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ݼ飺
ϣ¡ĲΣģҽҽҽҽҽһģһǣȻ䣬ȻĪУ



ȫǷǧգñһʱһССһǾȻûץסңǵǸʲôԵģô򽭳񽻴ô֯Ҫץסȫҹ
йֳӾãɫ࣬Ŀ罣һɨӣ˶Ծͷ
Ȼʢĵ˶оڱѩҳ
Ӿ˿ϧյ˵ѹƲסеŭ𣬲˵ڿ־壬Ϊһǰ£ͱһ¨ӣ
һǰĹ㳡ĳڣи͵˵ǮʱһСˣСͺһ壬͵Ǯأǵ£عЦеСѣ˵С㿴ˣ
ⲻص㣬صǸɱȻСʱõƬСߵϸһʮ֣ԶҲŷСڳѪ
Ҳ˵СŮˣ
κμͥ˵һĵ𣬵ʱһʡıڳɹͽ¸˳ȥϰպߣӾҪʮСʱڰץ鰸
ڹȥһڣǸ˼ʧƵģҲѹӾˣ
壡
ʱٵ𣬾Ļҹ඼ͻͻ쵽ɤۣ亹ʸͣ
Ӿæӹ绰
Ӿ㻹벻ˣһˣһСС㻹ûץסǾȫǷͰҪǲˣ㻻ˣ
绰ޱϣǽʡʡίӰĵ绰ӾɫޱȲҰףȻڶͷϰ˲ӳǰ;ˡ
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Ӿͼ䣬ǶԷûи˵Ļᣬݺݳ𼸾˵һ仰ɫ䣬ȶֱ㶼վȡ
飡
ҴűҰƿ˶תͷ˭Ҳ̫˰ɣȻʱðȻǵŰ
ҵ֣
ǵ嵱˵ʱ˶һҵ죬ɣ˶ǿΪ˼һ㣬ۣ
׳
Ӿæ˹ȥϺʸͣǽĳ˾ԱΤǰͬʱҲһݣǾǸеСŮү
ΤǰֱӾľߵϯǰƽĿˣÿ˶̧ͷĵֱ
˵кüΤǰֵµıǾתɲһССʼץĻȥԼ׳
һӵүݣǣһҪǸץ
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ӾܸӣҲв˵ʵߵλΤǰҲ˺ܴ׳ŮԼĵϳô£ֱڻûнǸץס}Ļţ
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Τǰޱȱ䣬һ뵽Ǹ۵ޱȿɰŮôĶڵѪ뷢йַй
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Ӿžһһ˵ʲôǷϻֻо콫Ǹץܸ׳һ
ǸʯƵģʹǽȫ޵ץס
˵ӾλúѱסһССôľһһڵʱ䣬˵ʵֳɨأϾʱǱ֤ʮСʱư
ңʡίӰǱ͵ʡί˻ᣬһССӶ첻ãҪ㻹кãɴλ͵ˣ
Τǰ䣬˭ǰţڶսǽǹֱҪһ
һڹȥӻûƣ˵ʵΤǰеŭɽһ㣬ͿҪˣϾ˭£ܲס
ҽԺѾ֪ͨ飬СŮɰС޷ϣҲ˵Ժ󣬡ʮְ̺۽һֱСŮϣһһСŮ˵ǺĲ̣
¡һΤǰȭͷݺϣһʱٴξ˶ٶ
죬ٸʱ䣬ҪǻƲ˰Դȥץˣ
Τǰ۾ƺð˳ҵĻ⣬˶ͷѾʪ͸ǵҪͱˣĵ׶ֱ


001 ҽƭ
Сã꼸ˣʲôְ
ʱڿǵĻϣЦеضŶСŮ
СŮӣüĿ㣬۵ĺܿɰֻЩ޾ɣڨСץԱߵСк
Ск嶯˶Сָ̧Ҫ˵ֻء۰Ϸ˷СԴǱţģȱݣƺ
Сģǵĸĸʮ꣬ɫ㲣˿ĴڨɽЦЦû˵
СŮգŴ۾СקŸڣĿʮֲ⣬ΪʲôҪԼ˵
СãҪ£ǲǻˣ
ʱԱߵЦǺǵĿڣɽЦ磬ȥǣ
۲ǰһӺܾˣ˿̼˵ҲʱĿ˿ڣ˵ʼԼĹ
ɽ˵ͷûпڣʵӣɽﳤˣʵȻ˿ﷳ쳣ǿ˸Լ˵ֿ죬¶һЦݣЦЩˡ
磬ӳɰҪӾͺˣ
СŬŽɽϵҲ࣬Цݣ͵֣ٺ٣ִһˣź찡
磬ҿôȥҽ𣿡ڣһ׽СͿʼԼ⣬Ա߿ţС껹Ƴһۣев֮Ũ£Ȼûùӳԡ
˿̣ҲˣСǻϵصصһҽƭרſˣҵҲЩûмˣ⻰һڣɽͿͷ̾Ϣһ֪ʵϹˣҲûв֣ȿСһɣ浱󣬺٣ôļߡ
СˣʹҪ֪ǿӵĿɶǱ˵ľǮ˶Ҫµû˵˿ˣһͱĿʱ׼һϣСĵ˵ͷָɽ
磬ҪҵĻҾ͸ӿ˵ʵţЩϴҲ˺ܶҽ㿴ЩЩƬܰﵽأ
˵ţСͳ˼ƬӡĶǴ״ӵҽɽ۾ðһȵĿ⣬ѵ쿪ˣԼһˡ
С磬ʶЩҽ·һݣɽòԼҺʲôװףСӵľأСͷ㾡ܷģڻˣǾ˵ԵĺǾҵĺӣȸӰѰ
˵ţ֣͵ɽҲϣϾһӴҲС飬˲Ӧòƭӣ֪ƭдƭء
ţ
ѹСüͷͬʱ۽עɽɫ仯һУԹɫıǿ¯࣬Ȼ⼸Ҳӵôˡ
ôˣɽͷһԵĸŮҲ¶ŵ飬ʼûп˵ȻԼҺӾǵˡ
Ӱ
СС꿴ǽŵ飬ͷһ֣ϻװһϧӣӵĲΰ
ɽͷӵĲҪǺΣҲԼҵķ׼Ͻʡʡҽˡ
С֪ͶСŲˣԱעţҲòСб츳˵ǽһ¯࣬Ҫûмˣһһ׼
ӵ̥˰С׼úñһǵһڣɽɫȻһ䣬ƥģС굱ͷһѵԼˡ
˿̵͵֣СؿǱݴˣ˼ҺӸͲҿôճ
ɽСͲͬˣʵ񣬿ûСô໨ӣһΪ˿ҲˣһǵصصƭӰ
ƥģˣѵӲȱݣǰľ飬СƨһɵӰ
ž
ʱСԴȻһƣֻһŹװ˹ʮƣŴһ߷Уɫ࣬ݺСһƣŭƭӣעܾˣӵľǮ㶼ӣ㻹ǲ˰
˵ţ˼ƣͷһҲһƭӰ˫ɣȻܾǵĵڶ׿˼ƻˣ

СϽ·ߵʱ򻹲һۣ˵˶ᰡƥģԼȻҲп۵һ죬˿С˵жˣпƭԼ߳ɣǾֻ˰˿̱жѻˣѼۿҪȴˣ»˭к顣
λ̨һɣ˵ţûҡͷԹԵɽֱӾͿżɽλϵܣҿӦǴˤͷײڵԲűӣ
ɽһ㶣ԭк飬ϾղԼ͸ǸСƭˣ׼κˣǡôһ۾ͿԼҺӵĲأ
ԱߵҲЩ죬жҲЩˮƽʵҪˣ
Ҳò˵кСϵĺܺãĺ׼һ׼ƻ̾ϵڶ׼ƻлЩӣ׻˵å£ǻ书åˣҲͬҽƭҲǿһһ׼
ϸ磬㡭ġɽĶЩ˵ˣɫ£ϵܣϸΪЩˮƽȸӰѸɣ
ʱҲΧ˹뿴һǲˮƽϾ;̫į˿ֿԴһҲǼõġ
ɽ͵ͷ
ָںӵϣǶ飬ɢʣҲЩһҽˣȻ˭̬
ˡȥϷʵ̫ϧˣҲò̾һΪҪǲ֪еĵϸԼҲᱻӽȥˣ
ӵӦǰˤͱģ
װģջ֣˵ôһ仰ɽ̾һ䣬Ͻץסе֣ᣬ٣ҽҼҺӾǰӵģҽ
ҵ֣
Χ˵һҲ̫˰ɣӵòʱ䶼֮׼ǲҽʲô£˶ͷˣӦҽҲԼһ£ϾҽѰﻹзŹĵ


002 в
ҽ
ɽץһݣΪбֵʵ̫ˣӵĲڻϸû˵Ҳǵһμ⻹ҽʲô
ӵȷʵǴˤͷײڵϵµģҽҲ˵ˣ˵ҪƵĻҪںӵĲϿ׵װʲô֧ܣװ֧֮󣬺ӵĲӾͿˡ
첱ӵ⵹ǸˣӲתȴûнεĺ粻أΪ˭ҪǲСšקһºӵĲӣͻ¸Ĵˣ˵Ӿʹϡⲻǲ˶ǽǽߵǽ
ҹѣݸӿһҽ˵Ҫʮ򣬵ʱ;ˣʮ򰡣һӶûмôǮǺӾӣָռҴڽӴأ˵ʲôΣֻñ˼ķ׼ʡҽԺ
ڣȻһҽҪҽһ£˵ܸκأллأռҵˡ
ҽ
ɽץסе֣вŭҲգʲô˸Ǯ͵أ
ӵĲ
ѹѹɤӣһʱĻк⣬̾͵ӵĲҲǲӵ⣬ֻҪҿһҩһ£ӵĲȻͺˣ
ҽҪǮأ˾Ϳʵ
룬ϵܣϸ˵ʵŷҼ洫ģҪǿĻϸҲҪˣֻҪУ
򣿡
˵һƥģǮδ̫˵ɣƺ׼˵˼Цأ˵䲻ĻϵҪǴȥҽԺҲǶʮϣҲþκá
һҲǣҪ㿪˷Ӳκô찡Ͼǿ飬һ˼µĹأ˾ͶһۣʹҽǡδҲ̫һɣ

ɽҲЩԥеıӦǸҽûҪͻȻó飬Ǹûʲô𣬸οҪһӵĲڳҩ󲻼أ
мɽԥӣ׼һѻ˵ϵҪǲҵĻǾˣʲôû˵
˵꣬׼ߣһʵɽɾͻˣһǶʮ򲻼κãһӦκãأһҧ׼ڡ
ҿ˰ɣ
ʱվܴ󣬼ΪͻأͿһƥģԼݵôۿǮҪˣСƨʲôְ
ѵλСʲôⲻɣƤЦⲻЦ۾ɢһ⣬ǮǾǸɱ˺ûʲôеŭڵľȼˣ
ҵûʲô⣬ƭҵ֪ģ
ʲôƭӣҵ֣
˵һ꾹Ȼ˵ҽһƭӣôܣϾղŵһĻǿʵʵ˰ҽôƭأ

пЦһ˦Сᣬ˵ƭӣʲôݰҪǲ˵һɾͱˣ͵ŵȥȲɣ
вòհۿǮҪˣȴͻȻôһӣʹҽɽҲЩˡ
ǰС磬ô˵ҽƭأղǿĿðѵǶۻ軨˲ɣЩ˿ڣǸת۰вһյĵ
˵ƭƭӣ˵оͿЦ˵ƭҾƭӣһ˵Ǹɵأ
۾ﶼðˣƥģɱСӣôʱðأѵ֪ҵĺ𣬴һҪɫơ
ǰСӣЩɲ˵һҽǿûкùӳԣȰϾǿǳţ»һҽɾͲˣǻҽԼһأ
ɫһƽ۾УЦҪҽԼòôͲ֪أ
ʲô
һ㶣ԼҲһԼòˣܰԼÿ춼ǺóԺúȣôòأƥģСӣȻң˻𳵣Ӳ㼸ȭͷ֪ӵ
С꣬ѵҲһλҽȡЦлвһ˾ЦΪֱڿЦ
ֻһҽ
ЦЦ˲ţͿЦ壬Ҫ㲻ҵĻһźݺһʳָԣ
һ˵̾ԾԾԣҲɫһ䣬ѵԼвһСӸˣܰɣҪ֪ҽƭһУҲ֪ǸıǮϸһأʲôëûа
ƥģСӵڸӿЦŪһİʱ˿̣˻ȵĿ⣬ҲܵˣҪԼвǿɾͲˡ
ҽȻС˵вֺηһľвأҼʹûǾСҽʱҲ١˿ڣ˵ĺоԥһ£ԼҪҪأ
ƥģֺη˵ģһԼľвأҵﰡһֻϣСװŪԼǧҪòԼûܺأ
̾һվ˳Ҳ֣˽ʳָһеʹûʲôëŭɣҪ쭣Ц˵Ǻݺ󣡡
ͰС˵İ죡
ҧгݣ۾ݺݶﰵСӰҪûôճҪ֪үֻۿɲǰ׳ģŭأɾʱɫȻһ䡣
ҵ֣
ֻһͬʱֻе񱻸һƵģһľʹ۵ǰһſ㿪Ǹ˵֣Ȼɫɷףž˵亹ֱ
ɣ
Χ˾ɵˣɫͺ󲡳Ƶģѵвʱ˿ĿͲһˣ˹һ㣬ǿһ۾֪в⡭СӲǸƭӰɣƭƭ

ʱЦǲܾȣ
дʱĻлɣʵǰԼûмˣĵľʹԼղŸУﻹм٣
һֱӣڴ̧ӣ˲ϵ亹ɾʹⱲӶˣһܵ˵ģ͸ղһ£ԼоϣСһ롣
㡭㡭
˰죬˵һ仰ԼǸҽƭ˼ҿһҽҲˣԼȻвҽԺ鲻Сӿһ۾ͿˣɫǱֱ䣬ϷƵġ


003 
ʲô㰡вǸҽǴˣ
˺ܿͷӦ׷׳ղŲһһƭӸƭˣҪеСӳ𳡣ǶҪӽȥˡ
СӲʱͺܹŹˣһ۾Ϳвǿɲҽ𣡵ǸղһҽƭǿɲűˣһԼֱƭǸôأ
ںܶ˾뵽ˣղеԱߣһ˫أͲò˶һˣϾỹ̫˰Լʱܻᱻƭ
ʱк޲һطȥƭһӣûбһ̼ʹǽҲЩˣߣԼвҽԺ鲻һжҪСˡ
Ǹղš
ֻеᣬⶼǸʲô°ôԼ͵òأҸղǹɾʹļ䣬һһⲡҪǲκãԼʱһŶʱըҲ֪һƥĸˡ
ң뵽˸ղĻǲоȣǾ˵ԼҪǲεĻˡ

Ҳ˼ˣԼҪ˻ҪʲôӰǱҪһӹ˵ϣ˵ǰȲ֣ΧһʱɵˣδҲ̫Ʒ˰ɣ
һ뵽еǰСһҲȻˣϾһлԼҪҪܹҲܷһС
СӣǸҽ
һѱһӣΧЩˣ˲˫ɰѵСһҽɣʱ˿̣˾Щˡ
˿̵ɽҲ췢ʵ̫ˣһ۰ǸСƭԱ𴩣иߣΪԷҽҪأֱˣΪҽţɽֻԴһŽС۷Աȶų˵ģʲôˣ
֣
ȵְԼС˼أֻҪԷǱҲ֣һʱЩЦãҲ̫ˣҲˣϼһ˼ҵľǮƭһҪεĿ
Ĳһεģ
˵һΣɾͲˣʲôʱΣΣ󻹲˵㣬㵽ȥΰɣ
ģ̧ԴҼӲҹȥ͵Ȼģٲֿɾû˸ˣ
ĻﻹҲֶ֣ԷɾҪˣǸʱ򻹲Լһ
СӣеĲĺ𣿡˿ʵҪһϾֵ̫ˣҪһﲻ˫ɣǿɾҽˡ
ȴûлش˵Ļ˵үӣҪû˵ĻСķָӦǶϵİɣһͺʹʹȥ
ʲô
үһҵүɣСһֻһ֪û˵Сһô֪أţҽ˰ɣ
˵үӣ콲Сҽ˵ĶԲ԰Աߵ˶켱ˣү㵹˵仰һֺ壬ү̾˹ѹ𾪣ͷССҽ˵ûֱ˵̫ˣǡǿ𣿡
үӲòֺͷսʱһڵŪģʹһӣһǼֱǵظһΣʹļֱȥڱСҽһƣϣܲġ
ȻΣҸ㿪ӣһһΣһھͺˣ
˵ţʹԱ߱ͳһӣߣৼд˴ҳ֣ԱһжƯ֣ôһֹǾӦòƭˡ
Ҳƣ
ʱһСҲֻһɨڱдҩ˵ͷҽŵ׻ҩһΣͺˣ
ҵ֣
СӵһųˡOͣҽ̫ˣԷֻɨһ۾˵ԼĲ飬̫ˣԼоˣæӹݹҩݺһڣﻹ֪Сҽ˵ˡ
ţҽ
ҽҲƣ
˶ܵˣǶͨСϰգƽʱôûиСëûëҲҪҽҲǷδȻǡ
һһҪżҪţʱоȻʼò˼أ˲ɷһۣƭӣ˻𳵾ͽ͵֣Ժôƭ
ɫһ֪ԺԼ϶ҪһˣҲôѣֻҪСӽԼκã˼ô˵Լôá
ô䶯̾ͽԱ߳˹󽫳˾Ҳ˹һﾹȻ˸СҽǻˣϽ뵽ûпŵĲȻͰų˿źöӣʵҲǳϣСҽԼҲһƣЩ˿ͿɲԸ⣬еһվҪ³ˣϽƿɾûлˡ
һ˴ǰ߹ֻǿһۣ˵ϼ仰Ϊ󲿷嶼ܽûʲôë
ܿ죬ڳĴ󲿷ֳ˿;ͱˣʱɽҲ˹һʼ˲ģѾ֤ʵҽˣﻹܴһҪҽԼĺһơ
˿ҲΧ˹Ҳĳ˿ͣ඼棬ڳĳ˿ͬ飬Լûأֵõǡ
ҽȾӣɽϰµģԼӦЩ͹ģԥ˿ڹˣƢΣҪֿ죬Ҫˡ
ӵĲһΣҪһ׼
Ļɽһ£֪ʲô˼ӣͽһ£˵ƵĹУЩˡ
ɽæֻ֣Ҫκãҽ㾡ܷȥΡ
Ҳ𣿡ʵ
һ㶣Сҽʲô˼Сֻǲϵ⣬һʵϰҽҲβôҽﷴأ
͵ǼλñȽ⣬Ѫߣֱͨͺ⺢һʱˣһҰѹͷѪȻһʱԹͨСȥһʱ䣬Ѫ֮ͨ󣬾ͻѡ
һǵ漴ҽǿǼʶˣֱǳ뻯˵ôأòȥ;Ȳ˰ɣ


004 ̨
Ϻǣְ
һΪ̶ͻأΧȺھͱܴ³ƿ˻ûüأͿһޱȴֿĺӵ˽˵Ļ̱ʻضӣһͲʲôˣǿɲ¡
ڴֿӺ棬һCӣ˴ҡڵ˽ݸбˣǶڸʲôأ
û˻شĻһͲʲôöģ˿ɲմȾʲôǷǣ񶼷βϣĻܵǡ
Ǽ˾ȻԼݸӵŭˣƥģǶư˰ǻأŭҲ̫Ƕˣôھأ
Сӣûڡ˿ȥˣֹǻû˵أǿ຺ӵĴȭͷ˹һӾͽɣһըˣŵģǻûмôŵġ
ӱ죡
ըףһɤӳ˺ĶЩĿѣҵ֣⾿ʲô˰һɤӽӵ඼ųˣѵǴ˵еʨӺ

ݸӰ˰죬ЦǾƲԳԷƣǻǿǣڶӹӻҪԷأ
̫ˣ
˵Աߵĳ˾Ҳȥˣһ˾˳Ŀ罣һĶˣʲôƾʲôˣһˣúý
ƾ㣿
ݸЦŲ̰ľ˶һ㶣ҵ죬⾿ʲô˰ſڱտڶӣѵͷܴ
˾ҲֱģôǰɲܷҪȻľͲҪˣ˻ˣҲʲôͷ˾ǲԣ˷ǸһˣҲˣ˴ߺҪͷֱܴӷˣԼ϶أɲһɧ
ƾ㣿
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˵СҽδҲ̫һɣѵָγ֣Ȼ뺷Ĵ첲ͱжˣ档
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俴Ǹݸһۣݸӵǲһҵ죬쾿ǵλ·˰ȵӰݵĻ𺳣漴ŭˣƥģСӸҵţÿ

ٴŭĿݸһһһףԴǺߣûܹأƥģ죬СӸҵţ˵ʵڻ治Ҹ֣ҪǱԷԼ첲Ҳж˿ɾͲˡ
ȻҶ֣ҲҹҾ͹Ϊ˭ֲĵֲ̣ǳ˾
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Ǳٴ˵ʱɽȴ̧ͷ۾ȭͷ߬죬һͷµҰޣ㣬ɱҶӡ

ʱ򣬺ĸҲӦ˹˹ȥţССĽţǷһ㣬ʱҲ￩һɣѵˣҵ죬Ҫִˣ
ƭӣƭӣҪҺӳ£Ҷ㣡ɽ۾ͨ죬ɢҪƴɫˡ


005 ץľ㣡
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ûֱǻ˼ҽǺӣΪʡôҽҩѣȴԩҪǻǲ˰
һŮȺ˽ʵڿȥˣҲǹԷģһдͷβһ飬˼ҽ˵˶ٴˣŵʱĸľȥ˵ĻҪҽĻֱӾˣﻹȥǣ
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괳һ˵ͷҲ˵ͷڲǲҪҽĻҽղڶǰҲѯʹǵǡôأ
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һӾıǿеļˣҽֱǳ뻯ҽʲôһҪСӸùϵһõõ˼ҵĵطأ
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ʱܲ۵ݸӸղŻΪԺݺݽһأȴû뵽СкȻ˹žž죬βա
˵ʲôأٸ˵һԣ
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ҪߣΪʲôҪңУܻҪķߣһ֣һӾͽץ
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ڿݸԱߵʱͿһˣôҰݸӻȻ

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ʱЩû׵ĻûаｫʱըɵˣһʱȻ˴ôأ
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ʱðɣƥģүûܹļаأҪǵӵĵǺÿȻҲҶ֣ԮҪǶǳԿľԼһ𳵵ǻСʱСʱ㹻ﰲŵˣ
ҲãŭǸңҵѵôˣǽҪǲҸ˵ȫߣǷԺ
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ڣ귴Ӧ˹ڵϵİ꣬ɲǸϰȫͨôһƤߣ
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ݸҲһץ첲ֱӾͱжˣҲӲˣͿͷһǿЦ㡭Ҫʲô
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ֻϣԼ½±ʱ·ϽݸӸҲ´ˣ
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007 ͬ
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ΤǰûôԴݺһֱƽӣЩ۵ļһﾹȻֶԼŮϣܲһ뵽ӨӨƯɰСҪӡϡʮֺۼľڵѪ
޷죬ֱ޷죬ּңﻹûйҺͷɣûеӸû꣡

ϵļȫڵϣʢŭүһŭ춯أҲҽҲ֪׳еּҿܾҪˡ
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ҽ˻𳵺һҪҸӣǵúóһ٣ȻһӶİˣ
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ҽƣ㵽˭գգ۾ʮֺĶԼ϶ԷȻϤҲԽԽǿˡ
ҵȻҽˣ
΢΢һЦԽԽȤˣҲû뵽Сʱͬʱ찡ת۶ˡ
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ŮѵңٺһЦ
һ㶣ͺݺݵһۣԭΪǸ˾ӣû뵽㾹ȻǸαӣ
Ŵ죬ָָԼ˵𣿡

ЩǸҽôô컬డҪۿιһôæŲأ
꣬ĲʶˣҺÿ̾˿ʮ־ɥ৵һ¾վ۾˼Ŀˡ
㡭ǻħˤħǻħأȴһ˹ðð㣬û뵽ڳˣˣ㶼ȥ˰
һӾ˵Ļȵϣʱ͸оԼ˸¯еķӦҲˣԱߵÿҲĿɿڴĵȴѣҽҽ椵ֶҲ˵ã
꣬㲻Ҫòãô˿أͽơ
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ŷӦҲߺͺݺݾĶ䣬ҧгݵħҿˣ˵Сʱ㷭ȹӵô㣿

һ£ǶСʱˣԷôǵæģ꣬ǸʱǲС˵Ҳܵѵ˰һ׷˰أ

ʱЦѾͷƢԻô֣Щ㡭֣קҶ䶼챻קˣ
ק˺ãħǴҿɱ㺦ˣҿɱݺһ٣ǵĻ
ðɺðɣҲã
Ͻģ֣ݺݶŪܲڣСѾͷƬӣѵ绹㲻ɣ

˵Ŀڿжײ
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˵ͷ㵱ȻˣҪȻҲᶼ˵ǻħˣ˵ģ궼ȥˣ˺һ˺üأ
̫ˣЦЦûϲأڿǾֳǧ̫ˣλͶģҪҰ
ȴһʹߣҿˣһģ̾͹֣Сллˣ

˴ЦСʱʱ⣬ǣ˴˽ķֱһʱЩˡ
ιιôˣȻ֪ҳĺ˧ҲòôҰ˻֡
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ˣЩ˼飬СʱҶ룬ʱ˭أΨڵɣ
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ǵȻ·ϾͺܰΪ룬ԸһУ˵˵߾ߡ
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ȻǸʦѧඣЦЦ
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ţʦˣôĽɣ
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Դϸһƣͬʱ뵽ΪʲôҾûôʦأЩĽҲѧҽܲܽʦҲܸҰ
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Ϊʲôˣ죬ÿɰ
ΪҵʦѾȥˣЩį
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ҡҡͷ꣬ٴ̤Ϲ˵ʵкܼǻֻ֪һʱ˼ĵӡ
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Щį𣬰ˣԼҲһСﳤɴˣûܹζԭԼһֱڵһ˰˴ʱԼǰ
˰꣡
أ
ſϿ޵ôģô˻ߣˣôˣôͻȻͿأԼû
СҽôͰ˼ҹŮŪأϽȥúðοοɵǸʲôأ
Զ˾ҡҡͷȥеСҽһ٣õһСﰡʱָʱ
˺ˣˣҴ˺òãϽǸҪٲǸԼɾʹˡ
أ㲻ã㲻áſϣõ죬СѾͷƬӣڸ˭أȥûǸ
꣬ٿҾͲˣ
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Զ˿ΣôôԾأĻӦ˼ҹŮ˵ǣô˵أȻСҽҲ̫Ůӵˣ»𳵺ҪúСҽһ٣̽椵ʮʮ仯ⶼǾ̸֮
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µ˲䣬һצĸϻ滨ҼƯСﰡ˭ҪǲϧǾŶ


008 δȢδ
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ƲƲ죬ŭˣϽģ˺ˣҶڿأһСӳɺͳ
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ɲĵСʱƨɺתƣûٸڹֱһͷħ˭ҪĻǱ׼Ǳ˻ЦǺǵİǮأ
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ûȴʤǧ
գ˿ڣǧСڻôӳиҵ𣿡
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ӹ⣬̫ΣգһôۣŲȥءھһҵ񣬸պóڴѧҵԾĴߣ뵽ﾹȻô£
˵ͿһۣλԷˣȻǸ׽סҪ׽סӾǰ;Ҳˡ
Ҽʹ׽סӾǰ;Ҳ㿰ǣϾǹȥһڣͲòӾİܲӡǾ͵Сˡ
ллˣ
ǿͬлʲôԺͱ֣ҡҡͷˣСôˣ˻ڽ𣿡

ʲôȤ£һЦ˼ڻÿɺˣֱ㻹ãҶʶأ
Ŷ
ЩˣСĸƨ棬ָʹˣǸħ棬ԳԼСħ
Ǻǣ˵˵겻ˣô𣿡һ䵽ǰǾͲò뵽һСҲһЦ
ҡҡͷ
˼ڿɲˣСCˣڻԻϰأ˵ڸһСǵˣĲ֪жζأ
ɶ
һ㶣͸еЦ񻹼ǵǰС˵һ仰Ů˶Ů˶
ڿˣ

ţ
㡭㡭£˵ʲôЩɬ˵ڣһۣһЦʲôʰɣͬѧ֪޲޲
˵İ
ƺĻֻСʵ㡭Ů𣿡
˵ɶЦеʣ

ҪץˣֱӺûŮˣ
ٺ٣
С͵֣װģ̾˿ҪûҪûҪǮûǮ˵˳Ҳ˧˭ϲҰ
ô˵㻹ǹһඣûã굱Ц̫̫ˣδȢδޣ黹Ǵϣġ
˵ͷ
ˣʲôʱôҲͬѧҪΪúðѰѹ
ޣ
ͷΪ˭Ϊҵǹ
Ŷô˵ˣЩʧ
ı仯꿴ж࿪˶ˣ̫̫ˣ飬ħҲӲָɽˣ
ǣҵѿһ˧ϲģ
ô
ͷһ֣СѾͷƬӣһ㻹ͲˣҲʰ㣬ǿʧһ»𳵰ɣ
»𳵣Ҫʲôһţôˣ˵úúõôͻȻŪأ
»𳵰ȻǼ˼ඣȻˣǰǵԼҲǷˣİҲգ
ԼʲôԼЩµģǵ֮ʲôԼ
Ȼˣ
װģ̾ѵ㲻ǵҼҵʱ˵ԺҪȢĻҲӦ𣡡
ȥɣ
봷£֪ԷڸЦ꣬ʱԷŶûأʲôԼ

ţ
ҡڻûСѣͷˣԼһΪʲôҪ˵Щأ
ɣ
װģĵ꣬Щ겻ڻôҰɣô˵Ҳǰ໨Уôûһϲأ
ȥɣ
ץˣߣﲻûҪҪǱﹴָ׵˶ܴӽŵأ
ǵǣ
ЦЦܴ೤ǳˣǲ֪佾ԺҪ˭ժȥඣ
ߣ϶㣡ߵɾͲôˣӣӣѵ㲻֪ϲҿɵ˰أߣԺ󲻺úʰ㣡
ЦǵǣֻһҵǧС㣬ôأǲ𣡡
ޣ
ͷ㵹ԣһأ
ź
ͻȻ֣ץͼģҪʲôѵұ𣿣
ӦأǲӦأ
Ϲʲôأ
εҡҡͷ㿴̺ۻÿôһ̺أ

Ǳװ̾Ϣһ̲סŭΪ㣬Ҫ㣬ôÿô˲м³
һᵽ޲ȥݺһ٣ϽԼ֣вǸҽˣ̺㿴ŰɣҪ㲻ŪҾ͸Ū

Цҡҡͷİɣ¾ͽˣ֤һƯƯ⻬۵֣
а취
һվĿ԰쵽
ͬѧˣôƭأİɣҪһʱ䣡˵
ʱҶǣа취ȥ̺ۣ뵽һ£Ҫа취ͽǰҲǸСŮһ£СŮ̫ˣ˿ϣһʱ뵽¡
֪ʲô£ʵҾΪģ
˵ͷӱֽϿº󣬾𳵹ˣȻ˼أ
̫̫ˣ
ϲʤ޲ܵԱһڣûôô˿أЦô˻ô裬Ҳû㰡
һۣ˭˵ûңΪ㣬ڱ迴ģһѶûУ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ҡҡͷȻҺ㣬ҪҾССһµѣοһ˵С飡
ޣ
һۣҲŲأ׵ҲҪһ仨ɣͳŮѣΪʲô
Ҳ̵ģô˵Ҳʹϲ̫̫ˣ갡꣬ڿԽԼ޳ȥˣٲ޳ȥ㶼ҪʣŮඣ
ȻҲŶʮѣմӾһЦСѾͷƬӣ棬ݽȥ˰ɣ˵ҲͦƯģҪȢһĸ
Ϲʲôأ


009 ħ
װÿǣгյվվѾˣлĳ
ӻʱ㿴̨ͣŵļо˹꾴һ
ܿ죬ݸӺ㱻˾Ѻ˳һнϣʱҲЩιĳ˿ʹк
ҽлҪԺʲôõĵĵطܷԸȻɽû飬Ǽеģ
ɽ쳣мӣھȫңôܲлҪڹʱҪһӣ㹩
˰֣Цմ磬㿴һ£Ǿǣڣ
ҽأ
ɽһ뿪ԱߵУЦЦĲʵûʲôһӣץҩ󣬷ֳݣڷ󣬹ͺˣ
ҽллˣģ͵ףҳһȥ㣬һӣ
˵нӹӺһߵĺЩأȻԷΪǰùеΣҲûʲô˵ˡ
ߺߣ
ߺЦЦ뾯򽭳ǹ֡
棡

칫Ӿһ̧ͷ㿴ԼıŮһЦݣŮڻˣɰҴæˣ˵ɣϰôл㣡
ʱҪ˽һˤһ°ͣƽ쳣ѪӾȻһ棬̫ѵˣ
֣˵ҵĹͺСҪлһ˵Ļ棬Ȼܵ棬ק˽
ֳܾã
󷽷Ц֣ڵ绰Ӿ֪ôһˣ˿̼Ҳò̾ᣬСһѵôҽĲƭӣ
֡
Լϰ겻ɳѣӾӦˬʵЦЦ֣ڵ绰˵ˣСΪ
ֳܾˣԺһŬֳܾ
ô˵Ӿһ㶣Ц˼˼СһҲ̫˼ˣʱվ˳֣ͱôˣʵʶģ
Ŷ
Ůô˵ӾͲһԼʶǰСһӦðΪʲôһӳûأ꣬⾿ô£
֣ǡ
֪ӾҡҡͷŮôˣƽʱģôʱµأһҧ۾ǻħ
ѵ
߽Сĸ֣һӾͲˮ˦˳ȥħҵ죬𣬲ɣȻھֳǰƻħⲻǲ
ͷӦֳҡҡ²ˣô찡Ȼˮˣ¾ֳԼƤ
˺ˣȥɣûҷԸ׼˽Ӿ˰֣Сųһʰһ£뿪ʱ⿴һۣħҵ죡
ǻħһʥأ
ʱӾȴüͷЦ뵽ʮֺЦ£վҲǣҲǣСӲǸԼѿ
ħ
৵һ£ӾԺһ⣬ָ֣Ͻܵ󣬡壬ûҾǺǣþû廹ðɣ

Ӿˣ㣬ǸħƥģСڲԱըһʺĻħС˸ӻţ
Ӿǽиû뵽ǰԭǸһ뵽Ǽ£ʹĻģֱӾͽƤ˳׷ʹ
壬壬Ҵˣʱ᲻°

Цֱʹ̫̫ˣ֪˰ɣҸˣۣ㣡

׷һӾҲˮ죬ʵģһҲЦƤãЦСЩȥˣôҲһϢûУѵ𣿡
壬ĸ㿴ⲻǻ𣬶һҾ͸һ񣬿ȴҪң̫ԩң

һᵽ⣬ӾҲЩڣЩǳˣɶǺǣˣҲˣСҲǷᣬǰɵЩȱ£
Ҳ죬ֻÿЦ
̫ùңⶼǸʲô°ȻǻЦӾһ갡꣬ô侮ʯ
ˣת۾͹ȥˣǰСħҲɴħˣʱⲻ˰Ӿ쳣̾Ҫ˵ųģСɺڻǰɳʱСûٸ鷳
ǺǣСˣûˣ׼˰ɣ
壬ҲҪҲ֪ҵӣһطҲɢˣҰɣ
СӣӾһĿһۣ겻Сӵǳ˲٣ȻԼ˼ˡ
ղһȷʵΪЩţȴû뵽Ͼ;ܾˣСӣҲʮ˰ɣ˵Ҽ껹ͬ꣬ôҵŮ𣬳ɼûУ
壬㿴ӣļҹԸҰ̯̯֣Աߵӣ˼û۹ඣߣ̯ˣ̯ϴˣ
ӾԼŮһۣͻȻһɣĪԼĹŮȥˣôܣЩԼŮһѶû̸ѵΪڵСӲɣ
ҵ֣
Ӿ뽫һŸ߳ȥҪħԼŮܵģԼıŮôܹ޸Сأ
УԲУ
׻˵֪ŮĪʱӾҲԼŮ۹ͲһˣⲻǸʱԼ̸ʱ龰ҵģѵұŮݽȥˣ
ţмҪ˵꣬ҳ
Ӿ˳ȥ
֣ʲôأ
꣬ʵ˵ǲϲСˣӾ
֡꽿ߵЩϰôôͿˣţ¿ô죿
˵ǲǣӾ
꿴ԼϰӣһᣬҲͻȥˣûҾϲҵ˰ˣڵȵˣҪֹҺûŮˣ
飡
ű߿˽ȥӾĿɿڴҵүôͱأҪԼıŮܵģСô׹ҵıŮҲܵġСϵΣħͲ֪ħ
ߣ
ӾƿţҲ˽ȥ


010 
壡
Ӿʢ˵Щˣղ˵˵ʲôûŮ𣬶֪ǣӾѾܻӭˡ
ҹŮûе㱾˿ɲУ
С¡͵Լļңǧ
Ӿֵܿ͡ĺ飬ܲˣֱġѵӾΪǰŷӱԼҵ죬İɣ˵ΪǸʱС
壡
˺ˣСǧǰҵĴæҪ㣬ڻתءлĻҾͲ˵ˣϾ͵̺úΪռˣҲΪӷϴ
ҵ죡
⻰֪ˡӾеȻĸ࣬ǰǿɨ׷ԼֵĺݽɫЩͷƤ顣
Լ
ΪʲôСʱôأ
æܾ壬Ͳ˰ɣ
ãã
ӾݾܾС»Ʋס㣬֪Сʱµ˾ԼţҪ׷ҵıŮͱȹĸһذ
кϷඣ
ӾϱúܽȴЦֿ˻ģҲ̫ˣóʱûôˡţϣСӵǲ
ŶӿֱЦ֪ϰҪˣɿɣҲ֪Ժ˭˭أߣⱲӾˣԶҲɢǣ
壬ǼȻĻҺͲˣһŰݷã
Ȼһǹˣô;ȥЩϾ˼ȥԷֹܲܿȥɣҲ̫ûòˡ
úúãȥɣǵȥ
ӾʱܺãϲǴͣھȥɣϾǿ޵ʱ
߳˹ֵĺ¥Ϳ˵˵Ҹô죿
£ûϵ겻ߣ֪˰ɣҾǲ㣡
ϲЩʲôңҲȥ򣡡ЩΣⶼǸʲô°˲ȥ˾ˣش󣬴ԼٴԶݡ
ߣ
һ߹˵ʵҲûʲôʲôԣҲҪ˭ˣ
˼ֻҪϳԼ˭Ǳ֤ԼʲôԷඣ

Ѱ죡
ˣұ֦Ÿɣ㿴ô

ЦĺܿģҪܹӣҸұ֤ԭ㣡
ߣ
һҲŲôأһ¼Լܳ͹ˣϾ׷ֿɲôܵġ
֣
ʱһ˹ǰͣ£һͿһװĵǳӢ˧
꣬
³ԭƽ˧̻һϲı飬꣬˵ˣ̫ˣѾڻʳƵ궨λӣҲһЩѹΪӷϴ
ˣûգ̾ҡͷﰵ˭ƾʲôΪҽӷϴһҪΪӷϴأ
ûգ
Ϣһ㶣ɣ꣬ô˵ҲͬѧˣλҶ㶨ˣ㲻ȥÿɣ
£
ܽ˵ԼһŷĶϵˣ˵¸ʲôϵҲŲأʲôÿÿҸǲںֻҪҺÿˡ
Ϣɫ
Ǵѧͬѧڴһʱ;ΪˣҪ׷֣˵׷ˣֶûɣΪǳ鹫ӣǶڿЦأ
꣬λǣ
ڣϢԱߵˣСڷˣ𣬼ҲкҲ̫ûòˣ
ãҽǡ
֣Ϣһ⣬ƥģСӲʱҵðɣӿеĶûб߹أСӰҪϲˣɾںùײİɣ
ãҽϢͬѧ֪ꡭ
Ϣɨɨȥ뷢һЩǱΪ顱ĶȴЦЦҰҲͬѧǾͶͬѧˣʵ̫ˣӴֶһˣѣԺҪչ˰
ף
ԼֹϵϢͷһɣȻǾͺðСӻʶ࣬ȻͬѧҲûʲô˵ˡ
ţҵƬ̨ԺҪʲô£ܸϸ绰ڽϣ˵ʵûϸڲƽ£
ϢֵĺܴҲȷʵڽؽϣҲȨͨҪһֻҪ绰ˣûаڲƽġ
Ǿ̫лˣԲҼԲãǽС
Ϣ
ƥģϢˣС𣬾ȻҲȥӵ֣ͳһСӾˣӻûִܹأ
ʱ䲻ˣǿȥɣ軹ڼأ
ʱһӱסĸ첲Ȼܲ˼ĶϢӣ˼ǻе£ҪЩѣǵǸ

ϢɵˣʲôѵСãƥģСӾȻǰϷãð
Ǻǣǰɣʵǲ˼Һ껹е£ͲˣԺпһҪϵ˵ţ˾һ⳵ʧϢǰ

ߺϢͷˣһ٣ҪʲôʲôһӰˣȻһСӺݺݵĴһŶըˡ
꣬ӣǰ׷ǿ㣬Ȼ棬Ӿͺú棬ǰɣôʰ㣡
ٺγܹ첻Ǳݺݵһţζˣȴһñӣˡ
ǸӦϲɣ
⳵ϣЦ˵û뵽ԼȻһεƣݺݵһۣϲҵ˶ȥˣ
ǵǣ
˵ͷ곤ȷʵǳƯƮƮ£ĸЩϵǲϲȷʵǶȥˡ
ϲ𣿡Сʵ
ǺһЦ㳤ôƯ˭˲˵ǰɣ

˾һ£Щ죬ղŶ͵͵Ůˣͳ˽ͨ¹ʣŵһ亹˿ô˵ҲýӿڣȴСǺΪʲôûһôƯĹϲԼأҪǼǸ֮һͺˣ

ƺΪĻҲƺΪ˾ć̬꿩ЦЦôЩˡ


011 
һˮЩðɣЩεվһС¥ǰһˮ֮ʲôûУͲЩġ
Ͼ˰ٴκǰһΰ׷ȷʵ̵ӡжĪĿ־塣
꿩һЦ˵ʲôãһˮȾʵݣЩöˣ˵ʲôȱˣ
ֻεͷ
Сˣ
һ긾ŮţͬʱҲ˴ڴЦͺʵ裬п𣿡
С㣬ү֪ˣ㣬˵Ҫһϲأ긾Ů˵ʱҲĴһۣа룺˭ôСͻȻʹһأƽʱҲûСӰĪǡ
Ϣ
굱üͷһ壬겻ɢļһ鶼Ҫƻˣ̾ߣϾԼļңȥأ
ȥɣҶˣ
Ǻðɣɫ£ֻõ˵ͷһ˽ȥ긾ŮһĻ͸ĸƵģСϲСˣǸүôأ˿ɾҪʹˣ
ǹˣղż꿴Ͳͬ⡭ȻŮǽүҲˣͲðˣ
ʵϣϢǺкøеģԷΣǫ飬ҳҲؼŬһʱ갡ԼСΪʲôͲϲأ

ںϢ˵ЦأͿԼҹŮ˽˵վǿԱߵüͷһ壬а룺С˭ôһˣҿӻϤӣСӣôЩϤأ
ȥ仯ܴҪܣ϶ǲʶģ࣬Ҳ΢΢һЦЩӵû䣬Ӻݻࡣ
ãѣܸˣһˮ˹ȥ൹ûˮüֺϤǲ˵ʱҲ´ƺҪϳ
̣ҼҲоأ˵ǰǻһأЦǺǵ˵һ˵ԱߵһЦ˳ҲоǰСӺ˼ͺܿĽӹݸԱߵ衣
ǰɣһ֪ۼ껹ôһأǲʶ𣿡кͻȻԱߵϢЩΣкˣδŮˣɲá
찢̸һѣλϢҲѣԺҪӴܰﵽԼĵطأ
̣ʶ
Ϣһֱ΢Ц˵ʱ֣û뵽㣬˿İƹΪԺҪụֽ́ƹԺҪҰ
ǺǣôȵأԺҪʱֽ̰
˵֣Ϣ룺ƾҺڴεʵ»󣡡ǣȴƵģһӾͻˣϢƵҪѪ
ʱҲˣ˻ҩζԼҹŮһۣͰ룺Ǻһģҿӹϵе㲻һ㣬ȻϢҲͻȻ͹ˣĪǡŮѲɣ
ͿһϢδŮϢ⣬˭УԼῴ۵ģϢôһСӣҪǴˣǺڶҪˡ
УҪ̽һ£
д⣬Цŵ̻һμأ֪ôʶİ˵˵̿ˣ
裡
Щˣݺݵһֻۣò˵ȴЦ̣Һʶˣ˵ͬѧأ
ͬѧ
룬ԼͬѧдûмСӰôͬѧأЩ⣺Щ⣬˵ͬѧ˼ǣеģеģѧģ
̣ǣ
ЦҡҡͷСѧģడһСѧģôСѧأǿǹ˺ܶ갡ôСͻȻðأ
꣡
ʱ򿪵ӾŹİ˽˶ɳϣͺǺһЦӽ
ǺǣⲻССƶǿɶͬѧ˵ŻأЦվ𣬼ҲҪվӾڰ֣ҲþصҾһܣһףҲ˵˵
˵ţߵԱߣЩͷϺ꣬ЩӦöŪİɣӾЦһ֮ӳҪһ¿ô죡
ô̻ӰɣӾЦеĿڣɫһ䣬ӾӾĺĺɻ첻ඣ
ʱ͵ܣʲô˼ĪҺʶɣ˿ԽԽϤɾ벻ôһˡ
裬Ǹħݺݵ˸һۣһҧһҲǴȥģʹʹֱӵأ
ħ
üͷڣһ৵һվһ޲óȥܵӣҧгݵ㣬㣬㡭
̣ԭ㻹ǵҰأ̫жˣ̶̫ˣһӾͳȥ˵ĻԹһʱɵۣʲôôͲ籾أ
һʱҲ֪ǺˣһС˵Լؿţɺͳһ뵽СʱĻ£Ҳһǰȥˣ˿ͻȻͼȻҲĴˡ
ǰɣҿ㻹ɣл˵ֻȰҲ̾Ϣ⺢ӴС޸ĸʮҳߣȥˣҲ֪ʲôӣ
뵽ĸԷģ⵽׻ǸӰϤ˶ˣǰʱʮ꣬ǸӣܶʲôأҲ͹ȥˣԼǸɶأⲻԼԼ
ˣ̲ˣӣ㿴һ߾ǰ꣬ҲӸţ̻ͦأ
أ̣̫ˣųһʱϢͺܲģƥģӻûĸأСȵˣOKưɣӳÿ
㿴㣬ô˻һӣǱ̳ɺͳӾʵǿȥˣݺݽһأأȴû뵽СӾôɻˣ


012 ȥ
Щ굽ȥˣôһϢûУº㿪ʼʻЦ̣ЩҶй䣬ߵúÿķ羰
Ŷ
ô˵˵ͷҲ֪ôģӾȴЦСҪôǫ¶һָ֤̿һ⼸ҲϹ
ôһ˵ྪ죬ϢҲһ㶣ʵϣͻȻðġС֪٣˿̵뿴ʲô£֪֪˷ܰսʤ
壬Щԥ
ôСǵඣ֤һӾЦϢҲʱĲ˻ǰƹҪʲô£ͱһʹʧҲ޷ﶼῴЦģ
ߣ
Ϣ䳰ȷû˵أͲˣֱӵȻ汾£ĳƤ񣬸ǽеһƴأ

ϢƥģӣΪһ仨ӽ׷ˣÿʱ˺һŽ߳ȥ㻹ʲôôţ
ʵϣ׷꣬ƯǿӾϵȨϾӾǽǵĹֳڽǶһҲҪģҪĳӾŮҵҵܸһ¥
ΪҵһӰˣϢһӵܣ෴ܰѧϰ֪ʶԨ˵үӽȨϣָһڷˡ
꣬ô˵أ
ݺݵԼŮһۣ겻˵ʵǸƤҲ̫ˣ˼;ܾˣƤҪңһǽײˣ
ƥģ
ϢԼˣƫƫҪװһ΢ЦӣоԼԳܵһ죬ͬʱĺ㾡֮ˮҲϴˣȻҲǹ
꣡
ʱӾҲȥˣȻûָǸ˭Զ׼˵ĳϢ˭ʱͱվˣ꣬㶼ôˣ˵Ϳʲô
ߣ
ƲƲ죬Ҳ˵ˣҪ˵ȥӾ϶գɲŸպͱ롣
Ǻǣ˵˵ĶԣҾ⣬ǣ壬̣Ҿ͸˵һĻҶģôԴңҶ׷վüģһᱻҴ򶯵ģ
ϢһᶨޱȵӣɫҪһûмСʱҪˣ˵Ļ
ǣٴһ
ððϢǿˣЩС£ЩĸģҲ̫ţϾڲᳫ׷꣬ǲԣһжҪԼ
ӾʱҲ˻˼Ϣ˵ˣԼҪûʲôʾҿɾҪԼˡ
ΪǵĹֳӾҲùϾҵıҲһЩȻ˵ӾְλʹһЩСӻǿģ
ʱ˻ʹϢܵ̾ϵĵ壬̣ǾͷİɣϢģǲȢ꣬Ҿ͡
Ӿ𣿡
ͻأģһƽĻȻ˽ȴϢһʱɲǼ㳯￴ȥײţƥģСӣӾžӾأ
˵ʲôأ
ʱӾҲһ࣬˵ľЩˣôô˵أⲻ˼ҪϢãֱӾ͹ˣ
⻰˵Щˣ
ҲЩղЩøأ뵽ʼվһħ׻˵ɽƱѸģԺҪˣҪٴȥЩԼҹŮ˼˼Ǯأ

ʱȴЦ˵⻰϶ɣ
꣡
ԼҹŮӣɫ࣬һңӳɺͳԸȥ
Ҳ
ǿҡҡͷһˣ˵Ļô˵һɡ
ˣ
Ϣȥһܵĳ嶯Ͷô˻һˣ˭ţϢ⻰̵ˣҪҲϲ꣬Ǿ͹ƽҪôңϢҲǺǵˣ
ϢȷʵŭˣԴһͲƽ޲ֱӿһײأѹһ̲ϡࡣ
ڣȻӾⲻںݺݴΪһĹӣǷڵһλȻ챻˴˶һһ¾ͱȻᴫ齭ǣϢҲʹӴ̧ˡ
̾һ˵ģôͲأ
ʲô
˶һ㶣ϢҲЩˣѵǷӲɣڸģȻΪλ˵ѵ֪ҪٲǸ
С˵⻰ʲô˼Ӿһʱʶղ˵Ǿ仰֮Ī滹ʲô²ɣ
ܣ˵ʲôأʲô˵ҿħֱ͸ñȥǼҲӭǿӲϢеδŮ챻һðСӺݺݴһڸģ˵ʵ˿Ѿнϵسŵ˼ˡ
ûҪ˵ȻϢģǴӴ֮أϢ֧֣˵ҲʼǿӲ˵ʵݺһˣԤŮˣСǻͷ˲ɣ
ȻҾ߰ɣʡ˿˲˵žվһӾסҲ׼ߣ
ߣ
ɫ࣬񻰣ֱ̫ˣԴԼϹϹֳ󣬻û˸ô˵أ޷죬ֱ޷졣
裡
ˮˣ֪ôһߣԺҲˣϾһ߾ǰ꣬ҪˣԺ󻹿ټ
˵ĻϢסˣţϢһ˵ˣزϢҲʹˮֱǺ޼ˣ޲ȥ
俴һۣЦ
ЦʲôϢʶԼȻ£ָϽˣʱӾҲû˵ֻڿҪ˵ʲô
ͿϢЦҪûĻһӣѾͺܶŮ˷ϵ˰ɣ
˵ϢǱβ͵ĹôôҪǳˣһܶûˣ˿̵ӣŭ壬Ҫȥƴ
Һ˵𣿡
ЦһںŮ˷ϵǲǾµﴦһɾʹֻһ˲ûʲôҿԸ㣬ܻΪһ̫࣡
ž
˵һۣһ˦ȥ


013 į
߳Сվ侯ĲĿ£ԽԽԶûгǱĸĸסˣ̾Ϣһͷһ⳵
СҪȥһ壬ҲûĿĵأЦҲ֪ȥʦͿŰɣ
¿һۣŻɾ࣬һǴǸԺģҲûǮˣһ¾͵ʱҲˣҿСӦûûԷɣ
ûأ
ôһ˵ҲЩˣ¾ЦǺ֣СˣʹȥǽҹУ׼Եĺúã
֨
⳵̵תͷʧվ侯Ŀܿ죬Сʱ󣬳⳵㿪ˮԣںӰԱߣһС̯Ȼһܴҹгˡ
С磬ˣһʮǮһ壡ǮҪߣֵСǵһɣ
˵ͷ
ǺǣҪҸСƼһλãտڣҵƬҪСȥĻԴۣ
ô˵̾Цˣû뵽λ˾廹ôһְҲûŭǿĽ˹Цұ֤ˣ
ٺ٣С϶ƷõζˣСȥɣˣֱ⳵ʧԼǰſеƬҡҡͷͳǸλȥ
ʱӰ̯λǰֵľĶԱȣһ㶣Ǹ˾岻˵õ̯λ𣬿ôôأ
ãտ𣿡
ʱһƯСӭβһص·ǰһ⵹ǸŮЦŵͷ԰һ˾˵տڣҾ͹ˣǡ
Ÿտţİɣ֤˻´λСʮ߰ӣ崿ľˣһѩЦЦǸãӰɣÿһһٸơƣ
ãԵȣ
СЦЦ濴һ£̯λλòǺܺã̯λȥˣҪտڵĻôԺ˿϶ҲԴԴģ
͵һλ
ԶһʮͷȾƣ˲˳£ҡҡͷ᱾ͺܲƽ˳ĵ¶ȥˣܻҪȥ
СֵҲһˣ
ɾʱǸ˹ơƱЦŵ˵ͷһƨɾСֵܲҸ˵˵ɣ
⣡
ҡҡͷҲһˣԼһǳԣҲǳԣοһ˺Լ˵ҲǼįˡ
СֵܣԵǸһʱСҲơƶ˹һЩտЦŶ˵ͷͳһ

¾ƺ󣬳̾һ͸оЦȻǸйµˣҲû£˵ҪǾòʹĻͽʹ˵ͳ࣡

ٴ̾˿һơȫ£˿ҲЩˣ϶˵ԼĹ£û뵽ӣȻһ
ǴصһǻѪһЩʵ£뵽εһץ˲ץˣһͷ˾һֳҵĹӣ¿ͱѣץԭԭ˻ȥĹͷѪҪȥǸֱǸֳſ죬ʵЦ
ͷĶõӣô𣡡
ֹһơƣӣҲ֪ⱲҪûʲôɽĻ;͵ΪֹˣҪǸʲôֳ鷳ĻλҲס

գҲ̾˿ϣܵһɾ˵ʣǵȴΪֻ֮ƾһǻѪܱ˿еͷʣˡ
ʵҲûʲô˵ģ˻ϣ˭ܹ˳£ûôԵһ
£ҲöܣڶûطסأȻǾͺȾưɣ˺Ҹ߸ģ컹졣
֣
ʱԶ˳ֵü˹ȥֻ֪ʱ˼ˣԭСڸԷơأȴȾ˻ͷСΧ
ϣСʲôǻأҪС缸׸裬𣡡
ǣСҪǳˣӿͣ
ҲУӺȸƣˬˣǮҲǴУ
ԶԶԣû˼ǺȾƺãȾƺã
СΧСЦţ˿ڡҹϵ˶ʱü񣬵Ҳûվ£⼸ڴ֮ͥµϷСҪûеǲŹˣһͲǺǵ
ҲüȺҲ̫˰ɣôҲҹаĿ֮£Ȼһ㶼֪ʱҲһ૵
˭⡣
Ǹץ˵ˣֳҵĹӣû뵽ˣˣеľƱ죬û뵽龹Ȼôɣڽ춼ˡ
ÿȻȻ
СʱҲˣȻǵһ£ֱȴֳһĨǿϿ˳꿾ǥӾǰÿ
ϣСûͦӾϲģ
˵꣬СǥӾͱ˹û뵽Է˵־Ͷ֣һܲ˱Ǥӽʵʵ˸첲ϣʱʹô
ԲȦһȱڣС˳ȥĻ쿪ʼУģӣץסһҪŪ
ֳȫΣôܿ죬ۿҪ׷ϣС嵽տ¯ǰտʦС͡һպľ̿Ŀ͹
ǶʱŵõһԶԶض㿪ˣиղűǥͱĽѵǿɲΪŮֻ˵˵ô򵥣ðźͨͨĻ̿С£ģҪǱõϣǻճ
ڳտˣ˿ҲԶԶܿˣ±ֳֻʣһˣͷƵĺžƣܿͷϵֱðȻԥƴǰ;ͼʹ죬Ǽβˡ
Ҳе죬û뵽СȻҲǿһ棬Ҫһ£˵ˣ˵ĵûˡ
ʱҲ֪ԼҪˣȻƾС϶ǶǼˣûվأһģҪŪֵܣҿܳŶãϣץסзݣ£Ҷţ


014 
ͷӹյ˵е̻ңһŽԵĵ˳ȥγһߣıϡ
俴˹ȥ
˸ӣСӰٲӹÿһɻڵ޷죬̫޷ˣҪݺʰһ٣Զڽϻˡ
Ҫȥһס̾Сֵܣǻ߰ɣ﷢ô£ЩܿͻǸСﲻµģ
ڴ¼̣ɳǺֻҪȻҲηգĿ֮£Ҳ治ҽִֻ֮ܲɲô롣
һǸ죬ҪǲһӴôԺСȻΣ֮Уָᷢʲôأ
ȻˣǾʹԶ޷֮أ
µ׼ּһΣնɱѿУȻѵҪʲôǸʱȥڲɡ
û£ȥӣ֣˹ȥһûץס˹ȥɫһ䣬һ£Ҳȥ
ʱЩյĻ˼ѪƵģ۾ð⣬лģԵӣ̴󺰵ֵǣӶС椣
һһ¶ˣϽѧҲСΧСļˣԷӶĻ֮̿أԽԽͷһţһ̧֣Ҫ̿óȥ
£
ͻȻһûȷӦеĲӾͱ˹ȥ
վҺ棡
СֻǰһͿվǰǸˣͷһůֻ۾ʪʪģҪᡣ
İɣڣ
һۣ̾Ϣһ¯һ壬ֶۿЩ죬ղĸҵңǰ
ϣ
Сһ㶣⵹ǳģӵͦӲģѵʹ߲ɣʹЦɫһ㶣û뵽ĳġ
ҵģ
Ỵ̈бۿЦôСǻˣƤˣҹӵ£ʶ㣬Ͻһʰ
ЦǸģܺðڸᣬǸҾ͵ʲôû򣬱Ҳ

񿴷һ̰һҪϣһ࣬˹ȥʱվЦСӣҿǻˣ֪𣬾ƾղ仰ӽϵȫˡ
𣿡
һЦЦżĿ⿴գЦʱ˾ǷжϼͲ֪ߵغ񣡡
С˵ʲô
һʱûĻСȴŭˣϴ󣬻С˵ʲôϣŪ˵ţС׷óһʲеĸŸֹܣ
ȫ
ʱ򣬳վ˳СֵܣǺкøеģô˵ҲһȹˣҪǰʲô£Ⱳӿɾͱİˡ
ƥģҪˣҪǲЩȫ͵Щľǰ׵ˣ
վ˳Ҳһů˵ǿһ֪յı£ٴվĵɲ˭ܾ߱ġ
Ϻǣ
յЦһˣѵ˭Լ𣬲ǳʱ򣬵һЦ̴ԩ·խû뵽ﶼ㣡
Ҳû뵽ôˣ㻹ɷҿûǸϽߣȻӽȫͽ
Ҳ뽫̫ҪյɢȥҲ˵ʲôܶǸҪı˵ˣԺͱڽǻˡ
ٺ٣
Цһ̴Ӿ͸㼸ӣֻҪǸŮ£мүүҪĸˣͷˣ
ģ̫ˣͱŭˣô˵ңҶˣҪǸΪѣҾ;˵ţǡһָǰС죬˭Ҷ֣ȫȥ
Ҳû뵽ĸҷ쭣Ƭ̺󣬵ؾ͸˳һȭķǰɣҸӣ̴ǰʧĿȥˣһʰ
ŵŵ˺һӷסȳվȺ͵СֵܣģҾǻҪҲҪȫ˵ĵĻһˣȻˣǻֱˡ
֮ԥΪϴյӴ̫ˣ쿴Ϊ˰ǸСҪΣ֮УҪվˣ첻ˡ
ʱСﲻ֪Ūһƿӣһңͳ߰ɣﲻǵ£ԼӦͿˣ
ͳһ㶡
СδҲ̫Ϭ˰ɣ
ҪһСϣﻹ˵һݣڣСȴߣС˲ð˱Ȼһ
Ȼˣôߣһʵĳһûأ
ЦЦסԼСﵱˮ͹þˣþûָоˣֻůůģվԼǰˣƺҲš
Сôˣû£ﻹأ
ֻĻģɳһҹԱȴһЩΧŹˣҪǴ˳ȥﻹӡ
ʱҲŭɶʲô¶˳һСƣȴ۵˳ӣ͵СӣҿǾƲԳԷˣôð
ǰɣ
õģտˣޱŵָһȺС죬ֵ֪ܼôҪ𣿸㣬ǾҪã
Цݻϣվ;ǰһžһ·һžڶը죬һޱȵĵϣоԼԴ˲ڲƽ֣ûüһ˾ͷ˳ȥײӡ
ȺףСһ£ʹų˹ͷһλӣϵӾҪԴңӸո߸߾ͳ˹ȥһָڶԷؿϡ
Ӷʱ类׻һӾ͵ԼԴϣҽһؿڣڵϿʼŻ
ʱ򣬳Ҳվסˣֱߵһʾͳ˹ȥģʲôӽȫֺϡ


015 һ
飡
һȥͽһСſ£ϾҲһˣЩȻûˣ׵ӻڣһһС죬Ҫȥ֧Ԯ̧ͷһʱɵۡ
ֻСһأǸŻأҵ죬û뵽λСֵܾȻһֻ֣գۼ䣬㽫Сſ£ʵʱóĿ࿴
˿̣ǸСȴһƿקԺɧңû
ˣһ䡣
ѣ
С̧־ͽƿҵյԴϣƿ飬նʱͷѪû
պۣҴңˣˣұ֤Ū㣬Ūȫң
ѣ
Ů˵ִӵץһƿӣյԴϡ
ˣ
ԶΧ۵ҲһС̫ˣҲ̫˵㣬ȥѵԼϹ˾
ûСץһƿһ䡣
ɵۣĹԼˣûмһǰŮôģ
ѣ
һƿȥ
СﻹҪȥϽ˹СסҼ·ǺãҪŪͲˣûڶѪ
ոϽ˳ȥ
һܳȥʹӿڴһֻŶӳÿ˸ˣҹУ˹
绰ݺݵĶˣģ죬Ƕߣӽ첻ŪǣͷѪɫҲ
Ҿţ
һѵӣȵ£ȻеϵĻңƺûѶԷв¡
˵һ
˭ôն£
꣬ɴܣ꣬ҿǻǿϷˣۣ
¸ɶ͸ñȥǹˣЩ걻Ĺﲻ֪ж٣СҿͲ򵥣Ӳˣ
ԶΧСۣǵǻûһʱ䶼֡
ģʲôӹͷ­ݺݵĵԶһۣһеֱܣʵյĶһ̫ˣûвġ
ǻǸϽ߰ɣ
ʱСﳶ˳ӣͳܸмҲΪԼ˹˾ߣ
ЦЦҪߣ߰ɣ
ҪߣҲߣͬСڽǴѧһڹѧҲһû뵽⵵¡
Ըȴǿĳɳйأ»˹ܻҪˣʵڹⲻȥ
ֵҿǻ߰ɣеĴһۣò˵Сȷʵ崿ľˣģڣ£
һʱ䣬ֻۿġ
һۣЩɲСֵô侲ѵǴͷ˼תĺܿ죬ʼ²
˭ߣ
ĨһµѪˮ˵ˣһ˶ܡҵҪȭͷӲǹӿ죬Ӳʱ˵˿ӣ
ҿСһ㣬ʱԼԼɵˣĻһ䣬պݺһ٣ΪһſµģȻǸôԼ
ĺޣȫбϡ
أ
ʱ򣬾𣬼һֱҹ棬ͣʮٳ˹һɣãԼڹˣƥģˣ˰
Ŷӳڹ˰ռͳ˹ȥΣǾԼھ߰ȫ㣬ʵµӡ̫ˡ
ʮУͷһʮ󺺣ĿɷһѪͿһɾִˡ
ոµıҪǲһسӣ֪ԼǱˣŭգңĸ˵ģ죬ﻹ𣿡
յʱֻˣһָݺݵ˵СЩȰȻ򣡽첻ҾͲ
ӶյĻֿ۵ŵǼ죬ŭ˵Ÿʲô⼸¡ΧŹĻӣ
Ŷӳ참Щװɣʱ򣬳վ˳ҲǿˣҲҪվͬһսϣʱӶҲǷ˳ˡ
оͼЦһһҲûнɳߵ⻰ʲô˼ѵץǻץ𣿡
ŶӳĿ֤˶ң͸Ҷ϶Ǿ£δҲ̫Ϸ˰ɣؿӶʱץˣɱϳû㰡
ô˵Ӷһ㶡
ճ̵ģ㻹Ӹ㣬ͷˣպȥȳƣֺϾֱڻһƬľӾͽ죬һĻƤ
ΪǾֳ˵ҵĻƤͰҵĻƤҲʲô

պӶˣѵ˲ɣȻҹӽа壬ѵͲĶͷ˾֮ŭ
㲻һССɳһ֥Ĺ٣ʲôᣬӻ˵ˣˣⱲˣ
ջ뽫ڣ챻ˣӣʹͷѪ⵽ҽԺ֪Ҫأ
ʱӶҲյ˼ǸԺڹˣԱߵһСһţƥģŸʲô⼸˶ץȥ󣡡
СǰٺЦһСӣֳĹӶᣬŵùɣ˵꣬óҪȥ
ָÿ
һ̧Ȼһһקλ컹ûӦ첲ͱŪѾˣʹõһƣ͸Сһɵڵء
ģ㻹Ϯܲ
Ӷһ°γǹָ˵ٶһԣӲͷ
Χľ죬Ҳȫγǹȵ˫ֱͷڵϣ
ҵ谡
ԶΧȺڶһû뵽Щľ쾹ȻǹˣϽ󳷣ҪĿǹˣǻ˳֣֮
վҲţʮǹڶ׼Լɫһӱò԰ףָӶǾô참𣬻˲ץרץˣ
ô참ûϵӶǹȵ˭ҪǸҶһ£ϵǹӲϵˣ
Ŷӳô磡
ʱȦӵ棬ͻȻһʮϵ


016 Ӿŭ

һ˳˽һΪߵ̫죬ˤһţˣʶǸ˾Ҳ͵Ӷŷô¡
תͿԼĸԼˣеίҲܲסˮ͹֡
һлԱߵͳˣһᣬ⻹һСӦñúõģڣһЩС۸ҪЩӦñľץеŭʢˡ
ҪǲЩ˺ݺݲȵŵףԲ𡰻ħƺţ
˭ʲôģ
Ӷеǹ׼£˲㽫ԼŮ󣬡㡭ҪʲôƾʲôץҵŮ
ٺ٣ƾʲôƾӣѵ֪ǷǾ͵ŷɵƲðɣӶЦЦǳš
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Ӿºܿ촦ϣҲվ˳ʵϣҲû뵽ӾҲãպӶӾ϶ҲùҲʡˡ
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ӾûĵһۣʵϣҲɺϵĺܣҪȻֲ㣬ôôʱĳһУΪԱߵˣ


017 ΰ
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019 Τ˾
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Ժ˹ۺȻһһΪԱߣһƯŮſڴϣ˫°ͣգƯĴ۾ϸϸĴ

ŮЦĿڣһ㣬ĺܲڣСĵĿһ̺µ壬ãһڿ㡣

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˶ԼЦΤëӦÿ˯֮ضֱֹŻֹͣΤǻǲǣ

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ΤëӦⲿģ˵۲񾭣ЦŽһ䣬һ£ΤǰΪˣҲŴ죬ΤǰĲ֪ƾȫȫ˵˳ǿɲҽ𣿣


020 أ
ϼһҽ˰ɣʲôʱƭ㣡ɫ伫ΪβסͣСҽȻûԼʧһֶΣǵ˳뻯ĵز
ڻϣͶҽ̾ΪֹٴμȻΪ𶯣ͣҽϱȡôĳɾͣӢţӢŰ
ΤǰҲ̾ĵ˵ͷ
ǰΪһĴ˾ʲôҽûǳ͢ҽҲ˲٣ë˶޲ߣɶа취⻹ҽʲô
۾ëսʱһڵըȬȴôһëһֱβãͷǼʶˣ죬˰
ΤˣǫЦ
Τǰȴǰ˰֣㲻ǫ飬β˵ı˿ãëҪ鷳˰
ΤӦģ
˵һ䣬ֵΤëǳ۾ϣҪģκٳһЩҩһںͿȬ
ðð
Τǰͷǿ˯һþˣ˵ɲ˵˵룬ÿʱͷʪģ˯þɼκãΤǰﻹвĵġ
СЩϼһԺܻҪඣΤǰʮָ̾Щϸһ˭ûиëʱˣɼ챻ĥ
СҽǵҰǾԲŹģСҽһҪߣ֪ʲôʱҲϴóأ
ЦЦҲûٶ˵Եѧһ£Ϊβ˵ģ˭ҽһͬʡ
հôǶѧҽģСǱඣΤǰЦնʱѧҽģѧҽģ֮ûȡ
¶ôһ֣ҲҽĿ࿴ҽǿģΪƭ˵ҽڣʵǰòתԼҽ뷨
ǰǲţûˣǣ˵ôѧİͣԼѧУ飬㿴˼ңѾβˣһȣ˾ɥ
С˵մػԺʲô㰡ʱΤǰʹ⣬뽫ŵȥҽںúһǰ;Ǳضǲ
ЦЦûʲôƻһһɣ
СӿɲУ
Τǰ뽫Ūȥأô˵ƽͲȥúôһѵҪȵϵʱձ̾
СûȤǾģֻҪӣʱϹͷһ㱣ݻɳһҵΤǰΪ£Ļ˵һսúһ
Ҳһ˿ԼһůǸŵӣЩȥأ½ȥˣһ춼ס
ΤĺˣһһԺҪˣ߶Τ
ô˵Τǰ֪ԼȰǲӵģˣȻСһûǸģԼȰк塣
˰ˣȻ㣬ҾͲţҪʲô£ܸͷ˵ͷӻЩģ
һҲû뵽˾Ȼ˿Ļ˵˳Τǰ˵ôһǾ͵Ǹһհ
ϾΤǰһĴ˾ȻԾеĻ˵ֻҪΤǰھˣΤǰǶҪһ׳
ӾΤǰı˵ط˽ǵĹֳڽǶһҲҪһĴҪǼΤǰҲҪһȻٺһ׳
Τǰ˵ôһǾͱʾҪԸ⣬˾ͻΪƽһе·⣬ĿذΤǰŮΰܶûôٰɣ
Ҳһ
ȷʵǾϲ˶Լδ̫ͷһ㣬ȻԼҽӦûûҪ˵زɣ
Ͳòһ㣬֪˵ʲôҩĿԼһ˼һʱ侹ֹ˻ش˵Ļ

㶵ģպһ䣬ʱѹϽܵΤ˿أ֣̿ҪΤõõĵطһ岻ݴǣ


021 Ӽ

ΤǰЦͻȻǰСһ˼ˣ˺ˣǲ˵ˣСжʮ˰ɣ
˵ͷ
ǺǣۼսҲʮˣΤǰζһЦնʱߺôתתȥתԼˡ
˵ϼһڶᳫˣ㻹˵ʲôýϲϲ˼С֮£ʲô
ѽͷԻۻˣָЦˣ˺ˣԺӴСҼǲģϲ˶ŶأŶˣպڴѧﻹʲôУأ

Щ֪ô˵Ϊ˻գǸ˼Ҳò˵ȷʵĺƯвɰ⼸ô£ѵһ˲ɣȻŮôһһƯأ
꣬գŮòԺǾһЦһЦΤǰһĪСϲۼҵղɣððҪǾ̫ˣ
ǺǣЩСԺҪһ氡ΤǰֺǺǵЦʱһƿ߽ˣΰˣ˿ΰһСŮСŮںںڵĴתΤǰĺһү
ϣۼҵСڻඣ
ʱΤǰһͨͨˣЦݳ簮ӨӨ˹Ķͷף˵ϲ۰
Сûү
ӨӨ룬үô⼸춼ûӨӨӨӨˣ
ѽүĴӨӨˣүʹȥòð
̫ˣүӨӨˣ˵Ҫһ²ܺأ
˿СһײҩţȥۣһɰСȴ֪Լ׷ʲô붼ᣬҪᡣ
λҽɣ
Τؿ֣ҽͲ˵ʲôˣӨӨĲ鷳ˣΤΤǰŮҲǸеӣ˵һһ˵Ƕ
˵ͷҪ˵ʲôΰļ򣬵ϵܣʲô˵ӨӨǷģ
Ҿ;
ٴεͷͶӨӨЦӨӨ㿴һºòã
壬ǸӨӨҽ˧Ȱְֻ˧


˴ЦոŶſɳֱΰҲЩ̿û뵽ԼұŮ˵ôһ
ùãЦʲô屾ͱȰְ˧ӨӨգˮĴ۾ίտЦţ˹ͷϺݺڣӨӨСӨӨ˵ûǱȰְ˧ǻһְֺòã
òã
СҡͷְȻ˧ӨӨĺðְ֣ӨӨֻһְ֣
ѽŮ˵һϰֿĵĻˣΰжˣȻԼŮ˵˧жˣ
˺ˣˣСӨӨúÿʱΤǰ˻ҲͰΰȴΤضһۣԼϰʲôʱôˣСˣǻֱŲεϲ
ʲô
ӨӨС忴òã
壬Ҫ㿴ˣӨӨܿܺ𣿡
ţӨӨģ㱣֤ܿͻģ
̫ˣ壬ҽ̫ˣҽԺ尢Ƕ˵ӨӨĲҪҪһأ
ǺǣЩ尢˵Ҳԣ˭ҽأǵӨӨܿͻģ
壬ܿǶðҶþûпѾѾˣˣѾѾҲңԺҲˣС졣
ΤæӨӨѾѾȥˣʱ˯

