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ߣƷ

ݼ飺
Ҷ촫ʦ椱Ϳҽƾһºһӵ򲻴ĺƤ÷ˮ崿УƷʿɱ֡
ЩҪҪǣǰǿµļˡ


1 ع
Ĺ
ƬĹֵǰĬĬһȺˡ
ĬãһòŮӵӣ˵֣ŸһšŮкᣬȴ쳣ᶨлһ֧ɫС
йʻ
ո߳Ҷ쳨˫ۣԺŮǣҶˣ
һʱ֮䣬·˷׷ͶĿ⣬Ҷȴ޶á
ոϣȴһλźɫȹĻ𱬵ŮӴƮȻ߹
ʱ䣬һ˱Ƕ
ҶæƢֱȫͷһ顣
ٿŮӣһͷںƮݵĳӯһյСⱳӰȻλŮ
˵Ҷ첽׷ȥŮӲ֮ʣø첲ײŮǵļ
ļʱɢһء
ŮʶĻͷҶ쿴һۣҶȻò
ŮԼĪʮ˾꣬òǾһű׼Ĺ֮£һ˫ĵȻġǾǣ쵤촽Ʒ˿棬ƾ˵ķ顣νǽ޹ֱ֣ҪҶӸû뵽ջԭȼƷŮҶбؽ
ŮӶȥļҶһ˿ЦæǸСã治˼񡣡˵ţ첽ߵŮӶ棬ӣһ߼ļһ˫۾Ůȹס
ŮƺҶĿ⣬̧ҶƳһۣʵ㿴ûУ
Ҷ˿ĭĿԾûŲЦ˾õľȻǰٿᣬҪ㲻ʱĻø࿴ۣҸû˵ĵطøȫλĦһĻǾòˡ
åŮŭͬʱֻѾһҶкȥ
Ҷһ̽һץסŮӵЦ˵Ȼҳ˧˵㣬ҲôɣųμҪҶֶţҶ಻˼ҪʵµĻҸĵطȻٽнһĹͨ˵䣬ҶֽŮӵִյǰţ϶֮ɫ
޳֮ͽŮ˱Ҷץס֣ȻҶļֱȥ
Ҷ첢û׷ȥڱ󺰵ֽҪҪĻʱңҶ죬˧ʲôӢٷ磬ʵ˵ľҡ
СԺɲٿߣŮӻͷһȻӿŲǰȥ
٣е˼ҶµصͷִһһA4ֽȻǸղŮӼļʱ͵͵ġ
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ʱͻȻ
Ҹݺúóһ١ҶȻڴһͭҲûţǰʦҶ޷һԻ
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Ҷ޷ĳؽ̵ţ˵һ٣ȻɫѵһҪмǣлԻв֣ȻΪдУǽΪԯҽҽǷǣ㲻ҾУͷҲǧҪ͸¶Ϊʦ
ͽʦ̻塣ҶȻ֪ʦֹڴϺһᾪһңҲһֱӴ˵صԭ
УǰļѵĻһҪ侲ǧ򲻿ɳ嶯¡Ҷ޷֣ض
֪ʦҶףʦعĿΪ˻ʧİǰļ䡣
ˣȥɣΪʦѾΪ˻Ʊھ̰ɡҶ޷ڰ˵
ˣʦǧҵȥʦð仰ҶͭҲûæ̤˻ع̡
ͽԶȥӰҶ޷ɫȻţ찡һٰʮ˵ļգԭΪʦôûи࡭
׻˵ǮӺûǮѣȥҼСթǮҶ˵ţĸСӭ
˵ӵͦʵģӦӣŲҶֻå
ԵС㣬СϺףåթЩС죬Ҳ顣ҶаЦͦͦţЩСȥ


2 թ
˫ܿˣҶûбãԷĸȻһС·
ҶһųĻײ˸
챻ײõҶ쵹ãֱӡѽһҽУ˾Ǳײһɳס
ϵ˼Ŀ죬ֿ׿Ҷ죬Сֽģ
ѾˣҲˣڸʱˡ
ǣҶ췢ǳȴһȵݣСӣû۾ɵװϽӵø⳥⡣
һ⳥Ҷ⣬ˣåҲˣȻ⳥
Ҷһͦӵϵ²ʵ˵ɣϵܣô⳥
ĸһɵĳҶ죬СһҪ⳥ȻôģòǸӰɣ
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˵ЩӷѣҪһôûءҶѵ
һ㣿ɻʵ
Ȼഺʧˣ⼤鱼ŵഺȻҽԺȣǵʧӵĴûᣬ˷Ѷǹȵʱ⣬˵Ǻεȱ֮¡
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콫ҶһȦ룬شô˵Ҳǧ
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û뵽СӾȻôͨˣǺðɾ򡣡ֺǺǵ˵
ϵܣ㵹ͦˬģȱǮأҲòŴҿˣֱӸֽɡҶ˵ű򳤷ơ
һŭСӣɱˣǮ
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ѻ㲻ǮóˣĸҶΧ
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ûǶǮϽǮЦ
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һ俪Ͳ֪Ϊʲô죬Ҵ򣡡һȡ
ԷҪ֣Ҷæֹţ
ôͨˣаЦʵ
ϵˣֻ룬ʱǴſˣɷң˵Ҹ˵ʲǫ̂ʺأ˵Ҫ磬ֻǸ˵ǡҴĲåǼįַʽĸţ㣬ͻٷ磬ӢţҶʵ
Сӣͷ˻ӲҺݺݵĴ򣡡ŭȡ
ȭͷҶȥȻһġءٽȫͷ˵ϣΧ۵ȺǷ׷׾̾ѡ
ڵ죬ҶаʦͽֻеӦ㲻䷸ɣ
ǳ쿴һĻʱɫ䣬֪Ӳӣæͨһڵأɥ󣬴磬С۲ʶ̩ɽдģСİɡ
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ôɡҶ˵ձȭųϴȥ
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ô˥ɣҺò׳һǮǶҲҪɣҶ쿴죬ٿװļһֻεҡҡͷȻߵǰץͷʵԺ󻹸ҳ𣿡
ˣˡͷҡ˹Ƶġ
ʲôΪһåôһ۾أӦúúϧåݺǰ;ְҵҶ׻׻̻
ǣǣ˿̣޵ĶˣΧ۵ȺҲǿ񺹲ѡ
ҶĳԴţԺҪúåСåֻҪڼŬպһһΪ˾Ĵå


3 
ѵ⼸Ҷҡڵȥ
ʵ֣ѵʵǴСãҶ޷ѧǡƵھ
סƵھϹʱƵԯϴһҽΪʡ͡ࡷ֡
ʡصอ硢򡢲֤﷨ԭԼĵݡࡷǡʡɷָƪอܡ򡢲Ѩߡ̷ԭ֮⣬̲һҽʹõڹķ˵ʡϣࡷơ
Ƶھ꣬Ȼܶоȴ޼رǡࡷ̲صķԯҽɶƣķߵľҪϸ񣬾ԳƵһ
ķһֻغҶֹͣ˸
ϰ죬һǮûõҶпƣȥԶٰ˵ɡ
׼˶ԽһţݣҶ찺ҡ˹ȥ
ϰ壬ţ棡
ϣϰӦһѸ
ʱ緹ʱ䣬ŲˣвŮУҶȴĹעΪиص㣬һӶʱ򣬾ɫ
Ƭ̣ϰ㽫һڵţ˵Ҷǰ
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Ҷɻÿ﷭˷Ȼһţ˿ҲҲ
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ţ档ϰӦ
ôûţأҶʵ
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⵹ҲǡҶһҲپᣬԼ԰͵ģҲûҪġ
һһţͱҶ̽˶ӣǱèƵģһ֭û¡
ϰ壬лڡҶ˵žֱӳſȥ
ιСӣ㻹ûǮأϰ弱æںͷ
ҪǮҳ֮ǰô˵أҶ˵ⲻնҶ
ҪǮӻʲôꡣϰŭȵ
һΪڿּأûǮɣȥʦҪȥҶ˵űתǰȥ
ϰ׷һѳסҶӣȵСӣӵ԰ͣӲŽų
ϰ˵ȭͷ׼֡
ɾʱһں𣬡ϰ壬Ұ˰ɡ
ѭȥֻλŮո˵վҲλòŮ
ҶС۾ɵùԲǺεȻò˫鶯峺䵭üˮĽë΢΢زţ覵ļ͸ۣ˫õ廨꽿ΣֱҪǰһڵĳ嶯
ϰҲ˰ŷӦ֮ǰæȻûע⵽˿оһλòŮ
ЦǺǵؽӹǮϰҶȵߣˣ
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ҶⷬŮ̲һЦòԭ˼£ôһЦʱüң쾡ʧɫ֮ĴݣҲ˿Ϊ
´λȥúúøлʦҪ˼ҺȻǧ͵ٻҶĻнˡ


4 Ů
ŮȻΪҶڿЦһЦ˵ֻһѣûôء
ʱŮλһͷ̷ŮæûЦҿõͦ˧ģȻôϵҪҪʹɡ
ɣѰģŮҪֱȥȴǻĶ㿪ˣŮǶǵۣƤɰģɰҶÿˮˡ
ҶǾþ鳡֣Ȼһ۱㿴ǰŮḡŮӣ崿ȴıԣǸʶ˵Щ٬ֻУҶ˷ŵһ棬ȳϵ˵˼ҵˮ֮ҪӿȪ౨οôһأ֪ͼˣϲǷģҪŮͺ룬պ󶨵ٱ
ҽʫã绰˰ɡŮɫ˵ƯֵŮˣȻй©Լĵ绰룬ԴˣҶ쵹Ҳû⣬ΪŮ˲һݵֵģ˵ԽսԵŮˣҲԽȤ
ҶƵĵͷһЦ޵ʫãţֺһҽҶ죬ұȽϲ˽
㻹һȵĿҶ졣
ҶĻشǵģҵ˧
˧ǺǺǣ˵ͦ͵ЦҪʫÿһЩ˵ҲȽֱӡ
ɽˣȻҳӢ棬˱Ƚǫ飬ÿԼҲǱ˸ȡġҶһĽ͵
Ҷ˵÷ȤƫƫֹŮ̲סЦ
ЦƬ̣Ц˵ˣϹˣ绹أʫ߰ɡ
ţ
ŮִҶǰ߹
λߣ´ԵټһҪСܵ绰ŶҶͱ
´μ˵ɡʫͷҲص˵
һ̣˵ʫãҿ˵ͦ˼ġ
ɣòϲ˰ɣҿλеǡʫûɵʵ
˳˧˵ַȤϲҲûʲôϡģֻ˼ҿϵĿ㣬ղôͲأҪ֪壬ɾûҵˡһЦ
ʫòΪȻЦЦҿͺһСҵܻܵء
ּȰڲн˵ҲͱС꣬ôء
ι˵ɣǲʲôôأڰ˵ʫɷ˷ۡ
ⲻŮ˵ഺҲô꣬ѽ˷ѧϰϣҪٲץ㣬ɾҪˡ治֪ôģҪôƯҸʯˣúȥˣʲôء˵һ̾Ϣҡͷʫøеϧ
ͱٷɧˣ㶼Ҫ軹ˡʫ챨Թʵ˵ЩҲֻ֪ûȥЩˣΪЩ˽ӽԭ򣬴󲿷ֶò
ˣҲˣˣȥ˹˾ԿɲҪٵˣУҪ̫ƯǸԹٿֻɫǡͻȻɫѵ
ţ֪ˡʫõͷӦ
ԭҶ컹͵͵Ůǵסڴǵ̸͵˹˾Ҳͷٸ١
£ˣϵס޻û䣬Ա뷨׬ǮάƲС


5 ̯
йֶĸеҵģǽΪٵĵضΡ
ʱ֣㳡ַǷסڸԹ󣬶ȫС㳡ɢã㳡ԷγһƬԶҹÿҹʱ֣ʽĵ̯̾һ㣬鲼㳡ÿߺ㳡ַ졣
ڶ㳡һƬƫԶذһЩƤҩ̯λЩ̯ҪôϹӣҪôǺеʿֻһ̯λȽر
̯λԣ̯λԵñȽϺףûûӣ̯ҲֻǸʮ˾С꣬һˣϰһ鲻֪ĸģĨڵòŤŤдżм׹ģϸϷ֪飺Ҷ࣬γСĤ¡緿ҽæ
ȻλҽҶҶҽҲ
˿̻ڴ˴ڵ̯Ȼԭġ
Թ緹Ҷ첦˲Ǹ룬ӵ绰ĲλŮһĵַҵ˴˵أŮ˺һԹ
ңڴ˵ذڸ̯˳׬Щ죬û׼˽Ҳ˵
λС㣬ףֻҲܰ⿪Ҫ߰۸
Ůǳ죬ð⣬ʵ˹תŮ·Ȼй¶ֽ⣬עҪðΣգҲҪ㿴ȫ࣬챾ȫ۴ŻݣȫֻҪٿ飬ֻҪٿŶ
ףλҿ˰ɣطƳ֮󣬱֤ŲˡޣˡҿǴ

һСʱҶͶ캰ˣһҲûӵֻһƨڵϣ۰Ͱ͵ĿŸڼ̯λ
Ƭ̣Ҷ۾ͻȻһҲ˲侫ΪǸϤӰû뵽ѾͷȻôˡҶдϲҲâ
ʱĹۺѩ߽ƬƤҩ
ѩ֣Χһ˫˫ƻĿʮֲҿǻǻȥɣЩ˷Щɹƭôεúðأ
ҶҪԣѾϣˡһȻ֮ɫÿοĸ㲵ݣĶһʹ
ǰһĸԼΪסڶȻĸȴΪһǲģҽԺȰƣǿŵĻ΢ĵͼķ֡
ĸڴһɾ꣬Ծַϣܽĸ״ԵأȻȴһ
ÿּؼķþ͸ߴԭļҾҲеʿҲһƬТδ
ǽ׵Ĺ˾ս𣬼ҾҲǲǰÿĻѾͥ˺ܴĸ׵ƢҲԽ
ǰʱ䣬׸һ֣Ķ֣ǽжõĻӣ꣬ʱĸ֣ģйгĸ־Զ˵ֻҪԼŮ޸֣ͿԽ֣ĵгְ֮ɴһʽŤת˾ֽ
ٰܾҲͲ֮ˣǾ죬ҽʱ־ԶͻȻ绰˴£һҪЮ˵ҪǲӦֹͣĸ׵ƣҴҸ˻
ߵ˾·ҲϣЩϡ
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һЦ˵ҵпֵǮĶԶҲ᲻ˡ
ʲôأѩʵ
ҵˡش
ѩһʱˣ㣬òĸɣ
ֻκ裬˵ҲԸ⡣޷˵
ҪˣЩôءѩǵȰ
ȻһЦ˵ҲҪȼ޸֣ǻӺãѩͱȰˣϾϣǺãģȻҪκ裬ԼҲֵˡ
˵䣬ŮѾߵЩ̯ӵĹм䡣
ͣ½ŲΧɨһۣǶţ˭ҪκĲԸ
ⷬǾʮģòҪЩϵɽ»ҲĸԸ
۾Ϲһ۾ʱɵùԲɰЩ˿һЩӵıҲֱˣеʿҲۺˣȳӸǶ˹ȣ԰׳̵ٶȥ
һʱ֮䣬ΧЩɫǷ׷ȿֺΧҶֻɫȻ׵塣


6 ĸ
ǰҶЦ˵ãּˣǵǸӢҶ찡
Ҷ죬ҲΪȣڿûȥҶֻƳһۣȻƿĿ⡣
ѩѾͷȴǽҶǸϵļֶҶ࣬γСĤ¡緿ҽæ
һЦʵʶС𣿡
ߣʱֻһˡû˵
ʱһλȲʵλС㣬ĸ׵ǵʲôأ
Ϊһϣ취Ⱦʵ˵
һⷬΧйƤһ㣬˶ȥӵıˣϹ۾Լ̯ȥȳһȳһյߣҲˡӷ𡱡
С㣬ĸ׶ѾǸˣӦȥݷǡ
ǰЩҪı죬ڵ̯
ĵȰ˵
Ǻ˵ûѾϵĽϣһ̣Ҳ˾
ǻǻȥɡѩ˵Ȱο˵ű׼ȥ
ǸתҶȴͻȻš
ͺѩ׷ײػͷҶ쿴
ãոǷɵ棿ҶżɫһʱûӦѵ˵ֻҪҽĸף
Ҷʱ򻹲ʶ̧ٵĿЦŭɫ𣬺ŭúܿЦѵûĸ㲻ýֽڱ˵ʹ֮ϣǺ̵ܲ
Ҷ챻ùѪͷȻҲû˿̵飬ΪŮĸѾܿɹˣȻҶƽŵΪһҽߣҽľ޷ĥġ
Ҷ첻ΪЦЦ˵˵ûҴС͸ʦԼĸ涼û˿̵һģҪʦʲô£ͽܵҲһżȻǲܷ£ʦ书˫һ򵱹أĪУֲ룬ٶ֣ˮڡ
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ʵ˵ǣҿԾĸסҶ˵
϶ʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫܿȴְȥҽ޲ߣͻԼ൱꣬ô
û㿪Ц˵Ȼתȥ
Ҷ첻˵ȻᵽֵطҲǱһԵ̬ΪξͲԼһλأ
Ҷôһ˵Ȼͣ˽ŲһҲʲô󰭣û׼ʲô漣Ҳ˵뵽ЩͷҶ˵Ҳԣ˵ֻǱЦ̬ǲŹġɲκԼĸ׵Ц
κĸףȷԼĳŵ𣿡ʵҶҲֻʣҪǵʱԷĳҲеֶΣ˾ĸ»ص״̬Ȼ˵ҽ߸ĸģҶƽľֲгŵˡ
ĺˣԳУֻҪκĸףǲʳԵġնĳŵ
ҶҲن£ɽˣţϽ·ɣϹҿȲҪˡ
κĸ֮ǰ⸱¶֮ɫʵǰҶоǸֻ֣ʤ֮޲
ٺ٣»ûҶβõĲǸ帯õˣҲɸĽʬҶһ˵һ߰ʬŮQһȦ˵أͳóΪҶ˵׼ɣȻҪǼҶˣҲȥҸݶȻȥĸס
ɫһһ죬ǻŭ𣬿վҲֻĬĬţҶԼ˵ô
߰ɡ˵űתǰȥѩҶϡ
ĳӱ׸ѺˣֻܴǰҽԺ
ǰãҲûõڼҿ˽Ժ˽רҵĵزĸһֱҽԺػʲôҲüʱȻҽԺȫ˷Դ˼ҼȻǮв׬ĵ


7 
ҽԺǼҽơѧСԤᱣһģۺ׵ҽԺҽˮƽȽӲʩΪķʡкܺõȺ͸ʣÿǰҽĲҲﲻ
ҶŮסԺ13㣬һػſڡ
һҪȥţȴ汻ˡ
ֻһװͦò㲵ӣһŰ״ӵĻߴڲ߳󻹸һλĻʿСá
֣㣬ôˣԵúܾȣԼѾܳһʱûҽԺˣڽѵ˵Ҫֹͣĸ׵ƣٿλԺԵò
Ȼĸף־ԶߵҽҽԺԺɭԣҽʦڡʿоʦһ˵ְƣҽԺԺʡҽСרңʡҽѧƷ᳤ֻƼɾ͡
Ȼĳɾ;ٸҲҶ취ۣ£ҶעĲˣǸǸʿСá
λʿСӵһŴȻûκηεϾӣһ˫˵ˮܸһˮ岨ε룬һ˿ںڵ㷢ңȻһ£ȴܽǰһ
Ʒջ򰡣ǻѵƷջ򰡡Ҷţ߻ȴѾλʿСøˡ
ôҾͲˣٲҪﵱùˣ㶼Щʲô˻־Զȳ˵һҶƳһۡ
ԷἰԼҶæҽܵ𾴵ɴˣСҶ죬˧μ棬ָ̡ϾǵһμҶȻùǫֻ֣ҽܵʱĿȻͣλʿõϡ
Ҷ춢ԼţʿСþȻ˸Ȼ߰ķ˸ۣƲԴ
ٺ٣˼Ҷϲ򵥵ľֹԳжӦӹԸ񣬼ҲţɲȴôƤǸɵмǺϡ
˭أǲײࡣ־Զյ
ȻҲûϵҶһﾹȻҵ׵񣬲⻰ȻѾ˵ˣҲᶨؿɫ˵֣ѾӦֻҪκ裬Ҿ
㣡־ԶƣҪŮƣǿǵҽԺǰҲܾȻԼӣֻȨǸЦһ˦߳ǵԽԽˡ
кᣬίһֱΪĲŬأЩΪʲôҽԺûΣҲѾûˣʸ˵𣿡
ž־Զڻ̲ס֣һƴϣҶȴʹѡ
ţ־ԶɫѵҲøˣԼЩʲôΪѵĹҪĻϣһ𣿡Ů־ԶҲֱʹĿŮִԲ
û˵ʲôɫȴһľǿҲǲŮһ˿Թޣ־Զڻˣһ̬ǿӲ˵һΣ쿪ʼ͸ҹԹԴڼֱ֣ΪֹȻ־ԶԼӻϣκãŮһΣҲֻΪġ
Ȼû˵ҲĬ˸׵˼Ҷ쿴ȥûһϣĹâҲҲֻԼġ
Ȼ˫ᣬҶȴûûεʵֽԭ㶼жˣòѾҪǵĽĸģҪκĸףһ㿴Σ
ҶСʳǣǮȫֻǸ֣һ򵽵ܸЩʲôҲǺȷ
Ƕǰռ˵һѾһʺܴĿԣҶ־Զɫôÿ
ȻҲ֪ԼҾѲǰҲ˵øˣĺˣӻǸɾġ
־ԶδΪ׽ֻǸЦѡ
˻棿Ҷٴȷϵ
һ죬Ǽ٣ʱȻ֪ˡ
ٺ٣ҪĻǾ͸ˡҶЦ˵ҪӣæĿڵЦЦҪ
˵ҶҪ򲡷ȥǸߵſڣȴɭԸ


8 Ժ
ҶɭԳۣɻͷﵲأҶ˿ûȤرʹ˼ңȻҪǩĻȵҽκ˵ɡ
ߣԲѣ㣬ҽԺɲ͵ĵطɭѵ
ôӢôأʵϲҸСҼңλʿСþͦʺġҶ˵ֶλʿС÷˷ŵ磬ԺڱϣʿСõҲʧ
ˣҪںԣҿҪбˡɭԳ
ҶһɾͲˬˣͷô˵ɾͲˣ˵ģԼֻצӵҵ·ôˡ
ˣҽʸ֤𣿡ɭ԰ȻʵɲҶͻӵҽʸ֤
ʲôҽʸֲ֤ҽҪҶ
ɭһ˵Ȼûҽʸ֤ûʸȥҽβˡ
˵ͷֵͦģ͵Ǹʦ࣬ôôԶأֲҽ㣬㼱ʲôҶ˫һ棬Ƶ
㣡ɭ߳ŭ˴뱲ӻûһԵԼӵС裬ǹ˼ԼݣǰúýѵѵĿ𳤵ļһ£Ҳֻǿŭймҹ棬ҹܲţҽԺ͵ðҽԺĹ졣˵ţŤͷ־Զ˵ÿһλҽԺĲǶα֤ǵİȫҪҽΣǾȽ˴ҽԺɡ
־ԶȻ֪ɭв죬ЩεЦЦ˵Ժ㿴ܲͨͨڣʵҲû˼ֻŮģҪǳʲô⣬Լеġ
ȻִˣǾǩЭɡɭ˵űԸλʿСȥȡЭ顣
ڻʿСȥȡЭڼ䣬ɭֺĺȰС㣬ĸ⣬ǷҲиȣĸ׵Ĳ·Ҳܻתģԣ㻹ǲҪ;˵һЩʵʵĻԣϵƭ˵䣬ɭԹ⽫ĿҶƳһۣҶȴŶʺú޲Űϳơ
Ժ֪ǳں⣬ңʵڲĿ뿪˵ֳ
ʱҶȴһ̾ϢЩҽҴл˲ҽѧǷŲоЩƨɺͷζسʺˣйҽѧŹ֡
ɭԭҲҶСһʶɼԷ˵Ǳ䣺ߣ˵ǳŮ֣ɶвˡ
˭ǳŮ˭ǺϾͻҪеĻҶһѡҶʮ˵
ɭԵȻһС꣬ʵôķ
ҶааһЦ˵Ǯʲô̫ˣҪҰĸĲκˣͰѸղǸʿСҵѾߡ
һͷ󺹡
ɭЩ˵ֲĸҾĸҲûȨӦ㡣
Ҿ˵̵ͣ㻹ţȻĸûȨΪĶͷ˾Ȩġɭƺû׹Ҷøֱ׵Խһ͵ҵ˽˻ʿշҪͬ⣬͸ıĹʣֱͬΪֹ
ȻҶ鵹ǿУոҶ쿴ǻʿɭԻǷŲģòͼıɣ
ͷȻҲ֪Ϊҳ˧ŻôҵģﻹǺģƽʱڲһֻĲˣôܻһλƯĻʿͼıأҶһԼ
̹ҶĺƤѾ˿壬Ȼ༸һ顣
»ǵλʿСͬɡ㣬ҪˣأɭԽҶ´һȦȴһ
ҪˣҶ˵
ɭ˵Ǻã˵ĻҽԺﵱһµ幤ɡϾҶҲẠ̊́ܿԽɭҲ̫Ϊ
ˣһҪһ㣬ҪӮˣҪҹ¿ͷϴôҲأҶƵ
ʲôҵģҪˣͬҲùϴɭҲӦҲԼ䡣
ǾôɽˣΪ֤˿ɲҪޱŶҶ˫ֱأ
־Զһգͺѩλ߰ʮԺȻһʮ߰СɵĶĲϷʵڽš


9 
ҶͽɭԶ¶ԼλʿСҲЭ鵥˻
սЭ鵥ݸ־ԶҶյǰаЦ˵ʿСãԺѾˣԺҶ˿
ʿСþɭԿȥ
ɭһ죬æɿ͵ģλСֵ˵Ҫһ˽˻ʿƼ㣬ȻòżŴӦܾȿǿǡ
ڽɭͣѾ²ۣȻҲᵱҴɭԵĻԡ
ʿСһͷˮƯĴ۾Ҷֿɭԣ㶵Ŷһ
־ԶܿЭǩְӡȻЭݸɭԣʵԺ㿴𣿡
ɭԽӹЭһ飬Ȼ˵ͷҶ˵ڿԽȥˡ
ҶҲҡ߽˲˷׷׸ϡ
ǰػʩʮƣӡ䡢յȫǴƵĸߵͷƵġ
ڷһŸ߼綯ϣĸ׷ţݣգ֣ȥûκΨһܹ֤ŵģǴߵĻ΢ĵͼ
ߵǰĸ׵֣ۿѾʪѾĸ׵һϣϣȴʮã
ɭԵҲΧ˴ߣǵĿⶼͶҶϣСΪ֪κãҪſڿأòӲɣ
ҶҲܱô룬۲һŤͷԵĻʿ˵ʿãֽ¡
ʿСȻ⣬ǻǺϵ֡
˶ǺܺĿҶ죬ֻ˷ܵץסʿСõ֣ﻹ˵֣⼡ָУȻҲһ
˿ΣһʱľȻЩ¡
ʿСûæ˻ȥΪ˾ڳҲֻҶ췭˷ۣûС
ҶٺɵЦȻãҽҪʼʩˣɴǵ۾ϸˡ
ԱϣҲن£ӣֳſϸ۲ϰ죬Ȼڷͷϼλϰ˰
˵ȵЩͷʱҶֱ壬ɫƽ˵Ȼ
Ҷ쿴˰죬ȻͱôһϻϷ׷¶˲õɫ
ɭĨ˰ѺⲻǷϻ𣿶Ѿȸˣ˭˵
Ҷ쿴ɭЦʵ֪Ϊļ𣿡
ɭ㶣شʲôࡣ
ҶЦͲ֪ˣΪ֣һ΢ڶжض
ɭͳ˵˭ᡣ
ոôô˵أҶʵ
ɭԶԣֻܺߺߵҿĳ
Ҷ첢û⣬Ǽʵ֪һ𣿡
ˣһֲ˵ġɭܸоԼ˾ס
ҶЦЦ˵룬Щϵҽֻҩ̼ж״̬ɣ
ôжǻѲɻ𣿡ɭֱ׳ر粵
۲ݣι㿴ô죬ܲأ
ϹҲ˵ĿǰûβõĲû˵ĻĸӦû1891ˡҶ϶˵
ָ㣬۾ʱɵùԲҲ¶˾ϲ֮ɫϳĻȷ1891졣
ôһ˵ɭԷ׷һһǿƵĿҶ죬ǿɲҶ쿿Ϲɣܹɳô׼ȷֵ֪˳ڡ
ɭ˿ĭɵʵСӣ֪ӵģ
Ҷʼ磬ΪȻȻǿǲҽˡ
˵ͨжϳ˲˵֢״ôһԣ˵ĻҲֱܿ췽ҹ̷
ȻҶʹõĿɲһУķֶΣѨλֱﲡ˲ϸľȷ˥Լ˥ʣֵܼͨ˵ʱ䡣
ܽɭɣҶҲ̫࣬ԼֻҪ˸κþͿˡ


10 
ĸҽΰɡȲĴߴٵ
Ҷǲ˵ĸʱãҪ޸Щ˥ϸҲҪһȽϳƹ̣ĻָٶҲǺȷҿ԰ǵҪѡԹȻָӾֻǺйʵȹܡ
ɭԶʱɵˣֲܹ˵Ĳ˻ѣ˵ѾǷ˼ˣ˵һҪѡͬĹܡ
⣬ⲻܡɭҡͷϵΪҶ˵ǵ߸˽ɭԵĸ˹ȫǵ߸ʮоɹ
ǣָӾɡԥ˺þòžϣĸܹ۾
û⡣ҶɴӦֶԻʿС÷Ըʿã鷳ȥȡһЩ
ŶʿСûеĵ˵ͷҲɭһѾҶĻˡ
֮ҽֲ˵ĳɹмİȴδţҲû˻ɵȥֲ˵ơ
ʮְϵı죬Ҷƽ糣ͺѩϲɭȻǳԾͺɣ־ԶǾ൱øˣҲԼܲѶ˵Ѿ޹ؽҪ飬ĵǣҪˣָʲôȥԼŮ޸֣
ûãʿС˻һС
õкҶַԸ
׼ҶУһָָﾹѼö롣
ֱַ˾̾ѣԱߵĻʿСøǳԾ˿
ţҶַɿڷԴƶһգ۵Ĺöȫ˷ͷϣԴķ縮Ѩλϣǲ˰ٻѨͶϡ
ȻɭҽǶҽѧҲоرǹƷ֪ʶȻ֪ҶʱʩƷֲ˵ĳѨλȻһĻȫˡ
ֻҶȡö룬ö뾹Ȼȫ˶ļѨλϡ
ҶۼֿĶɰ־Զͺѩ˿磬Ȼǲҽĵĳ浹ҲʶЩҽһ㶼׼ѨλȻŵĲȥĻҶûͷûԵҲһͨ
λʿСȴʮҶЩɲҲģҶΪλЩλϣÿһ붼ʮ׼ȷĲ˸ѨλϣҶٶ׼ȷʩַѾλʿСÿĿɿڴǱҶ쿴ʱɰ㶵ģضûһڡ
ʩҶֲûЪٶ֮ţÿƵһöϣת룬עһ˿
ʵƵԯڡࡷͬʱ뾭ķ䱾ΪĺΪһ壬γΪΪƷ׻˵Ĳҽ׷Ѿ˰ܿࡣ
˿̣һ˿˿˳Ĵ֮УЩ̼˥ϸ𵽸޸Ч
˽СʱҶͷðϸϸĺ飬ע֮ϣҪ֪ЩѾ̽ͷǣĴƤзֺ֮࣬вؾͻԷĴԵˡ
ŷ֪ʱĿƵҶϣ˿̵Ҷֳҽ̬֮ǰǸǻȫˡ
˧ӣׯµ飬Ͷɳսʿһ㣬ǼĿ⣬ΰˣһеһ޲飬С
ó֮ʱҶͻȻ˵Ҳ֪ҳ˧ҲòôҰɣⷬʱиոսһǧɡ
ߺѸٽĿҶƿɾڴʱȻĸ׵ָȻһ¡
дϲæ裡ѣ
˫Ŀע֮£Ȼ۾
ȻˣɭԵֻ߲Դ졣
裡裬ˡϲ·һйĸ׽ܹҲﲻиŬĽͷ˵ĻڽҶ졣
ԼŮȻĳԼǰȻҲǼ֣ϾļȻͣڷһ졣
ʱķ˵ᶯȫѾҪˣϲѣҶһȴһͷˮ


11 Ѿ
Ҳ̫磬ոֻǶȫԵ޸׼ڵ״̬ڻعⷵգ̫õģҽЩγȻԣ״̬ҲҪԺָʵϣڵ״̬ȫҶոעеάŵġ
Ҷô˵ϵϲɫ԰Щվάϲõ״̬ô˵ǿ⡣
λǣɻʵ
裬ѵġ͵
ҶûдĸŮɭԿ˹ȥЦԺոǵĶԼӦûɣ
ҶԼɭһ԰׵Ҳ¶˲֪ǿ޻Ц˹顣
ǾȹͷϴɡҶȻ˵
ҶĻ˶Ĳ̣ϾɭҲһˣҪһʮС¹ʵЩ̣˫ԼȣҲó档
ɭԲ˲ǵĺε˵Ըķ䣬Ըķ䡣˵˫һ׼¹򣬲ȴҶ켰ʱֹ
ǺǣԺֻǺ㿪Цѣص棬͸ʦ࣬ҪҹǽҶˡҶЦ˵
ҶⷬҲһ
ɲƬ̣Ҷֽ˵֮ǰǸԼҪеŶ
˵ţҶλûлعĻʿСÿȥаЦʿãڿʼɾҶѾ߿
ʿСþһ˲عԼôĪ˱˵ѾˣһؿҶ죬ֿɭԡ
ɭæ͵ǣģҸոո˵λҶҽ˽˻ʿ飬أ˿̣ڽɭҶѾǸҽһǸܹҽʲôҽʸ֤׵Ժ
ʿСһãȻȻûи״
ԴˣҶ쵹ҲЦǺǵʿСʵʿãҲӦѧҽİɣ
ô֪ģʿСþʵ
ոСֵʱ򣬷ʳָĴָЩƤӦָģֻǾĦĳλԭ򣿡˵棬ҶЦ
㡭ʿСõǺܻ飬ϱҶ컰⣬ϸһƬΣСݺҶһۡ
ɭæһԸ͵Ȼѧҽģô׷ҶҽʺϲˣҶҽҽҲΪʦѡ㣬˵ҲǸʮѵõĻᣬɵúúðաȻɭԴʱ˵ⷬҲҶƨȫǷԷθġ
ɭôһѣʿСõȻ򣬸ոҶһʩַҽĪģǰҽѧԺЩԳǽڵĵʦҲһڰʦ֮£ʿСø붼룬ոմҽѧԺҵʵϰʿܴҽԺѾĪˣﻹҶľҽѧϰ
£ɭԵ˼ǸԼҶĻᣬﻹаԥ֮ǰҶ쿴Ǹɫ׵˾⣬ȲصͷӦԸ⣬Ը⣬ʦͽһݡ
ʿС˵űҪ°ݣҶֹţ˭˵ҪʦˣҪѾߡ룬ҪѾͷԼͽܣҪĻˡ
˵ʦǧ̣ԯҽǲͽģҾҪͽҲ뾭˼ۼʦԼΪͽʱ򣬾ͽʦļ
˵ʦҶҶ첻Щ£һײβʦҲüҵ񶼲֪ǻҲϴԽҲ˵


12 
ʿСҶҲ֪ôֻͣ˵ȸңʲô֡
ҽȻʿСðգƯĴ۾Ļش
Ҷ˵ͷɣҸϵʽϸأ˽Ҹܰĳͨٺ٣棬ԺӦòġҶ˵ɭԿȥ
ǣǣɭæŴӦκõҽİƢҲûˡ
Ҷ˵ȥаЦڸ˵˵Ƿˡ
ôأһȥ
Ҳֻʵʵԭίһ飬ʹϧû뵽ԼŮΪ˾ԼȻôٿҶ죬΢΢һЦòãҽЩ֮⣬Ҳûʲô⣬ԼŮȰοҲԺҸġ
裬㲻֪˾ǸɫҶ˰ۣĸ
ôô˵ϹأոѾ޸ĻᣬԼûаպã뷵ؿˡҶ˫ǰһԴһ跴̬
ǺǣڵĸֻϣҸķո迴ֹλҽ¹Ȼ費֪ô£軹ܹʵǺġ˵
ĸ﹫ŵᣬҶĴˣǴŵڹһҲҲҶ޳ܵԿ
Աߵ־ԶɫôÿΪԼǼ̨Ĺ˾ȻԸ⿴ԼŮ޸Ҷ죬ĿǰҪǳԷԵĻǿɾ̫ʶ̧ˣվڱһֱûп
£׬˸ţּ˸ѾߣҶãѾʼĥŽ˯ǺѾ˯ǺŮһ˯أ
ҶֻС۾ͣȻţֱŮ﷢㤡
Ƭ̣Ҷ컹ǾȺԲϾ߻಻ȷأȻСѾͷѾ۷Լҽ֮£Ҫ㶨Ҳ֮¡
ҶĿͣϣɿһһ˵Ǹţҳ£Ƿ¡
ҶǲĿʮֲʱҲû취ܾϾĸ׵ĲÿҶ
ҶѾſȥԥƬָ̣˵һȻҶȥ
⣬Ҷһۣûʵʲô·ǵöزصģ
Ҫزأֻҵô˵˵᲻˼Ͼ֮»˽˵ȽϺʡҶЦ
üͷһ壬ʵҲµ˼֣֪Էϵ޷ǾԼ壬ȻѾ׼浽ʱȻЩη壬ҲԶŵˣȻѾ˳ŵٰ㲻ԸҲأĺˣҲߵġ
ҵȻߣֻҾӦóȴҪǽͽˡҶֻشţڴؿ
ʲô̲ȻûϵҶ쾹ôＱ
綼ҵˣʲôϵءôԸӣҶЩ
ȻǴӦҲԼԭģû֮ǰǲ㡭ߺûм˵ȥ


13 
飿ֵҶ쾪ˣ˵Ҫҽ١ҶʱЦãʦСͽ̫Ǹʧܵˡ˼һ򣬸ҶõѧϰҶŸո̤뻨ԣҪǾô˻飬ȥôʦ˼ء
ⲻ֪Ҳ־Զ˽ȥ־ԶıˣȻܹҶнϢҲһ˿Ц
ص⣬̬ǿӲ˵û㶨Ҳûûҽ֮ǰҡ
ҶʱйƤɫҲ䵭˵ʵʮֲˬԷⲻǱˣѵѾͷһʼͳ׼Ҳ飬ԲȦףҶһɵĿĵͻȻһƭĸо
Ƭ̺Ҷ˵ͷȻ˵ˣ͵֮ûʲôԼĸҲˣټ˵꣬Ҷתȥ
Ȼ˾ԵЩ£ҲҶԸƽ޵ľƭǿһƬТĵķϣҶԲװݡ
ȵȣæһʲôѵľһ㣬첽ߵҶǰ㲻Ҫ𣿺ãҴӦ㣬ֻһΣԶֻһΡ
Ҷ㶣а룺ѵ˵Ѿͷԭô˵ˣ
뵽Ҷ쾲עʮķȻûﵽʦֹʶ˵ľ磬Ƕٻܹͨ۾֮һЩϢܹġ
ϵŮǧЩŮȷʵֻһξ͹ˣЩŮģȴ񫣬޷԰Ρ
ƣҶ쵹ûеóȷĽۣϾŮദ˻ʱ䣬һԿ϶òݡ
ǻʦҶ޷ĻҲԥѡһΪһ磬Ҷȴ෴Ǿ󾫣ֻЩƷŮ֡ȻϡеļƷŮҪֻһڵĻҲ̫˷ˣԣõİ취ǣռΪУԶΪԼŮˡ
̶ڣҶ˾ı˲»ǸЦֻǺ㿪Цŵġ
㡭üյʲôʱأ
Ϲֻ²Ż㣬һ֣ҽʱ򡣡Ҷͣͣȥ
֮п֪ǳһ㣬ոҶҽĸʱֳģȷʵһׯµ̬Ϊ֮ˡ
Ҷû˵ʵǵڶأ
ڶֵĻͿ鵽ˣڿҪԺˣȻҪ㼱Ҫ֪Ļ
Ҷ˵꣬һڻؾˡǴŮˣҶѾ˵ôˣ
ٺ٣ˣԹԼȵģҶûȢ֮ǰǧܼ޸ˣ֪𣿡֮ǰŮп֪־ԶŮ޸Ǹ֣ˣԼڻûץסģԱȴԤ롣
ҪⱲӶȢңѲҾһӲ𣿡ϾԼ£Ȼÿȫ


14 
Ҷüͷ˵ȻһһޣšҪһºˣǸʱҲĸ׵ơ
һ£ѲһȢңɵĿ˿Ҷ졣
ôȢ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ˣֻǵһºڡΪȻ˵ȻǺ޲ܹҶħצ
һ㵹õģҶ´ڡҶ˵ȴǰһڻץסģҶ컹ҿ鶹ײˡ
ʵҶ椼ҪһһһӵĻѶٸҲһʱ䣬ֻϲһN⣬£Ŵ̼
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣǾôɣʱɱˣˡҶͷԵļһʵڲôġ
˵ּзȣֳ˧ˣôܻˣأҶί˵
ҶһۣȻת߽
ҶɭæϹϾӭҶ죬Ц˵ҶҽȻӵ˾տҽû˼䣬㲻ĻԺƸרңһġ
ҪԺҵĻһῼǿǡ룬ҪԼԺͿƸһЩƯĻʿСãÿźԼ
ҶⷬɭԵɫȻôÿҽԺԺƽﶼǱ˶ϹϾ˵ԷԷȻűʵڽаա
ɭô죬Ҳұֳô뱲ӣѾǸ˾֪Щ˿ǴԲѣЩ˿ȴʱģȻλ˵ҽѾ˵ãеʦˣԼġ
ԣҶҲֻǸЦȻҲͱͣûȤ
Ҷ߻صǰ־ԶֺǺЦ˵ҶȻѾҵӣô֮ǰСŮ֮ЭȻأڣ׮¸˰ɡ
־Զ˵ĸԸǴͱУҶܹоõû˿ĳ⣬ìܵҶЩͷԡ
ҲͬһɵĿףѵ˵Ҷҽƺе˵ȥصӦĹ˾ҶҽٸҲûĹ˾ӦȲҪҼ޸мҵĶӲǡ
λҶ첢û̫ĺøУ飬ҶҲֻڷ֮ܵԺ˵ɣڻû뷨
ҶĻش־Զ¶һ˿ײļ黫֮ɫȻҶûн뷨ҪͰ֮ǰ飬֧һ򣬵ҽӵıꡣ
־Զ˻һҶɻȻҲͽ⿪ˡ
Ϻϵӻ飬ԲŹἰ֮µġҶа
ɴ˵飬СҵûʲôҪŴͬĻǾôɡҶЦȥ
Ҷô˵־ԶȻܸˣüЦŮȥ˵Ҫôɡ
ݺҶ˵ۣȻҶ첢Ը飬ֻƸ
Ȼ֪ûʲôģԼҪǺҶ˻ԼǸһ뷽跨Լ޸֣


15 
ǻһСʱǰҶ֣ûʲô𣬿ǾһСʱ֮УҶĿȴ֪һ˿ת䣬Ҳĸ˵һҶĻģ֣һǸʮĶ
ԣһҧȻ˵֣ϲҶ죬ڲ飬ҲԸȡ
־Զɫһ࣬ǴˣȻ֪ԼŮ˵ⷬ⣬ֲõѵ⣬Ҳֻһ
ҶȻҲ֪ϲԼⷬ˵ҶҲYYһҲûԼ𣺡û뵽Ҷ쾹Ȼ˴ѹÿڽϣ˵ĿŮ˵ļС
ҶĺƤѾûƢˣҪԼ޸һԺô
Χ˶ôϣҶҲ֣˹ȥ˵ȡˡ
ЩǵܵǰҶʵЩˣֻԹȥ𣿡
Ҫǻ費ȥǾˡҶڻش
ĸ׵֣һӡ
˸úƵģҶʵڿȥʵҪҪڸͱأ
Űݡ
Ҷ첻ٵ飬ڷԴһӣգ֮䣬и뾹Ȼȫȡ䶼ѾʶҶַ̲ס̾
Ҷ˵һ뱻ȡº󣬷ٴԡ
Сķĸڴ£Ȼ˱ӡ
Ҷһ߽սУһ˵ڽһÿһڻһΣһһᰴҪȻָӾȸйٹܣ󼸴λָܣʱϳһĴεƽĸָܻܲպҪȫ
˵ţҶڳɨһۣɫ˵УϣλҪȥҶ첻ôϲֶˣΪЩ˾ǲӬһᡣ
ԱϣҶ콫һö볯ǽһ˦ֻһö뾹ȻˮǽӲأ˳ԾǣڸϾȻһֻӬ
־Զ˶֣СҶϵĸоڣǽʮҲҽ֮˵ȥˡ
ϺҶָֻ˵ɵ̬תͷȻаЦʵȻãסĵأ
ңסְġȻϴһ˿ţ㶵ػش
ְ᣿һס𣿡Ҷ׷ʵ
Ȼ˿һƬհףûȥ˼ҶΪλЩ⣬ֻǹԹԻشͬһסġ
Ҷ¶ź֮ɫһ˿ϣʵôǸͬ³Ư𣿡

ˡҶڰ֣ѾѾͷڵȫûԡˡ
ţҶȻĺ룬Ȼ͸ȥߵſڵʱͻȻʲôפͷ˵ˣţ㶼ûء
һ㶣شҽʮ꣬ĿǰǽѧҽѧԺѧ֮ԻѡͶҽѧרҵȻΪѰҾĸ׵İ취
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
߳ҽԺ󣬶ֹҶԴţ֮󣬶ûԹ˵Ϊ磬һٷԵҲ˴ţǶŶӵĸоܹǲܵģرһӶҶɫҲ֮·谭
ȥҼСåթǮأȥһٰͣȻȥĳֳƯӣ˯أ
ţԶͻȻһɼǰһƬ㳡ΧһȦˣڼ仹ҫ۵ľ˸š
ôΧŸأѲĵӣҶһת˹ȥ


16 
Ⱥֻһ߳ľ߽㳡мһΧһ˶Ȧӡ
ھվྯ컹гǹؾһ翸һǣƫ֣ͦ´ơƶǵŸȣŲĭɵµţйֳָΰʲôҪ󣬾˵ֻҪܹģǣǰǣҪ˺ӣ
ΰ˲ͷĺˮЪ˿Ҫ£ͻȻһ
ιϸ磬̨Ҳ̫˰ɣ˭дأ˵Ҷ졣
֪˭дģôΪ̸һûΰҲֻܿŸţⶼ˺üˣɤӶˣûӦ
ǵأܸףʬ·˼ʲôĶû⡣Ҷֵ
ʲôݣΪϷΰǳԼະ˴죬Ȼһһ˵Ҫףܲ
ιϸ磬ⲻľƬ𣿡Ҷɻʵ
ΰҶһۣͻȻʶҶݣʵСӣôģûΧž𣿡˵ֶԶԣάһźڿ۾ᾯȵι۾ģϽСӴȥάֲãһȺͰ
Ǹƨƨߵ˹ȻͰҶˡ
쵽ҶֺʵϵܣⲻϷѵϰ𣿡
ʲôϰŮͽٳˡͬ־յҶǰѹ˵˵ָָԶһλһӻпٸ
ⲻֻеϲеĳ𣿡ҶţͬʱٸƳһۣȻĻͦ˵ģ׷ʵͦģļҸأ
ͬ־Ƭ̣˵ʲôʡ
ŶҶ׵ĵ˵ͷʵǴͽΪʲôҪٳλŮأѵΪ𣿡
ȻΪǮˡҶЩֵ⣬λͬ־޵ĳ嶯
ԭˣ˵ڹڵٵĶͦǮģġҶ˵
ͬ־ֽ͵ǮϹǮ
ŶѵϹǿеģҶ⣬ŶӣԶǮǱȽеġ
ҲˣϹΰĿǲʡھͷ֮һ˿عɹ˾CEOûǸӡͬ־һĽĿΰģûҾûɽС죬뱲ӣҲ͵ӳʲôģһĹʻֲ˼һ׬Ǯ
˹˾ôоô졣Ҷüһ룬۾һˣʫѾͷҪȥ˹˾ԡԴˣҶ쵹Ҳû̫࣬עĻ±⣬򾯲ͬ־ʵιϵܣȻôǮ˵ҪǰǾŮǻҶǮ
ͬ־Ҷ´һȦЦͱˣΪԼ֩
ʲô֩ҿֻܡҶ췴
㣡ߣʵʵվ⣬Ҫٸܽףأͬ־һתۣҶʧûӰˡ
ڣ翿ΰĻʹһȻ뿪ΰĻ˲ᣬһλ翸ǵһ˵ԣҲҪȾŮλǽίίίǼ湫־ֳԡ


17 ̽
ɩģҺƴôĽ飬㲻˵Ҳ㾡ȫġᶨȰο
ǰĺˣϵһﰲȫȳġΰҲһȰ˵ô˵ﻹǵĵĴ
ΰ̸רôûԽµĻΰʵ
ΰֹͣ£ŤͷشֳѾ·ˣӦúܿͿԸϵˡ
üͷ˼Ƭ̣ȥˣϽþѰҺʵľѻλãûǹʣؾѲΧעⲻҪĴͽ
ΰЩΪѵ˵ֳЮźӵĴͽԴŷλ֮⣬ͽλãĿǰ޷ȷ
ҲǲƣһֻһţһͨԴͽĲʮġ
ԴŵʱͻȻһͽһõЮСŮ˿ͨŷһϰըңλñȽ⣬ͨͨԶһűߵǽϣǹλλھѻä㡣֮ôòʹսԽżԽ
˶ѭȥȴ˵ľһʮ˾С꣬Ҷ졣
㣬ôֽˡˣСϳȥҺúÿšΰŭֳ͸ӣСӻһңܲŭ
Զ۾æҶ˹ҶߣͻȻֹţ
˵ţߵҶǰҶ´һȦ֪ΪΣոҶϲһּϢֻϢһţͺǶԷɢȻһ㡣
ѵҵĴ̾ĶټҲǸӣȻڹ費ǺܸߣһңֻҪԷϢǿԲġ
£Ҷ쵽ͨˣǹϢĸ֣Ի޷϶жϣôһ˿ڴʵˣô֪ģ
ֳҿСһϹ˵ġΰ
ŵġҶЦĻشȻֻ˵ǰˣΪﵽ磬ѾԽʮ׷ΧԸ֪Χ
ΰЦһŵģΪǹ𣿡
Ҷ쵹ҲЦݵΰȥ´һ˵мô˧Ĺ𣿲ǸмƣңôѾǺ̧ˣҪǱˣǿ϶ҧңΪ˵㳤ǸǶ衣
СӣǷᣡΰ±Ƚϳ嶯ԷԼﻹ̵סȭͷҶ˹
ڻΰ³çоԲδֹΪΰ֮̽Ҷ쵽ǻ
ΰڵĳҶȻ·ϳһŦָۣһŦ۱ӵ㼲ΰϥǡ
ֻͿҪܵҶǰĻΰͻȻҽһȻϥһҶǰ
Ҳ֪ݳһܸжҲòŸ¹ɣ˵⻹û꣬ҲûѹǮ㣬Ȼ򶼹ˣ˳ͷɡҶ챳˫֣ЦΧ۵ȺǸǺôЦ


18 
ΰʱͨ죬ôԼҲǹֳָڵôȺڵǰ裬ʵԣŭһٴλȭҶ졣
ǣΰȭͷû͵ҶǰͱԸֵոҶȻأȴȻûӹ˫۾
ò𣿡˦ΰȭͷŭ߳
ΰƢٱ꣬ΪţȴҲҵǰλͷ˾ֻܵ۾Ҷ죬͹Ƶ
ôҧΪɴӾͻ㡣ҶƵΰ֣ţǲʲô̽ԴŻΰţһЦû뵽ǵͷһһͷһСʱ֮ǰӦûְɣ
ҶͻȻ˵ⷬΰһЩط㣬˵˵
Ҷ첢ûΰķǼ˵ֵͷĸʹõ٢޻ˮ˵ͷÿɰֹ۵ĸӦ1823꣬û´ĻӦһͷºеϵβֻǶƮݵ˷͡
ΰɫʱ࣬аѲɸղںʱ򣬱СӸˡ
Ҷּ˵ٴˮƷⲢʵĵ̯ҲǸߵݳƷƣʹӦһĹнײ㣬⼸¿жϳܿһֳ̨С㡣
ҶȽ죬ԱϵȺҲˣȺָ
ΰȻܹ⸱ֳǶٻеСģȻᵱڳԼĴ󣬶ǿ׼Ҷտƾһ㣬ʸڷϵ㺬ѪˣҪٺ˵˵ɾͱҲˡ
ҶЦЦ˵㵹ͦģȻһСʱǰ鶼ǲˣǾɣ㵱ʱͷĸ֣Ȼֹеһ룬ͻȻһ绰ʹæ깤ٸ˹찲Ŷûϡ
ΰæͷһȻûϣǻæ
ʵҶⷬɹֹ۲죬ֲ²⣬ķ־顣ΪһҽȻԴӻΰ״̬Ͽո£ƾŶŮ飬ӻΰϵˮζ֣һ߲²һ߹۲ΰķӦյóȷĽۡ
һòǸ̽ɣһ˫˫̾ĿΧҶϣưҲòҶƶ
ûվŮǣעתƵҶϣ㽹ѵԻȸϽ취ȾŮɡ
ôһѣŻȻӦΰݺݵһۣΰ⣬ºϸ飬ȻصԼλϡ
ǣΰΡΡشӦһԹ޵ĿҶƳһۣȻ˵һԡ
ɾʱ򣬲Ĵͽڷˡ
ΰĿ棿
һͽ˵ΰģæӻΰȣŲ棬ʲô벻Ҫ˺Ů
ܼ򵥣һǧֽһ͵ֻǵһһʱȻָʾֻҪԹϣˣұ֤ɰıŮᰲȻĻصߡ˵ĴͽȣȻǸ֡
úãҴӦǣֻһǧֽɲСĿҶʱڿҲѳﵽΰЩΪѵ˵
ҷϻڶʮڸ׼ãҪǶʮӻû׼ãҾͿŮһָͷԺÿʮӿһԼŰɡͽǿӲв
ǰĻڶʮһǧֽȻû⣬ʱ¾Щǿˣΰĵɫ԰ףһԿȥ
ΰԼһʱ֮Ҳ֪Ǻá
ʱҶ첻˵ͽʺܸߣҴղǷûκصģҲûҪּۻۡ
ǣҪڶʮ׼һǧֽǰʵûаաΰĽ
ȫûҪ׼ʲôֽΪӪȹʮɣҪȻõֽתص󣬾ͻ಻ȷأӪѶҲֳĽնԣҶԵʮ򶨡
ҶķԵȻҲͬµǣûа취ʮڽʡ


19 Ӫ
룬Ҷ쿴ȥƵʵˣҽԣ֪ôƺ
򵥵Խ鷽ʽǲҶһ˿øУδԼľֳݹߣ˵ˡ
ҽҶ졣ҶҲ򵥵ĽԼ
ǫʵҶ֪ǰľкθ߼
ʵİ취ֻһͬʱɱͽҶƽĻش
ոҲ˵ˣһͽλھѻä㣬û취ͬһʱڽ˻ɱɻ
Ҷ΢΢һ˵ֻҪа취ڶʮ׼һ㹻ǿĹǾпˡ
ѵҶ˼ǣѻäͽҪʹùɱ۾ɵùԲ˼ؿҶ졣
㻹иõİ취𣿡Ҷ췴ʵ
ǹôôǶ¡ԵĻͻȻסɫ𾪵ضҶ쿴ãȻȻ취ڶʮҵһǿĹ
ΪոҶ˵Ǻ죬Գ˱ϵΰ֮⣬˶ûھֳͻȻ˵ҪҹھΪѽ⡣
ֳ⹭ڹߣ²ôҡΰѵ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ɾʱһλнƵؾӳ첽ԣС˵ֳ֪⸽м۽ڸϹĵ
ϽȥǿĹæԸ
ֻǺõĹ۸񶼱ȽϰûôǮΪѵ
ΰһæȡһпݸƲ
ƽпֶЩſﵽжǮ붼롣
Էп㶣æȵŸϽȥ򡣡
ǣǣƴӦһæȺ
Ƚߺΰǵʵϵܣڹ»޷ǽĳ̶Ȱɣ
һΰҲӣύģύ֮˵ڹΪ£ԴΰĽ˸׵Ĺ˾ڹ˾ҵսæʱҲԽԽ٣ԣڹΪҪһΣҲˣ֮ǰ޷ҶϵϢ
ʱ˵ҪԹǽȻΪԳ֣ԲŻдһʡ
ҵڹȷʵûдﵽ̶ֳȣҶгӣƺڴҶ쿴ȥ
ȻһôȻаյġΪԺΰķ򸾰ģҶ쵹Ҳû
˵ҶȻߡ¶˷֮ɫ
ǰɡҶģɵĻش
Ҷƺܿⷽ滰⣬ԵҲʶȤû׷ʣתƻ⣬ʵҶҪʲô׼أ֪ѾȨתҶϡ
ؼģҪͨͨĿֻ꣬ڶǴд¥2025֮ѰҾѻλҲ˵Ŀ֮ľ뽫ﵽ600ԶԱһľѻ֣Ҫȷ600ԶľӵһҪֻͷΪͽϰը
ϸ룬˵ؾʹõ88ʽѻǹ600׵ĻؾľѻӦû⡣
ǾͺãжྯɢΧ۵ȺڣرǼߣܱ֤㳡ûˡҶҪô޷Ǿǲȥ
ΰҶķԸִУҲΰԸ
ǣΰȻôԸҶָʾԼͷ˾ˣҲжྯԱɢΧȺںͼߡ
ľѻ֣Ҳд¥ѰҾλ
ʱһһţԵϵľѾˮʪ͸ΰĺҲɫס
ΰ˺ô󾢲ŽЩΧȺںͼλϳ㳡ԭĹ㳡ʱࡣ


20 ŭ
󣬻ΰŴܻصǰϹϾʵֳʲôԸ𣿡
ϵλѻ֣ΡԷԸ
ǡΰӦһæߵԽʵѻһšѻΣ
ѻһ׼
ѻѰҾѻλ
Ȼѻλд¥ľѻ֡
ֳŻѰҾѻλΰԱ
Կ˿˵ͷӣϵƿûС
ǣΰ׼ϵȴƿһѹӹ㳡˽ֳˡ
ܵԸǰĹԣֳ˹MR7ӵ80ѾǵĹˡ
ԽӹûжҪһ治ס
ԹֽݸҶ죬˵Ҷ㿴ϲʡ
Ҷӹ´һѹͨɫ͵ǺƯͷһ֣ʡЧ
ţҶûнң£Ȼ͵˵ͷ
Ϊΰͽ֮ǰδҶԵ̸˴ʱһӡ
ӹȥʱʣӵʱд¥ϵľѻҵ˺ʵľλ׼
ջƵģ˵׼ʱʩҶԻΰ˵
Ҷⷬΰͽƶһľ
ѣѵѹһͽΰɵʵȻתͷԿȥͺʣⲻڿЦɣ
ֻҪҶķԸȥͿˡ
ǣΰЩشӦһҶĹƳһۣﻳţЩ˸òᶼ˰ɣ
һ׼ҶһȻ𹭣ϼһʩҡ
ϵԺͽƵɫһ䣬⸱޷Ҷ治ɫĽҡ
ΰķ򸾺ͻΰδԲ֪Ѷȡ
ʸ׼ĿԴҶɫ˵׼
ΰæߵԽ˵ѻһšѻ׼
ѻһ׼
ѻ׼
һ̣˵Ķᵽɤۣرΰķ򸾣˵Ů
һ
ΰ´
ǹͬʱҶҲɿеңֻݡһʸŵ⣬ֱһǽȥ
ϣ
ײ£֧ʸȻֱӴ͸ǽڣʧӰ
ڳȫĿɿڴ˭ֻƵء
Ƭ̵ļžҲûκεĶ
ѵɹˣ
ǣո뷨ʱҶͻȻöžѻٲһǹ
ΰ㶣ԭͶҶгɼʱҶУȻˬһʱ֮ҲԼְ䷴Ѿɹ𣿡
ûҵĻ𣿡Ҷ켸ΰŭ
ΰʶΣǵߵԽʱȴΪʱ
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ҵı֮ڹ㳡ž𣬽µĵҲ֮һ
ҶֻһƬҫ۵Ĺâ̮ˡ
ˡڶϲƲݣԴ˲䴫һĵĴʹҶһͨһڵأֻԴ
û˿ҶʹѾŤ˵ϣȴһ˿˷ܡ
ˣʮҶʱ޿̲ڴǰһ̵ĵ
ҶļǴӰ꿪ʼģǵãӰһֱʦ磬ڰ֮ǰ飬ʦҲֻǼ򵥵ĸҶ죬СͱԼȻһֲǰļȫɢʧ
տʼʱҶʦ˵ûʲôɣǺÿһЩĳҶԴͻѰʹҾʹڼ䣬һζĻԺг֣ҶţЩԼɢʧİ֮ǰļ䡣
ҶҲʦ˵ԼȻÿʦֻǸ˵ʲôҪǣҪ嶯¡Ҷ׷ȥĻʦͻտڲ
ѵԼǴСͱʦҶԽԽûɣеҪ֪ԼҪ֪Լĸĸ˭ΪҪԼԣʱʱ̶̿ڴЩĸ֣ϣܴҵһЩ
ȻʱԺȴһҲ̶õĻ档


21 
䣡䣡
֮˷һ¥ڱпҽʹһƬĴӣһģĺӰȾѪĵһȥһʻ潥Ⱦ˺ɫ
Щ̮ķӵĿ޺ֳȴֻɱ¾
ǶԼҶǶôܹԮ֣ΣѣȴֻЩ
Ͻ֯ʩȣԾһ˶ع
һ̱ΰĻΰҲһľګƬѳɷĲ
ϵĻΰ̿ǰԼԼͷⶥɴñǱסˡ
ŸϽϵʩȶ飡
ɾʱ򣬹ڵϵҶͻȻһҰһ㣬Ų漲ȥŵİ׹⣬գ֮嵽˲ǰȻĽŲδֹͣŷгȥ
Ե𾪵ǣΧЩʯһҶİ׹⣬˲䱻ɷĩ
ؾ촽ڲڹôֻ꣬˵Ϊﵽؾ֮ܽţȴûмʶŵ״̬ȻǰҶֳĲʲô
н罫ʿΪɸߵͻΪľÿһַǰкڣ˵쾳ǿӵз֮ͨؾǿ߿Խնֲࣻˮ֣ڻƾҲֻǿˡ
ڹʮ꣬ǰΪﵽ˻ƾԲ磬ȻһֱûͻƣΰģĿǰֻлƾΪ
£Ҷ쾹ȻֳǿƵ̬ϵ䣬ⲻòкء˾
˷ӦҶѾһСŮԷ֮߳СŮȻΰķ򸾵Ů
Ҷϳ˰ˣȴΪŮˣΪЩǺЩ޺ȵĺǰˣǸʱԼӵı緢
һҶ챧ԼŮΰĺ缱æӭȥҶӹŮ
ѡŮлȴûзӦ
ٿŮѪһ
ĺˣЩѪģλЮĴͽɱֺѹϣڱըдڵҲôֹۣǸϽҽԺɡҶ˵֮ǰټЩҵļ飬Ҷνľ㱹ҪǱŴضº˯
ʵܹҲȫҶ̧֣֮ǰҶʱͷܱըĸѹ˳ضݿˣͣҶһʹķԸգʱάס
Ҷ̫ллˣľΰԻرΰץҶ֣ĸл
ʱҽǴҴҸϵֳϵܺȻȥ
Ҷһ߰ɣŮһҪúõĸл㡣ϵ˵
ǵ鲢һҽܾΣҶӦ룬Ƿһ˾Ȼ
Ȼߺ󲻾ãͽʬҲ˳
Ե˳ԾǣҶüĴͽԴ뾹һȭͷĿӼֲǸըĴͽѷǡ
˿ͽֿ˿Ƭ棬ԵĿͣ˻ΰϡ
ԵĿ⣬ΰһɫףͷˮˢˢֱ䡣
ʰ㣡һֶ̾ӳƷԸֳʣĹͽˡ
ԶԽ˵ⷬ൱ڵժ˻ΰͷϵɴñ
ǣæӦ
ûΰ࿴һֱۣת뿪ֳҽԺȥ
Ϊ㳡ҽԺܽԾȻִܿҽԺҽŵֱܳұȥΰķ򸾺Ҷϡ
ſڣҶԭ泵ȥȴһҽ㲻ܽȺ򡣡
Ѿǵڶα֮ˣҶΪˬʵҲƾεú𣿡
ҽҽԺﲿĸҽʦʤҽԺ﹤˶ʮ꣬ŲСΪҲЩ¸԰Ҷ˵̵ⷬĻȻ߳ŭСӣЩΪŸ߰˶ִĴѧʤǼöˣǰҫƾɲѧУʵңҪǵƣ㵣𣿡
ȻʤҶ쵱ĳصҽѧԺѧΪҽԺнЩƾʵϰһƾߡȴû汾£ֻڳӡ
ʿԭҶĳͦкøеģҶ˵˿Ļǵж¶һ˿֮ɫҲǵ뷨ʤһΪҶֻǸĴѧ
ʤⷬûͷûԵ߳ȣҶпƣѵԼҲʼ磬ΪɣΰɣҵҪм͡
񾭲ߣʤһۡһš
ʤóǣݿˡĹ˥ߡԳѪȶΣؼƣڳڴµΣزٴʵУ˷ḻĶΣز˵ľξ飬нǿֳۺϾεԣͨݿ˻ߣΪʮİ
ΰķ򸾲ûб̬ȻҶ֮ǰıֺ𾪣βɱ˿ȫ£ҶȷضԣȻԸԺ
Ҷ쵹ҲŸʤа壬Լң뾡˹ʤӹҽһʱҲˡ
Ҷűߵ£ķʼĿϢ
ûãԴҴҸ
ƴ磬ôˣԵǵʵ
սءΰһǵĻش
Ҷ쿴˿ڴϢҲûдš
ʱһһȥҵĺһֱţûκζ
ΰķ򸾼þȹϵƵģǰţʱʱҶ쿴Ҷ˯Ƶģ۾ûκα顣
ʤıɲôÿΪ˳ʱƣǵûкתж񻯵ơ
Σ˳ʧĶ١ʿк
Ͻ׼縴ɡʤæԸ
ʿʼ׼縴ɣʱʿֺΣ죬Ѫѹ½ܻѪѵΣա
ϾעǰУֱӽоעʤɫ԰ֽҲԵʮֳأûϵһλͨݿ˲ˣȻһ˸ӵ֢״
ûʤƽʿľΣѪѹõǳ˺˥֢״
ʲôʤ۾ɵùԲ૲²ѵǸոյıըˣӶݿ˺ͺƣƬ̷ʤæԸϽϵҽϵԺ


22 
Ƭ֮󣬻ʿظѾϵԺڸ
ε˵ͷֶԻʿԸעⱣֲ˺ֹ̼ͨ
ӵ֪ͨĽɭߴܵĸϵſڣԵˣɭһһǴкΪ˿ɶǽͷĴݶҪԺԺա
Ҫ߽ңɭԵ鵽һӰŤͷһʱһ
СôûߣɭаҶĿҲûţֱ߽ҡ
ɭԵʤһ첽ӭɭԣ˵Ժڲ״ʮָӣѪѹոյõȴֳ˺˥ߵ״һˣ
ԴŹ顣ɭæԸ
ɽɭԻ䣬ʿľֽ𣺡Ժ˵ͫɢ󡣡
ѵ̱ݿˡɭɫʱΪ֢״ҽѧʮټһݿ˶ǶԵģ̱ݿ˺ܾܿǳõģԣ̱ݿſԣҲͨʱпϣȻЩֻϵĽͣϾֲ֢ټеļҲڲԭͻԺ˥ߡ
Ժڸô죿ʤæʵ
ͫɢ޷ƣǾûϣˡɭⷬѾ̡
ʤε̾˿ʿҲȻ
ɾʱ򣬽ɭͻȻſڵҶ죬ʱ۾һ˷ܵȵȣоȡ
ʤ˶һ졣
ɭԶ˵ֱӳſȥ
⣬ΰĵ˼ɭ߳æӭȥ
ԺŮôˣ罹ʵ
Ŀǰ޷϶ɭڻһ䣬Ȼƿˣ첽Ҷǰ
ҶڱĿ񣬽ɭԵЩԥҶ켴ǸҽͬҲǸȲѣʵڲΣ򽻵
ûȽɭԿڣҶȴһ˵ԺҪǩ𣿡˵Ȼ۾
ҪҶҽԸǩȻ֮ãǺǣֻ£еС鷳ҪҶҽ̧֡ɭԸӣһϹϾӡ
һĻ˶ʱɵˡ
ѵԼ⽭ɭԲҽԺԺȻҶǰΪαֵ˱ϥһƺҶΪҶҽ
Ƭ̵Ĳ֮˶ʶʲô׷תҶ쿴ȥﾡ쳣ŵľ֮ɫѵҲҽһҽԶڽɭ֮ϵҽ
Ҳƾεú𣿡ٶȻոҶʤ˵ⷬΰķ׹£ȻɭԶ޲ߣ˵ѾʮΣ
ҶҽȾŮ嵽Ҷǰ˫һҪ£ȻȴҶס
㲻д˴ҶиϰߣҪôҪҪףȻҶžŰʮһѣѾǧŮȳˣȻȥҶƽ˵ȻָƵġ
ƺܵҶĸȾһ㣬ɫҲƽЩ
Ҷ˵űȥ
ϰ壬ȻҶҽԸ֣Ǿ;ܷĺˡǰɭԻΰķȰο
ɭô˵ΰ˵ǰĲ١
űƿ߽ľ֮ǰǸС꣬ʤ϶ʱŭɫңģϽȥ
߽ҵĽɭԵȻҲʤĻŭ˶ôҶҽ˵ģ˵ŽɭæҶǰЦҶҽҲһʱļŻԲѷҪ֡ţֶʤԸҶҽǸ
ԺʤԴһʱ֮ЩתɭԾȻƺʮСΪҽһֵ˵ӽˮˣǸոճŵʱŰء
ʤףɭֺȵʲôҿǲҽԺȥˡڽɭֺɸֵĸоԼԺĶ̬ڵôˣһҽʦȻү졪ˡ
ˣˣҪ˸ϽȥɡҶ˵
ŸϽȥɵԭصʤɭԼֱ޵Ķˡ
ʤȻû״Ҳûɵ˻ĵزȻӦһȻһ˵߳ҡ
ʤһſ߳ңΰķȻ֪ԭģλܵҽǵҲû侮ʯֻǿһ۱㲻ٴ
ʤ֪ڴ˵ֲźô̾˿ͷҪȥ˼ͣ룺С˵ôţҵҪʲôͰǺӾȻ뵽һƨȱߵϡ
λʿһãؿɭֿҶ졣
Ҷҽһɲ˵ڼ亱̱ݿˣڲ˵ͫѾɢ󣬿»ΣաɭԽԼ֪Ҷ˼򵥻㱨
̱ݿˣǺǣԺľ¿ԴͦȻĲ֢ҲܱҶ쿴ŽɭЦǺǵ˵Ҳ֪ڿ
ʿǿɴû˸ôԺ˵ϼ쵼죬ҲǶԺͿģĻǰһһûûС
ƽʱԺ϶ǰλԺȻǱѱϻһġ
ٺ٣˲ѧǳҶҽЦˡɭȨҶڿüЦ
Ҷǫĵ˵ͷ˵뵽һȷʵҲͦѵˣֻ⺢ϵ֢״˵̱ݿˡ
ŶǵǺβ֢ɭԾɵʵ
ھֲݿˡҶ쵭Ȼش
ֲݿˣɭͷˮȻδֲ֢ΪḻҽûԹ⣬Ҳܣֲݿ˹˼壬вԣʹݿˡ
û˵Ļ˸ոճѪš٣Ѫѹ͡Ҷ˵
ûողȷʵ״ηԸǶԲ˽˾עǰһʿ˵
ʵΪʮеڳֺ˥֢״ΪλԸɵĲϵͳͨ·ԣ˲ڻ״̬޷˴ƤԺϵͳģѹͿԽˡҶϸ
ɭͬĵ˵ͷʵǲͫɢôأ
ҶЦЦ˵λ鲡ͫ׵ĻʿӦֻͫװɣû˵ҲͫӦġ
ոռͫ׵λʿһæҲ˿϶ʱ¶ε飺Ҷҽ˵ûҲͫȷʵûɢ󡣡


23 ҽ
ѵදɭ۾һҶʵ
ҶشûԷΪ֣𺦶Ϊԣ𺦶һදԣΪͬͫ󣬵ڻɥʧ´ֱбಢ·
ҶĻʿֽϸһ飬̾û״Ҷҽȫһ
һ̣лʿҶȫˣеó˳ݣеĳ˰̹ҶҽĽɭҲͶء
Ҷҽǽôأɭøӹֵʵ
ԺôأҶ췴ʵ
ɭ룬˵һԿʹÿƤʼҩͬʱûѪͨҩӪҩҽģĦƷԴﵽЧ
֪ҽҽʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ҽα꣬ҽα˵ʵ˵ЩƫģҾӦۡɭԻش
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ҽҽǣҽƻ׼ҽȴ׼ȻҪ㹻ʵҽ֪ʶ
ҶۣⷬɭֻǺǺǸЦҲҶۡ
ڴʱһλʿϲؽеԺѹˡ
ʵҲҶ֮У֮˹ĺͽɭԸ̸ۣҲΪ˵ȴѣ֮ǰڵЩάͬʱڻ״̬ľˣȻҲˡ
දԵԵʣۻ޷ֻۡ
Ϊ֮ǰŹȣһһһ⣬سﻹ裬ǰģֱΧʿͬķġ
ѣҲѾָҶֱժϵ֣Ȼյǰ˵Сã£ѾܻˣϾͿԼְˣȻش缸⣬òá
գգֻƯ۾ԹԵ˵ͷ
Сãʲô֣Ҷʵ
ҽش
꼸ˣҶʵ
ꡣش
Ҷ鲻һٻ֮ǰЩҲ̶õ黭棬̲̾ǸʱԼӦҲðɡ
ҶûӦɭС˽УҶҽҶҽ
Ҷعһ˵ԲӦöû⣬ǰɣҪаĦơ
һʿҶķԸ
ҶǰЦŷԸ۾ϣβʹġ
ı۾Ҷ֣۱һ㣬ۿΧᰴĦۿϰӺ˳۽ǣ̫Ѩһ·ȥ
Ħ˽ӣҶջ֣˵԰۾ˡ
С˫ֻۣԵ۾Ѿȫָ˵Ҷ֮ǰǷ̸ֶֽⷬΣüλʿ۽ˡ
Ҷַͬľ˰ĦָԵ񾭡
ոջһϢȻڶ̶ʮڣȫɭԶҶľ֮ѾǰһֱҽǿҽǼʶĴ֮ҽѧĲ
ҵĺˣΰæΧǰǵȴļһ㣬ĽڴԶϵʤҲ˹ôһ˿֮ɫѾ˿ҶЦ׼
֨ҵŴ򿪡
ְ裡ڴǻĽкʤһţĴ˳Ӷˡ
ոԺ˵ûôһ򡭡ҶʱʤϵȥѵǱȻģܣⲻܡ
ɭԺͼʿҲ߳ʿǶһЩߴʤǰ˷̸ܵŹҶҽĻ⣬ʤθˡ
ʤ˿ĭȻֲ˲ͷĺˮɭԵ˻ûע⵽ߣæվԴȥ
һԲȻֻϲԲûǰȥţߵҶͽɭǰЦҶԺλˡ
ǺǣؾֳˣĳʲôæҲûϣҶҽĹ͡ɭ⵹ǫ飬ʵʵ˵
Ҷû뵽Ᾱ׵ı죬ĳ֪ҶܷϵʽĳһҪһԳ˵
Ҷ쵱Ȼ֪֮ⲻھƣ֮£ڳǰʦҪЩʿߵ̫ҶѵؾֳҶֻǲݸ£һʵû˵ǰ棬ұһ˽ᣬؾֳǸòĴˣҵǿԿǿǡ
Ҷ˵ⷬɭԵǼֲ֣֮ǰҶҽԺƸרʱҲͬӵľܾˡ
һ㶣ЦҶˬ֮ˣԵύǺĳһź
ԼľܾԾȻֵҶĺøв˼֣Ц˵ؾֳΪҲͦ͵ģ´λлĻҶ쵹Ըһ
ãȻҶô˵ˣǺĳˡЦ˵
ʱΰӭ˵ҶƼҶɽмĻҲ˵ˣʲôҪ󾡹ֻҪܼģĳԵȫԸ
һʼҶΰֻΪ׬ѣ̸ǮʵʪݣҪöԷ׷ӣͼƯ
Ҷ˼ʱ򣬲Ķȴ
磬ĶӽˡһԵգƯĴ۾ҶѵƺѾ߳Ӱ
Ҷѵ㻹û𣿡ʵ
Ǻǣǻûأʵҽɻ޷ģΪ±ءҶһȦĶӣʵ˵
úգҶֲҽȻΪ±ʵ̫˼ˡ
ɭֱ֣ȴһȳҶĻȥǼסɣֻҪסϰߣסһҲû⡣
Ҷ۾һ⵹Ǹ⣬ԺͲΪסⷢˣæӦȻʢ룬Ҷ͹ˡ
ҶܹӦΰķȻܿģھͻȥɣϵܣҪҪȥҼأ
ɣﻹеҪ˵Ҷ˵Ҷϣƴסϼ죬ĳһŰݷá
һ׺˸ǽɭԣ뿪ҽԺΰĵ绰˾ϳֱΰļұȥ


24 
ϣҶʵҶƺϷˣ
ҶһɫأæʵϷȷϷĸʡ𣿡
ӦʡҶѵԼ֪𣿡ɻʵ
ʵҰǰĴ󲿷ּ䶼ɢʧˣӰһֱʦ磬޶Ҷп
ʦҲ֪𣿡ΰĺʵ
Ҷε̾˿˵ʦֻңСģȴֲֻᡣ
ʦ϶ҲΪáο
Ҷ˵ͷӦǰɣЩԺﾭḡֳһЩǰ䣬λعĻԼҲʦ˼Ҳ˼
Ϊ˸ĸΰķȻҶеͬ飬ΰҶ˵ҶʲôҪæģ㾡ܿڡ
ֽ˵Ҷ㲻ĻɣԺǼҾˡ
СûʲôܹҶжģȻǰԷ򸾣ȴܵһִй黳ҲǸж
û뵽ջع˼ңҶ컹طġҶһ˿мɫǰһˣһθܵ˼ҵů
ǰʦʦһʱҲһػָоǰĸоȴȫģʦҶǽϵĹػʦ֮ĸ飬ȴһֱŮ֮ҡڲͣ
ô˵ǴӦˣ羪ϲʵԭҲֻ̽ԵʣûʲôϣȻûϵҶ쾹Ȼ׵شӦ
Ҷ˵ͷĳΰķ򸾽е㣡򣡡
ΰķ⽭ʡԺյĴҶֳȴǽĪ̬رΰģҶŵһֳ̣ѾǾ
˿̣ҶôԼΰĶʱЩܳǰнĹԼӦóƺҶһǰǡ
ΰĶԣ絹ҪȻ࣬Ͼ֮ˣҲЩصԼϲشӦһȻֶԻŮ˵о˾ˡ
˾ˣȻﻹô¹ʣ֮ǰҶܻˣͰβ£Ǽģ˾ˣȻеúܻ졣
˾˰˻ˣβòأҶЦʵ
ãͷش
ҶֽʵﳤԺҪҪ޸˾أ
ҪƯСϳЦ
ΰķҲôЦ
Ҷֽ˵㣬ôƯŮҪ첻ܵܣʮ͵Ůˡ
ҲЦ˵Ҫǽ㲻㣬ʮҵҲԸŮ
̸Ц䳵ѾʻһլԺլԺɽкʮɣҶԵƽƽˣ˵ģʦµǼ˵һͿеˡ
Ҷ켸˸սݣһλʮŮӴҴӭӦǼӶˣõͦƯǰһ黨ԵЩɷ羰Ҫ磬ٻױԻǰһ
ˡүС㣬ܰȫ̫ˡŮһ˵˵ѾȡЬ
㣬λҸϵĵܵҶ죬ԺԼ˾ˡŮӽҶ졣
ҶӭŮҶ˸
ģŮ·ò࣬ҲͣƣôһϹֻѩ׷۵ĴҲ¶˰ɰҶֻɫǸÿˮŮҲİһӲҴСĺײûӹҶ۾
ѵǡҶһ룬ǵаЦ
漴Ҷܵ㣬ϼһλԶݵֶŮ˳㣬𣬶Ҳͦڿġ
ãԺաҶЦñ⡣
ҶԺʲô£뾡ܷԸ㵹ǱȽϵδҶǳԵЦ⡣
㣬ȥ㷹ˣȻ׼һ䷿Ը
Ƿˡתȥ
ֻͷҶ˵ɣԺңòſȥϴ衣
ţҶڴӦһ
Ů¥ȥҶΰߵ
ΰĳ˵翴ˣҺϵҲߣոտʵ۽硣
ҲʱǳˣҲûʲôҶ쵹ǺѵǫһΡ
⵹ҲǣЩҴ󲿷־Ͷ뵽УҲûʲôʱΪϵһˡΰЦ˵ֺʵ֮ǰȥʱƣӦŵ״̬ɣ
Ȼ˼ҽнˣҶȻʵشûҲǸڲǰ̤ؾڣĿǰ޷ؿ
ô˵쾳ǿӵз֮ͨؾǿ߿Խնֲࣻˮ֣Щ˵ˣΰһʵ
ȻЩţҲˡҶĿǰȻ޷ն࣬ҪŤһֹܵҲɣʦӵ쾳ΪѾﵽ̤ѩ޺࣬һ«έߵľ磬һԾɴʮ֮ߣʦҶţΪѾﵽ۷徳磬ûбˣǾͲö֪ˡ
ǰΰĲδ˵棬Ҷôһ˵ʱ㽵ɫԼ̵ѡЩˡ
ҶƺΰеźЦЦʵĲʱ䣬һʺԼĹн繦ң߻ӣѡЩĹȴҪķˡ
ΰĵͷͬȷʵˣǰҲռ˲ٹҲ˵һѡһʽ֮󣬾ͽռĹȫ͸ϵˡ
ȻˣǸЩȡҵǿ԰һʺʵĹҶ˵ҲֻǾ֮ͰˣֶΪء
û⡣ΰĿĵĴӦȻѾݣҲûٶ˵мĻˡ
ʱ紩һᱡȹ¥һһ޶ˣǸģǰ۵ļǰ˵ķ羰ҪǾôڽϣ˭Ǹ˰꺢ӵĸأ
ʲôأôģòŮ˰ɣЦʵȻѾҶ쵱Լˣ˵Ҳˡ
㣬ҿֳŹ˰ɣҶЦ˵
ΰΰİһۣ˵죬ɱƭˣҲǾʵԲѡ޸ģɽԺ֪ԭֻһֻƤǡ


25 ǿ
ΰһί˵磬ôܵܵô˵Ϲأô꣬ԲҲŮʱ࿴ۡ
ΰֱϺݺһѣ㻹˵ϴڽϣһñ¶ŮˣҿֻӶ쿴ˡ
ΰĸűʹֱۣⲻжɫǻҲ࿴۵ģ˵԰ɣ
ȻԷ޶˿ţҶȻҲûʲôþģаЦ˵ȻʵƯĻһȥһ֪Ҳأ
ΪˣΰȻԸҶȥͦ˵ʲôҵģֻҪ㲻ڣҡоеʹȻȥȥƣŮӼҼңô¶ڴϣɺͳأţ˵ǰɣ
ҶˣԼֻǸû޹ϣ˵ҲǣܹʡȻΰڱԼ϶Ҳʵ˻Ӧˡ
ߣ緭˷ְۣ̾ϱҲ֪ʲô˸Ϲֻǣ˸ܾܵȻҲһֻǣѵз粻֪ëӣֵŲͣĴţžž졣
һΰ͹ƵķǰĦñҶҲĿԣѽԺŮ˻˱Ϊ
ûãӳ첽ҶѾ׼ˡ
ͶɡԸ
ܿͽ˶˹һһҶǰĲ輸ϡ
һһֻһһ֣˵θڣҶ޲óȥ·⡣
ɾڴʱԴͻȻһʹĺǳСӣĿأ
ҶظԴί㣬ҿֲСȥ
ῴҲ׼ֶѵ㣬ԺҪֻԶ㣬ҪҲڼңöڷﲻҪ
㾪һ˿ΰģֿ˿Ҷ죬¶ɫ
㣬òôɣҶʱЦãŵʣ˵ʱһСϷ
Ǻݵ㣬ǻΪҺ۸Ժ󶼸ﰲֵ㡣˫ֲɵҶֵɵΰġ
ΰȻƨҷţҶǱԹⲻƽɣѾôƯţһǹ¼ҹˣԴѷӦгôĸ֮£ҪֵٰĻǵùһˡȻҪǽܰҽܼһƯãҵǿ԰һ㡣
תһ룬Ӧɣɫһ
һҪôƯģȻҿɲҪҶ춣
֪ˣķɡߺһصΰԡ
Ҷʼ̻ʡ
˯𣿡ΰʵ
ţһɴϾ˯ȥˣôС϶ŵòᡣһ£̲סۿʪ
㣬;ܷĺˣڣԺҲᷢˡҶһ߳ţһ߰ο
ǰ磬̫ˣ֣Ͽû֡ΰԼⷬţҶȴ֪ϻ֣ԼҲֻǸ֡
ҽĻҶܹģǰλȻǣ
һʦҶ
ڶʦҶ޷
ʦҶ顣
죬ͣʵӦѧУ飬ӦûûѧɣΪʡȻȰЩѧ
ţʦһЩ֪ʶȻԼȥͼݿ˵飬ѧУûȥҶش
ΰķ򸾶ʱҶͬͬʱҶʦôѧУҲϡ
ҶĻȴԷſڽࡣ
˼ǿЩʦ˼ʮңѧϰԡҶ˵
ϰԣʲô˺þòŻع
ʵûȥѧأ
ôһ˵Ҷ쵹ѾͷһнѧѧУ飬ǣʵ㣬ǲѧ
ţʡõĴѧڹҲͦģôѧ𣿡Цʵ
ܽĻǵȻõˡҶ˵
ҪĶĻǽϵУͿȥѧǿЦһ㣬˵ʮɣ⵹Ҳûʲôϡģʡ֥СȻѲ
Ǿ鷳ˣˣұȽϲҽѧרҵΪǶҽѧרҵģҶô˵
Ҷ˰ۣɵҽôˣõٶҽѧרҵҿǳҽѧԺŮɣ
㣬ȻĿ档ҶٺЦ
ε̾˿ˣҲָѧʲô͵һ´ѧɡ
ϴ裬Ȼɵ˴ϣ췢̫£̫ŮҶνľ㱹ûñ˯˹ȥ
峿Ҷϴ¥
˾ˣܲʶһ죬СѾ˶ҶΡ
СŮ˾˱Ҷ˵žͽСѾͷĸ׺񣬻Ǹӡ
׾˾ˡҶ컹
СͣҶһ¡
ھ˾ҲסҶսԴϱ˸ֱҶʹ졣
ߣСӣŮҲҪҡҶ췭˸ۡ
˾˰ˣﵹЦúܿġ
СһﾹȻֻҶС
ˣ豧˵ŴҶӹŮ
أûΰģҶʵ
һȥ˾ˣи顣ش˵ȥͰɡ
Ѿ׼һʢͣࡢţ̡ȵȣС˺ˮʽͦȫġ
Ҷ£˵ѧУǱѾϵˣʱԹȥҸ˾룬ʱϵȻмҲԼ
㣬Ҳ̫Сˣҳ˻֮⣬κνͨ߶ڻ¡Ҷһһ˵
´θɻˡ翪Ц
ǾˣһǱȽϲ˵׼ʲôġҶҲʵʵ˵
ͷͽѧҿˡεҡҡͷִӰȡһԿ׺һпϣǴŵҪǣſһֽ******ǵֽҲûϵûҪΪǮ̫Ż
ǸãԺʡֽˡҶĽпһǮûʲô˵һǰʱһǧĹŶҲңʦȴһҡͷͽܰЩ˷Ҫȥ̫ƽϰɽˡ
ˣҪȥѧУԼŰɣʲô´绰˵ţֶŮ˾˵ټ
˾ټҶ˻֡
СŮټ


26 
ĸŮߣôӳ˳
ã簡Ҷк
Ҷ磬ͻθڰɣòʵ
Щ𣿡Ҷʵ
ţүͷ˴ͣÿ춼ġش
ˡҶ쵹ͦϧġ
أүͷ˴ҶɽǲǮ迴ΪҼ·ӣÿ»һ鹤ʡ˵ЩﾡǸмɫ
Ҷ˵ͷʵûоʲôطǸҽ˳Ρ
ҽ𣿡ͻȻϲʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ҡʲôͻȻסҲһƬΡ
ǲҲزбȽϾʹҶЦʵҲʼչֳ
㣬ô֪ġԴɬʵͨģɷƯ
Ҷ˵ǸҽһǸҽҶش
͵͵Ҷ쿴ۣԥ˰컹ǹʵҶ֪ǵʲô𣿡
ֻһ壬ҶЦЦشȻ֪ˣõ֢緿׿飬бȽϾҵʹ׿ֲԵĺ졢סȡʹ֢ԷӦ˵ûɣʵ㸩ӵʱҶѾǰĺףֻǵʱû˵ȵڵദʱ˵
Ҷ쾹ȻԼĲ֢׼ȷ˵˳ƺ˺ߣ̧ԴʵҶ֪ⲡҪô𣿡ΪʹߴҲ˼ȥҽǰиҽȻðպûᡣ
ΣֻҪʩչĦƷҶЩΪӣ˵
¶Ϊѵ顣
Է֮⣬ҶæŻڻǴԣҪǶˣǾֻˡȻʵⲡûҶ˵ôء
һҶⷬʱˣ˫Ҳǲشš
Ҷ͵ЦֵҪ㲻˼ҪҿȥҽԺɣҪǣҽһȽɫôˣҳԱˣȥѧУˡ˵ţվȥ
ҶҪߣ㼱ֱţԥϰڰѾߵſڵҶ
Ҷ鷳㣬ΰɡߴ˵
ڿˣҶȲɱϻװƽ
Ǻðɣ·⿪Ϊ㰴ĦơҶһ˵һȥĴҴң졣
ֻҧۣ⿪ѡ
νİĦƣ޷ǾǡŮǸλõĸоһȽǿңûãѾ޷԰ˡ
ȻҶ׼չһƵʱ򣬺ȻݡһԶٿ
ҶɫһѸپһӣõǰһһ֧糤ĸ롣
ʲôˣҶʵʱ˴ţȻջ
䣬һӰ¥ϴէȻһʮŮӡ
ŮӼһͷ̷ϴɫTϸȳû˿׸⣬һţп㣬ûпţǷǣǶ޳Ĵ±ֱ죬ͷȴһ˫Ь
ľԿһٿ֣ޣر˫ֳɱĹۣ꺮̶һ䣬ӰȴȻģ࿴һ۱޷԰Ρ
ɱ֣ҶﲻͣڸԼԼԷ塣
Ҷ죡
̱
ϹȱȻһɱ־ԲᱨԼкܶɱָû֣еֻһţҶ֪ġ
ԩ޳Ϊγ˶֣ҶѾոöԼ˵ãѾһغ
ߣЩҹӣΪȻӶҲẔ́ͺһĽ˷㤡
ʱѾͷѾָæס˫壬Ȼ͵̱㣬ˣҶڰβ
ѾͷȻʶһλ˵õɱ֣һ㣬Ҷɡ
㣬㲻ҪЩƭˣֻǿ㵥ʩûᱡ㡣̱ѵ
ǡû磬Ҳ֪ոǳ̱ʱ֣ԼʱѾٲ
Ҷƭ𣿡ߵҶǰ㯵ؿҶ죬˫۾ˮڴת
Ҷһ˫û˿ʵһ˿УйУǰȷʵƭ̤
Ҷû˵ʧؿţ򷿼ȥ
ıӰҶҲڲԼȻ˺һ˵Ů
ߣˣֻи޹ˡ̱һһĨﾹһλεСѾҶ켲Ӷȥ
Ҷһ࣬ɶ˵棬̱ȴְγһСϮιӵú޼϶ͷ·ϵҶһ㣬Ҳֻѵصɱ̶ֲֳܹȡ
ҶΪѷֻ֣߶ԷٶٿЩ¶ԷһͽսΪؾڵǿߣҶһڵĶС
ڶԷϮɲǣҶҽŵأӯԾף㿪˶ԷĹơ
غҶʵΪΪɱ𣿡
Ӧ֪һɱ֣ǵΪƣɱǰ˵˿áȻ̱ΪҶ춥ҲֻΪϾҶܹͣﵽھѾˡ
Աϵ˲䣬̱ĹҲѵִҶǰȻԼ򵥵ֱֱ̣ȡš
Ҷͬһ࣬ɶ˹ȻǱոմǰ̹СͻȻᡱһ죬ֻСĵйصִӱ󵯳ͬʱ̱˲סƣΪɨֱҶŶȥ
ɱֵɱܴһȡֱĪ֪Էɱݵһ̣ҶͶһر⣬СϮ֮ʱѸٲ㿪
СԴǰɨ֮ʣݡһöСС
ҶѸٽԴһսֱͦȴԷֵСѾϮǰ
ԷһҶϢĻҲûУҪȥҶɲұ֤ܹȫˡ
ΪˣڶԷСƱƽ֮ʱҶѸֵǰ
̱۾һΪһҪɹȻۿŵҪ̽ԷƣȴͻȻײǽһ㣬Ҳ޷ǰֺ
֮ʣ̱Ҷһɫͽ䣬Ϊ˵סСľһɫ壬ʱ̬
ؾڣ̱¶ɫҶ;ȻӵеؾΪֱ˼


