣ֣ȫлɱˡ
ܿϧױҰĺɱ˫ۣ˺С
棬׸ӣȫϣ̧֣Ҫɱˣ
ﺦºɱɱ޹һʱϵ׸ۡ
ң
Ȼɱ׵ˣͬСոԱɱһ棬һ棬ĺζըˣֻɱйޡ
棬Ѿɱ˲ˣְɣӺŭӲ˵
ҪǵãʩӵӡǣҪɱ㣬ֻһͷջľ
ҵȻǵãҲ˱޹ɱη˵ҪɱˣʹϷʬϲȹɡ
㡭
û£ϵɱԽԽŨ뵽ļֵ뵽壬ļƻڴʱ˿ɱΪ׸ոձɱԼɱ弫пʧأǺԼе
úúãҸһӣٸңǾͱҴɱˣ
գռŭ𣬺ؾһص뿪ˡ
Ҷ٣һôߣ
صҵҶ磬ѯһƻ
壬ϵʣ취ȡΣ䡣Ҷ˼һ˵
ã
˵ͷó˴Ѷ̣ϵʡ
ܱ壬ܽǿĽƷӡжһеĴѶﶯκεķ޷ϵʡ
壬֪ʣ˭п֪䣡
ʼ޷ϵʣҶ뵽˼У˼һʵ
ţдԣ̫սʱһλ۷淥һͬ棬Ӧ֪׼ȷλáһҪӴ˿л֪䣬ܡ
棡Ҷ۾һ壬鷳㶯һȷⷥҵˣа취ڸ䡣
ģ۾һˣѰҷӦòѡ
ͨ׷鷥ʱصû£潫Ƿ󣬸⵽˽ѵ⣬Ϊջ
ܿ죬¹ȥˡ
У鵽ںУΪ˿Ʒ棬ѾûɻԵҶ磬ѪãۣѪʨ꺣ɻ˻
ȻָɣѪãȴ¶į֮ɫΪ֪ҶѾѾûʸҶĽŲˡ
壬ȥ壬취Ʒ棬ԼСЩڽǼ
ʱҶǱˣǬ뿪ǣǷȥ
Ҷ뿪ûãһֱδ¶ĺҵ֪Ҳˣ忪ʼжȥǱƹ
߰ɣ
֪屻ƵϢ̾Ϣһûж˵ټʮ֣źһǰĺĽǡ
Ȼȥ֪ҪһѪȷ磬Ѿû·ֻܽϣҶϣϣ˳ȳˣȶ֣ߡ

ʣǰڸߴϢ嶼ѱ壬˿ƣҽ壬׼һͬƹ㽻֮λϣ澳ʹµĶ
ƹһϮɫۣͷڣһŽӲϣŭɢǿ֮ʣ˵ĿĲǱƹ
֪峤һͬƹΪˣҲ֮ܽλ֮ܽ뿪أ
Ϊʲôüͷ˵
ûв´ǿһͬƹĿΪ˿ʵ壬֣ҿԺ޹˼ɵĽ֮Լ֮ǣ峤ǾͲһˣϾǣһ˼ɣɱ˸峤ܶʱסƣδҲˡ
ô죬ڻŤתƵĻ𣿡˵
ҪŤת棬ֲֻСһ
䲻д˼̫ܾˣҪؼʱվŤתƸܡüͷŵ˵
Ѿ֪ˣ˵
ģ
۾һʡ
汻̫һʯĹУ͸¶һҪϢ
Ȼ֪䣬ȥԮɣ󽹼˵
;ס֡
֪䣬ҵһʱ֮ǰȥԮ̫ӡĹڵʯ̫̣ʯֱ̫˷ӡҵʵ޷ƿʯ̾Ϣһ
ô죬Ȳ棬ĴΣգǵ˵
һʱ䣬һ뾡һа취棬޷޵ʱȳ棬ֻˣƹʱɱ䣬ˣ˫͸һĨɭȻɱȻ


1851 
ţݣ壬ټǰ˽ǣ
Ҷٻ˫ᣬԼٶȷʱӵܴѶ
֪ӦѾ뿪˺ǣҶı˷ǰ֪˵ıؾ֮·ɽ׼ط棬ѹơ
ɽΧԵһ಻ɽɽвɽɽ޳ûʮֵΣգӡ
ͻȻĳһ죬һޱȾ޴սɽϿգµϢϯҰŵòɽɪɪ
棬֪ƹʱ̫峤̫峤֣ʽغ֮ڲ֮أ
һϮɫۣޱȵǿ׳һɽ˲ɺоĺ峤һǵ˵
İɣ̫峤ȫ׼ģ
ں峤棬Ӱ˵
бһɴȹ¶ѩ׼޳˫ȣͿױŮӡ
۷棬˴壬λ̫ķ档
Ǿͺãõı֤˺峤еĹǣŷĴѾŮӵ·ϣ֣峤Ц˵ˣͲŷˡ
¡¡
ں峤׼뿪ʱٷɳ۵սͻȻ⵽˹µݿսĽƣս˺峤ˡ
ʲôˣôĵӣʱ򹥻Һս
ͻȻ⵽ŭ˺峤Ѹٴź뿪˺սƯɽϿգѰſ֮ˡ
ǣ
峤˷ɳսѰҵʱڵĴͻȻˣһޱȵĽâ˺˿ռ䣬ԼĴ˷棬ŵеŮӾִС

û뵽Ȼ˸͵ϮȻŭѰҳĽâӡһƣµâںŴ˷ӿ֮һâ
ಣ
â飬ֳųǿ֮Ĺ飬˷棬ӡâײһ
䣡
Żͬʱˣµ˲գϯ˷档
۷棬ս£׵ֵסŻĹ
һȭ
ڷŭķ˺ƻ籩ʱݵĴг˾ХŹ˷棬ϣӲһ
Ȼ汻ˣ⻯ɵĿȻ޷˵壬׵ֵסˡ
ɱб滯⣬͵ϮʧܵصǬУţҶǬɿռ䣬ԼٶԶȥ
ӣ
εȵĿ£˺ɿռǬһȫ׷ɱҪסɱ͵Ϯˡ
棬Ī׷ǻȥ˵ɣ
ͻȻ⵽ú峤ᵽһ˿ѰϢɱڵķ
ȸ·һɱǣǻϣԸ˵ûн͵Ϯ
Լ۷ʵɱѴ֮վʵҲȫƵ
䣡
Ǭɿռٶ죬ȴԶԶ棬ܿͱɹķΧϳŷٻ֮γɵһɹǿĹ
⵽湥Ǭķܵ˼ѹǬȼܸߣʱס˷Ĺſռ䣬ɽȥ
⣬ռ䱦ôôǬ
Ŀ˾ҲǬԼоǬЩ죬ǬǬ
һ֣ᶨ˷ɱˣȡǬľģϵؼӿٶȣǬ֮ĹٻһƷȼĳìһìſռ䣬Ǭ

Ʒì£ǬķˣµĹǬУǬռ˺ˡ
죬ӡ
Ǭռ飬Ҷ磬ٻ죬γصƣռ䣬˷·
ţһǵ桭ࣿ
оҶʵ¶˲֮ɫ쾹ȻС
ڱƵĿռ䣬⣬ԼּܺɱҶ磬ƿռвԡ
û뵽绹࣬ĲңɭȻ˵
棬ΪԼ޵У
ɹռ䣬Ҷλڻλߵķ棬η˵
ôƾϣ뻹ҲɣӵؿҶ
ȷʵ˲㣬˿ԣ
˵ţҶ罫ǰøոձɻȫʴ˴ʶ˳۷аٻ˳
۷а棡о۷аɢǿаɫʱˣ㵽ʲôˣôշ۷а档
ֻ֪Ҫ˳ңҾ͸㣡ҶЦЦ˵
˵Ǿɣ
ͻȻеһ˿ûҶϻֳƷȼĳìЯǿҶ硣

۷аͻȻ˽յ˫ֳּƷӭ˷档
ײһʱ˲䱬ݿռ䣬ռһ޴ĺڶؾ䡣


1852 ۷а֮
⣬Ʒ
оǿ͸ƷìֱУɫ䣬¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
ʱȫ϶ԼȦס
Գʵǿһı˵ûãܱһ̤
죬ٳ
ΪսپҶ罫ٻ˳Ʒͷ湭Χɱ棬ǣľ
飬ںϣ
ӹͷ湭ں飬˲佫ʵ澳磬ٵͷ湭һŷ塣
ȻƷףͷ湭Ʒ澳Էͷ湭ǿĹ
⵽ͷ湭ľܵ˼ǣƸǱ۷аѹơ
ħ壡
ܵУʩչطͨ仯ǿħ壬ǿ׳屩һǴ

ħֵס۷а˲ڰлûһӰѱٶȣͻȻ죬ҪȽɱ
죬
Σʱ̣еҶ罫촫͵ǬУ÷ŭһգҵմ̳һ׵Ŀռڶ
ʧܣоΣգѸתĵݵ£̳һƥìӰյӣ۷а档

а۷а˫ֽ֯һ²Ӱһ˷̳ìӰƵĹ
ƥìӰ˲ϢѸٵ㣬ܿӰ
аΣ
㣬۷а淢һײеаȵΣ籡壬ӿ˷棬˲ΧĿռ䣬ΧγаΡ
ţ۷а趯ŷ棬ֳֻƷìӲ
䣡
춯صײռ·һӣҡء
Ӳʮܲס͹˫۱µòѺۡ
սͬı뺷ħӲֵס۷аĹδ·硣

ʹɱʱͻȻſͣ³һɫ˸ǹ۷а档
䣬췣
㲻۷а汻˲䣬ʩչ˻طͨ췣Ĺߺ۷а档
أ
⵽췣۷а屬ˣδȷˣ۷аʩչͨ˲޸Ĳ壬˸淢
ģô۷аģ
̵۷а治ͨĿ£Ҳеһ˿֣⡣
ʱֻ֪ɱ¾۷аٴƳĺɫаһĺԣռ䣬ŷ档
ڷ׵ķµаʱ۷аӵУӡ˲ƥеһơ
а֣
һ䣬·תһֻīĴִĵƣ죬޼᲻ݡ
ۣ
ӲӲ۷аӡа֣һһѪ˳
һ̣۷аһھѪĹ˳ȥն˷档
Ȼ䣬رѣµռ䣬ݿ͸Ʒףƻŷ塣
̣֮
ʱҶ֣֮Ʒ̵ǿʧأڽڰ˵ķĺ󱳡
꣡
Ʒս⵽ǿһʱˣµ֮ϵӿ뵽УƻٴѪ
첻ܾ
⵽شվ沢ţѸʩչ˻Ķͨ첻ܾٵ޸ˣʵ
嶥ܹȻѶԸ
оգۼ䱻첻ܾ޸Ҷüͷšһӵſµͨ۷аһӵв֮Ҫش졣
ǰبǰ֪Ƕ˭ְܳѹһ۷塣
о۷аѹʩչ첻ܾķ棬Ҷ粻ò۷棬ǰ
һʱ䣬ҰԸ
ʱϥһľ֮£֮Դָ˲ʵһ׿ȺبŴӦ
лǰ
Ȼبδ޷۷ʵϾ̫֮ףֶͨҲûá
ľռ䣡
Ϊ˽һѹƷ棬ͻΧĻᣬҶ罫ľٻ˳ƻľɫ룬ռ䡣
ľСӣ
Ҷڰս䱩¶ľʹ˻ĶУԼҶٻľϳ
ң
˵ţҶƻľҡҷγ˴Ļй⣬˷棬ѹסĹʱ䡣


1853 ѹ
̫ơ
֪ҶݣĵĲԽǿңϵķ˻ɱҶ磬۷аǵͷʩչͨҪ˺ƻľķ뿪
ľȼƷ£Ĺϼ޷˺ƵĿռ䡣
ʱӵв֮۷аɱ˹ֳսһ𣬲ͻΧ뿪Ļᡣ
̫𣡡
汩һȫĵݵ£һ򷨵һ۷аϣµٴ塣
۷аѵ˲䣬˼Ʒݺݵն˷ϣϵ㽫롣
ܾˣ۷аͷѵһ˲޸ˣٴμսһ
˼ɱʱҶƻľҡҷγĻй⣬ϵعŷ棬ǣĹʱ䡣
أһʱȥˡ
ʱһ÷о־ǬͷųһϮ£ƮƮ׿Ⱥ湫ģبֳּƷ齣ˡ
بţبš㾹Ȼû
بӢףɴ˫ۣ·𿴵˹ֵĴ
죬û뵽ǻټһ죡بڰУ۾ɵùԲķû뵽ôȥˣ°ܽҲ۷澳ˡ
بţ湻ģȻϣѾ£̫峤磬ˣ̫峤һһʱ֪ʱǾͷҲӲ̫峤׷ɱ򶨵ľ
ôȥˣ㻹˵ɣ˵ⷬ𣿡بҡҡͷһ˲ưڷǰֳ齣
ոյĴΣգ⵽بŵĹĹƱȫѹƣֻʣм֮
̻첻ܾһδ޸֮űľƵĿռ䣬ѰܵĻᡣ
ͣ
һռ˺
بһռ䣬˷壬µĽâ롣
ǿ޸ʱֱ۷аֳ
ʩչ첻ܾȻһδ޸壬ÿһ޸Ķܴ󣬵ĵ£޷ʩչ첻ܾҲ͵ˡ
䣬췣ƽ
أᵽŨŨϢ˹بź۷а棬ϧ۵Ĺ˱ľƵĿռ䡣
죬㻹ӣ
ب¶һ˿Цͦεӿ˿µĿռ֮γ˿µĿռڶֱӽ췣֮ûˡ
ռڰأռڶ
ب۵ĿռڶҶ۾ˣû뵽بŶԿռô̵ͷ
ڣ
췣بƵȼǿѪ֮ǿĿռڣγڣһΡɽѹبţ۷а档
ռ䣡
ѹبŲû㣬һɼ˰УɹĿռ䣬ϵطѹϵڸǲ顣
˲Ϣ֮䣬بʩչռھر仯ռ䣬Ƶڣ齣âһνصķն롣
ˣ
оѾʮأʩչ첻ܾ޸ٶȴ󽵵ͣҶƻľѹ֮ϣóһɻԣʴ˷Ļ꺣
ʲô
⵽ɻʴصķ˾ŭ𣬿µƴؿɻԣԼĻ꺣
һɻԲ뷥Ļ꺣
ȻأϾ۷澳ܣҶóɻԣڷѵģԿƷ档
֮£Ҷ罫ոջصʣɻȫ˳˷꺣
ɻһͬʴ£˲䱻ƣµɻ֮뵽˷꺣У˾ĺ
بǰ۷а棬ٰѹǧҪԱ
ҪһԱҶһŬһبź۷а棬ȫѹ档
ã
بŵ˵ͷͷǿӿ˷Уǿзӡ塣
ʱҶƻľɫƽ˷壬һзӡʧȥ˶Ŀơ
ˣ뿪˵
ɹӡ˷壬Ҷ棬بţ۷а洫ͽǬУջ˽յ죬Լٶɽȥ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷоɻѳɹ뵽꺣У˽Χһ嫵ĺУ뵽Ǭڡ


1854 
棬ңʲôط
Ҷ˻Բѵķߣǿнѣʵ
ĹУĹڱ峤µһʯӡ˸޷뵽棡滺ſ۾ҶʱԵһ£ȴ޷ֵԵĿƣԹԵؽҶ硣
ȻҲµһв̫
֪ϢҶԵһĿǰľֻҪܽĹоȳƣȫϣɹⳡƽ١
̫ԼǽıҶ粻ݿܵ
̫峤һսͬأֻȫֹһʱ䣬һƻǽʩѹЩ˼ɣ׶صɱ䣡潫Լ֪ȫҶ硣
֪ǱƹӶһ죿Ҷʵ
֮󣡡
գʱеҶ죬͸ߣңպ˵һһݻԵ̤񾳽硣
ллҶ٣
Ȼ治ҶĻʱ˿ֻ̣ѡ񳼷
ĹλãҶʵ
ǣ潫Ĺ׼ȷλøҶ硣
ӷ֪ĹλãҶ뿪Ǭٻ˫ԼٶĹȥ
Ĺǿ̫ʼĹأʥأȺɽһԴͷ
Ⱥɽڵˣ
һʱ·ٶµҶڷɵɽ಻߼ʵȺɽ⡣
öĽƣ
ҶͷǿȺɽʱɽб鲼ƣвٽԶһ澳ܹв
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
ҶȺɽеĽƣԼٶȷɵɽУշ֪·ߣԼٶλȺɽĹȥ
󵨣ǺˣΪôȺɽ
Ҷٻ漶꣬ŷ˵ĹƵȺɽеĽʱȺɽĽ֣һӲӵĽȺɽȥסҶ硣
Բסˣ
ʱҶûǷϻٵȶ˫ᣬһ쫷磬һ͹
ǿսȺҶЩδﵽ澳޷Ҷ繹в
˫ṥ£һӴĽ⵽شǧ׳Ⱥɽһľɽҳһ޿ӣ뵽С
Ҷ֣ҶûмٶȣԽһǿĽƣĹ
¡¡
ĹʱҶǰľͻȻ˱仯ããȺɽʧһӿ׺ǰգҶ硣
̣ƣ
ǿƻû׺Ҷϵٻ̣붯ӭȥ
䣡
һı
ڲϱһ̹£ӿȵ׺ϵ飬ռǱ˵Ѻۡ
漶꣬ƣ
ȫʱݵƵʱ漶ӶڰлһɫӰϵعޱȼӲӲһǰˣƵвһ澳ܵĽơ
׺ʧҶٷУԵʵ˺һĽʱȺɽ˱һʮɸߣǿƣɢɫâʯӡĹ
ھ޴ʯ֮£Ҷ翴һۣȲֳһɢŻ֮ӡ
ȻҶûмʣҶ翴ֳʱµݣ֮ƿʡ
Ҷ緢ʣҲڵһʱ䷢Ҷ磬һ˸оϢĿֲбҶ硣
ʣ㲻ҪᣬģʹǰҶ
һĹ𣿡
Ҷİף˫бŨŨɱ⣬Ҫ֮նɱҶ硣
ʣԲңӦţ
оɢĿֲϢҶĪĸеĲٻ˳
죬ô
ʧѾõͻȻ֣üͷһ£ûٵһʱ乥Ҷ硣
ݼʱ£
֮˫ȹأĳʿͷѸٽȥ˳
Ŀţ
ΣУʺİҶ磬ɵʵ
ʱ£һλҪ㣬ҲĻӦûţ
˵ţҶ罫بŴǬٻ˳
ب֣ô㣬㲻Ѿ
ͻȻֵبţоɢϤϢסˣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ûɱЩӣôب¶˵Цݵз磬Ҷֵ֮ˣǰġ
ô֪ĹУ
֪֮ĳޣبţ۾е˲٣ʵ
Ϊǿס˷죡بŵ
ʲôˡ


1855 Ĺ
з磬ŵùǣͽ񽻸ǰɣǻ취ȳģب˵
بཻ֣꣬Ȼŵù㣬ĹʯӡҶ޷ƿҪȳ죡̾Ϣһ
ȥǿŴӱĵطҶ˼һ˵
ûõģĹռ䣬ط޷룡ҡҡͷ
ô֪أҶЦЦɿճٻ˳
⣬ɿճ棡
Ű׶೤ͨڣһڷݵɿճ棬ʵ۾
ɿճӵɿռ涴һĹͨӦòѣҶ˵
úúãͰиˣֻҪܾȳ棬ΣһлǣҶӵɿճ棬ʿ˾ȳ⣬ŵ
һеȽΣ˵ɣҶ΢΢һЦΪȡǰΣʱ괫
ã
ʵ˵ͷóһö괫Ҷ硣
ʱ£ݷ˵е̫첢ˣķǰܾˣֻ֧һʱ乥Ϳ飬У壬պƹʱ»Ҫ׼Ҷ͸¶ҪϢ
л
۾һҶ֪ϢʮֵҪ
ˣʱ£ͽˣٻȥְִɣҶߴٵ
ãһаˣ
˵꣬ͨȺɽеĴ뿪Ⱥɽص˽ǡ
ɿճ棬ˣ
뿪ҶݣҵһռԱλãɿճٵɿռ䣬ǿдͨĹͨ
ɿճޣʱ䣬ɳһǧ׳ĿռͨӽĹռڡ
ɿճͨʱ壬ȴΪĹʧ뵽޴֮С
ңʧǰʲôˣ
һɫۣһڣӥӣ˫·źɫУ޾׹ȱ˵
ӲǱˣǲĴˣһ峤档
棬;ɽʱͻȻ⵽Ϯ׷ɱ͵Ϯ֮˶ȥӴѶ
峤ĵ裬ʱ˳
棬ͻȻʧܲ򵥣֪ѹˣ岻ˡ
һϮɫۣλڷ棬澳İ˼һ£ɫѿ˵
̫ʱ䣬ǻδʱƹȴʧˣᵽ˲ѰϢ
Ӧʳˣ峤˼һ˵
ţʳֵĿԱȽϴ󣬲ѹ˷Ҳ޷ıˣαɭȻ˵
鷥䣬һϢһʱ֪ͨңջ
ʣҵСֶˣڳ̫ˣѾˣ
ʱֹܿȥһʱ䡣
ڣԳиŬ£䴩һͨĹͨ
ݣ
ͨͨҶɽ˰˶ߵĿռ涴У뵽ƮŨŨϢĹС
ʲôطأ
֪ĹܴҪĹҵҲҪһʱ䣬񣬾ƹֻʣʱ䣬ҶҪץһʱС
أ
ҶԼݣѰʱĹеоİϢ׷һޱȾ޴ѨУſѪڣ͵깥
ԣɣ
⵽깥ҶȫͬʱٻԣԿٵ䶯γǿУϽɣԵϣһɱ䡣
󵨣Ǻˣô뵽ģ
Ҷһ߿꣬һѰʱһ쾪װŭ
һ̣һҺɫۣͷѩףɢŨŨߣֳһޱȾ޴ͷȳˡ
ˣоɢǿҵϢҶĴϲæ˵ʱίУǰġ
ߣϷĹ𣿷ߣ̤Ĺɱ⣡һбǿ۷ҪֻɱôĹҶ硣
ǰʱµ괫ǰһ֪ûƭˣҶ罫˳Ӹ˻ߡ
šзģʵĴüͷ΢΢һ£ɵ˵
ǰ˽壬Ӧ壬壬嶼壬ƣֻǰֲΣҶ罹˵
⡭
ðɣȻ㣬Ҵȥ񣡡
ԥһ£ǴҶ֮أϥһϵѨϣѨе֮˵
࣬ϥߣɢϢǶ۷澳ܡ


1856 ؾ
Գˡߣ˵괫
û뵽Ĺڱʯӡ£Сѻܽ뵽ĹУǲ򵥣˽յ˫ɫƽĿ峺Ҷ磬˵
ǰ˺ذ
ҶԸӦһƺء
˲ʲôҡҡͷ߰ɣǳȥʱЩˡ
ǰȲҪа취ʱָ߳ƣ
أԶԶ飬بŵˣ֮Դ黹лʱƵġ
ģ
һ۾иǱ޾Ĺâ·ͬʱ⡣
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷһޱ֮Դ˳
ǿ֮Դû뵽СѾȺöо֮Դ̺֮ԴǵҲ͸һ˿ڴ֮ɫҼˣһ𡣡
˵ţ֮Դ̵˶Уٵ
ǰŵùңҴȥһطǵطʱʮ˿ɴԼʱ䣡Ҷ
Ǿ߰ɣЦһѵ˵Ҷ뵽ǬռС
ݼ棡
ŸҶǬռǰ˫ȹأ˵
죡
쵱嶥ţϲͻȻʧŭټĸиˣ
ţ죬ʲô
첲ʱиоһϤϢ¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
˵ǲǴ
˵ţ콫Ҷ͸˳
飬飡ӹ飬¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ죬Ǵҵ˱ġ
Ҷٸҵģ˵
ǰ̫֮ĹõģҶ򵥽˳
ǿ֤ʵһֱ̫֮ĹУ
ʱ飬بŻ˹˵
飬بţǡͻȻֵˣӵ𾪡
д˵ǴؾԿףڿ⴫ģبЦЦ˵
ȷʵǴؾԿף˵ͷûֻҪܴؾ̫Ҳûá
ǰ֪ؾʲôطҶһʵ
ĹУСѣʮգʮպ鷳㻽ңҳȥ
ãû⣡Ҷ˵ͷһڴӦ
ʱţʮʱһš
Ǭʮգֻȥһ졣
ʱһҶͻеһͬ뿪Ǭ
ܣǿ֮Դ飬ǿ֮Դ˳ơ
ˣ
о޴󰭣ػĹµĻ¶֮ɫ
ҵ޴󰭣߰ɣȥؾ
ؾһˣ߳Ծ˵
ֻ֪һܴؾ
ҶСѴ̫֮ĹΪ飬ֻҪؾ棬Σܽ˵ͷ
ҶСѣллΪһУû߳Ҷؾһĵĸм
λǰˣʱھȥؾɣ
壬ƹֻʣһʱ䣬ǱҪֶУȻ彫⵽ش
Ĺ󣬵˵ȴֻ֮ңҶ˼ٷУܿĹؾ¡
ÿµϢ
ʮɸߣ̻ʯ͸ĿµҶһǵ澳ʵоѣ
վھʯ£ó飬ʯİС
ʱʯ·һ㣬ʯζ
ǣ
أʯŻشˣһبţϢʯŷ϶Ͷ˳ռҵĲ
ҶСѣˣ޷ؾȴƬ̣վڿʯ⣬Ǹ˵
ãǰ
Ҷ˵ͷϥ˿ľʯ⣬ĬĬʯӿǿ
ߣǽȥ
ĵļ߽ؾС

˸ո߽ؾؾдһ߰·пµ
ţؾӿԽԽǿԽԽ񣬲ؾ
Լһʱ䣬뿪ؾصĹС
ʱ񣬷췭ظı仯ȫʵҲͻƵмļ
ҶСѣõˣǿԸˣ̥Ǹо񿪿˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ˱ɿճ䴩ĿռͨͨȺɽеĴ󣬸ǡ
Ǹǵ;Уᵽһ˿ѰϢ壬ǰѣ峤̤˽


1857 ƹ
վסǽûʱǲý룡
˴űƵ峤ϣ޽Ľ̻Իͣ¥̨ĽʱĽסǳ
ôҶܽ𣿡
һϮɫۣĿ࣬ΧһȦɫ룬ɢǿĺ峤˹Ե˵
ܣ
ĹĽҧź峤ͷŵĿֲѹӲ˵

峤۾ɱֿٵ̽˲ûһֻצץ˽ؿڣҪɱ
ۿ峤ûצ壬ͻȻӳɽ⣬˷ޱȣץռצϣצ˽
򿪹ţǽ
峤ɫһ׼ʱϵдռ䷢
ʱ£
˵Ѹÿһ·ŵİ棬峤˴˽С
Ľ⣬棬峤˼ڽɫϣɫۣŭԼһڽ֡
Ȼһ壬ʵԶʤ壬壬˳Ӧ壬ʵԶԶ˽塣
Խյľ棬Ȼޱȣ·յһжƿ֮¡
ǽƹİɣ
˫б⣬һϤף˵
з磬ѾĻˣǽǰ㽻֮λġ峤һվ˳ʣ˵
ҲĻʣѵٵͽ䣿ؿź峤
з磬йأ峤λӣΥ峤
ȷʵ棿Ӧ峤񲢲ͬǵľʻ˵
ӦԶӵʱ£壡
ҶȣǵӦ峤ӽ˳ӵʡ
ߣӦֻС壬ӵʲôã峤üͷ΢΢һ壬Ӧ峤һ
ϷҲӵʱأ
峤һ֣˵жվһߣ̬
ɣ
û뵽ͻȻѱ䣬ɫ˲ɭȻĴ
𽣬ΪǵСֶܿңδ̫ˣЦһһֱӷ˱µӡǣָɡ
㣬ôģ
о꺣еӡͻȻʧɴ۾¶˲֮ɫﾹֶӡǡ
죬ô˵
ӦӵתѾã¶˸߰Цݵ
ߣз磬ƾ֧㲻֮λעҪ峤ɫˮ˵
죬ΪԼӮˣʰԵ˵챾ʾҪ֮λ͹ɣɱң֮λˡ
㡭
ʵз磬з绹֮壬澳ܳҲûսʡ
ôˣɫ죬ʲм˵죬㵨ǣҲΪ֮㻹ǹԹ壬ĹһЩ
㡭
ʵ峤漥Լû£β㶼ˡ
裬ǣڻת⻹Ǳ֤ʩκνƣҶܱƽʽĿתƵĿ⸴ӵ峤ϣŵ
ģ
۾һˢˢʡ
峤ͬﲢԸ壬ʣǶǱ壬ֶοˣǱƹ
ţ˵һԾŶȻʸ³ŵȻȫʵ˵ͷ֤
ʣԸһͬУ塣
ʱ֤壬˶ʱΪ׵ȴ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ׷ʵսС

棬˿ʼ˹ģ¶֮ɫѰڵĽƣɱԾ֡
֮ӡ
ʱ׼֮ͷųǿסˣжϵð˸޷ڵĽơ
ô
ű֣ˣ˲вǿҵĲ
з磬ҵСֶˣǹҲûãȻӱŵˣ
ƷתʱϿյĿռͻȻѿһ޴ѺۣɫۣŽڣ½ɢǿĽˡ


1858 VS
ҵܾˣ
һĻʽ֣纣˫бŨŨս⣬ֲɢһͷź˽档
ಣ
ͫһ罣ͷϣֱӽɵͷˡ
㲻ҵĶ֣̫ɣ
˫ͷĽ棬ûһ˿仯վԵƥ˵
з磬㻹Ϊǿޣе֮ϣ治м˵챾ֻ֪һЦ
˵ţͷӳ޾Ĺâںһʱսһ㰵ɫâƳëϣޱߡ
޽ڣû뵽㽫˱ˣҪɱ㣬⼫޽ھȲ㡣
޽Ƿһ֮ƷȼһںϿɼǿǱ
۷棬ںϼ޽ںսƷˮ׼ν¡
ǱͿ¹˭֣
Цһ˫б޾Ĺâ΢΢һ˲һʧߣǰһ
һνʮͻȻٶȸǿ쵽£˷ʤʵ£ǿ˲䲶׽Ĺ켣ûʩչκεʽǺƽһȭ
һȭռѣµȭâ˲ؿռ䣬˽ļٶһˡ
֮ӡ
һȭ˽棬һ̤ںصӡţбηһֻµӰ淢͵Ĺ
ণ
泤Хһ˫ҵȶĹķɽʡ
ɽĿռ䣬һۣ·ռ䶼һն顣
飡
ֺ˵ڶȭµȭâ緢Ļɽؿռ䣬潻֯𽣷ˣǿƵ˽Ĺ
ǿʵʵôôǿ
棬Ŀʽƽ湥һĻ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
Ƕ峤ֽ֣ǱףǷ֣峤ֵʵȣ̫Զ̫Զһ
һָоȻδͻƵ񾳣սȴﵽ񾳵ˮ׼
ó汾°ɣȹã
䲻Ƹ߰˵Ľɫ۸ȫʱһ޵еս񣬲սʤ
ս̬
̵ʵĿʵȼǿѪ֮仯ǿսֳ̬һɢŴ֮ͨڵļƷռ䣬ʡ
һǹҵĿռ·һǹ˺ѣµǹâ粻ӵĿռѺۣʡ
޵еһǹʲܣûʩչǿͨǼӶ۵ȭâӭȥ
ǣ
ھһȭ⼫һǹʱޱȵǹâҵض鲣һ㲻ϵ顣
䣬޵У
ʲսʤ
Ŀȭͷ湥ƵһĻڸʿս͡
壬ڸֵɫȴЩѿ˵ʵʵǵ󣬸ЩĲ
ণ
ϱƣʩչɱУһֻֻޱȵӰѳ壬ԳԽʮٵٶȣʡ
ӰʱֳּƷҲͬһʱ乥Ҫѹʡ
ĹƿνǼͣǿ£һ۷澳ֵܶסڽмڲ֮أûʩչκͨƾһ޼᲻ݵȭͷϵŽĹ
֮򣡡
̵ʵĿ£ʩչ˴ɱУȫ⾳ںһγΪµ֮
֮γɣµĿռγ޾֮籩ǵΣϲռޱ䡣
֮û뵽徹Ȼͨˡ
ŽΧ֮Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ϊ⾳ֻн£ͻ֮п򣬶һγɣףƿһУսʤ
֮򣬵壬֮
֮ʩչ̵Ǽ޽ڵ
з磬µɣ
汩һʴ̳һǹʱռ䳹ױµ֮ݿһУʴ˾޴в

Խ̳֮һǹһֻǧ׳צӰڿնϣڽȭУһȭ֮
䣡
һȭǿ˲ѹ˼£ֲȭâױȵƻݺݵغ֮ǹâϡ
¡¡
ǿײһ𣬲ſռ䣬ռ˾޴Ŀռڶĩһ㡣
һǹ֮󣬽ִ̳˵ڶǹǹǹ֮˼رɫµ죬˸оԵϲŭ޳Ĳ񷣬ʴв


1859 ֮
ƣ
֮ʵʵںضֵסΣʱ̣ٻ֮һնȥ
һն䣬µ֮أκһǧҵնһǹâƵ˽򹥻

ͷɢŻһ־Ĺ⽣۾¶˹˼֮ɫ
ƷǿҲ޷
ʱ£ն
ʱ±ʤ
ٻǿƵ˽Ĺڸڴ˷˸߰ļΪʹľ
ն
ͫһ˽棬նһµĽâݺǧ񷣬ﲻƵն˽档
ݣ
Ȼʩչ򣬵֮ӲʩչĪٶȽ㣬ܿâ
Ѫ
ܿâ˲䣬ͻȻƽʣһīɢŴ̱ǶѪմȾϡ
մȾѪܵӰ죬޵нϵ½
û뵽㾹Ȼ뵽ѪҲò˵뷨Щɣ
Ѫǣȴһ˿ɫѸǵһڱѪһܵƣٵѪ
գ֮䣬ԽƷǳͨʥѪеˣָֻǿ
ܡ
û뵽ѪҲ޷ѸٻʮɫףɢŽ⣬ֳĿܣʷ
ֳжһնһʱһɳڽ˳գʡ
ʽ̤գ㿪ܱĻʱʣµʮһͻȻʰΧʡ
𣡡
ʮһܷиֳһͷ˺ӴߺʮһܣǵķӦһ˿ٻ
һ̣ʩչ崫ͨʮһܵİΧȦֳһննǡ
һն䣬ʮһڵĿռȫ飬µĽâﲻƵĹݺݵնʮһϣֱӽնˡ
䣡
һ
ʮһбֲĻռըһռڶԱȴδ˺ʷֺ
ʲôֶһʹɣȻûлˣ
ǿƵ˽һɱУʵսⱩǵ£ƥ˵
ٶȣ
ûٶ£ڰлûһӰԵٶȹʣҪٶѹʡ
ûõģעʧߣ
ٶȻھ壬ֻз˲ڽУԴԴϵ֮
У
ʱһǿ֮ӿڰγ޾УŤռ䣬Žٶȡ
ʱбֲǿѪ֮ɽӣſǧռ䡣
ʱ˷ȺۣһնֲĽâһ޵еĽɽɱɫޱĽ档
޽ڣ
նĽɽ޿ɱܵĽż޽ڵķǰγصĽƹǽȫ
ԶԶ˼޽ڵķһ֮£޽γɵĽƹǽ˲ˣµĽݺݵն˽档
Σʱ̣ʩչطͨ˲ûӰü޽˲Ϣյ㵽һߡ
¡¡
δȽһ˿ϢĻᣬʿǿ֮һֻ֣һ˷Բռ䣬ݺݵӡ˽ϣֱӽӰ˵档
棡
Ž汻شһĻ棬ɫޱ䡣
֮򣡡
ΪǱĽ泤Хһڵؿзɳʩչ֮򣬵ǿ֮Ĺʡ
ڽ漫޹£֮ٴλϲĴˣռ䣬һظ߹һصĹʡ
ƣ
µʱһһƥӣһٿ֮ն˽棬Ǳ㡣
ô죬汻ȫѹˣ
һսϵشѹʣƣرľ档
ֳԽսԽ£ȴڽڰˣƼأ壬ڴܵĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
µɣ
ȫѹס棬ԴԴϵصǿ֮һΡľɽǿѹ棬ж
һ̣ʼеƣһն˽棬Ҫ룬նɱ
ۿƴĽ汻һУǰĿռͻȻŤһֻһ㾧ӨĴͻȻ֣ץƥâ
̼䣬鼫Ʒնɱ۷澳ܵâֻˡ
ͻһĻڳˣҵĿռѻȸ


1860 ̫Ŀֲ
̫죡
âľӨ֣ɫ΢䣬˽ԵĿռ䣬һɫۣ͸ŰŲ֮磬ƥеӻ˳
̫峤
̫֮죬ȴҷ
ţˣ̫˵ͷȥɡ
ǣ̫峤
Ȼвʣ治Υ̫ŭһɫصʣѸٷɵսӪС
з磬Ҫǿٸʱ䣬ҲܿԽһͻƵ̫֮챳˫֣Ŀƽؿʣ˵
̫죬㲻Ҫƣ߷ʣֻ֧һʱɣʵͳ˵
ȷʵˣɱ㹻ˣ̫̹Ȼسϵ͸ޱǿš
𣿡
һԴԴϵصǿ֮ڽ壬׼̫һ
з磬ڸһĻᣬңҾ㣬壡̫Ե˵
ߣ峼±Ӱɣǰ㣬ĹһӲ˵
ұָ·ȴϧ̫ҡҡͷ̾ϢһȻһҾͳȫ㡣
˵ţ̫ƯһɫĴɹޣɹ޴ʱѪٲ˳
̼䣬ڽµѪǣ֮½
㡭
û뵽̫쾹Ȼ뵽Ѫɫ䡣
ʵͲ̫죬ǣ½޷ԴԴϽ֮Կ̫졣
з磬Ȼȥɣ
̫纣˫̫ҪĿĹâһƴƬĿռܲס׷׵ѡ
ն
̫һϮû˫ֽն˴һ޵еĽն̫ӡĿâϡ
䣡
ǿײһ𣬼ҵĶԳ⣬ϵرı
Һϲ͸Ұɣ
̫ͫһ̤һ˲Խ˶Գռ䣬ǰ̽һץʡ
̫̽ٶȲ죬ȴ¶ع˼֮ɫƴغˡ
˵˲䣬һɳ˲䱬ݺݵغϣݿķ˳ȥ
ʣ
޵ص̼䱻̫ˣеɫ䣬Ľ
ʲУǵȴǣȴĽǻԵѡ
ֵܵһƹȴܵˣҲ԰ˣ̫쿴ſѪɫ԰׵ʣ߰˵
Ѫȼգս壡
ʶ̫Ŀֲʲϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮仯ǿĽսȫһ
ն
ʵǵ£ڱ֮ѪһܵƣŷϮ̫նһ
һն޵дݣµĽâһâΧƣһǳܱն䡣
޼
Լ̫֮һ̤γǿ֮У֮ٵݱ䣬˻֮һ޼ն޵һϡ
䣡
֮ڽϿײһ˲䱬ؽƣŽһϵĽ̼䣬֮һһвʵõ壬壬ܱɿֲ
ۣ
Ӳ̫ݻ֮򹥻Ľ۲ϵ飬Ʒ׸Ǳ˵ѺۣĽɫѪҺ˲һ䵽˵档
̫޵һұ֧飬ⲢӰս

ҵĻ籩гһޱȾ޴Ѻۣ̫һƿ籩̤һ˳
֮ڣ
أʲϵص֮壬ǿѹƣѪ̫ǣӰټϲ֮ˣʽ֮΢΢
ɣ
̫۾ɱһֳһľӰҶڴˣһϳľľ֮һʱľ
ʱľӰ䣬ռʱˣµɱ޵УնһâԳ⡣
ʵ̫ˣʵ̫̫󣬲һâʱľӰˣµľɱ֮ݺݵسϣֱӽӰгԶһˡ
з磬û뵽ͦӲҵҪֵܵҶٴι
̫һڱʯϿգʱľӰֻȫʹѪģһߡ


1861 ̫ʼ
ʣ
Ų⵽̫칥м֮ʣ˷ŭˣҪƣ̫ƴ

ͻȻһһǿĴ֮
̫죬㾹ȻԴСʣϷ㣡
ŭڻҵĽϿ쵴
㾹Ȼˣ
ŭ̫ɫ΢䣬û뵽Ȼа취뿪ʯӡĹĳ֣ȫļƻ
ڸˣҶӣǳɹˣ
ˣӯ棬ȴŨŨĲ
ߣûƻļƻ̫쿴ŻһٹӰӶ񣺡ϴûɱ㣬Ҿ͵նɱ㡣
˵ţ̫һŻ򣬹
֮γɵľɱ֮Ϯû㣬ٵغһȭ֮籡һȭ֮Ƶ̫Ĺ
š
̵һȭ̫֮ɫ΢䣬񲻵ȬʵǴ
׷ʲô
̫󲻳׷ıʡ
һƵ̫Ĺں飬̺ǿӵڵʵ

ں飬ʵٱǵٻ̫췢͵ĹҪһնɱ
ʱʵѾԶԶ̫ټĹȫѹס̫죬ڽڵİˡ
棬Ǹô죿
һ۵ľƣѯɫˮĽ档
̫峤У뿪磡
̫̣̫춼նɱֻ·һ
̫֮ļңǶܣĹļ£ϵգմ򴩳һȱڡ
ۿ̫첻УֶΣ⿪
ڷӡ⿪̫ʵǣشҲӲѹơ
Ҳ̫߷ٶȡ
䣬񷣣
⿪ӡ̫֮򻯳˿ֲ񷣣գӲնâ
̫쿪ʼƴˣֵ֪ܵסˣ
һԵģ޵еģ̫첻˼ҵĶ֣
̫һսʮҪ˭ʤ˭ܣıĽ֣һսǣˡ
磬Ҫǳ𣿡
ͨҶ翪ľ飬بŵҲڹעⳡս
ǰһܼս̫ķǻǼΪã
Ҷ粻Ŀ±¶ԼΪһ¶Ӱһܶļƻ
ţؾоԵõرɱ̫ƿ֡
֮򣡡
̫첻ϵ֮ȫʱҲ֮
֮ΧĿռ˴Ӱ֮ڶԲһĿռ֮
¡¡
ײһվҵĲһ£µĶײ·³䡣
ˣ
̫мҶԺʱһ
ÿһʵǿһ֣֮򲻶ϵرǿ֮
ٴ壬뿪磡
о֮Ҫ飬̫˴
ǣ̫峤
ӵ̫촫ûκԥɵۺ峤ˣԼٶҵĽȥ
ӣ
壬һӣʲƣ۷澳ȫ׷
ȫ£壬ܱɱڰлһѪȾѪɫ
ʷ¾֮ʱ
壬壬Ӧͬʱ֣ѹ˾֮ɫĺ֡
壬壬ӦѹƵĺ˸ֵס̼䱻ѹ
ˣֻǿʼʱһţ
֮򼴽飬гֵѺ۵̫Ե˵
̫죬Ϊ۸ʶ£ɣ
˵ţһ׳ȫŰɫۣͷɺǣɢ֮ľ
̫ʼ
׳ľ̫۾ɵùԲɫǾޱ䣬廹δ̫ʼ֡

̫ʼ֣ѿѪڣ̫췢˾ŭ𣬿µֱӺ֧֮صغ̫ϣ߷ˡ

Űյ̫ʼڳˢˢĹ˵ϣĺ峤ɵˣɪɪ
һɱ̫׳̫ʼڽУл˵ڶࡣ
֮ģؾеõֻҪں֮ģͻƵھ磬սл̫ʼԿڴܡ


1862 Բ
棬ʱ£֪ˣҰɣұ֤ԺԶ壬ѣ
Ŀ̫ʼһ̫һĻ峤ˣΪ˻Ĺڵġ
ߣͽģѪһɱȻոյİأôˡ
ɱ⣬Ϊºͣҿ㲻̤ջ
лл棡
һϲ񹧹Ŀͷ
⣬ӣԶػ置ϴˢɣ
˵ţȡһöɫķֱӴԴС
ҲҪ
ȻԲΪͽʬ⣬ʶ޷ֻء
꺣öɫǴؾеõģ£ֵסܿ죬־ͱöɫʴʧȥʶûجج
棬ʱ£ǱƵģǰɡ
Ŀ˺ʶһŵɪɪˢˢĹڵϣϵؿͷġ
з磬˶ǽѻ꣬ǱƵģǾһ˺һѣͼ߸壬ɱ⡣ɨһˢˢڵϣͷĵĺˣ
ǣ棡
ʵ˵ͷ˽˹Ѻһһѻꡣ
棬Ѫǣа취ЩѪ𣿡
ѶǣһЩѪδӰ졣
ѪųǵѪҪѶȺܴ󣬿Ҫܳһʱ䣡оѪأ̾Ϣһûʲô̫õİ취
޲ʱҶУҶմ۾һз磬뿪ûû
棬ǡ۾һɣ¶˲֮ɫ
һ֪ˣ¶ظЦݵˣٰ˵һ˶׼¡
ǣ
ʹش뿪ƻصĽ
ʵ˸ո뿪Ҷˣ˱ǵϿա
ǰҲı¶ݣ£Ҷ͵
ҶСѿˣĶ飬Ϸ治֪α𣡡
˵ûҶ磬޷޷õؾеıû̫ʵԸ壬˵Ҷ֮
ҲպҪǰæĵطҶЦЦ˵
ãպҶСֻһ仰ϵɽ»ظ֤
ľ
õŵҶ¶Цݣһٻ˻ľƻľϵرɫ룬ڱǵУѪ
ľһľһڻľ£ѪٵؼС
ʱеĺѪͱľˡ
ľû뵽ҶСѾȻľˣ
ҡҷŻй⣬̺ǿ֮ĻľҲɵĽҶĻԵݲһ˿档
ľ֮£ǰܣ
Ҷһջ˻ľ
İɣҲὫľ֮й¶ȥģ˵ͷ֤ҶСѣҿ˫ޣƿ͸ɣƿ裬Ӧ㽫߾硣
ǾͶлǰˣ
Ҷûоܾһƿ裬صǬС
Ҷ뿪ʵˣǷ֣ѪʧʱԾѣҶֶε˻ǲµǺΪ
֮У֣Ƶ壬еĽƣʼɨڵĶ塣
ٺؽʱҶ罫ǧصָˣǬʮʱ塣
Ҷʮֵľ࣬Ҷתתϵؼɱ䡣
ܿ죬ȥ꣬Ǭйȥ˾ʮꡣ
ʮУҶ˰ٶ裬ɹԲ磬ǿȿƷͨʥﵽ˾˵ǧڽ
ȻҶ羳ûоԼȼպѪƾѹ漶ܣʵӵ£ԶԿ澳ˡ
ҶԲʵǣħƵ㣬ȸ˴裬ʵҲõ˴
УͻƵһ棬ħʵٽһͻƵ棬㣬Ƶ˫˫ǵ£ȸһ漫¡
飬ب裬ȫָƣҲɻԳɹơ
ʵֲԼħ飬ڷֿɻԵʴ
ʱ뿪ˣ
ʵҶˣ뿪Ǭҵ죬˽׼ʴ̽Ϣ뿪硣


1863 ֮˵
ҶСѣˣ
оҶΣһ廹Ҫǿָ߿Ҷ缸ۡ
⻹Ҫлǰ裬û裬Ҳܽ㾳磡ҶЦЦ˵
ĶȣǼǧ費ʲô¶ѵõЦݵ
ǰʱ£Ǵ£Ҷתƻ
ʲô£ۣŭʵֻҪ֪һ㡣
һ˵䣡
Ҷ򵥽ѵ˳
ҶСѣ½磡
֪Ҷ羹Ȼ͵ȵ½磬ҷʱ䲢ˣҶ˼ر仯
ţȷʵ½磬½ӣתҺҵҶ˵ͷ
תǲѰң
Χֻ𻯹ʥ֧Ҫҵع鲻õѲѡ
һоͰжλǰˣ
Ҷؾһе
ҶСôЦ˵Ķȣⲻʲô
ҶСѣ֪㻹ʲô£
֪λǰ潣𣿡Ҷʵ
潣ҪЩ˵
潣ʮϡ٣˲࣬ҺҪ
ţҪ潣һͨ
޵н壬Ҷսһȫɱ澳ˡ
潣̫ϡ٣岢ûУҵ֪һطӦ潣˼һ˵
ʲôطҶ۾һ
򣡡
ʲôطҶһ˵绹нط
ԭΧ֮۷澳ܣʮǰͻȻ壬Ͷ壬ͶͻȻţ֪ͼıʲôӦҪ潣ϸ˵
ǰ֪ɷ񽫽λøң
ҶԽŨȤȥ￴һ
򵥣ʵֲܿ˵֮񾳽һ֮ңĹǴﵽˮ׼ôȥˣҲ֪Ƿ̤񾳣ѵ
лǰѣһСĵأҶ˵ͷ
ðɣȻһҪȥҾͽ㣡񿴵ҶѾûȰ˵
ҶСѣܶɹⳡƽ٣ӹΰ͸ɣ
ûģó崫µ͸Ҷ硣
ǡ
ǰһƴСʯһͨڵ飬ԼһױףҶʵ
ʯһ漶ҶСʱ͸Դв͸漶⡣һ飬̺ǿ֮ڹؼʱٻУױķ֮һﵽƷȼϸĽܵ
лʱ£
ҶûʿޱҪı
ҶСѣҲ㣡
˵ţٻһ裬һŰɫӡ
ϷǧƵһ⻯ӵϷһʵΣգ飬ٻϷ⻯У
һۣ֮㽫ʱӵ֮ȼƷϸĽܵ
лǰ
óȣóӵֵۣ֮޷۷澳
ǰʱ£Ҳ͸㣡
ΪõĽԵҶûģóĿŻ
ǡ
оĿŻ̺Ļ֮¶֮ɫˢˢҶ硣
ǻλǰӦãҶ˵
Ǵ˵еĻ
ǰɫĹʵ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
һ֮ңҪͻƣĿǰΪҪġ
ҶСѣĶ̫ˣʼ˵
ͻƵ磬彫񣬵ʱҲ׶֣ϾıҲܲ
ҶСѣҽˣպ˭Ҷ㲻ֻҪ˵Ұ
ǾͶлʱˣҶЦЦ˵
ʳ£Ҷһʱ䣬ʳơ
ΪϲԵҶ뿪ʱ硣
ǱˣҶ̤ǰ;뽣̫ңԶͨռ涴ҲҪһʱ䡣
ǰ;УҶһֱǬУ͸񼶵֮ۺס
ޱ󣬿ɲٻеȴóԵϣɱ䡣
ǿֿ꣬ʼµɱ̣һȫµԡ
Լĸʱ󣬼תҶ磬˷ӡĽ⣬ͨɿճɵһռ涴뵽˷ʮĽС


1864 ؼ
ǽ𣿡
Ҷ紩ռ涴ҷʮĽ򣬸о粢
ڰУΧľʱĸ֪ͻȻоΣճ֣ȫĺëһ˲䶼ֱ
һ̣һӵĽâͻȻ֣ռ룬ԳԽٱٵٶն
Ѫȼգ
֮ն
Σʱ̣Ҷȼ˺Ѫ֮Ĺ£һն޵нâϡ
һ̫󣬳Խ˼Ʒļ£赲ͱ޵нâնɡ
ľ
ۿâնҶϣ룬ٻ̣ƻľǰֵס޵нâĹ
ۣ
޵нâȻľֵסâܼ˿ǽҶиǧٿףʳѪ
̫ˣû뵽оȿµĽƣԴ߽⵽
ȻͻľֵסͻȻֵ޵нâҶ绹˲ᣬм˿˵ľ
ѸϢԼٶԶȥһ಻Ⱥɽˡ
µҶ˵ʱʱһĶУ˳ԴƥӴһһݻİỺǰС
ڰܣһףŰᣬʱֵܳΣա
һԶȥĳӣҶֱ۾֮飬ٵ޸޵нâ˵塣
ҹҶ³һƻľʵѹƵǵ۾磬Զɽзȥ
ţ𣡡
ŷţҶ翴ǰһ俿ʱػܵϢʱ׷ͷϢ
λҪᣬûж⣬ֻɽ·ˣҶźҶ֦߹˵
𣿡
һֳַؿİҶ磬оҶϵϢǿֻǵ۾磬Ͻ滺һЩ
ɣ
ʱһһɫȹںڵĳ߸۽Ȼеƣ̴棬һֻʵҰ¹ڵ
ǣˣ
𱣻ȫ˳´Ҷ缸ۣߵߡ
л
Ҷߣ΢΢һЦл
ԣɫȹʤѩòֲٵĽŮӣԼһŰɫ룬׷ͯգʵﵽǵ磬ĿϢߡ
ŮӿԼУҶоһˣһԣԸȻͬ
λСֵܣ֪ˣΪҹϼɽ֪ϼɽвǿޣĶ棬粻Сļпɥ´Ҷ磬Ŀ峺ƽû¶⣬˵
ʵֻһɢޣոճأ⽣򴳵һҶڱ
ͣ
ҶĻСڳ¹⣬ɫŮЦƯ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
СֵܣȻ뷨ܺã츳Ҳǵ۾磬ҽƣһĻϲ֮ʵпɥ¶˵Цݵؼһֱῡܣ֪СֵûȤؼң
ؼң
Ҷ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽ȻԼ
Խ̫İȷʵҪͨһЩú˽һ½򣬵˵ͷðɣȻ⣬Ҿȥؼҿ
š
ҶĻüͷ΢΢һ£ܿ죬뵽ҶոճأʢΪ˴Ҫûж룬ŮӿҶȴЩơ
Լĸ׳Ҷ磬ǸĪҫҶȴм㣬¶νģΪջ
Ůӣһոտõ¹ݸҶ磬Ҷ粻ٺøС
ҹԽԽҶԼŮһһ֪оŮӽŮӽģڰ׽ǣؼǰ׽ǵڶ壬ռŰ׽ǲٵԴ
ͨ͸¶ĲϢҶоؼҵĴãλ⵽вҲǾЩðҶԭ
һҹʱܿȥ
ڶһ磬ҶһϨ·
ؼûжҲһ۲Ҷ磬ԳɶռĳС
Ȼ׿ԽŮĿϢҶȴûж࿴һۣһֱھصϢþˣԼ׷ͯ߸ӷġ
ڳӺƺƵĴԽϼɽ˳һֱĴ½ʻ׽ʱͻȻ
ʮƥѪͳɳԼٶȱ۶;ؼҳʱͻȻͣסؼҳӡ


1865 
⹫ӣ֪סؼҳкιɣ
ؼӳ֮ϣһɫףںڳ裬۽һ԰̺ۣɫ΢΢Щ԰ȴֺӣüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ûʲô˴кѣҴ΢΢һЦ˰֪ûá
ضӳҪǻسǣ
˵ڳ˵
ԭǾˣƥ޵ˣ֪ϴҵûУСֶúúϲֻҪͬ⽫Ǽ޸£ұ֤պ׽ǻؼҵһƬء
ߣ壬ҲԼʲôУҲȢҽöˣҿ㻹İɣСȭͷػӦ
ϣڳϣϵЦݸŨˣãǲǻؼĴҪǿ÷ķϣҶһؼҡ
ߣ壬㲻ҪΪҰɽڣƿؼҵˣ㣬ؼҲŴģҪԸǣؼҷ㣡һʾ˵
СֶһƬ⣬ȴ飬ðɣϣպҪڣ¶ϷʵЦݵ
˵˵͸ϷϷ㲻
ʱеİ׷ͻȻ˽յ˫һǿϢ͸ᣬѹˣؾ
ԭҲڣ
Ű׷ɢĿֲϢɫ΢΢һ䣬ԥһ£ǹԹÿһ·ؼҵĳ뿪ˡ
ˣˣʲôҴҺע⣬ɫĺ޵ֱӣߺ޵˵
ȷʵˣһɽı׽ǵĸ֣ؼң׼ɼӰ죡̾Ϣһ˵
ɽڡҶ۾ɽںǿ𣿡
ô㲻ɽڶûɣ͸Ҷһİ۵
ȷʵûɽڣҶ˵ͷ
һӣЩ˵ɽɽţƹŶʮǳأ򣬶Ұ׽ǾɽƹܵΧڡ
֪ɽʵΣҶıĵ񣬼ʵ
ɽںǿǿкܶ񼶸֣˵ɽڵǵܣһնܽضɵĴӣӻ
ǽбɽڸǿЩҶʵ
㣬òӴɽ߳ҰСӰɣôʲôָ֪Ҷ֮ɫ¶š
ȷʵԽ˽⣬֪ܸҽɣҶЦЦĵ񣬲ʵ
ðɣȻֶ֪Ҿ͸㽲ɣؿһҶ磬ı鲻αװ˵ַΪȣһΪҲˡ
ֱ߾ƽ𽣹콣󽣹֮£Ϊ壬ڷֱ콣ڣɽԼԪڣΪǬһ̨塣֮ؼˣ֮Ϊţ֮ǽͨƽˡ

ҶһָоҪҵ潣ֻȥ
ˣ֪βܼ뽣Ҷ˼һ£ʵ
ͣ
Ҷ绰䣬ֱЦ
˵Ҷ磬Դûɣ뽣㻹룡ĺļҪ֪жеţɽţһʸ룬һҰСҲ룿
ĶҪô˵˼Ҷ磬˵츳պδûл뽣
ãͲҪοˣܼ뽣̫߳˵ûнҶ
ܼ뽣Ǿֱɣ
Ȼ֪ʵܿ£ֻҪδͻ񾳣ҶԼƿصлӽ潣ġ
磬ĶĻ㲻ҪϣֻҪ̿δûгͷصһ죡
ĬҶ磬Ϊܵ˴صһۿģο
ȴ֪Ҷ粢⣬ϴٽ֪Ҷͷ»ֱ
лˣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦɫݵļ뾲죬һ˽⽣
ܿ죬ٷɳ۵ĳʻӵƾʷ˿ڼİ׽ǡ


1866 
ˣڰ׽ǹ䣬ȥؼҡ
ҶԽķһ˿ȤһźȲľˣ˵
ԣ˵˵ͷѵ磬׽Ϊ֮£̫ƽԼСĵ㡣
Ҫ㳿䣬Ҳþû׽ˣ
崿Ưһ۸оҶ磬ͻȻ˵
ãû°ɣ͸ҰСʲôɹģĵɴ˫ۣƯʵ
ҾһʱǲҪ롣
ž˵˵һ˵µϸֳε
ã߰ɣ
Ҷûж룬뿪˰ᣬַǷĴϣй
ȻոҶʶȴϲҶϵϢоߺ̤ʵܰȫ·¡
뿪˾ˣʮ̸ֽϸҶ署Ű׽ǵʷȤȤţҶһһ߽ͷųռŴõϢһ˽⽣
ţһ޽ĹɫƮľ¥⡣
ɾӣҶ̧ͷһң˰ɣɾЪЪţԵ㶫
ðҿϲɾӵһڴˣߣҴȥ
˵ţ²Ҷ߽⼫ãµɾӣҵһλ˼ɾСԺһֵƵ衣
磬ڴɽ𣿡
ƷζζѵСԣҶһ˿Ȥʵ
ǰɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһζ裬˵
ʵ㲻ӦóģЩɰָͷմȾСм
Ϊʲô
ҶľƲ豭Ư
ڴɽûжթûзգǵ棬Ҫܶܶ࣬пܱɱ뵽ؼҵĴ̾Ϣһ
ǲΪؼҵģҶµľԹԵĵһ
ǰڵؼҺܲеʱ򲻸ؼҵδ˵ͷĵ˵
õģؼҵΣһȥ
ҶȻԸ£ɽĸȤҪͨؼҵķӴɽڣһӴ
ҶʱҶǿԼһʮֿµϢɾӡ
۷澳ܣ
ȷҶ𾪵ķ֣ɾоȻһ綼Ѽ۷澳ܣɵľƽݡ
ʱһһϮɫۣͷף˫ӵ߳С
Ȼ߿ʵҶ翴ĵһۣǴϸоŨŨΣϢ
׽ô۷澳֣ܳ
Ҫ֪۷澳ܣ۷Ĵڣ񲻳۷澳԰磬һССİ׽ǣȴһ۷澳ܣҶĸ⡣
Ҷĸʱ΢΢̧ͷҶĿײһ
һ̣Ҷظо˫бɹâһʵʵ뷢ֱ̽Լ˫Уһ¡
ܿ죬˫бķâʧˣ̤žȵز˹ֱҶ档
ǰǡ
ŲĻߣĸ⣬ʵ
С㲻Ҫ⣬ֻǾλѺϷһλˣ¶һ˿ƵЦݣҶСѣûв´Ҷɡ
š
߻䣬Ҷˣ۽ǼǲԾһ¡
û뵽ǰ۷澳ܾȻһڵԼա
˭
ҶϸشŻߣԼȷʵûмݲ˲ٵĲ²⣬иЩ
ǰʶҶ磿ѵҲڴɽԾʵ
ɽ¶˵ЦݵҲڴɽҺλҶСǵһμ档
һμ棿ô֪ʲôʵ
ֱֻһֱĪ˵ҶСѣ㲻ҪţҶûж⣬ֻ˵仰ѡ
֪ǰʵôһСأҶŬԼ侲ҪͨԻץһ˿˿Ӷߵݡ
ɲС˿ǳ㣡ߴЦһʵˣֻû뵽ǻȵط
ңҶüͷ΢΢һǰ㵽˭еĹ˭
˵Ĺ˭أ߹Ū˵
ǡ
ҶԺͷ
Ҷ粻в²ʱɾۣʮӣǿҶߵʱ۾ʱ˹


1867 Ȼ
û뵽㣬ǻԵ
ۣҡһŮͼȣòмƵӻ˹Ŀȵؿ
ûԵֻǾЩùȻ㣬ɨҵ£ʮӵĿ⣬˵
˼˼ʱͬˣؼϾҪˣȰ㻹ǴãԼмɫúץסᣬȻպ޵ģӲŵ˵
ɽҹԶ㣬ҾǼ޼޹ҲңǺŭ˵
ϣˣҷһˣɽ٬˵ԤˣŪϴ
㣡
Сͨ죬¡
ļƻϷˣǲ֪
׽Ҷ۾͸һĨɱ⣬߷ˡ
䣬һɿֲϢɢһεĴɽݺݵѹɽ˵ϣֱѹǵ˫ȣǹ˵ϡ
ģϼһôĹȻңŲ̫
ΪҵĶүɽܹȴ裬һ߷һߴ
ž
һİ
һҲĿһݺݵسϣֱӷǣݣѪܿƵʳ۵ᶼ˳
ʱֻɰƣݺݵسϣֱӽĲΣʹధ
Ҽ𣿡
߿ݣѪɽ˵
ʱɽҲˣձ飬Ѿˡ
ȻˣǾȥɣ
˵ţߵһָɽϷŴͫע£ĶͷϣԴˣɱ
ǰ㡭
ĿǰһĻʧɫȻʮɽɽһϵк
ǰ
ɽ˵ϵؿͷ߿һ
۷澳УֻϰĴڣӶһֱۣ˶˵壬ǻɱ
ˣ徻ˣǼɣ
ּնɱɽˣɫ̹ȻҶҲûжٱ仯ȴɵˣץҶĸ첲磬뿪ҵ˻ɵͷϾ鷳ˡ
գ£Ҷ뿪ҵɾӣûлѯʻߵݡ
ͨһϵзԼ߿ԼҶжһ˿²⣬ҶһָоԼ߻

ôˣôŻŵģ
ҶصؼʱײӺݻľˣʧģüͷ΢΢һ
ˣɽˣδ˵
ʲô׷ʲô£ɫ΢΢һ䣬о̬ԣʵ
ġ
һŬԼ侲ոշԴԴϵص˳
磬㵽ʶǸ𣿡
˽ĿͶɫƽҶ磬ʵ
ʶҺǵһμ棡Ҷҡҡͷ
ǿǡԽĸоµԣҲףпܽŭйؼͷϡ
ԭؼҵңҰɽԽȣؼѾǲˡ
ȥõңȥ¸㸸ףʲô취Ʋϵ
˵꣬˽Ųæǰ˺Ժ
ô죬Ǹô죿
飬ôҲû뵽߻ᵱǵ棬ɱɽ
õģؼҲµģ
ͷðſźҶ΢΢һЦ˵
磬㻹µĺЩֵ˵ɽȻѧϾҶӣҰɽǾԻ´£Ըؼҵġ
ңؼҲ£ҶûйĽ͡
ϣɣ
̾Ϣһϵš
ҶոãˣģϣԼһɫۣ˫΢΢Щף·һͬˡ
ӣؼҼǵ´ص¡
Ҷ磬ңǻߵ޹ϵصµһ˫Ŀ̫ʦϣɫݵҶ磬ʵ
һʶ
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷӭصɵ
Ҷ磬Ҫ֪ºأǳأʶǻߣ֪ҵؼҵΣܽҲɱףڹؼҳеص˵
֪Ĳʶ֪ҵҶʼ
Ҷ磬ؼҪ㺦ˣһɨǡĿ
ģҶǻ߲ʶĲֵܹͷϣڵ֮ҵɱ֣Ҳ黹ת˵һ۵Ե˵
Ǹ˶ûмôңľС˵
ҲҲҪңҪӸҿصؿһҶ磬ԥҪҪҶ罻ȥ
Ƿİɣûôأ
Ҷ罫˵ı뵽µǵ˼⣬ûз
Ҷ磬һʱ䣬ʹؼңûҵص³˼һ£ݿܵ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷһڴӦ


1868 ջ
ҹϮϵķǣ׽ǱŨŨĺҹ֡
ɱɽʲôˣ
ɫۣ˫ݽգһ׶оҼŭɶĴ
ûУ˺İ˺ܶ˶ʶһɫ۵ֵ̿˵˵ʱؼҶСڳɱүͬǻɣпܲؼҸ
ؼңѪɫ۾ϵɱܿƵ籡
ߣټȥؼңڵߣҲҪҳɱڵ˵
ôĻ
ͻȻһѹֵ
˭
һʱ
ǲҪţҾǡ
һõĲӰͻȻã绹Ҫٶͫ׿ٵٴС
ɱҶף
ȫڿɺУʵòӣͳʵ
ɱģֻǸһ£ҪؼңЩ˻Ƶ˵
ģʲô˵ؼңǾͲһƢ𱩵Ҹַŭ
䣬һޱȵĽâںзӶŴ̶ƿһҸն룬նɱ
úúãؼҵĵĲСɱҶвΪҺ۸
źӵɱˣɫ࣬˻סҸϿγһ׵Ĺɱ̡
ɱ㣬ɨƽؼңҪð׽ǵ֪Ե³
˵ţ伤˹ɱ֮γһƣһɽϮȥ
ȹҲң
Ȼɱγɵвһ񼶸֣ȴ޷˵ӡ
һɱܵһǿڼʱ׷ױѡ
ʲô
Ŀ糤ӱϮĹɱƲϱѵһĻ˵ɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫ
һ̣һָ
һָռ䱻ޱȵָâֱ˺ƣµĽָ˼תĹɱϣֱӽӲ̶ȿƷͨʥ̵ˡ
㣬ʲôˣ
ʶӵʵĲˣ˵ӵսвǿҵĲ
ˣ΢΢һͻȻڴʧɫƴ˵ǰ

Σʱ̣гһ׶೤ͨīɫ̺綾ƷͨʥȼĳĴ˺ӵ塣
ͣ
еĳ˺ӵؿڣδˣƷͨʥȼĳͻȻˣֲһĻ㽫Ƶ
꣡
ʩչҴвȫʱһɳݺݵĴϣһƽڵϡ
ѻ꣡
ְϣѻꡣ
˼
һҸֿΣգ׷ٻԵʥȥ
ӵʵֲ̫һʥ޷˺ֺһɿֲ顣
Ҫɱң
һʥ飬û꣬ɪɪϵġ
㲻Ҫ£Ҳɱ㣡
꺣л֪ҪϢסеɱûдɱ䡣
סҸո˵Ļ
ջ֣һɫ԰׺ѪɫƵ䣬ת뿪ˡ
뿪ҵң¹¶һף뿪ؼҸҶ硣
Ҷ籾ֱɱҼһ棬˵Ķ뿪
ѻʱȴõջı⡣
ٹһʱ䣬彫콣ɽн׽ЦȺ۵ΪõĽ
ɽʵвͻǼҪ˲ţռԴҲΪԭ
úᣬҲҽӴҶڰ׽ٶһʱ䡣
֪صžؼңҶڷв˽ƣһһŻʼ
ؼΪɨǣûԸӴҶҲֵ徲
ؼ̻̲ȴұʱȴǵϣûжչκεıûдĵ׷ɱ֣صµԽĲ⡣
ûбصµ˲ûзɾ裬ȻڰѰɱɽס
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ɽɱ֮½ʱҴܼؼҸ
ܼҵؼͨ뺣ǽɱɽףǸһ
ɽʮԺʮպӭȢҴСⷲصµǰȥҸ硣


1869 ϥ
߲ư
ܼص̾Ϣһ˵
¸磬ǵһڶϯϴ£Ըؼңɫ˯ۣɢľüͷ˵
һֱ룬Ϊûбؼңڿɽڵ˵һؼ÷صɫѿ˵
ô죿
صµķ˶ʱ
Ϊؼңֻˣ˼һᣬص½ҧһݵ
¸磬뽫Ҷ罻ȥ˶ʱµصµͼ
ҲҪҶ罻ȥ׼ģ޸壬пܽؼҵΣص̾Ϣһε˵
ǵ¸磬һƤǣģ޸ŮһӵҸˣ˿յ˵
ʲô취ѵԸô⻹˽Ҷ鷳صܻ˵ģ޸壬ҾһᱨǣΪؼˣֻĺҸ
ˣѾȥ֪ͨҶ磬ģʮպȥҸ磡

̾Ϣһû˵ʲô
ף֪һϢҶ¶˵Цݵ˷ģʮպҸȥҡ
磬֪²㣬߰ɣ˿Ҷӣҧһº촽С
лˣģȥңǲµģ
Ҷû뵽ʱ򣬻Լ¶Цݣ֤
ʱʧܿ죬ʮȥˡ
һ磬ص¾˽Ҷ纰УۿöˣԼɫˮ̻̲ص£ˡ
߰ɣȥҸ
صϴź뿪ؼҸǰҸ
ǰҸ;УҶ緢ǵһֱԼµصӦúԼˣϿԼ
ؼұ֣ȴϲǰʱ䱻ҶƵҼָֻŵ棬ָˣҸװһ£һĺ񣬺ʹ
ʱƣбǰϲҲ
Ϊ֪Ұɽ񣬸ŵ̬ĵõ˼㡣
׼Ҽһ׼ʮһǰףأ
ͻȻһ߰ϲҴ
׽ǵһ壬׼ҼһԴ׼ǰףء
һĵð׽Ǹᵽ˲ѰϢɽڣǿ׼Ҳòˡ
׽ǵһڲõĽҲпˡ
֣û뵽С׾Ȼ㣬ԣ
Ż˰׽ǵһ˰һǰѵ
ֿˣϲ󱲣ȻҪ۵İһ¶ŵЦݵ֣ɽλǰ𣿡
ϣԺǻ·ϣӦһ͵ˣЦ˵
û뵽϶ˣֺôӰһĸ˵һֽҲˡ
ؼҼص£Яǰףأ
һãصһַǷҸ
ؼҵˣкϷˣ
ǰؼһ򲻺ϣдԣҶɽؼйأҵԸԻᱨģ
ؼң֪׽Ƿؼҵϯλ
ӲͷƤصµˣᵽ˲ѰϢڰ˽
ϲ֣
ű˫֣վڸ俴Լ䣬صºݺݵҧһ첽ǰһЦݵ
ϣԭؼһΪ㲻أЦЦؿص£
ԺӶףôҲصеҽ쵽ϲϼϲ
˻Цһ
뽫Ů¼޸ӣ֪Σصһ
صµĻܶ¶˲֮ɫصΪ˱ȫؼңȻԼŮҸ

ۿҧ촽
Եĸ˫ȭգָزС
ҶվһԣؿǰһУȴɽڵ
ŮЩԸ俴裬ʮֿܵöˣ˵
ôᡣصµһö˵÷ϲԵҲӴ˱ֱ˴ˡ
ؼĺСֶˣҽյĵλѾ䲻ˣԸ⣬ҿҵС檣ۣ¶Ź°Цݵ建˹ɨһöƯֺ
㡭
û£û뵽ôݣôö޵ݡ
صҲ¶һ˿ջ֮ɫԥҪҪѪƴס
ͻȻһ߰˽֡
ɽڻϣԺӵ˵


1870 Ϊ
ӭӭϣԺڽǵˣ
ոջֺһ˷·һˣ첽Ҵ⣬Цݵӭɽڴϵˣصһߡ
Ǿһˣô
鲼ۣͦΣ˫вԾɢǿҽĻ¶һ˿߰Цݵ
ǣϣ룡
ϵĻϵЦݸŨˣԽϵ˹ӭַǷҸС
ʱҸޱȵ֣׷ǰѣҪɽϵؼֱӱˡ
¸磬Ǹô죿
ǰľƣ˱󣬽֮׽ؼ֮ء
ģ֪ԸΪؼ𣿡صһɫ԰ףۿöˣҧʵ
ҡ
صεö˵ˣ֪λش
֪嵱С檵³ؼĴ֪ԼѡؼҸǵ³¸ҡ
ؼиð취ǣܽؼҵΣصһңҶҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ʲô취
صһҶ磬ʵ
ңҾ޷ɽؼҵΣҲܽҶ絭˵
Ҷ磬ǲԴ⣬ʱˣ㻹鿪ЦЦܺЦ𣿡ķ·ҵ˳ͲҶ
ص£ϸû¡
ֻо˼Ҷ硣
ЦҶЦЦ˵ǾЦǾ͵û˵
˵꣬Ҷ粻ðɵصһң˫֣ͥŲַǷҸȥ
صºڣ
ص˫ؿҶ磬ҪץѵһʱһͳҸ
ϣص
ϵصĿһ£ϵŭȡž˵⡣
ϷԼϷʵʱµ£ҪڶǰҪؼҿ
ص£֪
Ŷͷðſź飬ɫŵص£̫ʦϵĻϷˡ
ϣĳһɽհ֪кص²ŶԲߣӲͷƤ
ص£㣬Ҹǲؼɱģ
ɫۣ͹µĽյĸˣͿĨŵۣ֬òµⷲ涵˵
⻰ɾԩؼˣԴ֪ɽϢؼһֱѰףҪΪɽ𡣡ص͵
ؼȲҪŽͣмҪ㣡
վⷲߣۣͷڣϵһ׾Ϲһ˿߰ɽʮԺ˵˵ɽʱؼڳ벻ǡ
ǣ
ȻصؼҼɽ洫ӣƲɵ֣ӲͷƤ
ʱؼҵͬһ벻ǣͱ˵Ժʵ
ǣ
ص¶һ˿ɬЦݣ΢΢Щĳϵ
ɾƹ˵ؼҵʶ벻ǣԺ¶һ˿Цݵ
ǲǣؼָʶӲҪҥԩؼңصһæ
ߣԩǣԺһص£ٸŲһ㡣
һһ˵ɽʱڳʲôҰɣ
ɫҰףֻеص£һһɵ÷վ˵
ڳ
Ժ¶һĨѰζЦݣɫ黨ȹѩ͸һ˿ᣬ˵۾Խ
վһԵҶ磬ȴ¶͵ЦݣĳеͰǡ
㣬׵˭Ժ޼ɵشĽʵ
ҲʶףĵĿ־壬ҧʪ촽
ʶȰ˵֪㵨ƭңܵҵĳͷؼҲ𣡡Ժ·λߣؾ
ؼˣ
ǰɽҪؼҿɱӺҽƳΪ׽ǵһ塣
ᵽ˲ѰϢڰ˽
ǲͬؼңǿʳǽһĹ޷ı䡣
׼ҲĬĬʵԸ׽ǵһĵλøɽڵҡ
ӣСŮ޹أؼҸոһйأΪ˱ȫȫؼңص²òҶ˳
Ժ¶˱Цݵص£һĹɫǲʵˡ
ûƭ㣬ȷʵеϵҶɨһҵص£վ˳Ҿֲ֣ҲնɽΪ


1871 ʹ

Ҷһﾪǧˡ
Ǽһ˭ô˵Ŀ
ûҵңɽڣԻĺܲң
ߣĺܲңؼҲˡ
һ˫˫ϷʵˢˢͶҶ磬ص¸ŵͷƤ飬ڵϡ
úúãصĺ֣ɽڴϲУһͷǣѻؼƲ۾б֮ɫŶͷð亹ص£ɭȻ˵

ʱصº޲Ҷ磬˵ҶոյĻؼұ뵽˾޷Ŀܡ
䣬㵨ĲСȻҵľ浱˶Է磬ΪҲɱ㣡
ǸȴؼԱճʱҶ·һˣ͸ɽ绢İɱȻ
㣬ǣ
Ҷľ棬ͻȻϢԺͻȻֳһˣһجεˣ۾ɵùԲ
ն
Ҷûж˵ϻŴʧɫһָ
һָһޱȵָһ˺ؿһ㣬ͫ׷Ŵ󣬸ûʱ䡣
ͣ
ָǵ磬ҰĲıָ룬Ǳ飬
ޱȵļž
ĿǰһĻڳȫɵۣŸոպɵ䣬գ֮ʬ塣
ոջҪҶص£ŵȫëֱ鲻ԽĺҿҶ硣
ãҲΰɣôʵ
һֱ䳰ȷҶģʹԼԼΣɸոշ飬ȴôʵһξеĸо
㣬㲻Σһסĵ𾪵ǵøոճ˵Ļӵиҵı¡
Сӣ
ĿԼ˵նɱԺŭˣٻһƷͨʥȼ̻ŷƵĳͷŴĿĹâҶ磬Ҫһɱ
ϮҶû㣬֣׼ȷƷͨʥС
ֻꡱһܲסҶһ֮ҵĲһ£˷ĩƮɢˡ
ʲôһƷͨʥ
һʲôˣʵô˵Ŀֲ
Ҷһ鳤һĻøֵӲص¸ɵˡ
ðң
ҶĵմȾķ۳۽ǼĲǿҿ־еԺ˵
ȵȸ£סˣ̫ʦվ΢΢ЩԺǰԺð£¸ɽһӣҪԺһʶ
ߣɽڣҶһ˵ɽء
£ʵǿɽҲǳصģһУɽֻзˣ
ȻҶʵû𾪣ʱ˿ֻܰɽڸҶʩѹ
ҵţҶ絭˵
䣬ԺеγǿѣԺ꺣Уֱꡣ
ۣ
ѪԺ߿ʳ۾һڣѪ
Ժˣ
찡ɱˣ˵ʲôʵΪ˵Ŀֲ
ĿҶһ񣬾ɱɽʮԺڳ˸еͷƤ飬ۿҶˡ
Ժϵ˵ۺˡ
ԺɽʮӣɽصɽӰ켫
ɱ㣡
оԺѾûǵ񾳽ĻϿƲסеɱ⣬ٻһƷͨʥȼ̻ŻƣǹǶһñʯʩչɽڴнնҶ硣
漶꣬ƣ
ЯɱϮҶ羲վԭһڻϿ׾ʱī漶ӳҶ꺣һƵ˻ϷɱУն˳ȥ
ãǿҶǿ
ɽڴҲҶ֣ıס뵽ԼЩӶ䳰ȷĳ˿ֻš
ص¸¶˻ں֮ɫںԼ飬Ȼʶ
棬漶꣡
Ҷͷ漶꣬һۣصĻϵɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
㣬ʹ
ʹǸԽֵĳƺһֻнֲп漶ꡣ
ðʹʹٸһθĹµĻɣ
ɽȻǿ󣬵ʹǰȴʲôǣʹɱɽڵˣɽڲᱨᵱ
ǾʵϵĲ࣬ԲɺһжȻ


1872 ˵ʲô
Ҳʹ
ŹڵϣһŵĻϣԼĿɿڴĸ֣Ҷ米˫֣Įؿ˵
ʹϸɵˡ
ǰǣ
Ժͷϵز²Ҷݡ
Ҷ粻ʹڽҲǵģΪӵ漶꣬Ҷɼ뽣Ϊʹ
ֻɢޣҶ米˫֣··Ľ͸Ųŭİ˵
ɢޣ֪ҶݣϲϲǰոնеǰҪ֣֪ǰɷʱȥɽͣϲύӢۺܡ
ôɱɽ洫ӣǲңңһЦĻϣҶûһ˿仯˵
ԺðǰȻɱȻѪȴұֳǫ˵
ոջֺһңȴһ̱뵽ûɽڳûҵʵۿۣҪ˵Ϊ׽ǵһ壬Աˡ
ðɣ£͸ȥɽתתɣҶ翴ŶͷðſźĻϣյͷɡ
ллǰ
ϹصлվȫȻûиҶ統¹е߳ܡ
䱻ɱˣ˭£
Ҷ罫ĿͶ羪֮ϣʵ
ⶫҵϼ
ʱһͷףͷȣ鱯ߣ˹Ҷؾһ
ϼҶĮؿŰ׷ԲԵⶫնɱ䣬ɷ
ðǰɱ
ȻⶫѪٷŭҲұֳԴ
ͺãҶ¶һ˿Цݵ
ǰ֪ˣǰ̧ǣֻҪǰһ·ԸȥؼҸ뿪׽ǣ̤һ
ɽڶﲻҶ磬ⶫֻܱϥҶԭ¡
ĿǰľҶɱңɽڶ˵ʲôпܸҶƨɡ
ãҺؼûжٽ飬踺Ҳ뿪׽ǣҶҡҡͷĮ˵ֻҪɱһˣǡ
ͨ
ҶԼոջŵ˫һֱӹ˵طϵؿͷҶԼ
ǰҡ
ҶҪɱ壬ⶫһҪֹ
Ҷָ죬һĽâָԳԽʮ౶ٵٶȣԴ꣬նɱ

ɫ۵ⷲվߵԴѵһĻŵûʧɫ˫һֱ˵ϣ¶˫ȷ⡣
˵ʲô
һָɱ壬Ҷ翴Ǻⶫ˵
ûûʲô
ҶĮⶫһеŭ𱻿־ȡ˵
һΪҪ𣡡ҶЦЦ˵
Ҳң಻ңⶫ˫һæ
̫ǿˣ
û뵽Ҵϲ֮ջᷢ£Ƿ˼ˣ
ǰΪҰɽڣһԾΪ׽ǵһ壬ؼһᱻû뵽ֻֻ˵ҵ̫ˣ
޼ɵɱˣһ֮ѹɽںҵҶ磬׽Ǹֱס
ϸųһ亹²ѡ
ոҶ磬˵Ѿʬ塣
ˣ߰ɣ
նɱ丸ӶˣҶûٴɱ䡣
ǣǰ룡
ϵ˵ͷͷĸҶ磬ѻȸƮŨŨѪζҸȥ
;صµʱҶͣһ£ûȥ೦ӣɫ콻ӵص£ɪɪģ˾˺ǵ˵ͷת뿪ˡ
ĿҶȥıӰһ亹ص°һȴ˻ںޣںԼ飬˷ؼĻᡣ
ܶҶһЩҲܽҶƣؼڰ׽ǵĵλ°׼ҳΪ׽ǵһҲǲܡ
ãĲΰɣʶҶ磿
ֱ˿̣Ļ޷ʵһΪǴӴɽ߳ͷ࣬Ϊλ˲Ϣ֮ѹɽڵľˡ
߰ɽ㣬ΣؼҵΣˣҧһ촽Īһգĵ˵
ʱعİ׼ңԼ׷ǰصºѣӲ̽Ҷݡ
ȻصһƣؼҶֻƼˮ֪꣬ݣΪҵǰ֮ð׽Ǹ廹ΪҶ磬ٵؼҡ
Ҷʱ˵ӵһĻò˸档


1873 ɽ
ɽڣ֮һƿŽʮǳأռɽԴͷٽ壬ɽнʥء
Ҷǰǰǰٽˣɽھڰٽ
һ㣬վҶߣָǰƮŨŨɽңصİٽ壬˵
ţٽȷʵһʥأ
Ƶİٽ壬ſƮŨҶ˵ͷ
ɽսǰɽڵ;УҶӻϵ˿Уʳ˲мֵϢ
Ҳ͸¶ɽҪҶΪϯͷȻҶûһڴӦģɵ̬ȻûĴϲҶϣ
Ҷֵܣڽˣ
Ľ׽ǵıʸɽڵ죬ҶĴڡ
֪Ҷ漶ʱϲûԺŭһҶͷԵ֪ҶɽϢŵ̬ӭ
Ҷǰλɽ죡ս͵
ӭˣ
һϮɫƤۣ˫ɢǿҽ죬Ҷ緢ǵ֣һ棬ͻһǵ澳һ֮ң
Ҷֵܿˣ룡Цһƺ˵
ҶһۣҶƽ棬ûʲôر֮ϸҶ磬Ҷ·һһֿ͸ĸоɶҶ߿˼ۡ
Ҷֵܣ֪
콫ҶӭɽУΪһƮ裬ʵ
Ϊʦ͸¶ҶһʮĲˮһɵ
ʦ
۾һ֤ʵǰڲٵĲ²⡣
ΪűټҶ漶꣬Ǹûȥ룬Ҷ硣
Ҷֵܣи֮룬֪㿴ΣѸɽλ߲㴫һ£¶ŵЦݵ
˵
ҶеĲ豭¶ֿЦݵ
ҶֵܣӦ֪ٹһʱ䣬нսսɽڼΪҪɽһٶΪǾܵõܶԴ
УɽڵʵֻΣҪѶȼҶֵɽϯ䣬ɽڲμӽս
Ҷֵģ۳ɰɽڶһ㣡쿴ϵ˵
⡭
Ҷһȴ¶ԥ֮ɫ
Ҷֵܣ㲻ҪʲôǣΪɽϯ䣬ǲԼɣṩԴһʵ
˵ţóһżСͨɫɢźľʯҶԵİϡ
ʥ
ϵĺɫʯҶϳһޱ񼶸һʥ
Ȼʥô󣬵ʥһжҪ潣
ðɣٸʥҾɽڵĿ䣬ǲμӼ콣ɽеĽսҶ翴ԥһ£վֻɽڴ꣬ұ뿪
úãǾһΪ
Ȼʥĸۣһ漶Ĵ֣оֵóʥ͸Ҷ硣
ϣ˽㽣ڳ͸Ҷûκ˲ôҶ
ǣ
ЦݵĴ˽ٽɽ㽣һ飬͸Ҷ硣
ʦҶʵΣ
Ҷǰ㽣ʱһɫۣͷѩףӳɽУǰʵ
ҶʵֲܿӦһǰ֣漶֮꣬ϣɽ澳Ʒͳ˵
ʦô˿ɿ𣿡
ڻֵðĿϴɽڲμӽսǾ֣ȫлѹĴΪ
׽ҲƷͻ澳ĹؼΪ˳Ϊ澳֣ǾðգעѹҶϡ
죬ҶҲҪСһ٣ǶҪӣһʲôΪƷĶ
ʦֻҪɽڣ֮Ҿƿ˵ͷ
ˣ¶ȥŮɫ¶ȤǾͽ¶͸ͷǸõļƷ
ãһڴӦ


1874 漶ͼ֮
ҹɫŨī⣬ҹգϵķǶš
ʥ⵹Ǵĺö
ס˷羰Ũص͵㽣壬Ҷϥ㽣һɫ¥󶥲óһ͸ʥ漶С
һʥҶظо漶귢˲Сɱ䣬̺⣬˲١
׼ʥʱĸ֪һϢ㽣У˹Ÿ֮¡
Ҷ¶֮ǰһЩ֮֪¶ܽ𣿡һᣬǷǵĽҹ𣬴ҶС
ɣ
Ҷ¶һ˿ѰζЦݣһ˹Ÿһ㣬˽յĸţ·ƶ˽
ţ֮壡
һϮɫȹ߹յ쳣ˣѩ׵ļڵƹ»۾޳˫߽·ƶҶŵɢŨϲҶģ·ƶĺĵòҲǻӣʡ
֮壬һʮʣԵ֮м̲Ч
Ȼ·ƶڵľ֮ǿȻ˾ɲһʿ˵ȻջټĵòͶ͸⣬ԽһԵߵ
ҶǺεȵļ㣬֮ĸǲɶҡ·ƶɢ⣬һ˿Ӱ졣
£뿪ˣ
Ҷɨһ·ƶµҹõԭ򣬲Ҷ·ƶľ֮岻ȤһƮɢŨŨ裬˵
Ҷһ˲赹ˮСѾ߶ûУ¶ź㣬Ҳר·ƶߵҶߣ΢΢ӣҶ籭е衣
Ϊʱش䣬ҶƤӵ¶ѩ׵֮¶š
ԣԸ⣬סɣڼ䣬㲻ţҶ㲻
µͼҶ粢ûи·ƶ¡
İҶ¶֪ʲô
ȻҶ˵䣬·ƶϲû¶ջ֮ɫЦŨˡ
ҶɫˣҪҪ¶źҶϢ
·ƶ۾ˮؿҶ磬ĵϵعҶġ
һҪԼϢɣ
̬Ҷȸ˱еƣص˹Ÿ󶥲㣬ʩչڶ¾񣬶ǬС
ߣһ죬Ҫݵʯȹ£ȹ֮
ҶȥǸ·ƶűԼòţԼܽҶ磬ԹԼĴ
漶꣬
·ƶĵûжҶһ˿Ӱ죬һʮʱǱʥ漶У漶ɱٶȣ漶ĹﵽƷ¡
ʥҶһĶãһ߿Բ漶һ߿ƺ֮Ѫȫ֮ۡ
ܿ죬ȥʱ䡣
ô죬Ҷʲô쳣𣿡
ɫۣɢǿҽƷУʵ
¶ϢУҶһֱڱչڼһҶ綼ûм˽յ˫˵
˵ҶΪᣬ㾳磬漶꣬ԭһӣƷ¶ŵЦݵɽ˵ȴǺϢҪˡ
Ҳôģһʱ䣬һֱҲʡģɽʶսļʣ˵ͷ
¶۲Ҷ磬һὫϴǸÿƷ˵
İʦ֪ô˵ͷ
е⣬ɱ䣡
ص⣬ɱ䣡
⣬ɱ䣡
֮⣬ɱ䣡
ɱ䣡
Ҷʮʱв漶ʮʱ䣬ڽ漶ͼ磬ʱҲȥ˰ʱ䣬뽣սʣ°˸ʱ䡣
ȺҶսǴʩչһ񣬻޼ǧȭ
ͼ磬Ҷ罫еľ˴֮ϡ
֮ѪʮʱҶ罫֮ͷϣֲۣ̺̫֮һʱ޷֮۵ȫ
̣
ں֮Ѫ֮£֮Ҷ֮ϵԽԽܡ
ڣҶ粻иŬ֮Ҷȫںˡ
ۣ֮
ںۣ֮Ҷ֮۹ͷϱѿһʱɹâ·𶴴˾ʮأԶֱӽޱȼ͵Ǭռ˺ѿ˵Ѻۣ㽫Ǭ
֮۵ĹȻûʧû˷ôĴ
Ҷ֮۵Ĺ⣬о֮۵Ĺӵ£ʩչ֮һˡ
ڿ֮۹ģûзϡ
ӵкѪԺ޹˼ɵʩչ֮۹յõõҶоԼȫնɱǵ档


1875 һָɱ
·ƶڸʲô
ۣ֮Ҷˣɢ˾˹Ÿ֮⣬·ƶűɴȹʮ㽣һ峺̶С

Ҷһܵ·ƶһæ̶˳һ԰۵СţʪĳҶǰ
̶ˮĽ£·ƶϵıɴȹϣ¶ĿѣĻѩ׵ĴȣҶԼͦŸ߸ߵСѡ
ҶҶˣ
Ȼ·ƶ֪űɴԼ¶˴Ƭ˵Ĵ⣬ȴûһ˿Ť֮ɫ糺ؿҶ磬ĵ˵
ţ·ȥɽڹ䣡
Ҷɨһ·ƶĽ˵ͷ˵
ǣҶ
·ƶ˵ͷһСţܽ˹ŸУܿ촩룬һϮѩɫ黨ȹӹŸ˳
ٽʲôĵط
ҶǿڽγһţŽĵ·ƶطɳ㽣壬ʵ
УٽʮɾۣҴҶȥ
·ƶҶϣָҶٽȥ֮һİٲ¡
ţǿ֮
ǰٲ;УҶԼ͸ٽؽƣԼоһǿ֮һָоԼԭʼ̥ɽڵ֮˵ͻƵǵ澳硣
Ҷǰǰٲˣ
·ƶָԶһɸ߶ͱм䱼֮£һٲܵ
ٲȻ׳ۣҶ翴Զİٲ˵ͷŻ䵽˰ٲ£вɽڵ
ϣⲻ¶ôֹһС
Ҷװٲɽ׼ȷλʱһг𣬴ҶС
˳Դɫ£òԶԶȲ·ƶŮư
ѩɣ꣬ǲҪ˵λɽڵϯ䣬ǸðҶĲǣ·ƶɫһҶݣؾ
ϯ䣿Ҳ䣿
ʱһɫͦ罣Ͷŷӣƿʮɿٲ̤мؿҶ

̤ӣ·ƶϳݣҶδɽǰɽڵϯ䣬һΪﵽǵ£ͻư澳ֻһ֮ң
Ҷԭɽϯ䣬λñЩ·ƶЩ˼ɵؿ
ɽʵǿĹǰèȡģʶóϯȻĿӳԣ
ѩɣŮСߣƵؿҶ
ڸ˵
ҶջͷŵˣĮ˵
㣬˶ɣǲǸ˵ѵ˵ķϣűΡΡѩջ˵
ҽ鲻ɱˣ߰ɣ
ȻʵףҶʵ۽磬ǵѾ벻ۣСƣһ˿ŭ
ôĿΪԼǰ֣Ӳѹĳһɫ˵
߰ɣȥ¸䣡
ҶƵˣ߲ѵ·ƶҪ뿪
ҶӣУȴη塢¶˲ЦݣͻȻҶǰߣûô򵥡

Ҷû뵽˲֪һٵԼ¶һ˿ΣյЦݵ
ҽӮҲߣˣ뿪ɽڣ鷳ӭҶĿ⣬Ƶ
ô鷳˾ȥɣ
˻ֻһٶƣҶвһ˿ɱ⣬ɱӺһЩνĲӬ

ɫһһ콣籡壬ͷĿռ䣬ſı仯
·ƶˣͷŵĽ⣬ŵûʧɫ׷׵ĺˣҿ

˲佫֮ݵ£ٻһƷͨʥȼĳʩչյǿУһƬĽŴ̶ƿϯҶ硣
ʵҲսң
ȻʩչƺƴףҶУȴֵһᡣ
Ҷ̤һʱ֮Ʊƿأһָµָ޵ıһָǰؿռ䣬ʩչ
ʲô
ĿҶһָƵһĻɫޱ䣬ƷͨʥڱѪʥһƣһƲָ
꣡
һն˺ѿռָʱһֱǻеĸоҵĲһ£ЩղסеĽ
һ̣ƷͨʥܲסҶָһϳء
ۣ
㲻һѪҶһָ˳ȥؿϳһؽѪܿƵȾ˵档

ĿҶһָƵƷͨʥǵ񾳽һָɵһĻѩɣŵúһһƨڵϡ
·ƶ۾ȴһ˼
Ҷʵ䣡
ű˫֣һҶ磬صҶˣò¸߹ͷ­䡣
Ȼ䣬Ǿȥɣ
ڵˣҶӲ飬̧֣־Ŀע£ֵ˵ڶָ
㲻
δ˵껰ޱȵָâ̴Դ꣬նɱ
߰ɣ
һָɱҶɨһŵûʧɫɪɪˣ۳һĻŭŵ·ƶ뿪ƮŨŨѪζٲ


1876 ̻
ʦˣҶٲһָնɱ
֪Ҷɱ飬һʱƷĶһϢ
»ˣƷ˻ǵۣ¶һ˿ѰζЦݵҶ絹ǰһæ
ʦ»⣿첶׽Ʒϵı仯ʵ
»Ӧ⣬ȻҲ㽫ҶƵϯ֮λȥƷ˵ͷı˵
ʦ׼»һҶ鷳ӶҶֳ˵
ɱ»ңһϵвҪ鷳Ҷոռɽڣû֪ĵϸɱ»ңʡȥܶ鷳Ʒ˵ͷ
죬˺»ңȻ¶۲Ҷ磬֪ңƷ˵
ãȥţ˵ͷ
Ҷ磬иɫϣû⣬ȻҲֻнٵƷɭȻ˵
ʱ֣Ϧ£ϼȾʣ
·ƶι˴ٽ壬Ҷȷɽλãż֣׼ٵһ¡
Ҷιһ죬Ҳ˰ɣȥϴˮźԡ·ƶĿ⺬ˮؿҶ磬촽΢΢ſĵ˵
ˣҲϲźȥϢɣҶҡҡͷܾ
ҶǲǺңϲ¶ź㣡·ƶҧ촽˵˵
ûйϵֻһ˶ˣҶˣ㣬пյʱúò͸
˵ţҶ罫ɱõھ͸·ƶת뿪ˡ
һģ
Ӽᶨ·ƶҶģһָоԼҶ磬Լ˽ᷢʵı仯
ص˹Ÿ󶥲Ҷ򵥼һûзмֵ֮˾Ǭм
ܿ죬ȥһʱ䣬뽣սаʱʱҶжǱɽС
ж֮ǰҶþ·ƶķ䣬Ի찲Լߵߡ
ѽҶôˣ
ɫɴȹİ͹£ɢջ·ƶʱ֣һֱչҶͻȻУʱĻŭţҶӭ˽
㣬ʲôĵطҿ԰𣡡
Ŵ˰뱧ðջ·ƶ˵
аа¶޶ۣ͸ȷʵȽϳкܶ͸ĵط·ƶСԴҶȥ̸ɡ
ã
˵ͷ·ƶɢĴϡ
ͬʱҶǬɳ㽣壬˱ǿֵ֮⡣
ɿճ棬ƽƣ
ҶǿܣַԲụ̂ɿճٻ˳ٵĽƣһȱڣ뵽档
뵽ɽУҶ˸оɽڵ̺ǿ⣬иоһǿϢϢ֮ǿȻﵽǵ澳硣
û뵽ɽлȵƣ
ǵڽ򣬾ܺɨķҶǰȴƣǬĵؿǿ꣬׼Ƚݾߡ
ʲôˣ
ҶǬʱ£һľе쳣һǿ겨ڿռУǬ
ʱǬгϹ죬ٵҡγ˴Ĺƣ˲ռ䡣
һ̣Ҷ磬棬ԭʼ̥ڽƿռС
۷澳ܣ
оɢ귢֮вǿҵĲ
սپȫѹ
Ҷһ£Я춯صꡣ
Ž
оΣգ겻Ʒ罣ĹľҵҡγһĽӰ˷档
ľѹ
ּ˺ƹŽʱҶٻ˻ľƻľɵ˹Ž֮ϣɫ룬ƽ˹ŽޱȼӲУѹס˹ŽƳ˲еꡣ
ǵʲôˣǱɽҪʲôɵؿҶ磬
һ֪꣬ôˣ
˵ţҶȼ˺֮Ѫѿ˶ͷϵۣ֮һ޵е⣬ꡣ
ͣ
̼䣬屻ⶴ⵽ش
ţӡ޵һƣµâֱӽǵ澳ˡ
ԣɣ
飬ҶٻԣԿٵ䶯ͷųǿꡣ
գ֮䣬⵽شͱˣΪϡ
ԭʼ̥
ػɽµ꣬Ҷԭʼ̥俪˵棬ȫѨϣ


1877 ˺Ʒ
ˣ
ӵǵ澳ԭʼ̥ǿ£ɽ֮ʧԭʼ̥ʵȴɼ伫ٵ
ţ֮ôͻȻʧ
һο˵ŮڴϷ죬ͻȻ֮ϵʧ͵ڴ¶֮ɫ
ôˣ
ķһΡΡĽŮӣᱧס壬Щ˵
ҹԶ㣡
о֮ԴԴʧе̬ԣֱӽɫ޵Ůӳ˳ȥѸٴ·ɽ֮ء
еʧƷϵͬʱоˣŵΧסˡ
ã˵Ϣʧˣ
Ʒ֮ʱµĽ겻ˣɫʱ
˭˭ɵģ
ɽڵػɽӰ켫Ʒŭɶ
ȴʱ뵽Ҷ磬һʱóѶϵ·ƶ
ʱɫ޵·ƶѵĻᣬʹҶľ
죬Ҷڲ㽣壡侲Ʒʵ
ոϵ¶Ҷһû뿪㽣壡촫Ӧ
ǵ˭ɵģƷüͷšһͷųǿ֮֮أѰĿꡣ
ţˣ
Ʒǿ͸ز㣬ԭʼ̥ʱʱŭˣٻɽ֮һƷͨʥȼĻƽ𽣣һն˼Ӳأԭʼ̥
ʵԭʼ̥ԽļӲƷͨʥƽ𽣸޷˺ֺ
᲻ɴݵ壬סһƽ𽣵ĹȫѨϣ֮ǵ澳硣
ʲôһ𹥻
Ʒʵ۷壬ֳֻƽ𽣹˰ʱ䣬Լ޷˺ԭʼֺ̥ɽһ𹥻Ҫ֮ݻԭʼ̥ס
䣡
ɽڸֺ£֮ؾҵĲһ޴Ѻӣٽ嶼뵽С
Ʒ˺ǿȻ޷˺ԭʼֺ̥
أɽڵ֮ԽԽձԭʼ̥ȫˡ
ɽԭʼ̥㹻һ˾ӵǵ澳ʵ
ԭʼ̥뿪
ΪҪɽڣμӼеĽսӴϲҶûԭʼ̥ɱ䣬ǬԼٶɽȥ
걻ɱɣƷ뵽֮УǷŭһԭʼֲ̥ʵֳɽ֮ȫ
ǵĹԭʼ̥˵޷˺ֺ
죬˽ңٿڴ󣬷ɽڣҪˣƷ
ǣʦ
˵ͷٻһ̣˻ڴγһǿĽƣٽ壬ԭʼ̥·
ԭʼ̥ɱ
ٽ屻ӡҶͨǬԭʼ̥´
ӵԭʼ̥ܣͻȻת׷Ʒһȭ
һȭؾ䣬µȭâݿռ䣬ϢƷնƽâؿڡ
ȻƷٶȣ㿪ԭʼ̥һȭԭʼ̥һȭ̫󣬺Уķ֮ƷѪܲѡ
µΪʲôɽкγޣΪɱɽػ꣬
̵ԭʼ̥һȭ֮ƷסڷѪԶԶضһߣͳʵ
͹ԹԴ뿪Ҳ⽫ɽ¾ɾԭʼ̥ſͣ˻Ƶؾ
㡭
ԭʼ̥ľ棬ƷðɣȷʵЩ˼ԭʼ̥
ٲսɱˣԭʼ̥ɱȻ˵
ʦǸô죿
ʧȥ˽꣬ʧȥնɽڵ˫ۣԷ޵Уʵǿĳԭʼ̥ʱòѯƷ
ô졭ƷҲ뵽С
һ
Ȼǲ֪Ǿµɣ
ʱƷԥʱԭʼ̥
ţ·һ޵еսЯϢɽʵǿƷ
ȵȸ£
ԭʼ̥ɱϮƷˡ
ԭʼ̥ϵغһյȭâŻƽâ塣
ۣ
Ʒƽ𽣵ĹӲӲֵסԭʼ̥յȭâʱҲܲס
ɽ֮ƽ𽣸Ǳԭʼ̥ޱȼӲȭͷ˵Ѻۡ
ȥɣ
ԭʼ̥ͻȻƷֵĿע£ͻȻ˺Ĺץס塣

Ʒһʹİӱԭʼ̥˺ѳ룬ҪߵҲԭʼ̥³ˡ
ɽ澳ֻһ֮ңƷ


1878 ɱ
ǻҪ𣿡
˺澳Ʒ壬ԭʼ̥ĿͶ¶֣ɪɪˣɭȻʵ
ң
챻ԭʼ̥ʵ˵ԭʼ̥ע£ԹԵش˻ڴʵֲԭʼ̥뿪ˡ
Ǹô죿
ϿŵѪеƷʬ壬Դҳһš
һϢ˭ҽշ鴫ȥɫ
ʵ벻ͨΪڹϣɽڻȱʣػ걻ɱƣƷҲǣ䡣
ѵ»ҵͬԺһͷ
ţַͷ»ҵͬͲɱƷɱҶˡ
ѵֻһ⣿
˲ɽڽ׽оԼԴҳ˽һ˿ͷ
ʱҶ罫ԭʼ̥սǬ뾵ڰٽɽлϣ˹
ʲôˣ
Ҷ翴üͷšһ˼ǧɫγˮ죬֪ʵ
Ҷɽˣ
һҶ磬ûϿһ˿ɣ̾Ϣһ򵥽龭˳
˲ɽڽսжҶ˵
Ҷ˼µĻּп콣ǣüͷĸˡ
ʵ²ѷҶ绺˵ո˵˻ٵɽɱػ֮꣬ûдɱ䣬Ѹ뿪Ƿ·ɱ
˵ͷ
Կʵǿ˼ɣĹ˼ɲɽڵʵǹ˼ɽ棡
ɱ䣬һᾪ󽣹ʱȥܷܿʣֻǻٵɽڵĸɽڽ׽ڶҲвҶѭѭյ˵
αӣ
챾Ҷоҧź˵
Ҷ˵Ǹô죿ƷҶɽڵøӵҪѯʵ
Ĵ㣬ǲɽڽ׽ǽףܷǵļƻΪǾܽԴؽɽڣҲֲҶתһ䣬յ졣
Ļ˭뽣սʱӦÿԿ
ʦɽڽΪϣ΢΢οǻ˿ֲĸ򡣡̾ϢһеС
ңһнҺˣһᾡȫɽڽΪģĵ죬Ҷ˵
Ҷĺˣǰҵʵֲ̫ˣһǶǣǵ棡ҡҡͷε˵
峤ǰʱҵʥ漶õ˼شٸҼţڼʦҵطͨǵ沢޷սʤ
оʥԴ漶мغôҶ׼Ūţ漶õ
ģ۾һ
ͿԸԸעѹˣҶ¶Цݵ
ãٸʥɽսʧܣҲҪЩǸʹۣһҧʹóʥ͸Ҷ硣
İɣɽڵĳ㱨
õʥ㹻漶귢ɱ䣬Ʒˮ׼
Ϊɽڷʣʹֱӷ˰ٽ壬ѪֶΣһɽڣһп֮նɱ
õʥҶ磬·ƶգʼ˱չأʥ漶Уһٽ漶Ʒˮ׼
Ҷ漶ʱǵ澳Ľ꣬ɹһޱǿԡ
ͨӦҶоɿ۷澳ܵʶ
ʱһȥ뽣սԽԽ
Ϊ˱·ƶɧţҶһֱǬǵ澳硣
ʮʱǱʱ䣬Ҷûͻƾ磬Żڻ֮ʮ౶Ļޣȴͻ˾磬ﵽ˶澳硣
Ҷȫ֮ʱĲлϢ㽣壬µҪˣ뿪Ǭ档
Ҷ뽣սвʮʱ䣬Ƕǰ콣ɽɣ΢΢Щ㲵˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷ·ƶԹĿע£뿪㽣壬Ⱥʱɽڵ˻ϣһʮɳսڶ߷콣ɽʻȥ


1879 콣ɽ
콣ɽڶ߷壬߶Ƚڽڵ񽣷壬һ޵񽣣ڽ򶫱
콣ɽ̫ߣɽû뵽ƶˣ콣ɽۣǳѩǣûһʵ߸޷̤ɽۡ
ˣǰɽ콣ɽˣ
ָǰɽûƶˣʵ콣ɽ˵
ǿĽ⣡
ԽԽ콣ɽҶ콣ɽиоһǿĽ⣬һָо콣ɽеĽȫͷų̼նɱ澳ܡ
߰ɣ콣ɽҽɽΪ˱ʾɽľ⣬˶ɽŵǷ塣
콫սͣɱţҶ˳һϵʯ·׼Ƿ塣
ʱһҾ޴սˣսϸ߸ҵս죬ϳսǻԪڵս
Ԫԭʵɽ൱Ʒԭʼ̥ɱɽڵʵѾԪˡ
ϣⲻú簡
һͻȻսһϮɫۣһ񽣵ĻԪʮԪڸ֣Ծս
ףôֻԼӣأôû
첻ԪҶ뿪ʱĵļ˵
ԪἰɱƷ۽Ǽһ£ŭ
֪Ԫ϶֪ƷϢǹԼ
Ԫѵ֪ƷѾ𣿡
ǿаĵŭ׼뿪ʱһͳ콣ɽ
̨
ֱԼ϶̨̨֣ġ
ǣɫ࣬ͷϱ죬Ҷļҧˣ˲ҧҧ˵Ĺǲҽеġ
Ҷ˵ûһȺҰˣҶϬķЦһ
ţ
Ԫû뵽Ҷ絨ô󣬵ԼǹɫһҶɭȻɱ⡣
죬ʦɱɽѾûʸὣˣʶжԶԶҪˣԪɫƵľ
ɽûʸˣһ㻹ǶΪԪڿǰɡ
ߣ
˵꣬ûԪˣҶһ̤͸Ű߲֮еʯףһ֮ߵ콣ɽȥ
죬ҪһԪڣһǸѪĴۣ
ԪĿݵؿҶıӰҧгݵзĵ
ҶûԪں̨Ļ𣿡ɫȭͷĴ
ڻɽڱ£֮»Ǵ˳ȥ֤ɽлмϸҶžȵزӦ
ڵϵ;УԼٵݣĬĬظ콣ɽеĽ⣬Խ
Ҳû뵽ɽڱѪϴһȻͽڣɫѿ˵ɽͼı
콣ɽףɽ·ɽҪǶҪߺܳܳһʱ䣬žҶоһǿĽ͸ӿ£ʵλ֮޷ɿֲĽѹ£콣ɽۡ
ݣ
ţһ̶ƿͻȻҶһ˵ĶУ˳Դǿһɫۣһ˼Σոоӣ̤Ŷ͵ɽڣԼٶֱ콣ɽ۱Ϯȥ
У콣ڵһţû뵽ȻͻƵһǵ澳ˣ
оɢǿҽ⣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
ҶɨһУͶʧȥȤȻǧ꣬ͻƵһǵ澳㹻ޣʵѹɽڣҶǰȴơ
Ҷʵֻһȭܽɱ
콣Ӧĵˡͳ˵
һǵѣΪ壬ǼϰɣҶ赭д˵̤žȵز˳ɽ·콣ɽȥ
û߾ö࣬ҶһָоһǿϢ֣͸ƮƺҶһԼһɢɫϼ⣬ƺмٴ
ǬˣǬҹû뵽ҲͻƵһǵ澳ˣ
ʧǰӰ챶ܴû뵽ôľ糬Խ
𣿡
쿴һ۷Ƶһ˿ӰҶ磬еϣϡ
ˣ
Ҷһ˾ʱʵǣӽ¶Ȳ½ƮŴƬѩ콣ɽʱͻȻоѩǵɽ巢΢ҡΡ
һ쳣ǿ׳Ƥ¶ųɫļ⣬һͷںڳɢ˫磬˷ŵоӣ콣ɽӲɽڲѳһӡ
̨ۣô𣿡
Ƥӣ۾ɵùԲ𾪵з·𿴵˹
쾪̨ۻҰӱɹâɨһĿɿڴ죬¶һڽ׵ݡ
С󣡡
˵̨꣬۲ˣһֻܣɽڣ콣ɽۡ
Ϊαʵ嶼澳֣ΨɽûУҶɨһϢ̨ۣ˵
ʱ˲ãʱ˲ð
̾Ϣһûж˵ıлǿɽй¡
Ҷûжʣ̤űѩǵ̨ףʮɸߣƮѩٲȻһƬѩ콣ɽۡ


1880 ߾ͭʹ
콣ɽۣԶԶ콣ɽ޽һѩǣЩªʯʯʮϢֲϢƵĸ֡
絽콣ڣ̨壬ǬҴܣȫվʯȴûһҽʯȲ衣
ϣû¶һ˿죬¶ŨŨľ⡣
߾
ʯʮۣƷζɲŮŮϳǽ֮߾ĸ֣Ϊ׵İ׷ߣ߾ϣ߾ɣǵ۷徳磬ԻƢƵľ
ߣȥݼϣ¶˹ǫ֮ɫҶʯ⣬Ĺ˵ϣЯɽڵӣݼϣݼλ߾ǰ
죬ҷɽڵԽԽˣݼʱȻ˲򣡡
ɽڹϵǢ̨һϮɫۣΧһȦɫ룬澳̨žվԭأɫƽҶ磬
Ҷڸʲôҵȹ£ݼϣ̧ͷŹ°Ҷ磬ŵɫ䣬æ˵
ûйݱ˵ϰߣҶɨһ̨˵
죬˭
鲼ۣƢ𱩵ľеĲ豭¶Ź°֮ɫҶ磬ɫʵ
أϣҶɽǰøոĿ䣡ͷðſź죬ŬԼ侲͵
ߣ죬Ժ仹Ҫ۾һЩ֪ߵغ֮ǻɽڴѵģһλߵĿѵ
ǣǴϽѵ˵ͷ˲ͷð亹һҶѵĳ嶯
ҶеĲƣȴû¶һ˿ţ·޷ɫվԭء
໣
Щʱһ߰ǺͻȻ콣ɽըŴƬʽѩ˾ˡ
ͭʹˣ
һͭףĿߴһֻѪɫǶӣ߾ַ׷ʯӭӣڵϵˣȫˡ
ǵ棡
ҶͫһǶӣȻһǵ棬ʵ»ھ֮ϣѪͬﵽ澳磬ԺɨĴڡ
漶ͼ֮۵Ѿȫʵɱǵˣͭʹĵδļƻ
ϣλּˣ
ͭʹ¶һ˿ЩŰЦݣ΢΢Щ˻Ƶ˵
ǰʮ굯ָһӼ䣬Ҹˣͭʹȴǵֻһ֮ң˰ɣ
Ȼ߾ϣλߣڽĴʹ֮һͭʹǰȴΣ˵
Цˣҿϵ׳һ̤ǵ澳磡
ͭʹȻϵ˵ʱ¶ѵõЦݡ
ҶһǧҪ³çˣͭʹ߾ɽܵģ
һԺѵľͭʹˣ콫Ҷ纰һߣĶ
³çҶ¶˵ЦݵǽҶ¹Ϊǲ䡣
ҶҪҪٺˣẦɽڵģ
ҶĻŵû꣬޲÷ҶĴͣɽڱǣ
ͣ
ʱһЦ
⣬治򣿡
һϮϼ£ɢ޵ʣĸҶ簫һ㣬ϹűЦݵǬҶĻ˹
򣡡
ҶɨһǬƯĽ˵
ԴļһҲѳϵʹ죬ʵݣһӶˣǬ͸ҶһİۣĻ
ҺܿͻҶҡҡͷһ˵
ɽڲ뱻Ļǳ罫ķӳߣȻĻɽڴ֣֮
ǬɽڹϵǬؾһת뿪ˡ
ҶҶڣ㣬Ͳ˵仰ɽĵ𣡡ˣð
ˣҶЦЦûм˵ȥ
֪Ҷı⣬׼һĽսдɱ䣬֪᲻ֱŷ衣
ţˣ
ҶվѩоȴλʼʱǿͻȻоĹǿϢͻȻ콣ɽۣüͷ΢΢һ¡
ܿ죬ҲеĹǿϢ׷ͨɽ·͸ԽԽĶëѩųͬʽɫṲ̊ѩ޺۵ĳ֡
˭
İףĸ֣Ժͬʱðһͷ˽²ǵݡ


1881 
ˣ
̤ѩˣʯкȲͭʹԼ˷׷վ߳ʯӭӡ
죬ʲôΪԭû
ͭʹӭӣԲ򵥣
߳ʯӭӵͭʹˣĸָоǺܲ򵥡
죬ѵ
ҶԺһͷ
λҸҽ£ͭʹ̤ѩ˵˵ͷЩ˻Ƶ˵λ죬ǵһμӽսġ
ʲô
֪һϢȻ󲨣ᵽһ˿ѰϢ
ԭ⽣սΪǾеģҶ¶˵Цݣ֤ʵԼеĲ²⡣
ͻȻеĽսĸΪ׼ģսֻһѡ
ͭʹϣ˵˴νսֻʸμ𣿡ԪͬĹؼЩĵ˵
׼ģʣǿȥʣͭʹϵЦʧˣ˵
ʣ졭
콣ǽڽĴڣһ뻯ʵǴﵽǵ澳磬νһ֮£֮ϡ
ӣĸ˴أеϣеҰҲһ̻ҷ
ʱһְ̫ӶĸоȫΪġ
Ҳʦйϵ
ĬԼµʵĹϵǸһӣҲ챨
ˣȻûʣǴ˴νսԿʼˣǸѹȺۣʤҽĽ
˵ͭʹûٵʱ䣬ٻһͭ䶷̨ڿС
⿪ͭ䶷̨еĽʱ䶷̨ϵرص콣ɽۡ
Ʒͨʥ
Ҷû뵽ȱԽĵµĹ㡣
ˣ˴νսĹ򣡡ͭʹһ۱鲻һˣ˴νսȡѭ̭ÿ˲ѡ;ûˣֱսһΪ֮Ц߽
ڸλ峤ǩǵĶְɣ
˵ţͭʹгɫĹţƯڰС
գǩɽ϶̨壬ʵǿ콣ǬңսԪڡ
ˣ鵽һǩԪɸֵ̨ԣ
ǩʼһԾ
ಣ
һ̶ƿ
ɫӲߣʮģ⣬ͭ䶷̨ϣȴԼĶ֡
ȥʵ
Ԫڵһӣɷǿ壬ͻƵ澳Ԫս߰˵
ãԪ˵ͷһ׹⣬оʵģУҪǿ
İһսұʤ
ȻԪûͻƵ澳ɾ磬忰ȰټԪ԰սһ澳֡
ֵܵӮ
ģԾ䶷̨ϣĿ࣬ս߰Ԫ˵

Ļ䣬һȻ
ԪȻûͻƵ澳ɾ磬ǿһ澳ܶ˵
ѵС澳ܣ
һ˼ͷڸֻ꺣У˼
ãס˵Ļ
Ԫ¶һ˿ΣյЦݣѪ֮ǿ׳岻ϵرȫļһ͵£һ㰵ɫĹâ棬ͷǿѹȸС
Ҳò
Ԫķʱĳˡ
ֻĳһ̶Ľ䵽С
һնռҵضһ£µĽâڰһؽۣһնԪ塣
һٶ̫죬쵽˸ûʱ˼
רעԪȴ׽һĹ켣ʩչԪӭȥ
꣡
ԪնĻԪļٽâײһʱԪ·鲣һֱˡ
ʲô
Ԫɴ˫ۣԼȫһȻôױˡ
Ҫʱ޽ݺݵնϣȰһؽۣڽڰˡ
ڶ
һԪĳʤ׷ż㶯һµ棬߸Ծ˰У˲佻֯ٵޱȵĽӰиһеնɫ䣬ȫԪ
ͣ
һܼС
ԪĹˣܼĽӰն壬ǧٿףˤԶֱˤ䶷̨˱
УԪڵһţɾԪ˱
ʵ塣


1882 ֮ս
һ
ǿƻԪɫĻԪˣԵ˵
һǵ澳磬ʵôôǿɳһСһǵ棡
ʶĵʵıܴ澳һ׷Ŀ꣬ȴٳ޷Խһʵ޷ͻƵһǵ澳ġ
Ĳһǵ֣ǰѽһѰҶ۹εȵĶһۿĵʵгĵȼ
ɽʶ˴νսûһ˿ϣˣ̾Ϣһ˵
δأ
Ҷҡҡͷ
ʶĵʵɽѾû˿Ҷˣǿľܺɨǣο컹ûгս˵ʵ¸ǿ

ԪһֳֻԪ֮ƷͨʥȼĻԪͭ䶷̨ϡ
ԪʵȻǿԪǿޣֵסУͱʩչɱлɳ䶷̨˱
һԪڣ䣡
ʵǿȺĻܣûʲôģ֮£ɫ԰ûһ˿ѪɫĻԪ䡣
ˣ
Ԫֵ֮ɽ̨֮ıԡ
죬̨޷ЦҲһǲڽ£̨ĿؿˣĬ
ףϰɣ
һɫӹյİ͹£ϲ㣬۽һ԰̺ۣƻУǵ񾳽̨ӱս߰˵
ą̃˵ͷҪ飬˴νսܻɱ¾ɱһá
İɸף֪ô
̨ӱ˵ͷ޳˫΢΢ڰлһĻߣ䵽䶷̨롣
ϣ׼˭ϣ
쿴̨ɳʵ̨̨ӱŤͷɫصĻϵˡ
ʵȻףȴûʤ̨ӱİգ̨֪ɽ֮ĶԹһսԡ
ˣ
Ҷһ˲䶷̨ϣĻò׶̨ӱ档
ţ
ű˫֣ͦεҶ磬̨ӱüͷɵһ¡
ؿҶ磬̨ӱо·һ׽͸ʵϲɵ¶˾֮ɫٻһƷͨʥȼĳУĽĹ˼£׼Ҷ緢һ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
һʼ̨ӱʩչյǿһ˲佻֯ٵޱȵĽӰһϯҶ硣
Ӱ̨Ľѧ
̨ӱʩչӰҶ粻ܣվԭء
ҿǼһڸʲôΪʲô㣿
ҿǱ̨Ӱɵˣ֪룡
ΪҶᱻƾ˵ӰʱҶ綯ˡ
Ӷһֱۣǧڽ˲䱬ǰĿռҵĲ羪κһ㣬صӰ̨ӱϣ˳ȥ
أ
ۿ̨ӱˤ䶷̨֧ܲסӿĿֱֲˡ
찡ûпɣӶһֱۣǵ񾳽̨ӱһﵽʲôʵô˵Ŀֲ
ԭһǸݽɫ
ǰнȻȻĻ棬ַ˾ǰһĻ
ӱ
ԼŮҶһĻ̨޷Ƶŭ޲̨ҶʬΡ
ôɱΪŮ𣿡ӭ̨˷ŭҶ米˫֣˵뱨ǿһϣýԼʱ䡣
ãԼ㣡
ʧ꣬ٴιͻƵһǵ澳磬ͨˮ׼̨Ծ䶷̨ϣɱڵ˵
棡
Ҷؿ̨ۣ³֡

̨ɫһһǿ緢Ҷ硣
ǿ˲䣬ٻһƷͨʥȼǶ߿űʯĳһشƣһʮɳ֮ͨնҶ硣
̨˲䷢˫عҶɫ䣬̤һ
һ̤Ʒͨʥȼ䶷̨ҵĲ
䣡
ҶЯ̨֮ۺһȭױȵһǫ̃̄նĴ֮
һǫ̃̄ˣҶ̤˵ڶȫ˵ڶȭƸǿĹ̨ۡ
ˣ
Ҳ䶷̨з·һӣϵط
Ҷһȭ޻֮Ѫ̨˵䶷̨Ե
еļƷͨʥǳܲסҶİȭѿ˵Ѻۡ
һȭ
Ҷ¶һ˿̵Цݣص̨ۺ˵ھȭ
ھȭռѣµȭâһͷݿ̨۱䷢Ĺϣһȭؿڣ壬޵飬


1883 ҵ汾
̨ˣ
찡̨ͳȥϰ꣬ͻƵһǵ澳̨۾Ȼ˻ȭͷˣ
ɽʲôʱһ
ĿҶǫ̃̄۵һĻ콣ɽ۲ϵ˱Ҷֲʵס񲻶ϵطű仯
ͭʹ˶¶֮ɫԾҶµ
ȻʵδҶǬˣбʡ
ȴ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫеһɨա
۶
̨޷ʵ˱ĳХҪ䶷̨Ҷƴ
Ҫ嶯Ҷʵ̫ǿˣȥҲܸүС㱨𣡡
̨峤ס˾񼸺̨Ȱ˵
̨ҾվҪΪǱǾɣ
ű˱ס̨Ҷ米˫֣Ŀƽؿϲ˵
̨䣡
̨ϣŭһҶ磬ջǲò䡣
ԭΪɽںͻԪʵڿɽԵǰϻʵ˵콣ڻ
ɽҲûãѾעûܻ죬ý֮λ
Ҷһ֮Ӳѹ̨ͷɽڣ߾˶ˡ
һ콣ڶǬң
ִ˴νս߾ϣһ̤䶷̨Ҷ磬
콣Ǭ֮ıԣʵġ
ʵ൱Ҳ࣬սһˡ
գ콣ڵһţͻƵһǵ澳УѹǬҵľŮǬˣΪ콣ȡ˵ʤ
ˣԾɽڣ죬콣ڽ˵ڶ֡
ˣһϢʱ䣬һеڶֱڶΪѭЦΪ߾
ʹ죬Ҵδʹ죡޷׽Ҳֵˡ
Ҷɱ̨콾оޱȵʹ죬ټϻԪͬأɽֻҪץסᣬѹһͷ
Ҷ죬ǧҪٴɱˣûв´йأʣ˽ûܾ㣡Ķ
İɣзִ磡Ҷ絭ػӦ׼顣
Ͼ壬Ͷ壬Ҷ粻ܣ뽣Ҷ緢ֽʵǿ˵һѪȷ磬пΣ壬Ҷ׼ΣյӶɱҡС
ϣ֪Ҷʲô
ʶҶɱ̨ӱ̨۵һĻͭʹҲ¶˳Ծ֮ɫҵ˾ʵ
˵ҶɽĿ䣡˵
䣡ͭʹɫƵ˵ϣӦ˴νս壬˴սֻһǾ죬þһɽڣһ£Ҷ粻֪ɱʵĺˣǺҿɳе𡣡
ףͽɫ˵˽캰ʯС
Ҳ̸֪ʲô뿪ʯʱüͷšһ𣬷·żҵ˼붷
˰ˡ
뵽߾Ŀ£һһɴƣҵϥѩеϢҶ硣
Ҷ캮ضģҪҪһɽڶ
ƣҶ˽յ˫⣬΢΢ЩȻӵãҾͳһ
˵ţҶӹƣ֮󣬹˹˵ĺڡ
ȻǺþƣҶ¶һ˿ѰζЦݣһƿƹ뵽˶С
ҶúϢɣѭͰˣ
Ҷ罫һƿƺȹ⣬һſվƺ뿪ˡ
ȥıӰҶɫת䣬۾ƻľеĶȫˡ
һҹʱܿȥƳص͸ѩ콣ɽʱڶѭˡ
Ҷ²һȽеɽ콣֮Ľ
Ŵɽڣһ̨Ҷ磬콣ͻƵһǵ澳κ¶һ˿֮ɫУҶӦһҲһǵ֣һҪСģ䡣
İɸףұնԴ
Լʵоţųһһ˵аԵػӦţֳһȼĳԾ˰У䵽ҶĶ档
Ҷ磬ó汾°ɣ˼и߸߾Ű泤ָҶ磬ŰԵ˵
㣬ҵ汾£Ҷ米˫ֱ֣ѹһС
һ֪û£
۾б֮ɫһǿĽͦεƶʵڽ
գ֮䣬ʩչطоԽһǵ棬ﵽ˶ǵ澳磬һ仯ȫ


1884 ţҰ
ǵ棬ҽʱȻʵ
оһ˲ӵ˶ǵ澳ʵĸǬ˱ܴ
찡оȻƣҶҪˣҡҡͷٿҶ硣
ɽڵĻϲҶ磬ڳҲҶ硣
澳磬ÿһ֮ʵ඼ܴҪԽܵмܡ
ɣ
۾б׹⣬ٵش̳еİ泤һҶ
ǵң
Ҷ¶һ˿мЦݣվԭأɷޱȣŷâİ泤
ۿҶһ̴ҶͻȻָ˰泤³ķâס˽⡣
ʲôôܣ
Ҷָɣôܼס⣡
ž콣ɽͻȻ뵽Уֲϵط˵
㣬ܿҶ絽ʲô𣿡
մҲҶʵŤͷӵһͷɫƤţ̰ϸ壬ûһ˿覴ãվԭؾܶΧһйâޱʵ
Ҷܿ£ûбʤİգ
ޱƯ۾͸˵ɫҶ磬
㣬Ҳûаգ
֪ޱʵѵһľţʶ޲ڣͺʵڽҲҵ֡
ţѵûз֣ҶڸûʩչκεĽֻǵƾԵո˵ǰ㣬ûʸȫ֣ޱ˵ͷ
ǽ㣬˵᲻ƻǵļƻ΢΢Щǵ˵
İɣеڣҶҲûãעǽĴ󽣹ޱ޵͸ޱǿҵţӹɵ˵
УûгԷΪʲôĽ
ҶöһָеĽ˻ȥ˵
콣
סĵ𾪣ȫʩչ콣ǿĽɱҶ硣
ˣ
һƵ𶯵ĽϮռ䶼˾ҵĲҶͬʱꡣ
Ҷʵǿ̫̫࣬콣깥ӭһ콣âȥǿֱһ콣âƽ˴ʧɫС
ܣ
оҶĿֲо㣬˲䣬ҶٵӡһƣһΡľɽݺݵѹϣֱӽӰն˵档
찡Ҷʲôʵа泤콣Ȼѹˣ
һҪ첻ɣ
Ҫǰ˲˶Ȼƻ˵Ϊң˵
ѽҩңͭʹĿ˸˵
ʹշҶ磿ʵ
ҶǸ˲ţΪãҵǿԴһݻԵڤ粻飬Ǿͱĺˣͭʹ˵ͷ
Խţ
һƽӡ棬Ҷ̤˰Խţſռ䣬ھ֮ݺݵزϣµֱӽвȵʹధͷ
УΣգκۣ˵ס֣䡣
κҶ粻Ϊ̤˵ڶš
һŲ£ﰧµ·䶷̨̤ݺݵزϣֱӽȳ⽴ޱȼӲʥҲԽŲˡ
Ҷ磬ҸոնˣΪλҪɱ
űҶȳ⽴УκֻڵѪҶ
𣿲ûҶڰУһֻŭʨУ˵
Ҷ磬콣㲻ݣ
콣ϣ콣޷Ϊڣ콣Ҳ˥ܣ콣δ֧бɱ콣޷ʧ
ݣҶЦЦԵƥ˵ð콣һϰɣ˭
㣡
κļҪʧȥǣҶչ¶ʵֲ̫ɵѣҶҵ콣ڣ϶ŲΪ֪ĿֲֶΡ
뵽ѹŭס˳嶯Ҷ磬콣ˣ콣һᱨģ͵ǵıɡ
ô鷳ȽǾ˽ɣҶ絭˵

֪ǻ𣿡߾ɫɫ콻ӵεˣʵ
ң콣䣡
Ҷ绰евκ¶ع˼֮ɫ뵽콣ں߾ĹϵԷ׼ϧһдֻɱҶ磬Ϊб
ų򣡡
Ҷɨһ۵Σҡҡͷһ콣ڸĿע£Ծ䶷̨ȴ֮Ľ


1885 
Ϣһʱеڶ콣ıԣ
һ߾һҶ磬
콣䣡
αܴΪ˱Ҷ磬ֱӿ䣬ѵ״̬Ҷн
Ȼ콣䣬һʱɽռʤ߳ΪĽ߾ϴ
һʱˣոûʲôģھͿʼɣ
ҶУûʲôֱԾ䶷̨˭˵
ģɱҶ磬ĲΪˣ
Ҷһٶ裬εķζըˣҶʵֲ̫ͿƲסԾ䶷̨Ҷƴˡ
Ǻãһʼ߾һҶ磬
㣬ҴͷҪúһı£ս߰ؿҶ磬ԾԾԵ
ãĶҶܲ򵥣ʱһҪСģмǲɴ⣡Ķ
İɵĻµģ
˵ż㶯һѩأһƯתתŲư䶷̨ϡ
Ҷ磬иɫҪң㻹Ҫó汾£ĳҶСȭͷڵ˵
ָܽʶ汾µҲ޷
Ҷ翴츳ߣͻƵһǵ澳ģЦЦ˵

Ҳ֮ŮҶ绰еΪջһٻʮ˰ѷޱȵİ֮ͷҶ硣
̲֮˲ң
Ҷ絥ǿȾʹﵽƷͨʥټף׸ƷǿҲƲķ
𣿡ĥ˵ϣһᣬӲ
˵ţĲȱʼʮ˰Ѱ֮һ̶ƿҶ緢͵Ĺ
ʮ˰Ѱ֮ϮҶһָ
һָɽâʳָ˺صؿʮ˰Ѱ֮ϡ
ˣ
һ̶Ľ
ʮ˰Ѱ֮Ҷһָ˳ȥ
Ȼñ£
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ʮ˰Ѱ֮ٵںϣһʮɳǿĹ⽣ƾ˵նҶ硣
һն䣬ռ˱˲ռ䶼Ѿ޽նѿ
ںʮ˰Ѱ֮նһҶȻһָӭȥֲԻɱһһ澳ܵľ޽ϡ
ǣ
Ҷָ䣬ǧڽԼ֮ںһľ޽ѿѺۣճܲסҶһֱָӱˡ

ƣĲģʩչɱУʮ˰ѷѵİ֮ٵػγһĽҶϯ棬Ľɱ
˵ˣ֮˲ң
Χ۵ĸ֣ΪҶ粻ҲҪƤʱҶֵһֱָ˺˽ƵĵĹɫݵ˳
Ҷôôǿ
û뵽Ҷصôû¶ϲ֮ɫüͷšһ𣬲ɵƷ
ͭʹܿҶʵ𣿡
Ҳû뵽Ҷʵ˵ǿᣬɵѯĿ˸ŵͭʹ
ҶľӦһǵ۷壬սֲܿ´ﵽ˶ǵ۷壬ֱڣûжκεʩչκεʽпսǵ棡ͭʹ˵
һǵ澳磬ǵսҽʲôʱȿֲһ
ߣ츳ҲûãҽǱʹֻܽնɱ
ǵ澳ͭʹһҶͨ챾ҲûãʵҶǷַ¡
ãһӡ
ָҶУ˫ֿٵŤѸ˫֮һö󣬷·ǳĴӡ
ӡ
Ҷ˫ƴںǧڽԼ漶ͼӡ˳ȥɫġ
оӡгĻ֮Ĳϧ۵ڱ֮Ѫڽʮ˰Ѱ֮УǿĹʩչյǿһӭȥ
䣡
ǿʮ˰Ѱ֮նڷϮӡʱһ޷ֹӡĹ
ã
ӡݿʮ˰Ѱ֮Ĺɫ΢䣬̤һֹĲȫ㡣
˲䣬Ѻ۵ӡըˣµֱӽ͵Ŀռը˵Ѻۣ޷ϣ˲佫ˡ
ļӡը˺ʱҵһˣγһǿķסģֵסĹ
ȻĽ軤һȴǧԶԴŵأʮǱ䵽Զѩϣ˱


1886 ޱ
㣬Ұȥ
ĺ޻ܸ֮Ҷ磬վޱߣһƤŮҪ׾۾źڱʯ꣬бƥս
ǵ棬Ƕǵ档
찡ĵôôһ˾漶ܣ
обսƣ¶˾֮ɫǬңԪڵȫ۷ˡ
ޣһСģ
ޱ˵ͷɫƽ˵޷ʵ뷨
Ҷ磬һս
һһʵӵ䶷̨ϣʮѰ֮Ƴ壬Χơ
ҲҵĶ֣Ҷ翴ս߰ޣҡҡͷ
Ҷ޶ʱ촫÷ҶеĶء
Ҷ磬㲻ҪңҪ־͹̫ɫˣ
ӵóһöɫķһھѪ˷ҶڵĶء
Ҷھ綾ͱľɣеĺɫճɻңûжҶ幹һ˿Ӱ˺
ôȻЧ
̬ûһ˿жҶ磬ɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫ
ʱҶ޼սһ
޵ʵֲܿҶҲҴ⣬ٻһ֯һĽâҵɱ
죬㻹ڵʲôڵ
ԽսԽ£ȫѹޣڽڰ˵Ҷ磬ܻĴ
أϣҸոȼһöڶȴδܼҶڵЩ֪ػӦ
һöоöҾͲһֱѹڵľ綾ҧгݵ˵
ǣǣ
֮£콫ĺڶȫ˳뱾֮Ѫеĺڶȫȼˡ
ľٶҲ˸ע⣬ò˷׷ײ²˾ٵͼ
ٸƷֽ𣿡
ȫѹס޵Ҷ磬ɨһ۶ͷðſź죬Ϸʵ˵
㡭
Ҷ˫ĪĿֻһָоҶͿСϷڵľ綾
Ȱ㻹ֽһհɣҲһиҪֽȣҶ΢΢һЦ潣ںһһնɫ䣬ʮѰ֮ȫޡ
ʮѰ֮ķҶһնǿ
һն䣬ʮѰ֮ɵĽͼӲµĽƴɽѰһն㲻ϣϵĻն䶷˱
һ黤ܸſѪˤڵϵޣҶ絭˵
ûлҶոһԽնɱ
Ҷ磬ĺҪ죬ʵ
ޱûһ˿覴õ¶һ˿ŭ⣬һĽâ¡
һŮĤ֮£䶷̨ϡ
ǣʥʣ
˫ޱҶ¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽ޱȻӵѵһıʥ塣
º
Ҷһʣޱž޲˫Ҳ˿˿仯
Ϊظ£һᾡȫģ
ҲҵĶ֣
Ҷ翴ޱƯҡҡͷ
ȴôΪ
ޱһٻһ糤̻ŵˮƣǶһʯˮ潣
Ʒ
ǵ澳ޱȻӵƷҶҲĸ⡣
Ҫ֪ɲǰܱģûдԵߣҪõϿ졣
Ҷ磬ó汾£һսɣ
˵ţޱֳˮ潣Ҷ硣
ಣ
Ҷʱζһ£˲û˵ӰԲνҶŰΧˡ
һ̣˸ޱͬʱ֣֯ޱȵĽâҶ磬Ҫ顣
˾Ӱÿµ츳ޱȻԴǿɱУ
˲û˵ӰޱȫȷޱǣʵĺˣȻʲܽȼͨİ˾Ӱޱ
ͬʱ⵽ޱ˵ӰҶΣңӶһֱۣǿĿռ֮ͷγ˿µĿռ籩ӻŰ˾ӰĹٶȣ˺ѿѺۡ
˾ӰƲնռ籩ʱٶȾ˵ҶͲ֪٣ޱһˡ
ռر仯ռ籩
Ҷ絽Ǵðģ
Ҷ粻սˣ翵Ŀռ죬˶Ҷݲǿҵĺġ
ͭʹĿǱûȣҶյĿռŨȤ
ޱиɫ
ҶڰУӸ¿ĻòޱٻƷħ׼һܡ


1887 Ҷ磬޵У
ҶҲ
ŷħ³Ľâϵظƿռ䣬øӲɳ
۱ΣҶҪס뿪
ͭʹû뵽Ҷôܣռؾ磬ӵޱ潣
ţ콣ɽ۲´󣬽ӡ
˵ͷ߾֣Ǵʯ콣ɽܲ޵
Ҷ磬ȻҪңҲûôף
ޱƯ۾͸˵âһʥӳĻ꺣
ʥ꣬ŮȻʥ꣬Ҷˣ
ǰŮʵǿٻʥ꣬Ҷذɣ
ޱͷʥ꣬ûٿҶ硣
ʧǵȴһ£ΪؼǵãҶ˸µ漶ꡣ
ĵҲôɢŴĿʥ꣬ҶһЦðɣⳡԽˣҵĵưɡ
˵ţһƥеĺâӳҶĻ꺣ͷ
ڣɫ漶꣡
찡Ҷ絽ʲô޵УȻ漶꣬ò˻ˣ
ֲֲ̫ˣҲҶЦһ֮Ӳѹ죬Ϊɽڶʤ
ֱҶĵŴˣĸٽ˷ޱ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
Ϊʮ漶Ѷȣ츳յԴûȫİգԼĽ漶Ҷ粻ˣ漶ߵһܸߵˮ׼
ѵĲޱĲǿҵĴܸС
ʲôֶΣһʹɣȻûлˡ
Ҷ漶ڽ˷ħУ˷ħеƣ߸߾ħָɫصޱԵ˫˵
Ҷ磬ĺҪңûôף
ޱһԺеʩչ촫µطͨȼǿѪ֮Ӳʵǵ澳硣
ʵǣޱûԥֳˮ潣̳һµĽâϲĽˣϯҶ硣
ն
˺ƿռĽϮҶûʩչǿĽУֳַħն䡣
һնɱ顣
µĽâһֲ£ݺݵնڱϮĽϣԵĹƵޱĹ
һ̣Ҷޱʵؿڴ̳һ
һۣΧ۵ǰޱȣޱͭʹȴһ⾳
գ֮䣬Ҷ⻺һͳޱؿڴµĽâиһеֱ˺ޱ·ڼף¶һĨĿѩס
ޱԤеΣ㣬һԽؿڶ
㡭
ؿ·Ҷ绮¶˿˿⣬ޱӳ޾Ľ⣬ס壬µϣ˵ĺΣҶ÷ŭջ
ô֮㻹ЩҶޱŭҪ֪ˣǻᶪġ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪҪңûô򵥣
ޱ޵ֱʥϵʩչյǿɱУҶ硣
ҶǿˣޱȫǱʩչɱϵټʩչطʱӵǵս䶷һƬӿȡ
УҶΣң·һ鲻ɺĽʯɽι޷˺ֺ
Ҷôôǿ
ֻһǵ澳𣿡
˵Ҷչ¶ֶγ޷ǰһĻĻ
ýӮ𣿡
ȻޱäĿݣʶҶ羪Ϊ˵ֶΣޱʵŲϵ߽⡣
ѣѣ̾Ϣһû뵽ջȱʡ
ǵܻҶ𣿡ҧʪ촽Щĵʵ
Һޱʵڲ֮䣬ޱ޷Ҷ磬Ҳѻҡҡͷ
ô죬ѵô֮λøɽڣвʡ
ɽڣԶԶؿһȹϵĺ֪ʲôʽճ
һ񣡡
ޱϧһдۣĹݵʱҶʩչ˴ɱС
漶ͼ漶ͼ籡壬ڽ˷ħС
һ̳ռеĹâ֮ߣ˲谵·ֻ֮ʣƥе񽣡
ͣ
һ񹥻£ޱʩչĽϵ飬˵ٶ޷㣬ֻɵ㶿񽣴塣
ۿҶʩչһ̴ϵĻˣΪֵסһ󲿷ֹ
Ǳǿ䵽䶷̨ԵѪȾա
ޱˣ
ޱҪʱҶһǰֳַħָޱĺ˭˵


1888 նͭʹ
Ҷӣ飬ҪСŮ
ҿ֪ҶһĺΪޱòϧæ
Ҷ粻ΪȻֳַħָޱĺ
ڷħ̫ޱ۵Ĳϱħ⻮һۣʳ˴Ѫ
Ҷ磬ڸʲô㣬½˺ޱʹ壡ĿͭʹɫһλߵĿǣ
ͭʹľ棬ȻҶ統˶Է磬ĿؿޱҰ׵ҪҪɱ
Ҷ磬ˣģİɣҾҲͷޱҧ촽Ҷףǿ˵
ˣ
Ҷû뵽ޱ˷ǣ뵽ޱʵĹϵҶ˷ħûȡ
컹׼ս𣿡Ҷ罫ĿͶ˳һңԵƥʵ
Ҷ磬Ҳ֪ʲôӮɽڽΪ𣿡ͭʹҶʹΪϳңʹǿԿǴһݻԵ
Ҳ䣿ҶЦһȫȻûнͭʹ
Ҷ磬ǲǻԼĴ֪ܾĺͭʹɫв
˵콣ɽ۱֣Ҷη˵
ô㷢ˣ˹üͷ˵
˵ӵַδеˣҶЦЦм˵ȫȻΪԼĴǡ
úúãҶ磬ҵҪһס㣬㻹ô𣿡
Ƣ𱩵ͭʹŭˣŭһٻһ⼣߰ߵһնҶ硣
ͭʹǵ棬ȫһ󣬿µĽâһ㣬˿ռ䣬ֲڳ־塣
Ҷ̫ˣΪޱ޵ˣͭʹǵ棬ʵɲ⣬ܿģ
ǰпӳˣĻпܱͭʹնɱˣ
ҶǿƻޱһĻģޱϾֻǶǵ棬ǵ澳ͭʹ֮䣬вԽʵࡣ
˵ͭʹҪޱֻһ֣һС
Ѫȼգ
ͭʹһնҶûٲ׾ѸȼǿĺѪ˲佫ʵ˶ǵ漫£ںѪ飬ʵǵ澳硣
Ƿֱӱǵһڽ
䣡
Ҷ߸߾ں漶ķħͭʹն޵һײһ
ΪҶ粻ҲҪʱǰһĻȴ˵Ԥϣǵɴ˫ۣ͡
Ӳһͭʹնٽâϵ飬һڽķħصײͭʹеⳤϣ˲䱬ͭʹʧأڳѪ嵹˳ȥ
찡ûпɣǵ澳ͭʹĶ֣
ոǼս׾ˣ
ֵӲ㱻ܸҶޱǱܴ
û뵽ԼȫʩչǿֶΣȻδҶʵƳ
ôôǿôģޱĿתضҶ磬ĴܵͬʱҶŨȤ
ͭʹó汾°ɣ
һͭʹˣҶ¶˿֮ɫ߸߾ħָͭʹ˭˵
úúãҶҵСˣͭʹ۾͸˯}˵Ĺâһ֪ŭҵ³
˵ţͭʹ⿪һǿķӡŨŨĽǿ׳б˲佫ʵǵ漫£Ҷ˲Св
ȥɣ
ͭʹһֳȼⳤҶ緢͵ĹˮĹ꣬˺ռ䡣
޼
ͭʹŭϮҶʩչԴͨ
һնΡߴɢŻйĻľӰƳ壬޾Ļ֮ڽ˷ħУռ䣬˺ͭʹĹײ㣬ڰײһ
䣡
콣ɽɽѰıըµݻռ䣬Ʋ㶴һ޴ȱڣѵһ⡣
Ҷʩչ޼󣬵ͭʹϾӵǵ漫ʵӲһͭʹƽɫ
ͭʹסڷѪҶʩչɱʱҶͷͻȻѿ¶֮ۡ
֮ʱǳ߹ɫͭʹֱӶʩչĴɱУ˺˳ȥ
ͭʹµɣ
֮شͭʹҶٻ˼Ʒ֮Ĺ£˳ȥ

ͬʱŻ֮ԽԽ޿ɱܵͭʹֳȫ
еֻƷ޷赲ǿ
꣡
ն룬ƲͭʹֵĿע£նǿ׳壬ǿ꣬նɱ
Ĵʹ֮һӵǵ澳ͭʹ档


1889 ߾
ͭʹˣҶնɱˡ
ĿͭʹնɱһĻڳȫɵۣҶþ֡
ϣǸô죡
߾Ȼǽ󽣹֮ףֻйʵӲѹͭʹһͷҲѷͭʹ
ʵǿͭʹҶնɱʹ߾Щ֪롣
໣
ͭʹȫŭ澳Ѫǣŭһ˫бŨŨѪ⣬ѿĴڣһ㹥Ҷ硣
Ѫ֮ѪϮӵ޽Ҷû㣬һȭڽ˲䱬ݿѪϣһȭѪǴ˳ȥӴдһͷ
໣
⵽شѪǲҪļϮʱҶͷϵ֮ۼһɱ⣬ֱӶѪ֮嶴ǧٿףˤ˺ѩϣƬѩȾ죬
澳ѪǾôˣ
ͷǿ۵ʲôȼıôô󣡡
Ҷ粻Ѵ֮ɱѪǵһĻŵû£ҪҶ粻ݵ콣κŵѪɫ޲ҸطȥҪҶ緢
߾󣡡
Ҷչ¶ʵֲȴûסѸٻһ˸űǵͼ澳֣߾
߾󣡡ͼںһԱ̬ľˣҶȻû¶һ˿֮ɫȻһҾͳȫǡ
˵꣬Ҷ̤ٻƷɽЯǿĽӭ߾ȥ
߾ն
Ҷĵľ߾Ҷն˾ɱһ
һںͼںߴ澳ֵﵽǵȫһ
ռؽ
߾նϮҶǿĿռ֮ǰγ˰ؽƣֵ߾Ĺ
ͣ
ƾ˵߾նڲĿռؽʱϵնŰؽơ
߾ƵռؽʱҶӰͲˣþ߾󷢶Ĺ˿ա
ҪˣҶ߾󷽡
߾ն
ɫһϵؼ߾ĹնһľɱâҶ硣
Ҷƶٶ̫죬һ˺ƿռľɱâ޷˺ֺľˣȴļ
û뵽սȱʣ
һ㣬ڰתŲƣ߾󹥻Ҷ磬̾Ϣһ
ף˵˭Ц󣿡
ıܴޱҧ˵ĺ촽ʵ
ȻҸ߾ʤĿǰľҶʤļʸһЩһָоҶ绹еûжãҡҡͷ
ɸףҶѾˣỹʵɣЩŵ˵
Ķ֪ҶԵĿɲ߾ڻɱͭʹ뽣ûоԵʵô˵
һһͽͦ䣡̾Ϣһ
СѾͷ˵ʲôޱɫһ۵Ķȴ͸˵ĺΡ
սһﵨô󣿡
뵽ԼոջҶ粻Լĳǰ֪ǬҾŮǬ˿Ц
ʱһһҶ̤ĿռתŲƣ߾󹥻
ս̫ң콣ɽ۴󲿷ֿռ䣬ŵøּƵ콣ɽ۱Ե
콣ɽ۱߾˷ӡƵĸǷ֮ء
ôãӦ˰ɣֵҹˣ
ǿԸоļ߾Ҳ½Ҷ粻㣬ٻƷ̣߾
ҿһ
ҶѲɼ̳һλϽ²
о͸޵Զĸֵܴ
¡¡
䣬µ֮͸߾ͼعžˡ
ǿе߾ȫʱҶɽںһʩչһȥ
һ̳Ĵ漶ͼ籡壬Ĵ漶ͼںʱһĹ˲˼£һ߾ͼķһ㲻߾漶֡
أ
⵽Ҷʩչһ񹥻߾漶ֵˣһѪ
ǿƻɱһˣ߾˲䱻ơ
ʱҶ罫Ĵ漶£ǧȭߺ˾ˡ
Ȼ߾ͼȫ澳ܱǧȭӲɥȪ