ӨӨһֵ裬ǲԩѾѾ˰ҲãôԩԼĺأ裬ڶصԼļˣѾѾôûأ
ѾѾȥѼˣ·ˣҪþòܻأ
ѽѾѾ汿裬Ҿͼǵû·ү˵ǲǰ
ԶԶԣۼӨӨĽΤǰæ˴ĴָۿȴЩʪ󣬰ⶼʲô
֣
ΤغһΤǰ˰֣ƯɰŮΤֻ絶ʣЩ죬ĶˣԼû̳ŮӨӨҪĵĳ£ҲβˣԼô
û£û£ϵİɣӨӨһκãΰæ§סЩ죬γˣܹ𣬲ܣܣֻԼһ˶ҽԺĽ͵͵ᡣ
ж᲻ᵯѪᣬɼĵһĵز
ӨӨǼıǼֵСʹȴҽ˵ʹϣҲ°̺ۣΰΤؾˣôƯɰŮҪǳˣԼ˲һǻô
ܿ죬ջ֡
Ҷһ·Ǿ˵ʱ̣Τǰ˾ֶ΢΢ЩþûָоˣţСһҪа취ȻԺô
ӨӨ彡ĺܣ
ЦЦϵĲȿһЩҩģ
ʲô˵Ķᵽɤۡ
һζҩĺѰӼֲӼϡ١
޷ôĹңҾͲҲζҩС˵
ֻҪҵֽӼұ֤ӨӨСܱܿã

˳һΤǰҲúЩʪˣǹЦЦᶼˣȻ֪ҽҲԼĲӦ£ڵõȷĴ𰸣ܲģܲЦ
Τظ˵ΰĻˮЩõϢˣ
壬ӨӨܺܿͻ𣿡
ģ
ۣ̫ˣ壬Ҫһ£
ȣ
ǺһЦСͷҲһڣСѾͷϲĽҲ֪δô̳ģ
˺ˣСô˵ˣǾͼٲˣҪ񣬾ҪȥҽӼΰأͽˣһҪɣ
ǣ
˾һһЦΤ㲵ɫҲǿ˷֮ɫֻѹͷϵĴɽжȥˡ
ܵܣллˣ
Τ֣ԽԽϲΰ˽⵽Ǹ¶¾͸ĶˣЦЦɩӿˣ
һ㶼ܵһҵĶˣҪû㣬Ҷ֪ôˣ˵ţˮ
裬ޣǲӨӨˣ
ûУûУǸ˵ģӨӨںˣ迪ģ
ΤؽӨӨ˻Լͷ⣬ϣֻǽӼˣİɣΪ㣬ڵߣҲҪǽӼҳСκá


022 Ͻ㣡
ӼӼ³˿ҩһɽУѰңһȽϣ
һ£ΰΤص˵ͷ˳ȥȻҪȥ绰ͨһѰңȡ콫ӼҵκӨӨ
СҶ°ɣ
鵽һֻеȴңȻ˵˽Ӽ֣ô˵УĴôشﲩΤǰͲССĽӼҲԣʱ˿̣á
ܿ죬ΰΤ˾˽ϴϲɫһ㶣ѵôҵˣΰֿ죬Ц֣ϵܣӼҵˣ
Ŷ
Τǰһ£Ӽ˵ôϡ٣ΪʹҵҲҪķһ򣬵û뵽˵ҵҵˣ춼ҵŮ
ô£ʵ
֣ӵģղҴ绰һϵѣױƷģҽйأԣҾ͸һ绰ԭʣû뵽ﾹȻнӼ˯˾ͷʵ̫ˣ
ΤϲʤŮоˣۿʪ󣬷ỨڣһжҪɢˣֱ죡
ãð
ΤǰҲϻθһжõķ淢չ;СһҵĸǣҲ쳣пĪǾǺкñ
δ磬ҩģ׼һ£ҩҾҩԺұ֤һƯƯĺŮ
úúã
ΰץҩͷĵĶˣԼŮڵþˣֿӵƯƯЦ˵Сˣһ̣ΰֻʹһ
ž
ΤؿϹɵ㶵վţȻҲͬˣǴһ£װŭ㻹ŸʲôϽȥץҩҪץҲˣ
ţ
ΰЩɵۣϱ֤ŷģëϯ֤׼ʱ񣡡
ʮһ㣬ҩǸӼ⣬඼Ǻͨҩģһҩ궼ҵԣΰʵɡ
ϵܣղڼţȥȥ˵꣬תߣΪ˱ŮµɽϻҲģοСˡ
Ǻǣ
ЦЦʱӨӨϣ֪ΪΣСŮȻǳչӦ
˹ùãռװ
ùãӨӨôأ޸岻ͺ𣡡С˵
һ£ȴ˸ţô°ôǴĻСģϳͼ޲ȥƵġ

ΤǰһӴЦЦǽи֣Ūն˼ȥˣҲƵܵˡ
ʱҲЩƣ龫ôֻ˵ˣǻû˵أСֵҾ;͹ùôһܺð裬˵ǲǰ
ΤЩԼҹôСͲˣһΪùòģС󣬡ӨӨ˵ôôۼҵأ
˵ţͽĿƳʵ̽أҲϲĽҪĺǸ˼Ͱһѣⲻһ²ǣ
ǣϾ˲ŸʶҺ񻹲СʱأԶߺװڵˮҲ͵ôԴġ
Ȼż棬֪ΪΣϲ˴һãһһʣһҲһ˺ֵܿأ
˶ԼЩЦⶼʲô°ôĸطᳶأѵԼһˣ
ǸʵպܺãǴѧһôƯңжûҵأ䲻˼ң
ϣ
ͻȻպʹԭ͵̫ģˮ϶ûˮҪˮͲˣ̧ͷʱͿҶԼһʱ䣬쵽˶˶ţ˵ʲô˵
ùúˣùúˣ
ӨӨСЦСͷһ£Ǹ龫ѵ㲻֪ԽԽ

ִЦʱΤؾаСһﻹǺпܵģСҽҽضǸҪռ޸Ҳ
ңҲǿˣԼϸҲ˼ȻҶ˼ôҪúıˣ£ͿˣⶼǸʲô°
ܵܣ
Τغһ䣬ûӦʶԷǺԼЩŹֵĵ˵ͷ֪Է־ʲô˼
ΰδ磬ôΤغܵҲûʲôԣʱ̣֣еĪ˼ˡ
Ұ־һŮҴ¾ͺϣһܵܣ㣬Ҿ͸оУ㿴ۼӨӨҲϲ㣬Ҫ˾ͽΪɽܰɣ

һ£ЩزôžĵأԼֻ˿İû뵽ԼҪϸɽȥ
ò˵ΤھԺģ·ǳɴ࣬ʲô˵ʲô˵ʲôҲ˵ʲôҴţɵܵܣ̾˵ˡ
ѵܵ㲻Ը⣿
ΤأݣҲúůСһ¶԰ټҷʮһ˼ģʱ˿̣ҪһԼԼĽ㣬Ҳһ¡
͵˵ͷ
ܵܣ
㣡

Τǰ̴ЦгΤ˸ĴָŮа취ôһϵСҽܶܲඣ
塭
ӨӨԺͲܺˣĸɵܵܣԺҪ˾ˣֺǺǵЦҲ̾ҪԼиŮͺˣСܵܣǰһ
ӨӨСԴһ䣺˾ˣ

æӦһû뵽Լһˣ˸ɽ㣬˸龫ֵֶŮôоЩֵֹġ
գŸʲô
ʱΤЦеĳսһܵܣĺϲ⣬һ˼֪ջؽǣ϶ûסĵط˸ף񲻾Ϳסˣ
һסǺռĻ᲻Ͷ𣬴ʱ˿̣֪ɩΪ£ɷѿģ
ղ˼˹

ߵӣһЦպݺݵһۣӣԼȻҲǹ
˺ˣҲˣ˸ܵܣǿҪúóһ٣أȥ
һΤؾվոæɩӣȥ㣡ʵڲٴˣٴҪһطȥˣ


023 Ľ
һˣ
ûãΰҲ˻һҩģϵܣ㿴ǲЩҩ
ΰԺСĵܵˣΤǰЦе˵ΰһ㶣֪ʲôΤǰЦŽ͵㰡ѾСΪɵܵˣ

ΰһ£¶ϲɫһȭЦððԺ󲻾һ𣬹̫˺ˣ

ǾصĽͱ˷ǷҽΪԼĵܵܣһˣܲģӨӨҲЦְְ֣֣ӨӨֶһ˾ˣ
ǰǰ
ΰͷһҴӴֶһඣ̫ˣС۸Ҫúúһ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ӹҩģһ£óһ룬ΰģΤҪھ͸һ°ɣҺ˾ƣֲȣ
úã
Τǰͷë뱲ӣԽѣĻŭŵĽΰȴЩԻ󣺡֣ǣ
ǺǣСҪҵë׸ΰԺͲܿඣ
֣˵ǣʱΤؿ첽˹ڳԹҲΪԼϸ׿һ£뵽Ͷˡ
ֱ˿̣ŻȻϸΪʲôôϲˣҽԭڻǰϸ׾Ѿһ˰
СҰֵëκã
û˵أΤǰɫһ壬أ˵ʲôͿСҽҲѾΪҼˣβõĵ
׷ŭΤҲգЦ֣ⲻǹΪëǲ֪˶ҽҪ֪Сô۸ʲôҲҪˣ
⻰ЩЩǸʱ˼أ˭ҵĵ
Сллˣ
Τظм˵Щ꣬ΪΤǰëûܣκԼŮϵİ̺ۣƯƯСһҪԼϸ׵ëһʱ䣬Τؿǰϵĵܵܣֻζӳ£Ҫᡣ
ӣ֪ʲôˣ㣬ڶһˣ˵ʲôлְԺͱˣЩҸģ
úã
Τˮô˵˵ãҲ̲סˮæȥƼ
أ㿴㣬ⲡҪСκˣ㻹޸ɶΤǰװŭ
֣ⲻǸ𣡡
ΤʵڿĵĽϸ׵ĲҪκˣһɽҲǷˣ˿ֻȫԽϲֻܵܣԼһԵˡ
ܿ죬Ϳʼʩ룬Τǰëǳ۾ϣҪ۾ΧѨλܿ죬Τǰ۾λĲ룬ȥΪֲ
ʱΤǰǱ̶סһȴ۾ΧȵģģֻСȻȫܵĽȴ쳣뵽ϵһӣʹţ
ջ룬Τоô
ҰоնЩΤǰ쳣пʩ룬ֱܣһֻ̣ˣ۾磬ࡣ
Цŵ˵ͷΤʩΣٺЩҩëͳ׺ˣ
úúã
Τǰ˵֣ûȼ˵ȥΤһ㶣һϲ뵽ʲôϿ˹ȥţܿ죬һŮ͸˽
ڿŮһ˲˾һ̫ˣľ춯أ޷ȥ˵ʣŮʣһһӶ޷ǡ
Ҹҽһ£λĽ£ϵĺ飬ҲѣǱλᣬȴǽ濼ŵˣң˽Ӽ
ΰӽܣһ£͸Ͻӭȥ֣ӭӭӭĽСݹ٣ĽСǼҵĶˣӨӨлл㣡
ӨӨ˹Сģлл㣬ƯӨӨƯĽˣ
ĽЦһ£ͷкӵ˹װǽӼҪǲãﻹһЩ
ллˣ
ΤظϽӹ⻹һˣʵڲ˼ӦҺΰԵŵġ
˵ʲôӦģҪǽûʲô£Ҿȸˣ
ãⷹѾˣҪ극߰ɣ
Ľҡҡͷˣǽ㣬ˣ˵꣬˵תȥ
Ľ뿪ΤǰЩˣû뵽˾쾹ȻһСŮˣѾͷδ̫Ŀ˵㣡
Ͼ˭Ҫǵ˼ҼˣǶҪǰһãĽ£ȴֱֱȥΤ˵˼仰ߣ벻Τǰ˷
֣ӵģ
Τ̾ϢһĽ£ʵҲ棬ǺϤҪΪҩнӼҲϵˡ
濼ţҵ˾Ҫ˰ɣʱΰֹһû뵽Τȴ˵ͷ
ΰһ㶣Ҳǵ;˵ģȴû뵽ô£ΤģгϵϢȻͨĽΰʵ濼ҪˣǿǺܴĹ˾ȫأ
ʱҲ˹Ľ£֪ΪΣͻȻ֪˵ϢֻĪЩ֪꣬Լ⵽ôˣԼҲǵһμ˼Ұ
ʵĽҲǸˣ
Τ̾˿˵濼ţһй˾ذĽݷ˰ɣ
Τǰɫһ˵ͷأѵǸĽݷˡ濼йϵ
Τص˵ͷʵ濼žĽݷ˿ģ

Τǰһ˶Щ⣬⵽ô£ѵΤǰĽݷвò˵Ĺ²ɣΰһΤǰֱһţӣϹʲôأ
֣Ϲʲô
ΰԩˣΤҲݺݵһۣΰһٶ˵ʲôˣҪ˵ˡ
ʱΤؽŵĽݷˣ˺ʱڹڿνҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬̽磬磬Ǿ磬
ǲ֪ʲô£ĽݷͻȻ伣ҲûκϢʱܶϲˣ˻¥أ

˾̾һ£ΰͲţӦú֪ɣô֪ģ
ǺǣҲµģ
µģŴͣЦδ⿪Ҳ̫һ˰ɣΤؾЦҶĽݣĽºĽݷ˵·ʵһģԣҲ£ĽºпܾĽݷ˵Ů
ҪĻ죬Ҫ˰Τǰ̾Ϣһƺ֪ܶ¡


024 ɼ
֣ǲ֪ЩʲôΤΤǰôһ˵üͷʱһ壬ѵԼϰĽݷйϵɣ
Τǰæ˰֣һװµĵ֪ЩʲôֻʱЩŶѡ
ӲΤһ֣Ҳûʣ֪ǸĽݷǺ͸һˣҪ֪ЩʲôҲΪ档
Τǰӣҡҡͷһ£أԺǸĽݹҪǣ̫Ҫ£
Τһ£Ľ£пǸмĺܣϾ˼˽ӼǾ͵һĶ飬ܲ
Τǰ֪ŮԼ˼æ͵˵ĲǸĽǣܴòҪݽȥ
ӰΤؿڣղſǱΤǰһĽ¶ԼжҪԺ˼ұܶԶ֮嵨Τ
֣֪ˣзִ磡
ǾͺãΤǰ˵ͷЩ꣬û뵽Ǹ׻ǽˣһŮƾ˵ݣ濼ôƲأ벻ͨ벻ͨ
˺ˣ˵ĽµˣˣǳԷɣ
ϣһĲˣɫζȫҲòΤصգȻԷ³дϵĵܵܡ
СͽȺһΤЦʵ
ƱһɣҾһ
ǺǣʲôģһˣͲҪ˵ЩˣֻҪľУΤǰֺǺǵ˵һˣȻֱడ
Ҳϻֲѣȵöſˣʵΰ˦ӺȣΤǰҲϳкƣҪЩ˼ģĺãмܲסˡ
ʹˣȵٴ²֪
ʱѾǵڶˣԴеһƸˣȥԺ׼ȳʲôԺҪư

ͻȻܾСƵģɫߺ죬а治ʱԼҲŸսôһأ
㣿
գҲЩһۿĶСһ֣ĪСĶԼ˼Ȼô͵͵һ˵ķأ
˵ʵջЩоģϾһƯСǲ֪ΪΣͻȻ뵽꣬ǸСʱͬа̾һⶼʲô°ôͻȻϹЩأ
㡭𣿡
նź̽СԴûҪǿԴ󷢣Լֶţķʲô£Լ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦˣ
ȻôܣһЩҸоͶԷһĸоǣϾ˲ż죬ɲͶԷķʲôԼһĺùͱ˱ˡ
Ȼɲ֪룬ʹ֪Ҳһ۶źգЦҪˣ

һ£ٴα죬һۣ˳ȥϴһ߳ʱվ͵㣬Ҷأ
㿴ΤǰѾںȲ죬εЦЦȶˣ˯һ죡

ΰЦΪһ裬ϵܣ治ôôôһƾأԺҪ

̲סۣһҺòãǾٺõҲҪˣ˿ֻɤӸɬĽ豭͹࣬ٴεһࡣ
ԺΪãЦ
ȾƵ˻ʲôˣϵܣпˣҴȥҵЩֵܣ֤ľΰЦ
ʱ˿̣ʮֺãĽôſΤؾͿȥˣһ⣬ʱѪͨ죬Ǳá
аЦСٴκȵңûǸˣ˵Цһͽ⣬ҿʼҩɣǵСƯƯС
˾ˣ̫ˣ
ӨӨһڣʱСѾͷܳĻ嵽˾˾˵Ļֻ˾ϲһ
ܵܣһжѾ׼ˣҪҿܵˣ
ҿʲôΪۼҿɰСʹϵɽ»ҲֵãЦЦСֶŮҲǴϲ
Ͼ˭ôɰСһһھ˾˵Ľţ¶۰֮ģ˽Ӽţһܹɼ۸


025 Ҳ磡
ɼ˵Ҳ󣬵˵ȴּϡ٣ϣҲֻ֪ҩ۵䷽
⻹һҽʱһ̯ϣԵɺϴһõģҩҪĲϣ󲿷ֶͨһ֣ȴΪϡ٣ǾǽӼ
ֲӼ֮أֵλãʹµҲֻһҲһֻӼ
ԣһҩõɼ۲ȴֻһĴָô࣬ںһݵŮͽɼȫˣЧҲ䷽Ϊء
˾ˣǲҩԺͿԺѾѾˣӨӨգˮĴ۾ʮֿɰĪһᣬȻԣҪ֪˾˿Ǻģʲôأ
Ҿ֪˾ģǸöˣ֪ƭңˣСѾͷֹһ㶣˭ֲʶ
ɫЩȻǽ͵ҵͬѧӨӨ㲻ҪϹ˵
ùãûϹ˵ϴȥҵʱ򣬾Ҵ£˵κӨӨӨӨڶûã˵㻰ǸˣСѾͷ죬ܵίƵá
ҲЩŭĵôô˵أӨӨ˵ѣǲƭҪСѾͷϣ֪ʲôأ
磡
һϣһڿ˧Ȼһ磬㽫ײϣôˣôôһ磬ͳ˳
ϴôˣ
˧ӺһЩֵˣϴ㽫ײϣҲһĵϴ󿪳Ҳ̫ˣ
֪ôˣһ⼸Ҳ֪ôˣûһ˳£Һúñ֣ҪŪˣҲù
ǣϴСҶģ
Сﰵޣƥģ׷˼СˣޣҪһҷˣҲÿ
ϴ󣬾˵Сһ˵Ĵ磬򵥣ιȥ᲻ԿھˣСһĪĿ־壬ˣֻ֣Ҫŭգֽѵô죬Ȼ֣Ҳ򲻹һǧľ˰
ҡҡͷǹȥǿǸСѾͷģ׻˵ǿͣҿղǰɣ
ҲһϴҲ֪նûкøУϴȥҽԺѾЩˣðȻá
˵ȥˣ˼ȴԣȴҡҡͷãС椣һӲӵģҾͲӻ治
ǣϴ񹦸棬ʵұĿģǻСһС־ףϴëɹˣ
СֿƥòİҪ֪׵Ĺ˾ɾȫָԼҵҵˣС֣ҲСһ鳤Ĺӣ쵽λҲȫƥˣ
СֵĻ⣬оеջջ׷£ȴ˼һָͷûҪǹ˼ɵյļǿˡ
׷գϰҲǵͷͬģǸһʽ𣬿ǣһӶԷԷ˼һ㶼򳡣Դٺܲˡ

˾ˣŪҩ𣬺㰡԰һҩ¯ԣӨӨգŴ۾ʮֺĳǣĲˡ
ЦȻˣѵӨӨŪҩǳĲɣ
СѾͷҡͷӨӨϲ㣬˾ˣҩ̫ˣ˾ˣӨӨЩף˵ҩǿģǾ˾ҩİ
ǵȻǾ˾ඣ
һ߹۲ŻһЦΤǰҲһߣЦǺǵĿһĻжЩ̾ҩȻ򵥣ζ˶ˬˡ
Сҩ㣬ҿȥ̺ۣɲأΤصˣ˿뵽̻һϾ̻̫ˣ˶Ʋס
ϾĸŮ˲أο֮УпĿģ˰̺ۣ⣬̻
ôһʣȻе˼ҡҡͷҩһζҩǽӼӼܲףĻǺܿܣ
⵹һ
ΤҡҡͷڿƼôһӼСͷİɣ¾ͽˣΤش˿̶ЩסˣȥĽݷһ£뿴ĽӼǴõģкĿأ

ΤǰΤӣоͰ̾һϣԼŮĽ²Ҫǣ̫ӣඣ
ļ򣬵ж︣ˣִ֪磬ǾͲ̫ˡ˵Сɼ̻ȷʵܴҪܻͳһǿأǲԹҶһ£
Τǰ˵ͷӶǴսϻϸҲ˴뱲ӣȻϻɾɼ˵ʱ˾֪еľ޴ֵ
С򵥰
ʱΤǰҲòٴθ̾һҽ㹻ˣ˾˵ҩɼ⣬֪ʲô˵ķأҪҵ˶֪һʲô龰
˿̣ΤȴϲʤԽԽϲҩԼĵܵܣ˵Լɲͽˮ¥̨ȵˣѾˣҲҪɼ۸һӴҵ۹أ
δʱ˶ˣЩ֣˭ˣΤصļңһλϾ԰ƽʱ˹ڡ
ϴ󣬺㰡
ڴǰС̽Դʵ֣ʲôô㰡˺ֻоˣС־;Ļˣζû˰ܡ
ҲЩ֣ζǻζʲôôأʱһķ˹ˣʵҪ˭
ãͬѧڼͬѧ˵ӨӨСԺˣǽ̽ģæ˵
ԭյͬѧ
ǵǵģͷое㰵ŭⱣķҲ̫û۹ˣ˵˴ҲǿţƥģҪԼңͽˡ
ǵһ£˵꣬ķתˣ͸Сֱɵۡ
ģӾȻˣ
ԽԽļҲ򵥣˵ҲΤؼҲڣһķԴͲˡ
ϴ󣬿ģģǽ̽ģҪոùϵǧСæȰţϴƲסƢǳʲô¡
ûãķ˻ţ˽ȥ룬ԽԽŨԽԽ֣⵽ʲô
Сֵĸ첲С̻⣬ͳ걣ķʵ̣ǻ԰ʲôô㰡ѵǻ𣿡
걣ķҡҡͷǣҽҩ
ҽ
оһ̾뵽˰׺ӵүү֣յļôҩأѵ˭ˣ
ܿ죬˾걣ķĴ£ҩĵطʱ̾ͿȺеգôҪŮȢҵͷˡ
ǣ
ʱΤҲˣǲԸ˵ģβס˼յͬѧһ̽ԼұŮģҪǲҲ˵ȥ
ˣˣӨӨһˣ̽͸Сһ㶣ˣԼʲôʱ˻ˣоһŭ
ӨӨ˵ʲôأ
ΤصԼҹŮһۣϾǿͣô˵˼ǻأǱһɣӨӨȴίСָ裬ǻˣ˵ҪκӨӨڶûã裬Ǿǻˣ

ЩСѾͷƬӣǺĺòãˣôܸκãҪǸ£Ͳ֪ңȥˣһˡ
ʱΰҲվ˳Щ˼ĵС£λɲҪϡ
ûû£æ֣ò˵һֱڣ϶º͵Ц⣬Ҫƾ֮࣬Ǹ˧С磬У԰ڣҲУ֮һһٶУݣ֪жŮѾͶĻˣֱһŸˡ
ôˣɫЩÿôЩͬѧ֮飬ԴӨӨϣͬѧ֮ҲҪˡ
˵ӨӨԺˣҾЩգǶͬѧˣҪʲô£֪һֻҪܰ쵽ģһ㣡
ȿȣ
ΰаգС˭Ȼ׷ҵãҪôڳһȭͷͽſˡ
÷ѡñǽţ͵ллǹӨӨﻹпˣҪûʲôµĻҾǳȥɣ

һ£ʲô˼Ӻĺ̽һȴҪӣдûʲô£ǹˣ˾ҽ𣿡
ת⣬òܹϵɲôˣҪ˵Ļһᶼûˣ̵ġ
˵ʱҲһȦΤǰҽԺ֪յļˣʶڼҩ뵽걣ķеҽȻҲͲµˡ
ҽƭӰɣ
̣оͻƥģƭӾȻƭˣⲻרŸһ𣬹ֻЦֻʹ
˿̣ҲվЦҽҵҾһ򣡡
Ŷҽܸʶ㰡Це֣ҽǼʲôҩôô㣬һûŹأ
ߣˣ
ӨӨڵ˵ҪκҵĲ˵㻰ҵĲҪκˣҲǣ
ţ
һ㶣ӨӨõһϢǾҩǰСĲСĲȻϣ⡭
ɣѵνҽҩΪСϵİ̺ۣ
һ¾ͻȻҽһνƭˣӨӨϵİ̺ۣЩרҶûа취ڣһļһ˵ҽκӨӨޣƭӣҽ첻Ҵ㣡
գӨӨ˵𣿡ȷһ£СʱҲ뷨Ͼ˺˶ΣֻҪԷһƨɣǱ֤֪Էʲôʺ
ȻģӨӨĲܿͺˣҪûʲô£߰ɣ
ղٿˣȻĺ˧ҼҲܷǷһŲˣ͵͵һֻۣ˿˳۶ˣҲ֪ôֻҪ˴һͼΪɣ˶˶Ƶġ

յĻ͸С˾һɾ˱ݵʱǿյҽУҪκӨӨ֪ǰ˾һƭӰôᣬҽƭ˭ǲŵģ


026 ӳȥ
ƴĲκãҺСǲ֪ƴʦλʦҺСֻʶأЦеʵ
һۣЦʦһУͬѧôʶأ֪ͬѧʶЩҽܲܰҽһأ
һ㶣ƵģʶʲôҽղŲĻѣЦƴ˵ЦˣҽʶӦñһǣĸҰܰ
а֣µʱҲҹӸ磬֪ǵƢԣǰ׷գԼôᣬΪԼƭӣӶԼأ
ƴ򣬾֪ĲӦúΰӨӨʱҲʹĻģԾͨϵ׹רңǶûа취û뵽ﾹȻҽˣС֣ǽǲа
һ˵Żһ߿ռۣ˵⻰˼ҪڳˣӨӨϵˣЩ׹רҶû취ǰСУȻƭǰ
ò˵Щӣ֪˵⣬Ҫһˣ治֪СžţΪڿأ
ЦͬѧˣҾһβҵıݣôҪһԵģһأ
ЩƭƢãԼⷬҪСˣ׼һȴ޶ԣ˵ôһԼûȥˡ
ϴܾС־֪ԼϳʱˣЦƴר˵УȴУǵҽǱҽ
С֪ѧϰҽģô˵ǱʾձȲ𣬶ͬʱҲ֪ǸĸҶҽһֳԣ˵ҽҽãǲì
ʱҪûڳҲҪĸСֵļˣЩּһԼҲѧЩ֪ʶ
ҽҽʵֻһ־βҽ˭Ҳ˭ãֻҪβ˾УЦ
˵ĺã
Τǰ˵˿͸ϲˣԱ˵ŭ仰㽫ǹ껯Уʵ
а̾һΪУݵЩøеģںһȣֱϺ͵ˡ

˿̣Сֺһۣ˰û뵽ǰһﾹȻôСһ£͵ƴҩκӨӨСġ
Ҫȷһ£ô˼
Цŵ˵ͷ
ƴ㡭ȷСٴεʱΰЩˣȻյͬѧҲô˵ɣⲻŲԼĹŮ𣿣
д
˵ͬѧͬѧҪûʲô£ҾȥɣˣϬĿ⣬ֱ˶˶ӣҵ谡ʲôĿⰡҲ̫ˣ
δ磬Ҳѧҽģòôҽٴһɣǻҽһأ
ΰĿ£ΡΡ˵ͬʱаޣ㲻һҪյĴ磬ʰˣ
ΰǿͣôԴأΤǰʱ򿪿ڵҲòվ˵ô꣬һ۾ͿС˼ˣȻǿˣǾҪó˼ҵķȣôϿߵأ
֡
ΰ˵һ䣬Ŀ˹ֻֽ˻ȥж͸Сˣӿ˳ˣ
͸Сֿһ֣ͷҲбѵһ죬ãǺðٴοСĥһ£͵ƴ򣬼ȻˣܲҲҿͷˣ
Ҫԭα¶
ԼǼΪ˽ģһ£ҪԼ˵ǲƭ𣬵ʱݺݽҴͰϴõ׷𣿣
ãǺð
ЩǲײĲᰡ͵һ֢ûʲôë
ţ
Сһ£Լô֣˭֪֢Ҫ˵˵
ƴ򣬾Щʵ
һ£͵˵˶һ㶣ѵСʲôëǸСԼһ£漴͵˵ͷ
С˵ţʾԼָġһ룡

һʱ䣬˶סˣʲô˼ǡҵ죬һʱ䣬Ŀⶼ΢΢˸С֡
Сһһͨ죬㡭㡭֪˵ʲôˣر˵Ŀ⣬޲Ҹطȥ
Ҳߺаգô˵ĻأĿ΢΢˸С֣һֵˣȻȻ
ʱҲ˸С֣Ŀ΢΢ЩŹ֣Сæǡǡƴ˵ѡǸƭӣ
ļ֮£ֱӽĻ˵ˣʱΰӲˣһ粽˸Сǰ˵˭ƭأ˵һ飬ҽӳȥ

С߳ŭƭӣƭӣϵİ̺ôκãҿϹˣ˼ƭ˻֪
ס죡
Τǰһڴ˾¶һʱ䣬ֻо쬵ģΤǰ俴˸СһۣС־;Լڱѩ֮Уȶֱ
ҵ֣ʲô˰ֲ̫ˣ
Ϳͣ
Τǰ³֣ȻҲˣ͸СֵãЩ˵ģڣʢŭ
ߣ
ΰֱ̽ק͸Сֵţͽ˸ק˳ȥŵʱиһֱӽ˸˳ȥлټǣҪټһδһΣ
˵꣬źϣҲתȥ
ޣ
һһףԴ٣ܹΰĺޣ֮ˮϴˢˣͬʱĺޣҲǻɽҪĵز
ΪҪûƭӣǽĻܵ˴Ȼ˼Ҹ˳д
Ϳ˸С֣
ϡϴ󡭡
Ŀ⣬СЩ޵ݣǼ£Сĥʹ죬ȴ˵ˣҲǲ˵˽ģκΣСֱƵ̫ˣҪٲ˵ʲô֪СҪôQأ
ôС
˰죬СĵıȻһ£Сһʱϣ⻹ôһˣ˿ίģˮֱӹӣֱӴһ
ȥ
һ̣ҲʶЩ꣬ΪʲôõĻ飬ǰӾˣԭԵĿ԰


027 Ȭ
͸Сֵ£ֻһҲף˿϶ǺԼˣԺ󣬻֪Ҫǳ鷳أ
һ꣬ǾһˡϢֶԣ˵ļǳԻͣҪǽ֪ᷢʲôأ
ҲһµˣħĳƺţҲͱгģҪҲ磬ҲҪ֪Լ
СԺҪСһ㣡Τǰ£ôأԷûгƣҲʲôֻСġ
˵ͷ
˾ˣԺҪ۸㣬Ұ˾ˣղ˵ӸСʲô˼

ɫһͣ˵ˣղֻųû뵽ﻹôһС˿ӨӨô˵һʱ䶼֪Ǻã¿û취˵
˾˵ָͷСֻһڣӨӨ͵˵ͷһȻӣԭ


˴ЦҲЩԺɲСѾͷǰ˵ĻˣȻԼûӣ˵˵ЦЦһֱʱҩżã
˾͵ͷһҩȻһŽŨֻǺһڣ˾͸оҪƵģ
СǺ𣿡ΤȲʵ
Цŵ˵ͷҲУһЩҾͰӨӨϣ֮ӨӨ֤һƯƯɿɰС
˾ˣ̫ϲˣ


죬ҲûȥΤǰ壬ӨӨ棬죬ҲûѧУʹڼ
𣿡
ʱ򣬴ҶڿͬʱҲһˣǾӾӾصģͬʱҲ뿴ҽǲô˵ʵ˿Ҳͦģ
ˣھͲɣ
ЦЦһ˵꣬վͿʼ֣ѧҽģɴǻֵ˿̣ΤغΰҲԱߣһۿԼŮǲָֻԭˣ
ɴһһĽҿ·ǻʱʱ̽Ҫ⣬˺ЩأһɴڽҿʱֻСװۣﻹʲô̺ۣƯˣ
ӨӨ
Τ˹ȥһͺݺŮһڣһʱ䣬ˮʵڿƲסΪŮҪʮֹһˣڣŮֱǸƯƯɿɰŮˣ
裬ôˣӨӨĲ𣿡
˺ˣ
ΤͷΰļһжڲУʱ˿̣ѪӣۿҲ⣬ΤǰҲ˺ü
ˣں˰磬һжȥˣʱΤǰֻضƵģ˵ڡ
׳ϲϲ
ӾҲֺǺǵЦ˵ʱһۣи̾һǰġħھȻˣκӨӨС
£Ҳȫ࣡
Ҫ֪Щ죬ֳܴҲùϾӨӨĵϳ£ҪСβãô£ܾһӶ޷Ĩȥ۵ˣ;Ҳܾ͵һˣҲǰ
ϾܹλãΤǰ˾Ҳǳ˺ܴԣûΤǰ֧֣ôֳλãȣ治˵
˿̣ӨӨСκˣҲǳһ˿۹ǾЩһˣϴߵʱԼûǷһ
Ҳ֪ԼŮԵ֣ǲǻмĿˣ
˿̣ЩԼˣôõŮҪȥҰԼȴöԷĴԼˣ
ң󣬱տĿܲһҵ죬һδ̫һ㣬ŮǸСڣˣ
޲ȥһһƣ
㲻ϲŮôôĴأҪ˿֪Ӿ˼һʮԼԩĻģϾֱڣŮСֶûأӣ
С˲ǼˣӢܰ
ӾļԵĸ̾Ҳ֪ˣΤصĸɵܵܣǺΤǰҲйϵ˲ã˲ð
ǫЦЦҲû˵
ӣӾоһѵСһԼ˲ɣҲǣʱԼȷʵе㲻صҪǵʱԼǸöðӾ˿ڵĽֻһʧܵľˣ


028 յ˼
С⼸һֱڼƲֵģͬѧˣϴε£ҲЩڣ㵽һ˷ǲ֪Сûпհ
ӾЦе˵Ϊ˻Ĺϵֻý˽Ҳ˵Ϲ⼸ȷʵЩ㲣ںأ
ԴϴߺͺೳһܣӾȰ˺üζûãﱾЩʹ죬Щɼǽ쵽һĻĻ֪Լˡ
Ц壬⼸һûпգһѾҽˣ죬ҪпˣһԵŰݷã
Ӿ͵˵ͷǺãǽɾ˵˰Сɲܷҵĸӣ
ֳܴĸСϰôҷأͷİɣпˣһŰݷãЦ˵ô궼ͬѧΪַҲЩⲻȥ
ӾȻ˵£֪ˣôͱҪȥһˣȻҪⳡսһֱȥɡ
ʱΤǰȴ˵С滹һҪΣ
һ㶣˵ͷǰΤ㡭Τǰ˵ͷûСһսѣսңգǽݹֵܣҽҾȥǸսһƣ
ԥһ£ǵΤ𣿡ΤǰЦһҲʮˣ㽫Ǹ˿ȥǸսѿģ
Ǻã
͵˵ͷϾѾ˵ˣԼһˣⶼѾȥˣҪԼٲȥǾҪʧˣ
ǰҪȥģ¼˵£ƴ˼죬һֱȵڣ;͹ȥ
ΤǰĶԻӾЩ̾ҽǿˣû˵⣬ɾǹϵ鰡Ͼ˭ܲأһŦ
˾ˣ˾ˣ
ʱӨӨ˹СһֱɴţԲδʮֺۼڿ˦ɴʱֵСʹ˵ЦͣǳĿġ
˾ˣںˣ̫ˣ˾ҵż񣡡ӨӨһԲԲСգˮĴ۾ҪɰжɰС֪ôģ͸оů뵽СʱԼɣ
һ¶ԶԺӣϲ˿̼ӨӨЦĺܻӣҲ̲סСһڡ
ȣ
СѾͷҲһڣͻȻðġ˾ˡСѾͷĽΰЩˣʲôʱԼŮӶԼ˰
ĽʲôҪûСôƯĹŮ𣡡ΤԼɷһ£ΰЩЦʶܼˣΡ
˾ˣְˣְֺÿСѾͷգ۴˵


ΰŸʮӨӨ˹СѾͷʼȡЦˣϰôʰ㣡
׳ӨӨûˣҲͷˣм£׳㱨֪׳ûпգ
˵ЦһӾΤǰ˵һ㶣ˣӾ϶Τǰ㱨Ǹ£ּҲ˵أ
ϾǸʱһҪûʲôè壬һ㶼ţҲȷʵ¶ˣӾרŻ㱨⼸ĳɹ
׳µӾ͵ǵõзԣչȫּҽȫλĳ飬ҲڵõһЩϢ㱨ɹģ
ȻΪӨӨ£û

Τǰ˵ͷվһ¥ȥ£ΤǰνʢŭȻ˽ԼŮôܰݣ˺ݺݳͽһǻΪΤǰǰëϻһûأ
뿪ҲվЦδ磬ղ滹е£Ҿˣ
и˵£ΰ֪͵˵ͷҪҪҿ㣿
ҡҡͷˣҴˣ
УȥɣҪʲô£ֱӴҵ绰ΰļ˵仰˼ǾҪ鷳ֻůůģ˵ͷ
գСﻹϤСȥɣȻСܻ·ģΤЦЦ˳հһһʱúͮͮģЩҿ
㣬˰ɣЦ
Τصһۣôãطô󣬶·û˴ţתתˣ˵Ҳûʲô£ڳȥɢɢأ
Ǻðɣ
ΤصС˼ﲻ֪ڴպԼأգûʲôоҪʧˣ
˾ˣϻ𣿡
ҿɣҪûʲô£Ҿͻ˵һ䣬һ˳ȥߺӨӨСԴʵ裬˾ں͹ù̸𣿡

պһ⻹һκһ˳ɢֻһͣǴûеĸоһʱ䲻֪Ǻá
СѧУһԹŮȻصԼ󣬵ҲЩЩ˵磬ףһԹŮ
ںһ;Լܲƽûһк˹ԴǷǷҽ󣬲֪ΪΣվͺ˽ǰˣ˽Ĺȥ
գô԰ɣգݳĬҪٲ˵Сһ·ϾͲ˵ˡ

հһղź˼أûĻһʱߺЦЦ˵ҽտ𣿡
ţ
˵ͷͬʱ˿ԼգֻǼ˲ܶԼİƣԼǲҲǸ˼أ
գڼһֱûп尢̣֪Ц˵һ䣬ȷʵЩɻ󣬱ϾӨӨô£Ϊүүȴһֱûг֣Щ
հһ˲ˣһ㶣˲õĲ룬Īǡû˵أվЩįĵʮ꣬ҸĸȥˣǺҸһ𳤴ģ
Բ𰡣
ЩȻС뵽˲õ£ϾǺܲʹļ䣬ʮʱʧȥ˸ĸһֱ͸Ϊ££㷢ҡҡͷûʲôģЩ꣬ҸҺܺãҲҲҸʵұҪöˣ
˵ͷ
ôһø磬ҲȷʵյĸյҸ˵Դʮһ˴棬Ժ˵˵һûȥأ
ЦðҪҾ͸˵˵ԼЩ£ȻȻҲ֪޲ԣҲ˵ĵڶˣ


029 С¹
ˣˣˣ
Сּ˵ˮ죬棬һֱȵڣ֪ȵĶҿ࣡
ԼġСֿνпԣϾһˣ˭˭չ۷磬ǣֱڻһöôأ
Ͼһҹܻʲôطò֣Ҳ뿴ЩŮĵԣЩ˭֪жʹ࣬ΪҲ֪˶ҽ
ǶЧ
ʱ¥ˣΪǩУ̫ʹˣǰ죬һСӣȴ˵Ĳ飬һǵ˵ʱ߳ŭǵȻȥ󣬷ӦڵĳӶˡ
ǸˣֻǿԼһۣûӴ˵ԼĲ飬ǻҽʲôԼȴôţҽƭӣѺݺ˦Լһơ
ԣ⼸죬һֱȥţȺҲȥģǣΰѾ˵ˣСֺ˺׼Žȥ
ԣСֿνȵĶɡʯˣҪǸС⼸컹㶮أ͹ˣ
ˣڳˣ
ҪţСѾ˹ȥʵ̫ȲˣԺġԸѹҽˣڼ֣ܲ
ҽҽִš
ںĿ˹ǸС֣һ֮ǻȻҽˡ
С֣
ʱҲ˸С֣üͷһ壬ˣûӡƾżеǮͲ˷һƭӣԭ¡
˿̣ĹϵǴãҴڶԷߣĪĻеСϲãȴСôһ֣Ҳɲˣ
˹
ҽءڼˣСֳ˹һһһģҪ΢΢Ҫһܱˡ
ʲôҺʶɣ
ҽҡСְСЩί˵ֻһЩ񺮣ޱ˵Ҳʶ㰡
ͬѧ
ӣС־ͲһĿ⿴գͬѧҽ˵˵û춼ҲãҲԣҽǸ˵˵
Сֶȥˣ
ӣ͵֪ˣαصأ
ԶԶԣҲãҲԣ
СֻԼί£ȫģԼֻһֶѣңԼҲû˵ʲôȴҽǾǻԼԸ
ڵĳӶˣ
˼һҽԼȥʲôӣҪҽΰôܻȥӨӨβҲȥģԼʱģ
ͨ

ҽҲãҲԣǸȾҰ
Сһҧ͹֪Ҫǲʲô϶ǲԭˣһ򣬾һЩĿ˹Щ棬֪СôͻȻͳһһŮˣѵǸǸŮԭ£
ҲûıСǮ˿Ǵڣ˵ǸﳤĻƯϵǸӿܾǱŮ˰ɣ

̾
ЩҲ˵ֹҲЩܲˣֻģҪߣӣЦȻȥɣ
𣿡ʶ˵һ䣬ʶʲôôһǰ˵أǺְЩġ
ЦЦİɣȻȥɣ
֣һ£͵˵ͷСҽģֲµģԼϹˣҵ
˵仰ֻҲƵˣ
뿪˸Сһۣɣӳɺͳ
ҽǴӦˣСһϲ
ıְɣ˵֪СʲôˣԼˣֿҪԼĽκˣ֪ԷҪôԼأ
Ͼ˰
׷գɾͽΪ˵ˣ⣬ǲɵ͵ìܣ
ƺ֪ôģСæҽҪԮ֣ҸСһӵĶˣҸСַģⱲӾԲ£
¹ԼһԸСܷŹֻקĿʹˣ
ɣ
һֵۣг𣿡


030 ͽ
Сһ£һʱ䲻֪ʲô˼ѵԼҪ𣬺ðֻҪҪͺãһоͺðˣ
һۣҪȥ
СŴͣԭԼˣϽУУҽҪȥұ֤͵
˵һַ
Сĥ˰죬˵ĵַڽƾɣһֱ˵Ҫ裬ȴһֱûжҪȥС־ˣƾݣȥﰡ·֪أ
ˣԼȥɣ
ӣ֪֪·Ҳø˵ˣ̧ȾߣСһ飬ϽơҽƬЩˣʲô˶УҪҽһȥܰҽأ
ġָأ߰ҪˣҲҪ˵ҲˣҪˣǰ׹ˡ
һ£Ǻðɣȥһ⳵
֣ڴӦСϲʤͷʲô¶Ѱǰ˲õӡֻԹץֲˣ
ܿ죬һ⳵˹СָϽ򿪳ţޱڵĽ˽ȥ⳵˾࿴ۣС˭ӵͦģ
ʦַߣСϳ˵˵ַ˾ʦӦһСʱ󣬳һƬͣ
ķӣ㣬ֺǽשߣǳƾɣһҲҺģǼֱر
Сüûֻܲ߰͵Сأ
ҽȥﰡСʵ֪ﵽ׸ʲôѵѣδ̫˵ɣסôƾɵķӣҪɡ
߰ɣ
˵һ䣬Сֻøţֵ󣬸Сֻ嶼ҪˣҲ̫ˣЩѡ
ɣʺǽôߣһ̯˵ʵǰʻ̧ͷǽְһֱǰߣٹ־͵ˣ
ллˣ
ЦŰ˰֣òˣڵɥඣ
˵ĻҲЩп˭ûа취ЦЦŸСֵ˵ͷͳǽȥ
ϴϴ㿴ˣǲǿӹˣһԼҵϴ󣬺ë˿ϣСܵĻ۾㿴͸С߹
ˣ
ë৵һһСܵϴ⼸һǮûǶˣǲҪݺݶһѰ
ëһƣ³ǩûˣߣԭƻ£
֣
СĥôԼβʱһȻײ˹ֱӽײһƨɶףʱʹֱ
Ҳݣĸ˸Ӳ۰Ӳ㶼ײˣСƿڴأͿһȺСģ˽ԼΧ
Ҳݣû۾ֵײĶǳѪˣ˵ô죿
ëһǩʮŵ˵СЩɵۣ۸˵ķݣȴ˷۸ˣ⻹û
˭ײӣӲǣСҲǷڽǣҲһСӸ磬ҪǱһȺС۸ˣԺ乫Ӹǰ죬ƿڴ
ëЩɵۣδ̫˵ɣûԼô𣬶ҾȻԼֱһȥݺ̤ڸСֵĶƤϣʱøСֲ㽫ҹ³ˡ
Ҳݣ
Ҫëһ̤ȥСһУʹ亹ëСӣҸţǲǻĲͷ˰ײСܣǾĴ˵ô찡
ȻҲΧм䣬Сֱû֣ϾСҲͦȥˣЩϲСֵǸԼģһų˳ѣҲƾСֱԷ۸
ӣӦɵİɣ
ȥСӣ˭ûôֵײҵֵܣϽǮʮ飬ȻӿɾҪжϼˣ
Ҫ
СŻˣëӣ˵ٻⶼһȺ죬޷죬ԼҪǲնԷ˵İ죬ԷܻжԼ弸ôԸ⣬ûأ
⣬⣡Ͻ
ЩСֵδ̫С˵㣬һв̱ˣҲ̫˵㣬ڸСֻëأܵĽֻϽ뿪ʮеǣ
ëͼСܶһۣҲδ̫˰ɣѵϵСǸЩԸˣʮ򿪵еˣǸСܴܺһӵ˵ϣʹ໽УȥСֿһһ㶵ģҲЩ
٣СּܲˣСܴСಡһײô죬ʮû
ȥģ
СҲ̲סˣȻǮҲɣ⻨Щˣʮ򰡣ѵӵǮǰ׼ĲɣһʮӸҲȥˣΪǮδ̫˵㣡
Ҳݣ㻹ӣ
ëһ⻰ʱ۾ٴ̧žҪȥߵϵĸС֣СһУǽ˰죬ûн°۾󣬾ֱۣ
ҵ죬ʲô
ֻһȺС죬ȫֱ鴤ǵƵģվһ˵ӣСЩɵۣѵҽǸ˲ɣȻЩС˭İ
ҿǣҪ´ٿǾͲôˣ
˵ϵĺëһ飬ղ֪ôˣֻǰһΣȻһֵǾ˵ϣҵ죬ѵ˲ɣ
ƥġ
ëҪҲƽ˶ϰߣһֻһëʱˣһɾʹϯ壬ͫ׵ɴҲŵĴģ֪ԼҸ첲Ǳǰ˸ȶˣ

һ󰧺Ȼǻ죬һСܵϴ󣬿Ǵûôʹⶼȥˣ̫ôʹˣͷϵ亹৵ľ
ѵٲȶһ첲

ëˣֱһħ̫޼ɵˣ˵ԼֲȶϾͲȶϣʹԼǻ죬Ҳûôݹ
žʹһµСܸϽܵûӰˣǶˣȺСֱ͸˼ûȣ㿴˼ݾϾԼҪѧϰ
ɣ
źëûˣſڵϵĸС֣ЩСҲ}Ļţ⻹ûôأԼͶˣ£ҽӡӲˣţԼôôùأ


031 ļͥ
ơҽСַάʵҲ㲻ǹά˵Ҳﻰ߰˸С죬գۼ㱻ſˣֵδ̫ǿ˵㡣
߰ɣ
˵һ䣬ֱǰȥΧһĿⲻʱ̾˿ΰĲôҲ֪ǸСǲİȫ
ǽֺ󣬾һ͸СֱһС¥ǰⶰС¥ǽ϶ЩѷˣĸСֶľս
ơҽҪȥ𣿡Щ£һⶰ¥Σ¥ƾԼأ߽ȥҪһô죬ûأ
ҪǲȥĻŰɣ˵
Сһ飬ϽأҽҸС־͵һŸҽأû취˼أԼֻ׸ˣ
Ǿһȥɣ
һ˽ȥļ¥ڶ䷿¥ڵģ⣬Сֽſˡ
ҽѾʹﰡ⻷Ҳ̫˰ɣС˵ͬʱ˼ҲȥҪҽѹϵôҪǺõĻǾͰһѣԼͺҽϹϵ
ˣ
š
˭ﴫһСЩ䱸һ̫ܲƽʹң
ơҽ
ٴδЩϲű㱻ˣ¶СԴС¶ϲ뿪ĵЦݣơҽ
˽ȥСָں棬ʱ۾һƯСﰡѵλҽŮѣǲӦð
ϾôƾɣҪǰСҽŮѵĻǾͲӦסﰡ
ãҽġѣҽиС֣ܸʶ㣡ҽܣܵʱ򣬻һۣû˵ʱһԼҽ˰ɣ
ã
Ҳһ䣬͵͵һۣ֪ԷҪѹҪʲôǿͣһ˲赹ˮǿ
лллл
ͲСæлǸ߸ϵǽ죬ȴĲˣʵϣҲòλҽѣܻŮѣɲܵ˶Է
ֹ岻ڼ𣿡ʵ
ҰֳȥˣɫЩˣоһǰ׼ģһֱ˵£ƴǵ˽죬ˣȻˣĪ²ɡ
ֹ֪òһ䲻ʵģ
Сҽʣ
ֹǲǷʲô£ʲôˣ
ûûСæҡͷ˵ͷ϶ˣȻԷԸ˵ҲͲˣȥ˼СܾҪˣϾ˼ҵ˽£
ơҽ
ƴɣҽɲҵЦЦô˵ҲͺһƴԱߵĸС־Щƣ˵ʲôϵһҽһƴģŮѵĹϵ
ֹͼ˾һֱס𣿡СʵŪ飬ϾҪǰĻǿһǮȻǮǮҲǴģ
˵ͷЩįҲˣǰ˴Ķƣ϶ǸǮˣһѣ϶һˣ֪ôģЩɬֻܵĻģ
һ裬ʵֹ֪ĸס
ƴʹȥæȸ׻ȥԼĸƲģϾ£ΪŮЩԼҪΪĸƲҲܵ˼ҵʱ䡣
վ
ңҲˣʵһ󷿼䣬м䱻ľ䣬һͿһɫв԰׵ĸŮƺ˯ˡ
裬ƴˣߵǰС˵ЩʣСֿЩ⣬˵ֹĸһֲˣ

СЩɵֲۣˣҵ죬ҽΪֲ˿ԼҪúˣ⻹ûмأ
ʵҲ뿴ҽǲô棬ϾֻһۿĲû˵ܲκãҲʣ˵ֻһϣ
ֹҾȸĸװѸɣ
һӣʱҲĸ׵·ΪԼĸʮּϣǰҽΪ漣


032 ¶
ֱӺŷ£Ҫһ£һӾͿˣȴӣվߵĸ׽ǰƤϸĿ˿ּλ
ľٶһĶ쵽ɤˣҲҿ˵ҪǴ˼·ǿɾͲˣ
ҽôССʵֲ˿⻹ͷһμϾС˵棬ֲҪѹǧѣûϣˣ
ûлشĻʵֹ㽫ĸ׵Ĳ˵һ£Ҫ˽һ
ţ
˵ͷǰǰӵģʱһ󲡣춼Ǹգҽ˵ˣҽԺĵƬӣø㿴
˵ţʹ򿪴ǰСӣһֽ˳һСĵķŵǰϸĿ˿
СҲ̲ס˷ֻǷһͷˣЩܸ߼ĶǿһۣʱͿ￩һ
ˣ
ʱʹµǸ׻ˣϽ˹ȥŴ򿪣ʵҽ𣿡
֣ƴ迴أ˵

һ£ѹ͸Ͻȥ˻ûʹ˹ҽôԹˣӦøҴ绰ȥ
˵ΪȻСһ֣ΪأÿһƬӣ˽ҲվЦˣʱ䣬͹ˣ
ҽ𣿡¶ʵæ֣ѾˣЩίԼѾˣп˹ȻдڸôʣԼһòƵġ
֪ԼôһʣԼŮίĿҪ˿һĶϵԼˣʵҽ˵ѾΪӿˣôӻܹ𣿡
û˵һ£ĲûشΪĸףõĲǲǱ˶
ҪûпĻӦǻĵ£һϷشѾǿҪ֣ǣĸΪʲôȴֶأ
裡
һֱû˵ΪԼĸҲβˣ˵ĸ״ͷǰˮ޳˶Ϊˣһϣģڡ
ֹȲҪޣ
ڰֵһʱɴۣˮأʣĿСԱ߰ǻֹҽû½أʲô˵ҽǿҽʲôβãҽ˵ǰɣ
ڸСֵǵС˼ﲻ֪Ҳ˵¶촽Ҫʲôȴ͵壬ӵĲеѣ

һʱɴ۾еѣô˵ϣˣͨһҽȾӣⱲӾţҲᱨĴ
壬
ôԷͱǳҪһֱţǻ٣òײŽ͵壬ż˵
ãã
²ΡΡڴϣͺãһ˿ϣҲڴ²֪ӣۿҲʪæһˮһϣĿ
ʱҲ˼ˮۿģŵĿϣˣҪ˵ֲ˵
壬һ£һûͷʵ
⡭
һ£֪ʲô˼һССĳ⳵˾ʲôͷæҡҡͷҽЦһûи˺ۣʶҵˣϺˣ

ô˵Щˣ˵ƶļͥӦ˶µ¶ⶾǻĶ
ֶ֪Ϊϡ٣һѵǮҲǼµϣǻɱţˣ
ҽǲϳʲôˣģܽôҶܵסҲôʣͲµһЩйǣ˵ģôܵס
ƴҡ赽ôˣεĺ𣿡˵ţˮһ뵽Сʱĸ׵ĻϵǣãЦֿŴ˿ڴϵĸףˮƲס˲վ

̾һȻˣǾֱ˵ɣô˵Ĳ˵ԷļΪҽְ𣬾͵壬ֹʵ̵õĲǲǱ˶

²ţҲɴ۾ǸСҲЩ˼飬¶ΪĵӾ簡ôܣ
ơҽ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣԼӣȻǱ˶űӣΪˡֲˡôܣһûи˺۹ôأ
ҽǲŪˡ²òôʣϾԼһɴûйͷΪŪˣ
СҰһͣʼһﲻǸƭӰɣȻô˵ôƵĻأ¼Ҳˣ˭¶ⲻǰںɣ
壬֪˵ĻǿܲţɣӦװɣ
УУ
ǺãȥŪһЩףˮԵˮò̵زʱͻῴһǸʱӦˣ
⡭úãŪ
ǸӣϽȥŪף˸Сһۣȳȥɣ
Сʵ뿴һ׻ʲôҲ֪Լڷﲻ㣬ϾղָǸλãǲȥģ
ҽˮŪˣ
ȥɣ
˵ͷ¶ˮ˽ȥʮּУûһʹһַһ
ŵŵţ
ɫҰ׵˳Ҫǰϵˣһӽס壬ǲǳһֻ
ţ
¿ͷڸղţˮزһºûӣȻƤϸֳһֻǺ·Ƶģŵûɢ
ʱҲ˳ɫ԰ףˮҲֱͣȻĻԼĸжˣǣǡ
ô
ƴȾ裡ʵĿֻΨһϣˣʮ˵ȥһˣΪ裬ʲôʲôԷ


033 Źֵ
ƴҽˣҲȾ裡
һƯŮ˰Ҳֹ̣ͷİɣһŬĸ׵ģ
ƴ𣿣ʱһĶԼˣΣҪԼ裬ôһڴϡ
˼ŬԼ˷ִ磬ҽڵĶԽ𣿡
ԣ˵ͷ
۾һٴһҽǲǺѽ⣿
ǵģҪĻҪһЩҩģЩҩĶܹ󣡡
û˵ˣ˼ⶾҩǸ͸𣬱Ͼļͥ˵̫ˣ
ᰡСﰵ¾ʱ򣬾ѾʮȷҽˣԼֵĻᣬܷҽ׻˵һʤ߼£ǾһԵ֣㽫Щҩ˵ȥץҩ
Ǯأʵ
ȻҳСְ˰֣Ϊ˽չ۷磬ǮǳģȴУøǮأ²У
ѵ㲻𣿡Сʵ
⡭ԥ÷ܲԼӣҪýҩǾһǮô
С־ЦİɣǮҿɲǽģǸҽҽҩѣԣǮҽģ
ҽ¿
ЦЦУͽӿ㣬ȥץҩɣڻǾҪȻСûǮҲûʲô˵ġ
̫ˣҽ¾ͰˣСô˵ϲʤԸԼǮôҲ˵ǰκúͻβˣ
壬ЩֽͱʣҿӣЦ
⡭»ЩԥϾ飬зǳм˵ʵһǮòˣΪβһҪǮԥ
Ц壬ڻǾҪǮ£Ժ˵
ã¿ԼŮһۣ΢΢̾ΪӣΪԼŮֻˣǣȴǷһ鰡
ܿ죬дһӣ
ЩҩһЩҩӦþУ㾡ץɣӵݸ˸С֣Сֽӹӣ˵ͷİɣȥץҩ
˵߾ߣʵϣҲ뿴ҩǲܽµκã뿪͵壬еöһֽĺ£밢жǰûнӴʲôˣ˵û
ҽ
壬ҪҽˣСУЦ˵һ룬ҡҡͷһǺƴɣ
룬ɻҡҡͷƴҲ֪ҿ⣬ڼңÿ춼ȥտӴ˺ܶ࣬ʵ벻
ĻǾˣҲǺһǿȷģǾµӿ϶Ǳ¶ģ⣬ܾһıˣ
׻˭ҪôĴۣȥһƽͷϰձأֵжްҡҡͷЩ

ͻȻȻһһҲ͵һû˵͵֣뵽һˣ
ʲô»ЩԼŮ˼ʵֹ뵽ʲôˣ
ƴҲ֪ǻǲǣ˵ֲ˵͵㾡˵ɣʲô²Ҫ£ǴҶأ
µ֣㻹ǲǵþǰǸ˳һܣʱһ춼ûԷأ
Ůôһ˵ҲɫЩ仯ˣһγܰǸôͻ¶أӦð
壬Ǹ˭ʵ
ȵƴǸ˾סҼҶĹˣųֹǳ죬ǰǺһܣ
˵ôǱ˵£ĸжӦú޹أ·ǳ˵Щˣƾʲô¾ôȷأˣųЩ򵥰
֪һϡƷ֣ҪˣҪֺҪǳϿĻҪʬ壬ʬ壬õ֮ƵΪ
֣ǰǺǸ˳һܣѵģԴԺǸ˾ҲûгֹһµĶŵ


034 ڱ
Ҫ˵޿ӣҽǰɺͳ쵽ȥôˣ²뽫ڼȥͶǳСޱίһᣬȥлмξӨˮ
һĪǺǸˡʲôϵɣȻΪάҲ˵ֻϣϵĲˮһڡ
ƴСŮ££ɱ⣡ΨΨŵŵ˵ŮçײλҽԼӻҪΣΪ¶ʲô뷨
˰֣޷ңֹ˵ĻҲûе
⡭һ£ĴԼͿһ֪ԷԼæƴʵǸûòǰһչˣ벻Ӧ¶
壬ǾͲ̸ˣ²豭ְڵĶҩͻ⿪뵽ʱף
ǾͺãǾͺã
²˲ͷϵĺˮӣ͸ɻĪ²ɣһۣǰ£Щ򵥰
£ҲǼ֮Եֻ֪Էһ⳵˾ľûʲô˽ˣ
ڱ磬ұ˴ˣҪҰһҽԺڲϵĺëڴһ绰ϴֻ绰ﴫʲôҵСܶҴǸ˸˭
ڱ磬ǸҲʶӣëСĵĵڱŭˣƥģ㱪𣿡
ûûУ
ëæ˵̫ǣ˴ʯҸ첲ʱһ˺ðŻָͷ߳һϸܵ亹жĺǸˣëԳûܹôأʹˣ
ëôĻ𣿡
ڣ磬ֱˣҪұ𰡣ڻҽԺءëͼӴ׵˵һ绰ڱŭˣʲôȻôңҵַΪ㱨ȥ
磬ھ͸ϡ
Ȼ첲ʹǺëûԥ˴СܸϽסһСܵϴ󣬱ĴӦˣ
ߺߣ
ëһСǰʼװǵȻҲ˭ұôңĻвΪҳֵĵ
ǣ
СæͷĿʮĽϴһ绰ȥڱҪԳˣʲôĹϵֻϴǲǰ;
ƥģҳȥӽͿǸСôͷģ
ʵëлû˵Ǿ˺ڱǸСһȻڱʱȥһСܵ°ҪСһ¶пȥ椴ܰ
ϴźëĻëΪ˱ϹİɣһһͷбɳϣһƣƷţԱߣһݸӣǺڱĸСܡ
ң
ͷŭһʮֲԱĸСһͷƣɢĵëûǸȻ˵ǸһǾȥȥҲǮ࣡
ǡǸӾȻëֶҲȶϣӦǸӲӣϴǲӦ̽̽ĵͣȻж
ͷҡҡͷСܸʲô¶ɣ̫СĽˣڵģƾһȥǣôʲô
ˣ˵ϻһӲʹСе㹦ҲҪӸſ£ͷ󺺺ں˵һڽеĺƺ꣬һվߣȥģ
ĸСܼϴԶҡҡͷϴı£ڿǲҪһˣ
ëһСܴҽԺ󣬾һ⳵Ȼϳĺǽ֣һйСܸϽ˹ϴСӾǽȥǶ¥Ǹӳˣˣ
ȶҸ첲أëʵ
ϴǸСӻ¥Ҹһ·׼Сæ
ë˿Сܵļ򣬵ܺãĺܲڱˣΪôģ
ϴ󣬺ڱĻСȻ̧Դ۾ﶼǣëһƣװƵǵȻҲϴ˭ǿڱԹˣԺǸңǾ͵ųĺİɣ
ٺ٣ϴڱﶼĶԺǶˣ
ԶԶԣϴˣ
ë⣬ʱԼҲͦţģܿ죬һ˹ëۼ⣬ŵĹͷ󺺣æ˹ȥҪ򿪳ţ׸ڣҸ첲ˣŪ˰ӲûнŴ򿪡
ôģɵվǸʲôæëĻðɣϴŪİһСȴվǸɳԷһ˳ȥһСߵһƨɶס
ѵ
Ŵ򿪣
ͷ󺺾ӸµĿźëëʱһ飬æЦϴˣҪΪСë𰡣
Сë
ԼϴĳСҲЩ񺮣ǰǺڱ磬ǿǴ˵еҲ׷׵ͷæڣ
ͷ󺺺⡣
ϴ󲻾һСܻƣŮƣѪúʹ찡
Ǹأͷʵ
ϴǶëæָ
ãߣͷ󺺵һȥһСܸţر磬ţͷ󺺿һЩ·оηĿ⣬иʹˣڵˬ
ѣ
һߺŲ裬һߺ죬ʱͻȻܴ³Ŀã˽¾ɫһ䡣
֣ôˣʱСҲ˳ϸǶһľɫ΢䣬Сȱоа
¶ҡҡͷߵźʵ˭
ţˮģ
һ㶣ˮ棡
ôģ㿪ţȻӽŸˣ㣡ëţһأ֪Էţŭˣںڱˣ¸
ǵ˭¿ɲ㿪ţҪǿˣ֪ʲôأ
˭ͷүӿţһȺҲˣﶼһֹҪϣǽϹ۵³
ѣ
ǿʼţǽϵʯ׹䣬ƼΪƴ嶶˶һ⳵˾ϵһͲʱĳ棬߲ư
壬㿪ţǿҵģ
ʱվѾ˺ëǲǷᰡȻţҲٺݺһ٣úóԣ
ƴ򣬲ɰ
һƴģæƴ㻹ǴӺ󴰸Ͻ߰ɣЩһͲǺˣ˫ȭѵ֣ðհ


035 һǹУ
ѣ
ܴ󣬺ëһСɫ࣬һŽסǺûӣοϴǰﶼһɻ𣬴˿̷׷׳֣űҵ졣
ڣǰΪŮӵİȫŻ˺̵ܼķţȻƾЩСһŪѱÿˣ
ƴ㡭㻹߰ɣҺͰְ־ˣֻҪˣǲΪǵģеľЩǵĿߡ
ҹϣҲһʶӾˣֻǼˣһЩСΧΣա
ҵģҪˣŹ㸸ףҡҡͷߣּѵҪΣղſϰ
ҲȰƴҿ㻹ǿ߰ɣԱһˮܣȥ׵ģôˣҪʲô£һİˣ
ǸƲⱾһ飬ǸȥΪץҩ쳣жСΧֻ޲ȫ
кǸжȻˣˣҪˣЩСֻ»ὫһǻŭйϣοòЩС춯а˭֪ᷢʲô£Σǲߵġ
壬㾡ܿţҵıֲǲ֪οҺֳܴйϵ˵һ𣿡
һ㶣һʱ侹֪ǺãǰˣһŷĽŲѣգҪĳ£ָô죡
֣Ǳɣ
ͻȻһ˵Щڣסλϳߣʹ¾ϵʱ򣬻ƻҲˣ
ҲݣȻţң첻֪ǺڱҺëʹⴰȥëһߴߴԼСһ߲ϴƨȻͷ˾ͺܿġ
ңҵСܣҿܣͷʮְ˵ͳļΪ࣬һŹԴԷ⣬һСˣǴ˼ѪƵģҵĸˣ
꣡
ʱͽȻһֻ˳鼸У˻ûӦײڶǽϣϲҺͣ
УëҽеΪ˺棬һѹ棬Ҹ첲ѶϣֱôһŪֻ˼ʱ䣬ȫ亹죬ϲ԰ֽ
ҵѽ
ǺⱲӴûҹֻɢˣͷЩԶûб˿ҲĿɿڴŴͣ˺ðŽһݡ֣
ң
վڴм䣬ǳ򶨵ĿڵϵСţºЩɵۣƴδ̫˵㣬һ¾ͽЩ˸߷ˣڵϹǺ춼û
ͷ̿ˮֻǰڷ⣬콫·Ƶģһ飬Сǵϴ󣬶뵽һӲŭƥģ㣬ҵСܣģ
𣿡
Ȼ̤һͷһ򣬼ˣ˵ôģѵӲӣ
أϴ󣬾ë˿̿ˮأʸͣѹ棬촭֪ΪΣѹЩС죬񶼲ƵģŤվ
ħħͷ󺺵ĸСͣŵҪǸ˰Ҳ֪ôŪģǱԷһŵģζҲⲻħʲô
ϴСйŹ֣ҿǻ߰ɣڹͷ󺺶Сͷ˾ͺݺݵһۣˣԺôϴ󣬳ǲߵģ
СӰСһֻ֣˵ôɣͷ󺺱ֵʮţʵŵĲˣ֪ΪΣԴ˿̵ȶӾȻЩҪΪϴӣ߾·ˡ
ЦһԭΪСľȱжôأû뵽ҲһӲɫƽ˵ôأ
ҡҡ
ͷ󺺡ҡ˰죬Ҳ˵Ȼ㣬ﱾͺµҪڲǱֵ㹻ǿӲѣ˰ŵǮ
Ŷ
һۣ͵Ҫأ
塭ǧ
ͷԭ˵ģָǧȴЦǧɣ
ʲôͷЩɵۣӦǮŶ԰ɣôǮأʱŭСӣ𾴾ƲԳԷƣΪ㣡
𣿡һЦ
ͷ󺺼ӣҧгݣʢŭǳõǮ߾ˣȻ˲Ҳûʲô˼ˣӱһͣȻͳһǹһʱ䣬˶һ
ȻЩСڵģǻûмǹأԼϴͳһǹҲһȫЦ书ҲǹӰɣ
óǹ󣬹ͷ󺺾ͳƺ˵ףȻȥˣǾŪףͺúһѣ֪С֪ӵ
ô˰ɣˣ˵˱𾴾ƲԳԷƣСӰ˵ǮǮְɣȻһӵȥԴ
𣿡
ƽºȴɴۣǺںĶڣǹ⻹ǵһļµ·Զ˳Ƶģĵֱ
ɾʱ²֪ӿֳһԽվǰֻ֣ں棬һ㿪ǹǾʹҵļơ
֣
һǹôǰȥˣܹȥȴԼ˫ôˣ鵱͹ģֳֺǹĹͷ󺺶ʱɴۣ촽ֻ˲伱٣
ƯС椰
һȺСܵϴҹܻҲǸ˼ҿӵģҲŮˣںǰСȣ඼ˣҪܺС˯һΣҲֵˣ

ЦǲУԴǰСóһǮһŪһôƯС椣
ϼһɣһȥȻһӵ㵽ȥ
µǰ棬ͷЦʮŵ˵һһǹеļƣŵĲˣĸСܴ˿ȴǺܿģΪܾĽϴҪˣʮͳĵУԴˣһֱŲɣ
ǹӵûվһŲ˺棬ԼԤг棬ǸСӽԼϴʰˣ


036 ը
ǹ֧ڻĹټһӶֻڵϼͷóǹʵϲһϵǹһɽկǹ
ɽկǹ׳ơӡֲͨӹǹһЩС͵ĺڳӹںзģ׼ȺͰȫԱǹҪ࣬ȴȻһЩ׷Ͼôһǹϣؼʱͳ˭ѽ
ʱ˿̣ͷоͷǳˬ죬һѹͷСӣϧùҵӵô˰ɣˣ
ЩĿʵϣҲû뵽ԷǹȻЩ书ǣôùӵأֻЦȷʵˣҪĿǹЩҲŹɣ
¸񣡡ͷһ׳յѵ㲻֪Ҿǻӿǹˣеǰ취Сܶ
ҡǲ㣡Сְֳӣ֪ʱҲվǰ븸ײվͬһսϣЩȴʮָжԷͳǹ˻ˣɼԾΡ
ŶСѾͷƬӣôŮȹܰͷ󺺹Ц
㡭㡭
ŭҪ˺һСֻһľǳǹеĹͷ󺺶֡
ͷ죬¶а⣬´ֻĿģҪԼȫ͸Ƶģ죬һ䳤㣬˵¶һСǶ̿ˮͷ󺺸Ǻ޲ȥǰСѹ£úŪһ
ʱ֣һһ˲󣬶£֪ʱһС״Ĳ顣
黹ǰǸϽȻȫ;֣ЦֵȻӣƲǰ˷
ʹóǹΣȻ㣡
ͷһ㶣ڵϵһѻԼͷļǣĿɿڴŵģδôŵģѵûмǸںǹǿǹǹ
˵ʲôûɣ
ͷԼĶ䣬·ЦƵģ˵Сӣѵ治еǹͷ󺺿·ڿɵƵģȻҲˣΣȭͷĹеǹ
Ųһǹ㣿
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ͷҪǹӣʶһУȺ󣬲԰׵ϸһĨΣԼôˣôһŷĶϵˣͷĿǿ򶨣ҪǿǹǾˣ֪˭𣿡
ŶСŮ͸˭ٺ٣Сɰɣͷ󺺺ٺЦǹвţϷϷСŮǺˬġ
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ͷˡ񡱵Ļŭݺݵ˵ǣȰøϽߣȻûǺùӳԣ
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ͷЦ쳣ţ˵ĵ̣лһǹʲôСŮ˵˵˵˵Сɵʲôݣܲң
ֳܴˣҧ촽˵·þȫԷǹǾûսʤֻϣԼıȺܹ£Ͻ뿪⿪Σ֡
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ͷһ㶣һʱ侹Ȼû뵽ֳܴ˭ĸСĵȴһɫһ䣬ŵʵ˵ֳܴӾ
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ĵڷˣ¸ϽԼŮһȺⲻ¹ͷļһлǹҪǻԼĹôƴһҲҪŮƴİȫ
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ʨӴ󿪿ڣһҪôǮȻҲΪˣĿģ
ԴӼ;ȫѪҺˣҪǹ˼ɵ̫Ĺ綯ˣ췹
ǮûУӵҲԣҡͷ
ŶǲײĲˣСӣ֪ӵͷһеǹٷϻȥˣֱһǹȥȣΪΪ
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Ȼһըֻͷ󺺵Ѫܣָͷˣʹ亹죬Ϊҡ
ϴ󣡡
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ͷʹȫҪΣģһƬ⣬ѪҲʸͣһҾһСܶŻˣǺëѲ֪ʱιȥˣǱѹԼʹεġ
飡
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Ȼ֪ͷеǹΪըţҲ֪϶ǰйأһ붼ԴһŽĪǰƴһﲻɣȻΪλأ
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ƴ˸ô죬ҪʧѪˣģ˵ɫв԰ףŵŵĹͷ󺺣ԼƵһƬģѪˮأʣǳġ
ҪͲˣ
İɣھǰǲģ˵ţַһſΪԼһ裬絭ӣºЩҲ̫һЩ
˻Ϊأ֪ƴȻôȭţ㽫Щ˶ʰˣڵϣһ㶼
ͷ󺺵ĸСܾɫ԰ף
ڹͷеǹըŵʱ򣬾ʶˣҪ͵͵ߣ֪̫תʱһֻ̽˹ȻĴ׵ϣȻֻȫΣģһûˣ
ҵ죡
һﵽʲô˰Ҳ̫˰ɣϵС˵еˣʱ˿̣֪ϴˣҲҪˣ
ʵ˵Ӿйϵʱɫͺܲã˭ԼϴǸɵñأΪԼͦţģ֪ǰλţﰡ