27 ɱ
Ϊһɱ֣κ뱣ʮ侲ʱ򣬳̱Ҳ޷侲ֱԷ˫뻳УŻع
޶˵ҶǺһ㣬ζʳ
㻹ɱ𣿡ҶаЦʵ
̱ûѣͻȻ³һö룬ҺҶзҪȻꡣ
ֶεͦҵҪͷ飬ﵽ׻жٰҶаЦŽԴ̵̱õȻժãŵ޷ġ
޳ܻ쵰̱һһ
ԭһи޷ֹҶԣǾ˵ʮֵɲǣҶĶȴȻͣΪͻȻ䷢ǰȻĪϤС
ͬʱ̱Ҳǵ۾񿴵ʲô˼һ㣬
ܽ䣬ϷţȻ˵ʹ
ΰķ˴ĶݣѾ˴ҶʱҲݼڵΪҶǸˣû뵽ȴ飬ܲˡ
ҶΪʲôҪƭңΪʲô㵽ڻ޷ס
ʹãŴӴȻ·ߵ˾ǰ
ΪĴͳȽϱأûб˿ǽȴһɶһЩ;ίոֹסˮ̲ӿۿ
ֿƬ̣ȥˮǵ׼·ʱͻȻҲزϵĺ׾Ȼʧˡ
۾һæͷϸһǵûˣʹҲʧˡ
ĺˣҶûƭңβʱϲǰһҶԼûаѳסҶҲûжʲôֵ
ϲƬ̣ͻȻʲôɫˢһ±òҰףΪ֪̱һɱ֣Ҷڡ
̱㣬̱㡭ų䡣
㾪ŵĳ嵽ʱȴҶһ˴վڴһ˼ӡ
Ҷû°ɣ첽嵽Ҷǰǵʵ
û¡Ҷش
ǳ̱أɨһȦɻʵ
ѾˡҶʼشܿע⵽㾹ȻаٴȼΪٴηæķǹаǿѹȥ
һѵҶҲ书ұȳ̱㻹һɵؿҶ졣
ã㣬Ȱ·ɡҶѵҲƽһΣջʱסû֡
·ûæ¸ȥ
ᱡ˫ַûֵ£±߸߶ź֣ջʮ㡣
ҶŬ˿ĭûٿȥתĿһ˿Ǹ⣬˵ãոա
Ҷ˵ȥȴǸԲҶղҲãˣκ˲ҾȻ㣬㺦㱻̱㡭
Ҷ㶵ؿ㣬֪˵̫а񣻻Ǹ˵̫֪Ľթ
ǸɵŮҶ˿̷ҳ̱ʱֹҪȻˡ
ʡƬ̺ҶֺʵˣôʶṈ̀ģ
ڹ¶ԺʶģΪ̱һȥ¶ԺǮЩӣǾѣҲɱֵݣ֪Ǹɱ֣ɱЩ̰٣ѽǮ¶ԺЦŽ
ͬķģʺɱ𡭡Ҷҡҡͷʵã֪ס𣿡
ҡҡͷûȥңҲ֪סģȥ¶Ժġ
Ҷ˵ͷҲ֪ɱǲ͸¶Լ֮ģҲôҲΪá
ոն֮ĪϤУҶ찵ѵǰлĻȥһ
ҶҪȥѧУ𣿡ʵ
ţҶڴӦһ
Ҫס𣿡
ɣˣҾˡҶ˵űתſȥ
ĿҶ߳ţ߳ԺҶıӰٻ֮ǰʱĳϺθ֡
ԴҶ컳󣬳̱һ·ɱһܳŴŴͣ˽Ų
ϤȻʮĻ䡣
꣬ʮ꣬һθִ񣬶ǴεȴСĴˣǸ߰СкֵվԼǰĵڲ
ѵ𣿳̱ɵһɲ˰̣ۿʪˣҲοЦĻţҲֵˡ
߳ԺӴţҶЩء
ֶƭȡԷ壬ʲô椸֣ν椣ӦȡԷĸ飬ûƭȡԷ塣
뵽ЩҶԴ૵Ժʱ̱ѣɲ椸ݡ
ϣҶȥȡǧѿǮȥ·ߵС˿ȪƿˮЩǮȻǰվ
վ̨˺ܶ࣬ǶʮµŮضڵȳѧġ
ҶĿһɨʧûһŮۡ
˲ãǰѧĹʻվûȳŴ򿪣վ̨ϵ˱һѷӿȥ
Եǰɢ졢ƽľȶͽĿһۺ˶һҶ컹ˡ
Щ˾ǸȥͶ̥һ㣬ӵҼϼȥڼ仹ʱʱŮǱǸû˶
ò׵˶˳Ҷ췽ŲϳͶ˱ңһɨͦյбҪô
Ҷ˸Ŀλºŷ֣ǰԶһŮ泯ԼţŮòƽƽȻ˵ϺÿҲѿֻ΢ӷһЩų˿࣬ţȹȣͣǰţƺδע⵽©ҵǣĴȱȽϴ֣⼷һţͨߡ
ҶYYţͻȻСкļ·ѵѿѵѵѵͨͨѵ
ΧĿˢˢҶٺЦ͵½ţȣ
˺ա
ҶƵĴӿڴͳֻһŵðֻˡ
ҵѽ̴绰ˡҶŤͷΧһɨһŮæֻݸŮ鷳ҽµ绰˵Ҹ˶
񾭲ŮȻһ
Уԣ⣬ӻôءҶ䣬Ը˵绰
ιʦ֣أ绰ҶѾͷҶĶĤˣȴǾһΪʵ̫ˡ


28 
ѾͷʲôأʦæءҶص
ĶҪ㣬ôûˣҺءҶ
Ǹոǰżˣʦû𣿡Ҷ췴ʵ
ʦ˵ءҶش
ԶԶԣʦأں̲һɹԡһŮۣǰһŮ㣬ز򻹴󡣡Ҷɫ˵˵ĿⶼҶλŮǰȥŮɫһһϡ
ߣƭңʦû˵ȥģ˵ȥ˶孡Ҷſǻ˵
ҶһæĿڵŶԶԶԣҼǴˣǶ季һǶӺһϵľƣȻȥλŮţû뵽⶿ȻôŮ·û͸йˡ
ʱ˾ʻһվʾˣվˣƷ׼³뵱ģ³ߺãӭٴγ
Ҷ˵Ҹոջ˺
Ҷæ͵ûǺʦãѵ㲻֪ڶ孳лĻѾѺΪˣҲİݹعˡ
ߣƭңʦû˵ĶҶ˵
ҶЩСʦãȷʵһҲûѾͷѹǸ鵷һ˫ò֮⣬žԴϣҶκλԶƭȻѾͷĲòĴƢһǿˣҲҪ꣬ǵһڻҶ첻Сǿһ׼ɵķɻȻˡ
ⲻҶոճ绰ͷҶ޷ǽͽܰϽ취ѾͷʦˣˡѾͷ㣬㡭
Ҳ֪Ҷ޷ǼĺҪùˡ
ȻҶں⣬Ȼ²ؼ߸߹ˣʦãͺúТʦ˼ҰɣʦҪæˡ
Ҷѵ绰ϣҶ޷æвСӣҪǲ취ֹѾͷҾͰȥ
Ҷһʱţæʦ԰꣬ͽⲻ취
ʱ绰Ҷίʦ֣㲻ǴӦ˼ң˼ʮʱͿԺһ˯
ǰڲǻûʮ
˼ٹһ¾ʮ
ɣٹһ²ǲʮҶĨĨ˵
ҵȲˣͶ೤һҶ
ǰɣ˵
ҲܣҪһºյʱʦֲ˯Ҿʦ֣ߣҶ齿һ绰͹Ҷˡ
Ҷֻнпࣺʦðʦȡ֣ҪʦҲء
λСʦãҶ뷨ʮָӣΪ˴Сһ𳤴󣬸þһҶҲʵҶ鵱ÿҶǾ˫òʵڽҶܣҶ鷢죬òʤ꣬ΪԼʧطҶҲֻ뷽跨ıܿ
ֽһվҲٴʾ
Ÿոմ򿪣һλɫֻʵŮҴ˳Ͷ˱֮Ϳ첽
ţ˳˷ɫ죬Ϊһĸߴ׳˶ֱϵļһһڽģ꣬һ֪åСͽܡ
Ͷҵʱ֮ǰλŮѾߵҶǸǰ
ŮһۺɫͨͼĶ䣬ϱһɫİһţ߷ֿ㣬䷫ЬĻյգͦͦûô磬ҷҲһЩѾŮˡ
Ůվڿǰþû£һĿҶ죬λûһȦεҶʵλͬѧܲأ
ҶǼɫĻƳһۣ˴š
ãҺһʵλøΣաҶ컵Ц˵
Ҷϵı飬ŮʱһʧһҲһǡ
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ڴͷ׳ߵҶʱҶæվ߳λһڵЦλ磬
׳Ҷ쿴һۣĵ˵ͷλ
Ǹث֣ƯŮñĵĿҶƳһۣСţѧҲΪҶǰое
ŮôôأǲǺأڿλϵһͷ죬ЦŮʵ
ŮƳԴûд
ţŮǰ׳ҲͷҵŮ翴ôӦúܾûб˰ɣҪһ档
Ůߺ죬üǲҪ̫ˡ
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ƣŮæưϥǰ
ʱѾвΣһҪӢ۾ӣһ׳ģеΪҽϾ⳵϶ЩѧҪǳԸȷʵҲЩǿѡ
ţǵľٶ͸ӷˣЩֶܲʵŮȥŮֵֻöҪˡ
Ǿ֮ʣϵҶͻȻһҽУıλë죬ѵ磬ҵĽˡ
ͲŽõôСë첻ˬغȵ
ҵĽû£ɱҵЬѽҶߵ
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У㻹ôţ㲻ɣëװͰ͵غʵ
磬˵ģһ˫ЬôأҶЦ˵ëɫԻ˼֣ҶֽŵֻҪҲȻͿˡ
Ҵ򣡡ë۾һɣȭͷҪҶȥ
Ҷæ磬ֵܣʣⲻֵܲҪȻ
ëջȭͷͷЦСӵͦȤģɣȣҪǰѴҲˣҲ㡣
磬ĺˣҾһ£㿴˰ɣʹɣ
ëĲҽᶼ
ѽ磬ĽǶôôһȾͱˡҶ쿴ëֻȱ˵Ľƣһȵ˵
һĻλȻŭɫĵҶ졣
λ磬֪Ľҳ˧ҲòôŭؿҰɣҶЦ˵
ƵģҴ򣡡׳һͷȭͷѾҶԴȥ
ѧǷ׷Ҷ˰ѺҪǱһȭ򵽣Դǵÿ


29 
Ҷ쾪һԴһض㿪׳ȭͷͬʱ־֣ʳָϢ׳һ㡣
׳ӶʱһڴһУ˫Ҳ˶£Ȼƽ޹ʵˡ
磬ˬˬҶЦʵ
ˬ׳ʶĵ˵ͷ
ǾһҶٴ׳ϵȥ
ˡ
ٵ㣡䣡ٵ㣡䣬׳ʪһƬ
磬ҪҪҶЦʵ
ˣ𣬱ˡ׳İѾҪˣҲЩ
λ磬ҪҪҲˬһأҶתͷƷ쿴ȥƷԴҡþ˹Ƶġ
һĻŮ̲ס͵Ц
ʱֵζڳӿЩ֪ʶȽϷḻŮѾųζϲΡ
ܿ죬ʻվһƷŻŵĽλֵܷ˳
λ磬ҽҶ죬컹ˬʱѧҡҶ˺
ҶصλϣλŮҲϡ
ҽзᣬղллˡŮҶл
ҽҶ죬֮ͰˣòлңҪлҵĻһ°ɡҶЦ˵
תһ룬ЦҪǷŰɡ
ҲǷҶ쾪ȵ
Ҫ㲻ĵĻҿԸдǷֵ
ǺǣǵˡҶ˵Ҳ֮µӰ죬ȤҲࡣ
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кܶѧԺ𣿡Ҷʵ
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Ҷ˵ͷ˵ӦҽѧԺİɡ
ҲҽѧԺģһҽרҵࡣЩ˵
Ȼ㻹ǷҸǣҪҲɡҶ룬˵ȻѧԺҪΪѾͷҶɲɵøŵһȥ
µУŰɡǵ
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ôӭ𣿻ֻǸǰҶЦ
һЦȻû˵Ӻܾί޴˵һ㡣
ãӱͣ˽ѧУſڡ
³ҶѯУҵķλȻֱȥ
ѧУʮֹɽˮɽ񣬸¥ﻨ㣻ˮ΢ԣϷһľ
֮ƣﻪ챦ţ֮棻˽ܵ飬³ެ֮齣ѧҲˡ
һ·ϣҶһŷ羰һ·ߵѧ·òײԺ칫¥ҵУҡ
ΪѧУƽʱǺٴڰ칫ģϰ֮࣬ô磬ȫΪһ绰
˯ʱ򣬾ͱһ绰ѣʡԴģ˵绰֪Ȼʲô֮£Ϊһѧ
ǼöˣƽʱЩСС쵼Щ֮ѧУ飬һҲϼ¼ؽѧԺԺȥȴһˣʡԴ˵绰ѧı϶ǳ˵ãȻԳӭӡ
ԣһϵ˰칫ңݡ
ߵߵߵ˴죬
ֱͦţȻ
ű򿪣վŵĲʲô߸˧Ҳ͸˧ͷŵװ⣬ϿϢ
λͬѧ𣿡ЩõʵɲΪſоʡѧ
ġſڵȻҶˣ˵ű칫ȥ
һ飬ûɣ뵽⣬æʵѲҶ죿
ûҽѾ˵ĺ˰ɣҶߵǰ˶ȡ
㣿ֽҶһ±ԹȻǮֺαװأ㺦ӿۡ
ǺǣֻǷԸҰ㰲ҽѧԺͿ˵
ţҶ˵ͷһڴʵϸ磬ҽѧԺŮӦúܶɣ
⡭ЩһǳŮģҲǣЩйϵģĸǻӻƾģ飬Ҳùܡ
ٺ٣ϸ磬ҿҲǣͱǰװˣϽ˵˵ѧУЩŮΪУӦָƵİɣҶһƨ˰칫ϣյǰСʵ
ôҶͬѧԼȥȽϺáЦشǰѧѾû뷨ˣһѹһҲûԺѧУеˡ
Ҷʼ磬˵Ǻðɣ͸Ұŵҽרҵɡ
û⡣˵ž͸ҽѧԺԺ˸绰
绰ֶҶ˵ҶͬѧھͿȥҽרҵϿˡ
ɣҰҽѧԺŮˣٸһѧԺҶ˵žʹ£ƨɳſȥһЦĺ
ҽѧԺǸŮƼĵطҲŲǣЩٶһ㶼ȽϲѡŮѧԺҽѧԺĻʿΪͻҽѧרҵûʲôŮԷɫȻȶ໨һϯ
Ȼ໨ɲôõģλϣŮļʣرǼɫŮǶӷΪжһк޵Ů
ŮʵڽԲ͸Ϊÿ춼źŨױԭΣһŮ˻ױΪ覴ãֲȱݣŮҪֲȱݻǱȽ϶ģŨױһټϴոУزַмֿͷǿҲܺͷᲢۡ
֮˼ҷᣬΪ˷ԭ򣬺ǸǮŮˣһѧʱ׼˰Ǯ;һĽܡ
ΪҽרҵŮ࣬ҲûʲôٶԵϻڼңӳƴҽרҵϴĽ˵ӰСĸС٣ΪҲеСš
տʼʱĽܲûнܺޣ׷ŷᣬȴⷶľܾټϸڰ༸ҵױõҲ׷ᣬҲֻܹԹ˾Ӷߣ˺ǿе㿴ͷŮ
Ȼ˵ǵˣĽ֮ǰ׷һֱú޹ڻƽ뷽跨跶ᣬƻŮżᣬټϷᲢǿʤŮˣ۸ʱͱŮǹˣһĬĬŵĽ


30 
ɾˣȴûаݣⲻڰһд龹˺ڰϡ
һ⵽ŮЦȻһѾϰΪˣһԵĻصԼλϣȻ鿴
ԼĽȻмһˣֲˬˣɴվڰϵһһиʶǵðѧǺôЦ
ε˫ֽס䣬ίˮۿתҲȥˣǿǵ׬ǮĸĸѾѧ
ˣΪԼ۸ˣҧأ͵һģվʿɶֹ
˲žĿⶼ˷ϣ⻹һվ
ιУô˵ģ޵۾ȵһֱԷҲ̫𣬶£ԷȻȻץסǧѷĻúýѵѵԷ
ԭûʲôƢڱôһȣ֮ǰò׹Ҳȵһɶˡ
źĸϻ࣬⣬Ҳ΢΢ţ֪Լոյĳ嶯Ҫܵͷˡ
ǣڷᾪ֮ʣһϤӰҰ֮С
ҶҡڵĴǰ߽˽ҡ
ôҶ㶣ɻôѲɴҶ֪ҪԲôӭãòصΪҡίӣҶĻҲסˡ
˵ĿⶼӷŲҶϡ
Ȼ֪ʲô飬ҶҲûмȥʣǴ߽ңŽ̨ȥߵ˽̨ϣȻҲͿ˺ڰϵ顣
һĿʮеɨѾҶ쿴һ飬ٿǸվλϣո뷶ĵĺޣҶҲµ˷ޱӵԭ
Ҷһ˵λӵƷأıͦֻдʵ̫ѿˣֱźڰ塣
ԷȻԼѿһЦУϴ˵طߴ˰ࣿǶɵ˰ɣҶ쳤ͦ˧ǮŮˣ˴ֻ࣬š
һƬЦ
Ҷ첻ŭЦλС㣬ö˶˵ĸʯأѵǶʲôôӣ˵ʻĻԺţ¶ˡҲܹ㣬Ҫ־͹ʱû棬ȻҲԱҪٸ϶ʮ֡ôʮǾǹģˮƽҰۣǿܹƵŮġ
ͬѧȫĿɿڴСҲ̫ˣ˾Ȼ֣ȿڲŲȥѡͳʵ̫˷ˡ
ȫž룬涵ķͻȻΪЦλҲвѧ̲סЦ
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Ľܶ˼һ᲻ɵҶ쵣ȴһЦͺѾҶ챻ſڵϿͷһ㡣
ȻߣСӵͦרҵҶЦ
ͬѧǲһòǸӰɣ
ĽܵҲϻֱӳϽ̨ľҶ쵱ͷȥ
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㣡ߣԸУӻõŹ𣿡Ľܳȵ˵ȭͷҶ졣
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Ľɫ䣬ԷܹɵסȭͷѾԾС£ԷƾȻǯһ㣬ץסȭͷҲ޷ѡ
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ŮԼһߵӣһͷںڵȻһɫм򵥵ԺһƵĶһɫϥȹϺɫ˿ͺɫ߸Ь¶޳ֱСȣ忴ȥйоأȴܳƵջڣʤա
Ů߽ңҶﻹ˼Ľܣһ˦ֽĽ˦öȻֱŮӭȥ
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ҶĻϵƯŮӾȻǴѧʦһ㶣ĿڵŶԭʦһһᣬǸոս챨Ժ졣˵֣ȻҪ֡
ﱾǸƢܺõŮˣټǸոձҵʦûʲôᾭ飬¼Է֣ҲЦЦԷһ
ۣϸָУ۵ļȻѾͷеһƴҶץ֣һܵģ̨µǸĽѣһĻζġ
ҶͬѧԷ˰ɣԷץԼֲţѵ
Ŷ˼ʦʵ̫ˣҶ᲻÷ˡҶɿֵ֣ˣʦո˵ӢʦӢ﷨кܶ಻ĵطпջ̡
û⣬ҵİ칫ҽѧԺ칫¥302ңʲôĿҡȳ˵µѧǲλʦ
İ칫ʱ಻أҪѧҵٰҺúõĲһҿ֧㲹ϰѵġҶĳ˵
ԷϣﵹҲþֻܾЦЦӦðɣпҼңҰ㲹һϰѾͲˡ
ҲԣźԼôû뵽
ˣҶͬѧȻλϰɣҪϿˡ˵
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λ£ӸͶ˫Ŀ⣬ŤͷȥȴؿԼҶ챳һæãȻҳú˧ôҿҿǻẦߵġ


31 ̫
һЦֵƤҲẦߣµˡ
Ҷ޹˵ãô˵ңųƤĸأ
˰ۣߣװʲôأոտô˫۾ŵġ˶٣ֵû뵽㻹浽ˣòΪרҵţŰİɣ
ôӭ𣿡
ȻӭˣСллղŰ˵ɫ΢죬̬ߡ
ô˵ֵǷһˡҶһЦ
ûϵ±ٻ㡣ƤЦ
ڿεϵʮ֣ǸӣشҲʮֻ룬ѧУలһЩƯŮʦǵĳɼȻֱ
¿Ŀ뿪Һ󣬲Щѵſղſǿ˲Ԫ
෴ģЩϿʱήҵŮǣȫ˹
ƽﲻ÷Ů˺λϣһһĶҶͷͷʱʱóĿ⳯˿Ҳ跶ѾΪǵĿ
ǿһͦġ޹ɤżЦ
Ҷ쿿αϣŶȣǵȻҶ˧һͿ߰㣬ǿŮȻˣɲĳˣǸ䣬⡣
ûмŷ쭣һ˵˧иƨãˢ𣿡
ô˵㳤óˢˣ˵ҲǣϿԱаڴͷԱУܵͦģǷյļڣʯЩҲó˰ɣҶЦʵ
㡭Ľܸ磬㿴ҡԼҶ죬ҲֻĽˡ
֮ǰҶĶݽѾĽʶҶһѧˣûҹ󣬶˺٣ֵǣǲҲ֪˭ĵˡ
Ｘǿ׳Ƚܴ׷״λվ𣬳ҶΧ˹ȥ
Ҷһһм˵û뵽ǰ൹ͦŽŮġ
ϵķǵĵòˣҶӣСѵҶ죬˶ڣҿǲҪǶˡʵڲĿҶҲԼһͬѧǵż
Ҷ첻ΪȻ˶ඥƨãйô಻۸˵ţΧɨһۣȻ˵ȫһϰɣҪҪǶ˸첲ȱȣ˵ʲôģҽҩѿɵԼ
ӣСǶɵˡһЩѧǶҶеѧһ͵ĽԺӿ¸ùˡ
ĽһôĿҵҪ˭ϸ첲ȱȣһϡ
Ľܻ䣬һء죬ΧǱײһ㣬ҽ󵹷ɳȥ
һײ˷仹ŮļЩºұһžһ˫˫ɵĿ˷Ҷϣһľϲʱ˿Ҷʹһ㡣
ĽΣȴΧȻֻʣԼһվţ˿ĭ΢΢
ھʣˣɣҸ㵥ĻᣬҪӮңҾ磬ҪˣǾɡҶЦ⣬ֱĽܿñ
ĽûҶ֣ҶЦЦ˵ôˣǾ͹ѧС
Ľ۽ǵļ˲ҪҶ˵ĹѧУԺʲôѧУȥ뵽ЩĽҲֻܻȥˣһִӱһӣͳҶ쵱ͷȥ
ϲŮŵñ۾ԤеĲҽȴþû𣬵ٴ۾ʱȴĽܾҶ쾾죬־˿С
Ŀɿڴ
㣬죬ĽܻعкţոշʲôԼֻ֪֪ԼùҶԴȻĪڰˡ
ô𣿳ɣȥɡԱϣҶһףֱӽĽܶ˴⡣
˵һ¥ôȥܾܿһغˣСҲ̫˰ɡ
ĽܲҽԶȥ¥ƹƹҵײҲ֪ĽСãҶ飬Ȼõһ·ˮˮͰ
ߵļŮһĻ׷¶ĵı飬ԺһĽܶ÷θˡ
ҶûĽܣĿɨһۣЦӯӯʵ˭𣿡鵹ͦƵģǸղŵֶȴ
һļžûһ˸Һߺһ֮ǰҶŵǼ𶼲еĻԾڵװˣ
û˳Ҷص˵ͷȻŵǼ˽̵˵ǼҳԣΪԼмСǮеС¾۸ЩҪ֪Ǯбµ˶ȥˣҪʴȵңɲˣôڵ𣿡
޲գһﻹ治һʴȡ
ţҶ޿ȥ˹֣Ҹ㣬ΪԼóҾ²֣ҪǰǼˣŪ֣ҲҪݾ壬е
һʱŵɪɪղǹ羢Ҳ֪ȥˡ
ѹֵ£ϿͬѧǷ׷׸͸λǼڵװļһҲæҵҴһصԼλϡ
£һͺӣż飬߽ҡ
ҽѧԺ̴η£һӣ࣬һʦ󣬼СѧǵͷԴֱӡ
ҽѧԺҲһΪĽǽѧУƽ޼ɵǼѧ֮⣬û˸ȥ
ȻµҲһǴûν֮ǰһҽԺﵱҽ˸ҽʦְƣڽѧУҲ൱һڣҪȻУҲѧԺš
´ҡڵϽ̨н̿ɨһۣѧǸΣص˵ͷȻ㿪ʼĿγ̡
½̵ҽۿΣҶҽ˵ֻ۾͸СѧѧûʲôټϷµĽѧģʽЩζҶԽԽɴ͵ڿϴ˺ࡣ
ԼĿϾȻ˺Ƿ޷ܵģĿҶϺĽ̿飬͵һġ
磡
˯ѧþӣҶĺȴûֹͣſ˯þ͸һ
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ӷ۱ʣǷµһÿڿһѧСͻ÷۱ȥö֮Ҳţڣӷ۱ʵļѴﵽ˹һˮƽ


32 
۱ڿзŸҶԴϼȥۿҶҪеɾڷ۱ʾԴֻʣʮֵľʱҶĺȻֹͬʱӡݡһͦҲ㣬ǰһץֻ۱ʾͱץУҲΪһָе
ݣĸðӡҶһվ
ȫͬѧıʮ־ʣеֻеͬ飬ȻһЩĿɿڴġ
ͬѧô£°ȳ
ٺ٣˼ʦոΪð͵Ϯңһʱ嶯ģҾûӵ˼ҶЦ͵
ɫһ䣬ʵڿ˯ô£
ʦͲˣ׻˵˯Ҳһô赲׷ĽŲأҶ֣ǵĻش
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ʲô͵һӣŭɶΪӵѧֱǰܻУھͿԹˣУݲ㡣
µĻѧҶеźŵһϿξͱˣ˵ȥýЦ
һؿҶ죬ԭΪҶĳܹ֪ŸոտʼͽˣĿǰʽҶߺ󣬺ޱȻ䱾ʩӱѵԼĴѧҪô𣿷һȻ
ںޣȻǻˣܹҶĸ󻼣ȼ񵽽ӻҪģñ֮ʣҲɪȻͷҶƳһۣͬʱ˳ݺݵһۡ
ǸɪӣҶҲֻҡҡͷе
¿ȥҶһЦʵͺӣʲôʸ񿪳㵱ѧУ㿪ģ㣬УҪҲõ֤ݳ˵ʲô㶼ţѲһȣ
ȻѧУӵкܴȨҪѧҲһ仰ģҶ˵һҲóΥ֤ݣո˵ҪҶ쿪ҲֻһʱҲֻŻһЩûҵֵСѧҶĵļһˡ
ͨ죬ڴ˵ͷãҪ֤ǰɣ޿ȥʵλͬѧո˵ڰ֤ܿݣ
Ȼǰͬѧġֱ׳ػش
ǰʦǶۿġվͬһϵļŮæ͵
һ˿Ц׼Ҷ쿪ɷȴͻȻվᶨ˵ʦҿ֤Ҷͬѧ޹ģոȶֵġ
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˫ݶĿЩҶһһɨвǣҪסǣԴպ󱨸
£ôҶ֤µҲҶɲôװݡ
ߣҲ۴£͸ոϿ˯֮£ָνͣ°ʵ
ҶһЦһƨϣȣĵ˵ҲͣΣϿ˯Ҫ㶨Ĺ˵ǳѧʣûʸʦҷ˷ʱ㽲𣿡
ԼôҲǸҽʦ¾һѧ˳ôܲзŭһӣȵǴԲѣҴѧҵʱ㶼ûأֲѧĿ𳤵ѧʲôʸѧУ
Ҷüͷһ㷸ϣҵѧ峵ǲѧһȲ֪ˡ
ȣ˴ܣ㻹ʲôóȵģһмس
Ҷ첻ΪȻЦЦƵ˵Ȼҽ࣬ȻǱҽˡ
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ϸȻܶͬѧҶЩͷˡ
ҿ䲻𣬲ҸұȰɣҶʹ˼ǰͺӳ˱⣬۱ʲôбʤİա
ǴԲѣȻô붪Ҿͳȫ㣬˵ôȷѧôҽôҽֽô飬ȻԼһСꡣ
ҶŤͷ޿ȥһ˿Ц˵λͬѧвǾͱһ˭ܵƾϳϵĲ֢
Ҷôһ˵ɫԲҲҶ˵ȷʵĳЩ»ĳЩݵĲ֢
ûȺ޾ܾ±һڴӦû⡣
ȻǱԣܵñȵʲôˣͽʦΣҶЦʵ
û⣬ҪˣǾ͸ѧµǺţһԶҶӡ
ǺãôˡҶ˸ָλվȥҲ½̨˺ԣɫԵЩš
ȻʦǾɡҶơ
ҿɣ㵽ʱˣ˵ԼϽһ²ĵ˵
Ҷ˫ǰһڳһϷģ˵һ㲻õģҪϳĲ֢ûĻ͵ˡ
Լ˵ġһֻҶѧУҲʲôƽƽˡ
һԣ׷ҶˬĻش
׼þ̸˰ɡԵг˵޿ȥλͬѧ鷳֡
ԭ޻Щԥһ뵽ҶϾҪҲûʲôˣʮϵְڿϡ
¾ָ֣ڶԷƺ߹ڲλʳָǰĴָغĳλָӦʹΣʮֱ׼
λȡ׼󣬷µָʱ밴ʱʱȡʱŲƣɫҲָĶòͣʱʱüͷʱʱֻͷ
ֱʮ󣬷²Żջ֣˵ᰴȡذУʵࡣʵʢΪʹʹڿ֢״Ҳ˶סԼ˵Щ׼׼ȷʵҲûʲôϾҽϲΣۺϸϢܵó׼ȷжϣƾ˵ҲпϳһЩվ½ˡ


33 ҽ
˷µĽ⣬һæͷ͵ʦ̫ȷʵоеϻˡûϻ֪һȴʮֿɣమŮƽʱϻ𳤶ôܻ̫
µЦЦȻֲʵΪак𣬳Եţƽⶾ߻ƬԸΡ
֪ˣʦͷ
ʱҶ쿪ʵȷѾ֢ϣ
ûˡϣҶóλá
Ҿʶʶʲôҽɣʡ˼ʮҽײĶ֪ҽʲôҶȻ˵˵Ѿȥ
Ҷĸ߰۲δŭ£Ϊڷ¿һҲһĹˣ˱֮ٳЦҲ١
ʮ˫ĿˢˢľۼҶϣȻҶҶûʤĿԣǶܺҶ콫ΪԼĸߵճ
Ҷİַûзǰ׼ҽƬ̱㽫˻
ֿ˵ʲôأЦʵȲ۶Էַ淶淶ƾ˶ݵʱ䣬¿ɲܿʲô
ʵϣ¸ղ˵ģ֮⣬ҶҲȷʵû⣬ϣҶϢȴ½Ȼͬġ
Ҷһ˿аЦûмŹԼϽǺȰ˵ͬѧ㵽ϻأأȰûʵʵ˵ҪȻҷĻ¾͵ɨˡ
ҶⷬúһţѵĿҵĲ֢𣿲ܣḻҽϲôܻϵĳû϶Żҡ뵽ҲͲٵģҾϻˣʲôģҿ֪ԼҪˣˣɣ
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣǿɾݹҶ첻ˡҶ¶˳֮ɫǺڴԼ˵ʵɪŮ˽ξʵı顣
ѧڴͺĿ£ҶƵ˵ʵ֢״ϸȾΪλϸȾ֢״أǻЩݣͬѧû´ĻĸǰӦȥ԰ɣ
һɫ䣬һƬ
ĸǰҲͲǸ߿սǶӣʱѧʶޣȻͲ֪ǰصжˡ
㣬˵ʸڷϣֻԵЩ㡣
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Ӻǻҵɫп֪Լǲµð˾ŲʮˣּʱҽԺӦʹ˸ֶƸȾԭôصĸȾӦýʱȡȰ㲢ûȡտʼһӦó˲ٿֱ࣬ڶע俹ҩȻϸȾԺתظȾȴذĤĤĸȼѾڵزжȱӲҴѾԿó
ʵزҶͿˣֻһʼʮȷֱոհ֮ŵõȷĽ
Ҷ˵ͷͷǵԼ棬ͬѧҲԺ޲ɣһ˫˫ɫʸĿںϡ
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뿪󣬽Ȼ󲿷˶Ѿ˺¡ص顣
ǸǾǣҶ쾹ȻƾŰͲ˺¡֮£ѵǺϹµֻ˵ҽѾﵽĵز
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һ죬ĵߣû¡أĻţҿĹơʵϣҲ֪Լˣֻ޷Լһѧֻ֮¡
𣿺ҲеȻ޶֤Ǿ͵ƽְɣҲϡ㵱ѧ˵ţҶתԼλȥҲһ˦߻ؽ̨
˸͸λʱ¿ҲʰϵĽֳ̰ҶݺݵһۣȻת뿪˽ҡ
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ڿΣ޺Ľܶûг֣ҶҲ׷ĵ·϶ȹġ
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ѧУʳã˵ű뿪λȥҶæϡ
òȻ̸У𣬲·ϻͦ۵ģϵʱʱᳯۣ˵һЩ϶Ƕŷֱˮ
Ҷ졭ῪҪ˵ЩʲôȴҶϡ
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㣬ҪСķǸˡɫ˵
£ĸأ
ǸҽۿεǸͺ£ش
ŶҶ˵ͷʵҪСأѲֻͬ־
ȥأҽѧԺ̴ΣĽУУ
ҲûʲôµҶ첻ΪȻ˵ȴǵɪѧУУӵĽ㻹ʡء


34 
꼶ѧ˵ǰкüѧץŰѱˣǲҲ³һɫ˵ҶڿԵһĻڶ¡
ҶڷģͷĺˣôٷˣôǸͺͷͺԵļһء
ιǸ˵ءҶ̬ȣἱֱš
֪Ҷ̾˿εĴӦ
ѧʳһߵӴһǿڶǸʳСԣһЩСꣻĲǸߵƵꣻǸֵεİᡣ
쵽ʳſڵʱҶԶԶͺѩ֣ӲҲĸ׵þȵԵʣ쾫࣬ҲԵøƯˣֱΧЩ
ιʲôأֲĲˡҶҲһЩˬߡ
ҶջĿ⣬ٺЦʵô֪ҵĲأ
˼ҿҽѧԺԺһУĽŮ۹һ㶼ܸߵģôܻῴ㡣˵䣬ỹĿ⽫Ҷɨһ飬ȻûбҶ˼ֻȰҪ֪֮
ûӵĹû׼ҾǹֻܡҶЦ
УҿϿû˯ѰɣƳƳۣ첽ʳôȥ
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ףǣǸҶѩָҶһɵʵ˵ֲŵ۾ǸϤӰȴһû䡣
ȻҲҶ죬૵ôѧУأòҵİɣ뷨ϵĺѩ־е쿴ȻһŮһ𡣡
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ߺߵôɫˣѧУ椻ʲôء˵űջĿ⣬첽ǰȥ˼͵͵ҶƳһۣ֪ΪΣܲζ
ȻԼڳԴףֻΪҶ컹ڱտںţָŮһһܲˬ
ʵҲҶΪĲԣеС߰СƢŮˣԽǸԽƲ㣬෴ģԽǲԽġ
һ¥˵ͣȻͻص˽ҡ
ĿΣ޺ĽȻûг֣ҶҲû׷ǳûķһ硭
Уſڵ·һ꣬ϰһʮޣ˵ҲֻļŻ⣬ֽҲʼתۿ޽Ȼóٶһѡ
ν칫һѵõĸһϷæǽͷöǿνǺԭȥӦûһ¥֪㣬ȵʱһȺӳ˵Ĺ˿Ͳ˵˾ҡڵһһ磬Щԭѧǣһⳡ棬׷ȴ
ͷԵضڹ̨ҲҴһΪǺǰ˵ݡ
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νһˮһⶫ˻Ƕ˽ֵͷϴָ
ָȻʶȴǲ࣬Ϊƽʱٳ棬һɻбΪֵλ˲ò綼ȫ죬ֺүĸݣƤ׾Ϊ˾˵ǹƶˣֻүĿ࣬ƤڣǸʮɽҰç³çһȴûӡ˵Ĵڣ˻Ҫ£Ҫıı˲ڶڲ֮ء
ʱУүͺү˫˫ڳ˹мģǸǿ׳ɫӣֵСĴָһָף˲Ǿָ˭
Ȼϴָˣ׷ʲô£ڹ̨ķʱʱ˫ӵĿ⿴ָֿſλõһĸߴĺӣ⺺Ӿڵȴֵͻһ㣬˫ɷĿһ̲ƵضŽѧУſڡ
Ҳ֪϶һӲսҲֻԼҵ治ҪΪսźá
ʱһһĹȥʱ̫ѾҪɽԭӼĻүһﻹû֣̲סֵСǿûиһҲӰ
Сǿģ֮ǰڹڵλӣүæصү϶û׿˵Լǽѧѧ
ߣСҪϴ׵һ磬Ӳ㡣үŭߵʱνǲ˼㣬Сܱ۸Լȴ˳ʲôӶ֪һֻŸɵȣܲա
ϻͰŰɣǻģ㼱ʲôáүüȰ˵
үҲֻܺߺһ
־Ƭ̣ſڵСǿʱ۾һˣүСӳˡ
үݵһλվǵߵСǿԣʵģ
ǸɫTǳţУһźڰƯһСӡСǿһָУſڷһү
үСǿ˵Ѱȥȴֻһһ߰ˣȳƵüͷʵûɣҪӣǾǱǸСģ
СǿɥشүСӡ
ү˳־͸СǿһͷƤŭ߳ҿСԽԽˣӶԸˣԺ˵һүˣ趪ˡ
СǿͷƤίүǣСӿɲһӡ
軹ҡү̧ҪСǿԴкָʱȵס֣
үջ֣һΪϴЦˣȥһúùܽЩûϢĶ
ָҡҡͷ˵ҲСǿ˵ûСӵȷһӡ˵ָ˫Ŀһ̲Ƶͣڣ·棬պͷУſ߳Ҷϡ
˾ָĻүϸҶ쿴ۣվûʲôߣԴһĿָʵϴҺῴСӾǸͨӣʲôһأ
Եĺүѵϻ²Ҫ۾ȥ룬㿴СӲĳȣ侫òΧЩѧȻͬ˵ͷĽƱȱʵСΪôԽǿŲۣԽ£û׼ǸΪڼҸ֡
үü룬ľ¿ԴʵҲ벻ʲôãȻָͺүô˵ˣүҲûСҶ졣


35 ָ
ȻˣϻȥһǸһӡү˵űҪҶ챼ȥսҽүȴֺֹš
ôˣϺ㲻ǳСӲһ˰ɣүЩͷʵ
㼱ʲô˲ɣСӿǽѧѧҪڳȥУſڶ֣ſЩ᲻𣿡үү˰ۣ˵
ⶫ˻Ƕ˽ֵһǽѧȫĹѧоͶľвٹٶ˵⽭ѧʦ߸ϣŵıҲǸһȣ˻Ȼ׵
үôһ˵үס˳嶯
Ϊ˲ѧУıָһҲֻ͵͵Ҷ죬ҶԶѧУٶ֡
Ҷԭͷһȥɸߵվ̨ϣ˾ָһˣٿȺǸСǿӰҶ׹һתԷ˵ãͻȻе£ҪȻȥɡ
ŶڴӦһ
Ҷת뿪վ̨ԶһƬƫƧĻĵȥָһȻȥ
Ҷ뿪ãͻȻûҶҪֻ룬æܳվ̨Ҷ׷ȥ
ߵĵصһ䣬Ҷͣ½ŲתȥȴѾͷȺ֮ǰ˹ʱЦá
ιôûֻءܵҶǰᴭԹ
ڷ˵䣬ָһѾ첽֮ƣΧ˽
㣬ͻȻôһȺˣȻһϳȺеǸСǿʱ򣬵ȻҲͻȻˡ
죬ôأỨʧɫض㵽Ҷ챳
ҶݲȵЦЦǸСǿĺӣʵ˵ϵܣ㲻İɣˬһѣھȻôһȺֵһˬ
ƨСһֻţһȣ뿪Сǿɫغȵ
үһɫھָС˵磬С֪ҷ˶أҵǹƥ˴ڻ򶨣ܲ򵥡
ָ˵ͷɫصĶҶ졣
үƺδʶһ㣬ǰҶֵĺȵСӣǶ˻ҲҴҿǲⶫˡ
һǶ˻ᣬɫòҰףвãⶫ˻ȴѶ졣
Ҷȴһɻ̯̯˵Ҷ˻ᣬʮֻᣬȫᣬɾû˵ʲô˻ᡣ
ҶⷬʱЦãǴյҶԣСѵⶫ˻Ƕĺ֯ҿҪˡ
үһȵСӣǲСϻеʶˣҲЩˣˣСܣȻҪΪֻ
Ǿʹ㿪ʼɡҶЦŹ˹ָ
СӣаɣүٷϻȭͷһҶ졣
ڻүжү;ָδֹΪҲûү̽̽Էʵ
үȭͷ󣬳徢㣬ҲͣҶȴֻǻȭȣ
үǵĳ嵽ҶǰҶȴȻһվԭأѷἱöˡ
ԼȭͷϾҪкڶԷϣү¶һ˿м֮ɫаֻǸɵҵӣϺʹ˵ô
иո뷨ɫȴͽȻһ䣬ΪԼȭͷƺײʲôԼĳҲǱӲֹסˡ
үԼȭͷײ֮ʱˢһ±࣬ԷȻƾһֻƱ赭дĵסԼȭͷ
Զľָ˸ǿôĿģүڵһȭǴǽϣǽҲöһ¾ԷһƵص
˻عҶҽһᣬֱ˻үؿڣүƺһӴǱ߷Զ
磬ǸڼҸ֡ү˿ĭ˵
ָ䲻Сǰ㾪ʧ룬ǵĳԾɫȴΡ
Ҫ֪үӿ࣬ӵлƾΪĸ֣ӵǰΪľָҲ޷ôԶ
գգ۾ȻعٿڵĻүȷԼûп죬ҶϲѾֲλʵǰɽһΰӰֳ︡һ
үŴӵؿǱָܵǰŴ˵磬⣬СӲöԸ
ЩһĶ֣Ҷʵû£ɨһۣһȤ˵ԸȺϣһֻֻʵ̫˷ʱˣһϣһŲʹ졣
Ҫ֪үǶ˻˾ָܴ֮һˣȴԷһаƽСﻹҳ
ӲˡָɫɲÿԴ̤붫ͲʱΪǿʤս˻ԭϴ󣬽ƾһȭܸ֮ԷǱԶһָ˲˾ָĳƺš
ս֮󣬾ָδ䣬ٴηսڻ˶Էȡ֮Ϊ˶˻һϴ
ô꣬˻ӢԸսǿĶ֣Ҳˣһλѧǰ
ָһǰһɫ˵СֵܣҾָʵҶ˻ڶĵλ޷Ǿֵͷҵֵܣ֪Ƕ֣ǶҲҪѪսסǽҶˣҾָԸ׳ƳҶ˽ӮˣҾָԾú
ָⷬ˵СѪڣ֮ǰη·׵Ժ
ɺүȴɫȰ磬»˼
ָɫᶨ˵Ϻ㲻˵ˣûвɢϯҲҶ˵·Ѿߵͷˡ
үֻε̾˿λϴţƢһģǰǵɽǻ𺣣ˡ
ֵǣһϣ
ָһСƻҶΧȥ
ء
ҽ˷գ֮䣬ʮѾŵڵأ
һָ̣үүǸûпҶ֣ȴеļʶһλָ֡
ƤʱҴ硣˵ţҶƣɵԭصķᣬѵչˡ
㶴ӦһȻͱҶ򹫽վȥ
ֱ߳ףָæ׷ȥϹϾǰˡҵð֮ǰĳŵԵأӽҾָΪǰհ
Ҷͣ½Ųͷľָļ򣬽ɷ죬ǿӣҶһʱûȤŬɣһΪһǧŵå
ڻҲڵһһ
ǣ֪γƺָʵ


36 
ҶͣܵԽٷ硢ӢҶ죬ȻҲԼ硣
ǣ硣ָͷ
ʱҶͻȻʲôԴ˵ˣ¸ˡ˵ţŷǸڵСǿǰСǿʵڹҪõĺɣ
Сǿﻹ˵ϵʹæҶǰͷĵ죬磬ԲСУ۲ʶ̩ɽʴСİɡ
ҶһȥֲǷӣӵʲôǸ
Сǿ˸ԴæŲŲӣŷͷǸɩӣԣԲСĸ
Էɩƺе÷ůůãҶ͵͵һۣȴңҲŲʲôɩӡˣɣԺɱˡ
ǣǣСĽɩӽ̻壬ԺҲˡСǿһͷŸվ
ˣ߰ɡҶ˵
ת˼ҶͻȻͣ½Ųͻʵǿ֪ѧԺб⣿
ڻһ㶣үȷӦָһش磬ǰͷԶС
ҶӿڴͳпүȥԸȥһߵģˮõģһ¾Ϳˣ******ҶԭҲǼƻڽѧһ£ҲԼޡ
磬ǮǸˣ͵Ǹ񡣡үصݻظҶ졣
ǰ磬ҪǲܣɲָҲǸ͵
Ҷ˰֣˵ǵĺˣֻҵǮʵ̫࣬ǵҲղ꣬ٲõĻɾҪùˡ
ָ˴󺹲ѣȴһɵؿҶ죬ϾװʲôǮˡ
ǺǣȻ綼ô˵ˣҲͲǿˣ͸ȥү˵žת첽뿪ˡ
ָһתЦЦ˵磬Ӧûûɣ⸽мҷͦģҪǹȥ
ɣҶڴӦǺүһʱҲزܲվŸɵȰɡ
ǣھָĴ£һ߽һҷꡣ
ҷȻǺܸߵۻװ޵Ҳе㵵ΣҵķȫǽѧУŮ඼ȻǾϸѡġ
˵ָòǳЩİɣҶ컳ɵʵ
ٺ٣磬ЦˡָҲûзϡ
ôһ˽ڴæһλþæӭ
ǰǸ𣿡˸ףɻʵ
ǰְϼˣĴþ⣬ȻλͣҿԸŻݡ⾭Ǻܻˡ
˵ͷû˵ʲô
⾭ЦʵλҪأأ
ϻϰõİᡣָԸ
ҶȴЦȻӵģҿɡ
Ȼô˵ǾɣϽŸߺõλáָ⾭Ը
û⣬λɡ⾭ˬӦһȻҶһȥûһɵĽлӲ෽᣿
ŤͷȥȴһλŷƷŮһؿŷᡣ
ЩؽгŮ֣ᵹͦϤģΪǷῪѧʱĵһѣԭ˹ϵһֱͦãں޵Ů֮󣬷Ҳͱ뷶ὥԶˡ
ҶҲܿϳзŮԼںͷ½ʱԼ֤ԴˣҶôһ˿øС
㣬Է𣿡ʵ˵Ҷ;ָһɨһۣĿдһ˿⡣
ţְ𣿡ʵϾѾܳʱû˵ϻˣͻȻҲ֪˵Щʲô
˵ͷȻ˵ˣȥæˡ˵žͿ첽뿪ˡ
һ˼⾭ǰһſĴԲǰ
λλΣͣ½Ų⾭ͷʵ
Ҷ˵ͷУɡ
һ˾ڴԲǰ˲˺⾭ƨƨߵ뿪ˡ
⾭ߺ󣬻үֵʵ磬ӦҲ֮˰ɣⶫϴ֮⣬ûܽϻ׷ŵϻķڷˡ
ô˵ⶫҲûʲôĸˣҶڴ
Ȼ˵ѾҲˣ¾ŵĴҲ֡үش
Ĵ˵Ҷµʵ
⽭жĸڳǶ֮⣬Ѿռ졣ŵϴǸҮյĴ˶ʵȨߵ֮⣬ֱƹꡢꡢүϸؽܵ
Ҷ˵ͷȻڶЩûʲôȤЩҲֻ˽˽⽭н״ˡ

ƽʱЩåŵɪɪˣҶڳҲú¡
һӲ˺ܿˣЩһϾرˣȾƣڳ⣬̸ۣò֡
ھָϻĴ£СžҶ죬ҶȻȵɣ᲻ȾƣԱߺС
ƹѲ˹ζϻͼСȻȵ𾢡
ھָĥǲǸøү绰ʱԶһͻȻ硱һӽû۾
Բ𣬶Բ𡣡ŮæǸͬʱֽӲ
ӹӺȻһѽŮƵڵء
⾭æЦӭλֵܲҪŭº
֪·ֵǮ𣿡ӵŭĿغʵ
⾭ϵ·Ƴһۣʵ·һǵ̯ҲͼʮǮ⾭ǺͺЦȻǵ˷˴ôٷǮˣֵ㿴Ρ
ٷֵǮ·ԳԺüʮˣⷹǮոǿɵôߡϵԴŮƳһۣһ˿ЦҲǲضŮ
һԷô˵Ůæ̧ͷ⾭Ⱦҡ
⾭Ҳһ֪ӣµľǵЩˡ
Թ۵Ĺ˿ȻͬλŮȴҲҳ
磬ǲǸոպɩӴкǸŮ̧ͷүȻһ˳
Ҷƽص˵ͷ򿴵Щ
Ҷ˵ʲôүһƿûơƣ󲽳˹ȥ
ģҲҶԽӿǻˡ˵䣬үѾߵӸǰľƿҲ˳ƳԴȥ
ѵ
ƿѣơƲѪԴ
ΧŮӵļϵҲԼͬվ


37 
׼ټһүֵʱ򣬶˵ʮСܸžƿ֮ڵΧǽŵһҶ
㣬ǿɣɱҸѪǰһλ硣һ÷ͷͦͦ˵
ڶ˶˻֮⣬СİɣһǺᣬһѪǰѪǰ䲻綫˴󣬲ͷϴҰǳĺһ˿ɲȥ
һѪǰΧ۵Ⱥ⾭ϸ¶˽֮ɫһЦȰλ磬ٶˣҿ¾ô˰ɡ
÷ͷһԼⷬƺЧҲ͸ˣԶԷʮȻűˣ˴ƣֵܣɲ˵㣬ô˵ҲõǸ⳥ҽҩѡ
Ȼү쭣ϰѾӵ绰ҴҸϵֳ
һȺĻүʱɫһ䣬˲ͷĺˮ첽ܵ˻үǰЦвӴүʲôˣҪСʲôдܻ
˵꣬ϰƳ˻үϵһϤӰתһʱһϽЦţţָϴݹ٣棬ñɵ԰ǣǺǣ֪ʲô£λ磬˶ŭ
϶Цϰȴǿ޵ԭΪֻһЩСС֣֪ƽʱٳľָˣҪ´ãԺɾˡ
ָϴƺڳ˶һⶫĺڵУָһ
ܳĸоȻ˵ϴҲΪ棬Ǻε٣벻ͨǣҶͷΪλ˻Щ˻һѵҶҲǶ˻ĳԱ
֮ǰݵ÷ͷﻹ֨µҲǿ־֮ɫ
ǣһĻȴǽ˶ʧɫ
ָֻתͷһλСʵ磬㿴δ
磿ƺһ㣬
һ˫˫ĿܻҶϣû˸ţ˻ľָϴȻ˳ƺһʮСꡣ
ѵһǶ˻ϴϴ𣿾ܺܲ˼飬ʵȴǰǰ
ѾˣǰǸԼͬһҶ𣿷һƬհס
ϰ嵹ǸʮֻˣһָҶ˹æӿڴͳһŹ˫ֵҶ죬Ц˵磬ܹٱ꣬ĳʵңǱ궥ڱѾⵥϰҲָһһĹҲ¾ָˡ
˷׷Ľѡ
Ҷ£ԼҪǲŹϰ巴ᰲģý˹Ȼ˵Ҳףϰ壬¸Ƿûκιϵͷĵػؼ˯ɡ
磬仰ĳҲ̤ʵˣԺʱӭٱ꣬һΪṩʵķ񡣡ϰЦǺǵ˵ɰѺû˵ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷǸԴȥ
Ҷߵǰӱ㡰ͨһڵأͷĵ磬˵䣬һζһﾹȻŵˡ
ҿҲ̫ûϢ˰ɣɲǶԼҲ˵ҪǱ˿ˣǿɶй˵һҪǱ·˿ˣҲˡҶѵ
˺ա
ԷϰݸͣҶϽڰֵõõãˣϽϢŶ˵θ
лл硣˵ţҲ˲飬ֱſȥ
˼ﻹҾһԴսսĴҶǰ߹
Ǹ÷ͷ·ʱҶ콫
һҲûʲôϢձҶסͱԴͣ󣬴֪ˣԺ󲻸ˡ
ԣӴ㶼˷úüסˣӽҶ죬ҪǲʱԽǸʲôĴ磬ѧұ𣿡Ҷǳ
ҡҡͷ
ûҶʵ
һֻæ˵ͷ

Ƶſڱȥ
´ٸҶ˵£Ӳǡݺݾ
˸ӳ꣬үǵ˽
үϰ幧күҲӵĵ˵ͷ첽ҶǰпһԿ׵ݸҶ죬ͬʱ˵磬Ѿˣһ׿·ߵı3򡣡
ҶӹԿף˵ͷ˵ȳԷɣٴҹȥҲȥȾưɡ
ɢ
ҶҲûͷ˵ʲôֱӻص˾ϣϰ׼䣬Ȼ˵һԡ
ٷԵϰ˵ŽСܶѾ
ϰǹͷһ㣬ϹϾؽͳţֱЩ˵ӰʧںҹУŴһ
뿪Ҷͷ˳⳵ȻںүĴ˸ոǴ
ױȻȲΰļҰɣһסҲʮݳˡ
һ˴ߺҶطķ
ڶҵʱ򣬽ѾѧĽܺͺԼȻҲͷ¶ˡ
Ҷ˼֣Ҷоü˫ֵĿ⣬ĽܵĿǳηģ޵Ŀмη壬һ˿̣ǸзŮĿɾ͸ˡ
ҶЦ⣬˫ȻߵĽǰЦ˵ϵܣ湻Ӳģմ¥ȥͻˣºѽ㳤԰´εȥߵĵطӡ
ĽܱŵһæǸ磬֪ˣԺҲˣҰɡ
ǺǺǣͬͬѧ㿪ЦأŵáҶһЦ˵ţһĽܼĴţÿһ£Ľͷһͷ亹Ҳˢˢֱðɲ֪ҶǲڿЦ
ţҶҲûٴһƳһۣȻͻصԼλϡ
ϰѧϰиǰ࣬˼ùͬѧͷ֮⣬ѧ̸Ц
ҶʱʱֵĿ߿лȴûԴˣҶҲû̫⡣
ϰʼãӰͻȻڽſڡ
һɫԲTȻǳɫţп㣬忴ȥˬˡ
˲䰲һ˫˫Ŀϡ
û߽ңվſڣЦӯӯʵλͬѧʦ㶫
ˢ
Լͬľ֡
ǿľҶȻվ˵ʦ㿴һݲģǻģּ޵ǽȥɡ


38 ̶
Ҷôһ˵ıȽϿվ׷˵ʦұ׳
Ҷһɨһۣһһӣ·Ѿᶫ㳤ô죬·ϲǸʦ𣿻㣬üۣûġ
Ҳôϸİɡ
ЦЦ˵ллôҶͬѧҪ鷳ˡ
˸ۺ첻ѣҶͦţĵʦģһܶԹʳͼǿֲиŬʧġ
Աߵķǳû뷨ˡ
ţҶһ˫˫ĽԹ޵Ŀע£߳˽ҡ
ʦҪЩʲôأ·ϣҶʵ
칫ЩҪȥᣬܻеأҶͬѧҪˡش
ʦҿͰҵϹһʹˣԺʲô鷳ң˱Ƚȫܣϴͨһһ˧ҪʦûѵĻԺȥֿԴң֤ʮ㡣ҶûûԿ
ﱻһЦ˵ҪҴϽ֣˼ҿ϶Ϊҵܵء
ҶæôأʦƯϿʱһΪǰͬѧأ˵㳤ôƯҳô˧ڽϣ˼ҿ϶˵зġ
˵ôᡣϷţȴǲɵúŮһ㶼ϲĻرǵ˵ʱرˡ
˾ûͷûԵţܿ͵İ칫ҡ
ѧУİ칫ҷֺܶ൵ΣЩںʸϵĸӵŶİ칫ңһʦǼ˹һ칫ҡ
İ칫ҲǺֻܴŰ칫Ȼ˹õġ
ҶͬѧȵȻҰ¡˵žߵһŰ칫ǰ
ҶһŰ칫ɨһۣʵʦŰ칫ĸʦأʵţҪԼܺĴŮÿһңν
Ƿεġش
ΣҶһ㶣۾һ׷ʵѲǷ£
ǰˣҶͬѧͰҰЩɡǺһ飬Ҷ˵
ŶҶӦһߵǰ
ߵǰһױ
ʦҲҪ𣿡Ҷɻʵ
ǰ˫ûˣЩӿҪġǿԼĺһ㣬ؿǼֻɫ㡣
ǺǣǰҲ㣬ʵЩһͦ鷳ģÿܵûһˮΪҾǣԺֻÿܻһˡҶ˵
Цû֦չЦͬЩĽʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ôССǲſ
ҲءЩ㣬ȻĬƬ̺һˣ߰ɡ
ţҶ飬ſȥ
ߵſڵʱҶֻͷµİ칫ƳۣѵʦͺӿɲʲôöɵСĵ㡣Ҷ쿴ͷ°һ˵İ칫²ʲôɺϡ
ȻҶ컰䣬´˽ȻҶոǷǱˣֻҶʵո˵ʲôأ
ҶЦݣ˵ϣʦôɣҺʦڿأᣬҵҵʦɲˡ
ΪûԺСĵ㣡侯Ȼջ𣬲ڳҲûݵľٶ
ǣԺһûڵʱٿġҶЦشӦ
Ҳû˵ʲôֱԼ칫ȥ
߳칫¥ЩĵѵҶͬѧƢôãԺǲҪΪ
ʦĺˣͺҶ֣ϿεʱҺݺһѡҶ˵ѵʦҿҪСĵǣᰲһ˰칫ңжè塣
һЦ˵ҶͬѧˣѧУʲôء
ⷬĻҶӷŲˣʦ֪ѧУΣյĵط㳤ôƯҪǲۣҶ㵣ء
֪ʦԺһСĵģ˰ɣСһ㣬аЦݡ
һ·ģܿǰ
еףһڰԿףһ˵ҶͬѧſھͿˡ
ʦæﵽףһǰȥɡҶϽ˵ȻſˣȻýȥû׼ûܷر¡
Ȼȴлˣſھˡ˵ţֵˣǱǰͼݽģϾҪˣܲ鷳ʦһ¡
ȻЩźҶ컹ȻӦȻˡ
˵㽫ŵǰϣȻһ˵ʦҾˡ
õģ˾ʦ黹Ŷֶ
֪ˡҶڴӦ
뿪¥Ҷ㾶ֱͼܱȥ
ѧӵʡģ󣬲ḻͼݣݷݷѧ˵һ󱦲ء
ѧĿγ̲иһһǰпΰûεģԾϿʱѧУﻹǻѧȻͼҲһ
Ϊʱ磬ͼֻǼˣҴ඼ڷܿ̿Ů
黹̨ԭҶǴֱ˵ģת֮ʱȴƳһſǰһλò崿Ů
Ůһ³ȹһͷںڱֱĳٲһĴڱϣȻľȴԹҶȤ
Ƭ̣ҶһתŲߵǰһ飬ͳŮ˹ȥ
ŮǰҶʵѧãҿ𣿡
Ů̧ͷҶ쿴ɲ֮Ҷһû˴ӣȻ˵òҪѾͷѷһ㣬չֳ崿ȴԶʤҶκŮˣܸһ·һȾ⾳У޷԰Ρ
˵˿˾ԡ˿˾Ҫȥǻ
Ҳ֪ĳѧԺԺУǿ֡
Ҷ죬Ů΢΢¶һɱʮЦݣ崿ɾ˵Ȼˡ
ЦݣҶоԼҪϢˣֳȥŮݺһڵĳ嶯ȻⲢ˵ҶҪͣΪԷ̫ϲˡ
һĭҶ콫ϣȻŮ
ҽҶҽѧԺģ֪ѧγƺҶľѹסĵ궯ֳһʿģ
ҽ̣ѧԺġŮòػش
̣Ʈ죬Цһ㣬˳Խ˴ɼ


39 
ҿԽ̶𣿡Ҷ̽ԵʵϾ˫ոʶһŮɲǵĳƺ
ȴǺˬĴӦ԰ͬѧǶôƺҵġ
ҶЦʵ̶ѧóƯӦѧԺԺɣ
һЦ˵ѧԺŮɶǺƯŶ
ҿɲŻб̶ѧûƯŮҶⷬû˿⡣
̵΢΢һ죬صͷǺߵСŮһ۰
Ҷɨһۣʵ̶ѧÿǲֲ𣿡
̵˵ͷ˵ǰ쿴˹֮ͼͦидģصƪƷһ
ʵ֮ĻҲͦϲģ紺˿ͺһҶиж
أ֮˶ѧʫ鷨вžվ֮ƣóﻭĻжص񡣶ͼһ׿ԽĴģͨλþ磬дò̬װдʫ˵İĽ֮ĸжԸ̻ʮͻдڡӵ⡯񺬺ȥʫʧ׷飬ݺıɫʣǿ֮ܰһƪĵʫƪԻ滭ַ֣νǰֽС˵ĳɵӾģͣǸˮƽƷܵСҺϲģҲϲֳ˵
û뵽̶ѧڹŻоϾ˸ߵ衣Ҷ̾
ԴһӯӯЦǵȻˣΪרҵء
ԭˡҶ˵ͷһ˵ϲ˶Ƚϰһǡǵõ֤ʵ
㿴ʲôأ˵ֺҶǰ鿴
ҿǡţ밮Ҷ˲Ļ֪ԼõⱾ飬Ȼ˵׵Ŀ¿ܴˣղźòɵûһˡ
ΣæĿǵ׵ķƿߵصԴ
Ǹ̶ѧᣬΪʦдһƪ밮ģҲŹϡҲ֪ʵǸĻ⣬ַǳԺͰǹ;оЩϣҲûֵݣԿΪ֤ԼףҶⷭһҳչʾ
ȻһȴøˣһҳŮṹʾͼҶֲŵٷ˼ҳȻЩĿͼƬ
ҿӲô˥ɡʱҶ޶ûˡ
ˣ÷ˣңˡ̼æֹѾøƻƵġ
Ҷһߵĺ飬Ц͵̶ѧãҺôˡ
ݸһЦ˵ţûϵȻҲϲ㲻ִ׵ˡ
ɲ̶ѧã֪ʵ˴СͱȽ򣬳ô󶼻ûŮӵ֣ƽʱŮӶǻẦߵģ쿴̶ѧã崿ģҾʮУҲŹ˵Ҷ˾˵
һЦգƯĴ۾ؽҷѧҿ˵ɲŶ
̶ѧã̫лˣǵһôҵˣⷬһʱ꣬ήҵܵ˺ܴĹ裬ӽڿˡҶһм˵
ѧȤ̾ǸƵģЦúܿġ
ǴģҶͻȻҪǻĳ嶯ȻֺǻǽռΪУĬĬػܵκ˺
Ϊβ뽫ռΪУⲢ˵ҶûȤǲ˺ΪҶ֪ԼĻˣ䲻аŮҪһһӣһһⰮĺˡ
ûҶȥûʶԷ룬ҲûаԼ£Ҷ쿴ԺټǶñ
ȴ˺ܶ£ҽרҵԭȵϴĽܾȻҶϴ󣬶ＸȽŵѧҲԹԶҶ캰硣
ĽˣҶ˽ĲǺܶ࣬ͬѧе˲ٵĺû
˻ˣС⣬浹Ҳ޿ɺǣＸ˵Ϊ˱Ƚϴ󷽣һͦģ㣬ҶҲʶˡ
죬һȥٴҽѧ࣬һλŮףȻԷһǽǵɸһ٣ĽܾʹŰϼȽܴȥ𣬽ʱһס
ⳡսӮ¶ۣĹϵȴǳֽˡ
죬Ҷ춼ûȥķѾͷӦǱһˡȲûжԼ飬ԼѧУһڶûȥһΣĸ߰ԣ϶ܲġҶ²⣬Ӧûѯĸ֮Ϊ
壬ҶһѧУȻôĿĿɲΪѧϰΪ˺ӢʦȥᲹϰ֮¡
ʵϰӢҲֻҶһڰˣҪĿĻʦһ¸顣
ΪҪôҲҶļı֮һ룬ʱӦûո𴲣ֻû𴲣ŵʱ϶˯¡Ļ˵ͿԽ°ˣҲòŵȵˡ
Ҷᳵ·ǰ
ŹţҶѣȻá
ûãûҶԾͺȻûлӦ
Ѳʦôȥ칫ˣҶ˵ͬʱְţ칫ҿǸõطô磬ͺӿ϶ûܹʦڰ칫飬ǵҲͦġ
뵽ҶЦæͷ뿪ᣬ칫¥ȥ
峿İ칫¥Եø壬¥ϹӰߵİ칫Ҳţվ͸Ƭĵһĵ׷㤡
Ҷܿҵİ칫ңɰ칫ҵȴǽš
ѵʦڰ칫ңҶţţͻȻ
ʦ㲻ҪȻңҿҪˡϸһƺһЩš
ǷµаЦˣǣʦ֮⣬˭ô칫أ㺰ɤҲġ

ĺһƹƹҵײ
ҶҲ²³æ̧ţݺݳŴȥ
磡
ֱӱ߷ɣƵײĴ¥Եø
칫ڰ칫ϣʱһſڿ
ͺſʦҶָŷºȵ
ȷ·ӦѾƿﾪŵҶȥֻֽǰ죬ҲỨǸܾίģɰҶ쿴۲ѡ


40 
ܿ㵽Ҷ󣬶ʱҲѾعһ죬ƤҶѧ̫ˣ칫ҲţȻ𻵹
Ҷһ˿ɱ⣬ȴǵ˻Ц⣺ԭǷʦҵֻء
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νб˲ռǺúҶԥ֣յƨһѡ

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ҪҪȥҸݣأҶձЦ
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ĽܵΪǹģȫݡһվɵǿ߽ʱʱЩơ
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ЩȫҶ˹ȥĽܵȻû״ҲȫҶ


41 
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ĽܵȫЦ
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ȺҲЦ
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42 ޻
ǰʫýӵ˹˾¼֪ͨԭһֵÿĵ£ǵ˹˾ȴʧΪְλܾǹ˾ŵȴǻԱ
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ʲôˣҷ֡޻ҲͷϣȻôװݡ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣǹ˾Һ԰Ҷѵ
޻ע⵽ԼѾɴ˹˾ΧѾΧһȦӿֵԱ¥ϵĻҲſˣͺǶϹۿǶһ֡
޻æɿɨѣȻѣͷҶ쿴ȥҶ㣬һåӣΪԼ޻۱ݵӦòǹ˾˰ɣѵҰѾͷİף
ѪˣѾӵָ޻ºȵ
ʱëƽѶ


44 Ѿ
һëƽ޻۱װģĨᣬ״ңȻˡ
Ƿëƽһʱŭֳ·ԼţΪȻѴ̣ټ֮ǰʫõľܾѾܲˬ˾һ㣬첽ߵʫǰ־ҪʫôȥָվͱҶץסˡ
СӣʲôˣëƽҶʵ
ҶӦ޻۵ǻܵѾͷİס
ŲǣֻǸպˡɱ
ߣôɵһ˾Ȼڹ˾Ϊǳվ޻Ц
Ҷݺ˦ëƽ֣޻ʵǵİأ
㿴Լˡ޻ëƽ˵
ιҶɱϹ˵ɼԼŬҪ壬ҶȴԽԽڣܲż
ҶɿȥЦҲˣʲôõĵء
⡭ҲܱŮˡɲĵ
ҶЦЦȰ˵ɽ㣬ǿĻ֪ʶӣûɧһʶأ˵԰ɣ
˭ɧأ޻üͷŭȵ
Ҷ콫³ۣڳľһ˳ɧƣҲ˭أ⸱ԣñȼҪרҵɧ־ͿҪдˣݵʱ򣬸ﲻЩҽϿ̸ɧأ
㣬˵˵޻ȻԼݵʵ
һԵëƽҲСӣɲҰĵطҪٲȥҿҪбˡ
ӣ㾡ܽоˣǽгǹҲ¡Ҷ쵹ˣå
ëƽǺܷʣֻеơƶǣ΢ЩְˣڱҶгӣȻˬһλŮͬ·ԸСȥѱ
ǣλŮͬȻǺԸҲֻεشӦһ뿪Ⱥ
ʫúżȴҲľôȥǷ׷Ҷ쿴ȥȴҶ쾹һµӡ
˵⹫˾ԼģûϵСξ֮УҶЦشëƽЦ˵ӣķ˥ѿǲҲûˣ˵ǻķͣŹ񹤰һ˵θڣȻòûдﵽ޿ɾҩĵزƼëүүķͣӦûʺġ
Χ۵Ⱥ﷢͵Ц˵ʵëƽû治һĴ졣
ұ죡ҪٸҳԲѷɾͱҲˡëƽҧгݵغȵ
Ҷ첻ΪȻһû˵أʵ㳤ûͦһλʷ˵ģȥͼҵʷαһᣬһҳͷǸԳһɾǲġ
ʫ͵ЦɸǿŵЦһЦŻһָëƽ˵˵ʱս˾ʱôô죬ԭʷϱԳ˵Фģء㲻ˣɵҲûʲôù˼ɵġ
ɲһҲ̫ĸˣֱǸʯҶֽųЦ
һһɰëƽûðɡ
Ҵ򣡡ëƽ޿̣Ҳ˲ԼݣȭͷҶԴȥ
ߣëƽҶ࣬ëƽҪӷһЩϸʤһ
ԷͻȻ֣ʫúɵĶᵽɤۣȻΪҶ콫Ҫȭͷˡ
ǣˣֻҶ赭дؾ֣ǸϲӬһ㣬ŶԷȭͷһġ
ͷѾëƽǰӦȥؽھȻѾˡ
ëƽ﷢ҽУ˵ĸ첲
ѽȣҿû첲ò502ˮճİɣҶһ޹˵ΧҲһƣ˰Լ첲Ѿʻ湻ġ
ţҶЦ˵µģǻ٢תȵʱˣپˣҽҶҽҲҽˣҽΪѹͷ
Ҷ˵űëëŵëƽֻ´ǰۣҶôһëƽһʹ
ҶЦһѵҽҪˣҪŵ㣬Ȼɹʲߣаٷ֮һϣܹġ
˶ľëƽɫǱò԰ֽ
ûëƽܾĻᣬҶסϱۣץһۿ첲ҪֱˣҶȴɿˣëƽһҽУ첲Ҳٴδȥ
òûϵ͵ˣȣţһΡ
ûëƽҶٴץסøղһַ͵һ
죬ëƽɱĲҽУĸ첲Ȼֹһ࣬˿Ŷʹ
УͷˣģѾţаٷ֮ĳɹʡҶװһģ˵һ
ֱˡ
ȰĹʺʵ̫ˣٷ֮ĸҲܱײϣȥϲˡҶ˷ܵëƽҡҡëƽﰧͣҲʹˣͷϸ亹ֱð
첲ǽӺˣʵȴҶϰѾʵĲԺëƽֻҪһ첲ͻѾʡ
ʵҪëƽղִʫãҶҲ´˶֣ëƽոһƴʫϣСɾˡ
ҶʫúŮȥ˵λ㣬ȻҲ֪飬һ޹ģԼһͲʲôöǷģһֻعġ
ֻعǺǣʲôǸͷ죬ȱҿ㻹ʲôš޻Ц˵˵ɿȥɣ粻ƣΪӣӰ˹˾ѾµĽһҲá
޻ⷬɫһ䣬֪нռ˾󲿷֣¾ͿˣҪûнĻֻøǧٿǮĻʣôҲ൱ڰ׸ˡ
ɼﲢԣҲΪ˼ĸԲŻ˶ʿѡ˵һµĹѾǺܴһĿ
Ȼɺܲģ鷢չֵزҲ޿κΣֻϵùˡ
ɣ㡣ʫǸ˵֪һжԼģǵԼ⹫˾ĻҲͲẦɼ˹Ǯ
ǿЦ˵ʫãӦǸǣҪҽ˾ҲͲôίˡ
˻࿴ŶԷһЦۿҲʪˣôڰûǮûƾ͵ÿɫ
ʱȺ˱ӳǴɤϽɢʲôÿģûؼҵĻؼңøɻĸɻ
ʱѾ°ʱ䣬Χ۵ԱȻҲ͸ˡ
ӳʮλ֣ܿɱһѪ·˽


45 
ϣëû°ɣëƽ첲׵þ͸ͷƵģӳһػοʵ
½ӳ㣬ã쵰СӺúýѵһ٣Ȼ䣬ȥëƽָҶ죬ﴭŴ߷˵
Է˶ڣʫͼˣҶȰҶϽ߰ɡ
˵ҪֻعǶأҶص
Ҷ㶷ǵģͱˣ߰ɡʫҶ죬Ȱ
ߣӿˣҺݺݽѵӳһʮҶȥ
ûȺ˳嵽ǰҶֺֹţ
Сӣ㻹ʲô𣿡ӳʵ
Ҷݲȵؿűӳ˵½ӳǰɣ˵ˣʶǹ˾ܲãҲΪǣϣΪ֮֮û˵ΰԼΪϲϵ飬ἰΰҲֻöԷ֪ѶˣϾɲ֡
ҶĻӳЩˣ޻ȴЦ˵ƤҲ̫˰ɣţݸ壬⸱ҪʶܲãǰţҶˣɱǸɵӡ
Χ۵ȺҲȻǶҶЩЩ޳ܣЩڹ˾ԱҲ˵Լʶܲá
Ҷ죬ͲЩ˵ֵҶſڿӣΪͬȻҲЩ
Ҷûɣ޻˵㣬°ţҲûã£Ҷǹܶˡ
ȻʶܲãǾ״ȥֽͷ죬ܼ֮ܲǸ⡣޻˫ֱأԴ˵
ɾʱȺΰĺȳ°಻ȥΧڴ
ӵµȺԾá
޻۾һҶЦܲˣ￴ôճ
ˣʫãǸϽ߰ɡӣ֮ǰԼȳִ޻ۣѾЩҶôǰԼ׵ݣھƺҲϴˣΰĵݣ׷ǿɾͲǿ۽ôˡ
ʫȻҲֽҶ죬СȰ˵ҶǸϽ߰ɡ
ߣŶûУ½ӳǣɱǳûˡ޻򱣰ӳԸ
ǣӳӦ
ʱΧ۵ȺѾÿһͨΰͷ˽ΪһĴ˾ܲãΰɢ쵼ʮģЩԱǣҲҴһڡ
ΰģɵĿᵽɤۣ˫ֽץʫõӣҲЩƽʱͦģִʱɾ͵ˡ
ʫõĵԭûôڿӣɾ͸ˣҲֻܾҶ챳㡣
νΪǿһΰ޻װһίӣӭȥߵܣԱ棬ǣǷǵ֪ڸģȻ˾£ëִǸӡ
ΰԼëƽⱧŸ첲ʹװһҪӡ
Էô˵ʫúɶǼÿˣ˵⣬Ǿ˵ûˡ
޻Ц⣬Χ۵ͬҲΪҶҪ군ˣƫƫʱǻ۵
˾ˣ
Ϊ֮ǰ޻۵ţʱŷȺҶ죬лһȻЦҶ˹ȥ
̼䣬ǾĿ׷Ƽϣ޷ŵǣﾹȻǳҶȥ
СŮ˾˱ҶӭŻСѾͷ
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޻ۺëƽɫȻò԰ףʫúȴĲ˼飬ƺûӾ֮лع
һļž
˭ֻϵ㣬˵ɵˣȻΰĵݡ
޻ۺëƽƺѾµԼĺɫţҲЩ㤣ر޻ۣողǰڳЦҶǸͷ죬һתۣȻ˹ӣⲻò޻޵ݡ
λӳ˲ͷ亹ΰļʱ֣ҪȻԼɾ͵÷´ˡ
ʫúѾػ
ʫúϵԼ֣ľȻһλƷүʱҶ˵ġˮ֮ӿȪ౨֪Լþˡ
ɣľؿҶıӰϼԸӡ
Ҷ콫ﱧЦʵСŮôûû˾أ
룡ͷشЦݣСɷǺÿ
ھ˾һסҶ˵͡
С죬ҡͷУ˵Ҫ˾˾ͣġ
Ļǵһ͵Ц
ǰɣ㾹ȻôҶпЦֻεǾھ˾һװɡ
ţӦһȻҶϣ࣡һ£һڡ
ԣҶһ㡣
죬ﵽǷʲôأΰǰʵ
򣬾ҲǺӵģλޱѷСλëһȣϻ۸λѣҿΪڣû뵽λëбȻִңҳǰ˹عëΪûݹعԵʣȭʱ⵽˹ع䣬첲ĪѾˣȻҴ󷢴ȱӺ˸첲֪壬ȻЩҪң㼰ʱ֣ҪȻҿɵҽԺˡҶͼӴףɫؽ
ΰЦǺǣ찡ҪǽҲʱҽԺĲ㣬ǰɡ
ҿһǿ׳ΪָءҶ쿪Ц˵
ΰεЦҡҡͷҶŮȥʵλСܸܲϸ˵˵ôԱڳΰȻҶһ֮ʣ޻ۺëƽ̡
ŮЩţҶЦŰλ㣬ʲôί˵ҽһṫ¹죬Ϊֻعġ
Ҷôһ˵ﻹʲôµģͦǰһָëƽ˵ëְȨ캦֮£ʫõòʫСʫòӦȻͰʫ÷ײλϣڹϽб޵ĻŮˣɫȡëƽְᣬּʫõòְȨ۸ʫãҪְ
޻ۺëƽΪˣ֪ģڳܶ˶˲ˬôһ˵Ⱥ˸˵ìͷһָˡ


46 
ëλС˵ĿɶʵΰĳʵëƽĿ˷ŭԱԼƤְоΪ˾ܣܲŭ
ëƽ˫һ̱ڵأ˫
ô˵λС˵Ķʵˣ˵Ļ¸ϰˣϳȥΰ
ǣӳΡΡشӦһµַԸһȻͷߵëƽǰֺݺǺ׵ĸ첲ϣӲİӵϸһԼˮӳﻹ
ëƽһ·ҽűϳ˴޻Ǳʵı͡
޻ۺëƽϳȥҶЦĶΰ˵λ㹫˾ôֻ棬ǿǴһɲܿǡ
ΰȻҶ˼ЦЦ˵ǰȷͲС˵תͷΧɨһۣĿһλòŮϣ˵飬һλСļ͵Ұ칫ҡ
ǣڴӦ
ΰŮȥ˵λΪ˵Աҹ˾ܵ˴ίΰҲѴ̣ºһúòλҲһλʵΪ·λ
ллܡּؾϹлΰĴܹվ˵ΪŹҲ£ȻҲ֪һжҶĹ͡
ȻΰתڳԱ˵˾ͺñһͥ﷢飬ҳĸоʮֲԺڹܵƵĲֻ߶ԼĸλŲ⣬㱨˾ʵӦͬʱҲϣλ쵼Ϊ䣬֣ΰľġ
ΰⷬĽȫһƬ
ʱԴһװȺ˽
˵ôô֣ԭƴڷݽЦǺǵ˵
ΪԺΰĽʱߣڳԱ󲿷ֶϵλֳ
ǺǣʲôݽϵܼЦˡΰЦҡҡͷ˵
߽ȺԲſҶ죬æ첽ǰȥкҶǰû뵽Ҳڡ
ԶҶĳƺ˷׷׵۾λй־ֳȻƺʮСΪǰܲ˾
ȺϸҶݱʱ˷롣
ʫúɣ˵Ҷΰݹϵǵ⣬ǰλֳƺҶΪǰʵǷ˼
ԿԼƺرΰ˵ԷԸָԼ󣬱˵ǳƺǰԾǽʦҲĸԸ
ܹô˵ݣǫҶ̾ѡ
ֳƺͿˡҶЦ˵
ҶǰôƺôƺؿɲˡԹִ˵
죬ֲģȥɡΰ֪ԵԸЦҶȰ
ҶεЦЦȺһƬĽݵô򽻵ʵ̫ˣлвмɫŮԱ˵׷ͷǵʶʫõĴʱͷʹˡ
ţΰΧ۵Ա˵ˣؼҰɣףиĩ
Ⱥܿɢˡ
ȻλСѣҪһҼҳԷأΰŮʵ
֮ǰѾŮЩܳΰȥҳԷŮûӦϾǺҶ컹Ǻ졣
ŮƴǣΰҲٶ˵
ҶŮ˸룬Ȼΰġ뿪˹˾
ҶһߺɵѹѾõĿϲڵ㷢ʫõ֣˵ʫãûУո˵Ҫ°Źëƽ޻ñû׼λþǵˣǵĺҪˡ
ɣС㣬Ӱ첻áʫЦɣѵ
æסͣȻΧ˳򣬼ûעС˵ʫãû뵽Ҷı񣬲ܵݣȻֳҲǰ
ʫõͷ˵أǶˣԺҪҸúøлǡ
ʫãȻܹٴ˵עԵݣʧʧŶɹЦѵ
ʫõȻ֪ɵ˼΢΢һ죬ɣôˡ
ʫã㾹ȻˣҲһⷽ뷨ˣû˵ɡЦ
ôһ˵ʫõˣûأ˵˼ҿǮˣôܻῴء
νӢѹ˹أǮҲϲƯŮˣһƯֻҪ΢һ㣬ϲ𣿡ɹ
ੲݣʫæˣʱˣϽȥɣˣϵľ۲Ϳɱˡ
ͣһƵʫãǻǱȥˣûŮˣڰ༶ȺҫԼϹǮҿǾ۲ͣΪҫ
ʫȰϾҲĴѧѣ˼ǣҪǲȥĻ˸顣
ðɺðɣһԸĴӦ۾һʫãҪҶȥĻŮҲûʲôôˡ
ҶĻй˵Һֲֹϵ˼ȥءʫ˵
ƲƲɣҪҲȥˣö
Ҷ֪ˣȻôȥˡʫȰ
˲ˣ붼ͷ󣬻˵ɡЩץ˵
˵䣬ŮѾ߳˹˾Źվȥ
Ҷ˴󱼣ΰĵլԺȥ
ҶͷԵΰЦ˵˵޸ɲǳոλͦģҶĽ
ΰȴǿɥش찡ˣôãǶⰲߵߣ˵ǵڹ˾࿴ŮԱһҲΣա
Ҷһٸͬ飬룬ÿ߸ôһƯӣȴֻܿݣֱ໹Ҫ̣Ϊ˽ӿຣнȳҶ˼룬ԼҪҰǸˣ㲻ͿԽˡ
ΰҡҡͷ㻹ʡʡİɣǶѾз֮ˣҪȻĻĵذߡ
ΰôһ˵ҶʱЩʧ˵ֻҪͷӵĺãǽڲ
˰ɣ㻹ǹܺԼ°ɣˣղλѳÿɲȶҿСһǿ˼ƯԲŰģ԰ɣΰЦʵ


47 
ҶٺһЦ˵ʵҲˣҸʱΪ޷ģԾȥһٰͣҸǮҰҲǱɡûϴεôƯñ۸ҶԹۡ
ô˵˵ͦԵݵˡΰЦ
Ҳǰɣ򣬼Ȼ㹫˾ϰ࣬ɵðչŵ㡣Ҷе
ΰڴӦĺˣȻ׼Ůѣһɡ
ҶЦЦ˵ô˵Ҳͷˡ
ֻûŮ˵£ȴǿһԲһϽѵİת
СѾͷר־Űűޡ
ãʻΰļҵĴլԺ
˸սţЦӭΪ׼ЬչﴩЬӡ
ڼ䣬Ҷע⵽㼸ͶĿ⣬죬ʲôҪ˵ӡ
ﴩЬӺΰʵү˶Ѿ׼ˣھͶ𣿡
ţΰĵ˵ͷȻֶҶ˵ǻǱ߳Աİɡ
˵˵ͷȻһ߽˴
ɩӽ첻𣿡ûӰʵ
ȥˣǻزˡΰĻش
Ҳǵģиô׬ǮϹʲôҪڼ帣ˡҶЩƵ˵
ΰҡҡͷ˵ǸвõˣҪڼﵱĸԸֵȥ
˵ڲǰ㽫һڵĲȶ
粻ڣҪҪȵأΰʵΪԾƾΰڼҺٺȾƣߺ֮ܶ˶Ϊƻ˾֮ǲġ
Ҷ쿴ȥȻԱ⣬Ҷ룬˵ҲУٺȵƶаġ
ҶĻЩʵҶǰȾƻ𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷ͵νһƾľȻҪǾƺȶˣǾͶӰˡ
ҶλֵۣȻŲɵģһ˵ԭˣԺ֮ǰȺȵƣǴ档
ҶЦЦ˵ʵʮ΢ģûҪ̫⡣
Ȼˣȥþȥһλ͵82һֱûȣ۸Ͱˡΰˬʵ˵Ȼ¥ȥ
ΰĸߣ˵Ҷǰȥϴּ䡣
Ҷ˵ͷԱҲ뿪λ
ߺöһ̲
ҶϴǸг̱Ůɱ֣ûʵã⼸мṈ̀𣿡
Щʧҡҡͷ˵Դϴ֮󣬳̱Ҳûҹң¶ԺķԺҲ˵̱û
ѵ뿪ˣҶ²ٻϴζƬ̺󣬳̱ͻȻĳҶԽ϶뷨ֻ׵ʱ̱Ϊλֵ˾ʧ롣
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ǰɣְôСôһ޸㵱ҶЩơ
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ҶĨ˰ѺҲ̫˰ɡ
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Ҫ֪ԼʦÿյʱʦصصҵңѧңңNͳ硣ǵһʦյʱ򣬵СȮһ˵оϷܸ磬ʦͽ׼ؽ磬յƨƨߵȥԼյʱϳո׹ͳ°ţʦһСԼ
ҶĻΰЦЦ˵ôСĺӾӦƽ˵ҪȻǧСƢԺɾ͸Ӳùܽˡ
Ӧǽ˼ɣҶЦʵ
ΰһ߿žƿӣһ˵㵹ͦ˽
ֻ˽Ů˰ˡҶ٩٩
ѧŮѧɵˡΰͬ˵
Ҷ첻ҵʲôˣҶУУѧٵˣΣʦǿҶأĻ˵ôӡ
ΰƳƳۣ˵˰ɣ㻹ѧ˵ĳڡ
ٺ٣ҿǰѧʱӦҲʲôûɣҶЦʵ
ǰڴѧҵ֪ǿ൱ߵģ׷ҵŮǴӽŵУſҲŲ꣬ÿﶼ顣ֵһǣѧУУҲݵˡΰ˵˵ţ˲ַԸȥֻƱ
ǺأôַˣҶ׷ʵ
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ҶЩ˵ԭͽͬѧУģ˵䲻ģ㵱׷ҽ㻹Ǹѡ񡣡
˭˵׷ˣ׷ҵġΰı
ҶȻţ˵𣿸ʽȥ
Ҷôһ˵ΰĿڵʵϸ룬׷ġ
ҶЦɲԸŮˣһ׷Ҳδػôܻȥ׷ء
Ǻǣ⵹Ǳ˵ˣʱ׷˵ǲֻͻӱΰĻԼ
ʱԻصλϣҲýƱ
ΰĴ򿪾ƿҶԵϣԼϣ¾ƿ󣬾Ʊ˵һ
ҲӾΰĵı󣬸ԺһСڡ
˳ƽ⣬治ǾƷԷ¾Ʊ̾
ΰĵͷ˵ǰƵĸϸΪ򣬲ִͬׯͼ䵱Ըǿ
ҶƽʱȻôȾƣҪȵĻһ㶼Щ缶Ķƣ82ƣҲȹΣζƺǰв졣ҶƱϸ˿ŷűǰţһСڣûмŽȥþڿзתţͷζʹܶÿһζٶõ飬ƬϸƷ֮Ž£Ȼֽƿ˿ΰʵƿƵģӦǷɣ
ҶôһʣΰЩɻʵǰʲô𣿡
Ҷ콫ľŵΰǰ˵Ȼ䶳ٶȿ졢˪¶ȾԺãźƣʱһᵼ¾ѣͻӰ쵽Ƶķζ
ΰľһȻҶ˵ľϴ΢Ѽ󣬷ľЦž޵찡˵ѧʦҽֵҲˣû뵽㾹ȻԾҲôо֪㻹ڲЩû͸¶أ