1890 ɱ
Ĵ漶ͼƵ߾󣬴߾桭
һ𣿡
ǰһĻĻ˻ӲվԭأһƬհףĿɿڴ
߾ɱ
߾汻ɱȫŭ˾ϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮߷ɱйҶ硣
ۣ֮
޾ĽϮҶͷϵ֮޾⣬žʩչ߾ɱӲ˺۵˻ȥ
ݣ
Ҷ֮ǿб˾ʱѵ߾澳ͬʱҶ緢
֮ľ̫˺ŭٶȼ죬Ҷ޷ܣޱȵƷ潣塣
УƷ
Χ۵˲²⣬ҶᱻƷ潣ʱǾֵķ֣Ҷ渡ֳһ׷ǿ̻ŴƣǶ׵ս
ͨɷסƷ潣һĻ˲²⣬ҶϵףпƷףӵֵȼ׵ˣˡ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ҶƷ׶УĲˣȻʵǿ󣬹ǲףҶչ¶սֲ̫ټƷ׷ҪɱѶȵ졣
ڿǵĲӦҵݣܻܲȥ
ҶЦһʩչʮʱ٣Ĺٶ£͵Ĺˡ
߾ӣ죬һɱУ
ҶĹ̫ͣҷֳ֮£׼֮ɱҶ硣
ףҪҪ֣
ŭԥɫңʵ
֣
һδ˵ޱ˵ˡ
⣬ǲ֣ϻ᲻ǣһǵ˵
ߣҵǣοҶһеûжãЦһޱ˵
ͬޱ飬ѡԹۣҪ֣ҵ˵ͷ
ӾȴΥҶг콣ڸȳ˳ȥҶŰΧ֯ɽâع塣
ף㲻Ҫ嶯Ҷ粻ܵģǬҲݽȥ
Ǭ׼ָΧҶʱǬץףǬҼĸ첲˵
ôˣҶӮǬҼǬͳüͷ΢΢һ
ףңҶ粻߾ܶԸģǰæҲ𲻵ãпǬ⵽֣֮Ǭҧ촽
ǡ
ףǾͶһΰɣӮˣ⽫ǬĻᣡǬ˵
ˣûǬ֮أǬͳһǵ˵
䣿ףҶ𣿡Ǭ˿һһ㣬Ҷ
ðɣǬҾͶһΣ
ǬͳҲûֽһҧһѵľ
Ȼҳȫǣ
ԭʼ̥ħȸޣ
ȻҶʵˣƷף⵽ЩԲһٻ˳
飬۷аȰ֣ȴš
Ϊý֪Լ۷澳ܱ˵֪ͨ壬һϵвҪ鷳
ħ˳֣ǿĹ˺˸ֵķߣɱ¾
ħǵ棬ԭʼ̥սﵽǣټϿȸ޵ʵ֣ܿ죬ֵʼ࣬ҵĿռвϵرһѪʥ콣ɽȾѪɫ
㣬㣡
ԭʼ̥ʱϳԭʼ̥ǵɱƷǸˡ
䣡
Ĳʱԭʼ̥һȭյȭâֱӺ壬һȭɱ
ˣøոľȻǬˣĿǰһĻǬͳһµ˵
Ҷص̫ˣĺ֪ʲôˣǬҲҶ䣬ֶƯĴ۾͸ԽԽɡ
߾򷨣
ȫʧصľ棬ûϵһڿڱѪǱʩչ߾һǿɱУҶ硣
Ҷ̹£ʩչĴɱвϱ顣
̣
Ҷӵ޽ԴԴע̲ϵرͷų޾ĺڰ֮⣬ܡ

һĲҽ
㲻߾ֱͷŵ֮Уڵ˲׹䵽˱ѪȾѩϣ
򿪣ٴ򿪽ƣ
Ų߾ɥ߱ȫ߽ˣܻ
ӣ̫ˣ
Ҷ¶һ˿ЦٻƷͷ湭һҪ򿪷ӡƵ߾ɱ
֣һ
Ҷٻһȼĸߵеһβ˾ڷӡס콣ɽۣԼھ޷ȥ


1891 ɱ
Ҷ磬ϷҲŹģ
·Լֻ֪ƴһ·ˣʩչ߾طͨȼӴʵʱӵǵս
ͨ
Ҷû뵽ȻҲͨ߰ᵽŨŨΣϢ
սȻǵ£Ҷ˲СвȫʤΣɡ
Ϸһɣ
ŭһֳһƷ潣֮նҶ磬Ҫǿ֮նɱ
Σʱ̣ԭʼ̥ͻȻҶǰԼ᲻ɴݵ壬ֵס˾ɱһ
⣬ԭʼ̥
ɲܱȵģԭʼ̥ɢ֮³
Ҷ˵ͷԭʼ̥һɱ
ǣԭʼ̥ͷֳ˾
ʩչͨսȻٱǣǵ棬ԭʼ̥ս٣ټǼƷԭʼ̥пɷӳһ˼в鷳
Ҷ磬ֺһս
⵽ԭʼֻ̥ȫѪһֻŭʨ
ɵñƾʲôһսҶˣô쳤ҿһأ
㣡
ʲô㣡ҶսǿͱҴ󣬻ʩչͨս㻹Ƥ޵У
Сӣҷɱ㣡
û뵽ҶҲôû£۾Ļ·Ҷڻ
ɱң±Ӱɣ
˵ţҶͷ֮һ⣬ž
Ʒ£Ĺܵ˼Ӱ죬޷Ҷ繹в
ʱħޣȸĹ£һأ߾ָǱ¾ɾһ⡣
Ҫɱң֪ˣǰɣ
һصʬԽսԽµħˣһĸ߱ȫ߽ˣһֻ߲ܣһ߿ġ
Ҫ飬ɱ⣡
ڵˣҶ飬ħɱ¾
Ҷ磬㲻к³ģ
۱ӲնϲѪۣһߵκ˾ŭһѪҶ磬ҪԱʥ飬Ҷ緢һ
˺ϴ±Ӱɣ
ȼʥκ޻˻ɽһƨκԴϣӰ˵棬ҳһӣԴ
ۣ
ţƨһǿһκֱ꣬ӱ
𣬺ˬˬվ˭

Ҷ磬Ϸˣ㲻Ҫ˵̫磬ΪǱģǰľ棬֪ԼˣţҶǿҲǿǿ
һ죬Ҷᱻɱġ
ģò˶ãһȥݻὣģҶ¶һ˿Цݵ㿴һˡ
˵ţҶͻȻʩչһ񣬽һޱȵĽâһ˾
Ҷ磬һɣ
屻צһ㣬ؿסҶ壬ʥˣһ
䣡
һɷռıըھбֱӽҵĿռҳһڶ޾ķ籩˳һС
ˣҶˣ
ʱ̣ȻҶԱԶޱǬ˵˵ɴ˫ۣš
Ҷ̫ˣԶ֪һ֮˵Ŀ£Сһ㣬Ҳ
ҡҡͷδ˵꣬һ°Ӱ߳Ա籩ûһơ
⣬⣬ôܣ
֪ǵԱǺεȵĿֲƷһܳסҶȴ𣬿˵Ҷ쳬
սپȫɱˣ
ʩչͨ˲޸Ҷ
ʮʣµһֶħɱˣ콣ɽ۱һƬ˿־塣
ҶҶӣǬԸ⳼㣡
Ҷ˵ħһƵǬͳ˫һֱӹ˱ѪȾѩϡ
ƯǬˣһҶ磬ҲԹԵع
Ȼûй򣬵ʱ
Ǻܴûѡԣ
ҶɨһֵһԸɱˣֻҪպΪУҲΪǡ
ԸɱˣһصʬǬͳǳ鴤һ£ؿһͷллҶӲɱ֮㱣֤ǬԶΪС
أҶ罫ĿͶҵˡ
Ҷ磬ȻǿһᳬԽ㣬㣡ޱûӭҶ۾ĵ
ޱսŵҵһ£Ҷһŭ֮£նɱǡ
ҵһ죡Ҷ绹Ǻ޾׵ޱģϣҶ翴ԼӰӣûƽϣ߰ɣȥ콣ڡ
˵꣬ҶּƵ˷콣ɽ۵Ľƣħ뿪ˡ


1892 ߾
Ȼ죬ǬϢ콣ɽ۷£ı˴˳ȥڽȻ󲨡
ʹ֪Ϣϵ콣ɽʱǰһĻŴˡ
ʬɶѵʬ콣ɽۣŨŨѪζڿƮɢþòɢ
ڽŭͨͨҶʱҶȴ콣ڣԵʵƵ콣ڵԭʼ̥ǵأ콣ϴһա
ϴ콣ڣҶȺǰ˻Ԫڣ̨壬ֶͬΣԭʼ̥ԭʼأϴǵĲر⡣
һر٣⵽ϴٵϢһٴڽȻ󲨡
ҶҲڽ
Ҷ緢صһϢŵûֱ꣬ӷؼңƣҶ粻졣
ŮǲŵһϢ
УǾǸ߸ϣʥַģ߾ĴڣҶ羹Ȼɱ߾ڵˣٵһأֵһĻǸеΡ
ڽ׷ɱҶ磬̸ҶʱҶȴ˽֮׵߾⡣
ΪҶı߾Ĺر˹ţǿĻ󣬽߾ɽˡ
ߣ󷨽Ҫң
һϮɫ۵Ҷ磬һ۱ǿ󷨽֣߾¶һ˿Цݡ
֮߾Ϊԭʼ̥һأͻƱԵһǿԭʼ̥пͻƵǵ澳硣
һԭʼ̥ͻƣս
ɿճ棬䴩ռƣ
Ҷ罫ɿճٻ˳
򵥣
Ȼ߾󷨽ףɿճ˵ȴѶȣſĴ죬󷨽ƣܿ콫󷨽һȱڡ
ಣ
Ҷ΢΢һ˽ȱڣ뵽˾ɫ续һ߾ɽС
߾ǻҵط߾ɽоȻ㼯ô
ҶͥŲ̤ʯףһ߾ɽȥʱо߾ɽޱȵŨһǿ߾ɽеֲҲִ󣬹ϡ
վסǺˣôģ
Ҷһ͹·Եһʵ߾ɽʱһŭĶС
һ̣ɫֳַ߾ӳ֣סҶ磬ɷʵ
Ȼ߽ģ
Ҷ΢΢̧ͷ߾ӣЦЦ˵
ƨ߾󷨽ƣô߽һ߸߾Ӵ
˵ôģҶϵЦݸŨˡ
Ҳôģ߾Ұĵطʶ־ܣ򵶽ۣɱ㣡߸߾ؾ
־ܣҶ絭˵ðҾվץҰɡ
úúãһס㣬ҿ㻹ô𣿡
˵ţ߾ӾҪҶ硣
ǵִҶʱȴ·𴥵һ㱻˻ȥҶҲ˫֣ʵʯף߾ɽе
󵨣ߣ
߸߾ŭһʩչĽУһҶĺ󱳡
зҶʱȴһִϵĸо޷һ֣һǿķֱ֮Уֱ۷飬ղסеĳ
ڲаʱһǿѣĻ꺣꣬ɱ
Ҷ֪һð
ʩչѣɱ߸߾ӣҶûͣ½Ų߾ӿ־Ŀע£߾ȥ
ϮϮ
ֱҶԶ߾ӲŸҴΡΡ֣˴Ѷ飬߾ϴѶ
ʱ߾뵽УһͼУ˻ϣͥŲҶ硣
ԼһʱҶ߾ɽеľõĥһʵֱӷɵ˰У˺һͼһ㣬߾ɽ֮۵߾⡣
˼λȼˣ
վ߾⣬һٴУԼ߾֣Ҷ΢΢һЦƵ˵
Ҷ磡
Ȼ߾ڸûмҶ磬߾ҵ˲࣬Ҷпܵһ
ң
Ҷ˵ͷ̹Ȼسϵ
Ҷ磬ɱ߾ϼ߾ʮˣ߾ңǲе̫ˣ
߾ӣģ
߾Ƕ޻أһ߾ߵ
˵𣿡˵ָҶ米˫֣Ϊ˵ˣһϰɣȽϽԼʱ䡣



1893 
Ҷ磬ȥ߾֮ĳԹһʹΣ
߾ڴܱҶĿըʱһŷâ߾
һ̣߾Զÿһ·һϮɫۣͦһ߼ƥâ߾ˡ
ȥȻɢϢֲܿﵽǵ澳磬Ҷȴһ˿ţҼȻˣһΪ𣿡
Ҷ磬Ҳ֪㵽ʲô߾ܳΪ֮ףҲһܺģǵ۾бâҶȰ㻹ǲҪΪԼ
˼˲аҶҡҡͷҾܴ߾
ҪСϻˣסҪһ⣬Ӳ𣿡һǵ񾳽ŭҶ磬ߵ
֮ʹҶ磬ΪҶնɱĶʮ߾Уһֳֳ̣Ӱ߾ĵλ޲óҶ⣬ҶѪ
סңҶͫΣյ״˷ŭߵ㿴һˡ
˵ţҶǿγ˿µѣشһĻ꺣С
ۣ
һµѣֱӺƽ飬Ѫ˳߿˳һΣѪУ
Ҷ磬㾹ҵҵɱ߾ܣɫһǵ˫б޾׹⣬ɭȻ˵
ߣһðңѵӦò𣿡Ҷһʾ˵
Ҷ̫ˣ빬ֽ£
Ϊ֮ףڽĴڣ߾εܹȴ裬һĸ߾ŭɶ
ˣ
Ҷ˫ɨһ۽߾ܣٴαγѣǻ꺣У꣬ɱ
Ҷվɱ߾ܣŵ˱۾׷׺ˣþ֡
ڣ˭ң
ҶɨһǺŭԵ߾ڴܣԵƥʵ
Ҷ磬Ȼñ£߾е㣡ҶֶҲɵѣɱ䣬ű߾֣˵߾С
߾Ըң
Ҷµ˾ͼη壬žȵزΰ׳߾ţ߽ɣ£ǧ߾С
ˣ
Ҷ߽߾˲䣬һµĽͼͻȻͷ֯ǧޱȵĽâ
飬ҪηСϷˣã
Ҷһ漶ӳĻ꺣һɫ磬½ͼУһ½ͼ˽ͼеĵƣƵ˽ͼ
ƵͼҶ߾ȥû߶ã⵽½ͼ
߾п̻ĽͼǿȴƿҶ׷漶겻ϵƵ߾һ̻Իͣǰһ˰ʯĴ⡣
ϷһƮĽͼһɹǿĽڽͼйվڽͼ֮£罣֮ľںһ
Ҷ磬Ļˣٲ뿪¾ûˣĿؿҶ磬ؾ
֮һٶȰ˵Ҷ磬ΪҶ˼ɣԸݡ
飬ķϻʵ̫ˣҶҡҡͷΪɣսɣҪʱˡ
úúã鿴սɱ⣬ٷϻһ
ˣ
ѿһȱڣһӲӣ̻Ź·ߣ̫ĿĻƽ𽣴ӵزз˳ȥ
Ʒ潣û뵽߾ȵ̣
Ҷо߾֮ƽ𽣵ڷɽ֮ϣη壬漶ֲϵĲࡣ
Ҷ磬ҽ쵹Ҫ߾к̣
˵ţ뻺תĽͼںһ𣬳Ҷһ
һռҵĲµĽâڿռһĽۣնҶ硣
鲻߾ʵȻ£
оһ֮ҶûӲӣ̤˲ûӰܿ⾪һ
Ҷ磬㲻ǺΪλأ
Ҷ㿪ԼĹĴ󶨣
ڽе߾ܣǶӣҶ粻
𼱱𼱣ѣ
Ҷӡ
úãҵҪӲʲôʱ򣡡ɫһֳֻƽ𽣼Ҷ緢͵ĹĽϯأҶеܿռ䡣
ҪһҶܡ


1894 ̥
Ѫȼգ
Ԫȼգ
ЯɱϮҶûԥȼպѪԪ˲佫ʵǵ澳硣
֮ʩչΪϴٶһر⣬õʮ̺ǿĹʵЩʵÿһŶָܻԪ㹻޼ɵʩչ
棬ˣԸĵƣ򲻵ѣԸ籩¶ǣ⾪ӵ塣
ʵǵǵ棬Ҷﵽڽսϰٱ
䣡
Ҷշħں漶꣬˺ޱȵĽ磬նĻƽײһ𣬿µײ˲佫ռѿѺۡ
ʲôҶ羹浲ס˹Ĺ
һô뺷
Ȼδ뽣սԶԶسĴʹ𣬺
ˣˣ
ȻҶսȻ飬ڽֲսϵĲ࣬ҶţԼֲѹǵ澳ľ顣
ಣ
һ̶ƿ
Ҷ罫ٶ£˲ûӰ֮ƹ˾顣
ҶѸײڶĹʵǿսḻľ鲢ţֳֻƽȫҶ߾мս
߾ɱ
ǿƵҶ糱ˮĹ߸ߵԾ˲ն߽
ʩչ߾ɱǾɱȵġ
߽ն䣬ΡĽɽµĽɽӿҶ磬ѹ
ǧȭ
ɽɱҶ߸ߵĶ˷ɽ˫ȭͬʱ˲ǧ޵ȭһƬ꣬ɽڰкһ
䣡
һܼı
ɱһײҵĶԳ⣬ڰˡ
߾ȻǿĽƣȻܲסɱײɵƻݺύѺۣ߾֮
ʩչ߾ɱȻǿ󣬵Ҷǧȭͨټںڽǿзɽ
ʲô
߾ɱҶǿƵΪ𾪣޷ţҶ羹ȱ£Ծǧȭ
ѵոպȭâͨ
߾ɱﵽ˼Ʒͨʥ£ƻ߾ɱľֻͨˡ
ʲôˣôͨоҶݺܲ򵥣ĳֿ»ýرʡ
Ʈ콣䣬Ʈ
Ҷ罫߾磬κνжܻ档
һնĴ漶ͼ籡壬˳ӰĴӰһѿҵĿռ䣬ն˾顣
ԵʵƵƮʱҶֽʩչĽУ鷢͵Ĺ
ã߽
Ž裬ͨ£
һֽն
ҶĹԽͣʽþΪԾ
Ǳ޽꣬Խմﵽ˼ֲĵײټֲʵҶĹδ˵
Ǭ󣡡
ѹƲסĹƣҶУٻٰǬ֮
ǰɱ¾ѹΣҶõһһʮѰ潣ѼƷͨʥǬ
ն
ҶһٰǬ֮ںһ𣬻һʮɳǬ޽ٰ㽣⣬ն˾顣
߾򷨣
Ǭ޽ննƷһӲնǬ޽
նǬ޽˲䣬Ҷͷѿۣ֮⣬͸ҵĿռ䣬ɫ΢䣬ᵽŨŨΣϢȫľ顣
֮۵ĹȼƷȫ£ķˣµݺݵعϣϵףˡ
ãˣ
ŴӰ׹˺۵ľ飬߾ܵ˲뵽˵͹ȡ
Уͬ飬ˣǺ̫ˣ߾˵пܱҶ̤ƽ
ۣ֮
ȼպ֮ѪҶӵ޽ԴԴϵؿ֮۹
̵֮۵Ŀ£鲻ӲӣϵʩչĪȫ㡣
飬㲻ǺΪʲô㣿Ҷģ¾Ŀľֱζըˡ
Ҷ磬㲻ҪţҾͲֹֻܿĹ
ԽҲԽ󣬾ţҶ֮۹
飬û뵽Ҳһֻ֮ܣҶ¶һ˿м˵ˣֶܼá
˵ţҶԴԴϵؿǿڽ֮У֮۲ϵعĿ׷ɱΪǱľ顣
ʮϢʮϢ㣬һ㣬ʱ
Ҷ·֪ƣĻ֮ʩչٶͨľ鶼Щƣȴȣûһ˿ļ
ģôʲô̥
ɥ֮ȮǱľ鲻ź


1895 ߾
ͼҺ䣡
ۿ㲻֮۹ƲѺ۵Ľͼ׹âɱҶ硣
Ǭ󣬵
ͼɱҶٰǬ֮ǬͼͷֵסйµĽͼ
ţҶɽںһʩչһն˾顣
һնֲĺɫӰֱµĽ·նѿһ㡣
һ˲䣬һƬеĹâɫâɣ·ؼֻʣңն񽣡
ۣ
һ񹥻ٶ̫죬쵽þ޷㣬һݺݵ壬ڰ˴Ѫ˳ȥ
ˣİˣ
㱻Ҷľ飬߾ڴܵĵ뵽˵͹ȣв˿ֻ
Ҷ磬
أ鲻Ҷ罻֣Լٶ߾֮ȥҪ֮ɱҶ硣
кβң
Ҷµ˾ͼ߾Ϊأ̤ž飬߾֮һƬŲľС
ǿ߾ǽ󽣹֮ףڽĵطǿ̫̫ˣ
о߾֮Ҷ粻ϲԭʼ̥ٻ˳ƽӲУе֮
á
ԭʼ̥ľٶɫ΢΢һ䣬ǿ֮ԭʼ̥Ҫǻ
ԭʼ̥ʯݻ᲻ɴݣ߾֮Ҳ޷Ǵݻ١
Ҷ磬㵽Ҫʲô
о֮ԴԴϵʧصľ߾ʧȥ֮ջɱҶ磬Ҳ޷ʧ߾ĵλһǧɡ
Ȼ߾ҶҲż֣˵
Ҷ磬ʹ֣ͣԸһ
򣬴򲻹ػ⵽ɣþ񣬴
Ҳȱ
ɻϾܿһ񱻿ƣѹʮҶˣһ澳ޱҶУȴûж
ҶģֻмƷԼ˵ӵл֮ܵˡ
Ҷ磬Ҫ߾ݣ
һ߿֮壬ѹƣһ߷ŭ
ǲͲˣҶ羲˵
㡭
鱻Ҷȥ޲ýǧС
Ҷ磬ҪſϷŹ߾
о޷ԭʼ̥֮ʧٶ޷ƣ鲻òˣʵ
ܼ򵥣ǲҪң߾Ҿ뿪Ҷ絭˵
ȥɣ
ҲƲסеŭЯǿ֮Ҷ硣
ŭ£֮籡壬γˣ·顣
֮ն
ǿϮҶ֮ն
ˣ
֮£еƼˣµһְ仡һĺɫһնϲն㲻ľϡ
ͣ
㲻ľ첲նµֱ֮ӽϱն飬һϡ
Ʒ㾹ȻмƷ
о͸Ļ֮أ浤ľ¶˾֮ɫ
ʲôѵûз֣֮ҲǼƷ
Ҷ͸һѰζĬ
飬㻹ʲôԣûо·ɣҶӸµؿصľ飬˵
Ҫ˺ԸԼһ
߾ӵгߵĵλ߾ľ֧Σգһ߾ܲΣշ˹˾ǰη˵
ÿûʲô£
浤ǿ޸ľ
뿪ǰס
һ߾ܲû뿪
Сְɣ
Ҷ类߾ľУҪҪһʱһϵͻȻ
һ̣һھ޴ʯ߾зɳ
ʯ״ʱһ鲼ۣѩ׵ĳɢ˫磬ϲƺͺڰߵʯ˳
һ߾ܣʱ¶˲֮ɫ׷׹˵ϣ档
߾֮ʣҥѾ֮õ߾Ϲǵ澳һ֮ң߾ˡ


1896 
ǵ۷ܡ
о߾ɢĿֲϢҶµһǵ۷ܣͻǵ澳һ֮ң
СְɣҪ߾ˣ
͸˿˿һֻ̤ǵ澳磬һֻ̤Źص߾ͳ˵
߾ԵԼˣչ֮ãǵ澳߾أΪ״ܿԽһҪˡ
Ӧأ
ԴԴԭʼ̥ͻƣҶʹȥ
Сαͱأ߾̾Ϣһ߾֮ƽٻС
֣ɱ֮У
߾ǰ򣬾㽣߶Ķ֣֮ʵǿ󵽺εȾ磬߾ڴ֪ܲǿɱҶӦⲻ
ӵԵҶ磬ȴظо߾
Ȼ߾ܿ£Ŀǰ״޷֧ųʱ乥һսԴԴϵʧܿͻ
Ҳ߾֣ȴٳδҶֵԭ
Сˣҳ֣ĿԺܴ󣡡߾沢ȻҲżįǵ澳ˡ
ǲ̫ԼˣҶЦЦ˵Ҳǵ۷ʵͻƵǵ澳磬Ҳɱңԡ
Сôţ
߾üͷšһȻҶ츳ʵƽģԼʵģԼһкɱҶ磬ȫлὫնɱ
ҰѻҶ֣Ҿ͸ɱ㣡Ҷ˵ͷ԰˵
ɱң
߾浱ҲƢ֮ˣһСĿвȼܻ棬Ʋסеɱ⣬Ҫˡ
¡¡
ʱԴԴʧѿһ޴ȱڡ
˴֮ԭʼ̥ļͻƵǵ澳磬ԭʼҲͻƵǵ澳硣
ǵ澳ԭʼ̥
о߳ԭʼ̥Ŀ£߾Ҳɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
֪ԭʼ̥Ŀ£ͬȾԭʼ̥ʵǶ֡
ԭ̣
վ볿ߵԭʼ̥߾ԥԥҪҪðճ֡
߾ڴܣͬԭʼ̥Ļ֮סոջӵرð
ǰɣ
ԭʼ̥ȷʵҶ̣̣̣۷澳ܣ߾沢
¡¡
߾Ķҡȴ֮ʱ߾֮ϵ񷴫ĵҾ޴ս߾֮ϡ
ǻƽ𽣹콣ˣ
սҵ죬ѹֵ߾˳ˮ
ǿ󽣹ۣԺɨһУնɱҶ硣
ѣѣû뵽Ǿˣ
Żƽ𽣹콣ͷģ󽣹Ĺ߾һ糾µ顣
Ƕ⣬󽣹˶ʮ澳֣ôһӴԻһС
ϷǸ֪ߵغ֮Ǻηʥ
һϮɫۣϢ߾滹ҪǿἸ֣۾ݽգ׶оŭҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ϷҲ֪ʲôһ壬󽣹
ɫۣݳһƳףǿĽɱڵ
ˣǾһְɣýǽˣȥƽ𽣹콣תת
ǵ漫´ܣԼʮ澳ܣҶ°Ȼû¶һ˿ţ·󽣹δ
õ
ɫһһƥеĽâѳ壬ˮкһնҶ硣
ǵ۷ܣ֮߾ʢһն䣬ֱ˿ռ䡣
ۿһҶ磬ԭʼ̥ͻȻǰյһȭһȭзѵĽâ
ǵ澳ԭʼ̥
оԭʼ̥ʵѩ׵üëһ£¶һ˿֮ɫ
ԭʼ̥Ĵǵһν˵ȼԭʼ̥
߾һ֣Ƚԭʼ̥ѹ˵
оԭʼ̥Σգ鴫߾˵
ã
߾˿Ҷ̾ԭʼ̥ˣֻҪԭʼ̥ѹҶ罫Ϊ塣
֣
һŭ߾˽⿪ӡӳǿʵʩչһɲĽԭʼ̥
Ȼԭʼ̥޵УȺ󽣹Ĺƺܿ챻ѹסˡ
һ֣նɱ
ϧ۽ԭʼ̥ѹ˲䣬ɨһ۴ݵҶ磬׼澳֮ɱҶ硣


1897 ѹ󽣹
˶𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ۷аǬٻ˳
۷а֣ҶǰԼֵʮ澳ܷĹ
Ȼһ澳ܵĹ޷в۷澳ܣʮ澳һ֣ͬɵĹԻء
䣡
һı
ҶǰĿռȫ¶һ޴Ŀռڶ
ܵ۷а棬Ǳɻ֮塣
֮ɢȥʱ۷аƵۿɼٶȻָţգָ֮
⡭
Ŀ۷а޸һĻгĻ֮飬߾˸е˿־塣
۷澳Ǻ۷澳ܣ
о۷аϢ콣ʣʻҪֲһָо۷аʵȴﵽǵ漫£¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ǷٲͱҴɱ䣬¾ѾˣҶв
ٻ۷а棬ҶȴͻȻı⡣
˽ӴҶƿؽͷѹ˵лὫƿԼϣΪԼС
Ҷ磬û뵽㻹̣ƾһ۷澳ܣѸٴһ£Ӳ˵
𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦٻϹ죬ڰпٵҡҷγ˴ƣռ䡣
ôҪѪƴף
Ȼ鲻۷аǵвټǵ澳ԭʼ̥ǲûбʤİա
ҪѪƴҷ㣡
˵ţҶ罫Ǭٻ˳
һ۷澳ܣ
ɫۣ֮󺣣ϲķ棬ɫޱ䣬߾ֱӱ˴ֿڡ
һ۷澳ܾܸ߾в۷澳ܣԺɨǡ
ڣǻҪѪƴ𣿡
Ҷ翴ɫ䣬¶˼֮ɫ飬߾ˣ¶Цݵ
Ҷ磬㵽ʲôˣ
飬߾Ҳû뵽Ҷ羹̣ĵ뵽Ԩ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣǲǾ͵űѪϴɣҶ͸˭İ
Ҷ磬ǲģҧ˵
𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦ˲а
˵ţҶ罫飬ب۷澳ٻ˳
ʱ߾ذһ˫˫͵Ŀˢˢվ۷Ĵڣ֪롣
ģΪʲô˵˵߾ˣֳⲻǿ𣿡أûʱ븴ԭľź
󽣹֣˵
ޣٲͱ飬ȫɱˣͫ׷Ŵ¶־֮ɫˣҶ絭˵
⣡
۷澳ܣ˻֮Կһ£۷澳ܣǵķȫ߽ˡ
ǺɣĴ۷澳ͬʱ֣ɽ
ô죿
飬߾Ժðͬͷ֪λش
ôԥҪ֪ǵѾƿҵϣǾϣǿϳңҵǿԴһֻԵҶѭѭյ˵߾ͻǵ澳硣
ͻǵ澳磡
ҶĻһ߾ɴ˫۲ŵؿҶ硣
Ҫ֪߾Ϊͻǵ澳磬ν뾡һа취ʮ궼δܳɹѾ˥ˣҪͻǵ񾳽磬졣
㿴ʲô
ҶһٻһɢɫâĻ
ǡ
ҶеĻ߾ɴ˫ۣ𾪵ʵ
ϲ״浤㶼ûжˡҶ翴߾ԽԽ۾
Ѿ˥ˣ浤Ѿûã߾˵ͷ𾪵˵
浤ãȴԣҶ΢΢һЦԸ⳼ңҴһݻԵŻ͸㣬ͻƵǵ澳硣
ȷ
ҶĻ߾治š
ȻȴţһŻͻǵ硣
ɣǴΣͻƵǵ澳磬ʹ߾ңҲ뿪ΪǣҶЦ˵
ãһΪ
ҶĶԼ߾ԥӦΪԼ˵޷ܾ۳ɰܣԿ
ǱʶУϣҶӮ
иУԼ߾ҵĲУΥҵǶԼϣ߾ҪңҶ絭˵
ڻµ߾˵쵯ָһӼ䣬Ҷҧҧ͹ȥˡ
ڰ߾ͻƵʱҪҪңһ׼ȷĴ𸴣Ҷ罫ĿͶ˱鸴ӵ˵Уκ˲ôѶ鴫Ѷҷ֣ҽȫɱ⡣


1898 ߾
߾
󽣹һҶ罫׷Բԣ͸߾溰ԼߣϥԼǰ
ţҶԼݣ͸߾Уȼ塣
Ȼûио߾ڵĻ͹ƿˣΪ̫ˣڵɥʧ޷ͻһҶջͷŵ߾ε˽⡣
죬ӡס壬޷ҶŤͷ˷棬
ã
˵ͷͷųǿע뵽˷Уǿзӡȫľӡڵ
¡¡
ӡס߾棬Ҷָһץһ׸ߵʯץ˹ҽС
ҽʯϣҶס㡣
߾棺
ҶӣҪʲô
ǿ˹˵
ͻǵ澳磡Ҷɨһ۾飬˵
飬һҶӵģҪôϻΪͻǵ澳磬ʮ꣬߾ȥˡ
棡
Ȼ߾ƿ߾档
ȥ·ҰˣþУҶָž飬
߾棺
ҶӣҪΣ鿴һǺ߾棬Щԥʵ
ȻҶЩ͵İ˰ֵһа˵Ȼ⣬ǿɱҡ
飬Ҷ˵ʲôʲôΣ߾ۣҧ˵

һ˺
ܿ죬߾ϵ·ͱ˺ˣ¶һ߸ɱϵ塣
˵ڸʲôüͷšһ𣺡ôо߾
Ҳָо˵ͷ߾ͻǵ棬ܣҾ߾ĿԺܴ󡣡
߾ôͣȴ裬ңջˣ̾Ϣһ
飬˵Ǹô죿
Ĵ۷澳ܣ;ˡ
ô죿̾ϢһҪҪȫ󽣹ֻܳ
죬ȥ
˺߾·ʱҶóһƿֱӹ뵽߾С
ҶӣҺȵʲô
߾оҶԼȵĶûжԣʵ
Ҫ˵ϻŻȥҶֽޱĻ߾С
飬ȥ߾ĺãĶˣƽʱΪ󵨱ŵŮӹҶ˰֣˵
⡭ҶӣŮӸ
ɵˣ߾ɵˣҲɵˡ
ôôϻҶջ˵飬ٷϻⳡԼһѪֶշǣɡ
Ҷӣ㲻Ҫȥ
뵽߾棬߾澳ܵСҶУˣ߾ʮ㣬ĻŮӡ
̫ˣ¶ѵ¶ŶǶУҶɨһءƨ̵Ůӣ

Ҷӣ㣬㵽ڸʲô
߾ԺͻȻֳһõͷʵ
ͻƣҶ絭˵Ÿʲô·
ѣһҧ˵Ҷӵҵ˭ѣɱ˭
ǣ
ƽʱ󵨱ŵŮߺʮ˵ѵϵĳȹ¶˻Ľ
ţĶŶǶֵŮӣҶ˵ͷ
˵ţҶóĿȸᣬ߾Ůӣ

ֵŮӵ۾һɣֱɵۡ
ȻǴ󵨱ţǹȻ߾棬ȴҡ
ɱˣ߾棬Ҳɵˡ
ǲҪģӡֱ˺ǣҶ絭˵ŸʲôϿðȻڵĴҩҪˡ
ҩ߾ͷһըˡ
Զ飬ŵûһ£Ҷ޳ܵͬʱԼˡ
Ҷӣ㵽Ҫʲô߾ĵĲӵǿңһֱĸоҳҳǣ㲻ҡ
ôУû㣿Ҷһܻ߾ǰͻƣмҵġ
ŮӲ߾棬Ҷ۳֮漶ͼסŮӵĴʶöȸᣬö߾ɱӡ
ŮӱĶˣֻźɫǶö˫΢΢ɢ˫ȣϵش̼߾棬ڵĴҩˣȼܻ档
ܿ죬ǿҩ͸߾С
һֻҰޣŭһȫ궯ޱȣ۾ҲѪɫ
ҩЧŮҶ£øӵıţŤ֫ԸеĶ΢΢ſĺ촽ҩһ̼߾棬ֱӱˡ


1899 ߾ͻ
ҶҶӣ߾Ը⳼ɣ
˫Ѫ죬Ұһŭ߾棬һ£ĵ
ٸ˵һ飬ڰֻҪͦһأһͻƵǵ澳磡Ҷ͸һİ۵
ǿǡ
ûʲôǵˣվһȥûÿɱ㣡Ҷ˰֣Ļ͵ľ
Դҩͻǵ棬ƭ
꣬Ҷ̫ˣҪ߾ļư
飬˵ǲɱӺݸǿģһǵ˵ǲʼʩǡ
ܣصص˵ͷģҶǵ··ѡ
ʱһһ
߾вϵ߾Ұްİھҵ£ϵ屻ճһѪۣȻֻ֪뽫ջŮ˵еĻͷųȥ
ڵӡѲֿţԲŵĸоԽԽڷ
߾ҵӣȭͷӲҶͬʱƲסҪҶƴ
뵽ƴĺԥˡ
ǧ߾Ϊɥ
Ҷӣͻƿ𣿡ҧŭҶ磬˵
Լо°ɣ߾ʲô仯Ҷ翴಻סŭҪԼƴľ飬˵
仯
һͷǿ͸߾С
һ̣סˡ
ظо߾ϵ徹Ȼ˻һǿϵߵžƿ
ҶҶӣ⵽ΪΣѵҩͻǵ澳磿˼ʵ
оҲţҩȻ߾巢˾˵ı仯
ɵۣаҶ޳ܵ飬Ҳɵۡ
໥һۣ˴еľͲ˼顣
ѵҩĹãǲҲܷ´ҩҼŮԣԺиֳһ˼ЦԷǵͷ
ʵ߾ĵ̣Ӧ̤ǵ澳ˣΪ̫ˣѾ˥ˣѵͻٳ޷ͻƣ
Ч̣ͻƵ߾Ѿ֧ͻƣҲ뵽ôҩŮǱһҶ米˫֣ĪĽ͵
ԭ
˻Ȼ֪ԼҶˡ
Ҷӣˣ۳ɰ߾Ը⳼㣬ԶΪЧң
ҲĽҶ羪Ϊ˵ֶξ۷˾飬Ҷ磬ҲⱲͷ
콣ƽ𽣹ҲԸ⳼Ҷӣ
飬໥һۣҲѡ˳
ҪͻƵǵѶȵ죬Ҷ磬ǾͲһˡ
Ҷ߾ͻǵ澳磬ͻҲ⡣
ų󽣹Ҷ¶˵Цݣշ󽣹һɼӴԸѶȽ󽵵͡
ãƽʱеӵֶΣ߾õҶ粻ݿܵ
һΣֹҶ磬ûѯʣҪҪŮӣһ߾档
ˣ˶෴ңãҶҡҡͷ´
ܿ죬ֹȥһʱ䡣
߾巢췭ظı仯ȫǱȫ˳ɱҲñʶȴҩĥˡ
һѪѪȾһѪˡ
߾Ǳﵽ۷壬άʱʼ˥ʱѺ۵ƿڱԼǰڻ۵Ӵˡ
䣡
ƿƵ˲䣬ʯˣŮӸǱɿֲϢˣѪ
ǵ澳磬ͻˣ
߾ͻƵ˲䣬¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
߾ͻƣζ߾ʵָһ̨ףҼʶҶ羪Ϊ˵ֶΣԼһͻƵǵ澳硣
ҪҶ˵ͻƣνʮðգ͸֧ǱҪ̺ܳһʱ䣬ܹǵ澳磬ȻӰ쵽պͻƵ۷澳
۷澳
飬һ
ǵоһΡߴ޷ԽĴɽ۷澳ǸңԶ飬ʶҶ߾ͻƾһĻǶҶĻŲɡ
ԭʼɣ
߾ҶҲûԭʼɣٻ˳
飬ӦҵĿģ
ȫľˣҶ˵
ҶԸԸ񣡡˵ͷ
Ŀ٣壬ͶĽ񣡡Ҷ˵ͷˣָûͻƵ񾳡
Ѿδˣû֣뽣ӦûδͻƵ񾳣˵
ûͻƾͺãҶ˵ͷˣмǣϣʵʵش𡣡


1900 ĥҧ
ǿ֪ʲô취ܽ󽣻
Ҷ֪˽⣬ǵܣֱ콣ʺʣҪԸ񣬶ԸĽնϽұۡ
⡭
˶һۣ˱˴۾еΪѡ
ҶӣʵȻڽλߣȴ벻ýķۣǿκ˥޹أ⵽أֻĴǰ̾Ϣһ
Ҷӣҵ뵽һҲʣ˼һ˵
˵죿
ͻȻҶԺиֳһžǿȴĽɫס
ǣʵĺˣޱʵΨһˣ£пܾ˵ͷ
λøңȥһ죡Ҷ
ǣ
˵ͷ춴λøҶ硣
ˣΪ˱ҵİΣһʱ䣬Ǿҿռ䱦ɣȲ˽ԻỹɣҶ粢Ľ£ǴǬĲռС
ǣ
޷ıĽ飬ûпԹԱҶ紫͵ǬС
죬ص֪ǵĴڣʵֲܿڽ󽣹ԶԶ콣ڵš
ɽɽ쵹ǻҵططٲȻһɻ
Ҷ羭ʱ·һɽ࣬ɽˮɽʣˮīһƯȺɽ⣬ԶдϪˮʵɽɽҶ緢طԼƯĵط֮һ
ɽɽ̫ˣҶֱɱȥѰҶڵͷ˳ɽ·ɽһɽɽȥ졣
ţҶ緢ǰӰ
ųͲһŮصɽ
òͨһ㣬ŮӵòϳˣǴƵļɫֲ١
˽ŲһŮͣ˽ŲͥŲ㻺Ҷ硣
Ҳʦѧյģ
Ҷ紩ͬͨ£ԸߣƤڵǰʵ
ǣҲʦģҶ翴һˣҡҡͷ
УʲôģѵİʦɣƤŮ͸Ҷһİۣм˵
ŲǣȷʵʦģΪǻʦ
ҶЦЦҲûκεͣ˳ɽݣɽɽȥ
ߣһװƵģ԰۾͸֮ɫ
ŮӶ˸ջҶ˵ջҶðĿеʥء
֮⾳ˮ֮⾳ľ֮⾳û뵽ɽɽ̺⾳
ҶԵѾﵽ漶һۿɽ̺⾳ܲ͸Ե
Ҷ罫ڽɽˮ䣬ĬĬʱǿͻȻоһϤϢ΢΢̣һ⣬˹ȥ
ݣ
ٶȼҶһ֦ҶïʮִִĹľϣһݱˮ̶̶ؿͷʪƤţ̰ϸ壬ĻŮӣö̶ˮԡ
̶ܣػɫϴŰɴŮӾؿܡ
ԡ
Ҷ籾סģԼȥ죬û뵽ʱľȻԡ
ʲôˣ
Ҷ׼뿪ʱһǵ澳磬еĲҶĴڣɫһ䣬˲佻֯ĽӰҶ硣
ĺŭһ󣬵Ҷ˵ȴûвӶһֱۣնĽӰ
㣡
Ҷ齣Ӱ˲䣬ķ˫Ҷ磬еŭȡ
û뵽ΪجεҶ⣬͵ԡ
ʲôѵҪҲ졣ԺиֳһõͷҶԵ޹죬Ҷ϶ĿģʵҪԼ죬Լûз
ɫͽ͵Сԡ
ŮӷӦ׷ٻĳҶ硣
͵
㣬ֵһ˰ɡ
Ҷ翴һķ۵СӶһֱۣͷųǿŮӡ
㣬ʲô˼ѵÿ𣿡
ҶĻһĵģ˿־壬ץŭҪҶǧС
ˣϽ·ȥ죡Ҷ绺תȥڿġ
㣬쵽Ҫʲô
űԼҶ磬ĵܴĥ˵
ȥ첻֪𣿡Ҷ¶ŵЦݵ
Ҷ磬Ҿ㣬òҪע⣬Ĳ㣡Ķݺݵ˵ԽҶԽ˳ۡ
ģ㲻ﱻҴȥ죬ͱôϻϿ촩·Ȼڿɱû㣡Ҷؾ
㡭
뵽Ҷᣬ뵽飬Ļ溦ҶѸٴǬָóһѩɫȹϣŭĳҶߣĥҧҶһڡ


1901 
ţ·˳۶ˣ
ƻһ͸ŷۣı˫ԲͦεģҶ¶˵Цݡ
㡭㵽׻᲻˵
ķ֣Ҷһ춼ܼԼİ۵С콻ӡ
ˣ㻹Ǹȥ죡ҶָŰɴ䣬ΪǱŮӣݿܵ˵
С㣬˭
ƲŮӾؿҶ
һˣһʮĴĥߺ޵˵
ҪҪ֪ͨǣһŮӿ־Ĵ
⡭Ҳһʱ佫Ҷ絽Ϣңޱˣֺ¼ŭʵɲҶ磬ҡҡͷˣȥС
Ҷ磬쵽Ϊ£ҶȥʱûҶϸоһ˿ɱ⣬Է˼㲻ῴҽ㣬װɡ
ǣҶҡҡͷɫȻ˵
Ҷ磬ҿɾ㣬бˣòҪҴ⣡Сȭͷݺݵؾ
Ҷûĵľ棬ɽɽȥ
ٽʱҶǡ˸ոɽŴһŮ
˿Ůʱ۾һ첽˹ҶԼȴֱӱǺˡ
񣬰ݼʦŮǰʦģʦȫ
첻ǰʦʱǻǹɣҶ絭˵
㡭
ҶĻɫ΢䣬ŭ
£δЩ˰ɣѵֻʦǾͲУƯİŭ˵
˵ˣҲʦģҶҡҡͷ뿪ΪǺá
ͷ²ˣǵ²Ҫָֻţߵ˵
λʦո죬˵첻ҵλʦҪɱΣһ˵
ȷʵ˵⻰Ҷ˵ͷ󷽷ϵȷʵ䡣

Ҷ統ڳϣʦȴɵۣ˶ɡ
Ҷ磬ʲôʲôԹҶڮ죬ĥŭ˵
ԩ޳𣬵Ҳû˵Ҷ絭˵һ˾ܺɨ죬˭ҵң
㡭ᡣ
˸ɵۡ
һ˺ɨ죬һ˭
˿ҶÿֲӸɪɪ
ˣҪʱˣٴȥ죡ҶĿ
ѵսģ
ΪʦԹԸҶߣԺðһµͷ׺䶥һ
ûãһ߰Хɽɽ
Ҷǰݻᣡ
ҶվڱؽƷӡ⣬˿ֲХ졣
վߵŮӳܲסҶŵɫҰף˫һڵϡ
һǵ澳Ȼס˿ֲΪܲѡ
Ҷӣ֪Ϊ£
ҶյĸŴˣһŨӿ˳
츮ңӻҪƯ֣츳˵ޱ˳ڸŴ
ôҽȥȱ裬ҶǴ֮Ҷ翴ңޱˣ¶ŵЦݵ
Ҷӣ㱧Ȼ߹д㣬¾㲻⣡ɨһվҶߣƱЮֵĵˣ˵
Ҳ⣬ҺΣҶЦ˵οĻϡ
Ҷ磬һۣӦòмȱӵֶвǰɣޱ޵¶һ˿ŭ⣬ߵ˵
㣬Ҷһ޳ļһ۸ҡҧ촽˵
Ҷ磺
Ҷ磬ôˣ
ۿ죬·ܵίģޱüͷһƣԺвһõͷŭ
Ҳ֪ҶôˣҶЩ˵
㻹˵ҵˣһӶԭģķ·ҵŭҶ磬ǳ

ҶͻȻоЩͷҪ֪ôѲЮڡ
Ҷ磬һõɱ㣡
ޱö˵ĹϵãԼüпܳ˴ޱŭˣ˾޴ʵ࣬ٻˮ潣Ҷ硣
ޱһϮҶٻ漶ӭȥ
ϴһ壬Ҷֵõ˴ʥȫ漶У漶Ʒ
һն£ޱŭɱб漶һƵǱ漶ǿýڽڵİˡ
СѾͷڲѻ˵ҴɱˣҶĿؿźģɱȻ
㣬ԡʱǲͻȻ֣ҶɭȻ˫һ
ȻءҶ
Ȼǲ˵ûÿ͵ˣûȤļ˵
ȻءҶһߣޱȴ͸һΡ
Ȼ޶ԣЮҵ;лһֱ˵Ҳÿĥ

ͻȻ鲻ãǷϻˣҶɫˮտ̤˵ǹԹϣұ֤˺һˣǾܾǾͱҴɱˡ


1902 е
ã˵
ȷҶûж£һԥһ£ǽҶС
ģԺ󲻵ú֪ոһ뵽ٲ֮أޱ˻ָɵߣЩֵĴ
İɽ㣬ҿ֤ǸɫǶ˼ɱģŷ˫壬ĵı֤
䣬ϹɳҶ壬£ٵҡҷûˮƣ졣
ɫǣ㵽ʲô
΢΢һ䣬Ҷ
оҶĿǣԣĵ֤Ҷж
Ϊ˷ֹǷڣֻõرֶΣҶ绺תߵС˵
Ҷӣ첻ΪУ֪ҪſϷŹǣޱҧһ˵ĺ촽Ҷӵ
ֻҪǴӦһ£ұ֤˺ǷֺҶ翴ޱµ
ã˵
ޱһֻõ壬ҧ˵ĺ촽ӭҶ۾
н㣬һɫҪô죿ʥŮɫǸ䲻㣡ɫһ䣬ץޱĸ첲Ҷ󺰵Ҷ磬Ҿ㣬ҽ²̳ˣҴע⣬治Źġ
СѾͷ㲻Ҫ˼룬Ҷ㲻ȤҪʣҶҡҡͷ¶Цݵ
ʡ桭Ҷ磬㣬㰵棡ĵɴ˫ۣŲСָҶ磬񿴹һ㿴Ҷеġ
ĵĻҶ۽ǼһѪ
ʵ벻ףԴжװʲôôô˼ͷ
ʧ̬ޱȴɫ䣬û뵽Ҷ羹ȻΪʶ
СѾͷΪҲɱ㣡Ҷ¶һ˿ջ֮ɫؾٺŲҰι·򡣡
㣬ңҶĻʱʵ
ҶӣҪԸ棿ޱסĵ𾪣ŭҶ
ҲҪԸʣ׼һᣬҵĻᣬ֪Ըʻ𣿡Ҷ米˫ָ֣˳ŵģ
ʲôҪԸ棬Ҷ磬⡭
һˣҶľ棬Ҷ
ոպһ룬Ҷͷ漶Ӷ£ָĶͷ
СѾͷϣ㲻ҪңҶˣԸɭȻľ
Ҷӣϵ᳼ģޱҧ촽ŭҶ磬Ӳ˵
󽣹ңѵʲܳҶʯ쾪˵
ʲô󽣹ˣ
ҶĻȻ󲨣ǲ顣
飬飬ɣ
Ҷһٻ˳
棬桭
ųҶߵˣӵʱѻȸһõͷޱԺв
֪ǿϹԹԺֻҪʴѶұ֤ΪǡҶ翴ɫ粻ż˼붷ҵ
˼ҶӣûųҪɱҪ㣬ǾΪԼ棬˼뵽Сҡҡͷܾ
ǾͲðˣҲĿǲݵģҶ̾ϢһĿͶ˾ǿޱȻұҲˡ
˵ţҶֽħȸԭʼ̥ǴǬٻϾѹ졣
Ҷ磬㵽Ҫʲôס֣
ҵ˸ֵסˣһֱѹӡסȫ廨ڵϣޱʱˡ
ϣ㲻Ҫң־͹ǲ
˵ţҶޱ͵Ĺڻҵмɱ
Ǭն
ҶһٰǬ֮籡壬γֲĽŹޱĹڽڰˡ
ޱҧ촽ʩչµɱУǿƵʱҶٰǬ֮ںһ𣬻ʮɳſµĵ⣬·նѿǬ޽նޱ
ۣ
ӲǬ޽ޱʩչɱˣµݺݵغϣն˳ȥˤԶ
ǿʱ漶Ҷ¼ٷָͷϡ
ޱˣ㲻ʵһЩҶؾ
Ҷ磬ɱң
Ҷľ棬ޱΪҪٹ
ȻҶһͷ棬ҶǱʶȴɱһջ漶꣬ٻ̣ѹ
ǿѹ£صޱֵסܿ챻ѹá
ҵ۾
ޱѹ˲䣬Ҷǰƻ֮漶ͼâע뵽ޱ˫УǿпĴʶʴѶ


1903 ʣ콣
㣬ʲô
ޱָʱֽŴѶ̣Ժ˲ԤУŭҶ
ûʲôֻʴѶǣҶӭޱƯ˫˵
Ҷ磬ǿˣû뵽㱰ɣ޳ܣޱǺŭҶ磬ҧгݵ˵
ʵӦøлҲŶԣʵΪ˾̤Ͻʱ˵ɱҶӭޱ۾˵
㣬븲ҶĻޱɴ˫ۣŵʵ
ڽУʥַĵطǽ飬ӽ񣬴δ˸Һ
ٱ壬Ըû𣡡Ҷ˵ͷԵ˵
㣬ѵҽˣޱԺиֳһµͷ
ޱĻ̫ˣ㲻뱻˺ʵһ㣬ֻҪʵұ֤˺ǣҶûлشޱĻľ
ʵأޱӭҶ۾ͱ˵
ޱҳ㳤úƯƽģڵˣҴӲ飬ȰûʵһЩҶҡҡͷĮ˵
˵֮ʣ飬ħնҶȫѹڵˡ
Ҷ磬˺棬ҲŹ㣡ޱҧ촽ŭһҶ磬ߵɫ԰׵ߡ
ޱ
ޱȱˣҶҡҡͷϥŨɾУȴʵ
ʱһһܿʱȥˡ
ͻȻҶ˽յ˫͸쳨ĸţԶԼٶȼĹѱٶȼٷ
ǵܣ
ԸӦ£Ҷ緢ַˣʵﵽǵ澳磬µߣʣ콣ʶˡ
棬ˣ
оʵϢޱ˲û¶ϲɫ¶ŨŨĵ֮ɫ
Ҷûʮİգʡ
콣ʣ˼ҲˣۼĿ콣ҲˣϲҶ磬ţƲ죬һĿӳԡ
ھУȴһ˿ţʶҶߵĴ澳۷ܣ콣ʣʾͷۣҲעԱճ
飬飬Ȼǣ
ǺôĵӣϮ죬ٹ־ܣ
Я콣Ʒʣ콣ʿеľˣ¶֮ɫϮĻ󽣹ˣȻŭ
˼ʣѾ˳Ҷӣǵˣͦζʷŭ񣬵˵
ʲô
ĻըһʶȻ󲨡
Ȼ󽣹δҲһɼµ˽ǻ벻ܽշ
ʣ콣ʣޱǱѽͶң֪ǿɷԸ⣡
ҶϹڣɫˮʶˣ˵
ʲôҲͶ
µۣͷѩף˫ǳ͸ɹâվɽ콣Ҷ磬м˵
ϵĴڣϷһָ㣡˵
ұ棬ڿˣҶ̾Ϣһ
㣡
콣ʴЦһһƥеĽâѳ壬һ׹䷲ӣնҶ硣
ͻ콣ʹҶ羲վԭһۿƥĽâҶն룬ͻȻǰһˣīĴֲ֣Ľâ
䣡
ղһ¡
콣նĽâҵĲһ£鲣һ㣬ˡ
⾪˵һĻˡ
۷澳ܣ
о۷аɢĿֲϢ콣ʣɫ΢΢һ䣬֪󽣹ΪθԸҶˡ
㵽Ǻˣ
ɫ⣬˫¶֮ɫҶ硣
ӡУ˽񣬾ֻ۷澳ܣǣδ˵µ۷澳ܵ
ǳңȻҵݣҶ米˫֣°˵
۷澳ǿǵͷʣ콣Ѹٴһ£⣬ҪԵĹ˺ϹƵĿռ䣬뿪
𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ飬بţ˴Ǭٻ˳콣ʣʶ˵·
Ĵ۷澳ܣ
һĨĿ־ռǵ壬¶˾֮ɫ
Ƕ֣ȫԵֵһ۷澳ܣĴ۷澳ܣȫûлᡣ
ʣ콣ɵˣޱҲɵۡ
Ҷ磬㵽ʲôˣޱĿ⸴ӵؿһҶ磬Ĳ


1904 ѹ󽣻
ҵСˣϷҲ᳼ģ㻹İɣ
Ȼ󽣻ʼΪǲϵϣȴֻиֵİͲ
Ĳ˺ǣҶ̾ϢһŵöڶʱͻƵ۷澳أ
ߣСϷɣ˵ûãһΪ
ȻǾֻˣҶͫһ˵а棬죬ǾͽˣҪǣС
ǣ
۷аͷֳǿʶˣмս
ʺ콣ȻǽұۣǽڽĴڣǱϾṳ̂۷澳۷а棬֮ŲԽʵ
ʮǶʩչĴɱвϱƣƱ۷аͷѹˣ޻֮
䣬췣
潫ݵ£޾췣ȫ콣ʣµĹݿ˺ķصغϣ˳ȥ
ǿش콣ʣ۷аҲʩչǿĹʣڽڵİˣѪ
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫ˺棡
ſѪ۷аѹסƵʣޱ絶Ҷߣ˸߹ͷ­ĵ
İɣҲɱǣ
Ҷɨһ۳˵ޱΪ
˾Ӱ
أеƷ潣ھѪ潣ǿ˲û˵ӰӰ˸򹥻۷а档
ǿɱУ۷а治ܣʵıһȭ
䣡
һ۷аһȭ˳ȥʩչİ˾ӰҲһ̣ն۷аϣնѪģ顣
δˣ۷аƵۿɼٶˣ
аа壬а棡
ʶ۷аӵв֮ʵɴ˫ۣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
꽣δӡǰ磬а֣֪ܽаĿֲӵв֮Ǻɱ
ʾ۷аʱ콣Ҳشأɥʧ˻ֵС
ʣ콣ʣһ仰ǻǵԼѪ𣿡
˺۵ʶˣҶ°ؿǵ
ңǡ
ҶĻ󽣻ˡ
ô߹ԼѪˣҶɫת䣬ɱȻ
壡
ҶĻʶȷҶݡ
壬ΪˣΪ٣Ҷ˵ͷڣһ仰ԸĹ£»ع𣿡
⡭
ʣ콣໥һۣ֪λش
ȻǱʶУûԼѪѾãǶҲûжУ֪λش
ҶԼĸˣô򣡡Ҷͫһ죬ҾͽǴѰɡ
Ҷ绰䣬棬۷аͬʱ֣ٴιʶˡ
ոһսʶأɥʧս֮Űȥ޸ַ緶
ҶӣŹɣȥûģ
ŶԼչмӵʣƤӵ±˿Űޱ絶ϵҡҶĸ첲İ
Լĸһ£Ҷ粻Ϊ˵
ȵȣл˵
ƤȥͻȻ˵
˵ʲô
Ҷʾֹⷥͣ˵
ǲûб壬һжǽľýͷǾʹӦ㣡ʲΪԼ죬òìͷ
ģǲŹģҶ¶ЦݵڣмҪǣϣʵʵش𡣡
˵ɣ
صʶˣޱ˲ϥڵϣ˵
ǺεȾ֣Ҷʵ
ʵӦóԽ۷澳벽񡣡˵
벽񣡡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵУм۷档
Խܷģֻһ۷򣡡ʺ˵
֮ǺҶ
⡭
ʣ콣໥һۣԥ
ôǻңҶɫһ˵
ǣǲûмֻ֮ںܾǰ𣬽֮Ϊҡҡͷ

Ҷɫһüͷšһ
벽񾳽ĽѾѶԸˣƿһǴԵѡ
СƽˣҪѶԸҶһĬš
һ⣬ҵ潣ҶԼĿġ
潣ʳ˼һµ潣Ϊ󣬽ҲûмţҪôϣҪôӡڲرС


1905 
İнʥأ񽣷Уƿ
Ҷӣǰ񽣷ˣ񽣷ָԶһƶˣֱ̲ɽ
뿪죬Ҷһûκεͣշתʮ񽣷⡣
ţҼȥɽ
Ҷ˵ͷ鴫͵ǬУžȵĲΡ׳ǿ񽣷ȥ
ڽǽڽʥأÿնĽǰ񽣷壬񽣷͸Ľ⡣
һգĽ񽣷£Ҫ񽣷彣ʱȴ񽣷ˣκ˶޷񽣷С
׷ʲô£Ϊ񽣷ᱻӡ
ڽʷУδӡ񽣷飬òᵽ˲ѰϢ
ȥɣ񽣷ɽһʱ᲻ˣ
ǧ񽣷彣⣬ͻһڿǲˣ
˵񽣷ΪͻȻɽأһɫһüͷ˵
֪һǵһ˵񽣷ɽ
˵᲻ὣ˴УԷɽ
Դǲ⣬УǸܺĵλ
⵹ǣ
ڽڷյ񽣷۷׷ʱһϮɫ۵Ҷ磬ˡ
ιλѣ㲻Ҫȥˣ񽣷屻ˣȥҲûã
˿Ҷ񽣷ȥѡ
ڵңԷ񽣷壡ҶŤͷȥ¶ŵЦݵ

ԭǸӣ
˺ˣҪˣֲ֪ߵغļһҼĶˣһ͹ԹԵػˣ
¶˳ЦûĻ
˵ۣҶֹˮߵ˷ӡǿƵ񽣷£ͻȻһȭ񽣷ơ
䣡
Ӵ𣬿µ񽣷ƾҵĲ
ҿ˷˲ɣҹ񽣷ƣѵ±ɱ𣿡
˵δֲ̫ˣһȭȻ񽣷ƣ
˵עҶʱҶֺ˵ڶȭ񽣷ơ
񽣷һвɺҶȴ㲻ʲô
Ҷ籬ǧڽ£񽣷˵Ѻۣ޴ı˽ĸ̤ŷɽ֡
󵨣Ǻˣҹ񽣷ƣòͷˣ
һɫۣ͸֮ΧһȦɫӣŭҶ磬
ڴˣȿ˵ǻ䣡
˵ţ漶ӳҶ꺣һХĺݺݵն˲Ѻ۵Ŀռϣնѿһȱڡ
һ̣Ҷһ˫˫͵Ŀע£ȱڣ뵽˳ǿ񽣷У񽣷Ӻһȭ
һȭռ飬µݿַĹǺ˳ȥڰһѪԵɽУ˹ȥ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ѵ񽣷ͻȻɽ
Ǵ¼Ҫһʱ佫Ϣȥ
ĿҶ羪Ϊ˵ֶΣ񽣷ը˹
ʱҶ磬̤񽣷ϰ߲ʯףһ񽣷ȥ
вٽָЩֻδҶ磬ͱɽ񽣷С
Ҷ磡
ͻȻһƾ쾪װ񽣷񽣷þòɢ
ң
ϻֲҶ粻ΪԵػӦ
Ȼûм񣬵µУǱǽ񷢳ġ
ڽ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫʧ
˵꣬ʧˡ
񽣷콣ɽҪߣ񽣷б鲼ƣвʶ⵽Ҷʵֲ̫ǿޱȣ񽣷еĽƸ޷˺
Ҷ粻ϵ˺񽣷еĽƣٵȥʱ񽣷ɽֳһˡ
ҶڴˣһϳԨԴߡ
վ޸񽣷£ӶһֱۣͷųѰݺݵع񽣷ϡ
һ̣Ľ鲣һ㣬ˣ¶һ󶴡
⾪˵һĻòδߵĽ°Ͳˡ
ţ
ƽƣ뵽񽣷У߻ǵ˫ͻȻ⣬˲񽣷У¶ѰζЦݡ
ԼʱҶ磬˺񽣷ؽƣ񽣷繬һĽ⡣
ҶģǽֺĽǽʮ˰ʮɸߣ̻Ź·ǿʯ
ʮ˰ʯϿգһ޴Ľͼͬע⡣
ӽͼ⽣ͼ£նɱһ澳ܡ
Ȼ̷ǷҶϣȴһ˿ǣ̤žȵزһߵ˽⣬˴ʯХҶ磬ǰݻᡣ


1906 
ˣ
Ҷ绰䣬ʮ˰ʯһɹǿĽʯʱ׼Ҷ緢
ߣ
ۿʮ˰ӵԵʯϮҶһӻóǰڻɱˣõٿʯʮ˰ʯ
һԱʯ̺޷̺ǿʯвʮ˿űʯͬʱըƻء
ѽռ䣬˺ƽڽƵͬʱ˰˰ʯʣµʮʯ˵Ѻۡ
󵨣
ٿűʯըɢȥʱĽַɳ˫֣°ҶŰΧˡ
վҶȴû¶һ˿ţ˫֣Ȼûн
֮𣿡
ҶûпһȻŭĽܣĿͶ˹ڰĽ˵
ͣ£һμֶͣ񣬳â𣺡ûв´콣ʣͻȻʧйذɡ
Ѿ˳ңҶ˵ͷ̹Ȼسϵ
ʲô
ҶĻڽȻ󲨡
콣ʣǿǽڽĴڣǽұۣǵ澳ܣǲҶ˺εȵķշ󽣻ʡ
Ҷ磬ҵСֶˣ˵ûһ˿޷ʵ뷨
²Ϊλ˳ңҶЦЦ˵
²ıֶΣ
ʵӦÿԲ³콣ʣǵȹ°ˣǲηģֻһܻǣǾǵĸûԼĸûԼѪǻǵãԼ壡Ҷ米˫֣٩٩̸
壡ԭ㲻ҽˣ˵һ֣ȻҶĻһ㣬̴糾ļ䡣
ΪˣȴԸĹôҶָ
ҶϵָʱһϸСĳԼٶڽд
ųǬ
ǬٴҶվڽ⣬עҶľ
ոҶٿűըĻᣬѳǬѵĵţ뵽˽У׼֪ĴرУȡҪ潣
ʣǾرжԶҶָӳӰľ⣬ʵ
ˣǰƣǲرˣܴ󣬶ر⻹һǵػͶ·ͶҶʵ
Ȼ⽣вֹʣ콣ǵ棡ҶסرλãǬС
ܿ죬ǬһǿĽס
ʥȼգ
Ҷȡ˴ʥͶ뵽ǬУǬĴ£ǿдԽһؽƣڽзС
ܿ죬Ǭ˵ڶؽơ
Ҷʼʩϧ۵ȼʥǬǿдԽܿһϵʯ档
ʲôˣ
ҶǬͣʯʱʯµĻͻȻ˽յ˫Ǭ
δҶԼĴ۷澳ͬʱ֣ŰΧм䡣
о飬بŵ˵ϢĿһ£۾ǵɵùԲ
һ̣ͬʱ֣
Ȼʵǿ󣬴ﵽǵ澳磬ˣ޻֮ͱˣ˫һڣ˹ȥ
ɿճ棬ˣ
شʱҶ罫ɿճٻ˳ѸٵɲرĽơ
ͬʱȻڴǳ⽣ʮ㣬ϣһ׶֡
˵𣿡
ԽԽջͳ˵
ûУ˫֣η˵üҿһ̤ƽ㽣

Ҷ绰䣬һƬȻ
̤ƽǽΪ֮δ˸˵Ļ
ҴҶɢϢֻһǵ澳硣
һǵ澳磬̤ƽʲộô
ҽСģ
Ŀ࣬ɢǿҽ⣬ǵ漫µĽʹƲסеŭٻʥ꣬֯Ͻ֮նҶ硣
ͣ
ʥն䣬һҶ类ն롣
һĻڳ˵ӡ
꣬ˣ
һﲻЦİɣ̤ƽôʹʥ궼ֵס
֪һôҾͳˣװ׽õṰˣ
ԣ
һͱǶЦҶ粻ʱ˶ɡ
ʱɿճǿнرĽҧһ󶴣Ҷ籬֮ƿ˲رصĴţ˽ȥ


1907 ѹ
λǰٰƽ
뵽رУҶĴ۷澳ٻ˳ȫرеĽƣƿӡĽƣղµıսǬС
ɵСӣٸҳ
ҶɿӶرеıʱһŭŲرĿռ
ԭʼ̥ǰ磬ѪʨҶסţҪýǽҶ罫ԭʼ̥ٻ˳Ƕס⵽˹ĵţӶһޱء
䣡
ڽ͵Ĺ£رԽԽ죬ħǴ˾޴ѹ
ʱҶѾرнһղսǬУڲرзһӡǿƣһĺӡ
ҶǿʵƿӱĽʱֺнһŶ쵰Сͨڣ̺ޱǿ潣֮ľʯ
潣ҵ潣
Ա£Ҷȫ϶Ŷ쵰СľʯѰҵ潣
䣡
Ҷ罫潣սǬʱ޴ĵһ⵽ĹµĽ͸صĵţħ˵ֱУֱ۷飬һѪ˳ȥ
ħˣѺ۵ĵŻˣЯ콣ƵĽһ˽ҪɱҶˡ
ر˲䣬ֳּƷ齣飬Լֳبͬʱ֣
ɱ޵еĵâӰһֱӽرӲĿռ˺ѿѺۣµĹýΪ֮ɫò˳˲ر
Ʒ
оâӰĿֲɫ΢΢һ䣬¶֮ɫ
󣬸ҿ
һٻ˲񽣷Ѱ澳񽣣ԼͷγޱȵĽͼ
һ̣ϧ۵ĹرţµĽֱӽޱȼӲĵźˡ
ʱҶ˰£ر֮սǬУаƷ
ɱ
飬󻯳ޱߵĽֹĺҶˡ
ߣ
µĽϮبһֳ˽У춯صϵؽŽһֵ֮Ĺ
ʵɲبӲʱ飬۷а棬ͬʱ֣˽
˶۷澳ܣȫĹεȵĿ¡
Ѱ֮ҲֵסֱƵ
Ĵ۷澳ܣ
о˵ʵɫ䣬¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
Ҷ絽ʲôˣ
Ժͷ²Ҷ
Ͼ۷澳ܼٳҪ˵ͬʱһһǵ澳ˡ
λѹ񣡡
֧Ĳر⣬ɫۣ߳ǹͦΣΧų콣⣬һ޵һĽ񣬴
ãˣ
Ȼһ̤벽񾳽磬˵ʵͬ£ԶԿ벽񾳽Ľ
Ϲ󣡡
뽣ɱʱҶϹ컯һµĹмҵĶԹ
Ҷˣʹս
߾飬飬ǺôĹұҽŲҽ󽣹Ϊƽأó
ŰҶԿԼ߾ˣȻŭŭ
㻹ǺúԼĴܲƽȹհɣҶЦһʾ˵
ûٻ콣ʺʣ콣ʲĳ⳼ԼڹؼʱԼһ
Ѫȼգ
ҶȼǿĺѪʵ£ֳַɽǵ澳Ľʹҵɱ
ʹȻԶҶ磬Ҷǿȫֲ˾ϵĲࡣ
ټ֮۵Ŀ£ʹֵסҶ͵Ĺȫѹסƣڽڵİˡ
ڻǵ澳߾£ʹԼڽֵָס
ܿ죬һʵ׵Ľܱ߾ѹвڼҵɱɥ
޼
ҶΡߴĻľľںһ𣬽Ĵ漶ͼںһʱγ޼ݿ˽ʹĹصغϣ˳ȥ
̣ѹ
شʹҶٻ˳̲ϵر󣬺ݺݵѹڽʹϣµ֮ᴩ壬ƻһͿɥʧս֮
գ
ѹʹҶһʶģԼ߾ѹĽȫսǬѹ
ܿ죬߾˽ս˽֯ɽӰ˴սĽ⣬ȫѹѺǬС


1908 Ǽٵ
ȥԹɣ
ŶսĽҶȴĪĲһ˿
Ȼ˶۷澳ܣ۷澳벽֮ʵܴ󣬰벽Ӧóˡ
˼սôãȴٳδ֮
УΣµ۷Ӧû
ѵ⽣Ǽٵģ
ҶԺðһ˼ͷ
壡
ʱʩչطͨϹԹֽ⣬Ѱ潣뵽С
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
·޵׶һ㣬ںϰ潣潣ںһʱսһѹ飬۷а͵Ĺ
ն
ֱһӣâݿն£ӵֱӽ㲻۷аնˡ
һ̣۷аצһ˽壬ǿжи
ħ࣡
񱻸˲䣬ʩչɱУŽ壬Ҫش
ں潣巢ʵı仯Ӳ˵Ĺ潣˴󲿷ֹ岢ûܡ
ն
籡޾Ľֱ񷣬ֱ۷а渿֫⣬ն˷ڶֹˣӲǵĹơ
߾˵Ǹǽ𣿡
Ȼں󣬹ﵽ˼ĳ̶ȣ֪ΪΣҶԽоԣѸɫص߾档
ǽ񣡡
߾˵ͷӹɵ˵
ǽΪĹʽεĵһأҶüͷ˵
⡭
Ҷһ˵߾Ҳоԡ
ΪʼգûʩչĳõĽѰ潣
ʣ콣ʣ֪з𣿡
ǰĴ۷澳ܼսδ·˲ǽ̫ˣҶͨǬͨ󽣻ʡ
ûʣ콣ͬʱӦ
ϣҵĲ²ǶģҶԽĸо˲

֯潣ֵס˵ĹںѰ潣ֲĽ˷Ĺ
ħ࣡
ϮĽ齫齣Ĺ£ǿĵ⣬ûħףط๥ӭ˽
䣡
鼤齣ʩչħֲӲֵס˽Ĺ
ʱبŵͬʱ֣˽һƵ˽ĹǧѰ潣˳ȥײɽϣɽײ˵ѺۣЩɽײϡ
ԣӦòĽ񣡡Ҷɫһ䣬ص˵
ĽҶӣȷ߾˵ĿˢˢͶҶ磬Ҷ˵ģǵĴΣˡ
ǣΣǻӦԣҶʵ
Σǻ֮˵
뽣Գ󽣹Σգһᶯ֮ɱУֱǶûм֮˵⽣ǼٵģҶ˵ͷ
⡭
Ҷķ߾ɫҲо̬ԡ
ҶһϵƣѾû·ˡ
飡
ڽ޴ɽڣɱʱبżնһӰһն˽Ĺݺݵնؿϣһصۡ
ûѪʳҲ²ĹȻû⽣ֻǷ
Ž壬ȴûһѪʳ֤ʵҶĲ²⣬ǰĽֻǷ
λǰ⽣ǼٵģǰٺѹҶٻ̣˷棬˵
ٵģ
˵üͷšһ
޷ţ֮ѾǧشĽǼٵġ
ݱ¶ͻȻ˹ҪѸ뿪
ܣ
֣ȫѹҶҲſռ䣬·ߡ
ں潣̫ϬȫͼΪ£˵Ĺϱ˺ѡ
ն
ǿ˺˵Ĺ֯Ѱ潣һƥе޵нâȫնӡƵĿռ䣬µĽâӲƿռ˺һ޴ȱڡ
ƿռ䱻նѣ͵Ĺٶ۷壬ǿдռѺۣҪ
ӳռѺ۵˲䣬һɳݺݵغϣͬʱ˻
һ̣ĿռгһϵӰ
Ҷ翴Ӱʱüͷһ¶֮ɫ


1909 ڣ
ǰ㣡
ͻȻ֣һȭɻĻߣҶϳǵԼڰ׽ߡ
ҶСѣȽѹɣ
߳Ҷ¶һ˿ƵЦݣ˺۵Ľ񷢶͵Ĺ
ǰ벽񣡡
о߹ʱΧصĿռҶ¶֮ɫ𾪻߲۷澳ܣǰ벽
Ʊʮأֵס벽񾳽ĻߵĹ͵Ĺȫѹơ
һѰѰ潣Ǳ߿飬޷˺߷ֺ
ʴջ֣ѹ
һٻһ㼫Ʒʴջ֣ʴջͷųֲݺݵغڽϣǿѹ֮
ʯӡ
ţٻһ̺ʯͷ˿ռڶ˽ʯС
ǰôˣ
ҶԼµ˻ߵݣ˹˵
Ϊȡһ¶ŵЦݣüĿ˵
ǳգ
Ż߲ϵףب䣬뵽ݣ˵
Ϸ򣡡ߵ˵ͷبţ飬죬ּˣû뵽ǾȻСһ𡣡
С
Ҷĳƺبţ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ǰʶҸףҶסĵļʵ
磬⣬Ҷ޼пܴӳл֪Ҷ޼Ϣ
Ϸ޼ˣ˵ͷ
ǰҸڻĸ׵ΣǻСȷ˳ݣҶһԵĽ˳
޼СУСѾȫƣ֮ˡ˵ͷ˸Ѿͷ⣬ӦϾܸ
̫ˣ֪һϢҶӵļǰȡʲôǲΪĸ׶ã
ǣҪˣҪںԴΪȡ֮Դ˵ͷ
֮Դн֮ԴҶԴĿ£֮Դģȣ֮Դʲô
ţûв´ĽںϽ֮Դ񾳽磡˵ͷûкܴİգӽж߽֮ԴСҶý֮Դļʽ
İǰ۸ĴۣҶҪӽж߽֮ԴҶ˫ȭᶨ˵
߰ɣȥڣûв´Ӧڽڣ֮У
ã
˵꣬Ҷһ˸ų棬˺ؽƣ˽ڣ֮
ˣ
Ҷ˺ƽڣ֮Ľʱһ̶Ľ
һʮɳĽâһ㣬Ƴ˽ڣ޵еĽնҶһˡ
ڣзӶĽâ󣬵ҶʵֲӶһֱۣͽһնĽâˡ
һ̣ڣ֮ʮʯͻȻ˽յ˫ŽڣγһĽ󣬷˽ڣڡ
ߣҲ赲Ϸ򣡡
һһ̤سɴڽУΧγǿĳڻնһâ᲻ɴݵʯճ˻ҽ
գ֮䣬ʮʯ񻯳˷ɻңûжԳ湹˺
֮Ȼǿ󣡡
ųʩչ򣬲Ѵ֮ʮʯһĻ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ǾҲֻа벽֮ң֪Խ벽Ѷ̫̫ʷĳУ̫۷澳޷ԽһСδ
߰ɣǽȥҽ񣡡
ǿлʮʯҶһڣзȥѰڽڣеĽԼܡ
ǿ֮
ɵڣУҶظоڣгǿ֮֮ǿһָо¹غŽ˥ƻɼӰ졣
ɿµ֮սпܱȼ
벽֮ʵأʮ벽¶սʤ
ԭʼ̥ٴϹ죬ӡڣе
овҶٻԭʼ̥Ϲ죬뵽˽ڣУԼٶȿ˽ڣӴǿɲӡ
ţ˭
ԭʼ̥ƿǧ׵ز㣬뵽ʱзһԡߡ
ˣ
оԭʼ̥ĿͻȻ˽յ˫⡣
һ̣ӿХĳӣԴԭʼ̥Ҫ֮С


1910 
λԭʼ̥ҽµзһˣȺѹɣ
ͨԭʼ̥оߵĴڣҶס˳ˡ
ã
üͷһ壬ͷǿ͸ǧ׵ز㣬֮ԭʼ̥ߡ
ҿ
һ̤µֱӽ׵Ľڣز˺ѿһ޴ѺۣҶԾ˵زС
ţٴγ֣ϵ˺ŵز㣬֮ܿϡ
ʱԭʼ̥Ѿµ֮ȫ𣬼ӲҲ˵ϸ΢Ѻۡ
棬Ȼ㣡
ŵǿߣһϳ۷澳֮һ棬ʵҪ֮ϡ
棡ʲô
һͻȻֵķ棬¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ȼ񣡡˵˳ˡ
棬֪ʲôѾͶ壬ѵҪ˷岻ɣջ˵
Ѿǻˣҡҡͷ˵˵ʲôҪˡ
죬㱳壡
Ļӵջ𣬿µ֮ը죬ռ䶼졣
벽ǰ벽񣡡
оŭĿֲϢɫ΢䣬¶֮ɫ
ϻ˵飬ɣ
˼ۺ죬ŵɱܵĹ֣飬بűһֳ齣
飬بţɱϮˣϳǣû뵽ǻû⡣
˵ţ˫ֿٵŤǿ֮뵽˫֮䣬ٵһöķӡˡ
䣡
Ʒնӡϣ춯صĻ֮µɽӿֱӽ飬ب˻ȥ³Ѫ
һبŶˣǿ֮γһɺĹ֣նǶˣҪǵ
ʱͻȻ̤һبŶǰſµֺһȭ
һȭſֲ֮ӿ뵽ȭͷУһȭ֣ƵĹ
ţ벽񣡡оΧ¶֮ɫ΢΢ЩϤ׵㵽˭
Ϸգ֪Ϸ𣿡԰˵
Ϲʱɢ֮һ󣬹ɱ޵Уϵ澳ܳʮˣһ澳ŷɥĿֲڡ
գȻ㣡Ȼûм棬ȴţû뵽⽣Ҳˡ
죬Ĵ̫ˣǽ³ɣԵ˵
Ҫ򣬾ƾǼ»ʸ񣡡£ںһ𣬽ǿԼ޵еĴڡ
𣿵ϷŤĹͷҪʸ񣡡ͫһٻ˼Ʒʴջ֣˺ѿӿ棬ڽмɱ
ԭʼ̥ȫ֮
漤ɱʱҶ罫Ϲٻ˻ԭʼ̥ȫеѨϣ֮
Ϲ죬ƿռ䣡
Ϊ˷ֹѣҶϹ˷ԲʮڵĿռ䣬ǿиԶӿ֮
ûõģƾϹ죬Ʋס֮
ǿѹס͵Ĺ治м˵
Ϲ첻Ǿʮ棡
˵ţҶٻϹ죬ٵҡҷγܼƣӴ˿ռơ
Ϲ죬ѹνرõġ
ʮϹ죬ռƵﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣʱڸס˿ӿ֮ӡ档
ţû뵽㻹ȵ̣¶֮ɫҶôϹ졣
ľѹ
ԾʱҶֽԼı֮ľٻ˳ƻľϵر󣬱һΡߴɫľռ䣬ѹ˷ӿϡ
ľ㵽ʲôˣ
ҶٻĻľ״¶һ˿
ľһľ̺Ų˲Св
ǿľѹѾ޷ǿе֮
ʧȥ֮ڶצ
֮ʣƳײγɵ֮
Ȼֻǰ벽۵򲢲ײɵƻͬĿ£ϵؽŵ¿ռ䡣
һ֣ȫɱ
漤ɱʱĴ۷澳ͬʱˣϵؼ֮һſŻǣ棬Ҫ֮ɱС


1911 ľ
䣡
˽֣ɵƻأϽ¿ռ˺ѿѺۡ
ǵ¿ռ䱻ĴϹӡȼĹͽ¿ռˡ
ʱƣ˺ѹס棬Ҷϣȴһ˿ϲɫ¶ŨŨĵ֮ɫ
ǽоڣΧͻȻ֡
һ벽񾳽Ľ˵˲ŤתƣǴΣա
ǰبǰ죬а壬мſɶʱʵüĵҩԸԸ£
Ȼ汻ѹסƣ֮ܵ˺һʱ޷նɱ
ãǣ
Ҳսĺ۷˻ԥҶȡĿźɫҩ̵˶У赤ҩ֮ǿмȫǱɱ档
ȫǱ˵ս޽ӽ벽ˣǲϧʩչĹϵ档
ħ࣬ս
Ʋϵؼأ漤ǿѪ֮仯ǿħ֮֮򻯳ٰ̬սɱ˳ˡ
ʴջ֣ƣ
ֲսʴջںһ𣬻һȼźɫգײȥǿзһս
һ֮սʱͬʱ֮ʩչɱУ壬Ӳ˵ѺۣѪܿƵ
аѪ޸
⵽شһѪٵ޸˲Ƶ壬ơ
аѪоȻа嶥Ѫ
о͸аѪ֮Ҷüͷšһ
ӵаѪ͵ӵв֮Ҫɱ졣
ҶɫأҲе˼֡
ǲûӻƣ֮ȫ棬ѹĹơ
λɱҲûϵֻҪλشսľܽɣ
ֲ̫ľҪ뽫սǵ澳硣
ˣ
Ҷ紫۾һʩչϵ塣
ܿ죬һα˺ƣòаѪ޸Ƶ塣
аѪȻ˲޸ÿһ޸ʵ
أֵס͵Ĺ⣬ҪͻΧ
ߣɱ˵
оҶȻʵǿλȴͣ׼Ювˡ
磬Сģ
˺ϧ۷Ҷʱһȫ
ۣ֮֮
ϮҶû㣬ȼպ֮Ѫ֮֮ǿ⣬档
ͻǿ֮۹ٶܵ˲СӰ죬ץסᣬҶٻ˫ᣬԼٶ㵽һߣԶ档
䣡
׷ĳˣץ֮۹˲Ϣ͵ĹһνˣȼаѪ޸Ƶ塣
ƣ
̵֮۵Ŀֲ˴Ҳ׷ɱҶ磬ȫƿռ䣬Ҫ˺뿪
ռ䣬ʮϹƣ⵽˻ľѹһʱ޷˺ƿռ뿪
棬ҪνˣӲģ
һγɳ򣬹棬ǿн˳С
֮ǿ˺Ƴʱ˼֮Ϯ˺˲Ѻ۵֮򣬺ϡ
ʱһһȥ
˼ɱһʱҶ緢ֽȴٳûҶ簵һ
һʱɱ汻ߴκ壬аѪ̫죬˲ˡ
һδȼаѪʵۿۣѾ޷ʩչ֮ˣʵҲ䵽澳硣
ڣڳ治ϧۣںʴջ֣һʱһαˡ
ûᣡ
ץס屬ĻᣬҶѹĻľɫ룬ƽƵУĲƵѪ
ȻҶ绹ӵһɻԣļֵҶ׼ǿ
Ѫƣ
أ޷ʩչ棬ϵصѪҪԼеɫ롣
̫ˣѪ֮޷ɫ롣
ʱͬʱ֣ѹս
ס֣
ս£ѪľԴԴɣ淢˾
һڸʲôٳ־ң
һˣҲ
ʯռ䣬صĽȴٳδ֡
أѪԽԽϡҲԽԽձľˡ
˰벽棬ľӳĿɫ⣬˾ϲĿע£ʮޱĻ


1912 ޵н
ɹˣ棡
ŻľʮŻҶ糤һ¶˵Цݡ
˺ľɱ˰벽񾳽棬ǿĵҩǱˣȴо͸֧ļ
ָܻ糣Ӱѹļƻ
£ȴٳδ֣˻ɣǷȫ񾳣޷ǰ
ýͻ񾳽磬Ǻ̫ˡ
λĿŻǣºӦÿԻָ͸֧壡ҶûģӻľժĿޱĻ͸ˣ͸˳һš
⣬⡭֮
˻ķ֣ޱ֮
ʱúò͸˵ǿԽѵһɰ̤벽񾳽硣
ǰ潻ңȥǬ׼뽣һս
˵ţҶ罫ˣ͵Ǭؿռ䣬ʮʱУ͸֮ȫ׼һս
ʮ죬
ɱ棬Ҷʮ໥ڣγ˲ǿƣǿнŽֽƣԭʼ̥£ǽһ֮߾硣
Ҷԭʼ̥Ѿﵽǵ澳磬Ҫͻǵ澳磬ҪɼӴһʱ޷ͻơ
ݣ
Ҷûеʱ䣬Ʋ˫ٵȶڻҵĵ¿ռлûһٶȲӰɳǧĵصѺۣڽڣУԼٶڣȥѰŽ
ڣǽĽأǿĽƣвٽƵҶʵһʱ޷ƿ
ɿճ棬ˣ
Ҷûж˷ɿճٻ˳ʩչ츳ͨϵһĿռƣ˽ڣ
ţһʯ󣡡
ڣҶ类һ˰ʯɵĴסͨЩʯ͸ĻϢҶûðս󽣻ٻ˳ǰԼ
ʣ콣ʣҸһѡҪôԶĹ˳ңƵǰʯҪô»صΪУҶ翴ű鸴ӵʶ˵ǹ˳ңҿŻл̤۷澳ѡΪУҿԱ֤Ǳɡ
Ҷмɰջܽ񣿡ʺ콣ʿٽһ£ʵ
ذɣҶն˵ڸոգǺնɱ˰벽񾳽档
ˣ
ʶˡ
ʵʶʮԽʵҲ޷ŷĽڽӽ񣬿ƽ
ţӦʶǹɣ
Ҷһɱ棬õļƷǹ˳
ǹǿ
ҶеĳǹʶҶĻҲֻнɱˣпܵõǹ
ãѡ񳼷㣡ʶһϣûпˣѹ
İɣǿҲŤתǬҶ΢΢һЦ˵ǰʯͽˡ
ţ
ʶ˵˵ͷֳָԵ뵽ʯУһ˰ʯɱڽڣ˾޴Ķմزϵعѡ
ô󶯾ȻûҶ϶ӦڱأϾĶԸԼ
ʣ콣ʹټ϶輫ܿҵʯģȫ˺ģһ˰ʯ
أһѰѳǿʯˡ
գſռʯʶ˺Ƶˡ
ƵʯҶûеʱ䣬ʶڣȥѰŽ䡣
ûãҶٴαǿĽס
ž룬ڣнϵʣ콣ʺһʱᶼ޷Ƶ
ѣҶ罫߾棬ٻ˳һͬӿŷ齣ٶȡ
ԼҶ˺ƵֲĽԶԶǰһһҽߣҽߵ룬һ֪ж೤һ񽣡
ȻǧףҶԶԶʱǸоһ¡
ǰѱҽյҶɴ˫ۣԶľ޴񽣣²пܾǽ֮Ǳ˵е񽣡

ҶһһϢ˾޴񽣡
ͻȻ·һϥƯڰУһͷѩףһͷںڣں潣Լ֮·ռΪһӡ
񣡡
µĺڰ׷ӣʵ˵Ʋɵ֣ĸĪ
Ϊǰصӣǽ֮ڽӵ޵д˵Ľ


1913 һ˲
򣬽Ȼڳ񾳽磡
ݵڽΧоƵ򣬶һҲ֤ʵҶ˵Ĳ²⡣
汻𣬽ȴٳδΪȫ񾳽磬һܽһ̤񾳽ˡ
λٳ
ԸоΧ򼸺ƣͻƵıԵҶ棬ٻ˳
ʮʱ˻͸֧ȫָΪʱޣǸûʱ͸
Ҫͻˣ
濴ڰеĽʱͫΣյ״
оڵĽԼǿǼͻ񾳽һ֮ң
ٳ֣ȫǧͻƵ񾳣ǽΣգ
һֱҶ޼Ŀ£ȻռţĴ۷澳ܣֻҪýͻƵ񾳣ɺɨǣǻɱ
ã
Ҳе̬ԣ׷ٻԵȫ˽ҪͻƵĽࡣ
ˣ
˼ĹϮųﲻ֪ɣҽе񽣾ҵĲһƥеĽâݹ䣬նռ䣬˳˵Ĺ޷
ѽ
̵񽣵ϵɫŨҪش񣬴Ͻͻƽϣ΢΢
а취Ӱ쵽񣡡
潫ӡŽĽʯ˳ʴջ飬بŵһͬ˽
ʱն˵ڶ޵֮ն˳˺Ĺ
ۿһնһóϣͻȻֳֽʯӭ޵нâ
꣡
ʯܲס޵нâĹֱˣ÷ӡڽʯеĽ¶ֱ⵽
Ȼ̣ȴȻֵס񽣵Ĺ屻նѿ׷Զ
ץסֵ˲Ϣ㵽һߣܿ޵нâ
ٳ֣˽
뽣ϢϢͨ٣һܵӰ죬񣬽ͻؼʱ̣ƫһ
ã
Ҷͬʱ֣Ÿ֧֮Ľϡ
ոճ޵񽣹㱻ն飬Ҷ˹ѵֱӱˡ
ۣ
˲䣬һȫ񾳽ĽܵӰ죬һѪҲһ̱òҰס
̼Ȼܵ˲СӰ죬ǿĵ̣Ӳѹסڼʧص
һ̣Ưڽǰ潣ˣһţ³һ⣬潣뵽壬潣ǿѹʧص
Ȼޱȵգ˵ֶΣһѹסʧصɹѹء
Ҽ֣һͻ񾳣
û뵽˵Ŀ£ȻתǬʴջ˼
񽣱ʹ޷˺ֺ޷ֹͻƵĽࡣ
ǰϿеֵ񽣹ıУҲа취ǰ񽣶ʱ޷
޷ЧҶһ˳档
磬׼ôѩ׵üëһ£ʵ
ǰҵѪˣҲҵѪӰ쵽񽣵ĿƣҶ紫
еΣգ֪ҶݣЩա
ǰĿǰõĻᣬһýͻƣǾΣˣҶ罹Ĵߴٵ
ðɣǾͶһΣ˼һ£óһŰɫĻ͸Ҷ磬˵㸸޼ƵĻԵֵǿ
ס֮⻤ͻ飬Իǰ۳ɰҪ
İǰһСĵأҶ˵ͷȥˣ׼ù
˵꣬Ҷ罫ɫѪ˲ϣٻ˫ᣬԼٶȷ˹ȥ
ˣ
оҶĿҽеն޵нâҪҶն顣
޵нâնҶ˲䣬ɫӿһ֣Ӳֵס޵нâĹ
ץסᣬ˫һȣҶ翿ʮɳ񽣣ϧ۵ڱѪڽС
Ȼѱ֮ѪһѪټҶĺ֮ѪƷʼߣڽУԽѪΣգǿаŽ񽣵Ŀơ
ˣ
Ҷ粻뱾Ѫʱն˵ڶնҶ硣
ȻҶҶ޼ƵĻǱ񽣿µˣѪ
Ҷû˷ЩѪȫУиš
磬ٻ
Ҷ޼ƵĻ飬һҶ
Ҷ粢ûѸ뿪ץס۵ʱ뱾Ѫ
ն˵ն˻һμҶơ
ʱҶ罫ĴѪҺȫڽУƲ˫ٵȶԼٶ˷ȥ
ۿҶ糷ߣȫ񾳵ĽͻȻһָһƥнâҶǰס
âʱն޵нâŻصնҶ硣
һ˲䡣


1914 ŭ
磡
ҶΣգȫĺëֱҪԮȴѾ
ҶҶ޼ΨһĶӣϣˣǺ̫ˣҶ޼ŭ֮£򣬸пƻļƻԼ޷Ҷ޼
ľ
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫֮ľٻ˳ƻľϵر󣬵ͷӲâĹ
ˣ
âն䣬ľɫ˴룬ľ̫ӲҲ޷ն
ۣ
ľȻֵס񽣣Ҷ绹ǱǿˣѪǱˡ
ͨ
Σʱ̣Ҷʩչͨ˲޸ƣٵȶ˫ᣬھз˻
磬û°ɣ
ŻΪĵҶ磬˳һ
λҪңȫõĻᣡ
ҶͨѪӦ֮ܵѪӰ죬Խһ˿ų⣬Ĵߴٵ
ã
оҶƲ޴󰭣˳׷ǿʩչµɱУһͬ˽
Ȼ˵Ĺٴ⵽񽣵񽣵Ĺܵ˲СӰ죬Ĵϲȫ˽
Լʱ񽣵ĵԽԽձ˺飬˽Χϡ
ǣ
⵽˲ϧ۵ĹΧҵĲһϸ΢Ѻ۲ϵӣԽ˲СӰ졣
ڲɱˣϣǲҪң
ۿƣɱڳ˶в
ڽв˲ΪƸԵ
䣡
ܲסըˡ
ۣ
˲䣬Ѫڽܵ˼Ӱ죬ɫӵĲҰס
Ƕ
˲²һ㣬ͻһ֮ңٸʱ䣬˵л̤񾳣Ϊǿߡ
һж˻ˣͻʧܵ⵽˷ɣȫˣء
εʧܣպҪ̤񾳽Ѷȵ죬صһУץŭҪɱйޡ
죬
ʩչطͨǿѹסˣͨϷ񽣣Ҫ죬ɱˡ
ˣ
ӵҵضһϵ飬̵ҽҲһ궯ͷų
Ҷ˴ıѪ֮Ѫĵȼ̫ߣԶԶ˽ѪԽʵһʱҲ޷еĺ֮Ѫ
Ҫһ֣
սḻһۿڵã飬۷аһ𣬹˽
ʣ콣ʣ߾ˣԥһ£Ҳͬһʱ֣˽Ҫýͻʧܣ˵Ļᣬһٽնɱ
ձ
ȻأʵȻСұһӣ˲佻֯ǧޱȵĽâն˳ˡ
ƣ
һȣſµĳΧĿռȼܻ棬ȵ¶ȲϵڻƽĽâ
飬بŵˣóֵ˲䣬ֳּƷع˽
֮򣡡
Ϯ񲻹ƣٴ۳ɱ޵еĽ֮򣬻˵Ĺ
򣬸ײ
淢֣轣֮׻˵ĹƳײ˽֮
䣡
ǿײһͬʱըˡ
飬ͽͬʱˣ˵Ľ񣬳ᡣ
ħ࣡
֮飬˷ıɱһϮŽ񣬼ơ
ۿ˺̵ҽӳ޵нâնˣ˲ǵĹȫ㡣
򣬼Һ䣡
Ȼ飬Ƽ󣬵ƸأΪ˽һƣսٴγǿ򣬲ϧײ˽
죬ƣ
ײǿйͨ죬콣ɳ˹̵ҽݺݵն˳ϣһնˡ
飬ʱս鼫ḻͬʱ֣˽񣬽˳ȥڰ˴Ѫ׹˹̵ҽС
֮ڣ
һƳҽصĽ񷢳޷Ƶŭǿ֮뵽塣
ãֹ
Ű֮ɰٴڽ壬һȫ˽Ҫں֮ʵ
Ƕ
ŭһ첻ϵرСյС
һն֮ڽУʱס콣һն˷Բռ䣬ն˳ˡ
ۣ
һ
˺Ĺˣµ齣âֱӽȫĳն˳ȥ⵽ش


1915 ֮
죬ɵأն
һشˣǿֳ֮
ǣ
ռܲס鲣һ㲻ϵ飬ԲĿռһƬµյش
ìƣ
Σʱ̣ٻһǿǿĳìĶì˳ȥ
һµսڶì籡ݻһУֱ˺Ĺɫ΢Ľ
û뵽滹ȵƣֳ쵲ǰֵìĹ
䣡
ǿײһֱӴ˿ռ䣬ɾΣڣ뵽С
ìƣ
ٻһ󣬿Ķì˳ȥ˽
ҹὣ֮Դ͸Ҷö⣬оҶ޼ì
ۣ
ìĹֲ̫ǿ֮Ӳڶìʱµ壬ѪܿƵȾſռ䡣
ϣ
趴ìѹס񹥻ʱ棬۷а˷׷Ծ˰УɽϮĻ֮ޱıǿĹ͵عŽ
۷澳ܣ߾˵ĹͬС
ǲϧĹ£һظ߹һصĹˡ
ֻһ֮ңҲɱ壬ǿʵӲס˵ĿըҲڲϵؼء
֮뷢
ֳ죬ն鶴ì۳Ľ֮򣬿ƽ֮ݻ񽣣նһеޣնˡ
ۣ
ŭ£˺Ĺ飬ǿֱӽ߾˳ȥصˤǧԶɥʧս֮

Ҷ翴߾֧ŲסǴ͵ǬУ̷ֳ˳ȥ
磬Ҫ
濴ҶͻȻһ
ҶȻ츳ʵ̫̫࣬۷ĴڣҪɱֻҪһָԡ
İɳǰа취Ը
Ҷη˵һߴ̣һ߿֮۹

񿴵һǵ澳Ҷ絨ҿһָһޱȵĽâֱ˺˿ռ䣬һ㶴Ҷ磬Ҫɱ
ۿҶ类Ľָ壬óĻѸٵ飬ٻ

һڻҵĽڣ֮ϴ롣
һ̣ۣˣŽָâһȭһȭָâҶ硣
ǰѹ񣡡
ʶսҶ糤һ˵
ˣ
˵ͷһ˲Խǧף¶صĽǰһȭ
ȻֻƵ⻯ȴһʵܣӵһս⻯ʵȻ˽
䣡
⻯һȭһ£ȫָǱһȭ˵Ѻۡ
һȭ˽⻯ϵغһյȭâŽ
䣡
۷֣ܽɵƻֲ̫رѣ޹⣬ռ䶼ˡ
ì䴩
ڽ⻯ѹסʱץסᣬ˵öìһ貵ǣ˽
ڽֳҪն鶴ìʱ⻯޵еһȭһȭ콣ҵĲ޷ڵһʱֵì
ۣ
屻ìУµ壬ֱӽؿڶһ󶴣˴룬콣Ǳɳȥ
һ̣˹̵ҽУں֮޸ԼƵ塣
Ϲ죬ƣ
оµ֮ӿҶĴϹ
ѺΪһ壬ʮϹ첻ϵؽƣȻ赲˽֮ںϡ
ǰǰ񽻸ˣѹ콣
ܷѹصĽѹ콣Ҫû콣͵ʧȥֵ̣סͳĹ
ãһСģ
û뵽ҶԶԼǿ󣬾⻯˵ͷһƽ˹̵ҽУȫѹ
λһѹ콣
Ҷ̧ͷһ죬飬۷аһ콣֮ѹ
ľ
˿ƼƷѹ콣ʱҶٻ˱콣˵Ļľѹ콣ϣѹ˽ڣ
ţҶҧʮָץסĽϣԴԴϵ֮ѪҪ֮Ѫǿ졣


1916 VS֮
ԴԴںϺ֮Ѫ궯ѣϵصֿ
Ŵĺ֮ѪУ궯ķȲϵؼ˵ѹ
ҶΪԽ֮Ѫʱ콣ͻȻͷų̫ҪĿĹâ
һ̣첻ϵر󣬽深ܵˮһ뵽Уһ޵еĺӡ
飬飡
ͻȻֵĺӣҶ¶֮ɫ
飬ɱǣ
⻯ԼѹסƵĽ񣬷˿ֲХ
ˣ
֮ԵػӦֱһĽкռ䣬ŰһУֱӽȫն˳ȥ
̫ǿˣ
ޱȵĿ£Ҷ˴Σա
磬֮齻ǣ뿪
بѸٵɫ԰ףصҶߣߴٵ
а취Ը
Ҷҡҡͷһ޴ĹŹ״Ǭٻ˳ǰ
񣡡ҶٻĹŹףһϳŹѹ񣺡磬Կ֮顣
ţҿˣӦÿ԰ǶԿ֮飡
Ҷ˵ͷڽ˹Źף֮顣
䣡
֮һƣ֯һƥнâնڹŹʱŹˣ¶ȫƣû۰ףȫںڹе
벽񡭡ôܣôܴﵽ벽֮
оϢɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ʵ֮ϣҶѹӡ󣬾ȻһͻƵ벽񾳣һĻ޷š
񣬸ѹ֮飡
Ҷ벽񾳽񹥻ˡ
֮ˣͻƵ磬Ҫԭںħ顣
ħΪ֮꣬Ĺʮ˽⣬ںħ飬ںħļ䣬ħ⣬˾뵽˰벽񾳽硣
໣
񷢳һĺبٻ֯η֮֮鼤սһ
۷֣֮ܽɵƻӳռ䣬֮ռȫ顣
ʱ֮鱾ٻ칥ں˴ĺ֮Ѫ콣һ˿ʧأ뽣֮鶼ƿ
λѹ죡
궯ѵ죬Ҷʮɸߵԣǿľѹ
֮Ѫںϣ
ǿѹѹ죬Ҷ֮Ѫǿж
ɶʲôѪ
⻯漤ɱĽ񣬷Լ֮ϵԽԽ΢ʱľ
ʱ⻯һȭһȭؿϣؿڣعǣ˳ȥ
ʴջ֣ƣ
صײڹ̵ҽʱʴջַ˹ȥǿд͸˽֮˫ȣӲײնˡ
֮Դ
⵽شʼƴˣϧ۵ȼǿǿеӡڽڣ֮µĽ֮Դ뵽塣
ȻԽںϽ֮Դķռ󣬵֪Լûѡ񣬸û·ֻܱУȫһ
ã
оĽ֮Դ뽣壬˲䷢ɱ䣬һҵĽбҽռƵǧٿס
ۣ
ڽںϽ֮Դʱصܲס֮Դ顣
֮£񲻵òֹͣںϽ֮Դⱻ֮Դű
ȻںϽ֮Դṳ̂񾳣ȴ֮ԴѹƣĹøӵĿ£֯Ӱ˱ľ棬⻯漤ɱ
磬㻹ðɣ
ȫѹˣʧѪҶޱȵĵʵ
İλǰһܼ֣
Ҷû뵽ѶôѾʧ֮֮ѪȻδ졣
ȻûųԽԽСٸԼһʱ䣬ԼӦþǿˡ
ҶҧأסǿѣθУȫʱսƽɫ֮飬ͻȻû뵽УҪƿ콣
һ̣֮ͷǿǿҶڽ콣ĺ֮ѪҶĻᡣ
ߣƾһ飬ҲҶһλȫӡ죬֮顣
ã
˵˵ͷϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮γؽơ
ҶҲƻľϵɫ룬ס޴Ľ
һ̣Ҷٻԣû뵽У֮顣
ʲô
ͻȻֵԣȫ֮Ѫ֮еصΣУ˾֮


1917 ѹ
֮飬Ҳ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫң
ҶУؾ
Ȼ֮뷴Ըвȷʵ̫ˣһָоп
֮飬ӵǿĺ֮ѪӵһĻľԶԶڽ񡣡Ҷѭѭյ˵ҽϾҪѹҡ
ܣܳ㣡
֮Ǻεȵĸ߰ܳʵԶԶҶ硣
Ǵô񳼷ңҲң񲻿ҸѡĻᣡҶ絭˵Լڼ䣬㲻óֹǣ㡣
ã
Եв̫󣬶ͬ£֮˼һ£δӦ
ȥԸ񣡡
֮ЭҶ벽񾳽ƽ˾ҷҽУͳԿں˽֮ԴĽ
轣֮Դѹס˳˵Ĺƣļ룬˲ı˾ơ
ôܣҽôô벽񣡡
벽ͬϡ٣¶棬⵽͵Ĺ񽥽⡣
죬ٰУ
ֵס˽֯ĳˮ㹥ͨ죬ҪԿˡ
ӵηԵ֮鲻Ϊýĵ뵽˵͹ȣܵͷ
꣡
ڽҪͻΧʱ̵ҽزͻȻһ޴ȱڣ˴֮ͻƵǵ澳ԭʼ̥ͻȻ֣һŹ̵ǣײ˽
ԭʼ̥ȻսԶԶ񣬵һײǽ㲻Ľײһ˿ʧء

ץסᣬ⻯һֻӲӵצҡҷӴ񷢶һ
ۣ
⵽צײ˳ȥ֧飬ѹƲסںϵĽ֮Դ
ʴջ֣
⵽شʱ棬񼤷ŸԼƷǿӲն˫ۡ
𣬱סˣȱָƣһ֮𣡡
⵽ش񲻸ҼȥһݻͻΧ뿪
ƿҷҽʱձɫľɫסԼܿռ䡣
֮飬ڸʲôٹ
ձľ֣вһ˿֮
ϧ֮Իв£Ľֱץ
ݡ
֮ʣ׷ɱ͵Ĺƣһνˣʩչطͨǿ޸
֮򣡡
ƲϵؼأƴˣĴ߶֮Դγɽ֮򣬵ֵ˵Ĺ
򣬸ƣ
һϧ۵ĳײȥҪ֮ײơ
Ľ֮ں˽֮Դײδ֮ײ顣
ţԭʼ̥֣Ž֮򣬵Ȼδ֮ܽ顣
ƵĽ֮ʣµľͽˣ
ս⻯ʣ޼һͻȻ˽֮ǿ˺뵽档
⻯֮۵񽣶ʱԱ⻯γ˻صıըֱ֮ը˽֮񷢶һ
ûᣡ
֮ƣ˼ϵؼŽơ
֮飬ȥˣ㻹ǹԹҰɣ
оԽԽأֵס˵ĹҶ糤һ˵
㲻Ҫ˵̫磬ܽ£֮ػӦ
ô㻹շҶЦЦ˵ðɣʶҵֶΡ
ľѹ
ڽ֧ʱҶƻľѹѹأĽϡ
ľӡ壡
ţҶɫƽ˽֧УǿжзӡֹԱ
ɫƽ壬ƴطʵ̫ˣ޷ֵɫ룬޷˺
أɫ룬Ҳʧȥ˷
ɻԣƣ
ľɹѹ˽Ҷóǰøոշѵǿޱǿԣ͸߿ף꺣УֱӹĴʶ
ʲô
ʶ⵽ʴ񷢳˾ֵƴط
Էѵޱȵǿƹصֵ
أĴʶɻʴˣʶҲԽԽģ
֮飬շ𣿡
оĴʶɻʴ˴룬Ҷ¶˵Цݵ
㡭֮¶η֮ɫηҶֶΣηԣӮˣ񳼷ʱҲгŵ㡣
˵֮꣬鲻ڿִ֮Ѫʴ˵ֿ


1918 С̫һ
ʱһһ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ɻԵʴľԽԽĴʶǿɻȫʴˣҲʧȥɣòҶ硣
ǲǺܲģ
ҶջڽĻľƼأɫȻĽ񣬵˵
ǣ
Ȼ޷ģǺܲģĳʵԼСҶ硣
ڶʱͻأҶ紫׳һ޴ջ
ġ
ҵ۾б⣬ŵؿҶ硣
ţа취ʱͻ񾳣Ȼ㣬ֻ֮꣬ҾͻỹɣҶ˵ͷڣҪҳϣҵľҳϺͷӡ
ãҶʱͻƵ磬Ҿҳʱ䣡
˵Զʱ任ȡ񾳲ԿοûѡȨ
֮飬ѾңԸԸ
շ˽Ҷ罫ĿͶ죬ʵ
ңԸ⣡
֮Эˣں˺֮ѪҶ罨ϵΪ
磬ңȥȡ֮Դ
һ۸ϲҶ磬뵽صҽ֮УóҶ޼ıǿзӡ˴Ľ֮Դ
Сʯ㣬ʯҷӡСֽ֮Դں֮Ӧÿͻƾ磡
ӡ˲ֽ֮Դ潫һŷӡСֽ֮ԴɫʯҶ硣
лǰҶûпޱɫʯ
СûϴĻոٻǿӣӦ̫һƵ԰ɣԥһ£
ǿԣҶ˵ͷ˵
Со仰ұҪ㣡ĴѵС̫һ
С̫һҶһ㶵ǰ˼̫һҲ
СҪס̫һķѪƵıֵͣôһȴˣܲҵ̫һй֮ԵҰĺܴ󣬾ǰ򵥣ֻҵĲ²⣬뻹СĵΪá
лǰѣˣҶ˵ͷԺиֳͷ
Сõ֮ԴҵҲˣҪϻС֮Դ޼ĸףԵټɡ
˵꣬滯һ⣬뿪˽ڣ
м㣬ϣʵʵشң
뿪˼Ҷ罫ĿͶصĽ񣬵ʵ
Ҷ٣ǲʣҽΪα壬Ͷ壡·ϤҶͷʵ
֪ԭ򣡡Ҷ˵ͷ
ʵҵûѡ񣡡̾Ϣһ뵽ػУҽ⵽֣ұ𻯹û뵽𻯹ȴǣɸǰ֮£ֻܱ塣
𻯹ʵΣ
֪ΪΣҶһָоҲ𻯹С
𻯹ʥ֮һӦȻ𻯹ʵԶ壬ʱ𻯹Ҳ˼ɣ̾Ϣһ
һһ⣬Ͷ壬ҷգΪ˵ҪţҶʵ
峤̫Լһ̤񾳣ҽȫΪǰãҽӵ̫ܴҪҽϮ壬ң˵
ңҶüͷšһΪΣ
֪֮Ĺ֣ңӦҽ֮Ĺ͸¶һҪϢ
֮Ĺ֣Ҷüͷһƣ¶֮ɫ֪֮Ĺںδ
˵֮Ĺܳ磬̫첢ûиң
磬硭Ӧñƣ֣ӦΪ˺֮ĹҶ
˽㻹м潣
Ҷ粢һ潣ܷԼ޵н壬׼Ҫš
潣ʮϡ٣Ŀǰʣţ
ţʣµպãܷͻƵ񾳣潣ҪҶ
ã
۾һȡ潣͸Ҷ硣
УΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳ɱ˴Уһܱ¶㳼ҵ飡ҶĶ
İҶ٣֪ô˵ͷ
ˣͽˣ׼һʱ䣬ٽ취㣡Ҷ
򣡡
ɴ˫ۣ񿴹һ㿴һǵ澳Ҷ磬顣


1919 ޵н
ǰبǰ죬۷а棬ٸÿһŻϣ̤벽񾳽磡
ҶûģóĿ̺Ļ͸ˡ
лл
˴ϲ˶˵ޱĻصǬռУʼ˱չء
ʣ콣ʣ߾飬飬Ʒ浤͸ǣֻҪպңұ֤ȫ̤۷澳ҶóѹνرõƷ浤͸ʵˡ
ллҶ٣
Ŀý񶼳Ҷ磬ʵģؽӹƷ浤˵
ˣӦöûڽڣɣһʱ䣬߾硣
ҶٻɴͻƵǵ澳磬ԭʼʵڽڣ
˽շ˽ˣҶƿز㣬֮ϣóһ潣޵н塣
۵Ƭܣ޵н뽣֮һֻͨҪ޵н壬֮ҲҶҿºڣʱͻԭ
漶꣬
Ҷؿڣ潣ؿУ޵нķٵ潣潣壬޵н壬֮
ȻҶõ潣ֿԴԴϽ֮ڽ壬޵нѶȼҶʱ˲С鷳
ҶȫͶ뵽޵нʱΪ󽣹ıʷ˲СĶҥ
ڽ澳ܷ׷׳ʱвŻռǿԴ
ڽʱ˽ˣ֮ƣǿӲѹ˽򣬲Լѻ֮С
һӣڽߣҵĽ򽥽ָƽ
漶꣬ɱ䣡
ʱһȥҶڽڣ˲֪ãһޱǿ潣潣ǿ漶귢ռɱ䣬ﵽ˼Ʒȼ
潣ȻȻĹ̶ȣ
о漶Ҷ¶˵Цݣ޵н壬ȴ˲Сսٳ޷޵н塣
⣬Ϊ۲޵н壬֮أ
޵нʧܵҶ磬뵽س˼У˼Ĺؼ
ѵʵͣﲻ޵н壬γɽ֮ҪԲųٳ޷ɹ˼գҶ뵽ΨһĿܡ
ý֮Դ԰ɣ
Ҷ罫ӡŽ֮Դɫʯ˳׼轣֮Դǵ棬ٳ޵н塣
֮Դ̺Ҷ罫֮Դڽ壬궯Ľ֮Դ˺ƣȫľǱ飬Ѫ͸ë͸˳
ľѹ
Ҷҧأ˵ŷ˵ʹƻľѹӿĽ֮Դʹгǵ棬޵н塣
ܿ죬ʱֹȥһࡣ
һУͻƵ벽񾳽飬بţŻ˻еİ壬۳˲Ƶ֮һͻƵ˰벽񾳽硣
棬۷аȻû۳ͻư벽񾳽磬ͻҲԶˡ
飬Ʒ浤˴֮ҲɹԽ˼ѵһͻƵǵ澳硣
һŻﵽ澳磬ѪʨɿճҲﵽһ澳硣
飬ȺͻƣҶȴٳδͻƣû۳޵н塣
ԡеҶ磬뵽һµ⾳У֮Դ潣º͵ͷʵһδο۶ľƿ
꣡
ڽ֮Դ潣֪ٴߵ£ľƿˣһǿӿ壬ƶʵڽڵﵽ˶ǵ澳硣
ͻƶǵ澳˲䣬Ҷƽ֮Դ潣ȫ뵽Уǿ޵н塣
޵нʱĽâȣиΧһеĿռ䡣
һǿΧγɡ
꣡
֮Դ潣֮мٱʱﵽ˼£Ʒͨʥȼ岻Ϸѡ
գҶˡ
޵н壬
ȫ飬Ҷ粢ţľ˽֮Դ潣ӿ壬
ܵӰ죬嫵֮纣ɰٴӿ뵽Уٶȡ
޵н壬ɣ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãҶȫں˽֮Դ潣֮һ˹ֲ޵н塣
۳޵н˲䣬ﵽǧڽ޵нͨһƷ޵нǿҶͶܷӼƷٲȻһµδɱ
֮
Ҷ޵н˲䣬ޱ£ֻܲ۳Χγɣſ˷ԲһĿռ䡣
ռУӵ޵нҶǾԵףǵҲܱͶնɱ
ڳɹˣ
о޵нͽ֮ǿҶ糤һڽʮıչ뿪˽ڣȻϢ˽УҵڱչĽ


1920 ı
Ҷ٣ͻˣ
ڱչأȫƽ֮Ľ񣬸оҶ˵Ϣ췭ظı仯µͻ˾硣
ţҸոͻ˾磡Ҷ˵ͷ벻ͻ񾳡
Ҷ٣а취ͻ񾳣
ǽܳţ츳޷̤񾳣ͻ񾳵Ѷȡ
о۵Σ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ޵н壬γ¶ǿĽ֮
⣬ôܣ
оҶΧĽ֮򣬽ɴ˫ۣͣ¶˲֮ɫ·۾п˹
ʷУδ澳
οҶֻǶǵ澳磬Ҹոͻơ
Խ˰ɣĿɿڴĽҶ¶˵Цݵ
ҶٴĽ֮򣡡
ʱҶڽԽĸĪҶֶȫ۷˽˸߹ͷ­˵
񣬷ſ꣬Ҫֿڽ֮ķӡסûҵ㲻ôڸˣұȡҶĶ
İҶ٣һ֪ôᱳ㣡˵ͷĵ˵
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷԼٵݣ޵нķҪӡ˽
޵н壡
ٵĶһ޵н壬޵нǿס
ʱɣһԼ޵н壬ͻ񾳽ˮɣҽ޵нǿоԼ˵ڴһս
ллҶٴ˵޵н壬֮ڽһҶٵˡϥأм˵
ɣúȡͻ񾳣ֻͻ񾳣ܸõİңҶ罫ȫݷĽˣұչصЩ꣬ûл㣿
УѾ֪Ϣ̫մѶ龭̫֮첢δǰ顣һһʮ˵
̫ô㣿Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Щɵʵ
̫Ǹκˣ֮ԷӦûо˼ǣҡҡͷ
ô绹иҪ·Ҷʵ
ţЩң壬壬ħΪӦ壬ħв壬壬׼ʤųˣͬˣ
Ȼӡͨ겼µߣһЩҪϢ
壬壬ˣ
һϢҶʱΪʮѾͶ壬壬ˣı
ţ˵𻯹һִٳɵġ˵ͷҶ٣⡣
ܴ󣡡Ҷ˵ͷûв²⣬ƶ˵壡
壡۾һɵҶ٣㻳𻯹֮ı
Ҳ֪𻯹ĹϵҿԺܿ϶Ͷ壬ˣ壬ҪԴ»죡Ҷ˵ⳡ˱Ҫƻ
Ҷ٣Ļ壬ȥʤų񲻺Σգǵ˵Ҫȥʤųǰɡ
ҪģǾͻƵ񾳣ֻͻƵ񾳣ܰҶԿ壡ҶҡҡͷҪʵҲѣֻҪϵϹͺðˡ
˽֪ߵλ𣿡
Ҷ绹һĿģǾǼ̳еĴУ
ߡûмǴһصĵطߣǵطܹ죬һ˸޷뵽棬дԣ뵽ˣһ˻ų˼һ£λøҶ硣
񣬾ʤų˻жãҶʵ
ûмǴʱ䣬Ӧĸºʤųˣ
ĸʱ䣬㹻ˣҶӽе֪ʤųǵλá
뿪ʱΪӣ츳ֵܲҶ絭˵
ã֪Ҷ˵ˣ˵ͷһڴӦ
ޱԼ׽ؼҵҶ绺˵
׽ؼңҶ٣ؼһйϵЩʵϾؼУ̫Сˡ
ţҸ򣬳չһʱ䣡Ҷ˵ͷ
İҶ٣˽뵽Ϊͽǽ˵
סҪ֪ҵĴڣҶ綣һˣˣϣ´μ㣬ͻƵ񾳡
˵꣬ҶͨеϹŴ뿪˽

׽ǣؼҡ
ף׼ҶǲƣǷ׽ǣ뿪ɣ
Ȼؼҵ꣬Ҷ˰׽ǵһıԴӽɱ֮Уؼҵĵλתֱ£ʵԶؼ֮ϵİ׼ҸͻȻѣٱؼңؼҴ󲿷Դ뽫ؼҸϳ׽ǡ
Ŀǰľֻˣص̾Ϣһ
ؼұ֣ε׼뿪׽ʱ׼ҼһŰ׼һڸؼҡ
ͨ
ǰʱ仹ֺﲻһİһˣؼֱӹ˵ϣɪɪ
ף׼ǡ
ڹڵϵİһصµ˵ɴ˫ۣȫɵˡ
˭
Ȱһشһǿ˹ʵ
ǣ
һϮɫȹ˵˵
ϲС㣬׼ΪӣȥʹЦݵ˵
ʲô
ʹĻ쾪һ㣬˻꺣ը죬޴ϲֱؼҡ
ؼˣʹ֪ͽϢޱҲˡ
ΪͻȻΪͽѵ
ţԺиֳһͬͷ
ѵҶûɹˣ


1921 ʤų
ʤųǣͼͼ֮䣬ҪǳأҲĽŦÿ춼дıԴͨʤųУŴĸǰס
Ϊ֪壬壬弴ʤų˵ϢʤųǣҪһĿ֮£ʤųҲ˱ÿǰ֡
ʤųǣڵˣ
תҶͨռ涴ǰʤųǡ
ʤųǣҶóѶ̣ϵ̫ϳϹ̫Դȴʼ޷ϵ
ǰӦһֱڱκεĸţҶ̾Ϣһˣ취ɡ
ϵϹ̫Դ޷ıһʱ֪壬Ҷҡҡͷ˳ϢȺ߽Źһ㣬ΰ׳ǳȺɽ࣬ǶľʤųС
ʤųиֺö࣡
ߵʤųǹϵĽֵϣҶ緢ֵ֣ϸּ࣬ƽʱټ񼶸֣洦ɼУżȻ˼漶֡
漶磬ǾǽĴڣųŮƣֿ·档
Ҹطס˵ɣ
˻нһʱ䣬Ҷ׼Ҹطסȹֵ
̫ҪĿ˵ʢʤųеȴֱӵʤųеĿջ˸޷ס
ѣǲŵĵط
Ҷ뿪һɫлˮĿջʱһСӣϸһСӴ˹Сʵ
еطס
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬һһթģļϸӣʵ
еطסǳãҪʲôʲô۸еÿҪһƷʥϸӵ˵ͷ
ã·
ӵǬҶʵֻҪһԷǬԣһƷʥ˵ţ֮һë
ѣҲ֪סΣҪȸǮҲܴȥϸЦ˵
ԣʮƷʥסʮ졣סƭңұ֤촦Ҷ˵ͷóʮƷʥϸӣؾ
ģҴȥĵط֤⣡
Ҷ˫б⣬ϸĪһѸʮƷʥҶʤųȥʤųʮƮŨŨ֬ĺַ
ˣϸָźַһ¥㲻סģס÷ģܸŮķ񣬱ֲ֤˼񡣡
¥
Ҷüͷšһû뵽ϸӴԼĵط¥¶һ˿ջ֮ɫ
Ҷ֣
Ҷ׼ֽѵϸʱһöĶУ˳Դѩɫ黨ȹʸţòʩۣ֬ȴ˵ģͬ£޳˫Ȼ˹
Ĺû뵽㣡
Ҷû뵽¥ײˣЩΡ
Ҷ֣㣬ôֵطˣ
Ŀһ͸ҡ֮ݺݺ¥Цһʵ
ȴ¶һ˿֮ɫûۿ
ûطסƭҶҡҡͷ͵
û뵽ҶҲʧǰʱ򣡡ҶĽͣϵЦݸŨˣҶ֣ûطסȥɣҶҲڣǰʱ仹һֱ߶㡣
ãǾͶлˣҶ˵ͷûϸӾ뿪ˡ
Ҷ֣ʲôʱ磿
Ҷ粢סȥʱʵ
жʱˣ壬壬˵ϢҶ׼ĵݣû͸¶ġ
ţˣȷʵǣ磬˳ɹ壬ħͲԭǰΪΪˣĵ˵ͷҶͨ˵ǸоԴ˴硣
ģּˣûҷƯˣ
Ҷһ˵һסȥʱһɫƳۣųڣͦɵӣһһǵ澳İ׷Բͬ£˹
磬ǲҪ
ؿһۺӣҶ׼뿪
ϣôײ»ͼҴߣѵ㲻ҸҶ͵ˣĿؿһòҶ磬˵
ħԹǣ͸ɾ㣬Ҷ㲻
û뵽˵Ķ񶾣ŭؿ
׼ôħԹɫԵ˵ڴϣҵǺڴ
ħԹǻ䣬ͻȻоǰһҶƻذƳ
ž
һİ
㲻ħԹǱҶһȷ˳ȥ׷ԶصԶ̯λϣ̯λ飬Ǳ

׷û뵽Ҷ羹ҵڽѵħԹǣʱŭˣһǿ֮бҶ硣


1922 ϴ̫
ס֣
Ҳû뵽Ҷô󵨣ȷħħԹǣɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷǰ⡣
ÿҶ㲻
׷ߵѪɫ۾һֻŭĶǣģɭȻ
ɢ֮ǵ񾳽Ĵ˼ѹѹ
ħ磬ݵ˺ʥŮ
澳ĻѸٵǰֵ׷ɢ֮
ħɱСӣҪ
ȫݣݣ澡ʧħԹָҶ磬ŭ
˭ÿɱ˭
ħ̤һµ֮ɽӿˣӲײҶ硣
ħǵĴֻҪϷŹ磬ʥֻһ
Ȼܱ澳֮ʵ̫ħִҪ֣Ǹֵס֮£ֻ˵
ӣٷϻĲ㣡
ΪħħԹǺܹȴ裬ʱֻɱҶ磬档
ģÿɣѣһ־ǣҶƿˣһħ澳ħ硣
СӣϷ֤ԣ
ΪҶѪټʵԶʤħԹǣħԹǸоҶľ磬ûȽ˵
£
ħ绰䣬һƾ쾪װħ֮ǿħʶһ˿ٻ
һ̣Ҷǧڽֺݺݵħ㲻ļϣµ̵ĳˮӿ뵽ħУϥһ䣬ֱӹڵϣӲĵҳӡ
⣡
Ŀһǵ澳ħ磬ҶһһĻҶĻһӲ
Ҳ¶֮ɫҶ˼ر仯
Ծ̶̵İУҶʵȻﵽ̶ȡ

عħŭˣȫѪȫȼգһīǿİ֮УնҶ硣
ߣ֮Ҳң
޵н壬Ҷӵǿһָһ˫˫͵Ŀע£סЯϮİ֮
꣡
Ҷ˫ָ΢΢ֱ˰֮ĵУһƣҪվħĹڵϡ
С㣬˵˭ʵô˵Ŀֲ
Ҷ罫ħһĻ㹻ˣĿ˫ָ֮Ļ棬ֱŴˡ
ҺҶڰսʶѣݣһ̫һסĵ𾪣
ţܣ
Ҷ֣ⷢûħԹҪܣٻ˰ư壬Լߡ
㣬㲻˺ң˺ңұ֤ħ˵ġҶ˫ħԹһӲͷƤ
ôˣողǺ𣿡ħԹǵľ棬Ҷ粻Ϊ˵
£ǵĴ¸ַ̧ǣֻҪ·뿪ұ֤պ鷳ħĵ裬ڸеɱ⣬˵
ϴǲ̫ˣҶЦһһ̰ɡ
˵ţҶһָͫ׷Ŵȫħ硣
㲻ܡ
ħĻû˵꣬Ҷ񣬳ǿָͶħķһָԴϡ
أ
ħԴˣеȫ飬Ѫе
ˣħˣ
û뵽Ҷ絨ôĸɱħ磬ħ˺
Ҫɱң㲻Ҫɱң
ħȫݿħԹǵߣûйĿͷģҶһ
磬ħԹȻɺޣݲ򵥣ɱ鷳ҡҡͷ˹Ȱ˵
÷û鷳𣿡Ҷ¶Цݣʵ
⡭
ħԹȻûй֪һرԻᶯһеҶ硣
ģֻҪңұ֤鷳ħҲ취ƵħԹ֤
ô鷳ˣҶҡҡͷΪħҪǾɣһе
˵꣬Ҷ絥ְϣǿжѻֵ˵ڶָħԹǵԴϣֵĿע£Դꡣ
ɱħԹǣħˣҶջ˰ԼǶ˵³ʥڻǵ塣
Ǻ±ۣ뿪ǡ¶˼ˣҶ絭˵
ãҶȻʥһеɣĿճɻҽħԹǶˣһҶ磬¶ĵ
ʥŮ
ˣѾҪ˵ˣĴĻ߰ɣǻȥ
˵꣬صĴ̬Ҷ磬һǵĻˣסȥ


1923 ݣ
ˣҵʱסҶ⣬ʥʦ㣬ʦס
ָǰһɫſֻʯʨӣǿµĸԺ
Ҷ㿴˭ˣ
Ĵ򿪽ƣҶ߽ԺУ
Ҷ㣬ˣ
߳ҶվߵҶ磬¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ첽ӭ
ţҷжʱˣҶЦ˵Ҷμʢģ
ǸģҶ˵ͷ̫ˣҾ͵͵˳
Ҷ֣ôʱû֪ʵ˶٣ǽΣҶԾԾԵ
ģ
ҶҿͲҪŰˣҶֵʵ̫ˣ뵽Ҷ˫նɱһǵħһĻĲɵҡͷ
ģҶ۾һڵսӵĸ߰
ʱڽǡħԹǺħ硭Ļ˵
Ҷ֣ɱħԹǺħ磡
ĵĽҶɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫ
ȻħԹǲΪ壬ħǻʵһħ棬ҪɱѶȼ
ţҶЦЦ
찡Ҷ֣ңѾͻ澳ˣ
Ҷʮͻ澳Ѷȣ츳Դǵ޷ԽǼѵһ
ȷʵͻƵ澳ˣҶЦ˵
Ҷ֣Ƿ㣬츳ʲôҶ˵УһҪ֪Һ֮ʵжҶ֣ɷһС
û⣡
Ҷ˵ͷʮʹشӦ
Ҷ֣Ǵ𻯹ͨзܳɱУҪСˣҶ
ãɣ
ҶЦЦɫɵ˵
޵н壬Ҷ̥ǣﵽ˲ĳ̶ȣҶǵ񾳽ʵ˵
䣡
Ϊ˼ʶҶʵҶһȫת䣬ʵ
һǿ֮壬ΧĿռҵĲ
ҶתɵĲ̫󣬾ĵʦʦ㣬Ƿ׷׳أǰԺС
Ҷ֣СˣɫأҶһһʩչĿǰյǿɱУ顣
һȫ̵֮ĳˮӿ壬ݻſµĵ⣬أſռ䣬Ҷ硣
ÿµĹ䲻𻯹ͨʵֲ̫ˣ
ǰ˹ҪˣҶȻṳ֮̂ʩչУԻһǵ棡
վԭأܵҶ磬ĲɵþʦʦȴſϷͷ
еȷʵܴ󣡡
ۿɱ壬Ҷ̤һֱӳ򵽹С
ãˣ
ҶʮһеĿֲҶûκεֿĳУʱ
һ̣شһǵܵͻȻ˴飬ʧˡ
ҵĿռҲһָ̻ƽ
⣬ôܣ
ű˫֣ͦζҶ磬˵ӣǰһĻ
Ҷ֣㣬㵽ôģ
Ҷ˵Щˣ˵ҶֶԶԶ
һСֶζѣҶ΢΢һЦû˵Ƶ飬ʵǶ˽֮
Ҷ֣ǷˣҶ˵ߣǺȾȥ򲻹㣬һҪ
ã
ҶҶĪĺøУ˵ͷ˸ۡһɽͤУŸۡе
Ҷ֣ʵô죬Ӧþ˺ܶ°ɣҶһͷȸ˱еʵ
ţȷʵ˲£Ҷ˵ͷãȽӲȫΪģõ˲ٴԵ
Ľ㣡Ҷ̾Ϣһ￴ҽգܺһþʣͻƵĵˡ
Ҷܸңĸ׵ʲô𣿡ҶҶһ˿棬ʵ
Ҷ֣ҺһʣҾͲˣĸ𻯹ʥŮȥһЩϲĲ㣬𻯹Ҷ̹ϵ˵
ô˵壬壬ˣ˵ϻˣҶ۾һû뵽Ҷȱ
ȻȻһִٳɵģûνˣ𻯹ȫȨҶԺ˵
ҶܴܲȥкҪ¸˵
ʼϵϹ壬Ҷ׼ҶĸͻƿڣСı
⡭
ôѣԥҶҶ翪ʵ
Ƣе֣̫ϲˣҶ˼һµҶ֣ﵽʲô£
Ҫ¡Ҷص˵
ãȻҾʹȥﲻˣҾ˵ݣ˽￴Ҷһ
ãô죡Ҷ˵ͷҲⲻ
ǺȾƣһ磬ҴȥûǾͽݣ
ҶҲҶĪ׽оΪֵܡ
һṦͤͤ˵ҲɽͤУ˶
ܿ죬һҹʱȥˡ


1924 Ϊ˵
¶ס
߰Ҷ֣Ҵȥݼ
Ҷ˯ɵ۾ɢϵľҶ뿪ĵĸۡǰ𻯹ŵذʤ
ʤʤųĹ֮һʤųľ㣬ڶǣΪ𻯹λߣʤųǣʤʱŵء
ˣǰǰʤˣǾס棡
ҶҶһ·ģ˴Լһʱһ̻Իͣɢҫ۹ԵĹ⡣

ҶذʤİɫսȲǰ
ڹ𣿡ҶŰ˵ͷʵ
ʥŮڹУûһӳ
λѣˣҴȥݼҶ򵥽˼䣬Ҷ߽˰ʤС
ҸоϢˣǰ¥У
Ҷָһڻ԰Уһ峺ˮأɫĹ¥С˵
ϢôеϤأ
ݵԣڹ¥вһϤϢ˲Ϣ֮䣬ϤϢͲˣҶĸв졣
𣿡վڹ¥⣬Ҷûҽȥʵ
ǽɣһᣬ˸оʮڹ¥Ʈ
߰ɣǽȥ
ҶһҶ˹¥¥һɫƳۣȫڰɫУʵòŮӣż޼һ辰
ҶʱеļĪһһʢĻ
λҶֵܡ
ҶҶ磬ʥŮǰĽܵ
ž
Ҷ䣬ʥŮеļͻȻˣ͵سһƣ㲻ЩµҶȷ˳ȥ
ʲô
ź׵ҶЩǱڵίʵ
Ϊ˵ˡ
ʥŮ̫ʦϣᵹһ裬˵
˵ˣҶź׵Ĭ˵ʲôҡ
ǲǹҴҶֵܡ
ž
Ҷû˵꣬ʥŮȳ˵ڶƣҶȷ˳ȥֱӽľײˡ
Ҷû˵仰ͱʥŮȷΣҶһͷߣЩ
ǲаˣΪʲôϴңҶ챻ˣ˵
Ϊ˵ˣʥŮһƮɢ

˵ʲôң
ҶԴҲ벻Լ˵ʲôԵ޹ΰ
˵ɣʲô£
ʥŮɨһվһԵҶ磬ŵʵ
֪ҴˣҺҶһʣҪֵܣ֪ΣҶմۣ˵
ֵܣʥŮ͸һ˿ζһҶ磬ֿһҶҲͬ⡣
ΪʲôҶֵ˺ܺõأҶ˵
δ˵꣬һαʥŮȷ˳ȥ
һΣʥŮһȣֱӽҶȷɳ˹¥صˤԺУԺвˡ
ôִңҶ涵˵
Ϊ˵ˣʥŮڹ¥Ʈ
Ҷ
ǰҶģ㲻ҪҶЩʥŮ·ӣֲԸҶһδΰ򣬲òһԽӻ
ʲô£
ʥŮǬָóһɫɢǿԵ񱭣ΪҶ絹һ裬ָһ
ǰǰѣҶһʥŮԵò裬˵ˣʵı
ţ⻰ʲô˼ʥŮüͷ΢΢һ
ΪѾͶ壬Ϊ߹Ҷ罫һһʮĵ˳
˵ʵ飿Ҷ署ʥŮ˼ʮʵ
ǧȷǰţȥ壬Ұϵʣǰ֤ʵҶ
Ҷ磬֪ˣѾǰ϶ˣˣʥŮ˵
֪ǰ֪ǰǻӣҶ˵ϲһˣһ֣ʳ͹壬ʱĴӵΣա
ˣ˵Ѿ֪һģʥغ͹Ų£޷ԤϣʥŮһ
ǰЩԨԴֻҪǰҵĸ߲㣬һ˵ǣҶĵ˵
ȷʥŮĸ˵
ȷҶ˵ͷ
ðɣҶȥݼ峤ʥŮܾǴӦҶݼ塣
лǰҶ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ҷ磬ðմϢ𺳣ҲҪҪ֪Ϣһ¶ĴΣգһҪСģҶ׼뿪ʱʥŮͻȻѵ
İǰҵӲµģҶЦЦ¶ŵЦݣǰһˣ
˭ʥŮ˼
ѣ֪ǰ𣿡Ҷڴʵ
ûʥŮԥ˵ˣЩˣ뿪ˡ
ãҾ͵ǰĺϢˣ
ʥŮҶûڹ¥оôת뿪ˡ


1925 ɱ˲ɱ
Ҷ㻹𣿡
ʯϣպףһƵҶҶ¶ŵЦݣ˹ȥʵ
Ҳ֪ﵽôˣƽʱҶƵ˵
ˣˣȥݼ߲㣬֪ʲôط𣿡Ҷ簲οҶ䣬ʵ
֪ҴȥҶ˵ͷת䣬ϵĺףҶ뿪˰ʤǰ˹ŵĻ幬
վڹ¥֮ϣĿҶ뿪ʥŮ̾Ϣһԥóһ洫Ѷ̣Զ𻯹ѶҶϢ
ʥŮ²һҶϢʥŮҪٳˡ
Ҷ֣㵽׺̸ʲô뿪ʤҶһʵ
ҲˣʤųǣǲμӽʢģҪƻˣҶ̾ϢһûҶʵ
ΪΣҶüͷһƣ¶֮ɫ
ΪҲ²⣬ıҶ򵥽Ͷµ˳
⣬̫شˣҶо̬ԣǱҪֹһҪƻı
Ҫֹ˵Ѳѣ˵ҲףҶ̾ϢһҪûҵĻ
Ҷ֣ͬ𣿡Ҷüͷʵ
ҵֱңӦûͬ⣬пܲţҶ˵
ô죿Ҷ˵
ҪţֻҪܼ峤˵ҶҶļ
ߣǸϿǰ幬ɣ
˵꣬Ҷ˼ӿ˽ŲλڱǣһɽµĻ幬ȥ
󻤷ɱ
Ҷǰ幬ʱͻȻɫۣɢǿħɱڵħס
ãħˣ
ͻȻֵħ֣Ҷɫһ䡣
ҶվһߣҪֽһнң
Ȼħ󻤷ǶǵܣҶ˵Σտԣһһ˹ȥ
Ҷ֡
ҵģҪ֣Ҷûлͷ˵
ģ㵨ӲСҵɱħԼħ廤ҿıӵˡһĿ࣬ɫ裬һͷʨһħɭȻ˵
ﱨģ
Ҷ֪ԼҪֹˣƱȻ󲨣սԶħƣη塣

Ƣ𱩣һħ澳ĽӱһٻһɫشڽޱȳصսԿٵ֮ƣնҶ硣
̫ˣ
һħһУǾĴڣҺɶײҶУһħͬУһֻ־
Ҷûʩչκεʽǵĺһȭӭȥ
Ҷȭͷնսײһʱǧڽˣݿ˰֮գڽӾֵĿע£һȭɵ˰С

Žӷһʹİ屻ӿ뵽ǧڽˣڰлһѪҲ顣
Ҷ̫ˡ
ĿҶһȭ䱬һһħһĻҶ¶˼֮ɫ
ħ󻤷˵ɫȴࡣ
Ƿ֣ԼԶԶص͹ҶˣҶһȭһһǵ棬Ǿѡ
úúãСӣ֣α㣬´ûôˣԥħ󻤷һݻ羪֮ħ뿪
´ˣνһ˰ɣҶ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݣħ󻤷ǰɱȻ
ô㻹뽫Ƕɱˣħ󻤷ɫѿ˵
ѵ𣿡ҶЦЦԵʮ˵ֻС϶ѣɱ˲ɱˡ
㣡
ĸħ󻤷ը˷ΣҶʵ˼ɲѡ
СӣȻʵǿҪסʤųпħλڣɱǣҲҶеɱ⣬ħ󻤷ʱЩͷ󣬲òħвҶ硣
˵˵˾ǹɣ
ħ󻤷вҶ粻Ϊ˵
Ѫݣ
оҶɱԼľģħ󻤷ڶϧ۵ȼѪٶޣһѪҪܡ
ܵ˲䣬Ҷͷѿۣ֮ӳ޾⣬ϣķɸӣ
ħ澳ħ󻤷Ҷɱʣµħ˵ƴԶȥ
֮۹£һħܸӲ֮䱬
߰ɣȥ幬
Ҷһħ󻤷˵³ʥڻǵʬ壬һݵҶ幬ȥ


1926 ƻ
վסǹϢĵط˲ÿ
ҶɽϵĻ幬ʱס
ݼ峤ģ֪峤ڻ幬𣿡Ҷó˵峤ʵ
ʥҶеƣϳǹߵȼʥ¶˹֮ɫ峤ڻ幬УҴλȥ
˵ţӳԴҶˣ߽˿涷ʻ԰һĻ幬С
峤һԳҶˣʥݼӳ˹峤ڵ޹У
Ҷ磡ںȲ裬뼸߲ĵĹ۾һҶСѽ
磬Ҷݼ峤
߽޹Ҷ˳Źڹһ
磬֮ˣ¶ŵЦݵˣλǣ
ҶʥŮĶӣģҶܵ
ԭµĶӣЦ˵㲻˵ǵĳ࣬ΪǸأ

˳磬ʲô£Ҷºʵ
ʤųǣֹ˵ġҶ
ֹˣΪΣüͷšһЩʵ
ΪıҶ罫Ͷ壬ԼԼķԴԴϵص˳
⣬˵Ŀģ
Ҷ署ڵ¶֮ɫе̬ԡ
ǧȷ峤ţھϵʱ£ʱ峤֪ûƭˣҶóĴѶ̵
ãڵ˵ͷǾͷϵʡ
ˣ
ҶԴԴϵѶעǿӳİ׹⣬Լһʱ䣬ʵڴѶ
ҶСѣң
ʱ£峤ߣ֤ʵһ£Ҷ򵥵Ľ龭˳
ڣҶСûƭ㣬ȷʵѾͶ壬Ϣ̫ˣȫʧأǾʶû͸¶һҪϢ
һִٳɴ˴˵Ҳ⣡ڸе̬ԣ˵
徭ô겼֣ȷʵ˲˳ɹ֣һܽʳʱ罫£ص˵
ţˣҪƻһлл͸¶Ϣģҹۣͬһ취ƻ˴ˡ
ڣ𻯹ţʥص˻ʻֵģ¶Բߣ
ãȥݷ˻ʣԲߣ
˵꣬Ĺڽ֮ĶԻ
ҶСѣллΪҹҪϢΪİȫһʱ䣬סڻ幬ɣûܶ㲻ںϢ¶Ҷ⵽屨
л峤⣬Ҿסһʱ䣡
ҶҲ֪˻ʵֽ˵ͷͬ
ҶҶ̸̸ʥŮĿڷ磬뿪ˡ
ڹڣ˻Ӧ֮ʱʧ澳ܵħȴ뵽ŭ֮УȫѲҶ䡣
ʲôСӲ˻幬УѵСǹˣ
ɫۣȫźɫħ۾ݽգ׶оħϣ۷澳ħ޺ջ˵
ǰڹ棬˲ǹˣ峤ʶϢħ峤
ߣʲôݣɱħͻҶ֮أħ޺һɱ˵ħߣʱ̹עСӵĶֻҪ뿪幬ҡ

峤˻ʱôˣ
ȵɫصĹڻص幬Ҷҵѯ
ܱиһЩ̾һ˻˵ִҪ壬ҹˣҪƻˣǱҪʱҵͶ֤ݣ»Ūɳ׾
֤ݣ
ҶüͷšһԺ˼ǧ
峤˽⣬ħϵΣҶ˼һµ
ħһհӵôӴħ˲˵
ħվָأҶӹһ£ƴ
Ѷеħ岻ܱ塣ҡҡͷΪѵ˵
峤취˵˻ʣԴ˴ˣһ취ʱħվָ֤壡Ҷһ֤
磬ħܿ£˴ʤųǵħħ޺۷澳ܣʵɲ⣬ҪҪЩֶΣĶ
İɹ峤͵ҵĺϢɣҶ¶ĪЦݣĵ˵
ǺðɣһСģ
뵽ҶصܣŵЦݣͻȻЩڴ


1927 ѹħ޺
һҶ̤źҹ뿪˻幬һȣʤųȥ
ħһֱܵĹעҶ磬ǰʤųϢڵһʱ䣬ħ޺ĶС
ʲôСҪܣ֪ҶǰʤųϢħ޺۾͸ɭȻ֮ɫɱħˣһ֮δ̫ˡ
ħ࣬ȥСҪְƤж󵨣ɱħˣħ޺еı豭վĿ࣬ﵽħ澳ħ࣬뿪ʱŵĸۡҶʤų⡣
ҹԽԽʤų⾲ĵһƬ̡
꣡
һ֦ͻȻ
һϮɫۣҹںһҶ磬ʤųǽһƬïʢĴС
߽žĿµĴ֡Ҷ翴һ۴΢΢̣һ˿Ҫزˣɡ
ţ㷢ֱˣ
Ҷڴеħ޺ħһƬïʢĹľ˳Щ˵
ϻȻһУҶЦ˵
˼˼ħ޺Ц˵û뵽ϣܷǵĴڡ
ȻǣΪʲôأ
оҶϢԶԶԼħ޺Ѱٻһµͼռ䣬ɭȻ˵
ӣΪʲôҪӣҶ絭˵߹Ҳӣ
˵ţʮϹ측ֳҶ壬ƿ˽ƿռͼ֣޷з顣
ţ
Ҷеɱ⣬ŽƿռĴϹ죬ħ޺˲һ˿ѰϢ
֣סС˵
ħ޺ûٷϻĿħͬʱ֣η֮ɽ㹥Ҷ磬Ҫܡ
ħ޺ϮҶû㣬Ҳûٻˣȼպ֮Ѫ޵нӭȥ
֮򣡡
Ҷһ̤޵нݻ£˱һ޵µ񽣣µĽ֮籡壬ռ䡣
ǣ
ħ޺˵Ĺ֮ʱޱȣиһе֮顣
⣬֮
Ϊħϣħ޺ɽӴħϤ񾳴ܶе򣬸оҶſĽ֮򣬾ӣĶһ£ϵ亹˲佫·ʪ͸ˡ
ѵǰ벽֣
ȷҶſĿռǽ֮ħ޺ɵûҶϻʵһ֡
ԣ벽ʮǧ
סĵĿ־壬ħ޺ַȷһҶʵǰ벽񣬸񣬳һ
㵽ôģδ̤벽񾳣Ϊ۳򣿡ħ޺û뵽Ҷϻܣûȡ
ܵõҶϵܣоԼм̤񾳣޵硣
£ҶЦЦ˵
Сӣ㲻ţȱס㣬㲻ڣ
˵ţħ޺ħһһҹҶ磬Ҫѹϵܡ
Ҷħ޺˼һսĴ漶ͼݵ£ٻ˷ɽ漶ڽ˷ɽУӲɽĹƷ
޼
ﵽ£ľӰҶһľ˿µĻ֮뼫ݵĴ漶ͼ֮޵нںһһ˺ħ෢ĴɱУ塣
ͨ
ħ෢ԼĹ̼䱻޼Ƶŵȫëֱٻƣƴ
κΣҶһֲ̫ħƴĹֵס
䣡
޼ħǿ׳ϣԼս£˳ȥײĿռϣһѪ
޵н壬֮Ȼǿ󣡡
Ҷû뵽޵н壬֮£Լʩչ޼Ȼɱһǵ棬¶Цݡ
ħ̣
ħ޺ҶսԶԶ󣬾Ȼɱǵ澳ħ࣬ٻƷħ̣Ťռ䣬Ҷ磬Ҫûش
̣֮
ħŤռɱҶ֮ǿӭȥ
䣡
ƷײһϹƵɽ֣Ϊƽء
ʮϹ£Ʒײɵƻûоκˡ
ĿǰսȻܻɱ澳ܣԶԶ۷澳ܵĶ֣
ƷײɵƻҶ类ԶһѪ˳˳
Сӣɣ
һҶ磬ħ޺ʤ׷Ҫһɱ
ǰبǰٰѹ
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫̤벽񾳽飬بٻ˳Ƶħ޺Ĺ
벽񣡡
о飬بŵϢħ޺¶ؾ֮ɫ
֪ҶǶˣΪ˵ĳŵˣ벽񱣻Űַֻӡ
㣬ǵʲôˣ
磬벽ֵ࣬Ҷݣе˿־塣
ѹ
ûж˵ϻٻǿ֮򣬴ݿħ޺Ĺ׽֮ѹؽǬС