037 Ů
أ
ںǽֵͣ£һװİ籴Ӿ
ΪմӾУİ籣ӵкԶ־ǾڹսϣһҪɳһЩʵȡһ죬ԼҲһιֳ
Ϊ־һֱŬš
籣һγоôڹսϸһӵ־Цʵλ·ĺ󱲣һֱرգҪǰսѵŮǻ˭
ӣ˵ʵо˷ܣһεУʱָоЦһЦΧľ۹ﶼЩϾһǾֱӵǾľС϶˷ܵĿ˯ž
籵ӢˬھУʱ򣬾Ͳڶ׷ߣźܾˣİ籣ڻûջһİ飬С꣬Լлᣬæڣڰ
Ǻǣ
־籵ĻЦЦ˵ͷ߰ɣһִ񣬸ɵƯ㣡
ǣ
ľһ󣬰ڵ죬ͳڵļȥ
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籵ļܲߵһʱ˾ЩɵۣһصˣѪζ̱ǣৣǹ˳
Ӱ
˵ĵһ뷨
ҲЩţǹѾ߳ЩˮƽʱѧУѵڵʵر𰡣ʹһҵĳɼ˿Ҳ̲סȶӷ
Ϊ˵һֻը˵ĺڵǹ
һ漰ǹǾǴ󰸰
𶯣Ǿ죡־һ
ڵϵĻѵСǣڶˣ붯ǣﻹܶ
ˣ
ﰵ̾һʮ룬ٶȻԣǲ֪Щİ참ô
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ҪӾ绰ӾҪˣϾ֮Ǿ鷳֮ǻˣ
־Ͱ籼ǹСĵ˹һŽǰɽկǹ߷ɣųһ
ȫ־ٴδһ
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û𣿡籶ȵ࣬鶯ޱȣ̧ۣһۣò˵һˣʱŮ
ǰ죬ƯͲ֮£
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㱨ľһ㶣Щô£
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˵Ǿǰ֪ΪΣʲôںӣ籾ЩȥҲȻߡ
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û뵽ڱȻᱻʰôңǱˣ
֪ôƺ־ܿڵһۼʱʶǰһȻ˻ӵʣңڱ˻ʰôңǾ˵ǰУƾһӵ͵Ļ۽𾦣ΪǸˣ
˲ð
ʮָ̾ںڱˣȻʶһץԷΣȻҲ֪ǵʵңڱЯǹ֧ȻȻǰ˸ʰˣ绰ȣͲһӵеģ
ƣǵ
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־Ц΢ŭ֪Ϊʲôǿ˳ۡ
־λǰ籣ӵı绰Ǿ͸Ϲˣ֪ܲΪǽµĩ
־ܽв²籷ǳ⣬ƽʱӣΪʲôҪǰһôߣ˾ǲԣôţ䵽˱ÿ
˿ҲоǰλŮԼĵ⣬ЩĪûʲô£Դ
٣ӵģʱƴں˵µĩ־Ͱ籶Щ죬û뵽Ȼһҽ
ߣƭӣ
һԼΪζôˣΪоһصصɫǣǰһУһϷΪ˻ǰƯĺøУ
ڵϵĺڱˣһϷĵأȻһ˳ֿȭùڱЩְҵ찡οڱ˻ǹ
Խ籾ԽΪԼµ࣬ҪԱߵ־˿֪뷨֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦˣ
籣Ϊһ죬Ҫ˵־һ֪ΪҪ˵ƭӡ˭ƭӣǰȲôƭӣ


038 Ů
ƭӾƭӣôζãֹɿưһۣ˼ԶȻ϶ƭӣһٶѡ
ˣΪʹޣŮǰϷ÷ģŪᷳˣһߣ֪˶ٹ
캣һۿΪŮˣ۾Ҳ⣬Ⱦһ׵ϲ
籣˵ʲôأǰ참ʱ򣡡־籵һΰ참˿һȥ籿ܾҪܵˡ
Ը⿴ģңҲ֪籾ôˣΪôЩ⻹һ참ľ𣬻һоŹСŮˣ
ԼӳԼгίݺݵһۣתȥȥڱˣ
죬λŮĪǸˣȻʲô񾭲Լû˵ƭӣ߼
ΪԼƭӣԼһٵΰ𾴵ĺҽ
ơ˼ǵһγʲô֮ܵ£־˵ô˲֪ٴ󰸣ҲˣڿϣԼῴۣǰС꣬϶Ǹ
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ЦЦҲһʶ
ߣ
Ȼ棬һ˫ȴţ˿Ļһʱּ˹ڱһԱȫѹߡ
ιԴҩˣôǸƴȥϷ𣡡
һٶĺԼˡȥԸˣղŵ飬һһŷĶϵˣ˿̰籺ȥǾǺȥ
һҪǿӣȻӸǿȻҲںڱͳǹʱվ˳ǰ
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˺ˣ籣ǰ참Ҫ˵޹صĻ־ЩͷʹҪٲվŮ˿ܾҪ˵ˡ
ӣҿû˵޹صĻƴ򣬻жλһ˰ɣ
ƾʲôߣ
Сãڱ˻أûвǰ㵱ȻҪһˣ޹أȻԻ
ЦӱСӣȴһǹǾΪˣҪ֪ڻģǹ֧ǹļϣʹ޹أҲҪһˡ
һҪβһ߰ɣ
УھҪߣȻҾҪѺˣ˵ţ籽һ˳
ţ
üëһŮЩ참Ҳİɣҿܺһòã㻹Ҫңʲô߼
籣־һô˵˵Ž˳
ӣҿ˾Ͳʲôˣ£ΪСһ־أʵڿȥڽﻰ˵˳

һ£־Ҳһ㶣ǸеЩ񺮣֪ǰŮΪοԼ˳ˣԭ
⡭Ǻǿ߼
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ˣˣ
ʱվ˳ҲʮС쳤ʮƯŮ£϶Ҳʲô֮ģǣôô׳أ
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籼һŮʱЩɵۣܿͷӦ˹˰죬˵ҽ
µ˵ͷ
ۡЦסˣǰԼļһҽҵ죬ƭӣҲֻˣ
ʦҽٴʵ
µ˵ͷǵȻƴĽ˵ӳҩȻʱҲԹһƣ

籰ӶֲˣҩҲֻҽˣߺߣҽҴˣ㻹ô죡
־ҲԣΪ˵ЩڣҲ֪˵ˣһֲˣҪǧѣǳ漣ǰСᣬԳҽԽֲ˾ѣ˵ʵǲŵġ
ߣǱ˶˽ҩȻƴ򣡡
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ж
籺־һۣɣôжأҪжˣҽԺӦͲˣһӦˣ
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Ҫ˶ǿɾǰаˣ
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ƴҪǺú˵˵λŮʿʲôȻЦӯӯĵЦʮֺÿͲɶ࿴˼ۡ
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ôˣ˲Ǹ˿Ҫ㳤ĳƴ򻹲أ
û˵ͬʱЩɬƴΪʲôͲԼأѵԼûŮÿ𣿣

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ƴ㻰أʵ
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ιôأƴôˣҿҲʲôˣڷԼġƴ򡱼ӡˡˣиڰòãôôأ
Ҫ㲻ŵĻڿְλþˣָָԼزλá


039 ԻԵ
ɫָǸλã籲ߺ࣬ƭ޷죬ԼǰָǸλãʲô˼
׾٣ҵȷʵ˶ƴ򲻻ƭ˵ģǰһˣŮˣǰȻ£ֳ£ɾͲճ
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ӳֻõͷǰȥƿ죬漴͵ɴۣǼΪµһ㡣
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ӡϸ־֮ɫðŻָޱȸӵһۣڲôˣ
ΪղһĻʵʵĳǰۿܲţ
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һʱ䣬ԴһŽ
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Դҹ̯ϾǰˣӡԺҽֹκԼĲһŷĴ඼ϵˣ
仨ˮ飬ֻжµûţҪᣡ


040 
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㣬ܹļ䷿˾ļǰ

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ĻٻٻЩµģһСңʲô⣬ңǰľһԼǲ
£ҿ˰ɣٻٻ˸һۣ˸˼ϣ²ҪˣԼⷽ˵ˣӶˣӦҲǽˡ
ôأû˵ϢЦǲԣҿҾʹľ㡭ʮǮɣ˵óһƱֱӿһţݵٻٻǰ
⣬⡭
ŰɣҽԺúü飬ôƯɲΪһƻݣԺҪʲô£ңҵƬϢԼ˿һ̫ˡ
Ϣ㵽ʲô˼ǮǮΪ𣿡ľΪӲ˵
УҶ¾͵ΪֹˣˣԺ˭ҲˣϢæ˵
ߣ
ľһվϢӣܲǣĻҪ﷢£Ǻˣ
ߣ
ľŭһݺ˻ڵϵıһţŭȥˣΰεĿϢһۣҲƨܳȥˣ
ʱĸҲȻоȫ৵һվµĿһۣˡ
ݵĺܲЦЦĿϢһۣϢǺһЦʲôݲݵģ£϶ûԺðɣҪٻһ᣿
ˣ
վ£ȻԼ˼Ҳǳ飬ⱭƣǸлɣ˵꣬һڹ£һҪԷͲˣǣ
ȥϢɫֱ䣬ϣȷʵԼ˼ҵڣҲܲԼľҲǺһ˫ĺ°
١Ҳ뿪ˣСȴϢһ˰֣С֣û£ʱ򣬰Ҵһ仰пˣһԸ
˵꣬ҲתȥȻѾˣҲȥǰͲţϣѵûκԼĲ
ҪҵĲκˣҲ㣡
ллˣǣǡصͷǳΪ˰ԼŮȴЩƽͷСϰոǲ
ϰ壬ѵͬѧȻˣôܿŲܣͷİɣʹΪٷҲҪôƯСЦ
ٻٻһЦʵƴĲЩ˰һǹӸ磬ܴԺ϶ᱨģ
Ǻǣ˵ģԺˣǵǾǳԺ÷ˣ˵
˼ƴ˵첻µز£ҽĽأܲܰҿҵٻٻ˵
һۣЦûʲô£ͺˣ
ƴ򣬲ʲôٻٻһ
ЦҲûʲôϵǸСëҴ㿪ӣ죬Ȼͺˣ

ٻٻһ֪ƴʲô˼ԼСëʲôСë⡣
ơƴʲô˼
ǺǣҪ˵𣿡ЦĿٻٻתаʲôһʱ䣬˼תϣҲԶ˸ղŷ顣
ͽȻͱ÷
ƴ˵ҪˣٻٻԵЦЦٻٻ㼱ʲôƴⲻҪ𣬲ǲʲôСë
Уô֪ҺأٻٻҲˣŽš
Ǻǣҿ»ǲ˵ĺãЦЦҿǻǼԷɣ
ƴǼˣٻٻˣղŰݺݽѵǸһƵˣ˵ʵзǳм
ңղֹ˺ü䣬ҽޱȣϵµһڣ˵Сëﻹ
ƴŮ壬ë𣿡ʱҲվ˳ͻȻһӽϰ磬Լһˣ࣬ٻٻһеֻ࣬һ֪
ڣ˵ŮСëܲżֻ޲ȥ˵ˣ


049 ǹ
ϰ壬ûʲôë㾡ܷģҡҡͷЦ˵
һ˽⣬֪һλĴҪԼŮĳʲô£ɾûˡ
̲סƴô˵ٻٻëһҪӣ
Ǻǣ˵Сëûʲô⣡Цֵϰ壬ȥҼֽͱʣҸ￪ӣûˣ
úã
ͷ˳ȥܿ˽дһӣдһŷӣݸ˸С֣ķӣһ£ԻЧ

Сһ£ӦһӾֿ죬æǰæ󣬸Ǳץ˹Ϊ˵һ𣿣
ƴҵǸκ𣿡СʵϣĿ
˵ͷӦÿԣȳһ£һºңٸ㸴һ£
úãСͷҩãʮСĵ˻ҩˣЩ꣬Ŀֻ֪
ƴⱭҾ㣬ԺҪʲô£ܷԸС֣һ岻ݴǣСæ֤ĲҪκˣĶˡ
УԺʲôҾ㣡ĳ˵С־ǽǵĵͷߣԺҪʲô£ȥ죬ͻ뷽ࡣ
⻰Сϲʤ
Ϊ˵⻰Ǿ˵СֵԼˣСܲģ
˷һЩ⣬º͸Сֵ˸ǣ˳صɽΤصļ
˾ˣ˾ˣһݣӨӨ˳ĴȣСԴ۾Ŀ
˾ˣӨӨ𣿡
ǰЩǺóԵĶӨӨ϶ûгԹЦŽСѾͷĵĲˣһһڡ
Ѿͷ˾æ϶ˣ㻹˾ϣΤЦСѾͷһǲԸ
㣬ҴӷĽ⣬о͸ǴһЩºĶϣЦ˵
ⰡУЩδܰԳԣҾŪһЩΤЦ˵ʱΤǰҲ˽󣬸ա
С˰
ţ˵ͷտҲ¶֮ɫ죬ȥˣֻģǴûĸо
ǸСĸ׵Ĳôˣа𣿡ºΤǰʵ
û⣬ͻѹ
κã˶һ㶣֪ȥεǸˣһֲˣһֲˣ˰꣬вɷǳ𺳡
ȻҽڳˣǴ˿ĻǻЩš
Ͼǿֲ˰
͵ʵֹĸףһֱڴϣΪֲˣΪ˶
˶˶һ
˵ûȷʵ˶һֽĶ
췢ϸ˵һ飬һʱ䣬˶ЩŹֵĸоҲ̫˰ɣδ̫˼˵㣡
½̣Τǰü⻹һ֣ΪһĴ˾ҲǼʶ㣬Ǻ½̣δŹ
СԺһҪСһ㣬ȻǸ˵˺½̻ΪɾЩΣˣ̾˿Ҳû뵽ȥôһˣȻô鷳
½̣ǴϿͲʲôö
ղһģ˵ͷ
ʵϣ֪ܲΣأ½̣Ҳû˵ңôͷͬһ㡣
˾ˣԺұ㣬ӨӨǺģСѾͷھ˾ϣ̧Сʮ˵һʱ䣬ҶɰӶЦ
ӨӨĺܹ˾˰СѾͷʮֲ⡣
һڣЦǵӨӨñ˾ˣһСˣ
ߣӨӨͳ𣬶ˣСѾͷ˵
˱ɰٴζôЦ
Сҿ⼸죬ûǴҪȥˣЦΤǰ˵Ȼ书ǣҲܲס˶డʲô½̣ǹأ
ǰܵ⼸ȥˣʹڼȻΣô죡ΤҲ˵ΪȫĺܣϾΤǰǴ
ΤǰΪһ˾ȻȻоűţڱǾͲӦʲôΣա
ȴҡҡͷû¡Ǻ½̣ʱڿ϶ȫץסҪһֱץסѵҾһֱ𣿡

̾˿һ㣬ôû뵽أǣôأǲȥ½̵ı϶ҪΣգǿɾͺҲˡ
һʱ
ǺǣǷİɣһ书һǽģͷİɣЦ˵
Τǰһ£վ¥ʱȴһӣ򿪺һ⾹Ȼһǹ
СȻ书书ҲвӵصǹӵţҪΣգܿǹ˵ʱΤǰȻһƣһɱ֮ƣѪ
ǹ
Τǰ۾һɣ͵ţԼǧԼΣգ˵꣬ͽǹ
ŰɣõõĵطҲ˵һ䣬ʮֿãȻϣ£ҪǴһǹΣգҲԱԼ
ðɣ
ֻǹоģ˵滰⻹һǹоЩھͿһǹԸоô
ˣСῪǹ𣿡ΤǰȻ뵽£˳
˵ͷЦǰڵϼҲһЩ飬Ӧû⣡
ʱˣδ㵽ȥǹҲԸõıԼΤǰ˵
͵˵ͷΤǰ˹գֻůůģѵ˵ĸо治̫ϲˣ
ΰʱ£һû£ŷġ
½̰϶ʲôöСԺţһҪСһ㣡
˵ͷЦʵҲûʲôˮڣʹ½̺ðͷˣһᱻģ
һ죬Ҫܾúܾãΰ̾˿
ܿ죬ˣѾԹˣΰӲҪȼƣҲٴ
ףţʲô˰ô㣿ΰ
СĽ⣬Ҹղʱһ£ĺܺóԣҲ쳢һ£ΤЦ˵
ҵ㰡ǰҲԹûô㰡Ǿˣ;ƣʹ죡ΰټУԵޱʹ졣
ְ֣㲻Ҫô찡ӨӨûأСѾͷԸˣǾ˾˴ģְֶˡ
Ů԰úúãˣϰ־ͰȥһǵıŮԺãΰЦ
ߣ
СѾͷС죬ĹĵĺһǾ˾˰ģĲһ
ѽСѾͷѵ˾˾˾˰ְ𣬰ְǰˣΰװʹ˵
ߣ˾˾ǱȰְֺãСѾͷ˵


˴ЦޱůǼҵĸоЦЩ꣬ӵˣ
ԹҲߵ࣬һΤؾͽ˳԰ɢе˼ȻԶ
˾ʯС·ϣΧܰһͤ
ͻȻðôһ䣬Ǵİ
һ£֪仰ʲô˼ָ֪ҽ书
ллǵ˾л
лҸʲôĺҪڹʱ϶˫ȫˣҽ书ôЩ߿϶кܶŮӰɣտʼò
ЦǵȻඣô˧϶кܶŮϲ
հһۡ
Ǻǣɲǳĺ˧һ˫ȫͷ˿ǲඣš
ٴηһۣΪأ֪䱾ȴӣҪ֪һġħͲ֪ˡ
㵹ͦģյ
ǵȻҪԼϲǻʲôҾͦϲԼģ

տЩˡ
ôѵҲϲ𣿡ЦŵͿ
ձ΢죬Щգôô󰡣
㲻˵ǾĬŶٴЦ
Ĭͷպ봷һ٣һۡ
ЦӣûɵķɣֻŮ˵ǳͿ֡
ЦʲôЦЦն˶š
ۡðɣס죬ӣշһЦ˳Цɫһ࣬һĨǡ
Ǻ½̣㲻°ɣ
£˵ΤһǹһᱣԼģЦŵ
ǣǡ
ûʲôİɣǺ½Ҳ޷ĵزҪĸҹҾ޻أܰ˵
㰡
ҡҡͷô㶼ҪԼҪǵãǵá
ǵʲôʵ
ǵǶܹ㣬ӨӨҲϲ㣬Ҫĳʲô£һҶĵģ
Ǻǣô˵ѹͦģЦŵ
յ˵ģӦÿˣѾҼһӣʲô£㶼ҪһǧçײҸǶģ
֪̾һ
֪ͺãյҪסҺҸɩǶܹ㣬һҪԼԼ£
İɣһסĻģ˵ͷ
Ǿͺãô˵Ҳһ˵ʵ˵˵ʱһŷĶ쵽ɤˡ
㡭ϲ𣿡֪Ϊʲô̲סôһ䡣
һ㶣ӦѵСϲԼԼδҲ̫˰ɣż찡˼СһŷĶϵԼˣذ
ЦӦҵ˽ɣ

հһ£һʱߺԼôʳ仰أ⡭᲻µԼ뷨ˣ¿ô찡
ҡҡյԴ˰죬½ǣ¹⣬ģ˶ĶҲ⣬ֻ޲ýڻúһ
Ȼѹסɳ嶯
ΪԼһӣЩ꣬ûлһùȻЩͲǰλİٷ֮һ
׻ǴŮడ
Щ꣬ϴȥܶطľɫŮٺ٣ԣʵĵĺܣ
ôˣЦʵܿġ
һ̧ͷӣһʱһһȭ׻סˣңʲôͷ

˰죬˰죬ʲô°


050 粨
ɢ경ջصΤغŲ裬ڵˡ
㣬ûϢЦ˹ȥΤؿһۣЦûСʱЩҪһ£
㣬ʲô°˵ɣţһΤصΪյ°ɣҲһɲǱ΢죬Աߣͷһʤߵģ
ۡЩִٵӣΤһЦǲΪҪ˵ǵ°ɣ
һ£סˣҲƵܵˡ
ͷֵģΤؿһۣЦôմĻðɣ
԰ɣЦ
ΤصһۣʲôԣճôƯѧѧһֱУ׷˶һˣҪϲĻһҪץȻ˼׷޵ģ
㣬֪ˣ˵ϵô㻹ûй׷
Ǻǣ˵Сȷʵǳ㣬ҿѾˣټӰѾ׷֣ĻҲˣΤضⷽ·ǳģһСӣһĸɵܵܣǽһ˿ĵ¡
ˣ㣬ңΪ°ɣתƻ⣬Ҫ˵ܾҪ̸ۼˡ
ΤЦȻΪҵ㣬һ£
һѵΪɼ۵£ȻΤؾ˵С죬Ľϵһ£һ½Ӽ£
ţͿ
Τ˵С㲻ţ濼ţܿоӼһӣӼйأĽһоأӼѾˣ
ɣ
Щզ࣬Ҫ֪ӼΪѣǮͶ룬϶һ侪˵ĵز
ȻᣡΤصͷɼ۵£Ѿ˵ˣȤҪʱĻҴȥ
һ£㣬£̸ͺˣҾͲˣ
ôУɼ۵ҩӵȨСҲСˣѵ㲻һЩ𣿡Τʵ
Τص˼㣬Լͷأǣⷽ£ʵڲĲ룬͵㣬Ұ׹ˣͽˣһҩѣ
һҩѣΤЩ̾һܵɢˣǮƷҪ֪ҩҪǴȥǲ֪ǳķ粨ͳĲƸ
㣬Ҫûʲô£Ҿ¥ˣҲϢɣЦЦΤغݺݵһۣ˰֣ǺðɣȻ㲻£ǾˣҰɣ죡
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ΤذһۣҾһͿ㣬ʲô¶ɣ˼һԽǮţҪ֪ĻСҲѧҽˣ
ǺǣҪѧĻҲЦ
Τص𣿡
ûˣҡҡͷţҽⷽ棬ȷʵޱš
ⲻͽˣˣȥϢɣΤ֪췢˺ܶ£϶ˣҲͷŹ˵ͷԼҡ
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磡ЦŴ˸к
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¶һõЦݣЩˣտӣﻶϲĽһ䣬ӣ
ұǴôƯŮǻ𣿣Ц
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ٺ٣ҪƤĻô׷ŮأЦ˵ţˣھȥܲɣ
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һΧźʼ˳
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֪Լһ仰͵ǰĹЦǲ㣬ҽ̫ˣҪѧĻҪѺܴľһþѧã
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Ŀģô㣬һкӣҪǲץʱ䣬ݺ£ǰװױĻЩԲԼ
꣡
ϣͻȻռУҪˤۼֿ죬һӷסʹĶͷֱðˮղֻź˵ûע££Ťˣղôһ죬϶˹ͷ
գû°ɣ
§ôһŮӣŮеķƱǶˣֱġ
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ӣҡұȥȥӣһͽշһС
⻹һαһк
԰׵ʱһĨΣֻϵʹһӼֻ࣬е̵ģζ
ǰշ˶Ьһ£û£ܿͻã˵ż䣬ֻһٴμһֻ񱻵ƵģͻȻ飬ܿ죬͸о״ʹ࣬˲ʧӰ١
ιڸʲôأ
ʱʮ괩˶˹ȻܲǰһĻǰһƯŮһ㶼Щǲ
˿̣ڴյĽţոˮ̾˶оԼ˻ᡣ
컯֮£㾹Ȼ֮£Ů㣡
˶һ󺰣ͳ˹Щûβ𣬵һȣʲôβҪǵƣҲ
Ϻǣ㻹ͦŮ㲻Ҫ£㣡˶ЦһȻӣ˵Ӷǳر˧֣Ҫ߳ȥŮ϶᷸ա
ǰŮ㲻Ҫ£˵ھʹȥҽԺһ˶˵
ллǣҵѣҵĽѾˣ鷳ˣҲ˵ۣڣȴ˸ƻˣ뽫һŸߵȥ
鷳һ㶼鷳ŮҲ𣿡˶Цеʵ
հһۣȻǳˣҪûʲôµĻҾͲˣǸϿȥɣ
ǺǣŮˣǻʲôŮҽһ£ҽг±λѣʣ±ߣòôһŮзŹĵ
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ʲô˼ʵĿޱȡЦˣЦǣᣬҲЦ㣬ֻǾͦ˼ģ
˼𣿡ڼյʱ򣬾нӵڻĳ嶯ڣȻ͸Ӳˣôһ˼ûУСӣҪǲ˵壬ҿ߲ˣ
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һ£ʵȴ̾һȻǺջˮߵ鷳͸ˣ϶ˡ
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ߵ𣿡
Цңûߵ˵ģˣϽȻ㵹ԴУ
ԴУʵ
ȻӵˣСӣϽãһʶȻһ޵úѿ±ЦŽ͵
ЩԼľô۸δ̫׳˵㣬Լܳôʹ˱϶򵥣ˣôðʧѵͲǵǲ
ʵϣ˴Դ󽾿ƾõļ˷գһסֻ޲ȻúŮӡ
߰ɣҪǣվѾԼҽһ㶼ʹˣﻶϲĽǰˣʹĽ
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ʲô˼ǣܵ𣬸Ͻ¹򣬸ǿĸͷǻ㣡ʽЦʮš
ֶΣѾܶˣҪֳԼǿƣǰŮԼǿ󣬲ǡ
Ҳ椵һֶΡ
ҪˣЦ
㣬ôСӣ֪˭˵㣡±Цһ㶼
ң㵹˵˵ܲңЦ
˵ĸУСӣӽˣҪǲµĻһ޵úң±вǾȭͷ
ûˣ鷳Щˣһȭͷ͵˹ȥ˴򵹣һ£ֱקˣߣͨԽ˺
žž
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ǲ°ɣЩġ
ô£İɣЦЦ
㵨󣡡յ
ˣӲôУЦô𣿡
ˣҽŶŤˣڶǳʹҪ㱳һȥɣ
ȿȣ˺üȥɣô󣬻ûбŮأ
ôһŮ㱳㻹Ը⣿ŭ
أҵȻʮԸ⣬ǣԿ
ʲô㣬ʹˣ챳һȥŭ
ðɣȻұҾͱˣԺɱҰȰһ䡣
裡
û˵ˣ˵ǾˣȻ˼һŮӶԸ㱳ˣ㻹˵ʲôأϽ
һſıϣǹһӾ;ѪڣϺ϶ˣֱǵܡ
մ˿ҲЩڣΪ˫֣ȣһӺ쵽˶ǣſıϣϵϢָо
ð
С
˻ʱΤǰȭӣһʱɵۣ⡭δҲ˵ɣѣ˵ĹϵͻƵ̶ֳ
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еѶȣЦӡһ㶼ãѾϢ׼Ůһӣ໹ú
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ֲƭ㣬ҩĺһʹãͱȥȻͻṦһһ;ϣʲôɾͣЦ˵


053 ҩ
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Ҳˣʱ򣬿϶ɷݣϾ˼ҵķӣͶߣ
СǲϾ̾Щֵ޷ʱΤǰҲ˿ڣһ˶ˣ쵼ҲǴ˿ǰԼȴЩ͸ˣ
һһ갡
Ȳ˵ҽղҩֵ޷ҪǴȥ϶󲨣֪ǳʲôأ
үӣδעģΰһû׹үҡҡͷ̾һŮСȣǲԶˡ
Τص֣ͷİɣΰСĵģҩ϶ȥΰһŷӦæ֤ӴԺҩҵ˭Ҳ᲻˭Ҿ͸ƴ
ǺǣãΪʹҩûеһķӡȣЧʮǧҪ˵õˣ飬ܻὫԼŪЦ
ΰ˸
ͻȻ֣Լȥʲôղ񹦣һֻ̤ŹˣҲ룬СڣӦòʲô°ɣһ룬Űһ㣡
ϢΤЦһ
ΰЩΣʲôϢϢģϱ͵Űɣҿ϶ղΤذһ䣬Ȼΰˡ
ְְ֣֣ܲҲʱӨӨһֱԱߣû˵̧ܰСԴգˮĴ۾ΰΰһ㶣룬СѾͷƬҲѵ㻹С
ҡͷ
ְ֣ΪʲôаҲҪ˾һԺ󳤴ˣ˴仨ˮСѾͷίۿˮ
Ůǰְֲʵǣ㻹С˵㰡㳤ôˣſã˾ˣ
˾ˣ𣿡
ЦǰӣӨӨ廹ûãȳһˣ˾Խ㹦òã
˾ˣ˵𣿡СѾͷ¶Сѣۿˮֵ˻ȥ
Сӣʮ簮ĵ˾˵Ļʲôʱٹ
̫ˣ˾ˣӨӨϲľ˾ˣСѾͷ̧Ÿϰһڣ˴ЦЦУȴһˡ
Τ̾һ룬ԼСյģȴɱһ÷ⶼʲô°
ﲻܣ˵ĵܵܣҲõˣ㣬¼ҲҲһձĸк벻ۣòףðһȴû̸ɣԺСѾͷкٶ𣬰


054 Ѫ
յ£˵ʵΤʮźôأϾϵûκεģϲϲϲǲϲ⻹£ղһҲûаκξȨ
ֻܿһһˣ
ȵõʱΤضСˣȥսɣҲúģ
⻰˼˽˵ٴյģ˵ͷʵʱѾˣһնû¥ҲȥԷôˣ
ӨӨߣҺùóԷȥСѾͷ֣֪СѾͷҡСԴ˾ˣæأԼȥɣ
СѾͷڶѻɳľĲֺҡҡͷԼ¥ⲻһյĹ뷿õŶ࣬ϿܹյԸˣ
СòԸҲдգ崿ˮ˭¶ϲһ˼˰Ůӡ
գ
߽һ䣬ȴûˣһ㶣ҪתԴԡȴǴˮЩΣԼ治ʱ˼Ůϴ裬ҪˣɾͲˡ
Ҫ˳ȥԡȴյ˭
Щԥ֪ò˵ϾԼڴʣһ£Ӧһգң

ԡ˵һ仰ʱûãձͷһԡ˳ͷʪģ¶ļӨ͸һ㣬׻˵Ůԡͼջ˵ģͿЩ㶣æתȥ
ʲô𣿡ʵ
รӦһˣǽȥԷģ˵꣬Ҫ߳䣬ֻоѪҺڣĳλ
˵Դǽղ񹦺͸оġԽԽ󣬲һҽȻ¡
ղŹ˵һĹʢڵġŮɫ棬Ƶĳ嶯
պһ
ʲô£תͿһĨѩףʵ̫ҫˣҲƲסѪ
㡭մ󾪡
û£ϴ˿Ҷڵأ˵껰ҲƵ˳ȥ֪ԼٴǲǻܿƵס
ˣ˰죬һЦ˱Ȼ룺ԼҲһǴģ
һ֪̾ûһĿˣ
ܳ䣬ڵĺ˺һѪֹסȫѪҺŽֹͷðһ㺹ˮ
ԽԽȥˣһŮڳ𣬻Ѫˣ
صԼңϸѪϴȥˮݺϴһȫž
¥㿴ϣѾһ׵ȹɼ˵㷢ɢһ˲ķ飬ٴס
룬룬㶼ѾȷϵˣŮˣҪǣ㻹𣡡
˻Դ֪ôԼô嶯أоһĪԼղô򣬳ʲô۶ӡ
С㻹ŸʲôԷ
ΤغһʱĿɨһ飬а룺յӣ϶ϴˣһǲϴģղСȥԷĪǡ˲ÿģҲ԰ҪСռ˱ˣΪܺ˵գҲӦñֵôƽʲô¶ûƵģ
Ŀɨһ顣
˹³Է˵ģ˵ζĺܰζ
С㡭ôˣΤػǷĲ£һƽĵûô㣬ôˣ
ŶûôԷԷΤҡҡͷĵԼǶˣ˸ûзʲô֪ΪΣоЩʧ䣬ˮɣϾô㣬Ҫĺճˣǲ֪Ƕô˿ĵһ¡
СǺһ
ΤǰЦŵ˵ĺһǶô״ɸװİ׾ƣо˵ķ緶Ҫһôȣ¶ǿܾҪˡ
˭һҽһߣںȾһ棬¼䣬û˱Լˣ߲ܣȵʹ졣
ôˬ죬ΤǰȻˣҲһλСͬ־ϸǷǳϲġ
ϼҹԼսѵģôҽ˫ȫˬСͬ־˸˿ĵĽ


055 
һͣ˳ԵĺܾˣձֵķǳƽҲһ
Թ󣬺һ裬صԼķ䣬ϴ󣬱ϥڴϡ
ղ񹦣ԼķֻһӰĹİҸ³֣תȫǳùϰߣҲˣӲи
˺ҹϾ԰һӰȻֹֻ֣ˣ
Щɳƣֻٶȼ죬һ㣬ںڰУܹһڣҪ֪ЩڣΤǰģǼΪľˣǰˣҲͨˣǺ½̵ɱֽ֣
ʵߣأǸеĸ֣˷һ·νǳͨ裬ܿǰ
ɱҺ½̵ˣﵱֻӰһʧ˺ڰĻУ˳ǽڣڻһܿڷĴǰ
СĵǱ˽ȥϢϥڴϵʱһЦǴˣʱȻ۾˵Ĺâ
ˣ˵ǳƽڵѹĿƵģһҲΪԼģĿǰˣޱϲ
һȻһ£ûסݣ˿̽¹⣬òɼֻһǳͨˣҪ֣˲ͻûããȺУҲҲ
Ҫ˵ر֮Ǿ۾ǳڣ۰ռݵĺ٣Щˣڵ֪һ
˵ͷֺڵϿҪǳһֱڵǣ
ո˵󣬾Ͳɱ㣡˵
Լʵҡ
ʲô
ҿ׽ס㣡ವһֻȻ˹ٶȼ죬գ۱㵽˹ǰһ̽塣
ҲǺ½̵ƣִйٹܶΣһɲǼ䣬ҽŽżһŵأٿյɣܹһ
ʱɨ˹ٶȼ죬ͲԷĻᣬΪϸܵɱֻɱ˵ϲУı˵İΣȳ֣ռȻ
飡
ǧһ֮䣬̽ײһƵĺսһٶȼ죬нɱС
䣡
һУƵģȻڹĸ첲ϣ·һһӣͬһʱ̣ҽţҲݺؿڣȻǧһ֮˹ȥȻоؿڻʹ
ۣ
գۼ䣬ʮк˵ȭͷײһ𣬸Ե˼˿ж³һѪɫԲǺܺÿϾ˶ˣʱڣͷֲʤ

Ҳܲ
ʹˣҲȻҪɱ㣡ವһ˹ٴսһ˳ּ죬Ƶģּ䣬˷죬ܵ΢ڷȻѱ֪
ʹˣڵջ˹Ϊо˷𶯣ŵþ˹Ϊ˵
ôˣһ˯£ɫЩ£߳˷䣬Ͻȥţ󺰵ڴսһԶһۣû˵ٴɱһ
꣡
űƿ
ವһ˹ȥɫһ䣬ǧһ֮䣬һӺݺ˹ȥײһ𣬺һӱ飬һĻտˣһʱ侹ɵۣ˵
Сģ
ȣԶͬʱҲĶһʱ䣬ٵһڰеľ˿ٳڲᣬÿ˶ɫޱȡ
ˣһ亹Ҫ֪סһλ˾Ҫķʲô£һΣᱻϾ·ͥ
飡
Ⱥҵļһ˹˹ǰ৵һֻУȻһѼΪذףɭɭһ֪˾綾
ˣЦֳذף͹ֵվգûκζأֵֻܿ
С
ʱΰ˹ĿѣͷƤըˣԼıȻд̣ݵӾ
ৣ
ذڹÿһιĽǶȶ쳣꣬ʤ˼յİȫŲֽţƣӦ
飡
һǹȻһӵ˹һֻȻеذ׵סһǹĦƬĻ𻨣ͬʱҲ·𱻻ײƵģһӵ˴ڣһҪߡ
飡
棬ŵ˷˹ǹһۣ㶵ӣӦûʲô⣬һ˴ӣȥ׷
飡
ǹžҹĴ̶ĵ𣬽һʲô£ΪλᴫǹͬʱҲڼܣʱ򣬾Ѿ뵽·ߣֻһ󣬽ϵˮһȥ
ΧµľˣҲԥȥֻһ淢˱ըϵʱһֱֻ۷գˤǰѪܡ
۾ͺˡ
ˣ
ͨ
С
ΰĺ£ȥɱ֣ôŹ׷ȥ
淢ôĶΤǰҲ˹˿һ˾˽һ񣺡׳ã
ʲô£Τǰ𵶵һ֪˶ٷˣ£
׳һ̿ʹҪɱƴƴѾ׷ȥˣ˻㱨ͬʱֱģԼˣϾ̿Ǳ˱֪ôģҪΤǰĳʲô£ҲѴ̡
½̣
˾˵ĻΤǰԺһʱ͸ֳ֣ɫ࣬޷죬̫޷ˣһ̿;ȻǱЩžȻ֪飬Ҳ֪ǸʲôԵģ
׷һҪǸ̿͸ܻͬʱҪƴİȫȻŭգǵһʱ´
ǣ
ת̵ŵŵ˳ȥͬʱһҲٳ߸ϾΤǰİȫ֮أܳκ£ûܳеΡ
ˮ
ֱ۱һӵѪʣȻ书ܸߣٸߣûд֮ǰҲѶܹӵοΤǰľˣҲǾеƣÿһʵǿǹͱӵɸˡ
Ѫζ׷һЩֳǹеҲٸÿ˶ǹеֱðҪս
һѩǰܣ


056 ׷
ˮڳѬ죬кܶһҪǴˣԻᱻѬʱ˺磬ֶʮӲҲûʲôϵ
ٶȺܿ죬⼸죬һֱڵˣϾ˺½̵£˵޵ˣҲǱҪˣڵȴš
ΪƾԼĹ򣬿Խסγɣû뵽ȴ棬ˡ
̵ġ
ץסĲݣٶȺܿ죬ſӵѪζȫ׷
ˣˣҺܲңΪһǳɵĲ£ȴδ뵽ȴ֣ѵҪڴġ
òףƾŬнĳɾͣ½̵ƣǰʮƿر˵ȴ׷ɱǺεȵ̡
ģ
ŭ޼£ΪѾ׷ܲˣ
ֻһ仰ȴľģ½̣ĳ˵Ѿվ˶棬ԺҲܲݣһԸ⽫ΣնɱѿˣԼʱ̴Σ֮Уοвߵˡ
ݣ
һâڵˮëըȫ絯һһ˳ȥܹһֻͣǽϣһڣβ˲ͣ
üһŲһ٣һĻЩȻԷֶβⲻһˣ˵Ķ֡
ôҶҪ׷áߴʬ壡ٴ׷ȥ
Ӵĵϵͳ֩һ㣬ݺύ׾ͻ·׷һͣ˽ŲΪҲŲѪζ

˴˿̣Ҳò̾ĻᣬٷԼѪҺڲԼè׷󣬺пܷ׷è
߷˹
Ӧûߣ
ĸо˵Է϶ûߣĸ䣬Լһɱ
Ǻǣ
ЦһԽԽȤΣԣ߲ķ
ݣ
Ȼһճʱһƿնգ۱㵽˽ǰǧһƿ̲ݷʱͷƤը
һ˲䡣
飡
ҽһţǿ˲ϯȫƣɾʱ򣬽һƿٶ
ûԥһӵȥԵڳˮУһ˲䣬ԥϿն
һ˳һһ˳ȥսǴڰУһӰһߣٶȼ죬з߷߲ƽ
ɱ
Ϊ֮£ɱսҲǿΪ˻ԥԵĶˮУһˣ²ܳܡ
ϾҲ̫̭ˡ
ɱ
׷УһɱΣûվ˲Ǹ׼ºϡ
ֵܣǶһˣԺΣһ󣬹Σܱߺϳһɱƣȴ˳ȥк档
ݣ
ߣĪΪ㲻ɣҪƲԳԷƣ
ҾͰԷƣش
ΣҪ׷ɱԼҪһ˲ˣҲֲ˶೤ʱˡ
Ҳһգţ
ûǸˣɱһĻŭۣ£ˣԲ¡
Ӳˣ
ʱֻĵһ˲ѣ·ϵĶŢһӱ˦˳ȥٶȸһɲ̫࣬ΪһӰ
ҡ
˵ͷһĻһĵԺŵǷΪ׷ɱңԲ𣿡
ֵã
³֣ԽԽƺֻҪʮϢ˱ٴνӴսһ𣬹ҧǷˣԲУԺΪܴ粽ѽֵ
ƴˣ
ۿҪ׷һҧڱҪϣ׷ûл·ľ
ݣ
˳ȥֻ岻ܣ˿̵Բ壬Ǳʵ࣬ԣԽԽ
ԲУҲᣡ
ҧ򲻵ѣһΪԲ壬ǱԺ֮·Եûбһжĺޣ㾡֮ˮϴˢ
ҷģػɱ㣡
Ȼٶһ̫࣬ɲǼ˺ܴľ롣
ЦҲҪ˵Ļ
㡭Σһ̣˿ѪҺٴʣǸѪɫ԰ס
ҲǹǹҲңٶȸˣˮݺύᣬͷ
㣬Ҿ㣡Ц׷ᡣ
𣿡ЦһûǸ£Ǻ½̣ƣǿ㣬һֻϰ㣡
Σɱֻ㣡Ц
𣿺ôĿȻһںڰͻأ𣬼Ϊ̶Ųһ٣ȴɫһ䣬ֻ󺰵ڳ𣿡
ڰУ߳һ۵Ӱ

Ц޼ɵ׷Ŀ·ţڣͻתֱš
ڳϵǶǺ½̵һССĳ㵽زǺ½̵𣿡
ڳϣҡˣ
ڳϵߣλȥ£
ǣͬʱҲһ
˵벻ҲԣΪ½̵ĳϣȷʵʵд󺧣֪ĸˡ
СӣҿҲˣ֪ҽ̿ɷ񣿡ʱȴ롣
Ҫ˵ǽ˻ȥ
½𣿡
û˵ͷҽ̣һֿɵã
һҪ󣡡˵
ʲôҪ󣿡
ɱָ
㡭ɫһ䣬ıȷʵԷ»ɱԼһ˲˺ľ롣
ҽ̵磬ɱСѣԻһҪ󣿡
ҡͷСɱҵѣɣ˳ѽ⣡
ô˵Сǲҽඣ۾ɱ⡣
Ҳ̣ʵǡವһ˵˳ȥ̼䣬һϢ䣬û˹üļ䣬ͨһȥ۾Ŀ
㡭ţ̫ˣѵ֪ǰɱˣŭ۾죬һʱ䣬޾ɱ


057 һߣ
ҽȿɾˣҲɱˣһнһ䡣
ɱˣûйĵִΪǶǡˡֻôһѡ񣬲һһ뷨ֻҪܻѡһС
½̵磬Ŀڳˮɴ۾ţˣ½̵ĳϣǿĴڣԼ
Ŀ
ɱǰɱɱ˶Էûκԥתӡ
̫ǿˣͲǶ֡
ЦޱỴ̄˽Ҫԣûȥ׷ΪһжƿУèϷ󣬴ȤζȤ
ǰɱˣǺõһĪζ˻˹ӷ
ӡ
Ѿٶ죬Բ壬ľǱܣֻΪһû뵽½̵ĳϻͻȻʼϲԭ뽫γ룬һЦ
̫԰ˣ
ڳ˼̤·ҽǿһһе̬룬ˣ죬ԼӴĻ̫١
Щǿûиˮ档
䣬˺½⣬ĽС
һڲͬ磬˲пѪȣͬҲ뼤飡
Ҫӣ
ҧƤۿɼģ˿ή״ǺľǱ֢ܵ״һ˵Դȱʧһز
ûа취ֻôѡˣֻϣԺ󣬿Բȱⷽģ
ûа취ԴɣЩ̣ǰǹӣڣȴԼ

ûãЦ׷ˣͥŲȻԵãһ㶼ʵǿնɱ֮䡣
ӰɣӰɣ
ЦϷ뼥Цǰ뽫£Ϊһƣڣˡ
ֻ
ȻûɽϾˣһƤ¡
ӰɣһúõĿЦ
ƥ򣡡
һ䣬Ȼһɫһ䣬ˣ첻ˣô죬Ը⣬кܶȥԸûɡ

Ц飬˸Ĺ⣬һ㣬һǿĴڣ׼䣬ܱΪɡ
Ҳģ
ҧٶȴѪ˲˼ʮ꣬ţ⻹һ뱯
һԵΣ
һȥһȥ
Լܷʹǿ̫࣬޷ԽĴڡ
䣡
ʱԶըһ㶣û뵽ȥܻصԭ㡣
ұҪߣ
뵽Ȼһתһȥʼգ͸󣬾Ϸ顣
ߣ
ɾʱһȻɲǷɱ˹ٶ̫ˣһʮֿӰŨüۣһøС
㣿ô
ɫһ䣬оǿΣû뵽޵ﾹסԼȥ·
һģҹ
ȣʮְѹؼ䣬Ϻ顣
ս裬Ǻ½Ӹˮˮ㲻ҪңȻӺ½֮ŭ
ˣǰǺ½̵ϽδǶ֣֧żʮУһ޵еӢںڰ䣬ػģֻеΣʱ̣Żᶯá
˵һ𣿡
սÿһ£޶û˵ļ䣬Ȼ嵹ɣڿ³һѪķǳ
ң
սȣһ˲ѣȥɻǳˣ;ƿݣﻹĶ֣֮󣬱㱻Էסˡ
ߣһ
սĺǣұػȡ
ɫһ䣬սĻ˵ͻ㡭
ս
ߣȰȫԻǱƣֱе㲻ţս̫ˣĵԺսһսûС
ʧˣ
Ҫ֪ˣһٸӣҲ
ͬʱҲޱȰûڣҪ罫նɱ뿪ڵ
ȿȣ
Ѫһ˲ѣķ˿Ȼ˰ףΪ죬սɫһ䣬㡭
˱Դ
ЦѪʮֿӣкøУ²⣬Է϶ǹҵˣΤǰסĵطȻ˴̿ͣҰ𶯣˱¡
ˣǻӸơս裡

սüͷû뵽˵ôأԴȱʧֲʧԪ˶ôá
߰ɣҷŹ㣬
Ҫһߣ֡
ţ
һɲǶѣսϱɽ纣ϢʮǿĿŭӣս˵Ļǰ϶һȻҲϧһУĺǣҲҪնɱ㣡
㡭
˵ȷʵս˵һ˵ŹԼͻŹԼǣҲܾʹȻȥû취
ͻȻ뵽һ£һҴ˳ʮ㲻ܸţʱԻ
ս迴ڿѪһۣãϣ㲻ҪʳԣȻһȥ½̵̳һ⣬һǵϽ
Բʳԣ
Ͻߣ뿪ս߳һˣô
Ǹˣս
Ϊʲô˲⡣
սΪǺӣҪܼӸ󣬴Ӵ˽ֻһս
˱ԴԵһ̾
սáߣǸȥΣҪһ
˿׷ȥ
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ٱܣ˳ʮϷһǣһϣ˳˿̣¹ͣӨ·ߣһڣˮӡ
СӣɣЦһ˳ȥɣһ˲ѣˮ㱻Ⱦ졣
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ˡ
֪ͨȥһҪҵʬ壬׳һսһ̾˫Ŀ죬৵һתȥ˫


058 
ˮӣһᴩʡĴӣ֧Ӷʡģˮ֮ơ
Դӱִ֮̿Ѿȥˣ죬ʡνǷ˴֪Τǰʢŭ
ɳѰңɺ
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Τǰ˵ĻһƬƲҵΪʲôӡ
˾ˣ裬˾ˣӨӨ󣬿ɺް취ȥѰҡ

սԼڷֹԹԼҪΪ˱ԼͽǴ̿ץסˣˣſڴϣؿ
飡
ΰһȭǽϣбߣ˫Ŀ죬ҧ½̡
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СһС㣡
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үү廹ûãӦøԣܺСܶµĵ˵ŻʱСһۣ̿ˮת壬ܵѱߣΪԼʢһ룬ٺ٣ĺţۡ
һڹȥؼ䣬ããһƬѩµúܴҲ䣬ɲܶ࣬һѻȼţСһƾɵ鼮Ŀš
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ӣǸµĺӣһжģ˵̾Ϣ


059 п
ѩؼ䣬һƬã
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ˮڣ㣬Ұˣȣ˱ǡ
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үӺСﵽ񺣸ʲôȥˣһүӻԪʵ


060 л
СүүǲȥˣЦĻԪһվæȥǵſڵʱתͷЪţȥǣ
˵꣬ܳȥˣⷽҲˣһе
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061 ߹
磬л𣿡СԣŻСͮͮģգŴ۾ʵʮԣˮ
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ô㣬ҴûŹôĶԪµɴ۾Щ˼飬ֱƲ˻Ҫ㣬ӱȻ˼ζ

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СһƴϼһҲҪκãǳãԵʹҲҪԷһδ
СһҪŬҪջϣ
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ĺɫҺڣһˣͱˣ˿̵ȴޱȰ꣬ɫ򶨣ղйǷķд󰲶֮Чˡ
ŹȷѪ֪꣬˶ˡ
ͷʼưܣľһҩҺİ£ȫƤë׾ϴˢ壬޸
ⲢθϾȥܶԴʧԪͷף֤
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ںɫҩҺУ۾ϲƺһС
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Ӷ˳ߵһϴ壬һ·߹ǰһݡ
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СﰡҪǻţɣǶ㣬ҲҪ㣡
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¥£Τǰ豭ݺݷŵϣܶõˣǣ˼ƵģһϢûУţҲԸš
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꽫ԼԼķԴӵ֪;ˣô
ոȷϵɾʧ٣Ҳţ˶
˽żۣŮӣֱ⡣
꣬ЩɣȻܲ˵ģҪǵʱˣӣҲ۵ġ
Ȱο̾ϢµʱҲǿԼŮ⣬һŷĶϵˣ֪ԼԹǺޣ
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ᣬҲ̲סޱϴԼϳȥͲӣһжԼĴ
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˵ؿ裬ҪǻţΪʲôϵңɳƣҲ˵ȥ
ӣµģǸħᱣԼģһµģְֲץѰ𣬿϶ҵģֻȰοʹˮڵ䡣
ء
Ŀˡ
ѩٴؼ䣬һƬãܶڰʹʱͺ߹Ҳؼ䣬ѩӡ죬ͨԶ


062 ·
ѩԽԽذããģͺ߹·ûʹͨߣƾһ˫ȣڴѩУΪ䣬ܿ˵ͷϱ㸲һѩ
Ѿ쵽أǴ˿ʼʱ򣬵ͺ߹Ÿٹ·һεʱ򣬱ǰ೵ǰ

߹̾һû˵ʲô͸Ҫȥɽ·ԶģǺ߹ȴ·ȥ
߹ǰˣȻô˵Ҳûа취ֻøһ·ܲˡ
ǰ
һ䣬˿̺߹ٶȴԽԽ죬ܿʧǰңңɽ㣡

ֻܿЦûκΰ취ûǮǰ취ģ֪Էˡ
Ҳ֪ǰ·ȥ϶⣬Լкô
СӣҪлȥ·ϣ˿Цʵ˵ͷ
Ҳ֪ǰʲô£ôѩ·ǲǱˣʲôʱ߰
˵뱧ԹʱԼ·Ҳͦõģǲ֪Լֶܼ೤ʱ䡣
ϾΪûˣȻ߹ҩһ̲ǷǳݼưܣϻûǮѵһ·Ҫȥ
ţ뵽СˣҲ֪ڸʲô뿪ʱ򣬴Ӻ߹ҪһſʮӦÿ˹Ϻˡ
ſҲǱͺ߹ģƾź߹ΪǮҪҪǮȻ˴ϡ
٣ǣߣֵܼҿ㻹ǵȵȰɣ·ͨˣ
˴ӳ̽Դһ£Цҡͷû˵ʲôٴ·
ҽ𣡡
ͻȻǰ˽кЩɳƣȻ˺ܳһʱˣ̧ͷͼһʮӣһܹһ󺰣켱ˡ
ҽҽ
ųӣҡͷһ˶̽ͷҲһ֮ɫʵֵܣʲô°
磬ſˣûҽֺϣһǶģһҲǼģϾŻڳʹĴУҪˣûҽѩصģô찡
˵ֵܣŶôȥҲ̫ˣ˳
ңңѣҲ첽˹ȥܱ߻֣ҽ
Ŀ˹
󡭡磬ҽϲֲţϾҲ̫ˣͲһҽӡ
ҽҹȥ
ǣ̫ˣ̫ˣлл㣬лл㣡״Σ˵ߡ
ҽ𣿡
ЩţǴ˿˶켱ˣ˼ûһҽ˿ͻȻ֣·һݣﻹȥץס
ȿȣ
һ;ԼķοҪըˣԺ̫ˣǰܣתͷ磬㡭û°ɣ
ʲô磬ҿûƣ㺰ƴɣһߴһҡͷҲƴҽڣллˣһӵľ˰
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ô찡
ʱڼĶˣԼҪӣһҽʲô취򣬴ﰡ
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ܿô֤һҽңҵķԸһжң
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Уλϣ˹һѧ˺٣ؼ꣬ղидޣҲûа취û뵽߶ʮһܿͽҽ̾Ϊֹ
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лʲôѵ˵Ĳ𣿡ЦԱߡ
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ˣˣҪˣûã˾һ˶һϲڿ˰ٲߣǶҪˡ
ȻˣٶľˣţƵġ
̫ˣôѩʮ궼ûˣ̾
ǰˣҶŻؼҹ꣬ôѩٹ·ôߣ꣬ҪĲ
۷׷ף̾
ϾҪǰٶȣ·ϣǿҪüܻȥ棬һֱѩ·ߣĸʱ̣·ľҪˡ
ƴҪȥɽʲô忴ʵ
Σ߻ȥˣ
֪ΪʲôЩȤǼղűֵ̫˰ɣղβʱȣʮ̵ӳ
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˼Ҽʮ꣬ʱ䶼ǳƽƽˮ·;иǼסһӣҲ
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ĻشͺܲˣʲôǰɣǾǣǾǲǣƴʲô˼
ʲô˼⡣
˵㲻ᷳҰɣе


063 
˵ʲôʲôʱᷳˣֵĿò˵峤ķǳƯǻͷʰٷְٵ֡
ʱǰŵһ˻عͷЦЩһֱ͵͵עĶԻ廰ƴʦԹû˵滰أ
ʲô滰ԽˣǸ˾͵滰𣬵ȻĻඣ
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ͨ
ʱһ򻬣һƯƣ˶ȣһ嶼бҪ˦ȥڿλ壬һͨûʱ˼˫һ˳ȥ

ĵһоŮؼĲλһʱɵۣȳȺ󣬻ûѹջ֡

һʱŴͣĿɿڴڣӦһջ֣ٴβȣˤ
۶ۡ
ǰתͷʱһʱ䣬ɵۣģôõĻᣬΪʲôԼûأװױƴأ

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һվһǸ˵ʱٴθ֨һڴƯƣ󣬸Ǻ¡һһײ

һӿǲˣһЩ˱ײıףŬץסλϵİ֣ͬʱҲԱߵ壬ʱٴб

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֣üŬ䣬Ǻʲôô䲻ָоܡ
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064 ֲ
ûʲôֻ뵽һЩ£ôͼǲˣҲ֪ôˣЩ󣡡üͷŬţʮȷԼʲô£ô벻
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Ҳ֪ԴܹˣЩǲˣǶڽǣֺصĸоƵģ
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ˣ뿪Сֹһ䣬ôѩ·ΣգȴԮ

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ءɼˣô˱״⣬ûб۸۸˵ķݣ쾹Ȼ˳һŴҪǲΪӣ

볯žһһұҲһŴѪˮɳ
Ϭŵͻһδ̫޼ɵһɣĹͣԱ˵ʹ򣬹ҵδ棬ɵδ棿
ܷɵͷе㲻ҿ¶ԷҲ˹ҪһȺСǰ˴ˣԺô죿
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ëڵϣţﻹűأ֪ԼѾϴˣʹˣҲˣȺҪǲγҪ˦Լˣ
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ߵԣ߸˹ǴӾóһЩֽʣЩԼܷɵǰ
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068 
ǿĸĸСׯũ汲ǿܹĸ֪Ϊˡ¡ܷɲ̵Ĵ˫ȣܷɱˣ鲻֮û˹ʡ
һƶϴÿο˰ŸλǮʡǮʱǿһ֮˶ˡ

Ϊ֪Ҫˣ˱ضΨһĶӣڣӻһͷˣңܾҪɢˣ
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ΪŮ
ˣǼɣԺԺ˵ɣ

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ͻȻЩԼ
ԼǸʱͲӦûɣԼһӦ˼ĵ˰ĺΪң


070 
ſţһҲ˯˹ȥϾΪûᣬϢáڷѹͷĴɽһɣ̾ƮƮȻ˯˹ȥ
ڴϣëϹŵ飬Լϵۣʹһ̾
һǳõŮϵԼԼأȴʼģԴӺڻһĻĻҲͽȻã֪ԺΡ
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ͻȻ𣬴Ļ䣬˹ȥţֻӾվſڣ壡
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Τ̾Ϣһû˵ʲô˳ȥߺһӽסģۣ


071 ˽գ
ﻶЦ˳ݹɫǳЩΪûĥˣĲȻҲͺˣ
ʱӾ˾뿪˷䣬˺ú˵Ȼ׼Ů
꾾ס䣬װ˵Щôܣô⳥
Ͷ̣˵ôô찡֣䶼ˣ
У˵һ³̳Щ죬ҿûΪᣬĺ£һ绰ң
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ȻѾΤˣΤؾ˫޳ɣ˹ȥӵģ룬ԼԹȥɣҲ
㲻ŻôôæЩԼôأһŴСʱҪˡ
Ȱ˺ˣǵҲǶˣշһкܶҪϾ˰վԼ
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Ȼ߽Ůᣬһյһ𣬿ϵǸ룬Լ浽׵Զ
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չĻּҲûκΰ취ϾĹۣһصصĳԻʱҪǸ׼һȫϯ˸˶֪
ͬѧҶҪѾµĻǳȥԷòãչЦ˵˵ʱ۾ϵתӣ˵ڷֹϵζ԰ɣôʲôŲأ
֪˿̵뷨Ҫ֪¾ͻԼԩˣϾҲŽһǶѣҪҲġ
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һ˫޹Ĵ۾պȫʲôܶûƵģεˣղơ˵ļңҽļңɩӵĸɵܵܣ

չŴͣٴα𺳵ˣⶼʲôʲôͺٺһЦǿˣý㣬ϲǰˣΪùۣԼ˭أ
߰ɣȥԷ˰֣վ˳ȥ䣬ںţȻ뿪ʱҲŸˣ
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¥µʱȥ˵ʵǳĽҪǸԼĻöðϾŮôӴ붼м
Ȼ˶Ľ֮⣬мʺޣˣһɲһҪǷʲôĻģһ뵽ԼġŮ񡱿ܾҪݣһ鶹Լײĳ嶯
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˭ҪʲôһӾֱ˹չüҲǼˣϾǽУеŮҪ绰˶ȥˣǰӣҲϲŮ˰ɣ
չһʱ߳һŵĶĽһϽͬѧĽܰѵ㲻ʶ𣿡
ЦҵȻʶ㰡㲻Ľ𣡡
ԶԶԣĽͷаСӱ̫ǿˣٿǮ𣬿ˣôҲҪһԼȻչһ˹ԼӾ
Ҫ֪չڽҲһΪСȭ֣˸ͽ
ʱΪ׷չʹֶΣչû£Ǹȴǲˣڻأ
ĽܣѣչĽһۣʵ˵ͷ˵ĽҲǰԼæ͵ͬѧȥԷҪûԵĻһɣ
ţ͵仰أĽܶˣҪ֪Ϊ˵ٷѩﶳôãô˿룬Դ̵ĸСƵġ
Ͼĳ˵ɲѰ룬ϾŮҲҪ֪ж˺ŮһԹأҪǴȥĻ֪˫Ҫɱ˵񰡣
УǾһȥɣҳǱߣЦЦҪǳԣǾʹһԣҲĽһ˫ӣһ·ĽҲͦ˼ģҲܲһѣҲһȤ
ϣҪûвɿ£ǶԸ⽻ѵģѡΪˣ


074 ʳ
ۣĳ𣿡ĳǰʱչһʱɴۣŴͣʮֿŵ˵ôһ˵Ľȴһ
ʲôչҵģѵŮ𣿡Ľп޵ĳ嶯ȻһСӣŮϲһǵһ뵽ԼŮͶ˻ʱһɳ嶯˵ĳ嶯
ϾҵŮģãĽܻܺԼԼСӣôᶷù˧أĸоûЩӵܵŰ裬Ǻƽ׽ˣһ룬ﵹǺ˺ܶ࣡
ͬѧʲôأϳڼʻλϳĽܺаĽܲᱻչһɵ˰ɣ¥ݵʱѾչĿˣչĻҲֻ˵һûˣ
չ飬ڿʼʱջЩԸģһ뵽Ǹв˼ͻ
һΡҡ֮٣ҲǿԼˣԼϲϲϲȻйŵ˻ûн鰡ԼлԣѾˣһҪ
չ򡱳ƺǵûˣչһһŵʱĵ׻е̵ģ
ҿˣӣѩ죬е·βǺܺߣСʵǽѩµ̫ˣ
ҪȥԷһ·չʵϾһصصĳԻкóԵģԣѡԷĵطҪˣ
ȥʳкܶܶ౱ɫˣڽǺһ϶ǳԵķǳǳʹ죡չЦĵЩЦ
յԵĺʹɣ
սս㣬ҶС׳棬ʲô㶼֪չĸ첲Цĵ˵˷ܡ
Ҳǣʳʳܹ㣬ķǳƽʱһЩȨӵܶϲѣһˣ¾͵ֵͨ˼µĹˣҪǮĻһ˻Ѳ
ĳ˵Ҳǰϣչ׼ˣҪ֪ĻǲడôأԾѡôһص㣡
˵ʵû
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ǿȥɣҶȲˣչĿȲˣˮˣεЦЦ˾ȥ
˵ʵҲǵһĵطЩ棬ϾЩȨӵܵѳʲôʲôϵʲôУͲģ
̾һ
ݻĳ֪˶ۻ֮أ
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龫ֵŮյĹۣ϶Ƿǳǳõ֣Ҳʧݳһΰɣ
ӭ٣
ߵǰ̺ʱӭСһϹ˺һָоҲò̾ʱĺ׹䣡
ĽͷѾ߳һ㺹һƽСӣԷ̫ݻˣҲ̫ˬˣȨ˵ڽУ۾ȻһĨǿҵĶ־
ӭ٣
ߵʱ򣬾һλǳƯŽƷŮ˹ʵﻹа𣿡
˼ѾˣŮӷǳ˵ֵһ㻹һλá
˵ĴŶͨŮӱֵĿУҲЩӣԴȻӣͲʲô߸˧ҪչᵽطҪͣأ
˵ͷǾɣûɣѯһ¡
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ĽأǾ͸˵ʲôˣ˾ǸŮӵĴ£Զһӵλãĸ˾
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ΧĿﴫı뼥ĽӣջԼ֣ЩΣԴ;ŵģʮֱŤоܲҪ֪ĻٷԼҲͲˣ
ǵһ󣬷Աȴûй
ڱʳķԷǷԱˮ׼ǼߵģͲᷢ˵£ǿɲƾ·϶ЩϵĵλͲƸϾкܶ฻ϲ͵ġ
죬֮ûзԱҪʳĸ˴к
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Ůϳ󣬽ʤͷǳ˼ѹʳԺȣʤҹӹȻдҼ𻹲͡
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˿̣ҲЩˣˣȻûдˣ⵹Ǽ¡
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ϻô𣡡չЩƣⶼʲô°Ĺĵ˻£ˣôķ꣬ôæ𣬾Ȼдǣզ㰡
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£չ㶣Ϳʵ㲻Ĵϰ˰ɣǶˣ
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ңȻûиǵٽܰ죬ʲôòأʤЦŽսһ顣
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ٸҵһƣʵ̫úˣôľưչЦĵ
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Сչǹۣǵ㻨ô֪չǼװ̽أ
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չЦĵˣⲻ㿴û㿴𣿡
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ͻȻչһӾͺˣ˶ҿˣͨͨľңаۣô󰡣ǳ߶ȣôܵ˰ޣһңϹʲôأ
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еѵԼľôһ㶼չһأзӦˣԼء
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Ľղ򣬾ŮԣһƽʱŬѹԼڡ
๾࣡ƺȥ
㰡㿴ôľƣһ˸ˣչ׻ǵӴһûˣƿ˹Լһ
ٸһΪǵۣҲΪǵԵ˵ţˣȻ֪˻Ǽˣ
飡
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ʤ˵ͷûж˵ʲôߵյǰյļͥȻǲֶεģΪΤǰǺܴģҪˣļҲе
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ٺ٣٣㻹˵λӻϰأǿҲϲϲģͯվ鰡ٺٺЦţߵչǰ
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ϧˣƯĹҾͰִݻ˭ôռأһͽˣԺסһķ޼ɵЦҪȥչ
ǣʱȻһ𣿡
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ôûлȥ𣿡ЦҩƿУһҽ֪ܲأǡôأһֱڵǰأ
㣿ʤû뵽ԷΪõգȻ¶
㡭˵ʵʤҲһЦĵ̣ıڶվأأֻһѵӳԼ𣿣


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ֵܣε飬ҵĴſʮҵ㻨Ǯţҧҧ۵óһſ
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ٶˣơֵܣ⡭ľô˰ԭ£


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ⶼʲô˰̫޳ˣ
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չ˶ʹ飬úõһңˣһǷ˼ô
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չ˹ȥˮһӾ͹˳ôôأ

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ͫһ
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չңھȻ侮ʯҪչŮծ

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ϸһ룬ͲµԸӵʵͼ

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ӣҴˣҲð
չޱȻںޣԹԼͬʱԸӵĺҲ쵽˼£ҪǱţͳȥԸƴ
ǰҶϵĺ飬ҲǶѣû뵽ȴһ
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Ƕв𣿡
ЦһҲûнǰС


078 ԣ
вҶȻһ㶣ЦûȷʵвչһѾ֮ϾչǷҶ
Ҫǰչ˵̫࣬ȻҲ̫٣õĳڵĻһףѾûǸˡ
ʧˣҪٶɽǺεȵļѡ
Ҿвôˣ
ҶȻʮֽĴЦһжƿУûʲôµġ
ô̫޳ˣŭҲ̫ᷳˣ޲ȥһţչĺùۣ£ҲҪվ
ǡ
˵Ҳһ֣ѧôǮȻɩΤؿ˸˾ҲǮҲһСְ
ٺ٣
ҶȻЦ
գ۾ðаĹ⣬˵ʵƾżǮ͵λҲСģܺǰŮȰ
ž
ˣ
һ˿̿ԷˡϷգһƾ˳ȥǽһҶȻ˦˳ȥ˲ͣҸǴ³һѪлż
ʱϣ仰ƾ˵ġ
ˣһӾˣǼڸûзӦ˵Ҳѵһ˿սͨˣû˿
֪ﻹˣҪǲݺݽѵһ٣ǵķ϶ͱ֤ˡ
ءģŪ
ҶȻģ壬ôӶûдڣȴһѧˣǱĵȥˡ
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ȻǼڱͶԿˣˤڵϵʱͫд󺧣ҵ谡⻹Ҫ֪ǼҲǺˣڣȻ˼һ֮У⡭üԿ
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ҶȻҲһ
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ԼȻˣ
ʼʱҶȻһҲΪһѧڣľͲһˣʹһѧǶ˵Ҳûʲôؼǣֵ̫ˡ
ˣȻãײ㣬
ҶһˣһжΪأЩжͲչˣ浹ǶͦãҪܵڵĻٺòˡ
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Ҷоһһˣһʿɶֹ£³çˣ
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ĸھɲʵֵ̫һˣƽʱʱǽѵˣһȥͿˣڣĸȥûá
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Ҷ۾һա
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ĸڡ
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ͿҶȻҶ
ҶȻһˣҪҰɣҪþԼԵõıǿʱڴһӶסˣͷһ˲߳һѺˮģʲô񰡣Ҳ̫ˣԼ˱Ƶġ
ѣˣ
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Ҷʹ̺꣬һ̣ҲЩëѣ㵽ʲôȻҲûʲô£ʹˣǿҲûʲô¡
ò˵ҶܴһǱģҪǽĻλҪһ
չ̾˿
Щ꣬һֱöԷѣֵܣǵȴľ棬Ȼֻ̺棬ûѰ
ࡣ
߰ɣһỹģǳƣ
Ҷһۣߣ
϶ǴȥˣߵĺãҪٴȥĻҲ֪ʲô¡
𣿡
ʱȻ
˵ĽŲһӶסˡ
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ʲôǸղҸʲôǳȻȴһɺ⡣
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ǵ˰˱ӵùǲûôأûдﵽԤЧԼҲݽȥˡ
㵽ôҶһ
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ҶĬá
ҶȻ˵ʲô죬ְѻʻȥˣȻ۵Թ֮ɫҲ޵˼㡣
ãˣ
ҶûаնԸϾֵ̫ˣҪԼôСҲҪ꣬ôĶ֪أ


079 Զߣǰ
ȻԣǾЩʲôɣЦҶҶȻһͲʲôˣҪԼùչһң֪ᷢʲôأ
Ҷһûа취ֵ̫ǿˣҪǲʲôܾ߲ˡ
ļóһֽóʣ৵д˼֣ԼָӡǸչ׼ģ֪Լȴˡ
ߣ
ԵĲˣԼò׿չˣȴŹ˼ңΪСӰӸûꡣ
һ㶼ں
ԴӻصǺ֪˵͵˼أ
ֽݵչǰ
Űɣ
չ˽˹þúþãۿʪҪûһҿܾҪƵͷˡ
ӣлллл
չæл
ѣ̫ˣЦŵ
ҿ
չ˹
ֽݵʱһʱɴ۾ˣˣҲûˡ
ǺǣôңʵҲûиʲôҪĻҲͲôˣЦ
ôллˣչܸӣԼù۵ѣȻԼôæԺҪôأ𣿰ޣչչϹʲôأǶˡ
ʲôأ˹ǽͰ̣˰ˣ趼ûȵأ
ѽ㿴ңҿչĸæкܸмȷʵһңȻƾҶǸӣڶѾԼһҸϳȥˡ
˾
գչҲŮ˵һǳƯŮӣµĲ񻰣Ϳһۣ΢΢̾˿ҪԼŮжð
ղһ֣ȻѾˣ
Ͼͷβֵ̫ǿˣֵǿ󣬶˵¶أֱŮеļƷϧѾŮˣ
չô룬չĸҲô룬û취ͷôõкѾˡ
ȥˣҪСȼչ˶չĸ˵
չĸ˵ͷվ
ĸѾԹˣˣ̫ˣæǲų극ֳԣװ°չȴС㲮ҵķ˲óඣ
⡭Ǻðɣ
Ц˵ˣҪƳ٣ǿɾͲÿˣϾչļңôҲҪӡ
Ǻǣ
ͷչ˿ĵЦ
òģΪˣû뵽һңǶôصĶ鰡û֪ôˣϾƾҶԸҪǲչ޸Ǹӣ¾û꣬Ͼ򰡣һ׵ʱô
Ȼ˵ллûʲôãһҪлл㣡չԱߣ
Цǲ𣿡
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㣡
չСϣһ㣬ʵչܵܣ

չ̾һһܵܣͷǳʹһúõ꣬ȴһֱϣܶطȥ
չСȴЦ㣬˵׼̾ҺúõģܳܺȣǲͰ裬ҺҸ
Цһ㣬ʮů
һܼǿˣ
ЦǰҸԺҲһĸҸ
չĵôûи˵ܵܵ£ǲǲҵ۰
У
չҲ˵ֻǲһĶѡ
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հһۣҪ˵Ļ͸һҽСվҲ˵أ
ҽ
չһ£һӾͼһץסյĸ첲ս㣬㡭˵ʶҽ
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Щ꣬Ϊ˵ܵܵȣ뾡һа취˺ܶҩҽҽķˣǾûʲôá
ʱ͵˵ͷ
չһӾվŵʵս㣬ǸǸҽ
̫ˣ
صһЦ
Զߣǰ
ʲôչɴ۾


080 
Զߣǰչ٣ܵһĲһֱϣվ𣬲ƽһıģֻһ˿ڴڣŴ⡣
ÿŵܵĬĬĿŴϣʱչĶ絶ʣôϣܹܵվȥ԰ȥȥööλ
Ȼһ뵽ʲô
գ㡭˼ǣȷʵԶߣǰղҽôǰҲֻôһˡ
Цŵ˵ͷ
һչվϵĲ豭ˡ
ˣչҲ٣һҽĿԾԼĶ
СС
˵ЩʲôǻǧΪϣ
κϣһ㣬ȫԸ
ǰһʮСӣһҽɣǻͿڣˣƾֱ
һҽ

չһץסĸ첲̧ͷ峺۾ﷺỨţ֪һκԼܵܵģ֪ôģһš
ղŵı˰ɣ
Ͼһҡ
ӣһᾡЦ˵
˵Щһֱæź쳾£β˵£ǿˣϵ꣬Ͳɵ뵽һˡǿǸֱ
˵ʲôأ
ʱչĸ˳ڳԼԼĺˡҽ֣ڡҽ֣رУϾĸĸ׵ĲϣԼĶһˣֱܹԼߡ
裬ҽ
չЦˣ绨һš
ѵ
չĸָķ׵˵ϡ
桭ġţôһСᣬҽЩҽӦöʮϣҪǰ׺Ӱͷŷˣϣʧɣ
ǲô˵ģ
֮һϣҲΪĶӣΨһĶӣͷ⣡
ģ裬һģչԥ˵ԼĺùۣҲܵһġ
Сһжˣ
չһ£ϳɵֲֶ̺סˣҪЦСӣԼĸǰҪûԼҡ
һŬģ
˵ͷߵչСǰ
лл
չС˵֣ǳƽһˣҲ΢΢һ̾ﲻϣԼܹվνһδεϣ󣬻ΪʧȻ컯Ϊ˾
ио𣿡ʵ
չСûУҵȣӵģ
ҽô˵Цʵ
ʱչĸͲ廰ǴСȥܶҽԺǵļǡǡ
ʲô

չ̾һʲôû
ҲͲˣչСĿȾȣƽûʲôϸһ£Ϊһ
ҶĿ
Ž
ôһչĵʵ
Сչ˵ԼŮһۣŮĻжϣϾԼĶӡ
𣿡ͻȻʵ
չĸͷ
Ϊ˾ӣչĸҽҽԹҽµĶ
չ˼ȫǺˮ
չĸԼķ䣬ﴫ鵱죬Ȼչĸ˿̵Ѿƽûƽ
ܿ죬˻;ƾ׼ķǳȫ
˹ȡһ룬þƾ˶ȻͲ嵽չСϡ

ɾһ£չСһӽ˳Ƶģڽŵһ˿̣չСһʹ󣬾͸е飡
Լȡиоˣ
Լȡиоˣ
ͷߺۿˮ̲ס
ǴûеĸоԼȡڸеʹˣˣأЦ
С
չŵĺһܵܲ°ɣôˣôޣ
㣬û£أҵȡиоˣʹˣء
桭ġ
չɴ۾
չС˵ͷϵˮһֱ¡

ȻչСһУ˿һȣͬѨλһ룬ʹϮܵȻʹγһϣ
ˣٸҹҹԼţţԼܹͨһֱһֵͯ꣬ǣһжϣ
ڡֻΪϣ
ֽ˻
ơôչ˵ˣһϣĿ
Цˣ˵ͷϣ
桭𣿡
չˮ
չ߬Լ֣ؽڴѾףڲԺǺ䣬Ĳ𣬶ӡĿվ
һѾˣ
ڣһСϣ
չĸԼĶӽһһ
̾һ
ûܹ׻ţһôҸ£ǺܶˣֻΪ׷еĽʱǲŻᵽܹһôõ£
ллˣһңչ̧Ŀ
Ǻǣûʲôβ˱ҵ£˭һҽأЦ
չһѹеļССĲ
ĲΪϵһҪ볹κõĻҪµʱ䣡
£úúãֻҪϣͺðչ˵õĻӵļˣܹվˣһô˿˷ܵ飡
С
ӵĲϣչݹʹʧôֻҪһҿֵĻţһжϣ