48 
Ǻǣ̧ˣʵҶԾҲԶһҶǫԵ͵ţƵҫԽǵ͵˾ԽܸһָĪĸо
ţ˱߳Աģһƿƺܿ͸ˡ
ԹΰķԸط˯ԼҶ죬ڿɳ
£ΰľͶҶ˵죬ϴҺ˵ЩؼǰѾùˣҪȥ㿴
Ҷ˵ͷΰı¥Ƭ֮һ鼮˻
Щ鼮Ƚϳ¾ɣȻЩͷˡ
ڲ輸ϣΰɳ£Ҷ˵ˣһЩȱľûˡ
Ҷ쿴˿輸飬˵ҲжʮҪǶһҳһҳϸĻһҲδܿꡣ
ҲòϸȥƷֻҪЩķִһ飬Ϳˡ
ǣһ·ҳȻ󶪵һԣһһܿͱֳ
ҶָǽϺһ˵Щȥˡ
Ҷ˵ɣΰĺȴʹļףΪĹǱҶΪĲС
Դˣ˼źҵԼٶȻϣźԼȻһʮʮ꣬ǲпΪûЩǰꡣ
죬ʣ⼸ʺ𣿡ʣµ屾ΰЩǵʵ
ĻһҪǵľһ飬˭Ҷʵ
ϵɡΰ˵
ƴ绹ɡԳõ
ãҶЩҲһʱ£˭һֳɡ
ȻҶ춼ô˵ˣȻû˵ʲô
ҶҲվʵҶǰҪʲô𣿡
žͿˡҶش
ԴӦһɳϡ
Ҷ˫֣شԵ˫ϣȻ۾һע壬˳ڵļоһִĻصҶڡ
ͬеСġ˼壬һ̺ڵһΪﵽؾڣ֮ǾͲܳΪˣӦƺ
ջֺҶ˵ΰȥͬķʽΰĵľһ
ҶǰΣҶصλϣʵ
Ҷ屾ֱ𶪵ΰĺǰ˵׹йʺǵġ
˶ȲǰĹܿ춼¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
Ҷƺǲ³˵뷨˵ЩʵǵȷʵƯûлƯҲֻͽˣ˵ǻȭȡƼǵ׹ֻǰģȴѡ˵ֻΪǿ壬Ϊ˴ɱɱǾȫûҪʲôҵھʹû
ʵҲҶ˵ԯҽʵɣΪķû׵еֻβõ뾭Ȼĳ˵뾭Ҳһ
ҶⷬΰĺԶʱȻ򣬻ȷʵҫǻͺñһڵʱûʱҫҲֻơ
һϯʤʮ飬죬Ҫ㣬ⱲӶ޷߳ˡΰĸп
ǰҶǰܹ㣬ʵĻԵҵ˵ţɫ˵ҶǰһҪ̡
ֳʲôֱʱˡҶ
ʵǣ֪ҶǰǷƿ
ƿֳָǾʱϰ𣿡Ҷɻʵ
ˣҶǰʵǰΪʹﵽ˻ƾԲ磬ɵһֱûͻؿڡԾ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵û£ҪͻƾȷʵЩѡ
֪ҶǰָǣڴؿҶ죬ѾԼͻƵϣȫҶϡ
Ҷĵػش֣һ︨ڶǵҩ
ҶǰǿַʽͻƵأ׷ʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ʵڻûƿȻҲ֪ԭ򣬵ʦң²ܸκ˵ҲǵλԼ˷Ÿ֮ϣλҪ˵𡣡
ЩǰҶⷬµѪΪκ֮ÿ쾳Բ֮ʱȻƿֻͻƿʱڸصӰų̲졣
ҶΪûƿԭҲֻʦҶ޷֪ʹҶ޷Ҷ޷ȴֻйأҪἰ¡
ҶǰģһὫ¶˵ġĵ˵ҶܵԼˣѾˡ
ǰ;ܷĺˣҺԶֶ֮ܶˡΰҲŵ
Ҷ˵ͷֵոַʽҲֻʦ˵ģЧҲۿʦʦôͨѨλͻƻƾ
ͽܶˣʦ϶ˣȻΰĺԶҶеʦܺ棬ǶʮԾûҶΪֵĹأС򳤱ʦ֮⣬ֲòΪ
Ҷǰа취ͻƾƿڴʵ
Ҷ룬شǰַʽЩѣַʽǿһԣֻҴûгԹܷɹǾͲö֪ˡ
ܲܳɹ¶лҶǰˡԼ˵ƾżԸһֱѰͻƵķȴһ񣬶ڿϣ⣬ܲ˷ܡ
ͻַַʽһǿͻƣڶǸͻƣֻʦǿ߲ǿͻƣҵΪҲֻܸͻơҶϸ͵
Ҷǰʲôʱͻأеʵ
ھͿԡҶڻشȻǰͲˡ
ţҶķԸڵ̺ϥ£Ҷ󣬲ֱԱϣ忴˹һ㡣
׼ķɢ۳һ㣬һվʼѨλչ
Ҷûе֮ǰԵÿһײСʯͷ˴һ㣬Ʋһ˿˻
νײ֮ԮڸԵԣҶͺñǧư硣
ļ룬ͷǵѨλ
أͷ˳ƵײǵѨλҲ͵һ
ȻûгɹͻƣǿϣԶ־ǣʹ


49 ʦ
ײѨλڱͻƣҶԵӿθոձͨľһѨλȥ
ΰľһԣһؿϯضˣԵĶͷѹ˺飬Ҷƽ糣
ʱһһţ֪ѾСʱȥ
ʱڶһѨλչѨλǰ漸Ҫ࣬һײʮβûиһνһβͣײš
ڣڲ֪ڼεײ֮£һѨλڱƣѨλһȴһƬûб߾ĺڰռ䣬Ƭռһ޵׶һ㣬ȫС
ҶƬռһȦȻ˳ԭ·أصԼڣˣǴ󹦸ˡ
ջҶһӵվ
Ҷΰæʵ죬Σ
ѾɹˡҶ΢΢Ц
ٿԣȻĿȴ˷ܵɫ
Ƭ֮۾վҶʵҶǰѵƬռν𣿡
Ҷͷϸṳ̂ı־ǵ￪֣ʱԭɢڵ֮оۼЩ״ԽԽֱ־ھĵ״۳֮ʱҲ̤ھˡ
üȣΰҲڴ
˷֮࣬ͻȻ˵ʦͽһݡ˵Ҫϥ£Ҷ켰ʱ
ԷҶ˵ֻǾ֮Ͱˣֳд˴񡣡
ȴǹִ˵ʦ˵ֻǾ֮ͣĳ˵ȴ֮·ϵʦ
ֳˣᣬĳܵʦƺءҶɲԼ˸ˡ
ȴֱ׳˵ǿΪʦΪĳôƺҲӦġ
ֳ˵ʦй涨ͽԡ
Ҷ˵ȥԴϵʦ㲻ͽҲûϵĳҲֻоΪʦԲ˳ƺ㡣
˾ݣΰıȰ죬ȻϵִˣǾȥɣҲֻǸνˡ
ΰĶô˵ˣҶҲƴǣֻδӦ
ΰԺϲϵܣϲԺɾǵصָˡ
ҡͷЦƴ˵ЦˣʦǰҳҲֻǸְˡ
ţԺΰҶ⣬ţ֪ˡ
ԹͺҶԷ׷׸ǣ֪˶ΰҲûٶԭ绰˾ǱҶлˡ
Ҷͽ뿪ΰļң·ϣҶʵʦҪѧУ𣿡
ǣȥҽԺе¡Ҷʵ˵
ãҪҽԺ·һĹȥɡ
УҶԭ׼ԼȻô˵ˣҲþֻܾڴӦ
Ժܿһ⳵Ҷ򿪺ţҶȥţԼǰŵĸϡ
ϵðȫ˾ԸȥҽԺȥй֡
ҽԺ͹ֿ෴ġ˾ѵ
˵ĿˡЩõ˵
ȻԷô˵ˣ˾Ȼûʲô㳯ҽԺȥ
ҶȻ֪ǺҪԼһ̣Բ˵˳·ģԴҲû˵ʲô
ϣҶʵֳ˫㻹Ҫؾ칫𣿡
ֳƺϵеĿĵй֣˾Ͳ³˸ϵй־ֳԣ£ͷð亹ҺúλСԼҪȻеɾˡ
Щ⳵˾Ϊ˸ʱ䣬еԱܿƣҲͨҵԭ֮һԭȻǺаԵĵƿйʽ·ˡ
ΰҵúܣﻹʲô˫հҡͷ̾˵ʦ㻹ǽֺˣֳܽŹֱŤġ
Կʦĳƺ⳵˾˫ؾذŷ̵ֲˣ⹫־ֳȻƺһСΪʦѲˣ˾󣬲ոҶ쿪ŵһĻ϶Լû˾ͨӾ͵͵ҶƳһۣа̾Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ڳƺϵ⣬Ҷ֪ԼֲԣҲûٸִڴӦ
ʦȥҽԺʲô𣿡Ժʵ
һѵĸסԺȥҶش
ѼʶҶҽȻҲ˼
ûã⳵ִҽԺ
ҽԺſͣ£˱㿴ǰ·ΧһȺˣʲô¡
ѵǰ¹ˣ˵ֶ˾°ɡ
ǮҶһͬ˳ǰǶȺȥ
ԶԶأ˱ȺﴫԻ
ԼײģôܹҡһŮҶܾмϤ
ţһӵҿǰȵģûÿȻˡ
㰴ȵʱ򣬳ӶѾײˣ£ܱܵÿŮӼ
ԼҲûбܿȻˡЦ
òţǼ⣬һеȽ˵Է˲ŮҲø硣
ǵȻɲҪˣˡ˵
˭ˣˣˣŮֲ
ʱҶѾȺ
ȺİΧȦУͣһƺıֻܳܳͷشһʮ׳ʮ۵ʻۣܳϻһггǰվһһŮȻǸոִˡ
еĿȥҲͶʮӣһװһӰŮϴҶӽɭӮģλȻĻʿСá
ˣѾͷˡȻҶԴ˵ٿǰĳȻҲ³˴ţȻȻгͶԷܳײܳλˣȻԷ⣬Ǿִȴ
ȻҶ컹޷ж˭Ӹո˵ĶԻߵɡ
Ҷ룬תͷ˵λСѣ¾ɡ
ȻףҶ˼ǽҪ֣Ҳ͵ͷӦ
ҶһǰȥЦȻкӴⲻȻ
ȻҶ죬һ˷ܵؽеҶҽô⣿
ѵˣÿڵùĸ￴Ҷ˵
Ŷ㲻˵ҶˡȻЦ˵
ǷʲôأҶ쳯ƳһۣȻʵٿȻֵĸ첲⣬˵ӣҶ˵ֿ˿Һֻе˺ͺס


50 
Ҷ쵣ԼȻ΢΢һ죬һۣί˵һ⿪ײңڻҪ⡣
Сǣ˭ײأгҵĳ֤ݾ⣬Ҳָųǵֱۣ׳˵
ҶסȻ˵ⲿһˣһ߿국Ȼ˵˵ϵܣ㳵λλãѵĳλӺײİɡ
ȰȵģԼûÿֺ˵
ڿײʱŰȡȻ
ҲܣҾǰˡһҧ
׼ˣҪˡҶ컰䣬žһİǰͺ
㣬ҴңǱ׵İȻȵ
ҿѹģԼûж㿪ɹֲҡҶ˫һ̯һ޹˵
ȻǽĿЦȺҲһƬЦ
ȻŭǵԼĲԷҲûһ֣ǶݺݵؾУҵţܵġ
껰䣬Ⱥºÿÿʲôÿġ
Χ۵Ⱥÿһֻ˽
һȺΪλֱӳȥϻЦ߱кӴ֣٣þòˣϸء˵Ѿߵǰ׵øͷƵģæĵοʵ֣٣û°ɣôײˡ
ײģǱ˵ģӳҪֻعָ֣Ҷ߷˵
֣ôһ˵ӳ۾Ҷ쿴ȥʵСôأ
Ȼӳ֣ʶģôͨ¹ȻǺƽˣΪˣҶҲûӳʲôϣмغ˺ߣƵ˵˵ӳ⽻ͨ¹ʲܣôΰˣѵǽԼ̫˲ɣ
Ҷ̬Ȱ˵ȴֳôΧ۵ȺڣӳҲûҶֻܵ۾ȵǽҲǾ죬ܷδܶŹΪܣʵʵվţҴͨ¹ʣѵ㡣
ӳģǲܵģһ뿴ôءҶƤЦ˵
ӳûҶ죬ǳȻȥȻƯӳһ㶣ܿعɿʵײ֣ٳӵɣ
ӳ˵أûô˵ײĳȻѵȻҲ֪Լٿ϶ԿҲŸӳɫ
ȺָܿҪ֪Ⱥڵ۾ѩģ˭˭һ۱ܿ
ͷԣӳҲܴæתʻ֣ʵ֣٣λС˵ײĳʲô𣿡
֣дʵ˵ȻУҵʱ׼ҽԺͻȻﳵȣûбãҲŻײġ
ӳ˵ͷֿȻʵ֣˵ˣӦʵɣ
ȻشȵʱѾҪײˣôʱôܶÿ
ҽԺſڣ복Ͷ࣬ôôأӳʵ
ˡȻ
ӳһЦʵû죬ôܻɲסأ
ԴˣȻҲֻܲ˵Ϊβѳô죿
⻹֣ٿгҪ֣ٶȿĻ㻹ܻվ˵𣿡
㣡ȻüӳţǼ⣬֣˵Ȼ֪ԼǽٶҲûκ壬ǲľ۸ҧ쵰ǹײҵģ֮ǰﳵ·ϵʱһֱңûдųûײҡ
Ҷ첢ûмų棬ΪڳҲ̫ҲֻܵŪ˾ټ¡
ιСǣ˵Ҹ㣬֤أ֣аЦʵ
⣬֤ݡȻر
û֤ݣⲻôԼƯҸأٰ֣ڳһ޹ĳָ
ȻԶԣҶǰһǳЦӳ˵˵ӳô참Ȼֳᡣ
ӳòˬָҶȵСӣû£һߴȥ
ôûҵˣѱݣѵ˵ȨûѵֻЩ̰͹ٶ˵Ȩ𣿡ҶȻʵһԿţĻôϻͳǰһһƣ˦˵
Χ۵ȺҲȻȻǶӳǲ
ЩңӳҲ°ִߺһ˵Ȼô˵Ǿ;˵ɣҵҪ˵ʲô
ҶһЦΧһȦ˵ֳĿõģг״̬ʱӦҽԺţתǶҽԺŶȥȻʻűȲţλϵܣǴ㽫ĳӴһ׶Ĳſȥ𣿡
ȺЦ֣ɫ˱䣬Щ˵ңҹչͷ˲𣿡
ȻչͷײѵģǾΣӦ⳥ҽҩѣӳ˵ǲأҶӳȥ
ûӦ⣡
ôװݣҪúóͽЩĿĸ

Ⱥڵìͷһָ֣١
֣һŭĵҶ죬ӳȴβѣǰʽ֣ʮֲԼ֣ٵĻȻἤߣһ˼Ը˰Ҫϸ飬ȴȥɡ
ӳǵ˼ҶῴЩνĽӣɳ֮ȫǺںӣȥ֮ʲôǿɾɲˡ
ӳ˼򵥵Ľͨ޷ֳоҿҲͱˣؼȥɡҶЦ
ӳȵϻʵʵߡ
ҶҽˡȻǸ˵
ʲô۲۵ģˣҶѾŶҶЦ˵
ʱ㻹ЦĳȻСǵ˵
ĺˣڣµġҶЦο
ۿҶȻҪߣԹ۵ʵڿȥæԺֹվס˵䣬Ѿӳ˹ȥ
Ϊӳζӳְ֮ŲãǰҲûʲôӴȻԶԶΣʱԶǴžžñǰԴű£һʱ֮ûϳ
ԷڴӳæӺǳ참𣿡


51 
Ҷȴε̾ϢҲǽԭȥӵ·ϣúýѵЩ֪ļһһ֣ƻˣҶ쿴Եĳֻӳ֣ˡ
ʦ㱻ǴأЩյ˵
ԿʦĳƺȺһôƺһСΪʦأ⻹˷ѽ⡣
ѵҶҽͽ𣿡ԣȻЩɻȻǰԵ˸ҶѧҽͽܣΪʶҶֻһҽ߳ҽ
ԵĵǣҶֻܿЦ˵ֲɮѵ㻹ұЩֳ˲ɡ
Ҷôһ˵ԲŻȻԼĵȫǶģ¼ȻѾ棬Ȼȥ
ǣԭһģһߣӳݵĺ
һͷеĽ嵽ԸǰҪסɲȴһסˡ
㣬Ϯӳָŭ
Щ˻ԼǾ𣿡ԷȻʵ
ûٲֵĻŲӸӳв
Է֪Ȼ֪ڸģԲȻŭһ߿ﱻסĽ첽ӳ˹ȥ
ӳæҵĴȡ¾ָԳȵٹɾͱҲˡ
ӳǰһԶͣ½ŲȻӿڴȡ֤յӳǰһʾ
ԣ֤Ǹ׹֣ٿŴžžñϤͷӳӿʼˣľҲǡડһ˵ϡ
ֳң֪ˣ룬һ棬ңһһΰɡӳ촽ʹزţ˵ҲǽͰͣŵɫèһ㣬֮ǰҲ֪ɵȥˡ
ֳǽй־ֳ
ûڵ￴˵ôô졣
ֳһܷŹЩаԵļһ
ûһҪϳ͡

Χ۵Ⱥڷ׷׽
˾֤ȡֻ˸롣
ιƣھɣ绰ͨʵ
ڣʲô𣿡绰𽪿Ƶϴνʱ򣬹ԭֳΰΪְأЩɥԵڶ㱻ְ죬жбͻ⸱ֳһְˡ
ˣҽԺſԷԸ
ǣƴӦ
˵绰֣ٺݺɨһۣŵ˲ӡ
ߵȻǰʵ֪γƺ
ңҽȻ־ֳʻȻԵЩţҲƽһκĴӴ
С鷳ȥһˡԺ˵
ŶȻԹԵ˵ͷЩҶָοȻģֳ㹫ġ˵ţֿԣ˵ԣһ£ˣλÿɾ鷳ˣ㿴ŵòᣬҲˣôҲ˵ҽҩѺ;ʧѣˣ󹤷ѣഺʧѡ
ʦģһúôµģԹػش
֮ǰԳƺҶΪʦҲûʲôС֣Ȼ˿̣֪ݺʦνȫ
־ֳĴﾹȻƺСΪʦҾֹж˹ֱǷ˼
Χ۵Ⱥʮְ˵ĿⶼҶϣ·Ҫһ㡣
ȻѾͷҲĿɿڴĶҶ죬֮ǰΪֻǸҶѧҽѧͽˣǳˣɲλ־ֳҶѧҽΪλƺҶΪʦأȻ˼⣬һǿԿ϶ģҶݾɲ⡣
ȻãˡҶȻ˵һȻʹҴҼȺɲȼԼФͷ
ֱҶӰʧȺȻɵɵӦһ
ûãƱϵֳ
ӳΪ׵Ǹ֣ٶѺ˾ԺȻ˽
¼˶ֳȡ֤ȻԼҲϳȺǵĿ֮£ʻֳ
ҽԺסԺ13㣬ɭػſڣĿעŵݷڵȴ˭
ãɭ۾ͻȻһҲȳЦ⣬Ųӭմӵ߳һ꣬ȻҶҽ
ǺǣҶҽˡɭЦǺǵҶкһĻɰ·λʿһλƽʱ߸ϵԺˣӭϼ쵼ʱҲ飬¾Ȼһλ˹ƺԷΪҽѵҽҽλʿҶ࿴ۣ룬Ȼ˧ôҲǸҽ
ɭԣҶЦЦ٩Ժ˫յģ㲻˯һҽԺʲôأ
˵Ҷҽĳﻹ˼˯ءɭЦ
Ѳ㻹ҰҽԺ𣿡Ҷ쿪Ц
Ҷҽ˵ЦˣĳѧϰġɭԽ͵
Ҷ쳯һۣµЦŶѵԺǴҽѧҽˣ
ɭҡͷ̾Ϣʮ꣬ĳ뷨ĺɽˣͷʼҲˡ
˵䣬Ѿ߽˲
֮⣬ʿ
Ҷע⵽ʿɭæ͵Ҷҽϴλʿ·ϳ˳ûܸԽĳصذλʿЭ㣬֮ǰŮƵʱҲڳġ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ҶҽãλʿЦҶк飬ͺǼһ㡣
ǺǣλúðҶЦ˹ȥҲһۣѾͷ̬Ⱥô顣
ߵλʿǰҶƤЦʵλýôƯòԼɣ
أҶҽҪʱĻǵԸԼءһλΪʵĻʿЦ˵
ܺλƯʿԼᣬҶʱʱ䡣ҶЦ
ļٵأҶҽһںǿģĴ϶ǸæˣĻʱԼأʿС˵
ߣǸæأæ椡һԵСֲֹҶʵι㵽βģ椵أ
Ҷ쿴˿˵㼱ʲôأĸﶼˣҲһʱɣ
㣡ЩǿǵֻҶܾԼĸףŭҲֻǿ
ʵͬͦ˵ģҶһ˵˺ˣҲòĸҽξˡ
˷ۣȻڴʵƺͿѹ˰ɣ
һϴεҪ󣬰ָӾȼй٣ԼһЩ幦ܡ˵䣬ҶѾԱߵҽƳ׼õһи룬λʿԸλðҰɡ


52 
λʿӦһطŷڴȻһڴؿҶ죬ȻϴʱѾʶҶֶΣԵĿˣ˵ǸĲ֢Ƕܺ棬Ҷ콫ҽλˡ
ȺҶһӣöѾڷͷϡ
λʿһ㶣ոǸûҶôֵģΪ˲ƣ۾ϴһգҲգضŷͷЩ롣
ţͺϴһҶٶȣö֮ÿƵһöϣת룬עһҶ춯̫죬˸ֻ֣ܿһƬӰ
һĻλʿСĿɿڴɭԺȻмʶȴ̲¶̾顣
Ҷȫעزö룬Щעеʹֱ֮λȥϴѾйȫԵ޸׼ҲҪһЩ
͵͵Ҷ쿴һۣϴһҶɫׯϣʮˣ룺Ҫɫƽʱ棬Ǹöá
ƽӣҶֽͷö˻
Ƭ̣۾
裬ˡĽкλʿСǳ׾ˣ̶ӵƣ߾ȻˣҲԼ۾һС
ˣǽƺҲġҶһŸ룬һ˵
⵽ôأǵʵ
Ҷͣɭв²Ϊ˵Բܻδָȫ棬ھͺֲͨһȻĿĻҲ˵ԣܱû˵ɣҶҽ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ûڻǸֲˣ״̬˶ֻԣҲһƵĹ̡
ԵЩʧܿҲȻˣҶ˵ģˣٵһֺη
ˣƾˣԺԻȥ˯ˡŻƳϺҶ쿴ɭЦ˵
ɭֻǸЦԭĥѧʲôɽȴһΪҶʩֶȫ߸֪ۣһ˵Ķά20Ӳȡ룬ĻҶ̶Ӿչˡ
ٿʿŷҶѵҲòٷˣϢɡ
Ŷ㶴ӦһȻŷ
ûҾˣԺڡҶɭԸǡ
Ҷҽߣˣ´ƻϰɣɭʵ
Ҷ˵ͷشûʲôĻӦǰɡ˵žתſȥ
ո߳ţȴӺͷ˳
ι𣿡Ҷ죬ʵ
ţԼ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ƳƳۣ˵̫ˣĶѣûб˼˵ߵҶǰͷ
Ҷһ첽ϡ
߽ݣһ¥֮ںʵôȥѧأ
ҶЦ⻹ųôƯѧôɫǣŵ㣬ôŵء
û˵ʵˣҿȥѧֻΪ椰ɣ
ţΪ㣬̤ǧɽˮǧ࣬òײŻѧ㾹Ȼң͸Ҷһĵ˵
᣿ߣҿλͬŮϵͦ۵˻ĵһȥԷѵҲ𣿡Ҷʵ
ʱѾִһ¥Ŵ򿪺һ˳ȥ
ҶͷϣаЦʵôԴˣ
С㷸ųĴ𣿡ͷҲص˵һ˵ţһ߿첽ҽԺȥ
ô˵ǲϹѧУŮˣҶ׷ͷЦʵ
ո߳ҽԺŵͻȻͣ½Ųͷ˵㰮˭˭ֲ£һ޵֮Ҿûκιϵˡ˵㳯Žϴȥ
УǸѶԸѾͷҶֹţҪ׷ȥȻ̧ŵɲǣͻȻһԶ
ˣ鸽źŴľѡǷԸϷΪʦһ߲ɣ
ʲôˣҶ쾪һ»ˣȴֻˡ
ˣˣֻҪԸϷΪʦϷԻߵ
ѲǴ˵еǧﴫҶĴ󺧣ǧﴫҲֻǴ˵еı죬ʦǿҲ޷ǰ߾ȻܹʩչĪΪʦ֮ϣ
ǿԸԼΪͽ˵ǧѷĻԵҶǱ֮ˣջٴҲȻᱳʦţͶɣԣԶԷ飬Ҷ쵱ܾǰʦ֮ˣˡ޷ܡ
ʱδ죬ˣǻټġ˵ߵԶȥ
û뵽ﾹȻ˴ڣԺ¿ɵøӵ͵ǡҶ˵ţɨһۣǰȥδע⵽ӭһλ׷ߣҲδȥ˾ϡƽز
ֱ߿֮߷ͣ˽ŲͷҶıӰŰ̾Ϣ鸽壬ʵĪԵ˾ʣǷԣĻΪԪˡԱϣ־վƬ̣Ȼתȥ
ҶƵǣһת۵ĹѾͷܵûӰˡ
ţأҶһ߳ǰţһߵִŮӻ
ߵһֿڣҶ׼ٴκȴսǴΧһȺģ꣬Χм
ٲÿҿҪˡȺ죬û˿ɫЩȻҲҴ֮ͥʲôֵ£ҲֻģŮ͸һ°ˣرľɫŮ
ŮиŶҾϲŮˡһë죬°ϡϡļӣϾǽ˶ĵЦ
ԣǰôԼëƳһ۳
ë쵹ҲаЦ˵ŮҪա
ҪĶȵ
ڴʱҶƵߵȺǰЦ˵ţһΪȥˣԭˣЩС찡
ոȥأڲŹҶƳƳЩ˵ҪǸոҶһֱһЩҲͲڨˡ
ո·ϿһܴŮԾ͸䡣ҶЦػش
Сӣʲôأë쳯Ҷʵ
ɵñûոҺҿǼɵͷɵԣһû۰ӣѹֻᱻˣҶЦ
ƵģСҿǺܾûͷǰɣëƿСܣ󲽳Ҷȥ


53 ԭ
ƲæܵҶǰֽѵɵվŸߡ
ߣûôףΧëСһӵϣΧһȦ
ƽʱͦģؼʱô㶺ˣҶ챧ԹֳڻɨһۣȻʵ֪˭𣿡
Ůֲɵñող˵ԼϹҿ㳤ôƯСʵǱﰡҪԸҵĻ籣֤帣㿴أëһڴؿʵ
мĺߺһ˵һʲô帣ǮƣС㵱ȻԸˣ֪˭𣿡
ë콫Ҷ´һȦȤѲɻգ
ǹ־ֳһ˵ҶЩĳһۣѾͷҲ̫ᳶ˰ɣ˼ҹ־ֳʦأôͳҵˡ
ΪϷҶ컹ͦţװģ˵û軹ǿ˾ܲá
һۣ׷ЦëһЦһ߳˵СӾͱ´ţˣԻ˾ҿѹǹ¶ԺģԼ˭֪ɣ
Ҷ첻ŭЦ٣˵ϵܣô֪أѲҲû裿Լȷʵ֪˭Ҳûʲôġ
ûأë
Ҷ˫һ̯˵û谡ôأ
Сӣ˵ҵ裬Ҳ͡ë
ϣǸТӰôȴ죬ǶԵ˼ҰҶЦ
ӲŲʲôѰ죬ӿǶ˻ġëֱ׳Աŵ
ŶԭǶ˻Ļ졣Ҷ첻Ϊصͷ׵ȴüͷⶫ˻Ҳжţ֪Ƕĺڵ
ٸ˵ǻ죬Ҳ㼱ëӺȵ
Ҷڰ֣˵ˣˣҲǶ˻ỹǰϻ㣬ǲǻҲûϵ㵽ôţ
£ëҲ룬˵
ҶٺһЦʵǾôϲ𣿡˵ȥʵţôִ࣬򲻹Ҫȶţȥˣ
ҶһۣЩ˵Ҫ߾ߣôڡȴǰҶûΪˣʱ֪УҲӦͦǡ
Сûӽߣ㻹ŸأëЦ
Ǻǣˣ֮ǰô˵ҲúúТТλϵܡҶһ˿Ц
ТôТأëʵɲǰһʲôǮ
ϼûǮûʲôֵǮĶΨȭͷТλˡҶЦػش
ëɫһ䣬СǷˡ
ҶĻôССĸжԷ˶ڣҲҶΪԼᣬæȰҿ㻹ǸϽ߰ɣԼа취
ҶԭˣǶԼҲԼŮˡҶһɫ˵
ܹҶ˵ⷬʱģͺʩʱһ࣬ﲻôһ˿øУ¿ɲǳӢ۵ʱ򣬼ԷҪֵӣæȰ˵˶࣬㻹ǿ߰ɡ˵ŻҶ졣
˵ţôϹ𣿡ҶƵ
ڲ˵ʱٲ߿ɾûˡҶһ˹ӣǽ֡
Ҷε̾˿˵ˣţ͵ɴ۾ţϹôЩСϺ״ſµġ
Ҷ첻ȰԵЩ˵ЩʲôǻûüڣΧļ죬ͬһʱҽŵɳȥٿҶ죬ԾһվԼǰ
ôˣһʵ
Ҳ֪緢˰ɡҶװģػش
ʱëŴӵؿڣָҶȵСӣУбͱߣҴ򣬴ȻղҲûпҶĶǿԿ϶һҶֵġ
ԷĻҶ쿴ȥʵǶ𣿡
ҶҡͷϵûапҶ𣿡
Ҳҡҡͷɻʵô˵أ
ˤ˰ɡҶڷֵܵˣ߰ɣҪǴᲡˣ˵ͷϡ
׼תȥëͻȻ˱򣬾ϲؽеǿ磬ãС̫ɶˣѵǶˣҵ߹Ƕ˺üϣҵѽʹˣǿ磬һҪֵǱ𰡡ëһ߿ţһһһȳسǿ籼ȥװһӡ
ëĻҶ쳹ոڶԷǶ˻ˣص飬ҲͳԵʹˣԷ˵ء
ٻͷȥëеǿ磬ϴθԼͷͷϴǸСǿ
һҶ죬Сǿһ飬æҶ˹
ԷǼˣҪ֪Щ磬ɲЩСôǣ˵ϾʹǹæҶ죬ѵǻǿӰɣⶫ˻ǿǲ𡣡
Ϲҿžô𣿡ҶĨźʵ
㣬ôôȰҪٲߣңҿɾˡȻô˵Ҷ첻ߣҲû˼
СǿܿҶǰǾŵض㵽Ҷ챳¶ԷԼòҲЩСһԽ
ǣû뵽ǣ龹ǳ෴ķչ
磬ʵڱǸЩСеĵطϣ¡СǿӣսսҶǸ
ˣëȺɵˣǿô˵ҲǶ˾ָϴлүͺү֮⣬ˣ¾ȻһС˱ϥ
ţСǿëȵëҹ
ǿԼëϽΡΡ˹ȥ
ܵǿǰϱһʹǿ͵ĺݺһƣëһĵڵأǿ粢δ֣һȭߣﻹͣС۾𣿿ӽ첻Ĺȴϡ
ңҴˣǿ磬㣬Ұɡëһʱ֮仹û״ҲֻܱԴధ
СǿֵͣӣҶڰȰˣ´ˡ
Ҷ췢Сǿֹ֣ͣҶǸ磬ǶԲסȥһúùܽЩ۵Ļ쵰
㻹ܽǣǲǸѧģ˵Сǿôһԣ֪ӵŮˡҶʮ־ʵϴСǿŷᣬȴСǿСܸ


54 ү
СǿҶûйƳһۣЦ͵磬Դϴ֮ҾѾĹˡ
нǵģжɫֻǱרӵŮְҶƵ
ǣǣСǿӦֶԼСܺȵǻŸɩӿͷϴҲ
Ҷǰڵͷϴ
Сεѧˣ֪ɩϴҶ޷޵˵
СǿҲֻܺٺһЦϴΪŷ£Ҷͷϴ˸Ǽǵġ
ˣɡҶ˵
ڻֹͣͷӵվ
ӹȥһûϢĶ֪ӶСǿĸҳɣ׷Դˡ
СǿС޳òΪ˽ǰӰɣҶСǿЦʵ
˵ЦˣΪ½ҽԺԽר̹Щ쵰Žȥ̫Ǿţû뵽Щ۵ĶȻ硣Сǿ͵
ϻҽԺˣôأҶʵ
绹ǵϴǼҷݵ°ɣСǿҶʵ
ǵãôѲЩһ˱ϻˣҶ׷ʵ
ɲԺѪǰﾭҶ˵£컢ү޿̣һȺֱֵӳ嵽ѪǰϳսһָˣҽԺͷءСǿЩ˸е˵ǻүһִģһֱܾػүү飬ܲʹ
Ҷ˵ͷԸȥҽԺ
ã磬Сǿ˵űͷǰȥ
ǰҽԺ·ϣҶСʵιѵҲǶ˻ˣ
㿴ֺúѧϰϵѧôܻȥأҶش
һۣĵҿҲͷСå͸ղǸëûʲôŮԴ󷢡˵ţʵҪأһô
ΪϹҳ˧¡Ҷڻش
Ͳǫһ𣿡
ʵѾǫˣ㿴Щżǣöû˧ϵĴҫˡҶԿ
ҲøҶϹתƻʵո˵ǸүǶ˻һλɣ
ǰû뵽ЩỹͦоҶЦ
ⲻ֪Ƴ˵ȻʵѵҲʶǸү𣿡ʶСǿΪֻǶ˻һСͷĿСһ㶼ǳӲģҶϹϾ⵹Ҳϡ档
ֹʶýءҶ˵
ȻҶĻسУʹɣҿõͷغүء
Ҷʼ磬ҲøѾͷ
˻صҽԺٴסԺʮ¥ػôүסػҲûʲô֡
ǰСǿ£ȻƿţҶ˸ƹ磬ɩӣ롣
Ҷ˵˽ȥڲϵĻү֮⣬ָͺүҲڳһŰ״ӵҽʿ
ҶָͺүæӭȺҶ硱ڲϵĻүҪȴҶֹ
һĻǸҽʿȣ˵ʲôͷȻϴָҲҪ˹ӭ
кҶָ˽ܵλ
ָȻϳǰϴεķᣬǵı鶼ЩŹ֣ǻǺʧлɩӡ
ϲҶԼǶԷôˣҲҲֻǿЦݡ
ţҶܵλǶϴָλϺҲǺүˣǸһϢľǻү
Ҷôһܣ׾ˣ֮ǰΪҶڴţʵͰǰҸ˼ǣ˵ϴҲҪƺҶΪ硱ȻԼԽԽ͸ǰˡ
ҶƵߵǰϵĻүɫ԰ףǰϻźʯ࣬Цŵ٩Сӻ湻ɵģȻ嵽˼ҴӪȥ£Ϊհ
Ҷ˵Щ֣ĶԷæָ˼Ҷˣ㻹˵ֻϾЩӶǷ޳ļһȻﺰŴ磬ǰë˻ǻᷴġ
ĵȻǶˣҶĻүû˿ֻǿЦ˵磬ɩӣǼЦˣ̫嶯ˡ
Ҷε̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ֻҪŻͺã첲ȱûʲô󰭵ġ
Ҷ˵ɣɻүȴʮֳأ˵˵ԺûΪЧˡ˼ǿĴүǣʱ̲סۿʪ
ô㲻ΪЧѲɴͶѪǰˣҶȤ
ү磬ʲôϻǶˣǶ˹ôܻᱳѶˡ
ҶЦǲͳˡ
ǷһڶЦүɥ˵
ϻ̫ˣ˭Ц㣬ϺһȥƤү֣ǵ˵
ǰϻͰ˰ɣ˺˻Ҷ˵ĻүָԴ˸еοү䣬˵ǺܴĴ
һòôˣҶҽڴˣ֤ϻ㲻һ¾ܺһɻҶƤЦ˵
磬첲Ƥǵĳ׶ˣ˿ƵרҶûޣͱҿЦˡүſԹеרȻǱλҽ
ô𣿡ҶЦʵ
۾һȰȻô˵ˣӦûа취ġҪ֪Ҷ־֢κãǻʲôܵأ
˵ĻרҾЩЦ̲ס˵СѾԲ˽˶ֲ֫Ȼǳɹܷ֫Ҫܵʱ۲죬ܹΧ񾭵ҲҪһḶ́Ҫָǰ״̬ûпܵġ
רⷬүɫ쳣ء
ҶλרƳһָۣΪһҽҽõҲˣҲֹϵ̬ˣ˵ţһϸҽ𣿡
ûרңⷬȷʵΥְҵ¡ҶĹ۵㣬ȻҲʾͬʱֹ̱ϵ̬ͷĸ׵ˡ
ܵ˵רҵɫЩѿҲֻңҲʵʵ˵òи׼
ҶøƽϣǶԻүȰοϻӹҽģұָ֤ܻ


55 
Ҷгӣүʱ۾һ뵽ҶڼҸ֣˵нӹı£æԻү˵ϻ㲻ԣ˵ָܽ
үô˵үûʲôϣȴҲûʲô˵㾡԰ɡ
ԷӹҽרѾܲˬЩ˾ȻŶԷĻһֿԴˣҿǼĶˣ̸ֽıµǲСʵʲȴֻǸӡ
ҶЦһ˵ϣߵϼһҶҲöˣأͨǰʯͷԼĽš
ҵҪ˭ʯͷԼĽšרҰԴʮ˵
Ҷ첻ٷϻڴֱַֻڻү͸첲ϣ̽ү֫ĽӺ
ӵļ飬Ҷ˵ͷϿɵ˵ֲͦɹģ֧ܺѪѭؽҲܵλֻҪָΧ񾭾Ϳˡ
ָΧ񾭣ҿɴûƷʽר䳰ȷ˵Ⲣ˵δּǹϸû˵
ûûУԹԱĹ죬ɴۿŰɡҶȻ˵˵רңר־ؿԻү֫񾭽
ֲ֫ɹҪǿѪܡ͹ͷĻָɹ󣬶ָܹ֫ʲôزľΧ񾭵̶ȡһ˵Χ룬Ҳָܻᵼ֫оͻǰҶҪľǣ֫ĴСС֤֫幦ָܹܶԭˮƽ
񾭣һϸĹرЩϸ΢񾭣Ҫʮ͸˽⣬岻
һСʱһСʱҶһţִֻڻүϣ۾Ȼպϣȥ˯һ㣬ӻүǲϱ仯Ӧڼ
ҶֵƷʽרҿɲͬѾȵòͷֻǼָͺүĵһԾҲҳ
ֳãר޿̣뿪ʱҶڳһֻ˻
ˣѾжѵ񾭶ֻ֫ӦѾио˰ɣҶүʵ
ˣиоˣͺǰûϵʱһһүּ˵
˻үⷬרҵ˲ɵĹԲ˾ľͷһʿҲĿҶ죬ﾡֳݵɫ
ָͺүȻ׼ɴʱǻ̲ס̾ΪҪʹֱӽ֫ǵҪΪҸҪǿҽ
ȻЩԾҶôЩ仯
֫Ѿָڼ͹ͷָܻʲô̶ȣǾҪԼˣڼеԼӦ֪ôɡҶү
֪磬ʵ̫лˡүȻ˷֮С
лĻͲö˵ˣʱúϢɣʲôҲͱˡҶĻүȻӴվ
磬ΪʲôҸо˿ڴʹأ˷֮࣬үɻʵ
ô㻹ʹĲĻҵǿԳȫ㡣Ҷ˵űҪ֣үæҡͷˣˡ
ҶЦЦתָȥˣһˡ
硭
ָһмģҶϽִϵʲôҲ˵ˣ˵Ļ´ָȱ첲ȱҡ˵꣬Ҷ˵ţ߰ɡ
磬ɩߺãָͺүϹϾĽҶͳ˲Щ纰ɩӣܸоЩܳ
߳ҶʵǻؼأҽԺ
룬شؼҲûˡ
ǺðɣҾˡҶ˵ž;ֱŵȥĸײſͣ˽ŲҶԶȥıӰֱҶߵſڣͷŻŻջĿ߽
߽ݣֻͻȻǵ׵ɰѵＸʿһ
ҶЦسЩʿ˳ȻƵͳֻһǷѾͷ硣
ͨ绰ҶЦʵã𣿡
ǰˡӲ˵
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ҶֻڴӦðɺðɣ˵˵С̷õʲô
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֪ˣҵַҴ͹Ҷ˵
ҪĻأʵ
İɡ
Ǿϻ³ǽ㡣
Уȹˡ
Ҷϵ绰Ҷ첢δ뿪ҽԺɭԴȥ˵绰
˵ոҶ뿪үλרҲͻ뿪ˣ߳ȡֻɭԴȥ˵绰
ιԺ˵¡绰һͨרұ㾪δ˵
ΣʲôôŻŵģɭԲʵ
λ˻үֱסԺӦҲ֪ɣרʵ
ŶǸǰɣЩӴɱɱǳе£ҲûʲôϡģʲôôСֵġɭԲΪȻ˵
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ո˵Ĳ¶𣿡ɭԾ
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56 
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ר˵ӱҸߵ㣬ɫTǳɫţУǸ˧С
ҶҽɣĻǵҲûʲôϡˡɭҲ֪ڶר˵
ҶҽˣǽҶ졣רͻȻ𣬱
ǾûˣҶҽҽɭԻ˵һȻ𵱳Ҷľ棬æתƻ˵ԺλҶҽ㣬ʤϼһһʶ̧٣ûȤ
ԺǸҶô𣿡רЩŵʵɭʸҪƺԷΪҽʵЩ˼顣
㲻Ѿۼʶ𣿷ҵľûɭ˵
֪˽ԺԺһעġרҴӦ
ţɭԻ֣ضУ쿴ǧҪȥ˵֪ûС
Ȼԭ򣬵רҲֻӦ
ոչ˵绰ֻһҶģɭûҳɣæЦǺǵʵҶҽ֪ҽĳкιأ
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Ҷҽ˵Ǿ̫ˣĳֱһ׸ˣҶҽڻҽԺɣɭʵ
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һﻹͦƥҶﰵǴӦһȻ͹˵绰
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ҶҽҪ롣ɭ˫ŽУҶȥ
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죬СȥЩˣҪúñŶ˵䣬ѾҶǰ
ҶڵĺˣҽҪô֣һ־ͱ֤ɹ
Ҷ㴵꣬˰ָⶼûʼأʹţˣһ㶼֪ǫ顣
Ҷüͷ˵ֻʵʵ˵ѣѲ㲻ϣҽС̷κ𣿡
úúãҽҶҽ˰ɡḽ޵ʵҶҽҲûףֻǴϴͷ±Եͦӡ
ɱңһңҾ͵ģòҶ˾˵
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˾һ·ǰС̼ȥ
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˹չ֣һĺԺǰ
ĺԺͦϵӣĥששݳɣߣۣǰװˮмߣֱĨԺڷשܬأʯףʪ̦
С̼ҾסĺԺ
˸ոߵſڣഫŮӽл
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Ťͷȥֻһʮ긾ŮŸӣӲС˹
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С̡ỶؽһӭǰȥֽӹӣʵЩʲôأ˵űѾڲ﷭
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صģھˡСɵŮ̬Щϵ̫õӡ
ô߰ˣ˵нֹģ԰ɣʵ
ǰôˣСʵ
ģҶڶСѧ꼶½ѧת飬ǳＸСѧҪṩ֤ѧ㿴ûа취ͨһأͿʵ
СѧʵлƬԭһģӾ͵ѧôܹͨأСûľܾ
Ҳ֪˵ǴиӾǿϵͶģСڽ﹤Ӧûа취İɣԾЦʵ
ԭϵ⣬ҪµĺӶϳ飬»ʲôѧУأ˵ڶѧһˣѧУѧˣô׽ȥС¶֮ɫ
Ҳ֪ЩˣЩ΢һѧУӦûпȱİɣǮ⣬ֻҪܹҺӰŽȥͳɡ
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һżҲ֪ҲΪҲŻæھһģͰҰɡ
ЩѧУֲҿģʲôأҪȥЩУȥţһȥϳءС˵űƹȥ
ǣδ׷첽׷СǰͷСɣҪǻΪϴǼĻǸһҪҡ
ߣǰһôûǸأôõ˾ǸˣСЦؿ˵


57 æ
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һǰСһֻèĸ飬ֻèӣ͵ԣһֱҲһ죬ֻèһֻҩ󣬽һغˡ
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ᣬôô˵ءæͷ𱸵ò׹ԷǸȴһ仰ˡ
С̣С۵ǹҲġ߷ߵصСɣ˵
СɲûһƵЦ˫ǰһȻ˵ҿ㶼ǸˣЩҪ㣬ŶûС
һǼţæС⺢ֱڿ죬еĵطǣϡ˵ţԸᣬСɰ̵Ǹ
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˵Щʲôأʵ
˵ԸĻʱԴȥ˵溢Ӱõİ༶ᣬǣǲأץŷ֣˷ܵʵ
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ѵĽʡСɫЩŵҶ͵͵һۣܹԴ绰Ҳֻʡ쵼ʸˡ


58 ΰ
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βô֪Ҷ˵Ż⳯˿ţִյС˵ҪҿСڣ˵ǰβͻ
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һǿƵĿҶ졣
ǰĦˣλޣҶ޷ƽаĦֻСʳָָΰصĲ֢򣬵ఴ
Ħڼ䣬ΰȻǸоκʹģҴͦʵӡ
ʮӵİĦҲǽˣҶһӣǱħһ㣬ö˻Ȼΰ˵Ѿˡ
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С̷ڿ˰ɣ˵ͺҫһ㡣
ˣҿķڷˣҶᣬ裬պسɴΰ̾
Ҷ˵ȻѾ㣬ԣҲֻǷܵЦЦ


59 ϵ
ʱͻȻ£æ˵ԣˣİɣæȥˡ˵ϵĲӣҴҽ˳
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ҿɲǳ˵㻹ʡҪȻ˼УôܻԴ绰룬˵ô˵
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һæ͵С̣㣬Ϲ˵ʲôأֻͨͬѧˡ
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϶˵Ȼ˵ôܻϲأС̣㲻֪˾ǸĴܲҲŲϲĵˡ
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صѾ㣬ûʲôҶҲû˷ʱ䣬ʼķ
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ƵʵֻһûǼСƵ꣬ڽĴ־Ƶ㲻ϸߵȴǲơ
ʱ֣ʫáɣһͬƵ꣬ΪԤ˰ᣬֱӽ˾Ƶ꣬ڷԱĴ£ܿҵµڵİᡣ
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һֱԽˣô࣬һԷᵽԼһЦؾصҽҽܸʶҡ
ʱҲЦ˴кǸȽŮˣ࣬Ϊ˱ȽϺơ
Ҷİɣ˶ѾˣЩѾͷϲʲôˣɶءһ˵һʫõ֣ĽǸбϵλϡ
ʵʫòǺϲбϣΪſʼ˾һֱĿЩɾѾλϣҪٻλӵĻЩòˣˣʫҲֻεº⽫ǱŲŲ
߻صԼλϺ²δ£ʫ˽ǸУλǽ⽨˾ܲǮǮܣǽй·̴ֹ
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ʫС㣬ܸʶ㡣ǮЦǺǵʫôкͬʱʫ֣ʫȨûпǿЦŵ˵ͷȻͲǣΪǮҲֻ㬵İ˻ȥ
ƺҲһĻЦ˵ɷкǮ̸̣Ҳͳô˻һ棬˳Ǽ۾ۡʵʫõ˳۲Ŀġ
µɷ½ٻǰ̳ӵĽ˾ǰһǮһ繫·Ĵ󹤳̣½ٻҪ̳аԾϵǮ⡣
Ҫа̵Ľ˾ֹһңǿľ֣ͶԽǽǮ⻹ûн㣬ܸ󣬶µһʱ뵽˸ոоҵĿǰǵʫáʫõòܸܰǮ⣬ǵεĹ̿ʮþȣԺĹҲһ¡
Ļ̥ľٰξ۲ͣϣڲϴʫúǮ⣬ǴϲɵĻ뵽˸նİ취ǾǽʫùȻ췹
»ȻǺǮҪ̸ڻ᲻أʵ޲ˡ
½Ц˵᲻ᣬⶼѾ̸ˣֻǸ򵥵ľ۲Ͷѣұ̫࣬ԺȾˡ
ʱԱƿĺŽƷŵϺȡһƿ򿪣Ϊ˵һС뱭
Ⱦһлμξ۲͡¶žƱվ
֮һһƺȾ
ʫ䲻ôȾƣôһСҲûʲô󰭡
ţִƿƣΪһһϣÿ㵹˰뱭ʫõʱ൹һЩ


60 ҫ
ƻصԼλϣֿʫãЦʵʫãҲСˣǸҸ˼ˣ㳤ôƯӦҸǮǮƵĳɹˣҲòȥ˾ϰˡ
ɿɲⷬУҲһЩߣʫ˵ǰʫҲôأŻ˹˾Ĵ˾ɶЩɹˣץһǽ
˵˹˾㾾С쵼ҪǮֳ̰úǮĿɿ
ʫҲ֪ô˵ڰǮ⣬û˵ʲô
ǸŮˣȻó˵ⷬ⣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ܿЦ˵ڹ˾ϰ࣬ǵ쵼ʲôģҲֻڸ˴򹤣Լ˾ϰͲһˣò˻ðͽأҲνͷβͷβ
ⷬ˵ĵҲû˵ʲôʫüĬ
ţȴҲû£ǳ˵ҳŻϵҲԾ½ٻǮȺ˾ƣʫòδȾֻһСڡ
ƹѲ֮ǮĻϻҲˣһϲһ˾Ϳһĭɡ
Ǯе񣬽ǿţı¸ǲСͣ˴Լĳĳʱ˸󹤳׬һʣ˵ʶĳЩ쵼ǺȾƳԷʲôģԼһ׷װ޻˶ǮҲҫ
Ǯⴵʱ·򸾲ͣĴԸ֮ͣ˶ܿԷǹڴǮ⡣
ʫúԹԵسţȫûǮۣ㶵úʱʱ̾䣬Ϊ˻ɰ˺üš
Ǯ˵Ŀڸ豭๾ڲ裬ȴǳûȻӣǮʵˣǮҲûɣ
ǰ²豭Ǯϵصͷش
ֹÿЦĿǶʫ˵ʫãǴѧпɾֻһǵˣҪǮܴպϳһԵˡ
ͱҿЦˡʫúµ⣬͵Цܾˡ
ҿأǮĳɹ˿ɲʱضϵģҪѾˣﻹøءѾѻ˵ĺˣʫ̬ȵȻʵʫãòǿǮܰɣڵʫá
˵ʵʫûǿǮ⣬˵ģ͸ղǴģžǸҲֻ޻İݽŮŻϲˡ
£̱⣬ʫһʱ֮䲻֪λشǻشǵĻɻ£ǻشǣ¿϶ûһϡ
ʫͻȻ뵽Ҷ죬æ˵ʵʫѾˡ
ô˵ʫæӣС˵ɣɲҪϹ˵
һ۱㿴ΪʫŹô˵ģҲŽҴǱԹʫôأѵǿҺ𣿡
ʫ¶ɫɴǸһ⣬ҪǳԼѣ±Ȼɰʵף첻ѰǰǲݵģҪǷԼѣǽĴɾ͸ˡ
ҲµΪˣ˵ʲô϶ţԸɴ˵ʫѺæģûʱ
æҲʱԼŮѰɣֻ˵ֻǸ۵Сûˣ׷ʵ
ʵڿ⸱ĸ̬߰ǰȻŲأʫѵĽʡ˹˾ܲãĴֻǲмС۲Ͱˡ
ôһ˵¶ʱͿЦЦƬ̣ɵ˵ôҲѧᴵţˣҪʫѵĽ˹˾ܲõĻô˹˾СԱأ
⣬ֻڻ죬¸ھְ
ɣҪ˵ˡʫǵȰΪ֪˵ȥĻ¿϶˽г档
Ȼʫĵվˣ½Цһ˵ʫãȻѾˣһǱôĴô˵ҲԼǽǼʶʶȥKTV裬Ҫ㲻ܰҪƵŶ¿ɲʫִܽҪǲܰ˴ĻǾԷΪɽ֮Ǿͺðˡ
ⷬʫһɿȥĿдһ˿𱸵ζ
ȴǲΪȻ˵ʫͰгɡеġָȻҶˡ
鷢չֵزʫѾﻢ£ԣҲֻε˵ǣҴ绰ûпա
˵ţʫþ߳˰ᡣ
ϣʫֻͨѶ¼﷭Ҷĺ룬ԥ÷Ź˲򰴼
ʱڲţҶֹͣʱѾߵ룬Ѹٳ˸ˮ裬Ȼ󴩺Ѵȥ
ɸո߳ţֻͻȻ
ȡֻһȻʫôģ⻹Щ⡣
绰ҶЦ˵û뵽ʫý㻹пոҴ绰
ҶˣңæʫЩŵ˵
ʫýʲô鷳˵ǣֻҪܰæģԵȫԸҶˬ˵
˵ЩðңҲǱƲѲŻҶæģ룬ҶװһѡʫֵŮˣ˵ⷬȷʵЩΪѣʱԭΪ˾Ʒøˡ
٣װѣҶ⣬ֹͷһϣЩԾ
Ҷ㾪ȵʫΪҶˣǻæ͵ҶҲ֪ܻƣҲûа칫ŻæģҪǲӦҲ㡣
ҶЦЦ˵ʫýˣֻЩѣʫýôƯѣǼװҲңСôܾءҶ˵˾ɰȴ˼Ŵο͡
𣿡ҶӦʫָмȴϵҶϱ񣬿ʵȴһֻʮĴɫǡ
ȻˣʫýأϹҶʵ
ǻȥKTVļҲ֪ҪҴᷢšʫûش
УҶڴӦ
Ҷϵ绰ҶаЦȻѣôǣǣС֣§§ҲƽҪƷչ˳Ļ˵С죬Сͷʲôġ
ûãʫñ㷢˶ţҶصڶֻſڵŶ
ֻӦþڶ˽ϰɡҶ쿴Ŷ˵ֻ첽Žȥ
ڽһ⳵ʦȥֻ
ϣ˾ܴغŶֻ쭶ȥǿɲǸǵģҶǰǸF1֡
Ƭ̣ͣ˶ֻſڡ


61 ţ
Ǯ³һɨʫӰǷȥţҵˣأ
ʫúܿţô죬һ·أ˼ֻ鷳ſڵһˡ
Ҷû֣ȻΧ
ҶֻۿȥͦߵӣӦǸѳҶǰȥЩҹܻᣬԵЩϵˡ
ѡһʵǮ飬Ϊ˵VIPѾŻݡ
˴ԼʮӵӣγԶԶʻͣºмһγһϤٻӰʫá
ʫãҶӭȥԶԶкʫã
Ѿ³һ˷׷׾ĿҶĴʱ𼥷֮ɫʫʵʫãѲǸԺյѣ
ʫõ˵ͷҲûɵĿ⣬ֱӳҶȥ
ߵҶǰʫСмҶллܹ
ҪٽҶɵôˣˡҶЦѵ
ʫԴɬص˵ͷ
ʫߴģҶٴѵȻ㣬Ƶģ˼һ۾Ϳˡ˵ʫõ֣һȥ
ͻȻһǣ֣ʫñܵҪȴδܴҶѣҲֻҶˡ
ǰѧУʱʫһѧŮ֮£ǰһǣ֣ƽһΣԣͨͨؿҲǺ쵽˲ӸҺϹ߲ãҪǰĻǿɾ¶ˡ
Ҷ˵ǣŮ˵Ѿûʲôϡ棬˿ǣʫõ֣ȻЩ˷ܣΪڨŮУʫĻΪġ
µǰҶҽܵҺãҽҶ죬ʫõѣܸʶλ
˲䣬Ҷ쾹Ȼܵ˺üɫʸĿ⣬ǸϹҽӵıĿƺԹ޵ζ
Ҷ죬̫ˡЦ˹ȻҶܵλ
ҶáҶкҶա
ţʫҶ༸ˡ
ЦӯӯǰһʵҶ֪ںδ߾أῴҲҶʲôǮˣΪʫĳġ
Ҷһ۱㿴αƵЦݲȵػشڻڶ顣
飿ԭǸѧѹֿȥôᣬͱʫûСɣµʵô޷ǾҴҶļݡ
ҶɲǳصģСܶùǺһЦ˵СЦˣҲͳһѣʵѾڹʿѧλ
Ŷ֪ҶļУͶأʵ
ڱصĽѧȻѧҲ˲ʿOfferΪλԾȥˡҶ˵ô˵Ҳֻʫóӣ˵ţı£˿ºǮ⡣
ΪλȥҲ̫˰ɣһؿҶ죬ţֵܴز
µ˵ȻҲҶĻҶⷬŵУµǵóһϢƤ񣬿ɲöԸ
ʫܹĸ֣ʼδģµĹƶǣδŽҶ⵹ЦЦ˵Ƚȥİɡ
һ˺ƺƵ߽˶ֻ
һһ¥ǵ¥Ǿưɣ¥KTVᣬϼǱ׷֮ࡣ
ֱŵ¥һᣬЩˮС˺;ˮ
һᣬ˱һһԵλ·ûǮǻⰲǮʫñϡ
ոڽ·ϣʫѾҶ˵֮ǰϵһǮʫñϣҶʫõ˸λãͬʱڨЦ˵ǮϵܣһͦģϸҾ˵˵ɡ
ǮɫЩѿϵ·ͬű֮ɫҶ졣
ʱơƺСˣǮС۾һЦ⣬ƿơƣ򿪺һƿҶ죬˵ǽ԰ɣֹ첻顣ȻǮȽҶʯˣȻʫ֡
Ǯϵôˬ죬ϸҽȸʹ졣ҶˬĽӹơ˵ҪƴƣʮǮҲԼ֡
˽ƿһȻ͹๾വ·͵ЦʫúȴǿõĲѡ
һƿơƺܿ¶ˣԵʫǵСѵٺȵ㣬ҿǹ
ͷһٶʮİɣƾ⶿ӻ಻ҡҶյʫöСοǵģֱǮ⿴
ҶҲǻȾƵǮһᣬֵܣơƺͶӣֱӺȰ׾ưɡ
Ҷ治ɫͬǮϵ˵ûⴵơʵ̫û˼ˣ׾ơ
׾ƣǮϼһСӸòװǻưɣ
Ϊ̽̽ʵǮһҧзԱƿؼӡ
ֵܣǵһҸҴ׾ƵˣҾˣˡǮľؼӡ
ɣҶԥؾƿǮһȻ㽫ƿһͷȰˮƵĴڴࡣ
˶ľսҪ֪ʮȵİ׾ƣһڶ˺գ˵ƿˡ
Ƭ̣ҶѾһƿؼӹӣƿһģһˬͻڶֱĿɿڴ
ٿǮ⣬¶ɫƵģһһغţʹıںȶҩһ㡣
ǮϵܣȲ¾ͲǿˡҶЦ
ɰӣǮǽƿؼӵ˶ӡ
ǮӣڴҶЦʵǮϵܣҪҪٴƿ
ǮһæԴҡø˹Ƶģͬʱѵ֮ǰϺ˲٣ѾװˣлĻֵܺȸʹ졣Ǯ֮ⷬӣ˵õҲУ֮ǰȷʵ˲ٺơ
Ǯô˵ʫǷȻЩǵҶʵû°ɣ
Ҷװһӣյʫö˵еˣôأҪ㿸һȥˡ
˭ҪǿأʫֵǵҶҲΪźǮƴƣ˵ȿϢ°ɡ
ˣûأȳԵˡҶ뵽Լǿθ֣Ƕ֮һڷûԣֹƿƽȥ˾ƾ緭ˡ
ǣҶһ˫һԿӣǻǹһ㣬ڼС֮ɨǸ̻ʵӣͺǼûԷƵģ¶˱֮ɫ
ܿ죬СȫҶһɨ⣬ȡŲͽֽ˲ߵգȻŶƤؿɳϡ
£ҪҶѾǲˣҲֻʹơ


62 
Ҷ˵ʡ㣿Ҷʵ
ǰôˣҪæ𣿡Ҷ췴ʵ
⵹ǣֻҾЩ֣ʡҶɣʵ
ŶֻϵĽ㡣Ҷʵش
Ҷôһ˵¾Ǽ񵽽ƵģĵЦԭֻϵĽ㰡ǵǰҲ˸µĵܵܣһֱûϵʲôˡⷬ޷Ǿ˵ϵĹϵɿ
ʫúȻЩʧ˵һϵĹϵܳá
С㣬ɾͲˣô˵Ҳֽ˼ָҶνؿЦϾֿϵˣο֮Ĺϵɲ˵򵥣ô˵ԼҲŮľˣĸֶ˵ġ
Ҷ˵Цˣ֪Ҷĸʲôأּ̽
˵Сֻǹ¶һöҶ˵
һˣողǮһֵôĶʱͦ˵̵ֵܰЩûмѧ͸ûʲôīˮȵٶʲôãҲ̸ֻֽڵǺܸӵģʲôлƽݣЩֻרŸЩϴõġѧʲôã˼ҹϵӲģűСѧƾͷϣƴƴһҲȲ˼ҡ
æά˵Ǯ˵ûڸиҵҪϵǮϵӲģֻҪڼǮˡ
ôһǮֿʼɫɫ˺ܶģЩ㲻ȥҲ鷳һλԶֵܣֵһҲǸ߲ҵ˸ƯŻؼңɾΪų̫Ưһͷ߸ˣͷٿǮţϣűˣȻˡ֪ºϼλڵѣ˼˹ȥţʲôأҲˣҲ˯ˣһעôˡ˵ϣϵǺҪģǺڵ׵Ѷýύ룬ʱҪĹϵ³𣿡
ţǮ־˺üӣ֤Լжô㣬һ˵ĳɳ򽻵һ˵͵˰־ֳһȹƣѧУУҽԺԺ˹ϵ
˾һ˵λרڿ̸һ㣬ʫõòͷҶȴһýζΪǮ⽲ɫȷʵͦ˼ġ
Щ׵ϵˣǺڵǮҲתͲ˵ˣҶֻϰ֪˭𣿡ǮŹʵ
ѲݰֵܣҶЦ
ֵܣ˵ЦˣҶֻǶĺڵ˻ĲҵĴϰȻǶ˻ľָϴˣָϴʲô˵˾Ƕĵ»ʵۡҺ;ָϴȻʲôݰֵܣϵҲһȾƣصһŸ߼VIP
Ǯ˵ŻصشǮｫŸ߼VIPȡ˳չʾҫ߼VIPɲֻǮܰ쵽ͨVIPݵſ˵ĹǴþҲöͿġ
ʵȥǱԳǮܣ˵ô࣬޷ǾǸǣʶ˺ܶ࣬ΪʲôҪʶôأ˵㣬ΪԼ̫ûˣʲô¶Ҫ˰æҪԼĻõŵȥ𣿡
һƬžǮɫЩ˵һŮĪĳ裬ǺһŮ˶Եûš
Ǯзʱ¼ʱ˵ôô˵أǮѣô˵𣿡˵ǮĲźĺãԺԴź򲻺ã൱ڶһ·ԾǵĴѧѣҲҪǮӡ
ȻԷΪǮѣȻҲòŹ˼ԷӣȻλվ𣬷߷˵㰲ʲôģΪҲ֪ۻ޷ǾʫýܸˣⱳԵ˶
ô˵ȻˬҲվɣѪˣҲںʫͬѧһŽǮܸʶǮʲôõģǮƣҲҪǿٱ
˵ϣǳ˺ˣԷԼֻίʵҲˣԼѵȷңһʱ֮û˵۾ģҪ޵ӡ
ɣˣͬѧһûʲôءƢܺãûΪǷɵȰο
ңյ˦֣ʱ򣬱˵£ԼҲЩԼˣ˵ţһʫõ֣˵ʫãߣѣԺ󲻽Ҳա
ɣ侲㡣ʫվȰҲ֪ΪԼŻֵһģЩִҪߵĻȻҲøߡ
һʫóſȥǮɾͼˣҪŮôˣԺ¾Ҳûлʫˣһ˼ǮȵͷϸϾֻȽŮ£нһչĻᡣ
뵽ǮվЦ˵С㣬ոǷ˵ʵҲҲû˼ΪҶʹͬѧֽ֮вСǡ
µȻ֪Ǯ˵ⷬĿģҲæЦɵǸɣոս˵еˣϣϣĸĴѧѣɲΪСֽˣˣǾͿĵĳȾƣ˵˰ɣ
ǰɣȥˣ߰ɡҲȰȻôϲ˵ҲԸ⿴Ѿôɢˡ
ʫԭҲߵģ֪ҪˣԺɾҲˣΪθ飬ҲֻȰ˵
ȻԷѾǸô˵ҪԼִҪߵĻǾԵЩСˣʲôҲû˵߻صɳ
סˣǮҲһǺЦλ棬ȥϴּ䡣˵ſȥ
ҿɣǵϴյʱĸKTVһҲɡŻͲЦ˵
˵ţֵһ֪İˣ½ٻϳ
֪İ˿쳪ʱǮ̵ĻصᣬŵʱĿҶƳȥһۣһ˿ϸ΢δӹҶ˫Ϭ۾
֪⶿ˣʲôơҶа
Ǯûٿ̸ǺʵɳҳŸ裬ûĸԤҲԾ
ҶȻôᳪ裬ȴźʫúϳһԳ
ĵʱǹĺܿ죬֪ѾСʱȥ˳ʱǮ˵ȥϲ
Ǯߺ󲻾ãȴˡءһ߿
ڳȻֹ˵Ŀⶼſڿȥ


63 ʹ
ֻ꣬ڵش˽˶װַɽկݳƷLOGOͷֱըʽȾŸɫе߻Ũױ廷ʵڷֲŮʮֵ͵ɱء
ιǽ˰ɣȷӦѵ
ȻɱزΪ£ΪǸͻѧɵĴͷ͵ɱأ˫ŨŨȦŵ۾ɨһۣĿⶨʫϣЦһ˵ѽߴˣĵ㳪С湻Ưġ
ûе㳪С㣬ϳȥû
ӴλСͦ׵Ȼ㳤ҲûλС㡣ͷһ˵ţһаЦسʫ˹ȥ
ȽϣȻˬԷĿĲԼҲûùͷ
ʫǰͷЦʵλС㣬ҳСѣԸԸأ
Ҵˣҿɲʲô㳪С㡣ʫ˵˵ŻҶ쿿˿
ôѵ¸ҸǮ𣿡ͷĵЦţʫߵҶ쿴ȥʵֵܣٿǮλСøңΣ
ϵֻ湻ģǾȰٿǮóɡҶǳЦ˵
ҶĻشͷԵЩ⣬µ¶˱֮ɫʫúɶһɣΪʶҶɲֻΪٿǮˡ
ͷûţæӿڴͳٿǮӵҶ컳Ȼһץʫõ֣Ҫߡ
ԷҶԼŮ˶ֶţҶһ˿ɱ⣬δų֣ţ
ͷĶͣʫҲ֣صҶԡ
ô뷴ˣͷҶʵ
ҶûмŻشͷǲĽٿǮսڴ˲ٱӵ
ǮպúҶŻͷ˵˵ٿǮ˵ٿ𣿡
ʱɷ޽ƽҲվ˵ûҪĵ㳪С㣬뿪Ȼɱǲˡ޽ƽǸĸߴˣɱĶȽ涯޽ƽһ˾Ϳ̵ˣ˵ҶҲȻûʲôµġ
ĸߴ޽ƽͷȻû˿ɫϾЩ˶ǻģôҲܻᱻԷĸ£޽ƽƳһۺ󣬺ߺһ˵Ӷˡ˵ִӿͳһѵɵᡱһǷĵƬ˳ĸɱҲֱȡͬĵɵ
Էֳ޽ƽոջǵȫˣ˿ĭʵʵػصɳϡ
ĸŮ˸Ǳŵɫ԰ףŵĪʫˣΪЩ˵Ŀ
ǰһžֵӣͷԵʮֵ⣬һ߰ĵɵһЦвĸ밤ӣܹԡ
û˸ҿҶҲͬû˵Ȼ˶ԷĵڵȴĻʹĳ֡
һʼЩɱؽᣬٵͷʫãһжԵ̫żټЩ겻֪ܲǾָĵ̣ǿ˵㳪С㣬Ҳھָÿ¡
ԣΨһĽͱǣָʹı£ĻʹǮ⻹˭أ
ǮһȥϴּʱթУҶѾµһһʲôıһȥϴּʱȺ˴˽ȻҲ͸ˡ
ȻЩǮģǵĿʫãôĿԱǣǮЩһӢ۾ĺϷ
ΪǮֵϷҶ첢δŶ֣װµûҶ
û˸ҳ棬ͷصͷȻʫаЦСˣϽ߰ɡ
ʫþŵҡҡͷֽץҶ첲Ҳ΢΢š
ԼŮ˺£ҶЩ̲סҪ֣Ϊ˽ǮҲֻҧǿ
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ʫãǵҪסʫãȴһɱõ赲
㣬Էõָɣܵվ쿪˫۵ɸǰ
һ̣ڸжˣǰˣһֱԼƲ𣬱Ʋˣؼʱ̾ȻΪԼͦ
ж֮࣬ҶȵҶ죬㻹Ÿأ
ɵĺǳ⣬ҶԾһţȻҲȫİղŻԵ侲
ϼ˶ͶĵĿ⣬½ٻ޽ƽʱȻҲûﶼǷ˵ϣҪǶԷĿԼӵĻǿ϶᲻һеֹͦ
ߣǸث֣ʫãڸÿ˵Ŀ˰ɣ³û
ʫ۽ǻˮ˿Ҷ硣
Ͻߣͷʫúȵ
ʫû˵ʲôسſȥ
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ǮʮϵǮܣ취ȾʫáǸӢŮˣȻǮδȸἰμƻҲµ˼֡
ǮֵɱɨһۣĿ˴ͷϣһЦӭǰкλǴ⬸𣿡
ԭǮܰҵ˭أôɣǮҲӰͷϵЦЦ˵˵ǺϷ֣Ȼݵøһ㣬˿˿˿ҲЩֲ壬⵽Ǯⰲŵģֻɺ϶ѡ
ǮЦ˵ǺǣֻǺͼλһ裬ȺȾƶѣ⬸磬֪λˣ
ԭǮѰһΪǵ㳪СأǮܣզֵһôƯѣ棬ôͷЦ
ǮҲǸӵˣȻҪݣǾ͵ݵıһ㣬ԼһԷ͹ԹԹݣǽ˭Ҳ١
Դͷ⣬Ǯһεı飬ֺõЦ⣬̫ðɣ˵ҵŮˣ⬸磬ܸܲҸأҸƯԸȥ㿴Σ
ȻǮܶô˵ˣӵȻҪģֵܼįúܰ㿴ôأͷǮʵ
ǮһӶͳǮȡһɫëүүǧӣͷͷһЦ⬸磬СС⣬ɾ⡣ʵЩǮҲֻǮЩСĳѰˡ
ͷĵͷǮļ޵ǮǸˣǽ¾ôˡ
ͷⷬǴһ


64 ǿ
ǮϷҲˣϷǮڳһӣЦǳǮ˿ֻǸƨСˣЩվɾһǣǮֵԽǵͼϷʵҲԽǿͬʱҲʫøж
ȻҶ֮⣬˶һݵؿǮ⣬ʫҲԸжлǮܣллˡ
Ǻǣ˵лǾ̫ˣѣǮԵ߾ȫسǮţ˵
ǮܹȻǸ֮ˡ½ٻæ޵
Ҳû˵ʫãҲ˰ɣֵСµҪǮˡ
ѡʫȻ˵ȻѾҶ쳹ʧˡ
Ȼʫⷬ˵ʵҶȻζٿɱѾߵſڣֹվס
ҶͻȻ˵ⷬ˶һòװЩˣһﾹȻȥǣܲ˷ŭ
Ҷ죬أɽغȵ
ղŸŲأΪڳ滹ʫõܿɱǸϡΪҶΪʫ˦ˣԲһʱ嶯Ӣۡ
ͷͣ½ŲҶ쿴ȥЦôС밤Ӳɣ
һλᣬ˵˭ָʹǸɵģȻҶɫ䣬Ҳ纮һӲ
Ҷô˵Ǯɫһ䣬ָ̬ܿɲЩᱻһӸŵ
ЩƢͳ壬ڱҶôһȣȻʲͷתҶ˹ȥ˵Сӣ治Сɫƣǲ֪˭Ǵүˡ˵ţֶ󼸸СܷԸֵǣӣԡ
ĸɱŵҶ˹ȥ
һĻʫûæǮⰧǮܣɡϾҶģҪǳ£ҲѴ̡
ȻǮȴдʵؽڵĶ˰鶼ȥˣԼǴүҪǲԳԿͷԣԺ˴˵ðϡ
µһֻı飬ɺʫһЩҶ쵣ǣϾҶæҶҲ顣
ĸɱغܿҶǰһɫͷļһ˦ŵҶЦʵСӣ￪أҪǲ˵Ļɾˡ
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鷢չֵزʫúɾҲûˡ
ͷ˻ӲֵǣʷɱһĵѾҶϴȥҲĻӵϡ
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ģ˭͵ϮӣͷŴӲ輸ͷҪ͵ϮԼĵˣǿȴһżϮơƿ
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ΧҶǰĸɱŵæԶ㿪
Ҷǰָ΢΢ϹϾ硣ȻүСҲź
𾪣ȫ𾪡
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½ٻһأҲܵҶᱨԼӣʱɾͲǶԸͷǰˡ
޽ƽ𾪣Ҳû飬ϾǲδҶ죬Ҳòŵıʲôġ
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ʫãĻΣܺڸո˵Ҷ첻ԼǾǻѾ˵ڣȻ޷ˣҲֻţϣõҶԭ¡
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Ҷ˰֣ͺ͵ӰЩһʮ㡣
ʱСǿǴͷ죬ϵҶǰһʵ磬һôãҽԺҶ滢үκֵһĻʱСǿҶһ㾴أԸոռЩɱؾҶǰҰͷһ󱩴


65 ι
ͷһҶǰͷϴ磬
Ҷ챳˫ָŴͷʵոֻŮѵģ
ҶⷬʫöʱܳĸоͬʱҲΪԼղǷе
ָ֪ȡһѷĿָŴͷȵֻ֣
ͷŵɫ࣬æͷĵ죬ҲǶµ磬ţŹҰɣԺ󲻣ˡ
Ժ󣿺ߣȻ˵ֶֻˡҶ˵ԲԼŮ˵ִϡ
ͷһæŽָָ￳־ҪȥȴҶ켰ʱסϳȥŪ˵ط
˵ǣˣϳȥֿιָ
˶ųһ亹ʫ֪ҶΪôģﵹЩж
СǰһһֻֽͷӵϼҪͷϳȥҶȴֺֹȵȡ
ͷΪҶˣһȴûϵҶߵǰڴｫոǮǵǮ˳ԼڴһȻڰ֣ʾߡ
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Ҷҡҡͷ˵ϴſˣֻʱûǮѣ
ŴͷԶȥָܿ˼ž
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ĸһȫŵ̯ڵأ綼֣Լ³Ǹҡ
ҶƵߵǸʷɱظǰʵ˵˭ָʹǸɵġ
ҶⷬǮ͵һ˶ûע⵽Լæ͵͵ſǱӡ
ȻҶǲܻģﵽſڣҶְڲ輸ϵһذףݡһǮ˹ȥôǮȡ
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µɻҶΪҪǮʱλʷɱأͻȻָǮ⣬˵ͣǮġ
ôһ˵ҲǰȻЩһǮ⻨ǮģղҶûгȫڵǮҪȻ֣ôܻᱻס
ʫòصͷ֪Լոˡ
һ˫˫߿ĿһǮȥɸߵسȥǮݺ˼ţͬʱﻹպݶĹȻ˱ɵ
ɵȭߣǮµĻҶ˫Ŀ⡣
˾ϳȥȻ˰ɡҶǷһ㣬ĸɱС
ȾָĸСǰ˸˳ȥ
ҶǮ˹ȥҶǻӰǮǿڿһ㣬ɫ԰ףĺԶǹ£ؽŲϣܹӳƬûѣҶĽصĲϡ
ǮⰡǮ⣬ݼ治Ҳ㱻ˡҶ̾һЦֱҪǮĻų
죬磬ң֪ˣţŹҰɡǮɥӢ䣬û뵽ȻôһС
ȷǴˣǴش㲻öҶŮ뷨ҴƿķϣҵҲһ˴ܸܵͷģǲܵͷҵһ飬νծӻծɡ˵ҶЦȻСܷԸ
СǰǮ
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Сǿûкү;ָ飬˺ү׹ԼϴεϷ飬ʱ²ѣ룬ҪǵʱҶҲֶԸĻڡ
Ҷ׼󣬾ָ뿪ˡ
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Χ˶ûɵĿ⿴ǵ˵˼Һϴ󶼹ˣ˵Լǻڵģ
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·򸾻صԼλϺִǰǸ˵Ҷ죬Բ𣬸ղˡ
ҲֻǳżôˡҶЦЦ˵ѾͷҶ컹ǺܿõģȻֱڿ죬ȴܽ
ô˵ԭˣɿĵʵ
Ҷ˫һ̯˵Ȼû㣬̸ԭء
ţ֣ǵ˵Դӵһμ㣬Ҿ֪ǸؿĴˣڿԷĵذʫýˡⷬôҲĸŮ˵ġ
ҶЩðʫɬֵɣ˵ʲôء˵Ż͵͵Ҷ쿴ȥһۣ˿̣òҶѾǳԽĽҶԸĻﻹκε
ʱָ˽һVIPһ˷һţȻȫǺǮһĸ߼VIPȻǮ˵ЩţŻݣô˵ҲǹĴſ˶һܳӡ
Ȼָ͸ҶȻʲô߼VIPˣһŽ𿨣࿨˾ָүͻүһ⣬ҲֻҶһӵУſڶ˻гѣֱǰֱ̨֣п㡣
ָߺѾûʲô鳪裬Ƭ̺ȥ


66 ҹ
Ÿ߼VIPȥǰ̨Ǯȴ֮ϰ彻˰ȫ⣬·˵Ȼٺòˡ
˸սݣָͺүֳææ˹Ӳǽ͵˴ſڷ
֪Ҷû½ٻ޽ƽҪҶȥҶһһлʫҲԹҹΪɣܾ˵Ĵأɺ޽ƽĳǰҶҪʫðȫ͵ҡ
Ŀȥ˳ĽֵƵ
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绰
죬𣿡ʫöһһ㣬Ҷ泩
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ôأ˵ĿɶʵҶ
ðɣҾˣп㡣ʫ˵
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Ҷµ绰Ƭֻ̺Ҷ޷˸绰
ϰ죬Ҷ޷Ž绰
ι찡ô뵽Ϊʦ绰أãòǻ첻ȥҪӻ˰ɣ绰Ҷ޷Ŵ˵仹Ůӵ
ʦ㶼һˣôͲ֪أҶǵ
İɣʦұδϣͣսʮҲû⡣Ҷ˵ŷ椡Oh Yeahиͣˬӡ
Ҳǵ㣬Щ۲ݸеϧҶ
СӣȻô񶾵ĻʦǴ治ˣ¿˵ƨţΪʦûո㳶Ҷ޷ûĺǳ
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찡ʦЩҲΪãĳ̫Ӵ󣬲һ֮ܶԸģ뱨ĻǾͱΪСҶ޷Ȱ
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ţҶ޷˵Уԭнÿٰһִᣬһִڽٰ죬ʱԵȥߣ˳ύһЩʿ;аġ
ִ᣿ʲôʱأҶʵ
ÿִĿĻնũ³ڣص̩ɽʶҶ޷ش
ʱĻҾȥɡҶ˵
ţʦǾϻܼʲôҪ嶯ѣҪǵûʦڱʵڼֲסĻǾͻɡҶ޷˵
ţҶ֣شӦ


67 Ϊ
˵绰ҶؿɳϣԴﲻͣҶ޷ǷΪΪҶףԼĵ˲һˣһӴ
ǸŮǲҲ̶õѪȻ棬Щ޲ҶĶ־صۣĵҶţһ죬ԼὫִĵ𡭡
һȻжȹ
ڶһ磬Ҷ绰Ѿָͺүе˱
磬ôǲʲôҪأָɻʵ
˵ɡҶߵɳǰָͺүҲ¡
ºҶָʵָʲô𣿡
룿ָǣָǺ׵ӡ
ѵһӴ˽𣿡Ҷʵ
ָͺүһۡ
磬Ҳ£Ƕһֱ΢ƽ棬ѪǰͺҲǶһɳֵĻһȻԤпܾܵ˺󣬼ָ֮ѵ
ţү˵ڵľЩңǰշСʮʽϡƹܣҲ֪ȶ֮űǶ֡ǵĵǣſѾʼִ£ǰѪǰҲҶƣ˵ǿϻүĸ첲ˣһһѲ˸ϵ
˼ǣڱʹѪǰǶ˻ԿҶүʵ
ֻڱʹĻ⵹ãѪǰɻҶ˵ҲҴٳ¾ѪǰѾ˳ţ˵Ļ¾Σˡүǵ
Ҷ룬ƽ˵˵˵Ѫǰϴͺϴ󡣡
ѪǰϴǸҰǵļһΪױǣײƣҲһȺѪҰޣƺֳϴǸǸȽϹ¿˼Ҷĳȵ׬˲ǮΪǶˣǶ˽ҲǺܶࡣүϸĽܵ
Ҷ˵ͷʵǺʲô𣿡
Ǻһûʲô󶯾ɽۻү²
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ָһ벻ףڲ֮ǰʮ﷢н飬ΪβҶ﷢нأ
ԭܼ򵥣ʮɣƸӣҪڧףټʮǿûʲôŽа壬н򵥵İ취ǶɾͲͬˣֻᣬԱʮۺҪнǱȻź϶ԣڧİ취ͻˡѡѪǰ£ԭҲԣǶ˻ͺﶼǾ֮ˣҪȻףѪǰҰֻǸẰɱç򣬸ͷʲô¶ɵĳˡҶϸ˵
ָͺү׷׵ͷͬ
Ҷ˻ĺѾˡָҡͷ̾ϢûаӦǿƴС
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Ȼô˵ҾָȻûκ顣ָӦ
ϺҲûϴһսٵ滢үˣүҶҲķڷˡ
ǾôˡºҶֵŻͳһ̲ݻ±һɡ
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ûǾȥշѪǰɡҶⷬ˵ľСҼһɣǶԾָϺ˵ȴһҲĳ־ս
죬磬ھȥ𣿡ָʵ
ǰʲô𣿡Ҷ췴ʵ
ǲҪⶨսƻȻٿʼжأָʵϾ֮սɲСӴս
ԸСòʲôƻҶ˵
ȻҶ춼ô˵ˣָҲٷԣֻҧӦȻֶԺүԸϺڻȥֵܶ
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ͣˣָӶĳˡ
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Ҷƺ˺ү˼ȻһЦ˵Ϻʲô뷨ֻҪסҶûյսһսûʮİգҲȥðա
ǣϺ̻塣үӦ
ˣɡ˵ţҶվͷſȥָͺүϡ
ָͺүһ󱼹ģһλеĶСܡʱڳϳ̣һָ˳ӵͷشš
ڶֻɱصʱҲڳһҶ죬æغһ硣
Ҷ˵ͷȻھָ֮£˺
˶ϳָʵϴǻܲ𣿡
ȥưɡָԸ
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ȥȥôϻϵĺүüѵ
ǣǣûҶ죬æưɿȥ
˵ưѪǰϳǰ컢үǴСư£ȱ첲ˡ
һưɶǰʱʼӪҵ죬ưɱΪѪǰڵĻ
ʱưſż죬һس̣ӣŮ·ᴵڵϷһ
Ще÷ŵʱԶԶһλųȹƯӣ춼۾һ


68 
һͷĨ͵ĹͷаЦ˵ĸȥӵȹҴ200˳ҲµĻ500󡣡
һԾԾԵӣԸµһСļһݡһվͷʾͷ磬
ãˡͷһڴӦ
ǣչжŮӭȥɫߵŮ󣬻ͷŵظŮͷλŮߵֵǰжֵܴ۸
һ˫˫۾ֱضλŮڴŻ֣Ϊ̫רעûв·ͣµһۣԼҶˡ
λŮܿߵ˹ͷ˸ǰҲʧسȥڻ춼ǵɴ۾һգҲգضŮȹӡ
ڻ׼ж֮ʱȻǰľָһˣɫȻ䣬æͷ磬ţָˡ
ͷһ˳ŻĿ⿴ȥȻ˾ָһˣݡһվëԸëϽȥ֪ͨϴ󡣡
ë쵹ʮֻ飬˵ȱưȥҲŵػص˹ͷ
Ҷˣǵߵ˹ͷ˶档
ͷسͷ˿дǸҵ
ָѪǰϵкĿģͷʵ
ߣǰǿϻĸ첲˵أָغȵ
ڶԻ䣬ư½½һȺˣﶼͿ֮ļһһĻָͺү˰Ѻиǿֻŵò
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£һһ׳˳
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Ұǣ㱳ǲųҶ˻ؽ̤ƽѡүȻ˵
˵˺үǶıû뵽ȻҲͷϻһıȻǽˣǾͱˣԹѪǰĽɣҽǶշ֮Ȼú·ġҰ˷ܵ˵ǰָͺүͶ˵ɾֻҪ׽ˣ˻ֵ
ϵܣ¹˭ֻδأδҲ̫˰ɣҶݲȵЦ
Ұ۾һУҶ˳򣬽ʵСӣ˭ҰǺû˵˻Էڵҹѵ֮»治ɫȻǵ֮ٴվھָǰ˵Ǿָĳ·֡
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Сӣͷ֪һѿ˵űҪȥҶԴȴҰ
һˣҰҲ·һ˳Ѫǰڶ·ҰҲ֪Է򵥣ɲƾԷһܶԸԼõùСܣȫûȥǶԷ·
ʱ򣬸ղ߹λŮִҴææ˻ǻҰģǵưſȺŵڵʱﻹȥǵﻹҪУһҲֻܶԶԶȺЩɢ֮ٹȥ
Ұ·ҶҲͬ붼ûȥ룬ϵЦô˵ǲѡҸ·ˣô
Ҷ컰û˵꣬ȴشԭʧ˷ӦʱѾҰǸǰͬʱһֻҰǵĲӣ
Ұ˲ͨ죬ֻյĽŲͣذڶţֻҲİֻסӵ֡
Ѫǰڻȫŵɫףٶȣܲǿ־塣
죬ϴҪȻݣ뿪ͷõָҶ죬ΡΡؾ
ҶһȻһӣҰӴֽƵģ׷Զõھָ˸ǰ
ҰǱŲһߴŴһ߿ţǻȴ˾ָҰǣϴ㿳ϻһ첲Ӿͷһ˫첲
Աϣָͺүһۣүص˵ͷһץҰһֻ֣ȻȭͷͬʱҰֻ첲ؽڴȫȥ
ǣɲĹͷ𣬽űҰҵı첲ؽѾ׷飬κˣҲ첻ֱˡ
Լϴ󱻶ԷŰѪǰСȫۺˡ
ҿǣͷһȾ𿳵Ҷȥ
һĻѾ˵ȻǰҲõùĳ棬ɶҲʮСС֣ǰƺƴ
˵УսľָͺүǵһԷа֮࣬ЩǳֿȭѷҲûκʤ㣬˵ŵˡ
ԶΧ۵ȺҲôĿģǿǸҪСϾҪǧٿˡ
ǽ飬ȴ˴ʧɫ
ڹͷ嵽ҶǰٵµɲǣҶ쳯ŹͷؿѸͻһȭֱӽͷɣţӰһ㻯һӰڵ⽣Ӱ֮дӰ֮Щ춼ܾʯһ㣬׷ײҽ󵹷ɳȥ
˶ˣȻָͺү֪ҶǸڼҸֺ֣ϵʵȻﵽֲľء
ǼѾ޷ϴοүһ֮ŵʮСܵʱоѾݵĲˣ¿Ҷһ٣һǽٸŵĶ֣һ̣мֱйĤݵĳ嶯
ѪǰȺѾҶĽ࣬ߵͬһɣվŵЩҲţеֻŵõһӿ˲ѪȻЩͬǵġ
һӵʱ䣬ȫ̱ڵأҶսһ㣬ս룬һ˫˫ݵĿ˷Ͷ
֣һҶɨһۺȻ˵ͬҲѡһǹ˳˻᣻ǻؼʱ򣬶˻Ѫǰвҵ֮ǰѡ񡣡
˵꣬תžָ˹ȥ
һҲ֪ɵ˻ǴˣȫͣľګվԭأĿһͣƬս֮ϡ
չˣߵָǰҶѵ
ָһŻع
죬磬⣬ֱ̫̫˼ˣ̫˼ˡָͰ͵˵
үҲȺӦǶһԾضҶ죬ﲻͣĭͺһһĿһ㡣
ˣǵĿˮϽ߰ɣȻɵˡ˵ţҶתȥָ˽ϡ
ص۳ϡ


69 
磬ȥ𣿡Щ˷ܵʵ˿̣ŴȥҪֵǺúҫһ˵Լ硢ϴ󡢺үˣֿȭس嵽ѪǰϳȷҰǣսˣһշѪǰһ˵Ǿʮ㣬˵Щ±ӻøƨɺͷ硣
Ҷ룬ʵ֪Ĺ¶Ժ𣿡
֪磬ȥ𣿡ʵ
ţҶͷӦŹ¶Ժȥ
磬ȥ¶Ժʲô𣿡ָɻʵ
һ˽¶ѡҶڻش
ţүСʵ磬Ϻðһ䣬Ϊ״ﵽ˺εȾ磿ָҲͬһسҶ쿴ȥ
ؾǰڡҶûʵش
ҶĴ𰸣ָͺүǵһ
ľƣֻ֮ţֻΪﵽ˵ؾܳǿߣرҶǿߣǽ˼ȳĽ
ãָŽй̾˵УΨŵҮպͷϣʸһˡ
˺𣿡Ҷʵ
ָشǵľΪҲǺϴԣѾﵽ˵ؾرҮգ˵ڼҵӡ
Ҷ˵ͷϾԸĴһһϦ֮£Ҳûмȥ̽¡
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ִ¶ԺҶͽ˴ˡ
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ȻҶдΪԾΪľȻϴͼϵλѧԺԺ̡
ԭҶٺӴ¼Ȼˣô˵Ҳǰкǰȥл̶ѧá
л̲ŤͷҶ죬һ㶣æЦ˵ǸҶѧ֮ԳƺԷѧȫΪԷƺԼΪѧõԵʡ
û뵽̶ѧûǵҡҶЦߵǰͣ˽Ų
ǵȻҼɺءЩ˵
Ǻǣ̶ʲôأҶʵ
ÿնЩӣôСʧȥ˸ĸʵ̫ˡЩڲٳˣĹ¶ǣͬ˵
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һЦգŴ۾ҶʵҶѧʲôأ
Ҷ룬ϹʵʵҲǸ¶һһʧɢãΪ˴õϢôȥˣӦҲˣһ̶ѧһƯϴμ̶ѧõʱһ翴յãԲŻǰڨ
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Ҷôһ˵ۿѾõˮҶѧ㲻Ļ԰ҵá
⣬ҲҶҪĽҪŮԼ̲סϲϵòˡ
̶ѧԸ𣿡Ҷ켤ʵ
ţҲһֱиء˵ͷţĳؽл硣
硭
ҶԺ䲻ͣصţʱƺҲһŮԼ
磬档
ԣҪ档
ҪҲҪ

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磬ôˣɻʵ
ҶعæȥˮЦЦ˵ң̫ˡ
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ţԺ˭۸ãҾͰҶ㵸˵̿ЦЦӺƯԼһ磬Ҷ컹ΪǵЦݶĶ
ǧ˺ܾãҶǣ̾ȻһλǧС㣬үүǲʡھͷ֮һĴؼȨԶҲǺΰĴ
ʡھͷ˿عɡؼšҵżƿ˲ʡʽΪ£˺ҵԲӵ
ĵʱ֣Ҷ̳緹ȴֱ˵мǼƵҿġ
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ոߵſڣһıԣһװӣ̵˾汣Ф
Ф壡ڵϵФæһ˹ȥҶҲæϡ
Ф壬ôФ塣ܵФǰһӡ
ҶǰФ飬ͻȻһСģֻǱ˶ѡ
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㣬ʲôˣΪʲôҪФ壿üʵ
С㣬ӵˣǹӵ֪Сÿջ˵أصطԸǹСȥ͡һƤڵĴߵǰ˵
ܷ𣿡̵üͷøˡ
ҶҲܷ˭һģԼЦǹ˵ķʽͦرģֻǲôϲȥǸʲô¿ӣûȤȥͣԺҪãĻһ¿ӱ¿
ҶⷬǼ󺺾ɫ䣬ҲһǵҶӡ
СӣʲôˣҶҼҹӳԲѷΪ״󺺳ȵڳͳȥȽļһʹһ˵
õĸ磬ҶЦ
ߣʲôˣҼҹӣ뿪Ϊ״ɫ䡣
æҶǰǲҪ
Ϊ״һתЦ˵ֻҪСԹԸߣǾͷŹСӡ
ҲǴˣ֪²Լ𲻴Ӧվǻᱻߣβֱ˵ظߣ˳Ҷ졣
뵽Щ̱ȻӦãҸߡ
ǺǣСȻ֮ͨˡΪ״Ц޵
Ҷȴס̵ĸ첲˵ãַʽȻûġ
磬ĺˣܷ΢΢һЦ˵
ΣҶߵġҶ˵žͽֵЩ˾ͽɡ
磬򲻹ǵġ̽Фϰ֮˶ǶԷĶ֣ɲҶѧܴĹԷ