1928 ʢ
ǰħܷ࣬αװħ޺
Ҷ򵥽Լļƻˣʵ
û⣡
̫֮һźֶܶΣűѹħ޺ǿħ࣬
㣬ǵҪʲô
ű仯Լ飬ħ޺ʱ񣬸оԼ̤ĳıС
㲻ҪţҲҪΪٻţټһҶ翴Ŷͷðſź飬뵽֮еħ޺

ȰòҪɱҶ㲻ûκεĺô⵽ħֹ׷ɱ
ħ޺һħҶʩѹҪҶ˼ɡ
ǲ̫ˣ˭֪йأҶЦЦ˵
ħ˶֪Һħ׼ɱ£ǲȥħ˿϶ỳɵͷϣħ޺סĵĿֻŵ
˭˵ǲȥ
ҶЦЦƻ֮漶ͼûħࡣ
㡭ҪſϷң
ŻûԼħҶ飬ħ޺ˣ˵֡
ΪʲôҪ㣿Ҷ練ʵˣȲҪڻЩֵȻһû˼ֵɱҲ١

˵꣬Ҷٻ˻ľħ޺Уǿзӡ塣
ţҶƵħ޺󣬽Զħ޺ѻ֪꣬䡣
Ȼ˲򵥣˳ɹãʧܣܻ
Ȼħ޺̫ıҶ绹ͨϢһЩҪ顣
ΣҪƻ˴ˣȻһ죡Ҷ˫ȭ¾ĵ
ľɣ
֪ħ޺꺣еҪϢҶƻľħ޺еʥȫ飬ϵ۷澳ħ޺
Ż
ħ޺ʥˣҶ緢ֻľŻûģժŻֱ۷а棬ͻޣǾʵӦʱֵܳΣա
СӣϷҲŹģ
ʮΪһħ޺˲òϣѪɫ۾ŭҶ
ֹ֣һֻأҶЦһɢĹ
㣬㲻ܣħ޺׺ˣɱ
ǬУɷ˵ħ޺ûлɱҶǬӡá
ǰǻȥɣħģ
Ҷ罫ħ޺ǬһУ뿪Ǭջ˽ƿռʮϹħ޺µ̣̤źҹķصʤųУصħʱŵİʯС
ϣ೤ϣôֻˣѵʧˣ
ſֶҶ飬ħڴܲûпαװģʵ
ССˣڳӦҶģħ̾Ϣһ
Ӧϣ֪̽ݣħĸʵ
ûУӦСӵʵǿҺħǵĵģħ޺
ϣ˵ˣʲôɣħᵽһ˿ѰϢǵ˵
⣿ܳʲô⣡ģħ޺ں˵һжƿУ˭ˡ
ˣҺħո˵㰵ˣȥˣûر£Ҫˣ
ؾһαװħҶһ뿪ˡ
Ҷαװ̫񣬾ħ϶ûпɣûлǵݡ
ʱһȥ
˵ԽԽʤųǱԽԽ֣ӵʤųֱӷ˳ţֻϸ֣ߵλ֮˲ܽʤųǡ
ٽʱҶϵͨµͶ̬
ڣ˵ӣʤųҲ˷糾̨֮ʤųϿա
߰ɣȥ̨֮
һ磬αװħ޺ħ˵Ҷ磬һħ̨֣֮
ţǣ
ɵ̨֮ʱһ׹ڣһŸоӡ뵽
Ȼģӿ޺Ҷ绹ǴϸоֲϢ
ǰʶǸ𻯹һ𣿡Ҷ紫ѯ顣
˾𻯹񣡴츳ߣϹʱھ֮ˣ̤뵽񾳣鴫Ӧ
ôˣ
Ҷ籾Ϊ˴νˣ𻯹ʥŮȴû뵽Ȼڽ֮ճ֡
ѵйأ
ĳ־ѰҶ绳Ĺϵ
ûã壬壬ԼʥصҲˡ
ǰμӴ˴ν˵Ĳǽ棬һޱȵĸߴȫŻһӡ
ӣһĻʣո̤񾳵Գ
ˣȻ峤Գʣ˻ʶˣǾͲҪʱ䣬ʼн˰ɣʥŮִ˴νʢ͵˵
ȵи壡
Լʱ۵˻ʶһۣ˵


1929 һ
峤֪ʱʲô£
Ŀߴ󣬸ɽѹȸеԳһƷʼѵ裬ƹİ
ˣ֣ͬԿв˽⣬Уȴһ尵Ͷ壡ָǫ̈棬˵
ҲϢڴɹʶ˻ʵ˵ͷӦϢʵǺʮֿ£һڱƲģп塣
λ峤˼ͶˣԳɫ䣬˵
ѵ𣿡˵Ȼת䣺ǰãҸոʴѶʸң䣬һֲ߻ģǰ֡

ڵԣǰ̨֮μӽʢ壬ַһȻˢˢɫƽԳ
峤Ҳ֪Ϊ壬Ҫ߳˴νˣ岻֪ģ˭壬ĵˣŹ
Գ۾Ѫɫŭһ۹ڵ
ǰòŸո̤벽񾳽磬ܲס񾳵Գһɣɫһ󳱺죬ܵҪѪ
ԳʣǲеˣҹҲвģ
ͻȻһޱȲϵһ鲼ۣͶعƴüĿȴ˷â¶о̤ջ˹ߡ
̫ϳϣˣ
ͻȻߣڲдվ˵
̫裬ͻƵˣ
Գüͷ΢΢һ壬ڹߵĹ̫裬˵
㶼ͻƵ񾳣Ϸ곤ѵӦͻ𣿡̫ЦЦ˵
̫ϳϣû뵽˴νˣҲˣ¶ŵЦݣϿһ˿仯
Ҳμӽ˵ģֹ˵ģˣҹ˳̫ҡҡͷʯ쾪
˳ž޲ϳ΢ı仯̫ϳϣĿ£޹˳ǲǲ̫á
ҹ岻޹˳ԭ򣬹峤Ѿ˵ˣҹŲ壡̫ҡҡͷ
̫裬㲻ҪΪͻƵ񾳣ݺʣŭ˱ʣĲ㣡ԳƢ𱩣Ѫɫ۾ŭŹ̫
ôĹ˵ˣǴУĹ̫ʾ
ڹ̫裬Գʱʥ˻˵ˣʥҲ˳˴νˡ
˻ʣΪΣüͷšһ𣬵ʵ
Ź峤ԩ壡˻ʿһۻðɵԳ
úúãǿˣǳĽˣҪ˻ѹ壬ߣԳӹ̫в˻ò塣
˻ʣ˵֮˵ʵҪǿΨһĻʡ
峤˻ʣǲǱƭˣ岻ˣԻᱻһܣʱ罫û֮ءԺͷȰ˵
񣬲ǹ峤˻ʱƭ㱻˹Уʱαװħ޺վ˵ҿ֤ʵĹ

ŵָ֤Գħ޺ħɵˣԳҲɵۡ
˭֪ħһ򽻺ãĸӹħʢ磬Ӱӣħħ޺ȴָ֤壬òᵽ˲ѰϢ
ħ޺֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡ԳЩջ˵
ҵȻ֪Լ˵ʲôԳŭĿҸ˵Ļ࣬ĻƶߣԵ塣
ħ޺ôĹﱾʣҿıӵˣԳŭҲû뵽ᷢȱʡ
ħվָ壬δ뵽顣
ôˣôһˣ
ѵʲô鲻ɣ
ħڴܷ˼Ĳ²
ЦЦҶõļƻԳҷûͶ壬ˣһһ£֮ĹɣĻƶˣ᲻ΪĿߣԼðռ֮Ĺ
֮Ĺ
Ļ˵עˣ̨֮ҡ
֮ĹصĹѨٳ֣дԣ֮ĹеĿԵǿչ·˭ܵõ֮ĹеĻԵļʽԶԶ߹ˣ
֮Ĺĳ򣿡˻ĿƵؿħ޺
ǧȷҲ尵пԭҪ򣬶̺֮Ĺ˵ͷ
ħ޺ҿǷˣʽɱ㣡ԳܻҪֻɱαװħ޺
ô˽ҴĿ߳ŭˣ̫赲ĿߴͷǿѹȸеԳǰ˵
ԳʣƻȻѾ¶ǾͲҪǷϻˣɱ˵
ͻȻһŵĿХҶ簲ĵڶöӷ֣һ


1930 ̫
桭
ܶʶ֣ʵͶʵ
죬㲻ѾͶСô
Գ۽ǼѪɫ۾ŭͻȻֵķ棬ƺ
ʱ֪һڱƶǸ˼пǽΪѵҶ硣
ԳʣҪϷˣ峤Ҹ㣬ƻб䣬뿪˵
˵꣬ûκεԥ֮ȥ
ɳ֮ʱ˼һ㣬ʧˡ
죬㻹ʲôҪ˵ģ
ڣ˻ʷ׷վĿԳŭ˵
ɫҲޱȣȴû֪롣
߰죬ȻǲԸˣǾˣʱһɫۣʮͨһ۵Ľվ̤˻ðɵԳԡ
ߣʲôף
ʵ屳ѣ壬˻׼ᣬѹԳʺ֮Ĺ顣
ߣϷߣƾǻסһԵ˵
Ǿ¸µĸС
˻һʾ˵ϵԽԽǿһƳ壬Χơ
ʼ˻ΧƵľɫ䣬˵ðɣ£ʥһͨ
ǰߣ
ɹƻˣҶûоôң̨֮ȥ
ɨһҶȥķ򣬻һͬͨ׷ǣ뿪˻ҵʤųǡ
Ƽ
߷ʱ˻ץסᣬΧľͬʱѣŵٽ⹥˻ߣҪûش
ռ䣡
ݻµĽϮǰĿռͻȻˣµĻ֮ϵƻžĻᡣ
ռڰأ
˻ʿŻǰĿռ䣬ƼӳһĿĽ⣬ƻ䣬ҵĿռ䱻ƥеĽâն˵ֵĻռ䣬ն塣
ۿƥĽâնϵͻȻ췭ظı仯ǰʱͻȻֹ
һ̣ںǿĿռ֮նѿռĽɫâһȭֱӽɫâˡ
㣬̫죡
һȭɫâĻߣ˻ˣͨոһȭı仯͵⣬Լµ˻ߵݡ
̫죡
˻ʻ䣬˵Ŀⶼ˻ϡ
̫죬峤ųһˣпܳΪˡ
û뵽㾹Ȼϳң
ͨĻ΢΢һЦϵĻ֮ʧ¶һ絶һ㣬Ƿ˫͸˭ס
̫죬û뵽㾹ȻˣʧܣıûеóѣǲǺʧ
Ȼ̫ʵֲܿ˻ҲԼĵƣƴ̫ҲԻɱ
ȷʵû뵽ν˻һƻ̫ɫƽ˵ǵڽˣҪԿ壬ǲӦøһʹĽѵ
ߣ㱾ʵϧڵֻһ߷ѡ˻Ŀбâ̫ʵ˵
һ߷ɨǣ̫ĴЦһ죬ٴ뿪⼸˽ңһһʹĽѵ
ã
Գ̫ݲѣ뿪̨֮
̫в̫ʹ˻ʣ̫˲ûгԳˣ׼ȫԸ̫졣
һϰɣϣǵʵҪñʧ
Ȼǰֻ̫Ƿ˵ȻޱȣȫȻûнԼ̫
ģʧģ
˻ͫΣյ״ʥ֮Ӳӣӳɽɫ˻ʽֳ塣
˻˻ʽʱ˵Ϣ췭ظı仯֮ӿ壬ŷԲĿռ䷢
˻ٻ˻ʽʱ̫裬Լ˼Ҳٻǿ
иѹһеŵ̨֮ϵֻܲܣ±Ժɵƻϯ޹ɥ
ն
˻һֳ˻ʽն¡
̫裬Ҳͬһʱ䣬ֲ̫Ҫķ̫졣
ֲ̫̫ȫںһ𣬻һأֵ֮Ĺ
䣡
ͬʱ䣬һУڰ̨֮˷ĩʤų뵽š
һս磬˰˷ע
һսذ޹⣬ʷᡣ
̫ʩչƥеͨ죬ӲֳʱҶ磬Լٶ뿪˻ҵʤųǣ׼ͨռ涴ǰ


1931 ׷ɱҶ
磬˸ǣ
뿪ʤųǣǿֵϢظ棬ѵ
ıƻȻ߳ŭҪйޣҶЦЦ˵񲻳ֻ
߰ǰҸɽˮĵطĹ
˵꣬Ҷӿ˷ٶȣԼٶʤųɽзȥ
Ҷ˸ոշɽȺɽܼӿ˷ٶȣҪȺɽнҶˡ
Ҷٶ̫죬˽ٶ£һʱᶼ޷׷Ҷˡ
ţǰɽȲǰǾǰɽȽɣ
ҶޱߵȺɽзʱԶʤųǣȺɽһƧɽȣ˽ȥ
ɽɽȣҶٻʮϹ죬ڽľ죬ʮľɽУȴܵ
ħ޺ôˣ
ʮٶȼܷɵɽУҶŰΧм䡣
ħ޺ЦЦ˵㿴Ϸ˭
˵ţɢħγɵĻ󣬻ָʵò
㣬飬㾹Ȼţ
Ϥģ̫ϳϣ벽񾳽ϳǵ۾б⣬¶֮ɫ
ɱЩ֣Ϸô
̫ϳҲǻĹ֮һմȾŴ˵ѪŴˣ¶ŨŨɱ⡣
˼û뵽绹δһջ񣡡
Ȼ鵱̫֮һǰ벽񣬸ûн
Լܻ뿪ɱȻ
飬Ѿ££ƾ뷭죿ĴЦһ
֪Ϸ㻹бʤİ𣿡
һͳͻȻǬ𣬸оֲʵҶֽبǬٻ˳
بţҲû
׿ȺƮƮبţϵЦˡ
بŵų̫֮ף巢ʣʵ̤񾳡
ôبЦЦ˵ܿϧϷȽӲϾҪˡ
˵ţ飬بû˵ϻֳ齣һһҹ˰벽񾳽Ҫնɱ
飬بŽңȥסСӣҪˣ
δܣᵽһ˿ѰϢ澳Ĵܺ
ã
ѸٻƷǿѪ֮ǿ֮壬Ҷ硣
۷а棬ٳ
Ҷû¶ƣһӵв֮ͻư벽ֻһ֮ң۷аٻ˳ݿĹӲǶ˱ˡ
а桭ܣôаܱ
δ棬ѾΪ⣬ȫǿа۷аʱˣ¶˲֮ɫ
Ҫ֪а汾ӦبŽĸˣаδҲӦó壬һ澳Сӡ
Сӵʲôˣôܿа棡ԽĸоҶܲ򵥣ϾžĴܡ
ڰ벽񾳽Ϊ۷аĳ֣ʱ飬بץסᣬʩչɱУ
ħ࣡
˲仯׷࣬սֳּƷ齣𹥻˺Ĺڽڵİˡ
ռ򣬿ռڶ
ڽڰʱبŴ˿ռ죬ǿĿռ֮γһףĿռڶɱ
ħ࣬ħȭ
Σʱ̣仯ǿħ֮һ֮򣬺һ֮ȭſռ䣬ϮĿռڶ
֮򹥻£بʩչռ죬γɵĿռڶˣ黯ħ෢ĹҲ֮Ƶ
ߣ򣡡
֮Ƶبʩչ˸µ֮򣬳ռ䣬ϧ۵ײΧ֮
ɲײһʱһѺγɣبź˾޴ѹ
ǿĵ̣ǿ޸֧֮ʱٴ۳֮ײΧ֮һٽ֮ˣ⵽˾޴ɣȫѪȾա
Ǳҵģ
ˣóһźɫҩ̵˶Уŵҩ񱩵ǿѹסˣٵʵ
Ȱ㲻Ҫνˣûõģһ
Ȼصĺɫҩ޽ӽ񾳣飬بŻȻ壬ֳƷһһҹȫѹĹƣɽмҵɱš


1932 
ǧȭ
飬بźѹʱȼպ֮ѪںѪҶ磬۷аڻ£ͨ
ͻƵǵ澳磬Ҷǧȭǿһ˲ûǧȭâһ㣬档
ħ࣬
Ҷʩչǧȭ滯ħ֮յһӣӭǧȭӲֵסҶʩչĴɱС
а֣
棬ԵʵƵҶʩչǧȭʱ۷аݻգ·µĴӡץ˸ոƵҶ繥档
ۣ
ȻƷֵסаֻһǻǱаֻͷŵǿˣѪѪ߰ߡ
һа۷аӡ˵ڶа֣ץ˶ˡ
ҶҲʱѿۣ֮һƽص档
ۣ
⵽֮۹һơ
ʱ۷а۵ĵڶаץֱӽץˡ
컯ʥ䣬޸
屻ץ飬Ѫ漤Ѫת컯ʥ䣬ٵ޸Ƶ塣
ľɣ
ۿ޸˲Ҷٻ˻ľƻľɫ룬ƽƵУʥ˺ȫѪ
ľҶ磡
Ҷڰս䣬¶ľ磬ø֪кܶҪɱһľ
ԵҶٻľʱ֪ݡ
ңҶԵػӦƻľɡ
ң
ڻľ£صһ飬ڵʥ˸ԴԴϵʧоľв־ˣȡ
ĹƱȫѹƣǱ۷аȵڽڰˣ޷
գľɵ۳Ż
ľҪã
ŻľȻŻĻһָоԼܽľߣ׸̫죬Լһܵõ޷ʹͣп̤񾳡
۷а棬ѹ
ƻľһ棬Ҷ۷аȫѹ档
۷а治η˺Ĺ£ԽԽأձ۷аѹˡ
ľɣ
ʱҶƻľû꣬ƴͷ޼᲻ݵɫ룬壬Ҫƽڣʥ˺Ѫ
ͨʥȼգ
оľв⵽۷аѹȼ˱շͨʥҪͨʥڻɫ롣
ŻľϵسɳȼƷɫӲҲﵽƷͨʥںϵġ
ɫʹ͸ͨʥ澪ֵĺУƽ壬ȫ
ܿ죬ӵȨλߵ汻ľ˸ɣϵ
ľ棬۳ĿŻӦ㹻÷棬۷а̤벽ˣ
ŻľĿŻҶ¶Цݡ
ʱǰɱҶ˵ģֻʣ°벽񾳽ˡ
ȥԹɣ
Ҷ۷аɱ棬飬بŶ۷а淢͵ĹҪһɱ
ҲŲ֮Ѫ費֮Ѫ棬ϵ޸ˣ˼ս
ľѹ
Ҷ翴˳ٳ޷ɱҶƻľ˹Ҫľɱ
ݣ
ʶľĿֲһ붼û룬ʩչµûӰ㿪˵Ĺ⣬ܻľѹ
֮ѹ
˽׷˫˫ǿ֮ѹ
ǣ
֮˫ѹ£۵֮˴Ѻۣ֮Ӳѹˡ
ţ֮ݺݵѹϣµֱ֮ӽ˫ѹ˼ӲĵزС
ľɣ
ɹ˽֮ѹҶƵĻľ˹Ҫô˻Ὣɣɱ
ߣɱ±Ӱɣ
Σʱ̣û¶֮ɫһĵƣٻһɫӡǿƣ׶ߵ
ʱһģӰһǿ֮籡ѹ֮򣬲סɫ롣
̫죡
Ҷ˿ģӰʱͫ΢ɫͬʱˡ
û뵽Ȼ̫һ⻯


1933 ֲ⻯
飬بţ۷а桭˼û뵽Ȼҷ˼飡
̫⻯ӵб岿ǣһϳˣ¶֮ɫ
Ȼо飬بͻƵ벽񾳣ȴûзϣ˭İȫƿҶ˵
˵һߣǽˣ
̫⻯̤һʱռһ֮һ㣬»㼯
̫첻ųһˣ⻯Ȼʵ̫ˣ
о̫⻯Ȼӵ񾳣¶֮ɫ
ȴ¶ײеЦݣҶ˵񣬷·ڿ߱ʬ塣
񣬷棬
о̫⻯вҶ벽񾳽۷徳ķٻ˳
죬㵨ӲСұ壡
̫쿴վҶߣ벽񾳽ֻһ֮ңķ棬˵
Բ峤࣡
Ա̫컹Ҫǿֵ̫죬Ҳò¸߹ͷ­Ǹ˵
ȷʵ࣬ҾջشһУ
˵ţ̫ǿ֮򣬻һأ˷棬ҪȽɱ
򡭡
֮򡭡
̫ͷ֮Ϯ飬بţ˷ǰȫ
Ȼǰֻ̫⻯γɵ֮Ȼޱȵǿ˲˳򣬸Ǵ˼в
۷а棬죬ɱ˵
ӲʱҶ۷аɱƼأս

ҶϮ¶֮ɫסˣǿг֮Ҫ֮ɱҶˡ
֮򣡡
ֲ֮ԽԽ󣬳ſһʱҶ缤޵н壬ݻ˹˫Ľ֮ӭȥ
Ƽأǿгſֵּ֮ס֮Ĺ
ǣ
ڽ֮γɵĽ֮幥£γɵ֮˲ˣµĽ֮岻ϵع壬˳ȥȫ²˽ۡ
죬򣡡ɫ԰ûһ˿Ѫɫɴ˫ۣ񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磺ǵ澳ʵô۳򡣡
ûûĶˣܿϧûлˣ
˵ţҶ˼͵Ĺ
ƾͺֱ֮Ƶ֮ƸأѾ֧֮򣬸ֵסҶ͵ĹȵĽڽڰˡ
а֣
ҧأƷӲֵסҶͷ湥ʱ۷аӡֲа֣ݺݵӭԴ
䣡
Ѹٳ˫ƣֵаֹȻֵסа֣ȴаֱ̺۱ѣѪ
һ񣡡
ӲаʱҶ漶ڽ˷ɽУ޵н壬ƽ֮ںϣһؿڡ
ͣ
˲谵ĿռгһؽۣµĽâԳԽʮ౶ٵٶȣؿڡ
ۣ
ȫаֵҶһ񣬱ɽؿڣǱ漶֮꣬ͷŵˡ
޸
屬ѣѪ޸Ƶ壬ʱҶƻľɫ룬ƽУڵ
Ʒƣ
⵽ľɣȻ״̬еƷľɫ룬Ҫɫ
֮ѹ
Ŵɫ뱻Ʒ˺ƣҶ粻ϵؼ޵н壬γɽ֮ѹƷǵ
۷а棬Ҳʱ뵽֮УƷǿѹƷ
峤ң
Ʒϱѹ޷вľоڵԴԴʧ־ˣ
Сӣ
ǰ벽񣬵Ϊ˺պսɱʵ̫첻òҪԮ
ռڰأռ𣡡
̫ʱبǿĿռ̫֮ΧĿռ䣬塣
ռ֮µĹ֮һ̺ǿڿռ𹥻£̫⻯ˣԮٶȸܵ˼Ӱ졣
ʱֳּƷͬʱϮ̫죬ԮĻᡣ

̫챻ب˲ϧήʥ֮ԴԴʧ뵽֮С
棬۷а棬ȥæ
ɫȫƽ壬Ҷƿ棬۷аȥ˶Կ̫⻯
棬۷аʵȻǿ󣬾ͻư벽ֻһ֮ң̫⻯֮ʵ̫
̫ſǿ֮ʱȫϮķ棬۷а汻˳ȥڰ˴Ѫһ㱬


1934 ̫
棬
ûвֵ̫֮֮оƲᣬҶͻǬˡ
ʱ飬بţϮϧ۵ĳ̫⻯ҵɱ
ľɣ
Ҷ翴˵ֵ̫⻯ʮֵĳƻľϵؼӴȫ׼ɱٰǶԿ̫⻯
Щϣȥɣ
̫ŭһ֮򻯳һأײ˳ſֱӽײ˳ȥڰ˴Ѫ
۷аǱɿֲײײ壬ɢһء
̫ǿˣ벽֮ʵ̫ˣ
ˣ̫⻯ǰոջߵĺӣһδα򱬣Ҷϵ֮ɫŨ
һûжãֻҪԼõõһնɱ̫⻯
ħ࣡
ռڶ
޾ڰ
סˣ˲Ҫɱ˹̫췢
κΣ̫֮ʵ̫ˣ̫֮⻯ϵػ˵Ĺ
ƴ̫ʱľʥˣ˸ɣĿŸ̺Ļ
Ҷûκεԥ۷аһ𣬹̫졣
ۣ֮
̫죬Ҷͷѿۣ֮紩Խһ㣬̫졣
ǿ˵̫Ӷһֱۣռ䷢壬ֱӷ⡣
޵н壬޵һ
֮۱ƣҶ粻İΣ޵н壬ں漶꣬ն޵һشƣն̫졣
ߣҲҽң
̫һ֮޷Ŵ󣬴ݿ˺ſȫҶ磬Ҫնɱ߻ľ
꣡
Ҷ绯޵ն֮ʱ޵н壬֮ͬʱµĽӲ֮նһѺۡ
ţľҶ´֮
֮Ҷ޵нͽ֮ƿ˼ǿǱǿĵ⣬ֳּƷ̫죬Ҫûˡ
̫⻯ֲ̫ǿ֮ͨ޷ش
֮޸
ŽҶ磬̫ǿ޸֮ûҶ磬ǿһ
֮죡
Σʱ̣Ҷٻ콣֮콣ǿĹն̫⻯
㾹Ȼ
콣һƣо챬̫¶˲˼֮ɫܵҪ㡣
Ҷ̫ˣ޷㿪ֻ콣˺ն塣
ͣ
ն䣬ɽгһ׵Ľۣ̫⻯ǿȴֵסĹһ壬еӡҲ޹⡣
أ
Ȼն̫죬ҶҲͬһʱ⵽µӡ
ͨ޸
գ֮䣬Ҷǿʩչͨ޸˲Ƶٻľ
ľɣ
Ҷ£ľɫ룬̫⻯Уڵ
ң㻹̫Զ
ɫƽƵ壬̫ӡǣǿ޸ǿ֮ɫ롣
λٽŵҩˣȫѹ̫죡
Ŵɫ뱻̫˺ƣҶóŸü󣬵ɶʱʵĵҩˡ
ã
ûκεԥѸٷźɫҩҩ͸֧壬ǿʵѹ̫졣
ԭʼ̥۷а棬Ҳѹ̫죡
͸֧壬ϧѹ̫ʱҶٻǵ澳ԭʼ̥ص۷а棬۽֮ȫѹ
Ҷ˲ϧѹ£̫֮˵Ѻۣ˺ɫٶԽԽ
죬ն
ҶһĶã޽ߵĵڽ콣У콣ն̫졣
ȻҶӵк֮Ѫǵ澳ʵǳ˾޴ѹ塣
ʱ˿̣Ҳ˲ôˣնɱ̫⻯ǵȴǵĽ
ͣ
ն䣬֮飬̫֧һαն
ȫѹ
̫һΪʱҶ˷ֱѹ̫֮һӣиϵ޸Ļᡣ
Ҷƴȫѹ£⻯еӡԽԽҰձľ̴ӡ
ǿӡ飬̫⻯޵ֿ֮ձľˣΪ˳ңƮɢˡ


1935 ¶Ŀ
ڻɱ̫⻯
ŻΪ⻯Ҷ糤һµ˵
һսνԣӵ콣Ҷ˸ûŤתƵĻᣬҲʶһ̫Ŀֲ
Ƶһ⻯ʵıεȿֲҶ粻
Ż
棬۷аأ˸͸֧壬ʱ޷սҶ˵ջȴޱȵķ
ջƷԪ洸ڤ湴ľͨ˻ʮĿŻǻľ̫⻯Żޱȵ󣬹ʵ̺⡣
죬۷а棬⼫ƷԪ洸ڤ湴ԼŻ͸ǣ
ҶûģɱõƷԼ̺Ļֱ͸˷۷а棬ǿǵĹ
ţҶó̺Ļ͸ˣǲ͸̫ͻļʡ
磬㣬ƵȸǰŻ͸ǣҶֱַ͸Ż
ˣǬмɣȡͻƣ
սƷҶһ̺Ļһƣ뿪Ǭ˽ɽȵʮϹ죬ԼٶԶȥ
ҶʧʤųޱߵȺɽ֮ʱʤųһı֮󴫵ʤųǶ뵽У·һ㡣
˻ʶǿƣʵĳ̶ȣһ̫ⳡ֮ս
˻ʵȻնɱ̶ֲ̫̫̫ܵͬȵĴˣ׷״Ÿ֣뿪ʤųǣظԵˡ

λԵһƬ˼̤ĵط
˵꣬һƬʥأˮ飬׸Եһĵط
Ϲʱڣнһ֮ս˺е飬һƬ֮и֮ɢĻεв񼶸֡
ټϺпռ쳣Ը̤
ҲҪȥ
仯òıϢҶ磬߳ռ涴ʱһɫӹյİ͹£ͿױپµŮӣ޳˫ȣߵҶߣʵ
ţ
Ҷ翴һۣڷϣӽԼĺŮӣ˵ͷ
ҲȥǽаɣŮ¶һ˿˵ЦݣգŴ۾Ҷ磬Ҫ
ã
ҶؿһۺŮӣûоܾȥ
Խ¶ԽͣҶĸ֪ڿиоһϢ˳ëףȥʴ
Ҷʵεȵǿתһɢڵȥ
ߵĺŮӣ·ҲӰ죬ٶȲĸҶߡ
ˣ֪ʲô
ӽʱŮҶ磬ѯʵıпԿҶȤ
糾
Ҷһ֡
糾ȥʲôһȥɣ֪Ҷ֣Ůӷ·ʮֿģ˻ϻӼʵ
ȥ
ҶŤͷһƵ٣̺ʵ
ȻȻȥʲôŮĿ˸һµ
һΪȥʲôأҶЦЦ۽Ǽ΢һµĺŮӣȥ
䣡
Ҷغˮʯ͸ҰĹߣҶ翴ԶѹѹһƬ߼ʡ
糾˵ҹΣգڰϢһҹڶһԵźһƬ̲δ֪յŮ
ԣǾϢһҹɡ
Ҷ˵ͷӦϥϸĺ̲ϣصϢ
һṦһ˴ߵԶԶƮҶ۾ŮӲ֪Ӻδһ㣬֧ӷ
糾Ҳ˰ɣԵɣҶ۾Ů¶ЦݵƤֻУԲ
ˣҲ
ŹڵϣСƨɣ̬˵ĺŮӣҶ粻Ϊֱ۾
糾֪˫ް𣿡
ҶľܾδúŮйſĽƵ⣬Ҷߣʵ
ʲôҶ۾źŮӾµɫƽʵ
û˫ް£ҸΣŮ¶һ˿˵Цݣջ˵
ҲϲĻ滣Ҷҡҡͷ˵
㡭
Ůû뵽Ҷ˵ôʱ
ô˵ĲԣǱ˵˼߳ŭҶЦЦ˵ʵĲӦңΪң͵ɡ
㣬⻰ʲô˼Ůӹ򶨵ʵ
ˣҪϷˣĻѾˣҶҡҡͷԶһԶģӰ¶Ŀɡ


1936 
㣬Ϳң
ŮѸٺŵؿҶ
Ůһ澳ܣһ뻯ܿĻ󣬿
ҽռ涴ʱѾˣҶ絭˵ֻǺɻôҵġ
ñشģһϮɫۣųڣ͸ǿռĽ̤źҹˣԳŮˣϤԳһַӡǡ
ԭҶ¶ЦݵҲ͸Գһɡ
˵ţŮӵ͸˴ĶߣƵƤۿɼٶȿٵظɱ̱ڵϡ
¶ˣŮƴѹڵľ綾ȴѹƲס¶˾֮ɫ㲻Ҫ⣬Ҳ¶ˣ㲻ҽҩҺͬھ
ѵûиʲô𣿡
ӵлľҶ粻κξ綾ŮӸҶʩӵľ綾ͱľˡ

ĿǰһĻŭˣһ⣬Ҷ硣
ٶȹھ磬Ը֪£ҶǰԤУ̤㵽֮⣬㿪˽Ĺ
Ҷ磬ҲŹ㣡
ȫƤʼãʳѪĺŮӾˣʹĴ
ʲôף
ڵˣҶӲ飬ָһ㣬֯һĽâ˺Ůӣֱӽ꣬ɢ
Ҷ磬
ҶԳŮˣȫŭ˽棬ŭһһԽɫĳƳ壬ٵȶ쫷磬Ҷ硣
Ѫȼգ޵н壡
ϮҶȼ˺Ѫ仯ǿ޵н壬һ޵񽣣֯Ĵ漶ͼն˽档
ҶȻ֮вԽʵ࣬޵нĹֲ̫ټ漶һն䣬ֱƿ˿ռ䣬һ貵ӣն˽档
䣡
ҶնĽâ˫佻֯ײһڰм޾Ļ𻨡
ţ㾹Ȼֵס˱Ĺ
¶֮ɫ⾳ԶԶԼҶ磬ȻԼĹ
ԭʼ̥
Ӳ棬Ҷ类ѪоԼʵܻ۷壬Ҷǵ澳ԭʼ̥ٻ˳
飬̫⻯һսأҶ粢ûдˡ
ǵ澳ԭʼ̥СӣԽԽҾˣ㵨ƻ̫峤ļƻ
˵ţ仯ǿս̬ʵҲԽ漫£ﵽ˰벽񾳽硣
֮򣡡
ǿ֮򣬽Ҷ棬Ҫ֮Ҷɱ
ߣ֮ɱң
Ҷһ˽ֱ֮ӷ֮ѹƿһء
ôģɴ˫ۿҶ磬з·𿴵˹
ԭʼ̥ɱ
Ҷԭʼֳ̥̣ħɱ֮У档
Ͳʲôϵ
Ųԭʼ̥УɫԽ
ķϻǲ̫ˣ
Ҷһ̶ݻ֮ȫ֮֮ԭʼ̥Ӱ졣
䣡
ԭʼֳ̥Ʒ£ǰĿռ䲻ϵ飬ʵֲ̫ͷļ޽ڣĹͷֵƷĹ
ԭʼ̥漤սҶȴٳδ죬½ٶ̫죬콣ʧܣ͵Ϯˡ
֮򣬸ײ
ǿʵͼ޽ڵƵƵԭʼ̥ʱҶƽ֮͵ײ֮
䣡
ײһйֱһռ䡣
ݿռԭʼ̥ȴһ˿Ӱ죬ֳ̺ͺħ̼Ž档
ٶȣ
ס֮飬ķ滯˱壬ٶ£㿪ԭʼ̥ĹҶ硣
ǧȭ
ݵԲ׽Ĺ켣ҶǧŻȭâ˽棬һſ̺ڽȭâһ㣬Ž塣
͸
⵽ǧȭû㣬һ޽⣬͸һſŻȭâƽҶ塣
ľ
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫֮ľٻ˳ǰѿ˶ͷϵۣ֮Ϥ˽塣
ڼ޽£Ĺֲ̫һϵܼײУⱻƣݺݵײڲϱĻľϣǿҶ壬Ѫʹ಻ѡ
ʩչٶȽҶˣԭʼ̥۷ԮκΣٶ̫죬ԭʼ̥Ĺ޷մ壬һδιһδա
ҶԥҪҪٻǿйʱͻȻоǬӿһǿϢ
ҶΣʱͻ˾̤뵽˰벽񾳡


1937 ۷аĿֲ
۷аͻƵ벽񾳽ˣ
о۷аʵʵķԾҶٻ˳Կ档
ţ벽а񣡡
о벽аʵɫһȫǣֳּ޽ǹ۷а档
滯һϮ벽аٻƷԪ洸ӭȥ
ͣ
ؿռļ޽ǹ̴˰벽а壬벽аеĹԪ洸Ҳͬһ˽塣
ڼ޽ڵ£Ԫ洸ýˣȴɲĹԪ洸˵棬ҳһӡ
ɨһҴĽ棬벽а֮Ѫ޸޽ǹ塣
Ԫ洸̫ϳϵĹԪ洸ôϣ
ΪǱĽ棬ɳĵؿӣŰ벽аеĹԪ洸Ժһ˼ͷ
ɱˣļƷȻУҶû˵
ܣ̫ϳǰ벽ôܱɱҶĻ
ôɱһ𾪣ҶЦЦ˵˵̫⻯ˣ᲻
СӣſڴƻƣǲĹģ̫ڽУȻҲ᳼ԽţҶʵɱ̫⻯
뿪ȥ̫죬Ҳϣ
ҶЦЦԭʼ̥벽аһ𹥻˽棬ڰмҵɱ
֮ն
棬Ҷ˽֮򣬿ƽ֮򲻶ϵۣһƥеĽնն˽档
ڽ֮򣬻һſռУӲ֮նʱ벽аԭʼ̥һһҹ˽棬罣Ľɫ˼ҵײ
һе˾޴ѹò޽ڵһʵԵٶȣӲҶ˵Ĺ
а򣡡
˲ûٶȲӰʱ벽аǿа˲˽ûٶȲӰʩӾ޴ѹ
ֵĽ֮Ϊѣ벽аγɵа򹥻ܵѹ
ȫİɫëϱ飬ĹǱѹƣ޷Ҷ繹в
ণӰ
Ʊѹƣ淢ǿѪ˲ûӰҶ˼ҵɱ
ľƣ
Ҷ罫ľٻ˳ƻľҡҷɫڣռ䣬ϵطһѧļӰ
Ҷ֮ʵ̫󣬻ľÿһӰҶܾ޴ѹһڿѪܿƵ
Сӣȥɣ
ŲѪҶ磬ͻȻ٣廯һ⣬Լٶ˺ԭʼ̥Ͱ벽аĹҶ緢һ
ɱң㻹
ԽԽҶȴû㣬ۿ淢һҶ壬ٻ죬֮
ˣ
֮£һµһɺԶϵ콣ӿռ䷢飬ýᵽΣϢ
⣬㾹Ȼӵ
о͸ĻĲܵҪ㡣
ٶ̫ˣҾҶ̫Ҫʱֻȫӭ
֮Ѫȼգ޽ǿ
㲻һ治òȼձ֮Ѫ̶ȼ޽ڣӲʵ񾳽硣
輫޽ڣԽ񾳵˲䣬ں˽֮޵н壬漶꣬ԼҶȫն˻صһն˽档
꣡
޵һһ֮޽˵ѺۣµĽֱµӣݺݵغ˽ϣֱӽˡ
֮Ѫ޸
泼̫죬õ̫ʹ͵Ĳ֮Ѫ費֮Ѫǿǿ޸塣
ֲ̫漸ĵȫĲ֮Ѫǿ޸֧壬ȼǿѪֵԶȥ
ҶܵǿͬѺۣ棬ֻˡ
ߣ
Ҷ粻֪Ƿ۷ܣԼǬˣð벽аǬ뵽УѰߡ
Ҷһ˽ûãһɸӿֲϢˡ
ٶԶԳһ澳֮ܳ⡣
걻ĺŮʬʱ۾ʱѪɫ˷ŭСӣģһ꣬㡣


1938 ߣϣ
ţöĻ꣡
ҶһޱļƷͨʥʮʱٿռеϢһʱ䣬ƣ뿪ǬīŨŨУεŴĻꡣ
еĻһ˵ǾجμĴڣһ׶༪٣˵ȴõĲҩ
ľԽԽңҶ缱ҪԼɻԣԿư벽ܣӦʱֵ鷳
ԣɣ
ҶٻԣԻһֿռڶͷųǿſĻꡣ
ߵʲôطأ
Ҷ粢֪ߵ׼ȷλãҪޱߵҵ߲ס
ˣӡǣ
˼һᣬҶ뵽ͨ忼ˣµӡǣҲͨӡǣԸӦߵλá
뵽Ҷ۾ӡǻӡǵӦߵλá
ûӦ
Ҷ缤ӡǸӦһᣬȴȻûջ񣬲٣һ߿Ļ꣬һѰߡ
ʱһȥܿ죬һ¹ȥˡ
һУ˲֪Ļ꣬ѳ˴ϸ
ԽԽǿҪҲԽԽ࣬ƵĻ꣬Ȼûнļ
ţǰϢ
Ҷײٴʱһ֪ٺĺвϢ飬һĵһ顣
ಣ
ҶͻȻ٣˺źɫĺˮû뵽׵ĺУԸӦϢȥ
ţʲô
ɵײҶ翴һ緿һ޴ıǣڱУһǿϢ
ˣⱴˣ
ݵԣ͸޴ıǣ͸ʱҶķ֣оȻϢ
ôһˣ
źģҶ˾޴ıУǧڽӲ˾޴󱴿ǣһֻаӣ˫뱴ںһĲס
㣬˭
оһſ¹ʯӳ⣬׻˫߿ǵҶ磬ʵ
ֻһ·ˣûж⣡Ҷ翴Ϣǿߣ˵ֻҪһط
·ˣҶһ۵ϷѾˣûмˡ
㲻ҪκεˣһжˣѾûлԵˣҡҡͷ
ѰҴԵһߵĵط֪֪Ǹط𣿡Ҷ翪ʵ
ߣͫ΢ҶѵҲĴߡ
ôҲǣ߳Ծı飬ҶЩ˵
Ҳ֪ʵʵΣҷȰһ䣬Ҫȥߣȥ˾ͻزˣ̾Ϣһ˵
ΪΣѵߺΣգҶĸʵ
Ҳ֪еΣճ̶ȺεȵĿֲ֪ߵˣδ˻ų뵽ػ
һҲûгҶüͷһƣе𾪡
һҲûУߵ˵ͷӹɵ˵㲻ǲҪȥߡ
£ڱУ֪ߵλãһ񱨣
Ҷ֪ԽյĵطԽŴԵһŵ
񱨣ҵ۾͸˵⡣
ҿ͸һľ͸һżƷͨʥһս뿪Ҷ˵
Ȼӵô౦ΪʲôһҪȥߣҪ֪Уʮа˾޷Ż߰סĵļѵ
İɣҶԼģҶ˵
ðɣȻִҪȥߣҾͽߵλø㣬ϣܻų
˵ţ뵽ػУߵλøҶ硣
л
סߵλãҶһޱľһżƷͨʥһҷǿս˳͸ߡ
ףˣϣǻټһ죡
Ҷ͸ҲͲסĵļֱû뵽ľС
ǱߣҶװ߸֪·ߣ߷ȥ
Լʱ䣬ҶͻȻоеӡǲһĪĸӦһϲͨӦ߷ȥ
ܿ죬Ҷ緢ǰһ첻֪ٺ֮ڰĺͨӡҶȷռе߾֮С
ţþ
뺣Ҷ緢ֺгǿĻþ֮ϵԻ
Ҷ罫֮ͼ磬ӻþʴܿ˺һ֣ҹΪһĿռڣڿռԣɢŲʬǡ
ЩʬǵЩʯڸ塣
ߣҵˣ
źɫĿռڣҶûκԥһһҵķɼû뵽˿ռڡ
ռڵ˲䣬ϵӡǹʧˡ
ǿĿռѹ
û뵽ռڣҶо˷ӿηĿռϵؼѹ塣
Ҷ޵н壬潣ռѹ޷һ˿Ӱ졣
ԽԽǿĿռѹҶ粻ϵؼٷУܿ촩Խ˿ռͨ뵽ռеС


1939 ߣ£
񣡡
ߣӡҶһޱȸߴ͸ʥϢǰһң죬
Ҷ翿ʮɸߵʱͻȻ˽յ˫ʵʵ⣬Ҷ硣
ˣµĴˣϣͨ飡ͻȻſͣ˻޷ͨ飬ôܻԶ
ͨ飬Ҫ
Ҷ֪Ϊʲô˵δ˻뿪ˡ
ܲй¶ȥҪôͨ뿪ҪôԶ뿪ƺˣڿԺú׼£׼ˣͿԽпˡ
׼ھͿʼɣ
ȻҶ粻Ŀ飬ԼʵţԼһ˳ͨ顣
ƣܽƹܽ޷סûӿһɿֲϢһ˿˵
ãɣ
Ҷ˵ͷη˵
Сˣ
һ߸̧緿ӰСƣҶӡһƣױȵѹȸУŤſռ䣬ѹҶ硣
ӡӡѹȶҶ粻ܣ̧ӭȥ
䣡
ӰСӡҶ߸̧ʱҵĲһ£鲣һˡ
һ֮ӡ˵ڶƣŸӿֲӡҶ硣
ӡâȻֲвһ񼶸֣Ҷ˵ȴвԣҶסȭͷӡâһȭǧڽֱӽڶâˡ
һƣ
˫صǰӡҶ硣
һӡ䣬ؿռ䶼Ť̶ڶ
Ҳһȭ
Ҷ糤Хһ߸ߵԾ𣬳ӡصâһȭµȭâǣݿ˫ӡâݺݵغϣ˲䱬ڽֱӽ
ôǵһ˵ˣҲͨռ飬뿪
ŴԤϵҶ磬۾б⣬͸һ˿ڴ֮ɫ
ǰǷԽˣҶЦЦ˵
Ȼԣ˵ͷˡ
˵꣬˵·뵽˯С
һϢҶ̤ŹϵĽݣһ߽С
ƿϵʱһɻϢӿγǿ塣
ǣ֮·
߽Ҷ緢ǰһֱĴ½½Ƶ̵ɣͨ
ˣ
̤֮·ҶоµĵһƥĽѱٶȷҶ塣
֮·۵ĽâȻǿ󣬵ȴ޷Ҷ繹вϵػӶֱۣǰγֲĲռ䣬ϽһϮĽâ顣
ž룬֮·ӿĽâԽԽ࣬ϵӻǰеٶȡ
޵н壡
ۿǰҫۻҵĽâҶ缤ǿ޵н壬޵н֮·
ܵ޵нӰ죬֮·֮·񽣣˽оٹһֱڰУ·Ҷо֮
ɨһֱ񽣣Ҷ΢΢һЦ̤գһȥ
߹Ŀռ䣬еȫֱС
ܿ죬Ҷη֮·ͷϰͷףĿݣϥߡ
ɱǣԼǰ
˫ȫҶ磬˵
ĴߣҶԼµǶ˵ݡ
ǱĴߣߵ˵ͷѾܹ˼įֻǽѡ
ΪβԼֻɱҶ粻ʵ
ûõģǿʧܺ󣬾ĹԼ޷ɱԼɱģֻܱµĴɱҡҡͷ͸һ˿ŭ֮ɫ
û뵽ռеػȹ򣡡ҶֹԼ£ƱӿѶȡ
ˣҪϻˣɱǰɣ
˵ţԼ׷ߣֳҶ緢͵Ĺ
ðɣǾֻذɣ
Ҷһ̤漶ӳĻ꺣ڰлһâǶ˵Ĺһһڰ׷׹ֻء
漶꣡Ҷٻ漶꣬ʣµ۾ôһ˿ͨĻᡣ
˵ţȼǿѪ֮սݵ£еںһ𣬱űͷնҶ硣
ռУ־ڱصã
ҶԵػӦ漶ն䣬׷նˡ
ǿƻɱˣҶһӳ֮·


1940 ֮·
һ񣡡
ҶַһȻԶû󣬵͸ϢȴԶԶسӵа벽澳
ߣ֮ͨ·츳Ŀ飬Զ֮·ֲҪ׼ͻȻ˽յ˫Ҷ磬һ˿˵
˵ţ󣬳һǿ֮·ǿ֮·Уһ
֮·̫ķĹ·һ񣬾Ϳɹأʧ߽Զ֮·У
УΪУвٴս֮·֮·Уǣ㻹⵽ǵս
˴ߣú׼£Խ֮·ˣϣͨ飡
˵ţ˵ָֻس˯С
֮·
ȻҶʵǿ󣬵ȴûսϥ֮·⣬ĬĬصϢ״̬ѡ
ʱսˣ
״̬Ҷ糤һվ̤֮ͨңԶǿյĹ·
Ҷ̤ǿ֮·˲䣬ǰӳ޾ǹ⣬һʮɸߣ͸ŹϢǰ
Ҷ羲עʱվͻȻ˽յ˫â
һ̣гһʮɳʯŻ֮նҶ硣
漶꣬ƣ
ɲʯϮҶٻ漶ӭȥ
漶ں潣ȼƷӲһǣеʯˣ漶ֱû뵽УµĽֱӽʮɸߵˡ
أ
һҶһͳԶǿͻȻֳ˵ڶ
֮·еޱȵļӲǿ£ڶǵ棬漶Ҷ˵ȴûһΣտԡ
漶깥£һˣ޷ֹҶǰеĽŲ
ܿ죬Ҷʮڵʮ¿һͷѩףϯض·뵽˯Уûһ˿Ϣߡ
񣡡
ԸӦ£ҶвϢ²Ӧһܡ
𣡡
Ҷ̤žȵزʱһ춯صһֻ޴Ӱֳ壬Ҷ
䡣
ž޴ӰҶûһ˿仯һ̤漶ӳĻ꺣ڰһؽۣһնӰ޷Ӧ롣
˲䣬Ҷؿ΢һ£Ȼ˵ǽѡ
һնɱߣҶ漶ֽʵ񾳼µɱˡ
ʮʵʹﵽ񾳼£Ǻ񲻴ﵽ澳Ҷ翴ͨңԶǿյ֮·ʵ񲢲ǿ嵽أ
Ҷо崫еռܾ򵥣ǿҵĺģս֮·һֲ
ҶУ崫пʱов壬尵нˣصʥص˻ʣʶ̫Ŀֲѡ˱չأ߾磬Ӧв
Ϲʥأ̫ط
̫峤Ҷĵʵ̫ˣδס峤𷣣
һ峤ƽʱֺһĽ棬һɫŷ£ֵ̿˵
һ峤¼񾳽ԳȻû¹򣬵ȴӴѹüͣĶͷð˿ſź顣
ⲻǣҶӵ벽񱣻ҵ⻯նˣǲʵɫۣռںһʵʵݵ̫˵
̫峤һ䣬Ҷ絽ʲôʵ
Ѳ£̫컺˵ӵлľҶ˾ݣ˵˭ĺˡ
Ҷ޼ѵǵһɢҶ޼ĺˣͫһ뵽һµ֡
ӦҶ޼ĺˣ̫˵ͷҶ޼򵥣ԿСˣһҶɳƱسΪͷ󻼡
ңǴʲôط׷Ҷ磡
⣡ֵ̿˵
ʲôѵлδĴԵɣ̫оҶԵ޹ܵǧȥͼ
ˣз𣿡
ûУ˼ˣһֱδټ棬Գҡҡͷ
⻯ǣҵ⻯Ѱҷ䣬ϧһд۽ҵʺ֮Ĺ׼ȷλã̫콫öķѼѪƵ⻯ʹ͸˽˵Ҷ磬ͽˣ
ǣ̫峤
潫̫⻯սУ뿪˸ǼѹϹǰ׷ɱδѵķ


1941 ֮·
ھʮˣ
Ҷ糤һŻĵھʮʵ൱һǵ澳̤žȵز˵ھʮ
ȻԽԽǿȻ޷ֹҶǰеĽŲһ·ɱٽ֮·ľͷ
ţߣ
ߵھʮ£Ҷ翴׷ԲԣԲͬһŮϥ¡
֮·£ϰ·ͷ绯¶ӣ̫ˣŮȫǲӣرΣҶֻһ۾ͲԸ࿴ˡ
ɱɱɱ
һҶ磬ͱįĥ˵Ĵͬʱ۾ͷųɱҶ硣
һ澳ܣ
о˵ʵҶ粻ɵǵˣǵʵһĺܾʡ

Ҷһ̤γµĽͼĽۿɼٶȷȥ˵Ĺ
һ̣Ҷռ֮ӿĴԪն׹䷲£նˣֱӽն˳ȥ
ǵ棡
оҶʵ˿˽ѵϣ߹Լ£׷ȼǿѪ֮ҪҶ緢
ֻɣ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ˱ҵһ澳ܣ漶նһյĺɫâ粻ϱĿռѺֱۣӽ˵ˣǵ
ƣ
ɱˣҶ漶ͷһʮɳ޾ľ޽ն˵ھʮ񣬲ֱӽ᲻ɴݵ롣
ʣʮ񣬾֮ͨ·
Ҷһھʮȥ
ʮߣʮˣʮţһ١
ҶһʱиоԼ
ǵ澳£ϥ֮·µĴߡ
Ҷĵǣ߹ʹ£ǼȫȫǿĹҶ緢͵Ĺ
һ񣡡
澳ϮҶٻ˷ħŷħһʯ̻ƣ̳˶֮⻪޵һ
ͣ
һռ䱻һ˺һ޴ȱڣ澳ܺĹֱӱ֮飬ǵ壬Ǳ֮ն
Ҷһɱ澳ܣ˵һͭ۾ֳһޱȾ޴شնһɽҶ硣
ɽشҶ̤ǰһǧڽ뵽ȭУһȭȥ
䣡
ȭͷشײһ𣬳ǧڽĹ뵽شУֱӽɽشˣʮɸߵڽڵİˡ
ӡ
һȭҶ˫ֿٵᣬһö·̺ǳĴӡݺݵغھ޴ϣˡ
а񣡡
ȻҶʵǿк֮Ѫսľܴͬһ֮·ľͷ̤ųصĲһ˹ȥ
䣡
ı֮·
ߵҶսԽ󣬲֮·е񣬻ԱҶȼպ֮Ѫ仯޵н塣
һһһһ
Ҷֳַħһ·ɱ¾ϵػɱ֮·޷뿪Ĵߣǿޱȵһ񣬵һ⡣
ţƯŮӣ
Ҷ۾һһɫϥһѩɫȹںڳɢ˫磬ķ͸ŵŮӡ
ȻҶƯŮӣŮʱǳ˶ݵʧ
һ̣ݵԣŮв˷ӡħħ֮ǿƴﵽǵ档
ħˣ
ҶħһûкøУоŮڵħ֮ģ̤ųصĲһ˹ȥ
ߵϥԭأһİȹŮǰʱŮѩɫĳȹͻȻ
ţѩ׳ȹ¶˼ѩ覴õ塣
ŲΡΡ˫ǹ£ɢŵĹâӯӯһյŵβȸҩһҶ
ҶĿֶʧʱŮͻȻ˽յ˫ּǧĺɫ룬ĹҶ硣
Ů⴦Ļǵһٶȼ죬쵽ĿϾӣӦ
ҶƷף޾ȹ
һܼϮĺɫ뱻ȫֵסˣû˺Ҷֺ
ս
ŸֳҶ壬ǶףͷǿսŮɫʱˡ
Ҫ֪ս綼ʮϡ٣ֻһЩӵУÿһļֵǲ
ƲҶ翴Żʧɫ¶˴Ůӵ֪ߵĹʲôˣɱңӦӵжսռеĻɡ
ɱ㣬ҿٴսռУʵͼϣõռ뿪طȻĽ屩¶ҶǰŮȴûŤ֮ɫ󷽵ĳϵ
ͷҶ翴ƯŮӵܿϧ̫ˡ
˵ţҶٻ֮ĹȫƯŮӡ
ͣ
ƯŮӵĹƣǱ֮
һƲնһϡ
أ
һˣµ֮·ľͷ뿪ĳڡ


1942 
ϲ㴫ߣǵʮλ֮·ˣϣͨյĿ飬õռ
Ҷ֮·ʱ
ʮˣһСս
ҶһûһӰԽ˿ռڣһصĿռУ˵
ߣʵܲ飬Σգ
Уʵᱻѹƣ˵ľҪô൱Ҫôǿ󡣶Уֻƾýκε񿪿ڣ˳
ѹƾ磬ö
Ҷû뵽˵Ŀ̣ӵк֮Ѫ޵н壬۳漶꣬ٲȻ㲻ҲܷӼƷ֮
ˣھʱԽȥս
˵֮꣬һռڣһӿ

Ҷһϥ˿ռУ״ָ̬ĵ׼ѵ״̬ս顣
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ʱϢҶ罫״̬ѣվ뵽ռС
ǿѹ
ռ䣬ҶܵһǿѹԼӲľѹƵǵ۷塣
ѹ磬оر
Ҷ粢һĶǵ棬ĵ൱ǵ棬ռУȴӲѹ磬Ծѡ
Ȼѹƣ֮ѪǿȴӰ죬Ҷķ֣Լı֮ľҲռƣȫٻ
Ҷ羲վԭأ۾ĬĬӦһµѹ˳ſռΨһһ·ռ価ͷȥ
ţҶ緢ǰһͷѩף˫ֱʹԴûһ˿Ϣ·һߡ
ǵ£
ҶԸӦһ£ְ׷ڷӡһǿ澳ܡܵռѹԼһ޷ǿʵ
Ҷ̤žȵزߵǰ״ʱͻȻ̧Դǵб޾Ľ⣬͸Ҷ硣
÷񣡡
Ҷһͻû뵽ߵ˵ϬԼһֱĸо
ˣ
һ̶Ľ
ڸյеƤʲһǿĽ֮ڽ˳
ңɼǰʧߣ
׷߷Įһ쳣ﵽƷͨʥȼĳɳƤʣڰн֯һĽӰҶ硣
ܼĽӰϮҶ̤һһȭ
ǧڽ˳ҶȭͷбϮһϮĽӰ˼ƷͨʥУµ㽫۶ϡ
ˮϫ
ʶҶһȭ֮׷˫б޾ĹâȫѪȫȼգ߶ǿĽʩչյǿйҶ硣
ʱİ׷ߣ绯һƬȲϢĳϫһظ߹һصĽӰգҶ硣
鲫ȭ
׷ݻˮϫϮҶԲɱĻȭâſˮϫ
䣡
ǿĹײһ𣬱춯صƻռ䷢ѣɽϯҰ
Ԫն
Ҷ鲫ȭӲ˺ƿˮϫʱҶǿĿռ֮ԼͷγԪնն˰׷ߣ޷ȫ㡣
ռ籩
׷߽̤Ĳ㿪ĴԪնʱҶʩչؿռγ˿µĿռ籩ֱӽİ׷ϯ棬ƻ
㾹Ȼſռر仯
ռڿռ籩У׷ߵϷѣƴȫżѵ˺ѿռ籩Ǳ˳
ˣ
׷ǱʱҶͻȻʱ䣬һҵķɼڰ׷ǰؿںһȭ
䣡
׷һҶһȭƿؿڸǱһȭ罦Ѫصصڵϡ
ʱҶֺ˵ڶȭһȭԴɱ
ɱ˰׷ߣҶ£մȾŴѪļƷͨʥ˳·ǰС
һǧಽҶͻȻͣǰһ٣ڹ֮£ϥɫսֳַûһ˿仯ӡ
ܣ
սӣҶϳƵǿܣǵսƴﵽ˰֮˾类ѹƵҶ硣
ѶȹȻС
뵽ܵķҶҲеһ˿֡


1943 Ҷ磬޵
ɣҿǵķﵽ˺εˮ׼
ҶһֳּƷͨʥ澳Ľܡ
оҶ翿ͬʱ۾Ĺɳ콣бֱ̲񷡣
꣡
Ҷ͵طеļƷͨʥ漶ڽ˶ѵ齣Уܡ
齣Ϯû㣬ֳڳӭȥ
ͣ
һܵ壬ں漶齣ƣ˵ۡ
Ʒȼ
µĽۣҶ֪̽ǵķ
һ̣Ҷûеʱ䣬ȫĽ֮仯ǿ޵н壬漶ںϡ
ɱɱɱ
Ҷ绯޵нʱϮֳּӲĺɫնҶ硣
֮ƣ
ܽҶ缤˽ֱ֮ӽ֮С
ǣ
ڽ֮򹥻£սϵ飬ǿƷ壬Ҳһ֮
ʮʵǿ󣬷˵ĽˣһصƬɢһء
ǿƻɱܣҶ̤һµĽ֮򻯳һͨ쳹ص񽣣һĻǰС
û߶ԶҶǿĽ
ڽ֮򹥻£һǿĽܸ޷ֹҶǰеĽŲܿ죬ɱ޵еףһ޴ʯס
ʯ
ű⻬ûһּڸʯҶûκԥ˹ȥ
໣
Ҷ翿ʯµĸͻȻѿѪڣҶ緢һµХ
⻬羵ʯҲһֳ̣Ĺ֣γһƪµĹھҶ硣
޵н壬ն
ʯͬʱϮҶն޵һ
һնﲻƵĽηµĽâƲ׺˺ſռ䣬һƵʯ͸Ĺն˾޴ʯϡ
꣡
Ҷ޵нһʯѿ˵Ѻֱۣ쵽µĸնˡ
ͨԽţ
Ҷ߸Ծ𣬽ȫ㼯ҽУѵʯ̤һţھ֮Ĵӡֱӽʯ̤ˡ
һ̤ʯҶûм٣ǰС
ߣĺܲͨٶǳϣ
ҶǧһߴɣʨͷսֳһͷĴֿס
һǵ漫µĽܣ
оǰսӵʵҶȻûжٱ仯
Ȼǵٲ£սʤһǵ棬ӵ޵н壬Ž֮Ҷ˵ȴѡ
ΣҶûн轣ֱ֮ӴݿսӣԵȥ
ҪսӣúĥһԼΪǵ澳磬Ϊʵ
䣡
Ҷ罫ǧڽսӼҵɱ
սеͷȻȼȴƲ޵нķ
鲫ȭ
սȻ׶ΣҶʩչǿĲȭϷսӵĹвɱһδνӲ˳ȥ
ȼգ
ҶɣսӴȼǿսֳͷҶ缤ҵɱ
ս޷ƿҶ޵н塣
Ӳ壬ȴ漶겻ϵնѣһݺύѺۡ

սӽȫȼյ£˫ֽͷԿٵ֮ƣնҶ硣
ʮʱ٣
µƽâϮҶͻȻӿʮٶȣ˲㣬㿪սɱһԣǧڽ塣
սӷˣȴȻֵסҶ粻Ϻȭâټ漶ĹϵսҲܲסˡ
սԽˣ
Ҷûٵʱ䣬һ̤֮ſһƥеĽâһռ䣬ս飬½ս룬
ǿƻɱһǵ澳սӣҶûмǰУϥԭأĬĬصϢָ״̬
ʱƣ޵н彥ʧոսһսԵʵ˼֡
Լʱ䣬Ҷ״̬˳Ź·ռȥ
ţûп𣿡
Σ첽ʮ򲽣ûһߣĸ⡣
ţͻȻǰһޱȾ޴ʯͷסȥ·ʯͷʱʯͷиоһǿϢ
ʯ֣
Ҷüͷһƣӵʻʯͷ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾռеУȻ˱Ӧʯ֡


1944 ʯ
µսˣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
Ҷž޴ʯͷʱһ˻Ƶʯͷ𣬿µռ䶼
ģһһϲģ
Ȼǰʯֺǿƶʯ棬Ҷ˵Ȼûжս
ϣʵĻһǿ
޴ʯͷĴЦʯͷŤձһޱǿ׳ߴֳ˫ʯʯͷˡ
ˣҽʯʯĵһţˣһҪסҵ֣ʯҶ绹ҪΨҶ˵
ʯֲܿϧϾͱʯˣҶЦЦʾ˵
Ǿҿλң
˵ţʯбǿʯͷɵϵط仯µѹȸϢ
¡¡
ʯһȭռ䷢˾ҵĲµؿҶȭͷײһ
Эȭͷһײͬʱйֲܼ
ŵŵţ
ӲʯһȭҶһһȭýڽڵİˣֱ۸ǳصС

Ҷüͷ΢΢һû뵽ʯȻ˵Ŀֲ˴ɵħ
СӣǲûԷ
һȭҶ磬ʯӵţ˵
Ѫȼգ
Ҷͫһȼ˺Ѫ˲ѹָ˶ǵ澳ʵǳԽڽ
ʱʯӶͭȭͷٴ˹ҪԵһٻҶ硣
䣡
Ҷʯȭͷڶײһ
ΣҶʯһ˿ĸߴһƶСɽʯȴҶһȭ˳ȥˤǧȭӲȭͷ˵Ѻۡ
⣬ôܣôô죡
ʯɴ۾񿴹һ㿴Ҷ磬ţոջԼѹƵҶ磬գ֮ʵԶԶسԽԼ
ôͳԾˣҶЦЦ˵ļʶδ̫һЩ
˵ţҶЯڽʯ͵Ĺڹ·ϼҵɱ
Ҷս󣬱ʯϵؼǱսҶ͵Ĺ
ҶȫѹսֵסҶ͵Ĺȭͷһδκ˳ȥ
ʯķħǿҧؿ֧š
ҵҪֵܵҼȭ
Ҷ翴ƴʯڽϵˮĹ
ȼգ
սһʱ䣬ʯֵסҶ͵Ĺòȼǿ֮Ҷ硣
鲫ȭ
ʯȼսǣȻ޷Ťתľ棬ʱҶ翪ʼʩչǿͨһԲɱȭâʯѹĹƣһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ģôܣһ࣬ô
ʯԼţͬȾ£Լɲɱħ
ǿҶ磬ȴƣ޼᲻ݵǱҶʩչǿͨѡ
ʯʵҲô治֪Դ
Žڽڰˣ˫۱ѿѺ۵ʯҶ¶һ˿Цݣ̼
࣬һɱ㣡
ҶĻش̼ʯץŭһҶ緢
ˣ𣿡
ҶЦЦԵϵطʯĴɱС
֮ȭ
ʯʹ޷شҶ磬֮£ϧ۵ʩչ˽ͨȼΪۣҶ֮ȭ
ǧȭ
սһ֮ȭϮҶ粻Ҵ⣬ǿĵ⣬˲ǧȭâӭȥ
֮ȭȻǿȴͨѷһֵסҶĴ漶ͼǧȭ
䣡
ǧȭ£ʯ֮ȭϵ飬޷ֹǧȭâɱ
ݿ֮ȭһſŻȭâʯɽϣµ壬ֱӽѣһε˳ȥ
ʯʲôֶΣһʹɣȻûлˣҶ̤֧ʯǰԵ˫˵
֮ȭɱУ
֮ȭʯյǿһУ̶̣֮ȼһ֮ȭҶ磬Ҫˡ
ȻûʽǾ׹ֻذɣ
˵ţҶʼʩһʩչǧȭӭȥ
޵ͨײһֱ˹·ܵĿռ䣬µĻ֮ϹѵޣǶˡ
漶꣬ն
Ҷǿܻ֮ʱٻ漶꣬һն֧飬֧Ųסʯ
꣡
ȼƷ漶꽫ʯɽ룬һصʯû


1945 壬

ǿƻʯ壬ҶһûеϢָǴԽݵĹ·ǰС
ǰʱҶ˲ٽܣЩܵʵǿҶ絥ƾǿͻǡ
ףе㲻ԣ
Ҷ粻ɱ¾ǰʱݵв˶ɡ
֣Լÿɱһܣͻһʮأѱ˲Լ塣
Ȼһ޺ɱܵԽԽ࣬ڵԽԽǿʼʳ塣
Ȼ򵥣
Ҷû뵽黹εΣգϥڵϣĻľڵ
ľһĿǣɫ£ʳҶϵؼ٣ձľȫɡ
ľס壡
Ҷһƻľεػס壬վǰС
˻ľ壬ҶɱܣûκεΣգܿ죬ֹ·ǰһƬïʢɽ֣ɽУһɱʯҪǿϢ
µսˡ
ҶûκεԥïʢɽС
̤ɽֵ˲䣬ɽַ˱仯һľ·һ㣬һ۴ֵٹҶ硣
һޱȵٴҶʱгĻ飬޷˺ֺ
ˣҪزصˣѾˣ
Ҷ翴Զһ겢ߣȴʮïʢһſŹʵĹľ˵
ºȻң
ľһŮһɫ޳ȹƤһͷ˿䣬پ£羫һŮӣһһСţӹľ˳
һ壡
ǰŮӣݵŮӵĲϢҶ֪Ȼ棬ʧľ塣
û뵽㻹ȼʶһۿҵŮ¶һ˿ʵЦݵҽֵػߣ봩֣ҡ
㣿ѵɱ㣿Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬˵
ɱңԩ޳ôɱңҲŭö˵
һ·ÿ˶ɱңҶ絭˵
ңǣǱįĥˣԱűͷһûлţһܻ뿪طҲ
ҿԲɱ㣬Ҫشһ⣡Ҷһʵ
ʲô⣿ʵ
磬о𣿡Ҷʵ
ûˣ滹У˵
ʲô棡ĻһذըҶըˣ𾪵ʵѵ治ɡ
Ȼ˵ͷӹɵ˵Ҿһ崫мأһΨһףΨһ񣬾ھ塣
˼ʵǷ˼
Ҷû뵽оȻ֪ҪϢ
ˣҪʼˣ۳ɰܣ㶼ɱңһ׵С֣һӵӡǿľ֮ӿںһ
ľ֮ͼ
һ̣ں֣һ־޴ľ֮ͼǰ
ľ֮ͼսʤң뿪ľ֮ͼ˵
ã
Ȼľ֮ͼǿ󣬵ԿҪµ˵ȴƽ⡣
Ҷ۾Լٵݣͷŵ£ڽľ֮ͼУѰ
ľ֮ͼ
ҶѰʱľ֮ͼһɫľ֮ͼзҶ硣
ռؽ
һɫ⹥壬ҶǿĿռ֮ǰγ˰ؿռƣֵɫ⹥
Ȼ
ҶͻȻ˫漶ľ֮ͼ
꣡
漶깥£ľ֮ͼʱ˵ѺۣһĻ
㣬ôģôôҵľ֮ͼ
ɴƯ۾ؿҶ磬ôһṦԼľ֮ͼĽơ
ô𣿡
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漶깥ľ֮ͼ
漶깥£ľ֮ͼѺԽԽ࣬ӳһɫȴϵ½
ƣ
Ҷ緢һʯ漶㶴ľ֮ͼһƵľ֮ͼ
ľ֮ͼƣǲǿԼǰˣ
Ҷ翴ŵɴ˫ۣ¶֮ɫ˵
̫ˣһָоҲͨռ飡ع¶˳֮ɫʽΣ
ʲôףҶ翴Ź龫ֵʵ
뿪طҳȥ㣡˵
˼ûô£Ҷҡҡͷ
ֻҪͨȫĿ飬õռǿԴһ뿪ģϣܴߣգŴ۾Ҷ磬һ
һ죬ܸʲôôҶ˼һ£ʵ
ҿԴһͨ˼һʵ
ãɽ
ĻҶ۾һԥصͷӦ


1946 ˫
Ҿ֪һӦģ
Ҷͬ⣬ƯĴ۾״ϲ̵˵
ܲǰң׼ͨҶһʵ
ܣҡҡͷһھܾڲȷܲ뿪Ҳǰ㡣
ðɣ
Ըǰ͸¶Ҷûڱ뿪ƬٿήĴ֣·ͷȥ
֪ǻҪãߵ·ľͷҶһߣһʵ
ˣǰ滹飬ͨ飬뿪·һһĸҶ˵
֪ʲôҶʵ
Ŀ飬һ㣬׺ףʵǿҴ򲻹ռĿ֮֮׶ǿҲ֪ս̼֮ͱѹˣԼ֪ȫҶ硣
飬Ҫߵռ価ͷˣ
ȻҶ粻ѶȣԼʵģԼʵһͨ顣
㵽ǲˣô뵽ģҶݲһ˿档
ˣҶˣһҶ磬ҡҡͷ
ҶоźܶܣԸΪԼ飬ҶҲûб
磬㿴ǰŻƮİǸͲڰУΪ˺ףһύʱһҪСģָǰһž޴ƶ䣬¶˵
ãңȥ
Ҷ˵ͷ̤ųصĲɫƶȥ
žԽԽҶϵϢԽԽǿںѪ£ռ޷ѹҶ磬µϢӿ
Ҷ翿ɫƶ״ʱƶ羪κһҵĲ˲仯һֻµİɫ֣ǧڽҶ硣
䣡
ɫֻδҶ壬ͱǿ飬ựƮɢˡ
Ҫزˣɣ
Լ£ҶǸڰɫƶУںһƮŮӡ
ಣ
Ҷ绰䣬ڵſٵػûǧٶȼƽĹҶ硣
ȻԸҾͽ
ǧȭ
Ҷӵ޽ʩչͨ޹˼ɣһȭǧȭâݿһϮƽ˾ҷƲУµȭֱӽƲ䴩Ƴ˲еŮӡ
ͨ
оǧȭһϮɫսӲߣòȴĶˣķͲΡΡɢűϢŮӰסڷѪ𾪵˵
û뵽㻹ȼʶ
Ҷ絭˵ȴת䣬ΪŮѪܡ
Σ뿪Ұõռܣ
ŮԶԶؿ磬Խоܲ򵥣˵
ôͨأҶ΢΢һЦ
ҸоܲҲܴ漣Ůѭѭյ˵ܴ뿪һŮˣź㡣
ˣҶ˲ȤߣңҶҡҡͷֱӾܾ
Ĳǿǣ˫ޣ廹꣬ܵõǺܶһӶ޷ܵģŮһ촽ջ˵
ûȤҶҡҡͷҪʱˣְɣ
úã˫һڵģ˫û뵽Ҷܾôף߳ŭ֮籡壬󻯳˾캧ˣռ䡣
۷澳ܣҲʵֻж漫ʵĹ½ǶϣҶҡҡͷԵػӦ޵н壬Χγ˽֮

Ϊľţ˫ӣƵûľΣϯҶ磬Ҫ顣
¡¡
Ϣľϯռ䷢˱ռʱ뵽֮С
֮ƣ
ƺƴĵΣҶη壬̤һ֮޷ŴֱӽϮľûˡ
һ̣ǿ£Ժɱ澳ܵĵη׷飬δҶ壬ʧڽ֮С
죬ô֮
˫ɴ˫ۣؿҶ磬˵Ҷֶδ֪ز
һ֮ˣ֪ôˡҶ˵
ȵȣ
Ϊ嶥ţ˫֪Ŀ£˵ҶƿصѾڲ֮أܽܡ
ҲĶ֣ΪУԼǰˣ
ڽ֮£˫ò˸߹ͷ­˵
ΪУȴûдŹ㣡
ҶĵˣҲĵˣȻ˫ļҶȴûϧЯ֮򹥻
ȵȣֻҪϷŹңԸӦκεҵӣ
ʶҶֶΣ˫оҶҲܴ漣һͨأеĿ飬˵Լл뿪ط
ûȤ
Ҷ粻Ϊƽ֮ɱ˹ȥֱӽʧɫ˫ûǿĽɱ
ܿ죬һʹУ˫֮壬


1947 ֮
磬ʵ̫ˣôնɱǶŮˡ
ԶҶʵ˹һ˷ܵ˵
֪ҵܲǰңʲôͨҶ¶ŵЦݣ˵׵
磬㲻ҪֻҪ뿪һгŵҡҡͷ
ðɣ
ؿƿҶ̾ϢһԶȥ
ԼʱҶ翴ǰһƬ֣ǿ޷͸ƣӦ֮Ŀռ䡣
磬֮ںУ
ԶԶźƣ龫ֵҲɵ¶һ˿֮ɫС˵
ãңȥ֮
Ҷ˵ͷһηĺơ
ǿĿռѹȸУ
ƣҶо͸һǿѹߵĽŲóء
ӿµĿռѹԽԽȴûӰҶǰеĽŲ
ϵռѹ߽˺֮У֮ʮ˿ɽߴǿ֮ʥ
֮飬ҪôͨҪôߣҪҪս
Ҷž޴Ŀռѹ֮ʱһҶϻص
ս
ʮ˿֮Ȼǿ󣬵ҶɳܷΧԥ˵
ãȻھͿʼ֮飡
˵ţʮ˿֮ٵػûһµĶͼҶ硣
һ̣ͼӳ̫ҪĿĹâһޱȾ޴ٲһĹͼӳҶ硣
ǧȭƣ
ƹϮҶȫȻ䱬˲ǧȭâٲĹµֱӽˣĺʮ˿֮ûͼϣͼҵĲ
ˣ
֮⵽⻬羵ıֳİɫС֣ڽͼУͼɱҶ硣
ҶϺǧȭ£ͼйµƹ޷˺Ҷֺ
͵Ĺ£ݵԻ׽ͼȱݡ
漶꣬ƣ
ͼȱݣҶ漶ӳ꺣ڰлһâԳԽʮٵٶȣͼȱϡ
ǣ
һѺͼѣ漶Ĺʮ˿֮ͼһˡ
ץסͼѵĻᣬҶңնϣƽ˲ں֮ϵʮ˿֮
޼
Ҷ缤޵н壬ֻն޵һ
һնľӰ֣޵н壬ݵĴռͼڽںһ𣬺һޱȾ޴֮ϡ
䣡
֮ܲס޼˲ˡ
֮˲䣬ʣʮ߿֮ͬʱҶ磬Ҫ顣
֮ƣ
ҶѸٳ˽֮ǿʮ߿֮ͷŵʼʩʩչ޼֮
䣡
ҵĺƲвı
Ҷ·һ޵еս񣬽̤ƣϵʩչɲͨһޱȸߴӲ֮
ʮ֮ͱҶˡ
ͼҲ漶괩͸
ĺ
ԶݵؿҶ磬ǿк֮չ¶ʵ
Ҫ뿪طˣ
뵽Ļ磬µϲɵøֳ˵Цݡ
飡
Ҷ罫֮£һߵʣµ֮һȫһ֮
ֹȥʮʮ˿ɲֻ֮ʣ飬ʣµ֮ȫҶǿ̬ˡ
ţʲô
Ҷ׼ʱݵԣоһ֮ںпٵںϣ·µ
֮ʣʣµ֮ͬʱҶ緢
û뵽֮Ŀ黹ԶԶûн
о֮ԽԽǿҶµϻиյΣȴԼ
£Ҳûмʩչ޼ǧȭͨһ֮
ڣиŬ£ʮ˿֮ǿƺˡ
ʱз˴ʣʮ˿֮飬ͷŵٵػ㼯ںһ
ʵǿԶԶҶľ磬ﵽ澳¡
壡
оʮ˿֮飬壬Ҷ۾һ¶һ˿Цݡ
ӵԵҶ磬µľ壬κ˵õĲҩ


1948 ֮
ߣĿ飬ֻҪ޵ʱңͿ뿪ռ飡
ʮ˿֮ԽΪû٣˵ʱԵ쳣Ĺ졣
ռ顭ô˵ͨ飬ֻʣĿˣҶ
ͨ飬ֻʣĿˣ֮ӦÿǵĲռ飬λҡ
ãǾɣ
Ȼոջʮ˿֮ҶĲСҶ̫к֮ѪľԵ֮֮в
ԼʵţҪͨ飬Ҫһʱڻң޷㽫ߵѹԶ֮
һʱ䣡
Ҷû뵽֮꣬ô̵ơ
ɣһʱ㹻ˣ
ҶԵػӦ޵н屻ȫһ콣籡壬ſռ䡣
Сӣ
֮꽫ٶ۷壬ǿĵ⣬һ⣬Ҷ硣
֮򣡡
֮ϮҶ޳ſ˽֮˲û֮꣬轣֮ɱ֮ꡣ
֮ԶҶѶԸ⵽֮򹥻˲ûӰӡŽ֮

һʮ֮꣬ҶҲ˲ûһ֮ͬꡣ
ռ䣬ƣ
֮ûľӰӲϱƣԥͨռ䣬ռ֮
䣡
ռ£Ҷ˾޴ѹſĽ֮ǳ˵Ѻۡ
֮ɱ
Ҷ罫޵н߶£ƽ֮ٵع֮꣬Ҫý֮ռǰɱ
ռֲ̫Ҷſ޵нܲסռ޾ĹձռƵ
ۣ
֮ƣҶ⵽ɣһڿѪѪ߰ߡ
Ҷˣ֮ͬᣬɲĽ֮嶴ǧٿףûľӰӸǱҶľ򱬣һ顣
һǵ澳ʵȻ۳򣬲Ҫңûô򵥣
̵֮Ŀֲ֮겻ʩչĪٶȣʱ䡣
ֻҪľһʱ䣬ҶͽʧܣԶѹ
ͷٶе
ҶͻȻʮʱ٣ֱ̤ϣ˺۵֮귢͵Ĺ
ռ֮ѹ
֮û뵽Ҷٶô죬æռѹҶ硣
ľ
ʱҶٻɱﵣɢŻйĻľû壬ϵر󣬳أֵסռѹ
⣬ôܣռУôܶ
˺ռĻľ֮귢˲˼֮ɫ
˵ҶֶԶԶس𾪣
Ҷûлش֮ĻƻľٵҡҷͷŻй⣬ϵ˺ռ䣬֮ꡣ
֮ʵ൱澳ܣΪǻ壬ķǿֵסй⣬ֻܼûһٶȲӰȫ㣬ʱ䡣
ˣ˿Խˣ
֮ȫʱҶƻľɫ룬γ̸ΣٶȲӰͬʱ̸֮Уٶȡ
һ̣Ҷٻԣû뵽̸У֮ꡣ
ʲô
оԴΣգ֮ᵽΣУ˾ֵĳХ
ʱͷųǿƲ֮꣬Ļ壬
ȵȣҪң뿪ռ飡
֮ǣԸɢؼ䣬òġ
ô鷳ҽɰɣҶ粻ΪԻ˿µУ֮ꡣ
ɱңûкôҿԸռܣԸ㣬ͨռ飬õռ
⵽ɣ岻ѵ֮ģջҶ硣
ûȤ
ȻռһͨأҶԼţ֮꣬Լɣϡ
ռ䣬Һ䣡
֮꿴Ҷ粻ΪִҪԼϧ۵ĵռγ˲ѹľ
ľֲ̫ռ޷˺
Լʱ䣬ƴ֮걻ȫˣҶ֮ͨĿ顣
ţڿʼˣ
о֮꣬ԳΣҶĴϲһָоȫµԣ˵л
꣡
ɢȥռ価ͷһռͨͨռռ䡣
ߣ
ռڳ֣Ҷ뿪ռ䣬ռ˿ռ䡣


1949 ǵ
һʮ㱦
뵽ռ˿ռ䣬Ҷ翴ǰһʮߣǶһž޴ʯһֻֻޣɢʥϢߴʮɵľͱ
ͱ£ϥһͷϡ裬ϲƺͰߵ㣬ǿߡ
оҶ֣ƵͻȻ˻ǵ˫Ƕˡ
ߣǰıֺܾޣ˵Уռ޵һˣӦлͨռ飬õϷµĻԵ߻˵
Ȼ˵ᣬĻȴ쾪һҶը졣
ǰ棬Ĵеضģ
ߵĻҶˣû뵽ǰô
棡ߵ˵ͷеĴеضҲµľ֡
ǰиҪ㣡ҶƵߵûиоǰӦǰ벽񣬶ǰʵΪ⵽ʱ㲻
Ҳǲ֣ǲң߷·µҶ⣬˵Ȼдԣ屻ǣಢ屻ԭΪҡ
ѵǰۺĶҶüͷһ£Լµࡣ
Сܴߵ˵ͷ屻ΪҪõе
ǰ֪ʲôı˵ۺ죿ҶԽĺ档
УͨĿ飬֪Ǻˣ߻˵ĿѶȺܴ󣬵вŴС
ǰ֪ĿʲôҶ
һ֮ڣʮ㣬նߵ
նҶüͷ΢΢һǰ֪пߵʵΣ
һʥʵԼ൱񼶸֣񼶸⣬лָȻ󹥻ҡڶʥʵȵһһ磬൱񼶸֡ʮʥʵ൱澳ܡ
ʥ⣬жʮ꿼ʧܣȴδȥĴߣܹƣǷ㣬᲻ϧһдۻɱ㣬Ϊɱ㣬ȡ㣬»սʸ񣡡ϸĽܵ
ǰҴʱɷҶû뵽սѶôǵʮ㣬Щ֡
ʵһǧ澳ܣ̼ܱɱ
յرͬСɣֻ㣬ܳŲӵУսҲʮֵĿ̣㲻ýκεҡҡͷĻľĿƣԲܹơ
ǰﾲһʱս֪𣿡
Ϊ˳ͨأɴδɵնҶϧʵ
ֻнʵǵ棬ټյĵƣпս
ԣǱʱ䣬֮㻹ǱޣǾͱռսһʱ䣡ߵ˵ͷ
ʱ䣬㹻ˣ
Ȼʱ̣ܶҶӵǬĵƣǬʮʱУӵоʮʱ䣬㹻ͻǵ澳硣
ǰȥǱˣڣһأ
˵꣬Ҷ뵽ǬռУóһƷ浤̵ֱ˶Уٵ
СϣܳɹȻҿ޷ػȥˣȫǿ̾ϢһĬ
Ȼǰ벽񣬵Ҳأػ£;ƿݣǿߵ˾ͷ
ͨµռ飬һмƻյҲ֪ȥδӡ
Ʒ浤̺εȵǿ
ҶУͷųǿ˳ȫݺύľҴܡ
ҶľѹƷ浤ͷŵٵգʵ
ܿ죬ʮʱȥˡ
ʮУҶƷ浤Ӳʵǵ漫¡
оʱ죬Ҷֱó̺Ļ̵˶Уȫǵ澳硣
Ʒ浤̺⣬Ҳǿ
ŻҶڻͷųǿĻ֮Ҷ£ʼǿľƿ
Ҷֱӽ赤ҩʵЩȣǵ澳ʱ˲С鷳
Ҷ绹ŻŻ̺⣬㹻µİʮгǵ澳硣
סįҶ粻ϵؼǱŻһδγžƿ
ܿ죬ʮȥˡ
ʮǱޣҶ̺Ļڻ˰Ļ֮
͵ľƿҲƶһδߵ£˴Ѻۣоǵ
ʱͻˣ
ƿѣҶ粻ϵѹӴĻ֮֮ѹƵʱ豬Ļ֮һٳ˾ƿﵽǵ澳磬Ҳﵽ˾˵İǧڽսʮ


1950 
ͻˣͻˣ
ͻƵ˲䣬ҶǱ
Ȼ˴ͻƵִ̫٣ҶЩȣţսõܺõĥ£
ǰҿԿʼսˣ
Ҷ򵥹һ¾磬뿪Ǭǰ
ǵ棡
оҶľʵ۾һ
ߣиɫϣԳɹ¶ѵõЦݣӵӡصĴš
İǰһͨأն
˵꣬Ҷһһ⣬С
¡¡
Ҷոսһ㣬׹׵ĳ֣ſµƻҶ硣
ͻƵǵ澳磬ҶӵǿһؿռγɵĿ׸޷˺
һƻǿĿ׹ҶԼٶԶȥ
ûɶãǰ˴ֳָ̬սɢſֲϢʥ顣
Щʥ飬ݵԻио󷨵
ԭЩʥ鲻γɵģں󷨺Ƶʥγɵģ
ݵԲܣܵķ֣Ҷ˵ʮֹؼ
ʮ㣬ɽܣ澳ʥӶɴδɵն
ɱ
Ϊ˽ԼҶûȼպ֮Ѫ޵н壬ǱǧڽһֻŭϹ޳˹ȥ
أ
һеʥ࣬ʵ޷Ҷ繹ΣգǿҶʥ飬ȫǿѹȸ顣
¡¡
Ҷɱ¾ʱͷͻȻһźɫƣ׹ƳƣſµƻϵعҶ塣
漶꣬ƣ
Ҷһ漶ӳĻ꺣˲ûһʮɳĺڽһ˳ŴƣƵ
û󹥻Ҷɱеٶȸ졣
ܿ죬糱ˮϮһǧʥ飬Ҷݿ塣
꣡
ҶǿƻɱһǧʥʱҵѿһռѺۣǿĿռѹȸУҶڶ㡣
ɳ޾Ļɳ
ڶ㣬Ҷ緢ǰһ޼ʵĻɳڻɳУ鲼̺綾嶾ޡ
ʥ𣡡
һֻֻðŶ嶾ޣҶ³¶ȼߵʥ𣬽һֻֻ嶾ڻˡ
Ҷڻ嶾ʱͻȻоһǿĿռѹС
̧ͷȥгһΡߴľɽŷԲĿռ䣬ݺݵѹ
ԽԽԽһ񼶸ѹľɽҶɫ䣬漶ӭȥһ˾ɽ
ɽ飬ʥľɽֳָ̬Ҷ緢͵Ĺ
׮
ҶǿһϮĹ˲۳˾Ÿžʯ
Ȼ׮ȼͣҶĴ澳⣬Ĵռͼݵʱ۵׮ѹأһʥ塣
׮Ѹײڶ֮ƺɱʥ飬ҶǰУɱһɳ͵Ϯʥ֡
һʱҶͽһǧʥɱ뵽㡣
ÿٶȣ
Ҷ紳һֱע߷֣Ҷ˲ʱͽ뵽ʱ¶һ˿Ծ֮ɫԾɱеٶȡ
øߵ¶ȣ
㣬Ҷ緢Լ࣬ȵҽռ䱻ҽðķŤ
أ
Ҷ̤ҽм䣬Ψһһʯ·ǰʱһſž޴Ļð˹̵ҽһſҷųβ͵ĻǣҶ硣
Ҷ籬ڽӶȭͷһſŻʱĻͻȻð񾳵ʥ飬ԼٶȹҶ硣
ڻеʥ鹥ȻͻȻԸӦ£ҶͲΣգǰ
һޱȵĽâ壬һ͵ϮʥֱӱĽâɢڿռС

֯Ľâɱ͵Ϯʥ飬Ҷ漶壬̤С
漶£ÿ̤һ¶۳µĽͼϽƳҽ͵Ϯʥ鶴ɱ
⴫߱лҪĺ֪Ǳж󣡡
Ϊ˸ĿҶ紳صḶ߲́ϧ۵۳һ⾵עҶ紳صһһҶ米˫֣ͥŲ̤ŽУһϮʥʱҶԽĿء
ԼʱҶ̤˱ҽʯ·ͷ
һ·µĽͼɱ˾Űپʮʥ飬ʣһʯ·ͷ
˲һʥ⣬Ҷ绹ʯ·ͷһϥûһѪ⣬֪˶İɫǼܡ


1951 
ণ
һҶ磬ǵʥ鷢һ
Ҷʵֲ̫ûǲ˰ɫǼ֮
Ҫزˣûõģ
Ҷһ̤ȫĽ֮籡˲ûһһ񽣣һĵ⣬նʥ顣
Ҷ繥ʥ˲䣬֪˶İɫǼУͻȻӿǿ֮һֻɫ֣׵ץҶ硣
š
Ҷüͷһƣû뵽İɫǼܾȻ
Ӧ죬ץĺɫֺһȭǧڽӿֱӴݿ˺ɫ֣˰ɫǼϣŵİɫǼܺˡ
ʥ飬Ҳһ֮¡
꣡
һնɫǼܺʥ飬ռ֣ҶûκԥǿĿռѹٶȼĴĲ㡣
ں󷨺ʹʥĲʥӵа澳ʵôһɿֲ磬Ժɨе
֣ĲĿռ侹ȻһƬ֣
ǰޱߣдĴ֣Ҷûͣ½Ųɢڵϵ֦һȥ
û߶ãݵԸоΣտһʮɸߣ߰˸˺ϱܱĹľϸֳһŲϵס
Щϵͬʱ۾ʱҶ緢˾춯أԽʯХ˷

ͻȻ⵽һľͷŵХҶǿĿռ֮ӿΧγ˲İؿռƣסɽϮХ
ţϽԼٵγǿĴ֮һ긴յĹľ
ںӴĴ֮£һ긴յĹľˣҶΧռ䣬һƬյشһľ
ͷŴ֮˹ĹľҶûмŲǰС
û߶ãĸ֪ٴβΣգһڹľеİʥֳַ֣ޱȵҶ硣
漶꣬𣡡
Ҷһ漶ӳĻ꺣һֻŭĺϵؽһʥĹ飬һŹ
漶깥£Ĳİʥ޷ֹҶĽŲѵĹľ֮飬ͬ޷вҶ硣
ܿ죬Ҷɱ¾Ĳʥ¾Ѿ˺ѿռڣ뵽㡣
һ죬㣬ٶӦ˴촳¼˰ɣ۾һϵڴŨˣ㿪ʼĿ飬ϣܴ漣
ôĺ
㣬Ҷ翴ԼǰһƬ޴ĺһֻֻޱȾ޴Ĺ㲻ʱԾ棬Ųĺҳһ޴ˮ
ľˮǰ̺е⣬֪ʲô󣡡Ҷշ𣬳˾޴ĺϡ
ٶȼķɵʱһɱ̹ǵĺںӿҶ磬ĺٶȼӡ
ۣ
Ҷ΢΢鶳ĺʱһޱȵˮìƳ˺棬ٶȼĹ
Ҷ⵽ˮìͬʱһһ澳ʥƳ˺棬ΧҶ磬ҪôҶɱ
ͨԽţ
Ҷ͵̤һţµĴӡھ֮ݺݵزһϮ澳ʥϣµֱӽһ澳ʥˡ
ѶȹȻ˲٣
оսѶʮ౶ҶҲûһʼɣٻ漶꣬漶ȫֳ棬Ϯ澳ʥ顣
Ҷɱ¾ʱ֮ͻȻˣڴ˵ģһȫʥ֮УݣΪһӡ
еʲôܣ
֮ϣޱߵ
һ̣̤һ
һ̤ˣһ첻֪ٺѺѱٶԶӣ·Ҫ˺ѡ
δٶҳ
һ˺޾ӷϣݿܵ
һ̣һֻֻǱ޸ֳðһſޱȾ޴Դֵؿűʥֵ֮ӣɪɪ
ңǰǲϵʵлʲôܡ
أˣǰȷʵһ࣬ٶ̫죬ǲ֪ȥ˺δҲصĻԵһֻ޴ͷֵ̿˵
ˣҲǰʣҶѻɣЩ͵˵ʩչͨðͷһֲֻֻޣǿжǽѻꡣ
֪
ѻ֮ûлöмֵϢüͷ΢΢һ壬Ӷһֱۣһֲֻֻޣ߽С
߽ʱӿĴ󺣾ҵطΧһƬյشûһκˮҿ



1952 ɱ¾

Ҷ籩һȫĽ˲ۣûһ½ҷųĽβһһһ澳ʥնɱͨĳڡ

ǿƻɱһǧһ澳ʥ飬Ҷļȫһ㣬ǲ˺ۣѪϵ·Ⱦˡ
أҶռ価ͷˣָĵ
Լʱ䣬ҶָĵƣԽ˿ռڣ뵽˸յĵռ䡣
¡¡䣡
޾Ҷϻ죬ȥٲȻһƬ޾׹ⲻϵش£ء
ڿ׺£ռĵ鲼һߣڵϿϮ
޵н壡
ʥﵽ˶澳Ҷ˲С鷳Ҵ⣬Ѹټ޵н壬һ׵Ϯռȥ
û߶ãԼǰһɸߣ׵ľ޴ʯͷͨԵĸӦʯͷиоǿϢ
׵ʯͷʱһɫ׹ͻȻƳʯͷһŭĿҶ硣
漶꣬ƣ
ɫϮҶٻ漶ӭȥһƵɫ磬Ʋն˾޴ʯͷϡ
ǣ
漶깥£Ӳޱȵʯͷ˵ѺۣһƤȫɱͷѰҵ߷ɳʯͷЯǿҶ硣
澳ܣ
оƤߵʵҶµݣû飬޵н弤һɳ콣籡壬ףһ貵ӣݺݵ
ۣ
⵽޵н幥޾׷ĹƣɱӸǱһնɣˤԶѪʳ
̵ҶĿ£㱻ͻȻҶ磬ռȥ
ܣ
Ҷһ̤׷ϡ
¡¡
Ƥ֮ľʱΧ޾ռеĶ澳ʥֳ֣һ׹Ҷ硣
޵н壬򷨣
ͻ⹥Ҷ粻ϵؼ޵н壬𽣹⣬ǿƵһ澳ʥ鷢Ĺ
һ̣Ҷȼ˺Ѫ˲佫ʵǵ棬ڽΧ澳ʥ顣
أ
Ҷȫ£һ澳ʥ岻ϱ򱬣ռ뵽С
Ҷɱ¾ʱոأ֮ززƤͻȻ۷˻ʮ꣬۵Ҷ緢һ
һ񣡡
Ƥ߻ϮҶ漶껯һɫ񽣣ʱռĹ˲䱻ɫɣ޹⡣
һ̳
µ֮ռ䣬Ľһ˺˿ХƤߵ룬
նƤߣҶ۷壬ɱλ澳ʥ飬һֽҪ͵Ϯʮ澳ʥնɱ
ɱ¾ݡ
Ҷֳ漶û񽣣Ͻ澳ʥɱ
ɱ¾澳ʥȫˣǵصĹس壬ơ
޵н㹻ǿ⵽˿ֲܼĹҶͳܲסˡ
ɱɱɱ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҷû·֪ƣɱ¾Ļɱ
ɱԽԽصҶſ˽֮򣬼ѹ
գҶֻһʱ䣬ͽǧ澳ʥɱ
ȿֲɱٶȣȫػߣľþ޷ƽ
⴫ʵ̫ˣǰǰʱ䣬ͨǰĿ顣
Сϣͨȫ飬ҾҲĿˣԽڴҶı֣ԽԽء
ɱ¾֮ҶҲأȼպѪȴûиеƣ򵥵ĵϢһ£˿ռڣ뵽߲㡣
ʥʵԽԽǿѹҲԽԽΪȡʱ䣬ʥҶҪֶ룬ܵĽԼʱ䡣
һ޵ˣȻʧܡ
ѩҰĴѩ
̤أҶ翴ٲȻһƬıѩ硣
ȻѩҶӰ첻󣬵ѩʮ׶ݲأ澳ʥ͵ϮҶļʡ
ɣҪزˣ
ҶûϢֱӷԾ˱ѩϿգΨҶԵ˵
ಣ
⵽Ҷƣںѩе澳ʥǿĺҶ硣
ǧȭ
ʮ漶ʥЯǿĺϮҶǧȭ꣬ӭȥ
еʥȻǿ󣬵ȴԶԶͬܡ
ҶʩչͨǧȭϮʮ澳ʥ鱻˲壬һźƮɢ
һʮʥ飬дʥϮҶ磬͵Ĺ
ԶԶȥʥɶ˻һ㣬Ҫķ񹥻Ҷ磬ƱҪɱ
Žǧʥ鹥Ҷûſ˽֮򣬲ϵشͨɱŽʣʥ顣
ʱҲɱ¾һһʧ
ɱ¾ԽԽңҶҲڷɱ¾вϵؼء
⵽ϧĹ߲ռʥҲԽԽ١
Ҷƴȫɱ¾ҹڽ߲ռеʥɱͨڰ˲ռڡ


1953 ԽԽѵս
ʮҶƣ״̬ѣԽ˿ռڣ뵽ڰ˲ռ䡣
ڰ˲еʥ飬ӵ澳ʵҶս
Ҳǰǰ㣬޼ɵռеʥ飬ֻѡһƵĲԡ
磬ôķ磡
ڰ˲㣬Ҷ緢֣ռϯ޾Ŀ磬ɻɳߡ
ȻڿռɱսһӰ죬ȴһƵĲԡ
ಣ
Ҷ΢΢һڽ˿УϢһн
ţǱʥ飡
ȻʥĺܺãԸӦ£ȴ޴ݲأҶ׷ڿе澳ʥ顣
ѣ
Ҷһǿγ˿µѣ澳ʥ顣
ˣ
ܵҶʩչѣ澳ʥʶһ¡
һ̣漶Ҷ£Ӷƿ˷澳ʥ
һɱ澳ʥ飬Ҷϯص쫷磬ԶѰһĿꡣ
ܿ죬ַ澳ʥ飬ʼʩͬİ취һһնɱ
ʱһȥҶɱһ㣬ڰ˲㣬ʩչĪĴɱϵػɱ澳ʥ顣
ʮʱ䣬ɱٶ澳ʥʱͷѩףϲƣòЩƣƽõҶĴڡ
ţǶ˷̶ĳХڰ˲㡣
ߣ
Ϊȡսʸ׷ӿն𣬵ǿ쫷֮Ҷ硣
棡
о׷ʵҶüͷ΢΢һ壬Ծػ߾Ȼս
Ծ֮࣬ûм
һ̤ݻ֮˲׷ĹǶû˽֮С
֮㲻ô׷ΪԾ˼˵
֮ɱ
ҶûǷϻƽ֮ɱ׷ҪڴʥΧǰɱǡ
֮Ȼǿ󣬵׷ʵͬ£ʹƴص֮򹥻ʱ䡣
漶꣬𣡡
Ҷ漶ƽ˽֮УںϽ֮׷
˵ֵ֮Ϊ漶깥ӵֵס
̼䣬Ƕ˾ͱ漶궴壬֮
ã
Ȼɱ׷Ҳ¶٣澳ʥΧˡ
֮£Ҷֻٻľս£ӭ˳ˮϮʥȺǼɱ
˲ռʥ飬ﵽ澳ԶԶҶ籾ľ磬⵽ʥͬʱҶ˾޴ѹ˼鷳
ſ˽֮򣬶ֵסʥͬʱһѺڽ֮ѺۣҶĳ˾޴ѹһڿѪ
ľƣ
ƲϼأҶǿѹˣƻľ͵ĹҡҷŻй⣬ӲصʥȺ˺ѿһȱڣΪǱԶȥ
Ҷȫܣʥ׷ϡ
ܼ䣬ҶŻٶȣ漶͵ĹϽ׷ɱʥһնɱ
ھŲ㣬ұҪıˣȽھŲδĴɱԸʥ飬Ȼǧ澳ʥ׷ɱҵҲҪԱճǱҶĬ
Ȼڰ˲㣬ΪǱνѵҲ˾ӣ˵ǻ¡
ʱһȥܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУзɱ¾Ҷ磬ɹɱ˽Űʥ顣
ڹڼ䣬ѪЧʧһʱ䣬Ҷ⵽˲СĴˣء
ʱǾһˣ
ʣµһ澳ʥ飬Ҷȼ˺ѪſǿĽ֮ӭȥǼҵɱ
Ȼ˲ռʥʣһٶʵֲǸҶ˼鷳
ڻľ֮򹥻£һ澳ʥ鲻ϱ𣬵ɱ¾УҶҲԽԽء
ǧȭ
һ񣡡
޼
Ҷ粻ƣһδʩչͨƴع澳ʥ顣
ڣȫջɱڰ˲ռеʥ飬ǰھŲռ·

˺۵Ҷ翴һѿĿռڣһ˲Ѻ۵ĵϣڴŴ¡
ȻҶƷǳأһµĥ£ȫڵĵʵ
ʱ䣬ͨǰ˲ռսս£
ͨ񣬿أڵϵҶ磬ҡҡͷп˵
Ϣ˴Լʱ䣬Ҷȫָƣ򵥵Ļһ壬Խ˿ռڣ뵽˸գսɹھŲ㣬սһǧ澳ʥ顣


1954 Ӱɱ

뵽ھŲ㣬Ҷ緢ŲռӳŴĿĹââ֮ǿ̵۾
֮ռ䣡
Ҷû뵽ھŲǹ֮ռ䣬¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ϊڹ֮ռУݵѶȡ
˼һԲߣҶѳ׼辵Ųռʥע⣬ԼɱһĻᡣ
֪Ųռ䣬жٵδĴߣ
Ҷһ޴ʯ£ԼٵݣӦžŲռĴߡ
˴֮꣬ɱıԵӦӵǿ
ҶһСƶһ߿ھŲռԵƶ
ʱӦȷھŲռδĴߡ
У˵ʵﵽ澳ʣ˵ʵﵽ澳۷塣
ɱ˵
ȷ˵λãҶԺֳɱǵļƻǱһ۷澳ܿ
ҶѪǿϢӣڹ֮ռƶ˰ʱϥһľ£һ㣬һİ׷
ѣ
˰׷ҶԼݣγǿѣݺݵغ˰׷Ļ꺣Уʶ˶ݵͣ١
Ȼ׷ʱڻָѣݵͣȴġ
Ҷȼպ֮Ѫ޵н壬˲佫Ĺ£ֳ漶꣬һ˰׷
ͣ
㲻İ׷ƣµ漶ֱ˺壬룬Ҳ˲飬
ɹɱ˰׷ҶûͣߣһĿ꿿
Լһʱ䣬һҶ磬һ۷澳ܷ˱ɱһ
һʹƺ
۷澳ܱҶһɱ
ɹ
ɹɱˣҶߣһĿ꿿
۷澳״ɱɱ澳ܵѶȴܴ
ΪסеĴ߷ʥɱȵģܴھŲ㣬츳ʵˣǿĵơ
ҶɱʧܣпܴݾߣǺ̫ˡ
ᣬȴѵĻᣡ
ҶϢϥһ޴ʯ£ӷ·ʯںһ𣬲ֱ˴˵澳ܡ
ʯܣ
ԸӦ£Ҷ緢ǰ߼пʯܡ
ʯٶȻ죬ȴʮ־ˣǷǿ£ҪʯܷҪӵмǿĹ
Ŀ꣬Ҷȴż֣ϢڰͨԹ۲ʯܣѰѵĴɱᡣ
һ죬죬죬졭
ҶڰһһֱĵصȴŻᡣ
ڣȴʱоʯܵһ˿΢ı仯
׽˿΢ı仯ݵͷųǿγشѣΣݺݵغʯܻ꺣С
һ񣡡
Ҷѣʱӻһ޵񽣣һ˺ƿռ䣬ݻ޵е⣬ʯϣǿ˺嶴
һ̣Ҷſ޵н⣬ǿʯܣ壬ɱ
Ҷ˲ɱʯʱ澳ʥ顣
ûǷٶȼҶһ߿漶깥һݻ޽âɱǿ澳ʥ飬ڹ֮ռ䣬ʧ
գ
ɹɱʯܣҶ糤һ¡
ʣһ澳ܣɱҾͿԷĵŲռеʥλˣҶһδĴ߿
ţϣ
ĴߣҶ緢ϥһ֦ҶïĹľϣڹľܣŽʮʥ顣
Ҷǿдɱߣпܾʮʥ飬Ӷ޷ܵĺ
ɱĴߣв
ֻðˣ
˼֮Ҷʵʩƻðմɱ
ж
Ҷһһ´ʥ飬ڹľϵĴߡ
ţ
ʥʱŲռң˹ľϵĴߡ
ľܵĽʮʥ飬ܵԶľ˹ȥҶ糤һ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
һԶҵĿռ䣬ԾľϹȥ鿴
Ծ¹ľ˲䣬һֱȴҶ
ã
澳û뵽ľΧһ֣һ
ֲ̫֮֮£ߵķƣ漶꣬ԼҶնľâȺնϡ
أ
ĴߣδüֵİͱҶĹɱڰлһѪ
Ҷɱ󴫳ʱĵһҲʥɱˡ
ʱҶ磬Ųռʥûз
أŲռָֻƽ


1955 Խ򽣹
ˣռоŸʱ䣬ʱжˣ
Ҷڰȴʱ䣬оھŲռ佥ָƽʼɱ澳ʥ顣
Ȼɱ澳ʥѶȲСԸӦ£Ҷҵ䵥СΧۼʥ飬޵н壬֪֮Ľһһɱ
Լʮʱ䣬Ҷɱٶ澳ʥ顣
ʱھŲռ䣬Ѿû䵥ʥˣҶɱѶȡ
ж
Ҷ׼ڰľжžŲռʥ飬ǵλãΪԼɱ
£Ųռ뵽Уʥһα׷ɱ
ȻӵҶͬȼʵȴδͨ
ܿ죬澳ʥ顣
˾Ųռ뵽УҶͶϢеʥ鲢δ
أŲռָֻƽ
һľеҶȴһ뵽žС
ʱ˴֮꣬ɱ䣬һȫµԣѳһƬ
ͨ򽣹ڣ
ҶںƬʱԺиֳһͨھͨ޵н֮ͬ򣬾ԳΪɱﵡ
šȲһʱ䣬л͸򽣹𣿡
ռа˸ʱ䣬Ҷķһʱ򽣹ڣܲУͨռĻᡣ
֮ҶһеȫͶ뵽򽣹ڵĹС
ٴνӿֲҶԣٶȡ
ţڸʲôôˣ
߾̾ҶɱսʱͻȻ֣ҶһľͻȻˣ뵽⾳С
ѵҡҡͷ¶˲Цݡ
һսȫֶȫԸûҶ㣬˷ʱ䡣
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
΢΢ЩʱҶ˽յ˫Խּһ㡣
νȻ˺ܶ࣬ôʱҳͨ򽣹ڣ
򽣹ڣҶûٵʱ䣬뿪˹ľ档
ʱɱˣ
ҶһѳڰУ׼Լɱ澳ʥ顣
ʥ飡
ԸӦ£Ҷ緢䵥ʥ飬ϢĿ˹ȥ
ţǡ
䵥ʥʱҶķ֣ԽһʥУһ㡣
ʥеĹλòͬ
ѵǵ֮Դ
Ҷ²䵥ʥʵ飬Ը֪Ƿȷ
漶꣬ɱ
Ҷһ漶ӶٶȼĹһ澳ʥڵĹ㡣
漶깥ٶȼ죬澳ʥڶӦ漶ʹ̴ڵĹ㡣
һ̣澳ʥ屬ˣţɢڹ֮ռС
ȻҵĲ²ûдǹʥ֮Դ
һ֣ҶĴϲ֣ʣ澳ʥڵĹ㡣
գ֮䣬澳ʥڵĹˣͬʱţѶ
˲ɱ澳ʥ飬ҶϢǱʥ飬ʼʩ澳ʥ鲻ϵػڵĹ㣬ɱ
⣬ѵʥ֮Դ
һ澳ʥҶǰոջߵĺͯһµҶ缫пҵʥ֮ԴȻʵɱ澳ʥ˵ɡ
ʱһȥ
ܿ죬ֹȥ˶ʮ졣
ҶǱɱ£ھŲ㣬ֻʣһٶ澳ʥ飬ʥȫѸײڶ֮ƻɱ
ɣ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҷûٵ鹦ңֱϣ˹֮ռϿգ˰Եƥʣµ澳ʥ飬׼һ򾡡
ಣ
ڰУǵҶ磬澳ʥһ⣬ݺݵظ˹Ҷ緢͵ĹҪôҶɱ
ľ
һֲĹϮҶûӲѸٽľٻ˳ľǿķֵһԻɽ˺ƲĹ
޵н壬򽣹ڣ
ޱĻľֵסһ澳ʥ鷢Ļ𹥻ʱҶǿ޵н壬ǿʩչոգ򽣹ڣһ澳ʥ顣
޵н屻Ҷݻ£˲ƥе񽣣£򽣳ӣ˺ǰĿռ䣬һᴩĹһ澳ʥڵĹ㡣
ͣ
Ҷݻ򽣹ڹ£һ澳ʥڵĹ㱻ˡ
գ֮䣬澳ʥ鱻Ҷʩչ򽣹ڻ
⣬ͨ
ĿҶһɱ澳ʥһĻһֱעҶ߱סˣ۾ɵùԲĿɿڴ
ಣ
ҶһЯǿĽ˴ҴҸѵʮ澳ʥ顣
ʱ䣬ʣµʮ澳ʥҲҶҶɱͨʮĿռͨˡ


1956 ֮ռ
ʣ߸ʱ䣬⣬㹻ռˣ
ͨʮĿռͨҶ¶˵Цݡ
ûʮİնԽ󣬿Կʥ㣬ʥв
ֻҪСģԼһǰ޹˵׳٣նõռб
ھŲϢָʱ䣬Ҷž޴ĿռѹԽڵĿռͨ뵽īһ˿ڰһʮ㡣
ڰռ䣡
ȻǰһƬ۸κεľҶ˵ϲľֺڰ
ӵԵҪ۾
ȺڰռУɱ澳ʥļʡ
ȿʮ㣬мδĴߣ
ڴɱ澳ʥ飬δĴ߸Ҷв
ʵ̤ʮ㣬ʵ츳綼ģбĵطҪһɱܡ
ҶԺ˼һ¼ƻʩչѳƶڸȴԼ
֮ҶϢʮƶѰʮռδĴߡ
ԽϣڵĿռԽСҶһ㣬ڰ֮ռСƶԸӦ䣬ѰδĴߡ
Լʱ䣬ҶԼ䣬ʮ㣬δĴߣǵʵƶﵽ澳۷塣
һ̤ʮģп澳۷ܣҾǵṳ̂Ⱦ磬£¿ҲӦôﵽȾ磡
ȷĿ꣬ҶȴԽĸо֣Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ϾĿǰʵ͵̣ͨ澳ܶѣҪ˵ɱ۷澳ˣҪڶʱڽǻɱ췽ҹ̷ɡ
ô죿
ҶŶԲߣûеƣõ벻õİ취
ֻܽʮռʥԶȥһɱᣡ˼һᣬҶоԼֻһ취ãж
ӵڰƴҶ練ȥ
ʱǵĳ֣ʮȻ󲨣Ϣںڰռ澳ʥ鱻ˣȫ׷ɱǣʮҲ뵽֮С
оʮĿռ䣬ϥδĴͬʱ۾⡣
ಣ
һɫۣĿߴҹΪһ壬Ұ׳ɢ˫ӷӹȥʱʱҶͻȻ͵Ϯ
һ񣡡
Ҷ˲ȼ˺Ѫ޵н壬ֳֻûɺɫ񽣵漶꣬˻Ұ׷ӡ
š
Ұ׷ɫ΢΢һ䣬û뵽ԼһˣܵӦŷϮĻҰ׷Ӻһȭ
һȭҶǰĿռ䲻ϵط飬µȭâױȵƻҶ̳֮ײһ
ľ
ӲҰ׷һȭʱҶٻ˻ľƻľҡҷŻй⣬Ұ׷ӷ͵Ĺ
أ
⧲£Ұ׷ӱľïʢڳУʱ˵ѺۣӸߵķݣӰ׹ҳһӡ
͵ϮɹҶûиҰ׷һ˿ϢĻᣬ޵н壬Ұ׷ӷ͵Ĺ
ߣ㼤ŭˣ
ҶҶ緢ˮĹƣԽԽصĻҰ׷ӷŭˣʩչɱӭ
ռڶ
ʩչռر仯Ŀռ֮ǰγ˿µĿռڶһУҶ硣
֮ƣ
ռڶϮҶſǿĽ֮򣬽ǿ֮ռڶ
򣡡
Ž֮Ұ׷ӵ۾ɵùԲз·𿴵˹
㵽һʲô
ڻҰ׷ӿҶľ粢ߣֶȴԶԶԼ󣬲ҲӼ˻Ұ׷ӵս⣬ʹȫռӲƵ˽֮
۷澳ܹѶԸ
֮򱻻Ұ׷ǿƿҶ⵽˷ɣһѪ˳˳
ûмƣɱ޵н壬ƻľҰ׷ӷȫɱ
ʮ㼤ɱ˾޴Ķ
ڻҰ׷ӵʵֲ̫ҶݻĽ֮һαˡ
ʱҶˮӿ澳ʥɱ
һδĴߣҶҰ׷֮ļսٶȼĸ˹ҶĴøӵΣա
ô죿
оڶδĴ߿Ҷɫһ䣬Ժͷ
һ۷澳ܾѶԸһҶоԼûз̵Ļᣬпܱ


1957 
ƴˣ
Ϊ˵õռУҶһҧƴˡ
Ԫȼգ
Ҷһϧ۵ȼԪӲ澳
޼
ʵǣҶûԥʩչͨ˻Ұ׷ӡ
һľӰ֣޵н壬漶꣬Ĵ漶ͼݵ£ڽһ޼ſռ䣬ɫ΢ĻҰ׷ӡ
䣡
޼Ұ׷ǿʩչǿʽһ𣬱춯صƻʮռ˺ѿ˵Ѻۡ
ľѹ
ʩչ޼˻Ұ׷ӣҶƻľѹ
оҶвҰ׷Ҳƴˡ
һǿĵ⣬ľѹһʹƴҶԹ
ʩչʵ澳Ҷʵǵ£ûҰ׷ĴɱУǳſǿĽ֮ȫӭȥ
ʱӵ澳սҶݻ֮ǿڽ֮򹥻£Ұ׷ĹϱƣѾ޷вҶ硣
Ҷ轣֮ȫѹƻҰ׷ʱڶδĴߵˡ

оҶΧӿǿĽ֮һϮɫƤ££ǰ͹̣òȻһ㣬һһۣӵһͷɫŮ۾ˡ
δ벽񣬾֮ôģ
ϷŮӿҶ񲻶ϵطű仯ĸˡ
գ㻹ڵʲôٳְֻҪҽ»սʸ񣡡
ƱҶѹƣĻҰ׷ӣŲԶϷŮӣ
ҹϵֲãΪʲôҪ㣡
ҶԤϣϷŮӲûгְҰ׷ӣҶŵһӴ󹥻ǿȣ͵ĹҰ׷ӣơ
գұˣһֵ㣬ŹģҰ׷Ӳģ
СѣʽΣӦҰԸƯһ£ŴҶ
ʲôף
Ҷһ͵Ĺһ߷ʵ
뿪ҰԸ
˼ѾӦ뿪޷Ӧ㣡
Ȼյʵֲܿ벽ֻһ֮ңҶѾӦ޷ٴӦգļֵҶյͨȤ
ҧһѪһ޵촽ðɣһһ뿪Ȼպһ壬ҾͰԸ
ôͨռ飿Ҷʵ
Լ᲻󣬵Ұ㣬Ǿ߳ϣһ˵ĺ촽ѭѭյ˵ôúÿ£֮ĽףɲԿϣ˽ٸͷ
ʲôͷҶüͷ΢΢һ
Ҽį˰ӸΣܼԦңҾһбĹâ˵ı롣
ȻĻòȴһ㣬ֱӰɱ˵ͣҶȤ

ðɣҴӦ㣬а취뿪ҷһһ壬
յвСΪ˽вҶ粻òЭͬ
Ҿ֪Ӧģպ촽΢΢һЦϮݻηĵ⣬ҶԸҰ׷ӡ
ȵȣаնͨռ飬ҲԸߣǧ꣡
Ұ׷ӱ͵ֵסʩչҶ磬вΪ˻òЭ
ѾҵСˣ˵ˣ
΢΢һЦ޳ʮָٵؽʶ˲һǰָâϮ
ͣ
һָâ£Ұ׷ӵ屻ǧٿףƲϵؼء
ǧȭ
ҶҲû飬˲ǧŻȭâؾޱ䣬ǵغ壬塣
ס֣ס֣㲻뱻ƣȰòҪԶһЩһ˲¹ͷǣ뿪һɱ㣡ԽԽأҰ׷Ӳò
ˣҪˣôƯСܵܣ۰ôɱɫ䣬ʩչɱУҰ׷ӡ
Ҷ֣ȫҰ׷ʱʥһϮĳӣٶȼĳ֡
սپɱȻһʥΧ鷳ˣ
оʥȺԽԽҶմߴٵ
ã
յ˵ͷֱ޳˫һ㻬˲仯һ͵˻Ұ׷ӡ
򽣹ڣ
ɱһʱҶȫ޵н壬֮£򽣣˲նâ籼ϢĽһ˻Ұ׷ӡ
أ
Ҷշ˫ɱй£صĻҰ׷Ҳֲס屬ɥ


1958 ɱ
ߣҴȥһطܣ
澳ʥ׷Ҷڻҵʮռɳۣ뾡취ʥ׷ɱ
׷ɱʥʵ̫ˣܿǵ·
Ҫˣɱ
·⣬Ҷϵķܣ׼Чδʧǰȫɱʥ顣
ɱ𣿡
۾һɣֱɵۡ
׷ɱʥ飬ٶ࣬ǵʵȫﵽ澳˿ֲһ̼佫Ҷɱ⡣
ûз裬Ҫ뿪Ͱ˵Ҷҡҡͷݿܵ
㡭
һַĸоǶ˵ʵԿٶ澳ʥ飬ûʲô
ʱҶѾת壬Ϯ˳ˮӿʥ飬֮ľԽԽ
̵ģʲô°ѵҪˮһգ
һҧҶ磬Уϣ
ľֵ
ǵط澳ʥ飬Ҷԥٻ˻ľƻľϵرԼǰһΡߴľǰֵһײе澳ʥ鹥
䣡
Ҷٻľ˲䣬Ϯһ澳ʥ鷢͵ĹڻľϣŻľҵĲӴȫʧء
򽣹ڣ
ľǿƵֵסһ澳ʥ鹥ʱҶ޼޵н壬ſǿĽ֮򣬷ӵ˻ľҲɫϣ˲仯޵нâ˳ǰ澳ʥ顣
ͣ
Լ£Ҷ˲䲶׽˽澳ʥڵ㣬һ֮£ǵ֮Դֱӽɱˡ
⣬ôܣ
ĿҶһɱ澳ʥһĻһ۶ʱɵùԲǰһĻз·𿴵˹
澳ʥʲôʱôնɱˣ
뵽Լɱ澳ʥʱǺεȵľԴҲ벻ҶΪһɱ澳ʥ顣
ľ
һ֮ҶƳž޴ѹĻľʣ澳ʥĹ
ľȫʱԼݣѰֻ֪ɱ¾񿿽澳ʥ֮Դλá
Խﵽֲĳ̶ȣ£Ҷַʮ澳ʥ㣬ʩչ򽣹ڣ˹ȥ
ݣ
һ̶ƿ
򽣹ڹ£ʮ澳ʥ̼䱬塣
ҿһ̫̬ˣ
Уɱ˽澳ʥ飬ĲͬʱҶĿԽ
ҲֻˣңĬ
㻹Ÿʲôٳ֣ҷɢǵעҶĿȣ۾ðεմ
ѾǴߣֻܰ޷ɱǣմ
ãͰҷҶ˵ͷ
ռڶ
ûԥӿǿĿռŹռ֮ӿ˲γ˿ռڶҶǰ
ռڶռر仯
Ҷû뵽վȻռ㾳磬۾ʱһ
ǣ
γɿռڶ˲䣬ľˮӿʥȺ˳ȥǿݺݵغһеĿռڶϣռڶ˵ѺۣۿҪ顣
ûľͿռڶ˫طʱ䣬ݵֲ׽ʮ澳ʥ㣬Ҷʩչ򽣹ڣȫһ̴ǵ֮Դǻɱ
ռؽ
֮ҶǿĿռ֮ǰγ˰ٵռƣʣʥĹ
ڿռؽٶʥ䴩ʱҶ㵽ԶܿǵĿռ䡣
ǳǼ
տһȫ֪Ҷ磬ʵ
ֻʣٶʥ飬˵
Ҷ絢ʱ䣬ٻػľɱ˶ٶʥ顣
ڻľҶ£ٶʥ鼸ûиҶ鷳ͱҵɱˡ
ߣѰʥ飬ǣ
ǿƻɱٶ澳ʥ飬ҶĻڣʮѰʥλá
һ
뵽Լսʮ㣬ʥȺҶȴרʥĵطʩչĲ򽣹ڣһ澳ʥɱ
Ϊɱ澳ʥ˵ļ򵥣ѵܿЩʥ飬ҵ㣡۾һɣ뵽еĿܡ
ձҶ羪ֶ¾ֵҲ¶֮ɫ
ȻоҶпͨأû뵽Ҷͨ˵ɡ
̫ˣû뵽δͨʮ㣬ǰвԣ۾ο֮ɫŨˣСϷҪǱжٸѶȰɡ


1959 
Ҫˣֻʣˣ
Ҷɱ¾ʱ䣬ɱʮŰپʮʥ飬ֻʣһƴܵʥˡ
漶꣬ƣ
Ҷ˫ʥ㣬漶˹ȥһ̴壬֮Դɱ
նɣ
Ҷǿɱʥһ
һ̣ʮϿճһ޴Ŀռţһʥ֮ڿռŴӳ
ͨˣ
ͻȻֵĿռţҶ糤һļգɽ˿ռš
ţⲻǳڣ
ɽռţҶһֿռڲ뿪ĳڣһصǿտռ䡣
ǿտռУƯһɫۣһưɫף⣬ǿտռΪһߡ
ϣ
ߣϳ飬Ҳƿϡ
СĺܲȻɾ˴δɵն˻ǵۣҶ磬Į˵Ŀ顣
Ŀ飿Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Щ˵ǰѵնռ飿
նռ飬ҪдˣƻߵĹǶһ飬ɣ㲻ܵõռܴǸС꣡˵

ðɣ֪ʲô飿
Ҷ粻Զ֮ˣȻӦգͲǣʵ
ңֻҪңͨ飡˵
㣡Ҷ۾һɵ֪ܶñ𣿡
ܣ㲻öκεıֻƾʵҽ֣ҡҡͷ
ǰսʧأҶʵ
սʧܣһж㣬㻹ᱻԶѹ˵
ðɣǰɷҵһ£ڽп飡ҶЩε˵
û⣬ԺúϢʲôʱ״̬ѣҾУ
˵꣬Ưڰеϲ˵
ң
Ҷ糢ŹͨǬδԼʱԼԹͨǬһ뵽ǬУóޱʵ̵ֱ˶УָĵԪ
շԪҶʮʱеϢ״̬
ȥһʱʱҶ뿪ǬǰǰѾ״̬Կʼսˡ
ãСˣ
˫ۣվ
˷ӿû뵽ϵС

оһҶԥٻ˲ƵĻľ
ľѹռ䣡
ܷϣж֮ϵҪֻҪ޷͵ն˫ţս
⣬ѵǻľ
Ųϱ󣬳ſǿտռ䣬ɢŻйĻľµϲµ˻ľ
ǻľ
ľ̫֪Ҷû˵ͷ
ľлľյ۾һᶨҶͷ
С㲻ûľҲǵƾʵƴΣҶǱ
ԣ
Ҷ˵ͷջ˻ľ
Ҳֹͣںһ·ɵĳǹϡ
ССˣ
϶һ볤ǹںһһҡҷĿŹҶ硣
Ѫȼգ޵н壡
ϮҶԥȼǿѪ֮ǿʣһƥе񽣣һӭȥ
أ
Ҷ绯񽣣ϴĹƳǹײһ𣬶ʱ޾Ļ⣬ռ
ǿĹ
ӲһҶֻԼ屻ϴ̳һǹˣڵѪһѪڶ
һǹ֮Ͻµҵط˻ӿȣ·ûصľˣҶ緢͵ĹҪû
֮򣡡
Ի˵ϣҶſǿĽ֮ĽâлȫֵϵĹ
䣡
ϻľ˺ݺݵغҶſĽ֮ϣµ֮ѺۣлĹ⽣̼ˡ
һ̣ҶſĽ֮򣬳ܲסϵĹȫ顣
Ҷ⵽ǿɣѪ

Σʱ̣Ҷ粻ƣ̤ȫ㣬ܿϵĹ
ƣȴϹ£ϵؼأϵ·ѱѪȾ졣
Сʵˣ޷ңϿѪ߰ߵҶ磬Ե˵
ǰԲŸոտʼھ̸ʤǲ̫һЩҶøɾѪһ̼Ӧϵ㡣
̵Ͽֲʵ֪ҪʤֻҵлĿܡ


1960 ɰڴһ
ͣǧ䰡
ҶΨһϣҶܻϣܽҶϣ뿪µĹط
ģҲ䣡
ҶһٴγǿĽ֮򣬶ԿʵԶԶϡ
֮ǿʵ̫޷ӽ֮֮ûвϵ˵ûΪҶ漶磬ݻԾ
ݣ
Ͽٵش̳һǹһ裬̽˽֮УҶ硣
漶꣬ƣ
Σʱ̣Ҷ漶껯һɫ񽣣һ˾轣â
ǣ
һϵܼıС
Ҷ漶ͽ֮Ƶϵһǹ
ҵҪƵҶٹ
ȭâƣֳֹƳǹ˽֮
޼
һ羪һǹâҶֳ޴ĻľӰ
һ֮£Ҷںе˻޼֮ݿһֲȭâ

ǿĹҶԳʱҶ̤˲䴩ط籩ƽϣǧȭ
䣡
һı
Ҷǧȭ£ϸոڵĿռˡ
ϷӦ̫죬գ֮ǧԶҶһֱˡ
СĹٶеԶϵ˵
ǰ㿴ܷȭ
Ҷһ̤ϡ
ڿʮ״ʱҶͻȻӿʱ٣һȭϡ
ʱ٣
ŹٶͻȻӿҶ磬ϱܵ㡣
˲䣬ķ֣Ҷһȭϵطٷ
ã
ݵͣٺֽʩչʱٹҶ磬һȭϵϣڽȻ䱬̵ĳˮУƻ壬Ӳ
ʱٹʱٹ򣡡
û뵽㾹Ȼʱر仯
¶һ˿֮ɫҶԽĿء
ҶͨԽӦϵ壬Ѱ㡣
ؿڣ
ԼݸӦ£ҶоϵؿںԴȪڣΪٶ̫죬޷ȷλʲôط
ؿڵλãҶֳ漶꣬Ϸ
һ񣡡
Ҷ罫Ĵ漶ͼݵ£һ̳µ֮֮⻪һٿռ䣬ϵؿڡ
Ҷһû㣬ֳֹƳǹȫӭ
ˣ
ǹ⣬ײһ𣬶ʱ޾Ļ⣬µΪģĴɢռ˺ѵǧٿס
ԣݣ
Ҷҧأ޵н壬ڽ֮Ĵ漶ͼƴԽӦϵ仯Ѱڡ
һҶ缸ȫ
ϵʵֲ̫ʮҶƿʼأһڿѪ漶֣Ǳǿķѿ˵Ѻۡ
Сʵ̫ˣ޷ң
͵طһƥǹâݺݵػ漶꣬Ӳ漶ѣҶ˳ȥˤǧԶ
⣬Ҫ˰ɣ
ˣҸô죬ǲҪط
űһǹ̷ɣصҶ磬Щˡ
δأ
ҶһסڷѪ޸漶ѺۣϷ
ڲʩչ£Ҷ֮ʵ̫ʹȫĵƣ޷ϡ
ȴֳֹƳǹһǹǹ̷˳ȥƲϵؼء
Сϲ䣡
أ·ͱѪȾҶ磬ϲһ˿˵

Ҷһ־߰˵ֳ漶꣬ſ֮򣬼Ϸ͵Ĺ
ãҵҪֶܼã
Į˵ֳֹƳǹ̳һƥǹâҶĹ塣
ˣһжˣ
弸ϻֻʣм֮Ҷ磬类һУ뵽С
ϲ䣡
ԽԽصҶ磬Į۾ȴ͸һ˿͵Ĺâʵ

Ҷһƺ֮Ѫǿѹˡ
ȻҶʮأȴûоѪȾ۾ȴԽļ㡣
ԼݸӦ£ڵ㡣
ɰڴһˣ
Ҷһĳ޵еϡ
ֱƳǹںϣһʱҶĿؿĳ
һ̣ʩչһֱδõ򽣹ڣϷһ
򽣹ڣ
Ҷ罫޵нĹ£˲ݻ޵֮ռ䣬ɱ㡣
򽣹Ϯϱܵı仯ʽ
򽣹ڵĹֲ̫Ҷ⹥㡣
䣡
һϵܼıС
򽣹ڽߵ˺ϵķϣ˳ȥ


1961 
СӮˣ
ϼѵڵΪ⵽ʱϱޱ˵͸һ˿
Ӯˣ⡭Ӯˣ
ֻԼԴЩתˡ
ոջѹƣֻʣм֮Ҷ磬գ֮ͻϣһĻͺϷһ㣬ոое١
ǰǲǿԵõռˣҶʵ
ԣȥ̫棡ϵ˵ͷҶ˳ȥ
Сиɫ
Ŵ뿪Ҷ磬̫滺վ˵
ھʹȥȡ
˵ţ̫˺ѿһռѺۣҶ߽ӡرĵط
ˣ
̫濪ӡ˲֪µĽʱҶǰĹŵһ޴ȫѪ
ǰǡ
Ҷɴ˫ۣ̫棬ʵ
֮ģҵǿչ·õĻԵ֮һ̫˵
ǿչ·ǰȥǿչ·Ҷ۾һɣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ţ̫ʱڣǿչ·ǿչ·̫ΣˣֻΧǿչ·еõҲ֣̫֮˵ͷ
ǰиʣʵǿ󣬵Ϊȴ˵СأҶ˽⣬ʵ൱ʵ
ΪҲ壬ʵѪֻ´Уһ壡̫͵
ԭ
̫ĽͣҶ⿪˲ٵɻ
ǰ֮ģǿչ·õʲôҶʵ
֮ģһõɱ¾֮Ĺڲͼ̫˵
ɱ¾֮ĹڲͼҶ۾һɣ¶˲֮ɫɱ¾֮Ĺͼôǿչ·С
ҵõɱ¾֮Ĺͼһ⡢ɻ󣬵Ҷǿչ·˸ε˽⣬֪ԭ򣡡
ǿչ·̫ʱһֳƺƺ׼ȷǿչ·֣Ӧ棡̫ʯ쾪˵
桭ô˵ǿչ·ĵطҶüͷһƣԾ˵
ǿչ·ĵطҲĵط̫˵ͷҲ²⣬ؾпܶģɱ¾֮ĹͼŻǿչ·С
ǰǿչ·һʲôʱҪܽǿչ·УҶ簴סĵ𾪣ʵ
Ҳ֪ǿչ·ʱ䣬ǸʱڣֻҪʵﵽ澳ܽǿչ·һ֧Ϊ˱õĻᣬǿзӡǿչ·ڣֱӵս̫Ҷ͸¶һҪϢ
ǰһһĵطҶ˼һ˵ĻӦֻһΪͻ壬˵̫̫˴֮䣬ӦҲǾְɣΪ˵Ǣ
Ҳ⣡̫˵һ󵨵Ĳ²⣬Ҳ̫죬̫һˡ
һˣҶ۾һɣֱɵۡ
ţһˣ;ѣ˵ĺгԿ󲿷Դ̫˵ͷֻҵĲ²⣬ǲ࣬ҪԼ
ˣǽȥɣ
Ҷ͸¶˲̫Ҷ߽˹ŵС
С֮ģɱ¾֮ĹͼҵڽǴ㣬ϣõΪԼ屨𣬸壡̫е
İǰҲҵĵˣһЩҰļңһƬҶ˵ͷ֤
С֮ԴӵõûںϹ֪ں֮ģεȵЧҪ׼Ҳں֮ģΣգ̫ѵ
ףܼԦ֮ģҶ˵ͷᶨ˵
ãڸ壬ҽ֮ڣɱ߾磡̫˵ͷ˵
ͣ
Ҷһ漶ӳĻ꺣һƤ
һ̣̫ٻ֮ģǿнڽҶ塣
óأ
֮ĽҶ壬ҶоԼз·һΡĸɽޱȳصѹΣܵĴ
Сȫ֮ģ
ųܲסִ֮Ѻ۵Ҷ磬̫һҶдһӡһ˵
ã
Ҷҧ촽ǿͺ֮Ѫȫ֮ġ
֮ĵЧ΢΢֮Ѫ֮ĵЧȴԡ
ں֮Ѫ£֮ĿʼҶںϣĸؼᡣ
ҶȫͶ뵽֮ĵĹʱͻȻ⵽һɿֲҵĲҶ硣
ʲôˣ
ҶʮߵĿֲܺߵˣͨ
Ҫģȫ֮ģ̫ɫȴûб仯
ǣǰ
Ҷһһں̫ڵӡһ߿ƺ֮Ѫں֮ġ
¡¡
ʱٴ⵽һѺڴӣԽԽ


1962 ̫
ǰʲôڹߣ
Ҷɫص˵ԺиֳµӰ
ûиоߵ̫죡̫˵ž޲Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ
̫죬ȻˣҶɫһ
㲻Ҫģ̫ǿҲô״ģҵҪ£һʵΣ̫Ե˵óһ̣ⷽٵˡ
ⷽ飬еĽȫˡ
ʱѵ̫죬̤űĺˮһ߽С
š
߽ߵ˲䣬ͻȻо¿ռ䷢˱仯ɫ΢΢һ䣬һӰܵƶ
䣡
ƶ˲䣬һ
µıϵع̫죬
̫ʵǿ󣬿µı޷ƿ
ܼıУһ⣬ٵǰ
ˣ
;һ޴ͼʱͼͻȻӿǿĴ֮⣬˲û壬Ҫߡ
ƣ
̫⵽֮⴫ʱž޴ͼһȭ
꣡
̫ųһˣһȭεȵĿ¡
һȭ֮£޴ͼˣֱʵĴ֮Ҳ֮ʧ
֮ʧ޴ͼȴһ̱ըˡ
µıըݺݵس̫˵ϸСѺۣһ˿ϸ΢Ĳ
˼û뵽ﾹȻôƻأҵҪʲôģ
Ȼ̫֪滹иĽƣԼʵţ绹ûǸطвԼ
ͣ
̫Ӷһֱֱۣ˺˿ӿıըģȥ
֪ߵ·Ҷ統ߵ·ȻͬһΪյ֮Ѩ
СҪģȫ֮ģֻ㽫֮ȫҲܷ뿪
ϲϻıըҶģʱ̫Ķ
ã
Ҷһһеƺ֮Ѫ֮ģٽڽ塣
֮ĵںϣҶʵҲڼٵԽԽǿļޡ
֮ĲǴǿչ·õģǿ£
ҶոͻǵûãҪʱͻƵǸܣں֮ĺһʱȴ𾪷֣ʵ
һָоԼ֮ģ˵һͻƵǵ澳硣
¡¡
ҶȫͶ뵽֮ĹʱΧٴ˾޴ı֮ǿ߾ҵҡΡ
̫첻һˣʵȻǿ󣡡
оԼµؽƲϱ̫ԵʵƵ̫ȴûˣ̫ϵ֮ɫŨˡ
̫ߵ·ͨ·Ҷ缸ûв
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
У̫Ƶ˲֪ٽƣԽԽΣյ֮Ѩ
ţǿ֮ǰʲô
оռ֮ԽԽǿ̫üͷ΢΢һ壬˶ɡ
ûмŲǰУ֮Ѩ⡣
ţǡ
վ׵֮Ѩ⣬֮ѨԵɢŸ̬ʬǣ̫üͷԽԽ
ѵǵʬǵĵط̫
ţж
׵֮Ѩ̫ǿĸ֪֮Ѩ²΢ϢԾ֮Ѩв鿴
̫죬̫Ϊˣ
о̫Ծ֮ѨУ̫¶һ˿Цݣʱ׼Լ֮ѨеĽƣ̫췢
ʯǻʯ
Ծ֮Ѩ̫֮ѨһɸߵĻʯʯ棬ѹŴİ׹ǡ
ͨЩ׹ϲϢЩ׹ǰʵ£˸ǰ벽
ʯգ
ʯܴ켫ƷܴǰĻʯ̫޴ˣ̫ҲЩĶ
ǿнŻʯʱһǿϢڻʯиա
飬ʯ飡
̫û뵽ʯһɿµ飬Լûв
ĳ֣̫ᵽһ˿ѰϢ̫Ըˣһʯջ̫ûеһʱ뿪
ԣ
̫ǿշʯʱڻʯеͻȻԱˡ
µԱ˲뵽˻ʯУ˱̫ķ£ڻʯµĴơ
䣡
飬ǧؽͬʱըը˻ʯ
ʯ飬֮ѨƣԼʯѹͬһʱ䱬ըˣ˱޿ɱ̫ܵ졣
壡
ֱ˿̣̫֪Լˣǻʯ鶼ԼնĿǶԼĻһ
̫ΪһˣŴĵƣԵʵһƣΧ˹ķȫɱĻ


1963 ߱ը
ǰʲôˣ
ȫ֮ĵҶ磬һα޴ѣ۾Ծʵ
ո֮ѨһŻʯһҷӡ飬ԼĽƣһ̫죡̫˵޷ش̫죬ֻˡ
ߡǰ㣡Ҷɫһ䡣
ҵԪѾ˾ͷѾ̫ˣҵĿ飬õҴе˵Ѿûźˡǰش̫죬һѵǺܲѡ񣡡
ˣ㲻Ҫģ֮ģ֮뿪̫˵
ͬʱ֮Ѩıըң̫Ȼһˣһֻ̤ԲȻֵס֮Ѩըһǿķ飬ƿʼأǱɻ֮һռ䡣
ռ䣡
Σʱ̣̫ʩչռµľؾ磬޸ſռ䣬֮Ĺ
ɱ¾֮ƣ
贴Ŀռ䣬ǿеס֮Ѩ̫켤˴ɱ¾֮Ĺеõɱ¾֮ǿ˺ռ䣬֮ѨϿȥ
䣡
֮Ѩϵըһֲıը֮Ĺ̫塣
ɱ¾֮£ɱ¾֮ķ̫ﵽȫľ磬ϵػ֮Ѩвıը
ٶȼ̫ɵȫݵ֮ѨϿʱɫ԰һ֣ǸʳһѪ
Ϊһˣ̫ѾܾúܾûˣαƣЩץֻɱйޡ
˭Ʊ񣬱һңţ̫췢ݵĬ
飡
̫ûٵʱ䣬ֱӹҵĿռ䣬һռ䱻飬пٵشѰˡ
̫ԵʵϵشԽռ䣬ҵߵ·е޵
л꣡
оеĲл꣬ŭ̫һֱ̽޵ҪеĲлꡣ
̫׼л걻˲䣬ըˣ̫޷ͨл֪꣬ܡ
С˶֮ģ
̫촫ڲ̫治òȫ֮ĵҶ磬˵
Ӧ֮һ֮ģҶ˽յ˫³һ
С̫ʵҵҲðˣ֪Ҷ֮һ֮ģ̫ԷһӡؽƵ˳ݸҶ磺зӡľɱ¾֮Ĺͼһֱȥɱ¾֮ĹԵ
Сһ֪֣
ǰҶ磬лǰĻԵ֤һŬЩҰļңΪ壬屨𣬻ȶҶ˵ϣűͷ̫ͷŵ
úã£̫˵ͷο˵˫ַҶ磬ص֮¡
磬ҵǿıҲ͸㣡̫һ޵ıС͸Ҷ硣
ˣʱԴߣΪﱻҲµĽƣѾ޷ƽ⣬еһˣֻ뿪̫˵
˵̫꣬濪Ŀռ䴫
磬Һϲ壬ܲǸСԸ⣬˼һеһб㣡չҶĸ첲Լ˫ز䶯ջ˵
᲻ɣҶƳһգΪߡ
㡭
ҶĻպ޵ֱȴ޿κΣٰԥò˻Ҷϣ뿪
磬ԶиӣҪ۾飬۾ʱǻƭ˵ģ̫涣һ˿ռ䴫󣬽Ҷ磬Լ괫ˡ
̫죬֮ҲӦ˶ˣ
塢屻̫Ļ֮һȻ̫֪Լʵ޷ɱǰҲҪ̫һļ䣬һʹĽѵ
߽ƣ
̫һеĽƣŭ̫˽
ƹرգ̫̫棬һһ˲Ƴ֡
Ǻˣ
Ű׷ԲԣϲƺͺɫߣΪһ̫棬̫ϡоЩ졣
ʱ̫̫ˣ̫һʱûϳ
Ϸ̫֪㻹ǵ𣿡
̫汳˫֣һȻؿ̫죬ûΪ־塣
̫㾹Ȼû
Ȼ̫ûϳϵ̫棬ȴ֪̫¶֮ɫ
̫죬ô̫浭˵ðɣʶķϣϷԸɡ
˵ţ̫һ̤·ܳƣߵĿռ䷢췭ظı仯
ˣ
̫û뵽̫澹ȻҪߣɫʱˡ
̫죬Ҳµʱ򣿡̫Цһ̫죬ϣǰ⡣
ߣ
߱ըռҷ


1964 編
ڰޱ޼ʵĺڰ
֪õĿռ䴫ͣҶ磬յһֲָĺڰɭС
ţǾɱ¾֮Ĺ
߳ںڰɭĿռ䴫ǿںڰɭоһصĿռ䣬ؿռ䣬еĹâ˺ڰ硣
ߣȥǬ˵
˵ţҶ罫մ͵ǬС
ʮʱ٣㾹ȻӵôߵȼĿռ䱦
оǬռеʱ٣۾ʱ
գҺл˵ȥһɣպлᣬһһģ
ҶȲҪ֧ͨա
ô֮仹˽飬ôصģƯڰУͲ˵
գķϻ̫ˣٷϻҲ⽫ѹҶղ޺øУؾ
ߣм飡
Ҷľ棬նʱʵˣһԶԶ߿ˡ
ǲǿгŵͨˣ
ҶǬ֮ռ䣬Ƶ
ţҶãھʹǸͨ˵ͷ
Ǹ桭Ļ֤ʵҶĲ²⣬Ȼ²һ㣬档
Ҷ磬Ҫ˵ǷͨⷨͨǸ棬ͨܲ򣬿ԽԼı֮ɷ࣡ϸ˵
֮ɷͨҶüͷһƣˡ
ı֮ǻľܽľɷ࣬ܳΪԼɱﵣǱԳԭʼ̥
Ҷ磬㼯оڿʼˣ
˵ţ˰۵ָҶͷϣһǿ겨͸ָҶԺС
ԼһʱķͨڸҶ硣
лл㣬ⷨͨҺҪ
һ鷨ͨҶĳ˼м˵
֮ԼңȻҪгŵ¶ɰСѣЦ˵
ȥδӣûȥĵط߰ɣҶ⽫صߡ
ðҶ磬պܰһطҪȥǸطȡµĿӡǣ˵ͷ
ʲôطҶʵ
Ǹطк֮Ĺ˼һ£˵
֮ĹҶһɣֱɵۡ
ѵ֮ĹҲռ䣡ҶԺиֳһ󵨵뷨
û⣬Ҵ֪֮Ĺλã׼ʱǰҪȥÿͬУ
֮ĹصĹѨȻ̫һ֪˺֮ĹΧͼҶ֪ҪӺ֮Ĺߺ֮죬Ҷû뵽֮Ĺйأ˵ܴԼõ֮ĹдԵļʣ
һʱ䣬ɣʲôҪĽ㣬չ˺ģ
ҶҵƵߣ򵥸Ƶ
İɳ磬һչ˺ģƵϲοɰḧСԴ˵
ٺҶҵһ֮أ֮ģͨľԼķࡣ
£һ죬Ǭʮ졣
ܿ죬ҶǬ˾ʮ꣬Ҳȥꡣ
Ϊ̫߳˴ءصչˣʴļƻҲԴϢ
ҶʮУ֮ںһ𣬽֮ӴһͻƵǵ۷徳硣
ͻƣᵼȣӰ񾳣֮е㹻ͻƵǵ澳硣
Ȼûͻǵ澳Ҷȴᵽ֮ĵǿսں֮ģ˲һ磬ټϺѪ㲻ʩչȼԪҲܷǵ۷ʵ
ͻƣҶͨȴЩͣͣٳ޷۳࣬ò
֪Ϊʲôٳ޷ľɷ𣿡Ҷüͷšһ𣬿ʵ
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫżҹͨûκ⣬ٳ޷ͻƣӦı̫֮ѶȴԳٳ޷ɹ˼һᣬ˵㻹Ӽһɹķǰǿ󡣡
ðɣҾһʱ䣡ҶһھͶ뵽ľĹС
ܿ죬ȥ꣬Ǭйȥһʮꡣ
編࣬
һʮУżįƶҶ磬ڽľòƵĻ編ࡣ
ֻ編ʵԶԶҶ硣
벽񣡡
編ƳҶʱһɼֲϢоɿֲϢҶȫ϶ԼĻ編࣬ӵа벽ս


1965 տ
Ҷ磬ϲ۳࣡Ҷ۵Ļ編࣬˹뷨ںϣЧΡ
ãҶ˵ͷ編࣬ڣ
Ҷͨ£Ҷ編ںһ
һ̣Ҷʵڽ˲ӵа벽սټϺ֮Ѫ֮ʱȫ¼һս죬пܻɱ¼
ͨȻ죡оǵսҶ¶ЦݣսӦÿʼǬһ˰ɡ
˵ţҶǬԵƿǬһռĽơ
䣡
Ҷ編ںϣսֲ̫̼Ǭһռƣ뵽ǬĿռ䡣
ʮʱ٣
뵽ǬĿռ䣬Ҷ緢ʱʮǳҺ̬״ˮڿռ
ţǡ
ҶɨǬĿռʱһɸߣͨɫûҶƬѿľ
ľ֮£ϥһ޵ߡ
ǡʱľ
ǰɫľݵֳľľ֮һʱľ̺صʱ
Ǭܼʱ䣬ʱľйأҶԭͲ²⣬ǬмпʱľȻǬ˱̬ļӿʱ١
ǰʱľȥӰļֵһлʱľ̺ʱ
ӦþǬ֮ɣ
뵽֪ϢҶµǬ֮ݡ
Ҷ粢ȤҶʱȴǿ̺ǿĵ⡣
Ǭ֮棬֪ջ᲻ϲҶ΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݡ
ˣ
ҶָǬ֮ʱ˫ĿӦȥǬ֮ͻȻ˽յ˫һǿ˫бӿҶ꺣
δɢ꣡
ͻȻ⵽Ǭ֮꺣δɢ깥Ҷ粢ţԿٵɡ
̼䣬Ǭ֮걻ˡ
ʧȥ꣬Ǭֱ֮۾Ҳûһ˿
֪ǬĿռ仹ʲô
Ǭ֮δɢ꣬ҶӦǬĿռ䣬ŲʥʵЩʥҶļֵѾߡ
ţǡϱʯ
ӦһǬĿռ䣬Ҷ緢ʱľԶһ޴񵶣Ա߷һž޴Ļʯ
ɢϢѵӦǼƷ
ӦǬ֮ûʯ޸񵶣ΪƹأҶ˶Ͽ񵶺ͻʯ׼޸͸ޣ
գ
оǬĿռмֵĶҶ罫һľϵٻǬĿռ䡣
ʮʱ١Ҷ磬⵽ʲôȼĿռ䱦۾һɣĿȵʵ
գķϻ̫ˣҶĮ˵Ѿҵһ壬ҪҪˡ
塭
˳ҶָտǬ֮ʱȦˡ
磬ûпЦɣҵһͷ
ԣͷҶ˵ͷǰʵӦôﵽ澳۷壬̺֮⣬ʱָܻ۷ʵл̤벽񾳽硣
Ůİʵ޷ܣһͷʵ
ԲԼŮģҶ絭Ȼ˵