ʱչ˿ĿͲһˣЩ꣬ӵô֪һоûУֻһȥ̾͸оʹʲôҽ
书ҽǫѷΪ˲ð
ٴ̾һҪԼŮǸжðҲֻһ̾ѣ˵ȻչǳƯȵأ
չ֪Ůѣɲգ꣡
СԺСĲҪ鷳ˣչ˶ԴǳĿ
ЦİɣչѣСĲͰˣ
úúãչ˵֣һ̣һ˵ã
СĲҪģͨľҴٿһӣãҲܺõĿЩ
СǴ˵ôǾô죡չ˵
ҽȫŷˣһܹģһ


081 չĹ뷿
չˬʵЦЩù˾飬飬ѹϣȻҲһˣǱмңܷ
СǸһչ˲ϵĺƣ߲ܣʺõĲˣչҪƴƣǿɾʹشˡ
ʱҲչԼĹ뷿Ĺ뷿ֺܿɰ֣ܿǽϹС߰һߡ
ķ䰡Цû뵽ԼĹ۾Ȼôȡͯĵĸо
Ȼҵķˣû˽ǵһչЦ˵ԼĵܵϣվӵĿˣֱЩ꣬϶ĵһˡ
ףǣƬ㻹Űյݺݵչһۡ
ս㣬չЦһƬյգǺܴ󵨵֣ϲԾͱû뵽սĹ뷿ˣôôùأ֪ĻͲˣ¿ɲðˣ
ƬˣպĽƬɲԼô󵨵ƬҪǱкӿô죬Ҳ֪ôģƬôһֱأ
չһ㶣ϽƬ˹ս㣬Ƭһúñģһ˷ֵģȻҪԸ⿴Ļ𡭡
˵ʲôأյһۣ̫ˣƬôܸأҪˣԼʲôˣ
ս㣬ʲôֲû·չЦ
տҪˣȻд·Ҳ̫˰ɣʱҪӲҪĵĻԼ־˹ȥ˾ڴϹȥ
˺ˣս㣬ͶˣƬ͸ˣչշһ󣬾ͽƬҪٲĻչ֪ջ᲻ỹԼˡ
һƬ𣿡չֹ
Ȼˣպչڴϣҿɲñ˿ҵ壡
չЦſڴϣϸĶյ۾˵ͽʲôʱϵģ
ʲô򲻽ģ㲻ҪϹ˵յһۣ̾һ
ôˣôã㻹̾ʲôͬѧ㲻ɣչɴ۾
Ϲ˵ʲôأûĵʵˣҵѣ
չţɣҺ򣬿ûоܾѵѵбŮˣһӣǣӦð
˵ˣҡҡͷڴϣ컨壬Ҫˡͺˣ
ͬѧϹ˵ʲôأչոһһ㶵ģվȻҪģˣòвɣ
յĶͷհûĿ֣ʲô
ûеòĺ˵յĲˣչ
ҿûк˵̾
չͲˣôõˣ书һҽº񣬼ֱõĲˣҪĻ͸ˡ
ս㣬˵˵㵽ʲô˼չϾ϶£ѵֱŤˣҲǣȻҲһʰѧУˡ
ϲң̾һ
ɣչŴͣôأǽУôƯô᲻ϲأ϶Ϲˣ
ҪϹͺˣտʵϲˣǲң
չŴͣʲôȻϲˣѵСɣôأôƯѧУﲻ֪ж׷׷ˣǸ˾Ȼϲҵ죡
㲻˵İɣչЩţҪжĻһȢŮģ
˵ĵȻģǸŮ꣬÷ͺˣ̾˿
⡭չ֪˵ʲôˣ÷ĸ־ѹһˣԶ׼ǸĳôĹأ
Ư𣿡չʵҪǳƯĻһϣûˣҪǲƯĻãҰ㶨ˣ
˼ҵȻƯˣ֮£յ
չŴͣҲ̫˰ɣ÷ֳĺղ£ֲýأһϣûˡ
ô֪֪˰սʤչӶԷ֡
֪ǽǵĹֳӾ𣿡ʮįʵȻҪ׷֣ǸŮӸѹʵ̫ˣȥȻһƶûС
Ȼ֪ˣӾ˭֪ȫءͻȻʲôչЩԺʵ
˼ҾӾǧ𰡣εĵ
չ޷ţԼýõľ֣ȻӾǧ⻹ôˡ
÷Ӿǧ𣬶һĺղ£ҵ죬⻹ôȰһϣûˣ
˺𣿡ǧǧİԴⷽ֡
˺ܺãõĲˣٴεĵЩҲֻԼĹ˵˵˵ţûˡ
չһ˴ϣս㣬ҿûκϣˣľ̫ǿˣǿĲֹһ㣬ҿ㻹ǸϽ˰ɣ
㻹ҵĺù𣿡ûĵﷳĲˡ
ҵȻĺùˣΪĺùۣҲŲϣһߵڣչ̾˿Ȼ˺ܺãǡ
ҲģĵҵһϲкӣҲҵĳһģ
ҲǣôãĲ׵ķɣҿԺ㣬ܺʤһ˰ɣչ֪ԼùȫݽȥˣҲǣǵһμ棬ҲʸˣôԼһңһܣһκԼĵܵܣˣҪĴˣǽ
ҪûյĻѾȥˣ
һͣչ󺰵
ԣһͣҾͲ꣡յˣȻԼҲܲԼסһأԼһϣģգһܷ
ս㣬̫ƯˣҪ˵ĻǸöðչЦ˵
Ϲ˵Ҫ˵Ļһž͸ȥˣεĵ
ҲһŶˣ
ҪʲôҪǴ˿ĻһѪš


082 ı֣
ѽѽս㣬㲻Ҫץ˼ﰡϣʹչСУû챻ϹʲôҪǱˣΪʲôأ
ս㣬̫СˣҲֽϲˣչЦĵ
󣡡պݺݵһۣ˿Լֿ˿չвйǰЩһ㶼ںϲˣҪںĻǸôأ
ҵĵȻ󰡣˭б˵ͯվأս㣬ҲӦúúûױˣҲ̫ΪԼװˣչ̾
Ҿӣҡҡͷ˵ʵչʮĽҲ֪ôԵģôⶼǸطأ
չЦս㣬Ҫ׷ĻҪúôһˣǸλҲҪٴһ㰡
㡭˵ʲôûʲô˵ˡ
ս㣬к˵ҪҴһطչЦĵʮֵʲô˵
ҲŲҪأյһۣﰵַϲػСأ
㡭а취Ķˡ
һչڴϣЦŭ֡˺һ
˺ˣͶչȻ죬ͷģʮֿģҲǣԼĵܾܵҪվˣʲôĵأ
ԱߣСĵĺС𣿡
չ֪˵κˣԼȫݽȥˣǰעЩأڣȴǵ
İɣоУ֤ܿģչЦŵ
ж󣿡СʵЩ±ȣǰʲôչǰͷǳԱˡ
ôɣչȻһơ
С̾һ
չͻȻ뵽ʲôʵǸܡ԰ɣôأ
һ£ӦúҲɣ
ǲͽ𣡡չ̯˫֣ģӦö࣬ҪץסģӦһ֣
һ棿ղĵƽʱʱ򣬾չӶ࣬ѧУʱչ֪ʰ˶ٸ׷յˣ˵չյĻʹߡ
췹£չЦĵ
Ϲ˵ʲôأôأݺݰһۣþǲףõӶˣ췹Ǵ֮붼û
չ̾һս㣬ͽ򣬷չʲô̶ˣ
ʲôʲô̶ˣռװʵ˵ʱһĻ
Ȼ֣ǰʲôģչգ۾ʵʵ̫ˣҪס˵ģһôأҪϲˣǾͻ󵨵׷һҪ׷֣ʱ򣬲֪ôģ뵽
ޣչչϹʲôأˣôأţ˲ˣһ
𡭡Щ
£չʵģ֪վȻԥһʱ󾪣ɣѵѾܽӴˣҵ죬⻹ǸصѵΪˣıˣ
ս㣬㡭㻹ǴŮ𣿡չǳ󵨵ʵ
˵ʲôأߺչ¶ʣԼôǿԼĶôͽأ
ôһ˵չͷ̾һս㣬̫ˣڴѧҲûмŮΪԼϲˣѧУСùݿ˷δأҵжܽһأŮĶһҪ»֮ҹͳȥɲýʱ㰡
ҪϲˣﻹںôأЩĶЩŮˣ̾һ
ɣչж̫ˣɲУԼһҪú˵˵Ȼô죿
ⷽ棬չջҪأȻƽʱʱֵĴֵӣǳǹջҪأࡰһΡڱأ֪յĳѾͳȥˡ
˵ʱⶰ¥棬СڣʱѾͣĵطڰУ߳Ӱ
ϴҪôܿôóˣһǮˣҪ鱩¶ˣǿô찡εģһ˵
žһϴ˸Сһƣݺݵ潻ģϿ£
ϴ󡭡
Ÿʲô
˾ͿʼֽţСܵϴҪǳ˳ô죿
ôô£ôôҵţϴݺݵĵ
ǡϴ°ҼﻹһѧأﶼˣСܲƺʮֺ¡
ģϴ󶼿챻ˣôʹôһثҪ֪潻ģҪˣԼͷɻڴˣõ֣Ҫǵص㲻ԣһŽСܸ߷ˣģȻȥͽСܸˣȻ㻹żˣ㻹ӻʲôϽһȥɱӵĴ¡
ϽߣһסСĵںڰУȥû˷ǣȻϴǸһеģ֪ôܲᱻ֣Ϣ֪
ԭǽӹǰս㣬󵨣뷿չЦ˵
ս㣬ʲôо𣿡չʮֺ棬ĳǻأҲ֪Լʲôʱ֣ԼҪȵʲôʱܰζأ
˵ѧǰãǣչһ㶼ûܵҲǣڴѧһƺšС˭ȥ׷һˮ
ս㣬˵˵˼Ҷ켱ˣǺùۣ޻̸
ճĬһ󣬵ʵҲ֪ʲôζʱʱҵԴˣʲô֪ˣ
չ̾һͻȻһЦս㣬ĳҲûˣҪĵڶǾ͸Ұɣ
˵ʲôأʱչѾЦֳһš
飡
ʱȻͣϽӴţֻվ棬һľȻ˲١
ʲô°չЦеʵյͷЩҿ
Цʱ䲻ˣҺҪˣ
ôˣҪסɣչһ£ܿ˵ѾߵˣѾȫ
ˣҺѾһ磬ٲȥ˾ҪˣЦ˵


083 ƻ
Ѿˣô䣬ֺ˾ƣôܿסɡչ˵
ƤһЦգգۣһ㶣֪ʲô˼
չĻҲúеѩ·Լֺ˾ƣ¿ɾͲˣ뵽Τص˿϶ڵԼֵҿǴ򳵻ȥɣ
ȻԼ˾ƣ⣬аɣ
ôУвУǾסˣչҡͷʮ־ϣҼôæһҪΪսİȫǣʹһ绰ؼң˵סѼˣ
˵꣬նСĵս㣬ӦҺò뵽ļƲߣͿˣ
һĲ⣬֪Լ۵Ļʲô˼ʲôüƲߣȫڹչϳգ۾뵽ù۶ȻͺԼҪǾסɣ
ᣬ˵ŻʱԴС˵ӣһҲˣҪļֻȥĻԼҲ˵ʲôˣȥǡ
ӣֿչһۣһ£͵ǺðɣǽһպãҲСһ£
㡭Ӧˣ
Ȼ̧ԴϲĿӦˣֻоϲѣûоܾԼԼģʱղ֪ôģĨһ
˵ͷ
ҲЩ֣ôˣԼӦΪʲôôأѵǲǸңԼôõŮȴôģҶ˵Ǿһʹĵط
Ү
ӦչһǳĿģҲһӺˣˣôԼļƻҲͿʩչˡ
ΪԼĺùۣƴˣ
˷ܵӣЦЦȻĻҾ͸绰ǵģ
յ˵ͷ
뵽ӼܳصѧУǵɩˣԼҲ̫³çˣʱֻԼ˼˵ĸܣԼ̫ˡ
һ绰
Сӵĵ绰Τؾһô
ãһͬѧңϿܾͲˣЦ˵
סΤһ㶣֪Ϊʲô뵽˾Ƶ꣬ѵ
֪ΤػǷ룬͵Ͼסյͬѧİɣչˣһûµģ

ô˵ΤؾһȻסյͬѧңҲûʲô˵ˣԶ׼յͬѧǿ϶ŮˣʲôĵģǾͱˣ滹ѩأΣգˣúչգ˵˵˵ˣǾһɣ
ã
˵ͷ͹˵绰
ôɩ˵ʲôˣҶϵ绰վʮֵĵʵɩӶ˵׵ˣԼܳȥ϶ɩˣԼ
Цû˵ʲôֻչ˺㣬Ȼһȥ
ţ
ô˵ֻȫһͷ˲٣ʱչ˹ͮͮģ·ЩҡڣȻղź˲پơ
СôڣסɣһҵĴˣչļҡҡλε˵˵ʱһã죬չüˡ
֣ôôưѵ㲻֪ƴ𣿡ƽʱʱչͲ׼չ˶ȾƣŮӣչҲٺȾƣǽʵ̫ˣͲɺ˼
ְֽ첻Ǹ𣬺úúã´βȾˣչ˻ǺŮģ֪ŮΪԼá
һΣſͻʱֱӺһƿ׾ƣҽԺ죬󣬻صչһûи˵ʱչںȾƷ棬ͺע⣬ɲԼıŮٴβԼ
²Ϊ
չ˵ݺݵһۣҲǵģôҰֺôأ
ЩԼûӺôƣʱԼȰأǼܲס˼Ҹ˰һһĹ࣬Լס
չô˵չ˾ͲˣԼҵĶˣԼŮҲ̫СƢˣҪûһӶ¶޽ͷˣôסůķ
ԼҪȵģС£СǸ˵䣬չ˲䣬ϾһƣƣҲֻо̶ĴϰϲУ˵һλߵϰɣ
֣չһЩίԼⲻΪô˵ˣ
Ǹչɫ
˺ˣҲûʲô˵ģͲصǸˣ˵˵ֲǰɣһʼԲҪΪԼøŮϵŪԼɾˡ
СǶԲŮˣͲӵĻˣٻȥһչҡҡͷҪߡ
ЩҪȰٺȵĻҪſˣչһջصԼķ䡣
ôˣƽʱ㲻ӰЩ⣬ȫչ˵Ǵˣ˶˼Ҳûʲô˵ģչֱ֣ˡ
ӳչһģ嵨չ˺ȼҲûʲô˵ģ
ͻȻչһЦ
һ㶣ô£չôͻȻЦأ˰ɣϽĵʵôˣᷢ˰ɣ
зհֻ̫˰չŶֱ֡
ԽӵĲˣˣʲô谡ʲôأ㵽ôˣ
չЦûôִҵļƻأ
ʲôƻ
һ㶣չĶ˵һ䣬һӾߺȥչϹ˵ʲôأҡҺôأеģһеġ
ôаչЦĵֻҪ˯һˣǰһˣ
ǡǡռֱҪˣչ̫ˣ¶룬ɺݺݰһۡ
չû̫ˣ͵ս㣬ȥˣ˯һ𣬵þͷҪ°
ôһ˵һ㶣ԽӵĺˣȥڴϹȥȴһչ͵ս㣬ҪˣһõĻᣬҪ㲻ϧĻһĻ͸ӵСˣ

۵Ļղ֪˵ʲôˣ뷴䣬һ뵽꣬ʵûʲôʤ㣬Ҫ𣿡
ǺǣǼϷûзҪ飬ȻҪĻ⣡
أպݺݵһۣþǲס


084 뷨
չ˵飬Ȼ֪Ҫ֪˵Ļ֪θ룬˿̣ںչ˺Ų衣
չĸչСҲԱ˵֪ʶԨ֣һҲЦﲻչ˾͸̾öûôˣһ룬һжǿգϵĵжˣǵõ˴Ȥ
չ˵ҲûɣϾǰһ˾Ǹλã涼ҪǣôҪһ˷ľżƵģϵתת̫ˡ
һжжˣֻоɣȻ⻹İæڣȻ˿̵ΪҶҵԵʣȥȥˡ
ǰЩҲ̫ˣպã£ڼúǣչĸ˵Щ꣬չһֱæҵĺأչĸȻû˵ʲôﻹǶЩԹãչ飬ǾڼúЪһЪϾ̫ˡ
չҲ˵ͷ
ǰǸúú㺢Ӻˣ
ЦЦպܰ͵ʱ䣬ҾȸСһ°ɣ
ģȻãͽչСһ£Ҳʡʱ䣬ϾкܶҪæĺܡ

չĸȴԥһ£ЩɣȻҽǳ˵ãҲܸмǣɷղűϾôľƣ˾ƺҽⲻ°ɣ
չСͷ⣬Ȼϣ£˿չȴûע⵽һ㣬ͷúúãֵС㿴Ҫ˵ʲôֱ˵㲮ĸȥ׼
Ц;ƾͿˣ
չ˸˵ĵ˵ͷӻüͷ㻹ʲôȥã
չĸԥҿʱҲˣҪɣ
ʲô˼ѵ㲻ӵ𣿡չ˾ЩԼŽôˣС»ǣ
չ˵ԼչĸҲǳίԼҲΪ˶Ӻ𣬾͵Ϻôľƣҿɣ
չĸôһ˵չ˾һ㶣ӦǰôľƣҪλ˿ô죬ҲЩԥǿֲԼ˼ҽô˵ˣ϶аյģٸʲôġ
չĸĻҲ˼ЦЦʵϣپܺȣǳѣһ㶼չĸ֪أϾ˼ҲǹԼĶӣҲ֮С
͵Ǻǣҿǲܣ˾ƣˣǾɣ
鼱ҲãԼסҲһˣһ룬ԼЩżˣûпǵչĸչ˵ĸܡ
չСȴͻȻ裬ȥ;ƾùƴ룬Щ꣬ζڵһ죬һ̶Ȳˣ뾡Ҳˣ
չС˵ʱ̬ȷǳ˵ûһ죬ȵ̫̫ˣõζվͨһۣЩͨ㶼Լȴǳ顣
ӣ⡭չĸʮԥ
Щ꣬ӵĿ࣬ûиܵǰ̫ˣ̫վˣǣ˾ưҪ´ô죿
裬ƴ򣡡չСʮּᶨЩ꣬Ȼʹ಻ĥҲĥӣü㣬ĺǿһĳ£ͻȥ
ʱչűƿչմ˳չСһ仰չʵܵܣ˵ʲôʲôƴģ
㣬ƴȣ衭Ϊƴ˾ƣӦã㣬վһһ̶Ȳˣ
չСĻչһ㶣Ϳھ׼ҵܵƣ
˵ͷʵҲûʲôں춼УҶҿɣ

չСҡͷھΣҵȲˣҪվûиܹⲻҵ飬ƴΰɣ
Ҳû뵽չС̬˼չСһ֮ģĻҪʱ䣬Ǵ˿̿չСԼҲЩжȻôңҾ;ɣ
͵ȻôңҾ͸ʩ룬뷨̾վ
ʲô
˶һ㶣󾪣̾վôܣֶ
㡭˵ġģչСţԼϾͿվ
˵ͷЦ뷨һ˵ǲʩչģǵ˽ͷжңȻôңҲʧĸ㲻ˣ
˵ţͶԼһĨһ÷ָˣֻһһһߴ糤Ľˡ
ǡ
˿һĻЩôǱʾɡ
Ҳǵһο룬һָϡ
˹ȥ
𣿡չʹ˵仰
ҡҡͷֻ÷һ̣ѣʱһƵȻ𣬵һӾʧˡ
⡭
𺳣һۣ˶Է۾𾪣ûǶǣһ÷ѣôᷢأҲ̫ˡ
ߵչСǰһ£㻹ɵȥɣƵĻҲԷ㡣
չС˵ͷɫԵļ
չһӾܵչСĺ棬Ρ
չСңչͽܱܵ˴ϣͦģȻô㵹ְͦġ
չֽչСĿȾ
𣿡
˵ͷߵչСǰЦŵܻоʹҪס
֪ҪõʲôҪʲô׼ˣչСʮּᶨ˵
͵˵ͷкȻĥѣǳҲؽһ
ͣ
һӾͽ˽ȥٶȿĲ˼飬˸ûпôģҪ֪ǿ밡Ȼ׵ľͲȥˡ
ס
˵һ䣬ֻǸһ̣Ȼ΢ţͱ쳹𺳣Ҳ̫˼ˡ
Ǹ𶯣ٶԽԽ죬չС˲䰵һɾʹϮģҧʱá
ͬʱҲ˫Ǹ÷룬һʮַֹΣֻǲʱ䣬ͷ󺹣Ȼʩչ뷨ĸҲᡣ
ʱţ಻ǳչСҧʹԽԽҧͷץһҧȥ
˿̣˶ˣֻϺ£ԽԽ԰ףǰֽƵģ˺ľĲѡ


085 վ

صÿ˶𾪣˿̣ɫԽ԰ףʩչ뷨ķ̫ľ񣬴Ԫǽ쿴չСԼһչĵܵܣʩչ뷨
ң뷨ǺͽղһõģӵЧʩչ󣬶˵Ҳ˺ҪԳֽղ㣬ʵǿ󣬿ʩչʮϢ󶼼ֲס
û°ɣ
չĵʵǵǣϾ˿̵ܲãɫ԰ףֱѪɫƵġ
ʱչ˺չĸҲڣҪ˵ʲôУʻصһԼĶӣһǼĶˣأǶ֪ôˣ
ˣ
ȻǸ÷һ̣չСȣ˲ѣĺպƵģ棬ϸֳһΪľս

չն̲סŮӣƽʱʲôĶˣڣչСȣһ䶯ƵģǸӣ˲͵ɴ۾
չ˺չĸҲͫȻܶ棬ǰ龰ǵһμʲôҲ̫˼ˣ뷨
˿̣չСȴʹֱۣͷҧˣѪ˿Ȼ˵˿̷ǳʹ࣬ҲһСӺҧڼ֣
ڣڿ쵽߰ʮϢǸͣһӳ˿̵˶ʪ͸ˣˮ̳Ƶġ
ҪΪͻƣʩչ뷨ȻҲǵһʩչӵСĺͽ̶̼ʮϢ˼ָ꣬оûоˣԶ޷ᵽ
ô
չ˹Ҫܵܣȥ֪ôˣ˿̲֪Ϊʲô˶ĵĺܣֵģѾ֮䡣
Ŀ΢΢һ˿ղʩչ뷨ĺˣ˿ʩϣֻȽһҪԱһһ£һӾ͵ȥˡ
û£ֻЩˣЦҡҡͷûʩϣΪչСȶоҲֻǴͨһȶѡ
ܵܣ
С
ʱչСҲҧ֣Ҫ𣬼˵ĵľչСΪĵƴҡ𣿡
Ⱥˣ
˵ͷµ˲䣬չС۵̸ľϲˣԼȺˣ
ǣôоȻסˣղűʹһһδϯȫʹûиеʲô˿̣Լȣӣ΢΢һЦһܿ͸оˣ
չС֮û̸оΪ뷨ڴͨȾʱµĺ֢Ҳû£һͺˡ
ܿ죬չСĸоˡ
㣬ҸоˣҸоˣչС˵ĺǸӣһͯõİƵģ۾ﶼǿĵЦ⡣
𣿡չʵ
ģģ㣬ҪԼȣչС̫ˣһ죬Լϣվˣ´˿ȻЩʹǳǣҪԣ˫̤ڴϵĸоʮꡣ
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չܲܵܵ飬չСҽ̤ڵذϣȫڽŰʱͻȻһᡣ
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ƴлл
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¶ϣĿ⡣
չվ˳˿챬ըƵģǱϲøģ˿ԼӵĻ˵Сҿ㶼ôˣҪȾ͵ɣ
û£ܼ֣ǲ֪СܼܲˣЦ
ܣչС̵һ죬ʮˣٴĿҲܳԡ
ȻĻǿʼɣʹʹȻչС֣Ҳ׼̸룬˿̣չСѾ׼ˣͷ͵Լǰһҧȥ
һȥ
ٴ
ٴջʱһӾˤˣ˿̣չСʹ˹ȥ˾չշ£Ŭĵ׼ˮǣ
úãƴһ£Ͼչĸ̵ȻܹԼڵôˣǣҲܲģϾԼһӵĶˡ
ܿ죬ˮͶ˹
ڴڵĺţȹһ󣬲Ÿо࣬˵ǿվߵǰΪչС˰İɣû£ܿͻѹ
ȻһʱչС۾ǳͣȴо˵ιˮټӵΣ
ȥã
˿˵ĻͬʥּƵģչĸ߻˳ܿ죬ֶһˮιԼĶӺ¡
裬Һˣ
ȻչС˵ϲһ˵չĸĻһ̣һƵģؿչĸҲۿʪ󣬽ıԼĶӡ
ĿһĻзǳ̾
ҵȥɣ
Աߵ˵һ䣬ĵ˵ͷٴȷʵʣ˳ȥɳܿ죬չչ˾˳
СлĻҾͲ˵ˣԺҪʲôµĻ㾡֪ͨһ浽չ˵ûһ̱ˣӵȾһĲ죬ں˰
Сʵ̫ˣٺһҪȺãҪչ˵״ˣ˵ۿʪˡ
ô˵չҲûֹȷʵǷǳ˵һ죬ҶƹڵܵܵҲˣֱϲóġ
ȥ¾Ʋˣ
˵ţչܽ˳һ㶣û뵽Ůɶ࿴һۣʱ˿̣չ˶Ǽֱû˵ˡ
̺ô꣬˻۽𾦣ڵһۼʱ͸о˺ܲһ㣬Ȼǿʵ𺳣ڵˣ඼Ǵǽ״̬ڴĶҲѱھˡ
ȴ̳Ȼô˵ͽǼ±ڴ仨ˮˣпܰ
ڣչʾǷҽ͸ˣС˵Ļ˵Ǿҽ˫ްؼǣϲû˿İº˵ǳзִ磬Ҳǵһμ
ҪԼŮжð
˵ʵչѾҪûյĻܶҪչú˵˵ˣϾкҪǷˣǻȥҰ


086 һ˯
˿̵չˣԽԽϲ۹ⶼˣЩ֪ﵽЩʲôأôԼְðɣһ񺮡
ඣ
ûãչͶ̲˹ò˵չĳ治ԶԶŵһζչˣһ̦˿һཷȻƽƽļҳˣյˡ
չ˷ŵϺ󣬾Цԣȥˣ
ˣЩ͹ˣæ˵ʵڲϾչ֮ǰͳһ٣˺ֺչ˺һ٣ڣԲȥˣֻȥϢ
չ˴˿̺ܸˣ۾Ŀ֮ɫôβסҲչ˵ӣϼ
չЦ쾡ţҰֺúúϼ˵¶ˣ
ѵøˣҲͲƸ׵ľˣϾƽʱʱչҪȾƣҪŮͬ⣬ЩЦڲǰչ˶ˣٺȣľҪ״ˡ
Ȼչûг֮ǰչ˼ƺһӾ͵ɳϣʡ£Цҡҡͷ
չԼϰӣź࣬ò˵չ˵ľƷܺãûд󳳴֣˾˯ˣչЦһԼ˳Ҳæչ̧ҡ
裬ȥչ˵ܵܰɣｻҾˣչͻȻһЦչĸҲûҲ͵˵ͷչСȷʵҪչˣչˣҲû̫ģ˾ˣͻ˯ᳳҲ£Ʒĺܺá
Сţ棬ҪµĻܽңҲŰ˵࣬ڵ磬չĸûȥϢϾ˯ĺٺ٣ʮ֮ǰϢͺܲˡ
չĸ˵һ󣬾뿪˿صչСңЩ꣬չС󲿷ֶչ˵ģӣΪۣ涼Ҫչ˵
չĸ뿪ͶչղһҪϴ裡

չһ£Щ΢죬СĵУȥϴˮ˵꣬ԡңЩ˵⻰˼ЩϴԡƷϾǱ˵ļңɲ˼ҵ޽ϴɣ
Աߣڿŵӣⲻʱһ뵽չ˵ĻľҪôԼԼôأһʱ䣬顣
ôˣջ겻ӣ΢΢һ㶣ʵȻһ֪˵Щʲôֻĵûô
ҡҡͷѾͷЩˣ͵ҪȥϴɣȻϴ
ǳƽĻնζͲһˣڴϿϴƵģհһһʱߺӾЩ֣ʵôˣǲ岻
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ջæվٴˣҪٴŵĻ֪Լôˣ
ҲƵߣεҡҡͷҲ֪Ůӵôˣ˿ֻ̿һڣٸԼһƣȻչĲˣһ߳Ժһ߿ŵӡ
Ҳûʲô²ǡ
ܿ죬չ˳һƨԱ£ЦôĲ˺ó԰ɣ˵չһصصĳԻԣһԣĳǼġ
Ҳ͵˵ͷ
չùһձӣԼ˰뱭ƣ˵ڱʳʱҲ˺ܶƣҪٷҩĻȸ࣬ʹˣҲһŮܱȵ˵ġ
ҿ㻹Ǳˣ˵ɲŮˣҪĻô죬˵סҪأ
ʵϣҲûʲôչļңһĸĸһ䣬һ䣬չСһ䣬һͷ϶ҪסڿͷˣգȻҪĹסһ
չҡҡͷЦŶеıӣ£ллˣôһңһκҵܵܵȣʵҲ֪˵ʲôˣҪɣ
£һ¡
չһЦأʹԸһԸأˣⱭҾ㣬ȸ˰˵꣬һˡ

Ҳ̫һ㣬Ҳûж˵ʲôҲһڽ뱭ƹȥ͵ˣҲˣϴˮź𣿡
ϴأչЦ
ҡͷȻչվˣȥҼ˯£ҼҿûֳɵİֻҰֵģ;ͻŴɣ
У˺㣬ʲôУ˵ͷ
һյʱȥվʹԡ˳չ˯ֺۣ֣ܿ߳͵͵һۣ˿ͷʪģˮܽص̬ʱһ㶡
ӣһϲǺϲԼģľĺˣϽչҡ
ܿ죬չҲ˳źϴˮ󣬾ͽ˹ȥ˯ѾҺˣȥϴɣ
˵ͷ߽ԡңغź·ȻԡֻоȫůģڸչСʩʱȥ̫ľ񣬴˿̱ˮţֻƵġ
Ҫ𣿡չĹ뷿յԴСʵҪԭӣǾģǣչ£Ҳ
չЦȻҪˣȻĻλᣬ´ξ͸ˣѵ뽫ã͸ꣿ
ǡǡ
ʲôˣֲҪ飬ҲһƷ᲻㶯ֶţչЦе˵ǸħƵġ
ճһ£ǵҪķˣô죿
ȻǺðඣĻͿԳһ𣡡չЦĵ
ҡҡͷҡһû׼ãһŮĶҲͳȥˣҡڱ˵ļ
չ̾һȻĻ¾˰ɣס

չôһ˵ٴԥҡҺúһ¡
Ϳ룬ܿͻģչ̾һ֪ôģûɵЩʧ䡣
գȻ̧Դ¶ᶨɫҾˣȥ
ģ
ĵ˵ͷǸˣѾӡĵ׺ˣһӶˣҪĸԼԼҲĸԸ
յͷ֪ôģչͻȻޣҲ֪ԼôˣôôܣʧȥҪĶһ㡣


087 ͬ
ԡʱ򣬴һ˯ۣЩչǱȽ˶֣ͱȽݣ˯žͲʡ
Ǻǣˣ
ɳϵչЦ˯һֱ¹Ұûдµģ
һ㶣û뵽չ˵仰һЦ·Щ֮㣬ֻҪܴС
أʵ
չصһЦѾϢˣ
У͵˵ͷҲЩˣҾȥϢˣĸ˵һ°ɣҾͲȥˣ
УչЦţͻȻ뵽ʲô˵ǼͷĵƻˣһֱûޣȥʱҪСһ㣬ñˣУѾ̺ˣ±´
˵ͷ
û뵽Ůͦչ˵ģһչˣ˭ҪȢ»Ҹģˣ㿴ӣҾȥϢˣ
ΪչСʩ룬ȥܶྫȷʵǳˣûڿﶺǼͷתʱչһЦϷҪˣҲ֪ջ᲻£
Ӧòɣ
չЩȷ֪ôģЩİ߱һ㣬ŵܵűߡ
ʱ߽ȥҲ˳ֽŸˣϾ˼ҼɲԼң֮ˣȻǳڰ»ܸоġ
ߵߣ˳־ͰѱһȻȥǸµ˲䣬Ȼһһֻ˲̽һӾץסһ˵Ĳӡ
ȿȣǡҡյȻ˹
һôյɿ֣Ȼڴŵģջ˭ǣӦչķﰡô䷿Ĵء
Щϸ룬Ͻʵû°ɣڸղֲ̫أȻĽո˵ˣǿɾû˵ˡ
ҡû£տ˼˵
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ڰ£ղ̧ͷС˵˵˯Ҿ͹ˣŵģ㡭ôҲˣ
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˿վڴߣĻһô£ѵչ˯һŴôУϾջҪǴȥˣ˻ô룬ҲӦˣѡΪԼŮѣܲ˵㻰ɣʲôˣ
ҳȥ˯ɳ˵
ҪߣʶĿڣԼ˵ʲôĸϼƵģæ͵ô䣬Ҫ˯ɳϣģҪҪ˯ɣ
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СĵʵҲûʲôģⴲô󣬹˯ˣҪȥ㣬ҿܻҪɣ
ҲǸ˼
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ûжıӰС˵
һ㶣ȷʵ˵ûûбӰѵҪڿ˯һϣһ£ߵǰƿȴǷѾϨ˵ƣչѾȥ˯ˡ
ֻÿЦ
ʱչҲڲԶ飬ȻˣǿɾǰˣſվһչѾȥϢˣҲȥ˼ңѵҪͬ
飬Ҳ֪ôģﾹȻе㼤Ҫǵȥˡ
ѵҲһɫˣ
Щ˿˹ôˣϢɣҲģ컹Ҫأ
Ļ֪˵ʲôˣʱȷʵǳƣˣֻúϢˣԼֲú˯һˡ
һ룬ƺҲſˣһħӣЩ£࣬ŵնԸˣҲûʲô˵ˡ
˰
ӣɵ˴ϣСļ壬ʱоһһʱ䣬ľȻЩ
ӷ𣡡
Ͻһںţѹϱӣͱ۾Ǳӱ߲ʱƮһʱ侹Ȼ˯ˡ
ʱҲͣôǵһκһкͬǴûе£ῴԼ᲻ΪԼһŮӣһʱ䣬顣
˶û˵žķԽԽصĺʹ
һֱֽӲƣΪԼһܾҪˣ


088 Ͳһ
һŮ˯һŴϣѪյ˵һĥĽղ񹦾ĹŮŷǳĵֿЩ־ᶨŮɫѳˡ
˿̣վ˯ߣǵıǼ⣬ѪҺڣٵˡ
ȥУһħģѾ˾ϣҪ뿪Ǿһ̣һֻȻ˹סյ𣺡㡭Ҫȥ
ȥﰡи̣ǵҿڸҪȵˮ
ҡҲˣС˵
һ£˵꣬˴棬һ裬ԼһȻֵһֻصԼķ䡣
ˮˣ
Сĵߵյǰˮ˹ȥս΢Ĺ⣬СĵĽˮ˹ȥڴڵĺ˺󣬿վڴߣɵ㡭ôȥ˯
֪˵ʲôˣСδ̫ˣȻԼѵԼ𣬲ҲȻˣСϲԼѾ׼˰ɣ
˵˿̵ѾʮˣΪֹ֮ͯһΪ䣬һ棬Ҳ뽫ԼĵһνԼϲˡ
˵ʵգҲʮĶϾһĲ񻰵ŮԼأܹ˯һŴϣͱʾŮľġ
һ룬Ҳף϶ģӦչģһĻ̾һһʱҲ֪ôźˣһ£ֻصһߣ˯
ٴڴϣԱ߻һŮ֪ǶԻǴˣϾѾŵˣҪ̲סոˣǳʲôӡ
ơ
ʲô£
ûû£
ְŬԼҪ룬ԼͷԽհף֪̫˰ɣȻ˯ȥˡ
ơ
ڰУպһûеõĻӦߴĺƽȵĺּᶼˣѵԼľôһ뷨ûУںڰУĬĬˮ
ʱ佥š
Сʱ˹һѣгһ㶣Ӧû뵽ԼȻ˯ˣҲǣΪչСʩ룬ȥ̫ľ
ԱŮڿľһ֪̾˵ʲôǺˣ˵ʵôһƯŮϲԼʮֿĵģΰãɽΤصСӣҪĶԺô˵
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ǳһͣͲһСļ˶Է壬˿մչ˯£һоһ

̲סһû뵽ȻѹˣԼʱ̲סһ£ҪתȥʱҲת
ȻںڰУǳģ˺廹Ǵ˹һ̣֮䣬ĵģһҶ
գףǡ׼˵ЩʲôշͷǣһֻС־Ȼһ˹ס졣
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ٴɿ󣬶ڵĴ
˵ĶȻǺָоζȴ˳ԣ
˿ҲѪڣ˺Ƶģվһ飬ֻ뿿Լú
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Ҵ˿ҲڴˣԼ˫յ˯ȥһ˫ֻյıϸ壬ǸһƵģָоĺϵ̫ˣ˳ԡ
Լַյظϣϱ任״νǹҲϽԼ·Ҳ֪ԼôˣƲסԼˡ
ѹϵʱȻһ֪ΪκһҪ
֣һƵģȻԺըһӾֹͣԼĶʶԼʲôʱһʱ䣬һ亹Լôˣô㶨ûˣȻһҪĳգǻ֪ᷢʲôأ
ӣ񡭡Ҳ˰ɣ
һ˸ĶˣһһŮӵףȻ١ԼȻûͻһ˵Ѿһˡ
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Щį˵ʱˮٴǳڣҪԼ󺰳֣һжˮˣǡ鲻ӦӰ
ȻǳǳϲǲԼ彻ϾĸŮԼĵһ룬Ǿˣҡڱ˵ļ
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ǹãյֶˣûʲôսһչ˵кǸʱӦòǺܳģôûгأ
ˣ㲻ˣֶŪʹ˰ɣûµģЦҡҡͷһڣôƯŮΪԼôѾˡ
ڤڤжȻΪʲôԼ˻Ŵأ
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ĻЦôУˣϢɣ˵һжҲãҪ㣬Ͳôˣ
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оŮֱһ̾ϽղǸ㿪Цģһξ͹ˣôôأҲá

ոæǡԸģֻҪϲҡһԵġ
ˣĲˣæô˵ΣһŮԼܸҸ
ҪǽͻˣǲһģΪôһŮӦһõкԼΪһע˲į̫Ҫ·;Σգʱ
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ץסǼվͺˣԼôԽԽˣڼ飬ԼⷬôῴԼΪԼһŮ
Ȼ˵˺ö໰һ̣ջǲЩ˿̣ҲյĶС˵һ䣬հһС
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ʵϣնܺãһǺõĲ˵֣ҪûͶͱ£϶ѡˡ
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˵ѾˣҲͷŮҪĺͱһˣ϶ǲģ˵ᷢ裬ԣǲġ
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̾һû취û뵽ԷȻҵԼͺˣҲͲˣҿԲ𣿡Сĵʵ
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չűĺù̧ۣͷԼҲ֪˵ʲôˣⲻԼļƻѵĳҵ찡


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097 ı䣡
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һ˵𶯣ĿһʱȻѩ˵ĳӣ⣬Լա
ӳ⣬ôῴ桭Գʱ˳ǰѩɨȥǰǰһ飬ͫȻһһȻϵѩɲǼ类εţƮԶ
СӡһĻۣ֮ʱҵ𶯣ֻǻƼ۷ΪΪ֮ɱ˿ֳ̱ǱĿ
ں½̣ӣЩУߣУĿһжͷ
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뵽Ķ飬չ˵Żʱ֪ΪΣϵһĻ˶УĿʱһ˿˿ϲ뿪ģЩ֪֪ǣ
СӣϷҪʱأͻȻڣɲ뽫ʱΪؼ֣󲿷ֵʱ䶼֮У߳ץֱһԴӦսԺ½̵ĶĿ˵˺߹޷ȷ
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ʶ߹ôʱԵģվʱԣӽԺǰԼϽԼվ۷壬ΪƸΪ꣬Լ


098 ֮壡
ı䣬һ
˵ΪҲֻǻƼ۷徳磬Ĵ󼶱У²㣬һУ˵ٮٮߣ߳ôΨ־ܵķݡ
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֮У˵ɱһˣһֻûʲôӵǿڹ֮⣬ûʲôסǣͬĸ֡
Ǵߣڣǰӣֻרŵ¡ݣԻύˣȻǡ
ǹˣ飬ֱǴڴӣ˿Ѿûȥ飬ΪҪкܶȥ
ˣȥɣ
תʱЦſڣչƯŮйŮĿչҲ΢٣һ̣֪ΪΣĿ⣬ȻѪҺȻ
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Ŀһ䣬һΣɲչǰչһ㶼䣬Ȼ̧ץסչѩ׵󣬾չҪĿҲ΢΢һʱȻЦ
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죬չ٣Ҳû뵽ǰߣ˵Լʲô֮ҪԼΪͽĻΪš
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ϾѰܵ˼ͽ£˭˵壬


099 ɢ
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ʦôãٸһƿɢɣ컹ڳδЩʱ龰أչһ仰ʱק˵˲伱٣ͫչ㻹Ҫʲôһƿ㹻ˣ
ʦһҪһƿչǷģʱһֻ˶ˣӵеĸо
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ʦ̫ˣֱϲˣչЦſڡ
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ˣֻҪģϷҵҲˣ̧֣СԴչ̧ͷգˮĴ۾Цӣһһ֮䣬ϵʱ׽˲١
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вУոæܾôصĶҪЩţԺãŰɣ
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˿̣չȻһƿΪصɢ͸Ҳ֪ùûа׽ʱԼ
쿴һĻ˵ͷӵٴ˽⣬˿̵ǵûʹ֮Уӿģһů⣬յ˼ͽһ¡
Ů޶°ɣɢҲãȻΪ󣬵ϷҲС֮ˣ㾡ţһ˦䣬Цſڡ
ĻﴫʱչҲڣǰս㣬ǲ˵иͬͬôõĶҵȻҪһඣŰɣҿʦﻹкܶء


100 ̸
չһ仰ʮɢóƿȻ٣ղأмƿ
ɢҲϡȱ֮Ϊ֮̤֮ˣ۳УӶ̤Ƽڣ̤֮·
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⳵ϣں棬ڸʻϣһϳĿ֪Щʲôϣ
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ǣյĿڡ
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˾ˣùãȻӨӨľϲ֮ɲǻصһɳһֵֻС㣬˹
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ǣҲ򲻹˼ҰȻҲЩֶΣԼСëʱ򣬻ĶԷ仨ˮЩˣ֪ԼС
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ʱǸү˱³֣ɱ糱öˣû˱װƲ˵ķݣھ۵ԼͷЦ


103 ɣ
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Ҫ첻Źô죬ˣɲûأ


104 Լͣ
ʵԼ֣٣ֺܺĸģûмԼĸĸǳ԰ټҷġ
ǵʱԼֵۣԴǸʱͶԼģԼһһҪϺõȷʵһѩ죬һҪؤȻˡ
ǰǸؤݸһ飬ǰΪС飬ΪһЩʽ֪ôģʱ飬ûнǱСԺ
һֱڶʮǰСгɾͣСȻһʵɱԽʲôģǲɵģҲɣҲһѩ죬ĸףʱԷڱ׷ɱҲˣԣپ;
Դˣһֱļĸ׶ҲΪʳµȷʵҲǳܣڰУƾһʵҲĸߴذںڵɽ
ȻҲ˳µĳΪʦ𣬽򣬿СܹˣԸֿӣԸͲȥҲûа취ֻѵߵЩڡ
ЩΪҾãγһְԸҲȰ˵ôһ仰ʦ㶼ôˣǻʲô
ǰǻʲô
ԣԺˡɡĳƺţҲӵݳңҲҲһֱڡ
ϣ͵ӹɽѩģϾڼҲʵᷳˣ·ϻŮǻӲ
ǣҲͬڽ죬˶ǡħͷ˭ҪǵǣģپޱȺڣԼƽʱôţΪ޵ˣ˸ˣô죿
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͹٣ľƣԱ˹ﶼǺΪҲһǳҪǽܻųȥһһٻˣôͻὫŭҲ˵
ѾˣҪܹĻߣٴˣȻĻԼ׾ûˣԼĻǷǳƯġ
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Ҳûа취˭Լ򲻹˼أҪǴùĻǾһ־ˣԣֻģһϣǸǰܹŹǲ
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һ£һҧȻ̧֣ݺݵԼͣžžڴ쳹ѣĬĬĿţû˸˵
ȻǰʱǷǳڲ֪ΪΣǵͬϾǿⶼǳ£ȻҲˣ󲿷Σһߵġ
һʮԼ߿ԼͣҲв̣Ǻܿ죬ĿΪ۵һĨԹԹȻĳЩˣĳЩˣҪôԼ죬ҪôǴ˿̴ÿͣҪôǡꡣ
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105 ϷҪɢ
ɲ֪ԼԼٸӣûзҲͲͣ£һֱţԽˣеԹԽصĺܺá
ʦԼԼֱͣ£ӳʦǿˣûܹսʤֱӵԸ񣬵û뵽Լʦȴôҡ
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һֱ˺ܳʱ䣬ɶоԼˣһ̣Ҳ˿־壬ѵλǰˣҪԼ뵽ľս
Ȼڵǿߣ̽ʱ͸оԷΪ޵׶Ƶģ⼫ˣʵǰҲûа취ֻˣڣ۵Թ֮ɫҲûˣֻ뾡뿪һҲٻˡ
Ӱ
˿һĻҲľսϾֵ̫ǿˣͽĿеӢ˾룬ΪǿӢۣؿġ
ˣ
ڣ˵һۣûʲô˵ģҲͶ˵ԺôŰˣ
ͷҲȷʵˣ˾Ƕħרģ˵ʦͽǺǮ𣬾ͽ˵ķǮסǮ˰ɣ
ٴεͷЩǮȻʲôջУٴ˵ǵĵôҳԵĺܲģԣҪǸ
ɵͷȻһһ˵ǸͲһõĴүȻЩϵǸôԸ⡣
Ҳڣɿ鲻Ըӣ̲סƿڴǺݺһţҪΪ꣬Լô𣬵ڣϻûκθоŻһ̾ͱˡ
ʦ쭣Ҳٶ˵ʲôֻһһ˵ǸҲ˵ʲôϾҲûʲôˣ˵ܹѻǮסﻹϲ̵ģΪԼռıˣ˾ԱٴνһӲˣԵĺò֡
Ǹɾ˹Сʵǰǿ𣿡Ϳ죬Ͼɺµ죬ֲֻ췢ˣɲŸߡ
쿴һֺۣһھƣҰҰ죬ҿͦǮģ
⻰һ˵ͿһɫЩ仯аѵλǰǰǮˣһ£˵ǰҵǮҲǺֻܴڣ
͵һڻ࣬ǻˣﰵ̾ʵЩҲûǮϾƾʵߴأ˺ڵڽɽÿĹǿɾǧ˵ֻҪʵڣһеӣǮЩ˵Ǻ׵ġ
Цһ
Ϲһ£Сĵǰҡڡ
˵ıȽСȴˣҲû뵽ԼʦȻôǮЩԼɵĻѣҲЩ۵Ļš
óɣ쵭ڡ
ɾһԵǰ̫ˣſھͽһӵĻˣԺôϾǿڰһС֣Ҫóǻǵڸ⡣
ôԸ⣿쿴һۡ
ɾһ۹ɾðΪо˿ԼƵģȫֻͷڻһóһſſƽʱأû뵽ȴó
ǰſڣţһȥٽǮſϣɶ߶ţûа취ڱ˵Уֻ׸˵ֻҪԼţǮǺֻܿصԼĿڴԣȻۣҲֻϣǮˣ˿ͱ롣
ɣ͵˵ͷ
ǰˣҪǰʲôµĻܷԸɱһ䣬֪˵һ仰һҪ鷳㣬ɣ
ɼֱˣô˵İҲҶ˵뿪ˣҲϽ·գҲֻʣһˡ
վţûĻǲŵģӣҲͦͬģ˵Ҫһһ
ɾͿ졣
˵ҪĻɣ˵꣬Լվ˫֣˵ҪȥϢˡȻ뿪ˡ
ûߣɼˣʱһڳޱ飬Ϊһ仯
һӣûʲôµģҲһЩϢǸǰʲôˣôͻȻͳأ
Сѣҽһ£ҽ٣ûĹգù̳Լһں󣬾ͳʵ
ҽ
֣ɷţȻʵСֵܣ֪λǰ£һ¾ʲôϵڶǣǲɣ
û˵ɾ͸оëëģ֪ʲô˼ЦϢҪһЩģ
֣ɰһִֻӻһſݵ˵Сֵܣſһǧҵ㻨Ǯˣһ
̫Ǯˣ־һǧ򣬼ֱǮһ£Ȼ̰ǮǮðײã
ɾһʵСֵܴͽ̣
˸վ˵ЩˣԼȰɣȥˣ˵꣬뿪ˣ˰죬һҲݣ
ȻȥһǧһɶҪѪҲû£ƵĺžƣͻȻһվλǰͿϣ֣þˮдġ
½̣
ڿֵ˲䣬ɾ͵ɴ۾ŴͣͷĳģһΪ֪ɣרŸɵɱ˵Ĺųһ亹Լظգûг׵ˣȻԼ֪ôġ
ģ̫ˣôǵأԺͲˣĳ嶯ʵھñԼƣúõӲɽʲôѩºˣҲڽԼͳȥˡ
Ͼ½̿ɲôǵģϵѪեɣôŹ㣬һ̣ɶһ·ĳ嶯ǽ嶯ѹΪ֪Լܲˡ


106 ѩˣ
ϿջĴλǰ˺ܾãճ̾һԼԼĲӣҲͲߣһھƣǾ̳ӵǽϣžһ죬̳;ˮŽĵǡ
Ϊղɱֳƣû˸ҹҲû˴ɨɸӵƣϻûʧġ½̡
ȻѲˣôҪ˼ôԼȡ棬λǰȡԼҪĶ
Щ꣬ȨɫǮ󲿷ܹˣҲ͸ˣԭǳңڣΪûˣǽ죬ˡ
ԣ뿪ʼУҪһԴ̤ںһֱȲǰƿǰû˸̸е飬һͱû
Ϊǰ£һǳĲأ
뵽͸ԱӲ˳ˣٸһԱͷǣȥɾ´ŴĲá
ĿⶼҸײΪǿһˣҲֻǸƵסܵġ
ߣһܿ죬һ˾ͶԼôӣҲоԼˣԾʹس
֨ѽһűƿѩ˽
˻ͷſڣһʱŴͣΪ߽ˣһһ٣һϸˣһһŮ
ŮľˣⱲӼƯŮˣһЩŮҲò̾Ҫ˵ĻҲϲŮӵģΪ̫ˣĶǡ
ɫţп㣬һѩ׵޷һͷī㷢βһЩѩ忴ȥŮŮ
ڼŮʱɵҾͶһ£ƯŮӣֻ뽫ڻУúһˮ
ţᣬȻ˼ңŮǰƵģΪ˾ˡ
ȿȣɶʱһЩΣŮǰȻвѻĸоǰһȥк̽̽ŮĿڷ磬Ҫһ˵ĻҪ취ŮһŮŪϴ£Ҳ֪ٴˡ
ˣҲⷽĸ֣ԾЦʵ㳤̫ʶһˣԾеʧ񣬺Ǻǣ
𣬿Ҹղô۾̹ⰡŮЦɸɿһŮһԷҲǸոģҲԲ꣬Ҫһ԰ɣ
ۣôóԵİŮϵĲˣ¶ϲɫϹ־Ц룬Ůϸ˾ӳ
һĻ˾Щ̾ЩʧôŮŮƵģôͺһԷء
ô䣬ҪȱůůӰɣЦ˵Ůʱ΢۾ҪŮ˾ƣôԼа취ôʱЦ
˼ɫӦԼã
ɵĻŮգգۣЦ˵ð˵ţ͸Լһƣһڣʱ䣬̧֣ԼӣСţӣɾ͹Ц
ŮаûĻҲûʲôʵԼģֻϣǸǰҪҪԼĺ¡
ôɣЦţһ裬󣬾ŮǰŮ̽ӹһڣžһ㣬ʱҲû뿪һ˫ϣŮ÷ǳ˵һЩȽĻЩ֪ԼѾ˵˶ٱˡ
ûأЦʵŮգգۣû˵ɲ֪ʲô˼Ҫ˵Ȼɫһ䣬ؿڣһǳϸ΢룬࣬Ŵͣ˲伱١
ѽôˣŮǵĵɫɷסŴͣȴ˵ɴ۾ĿǰŮԭΪŪϴŮȴû뵽Լ͵˵
ãҽһ£ҽɶŮ¶Цݣɷλϣһ£
ѽ壬ôأŮЦĿʱһϵĲˣ·λϸˣȥѩ˸ܵһ⡣


107 ˭
ˡ
ĺͫ׵ɵĴģһֱſһԱ߹ʱֵģջˣ˶£һԱǻŻŵܵķǰš
õϢҲһ㶣ˣ߳˷䣬¥£Ϳɾڵϣɴ۾Ŀ
Ա߿ţʱ򣬿ջҲòϾջˣǿԴģ˿̣˶뵽ǸӵŮǸŮɱǰɡ
ԱҲһ£һСʱ˹ƺǵõϢֻǼ򵥵ѯһ£㽫ɵʬ˻ȥ
£ص¥ϣһ£췿ţһƿţͿŲ裬򿪣ѩ˽䡣
˿˫֣վڴǰƺڿѩߵԱߣ˵ˣ
֪ͷһ㶣ô֪ûгȥƺ룬ͻشҿˣ
㿴ʲôˣ
˫֣һƬƬѩϣȴûڻĿ⿴ڵҹգƺܿԶٴʳڵʱſ˵ҿһʢĻ
Щ˵Ļʲô˼˵ߵ輸ԣһ裬󣬾ͻصԼķ䣬ҪϴϢͻȻڴϷһ
һſƬҲ֪ʲôʱֵģɲѵ˳Լȥʱķ䣬ĬãƬͿһЦСǳɰԱߣһС֣²˭
иеֲɣôµ˭ſƬ͸ش棬վãҲ֪Щʲô
ڶ糿̫䣬˯һţڴӴ𣬿һ㶣ΪĴߣֶһſƬ
иӵҪ˽Ȼ֪ųһ亹ǸҪɱ϶ûзأ֪˯оͱɱˡ
ƬͿһС֣˯øƵģ²˭
ҡҡͷ֪˭ʱֱˣȥţվ棬ޱ飬Էͱ¥
ЦЦʰöҲ¥Ϻͽͣͺܿ㱻Ա˳Ժú󣬱׼ɽ
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߰ɣ
쿴һۣͽŲһʼɽ̳ƣĺ棬ߵС·رĴѩ죬Ǿ͸ûˡ
ǣ˰ɽʱֻһбѩϣҫʯͷѻģ²˭
˵Ǳ˶ˣ
ˣҲпܾɱɵˣ˵Ҳ֪ûж˵ʲô·
һֱɽҲûټ֣ȴǿһһŮʯϣ˫ȣЦӯӯĿ
ŮһѩƵģ崿ףգգۡ
͸еðһȻŮд¡²˭ǸŮˣҲڶÿͿеӣȴû뵽Һڵǡ
챳˫̧֣ͷ죬ûпŮƵġ
һ㶣뵽ϵĻһʢĻȻָŮˣ˭ΪʲôҪǣ
ҵǺܾˣŮЦ˵ƵģһҲİ
˭ʵ
˭Ҫ𣿡ŮգգۣĬƬ̣˵ͷ
ҽɶ
ɶ֣ܺò˵һǳƯŮľƵģһ£ʵɱɣ
ɶ˵ͷ˵ɱģǸ˸ֻɱһѣ
˵ŻʱɫǳƽҲò̾⵽һʲôŮȻɱ˵ɳԷȲǰ򵥣Ҳ֪ôġ
ʵΪʲôҪǣ
ɶЦȻʦҵǣȻô죬ҲŲԸأ
ʦ𣿡
Ͷһۣв²⣬ʵʦǡ߹𣿡
ɶ͵˵ͷ


108 ɽһھ
˲伱٣Ŀûȣһ˵еĺǰǰŮǺǰĵӣ𺳲ѡ
Ҳɶ࿴˶ԷһۣҲû뵽ǳƯŮȻǺ߹ĵӣǺ߹ûи˵һӰ
ǰ𣿡켤˵
ɶЦʦ˼£ǣܿͻģ
һ˵ͷʱɶȴߵԱߣ֣ģ֪Ҫʲôûпڣɶ˵ʦ˵ˣôģ
˵£֪Ǻ߹ĵӣϾǼ£Ҳֻͺ߹֪ҲͲɶ࿴һۡ
ɶһ£˵ûŮ
һЦоŮͦ˼һ뵽ɱɣЩ뷨Ȼ໵£ӦôƯŮԶ֣;жµûš
õĶƻһ㡣
ɶȻ֪ʲôڷΪΪԼƯ㶣̵̾ġ
ں߹Ѿü꣬ʱԼʦ˵£˵˵ģһǳˣ䶼ˣԼɫ£;ʦԹʵҲһͨ˶ѡ
εЦЦվһ࣬ʼնû˵Ѿȷʶ߹ˣҲЩ£õʱûƫֱִɱȻŭ˺߹һλ˴ڣ½̶Ҫҷ
ٿĿǰЩһϾк߹һֱӻ¶ߵģȻǰǰ֪һµĴڡ
뵽δֵܳĻ棬оЦѾ½̶Ҫùϵһ˾
Ǿǻȥ̽չغ½̣²ǽ䵱½̵ʥŮƾչĹϵô½̿¾ͲẦκζˣ˿̣뵽ɣһ
߰ɣҴǵȥɶۣۣ֮οΪġۡһǳİλãѩ䣬оͲһ
˲úɶͣ£ǰһʯ̨ʯ̨мʯգ˹ȥʯ̨һھ
⾮ԣһڴԣѻһЩľģ겼ţһѩЩ֣Ҳûʣֻϸһ顣
ͻȻھԣһϸߣϸ߲׷ȥɶֹʵʲô
ȻǺöˣɶһۣ֣ۣ֮һھְ֣ڳʮֲ⣬ѵҪ󷹳ԣûʲôϰ
ţߵʯ̨ǰ̳յӾƷʱɶʼץѩڹ׼æµ͹æɶһۣҲû˵ʲôҲͶ
챳˫վԶĿɽ£Ҳ֪ЩʲôҪվĶ棬ôܹ۾εļ
ɢ˺䣬Ⱥģʱľģܿ죬ˮҲɶܵߣĽǸϸ߸ק˳
оЩ֪ϸʲôʱĿҲ˹Ҳǳ棬ɫ䵹ҲǷǳƽ
ǵϸĩβֵʱһΪϸĩβһֻڼĶϣһֻֻµĶںģָô֪򼣬Ǵûмô򼣬һô
Ҳһ
ɶȴϲ̵ģֻϸϸĳЩ򼣬һһĶе˹ܿ죬ǹī֪ǰµöһֻֻڹ﷭
ܿ죬ɶͽ꣬Ȼнֻŵ˾תݺݵһۣӻ𣬶ˡ
ǣ͸Ͻľġ
浨󣡡Եһ䡣
ɶˣЦҸʦԱߣûѧӿˡҲ˵ͷ߹ʳ֪ģʱӷɽԽ룬³ԵĶǳֲͱ򼣬ղľսһСȴȥץͺܲһ㡣
ʲôʱںǰԵģôĵӣЦʵû˵߹չӣǰŮȴԳǶԷĵӣҲţȴЩ档
ˡɶ˵
ɫЩįʣɶȴʦңҵĶˣ
ô˵һ̾߹һŮҲֻһѡ
ҲûдĹ£ģûãɶͽ򼶼˳ǽĺˮ£ֱѩϣ͵˵ͷ
ɶ飬ͳһӣʼһƤȻ򼿴ΪںģȴףܺóԵӡ
Ͱ
һ˵Żһæµţϵ׽ӣ컹վԶҲ֪ڿʲôҲæ
Ƚ򼶼ƤɶֽЩˮһ飬ϸĵӣ;Ůǰ϶ӡ
ˣɶЦ
ͿԳˣ⣬˵ˣʲôûӣôܳԣɶһۣ֪ԣֲǸԵģ
һЩЦ֪ŮŪЩΪʦ׼ģҲҪ԰֪Ǳ߹еĶ϶ζɶ㿴ҶôæҲˣЩԵĸҰɣ
ɶĻһ£ֿ˿Щ⣬ͦģ뵽ղȷʵܶæ͵ͷðɣ˭һùأ
ԶԣŮȻǺùˣЦЩǹͿɶѩ˰ǣǳһڹӣ򿪺λΣһ
ǡ𣿡
ɶһۣ˵ͷû뵽ͦʶģȷʵͣʦרŵƳģߺߣпڸˣ
Ŀ˲ûȣ֪ͣãϼ㣬ϣҲֻк߹ǸʱԼȥõˣ˿ˮڽζڴ
ɶҲʮСģȹȺͽ͵˽ȥһԵ˲ڶǺţһı۾ԶҲ˼ڿֻƮƮɾ
ӣɶƲƲ졣


109 ߹ɮ
ըǳóԣ˺ܶ࣬Ҫɶֹꡣ
Զ챳˫֣ɽѩĺڹ
ûнȥȻȥһ֣һֵĽΪʳȥˣɶһڳԵġ
ʣµ⣬촽ָһ飬Ӻܶģɶһۣûа취ָը˼
ɶָը⣬һ£ȥһ̳յӾ˹Ŀ࣬ʱ˱ǣһߺҾһ߳⣬һܡ
˲
ʱԶһˬʵЦӰٱϢ㵽˽ǰһˣǺ߹һˣһƾĵɮ
ˣɫһ࣬εļ
Ǻǰ
֪Ǿǡܸоǰ緶䣬һˣҲû˿װˡ
죬ݼǰ
쳣˰ȥ߹һһۣ˵ͷʶˣ߹ƢһֱܺãУ̡ħ̵ˣ඼ʶ
þƣ⣬СһǰϷĶ˰߹Цһֱߵǰץһ̵ͷŵǰľ̳һץ˹ڡ
һĻе𶯡
߹֣ⷬȻԤʾĹϵãȻҲȥеľˣʮĽҪԼܺͺ߹꣬ԼͿԺˡ
ʱǸɮҲԼ֣еڣǺûѪƵģƤǣץһͷŵԸصȻҲһѽ߹ľ̳˹ȥڡ
Ц˫֣ȻȥӵǸɮɮһз۾ЦСһﲻǻΪ㣬ϽлӰҶˣ㿴ⲻǶһ𣡡
ɮΪ޳ʦֲؾ֣߶Ȼܿģ˿ĻоһůۿЩʪ
СһЩϼһﵣģ޳ʦЦһ䣬๾ž̳еľƣ֣ǲȾƵģֻ߳ź޹˼ɣȾƳ⣬ڼҳ㷹
ȭλǰˣ
ֻҪþͺã޳ʦ˵ͷļЦγҲûջɽϵ⵹ǿԴһˡ
ţһǰԺúȺã
ܸж޳ʦЩڷžרз𷨣ʱ˵󣬵ΪԼȴ˹жǼٵġ
߹һۣҪ͸ʵôõģ
Ҳ˵߹ЦħҲѣ㾡˵޷
ħۣ
֣ʱһΪ½̵ĸֶ̫ˣü٣ǵɴ۾ź߹Ϊ𺳵ʵǰħħ˼һڣ
ħѾʧʮˣһսУ˺أЩΪ˼Ҳˣǽû뵽߹Ȼ˵һ仰
߹˵ͷ
ʱһϽǣϢЩ˵̫ˣı֣̾ߡ
뿪󣬺߹Цڿ˵˰ɣ
ɶգգ۾ҲʮֺôģϾʦ˵Ѿˣǽ컹ģô
ǣͽԼڵµ˵һ顣
˵󣬺߹޳ʦվĬãǺ߹һʵ˵ģ
ͷ˸ۡ
߹һžͰ˳ȥſڵϣﶼѩ˼Щί߹ȴܼӣôõĶȻ͸ˣҲץТ
ֻ
ɶ⣬ʵʦ㵽ʲô㣬Ȼô
޳ʦһţ㣬ѵһû뵽Сһܳϼ˵䣬Ȼһοˮ
ɶ˫ĿŹ⣬㻹ǵǸط𣿡
߹̾һҲˣҪԵ
Ҳ㲻߹Ļ֪Ǹط˳߹֮̾أûиԵζģ
Ŵ͡
޳ʦһţҲǿƶģҪҵĻҲСһҲãȻҪκϵˣ֪Ҫ˷Ѷĵر
ЦЦ߹ղǸǺ½̵ĸ㲻Ǹ½гôһˣ
Цһ˵ԭɱҵģ
ң߹ɫһӾͽ鶼ᴩˣιҾȥǺ½һˡ
ҪĻ¶Ҫɵˣ߹ȥ̳ʲô£ҪǲѪĻ½̶Ҫ߹ˡ
ٺһЦǰȥ˺Ҳҷֵö߹Цһ䣬˿̼úõģҲͷˣͻ˽ղڶ㣬ǵ㣬ûʲôõĸо
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Ϊͺ߹Ѿߵ۷壬ǰû·ֻںҹֹ¶ĸоܲܣԶǱŮڣ˶˷ڴ


111 лţ
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ͬʱѩٴҪϴȥһг


115 ﲻˣ
·ϣѩƮ˲Уٶͦ죬˲񺣱ԵʱͿһС¶Цݡ
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Ц
ƾɶԸ£пԣһȥ˾ģĿײɶգգ۾һЦ


118 Ⱦ
극ɶԼСԻĴ£ʼسǡ
Сǣ˵϶ôҲмҴ̳볬УҲ
磬ܴôƯ·𣿡СԴһĿ
ȻˣǵСôƯӦôôÿ·Ц˵ԱЦŵ⼸·Ǽ
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˵ͷ֪ˣĸͷİɣʣµģҾȥϢ


119 ɽĺܲ
ȽʣµİƿƺŻȥϢһǺܴķ䣬Ǵȥģκĸ˵ˣ﷿ǣȰס˼飬ˡ
Ҳ˼ĹʲôطûסŶʲôģҲӰһû߹·ʶϣʱҲȱ˳̫ࡣ
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ֻһŴոµıӣʼϢЩȥҲЩˣοǶɽʱϹһӣ³˼Ѫʱ͸ƣĸо
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ϵƣͱ۾ڿʮ㣬ҲǾʱԭɽүסĵطӰ˿ѩš
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123 ȡ
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124 óԵİ
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125 Ҷ

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ƻʮ̳ȻСôϲǡϰЦǺǵ˵


126 Ҳ
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127 
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128 ˮĺ̵
ȻιֺǮҲ뵱ԩͷϰˡ
ӳ˼ųƱҪߡ
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֪˭ٸңŲţһ绰̾Сʧ
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һֱ׷ˮḷֻ́Ҫ׷ˮḷ́ˮϵôμҵĵλȻҲˮǴߣʱ򣬻пܾ֮λ
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ҪһҲҴŰɣԼЩڡ


130 أ
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ô꣬ˮȻԼһʶ֮ԽǴԽ𾪡
ῡУûһˣ˹ע
үү
ʱһȻ
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ͱ˰
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Ͼˮϵʵ̫ǿˣʰֻһ仰¶ѡ


135 һ꣬һ
һݡ
Ϊˮϵĵһ鴦Ķǳ٣Ͼһ˼һֱھŲǣԣһݡ
ǰ
ˮ΢ЦſǰˣһһŮˣɶ
ˮϵԱߣˮĺ̡
˵ҽܲˮֺǺǵЦ
һ㶣Ȼ
˶Լ飬˽ĺ
ʱ˿̣ҲףˣӲ򵥡
ǣǫЦҾѧһЩҽֵ˼ôޡ

ˮЦЦ˵ðСһҪ̫ǫ
үүҽˣʱˮĺԱ˵
Ȼǳء
Ϊһҽʮǿˡ
ǺǣˮЦЦ⿴ˮĺһۣϾˮḻ́ĸϣˣǿǲ
ǵĺѾСһ۷ôСһҲһˮϺǺЦ
˵ż䣬Լ֣ݵǰ
һ㶡
û뵽ǰˣȻôֱӡ
ҲûʲôµģЩ꣬治֪μ˵ǿߣܹƽһУҪǱˣˮϵʱ򣬻ﻹྴηΡΡôͲһ
Ϊˣվĸ߶Ȳһ
Ժˣľͻǳ̹Ȼƽȡ
ȻɶҲһ
ЩһжƽȿûԾηġ
Ǻã׳ˡЦţԼ֣Ϊ˰
ߣĿоһ
С꣬򵥰
Ϊһˣڣһ㣬ּһء
Լƽͣûκε벻
Ҫ֪ܸߵλãɵϣһ˸ͲҽӽΪһӽ˾ͻоһѹ˿촭
ǰС꣬˾ĽӽԼĿ⣬ʼնƽͺܲ򵥰ˮϵû뵽һСطȻһῡܡ
Сһ˵ɽЩϵ
ΪˮϰʱˮϵЦ
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ǺǣǲðˮϵһЦȻ˵
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137 ҽ̾Ϣ
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Ϊˮϻûȥעһˡ
١
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ˮϽãҲԸʹȻǰ˺ܺãĵȻĻôҲ˵һ䡣
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˵˵ݣУ⣬˵Ǿǳ֮
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΢΢һЦ˵˼ңһȥݷǰ
ţ
ˮĿһˮĺһۣϾؿԴӵ£֪ڣȻ֪ģôϢȻҲΪˮĺˡ
үүҸģ㲻ɣүүĿ˹ˮĺ˵۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ǺǣѾͷУξˣˣȻСһԸȥĻǾһȥˮϵ˵ͷ
ִʦؿԴҽһҽΪ˵ãҽҲΪǼˣʵҲнȥ˼һһٺúüһμ棬Ṉ̀أҽķչкô
˿ȻˣôȻҲ͵ͷǴӦ
үӣ룡Ц
У
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ʵˮϵ˹ʱݣѾˣϾˮϳȥǶһȺţˮϵİΣ֮ء


138 ڴ
߳ݣˮԼݣȻˮĺҲȥɶȴ׼ȥ
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ΪˮϵľīҪʱʱ̿ΪˮϿǣңˮϵݣûû
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ʲôֻҪ߾УɶҲû˵ʲô˾һܿ죬ͳˡ
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ˮĺ˵ǰ˵ĸ첲Ц˵үүϲ
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ˮЦЦЦ͸Ŵ飬˵ȷʵû뵽Сطȴǲôһͷ˲ð
Ȼ֪үүޱȣǴ˿ˮĺ̻̲סĵ׵ĲϾүүʲô˲֪ܹõүү˵ۣǴ˳ȥ£Ҫһ
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⻰˼ܲǰʱԼһ仰ܹıһ˵ˣһй켣
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Ŵ⣬мκһִҽǳҪôһ۷ڣܲ
ѪҺڡ
ڴڴʥҽһԵ


139 һɽһ
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һɽǰһ̫ߵϣ𴦵ɽͬ棬ֵûȥΪĹŵ뵭š
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Ϊĳ˵ͬһˡ
סˣʱ򣬻ԳΪѣҽϣ໥̽֡


140 ؿԴ
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һʼʱ򣬶ЩӣϾˣкܶ඼Ǹ֮ˣ˰Ը񣬿ǽ죬ͲһˣΪˮıڡ
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˵ʵĻĲܲʺԣסˣͲٵȥ
űеĲˮͻȻһ㶣澹ȻڣȻ費һĲ衣
Ҫ֪ϡҩҲȻϡޱȣû뵽Լ˿̺ȵĲˮȻһ裬Ͳˡ
û˵ˮϾЦذǱǴۺúŶɶӲȵһҴܣĽء

ؿԴЦ˵ˮɲһĲ裬ѩ衣
ѩ裿ˮһ㶣ֲ赹ǵһ˵
ǰֲҲٵĺأҪĻǲóġؿԴЦе˵˵ĲǼٻѩ裬Ҳѣֲ£ķʱҲܳҪˮȲֲġ
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Ҳһ̾
ĲˮҪʱȵĻԷã٣߶ԣΪ


141 Ȫ
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144 
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145 
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ɶʮ־̾Ҫ˵˽⣬û˱ȵĹˣˣȻһ𾪣յǴѧأôͲ֪أҺ߹Ҳû
еġ
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ף㿴ʲôʱˮĺһη˾Ϳͷڹ꾹Ȼˮ˹
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ͲˣΪ˵ͷڹѾ˺ܳʱˣˡ
ģôôһͷأɶֱͲţҲˣҲ΢΢һû뵽ǰȻôһͷ׹ꡣ
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ɶ˵㻹վŸʲôѵ㲻ͷĻԵ

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޾˵ҵѣ
ɶŴͣѣôܣôѣԭ֪һֱ˰
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ɶͷڵѪȻ˵ĻжˣȻĻͷ׹ץǰ޻ƴ
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ģ
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ϸһ룬ˡ
ΪһȪͲˣȻͱ˵Щ¶ǾȪġ
Ҫ𣿡ʱʵ
ȻҪˣǻûأôöҪǶҵľͺˣɶֱ뽫ԼӽȻЩץס
۾ֱðǡ
ˮĺ̿ôҲҲߣȻҲͲ֪ЩļֵЩҪǱ֪ˣҪһȷѪꡣ
ͿŰ޵ޣЩ

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䣬ûв͸ǽĶᱻ֪Ǹʱ¾ͲƽˣϾЩ߶ԣֵʵ̫ˣ֪ãȻ֪Ļ϶ͻһֶΣᡣ
Ǹʱ򣬿ܾҪѪˣ
ȻԸ⿴顣
ȻҲΪ