70 
ãҪûУһʲôʸء˵ţҶĴʵһܽһ
ǸСϽһ١Ϊ״˵ȫûнҶ
ǣ󺺳Ҷ
ҪǰֹȻҶӰȴǰʧţžžžž죬ĸ󺺾Ǳײһ㣬ҽŷʮ׷ء
Щ˶ģټҶƵغܵλǲδȥԿ϶ǣڻȥ·ǵ¸Ѫܲܳŵ죬Ǿ͵ÿǵ컯ˡ
Ҷ֮Գ֮أҲֻǸܷһССľ档
ղǻȥĻɲҪˡҶԶ̱ڵһŻѪһѵ
̿ȥһɵģɷǿɰùϵѶҶ϶ûһѡ
ɵѾͷˡҶ̵Сӡ
գգ۾㶵ʵ磬ǶǱɵģ
ѲɻԼɳȥģҶЦʵ
磬û뵽ô˵á̾ȵ
ǵȻֻɫǧٸҲɼ졣Ҷ̸
ѾӳԾ֮лӯӯЦô˵磬ǱҼ񵽱ˡ
ɲ˸ˡҶǫ˵
һЦ˻ڵϵФǵФû°ɣ
Ҷ˵Фؿڵ£Фʱһӵϱһκ󣬿̣ʵС㣬û°ɣ
ФûءФҲͷ
С㣬㣬ûĸ𣿡Фһɻʵ
˵ĸ𣿡ָָԶϵʵ
ǡФ;˰ޡ
ҸǴ򵹵ġ̽͵
Фע⵽վߵҶ졣
ҽҶ죬̸ϵĸ硣ҶҽܵФ֡
Фһ㶣æֺҶգͬʱм˵ҶǶ㣬ҪȻһȥ޷үӽˡ
Фˣ̶ãҾҲȻġҶЦ
Ҷܺؽ˷ŵҲ֮˰ɣФʵ
ǰɡҶģɵػشһ۱㿴ФҲǸӣΪڻƾӡ
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ҶֻǺǺһЦû
Ҷ첻͸¶ФҲʶȤû׷ʣԶƳһۣ߷ߵ˵û뵽ŵĹԽԽˣȻҶС֡
ţǸܷŵˣոֻԷ˵ܷˣҶ첢ʶܷ𣬻Ϊֻһѡ
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֪Ѿͷҿ㻹ȵԼɣԺſɵСĵ㣬ҲʱˣʵĻǵøҴ绰ҶɫѵϾǸܷԸ񲢲Ǻ˽⣬Ҳ޷϶ԼľܲܶЧ
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٣˼ҶһȨûз֣ɫؿ˽ȥ
ոսţ㱻һذ׸סˣԷݣҶһȡԷȻûмɱԼ˼Ҷ컹ŵһŨŨѪζû´ĻԷӦˣҶ쵹Ҳŷ
λкιأķʽǱĲðҶݲȵЦʵ
˵ϻϽϡһŮЩ˵Եʡ
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˿Էòɲǣͬؾ㣡
ν̤Ьٴȫѹ
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û˵̱꣬һѣ
ҶæǰסƲᣬҪٲƵĻ»Σա˵Ҷ㱧̱첽ɳȥһһ߰ţʲô˽˵ôأôҲһѵصɱ֣һҲܽ˵˵ز
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Ҷһץס˳̱֣ذ׶£һȻ˵Ļ͹Թű𶯡
㣬ңҾҧԾ̱˵ҶҲ˵ĳĵġ
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Ŧ۽⿪󣬳̱ǻ𱬵ҲȫչҶǰںڳأ̱ͣţɰҶ쿴ÿڸ
̱ﴭŴѾû˵ûˣ˿ǲ԰ֽȴǸһ˿Ρ
Ҷܿع̱˿ڼһ飬ʮԵĵˣ˿λϸ׳Һû˼ࡣ


71 
ȷƺҶѸپ֣ڳ̱㼸£סѪ̱֣˰
٣ͨ˵ĻͳѪݿˣ뾡ҺСҶ˵ţһ˼ܿ뵽ȻѾͷæȡֻȻȥ˵绰
Ҷҽʲô𣿡Ҷĵ绰ȻԵúܿġ
ҽԺ𣿡Ҷֱʵ
ţȻش
ϴ1ĵƽҺ1ƿѩŨ400ŨϸٴЩߣͱСЩֱʽԺñǣ˵Ҫģ˴ҵ绰ҶһԸ
ҶⷬżӣȻҲûٶʣӦһ͹˵绰
ʱ̱ѾԣҲ΢ԵʮΣȥҪ˶ñΪȱ˥ߡ
ٲƵĻ²ȻѾˡҶɫص˵ֻ̱Ǹͨ˵ĻҶԥά̱ɾˡǰԣԭӦþۼڵҲɢҴʧ״̬״עĻȻܵĵֿһͻΪսصĻ˼ࡣ
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ֻǣҪ뵤ɲһ׵£ΪԶڳ̱֮ϣҶҲῼǵּ˵İ취
ڶ֮ǰҶȥϴּһëС̱ȥСϵѪ
ѪղҶȻ̱һʮ׳˰̣Ƕôصˡ
ôƯʲôãǵҪɱɱĹأ˰̣ٿ̱ӣҶ̲ϧ
ٵ飬Ͻע̱ڡ
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Ҷȡһö룬̱˿ڸֱӴ븹ǻУע뻺תš
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ʱԱ߻վһλŽ»ߣŹιʳģϡȴǺ׷ͯգȡ
һŹӵݵߣһֻͻȻ˵ˣ
䣬һ˳̨׿첽̵˾Ф
߽ͤФ΢΢߽еүӡȻλǴؼŵȨԶ
ҴææʲôأԶͷҲأ͵ؿʵ
̶Сȥ¶Ժʱ˵⡣Фش
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̶СѾȫˡФ˵
Զ˿ʵ׷ʲô£
ĸҪЮ̶С㡣Фʵ
Զǰ͵һңȻ˵һţȻҶԶŮ˼
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Զ˵ͷ˵ҮСһɫƣΪԶ۸ˡ
үӣ¾ףǺڵһֶΣټкҵڱ֧֣ҪӲӲĻȻԴФѵ
Զŭ侲Щ


72 
Фֽ˵ΪҪԸŵĻӦȶԸҵܹ˿عɵĻӦûȽϺð졣
Զҡҡͷ˵ΰǼһһڹף͹ֳԽ֪ŲɵǹײԴɰݵԼ⣬ִҵս
Фϸһ룬ͷʾͬ
Ƭ̺Զ̾˿˵¾Ҹһɣҿ̶ҪȻɾ鷳ˡ
˵ʵ̶СĲ£һҶˡФ˵
Ŷϸ˵˵Զ
ŹĸˣҶֲңºûоͱˣʱǸҶѾԷ˴ڵءФ
˵˵ֿɲ򵥡Զµ˵
Ӧˣ˵Լ̶Сϵĸ硣Фֵ
֣ݱӦò򵥣̶ܺ˽ύҲǼ£ȥе˵ݣȻ㱨ԶԸ
ǣ¾ȸˡФӦһ󣬱ȥ
ȥпǲðˡԶֶԶɫ쳣ء
ʱ֣̱˹
ҪٲҿҪûˡɳŶȣʵҶĵ˵
̱һʶʲôæ̧ͷԼӿȥϴ·˿ɫͽȻ䣬ΪԼϵ¿㶼ˡ
һ·̱ҶĸоɢŨɱ
ǰһȫ˸飬˳㻹һѣȻǵʮ㡣Ҷ־ͷҲ̧ĵЦ
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¥ȻһĻæ¥ݣ̱ܵǰǵʵ̱û°ɣ̱һŭضҶ죬æ͵̱㣬Ұ㻻·
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̱Ҷ쿴˿ɫ临ӡ
˿ڻûϣϢɣȥȡȻ˵űų̱ɳ¡
лл㡣̱м
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̱Ҷ죬ɫЩŵʵ㣬ʲôأ
һɱּԾȻôϴβǸ˵ҽҶ졣ҶƲ˵
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ʲôֲɱ֣ȡʲô֣һ˧ҶЦػش
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һ̣̱Ժ̲ˣʮһθִѪȾµؼǵǴεĿֽ֣꣬˸֣ңȡ
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Ϊ޹ȡǿŸոշֵĸʴ裬к
ʴ輴ǶҩҲǽҩ֯ɱֵֶΡη¸ʴ裬״ֹ̬ͣ״̬ʮСʱȻѡѺ֮ǰὥɥʧÿһŸʴ裬ҪȻھ綾ḯʴԣʴֱܾ࣬ĥ
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һֱ̱ԼΪЩɣΪʴĶܽ⣬Скʱһ٣һҲȻܾĥ
֪ǣԼʱʴ֮٣ȴ˽Ҷߡ
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Ҷôһ˵̱ҲԼɱּܣҶĵؾΪһȷʵӦ֯ٴɱ֡
ˣҲŶ˵ôˡ˵ţҶڣȹ⣬¿ӣ˵ҵȥѧˣȻã鷳չˡ
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ȼŮԶԶţһɼԷ˶أȴֲǰȰ衣


73 
Ҷǰʵ׷ʲôأ
Ҷ죬æѵҶϿܣЩ˶ǳġ
ô˵Ҷ쵹£һǵûеͷܣյسȺ˹ȥ
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ʱԶԬҲѾע⵽Ҷ죬ɤԶԶλǸڰϺð⹧ʱء
ҶƹԬ˹ȥͬʱЦԭԬϵܰһʹôһӹӭӴ磬ָжȻô飬ҲӦʾа
ҶֵشݲȣỹǣԼûʲôܰæģҲֻվŸż
ΧֵѧԽԽ࣬ܿͿһлˡ
ھԬԶʱҶͣ˽ŲԬһ֣ǰﹷ̱ǻسҶ죬ʵʵΧƵġ
ҶģСӹ治СȻϸ翴ϵŮҲϸصطԸҴЩֵúź㣬֪ҽԺѧ˭ϴ󡣡Ԭ˫ֱأһ˵
ȥҺúллϸ磬˳ҶҽѧԺĴ磬ʶ㣬֫ȫҶ쵭Ȼ˵
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ҶȻһЦ˵ɱʴȶˣҪºүүҶ͸
һ첲ҪˡԬһʹ̵ľݺݵش򣡡
ΧҶΧЩȭͷųҶȥ
ᵽɤۣڵϴŴĽܵҲҶ쵣Ϊ֪Ҷ³ǲҰٱ
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žѪĽ
ҶٽԬԴʱѾһ࣬ѱ档

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һĻֱǴĿģ˵Ⱥ̣ԶΧ۵ѧɫ䣬ЩŮۼ߻˸Żľٶ
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ǰԬٿԶǽȻڳ鴤ŻѪͬ飬ЩﻹеȥսҶħ
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Ȼ˶ҶⷬЩԲѣ⽭ѧ¾ͺñǸй٣˵ģûһġ
ǲײĲˡīһժִӿ㶵ͳֻһֱӰ˳ȥ
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ȻҲ׺ǣ˿ǰҶ죬ΪȻ˵ǸҶѧ


74 ħ
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ոĽ˻ʲô˼Ȼʵ
ϻشһͷСϰʦڵĽôֵܹҪԸʲôأһ˵ţһĿ
һۣȻһɨȻΧЩ꣬ϵϸոǷȻҲ֪ϽЩˣΪ˶ԸҶ졣
ϣҸҶûκιϵ㷸Ŷ֡˵
ҿСӵİɣ¶һ˿֮ɫ˵ŤͷԺ췢˵磬ҪԸСֲò飬ֻҪУھǱѾźˡ
УǴҾֻһ췢һЦ˵ֳһۣȻתҡڵ߿
ɲҪ̫ˡü
֣ߣҵϵĴûк³ԽҶ˵ϾԽ
ʱһѵϸ磬ҶСӳˡ
ŤͷУڿȥȻҶͷ˵Ц
һĻܾЩζǳûЦСӿǲһĻİ
ĲĸûйϵƿĿ⣬˵
ǴðɲҪˡЦ
û˵
ʱҶѾЦǺǵӭӴⲻôڹˣ˵䣬ҶֳƳһۣȻʶֳҲܲ³֡
սսظҶûҿ
ƳһۣĶҶ˵ϹУҿɲš
У˽ٽСҶ첻ΪȻЦ
ʱϿʵҶɣ
ûô𣿡˵ţҶֽ´һȦЦ˵Ȼ㳤˵㣬ְ˵㣬ҲôҪԸ¿ͷһǿǿСܵġ
һĻɢУЩ궼׷Χ
۽Ǽһջ𣬵δŷ쭣һЦ˵СӻǸĴܲܿϧϾҪûŮˡ
ôһ˵ʱϣ̫ˣҸûκιϵô˵ҶİΣֱӰ쵽Լĸ׵ƣȻԹۡ
һߣֽ̽Ц㼱ʲôУء
ҶɱһüͷһЦСӣҳԣɲ˵ӲŮˣܱջҪǲţѿӰӱ֤ˬ໽С
Χ͵ЦĻǰ̾
Сǲ֪Ͻôˣôš
ǰʲô˲ǣȻϡ
ԭĺھͽôϵˣСӿµȱ첲ˡ
ЩʶҶѧǷ׷Ҷе
Ҷⷬǽϸ׼ŭˣݺ˵Сúܲҵġ
ֳĻҩζԽԽŨأЩϴʮѽҶһһΧ
ܾΧ۵ѧУſѾµˮйͨУĽֵΧ˿ֵѧ
ߵ·ϣͣţһɫ󱼣ˣССǿүָ
ģЩӶ鶼ˡɫ󱼵ĸϣСǿЩյ˵˵Ťͷľָͺүϴȥ
ţָͷ
Сǿ򿪳˳


75 
ӵĳСǿܿЩֵѧȦ⡣
ÿÿСǿû߳ţͬʱ˫³çذǿӵȺ
Щ³ƿѧһõСǿȥȻǿСǿһװ˵Ŀʱǽߵ໰ǿȥ
Сǿһ㣬ƲɵسȺΧȦС
ȻǴˣЩӾͰ֡ǰһȺѧͼ꣬СǿһֹҪתȥָ㱨ɾת֮ʣȴƳһϤӰ
ţСǿЩתͷȺжһԽӽϰļһ˱ЩΧмҶ졣
ⲻСǿЩĽֳɨһȦܿע⵽Ǹ췢죬ٴֳ϶ЩһǳҶȥġ
ģˡСǿŭһ󲽱㳯Ⱥ˳ȥͬʱﻹӣĲͷǰɣ
˶ŤͷСǿ˹Ǻ췢ԭȻЩŭһ߾Ƕǿ磬ϼ͵һæͷӭǰȥЦǿ磬ŭǲµģֻǹһֵܶԸУģǾˡ
ֻǶضεһС죬ƽʱֺУۼЩûĻСЩձѵĹһֱʵʵشڽ˴ֱʣǻ治ð˵¡
ԭΪֻҪսپˣ㶫˻֪ˣҲΪС֪ôȻûͱ˸ˡ
ȺͷᶼǴһΪʶǿ磬֪Ҷǵþˡ
ȫҸССǿŭţȭͷҲѾ˳Ƴűȥ
أĵ˼ˤ˸ƨɿ
༸첢ʶСǿһԷָǴӣϴʮҲˣϾԷԺҲֻǹһ˶ѡ
ۿŴսһȻſڵصıȴֻŻææϵҲ˲ã͹͹ƵСǿǰǿ磬С֪ˣСߣҪƽϡʵҲͦģô˵ԼҲʮ˵Ĵ磬Сǰֵ˵ͼҲǶˡ
Ƿŵǰһӣӻ˱ϥΪѪǰҰôһ˿飬ôҲСǿּСͷĿ¹ϴѾ䣬Ѫǰﱻ˸շˣζڽã˺ܻܿͳһһ˵СǿǶһСܣҲ׵
һĻԭļһǷ׷׽սΪǶѾʶǰ˵ﲻ
ȻǺܲĵģ˴ëүү뱪ӵ˹ϷҪͻȻĳݲǿ磬űӾ͹ƵĹ˵ϡ
Χ۵ѧǿɶˣ֪ıQǿ絽ǺηʥȻҵŶԷô˵֣ȻȴֵҲû
۳
Сǿһôȥô˻үǼ
ҲȥɣѾԶֱ߹ȥˡָ˵
ү˵ͷ˱˳һڳ
ȺУСǿؿȥһţݺ˵ߣ軹ߣ첻¸첲Ƚţ㱪߳Ҷ˵ĵ̡
ٴα߷ɣغؿһԣɫһƬ֪࣬ԸˣɽĵǣԼֻ˵ϴˣôҪ㲻棬Ǵ˾ƴһ
ڱзߺ޵ʱСǿȴתҶ˹ȥ
СǿЩϵΪԷҪǳ֣Ƿ׷׵ӵ˿֪Էȥġ
硣ߵҶǰСǿ΢΢ϹϾؽе
ɲǼ䣬ֳѻȸž˴Լ룬һƬȻ
֮ǰݵǿ磬¾Ȼ˹ĳƺѧΪ硱ʵ̫˼ˡ
һﵽʲô
òλĶӰɣ
ϵˡ
˵ҽѧԺϴҪ˰ɣ
ͦ˧ģ֪ĸġ
˰ɣû˼ŮǸҽѧԺԺ

һʱ֮˵硣ֳ쳣Ծ
ϵıӶʱҪ֪ϽԸΣǸǧٱļǮҲҽӡ
ҲʶҶݲ򵥣ǲǰ㾪ţϾҲ˵ġ
ҶֵСǿϷЦʵСǿСô⣿òÿʱ㶼УſڿŮɣ
СǿĨ˰Ѻ͵磬ָͺүҪȥأ·ڶµûţҾ³֪̽̽Ȼ㡣˵Сǿ͵һԴŵˣָͺүڵأҵøϽȥǻ㱨һ
СǿתԾ˺үû㱨ˣСӣôûǻΪ㵹ĸŮʯȹˡүЦ˵
һϵıӶʱһٿȺ첽ľָͺүɫֱﻹѿ
ⲻǶ˻ľָϴͺүΧ۵ȺмʶȽϹѾϳ˵ݣһʮʮ٣˲֮㴫˶С
˵ǰ춫˻ѾշѪǰ
ⶫ˻ܿܳưˡ

žָͺүˣΧǷ׷¶˳ݺ;η񣬶ŮǶЩηӡ
ЩĿע֮£ָͺү첽ߵҶǰҲСǿ֮ǰһҶ캰硣
һ˲䣬ΧһƬ
Ȼ˻ľָϴҲ磬Сӵʲôͷ
òǿӰɣ
ܣСӿѧУѧ
ɳ˽⣬ĸ˻أ

ָĲȺﴫ˿ڳҽѧԺѧǶʶһ㣺ҽѧԺϴҪˡ
ϻҲһ㣬֪Լ˲õˣҲвٿɽ⼴ͳһĶ˻ᣬЩɽԵЩסˣЩҲ¶˾֮ɫЩСѾȿ
ӴǰŵǳҲֻǲĽͷƦӣ۸Ƶе㱾£ĺ磬ﻹа
Ҷ첻ڴ˷ʱ䣬ǱԾָԸͽǴˣͷÿͷѣòĻͶֽš˵ţָָϣǸһַˡ
ѧǶһľϸͷ麹
ǣָӦ
ҶһۣȻתȥ
ҶȺԾóһͨ
һ˫˫ݵĿ£Ҷ߳Ⱥűȥ


76 ʳ
ҶߺСǿǱӴӵһүߵϸǰЦСӣɵóԿͷΪүĻܸһɭĸо˲㤡
һ뵽ҪֽţЩﻹվסţȫһ̵ӽȺΨһ˴ԭأ˫ŲͣţɫҲֽһ԰ס
߰ɡүСǿ˰֡
Сǿǰÿеץסϵĸ첲һץһŴȥ
ǰүЩ꾯ǼҪٸ̤Ҷ˵̣ӲǵĹӡ
ָһߺҲûֿˣѧ׷ɢȥӵµĽֵҲָͨ
ڶϣҶһ߽Уţ·ϵѧ̸ѧʱУſڷ顣֪ǣһ֮䣬Ѿ쳹ѧ
ҽѧԺѧʱҶ컹·ѧĿȻֺͬ齻ͷӶСʲôЩŮǵİĿ⣬ǵĳУҶ̵ʶԼѾǸˣȻǷͬա
ҶɲǸǫԼǺ͵ͦţҡڵǰȥΪһɹˣõ͵ʱ͵õ͵ʱͱҫ
һ·ңһ㣬ʺ
Ҷذڰ֣к緶
ºȦ׵ĽЦǺǵӭ˵磬ղвͶ㿴ǲҪ齨ʲôɲźã
ҲͶյȫձǣ¾ͽˡҶڷԸ齨֮д㣬׼շᣬͳһ֮ǡ
ǣĽܹӦ
صλúҶǱķ
һҶ⽭ен˽ĲˣĿǰΪֹӦֻܶԼΣյĵˣǱŵҮպͷϣ˵ʵΣҶҲûס
ȻлŲٲȷأͱǰҽԺſԼߣǿ϶쾳ҵǣԼûе⡣ʱ˵ǷҶºҲǹرἰĴӦһʮйʦţҶûԵ
ڿûжٳԴ̤ؾںΪɳٶȾţһ㣬粽ơ
ҲǣҪǵؾôĻǿ߷ˣʦ˵ӵؾǰͻƵھ꣬ԼȻʦһЩʱ仹Ҫġ


4ڵ¿𣬽̨ϵ긾Ů¿κ󣬾Ž̿Ťŷγſȥ
λʦʲôʲôҶȫȻ֪һֱϿγ˺ͷᳶʱ䶼ǳ֮СѧʦԲ֮⣬һ㶼ôץɣǶʽÿ쵽ָĽ̿飬Ȼƨˣѧ¡
긾Ůոմǰ߳ű㴫һĽл磡
ৡŤͷſȥһվŵŮֱ̫ɰˡ
ҶרҵåȻںЩһС֣һ룬ԴQһӰ̡
ŤͷȥȻѾͷ
ãôˣҶæЦǺǵӭȥＸǿ۲ЩУôҶ쳶ϹϵأϴεţεĿɰֽãǷ׷ۺ죬̫̾ƽ
һ˫˫ĽĿ£Ҷǰ
磬صعһԷءǵҶ֣ҲѾͷѰҶ쵱׸翴ˡ
˾ֹ˰޵ĶˣҲ̫۸˲ǡ
ҪҳԷȴ绰ͺﻹܹءҶ˵
ûΣҾƵعˡϹЦлôһ˿ǸĺƵġ
ԭǺǣϴԣθԣȥģܿڡҶЦЦ˵
Ҳûֱ˵绹пأѧУʳԾͿˡ
Ҷ룬˵Ǻðɣ˵ʳõĲ㻹ͦϵεģȥǰɡ
磬һ¥ԿҲûϵء̲ҶǮԱǵ
ͷĺˣеǮ߰ɡҶ˵˵ű̳¥ݿȥ
˿ǳ緹ʱ䣬ҽѧԺͨʳõĵ·ӵ
ҶţǾǸ۵ľͷ
ҶѾŮǵĿǼϡ
ǲҽѧԺѧԴ󲿷˶ʶ˿ͻȻĳǰЩΨ²ҵѧ˵ȻǼš
֣޼ţӶ쿴ˣĽĽһ֪֮ͦģҲֻ֪ҶʵˣʸռУŮ
磬ʱ𣿡̿ҶʵΪĿѾϰΪ
գأôȥ¶Ժ𣿡Ҷʵ
ǵģǽѧͲϴѧ֮һⳡУѧԺϾٰÿһȵһܾʵġһڴ˵
û뵽ôѾͷҲϲֵ¡ҶЩ˵
ʵҶ򲢲ֻǺͰＸŮԼҪȥѧУӡ̽͵
ȻͬѧԼˣӦøһȥǡҶɻ
ģȥѧУٰ죬Խͻڲϴѧٰ죬ܷǲϴѧѧҵϴ»ٴηԲҪһȥǵѵ˵ܷڲϴѧͦģ磬ҪҲûյĻҾͲȥˡ
һȺѧûʲôˣȻôȥȥɣϻأҶʵ
磬ʱҸ绰Цӯӯ˵
ãҶڴӦ
һ·ģ˺ܿԺʳá
ʳ¥һϵεľƵ꣬ˮƽͷǡǼľƵ꣬ϴδǸɳǧǮҶҲûǮﵽѡ
˵ò˺󣬱졣
ĵҶͻȻһϤӰſ˽ʱϻһ
һͷĻʵòҲȥʱһڵĺ˵ʲôǰͷ
Ը뵽һԷֻ֣һ֣øеڶ֣һݱȽԺյ
ǰһͷظһ͹Ƶ¼ͣԱԽһųҲ˵һӦò򵥡


77 
û뵽ո˸ϣȴ˸ҪļһҶһЦҲǺ֪һڵѧԺϴڡ
ھҶ첻Զһſո£ҶĿ⣬ŤͷȥһȣٿҶʱɫʱ˼֣иǰߣǱѸġ
磬òǿǸŮ˰ɣҶһֱ͵Ц
ɵѾͷңûղ𣿡Ҷ־õ˵
磬̫ˣոշ㷭ۡЦػ֦չ
Էĵôģð޲ץϵĲ豭ҶԴȥ
ʱ˵ڽӹ˵һЦ˵ϲʲô˾ܵ㡣
ԭûʲôڳԷֿǳ棬һθҲûˡ
ߣ˭һʲô£ٹ˶ãͳ˿ϵˡҰοţΪ֤ԼľģŬסڵֽӹ˵װһĵӣЦҿɾͲˡ
¶Цһ͵֣ΪԼλɽˣǱڳΪЦ˵òŸҿֻҪԸ⣬ڵһжġ
ⷬЩģŬװһݵ˵ҿܳˡô˵ԭֻһҶ죬֪ȴʵ䷴
Ҷʲôˣĸеĸ֣С˼һ۱㿴ˡ
ǼװĸЦģҶĲˮΪ˸ѾͷһرЩȽϰĻ⣬̻š
ԷȻȫԼһŮôģ
ʱֳûʵʱ𣿡
Ϊ˶ԸҶ죬ɾͻȥˣЦǺǵػشûŶ
һֿˣȻԷ˵ʱ䣬ǲԸԼԼ
ôԸԸȥӰأѹżһڴʵ
һᣬɤӦȻˡ˵ż䣬һֱעҶ죬뿴ԼӦʲôӦ֪ԷȻһʾҲûУԾԹԵ椡
ȻѾ֪ԷҶȻûʲôóԴ׵ģѾͷԼôļԼô˵ҲеС
Ѿͷ㣬㿴СèƵģ߶͡˵䣬Ҷ컹γһŲͽֹֽǵ̲ȥǵա
ԼҲأ˵ҡ̵ŲͽֽҲҶ˲죬̵Ҷ쵱˶Դ˿ȫһеС¡
ԭһСԼ¿ĳﻹ̵סȻ㽫Ĳ˵͵һģȻһſȥ
ͻأֹɰڸһոջЦǺǵģôתۼͷأƣһҴվ
뿪λʱ俴̣ٿҶ죬ڵüͷʱһ壬һﲻǸҶѵǿСӲߵģСôһģòСӶСҲ˼˰ɣþ콫֪ͨڹӲС뵽תſ׷ȥ
ȥҶͻȻЩĲ̣ϸһ룬ԼȷʵЩˡ
̳Թ緹ҶѧУһȦڲҪϿεʱŻصҡ
ѧԺѧۼѧԺЩ˴󲿷ֶǱͶרҵġ
ʱľùרҵ࣬ڴҴææӺų˽
ǵһλǰִԱߵĿλ
ʲôأ㼱ġŲطе飬ͷҲ̧ʵ
ڹӣҸոճԷʱ򿴵ʲôŹʵеڹӣǽ֮һڡ
ڼǿģĸǾѧңүүǲϾǰ˾ݣӰǴڵģı֧š
̶ǸҶһԷ԰ɣƲµ侲ģ·һж֮һ㡣
㣬ô֪ģһȵʵʳڣԼʵЩˣڵѧУһз紵ݶҲܵһʱõϢҪ֪ڵĹӰǽѧӴ֯鲼ѧԺҳҽѧԺѧԺ֮⣬ѧԺϴȫ˳
ר־ؿ飬û˷ѿشû˿Ӫ⡣
ڹӣҪҴȥСӺݺݽѵһ١ӧҶ֮ĴţҲ˵һ⸱ΪȻӣļ
벽ϵĺ𣿡侲ʵ
⡭һһĻڶʱû˵ʱֳԹۣȻҲ˶˾ָƺҶһĻЩٶŲСĿɽһ㶼ܼɻȥЩ֯ر˻ͳһ꣬ǰ޵Ĵ
һڲĵѲɾСӿȥ𣿡
ȹ۲˵ɣѾȥ̽ҶͶ֮ĹϵԼҶ˵ݱȽɡ˹˵
Ȼڶô˵ˣҲ˵ʲôֻǿнͷǹŭѹһѹ߷˵ߣǾСٿɡ˵ţڹӣȻȥˡ
΢΢˵ͷȥ⿴ȥü֮䷺һ˿ɫ
죬ƽ˾
ڶ˻̲Ѫǰ֮£ǱûκζҶԤϵһ㣬ԹԽˡ
ʵȷе˵ǳڶ˻ᣬ˻һҶ졣
ĵ飬ȻûܲҶĵϸȴǲΰĻ֮Ĺϵ˵ؼŵĴСҲнӴλؼҴСûʲô̫Ľ飬ֻҪ˿عڱҪԿŻǴаյģҲǺ˳ҶҪԭ
壬峿ʱֻ֣
Щֳһ㶼ϵ⣬ֻΪ˻ܲڣ첻ʱǶ˻ڵĻ
Ȼһ磬˻ֵǱڻſųӣŶм仹һ̺һֱ·ſڣӭŹһ㡣
ʱһɫ·ͣһˣΰġ
ΰҶģſ¡صʽʱȻЩ󣬲̤˺̺
ϺáжСܾǹʺ򣬿ɰΰһϾǼˣƬ̳Ծָ̬ݲȵŻſȥ


78 
սűһλװĴӭСǿΪҪӼλԺүصطԸʽһЩװģġ
СǿƣȻΰȥ
ΰʲôҲûʣСǿݣһֱϵ¥ȻСǿĴһĻҡ
սңΰı㿴һϤӰԣ֪ҶҲԣЩ⡣
Դ˿ҲһͷˮӵҶĵ绰룬Խһ͸˹ɵҵʱȴ˾ָүˣ˶ǺĴ磬⹫־ֳȫĴڣΪ˸ǻޣԱ˸
ΰĽָү˷׷ǰк˵ƽʱôЩڵ򽻵ΰĻһһӦ˴кתȥ
ϵܣҲǱģΰԱ£ʵ
ǰӵʦ룬һ͸˹֪ȴЩˡЩ˵˵
ҲǱİɣҲ֪«ʲôҩΰһ˵
ʱҶͷ˽
ָүǰк
ǺһκҶ棬Ȼ֪ҶǸСӣ˿һ̲ס̾Ǿָͺүغ磬治ǰСǸһа٣һٽѪǰҶ졣
ҶΰĺҲк
ԳƺҶΪʦָ˶һԾҶǽ͹Ҳ׹ˡ
Ҷ°ɡҶк£ԼҲ˸λã
ºҶΰĺԿȥ˵ԣҽ˹Щǰæ
ʦʲô㾡˵ˣֻҪܰϵģҶΪ˵
ǰòż⣬ʲô¾ܿھˡΰҲ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȻɨһۣ˵Ķˣԣ̸Ȼе¡˵ֳԿȥʵԣʲô
ţԳΰĶһۣ˵֯ڽдѾãϴŹ˾ţȴźڵ⣬쵼ߵĺܽҪǽǲܵġ
е»ÿеİ취Ҷ˵
ʦ˼ԿţüͷʵΰҲͬһԾ
ûҶ򵥵ػش
죬ڽô꣬Ѿǳι̣ҪԸǿ²ôסΰѵ
ԣҪƶһԶսƻҳ㣬ʲôĻڿԽŰ⵹ҶǽЦһ㣬˵ĺɣ˶ȴǰĳء
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ģһսòų棬ֻҪһССæͿˣʲôæҴ˵ġҶ˵
԰ĵĵ˵ͷ
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ҶЦЦ˵ȻһͬǾôɡ
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ȷʵˣֻ־ֳǱߵˣǿ²ү˵
ҲǵĹֳҶԿȥ
ȻҶ˼һǵ˵ʦгεˣóȻǲ̫ʡ
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ҪԼˮȷʵףҪһѵĻǾһˡҶЦѵֵȻλֳϲȻǸɫ֮ͽҪһΪֳԸСӰ˵ʲôЧأ
˶ǻЦ


79 ƻ
磬ѪǰþһרɫСӰĵӰӹ˾ĥҪҪرգû뵽óү˵
ȻֳɵģǾٺòˣϺ¾ͽﾡȥ졣ҶԸ
ǣүӦ
Щ˶Ƕ־ӣΰҲԾԾԵʵ죬ʲôҪ𣿡
Һ;ָϸоһ֪֮˲кܴԭɺҵ֧ţҪԿŵĻҲһͺҵһĽھͷ֧ţҪȻʮԸ⽵ǣȻҪǲҲǿġҶ֮˵ôɣΪΰľܾȥ£ؼţϴ̳֮£ضţҪ£ǣϣǺܴġ
ΰȴû˿ԥĴӦ죬ѽԹۣʽ㾡ܿڱǣҿֻʣǮˡ
ҶҡҡͷЦʽһ⣬ڽֻҪҷʮ̸֮ʱʾ֧֣£͵ְ֮ɡ
˶ͷʾͬʱ򣬺˵ļƻȷʵҺһҪģ©ˡ
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ҪŶԿô˵ҲиŲС˵
үͬԼǣ֯ȷʵΪؼġ
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۰սЩѧǱȲ϶֮ĺڵȴҲԼƣ⽭ѧΪѧԺںܴһѧбĹٶܽЩݱĻǿһɼֲԶȶЩڵӰ
ҶѧУŻϸ˽⣬ѧʮѧԺÿѧԺһλϴʮѧԺУѧԺԼڵҽѧԺ⣬ʮѧԺȻȫ˳һӰ
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Ҫڳһ£ԣҶ첢ûмŶ֣ǴȽѧԺϴŽɸ㶨
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߽ҽԺţ㿴ݿվһλĻ𱬵Ůӣźɫ߸Ьɫ˿࣬ɫСȹɫгһͷںڵĳһڱ
ΪŮŵţҶδܿƾ޳ĴȣβϸԵˡ
Ҷ˿ĭǻģ绨Ҳֵһˡ
뵽Ҷ󲽳Ůȥ
ߵŮ󣬵ô򿪣Ů߽ݣҶҲ첽˽ȥ
Ůת֮ʣҶڿһ֮ȴһʧ
Ƕ飿ʧʧҶ컹ЦӯӯĺŮӴкûŮΰĵ飬ҦΰԣŮз֮ҲҶʧԭ
ҦҶһȦƯĴ۾һʵ㣬ѵҶ
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Ҷ׼׷ʵʱ򣬵ݶһͣ£š
ˡҦҴææ߳˵ݣ߽һˡ
Ҷʧ̾˿


80 ܾ
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Ժʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ģһλѵĶȾ󼲾β»Ҷҽæɭ˵
ʲôأҽԺû취Ҷʵ
٣˵ɭԿҶС˵
Ǹɴȥ̩Ե¡ҶЦ
ɭĨĨЦ˵λѽͷҶҽء
Լ뽭ɭȻ̸ʲô飬˼ҺôҲԼСæҶͷӦǺðɣĸι֮ٴȥɡ
ããǽĳлҶҽˡɭԿĵ
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㲻죬㳤ôƯȥĻһӦġܾץס˾һ㣬ڴؿŶҦ
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ջҾͲĸܽסջ򡣡ΪԼ°뱲ӵԸѾȥˣνɽڣûգڻŮ˾ͺñľֻҪԼǸɽܹҲŮ
ⷬҦǳˣ˵ҪҴӦҲԣ
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һ㶣ܿҧӦãֻҪκãҾʹӦ顣
Ҧû˵ʲôת㳯ſȥûʲôĵģ۽ǻǻˮ


81 
ݺҶǻصʮ¥ȥ˿үһڵĵ󣬻үѾתܱ࣬ԳԺˡ
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ĸŮƺôҶ죬лͷŪԼǸոϵָҶƳһۣȻתͷЦ簡һֱҸһۣɼôæ˼ţѵǽȥºúġ̬첢δǴŮףǸġ


82 
Ϭ۾Ȼһ۾ͿĸŮ˼ҲûмҶ˵Ǵ㵽˲ϸ˵
ðɣλѾˣֻΪʱԤѾֻ꣬ίڴｫˡԴǸ˵
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⣬Ա˵ҰǰϵĵܵܣŮо֮ҿ׵ܵܿġ
˵ֻⷬҶӣ뷨ͲͬģȻ϶ԷܵܣֻΪԷŮо֮մ˵Էļҵײδ俼֮Уû׼Ǹ˼ҺҲ˵
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ϵԷһ⣬Ҳ˶ԲߣȽϸӣҵܵܣԻ޺һУֻҪԸ޹ǾԲίġ
ô˵λҶӦûʲôҵˡȻԶԷļҵױ̸ܶȻ˵Էļҵϲ̨棬˵ϵҲĲ򵥵±⣬ҪһҲĽôҲܱ
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Ҷô˵ϽʹɫʾҪ˵
˾Щˣһۣ磬ô˵ҸҲЩ飬㾹Ȼܸ¶ŮҲ̫˰ɣ
ɫÿЦ͵ȻûʲôͥȴǸвŻˡ
˵ҽĲŻ𣿡Ӳʵ
ǰȻᣬҽȴȻպ󶨵ΪҶ
һЩõҲò˵ûһҽʲôΪ
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ҶԱʱ򣬲ͻȻѵһײ죬űһ󾪺к
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ԷĶЩǮˣЩ໥֮ûʲô飬ҲѾˡ
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㻹ŸϿ첦򼱾ȵ绰ȵ
ǣþӦһѸȡֻĴȥ绰ָƵ쵼˴¡
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þô˵˶ʶĳҶ쿴ȥ֪ҶȻζسţûע⵽ֳһ㡣
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ѭȥֻһӴλվ𣬿첽Ⱥȥ
Ҷ쵹һ۱ϳӣǵ˵ʱ򣬰Լ֮λҽԺﲿĸҽʦʤ
Σ㲻ҽԺϴҸײݿ˵ʱκõġʤץ˾һ㣬ּ
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һ˫˫ɻĿ£ʤܵҶǰǿһ㣬һ˵Ҷҽû뵽Ҳ⣬̫ˣϽȥȾɡ
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òӸɵ˰ɣ󲿷˶ôΪġ
絹࣬ΪԼŮͽҽԺʱ򣬾ɭҲ㹧سƺҶ죬οǰʤ
Ҷ첻һֽ˲ǵ֬ȻȻ˵ȥҰѷС
ʤһ㶣ҲûٶɣϽԴþԸϽȥҰѷС
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֪ܲСǷ˹ӣѾ˿ļ١
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ԸѡҶЦ
̶ѵλ㳣үүἰҶ죿Զ۾һʵ


83 
ǰүүҸ磬λүүҶԶԽܵ
үӵĴСţһҡҶ׵˵
ԶҶ򣬺ǺЦ찡ͱˣſͷҿһˡ˼һֱҶ֣ʾѺá
ʱþһﭵˮ˹
ҶӹˮָԵ棬ĵ˵ͷȻԶ˵үӣҾλˡ˵žֱӳȥ
ҶŵɱڵʵλҪʲô
ͷ£Ҷش
ʤæȰ˵ܣ㲻ǣܽҶҽǡ
ʤС˿϶Ҳû˵ʲôʱҲֻǻҽˡ
ߵǰҶǽϵߴһȦȻץ֣˰
˵ȻѾغͷˮףǲпҪ˶ñϢ
Ҷûٳɣˮǰһһֹɰѱ˸һҶ콫Ǽƿʱ¶˾̾ɫΪ˵䱻ƣ徹Ǻˡ
Ҫ֪˴ʱϣϵȻǽǰҪڲ˼ǰ£һ·ɲһõġ
·ҶµӶͳǺ룬򿪺ȡö֮˺š
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һΣıˣΪҶһ˵ĺпһ׳ĿӣѪɽĻȴûг֣ΪҶȲµѾڴļѪܷסԲûѪ
һ˻ҶһĹжô񣬵Ϊҽʦʤȴһ̾Ҫ֪ҶһƫепһӣǾٷḻҽҲ޷ﵽ־硣
Ϊͷûн׹ܣҶҲֻһǩɺʵĳȣ֧ǱпϣԱͨ
һкҶȡö룬ǰѨλϣ˥ߵָͬʱ˳ơ
һƬž֪ʱΧĹ˿ͶѾΧеվڱϵϹۿͺ;ʱũ￴Ϸһ㡣
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ЩҽҽԺģǾͽһҽѧļСӣǲʶʤʤⷬҽʱҿӽˮ˰ɣҽٲÿĻҪ㵣𣿡
Էôһ˵ʤЩԥ˵ҶҽܸϾǻ٢һʲôأԼɾѴˡ
ʤĶҡ֮ʣϵͻȻһ󼱴ٵĳ鴤Ȼ㻺۾
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ҶӹƬؿ˿Ȼ֤ȯ˾⼸ʱ˲һ⣬ɫĽƬЦܣԺʲôҪæʱϣ㲻Ҫƴǲźá
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ôҲ͸¶һС챧Թ
ԶǺһЦȰ̶ͱˣŻ磬ҽ򵥣ܶһһ˵ء
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ǣǡڨЦŴӦţıɲôÿ
˶ʺ֮Զ죬̶˵֮һֱһһģʲôʱʱĻ
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˵ĻǾٺòˣҪȥҰ칫ңİɡԶ
û⣬ȥҽк˵Ҷתȥע⵽磬ԶҲ˳ǰк˼֮󣬲źҶ첢뿪˴
ָƽΣĸŮƬ̺󣬱ȥ


84 
ʮ¥һ칫ҶԶɳϡ
죬˵ϴ̶ֵʱ̶治֪ôлźáԶŸм˵
үˣȻҺ̶ãұҲȻġҶ˵
ԶͷһЦ˵⼸춫ڵСѪǰﱻ𣬶ƺҲٶû˻Ļ߻һеģȻһУѧ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵Ѳүӻ˰е飿
Զ̾˿˵죬Ҳ̶֪⺢ĵûʲôĻͻȻһ磬үүȻۣкð֮ϣ¡
Ȼү̶ǣǾ޿ɺˡҶ˵
⣬ǾٺòˡԶЦ˵ֵͷû´ĻͳһڵӦΪ˶ԸŰɣ
ʵĵ⣬ҶѾ²µԶ˴Լ̸ֱĿģ޷ǾԼֶԸš
ҶҲڴؼܹ룬˿̲ûмű⣬ԶԼҲͿȨˡ
ǰȷʵǴԸţѾչжҶƽػش
ô˵˿عӦҲɣԶʵ
ҶǳЦ˵Ȼкҵڱ֧ţûһʵ൱ĽھͷҶء
ڽ̾꣬Ѹٹ̣ҪԸɲ֮£֪ûʲôƻԶʵ
үսƻѲҲͽҶЦʵ
ԶǺЦɲɵӣȻ֪ԼؼŶһսӮŹؼãҲҶ򶨵⣬ûнҷҶС̣˳˵ŸҶŮ֣Ҵؼź˿ع֧֣һսҲʮþˡ
ȻүҲⷽ뷨µȻ֮ˡҶ̬
ܿԸ͸¶սƻ˰ɡԶЦ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҪԸȻȽҵ壬ڴ֮ǰҴľʮҲжҪ˶þͻнˣʱһʮ̸УҪүܹĻʤҲ͸ˡ
㰲ź֮ʱϵҡԶӦ
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ԶҲվȡһƬݸҶ죬ʲôжĻʹ绰ϵҡ
ҶӹƬڴֵˣ֯Žˡ˵ţתſȥ
뿪ؾƵҶȥ˶˻
ʱڶ˻ſڣվһȺˣЩ˶ռ붫˻±ӣչأ֮ǰȶǽһϴ˵̣εܽͷСǿ
СǿǸ̹ƵģͦصվȺǰͷĭɵؽŶ˻Ĺʷ
ȻСǿЩʷЩͼӴף˵㣬ʹŻЩرǽԼйص¼ʱĵԼ𣬼ֱҪԼˣǰЩǣһ顣
˵˵ţͻȻһӰԶԶСǿסæӭȥ
±ǿɾˣոջϺպյǿ磬һת۾壬ٿһСȥϸ¶֮ɫ
Сǿ첽ҶǰЦʵ磬ôˡ
е£ϺڰɣҶʵ
ڣڰ칫Сǿش
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ǣӦ϶֮ɫ
ţСǿɫѵһǸμסԺڽرƯǧȥǣΪǶŮˡСǿǰνѵܽľ飬ҴڸЩˡ
칫үһλװ쵼졣

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Ǻǣ磬ȻҪƳɹۣȻĵרҵЩˡү͵
У˵˵׼Щ顣Ҷʵ
үʵҲʲô飬һЩרҵ̣ͺЩƬһϴ裬ȻһļԶ
λֳܺ͵ƬЩйһͦô𣿡Ҷ컳ɵ
磬㾡ܷģϷʼ֮ǰǻλֳһЩǹҩԾò˥ˡүЦ
Ҷͷʾͬʵ׼ʲôʱأ
Ѿ˺ֵϰߣ˵ÿȥһҽжľưɺȾѰ֣Խɿġүش
ֽŲ㳡Ѿ׵ڷͲλðװʮͷԱ֤360ȫλ㣬κξʾͷ
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ֳʱµһСΪⱻŵ˲˲ûпȥʮֵ͵һ⳵үҲһñӺһī
⳵ֱӿ˱ſڲͣ£߽ݡ
̨ŵһ긾Ůүժī긾ŮЦкȻҲǺүŹġ
ţ˱¥¥ߵ306ſڣš
Ƭ̺Ŵ򿪣ŵһӣòƲʶүֻһ˴кҶͺүŹĴкȻ˽˷䡣


85 ֳ
һͨĵ˼䣬ԼʮƽͦģҸּҾ߼ҵ綼䱸ȫɳˣܣкܶҾ߶ʱģȻΪڲͷ
ʱ˿ŵλ֮⣬һһŮˣվڴϣеڸŮһ߽⣬һʾš
ŮĸҲҲ֪϶ⲿƬŮˡ
֪ܵλŮг°ձѧ꣬ӵзḻٴ飬ԼָѶȶǸ۲۵ջ
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305ʮ̨ԣĻʾǸֳĻ棬Ҵ󲿷ֻ涼ǶŴֻǽǶͬ
ʱǰڵţÿ˸̨ԡ
׼ôˣʵ
ݣ඼׼ˡһӻشͷ
ûãҶͺүȥˣֳĲȷһʧ
뿪ݺųйʵؿ졣
ĳԽСܱǹҵͶ侭ҪһЩнҲͺ󣬶ҪһΰȽңŸոսִ˵йء
үܣļҴ̳;ƵȫǴؼ²ҵҲ˵ؼҵг¢ϵλռ󣬼ؼźԭ
һ磬Ҷվúʮ̸еص㣬趨һΪƹֳǵĵ¶ĳ
ѡ˵ҪԭһΪ˵رȽϿΪҶĳһͶʿ죬κ
صѾ5㣬ֳһ׼ν¾㱸ֻǷ硣
ҶټоԱһеεľƵһ٣͵սǰ͡
ûкȾƣ֮ǰȴǴ˼ơƺһЩ¾Ʋˡ
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Ҷ죬үнӵ֪ͨľָͺΧһСǰžƴ˿ˣǴŸһԹۿ༸ڵǰԴ
ԼСʱĶﴫӵպĳˣС׼ȻǸѷӶԾưĳ°˵ġ
λϴѾưˡҶѵ
Ůıĥ䣬ϽպĴָԸ˵˦ƣҾָǳԶˣĸJ
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ָ㻹˼˵Ƕ˿ǱҺýڽڰˣӵ˽Ѫǰĳ֣ǻн𣿡
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Ƭ̣˵λϴŮѾˡ
ı棬˶Ǿһ
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86 ɱ
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°ôһջ򣬾ָ˶һԾԾԵӣһ뵽ǿڶոձȾеԡɢˡ
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ݣˣ¾£Ŀء°һرԹ
ͱйй£Ƥ˵
ðɺðɣͱɣ°һε
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λϴĳȹȥˬһˡһЦ˵ֶĸԱԸǶƵˣ͵˵Ȳس˷䡣
Ҷ켸
ĻϿȥǺܽؽ߼ͷĻֻʣһƬڡ
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žƬ̺Ҷĳһ䣺ϿӵٶȻ湻ġ
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һڿҶɫʵⲿӰƬ̴̳Ҫ೤ʱ䣿
ٵĻһˡش
Ҷ룬˵һϵʱ䣬ǧ̳
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Ҷͷ㳯ĸԱȥԸǾʮͷм
磬ͼŰ̳̿ѵҪչж𣿡үʵ
Ҷͷ˵շսپϺõ̺ȸĸýŹȥЩֵܣ͵ķʽųȥָͺԸ˾͸ʮ﷢ȥн飬Լ7㣬ڷƹֳǽ̸С
չ̸У磬᲻̫˵㣿ָЩǵ˵
ǶƶҲѾˣһȥűȻ裬ǱӦ֮ǰ֣ҪȻϵԽöǾԽҶ˵
ͬ˵ļǣ˵ĵһܲܳɹȥͿˡ
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Ҷûشָ⣬ǷʵʮΪλήأ
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뿪ݺ󣬾ָҪȥйй𣬶ҶֱӴĻؼҡ
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Ҷüͷһ壬æܳ䣬һˣֻ̱š
Ƭ˼ҶѸ̱ǰƿһɨۣӰʱ¥һȭߵ
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ӴϢͳ̱һǸɱ֣Ҳ֪һ֯Ը̱ġ
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ֵҪ˶ãڸʴĶᷢʱ㽫ʹ࣬Ȱ㻹ǹԹԵظһȥɣֻҪĻڹ֯һ
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˴æס֮ʱҶѾ˳̱ǰ
ʲôˣʵ˫ƻҶ졣
ҶüͷһЦǺǵ˵㶼Ѿǽ֮ˣ֪˭ʲôãѲȥǸ״ֻθϴ㱨𣿡
ӸոһУ˾Ѿ֪Էǵؾǿߣھؾֻһ֮ң߼ʵȴرɱӵżϵƣɺȻûʲôա
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87 ʬ
ǻ᲻Ѿûл֪ˣֻҪ֪ڡҶ˵Աϣ˦ֱһö룬ֱȡĿڡ
Ľһܱ࣬ܿҪȴһѪڡ
ҧǿžʹذױҶȥ
Ҷڶö룬Ѿذ׳ǰλεĵֱҶĺȥ
Ҷҽŵŵأӯ󷽱ˣȻƺ㵽һҶ֮ʣһ˦ذױǺХųҶؿϮȥ
һ׻ɱֶһǳɣֻ˷ʤŵؾΪҶûΣյĵ˹С
ذ׼ҶؿڵɲǣһƬɫĻҶǰ֣ذ׵ĹӲĵ
ʵĲ࣡ҶɭɭЦ⣬֣̽ץǰǱذף˳Ƴźȥ
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Ҷƣת̱ȥ㶵ضԼҶЦŵ٩ǲǾҺ˧أʵ㲻˵Ҳ֪ģô˧ˣɱҲһᶯģʵҲòڲԼĸ飬ͶͱĻҡ
˵ûУ̱һذ׵Ҷϡ
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ҶͷƤʬǰһǻ󣬽Ųһͣ۾һˣⷽ澭飬ָӦҪḻһЩ
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Ҷ֪Լʦͷܴ󣬵ȴҲûϵǰλ֯ĺɱ־ﵽزʦģ򲻵ѵʱҶǲƵġ
Ƭ̣Ҷʵûӹȥأ֪ʦܹסԼȴס̱
̱ȻһЦ˵͸֮ǰ˵һӵĺǣҲӲһ
ҪʦأҶ첻뻵ԯҽɲǷǵĹأĿų̱ôȥ
̱Ĭã󵭵˵綼ҲûҪٶزصˡ
ָڵĶ𣿻ʦġҶŵ
̱ҡҡͷ˵еĶܽ⣬ʦҲⲻ˵ġ
һô֪أȶʹȥʦҶ˵
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磬ȫȥˣҲˣڰϿ϶ڼ޵үֻ
ҶЦŵͷȻָͺȷнķ˶ʾѾĸСֱ͵ʮϴС


88 Ů
ţָ˵磬ղ׸ɶͬбȽϺʡ
ʹϺүСǿҲֺõĵ֣ͿˡҶ˵
жһΣԣֻô˻᲻̫ðˣǵ
˲ڶ࣬ھ뻢ѨڶԷĵϣǴٶҲƣ෴ģٵĻһʲôأҲһЩҶ˵
үҪֵܶڶ紦ӦһʲôĻҲüʱӦ
ҲУͷԼŰɣϵ̸ҪһҪһʧҶɫ˵
ԭҶ컹ͺүһԷȴ˵绰ؾƵһԷ绹ҪѾͷȥѧԺʲôҶҲʹӦ
ؾƵ꣬³̺λŮվھƵſڡ
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λ175Ůʵ̶λҽѧԺ´Ҷ𣿡
ǰҸˡ̵СҫԼһ㡣
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˵ӾѧͶɣ㽿һڴʵ
㽿һģæ𱸵첲ôأҲ͸ڵˣôѧУڹӱأ
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߽ϴѧҶʱִõ䵽ĸоŴߴһſʯӣҶϴѧǸе
˿̣Ůĳ֣ͺñŮ·ΪƬ˼˲ٹʡ̵ɫǲϴѧУվҲȻʧɫŮϴѧҲǰ໨ԺŮ


89 
Ů·ϣϹһ˫˫ʵĹۣΧײ·Ƶ¹ҲƵƵ
ЩǷ߷߲ƽǣλŮ֮оȻһ쵰쵰ȻλŮ֣ܵɪģڼֳȥһٵĳ嶯
Χһ˫˫ۺĿ⣬Ҷ൱磬룬ǰѱЩѾͷһĻϴѧһ¥ɱʾ顣
ҶŹЦYYʱһȺĸߴǰ
СӣӦòǲϴѧѧɣ˵Ϊ׵Ǹ÷ͷɫݻƣһ׾ŵĸߴ˵䣬ĿܲʵɨţϹЦ
Ҷ𻰣Ȼشǽѧġ
ԭǽѧӰѹָôˮ顣÷ͷ˵Żͷ촽һ͵ӣȺҲǶͷƵģ̰֮ɫ
ǰһŲĶĸŮҶ쿿˿һֻͷǽҶ첲ϣɽҶ
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ߣŽɣȰûǰⰮµƢúøĸģҪȻҽԺ̫ƽﶼ֪ôģ÷ͷŽɽѾõӡ
ŽɲûзŭЦǺǵ˵½ҲȰԺðѹ۸㣬ɲʲô㶼ǵģոðģǽѧҽѧԺϴŽɼʱ棬ҽԺﶼ֪ô£
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֪Ҷݺ½ҲûˣƹҶŮߵŽǰŽɨһۺ󣬳Ц˵ŽɣȥҲ˰ɣѵǽѧͺ𣿡
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ѲĽӰ˶Ѿѡˣò½СӰɣ˵Žɵ̣һڣ³˵Сıɲʲôϰ
ۺ˶̿Цһòֵܲˣ㻹Լ˭ӰɣҿͷҲûʲôܳ˲š
Ǻǣֵܶߵ˶͸ˡŽЦ˵
ۺҲЦЦɫ˵ˣ˵°ɣһˣĶأ
Žһ̣Ȼֱ˵˵100򣡡
ֵĺ㰡ۺ΢΢һ
ŽһβʮġŽɰȻ˵
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ۺͷ˵ȻŽԴǾżƻȥɣ㣬Ҹˡ
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ţۺ˵ͷȻֻ˻֡
½ȥ
½뿪󣬽ۺЦ⣬˵ŽɰŽɣɵôѪ

˴ڲϴѧ½һӵǧϯλڡ
ʱ뿪дСʱȴѾϯд󲿷ֶǲϴѧѧԷʮΪѧרٸϯλ
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ǡܷ򵥻ش
ûʲôʱͶԷҶ첢ûоʹʾƽ˵ʵڲɣҸλϵһʣһȥء
ҶĻۺһ﷢Ĺֽ
ҲˣλϵҲ˼ҶЦ
ŶҶֵ˰ɣôءܷЦ
Ҷüͷ˵Ҳɣλֵܴ˲Ǯûһøծء
ȻֻǮ£Ǿͺðˡܷ˵űӿڴͳһпһ˦пҶ켲ٷȥ
Ҷ̧һץпץš
ֵܷ㣬ٶӦù˰ɡ
ӹȻˬ֮ˡҶصͷЦ˵ֳŽۺ˻˻֣ʾˡ
󣬽ۺܷȥ
ûµĻҾȸˡ
㡣ܷһơ
Ҷûپת㳯Уȥ˽ϡ
ֱ߳УţϳҶǽҷŻи
ڳһֱ˼һ⣺ԼܷļƻһɱĸСܣΪβôأҪ˵ûвԼľҶɲš


94 Ͷ
ѲСӻиıֻ˵ԼŵʵʮģҶвɵ
磬ʲôأô񡣡Ҷ첲ʵ
룬ԼôҲǮˣǲӦÿҫҫҶ쿪Ц
ĸŮÿֱЦ
Цֱ֮Ҷĸ첲Լ֮ĥţ˵Ҷ磬˼ʵ̫ˣҪɴŮѺˡ
Ҷ챻ѾͷѪڣѾͷǸɫҪһڵҲֵһԡ
Ҷ˵̺ؽҷ㲻ôܲҸء
Ұ˦˾͵£˵ҶӦû׼ðѸ˦ˡ
һ·ϴΣҶᵽѾͷĿų̶ȣ̵ԣҲԾɴ󵨵ץҶ֣ʱʱԼȹµСڲȥ룬ûڵĻǵҶƵ
صҶŮŽɵһҸߵֳһȾף
׾¶ǣŽɾҶʵҶֵܣ˵һ˵֯֯Ӧþɣ
Ҷûлش𣬶ЦʵֵܺԼأ
ⲻŵ֯õľ֣϶㴴£Žɴֵ˵
Žôһ˵Ҷʶȡʵ̫ҡˣȫ͸Լͷûʲô
ҶûشŽɾ͵Ĭˣֽ˵Ҷֵܣ֪ΪʲôѧԺϴһ˳𣿡
Ϊʲôأ⣬ҶȷʵҲܺ档
ŽɹһƺɵЦ˵ΪС޴־ʲô·
Ҷ׵ص˵ͷʵô˵ֵͷʲôԶ־򣿡
ư֮ĻЩʣҲССĽСŽ־Ƶ˵
Ǻǣֵܸ˵ⷬѵʲô𣿡Žɵ⣬ѾʮˣҶǸȶгǸˣ˵ı㣬ʲô£εؽȨץԼ
ҶֵܣһʼһЩԥɽ쿴֮ұ¶˾ģҾͶˡŽᶨ˵
ҶһЦ
Ϊϻд£Ҷû̫ã4ʱȥ̵ȼŮȻҲ͸ˡ
ŮͻصؾƵҶΰĴ˸绰žʹֱԼұȥ
صҶϳֱֻ̱ȥ
һ·ϣҶ콫ԼˣԼжƻȫ˳̱
Щ£̱ٻЩԾģû˵ʲôȴǺҶһ
ֻСǿѵȺſڣһҶŸƯӭͬʱﻹ̾ţ绹ţƣһ컻һӣҸôò
ߵҶǰ˴к磡ɩӡ
ɩӸսгڣСǿһλƯɩӾȻȰԼǰһŰذ׶Լϣٿɩ˫ɱСǿŵ硣
ҲɩӣҽеĻҲ̱侯
ǣСǿӦҶȴһ͵Ц
ԷӦ̱Žذ
ţҶСǿʵõ˶˰ɣ
Сǿδĭشˣڣڻء
Ҷ˵ͷȻʹų̱ȥСǿԼӣ̱ıӰȥ̲˺Ѿ߽ţ׷ȥ
¥ңʱˣΰġָүкĸ
֮ʱҵűƿҶų̱˽СǿҲ˽źԶԶܿ˳̱
Ҷָ˷׷վٿҶԵĳ̱ﶼƣѲ绹ȥ̸У
ɣϻǺɵغ磬ɩӡ
󷽵Сǿһ¶˾֮ɫҵǣνе̫̱࣬ûذһһȥҶ쿴ȥʾ͡
ҶظɿȻ˵λɩӡ
ſڣϱ⣬ָ˶ǿľ˵ʵǸû̱ĶԼҪôһ˵ĻԴͲˡ
ٺ٣˼󡣡ҶЦ͵ָ˼ܵλŮг̱ʱɩӡ
䣬̱ذױĳҶ첱ϻȥҶ׼Ѹٽһذ°ͼϻºĻҪ°͸ˡ
һҶæԶܿΪ֪̱Ĺһġ
ԷԶ̱δ׷ȥ˵۾ͽذ
ָ˶˿ĭǶܺҶǴôŮˡ
˸ЦҶָɫָʵֵܶѾŵλ˰ɣ
ֵܶѾ˶紦һҴ͵ͣָش
ֵҲڸҶĳ;ưŻش
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ʱ仹磬ȥһٰɡ
ǣһо뿪ڸ˸Ƶ˴ͣΪϻҪ£˶Ծĵξδմ
ԹѾ룬̸ֻʣ˰Сʱ
ɫʱƹֳſڴӵһȺź磬㲵ĶͽЩ˶ﶼŸ̷۵ǮŽܹһʣȻʧǣĳ쾹ȻŲ⣬˵Ǳ˰˳ӡ
ڶͽǲδȥǾۼڶĳſڣҪʲôｫҶĳˡ
ʮ֣ڶĳſͣһʱжͽĿ⡣
Ŵ򿪣½ˣҶһˡ
ҶĴ֮£˾ֱŶĳȥ
Χһ˫˫Ŀ⣬ҶǰŲš
ѵҶĳľˣҪʲô
ֳſڣСֵţҶ˹æشкȻŴ򿪡
֮һ¥ݣ¥ݺǰȻʣҶĳģǲСװҲܵ壬ԶĳҵĺҲ̾
ʱĳŴһһųͻΧһȦӣ¶ʮˡ
磬̸ж쿪ʼˣЩһﾹȻһûСǿЩյ˵
Сӻ治ǻүˣ͸үһͷԣΪϷλáүûѵ
ֽ˵ЩСʵû٣ӿɶţǿɲ˭磬Ǳ˭
Ҷߵ˵ûԳٵ˵Լ̸вأһ̸ʱҲͿȨĲȡ档


95 
̱ҶΰҶһָ࣬ү˸λ¡
磬ô˴̸мʤ㣿º󣬾ָʵƺЩš
Һ˵Ҷûյս˴̸ô˵Ҳоųɾŵʤ㡣Ҷָнôţһʤȯյӡ
ųɾţȻЩɣ;ָһۺʵѵ˵绹ʲôƻɣ
ܼ˿عɳ棬ǱϾֻűھƣ˴̸ҲʮĽ˵ʤ㣬Ҳʹˡ
ָҲһؿҶ졣
ûỹһλһһϷݡҶŹ˵˷ܵЦ⡣
Ҷƺ͸¶ӣ˵Ҳ׷ʡ
Ƭ̣ҶͻȻʵǾλ³ǵ֪ǰʮڴ̸еϢô
룬ش³ǳ嶯³çӣµɱ
ҶЦŵͷʣټϵҪ೤ʱأ
츮˵زԶŵľ󲿷ֶפڸڣټҲʮףӦÿʮ֮ڸϵ˵ءүָҲͷʾͬ
磬ЩʲôأǴ˴жϽ³֪Ϣǵ̸ӦѾˡָɻʵ
Ҷش𣬺ү²ѵ˼ǣǰϢ͸¶ȥ³Ȼʮǰɱʾ
ˡҶ򵥵ػش
磬ûôװɣ˵ŵľ񲿶ӿɶǹ֧ģǽǵþһǵָͺүҲһ飬ǼʶҶһаٵĳ棬ǿɲҶԼʮֳǹ֧ĵʱࡣ
Ȼеģ³³çܲһžͿǹɨɣҶȻһ̩Ȼӡ
ȻŸոռƻδȶǻʮȶƣǰʮϴɱˣľ潫ӻҡү˵
ʵҲˣŸƣҪɱʮϴҲֻǾ֮ͣǲδôǴµĽʮｵΪҲֻʮȹ档
ҶŵֻҪƬ̵ĴϢǾʮİգһòŲģҶ컹ûɵǲһء
Ҷôһ˵Ҳ˲٣˵ǳʶĻ˻治ҽСѺϣԷôãҶǸˣҲˣǶʮΣҲ
ʱѾߵ֣ʮȴûһ˵
Ȼ֪е£ֻûӵ˲Żż
ĳԽԽأû˵ҶĿƽضڴ
⣬ͽѾɢλŵСϾǲɫ
ߵˣôû˹Щһò᲻˰ɣͷСܽǵ˵ͷѾ˵ϸΪȣȫΪŵԵʡ
ǲûʲô¾ǽϢ͵͵ţһǿɾ군ˡһһɽСӲ˵
ɲֽԴϵĸоСĨĨͷϵϸĿⲻͣŽֵͷţŵĴͻȻɱһ
ʱһװسǰͣһƯƣһɲһ̥Ħ£ͣ˳λ
Ŵ򿪣ǿ׳Ĵ󺺴ӳһֻͣͣǼΪһλӵĴüͷһ壬Ȼģ̫ˣЩһﶼûء
磬ҪȥһȦȻٹһС
۾һЦŵͷ޵⣬ߣȥһȦ˵žس༸Ҳ׷׻صϡ
һ˹䣬Ȼ۵糸سʻȥɰ·λŮŵþУſλС
ֶһ·С̯
磬Ӹոչһ£ȻˡһССǰһλӱʮ֮ϴ룬һȭզˣȴģ
ϣ֮⣬ˣĶôۣӦĸСܡ
û뵽ɽҰçҲˡ˵
ϴѵҪаﶼˣȻһȥ𣿡һͷСʵ
Ȼ˵νǹͷȺɶǵѡʱͿԽȥˡ
ϴ˵ǡ׷СЦŸ͵
ûãһʻͣˣ͸ղǸһһΧûͣţ˱ùġ
ȻسһԴʻ˽
󺺴ԴΪ׵һ۴źֵĶӣʮֵ֮ϴ
һ³Ƽˣﳵϵˣ˸ЦϣڹͦǺڴε̸ˡ
ڹҰϴƤڣͨģ˵ˣ򹷰Ǻ߹ʮ˴ˣԭźΪؤܵ˳Цȡ˺ڹţö֮ؤҲ˻Ұ
ڹɫÿƳһۣߵҲͱһѣʮЦٲ
˵һλСѧŮʦҽ̣ԭһΪǸʦڿӦǸʦɣȻʮЦٲµĵʶˣѧͦ䳰ȷ˵
ڹҽ̣Ѿǧżѻ
ڹǸ¶һ͵ŻС͸͵֮£˵Եɺ֮°λʦѧ˵㱾£ǱһЩСƦؤҲҰ
ֽᾺԽԽңڵƾҪҲԽԽˣڹֲʶԸҲдõϴ󴦴˳Ц˵˼ϴǸбҵĸ߲ڹپɽԱصһλСѧʦҽ̡
ǰûĻʱ˳ЦеĻ˻Ǳ˳Цڹȴ˼ңÿÿʱ뿪ȻҲ⣬ڹûдֱĳȥ
ȻѾ˵׵ģҲͲپᣬĳȥ
ڹͶ̵ԭصĶĳԻЩ
Ҷ˲δӭӣǵһμͶԶԷͿģԺʲôſԡ
λϴԼҸλþɡ˽Ҷ赭д˵
Ҷ죬ڹͶԶһ㵣ôҲϵʮ﷢н飬ҪԸŵļһȻһСӡ
ȹ龪ȣϵľָ˺󣬺ڹͶҲû˵ʲôҡǰȥλñ


96 ̸
ºҶʵ֪λϴʲô
ڹͶһۣ˶ҿڣϾûȷɲ۵ġ
˲ҶЦЦֽʵλкοأ
ͬ˶ûлش
ָһӣΪҶʵʵ̫ûˮ׼ˣԷɵҲ̬ܵҶһȴ˿һ˿ߡ
Ȼλϴ󶼲شǾ˵ɣ˳ûãûǰ㽡ȫ֯ṹǰֻǸոѧ·Сƨ˵ӦûɣҶ˵
ڹͶһǸ㲻Է˵֣־ԼĻʲôĿġ
Ҷͣٺּ˵ҲΪˣڳɳĹҪ˲ţ˽֮ôĵǾҪˡλȻܸʮ֮ǰǱ˵λҪʮɸȳκҲˣҲŻλĵⷬ
ܹӵĵطϴûй˵ĵʶǾͱеСڹͶôСˡ
Ҷ֮ⷬˣȻĿǰ֪ûͶԿţʮȻμ̸УôﶼǱһ˿εġ
Ҷô˵æ̬߰ЩЦǺǵ˵ȻãܳټϾָͺλպյĴѾ죬ܵõʮˣҪԸŻǺаյġⷬ˵ĵЩڿ˵ͬʱֲʮҪԡ
ô˵ˣڹҲæ͵ǰŶ̶һڱͳһ˶ͷҪҲǳ¡
һոսʱһ¸԰ӣ±Ҷôһջ򣬾Ȼƨϵΰĵ˶һ֮̾ɫ
Ƭ֮༸Ҳ̵ʮǵǧٹ֣ЩϴĳҲ⣬ֱʮ֡
Լߵʮңһλϴǳλ쭳ĴӣԼһģԵ⣬·ҲԴƮƮȻӡ
һôݣҶȻɱɱԲȶԷߵλǰ㿪ڵȻ˵λôԱ̸вôӰô࣬һһƺҲ˴š
λʮһϴ¶һֻɫһɾͻˣ˵ԷѾڳʮһЭ׵Լǵˡ
뵽⣬æЦΪ·϶µĻţˣλ¡
𣿴ӣҸոպ񻹿·Ͽıȷɻء侮ʯ
ɫһ˵룬ҿۻ軨˰ɣ
ûȥҶ쿪˵ȻǶ³Ǿпԭˣ°ɡ
ȴλºҶ˵ҶѾˣô̸лҲʽʼҽܣҽҶ죬ְ֮ܣָүӦҲòҽˡټҹĿģнѾдʮȷ˵ĶţɷϣԸŻҪλΪ˲ŸոճλӦöİʲôɻ󣬴Ҿǣʱ䡣
Ҷ컰˵꣬ػϴǱ㿪˵Ȼܣڽпаҵ˺ҵ֮⣬ʡﲻ쵼ųĹϵҪǰ⵹ǿɲ˵˵ô򵥵ġ
ûз̫ˣνһŲ̽䡣ͬмλϴԱʾͬ
Ǻڵǹٳ£ҾͲɾӹԸǡ˵ٳδؾûкֵ̨ǲСӰӦöŰɣŸ˵ɣ־ֳϾͻ̨콫ỻǵˣеϵӦöү٩٩
˺үĻһƬҶ˵ЩСǱȽϼɻٷġ
һֿ֮˵ں̨ϣƴ൱ӵĴԼĸָ֣Ӧأ
һòŲģȻǼʶǵʵҶش
֪Ҷûʲôܵļƻ
˵ڽع̣Ҫ⵹һ֮Ҫ֣˵ǻվԣڵõλ֧֮ǵĵһƻǻҵҶ콫Լĳƻʵ
ܵ˿عҵʵ൱ҪƴҲֻܾˣҪԷ壬ƺ̫ܰɣɵ
˵ʮһΰıҲϿĹ۵㡣
ɾʱһȴֲʧſڴټҴؼأ
һ˫˫Ŀ£Զ˽󻹸װӣȻҡ
Զʮϴ׷׽ͷӶ
죬ѵ֮ǰ˵Ĵү𣿡ΰԳԾʵȻӿ˵˾Ƶ﷢飬ȻҶ쾹ȻԶⳡս
ûҶشַԸߵĳ̱Ǹλϡ
̱Ҳ֪ҶôԸ⣬Զ˵λȥ
ڳ̱ͬʱҶҲԶӭȥ
үӣŸ·ɻͽ糾͸ϹʵЩ
Ǻǣ죬ǰҲò˵Щ׵ĻҪӣͷв֮Զ͵ذڰ˵˵űҶһͬλȥ
ʱ˿̣λϵʮϴѾȫûһʼİ룬ΰĺԶĴǰǿͿû˿ӣԶ׼˾ԲǼ
ԶΰҲվǰЦүӣû뵽һкһ졣
ǰ˿عɺҴؼ⽭깲ʮ꣬һǾˮˮϽ쾹ȻͬһԶҲЦǺǵ˵
̸֮ʣҶߵСǿǰյС˵䣬Сǿüͷһ壬ˬĵͷӦһȻתſȥ
صλϣҶʮϴɨһۣȻ˵˿عɺʹؼҾͷ˾֧ţǿشҲ˰ɣ
ȻڳʮϴЩˡ
Ƭ̳Ĭ󣬺ڹһȵվ־˵ҶҰԸ˳ˡȻҶǰǷյЧ
ţҲϽ̬һＸѾҶˡ
֮⣬˶ûóȻѡ


97 
ҶϵˣЦЦ˵Ҹʮʱ俼ǣʮӺϣ˶ܸҸ𰸣ڴڼ䣬кȻ
ֳƬ̣뿪ʵǹ˳˵Ļ֪ҶЩأ
༸ҲһڴؿҶ죬ȻǽΪעҲ⡣
˲κ棬ҲʲôʮﻹһĴڣֻԺ󽫷ˡҶش
ҶĻشƺô⣬ΪûܴõκκôȴҪˣôǳԿġ
ҶƺЩ˵뷨ЦЦ˵ȻҲ֪ŸʲôôֻһͶӰˣƽ֮ǾûκüֵˣǾŻװ𣿡
Ҷα֤ǲأ߲ǿǵĺܵ
Ϊ˺ŵĿĲͬŵĿֻΪ˳ưУ˵ĿɲĽСҶ־Ȼ˵
ĽС⼸۾һһ㣬˶
ϣңɼľ磬ǾָҲϵҶ쾹Ȼ˵Ŀ궨ңԶ
һƬžСǿ֪ʱѾվھָ󣬶ոҶǷԸϵЩڱ߽ӦСǣǾܵĽ˴̸֮ɢȥ
ʱһһĹȥʮԾû̬Ϊǻûп˵ʵǼɵŵĴ񣬼ɵҮպͷλ˵ӵеؾΪǿߡ
ʮ˼ʱ伴ʱ¥ͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲһλСسʧؽкˣ죬ŵɱˡ
һ޲ɫҶ졢ΰġԶͺү֮⣬˶ǾŵĴλվ
磬ǸϽӺų߰ɡָ˵
ҶɨһۣЩõѵʲôԷ˾ͰųԺսô򣿡
һ֧񲿶һѻٲֵ̿˵
Ҷӿȥĵ˵³Ǵ˹Ҳᳯǿǹ³𣿡
Ҷô˵ʮϴǵǰ˲١
ţҶֲŲæ˵ȻǶ뿴˵ʵǾ°ĵؿϷɡ
ʮλϴһ֮½صλϣָͺҲһۣȥϻд˲ɫͷҲðϸ
ܿ죬һҶּٵĽŲ¥ݿ𣬲Ƭ̣ʮһɫӣһǹڵس˴ֱŻ߳ͽҶΧǹҲ׼˵Դ
Щ˳ź¥ݿڰƬ̣Ųһĸһķ󺺣һȺֳֵ껺˽Ҳ֪Ϊ״󺺱ŵ³
³ߵǰλϵʮϴɨһۣյȺĶҪͷзԸӽͱǡ
ȻǸ³çļһҶţȴЦ⡣
³𣬴ӸϽЦΪԼѵ³ᣬǲûбŵ˼ֻǹ߸ʽѡ
༸λϴ׷װЦûӣٱҲ֪ȻҶݵȶԷǱȻ׼
³һȻϵҶ쿴ȥⴥҶԵΰĺԶʱɫ΢΢һ䣬ָֻܿɫҶʵǸҶɣ
û뵽Ҳ֪ҵĴҶ治СҶЦŻش
Է㴦ң³һ˿֮ɫʱȻô򶨣СӹȻǸȻ³ܾеʶˣΪУͱ
Ҷ쵭һЦ˵ҪɱҶɲǼ׵£³ûб
³һ˵ԲѣûΧʮǹָԴֻҪһԴͻɷú
ǾͿ˭Ķˡ˵ţҶִ˸ָ
գ֮³ĺϾͶһذףذ׵ǳ̱
ȫﲻѣֺϵһʼһԲλŮĽɫǹ֮¾ȻܳЮ³Ҫ֪³ǸӵǰΪĸ֣ĸҲ⧲ǶԷʵжôǿˡ
ʵ̱ΪҲֻǱ³һΰˣɱȴǿնɱһڸ֡
Ļǹ¡̱
Լ˾õָźЩСﻹҲӣ׷æҵذǹ˽ŵ¡
ɾǷǹɲǣҶӰȻλʧһĻֱ˴Ŀġ
ֻһΧһȦոշǹӾȻȫһѶĩ
ʺѪڿƮɢţŨѪζѸӿŻ˷
ү;ָǾֵɬ촽ǰһĻȣϴζԸѪǰĳѾûʲôˡ
ûҶֵĺڳ˶ŵɫ࣬˿̣Ҷֱ͸ħһֲ
ɱΪְҵĳ̱ⳡҲľ
ǣҶ첻ϲǹָšҶѾصλϣϲȾһ˿ѪʵҪΪʮϴҶҲ̶ֳȡ
أؾǿǿߡ³ڴ԰ֽ
Ҷǣ΢΢Ц˵³Ǹҳ֮ʿֻϧΪã˵ĻҲ㲻ˡԱϣҶ̱ʹ˸ɫ
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žƬ̣Ҷ쿪ʵ˵ʵҲˣλϴʲô𣿡
ûҺڹԸΪҶհڹ˿ĭᶨ˵˵֮ǰɷ֣ĳˡ
ҶҲЧҶر̬
ţʮλϴҲ̱̬˵乧άĻ
ȻҶѾ¶˾ģǾͰݺЭǩ˰ɣǵЭʲôĲɹأ˫̤ʵ㡣Ҷ˵䣬үѽ׼õһʽݵЭļÿ
ڹҲЭһһǩ˹ʽ֣Ұӡ뵹ǽЭͷβһ飬ûʲô׺ǩӡ


98 Ļ
ڴҶ˵ˣΪƣ֮ս㵱ʮĳδݡ˵ţҶֶСǿԸСǿºԸСǽ˴δݵϢɢȥ˵ʮֻɱ񡣡
ǣСǿһ㣬һֱشӦ
ҶⷬûӵĴӵɵЦǴɫɲôϲãΪϢһɢȥǱζʮų˺ԺͶǿҲûлˡ
ָǵͷҶһвνʮžѣǵ·һǲЧˡ
һ糿жˣ˵ĴѾΪ˼šһ֮շʮɱϢǽѪڡǶѾᵽ˱Ϣ˶֪һǰδеĴսڽƬĻ
ϣһλ¾ֳǽơСǿҲһһֵܸ꣬פԭȵ츮
˽ʮжеݱҶָʾ˹ھʱɡ
峿ʱ֣Ҷֹֽͣǿʯͷ۲һ
һʯͷƬ̣㱻ɴ뵽̵ĻҶҲʯͷɲͨ˵󻹻ᷢʲô仯
ľҶ콫ʯͷŻԭȻȥϴּϴһ뿪˱
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Ҷ£һӺ˽ԭĽҶʱ˲١
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ѲС֪ҺĹϵصģҶ찵
ʵˣڴҡڵߵҶǰֺ˵ҶģڹҪ㣬ߡ
Ҷһ죬ԼĥҸʱȥһǸڣû뵽Ȼˣ˵ºܵ͵кĿأҶ쵹Щ档
ٿڣСӶдˣɫ»֪˭̡
СӣԴǲǽˮι㣬߹¿ˣ֪Ǵҵĵ𣿡Ҷʵ
ڲΪѧԺ磬ڶԷĵϣҲû˿⣬ǣŲɫôˣ֪⽭ѧڹӵĵ𣿡
һͲ֪ˣôţҶЦʵ
Ҷģɱ𾴾ƲԳԷơڳȵȶʹֵСˡ
ϲԷôţҾǴôţ˵ţҶѸԴ˸ͷ
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ҲݣҴӡԴӡ
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ĵˣˤ˸ܳ졣
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ڻҶ򾭹ѧԺȥʱʱͷݶĿҶһɡ
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һԲ֪ԼҶĶ֣Ļֻᰤѣĥʰŵļһ
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һ·ȥԵĸо·ŮǶٶôɫĵǺټ
ڵĴ£Ҷ߽һңʱϰʱ䣬ŲѧҴ붼ŮΪЩɼǲὫ˯ʱװ˷ϰϵġ
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һɨ֮Ҷ¶֮ɫŮձϸߣлƷŮرڵеŵλ滨ͷŮϻŵױһǸҹ㡣
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ҶɫʱѾߵڸǰһ
Ƭ̺Ҷ߽ңȥ
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ҵ˶СӵƤҲ̫ˣϱӸòҰİɣ
ЦЦ˵ҶֵܵĴҲжţҲȷʵǽѧһŷˣ´һעġ
ֽһſȻûһټӣȻǸ͵֮ˣҶȴûϵ͵˳̶ȣǽȥ˵»治ôʺϡ
Ҷڰ֣˵֪ͺãˣϻˣʲô¸Ͻ˵ɣҺæġ
ֻҶֵܣ̶ʵ⣬˵ֻѡɫʵ
˵ϵܣĵİҽѧԺϴѲɾΪ̸Ů˵£ȻҶ˵Ů˵ͷȴ£Ӧ˸Ů̸֮˼ʲô̸ġҶԭܺͶԷ̸ЩѧԺϵ£֪ԷһھŮˡ
̶˵ǺҪˣϣҶֵʵشҵ⡣˵ĺ棬ûа㿪Цӡ
Ҷ춢ڿ˰죬аЦʵ˵ʵ⣬ôأԹ԰̶ø𣿡


99 
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˵ֻѣҪôأҶʵ
Ǿ㲻Ҫٿ̶Ļ¶źȫǺϵ
ҶЦݣһΪϵֻǸ޺Ϻˣû뵽Ҳаһ档
ߣСӣڹӶЦ͵űӦò֪ڹӻиŽЦްɣһĵسҶ죬ͺڿСƵġ
ڣĽ
ɫһ䣬ʶԼ˵˲˵Ļǻæڹӣһʱڿ죬ڵ̬Դһ˿η֮ɫ
Цޣô˵һǿˡҶȤشڣһƷƵġ
Ҷֵܣ𳶿⡣Ѿû˸տʼֿ
Ȼô̶װɣֻҪ˳Ҷ죬ҾͰ̶ø㣬㿴ΣҶЦʵϻһ̬
̶ɲƷֻҿɲڶΡڵԴŭɫҶҲȫζ
ļֵ˼άʽǲԶȻˣҲûʲô˵ˡҵĹ۵㲻ı䣬ͻȻͨĻʱԹҡ˵ţҶλվ
һԲֻضҶ죬˵ɱˣҶڿѾǧˡ
Ҷתǰȥû߼ȴһһװ˵Ŀ
ڹû˵ߣߵ𣿡ƣȻɼܵӣµͬʱվ
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ֱҶҪߵſڵʱŮŻȻعŭ֮ɫҲûץϵռǱֱӳҶ챳ȥͬʱŭå㲻ú
ҶǺ׳۾һ㣬ͷҲأֱ̽򱳺һץȻŮռǱץ˸š
ռǱõǰһϹдһΪ򵥵֣ġ
ٷһҳ61գ磬졭׼ռǸʽ
ȻôİռǸҿԵϸϸƷٻ㡣˵꣬Ҷֱ߳˽ҡ
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ԣһа٣ڵ۾˿ĭ־֮Ȼûʶţˡ
ڹӣôأôֲ𣿡żʵ֪ԼκβҶģҲֻܿڷˣڵֶۼʶġ
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ҶŤͷȥģƤЦ˵ÿ찡Ԥ֮л3롣
ǱǿǣֱռǣڿҶ⸱ƤЦӣļֱ޵ĶĶˣҳյغȵ
ƯӱҶϴˣŭڵӣǷ׷ײ²⵽ϴθڰ໨ҶϷ֮£Ҳ֪ġ
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ϵǿɥ׸Сѣò˻ˡ
ߵϣǸ˵ӣҶرܿߣãɱǧ嶯嶯ħ㸶ش۵ġ
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ҶЦǺǵؼ˵ռдͦ˵ģ˵ȥ˸ûͣˣȥ˸ᣬȻĶôӵ㻹˵ĳףȴֲ֪ôڣʵ


100 
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ڱ˶֪լԺűĸۡųƱ츮
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ҶĨ˰Ѻȡ£֪Ǹˡ


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ȻΣգӦþǣȶ֮󣬾ͿʼֶԸҶ˵֪Ϊֲĸоʱ򲻲ȡκжֻټ
磬ֱ֣ӳ嵽츮ɱ˲͵ˡүҲ˵
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ܻܿǳ֣ڼǿɵСĵ㡣Ҷ첻ĵĶ
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쵽ʱԶҴææϵ
ҲڳԶһ㶣æӭǰȥ˵ЩǸĻʲôǳˣȻԼѾû£Ҳûٶ֡
ºҶ쿪żɽ˵иλҪ̸Ըҵ¡
Զ֮ǰҶѾһ£һʼЩԾǣҶؼҲֺ֧Ҳûʲô˼ˣ±ʾԸⶦ
ȻҪԸҵҲͼ򵥶ˡԶ²˵ʵ˵ʵ˵ҵս֤ȯ˾ȻͷŴˡ
Ǻǣү̧̫ĳˣĳҲֻǳѣʽ滹ھͷǫ˵
ǾȫĻҪ೤ʱ䣿Ҷʵ
ҵսٶǸʽֱӹҹģȻ˵ܺүǿǿ֣ʽҪʤںҵǺҵϾҲͷ֮һ21սĻٿҲúϼʱ䣬弸Ԥ㣬Ͼڼ̫಻ȷءϸط
óһǧԪʽڹ𣿡Ҷƽʵ
һһǧԪΪ̫ԾԵЩͣҪ֪˿عɵʲҲֻһԪҡ
죬а취Ｏ1000ԪΰĲҶֻ˵ջˣԲŻдһʡ
ӦûɡҶ赭дػش
ΰĺԶǵ˵ôʽ𣬻ʲô
ʵҶ޷ǸɵйʲҪҵȫ͸һֻһ򵥣Ҷ֮ԻҪ˿عɺʹؼţԭһǵշʮΪԼӴʽԴΡ
ҶĻôЩɣʵشôʽĻһЩڶҪڰڸҵǺϣġ
Ǿͺãȥ绰ȷʽʱܹˡ˵ţҶ߳˻ҡ
˶Ǵ۵СۣҶӣԲڿЦҲ˵пõóһǧԪ
˵ദӦûԽԽ˽Էǣڳȴ֣ҶദԽ÷Խ͸ĺ̨û˲µ͸


102 
Ⱦͷ̨ϣҶʦҶ޷ȥ˵绰
Ҷ޷ӵõǺܿ죬ι찡Ϊʦ𣿡Ҷ޷ܲӡ
ʦӦʮҰɣû´ĻӦں̲͵ЩСȻŮ԰ɣҶ޷һ쵽ҲЩȤˣҶǱ۾Ҳ˵ĸʱЩ¡
Сӣô͵ΪʦǹŮҶ޷ûؾҫԴСԺ徲˲٣̲ϵƯֽҲ˲࣬ΪʦӦߡ
ƱҶ˵
Ҷ޷һϽĿڵЦģЦأҲЩлˣôܸԭء˵ţæ⣬ʵСδΪʦ绰˵ôϻ϶ûʲô£ˣֱ˵ɣΪʦѾ׼ˡ
ҿɾ˵ŶҶһ͵Ц
ϻϽ˵Ҷ޷ߵ
ҶɿһȻʵ˵ʦͽǮġ
ǮСӶѽֹǻ˵ãȵȣȱ˵٣Ϊʦŵ绰߳ͺˣ˵ɣ̫ˡ
ҶҲīֱ˵˵һǧڡ
һһǧڣҶ޷˿ĭǿ򶨵˵Ϊʦ֪С˵ֿ϶Ǹ˵
ʦһû˵ءҶֵ
֣Ҷ޷ٸвһ˿ڴʵ˵Ԫ԰ɣ
ʲôԪԪҶ
ʲôҶ޷һɳ̲Сӣ㵱Ϊʦǿʿе𣿡
ҿ㲻͸ʿвҶƲƲ˵
ûûУΪʦȫҵҲûôࡣҶ޷װơ
ʦͱװˣʻмһ֪Ҷؽҷ
֪ƨΪʦ˺ü㣬ѾûôǮˡҶ޷ˡ
ҿ椶ʲôй򳴹أҪװĻԻˡҶв
õõãСӣΪʦڰ󡣡Ҷ޷һֻڲ˵
ʦҾͽһͷ㷸ôʹ𣿵ЩǮҵģҶƵ˵
ûĵĳСӣʦ𣿡Ҷ޷߷ߵ߳
һʱҲˣ˵˵ʲôϵҶ첻ΪȻ
֪ͺãΪʦƲ⡣Ҷ޷
˭ϡЩƲأǸزūҶӵ
˵ĺǮղҶ޷˵ֵҪΪʦһǧԪҲУΪʦи
ʲôأҶʵ
ðѾͷߣѾͷҪȥ㣬ΪʦϹͷɢˡΪʦѾһˣҲûûˣͷТģΪʦ갲徲ӰɡҶ޷ҪҪģ˵ĺܿӵġ
Ҷͷð˼Ŷĺ飬˵Ҫλ̽ӹЩľս
һ˼Ҷּۻ۵ҪҰʦýӹҲԣڣɣִʦùִλ̵ˣʱҲɲԼˡ
Ҷ޷룬ӦǺðɣôˣͷʻΪʦ͸תȥ
УʦͼŮɣǵŵ㣬ҲøطŸ٣ϢϢôſǻݵġҶЦŶ
СӣܺԼɣΪʦò̵Ҷ޷˵űֱӹҶ˵绰
صңҶΰĵʻ˹Ҷ޷˹ȥȻַԸˣǮһս
뿪ҶȥѧУĿΣȥۡ
λ£תͷ˵ˣиŮҹ㡣
ĸŮأҶɻʵ
㺰ŵǸŮ£ش
Ҷ룬ʣ˵ʲô𣿡
֪ڵ
ҶҲû׷ʡ
ҶǴ·ߣһµܳͣ·ߵĲλϣһԶ͸Ĵȥﻹ˵٣Сӻ۸ǳﾹȻƯãʲôʱС뿪˼ңȥˡ
˵꣬ݣһٶԶűһﭵذ׳ԶҰ֮ڣӦذѾƾƬᡱһ졣
͵һĽԶǰھͲǱҪԼذףɫ˲ò԰ףͷҲ˶ĺ顣
֮࣬Ѹ̧ͷذķȥֻ¥̨վһλòŮӣڲ˫ֳɱʱ˿ĭԴҲ˲ĳһͷɱ֣
룬æһسʻȥ
һֱʻͷ·ͣɫͺǸմӹŹһƵġ
侲û뵽ﾹɱ֣Сӻǲ򵥣Ҫݽǲ̫ˣҲֻܵЩŮ˳ŵʱˡ
뵽ֽͷ˻ȥûٿ
ѧҶֱӻ˱
Ȼڳæµ̱ɳϿӡ
մɳǰ߹̱ͻȻѵʲôñ鷳ǵ
ҶΪָ̱Ů˷£Ҳڷ˼䣬Ȼ¥
ص䣬ǿʯͷ̾Լ
ľҶʯͷߵ̨ϣϸع۲
ʯͷ͸⣬ʹþҲ޷̽⵽ǿҺĵʹ£Ҷʹñҿ浽кǬʯͷ͵ȥ
ϣ
һ̶ĽײҵذȥȻʯͷȴǺ
ʯͷĲʿ±ȸҪӲʵ̫˼ˡ
ʱɵĽл𣺡Ҷ磬Էˡ
ҶӦһص䣬ʯͷŻس룬Ȼ¥
Թص䣬ֻ𣬾ġ
Ѿͷô뵽Ҵ绰أ뵽֮ǰ˵ҹԼҶѾͷܳʲô顣
룬ͨ绰
ι绰ﾹȻһӵҶһϵֻôһס
ҶЩˣʵ˭
ԷûлشҶ⣬ǿʵʶ𣿡
ʶʲô𣿻ֻ˱ˣҶ첻ʵȻϣǺǸ
ǵģλŵԷ˲پƣĲʡˣҾֻϵˣʹˡϰ͵
Էô˵Ҷ쵹˿ȻʵĵģϹ
ڶ˽ŵһŵꡣԷش
ãھ͸ϹȰҿ