ˣѾҵҪҪˣҶ翴ԥյ
㣬㻹ڸ𣿡Ǭ֮ϵףԽԽܡ
ðɣ޷ǾˣҪһŮ۷澳Ѷж󣬶Ѿҵʵ޷ܣԺҲҲΥԼҶʼ
ǡ
գҪ׷ʲôòϴҶյĻгһ̤ϣ̤񾳣㻹Ҳ߿
ðɣҽҵ
ҶĻ״գһҧ¶ġ
ˣҪʹˣպ֪յѡǺεȵȷҶЦЦ˵У㲻Ƕ˸Ȥ𣿱ˣ
硭һͷձ˵
ͷôˣͷҲˣƵգҶϵЦݸŨˡ
㡭
ձҶû£ֱû뵽Ǭ֮Ļ꺣Уʬꡣ
յޱȵǿ󣬺ܿƿǬ֮
Ǭ֮ʱȴˣ޵ޱȵҡ
Լŵգһͷ


1966 ɱ¾֮Ĺ
ɱ¾֮ĹĹ֮һ
ɱ¾֮Ĺʱ壬Ǻǿдɱ¾֮Ĺƣ뵽棬Ϸɱ¾֮ĹеĿԵ
̫͸Ҷɱ¾֮Ĺͼעɱ¾֮ĹһصĹĹĹĹصļпûб巢֡
ϣĹĹڣ
ҶȰںڰռзУɱ¾֮Ĺڣ׼Ǳɱ¾֮ĹС
ʲôˣ
Ҷ翿ɱ¾֮Ĺʱɱ¾֮ĹڵĽƣפɱ¾֮Ĺڵʮܡ
ԭʼ̥ɱ
ٱ֣Ҷٻ澳ԭʼ̥ٻ漶꣬ɱʮܡ
פɱ¾֮Ĺڵʵ˸棬Ҷԭʼ̥ȣмʵࡣ
Ҷԭʼ̥ɱ¾£ʮ̼䱻ǶɱһѪƮɢ
һƣ
Ѹײڶ֮ƻɱʮܣҶ漶ûɺɫ񽣣һǰһ˷ӡɱ¾֮ĹڵĽƣ뵽ɱ¾֮ĹС
ŨϢ
뵽ɱ¾֮ĹҶоɱ¾֮ĹгŴ֮Ϊɱ¾֮Ĺ򴩣ûжΣգҶٶȼɱ¾֮ĹдͼעĹĹȥ
ţˣ
Ҷɱ¾֮Ĺмٷһʱ;һʵĺںʱںںвһǿϢ
Ϣ֮ǿﵽ澳۷塣
˼û뵽汻ӡ㻹б½뵽
ںð˴ݣһɫۣͷң˺ںӣðĹ۾Ҷ
ħ棡
оɢŨŨħҶµݡ
СطӦˣħײе˵㽫ûȥ
ƾ㣡
ͻƵ澳Ҷ˾ǧڽƾǿŰɱ澳ܡ
䣡
һȭɱ¾֮ĹеĿռ䱻ˡ
µȭâϢһȭħ档
ںӣ𣡡
оҶһȭ֮ħɫ΢΢һ䣬ں֮еֵƵҶһȭ
û뵽㾹Ȼںӣ
оںħںһҶ²ںӦǱ
޼
ں󣬵ȴ޷вҶ硣
֮籡Ҷ壬ѸΡߴĻľӰһ֮ǧڽĴ漶ͼںһ𣬻޼˺Ϯĺںӣħ档
ۣ
Ȼںӻ˾󲿷ֻ޼Ĺµشħ棬˳ȥݵǲһ㱻ˡ
̵ҶĿ£ħ浨ˣ붼ûѸɱ¾֮Ĺȥ

һɹɿҶٻ˫ᣬԼٶ׷ɱ֮ززħ棬ʮ׷͵Ĺ
֣
صħ棬ֵסҶ͵ĹѸٻһֻӴʮײеĹԿҶ硣
ͨ
ħٻĹҶٶȲײȥ
ڽһײֱӽǧ׳Ĺײˡ
漶꣬𣡡
ײҶ˲ư㵲˾Ŷӵħǰٻ漶նһƿķ룬ɱ
ɱħ棬Ҷɱ¾֮Ĺзȥ
ûɶãһʵͬµ湥
ں֮ģͻƵǵ澳磬Ҷսֲ̫ˣʮնɱ档
û뵽ɱ¾֮ĹȻħռˣ
ž룬Ҷ粻ϵħĸ֣ɱ¾֮Ĺзżҵɱ
ʯ
Լʱ䣬ɱ¾Ҷ磬ɱ¾֮ĹյͼעҵһƽʯʯǽĹĹĵһڡ
漶꣬ƣ
Ҷһ漶ȫһһ˺˽ʯеĽƣ뵽档
ţӡôнӡѵҽ뵽
뵽ʯеĿռ䣬ҶⷢһǳǳĽӡüͷ
ϣĹĹûб˷֣
ȻҶ粻ĹĹкαоĹĹеĻԵɱ¾֮ĹеĻԵ
Ҷóͼһ·ĹĹڶڷȥ
ɱ¾֮ĹŴ壬ħܣĹĹȴܰûܡ
ž룬Ҷ⵽˲ûĻ깥
ԣɣ
ԴĻ꣬ҶٻԣԷĻꡣ
ܿ죬ҶҵĹĹڶڣ˺˽ƣ뵽ɱ¾֮Ĺ
нӡ
뵽ڶĹѨռ䣬ҶַǳǳĽӡ
ҶҴӽӡۼӦøûã
оԼһѰĹĹҶ粻ɵýԼݣСǰ
Լʱ䣬Ҷ簴յͼעƵ˵ڶƣ뵽ɱ¾֮ĹĹĹС


1967 
ţʬǣôɵʬǣ
뵽߻Ұ͸ϢĹĹҶ緢ĹĹɢŴʬ֮ɵʬǣЩʬµĺۼЩʱ䲢
Ǹ˾ĹĹУҶϵ֮ɫŨˡ
ĹĹеˣ̫ǸܣҶ編࣬Ҳ޷֮⡣
ͨ۲ʬǵĺۼҶоĹĹˣܲܡ
ʵɵʬǣ̼佫Ƿ顣
ϣҵĲ²ǶԵģȻ鷳ˣ
Ҷ簴סĵ壬СļǰнһᣬͻȻͣɿճٻ˳
ɿճ棬ٸһ뿪ɱ¾֮Ĺͨ
Ҷ粻֪ĹĹлкεȵΣյȴԼԭʼ̥ɿճ£ɿճҴĹĹͨԷⷢ
֮Ҷԭʼ̥ػɿճ棬Сǰ

Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻһŭĶУµĹĹе֮ҵط纣Хһ㡣
벽񣡡
ҶԼٵݣ˹ȥоһɰ벽Ϣһǿ󿰱Ȱ벽ս
ԭǰ벽񣬲ܣ
Ҷ糤һ׷
編࣬¼ܶԿҪ˵벽ˡ
֪˵ʵ׷
ûдݾߣѪϢڰԶԶȥ׼̵
Ƽ
ȫںɫУʵòİ벽ͻȻǧ𽣣Ϯ£һ׳ȫˮ״СƬͷһɺǣſֲ
ͣ
ڰ벽ʩչƼ£ȫƬ飬޴ʹмŭֲһ㹥˰벽
ȻͬΪ벽񾳣ĹĹУԴԴںĹĹе֮ս
Ĺ£벽ĹƲϱѹƣӸĺˡ
Ƽ𻯹ˣ
Ҷüͷһƣ¶֮ɫѰҵĹĹĲ壬ħܣ𻯹Ĵܡ
˵˭أ
Ҷ翴ںɫУһ֣̽ʵӰв²
ѵ
ͻȻҶԺиֳһˡ
ԣݣ
ΪŪ벽ݣҶԼݣŴ͸벽Χ֡
ʮֵĹ죬ݵ£޷͸Ҷ粻ò
ʱƱѹƵİ벽ͻȻУһĿİ׹ӳ塣
飡
벽漶ݵ£仯һɵĹ
ײеڵײŹʱ޾Ĺӳûǧ򣬽߹
໣
⵽벽ʩչ鹥ӴǧٿףɫѪҺٲ
֮򣡡
ʩչ벽ʤ׷ſµĹ֮Ĺ
࣬Ҫ
ڹ֮򹥻£Ʋϵؼأŭ֮£ѿѪڣ³֮Դ飬˺Ź֮򣬽߹˰벽
ۣ
⵽ֲ鹥벽ˣߵķݣӰ׹һѪ
ɣ
³飬ش벽Ѫɫ۾͵ĹƱҪ˺ѡ
֮𣡡
Σʱ̣벽ٻһӳŲ֮⣬ֲ̺ʯͷĹ
ʯҶʯŰ벽ٻʯҶϳҶϵǿʯҲȷ˰벽ݡ
ôҵҶ
ȷǰİ벽𻯹ʥŮҶ׼
ʱʯشٴηȼ飬ǿ˺ʯӳ֮ʥŮ
ۣ
ڷ£ʥŮƲϼأȫʯҲ޹⡣
أ
ʯȫȼյײһ𣬿µײӲʯײˡ
ã
ʥŮû뵽ǰ˵Ѳɫ΢΢һ䣬ϵҪ㡣

߷˿ֲʯʥŮ꺣Уһ
һ̣ײʯصײϡ
µ̵֮ĳˮӿ뵽壬˺ȫľʥ˻˵Ѻۡ
أ
ѪʥŮ˳ȥײһķذʹĵǧ֮⣬ȫʧȥ˷
΢࣬Ϊɣ
ѿѪڣҧƼأʥŮ
ʥŮ뵽֮УһʱͻȻһӳ޵֣֮һ˺˿ռ䣬ն緿ӰԴ
ԴǿĵطŲƬƷ޷ƿ⵽ͻȻֵ޵񽣹޴Դնˡ
ѪȪһ㣬ӿ˳Ⱦ档
ţ޵նԴն׳壬룬
ˣ
촦ѪУһΪʥŮһ۾һڣ뵽֮С


1968 磬ң
˿˿̽ʥŮ˫УţоԼͱһɸҺ˳Լĺʽ塣
أڻˡ
˭˭ң
ʥŮƣ˫ΧİĻʶָ
ôô־ҡ
ʥŮԣעԼҶʱɴƯ۾¶˲˼֮ɫ
ģǳһ˿ҡ
Ҳû뵽Լ֮ʣԼĻҶ硣
ˣ
ڻʥŮҶ¶˵Цݡ
֪ΪΣҶ翴ʥŮͻȻоЩϤĸǲĪĸӦ
ԸӦ£ҶоʥŮϣӦøһ֮⣬ڸʵò
ɻ֮⣬Ӧʯ
˭ΪʲôϤĸоʶ
ҶԽʥŮԽоϤٵԣҪ͸ʥŮϵĻ󣬿ݡ
ҶӵĿ⣬ʥŮĪĽȴԶԼأᶯһ£ʹ飬ȫв˺Ѱʹ
˺أòҪһ뾡һа취ģһѪʥŮҶе˵ݸһݣˡ
Ҷ磬ôʥŮŬԼ侲ݣȶһƣؿҶ
żȻ䷢ģҶ纬˵أôġ
Һһ䷢ģ
˵꣬ʥŮָ˳ĬϥڵϣĬĬˡ
ʥŮʶ𣿡
߿ʥŮҶͻȻʵ
ʶʥŮϢһ˿ǲԾһ£㲻ҶҶֵ𣿡
ҵ˼ǣԭʶ𣿺ܾúܾǰ
оʥŮ΢Ϣ֤ʵҶеĲ²⣬ʵ
ʶ
ʥŮҡҡͷն˵
ҽһ𣿡ҶĬ˼룬˵
˵꣬ʥŮԣڶ½֪మĹ̵˳
˵гһҷǰԵ˵ƭ𣿡
֪ʥŮĬã³֡
ΪΣѣĻƭ𣿡
ҶʥŮ΢΢Щҵ۾˵
Ҷ磬ǲϴˣ˭ѣʥŮ˲ָ̬䣬͸һ˿߰˵
ѣ㲻αװˣѾݣ
ԼݸӦ£ҶڿʥŮݣҶ糯˼ĺѡ
˵ˣϴˣҲѣʥŮҡҡͷ˵
ѣԭĻ㶼˵Ҷˣѵ⻹𣿡Ҷȭͷ˵
ЩӦӣңʥŮر۾˵Ҫˣϣ㲻Ҫˡ
ѣҲ֪ڹ˼ʲôǷһ𿸣Ҷ粽ƣҧ˵
Ĭ
ѣ֪Ϊ㣬Ҿһ
Ĭ
ѣУ
Ĭ
Ҷ˵ϥ˵ʥŮһֱųĬ
ʥŮĮӦҶʱͻȻоҶԼ˹ɴ۾͸һ˿ңܵҪ
̫أ޷Ҷſ˻§˻С
һ̣Ҷ罫ʥŮƵڵϣ˫
ˣ
ĴӣʥŮһƬհףһϤԵϢ촽ɢġ
ҶдǿʥŮ˲ܵķ
Ҷ§ʵ̫ˣʥŮǰͦεȫΣЩѣ޷ҶĻ
ҶǵԽԽʥŮԺеķһˣ⳾ļӿ뵽ԺУķԽԽӸǱҶϰԵϢһڻ
ʥŮоԼҪڻҪϢʱҶֹͣǿһǣӵϷ
ѣ𣿡
΢죬ĿԽԽͣٵʥŮҶӭ۾
磬֪ϣ㼫пܻû
飬ʥŮҲֹסĵУҧʪ촽
˵ˣһ𿸣κˣκ¶޷ֹһ𣡡ҶҡҡͷԵǿƵ˵
ˣʥŮϵؾţʧȥңӵиࡣ
ʧȥ㣬Ҿ͵ʧȥһУӵҲû壡Ҷҡҡͷն˵
硭ң
ҶԵʧĻȫڻʥŮеĹǣỬϸ˫ۣҶĲӣȥ
ӵһһ
һΣǵǰңǰǰԣ·Ҫϰ˼й˫֮䡣


1969 ĺ
ѣ£棡
Ҷóһޱ֮Դ飬ݸѡ
֮Դ飡
ʶ֮ˣ۾ʱ
Ȼأ˼˸֮Դ黹ǿˡ
ûҶһͷ֮Դ̵˶Уٵˣ޸ѵľ
Լһʱ䣬֮Դ£ԼٶȻָţѵľҲϡ
ѽָҶŵ˵أһ£ʯͷһѹС
磬ǲлңѩѿֹҶ磬΢΢һЦ
ѣ֪ҶǲҺĺӣӭ۾Ҷһʵ
Ҷֵ𣿡ϵЦݸŨˣҼǵң˵ҪݣʱӦôӦ

ƤĻĵӣҶ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬һͷߡ
ԼֵƣҪݣԼҲһˡ
õֹˣȻֳЦˣҶµ˵ԽԽͷ
ߺߡ׼ôлأ
½Ҷ磬ѲѹУ˵Ҳɡ
ҵл𣿡Ҷ¶һ˿Цֱӽ˵ڵϣУȥϵ·
ϰĶˣΧɭֲĻ££Ƹ꣬ײϢ
ã۷ĶӵһԳ
ѣ𻯹ǲǹòãǲǰͶ壬ΪצҶ§⻬ӣں˳ĳ
ȷʵˣóǸ˺£Щ׽͸Ҷ绳еȷʵߵúܽ
ȻҲ²һҶѣո˵ϻẦңΪΣ
ΪһҪҪ̫ӣ벽񾳽Ź£һֱԡ˵֪Ĵڣһɱ㡣
ѣʵΣҶüͷšһ𣬵ʵ
һֻӦ̤뵽ھ磬ͭףͭѹһֻ񾳽Ľʬ֮ɣ
У𻯹µ֮ʯϣʯȫʵڴһսѽԴԴϵص˳
ѣôҵģҶ˼һ£ʵ
ɱ¾֮ĹеĹĹʯģΪչɱ¾֮ĹдصһϾҴʯǰ˵
ʯҶüͷ΢΢һѣʯóҿ
磬㻳ʯ⣿üëһʵ
ţ˵ģǸĻһкּ֣пʯУҶ˵ͷϽӹʯԼݣӦʯ
һδθӦ£Ҷʯиоһؼӡǡ
ȻҲµûʯ䣡Ҷ˽յ˫ѣ֪ĹĹкα
֪û˵ɱ¾֮ĹĹأĹĹоŴܣҡҡͷ
ѣȻ񲻰ģ㲻ҪٸˣǵõĹĹеıҸڴҶһԶ߸߷ɣҶ
Զ߸߷ɣҡҡͷ磬ûǰ򵥣ҵУ뿪𻯹Ը񣬾Իƣȡ
ƣ
Ҷüͷšһ
֪һֺܸ߼ƿֶΣһƱգҲƿأҪƳƽƣҪôƣҪôӵбǿľʵ
磬Ϊҵģһңһһģ
ҶԽԽףĴ֣ᶨ˵
ţҸĸӦÿҪˣǳأһȥ𻯹ףֹǾͱҶҶ۾͸˵ɫԵ˵
㸸ĸЩԾʵ磬㸸ĸѵˣ
ţҲ㣬ҸҶ޼ĸ죡Ҷ˵ͷ
ʲô޼ĺӣѵɴ˫ۣ˼˵
һǿչ·Ҷ޼ͷˣǵʵǹھ磬峤ʱδκǣ
ѣ֪˰ɣҶὫ§ڻе˺ңһ𻯹ɢ
߰ɣĹĹﵽʲôԵҶУʯӡҪٶˡ
ţģ
û뵽Ҷ米ô׷ǿзӡʯҶĹĹȥѰŴԵ


1970 ɱ¾
⣬ǰ⣡
ҶѣеĵͼнһʱͻȻǰ˿˿⣬ӿٶȷ˹ȥ
ĹȺôһƬĹȺ
ɵ֮أҶ˿ǰһƬռطΧ㣬ͨīɫ޽ΰ׳֮־޴ĹȺĹȺڵǰһʮɸߣ̻ŰɫƣʱʯʯǰŰֳַǹΡ벻͸ɱ֮
ÿֲɱо͸ɱҶ̤ǰһѣң񡣡
ãСĵ㡣
Ҳ֪ҶʵΣż⣬һҶյ
İɣɱ¾ѣûΣտԣ
ǵѣҶ˵̤žȵزһ˰ɱ¾
ˣ
оҶ翿ʮɸߣ̻ŰɫƵʯ궯Ͽ̻Ľɫӳ⣬˺ſռ䣬Ŵ̶ƿҶ硣
ѹ
ͻʯҶԥٻƷײ˵Ϯİɫ⣬ѹʮɸߵʯ
ǣ
ѹ£ʯİɫƲϵ飬޷γɹҶ硣
Ʒ
о͸ĿֲϢһԹսѵ۾ʱ
ôɱ¾Ĺߣ
ѹʯҶǰУʱػĹȺİɱ¾·𸴻һ㣬ʯһҫ۾б޾ɱ¾֮⣬ɱڵ˵
޵н壡
ɱ¾䣬Ҷ̤һš
һ̤Ѫȼգ޵н弤һƥĽâҶӳһ仡һֲ£նһѵɱ¾
꣡
Ҷ缤޵н壬ƥâ£⵽ɱ¾˵ѺۣµĽݺݵع뵽УӲ˫ҽ˼ӲĵزС
ɱɱɱ
һɱ¾񷢳ײеֳһޱȵĳǹΧҶ磬ҪôҶɱ
֮򣡡
ɱ¾֮Ĺйأɱ¾̺սǿ԰ɱ¾ΧҶſǿ֮򣬽֮Ըһɱ¾
򣡡
оҶΧ֮ѵɴƯĴ۾¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
뵽Ҷĸĸֽͻˡ
ȮӣӵôǿĸĸҶƽӹ
û뵽½ѡķȻôţϲɵ¶ҸЦݡ
漶꣬飡
ƽ֮򻯽ΣҶٻ漶꣬ںϽ֮նһɱ¾
꣡
漶깥£ɱ¾ˡ
ɱ¾˲䣬ڵͻȻٶȼĹҶ磬ҪҶ
編࣡
ؼʱ̣Ҷٻ˰벽񾳽Ļ編࣬ǰֵ⹥
編Ҷûľ⻯Ӳ̶Ȳԭʼ̥⵽⹥ؿȴˡ
ɣ
編飬ҶƷеĻ֮ѹ⣬˷ǿˡ
編ʱߴɱ¾
򽣹ڣ
Ҷûеʱ䣬޵н£ںϽ֮Ĵ漶ͼ˲۳񽣣ǰ籼ϢĽӣһϮɱ¾
ǣ
ͨںҶƵ򽣹ڹ£һɱ¾ˣ壬㹥Ҷ硣
編࣬
ĵϮҶƻ編ȫֵһⶴԼС
֮ȫѹ
ĵƻ編ʱҶƷеĻ֮ȫѹӲѹĵ⣬ɣ뷨࣬ս
ʮͺɱɱ¾ս³ң
ĿҶǿƺɱ¾һĻ֮࣬Ǹж
Ȼ֪ҶЩ굽׾˶Σգ֪Ҷôʱ̤磬ӵսԾ˾һ
ǧȭ飡
編ĵʱҶ̤ͻȻڽʣɱ¾ǰڽ˲ǧȭâݿɱ¾񣬽Ǻ˳ȥ
ݣ
ɱ¾飬ٶȼĹҶ硣
ʱ編൲Ҷǰƽ壬ٵѹ
¡¡
˴ɱ¾飬⵽ѹʯҵĲ̫ǿ󣬿̻ŰƵʯ޷ѹ
ѹԽԽǿʯѿѺۣձˣһصʯ
ݣ
ʯ飬ʯ⣬Щȫ編ս壬û˺Ҷֺ


1971 
磬⻯
Ż編͸ĿֲϢѻ˹𾪵˵
編಻⻯ķ࣡Ҷ
ࣿʲô
ͨĶͨԭû
ͨͨɽ֮ǿķ࣡ҶϸĽ͵ѣı֮ʲô
ҵı֮ʯѵ
ʯʯӡǣòҪ࣡Ҷҡҡͷѣǽȥʲôк滻ʯı֮ҽͨڸ㡣
ţ
ѵ˵ͷջҶ磬ĹĹȥ
ƣ
ҶһȭڽĹȺڽơ
ţһ˼ϢڵĹȺӿ
ĹȺ£ĹѨл˴Щ֮ǿ˲ɱһ񾳴ܡ
Ҷѵʵ㹻ǿ󣬳ŷӿǣֳ֣¹ʯ߽صĹĹС
ôѪ𣡡
û߶ãĹϿƣƴСӵзݵĳѪ
ȻһֻѪΪ壬ĹѨгѪʵ̫ˣɱ澳ܡ
ۣ
оҶڵѪϢϢĹϵĳѪ𱻾ˣȶѪɫ̶ļǵعҶˡ
֮򣡡
飬ͨĳѪȺϮҶһ̤˽֮򣬽ǿ֮ϵؽһֻֻѪ飬ɱ
ܿ죬һǰҶˣ˹Ĺһʮɸߣ̻ŴܹƵʯڡ
ˣ
Ҷʯڣͷǿ֪ʯʵʱͬʱоһ¡
⣬ʯϵĹƣ̻ĸòһͨɣ
ҶһϵĹƣЩƻ㼯һγһµھھпͨ
ţ赿̻Ӧһͨջͷŵ˽յ˫˵ͷ
ѣȲͨٽ뵽Ѱ
Ҷ֪ÿͨÿһͨս͵̶
ã
ҲʯϵͨȤ˵ͷҶϥʯ֮ϣͷǿ͸ʯУ
ҶĹĹвͨʱɱ¾֮Ĺͻ䣬壬ħ֪ܵôɱ¾֮ĹϢһʱ˹طɱ¾֮Ĺڡ
鵽𣿵Ǻôɱ¾֮Ĺɱħܣ
һȫںɫУòϢڰռ䲻Ϸߣ˻Ƶ˵
̫ϳϣɱϣ已Ǽˣȫɱˣһɱ¾֮ĹڵĻܹ˵ɳѰҲûз١
˴ɱ¾֮Ĺжˣ
벽񾳽Ļ̫ϳͳʵ
Ѿˣ
峤²ûɱ¾֮ĹлδֵĻԵ˳֣Ӧͼı̫ϳϵ
˵Ϊɱˣóħ̫ϳϣ벽񾳽ħɫ˵
ߣǽɱ¾֮ĹҵҪǺηʥ졢ħ壡
˵꣬壬ħܴɭֲɱ¾֮ĹУѰҶ䡣
ĹĹ̫Σ̫죬̫˶ûз֣ҪҵĹĹڲס
ʱš
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ҶѶ츳֮ˣһ߽һĲʯͨ
٣ðԵ֣Ҷͨе𾪣ѵͨ
ܲܵõĹĹеĻԵͨ㹻ˣͬٵͨս
ҪԼˣܷŹκεĻԵ´ǿչ·ֻΪ£Ҷҡҡͷ߰ѣǼǰ浽ʲôԵǡ
ȵȣ
ѺסҶ磬˫ֿٵŤĵݵ£˻һƬХռҵĲ
٣
ѱһݻӿͷŻļ֮һ飬޼𣬺ɱʯڡ
䣡
⵽ʩչٹӲޱȵʯ˲ˣ¶һ׵ĺڶ
ܽȻԵˣ
˿̻ھʯڣѳҶ΢΢һЦǣĴ֣īĹѨȥ
һ·˺ϵƵĹĹǿĽơ
Լ֮󣬶ĹĹͷһӡǿƵʯҡ
ƿʯڽƣƿصʯ߽ȥʱֿտʯ䲻񣬶֮һйƼƵĹͭס


1972 Ĵͭ
ͭף
ɱ¾֮ĹĹѨӡؽƼͭ׷ͬСɣԵõܴҶѵʵ
ͭ׶ػҪõͭеıҪɱĴػ
ѣ
ҶȻԶԶ۷澳ѣսȴѣѡ
ã
ûҶӹҶСػ
ˣ
оҶ˵ĿػͻȻ˽յ˫ʵʵĹâ˫бҶˡ
Ĵ벽񾳽񣡡
оĴػ͸ĿֲϢҶȷĴػʵȫﵽ˰벽񾳡
ĴػʵֲҶȴϲػʵԽǿԽ֤ͭеĻԵԽ
ѣԼܶԿһػ𣿡ҶѸٴ
İɳ磬ԼܶԿػ񣡡
ȻҶսֲѲԶԿ
ֻҪԿһػ񼴿ɣʣµĽңҶҡҡͷٻ˳

о콣͸ĻϢĪĲһ¡
һ̣Ҷȼ˺Ѫ֮ն޵һ
ˣ
콣һնռѣµĽâ粻ϱѵĿռѺۣһһϢֲȫѵػնˡ
ݣ
ػ飬ٶȼ⣬Ҷ硣
編࣡
ҶѰٻ˻編൲ǰû뵽壬Ļ֮ѹˡ
ǰʮ⣬編ʵõ˼û編ɣ˵編̺ܽǿ֮Խ񾳡
ʱҶ編ںϣܷսӦвˡ
ѣʣػһһսپ
죬һػҶĿɿڴѴ
ã
ѷ֣ԼҶ˽⻹̫ˣս͵ѾԶԶԼ

һػһ֮Ҷһȭµȭâϵſռ䣬ҪҶ顣
˭һ
Ҷû㣬һֱ̤ӽӲĵ̤һؽӡڽһȭӭȥ
䣡
ҶػһȭµĶԳſռҵĲ˺ѿ˵Ѻۡ
ػȻǿ󣬵ҶӲһȭƽɫ˭ûκ˭
޵н壡
Ҷ簴סڷѪǿ޵н壬ٻ죬ػ񷢶͵Ĺ
ȻҶʵ޷ǿĹϾĹȻػԵֵģƲϱƣӲǱ콣˵ۡ
Ҷֳ콣ѹһػʱ編ҲԵʵѹסػ񣬱ػڽڵİˡ
֮⣡
ػ͵Ĺѽ⿪ķӡ˲佫ս벽񾳣һ߿һʩչ𻯹ѧػ塣
٣
ѿѹصѹػͷʱϸָٵŤںǿĿռ֮Ի޵һһ飬ʱĩһ㣬ػ
ǣ
ʩչٹػӲѿ˵ѺۣӸǱ˲䱬ɣˤǧԶײ˼Ӳʯϡ
ⷢǿشػһĻҶ糹׷ֳ죬ػ񷢶һ˸߹һ˵ĳˮҪսپɱ
һ񣡡
Ҷǿ˺ػĹʱ콣ںһһ˺ƿռ䣬ԳԽʮٵٶȣһػؿڣµĽǽޱȼӲ˵Ѻۡ
ǧȭ
һشػҶ罫£ݻĴ漶ͼߺǧȭػѵϣֱӽˡ
Ҷ磬ǿشػʵǿĻ編࣬Բƥ֮ƣ֮Եеػˣз̵ڣǿѹɡ
򽣹ڣ
編һػʱҶ߸ߵԾ𣬽޵н£˲ݻ񽣣һĽӣſռҵĺɱ֧ػϣһ顣
ϮҶ磬編൲ǰӲˡ
ʱ䣬Ĵ벽񾳽ػ񣬾ֻʣһػҲѾֵס͵Ĺϵغ塣
飡
ѱһصػ񷢶͵ɱУһޱȼӲ
ɣ
編Ѹٵǰ̺⡣
֪ʮĵ⣬ܷû編ͻƵ񾳣
о編⣬ʵϵҶս壬Ѹٵ⣬񾳡


1973 ɱ¾
ߣȥף
ǿĴػҶѼ򵥵Ϣһᣬƣ˵һŴĹͭԣƵһƿشڽĹ׸ǡ
һ̣һɿֲϢڹŹӿռӿϵز
⣬һɱ¾Դ飡
ŹͭоŵһȭͷСɱ¾ԴӣҶϳޱɱ¾Դ
ԴϡٵÿһƱԴޱȵǿ
ǰɱ¾ԴУ̺ıԴֹһƣҶܽȫԽɱ¾Դ̤ǵ澳硣
գ
Ҷ˫ֿٵŤǿĵ⣬˲ӵӡǿзӡɱ¾Դ飬սǬУ׼õʣͭеıһͬ
һͭ׷ӡı󣬲֪ͭзӡźεȱ
ǿҵĺģҶ˵ڶͭŹԣƿ˽ƿ˹ŹװڽصĹ׸ǡ
ˣ
׸ǱҶƿһѺۣһɳɱڹŹӿɱ֮ǿңҶᵽŨŨΣϢȫĺëһֱ
Σգ
оΣգҶ˱ܵĺˡ
Ǻ˵˲䣬һɳɱͭŹӿֱӽڽصĹ׸ˡ
һ̣һȫƺڹ⣬ųɱ쳣ӻʯ˫Ҷˡ
Ϣ¼񣡡
źڹӷҶһֱ޶ϵĸоеǿҵΣϢɢɱڹӵʵпܴﵽ¼񾳡
ɱ¾ʯݳɱ¾ǰɱ¾Ѷʱɫ
ѣ˺һ㣬Ը
Ȼǰɱ¾ʵֲܿƴﵽ񾳣ҶĿǰյʵ͵̣Կܡ
һԸ
ҡҡͷᶨ˵
İѣΪҵģڿԶԿ¼񣡡Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ٻ˻編ࡣ
Ȼ編ֻ˺һ⣬ʵȴԣָһ
編࣬ںϣ
Ҷһ編ںһ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҷս˰벽񣬽ţں֮ģս¼񾳡
¼񾳡羹Ȼܷ¼񾳵ʵѵɴƯ۾ԼЩʶҶˡ
˵Ҷչ¶һֶΣȫֶΣûС
ѣ˺һЩҲУң
սǣҶѴ˵
ã
Ѻܱ˱ĸо˵ͷԶԶ˵һߡ
ɣҼʶʵ
Ҷ޳ſ˽ֳ֮칥ɱ¾
ҶϮɱ¾ī˫бǿ֮Ӳֵס˽֮Ĺ
ɱ¾򣡡
оɱ¾Χ̺֮ǿɱ¾֮Ҷƽ֮ڽУһն˿µɱ¾
꣡
칥£ɱ¾˵ѺۣµĽâƲնɱ¾ϡ
üӲ壡
칥ɱ¾ѿһѺۣҶԾɱ¾ļӲ̶ȡ
ɱ¾ѣɱ¾һץڽصͭŹףնһΡĸɽڽҶ硣
䣡
ͭŹײһ𣬱ʯҾҵĲĹĹڶ˼ɱ
ۣ֮
ͭŹ׹Ҷͷѿۣ֮ӳ⣬ɱ¾
ⶴռϮɱ¾һȭµɱ¾֮һУ֮۵Ĺ
򽣹ڣ޼٣
ɱ¾ƵҶ޽ߵ޵н壬ں漶ͽ֮ǿʩչͨɱ¾
Ҷ򽣣ݻ޼ݻ٣ͨһռ𣬰գ·һ㡣
ɱ¾ǿȴȻֵסҶǿʩչͨĹ
ǣ
ɱ¾ǿгɱ¾飬µ֮ͨϵغ壬˳ȥޱȼӲǽײһغڶ
ͬʱݻͨһɣ
ȫҶʵ۷Խ͡
ʲô
Ҷɱ¾ĹĹɵĶ̫ˣĹĹѰҶĻ壬ħܡ
ħ̫ϳϣҳֹռڣ
̫ϳǿĸ֪𶯿ռ֮Դ벽񾳽ħţһ֣ͬǿкɱ¾֮ĹӲĿռڣðյĽ뵽˺ɫռУռ䣬뵽˻ҵĹĹΧ
ԭ
ĹĹ̫ϳϵĿ¶׹⣬ͷųǿĹĹѰҶ䣬׼ɱ


1974 ɱ¾

ɱ¾ķʮֲֿȻ⵽شûӰսץڽеͭŹףҶ硣
һ񣡡
ɱ¾նͭŹϮҶʮʱ٣̳˾ɱһһɱ¾ѵؿϡ
ͣ
̽ɱ¾УһδӰɱ¾ĹµͭŹصҶϣ˵Ѫۣ罦Ѫ
磡
Ҷ类ɱ¾ˣѻʧɫᵽɤ۾־Ԯ
ǰبǰ񣬰벽аٳ
Ҷûǿţһ޸һ߽Ĵ벽Ǭٻ˳һ𹥻ɱ¾
Ĵ벽񣡡
Ҫֵѣ飬벽а˳֣¶ŨŨ֮ɫҶ߾ôһɿֲ
ɱ¾򣡡
ͬʱ⵽Ҷ磬˵Ĺɱ¾Ĺ˲䱻ѹˣѸٳſɱ¾Ҫɱ¾Ҷ˵Ĺ
֮֮а򡭡
ɱ¾ſɱ¾˲䣬Ҷͬһʱݻǿײɱ¾
ͬʱײ£ɱ¾ſɱ¾˲ˣµ֮ݺݵغɱ¾ϣһν˳ȥӲʯײһ޶
죬齣
ɱ¾ײʯڵ˲䣬ҶͬʱƸǿشɱ¾һ˿ϢĻᡣ
Щ굽׾ʲô
ѶҶϰľ˺棬ôһɿֲ
ɱɱɱ
Ʋϼأɱ¾ûмһײеĺϵ˺Ҷ˵Ĺƴķ
ҶƾУټˣɱ¾ķò԰޷˺Ҷֺ
λѹ
ʶɱ¾ֲսҶԸոԣпƣȻ͸ѡ
¼ʵɱ¾ҶҲԷص𻯹ˡ
ã
˵˵ͷһݻǿ򣬽Ĵںһѹɱ¾
໣
Ĵѹɱ¾һĺȫſɱ¾еֵ
٣
ʱҶ罫Ĵݵ£ں޵н壬֮򣬺ĩһĿֲɱ¾
ţĴѹµֱӽɱ¾˫ѹ˼ӲĵزУ˵Ѻۡ
һ񣡡
ɱ¾⵽ѹʱҶֳ齣Ѹٴ̳һһɱ¾Դ̴һףȡԸոԣ͸ɱ¾ԴУʴʶ
໣
⵽ɻʴɱ¾˫ͷʹµҵĿռ˵Ѻۣͷʹѣ߿Ѫ
˻
Ҷ约˳⣬һ۽֮ǿжɱ¾ѹһߺˡ
ǣ
ʹɱ¾£Ҷ۵Ľ֮򲻶ϵѡ
Ϊ˿ɱ¾Ҷûҧؿļ֣ϵ޸֮еѺۣȫѹɱ¾
ȥɣ
ɱ¾ʧȥʶʱҶ˾ɱһᴩ˽֮򣬺Ҷ硣
أ
㲻Ҷ类ɱ¾ľɱһУ屬ˣһѪ
磡
ĿҶ类ɱ¾򱬵һĻĵ뵽Ԩ᲻ܿƵʳ
Ҳû뵽Ľ֣ӦռݾƵҶ磬ɱ¾ˡ
絶ƴȥʱҶʩչͨѸ޸˻
磬㡭
˲޸Ҷ磬ѵɴ˫ۣš
İɣо˵ģҶøɾ۽ᣬο
ɻԿʶɱ¾ָƽղٹվԭء
ѣ¼񾳵ɱ¾͸㣬ҲԷص𻯹ˣҶ˵
ǺðɣҾɱ¾ˣ
ѵ˵ͷҧָɱ¾ԴϣŶ
Ҷʶ£ɱ¾ûзѵı֮ѪʽУѪϵ
Լʱ֮Ѫѣɹɱ¾
ɻԣգ
Ҷһջɻԣѽɱ¾ս
磬λǡ
оҶѹϵ򵥣üĿʵ
ǰλҿѰҵѣ
ѣλǰλبǰǶܣҶ໥ܵ
ѣݼλǰлλǰԳչˣ̬ǧĸм
Ҫ˵չˣչϹͷûг磬Ǹô̤ϰ벽񾳽磡Ц˵
ˣǼװɣ
ɱ¾Ҷ˵ͭŹԣ׼ס


1975 ʯ

Ҷ˽ƿ˺صĹ׸ǣһɹ֮ͭŹӳ
ǡʯʯ
ͭŹСͨɫ̺ǿ֮ʯͷµϳɫʯͷǿѰң̺֮ʯ
ӵʯԲʮİڰ̤֮񾳡
磬֪ҪЩͻʯϹͷʮҪ֪ܷһһţǲ򣬳񾳡һ˵
û⣡
Ҷ˽֮ʯ˵òûģʯֱ͸بš
ǿʯһ̺Ļһ͸ѡ
ˣһͭŹװɣ
ҶһͭŹԣҪ֪Ź̲źεȱǷǰŹһ

Ҷ籩һƿͭŹ׵Ľƿ˰ڽصĹ׸ǣֹŹзӡһƴСɫ̻ƣ͸֮Ĺ졣
⣬ѵǴ˵е죡
оƹ͸ֳ֮
죬磬˵Ǵ˵е죡Ҳ죬֪ų棬ӵдյĿֲ
ţӦþ죡Ҷ˵ͷû뵽ɱ¾֮ĹлջǲС
ѣҲ͸㣬ı֮ɣ
Ȼޱȵ󣬵Ҷ˵ѵҪҶֱӽ͸ѡ
磬ӵɱ¾Ѿ㹻ˣ컹߷ɣҡҡͷƴǵ
ѣҵģٽɱ֮ȻҴͨҲͨܽƱյΣҶǿнУ˵
ðɣ
Ҷĳ˸жҸûƴǣѸٵѪ죬ս塣
λǰٻǬɣȡЩͻ񾳣
˵꣬Ҷ罫˴ͻǬС
ٳ
Ϊ˽ѵΣҶ罫˳
һ£ӵƱƿأ֪а취Σ𣿡
ܼ򵥰ֻҪ۳࣬ٽѣڽУǻ˾ӵƣҲܵⱣ˵
зķȻУҶ粢İ취
У
˵ͷڸҶһַİ취
л
˷İ취ҶĴϲֻҪ۷ٷ꣬˽ƿء
ѣǬ죬ٶȻһЩ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҷ罫Ѵ͵Ǭģʮʱмӿٶȡ
磬ҵѽˣ
֮ʣƵоĴڣ˹Ӻݻ̬ǧѣ΢΢ЩţѲ
ѾҵѣҶ˵ͷƵңһġ
ţƵ˵ͷҧ촽ѽ޷ңһ뿪㡣
ңֿҶḧƵ˳ĳο
ʱʧ
꣬Ǭжʮꡣ
ʮУҶһɱ¾Դǵ澳磬һ߿Բʱľ̺ʱ塣
編е⣬ͻ񾳽һ֮ң
ţˣ
Ҷȫʱڿռ涴еԭʼ̥˴ĹĹؿռĻ̫ϳϵˣһʱ֪Ҷ硣
ѣ㻹Ҫã죡
֪˵ϢҶ罫ѹһߣѶС
꣬Ҿܽɱ֮ѴӦ
ã
ûеͼĹĹĹȺѰңҶԭʼ̥ɿճãǬɱ¾Դ֮ʱ⡣
һɱ¾ԴҶޱȵʵоʱ죬Ҷں˵ڶɱ¾Դȫǵ澳硣
ǣ
ɱ¾Դ£Ҷ羳ƿˣһƿͻƵǵ澳硣
ͻƵǵ澳磬Ҷ绹ӵɱ¾ԴԼ֮ĵֻҪʣɱ¾Դ֮ĵȫ̤ǵ澳硣
Ҷͻƾûãѳɹ壬Ϊ˱֮
ѣǺˣڽͨԼͨڸ㣡
ҶǰԼٵݣͨھԼķǿӡ֮С
ѣֻҪƷ࣬ٷ꣬ƿƣҲв
ãѵ˵ͷ¶˵Цݡ
˳磬Ƶɣ
ţ㲻ߵЩӣƵһֱңѣ֪ԸƵ𣿡Ҷ˵ͷʵ
ðҪã۸ңҺƵһԸ㣡֪ҶԼ⣬˳ȻĽƵ΢΢ЩŵҶƵһ
ллѽ㣡Ƶ˵
ѣħѾҵĹĹٳƷ࣬Ʒ࣬ǳȥӭУҶ
ã
ѵ˵ͷʼȫͶ뵽ƷĹС


1976 ɱ䣨ϣ
ʱţǬֹȥ˶ʮꡣ
ʮУҶԣȫʱľ̺ʱ򣬽ʱٹʮʱٹʮ
ΪʱľѾʱľвʱ侲ֹ
Ҷ£ɹƷࡣ
Ʒ࣬Ȼ編໹Ҫֲﵽ񾳡
ѣ
Ʒ࣬Ҷ紫ڸķǿз֮꣬ƷУƣҲ޷˼ѵ
飬بţʮʯ֮򣬾ͻ񾳽һ֮ң
ѣа취뿪ɱ¾֮Ĺ𣿡
ѳɹƷ࣬꣬Ҷ糹׷ɱ¾ƷౣȫԷѻص𻯹ˡ
Уѵ˵ͷʯҿԹͨʯʯ򿪿ռţֱ뿪
ѣո˼һ£㻹ܱ¶Ҷ˵ͨʯ뿪ɱ¾֮Ĺ취ɱ¾Ʒ࣬Ȼɱ¾֮ĹһƵϡ
⡭
ѣһа˵𻯹ǿ˲ңһʱ䣬׼ض½һˣԾ㽫еìͷָңҲҲңҶѵĻ˵ʱ䣬ʯ񾳣
һͻ񾳣ɱ¾Ʒ࣬жƵϣ
ðɣ磬ԼҲҪСģȻսǿ󣬿ս¼񣬵вмǺǻ˼˵
ףһСĵأҶ˵ͷ
ˣ²˳٣뿪ɣסһìͷָң˵ĹĹеһУ
ȻҶ粻ѷֿΪ˸õѣֻ뿪硣
磬𻯹㣬һҪƽȢң
§Ҷ磬һǺ󣬽⿪ʯķӡԴԴʯӿŹͨʯ
ʯʯ̺ʯʯ໥ͨʱһµĿռųˡ
磬һչ˺Լˣ
ؿһҶ磬ǿȫľ˵ļͨռţ뿪ɭĹĹ
ţռ֮
ͷӬһ㣬ĹĹѰҶĻ̫ϳϵˣͻȻӿĿռ֮ٻԵļƷſռӲռں飬ðյĽ뵽˺ɫռУǿдԽռ䣬뵽ĹĹĵĿռС
ĹȺôĹȺ
ڽ뵽ĹĹ򣬻̫ϳϵһۿ˾޴ĹȺ
ҷҪѷɣɫˮĻ̫ϳϴ
һָоȻԵҶ磬ͲǰĹȺС
ǣ
ʮ壬ʮħܴ׷ٻһ죬γµĴ󣬽ĹȺҶܵĻᡣ
ߣǽȥ
ĹȺ󣬰벽񾳽Ļ̫ϳϺħţŽʮܣɭֲĹȺУѰҶ䣬ѰĹȺеĿԵ
ĹȺеĽΣնҶƴ̫ϳϵ˳ֱ룬ܿĹȺľͷ˲Ѻ۵ʯҡ
ƿʯصʯʱϥҶ硣
ҵˣѷɣ̫ϳĿؿϥҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ƾǼں֮ڣ
Ҷ˽յ˫ɱڵĻ̫ϳϵˣ˵ûн̫ϳϵ˷
澳ʵҶ˵治֪Դ
ϺɫۣħƵħ¶һڽ׵ݣײе˵
ȻԴʵҶ绺վ˵ˣҪʱˣһϰɣǣһҪҵطȾơ

һ汻ҶĿŭˣŭһֳһƷȼĳǹؿռ䣬Ҷ硣
ѹ
һǹƷƳҶ壬ͷųµѹ֮ݺݵѹϣ˲ѹ
һ̣Ҷ̤һ磬ŷɳ۶ĳǹǰ
ǧȭ
һȭݻǧ޵ȭâߺϡ
ʵȻǿȴֵסͨǧȭߵĹ飬ӿ壬ӱ˳ȥ
أ
ӱǧȭˡ
첻ܾ壡
屻򱬣ǳĲѪǿʩչ첻ܾҪܡ
˲䣬漶ӳҶ꺣ڻ̫ϳϵ˾Ԯǰһܵն룬꣬ɱ


1977 ɱ䣨£
ɱ澳ܣ
ĿҶǿƻɱӵвѪһĻ̫ϳϣħɵۣڳȫɵۣĿɿڴ
۷ǳĲѪɱҶ绹ֻǵ澳硣
Ĺô˿ֲ
ʱ̫ϳϵ˿Ҷ񣬷˲Сı仯
ˣ㿴ңҿˣһ£һϰɣ
Ҷٻ˷ɽָɫˮĻ̫ϳϵˣԵ˵
úãСӣҲ˭ɱܣɣ̫ϳٻһƷȼͷȨȣǿĿռ֮Ҷ硣
̫ϳϳʱ벽񾳽ħҲͬһʱֳ֣һ棬˺ſռ䣬Ҷ硣
٣
벽ϮĴ漶ͼ籡壬ٵؽڣγϲľˣ˫ȭѪȼգڽĴ漶ͼںһǰĿռ䣬˻̫ϳϵˡ
䣡
̫ϳ϶˷Ĺײһ˲䱬춯صıֲϯҰŷԲĿռ䡣
֮ħ֮򣡡
ɽķ֮Ϯ̫ϳ϶ſǿֵ֮֮Ҷ緢
ߣƾҲңδЩɰ
ųſϮĻ̫ϳ϶ˣҶһ޵н壬ݻǿĽ֮ӭȥ
ǣ
ײһռػ
ʲô򣡡
оԼſ򣬵ֵסҶĽ֮򣬲ϵسѣ̫ϳ϶˷˲˼֮ɫӲ
֮ģںϣ
̫ϳ϶ʱҶѸں֮ģ֮ӴԽ˰벽񾳡
ʵˣһʲô
оҶʵﵽ˰벽񾳣̫ϳϵвŨŨĲ
֪Ҷ˵Ϊ˵Ŀˡ
ѹռ䣡
ʵǣҶٻϵرѹռ䣬ƻ̫ϳ϶˵ж
һ̣Ҷٻ콣һһնɫޱĻ̫ϳϡ
㵽˭
о̫ϳϿ־ˣһʩչֲĴɱУһƴ㡣
ʱҶս콣Ĺǳ
һ֮£̫ϳĴɱвϵ飬ȫͷȨȸǱնѿ˵Ѻۣһѡ
ۣ
̫ϳϱҶһն˳ȥӸǱ콣޵нâնѣ罦Ѫ
첻ܾ
⵽ش̫ϳʩչ첻ܾǳĲѪٵ
ʱݺݵ˻̫ϳѵϣֱӽӰ棬ҳ⽴
㲻ɱң
٣ǿĻ̫ϳϲûȥϵطʹİһʩչ첻ܾһ߳ſ֮
ֲ̫ɻ̫ϳε޷ֵѹ
ʱᵽŨŨΣϢħţԼ壬ħܺˣҶҶ֣ѸͻΧ뿪
ӵõ𣿡
Ҷһٻ񣬰벽а񣬻ޣ棬ȸˣ׷ɱħŵˡ
桭Ҷ磡
ͻȻֵķ棬ħµҶݡ
編࣬ɣ
ݱ¶Ҷ粢⣬ٻ˻編࣬ɻ̫ϳϣĻ
壬ħȻڶ̫࣬ϳһߣֻħǰ벽񣬸ֵסҶ磬͵Ĺ
ܿ죬ĹĹ˲İһ壬ħܲϱ񣬰벽аնɱ
壬ħʱ編˻̫ϳϣɹĿ̺Ļٷ˹Ҷ˻ɱ֡
Ѫݣ
߲ҽħſ־ˣϧȫѪһѪ⣬˺ΧĹĹȥ
ӵõ𣿡
Ҷٻ˲˫ᣬʮʱ٣Գٱٵٶȣٵ׷ɱħţ֮ܿľ롣
ħΪħ̫ϳϣҲвٱĵƣЩֶΣһߴѶһߵҶĹƴܡ
ţͻȻ뵽һܿµ顣
֪뿪ĹĹĳ
뵽˴أϸǳһ亹
ƴˣ
޷뿪ĹĹħֻƴϧ۵ȼǿѪʩչֶΣս۷壬Ҫȫһ
֮
ħŶȫֶΣһؿռʱҶ֮죬һħŷɱУնĿռ䣬ħžֵĿע£һ롣
編࣬ɣ
նħ壬Ҷٻ編ɣ۳ޱĻ
ĹĹвҽԽԽ٣ǰɱҶʮ塢ħܱɱŨŨѪĹĹУȾѪɫ


1978 ս
߰ɣ뿪
ȻɱеĵˣҶ֪Լݿ϶¶ˣΪ˱壬ħǰɱҶ罫սǬͨɿճѴ򴩵Ŀռ涴Ѹ뿪ɱ¾֮Ĺ
ʲôˣ
ռ涴ʱĸ֪ͻȻΣգһڵĿռ䡣
Ҷ磬ЩҹĿ࿴ˣʵȻҵĴڣ
һɫȹĸƤţ̰ϸ壬䲻£ȴ͸һ˫СţŮӻشӺڰռ˳
¼񣡡
ǰȹŮӣҶͫΣյ״ݵԸоӦһѼӵл֮ܵ¼
Ҷ磬ܳ壬ħѾɱ˰ɣ
ɫ͸ʥ֮ȹŮỺ˵޷Ħġ
ǶˣҶ˵ͷ̹Ȼ˵
ȻǰȹŮвܴ󣬵Ҷ粢£ոɱħţҶ綯֮ʱڣѾ޷ʩչͨǿһ
Ҷ磬Ҳ֪ʲôԹɱˣ㲻ã
ȹŮͻȻ÷ݻͻȻ󣬿ٵػиĿռ䣬Ҷ硣
編࣬ںϣ
¼Ҷ粻Ҵ⣬Ѹٻ編࣬ںһ𣬽ս¼
飡
ʵǣҶżٻһȭڽȻ䱬籼ϢĳӣƵȹŮӵĹ
¼񾳣û뵽㻹ȵƣоҶսȹŮ۾¶ŨŨս⣺Ҷ磬ԽԽȤˡ
˵ţȹŮӻһ仺ʢƳ壬ҷųĹβҶ硣
֮ƣ
ϮҶѸ̤һſ˹ǿĽ֮γǧƵĹ⽣Ͻ뽣֮顣
򣡡
ҶǿƵȹŮӹʱȹŮ˫ֿٵŤ˲۳һ覣ݻŴ޴ޱȵݺݵغҶ粻ϳſĽ֮ϡ
ǣ
£֮˵ѺۣҶ˾޴ѹ
ǧȭ
֮ѣҶȫȻ䱬˲ǧ޵ȭһƬ꣬ռ䣬ޱȾ޴ĵ
˵ôԣû뵽㻹㱾£Ҫս
˵ţȹŮٻһˮƣͨɫһĳ

оɫ͸ϢԶԶ˼ƷҶ²⣬ѽӦǰ
ڣ
ٻɫȹŮӿǿĿռ֮˲γ˲ڣһΡĸɽѹҶ硣
ѹ˲䣬ȹŮɫںһԳԽٵٶȣҶ硣
⵽ȹŮӷ˫ɱҶûӲӣٻ˫ᣬ˲ʮʱ٣Ե˺ڵѹ˲ư㵽һߡ
Ҷ磬Ӳ
Ҷ㿪ȹŮı˷򣬼֮ƣƱҪش
򽣹ڣ
ѲȹŮӵĹҶʱں漶꣬޵н壬ݻ޵񽣣ն˼ٴȹŮӡ
˼ҶԳʱѹյѹҶ塣

Σʱ̣ƳҶ壬ңֱϣסڵĹ
ǧն
ȹŮǿʵ˺򽣹ʱ廯һݻش˲ѳǧ꣬Ҷ硣
֮򣡡
ǧնϮҶſ˽֮ȫֵǧն
ȹŮݻǧնֲ̫֮򶼵ֵס
ɣ
ȹŮӱһٴɫںһһ֧Ľ֮򣬴Ҷؿڡ
ƾ㻹ɱң
һߣҶ粢ţѸٻ죬һӭȥ
ˣ
󽣼ⴥһ˲䱬ֱӽԲһĿռ䶼ˡ
񽣣
о͸ĻϢȹŮֱֻһʹɫʱˡ
ȻսҶ֮ϣ֮䣬вԽ࣬Ҷӵ񽣣ȫֲսϵĲࡣ
㻹ſɱ𣿡
Ҷ缤޵н壬ֳ죬罣һ㣬ɫ΢ȹŮӵ
Ҷ磬ԽԽҳԾˣɱ㣬󲻵ջ񣡡
󲻿󣬿Ҷе죬ȹŮӵĿȣӵſмһս
㻹ģðɣǾͿ˭Ц󣡡
ҶһƥĽ籡壬ֳ죬ЯƥĽնȹŮӡ


1979 ش
أ
նһ𣬿ռѡ
ɽӿķҶһȹŮӡ
һƻޱȣ١
ȹŮУһȴʮֵΣգܵ㡣
˲䣬ƻһȴһؿڣĽâս¶һؽۣѪܿƵʳ
ʮʱ
ȹŮ¶һ˿֮ɫԾҶʱȻ
һȹŮӣҶʤ׷٣ϵعȹŮӣĪĹٶȣѹĹơ
䣡췣
ƱѹƣȫŭȹŮӣһ͵ںһƿһأη췣֮գҶ硣
޼
ֲ췣Ϯ֮ӿҶ壬ΡߴĻľ
һľݻ޼췣֮ĺ
죬ն
ͨĺڰӿԳʱҶں޵н壬漶꣬һµƣһĿռѺۣ˺ѿҶԳͨնȹŮӡ
콣âնȹŮӲδֱֳɫȫӭӲҶĹ
ĹĹмҵĶԹµĹϵſռ䣬˺ŴأĹĹƻĲӡ
ȻҶ罫ս£ȹŮӵʵ󣬽֮ϵƽҶĹҵĶԹʹҪҶɱ
ʱһһ롣
˴ռս棬ӵ漤սУһƬƬռΪƽء
ȻƲϼأ־ǿûһҧȫ
ʱƣȼպѪӵ޽Ҷ罥ռƣɱеȹŮӣеһ˿ƣ
٣
򽣹ڣ
޼
ץסȹŮӹƳֳٻĻᣬҶ򽣣ݻ٣ݻ޼ȹŮӷɱС
ͨͬʱֱ˺ȹŮӵĹϣֱӽ˳ȥ֧飬Ѫ
첻ܾ
⵽شȹŮʩչܾڵĲѪǿ޸
޸ʱҶ£壬ȫ
һ񣡡
ȹŮԵʵʱҶһݻһ֮âԳԽٱٵٶȣһؿڡ
ۣ
Σʱ̣ȹŮֱֳɫ˸ʵǰб޵н͸ɫ壬ˣѪ
ȹŮռȻҶ粻ϵؼӿ칥ٶȣȫѹȹŮӣһ˿ϢĻᡣ
ʵҲˣ
Ҷһȫһ̼߳ȹŮӡ
ȹŮ¼񾳣֮ޱȵļͣҶĻӰ졣
ʧȥȻȴٳ޷رľ棬ȫҶѹƣҲϵؼء
ôܣѵ֪ƣ𣿡
ɱȹŮӷ֣ҶԽսԽ£ûһ˿ƣļ¶˲˼֮ɫ
ҶֵԽ죬ԽᶨɱҶľġ
ʱһָоԼɱҶ磬ϵı˵л̤м񾳽硣
䣬Ѫ
ȹŮһҧϧȼձ֮ѪʩչµѪǿнҶ磬ж
򽣹ڣ
⵽ѪҶ޵н壬ݻ޵񽣣Χ˺ѪĽ
ȥɣ
ʼ𣡡
Ҷǿ˺ѪʱȹŮʩչ˴ɱУ򷨣ɱҶ硣
˭һ
֮콣ն
սһʱ䣬ҶѾʩչ֮ˡ
֮£еƱһն£ȹŮӴĻʼӲն

ȹŮû뵽Ҷ羹Ȼܷǿһܵ㡣
һٶ̫ˣ쵽ȹŮ޷㡣
ͣ
ȹŮӵ屻նǱ콣ֲĽâ˺ѿһ׵Ѻۡ
첻ܾ
屻նȹŮӼѪǿ޸
ֲ̫ȹŮӵ壬ӵвѪҲָܻʵ
أʱ޷޸ȹŮӵˣҶһμǿڽӡ
Ҷ磬նʮȹŮһݻͻȻԶͻΧܡ
ĿȹŮܵıӰҶ粢û׷ϣΪĿǰսԻȹŮӣȴ޷ɱȥҲûʲô塣
ʵһҪʵҶ̾ϢһؼĿռ涴ԭʼ̥ɿճٻǬǬСĿռ涴мٴȻϢ뿪ɱ¾֮Ĺ


1980 Ǻ
Ǻսյ֮һǼûдʵߣ̤ǺС
֩СĻᣬ޷ɱһٿǺˣǽʧȥνΪֶĻᣡһƤ£Ľյİ͹£һͷɫɢ˫磬Ŀ䣬ӢˬŮɫص˵
ӳǺΧޣħնɱҪһٿǺˣֻ뵽ǺУ
˵Ǻ澳ޣħһϣǼпȫû
һϮɫۣһƤ۽Ǵһ԰̺۵ӽ˵
Ҳܴν׷ֶĻᣬСӿҪϰ꣬ûзֶԴٶȽޱȣֵðϷŮҡҡͷᶨ˵
ӳȥǺɱ߼ޣħҾͲţǵһֱôһĿ࣬ȫźĺëһӣڴȭͷ˵
ҲԸ⣡
һ֩СӵĳԱĿȵؿӢˬʮϷŮӣᶨ˵
Ȼû飬Ǿȷ·ߺλãܲҪǺ̬ȣ̾Ϣһóһ΢΢ЩƵƤƤϿ̻ŷܵĵΡ
Ǻͼ𣿡
֩СһоΧһо·ʱһͳǶС
˭
ͻȻֵϷŮӵ˶ʱ׷󣬿һɫۣǹͦΣ㣬һӻ
ӣͨռ涴뿪ɱ¾֮ĹصսҶ硣
ҶսΪѹǺսħҪշսħİΪԼá
ǲҪţûж⣬ֻΪеĵͼһ˫˫Ŀ⣬Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
ҲҪǺϷŮ´Ҷ缸ۣĿ峺Ϣǿһʵ
ţҪȥǺһҶ˵ͷ˵ǿϽǺͼңҿ֧ļ۸񡣡
ҪǺͼԣ֧һٿŵۼǺˡӹһ£˵
ǺʲôҶüͷ΢΢һ塣
ıԴۺ죬ȴûǺˡ
Ǻ˶֪ƳҶһۣһ㿴˵ǺǻɱǺޣħõˣΪһٿǺˣǾͽǺͼ㡣
治±ıֻҪǺˣҶЩε˵
ǽǺΪǺˣǺͼ㣬ζǽʧȥǺˣ޷ֲģ
ΪҶɢϢǿңϷŮӵûндԼı
ǿǺȡǺˣɱһٸǺˣǽǺͼң
ҶشɱۼǺ˶˵Ѷȿԡ
⡭
ϷŮһҶ磬ԥ
ȻҶɢϢǿңƽϷŮʵҶ·Щ̰ͼǺˣԼ˲
ô㵣Ҷǲ
Ҷ緢֣ǰϷŮΪҶ¶ЦݣԥϷŮӵ
£ȻҲ֪ʵĿʲôȷʵὫһİ˴ߣǣ
ϷŮ΢΢̧ͷӭҶ񣬷Ϭޱȣίľܾ
߰ɣǽǺ
˵꣬ϷŮӵûκԥ׷׼٣˸ŵǹǺзȥ
Ҿôˣ
ϷŮӵ˵ıӰҶӣЩε
Ǻ̫ˣҪҵսħѹĵطȷʵףҶҲֱϷŮӵеĵͼֻϢĸǽ뵽ǺУ취ȡһٿǺˣֱӹǺͼ
ӳ˵ո𣿡
ϷŮߣѹһߣĶе
УϷŮӵ˵ͷҸҿ϶ʵʵʵӦóǡ
ģ
Ϊ֪񣬲ûзҶر֮
ʮֵĿ£뵽ҶϬĿ⣬ϷŮӵ˵ͷҸҹǺûоԵʵ졣
⵹ǣӵ˵ͷӳ˵᲻
пܣϷŮɫصǼӿٶȣȷɵǺв뺣Ǻӵĵΰ
˵꣬ϷŮӵ˼ӿ˷ٶȣԼٶǺȥ
ԼʱٶȼǷɵǺвһµϡ
º
ϷŮóͼһ·λŰ֩СӳԱû뵽ҫǹ⣬ž޴ΣյǺУٵ򺣵ȥѰǺ䵥ޣħ


1981 ͼ
ޣ
˺غˮٵǱǺʱһֻӴ󳬹ʮɣݷ罣ʮײе޺衣
൱ڶۣϷŮӵʵﵽǵۼ£ʣµİ֩СԱʵҲǵ֮ϣɱֻ衣
Ҫˣ
ϷŮӵ˷׷׼ӿٶȣΧסֻ裬͵Ĺܿ콫ɱõһ˸ŵǹ⣬С̺ǿˡ
ߣǼѰ䵥ޣ
ȡһˣϷŮӵ˾󣬼ǺУѰ䵥ޡ
Ǻħ
˼ǱǺĺʱͻȻһֻĿ࣬˦ųβһǺħ
ϷŮӵ˷׷׼׷ɱֻǺħҪɱȡˡ
ǰֻǺħʵȻ൱ۣʵԶԶϷŮӵˣѹǺƶٶȼ졣
ϷŮӵ˽ٶ£żѵ֮ľ롣
ԼʱϷŮӵ˽׷ֻǺħʱͻȻһĺʧ
ӳҪҪ׷ȥ
ǰѺ۰ĺӵ¶˽֮ɫʵ
ңԼȥ
ϷŮֹһǺ֪ޣħϲϢںУ뵽ԼĿģðա
ӳ뺣ɣӴ
ԼȥԣϷŮҡҡͷϢ鷳ǼʱӦҼɡ
ǺðɣӳСĵ㣡ӵе
ݣ
ϷŮһһҵķɼ˺رĺˮԼٶ򺣹֮зȥźΣѰźеǺħ
ʲô
ţϷŮԼںз˵⣬һ޴Ӱ
ǡѪɺôһѪɺ
ϷŮʱ־޴Ӱһ޴ѪɺѪɺͺ͸ϢѪɺݿ³˰꣬õ磬ۡ
֣
ϷŮӱһٵǿĵ⣬۳һֻޱȾ޴ĵ֣ץ޴ѪɺҪߡ
ɶ࣬ݵմȾʥ
ͻȻһײеĳХϷŮӵĶС
ǺħںγϷŮŰΧˡ
ϢǺħ
оһ쳣࣬źɫ룬ֳһɺȵǺħﵽ磬ϷŮӻʧɫ¶˾֮ɫ
ӣ
ԲƥеĵˣϷŮԺֻһͷǾӡ
΢࣬ӵõ𣿡
Ǻħ˼ײеһǿз쾪ףϷŮӶ߿Ѫʹ಻ѡ
ѵҪɥڴˣ
ǺħһԼ꣬ϷŮĵ뵽˵͹ȣ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
ʱһǺħֳָ̬ıҪôϷŮӻɱ
ͻȻϷŮǰһһģӰǰ
һֱֳ̣ϮǺħ·⵽ػӲϵرһѪ
㣬㣡
ٺϷŮӣ֮ʱ¶˲˼֮ɫ
Ҳû뵽ĻһҪѵҶ硣
ǺħһͷǲҽǶɱˣܽǺͼң
˲ɱ˶ʮֻǺħҶŤͷĿɿڴϷŮӵ
ãã
عϷŮӻеص˵ͷ

õϷŮͬ⣬ҶӳĽɱ˾Ǻħ
գ֮䣬һʮͷǺħҶɱˣһſ˸ŵǹ˱ҶսһǬָС
ţѪɺҲ͸ɣ
ɱеǺħҶһӣһֻ֣׽ڽеѪɺһͬսǬָС
ڣɷǺͼˣ
Ҷ罫װϰٿǺ˺;޴ѪɺǬָݸϷŮӵ
㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ϷŮӻδʵ˿ֲ֮ˡ
ҺһҲ壡Ҷ絭˵
лǰ֮ǺͼǰˣϷŮӽǺͼҶ磬ĵĸм
ŵͼϣһݻԵɣ
ԸӦ£Ҷ緢ϷŮؿھأһָ΢΢ЩŵĿע£һָʵ˫֮䡣
һ̣һƥĽҶָб䣬͸ϷŮؿھУжĵ˳ľ
죡
ɬϷŮӷ仯ʱҶĶУܵ죬һɫҩ
䣡
ɫҩ뵽壬ҩҶ£ڽ塣
ʱ䣬ϷŮӽŰɫҩԽ˼ѵһͻƵһǵ硣
ллǰ֩û
عϷŮĵļ˫ȹںУм˵
ˣǾֿɣ
˵꣬ҶʧںУǺͼǺȥ


1982 ħ
ǿѹ֮ǺͼעĹȻûսħӦþѹ⺣ײ
ҶеǺͼһ׵ĺԼٶȷ˹ȥ
򺣹ײȥʱҶ˲ϢںеǿǺޣиǺޣЩ޶Ҷ˵Σտԣգ֮䣬һֻֻϮҶǺ޻Ѫ
ԼһʱҶؽƣ뵽˺ײһޱȾ޴ħħ֮£ѹһ״ʯͷʯͷзӡһĿħ
ҵˣ
űħѹսħҶ¶˵Цݡ
࣬ôҵģ
ͻȻһҶС
սħʽΣ㳼꣡Ҷ翴ѹħµսħӦ
㣿սħ¶һ˿мСӣθڲСҴħע⣬֪ħһָ㡣
սħ㲻Ҫ˵ЩûõģʵͨΣ뿪ħ𣿡ȻսħֲܿҶʵȫ޾
ãħħӦ꣡սħ˼˵
սħϣ㲻ҪƭңȻأ
Ҷؾһħֲħ֮ħץħŵһŽɫ
ˣ
Ҷָɫʱһħ֮ڽɫӳҶ硣
ʵҶ޵нӵĿֲɫӳħ֮޷˺Ҷֺ

ŽɫҶĽҿ˽ɫ
ǣ
ʧȥɫħ˵ѿڣսħӿ޵ħ뵽ħУϵؽѡ
ħ飡
սħ쳤Хһһſأֱӽħˡ
䣡
ħ飬ͷųֲĻ֮ߺҶ磬ֱӽ˳ȥˤԶ
໣ħؼˣ
սħ˾ŭ˫ۻ裬ڵĺײХйŰ걻ѹʹࡣ
벽񣡡
оսħΧ˲Ҷ¶֮ɫսħȻڰѹУͻƵ˰벽񾳡
սħѾǲǿгŵˣ
ҶڵһХսħʵ
ŵʲôŵսħĿͶҶСӣòΪħĻ᳼ɡ
ôҶüͷ΢΢һ壬ɫƵʵ
СӣҷЩɰĿ࣬¶ǿ׳壬Ŀ¶׹սħħķϣħĥ㣬ȫʬɡ
ħȻûп֮ˣսħɢɱ⣬ҶҡҡͷˣȻ㲻ԸҾʹ㳼
Сӣǲǵʧķ裿սħĴЦһƾʵҲ˺ң
ಣ
սħ䣬ͻȻҶʧǰ
һ̣ȼպѪҶʮʱ£˲ưսħǰؿںһȭ
һȭޱȣͫ΢սħȴ㲻һȭݺݵغؿڣӱ˳ȥصˤԶ
˺𣿡
ʩչʱ٣һȭսħҶ絭˵
СӣħҪ
սħЩǱڵһͷŭʨŭץһħƬҶ硣
޼
սħЯħϮҶں֮ģĴ漶ͼںϻľӰ޼֮ݿĹħƬһν˳ȥ
㣬ôս
ҶɣսħᵽҶĿֲɴײе۾˲˼֮
սħ㳼ң
Ҷ̤ųصĲһ˴ʧɫսħԵ˫ʵ
ҳ±Ӱɣ
սħѱ֮᳼κˣŭһȼǿѪ֮ݻ޵ħҶ硣
漶꣬ƣ
սħݻ޵ħϮҶٻ漶ӭȥֵ޵ħĹ
ħ֮ɱ
սħͻȻƽҶ磬ſǿħ֮Ҷ磬Ҫħ֮ɱҶ硣
֮򣡡
ħ֮ϮҶһ̤ݻ֮˲īħ֮˴ʧɫսħ
⣬ôܣôݻ򣡡
о֮ĿֲսħӲ㱻˲˼ľ
֮ն
սħҶƽ֮ٵۣһ޵֮һնսħƵħ֮򣬽һն˳ȥǿ׳һ㱻֮ն
㳼
ҶӸµؿصսħԵʵ
ñħ±Ӱɣ
սħҲû뵽Լ˵Ŀո绢ڡ
ĸ᳼壬һ߿ǿѪ֮ѹˣһ߲Ҷ緢͵Ĺ
ո޷ǿս
Ҷ缸벽µĹһδα˳ȥԽԽء


1983 ˻֮
㳼

Ҷû飬ſ֮򣬲ԽԽصսħ͵Ĺһδνɣơ
Ҳ
Ҷµսħ˲ŭ
һɲǣһĴӡϣһ߷˳ȥѪð˳
սħҵҪĹͷжӲ
һ߷սħҶȥɥʧ˷֮
ȻҶϻһɻԣȴԸ⽫ǿԿɻսħϡ
ɱң
ԽԽأʶģսħӲ˵
ûôסҶ¶һ˿Цݣٻ˰סսħƤ塣
ţҶǬٻһɹޣսħ򿪣¶һײһ㣬ӵһԷݣ䶯ĳӡ
սħ㲻ǺӲϣһỹôӲ
ҶݻɴĹ⽣ƽսħ֮Уǿзӡ֮ԴҶֽԷӡ꣬Žһް׳浹ϡ
ôѪ棡
оԼƵ岻ϱһֻֻײϰĳ룬ĵʹȫսħʹ
֮ԴӡѲĸѪսħðѪ֮ϵ壬Ѫ⣬ʳѪʹ
飬ɱң
սħһ˫Ѫɫ۾ŭҶ磬
ɱ㣿ҶЦһɱ̫ˣ㲻Ҫɱ㣬㳼
ܣ˻ʵ궼δҳ䣡սħӲ˵
˻ʣҶû뵽ѹսħĻ˻ʣеʱ䣬棬ȫѪⱻѪɣһٸһͶ¼ɡ
㡭
ҶĻսħӽˡ
£ȴֹĥ
СӣݣԸ⳼
ҶĻȫݿսħ־壬ò
ڻ̫磬뿴ĹжӲ
ȻսħͷѡһεҶ粢׼ŹϥߣѪսħѪ⣬ĥ
㣬㻹ڵʲôҶˣѵ׼ŹңѪⲻϱɣ񼸽սħŭ
Ҳ㣡Ҷҡҡͷ
ҿԷģֻҪŹңҾͳ꣡սħò¸߹ͷ­ʹ˵
ˣ˯һ̸ҶһĹǷ˵

СӣСˣ㲻к³ģ
Сӡ֪ˣŹң
ι˲ɣϿ
Ը⳼
Ѫ£սħˣϵسɤӴ
ŭ֮ʣѪУ˳ĺ壬̵ᵽȥʹĸо
սħûƭҰɣ
սħĥļʱҶ˽յ˫˵
ûУԸ⳼սħˣغ
ðɣϣûƭңұ֤ʹʮĥ
˵꣬ҶĴ˰ɹޣ˴ѪѪٻ˴ɹУ·ӡսǬС
㲻Ҫռ䱦У
ȻսħҶȻģ͵ǬС
⣬ʲôط
оǬʮʱٺŨսħɴ˫ۣ𾪵ʵ
սħԭҲôϻҶ˵ʵģԺҪʣҶ㲻
ڣи㣬ϣʵʵش˻ѹģ
Ǳ˻αѹģսħ˵˻Ҫѹңҵʳħ壬Ҳͬ⣬ͽѹ
αӣҶüͷ΢΢һ
Ȼѡ񳼷꣬Ҳ㣬Ȼǳ壬С˻ʣһͷβαӣҰľĻʣսħ͸¶ҶһҪϢ
㶼֪Щʲô
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬û뵽սħоȻ֪˹˻ʵҪϢ
֪Ϊֻʥ𣿡սħ
Ҳ˻йأҶüͷĸˡ
Ϲʱڣʥؼֻ࣬ʣʥغ𻯹䷢ֵܣʥزǱ𣬶Ǳ˻ʻ𣡡սħ˵ͷ
˵ĿģҶˡ
ǧȷҾҵ²⣬˻֮𻯹𻯹Ѱнǿˣսħ˵
𻯹˻ʰпƣҶɫ˲սħòҪƭңҶ㲻
Ų㣬һжģսħ˵˻֮ô밵п壬̤ʯӱΪΨһ񡣡
񣡡
ȻҶ粻ȫսħĻջȷʵʧԣһЩ顣
Ҷ˼սħ͸¶ҪϢʱһɿֲϢʱľӿݻĻ
⣬̤ˣ
Զֵ»սħȴ˫ۣ𾪵˵
編˲ʱľռɱ䣬Խˣо編ɱ䣬Ҷ¶˵Цݣʱ½һˡ


1984 ˵ɱ
أ
һˮǺըһЦĳֱ
뿪ħأҶԼٶǺ֮ȥҪǰĿռ䴫󴦣ֱ½硣
Σգ
ҶٶȼǺ֮ϷʱݵͻȻоΣճ֣һܵ㡣
ͣ
Ҷ˲䣬һĽѿ˿ռ䣬˲ףռ
ʲôˣ
оռžþòɢĿռ֮Ҷɫ΢䣬Զһ仺Ʈİƣɫص˵
Ӧ
ƮİͻȻѿһȫںڹУŨŨħӻشƶ
񣡡
ȻڹɢϢǿңҶʱȷʵ
Ҷһָоڹӻͨʵп̤뵽м񾳡
ѵ
Ҷոսȳѹսħ⵽мĽɱսħĻҶԺнֳ˵ݡ
ԩ޳𣬸Ϊ͵Ϯң
ҶŬԼ侲źڹӣʵ
ϣûôΪʲôڹĮ˵ɱ㣬Ҫ
ҵĴڣвҶ絭˵Ҫͨ˵͸¶˿֤ʵԼĲ²⡣
̫ԼˣڹӵȻ츳һûвƻҵļƻԸ
ãҾͿɱң
˵ţҶȼ˺Ѫں֮ĺ͸ոͻƵ񾳵Ļ編࣬ʵ¼¡
š
оҶ˲䱩ǵʵڹҲ¶һ˿֮ɫҶ绹ֶΡ
Ҫ֪澳¼֮вԽʵ࣬Ҷ˲佫ս¼£صܾһ㡣
ҵСˣڹӵ˵ҶϵܲŨȤ
ֶҲûãڽӣ
˵ţڹҶ緢͵ĹҪܣϵܡ
޵н壬֮򣡡
ڹϮҶ޵н壬ſ˽֮ȫڹӡ
ǣ
⵽֮򹥻ڹһȭµȭâݿֱ࣬ӷ˽֮Ĺ֮һ޴ȱڣҶȫ㡣
Ҷʱ𣬺ڹֽҶȭɱ
ÿһȭԲĿռ䶼飬µȭâϵطҶ繥в
ڻ編ʱľͻƣʱľ̺ʱҶ編ںϣ˲ʮʱٺͼٹ
ʮʱ£ҶڻҵĿռתŲƣûһõĲӰϵڹӵĹ
֮ʣҶ粻ϵѰͻΧܵĻᡣ
ħӡ
Ҷ㣬ڹʩչ˾ɱ֮ħӿ壬˲۳һ޴ħӡһΡĸɽҶ硣
˫ᣬ
ħӡҶٻ˫ᣬһٶȣ˺ؿȫͻΧ
ҶͻΧ˲䣬ǰһڹ˲һǰ֯Ĺ壬Ҫˡ
򽣹ڣ
٣
޼
Ժڹӽ߷ĹҶû㣬޵нǿ˲ͨӭ˺ڹӷĹ
䣡
һ챬ըǺ֮
µ˲˷Բʮ򣬽һǧյشǺҷ
ۣ
ӲڹӵĹҶǿķ֮ˣѪȫľǱӿĿ˺ѡ
֮ն
ҶˣѸٴ֮콣һƣڹնһ
ͣ
һն䣬ռ˺ѡ
µ֮âն˺ڹӷĹն壬òһ㡣
ڹ˲䣬ҶٶޣԼٶǺ֮ȥ

ҶͻΧ뿪ڹҶնһ
һ컹ҪֲһնռһǧĿռѺۣһ̴Ҷؿڡ
ۣ
ؿڱ޵нâ̴Ҷʩչͨһֲ̫ͨ޷ҶˣѪܿƵ͡
ʱ˿̣Ҷ粢ûмٶȣϧ۵ȼձ֮Ѫһٶȣƴܡ
Ϊ֪ӳ죬Ժڹӵʵȡ
ոս֮䣬ڹȻʩչĶħͨҶоȷݡ
Ҷ缫ܣڹӽ׷ɱƱҪɱҶ硣
ʱ٣٣
оڹԽ׷ԽҶ編࣬ǿѹ˺Ͳ֮ϵʮٶȣȫܡ
ܿ죬ٶȼĶˣͿԽޱߵǺͨ½Ŀռ䴫󴦷ȥ
ը
ʼ޷Ѻڹӵ׷ɱҶ粻ϵóһſ̺Աıźڹӣ뾡һа취ٶȡ
Լʱ䣬ҶֿԽ˰ս֪ſռ䴫ĵط
֮ն
ݵԷ˿ռ䴫Ҷֳ֮ն׷ĺڹӡ
콣âϮڹû㣬ն޵֮ӭȥ
޵нâײһ˲䱬Ĺâ̫Ҫۡ
ռ䴫
ĻᣬҶڿռ䴫󴦣ٵ˿ռ䴫

Ҷ类ռ䴫ߣڹӳŴ͹ն޵һ
ۣ
Ҷ类һе˲䣬Ҳ͹ˣʧ


1985 ½
ɽ궫½һޱߵľ޴ɽɽвʱ޳ûʮֵΣա
¡¡
ͻȻһģعӰٶȼ׹䵽ɽµײɽԲΪƽء
ǰʲôˣô˿ֲƻ
Զ뵽ҵĿռ䣬һɫۣɫ΢΢ЩƣմȾ˿˿Ѫյ߶ʱ
ϣ˵᲻б
һ̺ۣĿΪƽصɽʵ
һδǸƻҡҡͷ֣ȥǰ濴׷ʲô
ǣϣ
һӲߣʮֻӵͷϢٶȼųδɽ
һṦֿһѪϢ΢Եӷ˻
Ͽŵӣͨռ䴫ӵ½磬˵Ҷ硣
ռ䴫ӦýҶ紫͵죬ڹһشҶ磬˴֮Ҷǰǿ˺˿ռڣƣʮֵΣա
֣ʲôˣ
ּϣԵҶ磬üͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ǰɽֵģܿãոǹɻ֮⵽ˣֵ
֣ǰ򣬳˴ˣû𣿡üͷ΢΢һ
ûУҡҡͷûǰɽֱĺۼҲûзֿ֮ˡ
ϣǴΣգǽˣɣ̺ӿһƼأһߵҶ磬˵
Ҳã
ϵ˵ͷ
ֽҶڵϣ׼뿪ʱԲѵҶͻȻ˽յ˫˹
ˣôصˣȻ˹ͻȻѵҶ磬ϵ¶֮ɫԾҶǿ
үүȻþǾȾɣ
һӲߣŻɫ΢΢Щ԰׵꣬أٴԵҶ磬֮ģ
ڶѱֻẦϿһһϢҶ磬ЩΪѵ˵
ǽȻɥ겻̵˵
ðɣǾʹ뿪ɽ˵
գڻ£ս޻ʾϵϣ˱ŻԲѵҶ磬ᴩɽ
ʱҶ翴ԣʶȴʮѣƻľϵڲ޵нֻҪ˲ƻԼĽֶκ͵̣ɷַˡ
ԼĸʱɫһɽһεɽϢ
ˣ
еҶоһȪˮ˳Լĺ뵽ԼУһδӻ
͸ȼյҶ翴ԼιˮģϾԼꡣ
Ż΢΢Щƣü͸һĨӣҶϡоϤĸоƹ֮
ˣ
ڻҶ磬Ĵϲæʵ
ллң
¶ϲɫĻ꣬Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵
СֵܣʲôˣΪʲôɽǰɽе׷ʲôϵ˻˹ʵ
Ҷֻ·ʲôҶ˴½磬ڸߵ˵
СֵܣȻˣǾֵɣ
뵽ԼĴʵڲһ׸ߡ
λǲ鷳ǣҵǿ԰ǣҶ绺˵
̫ˣ˵ޱȵ·ʱܻһ㡣
ǣֵ¶˲ŵЦݣһϢҶܰǡ
үүǾʹҶɣǾпΣգĵ˵
Ǻðɣ뿪ɽҸȫĵط٣̾Ϣһ
һҹ޻
һҹʱˣľ˲ֲֿĽҶغת
ʱһ뿪ɽȣᴩɽ
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫǿֲסҷ㣡
ִⲻ˷ɽдҶ磬Щĵ˵
Ϊҵģû£
ҶĵĻкøУ΢΢һЦ
ϣ˲򵥣һϢˣôһϹȻ·ҽǲӣ˵᲻⣡ŽǵҶ磬Щġ
ȲЩưʱ֣ǾܴԽɽʱͺֵ棬Ǵ˾⣬ʱٺɱҲ٣ϴ
໣
ͻȻһŭ
оϵɢĵѪζֻӴɸߣ޵ȼرһïʢĹľ˳סǡ
ãǴرܣ
ǰֻͻȻ֣ѿѪڣǴĴرܣϵɫ䡣
ֻرɢĿֲϢǵʵ൱ڶս޻ʣǴѹ
ֻرܽңٴͻΧ뿪
Σʱ̣ս޻ʾͦ׼һ֮Ӳֻرܡ
ۿֻرȺ󷽵Ҷɨһֻرܡ
һֻ̣رܷ·ܵ˼ؾţӴ־ؿһҶ磬תӴʹ̵ˡ


1986 Ѫ֮
ˡֻرˣ
⵽׷ʲô
ײƵĴرܣֻܵŵӣֻӴܣϵȫɵۣǰһĻ
ɵˣ뿪
عϴ˵Žٺˣᴩɽ
ᴩɽʱõһֲֻ޵ϮЩرһ㣬ҶϬˣϵͷԡ
ٽʱʱһоպᴩɽ
ڴԽɽˣӦðȫ˰ɣ
˳Խɽϵ˳һ¶˽ٺϲá
λСֵܣ뿪ɽΣӦýˣǾֵɣóϰٿƷ꾧Щ꾧㣬㹻һʱ䡣
ȰǽΣգҲ٣ҶûнϰٿƷ꾧ҡҡͷ
⻰ʲô˼ϵɫ΢΢һ
㿴󣡡
ҶָָϵһƬïʢĴֵ
ãħڵˣ
ʮɫħֳ۵Լٶȷϵɫ䡣
ô֪ǵ٣ɽҪ׼ȷɽһǵѶȼ󣺡ѵͽ
뵽ϵ˽ŭͶҶ硣
ħڣҶüͷ΢΢һǲҪңҳǡ
㻹˭ҵϹۣȻͽСַŭ
ŲǣͽңҶҡҡͷָа̺۵ӵͽй¶ǵ١
ܣֲͽҡҡͷ
˵ûй¶ǵ٣
ħڸֳ֣̺ӲԼݣ¶һ˿ײеЦݵ
׺飬㾹Ȼϣ
ϵ˵ɴ˫ۣһĹ׺龹Ȼˡ
ţȻᱳѣܿϧѾˣ½ҲˣȻҪͶĿɽ׺˵
ϡ˵ɱ¾֮𣿡
Ҷͨ˵ĶԻһЩɣɫ˲
ǡЩΪ̲½ɱҵ°ã˫ȭգߺ޵˵
ԭѪӵĶӣ
Ҷ֪ΪʲôϤȻɱ¾֮Ķӡ
û뵽ǣһֱԼɱ¾֮Ȼˣɱ˼пħơ
Ҷ磬ʶҸף
Ҷһڵɱ¾֮¶˳Ծ֮ɫ
ѪǲħɱģҶһסĵ
ǣҸ׾ǱħǸɱģ˵ͷۿ˵
Ӱأ㸸ײӰҶû뵽ħƵô󣬾ұԼ
ӰҲˣӰشҸףħǸӸɱҸף޵˵
ħƺֶΣȻƻӰѣҶüͷĸˣǲҲ˰ɡ
ûбѣΪڻҺܣħƣӰëԳɱˣ˵
µ˭
û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼ֪ӰǵĴڣԽо򵥡
ѪӵĹˣҶ̾ϢһҲΣǷģѪӵĳǱһħƹѪĹǰڡ
ħڣ׺һСӣΪ˭ҿǻˡ
࣡
ҶͫһȳһƣһƳգһս޻ʾ׺ȷ˳ȥڰбһѪ
⡭
ĿǰһĻڳȫɵۡ
һƳգ鱬һս޻ʣҶʵϵ󣬸صħڸ¶˾֮ɫ
ʲôˣȷҪ£
ͷħڸٻһƷ챦ͷŭҶ磬ǳ
ңħʲôطҶ˫ɨʮħڸ֣ݿܵ
Ҿ㣬½ħˣħԣ㲻к³ͷħڸӲͷƤ
ķϻ̫ˣ
Ҷʧȥģ̧ģֱӽ˹Զѻꡣ
ʲôһϣɱ
ҶƣƵͷߵͷ߾ֵ
һ˸ҫ۹Ե챦δҶ壬ͱڿֲˡ
һ̣Ҷ̤һֲŵӿſռܼˮƣ˷Բռ䣬㲻ʮħڸ
㣬㵽˭
ĿҶһʮħڸֵһĻͷûֵ꣬˵
ħƵˣ
ҶͷԺ
һ̣Ҷ΢΢ͷǹǣֵĿע£ɱ
£㵽˭
ʵ죬ɱ¾Ҷ磬ϵ˱סˡ
û뵽һʱľȵˣȻһ֮ͨˡ
ȼħƣȻ֪˭Ҷ絭˵߰ɣȥǣѪӵŮ
˵꣬Ҷͷųǿסϵˣ˲ưʧɽ⣬Լٶ˵궫ƿصĵһǳأǡ


1987 ƵĽëԳ
ǣôһṦǵˣ
ɽ붫ǼңԶٶȼķޣҲҪʱ䣬ϵ˷֣ʱԼͺ˶½Ľ˶⣬¶˲˼֮ɫ
ǲ֪Ҷδ޷ǿʵȻ̼ܳڶ⡣
߰ɣǽǣ
Ҷ̧ͷһϡϤĶţļϵˣַǷʮַĶȥ
ϵ˳ڶǵϢҲڵһʱ䴫˶С
ʲôǳڶǣûп
һϮɫۣΧһȦɫ룬ļս޻ʾĶеĲ豭ɴ۾ŵ˵
õϢϵӦɽӦóڶǡ
һʼҲǻͶǰٰ۲죬ϵˣ߿϶˵
ǾͶǸҶǣһ̣˼һᣬɫص˵۲ǵ٣ȥԳǰ
˵꣬ᵽһ˿ѰϢĶ˺ԺëԳС
ԳǰҪ棡
վ⣬˵
ʲôˣ
ȫУͻƵ¼ʥûõĽëԳۣͭЩ͵˵
ɱ¾֮ĶӣԼϵ˳ڶǣûиҽҴŽëԳվ
´űǲǻĲͷˣëԳðɵ˵
ԳǰϢŭӽëԳĿֲֵ̿Ľ͵ЩΣûоԵ̣գҶǡ
̣ʲộëԳ˵ͨͨѾħǷӡʱ˭ǡ
⡭
ʲô⣬Ͽҹٴű˺㣡ëԳײеĺǳ
ǣ
ٶת뿪
ë֪ٹң
ͻȻһ쾪ףڶϿը죬ռ䶼
ģôĹȥ
ȻëԳоϡЩ죬ûȥҶ½Ŀܣһ˾޴أϿĽɫۣ߳ҡ
ʱⷢ˻ңޱȼ̵ĳűҶһ̤ˣʮ֣ǱҶּɣˤԶڵ
㵨ӲСԮǰǵңϷǣһīɫֱۣϲһһƳ׵ߴӻҵĸԺ߳ŭҶһ˵
ҶӣǶұۣﵽ弶ս޻ʣֱϡ
ϴߵδ˵꣬Ҷһ̽ƾ۳һֱֻ֣ӽϵĶѹ࣬
ѣܣ
һɱߣҶɫ䣬˵
㣬弶ս޻㣡
ϵ¶һ˿Цʵ󲻳ҶʵεȵĿֲ
໣ոĸ飬ֱ֡
˫Ѫ죬¶ŷĽëԳ붫һͬˣײе
ãëԳȻڶǣ
ϵ֪ëԳĿֲ㣬־塣
ëϰδ㵨ԽԽˣ
Ҷбһ⣬ɨɱڵĽëԳ˵
ˣ
۾Ѫ죬ĽëԳµҶʱһֱеĸоһֱˡ
СӣҲ˭ұ㣡
ʶҶ磬ҲûзֽëԳֵģɭȻ˵
ž
䣬ëԳë׵Ĵ֣һƳ˶ԴϣµĶԴһ㱬߿ʳѪֱſ˵ϡ
Գǰ㣡
Ҳû뵽ëԳᵱڴҲˡ
һ̣ǰʥַĽëԳŵɪɪڹ˵ϣϵؿͷ
Ҷ٣֪ˣ֪ˣҰɣҲˣ
ëԳĺˣϵģҶˡ
ë̫ʧˣҶҡҡͷ㣬Ѫӵɷйء
ûûϵëԳʹҡԴѪħɱģûһϵ
ħɱѪʱΪʲôֹҶŽëԳĻ˵ҿĺħƸ˲ٺô
Ҷ٣ҴˣԸ⽫Ըħƣ
Ҫ֪ҶͻȻ½磬ǸһٸӣҲұѣʱ˿̣֪ٶĽҲûãҪֻܵõҶ½⡣
ɱħƣҪҶɱȻ
ëѻ꣬Ѫӵ޹أҿһ
ǣ
ëԳҶʱͻȻȼǿѪʩչѪҪܡ
ߣ
ëԳܵ˲䣬Ҷһ
ͻȻѪĽëԳб壬һѪ
һɱ¼ʥ޽ëԳ
Ҷ羪ֶΣˡ


1988 ȥ
ͨͨ
ĿҶ羪Ϊ˵ֶΣոջڵĶŵ÷׷׹ڵϣϵؿͷҶһ
ҶҲûдɱ䣬ɱ˶ˡ
ɱ˽ëԳˣҶȴõѪӵŮǰձǲ͵˶½һǳضʥǡ
ߣȥʥǣ
Ϊ˾ȳѪϵѪҶûеʱ䣬ٻһͨʥȼսĿɿڴϵˣǰ¼Ҿַ޽Ķʥǡ
ҶҶǰѵҸ׿оǸѷˣ׳ŵϥڼװ֮ϵҶߣʵ
ңҶûݣ˵ͷӣ㸸׵ҲһĹϵģ㸸׵ĳ㱨ħɡ
Ҷʹ޵ľǱѣοħƻɱԼɱ¾֮
ллҶǰ
ȷҶݣ˵ϣмĿͷ
ϵ˸¶˼֮ɫ
ʶҶ羪ʵ֪ǵĳϾܱˡ
ŵҩ㣡
̳ɱ¾֮츳Ҷɱ¾֮һĶӣóһҩº͵ʥݸ
ǣ
ҶŲɣӹҩ̵ֱ˶Уٵ
Ȼʥҩºͣʵֻ̫ڣܲסʥҩȫľ˲ſ޴ʹȫѪ͸ë˳
ӣһ֮·ûдǵʿעᱻ̭Ҷ翴ȫҧؿֵĻյʹ࣬ҲǶĿ飬ͦȥջܶࡣ
İҶǰͦס
뵽Լ׵ĳ뵽δ֪ãȭͷȫ˺Ѱʹûкгһ
ʱһһȫѪʪ͸Ŭ֣ûзĻ꣬Ҷ¶οЦݡ
Լʱں˴ʥҩĻ꿪ʼͻƾ磬ܿ죬ڣͻƵһ硣
Ȼ缱ҶµĵҩƷʼߣδӰ
оٶȷŻҶóһƿʥˮ뵽Уʵ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ٷɳ۵ս˶ʥϿա
ʱʹһͻƵһս޻ʾ硣
ֵһĻȫϵ˵֪һξ֮еĸо
߰ɣȥ𣡡
Ҷǿ£ʥеħƣӰˣϵˣ˶ʥʥ
ʲôˣ
ŴҶˣ䱸ɭϵʥӴĽƣһƹ⽣Ҷˡ
Ľƹ⽣ҶѸӡһƣµâֱӷ˷ԲĿռ䣬ƹ⽣ӴĽˣ޴ıʥ
ʲôˣ
§ɴȹʤѩŮӣһѰħƣɫһ䣬ѸԾأ·Ҵ˳
ӰҲҴҳ֣ʥİ㳡鿴
㣬㣡
˾µӰһϮ£°ҶʱëԳһֱɵˣ֪ԡ
ôҺܾȣ
Ҷɫƽ˵˵ȴŨŨɱӰе־塣
ҶҶ٣һеıħƣǱƵģ
ȻӰ֪ҶʵεȵĿֲ֪ԼҶĶֻ֣ܽһƵħϡ
Ӱҽڶ½㸨ɱ¾֮ȶ½ΪŰҶ̤ųصĲһӲӰɭȻ˵
Ҷ٣ҴˣһӰϵġ
ѪûҲһܿϧɱѪӣҲԼ·ҶĮ˵
Ҷ٣ѪħɱģңӰֵ̿˵
Ҹףħɱ𣿡
꿴ɱɱ¾֮Ĺ֮һӰߺ޵˵
ǱƵģӰˣϵ亹ʪ͸·ϵŰ취
ھԵʵǰֻ֪вҶ½ܻ
ӰµѪڰɣҶûٷϻ֯һĽӰһնӰ
ͣ
Ӱ屻ĽӰ룬̵Ĺ㳡һؽۡ
Ӱˣ
ڵѪУɥȪӰʥеĸ뵽ؿ־Уûһ˸ҳֹҶ硣
ʱħƴħڸֳˡ
ŭĿҶĿײһʱĲ
Ҳû뵽Ҷ羹Ȼ½ˡ


1989 նɱħ
ħƣڶʲôܺ𣿡
ɫ԰ף뵽ֻеħƣҶ¶һ˿Цݵ
Ҷ٣㣬½ˣ
ħ֮ԸұѣǶҶ󲻻½硣
û뵽Ҷô½ˣг˿ֻźͺ¡
ǰٲ½磬½ҪƷˡҶ米˫֣ĮؿħƵħƣֶҹĿ࿴Ѫ㶼ɱҲûнҷ˵Ҹγͽأ
Ҷ磡
վħһɫ۵ĿӷɭȻ˵
ߣһ»Ұ˵ķݣ
Ҷѷ֣мһǿ꣬ڶ½ҫǰָɱ
Сӣ
۾ðŨŨĻ⣬һǿݵƳ˾κˣնȾ˺ɫ
⣬ʲô
Ŀÿӱϵɫ䡣
Сӣ࣬Ѫҿ㻹𣿡
˵ţһֻצץҶ硣
ֲĹצ˺ƿռϮҶһɨ˹ȥ
̼䣬ֲֻĹצķѣҶһˡ
ʲô
۾ɵùԲϸֳ֮ɫ붼û룬ʥȥ
ոշɵУͻȻʹİ˲䱬һѪ
ҶӲɱħ꣬ħ˵˫һ˵ϣϵؿͷ
ħƣڣÿͷ𣿡ҶĮ˵
Ҷ٣֪˵ʲôûãǱƵģǸոħұ㣬ɱѪӣħƲΪԼ⡣
˵𣿡
Ҷ羲ħƵı⣬ȴûһ˿仯
ҶҶ٣㲻ɱңɱңѪӵŮΪᣡ
оҶûзŹԼ˼ħһҧѪӵŮвҶ硣
ħƣǲ̫Լֶˣһ˺ѪӵŮ
ҶЦһɻ´ʳꡣ

һʹİУħƵٵ飬޴ʹĥȥѪ˳߿˳
ħƣɱ㣡
Դһѵħƣһҧȡһذףٵ˹ħƵĶͱ˼
ʱѪ罦˳ħƵҲԽ
ףΪ㱨ˣ
һնħƵԴ˽Ϊɱ¾֮˳
ħһʥ뵽УմȾŴѪħڸ־ܡ
Ҷֲ£ûһħڸӳʥȫҶֲɱϵ
ɻԣգ
ɱħڸ֣ҶħԼɱ¾֮ɻԡ
ӣ
˴½磬Ҷ绹кܶ£޷ʱʥУٻƵĽܡ
⽣͸㣬ԱʮΰΣʮ֮⽣ܵľ֮ҶѪУöǬָ͸㣬ĵҩ㹻ʱͻƵս޻ʡ
ллҶǰ
ӹ˵ϣҶͷ
ˣ޲ɢ֮ϯǾʹӱɣʱ䣬һʰо֣Ҳϣһ½½ȶ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪˻ҵʥֱǰ޴½׼ǧջɻԡ
޴½ҶȺݷ˰׼ңң񹬣ǿдǡ
Ҷĸοǣǧ쵼٣ûзңԽԽ׳޴½ʵԵ
˰ǰûڸ𣿡
Ҷûڰ׼ҸоϢĸʵ
Ϊ׷ߵȥ磡׷˵
˳磬˴½ã׷û뵽֮껹ܼҶ磬סգ˽Ϊ׳
½磬Ҵ˶ãʱҾҪ򣡡
ȻΣأ֮Ĺ֣ҶҲ޷ڶ½̫ʱ䡣
λǰöǬָǣ㹻ͻƼ磬׳ʵǻټһ죡뿪ǰҶ׷㣬ǳöǬָ뿪˰׼Ҹǰǣҵеǧ
֮ҶȡǧɻԣԴûκεͣ뿪޴½ǰ硣
֮Ŵ򿪣ϣ粻Ҫ⣡
ڱڤ֮ʱ̫һ˺ƣҶЩģ֪ڶ½Ĵб𣬻ɸ½磬罫᧿Σ
ҲҶ½Ŀ֮һ


1990 һŻԿ
սɽƮɽҲƮߵļɽ֮һ
սɽھʲôΪʲôʦ㣬綼սɽУ
Ҷ;սɽʱսɽио£Ϣ¶֮ɫһȻϢĽ뵽ûƶˣźѩսɽۡ
ԭھл䣡
Ҷ紩͸һ㱡Ľʱսɽھл䡣
һ츳ĵӣɸߣ䶷̨ϼҵɱ
ԭμӻģ
ȴһᣬҶ緢ְǳˣһɫۣȲӼҵĽ֡
ϰδҲս޻ʾ磬Ҷ緢֣ޱȵʵյʽҲʮļս޻ʾİӣδ·硣
Ůͣ
Ůʤ
̨£һӣʹȫΪͣսɽ۵ԽԽҡ
û뵽ͦߣ
Ҷ翴ݻУȫѹƶֹƵİ磬¶Цݵ
ʲôˣŮҲܽеģ
ͻȻһгҶУһ԰ŭҶ
Ĺˣ
ҶӶԷĿ⣬¶ŵЦݵ
ˣ˵Ҳͷ԰ӵȰ㻹İɣŮѾ㿴𣿷ƹӾǣƹӣٿ㣬ǵȷƹǿ
ƹӣ
˳ָķҶ翴һɫۣһƤͦΣȲӡ
ؾʵ
Ҷһֱ統ÿ֪ҵԼҸԵΪˡ
ҶҪ뿪ʱԾԵƣԼĶ֣뵽ǿ
Ů޵УŮһ
ʤսɽ֮˼˲ﵽ۷塣
˳ǿѡԾ䶷̨׼ı
ͻȻսɽ֮ۻ䣬ǵʥĸͻȻ䶷̨ϣ˵ȵȵȣҪսһˡ

»䣬սɽһȻһ˫˫𾪵ĿˢˢͶ˸¡
찡ʦôˣҪսʲôˣ
ѵʦУ
䶷̨֪µҪսʲôˡ
ʦ㣬Ǻοأ
Ҷӣ̾Ϣһ֪·ˡ
ιιʲôȥ
ոռҶӣҶ䶷̨ȥס
ȥսҶЦЦ˵
ι㷢ʲô裬ʦսĲǡ
δ˵꣬ĿеŮһ˹ֱ˽ҶĻС
⣬⵽׷ʲô˭
Ӳͬ뷨һƵķƹ۽Ǹǿһ¡
磬Ҳΰɣˣ
缤ӯ§Ҷ粻Ըɿ
ţǰøոջҶİԴˣһɡ
˵ţҶɿ˼ذ磬̤ߵ䶷̨ϡ
У
Ҷ˵иֳһֻӰֳʥȼ˫֯һޱȵĵӰҶ緢͵Ĺ
ˮĵӰ˲佫Ҷˡ
ܲ͸ĵ޷㡣
ǰûеģһѾɵˣ
Ŀøʩչľٵڳ˶ˡ
䣡
̵䶷̨ܳˮĵӰҵĲ
ҶվԭһʩչĵӰȴû˺ֺΧ۵ĸв⡣
⣬ʦϷɣ
һϷȻܼĹһ
˱ǰһĻʱ¼Ҷ緢
ҶȻվԭһ
п֣пŵ
һЩУҶվԭһڼʵУȴоÿιʱҶ綼ˡ
ƶٶ̫죬˴Ϊûж
սɫ΢ĸ¸еƣ䶷̨Ǳ͵Ĺ˺ƵǧٿףҶȻƵվԭأһ
ллʦ飡
ֹͣ˹Ҷ¶Цݵ
СӣʵﵽεȾˣܲҼʶһ£û뵽ԼʹĹҶ½Ƕûܴ֪Ҷʵ
ðɣ
Ҷ֪µԸ񣬲ĿĲݣ̤һ
һ̤Ʊ仯
սɽ۵ĿռⱻҶı䡣
ѩıѩʧȡ֮ﻨ㣬̲
һ涷޵ʻϵʢŨŨĻʯ˱Уһξ֮Уʵĸо
һŰٻ


1991 ˭
ҶعϢһ㴫翻ʹ翻ʹ뵽ϲ֮С
翻ʹѩƮ㣬ڻʹдϯӭҶع顣
Ʈ㣬ѩϣûƮ
Ҷ翻ʹûзּѩͰϣš
ѩϣŻϽˣѩƮ˵
ѩϣ츳һ㣬ϽȷʵõĹޣҶ˵ͷƮ㣬ʲô仯𣿡
Ʈû̫ı仯̵ľŽ쳣Ѿ˲ǱŽ̽ϢѩƮ
Ž쳣Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ǰŽ
Ž⡣

ŽҶնħ崫У¹ƿŮˮС
Žĳˣ
ҶԽƮŽʳʱ־Žʳǽ䱸ɭϣκ߶ϸ̲飬ſɽǡ
Ҷ͸һ㣬һ׵ǰǣ־Žʳиֺܶ࣬ˮ̽Žĸȫ˹
ţҶͻȻһɧֻӴޣһĳᣬзɹɽ˾Žʹ
쿴ˣ
ȵˣ
ҾŽ׷ʲô£ΪʲôͻȻôѵһĴ
ҾŽٳǳʧˣһǳرˡ
ʲôǣ
ʲôô󵨣ҾŽƵĳǳأ
ҾͲ֪ˣţŮʱһƽң
ֵϵ˽УҶüͷ
ͬ飬вִŽԵ˾ࡣ
Ӧ½ˣҶŽʹȥ

ǰ磬磬㣬ĸ磬Ƕˣ
һϮɫƳۣŽɫڣ欣ʸ߹鶯˫й̬֮Щֱӵˮ̣Խڣɵ˻ʹС
̣׷ʲôˣ
ǵʥڣü͸һ˿ƣ̬ˮ̣صʵ
ҾŽߴϢ½ˣˮ˸ڵ˵裬͸¶һҪϢ
ʲô½ˣ
ȻϣҶǰµԴ£ʵõԵȣǵʵ̫Զ
ţħˣˮ̵˵ͷħǣӦǸһ档
ʵڲУƮĵǰ;ǰɣǶ𾳽ʵҲħܣڳ˼һ£˵
Ҳֻ취ˣˮ̾Ϣһ硣
Ůʱ£ǰ˻ʳǣ
ˮ̵Բʱһ߽
ߣǳȥӭǰ
˵ţˮ̴ڵˣ˽⣬ӭյˡ
յ˵ĵŽĻʹֳ֣ͬˮһͬӭյˡ
쿴ǾǽŮȻ紫˵ǰƯ
һٹӦ˵ľǽŮɣ
ǰôƯˣлһ׷ٻʮҶԸ⣡
ιǼˣҪŮʱ֪Ǹ½Ůˣ
һɫףŰ͹ˣͿױӢˬŮؾ
ǣͳ죬֪ˣ
ʳͷֵ̿˵
Ů
ͻȻȺгһЦʱӢˬŮӵע⡣
˭ôģ
İҶ磬ӢˬŮӶʱγ˷ĳŭҶ
ҲǻģǴӹ߽ģҶЦЦ˵
ܣ˸ܽŮӸҶĻ
ҲˣҶҡҡͷʶŮʡ
ߣΪһŵĹŮһʶ־ܣҶ㲻
ŮӳҶҡҡͷû˵ʹȥ
վסٲվסݹҶ㲻ŮӿҶԼʱŭˣ
ŮӵľĻʳ֣ҶŰΧˡ
ĺŮʶҶЩε̾Ϣһ˲һ㣬ʧ˵İΧȦС
ãϮ
ͻȻʧҶ磬Ůӵɫ䣬һʱ˻ʹС
ǳһ˲䣬ǰһĻˡ
и߸ϣʥַŮˮ̣ԼӻҪֵḶ̌ͬʱ˽˸ոǸӵĻУþòԸſ
˭
ӢˬŮԺðͬͷȫɵۡ


1992 ħ
Ůʱ£˰
Ҷһ˫˫͵Ŀ⣬§ˮ̣ʱһͻȻڼžĻʹ
һ̣һɫۣȫɢǿħӣ̤һ
ÿ߳һռ䶼һ£µϢڣգɵ˻Ҫǿ֡
ħʥ
Ҷˮ̵̣ļ򣬿ͻȻĺӣһħʥ
ԭħܶҶնɱ½ȼħܴڣҶ϶ӦǸո½ħܡ
Ǻˣ
ˮѸٲøɾ۾ļˮֺĺӣָŮ̬ŭ
ҽħɣħ壬ҽ쵽Ϊλħ𴫻˵ǿϳλħħǲǻԵ
Ҳ²ΪʲôλħҶӻҪôλħ½ˣҪô͸Žĵ̣ùǰ֪̽ҲµöԲԡ
ţ˭λħҲܴĦģħɫһŭҶ磬ջ˵
ħҲи߲ʣУħʣħҲֻСӻ־ɱҶ絭˵
ôĿ챾ʥҪʲôʱħɱҶĻŭˣħӿ壬ҵĲŵýĲҿ
ž
ħ׼ʱҶͻȻǰӦһƳ˳ȥ
أ
ʧصħɷɵʱܲסҶӿֱӱ
磬ڴﵽʲôˣ
ĿҶһƳ鱬ħɵһĻյ¶֮ɫʵ
澳
澳ʲô磿
յ˶羳粻˽⣬֪澳ǺεȾ硣
ɱħ峤ħʺħͬɱҶ绺˵
ʲô
ž˴˷ľ
Ȼյ˲澳Ŀֲħ峤Ŀ£Ƕ˵ĵλĴˡ
ħǾ͵ħŰɣҵҪħɶ½磡Ҷ˵
ʶҶֲʵˮ̵˳׷
ȴħʱ䣬ˮ̣ÿҹҶһĲ࣬ѽ˼֮顣
ˮ̣̣ڵˣҲΪ֮ۺԴ£ϵشƾͻž硣
ʱڻзٵʧܿһʱȥˡ
ˮ̵˽ͻʱɿֲϢھŽʹħڳˡ
ˮ̣ҳ
һŭھŽʹϿը죬µ˵Ѻۡ
ȻħͷŵֲܿŽʹȴû¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʶҶֲʵħƲˣǵ졣
ǱͽΪƽأ
һħ¶֮ɫŽ̻ԻͣʮݻľŽʹӡһƣҪ
ӡĴֻδ䵽Žʹ鲣һˡ
һĻħɫ΢䡣
ѵģŽʹиػħ໥
ħԥҪҪ̽ʱһֻƾճ֣Ϣһѽץס
ʲôˣ
ͻȻץħͷųֲħҪѿֵĸ
Ҷ֮ʵ̫ˣε޷˺֡
ѻ꣡
ħܲסֵļѹѣϢʱҶͻȻߣʩչѻһһѻ֪꣬ǵ䡣
ţϻеڶħ½磬½ħ۴ܣ
Ҷħл֪ҪϢû飬ֱ˵壬ǻɱ
Ѫʨ
Ϊ츳ԵʣѪʨٶԽԽͻƵ澳磬Ҷڶ½
Ѫʨʹڶ½ػɡ
нѪʨض½Ҷţ嶥һ½磬Ҳв½
ǣˣ
ѪʨҲ֪ҶʵѾﲻҶˣڶ½ңڡ
ڣȥػɱ½ܣҶ
ǣ
˵꣬Ѫʨңնϣû뵽˻Уػţȴɱ½Ĵܡ
̣̣ھŽʹңҪȥطʱ
˶½ΣҶ׼ȥݷһ̫һ֪֮ĹֵϢ취лȡĵơ
ãǵ㣡ˮ̵̣˵ͷ
Ǳˮ̵ˣҶ뿪˾Žʳǣٶȼǰ֮ݼ̫һ


1993 ǵ
̫һǰ
ȻҶ磬С̫һ̫һҶţ̫һڻ˺
磬½ˣ
̫һؿռһռų֡
ţ½磬ǸǰһϢҶ˵ͷ֮Ĺˡ
ģ
̫һ۾һǵ˫бŨŨϲɫ
ţ֮Ĺ򣬲λû壬ħԼӦöжҪӺ֮ĹΪǰȡغ֮ģѶȺܴ󣡡Ҷ˵ͷ
½磬Ǹ֪Ϣİɣ̫һ·𶴴Ҷ˼
ţǰҪƣȻҾĵͼõ˺֮ģҲ壬ħǰߡҶ˵ͷ
ðɣҾݻԵ
̫һ˼һ£ٻһżСǣֲ̺ľʯԼһöľѪƵĻ
һż澧̺㹻ͻƵǵ澳磬öƵĻԵֵмһԼ¼ι
̫һǰƾöҿ޷壬ħǰѰɣ
Ȼ̫һƵĻֵߣ̫죬̫УȻûá
ţٸռ䴫ͷܵõ֮ģռ䴫ͷֱӴ뿪֮Ĺ̫һȡޱĿռ䴫ͷ͸Ҷ磬֪ʹ÷
ǾͶлǰˣ
뻤ȣöռ䴫ͷʵãõõȷʵܹܴΣա
̫һǰһмҪ㣿Ҷ̫һ͸ı
˵̫һ
˻˽𣿡Ҷ
˻ʡˣ̫һĸʵ
ٹ˻ʵĴԣҪǰжиε˽⣡Ҷ翴˼̫һ
С˻ʣҳٳٲһع磬ǹ˼˼һᣬ̫һһ
ǰ˲˻йذɣ
뵽սħ֪£Ҷһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
ǣǱ˻شģ̫һԥһ£ǵͷ
̫ʱڵʥأҲǱ˻ʻģҶû뵽̫һ˻йϵ𾪵ʵ
磬Щ㻹ǲҪ֪Ϊã̫һҡҡͷûҶ͸¶Ϣ
ǰһһҪ㣬Ϊҽ𣡡Ҷû׷ʣתƻ̫죬̫ǲһˡ
֪̫һһҡҡͷ
Ȼ̫һûش𣬵Ҷıлǿɡ
ǰʱ䣬Ҿͻ뿪½ǰѰҺ֮Ĺ뿪ʱ䣬ǰ½ҪҶе
ԣ̫һ˵ͷ
磬ͻ澳ѶȲСͻưɣؼʱҲһ̫֮һ
ã
ҶһڴӦ̫һ澧ȫǵ澳硣
ǵͻǵѶȼҪӴ󣬶Ҷͻ澳ûãҪʱͻƵ澳ء
̫һļ澧һʯҪǿڼ澧£ҶʵٵڵԽԽǿ
Ҷ̫һ£ȫ澳ʱеͻȻӳ޾Ĺâ
һħۣħͨռ䴫󣬴͵Ŵ뵽˶½
ţһͷɫʨӣ
ħ߳ʱ˻еĽѪʨ¶֮ɫ
ͷʨйŹ֣һħ
໣
˶֣Ѫʨվ˾ʨֱ˷ԲĿռ䣬ֱӽħѪ
棬ޣ
оѪʨɢѵħɵˡ
û뵽ȵ͵ȵĽ޴ڡ
Ŀ־Ҫ˻صʱѪʨſѪڣһҧסħֱۣӽ̵˶С
ħۣѪʨػŴȴ
ʱһȥ
ڽѪʨػһУħ壬ħֱʮħۣħ½硣
Щħħ۵һѪʨˡ
½ħۣħ𲻶ȫŭħ塣
ħʣħ֣ͨʥչҪػĽѪʨɱ

ѪʨѪȼգ˾ֱͨʥշɱħʡ
ۣ
ܽѪʨһǿͨʥˣħʸǱˣһ
£ħʿ־ˣѸٷ˿ռ䴫󣬸½ˡ
½ڽѪʨػ½ָ
Ҷ̫һ£ȫ˼澧ʼһδεĳƿ
֪ٴεĳ£͵ľƿɶ
ڣҶ粻иŬԼ̫һϧİ˾ƿͻƵǵ֮
ͻƵ澳ҶǱ̫һص˾ŽھŽ˰ʱ䣬úˮ̺ͽ̡
о½ȫָƽҶûٶˮ̵̣˲У뿪˶½ص


1994 С˻
ųǣҶ磬ĳǳء
ʶκңųˣ˵بĸѹаĹ񼣡
ţκҴϲ
߽ųǣҶ֪쾹Ȼκº˾׵ӣĸ⣬ԥһ£֮¥ȥ
˾ųǵһ˾Сӣԭһֱɽ©ˮ꣬ͻͻƵһǵ񾳽磬Ϊ˹Լĵλ˾׷κҹκ£ձ˹顣
κΪҶĹϵһֱߵĺܽѹΪųǵһκ˾֮ʱҲǰףء
£ֻгܽ¥μ˾κСĳϲ硣
Ҷ¥ʱ۵סʵ
ûֻżȻ·ųǣ֪´飬ͷݴ񡣡Ҷ¶ŵЦݵ
⡭
ŵʶҶ磬оȻʣԽо򵥡
Ҷ֣û뵽Ҳˣ
ԥʱһͻȻ
ɫƳۣͦΣҶڰսʶĹź裬ܳ¥⡣
ź裡ͻȻֵĹź裬Ҷ¶˵Цݡ
δ츳ߣշ˺ľĹźͻƵǵ񾳽磬ٶȣԹھ壬Ҷȣȴ̫Զ̫Զ

źĵʱ¥Ҵ߳κͨ˾˿źߵҶʱ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫǶ¥С
£ϲҵɾͨ͸㣡
ҶͷڣϼĸʮƯκ£͸һǿɵֵ澳ܹͨ塣
лл
κ½ӹҶͨ壬ؿм˵
ãϣ㲻ҪҶ罫ĿͶǱõ˾˵
İҶ٣ҾḺ£ҶϬĿ⣬˾һæ֤
ź֣ɷһ˵
Ҷ͹źĵ¥ӵ֣κҵǴﵽ۷塣
ƹѲҶ罫ź躰һߣҪ˽
Ҷ֣ʲô£
Ҷ磬ź軹ǷĵȻоҶʵʵ֪ԼһӶ׷ҶĽŲ
ź֣£ҶΪź赹һƵʲô·𣿡
绹Ƚȶ壬ħǰ򣬽ǶѰҷ񡣡źһƵ
ѵҵ֮ĹĹؼҶ۾һ
ܣź˵ͷҹ屾ǿн򣬵˻ʣͻȻչأҹۺʵԶԶ졢ħ壬ò
˻ʣչأҶüͷ΢΢һ塣
ڹϣ˻ʣչأΪǵҰģǾŹ֮Ĺ
ͻȻչأ϶ͼıʲô
£绹𣿡Ҷʵ
ǰã̫ȥ𻯹ףҪӭȢʥŮʥŮܾˣź˼һ£˵ټһֱڱչأ֮
̫ӣ
Ҷ۾͸ŨŨɫϱ˭Ҵע⣬Ҷ綼Ź
йʱ䣬ʥؽ۷䣬ŲμӡźһĽ˵ǳ񡣡
۷䣡
Ҷʵ۽磬۷Ѿ
л˹ź֣Ҷóһ浤ݸźŵҩ͸ɣϣͻƵ澳
浤źҲʶ֮ˣһ۱ϳŵҩĵȼæƴǵҶ֣̫ˡ
ź֣浤أٰһæ峤仰Ҷ˼һ£˵
ʲôźʵ
С˻ʡҶ紫
⡭
ź۾һɣˣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
źֻ֣轫仰峤Ȼҵ˼Ҷûٶ͸¶Ϣ
ã仰һ
Ҷɫףźе̬ԣصص˵ͷ
Ҷź̽һᣬȻ뿪ַǳ¥˹⣬׼񼣣ѹаĸٳɻշδаΪԼá
ЩǬبţʯһͻƵ¼񾳡
գսħ꺣УҲҶǿŸոմӶ½ջصɻԣȫ
õĸշаӦл壬ħ֮ĹеĴԵ˰ɣҶһһν뵽С


1995 շаɲǧ
񼣣ҶʵȣΣռ޷Σա
ٻ˫ᣬϵؼӿٶȣԼٶȥ
һʱ䣬Ҷɵ֮Ͽա
ϴղ㣬ҿӣ
Ҷ֪аɲǧû֮ӵĿ£Ĵ漶ͼ籡壬˲ûһֻµ֣ݻǳһץ֮С
䣡
֮ӱˣĺ汻Ҷһƽضϣµռ
ɶ㣬㵽ʲô
⵽Ҷ繥аɲǧ鸡ֳŭҶ磬ŭ
շ㣡ҶԵػӦ
Ȱ㻹ģҾ᳼κˣаɲǧǿӲػӦ
ɲ㣡
˵ţҶĴ漶ͼݻ֣ſֲѹаɲǧ顣
Ϊ㣡
⵽Ҷ繥аɲǧŭˣٵص֮ӵγһֲֻĺԣײ˴֣ƵҶĹ
֮ģںϣ
ƣҶں֮ģӲʵ벽澳ٻ漶꣬аɲǧ顣
һײֵĺ֮ˮʱˣµĽâ˺ռ䣬һаɲǧ飬Ǳ㡣
㣬ʵôô죡
ҶϴεŹȥ̶̵ʮʱ䣬аɲǧ޷ţҶ̶ʮУȻɳԼľ硣
аɲǧõĹޣ㣬аҲҪңҶǿ˵
ߣȻҲ֪ЩʲôʵҪշа췽ҹ̷
аɲǧΪаĶ֪аĿֲĸ̺֮аˡ
ɣǴΣ㳼ңҴȥշа޷շаɣҶ絭˵
һĹаɲǧǿ˵շңǾó汾°ɡ
ãȻҾʹ
˵ţҶҵķɼ֯ηĽаɲǧ鷢͵Ĺ
֮ӣأ
оҶваɲǧ֮ӵȫҪҶ
޵н壬֮򣡡
ص֮ϮҶ޵н壬˽ֱ֮ƿ֮ӵĹ
ţҶٻѹŷԲռ䣬һΡĸɽҽ֮С
̫ôϣ
аɲǧϹʱڽ棬֪ĿֲҶ罫̫ٻ˳¶˲˼֮ɫ
Ҳ
Ҷٻ죬аɲǧ顣
򽣹ڣ
аɲǧ鱻סʱҶ罫޵н弤£ֳ죬û޵񽣣һϢĳӣһն֮ӣش顣
ѹ
аɲǧ⵽򽣹شҶѹصаɲǧϣϵؼơ
аɲǧ㵽׳Ҷ翴Ѳѹص飬һʵ
аֻ᳼аˣаɲǧӲ˵
벽а񣬳
аɲǧ黰䣬Ҷ罫벽аٻ˳
벽а߾а벽а񣡡о벽аɢĿֲϢаɲǧӵ𾪡
а弸Ҷ߻а벽аڡ
飬ҵޣٲ㣡ʱаɲǧȻҵģҶЩ͵ľ
ãңҳ
аɲǧؿһ˼ɲѵҶ磬ֿһѳҶİ벽аѡ˳
ϣûƭңұ㣡
Ҷؾһջָаɲǧɡ
аɲǧ
鲻ƣǿг֮ӣһɫҶ첲ϡ
֮ѪѪ
շаɲǧ飬Ҷ˴ľѪڽ˺ɫУǿж
ʶҶֲʵаɲǧҷټϺ֮Ѫȼߣܿ죬Ҷаɲǧ
аɲ㣬лжټƷҶʵ
ûˣгң޼ƷȴмƷаɲǧ鸡ֳҡҡͷ
ãȥƷ
ƷҲΪ磬Ҷаɲǧָ£ҵһɢڹƷԵʵǵ飬һһո
ڹյأշƷҶûٵʱ䣬ֱǰѹаĸĺɫ̶쳣ںɫ̶İ


1996 а
İôˣ
żİҶһ˹ȥĵʵ
Ҷ磬ˣ
·𱻳İƣ˫Ҷʱϲɫ
İʯˣ
ҶóһʯݸİѸʯָյ
Լһʱİ˲ʯָһЩ
İ׷ʲôô˵Ҷĵʵ
ааҪƿĸˣɫ԰׵İ˵Ҽľȫѹס
İаͽˣҶ翴һ۱а͸ĸ
磬аܿ£Ķ֣ǧҪȻһûģİץҶĸ첲ŵ˵
İİѹаģʮİսѹ
˵ţҶ罫ոͻƵ񾳵飬بţ벽񾳽񣬰벽аսħԼ۷澳ķ棬մǬٻ˳
بǰǰͻƵˣ
ĸߣİָȫļ䣬ͻȻֵبţ飬оǶȫͻƵ¼񾳣ϲ˵
ţѾͻƵ񾳣ѹа񣡡һϮ£һبŵ˵ͷİγĸǺѹа񡣡
ã
بſİˣ˵ͷͨа͸ĸһ㽫̶а˳
໣
İγĸ˲䣬һ˲Ĺ̶̶ˣаһףҶ˻Х
بţȻ㣬㾹ȻҰγĸ㣬Ϊǧǧа˱𣡡׳ب˻ռҵĲ
а񣬵۷澳ʱѹ㣬ձͻƵ񾳣ԼбĻ᣿ب׵Х̤һԵػӦ
һ̤һƥâ¼˺ѿҵĿռ䣬һ׻ˡ
а񣬲Ҫͷ¶βˣٳɣһŻףبſ˵
بǰСģƿĸˣ
ͻȻİɫ䣬بŴ
죡
Σʱ̣Ҷȼ˺֮Ѫں¼񾳽Ļ編ֳ࣬ӭȥ
أ
ĸײһ˲䱬ݻռ䣬ĩһ㡣
ۣ
ӲĸһҶѪڰС
м񣡡
ĸ֮ϣԸӦ£Ҷ緢֣аͨ񣬶м
аҵСˣû뵽ĸѹУ㾳粻û˥ˣͻˣ
بţҲû뵽аȶӵ£ͻƾ磬ʮʢ׷ϴ
ĸҺİبǰȫѹаǧҪˣ
ҶƸոշаɲǧԼʮϹӡռ䣬بŵ˴
ãһСģ
بŵ˵ͷٻԵļƷ
بŵ˺£ֱӺˣ¶ѹͨɫűըԼ⣬Ŷħ˫ǣž޴򣬷·ħһа
ħ࣡
а¶۳棬ſɲ֮а񷢶
ȫʱبţҲ׷׼۷ǿһɱа
а򣡡
⵽بŵ˹а͵Ѫɫ˫ɫҵȶγɲаӲֵס˵Ĺ
ĸն
аֵ飬بŵ˹ʱƱа͸ĸնҶ硣
İң
ĸԶ֮ϣӲĸҶſĽ֮ѣӱնףоĸĿֲҶĸİ
ĸ
İҧ촽ϵعͨĸǿо͸а
İ£а񽥽ʧȥ˶ĸĿƣץסᣬҶٻѹĸ
䣡
ĸײһ𣬲Ӳɽѹĸ˿ȴܵˣҶʶĸĿֲ
죬ն
ѹĸʧܣҶ漶ڽ콣Уֳ콣նĸ
ˣ
칥£ĸеаɢһЩ
磬ĸа͸أҪұҪ뵽ĸУİȫʯٴγʧصĸҧһ촽
ãһᾡȫѹĸ㽫
ȻҶİ״̬ǿоĸΣأҶ֪ûѡаȫƿĸǴΣա
ĸڣ
İһһ⣬ĸУĸһµƣǿоĸеа
֮ѹ
İǿоĸʱҶſ˽֮򣬽궯ĸ뵽˽֮Уϧһдѹ


1997 аĿֲ
Ҷİȫѹĸ֮ʣ飬بŵаսȻ׶Ρ
Ȼبţռţм񾳽аֲ̫ϵطبŵ˵Ĺ
ҿһʲôôˣ
ƿǬ֮գԼɱйаϣ޷˺ֺ¶˾֮ɫ
໣
аĿգſɫͣһŭߺա
ã
ɫһ䣬ƴз
ʵа̫Զֵסа񷢳ĿֲХֱ˳ȥˤԶصˤ˵ϣ
Ҷ磬Ǹʲô⣬ˤˣ
ѪգȫѹĸҶ
ϻȫѹǶҪҶ翴ԳǬ֮棬е˹죬Ӧ
Ǭ֮һ̸»
һӢҲڱսʬһ
ռ𣡡
аһʱبʩչռعֱӻаΧĿռ䣬һ
ռ˲аķ壬˵Ѻۡ
аӵв֮գָֻ֮ȫبŵˣǼҵĶԹ
飬بͻƵ񾳣벽񣬰벽аսħĹֲͬȫסа͵Ĺ
ǽ֣ɵƻֲ̫ݻһС
ֱӽ񼣾ͷĿռݻ٣ظ˵Ѻۡ
ʲôˣ
оų´ųǸ壬˳Դ˹⡣
ڹдģѵҶӵΪ񼣣
뵽ǰøոҶ磬κͨ˷׷ײ²
κϣҪҪȥ
ŹڽأκհҼ׷忪ʵ
ˣ񼣲ȾָģǻǲҪȥˣ޹ɥκͨҡҡͷ
񼣺εȵľ޴󣬶𶯹񼣵ǿģڻеļսҪųǰɣ˾˵ͷɫص˵
ųǣ
˾Ļκͨɫ䡣
ߣǻųǣǿƣҲҪסųǣ
ųǵĸһųݣ͵ڶϾǸĴУ뵽µĺκͨϻصųУ׷׿ǿĽƣ˾Ҳųǡ
İ㻹Ҫòܾĸеа֮
ĸҶҶĿǰʵںϻ編඼ֵס
ĸа£Ҫʱ侻еа֮ܣҹƣʱ䣬ȫĸİĸд
죬ʱ̫ˣ
ֹУƬ֮䶼ֳܷʤʱ伫пþʧء
İû編㣡
Ϊ˾쾻ĸеа֮Ҷ罫ԼںϵĻ編ٻ˳û編ûɫ룬ǿĸеа֮
ʧȥ˻編࣬Ҷʵٵ½ſĽ֮Ǳĸ׵˺ˡ
ԭʼ̥
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫ԭʼ̥ٻ˳Լȫĸ
ԭʼ̥᲻ɴݣȴȻܲסĸĹ
ĸ֯һ޵нӰ£ԭʼ̥岻ϵ飬һؽۡ
編࣬ɣ
ԭʼ̥ϵҶͨ編࣬ȫĸеа֮
Ȼĸ編а֮Ѷȼ󣬵а֮Ǳ編ɡ
Ϊ˻編ǿɣĸеа֮ϵؼ٣أİ¶ĸƿȨ
磬ҶĸˣаѾ޷ˣİԴϲĴ
İپĸа񽻸ǶԸ
Ҷһ編ںһ𣬽岼ۣصԭʼ̥ջصǬУֳնңѹ˹а
򽣹ڣ
Ҷ缤޵н壬ںϽ֮˲û񽣣նںһһն˻Ха
ͣ
⵽Ӱ֮Ӱаֱӱᴩˣĵ棬Ǳһһ׵ĺڶ
һ̣а񼤷ڵĲѪѸ޸˱򽣹شȫϮ飬بŵ˼ս
аƣ
аһγſǿа򣬽֮˵Ĺ
֮а֮򡭡ײ
аſа˲䣬ͬһʱſһͬײа
䣡
ײһ𣬱춯ء
գҵĶײУаبţ˳ſǿͬʱˣǲԼͬ⵽ˡ
٣
а⵽ɣʧؽڽڰʱҶ罫Ĵ漶ͼݵ£٣ͷŻļ֮һ飬޼𣬺ɱа
أ
а⵽ɣ˺۵壬⵽Ҷȫʩչٸӣֱӱˡ
δҶȫѹаһμѪ޸˱֮ĿֲҶ˸еͷۡ


1998 ѹа
ֻһδδ֮ܽ£Ӷѹ
بѸٷһ浤ѹסƣ򼤷֮壬޸а񷢶͵Ĺ
໣Ҫǵ
ƼأȫŭаǿѪ֮ɫͻȻͣҶ˷˾쳤Х
а֮𣡡
һ֮£ѣռ顣
µХϢĳӣϯҶˣҪ
ħ࣬𣡡
Ѹٵǰ۳֮­ӭȥ
ȻͻƵ¼񾳣ս˰ٱ࣬м񾳵аȣмʵࡣ
ĹǿХײһħ෢˲ˡ
ռڶ
ؼʱ̣بŵǿĿռ֮γ˿ռڶɹϮХаĹ
𣡡
а֮بţ˺ֵа˻һֱŷԲĿռ䣬Ҷˡ
ۣ
аһ۷澳գҲֲסǧԶصˤ˵ϣʧȥս֮
սħ벽аȻǿʵֵס˻ͬء
򽣹ڣ
٣
޼
ŻĹҶſ˽֮򽣣ݻ٣ݻ޼ʩչͨа
ͨ£֮Ӳ˺ѣͨаϣơ
ұ
飬بŲƣȫа񣬳аҶʩչͨشʱˡ
֮壬޸
屻򱬣аԥѪ޸ŲƵҶ˷
죬ն
аո޸˲䣬Ҷնһնа޸ϣֱӽն
ţبţ飬˷Ĺɱ˹һδ塣
Ȼаӵв֮壬һδα򱬣Ƕ˼Ӱ죬սǳ»
ʱİȫĸеа֮ٵʧûָɵа⣬ѸͻΧ뿪
İٹæ
аͻΧܵͷҶٻİĸһͬնɱа
£а屻Ӳնţѵ⵽بţ˵Ĺһαˡ
а򱬣ڵĲѪԽԽսǲϵ»
編໯ľ
оʱ죬Ҷһٻ˻編࣬Ʒ໯ΡߴҡҷŻйĻľɫ룬а񱬿ϣǿжɡ
ľľô
аȻųƲ֮壬ҲпǣǾǿһеĻľ
⵽ľɣأѪϡа񷢳˾֮ɫٵ޸ҪѸͻΧ
ѹռ䣡
ҶаͻΧܵĻᣬѸٻϵرѹռ䣬аٶȡ
بţ飬ˣҲһ̣ȫ֣ѹаսľɴѵĻᡣ
𣡡
ڻľ£аսϵ½ոٱѹƴľ
ľһδνüֲа򱬣ս½֮һ޷ľ
ȻаϱľɣԽԽҶ罫ǿޱ󣬿ɿɻ˳а
ʲô
оɻԲϵʴԼĴʶа񷢳˾ֵƴɻԡ
ʱ˿̵̫ˣ޷ֵľɺɻԵʴ
ټبţ˲ϧѹأа񷴿֮ԽԽʧȥ˵ֿɻʴԼĴʶ
ľ࣡
оаû˵ֿҶջ˻ľаսǬС
磬ллˣ
авһֱبһ̣̱Ҷ£ԽеľͶ뵽С
بǰˣⶼӦģҶ΢΢һЦ˵
Ϊлĸ͸ɣبûģ컹Ҫĸ͸Ҷ硣
ȻҾͲˣ
ӵĸ죬ҶĹﵽ˷˼ĵزȫնɱ¼񣬶Կмˡ
磬ȥʲôطˣ
ڳ䶨׼ȥʱͻȻҶǰ˵
⣿Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ţϣоһӡǣӡǲ㣬һһ£˵ͷ
ӡǣ
Ҷ˲ԸӦԼ磬ȴûκεķ֡
ܰҽӡ𣿡
ԼֲӡǣҶֻ
Ҿ԰ɣһһע뵽ҶУǿƽӡǡ
ϧƽ£ƵҶϵӡǡ
ӡ˲䣬ҶоĴڡ
ӡǵǺϵأҶüͷšһ
ѵ̫һ
ҶԺиֳһӰ


1999 ˵ǻ
磬Ǻµӡǣ
ɫˮ˼еҶ磬˹ʵ
Ҳ֪
ȻҶ³Լӡ֮˼п̫һȴû˵
а֪ٹܣ
аϵУаΪаӦ֪ٹܡ
Ҷ٣֪Щʲô
ΪɻԵĿƣаֻܴҶ磬ʵ
֪̫죬̫ǲһˣҶʵ
Ҷ٣ʵ̫ܣҲаҡҡͷ
֪ƿߣ̫컹̫죿Ҷ˼һ£ʵ
⡭пܶƿߡа뵽ػУ͸¶һҪϢ
а֪ƿ˭ҶüͷһƣԾʵ
飬بŶаĻΧ˹Ҫ֪
֪Ǹصú綼ûм֪Ĵڣаҡҡͷ
а֪˻ʣĹϵ𣿡Ҷ׷ʵ
֪ĹϵǢ˻ӦǵжԹϵа˵
жԹϵҶüͷĸˡ
˻жԣƶ壬˵ͼʲô
ͨаĶԻҶᵽıζ
а㻹֪ʲôĴ𣿡Ҷ˼һ
֪壬ħܵıԴأƻԴأ壬ħɲСӰ졣а
ԴأҶ۾һ
澳ҶҪٽһͻƵ벽Ѷȼ󣬵ӴıԴͻƵ벽ٶȡ
ţ֪壬ħ屾ԴʮΣȷʮҪıԴ֮һǽƻ졢ħһ񣡡а˵ͷ
ãǾȥ屾Դأ
뵽졢ħܼȫǰ壬ѰҷԼ֮Ĺƻ졢ħ屾ԴѵʱҶ統ϣȥ屾Դأǰħ壬ħ屾Դأ졢ħһʹĽѵ
ڣǿڱɽУƿűɽԲǧǱһ
Ҷ٣ǴܱԴؾͲڱɽУػţԴضʮҪһÿԴأػһϮɫ۵а񣬳Ҷߣ˵
Ҷһˣһʱ·˱⡣
ĿĵأҶ粻뱩¶Լûǿڣ׼취޻˻ʻƸӵĸӡ
̫죬̫˻ʣ֮ĳͻ͸ˡ
֪ˣȥǬɣȥǹ䣬ʲô𣿡
˵꣬Ҷ罫а͵ǬУأӵռ֮ǰ˱ɽıǡ
Ҫܼ޻˻ʣ񣬳ɹ֮ԴأҶ߽죬¥̨֣ͤھ޴ͼµıǣҶͷųǿŷԲռ䣬ռõϢ
Ҷ磬ҺöȥԶòã
ʶأһҡҶĸ첲
ãȥǰԶҶ˵ͷǰ˱һţװݻľ¥
ʻȻɣɢŶĿĹâҶ߽¥֮ʱʱ˲˵ע⡣
٣㿴ǹô
ɵһɫۣ۾䳤¶Ų֮ɫӣһߵĺӣ˵
ȷʵѵһ˶
ӿžȲ裬ȴʳ˵ͷ
ϲľռʵŮһĿζǽ׸Ǿлύ΢΢̣С
˵òʣܴ򶯻۾һ
ߣǹȥ̽̽ǵٲ³ç֮ˣ׼̽һҶˡ
λЩİǲǸǣ
ٶˣɢ˿˿ƣ˹ʵ
йϵ𣿡ҶеĲ豭ɨһ۶ˣ䲻ȵ˵
λҪ⣬ûж⣬ֻǽѶѣ
ҶǸĸٲЦ˵
û˵ʵǹûģҡҡͷ˵
⻰ɾԩˣٿ崿˵ԽԽĶĸоǶһʣǽѡ
˵ǻģòҪ˵ѣƵ˵
˵ǣ˵ǻģһƬ϶û£ӴЦһĻЦˡ
һ̣¥ϿͻȻһֲ
īĿ˺˾¥ϿսƣХĺ׵ĺ㲻õĸٶϣֱӽЦݵĶˣ̱ڵϣһ


2000 嵽
⵽һǿֲͨʥף
⣬ôа飡
ȫڣڵϲϳ鴤ĸٶˣ¥ɵۣ򵥴˼ر仯
ѾͷҸҾŹ㣡³һں̣ŭջ˵
ɵ֪һжĹ
ȻЩ죬ԼݣδԼҶ۾͸˺֮ɫ׼ݺݵر
;ˣ˵ѻƫƫţӸٵвٳԲѷȻ⵽
㡭
ָָҶ硣
Ȼƿڴйеŭ𣬵аŵ۾л¶ع˼֮ɫŭĻɤۡ
¡¡
ʱһ״ݺݵغڸϣƤȥһˡ
ָңٸָңһҳͷģ
ȫڣðẓ́鴤ĸ٣˵
ÿµȻƿ
ҶͫһԾؿû뵽Ȼӵ˿ֲȻƿƾٻֲͨʥס
⵽ͨʥ׹ƤҪĸٿ־ˣ
ѻ꣡
ڸٶҶ˸ϿȥøϻؼټֱҶ˸ٶߣɿǣǽѻꡣ
ţڰպڱھʢ磬ףԼͻƵ۷澳ʱ壬ħ壬ԼƿصĲǰףءҶڸٻ꺣л֪ҪϢ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
߰ҵطϢ
˵֪ڼʢ磬Ҷ绹֪Ĵ֮һһԺиֳ˼ƻ

ҶҪߣѣεĸٶԵһ
ͻȻҶţݺݵ˸ٶϣֱӽȫڵĶ߷˳ȥֱӴ͸˼ӲǽڣˤֵĽֵϣ֪
Ҷ磬ǽȥģʵµûһ˿ǡ
ȥǬϢ
ҹϵǳһһɫͶãΪŮԻһǣڸҶա
մӸٻ꺣л֪ϢҶ˸Ҹ⣬ҵһƧĵط뵽ǬУȴһ˵
Ҷ׼αװɻһ뱱ڣŻ֮Դء
ҶǬеȴʱأúһĸٶ˱̧ص˸Ҹ
ʱǰŭɳĸ֣׷Ҷ˵䡣
Ҹ֣Ǽһ飬ûзҶ˵䣬øԽߺơ
ڸٲģߴٸҸ׷ҶʱԻһΪ׺ͻһ˱ǣԻҵıǻָƽ
һ֣ˣ
ƻָ˴룬ɫ΢΢Щ԰׵ĸ٣һϮɫۣͷڣ̤ѥĻ֮һĻһӭȥ
ţپôˣ
һһɫ԰ףϢЩҵĸپüͷ΢΢һ
ʵǰΪһַһɫŮȴСǵĵǴˣپ̾ϢһͼӴ׵˵
ţ֪ǾɫŮץס𣿡һɫһʵ
ûУپҡҡͷҸɳĸ֣ѱǣûзǵ٣֪ȥˣԿ϶ǣûгǡ
ûǾͺãǸŮģһҪץסҵҪʲôɫҴ㣡һ˵ԶĸپҪ
߰һǽȥ˵
һ͸پʱһɫۣһưɫף߿˵
̫ϳϣ
һȻǻ֮һǰȴҷ
ҵ֪ǻ̫ϳϣ۷澳ܵ棬óߵ飬һһӭ˸ңдǡ
ƹѲɫҲͬɫͻһͬһԺС
پҺ涼ˣٰżŮǽⷦɢŨŨĻһ
棬һ֣ŮҶǰźˣ֤⣡پһЦ˵֣ҶøֱֶεŮ˹
ɫ԰ףڱɴ˿Уճˣ˵Ůӣͻһ۾ʱ޲˺ıɴ
ˣûʲôˣȥϢˡĵĻһ͵֣ߴٵ
ǣ棬һ֣ҾͲǵˣá˵꣬پ˳ȥ£κ˲ÿһϢıԺ
ڻһԺеĽƣֹ˴ʱһٶȼĳԺС


2001 棬е
ʲôˣ
׼ŮӻطͻȻһİϢ֣ʱ
û뵽㻹ͦ
Ҷһ뿪Ǭ磬ؿĵˣ˵
ôĹƻˣҿǻˣһɫˮؿҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ҲܳΪ֮һ忴ҪįˣҶ̾ϢһȫȻûнһ
Сӣ㲻ҪţΪԸ㣿ջ˵
ȻҶϸоŨŨΣϢţкֶܶѹҶ硣
۷澳ѣҲԸңҶҡҡͷԵػӦ
úãͿ㵽кα£ȻڳԣŭˣҪȼǿѪ֮֮ѹҶ磬ݡ
ޣҶ΢΢һЦа飬ب˴Ǭٻ˳
񣡡
ǻ̫ϳϣϤϢа˳ʱӶʱɵùԲ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫҶ
ɵˣһ¶˾֮ɫѸóһŴѶ飬봫Ѷȡ
ݣ
һ̶Ľ
Ҷһ漶ӳĻ꺣һ˺˿ռ䣬㲻ĻһұնѪȪһӿ˳۵ʹ
Ȼһܴ󣬵ԺгǿĽƣټԺˣһ˺ûһ
㵽Ǻˣѵһг𡣡
ŬԼ侲֪Լûһ˿ᣬֻ취
˭Ҷ米˫֣˵
ߣϷǻ̫ϳϣһֱڻ壬Ϸ£֪ʱأҲһ׷ɱһҶʩѹ
Һ»屨Ƕ𣿡Ҷ絭˵
ˣʵһЩҿܵһǳĥ˵ֶΣҶ絭ľ
Ѫݣ
Բɿĵˣ֪Լֻһ·ʱȼȫѪһѪҪԺܡ
ڱǰܵõ𣿡аһſ˿ֲа˲ûȫѪ棬档
һ̣֮һֻ֣澪ֵĿע£УֲȫĹͷѪܿƵʳ
汻аشʱҶʧȥұۣʹధĻһߣɽشڽ¡
Ǭգ
Ѹײڶ֮شˣҶ޷֮ĶսǬС
գαװ𣿡
оΪ˱¶ڣҶ绹Ҫһαװ棬ôαװ澳õѡ
ΪʲôҪ㣿
ڱͷڻ˵
αװ棬ɴ˴μƻҸ̺Ļ̤벽񾳣Ҷջ
ģյ۾ʱãһнˡ
˵꣬أԵǰʩչֶΣǿжѻ֪꣬䡣

һ̣岻Ϸű仯ܿģ

һģһΩΩФգҶ¶Цݡ
ҵıֻάʮʱ䣬ʮʩչҪһֻ꣬ܰʮ죡αװ
ʮ죬㹻ˣҶ˵ͷ
֮⣬䣡
ҶʧȥұۣڵϵĻһߣѻ꣬αװ
ԻһѻʱҶ۾вɵ͸¶һɫ
֣һЩݻ̫̫ĹҶ约ɱݾߣɢˡ
߰գǳȥ
αװɻһ棬Ҷ档
ϣôཿο˵СˣտŰڱɴУȣ¶ѩ˫Ͱ˵ŮӣЦ˵磬±ˣҪʵۿ

Ҷһۣͷųǿ͸ŮУǿĨȥǲּ䣬ԵսǬУ׼úýѵһ¸ңɡ
һҹʱܿȥ
ڶһ磬پ˻һϢıԺ˸ո߳ŵҶա
棬һ֣֪ҹϢĿɺãǼŮӿɷ⣿پһЦ˵ҪͨŮɫ˵Ĺϵ
⣡
ҡҡͷģ˵
⣬ǲǲˣپɫ΢䣬æϢŭһݺݵؽѵǸһ
ǱǲϱĿζ
մͦΣɫȻЩ԰ף˵ĸپ˵
֪ϲʲôζ
Ȼپ֣濴Щԣûж룬ظ֤
ô鷳ˣҿͲ˼ʮѿͣĿȵ˵

ȵ񣬸پͻȻһֱǶϵĸоһȫĺëֱ
ϣ棬ҿеģپ΢˵
ϲľеģЦһ߰ɣҽݡ
˵꣬Ҷ罻һ񣬷ҶûֹԼĴϲȫӲһ亹ĸپʹУС
ܿ죬дĲҽپմΣǿڡ


2002 թ
ңǺôĹ
һ߳һЦЦҶ磬ͻȻһŭ쾪ڸҸϿմҡ
ղҾ徵ֶĥ£پĶھɥ
һ̣ŭʮԼҸ߲׷׸˹鿴
棬ʲôˣ
һŭգҼԶһǰֵ̿ʵ
ӺôĹȻð棬Ĳң˿ֲɱ⣬ɱڵ˵
⡭棬ǲᣬپôð㣿Զɫ䣬æ
᣿ĿɭȻ˵ô˵еû£ԩˣ
Ҳ˼ͷðſźĸԶ
ȻǱǰ뱱ԼȣǾͲ̫Զˡ
ʵߵ棬Ҳֻ棬֮вԽʵࡣ
ο˴λĲֹһ棬һŭ棬ܸҴ֣֮û˻˵
ʲô˼հԵ˵ԶҺһңģҪһ˵ֱҲ
棬ͽپǸ棬һԶԴҲ벻پεˣֻپƽϢ¡
ˣپð棬ѾɱˣĮ˵
ɱˣ
յĻԶ۽Ǽһ¡
پ۰ĶӣǸδϣ֪ɱϢԶһֱ̽ĸоһƲסԼ
ôӱ𣿡
һ첻µزµ׽Զ۾͸һɫɫ˲
治Ҫᣬû˼
嫵ƣԶһռŭæ͵
棬ĺ֪پεԶһɥӵıʹʵ
֪ɱȻܼ򵥣ھ㣬˵Լ