147 ֣
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һӾͱϣվû뵽ôͻȻͳ£⶯һ֣Щ׹ꡢʲôģȫˣʧӰ
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ؿԴЦһ㿴ôĶ𣬸Ͽ߰ɣҪ£ҿɾͲýˣ
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׳˸һǸϽɽ
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֪ˣͷߣǱųߣ㣬ղһɶ˵
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ЦޣסＸˣ
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ˣǿͷ꣬߸ôϲʲôΣա
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𣬼Ȼ˵Ļֻнǰˣͷ߸ˣĻǻܳһ⡣Ц
ߣ֪ԣ
ɶ˸ۣ˵ûͷ߿ҪΪˣԣҪǽշĻʱֱ͵һ켶ߡ
˵ʲôʲô켶֣ôףˮĺʵеǳ
һǳˣ֪֮̾ĲѰţ֮϶ʲôܣԼУһҪ
ûʲôûʲôۡ
ʱˮϺؿԴ˹˵Ա߶оػǽǹ˳ٴеӡ
ҲȷʵЩٵĶִ඼ˣγôµļһҪͷķĻ£ǹͲá
ʱ˿̣о嶼亹ʪˡ
ǹɣûˣˮ˵ɫʮƽ
Ҳǣһ֪˶ٴˣСһ
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үӣ㻹ֲǣЦһ˵ǸղǸͤգ̫˰ɣԾͽͷȻǲ֪ôֲĶġ
Сһ
ˮЦһ˵û뵽䣬ȻôһͷڣǼ氡
˵ĸ̾ǼٵģϾһͷֲ컯ΪԵĴڣڵϿ¶Ҳû뵽Ȼһͷ
Ҳǳ˼ʶˣؿԴЦһһͷֲ齱ߣԺôܰȻ˯ҪҪʮֲġ
ϾȪǿǺöôֱܹ͸ҪƵģ̫ˡ
ˮϿĿЦѵ˼˵ذҿû뿪طҪסˣһͷ߳һڽˡ
˵ʲôͿأҪԵĻͽǸ̵ȥˣϾס꣬ʲô¶û𣡡ؿԴοԼ
ȻҲֻǰοѡ
ĹŵӣģɲٴҲ֪ӵԣҪԼ뿪Ҳǲ뿪ġ
Ѱ찡
ʦǻ뿪ɣʱ˵
ߣ£Ͼ˵
УҡͷʦҪǲߣҲߡ
ӣôô£ˣܻ꣬˵ҶѾס꣬ϰˣİɣͷӣ»벻ͷߵۡؿԴ˵
޾͵ʦҪ㲻ߣǲߵġ
ôһ仰ŪؿԴͷůϾӵƷԣǷǳðʮֿο
ʵҲûа취ͻȻ˵һӣ˾Ϳ
˵ͷ߿ɲһﰡ
ţ
һ£ˮϾˣԱߵī˵绰
īһϽͳһֻݸˮϾߵԱߣһ绰绰ȻǴͨ˵ġ
ûãˮϾ˹ϴЦݣ˵ˣûˣ½ˡ
˶õģȻӸ
ϾղҲǵͷҪΪԵĴߣǽĻзǳôֱӾͽ绰Ӹ
ΣսԹҪͷ߽ӸΪػޡ


148 սˣ
׳ҿǻɽʵ̫Σˡīӹֻгһ˹ΪԱһǱ׳İȫ
Ҫһ£ԷǳԺ˵Ϊ׳ӵڣһӴĴߣ߿˵Ǿһ뵽Ǿ޴ͷ­۾īͷ
Ȼǲ
ǣ򲻹Էǹһ룬ǼӵֻͷŪСѣʹ򲻴ǼһƤ
ԣϣ׳ܹԼȰ棬Ͽɽ뿪
ǷˣɶӴľ
ˮϾͰ˰֣ĻͲҪ˵ˣû£˹ˣһ뿴ʲôأ

īһ£˹׳⻰ʲô˼ѵ˿շɣͷһʮֲţϾղǾϣ˭ܹշ
ҲǣΪͨīô֪Щأ
Ҫ˵ˮϾ˵ˣûˣ䡣
˵仰īһºת뿪͵˵ͷٴ˵Ҫ绰
ǣī̾һЩڣҪ֪Ǿֵʱʹ绰ͺˣҪٴ绰ǲˡ
ˮϺīĻ˶΢΢һЦʵϣҲеʿôϾһΣһ˾ԼһǴûǹ
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Сʱһֱˡ
һӰֱӴս裬ʮ꣬˿ȥΪ䲻ʵǿһһ֮䶼һɴϡ
ˮϡ
˹ˮǰûоʲô񣬵ȴվıֱһʱȥǹâ¶
С谡ҿǸҵһö˵ҪôлҰˮϺǺЦ
ս͵ҵĲˮϵ𡣡

ˮˬЦһСһˣͷ߾㿴Űɣ
ǣ
ս˵ͷĿ΢΢ɨһۣһ£͸оĿǵƵģƤֱһ㼦Ƥ
Ҫڣ˵仰֪ûпأսȥˣܿģˮ;ҵķ춯صĴ
˵󰡣ɶ˵սôᣬʮѣжʵڣӾȻôһӾȥҪŭͷ߿ô졣
ʲôΣհɣ˵
Ȼ˼ҡҡͷᣬΪ˺ǿϸܵһɺͺǰһϢ
ϢȻ켶ǸϢ
ɶŴͣ˵ղǸˣﵽ켶ʵôܣӣҲʮ꣬ôģҲ̫̬˰ɣ
۾ŨŨĲš
ϾĴ磬ÿһ֮䣬Խĺ蹵˾ܹ佫Բġ
ʲôþȵģǶţͷİɣʮ֮ǰǶܹԲ磬ͺ߹һ޵СЦ˵۾ŨŨš
ɶƲƲ죺ͻᴵţƤðɣҵ뿴ʮ֮ǰ᲻Ǹ磬ߺߣҪûĻɾ˰Ƿһŵ
ôܻ䣬Ƕᣬкöأʮʱ϶ܹԲģ㲻Լ΢΢Ц
ɶôܣô᲻ԼעղŵĻǡǡңҲ㣬ܹԲأǾͲһඣ
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ʹţƤɣءɶһۣʱˮڵĸӾˣͺɽҪƵġ
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ͷߵʵǿ󰡣С趼ôûûշˮгսʵȻӸ֮µĵһˣʵǿۼǽ죬ͷߣȻôʱ䶼ûշǾ˵ǳǿ
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¡
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ҵ죬ʲôʷǰ𣿡
ģ̫ˣǾôҪˣǶᱻ°ɣ
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˶еֱӽŲȣԵڵأȻͷϯһſڣǶԵˡ
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⣬̫̼ˣɶʱ˵˫۷Ź⣬Լ֣޴սһݣޱȴ̼
ˮĺ̾ЩΣͷΡ
ֱš
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ߵķŭ춯ء
ϵĽˮɽӡ
ãվϷһĻ
˵Ǹշ𣿡ˮĺʵ
˵ȻԣһģϾˮˣûаգˮϾͲˡ
ȷʵƾˮϵݣ˿̻Ǿ˵սǳģ˵սʵѵǾʵǿ
Ȼܡ
սʲôӸķᱮ
϶ʵշ
ôշܹշȴҪһʱ䡣
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Ȼս˵ʲô⡣
˾ڵȴš
Ͼôһ޴սͱӵӰĴ̼Ķ࣬Ҫб׻ʲôĻһĵӰˡ
óƱ
սݡ
ֱܿɹ֮¡
ĬĬһĻţǲҪ˺úϵȻҪһЩѪ
ϾܹɳֵزϵѪҺдЧĻкܴܹΪͻơ


149 շ
ڳأͻȻĶ̧ͣͷͿ˹ȥֻ˿Ѿƽһͷ޴ֱţߵͷս
߱շˣ˵ĵһ뷨Ͼ¶ϲɫҲղŻ췭ظһӾƽе㲻Ӧ
ðð
ˮ˵֣ɼжôˣսйҪͷշļֵ̫ˣͷ˵Ϊԡ
ԣڻͷͬһ㣬ܹշΪػޣһҩüֵҲͬһ㣬ΪӸʵķԾ
շսһԾ䵽˵ϣȻɫһƽǴ۾￴һϲɫ
С谡ķǳӡˮ˹սļʱսͿЦһΪӸսڣ˭ļ򣬻ֻЩϼһŸء
ţȴǵˮϣҪ绰֪ͨǣǻ治ֶ֪˵ǻҪлء

ˮҡҡͷСһһ֣Ƕɣˮϵٻ˾͹ˣڿʼʱˮϵģκī˵ʲôԸ⣬棬ˮһξ롣
ˮϣ˹Цŵ˵ʱĿ΢΢սϣ̾͸ܵһǿһ¯Ƶģȼա
Сһǣϸǽһ£λս裬ǾͺսɣҲǵĳˮϺǺЦţΪ˽ܡ
ս塣һ
սĿһɨ˵ͷܲĵͦġʵʶģϾʱΤǰı˴ɱ֮£Ӹ󣬵ʱսڸ͸˹
һΪ£˺½̳˸췭ظ
˿̣սĻһ㶣û뵽ԷԼ˵ֻţѵԷʶԼܰҲǵһμ氡
Ȼ⣬Цս壬ֲֿĶշˣҪҵĻ϶
ƨɶһ
һ㶣ЦˮϺؿԴֿЦսҲݸĿɶϣɶ͵ʲôҿɲ㣬ʦ㻹ء
ţɶĻսоһȻԸӦɶʵڣΪͺܲˣڵŶ˵˵ʦ˭ҪпյĻȥһ
ɶƲƲ죬˵ʦǿǺ϶򲻹պ飡
պ飿
ս䣬һӾͲƽΪ뵽һˣѵǰŮӵʦǸʵѵʦǡ
ûֱ˵ϾҪ˵ˣɾͲˣʵ֮ô룬ʵɶΪ磬˵򲻹ʦô⻪ģҲֻôһˡ
ߺߣ¶ˣҵʦǺ߹ô򲻹ɣܹ˵ǼĹͣ˵ôǰɣɶԼװ۵쵽սǰ
һЩû뵽ɶֱӰˣϾɶô˵ˣսͿ϶һݱʾ
ǺǣսЦȻﾹȻǸǰĵӣտʼû뵽ģʱˮϾ˵С谡ɶ˵Ķ԰ĳ֣ȷʵСһйأȻĻͶٸһ㲹ɣ
ϾշˣǸ㲹ҲӦõģսˮ϶ô˵ˣ͵˵ͷ˵Ҫʲô
ܸѪ𣿡
ʲôսһ㶣ʲô˼ѵҪҵѪȻ켶֣ѪҺӵзǳӴؾҲֱӾ͸Ѫ
սɫһ䣬ʶԼ˵ıԷˣ˵ѪȻ˵ѪͷѪϽ˵ս壬˵ǸѪ

սһ˵ͷô󣬷ŵѪȻǿԵģҲǸһ㲹ˣ˵Уȡ̫ˣ
Ȼ˼ھڽ׶ΣҪĽѪŵ̫࣬ʧܣôʧ̫ˡ

ʱһ֣ˮĺ̵Ҳһֱʱ̣ȫȫķɫЩ㲣Ǻܺãĳ˵ʵ̫ˡ


150 ؼ
ˮĺ̲֪е飬Ȼǳ𺳣ս;սһĻֱܴһ̲ѹһ
ս裬۾˲һĹʣ֪ôģͻȻһ˼Ҫ˳ԼרԼרͻ衣
ޣˮḷ́Ϲʲôأˮĺ̰ԼһսʲôôԼרȻҲֹ˼
ս赱Ȼ֪ˮĺ̴˿ЩʲôͶˮ˵ˮϣѾշˣҲɣʲôָʾ
˵սͳӸ󣬲ˮϵ쵼ֹսˮϵ𾴣ˮһߣһݣ֮ηˡ
սĻˮ˹İ˰֣һͷʲô㣬ˣҪµĻͻȥæɣ
ӸԼлƣˮϼʹݷǳ󣬵Ҳȥ֣˰֣սȥս͵˵ͷҲ˵˵ͷ
սҪߣɶϽιҪѪ㻹ûأ
СѾͷԼȥȡɣ˵仰սһȻΪһӰͳʧӰɶֱţ˵㿴㣬ôһ㻰˵ûã
Ц˵ʲôأԼȥȡѪսҲһ˰Ȼôͷ
ˮϹһЦȤȤȤ
ɶ˸ۣʲôȤģֱˣ޲øϿ콫ԼʦսץסȻݺһ٣֪ƭԼĺ
ʱҲ¡һٴγ״̬ѾսշˣȻؿԴ˾Ͳٹв
ʱɽ´˳е̧еŻͲȻЩ˶ǵ̨ˣ֪ôһͷߣ͹ɷá
ˣǸˣ
ˮϰ˰֣õ˴ؿԴѩ˾͸ǣʱؿԴͽһЩβ˵ĵãúÿһ´μҿҪ㡣
˵̫ˣҽؿԴ͵һֻۣýܣ˾л֤Լúÿʱӭ顣
߰߰ɣҽϣˣǧЩϼһʧ
ҡͷ֤˰޵ǰԼ֣ҪпյĻ棡
Ƿ룬ѾΪѣӵйͬ־ѣ޿һۣ˵ͷ֣һ𣬲˵´ȥ㣬ٱҽգҪСİ
ҵ㣡
ҶشЦһһܱҲЦȥȥؿԴͿŰ޵ҲˣҵһҲѧĲˣɽʱˡ
޿ߵİƣû˵
ϡ
ˮĺûүүĳǼɶĳЦеĿˣȻ֪ЦЩʲôЦ㲻ôңʵǳһֺ⣬̫Ѫȡ
ǵʲôˣˮĺʵʵѾԼĲ²⣬Ŀ֪ǷԼĲ²һ
ˡɶ˵
Ȼ
ˮĺ̵˵ͷǸս𣿡
˵ȻûУӦһ켶֡
ǵĵȼ𣿡ˮĺʵ
˵ͷУʵĸ𣬷ֱƣ켶ߣƼҺɶھ̫ߣȻҲ̫
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СһǻؽǣͷӾ͸һ˰ɣ˵˵ţˮϾͳ˵ϲˮϣ̫ţϾˮʲôݣôߡ
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ԱߵһۣУҲпѣǰȥһ˵׳á
һ׳е쳣
ż
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ɶΣһ¡
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ɶСѾȥˣٴкãţҪǴҶȥѩɡ
ð
ˮĺ̵ͷϴЦݣо÷ǳȤõŮӵķģԺô졣
ͬʱ档
԰źĻѩϣһѩ˲ţºĽӡ
ղǸ˭ʵЩ棬Ͼʱ쳣ӣ˵Ǹ˷ǳĲ򵥡
Цһͱ
Ųһ٣ܹͱʲôôŸղһĻҲڿЦ㲻Щ
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˵ͷ
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лʲô
лôãôҸס˵
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ûãɶ˳ѩ˵Цӣɶüа޵ôܹӣһĴܲ
˵ӰʱҲ΢΢һ
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Ȼֻѣô
ɶգգۣ˵ԭ갡ţͦƯģֲܹϲء
ôһ˵վЩ죬оһͷĸŮһ̨Ϸڴ¶ҪҸطȥ˵ɣҽݿôˣ
˵꣬·
վס
ɶ󼱣ǹҳӵģˣô˵ʱЦʶܸˣҪǾѩɣܹΪѵġ
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ɶ˵ͷ

վǰĸ˲ţųһаգղԼҪǲ·ԼҪݺںһˣоԺҪҸᣬһҪɶú̸һ̸˵Ȼ֣ԽԽˡ
תص
Ӿϣֱ΢ЩнһСѧƵģϵĿ֮ɫȴβ˵ģһۣѾ˴ջ
Ӿ΢΢̾
ˣ򸴺
һΣǰĴæ
ңˮϵĻѿˮ϶ĿԼףˮܹ¾Ϊԭ
ʼµʱҲ𾪵Ĳˡ
ȻͶĿ࿴û뵽ı֮󣬾Ȼˮ϶ϵв뵽Ҫ;£ǾͲˡ
ϾȰһܹɴµˣŲɵģһô˰رˮ֧֣ˡ
ֱһͷ
Ӿʮָ̾
ѾԺһҪҸú̸һ̸δһúõĹ滮Ĺϵǲã̫ϧ
֪Ӿ˼;ûʲôȤϾٳ飬̫ۣڵģô˹


156 Сѧͬѧ
ʱȥĺܿ죬һʱʱ緹ˮϺˮĺ̸ǣڣͣʮСʱѾ㹻ˣϾƾˮϵݣһֱ
СһҪʱ䣬ȥͷӡʱˮͷͰЦ˵ͷӦʱһȥ
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Ц
յ˵ͷ
ôȥ˺ǣһжʱ䣬ܻһ
ȥɣѩ󡣡
ˮϰ˰֣˳ڷѩнԶȥʧӰ
ˮϣټ
Щ̾κһǳ𾴣οˮһΪıˡ
Ӧģȥ
һ첢̫ңԶ
ˮߺӾһҲȥҲﶺ̫ãϾﻹô£ǽ֪ԼֵˣȻĻôˮϼ档
ˮϽһԵţ;ܿͻлرԿʱоͷǳмҲǳοŮ϶ˣκ˶ߡ
ȥ󣬿һᡣ
꣬ú̸һ̸
Ӿ뿪ˣȴʱô֮ںܴĸĤɶĲ£ʱԺͣҲ˵ǰԺͣǶݵദһ𣬴ҿѡ
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ѩƮ䣬԰÷ȴţΧԼ棬жŵ㡣
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˹
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еĹĺܺãеĺܲ˵½õϢʵСѧͬѧҲѾܾûϵˣ½֪Щյͬѧ׹ô
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˵ͷ
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ôûҲЩյͬѧΪͬѧ٣Ÿء
ϾʮʱѾѧˣ˼ġ

ҲҪǹȥɶ˵
ȥʲôЩҵͬѧֲġ
ôȥ𡣡ɶЦȥúÿܺ棬ϾûŵʱӦÿķǳ֡
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УȻĻǾͶȥɡ
Ҳûа취飬ϾǴӦԼͲܣֻôӦˣӦɶϾ¶Цݡ
費Ҫ׼Щʲô
ҪֻܴŶӾˡ
УȻĻǾͳȥúñı

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½һʱ䣬˿ѩƮ䣬紵ţֱһΪӭֻ꣬ίԼˡ
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ԼЩҿƴֻΪûк̨Խӵļѣ̲ס̾һ
ûϻˣԶ֪ʿĿѣ½̾һ˸Ϊûпϴѧº̣ЩڣԽԽҡ
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157 ħ
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ι˵𣡡ֺǺЦ
յͬѧܿģر½˹һܱ
½ֱҪˡ
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ԣԴһ½˶ΣϾ˭˲ﶼк顣
½ҪźһˤӽˤڵϣȻݺϼţΪԵʣһëǾǰϴ裬һ죬ϴôһΣΨϻдǲζ
þòı
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ʱһֺļһһ۾˹㲻˵ٷҲˣ˵˵ʱʱɰ˶Ӳˣߣǲһس棬ǶԲ½԰ʹԣʹȣһһһħˡ


158 򵥣

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첻СӺſ£ҾͲˣҲҪ
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Ҫ˵ʼʱΪɶԼŮԭ򣬴һʮ־ǵڣ¶ݣеıֱӻΪŭҲ˲
ҲЦãЩ
û뵽ԼЩͬѧȻСʱǵôͲŹ˫һ̯˵ǶСʱˣ
Ȼˣ
ҲǸֺļһϳԹ˵Сӣǰʱǰһ߷ŵҵʱʱûҸֱҿ߻·أ
ǣ
û㾹ȻŽǵģһҶ㼸š
ٴ
ģͬѧ
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СӼֱ̫ˡ
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½վ˳αͣȴ׷뵽ղСӲ˵ǺãҪݺһ٣ЩԹй
Ц
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У
˷׷ױһۣͬѧҲŪ̫ҷ׷׶С˵ղ˵㲻㻰
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ΪͻȻСɺڻҪǴǺҵЩСӸô죬Ǹʱǻҭ
Цô㻰㿴ҵпͷˣԺȣòã
šС⻰˵ĻУǺã⿨÷ˣ˵С˺òð
á
ȫǴӦûһӦġ
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ôͱ˺أ
Աˣ
С̴󺰵
ܿ죬Ա˹˵ݸȻҲ˷˲˵
ƵȻеΣǲ˵Ķȫ½նУǳḻ
ǿݵ˰Сһ䣬еĲ˵
˵ͷЦɣģٷˡ
Ǻá
뿪Աߵ½𲻽ЩжҲԹҲֵˣ˵ЩҶûһˣһҲܺãһۣ룬ҪǴǮĻԼͲϺˡ
ģҲǰϾҪͨӴӾӶΪԼĹ˾Ѱɽ
һ뵽ԼĹ˾΢΢̾
ˣԱЩˣϣղŶôݺСˣλŮʲô˰ǲ˵һţæЦʮֲ˼
ϾλŮɲдܣĻˡ
ɶգգ۾ͻȻЦǺãĲ˵ҿ
ͽ˵˹ȥ
ɶ˹ԱߣĿ΢΢˹ȥͿЩˣǺͨĲˣǳ˵ģӿһů
ЩͬѧȻ˵Ҫݺһ٣û˵кף̤ᣬÿ˶Ĳף˵Щͬѧƽӵܣûд˵еֹٶ߸еĳбҵеĸбҵдѧҵġ
ߵ죬еѾΪ˸ĸᵽӵļѡ
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ɶգգ۾˵ЩͬѧºְȻ˲ϵ㣬ǶԵˣ
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ЦЦ
ɶһڣ˵ѽȻչͬѧӣҿɲУҪǽ첻ݺһ٣Ͳʹ죬ԱЩ˵ϵĲˣÿһһ飡

˶Ŵ͡
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½ҲһȻС˾ЩǮҪǰУĹ˾ҪĵˣûôǮ
ҪȫˣûôǮô죿
ܲǧС򵥰ɡϾ֮⣬ǮģҲֻˡ
½Ͻ˵˰ɣǵͬѧǸղŶǸЦġ
˼ǲҪ˰ɣϾҪˣʱҲֻп޵ˡ
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ЦЦҪ˵ĻϵǮȷʵǳ࣬дӡɡõģɽɽТģмǧˣ˵Ҳһǧˡ
ˣԱͰҷԸİ죬õľҲЩͬѧǾܳԾܺȣĶˡ
ɶ˻֣ǳĺ
ʱѵҪʲôʱף
ͣ½͡
û˵ʲôϾ˼Ưﶼô˵ˣǻ˵ʲôֻܽˣȴ뵽ѵС߹ʺˣɴˣǿȥҲĺͨ
벻ס
ȻܳԺúȺãȻͷǳˣǮ˭ģֻҪԼԺþͺá
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̽ʵЩûˣĻðɣ˵жûϣԼһ˾ܳȥˣĹ
Цھҵһÿ춼ǳԳԺȺȣҲûʲô¡
ɣ
˵СʱСˣǿӵôңߺߣ첻ôҶҪúúһ
ʱˮͶ
˵һˣþҲ˹ϾôĲ˺ôþˮģݱȻͲһ㡣
þһֺļһ
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һƿþƾ˹
죬һ˵һЩάĻƿƷϣ͸ҵģôҺúúȣҪʲôҪĻܷԸȻ˳ȥ
ģŮĵʲôͷ̫ƯˣҪԼһĻҲֵˡҪ¿ˮ


159 
ܿ죬Ҳһһ̵Ķ
ɽ亣ζ
˺ԹЩеľ̿ˮΪԼһƣվ˵Сʱ򣬶в֮ǣⱭƣȸΪ
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ã
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ܸӣóԺúȵĹӦ˵ôһǰԹԶҲɢˡ
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ɣ
һһ
ȫȥ
ʹ졣˽е
ֹʹ˵ãֱǿþƺ⣬Ҳ˶٣󣬴Ҷ˵ЦȾƳ⣬ȻҲ˵ŸЩ
඼ǿ̾
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һؾҽҽǳ˵ã͵ʱԵõǮƣǮ
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һĺܺá
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⵱Ľӡ
һһЦеվЦķǳա
ЩСӣȻƣðҾͿ˭ȵĹ˭
˵ðö겻ˣȷʵֵúһӦú
ð
ĻϲԼҵİɹֲңȻҶˣͬѧأ첻㣬ҾͲˡ
ɣ
һ


¶ǣЩѣεĸоľȻǺþƣҶҲܸߣȥһ˸ͳܲˣںȹ󣬸ϽȥϾͼһˣͣҪľˮݺѹȥ
̧ͷʱһҵﰦСôûƵģɣǶҶˣôû°ⲻˡ
ʱһͬѧվ
ãҾӡ
ֱһƿͣ־Ʊ־ƿ
ɣ
һɣ
ͬѧЩͷƤĸоʲôʱôˣģѵҪһսôֱͲܡ
½ҲЩĿĸо
Ϊ˾ܣȻӦ꣬ҲûôֲȾƼֱںˮ̫˼ˣš
ͻȻվ

ֻ
ȻߵԱߣ˵ССʱ͹ĺܣҲôãҼ顣
˵꣬ͼ·
ʹ˱۷ľƶȥˡ
ǣĽǣʲôûУ
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Ȼͽľƿ˹ڱǰʹţûơ
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ȵûһȫȵȥˡ
ģ
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ЩأϾղſǺǿɲͨľƣǶܸߵƣһȥˡ
ЦеĿ
ЩͷƤĸо
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˶ӵĿһۡ
Ҳܹ⣬ϾĲôȣὫ˺Ȼġ
ʱ½Ҳվ˳ЦҿҾ˾ͺã˵ϾҪˣȾƵĻǣɲȽ㻵ˣ˵ǲǰ
ԶԶԣ
˶ͷ
Ǳˡ
ϾӣҪƴƵļƣľ˵ͱֳˣ˵ʲôأϾ˼Ƶģˣúó԰ɣͱƴˣ
ʱȴЦҿҶһһɣһȣΪͬѧ꣡
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Ϊꡣ
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ϽΪԼһƣ˵ҾŮŮ˵ȶ۾ͺȶ١˵ǳҲ뵽ɶľܺãõЩүǺԼľ
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ɶҲЦˡ
ҲЦˡ
˶Цˡ
ãǸɣ
һ


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ҵ֣⻹ŮҲ̫ܺ˰ɣֱͽˮ˰׿ˮ
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һĲɶܿԸ˻ϲ˴˵еġŮӡ˵ռ˺ܴơ
ЩˣˣܣϾôľƣ۷˭ϣ¶ôܣſˡ
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˼Ⱦƣ֣ҳ
ŮľһеľһȻŮķǳʱ£ҲܿϾҶϻģʲô˵ʲô˵Ȼ
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ԴӽݺĿŮͣΣŮ߲˵ŮѾΪ˸Ǻٿڣϵķ˶ٳԣ·Щɽ亣ζƵġ
ȻԣΪտˣŮźأ˵ĺƾɣеĵطտѾ˲
·񷱻ĽǣûУǺټˣղ֪ΪΣ˵ϣܵһɵˣڶԷ۾ܵһĨ뽹
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161 ۸

½ص̾һҲ֪̾Ϊ˼̾ĻΪԼ̾ģ˶ĥĺܱߡ
İ̾ʵ̾ʲôа취ģǶͬѧֻҪ֮һѣʲôͶûˡ
½һۣ룬ҾҪһأҲ֪ôڰ˵ˣ¸Ҳ˵һ鰡
֪Ͳ飬Ҫ˵ˣ϶һѣϾͬѧĹϵ
οĿ࿴
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ϾôͬѧôʱϵҪļˣȥһˣΪԼսʱͬѧڿ½ĿŸм𾴡
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Ȼ뷨ڻǵȵԺ˵ɡ
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ŭһһžͲϣţҴҵͬѧ˭ָʹ㣬ȻҵϣˣĲꡣ
Ϊ۸ҵͬѧǾ͵۸ҡ
˭Ǿǻħ˭Ҵ򣿣
һ̣ϵͱˡ


162 ȥ
ŭȼգ۸ˣʲôǾڼĹͷûأ
ԣҪְ
Ͼɲ۸οĿ֮еġħƺţԲԵ޹ʾܵõġ
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Ҫˣô͵Ӯˣʱ˶ҪԷҲ˵֮СȤҲû뵽ԼȻʶˣһƣݶüţ̫ʹˣʹ࣬ԴǮûܹ
ƥģͼƨѣҲҸţףǼǣҵ죬̫Ưˣû뵽û뵽ͨİ˾ȻôŮ
ĿȻɶŮϣʹˣɫǰȻ˶°ﰡ
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ȻεɵۣΪɵۣΪɶŮԴǮʲôŮû˿ＸŮ˵ľɫû뷨
Ҫһ棬ٻʮ꣬һ궼а
û뵽ԼȻõ޸
ͨᣬ˿϶ͨˣΪҪȨǮ˻˭ᵽȻԼΪΪ׼֪˾

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163 仰Ӧ˵
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̫ǿˣһƣҲЩͬѧˬĲˣ͸ǿĻħ̫ʹˡ
ҪǳϲԣҪŅ̀ˣȻӵУٽסԴеļ֮顣
ɶƲƲ죬ҪĻͽӳˣҲûг֣ΪһòȻαӣҪǳֵĻʵ֣ɶɲ
΢΢һ𣬲ĿȴһĨʣҲǿˣǹŭһȳ֣ôȻҪСУʵ֪ʱҲһѣ̫۸ˡ
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Ϊˣǲ˰
Ҫŭ˶Է£Ƶ꣬Ҫ˸ˣͷƤ飬һҧǸϽ˽а
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ҵ谡Ķ˰
첽˹·Աһ͸ϽǸǰС˵쵼û°ɣ
˵أ⿪ʲôƵ갡ԸҲԵô¡ӵ˵
⻰ʪĲʪȻ쵼ŭ˰ҪǷŭҪûʰӣ£¾Ҫ׹ֵԼƵͷϣС쵼Ϳҵġ
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𣿡
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ȻǵģΪ˭ôţһץľ㣡ŵ
Цˣ˵ʵ仰Ӧ˵ģΪ˭ʲôǡ
㡭ðɣ޷죬̫޷ˡ


164 ܴС㣡
ʲôǣ
Ϊ仰˵ģƲסĲȻΪ¶ɵģ෴Ϊŭ˵ġ
޷졣
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ǰСӺòðһͷɲܾôװٴ˰


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Ǻǣˣˣȥɡ˵ͷϴֺŸСֽһᣬ棬и

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ɶһסظԭ֮󣬱˹˵˵ʲôأôˣôˣ˵꣬Աһĺţһ׸裬ɤҲ΢΢Щɺԡ
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Щʲô뷨أ߳˰ᣬͿˣһ֮͵˵ͷǴһкϾڶˣ𣬵ͷҲȵһˡ
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УŪа
Ϳʼ˼Դӿʼת


170 ûأ
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ͬѧ㲻ôæˣǸղѾȹˡæһΧĻȻ󣬵ʰķǳɾͬѧһּҺְá
͵ͬѧ⼸ҲûиϵԺ󣬾ͽǰɡ
ԷΪǰʱ˵ĹϵǷǳãû뵽ӣȴǹôѣⶼˣڣԵĺȵģʲôûа
ǰ˵ĶԣǼȻͬѧܰĿ϶
顣
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󣬾Ϳ˵ô
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171 ӹ
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һۣЦЦǾͿʼɣ˵꣬վ
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˾ͽң˯ϸһ£󿴵˼缤Ŀ⣬ЦӵĲϣЩ鷳
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ѪһͨĲ
꿴һɵӣЦͬѧҽĺҪİɣ϶ܹκúӣ㱣֤
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ղ˵ܹΣ㿴׸ôΣʱ½ʵɷµӣʵȻ֪ѪֲҪûѪԴºκá
ԣ뿴ôεġ
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172 Ȫ
ʱúܿ죬ȥһ˺󣬽죬ʹڼΪһǳҪĽգҲҪĴڡ
һ磬˾ɨ
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һװĻ㣬ʱɶ˹Ȼǿп˹ˣԾͲڿˣߵԱߣ˵ʱ仹磬Ҫȥתתɣĺư
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ţðɣӨӨСԴʮһ£˵ǺðɣҾͲˡ
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رѩ졣
ʱѩٴһƬƬһȪϷһӾڻˣһ


173 ҹ
ȥˣôûΤ˵ⶼˡ
棬ҲǶ徲ôˣֺģҲȥˡΰЦǺǵ˵
Уȥ׼ҹɣšΤ˵һǻæء
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裬ĵطɶˡӨӨı˹ǳĿģ˾Ǵȥ԰̫ˣһζûɣȻȥȪ裬㲻֪ȪˣȻǾȥԷ
ӨӨߴߴľ˵࣬ȻȥĺܿģͮͮСЦʱ¶СѣǱһһ̵ġ
ΤԴЦ˾˽쵹ǻǮˡ
ǵȻӨӨЦĵ˾ͣҳ˺öóԵĶ裬ƽʱҳԵĶ
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ΤҲЩ
Ҳû뵽ǰȻһ棬ɶôһܺȾƵ˰⡭̫ˣӣһļûУ˲ðһȺ˶ſˣ


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ɹ̫ˣһ󣬽Եĸ̾òͱſȥˡ
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źȾƣԵˣͲΤصȻǴҹȾƾҪȸˣǣΤŮˣҲϣҺȵ̫衣
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Τؿɲ뽫ԼȥȺһ˾ƣֱ͸èŵζƵģ֣ԣֻͶˡ
ЦһȻɩôӣǾǵϰ೤Ȱɣϰ೤ҪǺúúһ
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һٷһֱԵ˾ŵ࣬;̫ľƣ·߲ɣҡҡλΣѵĺܣǶʰ
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а˾ˣǲʲôӨӨһֻСִСڴͳüڿҡҡ˼Բˣڸ˾Ҫء
ѾͷΤ˹ôôòҪˡ
裬ôùúɶ̶ҺˣͲ˾˺ˣӨӨС죬е㲻ģҪ˲ĻҪƵġ
һЦ
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Ȼˣ͸ǵСӨӨáǺһЦӿڴͳĹĵģһǮǲ١
С˼˼ˣôô࣡Τؿĺ˵Ȼ֪ǮҲôִŵĻϾûнء
㣬ǸӵģɲҡЦ˵ţݸСѾͷӨӨǵĺףÿһ춼ĵġ
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СѾͷǳĵĽӹʵҲû̫ǮÿҲǧǮͼӿġ
ȻСѾͷӹ󣬿ĵĲˡ
ˣڸҷʱˣʱΤǰڵó˼һһʼַһ㶣û뵽ԼȻõһöˣ⻹ǵһεõǸůûȥݡ
ͷӿûжǮÿǶʮǿɲҪͷΤǰֺǺǵĵ
֣˵ġΤصҪǼûĹǣҺǰܹôã
ǺǣΤǰЦЦϿֳһ仨ȷʵ꣬ôТ˳һǳɰ´֪жôġ
үӣҲСүүҲҷһȻǮ࣬ȷ˼ҵһ⡣
ʱֳܾһ绰ô˵ҲĳҪѧòΤ˵
˵ͷҪӾ绰ҪˮǴ绰ϾǶԼĳ
˾ˣ˾ˣȥ̻òãӨӨ
ӨӨĺ裬źòãΤص
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ðɣȻţŰɣ˵ˣɲܽǸŪˣΤصӨӨкüмǹĹĵģԣӨӨõǮͲ١
Τô˵Ҳһ˾ܣЩǮȻӨӨСģǮŪˣӨӨҪԼţҲûʲô취ܲԼŮҹĲİɡ
裬ͷİɣӨӨһᱣܺõġͬԼЩӨӨĵĲˣĺպúܵǰҡ첲˵˾ˣ˾ˣȥ̻òãҰְ˺̻ܶûзأ
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ûзŰɶЦ̻ˣҲҪż
ɶ̣ҲҪŰӨӨС
ôǵСӨӨðɶЦ
ɶ̣ӨӨȻԸˣţְܹʮ̻ɶ̣ţòãӨӨʮֲĵ
ǺǣɶЦСڣ̫ˣôСѾͷȻܹ⣬ɶֻůůġ
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磬Ưϲ
ǺǣϲͺãҲһЦ
Ҳ𣿡СѾͷ̧СԴЦȻԣ͸óţ
磬̫ˣﻹûзŹ̻ءСѾͷգһ̻ţĻ֪ΪʲôͻȻµûţﰵԺиڣͲٳԿˣһٻᡣ


175 ҹ
ۣӨӨһСѾͷĲֺ̻ССѾͷһһţѩ˷ܵĲˡ
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ȷʵĻҲһļ꣬ǳůοԱ߻Ů飬ů͸Ӳˡ
˵꣬ǻܹһ𣬿ϵ̻𣿡ճʵȻб˼ɶˣ΢΢һЦû˵ʲô
ȻᣡԺÿһǶԺļңҲˡ
Ĳ𣿡૵ĵ
ǵġЦջ˼Ǻסһ𣬵Ǹʱ򣬿϶ͲסϾһˣסﲻǺܷ㣬οƾӣҪĺߵһǾͻһӡ
뵽վЩʧ䡣
ֹһֳ꣬һ꣬մûһ̣ʱô죬ԼֱˣҪǱŮͣѾ̸ˣأǰⷽ뷨ͶԷ̸̬һֱʣҲ֪Ǻˡ
˾վѩ̻
һֱ̻ȫ˺˲߽һ룬͸оů⣬ͬʱĸҲӵﴫ˳
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裬ˣְҲ̫ˣҪǶһͺˡӨӨСȻûľˡ
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裬ȻķˣǻСأģҵķߣȥģ
˵꣬ӨӨСıˣΤҡҡͷҲû˵ʲôǴʮЩѾͷúһɣ
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껶ԽԽÿˣΤ˵
ͦ˼ġЦЩ꣬ʱԼһˣɭɽУԣǰݵĽĿǺܺÿġ
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ΤزЩһأû뵽Ȼô˵껶궼ӣûʲôı䣬ʲôÿġ
ЦΪᣬЩԱ׼˺ܳʱ䣬ĴԲֻ̨ϣܺͼ˾һ𣬲ô˵Ƕֵþġ
С˵ĶԡΤǰ˵ͷڵ˰µĶ֪ӵ˶٣ЩԱô˵ŹףҪһŸжģǸǿ֣˰һҪøж
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ǾͺðΤǰ˵ͷ
ЩգЩ꣬Ȼѧһҽ˺ܶˣǣҲûĴƣ⣬ҪǺΤȣĺܶడ
Լβˣһ쿴ʮһӣܿأЩ뷨Լѧϰĵطкܶడ
ҶԵˮΤضӣݵǰ˼㽶
еˮУ㽶ˣĶ
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Ǿͺã˵ͷƷãĺãȻĻҪǺˣһǻ治֪ʲô¡


176 绰
˭ȹƣǺˣҲǺ٣ȻҲǺܶ࣬˿̣ΰսѶˣʡ£Ʒȴܺãⲻò˵һ¡
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ǺǣǺȾûпһֻҪһŴСȻҲ֪δǸʲôģһУҲֻʱ򣬲ŻôˡΤ˵
˵ͷ
ȲɣոĲ豭ˮЦŵ˵ͷţȥһ绰
˵꣬վǰĵ绰롣
ܿ죬ʹһΪأһе㲻ˣҲǣһҳԷԵ磬Ȼһֱڵĵ绰ǵȰȣǵȲԭǳ˵飬ȻòˣһҪǴ˿ǰ׼ͻᱻʹһ١
ǸǸϽ˵
ߣˣôŸҴ绰ôڲųꣿڵ绰˵
ЦҲô˵ɣϣδսѹˣԾһֱȵڣ
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£һ㶣绰һͺᣬԼҲʮ䣬ʱ绰ﴫԼǸСķ
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177 ̫̰ˣ
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178 ˮĺ̴绰ˣ
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179 
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180 ˮ
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Τص˵ͷ֣֪ˣʵҲû뵽ˮȾȻôóԣˮȣԸԼȥģǴǲ֪ϰҪúһˣϾóԵˮȣʲôطõġ
һˮȣܿͱϡ
Ѿ룬ſȥ̵ʱ򣬷֣Ȼûˡ
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ܿ죬ˮȶ
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181 ɶ߻ħ
˽ӣһֱ°ҹӵʱպΤѾЩˣӣΤǰ˵ǱҹˣȥϢɣţ˾ˣȥϢ
ǳᶨݾܾҲǣүӱϾҲһ׳˵ǳᶨʱ򣬾͸һֲһζҪһĻܶľս
ү˵һ£˵ͷϾүӶˣҪٴĻ¾Ҫˣԡ
վ
ŶȥϢɣ˷׷վΤǰĵ˵ͷʵҹֻʱĴͳüأֻЩ꣬Τǰϰ˶ѣȥϢҲǡ
үӣȥϢˡ
ȥȥɣΤǰ˰֡
صԼķ䣬򿪵ƣźһﰵҪŬˣɲһôи
ʵҲһǳˣȻĽǿģΪĽǽڹ˵һǡ
ͲɽѾľʱоǰһ˼ϾͶǲ࣬˼ѾߵǰͷһǺԶԶһɲ
ȻܹУôΪʲôͲС
ԣµһʱϣҪибϾǰʱֻһҽûע⵽أӴȦԽԽ㣬ô϶ͻԽԽ࣬һ˵ˣҲһࡣ
ҪûǿʵôܹİȫԼػԼһУԡ
ԼҪǿ󰡣
ڣҲǵڶڶѣϣ㣬Լ۷壬Ȼǵң֮ϣǵľ
ľ֮ϣе徳ߵ߾
ʲô¶Ҫ·ҲҪһߣһԼƽʼ˼Լƺơ
ƣǾĽղ񹦣ŹȻѣȴǼ󣬵ǣҲƣǾŹȱҪܹռȫļ㶼õˡ
飬ǼģֻܹԵˡ
ȻǾΪϡҪĻ϶ǳңɽܹô죬õҩѳģԣԺҩ֮ء
Ѱ̾һ
Ϊϡԭľͺټˣһɢޣûм֧֣ҪõҩĻǾ͵ˮ¡һա
ôⶼһϣǡ
ţͣŬȻϥ״̬

ɶصԼʱ򣬹ţȻ󣬽Ǹ˲˳˲ΣʵģأҲǴӱģ󣬾ɶ
ʵһɽֵʱ򣬶ĳҲǳΪ뵽һŮˣһͬ꣬ȴӰŮˣȻֻһ棬ǶԷԼʱӵȴһ̣С
ʱиˣԺҪŬǡȻͽһУľ׽ȥͿʼתڵ˲ҩ
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ɶɶѵҪˣ
ɶҪ޵ĳ嶯
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ңҲŬ߶ȡǹϢΪԼʵһ֡
䣡
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182 ɴۣ
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ʱ֣ŷߣһ˪
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ϹʲôأԼһ䣬ɶˣ㻹б˼㡭㻹

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аԵҲͣҲлҲ
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ı仯ɶҲʼδģȻһߵҪԣҲûа취ڵһжܿƵˣңֻıϡ
Լ壬ûб˸أǵһΣһʱ䣬ɶ֪ԼЩʲôˣ
˶֪ôʱڵڣɶȫȥˣںϣ仯ݻΪһµ
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źڴϣȻӱ߻еɶģڵ˼ûˣڵΨһͷǸô죬ôܽһΪָ
ǳȫ˱ˣԼ̫ΰˣţҲû뵽ҹ龰ԼȫϣֱһѰ

ҪǵʱɶҹϢȻҪǻϢĻǾͺˣҪĻҲû˽飬Լȫϣӣôأ
߰ߣ
źĳ嶯̫ùˣɶûˣԼأÿడ


183 ɶľ
бߵʱɶҲŬڵɵ˲ǰе㲻̫һңϢ뵽ɵƵģȻʧˣҲ˵ɶȫȶҡ
Ϊֱͻˣ뵽۷壬˵ûˣȻͱˡ
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ɶûע⵽һ㣬Ȼ˼ԼɵԼˣҲ֪ӣΪԼ

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ֻǹ˶ѣҲûҪԼǸĽӣ浽ʲôϣԼô࣬ȻĻôн鷢
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㷭۸ʲôѵšɶ˵仰ģͻȻģͷԼ찡Լû·ˣ͸ʶģǸղ˼ԼˣڣȻ˸ס
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ɶݺݵһۣȻǽŮЩ׻ŮӣôչǰƯϲһĨΡ
ô죿ô죿ˣô찡ＱòˣȻЩøУǺøУҲֻѶѣ屻׿ˣѵԼҪ޸
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ԡ
ǷǳмģҪǻͱҪߣҪˣ϶Լ

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ʵҪָʵҲûа취ͻȻɶ˵ҪǷ̫ǵ˵ʲô
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ᣬӦòģ
һɶ˵˵İ취ôҶҪлл㣡
лô
ɶĬƬ̣һСѾ˾


184 ʵ
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㡭ϲ𣿡ͻȻСĵ
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Ļɶԥһ£ٴʵ㡭ϲ𣿡˵仰ʱʹһ㣬ҲȻˣŴ͡
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Ҳ˵Ǵ˶е뷨ɣ
ֻǰгɣ˼ʹСа񡱵ͷҲ˲ͱѹȥˣԣ˳
ء
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Ҫ˵ϲأҲУϾҪ˵ϲǲ͵ֶһŮ𣬵ȻҲԼΪʧȥôͻȻðôӵͷأѵԼ߻ħˣ
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ԭôЦ˭̫أҰѳֲסҶˡ
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߰ɣȥϴˮ裬Ȼͽˡɶ˵
ǿɲУҪǶô죿ҡҡͷҪͰҰɡ
ҽһ֪ʲôʱɶСѾ˹ݺһ⣬ʹǰֻڵݹʱʱӹЩ˹Ǳһôôʹôڲ֪
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189 ˶
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˭ﲻʵˡɶƲƲ󣬽ԼСָ˻ֻ뾯ѣҪʲô
ﲻʵˣϵ㶼ˡԹղɶһ£ĺʹ࣬֪Ů˵СֵԼϺǼġ
ߡɶһˣҲ̸ˣҲˣķɣҲˡ
̸߰ͣˣʲô鰡ﻹһѻأȼˡ
ѵ㻹ȵɶһۡ
̾ϢһɶҪǲҵĻȥұ˰
ʲôȥұˣȥ˭ɶֵʵ
ȻȥҵŮˡЦ
Ůѣɶһ˵գѵѾǸˡ
ǿ׵ģҡͷôǼ飬ñĵطԼԼĿɶС졣
㡭ɶע⵽Ŀ⣬ʼûзӦȷӦһʱ䲻ߺ٣û뵽ô崿ŮӣȻΪ顣
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˿㣬ֲùʱСϷĴ˵ˣԭ£̫ˣ˼ɾƵġ
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ߣɶߺߣڿˣǲǸˣҪͻȻˣɾͲˡ
ôͦεķͣҪһΰɣ
㻹ɶһȻʹ㻹ǸϽ߰ɣ
ҪһΣ̾ߡ˵󣬲ɶᣬٴȥ



صԼķϴһˮ裬ȻڴϣϹЦݣû뵽ĵһ죬Լϻᷢ飬ô˵ԼѾһˣˣһرˡ
ңԭѾתΪһͻȻһΪ֣ԼȻ׳ôһ˿Ҳ˵ɶĺޡá
̫ˣ
оϲҲ˵ԺҪɶʱкˣһ뵽飬ҲЦ
ңɵûãһ⣬ڲֻ֪ԺоˡϲͬʱڵҲĥš
ϾǰϤĻڣһȻǿ󣬾ͺñԭǹǴˣûǸе治ĸо
ţֻҪʱ䣬һжˮɣΪţһὫо͸ϾıǮµıǮ
ԣо
ڣɶĹϵŮô˵أͻȻЩͷۣպ궼ǶһһŮӣΪô࣬ɶȴΪĵһŮˣȻΪ⣬òǡ
ЩԲŮĸо
ˣԺԺ˵ɡҡҡͷҲѾˣŮܴġ


190 յķ
ʱ˹˿̵üͷΪһΣУھл񣬵ǾڽеʱͻȻһǳƯŮˣˣ׷׷׷
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žӰϽ¶ЦݣôԼǷǳƯģô˵ڴѧҲУһͲϲһ뵽е㲻õĸо
ԼôˣϣԼǾͱʾԼӦø˰ΪʲôǸ˲أ
ϴһŬԼһЩҲ֪ԼôˣѵΪһΣǣǽһΰհգͱϹˣֻҪܺİһ𣬻ʲôأ
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191 
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ҡҡͷˮѾĲˣͽʢ
ʱȴ棬Сѩʱѩûֹͣſеıҡҡͷ
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ֲˮôóˣԭǼֶ
ֲݣͨû̫ΣΪһֵϺʳӵĺóԣǶ˵ͲһˣΪÿһԣȻȻڳֶ󣬾˲̶ͬȵΣ
ϣΪݣɶųΣȻ֮ͻһϵ

ͦм⺮ݵġ
ΪҪԼôܹɶͻƵһңҪΪԼ͸᲻Ů֮µĿˣ
ԣǷǳмģҸΪںɶͻôһϵļˣ⡭
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192 ˣ
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֣ġסɶһܾģҲˣǿǽζĳţðʢһɣ
аĻͷ꣬ʢһ룬ŵǰɶ˹̵ĳΤؾԱߣɶýģָоΪʱҪ˷Ƶġ
Щ֣ɩôˣôǶɶɶǽ֪Τű顣
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˵꣬ҲƵˡ


193 ҪˣҾ
ص˷䣬ȻоԼ˻ǲ¡ȻǺѰġ
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ңҪϾүү̹ˣôܹȥݷһ£Ȼ˵ȥ
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𡣡ɶ˵Ҫɩ֪飬ô찡
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Ļһȷʵе⣬Ҳһ̾Ĳ֪ɶԴﵽװЩʲô̬˲˸ת䣬ңȻǵ˽飬⡭
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ⶼԲˣ㻹ߣ¾ˣɶ˵꣬ͺݺݵһۣȻ߳ȥˣʧһʱ䲻֪˵Ǻá
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194 
¥ɶԼڻԣŻ˿ɶֵԽԽãȻıˣҲ޷ͣʱң¾޷ˡ
Ŀ˹˵㡭Ҫȥ𣿡
ţ˵ͷҳȥ飬Ҫϲܻ
ǵǸŮ˼ȥɣʱɶĵĵϵĵ绰ˣ˵үү̹ˣȥһˣ鲻ߵôȥˣ뵽ɶͷǳ
ðŽ˯ˣһðŸӵΣգأھȻҪȥԷѣд
ҪǰɶȻģ֮ˣΪԼ˹ϵǶԷŮˣأȻҪȥһŮӸһǳԴˡ
ĵĻ΢΢ЦӦˣһӿ϶ڵԼأҪǽ첻ȥĻ¾˵ȥҪǹȥǰ˾ûذ
ʮͷۡ
ɶĻһҲЩίһǳŮӣ˵ˣֻҪϲԼˣڱģùˣҲܲ
Уȥɣ·Сĵ㡣˵
ɶŴͣյȥѵ㲻֪Ҫȥ𣿡
֪յ˵ͷǴһֳܾô˵ĳȥԷ꣬ôܹܾأ
Ҫǳϲԣ뽫ձݺһڣ̫ƽˡ
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ڣҲ뽫ԼĹϵΪҪǹˣԼǳԲգԣԼǱֵȻһãһñ˷Ĺϵ
ԣһȻն˵ʲôҲ˵ˣ߰ɣʡļķ
УţˡϽ·
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ôʹ̫ˣ˵ˣҲһŮҲ̫Ϊѡ̾һ
Ժأɶʵ
ԺԺ˵ɣ˵ˣڻᣬеʱ䡣Цŵ
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󣬾ͿΤأСѾͷ棬ͻ˻֡
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ôأôûֻأѵǴԽģ˵
ҿǴԽġ̫ѨУһĽţ
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橺ʱҲѾ˶Ž󣬾׼ȥʱͻȻһǳϤСѾͷİɣϳôôأ
Щ֣תͷͿԶһΧǰֵˣò¾֪϶ʲô飬ңСѾͷԽԽںĳ˷Ƶġ
ǵģСѾͷû
Ȼʲô飬Ȼܹ뿪Ͼô˵ҲǶԷˣԼȻͲôˣϨ󣬱³Źغã㳯Ⱥۼĵط˹ȥ
ٱңôܻٱң㿴ҶǮƤпˣɫģӣܸܴ֣⳵ԿףǱʱݵģƤѥƤģֻƻ˴ܻٱôһͷɫͷܻԼϵͷСУǴ˭ҲǮôǮһٱңûиթأСѾͷɲҪſڿӣҲҺö󣬸ϽĸҲҶȻǮҵʱ䣡
㡭ôһõǮͷǼٱˣ˵ˣǮҵûûȥƾʲô˵ҶթˣҪ㲻ĻǾǮˣȻҪ㲻ĻƫҪԩңǺãǾͱ쾿ô˵ʱʹüٱҵ鱩ˣζģ
˵һ㶼òԱߵһŮӣŮʶֽٻٻĺѣ˵ԱһӣһЩϱԱ߻ƤװĲҶû뵽뵽ŮôͻȻϲҶˡ
ëĻȴЩˣǵģǮȷʵǼٵģ뻨ȥ쵽ŵһɷǳŵĲ㣬Ǿ˹һ;úܲһû뵽ͳżǮͱǰСʶˡ
ǣôС죬ĵͷߣĿ֮±һСʶƣ϶ʱЩȥͺݺݵСѾͷ㵨ӻͦô֪˭ΪǼǮǼǮǲˣС⻹ͦ׵ģǽôԩңǿɾͱôˣ㲻뱨аɣʱҵ뿴ԩһԩ㣿
㡭
һû뵽ëȻô˵˵޼ɵҪôǰ˲µӣȻھпܾˣǸʱԼָô죬ᱻץȥɣ
ôˣ޻˵˰ɣҲǣ㿴ҵӣֲǮС˿ɲһŮӣôܹǮأԩҵһС£ɲܿӴҰȻƷôãҿĲҶǼٵģҪǵپһô
˵ӣëЦǵģѾǰСˣ˵ģ˵˵Ǹ崿ӣһѧëȻҲѧرдѧٻٻ崿ģûȻôһ飬ȻͲŹҪʣڲþһô
㡭
ëĻίĶˣû뵽ëȻôҪǮұֺȻԩ˼ңԼôأ죬ǹٻٻæģֲҶȻˣҲССɣڿӣҶûˣһĻ¡
ΧëĻǷ׷һ㶣ʼʱǰСģϾôƭأëôһ˵Ƿ׷׶˼ϾеѾ˲ҶǼٲҶǿɾͲðˡ
СҶҲҪˣҪͽǮ˸Ұɣ
ǰҵҲҪˣ
˷׷׽Ҳ˳Ͼ˵ëЦЦ䣬ͻȻģ͸оԼƵģһ£Լ˫žȻţһˣֱһֻһֻ֣ͽԼһǸְ
Ͻ㡭ʲô
ëͻȻһ˸ΧҲһϾһֻ־ͽһ˸Ҫ汾µģǿɲǻȫɢ˿ȥȻˣҲ뿴֣ԣûоʹȥԱΧۡ
ƴ򣡡
һѺëٻٻһӶһϾƴı֪ģ֣ǵĹǣëСĻʶˣʱһɣԼô˥
ѣһֱôſɲãҪȷҪʲô´һ̸ô׻˵Ӷڲְ
ͣЦԱߵٻٻҲ죬˶û뵽ëȻ˵ôһҲˣȷʵúëЩľսȻĵͷߣҲֻһСѣ滹иˣҲ۸ٻٻСˣڱˣûôĵӡ
ͨһ
˵ϣ˵ղŵҴͷβˣʹüǮô˵أ˵Ҳ˵СҲС㿴Űɣʵ˵ĻǾͱС˵ģǿô˵
⡭
ë֣ŲӣһǴͷԼһС죬ռˣûа취Կˣˣ˵ֵܣϴⶼҵĴ͸СﻻһǮǮģԺҲǵ鷳ˣ
˵䣬ͳһµĺƤݵҶҲҪˣ·Ϊ鷳÷ǳ죬ϾҲǣǳϤôܵĲ졣
еǮЩΣ󿴵Χ˵˭ҶҪˣɣҸǮ
ǡ
Χ˶εЦһǵģȷʵЩΣղſٻٻĲǳǶ򣬵Ǹղ˺ëĻ˻ȥȻԼСˣˣεЦЦҡҡͷ׷ˡ
Ȼ˲Ҷô˻ȥ˵ˣҰȷʵǳһַǳرζͱĲҶһǶȥúƷƷô˻ȥ
뿪ˣһͿɫЦ˹ƴ򣬽ллˣҪĻҶ֪ôˣҪƴȲô
Ұôæһʹ˰Ц˵û뵽Сᵽ裬һǺٻٻһѵǼʲôˣҪǮ
ҡ
һû뵽ô˵ǰƴԼôæǸëҲԼ⣬һȷʵǲģأٻٻȴǷǳ˹


196 ȿ
һμǸ˼ҹƴٻٻǳļʵϣǳһ棬лΪһζԷһֱĵףǣҲǣǵģûǹٴμȻޱȡ
ƴڼˣ
ð
ЦЦ˸кʵŮôϲҶˣ֪Ҫǳô죿
ǳĵЦƴҺٻٻҶ¼Ȼ֪һǳ֧֡ϾǶǴѧˣҪ취Լѧѣܲʲô¶ĸɣ˵ˣҶٻٻһҼĹģǰƴղûпĿɶˣѾһ
ٻٻҲ˵ǰƴİɣ֪ġ㿴Ұ裬ȻȲʲôģݿһַǳŵݿĲˮǳúȣƴ˵ҪǮĻҿ϶ͶֲҶΪֲҶҪŪˣʲôĲ
Ǻǣû뵽㻹ͷԡЦ˵
ǵȻҶרҵǹⷽģֻеϧûôʽ𣬲ȻĻҶԼŪֲҶҪǰװãҵļ⣬϶ڻĴ˵ܹģĺò裬Ȼû̫ϧˣ
ٻٻ˵˵俴ƺе˼ͶƵģǵģٻٻ뷨Ϊ˵ȴ˵ƴа취Ϊҽ֣ʶʵҵҿ϶ܶܶ࣬ҪĻôԼԸ˵ܹС
ʵϣٻٻǽǵˣϼũ壬һǳƶĴӣȴвɽĲɽ̫ܶܶ࣬ƶûרʲôģͿҰҶʱ룬ٻٻЩ̾Ҳ֪ԼʲôʱܹѧɣȻ¸Щ׵ĶԣȻˣҲԸֻǲ֪ʲôʱܹʵ֣š
һʵֵġ
ٻٻĻЩЦСǡϡԼˣЦ⻹жٲҶҪǺúȵĻҶˣ
ƴ㶼ˣôУȻǺò裬ҲȲôడǲæġ㿴ģһ㣬һ㣬ܿˡȥҪǳеĺôĻ϶ͻϲֲҶˣǷǵƬʱͻãǾͿܶܶĲ裬ȻˣֻǵԸѡ
ٻٻ˵
Цˣû뵽СﾹȻô飬˵ͷͷǵǵģҪǰٻٻ죬ҶķǳúȵĻʮֻҪһͷͣٻٻǾ׬ˡ
Ϊϣκһ˶ǹµģԼѣҪԼʲôϲĶ϶һʱԼѷܸԼѣǸʱ򣬲ҶȻȥܶˣСﵹͦͷԵġ
ҲǣٻٻļǿݵģϴξȥĽͷǳóԣһ뵽⣬ЩˣϾѾþûгԵˣڻͦ볢һġ
ʱһݺõĲˮڣڶ˹ʱŵһɷǳرĲ㣬ֲȷԼûŹһǰ˵ڸоһֱȻˣǺȥģֻ˵ǳر
ƴݺõĲ裬㳢˿϶ᰮģʱƴҪúðһ°ЦŵܹҲû뵽飬ǳĿģ̵ֻģȻˣΪĳݶ𣬱Ͼܵġɣ
ðҾͳһ
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أҪǣҵİ£ǻΪǣΪҫ۵ǣʱǻлҵģģŮǣףɣӦøлңΪҽǴǸȦǽҪԵǷḻʵģҲƭǣ
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ǵģķǳ飬ΪĸŮûأţŲɣ϶Լߵġһ
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ҫʱɴ۾סؿڣоԼؿǹǵģָо崿ŮΪʲôԼĻַӦأӦðǲӦÿϲôӦּôӦ˫ðôǡ
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Ϊʲôأ
Щ⣬ǵģЩ⣬ѵǰ崿ŮȦðôǵģʵ϶Լһߴ˰
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ٻٻ˵ͷ׷վҫ俴Լ˰һ㶼ȲԼӣŮУкصĵλˣֻҪˣӦ÷СŮɣԣ϶
ιȱ߰һû˵أ
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ðɣ
ٻٻ˵ͷ
ȻԷô˵ˣǾͿЩʲôʲôµģ˵ǹϣѵǰӻǿɣˣûʲôµģ˵˵ֺη
һۣ˵ͷʵϣŮĿȻûкˣȻûкǲ˷ʲôˣǰӵҪ˵Щʲôǵģ
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ҫ䳤һԼĿڲһֱŲɣˣǳţ˵ӾʣǰС϶ᱻԼסģǸʱȻǿ䡭˫ඣ
һ뵽ֳ棬ҫѪڵĳ嶯ǵģȲˣֻ޲ھ˵ǰŮȻȥݸȪһȱʲôģĻܰ
ʲôúȵģ
λŮǻûвԼƣǵģҽ㣬ûЩƯǡţȱ𼱣ǵĺܺãҲƭǣԼҲܹоǵģ˵ģǵòǵʡ崿ûʡ
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Ǿɣǰɣ
ҫǳ˵ֻеǣĸܵᣬǶôľʣǸʱǾͿȥκεطǵģκεطһ룬ֻᣬ÷һ԰ɣֻҪǰ̤һǾͻ֣ᷢǵһʹ˶ı䣬ѵǲرĸôǹϺ𣬲ǿ϶ʱʱ̵̿룬ԣһλᰡ
ǧܴ
˵ЩҫһڿȣȻ̧ͷǰŮһۣǡ
Ŀɿڴĸо
ΪʲôΪʲôŮı黹ôƽأԼղ˵ĻǷϻƵģûǷϻҫоԼеܲˣǽǵŮӺ;ǵŮӾͲôôҪھǣ§СȻ󡭡
ȥȥˡ
ΪʲôǾһ㷴ӦûأѵԼʲô˵ĲԵĵط̿ˮ˵λŮѵԸλôģǿ϶ģǲʲôѣҪУǾͷİɣ̽ǳǳֻ̽ҪԸⳢԣŹᣬôһжңһһڲͬ·̤ϺǾͻ֣ᷢѡ񡭡ǶôȷǵģôȷˣϿ¶İɣҪ֪ǵĺ滹ŮŶأҶûиǻᣬֻΪһԵ֣һԵ֣Ҫ֪ĵһ찡ʲôõأԣİɣ¶İɣǵͻһ̵ľһ̵ѡ񡭡
ӵ壬ǵģ壡
ԣǰɣ
˵ô
ٻٻһڿȣ˵ɫǳƽд󱧸ˣҪԼļ罨׳һԣôأġ
Զᣡ


201 ԲûȤ
˵ˣҫ˵û뵽Լ˵һѺǰСﾹȻ˵ĻѵĶԼȤ
ողµٻٻԲ𣬻˵ĺܶԣƺӦôӦ㣬Ĵ£ǴӴ̤ȦϷǳҸǡ
ܱǸûȤ
ǵģٻٻûȤȦĲðȻƽʱҲһЩֽĿЩҲǳҲֻѣ˵ˣ޲Լмأȡ㹻֪ʶȻļ磬ôʱǰ氡
˵ˣǰˣǲ̽˵أбͼҲ˵أ
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ǣҫٽĿϡ
Ц㲻ÿңǵԼ˵ˣȦôãҲ֪ô崿Ůȥˣж˳أôǮأ԰ϷЩ˼ˣȻ˼ҲⷽĻǾˡ
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ҫЦһ£ǰ⼸˲úŪĽűĿȣ˵ôõĻᣬĴˣ
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ǵģǰûҲûҲӲˣˣȥ˵ء
Ļҫ˵ôǶԴ˲Ȥˣǿǿϧˣǵʧȥһִǰ˵ǺǣǵĺܺãȦĻһϯ֮صģֻҪң
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ô
ҫЦЦ˵ûǲڡðɣղҸ˵ĻȻԸĻȻˣҪҶΪǣҪĽôǿɾҪˣǵȻܹãûǵ壬ŮǰҪ֪ʱǵıǮر͵ʱ򣬱ڣ
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ô˵вˣٻٻĵ

ҫҡҡͷвֻǸѶѣǰǸѣѡˣҪĻĲãȻǺˣҲǻˣҲһЩĵ飬ǡ
ʱҲò˭Ҷأ
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ô
ҫ䵭Цˣʱһ仰ô˲ǧ꣬԰˺ãܹǰһУһУϣûаһˣЩˣ˾ˣһѣʲôأС˵һ仰ҾҪʹʹĻţˮ죡

Ҳ˵֡
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ҫ˵ͷǰһУҿ£ΪµʱΪҿѷɵƲãأǺǣֻѣǾҪܻϡǵģֻҪһ仰ˣ⡭ҵǲţʵôпᣬѡǵǰҪѡĸء
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202 ֶ
ǵģҫǳڴ
ڴһ̵ĵȻˣһ̣Сﲻòѡ񣬵ǡ
ʵϲ
ܿϧ
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ǲģϴϴ˲䱻סˣʹŤ亹һεôܹôһҲһ
Ҫʲôȵ
ͬʱ£ȿȵˣŮϽܵȥΪһǰЩ˾ͲǺˣǿɲʲô鷳
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ڣҫĸ첲۵ķǳʹһӶûСܡ̫ôʹˣСӵǴ󰡣ǡ
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Сӣ֪֪֪˭ôʵ㣬ң³ǳңǵģķǳңҪھͷңһһȻˣ۾Ҫ첲ǰС椣ĹϣǾҵˣһܵ顭
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Զ׼ǲٴȥˣߵҫߣļҫЩηĿ˵סҵ֡ҸĻҲҪס㡣ǧҪǵ鷳ΪЩ鲻ܹģҲܹǵģΪŭңһᡭɱ˰ģƭǣ
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Цһ£˵ʵҲڰԼˣˣţҪǰɣ
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ٻٻҡҡͷƴǹʱгԲ鷳ˣ˵ˣƴҪȥͬѧôʱҲˣɲ˼Ҿõˣ
ȻĻУҾͲˣ·Сһ㣬ʱҾͻȥǵģʱһŬȻˣǻѧȻҪ£ǹҲ˰
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˵ͷ
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Ӧٻٻ˵˸ӵȻˣ˶ź·ʲôҲоҲֻǵĸлѣûбʲô
ڷֿЦǺãǾֱ·һҪСģ
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ʱСҲֳĻؼˣ˵ȴһڶңǵģڶңʱԸģϾǳôĿô˵ҲҪġ
ǸҪţͻȻģһӰǰݵʱ򣬶ʱһŤͷܣΪ̫ˣôֵָܵ۶ϣһ£ǵȫˣʹܹãҲҪüʱ䣬Ҳ˵⼸ڣǲܴˡ
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ҪܣסЦǻĲţȻĻ͸һɣúϢһʱɣ
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һҽжʱʮηĿ˵˵ˣҪסҵĻһǾǲҵĻظϴҪúùܹԼȣΪһСİ
Ҳпܶˣ


203 ּˣ
ҡһȥģ
ǿ첲ѶʹǰġħоԼĹӷǵģָоͷϣϿȥĻͿԴ绰оȻˣΪ
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˵ˣǵ̸͵ΪֹԽоȻˣһҪסҵĻԺҪЩˣΪһٵĵˣܾͲ˵ˣȻˣҲԲĽ϶ڵģţҵȰ浽Ϊֹټ

뿪˲ųһʲô˰̫ˣҪ֪ҿǶһЩ̽С˵İյصĺܺˣǣΪʲôǱأһֲ̫ôʹˣҵְ
Ͻ绰һȻ
ΪĶˡ
ʱֻп̹ĵļܹһԶļסǵģϣɣ˲Ҫ;ˣţ̾һԼĳǰ˳Ҷȥ
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㣬򲻻᲻˰ɣ˵𣿡Ĺ뷿գŴ۾ʵЩ⣬ôʱ򻹲أҪˣͷǳȤ˰
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һۣ˵Ϲ˵϶ᵽģҲһĽţٲڡ
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ѽ
橸ϽӴŤ˹ȥȻĸ첲Ŵ۾ʵ㣬ͽ򡭡Ǹô
ʲôǸˣʲôʣһȥͷһȻСʵĲʲô鰡

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ǰˣһֱڵƵġ
ǵģû˾ڵˣҲʶϢ
һμʱԼΪ˶ϳܼң۾ֳһĨԵɫʣû뵽˾ȻһסԼȥ·
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ӣҲֻýԱͣȻʹ򿪳˳뿴ϢסԼҪЩʲô
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˵ѵסҾΪ˸оĹĺܿôҪĻˣţһ£ȸǡ
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ϢЦҵ㣬Ϊ㣬ǰҵ˺裬ҶỹģС꣬ҵŮˣһҵŮˣ˭Ҳߣ㡭Ҳ⣬Ȼˣǰʲôǣڣʲôˡ㲻ҵĶ֣ϣܹ֪ѶˣҪٲˡ
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Ϣ˵ͷķ˰ҵȰɣȻĻ㽫ҪӭӵĲõֹѣǵģһһ㣬ʲô˲ܹġ
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˵꣬Ҫתǡ
Ϣվһ̺ͷݺݲڵϣ˵û뵽㻹е㵨ɫϧ㲻֪Ҿõʲô컯ķ˰Ҫ֪ǲܵġܡһסļס
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ˣ벻ҪңǵģúõĻŰɣˣٲһˣҶȰ棬ΪЩ鲻ǹʵͿԽġϣ


204 һģ
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ҡҡͷҵ˼ǣԶҪٴͷȻˣҪôôɣҲûʲô취˵ڣҲʱĻһЩΥĵ顣
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ոճΪߣӵȻ׵;һߵҪԣҪǱƻߴݻˣǾǲת飬ʱҲ޷ˣһոǿϢ˵ǲܹܵġ
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ϢĴУ㲻һߣΪǿ㲻֪ҳ˶ٿ࣬ģҵҪӵУҵ룬㲻ҵ롣
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ǮѾתˣҰɣϢЩͷɥΪԼһˣͦţƵģҪסݺݽѵһܹ뵽ôһֱǷˣԼʧȥһǧ򰡣ôǮ붼ۡ
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˵껰뿪ԼĳˣѩУֻʣϢһˡ

ߺϢɫҧгݣһģ´Σû´ˣҲôԼԹ㲻һôһͣʵǿǿȥ԰ģĻģϢģһģҵģ㡭
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205 ݷ
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˵ͷѾ˵ˣ޲޳ɣ֧֧֣ҶһûԵ飬ҲˣҶܲ죬Ӧ뿪ˣǣһǾ仰жɣ


206 ĺܲϲ㣡
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ʱĿȴɱ֡
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207 Ƶķŭ
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210 Ҫֻ
飬ôˡ
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յʱҪԼӾϣĺ˦ȥȻһжˣǶٷǷǳģԵķǳġ
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еˣȥϢһɳվˣӿ֪Ϊʲô˾еᣬ̫˰ɣУŨŨʧ
С迴˵ҫǺӾԸǴ˵㣬ϣ㿴ϣܹҪˣ֪һбµˣ϶ܹӵģ𣿡
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˵÷ǳѹ֣̾һȻ黹ǹѪģĲѽģʲô취أ˵ˣҫڶҺ޵ĲˣԸҵİ֪
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Ҳš
ҲЦ˵ˣ¾˵ɣ֣裬Һе飬Ҫȥһˡ
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215 磬ֻ
ҪȥȻҪųȥǶôһ飬ҳȥڣǻʲôʲôôõһ飬зŹĵվ˳кŸһȥ
ĻЩΣҲʵûʲô취ֻõͷͷ橾͸ĸˣСеģһ˵򣬽ǳȥһл˰
û⣬ȷʵһⶼûУʱ򣬺Ϣ棬һһ̣ȻԷˣõһǧǮôǮȻоеףô⣬һǧô춼첻ġ
ȻˣҲСħŮһǮģϾЩǮзǳô½˺һ˾ͷǳҪǮ˵ˣҪٻٻ˵õ飬ôҲҪˣڵǼǮ
ţʰöʵҲûʲôʰģһаźúӾ˸ǣĿ뿪ˣһֱȵıӰʧӾų̾һ
飬˵仰ģǴǴ磬ҲԼϸ֪һصļ壬һʱҲ֪ô죬֮飬ֵ֧ģϾıǿԤϵˣضһͺñͶʣһ޴ǱɣķչҲһжǳһ
ðһů̵Ĳˮվ˫ֳ¥ȥҪȥ鷿һЩ顣
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ЦŵôãµҲġ
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߹ȥʱһС˳С橲βͦģٿָɸɾ֣·رĺãһٿǮͿԴ򷢵֣ǱȲ˵ġ
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Ц˳û뵽ŮɽկֻҲǣЩֻôСأϾǻԴһСﶼ߱ˡ
ЦЦԼǿһɽկֻϾðһܹﵽС뻹治


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½˫˫ֻоۿԽԽʪ
ǣҪס
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ӶͶԼ˵Ⱳӣܿޡ
ǣҺް
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218 ĺܲң
Ǻǡ
ӳЦЦһ֪Ǹʲôأ
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Ͼӣʵӣ²һˡ
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220 
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ǣתͷ˵꣬ҿӰɣţܴҾ鶼ˣҪҾ¥һҷǳĿλȥȱôȻϣȥǣֱܲ˵ɣԣֻ˵λˡ
ˡ
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ϢҪ˵ʲôʱͻȻģһֻǸֵķӣ۾
ǰ˺ܶţʵڳܲסԹȥˣԣڣ˯˹һͿϢ˻ûзӦ˲䣬Ҳ֪ͨһ˹ȥϢĴȣ󣬾һѱһ˵ӣҪΪҺòҰǰҴúòҰһҪΪұ𰡣

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ӳԴʵģͲ֪飬ѾչĳԤˡ
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224 ԹӤ
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˴ѪˮðһӤǴ﷢ģң۾ңָоķǳĿֲԽһôĵĹУҴû飬̫ˡ
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ȥҴ˼죬Ϊʵ޷ЩĹѨ豸ǡܶǮʱȥˣǱˣܾȥǸطǸطڴɽλúƫƧû˹Ҳûзڵֳ׳ŵӣֻһ˹ȥˣǰ죬ϻ̫ΪֻǲɾĶŻҾѡһȥˣǣֳ֪ҿʲô
ûѪûʲôɾĶģģǵĻþƵģңЩĻڷڵͨʲôûУһжǻþ⣬Ҹӿ־ˡ
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ڣȻڵӤǾͱҪȥһԭĵص㣬ӤúһһȻûʲô֣ΪҲ֪ʲôֽ֣ͨ¸ˣһжָԭΪֻǲܹģһڸǵľ飬ҾЩˡ
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ΣҲû뵽ǻҵѣҺ˺ܶ꣬ڹܶĹѨǡˣҺģҲܿ־壬ΪУѾȥңһ֪һǣҲ֪ΪʲôûкһۿʼۣΪˣû뵽Ӧˣҵ۾ͱӣǳĿ£ҽûܹκãǲκðɡ
ΪҵıӦģǾͲӦȥǸĹǾͲӦȥǸӤİҲһЩ鼮һֽ̣֪ԭһԹӤǿˣҡҲãҺԶˡ
ࡣ
ࡣ
ࡣ
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½˫˫̿ˮ
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Ȼǳƽĺſȡ
橵Ļɫӵĵ˵ͷ
ǵġ
˵һжġ
ûһ١
ġ