103 Σ
Ҷϵ绰Ҷɻط˷ͨ¼ûû¼
ѾͷûҵңȻҴ绰ɺγûнͨ͹ˡϸҲֻֿˡ
Ҷ磬𣿡Ȼʵ
е£Ҫٸ㰴ĦҶش
Ȼ˵ͷ
Ҿˡ˵ţҶ·һߴţһ߿첽ȥ
İµܳֿ̧˿ϵʱ䡣
ôˣӦò˳˰ɣٹˡţȻŹǷ
ɾת̣׼ӵͣλʱɿҶӱſ˳
϶һͣ룺ôˣСӻʲô𣿡
Ҷ켱Ҵҵһ⳵æںͷȥ
ŵǶҹнָڵһ֣ÿҹʱ֣ŵⶼ쳣
;ȥܿҵŵꡣ
ʱʱй˿ߣòˡ
Ҷֱ̨ǰ̨æǮһλʵʣǲһλŮ
ţǸոսӵ绰˰ɣӿҶʵȻǸոոҶ绰ˡ
ңŮأҶ콹ʵ
Ե£ҽŴȥһǮһ˵ֳкܿһλ긾ŮӦһ˹
ӵķԸ£ŮҶ¥һСķ䣬ͬʱ͵Ϊ¥ӽţԾͰ
Ũľζһϣɫ죬ﴭŴüҲţһܵӡ
ʱҿһߺȾһ߿ޣĵӣôƯŮӣһҪ˻ǶΣգΪѣĵʱӦ߲Ůһǵ𱸵
ǣʵ̫лˡҶŮлεĺˣ˵ñĳЩ۵˸̧ߡ
лˣҿôܵӣ㻹ǸϽҽԺɡ긾Ůѵ
ţҶӦһȻǰ
뿪ǰҶ˵ϰһǧǮ˷Ǯ֮⣬ľ͵Ǳˡ
ڽϣҶȴǻ̻̲˫׵۾ۣЩʹʱѾͷһ޵ĺġ
ҲҪҲҪ﷢۽ˮ¡
ɵѾͷѹܷʲô£ҶġҶ˵
߳ŵ֣ͽһұݣ˸䡣
ŵϣҶʪë˲
˵ģǳ̫һ㣬ֱ˼£޿ޣκ˶޷ܵջ
Ҷؿеаѹ֡
֪Ҷѽȥ
Ȼ˫ɲǣȴҲҪҲҪ޸
ҶͷһȻѸվϴּˮ˳ͷ˶ʱࡣ
ľƽҶص䣬עһ˿Щ԰ػƾ
ԭüͷչˣѾôˡ
Ҷϱӣ򿪿յȻĬĬȥԼ̲ס˺Ůˡ
Ҷ뿪󲻾ãһӰ̨Ѹ˷䡣
Ӱһ·Ҷ˵ķ
ߵǰƯһЦ˵ñ־СˣǽҲϲŮˣ¾͵ʪˡ
˵ţѸٽ뿪䡭
峿ʱֻ֣
Ҷֹͣóֻ˿ĺ롣
ѾͷôˣҶţֽ˵绰
û뵽ǣ绰ľȻһӵϺðҶ
Ҷһ⣬˯ڱֻôԷԼĳƺĪǡ
ҶͷӿǿҵĲ˭ñʵ
˭ҪҪǣŮ
һҶѲµԾ򶨵ʵĻòҪ˺
ҶģֻҪԹϣǲ˺ġ
Ҫʲô˵ɡҶ˵
ܼ򵥣Сʱڸϵ㳡¡
ô˵ˡ뵽ƷҶҲ͸ӿ϶ˡ
˭˲֪ˣסСʱڸϵȻĻ
Էû˵꣬绰æ
ҶִֻȥüͷһƬհס
룬ϽŸ㳡
һ·ϣҶֻн콫һ˶ڱݣҲͲᷢˡ
ʮ𼱵ĸϵ㳡Ҷܿҵ˹㳡ߴʮ׵ľܡ
ʱվһòӣҶֻ˵һȻ㽿Цӭȥ̫˵Ҷÿ׼ʱҪƬ̣С˿ɵˡ
ھָ˵һλзĺûѣ¿Ӧþǰļһˡ
ǷɣҶʵ
ϣû뵽ҶҲϵСŮӡЦ
СŮӣҶ콫ⷽ´һȦЩķ
ģϽ·ҶȵǹǵİȫͽĵĻиˡ
ҶҪС˰ȫء˵䷽Ť֦ߵҶǰָҶȥͬʱ˵ҶӢΪˣСŮϲˣҶҪĻСŮԸú÷㡣
ҶһĿ֣ӳ˵ϽҴ·˵ֽƿ
ߣǸϧĳˡһѣһҶۡ
úû˵ȻôǾ͸߰ɡ˵ţŤƨɳǰȥ
ĺûѣҶҲҪЮ뵽ǸֶεˣȻΪôѶԸԼĴûᡣ˵ֲɵӣǷܶҪЮĻ·װԼʡ
ǵЩҶ쵱±ץʵ뷨
Ҷ߳㳡·ߵİµܳǰ
ϳɣСĵ㣬˼ҵİŪˡ˵ţԼ˼ʻ
Ҷûзϻֱ˸ϡ
һ䣬ӱһ㵯ȥ
һ￪ļǺܲתҹգһӱ㳬ʮκƣûʲôͨ
νͶ仰֮ûʲôͬ⣬һ·϶û˵ܿʻսһƫƧĻ·


104 
ʻ˴Լʮӣϡ٣ǰһɽ£ȴǳһƬ
ԶԶȥܵΧǽ̮ڴ룬ķҲòΧ˼ߵӲݣȻǷѾõӡ
ӴǲģĹſ˽ȥһˮ··вѷ죬ѷﳤһÿҰݣеѾѹ⣬еĻ
ӿһĳǰͣ
³ɡϨ󣬷³ֶҶ˵
ǰţҶͺñǵŹأһ߽ţǱǾһЩСǰԼʦŰҲʶԣʦƽκõġ
ڣҶ첢ûпΪһŮֵֵãҲûпԼжôŮˣֻ֪ŮΪԼվģԼˡ
ɣҶһȻŲ̤볧š
һĳԼףԼʮףǶһЩƾɵľӡ
Ȼ˾ǣµĵϣΧϵǰɫѪԶĽһɭɭĹͷҲһɵѪζ͸ζ
һţҶ㿴һھʮԶĵطŶȣ̣վǿ׳Ĵ󺺡
Ҷӭҵ䡣ϵһЦ˵
ҶھԷԶͣ½ŲǾֱߵ
ŵıɣҶʵ
û˾Ǻųʳ˹
أҶû˼Էϻֱ˵ʵ
ضͷȻ˫ơ
žžտĳԵΪ
µʱҶ쿴һץһֻ첲һľ˳
һҶ죬кҶ죬ߣǻɱġǴЩ˿˵ʲô
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ߡҶ쿴˵
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Ҷʵ
˵ǰ³ɱˣȻҺ³Ҳе㽻飬ΪʹֶΣɽֺҪԭΪΪУΪŵĵˣֻ·һ˵
˵ǱҮմ֮Ź˳ŵģŻûдﵽ൨ĵĳ̶ȰɣҶ˵ⷬ޷֮ƻǰΣ
ģֻ֣ûʲôġЦ˵
ԸˣҿԸ棬㿴أҶɫƽʵ
Ҳ˵ͷŵǷɿĿǰҪԸżֱѻʯֺοǿͶԿأųЦ˵ȻҲһֻϺꡣ
Ҷ첢û׷³֮⣬֮ѵû˵˿عɺʹؼŶΪ˳Ÿ˵ɣڣŵʽϼžͽգʱŻ⽭վסŸ𣿡
ΪȻ˵ڰڸϼΣûʽԮҪסҲǴ´ģŶҲγ˫ֽľ档ҽɱˣ˱ؽ߽⣬ʱһͳҲָտɴˣΪһȻǲٵġ
Ҷһ˵δҲ̫ˣҶҪ𣬶ֻҪһ£Ҫһͳ꣬ô˵Ҳúϼʱ䡣
⻰δЩ˰ɣſûô򵥣ҲҶһӵеؾΪƾһ֮аնԸҮպͷλؾǿ𣿡ʵ
һòŲģԻа취ԸǡҶ˶٣ּ˵ҲžͳһУ㶥Ҳ͸һⱱСС񡣵˵ĿɲͳһУ׳󣬾ǽнƹܣҲûпܵġ
ЦЦ˵ҶȷʵջֻϲðյˣԸԼڵĶֵأҲðΣȥʲô£ҲòŶѴˡ
Ҷüͷ£Ҫ˵ıļһûʲôϣˣҲֻ
Ҷתɨһۣ̫޷þȫλ̽⣬Կ϶ǣԶЩľ󷽿϶вˡ
ƺǿҶ˼һЦҶǵؾǿߣ֮ɽЩСԴңܹôеȻ׼ġʵҲ޷Щľ滹Ŷʮֵܣﶼǹǹڲǳ㣬ǳλƯСˡвݣ˵λֵһţǹ߻ˣȰþκηͷ
ҶȻԵú򶨣ȴҳһţһֱʲô¶ɵȨǰȫľ棬ͷһϡ˵һ˳УĵһδۣһĴۣˣʱȻڲ
Ҷû˵󺺻˻֣󺺻⣬Ҷȥ
Ҷ죬ˣߣĺԸŮˣվҲûп޿Ҷȣ෴ģֳּǿǿ̬
ߣ߳ȴţԺʲôȥ˲˵лҶԼҲԼ乶͵ȡ塣
ɵѾͷôܶأԭҶҲԼԭҾǶԼҲԼŮˡҶԶԶᶨ˵
ʹνԭ򣬰ĵɡ¶ѪħһЦݣǸɱ˲գ۵Ĺ֣ǸѪħ
ѾҶΧһͷȭͷƵҶϡ
Ȼ֮ˣǵȭͷʮ㣬ͨ˵Ļ°һȭ͵һغҶΪЩ𲻵̫ЧҲһЩˡ
ѾҶ컹ǺشԭأԹۿһЦ޵治ǵؾǿߣһĹõġ˵ţֶԲ֪ʱϵķԸװģġ
ðɣӦһȻվ𣬳ųһľȥ
ûƬִ̣Ǵľ˳ﾹǶһѳǹ
һĻʱò԰ףߣ߰ſǻ


105 ׻
ɷкξ壬ҶˣһڻȪ·ϵǵģɱҶˣҲסҶⷬɲŻҪ֪Լһˣʦ϶ΪԼ𣬵ʱ򣬿Ŷһڡ
ͷ˻ӲﵹҪĳǹųǹߵҶǰº⶯Ҷһɨ䡣
ҶǰһƬɫĻӵڹĻϣᡱ죬Ҿˮһ㣬һȦȦ
Եֵǹɨ䣬ҲʮģҶǰĹĻۿɼٶѸٰȥƼֲ˶ˡ
˵ΪǳĴ󺺣ĸҲһ˷ܺ;̾Ȼ˵Ҳ֪ؾǿ߿ʹֵӵֳͷһμ
˰ӣǰĹĻѾ޹⣬ڵҲľҶѾ
֮ǰԶԶƺҪ֮ǰסò
ᣡ
Ļ飬һӵҶ壬һƬƬѪţǹֹͣΪӵɨˡ
ԭĳ˲ָ˶ϻǹ
أ
ҶĹڵأӰԽԽģĿ޺ҲԶȥ
ҶʶʧǰɲǣԺȴͻأһԴıԹЩ廹ǴֵȥҸµˡ

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ֽǹ첽ߵҶǰ̽̽ıϢ
һǹӦûƬˡش
ȡһͷ׸ԸԴȥ͡
ǣӦһ︫ͷҪҶ첱Ͽȥ
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ҲǻȻվ¶һ˿֮ɫΪ֮ǰǸͲǴһģͺǴ˷һ㣬ɴ˿ɼԷһ
ܻһȦ˶ϡ
Щľͷʮˣﶼǹ
֧ǹСӵֶſڷ򺰵ϼһװŪб¾͸ҹ
žƬ̣ͻȻһ׷룬һɷߡ
˳֣˶ǾһٿֵľһɣߣĶʱᵽɤۣһôֻܻ֮أǰͷȻѸߣȴǾȡȻǵ֮
㣬ٹɾͲˣߴЩŵؾ
ˣʿɶֹɣɫƽȰ˵
ͷٹ£ǰһҿɾͿǹˡȵ
ߵĽŲδֹͣȻسǰ
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أһǹ
ȻǾǣЩӵڵִǰһԶʱ򣬾Ȼȫͣ˿УڿͣƬֻ̺ص˵ϡ
ѵһؾǿߣ촽ЩƬִ̺ȵҼ򣬲ͣĴ򡣡
ЩٴοǹʱѸٽ˫־ǰʮָ죬ɿؽӡ
ߵʮָʯ˾ֻܿһƬӰ
Ƭ̣߽ӡɣһӣͬʱȵС󣡡
ֻһƴС΢âͼ
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ΪһĻеʱһϯͼк£סͼ·
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һȻһͬʱǹԼ̫Ѩϡءһ£ʱѪĽ
ţһӾӴܣȻ͵ճͼɲǣһһغˣɰ˿ý
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ǰ̧ǰɡæڵؿͷģҲ׷
ϷǲԩҲȡвԱУǺΪ֪ɡ˵ţһ㽫ͼ
ͼڵţһߵĸоҲ˲ʧﻹҾ׷ſӴܣץĴҲæ
첽Ҷȥ
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㲻رˣ˵űϥ˫۱պϺԪһ⣬üļֱҶ쵤֮С
ʲôˣڵĿռͻȻһӰ
µͬʱռһƬӫ⣬ӫۼһ𣬻Ӱ
ӰͺźڰʵǸ⺢ڵɣ
ͷʲôˣôܽģǸ
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ʱڵĿռͻȻһһɫԿ
߸ǰ״СӤ޽ţֻһԴһƮ壬ȫµ忴ȥһ˸ĵâɵһ㡣
һ¶֮ɫƬ̺ɵʵѵ¾Ǵ˵е׻ꣿ
ͷû뵽ʶͦΪ׻״Իذڳ˰ȻԵõ̬
˵㱻ʥ󣬳Ϊͨű飬ôڷأѵ˵ʥʱ˲⣿ɵ
׻Դ˸е˵ûڷ;Уռ;ҺСҲռ׵ط
׻ĻϾ𾪺ʧɫҪ֪ʥǧŴ̵Ĵ棬ʿľʿǵ֪;ʵ½Сĺ䶯
߰̾һּʵΪûһ𣬶Ǽأ
Ϊṹܴ˱ı̬Сһʯͷ̫ϡС̺ĳʧ͵û취ڼĴȥ˾ֻܸˡ׻͵
ԭˡ׵ص˵ͷ׻˵Щ䵽ı̬һΪϡͷųΪ˷鱦


106 Ԫ
ιͷʲôأôأ׻ʵ
ŰشϷԪ˳ԪɣΪλ䵽ˣ˵ԺлĻɣҵþ⺢ӡ
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̾ѵǸųܹǬ̫澭׻Ծʵ
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ߣŲԸûòļһｲ׻˵
׻ѣϷڵ״̬ѾҪعʼȻˣλСϰôָ̾ɵúúðѵõĻŶԪЦѵ
ǣǵʱ˵ɣȻȥ˯ˡ˵ţ׻һΣ׵ܷɢʧӰ
Ǻǣˣ˵ôĪԵܽｵĻպؽǳԪҶѵ
ŶҶӦһ˵ǰϴ˵ʦţĲܰ¡
ѵԸҲԸϷ𣿡Ԫʵ
Ϊ˻ʦŵĻԸһҲҶ˵ԭ򣬷ѾһΣҲûʲôηˡ
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˵ţҶϵѣԭҶ˿ڣȴطҶϵǹˣȻȫѾˡ
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˵ţ·ҶϵѪһúǲʲôü壬æҶؿڡƬɫˢһ±ò԰ףΪҶѾֹͣˡ
ǰǰŵԪԣҡҡӣȴû˿Ӧ
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νֻ֮岻ԪܴĻǵҸݾÿڱػһֲĻ˵ζʲôӦúԲ򲻵ѣǾҪΪáԪ֣ѵ
ǣҶӦһǵʵԪǰҴҪò̤һأԼѶ˽ΪȺף߽⡣
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һŬģлǰҴҶϵл
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ǰģгɺ󣬲ǰʲôָʾһ߾ȫҶ˵
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107 
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⣬ԪԪع۾
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Ҳ֪ЩǴսģЩ󣬱תΪ
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ͨ׵Ľһ̣ΪŻὥҲͿɸˡ
һĹֱķʽΪǴ̾ȴˡķ˹ԪνԪ˵˾ǾԪǿܹظ֪ؼҲͼӵٶȡ
ˣ̾ʱҪԪ״̬£Ҳ
Ҷһһ鲻ͣţⰵյĿռûʱĸ
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νԪɣķֻҪԪ壬ζųɹ̤̳ҶһߺشԪ壬һš
ʱռͻȻ׻Ǻͯû뵽СԵǲǳ̶ձ㽫µķˡ
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㣬㡭׻һʱӲϻϸǵСҪ󱬷ӡ
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ľҶҲͬоȣаܹһֱ״̬Ļٶȿ¿ʮֻ̫ľĿǰԪΪҲֻ֧2ӵӡ
ٿ׻Ǹ̰ӣҶ컵Цʵô벻ȥأ
ߣŲϡһҲϡ׻˵ű㻯⣬ʧںڰ֮С
٣ǸӲļһҶ쵹Ǿ׻һͦ˼ģƣһ͵Э
ţҶûڶջغʹԪݳع
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Ҷ磬Ȼע⵽Ҷ˷ܵؽ
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ŹϺ󣬷ֻʣҶͳ̱ˣҲʱࡣ


108 д
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ŮȻ֪Լ飬Ӧ¡Ҷ²⣬ҦǴ绰ΪɷģʫãҪԼԷ
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żľѣҶ֪ԼѾǰǸǵĲƷˣԼϱųصΡ
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ȶԷ˵ȥҶϵ飬ʲôҲ˵Ҷ£һǲᷴڵġ
ҦƬ̣Ȼ˵ҶʱԷ㣬𣿡
飬㻹ҵ˼ѾҳԷ߽ɷ¹ϴҲǲıġҶᶨ˵
ҶˣҲɼϣܸһλᡣ6㣬Ƶ502ᣬһһֱȵΪֹġԱϣҦֱӹ˵绰
٣Ů˻湻ġæֻҶƵ˵űҡͷ̾߻˻ҡ
ڻ̸ãʫڴ˵绰һʱѾʮһˡ
Ҷ˵ҪȥؾƵ꣬Զæ˵˳·ͣҶ쵱Ȼܾ
ҶԶ˽ҳؾƵǰ
·ϣԶҶʵ죬ѵҪˣ
ȷʵ뷨˵ڸ̶ϵүүģӦɣҶЦԶȥ
ԶǺһЦ˵ȷʵ̶ἰڣó̶ڵмֺøС
ǰӣڻΪ̶ҹңһ̶һҿѾү׼ŮˡҶЦ˵
ԶҡͷЦǺǺǣ˵£ǽԼˣײĵͷĹܵôࡣ
үӣҿ棬ɷɫһ˻ãҪϰ⡣Ҷ޵
ںҿİɡԶЦʵ
Ҷ˵˵ǾʵүӿɱˣҿǸҽ
Ǿ͵Ըˡ
һ·ģܿ͵˴ؾƵꡣ
ΪҶ컹ҪſڵʫãԾûԶһͬȥ
ûãһµQ7ھƵǰͣ
ˣһʫãһλ긾ŮòʫмƣؾʫõĸˡӼʻģһòƽƽˣʮӣһװмֲƷٵͷʫõ׶־ơ
һҶ죬ʫϲؽһͬʱСӭȥǵҶ֡
һĻĸ־ƶɫһ䡣


110 
ãϸʲôӣĸһ˵ǰ
ʫȫûĸ׵ָЦŽ裬ѣҶ죬죬衣
ĸáҶòĸк
ĸҶ´һ飬дֲ飬ûдҶ죬һŮ֣ӲǽҶ
裬Ǹأʫĸ׵֣յʵ
˵أŮҶûޣͲ֪һ𣿡ĸѵ
裬ѣҸǣǣʫ
˵оǲСĸ̬ȺǿӲһݷӡ
ߣǣͲǣʫ죬һ˵
ʱ־Ц˵̣ͱʫˣ㿴Ƶſģǻǽȥ˵ɡ
־ưЦˣ⺢ӵױƭ㲻Ҫֲźá˵ƭʱĸҶһۣ֮˵Ҷƭʫõĸ顣
־ͬص˵ͷ˵ģʫ崿ŮȷױЩƭ
ιôô˵أŲỨʫæҶ˵
ãںˡĸŭ߳
أ˵Ĳԡʫ÷
ĸ㣬⺢ôԽԽˣǰڼʱǻǹԹɵģôûһӾôˣǸźѧˣŽл˯š˵䣬ĸʱʱҶ췭ۣҶҲֻܰһ̵ܽģ
̣ȱǽȥ˵ɡ־˵űڵزĸƵȥ
죬ԲˡʫǸؿҶ˵
ɵѾͷΪܵʲôҶʫƯС˵
ʫһϲõЦҲȥɡ
ţҶӦһȻͺʫһ߽ͬ˾Ƶꡣ
ڷĴ£һСᡣ
º־Եõ˵̣ҾƵ⽭ߵǼƵ꣬Һ;Ƶܽ鲻ǳһŴۿʲôܵ㣬òſ
ĸŲ˵һ˵־ưĴƵ갢̻ͷһ㿴Щģаôأɡ˵ֽ˵־Ƶȥ
־ƽӹ˵˵ǺðɣƽʱڼҶϲЩʲôأ
ҲǶ֮ļҳ£־ư㼸ˣҲԲˣ̫˷ˡĸȰ˵
־ưڰ˵̣ԳԺȺܻ˶Ǯأòſ
ò˺ĸֶʫ˵ð㲻ڼҵʱ־Һ֣ÿζŴСĲƷˮɼ־ǸТ˳ĺӣҺֿɶһĺŮ
裬ͰҲǵģƽ޹ʵ˼ҶأʫüԹ
־ҲһƬ⣬ܲܽȥɣĸ˵
־ָ˵ǰֻҵһССˣʫҲ̫⡣
ĸּð־ˣܣĻҲͶˣҲͿˡ
ʫãֻҪܸһᣬһ֤Ҷġ־Ͽҵ˵
һһȣȫҶԲˡ
Ҷ˵ˣѾˣҿ㻹ǳɡʫᶨػؾ
ĸȻˣһŭɫĽ˵⺢ǲаأ־ǮģĵСӲأ˵ҿԶĴңܹ޽ȥĸݣܱȸСӳԿҪðɣ
ҶҲǺ֪־ԭִҵһϵֻ֧СӽһзԲû˿Ϊ
裡鲻ǽڽǮ֮ϵģǮˣԺҲδػҸԣ㻹Ǳˣ˭һҸԼˡʫЩͷ˵
㣬⺢ǲǳ˳ӲˣĻҲˣĸŴŭǵ
־æȰο̣ӿɲãҿʫҲֻԻһʱͿˣֻҪʱ䣬һ׵ġ
㿴˼־ƶŮ֪Т˳ˡĸʫð˰˵
ʱŴС̵Ĳˣ˽
һ̲ʱ־һ⣬ٿͷλԱŵƿľͩʱûȡ
Ա㣬ǲϴأǺûЩ˰ɣƿҲǵġ־Ƽæѵ
Ҫ֪⼸˿ȫǼ۸񰺹ɫˣֻƷ㶼úüǧǮһӼô˵ҲʵǮ־ƵҲ𣬵żƿƿϸһ̱꣬һ1982ľͩƣǿʮݳƷûѵ
λźƵķԱæ͵ЩȺͺƶԷԸġ
ԷԸģ־һ㶣ҺҲͼһѣûôĽɣΪλ˰ľƲأ
ɻ󣬵־ƻװһȻӣЦԭˣ̫ˣԱС㣬鷳ȥܵл
ǣԱĴӦһͬʱִ򿪺ƣΪ˸һСȻ뿪˰ᡣ
ʫĸŮһƵӣ־æЦŽ͵̣ոҲǸ˵ҺҾƵЩⲻƵ꣬صЩľƲˡ㿴̼Ʒ㣬ǿ̲Ʒһ˶úüǧǮƿǲˣ²¿ƿֵǮ־Źĸʵ
ĸ룬Ǻȷػشô˵ҲǮɣ
̣̫͹ƿˣ1982ķľͩƣҲʮ򡣡־ưڳһŵı˵
ʮ򣿲ɣôһƿƾȻҪʮǮô˵һС͵ˣĸĳԾ˵ֻžƱҲ΢΢š
ɲҲ̫ˡ־ưڳһµ˵ֵ̣֪λܿǽͷ֮һ˵˾ǽǮλеһ
־ưȻôĴҲҪͽ㣬ӻ湻ġĸԼеλԽԽˡ
ĸôһ䣬־ү졪ˣϻǹǫ˵ǺǣʵҲûʲôĲЩ򽻵
һɪӣҶ컹治ȥҴʫһмΪҶҲûȲ־ơ
̣Ե㡣־ڵΪĸȥһ⣬ֶʫ˵ʫãϲʲôԼУǧÿ
ʫȴǶҶ˵죬԰ɣôòˣɲ˷ˡ


111 
˵ҲǡҶ˵ͷȻҨһʫ˵ʫãѿ̲ʥƷȵ㡣
ţʫÿĵشӦһ
ܵӿɰ־̣ҶһۣĵǰҶҲԵ㣬ԺɾûԵЩɽ亣ζˡ
ҶҲø˼ƽϣԹԵ̻
ĸԽҶԽòˬһһõ˵˵ã۾ȥأôͻʶôûϢˡУð˽ˡ
裬û˵ôáʫæҶ˵
ǰĸʵҺġҶһ߿Źһ˵
ҿԶȷʵͦġĸб۵Ҷ죬г˳ζ
֪ԷڷԼҶ컹ǺƤЦٺ٣лĸ佱
ȻֲҪˣӴʲôСĸ
̣ҼöˣҿʫҲֻΪǮˡ־ƶĸ˵ȻŤͷҶ쿴ȥʵҪֱ˵ɡ
Ҷµؿ־ƣʵܳأ
Ҷôʣ־Цһͷĸ˵㿴˵ûɡ
־ƣһǮҲĸߵ˵ֶʫõãڿĿ˰ɣ
裬ɲ̰֮ˡʫüᶨ˵
ھȻ˵㣬ûþˡĸɫס
̣»ǽɡ־ĸοһȻֶҶ˵Ҹ5Ǯϴʫǰ뿪
ҶЦһ˵5Ǯô˵ʫҲֵ5Ǯˣ
㣡־ƶʱ
ѵ˵ҪǲϵĻҾٸһλᣬʫֵʲôۣͳʲô۰ɡҶһаЦ˵
־Ƴ˰죬һ˵ҸˣڿɲҪʫãʫɲƷ
ҶüͷһȻ˵ƷƷļֵҲ˵ļֵû˵ЩǶ۵𣿡
ʫÿ޼۵ġ־ƿѾһĻشˡ
Ҷû׷ŹȻʫö˵޼֮óһԪߣԸ⣿
һڣңôǮ־յ
ҳһڣʫãԸ𣿡Ҷּʵ
ߣԲѣ⸱࣬õóôǮ𣿡־Ʊĵ
Ҷʼ磬ֶƱ˿ںƣȻƵ˵㲻ҪòõóЩǮֻҪشԸԸ⡣
־ƿɲɵӣ֪ԷóôǮȻϵػشԸˡ
Ҷ˫һ̯źǾ͹ϲˣǵòʫãͬʱʧһԪҪ֪֮ģľͲҪǿʲµľͲҪǿ̡
ߣҿû֪֮ɣ־Ƴȵ
Ȼô룬ҲûҶ첻ΪȻЦЦּ
ҿǸãҪǲƲϵĻͱˡĸ촽ȻǷŭ˼㡣
裬ôôأѵǮôҪ𣿡ʫð˵ʵ
ѾǮǮˣ㿴ԼʶǸʲô˿̣ĸѾȫݲҶ졣
ˣ㲻Ҫѡ񡣡ʫһ˿ǿͼ㡣
ĸŮϵҪֽӣ־æ˵̣ͱΪʫˣҪԸеǰ취˵ţ˫ĿҶȥĿ֮дһ˿
ȻôţǾԼɣҽŮ޷ĸҡͷ̾Ϣ
̣Ͻ԰ɣ˶Ҫˡ־˵ĸȥһ⡣
˶û˵ٷʢ͡
Ա֮ȥ뿪ǰ־ƻʣµİƿƸϣҪ֪ǼֵҺ
߳ᣬԶӴ첽˹󻹸żλװӣȻҾƵĸ߲쵼
Զӭ־ƸϽӭǰȥЦǺǵл̫ܰˣĳҲֻǹԶٷѣֺαôľƲأ
־ƶԶԷĳƺʫĸŮȻҲ֪λ߱ҴƵˣرĸµֺĴһŵʫʵð˼ôľƲˣǲҲҪȥлأ
裬ˣֲʶǣʲôлءʫҡͷ˵
ʱԶȴɻ־ʵǣ
˶㶣ܵȻǲʶ־ƣƲνأ
ΪƵȻ־ˣЩؽ͵ң־ưǰһһԹģ㲻ǵ𣿡
־ƣԶü룬ҡҡͷ̾ϢˣӲˣԶ¶ǲ̫ˣҪ黳
Զⷬ־Ƶɫʱסˣĸǽǵʫõ˵ѽðЩƲ˸òǻ˼ʹ˰ɣڶǸˣôǺأ־˵Ʋ˿ɵûʮܲĸļ
ûʫó԰οԶȴƹ˷־ƣҶ˹Цʵ찡Ʋ˻θڰɣ
ү԰ŵĲȣܲʿҶЦ
찡ԼҵطԺòſܳԾܺȾǡ˵ţԶֻͷǼҾƵ꣬ǿԲͷҵԲΥָʾס𣿡ԶⷬȻǱҶ߾⡣
ǣҶԺʲô뾡ܷԸͬ˵ͺкõһ㡣
ʫ֪Ҷݲһ㣬ȴûϵԶҲ˿˿̣ǰ˼ֱһĴڡ
ĸɫЩΣû뵽ոջԼ꣬Ȼݡǣ֮ǰŶԷģŶԷģȴŶԷ
ĸԣΪĻ־ƣ֮ǰڿ˵Լܽ鲻ǳһΪǿԼӲЩƲˡڻԼΪô޴ЦٿŵƣǶˣ޲Ҹضȥ
ʱһλװͦӴż˴Ա·ԶӿشкҪ·֮ʱƳҶ죬æͷ΢΢ҶкλҶҽһһᡣ
⿴Ƽ򵥵һĻȴ˳ԾѣԶҲֻǵͷһЦѡɿҶȻֵ˹˵ʲôٱҲ֪ˡ
Ҷ첢ʶǰӣԲµϴԼϸƵʱһڳԲŻƺԼΪҶҽ


112 
Ϊ֪ԷݣҶҲֻܵͷһЦԱӦ
ҶҽүӣҾˣλȲ衣ЦŸǵ
룡ˡԶ͡
תȥ
ã˵ʲôﰡĸСʫʵ
ңҲǺʫҲһӡ
ô᲻֪أĸƵ
ǽҲûʫ÷ܵ
ĸ˵ֵۣ⺢Ҳǵģôû˼ҵϸððʧʧظ˼ҽء
ʫƲƲû˵ʲô
ӺҶԶʵүӣңòҲ˵Ŀζɣ
ǺǣȻǣȷʵеҪ˵ԶҡͷЦ
Ҷ˵ͷʫÿȥ˵ʫãҪ߰ɡ
ŶʫùɵشӦ
ĸֿ˵Ǹ찡ʱͶãһŮͷʵڲİ
Ů˱ֱȱ컹죬˺գȻҶ첢ϲˣ˼ҺôҲʫõĸףνɮ濴棬ӻǵøġ
ĸģһúչʫõġҶ칧شӦ
úãô˵ĸҲͷˡĸЦǺǵ˵
ʫ˵ԼĸܹҶ죬Ȼٺòˡ
־СӣѾ޵ݣҵĻͿˡ
ʫĸŮҶԶڴϢ
үôң֪ʲôأ£Ҷʵ
ģո̶绰˵֮ʲôìǰɣҿѾͷͦĵģصع㡣Զ˵
ǺǣġҶ콫ϴκڽ̸үϸ˵һ顣
ҶĻԶһЦ찡Ҳʹ̫ðˣڿɲôǵģûϺ˵ͷ֧ɱѻҿ㻹Ǿ콫ˣҪȻǹʱܻ׼ԴġԶЩǵѵ
ҶҡͷЦүˣӵκβҵġ´˾֣ҲֻΪ˿ֵֵѾȷǸ֮ţȻҲûҪ̽ȥˣҾ͸
Զڰ֣˵òŵˣѾѾͷڸˣҲ쵽ˡ
Զ䣬ͷǻĽкүү磡
ѭȥ
ⲻԶЦ
˺߽ܿϢ
үӣҶֵܡһһк
磬⼸㶼ȥأȥﶼӰҶɻʵ
е㼱»ϼңȷʵܾûȥѧУˡҶڻش˵ڿȥʵֵܣҺ̶ĹϵӦҲ˰ɣ
ҶֵЦǿˣֵҲһЩֵҶΪԶûţڵǹ׼Դˡ
أ磬ԺɲôΣյˡС춣
֪ѾͷҶСӡ
Ǻǣ鶼Ѿ˵ˣǴҲͱǰˣԺһˡԶֺǺǵ˵
ȻһˣЩҲͲĨˣֵܣûȤأҶ쿪żɽʵ
ҶֵܵˣҲжţֻ˱Ƚϲƽִɱɱӿɹϰߡ֮⡣
ҶҲż˹˵ֵ˵ˣҿû㿸Ŵ󵶳ֱ˵ɣҵ˼ǣ֮λ
ʲô죬ѣѵ׼˳ˣԶЩżʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵үӣż͡˵ţҶֶһСڣȻŻ˵أֵǡ෴̫ƽҷӦұȽϲ׷ֵϵĴ̼עʺϵָӹٵġߣʦŹޣҲʺͷ¶λãԾֵܲӦҲһ˴档
Ҷô˵ԶҲֻ̾˿εصͷͬȻЩѴȻҲǿڹԸԸλãǾڹԼˡ
û˵˼ӡ
Ҷֽ˵֮ԻѡֵܣҪǿǵֵܵĽ깫ݣǱѾλӣְֵܹ֮ضƴ𡣡
Զͷͬ˵ûڹڽνǵǸһɽӦͺñ˴һ֧Ѿ
Զԣɶ˻ᡢЩڵңģȻ˲ְڰ׵Ҫڹܹ濸죬Чɾˣ˵Ǻڵ쵼֮¡
¹ϵش󣬻ҿ졣ڲδϾɲСҼңһλãƱػӰ쵽ļ塣
Ǻðɣֵܾͺúÿ죬֮ǰҴ𸴡Ҷͬ
֣صص˵ͷ
뿪ؾƵҶֱӻ˱
̱Ȼڿӡ
Ҷûдǣֱ¥ȥ
صҶιʳǿֵʯͷڴϥ£ʹԪϣ֮ڡ
иʮ־ǰ̾ķһԪһ߸û취ͬʱ
ҶΪеƵʱ׻ǰ
ιСӣҿһھԪͬʱ⣬û´ɣ׻һթЦ
ΣҶ첻ΪȻػش
ǵĻǾˣҸ裬Ҫͺɡ׻
ôأҶʵ
ܼ򵥣㲼Ǹ鷨󣬶׻ش
ҪôأҶ컳ɵʵ
òŲˣа취׻Ȼ˵
ҶЩĵʵòˣʲôưɣ
ιСӣôС֮ĶȾ֮أǼ٣һβ֪ˡ׻û˵
Ҷתһ룬ӦǺãԿɡ˵̧ӡʼ
ϴεĳɹ飬β࣬ƬѲɣҰ׻ǼһҲһС
һ˿˿˷۶ӿռڡ
ڵŨȴﵽ֮׻˷ܵػ绡ĴҴͬʱ˵̫ˣ̫ˣѾܾû鵽Ũܵˡ
ι¸ʲôأϽʼɡҶߴٵ
Сӣˣбٶٵñǰٱ׻˵
׻ĻҶɲôţΪȻ˵ڴţ֮ǰóɼɡ
ô㲻űĻǾưɡ
ţ׻Ҳٷϻ»û״̬ȻƮǿŸǰһţȻŸȥ


113 
һĻҶʱЩżˣι㣬ڸأ
׻ûжͣ۾һӡ
һ̣ռ׻ΪĿʼתγһ״Ǻӡ
ҶҲûٶǣϽԪع壬ȻдľʼľͬʱԿٵػָֻҪ״̬ҲͿάȥˡ
һֱ㡣
ֹͣҶʹԪݻ
Χɢ׻۾һֹͣȻ콫ҶŸ˳
Ҷǣ̶ĸСʱŵĸͷȻ˲٣ǰƽٶĻҪﵽЧҲĸ¡
ҶԾӣ׻˵֪˰ɣ
СеҶЦ޵׻Ǵĵױʾ
׻ּ˵ʽٶȷֻҪȥϵظ֮УһҲõӦ
ĻǾٺòˣε͵Ϊֹɣټ˿ɹ۵ĳɼҶҲ˲١
ԹѾǰ㣬ΪϻҪ£Ҷš
ֻָүүڿᡣ
Ҷ˷׷к
º󣬾ָ˵磬ϵжΣղС㿴ҪҪһ֧һͬжأ
ǰʮ̸У츮رһʮɭϣҾӦһ֧СԷսԷעȻٳûȥү
Ҷ룬ҲмֵϴαʹûǹɨľԼܹסʮӵĹ츮פĻȷʵźܴΣԣϾҪԸͷλ֡
Ҫɣһ֧ӸһЮ֮˳ƽ츮൳ɾȻֱפ츮Ҷ
û⣬ȥ顣˵ű߳˰칫ҡ
磬ҪҪʲôүԾԾԵʵ
㣿һʿʲôԹĸ첲ɡҶò
ǰϻͱϹˣø첲˵ɡָҲȰ
үήˡ
ָ˶Ǳߣһʲôٶʱһ㱨ҶָԸ
ǣָشӦ
ʮӺ󣬺Ѿټ˶ʮǹСܣ¥´
ʱ࣬Ҷ
ʮƺƵ꿪
ʱߵ㣬ص츮ҡ
ǰʮϴﻹҰڳ˿ӣûߵ㣬һ͹Ƶģ̸ǰ
ߵӵʱͷԻమ߽˻ҡ
λϵʮϴѸվϹϾк
ֺߵǰȻλϰڰ֣ϴŸȥ
˵ϴ̸еʱ򣬻ֻɱŵ³ǵӿǲСɫ֮иǴһ̹ǵ⡣
ⷬʮλϴľս
æ͵ʵģ³ǱǸҶһɱһϵҲûС
ǰĸûϵ
ǽʮҲҰ

һһ׷Ρ
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ҲǲǱƵģǾǱѳʵǷģιҪʦġʴٸһνĻᣬֻҪܰѾָͺ˻׽֮ǰĴͼ̡Ц˵
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115 
ţҶʵȻڱ츮פأһ־Ǵˣڴ˵Ϣ֪٣
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116 
ҶۣԷ˵ˣʵӦøлĻŮҪôֲиĴҽҲͲˡ
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117 
ſڣ͸ϵĲҶҲ˷вȻŭȻţȥ
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Ҷлл㣬ҿԱҲֻˣֻҪ㲻Ը⸶һСҦҶ˵
˵ʲôɵأôôƯȥҸ˼˰ɡҶȰ
Ҧҡҡͷ˵ҲټˣҶҪҪңһһΪ׵ġ
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢǺοأҰҲֻϣҸôһƬ
ҦȥᣬЦҶϳ֮⣬õˣҸˡ
ҦŮˣȻ־ҲܸıģҶҲûȰ
ǵҦΰĹ˾ϰ࣬Ҷڹ˾һ׻ŵСһ𡣿ǵҦûǮҶɴཫϴܷİпֱѾͷжرҶһޡ
뿪ҦıҶԭǴԼģӿ·ͻȻ绰˵Ըⵣְ֮ҶϽֻ
˵绰Ҷֻ̣ʻȥ·ϻָ˵绰ϵˣ׼ᡣ
˵ڲ飬ϯֻоָүүкڹһ
ΰĺԶλæˣҶ첢ûȥǣԶǱȻȥ˵ΰǱߣҶȥһˡ
ϣڹԵЩ˷ܺͽţ˵һμҪĻ飬ѡڹʮĴ˵ʲôˡ
ڻûҶ˽Ǳߵ
˽˲ʱñСǿ߽ҡ
ڣָ˷׷кҶǽ쵽ǰ
ɨһۺҶɫ˵ټҹһҪҪ
˶һڴؿҶ죬ԭҶΪҶָҪֻڵļˣɵҶ˵Ҫ֮λʱ˶һǺͲ
ҶȻ֪˼˵ּ˵ҷģֻ֮λѣҪ˳ˡڹպգְ֮ȻҪСߺ
磬ʮǳ֮£óȻλ»Ӱүǵ
ҲҺڹϴԭֻҪڹϴȥúϴӦûܵġҶڹ˵
ҶڹһὫ˼شʮһλϴ󡣡ڹ˵
Ҷͷָ˷ԸٶɢϢ˵ڹӼˣҶ˾Ӷߣ˽ڹ쵼
ȻҶִˣָҲûʲô顣
󣬵һ˵ȻǸ͵ˣԵ˵ʱǱ¶âնɱҲһĴԭ򡣼ȻλãҲʾһһŪһʱӦÿԽ˵սһµ̨ס
һ뵽ڱǸָ޲˷ܽкá
ΪףΣǰؾƵϯһ١
緹Ҷص׼ʼʫȴ˵绰˵ԷҶ쵹Ҳû룬ڴӦ
һ磬Լʱʫٴδ绰Լڶ˽ֵŵڴ档
ҶȻ˵һȻͳš


118 
ϵŵڵʱ򣬼ʫ·һұͤǰȴ
ҶӭǰȥһʫЦӯӯǰǵҶ֡
ʫţҶһֲĸоǿʫǰ㿪ĵӣҲû˵ʲôɨ˵Ļ
һҵ꣬˸ᡣ
죬̫ллˡλºʫøм
òſˣؼ𣿡Ҷһڲ裬ʵ
ûأϾǹˣ漸죬ٻȥʫûش
ҲáҶͷͬ
˶һصӣû˵ʲô
ҶǣαסԼʫ֮ľ룬ڸû֮ǰ̫Ů˳ϹϵһΪиʱҲΪǵİȫǡ
ʫģȴҶ෴
ؼҵ·ϣĸ׾һֱߴȷԼҶ֮ĹϵܾҸӰѻˡĸȻǵ˵ϵȹ̣ʱһɢĿܣǵʱ־Ǳ߸ˣҶˣǿɾˮһˡ
ĸĹȻҲĵϾҲֻϣԼŮܹһ˼ңҶܹȻٺòˡǶϣŮ֣ܳѡߵ־ơ
ԣʫҶԷġ
һŮ˵Ҫ飬ȻЩݣٷܿҪˣʫȴûôڣΪ׳һ˼ƣ˵Ư
ʫãôأҶЩǵʵ
ΪҿԣԶȵ㡣ʫñҲûʲô¶ǣԴЩѣˡ
ٿҲܺôưʫҪﵹƣҶæѾƿӸ
ʫóĬƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷҶ죬ʵ죬ϲ𣿡
Ҷһ㶣⻹סˣ˵ϲǺѾͷ͸ˡ˵ϲѾͷǵ͸ҶʵڲԼİŮġԥƬ̺˵ʫˣһؼҰɡ
ûУûУ죬İˣԣҲ֪ǲĵġʫͷѣԵ˵
֮ǰĶĵġҶҲֻܴӲ𰸡
𣿡ʫԴԺδ⵽Ҷⷬһ˼ĵЦţõ㻨ǮĺƵġ
ˣʫãؼҰɡ˵ţҶǰȥʫ÷
죬ǽɡʫÿҶ컳˵
ʫ˵ĺᣬҶȴĺۣ˵̫ء
û˵ʫþֱ߳˰ᡣ
뿪ŵҶʫ͵˼ҡ
ʫסǳⷿΪֻǸ䣬ĸױ˾Ƶꡣ
Ȼ󣬵ʰĺܸɾҲˬڼ仹һɺʫǺϵ㡣
ʫûӣҶϣ
ҪʫͻȻһץס첲ȻһҶһȣ˵ʫõϡ
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ҶȻûϵֵѾͷƬ̣ʫþչ˹ơ
ŮˣҶ־ܿݣʫѹ¡
ǣҶǽҪԭʼĳ嶯ȡһ̣ԴͻȻһʹ磬硭ǸСŮ۵ͣԺصķԼǱʶ
ҶĶֹͣˣеԡ֮ɢ
ԲҲôҶʫվ
죬ѵ㲻𣿡ʫסҶ֣ʵ
ǲǲܰŮˣҶЩʹ֪Լᶨĸ𰸣ܹѶˡ
Ϊʲô죬֪㻹ŮˣҲģĲġʫ˵ǸŮˣϴҶӵ绰ֻǺѡʵҲֻ֪ǸԡΪˣûнҴԣԸƭԼ
ʫãΪ⡣Ҷüͷ֪ͣΪںǰŮˣܵһΣա
ΪʲôΪʲôѵΪѵҲֵȥ𣿡ʫѾץҶ֣ɿ
ҲֵȥʫãôҲΪãֻϣܹϰ˵ţҶִʫг˳һۣȻת߳˷䡣
ʫÿֹҶҲᣬǶôҪתȥסǸŮˣǼŲ¥ݡ
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ʱ޿̲ڴ̼Ҷ񾭣ܰǰļģ壬ôһǿҵԡϢǾǸԡ
ҶԼҲԡΪλǿң˵仹δָЩȥ˾ͺİһ㣬ܻἤǿҵĸԡ
ҲΪǰ̫ãЩõļ⵽ƻǱʶŲǿҵĸԡ
ΣҶ춼ŬȥҿԼ֪ǰЩ䣬˽Լȥĸĸˡ
µѾûлͷأΨһģǼ̤֮·ȥǰǵ
һϣҶԻЩ
ԹͺҶ쿪ȥΰļңһҪԼλ֮£Ϊ˿硣ǰԼյ϶˲ģպô˻ûȥ˵ҲЩ
սţСѾͷ˳
˾ˣ˵Ҫȥ԰档
Ҷ챧ڣЦʵҪȥ԰ϻ𣿡
ǣǿȸ
ʱ찡ǰôأɲಡų
㣬²ģҲѹҵģ˵ܸ֯ëҴϣǾ͸ǵǹ룬ˮˡҶƤЦ˵
˰ۣû
㣬ոյ绰˵Ҫ³ǲҪʲô׼ҩأҶһɵı飬ɲλʲôóԵĲˡ
䣬Դһʹ
˾˰ˡƽкá
СѾͷȻֻŲž˾˰㶪ȥҶС
æĸ׸״裬˾˵ҪҶȥ
ŻأǽʮҲҡҶ˵ۣţ˫Ů˵豧ȥ¥ϿƬ
˽绳ȻֻͷҶСͷ˸


119 
٣СȻҶҲСͷҶ˵ֹ⽫ȥ
裬裡æ绳
ˣ˾˸㿪ЦءȰֶҶ˵ڴأҪ˵
ŶҶӦһȻתȥ
Ҷ磬մӳ߳Ҷ죬Цشк
кҶߵΰĶ
ҽҪ˵¡ºҶ˵
ǹλε°ɣΰķıֽǳЦʵ
ҶԾȣЦЦʵѵ˭Ѿǰ͸¶ˣ
Ǻǣϣָʹ绰ˡΰĻش
Ҷͷ˵ȻҲʡٽˡ
ΰüͷһ˿ʵ찡λûʲôֻ֮λ᲻Ƿ׵
ͷĺˣλöҪǿȻҪԸ⵱ĻǰͲýġҶ쿪Ц
ΰҡͷǺǣҿɲ뵱ǹӣ˵ҹ˾æúܣﻹʱ֮¡
ʱˮֱҶΰ˸ǰ
ǰʨΰ˵
Ҷ豭˿ȻַڱǰţһڣͣƬ̺ȥ
²豭ҶҶαƽ⻬ѿҶɫ̣ëȸࡣˮŨ߳־ãζʴˬƢζȷʵɫ䡢ζʡľֻݵķʽʧõڳʱҪؽˮ¡ʱϸڡȣӳˮˮϿѿҶȽϸۣҪ85ҵĿˮݡмùˮ裬ΪķˮƻеҶأʹƣҶеĲӪҲиʹơҺܶ෼ڸ׻ӷʹζ١
û뵽Ҳôо滳ǲרҡΰЦ޵
ҶҡҡͷЦֻǰȹ٣ĵðˡЩϵ裬ϵƣҶ˵Ǽҳ㷹
˵ţҶոյĻΰʵղŽ˵Ҫ˵ʲôأ
ģϴλʫõĹһͻȻ绰˵ְæӣҲ֪ǲǳʲô¡ΰЩǵ˵
ְҶüͷ𣬰룺ѵΪܾԵʣҲΪְɣǴ绰һʡ
뵽Ҷΰ˵ȥ绰
ΰĵͷӦ
Ҷߵǰóֻɴȥ˵绰
绰ܾòŽͨ
ιɽ𣿡
ңҶɣɵЩ֡
ң˵ʫְˣôأҶЩʵ
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ɽһ֪ԭɣ鷳ҡµӣҶߴٵ
ɣʫҲҪ˵ġΪѵ
ԷΪѣҶҲֻ̾˿˵ֻҪʫòʲô鷳ǾˣˣɣҪʲô¼ʱҵ绰
Ҷϵ绰ȴͻȻ˵ȵȡ
ʲô𣿡Ҷɻ
ԥƬ̺˵ңҾ»ӦøȽϺá
Ҷһ㶣׷ʵ׳ʲôأ
̾˿ģʫһͺϼˣ˵ҪǸ־Ƶ˶ˡ
ʲô飿㣬û˵ɣɾǹˣôҴææͶˣҶЩԾ
ҲأȻǸ־ƺҲͦǮӣһǾȲ㣬ҿʫҲĸԸģҶϲʫõĻһ취ֹǶ顣Ȱ˵
Ƭ̣Ҷ쳤̾һȻ˵ҲǸ־ҲǸѡҪȸҺá
ЩιҶ죬ôô˵أʫϲĿ㣬һԼϲҸѵĿڱ˺ź֮й°뱲𣿡
ʹʹʱһӦûġҶһĭг嶯һȥ
ҿʫѡǸ־Ҳֻһʱ嶯ѣֳ嶯ѡҸ𣿡Ƭ̣˵һʫüҵĵַ㣬ȥȥԼ˵ţع˵绰
Ҷϵ绰Ҷ쳣ء
죬ǲǷʲôˣҶһ˻ΰĵĵʵ
Ҷҡҡͷֻе㷳յˡ˵ɳ۾ʵ̫࣬඼Ů˵飬ʼԼǶԻǴ
Ƭ̣Ȼɷģŵʫüҵĵַ⴮ַ滹һ仰ͼ˵ģ飬ֻ飬ʹ˸Ϊ׳һ㣬ŮҲ
仰ҶסˣԼֻһζԼĹǿߵˣȴǵĸܡ
ԼһֻһҲҸģǺԼһ𣬾һҲʹģôʹһأ
뵽Ҷæΰ˵鷳ϰҶһǰ˫ɵĻƱǽɵġ
ϣ죬ѵҪȥϣΰЩԾ
ţȥĻԼڡҶɫᶨȻѾ¶˾ġ
ǺãϽȥ졣ΰ˵űԼȥ˵绰
ϣڤڤ֮УҶ֮·
˲һСʱΰĵ㽫Ʊ˹ɻʱ2㡣
ΰļҳ緹ҶҴҸָֻһֻرȻ˵һȻųǰ
ڷɻǰҶʫô˺ü绰ǶʾػҶǡΪɸĵַֻȷĸ岢δ˵¾ֻʣһʱ䣬Ҫһ֮ҵʫõļңɲǼɵ¡
Ҷ׼ʫô绰ʱһλƯĿսѵɻˣֻص𣿡
ҶҲֻεعֻƽʱĻôƯĿսһϷһȴû顣
ۿҶصֻ󣬿ս΢Цллϡ˵űҪתȥɾת֮ʱһ࣬һòĹͷƨһѡ
սʶؼһ߷ŤͷȥǹͷʲôˣٿǵԼݣսֻ˵һ㡣
ͷ˿ΧЩĵĿ⣬аЦ˵ٺ٣ӣСƨƨͦԲģһǳˬҪ·ɻȥ


120 
գս㻹ǿŭ˵ص㡣˵űҪתȥǸתһŮӵԱ鷳кհȫԱ
սͷȥ˵ڹͷϵһλòŮʵλŮʿʲô鷳𣿡
һ̫ʵˣռұˡŮյػش
ҶܸоЩ죬ǽһ࣬ĿƹսλϿȥȻǹͷԱߵλϿһϤףڰϣǸԼǿǹƯŮġ
Ĵųȹ˿࣬Բ޳ĴҪոожոУҲѹֻͷҡ
ͷĵľٱﵱȻܲˬĿȥǵǣ˭ռأҪӣŲӽ͵ͷǸŵļһڵϣǸڵġ
ԷɷӣǱŵӣԼû֤ݣȷʵöԷǾôŹĻȳԱߺԼض
ԱҲԵЩΪѣҲͷǸҵģֲø¡
ŮǰΪѵʱһӲ𣬡ιͷһλá˵Ҷ졣
Χ˶Ҷ쿴˹ȥֻǸüĿС꣬ⵣΪҶ˵ɲôǹͷû׼ðᡣ
սҲһ¶֮ɫȻǵҶóȻͷԴ
Ҷ죿ԴϲõĽлܿ˵ʱܹˣǾ͸ûʲôرҶֲļһ
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СӣղźʲôͷüŭĿغʵ
ͷ£ԴôͷѲɻͷ𣿡ҶЦ
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ֻͷָձ㱻Ҷ̽ס󣬽šǡһ죬ͷӦ󴦲90ȡ
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ģ֪ҶֲԿͷ³δ̫Ծֳָм飬Ϊ֪ҶΪŻֵġ
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ĵľٶҶЩƣĨĨƲ˵Ҳ̫СˣҺôҲһأҿ۱۸¡
УߣѻһڣЩ˶һɫԴһƲߺߵ
㴩ôոˣΪ˸Щɫĳ˿Ҷ
ŲǣҴԼüһȻ˵
Ҷĥ˵Իֲ֣öӦôҷǣôڵĶû˼
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ԸĻǵȻòˣ֪жܻݡҶƤЦ˵
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Ҷû´һȦѾͷһɫ֯·ȽϿɣѹıȽϵͣĵ䲻Ǻܱ¶һ˵СɰҶ쿴̿ˮ
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Ҷڳһӣ˵Ҷ߳жƫƫ˾ӣôռһŮӵСأ̰С˵ΪֱҸеΪݵġҸΪΪһӺҪɼ̰СֺɫΪ򲻿ȡġȻҪռ˵ĻᣬҲǾԲܴʧġ
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ĵ־ûͷƵģޱȣָкܺãҶġ
ȴߴصͷһżǣ֣ЩšԼͨͨ÷ɿ죬İ˼ΪʲôһǣһоôأѲϲˣܣܣǲżѣôܻϲأ˵ôɫһ֪ʲôˣҲŲϲء
뵽͵͵Ҷ쿴ȥҶ۾˯ӣ󵨵ضҶϸͬʱʵõͦ˧ģҪܰѺɫĻϰ߸ˣǸöá
Ŀ÷㶵ʱҶͻȻ˵ôңòϲ˰ɣ
ĻæĿ˻ȥ˲øƻƵġ
ңҲûпءĽƱ
ѵոһֻСĸڿңҶ컵Ц˵
㣡ߣš
ˣٶɻҪȥˡҶ쿪Ц
ŤͷһɻȻѾգԼȻûλٿҶץŵֻ֣ͻȻһصůҶĴ


121 
ѵΪůҲûλ𣿡ľҶ쿴ȥѾ۾͵Լٲæֽ
УСͷʲô˲ġҶƲ˵
㻹ĵ
ֻǿ·ôƯѡҶ
š૵
ţҶֺʵιѾͷȥʲôأ
쳤ٻؼ£ʲôûػش
ô˵ˣҶĴһȦʵ
𣿡ҶЩƵ
ٺ٣ǵǡҶЦ
أҲǻؼ𣿡ʵ
ȥ¡Ҷ򵥵ػش
£ĽҶ³˳򣬻ɵҿҲʲô¡
Ҷúա
Ÿ˵ɣһλѱƻ飬ȥء
϶ŮѰɣĿЩҶܸⷬоЩζ
ôԴˣҶЦʵ
˭˭Դأĺ
ˣ˵ûԴסҶ
㣡ֻյؽԴƲ
Ҷʵι˫𣿡
㡣İڳһ˵ӡ
֪أϰط𣿡Ҷڴʵ
һԾػعͷ˵ҼҾء
̫ˣ»ɵ鷳·ˡҶϲѾͷ·Ǿʡȥˡ
ŮѼϰ𣿡ĺʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ̾˿Ҳ֪ϰ򣬾ĸͲö֪ˣ»÷һѰҡ
һתЦ˵ɣոհҽѵǸͷķϣҰҡ
ֻǣϣҪϰҸҲûôװɣҶһϲһʧ
ͷĺˣҴع־ֳֻҪԷǺڻǶܲóĵ˵
Ҷ۾һϲ̫ˣҾͿʡ鷳ˡ
Ůѽʲôأʵ
ʫãֵ֣ʫʫϲõáҶϸ֮
ĬУȵغҾͰȥҴ󲮲һ顣
Ǿ鷳ˣΪ˱ʾлǲӦҵĴ֮أҶ컵Ц
ҪǴеĻȫ˶ǴˡִŵҶ˵
ҶüͷһҪǲŵĻԡ
㣡ôҿɾͲˡЩӡ
úúãЦˣ;һ˯һɡ˵ţҶ㿿ϣ۾Ϣ
Ŀ˿ֻԼĴ֣֪Ϊֲֵĸо
һ·һֱǣֱ֣ðҲûɿ
ʱ򣬷ɻִ˫ɸʻ
Ҷ죬ѾôˣҪҸס°ɡ˿ɫ
УҶӦһ̧ǰʻһ⳵
ʦȥߵľƵꡣϳҶ˾Ը
ϣ˾ӦһתŶ濪ȥ
ι⸽ߵĿǼƵ꣬ǾסһȥֵطɣЩǵȰ
ĺˣСǮҶ컹ǳġҶڰ˵
ȻԷô˵ˣĵҲپᣬǮҲòԼ
ûã˾ͰصһǼƵſڡ
³ҶĵֱƵȥĵļȻҲصǮ󻧣ٰߵҲǼƵ꣬ǰǼƵͷһԵЩ
̨ǰƯŮԱʺá
Ҷͳһп̨һͳ׷
һ㶣æҶ첲СȰҶ죬òסôߵɣ
СǮѡҶ첻ΪȻ
ǡĺЩǡ
ûʲôǵģ͵ұæˡҶ˵
ɾʱһӵͳ׷
˼Ƶֻһͳ׷λѾһˡԱǸ˵
ӳҶƳһۣ˵ǲǻûĻӦȶĲŶԡ
ⷬҶüͷһ壬Ťͷȥ
ֻվһװͦӣִӦǸǮϰ塣ﻹӵһű¶ŨױĨŮӣ⸱޵ģҹĳ̨С㣬ӼȻͳ׷Ӧǫ̀С㣬ܿӵС
˵ϵܣ󵽵ĵ𣿡Ҷñӵ˵ӡ
ˣûǮͱװҲҪ죬ǲۣ˼СȵҲۡӽҶ´ţг˲м֮ɫ
ţӻλŮҲųЦʡԼø£ΪŮǰҪӵҪˡ
һһȣȻԹˣ˳ŮӣЦһŮʲôãǵСôȱǮﲻȥأǺôҲǸͳҵЩС˺ᡣ
Ůɫһ䣬ǰһҪİƣָվͱҶץסˡ
˵С㣬óԻؼҹ裬û۹ǿɾ͹ֲñˡΪŮˣҪ۾㣬ĿԶ㣬ֻǰСŮˣҲֻеСŮ˵ıˡ˵ţҶһƣŮһıƵڵأڴųȹغȹ׵ķȻͱ¶ˡ
Χ۵ļӸÿˮΪŮӾȻһ͸СãƬҲ֡
ŮŭĴӵӵ֣磬㿴۸ңһҪҺúýѵ
ԼŮ˱Է裬Ȼǻðɣȭͷһ󣬱ҪҶ춯֡
ƣҶæֺֹţ
ôĿˣȵ
ҶһЦģǺǣĳֻȰñ嶯۴ֻаķݣȻԼǮǲǾǮˡ
Ǯתһ룬ȭͷɻʵôȷ
ܼ򵥣ھƵֻһͳ׷۸ߵã㿴ΣҶһƽؿӣʵ
ֽҶ³˳ЦһȻ˵ȻӲҪʯͷԼĽţҾͳȫ㡣
ܹ۵ļҲ׷ῴСҲǮԶԣǸǮϰ壬ҪǮȫͲһεġ
У治СȻҪȣǾ̼ģҪˣѾͷÿ˰ơŮȻûղŵһһ
û⣬ҪˣϹ·ȥ㱼ôҶаЦ
ȴһǵȰҶ죬ⲻԾĹ
ѾͷòŲģ͵ſϷɡҶյĶ˵
УŮҲûһڴӦΪԼ˻ǰС


122 Ǯ
ȴЩǵŮӸ첲С˵̫ðɣʮʤ㣬עѺ̫ˡ
϶䣬ʲôµġŮȻٴͣ˫ǰһһſϷӡ
ȻŮӶô˵ˣӵҲû˵ʲôҶ쿴ȥ˵Ǿôˣȳ۰ɡ
ȳɣµʱ۵ĻᶼûСҶȻѾȲʤȯ
Ǻãҳ򡣡ӿһţʮִ³֣˵ԴһԵʮ㡣
ΧֿʼΪô仨5Ǯֱ͸ǮûʲôвΪҶǱˣϾҪôСһóǮȷʵ̫ס
֣ҶǵĲң۲Ϸһ˿֮ɫǣҲ˼˵ĳڡ
ɫһ䣬ȵСӣбó߼
򣡡ҶҲīֱӱ֡
壬⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ϊһ򣬾Ǽ￪Ҳôӻİɣ
ҿСһſڿӡ
ǰóѾ˲ˡ

Χ࣬󲿷˶ΪҶֻۣſͷ֧Ʊˡ
ȻҲôΪģЦһ˵˭ᣬõĳЩǮ𣿡
ҿǲײĲˣʶʶʲôǮҶ˵ŤͷԱС˵Ů鷳ʾת
ŶԱСӦһȻѵʾתһٰʮȣҶˡ
̡ҶַԸ
ԱСæͼ̵˹ȥ
Ҷҳ˫ڼһɿôգۼǰʦתһǧԪǸΰĵʻ
˶ΧʾǰҶɲǣΧʱһһʮ֣㲻Ҳһͷţˡ
žƬ̺ΧһƬ̣һ꾪ҵţ˰ٶڣһԪ
һ˫˫ֵ۾һգգضŵĻһ֣ƽӴˣֱ֡
ϼһ˰ɣǮ±ӰɡҶֹҳ
Ѿľ˸ǿһ㣬սսضҶ졣ƽƽС꣬ȻӵнǧԪĴ˵ʲôⲻ˵ԷӵһɵйӴ
ʲôٶȫˣǰСӲĲƷ
ӵ촽ڲںˣʲôãǵñǮ
ǸŮӣŵɫ࣬Ҳ΢΢ţֲֿСϵġ
ĥ䣡Ͻ·ˣȻȥҶ˵
ԼŵһϷ׷¶Ϊ֮ɫ
Ҷɫһǵôˣɣֻ˵Ҫϣ
ŤŤѡ
Ͻ㣡īҶһߴٵֵԺ󻹸Ҳҹۿ˵͡
ĥ˰죬ϵֻʣˡ
ŸһҲˣܽ㱼𣿡Ҷȵ
һҲֻεϵ
һ˫˫̰ĿֱضλŮӣǰĳ棬ֻװˮһ㣬Ŵǰ·ƬҲʮïܡ
ҶϹаЦĵͷȻ˻˻֡
˻æʰϵҪŻŵسⱼȥҪ˶㱼ŮҪϵˡ
˱ƵҶ쿴̨ԱѵŮţϽҿ䡣
ŶԱһعæתʾҶ쿪ͳ׷
ҶĽ˵ݺԭžĴʱһƬϸһ̸ŹλƷĻ⡭
й¶Ժ
ÿ̱鶼쳣ĳأǰЩĺӣʮһǰǶμܻسǰ
ڳ̱ЩӷʱͻȻһϲ
̱㣿
̱Ѿµ㣬ͷȥһϲõӭ
á̱ЦŽһ
̱㣬㣬ټ̫ˡ̱ܵǰץ̱֣ĵ˵
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Ҿ˵أҶǸĺˣһ˵ġЦǺǵ˵ԿҶôһ˿㺡
Ҷʲôˣ̱ˣȷʵȽֱǶԴȴǽڸŮʵڲӦϲҶʵˡ
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̱㣬һҶˣˡᶨ˵
Ѿݵôֵ̱ǵ̾˿
ֽ˵ҶҴææȥϣ֪ǲǴ˹ԼϢϣҶպͼžۡ
̱ⷬһ㶣æץ֣еʵո˵ʲôҶȥϣԼ
ǰ˵Ҷǰļ䶼ɥʧˣԼĸ˭֪ͦġͬ˵
̱һǰļ䶼ɥʧˣⲻǷøʴ֢״𣿵ʱǸСкҲͰӣҲˣٻһμҶʱϤĸо̱϶ҶǵǸк
еĸʴĶܱʦҶ޷ҽκãҲûпܵġ
̱㣬ôˣﲻ𣿡̱ɫҰףĵʵ
ңû£ãͻȻҪ£ˡ˵ţ̱תҴææȥ
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߳¶Ժźˮֹסӿۿûû̫ˡһ̣̱͸оЩеһ㣬ǸʮĽᣬҲڽ⿪ˡ
ڶһ磬Թͺ˱뿪˾ƵꡣĵĴ£վǰص
վСʱ·;·Ĳ֪˯˹ȥҶǷĽ
ִѾʮ㣬ҶһҾƵʱţȻ˼ңȻȥȥˡ
Ļʱǳ緹ʱ䣬һA4ֽݸҶ죬˵ϰֻһʫõŮˣҪҵӦþɡ
ҶæӹA4ֽ˿Ͼ֤õʮ߰ʱƬʫò󣬲ϸǿԱϳġ


123 ϰ
ˣءϰּҴ壬֪طôߣҶ쿴˿ֽϵĵַʵ
Ҵȥɣڴ֮ǰȳԷɣһӶˡŶӱԹ
ðɣĵ̣·ɡҶڴӦ
ҪȥţŰɣ֪һҵţſɺóˡ
Уġ
ǣ˱˷Ȼȥţŵꡣ
ԱĴҶվǰϰ
ؾϰ򲢲ǺԶҲʮӵ·̡
³ҶʵּҴ廹жԶأ
·Ļ÷ѵʱ䣬ưȥͿˡ˵
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣˵ֱȥҵĻ²̫ʣҪȥһˣʫڼҵĻͰԼҾڶǼ̲㡣Ҷָָ·һ̲꣬ʾ⡣
ôоԼǸȵġĹһӡ
ĵ̣ǿˣæҲӦõҶȻ˵
Ұˣͱ˵ҵĵˣ˵ҺǺһƲƲ챧Թ˵űƲֵĳһưȥܾԼΪµĸо
ȥٻأ绰ϵҶڱ
Ķ˵˻ư
ĿȥҶߵ·Ǽ̲꣬˱̲裬ѡ˸Ųǽλ
·ˣҶͻȻһͷҲ
˵ϿҲ˵Ұ֮ǰܾܿطҶ˼һпԼĸ˶Ѿڣ׷Щʲôء
ҶһƲЩص˼
ʱеԶԶһҶע⡣
ǰͷģһλͷɫشñź黨³ȹŮӣΪŮӽñѹúܵͣ
Ů󣬻ĸ꣬ŻЦںǰͷŮ˵ʲô
ŮӽŲߵúܼЩҲĺܽ
ⳡҶҲ³˴ţȻĸڵϷǰͷλŮӡֻǽƵǣŮǰΪΪβֽѵ⼸أ
ҶƵʱ򣬸ŮλëͻȻ֣̽ŮͷϵñӸժ
ŮӳǰҶעĲŮӵòͷöɫСöУĪϤбȻͺ͵ʫҹнϿöɫʱĸоһ
컹ңŮüһ壬Ưŭ⡣
Ϻ٣ȻλŮë۾һϸǸֳ̰֮ɫ
һֽ˵Ů㳤ôƯﻹڵأѵøǿ𣿡
ϰñӻңҪȻҾͲˡŮɫ
ϣͦ׵ҵҪôëаЦ˵˵Ż֣ҪŮȥ
Ů۾һУ׼ֵʱ򣬻ë·ͻȻ̽һָֻץסˡ
ëŤͷȥһС꣬ɫһʵСӣץŴ֣ѲҴ򣿡ȻҶ졣
ôҴ˺أԱϣҶһת¡һë־֦Ƶģװˡ
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ûǻëҶŤͷ˿˹ȥ
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ŮӴҴԶȥıӰҶҡͷЦЦȻת߻̲ꡣ
һ̲ȾڼĻ
Ҷæӭȥ
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һ˶ûУھӲ֪Ͱˡ˵Ů֦ͷϷˣҸǼ˶ȫ˶ȥˡĨŶͷϵ㺹ش
Ҷüͷ
ֽ˵ˣһǿеϵĴ󻧣ͦġ
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֪Ҷ𣿡Ҷʵ
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ҶǺһЦ˵ллˡ
ÿŮ˵ּˮ
뿪ˮ̯Ҷص̲꣬ĸǰ
ôʲô𣿡ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷҲֻܵˡ
İʣµ̲ȹ⣬Ȼʵʲôƻѵ충ֱӳȥ𣿡
ҲʫãҲֻ취ˡҶε˵ֵҲﲻʲôæˣϽؼҰɡ
ЩˣһལιҶ죬ǲҵȵˣ˾Ҫˡ
ҶĨ˰ѺѲ㻹ϲ𣿡
һЦ˵Һ뿴ôأ
ȥ£ôˣͱϹˣؼҰɡҶȰ
ҪҾҪֲᰭ㣬һҾߡ
Ҷε̾˿ӦǺðɣԼСĵ㣬ҿɹ˲㡣
֪ĿĵشӦȻʵǽҪʲôأ
Ȼȥҵطס£Ҷ˵űվſȥæϡ
ҶĳҾƵ귽ȥ˼ӾԶԶƬεĹ㳡ǳ浹ͦɵġ
ƬΣæҶ첲ʵҶ죬ѵĶٰ𣿡
ţҸߵλҶ춣
֪ˣͷĺˣԼῴŰġ˵
Ҷû˵ʲôڹ㳡һҾƵ꣬䡣


124 㳡
ڶԹͺҶȥ̳һñӴϣȻֱ˹㳡ϡ
Ȼʱ仹磬ǹ㳡Ѿʮ֣󲿶ǵŲ䷹ڡ
Ҷҵһ̨ȴֱȽƫƧλ
ҶԾǣһ·ϾȻߣɣҺпǸҡҺڳΪǺܸߣĿǰΪߵҲֻڡ
ҵͦǮȻ鶼ҪôųС˵
ҪǴ;Զ㡣ҶѹѵĴỹиǿĶֳ֡
Ҷô˵ǵҶ죬ô࣬ù𣿡
򲻹Ҳô򡣡Ҷɫ쳣ᶨȻǧϵ
ԼСĵ㣬ʵڲоǧҪǿɫѵ
ĺˣ㣬Ʋ͸Ͻ뿪֪𣿡Ҷ춣
ֲʶңʲôõĵġĲΪȻ
ԼŰɣʱҿǹ˼ġҶΪĵǶԷҲеؾǿڳ˵Ļؾǿ߶սɲСС򵥵ġ
֪ڴӦ˵㳡ɨһۣ˵ʱ仹أŮôҲõȵῪʼŻɵҲ취ҪȳȥһȦɡ
ҶĨ˰ѺһȦﻹλø͸ʵʵţûʲôҡ˵Ŀ״̬
һõغߺһžԹԵֻ
ڣҶ˵ΨһܹΣյǵؾǿߵĴڣ뽫ֿԿǽȥ
˵ԷӵеؾϵǿߣԿȻǲȡģǾͱһܱԷǿ߽սİ취ְ취һʱĳġ
һǺҶȻ׻꣬ǼһʲôҲܻʲôİ취
ûٶǣҶϽԪ׻Ǽһ˳
СӣǲҪʼˣ׻ƨƨߵҶűϣȴҶ첼
βģҪ㡣Ҷش
׻ȴ룬¿˵ƨţɱ˷˱Ϣʱ䡣
ҶҲīֱʵ㣬ûʲô취ԶԸΪԼߵĵˣ
Сɾʶˣⷽ汾óġ׻Դһ
Ҷ۾һæʵʲô취أ
취ǣöԷע⣬һƣֱͶץҪЮȵȣٲʤ٣ڸһУøݾ׻ػش
ѵֻЩĵֶ𣿡Ҷ
˵ļıģߣСӣҿôЩĵİ취¶벻ɣ׻겻˵
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ٳɣҿСΰɣˣűϢˡ
׻ҪߣҶæеȵȣ֪֪βǧﴫأҪǧﴫĻǾͿ԰ϵʫã˵ˡ
ǧﴫ׻Цһ˵طϡǧﴫأ
ǧҲУֻҪӪǧﴫЧͿˡҶֵ
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Ҷ˵һѾ㹻ˣæ׷ʵҪβأ
˵㱿û뵽㾹Ȼ̶ֳȣڲڸҽ׻곰
Ҷʱ۾һô˵ʹԪ˵ˣԼԪ״̬Ȼǲͨġ
ˡ׻ͷشѵУֻӵ֮˲ü
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ˣҪϢȥˣ֮⣬ű𡣡Աϣ׻һΣɢһա
Ҷε̾˿һ˼Ǻƺ뵽ʲôȻһԴϲˣԷǿڳҿʩչɽ֮ƣȻٳж
뵽ҶæԪݳع塣
ʱƣ㳡ϵҲԽԽ࣬Ҷ쾡ѹסϢǿֲ߳ԼĴڡ
ʮһӵʱҾƵſ߳һˣΪ׵һװӣ־Ƶĸף
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ǣӦ
ûãһԶʻ
æֱͦţҲȳ顣
ۿǰͣ
æǰһ˺š
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ǣЩʱ̽Լְһֱڰм̽ȻûץȴҲһССĳɼ˵
Ŷʲôɼأ˵Ťͷۣʵ
ЩϰСﶼװ˼أν޵ڲǰгһӣҽӵ㱨ǲǰȥ֤ڴʵ̫ǿջǱˣҲұɱӼпԿʩչʽܾܿȭ


125 
Ȼ鵽ЩΪβʱϱأЩʵ
æ͵ԭǴ㣬ȵ鵽ΪȷеϢ峤ϱġ
ƵҲû׷˵ȥǶμء
ǣشӦ
ΪƲδϢԵ߽㳡һ̣ͱȺеҶˡ
Ҷ޷͸ͷľΪ˵ͷҲǵؾڵǿߡ
ѾӦԲԣǿߣҶ컹Щ
ʱһһȥҶͷðϸϴвʱҲš
ֹ˰Сʱң㳡һͻȻһ̨ϵֶҲʼϲȻʫú־Ƶǳˡ
Χ˷׷վ׹ⳡŮǡ
Ŀ֮£ʫú־ƲŹ㳡ĺ̺һ̨
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ʫȴûϲ飬дΪܵҶԲһ֮¾־ƶ顣̤̺ʱȴֺˣµѾûлͷء
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ʵҲˣʫú־˵òһһأû˿ԡ
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̨ʱҶϵƷȥ
λѣϷԲ֮ǰ̫ˣ棬츳ųľѡʮϷһڴ˵Ⱥĵ
ҶƴȥĻȻⷬЩʵʣһǧﴫǾͿԼˡ
Ҫ֪ǧﴫֻǴ˵еľҶ컹û˵˭ӵ
ϾǧﴫҪԪܹʩչмԪĹԣȻûӵˡ
ɫһ˼Ƭ̣Ѹվ˵ϷеҪҪ뿪һԱϣҲ˵ʲô漱ȥգ֮ʧˡ
˺һŷӦ̨ϵѾ׼ʽæ̨Ը񸸽ʽƴǣҲԿƵľ⡣
ͻȻ˵Ҫֹʽ־һʵ֣ö˶˵ĸֹͣʽأ
Ҳ֪Ϊ£ͻȻ뿪ˣԵȼӰɡҲһǵӣ˵ֳȥķ˳
ʽͻȻֹ̨ﶼڲ²ǲǳʲô顣
ԾʫøĸҲ̨
׼ҹǳʲôأĸʵ
׼ģΪʱ˵飬ʽҪƳһЦŽ͵
ԭĸһʫС˼䣬ת׼̨ʱȴһ̨̤Ѽññѹĺܵͣ޷òȻҶ졣
ʱҲע⵽Ҷ죬ԷǹԱӣæȵιιι̨Ͻȥ
Ҷûĺ裬̤һ̨ף̨ͣ½ŲȻժͷϵѼñ
ĸʱһ۾ҲǵɵùԲ
־ȻҲϳҶ죬üͷ壬ɫԵЩš
ʫûͷҶɲǣˮֹסӿۿ죿𣿡һ̣·޾ίҪǰһ㡣ѾȴǰĴһеسȥ˽ҶĻˣˮһк¡
ԲίˡҶ§סʫãҪڳ֪ŮˣҶģ˭Ҳܴߡ
ɲǼ䣬㳡һƬž⵽ʲô־Ƶδ޾ȻͶ˵ĻҿǺ񻹺ܶӡ
һĻĸжӯǧظϵΪľһֵ̣ÿĵһ̣
ץ
žĹ㳡ͻȻıȻûиΪԼ׼ϱŮˣȻô˵§§βŭ
ܿ죬̨ܳʮӡ
ʶΣʫûæ뿪Ҷ컳Ȱ죬Ͽߡ
ʫãҲˣһһߵġҶɫ˵
죬˶ڣҿ㻹߰ɡʫҶ죬
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦѵˣҿǺġ
ʱΧЩѾ嵽˸ǰҶ콫ʫӰһαһʮգ֮䱻ķɢ
ߣ۾һУɫ쳣أΪԼҲ֮ˣӵΪԼΪȻǰ꣬Ȼ˵ΪҪԶʤԼ
Ȼ֪ˣǾʶ㣬֣Ҷ侯˵ֶԻʫõߡ
ţʫ˵ͷ
Ҷʫǫ̃㳡ϱȥ
Ȼû߼ȴ־ʫãѵ㸸ĸҪ𣿡
ʫһæͣ½ŲͷȥȴԼĸ־ƸŲӣɫȻѾŭͷԡ
ãȾ裬Ⱦ裡ĸһֻŵؾָһԽǵ־Ȱš
ƶɫŵضϾҪЮֶʵЩɣҪٵô˵ֳĻ¾Ͳôˡ
죬ôأʫýǵ
ȻôҾͳȫ㣡Ҷɫһֱȡһö룬س־ȥ
磬Ϊ޷赲ۿҪ̽־ԴɾΣʱ̣һâԲ漲ƫеĻ룬ᡱһ졣
뱻ɣת̨ϵһ裬ֻءһʱķѡ
һĻ̨Щڻæɢ˫ܵ꼰
뱻ɵɲǣҶüͷҲŤͷâķȥȻոձ֧ߵλֻˡ
ʮԶôһˣѵڰ·ͷΣҶضƣ˼
ϣҺ㼰ʱϻҪȻȮСɾͲˡĨ˰Ѻмӭȥ
ûֱߵҶԶͣ˽Ų
Ϸϼƣ֪γƺأԱţȻҶʵ
Ҷ졣Ҷ򵥻ش
ҶСΪϷ̾


126 ս
ҶһЦ٩ͷû뵽ôã̶Ӿʮ·ˡ
ǺǣҶСļƲߵǺд⣬ֻݼʵ̫׾ˡȣϷ򷢳ʱѾ¶λãΣ˻ǷԿֻƭСӰɣƽҶ©һһ˳
ҿ㵱ʱͦＱѲǽƾͼƣҶ컳ɵʵ
ûȻϷ⴫ʱȷʵЩȣڵ֪ķλڻΪûǽƾͼƵ˵ȥĿΪ˰°ϼ׵ĺ룬Ц˵
㻹һֻϺꡣҶзɽֻ֮ʱȻûǵôȫ
ǺǣҶСѹˡ͵ЦЦƺȫûҶķ̣ڴʵϷǺܺ棬ʩչģ
ӶԷ˫̰УͿ֪ͷһʲôöҶһЦϷʵѧҪǹ¿ͷΪʦҵǿԽ㡣
ǲϷˣЦϵЦѾ֮ǰǰˡ
˵أҶ쵭Ȼʵ
ƵҲż˵ϷȻа취㿪ڵġ
Է׼ֵӣҶʫ˵ʫãһȥ
ʵҶĻԼͷĶ֣ܱ֮侲Ҳд̾
졣ʫץҶ֣д˲
ĺˣҲµġҶʫõ֣ɵο
Сĵ㡣ʫ֪ԼﲻʲôæһԹ˿ˡ
ҶСѣϷٸһλᣬǹԹйĻϷǿԷһ·˵ҶҪܹԹԽʩչĴķòˡ
ɶҶ˵ʩչǧﴫķʲôܣֻҪʩչǧﴫͱԪ壬ҪԪ壬ֻ̾ԼͶĻǾζҪ̾׸ԷҶϻûд󷽵̶ֳȡ
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ö뱻ţųһߣֱȡԴ
ߣСƷһӣ˲㽫öݵ÷飬ȴδ˿ͣͣʯҶȥ
Ҷԭûܹ湦ԣ׳ɲǣѸǰһƬԵֵԷĹ
ƵĹգ۱ǰĳһɻػҶǰϡ
ᣡάƬ̾ͱˣǿĳǽҶײʮףһ·ײ˺üŲ
⾪˵һĻΧΧ۵Ⱥֻæɢ
ڳ˵ֳֻЩſõǰǲĵӾ硣
һֱжһĵĹ涨Ϊﵽؾǲ׼ֵġϾؾǿߵʵѾԶԶ˵Ľ޶ȣǲƵĻ»˵Ŀֻš
һҶĴҲ͹˼ôˡ
죡Ҷ·磬ʫýǵؾȺҲһصǡ
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Ȼ֪ԼķǸ޷סԷģһҲֻ̽Էʵǿ˺εȵزϾûиؾǿ߽սľ飬Ҳ֪ؾÿȽ֮ʵж
ⷬ̽ҶԿ϶ԷֻеؾڵΪȻղһͲᰤˡ
ܶԷֻǱԼ߳һȽףǣҶȻɽ
Լ뾭ԸЩСëЩЧǿĵˣ˿á
Ҳֻ̾ˡҶ˼̾еָ˿Բ󣬻ԵΪʽ
ķУָĹָ֣ܽ
ָΣҶҲö֪ƾӦò̫죬ۿѾ׼һҶҲٳɣ˫־ǰʮָָӡ
ָҶûǺ͸ָܵӡҪȲࡣ
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˾޴ƾԶΧ۵ȺڶǾĿɿڴʫúĵĶᵽɤۡ
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ҵƷ罫ҶѴ죬ӡĶԽԽ죬Ѿβ
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ȻǾ޴ƾҶֻʣԶʱҶ˫ֵĽӡֹͣһ̣֣赭дǰһָ
ָ
ֻʳָָƾոֳһƴСͼڣͼҫת
ͼڳֵɲǣһҫ۵Ľâͼ뼲


127 
Ƶľ޴ƾԣָһֵĽâԵ˲һǾڽâƾʱ޴ƾͻȻǱķһ㣬˲֧飬âƵسԶȥ
ָҶʼϲģȻҲûԷƱΪɲõƾһָǰλؾǿߡ
ΧȺǷ׷²ۣǿһƴʵЩӣ˵Сơ
̨ϵѾ°Ͷˣԭһܹ´󹦣û뵽ûüͱԷɻˡ
Ƶľɫ˿һֻ˰˳ɵҲԲܻ㲻һ
СĹʵ򵥡аͬʱִһӣǰһƬĻԵֵǰĽâ
âƼ죬գ֮ײƵĻϡ
һΣâûղǰϬֻ΢΢һȻ㲻ʲôӦư´һ
һĻȴֽҽ
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128 ɭ
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ƣΨһѪˣ̫үү鴫㡣һҪǿĻȥгһгɣĪѪ𡭡

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֮ǰҶƬɨһۣ֪Լһ컹صҿԺм䡣


129 ľ
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磬ǣ˵⵽׷ɱӵҿɫ磬޸֮ӣҪóȻ»ΣգԾʹǻסһľӽ͵˵ҶʫýλҴľλֶŮľ
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һƵͷΪ˱ʾģҶ첢δϾԷҲˣҪԼ챻ǽҴĻǾҲûˡ
ƣľľͬʱ
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ľľǶһۣ˶ûлش𣬺ǹҪʲô
ȻԷ˵ҶҲĹʣЦЦ˵ǼλʵΪѵĻҲǿġ
ľĬƬ̣˵Сֵܣ¹ش󣬲һܾҪȺƬ̣ϵһ
ǾˡҶӦ
ľֶľԸȴȥɡ
ţľӦһȻվ˵ɡ˵ű߳ӡ
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ľ˰֣˵Ҳܹ㣬ӵеؾΪ˵㣬Ҳ
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ľҲ룬ʵڲеĻ߾ˣֲ֪ݣҲû˭ȥ
ˣǡľû˵ȥƬ̧̺ͷľӣʵܣûоЩ죿
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ľͷ̾˿ȻԸȥѴҶйɡ
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ƻŵĻҲͰɣˮľ¶һ˿


130 Ϯ
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ҶʫÿһۣȻȻת߳ӡ
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ƺǺһЦ˵ЩޣҶСȽΣհ
Ȼ֪㻹ңѵͲʹֶͬԸ𣿡ָ룬ҶĿǰЧĹʽɶԷѳԹһοͷȻԼٹʼʩĻҲδܹЧ
ϷҲֻһʱˣ첻ʹʲôֶΣӲϷġʮ㡣
ҵҪĵжˡ˵ţҶæԶӼȥһԽľ࣬𵽺ܺõڻá


131 
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ܱǿǳ̱ĻʮִģĵӣҶҲʹѡ
Ѿݻ٣Ҳû취ʵʮֲпᣬҶ컹ʵ˵˳
̱̱ڵϣϲˮд˰ˡ
Ҷǰӵ뻳У˵ʣµʹɣһᱣģһ
̱Ҷ컳Ŀ
ã̱뿪Ҷ컳Ůɳ¡
Ҷָȥ˵绰Ȼǽ˹ʬġ
Ҷϵ绰ֽǰذװϷѪߵ̱ǰݸ˵ŷɡ
̱ĬĬӹذס


137 
ûãָһȺ˸ϵ
ǾʬȥιҶ̵ָʬԸߵǰһۣԸɾѣȥˣȻ׼񡣡
ǣָӦ
Ⱦָ뿪Ҷ쾶ֱ˷䡣
Ϊ̵ʶԼǰȱݣԼǿһ㣬ʩչָٶٿһ㣬Ҳȫˡ
Ȼߵǰ׵㽫׾ĵ
Ⱥɽ֮¥Ƭɽ֮䣬̾һϵңϼ塣
꣬ҡңȻȴֻʣҡ
ʱһĿ峤򳤷ڿϣĿ
򳤷а䣬ƾ쾳ǰΪҪϰȻǲġ
Ƭ̣첽߽һλͷ԰ףݵĻͷҶϣأ֮ǰ̤˵ؾڣҲҵмˡ
ûߵǰ򳤷۾ʵϣɫҴңʲôأ
شǵߵ򳤷ǰͣ½Ų˵峤ոǱϢ˵ˡ
򳤷ɫͽȻһ䣬ʵô£
ϱǱһλؾڵ˸ɱġʵ˵
򳤷ʵ֪ʲôͷ𣿡
ֻ֪Ҷ죬Ǹʮ꣬ԲʡСػش
򳤷üͷһ壬ɫص˵ʮӵеؾΪһܽؾڵϻɱ˱ǳ
峤¼ǰ꣬ɱˣϱ𡣡ɫƽʱƹϵǳɱȻŭɶ
򳤷˰֣˵ûв֮ǰ
峤ǴʲôĻѵϵĳͲ𣿡ؼ
ȻҪģֻҪݶԷݣȡֶͬζѡ򳤷â̾˿˵֮£д㣬ִڼڱչ֮У˴ξӵǰȥμӰɡ
Ҵ죿һ죬ǵ峤ҵΪδ֮λ
òʲô͸Ͻǳ룬֯Ǳƺʲôж򳤷Ը
ѵ˵ָ֯ɳ֣غʵ
򳤷ҡҡͷ˵ҲǺ֮ҽ˳
ǣشӦ
ţ򳤷ʵˣ⺢Σ
峤͵ҩĸΪɿ죬ǰͻɹ̤ؾˡػش
򳤷۾һϲʵϲôûʱأ
һֱڱչԭǴƵڶ֮ٸ峤һϲЦŽ͵
򳤷ǺһЦ˵ԭˣ⺢ԶңĳɾҲȻƣʲôĻ;Уִ֮ǰܳصĻʹһȥɣһҵҲܳʶ
ǣҾˡ˵űתȥ
ߺ򳤷ʮܻɱϣʿҪ֮ϣҲμִĻ뵽򳤷ϸ֮ɫ
ʱ֣һƺƴ׷ڶоС
ǧźɫװֵܣλİ̤˻Ȫ֮·
˽һɫ˷ޱ׳ۡ
׷Ҷصֶ
ĬĬ̱ûԼڣ˷䡣
ճԵһ룬ͻȻȻǰȥš
ŮʣҶ𣿡
Ҷ磬㡣ȻҶл
Ҷ¿ߵſڣվŵľǷᡣ
Ҷ⣬ɻʵãôʲô𣿡
ܲܳһ£º˵һģ
Ҷûж룬ͷӦ
ߵһƧĽҶʵרܹҪ˵ʲôأ
ңҡתͷͻȻû˵ֱ˽Ҷ컳
Ҷ㶣˵ЩʲôȻüͷһ壬򱳺һ̽һĵذױ
ɫһ䣬æ³һö룬ȴҶס
¶Էذ׺Ҷ̽סĲӣʵ㵽˭ʵղŸڶԷʱҶЩˣΪϵͷȫͬ
ǰŮͻȻЦҶȻϻ۹ˡ˵ţһĨһ㱡Ĥ㱻ȡ
ѾǷòȴҲǸòľòŮӣòȥЩġ
òŵɣҶ첻Ǻܿ϶ز²ʵʵŮһ֮뻯˲²͸Ŀ
˵أüһġ
ߣõŲ𣿳ŵˣ˭ʹĵֶΡҶЦҵǺܺ棬ʲô취ΪصġǶԷΪҶʶˡ
û˵ҶɨһۣĿ䶨ϴŵһöŲô۵ϡ
Ҷ۾һУץ֣ϵǿ
Ȼһ£ΪһĿȻˣŮ˾ȻӵΪҲʮӣдΪҲ㲻ˡ
Ҷ´һȦ˼壬һ书ܱΪ
Ҷ͵͵ժͷϵһö٣ѸҶ첱ϴȥ̵֪;ͱҶ
ҶûйԷ͵ϮЦЦ˵ͦ˼ģȽ죬ٻ㡣˵ű㽫ʵģ
ȻشȻѾˡ
ٸף£ǲ˵䣬ݹҲˡҶɱ⣬Ϊ޵ıǱֶҪЮ
ҶӣҲٹĨǣֱ˵ͷĺˣһܰȫĵطҲûܵκ˺
Էô˵Ҷ쵹ǰЩϽ˰
ֻҪҶңȻġɲǱҪھͷʣԼСˡ
㣿ǣ߿ɾûôˡҶЦ
оɫʵʲô
㳤ͦģ˵ʲôأҶһЦ˵
üͷһ壬в㣬ɱŮҪǸĻŲҺƴơҶΪߣҲΣյֶΣҲ֣ԲŸðա