Զû뵽˵Ĳ
֪ᷢ£͡
Ѿˣǲ𣬴ʱԶֻ뾡ƽϢеŭ뿪
棬һСѣڷôƢ𣿡
ͻȻѹֵıԺһ
һϮľۣƤڣѩ׳Ʈɢ˫磬ÿһռĸ̫ˡ
棡
һֱչأ¶ĸ̫֣Զ˳һ
ʲôҲֵܲģĿɨһ澳ĸ̫˵
棬ҸΪУ̧ҸҰɣ
̫۽Ǽһ£סĵŭ𣬵˵
Ҳԣǲ׼óʲô𣿡ʨӴ󿪿ڣ׼թҡ
֪Ҫʲô̫ʵ
ˣҲ׵ķϣҲҪֻҪＴɣָ֡
ÿ˵һ̫Զ˵۽Ǿһ£ȻＫԸҵò
˼棬˵ҸûУ̫ӲͷƤ
ǲˣȻǾͱֱɱˣɱԼأһԲϾҪɱˡ
ȵ棬㿴ΣɷƽϢŭ𣡡
̫ʮ۷澳ƻóһɢɫʯͷ
ɫʯյ۾ʱɣʮɫʯ뿪鷳
ʮš
̫û뵽ôݣҪʮɫʯ
Ҫ֪ԸڱǵĵλŽһɫʯʮɫʯڶò
˼棬Ҹֻһɫʯ̫ǿѹĵŭ𣬵ͳ˵
ˣҲ̫Ϊǣɣٴ򿪲ر⣬ҺһȥѡǾߡֱ˸̫еɫʯɺ˵
棬ҸһԻհαؿƣ̫챻ˡ
ǹ˼ֲʵ̫ͳսٸغˡ
ߣѾܸˣٲʶȤǾͱҲˣЩ͵˵
ãҴ棬һȥر⣡Զ̾Ϣһҧź˵
һ۸ˣթ˵ĸԶû뵽ԼҲб˶թһ졣
棬һӣҸҲر⣬ǿҸĻķϣԶĵʹЦ
֪ˣ˫ðհ˰֣ͷ˵
ָָ㣬ʮ
յıֵߣԶһ
յĻ㽫Զıȥ
ҸոյĶҪҶˣ
˵ֳ꣬öǬָڸԶĿע£ղսǬָˡ


2003 
գˬҲˬˣǲǿóˣ
ڸԶ˵ѪĿע£Ҷһ뿪˸ңǰ˱ڣ;Ҷ紫
Ҷ磬ǲǳԴˣ΢̣ĵĴϽЩ͸㣬һúź㡣
ˣҶ㲻ȤҶҡҡͷֱӴܾ
ġҿǿķǰɣռҶ硣
˵ģҶӹɵ˵Ϊ㳤е󡣡

ҳó㳤ûۣ
նԼòһţҶ統ʱðɡ
գҪ͸ʵʵӸѹıҡҶ絭شǿɫʯҵǿ͸㡣
⻹࣡
ҰղȣɫʯյջټϻʮҪԹԽöǬָ͸Ҷ硣
ܿ죬Ҷһ˱ɽ⡣
֪Ҷ˵ϢڵӲҵɽţҶһ˱С
ǿ󷨽ƣ
뱱ڣݵڱɽиоһصһ󷨽ƣڸڣԶ޷Ӧڵʵ
ΪαԴأûڱ¹򣬾ǲ֪мػ屾ԴأҶűڵӣ˱ɽһ̻Ի͵Ĺڡ
棬һڽǵˣ
ԶԶҶһˣһϮɫƳۣ˫΢΢ЩףıƴһڱڵŴӭǡ
ϲͻƵ۷澳ƴˣҶģŻһ˵˴
棬һ룡
ƴŵ̬ԽҶһ˱ڡ
뱱ڣҶ翴صΪ峬Ȼĵλ߽Ҷ棬д󣬷׷ǰݼ
֮ƴҶˣǰ˱λѣһͱڣƺıԺϢ
棬һŮǰźˣвľ˵ﵱɼҾУƴ˵
ȵȣ治ŮɫҽԪҪϥ̸ͻȻס׼ȥƴݿܵ
⡭
ƴüͷһû뵽澹Ȼ˿ζҪԪ
ôΪѣɫһȥԪڣ˵ҵ˼ǸҲӣǡ
ðɣȥ
ȻԪڹϵ֮һΥյԹԵ˽Ԫ˹
ǰһңһϮɫۣӢԪ˹һ
ȻǱãܺϷĿζ´ԪԽԽ⡣
ллǰ佱Ԫ˵ûж롣
лңǾźңźˣͣ˵ţսԴɵԪԺȥ
ǰǰʲô
б֮ɫԪȫĺëֱֵ˵
һ֪ˣ
ֱӸס˾Ԫ뵽˷С
ܿ죬һĲҽƴֱ¡
һһ£Ͳˣ
ƴһѸٴĿɿڴ£˱Ժ
ʮŮˣǿ£Ҷ̾Ϣһ߽˱Ժ˸ƣԼУһĴϣƤţ̰ϸ壬ıѵμˣ΢ؿ
·ڱɽתת
ȻǰһĻһΪ֮񣬵Ҷ֮ļ㣬һŮɫӰ죬˵
ǣ
ҶӣŮĪĲһ£Ҷ棬·̤ҹɫ뿪±߱Ժ˹ľ죬ʯ᾵ıɽС
ҶԤϣŮӶԱɽΪ˽⣬ҶǶԱɽ˸ε˽⡣
ǰʲôط
ҶָǰһƬƺڵĿռ䣬ʵ
ǰұڽأǲûнȥο˵ıŮҡҡͷ
أ
ȻҶ约´ݾߣûп֪̽һָоǰĽؼпܾ崫еء
߰ɣǻȥ
Ŀ꣬ҶûڱɽôŶŮص±ߵıԺϢ
ոߵԺҶԼӿҡҡͷŮ߽˷С
ˣҪˣȥϢɣҶ絭˵
ӣǲǿǽöˣһµŮҧź촽˵ʵ
ǣֻһͨܽŮɫҶҡҡͷһɡ
ǻʹӣǱ㣬Ǿ赻ȥһ⵽ĳͽ䣡ο˵ŮӿͰ͵˵
İɣһ˵һеģܵ𷣣
˵꣬ҶԹŮӣ׼Ǳ뱱ڽء


2004 
ҹԽԽֵıڽ
ݣ
ǬҶ£Ƴ±ߵıԺٶȼ˱ڽ⡣
ɿճ棬ƽ
ҶͨǬụ̂ɿճٻ˳Ѹֽصǿơ
ܿ죬ɿճ£ǿĽƱɿճҧһ󶴣Ҷһ뵽˽С
ţǱڵأ屾Դأ
뵽УݵԲǿϢȴûиоԴء
ѵ屾ԴطҶüͷ
ʲôˣҹұҪʲô
Ҷ˼ʱһͳĶУһ鲼ۣɢϢ߳ˡ
벽񣡡
оӿҶ³ǳԽ۷澳İ벽ܡ
˭
αװɻһҶ¶ЦݵĿŰ벽ܣš
Ҳ²ݣ֪㲻ǻ֮һĻһ벽ӹɵ˵
˵ˣҾǻһҶҡҡͷʸڷϵ
вϣҿԿ϶㲻ǻһ벽ܵұڴϲӣαװǰңĺ֪㵽˭
˵ţ벽ܿһ˲ưҶǰݵץҶ硣
ߣ벽Ҳץң
ҶһѪȼգں֮ģ˲佫ʵ벽£һȭ˲䱬ڽݿƵ˰벽Ĺһȭ˻ȥ
һ̣Ҷٻ˼Ʒаɲǧûĺɫӣֱӽռ䣬˰벽·
ڵ棬ʵҲˣ
ռ䣬Ҷٻ漶꣬ɫ΢ı棬Ե˵
ͼıұѾˣ
оռаɲǧﵽ˼Ʒȼ֮ɫŨˣѰٻһƴаڽأƷȼķ컭ꪣС
Ʒ㱱ĵλ
ƷΪϡֻΪºպսӵС
ٷϻұصң޻أһֳַ֮컭ꪣ
һ֮£ռ䶼ƴķ컭ұµһΡľɽϢ
ߣһƷ͸ôģҶһٻӭȥ
أ
뷽컭ײһ˲䱬˺ռ䡣
ڴ˴аɲǧƣԶ˽ɵƻ޷
飬㵽˭
оֱ۷飬ѿѪ۵ıĲˣԥںصɱҶ硣
ԭʼ̥أ
֮ӿ뱱壬Ҷٻԭʼ̥˺ѿ棬û뵽з
ԭʼ̥ȫѨϷ£ںٶȲϵ½
ʱҶ缤޵н壬ֳ淢͵ĹѶĻᡣ
㣬ܣ
ҽʱоҶɢϢȷܡ
һ񣡡
ҶûлشĻٵĴ漶ͼںϳڽһɫޱı棬ȫ
ͣ
֮⻪ɱڱ汾ܵǰķ컭ʱ˲䱬ŷ컭ꪳʧأݺݵ˱ؿϣڽڵİˣѪ
ɶ㵽ʥػ𻯹ˣأһں֮ʵһߴ˵ұԩ޳Ϊﵷҡ
ߣ㱱ȷʵûгԹ־͹ĹҶһ˵ͼ̲壬ѵǷ𣿡
Ҷ绰䣬ʱɫһָоҶ粢ǳ
ڱʱҶ缤޵н壬ʩչ򽣹ڣ˲ݻƥĽâϢĽӣն˱档
֮򣬵ֵ
Σʱ̣ſǿ֮Ҫֵ֮򽣹ڡ
򽣹ڵĹֲ̫ںһ֮£֮飬µĽݺݵغڱϣ˳ȥӱѪģ
һ񣡡
̵ҶֲʵҪ鴫Ѷ鱨Ѷ
ԸӦ£һһҶУȱ鴫Ѷ飬ҶѸٴ̳һ
ʮʱ£Ҷһﵽ˰ٱ٣һ֮£ն˱ұۣ޷鴫Ѷ顣
ѹ
һնұۣҶٻ˼Ʒݺݵѹڱϣһش塣
ѻ꣡
ѹ¶ãҶԵǿжԱѻ֪꣬䡣
ϷҲóѣ
ΪסܣҪԱ壬ѹ£ȫٶȻޱȣ޷ȼȫԱ
ҪûüֵֻµҶ絭˵ؿԴѻꡣ
ԭ屾Դǣ
ͨѻ꣬Ҷ֪屾Դصλãٻ˻編࣬ʹధı˸ɣ۳Ż˵
Լһʱԭʼ̥˱ڵﵽ۷澳صǬУҶ뿪ˡ


2005 һһ
峿͵ڱɽոµһ졣
֨
յķűƿˡ
ɫҰףɢ·ҵԪ˳뿪ˡ
հôĥ˼ˣҿԪҪˣ
Ҷ翴Ż߳ţˬ۷Ź棬ҡҡͷ
ûĥֻǺһϷѣ΢΢̣δ˵
¶ЦݣҶҡҡͷɵͬԪجΰľȷʵ˺¡
ˣҪһϷҶ紫ɱ´֪գμ޻˻ʵļƻ
İɣ֣һˣתؿڱ֤
Ҷƻʱƴֱⷢˣڶʱ뵽˻֮С
ǱڵĶǱڵػߣԱ˵֣֮ûбڵʵ½üΡ
ʲôǱұڣɱ棡
о̬صƴ˷ڣ˼ֵݡ
˼һᣬƴоǰףصĸɣֻİ
ƴ֮˵λ壬Ϊһֱڻ壬Ҫǣڻ縺屾ԴصʹԵ޹ʻɱ棬ڵʵ
棬һݣûлɡ
˼ȥƴֻ壬Ϊ汨
ػñڣûκ˲뿪
ɫˮƴĶһǰ±߱ԺݼҶˡ
棬һҪƴվڱԺ⣬Щ˵
ʲôˣģԺдɡ
棬һұڳˣƴԺиƣ˳
ˣüͷһ𣺡ʲôʱ¡
Ӧҹ£ƴ˫ȭ
ҹ˼һµճǵжڡ
һһұڽãʵԶұڣʵ벻ֵ˭ƴһһʮ˵
˼ǴģҶһԽӻǰǰ벽Ƥӵɱ벽ļп˵пαװݣڸС
һĺܶԣҶһһ͵֪ʲôطɷȥʲô˿Ѱ𣿡
һֱػұӦƴ˵
ߣȥҵʲôмֵ𣿡ƴǰ˱
⵽ԭʼ̥ɣήˣһïʢľѿˣ
ɶ⵽ʲô˸ɵģ
ǰľƴֻڵѪ֪ᷢ£Ҳиڱڸ䡣
ţ⼸⣡
ߵһ׵Ľԣģоһµ
棬㷢ʲôƴʵ
ûп⼸ۼпµģָżؽ˵
ƴ۾һɵ棬ȷ⼸µģ
磬࣬ƿڸУȷ⼸µģֵݿСһķΧ
ͷӦһ£ЩлϢ˵ҿȷЩ۾µģҲֻı֪ɱ֡
棬ûмǴ˻е˻ʽɣҶһԽӻ
˻ʽյ˵ͷ˵˻ʣڱչء
չأҶüͷ΢΢һ˻ʣƱչأǲǵǲıչء
˻ʣƴ뵽س˼У棬һ˻ʣͼıʲô
屾Դأ
Ҷͬ
ˣǰã̫峤˻һսȻ˻ջɱ̫峤ͬˡ˵˻ʻ᲻֪屾ԴأҪΪСһܱ壬屾ԴҲлʵһ¥Ҷѭѭյ˵
һķǳеʮֿ϶˵ڿ˻ʵĿԼ󡣡
˻ʡƴоԼԴˡ
棬һ˻ʣ˵Ǹô죿ƴܵҶһһ͵Ӱ죬Ǳʶн
ûв´˻ӦûڱڣҪ£˵ȣ㽫﷢£Լǵķ֪壬壬Һһȥ屾Դػ
˻ʣǿ²Ƕ֣˻ǿߣƴĲ㡣
ģл峤⻯ػ˻Ҳóѣظ
ðɣһоͰˣ
ƴ֪̫⻯Ŀ£ûж˵ݣǶˣǰ˱ӡ屾Դ֮


2006 
屾Դصػ˭
ǰ屾Դص;УҶƴл֪мֵϢ
񣡡ƴ˵
񣡡
֪屾ԴֻһػҶ糹׷յɿ
ˣ屾ԴˣػԴصξͰ棬һˣ
ƴҶɣǶ˱ԴĽ£ػԴء
İɣ̫峤⻯Ƕػס屾Դأؿڱ֤
ͬСɣܱܣһ֪пܸڴԵѣ
УϵڣɸǰҶ翴ƺĵѵ
İһӣ֪ô
˵꣬صƴ뿪ˡ
Ҷ磬ոձݵôڹƴ뿪΢̣ĴƳһҶ
ڻûģһƳҶһ㼦Ƥ
ֻǵһһеǿ˵
ҶϻŴӶ½ջɻԣ׼ԣ˳Ǽ޻˻ʾ׵öࡣ
ɿճ棬ƽ
ƴ飬ԻҵʱҶٻɿճ棬Ѹɿռƣ뵽屾ԴС
Ȼ屾ԴĽޱȵǿ󣬵ɿճ˵ȴѿԡ
ʱɿճݾҧһȱڣҶ磬˳Ľ뵽档
ţ˭ʲô
Ҷ磬սǿ֮ؿռʱµһҶ˶
ҡ⡣ģ
⣡
ǻǾʶӲĵѿһѺۣ鲼ۣѩ׳ɢ˫磬˫ǳâΧ׹ҫˡ
⣬ѵ֪طǽǲ뵽ģҶ棬װ
ҵȻ֪أ³Ҳò̾Ϣһ򵥵Ľ˳
ˣÿšһ𣺡ǿ֪˭
Ƿּпһǿ˻ʡ˵
ܣ˽˻ʣݵ£ҡҡͷ
ػ£˽̫ˣҡҡͷѾ˺
˻ն̫峤ķ
սüͷĸˡ
̫һһ˻̫ʵ˲СӰ졣
ˣҶ֪ˣǿ뿪ˣǷģػ˻Ҳûã񲢲ԸҶô׼뿪
ҾûһػΪã˵Ƿ˻ʴ˻ʽֻ̫峤⻯ܶԿ
̫峤⻯ĸгԾʵ
Ȼ̫ʵͨ죬ÿһ⻯ҪķѴѪʱ䣬ٽ⻯ˡ
ţ峤⻯ǰػյ˵ͷ
ǿɷҿ峤⻯
뵽ͻһݣûرԭ̫Ὣ⻯ǣǶ˵ݲһ˿ɡ
Ȼԣ
Ҷ˵ͷֳһöǬָ
峤⻯ǬָУһ֪ûƭ㣡Ҷ罫Ǭָݸ
ӹǬָʱöǬָͻȻըˡ
һ̣ץסעöըǬָϣҶ˲ȼ˺֮Ѫ޵н壬ٻĸն
ԤеΣܵҪ㣬Ҷһںʮʱٹٶȿ쵽
ͣ
屻ĸУƥĽâ˲ƵݺݵնϣһؽۣѪܿƵ
㣬ǵʲôˣ
屬ˣŭҶˣŭ˵
˻ʵ£ģ
˵ţҶ罫飬بţаǬٻ˳׼Ѹײڶ֮ѹ
飬بţǣǾȻţ
Ϊʶˣǳ֣ˡ
δ𣬴δô
ԵػӦʩչħ࣬񷢶͵Ĺ
ȫʱبţаͬʱ֣ѹ
амʵԶԶټոձĸˣֵסа͵Ĺ
Դ֮壡
Ʊ˲ѹƣƲϼص񲻶ϵں֮Դʵȫ⡣
編࣬ľѹԴأ
о֮Դڽ壬Ҷٻ¼񾳵Ļ編࣬Ρߴɫľ֮ԴУǿжԱԴؽѹ
аبǰӽ
編ȫѹԴʱҶаɲǧʮϹռ䣬ٻ񽣣ǽаبš

аبе񽣣ˣʩչܡ
а˳ſԼ񽣹£ûһ˿ܵĻᡣ
գ֮䣬ն塣
첻ܾ
屻նȼղѪ
񽣵󣬲ϵŲѪԽԽأ޷
ɻԣƣ
а˺ʱҶóɻԣǿжпơ


2007 Դ
ʲô
⵽ɻɣŬ񷢳˾ŭƴԡ
аѹ£񷴿ԽԽӿ֮ԴǱѹ޷ɻԹв˺
أɻʴĴʶʧҡ
ɻԻǿԿģ
оصֵסɻԵʴҶһһսǬС
λǰһҪ֮Դ벽񾳣
ľԽԽӣҶԵĸоʵϵĲ㣬ͻƵ벽񾳣ȼպѪں֮ĺͻ編࣬ȫԶԿм
Ҷ磬֮Դ𣿡գ۾һʵ
屾Դĺôȫл벽񾳡
αֲͺһɣ
˵ţҶó̺Ļ͸˼գ۷澳ķ棬ޣȸƵȫٻ˳֮Դ߾硣
ɱ¾Դڣ
Ҷ罫ȫѨϴ򿪣֮Դʱֽǰʣµɱ¾Դȡ˳ȫڽ壬ȫ벽񾳡
Ҷѹ֮Դʱ뵽֮С
޴֣ƴѾľˡ
ڷ¸֪ʱڻҲСĺ䶯
屾Դض˵ʮֵҪʧһ屾Դر٣ֱӰֲޱȵӰĵ̡
ƴȷ˻йأͨѶ̣ʵ
ⶼ棬һĲ²⣬ĵطµĺۼƴ
һأΪʲôѶңϳ˼һ£оɡ
һ˵л峤⻯Ҫ屾Դأƴ˵
㱻ƭˣͻȻûв´ɱס
⣬ⲻܰɣƴ۾һɣֱɵۡ
峤⻯εȵôʹ͸һô˵ӦǹŪ㣬Ӷӽ屾ԴأϷ
ǣǴϣڸôƴЩˣ
ٷڣ֪ͨСģڣǶʱӦûлƻ屾ԴأֻҪʱ䣬һܸϵ
ãҲֻˣƴеص˵ͷó˴Ѷ飬Ѷ
ʱѾѹƴϵϡ
ףǣ
ϵƴе̬ԣһϵϣһ
ҼеȥԴأ۸ĴۣҲҪסԴأ
ǣ
ƴ֪ԼҪԺεȴУʱ˿֪Լûѡһػµ屾Դس⣬һɱ
ǺˣΪұڵң
ƴϱڣħ屾Դʱػڽ⣬αװݵ顣
ߣ
ϯض˽յ˫һɫƳ壬ſѪڹƴˡ
⣬ѵʥصͨƼ
⵽һɫٻʮ壬ħܱϳмпʥصľƼݲ˻ɡ
䣡
䣬淢˾ҵĲգ֮䣬ʮ졢ħĴ䣬
˼пʥصܣǶ֣죡ڴϳ˵ǧƴߣص˵
ٳ֣ȻƴһҧϵĴ
ܿ죬󷨽ƸڰУ屾ԴΧĿռˡ
񣬰벽аսħǰٳ֮Դأ
ݱ¶Ҷ벽񾳽ˣԼħٻ˳ԭʼ̥編һ屾Դء
˺£屾Դ̺ٵ½Դһɹľݿٵؿή
ɿճ棬ɿռ涴
ݱ¶Ҷ²һʱ˿̣ͻɿճɿռ涴
ʱһȥ
Ҷ˷屾ԴأԴ̺ıԴʮ֮һ
ʱҶĲлɿֲϢٱɽµˡ
λҳ֣֮Դأ
֣Ҷˣٻ飬ȫ屾Դء
屾Դ⵽ҶɣͿأ˹˻˱ļ
ۿ屾ԴرըҶó˴̺ľʯӵ屾ԴС
ʱ֣˺屾ԴĽƣҶʱҶ屾ԴеĻʯ뵽Ǭڣɽɿճ䴩Ŀռ涴С
䣡
һ춯صıը
Żʯը屾Դأֲ˷Բʮռ䣬ĩһ㡣


2008 ˾ͽ
ħǣħΧһһĴǣħħ뺷ʱ̶ܷѪ¼
ɹ屾ԴأҶ缸ת˽ʱ䣬ħħ⡣
磬˵屾Դرըܲը񣡡
ۿͻư벽ȴϣպ޵ֱʵ
ѣҶҡҡͷɲôɱģ뱱Ӧˡ
ˣҪźˣħһԴأħǸֻҪҵһͻƵ벽񾳣
ģյ۾
߰ɣǽǣ취̽ħ屾Դصλá
Ϊǰ֮Ҷ׼ҵħ屾Դغ󣬷һϢȫħ屾ԴӶ̤벽񾳡
սħ˽𣿡
Ҷħ˽ޣһ˵ĵطսħٻ˳
ħǣħڵĴǣҵΣսħ˵
֪ħ屾Դħʲôط𣿡Ҷʵ
֪Ҳ֪⸽ħ屾Դأսħҡҡͷ˵⸽ħ屾Դأһħ֮УҲֻܸõء
һħ屾ԴӦħУҪҵף
ħ̫ˣԴضħʮҪħһ뾡һа취ڸǣ޷ȷԴ׼ȷλãѰҵĻѶȾ̫ˡ
߰ɣǽǹ䣬ЩħʷĹż˵벻ջ񣡡
˵ţҶȥħĹ꣬ż
йż࣬Ҷ˿һ綼ûջ񣬾Ҷĸź׼뿪ʱڵϰе֪ħ˾ͽϼᰮռżйżղسʮ
˾ͽϼǰʱ˹ֲڵϦ˾ͽϼлῴռĹż
ߣȥ˾ͽ帮
˾ͽλãҶϢǰ˾ͽ壬˾ͽϼβ
վס˾ͽ帮˲ÿ
Ҷ˾ͽ帮ʱɫսҵҵػŵǳ
˾ͽϼ˵ģҶ米˫֣˵
ҽʦڼ´Ҷˣʵ
ǣҶ˵ͷ
ҽʦǼҽʦڼ񻺺ࡣ
ǾҽʦҶ˵
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ڼĿʱˡ
ҽʦߵȼҽʦƽʱѵһλǳߣ˾ͽǲ뵽ġ
ˣҪʱ䣬ǽȥҶЩ͵˵
ǡ
ʲôǣϼβʣҶ¶˰Եһ档
ǣλ룡
ڼٴһ£Ҷˣ˾ͽ帮
Ũʥζ
߽˾ͽ帮ҶŵƮŨŨʥϢһڼ£ҶУҽʦۣǰŻµߣһɫֲ̽顣
λԳƾҽʦϼˣڼǰ
ʲôҽʦ
ڼ棬˵ĿˢˢͶҶ磬ף׷¶֮ɫ
֪оҽʦ𣿡ɫҽʦһưɫףǰǻµߣ´Ҷ缸۵
УûҶ̬˵
˵Ǿҽʦôû£ҽʦɫһǳ
˵ûһƭӣ
˾ͽ㻹ʲôٽ£
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ߣҲֻЩ֮ܣŻᾭҽʦ´ϣҶһ˵
ôĹҳǣϵ˷ŭ˵
ôǾ˵ĲԣҶʾ˵ǣ˾ͽ彫ϼҽΣмɰսӹŹ
⡭
Ҷʣϵ˶ʱĬˡ
һȺҶѵȻûаս˾ͽϼӹŹǻʲôѵƭƭȣ
㡭ҪѪˣŭҶмɰҽκ˾ͽϼ
ʮɣҶŵ˵
ƨ˶ûп͸˵ʮɣҿҵģϸҶĻǳ
ǴΣҽκ˾ͽϼҿʮͷΣҽβãǴãҶ˵
ãǺˣͬ
Լ׵ԼȫȻûнԼļˣ˾ͽɫˮˣͿƲסеŭ𣬻ɱˡ
аҽҸף˾ͽĿͶ̬Ҷ磬ͳʵ
ȥ»ûҽβõˣҶ˵
ãҽκҸףҶ񱨣⣬ǾͱҲˣ
˾ͽϼڵϦҽʦ޲ߣټҶ֮£˾ͽֻҽҶԡ
߰ɣȥҽˣҶ絭˵ˣҿҪˡ
˵꣬ҶӺ˷ŭĿ⣬˾ͽϼ˵Ժӣһ֮ϣݣ֮΢ʱܶ˾ͽϼ


2009 ϼ
˾ͽͽˣұ֤һĸף
ҶԶԶؿһһϢ˾ͽϼ˵
ôţ
˾ͽԽĸоҶƭӡ
һҽʦټ֮ŸҿºڣҶ۾͸˵
˾ͽţ棬һ֪ˣҶ˵ͷ
ðɣһоͰˣ
ԥһ£˾ͽѡҶ磬ȴ
սħػûκ˲ôңҶ罻һ˸ƣ˻Բѣһֻ̤Źص˾ͽϼԣԼٵݣΪ塣
š
ҶϸϸΪ˾ͽϼһ壬岢޴󰭣¶֮ɫ
ѵꣿ
˼һ£Ҷ͸˾ͽϼĻ꺣С
Ȼ̽Ѷȼ󣬵Ը֪£Ҷ绹Լ⡣
ǡƣ
һδεĸ֪Ҷ緢˾ͽϼ꺣вһֻĻơ
ԭ֣
ףҶŰ취ƴ˾ͽϼ꺣Ū
ɻԣ
˼һᣬҶȡһԣͨϼ߿ף꺣УʳĻơ
оɻԵΣգ˴Ļ궯Ҫܡ
ɻĿǣȫ·޴ɶ㣬ձɻɡ
գ
ҶһɻԴ˾ͽ峤꺣ߣõֻޱ󣬿ֱӹơ
֮飬ָ
Ҷٻ֮飬Ƕ˾ͽϼͷϣָ֮塣
ָķ̫ˣǽҰɣػһԵԱµ
ã
Ҷ֪ŲپֶΣ˵ͷջ֮飬վһߣؿҽΡ
һ̣ҶıЩȻ
ս˾ͽϼĿˡ
գòͷҲȤɣǣǿԻرһ£Ҷ۽Ǽһ£Щ˵
ŶͷȤ׼ǱհҶһۣóһϸ룬˾ͽϼ֮ϡ
˾ͽϼƣҶ¶֮ͬɫ
ţóһƿ˴ۺɫҺһϸϣ˳룬˾ͽϼС
ҩ
Ҷ۹εȵĶһۿۺɫҺǴҩ뵽߾档
Ҳַ߾˥˵
һĹ˾ͽϼڻѡ
㣬ʲôˣڸʲô
ȼܻ˾ͽϼ۾˲䣬һͷſԼɴԼƣʱеͷƤ飬ŭ
զʲôզʲô˰̧ͷһ˾ͽϼٸҽΡ
˵ţֻ˾ͽϼһƤ񣬼ץ
סס֣ס֣
˾ͽϼܹȴ裬һͷԶںϴҩȫȵץ񣬼
𼱣һͺˣ
ͷųǿѹץ˾ͽϼԼķ
˰ˣ
Ѳյѹ˾ͽϼˣֻȫڵĴҩ
յĶԽԽ֣˳۽˳
ˣˣ
ͻȻת˾ͽϼӣݺݵسһƨɣһͮͮİӡһ롣
㡭
ʧȥѹ˾ͽϼ޲ýٰ
ιιʲôô˵𣿡Щ˵ֲСӣҲǴʲôɺߵģΪԸһƤ

˾ͽϼѪҶҡҡͷص˸ƣţػ˾ͽ˽
ҲϼѾˣҶ絭˵
ģ
˾ͽɫһϲæ˽ɫ࣬µϼߡ
ףûˣ
оϼ΢֮ԽԽɱҲָѪɫ˾ͽһ˵
һûˣ
Ȼҽεֶܵ޾裬侲˾ͽϼҲ޷ٷ뱣ظոյܣȻȥûȥˡ
̫ˣллλִ֮˾ͽһĸмڻҶˡ
˾ͽо仰Ҫһ㣬Сĳңó׹ƵĳңҶ絭˵
ҽʦ˼ǡ
ոϼ꺣з˻ƣҶ֪;ӵлƵ˺ٺ٣˾ͽҪףԴⷽ֡
ơ
˾ͽ˶ʱ
лҽʦ棡˾ͽм˵֪λҽʦҪʲôֻҪ˾ͽóһ͸λ
Ͳˣֻ뿴ϼռĹżҶҡҡͷ
ż˾ͽ¶֮ɫ
һЩϣϼղʮżҶͷ
ãϷռĹżڲλʱȥ飡˾ͽϼʹ˵
л
Ҷл֮ûоôպսħת뿪ˡ


2010 յ
ϣôͷˣ
ǻԼҽʦ
ŲһʱͻصõҶˣϵ˸ôҽκ˾ͽϼ䳰ȷ
˼ʧˣ˾ͽϼѾûдˣǾ͵Ÿҿʮͷɣ
Ҷ羲һ̫ʦϣԹԵĵһ裬һ˵
˵Ҳͷ¸صĺϴЦһҽκ˾ͽϼңҡ
ϻû˵꣬ϤӰ˽ĻһӿɤۣǺ죬Ŀɿڴ
ʲôҡҽκ˾ͽϼҶеĲ豭¶ŵЦݵ
ϼҽκˣһֶβҽʦɴ˫ۣŵ˵
Ҫ֪뾡һа취ûҽκ˾ͽϼҶȴֻ˲һʱҽκ
ѵǾҽʦҽԺиֳһ˼ͷ
ţλҽʦֶξ죬ҽκϷ򣡡˾ͽϼ˵ͷ
뵽ҽι̣۽ǻǲɵÿ׵ļ֮ɢץ񣬺޲ýǧС
ڣǼǲӦгŵظҿͷˣҶ翴Ŀɿڴҽʦ
⡭
ǹؿͷɱǻܣĿҪҲܣټҶЩаţǲ֪롣
ôҪˣҶЦһǿ֪ˣĺ
ԭǵĴ۲ʶ̩ɽð˸£¿ɷ̧ǣǱ֤պи³ֵĵط˱ᣡһ׷ͯյҽʦˡ
ӦأҶ
Ȼҽ߳ҲǷˣϣ㲻ҪƼǣ򡭡
вĻδ˵꣬սħͻȻߣڶӦһŲĽϣǧڽֱӷĽףȷڵء
ţսħٴ̤һţ˺˫ȴµֱӽ˫Ȳˣ޴ʹú˹ȥ
Ըķ䣬˭뷴ڣͱǲҶ翴һ۱˫ȣʹధĺϣ¶˰Եһ棬ؾ
úã¹򣡡
źϵĲ״ԼսħײеֶΣоҽһʵǿҽʦ־ˣԹԹڵϣʮͷŻ鴤ĺϣǱӡ
߰ɣȥ󣡡
ѵ˹ۿ˵͵ˣҶ˾ͽУգսħһ𷭿ʮżѰħ崫еؿֵܳλá
ȻҶǿ󣬵еĹż̫ˣ˻һʱ䣬ûпꡣ
ף˵ʲôֻΪ飿
ڲпٷҹżˣ˾ͽҡҡͷʵ
ҿ͸ϣǶ˾ͽûͼȻҪǣҪСĴۣ
뵽յΪ˾ͽϼЩץ񣬵Ҷ̫أֻҧʡ
ʱ䷭ңҶ˷ʮżͨãȷħ崫еؿֵܳյء
Ҳֻܸõڸħ崫еأ˷֡
߰ɣȥյյûħ崫еأ취
ȷĿ꣬Ҷ뿪˲󣬾׼뿪˾ͽ壬ֱǰħѰյء
λǲٶס죬Ǿ֮꣡
˾ͽҶ˵߾ߣ
ˣǻ£Ͳڹ󸮶ˣҶҡҡͷգսħ뿪ˡ
֪ͨϣ뿪ˣ
뵽նԼΪ˾ͽϼ۾͸ŨŨɱ⣬
ǣ
˾ͽ˵ͷóѶ飬Ҷ˵ٸ˺ϣȫȻûҶĶ顣
뿪˾ͽ帮Ҷ˺ߣ׼ħ
ͻȻҶǿ֪ħʮʵħ֣ں̲Ҷ绹˺ϵϢ
Ǻôĵӣң
Ҷͫһ˫бһĨɱ⡣
Ȼǲ֪Ǿµɣ
Ҷ˲䱬γ˿ֲѣħеħֻ꺣Уµѣ˲˺ǵ꣬ɱ
һ֣Ҫ飬Ҫ澡ʧĺ¶֮ɫ
䣬վԵͻȻ߿Ѫĵڵϣ
⡭
ǰһĻŴˣһƬհס
ţоһɳ꺣У˺꣬ɱ
ɱ˺ϵˣҶָһޱȵĽâƳգٶȼķ˾ͽ帮
ͣ
˾ͽ帮ĽƹˣкȲ˾ͽͫһƥĹ⽣Ϯ
ڶӦ⽣ͶǶ˵Դǻɱˡ
߰ɣȥħ
ĲӬҶûκԥպսħ뵽ħУǰħеһյأϿ


2011 ׹Ǻ
ϿħһĺϿϿϢƵĿֲޣһ漶ܽϿУҲѻ
չżأǰϿӦþϿˣ
Ҷħмٴʱһ޴ĺϿ֮ϣֺϿϢŴޡ
Ƿͷ£Ͽ
ȻϿʮֵΣգһҶ˵ȴΣտԡ
Ҷٻˣͷ뵽ϿУٵѰϿѰħ屾Դء
໣
Ҷ˵Ĵ룬Ͽеޣ޳֣ſѪڣҧǡ
Ǭ󣡡
ҶһٻǬ󣬻ΧոĺޣԼݣѰħ屾Դء
Ҷһˣ˽ʱ䣬첻֪ٺϿһ飬ûзħ屾Դء
ߣȥ׹Ǻ
ȷħ屾ԴزϿУҶûͣ˴͵Ǭһǰ˰׹Ǻ
׹ǺħиΪֲиŴİ׹ǣЩ׹壬壬ħ壬塭
û֪׹ǺγɵģΪ׹Ǻ͸Ź죬ǽߺѻټϰ׹ǺûлԵö֮׹Ǻṳ̂㡣
ţù
Ҷٶȼ׹Ǻʱݵڰ׹ǺиоһɹһӰ죬ʧҡ
׹Ǻпħ屾Դأ
Ҷһҵķɼֱû뵽˰׹ǺУӹʴ׹Ǻײȥ
öİ׹ǣ
ҶǱף˰׹Ǻײһ߾߸ʴصİ׹ǡ
Щ׹ǣеĳףеСɽһ㣬еľӨ͸ʯ
ҶƯڱĺˮУЩ׹ʱϹԵĹͻȻӾ磬ӿ꺣С
һ̣׹Ǻײһɹɺڷû˺İ׹ǶѣϯҶ硣
Ƶ
Թͺڷ˫عҶƯں֮˿͸İ׹ǶѼٵݣһδ£Ҷо˽Ƶ
ħ屾Դľ׹ǺУ
˽ƵҶ¶ϲɫһҪƿ׹Ƕѣ뵽׽С
ǣ
ͻȻѻ˲֪İ׹Ƕӿһİ׹ǿٵںϣһǧ׳ҫŰɫǹĹֿ죬Ҷ
ǹͨ
ǰͻȻɵĹҶüͷһšֱ˺ϯĺڷ磬˹
ƣ
Ҷһȭӭ˻緢ŹĹ
䣡
һȭ˹˹ͷ
ţڽݿͷֽǧ׳ˡ
ͨԽţ
һȭҶźİ׹Ƕ̤һţµĽӡ·ܺϳӣ̤ģֱӽԲİ׹Ƕ̤һ׵ĺڶ
ǺˣΪ˯֮أű泤ߣ
׹ǵؾҲʱһŭϵ
һĿ࣬ɸߣɫǼף˫ۿնŰɫǹڵںİ׹Ƕն˫ðĹҶ磬˻Ƶ
ߣһ»Ұ֪ҵˣ
Ȼǰİ׹Ӵﵽǹ澳磬Ҷ˵вԡ
һһӰ˺˹ĺڷ磬ٶȼĳǹǰһȭ
һȭռ顣
յȭâǹеŨŨΣϢǿİ׹ǣǰһ޴İɫǶܡ
ǹɵİ׹ǶȻ׺񣬵ȻֵסҶյȭâ
̼䣬ɫǶܱҶһȭƣµȭղð׹ӽڽڰˡ
۷澳ܡ
оҶһȭ֮ǹʱ
ԩ޳Ϊ˯ĵطңǹûиոյſ˵Ե֡
ȷʵûгԹܿϧ㲻ӦøħػԴأҶ˵
Ҷ绰䣬ǹʱ
׽仯ҶѾ϶ħ屾Դؾڰ׹ǺС
ɣ
Ŀ꣬Ҷûٵʱ䣬ЯƿֲǬնǹ档
Ҷʵͳǹ̫̫࣬ȫ£ǹĹƱ˲ѹƣǱǬնǧٿס
ɣ
˲شǹ棬ҶǬٵںϣһޱȾ޴Ǭ޽һնѿ˱ĺˮն˾ִеǹ档
ͣ
ƿֲǬ޽ƿǹһն룬ɶߵİ׹֮˲ˡ
һնɱǹ棬Ҷûеʱ䣬ֱ˱ͨԽ̤޵׶˰׹Ƕ£һǿĿռסˡ
ɿճ棬ˣ
Ҷһٻɿճ棬ɿճٵɽơ
ɿճ£ں׹ǶµÿռƱɿճҧһ󶴣Ҷһ뵽档


2012 
Ȼħ屾Դ
뵽УҶоǿıԴһʮɸߵĹľɢǿԡ
񣡡
ҶƯħ屾ԴϿʱоһǿ
ǺˣΪʲôô
һҶϻ죬֮ǿҶĤۡ
˵䴳𣿡Ҷ¶ŵЦݵ
ߣʲôĿģ㶼Ҫ
ħ屾ԴصħһĺɫƳħ屾ԴأһסأµѹҶһϢĸо
¼۷壡
оħͷŵƱ飬بǿʮ౶Ҷ²Ӧ¼۷ܡ

ĺɫħܿ£Ҷ磬Ҫôħ屾ԴصҶɱ
Ѫȼգ֮ģںϣ
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫ʵ벽£ٻȫ֯һ񲻿ɵĽâиһеһϮĺɫ顣
㾹
оĵȼħ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾ漶Ҷ磬Ȼƿ
Ҫ֪ԶԶ񣬺ܶмû
˵ôҴԭ̣Ȳ㣬עҪɥڴˣ
ɫħ屾ԴѿһѺۣȫںڹУ¶һ˫Ѫɫ˫ħˣɱȻ
𣿡
ҶЦһа飬ب񾳴ܴǬٻ˳׼ȫѹħ񣬲
񣡡
ͻȻֵħ¶֮ɫаʱϸоŨŨΣϢ
ģ㻹ʶ𣿡
а壬ħߵĺܽʶ졢ħ񣬿ںڹеħĮ˵
ǡа񣡡
аϤϡЩףͻȻ뵽ݣ˾㲻Ǳѹˣѵˡ
ˣа˵ͷװſռ
а񣬼ȻˣΪΰ˶Ըħ壬Ҫ֪壬ħ壬аΪͬһսӪڱ塣뵽аӵв֮ͻƵм񣬾֮ɫŨˡ
ѹУҲûǰȥңа˵
ˣҪϻˣսپȽ˵
˵ţҶں˻編࣬Ӳʵ¼£һ񷢶͵Ĺ
Ȼʵֲһֻ̤м񾳣Ҷ͵Ĺмܲסſħ֮а֮Ƶ
䣡
һ졣
а۵аֺ֮ݺݵӡؿϣǿа֮ݿ壬˳ȥ
죬ն
аɣҶ˲伤޵н壬ںһ𣬳žնһ
һնռ䱻˺ѳ룬µĽ·նѿһλ棬޵е̬նֳαǹȫľ
䣡
һ
Ҷһһ˫ˣֲķ֮͸αǹ˾Уϵ壬ơ
ħ֮Դ壡
Ƽأںħ֮ԴٵƣʵȫҶˡ
м񣡡
оں˴ħ֮Դ̤뵽м񾳣Ҷٻԭʼ̥û뵽ħ֮ԴУǿзӡԴ
ħ屾Դ̺ԶԶһأԭʼ̥ӡס
֮£Ҷ罫սħ棬ٻ˳ĸħ屾ԴУǿѹħ屾Դء
һ
ͷĸħ屾Դصĸüͷɵһ£¶ѵ֮ɫ
˵˭Ϊӵô񣬰벽ػ
Ҷֶκ͵̣һδδ˾֪ԽĸоҶܲ򵥡
Ҷֶκ͵̣ӼᶨɱҶľġ
ԼܻɱҶ磬õıоԼ˵̤۷塣
֮𣡡
ʱ飬بųſǿ֮򣬿֮ɱ
䣡
ı
ںϴħ֮Դ̤м񾳵ľ֮ԶһѪ˳˳
һ񣡡
ˣҶ˲佫Ĵ漶ͼݵ£ں漶ֳ꣬˾Ҫһش
СɱҵģԹԸȥİɣ
ͻȻٻһֲıֱһϮҶ硣
һ̣ٻһöɫķ
ʱһΡߴ󣬲ƥеӰȫԮаǰסˡ


2013 ֶ
ħ⻯
ǰֵĸߴӰϳħ峤ħ⻯
ħ峤ǾͽˣȥɱСӣ
ȻǰֻǾħһ⻯ħ屾ԴУ⻯ԴԴںħ֮Դǲ֮
ãǽˣ
ħ⻯˿ֲڰУռ·ռܲס⻯ѹʱ顣
ߣǾħǵǻ㼸֣ƾһ⻯Ҳ赲ǣаһЯаħ⻯͵Ĺ
аȫ֣飬بҲûԥ׷׽Ĺ£ֳƷʩչɱУħ⻯
䣡
ΪӪҶ磬а˷ĹʮֵͣµĹ˲ѹס˾ħ⻯ش塣
Ŵħ֮Դںϵħ⻯Уۿɼٶȿٵϣа˵Ĺ
ħ⻯һȫаʱ뵽˿ռ䱦УҪô˻ɱҶ磬ı
СӣԹȥɣ
񱩺һֲ籡壬˹Σ뵽еαսǹУҶ硣
˭һ
Ȼս֮ϣҶϣȴһ˿־壬ֳȫӭھмҵɱ
֮ɱ
ȫҶʱϵؿƾ֮˾֮ìҶ壬ǣľ
֮𣡡
⵽ľ֮ìҶſ˽֮򣬻񽣻Χȫֵ֮Ĺ
ɱ¾ѧɱ¾Ȧ
֮Ҷ轣֮ʩչħͨ˲۳ŵɱ¾Ȧ˾ű
սҶ֮ϣ˾űҶв͵ĹϵѹҶĹƣŽ֮򣬱Ҷڽڰˡ
ٳң
Ľаδ޷æҶֻܽǬеٻ
Ȼսǿյֶȴܿ£õõԸ첻С鷳
յȫֶζԸ죡
ֵסˮĹƣҶ
ã
˵ͷ۵СֿٵŤǿĿռȻ֮
䣡
޾Ŀף棬ʯľھΧϵغ塣
ȻĹ޷˺񣬵ȴɢľ޷ȫҶ硣
ڷŭľ鹥Ȼ֮ʱҶץסῪʼ
򽣹ڣ
޼
٣
Ҷ罫޵н£򽣣ݻ޼ݻ٣ͬʱʩչͨ
ͨʱҶ´һΡߴľɽݺݵ˾ϡ
սȻֲȴֵסͨԼͬʱ
ͨݿĹǰ˲ˣԴǱУ˶ݵѣΡ
֮
ץסӦٻĻᣬҶ֮еƣնԻǳһ
ֲĽâһʶƳľ裬ᴩһն˾ϣֱӽļ첲ն
編࣬ɣ
ն˾ļҶٻ編࣬ɫ룬˲佫Ķϱˡ
ʲô
ħûв֮Ѫûǰ̬ĻָŶϱ۱編ɣ񷢳˾
ʧȥұۣսҶв͡
Ѫ
ھǿұʱ˲۳һµĹӡڽʧȥұ۵ľС
ʱϱ۴罦Ѫ˿ԽԽ
⣬ʲô
ȫӡϱ˿ڣȴԼӡӡסѪϵʧ
죬ն
ץס񾪻֮ʣҶ˲ںһһն˾塣
ͣ
ϳһؽۣѪܿƵ罦
Ѫ
ʱ۳һӡڽ˾УѪ罦ٶȡ
ѪСò԰ףǱҶ缰ʱ͵ǬϢ
ģʱµˣ
ʧȥұۣʧѪ࣬ս½ȼץסѵõĻᣬҶ͵Ĺϵؼƣս
ԽԽأ񲻸پоôѸ뿪
ӣǲ̫ˣ
ҶЦһаɲǧɳ壬һϢ֮ӣ˲佫˵ľ档
ţ˾еܿռ䡣
編࣬ɣ
ס˵ľҶٻ編࣬ľ˾
Իľɫ룬صľֵסһɫƽ֧Уڵ
ľôϣ
ɱһľľȴɱ
ԻľɣĹ
κ̫أ⵽аɲǧ˫ѹ޷˺ɫ롣
ܿ죬忪ʼήԽԽ
ձľɣ˸ɣ


2014 ħ
̺Ļ
ľ˾۳̺ĻҶ¶Цݡ
õõŻսħ̤񾳡
֮Ѫ
ɱ˾񣬿ռ֮ľͳΪ֮ҶѸټ˴ı֮Ѫڽ˾Уǿж
֮Ѫĵȼ̫ߣں˺֮Ѫռ֮ĺܿҶ罨ϵΪڶƷȼĿռ䱦
գ
Ҷһս硣
ʱ飬аħ⻯ս˰ȻĽ׶ΣֲĹϵſռ䣬һľ
硭
Ҷ˾ĳ֣ȴһ߸ʬ˳һȫľͶ뵽սС
ɶ񣬱һǣ
࣬ÿһˣɼӰ죬Ҷɱľ񣬸л̤мħʵ
ߣСС⻯ҲҿڳԣаһԵ˫˵ϵغһյĹ⻯ҵĶԹ
򽣹ڣ
а⻯ҶԹʱҶ缤޵н壬˲޵񽣣⻯
Ҷļ룬˲Ťת˾ƣþħ⻯ܵУֲĹƱһѹˡ
ħ屾Դĸսħ˺ѹ£һӡħںϵĻᡣ
ħ£
ƱѹƣƲϼص⻯ȼ壬ǿʩչħͨҶ˷͵Ĺ
˲Ϣ֮䣬һƥħ⽵أȾռ䣬ûҶˣϵƻǵ
Ҷ٣ң
Σʱ̣а岻ϵر󣬵ҶǰԼ֮ħµĹȫʱ졣
ն
аммԷǿ
һն£ӿȣ˲ɱ벽ħ±նˣµĽâҵնȫݻħµ⻯
ͣ
⻯ѣµĽâһؽۡ
ţаֳ죬͵Ĺħ˺ѵǧٿףϵؼơ
⻯аֳشʱҶͬʱſǿײ⻯
䣡졣
Ҷ˳ſͬʱˣµ֮ݿ⻯䱬ˡ
ľɣ
ħ⻯飬Ҷٻľƻľϵرɫ룬⻯ϣ
ѹ
а˼Ĭڻľʱͬʱ֣ѹ⻯
ܿ죬аȫѹ£⻯ʧȥ˷֮ձľˡ
ľ̺Ļ
ټǰʣµĻҶӵʮ̺Ļʮ̺Ļ
õõսħȫ̤뵽񾳡
ʱƿصȫԽа֮ˡ
аɲǧʮϹ죬ռ䣡
ɱħ屾Դصľ񣬾ħ⻯Ҷռ䡣
а񣬵ǰبǰսħ񡭡Ҷûģó˰˿̺Ļ͸аȰˡ
ףȻոճңҲ˴ʧˣŻ㣬ϣ㾡ˣ̤м񾳣ҶֽأһֱǬ˵ٻ˳͸һŻ
磬ŻˣϣͻƵ澳磡
ţҶֽ̺Ļ͸˻ޡ
ˣɣǽıԴȫ뿪
˻Ҷһ̺Ļʼħ屾ԴУǿıԴ
ͬʱħȻ󲨡
˴ϣˣ
ħĳϣⷢ־飬һʱҵħħ޺һ
ʲôˣ
ħ޺۾һɣе̬ԡ
ħλߣһֱħ屾ԴأͻȻɥζħ屾Դسˡ
ʲôô󵨣ɱħռħ屾Դأ
ħ޺Ȼħϣֻ۷澳ܣ޷ħ񣬶ħ峤ħѴħǰ磬ѰҺ֮Ĺ˵ħΪʱ
峤Ҳֻ峤ˣ
˼֮ħ޺ǰħ峤Ҳħһħ֮أһ֡
ħ޺ôˣ
һֱػħصһħ˽յ˫ͳ˵
ħ񣬳ˣħ޺ؽħ屾ԴؿܳµϢħ
ˣ
֪һϢħɫޱȣ˫˸֮ɫ
峤ڱأκ˲ôţħ۾˸׹ɣħȥһħҵҪʲôô󵨣ɱħħ񡣡
Ǿħˣ
ħм񣬰ħҲмħ޺ţǳ֣һܻɱУΪ񱨳


2015 ֮ս
벽ͻƣ
˴ħ֮Դ˻㹻̵Ҷһٳ˾ƿͻƵ˰벽񾳣Ǵﵽһǧڽ
֪ڵʵܷмһսˣ
оսʮ֮޵нӵǿ󣬵Ҳܿһ¼Ҷ֪Լսﵽ˺εˮ׼
ҶͻƵ벽а˻˴ħ֮ԴʵҲ
а񣬽ħ֮Դеİˣսǿˡ
Ҷ˶ħ屾Դأǿħ֮Դ߾ʱħ񣬰ħħϿա
ǰģħ¼
һӳĴħħ屾Դصӡ
λҳ֣׹ǺҪõˣ
ɫۣĲ࣬ſֲħˣƽħ˰׹ǺϿգϹ죬׹Ǻ
ţٶȼ׹ǺײȥҪħ屾ԴأɱҶˡ
ţħúܿ
Ҷڰ׹ǺеĲлħϢ
ʱɣǲŽ֮һħ屾Դأ뿪
аǰبǰҳȥӭУ
δҶûдħ屾Դˣа˽⣬ȴħˡ
ΪݣҶȫûòħһʱ޷ǵ
ǺˣΪɱħռħ屾Դأ
ٶȼħˣƱĺˮ׹ǺײʱҶˣǸоа˵ʵʱ¶֮ɫ
Ҫ֪࣬һӳлмֻȵ̡
ߣѵֻħ֣Ƿ𣿡Ҷһ˻ɤӵ
ǵʲôˣħ˵
һͣǲǻˣǻὫʵݸ㣿
մȾŴѪħ񣬰ħƲסеɱ⣬һ
˵𣿵һסǣҪǻӲ𣿡ħɭȻ˵һֲħӰֳ塣
ħ񽻸Ը
ȻϢпԱħʵ˰ħˣҶħս
ãԼСĵ㣡
а˵˵ͷûħ
ϣݣ
Ҷ綣һ˲ȼ˺֮Ѫں˻編֮ģʵм񾳡
ʲôʲôͨ
оҶս˲Ӱ벽뵽мħĴħ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
Ȼ챦ȴûһ˵죬˲󾳽硣
Ҫ֪ÿԽһ󾳽綼ޱȵѣԽ󾳽֮Ǵδ
дܣ
ħ۾͸˻ȣƸֳħӰ˼ƽҶ硣
ߣӰҲңδ̫ˣҶһڽ˲ƥеһȭħӰ
һȭҶ罫ѹ˼£ħӰʱ˲䱬ֱӽħӰ顣
ţҶֺһȭԵħ񷢶
ħĲ࣬ȴһֱ·ߣѽ˼£һӡҶ硣
ȭ˲䱬ռ䡣
ӲһҶħͬʱһ£ƽɫ
һ̣˱֮һμսһ
Ҷħ幥սа뻯һŰİħɱ
ħǰڰУһƮ仯Ī⣬˷ʤ
аһŻ˴ħ屾Դ尵սʮ౶ټϲ֮ħĹ޷˺
аħӺײս˺вִӺвս˺ϲƻһͿ
飬بħ¼Ĺͬγ˿ֲƻϵشݻŰ׹Ǻ
ħ屾Դգ飬بŶ˵ս٣Ϊݣ˲Ҷ޷ʩչֻͨܽ輫Ʒȫ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
У˴񽫰׹Ǻȫݻ٣иǵĺ׹ǸǻΪ˷ĩ
У˴˭δκ˭˭ûѹԵѹԷԷش
ħ屾Դսħ벽а£̺ıԴԴԴϵʧ֧ǿήˡ
òħ屾Դر仯ħĽ
ļҲûã޷Ҷˣ޷ıǰľƣֻħ屾Դؿή


2016 ħ
ħĹôˣڵĹƿ޷ң
ҶԵħҹ͵Ĺħ񽥽һ˿ߡ
ȼպ֮Ѫӵ޽ҶȴԽսԽ£رؾ棬̼ħ
ģСϵʲôܣ
ħԽԽľ޷ţҶǿмȻ˵ı뺷֪ƣʹɱҹȴеƣ
֣Ҷ磬ݣûʩչĵֻ̣һζķʱ䡣
ħܲȭ
оħ屾Դ̺ϵʧħ񲻸ȥϧ۵ȼǿѪ֮ʩչԺ䴩ĿֲȭâɱҶ硣
ǧȭ
һǵİܲȭϮҶû㣬˲ǧֲȭӭȥ
䣡
ͨһײأռ䣬û޾ĺˮ
Ҷħɱ˭δκ˭ӵв֮ʵﵽмµаȴѹԵƣѹ˰ħĹһδ˺ư¶
ħļ¼û覴ãʱȴɫ԰ףѪ覵ϳһѪȾϵİɴȹ
ݣʩչѧ飬بŴȴãħѹƣ輫Ʒȫķ
ܿ죬ʱֹȥһ졣
ħ屾Դؿή˶֮һ˴Դ˻սħ񣬰벽а˵ʵȫﵽ˰벽£һͻƵ¼񾳡
ǰ򱬣صҲϻָˣȲʵ
ħ֮ħ
ħ屾Դزϵؿήħϵħ֮Ҷ硣
֮򣬹
ħ񷢶ǿħ֮򹥻ص̵Ҷܵ˼ΣգƾҲֵס֮£ֻܳſ֮ȫķ
֮ǽĽ񣡡
ɽ֮˼ϡ٣ҶſĽ֮ħɵûݡ
򽣹ڣ
¶֮Ҷħǿҵɱ⣬˲伤޵н壬۳񽣣罣һ㹥ħ
ħ
Я֮Ϯħħ֮򻯳ħӰӭڰ׹Ǻɸƻ
ۣ
ҶħɱʱаǿĲ֮ͻȻƲİħһȭؿϣһȭ˳ȥѪ
ɱħ屾Դص˵
ħħ⣬뿪ǰ׼ħ屾Դشɱ䣬ɱħ֮Դˡ
䣡
ħӲҶһͻȻ۷壬Լٶȷ˲Ѻ۵ıԴؽƣҪ˺ƽƽ뵽ԴС
ħ˾٣Ҷûȫǽظʱ׼һ
꣡
Ѻ۵ıԴؽƱħǿ˺ˡ
ħ񴳽Դص˲䣬ͻȻ⵽սħ벽аԭʼ̥޵˵Ĺ
һֻ̤м񾳵Ĺǿֲ֮򻯳һޱȴִĺɫףݺݵغҪħϣϵطķ
֮ն
ħ⵽˵Ĺ飬΢΢ʧʱҶ֮еƣն޵еһ
ã
оǿĿֲħɫ䣬ϴһȫ
κΣǿһµȽ涼ܱһ
ۣ
һն䣬ħķƲϵ飬ֲĽâֱն壬һ㽫顣
Ѫݣ
ħϾмĵƣһʱʩչѪݣƱնԼٶԶȥ
ʵǿħܣصİħȫѹ˵ħҲҾô׷ԼĶ֣ʩչֶΣֻ׹Ǻȥ
Ҫ׷ˣħ屾Դ뿪
Ҷ֪ɱѶȣǵĿħ屾ԴأҶû׷ɱܵħˣصħ屾ԴУͷǿħ屾Դ
Ҷ˷£ħ屾ԴزϵؿήҶ˵ʵȴԵ
ˣ
ͻȻһֲ֮˳
˻˴ħ屾Դ̤˼ѵһ˾ƿͻƵ¼񾳡
ͻƺĵ죬벽аսħȺͻƵ¼񾳡
գĿԽ˰벽˲
츳ĻޣŻ˴ħ֮Դﵽ۷澳編ﵽ¼£ԭʼ̥Ҳӵа벽ս
ԴȻǿҵһԴأǵʵܴ
ħ屾Դأʵõ˴Ҷ¶Цݡ
Ҷ׼ͨɿճ䴩Ŀռ涴뿪ʱаͻȻոͻƵ¼аˡ
һ̣аڵĲѪʵı仯ʵٱǣͻھһ֮ң


2017 ۾ǻƭ˵
߰ɣȥҷ񣡡
˴ʱ䣬Ҷ׼ֱǰ磬Ѱҷͺ֮Ĺ
磬ҪҵɲףǱҵ֮пܽӶҵ˼һ£˵
֪ʲô񣿡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵ
ͩľܣ˵ҪͩľģͩľģʵɷʵķԾͩľģ޵ֿ˵
ͩľģҪȥңҶȻͩľľϡ٣ĵͩľҪ꣬޴Ѱҡ
ͩľģ
Ҷ緸ʱںˣһֻ̤ھаͻȻ˵
ġ
Ҷ˵ĿˢˢͶа
ţڻԵɺ£õһͩľģҽӡа屦Уа˵ͷ
а屦⣡Ҷüͷ΢΢һôȥˣа屦⻹𣿡
а屦һܰȫĵط֮⣬׼ȷ󣬽뱦ռ䣬ұӡʯķҲ޷򿪣а˵
ʯҶ۾һòὫа屦ռ䡣
а屦ռ䣡а˵ͷͩľ⣬а֮аҲڱУôȥˣаӦý
а屦⻹Ҷ֪ǿҪɱֻн²˳٣ھȥа屦⣡

ǣΧڵĴͳǳأʮֵķ
Ҷͨռ涴뿪ƻصİ׹Ǻת˽һʱ䣬⡣
ͨа屦Ŀռ䴫󣬾ǳ֮С
аһֽļ壬곣Ҽһֱ׷аĹаŽռ䴫ڳңóء
а˵ʮȥˣһ᲻ѱѣҶа񲢼ǿĽֵϣһһ˵
ԶûǳԶҲұѣԶ˾Ͳ˵ˣңκ˶޷ҵа屦׼ȷ꣬㳣ıҲû£
һϮɫۣϢ糣˵а˵
Ǿͺã
ͩľĻаҶ˵ΪҪʧ
ţȵȣ
ţݵͻȻһ̯λϲϢа˹ȥ
ʯͷô
Ҷɨһ̯λһȭͷСմƸոھĺɫʯͷʵ
һƷʥ
鲼ۣ˫޻ףź̴ɨҶһۣ䲻ȵ˵
ãˣ
ƴֵҶûּۻۣһöװһƷʥǬָݸߣմĺɫʯͷ
Ҷת뿪ʱһöɫɴȹ¶ѩ˫޳˫ȣòĵŮӺ׵ײҶ绳š
һ̣ռ켣еֱҶһץסˡ
͵Ҷ㻹ԶЩҶ۾͸һ⣬ŻʧɫŮӣĮ˵
Ҷ绰䣬˵ĿˢˢͶŮӡ
Ѫˣ˭˭͵㶫ˣȹŮ˲Ҫңɿҵ֣ץˡ
㣡ҶЦЦ˵һ㶼á
ȣ˷ң˭ң
Ҷ۾͸ɱ⣬ȹŮӺˣɤӴ
Ůһʱ˲˷׷˹Χۡ
ס֣
ŶȹŮӳ˵޳۵˫ȣ欵ˣһͦΣʮӣ˹ǳ
ôĹȻַ񣬻ɿλĲ㣡ŭҶ磬
ϣ㲻ҪңҪΪ񣬷ûܾȵ㣡Ҷ翴ԽԽ࣬΢΢ֱӽȹŮӣ׼뿪
վס˵뿪𣿡ӿҶߣһڼǰ硣
Ȱ㻹ǲ۾ΪãҲ㻳бĲһμˣһëĴ³󺺣Ҷҡҡͷ
㡭ȹŮС˵ӻУ˵˵ӸСŮϳͶˡ
ģһ򼵶һ֮Էڶ
ŶȹŮӣϵЩƮƮȻظ֤
뾡Ҷ磬ŶȹŮӻظοһ
еʱ۾ǻƭˣҶҡҡͷһָ˶ȹŮӡ
һ̣ȹŮڵĻ֮ʧˣԽԽ¶
⡭
Żнο˵գ֮һëĶ̴ִ󺺣ŵӹֽһĺˣһƨ˵ϡ
ಣ
¶С͵־ˣηؿһҶ磬һˡ
ܵ˲䣬һ֮壬պж͵Ϊ֮ͻᱬֱҪ


2018 ұ
ڣҵĻ˰ɣ
Ҷɨһɫ콻ӣջѵӣаһͬ뿪ˡ
Ҷ٣ոǿʯͷкر𣿡
аȻʵֲȴûпҶ绨һƷʥǿʯͷʵ
һɫʯҶ絭˵ͻֻһ֮ңɫʯ͸ˡ
ɫʯ
аüͷһƣָ͸մʯͷУǿ˼Ӳޱȵʯǡ
ʱһɫ֮ӳ˳
ɫʯ
ͻиҪǰᣬǾǻаֻнڵﵽڵȼͻƣɫʯ˵ΪҪ
лҶ٣
ал󣬽ޱɫʯսǬָС
ʮʮȥǵҪȴûз仯Ҷаһι䣬һ߸·ڶǣռһƽش޽繬һĳҸ
λǳҸ֪˭
ŻȲҶˣʵ
ҳԶ
а񱳸˫֣˵
̫棡۾һɣЩ˵̫ˡ
Զˣаüͷ΢΢һڳµ˭ҳҡ
⣡
аĿʱ
ģôĹ˱٣ҳңҿǻòͷˣ
а¶һ˿ͣҪǿҸʱһŭ𣬾ɷӴӳˡ
ӣˣ
ӣ
ҿԳȫ㣡
а񱾾첻µزµҸаһССķ֧֧ǳ⣬ажʱŭˡ
ϣûɣ˵˵һ飬ҡ
ӻδ˵꣬׵ıˣһѪ
ӣ
ӱڳˣо̬صĳܽ˳Ҹһ֪˳ҹܼҡ
ʲôˣ
֪ϢμɽʱŭˣټҸֳ˳߽ҸҶŰΧˡ
˭ǳҼ
а񱳸˫֣ɨһɷĳҸ֣ʵ
ǣ
ɽһ޿֣ɫȻҶˣ˳
ǳԶʲôˣʶö𣿡аóһöϽɫһֵĹĮ˵
ϽаеϽɫɽˣʲôôϽ
ķϻ̫ˣֻҪ漴ɣаĮ˵ȥء
⡭
аɽԥˡ
ôԶûи˵Ͻʹ𣿡аĿ˸ĳɽջ˵
ʹϢŭɽôѵֻܲҺúÿϽһαϾϽҳ˵ΪҪɽһɵ
ɽɣҶ϶ѵҪа񱦿ΪС

аϽӸ˳ɽеɱȴԽԽŨ
ҵıջ𣬶Ҫ֪˳ңǷ̰а񱦿⡣
λ룬ȥڼöϽɽҲΪӱˣҶ˵ĵõռ䴫б
а׼δñѵĳң
ҶڳУһߺŮ裬һߴʵ
ߣɱ⣡а˵ҵҪ˳ң˭ô󵨣̰ͼа񱦿⡣
ʱһһҶаոϵʱͻȻһƹһµͼϿո֣ãסҶˡ
ͻȻҶа񲢲ţζĺ衣
ôĹüϽŪҳң챾֮Էɽ
ڳɽߣվһͷȣͣͷʵﵽһ澳
ǳұ֮ˣǳҵһ֡
ϽǼ٣ǺҪʱˣǱ֮˰ɣҵҪǣ˭ͼıռ䴫еıаȸ˱е裬˵
֪еܣ
һɭȻͻȻ
һɫƳۣ絶Ƿ˫̤벽񾳵ߣʮϢ죬ʵĴܳ˳Ҹ
棬ˣ
ͻȻֵĺߵˣɽĴϲӭ
ǿа벽񾳽Ŀɽ棬ԼʮʵĿɽڴܳҶ˾֮ͨҲע޵
ֻҪҶˣǿбʳռ䴫ܣǳػʮܣֿɵá


2019 һɱ
벽⻹񻰣
оɽʵаеĲ豭Ҷ٣ӦÿˣţȥǣȻȥа屦⡣
ãҶ˵ͷҪɱ޹
꣡
а̤һֲ˲˽õĽƣµͼ
ţǿϢ
濴ɫۣ߳аʱϸоŨŨΣϢ¶֮ɫ
𣿡аĮؿſû뵽ССĿڣҴ⣬ҿǻòͷˡ
񣡡
а䣬ɫ䡣
ֻа벽ϴܲŸԳƱ񣬿ɫ°˭а񣬿ϵ֮ɫŨˡ
µʲôˣǹ֮൹ǿƽֱأԺ˲ͷ̽һаݡ
ߣƾҲҴ򱦲ص⣬ҿǻòͷˣаһŰԵ˵
棬ҪҪ̽ʵ
һĿ࣬ɫսӵһͷɫһͷʨӰĴ󺺴
ãһСģǰ벽񣬼ǵ黤˵ͷ
İ棬񣬷ûһɱңӶķţ̽һаʵʵ
ߣñ濴㵽кβʱ
һķ£ֳһɶ೤شڽƷǹа񷢶һ
䣬ȫѪ˲ȼգڽУĹնһΡĸɽ˿Ŀӡ
棬Ҳҽ֣
а񱳸˫֣һֳĿӡ
ʱѪɫ纣˫бһ㣬ֱӴ͸ƷԼӹһ۵ɷ˳ȥ
أ
ڰлһѪ
ޱȵļž
Ŀаһ۵ɱԷƵ棬ס˿ڣˣɫò԰ס
󣬸ܣ
ʱȫ϶аܣ˫Ȳɵò
ɽ˸¶˿־֮ɫҲû뵽Լһʱ̰ģȻƵܵͷϡ
ӽûпڣûгңаԵޱȵˡ
ȣȵǰȷʵҿ޹أǱɱΣǰ̧ǣ
֪ĿֲҪڣǾǶеֶΣֵ֮ס

а˵ŴʧɫĿӡһơ
һӡֱӷ˿ΧĿռ䣬ûһ˿ܵĻᣬֻƴȫֵ
ɡ
оֵĿֲһƷȼ̻Ź·ɡɡ뱾ѪɡķӲֵĹ
䣡
аݻ䣬ֱֲӽƷɡˣţƲ䣬˿ֱӽƴȫҳ࣬ʮס

Ŀаһɱ벽񾳽Ŀ棬ڳȫ뵽ؿ־С
ɽ˸˫ȹأϵؿͷģаһ
ǰǰ֪ˣǰүүԶķϣһɣұ֤պٷȴ󣡡
Բƥеа񣬳ɽ֪Ҫֻġ
ߣҪɱǣ㳣ԶҲȲǣаһΪٴӡһƣɱ˳ɽˡ

һӡ䣬̰ͼа񱦿ĳɽ˻һѪҵĵһݡ
ӣ
ĿþɱаûĿڴܷ׷ʩչֶܡ
ǵʵаԶδӳƮŨŨѪζĳҸǾͻһѪ
ʮңڴȫɱ
ΪҶ粻аɱ޹ûдɱ䣬˳Ҵ󲿷˵
߰ɣȥռ䴫󣡡
Ҷ翴һصĳңû¶һ˿֮ɫ
ΪһжǳңھȡǱ̰ɱ˫ۣҲΪаĳ֣õ󲻵ĺô
õһ䣬ѡ˵Թˡ
ƣ
ҽ⣬аһ½ţֱƵ˽ĽƣڳҵĿռ䴫󴦡
Ȼоռ䴫£ı˲ٴĽṹЩ䶯а̼޸ˡ
Ҷ٣߰ɣ
޸˿ռ䴫аô꣬˿ռ䴫
ಣ
һֱ
Ҷаʧصĳңͨռ䴫˲ռ䣬ӡʮа񱦿⡣


2020 ߴ
ˣаı⣬ӡŵҵõߴʹʥ
ͨռ䴫Ҷа˲ռа屦⡣
аʯҪˣ
ŷӡа屦ޱȾ޴ʯҶ۾ʱ
û⣡
а˵ͷʮʹشӦξѪֱڽʮɸߣȼƷҪ̰ٱʯС
ţаһڿھѪѪΪýһѪӡڽʯУǿд˱ʯӡʮа屦⡣
ģգ
ʯеĽ֮ʧҶٻƷռģƾͷųǿռڶһ㣬شڽصʯˡ
߰ɣ
ʯҶа񲢼߽а屦С
ˣ
һſǶʯϵ¹ʯһ״Щ죬ƽƵﵣƹǿаǶһž޴ʯıӡ뵽Ƕ
Ȼа
оа͸ǿаĴϲܵõаսʮȫԶԿڡ
а񣬼Ȼǰа㵱ıɣ
׽а۾͸֮ɫҶа͸аս
ллҶ٣
ам˵мģڰеİа
ˣ
оаĿаͻȻһƥâڰа£˺ſռ䡣
ѣѵʶ𣿡
аûäĿշаͨа飬ļ䡣
оаϤϢаԽԽµâҲʧ
аĵʧа˴ı֮Ѫڽ˰аУǿа
аαʱаһʱ䣬ֱаҵаȼıŽԶаı֮ѪаʮϤ
ܿ죬а˰аս
а񣬽⿪ƣ
ааҶһơ
ͩľģ
һųɫ·ģҶϳԼҪͩľġ
ޱ󣬼ҵͩľģҶ绹аرУһһ׶ߣɢɫ֮ľ޴ʯ
ôһɫʯҶ粻Ҫ˵δ
žɫʯ磬ᡣ
ǡ
Ҷ翴ʱһʯƤУһŻࡣ
ԭʼģҵһɱһʯ񣬴ģаһԽӻ
ԭʼģ
˵ԭʼ̥һʯĻԭʼľʯ̺֮
ԭʼĺںϣҵ뾡һа취δںϣֻа˵
編࣬ںϣ
ľһһٻ˻編࣬û編ںԭʼġ
ˣ
編ԭʼںʱԭʼɻ編࣬Ҫ
編һľľɣһľѾɣԭʼķͷŻ֮ǿ
編ǿԭʼʱҶ翴˵ļһʵʵľӡ
һ׾һյеõģɻûɱ徵񣬶׾ûľ񣬶ʱаܵ
ⱦﲻҲ׾л̫죬̫Ƥӵ£ߺ֮ĹеĴԵҶѸټ˺֮Ѫڽ׾Уǿж׾Ѫս
һʯ˲䱬Իɱ¼شм񡣡
ħҵɱˣϰļƷаϸĽԼڱеı
а񣬳˰аɫʯҶҪҾˣҶɫʯӦÿ̤ھ˰ɡ
ţɫʯҿԽڣа˵ͷ
аıҶǬֽдƷƷʥսǬУȴ編ԭʼںϡ
ʱƣ編ǿĻ֮ԭʼģԭʼĵķԽԽ
ˣ
編ཫԭʼڽʱһǿԭʼ֮ڽ˻編Уû編಻ϵطɱ䣬ʵǼ
ʱ䣬編ԭʼӿ̤뵽м񾳡
編ô̤м񾳣Ҷδģ編ʵҶĵ̸ǿȫսмˡ
ˣ뿪ȥ磡
ʱ죬Ҷûٵʱ䣬뿪а񱦿⣬صŨŨѪζĳңҵȥ


2021 
壬֮һΪһ壬һһ塣
зһ٣һʵȴǿģǷһĻʷ񣬸һ֣һֻ̤뵽ڡ
ʮΪصĺ֮Ĺ磬ʹ緢˴ңһһĻʣʺԳ˫˫ѱ䣬ǲ֪١
ڽˣ
Ȼڱ졢ħӡɿճ滹䴩˿ռ涴Ҷ֪Ľ뵽С
磬Ҷʵƻ֮漶ͼûϢϢĻޣȸǳطȥ취Ѱҷ䡣
Ҫҵأ
Ҷһ߷ɣһ߿յţȻԷͩľģҪҵȡȻѡ
ţһ޴ĳǳӡ뵽ǰֵľ޴ǳأҶ˼ӿٶȷ˹ȥȺУ뵽кǵǳС
Ȼϲ㷢ңӰ²Ȼֵϵû¶Ǻͻ֮ɫ
ߣҵطסȥ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҷ׼ҹֱ̽ӶԺѻ֪꣬мֵϢ
ţÿֲ
ҶѰ֮ʱͻȻһɿֲ˺ǣ֮ǿҶеľ
ӦмͷŵɣҶ·ûиӦɿֲޣȸںУһɽµĿջס˽ȥ
ΪǸм֣Ҷ粻ݾߣûж׼һмӦɣⷢҪ鷳
Ȼ²һҹʱ֣ɿֲֳˣϺǣӦһпɵ˿
ҹɿֲһΣҶڶж
ڶҹҶ罫޺Ϳȸ˿ջȵмͷŵʧһʧڿջУǬ˱ǿֵĳ⡣
ɿճ棬ƽ
Ҷ约´ݾߣûǿƽǽɿճٻ˳ٵؽҧһȱڣȻϢĽ뵽˰ĳУԺ
ոտԺҶԼдŮӺСĽԼһӳƵĵͺ
⣬ˣ̧һ¶ѩ˫磬һ԰Сţȫڰɫ˿Уɫ޵Ůӣȴš
°
Ҷһ֣ɿ˺ͽŮӣǿĨȥǵ䡣
Ҷոտˣдٹܿ죬һɴȹͷңɫ΢΢ЩƣŮƿ˽յķ˳
͸ŷ϶Ҷ翴һĿ࣬ȫźĺë˫ĴϣȴһŮ
ģ˲ɣ˸̧ɨҵ£ҽǶι
ȴһᣬһ澳ĺ˳ٳδ̧˽ʱðɣŭ
䣬ؿһģӰӳ֡
ţʮϹ측ڷУ䶼ˡ
㣬Ǻˣ
ͻȻҶ磬Ĵ³һͷٴеؿҶ硣
㲻ҪţֻҪԹϣұ֤˺㣡Ҷ翴ʱ׼ĺ¶ŵЦݣһ˹
ȥ
ҶߵɹΧԥĴ̣ʩչɲɱУҶ硣
Ҷ֮ʵ̫ҶӶһֱۣ˼Ʒͨʥȼ̣Ƶ˺Ĺɽơ
㣬㵽ʲôˣû뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀֲգ۾ԼʱӲͷƤҾ㣬ڸҳ£Ҳ뿪
м񣿣Ҷҡҡͷҷңֻù
Ȼмʮֲֿվۣ֮Ҷʵ͵̣նɱм
˵ţҶ粻ϻ壬ְϣǿжѻꡣ
ţڸ
ҶȻûں꺣л֪ڷϢȴ֪ڸ
õ洫УҶӦ棬һնɱ٣ͶĽΪ
ҽΪһĻʣ֪Ϣ϶ࡣ
뵽Ҷ罫һĿ˽档
ಣ
ǿĨȥ˺Ĳּ䣬Ҷ罫Բѵӵ˴ϣջ˽ƿռʮ΢΢һʧڰĳص˿ջޣȸϡ


2022 ϷŪ
ǣɽǳعģ󣬵ȷĽŦÿնдԴȻɱͨ籱ǳء
ΪĻǵϢҲǱΪͨģԷϢΪ
⣬ҶԼݣͷųǿǣӦǵʵ
ȻʱͷӦǵҲⱱУ
ݵԣ˸оĴڣом񾳽
ҪһˣûòҶղڱĵĸۡȥ
վסǺˣʲôظۡҶ˻߽ɫһǳ
зϢ棡ҶɫȻ˵
Ϣ
ŵһҵһϢ֪˸ܼۡңܿ죬Ҷձ˸ۡУϽɫۣӥӣ˫λϺȲĽ档
ڽ࣬ˣɢϢһɫ澳ܡ
ҶЩ˼ɵδ֡
֪Ϣ˫޾ĹâɨҶˣ˵
ǣ䷢˷䣡յ˵ͷ
ãҷʲôطϢȷ䣬ٲǵĺô
ҶѪֶθǲ沢δǵʵ°˵
ŲǣҪõôŻὫ㡣ҡҡͷη˵
ߣûʸͱּۻۣ
벽񾳣һһǿϢ˳Ҷˡ
ģǷֵľǷƭ㣬Ը⽫Լ㡣һ۵

ҡһͷҪкãһͷۣķζըˣĥ
ͷôˣͷͷȤߵķ
졭һԵĲ輸ڷϻ˺㣬ң﷢˷񡣡
ʲôףˣհ˽һ۵ڽɽ˷񡣡
ɽȻյýץ񣬵Ѱҷ֮أ治òסеŭǷֵķʲô
Ưô󣬲ԱһЩЩŵıȻǷҲǡ
Ȼء
һͷߵ˵ԽԽòס
Ȼͷˣȶ˫۵ˣҽϢˣǲǿԸǽˡ
ģǷֵǷ񡭡ôһֻɽһȥˣջ˵
ôɽհһ۵ǲ˲ɡ
ģǲǳıӵˣҲҺŪտŵ϶ռĸǷ
ȵȣһµëǿ֪ûƭˣ
ڽƲסеŭҪֽѵʱͻȻ
óñ濴üͷ΢΢һ壬еŭ
ǿǲǷᣡ
˵ţǬָóһҰë˵

ɶͷ㣡
ҲƲסеŭ𣬷ŭһ۳һֻצץգҪʬΡ
ߣ˭˭һ
ħ屾ԴҲ̤뵽벽񾳣½档
һһȭӭȥµĵݣһȭƵϮצ
潻ʱʮϹ죬ƷаɲǧƳҶ壬˲ãռ䡣
벽񡣡
оռٱǵʵɫ䣬ԥշҪܡ
ռڶ
⵽ΧΣң˲ʩչռعǰγ˿ռڶŽ˵Ĺ
Ԫ洸𣡡
ţٻƷԪ洸ƹԪ洸ޱһĸɽݺݵһ档
⧲£汻ڽصĹԪ洸Уδüһͱҳ⽴
ɱ㣡
Լұ۱ջˣ籡壬ƴա
ڽ񹥻£ǿгƣֲĹȫѹסյĹƣ
㻹Ÿʲôٳְæ
ֵס棬Լ澳ܵĹҶ硣
Ϊ㲻
Ҷ΢΢һЦ漶ӳĻ꺣һɫ񽣣ն˹ȥ
һ̳ҵĿռ䱻˲˺ѣʮʱʧɫ澳޷㡣
ͣ
â澳ܵ屻
ţƳҶ壬ηѹ澳ܵϡ
̼䣬澳


2023 ѹ
벽񡭡ǵʲôˣ
оҶҲǰ벽񣬽ǿҵĲʵ
˭
Ҷ¶ŵЦݵ
˭챾Ҫ
ոҶɱĴ澳ܣ壬λܼͣܿŭ壬뵽µĺץ񣬺޲ýҶǧС
޽ڣںϣ
һ뼫޽ںһ𣬹ٶȣʵҲԽ¼񾳡
ֲռĵ»û
ɣ
޽ǹڽУ֮뵽޽ǹУһǹҶˡ
漫޴Ҷȼ˺֮Ѫں֮ģ漶ȭһȭӭȥ
꣡
Ҷȭͷļ޽ǹײһ˲䱬ڽֱѹ˼޽ǹýֱ۷顣
еĿռء
ռ䱻ƣҶ֮ļսδۡи֡
ʲôʲô
ɴ˫ۣҶǿȳ̶ȣһȭѹ˼޽ǹ
ǧȭ
һȭƵĹҶ罫Ĵ漶ͼݵ£˲ǧ޵ȭһƬ꣬ɱ˽档
ս̬֮򣡡
оǧȭƻ˲仯ǿս̬ſ֮ʩչɱУֵǧȭ
ҶͻƵ벽̫ǿ󣬳ڽݿ֮ƵɱУϵغŽ棬ֱӽ˳ȥ˵Ѻۡ
񣬾ң
̵ҶĿֲ˲Ľ溦ˣ𣬴
ɣǺƺҲûãûܾ㣡վһԵ¶ɭȻЦݵ

ٶȣ
淢֣Լȥֻܽٶ£ҪٶȾҶ磬ѰܵĻᡣ
ʱ
Եٶȣ˲û̬ٶȲӰӸȫҶ硣
濿Ҷʱȴֵķ֣ҶΧĿռʱ̶Լٶȱ޵Ľˡ
֮򣡡
Ҷһ̤ſ˿ֲĽ֮޵֮˲佫棬ԼٶȲӰûˣֱӽٶȲӰһش˽棬˳ȥ
񣬾
Ʋϼأ־ˣͻȻҶ磬˱аɲǧʮϹƵĿռ䣬Ҫռ𣬾ڸۡ
޼
ȫռʱΡߴĻľӰֳ壬һ֮Ĵ漶ͼڽںһ𣬺ɱ˹
һСҶ磡
Եٶȣ㿪޼ıɱһʱϳҶݡ
㵹ǲɵ
ҶЦһ̤ӿ֮ϣ淢͵ĹҪ콫ѹ
֮򣡡
֪Ҷݣӵľ֡
޷ţô̵ʱڣҶʵô̤࣬뵽˰벽񾳽硣
һƣ
Ҷӽſ֮漶ںһ𣬼޵н壬ն˾ɱ޵еһֱ˺˽֮һնƴĽ档
ٶȣ㿪Ҷ̳һʱҶһȭ˽档
һȭƻޱȣӵмٶȵĽȴδ㿪ҶһȭؿڣڽֱӺһȭ˳ȥؿȫݡ
ţҶ粻ϵر仯ʱ淢ֲϵƻһδδɡ
¡¡
ƲϼʱаɲǧʮϹƵĿռͻȻ⵽˹˽ƹ赡
񣬾
ŽƹѣѪĽĴϲɤӴ
㲻úˣҲȲ㣡
Ҷ粻ٲ׾ٻ죬淢͵Ĺ
ʮʱٹ£ٶȲϵؽͣ㲻Ĺ屻ǧٿס
ѹ
Ҷֳ죬ӲնĽɫʱҶҵѪģص˵ϣ˹ȥ
ģɣ
ѹ˽棬ҶٻƷģƾֱӽһϢĽˡ
аɲǧʮϹ죬գ
ɹѹ˽棬ҶаɲǧʮϹ죬ֱԷŭ


2024 
ǽȫʬ
ҶˣͷųǿǶˣɭȻ
ѾˣҪǣҿµžۡ
Ȼֲܿﵽм񾳣編ںԭʼģҲﵽм񾳣Ҷ༫Ʒӵ޽޾
ĹѾ˶û˸ô˵ˣ۾бʵʵɱ⣬ϤҶ磬ҪҶ壬һѵ
⵽⹥Ҷվԭ˿塣
ɶ۷澳ܵ壬Ҷʱȴڼڽɢ޷˺ֺ
ó汾°ɣȹ죡
Ҷ粻Ŀ±¶аˣԼɱ񣬼Լʵ
úúãҪкŵʱ
Ҷȫŭˣٻһαȼĺ棬ǿ֮Ҷ硣
編࣬ںϣ
ĹҶ粻Ҵ⣬˲ں˻編࣬ʵм£ս˲䳬ֳ죬һƵĹ˻ȥ
ʲô
ɴ˫ۣŵؿҶ硣
м£
оҶͷŵϢԶԶԼˣ˵Ҷֶγ
ڣֵҹˣ
ʵ£Ҷ̤˲һǰֳ죬˲佻֯һޱȵĽâ
ߣ
ݵʧֳֺȫҶڱĵشҵĽ֣˻Եƻ帮ۡˣո˵Ѻۡ
֮𣡡
ɱ˰ʱ䣬Լ޷ѹҶ磬ſ֮򣬿֮ɽ㹥Ҷ磬Ҫ֮ش
٣
֮ϮҶĵݵ£˻һӭ֮
䣡
޵֮ڰײһ𣬾ǧؾˣƬƬϵĽŵñе˲ֻʶӡ
ͨ񣡡
ӲһҶʩչû򹥻񣬷ɢĹ
Եʵſ֮򣬷ʱҶںһݻʮʱٹһ
һҵıϿնʱҹ޾ĹâҶһɡ
䣬췣
ͫһ֮˲ڻ췣ӭȥһ񷡣
򽣹ڣ
һǿƵҶ缤޵н壬ݻ޵񽣣ռ䣬һϮĽӣӸǶȹ
ͣ
򽣹ڹ£ƣӱ񱩵Ľɣ׹䵽ǧ֮⡣
̬Ҷʵ̫̬ˣż꣬м񶼲Ķˣ̬չȥ˵վۣ֮ĿҶشһĻձֲսҲᶨպҶľġ
ͨԽţ
Ҷ˲ưڽҳӵϿգȫ뵽ҽУ۳һֻޱȾ޴Ĵӡ
ԽŲ£ռ䱻ȱˣԽ֮أھɽ̤ƽء
꣡
ոշɳؿӵ޿ɱܣԽŲУһһ׹䵽˵ضУǱֲİԽ̤Ĳݡ
ģһң
ܹȴ裬˲ԴȽز㣬˷ŭһɫĵҩ赤ҩ֮ٵʵʱﵽм۷塣
²Ըˣ
ŭϮҶ뽣֮Ϊһ壬߼޵н壬ʩչ򽣹ڣ٣޼
ۣ
ͨ£ʩչɱбƣͨϣϵսɳ֧Ԯڰ´Ѫ
Ѫ֮ȫȼգ
ƲϵؼأȼȫѪٻһöӨ͸ɢźľʯ
أ
žʯҶʱѺ۵˲䱻ʯĺᣬٷҶ磬Ǳ˲䶳˱
ȥɣ
̫޼
Ҷ类˲䣬ʩչͨĹ£Ƹֵĺ棬Ҷ磬Ҫһش
ƣ
Σʱ̣ڽ뵽ĺϣֱֲ˺
֮
ţҶ֮ӳص죬ӭ˺档
䣡
ײһαӲѳ룬е鰧һҷ
Ϻ棬Ʋնɫ
ֲĽڽڵİˡ


2025 
ͼƣ
ۿƸ֣ƿֲնϣиֳһ£ɢ֮ͼֱӽɣǿзӡš
û񽣣ҿôҶ
Ȼ汻ϣҲƾǿĵƣʱӡ졣
Ҷʧȥ죬Ķ֡
˵ǲ̫ˣ˭˵ֻһ񽣣
Ҷ¶ŵЦݣŵƾٻӿֲĸ
ʲô
ĸĸϵЦ˲佩ӲˣӸǲһɳ
Ҳû뵽Ҷĵ˵񣬲Ŵʵĵƣӵ񽣡
ʱҶ̤˲һǰֳĸ
ʧȥα棬սټѹıͼֵסҶ͵Ĺڽڵİˡ
Ƹǲϵؼأеһβ˲
ģʲôʱԽԽ⡣
첻ܾ
һʩչ첻ܾٵ޸ƣ׼ȫͻΧ
ͻȻԲʮռһռ䡣
ߣȽҲסң
ʯƵĿռ䣬һ¶һ˿м
˭˵ģҶЦһ
ԲʮռһˣҶû˹ǣа飬بţսħٻ˳еܿռ䡣
⡭
ͻȻֵɫ䣬¶˾֮ɫ
ףô㣬ѵ塣
е¶˷ŭ֮ɫ
ԭѾˣĮ˵Ѿûˡ
㡭
ԴҲ벻ҶΪѣ뽫һϢȥ
Ҷȴᣬͬʱֹ
񱾾Ʋᣬ⵽Ҷߴĺ屻˲ˡ
編࣬ɣ
Ҷʣµ̫СԿ֮£Ҷֻܿƻ編
⣬ǻľҶ磡
Ҷڰս䱩¶ľ̫֪Ҷ編໯ΡߴҡҷŻйĻľµݡ
Ϊʱɫƽ񱬿Уڵ
Ҳóѣ
оԴԴʧ֪񷢳˾ֵҪԱ
ߣһԱĻ𣿡
Ҷһͬʱ֣ͷųǿȫѹ
Ҷѹ£ڿӿȫѹƣ޷Ա
Ҷ磬峤磬ҵţ峤һΪұģ޷Ա񲻶ϵҶ硣
ޣĽѾӣס죡
Ҷһٻ˳һŲո޸ϣʱһɹɶͺͱǿУץ
編ľӵǿ󣬲һʱ䣬Ϳήˣձ˸ɣ
ߣ
мҶսǬУٻ˫ᣬԼٶҵıȥܿʧ
֮Ҷһ׵ɽкУһ뵽˾ģ˱ѹ뵽ȻԵĽ档
ѻ꣡
Ҷס˽ǣֱӶԽѻ֪꣬䡣
Ȼ˷ֵܳʮطⱱǾ֮һ
˻֪пֵܳĵطҶ绹֪һϢ̫죬̫첢磬ȥ⣬Ѱҽ֮Ĺؼ֮

ѻ֮ҶǿнԵĽ滽ѡ
㣬Ҫʲô
ŲԶҶ磬ʱ¶˿ֻ֮ɫ
˵ҪʲôҶ¶ŵЦݣһ־Ľ
Ҷ磬ֻҪ㲻ɱңԸ⳼㣬Զĳ㣡
ȻǷһĻʣȴûй־ˣòίȫ
ûм̳в洫УӦΪҲĻĻᣬܿϧѾӦ˲棬ɣҶĮ˵
㲻ɱңҿԸ䣬Ҹܽҷһ屦͸㣡Ϊ˻治Ҷ׳һջ
ҸոѾѻˣ֪Ҳ֪Ҷ˵
Ҫſң
Ҷ粻ΪĽ־ϵġ
˵ˣɣ
˵ţҶƾģס˽棬漶궴Ļ꺣꣬նɱ
棬ӦѾ㰲ϢɣҶ翴һ۽ʬ壬뿪˾ģصǬС


2026 
ô磬ӽ꺣л֪мֵϢ𣿡
ųǬеҶ磬Χ˹ʵ
Ѿ˷ֵܳʮطҶ˵ͷ֮⣬һõһϢ̫죬̫춼硣
ţڹϣ̫죬̫쾹Ȼڣĸ˵ȥʲôط
Ҵӽ꺣л֪̫죬̫ȥ⣬Ѱҽ֮Ĺؼ֮Ҷ˵
ѵ֮ĹҪر֮𣿡üͷʵ
̫죬̫ѰҵıѰҲԽо֮Ĺء
ҾӦȥѰұʯ
Ӱ˹˵
ʯǺ
Ҷ˵һ˵ʯˢˢ⣬ʮص
֮ĹдһصԸ꣬ʧûбʯ񣬽֮ĹҲʧңɱ¾Ҷ͸¶һں֮ĹҪϢ
ô֪ôں֮Ĺ飿Ҷĸ𾪵ʵ
ⶼ游ҵģʵ˵ϣ游͸ҵıʯҶҪҿԸš
ģ̫ˣ
ҶĴϲû뵽ϾȻбʯ
аǰبǰűʯ͸ǣʱһ֮Ĺ
Ҷóűʯ͸ʵǿаˣԼһţʣµһţ׼
㻹֪ٹں֮Ĺܣ
Ҷû뵽֪ں֮Ĺܣл֪мֵϢ
ûн֮Ĺ游ĸ˵Ҳ²⣬֮ĹӦôڲͬڵ棬ֻ档
֮Ĺڲͬ棡Ҷ˵һ͸¶Ϣһ
֪֮ĹʲôԵ𣿡Ҷһסĵʵ
游ֻң֮ĹǺͻµĻԵһľ԰˺εȻԵҲҡҡͷ游ں֮ĹһԵңܵõҾܼҵȫǱɱ䣬عҵ档
游Ȼں֮Ĺ¶Ŀ飡Ҷ𾪵ʵ游ʲô֣
񣡡
񡭡
Ļذ󴸣ҶըһĿɿڴ
ҶУѾĴڣеǺεʵ޷
ҲУһŬ񾳣ĳЩвֵһᣡ̾Ϣһܴ
ǻǷֵܳļطɣΣһҪ֮Ĺõ顢µĿԵҶһֵܳʮط˳
ǼԱѾҶ˿ˡ
ԽΣյĵطҲȫĵطҪԼҾпѡĵط
Էʳǣ޻ʳǿԱȽϴ󣡡£鼫ḻبŷ
ҾǪҲпܣиأǪУҪҵܣ
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ȥ޻ʳǣҶİ
Ϊʲô
ˢˢͶҶ硣
涼ûڷʳǣ˵ӦýʳƷһ飬ڷʳǣߵĿԼ޻ʳǵĿԸ󣡡
ڷʳǣ޻ʳǵΣҲӦвڰмӣҶ
ãǾȥ޻ʳǣֻҪ̫죬̫첻ڣȫлΌ壡
˲ɫʯ˺ƾƿͻƵڵа˵
šҾʯȡ֮Ĺǰҵʵܸһ
˵꣬Ҷ뿪Ǭ뿪̵ɽ仯òϢ޻ʳǷȥ
ԼʮҶ˳Ρߴ󣬳ֻ޻ʳǣһսϸ̲飬뵽Ļʳǡ޻ʳС


2027 ϣ
գ
ȻҶյòðȴЩϲյϣʮֵĻʹԳٺ⡣
գ޻ʳǣʲôͩľĽҶ紫յ
̯ճ˼һ£˵޻ʳǰ̯ĵطӦܼĵطҰֿ̯ۣһЩ֮ڸͩľģ
⵹һ⣡Ҷ۾һߣȥмҵط̯ʮպ󣬷֣Ǿȥʳǡ
޻ʳǵмʮֵ֣׵̯λڷĿƷȺУѰ֮
ҶʮƷ쾧һУһ̯λαװɻɫʯͩľģһһľһ©һͨʥ裬Լͨʥδﵽʥڷ̯λϣע
ȻҶ̯λϳ۵Ʒ٣ҪôȼͣҪôأҪôûмֵ·ֻһۣʧȥȤ
ҶҲżһ裬ζĺʱ䡣
ιô
ȴʱ֣һųڣȲӣҶ̯λԣñϸоһ£ʵ
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ĥҲһƷͨʥôֵƷʥһЩջ˵
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ľأǮӹľʵ
̯λеƷƷʥҪͿ㣬͸ϿߡҶЩ͵˵
ӣҿһӣѾ֪ԼˣľҪߡ
ȵС磬и֪ҪôǮŻӣͻȻס
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⻹ǹ㣬ⱲӼ޲ȥҾ㡣նݺݵ˵
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ȴھҹҶ׼̯ջؿջϢʱһ׷ԲԣһľȣǵҶ̯λԣɨһ̯λϵı֪ɫʯô
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׷ҲûпͩľתʧںҹС
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ԼݸӦ£Ҷо׷ȻݣʵǿǷ
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Ƿ񣬵ҿԿ϶ĻǷ񣡡ҶĿŰ׷ȥıӰ߰ɣ̯׼

ҹԽԽ
׷ǵ߽һ˵С·˼һ㣬ʧ
ҽҪûˣ
ʧİ׷һصĿռУҶеõͩľĵݸһϼ£ӺݻɢŸ߹ʣŽڵŮӡ
ŮӣһˣһĻʷ
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˰ͩľĵʯǣ¶ɢľ֮ͩľġ
ı¶ŨŨļ֮ɫû뵽Լһ׷ıô׵֡
ͩľĵ˲򵥣ҽ뿪ⷢ⣡׷˵
Ҳãʱ뿪ȥǪˣ˵ͷͩľģͻƵڣ壬ħЩӣѪĴۡ
ʵ㲻ü뿪
ͻȻһͳڷĿռ䱦
ͩľеǬ֣ӦҶĳڷǰ
㣬ʲôˣô뵽ġ׷ٴеؿͻȻֵҶ磬ɭȻ˵
ôͰˣҶ¶ŵЦݵǸ˽ͩľĸҵľѡ


2028 £
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Ӻݻķȼܻ棬ſռ䣬ĿϬؿҶ磬ɱȻ
ҲˣҶҡҡͷҺһ塣
һĹϵԽԽǿȵϢҶѣʱ׼Ҷ緢һ
ȲҪŶ֣㿴˭
˵ţҶ罫ʬٻ˳ӵ˵ϡ
ʬ壬ʬ塭
Ƕ˵ʬ壬ˣҶ˼ر仯Ƕɱġ
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˵ţҶ罫˫ٻ˳
ǲĲ˫̡һϳ΢΢ЩԾʵ㵽ʲôˣ
ҵ֣϶û̳˲ĴУУҶ絭˵˵ĵ˾ѣ񣬲֪ԸҺı֮Ĺ𣿡
˵ò˵ĵ˾ѣ̫СˣҺҲ޷º֮ĹȻҶ綯úεֶɱ˽񣬵оҶֻǰ벽񣬸޷ﵽԼ
СǱΣһڣҿԽˣҶ΢΢̣ŵЦݵ
һлң¶Цݵ֪ҵʵ
м£һֻ̤ڣҶЦ˵񣬲֪û˵
ȻоʵʵһлңͻȻҶһ˿ŨȤ̡֪
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Īңٽҿռ䱦Уа취ǣҶ·
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ãǾͰˣ
ӡǵĴڣһֱǷͷ󻼣֪Ҷа취ƳĴϲ
編࣬ɣ
Ҷһָ˷˫䣬ƻ編ɫ룬͸Լָ̽λڷؿڵӡС
о˫䴫ĸоԼȫӣֻܶϣž޲ĲɵһӺݵϸֳĺΡ
ܿ죬ɢĸоҶ磬оӡǵı仯
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գٻؿջ
Ƶ䣬ҶճһصסĿջУȸٻ棬αװһС


2029 
ɷ񽫺֮Ĺλøˣ
ŷ΢΢Щ԰ףʧգҶ˵
⡭
ȻҶֶξ죬¶һ˿ԥԥҶʵݡ
񣬲ҪԥˣǺĿǰõѡҲֻǣл֮ĹõĿԵ
ʱ飬بŵ˹
飬بšôǣ
Ķˣɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ǲǳԾΪʲôûŷӺݵϹŨŨ֮ɫ㣬һب¶Ц˵
屻ʮȫսѵ󣿡סĵ𾪵
һսȷʵңҺһڻû˻Ҳب̾Ϣһ۾͸ŨŨĳ֮ɫ
بţɷң˭Ҷݣһֱʮֵĺ档
Ҷ޼Ķӣֵ֮ˣһԽӻ
Ķӣĸ˵Ȼǹ֮Ҿûйˡ
Ҵȥ֮ĹǰǿɷһæǾʶ֪ҶݣҶҲࡣ
ʲôæҶʵ
ȥأȳҷһˣ˵
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Ҷ˵ͷԥӦͩľ˳͸˷
˵֮ʣ̽ϢĿȸͨѶ飬Ҷ紫Ѷ֪޻ʳǵ¶
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Ҷ΢΢üͷ鿪ʵ
ȸѶ޻ʳǱȫˣκ˲Ҷ
ȷ޻ʳǣǿ϶Ҫ̺ʽѰҵˣɫص˵ʵڲУɱȥ
ɱȥҲݾߣǾȳ˵ѶȣҶҡҡͷ
ʲôð취Ҷ磬ʵ
ͨռ涴뿪Ҷ絭˵ɿճٻߵɿճ棬ˡ
İˣһҾ뿪޻ʳǵĳ涴ɿճŵ˵磬ſͣɿռڣɳһĳ涴
ɿճ桭û뵽ȾµҲ㣡𾪵˵ԽĸоҶ粻򵥡
Ϊȷ޻ʳǣ塢ħʮܵһʱϵ޻ʳǣŰΧˣѲ飬Ѱ䣬ƱҪҵʺ֮Ĺλá
޻ʳǷলľԱʱһĿռ涴ͨ޻ʳ֮⣬ͨռ涴ҶǬ֪뿪޻ʳǡ
뿪޻ʳǣҶ뿪Ǭݷ֪꣬طȥ
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Ҷٻ˫ᣬٶȼķʱһĴҶС
ҶԶԶ壬ħ澳ԼٶȷסҶ硣
𣿡
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һĿ࣬۾ðŵ̹⣬Ƥڣһħ
Ǻο࣡Ҷҡҡͷ̾Ϣһǵʵ㷢˷Σס񣬻ʱͨ籨ţ
⻰ʲô˼
ҶĻ澳ܶʱ׷ٻǿͷʱ׼Ҷ緢һ
ҵ˼ǣ̫ˣҶͫһ˲ſ˽֮򣬽澳С
֮䣬澳ܱ֮壬Ѫ
ƽ֮ɱˣҶϢȻϢ뿪ˡ
Լʱ䣬ٶȼҶ˱ǿƷķ⣬ͨɿճ䴩Ŀռ涴뵽˱ħȫƵķС
ڴܣ
ҶڷһƫƧĽ䣬Լݣʱڷиоһڴܡ
һڴܣҶ绹оڴܣԼڴܡ
̫ǿħûв˿ӡ
Ҫ˳ؾȳħѹķһˣҪúüƻһ
Ҷû뵽ܵô࣬ڴܣҶвò
Ҳֻ취ˣ
Ҷ˼һᣬһӦ˷˱ѹĵطеĹ۲ȴ
ĵȴһʱʱһ벽񾳽磬մ˿˿Ѫյħܴӷ˱ѹ߳
ˣ
Ŀ꣬Ҷ뷿С
ԸоʼҶƻ֮漶ͼûģѺ˵ȥ


2030 ħ
ŷôֻˣ
֮ҶûħȥЩʵ
һҪɲһЩѪҶͳٴ򿪽ơ
ǣ
ȻоħܵЩԣȴûж룬νƣҶ뵽ʪС
߽ΣҶ翴ʮͷ˺۵ķ˽һηУħʩչ̵ħطǿгȡ˱Ѫ壬ʵ
ֻΪħܹȳȡѪѻɸʬȥ
ٳ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬ķȫߣҶ罫аٻǬǿ˺νƣȷˡ
ণҪǵ
˱ϡ٣Լҵӣŭˣ޾ķ壬˲ڻһνƣǿгȡ˱Ѫħճ˻ҽ
ŭʱҶ˷׷׳֣˺ŽƣһֻֻܾĥһϢķսǬС
ʲôˡ
ͻȻһŭıھ֮
оνƱƣطصħ۷ħ汻ˣһʱϵϿա
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һȫںڹУ·µƵħ񱩺һκһƣµӡǳһƽκ飬ˡ
񣡡
ȫȼܻ棬ֲصķħ¶֮ɫⱾӦ޻ʳǵķ񣬾Ȼص˷С
ħǺôĹҲɱĥҷˣĲǣ
ŭķ쳤Хһޱߵķʵǿﵽڵľħ񷢶͵Ĺ
аٰԸħ񣡡
Ȼʵǿһֻ̤ڣ뾪ħ֮ȻвԽʵ࣬Ҷ约Կͬһֻ̤ڵаС
սħħڴܾͽˣǰبǰǶԸһħʣµħ񽻸ң˾ܻɱħܣһʱ۾ΣѸٳ˴
ȻҶƿصԶԿħ񣬵Ҷ约µΣճ֣
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ˣҪνˣǲǱĶ֣
ħֳһʮֹϣ̻Ƶľ쳤꣬һߵֵаĹһ߿˵
ߣ죬Ϊǳصģ챾ʶҵֶΣŭķһ仯ǿս̬
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ܵħǿзӡķ߲ϼ⣬ֱ˺˷ӡ뵽У˲뵽ڣս뾪ħ൱
ټʵֲͬаа񣬾ħҲɵ¶֮ɫ

ں˴֮ɱڵķħ񷢶͵ĹӼٵһɺɽϵײħ
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һʱ䣬Ͽձսȫݻ٣ĩһ㡣
֮սʱ޷ֳʤգ棬޵ȴѹԵƣȫħ֡
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ʵֲ̫һµХþֱӽˡ
ףٰǰبǰУ
飬بŵֵħмΪҶôǰ
İæ˵ѹ˳ſǿʩչȫĹ
ҵɱңƻĲӡ
ﵽ񾳣ÿ˶ʮֲֿĵƣҪʱشɱԷܡ
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ʩչɱʱаҲа£ħ񷢶һ
䣡
һıը졣
ȫľħ񱻺˳ȥؿڸǱըѪ졣


2031 ն
ħˣ
ⷢ־ħ񱻷аˣҶ˼ҽֵġ
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ץסѪɫۣ˫Ӱ֮ʣҶںһһħ
һ̳ݺأռ˺ѣѿһȥط·һѿʮɣرɫеΣУƽз
Ҷһֲ̫˫ֱӻķƣƲĴ

Σʱ̣һֻȼܻͷƳؿڣֵҶ̳һ
ͷֵ£һ½ձƵ
СҪ
ȻƵһ񣬵ͷأȫŭƼеƳ壬һɫ磬Ҷ磬Ҫ˺ҶĻ꺣
ĹҶ粻ܣ˺ԼĻ꺣Լꡣ
ԣ̻꣡
˺꣬ԸֳҶ꺣ͷųǿֱӽ飬
㣬꺣ʲô
о˲Լʧȥ˸Ӧɫ䣬¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
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˵ţҶһʩչʱٹһʩչʱʱʱ˷ʤĽϵع
ϢϢͨ걻ɣܵǿĻɣͷѣҶݻʱʩչĽĹܵӰ졣
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٣
ħ֮ƵҶʩչʱ֮ʱҶ罫Ĵ漶ͼݵ£޵һ
һʱ䣬ӵ㣬·תһжһ·׷顣
꣡
ħ֮⵽Ҷٹֱˣֲ֮ݺݵغϣ˳ȥؿȫˡ
Ҷ編ش֮ʣһҪΪȥ˱ķʩչֶΣƱҪħɱħʹĽѵ

Хһ˷һе֮Ӳʮ౶սðķӵĿֲħв
Чֲʱȴ޵ʱڣħ񷢶͵ĹȵĻһУȫѹס˾ħĹڽڰˡ
ӣ𣡡
֮Ҳ̼֮£ӳĿĹâ·ؼ׹һֺա
аննն
ķȫѹƾħ֮ʣаа뱾֮ѪŰаǿĹħ񷢶͵Ĺ
ܿ죬ֵסа͹ľħѪգԽԽء
ȫаѹƣƾľħ⣬˼սмҲ޷ȡѹԵơ
žȫʧأħûԥ쳤Хһħ汾뿪
˵ţħʩչɱУȼյķаӲǱˣΪǱħˣȥ
ħһӣҶˣ档
ӵõ𣿡
ת֮ʣҶʩչĪٶȣס޵н壬ʩչ򽣹ڹеռ䡣
ƣ
޵Ϯû㣬ʵ£ʩչħͨȫӭҪҶˣ
䣡
ͨײһ˲䱬ء
ջһƬʱĸֳҶ壬콻ӳ
֮
Ҷ籩һ֮˲ȫ뵽У˲伤еƣӡ񷣬ɫޱ
Ӳ򽣹ڣһ˿ʧأٶܵ˲СӰ졣
ʱ񽣴Żնɫޱ䣬ϧ۴һƵ
ķȻ£ȴȻֵס񽣵ȫһ
ǣ
дһ
ķȫ飬Ʋն޿ɱܵϣֱӽǿնˡ
ľɣ
ǿն壬ûȥǿִҪƲʱ編ƳҶ壬ΡߴĻľѹϡ

񾪿ֵİУľɫֱƽ壬ͷɣսɱˡ


2032 Ǫ
ڷصϢһϯ磬ȫ޻ʳǵڴܸе𾪺Ͳ⡣
ܵһʱϵʱҶһ뿪ˣ˸ա
Ǫںһ޼ʡ
Ǫ̫ˣеִ۸ӣ಻Ϊ֪ĺҲ޷Ǫʵ
Ҷһ뿪أʮʱ·Ǫߡ
֮ǪΪ֪֮ĹǪһ֮С
ȻǪ壬ħ˷ˣ
ǪߣҶǿоһޱߵǪ߱ǿзκ˶޷ǪУǿдߣ壬ħܡ
ɿճ棬ˣ
Ҷڰųɿճ棬ǪԵҧһֱͨǪĿռ涴ȻϢĽ뵽ǪС
񣬾ͷ·ˣ
ǪҶٻԼٶǪȥ
á
Ҷٶȼ˺ƱĺˮǪײζʱͻȻоԼ䴥ں׵ؽơ
ô˷񣡡
ĺ׽̫죬Զδ֡
ҸողСĴһƣӦñ¶ˣɫص˵
ߣǾ·취ǣ
δ֮ĹǰҶ粢壬ħ巢ͻ˫˫ӿٶȣԼٶǪȥ
¡¡
ûãٶȼĶˣֲСĴ޷ؽơ
ţһɹɿֲıը֮ںըҶˡ
ȻƱ޷вҶˣȴٳ׵صı¶ǿظоǿϢԼٶȳ֣סǶˡ
Ǻˣô뵽Ǫģ
ݵҶˣһ¼벽ûϳǣɭȻʵ
ôǪںΪѵ𣿡һ˻ɤӵ
ȻǲʵʵǾͱֱ񲻿鲼ۣѩ׳ƺˮ·һƣͷ˸֮¼Ե˵
һֻذĴִ͸ռ䣬ڽץҶˡ
սپ
û㣬ȼŷӭȥµֱ˵֣ɫ΢¼
ֵ˲䣬Ҷ̤벽
򽣹ڣ
˲伤޵н壬ܳ޵񽣣ϢĽӣֱ˺벽ſ֮򣬺Ƕˡ
ħ壡
벽û뵽Ҷս˵ı뺷ԥ仯ǿħ壬ʩչͨȫӭ
¡¡
ڶȫݻ£Ƕ˻˿ֲ췣һҪ򽣹ڡ
޵н幥ɱ޵Уݻ򽣹ڳһֱͨӴ͸˶ݻ췣̴ǵ壬ն˳ȥ
𣡡
һشˣҶٻƷΡߴɽݺݵǶϣǶҳ⽴꣬
Ҷǿƻɱ벽ʱҲԾԵʵش۵¼ߡ
㣬Ƿ񣡡
һֱ۱ڻ¼߱ϳ˷ݡ

ݱ¶飬һֻɴķȶž޴Ļ¼߷͵ĹҪ˲ɱⱩ¶Լ١
̫峤ң
Σʱ̣¼óöʱòһģһݻһӳˡ
̫⻯
ͻȻֵӣҶϳǶ̫⻯ʵﵽм¡
񣬾Υˣ
һ̫⻯ſͣ˾޴ƺúˮҵĲ˲Св
磬õǳǱ뾡ɱ̫⻯֮ĹȻǿܻ鷳
û뵽̫쾹Ȼ⻯ػ¶֮ɫҶ
ã
ҶҲ֪ڲǲ׾ʱѸٽа飬بţսħٻ˳һͬɱ̫⻯
̫峤
̫⻯ɫ䣬ѾҶ磬òĵĲٻһµʱ׼һ
û뵽ǻʵ
ػҶ磬Χаˣ̫⻯
ϣɱ̫⻯
ʱҶ˷׷ٻǿı̫⻯͵Ĺ
Ҷ̤˲һص¼ǰҪȽ

Ű벽񾳵Ҷ絨ҿԼֱڻص¼Ҷ緢һ
գ֮䣬Ҷںƺͻ編࣬Ӳսм£Ƶ¼ߵĹ
⣬ôܣ
оҶ˲ս¼¶ؿ־ɫܵĳſ֮ȫ
Ҷͬʱʩչͨ£¼߳ſ֮ˣǱͨˡ
編࣬ɣ
¼߼Ѫܱ編ƳҶ壬ľͷųǿֱӽ¼ߵɣŻɱ


2033 ֮Ĺϣ
ľԭ㣡
̫⻯һӵмߵǺּ䣬¼ߵĻľϳҶݡ
û뵽һ⻯ϳңǲӦøең
Ҷ罫編壬ֳ죬̫һ⻯͵Ĺ
Сӣ㴦뱾ԣҲûҪˣ̫۾͸֮ɫӶݻ˫ۣ˵Ĺ˲ưҶǰ
ռ䣡
Ҷ磬̫⻯ӿ޾Ŀռ֮˲ҶΧĿռ䡣
̫⻯ƶٶ죬ԸӦ£ҶǰԤеΣܣ㿪˹
٣
㿪ռ䣬Ҷ٣ռ䣬̫⻯
̫⻯ʵֲ̫ϵݻµĵ⣬ٵĹ
֮𣡡
̫⻯ǿƵҶ繥ʱ飬بͬʱſ֮Ҫ̫֮⻯
֮û˲䣬̫⻯ӿһ⣬ֱ˺֮򣬽飬بűˡ
ף
飬بŵĹƣͷųһˮͰֵףϵغ̫⻯
ףƾ¼ʵҲңδ̫ˣ̫⻯˵һƣһĻֱӷ׵Ĺ˳ȥ
̫ǿˣͬΪм£Ϊʲô̫⻯ǵʵǿô࣡
Ҷû뵽飬بţ֣Ȼκβ̫⻯
а֣ȻռһƣʱȻ޷̫⻯
ǰبǰף취̫⻯жʩչɱһ๥޹Ҷֻ֮ܽػ̫⻯
ã
һİΣ̫⻯һγſصһѹ̫⻯
֮
̫⻯ԵʵصһʱҶȫ֮еƣն̫⻯
š
ն̫⻯ɫʱˣҪʱ˲ϧ۵Ĺж޷񽣵һ
ʮʱٶ£̫⻯նˡ
ţ編ƳҶ壬ɫ룬̫⻯У
аɲǧռ䣡
죬ĸѹ
Ϊûľ˳̫⻯ҶƷȫѹ
صˣҲƵȫѹ̫⻯Ļᡣ
ܿ죬ڻľ£̫⻯һ⻯ˣľ۳ޱǿĻ
ľ壬ҶѸ˷ߣֳ񽣣ڶ̫⻯͵Ĺ
̫⻯սԲľոɵǾߣҶļ룬ĹƱ˲ѹˣҲڲϵؼء
򽣹ڣ
޼
٣
̫⻯ȫѹʱӵ޽Ҷ˲ͨ˹ȥ
аҲʱǿͨͬʱ̫⻯ϡ
ǣ
ͬʱҶ˵ǿһ̫⻯ʱˡ
ţսħʩչľɱк̫⻯֧ϣˡ
編࣬ɣ
ľȫܵĿǣ̫⻯˲䣬ľ֣Ρߴľ̫⻯ϣɡ
ܿ죬̫ڶ⻯ľˣľ۳ޱǿĻ
ߣǾ뿪
еĵ˺̫⻯Ҷ罫ص˴͵ǬУƣԼٶ֮Ĺصĺȥ
Լʱ䣬ҶǪһޱ߼ʵĺϷ
꣬ظо֮Ĺ⺣УҲָ֪ٺĺ
ңܸо֮Ĺڣ
ҶԼݣ̫һӡеӡǣӦ֮Ĺڡ
ԼһʱҶ˽յ˫˺Ѿ֪֮Ĺڣߡ
˵ţҶٶȼĴŷ뵽ĺУһ⻬ͱڴ
ٳһͬ
˺֮ĹڣҶ罫аٻ˳һͬ
䣡
춯صıںвϵ˺ռ䡣
Ҷ˲ϧĹ£֮Ĺڽˣһɺ󣬹ϣں֮Ĺӿ
һʱ䣬֮ĹΧݻЩ˺ƺˮֱ죬硣
ߣǽȥ
ǿд򿪺֮ĹڣҶ罫սǬУſµĿռѹصĺ֮ĹС
ʯ
Ǭ֮Ĺ˲䣬һʮɸߵʯƳǬں֮Ĺڣ֮Ĺ


2034 ֮Ĺ£
Ǻ֮Ĺ
ԽռͨҶһصĿռС
ؿռУлɫ̫ɫգкɫغ߼ʵĺɫɽ֣һ㣬ĴӣԼһ𣬲֪ڶµķذ
ҳ
֮ĹҶٻ˳
ˡ
֮ĹʱоһɹǵĻ꺣ǵʶһʧں֮Ĺĸо
˵ģûбʯȼĸ֣Ҳʧں֮ĹУ
оսħɢϢԽԽңһɹɱ壬Ҷûбʯսħ˴͵ǬУһűʯ˷۵Ĳϡ
ңҸոôˣ
ڱʯ£֮Ĺʴʧˣʶѡ
֮Ĺдһصûбʯ񶼽ʧңɱ¾Ҷ͵
ˣ߰ɣ
Ҷ粻ʯ壬ħܣҹĵʱ䣬̫һ֪·ͼԶĺɫַȥ
ţ񣡡
ҶɵɫʱΡߴֳֺ棬ңԶʴɵ
Ȼƿܽɫ֣̫һ֪·ߣ֮ͨĹ԰ȫ·м䣬·ѶҪԶԶ֮С·
ҶСΡߴʱǵ˫ͻȻ̫ҪĿĹâһɿֲϢ˳Ҷˡ
Ǳ񽻸Һа񣡡
Ϊ˱սӦʱֵܳ鷳ҶѡָǿаԿ
аսپ񣡡
Ҷ綣һ編ںһ˲佫սмֳӭһѵ
ն
Ҷ籩һںϽУ֯һʮɳ޵µ֮âݺݵն
նѵֳֺӭȥӲĹ
䣡
ײһ˲ֱӽףڼӲĵһؽӡ
üӲʯ
ȻһնˣҶȴ¶ŨŨ֮ɫУʴɵʯȻһ
䣡
ҶһʱʵΪֲһֻ̤ڵаֳаһʯսһ˾޴ƻ
֮ĹĿռޱȣҶ񼤶а񼤶ɵĻƻ޷ƻռ䣬һɫĹľܳס֮
֮Ĺδ̫ˣ
һȼƷҪ̵ĺɫľ鲻ɵøп
ǹľܻ𣬲̣Ǻ֮ĹеĹ̫ǿƻ̤һ¹ƣɫȹ崿˵˵
ôһָо֮ĹеĹĹе㲻һبͻȻ˵
بүүĸоû֮ĹеĹȷʵͬ磬Ŀռں˺ܶĹޱȵǿ󣡡˵ͷСϵ˵
˵֮ʣҶ磬аս˰Ȼ׶Ρ
Ҷ粻ϵؼ޵н壬ս֯һҵ񽣣ϵع񣬽ޱȼӲϣһؽۡ
аĹǿĻָĹְֳаϹԴѿѺۡ
ĸ
ȫѹĹҶֽĸٻ˳ͬʱ񽣹ƻ塣
а顣
аȫһڽڰʱаںһ𣬼аӳһµƣһնԴϣֱӽԴˡ
ǣ
Դ飬ޱȼӲѿѺۣ鲣һˡ
Դ
ҶⲶ׽аɱԴ飬ֳȫԴ
ܿ죬Դͱˡ
ػںɫɽⲻ֪µҶظоС·Խ
ߣ
ҶѸٷһżƷͨʥһ߻ָĵһߴŷˣ˳мС·ڴд
ɫʱҶǿڴиоǿԼ
Щޣ·ûзҶˣûǷ
ܿ죬Ҷһˣ˳ҫŵС·뵽˺ɫ
һ׶ߣɫһֻչ߷һ㣬ɢŴĿ⣬һ̶е滨ӡ뵽Ҷǵע⡣


2035 ܻ
ܻǷܻ
ǰ滨ϳһ񻨡
ԣܻ̺ŷѪԷһͩľģժܻȫϣܻԼͩľ̤ھ硣
ȵȷ񣬲ҪǶ񻨣
˫طҪǿժ߶ҪķܻʱҶһץסɫص˵
磬Ƿܻ̫ҪˣҶҪժ֣Ҷ磬ն˵ժܻټ͸ͩľģȫпڶʱ̤ڡ
֪ܻҪԣҿȷĸ㣬ܻնһ뿪ǽµĹ··еĹͻʧʱǼп鷳Ҷ˵
⡭
ҶĻЩΪѣƲסе
ңֹܻһ䣬ǽһ룬ҲַܻᷢʱǰժҶץŷ̤µĹС·
ðɣ
һ۶ҪķܻҶȰ˵ѡ˷Ҷ磬̤ŹС·ɫɽȥ
ǣβݡ
һ·ںɫɽз˺ֻܶڹżеĶѡ
飬بţа۾ͷ¶֮ɫ
侲࣬ЩΪ֮ظ볿ɫɽ־ͷȥ
ͬʱǪϿճֵ壬ħܵһʱϵǪϿգںĺ֮Ĺڡ
֮ĹڣҶʯӡ塢ħܣȫʱ䣬δܺʯ뵽֮ĹС
壬ħļʱҵĺͻȻѺۡ
ɫۣռΪһ壬Ͷ䶼ռ𶯵̫죬̫ͬʱˡ
̫峤̫峤ˣ˴ħĸˣڷֵ֮ľħһ֮Ĺڱʯӡλ峤ֽ顣
ţˣ
һֻ̤Բ̫˵ͷһָ˹ʯ
ǣ
̫һָܾħ˿ըʯ˵Ѻۡ
ţָ̫ʯ
̫ٶȼĵ˰ٶָʱʮɸߵʯˣ֮Ĺڱȫͨ
ȵȣǻܽȥ֮Ĺڱ̫ͨħ˾Ҫ֮Ĺ׷ɱҶˣʱ̫ȴͻȻסǡ
峤Ǻ⣿ħ񲻽ʵ
ԣ֮Ĺдһص뵽棬ʧңֻıʯܿƺ֮Ĺе̫͵ΣҺ̫峤ȥ⣬һõ˾ſ鱾ʯҲ˵ֻо֮ܽĹ˽֮Ĺɡ
ֻоܽ룡ħüͷšһû뵽֮Ĺơ
ˣ쳤ϣٴħѡʵǿħ񣬸ǽ֮Ĺɫۣ̫
ܿ죬졢ħѡʵǿܣ̫죬̫еõ˱񣬳ǿĿռ֮뵽˺֮ĹС
ʱ̤Ź֮·ǰҶˣ˺ɫֵ̫һӡеӡǣϽһؿռ䡣
ɫҲԸ˵ڶܻм̺Ѫβݡ
磬ǰǶܻҿժ˰ɣ
ԶӭŻգķܻһָоԼٴ˵ܻԵˡ
ãǰţҺͷȥժܻΣգٳ
Ҷ粻֪ɫɽеźεȵΣգԼѾٺɫɽ־ͷվðժܻ
İɣΣգǽӦ㣡
аٻƷͷ
ȥ
˵ţҶͷ뿪̺عС·ٶȼĿ˷ܻ
ণ
оҶ˵Ŀܻһ̶ķһֻķ˸ֳܻȶϼ˫ᣬҶˡ
ܻûӰͬʱٺɫɽ־ͷβݣҲްĺûһֻֻΡߴ󣬾ӰӣҶˡ
һֻֻӰʱҶظоɫɽеĹ˱仯ɽӿǣϵѹǵʵǵս
̼䣬޽ӽܻҶˣ˴Σա


2036 һһһһ
Ѫȼգ編ںϣ
Σʱ̣ʵϱѹƵҶ綯ǿĵƣ˲佫ʵм£ٻ񽣣ſɲĽ֮ȫӭ
ҶԿӰʱҲ仯ǿս̬ٻӣӰ
ֻзӰлժܻ
䣡
һֲֻֻӰϣӰҵĲ
عѹ£Ҳܵ˲СӰ죬ҶͷȫһȻδܺӰ
ҶΣգаƷ˹ȥһֲֻֻӰ
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а˹ʱ֣ǵս֮ĹعѹƵɣƷǴۿۣ޷һֻֻӰ
ľ˺ƹ򣡡
Ҷܹѹƣʱ編ƳҶ壬һΡߴҡҷŻйĻľſһأǿ˺ſռ
ľһľͷųĻ֮˺һУڻľɫ£ѹҶ˵Ĺ˺ˣҶ˲ָǿս
һ񣡡
ָսҶֳݻ޵е⣬һϮֻӰһȫ˺ˡ
аˣҲƸԵƷϵغΧǵӰ
ʮʮֲֻӰҶ˺˺ˡ
ӣѹܻ
ӰѹҪǿѹܻժߡ
ণ
⵽ѹܻһŭ˻Ϸű仯仯һֻȼķˡ
ܻˣһֻֻâβҲһֻֻײеĲҶ˷ŭХ
һһһһ
ǰһĻҶûֳָԵıӭȥڻľ£Ｄҵɱ
ʧȥ編࣬ҶսȻĿֲֳ͵Ĺһֻ׳ȫ̹ҫɫ׵ĲȵĽڽڰˡ
Ҷ磬ڲ紦
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Ĳӱ̴ֲ֮뵽˲Уֱӷ׳ľ޴һΣӨ͸һǿѪβݡ
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ȷ㣬аܿ죬һֻֻײеĲ飬õޱ󣬴˵񵤵βݡ
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֪㣬Ҷ飬بųſ֮ǿٶȡ
һ̣Ҷںһһ裬˫ۡ
ͣ
˫̴ֲĽᴩ壬¶˶۴֣ѪĴľ֮һ
գ
ҶһսǬУ飬بһ𣬳ڷܻԣ˷ܻеռ䣬ȫ
ܻ㣬ķѪڣ
˫£ܻҲ֣Ҷˡ
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ȷ˷ܻ㣬Ҷ˺һٻ˷Ѫڣ˷ܻɵķˣõԷޱķܻ
磬·ˣȥռ䱦ܻͩľģȫڣ
ȻǵʵԵֲ̫̫죬ֻͻƵڣлԿǡ
ãû⣡
Ҷ˵ͷ͸ĻսʮʱٵǬģջ˳ſأ˺ƹĻľɫ־ͷȥ
ɫ־ͷҶһ˲С鷳⵽ֵֻɹʮֲֿ﹥
Ӧ£ҶҵЩ㣬ǵ⻯õỨһа֮һ̫
Ứ̫񵤵а֮аڷܻԷɼаͻڵٶȡ
Ҷûģа֮͸а뵽Ǭ飬بţˣǿ˺عһգԻľǰյķɳƬ죬ŴĪյĺɫɽ֣һصĿռС


2037 
ոʵ̫ˣ
뵽ոǹɻأûǵľˣ²ѣŸʵ壬µ˵
Ǽ·ɣвǵģ̫죬̫ǣǲܱ׷ϣ
Ȼ֮Ĺ쳣ҶĵĻ̫죬̫вһ׷ϣǶ˵ʵԸҶ˴ѡ
ûɶãҶ˷ǰһƬںеĿռ䣬͸ĺԼԿһޱȸߴĹ
Ĺ԰ǰӦþ̫һ˵Ĺ԰ˣ
ǰĹ԰Ҷϵ֮ɫŨΪ̫һӡеӡǣֻĹ԰ļ򵥽ܣûдĹ԰·ߡ
Ҿ̫һӡǽܣĹ԰Գһռ䣬ռеĹܴ󣬽뵽漫·Զʧ档
ȻĹ԰Σأû赲Ҷ˵ĽŲ˼ӿУܿɵĹ԰ڣһһɶߣͨɫŹ׹ľס
񾳡⾵ӲǱ̫һѵ޸
ǰɫӣҶϳ̫һ֪ػĹ԰񾳣ҪĹ԰Ҫ񾵣
̫һ񾳣ȥˣ񾳾޸ػĹ԰
ǰبǰңȥ񾳣Ҷһս񾳡
磬ҪҪæƮƮ׿Ⱥبʵ
ãЩ죬˶սԼԣҶҡҡͷٻ죬ȥֱ߽֮С
ˣ
߽񾵣޾ĹâӳգҶ˫͸âʱһɫףֳֽɫͷ󵶣ݵվһ޴Ĺ⾵£ӣ񾵵ػߣֻлܻ񾵣Ĺ԰С
̫һ֪Ϣػߵʵܱս߸һսʵػߵʵҲ֮
ҶҲԼ̣ǾǺ֮Ѫӵк֮Ѫζӵ޽ߵҰ벽񾳵Ľ֮ټɻػߡ
ңĹ԰ʧߣ
ŴԽâһҶ磬ػ˫˵ͳĮ˵
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Ҷһ˲ȼ˺֮Ѫ̤һ裬ػǰ˼ڽһȭ˹ȥҪ̽ʵ
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ӲһҶ类ػһػʧظأ˽ס壬ڼӲĵؽӡ
սߣʵܲҪңԶ
ػ۾бŨŨս⣬ֲ֮籡壬ռ䣬Ҷ硣
𣿡
ҶЦһ֮籡壬񽣣Ϯ
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֮ײһϢĳӶʱܼı
漶꣬ն
Ҷ缤޵н壬֮Ӳػߵʱ漶ӳҶ꺣һɫ񽣣ǿĵ⣬նػߡ
ۣ֮
ػߵֳ죬ץס˴漶꣬ʱҶͷѿۣ֮䣬ػߡ
ػߵķǿϵףס֮۵Ĺ
ƣҶüͷһ£ֶ֮Σ򲻵Ѳܶá
һ񣡡
ĸƳ壬Ҷֳ񽣣ݻ޵еɱУ˲еĹâػߡ
ҶЯɱϮػֳͷսӭ
һն䣬Ͻˮ಻ݺݵնϡ
ػߵһնԽ¼նɱȴ޷񽣡
󹥻ҶԳػն޵һͱƵˡ
Ҷ˫۱ڽ񽣣ػߵ塣
ͣ
񽣹ػߵķ飬ֱӱ񽣶ˡ
򽣹ڣ
٣
޼
ػ߱񽣶˲䣬Ҷ罫ս£ץסػʧصĻᣬͬʱͨػߡ
أ
ػ߱񽣶أͨ屻ֱӴˡ
񽣣ն
ػߣҶ죬ĸնػ񾵣һ񾵣Ƶ񾵿ռ䡣
꣡
񾵿ռ飬Ҳ֮飬Ҷصʵ֮С
ߣĹ԰
Ҷûеʱ䣬Ƶ񾵣ˣ뵽ž޴ΣգƮϢĹ԰С
ʱ̫죬̫˽뵽˺ɫɽС


2038 
ʲôȻظŵϷ֪
߽ڵĹ԰оԼȥ֪ܵ˼Ӱ죬򶼺ѷֱ
ǵʵܵĹ԰ռӰ죬ӲѹƵ澳
Ĺ԰ӦںĹҪԽĹ԰뿪Ҫ͸Ŀռ򣡡˽յ˫ĵ˵
򣿡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬¶֮ɫ
Ȼ죬Բ͸ĿռѶȴܴ󣬶̫죬̫첽ƣҶûжʱĿռ
ռͽҰɣҲ͸Ŀռҵ뿪·
˫˻ҺɫĹ֮ɫ˫ݣĹ԰еĿռ
ãǾͰ
뵽ݣҶĵؽĹ԰ռ񽻸ظ󣬱Ĺ԰ɭֲĿռдУѰ뿪·
ţһߣͨɫҫŵ⣬ֻʯʨӵĹҶǰ
Ҷ磬ĹŵĿռܽ𣿡ݿռ˫ָѣָ·Ĺ
û⣡
ȻҶ˲µĹп鷳ȴûԥͬʱֹĹ
䣡
Ҷ˺£ߵĺɫĹˡ
Ĺ飬һŨŨĹ֮ðſҵطţֻͨɫа׶೤аʮ㣬ͷ϶һԹŹִǣ絶Ĺֳ˳
棡
ǰֻɫֳ棬Ҷϳǵ̫һͷ۲ѣʳ档
ǰبǰɿճܿ£ǾɱǣҶٻĸߴٵ
ã
飬بŶ˵˵ͷٻƷ˷̶ײе档
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Ҷһ죬ĸն䣬նһֻȶŵᣬٷϡ
ͣ
⵽񽣹ӲĳؽۣµĽֱӽն䵽ϡ
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Ȼն䣬Ҷȴ𾪵ķ֣ȫһȻδɱֻ档
Ծ֮ʣֻٶȼˣĴǻҶ壬˲˺ķǿ˺ѣѪܿƵ˳
ÿֲĹ
ȻҶδƷħķƷҲƿֻĴһͻķ˺ᵽֻĿֲ
Ҷ类ֻ滮ˣ飬بҲ˲С鷳ǲòſ֮򣬽֮ɱ档
޵н壬򽣹ڣ
ˣҶ˼Ʒħ޵н壬˲ݻ޵񽣣ֻ͹档
ֲֻ̫ϵصһ޵񽣵ĹҶڽڵİˡ
Ҷ磬㲻ˣˣܿΣգ
·صƣݿռɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷ
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ĻҶ粻ٲ׾˲֮ǿĹҫ޵еƣնֻײе档
ͣ
⵽޵һֻ屻Ӳˣǰһ
գ
ͨɫСѪи֣о̺ҶսǬУֳ飬بŹʣµֻ档
Ҷ磬ֻڸĴ紦ұڸһ紦
ҶȫʱվһԵϵѰֻ㣬ܿ죬ռı仯ֻ㣬Ҷˡ
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ֻ֪㣬Ҷſ˽֮ٻ編࣬ǿѹһֻ棬죬һԸĴ紦
飬بţҲ֮ѹ棬㷢
̣
⵽ֻ淢ʹ˻ɫҺ罦˳Ӳĳǳ˵Ѻۡ

Ҷͬʱ֣һٻɱֻ棬ֵõ̺
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űҶߵظо̺һӴһɫʯҪ
λǰ͸ˣҶûģޱ͸ˡ
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ҲûƴǣŶ˵Ҫ
λǰҲȥǬɣȡͻƵмΣҺǣ
Ҷ翴˵
ֻʵһǲп̫죬̫ѡ
ã
˵˵ͷԥؽ̵˶ڣصǬУת崫ͨʮʱпٵȫм񾳡


2039 ·
ߣ
Ҷͷųǿ͸ɫĹѨУտҲûκεıԶȥ
ȵҶ磡
ŷţסҶ硣
ô
˫ҰףݿռҶʵ
ߵ·񲻶ԣڰеȵңһĹ򡣡
˵ţ۵СֿٵŤһӵӡڽ˿ռУǿſռѰȷ·
Լһʱ䣬˫ָҶ磬ȥǱߡ
Ҷ磬Ĺ԰ȥ
ûɶãͣݣȷŷзλ
ĹһĹ
˴ԼʱڶɢŨŨϢĹ֣ס˶ǰе·
ԭĹĹҶռݡǰĹüͷ΢΢һ壬ĵ˵
ȻҾʹĹ
Ȼ˶ǬҶսǺԥĿ齣ĹһĹ顣
̡
Ĺ飬ֲֻ֮׶೤趯ŴǵĹѨҶ˷ײе˻
аɲǧ
ҶѸ˺ǧףٻƷֳ죬һ˳ֻײе棬Ǽҵɱ
ƷħҶķֻĹ̫죬αĴǻǸҶ˲С鷳ޱȼӲħһĺۼ
編࣬ڣ
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գ֮䣬ͱĴ˺ˡ
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飬Ҷ̤벽񾳵ԭʼ̥ٻ˳ֳּƷԼС
Ȼԭʼ̥Ҷ紦ȻΣգֻײеȫѹס˹
Ҷ磬ֻ㣬ڸ紦
ҶЯԭʼֻ̥漤ɱʱĶС
죬ȥ
Ҷͫһλãֱ۱ڽ죬һ̴㡣
ţҶ٣һٺֻ⵽شɱ
ɱһֻ棬Ҷѹֳ񽣣ʣµֻ
ܿ죬ַһֻ㣬Ҷ磬һٻɱ˵ڶֻ档
Լһʱ£ƲҶɹɱֻ棬õޱ
ԭʼ̥⵽Ĺ˺ۣӰǵս
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ʱƣԽԽĹ԰ȴ¶ŨŨ֮ɫƶٶԽԽ֣Լ·ˡ
ô
ͻȻֹͣУɫصҶɵߣʵ
ݵ·⣬Ӧ·ˣ˫ָ̬ΧĻ˵
·Ҷüͷ΢΢һ塣
ţûиоǰߣӦþ͵Ĺ˵ͷôãܿһȦ
Ȼоǰ㣬û߶ãǷĹ
⣡
ȷԼ·ˣüͷšһϥԭأһݿռһ߻䡣
֮ʣҶϥߣݡ
ҶĹ԰ݿռѰ뿪Ĺ԰·ʱ̫һ˴Խ˺ɫɽ֣Ĺ԰⡣
ţˣѾ뵽Ĺ԰У
̫컹̫죬̫ʱڣ֮ĹΧΪ˽⣬񾵣µҶһѾ뵽̺ŲͬռĹ԰С
ߣ׷ǣ񶨽Ǵңڷаг˴ľħһɭȻ˵
߰ɣĹ԰
̫Ź֮˫ָ̬̫壬ħ߽Ĺ԰УĹ԰Ҷ˿


2040 ֶ
Ӧöˣ
һʱҰ׵˫ָ̬ҶϷȥ
ŷţһ𴫽Ƕ˶С
ƮĺҶ˷ǰһɫ̶̶룬һ׶ߣɫϸҶֲֲ֮Űɫʵ
ʲôʵ
ŷҷ˱ǵѵһ·ҶоŰɫʵֵܸߡ
Ҷ磬ȲҪͻȻץסҶĴ֣ҡҡͷԼֲǲʵģ㿿ܿΣա
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Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬Լٵݣ˰ʱʱҲе˶ɡ
̺Ļ򣬾ȻԵĸ֪
Ҷû뵽Ĺ԰еﶼ˵Ĺǿ󣬾Ȼԡ
ͨ񣡡
ȻҶ緢֣ǰֲαװ̬ܾ߱ǿĹԣҶ绹Ǿǿнժߣһû̶֮ϵֲ
ণ
꿴ƺΣյֲͻȻ˴̶Ĺ׵ͻȻĹͷſѪڣҧ
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ǣ
齣ǿ£ޱȼ͵Ŀռѿ˵ѺֲۣĽݺݵնֲϣնˡ
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Σʱ̣Ҷ罫ٻǿԣԻ˿ռڶһֻֻµĹˡ
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ԽԽ籩ҶȴäĿܣΪһܣǼпʧĹ԰Уֻȫ
ҲȥǬУҪҡҡͷᶨ˵籩ĳ֣п˺ƿռ򣬸Ǵ뿪
Ǻãұ㣡
˵ţҶ罫һʯٻ˳Ĳ˵ϣǿлеķа飬بţǳ
λҵ籩
Ҷóֱ˷ˣԼַһţʯ֮󣬲м䡣
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ͻȻðȵӳڵĿռ䣬ŲϹڷ硣
ļ󣬲ϼǱķʱͩľģܻԼǿ̺һɱƿͻƵڡ
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ͻȻҶ磬ͬʱ˽յ˫Ĺ԰
ǿ֪£Ǹо̫죬̫Ϣ֣Լٶǿ


2041 ʯ
̫죬̫ˣǱҪ뿪ȻǾ鷳ˣ
ȻͻƵڣ̫죬̫ȣвԽʵ࣬οǶһͬ֡
ʱ뵽һ⾳УҶεĺ޷ѡ
ҵˣ
һͳԶԶش
ȻƲȴҶ
һ̣ҶͷǰΰӰ
žվ֮ϵ̫̫죬ҶͷͻȻһִĸоÿһϢ·ѹɽ޵еİռ䣬£Ҷ˲ĤݵĴ
ˣٸһᣬϳ񣬱һ
ųһ˵̫Ŀϵؿŷ񣬾°˵
ߣҲ᳼ӣһǿ˵
ӡˣѵûп͸𣿡̫ҡҡͷ磬޺޻һУΪһĿģǾǳֻҪΪף˭ں̡
̫죬̫Ϊ𣿡Ϊ֤ʵеĲ²⣬Ҷʵ
Сӣ㲻̽ǣɫ۵̫쿪˵˭ܳ񣬶һӦòĵġ
Ϊһɱң
ȻҶ֪Ҫ̫죬̫ǰļʮֵãǾðһԡ
ڱǰûϣ̫ЦһҪл㽫ľ͸ǡ
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ĹʯڣҶ緢ʯϿ̻ŲٹϵĹƣЩޱȣ͸Ŵ⾳
û߶ãҶߵĹһ޴ʯס

Ҷ˫۱ڽƿ˺صʯţ߽һϵС
Ҷֳ¹ʯӳʱֱһʯ룬һޱȾ޴ɸߵʯףʯ׵Χźܶǧ򼡣
Щǧ򼲻ͬ磬£вһܡ
˺Щ򼽻ң
һðȵķɱһֻֻײеǧ򼣬Ǽ
Ȼ֮ܺĹռӰ죬޷ǿսϾͻƵڣս˽ٱ
͵Ĺ£һֻֻײеǧ򼱻˺ѣڻһſ̺
Щ̺ԶԶҶûҪ÷ȫˡ
Լһʱ䣬нʮײеǧ򼱻ɱǵҲɡ
ɱеǧ򼣬ɸߵʯԣȼ˫΢΢˺ƽƣƿ˺صĹ׸ǣӡ˲֪µʯס


2042 
໣
׸Ǵ򿪣ʯдһײеĺĺڹʯףȾռ䡣
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Ҷһ̣ͬʱʩչͨͬһʱ乥ȥ
䣡
Ȼɵռȫһֲ̫صĿռ䱻֮ͨ䴩µĹݺݵغɵϣķɡ
ɹɣҶͷʤ׷ϵغɲͨĹɣѰϵ㴴ᡣ
Ҷ˲ϧĹ£ɵһδ飬ս׸ǲѺۡ
ȫ£ҶҲ͵ķˣԽԽء
ҵˣɵСܻСƵȫ֮Ӧ£ڷɵ㣬֪Ҷˡ
ã
֪ɵ㣬ҶԥٻƷаɲǧѹɣǿж
Ҳһ̣ںһ𣬴ѹ֮ɡ
䣡
ڷƷȫѹ£ɵжܵ˲СӰ졣
ץסѵõĻᣬҶ֮ǿĹ˳ȥɵС
ͣ
񽣹£ɵСȫ֮Ҳ˵ǰ㣬˲ˡ
ӣ𣡡
ڵϵر飬񲻶ϼӵһٺɣɱ


2043 ħ
ţʲô
ھɣһöɫ̻Ź·Կиֳ
ӦǴ򿪺֮ĹڿռԿס̤գ˹ҶнӹԿףϸһ˵
ô˵ӵԿףǾܽ뵽֮ĹڿռˣҶ羪ϲʵ
˵ҡҡͷҪҲҪҼԿײУһһԿֻܽһˣ鷳ˡ
ҼԿףҶüͷšһ
̫죬̫˾Ĺ԰УʱпϣʱѰԿ׵ķ̫
顢ĵĴҶ־ڱصãԥһ£Ҷٻ飬һöռ䴫ͷĹѨеȴ
Ҷã̫죬̫ˣҲ̫ܽһĿռ䴫ͷ֮زز
ȥڶĹ꣡
ռ䴫ͷ飬ҶӲȿͭŽͺڽҶ뿪Ĺ꣬һĹȥ
Ĺ԰󣬾Ĺ԰еĿռһȫ·Ҷһ˻ǻʱ䣬Ĺһڴҵ˵ڶ޴Ĺꡣ
ѰĹ;Уа̤һͻƵڣս˽ٱ
аͻƣҶ˵ʵȴȻ޷̫죬̫вǶˣҶΣ
ߣǽȥ
Ҷ緢Ĺƿڽƣаһ߽ɭĹС
ţĹеĹϤ߽Ĺ꣬۾ͻȻˣǸĹĹҲǸĴ
ߣǸϿȥĴǸ棬Ҳҵϵ㣡
˵꣬Ҷһ˼ӿ˽Ų˳һʯĻȣϵĹꡣ
ĹḶ́Ҷһ˲̺Ĺֳ湥ŷаͻƣЩֳ޷вǣնɱˡ
ԼһʱҶһĹʮɸߣ̻Źϵƺͼڵʯš
ûʯϵĵǸ棡ǰʯϹϵĵơԴϲ˵
ƣ
ٴӡһڽʯУƿʯŷӡ
ţҶ˫۱ڽ֮ƿӡĺʯţ뵽˳ŨŨС룬ڷһ̻Ŷħͼڵʯס
ЩͼѵʯзӡǶħʯױԼһʯϿ̻ĶħͼڣԼµʯзӡǺˡ
ħħʵΣ
ҶħȴδԶħ˽⡣
ħһǸ涼ÿһħսʿսԶԶҾһ壬Ҷħһʮֵǿ󣬿ǿħһ޷𣡡ϸĽܵ
޷Ƕħһ𣿡Ҷ۾һɣʵ
֪ҶԶħһ˽Ҳ٣֪Ҫɱħֻдҡҡͷ
ħصԿױҪõ
Ҷһߵʯԣֳ죬ǿƿʯеķӡ
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ʯ׷ӡ飬һɿֲаʯ˳ޱȼӲʯ˵Ѻۡ
䣡
ʯ飬һ㹻ɣȫɫһԶħǣһѪɫᣬ̬аЩƵĶħҶǰ
ڵĶħ
Ȼħ棬Ҷ绹ͨɢϢоʵ൱ڣȸոͻƵķаҪǿἸ֡
ҶɱɲͬҶڶħڸоǿ֮Ҳ˵ǰĶħǻģɸѶԸ
飬žһѪ
ħѪɫߵ۾ײе
˵ͷ
ҪѪѪ׸Ұɣ
һħһУȷžһѪħſѪڣȶѪɫ
аն
ħѪϮаǰֳаն˶ħҪˡ
ħ֮棡
ͻȻһѪɫ·Ĳӷɳ˶ħͣ²ϵر󣬷նİа
䣡
ײһܲѡ
аǱħһýڽڰˡ
ٶ㵽Զħˣ
Ҷû뵽ħս˱뺷ٻаɲǧסԶܵҵĽֲˡ
˵Զʱ仯ǿսֳ̬ӹ˶ħ
䣡
öħаҽ֮ʣӺݺݵײ˶ħɫϡ
ӹħǿ׳ˣδˣҶظоħ֮Ŀֲ
Ѫȼգ֮ģ編ںϣ
ʶħĿֲҶ˲ںƣʵм£ֳն˶ħ
Ҷ˵ĹħĹƲҵɱϵƻ˵Ĺơ
Ҷ˺ʹʱħ꺣ͻȻӳһ⣬һֻɫĽӳĻ꺣֯ޱߵĽâնҶˡ
ɫ꣡
նĳɫ꣬Ҷ۾ɵùԲû뵽ħȻ˽ꡣ


2044 ħ
а񣬶ħǶԸѹɫ꣡
ɫвҶ綣һſ˽֮ǿеס˳ɫĹֳ񽣣ȫ˳ɫꡣ
ҶϮǼߵĳɫ֯Ӱ紹٣ϵرѽ֮Ҷ缤ҵĽ֡
ǿɫ˰ɣ
Ҷû뵽ħȳ̶ȣﵽˮ׼Ҳᶨѹɫ꣬漶ͷ
ԭʼ̥
ԭʼ̥ʯ֮ܺĹӰ죬ǳֳ֣Ʒȫɫꡣ