225 ԼԼ
䡣
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Ϊһˡ
ˡᡱһˡ


228 õĸо
ӿ˲ûоʹ뿪ãһֻһſûпֻǴ˵绰ģȻȻģֻǽгֻ̣㿴橣ЦȻҪЩѡɣ򵥡
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һĴĳƺɣΪԼҲһ¼ңǵġ
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¶ЦݣݺݵһۣȻҲԼղ˼ˣ˵ĻҲǲģֻҪԸ⣬ͻԸ⣬һ·̫ķ羰̫·ֻǰ·羰Լе뷨ãֻҪܹһҲûʲôźˣҲûа׻һ
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232 
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ۣΪԷԼĽӣҲ֪Ǹʲô飬ʱӣ֪Ϊʲô橵ѹƣԼĶڶʧһ㣬ΪԷԼĽɡ
ȻΪԷѣԴûмӹһʱ䣬Ҳ̲סӾ͹
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橵ĻҲ΢΢һ̾γˣǡѪֻ֮˳ŶԷ߹Ĺ켣ٴѰһ飬ֻˣҵǸͣµԴͷȻе˷ʱ䣬취Ҳûбİ취ˡ
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橿૵ŵʱ˹ΪͣλǴŻһ롣
һȷʵΪǸӵĸӦԽԽǿҡ
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234 
Ѫ֮˵أҲǸԷϢӡԼĵһһַǳǿҵĸӦȻҲ֪ԷΣվڴǰܵϵܹȷǸӾӦ档
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ڲԼŭˣһȭͺ˹һȭ΢ķ磬ĺХһȭͷǳĿɲȴʲôǣֻһȭײ˹ȥžһǸ˵һӿֱ֣ӽɣһڵϣһ˱վһԣϾΪ־ˣܹ뵽Ȼ£һӱ㽫ԼֵܸɣڵϺ⵱ʱһȭͷ
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235 
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241 ɱ
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գǰһڣȻ³һѪǱģΪûһСѣȻȵ˾أ⡭ǰ޷顣
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ͻȻģӺ洫˵٩˼ڱǰȻǱĲᣬŭСԩ޳ΪʲôҪѵСӵ𣿡

ЦҲģΪʵ㾹Ȼô񣬽첻ɱ㣬İ
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ߵСǾʹ˰Σ㽫ЩӴߣӴԶ뽭ǣԺٻΣ
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ʱţڶĻûߵ壬ʱķһͺУĿеɱԽŨʱ¿ռ䣬¶ԭģȻȥȻôһ˿ѹ֮УõվˣĵһĨĥĳɣ·̫õ£գؼգ˵С
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244 
ʱ򣬾ŵˮζͷڼҽԺ
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ʱɶȴģͬһǰʲôΪǸʱûھͲһˣˣҾ˯ԼԱߣһʱɶܹյ
ԣɶԼӦĸ⣬ӶԼսѹ㵽òЩ֣㲻ʩչôܹս
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ź̾˿Ҳ֪˵Щʲôˡ


245 ҪҰ
ңҲӦ˵Щġɶ
ʵҲûʲôҡҡͷôĺӶͺܺˣ
ֲķǳҲֻһͨ˶ѣܾôຢӣ˵ҲѾܺˣ˵µĸԴΪ籸ĺӱ̳ԼյĽ˵µͦģڤڤаźƵġ
ǰѾúܺˡɶ˵ʱԱߵҲ˵㲻ģڱʱǶǳ𾪣Ҹ綼˵һӢۣ桭ˣ
˵ֵʱյɫԽӵĺˡ
ɶЦЦ̲סȥסŮ˵ôһƯŮڻһܣɶЦĵǲˣԺ֪ˡ
˵ʲôأշ߷ߵĵ̲סȥӶԷ

ǣĶ棬ˬЦˣһЦŮߣһܣҿﲻϹӣͷ¶һĨȣȻ뵽ĳֲĻ档
ޣϹʲôأ
ܿ죬ŮֻͣɶգҿɾͲ˯ˣܵȥ
ȥɣ˵
ģҿȥ˰ɶ
Ҫȥȥҿ㵽ж󵨡ղ޵Ҳ֪Լôˣ仰ͻȻʹðˡ
ã˵ġ˵仰ɶȻһƱӣ˴ܵǰһƱӣͼ˽ȥŪҲĿɿڴ
ŴͣЩš
㡭㡭
ɶЦĵôҸҰɣߣ
տЦãɣҲˣ˯һ飬⡭ɲã

ɶһЦĳطץһѣвʮ뵽ѵɶϲ飬ҪˣȻôܵԼĴˣջԱߣһʱֻޱȴ̼
뵽ҲԼָ˹ȥȻڱ棬տ
ɶ岻һһ
ɶŭţɶҲ̫ˣôľͺһ˯һأȻܹǲõġ
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˸㻹˵ɵɶ̾˿ţԺ꣬ٸúóһΣʵҲ֪Լ⵽ôˣε˼ΨûУʵ˵Ļγ֪ء
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Ұί
ߣǶĳͷôΣյ㶼ȥ˵Ҫǳô죬Ժǵĺô죿
Ŵͣһˣ
ţɶ˵ͷ

˵û뵽ԼȻôζѣɶбˣɶӣôɵ˰ɣ
ûУһڻֻû뵽ѣû뵽ôҪְˣһû׼أ
ɶգգۡ
ǵȻ˲ɵȻˣһҪҲ֣ɱҪʲô뷨ҲӦ
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㡭ɶһΪֻҪأߣȻһĴܲҪǱʦ֪ˣ͵Űɣ
Ǻǣ߹ôϲң϶ӦģͰˣֻû˵ѡЦ
ҲŲءɶŭʱʦ֪ˣ϶Ҫж˿顣
ҪĻǾжɣû˵ɲܹң§ĸˡ
ɶһĻ

ţ
ʵûС
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ʲô֪
ǵȻҪ֪ҿһҽ
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ͻ˵Ļɶ̾һΡ콫ˡ
ڰɣɻĵ
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ô˵ϲˡ˻
ߣɶһǶˣ˵ô᲻ϲأϲŮ̫ˣֻҵĺý
պôһ齫Ц
ƤЦġɶŭݺݵĵڸ˵£
ûҲڸ˵°Ц§ĸˣСһڣɶá
ߣ֪ҵĺðɶΪ꣬㶼סҽԺˣһûиϸϸ˵أ
ʲô°
ȻˣɶһҪٴ˵ʱͻȻءȻǲˣ
㡭ءɶˡ


246 ˣ
ãɿЩ⶯Ҫȥ·
𣡡ɶһС
ôаԼĶղ˯𣿡
˯ҲɶЩ˵ֻ˵˵ѣǷ顣
ԭ㲻밡ЩĿϵģԷԼѵΪԼ˵˵𣬲ɶеܾӣģҲûʲôˣǽڻˡ
ۡЩίɫɶЦЦҹһ㵤ϾǶߣҪûʵԺ˳ô죿Ҳ֪һЩ֪ģ
ʵ㲻Ҳ˵ġ㷢Ǹ̳ԱߣǸЩ֣չʾĲ߹óһƬƬʮֵĹŹ֡
ĻɶҲһ㶣ɫƬʲôҲûпΪʹ꣬˵ﲢûмرĶΪҲʹ籣ǳȷЩס
ѵһ
ѵʲôɶ˵˰䣬΢΢üͷĪ˼ǡ
ûҵ˵ͷ
ɣɶһôأֲС˵ʲôԽ˵ɱҡ
ղƬ˵Ѫ뾫ѪҪƬ˵ʱҪΣա
Ҳ´˰ɣ˵
Ҫǲ¶أɶЩµ˵ɫЩ
¶ˣţİɣҿǲôģҲԸⰡ˵䣬һֻ·ķϡ
ɶ΢΢һ𣬲Ҳûоֻܾǰһۣ˰
ǺǡЦЦܹģȻܳԣѵ
ҷˣɶҡҡͷ㶼ˣôɫҪǱ֪Ŀǻϲϲ㣿
ֻҪϲҾ͹ˡˣš
ߣҵùɶƲƲ죬ɫе仯ôòãʹ֪֪
ҵȻ֪ˣЦֲҵϡ
ߡɶһ˱˻ԣ˵Ĳ𣿡
ҵȻˣ˭ܹ˵ʱһսҲ㶼ˣֻˣʵһʼʱҲû뵽ԷΪôŹ֣ǲĶ
ǵȻˡɶ˵ͷԺҪЩʲôҪңһģ
ģЦ
Ȼˣһƭ㰡㡭˵̫ˣֲġɶ
Ǻǣ㲻ҳԵģֻܹˣЦеСһֶֻչˡ
㡭ɶȥ
ҵĴòãҪǹҲں˵˵ģͦģСʡ
ǿˣɶĵСˣǲǿǸѾͷˣĴȥȥ
˵ġҾǸ㿪ЦѣôãôƯһȥ˭
ߡɶһǳĻŹģ࣡
ԭôҵİѵҾô
ֱͿ컵ˣɶ
ҪһЩҲˣЦŵ
𣡡ɶһջأ
ԸӴ̼

һСʱȥ
ĥ˺òãɶĵ
ҪģɲܹҰ˵
㡭ɶˡ
һСʱȥ
ڣһͣЪ

ɶһȫǺˮĵһ࣡ߣ
˵˼ҵģĵܹģѵû˼𣿡
ߣˣɶ㡭ôˣ
ðɣһЩᡣ
̫ǿˣһ˻涷㣡ɶĵ
ǺǣЦЦ
֪һΣԺҲٸˣҶԼԲգɶ
ôࡣ˵һ취ģٺ٣ϵŮӣһܲģ
𣿡ɶһۣȻǸ
ֻڸ˵ﻰѡЦ˵
㡭ôеˣɶ
ʲôˡٺ١һЦ
㡭ɶһû뵽ȻԼϡ


һΡ춯ءʱһŴϣ΢΢۾ԴﻹãһЩǴĴϴģȻŴͣ΢΢˹ȥĿɿڴ

ġ
ʲôҲû˵
ʲôҲû
һСʱŴϵĶͣ
󣬷ûˣ
ֻһŮӣĬĬᡣ
賿ʱɶĴ
·΢΢һŴϵһۣ˯һһۻڴϵô
Ҷˡ˵
㡭ɶǿˣ嶼ɢˣҪΪ˰ָʵŲء
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248 ҲԵģ
Ů֮˵ҲûʲôˡȻĿɶµọ̈̄ʼʱǳѹɱ˵˼ˣϾһԼˣһԼҪõĽãǡȻԼǰ飬ĳܶκһŮ˵¶Ǻѳܵġ
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251 
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ðɣѾˡͷȻ㶼ѾˣǾͰȥúýѵѵհɣý˵ޡ
Уϡ橵ͷ

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ҲĿɿڴû뵽Сʲô˵İԺҪСúóһˣлл
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ܽ㡣
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252 ɫӡ
ԭ̵ɢҲһʵﶼǧһ֣˭õһ¶Ҫǰˣһþò̾ͦõġ
ȻʵǲӣͲ֪ˡ
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ͷȿȡ
飬귢֣Ϊ˻ճһܣЩĵģ˽õĽţ࣬˱ϿǳĺãȻϣܹģԺԼܹЩС˵˹һܹ齨һĺ󹬣ƽദɣ
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Τ뿪СѾͷСԴԼͻصԼķ䣬·ԡңʹʹϴһ衣
ϴʱͻȻһ㶣ΪؿڴȻһӡǣӡǣǺɫƬӡǡ
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һɫųɲϾ˭ܹ֪ӡǵĳǺǻҪԼӡǸô죬Ͼǵ¿ռǸʹɫƬʱ̫ˣа˲ò


253 ɱ
ɫӡǵĳ֣ʮֲãҲûʲô취ȻһߣЩʵǶ벻ͨ벻׵飬ҲֻܰĪֻ̾һ
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ɣ
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ĻȻȻ͵ùˡ
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˵ͷ
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üŪۡ
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ϵЦݱȿ޻ѿ
Լš
߶µţ㶼ʲôˣ
˵أΤصɱ
ΰϽСҰ


254 
˵һ󣬱صԼķ䣬ڴϣ˼Źǰɫӡǵ顣
Ͼ̫˵ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻҵǲ˲̫ˡ
ţ˲һСʱĿһ䣬ϥ״̬
ʱ佥ȥ
ͻȻģʱؿڴɫӡǳ֣һâһɲǼ䣬оԼһռ
ռзô
ʲô
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255 
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256 
ĳʲô˰ɣ
һСʱȥֽл˼ǶԷûκλӦʱ͸о´ˣʱԼͲӦȥʹ飬ҪĻԷͲʲôˣڿɸôأ
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257 
˺ˣ˵Щˣ˵ȥܾҪˣ˵ģħڣôһأͷİɣԼ֮ķģһ˺ģȻˣҪϲĻǾҪóǿʵҵĽŲȻȻճദˣϲңǣһԸ
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ЦҪȥ¾Ҫˣ
ءЦ̧֣ɢҵãӣҲһĨ۵ٴһڡ
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˵ûûСģеһۣӨӨЦ𣬾˾ˣдĶʲôôӨӨ
Сſԣ̧СԴҲĿţһܰСҪһӣһ첻˵ϲرСǱ裬ӵϲ
ûлشӨӨĻЦ֣СӾӨӨԼϣСҪûΪԼ粻ϲˣԣԴһҪƽ
ΪϴΣӨӨϴһƻûиСϴȻʱСû˵ʲô˯ʱȴ͵͵ᣬ˵ڶ죬Ĵͷʪˣ֪º۵ĲˣСܰлҲ˵ۡ
Լ֣СһӾЦˣϳСѣ˹һֱֻţԼϣСֽıŸĸ첲
СϾЦա
պһֺۣЦ
ͬʱе
ǣҲûȥоʲôˣ˵һỰ󣬾ʹԺ档
ЦʱﺮĿҲЩůˡ
˺Ų裬ŵӡ
û뵽˺󣬻ָܵ⺢ӰСүү̾˿ϣȴǲϵЦա
ΤǰЦӦõİϾСС˵ǾĶ飬ȻȻҪǹϺõҰҪûϼһĻͷӵĺǾҪįඣ
ǺǣǵҲǡ
԰Դ㲻ôˣļңļҰҸ
Τǰ˵Ŀ⿴棬洫۵Цĵ紺ǰů
СүүĿҲ˴⣬ЦģϵЦݣˡ
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258 
ƴļ𣿡ٻٻһЩʮֲ˼ʵ
Ҳ˵ҲǵһңҲ֪ƴҽôǮҲӦõİɣ
ҽСǿǼΪƳġ
ĻٻٻҲ˵ͷ˵Ҳǣƴҽôϵò˶ȥˣƴǮӦõģҪĻǵҲӦÿʵˡ
ǰ˵ͷ
˵䣬˾ͳȥ


˾ˣĲȥ𣿡
ſڣӨӨʵ˹СӣЦȥɣ˾˻е£Ͳȥˡ
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Τǰ˵Ȼ㲻ȥҾͲ˵ʲôˣǾͻ
˵ͷ
⻹Τǰ֮󣬵һγС
ΰ˵㰡ǲ֣УͿҰɣȥˣ
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ЦЦҲû˵ʲô
ܿģʧ
񣬱Ҳֻһˡ
Ҳûѩĺܡ
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ϾֻֻûС
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ɶ˵绰ŵ绰Ͳþվɶ˵绰ҲͷˣϾһŮӣȻŹ򣬵滹еΣգģ֪ԷѾͺ߹ˣҲûʲôõĵˣϾ߹ı֪ģ£ɻûĶ֡
ٻٻͨ𣿡
ûУҴ˺һֱʾ绰ռߡ
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˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰


259 ˤˣ
ƴ˵Ͼ͹ǡٻٻʮֿĵ˵˰·ʮʹϾ˶ҷᣬǼĸĸôġ
ҳ֪ԼĺҪȥƴǱ㿪ʼ׼ϾƴͥжɲΪﲻãӶöԷˡ
׼󣬱С˹ɾͿˣȻ˶Թ࣬ǵ׻ѧЩСԣһЩͲˣڣĶǲᣬתһȦ󣬶ͷ϶ðˮˡ
ٻٻĻҲĵЦ˵ٻٻҪҵľͺˣʱǾӦô绰ƴǣ㡣
ٻٻҲʮֵĲ˼˵Ҵ˺ˣ绰Ҳˣƴܿͻġ
ţǴǿҪòһЩʧ񡣡
֪⻰˵˺ܶˡٻٻЩ۾һգЦ˵ǲǶƴǸ˼
ʲô˵һڡ
ٻٻЦ˵㻹˵ûУ㿴ˣ˵ģƴȷʵһǱɣϲҲܹġ
ٻٻٺ˵ҾͲˣҪץٻٻ
ٻٻϽ˹ȥЦ˺ˣͶʲôû˵Ҫϲƴ򣬿Ҫץ˰ҺǵƴԱߣкüƯŮӰ
һ٣뵽պꡣ
ȷʵƯˡ
Ȳǡ
뵽ɫЩҰ
ôˣ㲻ĽҵĻȥ˰ɣٻٻӣԶ˹ɴ۾
ѵСϲƴˣ
Ҳǣƴôȹϲ϶ԷҲܹġ

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ٻٻ˵ʲôأɫһ䡣
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Сһ
ٻٻɫе԰ףؿڣСʵƴ㡭ʲôʱģĻȥĻûˡ
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СںУ嶳ֱ£ҲЩۣ˵˵ôҲҴ绰ҪǴˣҲ涳ôʱˡ
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˵ġҡҡͷԺҪʲô£ܸҴ绰Ҫˡ
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Цˣô䣬ǲ˵ˣߣҵȥ˵껰ȥϵĶЩСģͿˣҲ˵ЩʲôϾС⡣
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ǺǣڣﻹǶ֡Цŵ
ô˵ٻٻЦ˵ƴЩɲᣬһˡû˵ȥˣΪѾжˣû뵽ʱ򡱵ƴȻô󣬲֪Ϊʲô͵͵һۣţǲ֪ƴĴϹôٻٻϹʲôأô뵽ˣ㶪˰
ʵҲѧУ棬ЩС˵ĶˣȻҲϰˣң䣬ⷽҲǺʱЩͷȻȻľðˣһʱ䣬ߵͨͨģӣ֪ˣЩٻٻӦ󣬺֪˵Щʲôˡ
ͻȻӣҲһ㶣ҲûʣϾ˼Ůӵ飬ԼҪˣ˼һ᲻˼ģ˵ˣҲʲڰֻǰ·˵ʵһ·ܹҵļˣ´ٹʱֱ˳·ǰߣһֱߵһСǰҹһף͵ˡ
ٻٻͷ
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ͻȻƯ۾գգһ£պ·ǳٻٻôһƣһȣһӾͳˤȥ

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
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˵Ϊƴ򻹺ٻٻ죬ԺȻͻ֪ٻٻԸˡ
˵ͷ
һСʮ־뱧һСŮֳŮҵһ档
ЦȻʮֻ졣
ҲЦݣߵĺܽ


260 ֣
ܿģ£СԼĿĵأֻٻٻƴڵļˡ
СҲһ
һ·Сﻹҿˡ
Цȥɣ㿴Ƕ춳ˡ
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һ㶣ЦȻˣҲǻУϾôƯôнأ
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ЦҪǺˣٷˢһˡ
ҲΤص˼
Ϊ̿ΤǰģΧڻ¯ԣ˵ŻŻ𣬱ʲôյҪůͶˣȻģΤȻ˵ЩʲôֻҪ˿ģҪʲôС
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С⣬ϾǿôƯ뾫£濾̿ȷʵеŹϡ档
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Сֱôһգ֪Ϊʲôۿеʪֻò
ﲻԼҲװ۵ģƷһǼҪɻҪǮﻹԼЩŮ
ʱѧУǰ˶Լ֡
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У֪˵Щʲôˡ
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Ҳ˵ͷȴţƴ磬ҲҪҵƴ磬һҪӡ
Ȼ뷨ǰʣڣȴͷֻڶԷǰԼ˶úòůɣޱȵ֣ǰûиоġ
֪˿̵뷨ЦŵðԺҾǵ״磬Ǻǣû뵽ӴֶˣţԺҪ˸۸ǣֻҴ磬Ǳ𡣡

СЦ
ޱů
ЦԹӣԻ
СץһѣҲץһѡ
ٻٻͻȻ˵ƴ磬ι˰ģǲڼǲ̫ͻ˰
Цûе£ʵҪǴ绰ĻǾͲˣҲûʲô£Ҳڼ˵ˣִôණⶼ⣬ҿ׵ġ
ŮӴĶҲǻ˺ܶǮҲ֪ﲢ̫ãǻȥʱҪú׼һˣϾǻôǮ
ЩǮɶѪǮ
ô˵Сһ
ǿɲƴ˾ãרһ죬ߺ󣬲Źģ
ȻСǶˡ
Τô˼
ЦǺǣǲǿֻһڼԵ緹Ⱑû˸ǰɣ
ٻٻһ㶣һЦ˵ǿɲǳʲô
ٻٻĻ㶣һЦҲû˵ʲôǿģʱһ˳ˣ˵ܹƴǰ¶һأ


261 ƻ
СһûзԵӣǺһЦ˵İɣƴ¶һ֣׼ǳ˺󣬻ٳԡ
ٻٻʮ־ȵʵƴ磬㻹
ҲʮĿϾһ򣬶ҿӻǸǮˣôأϾǿӦһŮ飬Ȼᣬ˵ˣǺܶŮˣû¹Դ˿ô˵Ҳʮ𾪡
ƴǶŶա
ǺЦǵȻʱҸ¶֡
ٻٻЦðð
ܳԵгݵķʹóԣҲĵģҲ˫ĿŹ⣬Ҳƴ磬ҺٻٻҲģʱǰ㣡
ǿˣô³أ
ʲô˵ˣƴ㻹һأ㶼³ˣǿɲţñЦ˵ǲأ
ٻٻǰԣһŬƴҲ֪Һǿຢӳƽʱʱ򣬼ķ˶ģҪҲˣƴ糢ǵա
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Ȼ˵պǲãֻǸǧѡ
Ц˵Իţ㽶ʲôģҪԣԼãͽﵱԼļҡ
գƯ۾Цţƴ磬֪
ٻٻҲЦƴ磬ͷİɣȻ磬ǿ϶ͻὫﵱҵģͱˡ
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ûһٻٻӰͳһ˵ƴ磬Һ⼸ļƻ飬ǿô
һ㶣Ҳͽ˹û뵽Сжô죬ƻ鶼Ūˡ
Ŀһ£ֱ˵ҿˣӦû԰ɣϾҲ̫ⷽĶǾܷģȻģΣƴ綼ǵģһὫٻٻļǶϺõ
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ٻٻЦЦ˵ĶԣǾǿŶģƴ磬ǾͿˡ
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Сͷһġ
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˵Ȼ̫ƯһʣϣС￴Ƿǳˣֻûвѡ
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ЦǺðϲͶһ㡣
Сͷ
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ٻٻ̾Ҫƴ翪꣬ºܶ˶Ҫʧҵˡ
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ٻٻЦѧôܹѧõҿƴԼгģҪ츳ͺˡ
ЦҲܴƴΪʦˣ
ٻٻ۾һ԰ң̫ˣҾҪƴΪʦոѧԺҾͿһ꣬ȫǮ̫ˣ
ЦҾһ¶ѣ˵գƴᴫ𣿡
ٻٻ˵ôᣬҿƴͲôĵˣȥ϶ᴫҵģҲ֪Ҫ뽲ոѧ϶ǳķʱ䣬ҵʱǲ죡
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ٻٻߣȻˣ˵Ҫƴ磬Ǹжð
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磬һʮ˵ˣӺһƿƣ
ͷƴ磬ǻȾư
ЦˣԾͺһ㣬ȻҪǲܺȵĻȥõϡ
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˵ͷУҲܷģҿ϶ὫǸģС
ٻٻЦƴ磬ҲаǾͽԼˣ
ȡЦǲҰǸ˰
ٻٻЦȻˣҪƴܳǣǾϲأ
ͷٻٻš
ЦЦҲû˵ʲôղֻǿЦѣûǷ˼˵һƣԼһƿϺЦĲɣֻһˣⱭƣҴҵļˣǱһǸ⣬Ҳף֣
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ָԼһЦİɣƴľǿԵģƿȫ¶û⡣
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ٻٻЦǵȻƴ粻˭ƴ磬Ҿ㣡
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ЦˣСҲܶȣ͵ɣԲˣҼиǰɣ
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ЦЦǺǣҲǸ˼Ա˵ȻͲٳˣҪǳ˿ɾͲˡ
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ٻٻ˵ͷұҲǲԸ⿴ģǷҪҿ˵£ǳģһΣǳʹҪѪ
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ٻٻԸˣô˦ˮҵģ
˵ţ˾ڳˡ

ͻȻӵڵˤ
Լһƺ
ֻ׷ٻٻʱһһӱһƨ˵ϣֻһɫޱȲ԰ף۾ˮת
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ٻٻһæ˹ȥӣҲȥԼ󣬻˺ʵôû°ɣ
ۿֱתСϵѪɫˣȻһˤòᣬֻ϶ʹʹٻٻҡҪˡ
ĻٻٻӵĵģΪӣĳʲô⣬ͬʱҲ˳ĶеһеĹӷ󣬱Ͻ˹
ٻٻͺǿ˾Ƶģеƴ磬ˤˣ
˵䣬ᶼˣޱȺڣҪԼ֣ô飬ذôӲôӸղˤôһ£һڶﶼľսοǴ˿̵ˡ
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ڵϣϲ԰׵ĶûѪɫҲһСôˤˣСﶼɵ˵ӣ˵𼱣ǻ𣬲µģ
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ͣеĶʵôˣʹ𣿡
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֪СǸλȻƣѣСﻹȻȻ˷Ӧһʱ䣬Сߵط˼ˡ
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ͷ´˵ɡˡ
ЦУȳȥ㴩úٽ˵仰˳ȥ
ߺһŽԴͷ̧ߵͨ죬ԣȻƨһ㶼ʹˣţƴİĦַ뵽Լƴ£ȻӦߵûˡ
վʲôĴú󣬿ŴԼԼŵĵطһ̲ˮӡԼһϢһʱվ֪ôˡ
ʱʵ𣿡
æáˣ
ǣ˽վһʱҲͷģʵڲʹ˰ɣ
СԴ˵ˣ
ЦЦĿ⳯ϿȥȻľͿһ̲ˮӡŸô˵Сﲻôʱ֪СȻͷ۽Ҳ͵͵ĴĿ˴ϣһǸλϣһʱ䣬岻һҪȥ
һϽȥ


264 壡
ȥȻȻС˵
һӾͰ
һϽãСﱻôһƣ֪ΪʲôֻòίӾ͵ӣһϽôˣǲʹˣ
һŵ˵ƴ磬㡭᲻ῴңΪһҪŮӣ
⻰֪СˣϽ˵а㿴ƴǵôãƴϲأ
죡
˵ʲôأ
ȻĻСͿĵĲˣȻ̧ͷҲ˵ʱԺȴһףϢô۸һС
û۸òá
˵㻹˵û۸㿴˼һСǱ㰴ƨǡ
ϽͣͣͣԭһֱڿŰ
ЦǵȻˣɷΧ֮ڵĶֻҪ뿴ܹõ
㡭
ʲô㣬û뵽㾹Ȼ۸˼һôָвɣ
βòã
˵βҪ𣬺ߣռ˼Сıˣ˵ģСﻹͦģӶҲصˣҪͽ˼Ҹ˰ɣ⴦ԪҵĻָǷǳģ
ŭ˵ʲôأ붼롣
ЦǿɲһҿС㣬ǲϲϱˣû뵽һͿ黨ǲݣǲʵ
˺ˣȥ˯ɣҡ
ЦߣȻҪһȥҿɾͻȥ˰񰡣ϧˡ
ʲô
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𰡣ңǰԼ𣡡
ߵҪĻһأ
˵ɣ
˵Сϣһ壬Ҫ˵Ļ׼һµĿޡ
ģ
˵˵Ļм٣ˣҼ˯ˣŮĴԪĶá
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ã˵ģԺʲôöָˣ
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һֱãɿվһߣͷһ˫СŤ½ǣҿ
ڣȴǿűߵٻٻɴ۾Ȼ˸ղһĻ
ʱҲֵٻٻ岻һһʱּղҲ֪ԼôˣһƬհףȻô󵨵ĶҪ֪ǿԼĳǣ󣬲˼ģܳ˷䡣
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265 ϴ
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ǰСôЩ˵Ķ֣ңȻѾ߹Ȼûʲôġ
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Цĺܿ֡
ΪǰŮʵǹƯ
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ΪëǻԺ

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ûʲô𺳵ı飬ΪѾ֪ԲҪȥ𺳡


266 ǲ
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267 ҶҪˣ
䣬Ȼûǰѩ·ϡԿǶѻŵѩԼˮԭı顣
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ɫƽأ˵㿴ǿЦ𣿡
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268 һӣ
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ڶԷ뿪ٻٻ˵ƴ磬ҸоùŹ֣ʲô°ɣ
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غޱȵļǰôΪԼļ˱
ٻٻ˵ƴ磬ǡ
֪˵ЩʲôΪƴܹԼ˼ɡ
ЦЦ˵ڣµģ
С˵ͷ
ﻹе㲻ⲻǲƴ磬Ϊĳ˹죬ͺڹƬƵġ
غһĿ⿴ͳ˵ƴлл㣡
ллĲ֪˵Щʲô
ЦлӦлǣ
ǵģû˵ҪΪǰ꣬ôܹƽ޹ʵõЩһǮЦôණҪϲģã
Сﲻ֪˵ЩʲôǺá

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ĿԷ޷ֱӡ
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գĿƽ˵ҸղҪĶãȥϰɣ
Էͷ˵õģ
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ԷΪѵ˵ϰֻһ
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Էɫһ䣬˵ðɣղŵĻû˵룡
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269 ͵
е㲻ϲΪǸװһͷ˭һͷԼϲΪǻ˳Բ·Σһ亹
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ЦЦ˵ԭһΪϲģϾΪµ𣿡
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룬ˣԼӦֻܽæܹӦЩ뷨
˵ҲϲΪ
㽫еıתһȦڻϣ豭ˮðһСݣһɸΪŨɢǳĺţ˲ԾĳУ˲֪Ĳˮ͵ĵطҲΪϡ٣ҪܺһЩƷеζҲûʲôˣˮĭԽԽ࣬Ž뿪˻棬ֱ˵Ϊʲô
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270 
͵ˣԼĽţҲˣӵԼţ׵κˣţȥˣԼ֪ģҲԼûȥģԣ͵ΣʵҲûʲôģֻҪԼС
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Ц˵лߣԺȻ֪Щֻе֣Ļ㾿ôģȷʵе档
͵ϵʮٱһиԴҪöˣķǳ֣˲䣬ΪʲôԷܹ׷ԼѵԷʷǳĺãȵϵЩ̬ɣȻȥء
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ڽѣǲܾģǰˣȷʵͦģȻϿӣѾǽ˵Լˡ
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غҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪һ뿪ģллǣǰƴлĶ飬غһӶǵġ
˵仰㱧ź뿪ˣΪǸһֱվе˼Ȼ뿪
죬ôǸװĵʲôΪʲôغƵǰӦôǾʲô
ٻٻĿ΢
ΪѾ뵽Щʲô岻оЩġ


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ƺ˵˼Ц壬һֻѣĸյѣ𣿡
һ
ΪĲס
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273 ɭĿ־壡
Ц벻𣿡
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㿴һۣ˵Ȼ벻ףǾͲҪˣְɣܾʵģ
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ط˵ȥɣȻǹǾҪľ򡣡
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274 ҪΪӵ
Ǹ޷飬ɭɫޱ־壬ԶףѾ̤˵Լһ˵ĳף˵Ӵͽһˡ
ΪһߵҪԣûа취ȥ˵ΪǸ
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ȷʵǳ𺳣ʧΪܹǲиܵǹɽǿ֪ԼҲǵֿ˵ģǸΪȴΪʲôֵܹΪⲻˣвŸ𺳡
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ϥڴϣ۾壬ģһ㱡̣ⱡ̼ΪƮ죬֣ǣΪڻţһĻǱ߿ἫΪĽΪ顣
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ΪԵʣڵ¼̳Ժֱûгʲô飬ΪЩӵԭòһˣԣ˿Ʈѩ÷ǳ䣬ܲů
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ڶһ磬һѽɺɺ˹

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Ϊܡ
۾ŨŨϲУһĨᶨ


289 ˭ҵ̥
һٷһֱ˺ܳʱ꣬ûгԹζˣǳԵر𱥣ɺɺǶ߲·ˡ
ʮĿţСͻᵽʱԵģݳȴǷ˸ۣ˼ǣôóԣܵԼ죡
ӨӨССһҲԼСӣడ࣬ܵǰҪ࣬ΪĳԵĺܱΰԱ߿űʮţѾͷ۾ֻ˾ϰֿԱߣȴһۣӵĹŮ
ӨӨȴʱ͸һۡ
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˷ǿ˵裬˵ͲҪˣϾ԰ɣŪʮûƢҪϻԣѶûˡ
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Ȼڳ˵Ҳ಻ȥǮ˵ҲİٰˣǶһ˵ȴǺܶǮ
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ںһ˱˸ǣǿ׵Ȼסֻ̾˳ȥԺǿԼĵַ߰źˣ͵ԼȥȻС㣬ʱһ
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ڸ磬ǳһǺóΪʲôֱӰѳ߰
ݴܴΪסʮС죬ͷһʮĿ󺺣һЩСܶƺΪڸ磬ƬҲҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬Ȼӻѱ߲ݣһ򶼲Ƭ£ƬΪǵԵʣܰ
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ڸ˵ûб£ҪǶϺӵģƥģǣ
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ƯŮ
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290 
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Ҳ˶ԺѾѩǳǳס˵ĸ̥ԣѾҵˡ
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ֱܶȥٴλصʱȻʱѾ޾ĸ¥ãҲҲǰ˿ĺۼǷǳĸпΪһĸı䣬ܸжΪ


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ڣһ𣬴İ
ΰָָϵĸ̥˶ˣԭʧֻЩ𺳣λúƫƧҲأΪкܶԺӣÿѡһԱɱǣΪʲôǰЩˣܹҵǵɫЩ𺳡
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ΪǰЩˣǲܹǵˣһǣͻ鷳


291 Ҳϲ鷳
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Ȼʱ˺ܶĽŲȻǺܿ˽ﶼʲôģ۵ɫһ䣬΢΢ž⣬ΪǰЩˣЩˡ
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һۣ˵ͷȷʵӦòˡȻһ˽޷ͨЩСܿĿ⣬ȴǳľηΪǵϴǡ
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ˣʲôˣ
ƽȴ˿־塣
ԼҲΪԼĶ˰ɣš


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Ǹ磬ղôˣôѪˣ뿪ԺӺǵĸʮֹĵʵ
ɫ԰ף˵ǸСӲ򵥣ۼȻ˳ˣôҲûбҪȥЩˣϾôЩ˶򵥣ǻСʻ괬
ĸͷ˵Ǹ˵ĶԡǸ磬ղŶѪˣҪҽԺɣ
ǻ˻֣˵ʲô鶼ûУֻ˵ѪѣͺˣǸˣǲ򵥰


ǵߺʮСųһղһǶˣҪĸ˶ҪУȻǵ߾ͷ˵ϣҵ谡ǰЩ˵ʲô˰Ƕˣ˵ǰЩĺݺͺǵĿʱеľη֮ɫӵŨˡ
˵ѾˣأҲԼ˰ɣ˵ȻЩȥѳ̥ãϾǻкܶȥˣҸоƷԻԲŰһѣȻĻЩ¡ʲô£
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ЦǸʶġ壬ҪˣԺпˣ
ǿ׽֣˵ƴ򣬶Ϊ㣬ǿ⺢ӲվԺˣҪʲôĲԵĵط˵ҪǲоʹͷӹҲҪȥˣϾﻹкܶأƴԺʱˣҺǿ
˵У壬ǿɾô˵ˡ
˵á
˵һһߵߣ˵ղŵлˡ
˵ԺЩˣúûŰɡ
˵ҿԸ𣿡
һ㶣û뵽ô˵
˵֪һͨˣһаҪȵġ
ЩЦãû뵽ǰ˾ȻԼˡ
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Ϊ֪ʱ龳£Ҫ˲ԼľҪǸˡ
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˵ǵġԻӦ
˵ĺܲϲ
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˵Ժ¾͵Ǳˡ
˵仰һסģһġ
ʱΰ˹˵ҪҰɣµı
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еһ£˵ң
۵˵ͷ˵һбµˡ
ʵЩֵأ
˵һὫǰźõģ·ϣ·ĺܲá
˵·±·ҪΣհٱ
һ۾ȴͽȻ˵۴û¹ʲô
̾һ˵ǺðɣҪһ£
˵
˵ȥһ¶Ժһ°ɣһºһȥ㡣Ȼ˵˹¶Ժסַ¶ԺȻ½˫˫ŵĹ¶Ժ
ۿɫǳص˵ͷİɣһá
˵ͷ
Ȼ뿪ˡ
ΰ̾һ˵һһӣҪξͺˡ
ЦΪʲôô˶Ұ
ΰЦ̫ˣ˵ģСҷĿܶ飬Ըıܶ˵ˡ
˵ֻһЩƽ
ƽ𣿡
ЦôûУҪУһҪС
ΰЦǰԲôŮϲأ԰Ҫһͺˡ
Ц
ΰЦļ˵Ǹ㿪ЦġΪӨӨ棬ֻС˵ְ֣Ļһġ
ԭ⻹һС


ǿ˻˻֣Ȼ˳
һˣȻ£벻
橿ŽЩ⣬ʵʲôģôΪʲôʰǣ
СЩ⣬ôڵʱ£ͲҪôϻģֱȥˣȫɷȻǻߣһ붼ޱȼǽΪʲôûôأ
һۣ˵һСңıģʲôܣܴ𣿡
˵˵ĿҲ΢΢ϣʵҲЩ⣬ЩΪʲôҪߣ϶˺ܶ໵£ӦҪݺݽѵһٵġ
˵̻˺ӡ
˶һ㶣ĿЩͬҲԣʱӨӨССѾͷߣҪ³ЩǴͷѪСѾͷͲ֪ôˡ
ǵģĲСѾͷǷ档
ΰȴЦ˵ֹһɡ
ðɡ
̯˫֣˵һ鷳ˡ
ǵģһ鷳ˣ̫£ϾЩҲҪԼ˵˭˭ȻѡԼߵ·ôһкҪԼеĸ
ңʱǱԼһˣ֪ԼôȻͲȥ۵˵鷳ǿ˵鷳Ϊ֪һˣˣʱܺ˵
ԣŷŹǡ
ȻҲ˵ʱ۾ľζ
ĻҡҡͷЦЦһ鷳ǿ治ǣΪΪһҽһǳ鷳飬ΪҪΪһҽҪ֪ܶණ±ͺ鷳
ԣĻû˻š


293 
˵˵ЦЦһСǰͣ£оЩ֣ȥôˣǱ㳯ΰȥΰЦǸѾס
˵仰Ȱ£С߳һӰһĺӣ˼ΰˣ˻֣죬ǺͰ׵ģΰ³Ǹžһ㾴һ񣬷ǳı׼
ԷһˣȻѾˡ
׳ǿˣҶ˰ˡرԹ
ΰЦ˵СӣСӿǹ̵ģôðɣ
׳ĸһжáغǺЦţʱҲ˳˹ΰˣһʶ˵׳Ҳ֪ǷģҴǹȥ󣬿ɲǳʲô°Ȼɾûˡ
֪ͷİɣѣܳʲô¡ΰЦ
ⲻǰк𡣡Ц˵̧ͷ˼ۣҲûж˵ʲô׳¾Լ£Լ϶ҪŸɺõģҲЩ֣׳򽣸ʲôѵȥɱˣ
ҡҡͷΪȻǲܵġ
ܿģĴ£˾һСԺǰǰΣе֣ѵľס
ȽȥĿɿڴĸоԭСԺӻıж죬Ȼеңһȼգһǳĺôһ飬쳹ͣǳ
أˣ
ʱһ˹ֽɽݹϵʲôģȻ¼飬׻ǱʲôģǱ㽫صѡ˵£Ȼ»ͦġ
ظϽӭȥ壬Щҵѣǹ򽣵ġ
Ŷɽ˵ͷ̵˹ΰ˵ҪЩʲô
ǶЩʲôԷɴ䣬ôΰҲϻ˳һ䣬ʵȻǾˣǶǰЩ飬Ҳһֻ۱һֻۣϾ˼ҲҪܰ·̫
ҪʲôɽüԵЩ̫ˡ
Щ֣Ҫ֪ǿ򽣵ģΪӦø˲ǣģܿǧ֮Ƶġ
ΰֻÿϾҪ򽣵ģʲôȻҪԼ
һ£ʵȴǿ𣿡
ɽһۣüͷĸˣɣ˵͵ȳǰȥ
ɺɺͷôǿĺòãǸǮģ
Ƣλʵڲ˼ظϽ˵ʵǰʱѾɽ˵ˣҪĸƢ˼Ҷ뱲ˣܹĵĹ
û£ǹȥɣҡҡͷȻԷ̬䵭ҲûʲôģڵΪΪڿһѽˣûΰ·治֪ǻôһط
ܿģ˾һ䡣
ڷһӣʮѽ͵Ӿһ˵򣬵ɺɺش˹ȥǻûеǰɽס˵Сԣǿɲ
ʲô
ɺɺΪԼˣ˵
ɽ˵ͷ˵׻˵ȻʲôʦЩҲǺľѪģԣҪһѣֻƾԼ۹ˣȻǲҲУھҲС
㡭ɺɺʵˣû뵽ϻģѹôལȥˣԸȥйأ
ҲЩ죬û뵽˻ͦԸġ
壡ʱҲȥˣϽܵɽԱߵ˵壬Щҵѣ͸ҸӰɣ
ʲôӣɽݺݵһۣҸӣ˭ӣҵĽǾҪҵĹأҪǲ򣬸Ͻߡ
ؿӣҲЩϾܹģΰ׳Ҳ̫ˣЩص壬ɲܶ˵ģ
ٺ١
ɽЦذǿ㸸׵ϣ΢չһ㣬ԹһЩˣҪ֪ƽʱæġ
Ҳˣ˸Ͳǽƺ֮Щìܡ
ʱɽҲ˼ȭͷ죬ĿЩ䣬ɽ˵壬ʲô˼
ûʲô˼ɽЦ˵ҵĽҵȻͲѵ㻹ôɣ
ãܺã
û뵽ɽô˵ǿǳϣѹû뵽㾹Ȼҵǰҵ
أɲô˵ɽ̵˵һ㳤Ը⿴ǾͿҿûţ˹˵ģһͦмġ
ΪʲôҪôط߷ߵĵ
ΪʲôɽЦȻΪʲôΪĹء
ǰûذɡüʵʵݵĹϵȻ˵̫ãҲ⵽ӣЩ֡
ǰûУˡ
˵仰ٿأǿˣôѡҪǾҪûУǾ͸Ͻ߰ɡ
ôҲ̫ûˡɺɺֱš
Ҿˡ𣿡
ȻЦ
ɺɺ˶ţǶ۸ˣ㻹Цʲô
ĿҲ˹֪ΪʲôҪЦѵķǳԲŭЦ
𡣡һ׳ϵܣӣǱһʶ
ôʶЦһҪлһء
ʲôŴ֪ͣʲô˼ѵʧķˡ
ɽӣһ̾һΪʲô̾أ
ĻԴЩΣ⵽ʲô
žžž
ʱһ
ԶһЩˣȵһˣ˧һѽǳĹӣѽоһ
ʲôˣغȵΪˣЩһﾹȻǸΧˣЩҪֵ˼ǵģȻⷽľԡ
ʲôˣ
ǺЦǵȻǺˣϼһղŵıݻͦ𣬿ϧǲ˵㣬û뵽󣬾ȻܹôһЩŮҷ޸ǳ
Ŀȵڼϣ´һ㶼Ρ
λŮ棬ȥһΣЦе˵
Щ֣Ϊϴ¸оĳֶǾǽĽ˷
͵ˡ
û뵽͵ˣǰˣҲǵһƼڵʵѡ
Ȼʵ׽УǺˡ
ʲô
Ͼ̫ƫƧˣҪΰĴ죬ܹ֪ط
ʱҲӦû뵽ǰǷģȻװģǸϿߣԼȻȴˣ㻹ԷһܣţЩǰЩ˵ʲô˰嶼¡
Ҫ֪ܹɽһЩģΪı඼ΪһЩﶩƣĻȻʶܶˣƾϵ˸ɽȥ
ǣǰЩ˻ʲôأ
ɽˣ̾һ


294 Ȫ
ɽ̾һվǰ棬ԷЩ˵ӣЩҵѣҵϣ߰ɣѽ͵ʶӵļˡ
ŷеǰѱĶڵѪΪѽ˵ǹŽϴģû뵽֪֪ϢȻ˹־Ҫǹıҡ
ޱȵĿ־塣
Ϊ֪ǰ˲ܹǵģĺܣˣҪߣϾмŮô˭֪ᷢʲô¡
֪ˡ
һУҲſģԲЦ
ǺǣⱾҵıѵҪ̰ӵıЦ˵Ŀȴյɨɨȥ
ɺɺнӴĺܣһ㶼£ݺݵ˵ʲôٿڳҲǿˣǰһﲻʲôˣȻ˵ı˵ԼģƤʵ̫ˡ
ҪҵӣЦ
ٿ㹷۶ûˡɺɺ˵
ӣǲǣŭ͵ˣȻڵûʲô£棬ǿǸ߸ϵģҪȻôܹõôһѺý
˿̣ɺɺ˵۾ǹۣŭ
˭أ۸ңҪұ𰡣ɺɺק䣬һӡ
ŷ˵£Լɣ
ʲôҹЦƵģСӣǲǣ֪֪С壬һָͷ͸ˣߣȻǰţӣСӸץЩ˶ˡ
ЩʲôģͲںֻΪ͵ˡ
һ˵꣬Щ˱˳Ȼһıڡ
龰ɽһΪ֪ǰЩһһȭͷȻǽˣЩܹмܵ
ǧ𡣡ɽϽ˵ӣͿҵӣȪϣǾͲҪΡ
ʲô˵ҷûбЩأߣǺôĵӣð⼸С椡
ž
һ
Ȼޱȵİ
˶סˡ
Ϊ֪ʲôʱѾվ˷ǰȻһ˦˹ȥʵøһϻһҲ̫ˣʵϣд͵ϳˣһֽˣֻΪߣǿġ
ҴңȻ˻ֱţǰһﾹȻҴһһơ
ܴ衣
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һ˹ȥ
ȻȻ̽ƣڷ㶼䣬ǰѱ˹
ʱڷӦ
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Ŵͣ㡭ǡ
һ֡
㡭ףһ˶ѣȻ
˵ٲҿɾҪν˰
ãݡڣѹסŭΪղҲûпôģôҲ˵һʵԼҪϺܶ࣬ðɣúǰһᱨġ
ҧгݵ˵һߡ


̫ˣҾ֪нڣʲô¡ɺɺ˹ʮֵĿģĸ첲ظϲ䰡䣬ȻСģЩȻܣǲұֳκģϾվء
ȻһĻѾͷҲ̫ˣȻҳԽĶϻȥҪú˵һˡ
ɽһĿɿڴΪû뵽Ȼô
Щһﶼˡ
һս˰
ʲôʱôˣݵӾƵģЩܽܡ
ҲĿ׳ĵܾܵ˲֣ǲ׳
һͨˣȻоЩ˵ʵҲ֪ʵĺϾԷôˣֻսһѣٶͲˡ
ϵܣ˲¶డ̾˵
ЦҾǸδѧһѡ
ΰ˸ۡ
ѧһѧء
λղŶԲסҰʱɽվ˳˱ˣȻͲҪϷˡ
˵壬ղҡ
ɽ˰֣˵鶼ȥˣ˵ʲô˹Ŀ࿴һ˵һ䣬Щ˿ɲһˣԺҪСˡ
ЦҪٸǾٴȥǡ
ɽоԼ޻˵ҲǣǰôãȻͲҪʲôˡ
ϣ
˵䣬еıӽ˳һ㶣ýҲѹǸҲѱأһѺý
Ȫ
ڽϣ֣һ˻治ʶ
ʶ𣿡ɺɺԼܵģǱ˳˳
ȪЦ
ĻɽһţĪҲΪȪģȻĻôʶء
ʦѽ𣿡ʵΪϲѽ
ɽЩԥ
ϾϴĽһѱȥأԱЩǣҲǿˣѽ⣬Ѿ˶ˣͱ緽ҪĻŷǸһ϶ģѵҪ
᲻ð
壬ҿ㻹˰ɣ׻˵ӢۣҪûϵܣѽҪˣﻹܹǮңûʵǳµġʱ˵
Ϊɽ롣
ǾˣȻҲѾϵ
ã
գҧ˵


ӵ³橱ǰѽǳ˷ܣæ˵Сĵ㡣
ͷİɣҲŪ㱦ġЦе˵
ţﺦŪǺ±Ū㰡
ϾⱦǷǳġ
ΰǰѽ̾˵Сû뵽ôǮôһѽȻǺý
ǮģİɣǮеءЦ


ˣˣ
صסĵط󣬷ܻҵĶˣû뵽ԼòײҵıȻ˸ˣԼ˸ƣֱܴ衣
Ӹûꡣ
侲ҲʼΪǸȻҪĶ࣬ҪأҲ֪Ǹ˭ǱǲĵģΪǽǴ˵еıȴ˸ˣһ뵽⣬ʹʹʹ
һСʱһ˽
ô˭𣿡ʵ
Ǹ˽˱Ѳ鵽Ϣ˵˳
Ļһ㶣ʵǸ˾㹫йϵ
ǵģСϢ㹫Ӽ棬ңط֡˵
üͷôأ㹫ôύһأطϢ𣿡
˵ԴطǸһｻֺ󣬾ҲûϢˡ
ɣŴ͡
˵طֺ󣬻ص㹫ȻûϢ
ã
һǸһ϶Ǳ㹫Ӹؽˣ㹫ӻйϵҪйϵɾͲðˣ
˵㹫͸ʮ˸ľ
Ҳݣô˵ƿڴôҪϢȻ˵һ˳ȥ


295 Ҳȥ
֪㹫ӺĹϵЩҶˣϾ͵ҲֻһСѣͶؼң㹫ӽʶһӶûˣЩ־塣
ôģⶼʲô°
˵ȻЩη壬ǶǰȪǷǳ̰ĵģһ£Ҫȥݷһ㹫ӣϾǰѱҪģ㹫Ӳܲġ
ǣ˳ȥ
˵ģڻ¯ߣŻɫǳĮȻƽ
վԱߣܵһѹͷҲϢģҲڸղҪȥǽû뵽ӣһЩĦ
˵ǰѽ̧ͷһۡ
̿һϽ˵㹫ӣȪģΪҿĸо
˵Щվ
Ҳû˵
ð
Щ֪㹫ӵôģ̰Ļãô֮أɡǲ̰أ뵽ԼһԼˣпܽԼ
㹫ӣطĺֵܣ֪طڣ̿ˮСʵΪְ̫ĥˣҲĺܿ־壬ͷ϶˺ˮ
˵ܺáȥɣ
ǣϽȥ߳󣬲ŲһѺˮˣ㹫ӹȻԶǳˡ
ţϽ뿪ˡ
뿪˽վԱߣղŷ˵Ļˣ˿Ҳ˼ţ˵үȪġ
֪˵ͷ
Ҫ˵ȪģǾǼٵģڴӷõϢͷǳļĿǷǳĻȣǣǰѽ
˵үҪȥɣ
˼ǣϹȥ֪ĽȪ͵ҲͲᾪˡ
һ£ʵڻǶȪ̫ȣ˵а𣿡
Цүô˵Ҳǵؼڵʵ͵һѽǿԵģֻҪСһͳˡ
С
һ£˵õĵطʵǵڶ۷壬ǵ׶٣Ҳ֪Ͼɱɭ
˵үˣҺаա
һƬ
һһۣ˵ͷ


صΤǰǰѽҲǳľ죬ҵ֪úܶǮǿ龪°ͣ˵СǮҲ̫˰ɣôǮ
еզ࣬ƽʱССһˣû뵽ȻǸ̡
ЦүӣҲ֪ҵҽһĸ𡣡
Τǰһ㶣Цĵ˵ͷΪ˵ȷʵе͸̾ͷһҽͦǮİ
ΰԱЦҲѧɲǡ
Τǰ˵ͷ
˵˼䣬ΰȪ˹ϸĿһڿ˼£˵һôһŶˣˣžͶ˰ɣ
ô᣿ЦʱұȻȲڣĶ֮ģοôһ
˵ĶԣԱ˷ܵ˵ˮ䰴ֳıͷ棬һ¾ͶˣҲ֪вУ
Աе㶼˵ˣôС
ͻȻһĿⶼ˹΢΢죬ݺݵɺɺһۣԭҪһ£Ȼקһͷʹ
ý㣬һͷ𣿡ͷ
ôġҪ
Һ۰ֱ׳˵
ɱĶˡ
˿̣橽ͷڽϣȻᴵһһӱ룬ۣԭݵġ
Ӧ˵дġƲƲ졣
һһʮ˷ܵ˵Щ˼飬ҪȥͷǣͷأΪСӵƷ̫ˡ
ǺöСүү˵
Ҷ˵ͷôǮôһöҲֵˡ
ʱյ͵ѽɣ
ңΰ˵˭ҪǸͳͳץߡ
յĻȴһΪδûпܣϾǷ͵ˣЩ˴͵棬Ʋˣδûи֣ԷҪǸ˵Ļ͵
Ҫ𡭡
Ц
ˣʱ䲻ˣ橣ǻȥɡ
߰ɣ
ˣ
Уȥǡ
ЩԸ⣬ΪﻹûдأҪСĹĵģһ·϶˵ЦЦ֪СѾͷģҲ˵ʲô
㲻ȥˣ
ҾͲȥ˰ɣ˵
ͽʮ˵
ǽȥɣҿߡ
Уȥ㡣˵ͷ
ԱЦеý㣬ͲͽʮӵǱ𡣡
ȥɡ
ˣԶ˵ý㣬ͺͽúǱɣҾͲˡ
˵껰ʧˡ
վǰͷ
ѵҪԼһǱ
ʵ꿪ʼû˼ģǼȻ˵ˣͶ˼Ͼô˵ŮѣҪܵΪһŮӦܵģɲڽĳһԼʱڣôĲ԰
һûʲôﲻӡ
̧ͷ
ȻͿ˲ݴѩ֣Ұ㣡
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪Լʲô顣
ϲ
ۡ
ů
֮֡
Ȼ˹Цϲɣ
˵ͷ
ܲϲ
Ц§סӨգ˹ȥ


һˣ
橱ĺ
ӳ˳ֻһˣһ㶣ʵýأ
Цָָ档
Щ⣬ߵشǰ㿴һĻѾͷǴ󵨣˶ѾʽȷϵˣҲûʲô˰ɣ
ڳ˰
̾š
Щ㯡
׶԰СѧУУѧ
ʱ찡
ŮѾˡ
ҲѾˡ
˹˳Ŀ⿴ȥŴͣ˵ɣýͽǱ˰
ྪѣϽ˹ȥ
ƲƲ죬˵ֲûпء
Ц⺢ӡ
Цɳ򿪵ӣһ˽橱Цеʵý㣬ζô
겻
Ь߽˳
ʲôҪͬӣеŲ˵һŵӣ꣬ǿ˼ҵĺӣɲʲôɵ¡
裬ʹӦҰɣ걧ĸ첲ϰ
С˵ûоٰǰһסһ𡣡
裬˵ҪᵽΤȥסһ𣬶ΤҲѾӦˡ˵
һ㶡
Ȼ֪Τ˭ɲΤǰ
ô죿
ϾүӶӦˣǻôܾ
Ůһۣôȥ
衭
̾һ˵ŮˣҪ뿪˰
δЩ˸С
˵裬ͷİɣҺ橻ʱģ
Ҳȥһʱ䣬೤͡
ҵȻȥˡ˽˷ܡ


296 Ϧң
ǵ˼ǡǶҪȥȥסˣзǳĲȻ֪ôһ죬ǣŮҪȥסֲᣬοҪᵽȥ
Ҫ˷ʵʹϵô죿ʱ֣ʹ˽
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Ҳǡ
һʱ䣬ﵱ顣
裬ҪΪ롣겻סΤңСӴһң׻˵վ飬裬ҪΪ밡
ǰ裬ҪΪý룬ңҲˣǸյģЩأգգۡ
ʲô
𶯣ɫ任һҲǣǸյСԼҵŮ񣬻ͦ崿أһЩСϲӵİɣУǺҪǺͶԷסľˣķʲôô죿껹
գ֪ģһ
ʵ飬֪Ķǳ
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ǰƲΪǾһħСƦӣڣȴ룬ΪֵķǳãͽδŮһ󣬱ͷ˵Ǻðɣȥɣ
裬̫ˡ
꾪ϲһڡ
ۣӦ˰˷ܵ˵
̾һ˵Ӧô죬ǰһ˵ǰ棬꣬ҪԼɲһЩܼ顣
΢죬˵裬ͷİɣҲˡ
Աߣͷи̣ýͽˣǶء
ݺݵһۡ
ϣӾ֪£һ˵ľˡ
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ȻĻҲ˵ʲôˡӾʮģ׳Ѿ˶˵ʲôҪǲ׼ȥҪ׳ԡ
ңҲСˣڵСһϲ˱˴ˣ罺ᣬ޲һҪȥҲ᲻ʲôԵ
ҴӦˣΪŮӼңҪǵñԼȻҪˣһǺܿĵġ
֣˵ʲôأʹҡӾĸ첲ӾЦʮ죬Щ̾Ůˣվ뿪ģԺֻҺඡ
˵֣Ժһʱġ
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еģûǣ⼸죬ЩóԵġӾЦ
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橲廰˵ǰհˣ˻ԡ
Ӿ˵ͷǳģţ¿ˮǻζϧˣ֪һƷʲôʱˡ


ص߽԰㿴ŽȻ䣬ѩȻƮ䣬һһȴ棬׵õĲǾĴУʹ˺ܶ飬ǵòе⡣
˹ӭ˹ȥЩ٣˵ǲǺܱôУ
Цⲻ㣬ԺŬȻͻյġ
յ˵ͷʵǻȥˣ
ǰЦô䣬Ҫȥɣ
ҡͷǿɲУһҪһ˲ܽȥ
Щۣ££ͷǰ㷢˵⽣һʱģҲˡ㿴ѩԽԽˡ
ЦŵҪȽȥһܿͽȥ
ˡҡҡͷ㶼棬һôȥţ㽫ңһ¸㿴㿴ϸһ㡣
ոϽ˹
ӹȻʩչ˵һʽ
ϼն
ʽҪ߶ĻҲֻʽѣõ߶ǿɾͷͬһ㣬ΪͬһֽһڵԺҶ˵еʲôѣ˿һ߶Ȼʼ䣬ϼȻպ۾ϼ
ϼϣů
ոһĻ΢΢졣
ʱȻǳ𾪣Ҳû𾪰ʲôϼʽģǣһʩչʽʱôܹϼأ
˿̣۾ԡһϼޱȵĲãҲޱȵº͡
һ㶼ˡ
ϼܹĽϼɣ
ȻĿεĽϡ
һһ
ޱ棬ǡ
Ϊĺֻɲǵʱ䣬ȴһӵʱ䣬յȻͼǵ÷ǳˣӡԺ
ԼӦûˡ
Ӧðɣ
Ȼ
һŵĸˣʲô


ΰ֪ʽʲôģҲûзϣһСҵģǹŪ̫ûˣռ֣Ҳûʲô취˿ڻ¯߿Ż𣬷ǳ⣬СҲԱд֣ͻȻ뵽Լû棬ѾһСʱ˰ɣѾͷͷۡ
ְ֣ȥʲôְվӨӨ̧СԴƫͷʮֿɰʵ
ΰû˵Ȼȥùˣô䣬ʲôʽҲ֪ʲô衣
ְ֣ȥСѾͷһվ
һվСҲȻվ
ǣΰСѾͷűߡ
ףôôã
Ѿ
ƽʱʱ򶼿˰
̧Դ
ȻŴͣʲôģ
СѾͷҲŴ͡
ʱ·𶨸
Ϊǿһ̫

ǵģǰѽϣͬһ̫ǳĲãһâ˷
Ϧҡ
͵Ƽҵĵڶʽ
ҪǴ˿ƼҵҲĿɿڴ𶯵Ըӡ
ΪʽҲֻʽѣʹǿ߶Ǻܹˣ
ǰѽϣĳһ̫
Ϧң
ǣ԰ȫ
ңƮѩֱڣΪʧ
Ȼ󣬵ϵĻѩҲڻȻΪ
˿̻԰ɾƵġ
Ϧ̫ˡ
մ˿𾪵ʽˡ
ôܣ
ôģ
Ҳ
ģ
ৣ
һʧ
һ΢΢ƾȪʩչн˵ѾǽˣˣһΡ
ǣ߶ʽҲǼΪķģ
һ£ƾǿģԼڣôԼҪʩչһεĻڵûˣ
ʱһͨˡ
ણ
ΰܼѵĽͺˡ
ҵĹԹԣ
Ҳ̫һ㣡
ôܣôĳϦ
ǣǰԺһѩûˣҸƵãΰҲòԼţһжġ
ۣ˾̫ˣˡ
磬
СѾͷĵĲˡ
Ͻ˹ȥ


297 ͵
ΰСѾͷܶӰϲɸֳ˿Ц֮ɫţС˾̾ʵˣֻеϧȻϧĿɲԼ
Ͼ˭Ϊָأ
ҲһΡ
ǰԼʲôˣƨı
Ͱ̾һţҪԼСôͺˣ
Ҳ˹ȥ
СѾͷΧߣǣС˷ܵĲˡ
СҺĽΰԱ߿˵
ʵѾһ뷨Ȼ뷨ɲҲ֪ԣҲû˵ϾϣԽ󣬿ʧԽ󣬵ʱΰƴŹ֡
ЦĽҲûа취˭ܲǷʹأ
ղĹֻҪ֮Ժ㣬ϣΪһ֣ǷĥҲ̫пˣΰĺӣҲµĲˣֻһξͲԸٴγˡ
ʵûбİ취ˡ
ӣв̣һ£˵бİ취
ģΰһץסĸ첲ǼĲˡ
˵ţ鵱УģҪ˽еĻһὫΪһֵġ
˵İΰЦ˵Ĳˡ
̫ˡ
ϾΪԼһϣûˡ
֪ȴϣԣôܹļ򣬴˵仰ҾͷˣǺúúһʹ졣


ΰ˺ܶƣȻصԼķϴһˮ裬㴩˯£͵͵յķ䣬ʱһ㶣뵽ΤҲһʱ䲻
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ΤԱЦŵСյķ䣬ʲô
˰죬˵豾ģţǽ豾顣
ȻΤѾ֪˵Ĺϵʱ̣Ǿò˼ϾڿǴһ˯£Ǹģ˸ġ
ΤЦվ˵ˣǿɣҲ̫ܿˣϾġ
ЦЦ
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ߵýԼԴĵ͵͵ġ

ⶼʲô°
Τߺڨڨ˵ҽô
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һ㶣΢΢Ķδɽ̫ܵһ㣬ôˡ
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һ㶣ƿ˱ӣ˱§סյ壬սһЩ˵ԼǸ˰ѵҪᱡԼ
ЦҾ뱧㣬ߡ
ʵպ޵ģǸˣȻҲͲˣֻûԼķˡ
ô˵̧ͷ˵Բ𡣡
ɵѾͷʲôöԲġ㷢ôһ壬Ƿǳܵġ
㲻𣿡Сʵ
ܡ˵
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һ£˵ðɣҺܡ
Ұ㣡պ˵Ȼ˱


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ڵ¥ϣһ¯ԣԱߣŻлһ飬߽غӵĻϣһۣ˵Сһ㣬ʱҪǲܵĻͷɡ
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ΪѾ׼һĶ㶼֪аա
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Ӹ¥뿪غӱչΪһǼʮɣǳĿ٣ʧҹɫûпΪҪǿĻͻкۼ˿̣һҹ£ԼĽģûܹϳ
ȪҪˣ
ƮڿС


շ̾ԼԺҪˣȶеˣȻصԼķ䣬񣬿ʼܿģһΪƮסĿӰ״̬ǹƵģҪͻȻ˴˽¾ͻһ
ҹ㡣
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ǵӰȼһƵģȻһɵ㽥ģ
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غȻһЦ£˭ҪεҲ⣬ĶٰʹãҲ۵ĵѪ
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һֽɰ
кܶãûз֡
Ӵ£Ѹٴ·Ȼ׷ȥ
Ҫ͵ĵ˭


غ͵˽󣬺ܿ뿪˱ǲ֪ΪʲôһΣУˣǣôأԼôأ˼⣬ѾεĸоҲ˵ǵУԲдôԼ˸أ
ɣǻ˭
һ뵽
ôأ
Ͳѹ
ֻ˭أ
ǣ㿪ʼȦӡ

һֱСʱغȻͣתԼ˵ѣȻˣǾͼɣһı
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û˳
غһһٴ˵ѣȻˣǾͼһɣ
Ȼ֮ʣȻչٶȣľˡ
Цȥ
Ҫ֪͵˵˭ûа֣ǷЩ˰ɣҲû뵽Է󣬾Ȼĸ֡
غһȻٴͣ
˺ӱߡ
غеǸоԽԽŨˡ
ѾȷԼһһˡ
ͣغӣԼߵĺˮüͷ
һﲻӰɣ
ҪĻЩѰˣ
ˣԼǣȪɲʧ
ţӰȻ֣ȻغӵһУȻӹȥ

Ȼ
غţһ㶼䣬㵽ǰٶ߶ǿ쵽˼㣬һƵá

ɾʱغӰγеȪ
Ȼһй˹ȥ
ѩɢ
߶ֻУһѩ֣ȻƮȥ
ÿһƬѩž˵
֣̽һն¡
ϼն
ϼ֡
ѩʼЦݡ
غӵһ
ϼն
Ļᡣ
ǣΪʲôһﵽôѧģ
һĻ𺳲ѡ
Ϊؼҵ߾ѧطʱΪԭǽⷴطϣӶطڡϼն
ǣʩչ˳
ĺ˲伱٣ǰδС
Ϊôһʵ
ؼҵľѧôѧᡣ
ԤУҪ


298 غ
һغһαУô˵ǵĸ֣Ѿһǿߣױܹѹ𾪵Ȼٴγ
졣
÷ǳĺ䣬һֶĺ䣬غʩչ󣬾ͳ˹ȥɫûʲô仯ٴγǰһն
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Ȼһжڣޱů
һûٸᣬնȥȻǰѽ˹ȥغɫ䣬Уʽûʩչ־ץ˽ϣȻ΢΢һЦ
һ˹
飡
غӷ˳ȥ䵽ѩϣֻоڸղһ£˺һײƵģôӵôǿи𺧣ǰССˣˣҲҪˣǸϽ΢
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ڶʽϦҡ
Ȼ
غǰգһΣȻͷ֣ܹоʽĿֲϦңĻᣬģôܣؼҵĽıѧˡ
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ҪϽתͷϺˮ£ͶҪɱҡޱȿ־壬ΪһҪնԼɡ
ƽĿ
غӸϽ˵غӣ㹫ߵˣԴ֪ܶ͵ϢĺˣΪԽǱֵƽôɱĿԾԽɲ
û뵽ȻôԼͲĶ֣뵽ԼȻ͵ǿЦҲһɻǾôܹܹǹģʲô˲Ķɣ
뵽طսһĻ
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еȪ²뽣УȻ˹غǰغޱȿɬֻýŵժĶ֣ҶԷҲѾ֪Լݣڣʲô塣
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뵽ղŶԷʩչġϦҡ̿ˮ
˵˵ɣ֪Ķ˵ʵϣĺ֪͵Ц⣬˳ӿʵ磬׻ĳ˭Ҳ֪
̫ˣҪȥҸС̯ɣģغ˵
ڻС̯ڶҹﻹгԵĵطô䣬Ͷˡ
ߣҴȥһطǸطһʮСʱšغ˵һ·ܣҲǳҿ࣬ڶҲЩˣҲ׼·
˵ðɣ֮ǰҪʹõСֶˡ
Ҫʲôغһ
ӴԺҵԵװɣΪ˷ֹ㷴ѣֻöõֶˡЦſ
غһҲûʲô취Լ򲻹ԷˣԼʹʩչֶΰɣţȻص͵ЩֶΣȻа취ܹ
ţ͵˵ͷ˵ʩչɣ
֣̽ϼ˼ƣ̣غӾ͸ܵһϢԼϳָ֣оůůģһɾ޴ʹȻϳ֣ͨһܲס
ҡ㡭ͷູˮ
һʹŽɢȥ˵ôðɣ
غӸ˵ʲô񣬸ħһ㣬һﵽԼʲôôôʹֱ࣬궼Ҫ˺ˣĲȥһΡ
û뵽㻹ֶΡ˵ûʲô
ϻţܵҪѧһЩ¡ЦģֻҪ㲻ѣʹ࣬ǲܵڶεġ
ԸءغŭɫЩ԰ףȻ˵ڿ𣿡
ˡ˵ͷ
ȻһǰȥգһС̯ǰСԵģˣû뵽ѩϣ˻̯
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쿴һۣû뵽˻ôһ˼
һ̯һԷޣ˺ܶˡ
˿̿غӺ˹¶ϲɫ֪ԷӦΪʶغӣôĵģʵȻ
ˣ
ţɣغ˵
л綼˰ɡԱ˵
ܶģǳԲġغ˵
Բ꣬ǾߣһֱΪֹЦˣ˵˵͵°ɡ
ðɡغӵ˵ͷʵҲ˼ĻԲȻ˻ȥѩģô䣬ţһĥ˵ͷ綼ˣкܶƣӣӦʮ˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ǵĺǸʲôԵģϵģ˳硣
˵ɡغӣ˵
ţ͵ϣܹһˣǱ͵ϵĴƿصġڶǶ̻ᡭǵ
ȻѾΪˡôغӾͽԼ֪Ķ˵˳ʵҲͦģѾǵʵˣ͵϶һˣڣȴΪ˱˵СܣԵףҪǱؼҷ֣ľ
ˣֻһһˡ
ǰһţҪ֪ôˣ⵹ùߵġ
ʱڣܴĻܶ࣬ӾͿʼغӿӵһ㶣û뵽˷ģѵͲԼһģȻ¶
ôԣͦóԵİ̧ͷ
ŶغͷȻ󿪳
û˵⺮ҹһ磬ͦġ
ܿ콫һ˵һ롣
غ
˺ܿ˹ӹ룬˵Ҳһɣͣģ
һû˵ʲôܿʢһŵǰ
ȻͿһ룬ʢһЩߵϰǰһԣҸӣĺҸ
㿴ϻŶãҪɱɱء̯˫֡
ҪΪܺúûţ˭Ըءغ̾һ룬ǴɱɱӣͦĵģңԼôĻ䵽ľء
Ĺùġ
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İɣеǰ취غ˵˵㹫Ӻܿ㣬һҲͦõģٶкô
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Ȼģĸƭ㡣غ˵ҪΪңҪߣ͵Ϊ쵽磬ܴģÿʡÿУֻᣬһҩ֮꣬Ժͻᷢ߻ԽԽģ
˵ͷû˵ʲô
ȽлغǮˣȻûдֽ𣬵ǳȥһ󣬾ˣҲû˵ʲô
ˣ߰ɣҪʲô飬绰֪ͨҡ˵
غӵ˵ͷ
Ҳûʲô취ֻʲô鶼ˣҲ֪ǽƵܲܽ⣬ҪǲܽĻԼһͱˡ
ߺѩվһû뵽͵ȻӸ󣬸˵ǣôһЭ顣
ҪܹĻ˵һ
һСʱص˱صԼķ䣬Ȫźãٴοʼ
ĸˣΪδ͵ôһȻ˭Ҳ֪׻ᷢʲô¡
ȻʵԽǿ󣬾ӵԽĻȨ



299 ȵ绰
ʱ۾һҹʵָ˲٣ţҪЩʲôأţʱˡ
Ȼ˴ϴһ󣬱档

ܼ򵥵飬ȴк塣
˶𴲣ΰ˵ڣ㵹ɶˡЦЦЩС£ӨӨССѾͷҲĺϲķҪһ첻һ٣¾Щ
ͺҪ˵ʱĵ绰ȥӣȻȥ˵ģ˹ȥ˵绰绰һ˵ޱˣʶΪҪȥͬѧ½
˿һӣҪƵġ
½ôˣ
Ҫˣ
ɣ
ľͻᣬɣҸַҿ첻ˣڷưɡ˵仰͹ҶˣЩ㶣һﵽôˣôͻȻʹ绰ˣʲôء
ôˣվԱߣԶʵ
˵½ĵ绰Ǳ߳˵飬Ҫҹȥһ¡
Ҹȥɡ˵
ҡҡͷ˵ˣһ˾ˡ½ھưɲʲôóԾͲչȥңҲ쿪ѧˣԼҪÿ˶Լ¡
ô˵Ҳ˵ʲôֻõСһ㡣ʵϣ֪ʵģϣӦúĶ˰ɣǹĵһ䡣
˵ͷ
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ȥûжתתһ´󺺱˹˵ʮ㣬ȻһЩµġ
˵ͷ
Ǿ͸߰ɡ
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300 ̫

һҽһŵߵĲᣬͽŭ߷˳ȥײɳϣȻֵǸһײƵģͣ󣬹ŭڵϣЩģ´󺺿һĻǲ֪Ǻá
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Ϊҩԭ˵к֢ʼʲôǣڣһ߹ȥ³һѪоȻͲһˣжˮǧɽƵģˡ
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ŭһԼķӦеЩգԼˣѵɲǰһ
վԼӦһսģ˵ˡ
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Ҳܹоһˣ硭ҽ硭ղŴݵ硭ôǿ֡
ԡ
һôĴȰ
ԼҪţһӶ֣Ѿˡ


301 ҵ
ŭû뵽»ݱ䵽棬Լţƣǿ󣬵Ľȴôһ棬ĺЩ٣ɫһĨ޷ε𾴣ʱ̬Ȼǰı仯˵һ֡
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վƨɣʱЩЦΪĺʹԼбҪҽԺȥһˣ׾ΣĿЦ΢ЦΣǰˣ顣
ŭһ·ɣһгԵġʱ½𿪿ڣ˿̵ֻһ£һãԼԿܶĽӡ½ڹŭĳޣĺܴ󣬵ǰҲֻһǶѣ˵̫ࡣ
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ͻȻŭһʮСĵʵҸ׹һܹҪȥô£ôȻͬԣϲŮɣϲɣϲȾưɣ
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Сʱȥ󣬹ڸϵڿһ˲Ҳ㶣û뵽ᣬһѾ߱ǿʵһ콾ĳɾ˭Ԥϵ
ŭ֮ìܸͲʲôǧѣ𣬶ֻҪܹõǰĺøУֱԷһôڶǮҲں
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Ŀ±ߣһҪôҪô