138 
Ҷüͷһ˵ҪˣҶеǰ취ھ֮ǰǲǵأǲĿŮš
ɫ䣬вҪǸңһ㲻úġ
Ҷ첻ΪȻ˵úˣϧҶ첢ǱŴġȻѾ䵽Ǿͱνˣھ·ҲȲ㡣
ңֻҪңʲôġధ
Ҷһ˵ҪôŻ𣿡˵ţתһ룬ֺʵ֪ҪΪأѵŸʲôô
òܡûػش
ҿҲ̰֮ˣѵ˵ʲô涾Ҷ쿴ʵ
ⷬ΢΢һ䣬˿ϸ΢ı仯ûӹҶ۾Ļһ԰㣬ѵû˵Ҷ컹иҶҽĳƺ𣿡Ҷ쳢˵
ɫЩˡ
Ҷ϶ֿԣЦЦʵôһŵĿأǽ쵰İָأ
Ļⶾһ˿ʵ
бҪƭ𡣡Ҷڵ
룬ֵƵĶɲһܽġ
ϣѲ˵ųҮ֮һλؾǿߣҶʵ
ûش
Ҷ첻ΪȻòŵģСĶѵõҽֻҪѾͷϸⶾ
ߣƷһ𣿡س
ҶĨĨǳɣ˶Ȼٷˣ˰ɣ
ҶӣеĻⶾ˵жĲҡ
ѹ֮ǰûҶͷ˵ʵѲ㸸ĸ¶в㣿
áش
ԭðöأӦѾ˰ɣҶ°ͣһʵ룬㶼ôƯӦҲȥ
ɱ֣侯ҪǸҶòұ֤ƴҲŹġ
ҶٺһЦ˵㵹ͦ۰õ
ҲǸ㿪Ц˵
У֪ˣֻҪòңǲֵġҶڴӦ
ҪǸƭңҾɱ㣬ҲɱŮġֲĵؾġ
ҶЩͷĴߴٵˣĥˣϽȥýⶾɡ
ס츮涼ŵפҪȥ²סǵ
㲻ǻ֮ݣȻҴӣͿװˣȥˡҶ
ȻҶ˵취УЩ̫Σˣ츮ŵܲߣһֻӬҲѷɽȥȻҿʹ֮ȥһֵĻҺõɾͲˡ
Ҷű֤ͷĺˣҿǵؾǿߣ汻ˣҪûġ
ãҲֻðմӦǺðɣҰݳµģȻȥ
УǾ͸ϽɡҶ쵹Ƕʮֺ档
ǵֻ±ǸŮˡ
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Ҫ츮ȻýݳˡڳһȻӣ˵
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Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣǾôŰɡҶҲֻεشӦ
ǣӿڴͳһӣ򿪸Ӻ󣬿ԿһЩɫ״ʡ
۾ϡԸ
òұ۾ʱᱡҰɣҶ쿪Ц
˵ۣҶæԹԽ۾
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ţ˾ֱӴǰ츮
·ϣҶ콻һЩעڿ쵽츮ʱͻȻʵѵͲ츮Ȼȥ𣿡
ˣҲа֮ǰɱ㡣ֿҶȻҲǿǹģӵ壬뻢Ѩ£治ȥ
Դһ˿˵Ҳ̫ˣ츮λؾǿߣϰǹؾĻΪѵ𣿡
Ҫû㱾£һҸ𣿡Ҷ쿴ܶԷҲǶΰˡ
û˵ʲôҶ⸱ʮɫУʶǰ˲򵥡
˶û˵ֱ츮ſͣ˵³ɡ
Ҷ˸Ȼƿȥ
츮ǰⱱ츮ĴſҪɶˣֻʹĸоߵΧǽһ·죬ͷ츮ɲһĴ
ġҶ죬СѵȻȥ
ſĸˣȻǳֿȭģǲҲ֪Ͽ϶ǹ
ǰȥȡһƣһʾΪ츮ǲͬòԣƲݵ
л񣡡
ƣֱ߽˴ţҶϡ


139 
߽츮Ҷ͵͵˵⸮Ľ湻ɵģǱǸ¥ȫŷʽûǰһţҲ֪һԺ˹ӡ
̤ľߵŶ棬ϣޣҶҲ޷̫Զ۲һȻͽ
񣡡һ֧Ѳ߶ӣкһ˵ڵʶλ¡
ûЩˣֱԼıȥ
һ·ĵòײԼұſڡ
æ򿪱ţҶȥֽŹϡ
û뵽ŸĴҶ콫һЦ
˵ǽжСѵֵ˵žͳһ˹ȥ
ҶͣϣıӰҶͻȻЩͬѾͷȻԼﶼҪУǻʲôɿԡ
ߵǰá
һ
˽ȥҶźֹš
һװ޾µŮңҾ䱸ȫһſʮʵĴ󴲣һпͨͼķۺɫ죬һɫ԰ף㲵òŮڴͷһ顣
㡣Ů΢΢к
Ҷǰȥش󣬻ɵʵǽôһҲأ
Ů˾Ȼ˵ϵŮӵƯĴ۾ָҶ죬ﾪɵ㣬
˵һĨȻֱһǰȻʮƯҶ˵Ĺоոڴϴսʱǿһתȴֱ˸
ٽʹŮһգҶɵòģðɣΪ˿һģ̳һ㣬ֻŮһ㡣
Ǳãã֡͵
Ҷ׵ص˵ͷͬʱаԭһԽû˫ɵĻա
ҶĻЦʶʲôѵȰñʲôԽ
ҶЦôؾصĺˣôᶯԽأҲֻЩ˵뷨ѡ
ʱϵ̲סʵ㣬ôأ
ãǽΪⶾģΪ˽㣬ԲŽݳģ͵
ô˵ˣ˵͵Ц
СѾͷЦŲҽ͵ˡŮЦҶвˬ
ֱŵһ㶣һίصͷ
ȵιأ
ҶЦ˵ҿЦ˭֪ôС˵Сֹ˫̥õԸҲ̫˰ɣһôףһôɡ
ֹʲôأϿýⶾûشߴٵ
֪ˣ֪ˡҶӦȻߵ˵Ѿͷ
ֲĵؾҪǸʲôٶͺˡ
ҶĨ˰ѺѾҲͲٸƽϣץǰ۵С֣
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Ҷش취ȻеģֻҪڶʱڽǼǲܵġ
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ΪԷһ㻹Ƕһɡٴߵ
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Ҷ춯̫죬ӦʱѾ˱ѡ
϶ʱŭɫ͵׼ƿӽҶʱ򣬡ˡ
ȨأҲֻǿŭ첽ȥ
ţվŵľܷɫһ䣬авΪܷǸʮϸĽˣ˿ᱻ
ӣôˣôأڨЦʵ
˵ˣԸҹոռſţǾֱӽˡ˵䣬ܷ򷿼ɨһۣĿͣŴϡ
ոŹˣóȻѵǲʲôдвټܷɨӣһļϽ˯ˣӣǻǵİɡ˵űҪźϡ
ܷ۾һУ̧סţ˵ôֶõĴϺʲô
ⷬҶüͷһ壬϶Ҳͣ
Ҳһ󾪻ţϽЦŽ͵ôأ˯಻̫ðɡ
𣿡ܷһɵؿ
Ȼˡܷ˫ϬоԼǱһ㣬ѶԵû
ܷϵɫȻЦЦȻֶ˯಻ãĿɵöٵˣֶӱĻɾ͸鷳ˡ
ܷô˵˿ӦǣлСòġ
Ǿȥİɡܷ˵˵ţسƳһۡ
ǣӦһȻϷܷȥȻ˿ȻǽǲΪԼҶǸɫǴڱᷢʲô飬Ѿֻž콫ܷߡ
ǵҶɲʲôʡ͵ĵƣһ䱾ֱץסֵһ䡣
һŵѾˣ㣬Գ˰ɣ
꣡һǴֻǿɾΣˡҶ˵һ˵ţһ߽˫ڶԷһϹ
ܣܲܲҪأҶᱡּöˡ
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Ҷôһ˵ֻ̹Щƺһůھš
ʵбأҪҪһԣҶаЦʵ
Ȼ棬ҲҡͷҪ
ҶȻа񣬵㵥Ů²֣Գ֮⣬Ҳûٸ¡
Ƭ̵ĶҶǼٵĽŲǸϽִ˻ҷɿѡ
űƿɱڵس˽


140 ҳ
ԷҪ쭵ӣҶϽֹոǴ⣬ҲһʱļŲСֶñѵģҿûʲô£Լáţôһйġ
ȻҶɫǻʵʵãոһûжʲôΪ
͵͵ҶƳһۣȻԴҡҡͷǺ˵ġ
⸱ӣѾ³߰˷֣ŭس嵽ҶǰҶѱʵԼ˵㵽׶ʲô
ԩʲôҲûҸոֻû£ûô˵˻ѪѣŻ˺󡣡Ҷһ޹˵
ã˵𣿡ʵ
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Ҳ׷׳ЦȻû˻ó綥εҪ֪˵еġױȡʯǼֵüڵ֮
ȻҲҶ˵أҪ֪ԼϹŵֵ5500Ԫﻹվȡ
˵ĳЦҶҲøǼƽϡ
ҶƤӣ־Զ˵Ҷҽʿɶֹ־ԶǲὫŮ޸ģİɣ
Ȼûж˷˵־ԶܼᶨȫҲ˶
ʱ˿̣ҶǸСһ㣬˳Цȴ治ɫǸЩ֪һʶԼԵø֪ˡ
Ҷ죬СȰҶ죬㻹Ȼȥɡ
ϷûϳأǰˡҶһȲʤȯӡ


145 ͷ
ʱſͻȻӶԴĸ߿˻ţָڣ
Ժžһ˲Ȼ˶ɻ־Զôָĺڵ硣
ٿ־ԶҲһȻ˲ġ֪Ҷ;ָн飬ȻҲ֪Ҷİš
һ˫˫Ŀ£ָͺкүү˴߽Ժӡ
ָĿһɨܿ쿴ȺǰҶ죬ǿ첽
ҶǰҶ硱žִָӺүӹһƷУȥɩӣҵȶɽҰçҲ֪ЩʲôãǷ֮¡
ţҲһݺ񣬲ɩӣǺСС⻹Цɡ
ܳؽӹݺ
ȺΪλڵﾹȻƺСΪ磬ⲻ˵СҲǺڵ
־ԶɫʮѿλڵϴȻô˵溰ŮΪɩӡǸĨзȴҲ˵Ͼǿͣںڵϵɲܵġ
Ϊ֣ĺԼſǣ־ԶӲͷƤҶ˵ҶҽμСŮᣬĳʮֻӭռ汲⣬ڵȾϣ㲻ҪٲСŮ
ү˴Ϊˬ̤ǰһŭȵô˵ģƲǺڵ𣿡
־ԶŵõһҶϽǳϻ͡
үæү˻ȥС
ΧһƬϸȻָЩڵ᲻
ⳡ棬֣İǰǴҶôɾͲˣΪǷǰĻǿŮڿǷᣬǺڵҲˡ
֣ĳͷΧЩСϰǷ׷׸СΪԼϴһ㡣
ڿڽƣҶƽЦЦ֣ļЦ֣гӵ±Щڵ˻Ҫɣ
֣ɫ䣬ԼʲôȻһģ±ҶȻҲס
֣뾽־ԶϽΧҶ㵷Ļҿɾͱˡ־ԶҶ侯
ǸϳȥȺһŭҲ׷׸һҪЩڵ˸ߡ
ҿǺܴܲʶعȥɣˡ֣ûЦ
СӣǷᣡү˵űȭͷҪ֣ȥȴүʱ
Ʋֹ̫ۣҲֻȰҶ죬Ҳ֪ڰңǡ
û˵ȥſӶǱ˷ܵ˿عCEOΰģЯ˵
ţй־ֳԵ
ΪҶ쵱ʱΰȥʱңҲ˳
Ժﾲһ϶
ΰĴﾹȻҲμС᣿ʵ˳ԾСǶܺ棬־Զôӣܹ붯ִ
Ȼ־ԶҲͷˮΰ磬ѹ붼룬ţƺʶʲôȻŤͷҶ쿴ȥ¶𾪵ɫ
֮࣬λ־ֳ
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Ŀ֮£ΰıŮ߽ԺӣҲ磬ԡ
ܡֳһһᣡӭǰȥλкţҲ׷ΧȥϾֻǧѷģЩϺȻʧ
˴к˼ȺҶȥ
˾ˣԶҶ죬ĵػİűޣҶк
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찡Ůô֪ͨأǴҴææûܾ׼񡣡ֵ
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ʦһֱһſ㣬ʵ̫æûܳʱǸ˵
Ҷڰ˵æľǣûϰʮʲôÿġ
һɲǣڳϵı鶼ޱȾʡ
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˵־Զ֣ĵˣҲľ֮ɫֻ֪Ҷָнύȴ֪Ҷ컹ݱ
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죬λŮѰɣ翴Ҷʵ
ǰλҽ㣬λҽСѾͷѾͷо衣һܺҶֶ˵
裡Ĺܵô࣬Ҷʲôͽʲô£
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һЦ˵ʲôأûûȢ˼ҹţȰͷθˡôƯŮѣôҺ򿴿ء˵ţȡһȥЦӯӯ˵ǽ׼ΪʱæҲûôѡٰ㲹һݴ񡣡
лл㡣սսؽӹС
ĻûƽſڵӶȴٶȺ
ؼCEOԶ
ڣڹӵ
˵ĶͷѾð亹ͺǿʲôֲĻһ㣬Ҷ˵ǺηʥѾ붼ȥˡ
ܽύЩϵĴһڰͨԣ˿·ҲҲڶ
һ˫˫ֵĿ£Զڡ˽˶ǳҶȥ
ǺǺǣû뵽ȻһˡΰĵˣԶЦǺǵشк
ΰİڰ֣ЦҲͱһˣָͺÿɱһ硣
Ҫ֪ҲҪǾ˳ˡָЦ
ָһ׺Ҷǰ
ԶЦűԹ찡ǲǹҪͷأôҴææųһͼææˡ
ǰҶֵܣҪ벽ڿɾڷɻˡڸ˵
Ǻǣ²Ϊ²ΪҶǸЦ
磬λɩ𣿡̿Ҷʵ
ǰλϵã̡Ҷ˽ܵ
ҶĽܣʱһ㶣ļǵãϴѧУʳãҶһܳŷǰŮ


146 
ιϴǲǹҵģø첲ײײҶ죬ʵ
ҶȻ֪ѾͷָѧУʳǴΣװģʵϴΣĸϴأ
ߣߺһƲԴ
ʱڿ첽һɵضǸ˿˷ֳܶԾʵĪǴ˵еġױȡ
ԺԭͺܰټȽأȻһ
û뵽ֵҲϵôҶЦЦ˵
С㣬ˡðܲܽժҿڴʵ
㶣æ˵ͷժڵȥ
ȲؽӹϸĦãõǰ˿˿Ͻ𼤶ɫ
Ҷֵܣû˵Ӧ͸СİɣڿҶʵ
ûֵܿʲô𣿡ҶЦʵոտǷֹͦרҵӡ
ȻҶֵ͵ģǾͿ϶ٲˣ˵һֱѰųȫû뵽ȻҶֵ˵ţĽ˫ֵݻ
ⷬΧȻõڵĿ϶Ȼûٻαˡ˵ҶɲݣְҲΪ棬෴ģһðǲŽ˲˼顣
ոջЦҶ֣˿̾ƨҷˣȻûϵƽӣȻһز¶ĳһЩｻӡ
־ԶȻӶˣոô˵棬ڿ˵ὫŮ޸Ҷ죬֪Ҷҡһ䣬ܱӣһһ;ڵ
ʶԼ˹أ˫ЩһСĸŪ
ٿǵԼҶֻǼװŮѵĹϵ˼֮æݻҶ죬Ҷ죬ҡ
û˵ȥҶϵҶͳֵĶǴջصģ˵鱦ҲֻƯŮ˲ϡ˵ţҶ
Ҷ쿴ȥһۣ֪Ϊܸоôһůš
־ԶǸˣ֮ǰҶЩʧ񣬵ûԼĸףԷҪԼŮӻǵøģæЦǺǵλɣϾͿʼˣдܣ
˱־ԶĴ£ǰ
֣ĸӣѾ־Զ׺ˣ룬ôһλһгʲô˵ãԼŮĹ˾ˣȻ¹˾ʲôģѾҪˡ
֣ĸ֪ԼѾɨأȥֻ˳Ц˵Ҳû˵һͻ뿪ˡ
ⳡƺѾҶ죬ЩСϰǷ׷׺ƤҶ쾴ƣ˵ЩάеĻ
ЩʹˣҶ첢ôãҲûаʲô˼ӣƣҲЦϾգȻø߸˵ġ
һֱеʮ㣬ֱΰĵȼλ볡˲½ȥ
Ժ˺ܿ߿ˣֻʣҶһˡ
ĸҲȸˡȻҶܲ־Զǲô˵Ҳĸףǵýеġ
ޣ㿴춼ôˣҪסһɡ
־ԶҲ˵ǰɡ֪Ҷݲ򵥣̬Ȼһٰʮȴת䣬ʱƤһǺбҪġ
ҶЦЦܾϻеҪæԾͲˣٹݷá
ȻҲͲˣ·Сĵ㡣˵
ȥ졣־ԶϽŮԸ
ǣҶ߳Ժӡ
ǰм˵Ҷ죬ллΪô࣬Ҳллҹ˲ôĵա˵Ҫժ£ȴҶֹ
ɲϷĵߣҪֻôƯŮˡҶȻһЦǵˣȥɣˡ˵žֱӴ򿪳ţ˽ȥ
ԶȥͻȻҪ׷ȥĳ嶯ǣȴûŲΪԼ䲻ݳȻˡ
һڵʱתۼš
Ҷ㲻Ĵڷ
׾ѾСɣָҲܻ࣬ûдﵽԤڵĳɼҲʩչָٶһء
̾;׾֮⣬Ҷ컹һ׽ȭͨȭ
ȭһ׺ܼ򵥵ȭֻܹ㣺һ㣬аԵҪƾΪڶ㣬һҪΪս£ҪؾΪ
Ҷ춼Ѿ͸ȻⲢʲôҶؾΪʩչѾԶԸһĵؾǰڶ֡
ǾžˣҲִʽĻӡ
ΪǰȥϤ̽̽Ҷ̳ǰ̩ɽ
ڳǰ˸Լ̵Ϣ֮⣬˳ʩչԼ˸ģ
ΪҪݳУҲǳڽϾҺпܻϯִᣬǲװһ£ʮΣյġ
֮Ҷ쿸ϳ׵öΪֱȥ
Ȼ׵֮򲻵ѣǲʹõġ
ִ̩ɽѾǰʱ֣һ·ҶߣеĳȺӣеĹһˡЩ˴󲿷ֶΪżҲؾǿߣ쾳ǿȴһҲûϡ
ԭҶΪִӦû쾳ǿִ֪߳ǲ쾳ǿ߲μӵġ
߽̩ɽһС򣬱һλŨױĨӣŤŴ׳֦һЦӭӴλС磬μִİɣ糾͵ӣһۻ˰ɣϽЪЪţùȫ׷񣬰⡣
λһ˵ţһؽҶ·һùݴȥ
Ҷùݳ˳򣬵Ҳʵ̫ˣǸϽƴǵ˼ѾжƵˡ
һЦ˲ȻһѽҶƿ˵ѣҶ췭˷ֹۣ˷䲻˵˷ˮ˵ţŤӭȥ
ҶЩȴҲûƽϣȥ
̩ɽԭξ㣬ɽӴ󲿷ĶùݾƵ֮⡣ƽʱ˵εﲻϵȻҲ⼸һȵִᣬȫصʿ׷Ƽ˵أȻ͸Ӻˡ
ҶѾһȴѾΪغһľƵͷͱ˸ˡ


147 
ӲǺܴ󣬺ܿһȦת;ľƵùʣȻѾûпշ
ʱ䣬ҶûټѰŵ㣬˼ķ˽ȥȽ˵
ҲǺĲˣ˵ǣҶȥʱһ˳ûȥ
ҴææضŲˮŲ˵˹þ͸ŴջĵСһ㣬ϴһ£ͷϴһñϻһĨ
ˮҶǰ󣬷ֽ˵Ҷ죬Ц͹٣ˡ
Ҷӹ˵˼ˡ
ȷߺҶﻷһȦȫˣԾӶ࣬Ϊ׶ΣȻҲмؾǿߡ
⼸ؾǿУҶǣڽһǰģһλͷѩ׵ߡ
߿ƺ߰ʮӣһͷ糤ɢҴ䣬ʵϻһһ鲼ɵİΪҶûܿ͸Ǹؾǿߡ
Ҷ֮Իע⵽ΪΪߣΪһֲĸоָоҲֻҶҽҽܲó
Ҷ߶࿴һۣû߾Ǿ쵽һ㣬ŤͷϽջĿ⡣
Ƭ̣ҶĿܿ˶һλòŮϡ
ŮԼĪʮӣãŻ𱬣ǰɫԲ쳤䣬¶·һɫ̿㣬ĴʮˣֱҶ쿴ÿˮֱ
Ůܿע⵽ҶĿ⣬ŭɫسҶ˵ۣʾ档
ȻҶȴûľ棬ȻɫضĴȿ
ŮղѣתͷһŭȣٿŲűСӡ
Ϳ۶ôأ㳤ģģû뵽ȻǸСøҶ쳰
㣡쵰СøС㲻졣ŮĻĴλվ˵űҪҶȥ
ȻŮ߳λã㱻Աλһ
ã̫嶯ˡȰ
磬ûոøŮС
ˣҲҪͳָƼ̫嶯ԿġĵȰ˵ŤͷҶۿȥֵܣһ㣬ҪȻҿɾͲˡ
磬ҿҲֻϵͨСˣôءŮбۿҶ죬һĵ˵ΪҶöΪŮȻΪֻǸͨ˶ѡ
굹ǽ࣬ĵȰãɽɽˣ˲ֻ棬һ˱ʲôء
ѵбһ𣿡Ů
ۣʱ˼֣Ŀ⳯Ͷ˹
ҶҲüͷ֪Ѿͷҵˣȥء
ΧĿ⣬æСȰ˱ãϻ֮ǰͱˡ
ͬ⼸Ҳ׷Ȱ
ߣһأ´ҪٸǱС㣬Сĵ㡣ŮһҶ쾯
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Σɶش죬Ϊֻǹμ£زûд̫ˣֻ˼С
ոҶִŮ棬ΪеıǱΪŵܣҲƺʲôַסΪֻӡ
ƵսָΪ˿̫࣬˾þδϣʱʱ½бԹ
ҶȵЩͷʱĸδ󺺴ҡڵ߽
һɨûλãһͷæָҶ췽Ϊ׵Ǹ˵磬СӺֻǸͨˡ
ӳҶ쿴ȥͬĵͷ֣˵ߡȻʹͷҶ˹ȥ
ǰӴֵҶʵСӣӾһ𣿡
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ȥ˴պϴպϰɣλҪˡһӣ˵űһƨҶλ
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Ҷ쳯ӵȭͷһۣǳЦʵô˵ȭͷӲ
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ҶæһЦ˵ôأȭͷһ֪϶ʯͷӲ
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ǣλɡҶ˵űλվ
ǣǸث֡ûЦ
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æͷ󺺵ƨɿȥֻƨö룬û룬ֻ¶һСŶ˾ջһ
ŤͷҶ쿴˹ȥһվŭȵСӣ边Ϸ롣
Ҷæװһŵӣҡͷϵ磬ɱԩѽǽʮҲҰ
ȻҲҶûɵΪոžû£ֵһ¾ͱˡ
Ҷ룬²Щ֮ǰճƨˣȻһ¾͸ȥˡ
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磬ҿֵҲˣҪλûøɡҶЦ
ҿСӾλãԹ壬ӺܰɣһɵضҶ죬һ￴еӣûôúơ
Ҷ컹װ޹ӣ˵磬㿴ҳô˧ˣôܻأ˵ܳôϲôĿӺء
ûҶϹǸӷԸĵܣȥû롣
߳λãҶǰǳСӣ־
𣿡Ҷóһö룬ǰ˻ΣЦʵ
磬롣æɻ䣬ǡһҽУҶѾǷཱུϣĴȥ
󣬴磬ҵֱۣҵֱûоӾֵ˵Ż̧Ĵ£žžǺɾǸоʹӶͷ¶ĺ顣


148 
ӺͳӶüͷһ壬Ҳ߿˹
ѽʵڲ˼طˡҶ˵žͽϵ
۾һ˶ָ첲ϲ磬ңҵ֪ˡ
Ҷȴֽ˵ʵأұҪֵֻġ˵ֽұϣӵұȥ
ӿɥ󣬴磬ҵұû֪ˡ
磬СӲ򵥡ɫص˵
͵һӣȵСӣȰܣĵܣҿĲ㡣˵ӣȭͷڵҶȥ
磬ȭͷҵĻȰ㻹ǷͷȻȭͷӲ϶ûҵӲġҶЦѵ
ߣŻˣӽ첻˵䣬Ѿ嵽ҶǰȭͷͳҶȥ
ȻȭͷŻ;ͻȻоȭͷϴһʹջȭͷһͷȻһö롣
ȭͷҽ
ѹ㣬ȭͷûӲġҶЦ˵
ֵܽУʮǵûóȻ
Ҷûʹʲôʽ֮ѾԿжߡ
ӺôҲǸڸ֣ٲãҲܻһΪͨϳԿ
ŭ֮£һҧֱӽȭͷϵ˳ȻŭһһӱҶ쵱ͷȥ
Ҷûж̧֣赭дľͽӸץסˡ
ӣӾȻ˿ƲȻţȻоһޱǿϴϣӲƵˡ
Լ߿첽ʶؾ˫Ƶǣӵײϵɲǣֱֻһʹ˾ͱײɳȥһƨصصڵϣҲһʹ
¶𾪵ɫλͷͷܹһ˸ڸײɣɲ򵥡
ʹȥĴӵָҶŭ쵰ҿǹġ
ҶӣеȥЦ˵ŮԲӣֻǸɺϰˣܹأ
磬㿴۸ҡҲ֪ǰһﲻöԸæ
ãҿҲֻǸˣ˵Ҳûʲôˣ˰ɡ˵ţҶ쿴ȥ۾һУаСĪʲô취ΪȻԼ޷ԷΪǾֻֿܣһ֣ԷΪҪԶԼ֮ϣڶ֣ԷⷽʽΪܿɲҶΪԶ֮ϣϾҶʵ̫ᡣ
λֵҶЦ޵
Ҳֻܷ߷ߵصλϣʱʱҶۡ
ӴӵһοٱҲѧˣҶݺݵһۣȻкֵܣ뿪˷ꡣ
ҶŲصǰԵƬ̣Ѳ˶
𣬱ͻȻһߵˣƲ¶ף㱳һȺ̸֮ᣬֻҶһõ
Ҷʶػͷȥֻ֮ǰڴλ߹ûгҶ쿴ǾֱŴȥͺո˵Ĳһ㡣
ôһѣҶŻȻʶԼѳ׵ʵЩҡ
룬֮أһҪòԼų׵ڸ߱ˣԼϱŵĿɲһȻһǶǱˡ
ֽ磬֮вᡣ
ѾԶҶȥллǰѡ
߽ŲһͣûлͷƬͣ߳˷ꡣ
ߺҶ͵͵ɨһۣȻ˫̰ɫʵĿ⡣
þ뿪ҶﰵȻɿĳ˷
Ա֮Ҷ춪ǮʹҴ뿪˷ꡣ
Ҷ߳ͬʱȥ
ҶѾ͵͵ˣˣһؾǰڣڣڣҲ֪һǳԼѳ׵ġ
֪ԷĿĺҶ㾶ֱȥ㽫˴ƫƧֵȥȻɱ
ȻûϵҶһֻƤͻȥ˸ϽȥҲĥţȶԷߵƫƧĵطٳ֡
һһƬ֣ǰһӣ˵ľ˼ɱ˶ᱦ֮ѳǣҶ㽫Ųͣ
Ȼ֮أҲûٶزأĿŵس嵽Ҷǰס·
Ϊλؾǿһòӣһɫ̫ӲǺܸߣҲǺǿ׳ֻӹˮ׼Ψһصͺ
ͺӴһţֱ˵СӣĻѱϵĶ
Ҷ콫òŵĳ׵ȡϻ£ЦʵôǺҪⶫǾ;ܹðɡ˵ֽ˵ȥڳһӡ
һͺƬ˼ȻΪʹ˸ɫ
⣬ֱӳҶ˹ȥȻҲû̫⣬ڿҶʱ˽ŲһضҶ죬ٿԷϹźЦݣﵹ̤ʵࡣ
ߵҶǰҪȥó׵ʱҶһһö̽ࡣ
ҽһȻءһԵڵأ鴤һӱ㲻жѾˡ
һĻ˶Ǿŵһ
Сˣı·ǳСĵ㡣ͺѵ
ҶЦɣŲĳ׵һ˵Ÿǰɣ鲼ŵȷʵһһһʮıֻҪбȥǾǵˡ
Ҷϣ̰֮ɫ
һϣҾͲСͷۣͺ
˵ţҶϣΧһȦǸΪļһ֪Ϊ㣬óһذ
Ҷ콫׵رϣȻΧɨһۣ˵һȭҲ֪Σԡ
Ȼʮֽǰ֮ﻹóȻ֡
һΧԼȦӣûҽҶƵòٳְɣ
һ񺹣û˸Ҵͷ
ãǲ֣Ǵҳ֣ǳȭ˵ţҶĿһתǸذ׵ļһϡ
Ҷ˹ЦǾɣȭһаԵסһ֮µģȥ˵ظɱ
ԱϣһɻİԵ֮Ҷϱŷ˶ŵһ


149 ɱ
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أ
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ꡰۡһһѪӱߵķһ㣬󵹷ɳȥײһô׳ϣǽײһҡڡ
˶ŵɫһ䣬ҶȴȭͷصͷЦ޵һҲ
ʵȭһ̫ɹֻۣҶؾΪʩչԸڶ֣ȻһȭģԸؾǿߣѹԷҲκβˡ
һϣͺһȻ͵ͷҶ췢ƣλؾǿߴͷҲԥһҶȥ
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ҶûзŹ˼ӳԶʱһöס
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ͺӻæͨһڵأͷ󣬴磬Ұɣ飬۲ʶ̩ɽ룬һɡǰͺﻹ˵϶֡
ȻһĵԵ˵ʱȴأǱɵġЦ⣬Ҷϵ
ȻԷѻ˵ˣͺҲ֪ԼӲһˣ㱧űľĺͶԷƴһƴҲƴơ
Ҷһƽͺӷӣ˫УһֻƴҰһ㡣
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һȭͺӵĴһĿǰΪʽɱԷҲöԷˡ
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ֱǰһ̣ŻȻʶԼһĴ
ǱűľȫһֱӺķȻҶܽɱҲóԵ
ʬɨһۣҶ쳤̾һȻͳǸ˹ȥ
ժϵж˳
ҶԾǣﾹȻװ߼鱦߼鱦״һСҺˣӤȭͷɢǿƷƷ
ЩһӦ˲ɱԽĹЩ鱦Ҷ˵Ҳ֪Щ鱦һǴӱġ
һ˼Ҷ콫Щ鱦װȻĲģڸ鱦
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150 
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Ͼ˵׵ĽǮѾûʲôֵҶ챳ѳ׵ýǮ򵽵ġ
ʯװҶֽණ˷ЩҲһЩǮӰ˵Ŀ
Ҷĵǣоſһģһĺڿһţһ
ӡɫ֡ʯ
еп洢ǮģʯȻ洢ʯġ
Ϊһ㶼ȽǮЩˣ뵽˴ЩǮ׬ǮǿʯУʿ洢ʯȡѣȻʮְġ
ʯҲǷֵȼģɫΪڿ𿨡
ڿͼʯֻӵдȡͲѯܣû뱣˾ûˣҲûùʧ
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Ȼ߼ʯһ㶼һЩ壬ɣ쾳ǿ߲ŻӵУŽȥʯлƯдṩ
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׳ҽһĵ˺üûͷһ㣬˼ϣػεš
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ʦ̫ˣθڣһϲƯСáҶаЦ˵ֵǷҲƣռɫɫǿҪɫһأȻԸɿպˡ


151 ѯ
㣬㣬ˣҪǸ۸ңʦĲġСûʧɫ
ҿʦҲûʲô°ɣҪȻôᱻ˸²أҶ컳ɵ
СŲǣʦģɱˡ
ҶüͷһŵûҴô֪أ
Ҿ֪Ҫ۸ңʦһ㱨ġСһҧ
оƽҽˣԺʦҪұĻҾˡҶаЦ
ҪҪˡСÿ޺
ʵҶҲֻǸЦˣǻԵʱǿռˣ¶ԷˣҲ̫ݡ
Сÿ˱ӣҶջ֣ɾʱһлԶԶ
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Щǵ죬ҶǶüɵӶԽһλ÷߷˵˵һʬȥһš
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ӣһ֣λãλʵԼ֮Ҷˡ
ʵһǸʵˣԼֻҶͷһЦȻͼһѾµСذס𣬷ǵûҶ쿴һۣ۾ǽϢ
ҶҲ⣬ЦЦ˵ԭֵܡֵܺáֵֵ֪ܷ˵˵Ľ׻ᡣ
Ȼû⡣ӷˬشӦȻʵĽ׻Ტִ췽İţ˽ִʱԷ֯һᡣһ͸ϹˣΪĽ׻ᡣ
Ľ׻϶Щʲôأ־Ϳ֪ǽĵģҶ컹ϸʵ
ӷؽܵ͸׸ϼһҰԼòĻ鱦֮Ķóཻ׶ﻥҲֱӷʯģȻҲһЩһͨˣЩǮ
Ҷ˵ͷʵĽ׻ٰأ
ʶɽϣɽͨɽ·϶̯λ潫ʮ׳ۡӷһڴ˵
ԭˣֵǷִ֪Ĺ򣿡Ľ׻ԣҶΪעĻǺִᡣ
ִΪĲʸܼ򵥣ֻҪ25±ɲμӣֻЩʽļɲܲ롣ӷ˵
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ӷҡҡͷ˵ʵִȻ󣬵ǳЩִ֮⣬ֻмһɢ޻μӡϾɢȲЩŴɵˣʵҲһأÿǰ׶ǱЩɴȥġ
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Ҷִֵ֪쾳ǿ߲ģΪ쾳ǿ߹̫ǿһµ÷ɽӷ˵
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152 
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ҶӷЦҶֵܣء
ֵܣôҪ𣿡Ҷɻʵ춼ûȫʵЩˡ
ҶֵܣӵɽŻЩ·̣ߵʱˡ˵ȥЩҲȫһЩӷ˵žͽһа˱ϣȻҶʵҶֵܣҪҪһ·ء
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ãҲֻȥ伯жѣһ˸ӷȰǸ̸֮ˣʵ𻰶࣬һ·ѾùˣºòһĵÿˣȻϣһ·ˡ
ֵܣҪǾ߰ɣҲʲôٹȥ𲻷ԣҶҲһߣϾ߻ӵĵطһжҪһЩ
ҶƴǣӷźЦЦ˵ȻǾˣҶֵܣڡӷɾǹװһ㣬˫ֱȭҶǡ
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סڣ֮ӳзѵΧѾΧ˿ֵˣҶˣǵЩ˵ԶٵĻǶԼ档
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153 
ǣӱڴӦǺãˣͽֶǸϴûɣ
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Ҳûĥ䣬ӱһԲΪֻҪؾǿߣǱӦ
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ԷԲΪ˿϶䶨ˡ
ɲҲ̫ûִˡ
ڵ˰һĺܣԿĿɶԼһҡͷ̾Ϣ
ιͷɲһŶۣ͵˻кܶġһ겻

˵ӵԲΪӷɵ˶һ󽹼ճ˵ҶûеؾΪĻҪһȭӣǺܵ͵ģӵǿĹ
ӷЩҶ쿴ȥҶǸʱһɣ֪ԷΪǳܱ򶨣ѵҶֵʲôǳֶΣ
ԷѾչؼʽҶʵ׼𣿡
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154 ˫
ԶԶԿɽͨɽɽ·ϴϢԶԶȥͺһɽϡ
Ҷɽڴʱ򣬷֪ɽùƱ
ƱھڴԶһƬտƽϣһųǰʮƱԱÿǰųӡ
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ҶǴڨλŮ⼸ǲ⿪ŵģѵǲ֪𣿡
ôôءǰͷһλŮͷɵ
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ôҶһת˵Ѿǹ˾ˣֻǹ˾ԱſԽ롣˵ǺٺһЦ
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155 ԩ
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156 ͵
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Ҷ챻ȺѺɽȥ
ΧЩǣҶвЦҶһӢû뵽ȻһȺ
ٿǰͷλȵСãҶƽЩҲûʲôţ͸Щã˵лԵλƯСõĶ
뵽⣬ҶһЦ
Цôǲʲôأ۾ҶƳƳۣĵ
Ҷװһίӣ˵۾㣬ô˵ɾͽˣֱȺлĺˣôأҸո룬λ㳤ôƯʵ̫ϧˡ
˵˵ԹԱͣҪȻҾҸ뽫͸ϡ۾ûغȵ
ҶϽԹԵرͣȴáôװͰ͵ģ㲻Ҳһ޲ȥ
ڶ͵̨ϣҶĿضذڶСƨɣΧôöţҶ컹ȥһѡ
ߵһתǣ͵͵ͷҶ쿴ȥȻȴԷһЦضԼһ죬æջĿ⡣
ʱǰͷһλʮ˵ʦ㣬˵ǰ׽ͦġ
ţһĽһǧʯһƷ鱦һڶĽҲơûش
ʵÿɾλʦλӲأ
֮ԴǳǴμεһ͸ΪõĻ۾ɡ˵
Ϊǳ᲻ЩأЩǵʵ
꣬ɺͼ壬һж˲˲ţһľʮּңҶüҪǰûʲôϣȻˣ˭ҲһõȻ˵
ֻϧڱչ֮УҪȻĻһǺϣġһϧ˵
õһֵΣԭֽ˲żüãμִģҲֻһС˰ˡ˵
ʦ˵ǣùͷ
һ̣Ҷ̲סڣʵ۾㣬Ҫȥأ
ôϻԹԸžˡ۾ûغǵ
ҶƲƲֹ˼䣬ȻͲ˵
ʮӣһڵʶõĴ£߽
ʱŲˣЩһѶѴӵһÿһ˴ŲͬķװȻǴŲͬɡ


157 ɽ
ø߽ţһϺЦǺǵӭţ˵⼸㶼ڱչһΪȻ˲ٰ
ռŷɼЦˣƶΪ뷽ɱǲԶǫ
ռŷҡͷЦʵ̫ǫˣ⹦ΪҪԶ֮ϣټڹΪֻѾĶˡ
ռŷɴԲӣ֪һָ˳뻯ľ磬ƶǰ¹ϼбܡÿ׵˵
һһǫã׺һӲŽĵĻ
ţΪ컹һλʩأռŷŲȺҶ죬Ǻʵ
ʦ̫Ц˵ҶüЩԹƶִ󣬴д
ԭˡռŷ˵ҶһȦȻ˵ӷ𣬽žͺ;ʦ̫һȥ
˵һƺ׼μӡ·ϣռŷֶԾʦ̫˵
ʦ̫⣬Ŷÿһ죬ҲôͻȻͲμأ
ҲǺΪҴڱչ֮УǾûʲôϣԸɴȨˡռŷɲ²
ʦ̫˵ͷȻֻͷǷԸǾڴ˵Ⱥɡ˵žͺͿռŷһ߽ͬá
һ۾һ죬Ҷ͵͵ԡ
ã֮ûأҶյǶԵЦ
һ죬üˣҲŲء
ǿиˣҹҿһء˵ţҶǺٺһЦ
㣬˵ЩĻҾͽл۾ʦýв
۾ʦոջ˵Ҫ͸أû뵽Ƕüɵ˶ộǻɺ֮ǱסˡҶһģ
æ˵ǶüɲŲ˵˭Ҫְأ
õٲȷʵָͦеģҪøһҶЦĿֱضǰ
ʱߵͨ죬Ҫٺ˵˵ʦҾ״ʰ㡣
úúãҲ˵Ҳ˵ˡҶϽͶҪѾͷʦ״ȥԼóԲ˶ߣҪ֪ÿеؾΪҶɲԼĶ֡
ûãʦ̫Ϻִ˳
Щһһк뿪ɽŵùݡ
ЩǾסùݾϣִ췽ŵġ
صù۾ʦ̫ʵʦ壬Ҫôأԭһ䷿ģڶһȻЩᡣ
ҪҸסһɡҶЦ
ʦ̫ݺݵһۣȻ˵Ϊ˰ȫͰҺǵķɣҵԿ
˵ȷʵǺסһˣǶãɾͽȻͬˣ룬õļ֮£ﻹлӽأ
öԻ˷䣬ҶҲʦ̫ķ
ΪϵػޣЩùݵķȻЩƵͳ׼һǰ䷿ҲͰƴŴռ˴Ŀռ䣬Сݲˡ
Ǹʦ̫˯ŴأҶ쿴ŷŴʦ̫ʵͬסһңֵֹֹĸо
ذԸҸŰɡʦ̫˵
أذϣʦ̫ǳ˴ȱΪôŰһƽأҶ첻˵ţһתЦҪҸ˯һɣҲʲô¡
˭˭Ҫ⻵˯һŴءǼ
Ҫٺ˵˵ĻŲҽ˯ʦ̫ŭĿҶ죬߳ǵ
ҶֻùԹԱͣȻ˸ɾĽ
Ҷʵʵº󣬾ʦ̫ߵԼǰϥڴ£ԹԵ
Ҷ쿴˿ҶһĻЦӵջĿ⣬صԼϣҲʼ
£ҶȻûˣþ취õħצ
֮ǰʦ̫λõ̸ҲִһĽЩѣرǼƷ鱦ܶô˱ԼЩѾͷǵǴġ
һһСһֱ˰ʱ֣ԭҶ컹˼ŴʱһῪ֪þȻ绰˲ͣҶƲѡ
ԹɫѾ͸Կֵƻͨ磬˲Ȱ١
ٻͷϰˣҶֵ̾ҹⷿϧѵЩǳûȤ𣿡
֮£Ҷſڴ̨ϣһҹһ˼ԡ
ҹɫصҲԽԽ٣˸ɴڽԾ͵ضĿ
ҶЩʱ򣬡ءͻȻŮӵĺʦ㣡ʦ㡱ͦеӡ
ϵǰȥš
Ŵ򿪣վŵǸã󻹸ǣɫţǳʲô¡
һŴ򿪣ñ˵ʦ㣬۾ץˡ
ʲôǱʲôץߵģýʵ
æشңҲûղȥϴּ䣬ͻȻ۾ʦõĲҽȻϴּѲӰˡ
üͷһţƬ˼˵׷ȥϾ͸
ǣôӦһȻʹ˴Ҵȥ
ʦҲʦһȥ׷˵žҪȥ
ý£ȻֳҶȥΪǳǱȥˣ￴ɡ˵䣬ѾߵҶǰֱ̧Ҷ㼸¡
ôһ㣬Ҷо˶סˣȻڼѨλסˡ
ҶüɵĶŵѨַȰñͻѨλ˵ֶ˵ǣúÿǧҪѨ⿪
ǣǴӦһ
ҶһۣȻת뿪˷䣬ءһŹϡ
£лǵദˣӶãҶ켱겻ѣһ˼ǿȥ
ҶĿ⣬˼ҡͷ˵ңҲ⿪Ѩġ
Ҷͷߣⶼû˵Ѿͷ;ܾˡ
ҶҲûżһߵͻѨλһƽʵã㳤ôƯΪʲôȥأ
ңҴСǱʦġϻش
Ҷһҡͷ̾ϧˣ̫ϧˣôƯһŮӣˡΪŮˣһӶܲϵ⾳ǻŻʲô˼ء
㲻Ҫ˵˵ʦһҪˡѵ


158 
ҶҲ⣬ЦЦʵι벻Ůأҿ԰ġ
һߺ죬ǳ˲Ųһ뷨ôࡣ
ôôܽа࣬ûʥ˶ôأҶʵ
Է˵Ҷջֻǻָ֪оѣһ֮󣬱ָ֤о
ҲŲҪǳĴԿգ׿Щԡ޳ھܾ
Ҷúգ˵úѵЩν֮˾Ͳ޳˵Щʦ˽Ҳδؾûԡˣ˵ڷûƹҰοء
ʦ㡣üͷ壬
ҶȰͱɵˣҿʦ϶Ϊܴ죬һ֮µãȻͽ̵˵˶ǺöСͱϴԣӱˣת
˵˵ʦŲƭҡ
УЩˣ˵һһף˵ʲôȱΪأ֪ͼҶñĵ˵
Ų˵ǺüŭĿصҶ졣
ѵҪҾ㣬ʦϵͱЩ˸XOˣô˵㻹ӦøмҲŶԡҶ˵
Էô˵ƺҲмֵһԥ˵ǣǵʦҰˡ
ʦôأ㻹Ĵһһ˿֪ͼľĻھӦðҷˡҶһ˵ţһ߿ǵķӦ
ֻһĳȻǱҶסˣֻƺʲô˼ɣҶæʤ׷û˵һʤ߼ֻΪ±ʦ𷣣޹˵Ļ㻹Ӻأ˽Сˡ
ǵͷ˵
Ҷչƣ뿴³˭أҪҵʱȥ㣬ڻĿҪΪС˵ǲأ
㣬ĺˣʦɱģץȥΡǿ϶˵
һˣˣ߹¶أҶʵ
ǼֱţȴûбҶס㲻Ҫ˵ˣһʦģʦ֮ǰǲѨģҲΥʦ
Ҷ񺹣˵ôϰ죬ƤӶĥˣѾͷȻڤ粻顣
û뵽õĵѨַ˸һʱͻƲ˵ģҪѾͷѨҲǲˣ취ҶаòǰȻ׷
һ˼Ҷܿ뵽׻꣬æԪ֮С
ιСҶ½е
ҹʲôأò˯أ׻سҶǰ
˯ôû˯أҶ
׻ҶƳһۣ˸Ƿ˵ϻʲôϽ˵ɡ
£Ҷæʵڱ˷סѨλûа취ͻѨλ
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Сӣòˣưѱ˦˰ɣ׻һɵؿҶʵ
ҶĨ˰ѺʲôϵǿǱֵܻ׵Ѻúϵôܰ˦أ˵Һôô࣬Ҳ᲻߰
׻ǺðɣֻҪ취öԷӴͿˡ
УҶӦһæݻ
ѾϴҶһתѽѽʦãˡ
ôأЩͷʵ
ңұӶˡҶش
أǻɵ
ǾǱ֩ҧˣϺأץץҶ켱е˵
һɵ˵׷ĻˣǲѨġ
нҽѨֻץץѣֻϣѵСæǳ˲ӦƺʩҶ켱
ü룬ȻӦǺðɣֻǸץɱʲôԽ˵űҶȥ
Ҷһ͵Цȴһ˵ֺôܻᶯԴأ
ߵҶǰʵأ
ֱ֣ϡҶڻش
ǱҶֱץȥȻ͵ָԷֱɲǣȻһ
ֻǵһ룬ָֻܿȻռ׻ꡣ
ŮϺҲûʲôرֻǰô⣬ܸоеĲȵӡ﷢ⷬȫ߸崿
ϻˣϽҽѨҪȻûɾͲˡҶæߴٵ
֪֪ˡ׻˵ű̧Ҷһָ㡣
ҶֻһɣԶˣ˷˦˦첲ŤŤԴ
ˣɵûˡ˵ţ׻Ҷһ
һ㤣žͻָʶȻԸղŷû˿ӡġ
ãлҽ⿪ѨҶаЦ˵
ɫһæ˿ңҲû⿪Ѩ
ΪʲôᶯأҶǰ˵
⡭ôܡһ֪ľ顣
ո˵㻵£Ծҽ⿪Ѩѵ𣿡Ҷ컵ЦȥͬʱаСѾͷӳôͷӷǵôֵ˻С
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лŮ֮ҲòźߣһġҶڳһɫǱƽ
ҪҪһƨ˴ϣϾǾ֮ɫ
ɲˡҶ˵űϣֱӽǸѹ˴ϣȻڻὫǿˣС죬Сܵ㣬ҪȻԼһǰˡ
Ҷ˵ܿͱ㱻ҶʵʵضˣţԼҲָֻռˡ
Ƭ̺оǰһޱʵоҲɵһҲԽԽСˡ
ҶĴƽ֮£Ѿˣֹ̱ͣڴϣҶڲ
ҶԭҲֻСϳԵ㶹Ƭ̣󣬱ֹͣ
ٺ٣ôǲǾúأҶЦ
涣һǿģ
⸱ӣͦܵģҪҪ̼أҶʵ
⻵ˣʦһҪǧСǺ޺޵˵
ǰɣСѾͷȻôĺȻˣڱǧ֮ǰɵúúܲУҪȻǿˡ˵ţҶҪȥ⿪ǵ


159 ɷ
Ǿһ̣ءһ죬ű˸Ӳ߿ˡ
ҶһԭΪǾûˣľȻһɽҰ󺺡
վڴϵҶڴ¹ڲǣһ㵣ʵ㣬ڸ
ȻҲӵеؾΪֻҪǾãҶҲûʲôµģǺһЦڵ˵ҺλСʦ׼Խء
һʱЦСӣ㵨ӻ湻ģȻİͽҲҵϷ
뾡ҪҲ£ҲµģǻˡҶ˵
ãСӣҹɷϲˡ˷ܵ˵
ҶĨ˰ѺʵǰͻȻŽΪأɲöԷߴŽˡ
Ҷôһѣɷ£ҹҪСѾͷߵġ
һæӴǣҡͷҪҲŲҪߡ
СѾͷѵһɷ壬ǲɷ񹦣ʵ̫ϧˡɷȰ˵
ҲŲҪʲôɷ񹦡һڻؾ
ǰ㲻ῴɣѾͷ崿ˣôܻӵʲôɷأҶ컳ɵʵ
ôܻῴѾͷ͸һɷ۶ɷ֮塣ɷ϶˵
˼Һѧʲôɷ񹦣ֺαǿأҶȰ
СӣѲɸո£ԸˣɷӺʵ
⣬£ܻΪһ̸أ˵ͻϲϵҶ
ҵɷҲһģͻϲϵġɷҲᶨ˵
ҶĨ˰ѺУȵҺ£ٴߡ
УҺò׽ߣ£ͻˡɷܾ
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ɷץǣʦ̫æȵ겻ɢϹǷˡ
ɷ˻ط䣬ֵ˵ã㶼ôͽˣһҲϣҲ̫С˰ɣ
ߣЩаħ캦֮£еʦ̫˵űɷƣֻƣһɻƾֱɷͷϮȥ
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ֻѪãҶ̲̾û뵽ȻаĹ
ǿų֣Ҳ׷װγ佣ӿʱ佫ԭСķ伷ˮйͨ
⵶⽣Ӱĳ棬ҶﻹҾæΧɱɷ֮ʣ͵͵˷䣬Ȼһ̵֮زز
ǹɷǵļսճѾҶĵ£ӳùݺҶһ̲ͣɽ±ȥ
һӵ˰ɽҶ췽פͷȥѱԶԶ
ЩӦò׷˰ɣҶ촭ڴ˵űڸ˸λãһƨʼϢ񡭡
ִĻ᳡ڸһɽ֮Уɽ絹Բ̨ɽһķ̨Լһףʮӡɽܶƽɽ£ɽϵľѱұһƽ̨ףÿԹ˾忴ȥһ¶ݡ
ִĿĻգɽ֮Уɽµ̨һȦһȦĹڣȥͷܶǻֺ롣
ʱɽ̨ϣһһŸͲһֽĭɵſĻʡЩʿƺûʲôģ˷޷ǾӸϽ
ӶĭӲͷƤǼ̵ĿĻϣȻƵ³ɲұ֤ٴ»᲻ʲôʯͷ֮Ķ
³ϯϵĽŽͣ
ˣִĿĻʽҲԲˣߵɱʱ䡣
ֻһ̫ӣһֻϷһƴԲڵĴֽ̨
̨ӽĴֽһڣͲ˵һǲȡɳǩķʽֻҪҪ߾ɲμӱɺͼ޶̨ǩ
ӻ䣬ܵɽϱ½½߳һЩŮɽе̨۶ȥ
ȻҪμҶȻαȺ̨֮ȥ
ʦ㣬쿴Ǹ۸ʦõˡϯǸԵýеЩɵϯλǰλãԾҶߵĺܵ͵ǲɱرˡ
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ҶûмȥǩȺҵǣ͵͵ȻԴһֱǸŵһ
㣬ôˣһҶ죬ǾǼƵģһ󾪻ţԵĻ۾ǰһǰָҶŭȵСȻ¶棬Ҳȡ
۾ԸȽϳ嶯ﻹû˵꣬ϱѾչ˹ơ
ֻ˫չ࣬ϣгɻǶüɵľѧơ
ƷáҡϡնϽˮ಻֮վᣬ֮ʱѸ磬˷ʤ
ۿŻ۾ƳһƳԼٿѸҶҽŵأӯࡣĿǰΪĶĻԷ˲ֺϾΪ޷ʩչԶ̹
Է㿪۾ɵ׷ȥ
ûʼ̨¾Ѿȿˣ̨ЩǷ׷źк˶޷ҶΪ磬ܹɶ㿪ԷΪӦòȶԷ͡
һƶҶɶ㿪۾̲סҧ㻹ǲˣʲô£վűܡ
вŮû֣һԾ֪ˡҶƤЦ˵
ڻԵĻ쵰Ҳ˺졣۾ɫף㽿һҶȥ
ιҧҲأҪ̨ٴ򡣡ҶһһµĿ֮±һ׷ɲʲô֮¡
ʱ̨ϸոճǩҲע⵽̨ϷɱҶ죬æԵܣѵ磬쿴Ǹ쵰
ٿҶɷĻ۾һҲû˵һֱӳǰȥסҶȥ·޳ܵĻ쵰ܣ
չ˫۵ǰ棬Ҷͷ亹ֱðһþѾ׷Ǻˣû뵽ȻֱĳһѾͷ


160 
Σʱ̣Ҷһһ߲Ƶǰȥһ߽˫־ǰڳץ֮ƣͬʱдȣץצ֣
һһͬʱѸٽ˫ֻǰ
ҶƮƮȻĴߴһЦ
ֱҶܹ淽˵ˣƣС㲻ʬΡ˵űҶ׷ȥ
̨ϹǶֳһ̾飬ʲô˾ȻŮ׷ɱһãҪ˵ǸҲ̫˰ɣ
ҿ˵Ĺϵ϶򵥡
ŮӸСʲô֮ƵģòǱǿˣɣ
ŮļʽֿԷǳ󡣡

ϯλλ׷ײ²ʲôǧٹֵ뷨С
ʦ㣬㿴⣬ɺͳءüò롣
ȥѻ۾Ҵʦ̫ŭȻԼµӾȻôͬ棬׷һӵܣĸ顣
ǣôӦһǰȥ۾Ȼǰȥˡ
ֻʣһˣҶҲûʲôµˣɴͣ˽Ųȡһö˻ΣЦв˵ҵλʲôطأ
Ҷ룬ٻ£ɫȻһ䣬æͣ½Ųﻹǲ˵ɵļһб¾ͱʹð
ҶѾǰչʾˣܽа𣿡Ҷö˵
ʱܿ첽棬Ҷ˵СӣŲҪ̨ңҪȻһ¡
̫ˣҾϴһ˵Ѭ죬ɽûͼβˡҶ˵һ͵Ц
㣡ڴһ˵ϴиڱ㣬Ϊ컹վ𣿡
ˣʲôˣҿֻԼսӵ˵ǰɣҶĵ
Ҷǵ磬òŸϻֱȥͷˡ
ãɳ嶯侲ȰʵֺǰѵҶ죬ǵôͬ棬̨´֣ǽ˾ûйˡ
Ը㲻Ҫ̫类̭ҪȻҽѵʸûˡܺݺݶ仰Ȼ泯Լϯλȥ
ʱ̨ϵûͲûҪģûеĻ͵˽ˡ
ҶһϽʮ𼱵س̨ȵȵȵȣһûǩأ˵Ѿ嵽ӸǰҴææؽֽ䣬һƣһͷдһİ֡1
ô˵ӦǵһˡҶ쿴ź˵
Χ̨ǩûͲʹ˽ǻʣµĺͳƣȻպС˳򣬰ѡֵǳ˵ӾŴֽ̨
ȻԼһѡ֣ҶҲ̨ˣֱ̨ϥڴŶֵǳ
̨µĹԱһͳƣȻûͲʽʼˣ1ź3ѡֵǳȻ2ûб˳ߣԾֱš
ҶĿȫһɨʱ⣬иǾϲôɰɣΪǴȺվ̨˹֪Ӧþѡˡ
սս̨Ҷûٿûϳһʵι㣬ò1ѡְɣ
ҶؾһչʾЦãԵݲǳ
ԷкǸ۵ġ1֣϶ʱ¶ŵɫ
ʱԱһֻҪһͶ̨ǵزǾ棬̨λѡ׼㿪ʼ
Ҷվ˵ƨϵĻҳЦãҿô£ҪһͶɡ
ңҲŲͶҧ˵ʦαĻøԼԼսӵĻʦһ⣬һüߡ
⸱飬Ҷ˹ЦݣǴһúġ
䣬һɽȼصһʽʼ
ɲǣϯ˲䰲˵Ŀⶼ̨֮ϡ
ǵΪ֪ģǸ˵Ϊȴܿ͸ղŶŮ׷ɱҲΪ
üɵϯϣһǵʦ̫˵ʦ㣬ǸˣµóԴ
ʦ̫Ҳɫ˿̣޲Ͷ³
ص̨ϡ
ҶվŲ֣ЦѵãϽаɡ
ҲֻӲͷƤڿʽһҶȥ
ʩչҲǽƣҪȻ۾Ƿȱ֣ϾѾͷΪǳ޷Ʒȫʩչ
嵽ҶڸǰҪԷȥʱ򣬶ԷͻȻ߳һ̽˳ƾµͬʱץסơ
ֱסҲֻܻ˦ּҶ췢ƣҶǰ㻨ȭȸƲ˿ˡ
һ棬ǵֻ־ˡ
£ûѣҲֻܿͰ͵Ҷ쿴ȥȴҶһаЦݡ
㣬ǻֵ̿ʵ
¡Ҷ컵Ц
ҲŲ¡
ðɣҾжɡ˵ţҶ˫һֱӽǸ˻Ȼ˫˳ӡͷϡ
ǾһѸٴҶĻѡ
һĻʦ̫ŭشλվƺҪ̨ȥǸ޳֮ͽǧУǿѹŭΪѾ¶ģȴһҪƽСӡ
ϯϵĿռŷɺӷȻͱ˾
ĹǶȻҶҵžϷİͽ־ò
Ҷ촽һ˵ãһغϺϷ磬ڶغϣһʹľУҪСˡ
һʱȻ֪ԷеһĳЩḡֶΡ
ʱϯ˾ʦ̫Ǻ޸ؽкǣ
ȻʦˣȻҲûʲôù˼ˣҶŭһȻת̨Ŷüɵϯλȥ
ôˣҶͦȤģȲ뿪̨
ļҲûʲôʣϾһֵԤӣûͷǿûǿǿսֺټ
һֱǴһС߷壬Ǿܺһֺе£Ϊ˿ӵΪȻҲ;ࡣⳡʤܣʹƵĵһɻ˶ԷĽջ񹦣ӶʹԾΪĶڽ㡣


161 ʤ
֮⣬䵱һλѡ֣µһλоյѡ֣Ҳڶѡ֮ӱ
νʻҪҶеģЩܹΪ㣬޷Ϊ˱ȽǿĶ֣Բлչֳʵ
һֱʱ緹ʱ䡣
ʦ̫Ҷʣһգ۵Ĺ򣬶ԷѾܵӰˡ
ܶԣҶĹƺҲ·ϣΧ˶ǲĿڱָָ㣬˵޷ǾһЩɼѣɾĻȻҲţļһｫ⵽ʦ̫Ű
һһԤѡʤѡչ˵ڶֵĽ档
ϳ˳Ȼѡֺ룬ɵ͵߽аš
ڶֵԤѡʽʼ1ź5ѡֵǳ
ڹԱѡֵʱҶѾ̨ϡ
ŤͷһȦֻһӱı̨Щһһģѡһ㡣
ëңëԾһ̨Աš
ҶվҲɢޣҶ졣
ҶֵܣȻһֳǽѡëԾһ˵
ëֵܹˣҲֻС¶һְˡҶǫ˵ţȴƣһҲǰΪҲ֪ôš
ܿ죬
ҶֵܣˡëԾ˵űһҶ;ģ㹻˵ġ
ۿŶԷҪ嵽ǰҶҲȭͷ׼мܣɾʱڶԷ̫̫֣µٶȸĹԣһģǰ˳ȥ̨ϻһξֱӻ̨¡
СǶ̾ˡ
ҲӺŷӦе1ѡʤ
ëԾǱش̨ϵĳȻҶ̾ҶֵڹΪʵ̫ȻһвͽҸ̨
Ҷһգëֵܵ⹦ΪȽ
ڶֵһûͽˣҶɼ˰ǿϯȴһƬ
ڶһͬΪɢޡ
˵Ϊ޼ҾѧƣƵĸ˲ʤ㣬غ㽫ԷýڽڰˣӮʤ
ʤҲ;һĶҶ졣
ļУһӱǼɹʶĿرֵһǣżҵһλйŽɵѡ֣ڻһλѡֺո¶ͷǣΪ˳֮һڽ㡣
ʵһҶѾע⵽ŽɣΪǳܺ־պ֮ģӵԲΪǿߡһӰȭˣó뻯֮Уе֣Ҷ϶ǲԼĻҪǰ׾Բ⡣
ڵڶֱѡΪһλѡ־Ҷһʮֹʺ˵ֱӽǿ
ڵڶֱ󣬵ֱſʼ
ûȹԱһŽҶʮԾ̨
浹ʮ֣ڹԱϺСұһ̨
ŶһЦҶ죬Ǻ޲ȥĵһ̵Ȼٲһš
Сˣҿкܶĵֶûʹأúüʶʶ˵䣬Ҷһö룬ţȻѶԷ
Ȼǵû˿⣬һгӣߣ޳ܰ࣬챾СҪʶʶҾѧƵ
Ҷ۾һУаѾͷʶҵӦûɻǣΪλֵأѲʲôֶΣ
ôµĻ͸ϽͶɣҶ첻˵ԴһȻ˵
ȷʵеˣΪܳԵС۶¾ͻȥˡҶаЦݡ
汻Ҷ쿴һ죬ﲻͣţ࣬úĴ쵰
СһôĴ佱£ܳҶƤЦ
ϼ䣬
ȻԷôţҶҲòˣ֮룬ѵ׼ˣθİǰĵطԱöȻ׳ֱǰȥܺ棬ԷεֵԼһԲˬľɱʽ
ȻҶǣԷȻû˿ֵ߶Ķöǰ
һĻҶɵֻۣöײڶԷǰײͭǽһ㣬Ȼһ죬ž͵ˡ
ѵѾͷϵһһУϵƤҶоɣŪʵ
ߣ࣬ıֶζõģ׼ɣ˵ű󲽣Ҷ켲ȥͬʱнȣ
ƵһһԶ˵ʽһڵԸƵʱҶ̹
ǰֻΪȻһԶ̽Ҳֻܽơ
֮ǰУ涼һнֻܣԼһʮ㡣
ҶǰֱƳҶٿȥûĸ£һƿʵ޻ǡƷ絹ΪĹ˲ơ
ϯϵĹǶǾ۾ض̨ϣǶܺûʽֵ꣬Ӧơ
ۿһƾҪҶ壬һ˿Ц⣬˿ЦܿˣΪʱȻǰҶ쾹Ȼˡ
в֮ʱҶȴ
ҵҪǲǴ֣ܰҵ
£оԼĴͷѱָֻץסˡ
һ̣š
ܿ죬һдƬž
澪ŵĿֻץٲĴ֣ȻƵĴ̨ܵһ࣬ٻͷҶ쿴ȥ۾ŭա
еϯҲһϸ
ҶȻûбֳʲô˵ʵľֹǽ˴һ
֮ǰϷüλСþѾ˹Ŀ࿴ȻλҲϷˣⲻòȺеͶء
СӼֱ̫ţˡ
ɲֽ磬ĿŵüɺҵˣҲֻһˡ
ֻӢ̰һһҿˡ

۵һѾŭ
˫ƻǿǵͬڳµֱӳ̨ȥҶˡ
ϵɫҲѿͺǿԼŮ˱Ҷǿһ㣬Թ޺ɱˮһӿ


162 ǿ
ӷռϺһȻֿʼҶ
ϯһƫƧĽһȺңɴˡ
ʱһλµӣ˷ܵ˵ʹ죬˵ΪȻЩ޳ܣ˾˵Ϻݺ˦һơ
һֵղŶ㿪ƵΪҪŮ֮ϡ
֣Ůµʱ򣬾ְҡҲһλŮ˵
Ŷ˵Ҳ֮޵
ɲüңƾݵʶ͵кˡӺ˵
ֻǺӹ˽١ź̾˿
Ŀص̨ϡ
Ƭ̺ҶٺһЦ˵һΪʲô񹦣û뵽ֻǴ˼ѡ
ԭѾߵ޵ݣԷôһ˵߳ŭ
Ҫɱ㣡ŭһٴʩչҶ췢ơ
ԷڵسҶǵûбãӭȥ˽Ҫڰ·ʱҶͻȻҲһԷƵͬʱڶԷһ
ղסƣӲɵǰ㵹ҲһҽС
ۿ˫پҪ͵ذӴɾǧһ֮ʣͻȻƾһֻֽһҶõ椼
סһܿʶֵֻҶǻ쵰ǣæʱĳһƣ·Ҷ츹ȥ
ԷĹҶָ˻
ʧȥ֧ƣذϵȥһҽ֮£ٲʵʵ˵ذϡ
ſڵذϵ棬ҶһЦҺķһѣȴ𱧣³ҲȡҺ㴩ҪȻֻԭͲͷɵˤøƽˡ
Ҷ裬ֱҪˣĴӵҲûʩչʲôʽøƵҶȥ
ѾͷѾʧȥǣҶûҸ㽫˫סüһֱӽ˼ϡ
̨ҶһЦ˵ƨץһѣȻֱӽ̨
ˤ˸Ľų죬һشӵٴγ̨һҪҶͬھļʽ
ѾͷҪҶȾܡ
ϳǩʱĳٴݣϯϵĿǶǿ񺹲ֹͬλճ֣Ҷˮ֮˳
1ѡʤʱ÷С
Ҷɹǿ˿Сܹǿֱ漣ΪʼոûʹʲôʽϹϹײײǿǿɾͲǹ⿿ܹӮ˵ġ
һҪʶˣżҵĹŽɻ䵱ܺ־պҲɹ˶֣ǿ
ڳĲǿ߶Ѿ˶ӵԲΪҲ˵֮սƴѾΪǹս顣
ǿδ֪Ѿһ϶ΪִǰףҶ죬ͱԲˡ
ΪУҶԼǳ󣬾ʹӻ᳡ʧӰɲɵĵȾͷȡС
뿪᳡Ҷû·ǴһƬ֣һƫƧĵطһϡ
һһľɽ֮У̩ɽʶɽŹȵס
ҶܻһȦص˵ͷѡ˵ŵʱȴƳԶһƬҶϾȻճɫѪ
Ҷüͷһ壬첽ȥ
ժƬҶõǰһϸ۲죬ַűǰţ˵Ѫһµġ
ܳ˳򣬺ܿ㿴Ҳ෽һǵѪɽ֮졣
Ѳ˸ӵ˴˵أһ˼ҶȻŲѪǰ׷Ѱȥ
ȻԷѾȻûʲôµģʲôǿ֮Ļ˻Գû١ȻҶڴĻһ˵Ů˿ٿλáȻٳŸ˵ʱԵ㶹չ˳Ļ˵һЩҸ
˳Ѫһ·ѰȥǽҶǣѪһֱ쵽һ͵±ϱûټ
ΧѰһȻûҵκ˿ٻص±ߣҶ°˼Ѳһ˳ȥˣ̧ͷһֿԣ±ֱͣҲȥ˵Ǹ֮ˡ
ѵ˵ǽʲôأ뵽⣬Ҷֱ̧ұȥȻƴұڵɲǣұͻȻһޱǿȻӲĽ˸˽ȥ
ҶֻԴһѣͬʱǰһڣָʱ򣬳ǰѾ֮ǰǵ£һİɽ
ɽұ͹ƽڹʯȻȻγɵġ
ҶԾǣɽ쳣档
ѲҴԽˣԽˣҶһʱ֮Ŀɿڴ
ɾʱ׻˷ܵȴԺ֮СϢСһڸ
СʲôСιСǲǴԽˡҶһɻֽ׻귢ȥʵ
ȻСϢڣǾһԭǸ硣׻϶˵
˵СʲôأҶʵϴ׻Ԫ̸ʱҶ컹ûѣȻ֪ʥű¡
СǱĻ飬ǵʥǿűСŵ߳ơ׻Ȼ˵
ҶĨ˰ѺƵ㲻˵ǿ׾߳Ѳںң
ôأС׾ܲɷֵһ׾ֻСʩչСֻܷӳʵ׻͵
˵˵ȥСǸʲôأѲҲǸһǸ˲ļһҶ첻ʵ
Сӣô˵ģʲô˲ûûСû׻ŭ
ҶĨ˰Ѻ˵õõãֱ˵ĸ˵еСʲô
СͨűһϵС˺ϳ׻ȥʱȥǵǼġ׻ȻԵõ˵Ҷһǲ֪ǫļһ
Ӹ˵ȥģҪ翴Ҳ㼱Ҷ첻ͷ
Ժ˵ɣڻǸϽȥСɡ׻Ȳ
ȻСԷӳ׾ҵǿԳưˣҶ˵һYY
ʱ׻ȴͷϽһˮ㻹Ǳֹ̫ˣС׹䵽һʯͷ̺ҲսɢҪȻҲĴЩˡ
Ҷһź


163 
ȻѾʯͷкáΪȻ˵
ιСӣôôأôæôһ㱨Ķûأ׻յ
˵СƤ湻ģĴ޳ˣΪԼҶûغȵ
ǺãСӣΰﱾ𣬾㱾Ƿһ飬´αỹġ׻Ҳֻһ˵
⻹ࡣҶԵõشӦʵȻԸоСϢӦҲ̽⵽λðɣ
Ҷôһ˵׻ǻȻҪСڸĻȷʵǿ̽⵽ķλֻоϢȴ޷̽⵽ĴڣѲ֮ĸӦˣ
ҿһСһЩϢѰɡҶ²˵ѨﻷһȦ˴Ǹء
Сӣȥң˵СȽԶԱûӦ׻ߴٵ
ðɺðɣҿɲʲôȫĵطҪʲôΣգɵ취ҡҶ첻ĵ
壬ʲôµġ׻˵
Ҷһգǰô˵ʱ㲻
Ƿǳʱ̣ʱǵġ׻굹дʡ
ҶҲ֮ǰ쵽ǰЩѪæڵѰ
Ȼڽ²Զһ̯ѪطȴûٿѪ
ѵط˿ڣҶţٳԶ˿ܿעҲԶĵطһЩңȻǱǿʯܵײɢġ
Ҷ첽ǰӵʰһҿ˿棬ƺʵӡ
ǰӦþһսѵǸ˵˱׷ˣ뵽ЩҶ콫һȻתɽҲһͨȥ
ɾߵͨڵʱ򣬺Ȼͨһ󼱴ٵ¡¡죬ڿٱƽƺʲôȻڿһ㡣
ҶһϽͷһεĽȥ㵽˽ǿʯͷסɴ۾עԶͨڡ
¡¡ԽԽҶоµĵ涼ڲţͺǧ߱һ㡣
Ƭ֮ȻֳĿ
ǰ֮ʱҶ̲һ
⣬ⲻǴ˵е𣿡Ҷ۾ɵùԲٴλﵽ׻ǲǵ
˵е룬ͷ¹ǡʨۡһ壻βţβƣʱҶǰĹˡ
ȫƬΪɫҷŵĺ棬ͺɹ̵ҽɵһ㣬İĻ¿ȥԵøҫۡʮ׿⣬Ҷ컹ǸоһɳȵϢ
ʥ޵ϢСӣɵСˡ׻صѵ
ʥޣ⵽ʲôⰡﻹǵ𣿡ҶԹ
磬ʥ޿ǸʮļһϡĵطҲһΪ˻˲١׻͵Ȼһ߰˵ˣǰһԲô׶Ըġ
ͷôһͱǿˣ˵Ǹոմ紩ԽģΪû١Ҷ컳ɵ
ΪûĻĸͷҲСɽô󡣡׻˵
ûôŰɣҲͱ㣬Ҫ˵Ϊȷʵ˲٣ҿڵΪҲԽŰˡҶ˿ĭ۾һգգضֻͨ룬Ҵһڡ
׻굹ƽذҲò̫ģʥǸǻޣϡĵطΪ˱ǲʩչģͨҰ޿ˡ
˵ʩչָܲܰأҶʵ
ȻǲܵģĿǰ״̬ӦÿܵһЩˡ׻˵
ȻأҲǰ취ֻðһˡ
ǣҶڲԥŶԷûע⵽ߣʼӡ׼ָ
ֻʥȻǲҶϢŻ
˿̣ͨڴͣס˽Ų˫ȭͷС챦ʯһľ޴ӣɽﻺɨš
ǰӵıչϰҶָ࣬ʩչָٶȻҲһء
ҶҪָ׼ϵʱʥ޵ĿͻȻ䶨Ǹ䡣
Ƭ̵Ĺ۲ʥ޴һţ໡һ޺ɽһҶĶĤһʹ
µͬʱʥҶ񱼶ȥȻǷĴڡ
ȫðȻڵسҶ˲ᵽɤۣϽӡĶҲɵؼӿ˼֡
ۿʥ޾Ҫ嵽ǰָ׼ϣҶԥʳָѾ嵽ǰԶʥ޵ȥ
һɵĻǿɾ͵һˡǰһֻʳ⶯Լг⽴ȥʱ֪ܲ
ҶӺ˼ʱͼѾָǵâҲ˲ʥ޵Ķͷ
Ȼâδκ˺ʥƺǲʲôֻһֻǰȶס棬Ӳס˳ơ
ɾʱͼѾ˳ŽâײĶͷϡ
ͼڲû˲ʧһŤ죬˳ʥǻƬȫӡ
໣ʥ﷢ҵĺӲͣţʮʹӡ
ҶûɵţϽʯͷܳƹʥ޵Զͨ񱼶ȥ
ܵͨڵʱҶֻͷһۣʥĻɫڼᰵȥ
ȻҶҲ㲻ǰ״׻˵ģָǲֻܽʥɱģѸջĿ⣬ͣͨǰȥ
ǰͨ߳·ûоͷһ㣬ÿұϱһյҹһ㣬ӫӫâĵƾߡ
Ƭ̣ʱ¡¡Ȼֻʥ׷ˡ
Ҷٶͷǰȥ
ʥ޵Ľܿ죬֮䣬׷Ҷƨɺͷ
ͷȥһϵĺѾɢ͸ͨҰûʲô
ˣҶɲҰͨҰһ㿴
ʥԽ׷ԽۿͿ챻׷ϣǰͻȻһʯţȻʯŲͨľͷǿͨұϡ
Σʱ̣Ҷô࣬߶ʮһƿʯű˽ȥȻѸٽʯŹϡ
¡¡ͣЪʥǡ໡񲻸ҽӣҪȻ壬ʯŸϰ
Ҷ˿ȻŴǰĳ
һСʯңԼĪֻжʮƽһһ׸ߵԲʯ̨ΧǽǼյƾ֮⣬Ҳûʩˡ
ǰԲ̨Ȼ˹ɵģϵʯţԿ϶һ˾סʯƺҪŨ࣬һҡ


164 Ѫ
ҶгԾ֮ʱ׻ԺСӣСϢʮŨȥҿ
ֻһƴʯң˵ʲôʯͷˣһҲûҶû˵ֺʵ˵еСʲôأ
ô֪ǰСˡ׻ش
ôأҶ׷ʵ
һͷѱ𴫸ġ׻ʵش
ͷʲôͷأҶüͷһ壬ƺʲô
֪ʲôͷ޵ûԪģȻ޷ǽˡ׻Ƶ˵
һ˼ҶȻˣϴ˫Ƭɭַһģļ䣬ƺһͷ˵ʲôиԼѵ׻ꡣ
˼Ƭ޹ҶҲû˷ʱȥ֪ЩҲֻܵȼָܹˡ
£ΪеҪ취뿪
ʯﻷһȦҶߵʯ̨ǰָʯ̨ϻһ£ȻٵǰһûлҳȻ˵صҽڣʱпܻ
ڻԷǵѣҶɲڴ˾ֻʥſڣҪӳʯȻǲܵġ
һӣֻʥ뿪취ɡҶţȻһƨʯ̨
Ȼƨɻûȣһʯ̨첽һյӫȥΪյƵĵյƶҪͺϵİһȻǾĦɵġ
һ˿ΣҶץסһϹתȻʱ뷽Ťת
Ҷæת˰Ȧһ¡¡죬ͷһԭƽǽϾȻһš
ҶǼǽţûҼŽţʯ˰ӣû˳ŲСسʯȥ
ߵſڴҶͣ½Ų￴ȥﾹȻһİͨ׼ͨұһۣȻ˹ġ
Ҷ˿ĭȻ̤ͨŵȥ
ûһǰתǴһ˿⡣
Ҷ콫ŲЩһһͣߵתǿڣ̽Դ˿ҰľȻһȻѨͬʱһŨŨѪζ˱Ƕ
Ҷüͷһ壬ԥƬ̺ӲͷƤߵͨľͷȥѨ۵ס
ѨǺܴҲʮƽӣһһܣɢɢĶǰ֮ļҾߣͺһ칫ҡ
͵ҶĿŲƵѨλõʱȻһΪѨһԲ׵ĿӣﾹȻһˡ
һͷ׷ɫƣͺܴӣȻѨĹ߲ǺҶ컹ؿϲ롣
ĳŨŨѪζҶĶҪˡ
£˫žǹǦһ㣬ص޷֪ǸǰǺˡ
վͨڴãҶƺӦ˴˵صĻᵽɤ۵Ҳ
Ǹ˿ȥҶôƺѾˣЩȻǱ˲ȥģΪҪϲ벢ڿǾͲö֪ˡ
ûзӦҶҲ͸ӿ϶Ѿˣ׳ҽš
ΪɽƱȽϵͣԴͨɽһ̨ס
ҶߵĺŲᣬκҲ½Ǹ˾Ƶġ
òнݣ̤˰͹ƽʯ档
ҶǸһ̽ʱ򣬲ͻȻһѽסˣͻΣֱŵһȻӱľһ㽩Ӳסˡ
ʲôˣһмϤ
뵽Լӵ壬ҶĵҲһЩŤͷ򱳺ֽ֮˿ȥ
Ȼ˫۾ӵɲǣ˲Լͬؾ㣡
ţ˵ɫʮָӣԾɻ󡢲
ʱ˿̣վǰģҪΪͽܵǸɷ
ֻұϰһ鲼͸ѪȻ֮ǰɽ￴ЩѪһµġ
ɷа֮ˣ뵽Ǿ߲ʬ壬ҶڼԿ϶ǰɷطˡ
ԴĵطֿЩÿĶòҪɱڰɣҶнǣʵ˵ûʲô˵ģ¾¶ԷԴǸһϲ벢Ǹ
ʮ룬ǹɷȿʵ⣬ĵط
һʣҶһɣʵѵ㲻ˣ
һ
Ƭ̺󣬹ɷֻɵʵѵﲻĵط
Ҷҡͷͬʱʵô˵Ҳĵط
ɷҲͬҡͷδջأΪûг׵ŶԷټ϶ԷΪ޷͸һġ
Ϊλɷʵͬʱ˫ҲǽעҶ졣
ɽ⿴ѪǾѪȥû뵽Ѫ±ϾͶˡһǽڣȻĪһɽһֻ׶Ļ룬žӽһʯң䷢ǸأٽߵҶ콫һ·ϵľ˵һ顣
ҶⷬɷһĽǰҶЦСӣͬ˰Ȫ·Ҳиˡ
Ҷһ񺹣ֺʵǰϵôأ
Ҷôһʣɷʱһ˫һ棬һߵ˵ߣ˵žǾύսԭǿԽЩô仨ˮģǾյĺܣ֪ҲǸСѾͷˣԾ͹Ѿͷ𹥻һļȥѾͷȦס
ҿþͲʲôöҶ߷߲ƽ˵ʵôأ
֮һֱһֱӣںͷһֱ׷һֱ׷ҾӵɽµĹȵСΪЩ뿿ϢƬ̣һͱ˽ȥ͸ˡɷɫؽ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ԭǹɷǰ㵽Ӧòһ˰ɣʲô𣿡
˷֮⣬ҲûʲôˣɽʵЩ죬رǾʬ壬ȻѪ棬ŶëȻɷ˵ִ˸¡
ѪأҶüͷһ壬Ǿʬ˹ȥ
Խʬ壬ǹѪζŨأھʬԶʱҶ쿴ʬȷʵһ̶ʺѪҺһطš
ҶӣѹͨŵһѪζ
ʱɷߵҶԣ˵ʬʮֹ죬ȻѾˣϰһö룬۾թʬƵġ


165 Ԫ
ɷôһ˵Ҷ콫ʬϸ۲ԽɫԽΪأǾһѪ壡Ȼ˱סˡ
ɷҶͻľһٳҶ쿴ȥȴɫ԰ףͺǿʲôΪ˼һ㡣
ιСӣû°ɣɷҶ죬ɻʵ
Ҷһʱ˿̣ԴﲻͣظҽеһλΪΪѪ壬ظ
ΪҽﲢûʮϸؽѪķҶҲ޷϶ǰⳡǲνѪ塣
Сӣո˵Ѫʲô˼أɷʵ
ҶЦ˵ҲϹ˵ġֵ˿»û
Ѿˣôܻأɷŵ
ûоڻҶѵ
˵Ǳעڵءɷ²
ҲɡҶ˵ܾûô򵥣ǰνġѪ塱Ļɾ͸Ӹˡ
ʱɷ˵ˣ߻һֵĶ˵ţ㳯ɽŻȥҶ첽ϡ
ɷߵǰӼһֻƿҶչʾ˵㿴ƿĶȻᶯͺǻһ㡣
ֻƿһŻҰɫĶڷţȷʵӡ
ϸ۲Ƭ̣Ҷ۾һæƿӽ˹ȻϸһԪ񣿡Ϊƿһ׻״̬Ϊơ
Ԫ񣿡ɷһ졣
ҶҡҡͷŤͷǸ߿˿ֿ϶˵ûв´ĻӦͷꡣûԪ֮ǰͲܱ֮ΪԪ
𣿡ɷԾӶճˡ
Ҳֻǲ²ѡ˵ţҶԪԻƿļһ﷢ȥ˴ʵιõ˵𣿡
Ҷ컰䣬ƿĶͻȻֹͣ˷ڣȻûһŤԾؿҶ졣
һĻҶ͸ӿ϶ƿװŵͷ꣬һǴ˵صΪģǾͲö֪ˣһʮֿ϶ģط˾Ǹ쾳ǿߡ
ƿ겻˵ҶҲû취ҲֻܽŻصϡ
ȻɲɵôƿӰļһųΪһλ쾳ǿߵĺʮصġ
ƿӺҶɷ˵뾡취뿪ҪȻ˻ǿҲôƿˡ
ɣɷųһ亹˵ûʲôµģҪҶ˵ģ걻װСƿóǿɾˡ
Ҷûٷϻֱӳͨȥ
ɷеιСӣòȥֻƴɣ
Ҳȥƴһƴ˵ǼһҲûôҶͷҲص˵
ǼһķˣҵĹͶ˿˺ɷ˵
˵Щ𣿸ղѾҸˡҶ̨ףͷɷ˵
ɣôأɷԾ
ˣôģ߰ɣֻܽɱ˵ţҶŤͷ߽ͨ
ɷ룬Ȼ첽ȥ
˺ܿصʯ
һ׼ҶԹɷ˵׼ȥţһչ
ãɷˬӦ˵ţ㽫־ǰ۳һɫ
ɷѾ׼Ҷߵǰһű㽫߿
ѽɷһҪ׳ȴſھȻտҲ
Ȼ־Ƭ̣ͷûжҶСߵǰ̽Դ˿ֻʥѲӰ
ѾˡҶͷɷ˵
ǸϽ߰ɡɷ˵űſ
ҶҲûٳɣɷһͬʯңͨǰ
뿪ʯҲûã¡¡죬ȻʥѾ˵Ϣ׷˹
ʥԽԽǰͨȴ޾ͷӣɷһһ˵СӣͨûоͷƵģҿⲻһսˡ
ţֻ׷ԶʱչҶ˵
ãɷһڴӦ
˼ǰȥ
ɾʥ׷ԶʱǰͻȻһֲ·ڡ
Сӣǰзֲڣɷʵ
ԭҶǴͬһ·ģΪһ𣬶Ըʥ޵İҲҪһ㡣ûڣ׻ͻȻСӣҲ෽ƺʲô
Ҷһ㶣˼Ƭ̺Թɷ˵Ƿֿߣұ
ֿ֣ߣǸΣˣɷЩ졣
ȻʱѾܵ˷ֲ·ڣҶֱӳұȥɷƬ̣Ҳûֱ̫࣬ӳ·ȥ
˷ֿܣʥȴǺԥҲ·׷ȥﻹ໡Ǻܷŭӡ
ʥԼ׷Ҷͷֱð亹ȥþͻᱻ׷ˡ
Ҷ˼ǲҪ취һʱ׻Զˣǰ
׻ⷬҶҲֻҧǰȥ
֮䣬ǰһƬ⣬ʥŭֹƺҪֹҶǰһ㡣
ۿʥ޵ľƾҪӱҶһݣԾͨʥȴͨӲֹס˽Ųͨûκε谭ǻŲҽͬʱ﷢ص
ʥӣҶû˿иæΧһ顣
ǣﾹȻһ滷µľȣɽȵֻһСܵɽ¶͸ʣҪȥȻǲܵġ
ɽɨһۣ˼õͰľһЩдӲ֮⣬ƺҶϸһȴǰһƬݴƺʲôǽ˹ȥ
ǿݴһȻһʯʯʲôҲûУʯͷһ΢΢¡СӦһĹֻĹĹƺ᲻һˡ
֪ǷĹҶæ˿˼ŤͷܿȥĹ֮⣬Ͳˣ׻ʵСһĹ֮⣬ʲôҲûˡ
ԣ⸽һˡ׻϶˵
ҶĨ˰Ѻû˵ҲǸˣҾʹĹЩձ׻ƭطڿɺãֻʥ޾ſڲߣҲӲȥˡ
׻ȴᶨ˵ˣһǻġ
ҶһæǷĹȥһ⣬Ҳ˹ƬЩֲĹͻȻѿĳһʬʲôġ
뵽ЩҶʶ˿˼ͬʱ˹׼
Ƭ̣ĹͻȻ˶ֻһɰ˳ɰҶŵ亹ֱðϾԹЩδ֪ĶһηУӵηĸоġ


166 
Ĺð̣ƬﲻҲôĵӦûʲôĳ˰ɣ
ҶסŰ̿ȥһֻѾץס˱ϳ׵ĵֻҪһĳʩչնͷһ
ҶǣĹﲢûбĳʲôŰһ֮ȴ۳Ϊһ͸İɫӰһ׷ԲԵߡ
һ֣ͨڴʥӣԴڵϣţʮ־ηӡ
Ҷ콫ߴһȦ󣬶ʱԪ壿
Ϸڴغ꣬һλӵԪࡣ߿˵һϲ顣
ȻֻǵԪ״̬ڣû֧£޷ʩչģԾû취һ˹ֻͨܽԪԪ֮Ľ
ǰ𣿡ҶԪչ˶Ի
Ϸֻˣڴ˵ѾһλӵС߻ش
Ҷ˵ͷʵǰѵģҶɲõϻ˭ܹԪ塣
ҶôһʣЩȣʵ֪֮µģ˵ڣʶʲôЦŵ˵ͷԭˡ
Է֪ʲôӣҶ뷢ʣͻȻ˵׻ѣĪҪˣϷѾˡ
ϲӶȹˡ׻û˵
һЦȻ˵׻ѣλ˹Ϊ˼Ϸ𣿡ƺܿĵӣҲν磬һϹ֪Ҳ֮¡
ϲû뵽ˣԪô׻䳰ȷ˵
ʱҶСò֪λǰ˰ɣ
ʲôСûûС׻û˵λǰȻù˼Լӡ
׻Ѱû뵽㣬ȻҲǵ˾ءЦ
ϲЦٱ𻹻ţ㶼ѾΪһѰ׹ˡ׻˵
ҶּŴߵιС㻹ûشأ
׻Ͱ͵˵ûûոտֻСèʱ򣬱ͻϲҲˡеСèָȻֻʥˡ
ﲻأҶ첻ˬ
ʱҲǺȷ˵һʱҲͲ壬˵ǡ׻겻ͷ
ţ߿ʵ׻ѹΪ°ɣ
׻۾һʵϲ֪С𣿡
߻˵Ӧþռݴ˵صǸ
Ȼˡ׻˵Ҷ˵СӣԼȵģһҪǸҰС
ԼʲôԼأҺֻ˵Ҷѣû˵Ҫ˵ǸһɲǼҿɲȥҶȻܾ
ߣС׻
ҾǵСôšҶˣ
ִݣæռݴ˵صȷʵöԸδ޳Ԫ壬Ȼ֮ˣΪȴԶԶΪƣѾ޳ԪӤ
޳ԪӤôܣô޳ԪӤأ׻꾪ؼ
ҶҲͬ𾪲ѣ׻˵ϵ쾳ԪеĵһԪڣԪ֮ԪڣȻŵԪӤڣҲ˵˵Ϊ쾳󾳽硣
һ㣬ҲΪѽ⣬Կ϶ǣΪϡΪҲڲˣŻѡ˵˵
׻ɻȻΪҲϡӰ죬ǵԪӤأ
Ҳֻһˡ˵
Īǡ׻Ծ
ɫصص˵ͷ
ιǵ˵ЩʲôأҶһͷˮ
׻̾˿˵СӣҲôˣϽ뿪˵ɡ˵ţʵˣϲ磬ЯЩӦûڰɣѾòˣɡ
ҡҡͷ˵ϷбﶼǬУԽʱǬѾ֪١
˵ҲǣЩ䵽ı̬СҲһʯͷöǬˡ׻ź
ֵûˣſСһﵹڣȻ˻˲٣ǻǺܸߵġռ˵صѱˣҲֻǱӶѣλСϲĻϷԸ⽫ת㡣
ǰԸ͸ңҶһϲ룬ôһֻ·൱硣
ߵ˵ͷ˵СлԵĻСһΪĵ֡
һ磬Ҷ͸оͷ
׻ָ˵Сӣϲûƭ㣬ֻСèʵҲͱȱôһҲһˡ
Ȼ֪׻ⷬЩţԿ϶ǣֻʥ޾Ǹ൱ļһ
ǾͶлǰˡҶϵл
СһϷǧ꣬ϷѣСǧҪƴ߿ͨڴʥޣ˵˵
ǰģһúôġҶĴӦ
ߵ˵ͷ̧֣иһҺ˴СĹš
飬Ǹ޶һ˿飬ôСһͨȻͻΪˡ˵ţؽҶȥ
Ҷüͷû壬ԪںΪһ
һ̣ҶǲͷҲоֻʥ޾Ҳνͨɡ
СѣڴĪԵϷὫдΪעڣԸΰҪúϧɫ˵
лǰǡҶ칧л
ţߵ㿪ʼŤֻΪŰӿҶ֮С
ҶؽԪȭͷСİɫͣš
ϲ˵߾ߣҲ˵Ļ׻꿴˸е˵
СλǰʲôϵأҶʵ֮ǰĶԻϵǳӡ
ϲкɣʥһ̤;ɵ磬ȴ˿ռ;ϲȻԽ磬Ҳ˲ˣȻڴˡһ£׻һ˵ӡ
źҶĬƬ֮ĬȻݳع塣
ͨڣʥ޲֪ʱѾվҶҡβͣһƵӡ
ҶһЦ˹ȥ
ҶʥǵôԴϲ˲䡣
ͬʱҶԺһͯ۶ֻĽˡ
Ҷʥ޵Դʵ𣿡
ҽС裬ǰ˸ȡ֡ʥ˵