ԭʼ̥ȫʱҶ˲ûһͬɫꡣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ɫĹƱѹƣһصĹϵرѳɫ꣬ˡ
Ҷ粻ϵشɫ꣬а֣ȴ޷ѹƶħ
ӵ޵޵еĶħаʹĹ޷شɷһеķ𣬶޷˶ħ
ǿδֲ̫ˣ
а񣬷ԽԽľǸоħҪ鼸ܡ
ħ򣡡
ŷа͵ĹħͻȻſǿĶħ򣬽а档
ħ˲䣬аͬʱſǿҪǿ˺ƶħ
ħ󣬶˳ſ޷˺ƶħ
ڷа񲻶ϵؼ֮ȫ˺ƶħʱͻȻħֳֶħ֣֮ؿռ䣬˷
ȻͻƵڣħ֮濰һܼ֮ޣԻ
Сģ
Σʱ̣а˷ǰԼĲֵ֮ħ֮Ĺ
أ
ܶħ֮һаǿ׳ˡ
а񱬿˲䣬ı֮Ѫڽ˰аУаеĵƣն˶ħ򣬽ײеĶħն˻ȥ
Ѫ޸
аն˶ħʱа񼤷˲Ѫٵ޸壬ٻذаħ͵Ĺ
֮
Ҷ翴а֣޷ѹƶħϵ֮ȫѹɫ꣬ҪսپС
ɫ꣬飡
ħоɫҶ磬ԭʼ̥͹£ԽԽأ뽫ɫٻ
оħٻɫҪɻȥ
ɵûȥ𣿡Ҷͫһĸֳ壬£ɫˡ
һ̣Ҷԭʼ̥뵽У֮ȫɫꡣ
ǼƷɫɫɣټΣգпܱɫ𻵡
ʱ˿̣Ҷ˲ôˡ
⵽֮ѹɫ귢֯ɽâ絹ӣϵƻĿռ䣬Ҫ˺ƾĿռ뿪
ץסɫƴĵĻᣬҶ磬ԭʼ̥͵ĹĻ塣
Լһʱ䣬Ҷ磬ԭʼ̥ϧ£ɫܲסڱˡ
ţҶ罫֮ݵ£ǿѹסҪܻĳɫ꣬漶ٻ漶Ѹٵɳɫꡣ
⵽漶ɣɫҵķκĻ屻򱬣⵽֮ѹ޷漶ɡ
ܿ죬ɫͱ漶ˣصҶ꺣
һ漶ȫɫ꣬пܽ񽣻ꡣ
˳ɫ꣬Ҷ뿪֧飬صľģ磬˺۵ķаԿħ
ֶħ𣿡
Ҷ緢ַаƶأӵ޵Ķħȴܵˣʱе֣Զ
ûУҸоħû㣡˵ͷ
û㣡
Ҷüͷšһħû㣬ƾ֮Ҫ򱬶ħѶ̫
ԣħû㣬㼫п꣡
ͻȻҶԺһԼµ˶ħڡ
Ϊ֤ʵԼĲ²⣬Ҷ÷аһͬħԴ
Ҷһ⵽ҶͬʱԴħֳֶħ֮ȫԼԴĻᡣ
ȻԴǶħ㣡
һ֣ҶֳħԴ
Ϊ˼ԴУħòķӰս
أħĹƱҶѹƣȶ쫷ѪɫǱ˺˵ѺۣѪƶٶȡ
𽥼أħֳֶħ֮ƴعֲĹͬһΡĸɽ£Ҷ˴˼ѹ
Ϊ˻ɱħҶ˽ҧأûʹħԹѪս
ʱһһ룬ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
Ҷ˵Ʋϵؼأħͬأص㹥Դ˵ѺۣռǱ˽֣Ļ֮˵ѺۣƻĲӣʱݡ


2045 ɱħ

ħһеĶħ֮һǰɱ⣬ֱӴҶ塣
أ
ҶſĽ֮˲飬µĶħ֮ҫ֮⣬ֱӽҶ̱ˡ
Ҷ˲䣬а񣬷˫˫޵һĬĹ˶ħ˫˫
໣
˫⵽ħʹİѪܿƵ˳
ͨ
ħ˫ʱħ̱֮ҶͻȻʩչͨٵ޸塣
һ̣ı֮ѪڽУ֮ն˶ħԴ
˫ˣ󽵵͵ĶħķӦԤеΣգʱںʱ񽣺ݺݵնԴϡ
꣡
ħ޵УԴȷǱ񽣹Դѿ˵ѺۣǱˡ
ɻԣ
ħԴѣҶһɻٻ˳˶ħԴʴħĻ꺣ʳꡣ
ȻҶ֪ԲԿƶħԵĹȴܴħսԼջɱѵĻᡣ
ǳ֣
ʩչͨ޸壬ҶаʹĶħ
⵽ɻʴħòɢľԣս½ȫҶѹס˹ơ
ħ𣡡
ֵסҶ͵ĹԴԽԽأĶħ˴ı֮Ѫħ£ȫֵҶ˳ˮĹ
ħſħʱҶͬʱſײȥ
䣡
ĴײһҶ˳ſͬʱıը֮ħ˴Ѻۣ֧顣
аն
ħѣа񲻹ɣϵа뱾ѪŰаƣһʮɳ޵ݺݵն֧Ķħϣһƿ˶ħնʹĶħ
ˣ
⵽аһħӴ岻ϵغˣһѪݹ壬Ľڽڰˡ
֮
ħаȫնˣǿ֮˶ħԴֻҪԴ꣬սɱ
սҡ
Ҷ˲ϵؼǱʩչɱУϵع⵽ʳʹĶħޱȼӲԴѣһħ
Ҷ磬Сģ
ͻȻԶɫ΢䣬Ҷ˴
䣬ħб޵еѪ֮緢Ļɽ壬ߺҶˡ
ȻҶѣʱ㣬ħѪֲ̫֮ǷΧ̫㣬㲻
Σʱ̣аԼҶǰӲɱڴܵѪһ
أ
аһα򱬡
а֮ƴҶȴһ١
ʩչѪһħ˲սһ½
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а񼤷Ѫǿ޸ʱҶ񲻶ϵʩչɱУĶħ
ڽ
ħڽڰʱҶٻɱɣõӲȿĺڽ˶ħ
ħ̫أѪɫǼն㲻ڽס塣
໣
⵽ħ˷ŭƴطҪ˺ڽ
̫أѪ֮ؿգ޷ڽ
ץסħȫڽĻᣬҶͷȫ֧ԴձӲԴ
أ
ħԴɻԣͬʱҶͷʩչɱн飬ǿ׳صصѪУеٵʧ
ɱˣ
Ȼɱħ˷ɻԣһжֵõġ
Ҷ粻ڶħϣҵ˵ڶԿףõȼĶħ֮棬͸بš
ǰħ͸ˣӦл̤񾳣
Ҷ罫ħʬսǬ͸弶澳
ħһսҶ磬а񣬷˼أаһδαħ͸֧˲ѪҪһʱ䡣
ҶҲ漶ɫںϣǬʮʱٿռǱ޼ա
ʱһȥˡ
죬Ǭйȥһʮ졣
һʮУ漶ɹɫںһʵɱ䣬һɫâ½棬Ҳ£ﵽˮ׼
ȥĹ꣡
ָƵҶ磬һ뿪Ǭ뿪˶ħĹ꣬ǰ˵Ĺꡣ
ΣãһĹ꣬˴ˣտҲûйŹ׺Կס
СĹ԰ʱĹʱڵĹУǸоϢһڵľħ


2046 Ĺ
ħ񣬻һħĹУ
Ҷͷǿ͸ĹУо˾ħϢ
˾ħоһڴܣ֮⣬Ҷûиоˣ˼ɲѵ̫죬̫첢ûĹ֮С
ʯӡ
ҶһٻޱȾ޴ʯӡסĹڣһĹȥ
ʱħħһֻɽСƤ֫һ㣬ȶĳᣬӵĸ׳۵޼ҵɱ
ɶ޵ķôôǿ޷ƿķ
ֳ쳤꼤ҹľħ֣ľ쳤նڻϣȻ޷չ壬ԽԽľ
ֳαм񣬸޷˺ޣͷŵĻ֮ˣܲѡ
ħ֮ħ
ħſǿħ֮ݻħӰ͵Ĺޡ
мҲ۳ŵɱ¾ȦĹ£ֳαȫĹ
µĻֲ̫ħʹ޷ش
Чħ˲òٻһĵƣ֮ޡ
ħĵףǾħϣһħ⻯
ٻħ⻯޵ĹƱѹˣħĹϵ˺ƻ޵ơ
໣𣡡
Ƽأȫŭ˻ޣͻȻͣѿѪڷ˴ʯ𣬷·ռ飬ЯħϮľħϡ
ˣ
ܻ޷һ𣬾ħ⻯һ£ѺӣħԼмܣǱһʹ಻ѡ
ٹҪһ˿ϢĻᣡ
ħ⻯ƣϵʩչħͨŻޡ
ħҲҧأȼǿѪսȫ
ھħڻɱȻʱϢҶĿ˹
ޣﾹȻǻ޵ĹѨ
͸ʯŷ϶еľҶ¶֮ɫһֻɵĻޡ
еļɱҶûäĿĴȥȴŻᣬ׼ܾٳ֡
ʱһһܿ죬ʱȥˡ
ڼҵɱУ޵Ʋϵؼأħ⻯Ҳ֧飬ʱ顣
ħмƸأмѪģֵס޵Ĺ
ɽ壡
Ӵ֮ͻȻ󣬱һޣŽʮڽײ˾ħˡ
ۣ
ħ⻯ԼħȻԵʵֵס˻ɽ幥мȴδֵܵסɽ˲䱬˳ȥһײ顣
ｻǣٳȥˣ
ом̫أ޷֧ȥħ
ã̫ϳϣһʱһ
ħҲûǿţѸٷ浤Ѹٷɳ˲Ѻۣʱܵ
ɳ˲䣬ĸ֪ͻȻΣգɫ΢΢һ䡣
ܵҪ˻صʱһֱȴҶһ
һ񣡡
Ҷֳ񽣷Ӷݻ޵еɱһŲʵ⣬ħ
Ҷɱһħȫ㣬ʵ̫ˣǼ޴򱬣ƶٶܵ˼Ӱ죬㲻һ
ͣ
񽣴壬ֲ֮˲뵽壬Ѫģ嶴Ѫ
񽣻꣬ն
ţɫ񽣻ӳҶĻ꺣Ŵ֮⣬һնԴ꣬ɱ
ʲôˡ
޼ҽֵľħ񣬾ħ⻯ͻȻоħɱһġ
ƣ
ħ˷֮ʣʩչ˾һĻ֮ӿ֮ߺ˾ħˡ
Σʱ̣ħ⻯˾ħǰӲơ
䣡
ܻƹħ⻯屻ˣħҲǿķ֮ˣصײһ׳ʯϣѪ
ħ⻯˲䣬Ҳ޷һ˺˻Сɽ壬ش꣬޴˳ȥ޴ײҵĲ
ħܾʱҶٻа񣬳ڴ˾ħ·
ħּˣϴˣα񶨽ң
ŲɱһĹ֣Ư۾͸ŨŨɱ޲ýǧС


2047 նɱħ
ôǣ
ͻȻֵҶ磬а񣬾ħĵ뵽˵͹ȣû뵽ڹϣҶˡ
ˣʧȥ̺ƣħ֪ԼҶ˵Ķ֡
ôˣؿ˵ɱҷһʱӦ뵽Լһ졣
ǲҪţ̫峤̫峤ڸɱңҲ뿪
֪ڽӵľħûģѸٷ˴浤ǿѹƣӲ˵
𡭡
˵֮ʣħ⻯һɵĻ޷˹Ҷ˷˷ŭĺ
磬ٳ
ҶبŽʯޣǬٻ˳ֵ˴ɻޡ
ŵһͬʱסˡ
磬滹лڣɻ޿磬Բ۾¶һ˿֮ɫû뵽Լ֮ʣܼԼˡ
ͬ뵽֮УԴĸȥǵһμޡ
а񣬳ڻɱħ񣡡
֮ʣҶħ񷢶Ҫô˻ᾡ콫ɱ
Ѫȼգ
һߣħϧ۵ȼȫѪ֮ǿѹסƣֳ־쳤꣬Ҷ˼ɱһ
ħȻʵֲųħ֣а˫˫̤ڣʵ
ټֳ񽣵Ҷ磬ħĹƱ˲ѹƣڽڰˡ
Ҷֻɱħʱ
֮ʣɻ۾еĵԽԽ
󱲣ǰܼ㣬ҵǲǰһݴԵɣɻ۾͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
棬㲻һܾȻ㣬ʹҡͷ˵
ûõģɻҡҡͷҵߵ˾ͷ񣬷ûܾȻҡ
ˣҪٶ˵ˣڽȫѪ壬Ǳ̤񾳣
˵ţɻ޽ס˻磬ʩչطͨǿнȫѪС
棬ҲҪѪ翹˵
ɻ޲ΪϵؽǿĻѪ壬Ǳٵʵ
ŴѪʧɻӴ忪ʼήʵҲԽԽ
ѪĻ磬ȴԽ˰벽һδγ񾳽硣
ִⷢɻ޵ľٶҶ糹׷޵н壬ںϽ֮ȫħ
죬ĸͬʱն䣬ħն˳ȥؽϣ㽫
Ҷһɾħӣаͬʱ䣬žħ壬ƣǿħ֮Ѫģ
ۿصľħҶ˻ɱͻȻҶоԼӡĹʯһ£һʵֲĸ֣ȫʯ
̫죡
ͨʯϵӡǣҶоʯ̫졣
а̫ˣȫɱħ񣡡
Ҷֵ̫Ϣ˷ˣϵĹȫħ
ʱں˴ɻȫѪ֮ͻƵ¼񾳣ҲڻѪɱ£ʵķԾǴﵽڽԶԶسҶ硣
󱲣ԿԼ񸫾͸ˣϣ˲㱯ңҲϣгһգ漫£⸴һһ壡ȫѪ壬ݵĴɻ˵
ģҷһ⸴һһ壡仯ΣĳżĴɻ޹Ŀͷŵ
ã㣡ɻ¶ѵõЦݵ
䣡
ͻȻĹıʯܲס̫ĹȻˡ
һߵľħ񿴵ϣϧ۵ļȼȫҶ˵Ĺ
죬˭ûãɣ
ͻȻǿ֮˾ħ
Ҷ磬аҲһ̣ʩչɱУ˾ħ
һʱ䣬ħǰĿռҵطֲ·ռֱӽû
䣡
⵽Ҷǿħķ飬µĹֱӺ壬䵽ϣѪ硣
ľɣ
ھħǿ֮ǿ޸ƵʱҶٻ˻編࣬Ʒ仯ΡߴĻľɫ룬˾ħУɡ

⵽ľɣħ־Ĵǿƴ
ڷаѹ£ħķԽԽձѹɻľɣԽԽή
ھħ񼴽ľɳ˸ɣɥȪʱʵֲ޵̫ˡ


2048 ̫
̫峤ң
ԽԽήһߵľħ񿴵̫ڹؼʱ̳֣һ˿⣬

̫۾ɱһ޵е壬˻籩ϯҶˣҪ塣
ɵĻ籩ϯҶʩչǿĹȫ
Ĵ뱾֮Ѫ£ӳ޾⽻ӳĴ֮ݺݵغڻ籩С
̫ʵֲ̫ԶԶˡ
ƴȫĹ޷˺ƻ籩
ۿ˱ɵĻ籩ϯ棬ҶƻľɵԼǰҡҷŻй⣬ֵ˻籩
磬ٹǱҪ뿪
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Ȼʵǿ󣬵ʱȴ޷ҶˣҲûţޱٻĹ죬Ĺ֮⣬һ޴Ҫ֮赲̫죬̫죬ΪҶȡĲʱ䡣
Ҷһ߲һ߽ʱֹܿȥ졣
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ãǾʱ䣡
Ҷ罫Լĸȫٻͷǰһ̫죬׼ƴʱ䡣


2049 Ӳ̫
ԽԽñԾˣû뵽ǲȱ뵽ҵԿף
̫ĮؿҶˣ߽˷µС

̫߽˲䣬󣬿ƴ׹ķǣ̫죬ܽסʱ䡣
ߣҲңǲ̫һЩ̫һдĴ֮籡ϣ˹Σֱӽ顣
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Ȼ̫˺һɫȴ쳣ѿ
֮۵ˣЩջ

̫һȭµȭâֱ˺Ĺޱȼ͵Ŀռ䣬ױȵƻҶˣҪһȭ顣
໣
ʱʮ޵ٴη˾ŭ𣬻޵еХ̫һȭ֮һνˡ
ʮ޵ܣɣ
ȫƿϴһӵӡһµĹڽʮ޵УȫΧ̫졣
̫Ȼʵֲʮֻڲͬ棬ǰȫﵽʵļ£ֲǺ̫˲С鷳ȫ뵽ΧУ޷Ҷˡ
ץסʮΧ̫Ļᣬٵҧָ˾޴ĹϣԼѪԼգǿдĹ֮š

оĹ֮ӿһɹ̫ŭˣֳֿռľȫΧʮޣȫһֱɱֲֻޣǳѪ
һ̣ʣµ޼һ뵽ΧУ޷
̫ԽԽŭٻһߺɫķȫɱΧʱĹĹͻȻ˴Ŀռ֮¶һ׵Ŀռڶ
Ҷ磬ߣ
ռڶ֣Ҷûκεԥ̫칥ǰ뵽˺ĹУ̫ץ


2050 ĹԴ
ڽ뵽ĹˣյĽ뵽ĹҶ糤һµ˵˵̫᲻ǿкĹŽ
ᣡҡҡͷ̫ʵǿӦûʵƿĹ
ǾͺãҶ˵ͷ߰ɣĹ顢ĵʲôԵ
˵꣬ҶĹȥ
ѹֵϢ
źĹеҶĪĸоѹ֣·ѹһɽһִĸо
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Ӧеǿ⣬Ҷ˿гɸߣ׹ɵĹţ޾ǿգ֮⣬֮
ǰĹţҶ֪Ĺڿռ䣬ûäĿĽţĬĬظӦѡʺԼĹš
ѡŰɣиоĹϢҵУҿ԰ﵽǣָߵĹŵ
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ڸҶˣǺܿӦĿռʵҲָԶǿ·ȥ
ŷţͻȻһޱȾ޴ĿռѺ۳ǰסǵȥ·
ţһŮսĴ߳˿ռѺۡ
һΧƣÿһڽ֮أѹһء
ԴǸļ¸־Դ𣡡
һŮɢĹϢµǵݣ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Դ𡭡ԴʵΣ
Ҷʵ˽⣬Դʵս
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࣡Ҷ˵ͷ˺һЩҺͷԸԴ𡣡
˵ţҶںƣս£ٻӭĴԴ
Ҷ˿ĴԴбǿıԴ֮ĴӭҶˣǿ¼ҵɱ
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Դ𣬲սȺǿ£ĸȫһȻ޷̴ս̽塣
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ۣ
񽣣ҶȻֵסдֹǱһˣѪ
Ҷһ˿ϢĻᣬһԴӿǿĲ֮һе췣Ҷ磬һνɣļƷսħ
Ҷ类ԴֻˣȻԵʵδ·磬ĹȴѺƶ˵ķ
Ҷ磬㣡
ҶΣգ̤֮˹
һ̣Ϊһ壬ǿпƹ֮Դ
ûᣡ
Դ˲䣬Ҷȫ֮˼ǿ񽣣һж޵ľԴ𣬽ࡣ
ͣ
ǿһ£Դ౻̴ıԴ֮屬ըٵر塣
ľɣ
ԴʱҶٻ˻編࣬Ʒ仯ΡߴĻľھԴУڵıԴ֮
ÿֲ
ҶľϢϢͨоľɾԴĻ֮ٵطɱ䣬¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
һָоľ㹻ľԴ˵÷ͻƵڡ

ͬ鱻ľɣһԴ˺ƹֱֳԴն˹Ҫľ
ľ̫ǿĹ޷˺ľֺ
ܿ죬ľԴɳ˸ɣһ̺ԴĻ


2051 ĿűԴ
編࣬
£ɹɱһԴҶѹѸٻ˻編࣬һԴսһ

ҶԴͼսʱǿĹ֮һ˾Դ
һ񣡡
Դ𱻸˲䣬񽣻ĸںһĸĹһ˾Դദ
ڽĴ漶ͼԼ֮ͬʱϵžԴϵսࡣ

սϵ飬⵽ĸԴıԴ֮籡壬ݿ˺˹Ҷ˳ȥ
򽣹ڣ
ǿס壬Ҷ缤޵н壬ݻ޵񽣣žԴ࣬Ҫ壬ࡣ
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ԾԴ𻯳ɵĲ칥Ҷս£ʩչͨӭϵ˺ϯĲ졣
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ۿҶ类ϯٴγ֣ǿ򻯳̸ҶΧֵĹ
񽣻꣬ն
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ᣬ֮һ񲻿ɵ񽣣иһе˱ľԴؿڡ
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ҶժµڶŻ͸ʱȴûա
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Ҷûǿ󣬷еĻϥǿУ̺ıԴƣʵ
Ҷǿʱ̫뵽˺Ĺ⣬ٻԶʤ컯̫칥Ĺš
˵Ĺﵽļ£ȴ޷ƷӡĺĹš
վ۷Ķ˴Ϊջ
ǲûзϵٻһѹرƱҪƺĹ뵽棬õ顢µĿԵ


2052 ľ
߰ɣʲôΣյȴǣ
һʱҶ磬ƣǵʵҲڱԴ£ϵ
ŷţͻȻǰĿռˣһΡߴͨɫȼܻĹľƳ˿ռ䣬ҡҷźɫڣסǵȥ·
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ÿֲϢ
ԶԶźӣҶͻȻһ̫ĸоĪĲС
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ӦļԴ൱Բܣ۾ͨ򣬿ӵӵʵʵ
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˳ľģڴɻһĲ࣬Ҷ綯ȫĵƣŽﵽм£ҲǺӵĶ֡
֣лϣ𣿡Ҷһѯʵ
ѣҡҡͷļԴǸ磬ѾĴڣҸоƬǿΪһ壬ԴԴϽǿ֣֮ûлϣ
ȻǾǱһʱ䣬ǽһʵٳ֣ϣһЩҶ˼һ£εؾ
ðɣ
˵ͷǿȥԶǰѣҵһƯʯ棬̺ԴĻʼǿеǱޡ


2053 Ϸ
ʱһȥ
Żȫڴɡ
Ҷһ̺ԴĻȴʼ޷ƾƿԽһ̤񾳡
ǰٶȹ죬˲Ҫʱͻ񾳼ˣ
̺ԴĻ޷Ҷʱ񾳣ֻʵİ취
ȥɱԴ𣡡
޷ͻƣҶֻ취û編ͻƾ磬編ͻƵڣҲܴǿս
ţ
ûһֱĬĬ˫ҶʯǿѰҾԴ
ǿŴľԴҶİĶ˴ʱ䣬ԴĽɱ
ĸԽԽҲԽԽ
һ£Դ޷ӳӦеսȫڱ֮С
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ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
һУҶֻ֣ɱʮԴ۳ʮŻټǰڻľĻһӵжʮһ̺ԴĻ㹻÷̤񾳡
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編ͻƣҶûеʱ䣬ɻصʯϣַȻ뵽֮С
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ҶһһߵȴʱʱðķͻȻɱµʯϵڻռ䶼Ť
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顢ǿߣʧܣӦȥûɱǣں֮ĹǵʵԶԶңӳ˼һ£ǵ˳
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Ҷһȼ˺֮Ѫں֮ԼڵĻ編࣬ʵڴɣ൱
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һ̤ѻǳҫĿİ׹⣬ӳǿա
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һǹ̳˲ںǳ֮ƥǹâ㣬Ҷˡ
һǹҶͷһ޴ĸоƸԵȫ
һǹ̫ˣȫҶͷĴֵס
ۣ
һڿѪǶ˿緢
ӽ̳һǹͽҶ̳ˣɳǧԶ


2054 ֶ
ǿ̫ǿˣӵʵδ̫ǿˣ
Ҷͷ񾭹һʱǱޣʵõԵǻ編ͻƵڣȴһǹֵס̵ᵽʵĿֲ
Ҷ磬㣡
Ҷͷˣɵ˻Ͽգбһƽڡ

˫ֿٵŤһӵӡ֮ŹӲס˻ѣǿж֮ϵ
ĺˣֶιȻ죡
ѱǿнƣ¶һ˿֮ɫûҶͷ񷢶
֮򣡡
򣡡
ϮҶͷͬʱſǿ֮ȫ
ƣ
Ϯ̳һǹƥǹâֱӶ򣬴Ҷˡ
Ĺ½ˣ
ȻһǹƵҶظоĹ½˺ܶࡣ
Ȼѣж֮ϵ󽵵ս
𣡡
ȵķӭȥǿеס˺ӵһǹ
ţ񽣻Ҷնһն˺ӡ
أ
ۿ񽣻նںԴϣͻȻһȭֲȭâֱޱȼ͵ǿգһȭ񽣻Ĺһȭ˳ȥ
򽣹ڣ
һ񣡡
٣
Ҷ̤ͻȻ˺ӣĴ漶ͼݵ£ǿ޵н壬ʩչͨ빥ӵࡣ
䣡
ͨں˲䣬һɳҶıԴ֮籡壬̵ĳˮݿͨɫ䣬ƴҶ硣
ȻҶʱ㿪˺籡ıԴ֮ǱֲˣһѪ˳˳Ʒħǳ˴Ѻۡ

ҶˣʩչֶΣȼѪ֮һֻޱȾ޴Ӱֳ壬ȼ޾𣬹˺ӡ
Ϯû㣬˺ǹһǹӮ
أ
⵽ǹ飬µǹ͸˲Զķֱƿ嶴һѪѪܿƵʳ
ǧȭ
ץסǹĻᣬҶ罫ٶ£˲һǰ˲ǧȭһƬϯ꣬ӡ
ֶεǲʵеˣ
΢΢˺һ˫ǰǿıԴ̫֮ͼֵǧȭ
䣡
ܼıϵ
Ҷǧȭÿһȭâ̺ڽںӽ̫֯ͼʱȴ޷ƿ̫ͼ
ҶԽԽľ֪кεֶνܡ
ণ
ƵҶ繥ʱַϮ˹
ϧ۵һڿڱѪһϵƣ˺ӡ
ѵ˲䣬ֽȫ뵽ͭŽУͭŽ˺ӡ
Է񷢶˫عɫ䣬ٻ˺ĳǹ̳˴Ƶһǹ̷ͭŽӡ
֮
Ƶ񹥻ʱҶǿһȫȫ뵽Уȫն˺ӵദ
編ͻƣҶʩչ֮һ
ǿƵ˺ӴıԴ֮⣬ĺϡ
꣡
һ
⵽ǿһϵĺˣµĽݺݵشϡ
ӵͬǿ󣬿µδ̴ܴࡣ
û뵽㾹Ȼܽһˣ
ʳѪ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҷȴ뵽˵͹ȡ
ֶ֮ΣҲ̣Լѹ׵ĵƣ޷ӵ࣬еС
ûзû͵Ĺ
ʱƣҶͷԽԽأȴԽսԽ£ȫѹסǶ˵ơ
Ҷ磬ߣ
ۿҶ˾ҪܣǶ˶С
ߣ
뵽ֶΣҶͷûκεԥ㿪Ӵ޵ǹâԼٶȷ˱ƵѴ
ܣ
Ҷ֮ʣǹںһ𣬽شƣһǹ˶˵ıӰҪһٽս
ǿһ
ۿҶ˱Ӵ̳޵һǹͻȻѵޱ貵ǿһ

ռ䶼ܲסһֱ˺ˡ
ǣ
ǿһ£Ӵ̳޵һǹˣµǿ֮·ڱ޿ɱܵĺϣֱӷϵսݿƻǿ
ǿյʧʱǿձƻһͿ޵еĺѪģĵ֮⣬ɥʧս֮


2055 
ĺֶιȻ̫࣬Ӯˣ
صӼ򵥻ָһ£ǿıԴ֮»ûһսϣηؿһ̾Ϣ˵
ȻӮˣǲǿԶǽнˣ
崿͸һĨ԰ףļɢ˽ѵĹö˵
һʮǻңÿ˴һ
˵ţſͣ³µʮ
ʮﶼǿĽƷӡҶ˸޷ʵ
ÿֻһ𣿡Щ˵
ţʮͬСɣÿһڸȻ󲨣ֻܴһӵ˵ͷ
Ǻðɣѡǰʮ𣿡崿˵ûбȺӣɨһһſʮ˵
ԣ
ӵ˵ͷ۵С֣һһʮ
ˣǿѡ𣿡
۾һʮ˵
Ȼԣӵ
Ҷ磬ңѡҶͷ˵
ðǾͰˣ
֪ݣҶıŲɣ˵ͷ
Ҷ磬ѡߵѡұߵڶ˵
ã
֪ķҶͷֱѡԼı
ԼѡмǼ
ƣ
ҶָǿֱӴ˽ƷӡһżСޱȾİɫѪҺҶǰ
⣬Ǻ֮Ѫ
ǰİɫѪҺҶ뵽ؿϲ֮ɫ
û뵽ѡģȻԼǿĺ֮Ѫ
֮ͨѪ͸Ѫ֮Ҷоκ֮ѪޱȵľԶԶԼںѪĵȼ
Լܽź֮ѪԼȫл֮Ѫ̤񾳡
Ҷؾϲ֮ɫʱҲ޴ľϲһͷ
Ϊѡģһġ
һҪŴܱ仯ǿУѾߴӵ֮ģȫɵڰ˴ӶԽԲ
ѡʲôѪ
Ҷ罫ĿתƵϣѡıҲһѪֻѪɫѪʵ
ĸѪмôɫƽ˵
ĸ񣿡
ҶͫһɫѪΣ²ӦһѪ
֮ĹйأҶʮԼн˳
û޷õô౦˵Ѿں֮Ĺˡ
ˣѾѡˣȥĵɣͨ顢ĵĿ飬ܵõǵĽ
˵꣬޾ѿһ޴ѺۣѺгһš
ǰǺڣ˵
˵꣬Ҷͨ뿪ǿգ뵽˺Ĺĺĵ
ͬʱ̫죬̫Ȼڲ֪ƣĹĹĹš
ڿռľԼ챦﹥£ĹĹŵѡ
ը
ѣ̫죬̫ޱĽһöö̺ǿķĹĹŴȫ
䣡
öɱܵķըĻӾŹƵٶȣޱȼ͵Ŀռ䶼ڷը£ϵѡ
ɱ¾壬
ɱ¾ۣ֮ɱ
ĹĹŽѵԽԽʱ̫죬̫ٻɱ¾֮Ĺõɱ¾ɱ¾ۣ֮һͬҪһ˺Ĺƣ뵽׷ɱҶˡ
ɱ¾ɱ¾֮۵Ĺһټ̫죬̫첻ϧĹӾĹƵѡ
̫죬̫ļ¹Ȼ޷ĹƵĳܼ£Ȼܲϵ˺Ĺƣȴ޷һٽƵ
أϹ̫죬̫Ҳеƣ
ϱ˺ѵĹȴ˿ϵļޣǶ˵ɫԽԽ
ĹϣǸоԼ޷˺ƽƣ뵽Ĺˡ
̫죬̫һۣͻȻĵ֮籡ǵ壬סռ䣬޷ӵ֮еľ
һ̣̫죬̫˫ֽץһ໥佻ݻһãò޾ɵӰ
ţõӰһɫָ˲ϵĹơ
ǣ
⵽ӰİɫָĹƾҵĲһ£ǿĹԼٶš
գ̺ĹƱµİɫָˣ
߰ɣȥ׷һǵõ֮ĹеĻԵ
ĵƣǿƵĹƣ̫죬̫˸Եĵƣ뵽˺ĹУȫ׷ɱҶˡ


2056 Ϊ
ӣǰһӣ
뵽˺ĵ⣬ԶԶǰһޱȿһ㻺Ĵӡ
ǲǺӣһӰ˵Ҷ磬һʱѪٽĵ
ãҲ˺֮Ѫս顢ģҶ˵ͷ
ʶӵʵҶоʵϵĲ㣬Ҳ˺֮Ѫ񾳣ȥս顢ģʤʽһЩ

Ҷ߽޴һ֮߰ǿ𶯾졣
Ҷ磬Ǻѹ
о˫ֿٵŤ۳Ĺƽ˱ڣǿжѹ
Ҷ磬Ҳ׷ٻԵıſǿǿѹ
⵽Ҷǿѹгһֻ޴ӰſѪڣҶ˷˾ŭ
Ӱң
˫Ϭؿǧ׳Ӱ仯˷˱ӭȥֻӰдս
ʵŷ𣬲Ӱ͵ĹѹӰĹƣĹ

Ӱֵס͵Ĺƽڽڰʱ۳һޱȾ޴ĹӰӴֱӽס

Ӱһȵķ籡ŷһеһײӰ
Ӱ飬궯Ҳʱ
Ҷ磬Ҫˣ
ɹѹһƴĹ֮ΧĿռ䣬ǵصѪ̵˶Уٵ
ǿ
ȻΧĿռ䣬ɫһɲǣҶ绹ظоһηϢ˳
ѵ𣿽һϢҲĤ֮ģ
ҶһԶеǧ⣬ޱȾǿĺ֮Ѫ˳̵ֱ˶С
ˣ
º֮ѪҶоԼ·һȵ̫Ѫ֮бֱӽޱǿſˣѪ˿͸ȫë˳
編࣬ѹ
͵ԽԽȫľǱ֮Ѫͷŵ˺ѣҶƻ編ǿѹź֮Ѫ
ڻ編ѹ£֮ѪͷѪ֮ٶȲϵرž޴ʹҶȫǱ֮ѪͷŵѪ֮
Ҷ磬˫˫뵽֮ʱʼ
ড
ޱǿ֮ģһֱʣҰĿռȾ˳ɫ
ţ֮ܵӿ
ں㹻֮ʱ屬ˣһȼյķ
ڷУһŲ֮Ĳϵͷǿ뵽ʬУŷ壬ɵڰ˴
ʱһȥ
Ҷںĵʱ̫죬̫ԵʵǿУϵػɱǵĵˣǿվͷȥ
ǿ̫ˣûȲ͸򣬵³ٳ޷ҵ뿪ǿյĳڡ
ʱƣǶҲʧȥģʼͷж֮ĹǱ졢ħĴطҶ˴ر뿪Ļᡣ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
ͻȻԡе֮ˣȼյںһ
һ̣ԽԽһ
أгһֻޱȾ޴ķӰ֮Ƿ뵽ӰУӰ塣
ڣһֻޱȾ޴ɢʥ֮С
ণ
һ߰ķ졣
ںģ˺嫵֮ʵɱ䣬ɱǿһٿԽ̤뵽Բ
Բļ£Բ֮۷壬󾳽磬ԷʵѾȫʵ̫̫ˡ
ʥ𻯳һϼ£ϥм̾硣
̾ʱͻȻһǿѡ
һź֮ѪҶڵĺ֮ѪȼΣﵽ֮Ѫȼ¡
ǿĺ֮Ѫޱȼѵĳ˾ƿ̤뵽񾳣ں֮Ѫ£ﵽ˿ֲڽ
ˣ
Ҷ̤񾳵˲䣬ͻȻ˴󣬹֮ӿһ޵񽣣ϵعҶ磬Ҫӵк֮Ѫʵ̫Ҷٵ
֮ѪҶĸ̫ףʵ˰ٱࡣ
Թ֮û񽣣Ҷ粻ܣһ񽣹֮̾硣
Լһ·ܶǿյĽâ籡Ҷ壬һ˺ͷ㼯Ĺ֮ơ
Ҷͻ¼ûãҲصѪ
ȻѪʵûоʸӵĳҶͷһָо˴ջĲԼҲǷ񣬶


2057 ŭ
߰ɣǽĵ
˽յ˫Ӱ㻺ߵҶߡ
֮䣬Ĺ֮ϵӿΧûֻ󣬳ӵĳ
ﵽʲôˣ
Ҷʵ˺棬ʵ
Ҷ磬ҵľȽ⣬ĸѪҾһ˿Ѫ֮ԹƿظǿˣӦܰǻܺģʵ˵
뿪˺ĵʮɸߣɽһ㣬̻Ź·Ƕֻʨͷĵ£ɽѹ͸ӿǡ
֮ǿ۷澳ܿ¶ܱѹ⣬Ҷȴûв
ſֲѹҶ˫۱ڽƶʮɳĵţǿϵ˺ƵŽƣڽصĵһƿˡ
߰ɣǽĵ
ӭӿĹϢҶ߽˺֮Ĺصĺĵս֮Ĺ˺顢ġ
顢ģ
߽ĵҶ翴ޱȵĺĵ㹻ɣ²ŴĹ֮⣬ɽһ㣬ΨҶ𣬲иоӡ
ţӦþǺ顢ģ
һ˫յӣĿתƵںĵ룬һĵϡ
ǵ𣿡
ĿһֱһӵĵܣҶ練Ӧûвкر֮ʵ
游ĵܣ
Ư˫гԵ˹˵ԡ
游޶ۣôòģһͨ飡ḧصܣ۾͸ޱȻ֮ɫ
֮Ĺ游µİɣĻ뵽ݣҶͻȻһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
֮Ĺ游ģ游µĻԵͨ顢ĵĿ飬ܵõ游ĻԵӶصǸ棡ҡҡͷ
˵лܺ顢𣿡
Ȼں֮Ĺõ˿Եʵõ˼ÿһ֮ʵ඼ܴ󣬶Һ顢ĻˣҶоԼͨ顢Ŀļ΢΢
ܣһܻܺ顢ġһᶨ˵
ȻģǾȥս顢İɣҶһ
ȵҶ磬һݻԵ͸ǣܷõͻȻ
ʲôԵҶ磬üͷһƣˢˢ
Խ󣬺֮ĹеĻԵԽܵõպȶ֮۵İܴ
˵ĻԵ游УܷӦḧ񣬺˵
ã
Ҷͷ໥һۣԣִ

˲䣬ҶоһԼ壬һ¡
екλԵأ
ıҶ۾Լٵݣǿһ֮͸
ܶȼµ͸Ҷ粢٣Լݣһ͸
أµ͸УҶ֪һ޵Ŀռ䣬ռڣ˴ɫС֣
ھ
ҶǿпС֣ЩСһγɵһµĿھ
ھİɣ
Ҷо׿ھ£ÿɫС̺ǿĹ֮Խо׿ھ򵥣һеǿļǿнһſŰɫС֣ӡС
ЩС̺Ĺ̫֮£ҶÿһС֣оԵʹΪ˵õԵҶžʹٵؼ䣬ʮŰɫСǿӡС
Ҷ磬ס𣿡
߿Ѫɫɷ׵Ҷ磬ó׵ΪøɾϵѪգʵ
סˣ
Ҷ糤һ˽յ˫
ȻʵԶҶ磬ûԣ겢δ͸УԵ
Ҷ磬㳢£游ʽܲɣ˵ܻܺ顢ģ˵
ã
뵽游ݣҶ򵥵Ϣָһ£ϥڵϣԿٵ
٣
Ҷ罫ӡеİɫСһʱµ꺣и֣Ҷһ飬֪֡
١
Ҷɱ¾֮ĹвͨҲ֡
ѵͨһҶв²һ
Ȼɱ¾֮ĹһֻеҲ󣡡
Ҷٶȴ
¡¡
Ҷ粻߲ݵĲʱĵ˾޴
̫죬̫ǿգ˺ĵ⡣
Ҷ磬ˣ㲻ټˣս顢İɣֻҪսˣǾûлսˡ֪̫죬̫Ŀ£æȫеҶ硣
̫죬̫ˣҶ͵۾վ˵ãȥս顢ġ
˵꣬ߵϥɢɽĸеĺ顢Ķǰ׼ս


2058 ս飬
顢ģҪս㣬
ҧָξѪڽ˺顢ĵĶͷϣ뵽еĶ˴ӳ˯лѡ
ĺˣ
ӳ˯ѵĺ顢ģ˫ʱоͬѰϢ¶˵ɫ
ս֮ǰҪ׼սʧܣᱻɱĺˣҲ⣡ȫűըԼ⣬ںڳɢ˫磬ѱ֮еĺ鿪˵
ǾսҶͬ
սһˣһսĿĺʵ
һս
Ȼ֪ͬʱս顢ĵѶȳɱȴ뽫顢ĵĻԵ̫죬̫죬עһ˵
ȵȡ
ͻȻһ
̫죬̫ƿصĹ˽
ҲҪսɫۣŵ̫֮˵
ˣսʧܣǲܼսһĻĿһ̫ˣһ˿˵
ҽȫɱأ̫Ե˵
Ѿսκ˲˺ǣİԵ˵
ǱͿαסǣ
̫ͶҶ˶ɱͻȻٻҶˣҪһǻ

ͻȻ̤һΡסҶˣżϮ̫˺һȭ
һȭǰĿռ˲ˣֲȭâ·ܶһȭնâ̫죬̫˻ȥ
ܣ
̫һסĿӿѪĵ˼ر仯
̫죬̫ʵǿһֻ̤۷壬вԽĲԼµ顢ĵʵ˲ɵ¶һ˿η֮ɫ
ٷǣһȭ̫ˣİԵľ
ãǵս
̫Ѹٽһ£Ƿ˶Ƶͷûٶ֡
ȻҶʵٶľʶ顢Ķ˵ʵҶ˾ͷۣҲսɹ
ɣ
Įؿһ̫ˣӶһֱֱۣ˺ѵĿռ䣬һصš
סžͲܻͷ޷ǶˣǵĹأ
˵꣬顢Ķ˿ԽصС
Ҷ磬ˣ֪ɵǼɵǾȻеսܣǣõǿյıӦ뿪ˣԶԶؿҶˣ̫˵
ôܾͲսʤҶЦһʾ˵̫죬ұΪһڿֻһСˣ޷̤֮ۡ
˳磬ǲҪϹˣһ죬ŤǵĹͷǶιŲ߸Ļ֣
Ҷ磬߰ɣ˵ǲõ𣿡һԲһ
Ȼ̫죬̫˳ǸҶ˵䳰ȷǻջѡ
ȷʵ˼ɺ顢ĵʵȻ޵ֱȴʼδ֡
˵öԣҧˣ˲ҪҶ˵ͷȥ
Ҷ磬û蹷¶ЦݵȫȻûдսǰĽš
̫ʣ˵ǲǲ֪ĵƣ
ɫɵҶɫ̫ᵽһ˿ѰϢʵ
ֿܣ̫˵ͷɱȻĻ˺顢ģõ˺֮ĹĻԵҲߣһжǡ
ǿգ޾ǿա
߽ţҶ緢Լ޾ǿ£顢֮ǿգĮؿˡ
ңõǵĴУʧ
ٻһƳǹֳͷìԵƥ˵
Ҷ磬һᾡǶ˵ʵȫǵֻ࣬Ҫǵ࣬Ǿȡʤϣϳƿ򣬴
ã
ܷܺ顢ģǹؼֻҪ顢ĵʵǾлʤϣ
ѹ
һ屬ĿĹâǿΪһǿйͨеĹѹ˺顢ġ
ĺˣֶιȻ
оԼͻȻʧȥ˶ǿչƿأ顢ҲɵóֶΡ
ϣ
Ź֮ѹ˺顢ģҶ˲ں˻編֮࣬ģȼǿĺ֮ѪʵԲ
Ҳʱ仯ǿս̬Բս˺顢ġ
ߣΪѹܻǣ
һǿֳ֮ͷìҶ硣

ռ䱻˺ѣʮڽݿһУһì˺ҶͷĹǴ̷˳ȥ
һ֮£Ҷ磬˫˫ˡ


2059 顢޵
ǿѹƣ
Ҷͷ˫˫ˣǿȫںϣǿǿѹ顢ģ̶ǵʵ
ϧ۵ѹ顢ĵʵȻҶ磬̫ࡣ
䣡
޵еĻֺһȭֲȭâռ䣬ռڶһ㣬Ҷͷ񣬱ǲӲӣȫ㡣
Ҷ˲䣬һɫ𣬷Ҷˡ
񾭹˴Ѿֲĳ̶ȣԺɫ𣬻ǸоȼϵĲࡣ
ɫһӴǣ޷ֵɫĹ
⣬ѵǴ˵еĺ𣡡
ŷռ䣬ϯɫ𣬷ܵĸо˿־壬Ҷ˺ǧףҿ
ô쳿磬ų֮һɷһУķ޷ֿû뵽顢ıƣԼȻûжԿǵĻᣬɵҶ硣
Ҫ٣ֻҪȫԸһлᣡ
Ҷһ޵н壬ݻ޵񽣣ն˺УǿϨź
Ҷʩչ򽣹ڣȫʱ޵еĻͻȻҶߣһȭ
ǣ
һȭ£Ҷݻ޵񽣲ϵ飬µȭâһУҶ硣
һȭ̫ͻȻһеȭâ쵽Ҷ޷㣬ֻʩչͨȫֵ
Ҷ֮ʵ̫ʩչֵͨסϵ飬Ǳһȭ˳ȥˣһѪ
ͨ
򱬣Ҷʩչͨ޸˱塣
һȭ֮Դݻĸ޸Ȼء
ţ˼û뵽ʵһȭȻû
˲޸Ҷ磬Į˵͸һ˿⡣
磬㻹ðɣ
ȫϨķҶߣ԰׵ӣŵʵ
û£һܼ֣
ȻҶЩȴûбֳһ
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ãҶҧصʮԪȼա
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񣬲ҪӲǣʱ䣡Ҷ紫
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֮ģ˴֮󣬷ɱٶȸ죬ȫ£ۺĺ֮𣬻ϺĹ֮޷˺Ҷֺ
ҶʵǺƶٶͬ죬ʮʱ£ϵĵ޵֮ȭܵʱ䡣
ߣ𣿡
һͻȻʩչʱͻȻûޱȡ
ٱʱ
ݵԣоһ˲䣬ƶٶȼ˰ٱᵽΣϢӷɿصˣȴ޷㿪Ĵ̳ͷì
֮
Σʱ̣Ҷȫ֮ǿĹն˶ޣ޵йͷì
ˣ
նͷìʱ˲䱬סͷìһ
ҶץסᣬӳǧԶԶʵֲӵɱʵĻġ
ǣ
˫۱ʮڽ֮͵ͷìĹһìĸʩչٱʱ٣Ҷ硣
޵ìǺʧɫ޹⣬ԵƥĹ档
ĶʱԶԶҶ磬ԳԽٱͷìҶ罫Ǭʱľٻ˳
Ȼʱľû˹ʱľȴƻһеʱûĸ޷ʱ򹥻
ʱľ㾹Ȼӵʱľ
ʱǸ棬صĴڣҶٻʱľ¶֮ɫ
ڿʱľ£ĶʱղϱƣʧȥʱĹҶ㿪
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ҶҲź顢ԽԽҵعƣϵؼš
Ƕһδ飬ԽԽأֲסʱͻȻ˽յ˫ͷ㼯ɳĳì˺顢ġ


2060 򱬺顢
֮ìģ
۶ɵĹ֮ì˺顢ġ
ˣ
֮쳹֮أһìһìǺ޹⡣
֮ì֮һſǳֱըѤöʡ
о֮ìȫԼ顢ɫ΢䣬˫˫Ҷ磬ֳƳǹͷìȫ
ǣ
֮ìƳǹͷìײһʱһ
ֲĹ֮ì֮ϵˡ
һ̣֮ìѳĹ֮⣬Ƴǹͷì˺顢Ķˣֱƿǵݺݵش̽壬ǵ̴ˡ
౻֮ì̴顢⵽شڵȫʧأ˺ȫľǿǶ˵ʵٵ½
Ҷ磬񣬺顣ľͽˡ
֮ìɫò԰ޱȣ˷·𱻳ȫеĴ
ã
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ģոǲǴĺˬֵҹˣ
һȭҶĴ󶨣һĳХֳķĹǿ¼ҵɱ
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Ҳ͵ļս޵еĻĸӵĿ£Ȼս轵Թ֮ƿؼټǿĺ𣬸˲С鷳
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⵽𹥻ȼյķ˲ѹˣȵӿ뵽Уϵڻ

ֵס𹥻ͻȻĽĺɵУǿİԡ
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Ŵο޵е˴Σ̺ﵽ缫£ֲ֮ϵɺ𣬽Ӵ÷
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ণ
һ߰ķ
֮ѹ˺ԡɫ΢ĺ鷢͵ķ
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Ҷ⹥ĵ࣬ƣʹûĲòķսһ˥˥
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սȻֲҶ緢һʱ޷ǿ
ʱһȥ
Ҷ磬顢֮սҹ
ʱƣ౻ĺ顢ԽԽأҶͷ޷ջ
ʱָǿȫںϣƮָģĹ֮롣
оƯǿе㼯Ĺ֮ԽԽ࣬顢ЩģҪҶ˻ɱȫ֮ìĻᡣ
٣
ͻΧ֮ʣץסҶʩչԼݣδһ
һ޵еĵϣֲ֮ﲻƣ𣬻һе飬ǿտռ䶼һ»ĩ٣ػΪһ㡣
ҶȻӵк֮ѪʩչһоԼȫȫգޱȣǿĺ֮Ѫһʱ䶼޷ָ

û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼʩչ˻һܵҪ㡣
һûʮǿգĸ޷㣬ֻȫ˲䱻֮˲ˡ
֮УȴɹѷƮ
顢ģǻҪս𣿡
ٿû㣬¶
¶˲䣬ӿֲӾ޴Ĺ֮ìͷ˺飬ԼǱƳһصĻġ
ϲ䣡
¶˰Եһ棬ɫޱĺ飬ģΨҶʵ
ң䣡
Ź֮ì͸Ļ໥һۣ˸߹ͷ­䡣


2061 Ϊ̣Ϊ
Ȼ䣬ǲǿԽ֮ĹյĽˣ
űĺ顢ģ¶˿˵Цݵ
벻սռ飿
̾Ϣһ
˵ռ飬ǲ游µĿ飿ʵ
ǣǽռ飬ȴʧܣǵĽǽ޷ĵõ˵ͷѡԼɡ
ãǽռ飡ԥ˵
Ҷ磬Ҳûзԣ֧ľ
Ͼûǵʵ޷ܺ顢ģ޷õ顢ػµı
Ǹɣ
˵ţ顢ͬʱ֣޾ǿգǿ˺һ޴ȱڣҶһصĿռС
̫ʣⶼʱˣôûѵʵԿ顢ģ
ĵȴ˽ʱ䣬̫췢ֿٳδüͷšһ𣬵˵
ܡǵʵôͨ顢ĵĿ飡̫֪顢ĵʵǺεȵĿֲҶʵͨǵĿ顣
̫ʣѵеǵʵӦý̫ɫص˵
̫˼ǡ
ǸС⣬п֮Ĺйأ̫ͳ˵һɱ˫б
ߣҶţͷҲûãֻҪǳ֣һǣ̫˵
ţĻԵǵģ˭Ⱦָɱ⣡̫˵ͷɱȻ
̫ںĵĵȴʱҶ˽뵽صĿռУռ䣬ַһܡ
ĵеĵһģһһ񿡵ӡ
游
ǰĵܣǰ˵ϣŵܿͷ
Ȼ㻨ʱԤҪ㻹ˣһؿռд
޶ۣ游ʧˣڵϣ˵
ҴδʧĸѪע˵ڣ׼ͨҵĿ飬ҽĶ͸㡣
游뽫øҶ𣿡ҧһ촽ŵܣᶨ˵
šˣĶɲǺ֮ĹлԵԱģܵõ·࣡Щ˵
游ˣ˵ͷӹɵ˵߳һԼĵµĹ򡣡
֪ѡ·εȵļܿһ·ѵ
游Ѿڣһն˵
ðɣȻѾҾͲȰ˵ˣܿµĹպĳɾͽĸΪĴڣο˵
СȻø㣬սɣսǰ㣬սʧܣ㽫ɱսɹ㽫õĶ
սɹ
Ҷûйĺ⣬һᶨ˵
ãϣûпˣ
˵꣬صˣڵгһ޴̵̣ĺڰӣһſӣȼźڰɫĹâ
̣ӡ
ǰľ޴̣ҶͻȻһصĸоĸ֪ÿһöжо
Ϊ̣Ϊӣһ壬Ӯңͨ飡
ãҶ˵ͷɨһϵĲоֵ԰Ϊˡ
˵ţҶͷǿ㼯һöɫӣ䵽˾޴ϣӳһǹ
ۣ
ʱҶһ£Ѫ
⣬ʲô֮𣿡
ѣѪһ
Ҳ֪游Ŀ򵥣ҶҪдģҪһпͨ飡ҡҡͷ
Ҷ°ɫʱӿǿĹ֮һöɫӴС
һ̣ɫɵǹˣҶ֧ҲһѪ
⡭
ĿǰһĻµˡ
Ҳһ̾
ԼʮŨѪٵۣҶ
ҶȻ۳壬˱ޱȣϢҲ΢
䣡
ɫ԰ûһ˿ѪɫҶһǿ۳ڶöɫӣУϵİɫӡ
һſŰɫӱʱǿ˵ڶöɫӣУڸסɫӳĹâһҶѪ


2062 ֮
⣬ʲôȻҶ
ȻҶʶʱ䲻İҶ統ѿ𱬣ʼΪҶ絣
һΣҶ˽ʱ䣬޸˱壬ƺǿ˵öӡ
ö£Ҷ֧ԼˣһѪ
ֹãҶֺܿ챻ǿµĺɫ飬Ѫ
ʱţܶʼܿ¹ȥˡ
УҶһδδ򱬣һδ޸ֱ򱬣ֱ޸
ԽԽأ޸ٶԽԽ۰ɫӵٶҲԽԽ
ʱʱҶͼֲסȴ˵Ӳ˽һʱ䣬÷񶼾岻ѡ
СȻɼΣӮңǷɣҶ𣬴̼ġ
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öʱӳ޾İ׹⣬ٴαѿѺۣȴûб
ãҵҪֶܼã
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˵ţˣһųɫĹƯҶǰ
һ֮飬ҵɱ֮Դھ͸ɣС̺֮Ӵڵʵǿһᱻֻ֮ļ£п֮飬Ӷ̤Խһѵ
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Ҷ㱣֤һȥ㣡
ҶͻȻ§˻Уأرţɿ崿˵Ͳˡ
Ҷ磬§ˣ۵͸˵ĺΣ˵
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Ҷ磬˽㣬Ҹо游ٻˣҪˣǶౣأһټģ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãͻȻ˽յ˫ɫ糺ѳҶĻ
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ȻʱľҶ游ĸһа취Ȼʱľʱ֮·ҲһЩ
Ҷ磬㣡
ͻȻ崿ˣۿһҶգбĿĹԣĿӳ£ԽԽģԽԽģʧ


2063 һ
꣡
뿪ؿռѿһѺۣ͸һǿĴ֮Ҷ˴ͳؿռ䣬ص˺ĵ
ڳˣ
оǿĴͲػʱ̫죬̫˽յ˫Ҷ磬ӿռѺ˳ͷųǿǡ
̫죬̫죬ñǵʵɣ
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ʮԽѶԽҪԲҪ£ҪԵԼ˵츳͸
ˣҲ֪õ˺εȻԵͻƵԲƾȻǵĶ̫֡ĿԽԽ䣬ֲĵռ䣬Ҷͷ޷뿪
𣿡
֪ԼͻƵԲ̫죬̫֮ʵж˲ȼշ𣬱仯ǿս̬Ƕ˷
ЯȵķϮ̫ͷѿ˿ֲɱ¾ۣ֮һɱ¾˷
ӣ
ۿɱ¾зƳ壬˸µ⣬ֵסɱ¾Ĺ
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ֹ֮£ҫӱֱն˳ȥ޷赲ַֺ֮
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ۿ֮壬ںĵе׵ĵһָһָ֮֡
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ߣɲǣ
˵ţʯֵһָ
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ʱ죬ʱ٣ʱʱ侲ֹ
ʱ侲ֹҲյģ綼ûʱ侲ֹһȴʱ侲ֹҶʶĿֲ
ۣ
̫죬̫Ѫ˳ȥصײޱȼӲĵǽϣ⵽ش
̵Ŀֲ̫Ȼûз໥һۣڵںһ۳һȫڰΰӰ
ٻࣿǱڴˣҲ޾壬Ҫ˵ССıˡ
˵ţֵһָһָڰеΰӰ
һָ෢˴ʯȫҪ⡣
һԶԶ̫죬̫죬֮Ҳ޷ȣռء
һָʱȴ鲣һˣ޷˺һָֺ
һָ鱾๥ֲָâ˰У̫˾ֵĿע£һָ˱ࡣ
ۣ
飬̫죬̫˫˫ܵ˱෴ɣѪء
Ҹһλᣬٲͱֱ񲻿ˣеת䡣
̵Ŀֲ̫죬̫첻ҾôʵصһҶˣǱӳ˺ĵ
ˣ֮Ĺû˻ԵҲҪˣ뿪ɣ
ǰ뿪ǰһ⣬ոǲһˣʲôҶ翪ʵ
ǰɣֻѣˡ
̫죬ֻ̫ǻ
ҶɵˣҲϢŴˡ
̫죬̫ųǿߣ˿ֲڣȻֻǻǵ˵ʵͨ죬޵С
ˣǲ̫ȣΪ˳񣬺ܶʵֱһ̲Ż¶Сõҵ֮飬עƽ֮·Ѿǵǰͷ
˵꣬ĵгһ޴Ĵ͹ҶˣֱӽǴͳ˺ĵ⣬Ǫı˰


2064 ֮
޻룬֮һ֮أҲڵأλ
ȻϢ뿪ǪҶͷ񾭹ʮʱ·޻⡣
֮ǧ޻룬Ҷ׼ص֮ǿ֮塣
ǿĺ֮ģ׼׼ú̫֮һһʽס
ɿճ棬ƽ
޻⣬Ҷûǿƽǽɿճٻ˳޻䴩һռ涴뵽޻С
ͻƵ¼񾳣ҶǿټѪĳûоһ壬ܿ죬ͨǿ֪أ֮⡣
̺ϹȻǿӦ㹻֮
վ⣬Ҷǿ͸˽Уо̺ʮֵǿ¶˵Цݡ
ɿճ棬ƽ
Ҷٴٻɿճ棬俪˽ƣĽ뵽С
ǺˣΪǱأ
ҶոսأһͻȻ𣬴ĶС
Ȼһ廹еڶ񣡡
Ҷǿصܣһ˹ȥ˵ٶֱ˺أ˲ڵµܡ
ģɿռ䣡
Ҷ粻뾪һ壬©ͬʱٻ˾ģֱռ䡣
һ̣Ҷſ˽֮򣬴ݿܳſ֮
໣
Ȼ£ӵǿ֮壬Ҷ罻֯Ĺֵסڽڵİˡ
ܶǿĵƣҶսȻ񣬵Ҫɱһʱỹ
ٳң
˲ѹסĹƣ޷ѶҶٻ˷
ˣ㣬ô
ųһ֣ĳ֣Ϊ𾪣иǲز
ߣһ屳壬Ͷ壬ʱˣ
һȵķӿ壬
Ȼֲȴֵס˴ķڷ𹥻£ƷֱڻˣҲڷ𹥻£ٵڻ
編࣬ɣ
ۿ񱻿ֲķڻҶٻ˻編࣬ʹధ񣬷ڵֱӽ˸ɣŻ
ΪƵĴڣҶ粢ûɱǽһϢΣѺ˾С
Ǿһʱɣ̫죬̫ǲ뵽Ǹҳ
Ҷ翴һ߲ϼ£ȫƣӺݻŮһķ
ã˺Ҳ̫̫ܺԿˣ˵ͷֱƽٻ˱ȷҪǿĺһ̵˶Уصѹƺ𣬿ٵ
ȫʱҶƾĽأɿճ䴩һ뿪ص·֮ǿޱȣ̺֮ɽҪصĺ֮ٻ˳ԴԴϽ֮Ѫڽ֮У֮ϵ
ʱ䣬Ҷо֮ѪѾȫ͸֮ѪУŽصǿںϺ֮
֮棬ֳ֮ԽҶڵҶǿʱ䣬޷ڡ
ų⣬޷ںϣ
о޵нԺ֮ų⣬Ҷüͷšһ
޵нȼ֮Ҫǿн֮ǲˣೢ޹Ҷ粻ϵ˼취
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˼һʱ䣬Ҷֻ뵽һ취Ȼ취ʮգȷҶĿǰ뵽õİ취
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ҶƾĽռ䣬Ȼó˴챦Χţϵؼ޵н壬Լ壬Ѫǿڽ֮С
Ϊ˵õ֮Ҷ޵н壬ȫ֮޵н塣
޵нĹʹޱȣոǼ󣬵ҶʯһӰ죬ϽѪڽ֮
ټһ鱦Ҷɹһѹء
ء
Ҷ֫ȫڽ֮У֮Ҷ֮ϵԽԽĬ
編ڣ
Ҷ˴ĹӡµƵԼǿ֮Դ֮ţٻ˻編֮࣬ģڽ˺֮С
꣬壡
֮ϵںϣҶе鱦ڽ֮ţԣҲ뵽˺֮У׵֮
֮֮ܵı޼е֮ɰٴӿ뵽֮УҶںϺ֮ٶȡ
ʱһȥ
ڷ񣬺֮£ϵؿήһɽеҲԽϡһĻԳԼһڴܣǷ׷׸ϵһ龿
֣Գһʱ޷ƿģ뵽С
Գᵽ˲ѰϢ׼ʱһɳĺϢдѹռ䣬òʵõܺ٣вСŵ̱ڵϣѪɫ
ɣ֮
һƺӴڿή
˴󲿷Ҷ磬ɹ˺֮ǿĺ֮˸Ϊǿĺ
ȼյʮԪҲں֮Ӵ£ȫָˡ


2065 ɱԳ
ʲôˣΪγУ
һģӰɽһ㣬һ̤֪ΣϢԳ˲仯ǿսֳ̬һɳ̻Źƣشڽص¶һڷ
ôԳʶˣ
˺ָ֮ݵҶ磬̤գӸµؿٴеԳܣ¶һ˿ԵЦݵ
㣬㡭
Գ۾һɣϳҶ硣
Գ㲻ǺɱңҸᣬɱҰɣ
˺֮ҶǿƵԳһº֮Ŀֲ
ҷ
Գûȥ룬Ӧ׷ɱҶ磬Ϊλ޻У뵽ϵıԳܣٻһϵ죬ռ䣬Ҷ뿪Ļᡣ
Ҷ磬ϴˣѷɣ
ԳһְֳڽصնһΡĸɽҶ硣
ԳڽҶ̤ղܣҫ
ۿҶԴҶͻȻ֣ͷӲԳֵһ
䣡
ֱۼͣԳնҶ絲ͷʱûҶұۣоһɳ͸ֱУֱһѪ罦
ʲôʲô
ԳֳһԽһ׸ߵɽ飬Ҷʱȴ޷˺ƷֺԳɴ˫ۣŵҶ硣
Գ𣿡
ƴ΢ʹҶԺ֮ʮ⣬¶ŵЦݵ

Գ˲ȼǿѪʩչΪֲĿ񱩼ܣ˲佫ս˼£֯һۻҵĹӰֳҶ緢͵Ĺ
һµĹӰҶ粻ܣһȭ
䣡
һȭʮڽ˲䱬ֱֲԳһֲĹӰɫԳ
̨
оҶһȭĿֲԳ³һţﵽƷȼ̨ǰֵҶһȭ֮
ֲ̫֮Ҷһȭ֮ͨһȭ˼Ʒȼ̨㲻Գһȭ˳ȥ㱻ˡ
ʲôһ֣
Գû뵽Ҷʵô죬ƾǿѹԼռһ𹥻Ҷ硣
ণ
ͻȻһ̶ķ
е̾ȶųɫĳ򣬴ȵ¶ȷ˹
񣡡
Գû뵽Ҷ޻룬ҲڣжʱǿҵĲһܹһתҪܡ

Գܵ˲䣬˫ҵȶȵķ𣬷˹ȥ
Ȼûȫ𣬵ȴ÷Σ£һܷĹ˲ڻҵĲҽвϵ
죬ȥ
˲ڻʮܣ羪֮ԳǰĿϬؿ
㣬ͻƵʲôˣ
ԷԳоϵĲԼѪѹˡ
Բ
Ҳû̹׵˵
Բ֪ʵԳ˵˵ҲЩͣԭҵĴǱȵģҰɣҲˡ
ˣɭȻ˵ˣ׷ɱҵʱ򣬲Ǻǿôˡ
ٸһλĻᣬֻҪңԸ⳼㣬ԶԶس㣡
ԳΪ˻ûйĵ
ԣԸ⳼ҵǿһ
ԳϾ񼶴ܣշһҶĵ̡
ǣԸ⳼Գͷ֤
ãȻԸ⳼㲻ҪֿҵֿǾͱˣ˵ţҶ罫ǿɻٻ˳
ȻԱȽС޷񾳴ܣԳԸκεĵֿԻлġ
Ұɣ
ҶеɻԣԳʱѪɫʮɻԿƵ³ԸҶ糹׿ơ
Ȼ㲻ĸԸȥɣ
Ҷͫһ˲ſ˺סԳ

ں£Գֻʮڽ˷ӿǿϵѣƴȫĹֵסѹ
أ
ԳǿޱȵһѪһԳɱ
ߣ
ǿɱԳҶûдɱ䣬һ֮صУͨɿճ䴩Ŀռ涴뿪ҵһ塣


2066 
պҶͷıԵС
Ҫ뿪ˣǸߣ磬ɱ塣ħܣҶڷ߲ϼµķ񣬵ʵ
Ҹߣ
ȻʵǣѾԿ̫̫죬δȫ֮𣬶·Ȼܴ
ҵ֪̫죬̫첢Ļ֣ᶨҶ籧ŵľġ
һָоδĵ·ϣҶһʣԼһܵõ󲻵ĺô˵лɵھŴռɱ䡣
ãǷȥǬɣҪٻ㣡
ҶҲϣԼֱ̫죬̫죬Ҳл
ţ
˵ͷ뵽ǬУʮʱ֮
һºҶ羭ʱ·˽⣬ͨɿճ䴩Ŀռ涴뵽˽С
Ҷ֮׼潣潣޵н塣
޵н壬޵н֮ںϣսֲĳ̶ȡ
Ҷ;У飬ب˫˫ͻƵм񾳣Ż񣬾ͻмҲһ֮ң
֪ͻƵ𣿡ȻϢҶûͣ٣Լٶȥ
;УҶ緢һƬƽûгսĺۼһ
ͻƵ񾳣Ҷٶȼ죬ʱ·˽£ֽɽŴۼ˴츳бҳĵӣΧס˺ΰ޴ɽš
ţϢ
Ҷ罫ǿͷųȥʱڽиоܵϢĸ⡣
ôѵ巢ֽѣɸѹҶ緢ֽоȻܣһ˻ﵽ񾳣Ժͷв²
½ѣɻԿƣ̫ˣҲ޷ýԼ
Ħ⣬ҶòƿһǰʦĵӣɽŴһϤӰһ
ιιιҪҪ˭̶˫ֲһǰʦ֣ľ
˵أû䣬ҺŶȥ
òûŶӵҶ磬Ĵ۾һɣš
Ҳʦģ
ų࣬鶯˵ģҶ¶ŵЦݵ
ĴڣҶ粻ı¶ټһͣҶûбݡ
㲻ʦʲôһɵؿҶ磬ҶĻ
ѣҶЦ˵
˭
գŴ۾Ҷ磬֪ΪҶӺİȴһϤĸо
ޱҶ絭˵
˭ͻȻŴ󣬺ȵβ͵СҰèĵؿҶһ󡣬㣬ҽˣһȥ

Ҷû뵽ûĵͻôʱЩ
ûİ죬һ˫˫Ŀע£ߵһ˽䣬ٻɿճ棬䴩һռ涴Ľ뵽񽣷壬Ҫ̽̽㡣
ţʲô
񽣷ɽҶǿɽԼоǧϹ죬񽣷Χ
ǧϹУҶԼ֪Ϣ
Ӧ֪ıѣΪ֮Ĺǣ̫ľһֱδ֡
֮Ĺ𣬶ʧԵ忪ʼԸˡ
µǧϹ⣬ҶһϹԣͷǿĺ֮һһϹ죬޷ɴɱ
վסôôģ
ҶһɽеϹʱһŭĽ
ؽ;УⷢҶ磬һӰ֣ס
Ȼ߽ģ
Ҷû뵽˵ĻȻԼӣЩε˵
ܣҲԸԺġ
ߣ߽ģһΪ̻Ĺ񽣷Χнƣ߽ҿǼϸͼı
㣬ԹԸ߹ĿģҲãһ٣ʵƨɿһһ̣Ҷһͷߣʮֵ
СѾͷͲ󣬿СռұˣŲҴƨɣҶЦ˵
̽Ĳ㣬̫࣡
˵ţǿٻһޱȵƷ潣ʩչһ׼ĽУҶ硣
ݣ
һгһؽۣٶȾ˵ĽâޱߵĽƣڿֲĽУɱ
ĴУҶ粻ܣһָӭȥһָƵ˽УķӦеƷ潣
ţҶֲָĺ֮ưһ㣬ֱӽĸס
ھʧҪʱҶƣݺݵس̵ͦСƨϡ
һĵʹ˲䴫ĵȫ
Ҷһ֮£ĵƨˡ


2067 ҽ
㣬Ҵƨɡķˡ
ΪޱΪŵӣĵȻˮߴƨɡ
Ҷһ̫ݣ۵ҧгݡ
ƨôˣٷϻҾͰǹ·ҶӡסĵƻһǺ˵
㣬ҡҶζһţӲͷƤҽޱ˺ңҽһƤ
ˣҪŻңǽҲŲңҶЦЦں˵и⣬ϣʵʵشң㲻ʵҵҲʵ
˵ţҶָĴƵСһ£ץ
ʲôĥʵ
ʲôҶ
㣬㵽ʲôˣô֪£۾ɵùԲԾؿҶ
Сģķϻʵ̫ˣٲʵشҵ⣬Ҷ㲻Ҷؾ
ô֪ҵ֡ѵĵŴۿҶ磬һᣬԺͻȻֳһӰ𾪵Ĵ㣬Ǹ󻵵
󻵵
Ҷ֪Ѿ³ԼݣϵĿЦŨˡ
ģңΪҶ˵֡
Ҳ֪һίؿҶ磬ǿ˵
ģӦ֪к£Ǻпвв㣬֪һЩܣһңҶԸǡҶ翴žǿĵң浤͸㡣
ߣһ浤ң̫СˣһһӽǮΪģ
Ʒ浤أҶóƷ浤
ðɣ㻹гķϣƷ浤ҾˣҶŲµƣŨŨҩƷ浤ĵ۾ʱ״㻹ʲôٸɰ󡣡

Ժϲŭ޳ģҶ̾Ϣ̾ϢƿϵĽƣƷ浤͸
ڣܸңͼ˰ɣ
Щ󻵵Ѿһˣʱʮţ۸ҽ㣬棬սһƽɫʵһЩ
ݽ˵뽣ǩԼýԶĹ˳˾ܾˣں£ҾͲ֪ˣĽԼ֪ȫҶ硣
ԼҶ۾͸һϬĹâͷ
߰ɣȥǣ
󻵵ڵʵﵽʲôˣལۿ˵ĸҶգŴ۾ʵ
ɱһɱҶԵ˵
ġҾ֪ˣҶĻ۷Ź⣬ҶĳƺҲˣٴϵõһЩ

ĺŦڽ룬޽һʵ񽣣ͷųǿĽ
ǵޣٲ彨ԼǱ㽣򣡡
һɫƳۣͷѩף׷ͯգϹߣһߺ裬һ߿ɫۣ˫ϬǿҽĽ
Ϲҽ򱾾壬ΪǻҪҽԼѵǾôҲģɫȻ˹˵޷Ħĵʵ뷨
ķǱ˺ϹЩ͵˵㣬̫ϳѾڸ·ϣ˼ˣɲƢ
˭һҲǽԼҡҡͷӲ˵
һĿˣϹɫ˲Ҫ֪пܸ֮֡
˵ͷ
ȻǾ͵Ȱ̫ϳɣϣ㵽ʱҪڣϹɫѿ˵ʧȥ뽣̸еͷҪڴ뿪ȴ
һӿŮˣ罫ʹ͸ңҲŭʱܰȰ˵˼Ҽ䣡
һͷɫڣǵ澳꣬Ŀȵؿ޶˵ޱͤͤ
֮һ촩ƣð̫ϳϲ̰Ű裬һ
ޱѾҡҡͷˡ
ӿϵŮˣûӳҵģ촩ƴЦһĿƵؿޱ˵һտǣǱӵŮˡ
ԸǺõģʵǲпģ²һˣ
ͻȻһڽ
Ҷĳڽ⣬
ģʲô촩û뵽˸ҶײԼŨҵɱ⣬ɭȻؿҶ
ҽ򡭡
Ҷ˵СԴЩ˵
Ҷ磺


2068 ֻѹ
СѾͷҪ˵ƨɣ
ҶԽĸоͷۣڴش
Уķǵļһҽôп϶ֿˣƲƲ㻹ʲôǼļһҽ㿴ҲҽһˣĴӦ޸㡣

һͷߵҶȥˣֱӿƺ֮ĵͣٺ˵˵
ȥŤĹͷ֪Ů˵³
촩ɨһݵҶ磬һ澳ɱҶ硣
ǣӣ
һĿ࣬ɫսںڳɢ˫磬߼ǿѹȸе˵ͷ̤ųصĲһҶ硣
Сӣ˲ҪңҪ־͹ǲˣ
˵ţбǿ֮ȫļҲһͣΧĿռ˵ˮƣֲѹĺѣòҶѰӻ
仰Ӧ˵
Ҷ̧֣ѹ档
š
Ҷһѹ͵Ŀռ䶼ܲס׷飬ɫ䣬ʩչǿɱȫ
淢Ĺ춯أɽӴܷ飬Ҷӡʱȴ޷ӡֺϵ顣
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Ҷӡӡ
ǱҶӡӡҽݵĵУһ̯࣬㲻֮Ѫ޷
ÿֲ
оҶӡӡڽڳ˶סˣ촩Ƶɫޱȵѿ
Ҷһӡ棬ǵڴ
ʦϳ˭𣿡
Ȼޱ꺣иֳһӰʱҶսֲ̫Щȥ룬ѯĿȵĽ
Ķˣѵ²ݣû뵽ԼΣյʱҶ羹Ȼˣг˸ж

õ֤ʵޱ۾ʱȫҶ磬ôҲƲ
㵽ʲôˣ
Ϲ緢Ŀ⣬һأ֪Ҷһ֮ᵽŨŨΣϢ
С֪ҵݣ
ȻϹλߣ̫ϳϣҶ̫죬̫۵ˣ¼Ѿ
ǱͿкα£
ϹһαȼĳìС
ìһƥɱ֮òʵõĵ˫ȷŵһƨڵϡ
ʦҶ²ϹĶ֣ؼʱ
ȻҶһɱһĻ㹻ˣޱ֪ĿֲҶ⣬
İޱҶټȻ񣬿϶̣ڵѾɳǲĳ̶ˣ
ȻҶûһ˿Ϣ¶ȴһͷɽĸо·ӵ޾Ժء

֮籡Ϲ壬˫⣬֮ڽеɱìУĴҶ磬ҪһìŰԵҶ潣
һìռ䲻ϵ̶˫ɱìǣʮء
ߣαң
ҶһѪȭͷӭȥ
ӵк֮֮ĵ£ҶһҪ˵α춼
ȭͷֱӶԿα
ĿǰһĻɫˣޱŵûʧɫҿȥˡ
ߣǲ֪ôдģ촩¶ϷʵЦݣҶ˾졣
ʯ䣬Ҷȭͷɱìײһ
һ̣һ̶
鱦ɵɱìܲסҶһȭֱ֮ˡ
ɱìе飬ǱҶȭͷбʮڽұ
һȭɱìҶƲһȭ˴ʧɫϹϣֱֲƽ壬ֱӽһ󶴣ӵ˳ȥѪС
֮Ѫ޸
屻ҶһȭϹ뵽ؿ־Уϵؼ֮Ѫ޸ԼƵ
ʱҶշȥ̤һš
һŲ£ռ䱻ȱˣֲ·̤ģһŲϹƵϣֱӽȱɱ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ĿҶһȭһɱϹһĻڳȫסˡ
ǺεȵĴڣǿǸ߸ϣ飬Ҷǰͬߵĺӣּնɱ촩Ƶ˵˫ȲԾز
㣬㲻ҪϾҪɱңһŭһΪᣡ
ҶĿͶԼ촩һԼĿɽвҶ硣
˭ҲûãǱɣ
Ҷ˵һ仰촩Ƶ˵̡
أ
Ҷһָâ촩Ƶֱӱ㱬ˣһѪƮɢڰС
ոջŰ費һϹ촩Ƶˣգ֮䱻ҶɱðΨҶҶ磬ΪΨһĽ㡣


2069 Ⱦָߣ
ҶҶ٣ﵽʲôˣ
һҲĽҲɵùһºһڿˮʵ
˵Ҷʵľʶﵨ
¼񣡡
ɱеܣҶûһָʵò
¼ս
ԼȺսһ¼񣬵ҶȣоԼ磬ҶֲѹȸС
Ҷûж˵ΪˣҲûжʣҶʵķڷ
㣬۸ң
ʱʹķҶʩӵĽƣܵ΢ޱԣҡֱۣĸ״
ĶҪ˵ҺҶûʲô
ޱһɨ޵̬糺ƳҶһۣŭ
ޱ츳ޱǾ˫ýΪͽ
ȻޱһľŮޱǱƵҪƯ֣ҶѾװŮˣйϸ
ѽ͸ǣϣѽ򣡡
˵ţҶȡѻɱܣõѼƷ潣ֱ͸ޱ
⣬ǼƷ
żƷ潣͸潣ƯƣޱŮĻŭţҶոյĻ֪ԼҶ粢һˡ
ллҶӴͽޱһô˽򣡡ޱͬ
챾㣬ԭ͸㣡
Ҷ罫ٻ˳͸һĽ
ллҶ١
ӹ죬񼤶زӵ죬Ĺȫɱܡ
˽񣬲֪ϻ潣𣿡ҶнĿĻΪ潣
ûˣ潣ȫˣҡҡͷ
֪ҵ潣𣿡Ҷüͷ΢΢һ
⡭˵ҽ潣Ǿֻе½ڣˣ½ڣʮֵĹ죬ҵ벽񾳣޷룡˼һ£˵
ã½ڣλøңȽ˽鷳Ҿȥһˣ֪򻹿ܴ潣Ҷİϲ
δ֮·쳣Ҷ뷽跨ʵ£п֮·ЦȺۡ
Ҷ٣촩ƿеİֲܿﵽھ磬ǻǱâպ㹻ǿٶǵһС
Ҷ¶ս㹻ֲڴܣҶ粻г⣬ί˵
ڶѣҾʹ
Ȼ֮ʵ༫󣬵Ҷӵ̫죬̫춼ûеĺ֮֮Ѫټϻ編࣬޷Ǳ֮ģԴڴܡ
Ҷ米за񣬾̫̫쵽ͷаҲһս֮
ޱ콣ʣʣǸ
ҶƿصĵһҶҪ˵ʵԼĵ̡
򣬻ң㲻ң
ĲµҶ罫˺ߵͼɤӴ
ðɣҲɣ
Ҷҡҡͷĺߣ˽ĶԺЩѹĴ˳͸˽ˡ
Ҷ٣ʲôʵ
оҶ͸Ż̺µĹ֮ȵɴ˫ۣ𾪵ʵ
ǻǻľĹʵҶ͵
̫ˣҰˣҪҲ˰ɣ
Ҷ͸ԼıĵĴ۾״ϲ˵

Ҷĵɨ˽˵õҶرչ
ҶҲû˽أЩջ뽣ͨ뽣ĽҲǳ
ҶϾʱ뽣⣬ָޱġŮ
Ҷָ£ŮԽ򲻶ϵޱͻǵļ
ƽʮʱ䣬һɿֲϢһ㣬ǵϮ˱չеҶˡ
һޱȾ޴սսǿ̬񽣷Ľƣɵ񽣷Ͽա
ˣ
оܵϢҶأ񽣷Ͽգ޴սš
һôĹɱӣ챾㽣ǵѪˣһɫƳۣϵͷͷƹڣԵ˫İսͷŽɭȻ˵
˵ţսӿɿֲϢȻϢ񣬵ȫﵽм񾳣ֲǵӿѹҶ磬֮˺ѣܲѡ
ߣƾĴҲ뺳ǳ˵Σ
Ҷһа飬بţսħҶߣ˲ͷŵĿֲѹ
ǵѪ棬Ⱦָߣ


2070 ֮Ŀֲ
Ǻˣ
ݵа񣬰¶һ˿֮ɫŵϨ˼֣а񣬸ðᵽŨŨΣϢС
ޱˣһ
аĳ֣ˡ
ҪϻˣҶػӦգҪһˡ
ã
а˵׷ٻԵı
Ĵ
оаеİаеͭŽبеսħеĺڽȫﵽȼˣиǲǿҵĲ
飡
аվλϣռ䣬Ʒ֮򹥻ս
ͬʱ֣Ĵգնһޣһʱ䣬Ǻʧɫ޹⣬ǿƥĹռ䣬˲սſĽƣɳս飬㲻ܻҷ
񽻸ңʣµ˽ǣսپ
Ҷðսһٻ˫ᣬٶȼĳ˹ȥ

ȻԾҶĵ̣ȴδҶٶȼĿ۾бŨŨɱǿĿռγ˿ռڶҶ硣
֮Ѫȼգ
ɵصĿռڶϮҶѸȼ˺֮Ѫں֮ģս
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҷսм񣬶ں֮Ѫ£ﵽ˿ֲʮڽ
һȭһеĿռڶֱӱˣֲſռ䣬ѹɫİ
ôܣôӵ
ĿҶһȭƿռڶһĻˣҶҲ˼ر仯
˵Ҷ֪𾪣
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ʱĴ漶ͼ籡Ҷ壬Ĵ漶ݵ£ںϻ˲ǧŻ֮ȭ绮ƲԿյ꣬˰
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Σʱ̣ٻߣ߲ϵر糤һϮǧȭϡ
ʯɣޱȵļӲһǧȭУȴһſŻȭþҵĲ޷ƵǧȭĹ
ǧȭҶԳʱҶһ̤ռ䣬˻籩УնԼȭͷ˹ȥ
ˣ
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Ҷ糬ʮڽݺݵϣԷֱӽҫҷ˳ȥ
⣬һﵽʲô
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һȭҷߣҶ˲һڰǰϵر֮Ű
ȻսͬĿֲźܶ಻Ϊ֪ĵƣҶһ˸߹һ˵ĹֵסҶ͵Ĺ˲ѹƣڽڵİˡ
Ҷȫѹʵǿİа񣬽˸Ƿɱ¾
мԼڶֵסǵĹƣ汻а񣬽նɱһѪڿƮ
Ҫս뿪
ϻĲҽƱѹƣİ⣬ԡѪսмͻΧ뿪
ܣôף
Ҷ粶׽ͷٻаɲǧаɲǧ˱Ϣаɳ֮ӣռ䣬˰˵·
⻯
·⣬ٻ̫⻯Ҫ⻯ֵҶĹƣԼܴᡣ
ߣ⻯Ҳң
Ҷһ⻯Ļ𹥻ֱӳ˹ȥ
ǣ
һҶʱ޷ֺǿ̬ײ飬Ϊޡ
򣬸飡
̫⻯Ҷſ˺һء
꣡
ܺʮڽѹȣǿ̫⻯ϵѣںб
֮򣡡
ĿҶ˲̫⻯һĻɫ䣬ſǿ֮򣬵ֵĺ
֮Ȼ̺أȴܲסĹ
ײһ֮˲ˣ㲻İǱûˡ
ߣƣ
⵽ѹȣ԰ʵܲסϵ飬Ѫǲϵ罦ϵ뱾ѪߵĹźҪ顣
ȫʱҶͻȻԣӶɵȭͷϵع塣
Ҷȫ£ԽԽأȫ߸Ǳѹˡ
ȼգ
һߣ񲻼ƺȼǿ֮Ŀ
ƴȫҲ޷Ҷĺ֮
񽣻꣬ն
Ҷʩչǧȭɳȥʱ񽣻ӳĻ꺣ڰлһɫӰһն˰塣
һ̣編ɳҶ壬ΡߴĻľѹڼѪȫ޸İϣ

ڰ񾪿ֵźУľ˸ɣ쳣ǿĻ
ǿƻɱ˰Ҷջ˺򣬿Զա
ʱмֻʣһˣȫа񣬽սնɱ
ɣ
飬بĬϣ˫˫޵һصмһٺ꣬һмնɱ


2071 ½ڣ
͸ˣ
Ҷ˰͸û
߰ɣǻȥ
Ҷ뽣˹Ϸص˽С
޵Уģ
ĿҶ򱬰һĻƯĴ۾ǳݣȸԾ˵
㣡Ҷ֪ٶĽͣҲ޷˵ĸıƺһöµĻ͸
лл򣡡ϲ̵˵
Ż͸ǡ
Ҷժ˻ľɰŻ͸˽аˣ͸ޱÿһŲĻǴ
δ彣ʵ£ӦòϢһ£֮ȥ½ڣ
Ȼһἤŭ壬̫죬̫У֮ĹĻԵҪֻҪҶ粻¶ݣ̫죬̫Ὣеľڽϡ
ֻҪ̫죬̫첻֣Ҷ磬ʵƿش֡
½ڣһλڽƽɽ
½ڣγɵû֪Ϊû񾳣һֱδ̽õ½ڣܣ֪źεȻԵ
ˣǰǵ½ڣڣ
ʱУҶһ˷ɵƽɽһޱȾ޴׵ĵؿӣؿǵ½ڣڡ
½ڣҶ磬⣬Ҷ绹ޱĵŮĿΪһǣǵʵս飬ǵ
ߣȥ
صĹ޷赲Ҷ磬½ڣҶ˵вһȣŽ˷ɽ׵ĵؿУԼٶؿӵײȥ
ܿ죬Ҷһ˷ɵ˽ڣĵײֵص׳һޱߵľ޴ռ䣬һŨŨĽӿռ˳ޱĪĲһ¡
ޱ½ڣΧΣͽǽˣҶջĿ⣬ŷ绪ޱˣ˵
ã
ޱ˵˵ͷֳָԵ潣ߵҶ˵ǰٵֲָĺɫռзȥ
һ·ޱ˲ٽƣԼܶϢںڰеޣǿռƻǺڰޣ޷赲ޱˣһ·ɱϵ½ڣ
ড
ŷţһнϱŨŨ֮Ŀռ䣬һëȻĹ
Ҷ٣ǵ½ڣǰĿռһޱȾ޴ʯػҾǱʯˣδܽ뽣ڣֹһ½ڣĽ˵
ޱģǾɣһСģ
ݵڵ½ڣоһ֮ǿҶ綼΢΢ЩԾûдޱ룬ǽ｣ڣΧ
ҲСģޱ˵㣬С˵
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Ҷһûκεͣ٣Լٶ½ڣȥϴӽڣðĻ꣬Լƽ޷ǹ˺ǻּɱ
ǿҵĽƣ
ŷţҶͻȻǰ˿˿⣬һʮɸߣ̻Ƶʯڵϣסǵȥ·
Ҷ٣Сĵ㣬ʯܹ죬Ĺ
λԼʯ
ţǶ˺ȥʯҶ˵ͷ̤ųصĲһʮɸߵľʯ
ˣ
оҶ翿ʯһƥĽʯԽԽҶ硣
Ҷ翿ʯ׾ʱһƥĽâʯбһǰ޵̬նҶ硣
ʯ޵нնҶȼ˺֮Ѫ£һ̤˼Ӳĵ棬յһȭֱӽ޵нˡ
ǿͫһĬҶЩ굽׵õ˺εȻԵȻ̶ȡ
һȭ޵нƣҶٶȲ̤žȵĲһ˾ʯ
ˣ
оҶвʯԽϷѳһ޵нâҶ磬ҪԿҶնɱ
ӵк֮Ҷֲ̫ʯѵ޵нâ޷˺Ҷ磬޷赲ǰеĽŲ
ܿ죬Ҷߵ˾ʯ¡
һ̣Ҷ޼֮岻ϵر󣬱˺ľˣӶˮ״Сȭͷ˾ʯ
䣡
Ҷȭͷʯײһ𣬶ʱ֮µϵصʯĽƣþʯ޷
𣡡
Ҷ߸ߵԾ˫ֽץס˾ʯĽ˫۱ʮڽӲڵصشڽľʯ
ˣ
ʯҶӲ˲䣬޵еĽƣ˷Բһռ䣬Ҷ˫֣֯һĵ⣬Կٵ֮ƣնҶ硣


2072 񽣾
٣
罣ɽһľʯ֯ĵնҶ漶ݵ£ĩհӭȥ
¡¡
ɻ֮ײһٵ˲䱬ݿžʯĹޱȼӲĽ˵Ѻۡ
飡
һ֮ҶִǧȭߺڲѺ۵ľʯϣ׵һֱӽؽڣµʯˡ
ɫ꣡
ʯҶ緢ʯгһɫ꣬ȻûҶ񽣻ǿ󣬵ҲԶ
֣֮ѹ
ɫܣҶַǿĵ⣬֮⣬ݺݵѹֱӽصɫѹ˲Ѻ۵ĽڣС
ٹշɫ꣡
Ҷ񽣻꼸ɱ䵽˼£ֻ׳ɣޱɫø˽
ǣ
֪ɫǿշɫ꣬Ϊãս
ԽҲﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣȫѹ£صɫ귴ԽԽСձշս˻꺣
лҶٴĻԵĵĸм
ֻҪңұ֤պܵõɫĻԵҶ翴ķڷԸĽ񣬵ŵ
ǣϥأԱġ
ˣɣǼǰ½ڣкεȻԵ
ҶĿ潣ֻҵ潣޵н壬һʵ
ž룬Ҷһ⵽˲ٲƵ񽣹ȹҶ֣ͱ顣
ܿ죬Ҷһ˽ڣһɫۣĸɱ۾ն·ѾõߣһȭͷСͨڵľʯźɫʯУҶԼо֮Ϣ
⣬񽣾Ľ
ǰǿƵĺɫʯˣ𾪵˵
񽣾
ĻҶ۾Ҳȡ
ǰ񽣾޵н壬޷޵нǱεȵĿֲ
Σ񽣾ҪõҶ簵¾ĵ
ˣ
Ҷһ˿񽣾ҪʱͻȻһɹɿֲĵ֮˷ӿ뵽ߵУڵ
գ֮䣬߸ɱԽԽն˫ҲøɣһϢ޸
мܣ
оɢϢҶȷмܡ
ﲻĵطҪôڹҪô纣˫͸˵⣬ҶˣɱȻ
˺ȥս
Ҷͨսĥº֮壬ú֮Լںϣһ˹

Ҷ粻ԼȰ裬ԿϯضĿн֯һƥĽâһ˺ѿռ䣬糤գնҶ硣
罣âնҶ粻ܣâԼ塣
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Լ֯ĽâȻҶǿ飬ѩ׵üëһ£¶һ˿֮ɫ
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סʯʱһƥĽϵ˳֮ǿý鲻Խ
ĸ
оеʯﵽȼҶٻĸ񽣻꣬׼ӭ
ţĸĸôУ
ҶУĸĸһϳ˾֮ɫ
ңҾ͸㣡
Ҷ񽣻ڽĸУİĸеƣ֯ɽӰ߷
أ
֮ײһ˲䱬ֱ˺˵½ڣռ䣬ز㶼
һ֮ҶͿͬʱУϵµĽʩչĪĽйԷ
һʱ䣬½ڣ鲼һĽӰмҵײĿĻ⡣
û뵽Ϸǰһ֣ǴҲ
ߴЦһĸв˽һҶ缤ҵɱ
ҶҲʾûʩչĴɱУֻƾԼԽȫӭ
ʱһһ
ҶͿ߷·֪ƣĻϵǿĽУϧĶԹ
ܿ죬ʱȥˡ
Уӵк֮ͺ֮ѪҶռ˾ԵƣԽսԽûһ˿ƣļ󣬶ȴԽԽأҶѹ˹ƣڽڵİˡ
ۿ߲ܣϵͻȻֳһµĹһ㣬Χơ
СϷҪֶˣСˣ
ϧĿ߶һµĹں½ڣ
ʱһƥĽ˷ӿڽ˹Уһöö
ڣ
ںǧöʱս˲Խһȫµľ磬ս


2073 ڣ֮
֮ģڣ
ߵľȻȰһ磬޽ʵսҪսʱҶں֮ģһʵ
ն
սĿߣֳֺʯһһٵĽâһ˺ҶĹն
ҶֳĸͷӲһ
䣡
ֲĽâĸΧµıӲҶɽ
̫֮ǿ󣬿նһȻ޷˺Ҷֺ
һҶˣ߳ʤ׷ϵʩչĪĽУȫҶ磬ҪѹҶĹơ
򽣹ڣ
һǰĽâҶûгſ򣬶ǿĵ⣬˲۳޵֮ΧӲߵĹ
޵нɽ
Ҷ򽣣ݻ򽣹ٴѹƿߵĹʱӳ޵н⣬һΡߴ޵нɽصײ򽣹ϣһ򽣹ڣƲĺҶ硣
٣
ݻ£޵нɽֲ̫ҶᵽΣϢʩչں֮Ĺһ
һ޵еĵϣֲ֮ﲻƣ𣬻һе飬ǿտռ䶼һ»ĩ٣޵нɽɫޱĿߺ˳ȥ
ۣ
һԿߵʵܲסѪϵ壬Ǳǧٿס
⣬ʲôͨ
Ŀһ˱סˣǸоԼƴȫֵסһƻ
ȼգ
أͻȻȼ˽ʣǿѹסƣҶ硣
ĹҶʵҲеѹһ㱻ѹơ
編࣬ںϣ
̵ĪĽУҶ粢ɱ˲ں˻編࣬ʵԲ˲ֳĸһն˳ȥ
ʹ죬ʹ죡
ȻԽԽأڿϣȴһ˿ţ¶ֵϲá
С͸ҵһսϷҲĿˣߴЦһȼʣ޼֧˺۵ս
һ񣡡
߲ϧʩչɱϮʱҶĸںһһ֮⻪һݻ˫һƿ˿ʩչɱУؿڡ
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񽣵ĽײһʱʮڽȻĸб͸ʯУӲʯ˵Ѻۡ
ţ⣬ͨʯǿһѿʯҶˣ𾪵ķ֣еʯֻͨʯ񽣡
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޵нɽ
ʯѣδÿ߼ƣǿֳʯݻ޵нɽҶ硣
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޵нɽϮҶӭԾ˫̬Ӳߡ
ܿ죬ʱֹȥһ졣
½ڣҶͿ߹£ݣǱһ˺ѵǧٿס
ҶҪӮˣ
ԽͬĿҶһսǳֿ߱;ƿݣ֧Ų̫ˡ
СٽһܽסһҾͽܸ㣡ǿ֮ĩĿߴһϵصȫĽ֮ڽѵʯС
߱񣡡
һ֮£ƽһ֮£ռ飬һ·鶼ն
٣
ԿΪۣնһҶҲҴ⣬һӭȥ
䣡
ڣռˣһ׵ĿռڶֲĽĿռ£罣߰衣
ۣ
һѪ˳ȥصصĽڣͷۿˡ
Ҷ֮ķܵˣ˺ס
ռңһʱŽϡ
ʱҶһ˿ԽĿռ䣬һϢĿԵڣܷܸҡ
ңʸ֪ܣڵϣϢ΢Ŀ΢΢̧ƤӣҶػ£ΪػһǼ񽣾һλڵµ֮Դ
֮Դеʯӵ֮Ϊ֮ԴҶ¶֮ɫû뵽ڣоӵϹʱھͼ֮Դ
ʯǾ֮Դӵ֮ߵ˵ͷ˵
ǰһ²⣬ʲôػЩʵ
Կչ¶ս뿪½ڣܳΪ֮ԼǶ֡
ûػһжԸģҡҡͷ
ΪΣ񲻽ʵ
ΪʮǰҾǽ֮ˣػΪѹƣҿϣܿϧʧˡ˵
ǰʲô˽شԿߵ˺ܶĲ²⣬ʵ
˻ʣΪҰģҪһеЩ޵˵
˵꣬ϵԼٶˣ


2074 նļƻ
˻ʡ
ߵĻҶ͸һϬĹâ
˻кܣĵλ͡
ǰ㰲Ϣɣ㱣֤һǸ˻ʹָʹĴۣҰģҶſߵʬؾŵ
˵꣬һ֮ڻ˿ߵʬ壬õһޱȾ潣
񽣾潣ҶѾˣ潣͸˽ŷӡ֮񽣾¡
֮Ѫڣ
ҶҧָԴԴϵ񽣾֮Ѫ񽣾
Լʱ䣬񽣾㹻ĺ֮ѪҶ罨ϵҶһսڡ
ߣȥ濴
񽣾Ҷһ̤ǧٿ׵ĵ棬һͨµͨŽаȥ˷ӡڵص֮Դ
Դ飡
һ֮ԴһԴ飬ҶĴϲ׷׽Եٻ˳û뵽˱ԴУ֮Դ֮
£Ǿһʱɣ
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˵˵ͷֲڳܣҶĻٵʵ
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ʱҶڵĺ֮ǿ裬̺֮޵н塣
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ں֮Ĺ˴̫죬̫ڻĽ͹ֱƳҶ磬ļƻ
ֻбƳҶ硢ǲлɱҶˣһУһҶ磬㹻ĳɳʱ䣬ɱҶ磬ˡ
̫ˣҪһ죬̫죬̫ƻʱһȫڽеӰͻȻˡ
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Ȼ֮ȫڽУ̫죬̫һۿ˵
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£Ҷ֮ߣΪ˱Ҷ磬ҲǶ˻ɱҡҡͷõİ취Ǵߴ磬Ҷµ㡣
˵ţӽ뵽ļƻ˳
ȷʵһüƻ̫˵˵ͷҶԼŮ˼޸ˣͶ·£ҲὫϣҶϡ
Ȼλû飬Ҿ𻯹ȴ̫峤ˣЦ˵ʱһͨɢϢ綼֪£Ҷ粻
˵꣬ûоôת뿪ɢʥԵĽ͹
̫˵˻ʣ
ŽȥӰ̫üͷšһ𣬵ʵ
˭ı䲻ʲôעǻϣ̫ӹɵ˵
˵̫꣬컺뿪˽͹ص壬׼𻯹֮¡
һº𻯹һ𻯹Ϣ籬Լٶȴ壬䣬Ϊ̸۵Ľ㡣
ͬʱʱ񽣾Ҷ磬ڽ񽣾֮ڽ˺֮С
ţҶ籡ضΪ֮Ľƣռ䣬زϷ󣬲ϵعҶ硣
⵽󹥻ϥ޵нҶ·ȻϽ޵н塣
޵н壬ɣ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãҶб֮˲˹۳ǿ޵н壬˽֮
һ̣ڣеĲнϽ㵹Ҷڵķ򣬷·ӭӽ֮Ľ١


2075 ˭ȢҶŮ
޵нˣ
޵н˲䣬Ҷ
񽣾޵н壬ҶоԼһ޵񽣣ּնϲ
޵н֮ڻγ˫
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߰ɣ뿪
֮ԴҶûоô뽣а뿪˽ڣڽڣɱʱ䣬ʵޱˣһͬ뿪ˡ
ţѶ̣
뿪ǿֵĵ½ڣҶͻȻԼеĴѶ
ͷ͸Ѷʱɫ˲һɳŭбֱ˺ΧĿռ䡣
ô˳磿
Ҷɢŭ˳һʵ
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֪ҶʥŮĹϵ΢΢Щĵ˵ڹϣ𻯹ͻȻǳģĿҪ
֪һǳģҶ˵ͷ˫ȭյ˵޷ӱܡ
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޷Կ壬ҪԵĻ壬ħҲп֣ܳҪԿǣǱ֡˼һ£˵
֡˭أبŵ뵽˼С
̫죬̫죬ԼֵܳľħǶԲܣӺ֮Ĺչ¶ս̫죬̫һֻŶ̤۷壬޵磬Ҳֻвķʵһս
ҵ뵽һˣ붯ҲлԿ̫峤ǣĬһͻȻ˵
˭
˵ˢˢͶ䵽ϡ
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ˣ˵һɢޣʵֲƢЩŹ֣аҪ붯ףһ˵
ʲôطҶ˼һ£ʵ
˵ȣȺΣգ鲼ǿĽƣ󷨣вʶ֮У
ãǾȥУʵ벻Ǿֱȥ𻯹Ҷһ¶Եһ棺ҵҪ˭ȢҶŮˡ

ҶԵ˫ĻޱŮ̾ϢһɵĽʥŮĽһΪһеĺɷ

𻯹ʥŮС
ģҪŹ³ף
һϮɫۣòʵҶʥŮУ˷׿Խڳѣʵ
ţľҸı䲻ˣѻع˵ͷ
⣬ΪΣҶջ˵岻УΪҪƽ𿻡
һıһ㸸׵ıֻնѣͨԼߣ֪ܶҶϢϤⳡı
֪Լ޷ıʲôҲûá
ϤҶ֮Ĺϵ̵ʯʯ£Ѹûܿԡ
סҸˣҸ˭Ҷ΢΢Щʵ
ҼˣҲݣ𻯹֪ˣĵ˵ûнҶֱӸҶ
ҲҶϵ䣬ȴûȥҶ磺Ȼ֪Ҹ׵ıӰɣӳ𻯹͸׻ϣǲա
ܵĻ𣿡ҡҡͷڵ𻯹ѳΪ޵˭޷뿪
ô죬ǲŸǵȦףҶļٵ˵
㸸ףһܷⳡı𻯹ߣὫҶ§ڻУĵ˵
еĶעѹҶ縸ĸϣҶ޼Ҷϣⳡı
ĽҲǺҶһ
ΪҪһȥɣסҪͻһе㸸׵
İ֪ôҶ˵ͷ뿪ˡ
磬˵һƽȹⳡΣ𣿡޾ǿգƯ۾͸˾Ȼ͵ǡ


2076 
λϷɽ¶ߵյ֮һ񼶸֣Ӧеĸ¡
Ϊɽĵټ˼ɽԵشһֲͨʥ֮һֵߣźܶðżطգɽժȡ
ۺεȸ֣ɽǿޣҽȣû˸ҿ
Ϊһˣһ̫죬̫춼޷ɱˡ
ǰɽˣ
һС۳ɽ⣬һϮۺɫۣϵһᣬͿŵۣ֬Щײվ֮ϣָǰһɺɫڵɽ
հ˵һͷΪʲôӣ
ɽһʱ䣬ɽΪϤҶʵڲԸ⽫մߣΪǬ֮ģ̫欣̫Ҳ̫졣
⻹ǹ㣬ٸһµÿϴ裬ҵجΡĥ߳ŭ

ţöƣ
߽ɽҶԼݣҪֱȵλãȴؽƸš
ɽ˶ֽţʱûôƣջͷŵ˵
û뵽лһλ󷨴ʦգʲô򣡡Ҷɫ䣬ʵ
ûмǴӦɽϷձһ·ָϷ˵
ߣֱȥȣ
˵ţҶϷȥɽеǿƸ޷赲ǣ񣬷һɹǿĽƣܿ뵽ɽ
վסǰɽأκ˲̤룡
Ҷٶȼķ˴ʱ䣬һǿסڽ⣬ϥ޴ʯˣоҶ˿ʯڳ˯ѣ˻Ƶ˵
ʯ壡
ǰʯˣҶϳ缫ټʯ塣
еģ
Ҷ米˫֣
˲κˣǻȥɣ
ʯɨһҶˣҡҡͷĮ˵
Уǲ뿪ģҶʯȥ

Ҷ粻Ȱ裬ִʯִŭץԵ͵ʯնҶ硣
꣡
ڽʯҶ粻ܣۿʯҶԴһǿҶбֱʯ
ÿɣٷǣ
ҶŴΪ𾪵ʯ֣ݿܵľ
˵꣬Ҷ̤һֱֲӽӲĵ˺ѿһ蹵ײĻĽƣֱӽǿĽײһ޴ȱڡ
ãô
ʯ֪Ƶǿ۷澳ҪƿףҶֻ̤һţ˽ƣǲٷѸٵĶһߡ
Уǰݷãһ
һ˽ƣҶûдȥվڽ⣬˵
Լʮһɿֲͳڽд
Ϸ򣬾ԼɣϷµ󷨽ƣȻܼң
ãǾ͵ˣҶ˵ͷ棬һ߽ѵĽС
¡¡
Ҷ߽ƣ˽֮ĺɫɱƴ˷ӿҶ硣
ɫɱƵһ漶ֶԵֵҶӵк֮ɺɫɱƹܡ

źɫɱƹҶԼݣܿ췢˽ŵλãٶȼķ˹ȥ
䣡
ţҶܵĹӵңˮĺɫɱֱӽ
񽣻꣬ն
Ҷһ񽣻ӳĻ꺣һնϯĺɫɱơ
һ̣Ҷ͵طһƶɽײŲƵĺɫɱƣţ˱ؽֵ⡣
ǡȪɱ󣡡
ΰ󷨽ƣҶϳǴ˵лȪɱ󣬶лȪɱ֮
ҪƻȪɱҪҵȪɱģȻͬһʱ佫飬ƵȪɱ
ȻѶȲСҶ绹޷˵߽˻ȪɱС
䣡
߽ȪɱУҶǰľ˱仯һ޴ĻȪ֮ӷӿǧڽ˲Ҷ硣
ڻȪ֮УдĳͷĿĻ˲
޵н壡
⵽Ȫɱ󹥻Ҷ缤޵н壬һ޵񽣣ڻȪ֮ΡȻȪɱлûĴδ壬ͱ޵нâ飬ֲ˲漶ֵĻȪ֮Ӷ޷塣
ǣ
Ҷ֪Ȫɱ֮Լٵݣ׵ҵ˻Ȫɱĵλá
һ̣޵Ƴ壬ûӣֱ˺˻Ȫ֮ӣŻȪƣġ
أ
Ҷʩչ򽣹ڣֱӷ˻Ȫ֮ޱȼӲģƵ˻Ȫɱ߽¶ȼߣ鲼ɫ棬ʯҽ¶ڻ񼶸ֵС


2077 Уϣ
У֪ɷһˣ
Ҷȵĸ£ߵվһʯʯ⣬˵
û뵽ô׾ƵϷµĻȪɱȷʵʸң
ʯݴŻش򿪣һ鲼ۣϲƣ˫͸Ųɣ֮Уͷҵߴʯ˳
ȻĿƽϵϢҲǿңҶ翴ʱȴоΣϢΣյϢǿҡ
˵ɣȣʲô£пҶ磬˵
ɽҶԸ̫죬̫죡Ҷ
СӣǲϷ򣿻ǳ˵ΡдҶ缸ۣ¶һ˿Цݵƾ㣬ҲԿ̫죬̫죿ҿǷˡ
ǰдǰϳɽңҲǰɱԸмĻҶҲ˵
СӣҲ֪û̫죬̫죿ҿȷĸ㣬ǱȲ̫Զһָ㣬ҿϰҲûáҡҡͷˣϷ鲻ãɱ㣬͹ȥɡ
ûﵽĿǰǲ뿪ģҶҡҡͷ
СӣΪϷ򲻸ɱ㣿ɫһ˵Ȼת䡣
㲻ɱңɱңҶҡҡͷˣҪŪˣгɡ
š˼ҵСˣҶһﵹܣз¶֮ɫȻ֪ҵܣȥɡ
˵ţзбĴµ⣬еĽںһ𣬻һʮɳ˺ѿɽľ޽Ų񷣬նҶ硣
񽣻꣬ƣ
񽣻ӳҶ壬һĨ磬˽ƾ޽ϡ
Ȼ񽣻Ƚƾ޽Сʮ񽣻һȴ˽ƾ޽ƵзĹ
񽣻꣬ԽԽҾˣҪ˻
зͫһںеĽ֮Ҷ緢͵Ĺ
ãȻǾͱˣ
Ȼзʵڴܣʩչͨ٣ûǿҶ缸ûжв޵н壬廯һ޵֮һնзĹն塣
ͣ
Ӧз㿪ҶնĹȵĵȴһؽۡ
㲻Ǻǿ𣿶ʲô
Ҷ΢΢һЦһŲ˼Ӳĵ棬һȭз
ʱ٣
оҶһȭʮʱ٣з˫صǰǿĵ֮Ӳȥ
䣡
ռһ¡
Ҷһȭصǰ˫ʱ˲ȼ˺֮Ѫʮڽзֱŷĵ֮һȭ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
ͨԽţ
зҳʱҶ߸ߵԾ̤˰Եƥһš
һŲ£ռ飬ֲĽӡھ֮·ɽݺݵزзϣֱӽ㲻Ƚ˵ز㣬ء
򣡡
ˣзеĽ֮壬ſǿ򣬷ĵز㣬ɵ˰С
㼤ŭˣ
򣬻ͷзջ˵ĻΧȼգſռ䡣
ߣһ򣬾͸ôţҶһȻвǾͱҴˡ
˵ţҶɽһ㣬ײзſ򣬳У֮з
ɱ
зȫȼգȵ֮һ泤ŹҶ硣
зڴܣݻ֮ǿɱһܣҶĺ֮һһ泤޷ش
Ҷһ޵ս񣬻ӶɵȭϽһֻֻϮĻ泤飬ѹз
񽣻꣬ն
ϮĻ泤Ҷ񽣻꽻֯һɽӰ͵Ĺзϵش塣
򣬷һУ
зû뵽Ҷ˵Ŀֲ޷˺ֺϵҶ磬ֵ񽣻Ĺ
ǧȭ
ֲĻ溣ХϮҶͻȻһȭ򷨣ǧųʮڽȭ˺򣬷˻溣Хɫޱз
أ
зҶһȭ˳ȥصײĺɫɽϣӲɽҳһ޴ȱڣӲҲ˵Ѻۡ
Уɣٲ߷ҪҴˣ
ʩչǧȭзҶûгʤ׷˹ӰʯݣԵ˵
СսȷʵҾȣĲӦӦң
һͳ·ھĵʯ
òзƣƵƤīɫŨŨ߳ʯݣڰеҶ磬ɱȻ


2078 У£
ŨĶ
߳ʯݵҶüͷһ£û뵽ϾȻǿҵĶ
Сɣ
бһһһɳأ̻Ƶľ޵ֳе壬һնռ룬ֲĵҶ˲ѡ
ĸ
УҶ粻Ҵ⣬֮Դĸٻ˳ǰǿƵеһ֮
šĸĸôϣبʲôˣ
Ҷٻĸ¶֮ɫûٹʵ
ǰʶبǰ
б仯ĪҶĸʵ˲²⡣
ѵ
ͻȻ뵽ʱҶһ飬بŴǬٻ˳
飬بš
ͻȻֵ飬بţҵ˫͸ǿҵ
ͨеҶ϶飬بһδܡ
ǡ
ȻеòϢİ飬بȴв׽һ˿Ϥĸо
׷գ
аסĵļԼݸˡ
׷׷û
꣬а˴˴׷˴֮һ
飬بţӿ𣿡жҶ粻˽⣬ѯʵ
׷񣬳Ķӣȫ֮ˡ齫ҶݸС
ĶӡѵҲû֪Ҷݣ׷Ҷ˼ر仯
ΪʥŮ˴Ĺϵܽ׷аʦ֮Ե
ǽ˵
ϵɱ˲ʧҶ˺ʯУҶش򱬵зػʯ⡣
ӿռ䣡
߽ʯݣҶǰľ˼ر仯Լһɫ˵ɽУɽһƯŨŨˮ̶ˮ̶еĶ̫ǿˮ̶Χûһֲ
ҡ⻹𣿡
ҶһϣпҶ΢΢ЩϤףʵ
Ϳ츴ˡҶԼµеݣʵ˵
Ҷ޼ֶιȻûм޴ˣ¶ѵõЦݵ
ǰ㵽˭Ҷ֪еʵݡ
ҽ׷գ嵱˴֮һаʦ֮ԵнԼʵݸҶ硣
ʦ֮Ե
֪еݣҶվؾ
úúãӣҳɽҪԸ壿ҶϵЦݸŨˣʵ
ţ̫죬̫ӱ޷ӱܣҶ˵ͷȥС
㾹Ȼ̫죬̫ж˺֮ĹеĻԵǲ򵥣˵̫죬̫ʵֲܿǱ֮˸ֲ
ǰ֪̫죬̫챳˵˭Ҷ֪Ļ֡
ԳͣҲֻһ棬֣ɱ۱£Ҳ
Ȼ棬󷢶һش֪ͣôȥˣָ𣿡뵽ػУ֮ԼĻ֮˸Ҷ硣
͡ǰ͵ʵΣҶʵ
ܣɱ£ʵ϶Ҳﵽ¹ȥˣû֪ڵʵﵽεȾ磡ҡҡͷ
ǰͻָƣܿ𣿡֪͵ʵҶо˾޴ѹһʵ
ԻҲ֪Ƿܴڡг˼һ˵㸸׵еõ˴ԵôȥˣҲʵ͡
Ҹס
ţҶ޼Ҽ츳ֲˣҪ㸸׾ľ֣е˵ͷ߰ɣȥ𻯹ס
ȵǰһиҪ㣿ǰԶ壬ǲҪͨϹŶȫԼȱӶ̤۷壡ո˵֮ʣҶһֱԿе壬Լܵ
ҪԶҵ̫أµ̫ϹŶʮ꣬޷ȫĸؿһҶ磬˵ͷ
ǰңҲа취ԲȫĵҶ˼һ£˵
ġͻȻɴ˫ۣһ𾪵ؿҶ
ţҶ˵ͷǰ㿴ʲô
˵ţҶ罫̺ԴĻ˳
л£۹εȵһϳҶеǻ
ţŻ̺ıԴǰȫлᲹȫһŻһУһǰȫĵ֮꣬л̤۷塣Ҷ˵ͷ
ûϹŶǰҲŻлҲȫϹŶʳأڵ״޻Ჹȫˣ̾Ϣһź˵
İǰڵľ綾Ұ㱻綾ʳصҲ޸˵ţҶֽӺ֮Ĺõٻ˳

ǰĹľйž޲ˣ˸뵽޴ľϲС
ĴľţֻҪڵĶأһ޸Լȱ
磬۳ɰϷˣҲȫ㲢ս̫죬̫춷һһסĵľϲŵ


2079 𻯹
ĸºһɿֲϢӿֱը˳ȵسơ
Ϸڲȫĵˣ
̺ԴĻ׷Уڲȫĵڵľ綾Ҳľȫɡ
ȫĵ׷սһֻ̤۷壬ȫ̫쿹⡣
һֱǬķҲɹ˺ʵķԾһֻ̤뵽۷徳
ħ˶ħ֮ħ֮ʱ䣬Խ磬̤뵽¼񾳡
һֱ֮ԴеҲ˲Сı仯øӵĿֲ
ʱȥ𻯹ˣ
һʱ䣬𻯹вʱ䣬Ҷûٵʱ䣬ǰ𻯹
ʱ𻯹ƽʵ޵ֻҶ絽
µô
һϮƳۣ絶𻯹һ͵ɽͷϣǰ𻯹ӣʵ
ʥŮû¶ܵҶ𻯹ɽŴεµ𻯹
¶Ҷ籧кܴϣ¶һ˿ѰζЦݵϣԽʧԽֻҪҶͷۣҲ뿪
ȥ£Ҷ쳣棡˰֣
ԽԽ壬ħ壬Լ𻯹絽סɳУȴ֮գǰ𻯹ףء
ɳԽԽʱһҾ޴սɳ⣬ԽΪ׵Ľһɳ⣬ƺƵ߽ɳС
Ʈ¥ҽռˣʱڣҲϣ˴棬ߵˣɱ⣡
̤벽񾳵콣վߣ޽Ĺɫһ˻԰еƮ¥⣬Ե
ģ㽣ѵҪħΪУ
һɫƳۣ˫޻ף˫Ծﵽ澳ħϴľƽ߳ŭ
ݣ
߻䣬һĽâƿռ䣬һĽնɫħϡ
콣һٶ̫죬쵽ħ޷㣬ֻܶõƽз
콣еĽһƷһֱ֮Ƶħϴһƣһ壬꣬նɱ
סֻаʱ䣬ҾҪѪϴˣ
һɱ澳ħϣ콣ʰԵ˵
ʶ콣ʵʵŭħڸֺŭԣգ뿪Ʈ¥
Ҷ٣ʲôʱȥ𻯹
ռƮ¥ħˣƮ¥᷿ԶҶ磬ʵ
ٵȼ죬ڻʱ򣡡ҶջĿ⣬ҡҡͷ
Ȼ֪̤𻯹һζʲôԼ޷ӱܣֻԡ
ڶһ磬콣ʸߵħڸڵƮ¥⣬ǰģħ벽񾳵ĳϡ
˭ô󵨣ɱħϣ
һĿݣһͷīɫ۾ݽգħƵħ峤ϣվƮ¥УɭȻʵ
Ҹʱ߾Ͱ°ɣԵƮ¥𣬲ݿܵ
ôĿϷվ
벽ϻû˵꣬һƥĽâһ壬ɱ

Ŀð벽϶ɱħڸ˵һӳƮ¥
ݣ
ʣħ벽ʱʱȥˣһĽâ£һ꣬ɱ
ǻҪҪ
Ŀ벽ϱɱһĻħڸŻˣɫ԰׵ħ
ģɣ벽񶼱ɱ̸ʲô𣡲˸ɱħ峤ϣħԲưոݣ
˵꣬ħǱˡ
Ϊֵ̫ǿƣټħ岻ͻҪ鷳նħ峤ϣħ嶼ûű
ʱֹȥ졣
Увɳǣʱ𻯹ʱ䡣
ͻȻһֱ᷿еȴҶ磬ֻеĴѶ΢΢̣¶һĨâ
ʱȥ𻯹ˣ
Ҷ罫Ѷ̷˻УŴȽȽĺգ
ȥ𻯹
Ҷ᷿߳Ž콣ʣʵȽ֣ƺƵ뿪Ʈ¥ɳǺɽ𻯹ȥ
һͻȻǰ𻯹ʱɳеĸĸ⣬׷ײ²⽣ǰǰ𻯹Ŀġ
Ҷ罫֮߾磬ټѪû˷ҶڽһС
ԼһʱҶһ𻯹ɼƷʥ̶ɵɽ⡣
ҶһҪֱӴ𻯹ʱһϤӰҶǰ


2080 㲻ҵ
Ҷ
ɫۣͦΣ׿Ⱥ𻯹ɽŴҶҶǲԾ
Ҷ𻯹ĵľˣһѣһѵĶҶ
ǡ
ϻϤҶ˹
ʱҶϵĻ֮ʧҶò
Ҷ֡Ҷһ¶һ˿֮ɫûж룬˹Ҳμʢģ
ǣҶҶ粻ɵ¶Цݣҡҡͷ׵ġ
ף㿴˭Ҷ⣬Ҷڹס
ʥŮҶЦţֲʧ˵
˭ҶȻߣɫҲˣҶ֣Ұ㵱ֵܣȴҪȢ
Ҷ磺
Ҷѵ²˭𣿡ҶһͷߣЩ˵ûи˵ҵݣ
㡭Ҷһ˵뵽ѵĻҶԺиֳһ˼ͷ۾ɵùԲ˵ɵýˣ㲻ҵɡ
˵أҲһʱףҶЦ˵
㣬ôҵҶЩҵ˵㲻Ҷֵܡ
Ļûи˵ͨصؼҶп
߰ɣǽɽǽͱƣҲƽߣ
һʱỹ޷ʵҶҶ¶Եһ棬˭˵
ȣȵȣ㲻ȥ𻯹޵ͣһ̤𻯹Ͳܻų뵽ⳡııҶסҶĸ첲
İɣҶ̤𻯹壬ħ帶ۣ
߰ɣ
˵꣬Ҷһ˻䱸ɭϵ𻯹ȥ
վסûκ˲ڡ
Ҷһ𻯹ɽŵʵĵǣƵʵ
˭ɱ⣡
Ҷ˵콣ʣ콣⣬մ䣬ֲϢ𻯹ӣ˫һŵò̱ڵϡ

콣ʱһ콣Ƶ𻯹һѪ˳ȥ
Ҷûͣ½Ų̤𻯹ʯ̵ɵĽݣһλȺɽɽ۵𻯹ȥ
Ǹʲôʱɽ֮
һֱҶʵҶһ𾪵˵
Ҫ֪Ϊһ֮Ҫͨʵ⣬ҪӵоֶΣοҶʱҶʵǿ
ǰʱ£һԲ˵Ҷ΢΢һЦ
󵨣ǺˣΪδҹӣô𻯹
Ҷһٶȼ𻯹ȥʱһŭıͷѩףƳۣƳ죬ֳߣŶʮ𻯹ӣסҶһˡ
˽֮ʥŮף
콣һ̤ǰɢηĽ⣬Ե˵
ҿҵģ
֪Ҷһ˵⣬澳𻯹϶ʱŭˣµ̸ֳǵ壬ڽУγһɱ
Сģǧɱв벽񣡡
źУܼƵľ޴ͼҶʵҶ硣
ߣСҲ赲
콣ʣһƷ潣Ƴ壬ͷͷŴ̶Ľ
ҶĻ콣ʣʶ򳬹һİ벽񣬶Ϊ޽ǵսǿټƷ֣Կһ¼
ն
콣ʣͬʱ֣ݵĵڽƷ潣У˲û򽣣ڸգǧɱǧɱݻһڰмҵĶԳ
ǧɱȻˣȴֵס콣ʣʵɱ
һϵܼУ콣ʣٴγ֣նԸɽӵľ֮絹٣նǧɱ
ǧɱƣ𻯹Ĵɫ䣬ڵһ֣ͬƸǿʥ콣ʺʡ
ǵʵ콣ʶԶ콣ʶͬʱ֣ݿĽâ˲˺𻯹ڸֵĹն˳ȥ
ۡ
Ѫ𻯹ĴͬʱһѪ˳ȥײһľҲ
Ϊ壬һϣǲҪңɱ⣡
ҶĮؿһ˲ĴϣԼסڽں˵𻯹ӣĮ˵
˵꣬Ҷһ˼ɽ
һΣû˸ҶһˣͻȻ𻯹Ϣȴ˲䴫𻯹𻯹ﻮƻԼ𻯹壬ħܡ
ܿ죬Ҷһ޽Ⱥɽۣ֮޽ĹӶ׳繬һ𻯹⡣
ʱ̤ǰһ˺Ӵ֮ǰʥŮס


2081 Ƶ
䣡
Ļף𻯹ըȻ󲨡
֮Ҷ磬ҵСˣ
Ǻε˲µ֮Ǻˣ磬ҲֻҶڹϣʥŮס
ֻĸǣҶ羹Ȼҡһ䣬Ϊ˽֮
վסûйǲý𻯹
𻯹ӿʮʵĸ֣ס𻯹̻Ի͵Ĺţǳ
𻯹ֵľ棬Ҷһ˳ţǰȻһе̬ŭ𻯹֣Ƿ׷ٻʥҪ
ģ
һ̤ſ˿ֲĽ֮˲ǵ𻯹֡
ǿĽ֮򹥻£𻯹ٻһͨʥ鲣һˡ
ÿɣҽ׵ģɱ䣡
ڽ֮Уɫ԰ףɪɪ𻯹֣Ҷ絭Ȼ˵
˵꣬Ҷýջ˽֮򣬻߽˸߶Ƚ䱸طƣͼƵ𻯹С
Ҷ磬ˣ
Ҷһ˸ո߽𻯹һĶС
ƳۣȲ͸Ųŭ֮񣬴һ𻯹߲㣬𻯹ǰ
尵йᣬΪ˽ұƳ𣿡Ҷӭ˫壬ħ˳ɣҪزˡ
Ҷ磬Ǻõ
ʱ𻯹ǰͻȻƿѺۣϰ壬ħܴѺ˳
Щ壬ħУҶ緢ڴܣʮڴܣԼʮڴܡ
ʣµ澳ֵƷ׶ܸߡ
ȻΪ˻ɱҶ磬ı졢ħ˼߳ҵ
̫죬̫أǳɣƾǿסң
Ȼǰ졢ħ㹻ǿ󣬸ڴ򣬵ҶԲܱвҶģֻ̫죬̫죬ħؼԼδ졢ħԲܡ
Ҷ磬ǲ̫Լˣǳ־Ѿˡ
һɫۣźɫħڣӥǣ۾ݽյħؿҶ
뾪ħ˭ǿ˭ҶЦЦԵ˸㣬ħҴɱˣҲ벽ĺ󳾣ҿԳȫ㡣
̫ϳɱģ
Ϊ̫죬̫Ϣħ˲֪ħҶɱ֮¡
Ҷ˵ͷʹĳϵħɱˣҲϣ˵ʵҶɱˡ
ҶŵĻȫŭ졢ħܣһɹɱ籡ռҵĲ췣һ㡣
Х񣬾Ŷħ˻ôô󣿡
սһʱһͳͻȻһϮɫۣ·ľƣͻƵ¼񾳵Ĺ峤ڣʮϢֲĴܳ𻯹⡣
ǧ
Ȼǹ峤ĿȴߣһϮɫۣͷѩףͦɣӷ·ռΪһߣߣǹ£һֻ̤ԲĹǧ
Ȼǧṳ̂Բųǿ壬ԲҲѻܹǧο£źܶ಻Ϊ֪ĵơ
˹ǧڣ廹һǹϯ̫ϳϣڼ´ܹ̫裬һҶӹоȳڹԴ£ͻƵ¼񾳵Ĺ̫Դ
ǧ񣬹峤ôôˣ
ͻȻĹˣᵽһ˿ѰϢʵ
ҶС𻯹ףҵģ¶ŵЦݵ
ڵĻ졢ħܵɫ쳣ѿû뵽徹ȻʱͦҶ硣
л峤λǰǰ󣬴˶û
Ҷɳǣȴһֱȴǵȴ֣ҪԿ졢ħ𻯹ƾҶյԶԶ
峤Ҷģ֪𻯹κƻҶǹͬĵˣƱ𻯹졢ħ彻񣡡ؾ
ΣҹԶ졢ħΪѣϢ׾Ĺǧ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ͦþƷ΢ı仯е˷ŭ
ǧľʧ
ͻȻһͳ𻯹ǰѿһѺۣһ³ۣҫ޾ǹ⣬ѹһռ˳
񣡡
³۵ߣڵüͷ΢΢һ£ϳǻϯ̫ϳ񣬶ɢϢпͻƵԲ
£û뵽ҲˣȻϢȹǧֲڹǧϣȴδ¶֮ɫ˫¶ŨŨս⡣
ǧȥԲǼƽϽ֮£Ե˵պ壬Ȼˮˮ
ȻˣͲȥǧҡҡͷӲ˵Ҫսǡ
úúãȻ岻֪Ǿͱˣ۾ɱ֣޾ǹƳ壬ռ䣬ֲϢѹռҵĲ
սһ


2082 Ҷǿ

ͻȻ𻯹һʮ𻯹⣬ǿ̬ɽĽƣֱӴ𻯹С
ˣ
ҪֵХ񣬿ʮ֣üͷšһ𣬲ɵÿ˳ŵҶ硣
ӽվ嵽ĿģпһҶġ
СӺεºܣȻùš졢ħвԸԺðͬͷҶ˼ر仯
ҶСѣĻɣһˬ𻯹
ɫۣǿü͸ϵ񣬴һڱ仯εܣ߽ѹֵ𻯹С
ǰͻƵھˣ
оϢ췭ظı仯ҶĴϲǰ
ʵټ飬ȫԲһս
ͻƵڣҲ̤뵽ڣǶ⣬˴ǰģһܡ
ֻϢǣľҶһʱҲ޷ֱʵʵ
ǡʼ񣡡
Ҷ粻ʶɫۣϢǵߣµԼǧȴϳ
۷ʱڵ񣬸Ŀǰһ̫ʼһֱбأֻ֪Ĵڡ
꣬ʼڼ´ܣôȥˣп̤Բ硣
û뵽ʶϹͷʼ¶ѵõЦݵǧ񣬾Υˡ
ݼʼ񣡡Ҷû뵽廹һϹŶǰ
һӶһԲܣҶԿ졢ħ𻯹
úãʼ˵ͷСѣϹͷ㱧˹顣
ʼĻ졢ħ˶ʱɫѿ
ѾЩͷֱۣŤת˾ƣе˼֡
Ҳû뵽Ҷ羹ȻӵôԼΪ˽֮壬岻ϧǰ
񣬽ʥŮף֪𣿡
͹Ҷʮ㣬ɫ񣬰Եʵ
ߣ𻯹ܸı䣬壬ҲУһǿӲػӦ
𣿡Ҷ¶һ˿ЦݵϣһᣬĿôӲ
˵ţҶ罫׷а飬بŵٻ˳
ʮĴ벽񡭡
ͻȻֵķ׷ħˣԼ콣ʵˣ𻯹
й壬壬ҶѾ㹻ֲҶзаˣֱȫԲ¶֮ɫ
ʵֲųƻ̫ĴڣԵĶֲֶ̫
ʼ񣬹ǧûбʤİգҶ米󣬻Բܳ
Ҵӷ׷ϣᵽǿҵΣϢɣ׷ʵʼ
ҪȢʥŮڻ𣿡Ҷ翴ɫˮ¶˭İһʵ
úúãҶ磬ԽԽСˣɫ˵һǾ仰𻯹ѳɶ֣ݲøġ
ȻǾͱҲ𻯹ˣ
˵ţҶϵɽһ緢Ȼһ䣬·һ㣬졣
׷˵Ҳһ̱ӿ񷡣
ֲƴҿռ䣬𶯴أ𻯹òʵõ𻯹졢ħ־壬ѡ
̫峤峤ôû
ҶͷŵĿֲƣʵе˿־壬æѯʵ
ʱ˿̣Ҳֻ̫죬̫쵽ŤתƣȻ𻯹ƱػᱻҶ縲
̫峤̫峤ǰʱһֱڱչأѽ﷢¸λ峤ӦÿҪˣһ
⡭
֪̫죬̫컹ڸ·ϣĳһ˿ңԺвϵһͷ
ȵҶ硭˼ȥ֪ԼĿǰֻʱһ취ҿԸ׵ĻᣬҪܿ顣
ǲͨ飬ͬ⽫¼޸ңҶϵ뷽跨ʱ䣬˵
ͨ飬˵壬Ҿͽ¼޸㣡
Ҷյֲ̫Ҳòͷʱ䡣
ҿԽĿ飬ҶҪ£УǰҪµƸ
ҿ£ܽƸ㣡ҡҡͷֱӾܾ
ӦڵĴûּۻۣ㲻Ӧҵھ̤ƽ𻯹Ҷ¶˭İӲ˵
Ͳɱʵ
³£ұ֤ɢ׹ֻأ𻯹ҲӴ˻ҷ𡣡Ҷв
𻯣ӦֻҪ̫峤̫峤һҲ뿪ʱ
ãҴӦͱ˵Ҷ磬һ㿼ڼ䣬ұȽ·ӡ
ԣҶһڴӦ
Ҷƣ֪˭Ц


2083 
磬ΪҪô鷳أǵʵɱ񣬵ʱȻܾӣʱ䣬һ̫죬̫ˣǾ鷳ˣ
ʮֲ⣬Ҷ֪ʱ䣬ִ͡
ѵã̫죬̫սʱ𣿡Ҷ紫㣬ң׷ʼǧ֣ԶԿ̫죬̫죬һ
һҪһڣһʦĽڣһ𻯹Ľڡ
ϾһѪ𻯹ʥأΪѣ𻯹пܻ⵽ҲԸ⿴ģ壬ǾͲһˣ
УҪѣҪȷû£Ҷ罫Լ뷨˷
ţҲĿǶԵģ˵ͷȰ˵Ҷ硣
Ҳ´γͻ廹᲻ͦҶ磬Կ϶ǣԪʣ޼ʼ񲻻뿪ˣǶԿ̫죬̫ԺõĻᡣ
Ҷĸ鼫Ϊˡ
Լһʱ䣬ɫ۵ͬ£˻ҵǰС
ĿԣᣬȾʪ¶͵ǣΪ𻯹֮ʯƣʧȥɣֻԶԶؿҶ硣
ѣţһ뿪𻯹
û£Ҷŵ˵أ΢ţÿ˵
£һ÷Сˣɫ˵Ӹѡ
Ҳû뵽δҶ磬Ȼô鷳˾·
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Ҷûٵʱ䣬ɫˮ񣬴ʵ
ֻҪܴҾʹӦ¼޸㣬뿪ͳ˵
λǰԵƬ̣˵Ҷ˵
ãǾȥΪѹ󣡡
ʼ񣬹ǧû飬ǰ𻯹󷽣ռ㣬ʯɣǿ󷨽е⡣
ʼǰǧǰ׷ǰ񣬵ͨ飬һ֣ӣ
ȻҶ֪񽫿ѶȾԺܴ󣬵η壬
İɣڣκ˺ӣ
Ҷдʼ˵ͷŵ
ǵԼѾüʯϣ㲻ҪڣȻҶ𻯹ҶԵ˵
ģֻҪͨ飬ʳԣҧ˵
ֲܿӡʯһԴҶЩǵѵ
İɣѣʯҲܽ飡
ҶҶ¶ŵЦݣ£ģ˱ǿ󷨽ֵ
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𻯹ʥڴܣʮڴܣҲҪʱ䣡
Ǿͺã˵ͷҸոϵ̫峤̫峤λ峤һھܸϵ𻯹ʱǲѷɡ
ƣ
ɵ⣬Ҷ˲ȼ˺֮Ѫƺһȭ
꣡
ĽƣܲסҶһȭֱ֮ˡ
ô
üͷһƣ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾҶոһȭ
һȭ󷨽ƣҶʮɸߣ̻ŹϵƣǶ׵ĴŴ˫ֱڽֱƿ˺صĵţ߽С
ţǡʯ
վŴԼҶоڵһʯƣʯ
ˣ
̤Ҷ緢еľ˱仯Լ·׹뵽˻ȪУС
ĶһѪſѪȵͣ¶ų˺ҧѪ⡣
˶лдãʬɣҪ˺顣
ʯȻǿ󣡡
ȻҶ֪ǰһУʯûģһжޱȵʵ⵽˺ҧֵ֮סҧһѪ⣬ʹ顣
⵽˺ҧ⵽ãʬɵĹҶȴûз˺˺۵Զͷȥ
ܿ죬ûˣֱûˣѪ¶˲࣬޴ʹвϵش̼˼
һУҶȻûзûзӦʹǰߡ
ȫ£ʣԴƯڰʱһͨڣϲŶ۴ԴޱȣײкͻȻ֣ѿѪڣһԴ


2084 
ǣ
ҶԴɵ˲䣬ΡߴĻľͻȻֱ֣˺ҶԴɣռ˺˵Ѻۡ
ǧȭ飡
һͻȻռ
ȭе֮ҶصʵС
֮˿ƵеþʯЩ˽⣬֪ԼԽἤ֮ԼԽʧɵһɲǣҲþʱʱ򹥻ȫһ˺þ
š
оҶ粻һʱ˺þϵıͻȻӲˣ¶˻ģ
ô𻯣
׽ı仯ʵ
Ҷеаţֻ˲һʱƵһؿ飡üͷĴĪĲ˲
ô졭üͷҲɵý
񲻶ϵشŶԲʱɫٴαˡ
ģôܣôֻðʱ䣬ѹڶؿռʯ
оѹʯҶһٵ¶ܻģһθоȫʧء
𻯣Ŀ飬ѶΣص˵
Ҷ̫죬̫쵽ǰƵǾ鷳ˡ
Ŀ飬ҵշﵽھ磡֪
ڣϣһʱɣͳ˵
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ٻԡ֮Դеĸ죬а쳤꣬ӵ޽ߵĺ֮һѹʯҶƻľʯ֮
ܿ죬ڻľ£ʯľɳ˷ĩľʯĿ̺֮Ļ
֮漰ԴĿ̺֮Ļֵߣ˵лʼػꡣ
ʯҶûмŲ֮ͷȥ
Ϊѹʯ٣е֮޷Ҷ繹Ӱ졣
ܿ죬ڼݵԱ£ҶľͷһڷӡһɫʯϣŨ֮ľ޴ͭŹס
ͭŹзӡѵշ񾳵
뵽ѵĸ֪ҶԼµͭŹзӡǺ
񽣻꣬ƣ
ȻҶоͭŹзӡͬСɣȴûеʱ䣬񽣻ӳ꺣һ˺ͭŹױķӡڹŹг˯ɡ
໣
һĺͭŹ
صĹŹױһֻڵĴƿͭսףһͷ˫ۿնð̹⣬ӵһͷīɫϢ֮˴˯Ҷ硣
ڣ
ͨɢϢҶ֪ʵ
ӵ˫Ҷ磬Ѿ޾ڴˡ
࣬ʵڲӦôűߣſ׹ͣײе
Ҫϻˣٳһսɣ㣬Ӧþ뿪ɣ
Ҷֳ˴֮Դĸ͵˵
࣬
ҶĻŭɵͭŹ֮ϣڽеͭŹٻС
䣡
ƳһƣͭŹʯһҶ磬ֲռ䶼˵Ѻۡ
ͭŹײҶһ̤˼Ӳĵ棬һȭӭȥ
ҶȭͷͭŹʱʮڽֱӹ뵽ͭŹС
أ
ʴɵͭŹ˲ˣķѵˤܡ
һȭͭŹףҶ˲һǰնĸ͵Ĺ
໣
սȻֲǿȴֵסҶ͵Ĺ
򣬽֮򣡡
ΪսپɱҶһα¶˫ƣ
ںͽ֮УоһΡĴɽݺݵѹԼϣţ񽣳֣һϢĽӣϵع壬ƻķ
ԽԽأϵؼڵ֮ȫ˫Ҫ˫ơ
ǧȭ
ȫ˫ʱҶ˲ǰں˫֮ߺǧȭϵع壬Ӳͭ׺ˡ
ʧȥͭףķҲܲסڽĺͲݻ񽣹Ľ֮屻ǧٿףԽԽ
޼
ΡߴĻľӰҶҶںǿĻ֮صһ
أ
ڻ޼ǿƻ£ˡ
һ̣򣬽֮һγɵ˫֧֮Уһٺɱ
ƣ
ݻ˫򣬺ɱҶľͷֳĸն޵һһ˺
ǰǰ󣬲Žȥʱ


2085 ʼ֮
ʲô
ʱƵ⾪׵һĻľþ޷ƽ޷ʵ
֣
ץסʧ֮ʣ׷Լǧͬʱ֣˱ʯƵѣȫʯƣҪȳѡ
ȫ֣ɵƻʯֵס
꣡
ʯѣߡ
ߣûôף
ۿѱߣع¶֮ɫгһǿ֮ƣƲѵı֮ơ
꣡
΢΢ֱѵơ
ţѵˣѪ
ȻһԶŵСˣ
Ҷ磬ĿǰһĻһɳŭǻ緢ֲɱ·ܴҿռ䣬η
Ʒ࣬Ļ꣡
飬׼ѣƵƷУҪƷӹһ١
֮꣡
ʱٴγ֣ʯйֱֲ֮ƽУҪɱƵꡣ
⵽ʯƷ౬֮͸ѵֵ֮
ײһ𣬶ʱ˿ֲĻֱӽѵ˺ѵǧٿף
ণ
һһſͣ³ȵķ𹥻ʯ
˺𣬷ķﵽļ£糤ʯϵڻ֮
飬գ
ǧиֳһŹ飬شڽİɫӣֱӽأѣ뵽ȻԵս˹鱣
󣬸
ʯ⵽ʱֶΣʯΪģں𻯹֮γ˿ֱֲӽǧ׷С
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Ȼ˺֣ƷౣסһֹۣʱҶҲû˹˼ɣ˲ں˻編֮࣬ģʵ˼£ɱ
ʱɳǬɻصаС
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ԲͻȻǰĿռ䣬ݻһƬǿգƬǿУף޵еף·˵
£۸һСʲô£Ϲͷĸаɣ
ݻ޵е֮ɱҶʱʼǿֱ֣˺ݻǿգݵ֣ؿڡ
ʼһƣƺΣտԣûһ˿УȴΣտ£ǿ֮еֵ
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֮Ϯײʼϵʱȴ޷赲ץƣ׷׵顣
䣡
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񡭡
ĿʵǿʼһɣڴĴ𣬿ʼþ֡
ͬΪԲʼ¶սȴԶ
ȿȿȡ
һƻʼȴҵĿȻԪɺԵÿһγ֣˼֮ٶȡ
ʼǰŻ㣬Ҳã
ҶʼߣһŻľոɣ̺֮Ļ͸ʼ
ʼҲʶ֮ˣҶĻǵ۶ʱ
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ʼûҶл󣬽Ż̵ֱ˶С
£
֮£ʼϨ֮΢΢ȼһһԽǧף񷢶
֮ʼʱû˹ǣսҲӵ˼£˲ѹס񣬲ϵ˺ݻһδش塣
ʼȫѹʱ壬壬а񣬻ޣˣҲ졢ħ𻯹ּսһ
񣬽ұ㣡
Ҷ籩һ֮֮һʯ
أ
Ҷֲ̫СĿ澳ܣֱӱ飬Ѫ
䣡
ҶԺһԲռ˲顣
Ȼؼʵǿ󣬵ȴδֵܵסҶһȭ֮ӽڽڵİˡ
ڣαӹȻʵҶɱȻ
ͭף
û뵽Ҷ˵Ŀֲٻͭף۳һ𻯹Ȧս
һȭҶһ̤سɴǰ֮һյȭâ
ƣ
͵ǧڽصͭףײҶ硣
䣡
ͭҶӶɵȭͷӭϵعͭףʮڽȫͭ׵ͭ׽ڽڵİˡ
ãɱ
ͭױҶǿƺʱͭףų˷ӡͭеãǵҶ磬Ĺ


2086 ҶVS
ãȻȵƣ
ŷɳͭ׵ãڣɫ䡣
һֲּ飬ǿ󣬿ƿֱ֮Ѫ
⵽˶ùùڣ˲ɵõҶİΣ
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⵽ǧƵùҶ粢ţѸٳſΧγ˰ڽԼ޵񽣣Ľɱá
Ȼֲȴܲסͽ֮˫عϵر塣
գ֮䣬ǧƵʧ˰Уδ˺Ҷ磬ͱҶ˫ɱ
⣬ʲô򣡡
ɴ˫ۣ¶˲֮ɫţԼķãôױҶˡ
򽣹ڣ
֮ʣҶƻΧ޵񽣣Ƴ˫籼ϮĽӣϯ
飡
򽣹Ϯ񲻶ϵݼµ⣬ݻ𣬵ֵ򽣹ڵĹ
ͨڰмҶʱҶĸںһݻ˫ɱ⣬
һ񣡡
һ̳ɱ顣
֮⻪ľɱâ޵еĽڽڵİˣϵʩչɱнз
ԵʵֵסҶ̳һʱ˫Ҷб˲佫˫С
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Σʱ̣ſǿ򣬻ڰҪֵ˫Ĺ
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ѺԽԽ࣬Ҷ£һ
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Ҷ̤µͨԽŵԽԽԽԽصֶΣںɱ¾֮Ĺõɱ¾֮꣬ڽ塣
䣡
ںϵ˲䣬һηɱ¾֮ûīͷ˫ǣħһɱ¾֮ӰӲҶ̤µͨԽţ˺˫
ɱ¾֮꣡
Ҷû뵽ȵƣ¶֮ɫ
ȴûмϵص˫֮ѹ񣬼ơ
ɱ¾һ
Ʋϼأŭˣȼɱ¾֮꣬˻һֱҶ˫ЩǱ˳ȥ
Ȼ򵥣
Ҷû뵽ƿ˫򣬳ֳ֮ĸ
֮壡
Ƽأ⿪𻯹ȫӡǿ֮壬޸ƣһʵҶڰмҵɱ
ҶͼսʼȴѹԵƣϵشֻƾһ˫۵֣ٻĵƣһδνɡ
ҪǻĻ첻ܾ㹻죬͵ֵסʼĹ
񴦾Σգ졢ħԼ𻯹ĴͬΣգֵסа񣬽͵Ĺ澳ܱɱ
졢ħڴܣԵֵں飬ֳ
䣡
ս˫սȻ׶ʱħɶħʱ壬һħ¼Ӳһħ¼ˡ
ʱһֱȴĻ˻񸫣һʧصħ¼
ţѿѪڣһڽħ¼̵˶УǿĻ֮н飬ɱ
໣졢ħ飬ԹүүĶɣ
ǿʳһħ¼ܣŵĴħϣ졢ħܡ
ھȫʧأҪҪߣλ峤ɱ
˺۵ХԶԶһ۱ʼȫѹסƵ⣬
ãǳ𻯹
⣬ϣҪ졢ħ˳𻯹
ߣ˭߲ˣ
Ҷ缤ɱ¶֮ɫʮ졢ħߣǵȴ𻯹Ľ֣֮ٻһµ̣һڵ֮⣬̻ˡ
һ̣ڽ𻯹Уһ𻯹֣𻯹У졢ħ·
ڸʲôٹر뿪
·ӡХ˴ŭ
Х񣬾ŶħŭţͭףϵصֵҶ͵Ĺ
ģǼˣ
Х˷ԼζըˣֻҧаħǼҵɱ
졢ħĴԽԽΣʱס񣬹ǧ׷ܲס͵Ĺ˵Ѻۣܵģ뵽Ԩ


2087 
֮ȼգ
֣ʯѹסˣһǾƽȫʧأϧһд۵ȼ֮뵽У̶ս
Ȼȼڶʱǿսȴʮֵأûϰʱ븴ԭ
ԭʼ̥ҷӡ
ںȼյ֮ʱҶٻԭʼ̥ĴϹԼаɲǧǣƽȼյУǿзӡ𻯹
Ҷ磬ɣ
ں㹻֮սǵһȫµĳ̶ȣһȫĵ뵽ͭУĴҶ硣
ǿĵ⼤£ͭе޾ӳ˲񷣬һ㡣
ǧȭ
ͭײĴ漶ͼ籡Ҷ壬˹֮ͷ
Ҷ˫ȭĵ֮Ҷڳʮڽںһ𣬻һſɵȭͷعͭס
䣡
һʱ䣬·һӣϵҡֲƻһУ𻯹һĽ˷档
䣡
ҶӲͭʱٵ𻯹һѧݻɲĹγ޾Ĺ𣬹Ҷ硣
ƣ
޾ϮҶٴγſ˺򣬽ڽϽһĹ顣
䣬⼫
ͫһ䣬޾Ĺٵۣѹ£һ⣬ǿƽҶſĺУ˺һȱڡ
֮ƣ
ۿҶſĺƣҶѸٵĳſ˽֮򣬿ƽ֮򲻶ϵۣһ񽣣նʩչĴɱУǿ˹ݻĹ⼫
򽣹ڣ
޼
ƵĹҶ壬սݻ򽣹ڣݻ޼ͬʱʩչͨ񷢶һ
ģСѵ֪ƣ𣿡
ʩչͨݻļ󣬵֣ҶȴԽսԽ¡
䣡
ݻҶͬʱʩչͨײһ
ͨͬʱѣͷųĻ֮ҶʱҶ罫ս˼£ĸڱ֮ѪĸĹʩչĿǰյǿһУ
٣
һĸб޵еĵϣֲ֮ﲻƣ𣬻һе飬ǿտռ䶼һ»ػΪ磬ֱӽɫޱ䣬㲻ûˣƻ塣
ۣ
һƻֲ̫ܲס׹ʱвϵһڿѪ
Ǳһ飬֧顣
ɱ¾֮꣬޸
ʧص彫ҳһ󶴣ɱ¾֮꣬ٵ޸Ƶ塣
ʱҶ֮ĸǿĹһն
ͭף
оĸ͸Ļ֮־ˣٻͭף壬ֵĸĹ
ĸ˴֮ԴԶԶͭס
ȫһͭױĸֱӶŲƵĸֱӴ̽Уϵƻ
ɱ¾֮Ұγѽ
ϱĸƻʹɱ¾֮ǿаοϵĸ
ʱ֮Ѫ˲ָҶĵ񣬲ϴ
֮ƣ
ԽԽأ񲻶ϵصֵ֮Ҷ繥ơ
ȼյԭʼ̥ϵطӡӰں֮ٶȡ
ͣ
ۿ͵ҶͻȻ𻯹˺һ޴ȱڣһƥĽɫâһ裬նҶ硣
Σգ
ݵᵽŨŨΣϢҶջĸܵ㡣
˲䣬ǰĿռ䱻ɫâһ׵ĺڶֲĽӲҶˡ
ʲôˣ
Ҷ֮ʣһģӰѱٶȳڼ򱬵ǰҪߡ
һ񣡡
Ҷޣߣĸںһʮʱ٣һںڹеˡ
ݣ
Ҷһٴδ̳һֲĽֵסһ񣬻ҶʮףڵѪҵط
ţһ˲̳ʮĽâûһУҪɱҶ硣
򣬽֮򣡡
Σʱ̣Ҷſ˫򣬽˫ʮâ˼£֮顣
˼ʱ˺˺
ʯգ
ԥһ£˼ʯصص𻯹ͻΧ