302 
½еļԣ˫ĿŹ⣬ǲֹĲǣҲŬĿԼԼƽһԼʵǰ̩ɽǰ治ɫľء
ŭĿ˸ӡ
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309 
ܿͱ÷ڣĸʳҲ졣
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˵صʱյһ߽ΤؾͶСһ춼ʲôȥˣҲ֪绰
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жգһʱҲ֪˵Щʲôźãգʲôû˵ˡ
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˵СӦ飬Ҫ찡
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Ц֪İɣ
ã仰ҾͷˡΰҲ˵ʲôˡ


ι橣ҷʲô
ʮܽķ䣬ЩԼ˯ĺúõģСôܹˡ
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ý㣬Ҿסһ˯橹ϡ
ҿûкͱ˯һϰߡˣȥɡ
УǾ轻Ҫҿ㣬ôýˡЦĵ
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ҿûϹ˵ҡҡͷҪ㲻ŵĻԴ绰һȻ֪ˡ
ôˣʲô绰̾ңǲġ
ǿɲһŶʮʱ͹أϾôһֻܿܳԣ
㡭˵ʲôأ

ҳһš
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310 
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СԴЦȻϲǾ͸ɣ
˾ˣ̫ˡ
СѾͷһͺֻСӴһ𣬲Ҳ֪ΪʲôһֻССѾͷƣܵߣ󣬾ſϡ
ۣ̫ˣСӶϲ㡣橾ŵĿҲ˹Щ棬Ҳо˼顣
СӻˣȻߣߡ
ЦƷðɣ

ȵϵʱСѾͷ˯ȥˣڽֻСӴԼķ䣬Ȼ󣬿ʼ飬ȻһֻһֻжԱȣ˾档
ССӾȻڷ⣬װ׵ëЩɫȻϴ壬̵ĽУСӵ۾ԽԽҲԽԽ鶯
ϵע
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Ҳ̫ˡ
ֱǲ˼顣
ıذ


СӶԻʱķɺɺ˯ˣȻŵߵǰ򿪺ķǰá
һ㶣ڶʮˣ治ɣˣ
֪Ǹø˻Ǹ
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Ƚȥ˽ǿſյģԺů紺һ㣬˰
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ڸʲôأʵ֪Сӻãǣ֪ʲô
Ц۾Ҹһϲ
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۾һʲô͸ʲôӣһӾͱûȣӵס˹ȥ


СӺĿһĻ
Ȼζɿ꣬ϾСһﻹأ걻ɿҲһ
衣ͻȻ
һɣҪԼ裬ô찡Ű취أͻȻŴͣԼʲôģ
ϵֻСӣһվϣ˽裬жôˡ
۾ֱͲš
졣
Ȼġ
ֻСӾȻ衣
衭
ǷģĺһƵġ
ҵ졣
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꾪


311 ĺǿ
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ǣܿˣΪĺʹ
ȻŴͣ۾˼ĿֻСӣȥ𣬺԰죬ĲΡ
ϾһˣΤˣԣΰǳĲ˼飬󣬸һľ֣ģѵԼԽˣȻСӣΪʲôأ
ΪСڶȭͷ˼·ǣϽ𴲡
ҵ졣
ΰ



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ĺÿɰ

һڣ˹ʮȷԼûΣҲ˵һСġ
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Լ̯˫֣Цðɣҳϣһжйء

һţйؾͺãǾͲ˵ʲôأΪһ˰ʲô첻أ
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һҪһܷŹģСӺÿɰƴ󣬳Ķ䣬۾ôԽԽ뱧һأ
ҲҪһ
ҲҪһ


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졣
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СЩίǣܵĿǰΧתһȦ



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ӨӨ˹ȥĶͷԼģûհ
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ˡ


ߺ߹١
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313 һȥ
ڣҴѧԺҪˣҪ㱣˵
İɣҪ˸ҹ̤ҵʬ塣ǿǳ˵ģΪĶˣҪ˸ҹƻôҪǿŭ
Цˣǲ˵ҾͰ㿪
һСʱȥ
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ȥϴɡ
ǵģ
ڣǿ֪˵Щʲôˣûκܹ飬ֻĬĬţԺԼ͸ˣûκܹ˺̤Լʬȥ


ڶ죬ܲΰǿ֣ЦΪˣ
ǿ˷ܵĵ˵ͷ
ǰǲ顣
ΰЦȻˣԺͺú
ǿ˵ͷû˵ģһù
Χڻ¯ԶԷʱһϢǾ˶Ϊһߡ
ҲԣΤǰЩ㶡
ôˣܹΪߣ
Цŵͷ˵ȻԣֻҪΪߣһܹĺܾԶ
뵽˺߹ǰٶˣʵھˡ
ΤǰǺЦǾͺðӹô֣ôͷҿҪ죬ţôˣҲҪ
ӨӨգſɰ۾ʵ˾ˣҲ𣿡
ԣЦŵ
ǣ߹ʽ
굱ȳΪߡ
ԼӨʯһļжˡ
橴СҪΪڶ
Ȼ󣬾Τء
ȻСѾͷ
ˡ
Ȼ󣬾С㡣
⻹˵һСͷ˵
ЦҲ֪ﵽʲô£ǣһϲܹ£Ժ˵ţĺܲ
ллСĵ
Ǻǣⲻͺܺ𡣺ˣ㿪ٵɣ
һСʱСҲٳɹ
ڣ˶Ϊߡ
Ϣһţ˷䣬ֹӣЦİɣҾ͹ȥҲΪߡ
̫ˡһ˷ЩĵҪҾ˯ɣ
ˣЦ
ţðɣԺɣΪûоãȥյģﻵˡЦһ˳ȥ
ҡҡͷϴһˮ裬Ȼͷһӱûյķ䡣
մ˿ڱ￴飬˽ЩɬΪȻ֪ᷢʲôҲЩڴ
Ц˱


ʲôܹǳΪߣ
Ϊ绰ԵʣӾûгȥ˿ĻĲ豭˦˳ȥ
ȴǲĿżˡ
ߣʲô
СĿԣͽȻӾͼ
˵ͷ
ġ
ԼгΪߵһ졣
Ӿڶ֪˵Щʲôˣʵ̫˷ˡ
ԱЦеĵ˾ˣҺýڶѾΪˣ㿴ǵƤúŶ
ڣױƵĽӾǰ
ʵ꣬橣ߵʲô
͡
͵ɴ۾е˼飬ϣߣңԼҲԳΪߣҲߡ
ҪǰԣһоͿԡ˵
ǵģһжԡ
Ϊ˭أ
׵顣
ҪǱ֪ˣ£ûܹ
ϾҪΪһ̫ˡ
ֱǿҡ
ãҪΪߡգӾڣϣ˭ΪߣӵǿʵÿһԵĿ
ǣͳΪһߡ
һֻһˡ
ԣסһ졣
ڶ죬ҲΪߡ
ڻûлǰĲ֪˵ЩʲôˣΪԷĸ̫𺳡
裬Ůѡĺðɣ걧ĸ첲ҡ
úúá̾һ˵ۼҵѾͷ۹⡣
ǵȻ̵˵


صϢһ죬Ȼ͸½һ绰½Щһֱĥ飬˿̵õĵ绰ƨƨߵ˹
һ仰ǣͿԳΪߡ
ǣ½ͱO
ȻûκľͳΪߡ
½ڶоԼΡ
ڣЩȴûˣȻȥ֣ǺܿϧҲֻõһѡ
ûͱúѰ
½˺þò̾һ˱ȭ˵ͬѧлĻͲ˵ˣҴǸˡ
ѾΪߣֱ컯
컯ͬѧ͸Լġ
ԣ˵ЩʲôأԺ˼Ǹˡ
Цƻôˣ
˵飬½˵Ҫȥһ
ǣʹ绰ٻٻ
аڻûпѧҾʹŴҹȥɣٻٻ̾ʮ˷ܵ˵ﲻ˷ܣֱ˷ˡ
ϣˡ
УǾһ˰ɣЦ
Աߵ˾͵Ǹһȥ
СѾͷҲͷ

ȥģֲȥεġ
С£ţͷҲһȥɣɢɢġʱҲ˵
ѾΪߣǱϴһ飬Դ˿̸оʹòǰȥΪˣڣպþȥˡ
ã˷˵Щʲô
ҿҪǶȥɣҲһΡΤ˵Ҳ˾飬󲿷ֶˣںɡ
˿˵Ļ飬ٻٻʵٻٻӦ÷ǳɣ
ٻٻͷ
Ϊͨԭļ磬ûбĺ͸ɾƵġ
ǺǣôˡΤǰһ
ãôˡ
Ȼȥ棬㿴ôˣһγɣңպЩΪɽĺЩΤصϰ壬ܿ˰š
˵Уɣ
ʵҲȥġ
ǣҶж
½ȥϵ
ϵú˾ϳֱӿ̳ǰȻͣγֱӿ˺ţȻɱ̳
·
ߡ



յĲֺ
Ϊ֪ˣٻٻļ磬ԣЩȻҪˣǮ˵ģԾ͸Ӳˡ
˶ֱӽ˱ͣá
ΪڶŹȥ
ˣԴ𣿡ϣСķ˹
ԡ˵ͷ
СһеͰ͡
Ǳңڼ￴ŰɣţҪչ˺ԼСףСңҪչ˺ǣŪˡ
Сһﴹͷɥ⡣
ûκΰ취
Ͼ˶ôˣôܹܾ
ڶ죬ٻٻĸԼ˹
ҪȥԼļ磬һҪԼļ磬һҹû˯ţ˹󣬾ʹ֣Ļ˵ˡ
壬Ǿ߰ɣ
Ц
˾˳ǿǾˣֱʲôῪ˿̣;緢ֻ£ԼѪˣڽг̣ڴ
˶ڴ
Ҳû뵽ͻȻͱӡ
ҲãڼסľˣȥɢɢҲá

һڣЦ


314 ·ϰˣ
ٻٻļ磬λڴɽ뽭ǲ߰˰Զľ룬ҪǿĻһء
ůţҲ䣬ңһ·˵һ·ҲǷǳֺǡ
Ȼ˺ܶ˶ҲԵȵģһ·į
λϣ˵Цңٻٻ˷ܵ˵ҪҼ֪ȥˣ϶ǳ˵ġ
ǰһôණ϶˺ܶǮҲп
ǿ˺ܶණȻˣҸŮǸԼģǣô˽ȥҲһ⡣
ȻⷽȻˣôˣһߣͬһˣȻԱܶණԣͲҪǡ
磬콫Ӵ򿪣ҪӰ
ͷ˵
ãʹ򿪡
ǿ˵ͷ
гصӣܿģһƬǳݵģǳĸЦȻһܶ˶ϲ
Ͼ˶ǿݵĵӰġ
ʱʵ˵һǸ𣿡
ٻٻû˵ߡ
Ļһ˼ڿǿȾҡҡͷֻ˵ܣӰǣҿǷǳģÿӰϳкЩζΣҪǵĻӰɶˡ
ǰҲôģ԰ҪпܵĻǾȥɣҲǵһԱϾĺϲңǣöö࡭Ц˵
ͻȻ̧СȭͷЦţôˣԺһҪҡ

ʱȥЩǣңЩǼأ˵ģҪܼǵĻҲߣҲһ£ϾϣǶݼӰϾͣҲˡ
⵽һӾͷſˣϾ˭ûмϲǵģҲǼǰѡ
ĳΪߵĻ£ͦ˼ġ
뵽뵽һˡˮĺ̡
ϾҲһǣȫһʶЩˣţҪлĻȥݷһ°ɣ
ţҲ¶Цݡ
Ȼĵ÷ǳ𾢣ǣٻٻԼȴ֪ǵ˵ʲôȻС
ĺܣһӾͽܸ˵˳
ߣ
ҵ죬ʲô
ðɡ
ͶСԺͰԼսˣҲ⽲ǱߣٻٻĸףҲǺкøеģˣ˼ĺܶأ
⡭ǣһ˵õȮ찡
ҲôһˣȻҪΪߣԼֶֺΪأ
Ͼֲ֣
ðɣٻٻѾˡ
ߣƴ磬ҲܹΪߣ
Ȼ֪ߵľʵҲӦúӡ
橲죬ǵȻˣҽڣʲô鶼ԡСݵĲˡ
Ůǿ
Ҳ͵˵ͷ
Ů˲ü١
ǵɴ۾
ǰЩʲô˰ߣҵˣ
ǳļ١
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˵ͷ
ģĴڡ
ע⣺Ļ֣Ҳ˵֪ߴڵġ
һݵСϰ壬ô֪أ
˽ĿԼϣ͵˵ͷʵǴɽǣߣǵǰѾϾ˴Уû뵽ǾȻߡ
ǳļ
ϾЩϢɶ汲ģǰҲֻǵû뵽䣬Ȼߴڡ
β
ƴҡҲԳΪߣҲˡ
˵ͷ
˿ֱ̣λȻڳʮȴת˿̼顣
أĻȴ뷨
δɽ֮У벻ջɣ
ĸо
Ǿ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬е棬ɽʲôأ


У·ڡ
һһŮһӤڷѩеų
ľ꣬㿴ô䣬ҪǴ⳵ȥɣǸ۵˵ʮ䣬۾ʱģֽһԱλӣľꡣ
ľڱźӣĻ˵ٶ⳵ôǮܵܽͽˣ˵ʲôҲҪϻȥȻɩӵģ˺ݺ˵
ǣô䣬ӻŲҪҴ绰ȥɣ˵ʱٻȥ
Сľܾ̾ҿɲñ˵лһͷİɣûµġ
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ʲô׵ܵܣҪˣģȥʲôңӶˣôҽԺβãϼңСϣأľҲЩϾԼΪãΪ˺ӺãҺʲô
һ̾˿
һ۱ľ걧ŵĶӣץ˼ͷ
궼ʮˣôһ´ĶӣϲĲˣǼǰӾ˲ȥ˺ܶҽԺ˵ⲻ󣬵βã˼Ĳˡ
պý죬ܵҪ飬ľɩӵģ׼ȥ£ʲôƫҲ˵ء
ҲʵǼûа취ˡ
ʱԶһ˹
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ҲǿŻкӣģһֱ棬ܺ𣬶ô졣
ϾǿȻûзء
󣬳һľǰͣ
˵һ㶣û
ǿ̽ͷιҪȥ
һϽ˵˵ַ
˳·
ǿҲûԥ͵պ˳·Ҫɡ
ۣ
ллأ
һľֱǴϲ
һöϳʦлл˰ľϽϲ˵
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˴ĶҲ࣬˳ҲϽȥæ
£⳵ﻹкܶλԼǰʮˣţѵһӣȥεģϾ٣ɲһ
̫ллˣľǳм˵
棬ֱ硣
Ȳݸˡ
ллллһϽӹæлжĲˣⶼǺ˰
ӳ˳飬û˯ã涳˺óʱ䣬һȲů
ڵˣǲۺӣģ涳𡣡ʱΤǰ˻
ľ죬֪˵Щʲôܲۺ𣬿ǣЩҪ
ȻϾҲиж
ʵӡ
˼ңǼҲм£һϼҵĳҲѾˣҪĻҲ׼ȥ⳵ˣһһȲ󣬻˵


315 ӸǺˣ
ллˣľʱҲ˵
ҲûʲôǸպ˳·ѡЦ
˳·˳·СĽе
Եġľʮ־̾˵Сģһۣ;ڲͬ
ллллСĽе
ľһӱˣһҲʮֲĿͷģû뵽Ȼܹ˵Ļ
ΤҲЦ⺢Ӷˣ
һˡľ˵һ˿ꡣ
ɺɺתſпϣЦŵкŮ
ǣкһ˵
ڹ˴ڣǶǴϼϣȴȥǲʲô°ȻĻҲˣΤغʵ
ľ˵ɷܵܽ飬Ҫϻȥ

Τص˵ͷȷʵô춼ҪϻȥģһʱͳǮѡ
˰֣պ˳·⳵ģԲҪǮˡ
ôС
ǺǣҪǮĺܶĻҵҲ⡣ͻȻЦеĵһ֪˵ʲôˣǮһǮûˣĺܣΪСһﰡϣȥ󣬿һҽʲôģϣкתɣ
ˣǮɣЦ
СĽе
⣬𣿡һ
ôʣҲ˵𣬸պ˳·Ц
ΤЦ·ϣҲԵСֵܣϿɣ
Ǻðɣ
˼Ҷô˵ˣһ֪Լټ֣ҲͲˡ
ͦжġ
⺢ӵǰĺģ޲֣ҼСѾͷǸʱ򰲾ˡΤЦ
ӨӨƲƲС죬裬Ǹʱܲ𣿡
ΤЦȻܲˣܹڵĺܣͽˡ
ү𣿡ӨӨʡ
ΤǰЦСӨӨСʱԵúܣ˵
裬˵ѣ֪ƭҡӨӨС
ðɣͶ
ųϵĻľһһۣ̾һЩ꣬Τغܾӣ֪һ£ʵӣҶ죬⺢ӡǲǲˣ

ľһ£Τ۾Ĺɫ̾˿ǰˣ˺ܶҽԺβá
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ľһһ㶡
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Цеĵǽˣǵĳ֪ҽһҽʲôڻ£ϰǴ۽硣
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
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Ск״̬ǹ˵ġ
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ľһ֪ʲô˼
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ɣ
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Τؼֱ
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ôôأ
ѵ𣿡Щʵ
ˣҴĺΤؾ͵⺢ٻûзأ͸ôӣѹŹ֣졭ǲĸΪʲôͲһ߿ء
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˵⺢ΪѹţЩλ׻˵ĿҲû£ǽӸҡ
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ƴллллллһĶ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ǿ˰Ǿˡ
Ҫûûϳûô죿
Ƕ롣


316 ȥϲ
ллллֻ֣ס֣ϵҡţֻܹĸм֮顣

Ц
ƴǸˣҵĺӣҪû㣬¡ʣ˺ֱ˵Ϊ˺ӣڸҽԺﱼܣǽȴûκνܲĸż
ڣӺˣŶӺɫԼ˿ڳԵһˣָֻˣԣ㶼ˣۿޱʪ
Ե֡
Ц
ǵģҪûԵ֣ãã˺Уôһ죬˴˼
һص˵ͷɲԵҪȻô
үлл
һֻôˣϾ飬ûзȥ͵ǰӸм
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ڿǿ̾һû˵ģϰ壬һˣȥû⡣
ðɣˡ
ӱκˣϣЦȻҲ͸ˣϾ˵飬ǻ˵ˬ
ͻȻ橽ҪȥϲưɣũĻһûмأ
ĺҪȥ
лӦúְɣ
ȥʲôȥǻҪȥء
ʱľ۾ȴһϾĺӣ⳵ѶûгԣܲлϵЩˣ˵ȥһҪȥҺһϼٹ·Զҵʱһˣʱ򣬴ҶҼȥԷһҪȥ
ǵģһҪȥȥһҲæ˵
ðɣЩΡ
ڳϳԵģϾʳӣ˼룬ȥ¶ˡ
ũĻֲûвμӹϾǰ¹橵ȤǴˣƹũ֣ðɣȻҪȥǾ͹ȥɣʱҲеǡ
ǣͿΤء
ΤҲҷͿˡ
˵˵ͷ˵ǾȥɣҲ֡
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橼ֱ˷ܵĲˡ
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ΰʱЦӣǶΣǰһأ
Τذһۡ
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Ī⳵һġ
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ʱһȻ˵ĽϾӺˣҲǷһ£ڵܵܽˣյͬѧˬ쵽˼㡣
ڶ˹͸§һ£ٺЦţȻ˵һЩǡ
Ŷ·ģҺܴæǹԷġһæ˵
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һڻˡ
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319 ԸȢңҾͼ㣡
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ðɣڵǸһƵģңڼˣԼǰһɽ˰


323 Сԣ죡
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Ϊǿˡ
ЩСǣͲҪ˳һ˾ϳˣһһ
ҵ졭ʲô˰ǹ𡭡
ܶŴ͡

ǿ˵ȴΪ˷ܣţԭԼȻôǿ󣬺ðɡЩСǶˡ졭ʲô˰Ҳ̫ˣǶ֡
Ͻӱĵ·ˡ
ǣϰ忴˵ĿЩ¡
һ£ԼбҪ˵һ£͵ҿǳԵĲˣǸϽ߰ɣЩˡɲǡ
ϰ壬û£ϲ˾ǡ
ʮִ˵
ѧ˹򣬵ڶûгء
Ҫ˹ߺߡƹ̵
˰֡
ðɡѾˣǲߣɲܹˣ˵ҪȰʸҽһ°ɣ

Ҳϰ͵˵ͷǮڳ˺ܶǮţǲǮ


ʲôҵ±ˣȫſˣʲôԪš
磬ӵΡ
ߣҴҵˣǾǸӹȥߣġ


һСԽϣͻȻðȻǺܶ˶һֵʧˣðɣΪԶ˹ˣϰ̯ӶҪˣҪ·˸
Ҫɣϰ嶼ˡ
ðɡ˵ʲôڣ֤û¡
ϰ
ôû¡ûпֶð
ʮ˹
ˡ
ȥġ
֣˵¸ҳˡ
ҡ
㣬ҾҪȥ˵
ðɣȥҸѹ󡣡
һٷúõĳԳӣҲЩһ˵С̫
橾ʮ˷ܵĳȥ
ðɡʲôû˵׻˵սҪǰأֱʡˣȻͳ˹ȥСȭͷ
ǩ
ʲôܣüζΣգÿÿΣյʱһǩͷ˹ȥȻϮ˵ء
ðɣһټܴģ橵ʹ켫ˡ
ԶΧ۵ǣȻľͱO
ҵ졭⻹Ů𡭡Ҳ̫˰ɡһ˵ʮˡðɣķˡ
ϰ۾ɳˣֱţôܣ
⻹ǸС𡭡ûôС
ʱЩͷӡԪҲˡû˯𡭡
ðɣûκģµһӰ
橶УԼС֣һPOSS
ȻϲЦտ˹
̫ˣ

𡭡һ㶼棬رǶЩڵϵ˵һ㶼棬ģǸСѾͷʲôɵİССȭͷôԶôǿš
˵˹𣿡Ц˵
ɡ˵
ߣҪǸҾ³̫ʹˡʮ˷ܵ˵
ʱϰΡΡ˹ǡǵʲô˰
Ǿͨ˰Це˵
ϰͨˡǼ˹ˣûмôǿģ˵˵ǻǸϽ߰ɣǴ˴ˣЩ˿ɲһˣǣûʲôùӳԡ
ллѣû¡ҡҡͷڣͲЩ˹أҪǸҹԼеˡ
ϰҭ
Լĺ⡭κ˼Ҳܰðɣĺǿ󡭡
ȴǿ
ЦҪǳԺˣǾ߰ɡ
ǰȫһȻûԼĶ֣ǡҪ˸أǸʱɾͲˣԣǰȫһ
졣
ϰ壬ĺ
شݺϴ˸ˮ裬ȻҪ˯ʱ򣬱ȴ˺ܶˡ졭ʲôֵԱһɫˡģҪд鷢ˡ
ðɣһעƽ
Ϊˡ
ķ䱻õ졣
Ȼ橵ķ䡣
ðɣʼ磬˵ʲôʲô
ϣݺǡ橻Сȭͷɫ˷ܵĲˣ޲̾ͳȥЩˣȫȥţôġ


324 
Щ˾
ǵģϴ󡣡
ǾǳȻȥ
ǵģϴ󣡡


ѹѹӰֵྭˣģʲô飬ȻôˣϽ˹ȥϾϰǰ˻ЩϵģǺȻ˵ܲãֱһ˹ȥšôˣѵôŹ𡭡
Ȼ˻ġ
Ϊǿɲñȥеǵġ
Ҳ̫ˣҹȻ𣿡ΰбǡ
ǵĻǷ档˵
ðɡ湻ģһƣôСܣ۹Ĳһ˷ͨοԣ¶Ҫˣʲôˣǿɶߣʲôԡ
ּ̧㡣ΰ˵
ֵǣϣ飬Ҹ𡣡˵
ΰ˹ȥ
Ǿˣɱ֮ߣʵǿޱȣһԣ˫ֻһӰ£ǰβƵģգȻֺݺ¡
顭
ˣӡO
졭⻹𡭡ĵӰ𡭡أءġ
ðɣеŵ˿ӡ
һ˶ѣôˣη壬ֱͿ˵Ǻơ
ðɣЩҲŲˡ
ġʲô˰Ҳ̫̬˰ɡ
һ˺ô˶ܡ
ͷҲһ
ԣǺƱ˵ڣȴһ˸ɷˣ⻹
㣬Ϊʲôϰ̫ûȤˣĹĵ˵
ţϳһ˺ƣڣȴΰ˷⣬ֱš
һңʲôܣҰһ㡣ʮбΣ׻˵ǹۣҪĳô죬ôǽ

һزҺ
๾๾ࡣ
Զܶ̿ˮ
ܶӶɳˡ
һĻ𣬲
һ˶ѣֱƵģô˶ܣ̫ǿˣǻġô𡭡ģѵǹϵ𡭡˶ţ̿ˮ
ܣ
Ǹͷ˴У־壬ôܣôôˣţ⡭Ҳ̫ˣһ˶ѣôǿԼû˯ѣǵģƽʱʱʱ䣬ԼӦ˯ɡ
ġš
գΰһ˶УΧȫǵصӰ
̫ǿˡ
˫
ȻṈ̀ڵϵͷǰԷĵ£һ̲ˮ˵Ϊʲô֣ᷢΪ̫䣬̫ð
ŵ˿ˡ
ΰü
Ȼ˵һ֣
ǣǸˡ
Ϊĺ¼ˣԼô˶򲻹˼ң˭֪ԷǸʲôģҲ̫˿־ˡ


ʲôһ˶ѣȻˣ
һıһ͵վ۾һĨ⣬Ȼ뵽ѵǸһߣȻôܳ飿
˵˵⵽ô£
˵˿
ӵĶȫӵ˵ϡ
ϴô죿
ô죬ǧȥǸǸˡһ˵ȥˣǸһ㶣ЩɻϴôˣȻͿһӰɳϣźƣġôġʲôʱġΪʲôԼڶûз֡
Լ˫ȷ˫ֿ֮ʼ˳鴤
һ
ŬԼƽ
һ̫ˡԼֱϢûз֡
ȥɡ˰֡
Ǹ˸Ͻ뿪ˣðɣҪˡ
˿ǡ
Էʵ̫ǿˣòԼĽš
һھƣǳôˣҪѵǣ˵ô죿
˶ˡ
ôˡǵһ˸ˡô졭
Ͼǵôأҵ˻ҽԺأǶҽҩѰңõ鰡ȻЩǲ˵ġΪԷĺǿ󰡣֪Էʲôʱģ񲻾˵ԷҪɱԼԼʱ䶼ûС
ðɡ֪Լǵ˲ǵˡ
˵ô죬Ǿô졣˵
š
˵ͷ̬ȣǷǳġ
ҲʨӴ󿪿ڣ㿴Űɡ˵
˲һ㲻˵˵ǲʨӴ󿪿ڰ
ðɡûʲô취ֻѡˡ
գõĴ𰸺⡣
ЩˣҲ
ǰ˶Էһۣ˵Ȼеʵǣ˻ǵ͵ЩΪãҪ̫ˡ
ǡǡ˹ͷ
̧ͷʱһ㶣ԷѾˡ
һƨϡ
ڵĴ
ġҲ̫ˣ㶼Էʲô˰ôôǿ󰡡ҵСĸβ㶼ˡ
ϴû°ɣʱһ޴Դ˽



õǮ⣬ص˱ݣЩеǮҪٻٻ磬պþȱǮء
šܲ
ʲôȥˣ
صһ㶣վȻ
ðɡţġ
Ȼȥ


ڶ죬ߵʱ˾ˣ͵ĳһСԣڱ˵ľηĿ뿪ˣϾô飬Ҫ˸ˣȻǵĿ඼ΰϣԣԼ·ǲ޻Ƶġ
ԭָоĺܺð
ԣ橸Ĺˣһ˫Сѥ㶼ˡ
ǲǷʲô£
ϣΤǰʵ
߳ʱǷ쳣
˵ΪȥСԵԵʣǵô鷳㶼˵ûгʲô顣
Ǿͺá
ðɡ˶һۣе
һ·ϣ˵˵ЦЦʱһϡ
ɽ
һķǳСӡ
ɽǳĹԭʼ
Ȼķ顣
˵ķǳϾĻûбƻ
·ǿĲҹά
Ҫߣ£ͷҪɢˡ
γǲˣ㶼ˣԡĺ
ȥԷɣ
ԷһǳҪ顣
ߣǴ㵽һС¥ȥǲɽḻɫˡЦ˵
һ˵˾Ȥ
Ȼ˱һǳŵС¥ǰ
㡭ʿˮ
С¥㡣
ȫľɵģԡǳĹɫ㡣
㡭զˡʱ¥ﴫŲ˼飬Ȼû뵽
һֺˣȻѡ
ԶĹͣæк
ϰĴ£ֱӾ㣬棬һء
Ȼһ̲˺ʵľͶ
඼Ұζ
ڴǳԲġ
ǣ橵˿ԡ
ò˵ĺܺóԡ
óԼˡ
¥ϰ忴ǳԵӣеѵôóԡ
ʵŵͬʱҲеģЩǸģôѵεġǣҪĻš⣬е˵ȥ˰ɡ
ʲôأ
ʲôأ
ʮֵĺ档
ǰЩôܳԣǵǼõģϾǮϣ˭ϲǮء
˶ϲǮ
⡣


325 ҹ
˷Ϣһ󣬱ߵ˳ǰʼ׼
ʵʱ򣬶Ѿֱװˡ
ִ͵ľа
ǣٻٻԼ⣬ÿ˶һ
ǳĳء
ǰʲôڡǺءΪǶˣΪߣȻͱǿ
ȻٻٻˣҲж
Ͼò׻һˣôҲҪ㶫ȥģڣûЩȡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ۿЩʪ
ӣ⳵ɸҿˣɲܱ͵ˡž¥ϰԷͷ˵ͷİɣڣ˭͵ߡ
Ŀϡ
ȥЩʲô˰
ôණǵҪʲôҪɽס𡭡
Ҳûз飬ԣȻⷽ뷨
գ·
ΪѩԵʣ·ϵѩûлԣ·ߡ
˵Ҳ¡
һߣǼСʱ
ٻٻסĴɽɽ򣬲·̡
ԡ
ðɣû˵ģʱһľǰ
˵ľ·кü䣬Ϊ·׼ģ߹ҹЪš
飬ڵҲԲ֡
ңҲеһ档
ðɣ͵εġ
סڴɽһַ顣
Ŀ̫ˣҶ죬Ҳ¶ЦݣСѾͷǱıţ˷ˡ
κһӴ˵Ƿǳġ
橸ǿˡ
ȼ
ǣľúů
ΪڽкܶľģǱõġ
Ϊ롣
Ȼ˴ϴú󣬾ŪѩΪˮı÷Ȼ˴Լ⣬ǴڹģôˣһӾ͸ˡ
ǵȻЯҲи
ʱһ
ΰҲһ
˶䶼һ
Ұ
̫ˣҰζǲΰֱӾͳȥˣǿҲųȥˡ
ܿģ˾Ȼ̧ŲİٽʴҰ
üһҲ̫˰ɡ

û뵽ЩôץסˡҲǣǿɶ߰Ȼһܹȵġ
úãϾͳҰ⣡
ΪˣҰʱʲôûгԹֱóȻ󣬾ͺǿ̧ȥҰȥˡ
СʱһҰ˻ðɡô⡭
Ұ淭
Աߣڿ㣬ƽɫ͹졣
ðɡһǳҹ
˾ˣ̫ˣ
ӨӨ˵۾г״
СҲ
Ͼ졣
˶һۣЦ
ĺܰ


һ㣬Ҫɣ
¹£ɭӰ
ô죿
һϺʮ꣬ϱһˣһ긾ŮԱߣһʮĺӣֽԱߵĵ
ˣ˴峤ҩɾǲãԽԽˣԣֻҹ·ҪȥϾһСҽԺܹԼĲ
˿ϣ඼ѩܶطʪˣ巢ͷ۾ﻹ࣬ϷǳĲ԰ס
ҹ·ôߵġ
һ㣬ˤˣҪǾϢһ°ɣ˵
ô·ˣۣܲҪۻô졣
ӵİɣȿȿȡû¡ϵĸ˿Ե¹£ģ԰׵ĺûѪɫ촽ǰ׵ˡ
Ȼ
ɣ
û£е˵ѾôԶ϶ۻˣ·ҷǳգߵĿɱȥˣӣģֻ·СšͻȻϺĽŲһ٣Ϊǰ˻⣬Ǵľﴫġ
ˡ
Ҳ̧
ȿȿȡ˿Ե촭

ҡҡҡû¡ѵ˵


ˡ
ΰͻȻ˵ΪĿ
ⷽ򡭡Ҫȥķ򡭡ǿ˵
վ϶Ǵɽˣ϶ǳ飬Ȼϵģ·ôߣǲҹ·ġ
ܿģߵűߡ
ΪĻ⡭˵̫ˡ
ǣϳˡ
΢۾Ҳڿվǰˣ壬ôڡ𣿡
Ŀɨϡ
Ȼ󿴵˺öҰ⡣
ʲô
ůĻϣԼͨͨðˮ죬ʿˮ԰
ҹ·ǼΪģҲǺķѵڡúóһ٣Ȼ˯þ
Ȼǲеġ
ʱϺҲɵĲˡ
Ȼʶ
ڴϣʮ䣬ס˲ǧˡ
Ϊȥˣڴɽ˵ҲǺġ
죬죬ɩôˣϽæ
Ϻ˷˴ϣޱ
ˣ峤βãֻøҹ·ˡϺô˵
ȿȿȡʱ򣬸˿ԵԽ
˹ֱ˵Ǵҿɡ
⡭Ϻһ㶡
Ǵ򡭡
Ҳ֪ҽԺĴ򶼷ǳᣬǡԼĻôãһ
æ˵Ϻƴҽĺܣƴɩӿ֤û¡
ظĵİ졣

Ҳô
ǰҽͷǳĲڣ֮һĲͲϾ̫ǿˡ
ðɡе㴵ɣǲɷϵǣĺǿ
úúá
ϺܹܾʱֻҪҽϣοڻѶƼˡ
һҪ
֪ԷĲôˣǷγ˵⣬ðɡ˹ȥ
Ͼˣܲܲˡ
ôҪҪǱˣĵҪᴫݸˣβðɡ˭һҽء
ȿȿȡȿȡȡ
ģ˵ĿԾֹͣң԰׵ɫǽú
⡭
ϺһЩš
ôܣ
ǵģôܣѵ
˲õĲ룬һʱ䣬ϼûѪɫˣΪȥǰعⷵյʱ򡭡ӡѵ˵
˺ü
ˣٿӣϼҩܿͺˡ
˵
Һöˡһûô
ϺáˣǡعⷵաͰͣ˵ˡ
һƣûĵҶ˵ˣƴôɩһûģʲôعⷵյģ˵ʲôأ

ϺӦǰץס˸˵֣еʵ㡭ĺˣۿʪˡ
ղǸ뷨Ժ׺䶥
Ҫġô찡
ˣƴ򡭡ҡԵ㶫˵
Ұȷʵܹ˵ʳ
ʱĲˣ˫ֶ֪ˡ
ʱʲôԣڡȴ˵ԼԵ㶫ˡ
ʱʢһ滹еҰ⡣
лллллл
ӹмĶؿͷˣΨˣܹĸм֮ɣ
޾м
ˣ
һ޴ʯͷ
ʱ˼ǳӡ
ȼյҲʢˡ


326 𾪣
æ˵ǰ
˺ܿͺꡣ
ֻůĺܡ
յʢһ룿
ðɣ˺룬ҲЩҰ⣬Ȼ˯ȥˡ
ЩΪĥ˯þڡ
˯ôϺڷģáðƲסԼˮ
ﶼˣϼѪɫΪ;Ȳˣ֪
ʣֲڵ֣ס֣ϵҡҡм֮飬Ǿš
ðɡֱҡͦģԱߵҲȥˣ˵ſƴɣٱôҡţ첲ˡ
ϺٺɵЦ


ȵʵҰ⣬ů𾪡
ڴɽȻ֪ҰĿ£ڡԱʵҰ⡭ȻǱɱİҵ죬ЩܹɱҰҵ͸Ƥˣ⡭ʲô˰Ϊʲôһ𡭡
⼸ŮӺƯŮƵģֻǸʲô־Ըߡܹеһˡ
˿̣⣬ðڵ
һ·ˤ˺üӣ·Ȼʪˡ
ӣΰ˵ͺҵĲ࣬·ɣ𶳻ˣҸһ·
γÿ˶˺ü·
Ͼ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱܹȥ
˵ɽĻĺܲú漸졭ҲǼõġ
Щԥ
ܴ˵·
Ǹӣ·¾ֵǮɡ
ڣľʱֺɫްǳĺأȻҲǳůͣΰϻʹȥˣϾֻһľݡ
ĺů
ϺҲ˺ܶҲ˺ܶ⡣
ôɽ·ֱۻˡ
ǰһ֧š
ڣˣһڱһůģú˯һ
ƴлллл˵
ɽĺʵ˵ʲôƯĻ֣Ȼǳз
ЦӦģң˭أǰⲻò˵һԵ֡
Ҳп
Եְ
Ե֡
Ϻϱĸ
⿾ˣһԡ
ڳʱͿ࣬רһװЩ࣬ˢӣ룬һԿӣտϡ
Ʒܷḻ
ЩСװһСͱӨӨţʵĶأᡣ
ó룬ÿ˶ʢһĺš
ò˵׼ܵλ
Ȼôˣڵȥ밡
ԣǶܸм
ϹЦݡ
󣬴һ޷
ðɣǳĺӡ
ֵĺܴ󡭡⻹һδôÿ·ءáǮ
ϹŷǳЦݣſ⣬ص̫óˡ
ǵģ̫óˣûгԹôóԵζ
ңڴɽǵȻĲôãڳںӣ¡һ궼мΡ
ԣǳԵķǳʹ졣
ϺԱš
û취ܲסԼ죬˭ЩζƵء
ЦȻóԣǾͶһЩǣ
ɲǳô࣬ͷҰ֮һûиɵء
кܶ˶ǹء
˵ǴҰ⣿
ǵȻ㿴кܶ࣬Ա֤ܹΰЦ
𾪵ĲˡģһͷҰٵİٽɡҰǺģЩˡôôءɵһͷء
ﵱ𾪵Ĳˡ
ϺҲ𾪵Ĳˡ
Щӡ˲Ŷ
ôʱˣʵ
˵㿴Щ˿ɶͶ̣ҪģԺ͵˹Ӱɡ
ʲôһ㶡
졭ʲô
ȻҰ谡˵


ðɣڣ֪˵ĿĺϺͱO
졭ҰģǶȥأǻ죬ûʲôɡ
˵ģϺɫǳ˵
Ȼģصĵ˵ͷ
ðɡڣҲҰôá
ԣ˵ʲôǾһʲôͻˣһԼļ縻Լļ
ǣ˾Ϳˣ˵ġ
޷ȥݡ
ǣһɹġЦ
ԣһɹٻٻǳ˵
һɹġ
󣬴Ҳˡ
һ󣬴ҾͿʼϢ
СѾͷ˵Ļ˯ˡ
Ȼڻš
Ϊߣһҹ˯һⶼûеġ
ǡںܴ󡭡
ԴˡһϺһһ
û˯ŵٻٻЩ죬ȥһԼĸףֹ
յ˶û˯
ϾҲžŵѡ
Ҫڴ¡ҹŸոտʼɡ
óƽԣϷ
˿ưɣ
ͻȻ顣
ð
˶Ӧ
ðɡγЩҲ׼ˡ˿ò̾Ȼǿ󡭡
ǣ˾ԣ˿ơ
Ц޾
ʮʱ˽⣬Աŵĸɲϣ˯ȥˡ
Ȼû˯ڿŻ𣬲ʱľģûһ㡣


賿ʱ򣬽ģˡ
ȻŪѩˮˮϴ
ˢϴ
Ϻ˶ݹһˢ
ðɡ׼˺üʮá
ӿɾûôˡ
ֻãֻá
æµʱ򣬸˹˴Ϻޱȼˡĺˡ
˯һֻ˵ȫҲ˺ܶѪɫһ㶼Ǹӡ
ԣĸмˡ
ϴ󣬾Ϳʼ

ûõĴףھó
æŵʱȴһҰ⣬ϴΣһȻ͹Ǹ׼ġ
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̫óˡ
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327 չ
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ΰߵԣ̾
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š
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328 ٲԵİŮ
Զɽһ
ѩЩԺ
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ڴԴޱȻֵʱѩʱĴԶ·ϣһŮ
Ůʮͣһͷٵ㷢ɢŽѩ޷ļΪƵģɫе԰ף˴ﴫĻ΢΢һ㶣ȴǳһȥ
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š
òʰ


329 ټĽ
ֵ˿Χ裬ڣգ˶
ͻȻģĺͯ𣺡˲ˣĽʦεˣѪˡ
Ⱥ䶯
һ˹ȥ

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ǱƵá
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ɴ۾


330 ˣ
ô
סˣĽҲסˣܵůԼӴɫڲԭǰƽɴ۾
ǣһ̣Ľ²ûκεŭԭԼҪˣȴ飬ѵ˾Լ𣬵׷ʲôů
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֪׷ʲôǺȻǰ˾ԼԼҪûԼѾˣЩ޷⣬ȴʵķˣԺ֪׷ʲô
ңĽµΪһ̣ȻͻˣͻƵ𺳣Ȼ˵ľڵľ磬ʵ磬һУֱԺƵ֡
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ĽµĻ𾪣Ҳںεء
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Ľ¿һЦ㣬ҵԺҾ͸һ𣬶֪ڵʵѾ˵ľˡ
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һù֪Լ޶࣬һĬĬ·ͿҪˣһˣûѣǺεȵĿįǣʱĽӶκãò˵ôЩɫʣ𺳡
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ԣкܶ˵ļǵٵ̱ڴģҲв١
˶֪ôһҽϣԼļȥһˣеǴŲԸ˹
ɽΧܹʮ䣬еܽеԶԵĴ䣬Ϣ˵ҽڴԴлҪвģ߾ԼвģȥöԷϾǺĻᣬ˵˼ҽһҪ
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ľ˿Ҳ˿ЦȻĵú죬Ȼնһۣһľȥ


332 ߣߣ
ںĽ˵ЦȻͼ˽һ㶡
Ȼ֪Լ˵ЩʲôǺˡ
ֵͦİЦ˹ǰ
ԣЦֺͦǵ
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ðɣʲôܹ˵ˡ
ڶ죬ɽʼĵΣͿĲģǳĴĽҲҵϵ츳ޱȾˣ½Ҳ˵ҶҲΪ˿̣ȻĻΪ
Ȼʲô˵ˡ
ҪˣδգĽ˵ôһ仰
ɽʱһЩˡ
һȺİˣܹܵڵΪ඼ǵڶңмǵʵһ𣬵ǿֲУļˣغӡ
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غҲû뵽ʱȻʱһϾˣô飬Ȼû㱨ɾǱѣ³ȻͿ֪
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Ҳû뵽Цһ˱ȭȻĿ΢ĽµһۣЩŮӾ͵ǹɫ㣬û뵽񣬶ΧתҲò̾һǺø
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λҵѣû뵽ˡЦģǼΪȻӼͷ
Ҳȷʵǣ˽īף͵ĴīҵˣҲǵʵΪʹ͵Ҳ𾴣οˣԽ˵ǽˣǰˡ
ŶԭֵѰǿҪúʶʶˡЦȻȭЦ̨ȻֵѣǾǵѣպãﲻϤ磬⼸ŮɣϤϤô
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̾һһԼ˵ԼˣȻ˵޼ɵڣǹµģԣͲͻϽЦī֣ѵ𣿶ңֿҵѡ
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غӲ֪˵Щʲôȥһжˣ̫Ҫ̫ˣڣҪȥɸô졣
ٺ٣֣ҵڣ͵Щ˹ˣ𣬻Ҫһ죬ٺ٣ǿҪúˬˬ졣Ц
ЦǵȻīڣһлֵ
۾ɱһ
˶ԱĬĬţһߣһɫ·ʵȻѾ˵ڵʵ
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Ŀ΢ЦīҶѣҪôû˵ģ֪еʵʶʱΪܣôˣʵǴ򲻹ģңڵΪʵҪ֪ŮʲôԺеǣȰһ䣬ǹԹվһ߱˵ˣһܹ顣
̬𣿡ЦûˣȻ˵Ҳûк˵ˣҪҪ֣ϰɣҪ˵һ䣬ǸҶֵˣ飬ȫնˡ
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ϾʮˣǶǷˣûʲôʵ͵ǰʲôǣЩҪɱˣֱӾɱˣﻹܸ˵ʲôԣڣͱҪЩ͵󣬸Ͳ˿ð֮ģˣܹ˵õ


333 ߽ն
Сӣɱǣ龰īһ㶣š
Ц˵ҪѵҪһ𡣡
㡭īˣȻеʵҲֻеѣȴû뵽ȥûãһӾˣȻԽӵķŭĿ䣬ɱСӣҪ֪Щ͵ˣ˭ɱǣˡ
𣿡ǰһЦ˵һɱһԣ벻Ҫҡ
˵ƺκθֹܹնɱ˵Ҳ̫ˣаʸ
վһԣû˵ͼʵЩϺзôĶ֣ΨǼ˶֣նɱǰ˰ɣ
ϣܹġ
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죬ÿԽī֣֮Էն
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͵߳ˣһָ߸ϣô˽ѡ
Сӣˣ·šī˵ɫɭΪ͵ˣСɱг󣬲ˣҪطɣЩ˵Ͳ̬ȰԵʲô͸ʲôҪǳʲô飬ȻмվԵľʵܹ
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֪еʵΪԼ˲𣬵ǺܿϧЩǰʲôǣңˣֻô˻Ȼ⼸û㣬СӣΪԼǿͿɱˣ죬ɱ㣬Ǻ߹Ҳ޻˵īЦ
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أȻϡԶԶ͵ʤ˶࣬һкܶżֵȥ̽ɽصȣЩ츣صĽ뷽͵˵ǳҪԵһҪȽһ򾡣նɱ߽
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һ˳һۣǹʱ·еɷǣĿ裬ЦһǺõREDNESS඼ˣҲ⣬ն㡣
ǵʵΪ͵Ҳһգī׵˹̽·Ȼиڴˣԥնɱ͵ˣŭʲôʱһЩèܹ͵ˣ浱͵
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336 츣أ
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īԱߣſˮ󵽵㣬ˣһ㡣
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ͻȻǿʮֿ־Ķһ㡣
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ΡΡĵ㡭㡭˵һˡ
ȿ־壬˷ܣźǱĪ⡣
Ļ׷һ㶣˵Ļʲô˼ʲôˣڵƵġ
ֻǾһֱڵȴţڣͬˡ˵
ҸʲôͻȻʵ
û˵ֱӵĿˣ뵽˵ǻᱸƺɹ˵
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ðɣǸȥ
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ΪûдϸܵκεĶ⣬෴ԷޱȾη־壬⵽ΪʲôҪ֪ӵвʵԼ򲻹أ
СΰЩĵĵ
ҡͷ˵û£˵ˣҪɽȥǱҪԽƬɭ֡
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֪ʱ߹˾ʱ˯أˣ


338 
һ֣Ӣͷףʮÿţգһɽȣ羰续رǣм÷ǳߴֱɽȸǡ
ϣзǳĵط;ס˹ȥһС
ΪվĺܸߵԵʣҰһƬۺ֮ɫɾһĸо

˲ò̾ܿ죬һЩǳԵĺӣ˺ܶˮ涼
ˣֱץͳԣһԣһ㣬Ŀˣǵĵԡ
ۣ
ΰĶ˳ȥ
ʵ̲סôһֻӣ˵˲òҪЦû˵ʲôˣһһѾܾû˹ˣأôˣԸ𣿡
˵ʵ̿ǣһֻ˵˻ۣȷʵҲ˷ǳ𺳡
أݽߣĩʱ
һʵĺѣˣһ±ȵһ£ԣǶ츣ء
ԭˡͷ֪ЩʲôѯʣȴЦ󣬵˹ӦƣǸɣ
˵ţһطһǴ򿪺󣬾Ũ˱ǣ
ǡ𾪣
˵ǵģǺƣǿԴߡ
ûа취װ˵
һ£գһһɫĺ«ݸһ˵Ķֻܹ죬ڵȴĵҵҲˣ
ӹװ٣
ʮɽ˵
һ㶣ɫƺ«һ£߶ڣʱ䣬һھУһ£ʱ䣬«Ǵ򿪣һУɲ֮䣬橵֣𺳵ǣǾȻСȻ󱻺«˽ȥ
һĻ𺳡
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ɫ«﷢橵˵
ûбսȥˣҲˡ
ʲô
ɱ
Ŀȣĺ«úÿһ
򣬿ǳ
ھ橵˱㱻˳˵ԼܣһƬڰκΣģ˵еĶȻ䣬μķ𣡡
Ī𺳡
Ҳ⣬һƺ«ѣ߶ھȻ˸˽ȥҪ֪¶Ҫ󲨡
һ˵ĶˣͬԵõ˵ĴУӶƿƬ츣ء˵
ʵƿأʲô˼
ⷽ츣أʵһˮһ˵
ľ⣬Ϊʲô˵ǽˣȷʵˣ̫ˣ䣬Ϲ֮ʱ׷ʲôմУֻʣߣûԼеˡ
Ҫ֪գھĺȫװȥˣȻҲһЩǶЩػı
ˣҿԸ𣿡ͻȻ
һ㶣̫ˣ
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ΰ˿ˮߵǰСһƣǲΣ
ž
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գȷˣûΣʵ磬ԲŸӵ𺳡
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ƣǴ˵еĶҪһ㡣
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Ҳǣ̤˵徳͵ʲôģͲپ£ΪǸͲһΣʱ򣬺߹˵ʲô͵˿¾Ͳᷴԡ
뵽˺ܶ࣬Ȼ̤徳Ŀܣô͵Щͬڵľ۷ˣôź߹̤𣬲ɵã뵽Ǹߡī٣ҪЩʲô֪Ϊʲô˿̣һ˿
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˵ʵһһһֻϻһһ
İ
ܿ죬һͷƽҰ꣬֣Լ˳ȥܿ죬㿸ͷҰӵǰͰͣΣֻΪˣʵϣҲûгԱ
ⷽСһҪƿأΪǺҪĶһ˵ֻƿȻ
һʲô˼ʣû˵Ϊһ츣صûи̫࣬ҲƺЩֻƬѣգʵһˣ𣿡
֪ҡҡͷˣӵֽǴɣԻĺܾԶ
ʵ֪Ϣ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵˼ؼ𵤣ԪӤȣһ·֪ȥķ򣬹ЦǺȾơ
ƣ۷֮һο˿̵ƣһ˵ķԸøҩöɵģһֱ񣬷ӡȫõ֡
һһƹܰƣÿ춼ƣǰҲûлž̳˵Ż
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һ̣˲ƽ
дɣԻĺܾԶΪ½֮ɣǿĿϣĿ


339 շ
һҹȥ˳˵㶫·ɽǳΡ룬ؼ䣬źܽʵȴǺԶ˵һĵطⷽСĿŦҲ
û˵ʲôͷ·;УҲ˸ָķ羰һͷ޴ϻסǰסǵȥ·໺һҰֻͷϻһӾͳɷ죬һصء
ӣ
ļȥɲ֮䣬â˸ֻһСһ㣬ͳ˹ȥ߼䣬սսһһЩʯľģ˲߿У˵սǶôľҡ
ӣ͵ҵݣˡƽŭ죬صأӿֳһâʮ־ˣ糱ϫһ㣬Ҫûǵľ۷ʵֱħһ㣬˲֪˵ЩʲôΪŴ졣
Ȼ˵üһҪշһ
ϰΰ
һϡ
ЦİͷƽҲǲշ
ߴսܾˡ
գһϣȻƽ𻢵Ĵצ˺ѳһ˿ڣѪʣʹУֻʱ򣬾ȻӶͳһȻһȻֱӻΪһĹӣһĻ˿ֱӾˣʲôĵӾ
ǽ𹿰𣿡ΰͰ͵ʧɫˡ
໣
ʱ򣬻ƽȻֱһ㣬ֻǰһȻ֮䣬һƽﵳ֣һץס˲ѣ㳯ݺȥ
Ȼ壬лƽӣҲһ˲ӭȥ

˵ĳϯķɴɽʯȻҲⲻˣչΪǳֵգûʲô飬ǰԭǷǳĻΪǻƽ𻢺սԭһƬǽ塣

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ͻȻؼ䣬ˮ䣬ܿģһϢԶϯգһͷһٶ׵Ļƽ֣޴۾ƵģȴѪɱڣⷽСһˣƽ𻢺ͻƽҪͬɱ
ǣ޾壬Ļƽϻ߿У߶ս
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ƽȫڣӵ˻ƽ߼ȫƵģȴûʲô飬һƽ䣬˳ȥܶ
أ
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˵ǵӦúܺó԰ɣ
ʲôĻƽ𻢺ͻƽһʲôʱ򷴹ˣ̳࣬ڣྐྵȻҪԼƽŭ𣬵ӣ㾹Ȼɱǣ㻹𣿡
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󣬻ƽһ˸ȻڲϵıСհƴ󣬲˻ƽ𻢺ıҲ棬̧ͷϷһɽʯ·ͨϷΪԭ򣬿浽ʲô
棬ĵطоƿ硣ֻаƴվͷ˵
ȻˣǾȥɣôС
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СҪȥɣţ
ΰһѶͷϵĺˮǳε˵дУ֪õҲȥ浽ʲôĹ⾰ͺɽԼǰ棬ȻԱԼ˵õǣǺ棬Ըһ¡
˵߹棬ضһĿ֮ս˾ʣܹԣǵǳʣԿϣа취ϾһûʧһΣҲ⡣


340 ʯ뽵
а취ƽ𻢵
ʲô취˿
û˵ſһ£һƣ⻪꣬Ө͸ͨɽƣͷŷģһЩͨ
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ôȥ˿Ц
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ģȥ취Ц˵ţȻһɢϯķ֮䣬ʯֶ⻪ãȻÿһ·㶣У
ͬڿ֮ڣ⡭ͬס
һӶѣ׶Ҳ֪ѧġ
·;򿪣ȥ
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ŲͣʱѾĿʯˣ˿Ļ׷ߵʯǰϸеĸ֣ȥȥͬʯǱƵġ
ʯ˵ľǱ̺һִУֻǺܶڽʱȥֱƹо˿Ŀⶼȥ´
վһԣʶȥ
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һ㣬󣬾Ȼںһһˮб𶯣ѵһʮֹŹֵ뷨ˮСıԴ
ȻʶһĻûʲôر鷢Ҳ˵ҲֻǿѣʹˣҲЩϲ٣ʯõһЩϢ
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˵ԱߣȻһ̳̳⣬⽻֯һŻЩãûгγɡ
ڼ̳ԱߣϥѪˮڱǼ̳գͬʱдʣ˵һЩرֵĶ
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ˡ
ǱֻƸɱġ
Ҫ֪͵Ҳ콾λһʮ֮һ˵͵δϣǾһ̣Ȼ͵˸ɱˣ͵ΪжʲôĴۡ
һĻīͫҲһû뵽˺ɱˣҪּ֪ҵˣĴ֮һּһ۾ȻҲ˼ʱҧ⣬һѪѪĥ棬һĥķĸӲ뾪ˣֱӽ̳档
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ɾһ̣ŻƣĸһЩǿԼӳ֣·ʱƵġ
俪
߹޳ʦɫҲֱ仯ȫ߶ڵΪһ˹֪ĥ̵ʲôǷɵĹĻôһ𹥻޷ơ
ʵ֮ˣΪֵֻҲʩչ󣬼뵽ĥѣһһ⣬ǾŻǸˣӵʲôʵѵǡ徳
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ʱһ̾ϢȻ̾ϢǴŻֵģܿģһֻ֣һֻȣԼ壬Żб˳ڳֺؼ䣬һ㲨޾ɢǿѹʮֿ£ϣȻһƣ֣ĩƵġ
ʵϣ͵ȫ߳ľĩսˡ
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صȻһֻͷ˳ǵӰһ̣Ȼȫ֣٣


341 ͵
һӰ绪һӣԡ⣬ˣ͵Ī
徳ʵ̤봫˵һǷˣˡ
Цţܡ
ī¶ϲڹһжɶ֡
ޱȣվڴࡣ
ڴսڿŴˣò˵˵һӡ
ڳˡĪЦ߹ͷʵ̫磬͵¡
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ʵǿȷʵˡ
Ī͵һ֮£֮ϡ
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ţĪ¶֮ɫ㲻Ӧô˵Ȼλȥ
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ȻĿɨˣգϣɫһ㣬ҿ壬ȥһƬģ
ı߹ڣ
һ㶣ԼǱ
ĪһЦҵڴ
ɶ˶ĿϣϾ߹˵ȷʵ𺳣Ǳѵھͻƽ徳𣬲ȻôĪĶ֣
ĪҲš
īԣɫ԰ף˼ء
һж䶨ԵɨһС
ǳԵһ档գĪ˫֣˵
Ϊū𣿡߹
ĪЦ̫̫٣͵֣ڣһжݻ٣㣬㣬
ѪҲ㡣߹
ӷ𣡡޳ʦţʩαشɱ䣬ͬŽᣬ񲻸á
кԼǲԸܣһкλ˵Ī̾
ǺԼ̫пᣬ粻ƽ߹
Īվ̧ͷ죬˫֣̳һ㣬̾ϣûνĹƽ
ǿߣӦŬһƽ߹˵
ĪĿɨˣЦǵ徳ոͻƣ¼޵֣ΪʲôҪǹƽ
ǶѰһˡ߹ĬƬ̣˵
һĪૣĿɽӲãһ·ϣǣҺ档
ǽᳬԽ޳һֻҲ졣߹ɫƽῪڣǿڶԻҲ͵ڶԻǺƽദ𣬽һ֮䡣
ϣվϣ죬ܱQãҷ𡣡ĪڣƽȴԵİԵ
ڵʵһжֻѰһϹ֮ʱ׷ʲô伮ߣȥгֶϲ㣬Щߣ·ϡ
أɽȣǿԹͬ߹ͻȻ
ͷ𶯣ϣɽȶ츣
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磬ɣ޷
ʮǵľ徳ѲԶͻȻڣŶԷ
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ҵšʱڵ徳ɨһС
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ôͻȻ˵ˣ͵ƯŮ𣬽ȥů

ĪЦСһԽԽȤˣ˵ͷ𣿡
˵˫һ̯Ц̫ѹˣֻ뻺һնѡ
ȷʵеĪͷģ͵պܶ࣬ʱԵ컯Һڴһ졣
ͬڴ㿴ǺܺãΪҪɱɱʲô£ǿ̸Ⱦơ
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ͨľơЦɵĺƣ𣿡
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Сһⲻ¡ĪЦҺͺ߹֮£Ҫоƣ;һ죬һܹܼˡ
īԣϥ޸ƣû뵽ΪʲôǰЩˣ죬ѵǸ˵ڵȴʲô
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ī̵ͷ˵ʲô
óƺ«ЦкþƣиͤǺβȥʹ
СӦԹĪЦ
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⻪һ̳ߣӰ֣Ī
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ûӦһ˲ѣ̫٣ңҲǵһξͣͷĿѣ
ǡڣоԼùһ㣬ڡ
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һ㶣ӦЦȲ裬͵϶Ī٣ܲȡ
СһԽԽϲĪЦеϧˡ
ϧʲôҪɱ𣿡ʵ
вڣһ¡
ôζɣĪЦ
ܲͷ㻹ûлشҵء
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ҪĪ˵Цݲ٣Ŀȣͬڿϡ㡣
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ôܣĪЦȻǵľȴӵе徳Ϲ߲ž߱Ķ㣬һ꣬Ȼ߱㵽һе飬Ҳʮ𾪡
Ҳ֪˵ʲôŲ裬𾪡
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С㣬
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˴ߣһ·ǹۣǴˣ鷳ĸо


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վ˺ܾá
ڣԷ꣬վԷͷ
ƯŮ
ʹɶ˵ʱǼΪ̾Ů̫ˡ
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ۣ
ǰŮȻĪŮ

ֱҪЦȻûжֵ˼ֻţҪǽŮƭˣôðɣеѡ
ҽҰǱϵץġ
Īһ㶣ʵǱҸץģôҸҪʲô
֪һģŽţĺܺó԰ûгԹ͵֮Уǲġ
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˹ôҸճȥܳˣһܵ̫ˣ
СѾͷĺܿɰ˵ʱ¶Сɰ
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СɱòȡŶһԣЦģζ治
ԳԳԣ֪ԣҭ㡣Сˡ
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ЦðɣԾͲԣȥԷɡ
˭շԣȥСȥק
ȻԸ⣬ʲôܽĪ׷أϾ͵֪ĪôģɲôοǶ̫ʹˣֱͲܹܵġ
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˵ȥ׼ԵģҶˡ
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̯˫֣ʮĪΪʲôôҰ˵䣬ʹյ˼ҹǰĪţ֣ΪʲôԼû˼ء
Ȼ˵㵱ʱͤ£ϲһ·ŪˣȻʹˡ
ԭͷĿо


343 
ˣͷôộһ·ǡ𣿡Ī꿴ʵ
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ĪˣЩת䡣
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ɱ
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ܵ˵ҪǽĪ׷ֵĻҲͦġ
Ī˹ĪǷһ񣬺һס
վһԣ˹֣ЦˣǺǣ
ףˡͦ˼ġĪ˵ģûб˼ΪղŴӸܵһĨɱԣ˵˵̶Ƭ̼䣬ϲֻǲøɱ˶ѡ
Īˣȴһ
ŮǱ˼㡣
ڣȻҹǽš
д
ĪĿ䣬ңˣɲثˣ͵ͷҶˣ㿴ô죿
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ĪĿһ
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СΪԼΡ
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㰡ӣȻһȥʮӣСֱţﰵС㶼ûأôˡ
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ԣС죬һֱû¡


344 ܾʣ
ʲôˣ
͵һԺڣһϥԱߣվһӣ鱯ߣ˸С
߷ףɫ⣬ڣô£ּһ콾ôˣҪּһ˵
ʢŭҪּ֪һϣּҳ棬ȴ֪ˣŭҪɱˣһվԺʱ㲨ƣһʯʱΪ촷ۣǰǶôŭ
ǵҲС
ɫ࣬ɱɢΧ죬Ϊּһļ̳ˣ˶ٴճΪ͵һʮ֮һʵδػּңߴּڷɣһУˣˣ磬ܸһжһգߺּҵϣܲŭ
Աߣվɫˣ˫ȭգҲɱ⣬Ǵ˿̼ˣǿڣףһйˣȥҪ˵Σա
ôѵɱҲɡվڡΧ޷磬һͷ׷Ʈҡħ㡣
ף룬ǻϵһɣȻһȥϾ̤˵徳ǡһҪСġӿڣ˵ʵϣĴ嶼ҰģҪƿ͵һҶ󣬱ҰпɣǴ˿̣̤徳ʵû˸Һӡ
徳Ϸ̤룬ĪҧɱӯҰ


˿̻ϣʮ⣬ԱߣСվСţ֪ôˣΪ˵Ļ̫죬ѵСĶǰһкø𣬿ô죿
һΪʲôҪŪ鶼ѰˣڣҴȥϢĵطɣ㲻ס
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Ҫ֪͵ΪʱԭԵȼƶȺɭɱһūѾߵȣּ̧飬û˻˵ԣܲпᣬ磬ôãɽ㣬СһʱЩˡ


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ԭӰʼ磬һΪԼĺܴأ
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СǸӵ۰
˵С޵еģģӸȣʲôǣּ̧˵ġ

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ðɣĪϲԼԼûѡˣš
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347 ²
ʱţһֱãһСʱʱ䣬ĥʹŽɢȥҲǴ˿̵ǳĲģֱǸմˮ̳ƵģԱվСۿһУƺһ֤˿СϣޱȵĲ԰ס
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ѣһӦȴ𾪵ĲˣʲôʱĪһպѣѵǵҪΪĪֱ׵ԭΪһˣԸ⣬Բһϵе飬뵽˺ܶ࣬ԼбҪȥȥ㱨һ£Ϊںܶ˶ûҪЩʲô
ǰǾǺѡЦ
С﷭ۡ
ĪҲû˵ʲô
Ȼ󣬶æк;Уȥһˡ
ʲôһ𾪣ЩţҲ̫ˣڰһۣһȥ󣬶˵꣬Ҵûмһͷ̷Լ̸ֹ͵ˡ
˼ǣ
ûˡ
ܰɣֻܳȥʲôʱ˿Խˣ
ˣ϶ǵģǵҪʲô̫ˣ
ǰ˽ضҪĺܶԴΪĪֱףԽԽܹˣ
Ǿͱˣʵǵ徳˶ˣҪǣףǵǲҪμӣ
˼ǣѩص콾ɳ
ǰȻܹùѰ찡Ҳ֪Ĵôģ
ɣ
ҪϢɢȥ𣿡
Ǿȥ͵Ұɣղܹ塣
߶˵ͷ
˿̣ǰȴ˺ܶƿҩʵеľ𣿡
ʲô˶һ㶣СҲŴ͡
ҪΪ˸̽첻


348 ˣ
ĳ֣ΪǼ߿һЩ²⣬Ȼ˳ȥ̼䣬͵ĺ֪ܶôһˡ
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ţֻԱףΪ˰ɣ
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Ϣĺܿ죬ӵ뿪ʱ򣬼ܶ˶֪ˡ
ǣ·Ϻܶ˵Ŀòһ
ĪʵѵҵлңȻΪʲôҪң
Ī֪ôΪʲôСȴ˵ͷộ͵Ϻټ˵Ļô˵أ̫ȽˣԣǿѾˡ
ûʲôΣհɣʵ
С﷭˸ۡ
գֹãһ¥ǰС˵㲻ǰԶкܶóԵģڸϿ԰ɣԺͳԲˡ
ʲô
¥СԸܿ죬Ŷˡ
ôԵģ
СЦ˵ҶΪãԺҲԲˡ
ЦİɣҲôģ㻹ûпҺСء
Ī
ӣԣûãţһӱƿ߽Ӱͷģһӣ˵
ôһ֡
ɱҲɱЩˣĬĬעһĻ
ǿĪ꣬ʵʶ
Īҡͷ
С
Сҡͷ
Ȼ̧ͷǸӣʵΪʲôҹû㣿˵һǳ͹۶򵥵顣
Ǹλ𣿡ӿڣԵЩɭ
̯֣˵ΪʲôҾͲ
Ӧǽӵλãƾʲôɸҹһս˵ĿɱΡ
˵һٷ
С˵ҪҽǸߣҼСǰֵĻûˣ
Īһۡ
ڣðɣҸһս
ԣ˹
ɲվǰûκοζģһ˲䣬ڶԷǰûиԷӦʱ䣬̧һ㣬öԷΪɲ̣ȻһŽ˳ȥ
Ǻˮ䡣
ͨһһˮ
һ㶣̫ˣûп塣
ǣ˵ǻйһսɣȫ

ͨͨ
ûκ
СŴͣôô
ǵģӦô
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С޻˵
ĪƯ۾˵棬Ӧúɣ
ЦǵȻȻ㸸ΪʲôҪץҹ
е㲻⡣
ĪʵҸץҪʲô
ش𣺡ʵܼ򵥡
˵һСＱˡ
˵Ҷˣ
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棬ǳƽ
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ſ³ضΪҡ
ƾʲôܹĪСһѵ紫еһĪϲСӣ
ôܣǿκ޼ȥˣǸСˡ
˿̣ǰһӣһۣƮҡκ޼͵ʮ콾֮һ
ڣǸλòġ

ɡ
̯֣һٷԲ
Сգۣκ޼ʮ֮һʵڵľڣոͻƣȷù˼ң
˵ҲܣֻԷ
𣿡
ԷбЦ
޶ԡ
С𣬵ϰҼС㻹￴أ
Ŷ棬ûȤ
ǿ𣿡
Էٴ𣬴ɱ
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˵ܳٴ𣿡
㲻Ӧ
Է̬ţ
С̧֣ҡҡزˣ˿ˣ㻹𣿡
ֻԷ
Զ֣Ȼ
κ޼˹ŷ磬Ҳɱ
Ŀע
ʵϣҲ̽ʵΡ
ҲҪ֪ôģΪĪףϵ˭콾սʤȢĪ꣬ں͵ΪһˣǸʱ򣬺ðɣûʲô˵ġ
ԣڣڹע
κ޼ϴЦ
£ĳš
Ϊʲô֣ѵ𣿡
ӦðɣϾţĪϲӦһثɣ
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κ޼˵
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̧ͷΪҲ֪ͼ𣬼Ȼˣº
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κ޼һΪûп֪ͻȻ֣Ӧ٣˫һ棬ΪɲǼ񱩣ȼ
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κ޼Ц͵ϣ˭֪ǿհ㣬ֱ࣬һϣǽҲ⣬һȭŷűը
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ʲôȻΪԼսʤκ޼𣿡
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һƣֱӽκ޼˳ȥһƤ㣬һӴӴ˳ȥգͨһˮš
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û˵졣
û뵽һĻ
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ôܣһƶѣκ޼ͰˣǸһﵽʲôʵ
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κ޼ٴǰû˵ʲô۾ɱ⣬ôβס
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ǿһ
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Һڴ
ۣǰСһ㣬ƺô˵ĵҲûеס
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غû
Ϊκ޼һƤ㣬һ˳ȥ
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ֻˮ
ôܣ
𣿡
ôôѵأгɣһᣬ𣬲ȻΪˣ
е׵ΪʲôҪˣ
Ϊʲô
̫ǿˣϲĪǵҪһֻñףýӵȣ޻˵
ɣ
ôᣬԭ򡣡
ģκ޼ôȥˣ
죬û뵽һˡ
ս
κ޼˵Ŀɱ졣
һӡ
ۡ
˴
鷳֡
Сİɣһˡ
˵ǿţ·ղűˮﲻǷƵġ
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˵ɫƽվ
Ŀۣ
ģκ޼ҪʹһҪ׻ɱ𣿡
κ޼Ҫһʩչˣڴ߱
ˣκ޼޵Уսʤ


349 ˮ
Уκ޼ȫ⣬ǱΪһս
κ޼ôܰ

Ҫ߳׻ɱˢ衣
ĿңԽԽࡣ
һ¥һǳƯŮڣ𣬲ȻĪΪҪѡ
ǿκ޼Ƕ֡һŮڡ
Ůһģһˡ
Һڴ͵ײؽĻ𻨡
ѾˣԤʾѾʼ𣿡
ǰģ˿ΪѵҲľ۷𣿡
֪ߣȥĪ꣬˵
û죬һ߹Ҳǣô˵У磬ʲôأڴ
˶ȥ
ֵܵһ𣬾ҿҲǶ֡
ȺУһ̾ɫ˹ȥ
Īҵġ
һ䣬ϥۣ꣬俪ڣƮѩ
˿̣¥ϣһȭ⡣
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̧֣
Ƿ絭ӡ
顣
֮䣬κ޼ɣѪ籬ը㣬Ѫʡ
վţûгԲƮҡ
ذ
Ȼ
ģְˣߵʲôΪ
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ˣ
дݡ
¥߻أ
СһС𾪣˵
Īɫ糣ĵˡ
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ˣʲôΪΪο壿
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˲ȣǺܶ˵
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ˣǿ󣿡
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Ȼ߷֮ҰҲ⡣
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ЦΪβԣԱ˲˲ǡ
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
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Сﳤ͡
Ůɴ۾ŵĿһ̫ˣĪǰ˵ΪԼĺܲ
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Ϊ˭˵Ī꣬
ǣ˦ɣҿǽá
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գĪΣʵҲ֪ô죿
⻹ºһվ֣һѣʤ
ûܺͽȡ
Ů˵ţ˿ܴ󵨣Ҳ޹˼ɡ
ڣǲҪΪĪĺýãͲѹ˺˵ѹ׽ȥů
ʲô
һʱ䣬Ůɴ۾Ŵ죬š
ˮҲһ
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ͦ˼Ī꣬˵ô죿
Ҫѹǣ׽ȥů˵Ҫ𣿡
ŮϴЦ
Īվݺݵһۡ
СԱߣŴͣʱûϣΪ˭˵𹫷𣬵ʱǵҲ㣿
ЦţŲˣžƣˮ֣һ
ˮۡ


350 
ǺþƣӦöȡӶԷۣЦſڡ
ˮһ̾˶˵ֱףûй˼ɣ
ָһ棿ʵЩ档
ȻСˮ˵
氲˫̥Ů鶯ǣԱĪվһ࣬еԣһദȻ˽Σһ㣬ʲô˵ʲôûй˼ɣֱףصķ񣬲ÿˣ
̾ˣܶ˲УΪҲй˼ɣûдڣҺˣǳѵһȺ˰ɣ
ô˵ʵˮͫŽ⣬
ҵʵСǣһ޵ġЦϸϸǰˣ͵ˣĲһ˵ʣ˱׽ȻûеĻϡ
ԴޡƯŮ죬ܿɰ
û˵ŷˣơ
ʳģԲ
ڣʲôʥ𣿡
ȻУôҪ𣿡ˮͷ
Ȼа£ҪսȻҪ׼һЦ
С˵һΪأûй˼ɣϳЩ죬֪ôġ
ҵȻҪǿ㿴ҽ첻ͳ𣿡Ц
ߣ
Сһˮ죬û뵽С˲ӣҲǣСĪѾߣѾߣͬã͵ϣ˭˲֪˭˲û˸˵ĳ˵Ҳʸ
ˮ˵͵һʥأҪȥĻƣȻҲԽսֻҪܹʤȻԻȡԴ
һ㶣Ŀ
̫ˣ˯ͷˮԺ𣿡
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ٺ٣ԣеʱ䡣Ц
ŮǰҪȥ
Ϊʲôȥʡ
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Ī΢죬˵оܾе⣬Ͼ͵һ飬ǹ˭ǽܷ棬ţȴ޼ɵ˵ʲô˵ʲô󵨶ֱס
һŮЦĪֱۣЦĪ꣬ϲһ𣬲Ȼ˵ǻ
ҡĪ꿪ڣǣһʱֲ֪˵Щʲô
ɣ֮䣬ʱֵŮ𾪡
޷Ī꾹Ȼϲӣ͵콾Կ׻˵ˮڣҪ½ԵˣϾĪݺòǱӣ˭ˣ