167 ǿ
ţҾͼСɣˣҸղŵĹû˺ɣʥϵĻ浽ڻûлָҶǵʵ
ûأҵķָģ˸ղһȷʵС˵
ҶЦЦʵղǸֲ·ڵһ·Ӧþĳڰɣ
أһ֮·ղǸӿѾһغˡС˵
Ҷúգɾʱͨȴһ󼱴ٵĽŲűɷǰתǴ˳
СԴҶϣɷΪҪҶˣǸϽСӣ㡣˵űҪ𹥻
ǰҶϽֹ
ɷƺҲһЩߣʵСӣ㣬
ҶæֻܵͨԣҺúýһȻͳΪˡ
ɷô󺹲ѡ
ˣɷǰ㲻һ·ôˣҶɻʵ
ҿһ׷ңģԹһѡɷֵ˵
ҶһжɷȻаЩνʿΪаʵǸ֮ʿҲ֮ٲžһ
ԭɷǰҺ˹ҪȻɾͲˣոֻ˵·һ·Ҷʵ˵
ɷһ£ȻҵҺֿߣҪȻ·˶ɥˡ
ǰҶҲͬң׻˵ʱ˾·֪
Сӣ˵һ˵˻ɷͻȻӦɵʵ
ҶʶԼ˵©죬ǸϽ͵һ鹵ͨ
鹵ͨɷͷƤһ
ҶҲûСʵС裬Ӧ֪İɣ
ǽǸɽСشֵˣҴǹȥ
ãҶӦ
ǣСĴ£ֻصԭȵǸɽ
СһƬԹ⻬ұǰͣ½ŲͷҶ˵ˣǽڽȥͿԳȥˡ
Ҷ콫С˵ĻɷȻ˶һϰҲҲϣû뵽ھȻƤ¡
һ˼ҶС˵С裬ҿ㻹ǼɣҪȻȥΪήø졣
ʵѡС£ҶҲǿǵ෽ԭΪ˻ֻ֮һҪһǣȴ˵˻Ȼ˴ĺۼԼСĻǾ൱ڸ߶ԷľԼ
СشӦȻԴҶϲ˲䡣
С֮Ҷ͹ɷһ߽ͬǽڡ
ͽȥʱһҶоһǿ֮ţǰһڣԴһΣָʱǰĳѾı䡣
֮ǰƬɽȣʱɫ
ѵǰʱ֣Ҷ󣬺ҲЩʱˣ˵֮ǰʱѾǻƻʱ춼ûǰô
Щ϶¶ˮȻˡɷ˵
ɣôоŹСʱأҶ졣
Ҷо˺üˡɷ˵
ʱҶһԴˣһòμİһǵһʱҲ쿪ʼˣҵøϽˣڡ˵ţһ̵ɽ񱼶ȥ
Сӣʲôأɷڱ󺰵
Ҷ졣ҶͷҲصػش
ִ᳡
ʱ̨վһ꣬ǹżҵĹŽɣϯȴһƬ
СһǺ²ˡ
ɲֻƾǿĶ֣Ȼҳսˡ
ҿСǱһǶüɱˡ

˲²ơ
üϯϵľʦ̫ϯȥȴҲ߿
ʱĻͲȻһѡֳٳδ̨Ǿ͵
û˵꣬᳡ڴһ½Ҳ
˵ĿˢˢسڴȥֻϤС𼱻ǵس᳡̨ȥ
᳡žƬ̣ϸ
Ҳ˵Ҷ첻Ǻģ෴ģĳֵЩȡ
Сӵ湻Ӳģôûأ
ⳡҲûʲôͷСӿŽɵһжӲ¡
ԸСó㾪˵ı֡

˶Ҷ۰᲻һ󲿷˶ʵôá
ȻҲвٸ֣Ѿע⵽Ҷ챳ǼòŵĶǲǱֻʲôأһӵбļһǼ
üɺϯϿȥͷɫôÿǷ̩ɽҲûҵСӣֲ֪ð˳
ȻһѡѾ̨Ǳͼɣλѡ׼Ա
ǰ¿ʪ⣬һǱӵļһŽЩ졣
ɢޣҶ졣ҶЦرϴ
żңŽɡŽҲòԱš
ܿ죬
ϯҲڴŹŽһнԷ̨ͬʱҲиڴҶı֡
ҶֵܣҿҪˡŽҶѵʵĶ֣Žû˿⡣
ֵܣ룡ҶЦơ
Է򶨵ӸǽйŽɽһҽһֵĲӣӱһҶƮȥ
Ҷڵ˶һԾΪ֮ǰ£ŽɶʹĲҲԿǽҶ쵱˵ĿǰΪֹǿĶ֡
żϯϣһʮ߰ƯŮ˷ܵһ˵֣Ȼʹ˹ӰǸһǱˡ
ŮǹŽɵùϪǸ׹۷硣
ǹżҲкպң֪Ӱȭǹżҵѧȴ֪żҳӰȭ֮⣬һĹӰ
Ӱ֮Բ֪ǹżҹŲţȫΪײжɣԽҲͱˡ
׹ӰֻǵĲʩչȥӰ׽
ŽȻֻײһС֣ʩչȴҲۻҡ
˵̨ϵҶ죬ϯϵĹҲ޷ŽɵӰ
Ȼ۾޷׽Ҷɴͱ۾ʹԪ֪̽Էķλͬʱְڿʽʩչȭ׼ӭԷĹơ
Ҷ⸱̬ϯм˿ʼ
Сӱ۾òҪ˰ɣ
ûѾڳ
ʩչĺǰȭ
ûȷʵǰȭͨõĹԸżҾѧüʯͷ
ҿСƲСеʵ

˵δͣЪ̨ϱ˹ŽɵĽк꼻һ֣
ȻŽѾ˹ʩչӰȭĵһʽ


168 
ΪоֻľԴ󲿷ֹĸΪ׼ΪĲ㣬żҵӰȭȻҲ⡣
ʱϯ¸ԿҶǰӰȭȭӰƮ׽
⿴ⳡ棬˶Ѿ϶ҶǱˡ
ЩȭӰҪ֮ʣҶڻȭͷһӰȥ
аԵȭһ㣬Ҷ쿴һӦԷһȭѾ´ࡣ
ڹҶܽҵػжԷı壬԰ȭԸӰȭȻǳԿġ
ʵȴǳ˵ϣҶǵ˹ŽɵȭͷһӲĵ˶Էȭơ
ءһ֮£˶˼Žס
ϯϵĹһĿɿڴһﾹȻȭ˶Էѧƺ㣳
ѵ˵СӵΪҪڹŽ֮ϣǿ𣿹ŽɿӵԲΪҪ˵ҶӵеؾΪûۼʶ֮ǰǲŵġ
УҲеؾǿ֣߳ҾҲǶʮĸѡ֣ǰҲͶʮӣӵеؾΪĿ΢΢
֣Ȼ˸ĹϪԾ顣
۷ɫأ˵еؾΪˡ
۷ǵؾǿߣԼӵʵһԣһغϵĽֵʵ
żҵӰȭȻ鴫ҶЦ޵Ԫ壬ԪŽһпµñƵʩչ
ȻҶʵĳ޶Էⷬͱһ䷴
룬һָͷ⵹Ȼٿʲôоأ
ʱŽɵɫôÿȻҲϵԷʵͣȴû뵽ԼӰȭȻܸ˶ԷİȭδʹȫȴҲԽԾˡ
ҶֵܹȻز¶ĸ֣ȻĻ¿ɾͲˡŽɫѵ
Ҷ۾һУﰵѲɸոһȭδʹȫô˵ǵ͹ˡͬʱ˵ֵܲرʹȫǡ
Ϊ˺ϣŽҲԥʹȫʩչӰȭڶ㣬Ҷͳȥ
ҶûҴ⣬ʩչȭڶ㣬İӿӭĹŽɡ
ܵǿƵİŽɻæס壬ҪȻƾɰԽܡ
չ󣬹ŽɵȭͷҲҶ췢ơ
ӰΣ
ֻŽɵȭͷһȭӰһϿȥûеһǰ㻨ΣȻԶʤһ㡣
һ
ҶȭͷҲŻܵİѸȭͷһҲǿ˼֡
أ
˵ȭͷٴײһһεײԱһ࣬ھײһεˣȭΪ˷˵Ѵ졣
ȭһ֣ŽһҶȴ˼һֱ˵̨Եǿͣס
һغϵĽ棬ŽռϷ硣
סƺûţæʤ׷̨ԵδվȽŸҶȥ
ԭҶʩչ׾ĹʽָףǿǵԷû޷һҲֻһö룬һӱŽȥ
ʱŽѾ嵽ҶǰӦʱѾĵѨֻһʹűоһ
ѾˡѾǰĹŽɣҶǳЦ˵
һ̣ϯܶ˶ŽɱƽŭҶʹñֶΡ
ҲһЩóվҶһߡ
֣Ǽһʵ̫ˣҪð磬ͽ̨ˡϪ˵ǸģƺҪ̨ȥҶƴ
ʹðɶҲδػӮ۷ɫص˵Ѿ϶ԷȷʵӵеؾΪ
Ҷֲֵ¸ʰ·硣ŽĸԸ䣬ӸղУѾԵҶʵȻȹ۷ӿ϶ǰҶǵؾǿߡ
ϾĹвû˵ʹðһŽ䣬ҶʤҶ˳˾ʸ
˫Ѿ³ȻϯȴԹֹܶ˶ΪҶ첻ˣеĻӦǹŽʤ
ϯϡ
߷߲ƽ˵ߣǸ޳ܵĻ쵰ʵ̫ɶˣȻʹյֶΣ磬һҪӮǺУȻھϺݺݽѵǻ쵰
ĺˣһСΪ֮ǰΪ۵ġô˵ȴȻЩΪҶпҲǵؾǿߡ
³ͲڶԾܶ־ա
˺̨ܿԱź󣬷׷װڳսơ

𣬱ʼ
֣ʹ޺ȭܳȥ
ܲʩչƵһأɽԷȭƵ
һ˺üʮУһʱ֮䵹ҲѷʤϿȥӦ磬мܵЩ
ʵ൱˶սһ㶼ἱƴƴȴһγ־սͿԷʽ·ҵֵ㡣
غƺһܵæûʩչɱﵴָʽļ϶ؿڵȥ
ʹһУܷǵţһ˿ƻЦ⡣
ǵЦ⣬üͷһ壬ʶʲôȻһָȻղ

յĴָٿڣȻһײ
հвûüطٿѾһƣ˱ĵõɳȥ֮һѪ
𣿡ܵȻʵ
յȻҲ֪Էղһǹ¶Ҵ֮ǰеҲԼ·磬ԵͶ
ٹҲ³зԣⳡĽȻ顣
ҲûЩȲн㾶ֱԼϯ
ǰСʱϢʱ䣬Ϣչ
ϯﶼŸղĽеԷȭ򣬴֣һƬҡ
Ȼǰôô򣬾Ҳ֣ûʵӦõ͵ҪȻҲǻá
СʱϢʱˣһԭҵĳ˲ƽϢ
ѾʼŽɺ;նվ̨ϣյѾȬ
˫ϼţڿ֮˼ͬһʱԷ˳ȥ
ղҶһӵԪԹŽɵĹӰӰȭԵЩмܡ
û򼸸غϣ˹ŽһȭȻƲأȴսӱ
˵ս˲ӣԹŽһȭⳡ
³󣬹ϯϿʼΪִľܶ˶ⳡûʲôͷΪڰϣƺʹ˲ôֶλֵܶġ
Ȼ֮˻ܹҳ࿴ģҶ챳ϱŵǼϰصķҲǾ󿴵㡣


169 
λѡֵǳ
Ͳµͬʱ᳡źе˺Ҷ죬Ҳ˺ܣܵԸǹҶ졣ʵҲΪ棬ϾƾʵһߵһģҶǿġ
ź£Ҷ̨ܰ
Сӣ㻹аȻܹһŶҶ죬һЦ
ɲʵҲͦԼģôˣȫҲҲڶˣĽҲҲò̫ԱȻ㳤û˧ʵûǿʹһ˱㻹ǱȽŵġҶЦ
ûбŭΪȻغߺߵƤʲôãбͽҴ̨ȥ
ԷסҶּӴȴ̼ҽ̨ǲǰǱýأɱ˵õͷͦġ˵һЦ
Ҷôһ˵ﻹסȭͷѾÿ죬Ҳ쳣أɫһһ죬˫ɱֵ˲
Է⸱ŭ飬ҶصͷЦҪƣҪȻƾ㱾ҪңǼֱǳΡ
Ҷ컰䣬
£ܱŭһһֻŭҰһ㣬ڵҶ˳ȥ
ϯһƬž˶۾ض̨ϵˣǿܿɽ
ڣҶ̽Եȡöȥ
Ϯٶö룬ûзϡ
죬öֱӱɡ
һȻŷסҶаҲ֪ϴĺǰϵӦͬһ
ܵĹƱƽҶæʩչȭ
Ҷȭһĳһơ

ͬһʽʩչûǰơ
ܵƻһ׿⣬ҶоһɾӭϮܽʵ޻һʩչ˳̶ȣһѾ¯ˡ
֮ǰԸŽɵʱҶѾ˲ٿҵȻҪӰȭ֮ϣƵһʽҶȻðȭһмܡ
һ
Ҷһϵʹȭڶ㣬ȭܵӭȥаȭУû˿й
أ
ȭӦ˿˫˵ĲһغƺҪռϷ硣
վƺҶаƵĵһѾӰȭĵڶˡ
СӣȻȭҵƣҲʹ汾ǶԸˡȻ˵
ΪҲֻʩչƵһɣѲ㻹ΪĹҶʵ
¾ѧֺĹԸ˵
ϯϲ˶ⷬʾرǼɣȻΪԼѧ¾ѧ
ҪȹʲôӰȭڴ̾׾ǰˣҶҲøԷȣüͷһЦʵȻûиĹҪʲôԸأ
ȻƵڶˡ˵䣬ܴժһöָ
Žָȡ£ܵΪȻ֮һء
ؾǿߣ
ȻӵеؾΪ

ϯһƬ̾ʮܹ̤ؾȷʵš
û뵽һоȻšʦ̫̾ƺЩĽӡ
⵽Ӧˡϵֻ˵
Ͷһ˫˫ĽĿ⣬ͦűԺ
̨ϵȻҲһӣΧǵľ̾ġ
ڶҶ죬ȻҲһССľȣܿƽΪܴʱΪҲǸո̤ؾѣؾڱһΡ
䣬ǻüܰȻҶ죬һ߸ϣĿ˵ӡ
䣿ΪƯãôءܵǿƣҶȻһƤЦӣ·ûĵؾΪһ㡣
Ϊⷬ޳ܵ۸۰ɡŭһҶȥ
ؾ֮һǧ֮ңԲؾǰڱҲ֮ΪؾԽţܻҲɽԶ빥Ҳһء
ʱϲŻûʩչκʽҪԸ֣ͨӡ
û뵽ܾȻһ֣
СǱˡ
СӺҽ˳𣬲Ҫ̨ϲźá
еˡ

Щ˸п۵ʱ᳡ͻȻһ󾪺
ؾǿߣҲǵؾǿߡ
ֻ̨ϣҶſһɵܵĹ
ɲ֮䣬᳡
ؾǿ߶սдûϾڶʮ֮ǰ̤ؾѾϡˡ
ܶԣҶӵеؾΪȻй𾪣ΪҶȻҪСһЩ˵Ҫ֮ϡ
û뵽СӾȻӵеؾΪʦ̫𺶵飬ȻҶӵΪʮֲˬ
ϯϣͷ֮ǰһķɢΪ˿ҶķͷѾȫǹܡ
̨Ҷ죬һ˿ͬʱаǲ֮󻼡
󷽵棬ɫҲôÿԭΪԼϳԴͷ޳ܵĻ쵰úýѵһ٣ϻĽ
Ҳ۷׷ס
һƫƧǸɴŮһϲİ˵֣ĸһȻеؾΪ
ҿˡԱߵĺֻشЦ
ѵǲôЩ𣿡ӵĿעҶ죬¶ֲ֮ɫ
磬ͱϹˣҲͳŴѡӴֵ˵
û˵ʲôĲ֮ɫȴû˿
Ⱥ鶦֮ʱŽɸȴԵø򶨣ΪȷҶӵеؾΪ
û뵽һﾹȻӵеؾΪѹ綼Ϫ˵ҶŭƺҲ˼֡
£Ҷչʾ˵ؾʵ֮ǰˣУЩҲû˵ˡ
λؾǿ߶սⳡпͷˡ
ȻͬǵؾΪƴľǹˣĿǰܵƺռϷ磬ǸҶһֱʩչʽʽҲ֪Ź
ҿǰ̩ȻȻûܷʲôûʹ

ڵĳþδƽǰһսʵһս


170 ؾ
ȻҲϵԷӵеؾΪһ𾪲СһֱԸȴ뵽һŵĺܴ졣
ģ֮£ԣҪϧһд۽ǰһܡ
ܽҧأȭͷؿ죬ָѾĵƤ⣬˿˿Ѫ˳ָ
ɣҵǺڴν汾¡Ҷ֣һݲȵӡ
ҾʶʶҾѧܶԷҲͬӵеؾΪܻԼܹռϷ硣
ԱϣܴһҶȥ֮ŷŭһ㣬ӿȡ
ܶɲǣҶ赭дָ̧֣һâ
âһߣŤˣһ㣬΢¡¡ܼ֮ȥڼ仹ņ绡
Ǿ׾Ĺʽָף繦ָ֮䣬է
ֻĿǰҶ̺ϵΪϡ٣ʩչл޷̫ƣȻҲޡ
ӭϮâȫ޶ãƵسҶȥҲûʩչǶԼǼʮġ
âգ֮ϣֻ䡱һϵ·ը֧飬ǼҲ¶Ŀ
һӲӵĽ˿ףҶһ۱ϳɲʲôͨһ
һ˲䣬ϯը˹
Ȼһ
ϡ֮ﰡ
ҲֻҲֱˡ
д˱ǸҶǱˡ

𹥻ͱԣͱȻ߼ֵһͱѣǿ߶սһߣԶԶȹҪҪҪСסǿкãһͽɱ
âӰ£ܵĳһܿƼҶ죬ǰѾ۳ΪӰƵڶʽ̬
ҶԭûǵָܽԷܣԾʩչ˵ָ֮ʩչȭʽ
ǧңս£
˵Ĺͬһʱչ
Ҷȭͷޱ߰糤һ㣬ܱӿȥ
Ӱէ֣ӿİɻɢƾֱӭҶȭͷ
أ
ײ֮£ܿһŤҶİܵƾ棬ಮ٣һʱ֮ѷִۡ
СӻδڻͨҪȻƾƾװȭǵֵסġҶаʩչеҪԶʤǰܡ
˿̣ȴ־û뵽Ȼðȭҵǧңѵ˵ΪҪ֮ϣԾƬ̺뷨ܣһΪҸһУ޷ӳѡ
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һ˫˫ĿעųһĻܽһ֣һЩСӶʩչֵزǾǶһ塣
Ҷɢǽڳȭ𺶡
ϯϣص촽ڲҾѧȻвһȭǰһĻֱҵĳ衣
ӷ𣡡˵ĴԿգɿռŷɻǰ಻סеܡ
˶ΪҶǽװȭ˳뻯ĵزԲܵסܵơ
벻֪ҶҲǿΪϵľƣټ϶Է㣬ǿмסġ
Ƭ̺ĳһƾˣҶ롣
ν¾ѧҲҶûЦ
Σڶ㷽ųɣԲ޷ӳеҾʶʶƵһʵĿŬΪӣʩչ͸ĵһʽҪոɵĵڶǿࡣ
˵ʵĿҶмʶˣļǵãʱԼʩչָɾͽԷĹƸˡԣҲʹͬķʽԸһС
ֺܵʮǰʼҶҲæ˫֣ӡ׼ָ
һʼҶû뵽ϻᶯָû뵽ϵؾ֡ΪΪҲǵ͵£ĵؾ֣Ȼᱩ¶ԼĵؾΪ
˶׼У᳡һļž֪һغϵĽʤ
£˶ڴҶ콫ʹʲôԸԷơ
֣ļҶӡĶɴŮЩԾ˵
ӵͷ϶һûˡ
磬ָ˭أӲʵ
㻹ǵǰһǶ°ɣʵ
ԷôһᣬӶʱ۾һˣǸ˶ԸƵʱҲʩչʽֻƸ;ˡ
Ȼǰ֮˱ǵλˣǼɲŵĶȻƵǰѳ׵ӿ϶˵
磬Ҽǵ˲ǳӵġɻ
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ѹһʼҲм졣ɴŮӻȻ˵
ĻôǱذˡ˷ܵ˵
ȻȺǵҶ˫ɭȺľˡ
ɴŮӱľľľӡ
ʱƣҶӡĶԽԽ죬Ʋ
Ƭ֮ƺһʽһȻҶ췽ȥ

ͺƵʩչеʱһϵ˳ƶڿһڣ۳Ϊһ޴ɫƾ
ϾܵΪƲһΣ۳ƾҲûǰ㺧ˣͷҲСһ롣
ϯϵĹڴֻΪ˵һƵѾʮ㾪ˣɽҲΪ
޴ƾһɾ磬ǰҶ촵·ɷܵסһ𣿲֪ģ˵ĿⶼҶϣǶס˺ڴҶʩչʲôʽӦ⿴ҵľơ
ڣĿ֮£ҶϵĽӡֹֻ֣ͣһָ
ָ
ͼţѤķתУɲ֮һâֱӡȥ
һĻ˵ֱǶһĴڣȫ˵Ǿ׵һ
ڽâƾ˲䣬ƾɢһա
ܵɫȻ࣬âɢƾϮʶǰһƬҲ֪ԼϴŷǶķûаա


171 
ܳſһ˲âĹϮ
ԭܾԼЧ֪ڽâǰ籡ֽһ
â׾ٵػܵػǼ֮ϡ
˿ϵķӦԵ½âĹʵҲˣâȷʵδܻ
ǲһҶָͼ˳ϮֻоһޱŨϢڼٱƽ
ͼϢӡܵķϣžƬ̣һǡֻȻѳƬɢ
ĹȻ˷һȫ𾪣˶°Ѿһ㣬ͣ۾ľؿ̨Ǹꡣ
Ѫɫʧһ˵Ҿѧ׻ʷĳ裬νֵһң̧ͷ
ɡüɡ䵱ɡɣ⼸ɵҲȫĿɿڴ
ԾŻҶոʩչʽǵʲôʩչ˹죬˺ˡ
ܹڻƾֽ֮ܵݻ٣һؾǿ߶޷
ǰһҶָĹʽ˽һ˽⡣
ϴζԸƵʱ򣬽âδܻԷȴܽܵ˵˽âǺ˫ΪϢϢصġ
ΪԼ͵ĵʱâͿԴݻٶԷٴϴζԸǸɱ̵âܻȴ޷ֱӶ˺
ɴ˿ɼâƺֻ𵽿·ãΪͼ;пϰֻڽâ޷ͻƵϰʱͼڲŻᷢ𹥻ͼڵĹǳ׻ԵģҲǡǡ֤Ǿ壺ָ
ԼͶҽ̨ǰսɢܣҶ쵭Ȼʵ
һ
裬˵Īĳ裬Թ֮ɫǰ˻ϣҫһС
ܵҧá죬ģľôԷ
ѽһҶȥʽƺҪҶƴ
ǰѾʧȥǵܣҶҲһʶֱ׳ö롣
ûʩչκηҲûȥֵЩ룬壬Ȼӱ̱ڵأá
⾪һսôˣ˶δڲ˿ҶƺûʩչȫرûжñǼ
ž֮󣬲е
1ѡʤ˽ϲҶ졢ܡŽλѡֱ֣ùھǾλѡ̨ǰ콱Ǽǡ
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ؽ˼̨̧ߣԼдŴӳȥҵǶˣﻹʲôƬ̣콱ʲôģȫǶҵ衣
ڿҪߵ᳡ſڵʱ򣬸ÿǰӭľһˣһ۱ϳȺǸɴŮӣϴ֮ͨˣæ½еιվס
ԭܵսܾб˳ˣȻͰѶԷ˳Ͳ˵֮ѳľһ˳˹ȥ
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ǿҵͨҪԲ˶ߡ˵ţʩչƣֱľ˹
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ԭҪֹǶ۵оԷʽʱʱһ⣺ȭ
ʮһֱ׷䣬ȴû˿ջ񣬶ڴ˴ЩˣνǷ̩
ľһ漸к󣬶ʱʶԼ¶æסơ
Ҫ׷ȴغ
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ƴԼʵΪĲǿҪȻҪʲôشЦ
ľɫʮѿԷ˵־һǿ硣
ǻһת˵ȻҲΪһ㼦ëƤΪǣȻ֮£Ǿ͸Լأ
ľֺγ֪ⷬ⣬ԼŮΪȻǸŮĶ֣ǴӦ˶Է⣬ʱɾͲǵ㵽Ϊֹˡ
ѾˣǲúðգǿɾͱǿˡЦַʽǰЩɡ
ʱҶҡڵߵ˹̨ǰ
ΪǵĽƷ̫أЯĻܻܿᣬнƷʼĵķʽţѡֻҪһַɡ
Ҷ˵ַϵ룬ٽ˼λԱһף֮󣬱ϲ̵תȥ
û߼㿴˻᳡ڴΧһȺˣǷʲôµӡ
֮£Ҷ첽˹ȥȺһϵѯһҲͲ³˴š
Ȼ˫һΪǿִֻͨҶǣΪλΪһͨôͬԷ󶯸ɸأ˵Ϊ˾öԷ˵ƺҲ̫ǣǿˡ
ϴϼλɴŮʱҶʹ²³ݣٿˣҲ͸ӿ϶ˣЩľˡ
˫ɵʱľҲԼж¼ͱˣҶȻֽڹȥˣֲԹۡ
һҲֻӲͷƤȥҸòΪ˱ԾЩ޹˳ɣ˵䣬Ҷڳһݲȵӡ
Ҷ棬һ˿˵СӣΪмֱ¾ͿĿˣǰ֮ȰñܣĻݹҲ
ȻֻصһдǰˣʱǺ޲ֽҶˣݣֱӳֵĻǱȻҪ˳Ц


172 
˵֮ⷬЧɾˣҶ֪ѶǵҲգƵĻؾͿ԰ҵڣسֶԸҶ졣
Ҷ쵱ȻҲ֪Է˼Ȼѡ˳棬Ȼ
Ҳֻǳ˵乫ˣѵ˵ѾҵҲû𣿡Ҷʾ
ʱľæǰȰСֵܣл㻹ǲҪΪá֪Լһ˽ӲһҶ۽
·ƽεҶĳǸµˡͷҿҵҲùˣѲ㻹Ӷò𣿡Ҷÿһ仰̶ֱԷҪҲϣܹƽҪȻҲǸ鷳
Ҷ첢֪ľѰʮעǲܺƽġ
Ȼôϲ£ǾݹϷԴСˡ˵ΧָϣѾ׿νļ죬ƱҪϧһдۣЩҶо͵ز
Ҷüͷ֪ⲻһսˣԵؾǿߣʵûʲôա񵱳ԵؾǰΪսһʵĲ˳صѹȻ˰ȭǶԸؾǿߣɲκóΨһϣ¾ֻоնˡ
ѾͶԷӣʵڱƲѵĻ㶯ó׵¶Ҳûʲô˵ġҶ˼
һϣһأҶľһɨһۣĮȻʵȻԼʵʮġ
˫ҪսӣΧɢǵؾǿ֮Ķս̫Ʊػܵ
ЩϯϻûϯĹһ֣ɴλϣĿԴ
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ǣǸûˡһ˷Ըò״ЩȻѡ
Ȼز˿ţľҲܶҶϾǹϵ⣬˵ص㣬Ʒ⡣
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ϷҪ㵽ж͡ؽҶ죬ɱⰻȻ
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ȭһ֣ҶȭȻס˶ԷĴ󲿷ƾǱһྡྷƵõ˺üֻұҲʹ
ؾڣؿоͬʱ۵ɵùԲһ˼ضҶ졣
ؾڣɲ֮䣬ĿˢˢĳҶͶȥ
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ʱ˿̣˼ֱһĴڣӵ˿ֲʣӵ˹ĹǶôֲ
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һĻҶ֪Ѿӡʮָɴطָѡ˵ָס
Ҷ֮ʱصĹѾ׼ϣƣһġ

Ǻ嫵ƶ籩µĺˮһӿڣһ󷭹֮۳Ϊһɫƾɲ֮䣬ƷسƾͽڳЩͽʿŵɫ԰ס
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ָҶԾС룬֮ǰûǼĻһغˣͬʱҶҲҵûжԹŽʩչһС
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173 
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ʱ׻ԺιСӣ㵽ڸʲôأҪˡ
һȷʵ˲СĳҺǱײɵģֱ尤һƣǶԷֵôԼ壬Լ췭ظˡ
Сϵһ㡣Ҷ׻˵ĿǰϵŨʵ̫ͣ޷׵еϵʩչնҲûʲô
ʲô㣿⣬ⶫôܽأʱʲôң׻ĵ˵
㻹Ҫһ֮ǰɽ㲻ǻǷһҶƵ
ֱ˵һ͵£ﻹҪ˵أ׻겻ֱԹò׶ڻһȫСӸһһƭˡ
Ҷúգʲôһһƭ⣿ǰûɣ
ΪϴζԸǸͷӵʱҪ𣿡׻
ҶҲøִɴ˵ʩչնʱҵעһЩϵ˵ҲͲ׻ֱ̨꣬
Сӣͻ治СϷʹʽõˡ˿̣һֻҪҶɱʲôӣʲôȫ׵˾⡣
֮ʣһ˻һ磬̨ϵҶ켲ȥ
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Ϲŵİײ˲ķѣ˷ɢҲԳԭΡ
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ҶħһЦ⣬ûϵı׵
ѵɱϵ˾㣿仰ǴＷġ
ҶüͷһεسϵûɱġԱϣһһ㱡ĤǣĿҲչǰ
֣ȻλҶ硣Ҷľһϲ˵
ǰðճҲΪ˱ϴһ֮ɡѲµǴ˿ۼ֤ľ̲סЩ
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ֻǰصʵҪԶʤϴεƣԸûôװľϵļɫܿʾһɫ
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ʵҪɱϵҲûʲôϡġ
ǣʱﻹȻҲĶ֡
Сʵֲ̫ˡ
Ϊǰ;
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ΣѾҪ˻ɱڴˡ
ȻɱϣϷϱȥɣ䣬ΪȷŭѾŤ
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ɲ֮䣬绡˷䣬ƾǿĴܣ̨ĵ汻γһ꣬룬վڸĻ»ᱻЩʳƬ
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Ҷŵǿסӣһ֮£ұѾ飬ƤҲǳΪϺɫȻ˵òᡣ
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᳡һƬž·̨ǳصĺ
ŶҶ죬гСһҲ˲ˣڳûֵĻܽһֻǿд߶»ԾԵĴˡ
صУҶҲܲ³Ҫû٣£ƹأһ¶ʮѣǶԷϮɾˡ
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Ȼ֪Щ˶Ҷ˵ģԼڲȰóȻҶֵĻǵЩִɣ⵽ǳӡ
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һȥ󣬻᳡ϵĹҶɳΪֽĵ㣬һպյңȴǳΪ˿еЦ
ҶһսûȷķֳʤʤԶҶ졣Ϊ䣬ƴ൱Ѿܿɹˡ
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ҶһǿһЦش΢һ¾ûˣлʦģлλ³档ЩǰǰҶû˿ʧ
ռŷ˫ֺʮӷ𡱡
СֵʵΪ֮лֽһλˡ䵱켫Ц޵
ǰСֵܣлֵδɾͿЩ꿡֧ˡźβҲЦ˵
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Ҷ磬㲻Ļ磬𣿡ľͻȻ˵˴βμִᣬΪѰҸ䣬Ȼȴһ񡣲Ҷ֮Ͽ˸Ӱ绹ڵĻһҲҶһľؿҶ죬а
Ҷһ㶣Цʵ㲻Ѿи𣿡
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ձ߰ʵߵҲֳĸȽףǳ̣൱쾳̡̡̣ΪֱӦ
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Է£Ҷͷһѵ߻᳡ˣĻɾͲˡ
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175 
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ʱɽһֶĶԽȻʼж˵ţͷŻ᳡ڳȥҶȺ˽ϡ
һ˺ܿ˻᳡ֻ᳡ѾҳһţЩΪ͵˶̱ϯ϶ãΪߵģǿж̨ϼλӵеؾΪҲôֹۣȫϥ
Χɽϣʮ̨Χ;в⵽ǲɱ
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Ҷֵܣ˶ڣ㻹ǸϽȥټһЩͬȻٻǰɡ켫ǺǵȰ˵ЩȻҲ֪ɽһвöԸ
Ȳ˵켫취ɲУɽһҶųȥ
Χɽһдһк˶Ҷ˹ȥһһ㣬ʵʵΧ
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ǿķ֮ҶƵһ˺üߵҲϳ˺üأǼʱסӣ»ñԼʽش
Щǧٹ֣Һһû׻עϵҪȻɾͰʯͷԼĽˡҶнп࣬ձߵҲ̹һЩû湦򣬴һЩͶȡɵļ
һóѣɽһ˵ЦЩ֧ǣأǴձʿء
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176 
̼ϱҳһԲ׵Ĵӣ񱩵İ˷ϽļֱӱŰİʵѪģԶĺҲæ˱á
Ҷӿ˳˵ϵ
ʱոձ˵ĺҪس
Ҷһɨٴξȭͷȥͬʱдȣս£
к˶ˣȻȴԷȭͷûҵ˻
ƭǵģ⸱̰ҶЦ
ںһ󶼷ŭسҶȥ
ҶϽһһ߷ɳ嵽ǰˣȻֱӳŻ᳡ȥ
֪ƾԼһ֮ǶԸǰһȺӵģ켫˵óȥټ˹С
ɽһƺҶ⣬Ҳ֪ʹ˳ʲô˾Ȼݵ˵£Ƭִ֮Ҷǰĵطĵ˳
ҿǵ󰡣Ҷһ²ۣͬʱæס˽Ų
һЩһȺӬƵĽΧ
Ӳߣִ򲻹Ҷֱпࡣ
ǭ¿֮ʣҶ뵽Ҳֻ׻ˣιСüʮ˰ΧţϿ취ҪȻɵʧüˡ
ʲô׻һʱףץ˵Сǲأ棬ǰû̾Щ꣬㵽ôģ
ڿɲ˵Щϻʱ򣬸Ͻ취ҰɡҶ켱˵˵ִһӭĺˡ
СҪ̫ΣྭĻƱػӰܵӰ죬ӵֻӰҵôôʡµļһء뵽Щ׻һ꣬˼Ƭ̺ʵǰĵ˵ж٣Ϊأ
ҲʮΪߣһһΪҸߣűʽʮֹ죬ǰѳ׵ûϣĶ֡Ҷϸ˵
ȶţ취ʱ׻Ҳû˼ٱԹˣʾ֭˼
Ҷ㣬ɽһӴɾˣǼʮ˻ǽ۵ĹǺҲĵ÷ɿ졣
˶Ҷ˰ѺǰʽҶԴƣһԵЩǱȥҲǳ¡
֧Ƭ̺׻ƺ뵽ʲôҶʵСӣ̾ڶûʲôʽ
ڶС̾󣬿ԲСչ˵СӵͨҶʵشɻʵأҵΪС̾Զء
׻ƽ˵׹ԪֻҪ㹻Ԫ񣬾Ϊ粻㣬ҪʩչӦûûġ
ǣҵԪҲǿ󰡡ҶƵ
ˣԪ壬ȻҲܴʩչһ󷨻ûġ׻ѵ
Ҷһϲ⣬ȻҪĵԪֱʩչˡ
СӣΪԪҲһָܻ𣿸㣬һΣҪǻ´ΣһٴαҲٰˡ׻յ
֪ˡҶƲƲӦ
׻ߺһ˵Ͻ׼ʩչɡ
ҶҲٷϻӳһȦһ߶Щ˵Ĺһ߽ӡС
вԣСĲָҪ࣬Ǵ˴ǰָҶ컹û
Щ˵Ľ£ģۿͿҪ֧Ųסӡɡ
ҶסŲƣͷȥ
С󣡡
ֻһƴС΢âͼڣҶ
ͼգ֮ͷϿ׸ߴչΪֱ߰׵ľ޴ͼڣͼһ޴󡰅dͼâҫׯޱȡΧССĹȦŲͬķתţȦ֮ת⻪䡣
һ̣ҶоԼ·𱻳һ㣬ͷϵľ޴ͼڻǴɲ֮ҶһۿҪֲסǧһ֮ʣһɻԪ֧ԮȻЩ׻Ԫ
˵ĿⶼעǸͣڰյͼڣͼɢĹâǵעĿ֮ľ
ͼµĺǷӦͼǸȦϣٲһ㣬кһƬ⡣
һĻȺɽһѸٷӦæʩչͼڷΧ
ȻѾӶݣһȦĻһһ㣬ͼ֮¡
ʱмӦȽϿĺæνΧһȦĻȥͼȻԽĻɲǣ˲飬Ҳ̱ڵء
Щ˵˶ûǿдȥǽȴǵȴǱҪֲĳͷ
ڹĻͺƬ̣ͼǸdֺȻҫ۽⡣
ڽҫ֮£ںǶоԼǰ˵У޾Ŀ־ӿ˲ϯȫǵڲҲɸһ·ÿͷڷ
Ϊ־壬ǲ԰׵ŤˣݿĺˢˢֱðЩĵͱιȥˣеָ˺ӣϻһѪۡв˳ܲסѹֱߵиԾֻԸַʽȴԼԿ־壬ǰ
Щ˶ԣҶ͸оԼȨһ㣬оޱ˷ܣָоڵʩչָɱɱ̵ʱ򣬾ݵȴǸ־á
᳡˶ɵסˣȻ֪ʲôǸͼɢŨϢƺҲͼЩΪλ˿־塣
Լһȥɽһڰ಻סһʿ㳯ȦĻȥ
Ļǰ߾ʿĻϿȥ
̡ѣ
ҫʿ˲ͼڹĻϣһĻ˶ͷһ
ֻʿ谭ش̽˹Ļ֮УȻûĻİصȻ֮仯˵ӫɢһա
һĻɽһоֵȴٿʿǶϿڴ缤иһ⻬ޱȡ
ȻָܹݻܵķôСܹݻٱҲûʲôֵģչϽСǵ磬ô߾൱ڿԽߣ֮ǰЩ˶һغˡ
Ҷ߸ϵĸоʱ׻Ǽٵ
СӣûУҪŲסˡ
Ҷʶ֧ӴʮԪġ
ټƬ̡Ҷ׻˵˵Щдʮɨһۡ
Ȼ赭д̧֣ǸһָһƴͼҶָڷɶ˲˵壬˺Ҳûһһغˡ


177 ȥ
Ҷһָȥк̡
֮ҶδؽС׻ԪҲ˻ȥ
ʧȥ׻Ԫ֧֣Ҷһ̱ڵأ˿̣ľͺһڴϴʮһ㡣
һͼɢȥɽһ˲
˸£֧ǣأɽһŭһӵϼһߵҶ˹
±˵ǶԸؾǿߣһòɵŮӣǰҶҲˡ
Σʱ̣Ҷæ׻꺰СϽٽҵԪ񡣡
Ȼ׻ûзӦδԪ񣬶ĴҲͦġ
ֻһˣų嵽ǰɽһУҶһЦ
᳡˶һǶ޲óǰȥҶ찤һӶá
бͳ켫ŭ
Ҳȫңβ׿ݣһֿڡ
ŭ˷Щ޷ֹɽһео
嵽Ҷǰɽһи߸߾ߵû˿ͣ͵سҶ첱ȥ
Ҷ˵£ΪѾܹ۾̩ȻؿŶԷ¡
һ̣˵ĶǰһӢ۾ͽˣлֽҪʧһλܣǽ˶ʹ£һֱҶ컳ĵľᣬҲ̲ס
ȻɽһеĵȻҶ첱ϵɲǣݡһ֮Զ
ɽһʶʲôæѾ䵽Ҷ첱ǰʿѸ˻Һᵲǰͬʱȣ̡ܣֻϵһƬ͸Ķ״
ɽһвú÷ɲǣһ졣
һöɽһеķܣײʿĵϣֱӻ˵ɽһüġ
뷨ʦҶ켤ķȥȴӰִһʦȻûлӦ
Ҷüͷһ壬Ҳ˲ǰɽһеѸͳֻҶ޷ȥ˵绰
绰úŽͨȻǱߴȴһOh YeahŮ
ѵղŲʦ֣Ҷһ⡣
ʱ绰Ҷ޷Ǽٵ찡ʦæأʲôġ
Ҷ޷Ҫҵ绰ӣҶæסһ£ʦ˵ԯҽ֮⣬ûʹְģ
ԯҽɵĶŰʦû˵ʹáҶ޷شʵˣ죬ӦڲμǸִɣ
ţˡҶڻش
أҶ޷ʵ
ҲˡҶڷܵɽǾ߲ʬ壬ʵʦһ£ҽһλΪΪѪ壬ظ֪Ѫʵе𣿡
Ҷ£Ҷ޷ʱСӣʲôʵʵЩ߰ͷУ֮ǧܱ¶ԯҽɵݣˣΪʦȹˡŶˣѾͷѾǰĻƱͻˡ
ţ绰Ҷ޷һЦȻһæҶһ
Ƭֻ̣ܻһȦҶҲֻ̾һȻԷԸҲ޿κΡ
׿ºҶͷڵϵɽһпȥֻӵɵùԲѾĲˡ
Ҷ쿴ЩĿŵشץˣȻӦģҪȻôˣܹץЩţҪҲ̫ܣֻϧˣȻҲͶˡ
ջĿҶϥ𣬽̾
Ԫָӯֶ׻л׻ȻûзӦҲ֪˻ǻˣҶ磬û׻꣬Ժɾûôˡ
ԪعҶ̨ȥ̨ϼλһһˡ
ֱָӸȥ
ص֮ǰƬ֣׵ȡأǸʬȻյ뿪ӡ
֮ô죬ԻؼˣһЩѾͷҶʱ泩࣬뵽ѾͷҪͿˡ
ֻҡ
ʮСǹǹ׼˵ҵĴš
ϴǱ취ӳȥҪȻǸҵɾͲˡүһָ˵
涼ŵˣҪӳȥ²סָҲͬɫ
ģȥƴˡү߷˵˵űĲǹҪųȥ
ϻ侲㡣ָүȻֶԺүԸٸ绰
ǣүæȡֻδҶĺ룬Ƭ̺󣬷ֻ˵ʾػ
Ǵʣôûָ
үָȥ˵绰
绰Ƭ̺ͨȴһǹ
үæʵǱô£
ģڰ·أһƬĵսأһʱǸϲȥˡջ˵
˵绰үָָ֮ңȻ˵Ŵ˴νԤıġ
磬ȥǸϹﶪһǿɾȫûˡү
ָͺүһۡ
Ƭ̺󣬺ү˵ϴ󣬿Ҳֻܳȥƴˣһ˿ϣ
Ҳֻˡָεصͷͬ
ɾ׼´ͻʱͻȻһǹ
ͬʱֻһڴġ
绰ڵ𣺡ָһ֧ǰȥ֧Ԯǣģ
ָһˣǹںŵ˶ս˷ܵػشڵ
ǺãǼҪɱڷԸ
û⣡ָӦ
˵绰󣬾ָֽϢˡ
Ԯ˶Ǵһ
ǹãͣ
Ƭ֮һŲ
Ҫſǹָ˷ԸһСĴɱԼˡ
ܿűײһӿһѿ׵ĳǹſڡ
ָһϳˣ½ϴθȥȡǹʱͼǾָæǹ¡
˷ǹӴһʮ˽ﶼųǹʮ㡣
Ƕڹֵܰɣָӭȥʵ
ûǹӪȾָϴֵܡ½ش
˼λֵܼʱҪȻǿɵóȥƴˡүǰֵ˵
үȴһʵλʱûмһλܣֵӵͷ
½ͷ˿ȥ˶ҡͷʾûС
ҿͷһǻûüſͱɨɷúˡүЦ
˼Ƭ̣үüͷһ壬⣡Ͻסȥ
ɾںү´ʱΧЩֵܷ׷һ̱ڵأһѵӡ
ָү֮ˣҲ̱ڵϣ˴


178 
ʱһĺٺٴЦֻһòͷ˽ŵķϡ
ϲӸƴˡүŭһǿѵ壬ҧǹϿǹ
Է˶Ȼܿǹзһ죬ǼʱſʮӵţүǹȥҲ̱ڵأش
ϷĶȻ֣һЦžָȥ
ųʹЩĵֶ֮⣬ѵû𣿡ָŴŭ߳
ҲֻܿͷӸɵۣǹڸǰȴûãʵڹߵġ
߿ܣʹʲôֶкأߵָǰͣ˽Ų
ɾʱһſڴ
һ߿ܣôܾˡ䣬ҶӰſڡ
磡
󱥺ϲõľ
ϻͷһɫ䣬㣬Ҷ죿㲻ȥμִô
ǰ𣿡ҶЦʵ
̱ࡣ
԰ȥ˰ɡ˵ţҶѴӱ׵ֱɱȥ
һϳҶеıһæһżĶֱӳҶ˹ȥ
Ҷһ˦ŷĶȥ
ⱻк󷢳ءһһŨܵĺɢ
Ǹö֣ҶһȦӹס
ȻЩͨȻиʴ
ҶѸپ׵ǰһ裬ɢ
Ȼɢ֮󣬷ȴǲ֪٣ǳûˡ
Ҷ׷ȥΧ˶жҲֻҷŹǸϡ
׵ҶѸָǰȡϴȥ
˾ţ֮˽˶
ָԸȥսԱ
磬Һ㼰ʱϵҪȻС²ˡүһҵ˵
ô£ôʱ绰أҶʵ
˺Щˣʾػү͵
ҶһԴʱʦһ绰ֻûػˡ
أҶʵ
ˣ˹֧Ԯʱ򣬰·⵽Ҳ֪Ρү绰ȥʱɴһȺҵֵܣһǱسǰ
Ҷڣһ
ƽүҲһЦ绰ء
·˲࣬˲ֵܡȻ˵
Ҷǰĺļ򣬡ǼһǮȻúðѺ¸ˡ
磬Ҫھɱϳȥȥֵܱ𡣡үȻ˵
ϻ첲ˣû𣿡үѵ
Ҷ룬˵Ǿͺú٣ӭս׼ȻɳؾǿߣҲòŸǿˣҾȥһҮǼһ
磬һȥ𣿡ָǵʵ
ûȥ̽һ̽Үյʵûʵ֮ǰȲҪҶش
磬᲻̫ðˡүĵ
ĺˣһݽȥģ㱻֣Ҫûġ
ţҶ˽˼䣬Ȼ뿪˻
صҶе˷䣬ȻΪ˽ж¡
Ҷ췿ֱʵʲô£
ҶҲīܸɴػشҮǸҳӣҴȥһҮա
һüͷһ壬Ȼ˵ҽǲ˵ҪزˣúչЩŮأ
ҶЦЦ˵Ҷ첻ϲûյսȻ׼ȥȻʮİܹŻ
һɣѵҮվס츮ϴѾȥģرҲĿˣȰɲҪŹͷ
رȷʵͦɭϵģҲŻ㡣Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵
Ұݣʵ
ûݳһܹӽҮյҶ˵
üһ룬ѵܽӽҮգҲδܹɱ˵ֽջ񹦣ǹ롣
㲻ɱҲʵҶԭҲûһԳɹ
Ƭ̺˵ܽӽҮյ˲ܷ࣬ͷ֮⣬ֻһѾˡ
Ҷ룬˵òԱ䣬޷ı䣬ݳܷͷϣҪһԵؽӽҮտ²ףֻݳѾˡһ뵽ҪݳΪŮˣҶ;رŤ
˼һͷ˵ÿʮ㣬Үջ׼ʱҹڰ·ٳѾߣѳûǱ롣ȻѾ߲㣬ųȹ΢һףӦҲȥ
Ǿôɣʱ仹磬ȸһͼҵ֪ҮյıԼѾߵ·ߡҶԸ
ǣ츮ĵͼ»˳ұ˳Үձ·ߣԼʵֵ㡣
ٽȻˣҶ踺أʹļ׵һװŮˡ
ɺҶʾѾߵߣҶϰһŽ·ϰò󣬱㶯ǰ츮ȥϤ
ϵ츮ʱɫҶɶЩѲߵĸ˳ָʾ·ߣǴʵֵ㡣
һƬ̻Բʮûн̻мʯ··ŹߵĹľʮʺϲ
ҶһѵλãȺ
ڲ쵽ʮӵʱ򣬹ȻһŮӶһ̣橵ʯ·
ŮӴһɫȹеǰ͢Ůӣڻ·Ƶҫ£ԿŮò㣬һòŮӣȻҶԼҲѾˡ
ôƯŮﵱѾʵ̫ϧˡҶ찵̾ϧ
ŮӴӸǰ߹ʱҶɨһۣûˣܳľԣѸŮӱһ㣬Ůһ̱Ҷ컳ĲǱҶ켰ʱס
ҶŮϽľȻѸٰѺȹӣֱӺȥȻ̣Үյı첽ȥ
·ߣҶܿ츮ĵضεһǰ
ʾ£Ȼֱ˽ȥ
źǴÿʱҮնڴȻҲ⡣
Ҷ쿴ڴһĿİӣҪ࣬彡׳òƽƽ棬ڴϣû˻ŵͷ
ҶԲǣҮյΪȻҲڵؾڣһҪԼ߳ࡣ
Ƭ̵ĳɺҶ콫Ӷ˶ףһҮ˹ȥ


179 ս
ߵ;ʱҮһصûҶ쿴ǶԲ輸ϵһ裬һСڡ
²豭ڵȻ˵ɡ
Ҷһ㶣ѲһŮһȣ
ȻҶɲҳشԷΪԷɣӿŲߵ˲輸ǰ̷¡Үղ֮ʣͻأسһذףעѸٳҮؿڴȥ
Ү˵ŮÿʱѾΪϰߣҲͲ̫ĵ̷
£ŮͻȻֵȥȻһ㵡
ھҶ칥ֿ죬ûҮʩչذѾ̵ٿڡ
ȻҶֲǣ̵ҮٿڵɲǣȻһײ
Ƭ̵ľ֮ҮѾӦѸٻӳһҶٿȥ
Ҷջذףһ
ҮյĴ̼Ĵϡ
ᣡ
֧Ƭ̱㱻ƬʱѾҶˣܵ׿⡣
ԣҮ۾һУƽʵӦҶɣ
Ǻǣû뵽㿴ľģӵͦҶһȥǲĤ
ҶҹãѲɾΪ˸ҹ𣿡Ү˵Żضһ
ȻˣΪ˸ңҮһ׽ջ񹦣ӵеǹı죬Ҳţصع֤һ¡ڣȷ⵶ȷʵǲ岻ȥģͲ֪ӵܴܲý
Ҷ컰䣬ءһǹ
ҶһǹҮȫ޶ãҲûʩչ
ӵ˲Үϣͺ͸ղõʱһֻһ죬Ȼӵͱˡ
Ƭ𾪺ҶЦ˵Үǵǹ룬ȻѾ֪ˣҾȸˡ
Ҷò׹һˣôݴȻһݺˡ֮䣬ҮѾָ̧Ҷһ㡣
ָһâҮָ⼤
ִϣҶ־պʩչдָֻΪ޷ţ乥ǰҮȻҲûñȵġ
ԶԷĹҶ˿ҵѸٵָһâŶԷâȥ
ָף
˲ڰءһҲһ󷢲
£Ҷâƺ΢ռϷ磬ʣһ˿΢ĵâҮȥ
Ү̧֮㽫âɢɫƺôһ˿Ծ
ҮĴҶĳˣҮҺȲĻǾˣʱ磬ҶĳȸˡԱϣҶֱӳſڴȥô춯ЩܿҪٲߵĻɾ߲ˡ
ҮղûҶ˼˳ȥ
ȻܹҵĴָһռϷ磬СӵΪѾ֮ˣΪǸµСӡǿյſڣҮ˵ղǼ򵥵ĽС𾪡
ȻҶڸղŵĽռϷ磬ȫǹƣϵŨȸߵĻҲΪԡ
ڻȥ·ϣҶһֱ˼ŸζԸҮա
Ȼܹסǿ¾ָֻпƽˡֻҮյΪҪҸߣʩչĻָĽâδͻƣ⻹Ǽֵ¡
˼ǰҶҲûȫ֮ߡ
СֵܣѾˡ⳵˾ͣ³ѵ
ŶҶӦһǮ˳
һصػصֻڴ￴ӡ
Ҷһ
û´ĻӦڵҰɣôôҵģҶЦߵ
ֻǵûýⶾ˵űҪȴҶһ
ѵҽջ𣿡Ҷ˵̧ǰ׾С֣ڱǰš
ֳ˻ȥûջûϵ
֪ҮյĽջʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
֪شһ¥ȥ
Ҷ쾲Ƭ̺˵ȥһ˲С
˵̾˿Ȼ¥
ڶһ磬ֻͻȻ
ҶֻͣһĶʱ˰أʦ绰ˣϥҲ֪λҪɱˡ
ҶȻսսؽ˵绰
绰ŸսͨҶ˷ܵļʦ֣ϷɻϾͿԼ
Ҷ䱻죬ϸĵؽѾͷŮҪһ㣬˵ôôأ
Ҿĵ˵ʦ֣ü𣿡Ҷ˵
Уô˵Ҷʵɻʲôʱأ
ѾڷˡҶش
ʲôѾڷˣҶһ񺹣æɻôܴ绰أϽֻˡ
˼Ҷ
ϾͿԼҶƵ
ʱ绰˳ԱõλС㣬ɻѾˣֻҪȻΣյġ
ʲôߣŲűɻˡҶ齿ȵ
С㣬ҲΪг˿͵ȫǣǵĹԱü
ҶҲϽȰѾͷʦֵĻ͸ϽԹԹֻҪǲʦֿɾͲˡ
ΪѾͷʵ̫ƺҲῼȫҶ޷ٻԳšڣɻϣҶҪǲȰ˵ĻὫɻҵ
Ǻðɣʦҵٴ绰ŶҶԹ˵
УϽֻҶֶһȻȵ绰æ󣬲Ÿҹ˵绰
ֻҶһɫ
λѾͷһԹԴڼǵҲգǣһҲãڼ̫߳
Уһ취һѾͷҪȻﻹڵóʱҶ찵
ʱ컹ûȫҶѾȥ´ǰǿʯͷԼ
ʯͷŻܣ˳׵ߵ̨˾׵
ԹͺҶǼ鱦ţΪЩƷ鱦ҲûãԴ͸ָǣҲðٶȡ
Ʒ鱦͸ָү˺ҶֿȥΰĹ˾ֱΰİ취ңӴ鶭Ҧ
Ҷ죬Ҧ¶ϲ֮ɫҶܵ𣿡ҦЦʵ
ǰҽ𣿡칫ûˣҶʵ
ڿᣬܻҪСʱҶҪɣȥݱ衣Ҧ˵űȥ


180 
Ҷɳ
Ƭ̣ҦһڵĲˮҶǰ
ҶлһȻʵﻹסϰ𣿡
šҦͷ
ҿɫôãǲأҰѰҦѪɫӣҶĵ
ˣûأܣû˯ðɡҦĿЩ˵ּæҶһеҪæʧˡ˵žʹҴ뿪˰칫ҡ
Ѿͷôģǲʲô֮أҶ˵ԷȻ˵Ҳöʣֻ̾˿ûȥȻһ־
Լ˰СʱΰĴ˽ضҦѾ˵Ҷ⣬һűЦǺǵسҶ˹찡ôпȲأ˵ѾߵҶ棬
Ҷ־Цûأ½̫æҪȻȲ䷹
ΰĺǺһЦ˵ҿɲֻǹȲģ϶ʲô𣿡
أҪͼ㡣Ҷ˵žͽƷ鱦ȡ˳˲輸ϡ
⡭ΰЩȵһţƬ̺ʵѵν鱦
ԭҲ֪鱦ҶЩЦ
ǺǣҲֻ˵鱦ԴԴϵͷųˡΰȻһشǿ鱦Ƭ̺һſ˿
Ʒ鱦һŸ㣬һͰת԰ɡҶ˵ô˼ҲԼһʦԼôҲʾС
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죬ôҲΰıԹ
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ΰĺٺһЦ
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181 
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ſڣЩ𣿡ʳڣҶ㷢ʵЩɡ
ǶſڵˣԼ߳ģʦϿҶˡҶߴٵ
ҿ㾫ͦʢҪˣ͹ԹԴ𶯣ҹҶٴζ
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183 
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186 Ʀ
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187 ı
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߿ɫһͣԴЦԶԶԣԣȳȥɣ˻ٴ򡣡
ǣŮ߿ųվĵµȥҶȻƵظںͷ
վ⣬߿·һҳֵʾԵس˻ѣȻνĸȥ˵绰
绰󣬸߿ֻصŮǰ˵λѧԵһҸϾ͹ˡ
ţѧ׸𣿡橺ʵ
ǣֻøѡ߿ڻش
ԵƬ̺һﳵ·ͣȡ
Ҹˣ߰ɡ߿ŮкȻʹŮȥ
ǰ߿ʻһ÷ͷӽܵ磬λҴѧͬѧλλ橣Ҫȥϣһͬĳȥ
УλÿϳɡˬӦ
Ǿ鷳ˡл
ڵ˵ȴһ˿Ц
ϳӱ㷢ʻȥ
һ·ϣŮ˵ЦȫȻ֪Լһ塣
ܿʻΪʱǰ·ϳѾ٣ʻʮӺ󣬹һƫƧС
ΧһƬڣ··ƶûУŮһ˿費
ѧӻû𣿡߿ʵ
Ϳ쵽ˣ·϶أԱȽϺڡ߿Ů
Ŷ橴Ӧһû˵
ţﰲŮȻЩ
ӹǰڰ֮гյƹ⣬ǳյƹʻȥ
ʻŮŷǰͣһյƹĴƣϻһϾɵĲֿ⡣
ⳡǿҵΣŮȻ
ѧ⣬ʲôطأЩֵʵ
Ȼңĵطˡ߿¶
߿յЦ⣬ٿǰļӺͷӣ橺ɫɲ֮ò԰ףҲӿֳ޾Ŀ־塣
ǣѵһģ橵ЩҲ΢΢š
֪Ѿ̫ˡʻ÷ͷЦ
ʱӺͷѾ˺ȳţֱŮӳȥ
ſң
Ůƴš
ɣܺɣǰŴŵ꣬ǾǺƺҲûüġ߿аЦ
ŮȻҲʶһ㣬ֹͣ˽к߿
ѧŹǰɣˡ橰
Źǣ֮ǰǶ׷ˣУҿɲʲôѧ˵ţ߿ӺͷӷԸǴȥɡ
ŮѺǼƾɵĲֿ⣬ֿյģǵĿ޺ԵΪ
ŮѺֿ÷ͷֽֿ⣬յĴֿ⡣
ӺͷѺŮһŸɲݵĽȻӽŮַסʱŮѾ棬Ǿڽվǰĸӣ˿־;
磬һ߿÷ͷ˵
÷ͷһаЦǰȥֱץŮͷ̧Դϸ˿ƺҪƯһ㣬Ǿץ첲ӽ˳
СǣԹԸңɡ÷ͷԵúܺＱ˵űȥҲֻƴš
Ѿͷôѱ߿磬ҿȸµҩǾͻԹԵͶͱˡ
÷ͷͬص˵ͷȻվ
ȥϰҩ߿ӷԸ
ӴӦһ첽صϣһƿҩˮڷӵĸ£Ů
ٺٺ٣Ǵ᲻˵øЩƵġ÷ͷЦ˵
ǣŹǰɣˡ
֪ܣŮǲͣţƺҪЩͽ֪
߿ӿڴͳһ̣һ˷һ֧ȼеس
Ƭ̺󣬻ˣŮ̱ڽسţǺ˸߿ĻڵûǸ˵Ȱ棬ǺĪˡ
ɾŮ׾ʱ򣬲ֿƹһǱʲôסˡ
˶ŤͷȥȴǰվһӰ
й󺺾ֵȴĽҰصģ˵ĻʾԱȳֹĻʻС
߿ȻҲЩ֣Ůȴǿϣһ㣬ܶԷ˻ǹҪЩҪá


188 
ʱǸӰȴ˵ˣû뵽λϵ£ҹɽҰɶԣҷ˺ôһҵطȻҶ죬˿̣ȻڰöӲҡ
÷ͷ֮⣬˶һ㵡
ǣǸղŻǸСӡߵؽµڹԷˡ
ɺһۣǿϣľȴȻûţΪǿɲýƾԷһܹԸǰˡ
Сӣǧĸ⣬ѲɾΪ𣿡߿ʵȻҲöԷһġ
ҲҲոտλϵôʵһϷҶԼλǴĵ׵ĳݣѾΪǵӰԣҺܺ׻ôչԾͲԶǧظ˹û뵽ĻҶƤЦ˵
ô֪ڻϵʱϷ߿ɻʵƺԼݼʮġ
ȻΪ¶̫رһ򶷵ʱλֵָ۹⣬Ȼһ۾ͿϷˡҶһ˵ţһȥ
ҶĻŮЩھκ͸ж
ھ֮ǰǰü﹥жǰȡ
磬òŸϻȥŤӡ˵űڵسҶȥ
ŮĶᵽɤۣǶŶԷԼ˵һʲôָ֡
һĻǡ֤һ㡣
ڷ󺺳;ʱҶ˹ֽ̧֣öӲҵ˳ȥ
ֻۡһ졣
ŷ̱ڵأһѾˡ
һĻ߿˶ɫ䡣
һλ˭أҶȥϹŵЦ⡣
һ÷ͷϰγһذף˵һϣҾͲͣСͷۡ
Ҳ׷װγذףȻ÷ͷĴ£ŭųҶȥ
Ҷ֮ǰһŮһ˿⣬£ԷﶼҶ쵣
÷ͷȳ嵽Ҷǰذ׾ҪҶϴȥȻҶȫûذףֱؿڴһȭ
ֻصһ죬÷ͷ˲䵹ɳȥһ·ײȺĸ߿ͼӣǡءһصײǽϣȻײһ
ŮɵˣֱҶߵǰǽ⿪ϵǷ
ȻһɲǣǶоЩȣƺһֵĸо֮ǰǼιԼµҩŮʶʲôɫͽȻ䡣
Ůɫ죬Ҷɻʵû°ɣ
ûû¡æ˵
ûǾ͸Ͻ߰ɣѲǻҹ˵ҶվҪߡ
ȵȣǸһһ֪Ǻõӡ
Ҷ۾һУƺһߣɫôôأ˵ߵǰһץһüͷһ壬չͬʱһ˿ԲаЦ
Щؽ˻ȥǸллȣǣҪ߰ɡ֪ǺãҲֻ취Ҷߡ
òλóǸʲôҩɣҶһǵӣʵ

ŮһǱҴ˻һ㣬һĽǺͲ
ҿ˵ҩǵòĻѪôءҶһ޴ӡ
ʵҶҽȫҩԣΪӺɷְǰĴûᶼװ˷ѣ˵ϲ˵Ƕ˹ͬ
ŮһȻЩţҶ˵ȻҲ˵˵Ļ
ǣǿôأ񼱵
Ҷ͵͵ȥһۣһֹӡ
Ҷһת˵ҿҵøϽˣѾˣҪٹˣǾ˵üռʲôģʱ򲻵ñǧ
˵Ҷתװһ׼ӡ
ҶҪߣæǰ磬ףٰǰɡ
ǣôﰡҶڳһ޼ƿʩӡ
ĿһȻҲ˼˵ڡ
ԷĥĥӣҶûʱˣٲӿɾˣλˡΪˡ˵űҪƿ橣ȴקŸһ㣬֡
˵ŮôأҺðŷɱͷΣհǸץңѲɻ𣿡Ҷ
ǵĴ磬ң룬ǡﴭ˴ƺҪһЩѾ·ҲԵЩģˡ
ӣҲǣҸû취ǡҶװģ˵
ֻҪֻҪǣǸͣͿԾе˵˿̣ĵԡڷɿһˣȻˡ
ҶԾ˵ôأҿǸУһ׼һ»֮ģô׵ḷ̌أ˵ҶѾΪΥˣѲ㻹ҪҲˣΪ˷ֹѾͷºˣñֳһεӲС
磬ֻֻҪǣңһᱨģǣǮ˵ŻæҵĴϵİǮҶȫȫ㣬ҪǲҲ㡣ҶҲǮ˵ӣǾýǮ
˵ôϹôŮˣȴͷһŮ˳ǮҪ
ȻԷֵز֮ҲˣˣҶװһ˴󱾣ٰεӴӦȻ˿ధҲʵڲľܾðɺðɣҾΪѵشӦǰɡ
лл磬лл硣˵űȲȥѣһ͵ӡ
ᰡѾǳˣ׻˵׳Կ⻰һҲ٣ⲻС˲˵ҲˡҶ˱˻ԣȻ˵϶ȴ൱Ｑ
һ͡
Ůҩѹ̱ڵϣȻ
Ҷ˿ľʬ壬˼Ƭ̺ǰ󺺵ʬ壬ֶ˵ʬԣȥЩͣһѻͽ˸ˡ
ЩºŮȻѾָʶţ޵úģ橵״̬΢һ㣬Ҳһǿɵӡ
ҶߵŮǰĵѵιοǿధҲǵģҪҸʲôҿǲ˵ġ
ŮҶ쿴ǵʮָӡ
ЩǮȥɣ͵ʲôҲûв˿顣
ҶӵϽǺɫǮ˷ֻֻٿǮѾͷҲʲôС㡣
Ҷ콫˻ȥȻǮ橻˵Ͻ·߰ɡ˵ţתŲֿſȥ


189 
ϣŮһԣ˵һΡ
ҪʻʱҶ쿪ںֱӵ˵ȻǸĵˣǶǴҲǸʲôΡԺʲôҪæȱǮֻʲô鷳ʲôģʱϵңһᾡܰǵģֻҪڽ꣬ûҶ첻¡
㣬Ҷ죿ƺЩȣϵҲԵúܳԾ
ôѵд𣿡Ҷɻʵ
ѵǸ˵Ҷ죿ɵʵ
ţǶ֪ҶƽʱΪ˵͵û뵽ȻѾͷƬӶ֪ҵĹ¼ˡҶ쾪㵵ְ֮ڣΪҲǱֵ͵
ԷϣͻȻ˹Źֵɫ֪ǿ޻ЦֻǿЦá
һǰϴѧһ춯صĴ£һһ٣Һʤڲϴѧ䶯һʱвŮΪλӢ۵ķ˿橱֮һ
ҶĳѾﵽ˷վ磬տʼʱǰѧΪľһҶķɡҶñˣ˼죬ֺȥѧУԣȻûܼ档
޹橵Ȼ˲٣ڲúռϢѧУﴫд˵Ҷ죬ԭήҵֶʱΪ֤ʵϢǰֻȻõ˿϶Ĵ𰸡
Ȼǰ㻨գõĹۣἰҶ죬ö֮ȻҲͶˡ
û뵽ԼĿеżϷԵĹ£˼֮ף˵ǵʲô裬һңΪĿе쳣ߴ󣬾ͺǹŮеĻһ㡣
ȻÿӷϵҪùĸͽ̣ҲȻˡ
Ҷ磬ңô𣿡Сĵʵ
ɡҶ˵
֮ǰô㣬ĺܶԲϣԭҵ񡣡˵
ѾͷͻȻ˸ӣҶΪòΪµĹ̫ãѾͷͻȻ䰮˰ɣţȴ˵ҪЩҲͲˡ
Ҷ磬ȻôһɫĳȴͦõģǵҲʲô˵źͷȻҲ뿪ˣϾҲǴҲر⡣
ǺǣСãȻұ˵ĻҪôһ㣬ҲòôſҲ˼ġҶװһߵģ
һЦ˵Ҷ磬̫ˡ
ҶЩգ֮ǰô˵϶ᱻѾͷ񾭲
ȻҶŮɻ޷ЩŮ˵˼仯Ů˰ƱĶҶ̾Ϣ
ţҶֽдԼֻ룬Ůȥҵĺ룬Ժʲôʱҡ
ЩؽӹҶĺ룬廻룬˵Ҳֵˡ
ֻҶĺͻȻɬ˵Ҷ磬֪ղǣǵΪһܶˣֻΪҩԵʣ㲻ҪᣬȻǶǴҲõŮˡ
ղΪȷʵͦǰģǿĻǶûȥˡҶЦ
Ů˶ߺ
ĬƬ̺ʵҶ磬Ҫȥأ
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ţ˱Ի˷䡣
峿Ҷ컹֮У
һŮ
Ҷ磬ҪˣԹ˵һ˵
λҪȥɽΰɣҪȥɽ£һ̡Ҷ˵
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Եһ£ȥ׼¡˵Ҷط˳׵
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Ҷָ֣òȥҳӵİɣʵ
ҶЦôУһһͰҸˡ
ǾȥȡģֲµҶúա
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Χɽͻ£γµȻϡ
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ΰĴǰֻʯʨ۴ԣһλƯŮνܣֻʯʨ̣ϻŵ꿵ױдġ¡֡ʵַּžʾ²ͬѰĵλ
ţӳǰк߹ջ񣬵ĴʯУһڴͣǹɮֹõġ
Ǵ۱˵Ժ»ĳؾ󲢳ΪڹĲᡢҩʦ𡢰ӷ񣬵ҿʵġĸ֣ǽйʮ޺ṹΰ׳ۣ
һ·ٺУɴûΪģҲЩƾڵߡ
۱ҶûȥǴһϺʵϺУռŷģȥ
ҶôһʣϺ㶣ȻҶ´һȦʵʩ÷Ϊ£
÷ɣѵ»÷ɺ÷ɣҶ
ǣ·ÿڣùοΣڼҵ÷÷ʩȻ֪÷ɷţӦҲ˰ɣϺʵ
ûϽȥռŷɰɡҶߴٵ
ʩԤԼ𣿡Ϻʵ
ԤԼѲɼǷɣȥҽԺһԤԼҺţҶԾ
ʩҪ÷ɵĻԤԼſԡϺƽ͵ؽ͵
ѲûԤԼĻͼˣҶƵ
ʩܴʮͭ󣬾ûԤԼҲܵ÷ֻʮͭ󲢷ǰ״ģʩлȥԤԼɡϺ˵
ȥǸʲôʮͭɡҶҲԸ
ʩĪҪ嶯ʮͭʮλΪĵӲһؾǿҲѴϺѵ
ȥˡҶЩͷ˵
Ϻһҡͷ̾ȻʩִˣǱƶɮɡϺ˵űҶ߳۱ȥ


190 
ϺдҶһ·ԺȥãԽһƬ֣߽һƬƫƧɽȣƬ̺ǰһΰĽ
ʵɽ½ţһؿڣ׸ߵĴͨϿȵΨһڡ
Ϻڴǰͣ˽ŲͷҶ˵ǽõΨһڣڱʮֻͭ˴ܼǰʩ˼С
Ҷ쳯ڳ˳˵֪ˣϺ߰ɡ˵ṳֱ̋Ŷ롣
Ҷ̤֮ʱͻȻ֨ѽһȥΧʱһƬڡ
ԹƬ̣ǰȼһƬ
ĹԣĿһĴȴ֮⣬ڶʮԶһȽպϵš
֮ĹԣűɽɫֱԼһ׵Բͺǽһ㡣
ЩӲ֧ݶõģΪֻ׸ߣÿ϶ϥһһͨɫĺУϸһ߸оŸһʮ˸
ѵνʮָͭľʮ˾ߵ񣿸òǻ˰ɣʮ˸УҶоɣ˿ǺܿˣΪѾʮ˸ͭ˶ڸ֡ǵʵȻδܼǸպУҲԲȥ
ʮɨһҶŲǰȥ
һЩû˿Ӧּߣһֱߵм֮ʱʮͭ˲Լͬ۾ҷɿĴʮ˷Ϊ飬ÿһ޺ҶΧ
һΪǶ˯أԭװ˯Ҷݲȵ˵
Ще޺ֱ۾һ
ЩûҶִߴٵװ˯Ͻɡ
ɺȻûзӦ
Ȼǲҳ֣ǴүҾΪǿˡ˵ţҶǰгȥ
Ҷ췢ƵͬʱΧж˿Ƶù㵹ϵĺҶ췢ơ
ҶûĹǾֱǰĺлһȭ
һ
ȭͷ˿񱩵İǽеĽȭײһ
أ
ײ˲䣬ɽһҶȴǱƵˣٿеĹѾǰҶæһȦ
ҶΧĺɫ΢΢һָ̬ͣܿ
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ЩдŲҶȭͷһŶǵ˳ȥͬʱҲ˲䷢
һΣҶ콫ȭͷ֮ϣγһȦ
ս£
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ҶؾΪʩչУѾ൱ˣںҲ޷俹⡣
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ͷбһҶջһȭֻһâҫȭͷＤҶϮȥ;֮ͳΪһĽɫȭͦ˵ӡ
ӾɱΪԶ̹⵹Ҷһμʶ
ȭͷ׵ӣҶæγϵĳ׵ǽȭȥ
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׵׾ٱ㽫ȭ룬񱩵ΧǵбһҡΡ
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ͣ½Ųͷ˵Ҷʩʦ֮ڣСɮ㵽˴ˡ
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Ŷ֪Ҷʩʺ£ռŷɻʵ
ҶҲīֱ˵̷ɣµĽջǷţ
ռüͷ΢΢һ壬ʵҶʩΪͻȻ£
ģһλˣֻ׵ӣͽջ񹦣ǹ룬µҲ޷˺صظ£Ҫֽƽ֮Ҷ͵
ҶĻռԳԾȻҶʩҲ޷˺֪ΪΣ
һҲǵؾΪҪ΢¸һЩҶʵش
ռɫأ½ջȻԵǹ룬ȫֵͬ׶ֵǡ
ʲôҶʵ
Ǵ׽ռŻش
׽Ҳѧ˾ҲΪɣҶ˵
Ҷʩ֪׽ֻбڼҵӷڼҵǲ׵ġռŽ͵
⵽ʲôأҶЩԺˡ
ռȻ飬ߵǰԶƬ̺󣬽ʮǰһλ׼ҵӣƣţڱжʮΪؾڣͨ¼ѧȻ̰һǱؾڸ󣬿̽ڼҾѧ׽Ծͱ֡
ѵǸ˾ǷɿеĺƣҶʵ
Ҳ޷϶ΪƱֵʱ˾˵ӦòܽͻƲǡռ˵
Ҷתһ룬뵽ǸϣȻö֣ҩȻҲ͸оҮͻƾҲΪ档


191 
ɣ¿Կ϶ӦǸơҶʮȷ˵
Ҷʩ˿϶ռźʵ
ǣҶͽǸϵ¸˿ռš
ҶĽ󣬿ռŵ˵ͷȻ˸ˣҪͻƾҲǲܡ
ɣڿԸƽ֮˰ɣҶ켱еʵ
ҶʩʵڱǸջ־ѧˡ޿ɷ档ռǸ˵
٣ϺУȻܸǸﻹôأ˷Ӹ顣
ȻⷬҶҲֻȻҵŶԷ˵ϾԷǵؾǿߣ˵˼ҵĵ̣͵ǺбҪġ
ɣѵͲͨһ𣿡Ҷһ˿ʵ
ҶʩȻĺλͬдȣĲΪһ֮˽¹档˵ţռתһ룬ֵܵ¶ɿɮ׼ĻǾˡ
Ҷ۾һæʵҪβܵõλɮ׼أ
ռ˵ҶʩڴƬ̣ȥʾɿɮ
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Ҷ޷̾һɻʵһֱ벻ףΪλиʴĶѵǵ𣿡
꣬ǸСкڽɪɪʵڲ֡ԣͰǿŸʴ£ϣܹӹһ١̱ʵ˵
ԭˡҶ޷˵ͷ̾˿˵ȻһĻᣬҲ͸һλɡ
лǰ
ⸯʴһϮԣݻټľ綾´˶ǰļὥɢʧͬģⶾ֮֮ǰļҲһɥʧȻҲа취㽫ָʱɢʧĶʱ䣬иҶ˵
ǰֱ˵ǡ
ⶾ֮뿪ߵԽԶԽáҶ޷˵
̱룬˵ʵЩֻҴʹ࣬ʹĻţȴһУǵĹµ
ѵ㲻֪Լ𣿡Ҷ޷ʵ
ôȥˣ֪֪Ѿûκˡ̱Ȼ˵
Ҷ޷˵ͷ˵Ǻðɣ㻹ʲôҪҪסֽʼ¡
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̱ظҶ޷˳
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ΪʦѾڵĶ󲿷ֵļ䶼ʧˡҶ޷򵥵Ľ͵
Ҷ㶣æʵҲ˵Ѿϵˣ
Ҷ޷˵ͷ
ҶȴаЦһֱ̱Ƣʮͷۣʧˣ˵ı䡣
һ˿ΣҶ컵Цߵ˳̱ǰʵţĲǵҿϹ
Ҷһӣ̱ӵض㵽Ҷ޷
ҶĨ˰Ѻҿô𣿡
̱˵
ԷưƵģҶʱ־Ȥˣʦ˵ʧ䲻ԸҲᷢתɣǰװͰ͵ģôˡ
Ҷ޷̾һ˵Ҳıԡ
Ҷ˵ͷͻȻЩͬŮˣһĹԹŮȴѵһɱ֣Ƕôɱ¡
ţҶ޷˵ɥʧҲõģҲҲһϤĻʱһһػָ
֪ˣʦȴȥˡ˵ţҶǰ̱֣ϵش
ȥˣҶ޷ҡͷ̾һԵĵǣҶ쳹׻ָ˼䣬ֺ֪̱δθ顭
뿪Ҷ޷ıҶųֱ̱Լıȥ
һ·ϣ̱ڲ⣬˿̵ǸճӤһ㣬ߵˣԼİ־塣
ų̱صɳǰڣҶȵŮԼ
̱˫ֵҶϧ˫֣οҪ£һԶġ
Ҷó̱оģʶص˵ͷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ§뻳С
ôİɲ֪ΪΣȴоһĪİȫУǴİȫУǰֵ
һҶ챧ų̱˯һϣ̱˯ú񾲣ûмȻûзգûκǣҺǡ


203 쾳
ڶ죬Ҷų̱ʱŮѾڲĸͣȻŽĻš
Ҷ磬ȥǱˮ˵ƯġȻ
ȥ㡣ʫ˵
㣬ȥࡣ˵

͸ôô棬ǵļˡҶ˵
̱㣬ȥǱˮòáȻ²̱ʵ
ԷڶԼ˵̱ߵض㵽Ҷ
Ȼ㶣ɻʵҶ磬̱ôˣ
Ҷ콫̱Ůһ飬Ů֮󶼷׷¶ͬ
Ҷ̾˿˵Ҳ̫ˣȻͺúȥɣٴȥ棬ֻҪǲ۾ͺá
Թ緹ЩѾͷǰԼϲĻ㡣
Ҷų̱ɳ̲ϣɳ̲ϣź磬ԡ⣬ź̲ϷˮıȻü
Ƭ̣̱ͻȻСʵ𣿡
⻹ǳ̱ʧһοڣҪٲڣҶΪԶˡ
һ㶺Ҷ϶ص˵ͷ˵ǵȻǰǺܶġ
̱죬ʵԺҪϹ𣿡
Ҷһ㶣ЦشֻҪϲôжԡ
̱û˵һãȻؿǰƬޱ߼ʵĴ󺣣ʧ˷Ĵֻһ㣬֪úȥδӡ
Ҷ֣ʲôҲҪ룬ֻҪ߾Ϳˡ
̱˵ͷһ˿ĵЦ⣬ֻůĴץţָоԺĴָֻһ㡭
һ죬ЩѾͷǶˣƴĵѾת˺üȦĿˡ
ʱҪȥ죬һ¾ȥõ档
ҹȳ̱˯źҶȥҶ޷ıЩӿռſԯҽʷҶ޷ȷϡ
ҶŵʱҶ޷һںŽƣͦ˵ġ
ʦ㶼һˣôŹЩСأҶ˵űڶɳ
㶮ƨΪʦĲϣ㣬һʮ椻ɲҪδ˥ˡҶ޷ҲҶڳܻؽ椵ѣŪһֻͷ̱Ҷ޷ģͦܵӡ
ʦͱ²ˣνʤҿɱҪܸɶˡҶȻ˵
㾡ܴɣҿСҲʹţı±ΪʦǿˡҶ޷û
Ҷһ̣˵ûʵѧĴţأᣬţҲʱС
ˣмＸΪʦҪСӽΪΪʦţƤ㻹ʡʡȥ˯ɣΪʦҪæءҶ޷һ˵ţһŻֻͰ͵ֲ֪ʱѾ쵽椵ĿУ椾͸ƵģͣŤˣЩų̶ȿɲǹɱȵġ
Ҷ쿴˿椣ڿˮ˼֣˵ʦҽҪ㡣
Ĵβ˵£ҿҲǴţˡҶ޷˵ֲͣ椵ĲӣȫѾҶˡ
ʹԯҽɵʷҶ˵
Ҷ޷һͣڵԯҽɵĴ˰ָùʲôʷ
ʦ˵ʵӣҶֱϴֿռŷ˵ԯҽлΪаɣ˹
Ҷ޷ĶȫͣϵɫҲ˼֣˻֣˻椣Ȼɫ˵ԯҽҽǷǣǿеаɡ
Ѫ塢ָνأҶ׷ʵ
Ҷ޷̾˿˵ʵΪʦҲʮΪʦʦἰԯҽɡƵھΪʡ͡ࡷ֣ڷֱ̺ʵҽ伮ʦҲֻѧҽѡ
Ҳ˵Ѫ塢ȷȷʵʵڵһаˣҶʵ
Ҷ޷ҡҡͷ˵ʦ洫ΪʦķҲֻᵽˡΪΪѪ壬ظһλβΪʦҲǺ
ϴȥ̩ɽμִʱɽµһضһϲ룬Ѫʬ壬һһֻװƿӣʦ˵᲻ԯҽйأҶɻʵ
Ҷ޷˼ãȻɫص˵ԯҽ֮⣬лֽ绹аħӵѪҲΪ档
Ҷ˵ͷڴҲû̫⣬ϾԼûϵ
ţҶ޷ֺʵ죬ΪʦΪ٣Īиָ㣿
ʦѵܿҵΪҶЩԾΪڻֻΪ
Ҷ޷ҶöƳһۣ˵ȻΪΪʦֻҪϸ̽黹ǿܿġ
ô˵ҲֻԵؾǿЧˡҶ쿴˿ӣЩź˵ֵʱȷʵЩΪŻ˾ȻὫ׻껹Ԫ˵˵ʦһʱҲѽ
еؾΪлֽǿ֣Уǵñֵ͵Уرǲй¶ԯҽɴ˵ݡҶ޷֣ض
ʦģһСµġȻ֪ԯҽɱлֽаɣҶԵСĽ
뿪Ҷ޷ıҶֱӻԼķ䡣
Ҷ뿪󲻾ãȻҶ޷ı
֪ǰСŮΪ£Ȼһű㿪ʵ
Ҷ޷һۣɫ˵˵ɣкĿģ
ȻӯӯһЦߵҶ޷˵ǰˣСŮûκĿģֻǶҶͦкøеġ
Ҷ޷һУʵ㵽ʲôˣ;쾳ΪĪڽˣ
ȻݸһЦ˵ǰ㾡ܷĺˣСŮͦϲҶģԾԲӺ
Ҷ޷ȻϷҲû⵨㱳ۺԯҽҲǺǵġ
ǰ˵ǣ˵ɹǹ涼ڵĻֽѾûƥˡȻ˵
֪ͺáҶ޷Ȼ˵
ǰûµĻСŮӾȸˡȻ˵
Ҷ˰֣Ȼתȥ
Ҷջص䣬̱ͻȻŵֱ˽
һΪ㶪ء̱˵΢΢š
Ҷϧ§ıοĺˣҲᶪġʵող˯ôˣ
Ҹո˸Σε˺öˣԾͱˡ̱Ҷ죬ܺµӡ
̱ûмˣһǲεģȻһԺЩʧļƬΡ


204 
Ҷļ磬˲۽ǵˮ˵Ҫ£ڣû˻˺ġ
̱˵ͷó˿̵һĹ¶һ㣬Ҫһ
ļ죬ҶѾͷȥĵ˸ʹ졣
ڻȥǰϣҶ޷ֽҶ˹ȥ
찡ȥĻƱΪʦѾˣʮɵġԺ·ҲֻܿԼˣΪʦûʲôܹģȥɣΪʦЩռһЩϳ˹ͼ˵ӦÿóҶ޷˵ű㽫輸ϵһƵҶǰ
лʦҶмл֪ʦһֱЩŶղţܹóҲԿˡ
Ҷ޷˰֣˵һ£ѾͷϽ˰ɣѾͷŮ˺ӦûᶮЩˣҪȻΪʦ⸱Ϲͷɾסˡ
ҶúգæʦҺʦã£ҿ㻹취Ҹɾɡ
ҶѶѾͷ˿־УӵоòƢʵڲһܳܵģҪҶѾͷһӣԸȢ㵱š
Ҷ޷Ҷ˵ۣѵʦôˣֲãûѪԵϵʲô²СӾʵʵذѾͷˣҲΪʦʡʡġ
Ҷ쵱Ȼ֪ʦǼҪѾͷƸԣҽƴǵʦҺȻûѪԵϵһֱÿģ˵ܶأ
ʲôģҿСӷ¡Ҷ޷
ҶƲƲû˵㲻ҲǧټƵҪѾͷƸ
ΪʦΪǵҸҶ޷ǳ
ҶĨ˰ѺؽҴҿΪԼҸɣҪΪĻӦôʦȥеعӡ
ĳСӣΪʦѾǧ࣬һʺһذôһ㲻Т˳أҶ޷ѵ
ʦҿҪʦչ㣬ô˵ҲТ˳أҶ
ʦͽʱ򣬴š硱һ߿Ű嶼ɽ˴
ٳſڿȥҶվſڡ
ʦʦ֣ǶҪңЩأҶƿڴһȻܿˣԶԶһƹƹҵײ
ʦͽ
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ҶĨ˰Ѻ
Ҷ޷ǰŰֵ㻹ǸϽȥѾͷɣҪȻѾͷɵðΪʦƵˡ
Ҷ첻˵ڹȥǵð˸˲ɣȵҵ㶫й˵ɡ
Ҷ޷ɥεҡҡͷ
ţҶʵʦѵ㻹ûҵ취ͻʦЩµľ𣿡
ôףʦ潫ѾͷиΪʦʱЩѾסˣȻʦ涼û취ͻƣΪʦҲ͸ΪˡҶ޷̾Ϣ
Ҷź˵룬Ҫܹҵ취ʦõľͻƵĻؽƽơ
ĿǰҶȫľ˴룬ٶȴҪҶ죬룬ЩδµĻٶȽӿֲ
ҿ㻹ǾͷɣҪѾͷ쾳Ϊʦ⼸ǰûˡҶ޷˵
Ҷ쳤̾һʦŰɣȥѾͷ˵ţ㳯ſȥ
ҪҶѾͷǼǳ׵£Ϊܻ֮һƬǼ˳ЩƻĺۼȥȻͿҵˡ
Ȼദô꣬ѾͷÿʱȥģҶ֪
̲ߣԶ㿴ҶڵϣˮﶪʯͷÿһţﻹҪһ䡣
ҶҲֻӲͷƤȥ
Ѿͷһ˶͵͵𣿡
ҶŤͷǸ滨¶ӣŶۡ
ʦ֣ʦ֡Ҷ
ҶߵǰԱһˮһ߰οɵѾͷٿ޿ɾͲƯˡ
ҶСһһģỹǲͣ䣬һܾίģ
˲޲ޣʦֲãʦָǸԡҶǺСһҶ飬ΪСôģѾͷҲϰˡ
Ҷ£Ȼ˵ҶĻʦ֣˼Ҿһ
Ҷıοʦû˵ߣⲻƱ
ǣ˼ҪԶһҶŷȭҶġ
ҶҲֻܿЦŴӦúúãǾԶһ𡣡
òײŽѾͷ忪ģԺʱգҶᡣ
ڶ糿ԹͺҶ޷ͷ
λСˣǸ͸ǵļÿһڡҶ޷һ˵ţһ߽һúװŵпŮ
һԪŮ۾
Ҷ޷ΪҶԼϵףˣæ͵ȻֻһԪȴǸһƬ⡣
һԪŮðϲ졣
Ҷ޷ΪŮԪĵλֽ͵Сǣ֪ʲˮ˺ü㣬ЩѾǸҲˡ
һĻҶͷߡ
صѾǰʱ֣Ůһƣȫû˵յִۻʱ˷ܡ
Ҷкү˼ֱŮͻؼҡ
⼸ûʲôɣϣҶүʵ
ûʲôٹҲˡүش
Ҷ˵ͷŤͷǴϢķֵȴǸпǧ˵ݻĶ˶壬ǶҶ˵ݳˣʱѾӶķĹ˳ҪǰŸԶ
úҶջĿ⣬үʵϺϲƽƽǴɱɱ磿
磬ϺƽĻҲͲƴƴضսˡүᶨػش
ľƣѾִ۷𣿡Ҷʵ
ү㶣شǾ͵ÿ˼ˣĿ⽭УȷʵѾԲˡ
˼أҶүȥǳЦʵ
үЦЦ˵ЦϺ䲻ʲôػ־֮ȴҲǸľҰ֮ˣڶʱһгһܹһͳꡣԸʵˣȴֵò㣬ܾûߣߵûԶ˵ţүԳһЦҲ˱Ƚ̰ɡ
ûһַʽǰأҶ޵ʵ
һַʽүЩ⡣
ѵţȴ꣬ٴϣȻȫⷢչ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ǺǣôһĻȻٺòˡүԼҰġ
ֻµʱͳһ磬ǻһò㣬ѲɵʱǣҶ쿪Ц˵


205 
үỵ̂תһ䣬˵˵ЦˣϺ߲֮һġ
ֻҪԸ⣬ߵñ˵ûԶҶ쵭Ȼ˵
үЩ⣬Цʵ磬Ѳ㻹׼չ
ǺǣǵûԶ̶ֳȣȻҵȶˣȻзչˡҶ˵
磬ȻҶ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳ֪֮иƣǿ֣ҵΪǺʲôΪɣүǵ
һòŲģа취ȥ֪ͨʮ㿪ᣬ˵ʱ˵ɡ
ǣүӦ
صɫѺڣŮԻ˷䣬ҶҲصԼ
մ򿪷ţ㾪ˣֻһƬǼϣϣϣϣǿҧĺۼͺ˳ɰǧֻϮһ㡣
Ҳ֪һǴǼһɵĺ¡
ҶǿŭţߵǰϣȻſһȻûֻɫС۾
Ƭ˼ȡֵֻͲһգȴڽ￴һë׵ĶؾСһˣǿһģѾ˵ӡ
ѲǶˣҶ˼ţæȥ˰ɨ㣬СһӴ²˳
էһȻһֻȭͷСȫëɫڣѹֶڴ¾ֻֻܿ۾
ʱһһģѾˣҶֽ𣬿ɾָӵɲǣǹϤɸٶȲұ֮ǰǿŵʱҪǿ
Ƭ֮䣬ȫͱɵСһҲͻȻ۾ӵһҶ죬ǼƵģ󡱵һУһӰܻ˴¡
Ҷһʱ֮Цá
ȻСһҪάģǵϡҲ˾޴Ŀ顣
ٿǼķ䣬ҶҲûƢȥСһˣҪ̫ҲĴҿУҺǱ׵Ȳص˱𴦣ҪȻڿ¾Ҳʣˡ
ִʯѾ꣬ȥʯȡС
뵽ЩҶ̾˿ϣ򿪣ж˳Щʦ͵һЩͱ
бֻ࣬һɫذףһɫСӣһֱİԾ
Ҷ콫һһһԿ϶еȱ
ɫذǼϵע󾹿쳤ǿӵǱȽ棬ע󾹿ԶݵضСԾãҶҲǺע룬ϻֵͲһճâǹâû˿ЧⲻòҶ컳ɣǲǸ߿ƼֵͲ
Ҷ˵ôǺܴ͸ЩѾͷǵߣɮ٣δЩѾͷǻԴףҲֻʱԼˡ
Ҷַ˷Ķ˼¾ɵĹؼ֮⣬мֻƿװĶһЩ鵤ĵҩ鵤ڵҩҶҲ˲٣׵ؾֵ֮ҩûЧˡ
ҶֽǼ·һ飬ЩȻȲ֮ϳѧȭѷĵȴҪϵΡ
Ҷ쵱Ȼ֪ʦЩɲǽԼһģΪ˰һЩ£齨һ֧ʵۺĶ顣
йҶ콫Щص˸һշҪȻʲôʱ򱻴һ͵˶֪
һһۣһϵˣҶ
׻ҲֹͣҶ³ȻʵСӣЩ춼û𣿡
û꣬ҿҸɣҶЩͷػشԴϴһһ׵֮һͳһ㣬ͷûꡣ
粻ԤⶫӦöȥעעȥ׻
ǳԱ˳ȥװҶûػص
ⲻΪ׻Ƥ˵
㡣Ҷ˵űֱӶݳ
ʱյΪҶΪѾڵؾһ󲽣ܱչһʱյĻҲָտɴˡ
ʮӵʱҶ׼ʱ˶ֻĻҡ
йǸܷҲڳȻΰĺԶҲˡ
ѵ룬Ҷºֱӿ˵дҹмҪҪ
ﶼؿҶ죬ȴ˵ȥ
Ҷ˶ٺ˵˵ĸҲǻȹˣȻԼʡţѾ󡣵Ȼֽ˵ֵܣֵⷽ뷨ĻȻԷſֽȥһȫֵ֧ġڴ֮ǰһиΪҪҪλ֣ϴһкͻȻһͷ
Ҷ豭һСڲ裬ּ˵Ҳһ֪·ÿڣùοΣڼҵҲֵģʽ˻Ϊ˺֡
Ҷָⷬ˶ԵöЩԾ׷׽ͷӶ
磬ѵ˽ֽ磿үȵʵ
û׽緢չĻȺǰվʮޣ·һߣԻƶֽ紳׽ҪŸͲѴ֮ٸ˵ɣҪֽңҵײҵɽƣӦöɣҶǳЦɨˡ
Ҷֵܣ뷨ȷʵȡֻĿǰʵҪֽ紳ÿºѡܷ˰ζǰĳ˵
ǰ֮ҲһӵеؾΪ齨ɣҲֻһСɣҲʮޡ˵
ȻǲҪʮھͳʲôִɣ»ҪиḶ́죬ֻҪһҶǼѾ¶˾ġ
žƬ̺󣬻үںˬ˵磬ϻ㣬ǰ£Ҳˡ
磬ҵģ׷㣬ԣôѡǶûκ顣ָҲ̬
ү˵ͷʾԼ̬ȡ
ȴ̾˿˵ʮʮ꣬ҺҲԥѡ·һˣҲЩ˵ĽŲˣԣһڹӴɡ
ҶͷһЦܷȥ
ܷŰ׾ϳֳһ˿֮ɫҶ˫ᶨʱ˲˴𰸡
ҶֵܣҵĸоңǲġܷЦ˵
Ը׷үҡԥ˵
壬Ѿ߽⣬ҲѡԼ·ˣòŸߡܷȰ
үǷ񻹴ڣԶı䡣ᶨ˵
ܷ̾˿ǺðɣȻִˣҲͲٶ˵ˡ