2088 ɱ
׷
Ȼ˵ʵֲҶߣ׷ϡ
ʧȥ֧֮ţ𻯹½˻һͽ˺һޱȾ޴ȱڣص˳ȥ
ߣ
Ҷ籩һʱ£̳˼ٱٵһˣҪס
׷񣬹ǧҲʱҶԣҪˡ
Ҷ׷ʱһɽ࣬ɫսֳһ޴ħɢħ˭ӣһֻޱȾ޴˫Ѫ죬ų棬𻯹⡣
ħ񣡡
Ҷħ⻯֣ӣϳħ峤Բľħ
µ棬ħһħ棬սھħ
ݣ
þħ赲Ҷ˵˲Ϣ˲ϵؼ٣صʧ𻯹⡣
ˣǵҲˣ
ħħ棬ŵֲǰĿռ졣
أ
ħ䣬һѪӰǱ˳֮ʱüͷһ£¶֮ɫ
񣡡
ص񣬾ħĴȻʵϾҲԲܣ˵ָ
ħû뵽Ҳˣ֪ʦħ𣿡ɫۣǿش֮ʼ֣Ρߴ󣬲һľħ˵
ʼ񣬾Ȼ㣬㻹ţʼģħһܿ죬ָ̬ʦȻţֻûлʦˡ
˼ѾʤԻϹͷˣʼǵ˫¶ŨŨս
ʦĳ𣬽ħԵ˵
ʼħ峤ħУϹʱڶ˾ν֣ÿν֣ħ޷ʼ񣬶һν֣ʼشħħ񲻵òλħ
Ӵħأû
㻹̫Զ
ʼʵֲ̫ش񣬼ûжģһ̤˲ھħǰ֯سʼ֮Ӱħ񷢶
ʼϮħʩչħӭһħӰӲʼ֮оޱߵķˡ
䣡
޴ı
ʼնոŰԵһľħԼµȴʼףȫѪҵط
ʼǰ̫죬̫ӦþͿˣǻشħ˵ʼǿ˾ħʱҶ˵
ãǾɱ
ʼ˵ͷûִħһָ£˹˾ħ档
ʼһ˵սͳ˾ħ׷񣬹ǧͬʱ֣˲ѹס˾ħ档
ҶûйħֳĸЯž콣ƣصҪô˻Ὣɱʵ
ģҲҹ񣡡
⵽Ҷ繥ĸը˷ΣƣҶ缤սһ
򣬽֮򣡡
ϮҶ˲ſ˫򣬽˫ֵ֮Ĺ
¡¡
񷢶Ĵɱк˫ʱ˫֮޵޷˵Ҷ硣
⣬ʲô򣡡
ȻأԼսȫлնɱҶ磬֣֮Ҷ˫֮󣬲ϵĹơ
򽣹ڣ
޼
Ҷں˫֮˲ݻͨ
ԵʵݻϾѧӲҶͬʱͨʱ񽣻ڽĸУĸһɫ⣬һؿڡ
ȻսԶԶҶ磬ʼһս̫أһδʩչ첻ܾ͸֧Ǳս½
ۣ
³ƣȫĸ̴ִټ䣬ֻǿʵȫ㡣
ǧȭ
㿪ĸȴ޷Ҷһֹȭ˲ϵغӰк䵽˵档
ͨԽţ
ΪǱӵؿзɳʱһֻޱȾ޴ĴӡݺݵزϣֽȽ˵زС
Ϊϯ̫ϳϣһ裬̫أֵסҶ͵Ĺ
⣬׼ߣպһᱨʱҶƺ򣬽֮ܵĻᡣ
ǹӰ
⵽򣬽֮˫عص񲻵òȫſеֵ
¡¡
ײһ𣬲˾ҵҶ˾޴ѹ
Ҷĺ̫֮ǿӵк֮ѪȫԳܾ޴ѹģȴ޷ʱ֧š
ʱƣԽԽأϵرſǲѺۡ
򣬽֮˫ѹ
о֧ŲסҶǿн˫֮˼£ȫѹֱӽſѹˣ˾޴ɡ
һ̣編ɳҶ壬仯˻ľɫ룬ƽƵУڵ
ʹУ֮ٵؿήձľɣޱǿĻ


2089 ̫죬̫
Ҷľɱ˵񣬾ħĴͬΣա
ʼ񣬷˫ع£ħĹƱǺȫѹƣ仯ɿ̬棬Ǳ׷񣬹ǧӰ˵棬ʹధ
ˣ
оϢͻȻʧħ˹ȥ񱻻ľɳ˸ʬˣԲȻҶɱ
ħΪʱʼ֯һǧ׳ӰſѪڣײ˾ħ
䣡
һϵмҵı
ݻ޵ħ֮ľħ񣬱ʼ۵ӰӰ˵档
ţݻһֻȼŷķӰȶȵĻᣬײ˾ħ
ɡ
Σʱ̣ħٻħ֮֮һɡѸٵĳſԼǰһأӲӰ
ʼǰ㣡
ɱҶں˻編˹ֳĸʼ񣬷񹥻ħȫѹơ
Ȼħٻɡˣе¾ɵǿһֵ֮סʼ񣬷Ҷ͵Ĺƣֻݻ޵ħƴķ
սǿҲֵס׷񣬹ǧĹ׷ʩչվǧﻯľһδشޱǿѪ죬Ѫģ
а˼ս졢ħ֣ͬأɱ
壬壬ͬ졢ħȣǵ
ڼҵɱУ콣ʣʣ棬⵽˼صĴˣҪبżʱþĽߣǼпܻ𻯹
Х񣬾ŶħӰɣټȥǼпȫû
ֵסаΪ׵һ򹥻졢ħڴܲϵشХˣҪѸ
ʵХ񣬾Ŷħӣħĳ֣ǲֻӲͷƤȴ̫죬̫쵽
ħѹأ
ԽԽأħĵƣٻ˾̻Źħƣ㼯һͼħΧֵҶ͵Ĺ
ħû뵽ħȻⱦ㣡
ŻھħΧѹصľħʼ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ϊħħı֮ħΪδˡ
𣬱һᱨģ
ھħ£ħõһ˿ϢĻᣬѸٷ浤ƣָĵ
ħΪھħУϷκβ㣿ʼſͣ³һöһʼӡ
öӡʱռ䷢Ť·ܲסöӡҪ
ۣ
ٻӡʼһڰɫı֮ѪڽӡС
ʱӡ·һ̫ʼӡи
ӡʼѪѣ֮ѪʼȴøӵĲϣ͸֮
Ȼñ֮ѪӡʼѸɺԵ֮
ʼǰŻ㣡
оʼҶóһ̺֮Ļһ̺Դ֮ĻԼһѪݣʼ
л
ҶŻԼһѪݣʼҵ˫͸˵ɣһţŻһѪ̵˶Уٵ
ŻһѪ£ʼ͸ǿʼӡȫײ˻ھħΧľħϡ
䣡
ڷ·̫ʼƵʼӡ£ħҵĲһ£ֲ֮˾ħžħڽڵİˡ
ӣ
ʼʼӡʱҲٻӣײȥ
˴֮ԴӵҲʼӡӵĹħԽԽþħٴγܾ޴ѹ
˫ѹ
ʼ񣬷ȫʱҶſǿ˫ȫѹƾħ
ۣ
ħƾħ˰ʱʱҲܲסҶ˺˾ħ⵽ػصطɵǧ⡣
棬
ħˣƸأ׷񣬹ǧ£ȫѪģвٵط¶ɭ׵Ĺͷæٻ˳
ȫʧأĸľħҲȴ֮ġ
ͻȻɿֲϢԼٶȷ𻯹
оϢħ졢ħִϲҶ磬ȴ¶֮ɫɵԶѱٶȼٷ
졢ħݾʱ̫죬̫ˡ


2090 ֮ս
ս
̫ĵ⣬ݻһ̬һ޵µ̬նҶˡ

ٵ޵նʼԽһҶͷǰݻ޵ӭȥ
ɿֲͨײһƻԲĿռ
Լ̫ݻսƿʼĹһն
𣡡
ȼȵķ𣬷ռ䣬һֻˣײսƵ̫Ĺ
ħ棬ץס̫죬̫ע˲ϢѸӵߡ
Х񣬾ŶħˣҲص졢ħӳص𻯹̫ߣѰűӻ
Ҷ磬ҵСֶˣû뵽ϣȻô֣ʼΪأ
ɫƳۡͷڣ̤ѥ͸Ųŭ̫죬Ҷ磬ɱȻ
̫죬̫죬ҲСǵƤˣΪ˱ƳңǾȻֶΣҶЦһԵҿһˣڶˣҲǺƤİɡ
Ҷ磬ΪǣܿҺ̫峤δЩˣ̫Į˵
ܲһԲ֪ˣҶЦЦѱ˵
̫峤ҪϻˣסңһַԣɫۣɢŻ֮һ̫ɭȻ˵
ߣһҲܲˣ̫˵
ոиµҲΪƿҵȴɱˣҶЦһˣʬ廹ͻǰɡ
˵ţҶ罫µʬǬٻ˳ɫˮ̫졣
ɱ£̫ҧгݵ˵
ǻ֣ԲܣӰʵ
ɱֲǵһɱ񣬶ˣһ˸һ£ҲɱģҶ̫ˡ
Сӣʷģһң꣡
̫ҧгݵ˵ҲƲסеŭ𣬳ҶӡһƣһƻǬҪҶɱ
վ
ۿ̫ӡӡҶ磬׷ݻϾѧ˲۳ֻĺӭȥӲ̫Ĺ
У㾹Ȼɽˡ
׷ݻվ̫¶֮ɫһֱеУȻɽҶ硣
ڵң׷գ
׷ָʵò޵ؿŵĻ֮һ˵
׷ա׷û
׷ϡϤף̫ϳӵ⡣
ɱЩҰļңΪǧǧ˱ô׷ԵػӦ
û뵽컹ôջ񣡡̫ϵɱŨûƾҲ
˵ţռľֳ̫壬ҡҷž޴ڣռ䡣
죬ñЩδ꣬µɣ
̫챩һƻľҡҷڣҶˡ
Ϸ£һ˵ʵʵ
ռľϮʼƿʼӡӭȥϱʼӡϵ˺ϮĿռ֮Ӳռľ
ߣʼ㶦ʢʱڣҲлֵҵĹڣԪ;ƿݣ̸ʲôԿң̫һƿռľʼӡײһ
һϵмҵĶԹʼƵʼӡռľɣʼܿռľĹѪһѪ
ʼ棡
ʼ̫콻ˣһǰסʧصʼ񣬽֮
ǽ֮ˣΪҵģ
ʼһסƣ̵˶УƱ֮Ѫѹƣս
ҶСѣ񣬹峤ǵ˶˺˶Զ˶ԶҲУ뿪
̫ʵʼ󣬶һ̫һԻһҶ˵
ã
ҶҲȼսǼ岻֣ѸٴƵ𻯹
׷񣬹ǧȴûߣʼ񲢼ս׼һͬԿ̫̫졣
ߣĸ϶ѣҪԿ񣡡̫һ˵ȻǱȫǣɱǣ壬ҵҪԺ˭ΪС
˵ţ֮Ƴ̫壬һֿ֣֮һֿƿռľʼˡ
̫ȫʱ̫Ҳٻ컯ѿɱ¾֮Ĺõɱ¾֮۹˹ʼмҵɱ
ʼȻռţ̫죬̫սǵǿռľʼ˴в
սԽԽң̫죬̫첻ϵʩչѧѹסʼ˵Ĺƣ


2091 ǿһָ
ãʼΣգ
û뵽̫죬̫ʵ˿ֲû壬ʼں飬ֳҲԿǡ
ľȥ
Ҷһֱսвʼ˵ǿռľٻ編࣬ƻ編仯һľľ˹ȥ
Ҫľѹƿռľʼ˵ѹ
š
ľٷ̫üͷ΢΢һ壬ҶԽı䡣
ʼ͵Ĺ£ҲϾɱҶ磬ҶȴѾҶ̡
Ҷ缱ٳɳȥһָоҶɳƱسΪͷ󻼡
ľɫϵ˿ռľ
ռľȥ
̫ʮľֲɫƽռľУƿռľҡҷž޴ڣͷſռֵ֮ɫ롣
ľռľսͬң֮ռ֮糱ˮײ޾ϯҰ޷
ʧȥʱľ̫սܵ˲СӰ죬ں飬仯ս̬ʼ񽥽˱ľ档
ɱ¾壡
̫ͫһٻ˴ɱ¾֮Ĺõ֮ɱ¾壬ʼ
ɱ¾ɱ¾֮Ĺһѹ֮ֲ̺̫Щɱ¾Ǳϱս̫൱
ɱ¾ʼ˵ѹٴӣոհصľ˲䱻ѹơ
аȥɱ졢ħĴܣɢ̫죬̫עҶɨһǰľ棬¶һ˿֮ɫʵǿа
ã
Ȼ֮ʼ񣬵սֲͬ˵ͷ
ǰǣΣգУ
˵ţҶԼٶȷ졢ħ֣׼֮ƣɱ֡

صľħ񿴵ҶϮĴŭֳ¾ɵնȥ
аն
ʵǿľħӵв֮аٶȼӭȥŰаǿӲħ
ԭʼ̥ɱ
ʱҶٻ㹻֮ӵ¼սԭʼ̥ӵϷ˳ȥɱ졢ħ塣
Ҳһ̣ݻͽ֮˲졢ħܡ
˫򹥻£ֽ˫졢ħ˲䱻ڽ飬˲ɥ
ĹͬĿֲϵݻͨ졢ħ澳ܣոǵ
񶨽ǻҷ𣡡
Ҷ磬ר澳ܻɱȫŭХ񣬾Ŷħˣȫ֡
Ҷ磬ӲƴֻһζĻɱ졢ħ澳ܡ
裡
صߺһѪбǿĳһʯײҶˡ
սֲ̫ȫײ£Ҷſ˫˵Ѻֲۣײ͸˫򣬸Ҷ˼ѹ
ҲڷŭХ񣬾Ŷħ񹥻£Χϱƣ޷ټɱ졢ħ澳ܡ
аĴΣգԾħ͵ĹĲֱ֮ӱˡ
Ǭգ
Ҷ翴аΣգѸٽսǬУʱ򣬽ٶ£졢ħĹ
Ҷ⵽졢ħŭ׷ɱʼ񣬷̫죬̫Ҳս˰Ȼ׶Ρ
Ϊɱ¾Ĵڣʼ˳˾޴ѹĵƣûҧؿ֧š
֪һܣǾƽȫʧأ̫죬̫ײеֶΣһš
˵һ޷ս˭Ц˭֮սռȻ
컯ʥ䣬֣֮ն
졢ħ澳ܵȫŭ̫ˣ̫켫ٵ컯ʥ䣬ֵ֮˲ûʮֲ֮Ӱնʼˡ
̫Ҳһ̣ת̫컯նʼˡ
飬ںϣ
ƹ
Σʱ̣ǧں˹֮飬Լʮľ֮һƹķ£ľʼǰǿķֵ̫죬̫Ĺ
ǧԵ̫죬̫նʱʼ˼ĬĽս˼£̫죬Ҫô˻Ὣش
䣡
֣֮컯ҫŴĿն䣬ֱӷƹӰݺݵغ˹ǧϣݿ塣
ۿǧﱻնĹӳǿǧγǿĽӡֺ֮컯ƻ

ণ
վ
ǧǿķƴʱʼ񣬷׷˷ǿĹ̫죬Ҫô˻Ὣش
һȺϣҲң
̫ͫһиֳһҰɫָʼ񣬷˷ǿһ
ҰɫָƲ󣬵һָȴռ䣬ʼ˵Ĺ˾ֵĿע£ݺݵѹϣһָش


2092 ˭۸Ҷ
ãʼ񣬷ǰˣ
ȫħХ˹Ҷ磬ͻȻʼ񣬷˱ָˣǧ֣֮컯Ƹأɫ˲ˡ
Ǭգ
ˣҶԥǬʼսǬУǳ⡣
بҲʱٻ˾ģ򣬹壬ս˾ģ׼ҶһͻΧ뿪
Ҷ磬ڣ㻹𣿡
̫¶֮ɫٻǧµϹ죬ռ䣬Ҷ·һԽǧף˲Ҷǰ͵Ĺȫѹơ
̫ɵ˰У֣֮ɱ¾͹ľҪǿѹľΪС
֮ѹ
ľǿ̫֮һʱᶼ޷ѹų͹Ļľ̫ٴζ÷ӡе֮۳һҰɫָȥ
ҰɫָľҡҷĻ֮ϵ飬޷ֹһָ
ǣ
ܻҰɫָľ׳һ󶴣ΡߴĻľǱһָ˳ȥ
編࣬
ľһָˣȫ̫칥Ҷ磬ƻľ˻編࣬Ҫջ
ռľѹ
̫ҶջػľĻᣬƿռľͷų޾Ŀռ֮ݺݵѹ˻編ϡ
ţ֣֮ɱ¾ͬʱ֣˻編࣬ѹ޷ɻصҶС
ûл編࣬Ҷսռֱ̫ƣҶĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ʼǰ׷ǰǰǷܼ֣
֮£Ҷֻʼˣֻм֮лػ編ɱΧ
ǻܼ֣
ȻʼƼأǹǧ˵֮û֧ŵǣѾû·ɱΧȴǵĽ
ãɱȥ
Ҷһʼˣӵв֮аھ񣬹˵Ľ飬بԼ˶ħ֮ӵ޵ħԭʼ̥ٻ˳׼֮ɱȥ
ôҪƴ𣿡
ȻҶ缯ʼ˵в̫죬̫Ҳ̣ǾǷӡе֮
ɱ
ԥһ£Ҷ˻編ֳ࣬ĸʩչǿĹն̫죬Ҫ̫ˣƿռӡ뿪
٣
Ҷ緢ǿһ˲䣬صʼ񣬷ԼҲ׷׷һ̫졣
¡¡
Ҷ˷ǿһγɵԻһ棬ֱֲ𻯹Ŀռ仯Ϊޣþħɫ䣬¶˾֮ɫ
֮
ģ̫ȴɫ䣬˲伤֮ǰγһͷ񷣬̤أɽ޴ӰֵҶ˺ǿһ
䣡
֮Ӱʱ˲䱬ѳ޾˿ռƣɽһɽΪƽأռǻһƬ
ۣ
ǿķҶͬʱһѪɳǧԶ䵽˻ٻص𻯹С
̫Ӱػܵˡ
Լһʱ䣬ӰˣҲʧˣ޸ĿռĿꡣ
棬峤ǻðɣ
ص񣬷ʼ񣬹ǧƼأɥʧսŵʵ
Ϲͷǲˣͽˡ˾󲿷ֹʼ˵Ҫǿȼ̫˷һҶ˴ܵĻᡣ
Ҷ𣬻ȥɣ
ҶøɾѪվ޷˵˵
ҶСѣ㲻ǵĶ֣Ҫνһнɣʼűͷ
İǰҾҲµ
ȻҶܲѣոϵĶҶƵ֪һеһҪȥе
ĵƣǴӺ֮Ĺõ֮飬ֻҪ̫죬̫죬Ҳ
Ǭ㣬ߣҶ罫Ǭ˷֣صе
Ҷ㡭
㲻ܴǻ뿪ҾҲԭ㣡Ҷŷ˵
İɣֻҪһڣһ뿪
Ҷ۾͸ľȻ֮ɫһͷ֤
̫죬̫죬ǲҪҵǾðɣ
Ҷ͵תŭ̫̫죬
һ̣ٻ˫ᣬԼٶȷ̫ˣҪ֮飬̫ͬھ
ͻȻһӴŮԶ쾪𻯹ը졣
˭۸Ҷӣ


2093 ޵еҶ޼
˭۸Ҷӡ
Զߴľ˵ע˹ȥ
ҶԶԶؿٶȼӰ磬Ʋ
ף
һӰʧѾõҶ޼Ҷ޼ߣһɫȹʻƤţ̰ϸŮӡ
ȻҶûм죬Ҷ޼ӺݻŮӣȴһϳԼĸ졣
Ҷ޼죡
ͻȻֵĶˣ̫죬̫üͷšһû뵽ڹϣʧµҶ޼ԼӦˡ
ӣܿˣ
ɫ΢΢Щ԰ףѪҶ磬˲ưߣὫ§˻У۵˵
һ鲼ۣ¶ǿ׳ţɫ裬˷ŵоҶ޼Ȼû˵۾¶Ĺ֮ɫȴ١
Ҷ޼죬羹Ȼǵĺӣ
ʼ˲Ҷݣ֪ҶĸĸҶ޼죬һ
꣬Ҷ޼֣ĸͷۣõǿչ·еĻԵôȥˣҶ޼˾в̫죬̫졣

ҶҲû뵽ԼһʱҶ޼֣İٸн¶˼֮ɫ
ӣˣģһǣ㱨𣡡§Ҷ磬Ըڷſ
Ҷ޼û뵽㣬ҲãɱһңҵҪ绹˭ԣ̫ɫɱڵ˵
̫ɱ¾壬ռľ֣֮Ѿѹ˻編࣬ҪΪС
̫죬ΪԼͣƱҶ޼¶һ˿мЦݣؿ˵Ҫס̫죬ֻݻѡ
˵ţҶ޼һץâһֻ޵еĽ֣ŷĽâץ˱̫ѹĻ編ࡣ
Ҷ޼һץ̫˫ֿٵݻ޵һȥ
̫һɱм۷ܣҶ޼ץƽʱȴƽ˺ѡ
ţƲƽɱ¾ϣ˲䱬ս̫ɱ¾ˣƿ˻編ѹ
編࣬
Ҷһͨ編̫࣬Ƥӵ˻
ţ
̫ɫ˲û뵽Ҷ޼һô󣬾ȻԼɱ¾ˣ˺˻編ѹ
ԶӣȥԹԵţҺȥ㱨𣡡Щ簮ĸһҶԴҶ޼ߣٻ˿̻ŹƵ컯ӣҶ޼ս
Ҷ޼죬Ƿ򸾹Ȼͷ󻼣磬ע£ͷۣҲı䲻ʵ̫Ҷ޼򸾶ˣ˵
̫죬Ҫˣô¶һͳˣ켥˵϶ٳٲδɡ
ͲҲǣ
̫첻ϵؼڵ֮ʱ׼Ҷ˷һ
˰ɣҡҡͷ˵ҪľûУ硣

Ϊ峤̫Ĵڣ̫裬еɱ緢ע뵽˶ͷѿɱ¾֮Уɱ¾֮⣬Ͳ˵졣
ߣ
ɱ¾֮Ϯɫ䣬һ컯ӭȥ
ˣ
ɱ¾֮컯ʱһ޴˲ըռ䣬ɱ¾֮⡣
ţ컯ӵˣ
һ̫֮˷֣컯ӵﵽļ¡
컯ӣ컯أ
컯ӣɱ¾֮˫ֿٵŤ˲һµĵƣ뵽컯У컯ӱƣͷų컯̫֮ˡ
̫ӵ컯֪컯֮Ŀֲ컯ӭ
ˣ
컯ײһ𣬲ƻﵽһøո޸ĿռֻһƬޡ
ˣ
컯ҶԳʱ˫ֿٵŤϵݻһƣڽ컯У컯ӵһѹ컯
ţʵôô죿
쵱ֻ¼ܣ֮սʮȥˣʵﵽ۷壬̫첻ɵ¶֮ɫ
̫컯սʱŵҶ޼ֿȭ˺޿ռ䣬̫췢˹
䣡
Ҷ޼һȭأֲ˲˺̫۵ӡɫ΢̫죬ڵѪҵط
̫峤ˣ
Ŀ̫챻Ҷ޼һȭ˵һĻħɫޱ䡣
̫ڽʮУųһˣĶ֣ڴ޵еĴڣ޷ܣ̫첻Ҷ޼ʵ
һȭ֮Ҷ޼ȫƽڽ˲ȭȫѹ̫죬ҪԵʵɱ


2094 ̫
ۣ
ӲҶ޼ȭ̫һֱӴ˳ȥ˴Ѫ
̫ˣ
ĿǰһĻҶĴϲ¶˼֮ɫ壬ħȴ뵽˿ֻ֮С
̫죬̫챻Ҷ޼򸾶˻ɱǵȴǵˣп
峤ǻҪҪȥصľŶħһɫصľħ񣬴
ٵȵȣ̫죬̫ĲУҲ٣ħһɫصĴ
ռľռڶ
̫û뵽Ҷ޼ս˵ĿֲȭشԼٻռľľڱ֮Ѫſռľ˲ݻռڶ޵Ŀռ䣬Ҷ޼
ߣ
ͬʱ⵽ռڶռ䣬Ҷ޼¶һ˿Цݣ˲ƣռڶϡ
ǣ
ƹ£ռڶҵĲһѺռڶӣƵڶ
ռ𣡡
Ҷ޼ǿƵռڶƽ̫ʱ̫ƿռľռ䣬˲ûҶ޼
һ̣һ޴Ѻ۳ڻռУҶ޼һ̤˻ռ䣬̫ǰ
֣֮
Ҷ޼̫ٻٰ֣֮֮նҶ޼
ֵ֮ﵽ£һ֮ԻµȽ棬ֵ֮ĹҶ޼ȻûٻκεıƾԼѪ֮ƽӭ
䣡
Ҷ޼˲ƣӲֵ֮Ĺſֲƣݺݵӡ֮ϣ˲Ӳ֮֡
ţҶ޼ʲô
̫ţҶ޼ƾѪ֮Ӳ֣֮²оŴܡ
ݣ
̫ԾʱҶ޼ݻǧĵ񽣣ն̫죬ƿռľȫ
֮ƣ
ռľֵסǧ񽣹ʱҶ޼֮ӡ֮ƣصӡ˿ռľϣſռľҵĲԶ
Ҷ޼еʲôܡ̫ԽԽľɫҲԽԽء
죬̫컯Ҳս˰Ȼļˡ
컯ֲ̫֮ռΪޣһУֱӴɽ˷棬ɽеĽƶҷ
컯ƣ
컯ԹԽԽʱٻһ컯һ޴Ĺƣݺݵû컯ϡ
ˣ
컯ӣ컯Ʊһ壬컯һײƻ˲ѹ컯̫˾޴ѹϵؼɱ¾ۣ֮ӿ컯֮
ˣ
һȼϡĺ֮Ѫֳ컯ƣϵö컯ӣͷŻص컯֮ѹ̫죬ڽڵİˡ
컯£̫ԽԽ˵Ѻۣ˾޴ѹһѪ˳˳ɫҲò԰ס
֮
ֵס컯ĺ̫һڵ֮һɫָ˸ƣö컯ӡ
֣ӡ̫ڵʮֵĿ£һָϵ˺컯֮
أ
һָ컯ӾҵĲһ£ʱʧȥ˿ƣײ졣
컯ײɫ΢΢һ䣬ϡĺ֮Ѫڽ컯УĶ컯ϣٴö컯ײ̫졣
죬ʵҪֵܵ͵Ĺ
̫ȫ⿪˷ӡڵ֮Ҫ֮һٻɱ죬õ
һָ£ѹƱһѹơ
㣡
Σʱָ̣˲ƵҶ˹ں˻編࣬ʵڼ£ֳĸߣս
ãĸӶ˺ն̫칷ͷ¶οЦݣһָѹҶȫ̫졣
ҶѹѹƵľ棬̫޵Ŀռмҵɱ
Ҷ磬ĸӲսӲ̫죬Ҷ޼ȴڵȫѹס̫Ĺƣò⿪֮
̫⿪֮ķӡʩչһ޷ѹƹͣ޵еҶ޼ѹƵĽڽڰˡ
Ǭ
̫֮ȫԿҶ޼ʱҶ޼ʩչ˴ɱУԻ棬ƿһȭ
һȭ̫ɫ΢䣬ܵҪ㡣
˲䣬ķ֣ԼΧʱһ˲侲ֹˣж޷Ҷ޼ƿǬһȭ
ʱ侲ֹ򣡡
̫˲ſǿ֮Ҫ˺ƾֹĿռ䡣
̫ǿ˺ƾֹռʱҶ޼һȭݺݵغϣݿ֮ԼĿѪڽڰˡ
̫ǿʵһȭʱҶ޼гһһƲĴԪ֮⣬ݺݵײ̫ϣֱֲ뵽Уһ䱬ˡ


2095 
찡̫챻䱬壡
Ҷ޼սδֲ̫˰ɣ
峤Ҷ޼̫ǿˣǻǾ뿪ɡ
ʶҶ޼ǿƺ̫һĻŶħ˵ɫ粻ľħߴٵ
ħ뿪
ĿҶ޼սħо̫˿죬ϣ羪֮ħڴܣһˡ
ħߣХڴҲɵÿֻ
̫죬̫첻ߣǸ뿪ֻӲͷƤԶսĬĬ̫
̫񡭡
죬Ҷ缤ս̫죬ʵ֮ϵ̫춯֮ȻҶ޼򱬣һ
ץסᣬͻȻѣӳƣڽ컯ӣ컯У컯ǿ
ײ
˫ֽ컯ƣݺݵû컯ϣһɽƾ˵ײ̫졣
켤컯ײ̫˲䣬ҶԾҲ̫췢һ
򣬽֮
򽣹ڣ
޼
٣
Ҷ˫֮ս£һ˲ͨȫֵ컯ӵ̫졣
ͨںһ˲ݻһƬӿͷŻļ֮޼˲̫죬ƻ̫塣
첻ܾ
⵽̫ͨʩչ첻ܾٵ޸֮ӲĹ
ͨԽţ
̫һжӲҶ͵ĹʱҶ粻ϵ̤һھ֮Ĵӡ̤ŻҵĿռ䣬̫Դ
Ȼ̫֮ϵҶ̤µͨԽţеŭȴԽԽ
Ϊ峤˸ҲҶ粻ϲİԽţ̫ķζըˣֻ뽫ҶǧУйͷֻޡ
أ
̫ŭ죬һжʱ費֮Ѫǿ޸̫һαҶ޼ˡ
̫ǿˣ޼ʵ̫ǿˣӦˣ
ţ޼ĳ֣Ӧܸı¸֣ʼ˵ͷ
棬֪̫죬̫ٻǵӰǺˣ
̫죬̫ٻӰʵѯʼ
Ӱ̫֮ǰˣڵݱһҪұΪѾˣû뵽šʼһ˵
̫֮ǰˣ
Ҳǳ֪̫֮ǰˣʵ˲ɵõһ
棬ܻô꣬ǲζľ硭
͵ܣսﵽεȾ磬󲻳ʼҡҡͷ
˵֮ʣ̫챻죬Ҷ˵Ѫۣ͸Ѫ
̫ǵαҶ޼壬Ҳޱȵ
Хʮ澳ܹ
ȫʧأ̫ԶսХ񣬴
ǣ
ȻХ֪ʮ澳ܽ׶༪٣ûκεԥͷǿʮ澳ܣ̫졣
̫ںϣ
ʮִе澳ܷ̫ȫ޸̫졣
ã
̵Ҷ޼Ŀֲ̫֪ƾս޷ԿҶ޼ѡ̫ںϣǿӰ
أ
̫ԵĶ֣֮ںʱʮ澳ܱ壬Ѫ֮ڽ̫С
һ̣̫죬̫ʧˣһɫۣĿ࣬·֮⹹ɣѹصӳС
ͣ
Ȼ̫죬̫ûӰʮֵģ׷ʼһϳϹŴĻ͡
ߣ
̫죬̫˻ûֻͣͺٲǣ˫ʱײе˲ǰĿռ䡣
ߣڴˣҲ£Ҫ˵һССӰˣ۳͵ӰҶ޼η壬ԵػӦ
죬ҶҲʱҶ޼ߣս
𣿡
Ӱ߸ߵ̧֣Ҷ޼һָ
һָǺʧɫ޹⣬ǿƥָâ·һУԶʼ˶е˿־塣
죬磬˺󣡡
һָҶ޼Ҳ࣬һб޾ĵ⣬һȭӭȥ
䣡
ȭָռ˲仯Ϊޣռ̺ĵ⣬켣һ̱ˡ
ɿֲԳһҶ޼޵һȭˡ
飡
Ҷ޼ͫһһ˲ȭһָϣǿƥӲһָˡ
ǿӰȻôǿ޼ʵȻȭźһָ
棬˵޼񲻻ܰɣʽŵʵ
˵Ҷ޼ʤϵ˵
ᣬǿϾֻӰƾӰܺɨǣͱƿˣʼҡҡͷ
˵֮ʣҶ޼Ӱսһ
һս춯ء
һսҰ
һս۷


2096 С֮
֮Դն
Ҷ޼һǿĽ֮Դ籡壬ٵ۳һɱһ˺ӰĹ޵еĽݺݵնӰ
֮ԴϮӰǿĵ֮ǰγص֮ǽֵס˽֮Դ
ռľռ䣡
ռľֳӰ˲仯˿ռĿռڶһУҶ޼
컯ӣ컯ƣ
ռľӰ£ﵽ˼£Ҷ޼ҲҴ⣬ٻ컯ȫӭ
ˣ
Ҷ޼ֳ컯ƣݺݵô컯ϣ컯ǿһʯײ˿ռľɵĿռڶ
ǣ
ǿײһ𣬲ϵƻſռ䡣
ܻӰ𣿡
Ҷ翴Ҷ޼컯żѵĵֵסռľɵýѯӺݻ졣
İɳ磬Ӱѣɽɱ
ȻҶ޼ȴģ
Ǿͺã
˿ΪҶ޼ģҶ糹׵طԶعעⳡ֮ս
ʱ侲ֹ
Ҷ޼컯ֵסӰʱͻȻƽӰǿнʱ䣬סӰһ˲Ϣ
ţҶ޼˫бֲԴߺӰؿڡ
䣡
ԻǳıԴӰԴӲˡ
屻δӰĹƣſͣ˺ӴХҶ޼

ֲХϮҶ޼˫ֿٵŤӡӰХһ
򣡡
ӰͻȻȼӰ֮γ˿ֲļҶ޼ǿս
ͶеڼУ;޵еĴڣƾ輫ǿ󣬲ջɱۡ
޼򣡡
⵽ѹҶ޼ͫһںԴ۵޼籡壬γ޼Ӳ
һײɵƻ޷ֱӽռع˻硣
ռ䱻ƻһͿҶ޼Ӱãǲϵصǿ֮ŶԷ
Ȼǿ󣬵ӰϾ֧ŲסҶ޼޼Ĺ
ʱ⣬˵ѺۣӰҲ֮ء
Ҷ޼Ȼһö֣
ֵס޼ĹӰ׵ȼ֮ϵѹҶ޼һ
ҲҶ޼һΪأֶΰɡ
˵ţҶ޼ͻȻջ޼ѹƵ޵ļײϡ

Ҷһæ죬Ȼû¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǣ
ʼ˵һʱҶ޼ļͻˣջΪޡ
ţôܣʲô
ĿǰһĻӰˣ޷ţȻ޷˺Ҷ޼ֺ
ͣϷˣ
Ҷ޼иֳؿռ䣬ѹŻҵ硣
⣬С㾹ȻС
оؿռг֮Ӱɫ΢䣬˾
СһʮĿռ䣬̺֮Ͷ뽫̫֮⣬ķ£޷
һսʱҶ޼ûռС
û뵽ǣδҶ޼Ȼʮʱ䣬Լ޷С
СѾΪһ壬ͣıˣ
˵ţҶ޼СײӰ
䣡
һӰͱСˣûӰ̫죬̫⵽ش
ҪǶµıСһǻҷ
ߣ
̵С̫֮˿־ˣϧ۵ȼձ֮Ѫٶ£ƴԶȥ
̫һӣƵХ׷ϡ

Ҷ޼ͫһСӳµ֮չ̫ܵˡ
С£̫˵ƽһأǳܲס֮ҷ
һ̫֮죬̫죬Хǿĵ֮ززʧȥȻҶ޼Ҳûм׷ɱǡ
Сˣ
Ҷ޼ͷ˲Ӱش̫˵СҶ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ
ţ˼ʮ꣬СҶ޼˵ͷҶ磬ο˵磬Щıֺܳɫĳɳٶȸǳҵ󣬲Ҷ޼Ķӡ
Ҷ޼Ӱһս磬ʶҶ޼Ŀֲ֪Ҷ޼С壬ȫ
һսҶ޼һԾ̫죬̫죬Ϊһˡ


2097 תǬ
޼û뵽㾹ȻСˣ
䶨׷Ҷ޼ߡ
ʦ㻹ţ̫ˣ
׷ϵף¶ŨŨļ֮ɫǰ
죬ĳͰиˣһܷ͵ıؽ崫У׷¶ѵõЦݵ
ȿȿȡ
֮ʣ˵֮ʼͻȻҵĿѪϢԼٶˡ
桭
оʼڵϦʵæסιʵҪʼ
ʼ̫أʵá
Ҫţҿʼǰ
ʱҶ޼ʼԣץסϵ֣˴ʼ
޼滹о𣿡
Ҷ޼ʼ壬ʣͬ
ʼе֮ѾݽߣҪֻһ취Ҷ޼˼һ£˵
ʲô취
ʵĿˢˢͶҶ޼ڴʵ
ʼǾ󽵵ʵֻҪʼԸ⸶κεĴۡ
ʼͻƵ۷徳Ҷ޼˵
⡭
Ҷ޼İ취˵˲뵽˵͹ȡ
Ǻ֪취ֻҪʼͻƵ۷壬ɺԵܵԻָʼĿǰȥѣͻƵ۷塣
磬жٻ
Ҷ޼ĿͶҶ磬ʵ
ʮţҶʵ˵̺֮ʮ̺Դ
Щ꣬ϵٰҶ޼¶ЦݵҶʮŻ취ʼͻ۷塣
ã
Ҷ˵ͷԥó˶ʮŻҶ޼
ʼңͲҪκεĵֿһСǿдͻжʮŻ۷壬˳Ҳֻϣ̤۷壡Ҷ޼ż֮ʱϨʼ񣬵
޼Ϲͷͽˣڣ̤۷壬պǲʼƣ˫Ҷ޼Ƿӣ¶һĨЦݵ
޼һаˣ
ʵܳҶ޼ؾһ
죬£ȥʮȰػʼ۷Ḷ́Ҫκ˿Ҷ޼˵
İ޼ڣκ˴ǣһаˣ
˵꣬Ҷ޼ؾһ׷񣬹ڴ˵ʮ֮⣬ռ䣬ֹ˴Ҷ޼һھʼ
㿴𣿡
Ҷһóһβݣ̺ɫԼǿޱīɫԲ顣
ţû뵽㻹Ⱥö
ҶóҶ޼۾ʱ
ֻɰգЩɰˣҶ޼βݣīɫԲʼڵܲھͿʼɡ
ã
ʼ˵ͷ۾ԼȫҶ޼
С飡
Ҷ޼һٻССͷųǿ֮ʼɱϣֱӽˣʣһͷ­
飬ʼ·ûиоʹһ㣬յƤûգһ¡
֮תǬ
ʼľҶ޼Сйǿ֮֮Ҫתʼǿдͻ
ŤתĹޱȵգʹǳ󣬵ʼ˯һ㣬ûκεı顣
ʱһһ
ܿ죬һʱȥˡ
Сǿ֮֮£ʼ巢䣬Ҳʼܡ
ʱҶ޼ȡ˶ʮŻȫڽʼʼһܵУ֮ʼȫ۷塣
Ҷ޼֮ɰգñʼ۷壬ӵС֮⣬Ҫԭʼһֻ̤۷塣
ʼ̫ڵʼݽߣʼؾͻƵ۷ˡ
ʮŻʼܵڻ˲ͷųǿĻ֮ʼҴܡ
Сѹ
ۿʼ飬Ҷ޼Сѹӡʼ塣
ţֽβݣԼǿޱīɫԲڽʼС
һڽô౦ʼһ¯ҪСѹͱըˡ
ʼĶˣڵ֮Ҳ취ȼˣܲͻƵ۷壬ֻܿܲԼ̤벽ˣҶ޼һ˫Ŀʼ
л
ʼѵ³֣ǿеӿ۷塣
ٰܲҾȾѣ뵽δѣҶʵ
ǡʵ
ӣơҶ򵥵Ľ
ôĹҶϱҲˣҶҷ𣡡̵ҧгݵ˵
ֻ˻һѣĻ˻ʣҶ޼˵߰ɣȥҶϱֻҪһҶȻ


2098 񸸣
û°ɣ̫죬̫أˣ
һֱػߣΪҶ絣ǵҶҶ˳֣һ˵
磬ӣӢҶϲ
ţҶҺѵĶӣҶ˵ͷҶݼүү̡
үү̡Ҷȴ˫ۣҶ޼ˣסˡ
ǵ澳磬Ҷҵ츳ȻҶ޼´Ҷۣ˵Ҷүү͸ļ񡣡
˵ţҶ޼ȡһɫ̻ŷƣ͸Ҷ硣
̸ģ
簮ؿҶȡһҫƵĹ⾵

ҶҲʶ֮ˣҶ޼͸ɵˣһʱ˽ӡ
Ҷүү͸°ɣҶ翴ĿɿڴҶЦЦ˵
лллүү̣عҶлҶ޼͸ı
ǰæѣʲô취޸ѵ꣬ӻлѣҶ翴ɫ԰ףһϣԲѵѣе
磬ѵʼҪ֣ȻڷУʣµ꼸ѣ޸ȻҲ޷Ҷ޼ΪѼһ
ףΣһҪȾѣ޸꣡
ֻҪܻѣ޸꣬ҶԸ⸶κεĴۡ
⡭ȻҼľʮռϲ޸Ҷ޼һӺݻ죬ԥһ˵
û취ҿɼǵã֮ϵǳϳ֣һ޸Ƕϱ꣡һҶ޼̺˵
֮񣡡Ҷ磬ҶĿˢˢͶҶ޼
𣿡Ҷ޼̾Ϣһ
ҿϽأ쿴һΪѵҶ޼
ġҶ޼۾ʱ
֮ʲôϵҶ޼ı棬Ҷо֮֮й¡
֮СˣΪ￴ý˵˹ˣ컺ؽĶ˵ȴû¶ŭı顣

죬źӵ棬˵ʲôҶ޼Щε˵
үү֮㡣Ҷһݵ˵

֣֮ܲȾѣҶһ
ȥϳ棬һȡ쿴űЩȻҶ޼˵
죬ֲǲҶ޼̾Ϣһ
ҶϽѵ󷿣ߺߵ˵
ͬҶ޼ɴ˫ۣ޵Щŵ˵
͸˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣡жӣӣ˭ϡ㣡
˵ţаĴİҶ޼һۣΪΡ
⡭
ˣ£ԥԥˣ쵭˵ȶϱ̲ݻҪôһ⣬͸Ҫôȥѡ
⣬һдһɣҶ޼Щ͸죬ԥһµ
㽫֮֮ظңҴȥҶ
ã
Ҷ޼˵ͷٻֽëʣӻдһš
д꣬Ҫ߿һ飬棬дһоС֣Ҷ硣
磬Ӧ֮ɽ֮ȥӦûɽǰȣЩӣһΪһЩȷһʧҶ޼֮֮ظҶ磬е
˳磬㽫̫һٻҿ
Ҷ޼дõŸҶʱͻȻ뵽ʲô˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷԼ֮һٻ˳Ҷ޼
ô޼ӱ⣿Ҷ޼Խص׵
濴û⣬ҿԿ϶Ծ⣡Ҷ޼ӹɵ˵˽⣬̫һΪԣķ˴ѪԵļֵһȴ͸˳磬еԭ򵥡
޼˼ǣ̫һעѹ˳ϡ˲ࡣ
̫һһʧߣ˻ʱƵֻܹڶ½ȴٳٲһع顣һҰļңģڶ½³һУԸ˳磬ͻгԶԳпƣӶ߳ΪϵĴڡҶ޼˵ͷ
޼ƽе𣿡΢΢Щŵʵ
磬㽫ңһ취ƽ̫һеİ֣Ҷ޼һ
ãҶ˵ͷ˸ף̫һҸҺ֮ģҵõˣ˵֮ͨģз𣿡
˵ţҶ罫ޱشڽÿһռĺ֮ٻ˳
磬õ֮ĹеĿԵˣ첢֪Ҷõ֮ĹеĿԵԾ˵
ţҶ˵ͷ˺֮֮ģһõ
˵ţҶ罫֮ٻ˳
þǡ
Ҷٻ֮飬Ҷ޼е˳Ծ
֮飬һ˸ҵģҶ罫֮Ĺ˳
ϷҵУֻϰĴڣҶ署Ҷ޼겻ѣ磬֮õĻԵͺúŰɣϣгһգܳҾǡ񸸣衣
Ҷ磺
Ҷ


2099 ֮ɽ
֮ɽɾ֮һ˵֮ɽдĻԵ֮Ҳǿ޺޳û
֮ɽнأ澳֮ܽɽҲʧ
дԣ۷澳ܴ֮ɽʧɽǿ޲̵ɱ
֮ɽΣķд֮ɽΧѰɽ
֮ɽڵˣ
ҶҶԦۣ˽ʱ䣬ޱߣû뵽У߼ʵ֮ɽԵ
ţ
Ҷ縸Ӷ˸Ҫ֮ɽͻȻһ󼤶ǸӶ˶С
˳ԴҶ˷֣ʮ񾳴ڴдɽԵҵɱ
ţķ
ͨս˫ɢϢҶ緢֮˵ݣԥһ£Ҷ˹ȥ
ˣǲҪ̫Ѫλȷֵģƾʲôߣһؿڲһؽۣɫ԰׵ӣһƴķ컭ꪣһ߼սһ߷ŭĴ
ƾʲôƾѪ߹ƾȭͷǴ󣡡һɫĻںڳɢ˫磬˫ݽգһ׶оŮһԵ˵
꣬ҪǷϻˣȻЩ鲻֪ôǾǾˣһĿֳ࣬һ޴ӣ񾳽ײе˵
ã
жŮӵ˵ͷ͵һԦ޴ͷų˴ָ׸ǴСͨīɫŨҶأϳŷϸĶ棬Χ˺۵ܡ
ã̶棬˺󣡡
ŷɫ棬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȵͨʥ𣬷ռ䣬Ҫ˺̶
ͨʥ£ɫ滯Ϊ˻ҽв̶洩Խͨʥ𣬹ӵˡ
һĲҽ⵽̶жս轵
΢࣬Ҫǣ
Ȼжͨʥ£̶߳һصķɻңֻڵѪɱйޡ
ߣףע
һ֮ʣһͻȻ
Ҷٶȼĳ֣ǰͷųǿһֻֻײе̶棬ֵס˵Ĺǡ
澳ܣ
оҶɢǿɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴû¶⣬Ȼ̡
꣡
Ѹžʯţ֮ɽе澳
˭ûãˣȲǣҶɱȻ˵
ߺߣ˵Ҳͷһ˵ûмǴʥ֮һ𻯹ѾˣҿӦúúÿԼˣΪУȡ
˵֮ʣǿϢˣϢʮֵǿһ˸Ǵﵽ澳
꣬ʲôˣ
һͳһɫ۵ߣһһŮ澳ܳ֡
ϣҪɱңǷѾǧҵѪλʣȸ״ͼӴ׵˵
ǺôĹĶҲҿǻòͷˣɫ۵ײе˵
ӣ㲻Ҫˣ뿪ɡǳ鷳һежӵ˲Ҷ
İɣҲûãҶԵ˵ŽⶾǣٽⶾЩں֮ھͽˡ

߱ҶĻŭˣǿϢбɽѹҶ
⾵ƣ
ҶҶ޼澳޷˺ֺһ⾵ֳؿڣӳһ޵о⣬ֱƵ˻ͷŵǿϢ

о⾵۾һɣ¶ŨŨ𾪺̰֮ɫ
Ȼ澳ܣȴֻһƷԼҶӵᶨɱҶľġ
ôҪҵҶ׽˻۾е̰¶һ˿мЦݵУͿûȡˡ
ҶҪʱˣսپ
ʱҶҶ󣬵˵
㡭
߿ҶʱͫͻȻŴ¶ŨŨľ֮ɫ
棬û뵽㻹ϳңŻϤףҶ¶˵Цݡ
ǣĸ֮һİ棬λڷ档
ǣף
ҶٻҶ޼񽣣˰ˡ
һ
ҶȻӵټҶвðȴ֮ģߡ
ͻȻҶ̤һһֱӽռ䣬˰˵·
ţҶֳַն˼սһ
ȻҶ粻棬ӵսȰ֮͵ļսϵƵɱУ˻ɱѹ澳ܵĹơ
ֵס澳ܲϵʩչǿĵƣҪ֮شҶ
ٻĵƻδͱҶպ飬޷вҶ˼ѹ
ܿ죬˵ԽԽأձҶ֮նɱ֮ɽС


2100 ֮ĵ
Ǽ˵͸ˣϣܽ崫з󣡡
ʵҶ۽ԽԽߣ澳ܵѾ޷˵˽ٺӵˣҶ뵽֮ɽС
˵ʲôˣô
ҶȥıӰһīɫƽӹ۾ܴŮӣʵ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣһָоոǺӣп񣡡ҡҡͷ
񡭡
Ůӵ˵һ
ĿУǸ߸ϣײβĴڣû뵽ԼҼһܣ㹻Ǵܶˡ
߰ɣ뿪
澳ܵͬСɣѸǵŮӵ뿪֮ɽ
ʵΣ
նɱ˰ˣҶֻȫѪҺڣʵ
ԣҶЦЦ˵޷ʱͻƵ񾳣֮սֻϹۡ
ͻ񾳣
ҶĻҶʱЩйΪʮͻ񾳵Ѷȣ̫̫˿۷澳޷̤񾳽硣
ҶҸ˵һͻ񾳵ĽݾҶ翴ЩƵҶ˵
ʲôݾҶ۾ʱڴʵ
ֺүү̣ܺǸˣһʱ̤񾳣ҶЦ˵
үү̵ʲôܣ
뵽ӸԼҶ޼죬Ҷǵľǿҵĺġ
үү۷弫´ܣ̾۷Ӧֻһ֮ңҶ˵
۷弫¡ҶһҶ޼ľ
˵ͲҶ޼޵еĴڣ̫죬̫ǿᣬҲֻб򱬵ķݡ
˵Ҫͻ񾳣ôֺүү̣ӦֶΣʱͻ񾳣Ҷ翴˫۷Ҷ˵
˵ҸҸϱֿ֤Ҷظ
Ҷ˵İɣ뵽˫ģҶ΢΢ЩģΪʥʥŮᱻǣ
ţģҶ˵ͷҲʶô
ܺãϲԵ޳ɣҶЦ˵ûнĿΣյ
Ҷ縸Ӷһ˵һ߼ٷУ֮ɽǿĻƣϵ롣
֮ɽḶ́˲Ϣɽеǿ޹޻ֻ֪ɱ¾ޣ޷вǶˡ
أ˰յͼע֮ɽ˱ǿ󷨽֣񣬿ʵ⡣
վסǺˣʲô
Ҷ縸ӶҪǿдʱһŮͻȻ
һɫȹķϣ͹£ջϹŹ°֮ɫŮڴ˳ɨһҶˣʵ
ݼ֮ģҶһһ澳ȹŮӣ䲻ȵ˵
ߣƾҲݼʦȹŮ°͵ѵ֪͹ǲ𣿡
ž
ȹŮӻ䣬ͻȻоǰĿˣţоԼ⵽ػȫʧأˤԶҽ˱ɫС
ǺôĹҴң
ȹŮź׵գЩǱ˳ܻ˵
ƾոǾ仰ɱ㶼ΪҶ米˫֣˵
ɱǣ
Ϊ֮СͽܣȹŮӺܹȴ裬Ѹóһѣߴ
ʱ֮ɽ궯ޣޣ˹ȹŮ£Ҷ硣
аɲǧ
⵽ޣޣΧҶٻаɲǧаɲǧһ֮ӣȫĳȥֱӽΧޣ޳ɡ
Ҷ޼֮Ҷ磬֮Ҷǰݼ֮񣡡
ɴޣҶվ⣬͸ǿĽƣ˾춯صĳХ͸ǿĽƣС
Ҷ̫ϿյĽƾҵĲ
Ǻô磬𣿡
֪ҶҶݣһŭĳХ
ţϿճһ޴ĹͼһֻɫĴƳ˹ͼһеѹҶˡ
ƣ
ɫϮҶѸ̤һյһȭ
䣡
һȭͼ۵Ĵ˲ˣȵĽƳҶһȭǾҵĲ
úúãҶ޼ĶӣȻ򵥣ȲҰĵطҾʹҶ޼úýѵһ㣬֪ˣĵ
˵ţһɫȹıѣ˫޳ŵ⣬սһĿŮӷɳȣ֯Ŵ֮Ҷ縸ӶˣǷһ


2101 Ů˵˼׽͸
̣˵
Ҷ˲ȼպ֮Ѫʮڽں֮ĺͻ編࣬ս˫ݻϵ⣬Ӳ֮һ
ţû뵽㾹Ȼֵܵһ£
űˣȴδ˵Ҷ磬֮¶˲֮ɫȴûмƣϵݻͨҶ硣
̣Ҹŵģ
Ҷһߵֵ֮񹥻һߴսУҶ緢֮ȻԲܣֵס͵Ĺ
ţ֮һһ𣿡
˵ţһѪɫԲ䵶ֳ֮壬˸ſֲ֮⣬һ׹䷲£նҶ硣
ĸ
оԲ䵶͸Ļ֮Ҷٻĸȫֵ
䣡
ײһ˲˿ֲƻֱӽԲһĿռΪƽأȫŭ֮
ɶ񣬽˭Ȳ㣡
ľºķ֮Ѫһ֮ץ񣬺޲ýҶǧС
̣˵ˣԸ㣬ҵһ𣡡֮ĹҶѹԽԽ󣬼
˭ϡ֮ΪҶĻ
ϵ֮񵽵׷ʲô֮ԼҶʱЩΡ
費Ҫæ
ͻȻһ֮߰ɽһɫۣͦΣֳһɫǹ׿Ⱥһֻ̤ԲӣһͻȻ֣Ŀȵؿ֮
Ҫ
֮Įؿ˵ȻҲȤ
ҪôĮնɱģӺ㴺˵ֳɫǹҶ硣
ҶͲ֮Ķ֣ӵļ룬ҶĴøΣա
Ҷ̫ͣӵҲﲻʲôæ
ٳң
ֵס֮͵ĹҶǰһֱǬķٻ˳
û뵽㻹Ű֣Ҳµòҫģ
оʵԼܼ֮ӵջ𣬹Խ׺ݡ
Ů˵˼Ȼ޷׽ҶЩεҡҡͷоȰ˵Чֻ֮Լš
֮ͷϣҪţֻ侲߻ơ
ΪѣԲסˣҶ̾Ϣһ֮ͽˣȫԸܡ
ã
˵ͷ˲ȼգٻӣʵֲ֮սһ
СӣҲ֪ĿģŭҵŮˣɣ
ֳɫǹһ㹥Ҷ磬ȫѹĹƣҪɱ
ߣƾ㣡
Ȼʵףһֻ̤ԲƾҶȫԻ
򣬽֮򣡡
Ҷһݻ˲ס˰ӣǿ֮
ţ˫򣡡
⵽ͽ֮˫عüͷһƣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫҶ羹Ȼ˫
Һǳ˰ӵ󣬳żڽѹӵĹܵ˼Ӱ졣
һ񣡡
ȼǿѪ֮Ҫǿ˺˫ʱĸӳһµƣһֲ̳֮žɱ⣬˰ӵؿڡ
һһɫǹһӭȥǿսֵסһĹ
ã
ƽҶ繥˲䣬ͻȻоΣգܵҪ㡣
Ҷʮʱ٣޷㡣
䣡
Ҷں˫֮һȭݺݵغڰϣֲݿһȭ˳ȥѪ
֮򣡡
̵˫Ŀ£Ӻԥſ֮򣬻˫Ӱ졣
֮ų򣬵ȴֵס˫ѹһϸСѺ֮ѡ
ħ࣬ޣ
֮˲䣬ӱ仯ǿħ࣬ں֮޵һ
һҶ۵˫˲˵Ѻֲۣķ籩ϯҶ硣
򽣹ڣ
޼
ħһϮҶݻ򽣹ڣݻ޼ͬʱʩչͨӭȥ
ͨײһ𣬱˫ıٶȣҲһ˰ӵơ
٣
ǿĵƣȫֵɽϮķ֮ʱҶںʩչĿǰյǿһ
һ޵еĵϣֲ֮ﲻƣ𣬻ǿտռ䶼һ»ĩ٣˲佫ɫİûˣƻ壬Զ
ӲУҶʩչͨˣ֮Ҳս˰Ȼ׶ΣԲܴ𣬲ϵʩչɱУҵĽ֣ĿռһͿ
սȻֲĳ̶ȣֶ֮ͬվ۷Ů˼ҵĽ֣ذĩһ㡣


2102 
֮Ѫȼգ
û뵽Ҷ羹ܽԼˣϵȼǿĲ֮Ѫָƣٻһһɳûп̻κ·ɫ֮ʩչͨ趯һ֮Ҷ缤սһ

ŰӵҶ۾ʱ
Ϊ֣ûоûп̻ƣԭʼ״̬ܵõĸУĸ˵лὫĸļ¡
ս
ӱһݵ£籡ļµݻ̬նҶ硣
һֻ̤Բսֲݵ⣬ݻÿһ֮۷ͬʱ⵽ٱսڴֵܶס
ƣ
оϮİսĿֲҶſǿĺ򣬿Ƽڽϵһս

սƣӸ߸ߵԾа͹ƽںһնһԶһҶ硣
壡
ɱһҶû㣬ǿƺ壬ֳĸӭȥ
꣡
ҶնĸնһΡߴĽɽһƵ˰ʩչƲĴ
ˣ
ĸڰײһʱ˲ռ䡣
ô
ӲĸһظоҶһĿֲ͸͸ϵӿӵֱУֱеֱ˺ѵƤѪܿƵʳ
񽣻꣬ն
ҶڰлãҶԳʱ񽣻ӳҶ꺣ηĽ⣬֯°޵нһն˰ӵԴ
ã
û뵽Ҷ羹Ȼֲ񽣻꣬æǿĵ֮еֵ
ǧȭ
ץסӷĵֵ񽣻ĻᣬҶУ˲ǧ޵ȭߺ˰ӵ塣
ۣ
ҶνӼõĹƣδֵܵסǧȭû⵽Ĵ
أ
գδֵܵסǧȭ屻ǧȭˡ
֮Ѫ޸
飬ȼղ֮Ѫٵ޸塣
ʱ編ƳҶ壬ɫ룬ֱƽ˰ӿ޸Уڵ
ľԭ㣡
ȻûмҶ磬ȴľ⵽ľɣµҶݣǿϵؽɫ롣
˵ʵȻף
оľɫ벻ϱӽ飬Ҷûмƣӷ͵Ĺ
ڰӽ󲿷־Ͷ뵽ɫУϾȫĹҶ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬뵽˾ԵıУҶѹס˹ƣƲϵؼء
ড
Ҷȫѹưӹʱ仯ս̬ķХһײ֮
ӳϵײ£֮ԲʵҲЩԲȫѪҵطǸʳһѪ
𽥼أ֮δƣвϵӳ֮⣬ٵ޸ƣȫԿ
ʱʧ
ܿ죬ʹսҹ
Ҷӵк֮ﵽ缫£ټϺ֮Ѫսҹδеһ˿ƣ룬ӵȴϼأľɫ뵽УϵضϾ
ҲҹսУȡõľԵƣȫѹס֮񣬱ڽڵİˣ
ħ֮ͬ飡
оӲޱȵɫҪƽⱾԴУӷϧ۵ʩչֶΣħ֮ǿħը֮Ҫըƽɫ롣
ǧȭ
ʩչͬ飬һʱҶ˲ǧŻȭڰӱѵϣ̶ͬ
䣡
ռ仯Ϊޣɫˡ
С˻ľĿ£ʩչͬδը˻ľΪȫɫ룬Ҷʩչǧȭȴһ
޵ĿռУľϵرҡҷɫڣͷŻй⣬ѹڰӱϣ֮
ң
ʩչͬʧܣһߵİ֮
֮񱻷͵Ĺѹƣ޷
أӵԽԽأֿԽԽձľѹ
գ
˰ӣҶһɳĿͶΪǱ֮
̣Ҹ׸ţԸԸ㣡ɱ˰ӣҶ罫˳Ӹɫѿ֮Ҷߡ
˵꣬ҶûôŷҶת뿪ˡ


2103 
磬Ǿˣ
֪֮Ҫ벻֮ѽΣա
ҸоҸĸɼ޷˵Ҷ̾Ϣһɡ
˵꣬ҶҡҡͷŷͷŭѵҶ֮ɽΧȥ
ٶȼĴԽдɽ֣֮ɽԵʱҶǿ֮ɽԵоʮǿϢ֮ɽΧĿռ䡣
ˣ
Ҷ΢΢̣һ˿Ц⡣
𻯹һսҶʽ˺̫죬̫춼Ҷ޼򱬣Ҷû˺֮ǡ
ƣҶ顣
Ҷ磬Ȼ㡣
Ҷ˷ɳ֮ɽʱ˳
໨񣡡
ɫսֱֳɫӢˬŮӣҶһϳԼֵ໨
ټ໨ѾͻƵм񾳡
ɱģ
뵽Ҷս໨ҶأȻЩ˼Ҷֲս
ɱģҶ˵ͷʹĳϵҪǾɡ
Ҷ磬ҳǿԣ㲻к³໨񲻵ϳҶ磬ϳ˷֪ǵĿֲǽ֣һݻҪ뿪
ȻˣͲҪˣҵˣҵģҶɱȻ˵ס׼ȥ໨ˡ
Ҷ磬Ҿ㣬Į֮ɽУ֮ϵǳ˺ǣұ֤Įɱйޣв໨ĮҶʩѹ
Į˵ˣѾɱˣҶ絭ػӦ
ʲôɱĮ񣡡໨ɴ˫ۣŵ˵ɱĮ֮ô뿪
Į뱾θɣ
ͻȻһɫȹ͸ˮңɢų֮֮ɽΧ
񣡡
ͻȻֵ֮໨Ĵϲ
֮һ壬֮ΪǳҶҪɱǽ졣
̣ҸĸţΣҶȴ¶˵Цݣʵ
޼дģ֮ĿƵؿҶ磬Щɵʵ
ּ̣٣ȴ˼٣ӦѾȷŵαҶ絭˵ʵڲţԸһȥҸĸһĽ
ãҸȥ֮ҧһ촽¶ġ
㡭
Ҷ֮֮ĶԻ໨˶ʱɵۣг˿ֻš
֮ǳǽһ
Ѿˣ֮Į˵ǡ
ߣ
֮䣬໨Զȥ
Ƿߵ˲䣬񽣻ӳҶ꺣һ磬ǡ
һʹĲҽգ֮䣬ʮʵ׵澳ܱ񽣻ն壬ʣڵ໨
񣬻뿴ԭķϣһ
Ҷս໨񱻷ص˲䣬ò֮
ĵزɣ֮̾Ϣһ
ðɣȻ㷢ˣǾһ
໨Ȼսף֮սУȼĴֻڻңҶûиϾɱ뿪ˡ
߰ɣǻȥ
Ҷû֮ɽôѸ뿪ǰʱ𻯹ַ⽨ĸۡ
ˣ
Ҷһ˳;ɻص𻯹ַûĸۡʱһͳ֮С
֮·⵽׻ȫһ£Ե쳣
һ̣Ҷ޼ӰǰԼ˼ĺ룬ֻڻвֵܳӰ֮ҲƲסԼУ۽ǻ䣬Ⱦʪס
֮Ҫһ˽Ҷ޼ʱӰֹ֣ͣ塣
ЩܿˣԺһԶֿ
֮¶һ˿ƵЦݣ˵
ǣԺԶֿҶ޼˵ͷն˵
лл㣡
Ļ֮񳹵״еĹǡ
ʱҶ޼ٻС죬֮սСС
үүԺҲҪүүһһȺգҶĽ˵

Ҷ˷ɻصûĸۡʱɫ۵ʼˡ
ټʼҶϸоʢ֮ᵽһ˿ѹȸУѹȸвϵģϵġ
Ȼʼɹ̤뵽۷徳硣
磬һҶĶ飬ûպкβǲඨȻ
˵ҶһҶʼ֮ûǾûڵʼ
ǰˡҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ԼһʱҶ޼˳ڸۡУ˵Ц֮Ҷ֪Լϵ㶨ǡ
ҶϱͰˣ
Ҷ޼֮һ֮ϵߣе
İɣһʱ䣬Ҿ޸ѵ꣬ӻлѣ֮м裬ӹҶ޼ָıŵ


2104 м
磬׼һȥһħǧħɽħѹɱԴ
֮޸ʱҶ޼Ҷ纰ߣ˵
ɱԴħ壡Ҷüͷһǵһ˵ħ塣
Щӵо̫һ˰֣谵˲ͨԶ㣬ԼбԿƵ˽зƣҶ޼˵ҪƵֻ֣нɱԴС
ҺҪȥһ壬ѹ֮ԴԼӶἸ񵤵޷ȥħ磬һʼǰħ磬ʼ۷徳ʵħħҲûá
ãھȥħ磡
ԶҶİԶĽԹ黹̫һ
ڻʱ򣡡Ҷ޼ҡҡͷͻƵм˵
磬
˵ţҶ޼Ҷ縸Ӷˣ뵽СС
ŨıԴ
Ҷ縸Ӷ˵һνСоСռгıԴ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
С̺죬ˣħţ屾ԴԴںϣСɱԽҶ޼һԽܵڴȥģСǿ֮ԴأѹŰбԴбԴ㹻ͻƵڣͻƵ澳
˸ףΪʲôûϣҶ뵽ٳδ¶ĳ棬ʵ
ϱȥѰҼ񵤵ҩʱͻҶ޼˵
ף㵽Ҫʲôȼ񵤣Ҷʵ
׼¯񵤣һ¯񵤣ڶ¯컯񵤣¯񵤡Ҷ޼˵ֻǴƼ񵤵ҩδ컯񵤣񵤵ҩ
񵤣컯񵤣񵤡
Ҷ޼׼Ƶ񵤣Ҷ粻ɵõһ
Ҷ񵤶δҪ˵컯񵤣ˡ
Ҷ޼Ƴ˵е컯񵤣񵤣һ硣
ţҪͻƵֻн񵤲ϣ񵤣컯Ϊ㣬ΪѣΪƵģҶ޼˵ͷ
ףǰѹ˲ִӺ֮ĹõһЩѾ㿴Ҫ𣿡Ҷһٻ˳
Ứ̫Ѫ֥
ҶٻһҶ޼۾ɵ
磬û뵽ղôöҶ޼¶ЦݵҾЩˡ
ҶҶ޼ȫĴ컯񵤣񵤵ҩ
ˣһһ͸ǣܲ͸еİ𣿡
Ҷ޼Ҷ縸ӶˣбԴʱٻһ޴ĿľбԴԡ
ǡʱ򣡡
Ҷͷǿ͸ľʱֵп̻ʱ򣬰Ϊµʱ侲ֹ
ţľһɵʱľƶɵģ̺ʱǸӶ˺úòɣܲʱ侲ֹ򣬶պİܴ󣡡Ҷ޼˵ͷ
лүүҾͿʼˣҶ֪ʱϥ˿ľԣһбԴһ߲ʱ
磬ҲúɣȡͻƵԲ۷壬ֻﵽȾ磬ʸ֮սҶ޼˵
İɸף֮սһμӵģҶһҶߣʱ򣬳м񾳡
Ҷ磬ҶӶСʱ巢˾޴ıʣǿһҹʧ
ϹȴŨŨѪȾ񷡣
һʱ䣬ֵĻ̻̣ͬˣ׷ҪΧͬʧ

бԴȻǿôҸ֪ͻƵˣ
ʱҶǿбԴӲʵ¼£ޱȵʵоʱ죬Ҷ翪ʼȫм񾳡
ҶбԴͻƾ磬Ѿ̤ǵ澳磬ȫ̾磬ǵ澳硣
岻ƣ
ҶһδεĳԡŬ˽һʱ䣬ȴ޷ƾƿ̵ᵽѶȡ
żϵбԴȫ
ƶĳмʱͻȻоһɰͻȻӿ뵽壬·ȫ˲伤Ǳһ˼̵ľƿ
ƿѣҶͻȻѶȴ󽵵ͣʱ䣬ͳɹѺԽԽľƿһͻƵм񾳽磬ﵽ˾˵ʮڽս˽ٱ
ͻˣ֪սںƣܷսԲܣ
Ҷ糤һоս¶ЦݣеľͶ뵽ʱС
ܿ죬ֹȥ˰ʱ䡣


2105 
ʱ侲ֹ
ʱںԵҶ磬ʱ侲ֹ
ȫ£Χʱ˲侲ֹ
֪ڵʵʩչʱ侲ֹܷԲֹܾҶոʱ侲ֹ򣬲
յʱԾֹԲ˲Ϣʱ䣬԰ɱԲܡ
ʱˣ
ҶһбԴȫǵ澳Ҷûдͨ뿪Сص˽̻Ի͵ĸۡС
磡
ҶոճڸۡͻȻһϤĶС
ţһۺɫӰɱ
ԽԽԻԼ˫һ¶Ŀ⣬Ҷϲɵ¶ЦݣؽӰ§˻УԸڷֿ
ѣһԶֿ§ĽҶ۵Ķߣŵ

Ҷ磬ʼ뿪˸ۡͨ𻯹޽Ŀռ涴ǰħ硣
ΪѸո껹ܴ֮£δܸҶǰħ磬ȡɱԴ
磬˵㸸Ҫ컯񵤣֪Ƴ컯񵤣ɷһһ
˺ȻﵽԲ£ûдԵ컯޷̤۷壬˵е컯ȴܵõһţȫл̤۷塣
Ҳ֪ҸƳ컯񵤣жģһһŸ㣡Ҷŵ
ã仰͹ˣҶףɵ¶˵Цݡ
̫𻯹ħʮֵңԶͨռ涴Խ˽ʱ䣬Ž뵽ħС
Ũħ
Ҷһ˽뵽ħ磬оħƮŨŨħħħ屾Դġ
սħӦ֪ǧħɽλðɣҶ罫սħǬٻ˳ʵ
֪ǧħɽħأħħʮֹϵһ壬ħ¶棬ħʵܿ£ħصսħ֪ħϢȫ˳
սħǸħ壬ħʵΣҶͻȻоԼħ˽٣ʵ
սħ壬սħ峤ħھұ˻ѹô꣬սħ֪ҵѾˣսħ˵ħΪ壬Ͼ֮ħʵ壬ֻһλ֮ͨԲѹħһͷ
սħսħкαҶû뵽ħʵǿ΢΢ЩԾʵ
սħѹһǿľ֮Դľ֮Դ⣬սħ廹ѹһžħ𣡡ΪҶ磬սħûκޱĵ˳
ľ֮ԴҶ۾ʱ
һָоû編ľ֮Դ˵ܷʱ䣬ǿԼĵ̡
ȴսħѹľħŨȤ
ɱԴбҪȥһսħˣҶ
ҶԦսħϿռٷУǰǧħɽ;УҶħз˲ǿħޣҲ˲ʵֲɢޡ
ŷţҶ˫͸޾Ŀռ䣬ԶƼ¶ݻ
ѵбҶüͷһƣ¶һ˿Ȥߣǹȥ
սҶ罫ʼսǬսħգٶȼķ˹ȥ鿴
ǰħѵħַ
սħսħ峤ħΪ˽⣬ſռвϻûԼµǰַ
սħħʵΣҶʵ
ħ嵱ʵսħ֮ϣųƵħ壬ħ峤һʵͨĴֱ壡
ħ屻𣬾ħ壬ħ׷ɱˣȴδԸ
дţħ屻ȴĴ󴫳ַҲǰľħַ֮һսħϸ˵
ߣǿʲôɶ𣿡ڵˣҶӲ飬ַбҶὫħ塣
վסǰѾκ˲ڡ
Ҷ˸ոտռ䣬ɫۣͼͼֳħħסؾ
ߣûȥõĵط
һ˫ֿٵŤ˲佻֯˰˵ָ߰â˿ռ䣬ٶȼĶǵħ֡
ۣ
⵽սָ֯âħֻδüͻѪ
ɱˣҶٶȲķɽ˻ռС
˵ĳ֣ʱ˽ħܵע⣬ͶĿ⡣
һ˫˫ɱҶ˺⣬ǵĿȫǰһݣ͸ǿħ֮Ĺ


2106 컯
ǺˣΪɱҹˣ
ͻȻҶˣһɫۣһħŻɫ룬ŨŨ֮ħ澳̤ջ˹˵
ɱ˾ɱˣѵҪɣ
ʵʵսħɨһۺߣԵĻ
šûнҹɫһɭȻ˵
жԶҹԶٷϻŤĲӣսħЩ͵ľ
úãϷҪΡ
߻δ£ͻȻоǰһսħĳǰһѿסĲӡ
꣡
һëȻĶ
սħ΢΢һ˫˫ԾĿע£ŤĲӡ
ţսħſͣͷųһǿһڽߵ̵˶С
ǿ
Ŀսħ˲ŤħܲӣһĻħ¶֮ɫĿⷢ˼ر仯
ѵ۷澳ܣ
в²սħʵս
ǰ֮û˸ҶˣĬǵĴڣȴǰʧ
Ĺûһһҹʧ
һ׵ĺڶǰǰĺڶħֺԥɽ˺ڶУҪڶеı
磬ҪҪȥı
տڰУһҶ磬ʵ
ҶҡҡͷĽƣٽȥҲ١
Ҷˣʵ׵ĴڰУûżĹѨڶС
ȻϢڼݵԸ֪£ҶоӦö¼
Ҷ簵ˣĴҲڴҶˣǸоֻǰ벽Ҷ磬սħʵ൱ʧȥȤ
ҶڰУȴʱ䣬оʱˣգսħ뵽ĹѨڶС
Ҷ˽ĹѨڶٻ죬ڣֹ˵õܡ
ΪĹд󲿷ֽƶƵҶ˼ûκε鷳ĹѨ
ҵĲ²ûдӦþħĴе֮һ
һ޽ڵµУŵϿ̻һϵͼսħ϶ħַ
վסͨѾҹԼħռˣǻһͨ߰ɣ
Ҷλͨʱʵ׵澳סǣ˵
͸ҹħ˺㣡սħĿһɣɱڵľ
ҪΪɱһħ棬޵ˣҹħɲǵģ
ʱһͨ
һɫۣͿŵۣ֬ź촽ųɫָףʮ欣벽񾳽ӴӺɫͨ˳ɨһҶˣľ
գӦúζ͸ԸɣҶ翴һӣЦЦ˵
ȥհҶһ۵ϲ
յĻһ̽ӵУȼеɱ⣬һٻһ㣬ﵽƷȼĳޣ֯ıӰա
Ҷﶯ֣Ҵ
ĳϮٻ˼ƷԪ洸ٵǿĵ⣬նһΡĸɽһƵرӰӼսһ
ͬΪ벽ս൱յĵԶԶǿӣʮվռ˾ԵƣѹסӵĹơ
ӼսʱսħӡһƣֲĴӡ˲֣˵Ĺѹ
գҪʱ䣬սپ
Ҷ罫ѹһߣյĶУߴٵ
ռڶ
ͫһʩչѹ׵ĵƣǿĿռ֮γ˿ռڶӡ
ռر仯
û뵽նԿռôϵıУ˿ռڶԼĻᡣ
ռ𣡡
ռڶǿƿʱʩչ˿ռڰر仯ӷһ
⵽ռӵ˲飬ҲѪģ
Ԫ洸𣡡
ӱشʱԪ洸ںһ׹䷲ɽݺݵϡ

һĲҽ
ӱһ壬궼δѣ
߰ɣǽȥ
Ҷһӵսħ߽мͨС
ûãһֱǵĴ¼ҲѡмͨĹȥ
ţҶǿ֪ͨľͷ֪˼ҵĴһʹĲҽ
ǻˣ
ҶЦЦûмŲսħˣٶȼĴԽͨĹĹʮħɫۣ˫ۿն·ȥܾõħɼսһ
ţǡ
ҶɨһĹڴ򿪵ĹŹףһڷӡڵĵĹŹףҶȴĹһڽУ׶ߣïʢɫɫϺŰ˿ɫĹʵ
⣬ѵǴ˵е컯
֪˿ɫʵء컯֮Ҷɴ˫ۣ¶ŨŨľϲ֮ɫ


2107 ħ
ߣȥժ컯
ȻŹмпرҶĻ컯
ժ˿컯˿컯ҩ컯񵤡
󵨣ľħģ˭ҿɱ⣡
һĿ࣬űըԼħ۷澳ܣҶٶȼķ컯ɫһٻƷҶˡ
ƣ
ƷϮҶͫһѸٺһȭֲȭâױȵֱӷƷ
ţһ˺
񽣻ӳҶ꺣˲䣬һ˺˻ҵĿռ䣬ħֵܾĿע£նǿ׳룬Ѫ硣
񽣻꣡
Ĵ¼񣬿Ҷ羹Ȼ񽣻꣬ɫ䣬¶֮ɫ
ȻȫͻƵ񾳣ȴû񽣻˵ввʾпܱ񽣻ˡ
֣ɱ˵
˴£ֽвҶ˻ɱ̵ı
֮Ĵ¼ٻĴƷҶˡ
ĴƷͬʱĵ֮ӳĹֲ·򴩣ŵòħǱ㡣
սħգ컯ĽƣĴ¼Ը
Ҷ紫һѸ۷壬˫ȭʮڽӭĴƷ
䣡
ĵ챬ը
ҶȭĴƷͷŵĹĴƷ˻ȥ
ʲô
ĿҶѪ֮ȭӲĴƷһĻĴ¼¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
ħ֮򣡡
Ծ֮࣬ͬʱſǿħ֮˲佫ҶУҪ֮ɱҶ硣
򽣹ڣ
ɽ֮ϮҶݻ޵񽣣֮صһĴħ֮
䣡
Ҷٿ򽣹ڹ£Ĵħ֮Ӳһ޴ȱڣĴ¼⵽ɣһѪ˳ȥ
ôܣôôǿ
Ĵ¼񲻸ţҶս˵ĿֲȻһкĴ
ħ
ˣĴ¼ûȥȼǿֱ֮ݻĴɺڶҶ硣
ԭħˣ
⵽ĴɺڶҶоڵԴԴϵʧµ˵ݡ
㲻⵽ħı뿪㽫ħԶĵˣһɫƳۣ̤ѥͷͼͼħв
ħ𣿡ҶЦЦ˵ôоħҪأ
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ͣ
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ۣ
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ǧħʱҶٶȼķɽǧħɽУԵʵϵشԽǧħɽеĽƣ޽ǧħɽħطȥ
ǧħɽеĽƲϱƣħ壬ħܼԦǿħ޳ǧħɽУҶˡ
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һʵǿħܣҶû飬׷ʩչɱУϵػɱħܺǵħ
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Ҷʩչʱֹ֮£Щ汻˰Уá
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Ҷ壬ҶѸٺȭ˺ۣ¶ֵм
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꣡
ѸóŴѶ飬Ѹٵ飬бصħ峤ħػޣԼΨһ˶̫ϳϴѶ
໣
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ǰ޴ħޣҶһϳϹʱǿħ֮һѣڵʵսȻ
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Ҷһʼɱܣħһֱ֣Ӷҡħĵ̡
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һ֣ͬǿɫۣħһߣҶ¶һ˿Цݡ

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飬۷ܣ
̵ʼĿֲɫޱ䣬û뵽Ҷ߲з񱣻ʵӿֲվ֮۵۷ܱ

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ʱʼ̧֣˲ݻһɲʼӰԳԽٱٵٶȣ֮ززˡ
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ںǿʵڼµĶ㲻ʯӰУһֱӻһѪ
⣡
ⷢʼһɱڼ´ܵһĻȫѹסƵţԼޣаɱ˫˫¶η֮ɫϵԵĶ֣ȼѪ֮ʩչǿƣ֮ȥ
ݣ
ۿԲܣʼ̤˲һסš
ħ
⵽ʼŽħݵ£˲ûſźɫʴգʼҪˡ
̤۷ʼֲ̫ˣӶһֱۣռˣֱֲӷ˾ſźɫʴգݺݵغϣֱӰ˵棬һ顣
ľɣ
űʼһˣҶƻ編û˻ľѹϣڵ

⵽ľɣŷ˾ŭƴľ
ʱʼӡһƣϣһƽơ
ܿ죬ʧȥ֮űľɣ˸ɣľ۳Ż
ߣȥħأ
ɱħܣҶʼ񣬷ǰħأ׼ɱˣȡħѹµɱԴ


2113 ħͼ
ţʲô
Ҷ˺ؽƣħʱħϿշͻ䣬ŨŨĺںУԼһ޴Ĺͼ
ħͼħ֮
սħħһ˽⣬͸һۿͼħ֮
磬˺ħͼͽԸɣ
ʼоħͼħΪһ壬ԴԴϽ֮ûҶðգԡ
ħߣɱ⣡
һ塢бħѵ˳ڻҵħ󣬻ϰ֮⸿õĴܡ
Щܣе壬еڹ壬е壬壬ħ塣
Ѫ
Ϊ˻ɱҶˣѪϰ²ܣǵѪǿħͼ
ء
ں˰ѪħͼٴһëȻĹħͼݻ

ħͼԽԽǿʱʼһǧɳȫưƬצ̫ʼӰƳʼ壬ʣħͼ
̫ʼӰϮħͼгһͷ̫ʼмսһ
ʼӡ
̫ʼͷսʱʼſͣ³һöʼӡħͼ
ʼӡ֮֮һʼпɷǿ
䣡
Ӱֵʼӡħͼʱ˲ռ䣬ħϿձһƬ硣
ʼʼӡһǿħͼԴԴںֵ֮סʼӡĹʼտʼӡһδι޹
編࣬ľ
ԴԴħͼҶƻ編Ƴ壬ΡߴĻľѹ˱ħϣɫ룬Уǿжħѹ
ľκĿǣ⵽ѹħ⵽ӡ޷ԴԴϸħͼ㹻
ľôϣ
ͻȻֵĻľɫ䣬ħرľǿзӡǵĴвˣûħظħͼṩħͼ޷ֵʼĹ
ѣϣϣɱ˵
ĿͶҶˣħѣϹ˹ȥ
ʱ˿ֻ̣нҶ˻ɱ⿪ľѹתǬĿܡ
ħѽңԸսپˣ
ϮĵˣҶһȣӭħѡ
Ȼʧȥ編࣬Ҷսȼպ֮Ѫں֮ģȻܷսټȫлɱħѡ
໣
ɽħѿҶϮѿѪڣͷųֲ֮ںһ㹥Ҷ硣
֮󣡡
⵽ħͷŵ֮Ҷ˺֮ϵԼֳͬĸһƿ˺ںӰ֮
˵ʲô
ź֮͸Ļѹɵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
µδȵ̵ˣԿ϶ҶԳꡣ
ʱ˷𣬻һֻֻĻϵضѹơ
ħƣ
ûĻϮħת£ݻſɺգǿƽĹ
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ǿƵĹʱĳʮƣӱһµƣʯײ
ħᦣ
Σʱ̣ٻһīħᦣٵҡݺݵسϡ
໣
ײһħһëȻĹ
һ֮£ӡħҷ
ħ壬𣡡
û뵽ȻϬ۾бŨŨɱ⣬˲ſסҪһɱ
ħᦣħ٣
⵽򹥻ſħ򣬲ħзӡͷųڽħУħݻƵħͷѹ
ſɱޣа֣ȫѹסصħϣڽڵİˡ
ëҪνˣԹүүɣֳֻ񸫣һ͵ĹһħϣŭĿԲҧгݡ
аն
ħҪһлɱʱаץסᣬ˰аǿȫն˹ȥֲĹӲħˣֱ۵ļѿѪۡ
ɽ壡
ħϱˣ仯˻ɽڽݺݵѹ˴ͷϣֲӲ˫ѹ˼ӲС
ħ⵽ѹаץסᣬаΪһһ
ͣ
ħƣڵҲ飬屻аһնѪ
𣡡
ħҪʱֿ죬һ꣬ɱ


2114 ħ
ڣ
ޣаɱħʱҶ˲ں˺򣬽ϰڽײ仯ս̬Ӳһ
䣡
ҵħһ챬ը
ҶħӲһ˲䱬ǧףӴײ˴ƬӲʯײԶɽϣɽײһ޴ȱڡ
֮ڣ
٣
ײħѣҶѸں˽֮򣬽Ľ֮£񽣻ڽĸУʩչԼյǿһħѣơ
һĸб޵еĵϣֲ֮ﲻƣ𣬻һе飬ĩ٣˲ɽħѣƻ塣
򽣹ڣ
޼
һ֮ӵ޽Ҷֽʩչͨ˹ȥħѣơ
ɣ
⵽ҶƲϼصħѿɴڣϵҶĹ
ҵҪɶٹ
о򽣹ڣ޼⵽ħɣҶʩչͨħѼɣҪű
໣ϴԸ
ɱħϣޣаҶߣϵʩչɲĴɱУħѡ
ȻԳɿռ䣬һѱϾ飬ԶԶľƿ޷ԴԴɡ
˴忪ʼͣҲ¶ʹ֮ɫ
ѿҪﵽƿˡ
ݵԣоħѵ״޺аǲϧļ
ܿ죬ħѴﵽƿǵĶƤֱӱһ޴ȱڣʹİ
򣬽֮򣬹
ħ⵽ش޷ɣҶſ򣬽֮ϵضйơ
أħѵķԽԽѪڽѹѪģɥʧս֮
ģգ
شħѣҶûлɱٻ˾ģս˾У׼ȥҶ޼һа취շħѣΪá
ǣ
Ҷ˽ħʱ͵ʼӲħͼѿѺۣϵħͼ
磬ｻǣȥɱԴȫƿشֵʼ
ã
Ҷ˵ͷջѹħĻľѸħȥԵʵƵħеĽƣ˱ħӡɱԴ
ľɣ
һ޷߱ԴҶӵлľȴ
ľϵرɱԴ֮ϣɱԴĹϵɱԴ
ʱħɷԲʮĿռݣɱԴ·Ԥأľٵ
ľ̫ǿȫסɱԴĳԴԴϵɡ
ɶ񣡡
ȫѹסƵ񣬸оɱԴԴԴϵʧʱµҶ紳ħʵĿģʱ˿̣޷ɱԴֻ뾡һа취ѡ
ݻ̫𽥼أټħзӡ鲻ϱڻ޷˺
ʱֻܼϣħ뵽ʼ۷ʵ¶˾֮ɫħвʼģֻбչزħˡ
ʱһһ
Լһʱħ֮ħͼʼǿ̬˺ˡ
˺ħͼʼܵˣʮȫָƣħУѹһ
ħͼʼǿ˺ѣ⵽˷ɣץסᣬӲؿںһ޴Ѫƴķ͸ѪӿС

⵽𹥻񷢳˾ƴҪϨ
ʱ̫أټϷĹڵ屬ˣҲ³ķڻ
ɱ񣬷ʼѹɱԴ֮أΪҶ绤
ɱԴ嫣ľҲҹŽɱԴɵС
ڻľɱԴʱħ˲ûг羪֮һ㣬ӳħ塣
߰ɣ뿪
ɹɱԴҶ罫ľսУʼ񣬷ħȥ
ոշɵħ⣬Ҷĸ֪ʮҾ޴ħսԼٶȸһսҵս죬Ҷ¶һĨЦݡ
û뵽ħͬʱˣ𣿡ҶԽԽһħսս߰˵
ʼǰǰа񡭡ȥħһݴɣ
˵ţҶںϻ編֮࣬ģȼպ֮Ѫһȳȥ׼ǿ̬Ӳħ塣


2115 ħ
ħ峤Ƿ˵ˣԼٶǷ
ħܷҶˣһϢսϵľħ
ħħǿʼħ峤ħ峤ʼħ塣
ҷռ䣬Ҫˣ
ħվħ峤սװϣҪǺô󵨣ȻħϮħ塣
ţǣ
ԶԶȥħҶˣҶߵʼʱͫ׶ʱŴ¶֮ɫ
ʼȻû
ھħԪľʼֵһӦ䣬Ӧóħ硣
ѵʼͻƿˣﵽ۷ˣħԺиֳһõͷ
ħԤеΣʱҶ罫飬بţħ˴Ǭٻ˳ʻǰս͵Ĺ
䣡
һ貵âƲ񷣬ֲĹױȵƻħһսϣֲĹݿսķӲɳս俪һ޴ȱڡ
ɱ
սȱڣҶɽȱУƸǿƷ˹ħĴܡ
ħħУʵǿħ壬ֵסҶ˵Ĺ
̼䣬һħܱҶɱŨŨѪڿУȾ졣

Ҷ˷ɱ¾ħʱɫ۵ʼڵڶңħսսǰһս
һʼиֳһצǧɳ̫ʼӰѿηѪڣһħսķħսơ
ţʼſǿ֮򣬻û̫ʼӰ趯޾ֱӽħս飬ħܻҷ
۷壬ʼ̤۷徳ˣ
ĿʼǿƺħսһĻħһͷð˿ſź顣
ȻԲܣԲ۷֮ʵ̫󣬾ħ֮Ҳѿʼ
ٳȥ
ʼǿ£ħ񵱻ϣʣµս󳷣ⲽħ壬ħսĺ󳾡
ӵ𣿡
˼ۺ죬Ҫܵħսɳ˹ħս仯ɳˣȶʳԼٶ׷ħսҪһսٵɱħܡ
㲻Ҫ̫
Ϯħʱŭˣ峤Լʮħܣɳս˷
٣
ħϮٵȶ޴ĳ򣬾쫷磬Լٶȹӭ˾ħ˵Ĺۿħ˵ĹӴ֮ϣͻȻСٶȻʮ˲㿪˹ħ¼񷢶

ʹĲҽ㲻ħ¼Сķ񶴴壬գ֮䣬ڻ˻ҽɢڰС
񣬱ģһң
ɱħ⵽شʣ޼ħѾ޷ʧٻħѹգӻķٶȡ
ʼӡƣ
ħƾħѹʱʼڷߣ³ʼӡײѹľħ
䣡
ײһħռ䣬ƻΧ
¾ɵն
ʼֵסħѹʱħٻ¾ɵնһӰĵâһֿ˻ҵĿռ䣬Żһеնʼ
¾ɵĹʼû㣬˲ȭӭȥ
ȭϱݻŵȭâз·ֱֲӷ¾ɵâƵ˾ħĹ
裡
߰ĳХһ˲ȼǿѪ֮ûֻķӰȶȼյĻ򣬹˹ħ壬ħ壬սħ壬ħ壬ħ峤
ֻ賤յķӰϮħ峤ͬʱٻԵ֮ȫӲֻӰ
ǺƵĹʱħʼһȭɣڰһѪˣӲǵĹ
ħϴûܻɱ㣬ҿӣ
Ҷ籩һɱڵĻޣبŵɱ˹ɱ¾ħܣħʵ
ߣ뿪
ħƴ£ħսѾ֮ززֵסҶ磬ʼ͵ĹƣѪľħ񵱻ϣ峤Զȥ
ӵõ𣿡
ҶЦһǿоֹ˷Բռʱ٣˵һ˲䷢˾ֹ
ȻԵʵ˾ֹĿռ䣬ת˲ŵʱ䣬ȴʼ񣬷סǷ


2116 ǿɱ¾
ħɱ󣡡
ʼв̫󣬲ѣħٻһƵͼ
ħͼΪһʱ˹ʧֻʣӳɺڹħɱͼ
ڣ
ħɱͼ֣Ҷ˲ſĺںһӲϰڽֳĸһնȥ
ͣ
Ҷҵһ˺ѿħɱͼӳһɱƣħɱͼϣҪ亳
ħɱͼֲĸбڽԼϽ֮޷ֺ
䣡
ղһ£Ҷ类ħɱͼ˳ȥȫʧأһѪ˳˳
磬û°ɣ
񿴵Ҷˣߣסʧص壬ĵʵ
İɷû£
ҶһסڷѪ
󽻸ң
ʼͫһ仯ǿս̬۸ȫ
ʱʼһɨ̬ӵģһ޵еϯǧĤݡ
ʵ£ʼûһӰ˿תħɱ󣬲ϵطħɱӳɱħƣӲħɱ
ħɱں˾ħ˵ĹԲ۷֮ʵء
ħɱͼȼ̫ߣʼնɱħˡ
۷Ȼǿ󣬲֪ʵֽΣ
ŶӲħɱʼҶ类ʼʵ
ʼħɱ֮Ĺңϵƻſռ䣬ŴأƬƬɽΪƽأħ粻ٴܡ
峤ϼһʵ̫ǿˣǾħɱ󣬿ҲĶ֣
ħԽԽľħɱ޷вʼȫʼʵ
ȼѪħɱ£ֻнʼϼһˣӳĻᣡ
ħ⣬Ҷʱ侲ֹʼв̫Ǹ޷ܣֻܽҧӲš
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ħĻħ峤ֻܽҧأȼǿѪħɱУ޸ħɱͼеѺۣɱͼӲʼ
ʼ񣬲Ұɣ
ʱƣʧȥģɵʼߣȵķ𣬹ħɱ󣬸ħʩѹ
ʵȻʼ񣬵Ҳȫֵסħɱķ
أħɱͼֳ˵Ѻۣħ˵ѹԽԽ
ҵģеѪڽħɱͼУҪɱͼһƲϼأܲסľħסɱͼըȫܡ
ǣ
Ȼħɱͼֵߣʱ˿Ѿ˲ôˣ׷׵ͷͬ
䣡
ħɱͼں˾ħ˷Ѫǿ̼˷ʼĹǶʮס
ħɱͼ
ʼ񣬷˵˲䣬ħħɱͼˡ
䣡
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ӣ
ħɱͼը˲䣬ħ˲ϧ۵ȼѪԶȥ
ʱ侲ֹ
ħܵ˲䣬һӰͻȻ֣ʩչʱ侲ֹǿоֹħ˵塣
ڻռУҶʩչʱ侲ֹܵ˼Ӱ죬ֹסʵĹħ峤þħ˳ˡ
ʴ죡
ħ峤ǿ龲ֹռ䣬ѳ꣬Ҷ緢ҪҶˣ֮زز
򣬽֮򣬷飡
ϮҶſ򣬽֮ϵطĹ꣬ƽŹħ峤Ĺ
Ѫݣ
ץסҶƽʴĻᣬħ峤ʩչѪҪܡ
ʱҶ˲ںʩչһܵ·ߡ
ǿͻһ񹥻ʱʼ񣬷ˣס뵽֮С
ɣ
ڵˣҶӲ飬ûħ峤ϻ͵Ĺ
Ҷ˺£ħ峤ĵֿò԰̼飬һˡ
ߣȥսħ壬ľ֮Դ;ħ𣬾뿪ħ壡
ȻȡʤҶ粢ûеģ֪ħ廹һʵʼħڣ֡
սħĴ£Ҷһٶȼսħսħȥ
Լʱ䣬Ҷһ˷ɵɽ಻սħϿա
ʼ񣬷£սħ󷨽ˣҶһսħУսħ壬øոֻսħ峤ûꡣ


2117 սħ
ߣ󷨽Ҳǣ
ǿƴսħ壬սħгһϡµ󷨽ƣҶˡ
Ȼսħе󷨽󣬵Ҷ˵ȴûвԡ
һʱ䣬սħе󷨽ȫҶƵҶһ·ɱ¾սħС
ҪϾɱ
ӽսħصսħ峤˫ѪؿҶˣҧгݵ˵
ӽ罫ûսħ壡Ҷ米˫֣ԵػӦ
˵꣬Ҷսħ峤˷Ĺ
ոһۣħأսħ峤֪ħ֣սħܻܿᱻ
ħһֱչزȴǿչ·ֻ֣ԼС
֮ڣ
սħ峤սħ˶̫ϳϣԼһںǿʵҪ֮Ҷˡ
սħͼɱˣ
սħ峤ںʱһµսͼϿգҶˡ
䣡
սħͼ֣ʼշȥսħͼһȭ·ȭâݿսħͼĹݺݵغսħͼϣӲսħͼ˵Ѻۡ
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սħ峤ոҶ˽֣֪ǵĿֲ˳˯еľħ
꣡
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ħռе¶ֱյıΡ
ণ
ͻȻֵľħ𣬷񷢳һĳХȥԼĵˣħ𷢶͵ĹҪħɣǿս
򣬽֮򣬸𣡡
Ҷſ򣬲ϽһսħУ֮һһɱ
򹥻£һںȫֿսħܲϵŨŨѪڰУѪ

ǰһĻվԶûòսħ̾Ϣһ
ȻҶ磬ϱϾսħѪԸǰһС
ľ񣬾սħ壡
ֵסҶ͵Ĺսħ峤սħֶΣǿмľ֮Դ
ˣ
ľ֮Դ˲սħݣһͨɫϱĹľƳݵĵ棬ſء
ľ֮Դ
ľ֮ԴûĹľҶжʱһٻ˻編࣬ûľȥ
䣡
ľľײһ𣬲ϵ˺ſռ䡣
ӲһľδľľҲûռñˡ
ľ֮ԴԽǿҶԽˣһָоľһľ֮ԴһᷢʵķԾ˵ûĻ編ͻڼ£ﵽԲ
սħˣ뿪
սħ峤û뵽ľҲȲǣʱսħѸٳء
սħӣҶûиϾɱսħ
꣡
սħ峤ƴֿʱʼȫһͼƵսħ峤ֶΡ
ͼ飬սħ峤˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȣӰǵս

սħԽԽʱһֵİͻȻ
Եʵȫѹ˾ħ𣬲ϵؽһɵ˶Уٵ
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սħ뵽֮ʱѪսħϿգͻȻһīƲ㡣
źƳսħʱͻȻƳһֻգµĴ֣ץҶˡ
ħڳˣ
ͻȻֵ֣ʼǵͻȻ⣬շӭֻ֡
䣡
ʼûצײһڻҵγһ޷ŴԲιΡ
ʼΪͻƵ۷壬ΪΪˣֻ֣֮
ʼǿƵֵסʱһŭں
ǿչ·Ҫˣ֮ĶԹʱˣʼ޾ħвԵ
˵ţʼиֳһ̫ʼӰû뵽˾ҷĺУһƵħںе
ʼˣȱأһʮħ񷢳ĺʧˡ
ħճ֣Ȼ޷ֱսħˡ
ʱ䣬սħ峤ȫսħҲɡ
ľľļսУҲȡѹԵƣɵɱԴľ֮Դ
ħչأħܱľľ֮Դʱħһ˸ơ
ľҹɣľ֮Դ
磬ȻħѾǣǾͲҪˣ
ҶջػľʱʼߣȰ˵
ǰħʵֲܿʼ΢΢Щص׵
ţȻֻǸս֣һ϶ħһ̤뵽۷壬һָо۷֮·Ͽ±ߵԶʼ˵ͷ
ãȻǾͻȥɣ
õԴԼ˿컯裬ѹħѣõҶջķᣬûٴɱ䣬ٻս뿪˻ҵħ硣


2118 컯ռ䣨ϣ
𻯹ۡ
磬ڻˣл˳𣿡
Ҷһ˷糾͵ĸϻص𻯹ۡʱۡ׷ӭ
к˳׷ǰҸĸأǻûлҶʵ
ţ㸸ĸǻһʱܸϻ׷˵㸸ǱҲȽ˳Ѿɹ֮Դ
ǾͺãҶ˵ͷ׷ǰҶǲǸҸȥˡ
ǣȥħûãҶͻ澳޼ȥˡ׷˵ͷ
׷ǰȥæɣȥѣôˣ
˵ţҶҡ
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ʱˣѵƻָ˴룬ҲķˣֱҶУԳ
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ص𻯹ۡҶûеľԼ編С
սħѹľ֮Դʮֵǿ󣬻ľɺ÷࿪ʼ
һ編Ҷţ編սܳԽڼ£ﵽԲ
Լʱ䣬編һʱҶ޼죬֮˼Ԧһֻ˻
磬˵ǽħҵһͿħ壬ɱ˹ħ峤
ȻҶ޼һֱ壬ͨԼİ֣֪ħ緢飬Ҷսʮ⡣
Щһõħַе
ҶЦЦ˿컯Լ˳
컯衭
ҶٻҶ޼ɴ˫ۣž޲¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
ٳδ飬Ѱ컯Ҷ޼񵤵ҩõҩҶ޼컯񵤣񵤵ļʽ
һѹħػħѣף֪а취շ𣿡Ҷһħٻ˳
磬ԽԽҳԾˣҶ޼ĶӣѸңһ£ԹΪҶ޼ЦһԺ˵ҶԽ⡣
ڶһ磬Ҷ޼Ҷ纰ԼԷС
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ף̫һǺεȾܣҶһֱ֪̫һʵʵ
̫һʵӦԲҪ֮ģ֮ģ̤۷壬ʱ˻ʡҶ޼˵
ѵ˻۷ܣҶ絹һû뵽˻صô
˻Զп£Ȼŵ̫һٳٲһع磡Ҷ޼
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ǱҪץסδʱʵȻһǿչ·֣ǽΣգ
ףǿչ·ҪˣҶɴ˫۵
㣬ǿչ·ӦÿҪˣҶ޼˵ͷǵʱҲˡ
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ףȥħ磬ûľսħѹľ֮ԴȻľȫ編ӦÿӵԲսҶ˵ͷ
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ʲôطҶüͷһƵ
λ컯ռ䣡Ҷ޼˵컯ռźܶ컯飬ÿһ컯ʵǿҪõ컯ռе컯ֻ֮вϵػɱ컯С
ףǬܽһ컯ռ𣿡Ҷʵ
У컯ռ̫ңԶҽһ͵ﶼܳˣƱɸĸȥ컯ռ䣬ֻԼҶ޼ҡҡͷ
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磬Ҫסֻһȥ컯ռĻᣬһ컯Χ㼫пܶһҪȫ׼Ҷ޼ѵ
İɸף컯ռҶĵ˵
ǺãȻѾǹʱ䣬Ҿʹȥ컯ռ䣡Ҷ޼˵
˸ףȥ컯ռǰܰҽĸ𣿡ȻҶûȥ컯ռ䣬컯֮Ŀֲ׼ĸĵȼ
ãû⣡
ҶȼĸߣҶ޼۾һһڴӦ
ʱһȥ
̫һ˾찵֣Ҷ޼ɱԴһʱҲ޷ƽ⣬ĸȴС£ںһ
ںС˴֮Դĸʱ䣬ﵽ£컯ˡ
編Ҳľ֮ԴҶ޼˵ǰ㣬編ľ֮ԴսȻʱ䣬ͻԲвСĲࡣ
磬׼£ڿţȥ컯ռ䣡
оҶʵʱ޷Ҷ޼͸Ҷһ񵤣Լһſռ䴫ʯСԼĿռԴǿдһռţҶңԶ컯ռС


2119 컯ռ䣨£
컯ռ䣡
֪õĿռ䴫ͣҶ뵽һصĿռУռ䣬̫ǿͬʱ֮ϣسɫһȥͷ
ͨ񣡡
Ҷʩչͨ񣬷ѳһֳֿռ䴫ͷڵ£ʣԶĿռȥѰ컯顣
ŷţǰһƬɽ಻֪ľдʮְƮŨŨԭʼɭ֡
Σգ
̤ɭֵ˲䣬Ҷĸ֪ͻȻΣգΧ׳ĹľûΣһ
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⵽˹Ҷ̤Ѹٵ㣬һ˲佫ٶʮ㿪˵Ĺ
Ȼ㿪˱컯һǲ˿ֲķ֮صغҶ֮ϣӲڵѪҵط
컯Ȼֲ
ҶһסڷѪ컯սʶо컯սӦ൱ڴܣսԳϵ컯ͺ鷳
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Ϊ˱컯飬Ҷ˲ſ컯飬Ƿ
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컯飬˴컯֮ӿ뵽ҶС
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컯֮Ҷ۾ʱȫţԼ㹻컯֮һ̤ھ硣
Ҷʮһ컯ʱ컯Ҷ緢͵Ĺ
ֲ컯֮ϵط֮Ҷ塣
֮ڣ
٣
⵽컯鹥Ҷں˽֮򣬽֮£ʩչյǿһߺ컯顣
䣡
컯һֱӱ֮壬˾컯֮뵽塣
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ͷ£
Ҷ粻֪ɭŶ컯飬ֱɭֶȥܷɢɭе顣
ٶȼķ˰ʱ䣬Ҷɫ΢΢һ䣬ظо⵽ػˡ
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˲䣬Ҷĸоɽٳ˶ʮ컯顣
⵽ô컯鹥Ҫ˵Ҳֵס
Ҫɱ컯飬ûô򵥣Ҷ
Σգ
ŷţҶͻȻоƵ㿼ƹʱԼΧĹľȫ˹ŰΧˡ
ʮ컯飡
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Ȼǿ󣬵Եֵסʮ컯Χ붼û룬ϷͻΧ
䣡
ҶͻΧ˲䣬ʮ컯ͬʱֲֹ컯֮˲佫𣬷ƻź֮
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컯ֲ̫֮գ֮䣬Ҷſ֮ˣֲ컯ϵ˺֮ݺݵغϡ
Ǻ̫֮ǿһɱ
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ӲӲ컯ҶһǿоֹΧʱ١
ţں˺ͽ֮ػϷ컯鷢
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Ҷݻ򽣹ڣݻǧȭֱͨӷ컯飬һȱڡ
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ʱʣµʮһ컯˾ֹռ䣬ٶȼס͵Ĺ
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ͻΧʧܣҶһҧѸ編֮࣬ںϣս£ֳĸʮһ컯鼤սһ
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Ϊ˵ֵʮһ컯ĹҶѸٻİ潣ΧγǬ̶ȼʮһ컯Ĺ
컯ֲ̫̼֮ͽһǬ顣
ץסǬֵ˲䣬Ҷں֮ϵһ컯鷢ƴȫش
ǿɱһ컯飬Ҷƽһء
ûǿʩչʱ侲ֹʮ컯飬Ƿ
Ҷʩչɱ컯ʱĺ֮أദµ컯֮Ѫ졣
ܲסˣҶ粻òռ䴫ͷʧڰײе컯Χ£صԭء


2120 ͳ
컯̫ˣ
صԭأҶ糤һµ
ûö̫һĿռ䴫ͷʵҪɱΧ졣
صԭأҶûκεͣ뿪ҵһ԰ȫĵطϢڵ£ȫڵ컯֮
컯֮磬ҶʵҪҲһһϦ
Ҷ뵽컯֮İ취һã컯֮뵽編Լ񽣻У컯֮ǽʱ䡣
һ񽣻꣬編෢ʱ䣬Ҷս
һʱҶڵ컯֮ʵõ˼編࣬񽣻Ҳʱ䡣
о컯֮ĺôҶûκεԥƿ˵棬ٴΣصԭʼɭУɱ컯顣
ϴεľ飬ҶԭʼɭʱС࣬̽Σա
ܿ죬⵽˻ûʯ컯鹥
ûᣡ
Ź컯飬Ҷս£ֳںʮ౶ĸȥ
һ񣡡
һ̳Ľأ˫Ľ֮˲˺˿ռ䣬һһ컯ϣڽ뵽Уֱӽˡ
ţҶ˲ں򣬽֮һݻǧȭһݻ򽣹ڣ컯顣
˴컯֮Ҷսں֮Ĺ컯˺
䣡
컯鱻Ҷͬʱʩչͨ˳ȥ⵽ش
񽣻꣬ն
컯һ˿ϢĻᣬҶٻ񽣻꣬컯鷢һǵ壬նɱ
Ѹײڶ֮նɱ컯飬Ҷ˴컯֮
˳ɱ컯飬ҶϢȴɱ
Ҷ컯ռɱ컯ʱҶ޼壬ǿ̬ѹ졢Դȫŭ壬硣
Ҷ޼֣һҲ֣ǿгȡѹıԴ峤̫콻֡
Ҷ޼δʱ̫ųһˣ˽ʱȴһնѿ壬ٴȻ󲨡
޼˵ǸͻȻֵ˭
һϮɫȹƤ𪣬ɢų֮ΪҶ޼һ裬ǷĲʵ
ϲĻӦ˻ʣҶһ裬˵
˻ʣȻصô뵽һնѿ̫Ĵţ쵣ǵ˵޼˻ʽ֣мɰջ
СɰջСذɣҶ޼ԵػӦ
ǾͺãҶ޼Ļش޼ڵôûΣհɡ
Ϊ絣ģԶгɫһ˳ʵһܷʵķԾ˵Ҷ磬Ҷ޼ϲɵ¶˵Цݡ
˵֮ʣҶ޼ɫͻȻˡ
һ̣ʧԷУڽ̻Ի͵ĸۡϿգűѪɫƲڵգ۾͸ޱǿҵս⡣
̲ͣסҪˣҶ޼ս߰˵
Ҷ޼̫ˣΪɱ㣡һ϶ۻڳռҵĲ
ͣɱ˱㻹𣿡Ҷ޼ЦЦη˵ְɣñ񿴿ô꣬ʵ˶١
Ҷ޼һ㣡Ҷ޼Ļ͵˿ڣץŭ
˵ţƳһֻɳɽһĴ֣ݻź纣ĵ⣬ѹҶ޼
ɫѹҶ޼˫ֿٵŤһö̺Ĵӡӭȥ
䣡
ӡڰײһ𣬶ʱƻ÷ԲʮĿռ䷢˺
ͣʵҲˣһƵ͵ĹҶ޼˸߰ĳХԼٶƽ˳Уɱڳеӡǡ
ȻӡǣȴǿĿ£Ҷ޼ս伤ս˽һʱŽӡƵ
ͬʱʥϿգͬ˳ɫƲ㣬͸մӡǣʥ˻ʳ֡
Ȼ͸ճ֣δκҶ޼˻ʣֳʵȴ磬ñܴƴ
޼Ĺ۲죬͵˻ָ˶٣
ĿҶ޼ӡһս׷¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
Ҹоû͵˿ҪָˣθճǸһ棬Ҫȥ嵷ңƴһɱңҶ޼Զߣͳ˵
޼һô˵
ѰҩֻҪ̤ͽΪ壡
񵤣ϵԴԶԶ˵
׼ȥһ˹壬ҲӦҪĶҶ޼һʵڲУ壬СҲɱҡ


2121 編ɱ
ʱţܿʱȥˡ
УҶһɱ˽컯飬ͨǱޣ컯֮뵽壬˾ƿ編ҲɱıԵ
꣬ɱ䣡
ѪҶڵ£컯֮뵽˽С
ں˴컯֮귢ʵɱ䣬һɱ컯꣬컯
ɱ䣬Ҷս򵥵ϢһᣬһγŴ컯ԭʼɭУɱɭ컯顣
ԽԽ룬컯սԽԽǿҶ֪˼Σա
ãʮ컯飡
ҶǱһľɽʱСĴɽеĽơ
ţĸ֪ɽʮʵֲ컯飬һ컯սﵽԲҶΣա
ĥҶҲ˼ɱ䣬û컯ڽĸУӭʮ컯顣
֮
ʮ컯ʱҶٻʮʩչ֮ʮеƣ˲佫ʮ£ʮһ컯顣
컯ǼߣоʮĿֲܵҪ㡣
ʱٶȼҶ翿컯飬ʩչʱ侲ֹǿоֹռʱ䣬ס컯飬޷㡣
գ֮䣬ʮ˹ֱֲ֮ӹᴩ컯壬ش
ľɣ
컯ܣҶٻľͷŻ֮ѹ컯֮ϣӲ飬ڵ컯֮
˲Ϣ֮ɱ컯飬ߴ컯鷢Ĺϯռ䣬޿ɱܡ
Σʱ̣Ҷſ򣬽֮Ӳߴ컯Ĺ
䣡
һ
⵽ߴ컯鷢컯Ҷſ֮Ӳ飬Ҷռֵ˲䣬㿪ڰС
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Ҷ紭Ϣһĸںһߴ컯鷢
ĸں컯꣬ϳһ컯컯в
һ֮£һ㲻컯鱻Ҷһ壬컯鹥ʤ컯˲䣬⵽컯鹥屻˳ȥصˤԶײ׳Ĺľ
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˲Ϣ֮䣬컯鿪ʼήձľˡ
Ĵ컯飬ӿ˻ľɱٶȣҶһջ˻ľںһսʣµ컯鼤սһ
컯ĹǼԲ컯Ҷ˼˺ϵ˺֮
ԽԽأҶ粢δҧؿļ֣컯鼤ҵɱַ컯飬ûľȫˡ
꣡
ߴ컯飬ľ߲Ƥʼ䣬µƤƤȻûƤǰأƤ˵µƣĻ֮Ҳøӿֲ
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䣡
ͨͬʱҶȫ˲գֲ֮ռ䣬ݺݵغ컯ϣ˲ش컯飬ǿ컯ס
Ҷȼպ֮Ѫӵ޽ͬʱʩչͨʱڳߡ
վҶȻûٻľѹѵ컯ϣĶǽɡ
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ǿ컯ĹҶ޻ֻ֮ٶȫ㡣
ۿҶֵס컯Ļľյɱ䣬û編ӵԲս
編࣬
Ҷһƻľ˻編ɱ˹ǿ컯鼤սһ
ľɱ䣬û編ս˽ٱټϼ᲻ɴݵ˲ѹסǿ컯飬ϵ塣
ܿ죬ڻ編๥£ǿ컯ˣ˾컯֮ڽҶС
ǿƻɱʮ컯飬ûľʱ䣬صҶҵһȫ֮أ˵£ٵڽ컯֮
Լһ¹ȥˡ
ڵµҶȫƣڽ컯֮ȫˡ
ȫ컯֮Ҷüͷȴֺ֮컯֮ǿҵĿ壬͵ȵ컯֮Ѿ޷ʵˡ
ͻڵѶȹȻСһҪ룬ɱߵȼ컯飬пܽ컯֮Խھ磡
Ҷƿ˵ز㣬ӷյɭȥɱߵȼ컯飬ȫھ硣


2122 
𣡡
Ҷ籩һĸںһһɱ컯飬˴컯֮
Ϊͨ컯֮Ҷ˵ãӿ컯֮ȫ뵽編УŻ編ս
һɱ컯飬ҶٶȲļɭ֡
Ϊ編ɱ䣬Ҷսһ컯Ѿвܿ죬ɵƬɭֵһ߽ɣͨɫֳһ޸սﵽԲµ컯顣
ɫ컯飬Ҷ绹߷ʮԲ컯顣
ѵ컯
ǰɫ컯飬Ҷ۾ʱ
һָоԼܻɱ컯ԼӦÿ̤ھ磬ʱԼܷˡ
ƴˣ
Ҷһ˲ںϻ編࣬ս£컯
Ҷ羪˲侪컯Χ컯飬Ƿ׷׳ֹҶ硣
Ҷȣںϻ編֮࣬ģȼպ֮ѪսԲ׵ֵסʮ컯Ĺ
Ҷһ컯ʱ컯޸նһΡľɽشƺɱҶ硣
䣡
ҶֳĸӲ컯һһ޸Ӳס
컯꣬ն
Ҷ类컯ˣûмһƽƳ˻꺣ն˷Ϯ컯飬һ컯ն˻ȥ
Ҷɭ־ͷ컯ս֮ʣǰҶ޼ʱص˸ۡС
Ȼӹеõ˼ҪҩɫȴԽء
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ݹ峤֪ǿչ·ܻڽʮڳ֣Ҷ޼̾Ϣһ
ԭȾ㣬ǿչ·ڰ֣ǿչ·ֵʱ˾ʮ꣬ȫļƻ
ʲôǿչ·ôҪˣ
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ҲЩɣǿչ·еõһ̣峤ǽģҶ޼Ҳ̣һ£峤ӦǶԵġ
ѵ춼ڰ壡
׷˵ıԽԽأʮһ֮أ嶼̲
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޼ӹƶ񵤵ҩ𣿡֮ʵ
һ޸ʥˮûҵ峤ң̫һ޸ʥˮҶ޼˵
²˳٣½ȥ̫һɣ
ʱҲĵʱ䣬ߴٵ
ţͽ纰
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ʱҶ磬컯ս˰Ȼ׶Σ컯£ȫҶɱˡ
򽣹ڣǧȭ
ȻأҶûϵݻͨϵع컯ƴȫơ
Ҷ繥ͣ컯Ĺͬ£ɱڴܵĹϵغں֮ϡ
ǻ編ɱ䣬ӵԲսҶ֧Ųסˡ
ҾͲɱ㣡
ҶһѪҧؼ컯ֱǰĹѹס컯ڽڵİˡ
໣
Ʊѹƣȫŭ컯ѿͣһײеХƴҶ緢
ûᣡ
컯һйʱҶ粶׽ת˲ŵĻᣬ˲侲ֹʱ䣬һֱδõ֮ʮ컯һ
ԤеΣգ컯˽ƿռ䣬̫أոִǿһ˶ݵͣ٣㲻Ϯʮ
䣡
ʮı컯𣬿ֲĹϵ塣
ˣ
ںϣ
ͨ
컯岻ʱҶ粻ƣͨ컯ϣǿ壬ɱ
ɱ컯컯֮뵽Ҷ壬Ҷһٳ˾ƿͻƵھ磬ǵʮڽս˽ٱ
ʱȥˣ
ͻƾ磬Ҷ緢Ҷ޼Ѷ˿ռ䴫ʯţ뿪컯ռ䣬ص硣


2123 Ҷ
ڡ컯ռɱ˲컯飡
߳ŵҶ磬Ҷ޼֪ľʵ¶Цݡ
Ը㣡
Ҷ޼һٻ˳Ҷ硣
ףƽ̫һеİ֣
ԶҶİԶҶ޼ԣҶİϲ
ûУ̫һеİѾ㹹вֻһͷܽİȫƽ⣡Ҷ޼ҡҡͷ
ף׼̫һҶüͷһƣʱµҶ޼ͷ
ź֮ģƿ̫һǿнշҶ޼˵ͷ磬úϢ£һ磬ǻض½
֮Ҳںޱߣ֮ܡ
̫֮Σˣǲܼˣ
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ȴ¶˾֮ɫϵشҶ硣
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ӲǱˣǸո½֪֮Լˮ̵ĻѣһʱҶ硣


2124 ƭ
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мں֮е֣ʼƿ̫һҶ޼¶˵Цݵ̫һһѪҪɱˡ


2125 ̫һ
Ҷ޼㲻ǺųӢ޵УȻȱ޳ܵ飡
꽥Ҷ޼ƿص̫һ񣬷һ㹥Ҷ޼̫һսͲҶ޼ֽƿأӲҶ޼Ķֻ֣ܷŭ
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֪ԼѾ֮սϵһû·
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˵꣬Ҷһ뿪˾Žʹ֮Ҷ޼̫һϣ˺ƽ棬ص硣


2126 ʥ
ʥأʥ֮һɽУˡ
Ϊ𻯹ʥؿǿ󷨽ƣлһǰݷá
ʲôʥؾȻɽˣ
ǰʥشûйرչɽţ׷ʲô£
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һǰʥذʦÿͣĤݵʿ۷׷ʱһɫۣӲߣ۾ⳤӿ˵
֪
ӻ䣬һ˫˫۾ˢˢͶ
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һŭʿɵۣողҪֽѵҶʿҲˡ
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ߣҪԸ˻ʱ£ȴͷʬ̤ɣ׷˵
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ǰĻ棬׷ߵȫɵˣеһĻĻ߸ǵ֪
ۼʥʿȫеĻʱһ߰쾪ףը졣
̫һǰݻᣡ
Хд֮ǿɽĽƶ
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󵨣ôʥɱ⣡
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Ҷһ˵սֲ̫Ҷ޼̫һʼˣȫ۷ܡ
̫һӶһ³ӣռֱܼӽǰʥصӳ˳ȥȴû˼ǵ
ҶһɵλɽʥʱһݻŸľ޴Ĺסǵȥ·ֲһԽѵĴ
˻ʣˣӭ𣿡
ںϺ֮ģ̤۷壬̫һָյĺ飬ߺһ֮籡壬һͷ񷣬̤ɽľˣһȭֱӺǵľ޴
ֲɽҵĲ޾Ĺʥӳա
󣡡
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ģ
ĵŮӣҶһϳԼ㺵ġ
Ҷ磬ҶǵʲôѵԼѪԼĸǻʥأһϮɫֳһĵŭҶ˵
ģ˻ʲҰļң㲻ҪٸˡҶӣϵȰ˵
ߣҶһĻ˻ʥص䣬е飬һΪ
ģҶ˵û֮䣬˻һɵġҶӻ
ֵܶ˲Ҫһһ͵Ϸˣǲŵģҡҡͷǿ˵
Ҷ磺
ģ㲻Ҫ˵ҶҵֵܣҶһͷߵ˵
ģ


2127 
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Ϊ۷ڵ̫һϳ
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ǿƻʯĹ̫һٴͷź֮󣬳ڽ𻯹ÿѪ޴Ҳ˵Ѻۡ
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Ϊ̫һΪǧǧϵͬģҶ޼ؼ˻ʣ˵
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̫һնâ˻Ӷһֱۣ˲佻֯ϵĽâ緢Ľɽֱӷ̫һĹ
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չֻҪṳ̂ҾܻҶ޼ǿ˵
˵֮ʣ̫һĵݵ£ֳ˻ʷֲĹŭһ㣬˿־塣
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ôܣ
ؿڴĽۣ̫һ޷ʵ޷ţ˻ʵʵ˿ֲԼ̤۷壬֮ĶĶ֡
̫һ֮ʣɫһ䣬˻ֳ˻ʽն
һնط·ֹֻʣһᴩĽâ
֪˻һĿֲ̫һʩչǿֶΣӲһ
˻һֲ̫˲Ϣ֮˺̫һֶΣһϣ˳ȥЩ룬ش
Ҷ޼һ飬ִҪ뱾Ϊ𣿡һ̫һ˻ʽĿͶҶ޼Եʵ
˻ʣұ֮Уһս⣡Ҷ޼ǿƵػӦ߰ɣȥһսɡ
ȻǱԸȥһս
˵ţ˻һɫӰҶ޼շ˺ڣΣķ⣬սһ


2128 ̫
̤ʥߣɱ⣡
һ壬ûκеͻȻ˻µɫӰз
ɫӰ飬¶һɫʯ̶ɣ˫ǿ⣬ֳһ޸ߴɵʯˡ
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ʼͫһ̤һ˲Խǧףڻʯǰݵ˲˷צץ˻ʯ
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2130 ֮£
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2133 Ұ裬
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һļҪջҶʱһɾ޴𣬰һɶ˺˿ռ䣬ֱӽӶļܺ˳ȥķѣѪ
磬С治ţѿѿӷƨĻ磬ƲƲ죬һ˵
ʲô޵ˬ͹ˡ
˵꣬ޣħڵ߳˿ջɫļ֣Ű˵ľ͸ҹ˭ͣүү

ļżŭˣٻһӡ״ļƷǿ˻ޡ
ûȼƷӡлޣſѪڣһڽƷ̵˿Уľ׽

ĿҧƷһĻļڴȫɵۣѵÿ־壬˫Ȳ
ǲޱĵؿʲôԵħѣҡҡͷ
㣬ǵʲôˣ
ļ֪ƷӲȣƷҧˣǲ
ľ͸ҹߣ˭˭ްԵľ
Ǹô죿ļַ׷״ѯʡ
ô죿
ȣ㲻ʲôɱڵĻ޺ħѣļĵ˵ϣһ㣬Ŵļֹ뿪ˡ


2134 ˭
˵ļ˱˱Ƶһ뿪¿ջ
Ȼҵʱ·治֪¿ջסǺηʥȻʼħļ壡
ŰɣϷϾҪˣҾͲļڶ
ʼħǸĿ⼯¿ջʱļʼħĴ壬¿ջ⣬ַҶˡ
ʼħĴʵȻи澳򣬵Ҷȣǵ̫С
Ĵ壬ǰַħУһɫۣͷϿ̻Źͼ澳ħߣļϼʼħ峤Ļ
˸ţٹǴɱ䣡
̣ɫۣŨںļ˵ڵ˵
ģϴүү㲻㾹Ȼ˶Ȳ㣡ֵĳˣڻ֮󣬻ѡ
޻磬ħѣ
һ̫ʦϣɫ°һ̬Ļ߳¿ջĻ޺ħѣһƨɴ̫ʦϱͷð˿ſź顣
Ȼ澳ʻǻޣħѵĶ֣⡣
ͷ㻹ţӷǻ㣡ļδ޺ħѵʾ˵
ңЦЦ˵
ס죡
Ļļһƣסˣǳ
Ҹˣˣļߺߵ˵ޣħѵԽı䡣
ס죡ĻˣƣݺݵسļԴϣֱӽ鷭ڵϡ
ף㣬ҸʲôļЩˡ
磬һȺϣϻôʲôǣǳǳضɣҪ˵ˡ
ζǵĴֻҪλ޴ǣ˷رöλ޴ͻȻϢĻɣѴﵽ񾳣˵
ߣرһóʲôر
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Ҳ˶ãûʼħˣ
һԵƥͻȻɫۣӷ·ռΪһҶ޼ʼħǲ˾찵֣ص¿ջ
ףˣ
ʧҶ޼Ҷ磬˷׷׳¿ջ⡣

Ҷ˵ϢĻȶˡ
Ҳû뵽ļôۣǵһȺܣҶ޼˳ʼħĿģǸеľ
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Ҷ޼ûû޴ɱ䣬ʼħ巽ȥ
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ļĻҶ޼Ʒߣļʱ
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ļֻȥ䣬۵ĶӳƤ
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ĻһܽʼħС
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ħһѪɫָ˳ȥصˤ˺󷽣Ƕħͷǽϣúڽʯɵǽײ˵Ѻۡ
ħӦ֪˭˰ɣ
һָɾħҶ޼ԵƥʼħϿ𣬾þòɢʼħ塣
ʼħе󷨽ƣҶ޼˵ͬ裬ϵ˺ʼħе󷨽ƣҶˣĴ
Ҷ޼ǣ
Ҷ޼Ϥħɫ΢䣬óһöɫʯѸ飬ʼħصħѶ


2135 ħ
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Ҷ޼в̫Ҫ֮УֻмħелᣬħһѪ
ˡ
Ҷ޼һ˷ɵʼħһں֮ͼڰУҶ޼ˡ
ʼħͼȴ޷赲Ҷ˵ĽŲһ·һͼʼħϿգ˾ħˡ
Ҷ޼ҪħĴս𣿡ħŭҶ޼ˣɫ˵
Ҫ˵ϻˣħɣƾǣǱĶ֣Ҷ޼ԵػӦ
㡭
Ҷ޼ӵĻħը˷ΣֻԲܣ֮Ҳܿһ۷壬Ҷ޼ʼ̫һ۷ܣǶ֡
Ҷ޼ʼħˣ
ͻȻһħӳƵħ⣬ӳأʼħѹҲһ̷ˡ
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Ϊħ϶֣ʼĻǵһӳ޾Ĺâû뵽Լħƾʵ͵̣̤뵽۷徳
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һϮɫۣںڵĳɢ˫磬ڵƤҫŵ⣬ģħֻ̤ͷ­ͨڣΧһйĹˡ
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ħֻҶ޼˵һۿֻħݻɵģʵﵽԲ
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Ҷһȣȼպ֮Ѫںƣս£Բľħ
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ҶٶȼϮħٻ¾ɵ¾ɵһµƣ֮ն̬Ҷ硣
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䣡
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ħڽڰʱҶٻ˻ɱõʯǿ֮ѹɫޱľħ


2136 
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ӵʼħħ׷׸ϵʼħ壬ħ񣬾ħС
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ħɱҶ޼ħ弸ȫ¶һ˿Цݡ
䣡
ħԺһȭӲ۷弫µħˣٻССϵرڰУ˺ʼħƣѹʼħ塣
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ħ񻯳ѪûڰܵСΪĵĴڽ˴С
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˴ħ棬ħѪ˳ɫĩһ㣬ħ뵽֮С
Ҷ磬ǻɹҲŹǣԽԽصľħ뵽Уͳ֣ħڽӡ
ҶЦЦ˵һ㻯Ļ𣿡
˵ţҶ粻ƣٵݼµ⣬ֳĸʩչĪĽѹƾħ
ħԴԼСѹþħ޷ɣǵս
Լһʱħųħ棬ħɱħ񣬾ħҲԽԽأ֧Ųס
ۿʩչ˫Ҷ磬ԲľħɱͻȻһǿ繥
ͣڳˣ
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Ҷ޼Ӳһʱ˺۵ħ񣬾ħ˳ô˻ᣬ׷ʩչܡ
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ħ񣬾ħħܣҶ׷ɱ׷ɱɱħǵѪС
͸չ£Ҷ˱Ӳסħ񣬾ħˡ


2137 Ʒ
Ҷ޼ٶգȱأĩգ
շĹҶ޼ƵʹΪջ𣬿ľ
ҵ㣡Ҷ޼ûʾӦš
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͵ʧħ񣬾ħߣҶ޼ʼħԼѹµ
ħ֮Դ֮Դ֮Դ
Ҷ޼ԴʱħѹıԴоȻǿ֮Դ
춼վߣ
񵤣Ҫһ֮ݣ֮ѾҶ޼Ѱ¶δҵʼħз֮Դϲ
λҪʼˣЩӣλػܣҪ˴
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ţһŨŨҩ¯һ¾;
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ŨŨҩ㣬Ҷ磬ʼ˸߶ȵĽͷǿܣʱֵܳΣա
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ʦҶ޼ҪҪɱȥƻеŬһ񣡡
͵ʼħ壬ħ񣬾ħ˲ûԶߣܣӿĵ٣ħɫ˵
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磬ʮ˿żƷ񵤸㣬㽫Ƿ˰ɣ
ʮ˿żƷ̺ҩ嫣̺ԴĻ輫Ʒ񵤣Ҷȫлڶʱ̤Բ硣
ллף
Ҷٻһɫı«ʮ˿żƷս˱«С
ѣǰаǰبǰ磬ѡЩƷ͸ǣҶûģԼĿżƷ񵤣ʣµļƷ͸ѵˡ
Ϊ죬֮񣬷̤ԲƷ񵤶ǼãҶ޼ԽڴҶ޼Ƶ컯񵤡
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ţҶ޼ںһ𣬿Ƴɫȼ¯ʼѶȸԲٽһ컯񵤡


2138 컯
ǿҩ
ҶһżƷ񵤣оһӴԼбˣӿĻɽ˳ȫľҴܡ
編࣬ѹ
żƷ񵤱ҩҶƻ編ǿѹȫ
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ʼħ⵽ٺѱ˷棬ɺԵǱٺ飬ƬƬĹľҷ
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ԶԶŻһʼħ壬ħ񣬾ħֻѪҶ޼˵ĺԽԽŨ
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ںĵ٣߿컯ɹҫһµơ

Ҷ޼˫صĴ¯ϣ¯ǡ
ʱ߿컯񵤣߿ǣҫɫ⣬ڰУʶĿ
죬׷ܵ컯񵤣
Ҷ޼һĿ컯񵤷ˡ
л
ӹ컯񵤣׷¶˼֮ɫӵ컯񵤣мؼʿ̤۷徳
޼׼񵤻뿪Ҹȫĵط
Ҷ޼Ȼ˳ƳƷԼ컯񵤣ȴǿҵĲ
ܲԴ֧ţƶ񵤵ĵطɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ҷ޼¶Цݵ
ǺðɣǾ͵ȳͻƾ磬񵤣֪Ҷ޼ûȰ˵
ҿ¯񵤣Ҷ޼ҡҡͷ
޼мɰƳ񵤣ʼʵ
ɰգ
ĵҩӵж֮Ҷ޼裬Ҳûжٰա
ɣ
ʼüͷ΢΢һ壬ʮ񵤶Ҷ޼壬һʧܣǺ̫ˡ
ΪҺ춷һҶ޼͸¶˭İϥڰУʼϢΪƶ׼


2139 Ϯ
ʱһš
ʱϢҶ޼״̬ѡ
ǬҶȴٳδͻƵԲ
ˣҪʼˣػͽˣ
Ҷ޼һ¯ԣĴһ¯¯ǡ
ʮԴڣ
¯Ҷ޼˫ֿٵŤ˲һӵӡǿгȡʮԴ뵽¯С
ˣ
ʮԴ¯У¯һص
ʮԴ˴˼䲢ݣͬʱ¯ڣ˴˼Գ
ڣ
ʮԴҶԳʱҶ޼ڽ¯УǿѹʮԴ
ħ֮Դ֮Դ֮Դ飡
ǿѹʮԴʱҶ޼¯ͷųǿĳȡʼħеԴ¯бԴŨȡ
¯бԴﵽֲĳ̶ʱҶ޼ٻǧȫͶ뵽¯С
ôҪ˵ܶҶû
һΪ֮׷ҡҡͷɵøп
޼Ϊ˴ȫǧ˼ѪһԽӻϣܳɹҪѪ֮
𣡡
¯ںǧҶ޼ȼͷų嫵Ѫ֮ڽ¯У¯
ʯѹ
¯е̫̺̫࣬Ӵ󣬽Ҷ޼ٻڽʯѹ¯ϣ¯ǳܲסֱըɡ
һ׼Ҷ޼ʼһµƣٿȵ¯𣬿ʼʣıԴһᴿС
Ҷ޼ʼˣʲôʱ֣
ͨʼħеİ֣ħһֱ۲Ҷ޼һһʼƶ񵤣ħѯɫ̫졣
ڻǶֵʱ򣬵Ҷ޼ʱڶҲ٣̫ҡҡͷŵ˵ܵϴʱʱǸʱѣ
ãǾĵȴһʱ䣡ħ˵ͷ̫죬֪ʹ˵ӡ֮𣿡
İɣʹƺһУҶ޼ͨ쳹صı£ҲƳɶ񵤣̫΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݣħ񣬾ħ񳹵׷
Ҷ޼ǸҵţģһȫңڵڣħҧгݵĬ
һҩֲ̺Ҷ޼У˴󣬲ϵӰ
Ҷ޼ļ㣬ԲϳֵȻ壬ϵشһӵӡȫĿȵ¯ᴿԴ
أᴿ뾫ıԴںһ𣬻һεξҺƯ¯С
ʱ䣬Ҷ޼ǧȫᴿӴıԴҺС

ȻᴿɹҶ޼ɫȴ԰һ֣Ҳóء
㣬˵޼ܳɹ𣿡
ĴҶ޼֮΢΢Щŵʵ
޼һܳɹץ֮ϸС֣ն˵
򵥻ָһ£Ҷ޼˫ˮϵ۳һµƣӡ¯Уȫ¯е¯𣬿ʼҪ̡
񣡡
Ҷ޼¯ʱһſȭͷСɢɫâֳҶ޼壬£ϵر˴ɫĩڽҶ޼ݻУһ¯С
޼Ȼҵô񣡡
ѵĸϣɴĳɹʣΪϡ٣ÿһļֵдԣλʦóҪһ񣬶δܳɹ
ǵǿչ·еõģ͵
ں˴ĩ΢΢Щ궯¯Ҷ޼ѹûмᣬϧĿ̻ƣŶ񵤡
أʱȥһʱ䡣
¡¡䣡
ļҶ޼һʱεɫдƬɫƷӿӳճͷ׵硣
ɫ񵤽٣ԶԶؿͻȻֵɫƣĵȴ̫죬ħ۾¶ŨŨɱ⣺׼£ɫ񵤽ٽʱ֣ɱҶ޼
ã
ħ񣬾ħ˵˵ͷٻǿʱ׼ɱһ
¡¡
ֲɫƾۼҹһǧɺɫ
ǧ񵤽Ƴɫƻ㼯һͷһ¯
񵤽ٽµ˲䣬̫죬ħ񣬾ħ˷׷׽ٶ£˲񷣬糤һ㣬׼񵤽Ҷ޼


2140 
Ǹң
һֱػҶ޼ܵ죬̫һˣ̫죬ħ˳͵Ϯʱŭˣ׷׿Ƹǿӭȥ
䣡
һ춯صıը𣬿ֲؿռȫء
ߣƾҲرʣ
Ͱ£̤۷̫һѿɱ¾ֳۣ֮컯˺һռĵͼȫҶ޼
ħ񣬾ħҲһ̣ս£ֳָǿĹҶ޼

ۿ̫칥Ҷ޼ʼûһ̫ʼӴס̫졣
۷徳̫һҲʩչɱУħ񣬾ħˡ
ɱ¾ۣ֮
⵽̫ʼ̫콫ɱ¾֮۵£ӳ⣬ʼмҵĽ֡
ף㣡
Σʱ̣һ
żƷ񵤵Ҷ磬ڹؼʱ̤뵽Բ뿪Ǭ硣
Բ
оҶ磬аѵľ磬ħɫ΢΢һ䡣
û뵽ڶ̶̵ʱڣҶ˾Ȼͻ˾磬뵽̫ĵƣûϧ۵ĶֶΣҶȫ
̫峤ٶĵƣǵֵסˣ
Ҷ˵Ĺ̫ͣħ˸ֵסòʼս̫졣
ģǱɡ̫¶һ˿ݵЦݣóŰɫ̻ŹϷƵľʯѸˡ
ţŰɫʯֲûһֻɫĴ֣ԼһŰɫ˫УصԴ
֣֮֮­
ͻȻֵĴֺԴɫ䡣
֣ʵҶ磬̫̫֣֮֮࣬­£Ҷ˵ĹƱȫѹơ
򣬽֮ڣ
Žڽڰ˵ˣҶһ˲ں˲ʩչͨȥ

ҶݻͨϮ֮ӭȥ
һȭƬĿռ飬ӿ嫵ȭâ糤һ㣬ݿ˺Ҷʩչͨһȭ˳ȥѪ
磡һ컯˾ħһѱסʧصҶ磬ŵʵӣû°ɡ
û£һս
Ҷһƻ編ѹƣս߰˵
Ϸˣ
̫ͫһ֮­ںһ
һ̣һǳը
֮­һ֮£Ҷ˷׷ˣֲХ˳ȥ
Ҷ޼ĩյˣԹɣ
һҶˣֱ̫Ҷ޼
£Ҷ޼Ȼ֣֮֮­Ҷ޼ƶ񵤣̫֣֮֮­ĳָ˼Σգпʧܡ
Ҷ޼ϣȴһ˿ţ·еһжƿ֮С
죬ҶˣӵҶ޼⴫Ѹٵĳ뵽֮⡣
̫죬ñʼħ嵱ΪʲôҶ޼һɨƣ̬Сסٵϴ̫ˣϵ˵
š
Ҷ޼˫ͻȻߵ죬Ҷˣ̫ͻȻһ˿һ̤վĸо
²ǱǣҶ޼¶˵Цݵδƶ񵤵ҩԲ壬ǵǣټ͵ҲƳĶˡ
ʲô
Ҷ޼Ļ쾪ף̫˶ը죬ĵĲǿҡ
ҪĹһϣһܳô˻̫ɫ˵֣֮֮­Ҷ޼
̫ȫ֮ʣħ񣬾ħҲ׷ʩչɱУҶ޼Ҫһٽش
֣
̫˷ϮҶ޼ĺ֣һʼħľ޴֣ͷų֮ĥһУ̫˵ĹǺ˳ȥ
ôܲ󣡡
̫֪̫һսĥ˴񣬸һܱ
ߣΪǿչ·ǰ׽ģֶΣģҶ޼һĥ̫ˡ

⵽󹥻̫˷˾ƴҪ˺뿪
ֲ̫ˣ̫˵Ĺãϱ
Լʱ䣬һħܲסĹһѪƮɢС
ڣ
Ҷ޼һһžѪڽ¯УŶ񵤵Ʒʡ
ֹһʱ䣬ԲľħҲѪڽ¯С
Уʣ֮­֣̫֮Լħȫ¯ĥ𣬳Ϊ˶񵤵ϡ


2141 
ʹˣ
̤۷徳̫Ҳû뵽֣
еĲͱ𣬶⻯֮­֣֮޷˺󣬸޷̫졣
ը
ԽԽһߵħƷ뱾֮Ѫǿ飬Ҫըһȱ뿪
ըֲȴ޷˺
ʧȥıҲħˡ
أ
ԽԽصħ񱬿壬һѪͬΪ˶񵤵ϡ
ںħ񣬾ħˣ¯еĶг˵ڰ˵ƣֻƻǳճͻҪںϴС
Ҷ޼Һƴˣ
۷徳ħ̫¶˾֮ɫ֮­֮ںһҶ޼Ĺ
ôڣ㻹Ҷ޼ɫ˵󲻶ϵغ̫Ĺһơ
Ҷ޼ȫɱ̫Լ͵⻯ʱСǿиĵŭˣϵس鶯ɫƵĺСҪС񵤡
˵ܳɹ𣿡
ԽԽǿĵ٣Ҷ粻ɵΪҶ޼һѺŵʵ
İɣһж㸸׼ƻУģ¶Цݣοȴɡ
Ͼ񵤶Ҷ޼˵̫ҪһʧܣҲζʧȥʸ
Ҷ磬˰ΪҶ޼ʱɱĵͻȻСһ󣬿ֲҵĲ
֣֮֮­ȼգ
оͻȻ̫֪ԼĻˣԥȼ͵⻯ս£Ҷ޼Ĺ
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ô
̫û뵽Ҷ޼Ƶ˾ϸȫԼڹ֮С
֣֮֮­ұ
һڵٹ£ʱ̫첻ϧ۵ֺ֮֮­Ҷ޼Ĺ
֣֮֮­ը˲䣬СԴ׹ݺݵغ֮ϣֱӽɿֲıը֮ѹˡ
̫죬ʲôֶһʹɣȻûлˣҶ޼ɫ԰ףʧ̫죬Ե˵
ɱ¾ۣ֮컯𣡡
⻯Сǿѹ̫ȼǿı֮Ѫ̶ĹƴĹҶ޼
Ȼ̤۷壬Ҷ޼ȣʵ̫Զ̫Զӵɱ¾ۣ֮컯Ҳ޷ֲʵϵĲࡣ
Ҷ޼һĶãʯʩչ޵ͨ׵ֵסɱ¾֮ۺ컯Ĺ
̫칥ƣ֮ݿ˺̫̫ơ
ʱ֮СӲ飬һҲڵϴ£ȫɢ
Сѹ٣
ۿƿֲĵٺ¯ϣҶ޼Сٴѹ٣ŵٵ
̫죬ñµɣ
̫ĹҶ޼ûԥĹ̫죬ϵǿħ֮
󹥻֮ʣҶ޼ҲʩչͨĹ
Ҷ޼˫ع£̫ԽԽأղУǿѪ
¯ڣ
̫죬Ҷ¯ͷųǿʵŨѪɣڽ˶С
ں̫컯ɵѪеĵڰ˵ڳΡ
֮
Ҷ˫ֿٵŤҵתе֮γ˴Һ壬ڽ¯С
͵г˵ھŵƣ̫ǳ޷۳͡
٣
Ҷ޼һĵ٣֮һƣڽ¯Уھŵơ
һŵƣƶ񵤾ͲԶˡ
ʱһȥ
񵤵ĵֲ̫һ£ûɢĻᡣ
£ٲ޷񵤣Ϊ˶񵤵ϡ
ںһµٵеھŵڳˡ
ңյĽҲɢ
޸֮ˮˮڣ
ɾŵƣҶ޼ٻˮ¯УһŶ񵤵ĳɵٶȡ
أ
ֹ˴Լʮʱ䣬ͷðſź飬ɫ԰׵Ҷ޼ͻȻ̵¯ӡ˾žŰʮһơ
ţ޴Ļ忪¯ǣѹ¯ǣѺ۵ʯˡ
һ̣һɫ񵤣̵ĺգֱʣӳϼ⡣
ڳˣ
ƯڰУ컯ﵽ漫µĶ񵤣Ҷ磬˲ɵ¶ŨŨļ֮ɫ
ӵŶ񵤣ζҶ޼мϣ̤ʱС֮ȫԿ͡


2142 ֮
ϲ޼ԸԳƳ񵤣
ʼ֮˷׷ǰɫ԰ףϲɫҶ޼ߣϲ
ȻɹƳ񵤣ʼ֪ŵҩѶȣûҶ޼ľƣ󣬻̫죬ħ񣬾ħˣУȫ񵤵ĵƣҶ޼ҲƳ񵤡
߰ɣ뿪ħ磬ʥأ
ԸƳƷ񵤣컯񵤣񵤣Ҷ޼ûħôصʥС
˻ʰܱҶ޼˳Ϊµ䣬ǵĵûʥصų⣬ܵ˼ػӭ
޼ƣҪò̤ʼʵ
šڰٱʱУӦÿ̤ʱܳأҲ޷֤ͳʱͻҶ޼һ˵
޼ƿصֿܵ𣿡̫һ˼һ£ʵ
Ҷ޼ͬһսϣһپ٣һ
ţͻȫԵֵͣǣҪ۷ܣܷǿֿͣҶ޼˼һ£˵
۷壡
Ҷ޼Ļ˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ֻ̫һʼ۷ܣ죬׷֮񣬷Ȼϣڶʱڣ컯̤۷壬ǻˡ
Ͳ۷˵ֲĴڣҪ۷ܰæ췽ҹ̷
֪һ۷ܣ𣡡һֱĬͻȻ˵
˭
䣬˵ˢˢͶ
ŵۣ
ŵۣͽţبţ˵ɫ˲
ŵųһţۣŵλʧܺ󣬾ͱ壬Ȼ󲨡
˵ŵ۲ѱ䣬֣ȫл͡
ţŵʦ֮ѱ壬Ϊ˵ͷ
׷棬ô
飬بûţǽĿͶ˱ϵ׷ѯ
ŵۿϳϷԭ׷֪屻ŵ۵Ĺϵ󣬶ҷǳʱڣŵۿϰæǻ͵ļʽ
ףҺȥŵۣʥȴҶ翴׷ûʵ
ãŵ۵ͽˣʵڲԸæҲǿ󣡡
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ãףҶ˵ͷŵʲôط
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֮ǣߡҶ޼֮ǣ֪֮λԵκһ壬ߣеľʮֵĻҺ͸ӡ
дԣ֮ǵĳһλԲܣ˷壬ħ嶼Ըǡ
ãھȥ֮ǣ꣬һ
ʱҶûеʱ䣬׼ǰ֮ǡ
ǰ֮ʱҶѣ飬بŵˣʥأԷ͵ĳ֡

֮ǣصһǳأռżκϽ
ҶԦۣͼָ£¸·֮⣬˱ǿ֣֮ǡ
ǿ󷨽ƣ
Ҷǿ󷨽ƣ֮⣬ȴ֣֮ǵ󷨽ƺֲܿʼħĻ
֮һֱûбƣԭģҶһƷʥ˳Ⱥ߽֮С
߽֮ǣҶüͷ΢΢һ£󷨽Ƹ£֪ơ
ԭ֮𣿡Ҷ翴ȫںɫУ¶һ˫˫񣬴ʵ
ûУԭû֮ǣҡҡͷĮ˵
ôȷŵ֮ǣҶüͷ΢΢һ
ҺʦֿʱʦңպΣգ֮֮ʮֻңʺأҿ϶ʦһ֮У͵
ϣɣҶ̾Ϣһ
Ȼ϶ҶвûеףϾôȥˣʲô¶ܷ
ʲô취ҵʦҶʵ
İҶ٣һ֮ӡǣʦоһң
Ǿͺã֪ϵŵ۵ķҶ˵ͷ߰ɣҸطš
̫֮ţɫһ֮⸡ֳ֣֮ǸӵƯ
ҹ֮ǱȰӵ֣ӵ
ɴԸУһЩСеʥŮŮӣڽֵϣŪɧ˵飬ȥ¥ѾԻ
впͣһװݻĶĳһǧ
֮ǣһĵط
ǰһĻĻҶ粻ɵҡҡͷп˵УѰ֮


2143 Ҷ磬
λҪҪ
Ҷ;һװݻ¥ʱһͿױɫɴȹĽ֣ɢŵŮӣͻȻסҶˣĵ˵
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ۣոŮˣĮҶ߻ơ
ǰôۣһЩеУʥŮһȴֻܿòԷ治֪ͼʲôҶҡҡͷ
Ҷ٣˶̤۷ľģ񻺻˵֮ٶô죬ӦԼӶõԴ
Ҷһ˵һߣţҶüͷ΢΢һ£һ̻Ի͵¥¥ݺݺഩȺУЦһʮֵ֡
ôҶ٣
ͻȻͣ½Ų¥Ҷ磬һʵ
ߣǽȥ䣡
ҶͷǿӦһ£¶˵Цݣ߽˵ƻͨŮƣ֬¥С
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ûУ
Ҷ翴һ΢΢֮ҡҡͷ
¥ǧ˰ĵĹ֪λϲʲôҶȲǸĪ⣬ϵЦݸŨˣĽܵ
ģԽԽã
Ҷ罫ĿͶ㡣޵Ĵ˵