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ͷĪ˵Ҫȥͻȥɣùҡ
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棬ܶ˸š
֣ߵﶼҪ˹עˡˮЦ
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ô͵𣿡
谡ͽ
˵ţɫ࣬Сûд̫Զ
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Īͻƣ̤徳ʱ϶ʲôӶͻƣرʮ콾ʱͲڸ֮£ʵͽеģ罣ڵľ۷׶ΣʵԸһС
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õط
ЩţȻĺõطֱΪԼڣԼɲȱЩ
վסǡ
пصվҪ˵ЩʲôǿĪͰˮˣֻԼ޷˵ʱĿź⣬ȻҲõϢ֪ôһߡ
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͵ˣ㲻ǡ˵ȻǵõʲôָʾΪȥ
˿̣ɽԱߣ˺ܶˣפĵӣҲгϵȣӡ
ߣкʸǵʥأǵҲСһ˹׷Բԣȴǳĺ
ûߣûʸ̤ǸϽ뿪ɣҪΪǣǶ֡һ˹Ȼǵľϵʵ
ĪǲӣطĴ֮أܱƻҡһ߳Ŀ˸ɱء
ˮʼ磬Ҳû뵽ӡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǣҲ޷ĴԿ
Ͼĸ壬кĵ̣Ժ͵⡣
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˫̥ҲգƯĴ۾Ҫô졣
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ˣƽ·˵һ޹¡
ʥأȻҪȥһУԣҪȥ˭С
ƽɫƽȴȼգڡ


351 
ô𣿡
ҳȫ㡣
ߣҪеʵͿΪΪ㻹ϣʲôǡ
ЩĿ䣬ɱ⣬ƺ̤һؽһ
ˮ֣Ҫ뿪ɣ͵ϻʥءǰЩˣȻ̤룬Ҳûʲô취
Ͼô˵ߣ͵ˣȷʵûǸʸ
ҡͷҪȥУ˭Ҳס
Ϊ޵𣬽գǾ֪ʲôˣ졣һЦĿ
𣿡
ǰһҪ֡
ס֡ʱԶһ
һӣһ㣬Щ˼ԷɫȻΪԷǵˣǹܼҡ
˭Ҳû뵽ᾪ˶Է
ֱӿ˵Ĵʥأϲȥһ·ͨС
˵仰뿪ˡ
Χܰе˲Ļʲô˼Ĵĳʱɫȴһ䣬Ϊ뵽˹·ָʲô
ͨ·ʵϣֹһһ·Ѿܶû߹ˣΪ·ϣʮֿ־塣
һЦߣûȷʵһͨɽ·ǣ𡣲ҵĻ뿪Ƕ㶯֡
Ŀһ
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ʲô˼ʵ
ˮҲƺҲ֪·
Ī˵һ·󷨣ڽʱ˲ѹΪʹóΪˣȻϣ;ѹҪǿ־С
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˼˷飬ɴ۾Ѫѵ˵죬̡̫
Цû£˭ûʲôңԺؽɨ¡
ԲѣΪԼһ𣬱Ϊеʵ˲ڽǰʲôǣһĴӵ˵ɫż
𣿡
㡭
Ǹɫһ䣬ƺԼӣ˵ֻʵʵ˵ѣҾ͸㣬·ֲܿû߹Ҫȥˣ
ٿֲ·ߣеĽӸ棬һ·˵ܴ󣬴ķ
һӣ˻Ȼʮֲޡ
ߣΪ˭ܸȡ
ûǺε㣬ҿ㻹·ɣȻʡȾҵĶ䡣
Ǻǣ·дֲȥ˴ԲѣҺڴ
ŭڴ
ˣ
ˮĸ첲Ҫȥ
ǰȻһߵӣǣ͵˲ȥңЦ
ˮ
ΪԼҲʲô
СӣȥΪСǸˣų뼥Ц
Իȥ˵
٣ҵڴһ˵Ŀɱ⡣
Цг𣿡
ӵС˵
ΪʲôһֱңҺ𣿡ŭ
ԷЦһȺߵں棬Ц㲻˳۶ѡ
𣿡
Ŀ䣬Էһٶŭ𣬵ҳһս𣬲Ҫֻ˵󻰡
㡭Էɫһ䣬ȷʵûǸʵսϾոշһĻҲֱڣκ޼أѪģʮҡ
Цû𣬼Ȼû֣͸ҹ
СӣˣҾͿ㱬ը˵ŭݣ˭˵
һվǰСӣκҿɲ㣿
ԭκ޼ˣֲˣҪΪţڴЦĿǰ
Ī꼸һ㶣֪Ҫʲô
ΪСӣ֣ȥҿôߣɫࡣ
ЦԻȥȥǰ³ɺһ
̤һЩĿ⵱һ
ôҪ𣿡ȡ
ǰһֽţôҲҪ֣Լˡ
Ȼ֡˵κɫǳÿ
Ͼʵκ弴ʹܹնɱԷҲҪ˺ܶˣ
˵Ϊһ߶ѣҲκͷ϶ǻˡ
ЦȻˣǾսⳡɣߣ˽
㡭ǲʣｻսˣôʧ̫廹ᰵº֡
ڣˣһвҪ̫Դҿ㻹ܹ˵
ǣҪҲȥأЦ
ʲôҲ𶯣Ŀɿڴǲճƣ޻˵
ûҪϹ·Ĳ˵ʲô
һЦˣղŻڴԲѣôҲ֪𣿡
ǺǣȻֻ˵󻰣ҲˡҲڣ䡣
ǵ˼Ѳ룬ˣһǵ˺ܴŪˣôʲô˼ҪʲôĴЩԣϲľǣȥΪֻ˲ûв
ûнڣûʵҲóȻսǿսǱ˵Ͷ̻ᡣ
ЦΪĲ˳ңձһս
¡
ˣ㣬Ⱥ
ʲôĸҶ֣
ЩһϽ
ȥȫΪһս
ҾͿ㵽׶ǿ󡣡һ¶ɱһȭ˹űǿ
һߣ̵ֳֶи˹
ߣһ˹
ÿһǿľ£Բҽ
˶ڿһĻ
ľĳһ֣ѵնɱ
עӣ١
飡
һȭһ߶ԿԷһӱɣڿѪš
һȭһȡ
ô絭ᣬϾǵľ۷壬սʤԿһС

ҽУȫ˳ȥ
ĸվһߣû֣Ѿ˹󺧣ֻ˲䣬㱻˳ȥ
ôܣ
ۿ˾ʧɴ۾
κ޾ҲͰˣǰĸߣĴԵĳϣʵͻƽľüˣһΪ뻯Ƕ߳Уһȫɣһ˺Ȼ𺳡
ǸˣŴͣɴ۾š
ǰһ˹ȥȷɡ
վӵôҲҪ𣿡
Щӵһʵп־塣
ЦҪΪԼĴˣͿԳˣҵ·Լߣ˹ܲˡ
ת˻ȥ
ĸŭһȺСǰ˲ңǳ裬бߣ񣬺޲̾նɱǰСӡ
ǻǵ͹˵ʵĸһϣȻ˲䱻ܣѵͻȻһ־뷨˲ͱѹȥˣΪǸͲܣϣһˣûУˣ϶ҲûΪһǶˡ
ǶһۣԿ뷨ΪǸ˿ߵһܹ͵ȼ磬Ȼһжֲ̫ˡ


352 ɽ·
ˣ·徻ˡ
ЦվϴԵİ˲ֱӡ
ܰûΪ˷ǳ𺳡
ˣߣ̫ǿˡ
㡭̫ǿˣգˮ̿ˮߵǰʮ˵
ȻڸսӴʱ򣬾;ߺǿ󣬵ǳԤϡ
Ī˫̥ŮҲԣãŵǿǣ·Ŵֲ˵ģǽҲû߹Ҫȥ
Ȼ
ЦΪʶ̽룬ͬѰ·Լ컯֮ء
գ·̤һʯס
ʯϳ̦Ŵ˺ܾã̫ࡣ
˿ȥиӣ֪˵Щʲô
Ϊ·һֲ·ܶǰʱߵĶһ·ǽҲ⣬ڣǸߣȻ˴󵨣һ·ѵĲ¾ʹȥ
˫̥Ů૵͸
ĪҲ૵ܲ磬Ҳڴˡ
С۾ɵĺܴˣ̫𶯣ԭΪʵС֪˼ôǿ󣬶ңȻһ̤·Ӷû߹Ҫ
ˮ૵֣ԺҪȾơ
Ϊ·Ҳ̤ϣڶġ
͵ϵˣڷ棬Զϧˣˡ
ˣĸܵߣ˿̤̿ȥҲǸ
û뵽
·ϣдֲ˵ģǰҲ˺ܶˣڣһߣȻ̤ϣ͵ˣԿ
ǰһ·߸ңΪʲôǲң߰ɣһ·
ߣ֪͵Ҳвˡ
ߣǿȥ̤ʯϣû
˿̣̤ʯϵʱ͸оһɷǳȫʹΪһ˲Ҳ˵ڳΪһͨˣЩ͵Ҳˡ
̤һ
֮䣬ѹ壬ʹһ˲䣬Ȼ֮졣
һ·ѣʹдֲҲ컯
˵ţǰ
Ǽ͵ˣҲʼȥ
˹ע
˵Щˣ˺ܶĿ⣬Ҳǣ˺ܶ˵ġ
ɹ·ʲôֲڴ
ǰҲ˵ֻʧȥеõΣԽջҲԽô·ϣȻд컯컯ʲôڴ
컯·ϣµ֡
ۣһС
ʱɽϣһӰ
ӰǸˣһ£
̼䣬ؼ䶼Ŀⶼ˵ϡ
ˣ̫ˣֱ˼䣬һһһζǿ
ˣǽ

һӣط
˭Ҳû뵽ʱ̣ɽ
˫̥Ů˹ȥĪҲ˹ȥֱɽ߳Ӱ
Сһ̣ǳˡ
죬ˣ
ôѵҲ·𣿡
컯ѵΪ·ţ
Ȼ𣬽עŽ
ϴЦݣЦºͣ͸Уʹøů紺һ㡣
Цų˵˵ͷ
ò˵һǳˣ·˼䡣
գĪǰЦĪ꣬þò
һִԣǳĺϵ׻˶˼Ȼܹ
Ī꿴Ŀڣǰþò㻹ðɣ
һжáЦЦˣĿʡ
ˮվһߣȻһҲò˵ĺܷͬһ㡣
˫̥ŮЦѵֻĪ꣬û𣿡
̻˫飬ܵЦЦº͡
ŮЦŶ㿴ǸˣǸߣҪĪأ
ǰ㿴˼ҶѾֲ̤Ĺ·ˣҲӦϰȻǵӡһŮЦգŴ۾ƺ뿴Ž̤·ڴ
Īһ£ڣҿ㻹ǱȥɣΣա
𣿡
ĿڣЦţΪ·ǰϣΪˣٴοʧȥܹΪĹ·
ǣĻΣյġĪ꿪ڡ
ڵ𣿡Ц
Īһڽֻǽ䵱һѣȻ˵һȢڣﰵ̾һ˵ǰɣ
лл
Цţ絭ᣬ㻹ǵһιңȻˣҸҪˣȻΪˣ˵ҽ𣿡
ЦתȻǹ·ȥ
ʲôҪȥ
ûһˣӽӳҿ߻ôš
ǰ޵еģʹ·컯ôҲڽӵģǾĿŰɣŽôǸ߲ڽ¡
Һڴ
Ȼ飬Ŀʮ˷ܡ
Ͼ͵ʮ콾֮ףĿе޵дڣֻʤʧܡ
ղţı֣Ƿǳһ߶ѣôţ浱͵
񣬽ȥô
¶˷֮⣬ޱڴ
Ĵĳ˽ǰ
ӣҪȥһСĵʵ
º͵ЦΪʲôȥ
һ˵·ϣдֲ
û˵꣬һҽȻֻڹ·ϵļ͵ˣһƤƵģһӱˣѪģʯ嶼Ⱦˣʬ޴档
һĻ
ô£
ںȻУ⼸ˣȻһѪǣ绨ţʮ־ˣ˿־塣
ģô£ô𣿡
̫˿־ˣûȥȻҲˡ
Ȼһֲ·˵
ǿǸôûô£ѵ̫ǿ𣿡
ɣ϶߲·ͷڴһĻ
Ȼ𣬴ſ־壬Ҳڴ
ҲĿһĻЦȻº͡
Ա˵ҿ㻹Ǳȥˣûʲô塣
ǰĹ·֪˶콾˶ţαȥ
Ȱ˵ҪýҪȥ
ΪǿǸˣûлȥĿܡ
ˣЦȻңҽΪβңҵ·ûκ˿
㡭Ǻαأһ̾
ڣҲҪ֤ʲôΪҪ·ϵ컯
˶ôˣһʮ·֪̾˵ЩʲôȥȰˡ
Ц˵ˣҵ·Լߡ
˵ţȻ·̤ȥ
̣𶯡
ȥˣ⡭һԳɹ
ûڴɣ·ܣܿҪҿڴӹ
ǵȻʤؽ͵Ǹߣôܹ뽣ȣˡ
ۣ˵ڴ
Ī̾һ˶·ϣĽΣ˭Ҳ֪в
˫̥ŮĿ֪Щʲô
ˮһ£ȻҲ˹ȥ֮䣬Ⱥ䶯ţѵҲҪȥҪ֪ǿһֲ·ӿʤ
Ŀ


353 ʶ
ˮҲ߹ȥ䶯ʵǿΪʮ콾֮һҲҪ̤һûϣ·ѵ뽣
ĪһԼһѣ˽ǰˮҪȥ
ˮЦһѣҵ·
˵仰뿪ŵ̤˹·
ȺĿȻѾȥΪѪп£񽣳ȥһˣѵΪԼߵյǲţΪ·ĺѣ⣬κ˲̤롣
ǽ죬Ϊһߣ·ٴοѪǣҲ۵컯
컯˿ڣĿ⸴ӡ
ǿȥˣ
˾һȺ߳͵ʮ콾֮һ򣬴˴澪ٳ֣ȻĿ£̤Ϲ·һʲô·Щ콾׷
ҪпܣҲȥǣ̫ˣ˿ڣ̾Ϣ
ǲϣ̫ǣ˵Ŀ־塣
˿̣̤ڹ·ϣһ˰㣬Ŀ⳯ǰȥһƬɣ··ûоͷܹ죬Ҳʥ
档Ȼļ䣬𶯡
ͬʱѹڴǿ崫
һ֮·
Ҳһ֮·
·йأΪҸܵתܵĴڡ
ϣ״ʲô
ǽŲûͣ£һһ̤ϣ棬Ҳƽ
ٶȺǴһɣܿ죬߱һӰǽ·ϴڵѹ·ûиܵһֳȻƽǱ˫֣ܿͳ·ûпһۣ߹ߣӣڶԷûˡ
˿̣ĿȻҲûôƽ˲䣬Ȼ𣬵˷ڡ
ǽӣٶ̫ˣô׾ͳǸߣ컯϶ǽӵġ
ûôܸȣЬ䡣
Ҳ˰ˣӵһֺͷȲϡ
ۣЦûͣ
ĪüоЩ
ССЩ԰ףСָ߬ĽģţҲ֪ԼΪ˭ţ𣿿ǣĿһֱǸһϡ
˫̥ŮŹ·վû˵ʲô
顣
ͻȻŲһ٣ǸܵʲôȻȻóʯϣϥ
Ķ˵Ŀⶼһ١
ôͣˣڸʲô
ѵʲô𣿲ȻΪҪͣ
Ǽֲסˡ
һ仰ԼҲţǵĿЩΪͻȻͣ£ȫǵ˼֪Ϊʲôͣ
Ĵĳϣʱ𶯣е˼飬ӸղŽսǿ󣬲Ӧһλͣѵķʲô˲ɣǱ˴˶һۣȫǳ𾪣Ų˼顣
ôܣ
ģ츳ΪֱӴǴʯ߹϶ûʲô컯ߣһŪˣ
ûСѣΪǣ뽣ȣӶûзʲôΪԼ𣿡
ЦЦֻΪŪˡ
˲ô룬ˮ˿ҲߣȻûԥľϥ·Ҳܵʲô
û˷ҲϵҲûԥľϥĸܵʲô
һ̣Ȼ䣬رð
ǰˮͣҲͰˣϾѾڸ¥ϰѾԻϵܺõӣǶﾹȻҲͣͷͬ죬ѵĴʲôɣ
ѵǸߣķʲô
˽Ͱ͵˵Ų˼飬ɴ۾
ΪĺţУӣܵ񻰣Ѿǳʯ߹ûͣҲ˵ûзʲôڣˣͣ÷ǳ£֪׸˭
ǵķʲôǹ飿
ûעǵĻ˿ϥ⴦̨ϣʲôоԼϥʱԼΪڻ۶ĺܾˣϾΪԭѹ
ң·ʯϣȻһƵϢû壬ʱУȻԼʶڻ
ʶʲôȻΪԲ𺳡
Ϊĺܾˡ
һֱյʱ䣬ŸоϢûˣ˿ָ̣˵һ
ָܹоǾתȻǰ̫ࡣ
⡭컯
վϴı顣
ʲô飬Īõʲôɣ
˿ڣ˵ʮ𾪣·ܾˣ̤ϣǴյ߳Ȼֻһ֣Ǿ
ԣ˲ž壬̤ϡ
ڣǶо﷢ʲôԣĲĿûޱȡ
Ͳס̤ȥûйãһըΪѪһĻʵھˣúֹܶ
ķʲôɣ
˫̥Ůվ鶯ǣϢд˾ݣôܣ
ԵĪҲʮ𾪣û뵽ȥ󣬾Ȼķʲôʵ޻˵
ǿ쿴ˮͶҲվˣǵϣǸһͬı飬죬˵ĵõʲô
˴Ǵʯվ𣬻Ȼϴ벻˼顣
ʱȺͻȻÿܶ˹Ŀ⿴ȥȻĴ峤ȶˣ̻ĻҲһӱø
ЩˣΪ˵ľϾһԴбʵܲǿ󣬱ǲᱻǣõϢǸߴӹ·Ϻõ컯ŴҴҸ˹
ʵ̫ˡ
ܿģĴȥ
Щˣ̤ϵ·һߣû߹Ȼ䣬㱬ˣ˻𣬴Ųʡ
죬ô£ǸĳϣѾǵľˣʵǿ󣬿ôûͻȻͱˣô£
˺Ȼš
˿ڣ·죬ʵ޹أΪ̤ȥΪ⣬ͬһˣ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô
ܲϣпĺݳ˵䣬Ŀ⳯˫̥Ů˹ȥǶʽ̻һĻ
Ҫ֪͵ܹ̻ᣬһĴɵˣʽ̻ĵǿ
ڣӵ·̤ʵ޹أôʲôйأͷƤ飬̣Ҫѯʹ·һС
Цʣǣ־йذɣ
զ࣬ǣǸĳϣ˵ľȻԤʾŶԷʸǷܺãȻܹľ磬Ĵ󾳣˶ܹߵһģеˣڶͻƲˣ˵еˡ
񣬵ľڹ·϶һ룬ʹͷţʵ̫ˡ
飡
ʱһը
ѪţޣһӣˣϢȥ˻ûд˿־壬·ͬһħ˵Ѫ⣬ɲ
ʱȻٴͣ
˵Ŀⶼϣϴ벻˼飬ţĪַʲôɣ


354 ֮·
ȷʵǷʲôȻͣ
˿̣Ҳһ룬ʯ·һ·عÿһԲܹ֣֮Ϊھһ֮·
˿̣ϥ£תһΪʱɽϿգȻԿ˾޴УתһĻ˲䣬ɴ۾ЩĴ峤ȣǳ𺳣е˼顣
죬ʲô
ǾǶ뵽˿ϳֱ仯ôԤʾǸڹ·ϣĵõʲô
УĿڹ·ϵǵӰĿ⸴ӡ
ԭˣǵϣڣǵĿ
ΪǸߣڹ·ϣõ컯Ϊ˿Ѿ֤һС
·ϣ𶯡
һ·ƽһ̣ﲻƽԼ콾Լ߹·Ӧõõʲô컯ԼģΪʲô˶ȥˣȻȻ˫֣˵ĸоƮѵӣףȴǳŤǲʡ
컯Ӧ
漣Ӧ
ʲôʲô
Īд׵ϢʱЦ
ɽʱʱȻЦ
Ϊ콾͵һˣûаܹ
ȥᣬᣬڣᡣ
˫֣·ѣȥ
ˮͶʱҲ
ʵϣҪҪжĻٶҪ࣬ǣΪǸо컯ںηֻܸĽŲͣȻҲͣ
Ľǡ
˫̥Ů૵ĵ컯˭Ҫһ˿Ī꣬ЦĪ㣬ϲϵ˹Ȼûʧ
Īû˵ʲôʵϣı֣ҲԤϣû뵽·ϣĵõʲô
ʱһЩˣȫӿ·
û߼һը
·խǣ۽ˣԵӵ㣬·Գһ硣
˿̣ĪվһɽϣϴζЦݣ˫֣ĬĬһУãСӣҵ컯еؽҪ߰Ϲŵ·ᵤԪӤǵĵ徳ҲǸյѣСӣɣĺڴ
ţ󣬵ȴһĨȡ
á
յʱȥٴվΪ⴦ʯϣĵڶָҵᴿ࣬оһ־ǿ
ٴ·
˿ţĿͣʯλãμУΪ컯˭õڲȥŽĳһǲҡ
Ĵ峤ˣΧһŸ£Ͼ·̫пᣬʹľȥҲȥĶˣǼֱһûݵʧ뿴ġ
ҪСܻǾͶ֣þǡ
û·ϵ컯Ӧ͵ƾʲôһߵȥ٣󣬵ȴеõ컯ʱڡ
ûһߣҲҶȡ͵컯ǻˡ
˵顣
Ҫ֪·͵ϣ֪˶ʱ䣬˽죬ΪԵʣڿ˭ĶϾǿɴžĶһڷɣԽ
ãٴͣ
ڣû𺳣ǱĽ뼵ʣɱΪǿ·͵ģ컯ҲӦǵģڣȻһ˵ȥǵ
뷨ʵûʲô˵
Ҫ߳·¾Ҫپһս
ʱӦûְɣ
жʽ̻᣿
Ĵ峤Ŀ峤£˵׵õʲôĴҪ֪ʹͶ̻ţҲҪһս
ûȻǱģ·ͱĴ忴أ컯ҲӦĴģǵҲ˵Щʲô
ߣҪǸ˺ѣһսΣ
˵󣬴Զȴ˺ܶ˵顣
գ˫̥Ů˹ǰүүʱǶ̻ᶯ𣿡
Цá
ΪʲôŮգգ۾ǲ⡣
Ц겻򵥰ңô˼Ϊ·ϵ컯˭ᣬĴͷһա
үүô𣿡һŮ̾
߿ڹ·ϵһۣ˵ȷʵүү˲뽣¡
нô
˲⣬Ͼ͵ϣһֱǲܵ񻰣ǳǿ󣬺ǰǵľ۷ʵΪжôǿ󣬺
ҪĪͻƣ徳͵ʵһˣͷĪˣһǳֲ콾ʹŮԣԽʱҲ뾴ء
ЦǺǣ·ؼˣ浽׻ʲôڴ
˫̥ŮĻ룬Цүү߳ˣǹȥ׻ô
ǿɲУҿɲɰŮգҪǱˣҵȥްֺǺЦ
Ů΢죬үүǸһϲĪֲ꣬ǣϹʲô
ҵŮôƯɲСߺǺЦԶȴʮָӡ
˵˵ﶼǸӵġ
Ϊ
ȥˮͶ˹ʺˣţǵ컯ҲͰ
ǰҪǾͺˣϧûǸ
˵ĲǼٻΪ·ˣֻĸˣںߣȫˣΪѪʯɲ
Ҫ֪ղſǳȥ˲ֹһˡ
ȴȫˣûһ˻Ҳֲ̫ˣͷƤ顣
⵽һʲô·̫Ѫȣ
ǰô˶ˣҲ콾ȻˮȣҲ콾ʺ͸˵ҲǳΪʲôջʵ⡣
ǰһ˾·ûе
˵
۷׷ףʱţٴվ𣬵Բһ޵·ܹоһ⣬ǰ֪Ҫǿ˶٣ң⻹õ컯ΪʶĽ컯̫С
·˵컯˰㵽վʱȻһ̾ڣģڵĶΪĪֶΣȻһΪ뵽һ£ǾԼһУǲĪİš
ϾĹ·ţԷĶ
ѵҪҵ֣ȡ·ϵ컯
гǲӦðϾ컯˵ģ˵飬ҹֻ飬ˣŻ̤·Դȡ컯ţӦˣûô򵥣Ͼһ·йأıĳĪҲʮĶ
ţԼһ
һֱڣĪˣ͵ϣûܿġ
ˣһһɣҪǱ˰Ƴͺˣڵʶ̽ô飬κν䶼ûзŹҲ⣬˷ѽⰡ
̾һٴ·˿̣Ҳ쵽·յ㡣
һӣ˵Ŀⶼϣǵ𶯶ˡ
ϾԹ·û߳ġ

ڴţȭͷյĺܽܽ


355 ͻ
ӣ쵽յ㣬죬ڴ漣ݡ
ǹһˣ̤һ컯ڴ
ûʲôˣ͵Ĳ񻰣һڳУ˵Ҳǵһˣһߣܷ
һڽӵ컯ͻƣ徳ʱʲôߣȫڻ¡
˷ܵĿڣȻ𣬸ղţı֣ķ𶯣̫ѹ֣еĽӣ񻰣۷壬̤һڴͬڻӭĹ
ʱ򣬾Ĵ峤ҲĿ˸ʮ𶯣ܹ߳ΪŽһˡ
ĪվС飬ǰиӡ
Ҳ֪ʲô飬С㣬ӿ߳һ𣿡
ĪĬƬ̣ڣɣ
˫̥Ůվ࣬Ź·ϵİӣ̾ò˵ĺǿ߳ʹû컯ôҲǹŽһˣǣ컯أʱͻƣ徳죬󡭡
ȷʵᣬѾ߱ʵ˵徳ܹ뵺棬ʱǶָ̻ô죿ŮૣЩࡣ
ЦѾͷǶˣԵĻʵʱ䣬ûĶ֣Ȳ
뵽ŮҲһΪȷʵ˿壬˵徳ȷʵûд˭֪ʲôʱأһֱʵأ˵Ҳûпܡ
뵽Ůо𺳡
һɽϣĪվĿ⿴ԶĳƮ裬ԣɷǵӣˣڵһҲҺһˣͻƣǾջʵʱˣʵ̫ɬһЩҪɳ
ƽݣȴһĨ뺮⡣
ûܹµ˵˼Щʲô
ţˣ㣬һ𣬳ϷȥգͣҪͣ£Ϊ⴦ʯףҪĵĸǴ˿̣ϷϣǾ޴Уٴ۶ת䣬ѹˡ
һĻʮ𺳡
ߵһȻôµ͵Ͽգһ̣ƺû谵ĩٰ㣬ĵ׷
ģѹ֣䣬ҪƵģ
쿴ӾҪ߳ˣ죬ԽԽˡ
ʲô⣬Ȼ˹⣬һǽɫ˽ӵϣ⣬컯𣿡
ѹ־壬˵Ŀⶼڽϣһ̣𶯣Ϊ˽⣬˽ϣһĻ̫𺳣ֱ˼
ʹߣһĻɾˣ񻰴˵㡣
ڵõ컯ǲܵģͻƣʲôߣͳͳնɱָ̧ѡ
ûʲôˣڵõ컯Ǹʲô컯ڽǰʲôǡ
ЩˣȻǽġۡЦƺҪղŵѹȫ飬Ҫ֪䣬ǵĽӣǲܵ񻰣κ˶ᳬԽΨһ
˿̣ԡ⣬һվˣƮѣ𻯷㣬𺳡
ͰˮˣҲһĻ
ò˵˿̵Ľĺܾ߱˰㡣
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ĺܾˣ䡣
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ૣΪֻ֪һ߲һ·ڵһʱһ֣Ϊ棬һ·ͬߵ·
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ʱǴɽϵĪɫƽͫȴǲȻ컯̫һǵ͹ˡ
Ҳء
쿴ʲô
ͻȻ˴ţ˼顣
˶ɴ۾Ŵ͡
Ϊһ̣У˿̣Ȼһѽ
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ڿȥһ˲ƺҪȥ
⡭⵽ô£Уôһѽģֱš
̫˼ˣǽһ·һʲô·ô
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͵Ŀ⣬˿̣ǰѡɽϡ
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˫̥Ů˿Ϊ𶯣ϾֵĶ̫𺳣ֱҪ˵
ɫҲ𺳣ʱૣõĶҶԤϲδˣܹ͵棬Ҫˡ
Ͼġ̫˼飬˭֪ƿغ󣬻ӵжôǿ
ӣ
СգۣૣԱߣĪվ˴ʱҲһûῴǰˣǵ˴˿̣ǵ͹˶ԷΪ͵Žһˣǹ·߳Ǳ衰ɽ֮ˣľ컯͵䶯˶Ŀȡ
δһǣ֪ж̤·ΪѪ
·ֻ߳ᱻʲô
⣬˿̲ģǱ뵽Ĵȡ
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˶ţȻ󿴵ǻԡڽĽǴɽȥôԿ˿ڱۣǰɽƯǰ
ʱţͻȻּ̧ۣ䣬סǰɽ
ɾסɲǣһɲϣ
ǲƣѹ
ѹֻڵϸܹ
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ͻƵ˵徳̫ˣӣ͵콾񲻽ͻƣһɽ½˭ǵ֣𣬵ϴӰɣڴһ̣
ͻˣ˵⣬Ϊ˵ڶ徳ˣʵʲô߶ڻ£ҿʲôģͲþУԽӵʵ˭Ķ֣
˿˵
Īһ
ò˵ӵɽһ̤뵽˵徳Ľĺǿ͵һûĶ֡
ǣԼҪ޸
֪ΪʲôĿϣڴҲʡ
ӽ˵һ޿޵꣬ʵǿּһˣеãŮ޸һˣǻĻĽ
ǣĪ꣬ĽЩ
ֻ뵽ͶԷվһʱûʲô˵ѹ֣أһ𣬺ƽҲ⣬·ǸԼ˵ʲô˵ʲôʲôʲôûʲô˼ɣһжȻܿģҲܿ֡
ǣѾ͵Ϊбףǲܸĵ飬ˣԼţܹ߳գսʤ
ΪãԼҪûѡĻֻڽ˼䣬ѡһʣһЩΪһԼԼ
ǣ
š


356 ʵ
ͻƣ̤徳ʱ˷ƣ˶𺳡
Ҫ˵̤徳û˻ỳɣǣʵ̫ˣȻ콾һһˣ֮µһˣʱ򣬻ɷǳ𺳣󣬱ڡ
Ϊͻˣ̤˵徳
͵ϣڳ˵ڶ˾ˣңôᡣ
˭ܹ֪ǰˣգߵһ
Щ˺ü١
һŬԼƽȻĿϣΪƾֱˣ𺳡
ڴš
ܶ˶ĿϣеıģеĳҲе¶ڴϾô˵ǰˣĺܲ·ͣĴΣÿһζȻõ컯컯Ľ
˭֪·ϵʲôΪˣԲŸӵĽ
ӹ·߳վɽһ̽ĳ´ԣͬ˰㡣
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վĿ⿴·ųȻŸӣ棬ᵤԭˣԭ徳Ҳѣ滹˶ľ磬·һ֮·ԶߵĴС
УĿϣϴЦºͣȴһĨ䣬ֻԶǿ
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ڴҲڿ־塣
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ģȻһڶ


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̻ɽӣһⴹ䣬һǲ
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龰񻰴˵һ㣬ûһ˲٣⡭Ҳ̫ˡ
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ˣҪȡǬΪ˭ϳı
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ǬΪһ⣬ֻаƴƯǰ
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˶ӰӣӰģȴĵѹ
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⡭磬ôĵ죬ģѵǺ͵һ𣿡
ԭǵϷԭô磬ǿҼ콾ڿǣ
ģˣһۿȥǶǿ󰡣
͵䶯ˣֱš
͵֣飬ÿһ˶֪ʼΪֻһ죬͵ڣܹ뵽͵Ȼصģڶൺһ֣⡭ʵ󣬼ֱš
ʱ̣Ҳһ
ĵ죬Ҳ̫˵㣡
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ɽϣĪվţĻ·֪࣬ڴΪ۾һ̺лð˳ǿ̰ڴ
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һ̣վͫȻһ˺󼸲ɫ𺳣ΪԼǿˣ͵ϣǵһĵһǴൺǿΪǵĿҲ˹еʵȻҲҪ
⡭
˲伱١


357 Ǹ½Ǹ
ڣڶĵ죬ڣǿӰһ̣ƺ
˺ٵʱȻڶൺ֮ϣٴγһǾһ顭޴Ĵ½߼ʣ̫ڰ硣
һ̣һ˫۾ɨеĵ죬ôԺȻϵӰڿǿ½һ˲˲䶼ü٣ֱ㣬Ŀ¶
Ǹ½е֮ϣÿһУһͷǾǸ½ڣûˡ
ʱһȻУ𣬴ŻԺĲΣֹ
ĮųѣˣǴӹ·ϣ߹ˣԽ½þ촫У⴫ǰһޱ޼󷨵ĶҲ˵ǣΪǿ½ˣΪһϵĴڣ֮ϡ
⡭ܲ˷
һ̣Ҳǰδеļ
Ϊ˭ҪǵõУ˭ӵǼôͿ˵ǣൺףΪؼΨһҲ˵ܶ˵ĶҪõȻԼҪڱ˵Ǿ̫־ˡ
ৣ
ʱڣǿ½ϣˢͽϣֻ˲ѣ˱ʧӰ
˶ڿһĻ˲伱١
ĪɲǼ䣬˲·Ȼںܶʱڣߵյ㣬һӰʧ
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˫̥Ů٣Աߵߣүүȥǿ컯˭ܵõУ˭ӵǼؼΨһ˵ǻʵۣΪӣ⡭ǿȥɣ
ǰȥˣǴб˵õǿɾˣŮɫǳᶨһҪ̤·ȥǿ½ȡ컯
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ɾ˵䣬ǹ·ϣѪǷڶ̶̵ʱڣȥˣڣ˵ķ٣Ŀгһ˿
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Ȼڴǰˮõһѵõһӣ
ĵ˷֣Ī뿪ʱûеõ
С㣬ô찡
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Сһֱڣûд𺳻عֻԺ˵ġ
Ī꣬һ
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ΪûԼƽڿԼϴڵıףԭֻǸ׿һڣĿľΪ͵֪Ȼ󲻵ò̤·Ȼƿɴ
ԭΪ˵õǴС
Ϊ˳Ϊס
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ڣܵ˵һж޹ˣףȻǲپˣ̧ͷգǰĴ½ϣ૵ףǻ𣿡
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ҪȥģĪһ
ˣܵ˵ĺѣĲϲԺҲˡ
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Ī꿴̤Ϲ·뵣ǣڣû£̤յ㣬䣬ǻ֣Ци
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Ǵ½ᣬӣܶӰӰԺ𣿻Ҳˣ


һƬģһʱΧһУȻһżһսѹ֣ڰȥΪϣݹǣ¶ȥ
Χ龰Ҳ𺳡
ҪսѪƯ֡
գһһƴСǰ˸ϼ⣬ǳá
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꣡
ͻȻһ֧ɱħ㣬ƺҪסֱüġ
ûԥеС̧

֧ײСϣ죬˺󼸲ѿѪˮ䡣
Ҫ֪ڿǵľ۷壬ʵһ˸Ķ֣֧ʱǿˣǷͬһ㡣
һ˳ɫĮû뵽һ콾Ķһ
ʲôЦ
ǣվժͷ­ϡЦ乭һƣգΪһͷ­ſڣɶ
⡭
ĿһûмĶҲ壬߶뵽Сڡ
ˣ
СɲǱ󣬵ǰ

ûЩȫײǶϣɲǼ䣬
Ȼ߶һɲϯ˲ѣǸӱƻУȻѪɲǼΪѪȻ
Ҳû뵽СȻǿ󣬲ңʱھƿأԽԽ졣
ˣ
Сٴαðƴ󣬱С
˷ڣδУˡ
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ৣ
û߶ãһϯɲǱҪûʱС֣⣬֡

һ졣
һӣƺţȻܹӹһСȻһ˹ȥ
ۣ
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һ
һӰ߳ӰǿϢ߳Ȼ̤뵽˵徳Ҳ·ϵ
磬عԲٿ֮ɷС
һӰʧ


358 
һʧ
سɴ硣
ֲž߱ͨǳǿ
Ӱʧգǰһɽոսʱĺɽƣǳ־塣
ɽܰ磬ҲܴĹ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣
·
£ɽ϶ȥľ֣ᣬΪѹڰ·ɽһͷް㣬˿־塣

ʱϷս죬ʮּҡ
˹ȥ
ȻϤӰȻ˫̥Ů˿̣һȺΧţ˺ܲңˣƯ·Ҫɥʡ
ʱǿ
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һӣʣ˫֣վȺУĿ˹̨·ﲻͨ
оʵвǿ󣬲ԸС
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˿̣ֱǵľǣܲȡ
ǸĿЦԭʶȻˣɱˣ䣬飬£˳Цɱ
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ͣ
գ˶ҳѪ

Ŀйâһһ˴֣һ˹죬ȻԿǸ˴ϣϣһ׳֣˻𣬴
һͨ徳ǿߣֱӾͱɱˡ
˵һˣ߶ΪǬٴαһɢ˲䣬Ǻײһ𣬺ֱӱȻ³һѪɫ䣬ƺû뵽ǬȻô̫Եˡ
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ǾʱӴһ̽Ȼһѵ˲䣬㳯˫̥ŮնȥУĳһĵâϯأնУŮ̾Ҫ

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ٴοڣ֮ʣǬȻ˵ϣ˲ѣ˵ӰʧֱӱսǬڡ

һ̣йעһĻˣȫȻԸе˼飬Ҳ̫ˡ


365 ն콾
ѹǬ飬Ǭߴô𣿡
ߺͰӣ˿̣е𶯵ĲˣҲ󲻵ƾԼʵһСѹˣǬҪ˵ȥ¶û˻š
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ЦΣգ̫࣬һ·ɣ
ˡ
ˮҡҡͷʵ̫ǿҸĽŲң컯̫󣬲ҰˮܹõģҾֻϣʵһЩûˡ
ðɣ
ĻҲ˵ʲôˮ˵ĶԣԼкܶսԼߣȷʵ˺ܶΣգȻ·뿪
ߺˮ˵ʵ̫С᲻컯
ʧˮ̾û뵽ѾߵôԶˣҲҪŬ
뿪󣬾ͳһȥȻǴڵĵط
ʵѾǽ𵤾ڿгʱУٶȸǼ죬;˴ӰЩ˿ϵ¶η֮ɫӵƵĵȻǽᵤ֣û뵽Ǹˡ
ҵûȥǴһ
Թԣ˿ᣬʵôǿѵһϹ֡
˿ڣ𾪡
պһ޴ĺǰͣ˵ǺˣǺΪ̫ˣޱ޼ʣˮ峺ڰߣ˿վӰʵȻĺǲԽΪ˭Ҳ֪ǲʲôµΣա
˹ȥЩ˾壬׷ǰ
ܿģ֪˹⴦Ϣ룬һɽУ
ȻһЩ̵ĵӣ˽ܶࡣ
߶ǬȥҪ뿪
ʱԶһ콣ӰϯƣɲǱ㳯֣ᣬȻҪһɱ

ŭû뵽ǰˣȻԸ׾Ͷɱ֡
ǽϣһӣʮӡ
죬ǲ޹Ҳϵˣ
˷ȻӦͬһ죬ˣʮ˷ܣ˵ʵȻǾη
ᵤһ֣
ɽϣ̾ЦʵϣҲû뵽ղһȻ˲䵲£Ȼһ
˵Ը˼㡣
Զ˶
ΪϾҪоһսǽᵤֵĴսƣһôܹеסһɢĽ⣬󣬿¾ܹѹɽԼ
˴壬˰ֳ

ڣŴ󶦾ͳ˹ȥȻԷˣҲûʲô˵ģȽǡ
е㵨
ЦɲȴķģȻȻ
飡
;УһüľȻѿѪ˿ԹȥղŶԷĹ깥ʤʶǿ˲ɷ״ڸղһ˲䣬Ҫ˲һնΪˡ
ף
ûȥһԵЩ⣬Ȼû뵽Լһ֮£Ȼû
еֶΣˡ
Ц˹ǿţ
콾һУʵ˵˼㡣
˲䣬˴һչսܾ죬·ɽغıһء
ͬһˣ𺳣Ǹ˭ôǿ󣬾ܺ޹棿
¡¡
սϴ򵽵£ִӵ´ϣƣǿ񱩵˼㣬һƵķ˲ҽУ˲ΪѪ͵ֵס̫ǿˡ
Ӱ
˿־У֣֮־ڴսʵСȴδϣҲиԵļˣڣһ˲һ
ܲˣûһ̡
Цٴγ˹ȥǿɱС
𣬽ն㣡
ЦŴ󶦳˹ȥһõĹƣ޷ȥݣھ졣
ͣ
ͻȻٽǬɱԷһֱ۱ΪѪҽУɫš
Ҫɱ𣬽·
ˣڸղŻûʱһϮҪնɱԼղŸỰôȻҲûʲô˵ģŴ󶦸ҪԷϡá
ôܣ
һ̣޴󾪣ԼôǿŵԼδྫʣһ̣ҪӴҪɢ

󺰣Ѫ˽ͨ˻Ϊգâؼ䣬ۣһ̣Ҳо˾޴ΣһɲǣǬ˲䣬һâϯȫײǬϣ졣

·˲ҽУֱӱâûֱӾʧˣֲ̫

Ǭ𶯣ڴһ㣬Ľͨɱ̫ǬУȻѪҲˡ
ˣǿ󡣡
ȻԼ̫СЩڶൺϣȻĴ̫ǿ콾еľԪӤΪᵤǰҲϣзǳء
ܿģ콣âɢȥһˣһ𶦣С
˿̣ޣȫѪãʮ־ˡ
ৣ
Ǭ֣ޣԷ¶־֮ɫԼյĽͨȻûɱˣǸʲôôôǿ
ɣ
ûжķϻ˿̶Էã̫ңһָȥȥһâ⽣âѹ˹ȥɫ״䣬һ˻𣺡
ۣ
һͷ­
ٴһնԷһ룬һŽ𵤳֣һץ˹Ǭﴫ𵤸ңдá
ͷӽǬǰȻһ¡
ԶһƬޣȴǿڣ𣿡

һ󲨶߳һʮ˶ӣ͹棬֣ٺЦѣҿûвǵķ
ûлӶԷϸܵǿʵûе⣬û˵ʲô߶Ǭ˻һ磬Զȥ
뿪󣬷ĲһѺˮģЩôүòľ磬֣Ȼʲôǣģⶼʲô°̫ˣ
һҧͬĳڵķȥ
Ǵкڵĵط
⴫У롰ɡйأеһȻ˶ġ


366 ̫
ǬⶦǳǿһķٵĿǰΪֹûʲôܹݻߵģȫģһߴ߶Уһ߽Ŀ⿴
˿̵ϥȫǿŽ𵤡
ҪϣţŮӶȻӵǿʵ
е𶯣ħûм
˫̥ŮһֱϥһԣΪԵʣǵʵҲڿٵǸеϲһֱȥ£߳Ƭ½ʵʱԽ̫̫ࡣ
ʱţܿ죬ȥ
һֱڷУǰȻһ޼ʵĺˮ˵ǺˣǺ
ˣ
ͻȻһԶƴ󣬲ãֱ죬ʶ̽˳ȥһӾ𶯣ΪǰȻһЩĻ棬ֻϳһſž޴ǳȻħӰޱߴˡ
龰ֱԤ
ʲô
дΪ𶯣ңǹѪȫղܿƣյ˹㣬ҪǾ޴ħӰȥҪǽȥˣ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô̫ڿ־塣
ۣ
ͻȻȻУ׹һӰǸǰӣ˿̿ҪɢҪˣ£ȫѪʹͨ뷨ҲУ̫ڼѣңʱԼˣ壬Ѫ⣬ۿɼٶȿή
̫ˣ
ѣң
ʱӳĺУһֱǱţû뵽һ̣Ȼôֲ飬ƺҪ̻ȥƵġ
ȻҲĺǣΪʲôҪȥ㣬Ͼڵλã̫ǰˣ˷ëҪǹȥԼҪȥ飬˭ȥ
ƺܹ뷨ӹǺѣһһὫƬϢ㣡
̫־ˣԭֵ˿̳ΪƤǡ
ˡ
ΪƬ½ⳡУȷʵ֪
ңĪҲҪ֪ĸࡣ
ȻҲѯʹѹǬᵤϹ֣˼ҲߣҲûʲô취
˿̣ˣ߶Ǭ⣬˹ȥ
򣡣
գ
֣৵һһӵϣսǬǬԾ˵ٶ뿪

һǬӾʹڵĴһƨ˵ϣҪˣҪٲ£ľҪˡ
˿̣磬һƬذֱֳͿ
˭Ҳ֪Ƭ׷ʲô
ڣˣȻˮǫ̃̄лллԺҶӾ͸ˡ
Ц㲻ˣ
ӲҺҵһⰡ
㶼ʳɹˣĸʲô
˵ҵһˣҰ
ˣڸҹƬϢ⡣
ӹ๾תŮӣ۾ðһĹâ˫̥ŮݺݵһۣЦȻ˹һϢ
ԭƬҲԳ֮Ϊ֮Ϊ麣ҪĵشҲ֮ɽϣͱҪѰһ鴬ֻ˴ʸĽ
˫Ŀһû뵽ӵģһ£ʵղô£
ǺڴŽǣԶŴսʱӰ˵࣬ڣ˵ʱ£ΪղŲˡ
Ȼղŵ龰Ҳоʮ־޴ΣǬȻҲΣգȻ󣬶ͻȻһЦ˵Ȼо޴ΣգҲо޴컯
ʲô컯ʵ
ٺ١
Ц£һ㣬ǳ죬ǵ壬ߺڰ߰ף̺ͺ֮֮Ϊ̫㣬ǵõһֻ̳ȥϣԼֱͻһ󾳡
ʲô
𶯣ˮﾹȻĺö̾ɣ

˵ҪȷʵڲͬǺŽǴĵط̫ۣģҪȥõһ̫㣬죬󡣡
ˮ˵̫㣬Զʱذ֮һֻҪһ⣬ôڽɾ㣬ָоԣ̫㲻Ǵֵζϵ󱦡
ô㻹Ҫȥץ𣿡Ц
Ӵ֣Ȼˣѵ㲻Ķڣ϶ܹɹҪ֪ʸ̤鴬ģҲǽᵤ۷Ϊôൺ죬ԪӤǿҲڣҪʵǿôܺ
ȻڹҪһȥ㡣
˵ҲеڣʵҲŸոսᵤѣЩǿȣ໹̫Զ鴬̤ϣʲôʸȥȡϵĴк
ãҸȥ
ڣûа취飬Ҫʵǿֻȥðա
̫ˣڣİɣ֤¡
ӺٺЦ۾ﶼð⡣
գ·ƬŽǴĵطȥһſŴ׹䣬ħӰ𺳣ֱ̫ʱ㡣
һ󶦣ƴϢȥ
Ž룬ѹԽԽʢң󶦶ʼ
Ȼͽ
Ӹ̾ͬʱ𱦶Ȼڷ⣬һиϯģȻϵһ˰㣬ġ
ʲô
ͻȻ𶯣Ϊǰһ޴ĺǣǺǼɸߣԶž˰㣬ϥںϣһʮ־޴ĺݣһ죬Ǹ﷢
ңǺ·˼ƴ㡣
㣬Ȼ˵һߺһ߰ףһ𣬴ŵϣʮ־ˣϵ£بŶѵһ󱦡
ģ̫㣬ĳˣӴСС
ʵϣһжڹżϿģлûУҲԤϣȻһжˣǼ̫㣬ںԻζѹˣȻһ˺ߵǸط
꣡
ʱͶӾͿˣһֻȻӺǼ̫ץȥĹƣžѹһ֣ЩħӰˣɲǱ
죬ԪӤĸ֡
ͻȻû뵽ĸǱ뵽Ҫȥץ̫㣬Ϊ㣬䣬ĸ֣ҲдãǱ˹һץ˹ȥҪõ
ûжһĻ
ʱȻ䣬һìͻȻ˳˲㽫̴ָֻȻ
һֱ޴Ĺ֣һ֣Ǿ޴ѹϢ;춯أ˲ͳǺ׳ȥ
ˮ

ͻȻһҽдȻѪˮһʬ帡˳һߣüı۾ĴģŲʣƺû뵽ԼȻ
ͬʱһìɳǹìϣȻԿһһС˺ܶ౶ߣڼʹ㷨ʲôãһըҽд
̿ˮ
ΪǸСˣߵԪӤǹìɱˣҲ˵ԪӤߣˣ
죬Һˣ
ӽеɫ䣬ԪӤĸֶһìɱЩᵤСϺףʲôϣ
Ҳ˵ˮ
ԪӤǿߣǵһμһˣҪ֪ǿߣһһףܾԶ£̰һʱ֮еҿ븶ȫⲻò˵ĺ̡ܲ
ڣһ𶦣СĵǱں£һ
ǣȻ䣬ǸìͻȻٶȣɲǶƺƴܾ졣


367 
ģˣ
ڹìֵ˲䣬ӱУɫ԰ֽҪ֪ǸìǽһԪӤֶɱˣôֿܹ
ʱҲһû뵽ìͻȻԼ뿪߶ǬҪӶݣʱǾ޴Զž˲кȻ䣬Ǿ޴Ŀն۾˵ĹɲǱ㽫Ǭס޷ƶֺ
ҵﰡ
ӴСУֱţԶž˾Ȼһ̫ˣֱ˾ΪҪɱֱָ̧Ϳò˵һǳ̵顣
˫̥ŮɫҲ䡣
Σôȥ⣿
򣡣
У˫˻𣬵Ҫǲȫ֣£ҡ
ϯᵤϹ
ҲһǸŮ
ȻҲһĻĻɫ䣬ĻǽһûбѡֻȶɹΣȣȻǬݻ٣ҲˣӲ
֡
ûԥ˶֡
ȫ뵽£Ȼͨ󷨣ȫ۶ֻ˿̵ȫ⣬ǽ⣬ʮ־ˣ˿̣Ҳ̧˫֣
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ϴУ̼䣬Ǭ⣬һԶջһȻ仯ΪһָǰٵĹìһ
䣡
졣
һ첨ϯ޷ȥ̫ھˡ
Ƿָ˲ͱǬ˶Ѫ
оҪ˰롣
˿̣ǸìҲһ棬һ֮£ȻЩƣֱҪ֪ìնɱԪӤǿߣĸҪȥڣǽᵤʵ߶󶦣ȻìһսȻһЩѺۣҪǱ˿¶Ҫ°͡
ϧû˿
ʹˣҲܡ
һܵĳգȻԿһѵĺۼˤĴƿƵģ̫ˡ
ô˫̥ŮҲû뵽˻أ㶼ըˡ
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ѵ˵˵ʱ³һѪܵ˶ôأʱǹìȻ˸һķģǷɢһĪϢȻȻͬһ㣬Ǭ˲
ҪҵˣʹǬ𶯣Ҳ˵һӱ
죬𣿣
ӴСУӶɳˣҪˣָо̫ˡ
ۣ
һѪ˷ǳأڲǹЩʱҪǹìǶˡ
ƴˣ
һ̣ûбѡˣֻܶǬǽͨˣͨһã˶Ҫˡ
̣
С
ż䣬ǬȻĬĬĹâһ糱ϫһӿ󣬰ƴǬȻ󣬰֮ߣ˲ͽ˰˷ơ
̣
Ǭбڳһ޴Уȫɷɡ
Ȼ󣬳ǹìԶžԼ̫ȣȫȥ
⡭
ŴͣţǷһìʮ־ˣʹܹҲҪԪˣڣȻҪԶž˲к̫ȣȫ̹
죬ֱǷˡ
ʵϣⲻˣûа취飬ͨǴΧǹìĺԶž˲кֱڣʲô취ʵʱҲǳż
¡¡
ͻȻ䣬ֻԶž˲кȻζǾ޴Ŀն۾Ȼ˸ĻƺˣΣǿֲ˼㣬ҪǶԷĸˣؼ䣬¾ûĶ֡
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ž޴ƣһȭͷûȻȻͳǬ
һȭֱ;졣
ˣ
Ӵɵ

ڵᵤϹִС
Ǿ޴ȭͷʧɫ·һ̣ż
̣
УҪĽкȥ߶ʹʱ̣Ҳûз
ƴˣ
˫̥ŮУһۡ
һֱûۣղŵһУ·ûиоһ̣˫ȻȻԥĽкע·Ȼ
¡
һȭʧɫ
ǬȻ䣬ͼ粻ȡ
ۣ
˶ڿѪ·Ҫѿˡ
Ҫֲסʱ֣СᣬСǱȻȻ䣬Ϊꡣ
һ
ը
ľע뵽˴

˫̥ŮУʱСദĺܺãڣС龹Ϊ˾ǣԼʥҩըˣڵĺ뵽˵£ʹһ̣ǬĴĲٿ£ȫ渴ա
Ҳһʹ
û뵽󣬾Ȼʥҩǡ
̣

ںĹ£ƣһ˲䣬ȫԭңʵھ˵
ǿŽ𵤣ԽԽһõĽ⡣
̣
ҪĴ
ǬĸӲãȻ䣬ڶϣһ²õĹԣһӨӨȻԱϳȻ˲Ǿ޴ȭͷϡ
ͣ
һ˲ѣǾ޴ȭͷ
ֱɱ˼㡣
һ̣Ǿ޴ľ˺˫ĿڣĻ˸ͣƺ˿ֲв㡣
꣡
ٴγ˲˾˲кǰûκ޴ĺǣһӾͱסˣҪ¡
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к˫ĿڵĻ˸ͣƺ˵ʲô
ȻһըΪһģڲкϣĵӡ£ʹѹ˲ʧһӾͱǬڵ˽ȥȻҲǼ̫㡣
ƽ˾
һжûзƵġ
ֱ
к̫ȣǬѹ
һеĵΪСԵʣԼˡ
ǬϵķĲʧƽ
Ǻ£ȫԭ
ŴͣͰ͵ĵʥʥҩ
ֱ⴫˵еĶôǬһˣǡ
С顭
˫̥Ůţᡣ
ǺܲᣬСʧˣԺҲˡ
ǳ嵽ǰȭߣΪǿΪһȻĻСô
㣬㣡
Уᡣ
̾һǺע£ƸԭʵǴӽᵤڣ۷壬⼸ڻ̫ˡ
ֻһͿԴӽᵤ뵽ԪӤ
ԪӤʸ½ϣȥ׷ϴУԼˡ
пܣܹߵһ̤ɾһɡ
ⶼ顣

٣Ǻܿƽ
Լܹ֮ΪС飬̾û뵽ԼͷСһԼ
ܿͽָ˼ѹȥˣΪкܶˣҪǿҲһҪǿ󣬲ȻҪԵģ¾飬˻ǰ
Щˡ
ԣҪǣǿ
ΪµһǬ
ʱû˿
ǲĴɣڡ


368 ԪӤ
ǣɰС飬ԺҲˣ˫̥Ůᣬʮġ
ؼһ޶ʥҩ顱ŮͨϵܺãΣգ˸С
գڣ˵ЩûˣҪǣϽͻƣʵ
ǬΪһ⣬ûûУһ˸󷨣ʼ䣬ԪӤĸֶѰ
Ǳ˵ļ̫㣬һ£ܹƴ󣬾Өãϼ䣬˵йء
ͦӵϷſˮ˫ĿŹ⣬̫㣬ȻҪһ
Ҳ֪һսУԼδʲôʸȥԡ
οʵǿҲûа취ᡣ
ͰͿǷģ޷˵
һ
ڣ̰
۹Ļһ߸ߣ϶Цݣ̫ϲˡ
˫̥ŮޣƾʲôСģܸ
λ㣬ôҵķϣͲҪ˰ɣӲЦ֪Ůкصĵλԣֻ˿ڣϣõһֻһˡ
ڣһһ
ܹˡ
Ȼ̫ôǿļֵͻƼ󾳣ôҪãڣֻʵͻͽܹȻڽսУȻ
һĿǳˡ
ʱڣһһˣˡ
ͷ
ӿɥޱȱߡ
Цȥһһġ
ŸҪܵĿ죬ͳҪˡ
գϥһ̫ץ˹˵̫㣬㣬һ壬ǡ̳˺󣬿˻úܶǴԵ
飡
͵ߣ̫һըΪһ貵ķû壬һ̣һȻ𣬲öˣſֲѹ
ӵ˲ϺˣԶ
Ҫͻ𣿡
ૣʮĽҪ֪ҲǽᵤڶѣǰһȻСԼʱô컯ֱӴӽᵤڵԲڣٷ̫£ľҪͻˣ˶Ľʺ޵ġԪӤ
ľ磬ǾӵǧԪңʵϵõ츲صı仯˵½ɡ
Ľϣͻƣ
գڣΪֻ֪ǰͻˣڽսУǲܹܹȥõЩ޴컯
Ҳ԰ɣʼ
ڣ̧֣һ̫ץ˹
˿ǿž޴Ľ𵤣ڸתʱţģһ
ǽ𵤻ΪԪӤǰףŽ𵤱ʱܹƿԪӤ
ԪӤһߵĵڶ
ʹࡢ飬Ҳܹˣɾ½֮ɡ
ԪӤǿ֮
ʵϣҲЩţڶ̶ڣͽҪͻƣߵһ
⼴ʹ콾Ҳ޻˵
ʱ佥ţתȥ˶Ƭ޴ĺǰðմ룬ܲпᣬһ鴬ҲϣƮţ߽ôȻԿ棬ϥӰ
ЩˣһϹ֣뢣ԪӤǿߡ
һᵤĸ֣콾ʵ˽ᵤ۷徳磬һͿԻӤ
Ȼ䣬һۣڣ
һ̼䣬Ǽᵤɫһ䣬³һѪҪ˵ʲôǣһѪȴȻ̧֣һ̽䣬ֱӳ⼸ץ˹˲һӣ⼸˱һΪѪȻѪſһ˹ȥ
һĻҪǱ˷֣»Ϊǵ
ǸüѪ棬ɱ̫ˡ
ѪЦаҲ˺ܶ˰ɣʲôʸ˵ҡ
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Աߣżˡ
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ɫ¶ץһ̫㣬̳ȥҪǿδһ̣Ī档


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һ̫㣬ˣϥǬδ·Ϊͽһս˺أҪָ
ʱ佥ţ֪ȥãۣڣǬһ㣬˫̥Ůˣڵڶ㣬һȻ䣬ڵڶ㣬˫̥Ůǰ
ɱˣ
ڣᣬԵ
˫̥Ůһ𣬿һۣվû˵ЩʲôʵϣԤϵôһ죬ֻû뵽ʱôѡ
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Ǹ콾ˡ
󣬻ж𶯡
ҲáЦħڵħŮɱˣܣǳܡ
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Ǭ߳Ǭ𣬿ƬƵĹ·ʰ飬ڲǱʱȥգɽĶ˿̣Ӱ
ʮˣվȻֻĸ˹
𶯡
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ˣһĪ˫վԵϢ·ϣһƬ˿塣
ˣһǴͷͯӣһ
ÿһǿ
ֵʱǵĿҲ˹Ų죬ƺû뵽һܹߵĿһȻܹߵˣȻǼ֮
һ콾
ͷͯӿڣŲɣϢȻǲ֪˶õϹ֣ʮֿ¡
Ǹû˵ʲôӣȴڲҡ
ǰһ
Ǻܴ󣬶ˮ۶ɣɵ뵽͵ɽʵϣÿϣĶ޽ɡ

ʱĪתŲɵ
һûǰվ
Ī̧֣һץ˲ѣΧͬҪʱǬ֣˽ȥ߶Ǭ
ͷͯӺĿĪϡ
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գĪ̾һջΪڻǴսʱѾԪӤ۷ΪҪһ컯컯һεĴС
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ǰ˴͵Ϊʵ̫СԵʣδ߳·δںܶ飬֪
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һۣٴοȥɡ
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˫̥Ůʮ𾪣ᵤϹҲˣӸŴͣ૵ôܣѵȻ
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ģڿкĸŴ򿪣·յĻԵ
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ڽȥǰתĿڵǬһۡ
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ͷͯӺҲܿȥ
ȥԽ죬ڶʱڣĵھŲ㣬ôпܻ˼Ե
컯
ৣ
һǬ߳ʵϣǬһ˫̥ŮҲ˽
ûԥ̤ĵţ˽ȥ
ռһ任
ȻһΪ磬ˣҲޣ񻰴˵еĹޣһȥ߼ʣѹҲһָоϢ
һ·ţ۲Ǭ˫̥ŮˣҲĬĬһУʵϣȻ𺳡
ôĵ񣬵׻˭̻ģ
ÿһ𣬶ôı棬
ʵϣɽϵżҲѾܶ˵ĵȣһЩҲһЩ
ͻȻģ뵽һ飬˲伱١
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뵽ò١
ûȥЩ񣬺ܿ߹ǰڵĹâȥ
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һ󷨡
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ԪӤʵȻѹǿĲˣǺܿ߹ٽ̤ϣһʧ
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һ˲͵ɴۡ
ΪȻɽʯѻգ޷
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Ͻսʯɽǰ̽ȥץץһۣϸܣʯȷʵҲ˵һжġ
ģ֣ǳ
ӴСУΪǰΣʵ̫ǿˡ
ûԥǶ˳
һ㳯ʯɽ˹ȥԼ棬СС
˫̥ŮվԱߣɴۣ١
ɫҲƽʯɽδ
չǰֱ߼ʣҲ֪ж١
֣հսǬ
ӽͷ˳˴š
ûԥ߶ǬǣǱһз㣬Ǭκα仯
ʵϣڿʼʱɻ
Ͼôʯǰ˽ʱ᲻ȥȡ
ǣȻղȥ
ҲҲҲҲҡ
ӲҺϴУҲޱȿɬϾôʯҪǴȥǵǶ컯ǣһŶȥ
ɱһܡ
ҧгݣɱ˵Ķˡ
ˣ·ɣʱ䲻ˡ
˵̰ǴǵĿ飬ҪΪЩʯԵʣʱ䣬ɥʧԵǲĲ̡
ʯɽ߹
ӵȻսǬ
Ҳ֪˶ãֱ̾ʯ̫࣬ɾûа취ߣʵĲź
ðɣҪҵõ˴УƿһУЩʯȻҵˡ
Ȼʰ飬·գڶǰâһ˵㣬Ȼˡǰδеļ


373 
һƬ麣
ܶܣԶ߼ʡ
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ŵ㣬ܹ˵꣬ܿ㰲
ĬĬǰһУôԼϵ鼮Գ֮Ϊĺ
Ǭ˫̥Ů𺳣һӼ鼮ˣôô鼮
ǳ
Ум˷ԡ
ৣ
Ƿ˳ſˮ˹ȥ
ڣŲҲ˹ȥһ飬ۿ
Ȼǿʮֹϵ壬ʶ
֣ûʶ
ʲôޱգû˿취
߹˺üǡ顱
ҿˡͻȻ˫̥ŮУ˿˹ȥ
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һʶȥȻˣԭЩ鼮ϵݣʶӦӶ
һ
ȫ⡷
һֽᵤ֮


ܶ࣬˿ȥ鼮ֱؼһУ
ѵνĴ
ɻ󣬵뵽ܹоŲ㣬ˡ
Ǽǰߣ
գڣΪȷô鼮νĴУ麣У㣬һְľ
߶麣ﳩΡ


Ҳ֪ôˣ
һԣһŮڿ鼮鼮˿һ
Ůɶ
Աߣյˣк߹ȣ￴顣
ʵϣҲŸչѡ
Աߣ飬ԣҲ̾ǰǸץȥôʱ䣬Ҳ֪ôˣ
˵ţŲ
ϾǸôĹ򣬽ץȥû֪ᷢʲô
ҲԱߣ˵İɣô࣬µģĽ£˵ǰɣ
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Դץߺˣͺ߹ҪҪǿȻȥ
ƬС磬ΪֵԵʣͻȻһ徳ԶſܣǱȣò룬Ȼ
ʵϣһ̤Сδʯȡ
Զ߹޳ʦǿ
ܰ
ͻȻģԶ˽Ų
ͻȻ䣬Ŀء
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߹޳ʦ˽ǰһ䱸ӡ
Զ߹ǲûһֱЩ鼮Ҫ֪̫ˣһӿ¶꣬Ҫ飬ǸϽȥҵǸ󷨡
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ɴ۾Ͻ˲
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С
˹ȥΣҲû뵽һ


ûʲô°ɣ
󣬱ƽ˿˫̥Ůôӣûʲô£Ƿǳֵġ
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ڣ߹ļЦû¾ͺá
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Ϊ˫̥ŮϣܵһѹѹȻ¶ЩϢ
ʦԪӤ
ԪӤ˶һ㶡
ͣľ֮ϣǵ徳ʵһ֮·徳֮ΰǽᵤ߾ԪӤһɾ
Ŵ͡
ᵤԪӤɣ

ѾԪӤ˵ţҲЩţΪŶѣѾߵˣֱ̫̫࣬񻰰㡣
߹޳ʦһۣ˶û뵽׷Ѱĵ徳ԭǽᵤԪӤɡ
ڣλԪӤ
ǿԵĸ̾
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߹޳ʦͷУһҪȻһѡ
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ǿ˿̣·ϣѾԪӤǿʹ磬Ҳδ
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ץߺǾ춼ˣ
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ѾôǿԺһҪǣһɣഺϡ
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ͷ־ĴУʱõƿһУԼɣпܣһɡ
Ȼֻʣһˣ¿Ǻεȵı
ˣԸһ𣬺ͼһƽĻţҸ֡
˿̣ĺá
ڵõкģΪУĪһսʤģǡ
ˣǿжôб˵õ֡
û˵ձǬΪٳ麣ȥҪҵ󷨣̤ϵĲ㣬㣬һֱھŲ㡣
컯ؽ
š
Ϊкܶڸϣᶨţⳡ컯ؽ
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ٶȺܿ죬㣬ʵ̫࣬һƿ麣գǰһ·ͨԶӨãһ󷨣·ľͷ
ٶȥ


374 رԴ
麣ͷһ·չʯ죬Өã˸ϼ⡣
̤ϣѹ֣ܾˣ˺ֲס³һѪڴߵһ̣⣬⾿һʲô·ˣ
죬һ֣ǰһƬ̺죬ǳ
ڿУһǰУһ죬չںϣ¿ȥ飬һ󷨰㣬ѹء
ңһ·
ͨ󷨵·
̤·һ̣ɫһ䣬ܣѹҲ컯ؼ䣬Ũˣϳڣܺܶ࣬أѵνĴѾ˲ɣ
뵽вƽ
ܿ죬ʰ飬Լƽ·ϣһһǰȥһƬƬ꣬öˣȫϳӿÿһ߹ԪӤƬعԪӤǳ֣ͷУɣؼ䣬ɲǱ㳯ӿ
ʵ
ңһɲǣڤڤУһָӦƬգ־ѾڷӶƬص
־ȻĪˡ
ԭѾ·ϣѾһЩһиȻ·컯֮·˵νĴУѾѾ
ǶϹ֡
ૣҲûнǣ̤·ϣһԼ˿ȻȥһС
ʱ佥ţţʱţԺһƬʧȥԼƬؽҪһ
䣡
ʱԺһը޾УǴʲôǷ·һĤͿ塣
оź
У·Īˣ϶֪ʲôڷӶᣬ¶ʧȥȻɡ
ĪŹԼԣиӳأǹؼʱ̣˿
־ȫעԪӤԪӤһС
ͻȻһ뵽ʲôȻȫԪӤȻƾ豾ߣˣԪӤɵУһӿΧ࣬öӨǺӡ
ϴײʱ佥š
䣡
˺Ȼ䣬֮УӦһЩһС飬࣬˸ежů
ʲô
һ㶣ԪӤȥЩСһǽʼЩС黹ܵӣǸܵɢ׽ˣ֪࣬ԭЩС飬ˮ֮Դ
Ĳ㵽ڰ˲㣬ˮľıԴ֮·
ֻеõЩԴ϶ΪһܵһӶ̤ɾ㲻ࡣ
ԭѾ
ڵ麣һ飬Ѿ˵һС
ʵȥҵⱾ飬Ȼõ컯
ĪʹͷͯԼѾܶΣҲǸոһС
ܹ֮ƬռڵıԴ飬Ϊ壬˵ԪӤкܶʥҩҩؼ貵ģЩԴ׽ȻĵԪӤȻȥ
ԭһ
ڣȻɢ飬ӦıԴ飬֮Уһ㣬ǺӲϲãǣԶطһſŹڲϵʧ
ȻǶѾĪ˸Ӷˡ
ɣɣ
һ׺ͣҲһů󣬺ܶ㣬ҲǱԴ飬ȻڲϵĳԪӤûԪӤںϽȥ
ٶȣҪĪ˵ӶҪˡ
ģʲô
ʱͷͯɫ仯ΪǴռıԴ飬Ȼһ̣ȫˣһȥӶ᲻ˡ
Ҳ˵ĺԭıԴ顣

ҪըˣҪ֪ǳɵϣڣȻ˸ˣҧгݵĿڣҪ֪˭һҪɱ㣡ֶεģҲĪˣͱˡ
ͬʱɫҲ仯
ĪҲɫһô£ЩԴܵٻ˭һľǴͷͯӣȻȻǣӦûǸ°ɣɫû˵ʲôǾԼٶȣڷӶؼˮ֮ԴЩС顣

ʱڴЦû뵽ὫЩˮֻԴٻԪӤУȻһֵģģȻһУΪϣԪӤϣЯʥҩϢȻԲˡ
һУҲһ̾
գʰ飬뵽ⳡʢ統С

ͷͯӲҺ۾ˣҪɱˣƬռıԴ飬ڼٵļ٣˸ߣҪѪ˭˭˿ɶ񣬸ҵĶ
ǣ֪
ܿ죬ƬռıԴ飬ȫʧûˣͷۣͯǲҺ춯أҪɱˡ
󣬾󺰣ð
ۣҭ

ʱĪҲˡ
Ĵռ䣬ԭڱݣ˵ȥǱԴ鲻һԪӤٻˮ֮ԣܵȻӿΡ
ɱ
Īۣɫ䣬ɱغ䣬ûһ̣Ҫȥɱһˡ
Ҫ֪˿̣ҲֻƬռıԴ飬֮ѡ
˭˭Ҫ㣬ǾϷҵ컯
գĪڣɱһ̤߳·Ȼ䣬ǰʧ
ͬʱˣû뵽Ȼջôˮ֮ԴȫԪӤ˵Ӯҡ
Īˡ
ЦԪӤصۣһΪ˵飬ⳡУӮˡ
ֻҪȥĵԴںΪһһͿԳΪˣ̤ɾʱؼ䣬ûж֣޵УǲĴڡ
κˣĪΣڴ˿ɢ
ڣЦ⡣
ǰĪʼһΣУͬΪôˮ֮ԴУǿһܹܵˮ֮ԴԪӤǿǿ󣬷·ضܹ򴩣һƬء
ߣ
һ̤˲ӹ·̤߳ڣâһ䣬ʧʱ޾ɭ֣Ȼľ֮Դڴ
ԪӤ̳֡
Ƭռ䣬ܿģ͸ܵƬռڵľ֮ԴЩС顣
ԪӤһ֣һӶжܵٻ˻ٵĳԪӤȥ
ô
ͷͯӴ𣬺
һѣǣƬռľ֮ԴͻȻɾԾ˵ٶȴʧһƬռȥ
õİ
ҲС
Īɫһ䣬һץʱ䣬Ӷᡣ
ҲӶᣬЩС鶼ڷֱͬܵؾ˰㣬ЩԴ飬Ծ˵ٶȣӿȥʵھˣԪӤЦˣ죬͸ſɰ
˿ĵ顣

ЦƲסⳡУӮˣԼϣɹΪʮΨһϣɾΪˣʱ޾һУĪеһɽ׽ɽж¡


375 
̤ϴ󣬴ӵ߳㣬ڡ𡱵磬ŴĽ֮Դ
աˮľԴľ飬յķǳ죬֮ԴϵӿԪӤʵԾ˵ٶţǳǿ
ɱ
ͷͯҺˣԼո̤ѣƬռĽ֮Դͷ𶯣ȻԶȥıɱҪܣԴû˹ȥɱˣƬضˡ
˭˭
ţ䣬صֻһ˿ɱ죬Ҫ
˿ֹ̣һҲɱ˵ģʮɽһӿŭûа취ƽϢһ̤·ԭΪûʲôܸɶҡԼĸģŷ֣ԭԼһ̣Ѿˡ
õİ
Һȿ޻ܡ
ĪɫޱΪڵƬռڣ֮Դʧܲõ飬Ҫɱˡ
˭ĪΪһΪγɣҸ̫࣬ûҵ·
ڣ۾ɱ˸
ǣûиܵɱ⣬ʮֵʹ죬Ľ֮ԴӿҪЦûôֹ
Ǭͨ󷨣һĻĻɫ䣬ҲԵϲɫ
̫ˣҾ֪һеġ
ӣСˣϵ½޵Уǽ޾һС
ˬҲ
ӿˮֱʵϣǳĽҪԼܳɾͺˣңһĽ飬ǾǣСӵһ̫ˣôˣȻһʵû
ȻҲ˵ʲô
òҰ


ʱţƬռĽ֮Դ̤봫󣬽뵽߲ռ䣬ռ䣬ǻ֮ռ䡣
һ¶ȣʮ־ˡ
Ȼ֮ԴҲǳĶ࣬ΪŨ
ûԥʼա
֮ԴϵӿעԪӤ

ռڣвҺ
ܿģ뿪ڰ˲ռ䣬ҲбԴһ㣬֮ԴڵĿռ䣬ɣһƬɳϯԶɳ𣬿ԿԶһڣ͸ѹ֡
һ˲ѣڣûκζܿտϥʼӦ֮ԴȻա
˵оԼĵӡ
̫ˡ
֮ԴӦȻ󲻶ϵĻ۹ԪӤ
գˮľбԴռȫԪӤ
ڵһҪʼ𣿡
ֱԴںϣٵأΪ貵ʱ޵£ǣУȻΣա
ܹӦڤڤУޱȿ־Ĵڣ١
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ɾ·һ硣
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һУнƽ
û̾Ͷ֣ĬĬĻعԼһһ·Լϵ飬клʱ֣Ĵ
Ǭܰ˿֪ҪһضΪѣϾɣΪˣôģȻкܶܶˣ
һ·̶̵ʱڣ㵽һ֪컯ʹȻڤڤһֻ֣ڲٿһС
ͻȻһ
Ϊ̫ˣһıȱ̫࣬ѵԼƬ˵ˣԾʹ˶
УȻ䣬һַǳµͷ
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ͬʱȻƽԴ̫ԭԸӵںϣҲΪˣһںϣô;ҪĪ̫̫࣬ʱƬصϣûܹսʤĹ


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ңֵǸֵָһ˲ԼͬΪһˣҲòڵκǸոյҲУһ̣־嵽˼㣬ŴͣһĻ

һҽУǸָٽ˲䣬ͷͯӵ˲ըΪһƬѪȻ֣һϼƣǸָһӰסȻУоʹʧ
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377 ֣ۡ
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վǰƬء

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