ӣ㲻ڿЦɣǵһμϲġ
ڿЦҶóʮżƷʥӸٸҼԽԽá
ǣ͸Ӱţ
һҶӣ̾ϢһĿζҶһŵż䣬¥
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¥Щ꣬Ϊòܾ裬ǵһ˿佱Ư
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Ҷ翴һɫȹϳƤڣһ۴һС͹Ůʱ˫â·һֻǿ˿ɿڵСӡ
ޱȵŮӣҶʱһ£С۾Ҳ͸˼֮ɫ
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ȵȣҼסģҶóżֵߵѪӸ
Ҷ٣Уҡҡͷ
û£ҲܾûŮ˰ɣú÷£ҶЦЦ˵
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뿪ƶҶŵ᷿в˸ƣޱȵŮӣЦ˵
ôҵҵģŮӵۿʪˣóһƿҩͿĨϡ
ʱ췭ظı仯ϵĸ񲻼ˣòҲ˼תĿΣһһЦ֮¶һ˵ķϡ
ʱһ京ŵõ廨ǧģ޾ס
죬ôܵģ
ƯףҶ粻ɵ¶˵Цݣ˵
û뵽һֱδڶ½죬Ȼܵ硣
ȸңôҵģ
ֱؿҶ磬סĵļ
ǡ·֮ǣоϢҶ죬߰ɡ
ߣֲŮˣΪʲôҪߡ컺ߵҶߣ˵
ߣ۸㣡ҶԼߣֲʧ
ߣô˭۸ң΢΢̣ǿ˵
㻹ôӲҶҡҡͷˣ㵽ôġ
Ǳʦģ뵽УԼ͵͵򣬵Լڶʦ֮ǣʦɱľ˳
ʲôɱʦ֪ʦѾʣҶüͷ΢΢һ
ʦǱɱģ뵽Լʦĳˣͺ޵ֱһֱ֮ǣΪʦ𣬵ûкõԴٶһֱ
죬ʦĳҸ㱨Ҷ֪޿Щܾίгϧ
ۿһ澳ܣ²Ķ֣첢֪Ҷʵ˵
һ澳ܶѣɱҲɱҶ΢΢̣¶һ˿°Цݡ
ҶˣðţˣգŴ۾Ҷ磬˵˵á
Ҷ磺


2144 гŵ
죬ĲǴţ
Ҷ翴Ц绨һŵ죬һͷߵ˵
ˣ˵ˣЦЦ˵磬ǵõ֮Լ𣿡
ʲôԼĿ룬Ķ˵죬Ҷһ
˵ˣұҰӸ㣡ڣǲӦʲôҧź촽ؿҶ磬˵ıǷǡ
ˣֻһЦص棡Ҷ簴סģ
磬ңҳòƯǰ˴գ·ҶϸϸԼ
ǣ
Ҷ粻òϣƯˣһ˼Ƿǵľȡ
ǲǺҲ㣿ջ˵֪кܶŮˣҲںֻҵĳŵѣ㲻Ҫ롣
˵ţץסҶĴ֣Լͦε˫¡
һ̣߰ҶĲӣȥ
һȼҶģܿ죬һ
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콿һЦͻȻԴԡͰС
һ̣ҶֻһŻסԼƮƮɣ鲻Խı۾
˴ԡͰϣĲ࣬źһдŶĽġ
ͻƵԲҶϲ˴ҩЩҩѣƵ˵ãֻǵ𾳽˵ȷǴ֮
Ҷڴľ緢ʱľƿͻȻɶˣҩ˲Ϣ֮ľƿͻƵǵ𾳽硣
ͻˣҾȻͻˣ
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ҴӲƭˣҵŮˣҶ֤
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Ҷ£漣ͻƵǵ𿴿ͻƣƤӵỬϸ壬Ҳ΢΢ű仯øջ󣬸ӵˡ
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룬Ҷ죬һҹϣȻϢ뿪¥
Ҷߵ죬۾ɵһΪˣûжʣظҶ
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Ҷûٵʱ䣬ϵŵ۵ӡǣ֮Ѱ֮ء
Ȼ֮ǵĸۡˣڲƴֵҶ˵ȴʲôܿ죬ҶһλþѣںߵĸۡȴϢ
죬ҪҪȥ壬ʦ𣡡Ҷʵ
ҪģҪɱǸħҡҡͷᶨ˵
ǺãҾ취ʱһǵ澳磡
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ʱţܿ죬ʱȥˡ
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¥֮ʮĽ񶫳ǣ¥޽ٰ䣬̾Ϊֹ
ʱ֣Ҷ罫˺ϸۡػȫǵ񾳽죬һǰ¥󣬲μ˽ᡣ
ȵȸ£뺯𣿡
Ҷ̤Ϧ¥ʱŵס
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ҶͷŵĿֲϢѣ˫ȸǲϵزðŲ壬ɱ˫ֵҶ߽¥С
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ӣ費Ҫ㣡ŮӺؿҶӣ
ˣϲһˣҶҡҡͷίľܾŮʧĿע£˿λ̫ʦϡ
Ҷĵʱ˵ע⣬ǿҶλãһЩ˵Ĳ
׽˵Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬һɳϢɢˣԵƥƶʱȫ˴󾪡
ͷˣҶ۾ȴ˽˽׻Ὺʼ


2145 
ʱƣ¥󶥲ˣΪҶոյ壬ûһ˸˿þη
Լʱһɫۣߣ§һӽСĻ𱬣˫֮ŮӳˣǴ˴˽˽׻ټˡ
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Ű֣߳վк˽˽׻ҲΪĳ֣ʽʼ
Ϸש񣬿λжϷȤ𣿡
˵ţóһƷԼһ
ƷϷżȻõģп̻ʮֵ̺׷һɶõöǲԵֵ澳ȫһ߻ؽܵ
ŰóҶʱʧȥȤȴвٸո̤澳ĴܲŨȤ׷óҪӰƷԼ
һȽϣƷ׵һƷʲѪݣû׵һƷ浤
֮ߵĽСŮӣóһɢǿǹӡ
飡
ŽСŮеӣҶ۾ʱ
Ȼʵ޷ʵȷǾѵ֮
ҶͻƵԲҶ޼컯񵤣ʱҲ޷̤۷壬Ҫսֻ磬޾ת䡣
ǰʱҶתԲٽһ徳˵ʮֵҪӵ飬̤徳һս
ᣬҪʲô
Ҷ磬кܶ˶ŨȤ׷׿ʼۡ
Ʒ浤ỷһˣ΢΢ſ촽
Ʒ浤
ᱨۣ˳Ĭˡ
Ʒ浤֮ǼΪһƿڴ۷澳У硣
Ʒ浤澳ܵʮش󣬺ԸüƷ浤һ
żƷ浤飡
뵽ž֮ʱҶһƮɢŵ裬ڱ۵
żƷ浤
ҶıۣĵĴ۾ʱҶ磬оžŵƵļƷ浤
ãҺ㻻ˣ
֣ᷢҶеļƷ浤ƷʼߣʱĻŭţԥ˽ס
㻹УԸͬļֵ㽻Ҷ翴Ц绨ᣬ˵
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Ҷϴر⣬дƷ浤Ʒ浤˵ѾãȻϣһЩмֵı
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ȻҶżƷ̤Բڲ˴ĵҲٳٲҷ컯񵤵ԭ
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ݣҶ΢΢Щ죬̧ͷһ绨ˮᡣ
СֵܣûƭɣӭҶЦŨŷΡΡ·ʱܱĳ·
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ȻῪļ۸񼫸ߣҶ绹ǺԥӦóʮżƷ浤Լһɱħ澳ܣõļƷ漼н˫ͨ
ҶĴֱʣ˿ûȣҲ۾͸˺֮ɫɱԽ֮ġ
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˵ţҶǬóһų߾Ŵ糤ǹͷһֻߣǹ̻ŹƵĳǹһ񻭵ŵФͼ
оƷǹĿͶŵФͼҪϳΪҶṩмֵϢõƷǹ


2146 ջ
֪λм˵𣿡
Ҷ绷ܣ׽˵Ҫͨ񣬻֪мֵϢ
Сֵܣûмҿ԰ѰңֻҪ֮ǣһ㽫ҳؼסŵ۵Фͼ˵
ãҶ˵ͷԼסˣ˭ҵˣƷǹ
Сֵܣˣ㻹׼ʲô߱Ҷıʵ
ûˣҶҡҡͷλкöһóнס
Ǻðɣһ
ҶֻΪˣ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫδн׵澳˼ȴ׷óԼصıҪҶע
Բ磬Ҷ۽缫ߣһı޷ע⡣
һŹŹҴһַзֵģشڽҪżƷ浤һƷ
ֵһĩβˮɫۣüëŨڵʱǬָóһīɫʮֳصĹ
ţǡ
еīɫҶ۾һǿ͸˹ȥ̽Źʵ
һδݣҶڹиоһıԴ
ʲôȻ뻻Ʒ浤ͼƷ澳ûзŹر֮ʵ
Ҳ֪Ϊ˵õ񣬾һҿԿ϶򵥣ҡҡͷ
֪͸Ҫôߵļֵҿˣ䳰ȷ
һˣ
ӿǣҪҪͽ׼ֵʱҶͻȻ˵óһƷżƷ浤Ӽ͵Ŀע£׵еīɫ
ʲôرģ
ߵ˿Ҷ羹Ȼôֵ׵īɫ񣬶ʱо񲻼򵥡
֪Ҷҡҡͷ˵
ˣʱˣˣ˭ܰҵˣ⼫Ʒǹˣ
õĹҶûڶȥ׼뿪
СֵܣҵסҲ˫ͨң㱣֤ɣҶҪߣָһһöҶ硣
ţ
Ҷ˵ͷûκԥ뿪¥
λ˭֪ݡҶ뿪ʱ˷׷״ݣܶ˴ġ
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Ҷ٣ˡһֱΪ커񣬿Ҷӭ֪˽˽׻ϣʦϢ𣿡
ûУЩ˶ûмʦҶҡҡͷȴӴ˴ᣬõ˲ٺö
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СƷ浤ӦͻƵǵ񾳽磬ͻʱͻȻضأյ¹һ񣡡񻺻˵СԼˣ˾
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˵꣬ҶԷУɫ԰ףûһ˿Ѫɫ죬ӣڴϡ
ʹģҶץͷǿ͸壬ΪӣƳضء
ţ֣޶Ҷͷ壬ȴûжأҶüͷԽԽ
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˼һᣬҶԼݣϸϸΪӡ
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춾壬쾹Ȼǰѵһ춾壡
֮ʮǿƵ壬ƵͻƾٶԶˣҶû뵽ǣ쾹ȻҲ֮塣
Һ˫ޣڵ뵽У֪ܼܲ춾壡
Ҷڵĵ˭ڣͷ춾壬һֱӵĸо
Լʱ䡣
Ҷι飬ڳ˯ڴľҲ޸£ٵظԭ
磬ǲǺûã
ͻƶǵ񾳽ʧܣ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ͻʧܣ츳㣬ΪʵԭûиоӦѵһ춾壡Ҷҡҡͷ״
ģʣɴ˫ۣϲʵ
ʵǿӵ춾壬Ϊʦϣ
ţҲоģҶ˵ͷ˵ӹɵ˵һ취Լ춾壬֪ԸⳢ𣿡
ʲô취ץҶĸ첲
˫֮Ҷ罫õ˫֮ͨ¸졣
ǻʲôǸϿɣȲ˵磬һʱҪϧңһҪ춾塣

£Ҷܿ˫ͨ䴫ڸ졣
Ҷң˫塣
ܿ죬һ
һŹ֣ѶȼƣҶһһʵ۷塣


2147 ΪΪʳ
춾壬
˲֪ƣҹڣں˴죬춾壬˳ͻƵ˶ǵ񾳽硣
ͻƣƤ쵹ҶĻУƣ۾г˼
죬úϢȥо¸ոյõǿ񣡡
ҶһĶͷʮΪǺ˱ӣ·˴ߣǿڽصīɫ˳
зӡĵʲôԴ
ҶͷųǿһŹ񣬲鿴ʵ
һѵѺӵʱһǿԴ֮ڹ
⣬ǡ֮Դ
оĺ嫱ԴҶüͷһƣ¶˲˼֮ɫ
屻Ѿ֮Դû뵽Լһöз֮Դ
ҾҶӦöشڽĹУ̺֮Դ٣壬㹻תһ徳
֪徳ҵս٣
ȻҶ罫󲿷ֵ뵽У֪ԼҪʱ̤۷弸ܣԼҪսֻת䡣
һЩʱ䣬Ƚ徳ɣ
֮Ҷ뵽ǬУóһ飬ʮʱת䣬ɱ
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Ǭһ죬Źȥ졣
ҶԼĴɹһ죬ﵽʮڽ
Ҷ׼飬ʱ֪һ뿪Ǭ硣
Ҷ٣㣡
ãҶ翴һͷѩף΢΢ЩͣƴȱĿڵȴԼ
ʲô£Ҷ翴һϳμ˽˽׻ᣬµͼ֪ʵ
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ãҸȥҶ˵ͷ߰ɡ
ţ
Ҷ˵Լ׷ǵ˫бâһͷȣҶ뿪˺ϸۡǰ֮ǵĽ⡣
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ˣ׷ҪҵǸˣĵطȽƫƧΪҵ˲
ţֻҪܰҵˣǼƷˣҶ˵ͷ˵ԷſŲİ׷˽⣬һһ㣬Ⱥɽ¡
ȺɽɽŴҶ翴һڹľ䣬ʢҰСԺƮڿС
ˣҪҵ˾СԺУ׷ָǰСԺ˵
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ȻԺнƣҶεȵǿ͸Ժнƣڰ澳ܡ
Ҷɫ䣬ҲûнҴŰ׷СԺ⡣
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㡭ôˣ߿һ۰׷ŭ
ǰҪһѰ㣬ҽˣǰʶ𣿡׷͵
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Ŀһ˰׷󣬷ɫۡò㣬ͦɵҶ磬üͷ΢΢һ塣
߰ɣǽȥ˵Ҷ΢΢һЦ
ðɣǶɣ߹ԥһ£ת߽СԺС
Ҷ磬׷߽СԺʱԺеĽˣֱӽռ䡣
СϷʲô
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һٵģ֪ôˣҶ΢΢̣ɱȻ˵
С⻰ʲô˼۽Ǽ΢΢һ£򶨵˵
׷ɫȴ˱仯ػʱ׼Ҷ緢һ
ϷݵĲܿϧǲӦƭңҶ絭˵Ҫزˣɡ
˼û뵽¾Ȼǵļƻ
оҶϢԼڰ澳ܺ澳˳ֱӽҶסˡ
˵ҹ𣿡ҶЦЦ˵
СӣҪŪˣԹԽϵıҲãһɫۣŹŹͼڣֱһͷ澳ܶݺݵ˵
澳ѣҲҶô˵ҶͫһһǿϢбɽһ㣬ѹ澳ܡ
ͻƵԲҶϢεȵǿ󣬲Ҫ˵澳ܣ¼񶼵ֵס
ǣ
һëȻĹͷ
ոջŲѵ澳ܣֱӱҶͷŵѹȫĹͷһ⣬̱˵ϡ
ʲô
ĿҶ絥ƾƣѹһ澳ܣڳȫˣ¶˿־֮ɫ
ǰǰ֪ˣ
ʱ׷ʮֿ϶Ҷŵ÷׷׹ڵġ
ΪΪʳҪϴҵһ̣Ӧ뵽֣ҶĮ˵ɿ˰׷ˣԶǽѻꡣ
ѻ֮Ҷ֪֮ʮǰһʵͨĴŵۡ
ϣ±ӣܲ۾ˣЩǲ𣡡
Ҷɨһ̱ڵϣĵļˣͷ˰׷˵壬͸Ժнƣ澳ܻɱص˺ϸۡ


2148 ˵ֶ
ôҶ٣֪мֵϢ𣿡
ػںϸۡ񣬿Ҷܿǰѯʵ
ʦʮǰȷʵ֮ǣǲ֪Ƿ֮ǣҶ绺˵
ô죿µӡϵʦüͷšһ
Ҫõ㼫˵ֶˣҶ۾͸һ˿֮ɫ
ʲôֶΣһ
֮Ǵңʦע⣬ֻҪʦע֮Ǵңһܷ
Ȼ֮ǿ󷨽£ŵͷ̽ҶԼһܸоĴڡ
񣬱죬Ҫκ˺ʣµľͽˣҶ˵Ҫ֮Ƹ췭ظ
绨ѩ¥֮¥иŮӣҲдϺƼȣ֮Ƕϲĵط
ʸ绨ѩ¥ģ۲ƣҪһݣûʸ绨ѩ¥
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ԶԶȥ绨ѩ¥⣬վɫۣķ飬˫ȻԲŮӡ
ÿÿп߽绨ѩ¥ЩŮӶ
֮ʣǺɫοմǡô¶һɫ䣬
Ŷʯ̵С·ҶͥŲ绨ѩ¥ȥܵͷŵĻ֮Ӱ죬ûһǰɵ߽˷绨ѩ¥С
߽绨ѩ¥ӡҶһ޴ȪȪܣʢһټ黨ʢĻĿ
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ֱ˫ȣ⻬ĺ󱳣ϸӨ͸ɢ˵·˵Ŀ鲻Խ˹ȥ׽ȵŮŤĸ޲ý˵Ļ깴ߡ
λӣǲǵһǷ绨ѩ¥
Ҷͷǿ绨ѩ¥ʱһɫźۣ¶ԸǺͰɫͿױֵŮӣҡҷԸе֫ŵ˹΢΢ſ˵ĺ촽
ҰһѵλãҪѩС㵯٣ҶƴֵóһٿżƷʥ˷ŮУɫ°˵
ѩǷ绨ѩ¥ĻƯ֮߳ǳ˺ܶ࣬ʸȴָ
Ҷѩ¸Ȥ̰ͼò֮ǳĶذѩ¹ϵǳذ򽣾绨ѩ¥ѩ˵ѩʵذ򽣵ˡ
ӣ㿴ط㻹𣿡
ŮӸҶ簲һλã¶Ц
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⡭
ŮӱܾҶгһͨѪɫֵߵѪ۾ʱˡ
õģǹӵˣŮѪȡһصƣΪҶ絹ƣɫĵҶ
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Ҷһһ߰ѩʱһŽɫڣٸ㣬澳Ҷע⣬ͨԻҶ϶֮ǳĶذ򽣡
ذ򽣶һɫ΢΢Щ԰ףȲͷϳƬ۾вʱ͸ź֮ɫ澳ӣͨ˵ĶԻҶ֪˾ĳۡ
ѩ¹Ȼѵһ˶֣Ҷ¶˵Цݵ֪Ҫʥܺһҹ
˵ЦˣѩֻղŮһ͵
ղֻ˵벻ҶһƵʮƷʥ֪𣿡
⡭Ůüͷһƣû뵽Ҷ˵ĺˬ뵽ѩºذ򽣵ĹϵЩΪѡ
ƷʥҰһҹҶУɫľƱƴֵ˵
ƷʥŮӵһ
³֮ʮƷʥŷŮĶҡҶȴ˵
ãҾţѩЩ⣬۳ɰ񣬹Ӷ뱣ܣŮҧһ˵ĺ촽
ȻԣҶЦЦ˵£ûԸ
˵ţҶóһöװƷʥǬָݸ˷Ůӡ
ллӣҹһѩ͵㴲ϣ
֪ǬָмƷʥŮĻŭţһҶգŵ
ҰɣҹҪ֮Ǵң
ŷŮȥıӰҶɨһʮذ򽣺ۣĬ


2149 
ӣһжźˣ
ҶһߺȾƣһ٣ȴ˴Լһʱ䣬ŮҡҷԸе֫ˣװݻǽǶʯɫѩԷС
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ˣҵѩ¼ɣ
ҶӭŷŮӵ˫˵
˵˵ţһ֮͸Ҷ˫ע뵽˷Ů˫У˲Ĵʶ
Ҷ׼죬ѩ´һҹɢȥӶŭذ򽣵ˣǳ֣ٽ֮Ǵҡ
ȻôЩ鷳ȴȫģΪҶֳе֮ǵľ޴ͼΪһ壬һвҪԳ˶֣ȫ
ŮȥҶһߺȾƣһߵȴ
Լһʱ󣬽յűƿˣɫźۣȵ˹յĻ欣Ϳױˣ߼䣬˫Ȳʱ¶˷ѩѩԷ
ŶҶ磬ѩ·еı٣ҶһЦĵ˵ôһ˶ûҸ㣿
רΪȻҪһЩҶ翴ѩ¾µЦ˵
ô˵¶ңѩ»ҶǰᲦŪһ´ǰĳ˰ɣ¶ˮźԡһ¡

Ҷ˵ȴһѽѩ§˻Уǵѩ·һ󽿺ɫޡ
ѩºؿҶ磬ȴһʱĽƱ˺ˣ˽
˭Ϊδˣ
Ҷ§ѩӣŷŭذ򽣵ˣ֪ʵ
ģӣ㲻˵岻ȴӿͣӽ㣡
Ŷǵģŭذ򽣣ŭһɱڡ
򽣣ҽͣ
ѩû뵽Ӧ뿪ذ򽣾Ȼŵûʧɫϵ˵ʡ
ͣΪʲôҪͣҶЦһлŮ֮һǮҹҵˡ

ذŭһһޱȣﵽƷȼĳƳ壬̶ĽնҶ硣
ߣƷҲң
Ҷһһָȥһָ˼Ʒ潣Ľϡ
ˣ
ҶһָƷ潣ҵĲ潣еǱҶһָϣüƷ潣ۿۡ
ذϹӣ˲򵥣һҪСģ
ĿҶһָ˼Ʒ潣һĻɫ΢΢һ䣬˵
ʲô֮ǣذϼףذ򽣿˵ٻһƷ潣Ҷ硣
ˣԹȥϵңҽǣٴһҹ
Ҷ΢΢һЦʧɫѩӵĺ촲ϣԵƥĺȭӭδļƷ潣
ȻҶһһɵҲǼƷ潣ܳš
⵽ҶȭƷ潣˳ȥһɼѺڽӡ
һ̣Ҷ澳ذǰƣݺݵسϣһƽ˳ȥصԶǽϣޱȼӲǽ˵Ѻۡ
һƳذ򽣣Ҷ˫Ŀס۵Ĳӣ˲߸ߵþ˰С
ҪɱңɱңҸһŹģû뵽⵽֣֮Բеĵˣˣ壬Ҷʩѹ
ģҲɱ㣡类ԤˡҶ¶һ˿ЦݣۣսǬУ̤ųصĲһذ򽣡
ɱ㣡
ذ˲ȼǿѪ֮ںƣս£ٻƷ潣նҶ硣
Ʒ潣ն籡ͣ壬˲ûһֻ֣һץסնƷ
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ʲô˲ҪҪǣٲ㽫̫Ҷ絭˵
㡭㵽Ҫʲôذ򽣲ɵϣ˶ɡ
ķϻ̫ˣ
Ҷһذǰͷǿɿذ򽣡
꣡
ҶһŲ£ֱӲذ򽣵Ľף޴ʹɱİ绨ѩ¥
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Ҷͫһһǿ緢γ˿ӿݺݵغһ绨ѩ¥ϣֱӽ˳ȥ
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ΪذûޣҶûкɱ֣һ˫֣ȴϹ


2150 һսǣϣ
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˵֮ʣɿֲϢ֣Լٶ绨ѩ¥
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֪ûм֮ǣթذϼ壬Զˣ
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2151 һսǣ£
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ĿǰһĻΧ۵˴۾Ҷ
Сҷ㣡
Ϊ֮ǵˣذܹȴ裬Ҷ˾ٱɱܣŭһȼǿѪһɱҶ硣
ЯɱҶʱҶһξֹ˿ռ䣬ǿн˰С
ţҶƣֺݺݵسذϣһƳ˳ȥѪܿƵ˳˳
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֪ذϼӦûŰ򣡡
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һ¥ӡ˭ֻҪó֮Ҿͽӡ
ӡӡҶû뿪վУ֮ǣŰ˵

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ҶҪȻذϼ֮֮һƬȻ


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Ȼְɣȭ޷㣬䣡Ҷ˵

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Ҷһ仰ˣҶƻ£֮ǺŴ壬µ帮һ
Ҷûɱ޹̤帮ۡ屦⣬˫˫ʧںҹС


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ҶڷУͨڲĵʱ֮ȴΪҶ磬뵽С
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2154 ˻Ҹ
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2155 
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뿪ҶٻϹ죬䣬˻Բѣ˵磬ֱ˺ϵ·¶Ƥûһ˿覴õӡ
ų֮ʮ֮һòĸѣԸеǣͦε˫壬ϸ޳ֱ˫ڵƹ£ɢ˵˲乴˻ǡ
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2156 ŵ
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ڶһ磬Ҷ罫е촫͵ǬУǰϳǻ
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Ҷ翴һ۳ֳе粻ͬȫβòģһҳ㡣
һͣܵһ㣬˵Ŀģȥŵ۴Ǭָȡһû㹳ͣҶ
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ʧܣҶҲżһֱĬĬصȴᣬڣ֮סֻʱͻȻֹʱ䣬Ӱŵ۵
Ȼŵ۵ʵ˲Ϣ֮Ƶ˾ֹʱ䣬Ҷȴת˲ŵĻᣬһ㡣
㱻ڰŤһ˵壬һҶգ˳Уˮ


2157 ȥɱ
ǰ㲻ɹ
ҶŤͷŵۣ˵
һ꣬ƿʱ侲ֹԲ磬ʲôʱţ
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ţҺǶԿͣҶ˵ͷ֪ǰΣ
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Һʵȷʵ͵Ķ֣ѾܶԿ͵Ҷ˵ǿչ·ϾҪ֣ѵǰȥǿչ·Ļᡣ
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2158 ɱɱ
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ͻȻֵҶ磬ذֹͣ˹ĿɭȻ
ȥҸң
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ץҶĸ첲ĵ˵
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ʱ侲ֹ
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ĿҶһһмԴһĻذˡ
ڰΧ۵ĸҲ¶ŨŨ֮ɫԾҶ羪ʵ
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ǰһĻĴ󶨣ס磬׼Ҷ粢ս
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Сӣ˭챾֮أһذϼĿؿҶ磬ɭȻ˵
˵ţ֮ǵľ޴ͼٰ֣㴹䣬ڽذУٵǵս
գ֮䣬ذϼսﵽԲذҲӵڵսֲϢѹŲ񷣬òԶΧ۵˺ѡ
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ˣҶ΢΢һЦһ磬ҾҪ뿪ˣϣܹ֮ǡ
İҶӣұ֤֮ҵĹ£ĻԻͣ˵ͷ֤
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鸴ӵؿҶ磬ոҶһĻӡԺУ֮ȥ
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˵꣬ҶûҾôǱˣص˺ϸۡٻ˳
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ңȥʦʦ𣡡Ŀ⸴ӵؿҶ磬ҧ촽
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Ҷ̾Ϣһû뵽ĲǶ
ҲܽһУͻ
Ҷѡ̾Ϣһһ뿪˺ϸۡŵۣϣصʥء


2160 ͳ
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Ҷһ˻صʥʱ׷飬بŵ˴ʥ˳
׷գ飬بţǻţ
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ţƽл׷˵ͷŵۣͼǲսΪ屨ɡ
׷գƽ٣Ӧ͵Ŀֲ۵궼Ķ֣ƾ̸ʲôΪ屨𣡡ŵҡҡͷ
ŵۣ֪޼ѾƳ񵤣ڱչأһͻƾ磬ǵȫлΪ屨𣡡׷
񵤣ŵ۾һô˵컯ҲҶ޼Ƶˡ
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ণ
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ڷ۷ʱ׷֮컯񵤣Ҳ˫˫Բ£˿ֲ۷񷣣ޱߵɽн񷣵ϴ
ʥһӳ۷񷣵Ϣһ㴫磬뵽ϲУȴ뵽С
׷֮ҹ۷ϴ񣬼ͻ۷ʱҲ۷񷣡
ȻոոãĵԶԶ׷񣬷Լ֮񷣸ӵĿֲĩһ㡣
ȫɽ٣񷣳۷֮ʣҶ罫֮ǿĸУİȫ֮飬ĸ͵ȼ
Լʱ䣬İȫƿ֮飬ںʱҶ翪ʼռľ֦飬
ʱţһһʱȥˡ
һУ컯񵤣ȺͻƵ۷徳飬بŵ˵ʵҲԵ
ŵ컯裬Լ컯񵤣ϻָ˿յѪǿ꣬ʵͻС벽֮ң
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棬ҲлԵͻƵŵһᶨ˽棬ѰҴԵľġ
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Բ۷֮ʵ༫󣬵ƾʥ徳ԶԶ
Ҷӣ֮ԴתʱһǿĽ֮ĸ籡оѡ
ͻˣİ֮飬ڽĸȫµĲ棡
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ʱ䣬ʥرѪϴϴʧ
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ѪԽԽŨϹ˫ֵ̫¶һ˿֮ɫ
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أռڶѪгһɫʱռг˿ֲѹѹŲ˵Ѻۡ
ͱ£
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µͣǿչ·ǰȫˡ


2161 е
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ʮʱǱ£Ҷ缸˾ųɵ֮ԴһٽʥԲ޼˺֮Ǳһڽ
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󣡡
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ţû뵽ﻹŲ
ɨһˣ۾͸ŨŨɱ⡣
ͳ廹дܻϡ

սһʱһ߰ʥ
ӵʼѶһ֣ͨռ䴫󣬳ʥС
һʱʵԲʴﵽмҲ׷ͻƵ¼
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һһϮۣͷڣǿ̤һɭȻ˵
ԶͬˣԸͬ飡ȻͺֲܿûǿӲػӦ
ټҹ壡
ʱʥغ󷽣ֳ˴Ŀռ䴫ǧһڹܣϵʥС
Ϊ˶Կ壬ǧĹʮֹϵĹľſһء
ǧҷǻòͷˣҹȻа屾񣡡ĳ֣͵ɫԽѿðɣȻǱͳȫǣ֪˭ףҶ޼ڱǰֻһЦ
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սһĸ֣ҲΪսޱ䡣
˭Ц֪


2162 һս
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Įɨһ޾ĵ֮籡壬ͷݻɿֲڸ񷡣
һ֮£֮ѪΪһ壬ֲ·򴩾ʮ硣

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оԽԽأҶһʵ
İɣһܼ֣һһҪֵͻƣֻͻƵǲܻǡ
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ĥ̹ƽһأѪȾϵ·
Ұƿİɣ
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̵͵Ŀ£ŵۣ׷˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ʱֻҶ޼ڹؼʱ̤һжˡ


2163 ͵Ŀֲ
ٽλãֻǲֵܼͻƾ磡
ŲѪ죬ҶŵĴ
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İڵ컯µġҼֲסٽλãҶ罹˵
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ڼҵɱУ治ұɱҲ⵽ش
аؼʱ򣬴նɱˣΧ¡
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䡣
һ֮£ռ仯Ϊޣɽѣ±飬޾ĵ˲Ҷˡ


2164 ž

Ҷˣ飬һͻɫޱ䡣
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ֲϵغſռ䣬ؽ飬ɻ𹥻£Ҷȴټ
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⵽ž񷣹ƿռľݻ˿ռ䣬ֵž񷣵ϴ
Ҷ޼ȴòջСʵ񷣣񷣵һ̤

Ҷ޼С˲䣬Ҷ޼òĿС
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ͻľžѾ㹻£Ҫɹ죬͵ң󽵵Ҷ޼ɹ񷣵ļʡ
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͵ĵңҶ޼ȷʵΪͷۣе˾޴ѹҶսţһƻָҶ紫˳ȥڴߡ
޼Ҳȥɱˣص죬֮˵
أųһԣҾԼһܷչˣ˶ҿģҶ޼Ӧ
˵꣬Ҷ޼һ߿С͵Ĺһʩչֵͨž񷣡
ıԵҶ޼ȫһ


2165 ĩ·
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ϻһʹĲҽȫҶ޼ʩѹüͷ΢΢һ塣
֮ˣڴܵ޷Ӱһеƿռľһߵž񷣵ϴһ߹Ҷ޼Ʊ޷̤
Ƕʲôȥɱܣ
Ҷٶ̫죬̫޷һܣ̫ŭˣ
ԭʼ̥ɱ
Ҷһٻ¼񾳽ԭʼֳ̥һܡ
Ǭգ
Ҷ磬ԭʼ̥ɱ¾ʱҶǬһʧɫսǬб
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ץסҶܵĻᣬ̫콫ĵݵ£˲ݻǧֲ̬ϯŲ񷣬ɱҶ硣
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̫֪սһ۷ܶӭӣҶȴƾѪ֮Ӳֵסˡ
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֮նҶĸںһݻ˫ɱһ֮֡
һϵмҵײУҶԵĹ֣֮ٶȼĴ̫ؿڡ
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ҶƲĴ̫ɫ΢΢һ䣬ٵݻͨûֹ̬ƴĹҶ磬Ҫɱ
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Ϊ˻ɱĵˣûϵʩչ֮Ҷ޼ܵǣľ޷ȫɽ١
Ҷ޼Ҫˣûõġɹž񷣣
Ѫɫ΢΢Щ԰׵Ҷ޼¶һ˿ײеЦݵ
ͣҲȥһս
Ҷ޼ͻȻ۾âΨҶͣ˵
˵꣬Ҷ޼ٻС̤Сӭžž񷣳ٻӿзȥ
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ΪζʲôʵðգҶ޼ûϣ
Ҷ޼ñһ̰ɣ
˵ţгһǹһ̻ƣγһſŹشڽĳǹ
ѳǹ֣͸Ϣ˲˻ҵĿռ䣬·ǹзӡŲһǹ̳ѡ
߱ǹ𣡡
ͱһȫԴԴϵ뵽߱ǹУûƵҶ޼̳һǹ
꣡
һǹ̳ռ仯룬ֲǹâ粻˺ѵĿռѺۣԳԽµٶȣҶ޼
ܾž񷣹Ҷ޼޷㣬ֻܿСȫ
е߱ǹķѪƶɵģȼ컯һǹ̳СԵֵ
䣡
һ
Сʹ̳߱һǹ̴һȱڣֲݺݵشҶ޼ϣ̴罦Ѫ
ˣҶ޼ҶսСУƣû뵽˿ֲɫС


2166 ƶ
ͱ£Ҷ޼Ӧ˰ɣ
˳ž񷣵̫ͣӭȥη˵
˵Ҷ޼Ӳĺݣž񷣲һɱɫ°ؿŲϷɫƣ˵ɹž񷣣Ҳ
䣡
˲ıҵĲ
ɫУ⵽žҶ޼ȫѣѺ۵ϣȴһ˿š
·һУԤ֮С
°ɣ
͸СҶ޼Ҷһŵʵ
Ӧܶɹⳡѹأ
ȻҶ޼Ĵãһǹ˼˺ϤҶ޼ϤһУŵɫоҶ޼Ӧûк֡
˵Ŀ͸СŵؿҶ޼ʱֲľž񷣺֧壬ˡ
Ҷ޼˲䣬һŻ࣬˵ҰС
죬޼Ǵǿչ·еõģ
⵽ž񷣹࣬׷µ
ţǿԵõģǿܹ죬޼£δܽ˵ͷ
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޼ǿ࣬˵ܽǿ̤ʼ˵ͷ
飬˾󲿷־ž񷣵Ĺ
Դ֮ڣ
࣬ž񷣺һѪʱСӿ˴ıԴ֮ڽУٵ޸Ѫۡ
ʱһȥ
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ȻٶΣգֻҪɱҶ޼罫
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˻ʣ㻹һͷβСˣʹЦһ˻ʵĽͣ˵ĹûʣʵİͲҺҶ޼ܾˣԼôе
Ųţڣ㲻ܶҶ޼
˵ţѩ嵱ȥĴܿܳ˻ΧһµĴ󣬵ǰ
ߣƾ㣬赲˱񣡡
˵ţʧȥĵֳͣڽص߱ǹ˻ʡ
Ϯ˻˲ں˴֮˽˵֯޾ĽӰȫֵ͵Ĺ
ͽ֣˻̵ᵽ͵ĿֲҲӼᶨػҶ޼ľģֻҶ޼ǣͣԼܴǿչ·еõĻԵ
һҶ޼罫ǣͣʱĴΣա
˻ʵսȻԶԶͣ轣˵Լ´ĸ˻ʶʱ仹ֵܵס͵Ĺ
˻ȫֵʱ࣬ȫںȫıԴ˾žףϴҶ޼ͱ˾ƿѵ̤һС
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̤ѵС벽Ҷ޼еĵ̣һɳѪӿڽ˾žУ֮࣬
ţͻˣ
оҶ޼Ϣ˲䣬췭ظı仯ɫ΢΢һ䣬ֳ߱ǹȫ˻ʣҪˣɱ˵ĽС
ѹԽԽ˻ûֳ˻ʽȫ
ۿҶ޼֮壬̤Ӳ˻һ߱ǹ˽еҶ޼
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ûõģ޷赲̤
屻Ҷ޼Ʋδˣں֮Ѫڣ߱ǹ˻ȥ
ȫ֮ʣٳδ࣬Ҳȫںһ
գ˻ʷ£Ҷ޼תǬ̤뵽¡


2167 ֮ս
Ҷ޼ʣµľͽˣˣ
̤Ҷ޼һѪ˻ûоô˺˿ռ䣬ŽѸ뿪ˡ
˻ʣ
Ȼ˻ڹؼʱҶ޼֪˻Ҳ˽ģû˻ʣע޷̤
Ҷ޼ҵСˣ̤Ҳûã֪֮ʵж󣡡ֳ߱ǹĿؿҶ޼ɱȻ˵
׼Ҷ޼ոͻƣĻᣬɱҶ޼
ոɱ˱ɱ˱񣡡Ҷ޼η˵Сֳ壬ͷųԴӳء

ͫһ֮籡壬ݻ޾ĺһǹ̳ҫ޵ء
ʹ̳ľһǹҶ޼СڽȭУٶȼӭȥһȭ߱ǹϡ
ǣ
޾Ļ߱ǹ䣬߱ǹĹǿȴ޷̴ںСҶ޼ȭͷ
ȴܲסǶ˵Ĺ˲ˡ
һ֮󣬶ͬʱУԷ
վ֮۵Ĵڣ˽ɵƻֲ̫֮ռ飬ݣɽͣӴȫΪƽء
ռľڣ
˼ɱһʱں˿ռľĿռ֮û뵽壬ռ֮սȫѹҶ޼Ĺơ
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Ȼ飬ȴʱҶ޼ʵƿģԸһ
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ոͻƣҶ޼ҲԸӲƴһٻˣԼص
ţҶ޼Ҷ磬ģ죬̫һʼ۷ܳǿ
䣡
˵˲ںһ𣬻һֻ֣һأѹֵͣסͷ
̫죬ұɱ㣡
ųҶͫһ˶Զɫ̫죬ֳĸһɱ˹ȥսһ
ҵɱҡ
Ҷ޼ƿ󣬽˱ľ棬ûֳֺȭȫƱҪɱҶ޼ԼΣա
Ҷ̫֮ļսͬļҡ
Ҷ͵Ĺƣ̫첻ϵʩչһֲĵƣ潻֡
֮
սһʱ䣬Ҷ޼ץסͱ˵Ļᣬǿתγ˺֮ݺݵغ͡
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һϵмҵıը
һһǹ֮Ƶֲ֮ݺݵغ͵ϣڽڵİˣһѪ
ͱˣ
찡ѵע£
ģͱ޵еģһܴվۣ֮һͳ棡
Զˣ;Ȼˣʱ¶֮ɫ
ΪһͰˣ罫ֹҶ޼Ҳѹ壬Ϊһ塣
ˣҶʩչͨѹס̫죬ڽڵİˡ
֮ȭ
Ҷ罫̫ƵһΡɽʱ˲ں˺Ӳڽ˳ź֮һȭݿ̫ķݺݵغϣ˳ȥײΡɽۡ
̫峤Ҳˣ
찡ѵϲҪ岻ɣ
űҶһȭɵ̫죬ܵĵ뵽˵͹ȣ¶˾֮ɫ
̫죬ȥԹɣ
Ҷûи̫һ˿ϢĻᣬֳĸݵ£ݻϽ͵Ĺ̫죬ϵؼơ
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ĸ컯ںһһն̫ĸ첲ѪȪһӿ˳
£ˡ
첲Ҷն䣬̫սò͡
뿪ң
ʹһ羪֮ʧȥ۵̫Ѹٳˡ
֮Ҷ޼ƿصҵĶԹ
̫˳ʱҶʩչϽոɱʮܣ˺
̫֮ززҶûм׷ɱ۷˻ǬٻԱ飬͡
ȻһſԱ޷˺ͣȴܶһӰ죬ɢע⡣
С֣
⵽Ա鹥ͱȼŭĹҶ磬ȴҶ㿪ˡ
ץסͷ֮ʣҶ޼ٴŤתγ֮ݹգݺݵغϣһơ
սԽԽңҶ޼͵ƾɱʱͻȻҹڵĿռϿգԼһɫ·ǳɵĳ
ŷ·ŵĳͣҶ޼ֹܵͣ˹ĿˢˢͶ˹ȥ¶֮ɫ
ǿչ·ǿչ·ˣ
ų۵ĳɫǿճգͣҶ޼֪ǿչ·ˡ
Ҷ޼ȱΪʱһ㣡
ǿչ·֣ûмҶ޼ƴһݻѸ뿪ˡ


2168 ǿչ·ϣ
ۣ
뿪Ҷ޼ص󣬻δ죬֮˸ˣףͻƵѪҶ޼ò԰ףûһ˿Ѫɫҡҡ׹§˻С
޼û°ɣ
§Ҷ޼һŵʵ
ߣǻС˵
Ҷ޼һսСС
޼ѵɽͷһǹ۹ŵ۵˵
ţһǹ˵ҵ֮ʱҵ岢Ҷ޼˵ͷ޷޲壬ҵõᣬҲʧܡ
ףһ֮飬Ҳ޲壡Ҷ⴫
ĻԵ㣬ҲҪҶ޼ҡҡͷİɳ磬гĻᣬҲϣܳ񣬶Եأҵ޲ĴԵ
ˣǿչ·Ѿ֣׼ǿչ·ڽ磬һҪóĻᣡҶ޼һն˵
ҶһսȻӰȴԶԶǿչ·
ǿչ·ʱҥ𣬸˴˴ǿչ·г
ʿ룬ǿչ·г˳ը˹кܶϹѰǿչ·λá
ʥַҶˣȴһֱչز͵һսɵˡ
֪컯񵤣ͻƵ۷徳𣿡
ȻҶսףĵʵֲ̫̫̫ŲϹЩϹУ۷ܣҶҪԵҪһս
䣡
컯񵤣Ҷоһɰҩбҩ֮ǿԭȷµκεҩ
編࣬ѹ
Ҷһû編ѹס컯񵤱ҩƺ֮ٵ컯񵤵ҩȫ۷徳硣
ΪҶǰڽڵĵȫڽ壬ʹ컯񵤵Чﵽʵٵ
һ죬СĿռһ졣
һٱʱУ֮컯񵤵ҩҶͻԲʱ̣ԶԶ죬׷ˣͻ۷ʱ˲С鷳
˽ʮʱʱȫ컯񵤣Բһֻ̤뵽۷塣
ͻƵ۷壬ҶŻҪǿĻ֮ԽС벽
۷ͻѶ̫ҶŻ޷Խİ벽Բ¡
Ҷӣһδγ۷徳ʱӵҶ޼Ĵǿչ·ڳħ߷壬ħ֮ߡ
߰ɣ̣ȥħ֮ߣ
Ҷ޼ٻһ޴ۣԦ˸ħ֮ߡ
ͬʱ֪ǿչ·ڵλãҲ׷׸ħ֮ߡ
һʱ䣬⵽شħ
쿴Ǿǿչ·ڣ
ϵħ֮۵ܣϼ⣬ѿǿչ·ڣʱ
ಣ
һ̶ƿ
һ۷ܳ˲ͻȻӿնԼٶȷǿչ·ڡ
ٶʱħ֮˵ע⡣
Ԫʥڣ
ǿչ·ڣ۷˲һŻԪ֮ľ޸ںһնѿĹ·ڣҪһ뵽ǿչ·УĿԵ
еƣȼǿѪһһ󣬵նǿչ·ʱȴ⵽˹·ɡ
ɽһĸӰ˲飬һɳϣֱӺ꣬ɱ
ߣûôܶ۷澳ܣҪǿչ·ǻòͷˣ
бѪӰħ֮ڴܲû¶֮ɫĲ
ħ֮ĵȴȴǿչ·ȫѿռȶʱһɿֲϢˡ
һ鲼ۣĺ뼸ڵϣ΢΢Щӷףϲƣħߣһͷȣħ֮ߡ
ħţħϹʱڵ棬Ȼţ
찡˵𣿡
꣬ħħųħ˫񣬲֪ôȥˣħŵʵﵽ˺εȾ磡
ͻȻ֣ȫߣڳ˶¶ŨŨ֮ɫ׷״
ħţΥˣ
ħŸոճ֣һ߰
һ˸ɫʯͷ׹ħ֮ߡ
׹˲䣬޴ĳħ֮߾ҵĲһѺɽӡ
ʯ棡
Żεʯͷħϳʯʯ棬һ¶Ĵ
ǿչ·֣Щһֻ̤ȪϼһǶ֣ǳĻᣡħͷȣɢſֲѹʯ棬˻ɤӵ
Һǲһֻǿչ·ҵ̤ĻԵٶһѣʯҡҡͷ
ʯ棬ֻһûеʯͷôøʲôͻȻһ߰ʧԵ
׻񣡡
ͻȻֵһֻ޴׻ʯϳǱʼ׷ɱ£թİ׻
˴γ׻ľҲﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȣȻṳ̂۷壬ͻҲֻа벽֮ң
һʯͷҲʯȻû֮ģȴг֮⡣
ʱƣħ֮вϳһ¶ĴивʹѶĴ֣ܳ𾪡
ħ֮۵ԽԽѹ֣澳ܾսսʱһɫ֣еĹ⻪


2169 ǿչ·£
ȻҲţǱ̫ɱ𣿡
Ƕ˽Ļ̫٣ܶ˲Ǳɱˣ
ôǴǿչ·еõԵļ΢΢
׳־澳ܣһϹĵ뵽˵͹ȣ˲ȴ֮ġ
ͽҲͲ͵ɱ㣡
ħ΢΢̧ƤӣһΧݻشϢҪǿһֵƵ˵
ߣʰģ
Ȼ壬ĹϵǢǵжԹϵһη˵
ˣ
ãĽ
һĿĽӳأħ֮ߡ
˻ʣ
ɫۣͷ¹ڣͦɣǿҽ˻ʣ˵߶
Ϊѵһţٷˣ˻ʱȴǿҵΣϢ
˻ʵɨһħŵˣϥһߣصϢȴǿչ·
ֹ˴Լһʱ䣬ħ֮˾ֻӴĺ룬̤գһϵսڹսԣʮܡ
峤ųһ˵̫ȻС
ͣˣ
ŹϵսԼػһԵ̫죬ħ֮ڴ֪İ͵ˡ
֣Υˣ
ħţʯǾʶ׷ǰѡ
ȴ¶һ˿Įر˫ۣϥ͵ˡ
㾹ȻҲˣ͵ڹս𣺡ڸһ¸ĹĻᣬԸ⳼ڱǻ峤
Ըأ
˽յ˫ѱ˵
ǱֻµɭȻ˵
ȵʱȻ˳㻹ûǸʸ񣡡η˵ȫȻ޾͵в
ΪԼӲˣͰԵ˵Ҫɱ㣬
Ǿԣܻãٻһͷǹڵϣһηս
ͣҷĻЩʧܣԼ˶㣬ˣҲ񡣡˻ɨһվ˵

˻ʻ䣬սӿ˹֮˲۳һֻ޵еĴ֣·һɽѹ˻ʡ
޵ɽѹ˻˴̶Ľһ°ĽâƳ壬һն޵ɽϡ
䣡
ǿڰмҵĶԳ⣬˾죬ҵҡΡ
ô澳˫ȷѣЩ̱ڵϡ
˻۵½âˡ
ʱ˻ͫһ½âƳ壬ն޵ɽϣƵ͵Ĺ
ͣҪҾһȫ㣡˻ʿŹսս߰˵
һ
ֳͷǹʮ㡣
˻ʣʱҵͻȻˡ
һֻ·̤ĵĴŴݺݵزͳĹսϡ
ȻսʩؽƣȴܲסֻŵĹսֱ飬ֻµĺŵڵϣ˰
Ҷ޼
߳ռѺ۵Ҷ޼еɱɽ緢ˡ
ͣ˵֣жʤ㣡ŭյͣҶ޼¶˵Цݣɢͷŵƣ
úãǶգȱһǣ
һҶ޼ʹͷۣ˻ʣʵֲףδǿչ·ǰȷʵǰƴһ̫ħ֮۵һߣȴǿչ·ڿ
˻ʣʲôĿģҶҪлл㣬ллؼʱסͣͻƵ
뿪Ҷ޼ĿͶ˳Ǹ˻ʣ˵
㣬ҲǰԼ˻ӭҶ޼۾˼һµ
Լʱ䣬ħ֮Ϊǿչ·ԽԽֲѹ񷡣
ͻȻҵгһ޴ĿռţռҲȶ
ռų֣ͣ˻ʣħŵûκεԥ׷׷˿ռţȿֺ뵽ǿչ·С
ܿ죬ħ֮۵ԽԽ١
ǿչ·ʱΪʮ꣬ʮкΣգҽռţǻᱻ⴫͵ĳλãҽ飬ʵﵽϵ˽ǿչ·棬⣡
Ҷ޼Ҫһͬǿչ·û뵽ô֣ܳı⡣
ðɣ
ѣҶҲ֪Լǿչ·õԵļʲӵҶ޼顣
磨һҪչ˺Լһųɽµ㣡ѣƵҶ˲е
İɣһƽ
Ҷ§ˣᶨı֤ԭʼ̥Լǡ
߰ɣǿչ·סǿչ·Ҫʱ䣬ᴫ󣬴͵ǿչ·ֵǺǿչ·ĻԵУ
ѵˣҶ޼ûٵʱ䣬ǿչ·еҶˣǣ˿ռţ뵽ϣ̲ųǿչ·С


2170 ǿմ
ǿգ޾ǿա
ǿչ·Ҷ緢ԼһƬޱߵУƬڣ֧½вƵǳжѵɽһ沨Ĳе
Ҵ󣡡
Ҷ޼֪ǿչ·ûоͷҪǿչ·ֻҵǿմУ򵥿УʮҲɲǿչ·Ҫ˵档
ಣ
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ǣλѪ֥
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ˣ
ŷţҶǿǰһϢϢһʵֲĴڴս
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Ҷ籾ᣬݵԣȴϢ˴͵
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Ҷüͷһƣ¶֮ɫһٶȼķ˹ȥ
ʱһۺɫȣ͹£ͷðſſ㺹Ķ˵ŮӣһԲ䵶һɫսֳֳǹ½
ǲԶһƬʯѣʯУҶԼо͵
໣
оҶ翿ʯѣŮӼɱսһͻȻ۷壬ֳֳǹҶ硣

ͻȻ⵽սӹҶ۾бһϬ⣬һָȥ
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Ȼǿչ·еĿռޱȵļͣԶԶ磬Ҷָâÿռָâݺݵص˳ǹǹϣֱӱǹ⣬սӵ˳ȥ
໣
ˣսӲļɱҶ磬뺷η
Ҷʵֲ̫սӶ˵вҶһѹݻشݺݵѹսϣѹڵϣá
üӲķ
Ҷ緢֣սӳԼһѹ徹Ȼûз飬¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ʵһ֮飬Ҫ˵ֻ۷澳սˡ
лִ֮м
űҶһѹսӣŮ۾бâᲦһ´ǰ˿ĵ˵
ţ
ȻŮ欣Ͷһ⣬ҶȤԵ˵ͷ˱ֵʯС
Ȼӡһ󣡡
ƿʯеĽƣҶ緢һģĴ
ʱŮӸ˹ʱĵ۾и¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ҧһ촽λӣ⴫ȷֵģɷøҡ
ø㣿Ҷ΢΢һЦø㲻ǲԣܸʲôô
Ը⣬ԸźһΣŮ۾͸˹֮ɫ˵˵
ûȤҶŮӵ̬ҡҡͷϽ黨ңҵǿԿǽ⴫ø㡣
⡭
Ըˣ
˵ţҶ˿ռ䴫
ãҴӦ㣡
ռ䴫ջ̫Ůһҧժͷϵ黨͸Ҷ硣
ˣռ䴫ˣˣ
Ҷ罫黨ϣûκԥٶȼķˡ
ҵţĶô׶թģ
Ůͷϵ黨һȼߵ䱦ϿһеϢԲܶΪ˽ǿչ·ֻʹ
ߺ޵ؿһԼòҶ米ӰĴʯڴУʧ½С
ǿմȼߣ˰ʱ͵˴ӵķŭ
ʱҶ磬Ѿ뵽Ƶ½һ·ǿմ󣬲ԸӦ£ЩǿմȼߣҶûй˷ʱ䣬ڲ½Ѱҡ
ڣڲ½зһеڷӡһޱȾ޴ǿմ
ҵ½ǿմˣ
ڲевǿĿռ䴫ҶĴϲٶȼķ˹ȥ
ˣ
ɽ˲䣬һ񸴻ˣֳ
򣬸飡
ϮҶſ˺˺ѹ˹ȥ
ҶʵҶ罫ݵ£֮ڽݿ
ţǡ
飬Ҷ緢ɫ飬Ź̺ԶԶɫʯ

Ҷһɫ̵˶Уʱбڽ˺֮Уٵʵ޷Ƶľƿһ˿ɶ
ǿչ·ĻԵǲ󣡡
ҶоٵõһЩɫ飬Լ˵ܽɫ̺ľԽ۷徳
ĵƣ
߽Ҷ緢ֵϿ̻һϵĵƣЩƣԵ衣
ǿչ·ֵʱֻʮ꣬Ҷûйĵʱ䣬ֱߵһ֮ǿմУó˴Ĵ;ʯ˿ռ䴫ڣǿմʧƵ½Уǿչ·


2171 ̻ľ
ǡһ֡
߳ǿմҶԶԶһƬޱȾ޴Ưǿµ֣һٶȼķ˹ȥ
øߵĹľ
ɽƵ֣Ҷ緢Ĺľߴɣʮ˺ϱܱ
ϢŲٿֲޣкܶѾܼ
ҶɢϢֲ̫ЩϢе޸ҹҶźֵ֦ܿ
š
ţҶüͷ΢΢һ壬һľ֮΢΢̣¶һ˿Цݡ
ಣ
Ҷ翿ɸߣ֦ҶïŲĹľ֮ʱһ̶ƿ
һȫںɫУòӣֳһޱȵĳٶȼĴ˹Ҷ硣
ȻӹĺͻȻӵԵҶͲĴڣ£Ҷײ׽Ĺ켣
ۿҶĺһ̴ҶٶȼָסĽ⣬Ƶɱһ
ʲô
û뵽Ҷ練Ӧ˿죬˫ָס˽⣬ϵıУſǿ֮ԼһĹҪҶ˫̴ָĺ
ҶʵԶԶں֮޷Ҷ˫ָ
ֻꡱһҶ˫ָ΢΢ֱӷα
αҶ˫ָ飬ˣûκεԥ뵽ռ켣УҪܡ
ӣӵõ𣿡
Ҷͫһ̽һѿס˺ӵļ򣬾޴ӲӰа˵ϣֱû뵽˼ӲĵزС
ҪɱңһԸһܣû뵽Ҷʵ˵Ŀֲò׳һ޴ջҶ
ûȤ
Ҷ˵ıݺݵغںϣֱ꣬ɱ
ɱ˺ӣҶƬľзȥѰĻԵԼǿմ
ţ󷨣
ŷţҶͻȻ֣ռг˴Ļ֮ϵԻ꣬ʧȥ
컯꣬ƣ
Ҷͫһ£һߴĹľ컯ն˹ȥ
䣡
컯һߴĹľˣҶĻ֮Ҳ֮ʧ
ţǡ
ʧҶ緢Զһ׶ߣǶˮװСͨѪɫ滨
滨ʱѪɫ滨ͻȻʢͷųһ˵ҶС
㣡
ŨĻ㣬ҶͻȻоһѣΣŨŨĻ꺣в˴ĻԻꡣ
֪ΣգҶס˺ɢӰ졣
ʱʢ滨ͻȻһſŷݣһҧҶ磬Ҫɡ
ʥ徳֮컯滨ݸҧҶ塣
֮ƣ
滨˺ҧҶſ˽ֱ֮ն滨ĻѪɫĻ䣬ǡ
ǿչ·ȻΣգ
Ҷû뵽ԼһСģȻΣգں֮㹻ǿΪġ
編࣬ɣ
Ҷһٻ˻編࣬Ѫɫ滨ɵľȥ
ͬʱǿչ·䣬ÿʱÿ̶ڷżҵɱ
ǿչ·õ˴ԵԴ֮ͻ˾磬Ҳɥǿչ·С
ǿչ·Ҷ޼ͣ˻ʵˣûڹ·еʱ䣬ǲڲƵʱѰǿǿմ󣬶뵽УѰҳ
ţΣգ
Ҷɵľʱһǧɸߣų٣ҶƬ̬죬һ㣬סһصĹľľʱеΣϢ
ǡ̻ľ
ǰľľҶϳʮľ֮һ̻ľ
Ȼʮľ̺Զľǰ̻ľڵʱ̫Զ̺ﵽ˼ֲĳ̶ȡ
û編̻ľ編ǿҶĵ̡
أ
Ҷһ̻ľʱµĵͻȻһ£һִƳ˼Ӳĵز㣬һ㹥Ҷ硣
̻ľҶ˲䣬һߴĹľ·һ㣬ҡҷïʢڣӳ޾ĹâҶ硣
򣡡
⵽ľ֮⹥Ҷû㣬ſǿ֮ϵػΣ̻ľ
࣬Թҵķϰɣ
̻ľͻȻֳһŲϵףײеֲףҶը죬ꡣ
֮ȭ
̻ľͷŵĿֲХҶ˲ȼ˺֮Ѫں˺򣬽ڽ˺֮ȭһȭ̻ľ
ҶԵƥԺǳһȭ̻ľ׳˵ѺֲۣӲ̻ľԶ¶㣬ͨ
࣬㼤ŭˣ
̻ľײеӴϷ仯仯һĸߴƤ߲ϲƵߣֳһ޴׮Ҷ硣


2172 ɱɱ
䣡
޴׮Ҷȭͷײһ𣬳ڽ뵽׮ϣǿӲ׮̻ľڽڵİˡ
㣬ôֲ
̻ľɴ˻ǵۣضҶ磬
飬֪ôˣ
Ҷûи̻ľһ˿ϢĻᣬ̤͵ĹԵϵѹ̻ľ
ƱҶȫѹƣ̻ľΧĹľҶ磬Ҷֲ̫ľ֯ӰδҶͱӿˡ
Σգ
Ҷ̻ľˮĹƣҪǿƺĹľ֮ʱݵͻȻΣա
һٶȼĺӰӻҵĹľзӶһҶĺ󱳣Ҫһ̴
ʱ侲ֹ
Σʱ̣ҶͻȻֹʱ䣬Ӳ͵ϮĺӰ˰Уá
ţҶ̻ľĹͻȻ۷壬ںϺ򣬽£յһȭ
䣡
һȭӰǰĿռ壬ֲݺݵغϣһȭ˳ȥڰ˴Ѫ
ţû
Ҷüͷһƣ¶˳Ծ֮ɫԾӰԼһȭȻû顣
ҶҪʤ׷ɱӰʱŭ̻ľ˹Ҷ硣
編࣬
ؼʱ̣Ҷٻ˻編࣬編๥̻ľȫ׷ɱܵĺӰ
ľľôϣ
о編͸ľϢ̻ľܵ¶˵֮ɫ
̻ľȻʮľľȣвСĲ࣬Ի編Ĺܵܵѹơ
ٶȾ˵Ҷ磬Ѿ׷͵ϮĺӰӣ͵Ĺ
Ҫͷ¶βˣ¶ɣ
ҶԵʵѹסӰӣʩչͨ壬ơ
ӰȻҲﵽԲսȴԶԶҶ硣
򽣹ڣ
ҶԵƥһȭ˺Ӱʱ˲ں˽֮򣬽֯޵񽣣ϯ˺ӣĺɫۣ¶һŲ۽ӰĿȫǵס
ͷϣһϵĵƣһɱ֡
ɱɱ֯
ӶͷϵĹɱ֣Ҷ뵽һιϵļ䣬μɱɱ֯йء
˵ɱɱ֯Ϲʱڣ嶼ŷɥеܣʮˡ
һδɱжУɱɱ֯һɱ֮ɱ˵ʱһʥӣŭ峤ۣټܣϧ۶ɱɱ֯б
ҵɱɱɱ֯ҲԪˡ
Ҳ˵֮Աɱɱ֯һսйأԪˣ岢һܻ塣
֮û뵽ɱɱ֯
ҶͫһӷҪѻꡣ
ԲеҶ磬ʩչĪĹȫ㡣
ʱ侲ֹ
Ӵɱɱ֯ƿصʱ侲ֹ£㲻Ҷ͵Ĺشصˤڵϣʧȥս֮
ѹ
ҶٻȫѹʱͻȻԱˣҶѻƻա
ԽԽˣҪץʱ䣬뵽ˣ
ҶѸٵ۷壬ص˹ľ編ȫѹ̻ľ
Ҷ編˫ع£̻ľԽԽأһ޴Ѻӡ
編࣬ɣ
̻ľɱѣҶٻĸһ壬̻ľԭͣû編ƽ̻ľУ
໣
һʹİǿ
ڻ編£̻ľٵؿήձ仯ɿľʧȥ
̻ľ編һ࣬Ҷûеʱ䣬編ս壬ٶȼķ˼žĹľַһǿմ󣬼ǿչ·н
ʱţܿ죬¹ȥˡ
УҶͨռ䴫н˲֪򣬶ڿռ䴫ʱҲΣգǿմ͵֮ء
ʵ㹻ǿԵսΪģ黨Ϣ˲Σա
գҶյУɱ˲գõ̺ɫ飬壬һʵ
ҵˣ
ҶһƯǿУصҩ԰֮ʱһĶС
˳ԴҶ翴Ҫ黨ŮӣԦһֻ峤ʮףȫѩһĻëͷҫšֹƵİ׻֡


2173 ûܾ
㡭ʲô£
ҶɨһŮӣԼ£죬ﵽڵİ׻˵
ߣ˵ʲôŮ޵ؿҶ۸ңϵı뻢Ϊұ𡣡Ů˵
𣬽ˣ
׻һѪɫ۾Ҷ磬ɱڵ˵
жԶԶ
ȻҶ粻֪Ůúεȷ׻ԵתŮӣ׻Ȥ˵

Ҷ۾͸֮ɫ׻ŭˣѿѪڣײе籡Ҷ硣
ֲδҶ壬ͱɢˡ
ţԭܣ
׻ĿһɣѿѪڣ³һͼݻµĵ⣬Ҷ硣
飡
⵽ͼҶ粻ܣһȭӭȥ
ֲȭâױȵƻһȭ˰ͼĹڰϣ˲䱬˵Ѻۡ
ʲô
ͼǰ׻һȴܲסҶһȭ֮ð׻ˣҶ˼ر仯
ʲôˣ
׻֣ҶԶԼпֲûƣͳ˵
ڲҵݣǲ̫һЩҶЦһԭػûһۻҵĲӰڰ׻ǰƣһƽ˶İ׻ȷ˳ȥ
㲻Ҫ
ĿҶһȷɰ׻ĿͶԼŮûֵ꣬˵
ұɱ㣬ʵ̫ϧԼˣҶ̤ųصĲһ˻ʧɫŮӣֲѹȸϢ
ȵȣζҵĴֻҪңԸӦκεŮӿ־ˣİ
̫峤
Ҷ׼ֻɱŮӣԼ׻ʱ׻ͻȻһҫŵ֮ӰƲ񷣬ĴϲѿѪڣȵ
̫죡
͸һľ϶Ҷ翴̫֣΢΢̣¶һ˿Ц⡣

׻һϮɫۣ̤֣̫֮ҪĿ̫üͷ΢΢һ壬뵽׻һĺϵѸٷ
ΪҶϵ黨Ϣ̫һʱ䲢δҶĴڡ
̫峤Ҫɱǣ̫峤Ϊ
Ůӿ̫֣Ĺ˵ϣ촹䣬¶Ĺ
Ҫʧˣ̫޷Ϊ
Ҷ米˫֣ɫ°̫죬˵
Ҷ磬㣡
Ҷ磬̫ɫ΢䣬Ժͷ
Ȼǿչ·õ˲ٿԵʵһ֣ҶʵҲͻ۷а벽֮ң
ʱҶƴȲǡ
ңҶ˵ͷ̫죬֪ԸΪǳͷǰ𣿡
Ҷ磬㲻Ҫţʱ³񣬱ȫң
̫Ժͷսʤ˳嶯һݻ뿪
̫峤㲻Ҫߣ㲻ǲܣ
̫쾹ȻûҶѸ뿪׻ŮӶʱ񣬴
ǲҪˣƺҲûãңûܾǣҶ翴̫ȥıӰ¶һ˿ЦݣĮ˵
֪ҶĿֲ׻ԥȼǿѪٶ£һѸܡ
׻ٶȺܿ죬컯깥ٶȸ졣
˲Ϣ֮䣬ɾ޽컯꣬һն˰׻ϣӴ룬ͬʱ飬ڰлһѪ
Ҫɱң㲻Ҫɱң
ĿҶһնɱ׻һĻŮ˵ΪҶһ֪ܵϵ·¶һµĽ
ŮӵջҶ粻Ϊ컯նһնɱ
նɱ˰׻ŮӣҶǵҩ԰ȥ
ҩ԰Ҷ緢ݣʮʵֲĲ
Ȼҩ԰вʵڴܣҶ˵вԡ
Ҷ컯꣬ȫϽһֻֻײеĲɱõһſޱɫ飬塣
ͬʱʮɫ飬Ҷﵽ˱ͣԲ۷ѶȲСҶ糢˺ܶİ취ٳ޷ƾƿ̤۷塣
ˣȽ˵ʵڲǿ֮ԣ
޷ͻƣҶηժ˲ҩ԰еѸҩ԰ƿǿĽƣҩ԰ӡǿմǿչ·һǿգ·ǳɵĳס
Ǻ֮⣬ϥŴϢֲĸ֣Уͣ˻ʣħŵ˺ȻС


2174 ǿ֮
磬ˣ
һҶУ絽Ҷ޼죬ʼ̫һ˻Ҷ
ף˵Ǻӣ
Ҷ޼ҲûйӣҶ֪ǰǿ֮ӷͬСɡ
ǿ֮ӣǿ֮ӵı˰Ҷ޼˵ͷ
Ҫأ
ҶԶԶޱߵǿ֮ӣʵ
Ҫֻһ취ǾǵǴֻмԦǴܿԽǿ֮ӣǿпԽǿ֮ӣܶ䣡Ҷ޼ϸ˵ÿǴִܵ棬еǴὫ˴ԵҲеǴ
ǿ֮ôֲҶ絹һ
Ҷͽ֣֪ܵĿֲǰǿ֮ȴ䣬ҶԽĸе𾪡
˵пĵط䣬ܲʲôҶ޼˵ˣĵȴɣǴӦþͻˡ
ʱһȥ
ʱƣ֮ӵڴԽԽࡣ
ʱ޾ǹͻȻǿд۳һһɶ೤Ǵ
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Ǵ֣һ벽ٶȼһǴԦǴǿ֮ӾͷʻȥҪȽ뵽С
벽ܵľٶͣ˻ʵ˶ûжԶȥ
һûΣգǴҪǿ֮ӡ
Լʱ䣬ǿ֮ͻȻһ޴УǴǰ
г֣Ԧǿ֮ӵİ벽ɫ䣬ٻǿıȫҪʵǿкС
ǿ֮еֲ̫ˣ벽񾳴ʹ޲գ˴ɣʬ޴档
Զȥİ벽ԦǴҪǿ֮ӵĴɫޱ䣬š
ʱǿ֮ͻȻˣھУһɽͷһ˫ǳ˫ԽԽܡ

ǰͻȻֵǿչһܷ˾֮ɫתܡ
ǴʮֵĹ죬κ˶޷ٿأֻǿչԽԽձǿչѿѪڣȫɡ
ÿֲĹףܸоոǿչĵȼ𣿡
Ҷû뵽ǿ֮ȹһɫصҶ޼ʵ
ǿչӦӵս֣ҿ²Ķ֣Ҷ޼ɫ˵
ĹҶ絹һȹܼ
Զͣ˻ʣͻȻֵǿչҲ¶֮ɫ
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ಣ
ҶϥͷǿӦһǴʱһϮɫ۵˻ʣͻȻշ䵽һǴϣԦǴǿ֮Զʻȥ
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뵽˻ʵʵ˾ѡǴʮа˾ʻС
Ȼ˻ʼԦǴԽԽ죬ûκεΣգʧǰ
˻Լ뵽У͵ɫ쳣ѿѡʧܵĺֻӣѡ
ʱƣǿ֮ӱԵǴԽԽࡣ
ڣͷһ̺ϵǴԦǴʧǿ֮С
˻ʣͽɹò˿ϣʼðΣգѡǴǿ֮ӡ
ЩУ˳ɹʧܣ˱Ǵ֮ء
ϣҪܸоأ
ҶԼݣӦһǴδǴиоϣɵЩ
֪֮ĸӦ𣿡
뵽֮йأҶһȡ˷ӡؽƵ֮飬⿪˲ֽƣ֮ӦǴеϡ
ţǡ
Ҷ֮ͨӦ£СǴиоصҶ޼˵ϡ
оҶûͨѡǴ顣
գҶȷϣȷ֮ͨӦϡ
ףĸףʼ̫һǰ񡭡ңҰѡǴҶͻȻҶ޼˶С
ô׼ȷĸоϣ
Ҷ޼˵һʱ䴫ҶУʵ
ţոյʵ飬ȷϣӦôˣҶ˵ͷûи̫һ֮Ĵڡ
ãѡǴңȥԣո˵Ҷ޼ŵ˵
ʮһңҶ紫
ãȥˣСģ
Ҷ޼ҶŲɣһڵʮһǴϣԦǴǿ֮ӱ˰ʻȥ
ԽԽԶҶ޼˵Ķʱ
˵Ҷ޼ǵĹǣǶԿͣԿ˻ʵ̣ܳ¡
Ҷ˽ŵĿע£Ҷ޼ԦǴԽԽ죬ʧǰ
ѡǴǶԵģ
оҶ޼Ӧ˳뵽棬ŵ˵أҶĿûȣָӣ׷ѡǴԦźǿ֮ӣʻȥ


2175 ᴬ
ôᣬΪʲôѡǴǶԵģ
ҶһѡǴûκεΣգٶȼʻ˱˰һʱ䣬˵ĿˢˢͶҶ硣
˵Ŀ⣬Ҷûᣬϥڰߣ֮飬ӦһǴϵϡ
С߱ΪʲôһδѡǴ
һϮɫۣħħţ˹ɫؿҶ磬ʵ
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Ҷ΢΢Ƥӣһ۷徳ħţ˵
ȻħŵʵֲܿҶǿչ·УʵõԵ
𣿡ȻħŲҶĻСӣϽ취ңħĳһʹΣ
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ħħĻʣĻû˸Ҳӣħſ˵
ðɣȻ֪Ҿ͸㣡Ҷ絭˵ÿǴԣҪźǹͨҲЧ
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ħüͷšһЩɵ˵
Ų㣬Ǿѡͨ˰ǴҶʼ
˵꣬ɫħţ֮飬ѰʺϵǴ
ʱǿдǹԽԽ࣬һǴ
ΪĴܣҶİ취ʼͨһǴҪҵͨ˰Ǵȫʧˡ
ಣ
һ̶ƿϥҶͻȻ˽յ˫һǴ
Ǵ˲䣬ħţ׻˷׷׷Ծ˰УҪҶеǴ
ħŵٶȼĿҶ΢΢̣¶һ˿Ц⣬ڼǴ˲䣬ͻȻ۷塣
ãȦף
ħţ׻һֱ۲Ҷһһ۷˲䣬ӦҶ籬Ŀֲѹڰͣ塣

ħţ׻ǿʵӹһ٣ҪǴȴδ⣬ҶͷŵǿѹǴϡ
Ǵֻһ˼Ԧѡ˾ͲݸģԾǴʻ˰Ҳֻһܻ
Ȼ޵ֱȴû·ǴʻǺӱ˰ʱҵɱһ
ڼɱȻ׶ʱǿͷðǺӣſѪڣ˴̵ֱ˶С
Ҷ磬թǣ
ħɫ˵Сģ˵ѾҶĵɥǿչ֮ڡ
⻰ʲô˼Ǹ𣿡ҶڰУĮؿħŵ
˵꣬ҶһһǴ֮ϡ
ߣ
ҶѡǴħźԥ˹ȥҪҶԦǴ
֮ȭ
Ҷ˲ں˺򣬽ڽ˺һȭħţҪˡ
ħ۷ܣʵʮֵĿ£ֳһҺɫĹףǰӲ֮ȭƻ
ħӰ
׷ֵס֮ȭħǿȶס壬˲ѳħ֮Ӱֱĸ򹥻Ҷ硣
֮ںϣ
Ҷһٻĸں˽֮ݻϽϯħ֮Ӱ˲佫ħ֮Ӱ顣
ħ֮Ӱ飬ħץסᣬǴ֮ϣҶǴƿȨ
ħţһжҵģ
Ǵֻܽһ͵˰Ҳ˵Ҷħֻһܻ
編࣬ںϣ
Ҷ˲ں˻編࣬ȼ˺֮Ѫ֮ģս۷ˮ׼ֳĸħǴ֮ϼս
ʯ棬˵˭ջ
ԶԶʻȥǴԼǴϼɱҶˣ׻ɫص˵
˵ʯһʯҡҡͷңǲСǴ
ǰȮӣҶ޼ĶӣɲǷˣҾħҪԴˣһƤɱĸݣж΢΢Щٻ˹˻ɤӵ
ߺų棬ȻıԶԶľʮľȷʵϵһ̺Զʮľɱȡ
ȴôΪ׻ҡҡͷҶħźϤһܽˣҵҶǴĵƣЦ󡣡
ǰħűϾ۷ܣԶʤҶ磬Ҷˣ
һȫںɫУòӻ˹
ǾĿԴɣǺֳܷܿʤˣ
ʯ忴һĺӣĮ˵
˵֮ʣҶħżս˰Ȼ׶ΣǴޱȵļ̣˽ɵƻ޷
ܿ죬Ǵʻǿ֮ӵ룬ֻޱֲǿչͻȻƳǿ֮ӣ¶˾޴Դһ˫ɺ۾ضҶˣſѪڡ


2176 ɱħ
У뾡ɱħţȻΣˣ
ǿչ֣ҶħᵽΣյϢǲ飬׷ʩչǿĵƣȫɱԷ
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ħſͣ³һīɽħ飬ħǶͷʱս˽ʮҶ˼ѹ
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СӣҶ鷳ˣħŵʵͿֲʼħ飬Ҷˣ
ۼ֮һۿħǶڶͷϵӣʼħ֮ʼħ飬̺
˫ڣ
ħʵʱҶں˫֮һս
ţҶǿоֹʱ䣬ħŵж
ʱ侲ֹ㾹Ȼʱ򣡡
ж⵽ʱƣħɫ䣬ſǿħ֮Ҫʱ侲ֹռ䡣
ʱ컯ӳҶ꺣ŵٰ컯֮һնֲĽħᵽΣϢֳ֣һȫֵ

ħǿʵֵס컯깥ʱҶԲľ򹥻ħţǣľ
ħ֮򣡡
ҶϮħħ֮ݵ£ȫ
ں򣬽֮˫ع£ħųſħ֮ˣͬһʱ乥ϡ
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⵽ħ΢ץסħȫĻᣬҶٻ֮һԼĸĹ£˳ȥɫ΢ħš
䣡
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ħںʼħ飬ǵʵȻֲͬʱ⵽ĸǱƣҡҡ׹ϵͷˡ
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Σʱ̣ħżȫǱϿƱ֮ѪڽʼħУʼħǿսӶȫֵͨ
䣡
˼ҽ֣ɵƻޱȵĿֲվҵĲǿ֮һ޴Ρ
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ҶħʵȻǿ󣬵ǿչ﷢ХͬʱˣѪ˳ǵ߿˳
찡ǿչˣᶼǿչ˰ɣ
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ǿչ۾еɱԽԽŨߵĸ˽ţ˾ֻǶ˸Ͽ챻ǿչԵ
ħţԹ´ιǿչɣ
Ҷӵѹ꣬ħѣһ£һ׹ķǣײħš
䣡
ԤеΣħȻһ˲ʱѾ޷㣬ֻݻӲҶȫһײ
ħʵǿҶ籬ڽһײ廹ʧأ׷˲ӿǿ֮Ӻ档
һĻҲð߹սĸַ˾
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컯꣬ĸڡ
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໣
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ħŻعʱǿչǰһҧ
УħʹȫĹ޷˺ǿչŭ
໣
ǿչҧ£һͬʼħħţ̵˶Уǿ֮ӽ˴ˮ

Ŀǿչһ̵ħŵһĻҶ糤һϥǴ֮ϣĬĬصϢָ
ǿչһ˫Ѫɫ۾ŽԶȥҶ磬û׷ɱû뵽׵ǿ֮У֪١
ħˣ
ҶսȻ˵ı뺷
ĿħűҶƳǴǿչ̵һĻһƬž˶Ҷ羪ʵԾ潻УҶ羹ܽħű˵Ǵ֮⡣
ˣǸϿѡǴɣˣеĻԵҪˣ
ŽԶȥҶ磬ڰߣѡʻ˰Ǵ
˲ϧ£ǴеϽ˷֡
ʱʱѾȥ£ѾԶԶҶˡ


2177 
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ҶԦǴޱߵǿ֮Ϻʱ䣬ڿĪ⣬ں֮£ų档
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Ҷ̤صó֮ģ֮ͨĸӦ档
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ΣҶо֮ĳλĸӦһϲٶȼķ˹ȥ
ĹöķĹ
Ҷٶȼķʱ³˺ܶķĹвٷĹ͸˿ֲϢžܡ
Ҷ粢û˼ٶȣ֮ĵĸӦУܿɵһɢɫ⣬ɽ۷·ңһΡ룬ɺоɽ֮¡
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ǰ֮ĲĪӦɽҶԥɵɽ֮С
ţʲô
Ҷոշɽɽãĸ֪ΣգϤϢԼٶ
񣡡
ԶԶȥҶ緢һɫӰɫӰǷ
ʱϵ·أ¶ѩϸļԳƵǣ˫壬Լ޳Ե˫ȸҩһɢ˵Ĺâ
ڷһϮɫֵۣ̤̫֮ظ棬ϵغһֲӡŷơ
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еԣˮһ㣬ɢ壬ѹҶ绳ʱݵԸоΣգҶɫһ䣬Ҫ·صķƳȥ
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˫۱Ѫɫļٷصغؿϣƿ˳ȥ
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еȻܲ͸ģȫĻ棬
Ҷ㹻ǿ󣬼ٷĹԻٵ
̤ɽߣ
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ٷһִһɫìؿռ䣬Ҷ硣
̫ҲʱɽҶ緢ĹҪһɱ
ٷ񣬼̫췢Ĺʮֵͣż͵Ŀռ˵ϸ΢ѺۣҶϣȴһ˿š
˲編ںһȼպ֮Ѫ֮ģս£ֳĸӭȥһ˺˶˵Ĺ
ţ컯ӳĻ꺣лûٵ񽣣籼ϢĽӣϯǶˡ
Ҷٷ񣬼̫켤ҵɱʱҲڷżҵս
ȻͣҶ޼˻ʵ˵ʵֲйأ˲С鷳
ʯ棬׻ˣԦǺӣҲӽ档
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Ҷ˼ɱһʱʱ˫֮ݵ˼£ȫѹٷͼ̫졣
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һ֮£ٷ屻ĸֲĽ˲뵽Уѡ
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Ҷ粻ΪںϺ򣬺˺֮ȭһȭ˼ٷ񣬵õһȭͷСޱȾɫ顣
ɱһˣҶûͣЪ̫췢͵Ĺ
û˼ٷǣƣֵ̫סҶ͵Ĺȫѹס˹ƣԽԽء

Ҷ罫֮ݵ£ϵض̫壬սɱõ˵ڶɫ顣
йȻգ
ȻɹɱˣҶ£ԼҪСģӵСģпӦʱֵܳΣա
򵥵Ϣһ£Ҷ罫õɫֱ壬ɫ̺۷徳硣
Լʱ䣬Ҷȫɫ飬ƿɶҶ̤۷徳硣
սҶûԥ֮ĸӦɽзȥѰĻԵ
һ·ҶûɽзֿԵȴ˲С鷳
һɾĹľһֻֻµޣ
ΣҶûֳĸһ·ҵɱһȫɱֵõ̺ɫ顣
ЩɫȫȴԼľͣˡ
ƾɫ飬ͻ۷壬ҪͻƣһҪһ
ʱ޷ɫͻƣҶûٵʱ䣬ɫ飬֮Ӧӽɫɽۣ֮͸ƺԼһɢǹ


2178 
ɫɽ֮ϾȻһ
ŲƺеҶ۾ʱһָоԼܵõеĻԵ̤۷徳硣
ƣ
֮⣬Ҷһֳĸȥһ̴ڽƣƿ˷ӡ£ޱȵĵţ߽˷·µС
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߽ޱȿӡҶһȼܻ棬ͷŴĿâ̫Լһ
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ҶûĽʱȴоѽĿֲһָоѽԳĸﵽԼĳ̶ȡ
Ҷ绷ܣУ˺գ£ؽ֮⣬
ؽŽʱǰľͻȻ˱仯һɫۣѩ׺봹ڵϣƸĪ߳ǰסȥ·
СﲻӦĵطȥɣ˽յ˫ŲԶҶ磬˵
õǰѽȻ뿪Ҷʵɲİߣû뿪˼
ȻǾ뿪
б֮ٵһֻޱȾ޴Ĵӡݻǳ⣬ӡҶ硣
һӡҶоΧĿռ䶼˲佫ս£ֳĸӭȥ
Ҷĸںϣ̳һ󣬵ӡĴӡʱȴ޷ӡһס
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û뵽ԲʵƵһƹĮ˵Ҷӡ˵ڶơ
ҶǿʵӲƹҲܲס񱩵Ĵӡ˳ȥڰѪˤ⡣
ǿǰߵսӦü˰ɣ
ҶһøɾѪѸٷһ񵤣ơ
ʱԼٵݸո߸սֵĹ̡
Լһʱ䣬Ҷ»صʥУʵɲİ߼սһ
ȻҶܵ׼ҲֵסʮУ񱩵Ĺɳ񹬣ܵ˱ȵһλҪصˡ
ƼأҶϣûпһ˿ɥ¶֮ϲ
Ȼһս˲Сջ
ȻҲ²һ߲ʵ壬񹬹ݻģֻҪݳ񹬹򣬾ҵ㣬ӶҶ۾һһˣһ߿Լݡ
ֹʱ䣬Ҷٴ̤񹬣սߡ
һȥ
ȻһαһأҶջȴԽԽ
ͨԼݣҶ罥׽ϡ
СȰ㲻ҪνĳˣԲʵܻң
ŵʮߴ߽񹬵Ҷ磬ȻĮ顣
ȴа
Ҷһֳĸ߷мҵĽ֡
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Σʱ̣Ҷ罫ռݵ£ǰγصĿռ䣬Ӳߵ޵һȭ
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ռؽ飬Ҷȴץסᣬ㵽һߣԼ񹬹
Сҿ㣡
ĿҶ磬ƿֲĹһ㣬ݺݵѹҶϡ
ģ
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ͨ񣡡
㣬ҶǿзѳԼſ񹬹򣬱ǿпߡ
Ҷ翿˫ֿٵŤһöĹӡ
ʱ侲ֹ
δȰߴöܹӡҶͻȻֹʱ䡣
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㣬㾹Ȼҵҵ㣡
⵽鲣һ˴Ѻۣɴ˫ۣŵؿҶ硣
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֮ʣҶ罫ȫ뵽ĸУ˳ȥޱȣиһĸ̴˰ߵ㣬һٺ塣
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ʱ䣬Ҷ羪ϲķ֣Լ޷Ƶľƿˡ
񷣣ҵ񷣵ˣ
ƿ飬Ҷо񷣵Ϣԥһ£˳񹬳档
׼ȶɹ񷣣ͻƵ۷壬ȥշؽ


2179 ۷
䣡
ƴ˷ӿϿշͻ䣬ֲ֮ʮĩһ㣬˲˽ʿ
ʲôʲôжɽ٣
֪񷣵ģ۷ܣǻǲҪȥ΢
ѡ˱µɫɽԼٶɽ֮۷ȥ
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񣬲ѴģɽʱɱһıԼеĻԵ
࣬űըԼ⣬һ񣬵Բ۾ԶҶ磬
Ȼ⣬ǱһΣ
׻һ񹬣۾͸һ˿̰֮ɫգðջɱҶ硣
ȻлɱҶպܴ󣬵ҶͻƵ۷壬֣ҲҶĶ֣еĻԵԵ
ʱһһֲĽҹʼŤգռ뵽С
ɫɽѹӰ죬һɫɽ۵ĹľӰ죬Ρ
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ˡ
׻񹥻֮ʣһµĴڿռиӲֵסǶ˵Ĺ
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⵽֮壬ȫ۷徳Ҷģ˰׻ɫ
Ȼ׻Բ´ܣϧ۵ĵңȻҶɼ鷳пܵɽʱ⣬Ҷ޼ǰ㣬ϵơ
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ʱҶ罫ʣ֮ԴԼɫ飬Լǿչ·õ֮ȫ˳̵ֱ˶У֮Щд֮С
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ʹȫҶʱҲ⵽񷣵Ĺ
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ۣ
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׻ΪǱڵ³һѪˮ˺۵񣬵ʵ
ģҶδ̫̬ˣֵ˵£ȻܷȻ𹥻ҪǱǿոһҪҰ
ôӰ쵽׻Ҷɽ٣׻ɫ˵ǵȻ𹥻ҲܣҪôӭӽ񷣡
׻˫˫ˣҶ磬ԶԶضԶˣҶɽʧܣС
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۷ľƿҲϴ£ݺύѺۡ
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ڣҶĺ֮֮һʶģʱڽ֮ѳ˾ƿͻƵ۷徳


2180 ɱ
񷣣ƣ
ͻƵ۷壬Ҷǵһʮڽһ֮Ѫ˻һȭ˴񷣣ٻĽƺ䱬ˡ
ûᣡ
ɢȥ˲䣬׻˫˫仯ǿսֳָ̬ǿҶ磬ҪĻᣬɱ

Ȼոնɹ񷣣Ҷʮֵû޸׻ҪɱҲס
Ҷһ컯ӳĻ꺣֯컯֮ն
ֵ
컯ϮӴбڽٻ˱֮֮ףǰӲ컯Ĺ
׻ȫĻᣬ߸ߵԾ𣬽֯һֻİ׻Ӱʯ׹أҶ緢һ
׻ӰϮҶû㣬£ԼѪ֮ӭȥصײ˰׻Ӱϡ
䣡
ǿײһҶƽһأ׻ӰȴҶȫһײˡ
Σգ
Ҷǿײ׻Ӱ˲䣬ݵԲΣա
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һ̫󣬶Ҷ£ſһ̴
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㲻Ҷ类һؿڡ
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ڽռУֻʣһģӰӵĴڣҶµӦþɱɱ֯ɱ
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ͻȻֵɱҶһִоԼӦʶɱɱ֯ƿߣȻԼɱɱ֯ԩ޳𣬲ӦñǶϡ
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2181 
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2182 
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㽫Ӻ֮ĹõԵңҿԷһ˻ʵĿġ
ں֮ĹõԵǺ֮ͺ֮ģ֮֮ı͸̫һҶɫ䣬ŵ˵
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2186 еɱ
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2187 ǧ׾
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2188 
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2189 
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2190 ϱ
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ӲһȫռϷ磬վԭһϱȴýڽںˣѪ˳źɫսĵ˳
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ϱȶס壬³˹ϵţʯĿռеķӡɶˣһɹɹ˷ӿڽ˶ϱУս
գ֮䣬ϱ߽̤뵽ټϺ֮ѪսҶ൱Ҷ˼в


2191 ͽ
ͽ
ٽǿչ·ʱҶ޼Ҷ磬һĴڣͽʵʮֵĿֲ
꣬Ҷ޼棬һͽ
ͽ޷뿪֮أҲҶ޼ͱɱˡ
ȷϱߵݣҶ⴦֮ĲӦ֮룬һָоϱ˵ĿģػĶԲ򵥡
ⶫǷǳҶ粻ȷ
û뵽㻹ʶϱѿͣʱϵɱ⡣
ô˵гҶ׶ϱߵĻ
ķϻ̫ˣϱĮ˵ˣҪ֪ô顣
˵ţʵڽĶϱߣֳֺɫսնҶ硣
һնֲĵâ޾ĵɽֱӷҶܿռ䣬ֻӲ
˫ڣ
ͽҶ粻Ҵ⣬˲ں˫ֳ֮ĸȫӭ
ҶݻϽ֯ĳ콣âնĵɽײһʱҵĲ
գ֮䣬ĸĽâˡ
ӣƣ
콣âɽն飬Ҷٻײȥ֮Ƶ˶ϱߵĹ

ϱֳֺɫսһնӣʼݻӿķ֮γĿХŶҶ
ϱ߽֮۵򷨿ֲÿвɱ۷սһֵͬܶס
¹齣
⵽ϱߵļ¹Ҷٻ񽣣ʩչյǿһ
һնӳ죬¸ֲ֮һУһХĿն飬նɫ΢Ķϱߡ
񽣣㾹Ȼõѽ
Ϊͽϱ֪񽣵ĿֲսұУҪ㡣
˲䣬֣һģһҶͻȻ֣ΧĿռ䣬ж
ţҶǿоֹʱ٣¹齣Ļᡣ
ͣ
ʯ䣬ݻ£նһ޵¹齣ݺݵնϣֲĽֱƿһն˳ȥѪ硣
һն˶ϱߣҶʤ׷Ѹٷһ񵤣ģǿ񽣡
Ҳʱʧأ׹Ķϱ߷

Σʱ̣ϱʩչ˶˼صĽͨһ˲˰ٱٶȣֱֲײһܿ񽣵һ
Ȼ㿪񽣣ϱʩչͨǼƣϵ͸һĨ԰ס
ҶҲûиϢĻᣬǧڽڶмҵɱ
ӵк֮Ѫ֮ߣսԽԽңϱ¶ټֳ͵ĹϱƲϵؼء
֮
ץסϱ߱ж˲䣬Ҷٻʮ֮ʮǿĹɱ˶ϱߡ
һ޷Զϱ߹вʮһ𹥻Ըϱߴ˺
쾵
ոʩչطͨϱ߶ʱ޷ʩչֻܵǿķ֮ǰγ˷쾵Ӳʮ
ʮǿһ涼ܶ쾵ֵס
̼䣬쾵ĴˣƲʮݺݵغڶϱϣķѪģ
񽣣ն
˵Ķϱ׹ʱҶٻڽص񽣣ںһݻϴһնգն˶ϱϣֱӽ롣
ľɣ
屻ϱ߲ûȥǿĺ֮Ѫ޸ʱ編ƳҶ壬ΡߴĻľѹһϣ֮Ѫ
һ屻ľѹᵽŨŨΣͻȻ˺˿ռ䣬Ѹӵʯء
ܣ
Ҷ籾лѹߵһȴûǽظ˿ռڣʯصĿռС
С㲻ɱңҿԸķ
ߵĲһ⻬羵£һɱȻҶ磬˵
Ҫ
Ҷ翴һص赣о֮궯ʱ֪طʯĻԵ
ߣֱӾܾˡ
㣬ܾңһڵģߴ˵гܵõ㽫Ϊ񡣡
ܲܳģҶ粻ΪĮ˵ɡ
˵ţҶֳ񽣣ݻգ£ռ䣬ߵĲ巢սɱһĺ֮Ѫ
ľҲһеĺ֮Ѫ˹ڽҶ塣
оʢĺѪҶûߵԣ赵ܡ


2192 ɱɱ
֮ģ
һᣬҶٻ֮ģ֮Ĵ赡
ţûзӦѵƭң
Ҷٻ֮ģȴ֮֮ûκεϵ
뵽۾е̰αװҶоԼӦûҶԷϥ֮£Լٵݣ£͸С
ռ䣬Ŀռ䣡
أҶио˹Ŀռ䣬ΪҶ޷赣뵽еؿռ䡣
֪֮ĵѪܴ𣿡
˼һᣬҶ绮˻֮ģ˴ѪҺڽС
ʱ赱ҵĲҶظодһɿֲסԼ壬ԼԼ֮뵽С
Ҷûãˡ
˻ʺɱ
ţˣСӵϢô᲻ˣ
һܣ˻ʵĿص赡
飡
˻ʱһ˻ʽֳ壬޵нݻһ⣬ն赡
˻һ赺޷ӦնѲ޵н⣬նʱȴһ˿۶û¡
ţ
˻üͷһ¶֮ɫ
Ӧö
о赵Ĳ˻ʽս£ɱȫ赡
˻ʣɱ޷赣ǶԽԽľ
еʲôܣ
Ź赣˻ʸоصܷͬСɣɱ
ʱһȥ
˻ʣɱϧĹҹ޷赣ģ˻ʵʵеߡ
ôᣬ赵ʲôʴɣô˵ļ̣
˻ţҲܲסԼҹֹĹȴܳסһˣ赵ļֵ
ǿй޹˻ϥ֮£ͷǿ͸С
˻ʲиŬ괩赣赿ռ䡣
Ȼ޷͸赿ռȴо赿ռ
УҪ취ȥҶõĻԵ
˻Խо赵ĲϵŰ취ƽ⿪赡
û֮ģ޷뵽У˸ַʧˣ֮£ֻɱ
ܿ죬ʱֹȥ졣
˻ʣɱеߣηʱͻȻһģӰӳ赣ݻ޵е⣬ֳ񽣣նɱ
Ҷ磡
ͻȻֵҶ磬˻ʣɱɫ΢䣬û뵽ڹϣҶͻȻ͵Ϯ
ʱ侲ֹ
Σʱ̣ɱٻʱ飬ǿоֹʱ䡣
ʱ侲ֹҶ˵вԡ
һѸײڶ磬˾ֹռ䣬ѳɱռ䣬һ
޿ɱܣɱɱ֮뱾Ѫɱ֮ǿĹȫֵ񽣵Ĺ
񽣵ԶԶɱ֮һ£ɱ֮ѣֲĽâֱɱ壬һնɱ
գ
ɱɱҶʱͶѵɱ֮һ㿪˻ʷŭĹ
ȴδ㿪˻һ顣
Ҷ磡
ſ赣һɱɱҶ磬˻ʺ޵ֱ
˻ʣ֮ĶԹʱˣ
˻ʣɱһʼȫʱҶһֱ赱Ե֮Ѫ֣˻ʡɱ޷ʱԺ͵Ϯļƻ
ȫ˺֮Ѫľ۷弫ʱò׽˻ʣɱߵĻᣬһɱɱ
Ҷ磬ҪΪˣвʣ뱾ΪУעʧߣ˻ͫһ⿪ǿķӡһɿֲ˲ȫָĵս
˻ʽӡ֮ڽʵʱʯߣӶ޵ȭҶ硣
˻շĻʯֲܿҶȣ編ںϣսﵽǳһǧڽ
ԹһȭʯҶһȭˣʧأϵغˡ

оҶ籩ǵս˻¶֮ɫûмֳ˻ʽҶ緢͵Ĺս
˻ʵʵȻôǿ
Ҷ籾ΪᣬԻɱ˻ʣ޴
ҵĽֺҶ緢˻ʵսǿĳ棬Լս£޷ѹ͵Ĺơ
ˣ
˻ʽϵݵ£˻ʽںϣһ˲ն˾žŰʮһ
նÿһâ񷣬նǳ
¹齣
ϯİʮһ޵нâҶٵݻգ£ȫڽУһնȥ
ã
Ҷǿ̬Ƶ˻ʵĹʱĸ֪ΣգܵҪ㡣
˻ʵĹ̫죬ٶȸǿó档
Ҷ㣬Ҷ緢ǴɱУݺݵغҶϣ˳ȥصصڵϡ
Ҷ磬ɣ
һشҶ磬˻ʳʤ׷Ҷ緢͵Ĺ
ɱң±Ӱɣ
ƲҶûӲ˻ʵĹѹסƣԼٶȷ赣˻ʷŭĿע£ƽ赣ʧ


2193 ɫ
飡
ۿɱҶ磬ֱƤӵߣ˻ʷŭѣʯ͵Ĺ赡
˻ʺͻʯι޷˺起ֺ˻ʺ޵ֱȴ޿κΡ
Ҷ磬ִ治ҪֻҪ¶棬ʷĽң
˻ҧгݵķĵʯ⣬óһżСɢɫԵ飬һͷ̵˶Уɫ飬һս
飬ɱǧ׾ߣӺɫõĿԵ
¡¡
˻ػ⣬ȫɫʱһصľϿմ䶼
ԶԶȥͻȻһɢɫâ񹬣ѹأڲݻŸ
ʲôˣ
ʯչص˻ʣֲѣŻʯɳʯ߲鿴
ǡ
ɫ񹬣˻ʵ۾ʱ
ߣȥɫ񹬣
Ȼ˻ʺɱҶ磬ɫ񹬶ûκԥŻʯɫ񹬷ȥҪһʱ뵽֮С
ɫ񹬣ҵݹȻûĳ˳
ɫۣմȾѪյĹǧԶԶֵɫ񹬣
棬˼ɫг峤üëһ£Զɫ񹬣˵
ɫ񹬳ֵĺܹ죬漫ܣǧ˵ͷ
棬ҪҪȥɫ
ʿ룬֪ɫгһ򵭲ĹҲ¶֮ɫ
ǾͲҪȥˣǧҡҡͷʲô˶ʸģ벻ɫʮ
⡭棬˭ļ󣿡
ǧĻոͻƵԲĹ̾Ϣһ
ϣҶ޼ܳҹܵõĻرǧҶ޼ɾžʱ˱ʣҲͳļʸһЩ
ͳǸô죿һֱվһһͳ񽫻֮֡
Եĳǧһ棬Ѿ̫̫ûˣ֣峼ҹҲ⡣
ɫ񹬵ĳ棬ˡ
ͣΪɫ񹬷׷׳أһʱǰɫ񹬣ڵһʱ뵽档
ͬˮеõ˿ԵһٳƿﵽӵĻᡣ
ʲôˣ
һֱԴ޲Ҷ޼ɫ񹬳ɵľ޴Ķѡ
޼гһɫ񹬣ܶ˶֮صҶ޼չ֮أһ
ɫ񹬣Ҷ޼ɫ΢΢һ䣺ˣߣȥɫ񹬡
޼޲𣿡΢΢Щǵ˵
֣ҲζյľսݣҪôҪô
޸ˣҶ޼˵ûеʱ䣬죬֮ɫ񹬡
Ҷ޼˳ſֲĿռѹϵɫʱɫдףҪɫ񹬣ҪͨײС
絽ͣ˻ʣѾʼʵס
ÿһףֲ󣬺ǵ塣
˶ʵͨ죬ԽԽǿǿٵʵףӽɫ񹬡
죬ңʧܣų磬Ҷ뿪棬ҪٻҶ޼һԼֿŮӣ§˻УĶ
޼һҪɹ
Ҷ޼ĻʱöŮ죬֮§Ҷ޼壬Ըɿ
Ǻ£һɽԶ
һģ
Ҷ޼һ֮ûٵʱ䣬һ״̤ͨɫ񹬵ףս֮
һڱ񣡡
Ҷ޼սʱһǿϢɫ£鲼ۣĸɱ񣬴еõԵһ۷徳ɢ޳ˡ
Եɢ޵ľﵽ۷弫£벽ͻƵ
˿ֲս̤ʱȴܲסɫ񹬴µĿֲѹ
ʵǵһ룬ͳܲסˣͻȻǿɫ񹬴ѹѹ壬һѪ
۷弫´ʵʱҪʵ׵ܣǴս׵ͷ죬֮ΪҶ޼
޼һҪɹһҪŻ
죬ֽ֮߬һ𣬿Ų˺󣬼ٵҶ޼š
Լʱ䣬ʵǿͻ׾ͷ֣һ뵽ɫС
ãͽ뵽ɫˣ
Ƚ뵽ɫ񹬣˵ɫ䣬ڴȴ¶˼֮ɫ
ܿ죬˻ʣԼ˵Ҷ޼ͬһʱ֣뵽ɫУ


2194 
֮Ҫȥʲôط
Ҷ֮ģһƬڵĿռмٷУҲ֪˶ãǰ˿˿̹⣬̹ģһСһƬɫĺҶҶſһֻܡ
ܲһֻһֻ۾ɫĺϣһơ
ֻǿһۣҶͱܺϵ
δ·
˵Сӣ㾹Ȼõ֮ģҶЩĽ
ʱſںҶ˯Ĵ˶ۣž޴ͣԡ
ǡ
Ŵ͸ŹĴܣҶ羯ʵ
ʹߣܿ˵õ֮ģԿףֻеõԿ׵ˣܽ뵽̳һС
˵ųҶ۾һɣ¶ŨŨ֮ɫ
гܲյõͿıˣܵ˵ͷ
ҪܵõأҶ簴ĵļʵ
ҶԶ֣ӮңҾȥĹκһ֣Ҷ㡣ͷһԼԵ
֪ҪҶʲô
ȻҶоܵĶľ־򵥣ǰ޷
ܼ򵥣һ֣Һȵ㣬ڶҺٶȣҺֻҪʤ֣ҾȥĹ˵ҲռˣÿӮһ֣ҶһݻԵ
ãǿʼɣҶһӦ
Сӣ㿴µĳźܶ㣬ҺȵģǵЩ㣬˭һʱڣ㣬˭ܻʤ
ƽڼ䣬𣿡Ҷ翴һЩǣ·һصĳ˵
ԣһʵĻᣡܵ˵ͷʮʹشӦ

Ҷһϥ˳ߣݻϵ⣬ߺ㹳͸˳УԼٵ
ܿ죬˳гһֻֻӴ󣬳ͷβĴ㡣
ЩҶݻϵȤ㹳ΧȥϹ
ɣʲôʱ׼ˣǵýңſ죬һĹǷ뵽˯С
Ҫʲô취ܽЩأҶ粻ϵ˼Ű취óһ֮ﵱ
ҶóЩȤûһֻϹ
ˣۣ֮֮ҲЩϹ
˼һᣬҶͻȻ뵽ۣ֮ǿбƳ壬㹳ϣ˳С
о֮۵Ϣһֻֻʱ˹Χ֮Χ
ڣһֻܲס֮۵ջſ죬һҧ֮ϡ
Ϲ
һֻϹҶݻϵ⣬ǿߣ̫ӴޱȣҶ˾ţ֮żѵĽһֻ

׷ڰУͻȻ³ۣ֮䵽˳У˴ˮˡ
׼ôԿʼ𣿡
ۣɫҶ磬ʵ
ٵȵȣҶüͷšһ
û뵽ѶôҪϹףϰѶȸ
ðɺðɣЩ˵׼ˣǵýҡ
֮ԣл𣿡
Ҫ˳㣬ҪϹҪΣ˼һ£Ҷ罫ŷӡǿƵ֮˳ȡһȼĳޣ֮ϣһ˳С
⿪ӡ
֮УҶ⿪֮Ĳַӡ
о֮Ϣһֻֻ뵽УӿȿֺҪҪ̵֮Сһֻ㴥֮ʱ֮ˡ
֮ȻУ
оеı仯Ҷ¶˵Цݣӡ֮飬˯еĴܻѡ
׼ˣǿԿʼˣ
ˣҿɷֱӲ㣿Ҷ翪ʵ
ܵɴ˶ֿۣ˵СǲǷˣȻ㡣
͸ңǷҶ˵
ðɺðɣȻСӲϧᣬǾɣ˵õҪסˣ㽫Ϊꡣ
Ǻãǿʼɣ
˵ţҶ缷һżƷȼĴС
ãʼ
˵ţͷϵر䳤ԳɿռĳУԼͷնϹ
ܿ죬һֻҧס˴ܵͷ

ܵͷдһ뵽У˲佫ľ˰ߡ
СӣôʼѵѾˣ
һֱԼ޶ԵҶ磬ֻ˰ʱ͵һĴŴ˵·Ҷ缴Ϊеꡣ
ֻ뿴ٶȣҶҡҡͷ湻ġ
˵ţҶԼΧĿռ䣬֮ڴУȥ


2195 ܵĿֲ
ӲСӣһ˱޵ʱ򣡡
ܺ޵ֱҶ磬ӵ֮ѪǼߵ㡣
ͷ͸УʱҶ籬֮ʼ
һ̣ܵĶӲ㵯
𾪵ķ֣ҶһȻӴ㡣
⣬ⲻģͷˣôġ
ܣŸʲôץٶȿӮң
˳㣬Ҷ㡣
ܿ죬ڴܻĿע£Ʒ
һȵһջ񻹴һʮһ㡣
찡ΰɣô·Щץˡ
Ҷ׼ʱعĴܴ˺ˣ񲻺ˣһӮˡ
⻹ûأôԷҲ㻹лҶЦЦ˵
ιι˵ôԽͲܸӣ㻹벻ҪĽˣ
ǴܵʳҶһ죬еȫˣʱûʳᡣ
ðɣҿ׼ʲô
Ҷ粻ɫĽƷսǬУûôܸо֮Ĵڡ
Ҹ㽱ǰҪشһ⣡´Ҷ磬ԼѶԸ
˵Ҷ罫ʮޱսǬУʵ
ôģʵ
ոʱдЩ㣬иңȻܵˣҶںߵ
ŪɵأĹĵ˵ñĽͣ
Ų㣬࣡ҶЦЦ˵
Сӣ㲻Ҫţԣ㣡ҧгݵ˵ſͣ³˰˴
Щǣ
һӡǿƵıҶ翪ʵ
񵤣֮ԴٽԴ컯֮ѪһһܵӮң˴ѡһ
񵤣
Ȼٻİ˱󣬵Ҷ˵񵤸ΪҪ
ӵж񵤣мؼʣ̤ʱ֮ˣ
Ҫ񵤣Ҷԥ˵
ãŶˣ
Ȼޱȵ󣬵ڴȴͨͨʮʹĽ͸Ҷ硣
ˣ׼£ǽеڶٶȱԣԾԾԵ˵ҪڵڶлҶ硣
ҪŶ񵤣ԣ
ȻûɢֲϢҶ֪Ա˻ʻֲ̤ƴٶȡ
ðɣǱڵһʱ䣡
ſ죬ʮɳ̵˶УſںҶϣ뵽˯С
ÿֲϢ
˲䣬ҶоĿֲ֪ҪӮ²ɡ
񵤣ˣ
Ҷһ̵˶Уǿҩ硣
ҶȺԴ֮Ѫ;ͻһ֮ң˶񵤣ƿɶ
ǿĶ֮Ҷһδεĳ磬ϢҲ֮ϵǿ
¡¡
Լʱ䣬Ҷͷ˿ֲĽƣž񷣽ڵĿռӳ˼̤Ҷ硣
ž񷣣
۾ԽԽĽƣֱ۾˯
ֲľžҹʼγ˾ž񷣣ĺҶ壬Ҫ
Ҷ̫ǿȫס˾ž񷣵ϴ񣬽ž񷣣壬ȫ硣
̫ˣ
Ҷɽʱܱž񷣿ֲһδξѣΪջ
գŭѵϵر󣬱ɽСſɵذĴڣһڽٻžž񷣵Ľˡ
񷣣
ĿǰһĻҶĺɵùһ£û뵽˵ı뺷һھ˾ž񷣡
ʧȥžϴͻƵҲӲϡ
ιǲ䣬ԹƵҵ񷣣޷ͻҶ翴ɽСͷſֲѹĴܣ
䣡ջ˵ǲ뱻ССɧš
˵ţſͣҶ³һƥ񷣣塣
䣡
⵽񷣹Ҷˡ
ţսǬ㲻ķ˳һžڽС
ںӴѪ֮Ҷ֧ۿɼٶȻָš
ľƿڴ³񷣹£ֱӶˡ
ƿ飬ҶˮɵͻƵ磬սٱǴﵽڽ
Сӣһ¹ʱ䣬һºܷ񹮹磬Ҫͱٶȣ
ϢǣͻƾҶ磬ֿ˵
ã
Ҷ˵ͷһڴӦ񵤣ٵع硣


2196 
һµʱʱ䡣
һʱ乮̣Ҷȫ磬Ҳ˵ڶأһﵽڽ
ܣǿʼеڶ԰ɣ
Ҷ³һſںҶ˯Ĵܵ
ûòСӣҪǿ֮ĵķϣ㵨ҳƺܣһ㣡ջ˵
ˣǿʼ԰ɣҶ翴ĹĵĴܣûٴ̼
Сӣ·ľͷ˭ܵͷ˭ͻʤſͣ³һƥİ׹⣬ڵĿռУһʮ׵Ĺ·
ãǿʼɣ
Ҷٻʱģ˵ͷ
ʼ
һţҵķɼ˳ȥ
ʱ侲ֹ
ܷԾе˲䣬ҶʱԼյʱںһǿоֹʱ䡣
ͻƵҶȫʱʱյʱںһʱγ˫ؾֹӲܶ˰С
ţҶԼУʩʱٹ򣬽ٶ£Լٶ·ͷȥ
ɶСӣ
ŭһ֮˲ʱ侲ֹռ䣬Լٶ׷Ҷ硣
Ҷһδʩչʱ侲ֹ£ܵٶܵ˲СӰ졣
գҶɵ˹·ľͷ˵ڶԡ
ܣӮˣ۾͸ջ֮ɫŷŭϢĴܣҶЦЦ˵ڣǲӦгŵٸһˡ
㡭
ը˷Σ޷ܽҶʵ
ôòҪƤɣŭյĴܣҶϵЦݸŨˡ
Ըķ䣬ߴѡһɣסĵŭ³ߴҶѡ
ٽԴ֮Դ
ߴУҶĴԴļֵԶٽԴʮл̤۷壬
֮Դͬ󣬶Ҷ
Ǹܸ𣿡Ҷ罫Ŀϣʵ
ֻҪһƲлܾ꣬ȻҲãܶҶĳƺ⣬ϸĽܵ
һƲлܸ֪ļֵҶĶˡ
뵽ԼҪܱƴˣԼԵ
գҶѡ֮Դ׼֮Դ徳Բ
īСӣѡ𣿡ܿԥҶ磬˵
ѡˣ֮Դɣ
Ҷ֣ӡһе֮ԴץС
Сӣ׼뱾ƴһʱ䣡
ܽʣµ̵˶УҶ
Ȼһʱ䣡Ҷ
Сӣޣֻܸһʱ䣬һͱƴЩ͵˵
ãһʱ㹻ˣ
Ҷӵʱ飬Լʱ٣һʱ˵㹻ӻ
˯ˣһһ㣡ܴһĹǷص˺Ҷϣ˯
ʱ䣬ٱ٣
Ҷ缤ʱΧʱ˰ٱʼ֮Դ졣
ͬʱɫз˿ս
ΪɫгҶ޼˻ʣͣսһ𣬶ɱ֣ռɫ񹬡
˶ܣҪɱ˴Ѷȼ
˼սȻʱһʵףɫС
˻޵̫һ
еõԵͻƵ̫һƽҶ޼İ֣׵Ļָɡ
˻ʣ
뵽Լˣ˶˻֣̫֮һź֮ĵ˻ʷ͵Ĺ
֪ңһһУڲڶʱ򣬲֣ɱҶ޼ٹƽΣ
СҶ޼в̫͵ʵ޷ɱΪ˳ƻ
֮ĶԹ뱾޹أ
ΪͻȻսȦԼٶȳɫ
Ҷ޼ȱΪʱһɱ㣡
ͲκȾָͻȻߵϵķҶ޼档
ɱ˻ʣһҶ޼˷ɫҲ˫˫ɱ
ܣƴУɫгʱڰٱʱ˰ʱҶ磬˴֮Դ徳죬ﵽ˰˰ڽ
ǿԿʼˣ
Ȼδ̤ԲҶţԼĿǰںǧڽĺԺ棬Կ񲻳⡣
Сӣһ㣡ԽҶԽ˳ۣҧгݵķĵ


2197 ֮֮
ƴĹʲô
Ҷ翴۾ѪĴܣʵ
ֻܼҪңʤңҲԹĺŴ͵
ǰܸܲңﵽʲô磿Ҷ翴ɱڵĴܣʵ
벽񣡡ܺ˵
벽񣡡
Ҷ絹һû뵽ܵսôǿ
ôܳԾƲƲˣϿɱȵġ
ﵽҶʱе˼֡
ǧڽܵˣϻ˵ɡ
˵ţǿ˫͵طһµҫǿգһǣԼٶײҶ硣
Ѫȼգ
編ںϣ
ںϣ
ܼײҶ˲佫ս£ǴﵽǧڽӲܵһײ
䣡
Ҷ˫ȭﵽһʱоһɳ뵽˫У˫һʹӲϵغˣڵһؽӡ
ȻܱһײҲǷͷһԼ˵
ǷʲôҶЦЦԡ
ƨСӣ㣡߳ŭ׳˫ٴηǧڽײҶ磬ҪҶײ飬ɱ
֮ȭ
ܼײҶ򣬺˰Ե˫һȭӲܵĹ
ۣ
һ֮ҶѪӵ˳ȥصˤ˵ϡ
ǿǰ벽𣿡
ܽȫѹͻƵںϻ編Ҷ磬̵ᵽ벽Ŀֲ
Ϊ˻ɱҶ磬ûиһ˿ϢĻᣬ춯صҶ緢͵Ĺ
⵽ܹҶֻԼ·һΡĸɽһδײ˫ۼ飬ǳѺۣѪֲס
Сӣ̫ˣԹԳΪɣѿͣײе˵
񽣣
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫شٻ˳ʩչ¹齣նȥҪ¹齣Ĺն˴ܡ
£ٰ񽣣û㣬ʯӭȥײһ
ʱһĿĻڴܲƵĺ
Ҷֳ񽣣ն¹齣Ȼ˴ܵĹȴ޷ˡ
Ҷȴоһɿֲ͸¹齣Լ˫УԼ˫۷ղס񽣡
ݣ
Ҷǿסʧصʱ廯һ⣬һײҶǰϣײҶֱۣ񽣺ݺݵײؿϣײ˳ȥ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
Ҷ籾ΪԼ̤ںͬΪĻ編࣬ȫлܴܣֺŷ֣벽ԼܶԿġ
⵽ܹҶԽԽأѹƲסˡ
СӣԹɣ
ܿҶѾǿ֮ĩſѪڣҪ̵ϴˢ衣
ң㻹̫Զ
Σʱ̣Ҷ罫֮˳ֱڽ֧ؿϣ֮һ
䣡
ײ֮ʱһɳ֮ͷųɽڴϣֱӽ˳ȥˤԶѿʳѪ
֮飬ô֮飡
Ҷؿڵ֮飬ϳ֮֮飬¶һ˿־֮ɫ
ˣˣ
׽۾еľ⣬Ҷǿн֮ڽȭУ˴ܡ
䣡
Ҷں֮һֲ̫һȭ֮£ռ飬ֽܺףѪ硣
ܱɣҶұۣҲ֮鱬顣
ͨ
Ҷһʩչͨ費֮޸·ӡ֮顣
񣬻Ҫ𣿡
̱ڵϣѪֱĴܣҶ̤žȵزһ˹ȥԵƥʵ
ˣ
Ȼܷ֣Ҷ粢ûƿ֮飬ֲ̫֮Ҷ粻һп֮ٸԼһܸоԼ˵ᱻ򱬣òˡ
㲻ҹˣȫĴܣҶ簵һ
㣡
Ȼвʣ֮飬ܲòЭ
ǺãǿңȻȥĹɣҶ粻˼Ҫǿޱ
ӵҶ͵ڶһó
ðɣ
ܲĵĽ˳ȥҶ硣
һ̣岻ϵر󣬱СɽС
˵СӣҺϣҴȥĹ
ã
Ҷһվ˴ܲƵĺϣԽغɫռ䣬һŻźɫĹޱȳظоؿռС


2198 Ĺ
ĹǾĹ
͸ƮĻԶԶȥҶ緢һģһɺʯ̶ĹݻĹꡣ
ĹϷŴĹƣЩƣҶ緢Щݻһ֡
𣿡
סĵ𾪣Ҷ˴ܣʵ
̫֮ǰˣȻֵ񣡡˵
ΪʲôܻôãҶ粻ʵ
Ϊ⣬һֱ뵽˯УԻʱҪܽ͵
ô˵гĹˣҶ缤˵û뵽õ֮ĵײ˳
ֻ֮һһҡҡͷ
ѵ˵Ե񣡡Ҷĸ˵
Ϊ˵һֻһ˳
ô㻹ж뷨ܰҶһ۵ҲԶ棬ҪɱһҲпܣ㱻Ǹɱ
֮飬һ񲻿󣡰˵Сӣôõ֮飿һ޷õĶΪҶӵ֮飬ܶҶ̬ҲĮ˵Ǳˡ
ΪҶһǾˣѾҵ
һӵг񾳽ҵģҶһ˵
񣡡
Ȼǰ벽񣬵볬֮вԽʵ࣬˵һͷɱ
ʶ񣡡Щˡ
ʶλŮӶͨ˳Ŀ飬õ֮飡Ҷ˵ͷ
ô˵˵һΪ㣡
Ϊ֮ĴڣܶҶĻŲɣǺ²ѡ
Ҳֻг񣬲ó֮
Ҷ磬оԼӵĺҲһ
ڲǾµʱڸңεõ
оԼĻ˴ܣҶȴ˵
ͨĿ飬ܵõܵڣȥǻʯ£һѪʯУܻʯĿ飬ͨʯ飬ܼꡣ
á
Ҷ翴һۿ̻عƵĻʯ˹һѪڽ˻ʯС
ʱʯһµƷ·˹ɾ޴ֱ֣ƽҶС
һ̣ҶоԼˮһʧݻ£ֵסʧ޷ĵԪ
⣬ʲô飿
Ҷ绹ǵһȿ飬뾡һа취ƽ⣬ָûá
أҶںڵͷûףȫƤҲʼɱʢѪϵ˥ߣҲʼή
ԣ編࣬ƽ⣡
ԽԽҶԼݣƻ編ȫػ֣꣬Ȼûá
֮飬ڣ
ۿҶݽߣʼ֮ͨ飬Ҫ֮ƽΣ
ι֮ͨ飬֮鶼޸Ӧ
ܿ죬Ҷѩ׵ͷʼ䣬ȫƤ֮Ƥʼѣ˱ú
ҲȥҪֻг񣬲ܱӻҵˣӻҵ壬ӻ棡
㣬𣡡
ľҶһֻҲ̤뵽ŹأʱҶ磬ȴ̹Ȼ̹ȻһУ̹ȻԼʧ
׷ϴľģ֮ģеһжһ̱ü㣬򷨲֡
Ŭһ㲻ǰһΪԼɱʧȥѪֱۻΪ˷ĩԼ˫һ绪Լٵ顭
㣬𣡡
ߵͷҶȻļ㡣
·ǰһУṇ̀һУһֱģһʵ֮ģ㲻
ҶŬ֧ҲΪ˷ĩ컯Ĺͷ編ȫ飬ֻʣһʧȥͷ­Լص
ԶҶֻʣһԴʧȥϢܶȴû¶֮ɫ·һж֮С
أ
ûãҶԴҲ֮顣
Ҷ糹׵ʧռУҲûˡ
һʱ䣬ռžһƬţڼžĿռУȴԼܸоһ
ܿ죬ʱȥꡣ
Уɫȴ˾ޱ䣬ͣҶ޼˻ʣ̫һɫеõ˿Ե
УΪ˵˻ʣõһӣǿԽ˰벽񾳣شͣҶ޼̫һˡ
񣬱ʱؽ񣡡
ǿƻҶ޼ˣ˻ʵҰһ̱¶š
һϹŵ񽣣һնɫ뵽棬г


2199 
ʱֹȥһꡣ
ǿչ·رջʣһʱʱصĹⷢ䡣
ĹƯĻ֮ͻȻ뵽ĹУĹһµƣĹر͸
ĹԼһӰһ֣·ǿζĹ»ꡣ
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ŽӰ˶ۣ¶˸֮ɫ
ʱ䣬͸УƼСһܳ񣡡
оĹеϢԽԽǿңĻ֮򲻶ϵҶ壬֪ҶͨĹĿ飬Ѿʸˡ
ҵˣҵ˽ƿأ
뵽ĵ̾Ϣһ֮岻ϵطű仯ձ仯һɫȹƤƣŵɻ˿֮еŮӡ
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أĹ˵ѺۣһޱǿĹ𣬶ÿһεع
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ҶԡķˣںĹͻ֮
СܳɫͨĹĿ飬ʸˣɣ
ҶܣָʶʱһֲʧϵҶ𣬽ӳ˯лѡ
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Ҷ³һվ
ͨĹ飬Ҷ編ںһ𣬲ֱ˴ˣǴﵽ弫£Ĺͻ編Խﵽ˰벽񾳽硣
ʱͻȻһ˵ƮҶУ˵ҶŤͷһɫȹŮӣҡҷԸе֫˹
ȻҶܶŮŮӣ۽ǲɵһòʣҶƽġ
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سֵŮӣҶĸ⣬ʵ
ôңŮĵ˵Ҷһʼĸо
ǼҶ翴ŮӾµԴҲ벻Լ
㡭۸˼ҵʱˣŮգŴ۾Ҷ磬˵

ˣһͷߵҶ磬ŮӼ˵˼Ұ׵ˡ
㡭ѵ񣡡ŮԹҶϲ׽һ˿ϤϢ۾ͻȻɵùԲ뵽ݡ
ˣŮһЦǲǺϲϲڵӡ
ŪʲôܲͦõģΪʲôҪŮˣҶЩ˵Ҫ֪Ӳʺ㣬ǱԭӰɡ

ʵӣһʱúãŮĵ˵
ˣԸԸ㣬ȥĹݼˣҶŮϻ̧ȾҪĹȥ
ιι㲻ңŮ񼸲׷Ҷ磬ץ֣Լʵϣԣġ
Ů壬Ҷ粻ûһܣһִĸоܵĳ˻
ˣϿԭģɣĲʺ㡣Ҷ˵ʵ޷ܺŮϵһ
˵꣬Ҵҵ߽ʧȥƵĹţ߽˸оһ˿䣬ǿĹУ˳һȣĹȥ
һ·ֳ̻һϵĻ棬Щ涼һЩҵսЩгͬһˡ
ˣͦɣɫףͷ¹ڣޱȡ
ն̤ģħܡ
Ҳˡ衣Ů첽׷ȥĵĽܵ
ţҶ緢ǰһޱȾ޴ʯţʯϿ̻ŴĹƣЩʮֵҶûм
ҪܴʯţҶǰʯţ˵
ͨĹ飬ӵ˼ʸӦÿֱƿʯţŮ
á֪ˣ
Ҷ˵ͷߵʯ£ϰ˿̻ŹƵʯϣƶʯš
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Ҷ籬ڽƶʯʱһ˷֣ۿɼٶȹҶ硣
һĹҶ粻Ϊƽ壬ȫƶʯš
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ʯűƿƽҶĹҲ֮ʧһɺ֮ʯͷų

һҶƣ߽ʯţһޱȾ޴ʯ̶룬ϥһɫףĲ࣬ȴɽһ˫գûһ˿Ϣòʵӡ
ӵϻһģһҶ֪ݡ
ף衣
Ȼ˺üͣҶ翴ʱǲĤݵĴľѹ벽Ҳ޷⡣


2200 ͳ
Ҷ磬ݼ񣡡
Ҷ绺ߵˡ衱ǰ˵ϣĿͷ
ͷȫģĸԸ
֮飬û뵽㾹Ȼõ֮飡
Ȼû۾ȴһϵҶϻ죬þòɢ
Ҫһ֮ѪҲͲ
˵Сӣɣ֮ķϣҾͲˣ
ˣҶüͷһҿֱӵõ
Լ̳ҵһУ̫࣬Լ̳²ʱҪն衱֮
֪Ҷʵ
а̰ִֻնܳɾңӵгʸ񣡡衯֮նĹʮֵʹܼ࣬ܲͿĵǷ̡
ֲȻ
ն֮ǰиҪ㣡Ҷ粢νնȴһʡ
ǲʣΪʲô衱֮·𿴴Ҷ˼ʵ
ǣҶ˵ͷ˵ԺӦֻһ˳Ѳ񡣡
ô𣿡衯֮˭涨ֻһ񡣡
񣡡Ҷ絹һ
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ҺԪͷϣ̳ҵ²ԻܡԪĴˣΪҳһڶ衱֮
ãֻҪ̳СԪ֮²֮˲ҸףһҶ˵ͷ
ӵ֮飬·κ˶ҪߵøԶпܳΪĴڡ衯֮˵ˣ׼£ʲôʱˣңϣܼ̳ҵ²²㣬ҲԷĵĶֻˡ
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ҶһϥڵϣĬĬصϢ
Լһʱ䣬Ҷ罫״̬ѡ
ˣ׼ˣԿʼˣҶ˫³һᶨ˵
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һƥĽڡ衱֮зѳնҶ硣
⿴Ʋִ󣬵ȴܶʮأǳնҶʱֱӽ壬˺ѣ۵Ҷһ˹ȥ
رģ򷨲𣡡
ҶȻ۵ȥܼ־ļ֣űģŬԼʹȥ
Ϊ֪һԼһж
ݣ
һƳˡ衱壬նҶ磬ٵϵ壬һն
Ҷܡ衱֮նʱȳ˻ʣҲڽšԪ֮Ŀ顣
˻ȴûҶˣľУȫֶΣ޷ɡԪ֮Ŀ顣
ۣ
˻ؿһˡԪ֮鿼ռ䣬ڵϣѪɫ
ǰʱȴһ˻еҰģ׳־һ̻ҷڵһĺˣú
˻ʿʧܣͣҶ޼̫һͬһʱ˿ռ䣬棬Ԫ֮Ŀ飬
ռľռ䣡
ʱͿֲʵƱ¶ţһӲסҶ޼ˣţٻ˿ռľƿռľһ磬ſռ䣬赲ǡ
𣡡
ŷռĿռľҶ޼С̫һҲǿһ˿ռľûĿռ䡣
䣡
Ҷ޼ǿһռľû˲ˣֱֲӽľ֮һĿռľ顣
ץסռľ赲˲ϢͼǿǱˡԪ֮鿼ռС
ಣ
ʧڿռͣҶ޼˼ӿٶҲȥ
ԪĿֻһˣͳȥҶ޼˸޷뵽档
ۣ
Ҷ޼˳鿼ռ˲䣬ԪˣߵķݣӰ׹ڰ˴Ѫ
ɶͽȵˣ
Ҷ޼˲øɾѪȫĿռ䣬ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
ʱֻͿʧܣȻȴǵĿ½
˻ʣ֮ĳޣǲǿˣ
ῼĻʧܣ̫һĿͶ˲˻ʣɱȻ˵
̫һһнپ˰ɣҲǻҪҶ޼ץס̫һҡҡͷ
ãҾһʱ䣡
뵽ͳĺ̫һסеɱ⣬ĵصȴš
ܿ죬ʮһ¹ȥˡ
ǿչ·رգвһʱʱһҶ޼˸е־Ϣڿռ
һ̣ռˡ
֮·صͳҶ޼ǰ
ʵʵķԾͣҶ޼˵ͬʱˡ
ͶóҶ޼˴в


2201 ˻ʵһ
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ȻʱʮֵĿֲҶ޼ȴû׷׶ǿĵƣս£ͣҪͻδ̤ǰɱ
ߣһȺϣҲ뺳񣡡
ͨԪ֮Ŀ飬ó͵ʵҲ췭ظı仯Ȼδ̤񾳣ʵѾԶԶҶ޼̫̫ࡣ
һӡγŴɽӡݿҶ޼˵Ĺ
ۣ
⵽ֲҶ޼ѪߵķݣӰ׹صˤ˵ϣ˲ᡣ
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·𶪵˻꣬ʧǵ˻ʣͻȻٻ˻ʯ⿪ȫķӡֳ˻ʽɱ͡
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˻ǰ벽ƴбʵʮֵĿֲʱͱ£ǿ
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ȻҶ޼˵ĹͣԽ򴩣ȴƾ衰Ԫ֮ɻ⡣
ڼҵɱʱȫռ˾ԵƣѹסҶ޼˵Ĺϵؼơ
СתԴ
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˿ŲԽԽɫ񹬣۷׷ףʱɫ񹬳ܲסͣҶ޼˴սˣӰ׹
ҵɱУȻˣҶ޼˵Ƹء
УΪ͵˻ʣǱʹ̳߱ǹ̴壬˵˸
أɱ۵˻Ȼûһ㹥ͣһ
Ĵһѵ߳ͣ
ŷԾ׹񹬵Ҷ޼ˣ죬֮˵ĵ뵽˵͹ȡ
û뵽־鷢ˣıͶˡ
޴죬ǧ
ʮһͳ񣬵ȴǵĽ
ֲ̫˸æֻҶ޼ʱ̻ɱͣ
Ҷ޼Ǽҵţȱ̤ʱһɱǣǾ壡
˵һݻѸͻΧ뿪
ߣûˣ
Ҷ޼˲ƴعȥĿռ䡣
һսľ춯أһսء
Ҷ޼˼ȼȫѪȫѪƴɱ˼¡
ʱǿչ·رգвʱ䣬޷شͣ߳һ뿪棬ص磬Ҫж߳졣
Ҷ޼̫һ֪ˣˣΪһ°ɣϣܱסĴУѪ
˻͸˺ܶ࣬Ϊʱ̣󳹴˻ȼԼͷһ
ã
˻ǰ벽ȼһֲͶɫ䣬ƴ㡣
˻ʵٶ̫죬޷ѡ
䣡
˻Աˣֲռ䣬ͷһ
˻Ա£͵ˣ⵽صĴˡ
ڡԪ֮Ĵ֮£ͻǳס˻ԱһŻҵĿռ䣬֮زز


2202 Ҷ棿
ɶ񣬻ˣ
Ҷ޼ǿпԽҿռʱͲˣĵ뵽˵͹ȣѰ
̫ˣִأҪҵڴ롣
¡¡
Ҷ޼˿Ѱʱһ޴棬Լǿչ·Ͽ𣬾ˡ
һ̣ռдһǿĴҶ޼δ֮˴ͳ棬Լǿչ·صС
ͣ
뿪ʱҶ޼˷˲Զ͡
ǽ֣Ҷ޼˹ٶȼˣʧС
޼Ǹô죡
Ͷ˳˵
ʮ֮ĳޣһͻƵ񾳣Իǣ壬壬塣
ȳ뿪棡Ҷ޼һվ
Ҳֻˣ̾Ϣһ
ǿ뿪磬壬壬ȴ޷뿪˵ʮֵܡ
Ҷ޼ħ֮ߵȴʱ˴ͳǿչ·
ȴʱҶ޼ͻȻΪûзҶҲûзַ
ѵˣ
һõͷҶ޼в
ģԳʵУһԻų
ʱѾȥԼˣҶٳ
ҹֱǿչڹرգǶûеȵҶ磬Ǿˡ
磬ĳˣʲôɱǣ
δǿչ·رպҶ޼˸оҶܿܳˡ
޼мҪһ£У⵽˻ʵ׷ɱ
뵽еҶ޼ˣʯ滺˹͸¶һҪϢ
˻Ҷ޼޷׷ֻĵıʹ뿪ħ֮ߣѣҶƵ˻ϡ
ѵ˵֪Ҷ缫пɥϢʱ类УһƬհס
ܣ粻ܳµġѵ޷ʵ᲻ܿƵ۽ʳ
ʹϢÿС
ҶӦûѹʱаͻȻ˵ҶˣӦûΪȻɻƿء
ҲܸоɻԵĴڣ˵˵ͷ͵
̫һĳ£ǻ⿪Կ𣿡
õ˵ĻشҶ޼ĵļ̫һ
ǣ£Ƕָɣ̫һ˵ͷȻɻƿشʶ˵绹š
̫ˣҾ֪ս޲ʤģҶ˵
ǳ絽ȥأ˵ǿչ·رգֻҪ˶ᴫͳѵǿչ·еõ˿Ե棿Ҷ޼Ժиֳһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
̫һ֣һæȫռ䣬ܽռһռͨ𣿡Ҷ޼˼һ£˵
̫һܣ벽ֻһ֮ңȫһȫлᶴһ뿪Ŀռͨ
ã
̫һ˵ͷֳ񵶣Ҷ޼ȫħ֮۵Ŀռ䡣
䣡
Ҷ޼̫һǿսĹأԶһС
ħ֮۵Ŀռʱȴռƣȴ޷䶴
ȻҲ²ûǿչ·Ȼرˣȴû뿪绹ǿչ·Уоڿռ޵ѹҶ޼ȷҶǿչ·С
޼ǵȳһ뿪ɣ
ǿչ·ѹ뿪Ҳˣ
ǿչ·ѹ£Ҷ޼޷С֮򴩿ռͨ뿪
ʼǧͶ˳пܳ񣬶ԸһԻչѪȵıҽ飬ȫѰ͵䣬ʱĹƴУֹ̤񾳣Ҷ޼һ
ðɣ·ƴһΰɣǧ̾ϢһϣǲҪˡ
ȻҶ޼ϢͶó»
һʱ䣬䶯ˣĻ̻̣ȴ͡
Ͷóȴʧˡ
⵽壬壬ִ⵽شҲ뵽֮С
綯ڼ䣬Ҷ޼˶еУ㽨ռ䴫ռԱѰͲ֮
̫ˣҪҳ͵ļ΢΢
ͻȻĳһ죬һǿϢʥַӿؾޱ䣬˴Ļ޾֮¡
Ҷ޼ֲԼеõĿԵ̤뵽˰벽񾳽硣
ֹ˼գʼ񣬹ǧҲ˫˫ͻ˾磬ﵽ
Ҷ޼˾벽вԽʵ࣬һ̤񾳣ȻɻĴ
Ѱ͵ʱһذϢҶ޼˵ĶС
缫ı֮ϣ˴ƵޣȾ졣
õһϢҶ޼˷׷׳أͨռ䴫󣬵һʱ˱


2203 ֮
ǡƣ
Ҷ޼˼תϵƮŨŨѪζжѻźƣѪȾı֮ʱѪ֮ϵĲ񷣬ԽԽգ֮˷㼯ڽУŽƵ
ÿֲѹӦþ֮٣;ⱱ֮У
ԽԽɫҶ޼ȷ;ڱ֮С
̫һ֣ǧʼǽ뱱Ѱ͵䣬һԱ֮﹥£һɹ֮١Ҷ޼ӿȣ·һֻֻ޵Ľƣ˵
޼һҪСģʵڲУ˽ŵ˵
ã
Ҷ޼˵ͷȴűͷ
ֹ̤񾳣Իԥ׳ԼһС
ɽѪȾıҶ޼˵ʵе˺ѣ·ѹһһɽ
ʱԽԽĽУʼݻͼЩͼޱȵ£͸ǿҵɱ⣬ϵ֮·ûֹ
ܵӰ죬вϵһˣżٷеҶ޼ˡ
ˣǸµˣ
Ҷ޼ٶȼѰһʱʱڱһµϷɱѪˣǸǿѰҵ͡
Ҷ޼û뵽ǻˣ
оҶ޼˵Ϣʵ췭ظ仯Ѫ˫ʵʵ⣬ǡ
ȻҶ޼˾ͻʮб⣬Ҷ޼˻ǲһĵĸоЩֱ
ǾʵϵĲ࣬⣬;Ҷ޼ľ
Ҷ޼ûΪɱõĻᣬʧܣҪǵҲ
ͣǲģ
Ҷ޼ٻСͷػӦ
ƾĸ𣿡¶һ˿мûճҶ޼ӡһơ
һӡռ𣬿ֲſռ䣬·
С
͸ӡâҶ޼ûǷ׷׽ս£Ƹǿһơ
䣡
Ҷ޼֮ǼѵĵֵסһƣֲѪܲѡ
һ֮ſͣ˾ХŤſռ䣬Ҷ޼ĵˡ
ۣ
һ֮£Ҷ޼˷׷ˣѪ
ǿ̫ǿˣ
ͣҶ޼˲С
ߣ˺󣬵֮ٽ£ðչҶ޼һʼԶԶضˡ
Ҷ޼뿪¶һ˿ЦݣɰѪ֮ȴ֮ٽ¡
¡¡
ֲɫԽԽ㼯һʱһѪ͡
һĺ֮ٽռ䣬͡
֮٣ɫ䣬ϵһµӡγǿĽӡǿ֮ٵ
֮ٺĽʱγ˴µƣ͵塣
ƹ£ͼ¾岻ϵ飬ϣȴһ˿ʹ࣬ϵʩչǿһɽѪ֮У̻ڹ裬Ǻڣ֮ٵϴ񣬳񾳡
̫һ֣ʼǧ񣬽еԱ֮ңȥһ
Ų⵽֮ϴͣҶ޼һ
һȥɣʼҡҡͷû
˶ûã˵ʵðս֮򣬷̫󣬶̤벽СԶʱ֮ٵϴ񣡡Ҷ޼ܾ
ˣ²˳٣ٽԱ֮ңҳ£ҵļ˾Ͱˣ
޼һСģ
̫һ˽öǬָݸҶ޼е
ţ
Ҷ޼պһööװŴԱ֮ǬָһȼǿĺѪս£Сںһ˺˻ҵĿռ䣬Լٶȳ֮С
¡¡
Ҷ޼֮ٵ˲䣬һ֮Сϡ
ȻСȳ⵽֮ҵĲҶ޼˾޴ѹһڿѪ
ž޴ѹҶ޼ûмٶȣ֮УܿͣԱ֮йɽ١
Ҷ޼
ⷢ˲ϿҶ޼˫͸ŨŨɱ⡣
֮ٵϴٻ߱ǹ˳ȥҶ޼
Ų֮һ߱ǹҶ޼ɫ΢䣬һĵƽз
߱ǹֽ̫֮Ҷ޼һƸֵס߱ǹ׶
֮£Ҷ޼СǰС֮߱ǹ
䣡
߱ǹСϣҶ޼ѵֵ
Ҷ޼ѽСֵ֮߱ǹʱֲ֮ٺϣ˲
֮޸
飬Ҷ޼֮޸ðյĿͣھʮ״
̤֮ͣ
Ҷ޼ռƵԱ֮˳ȥ˶ɽе͡
һööǬָ֮ٺʱԱ֮˲ͣһ


2204 
޼
֮⽹ȴʼˣɽз˾ըҶ޼İΣͷųǿ
Դȼգ
⵽ƵԱ֮﹥Ҷ޼Ҳܵ˲ƽһء
ϵȼСеԴԽԽǿ֮٣ȫɽȥ
Ҷ޼ԽԽȫ͵ĴҲá
Ȼʵֲ⵽ƵԱƻǽһأǿ˵ѺۣɫѪҺ
֮ӡǣ
Σʱ̣ͼˡԪ֮ӡе֮ӡǣ֮ӡǣԱ֮ٵ˫ع
ɷ򣡡
֮ӡǱ޵ʱͼǱͬһ޴У֮еķ֮ɽѪУٵ޲ơ
޼㻹ðɣ
ȴ̫һˣҶ޼Ѫ˳ǰĵʵ
û£һã
Ҷ޼Ѹٷ񵤣һԴȶơ
޼ɹ𣿡̫һ֪͵
ռԱ֮ȫϣ̫֮Ҳ֪һǷشҲ֪ʲôơ񵤺ԴҶ޼ȶƣ³һ
ɹͺã
ʼ˳һͶɽʧܡ
̫֮Ҷ޼˲ᣬ̫һ˲֮УֻΧȴ
ͻȻһٶȼӰ֣Ҷ޼ߡ

ͻȻ֮ˣʼ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ȼ͵жԣϾˣʼ˲òСġ
ǶԸ͵ģ
׽ʼ˵񣬲⣬˵
ģ
ʼɵ˵
ɱ֮𣬸ˣҲģᶨ˵
ã㣡Ҷ޼һ˵
ֲ̫֮˾ҹû˵ļ󣬶ͽ֮ӡǣȫס֮ٵϴ񣬲ɱ䡣
Сˣпܶɹ֮٣
Ҷ޼͵ס֮ϴ񣬱֮ٺɱٽɢȥ֮پþòɢ֤ͻӦ١
̫һ֣ʼǧ뿪ߣ
Ҷ޼оԼ޷ֹ̤񾳣ϵ˵
ԸͰɣҡҡͷû뿪˼
˻̫һҲû˳ޣѡҶ޼ս
ʼ񣬹ǧȻҲҶ޼սͬԿͣһϼ縺̫̫ʹ縺һˣֻ뿪
ʼ񣬹ǧ뿪֮ʣٻɫƾҵĲһ£֮ʧһ֮٣͵ϡ
񾳣ͻƣ
⵽һ֮ٹ͵Ʋϵؼأ֮ϴ£Ҳռɱ䣬գͽ衰Ԫ֮ĴУͻƿ̤񾳡
̤񾳵˲䣬һ޵Ƴ壬ֱֱӽֲɫ˺ˣ񷶴һ󶴡
󣡡
ſɢ֮٣Ҷ޼ٻ󣬸ռ䡣
̫һ֣󣡡
Ҷ޼̫һڽУ׼Կͣոնɹ֮٣֮ʽɱ
Ҷ޼̫һ湻ִŵģ̤񾳣㻹뱾ԣ
֮ʧ֮£̤֮ѥӣΧݻ֮Ͷؾޱ̤ͣŻҵգһ˹
񾳵𣿡
Ȼ͸ոնɹ֮٣սδﵽѣɢϢȴҶ޼˸е˿־壬иǲǿҵ֮С
·ԵĲһˣ
ڣǻ𣿡۾͸Į֮ɫѡڱǰأҲǲ塣
ͣǻĹҶ޼Ϊ̶ȼٵս
Ҷ޼ȼ̫һҲһȼ
ںҶ޼ȼյ֮ٵػٵػ㼯֮
ȻȫǣǣҵҪ棬˭ڱԣ
ͫһһצ˲۳һì
һì³ǳµ˲˺֮⣬ݺݵشϣֱֲӽ󶴴һ󶴣شҶ޼ˡ


2205 Ҷ޼
Ĳɺ𣿡
һǣͷشҶ޼ˣ̵ᵽĿֲ
Ҷ޼ոջߵĺͯûз
֮޸
һҶ޼ǿ֮ڽУٵ޸ȱڣ͡
ںҶ޼ȼյ֮󼸽ﵽĹȴ޷˺ͷֺ
ӭĹ̤һ˲䷱ܳƵ⣬ǳ䣬ֱӽҶ޼˺ԶѪȾ񷡣
Ҷ޼̫ǿˣƴУ¶޷Ӱɣ棬պٱ
Բɿĵˣ̫һҲҡˣҶ޼
ߣҰʱ䣡Ҷ޼ҡҡͷᶨ˵
˵֮ʣſͣһ˲ǧﺣ򣬺ϣո޸ƣҶ޼˺Զһ顣
Сڣ
ƵҶ޼СںϣԼСǿ͡
Ҷ޼֣̽ץ
ʯ飡
ۿݻ֮ĴץסҶ޼壬Ҷ޼ʯ͡

ͷʯҶ޼ǿнǿ֮͡
⵽֮˲䣬Ҷ޼㿪֣ʩչյǿһ͡
һ䣬飬ĿռУһƥ⣬أ֮ɫ΢΢һ˿仯
䣡
⵽Ҷ޼ʩչĴɱУͱӲ
ʱ̫һûгߣѸٷ˹ͷ͵Ĺһνˡ
ȻǿʵסҶ޼˵Ĺܵˣȴеܴ衣
Ƕ
ŭˣֲ֮籡壬ݻŸ̬˺Ҷ޼Ĺǡ
ۣ
⵽ͷŭһҶ޼˱˳ȥѺۣһ㱬

һ˲ԽףҶ޼ǰҪ˴򱬡
һߣҶ޼ûҶ޼СڽȭУӲ͵޵һ
أ
˵ȭͷײһ𣬿ֲ֮˲Ҷ޼ȭͷɡ
ۿȭͷҶ޼׹䵽޾ĴУбֹռ䣬ӲסҶ޼á
Ҷ޼㲻Ǻ㲻һֱͱ𣿽챾֪뱾Ե³
˵ţֳҶ޼ߣץסۣ͵طֱӽ۳קѪ硣
ȭ飬۸˺Ҷ޼ȴûкһײ͡
أ
δײϣһȭؿϣؿڣɡ
⵽ĥҶ޼̫һԥһ£ǳ
δǿһǿѹϣһ˰жá
޼
Ҷ޼һ֮ʣʹԶԶش
֪Ҷ޼Σգ죬֮񲻹Σ˹
죬ҪϽߣ
Ҷ޼Խ֮⣬ȴ޷죬֮ɥĴ󺰵
ߣڱǰ˭뿪
żٷϹ֮¶һ˿Цݣָһӣ˲γ޵еѹѹ˶Ůϣֱӽѹжá
ȱɱ㣬棬ôƯĴˣŪҶɱˣ
Сɱ
Ҷ޼һȼСȫžֹռ䡣
͵ʵֲ̫СȫһȻ˽ƿռ䣬ȷ޷˺͡
գ֮䣬ոջָжҶ޼ֱѹˡ
꣡
ץסҶ޼˫ȣ˫΢΢ֱӽ˫ȳקѪܿƵ罦ӿıС
޼
ŲĥҶ޼죬֮ʹѣ˳ǵ۽˳ȾǾס
ˣȰǻŵɱҶ޼֪֤Ǻƺ¶һ˿аЦݣŮ˵
죬ߣ
۵ȥҶ޼󺰵
죬֮͵ѹƣû뿪Ļᡣ
ҶŮѱűͷҪҶ޼һͬȪ
أ
Ҷ޼ʱֺһȭֻʣһͷ­
Ҷ޼ñµɣ
͵ֿסҶ޼Դ¶ײеЦݣ˺ѷʹ󺰵Ůָ΢΢Ҷ޼Դ


2206 ֮ս
޼ȥ㣡
Ҷ޼ԴŮˣҪԱ壬Ҷ޼һͬ
ߣڱǰƿȨһ˲佻֯⣬ƽŮУǽƣԱĻᡣ
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ͻȻָƽĺһޱ޼ʵĿռѺ۳С
ţʲô
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ôܣôжôãеõʲôԵҶ磬Ҫʵ
ͻȻҶʧǰٶ֮׽
һ̣ͽƵ죬֮Լ̫һָж
磬㸸ѾɱˣϿ뿪ץҶĸ첲˵
ʲôˣ
Ҷɫһһɳŭǻ緢ΧĿռ˲ˡ
ţϢ
оҶɢϢԼʤ֣ɫһ䣬¶˲˼֮ɫ
ػ꣡
Ĺʱ䣬Ҷն̳ˡ衱֮ĴУ˲֮飬жɹ֮٣ͻƵ񾳡
ܵҶٻҶ޼ƮſռУþδɢٵ㼯С

ţҶٻ˴ӴõڽҶ޼С
ţ
Ҷ޼ĲлںۿɼٶȻָɫһֳ߱ǹҶ硣
һǹֲ̳籡͵壬ݻŸ̬Ĺ֮ǿļ¡

һǹҶٻһҫŰ˵Ƶ񽣣һӭȥ
ǣ
񽣽߱ǹⴥһʱ߱ǹ⴫һһɳ͸߱ǹֱУֱӽԶ
ܣôͻƵ񾳣ôܳ񡣡
̵ҶĿֲ¶˲˼֮ɫ޷ʵ
Ҹ׽ˣαҸ
ҶһŮԼǬٻ˳Ķ
İҶһ㸸Ů˵ͷ֤
磬ͻƵ񾳽ˣ
죬֮ŮҶĳƺϲ
ţѾͻƵ񾳣Ҷ˵ͷĸףȥԶңȥǱ𣬽ҶŤ͵Դ
˵ţҶֳɱɫص͡
Ȼе߱ǹԪ֮Ҷеİ˻ȣвٵĵȼࡣ
ײһ𣬰˻бֱ߱ǹֲ˫۷飬ˡ
֮Ϊãڣ
ͬΪͷҶսԶԶسԼǿ֮뵽壬սڽ߱ǹС
ǹ񣡡
߱ǹп̻Ĺȫʱʹ̳һǹҪһǹ̴Ҷ硣
Žɿռ䣬ǹâϮҶû㣬ְֳ˻ӭȥ
¹齣
һɢĺգһƳҶ壬ݻײʹ̳߱һǹ
䣡
ǿײһ𣬱ռ仯Ϊޣòӿıˮƾ
ۣ
ӲһҶ˿ȴףѪ
Ԫ֮ӡǣȫںϣ
͸޷ʵѸټˡԪ֮ӡǣǿӡ֮ȶƣս
ûõģǡԪȲ㣡
˲֮飬Ҷսﵽ£㡰Ԫһܻ
䣡
Ҷһ̤˸ո޸Ŀռ䣬Լٶȳְֳͣ˻񽣣͵Ĺȫѹơ
оˣоˣ
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ҶѾﵽ£ǸܱģɣŮ
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ķȻֲҶ˵ȴκεвҶɻ⡣
꣡
Ҷһնգе߱ǹն룬ݺݵնϣƿֱӽӰն䵽˺ˮ˴ıУ׶һ֪


2207 
ͱҶһشȴӿһɿֲϢϢͣڱӦȥġԪ
ţѵԪ֮ûɢ͵ںһҪ͵õˡԪ֮
оɲͣϢֲ֮Ҷв²
㡰ԪҶ綼£Ҫ˵֮
޵ս޲ʤ
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