206 ¥
ţΰźЦ찡̫ǣңһȥ
ҶڰЦҿ㻹ʵʵĺɷɣҪҴȥԴϵͷɵóԲͣˡ
ԶֿЦ˵ܣҪ뷨ĻܷĸȥˣĹ˾ͷһġ
үӣҿҲҪҹ˾̲ɣΰЦ
Ҳֻʱ뷨ˣˣֻϣܾ콫ЩҵиһԶڿȥһΣ˶һЦ
ȻҶѾѡǾôˡھָүˣǵλȻ˽棬ֵţںҵʱֵܹŰɣҵʵѡаšҶ
ڻ϶ĸĸ˵СǿҲǶ˵һԱˣߵҲ˽⣻Ǳ߽ʮԼҰĺڹΪܸˣȽϷæɾϵĺڱƼŽɽйҶȻû
Ҷ˾ֵ̤ˡ
߳ңҶ˵Ŀǰ˳ԱֻˣҾְֵ֮
ҶֵܣΪǳְ֮θΪ׵ɣܷƴǵ
֮ˣδְʵڲʣѡڵҲΪԭ򡣡Ҷ͵ϾԯҽɱлаɣԼְ֮ݳᱻǽҴʱƱػɡ
ǣҵĻ᲻е̫ˣûܷǵ
ڲŸո𲽣ȻЩȽŸĴûñȣҪ͵£ǾûʵҲͲܵѹˡҶ
үͷͬ˵ûҲͱƴˡ
ǺðɣҾȵһʱԿɡܷǿӦ
Ҷɨһۣ˵ҪľǵΪˡ
磬ǸḶ́ʱҪ²̫ܰɣָ˵
Ҷ첻ΪȻȷʵһһϦ֮£ֻҪѡ˺ʵĹټϵҩϣٶȻ٣ЩŴɵӲǿҩġ
ȻҶֵô˵Ѿ׼˰ɣܷЦʵ
ҶЦŵ˵ͷֵȻÿ˵ǹ̶ģҿ֮ǴͨһЩľһÿ˵ٶȶõ̶ͬȵһǵΪѡʵĹϵҩԿǵٶһأܹҵĻٶȾ͸ӿɹˡ
̫ˣ磬ϽΪǴͨɡүȲ˵༸Ҳһڴӡ
ҶҲīΪͨȻܸͨıǵʣҲֻڵǰ·ӳ״̬
ͨ꾭ȷǵ֮Ҷ˵ڹ͵ҩùǣǾԼЩոմͨľúͨͨɡ
˶˷ܵصͷӦȻ󶼵ʼҶ뿪˻ңȥеʯһˡ
ʯоһÿʡݣһЩ߻ƵжС
ȻҶ첢ý̫߻ȴҲһҷУλ
ʯв˽κιҲĵعLEDƣڷѾ͵ļûдڸˡ
Ҷ˺һ򣬲һƫƧӵ깽ҵʯеĵַ
һ¾ɵĴ¥ûдŽȥǵݿڣڵű߹˴ССƣЩäáĦϷ֮࣬ûоӪִյĲС˾
Щҵ֮䣬һƴ۵ƣûע˾ƣֻһȼɫʯͼʯеı־־·дš¥Ĵ֡
ҶһۣõŴ򿪣Ǳ첽˽ȥ
¶¥İťݻζһ£Ȼš֨֨СĵҲǺģǺܺΪƬ㳡ء
ݾţһ㣬֨˰˶¥ͣº󣬵ͻȻѵһ³һأҶЩš
ͣ˰κ󣬵ڷżˣڱǿŮһ㡣
Ŵ򿪺Ҷ쾪ط֣ǰȻһϥǸߵ̨ףǸոһ³Եʡ
Ĩ˰亹Ҷæ̨̤߳˵ݣͬʱﻹ˼ţ´ι¥ݱȽϱա
߳ݣһŨױĨӣڵݱߵİŹӡ
Ҷӵ߳ӸϽĹӣȻ·ϲ˲ЦӯӯкӴС˧磬ӭӭǵƯĹѡ⡣һ˵ţһ߽ҶǰĴȥ
ҶܸоԼǲߴطˣ˵ʯҲṩ񣬵ӦֻЩûܵõ
֮£Ҷʵ㣬ʯ𣿡
ʲôʯУ˼á˵һЦҶµķ³
ʱѾҶ˴Ȼ󣬲ȴҲ˼򵥵װޣǿ࣬ҶǣǽϾһƣͷдš˼ðĦġ
Ҷʱܣ֮ǰ¥ݿڵʱ֣Ȼߴطˡ
ǣæִǶԶͷ֮˻Ȼ˵˼Һߴطˡ˵űתȥ
Ȼûӵ߳վסΪҺ԰ҪͽҪͳ
ҶƵػͷʵѲɻǻʵ۵԰
װͰ͵غȵ¸ƶ죬ոԾĶҪ߿ԣǮ¡
٣ոԼСүװ׾֣ϸɳСүû⳥ѾլʺˣѾľȻСүǮӽʺ˰ɣҶ߳˵űתݿȥ
˸ӣ쵹Ҫô߳šӷ߷˵ţȻֳɤżеţӡ¿ӣϽźˣ
ӻ䣬һűصһ߿ֻ߰ݡĸӳ˳
һű׼Ҷ죬첽˹ȥΧ
ӵɪЦţҶ˹ȥʶظϽǮｻҪȻ̤Ű벽
⻹ǿڵģҶµЦ
ϻ˵ϽǮһ˸ĺӣſŨصͨ˵
ǿǮ𣿡ҶƽЦʵ
ȥºһһݣģļһԸ
ǣӦһҪҶȥ


207 
ɾʱ򣬺һͻȻ𡰆硱һ죬ƹƹҵײڼ仹ӵĺƬ̣Ŵ򿪣һĸŮӾŵس˳ΪɢͷҶûܿò
źŮһɨ׼ǰһȱֿĴԥس˹ȥ
һĻеѾͷ¥ˣ¿ӣϽȥס
¿ӵһźһ̵İӣỴ̂ȴǱ¿ӻ죬ǰſŵţӾŮӸǰ
Ц¿ӣŮӾŵȴһߺһͼѰ·ߣȻĿƶҶʱǿ˾һ㣬۾һѸҶȥﻹؽкҶ磬ңȾҡ
Ҷһ㶣ûϵŮӾȻϵԼһҲϳ
̵㽿ҲǵԼ̵һȥϴѧǸ조ŷ͡Ů
㽿ûͱ¿ӸʱǸֳһѪϾʹһõĴ󺺡
ŭ㽿ȥﻹŭӣҴӵͷӽ첻㣡
׷㽿ԵþˣﲻͣҶȡ
Ǵ󺺳嵽㽿ǰҪ첲ץȥʱһöͻأط˲˴󺺵ƣһֵָĿѪð

󺺵﷢ɱĲҽС
Ҷ첻֪ʱѾӵİΧ㽿˹ȥ
¿ӷ֮ʣ㽿ŵƿܵҶԣץҶĸ첲΢΢š
ʱ¿ӵҲӦٴν˸Χ
Ҷһö룬ţ侯ԴϿĻ͸Ͻ
ٿǸƣڰҽеĵùǷ׷ĭȴ
ȥ·ϰɡҶ㽿ѵ
㽿Ƭ̣Ȼһֵ֮̿ǰǸȥ
Ƭ֮㴩ܻҶԡ
߰ɣҶ˵һ㾶ֱŵݿȥ㽿첲š
˼㽿ֲػͷȥȴذף͵͵
Ҷ磬ǳˡ㽿û£˱ǲҽ̱ڵأÿҽϥǶˣӻ¿ӣ°뱲עǸȳˡ
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㽿Դ˵ͷмҶ磬ллҡ
ôᵽֵطأҶɻʵ
㽿Ū½ǣĬĬᣬֿġ
Ҷ̾˿ʵ緹𣿡
㽿ҡҡͷ
ȥ緹ɡ
ǣҶ㽿ڸ˼ķꡣ

㽿ͣسţҶ˼ֽȥοȻҲ֪һжѾȥˣҲ̫ˡ
㽿̧Ҷ쿴ȥ˵ʵҶ磬ΪʲôǶҪƭңΪʲô
㽿Ǹ˵ӣҶͬġ
ʲô¾͸˵ɣҿ԰㡣
㽿ͷԥú󣬲˵ǰһǽѧĴһʱʶһѣ֪ϲ󣬾ƭ˵ԼǺѧͶڲϴѧʱһȣҪ棬ǾԼһҿ棬ʱ˵һĺЩɣ˵ԼϵѧҲûٶˡ
㽿˲ˮ˵ʶãŮѹϵҰԼĵһθɴԺͶԽԽ䵭ºҷԼˣǾȥȴѾ˱Ůˡ֪һеºǵĺӣұ͵Ϊڣҷ֡ûҽԼе¸߼ͬѧǮ󣬾Լȥһ˽ҽԺ𡣡
˵⣬㽿Ѿ
еĻ治Ǹ֮ȥ𣿡Ҷͬʵ
㽿ҡҡͷϸ֪ʲôѧǿģͦǮӣѧУҲǸСҸԸ
Ҷ쳤̾һʵôǼҰĦأ
㽿͵Ϊ£Һܾ뵽Ѱһ뵽ĸĸһǷͷԺҵҲ˷츲صת䣬ֻҪ˭ǮҾ˯ǵģʲôġ죬ҽӵһ绰˵һλҪҵģأԼ˵ط棬ͰҴǼҵ߽ǼҵҲ֪ԼƭˣǰҹҪҽӴˡ
巢֮ĸҲ̣ԼҶȰ
㽿ȻһЦƺѾľˣţҶ磬㲻ҪЩ¸̶Ҳ֪Ůˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ̾úõһŮӣǸʵڻڲϴѧ𣿡㽿Ҳ̵ѣԼҲðʲô
㽿˵ͷ˵ǲϴѧѧԺѧ
ԹҹȥҰˡҶ˵
Ҷ磬ңҿ˰ɡ㽿ǵȻǻҶ֣ΪۼʶҶʮаٵĳ棬ĵǣԷº󱨸
Ҷƺ㽿ǣ˵ĺˣһ᲻㱨ġ
Ҷô˵㽿˵ͷʵʱ̶̿ţǸһĸб
Թ緹Ѿһ㣬Ҷ쿪㽿ϴѧȥ
·ϣڹ˸绰ʮֵܣϴѧУſڵȺ
ϾԸЩ׵ˣʹ׵ֶαȽϺʡ˵ԼҪȥѵСӣδػķ˵ºȥ㽿ԾͱܽԷķʽȥԸ
ΪڹĹѾϴѧԶԵҶ㽿ϵʱ򣬺ڹѾʮ˵ȺѧУſڡ
һҶڹӭǰ磬һС硣
ǰ꣬ЩСǵﶼ˳ݣ˵ĳŵ̶һµʱ䣬д˽ĺڵʷĿǰڵ
㽿ֻ֪Ҷϵĸ磬ҲͲö֪ˣ¿ֳ棬ЩԾ
ҶСɨһָۣʾѴˣݺƵ㣬ӣſڵı۾֪ꡣСܷ׷ѣҶֵҺͺڹȽѧУǽȥٷ
ǣӦ
ǣҶ㽿кڹгУſȥ


208 
ܺڹһͲʲôö٣ſڵıһҲùܣ˺˳ؽѧУ
С˽мһǱʵڹ˹أ⣬ڹҲֻԶԶʾȺ
磬ǵѧУʲôأڹɻʵ
˹Ȼ˵ġҶ˵
ǣǣĸ۵ļһҺڹȡڹƨ
ҶҲŤͷ㽿ʵ֪·𣿡
㽿ҡҡͷ
Ҷ·ִסһСʵСӣѧԺߣ
ҶһȺˣСԴһӵָ˸
Ҷ˳ָķȥһ·˲ˣҵ˾ѧԺĽѧ¥
֪ĸ𣿡Ҷ㽿ʵ
㽿ҡͷʾ֪
ʲô֣Ҷʵ
㽿ش
Ҷ˵ͷȻҲϻҵİ༶¥һǰһ߿š
ʱϿΣű߿۾ˢˢسſ
λͬѧ㲻̨֪ϵԭ뽫Ҷһɻ˵һȴͻȻסˣΪѾҶĺڹˡ
Ҷûὲ̨ϵӣֱʵ֪ĸ𣿡
˵䣬ûɨһۣͽѧһϴѧܰŮͦģһŮһԵؿԼԼйݵ̬ѾǵĻĸ²ˡ
žƬ̺һָָ򣬵ӵ˵͸Ǹࡣ
ҶЩŮۣȻڰ౼ȥ
Ҷߺ󣬽ʱ
ոǸͦ˧ġ
ɲǰӼֱ˧ˡ

Щ˺鷳ġ
Ǽһƽͦŵģǵʲô˰ɡ
ҿõùˡ

ŮǶ˻գǶĻ⡣
ںſڵһӦҪ󣬴˺š
ʱҶҲߵ˸ڰſڡ
ǡءһű߿
˯˯оѡ
Ҷǣ̨ϵʦǸŮӣòòҲֻͦǸɻ
ͬѧʲô𣿡Ůʦüͷʵ
Ҷ쳤Ůʦ˸ۣЦӯӯ˵Ůʦ㼸Ͽʱ䣬е¡
˵ţ㽿ߵ˽̨ϣ˵ĸһԸϰɡ
û㽿ҵվɵؽе㽿
㽿һæ㵽Ҷ
ҶǸȥЦʵӣ԰ɣ
ͷŸɾ㡣۾ȵ
ҶһɻŤͷϵŮʦȥаЦ˵ŮʦѵﲻɾҪСͷҼ顣
Ůʦһ죬ͬѧ뿪ңҪӰϿΡ
ҶּϷŮʦҿôСӦúܹٳɣһ洫ķطֻҪһ£Ҿ͸㣬ô
ŮʦŭݣҶ㵱裬Ҳ˲ԼݣƱ㳯Ҷȥ
ȻⷬٶͶҶһ̽㽫ץסˡ
ŮʦαôļأҪ㵱ôżҪϵĽӴǲھȥ䣬дɡ˵ż䣬ҶѽŮʦӲǰһڡ
һҲ̫˰ɣҵڵϷŮʦ
ŮʦĽֳ˻ȥŭصҶ졣
Ҷ첢ûаݣаЦʵŮʦ㲻й֮أ
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ʱŭСӣӹҪȻųȥ
ҶŤͷȥӣүү㣬ЩҪһ㣬˶û㣬ôأ
ƺµʲô㽿˹ȥ
ӣȻҰֹӾԹŮ֪ӵ˵ţָʾֵǣúźźԹŮ
ǵǺ׷Ӧ٣λվ
ԷչжſڵĺڹСǳңҶǰ
Ȼ翴ſڵĺڹȴûϵڹȻôˡ
ʮСܳҺԭȽϿտĽӵ
ЩǶֹס˽ŲûóȻǰ
ԺڹһˣȴԵø侲˫ߵǰͷźڹ˵û´ĻӦҰϴڹɣ
СӣҲûãԹ԰˫°ɡڹ˵
޾˵˵ڹ㵨ӻ治С֪ϴѧӵĵ𣿾ҿڹˡ
ô˵󷽵Ƕʮͦš
ڹҿǲ˰ɣ
ʶľ͸ϽĹ̹֡

Ƿ׷׽ͬʱλϻмŮΧһ䳰ȷš
һȺļһ۾СŮ
ɲȻӵĵ£ҲԼмＸСŮһŨױĨŮĵ
ţһмɫŮֳǿ̨Ǽһոջͦŵģӵ䣬ԶҿһˣֳӲûˡЩ죬ƺҪҶ
ﲻЦҶȴһա
ǰڹȻסȺˣ㽿ԵЩǣҲ⣬ҶȰҶ磬ҿǻǸϽ߰ɡ
Ҷ˰֣ǸЩɫŮЦûãһԱֻ֪µʱˮ۵Сĥϼ
ڹСǷ׷Ц
ҪĻ쵰ŮץһݺݵҶȥȻȴûҳľǸոϿʱĵֻ
Ҷһץɱ㽫ֻ
һÿᣬһҶͻȻһΪﾹŮٵĴ߶գɽ۸
ŮƺҲʶһ㣬ŵ̨ϳȥ쵰컹ҡ˵Ѿ嵽ҶǰֱҪҶֻ
Ҷɶ㿪Ů֣аЦͳֵĶջ֮ôƬҶûüúء
Ůʱߵͨ졣
Ҷתһ룬˵ҪһҲԣֻҪһڣ˵һҰ㡣
Ůŭ
ҶüͷΪȻȻˣҾͰЩĵƬ΢߿ռϣ˽طһ͡
ңŮü
ʲôҵģѲ㻹Ϊʲôûõ˵䣬ҶѾؽһţ˫Ĵ߶Ƭ˰༶Ⱥ
ʱ䣬һεΡϢ
ֻһϵıʱ쳣ʡ


209 Ƭ
ҶЦʵͬѧǻ벻뿴Ӵ߶ȵƬأ
ЩǶÿҶ죬ϾŮǰİ໨еŮܹŮĴ߶Ƭζġ
ŮѾʶʲôɫɲǼࡣ
Ҷ콫ֻ̨һǰŮ°ͣѵסˣԺáûáһˣȻǻḶش۵ġ
˵ⷬҶָֻƤЦӣ˳㻹ûŮһڡ
Ůľվţˮ䣬ͺ˸ǿһ㡣
ҶûŮ½̨ǰѵԴŮ˾Ҫүүǵķģֲϧˣүүġ
Ҷⷬ˶²ۣոҲ֪˭ѱ˵ƬȺ
Сӣҿ㻹֪Լսӵϰɣ˵
ӣǺǣУӵķϣүүĿ˵ţҶӿڴȡֻܷȥ˵绰ᡣ
һܷ֮ιҶֵܡ
Ȼϳȷܷ
ֵܣ˵ϴѧĵ̣԰ɣҶʵ
ûҶֵʲô𣿡ܷʵ
ո˵ĵ£սϣⲻº󱨸صظ绰Ҷ˵
ܷǺЦҶֵܣɾͱҿЦˣ겻ĵ
㲻˵һˣˣҾȹˡ˵ţҶҶϵ绰ֻ
һƬžһ˫˫۾һգգضҶ졣
в²һݣ⽭УֵܹܷܵƺҲûҴӸոǷԻܷԴ˼Ϊر˵Ǿ仰ֱͷ㤣궼һĵ̣˿ɲһЦ
֮ǰҶ䳰ȷļŮúܵͣҶ챨Ƶġ
Щɵȴе˶ͷѾð˶ĺ顣
ѣѵ㣬˵ģҶ죿ڲ
仰󷽲˶£Ůȴǵɴ۾
һͳڵ˽һţЩѧУѧҲšϵڣǻв֪˵һҶۣҶѾԽ˽ӣΪŮ׷ʲôȴû֪
ʱѾϸ϶һЩŮڷա
ԭǸҶ죬ѹô
ǰȻ˧治еİӣҪǸոձ׵Ǹöá
ôѵãǲӦȥҪǩأ
ҿͱϹˣûô

̨ǸҶǿǵŮһĲŮһҶҲеİӣ֮ǰ˵ǷĻһոҶ°ͣĻ棬ȴһϲá
ǰҶһЦ˵ӦøˣԽʲô£Ҳòˣ˵￪ģǮǰɣҲãһǧ򣬽֮ڽһǧ򵽽ÿҪȻ׼ʬ
ŵһ㤣촽Ҳͣض
Ȱ㻹ǺúÿˣҪǸұĻӦ֪ġ˵ţҶӱһλϷֽʣ㽿ǰݸ˵пдɡ
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㽿ԥƬ̺󣬱㽫пд
Ҷ콫ֽݸ˺ڹԸ֮ڰǮſϣƳһ쿳һָʮָǮûĻֱӲӿˡ
˶ľսѪɫ
ǣڹȻҲЩ𾪣ȴҲûҵӦһҶֽ
Ҷྯº󱨸õĻȸȫ׼ùײġ˵ţ˻֣ʾڹ˴ߡ
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Ⱥڹ߳ҺҶ߻ص̨ϣյλŮʦС˵ŮʦҪطĻʱҡ
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뿪ϴѧҶ㽿ص˳ϡ
Ҷ磬ллҳ㽿мл
ҶЦЦ˵̶ѣҰҲӦõġ
ţҶ콫㽿͵ѧԼ򿪳ٴλصʯǴ¥
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Ҷ˵㣬ǰʯԵЩףȻֻһʮƽС칫ҡ칫ֻһŰ칫涼ŵԣǰһŮӣڿʲôֲƬ﷢
ΪŮԷţñʾס
ҶһЦèŵ߽칫ңߵǰ˸ȻѸٵվ
ʱӰ÷ŵֲ˲䣬ŮͻȻһŹʾͷðʱŵüһץһմɱҶȥҺҶۼֿؽҪȻԴŹ֡
쵰ңŮصǰİ˺ʵ
Ҳڸ֪㾹ȻôСҶƵ
Ů˭˭СˣֻΪΪڿ־ƬԲŻᱻŵ
ǺðɣҴˣҸǸҶƲƲ
ߣŮһҶ췭˷ۣƺʲôæʵιôأɲˣĵطϽȥ˵ŻָţʾҶ֡
Ůôһ˵Ҷ쵹£æӶｫʯȡ˳Ůǰ˻ΣЦ˵ȡʯġ
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ôҿ֮һûô˧֮˰ɣҶƤ˵
Уˣҿ㶥ҲͷСˡŮӱĵ
ҶĨ˰ѺˣҲëѾͷƽϣϽ°ɡ˵žͽʯݸŮӡ
ǻëСأŮӻһ䣬ȻضҶʯصϡ
ҶӣŮԣЦʵãʲôأ
ŮӲҶ죬˼¼̺ûʵȡ٣
Ҷ룬ش͸ȡһٿɡ
һ򡣡Ů˵


210 
ʯдȡʯѾÿʯһԪ۸ȻЩ󣬲֮˵ǿܹܡ
ҶȡпݸŮӣٴʵãʲôأ
ŮӽпҶƳһۣ˵Ҫ㡣ΪոձԶ
ҶüͷһΪ㲻˵Ҳܲµ
Ը£
Ƚ˺Ů룬ȡһԿףվߵһǰ˹ӵš
ǽ£԰ɣҶЦʵ
ŮӲػͷʵô֪ģ
µ£Ҷ˵
У˵㡣˵תͷ˹ӵš
ڷһֽ䣬Ҳ֪װŵĶʯ
Щʯô⣬ѵͲ˹𣿡Ҷɻʵ
㲻³ΪͨĻˡµȻ˵
ԣʯеĺҪʵأǵʱз͵ű׷ɱɡ
˵´ӹһʴֽ䣬˵ϣҶ˵һٿʯϽ˰ɡ˵ֻͷߵǰ
Ҷ룬ʵã֪⸽Ƿʯ˿ʯĻӦûʯгںǡ
ߵǰȻ˵Ҳ㡣
ҶĨ˰ѺãɾĲˣĿͻ㲻ЦݣҲˣҲӦػشͻ⣬ҪôװͰ͵Ļҿǻ쵼Ӧġ
ȥɣȥɣ˭Ӧ͸˭ӦŲ¡ºں˵˵ּԼĵӡ
٣Ѿͷ湻ġҶа̾תһ룬ϵаЦ˵˵жԴûǲ˵Ұ˽𿨣ͿΪṩأ˵䣬Ҷ°ͣ´ţϾֲЦ
³Ҷ˵ۣĵҲûʸܣСġ
ãô˵ʵ̫иˣô˵ҲǸͷĴåɲеʲôС졣Ҷһؾ
ؿ˿Ҷ죬һѾûκƢˡ
Ҷֽ˵ãȻԸҵĲôãҲֻʵж֤ˡ
¾ЩЦһֲмʵʲô֤أ
ȻֳһŽ֤ˡҶڻش
³һЦʵ֪һŽҪǮ𣿡
ǮأҶʵ
һԪÿŵ˵۸
һԪҶ۾һɣøŵظһ顣
֪ԼмＸ˰ɣԴһ߰˵
ˣʵǣôһԪأҲ̫˰ɣҶóԾ˵
һɵҶ˳ѵһԪңɲһԪ
ʲôҶ쾪
Ѳ㵱滹ΪԪǸ׳ա³Ц
Ҷæ͵ãˣ㲻˵һΪŷԪأһԪңҲ̫̫̫̫˰ɣ
Ĩ˰ѺҿǱɵ˰ɣ
ãǲɵԼϸ֪ˣźڿжʯոӦҲ˰ɣҶ콫źڿ»˻Ρ
Ҷôһᣬ»ȻʶԷĺڿƺһǧʯһûҲûôࡣ
ѵһز¶¿˿Ҷ죬˼ϸһ룬־ЩɣӵһǧʯҲ֤𿨣ϾһԪѾ൱һĿˣһҵҲδسе
û˵ʲôҶ̾˿˵ðɣȻ²⣬ǸҲƨɣʹ˸ˡ˵㽫ʯ
ԷҪߵӣæȵȡ
ôûҺȸ裿ֻǿ˸ң룿ҶЦʵ
㣬ող˵Ҫ֤ҿҪĻͣͰһҿ˵ܶԷǲڴţҲĲԼʱ䡣෴ģǶԷȲĻԼɾͷˣֿԺܵͣһԵıҪ첻˽𿨣û׼ǿ԰ġ
Ҷ쵱ȻҲ֪Էʹ⣬ӣаЦ˵ôҪҰ𿨣Ұ˵Ļûкܶɰɣ
Է˼΢΢һ죬æ⣬ⲻɵ£ǣԼ˵Ҫ֤ġ
ʵҲҶ˵ֻҪͻ쿨Ϳõٷ֮һɡڿһǮѣõһٿǮɣһѣܹһɣ˰𿨣ǿɾһɡ
ɽǳɹۣЩǮȴûô򵥵ġһ˵ԽǷĶУԽ֮˻ʯУƽʱʮû˹˶ʮģһܹһڿĿͻѾܲˣ𿨣ʮҲ졣
ԷϣҶǣ˵ֲ֤ˡ
üһ壬ҿ֤ˡ
Ҷתһ룬ڴʵһŽ𿨣ǲԸΪṩأ
һ죬ģɵ˵ǵȿû£
ۺ⣬ڽ֮ǰΪãһҰˣֲˣǰװ˷ǮˡҶ˵
ЩҪ֪һ˵ѾǸ֣ҪǣǵõЩǮܹðѲļˡҪΪһ򸶳壬ЩΪѵģϾŮˡ
ԷЩԥҶЦЦջҪҰ˽𿨣ҲʮǰɰɣᣬҸ˯ҲòôǮǿ׬ӦҲɣ
Ҷôһ˵¾͸ӶˣԼǴ֮ô࣬Ҳֵۡ˵Էֲʲô֮ˣ෴Ļͦ˧ģԼҲû
ãɾûҵˣɵˡҶһѵ
ºҶ͵͵һۣȻѾ׼Ҫ˵ڣͦΪġ
Է⸱ֹӣҶֹ˵Ȼ㲻ԸǾˡ
һʱˣһ뵽õĲҲ˲ʲôˣҧӦãֻҪ𿨣ңҾͺ¡
ô˵Ҷȴź̾˿Ϊ˽Ǯ壬չ黹ǿɳܵΪǶԷܹסջǿӲܾĻῼȥŰŮˡ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦû˵ʲôֽпϡ


211 
Ȼ׼齨̤֣ôʯ𿨻ǵҪġ
´żֻɣпˢһˢڼһڣҶȷϺĻ˸ɹʾʾ˲סˡ
Ƭ̺һ˼Ҷ쿴ȥ֮о̾ϲãȻɬ
ˣϽҰ쿨ɡҶߴٵ
Ŷ´ӦһȻæҵҶ𿨡
󣬽ɣҶִֽάĺڿһŽٷĺڿʯȫתŽ
תɺºͷֻֽץȹӣŵþͺǸճ޵Ĵһ㡣
⸱ӣҶ첻ʧЦˡ
㣬Цʲôأü
ҶǿסЦ⣬Ȼ˵ĹͻˣܸÿԻش֮ǰǸ˰ɣ
ĸأɻʵ
ǹ⸽Ƿʯ⡣Ҷ˵
ϲɽȷʵһСʯʵش
Ҷ۾һ׷ʵ֪ʲôģ
ǱһҵռˣʯĴ󲿷ֶǵ⣬ֻʯޣҲżŻῪһΡϸؽ
ң֣Ҷ첻뵽˵̩ɽµǸС壬ʱҲԳңл֮˲ҲδؾǱҡ
⣬Ҷ첢û̫ã´֪ľλã
ҡҡͷ˵ҲǺ
ҶźȻ֪ϲɽҲʲô¡
лˡҶµлһȻͱʯתſȥ
ҶҪߣæ֧֧ʵιǣǸ¶㣬ʲôʲôأ
ҶתͷЦ㿪Цģ˾ӣôַܻǷ֮أ
ⷬһůǰҲ˲ﵽһ޷Խĸ߶ȡһ̣ͻȻ˧㣬·ҲҲڶˡ
Ҷһȴиոս󣬷һٰʮȴת
Ҫô£ҲǲġҶ컵Ц˵
ৡһ±ͨ졣
ҶǹЦ߳˷š
Ҷ챧ʯصϡ
˿ʱ䣬ĵ㲻
˼Ƭ̺ȴȥϲɽתת
ϲضΣ˸ͣѳͣˣȻͽɽ뱼ȥ
ҮվսĵصƬɽıԵԣҶ·ȽϤʮӺɽ븽
ڲ֪ɽ·һλԱȽϸߵСɽ˺һɽ
վɽɽԿһɭɭСɽ£粨һһȥͷ
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˼ţǲǸöԱСܽɽѰʱͻȻԶɽӰɿس
ھ̫ԶҶ޷ǵòȷһһŮӦ֮ˡ
ѵǸҵˣҶ˼Ƭ̺ȷ˵ǰ·ߣȻѸɽ±ȥ
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Ƭ̺Ůӵ磬ңʵܲˡŮӺЩ٣ӦѾ˺ܳһ·ˡ
ټһ£ܿܳɽˡһӵ
ЩϤһʱ֮ȴ벻˭Ҷ۲š
磬ǶôˣӦò׷˰ɣŮӴŴ˵
룬ǺðɣҸεĵطϢ°ɡ
ţҶŲҲѡ⴦εĹľԡ
ߵǰ߰ԶʱҶڿǵò
Ҷ벻ǣǵ̩ɽǸӷɺá
ûǼҶӹľ˳
ǰͻȻܳһˣԭ;δһ
ʲôˣӷɵǰڳһսƣҶʵ
ԷôһʣҶʶϴǼʱԼ׹ݣȻϵԼڵʵò
ǣҶϸǽһ
ҶĽͺϾ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
Ҷֵܣ㣬ôģӷһͼʵ
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ԭˣ̫ˣϴһ𣬻ΪҲҶֵءӷЦǺǵҶ˹ȥ
ҿλҴææĴɽܳѵʲô鷳𣿻ʯֵôûһأҶɻʵ
ӷ̾˿Ҷֵ֪ϴĽ׻֮Һûʯͷˣ뿪̩ɽ;⵽Ⱥ˵ءʯͷΪߣԵȺˣ·˴֪˽ʯͷʹһٺְˡǾ׷ƬɽѰʮ죬ҵҵϳǻûüȥӪʯͷͱǸˣòײӵ
ô˵ռʯǸˡҶ૵
Ҷֵܣ˵ʲôأӷɻ
ŶûʲôλɻǵҵλãҶʵ
ţҶֵܣôѵǴȥӪʯͷ𣿡ӷ¶ϲ֮ɫ˿ϲְܿȥˣΪҶ֣ҲܶԸôˡ
ֵܣ֮żҲԵݣѣԵһౡ֮Ҷ˵ʵҪĿĻռݵʯ
Ҷֵܣ˶أ֮ûʲôʤ㡣ӷź˵ʶҶ콫Ҹһȭɵĳ棬֪ҶӵеؾΪϾҶ䣬ǺѽеؾΪġ
ǰĶֿһм壬ҶȻ̫ʣƬ˼ӷʵǶҵʵж˽⣿
ǰǸҲûκνӴϴǼ֮ŽӣҵʵǲǺӷɻش
أҶʵ
ӷ룬ӽģƺʮҲʮʮ֮˰ɡ
ֹģλؾǿ߾ͺ˲ˣɣȴҹȥʤĻ͵֣ûʤǾȳ롣Ҷ
ӷɵ˵ͷ˵ǺðɣոѾ֣ڽ䱸һʮɭϣøСĲǡ
ţҶӦһȻ͸ɽǰ


212 Ӫ
ɽ֮вûֳɵ·Ҳֻն˳᫵ɽȿǰ
ǰ˴СʱɫѾЩ谵ӷָǰһ߳ɽ˵ҶֵܣɽͿԿϳˡ
˹ɾǰŲȴǷ˼֡
һ·ɽ£ִɽӷִҶһΣֺõСϡ
˳ӷɵָʾ·ɽпȥԿʮľҵطֲһƬԿտƽϣƬľݵΧ˰ţһ䱸ɭϵӡ
۲Ƭ̺Ҷ˵ţҿ㿴
Ҷֵܣ᲻̫Σˡӷɵǵ
İɣΪеؾǿҲ޷ġҶ˵
ӷҲûȰ裬ðɣԼСĵ㡣
ǣҶ˳ɽСĽɽǱȥ
Ҷ콥ԶȥӰҶ
Ҷһǰһ߽ɢôõĴ̾ԪѾ׳࣬ɢķΧȻ͸ˡ
ӺҶɽУһƬľԵڻ£Щľݿ
ھľݻʮԶʱǰһƬͺͺĿյء
ΧˣԿһӰţǸϴαӷ˴ñ׵зͷ꣬˿һϳ̡
ҲǸΪڣŸ֦ڵϻʲô
ǰûвľڻ£ҪľȻʮѡ
Ҷûм취þｫͽļľݲ̽һ飬һʮ֮ˣ˿ĵһľһλؾǿ֮⣬˵Ϊڻƾ׶Ρ
ҶȽĵǣԼһľһŮԡͰϴ衣
˼Ƭ̣ҶƵ࣬Ǹзˡ
ǣŹľڻĵƶ
зλʱҶͣ½Ų࿴˿ûˣȡһö룬˦ֱзȥ
з걻к󣬺Ҳûһ̱ϻ˹ȥ
ҶæݳľԣŮϴľȥľǰ
͸ľķ϶￴ȥպÿԿŮӵ档
ŮӿʮӣȻòرƯӻе㿴ͷġ
ܵԡͰڵҶֻܿϵĲ֣ŮӴʱı鵹ҶһѪȡ
ǸòҰοɣҶгԾһŮӾ䵽˼įͣѰοĵزΪһΪӺɷѵôԹ𣿲УӦñΪ֣֮ѵľ񣬽ڼ֮С
ﲢˣҶ͵͵ſڣƿڵĲȻŵ˽ȥ
һʮƽ׵ĿŮҲķţŮǱŶԣҶɱǱ˽ȥ
Ҳ֪Ůˮʲôϣһűŵһ˵ķ㣬Ҷеаԡ
ľͰʱҶŮǼٵĺںͦӡ
ӿ첽ܿߵŮӱ󣬶ŮȴȫȻ
ҪǰӲϹĻŮӿ϶ȽסΪá뵽Ҷԥ̧ŮӺһ㡣
ܵŮӾŵػͷվһаЦʱҪУȴ֣ԼôŬҲ޷
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ãҿ˼ͣҪҪһأҶ컵Цʵ
ŮɬǿֻţԴҡ˹Ƶġ
ź㣬ܱҰοҪһЩɣҶ
Ůӻҡͷ
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Ůһʱ
Է˱ӣҶдƣԾͲٴɢ̽Χ
վλãԸƬľȺ
֮ǰ̽Щľ֮⣬ľﵹҲûٷʲôļһ
ȻҶɲҾֻǰⷬʵΪû̽⵽ĴڣҲ˵ԼĿǰ̽ⷶΧ֮ڡ
Ҳ֪϶һǷеؾǿߣǾͲö֪ˡ
ûгԷϸ£ҶɲóȻж
˼Ƭ̺󣬽ĿתԡͰǸŮϡ
ʱŮѾֹͣ˿һҶ쿴ɪɪ
ҶߵŮǰ˵⿪Ѩλʵ㣬ҪǸҺ˵ĻҾͰɱ飬֪𣿡
Ůӵص˵ͷ
ǣҶһ㣬⿪Ѩλ˵ڸңһж֮ˣ
ʮˡŮʵػش
ΧֻʮˣأҶʵ
ڣڿŮûѡ
ȻˡҶһʵһмλؾǿߣ
ŮĿһԸشӡ
ҶһЦвҪǲʵشĻҾͽֻ۵ĴӸ
Ůһһ£æ֧֧ػشУλ
ŮӵĻشƺҲҶ֮У룬ʵһλǵؾڣһλأ
УڡŮӻش
ҵôһʵҶڵ
³׵֣ҪͽֶԸλؾǿ߻Щģ˵Էһ壬ռһСǵʵӵмʲôҲ
һ֮ҶٴŮʵʯԶ
ͣڶǣɽ¡Ůӻش
Ůӿеɽ˵ҲԶ﷢㶯ǱߺܿԲõһ֮ڸҪݵʱڣɱλؾǰǿƺҲ̫ܣҲ˵ƵļƲвͨġ
ȥʯȳȻٴӳɡ뵽⣬ҶŮһ㣬Ůӱ˹ȥ
ΪˮҶֽԡͰ̧˳˵ϡ
뿪֮ǰҶþ̽⵽ʯλãѺɽµµһСɽſţ˶ֻлƾΪ
ҶѸⶨӪʯļƻԼ·ߡΪ˾ˣľݸĴ͵͵ƹȥֻҪ±ߣǾûʲôˡ
룬ҶϽ뿪ľݣܻص֮ǰƬľԡ
ƬľԵƬԼаף֮䲢ûĲľڻΪмøһ·뿪ɽȵͨ
ʱ·ֵأȻΪߣǵλʮۣǽǻˣֵľΧЩ˵ᷢ֡
ҪǰǿſԶݵصӴͷˡҶź


213 
ʱ򣬺󷽴ͻȻһϸ΢ĸO@Ҷͷһȴӷ͵͵Ǳй
ֵܣôˣҶӭȥСʵ
ҶֵܣҿôûԾӷɻش
ûΪױģǸϽȥɡҶѵ
Ҷֵܣʲô𣿡ӷɺʵ
ԷλؾǿߣǿгȥˣǷ̫ˣҲֻ취͵͵ȥҶ˵
ӷ룬Ҷֵܣǽ䱸ɭϣҪȥ²ףҪҺ㶯֧һˣȻǱȥʯͷ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ô˼ƿУǵǺðɣһ׷Ǿʹ·ܣ֮ǰĵطϡ
ţҶֵܣʯͷͰˡӷøмͿ˵
İɣһᾡģҲСĵ㡣Ҷӷɼ򣬶
ӷɵ˵ͷȻתɽϱȥ
صɽʰһʯͷɽЩľȥ
أ
ʯͷҲ֪ʲôһ졣
ЩֵصѾӷæҵĹӣб¾ץҰ
ɽϣ
ɽ׷˴ӹȿ׷
ܿ죬һʮ˴ӹȿڴ׷˳ȥͬʱ˳ɽ׷ȥһھûʣˣֵɽȿڵԾɼŸλ
ҶɢΧһɨˣȡö룬ڹȿڵӣϵĲݴ
ЩҶܽĴ֣ǵ¿
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Ҫ˵ߣ˵ȡ衣Ҷ̩Ȼػش
۾һУǰϸһܲ򵥣վ£ܱ򶨣ЩսǿҲδ
ҵǹƥҾˣѲ㵱ΪҺ۸𣿡ɫǰСʱôز¶չҲֻǸʮС꣬һ˴뱲ӵͷӣȻСǰʾ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵ν߱£粽Уһͳлֽʵվǻһϡ
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Ҷ˰֣ЦͷҲ̫ˣ㿴ҿֹʲôҲûô˼ء
ɾɲˡ˵һ˦֮кȻֳһɫޡ
Ҷһ۱ϳһ
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ȻҶ˵ǣǰһսȻǲɱġ
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û߷𹥻Ҷȳ֣öּȥ
߷ӦʮݣҶ춪˲䣬Ѿ̧ǰһ
öͬʱڡ֮ۡ£ö뱻
ҶȻҲЩܶ߹˺ĿģҲֻΪԼȡֵʱ䡣
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ҶֵܣͱˣϽ߰ɡʯȰ
ҶûʯȰ˵ߵͬʱѾ˰ȭľ׼ǰйȭͷȻ߷ջȥ
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۳ΪһСȭͷڵͷϮȥ
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޻֮ʷ죬ͬʱˣӲĽܵİɢֺݺݵسֻȭͷϡ
䣡
ײ˲䣬ǻҩըһ㣬һȭͷͬʱҲŰеĿ񱩰Ƶõ
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ҶԾǣԷĳ˦ͻȻ쳤գ֮Ϯͷײϡ
أ
ײ£һɫһ䣬ΪԼһ޵һؾڵԵֵ
ѵСӵеؾΪоɡ
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һֵָâҶָ⼤һһ㣬գŤǰУһᡱ
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ۿҪߵԴɾؼʱ̣һʯӴӲ漱Ϯû롣
Ҷüͷһ壬ŤͷʯϮķȥֻһλ׷ԲԵ߲˹
֮ǰǸԡŮ˵ӵеؾΪƺŲڲõӣԼҪ΢ѷ֡
ǸոöֵĻԸλ׷ͷλؾǿߣҶʵûʲôġ


214 ȳ
׷ߵǰͣ˽ŲҶһȦԵЩء
ҵҲ㵽ˣãСүҾһˡʵжԷװǻƻǺбҪģܹŻŻԷû׼ԷһԲо͸סˡ
Ҷû뵽ǣԷƺԲˣֻǰ׷߾ȻһЦ޵СֵΪ
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׷߰˰֣ѵ˵Ȼʲô壬֮ҲСĻͬЦ
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СӸҶʲôϵأ߲ʵ
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ԣǻΪãȻң綼ֺ뵣պ󱨸ء˵꣬׷߱㱳˫תȥ
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ȻôңǾ˳һ˰ɣ˵ţҶһ˦׳һö룬ԾûüͱУ˲赹ڵء
ʣӷõļһŵûɢһҶǻæɿȻȥ
ҶҲߵԾǰһץԾ죬ӥץСƵģӵ
ӷ󣬿첽ʯ˹ȥʯ˺ۣ˶ʳʶ̣òġ
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ܶ÷Ĳ˾㣬㶼ȥЩǼƵ굱ʦˡҶĵؿֱѶ÷ÿֱЦ
ԱҶͦԲĹĵĶɳ
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ѾͷʦҺæģһ֪档ҶҶСαǣ˵
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Ҷε̾˿ȰѾͷʦкܶ๤Ҫʱ棬͹ԹԴڼɡʣܿ̿ʦֽ׹Ļò˶þͿԳΪʦһ쾳ǿˡ
˼ҲΪʲô쾳ǿ˼ֻʦһ𡣡Ҷ˵
ðɣʦִȥ߰ɣʦҪæɲҪ֪𣿡Ҷ첻ĵض
ţʦáҶصԴһϲõӡ
ҶЦҶԴ˵ˣطȥɡ
ʦ֣˼Ҫ˯Ҷ


215 
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ҶС졣
ԣطΪﵽ쾳ʦ־ʵһԸԸѾͷҶҲַֻʽյˡ
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Ҷʱ񺹣æѾͷԸҲ̫ˣҪһ򵥵ģժǣֻȥʲôġ
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ʦ֣㵽Ǵ𲻴Ӧ˼Ҷ׷ʵ
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ҶҶ˵ǽ͹ԹԻطȥɡ
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Ҷ콫ʯһڣյļһԺ󻹸Եġ
СҶĻһ㣬С۾ﾹ⡣
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ǵȻ϶Ļش
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ϴ֮Ҷȡ˼ʯ˴£ٿ̱˯㣬Ҳûȥŵسţ¥
ʱ򣬿Ȼһɳϡ
ҶǰȥѾͷһӣʵʲôأô񡣡
ȻȻûע⵽ҶͻȻҶһ˲عҶ磬㣬ʲôʱأ
ҶһգЦʵò۾ڴ˯ɣ
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ǲʲôأҶʵ
Ȼ̧ͷҶ쿴һۣȻֵͷ˵Ҷ磬ңҪˡ
Ҷһ㶣æʵߣҪȥأ
ؼҡȻش
أҶʶദôãԼѾͷ鼸ûκ˽⣬סģЩʲô˶֪Щ
Ȼ˼Ƭ̣شںԶĵط
ԶжԶأҶɻʵ
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ҶҲϸ׷ǹĵʵǲǼʲôأ
Ȼҡҡͷ˵үүһȥġ
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𣿡ȻһϲϵϲɫȥУүүҴ˻ȥġ
ҶĨĨʵȥأ


216 н
ȻҡҡͷҲ֪ţֿ϶ػشһģҶ磬ǧҡ
ǺǣôأֻҪ㲻˾ˡҶЦ
Ҷ磬һġȻ϶˵
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ȻˡҶ˵űȻ£§뻳С
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ڼһ죬ѾͷѾûˣһţǷųӵСһ㣬Եûޱȡ
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ֻսţСǿһˣڴӴСǿԻһ涵Ůӡ
Ůӿм죬Ҷת˼ȦܿϴָȥѪǰϳưҳӵʱѪǰЩھưſڵϷŮˣʱλϷ©羰ŮˣǰŮӡ
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217 
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ϳֻֻһ橴ĵ绰
ϴѧʦѧԺ


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橣ôأﺬ⣬һӡ
С̫ģѧУҿҲһŻѡḧı
ǮƣƽʱѧУҲŰ裬ʲô¶óġһ뵽Щˮ̲סĹ
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ŮеʦѧԺѧǽигƽʱѧУйٶļӣʦҲҪ֡
ʦѧԺѾһĳǳĻӣһһһ˦һѧԺＸƯỤ̊ˡҪĸŮҾܾͻʹֶαܵŮǰݣǸŭԡ
ڲǰѪؿ񣬼ҪŮѣܾǣϣͨ뺣˵Уݿ˷䣬ҪȥĻ˵ּˡ
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Ůһ·СܣڿҪܵУſڵʱȴɵײϼ
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218 
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緹û԰ɣҶŮʵ
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220 
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224 
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225 
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233 
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ʲô飿ҶЩ˼飬ϸһ룬ȴҲܹ׹ĸ׼ȼƲĹ˾ȻҪŽŮ޳ȥˡ
ǰϽ취ɡѩ˵
Ҷ̾˿ε˵ϴѾȥѧУҹˣҵĻҲȥԣҲûá
ؽҺһڿΣȻҲ֪˵ЩʲôҾ֮ǲʲôأϴװѳϯһֱܺãϲӦǡ
ǣҵİæҲ֪ﵽôġ
Ҳ취ֹⳡҪȻ˻飬һпɾˡѩ
취ɣں͵صöŷҰɡҶԸ
ţȹˣһҪ취ֹŶѩ
˵绰Ҷپͷϴμװѵ˵ùȥֹɾеˣѲҲʫǴһȥף
Ҷ˼ŶԲߵʱ򣬺ѩѶŷ˹
һʮ֮󣬵صڶá
Үϵǰףƺ̫ðɣҶֹ
ɾʱֻܷ
ս绰ܷ𣺡ҶֵܣϺݳ˵£ܵ鷳һˡ
ŶʲôҲ޷أҶʵ
ղŵһ֮ˣΪԱһìܣڵһҺ;ָǶѾϵ˵ֻЩҲ֪δǺáܷ˵
ѲҲǵĶ֣ҶЩɣô˵ܷӵΪ˵ؾǿߣҪȻӦ
ʵȷʵǣֻҲ٣ӦĳּɵĵӣҾô»ǵƴòĳЩܷ
ܷ˵ҶȻҲͬϾĿǰ˲ŸոճѾУˣԺ·ɾ͸ˡ
ǺðɣȾҪͶԷͻϹ
˵绰Ҷţ򺣵Ϻʻȥ
һ·ɳۣܿϺݡ
ߵſڣҶﴫŮжϣŮӦóò
Ҷ첽߽ա
ʱΧһȦֵˣȺΧȦվˣһܷΪ׵ˣȫڳһһʮŮΪ׵ˡ
ҲΪʵܷҪһأȴһ޿ֵӣرӦŲСĺ̨
첻СͷϴСĲݡŮ˫ֱǰһ̬߰
òŮȷʵò۲۵ŮһöֻԸЩĳŴɵǧС֮
ҵȶˣαΪС˺أҪ¸Ǹǽڱȫ⣬͵Ǹ㿴أܷͿŮ˵
ŮͲò˵УСͷϴҪȻҸǺÿġ
ܷ˵ʲôǡÿҶæӭȥظ˵Ҷֵܣˡ
ֵܣòǿѾͷƯ²СְɡҶܷ٩
ܷһЦ
ʱŮͻȻָҶıӽ㣬㣬㲻Ǹ޳ܵĻ쵰𣿡
ҶŮȥ˺üȦɻʵֽʶ𣿡
Ҷ첢ԼʶǰŮӶԷԼĳƺƺǱԼӡ
ѲĳĳĳĳʱĳĳأҵϷѾͷҶ˼ϾԼϷŮʵ̫࣬ҲܼǵСֻ£ôƯѾͷԼһǵòǡ
ߣ㵱ȻϵñСˣСȴϵ㡣ŮȻ˵ҶʲôƵġ
ҶǺһЦ˵˵ҲǣҶ쳤ôӢһŮ˿һ۶ĵġҲͰˣﻹҪְأ
ٳˣС޲ýʬΣйͷ֮ޡŮüŴ۾˵
ãҺ񲻼ǵøʲôޣ㲻ϴ˰ɣҶɻ
ǻɻұСҲϵãϴִϣñɵֶδҸ磬ҸĹھŮŭĿ
ִ᣿Ҷ콫ϴִнսĶֶһ飬ɵѲǸŽɵã
ûñС㣬㵹ùŮ˵˷ԸǼȥΧ
ϪһɲöԸҿǵȽɸ˵ɡһȰ˵ȻִϼʶҶʵˡ
һôûϢǸǹżҶϪһֳǣЩѵֻͷҶ쿴߷˵ǾɱСֶѵ㡣
ڹϪڿ׼֮ʱŽɵĽȺϪס֣
ŽɻϪ˷ܵӭȥָҶ죬Ž˵磬ã㿴Ҵϴ͵ϮǸ쵰
ŽɳҶ쿴ȥҶ죬ЩԾܿ췴ӦЦкҶֵܣû뵽ڴ㣬һᡣ
ڴֵܣǸľϲҶǺЦ
ŽɣҶ쵹ͦõģϴִϣս֮û˿ԹԣԿǸĴɷ
˾Ѽһ㣬˺Ϫˣ磬ôأӦúúýѵǡ
Ϫ񡣡Žغǵ
Ϫ˵ض˶ţ
ŽɸЦǸ˵СƢãظղŸλ˲鷳ɣڴλǡ
ҶڰЦǺǣֵˣôͦϲġ
ŽЦЦʵ֪ҶֵΪλڴ˵أ
ֵ֪⽭ҵĵ̡Ҷ˵
ԭˡŽɵ˵ͷ


234 ؾ
Ҳ㿪ЦҶ˵ۣɫ˵ҴҪĻǲ鷳
Ѿ߽ˣʲô鷳أҶ첻ʵ
źĵ˱㲻ʲô˵
Ŷ˵˵ĵ˵˭û׼һܰæءҶʵ
̫ĻøĵⰮµëҾͻߡ˵űվ¥ȥ
ðɺðɣҪʲôʱҪĻʱԻңҰﲻʲôæҲᾡġҶ˵
һ㶣ȴҲû˵ʲôֱ¥
ҶɳƬ̣Ҫطֻ𣬾ȻǺѩĵ绰Ҳ֪һΪ¡
绰
ѩǽܿ𣺡ιҶ죬Ҫ֪𣿡
ʲô飿ҶЩ˼飬ϸһ룬ȴҲܹ׹ĸ׼ȼƲĹ˾ȻҪŽŮ޳ȥˡ
ǰϽ취ɡѩ˵
Ҷ̾˿ε˵ϴѾȥѧУҹˣҵĻҲȥԣҲûá
ؽҺһڿΣȻҲ֪˵ЩʲôҾ֮ǲʲôأϴװѳϯһֱܺãϲӦǡ
ǣҵİæҲ֪ﵽôġ
Ҳ취ֹⳡҪȻ˻飬һпɾˡѩ
취ɣں͵صöŷҰɡҶԸ
ţȹˣһҪ취ֹŶѩ
˵绰Ҷپͷϴμװѵ˵ùȥֹɾеˣѲҲʫǴһȥף
Ҷ˼ŶԲߵʱ򣬺ѩѶŷ˹
һʮ֮󣬵صڶá
Үϵǰףƺ̫ðɣҶֹ
ɾʱֻܷ
ս绰ܷ𣺡ҶֵܣϺݳ˵£ܵ鷳һˡ
ŶʲôҲ޷أҶʵ
ղŵһ֮ˣΪԱһìܣڵһҺ;ָǶѾϵ˵ֻЩҲ֪δǺáܷ˵
ѲҲǵĶ֣ҶЩɣô˵ܷӵΪ˵ؾǿߣҪȻӦ
ʵȷʵǣֻҲ٣ӦĳּɵĵӣҾô»ǵƴòĳЩܷ
ܷ˵ҶȻҲͬϾĿǰ˲ŸոճѾУˣԺ·ɾ͸ˡ
ǺðɣȾҪͶԷͻϹ
˵绰Ҷţ򺣵Ϻʻȥ
һ·ɳۣܿϺݡ
ߵſڣҶﴫŮжϣŮӦóò
Ҷ첽߽ա
ʱΧһȦֵˣȺΧȦվˣһܷΪ׵ˣȫڳһһʮŮΪ׵ˡ
ҲΪʵܷҪһأȴһ޿ֵӣرӦŲСĺ̨
첻СͷϴСĲݡŮ˫ֱǰһ̬߰
òŮȷʵò۲۵ŮһöֻԸЩĳŴɵǧС֮
ҵȶˣαΪС˺أҪ¸Ǹǽڱȫ⣬͵Ǹ㿴أܷͿŮ˵
ŮͲò˵УСͷϴҪȻҸǺÿġ
ܷ˵ʲôǡÿҶæӭȥظ˵Ҷֵܣˡ
ֵܣòǿѾͷƯ²СְɡҶܷ٩
ܷһЦ
ʱŮͻȻָҶıӽ㣬㣬㲻Ǹ޳ܵĻ쵰𣿡
ҶŮȥ˺üȦɻʵֽʶ𣿡
Ҷ첢ԼʶǰŮӶԷԼĳƺƺǱԼӡ
ѲĳĳĳĳʱĳĳأҵϷѾͷҶ˼ϾԼϷŮʵ̫࣬ҲܼǵСֻ£ôƯѾͷԼһǵòǡ
ߣ㵱ȻϵñСˣСȴϵ㡣ŮȻ˵ҶʲôƵġ
ҶǺһЦ˵˵ҲǣҶ쳤ôӢһŮ˿һ۶ĵġҲͰˣﻹҪְأ
ٳˣС޲ýʬΣйͷ֮ޡŮüŴ۾˵
ãҺ񲻼ǵøʲôޣ㲻ϴ˰ɣҶɻ
ǻɻұСҲϵãϴִϣñɵֶδҸ磬ҸĹھŮŭĿ
ִ᣿Ҷ콫ϴִнսĶֶһ飬ɵѲǸŽɵã
ûñС㣬㵹ùŮ˵˷ԸǼȥΧ
ϪһɲöԸҿǵȽɸ˵ɡһȰ˵ȻִϼʶҶʵˡ
һôûϢǸǹżҶϪһֳǣЩѵֻͷҶ쿴߷˵ǾɱСֶѵ㡣
ڹϪڿ׼֮ʱŽɵĽȺϪס֣
ŽɻϪ˷ܵӭȥָҶ죬Ž˵磬ã㿴Ҵϴ͵ϮǸ쵰
ŽɳҶ쿴ȥҶ죬ЩԾܿ췴ӦЦкҶֵܣû뵽ڴ㣬һᡣ
ڴֵܣǸľϲҶǺЦ
ŽɣҶ쵹ͦõģϴִϣս֮û˿ԹԣԿǸĴɷ
˾Ѽһ㣬˺Ϫˣ磬ôأӦúúýѵǡ
Ϫ񡣡Žغǵ
Ϫ˵ض˶ţ
ŽɸЦǸ˵СƢãظղŸλ˲鷳ɣڴλǡ
ҶڰЦǺǣֵˣôͦϲġ
ŽЦЦʵ֪ҶֵΪλڴ˵أ
ֵ֪⽭ҵĵ̡Ҷ˵
ԭˡŽɵ˵ͷ


235 վ
ЩͷӵƤ湻ģȻԸһˣѵǾͲЦ𣿡˵䣬ҶĿһһɨѰֵ㡣˵սûʲôʤ㣬а˳֮ǰɱһˣϾԼӵŵؾΪټϾնǿҪɱһؾǰڶֻ׾ٵġ
ǵб֣Ϊʤ㣬Ҷѡϳ֡
ҵȽɱɽҰ̸֪Ц󷽡شЦҪͬ£һ涪
ÿܵͿûɱˡԱϣҶȻγϵĳ׵߾ٹͷֱע
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ڵϵĲʵ֧飬񱩵ĺڵȼ֮еâһꡱ졣
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Դϴϵ֮еϵѾ࣬ھû׻긨ҲѾԽ׵еһҲͲƻ׵Ч
һĻڵɫ䣬ֺǰ㾪׵ĹƣѼʶһеͬҲɫأΪԷһеһġ
ϽֹȷӦѵ˵ѾʩչƵڶʽǧңҶȥ
ڵҲӦ׷Ҷչơ
ȡޱעֱҶȥ
˹ϮʱҶһ˿Ц⣬ĳ׵ȻŷϷȥ
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ᣡ
ĳ޹ȵ޳ҶϣȻǴͭǽһ㣬ûܲ˿Ч
һĻɫ䣬ʱ˿̣ѾȥԷΪ
Ĺº˲䣬ҶһǾնȻͷײ
ۣϵգۼ׵ĹƼûκͣ͡
ţǡ䡱һϵȻը÷飬ѪŨѪϢ
ڵ˶ǿľϵĹҲһͣͣȴǲƵҶȥ
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ҶɹջصɲǣصĹѾɵƾ籩һ㣬ӿĴҶϡ
ЩƾĴҶһᡱ죬ǷűƵģײԶԶҪȱÿһײһȦȦЩһ𣬽ΧĿŤ
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һ£Ҷ챻ྡྷƵһվǺؽ˶ԷĹơ
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Լʮ꣬ӵеؾΪ鵥˵Ĳ˵һµվǰˡ
ڵ˶оһǰΪеĿ־壬ǿ־ĲҶΪ͡ĿǰĳɾͣٷμĻֽû赲ĽŲˡ
˱ɱɣ˵Ĺͬ
ûκε˲Լͬչ˹ơ
ոܹɱϣȫǳƣ£˵Ŀ񹥣ҶͷҲԵֵ
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Ƭ̳ɺغԥҶӶݵĵĳһơ
䣡
£ʯɢһĴӺȻǰҶȴӰ
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ȥ󶴡غһδ䣬ɽ³ȥҲԿеļȡ
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ǰͬʱҶҲڵصţǱȥ
ɽ֮УһƬڣû취бΪֻܽɢԪȥ֪Χ
ΪҶߵǱֱ·ߣ֮ǰִ
ҶͻȻʯ˳ɰһ
磬㣬ôʯͷĳأүһԾʵ
£Ҷûոǽ޹ؽҪ⣬żɽ˵Ȳ˵Щҵɱˡ
ʲôңô˵ҮպͷҲһˣܷȻ
ûѾɱˡҶ˵
ͷأүʵ
ϼһһģǼװ˳ˣֻΪ˽˵أȻӦϵضԸǡҶɱⰻȻӹһٺƱػͷʡ
ͿЩ˲Ծˣû뵽Ȼҵ߹ָȻ˵
ڲйߵʱ򣬻Ǿ취˵ذɡܷѵ
ˣѾɽˡҶüͷжݵ֣ԱȻû⣬Ҫ˰ȫȥ⼸̫ܡ
ģ˸ƴˡү˵űϰγǹ
ү˵磬Լ߰ɣùˡ֪Ҷһȫѵġ
Ҷü˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˵ǽʱǶҪǵĿǶԸҡû´ĻҲһǴնûץ֮ǰӦòɱǡҳȥ֮һ취ǵġ
磬㡣үϵ˵˵ֽǹصϡ
磬ֻҪһϺһġүᶨ
ûӾһҾָѾѺϣ磬ͷĵ߰ɡָȻ˵
ҶֵܣֵܷѺһˡܷЦҶļ򣬿ݲȵ飬վӡ


236 ľ
үѡǲġ϶˵
磬Ҳûʲôĵģ㾡ȥɡӷҲԥ˱Լ̬ȡ
Ҷɨһۣһ˫˫εһжֵǣǧң¾ʣһҲøҳš
˶Ǽᶨص˵ͷ
Ҷ첻˵ʲôֱ¶ȥ
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Сӣ·ƺʲô
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ûһ˿󲨶ص´Ŵ󡣡׻²
ص»ʲôأҿòǸо˰ɣҶɵ
㾡صǱȿһЩͿȷˡ׻Ը
ǺðɡҶӦһȻصǱȥ
Ǳ˴ʮ׵ӣҶɢܵԪҲһ˿Ĳ
СصƺʲôҶЩ˷ܵ˵ص»ʲôҲ˵
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˵᲻ʲôأҶڴʵ
֪ĻԼȥ͵ˡ
һһֻʥһһˡҶ쵣ǵȡϴεĽѵɲôʲôˡ
ٿһЩϸ֪һ׻Ը
ǣҶּ·Ǳȥ
صҶºƬ̣طس˿󶴣ţ̵
ЩɨһۣûҶӰɫʮѿ
ϣСƺѾˡɫʶҶʵЩĵˡ
Сӷβˣþ˲С
ϣСʵǿֻݵأҪɱ治סҮҲһǵӣ˵䣬Ŀܷɨбɿǲ׷Źͽġ
ϣЩնСϼ޻ؿžָһˣ˵Ҷ첻ʱΣա֮£ﻹܵô࣬ǶɨصķգҲòֶεĽҶ
ԥƬ̺󣬶Ȼ˵ͷͬҲֻôˣΪԷһǶȥɣʱֻҪСӸ̤ҴţȻн޳ǿǵҶΣϵʵ̫ߣҲŵʹıֶΡ
ⷬ󣬾ָ˶ǶҶ죬ҵĴӪͺñ̶ѨҶͨ챾죬ҲܴҰǾȳȥ
ָһ˱Ϊʸˡ
ʱҶѾǱصʮ󸽽
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Ҷûٿǿ׻ʵСܲʲô𣿡
˱ʶҲ޷̽⵽׻ش
Ƭ˼ҶֵطΣϵ̫ˣҿǵΪﵽ쾳֮ٽȥ̽հɡ
СӣǱϴֻСèˣ׻곰ЦеСèָȻֻʥޡ
ҶĨĨСʻ괬ҪʲôһǿɾͲһôˡʵϣҲȷʵǱϴε¸ˡ
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ɾҶת׼ȥʱһϤͻȻԺ
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ʱҶɫȻ䣬ȣǶԷʹԪķʽݹΣʮϤҶܿԺ뵽һˡ
ƬԥҶȻǱȥ
Ӵɲǣ˶ʱ˽ȥεĸо͸ϴһҶֻԴһѣ۾һƬ۵ӫ⡣
Ҷ۾У۾ӦɵùԲΪҰģȻһˮһ㾧Ө͸ǽڡ
ŤͷܻһȦ˷ǽھȻɫʯڳɣΪȷе˵ʮƽ׵СռӦһ޴ľʯογɵġ
ҶԾǣ˵ޱŨȻӪľ黷ǱǸʯȴҪŨü
СӣǸͦŨģǸĺõط׻˵
Сûо⸽Ԫ𣿡ҶʵոλʹԪԼԻģҲ˵߱ضԪ壬׻Ԫг̶ûɲߵĴڡ
Ԫ壿û׻ش
ǾˣոԪҽҶ
ô˵Ӧ״̬ڵģһ˵ʶֻܴ͸һ塣֮ڣѾϣԾû취ٴ͸ˣϴκǼһǵʶ״̬ڣԱܹõ׻͵
ԭˡҶͷ׹
Ҳٺ׻ģ˳Ҳһͨǰȥ
ռ䶼ɫʯογɣЩʯɢӫӫ⣬Χģһˮ
߹̵ͨǰһʮƽ׵Ŀӣȫɫʯ̶ɣȥƷһ㣬᲻ȥ
ɨһȦԿܶţ滹һǰͨɫʯ治һĴ
߽Ҷûټǰߣþ̽ߵķλ
ɾ׼ͷžʱһﴫߵˣɡ
ߵҶæȥȻ͸ӣȴ޷ڵľ
ߵǰҶСֽƿ°ˮŸŪƵġ
ƿ󣬳ǰһʮƽ׵С䣬Ȼһڷмһһ׸ߵˮԲ̨Բ̨һߡ
Ȼϴ̩ɽҶ쵤ҩλߣҲǹŽҪҵˣݹᾣһӡ
û뵽λǰȻص£ѹֹŽҲҶţǹ˵Ҷǰոֻ䷢˴˵أд֮ǰ¡
۾Ҷ쿴ȥõͻ˵ˣû뵽ôͼˣԵݿ治ǳ
ǰȻһϳϴʩչ֮δǰ۾ҶЦֵϴǰ˹صĵҩûܺúлʵЩ
ؿղ˵ҵԵݣֻ˵ע˵
֪ǰγƺҶʵ
գľ߻ش


237 
ѵľǰ׼ҵӣҶʵһ˵ֻ׼ҵӲŻȡʲô
ȷʵйôһξľһп˵
ԭҶ˵ͷʵľǰطΪλŨأ
ǰЩɫʯǼΪϡ龧ľ˵
龧Ҷ컹û˵ⶫ
ͨ׵ؽ龧ǴʯΪʯʣԳΪ͸״̬龧̺ŨҪԶʤʯΪŨ̫ߣ޷ʯһõش洢Щ龧ֻڵصʮ֮¡һ˵رʯĻصͻ龧龧ֱӾʯĹģľϸؽ
ô˵رЩʯΪصЩ龧ӷγɵģҶԵЩԾ
Ҳô⡣ľͷ˵
Ϊδ˵龧˷񣬿ɵرʯȴǰƶأҶ첻ʵ˵˵ӵ˴ģ龧رӦҲһģǡ
ոҲˣﲼһӴ󡣡ľ͵
ѵ˵ֹĻӷԲŵϷʯʧȥԴƶ񤡣ҶƺЩ׹ͬʱ뵽ѹָղ׻ʶ޷ڵ
ȷʵˡľش
ľǰ㲼õ𣿡ҶȻѧоҲ֪Ҫص֮²һ˴͵Բ׵¡
ľҡҡͷ˵û͡
ôأҶɻ
ľشһλãռҲģҪ뿪Žıء
λһˣصӴĹ̡ҶһߴܵĻһ߾̾
ҲɣˣȻѾô˵ҲתˡľͻȻ˵
תתңľǰңûɣҶһʵ
ûԺ͹ˣλҲ˼ľ˵
ҶԽԽԺ˵ľǰ˵ôϵһһ㡣
Ҳɣվģ첻˵سҲġľɫ˵
Ȼľǰô˵Ҳ͹ˡҶҲʲôļһϵڱĺ£в֮
ţľʵˣ֪֮ǷȤ
֮Ҷܿ뵽ľǸרŷҩļһӦǸʦôԼʮа˾ҪԼ֮ˡ
ȻѲ²⵽һ㣬Ҷ컹ʾԵʵѵľǰԸ⴫֮𣿡
ľû˵ֻ˵ͷ
ԭҶ컹ΪҩҪþ·ڿľ˵Ҫ֮ȼü֮
ǻҩҩʱۺƷҪء
ľǰѵкַܶ𣿡Ҷɻ
ûҲǷϵģͬϵʽͬɹʺҩƷҲȫͬľ˵
ǿľǰʲôϵأҶʵ
ϵӲҪֵĻҲɢɰɡľش
Ҷ˵ͷǾǰͽˡ
ľ֮ǰĴҪ֮⣬ҲһӰ죬絤¯ѡ񣬻ߵΪĵƷʺ䷽
ľǰѵⵤ¯Ҳкû֮𣿡ҶЩɻٺٲҲ͸񣬳װ֮⣬Ҳͱˡ
ľϸĵؽ͵¯ҲƷֵ֮ģƷɸߵͷΪʡϵȡеȡµĸȽס¯ĺûһ̶Ӱ쵽ĳɹʺ͵ҩƷʣȻЩڸֻΪֲĲ㣬ֻҪӲʹƷ¯ҲܹƳϺõҩ
ô˵ͬĵҩ֮ҲƷֵ֮ˣǰʦʱҲԹٵҩҶȴ֪ⵤҩҲƷ֮֡
ҩ͵¯һƷʷΪƷɸߵ׷ֱǣƷƷƷƷƷԽȻҩЧǿľ͵
ľǰǻƷǲҲӰ쵽ҩƷأҶʵ
ľҡҡͷ˵нͬʹõǷ𣬶нʹõ𡣡
ҪӺζأҶʵ
ۺεƷʵ¯ǻϵֻע¯Ȼ𡣡ľش
Ҷ׹ͺñԼѳ׵ֻҪעܼеĻϵ棬¯Ҳһ
ȻĻ¯ļֵӦʮְɣҲֻеؾΪϲʹ¯ˡ
¯ļ۸Զһ㱦Ҳ˵ʦΪڵؾϵǿߡľ˵
ôľǰ¯أеɵҶûǺбҪģҪȻѧû¯Ҳǰ״
ͽ׻϶е¯ۡ
ϴִôû¯أҶɻ
ֻСģĽ׻ˣҾֻһЩͽʿ룬Ȼ¯ˡ
ǻСͣѵи͵ģҶʵϴĽ׻ĹģѾʢˡ
ľɫ˵ֽڿ򵥣ȷе˵ڻ硣
磿ľǰڽ絽أҶʵ
Լһȥ̽ɡľ˵
ҶҲû׷ʣţľ㽫֮
ҽһעصĲ֪ʶʵ顣
Ҷר־ţȫѧ֮УѾȴʱ䣬ȴҡ
֮
ܹҲֻЩˣҪԼ˵ţľִһȡһ¾ɵ鼮һֻƴСĵ¯Ҷ죬˵Ȿ鼮Ÿ൤ҩ䷽Ʋ裬һЩ̸֮ЩǶطмǲҪ⴫ֻ¯ֻµƷʣѧӦý̤ʵأصӰ죬Ҳֻѧտļ
ǰ̻塣Ҷ˫ֹؽ鼮͵¯
ľֽʾտʼֵʱ򣬿ȥҩһЩͼģһЩͨҩ
ǡҶӦȻɻʵľǰطѵÿζҪݵؽ𣿡
Ȼǣɡľ˵űվȥҶϡ
ڿľĴ£Ҷص˸ղŽʱǼС䡣
ľ˵ֱӳҲǽȥ˱ûǽ֮Уʧ
Ҷ׹ҲǽȥԴһѣΧĻѾ仯


238 Ӫ
һƬƫƧɽȣһ͵£ΧҲǸʵĴɽɽﳤϥߵӲݺ͸ʽľ
Ҷ»ˣľӰ뺰Уȴ˿ľ콫˹ҲˣŬɣгһձػм޵νи㡣
ȻľѾˣԪġ
ǰûʲôܱģֻͷԱл⡣Ҷ˵űڵأͷ
ľƺѾԶԺҲ֪ûлټ
ڿľͻȻȥҶЩССźΪδľ⣬ϴǿŵҩ£̩ɽǸɽ£ȻйŽиԼ¡
Ҷվź̾˿ֻͷǵ¿ȥȻ±ڣͺ̩ɽǿɽһ
Ҷߵǰȥָ±ڵɲǣ˱㱻˽ȥ
ٴλصص׵龧ңҶ콫з䶼ĦһƬռﹲʮ䷿ģдСȫǿյġ
Ƭ̺뿪ңصɽС
ɽȵͨȥҶܿҵ˾סƬɽȡ
ҶǱɽȺȴ֣ɽѾȥ¥գֻһյľݡ
Ҳ֪ЩԼԾ;ټǨˣǶȥҡ
ָҲһץȥҡҶüͷ˵ϴṩϢٴλ쾳ǿߣҪǱҾˣ⼸ܡ
ãҶ찵˾ţѸ뿪ɽȡ
صȥҾƵ˹Žһˡ
ҶֵܣңĪҵλǰˣһҶ죬Žɱ˷ܵʵ
Ҷ̾˿Ǹȷʵûüἰֵܵ£ˣѾ뿪ꡣ
ҶĻŽһźǸм˵Ҷ첻λǰһײβûסҲ֮еģΣǵøлҶֵܵİæ
ʲôæҲûϣֵлңҿҪˡҶεЦЦֵԹֵܵʵδ̤ؾҪԸһؾڶ֣ӦûǴʤġ
Ը˰ɡŽεص˵ͷ
ҶЦЦ˵ֵѵ˽꣬Ҫ¶漸գԺҾһ֮ꡣ
ŽҡҡͷлҶֵܵˣũؾڼҵûȥú׼׼ԾͲˣ´лĻٵŰݷá
ȻˣҲͲˣ´ιɵ֪ͨһҶ׵
û⣬ôҶֵԼȥæˣһȥʰʰˡ
ðɣֵܣˡ
ڡ
뿪ؾƵҶϽϻر
ص䣬ϵıȻֿȭسǰҡ
̾һƬɽ֮УڶһռһģӴʯ
ΪֽպյĴңƵʯȻֹһռŵʯһ㲻ɡ
ңҿɾͲǼСľˣҾͺñһʹڸ¥ñ鲼ʵӵдͷ
İ棬ҶòҵҵĴӪ
ʱǰʱ֣ҶûмǱң˳ΧǽһȦҵʵǱ㡣
Ҷƶϣλ쾳ǿӦӺɽ֮ɾˣҲ˿⣬Ͼ쾳ǿߵֻҪ˿ܲõ
ɫȫҶһݣ׸ߵΧǽϢǱ˽롣
֮ѡӴ˵Ǳ룬ΪλӽȥһƬ֣ҾɽԶ㱻˷֣ҲԼʱ
ƬֵǺܹ㣬֮Ҷûмжǽɢ̽ΧΡ
ƬȽƫƧԲ֮˼ԼҸԺûκ˽⣬ָ֪˱ʲôطĿѰҷʵ̫Ҷȴʡ
ȻΧˣ֣ܳԶһƽȥ
ܿƽǰͣ½Ųɢһɨӡ
⸽Ȼвٽû˾סеǲ񷿣еǷݡ
ڸת˰죬ڴһӵǰΪ꣬ҶһסӣקһƫƧĽ
˵ǶץЩ˹ģҶʵ
ңҲ֪Դҡš
֪ŻʲôãȥɡҶһͶ˵˵
Ͻ˵ˣʲôҶȵ
ͣڸۡǵһһɽµ˵
ҶҲܶԷ˵Ǽ٣ֱһƽΡ
⸮ۡǾ뱱ɽѾܽжȻᾪ쾳ǿߡ
Ҷûмȥȥץһҵһȷ˻شһºŶŶ汼ȥ
һ·ϣֽûҽɢ̫Զ¾쾳ǿߡ
СǱеۡǣҶ˸ƫƧĽȻɢΧ̽
Ƭɽݺᣬȴǲ࣬ڲԶһСһƲtĽͷûˡ
Ҷ콫ɢԶʱڲ̽˾ָһ˵ټѺڱһɽ
Ȼɽſ˿أ˶ֻΪΧû˴ڣⲻòҶɲΧû
˼Ƭ̺ȿɽһĴ㣬ȻѾ¾˴˵أȻȫ׼֪ǰǸ壬ҲҪһ
ȻΧûˣҲûٶزأɽȥ
ɽʮԶĵط㵽һʯͷٴνɢ
ɽһ֮ڳŵļһ֮⣬
νǹ׶㣬ѷ˵ΧŴĻҶ쵹а취Ӧ˶Ȼ벻ʲôԲ
Ƭ̺ҶҧˣҲһζѡ
ǣö룬˦ֱɽſڵȥ
ء֮£һѾ˵ϻȥ
ҶѸɽ
ΪɽûţֱӴ˽ȥ
磡үǼ
磬ôˡָ
ҹǡҶش
磬һ¾ͳȥˡү
ΧûˣֻҪץʱ䣬ҪӳȥϣġҶ˵
磬ҵ˼ǣɽˡⶴȻûţȴеǽû취߳ȥүǵ˵
ѵ󣿡Ҷüͷһ壬
˵ţ򶴿ȥȻߵλʱײεǽһ㣬Ӳص
ѹɽû˿أԭǲ󡣡Ҷ˵
磬ô죿ܷƽʵ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ʵҶû˰ɣ
Ƕû¡ָش
ҴǿнƿҳȥһֱܣֻܾˣҪҵ׷һ취סġҶ춣
磬ġүˬӦҲ׷ױʾͬ
Ҷ첻ٳɣ˿˫־ǰָ漴


239 
Ȼ֪󵽵жǿָҲ޷ݻ٣Ҳ޼ƿʩˡ
˶ᵽɤۣ֪Ҷܹͻǰϰӳɽ֮ǼǸδ֪
ĵ֮£ҶָѾ׼ɣ֣Ŷڷָȥ
ɲǼ䣬ָͼڣâ漴
ڽâڵɲǣڴĿռ䣬׹ʯӵĺһ㣬һƬ
Ȼâδͻ󣬶ͼֽһ˳Žâ·ǰ˲˶Ƭǽϡ
ͼڸǽ֮Ϻ󼱾ţգ֮ͱ鲼ڡ
âѸˣʧӰڴҲָ
Ҷ첽ǰһ̽ڵȻѱ
ߣͷһԼȳɽ
ָ˿첽˳ȥ
ӳɽҶɢһɨȻûˣҲû̫࣬˾ͳȥ
Ҷ췽űףȴײһǽڳ̫죬ײ֮·ءһ죬ҲõĻү
磬û°ɣүʵ
û£û뵽ͷһ󣬱뾡콫С
Ҷվӣ׼ٴʩչָɾʱ˷ͻȻյƣƬյ硣
磬ҵ׷ˡָź󷽾
˷׷׻ͷȥֻһȺˣΪ׵һ׷ߣȽỺ硣
ȻҶ޷ߵΪԿ϶һһλ쾳ǿߡ
ʵҲҶϣ峤򳤷磬쾳ǰǿߡ
򳤷󣬻һȺˡ
УءҮպλؾǿҲڳ
ߵҶ߰Զʱͣ˽Ų
ɱϵҶ죿򳤷ɫ䣬鵭Ȼʵ
ûͷȷʵǱɱģȷе˵ǱġҶʵʵسϵ
峤Сȷʵƻ׵ı죬Ĺĺܡ˵
ȻϷ˵ֻǸʮˣǴʱһǾ̾ѡɾͣʵ˿ţҵֻһ˴ҾˣݵʶֵðɱҳȣҵԸύῡš򳤷̾
ͷӣȻôңǲǻΪѰɡ룬ϷѾˣɱҲֺαִأҶȰ
ɱ˳СӣǱɵġطȻ˵
򳤷ֽ˵ĻûҶԹΪ˵Ѫ𡣡
ӶԷⷬҪ뿪Ҽǲܵˡ
峤СӻúܣǵƻףݵǱУҿǾ콫ɱΪáڻ̻̲ѵ
ߣҪٸӵĻЩ˵СɾѱˡҶв
ָ˵ɫʮѿ
磬㻹Լ߰ɣˡָȰ
ǰҶֵܣЩ˼Ȼʹ˱ɵļҲʲô֮ʿ㲻ߣҲŹǵġܷʮ侲Ȱ˵
ȷʵʲô֮ӦûõġҶһݵؿ򳤷硣
ͷҶ˵һ죬ҺôҲɣҶΣյĵˣҲ˵ز
򳤷ЦЦ˵Ϸ֮ǰԣҶԹǵĵ㣬ֻҪܹԹȻ˼޹֮ˡ
仰͹ˣ½Ҷһһһ˵ֻҪǣҸԸǴáҶɫ˵˵֮ǰѾ㵽һ
СӣΪҲ֪С̣ҿһĥŵǽǷ֮ԼݵܡΪز²
ҶĨ˰ѺȻô룬˵ˣ㲻ҪС֮ĶȾ֮Ҷɲһ
Сӣͷ˻Ӳŭȵ
ͷ˶бͳҵҶĵس˳һȫ״̬
㣡ȴҲȥҶ쵥ִϣԷеؾΪƴ൱£еؾΪϲǶ֡
ˣϷ֪ƷΣȻңһж˵㣬ģϷԻЩߡĵ˵
磬ǺԣǸϽ߰ɣɽڣûգʣгһһΪǱѩ޵ġүȰ
ǰ磬㻹ǿ߰ɣҪνӷҲȰ
Ҷͷɨһۣ΢΢һЦ˵ûôأĺˣˣǸĻҲûãþԻӹ˽١˵ţҶߵүǰɫ˵ɥڴ˵ĻҪұֻҪʬؽ꣬úðͿˡ
үɫ΢΢һ䣬һ˼ؿҶ죬ɫصĵ˵ͷ
Ҷͷ򳤷翴ȥʵһڲ̵ʬΰɣ
ϷǸܣǾ͸ȫʬɡ򳤷Ӧ
ڵȻûʲôǵĿֻҶôҲͲˡ
磬ҪһǸƴˡүڳһͶԷƴļʽ
Ҷڰ֣ȻȻ磬һо˵
ϻͱϹˡүǰүȥ
Ҷ򳤷ȥ˵Ѿ׼ˣְܳɡ
ãϷƽУϴˢ֮裬ģϷһ֮ڽκʹġ򳤷˵űǰʩչƵһʽļʽ
򳤷粢ĳƾķʽʩչԶ̴Ƭ̺󣬱Ҷ˳ȥȻҪʩչ빥
򳤷Ƽ죬գ֮ҶǰһӾҶؿȥ
򳤷һƿʵ޻Ͽ˿ڵĳ棬ȻµҶȴǸоһޱȺ嫵ƾϮ
쾳ǿߵʵ𣿾ʩչֻδ̺ȴԶԶԽʩչǧң쾳ؾ֮ʵࡣ
Ҷûʩչκηȫ֮С
أ
ûκ򳤷ƽʵʵĴҶؿڡ
ײ֮£һѪɫƾҶ챳ϮţҶҲ֮ɳȥڿһƬѪصײںǵǽϣ֮һغ
硣
˶ʹҶ˹ȥڵȴǴһȥҶУͺñǰȥͷһ̡
ҴѵñԵ֮ǰԼǴʬ߰ɡ򳤷˻֡
ɾھָ˽Ҷʬ̧ʱҮǰ򳤷˵峤ȺеЩڣԡ
Үδԣ򳤷Ȼ˼ǿڵûκθϵ˵žֱתȥ


240 
Ȼ򳤷綼ô˵ˣҮȻûʲôù˼ɵˣתȺܷȥЦҵĺֶҵʵ˵ҸôǺأ
Ҫɱɱֻܷδ游ױô𡣡ܷҮգﾡ֮ɫ
ɱǣǱˡǰϱҶСɱˣҶСܸôȥʦҮЦ˵
Ǹƴˡү˵űȭҪҮճȥ
ֽܷҺ֮˽˶Թǲ֡
㱻ߡָҲĵ
ǻĻǾͲΥҵܷȻ˵ţָȥָߺ˵ˣҶֵߣϣ·ϼȥ
ָ֣صص˵ͷ
ܷź̾˿תҮȥϡ
ߵҮոǰҮǿ˿Ȼ˵ʵʵ߰ɡ
ܷҮյʵûκηԹԸҮźڰȥ
Үߺָ˹ȥɨһۺ󣬿ӷ˵ƺҲЩԹɣ
ͷɱ̫үŭȵǲϵǹѱսɣͰγǹһˡ
ϻ졣үȵ²СĵЩСˣʱ˶߲ˣҶԸҲ޷ˡ
ҲĻȻǲġүۿȥ
ӷæǰ˵֮ĶԹǵ¡
ʶ࣬ߡ
ĺ¾ͽˡӷָе
ֵܣס˵һ仰¾ʣһҲóšүɫ˵
ӷɵ˵ͷžͱ˸ˡ
˶ˣΧĵҲϨˣڰ֮оֻʣ¾ָүүˣҶʬ塣
ϴڸô죿үָʵ
ȴʬȥ˵ɡָȻ˵
ǣ˱̧Ҷʬ壬뿪ҡ
ɽ֮һ·Уһɽº̧ҶʬһɽС
ϴ󡢻үʬ°ɡүͻȻ˵
Ϻòʬ嶪ɣүЩ˵ʵ
Ϻ綼Ϊ˾ǶɥģӦȥᡣָҲЩ˵
үæ͵ˣ˼Ƚʬ°ɣȻͻˡ
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˽Ҷº󣬺үӣҶ˵磬Ѿȫˡ
үҶʬ˵үָȥʵϴϺòɵ˰ɣ
үúգûȾָ˵ʲôҶʬͻȻһƬâţ˿ڴѪҺŲȻγһ޴ͼڳ֮ѸҶʧӰ
âɢɽлָһƬڣɾʱҶȻһӵ
֮ǰҶѾôүһУǿҶĸүǳԾС
ڲ֪ĻľָȻһүŵùڵأͣؿͷϴ죬磬֪ˣǲýʬ嶪£ģңһὫúúģͰϢɣթʬˡ
үӣҶ̲Ц
죬磬ѵ㣬ûָϲ
үһæ̧ͷһȻСʵ磬㣬ⲻթʬ𣿡
ҶͣסЦүȥЦȻթʬˣֵܺӷǶˣôðأ
үŵһæ˵磬ģһ취ǳģ㣬Ͱ·ɡ
ϻͱɵˣûڸ㿪ЦءүЦѵ
棬ļٵģүЩġ
ǺǣȻģ˵ĺͼҵûɣôôȥأҶĻүļ˵
ǣ̫ˣ磬ǸϽȥǰɡүϲ
¼ãǲ֪ҮյȥҿȻؽ꣬Ȼٴӳ顣ү
ҶͷͬûҪǲ֪һţҪȻһƿɾͰװˡ
磬û𣿡ָЩĵʵ
ȻǱסˣȷʵҲ˲СӰ죬ȴϷһɡ˵ţҶϥ𣬽Ԫ֮С
ս׻ıŭСӣ㵽ô£ö˶˵ôˣ
Ҷε̾˿˵ȲѣΪ𣿲εȷʵûǰôˡ֪Ĵϵһξζ֮ΪҪεʧǲɹġ
׻߷˵㵹ͦνӣ֪ξɶӰ𣿡
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˳˵ٶȽһ롣׻ʵ֮
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˼λ쵼һá
Ѿ֪ܷ˵飬ҶʵҶֵܣʲôƻ𣿡
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СǿټʮȽܸɵСܿǹҶ
ҴɽµµǸɽ
ӷɡʯڴ˴ֽŶš
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ô㿴۲ҲԱˣǺãҾͳȫ㣡˵ߵʯǰ
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ģõĻҲŹġӷҧгݵغȵ
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ͷѾۼǶ棬ָΪ׵һȺǹСųǹָˡ
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ߣŸ˵ɣͷǱɵģǵĺˣǾͿҵˡ˵ʵҶɱڵĳ嶯µ˲صĴִۣۣٱҲԳġ
˵ĻҲֻֿܷˡɫ
Ҷתһ룬һȭһֱûҵ֣ҾȭһȣҪӮĻҾͷˡ
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ȭȻ۳һʵʵɫͷȭޱߵƣ·˺һ㣬ز仹ŷŭĻ
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ҵı֮𣬿񱩵ĴɢԶԹ۵˶Ƶˡ
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ڳɹȭĵʽȻһʱӰѾ˳
ʽҶֱˣΪ֮ǰʽʽ뾪նƥУǾȻġ


242 
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䣡
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˵ˣҲŮˣҪǲţʱڴȻ֪ˡɫͨ죬һֻ⣬ȷʵͦ˵ġ
һǲôİͷ˵ĻȵģĵԽԽˣӤȵĻǳģĵԽԽˣǼµĻ˹ҵģĵĵԽԽˣĻӦٵģĵļԽԽˣǲĤҲԶˡҶҡͷ̾Ϣ
ģºߺһȻ˵ԡ
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ðɣǾȴ°ɡ˵ţҶӿڴͳԼĽ𿨺ʯſǰ˵ʯתҵĽɡ
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ûҵĿҶʵش
͵ģ»ɵɲһὫôҪĿŪŻǶԷ͵ġ


243 ҩ
ҶĨĨ˵ҶȻǸС͵ר͵ŮģһŲ͵
ǴأѲɻǼģɻ
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ϴֻһס
ǺðɣףֻҪҰʯתҾͰԼĴ֮׸㣬ôҶʵ
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ô˵ҲϲˣҶЦ
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ҶٺһЦ˵ĺˣǺܽõģҪ㷢ָҲǴĻһʮʮΡ
ǻǱ㣡·˷ۡ
Ҷ潲ôԲӣŮ֮ǻӯ֮£ҪϸĻӦŮǣۻظɣŮ˾ܣô˵Ҳ˳Կ
Ͳ˵ЩǳЩĻ⡣ߵ
ǺðɣٻصãҪܲŰתأҶʵ
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ְҵʵ⣬ҹϵٺҲûá¼ƴǵ
˵ʲôְҵʣһǿźڿתˣ֪Է͵ģҲܾɣ˵޷ǾΪǮֶε׬Ǯ͵˵ЩѣѾûʸ̸ʲôְҵˡҶ
±˵һʵҲҶ˵ʯеԼ¢ϵλѣƾһԱϺͷˣֵطϰ࣬ﻹʲôְҵʡ
ԷԶԣҶչǮƣҪɣæٸһ͡ѾŲ⿨ʯҲͶߵģǮ׬ײ׬ɵˡ
Ҷô˵ЩĶԥƬ̺ĵʵѾ𣿡
⻹Ѳ㻹ΪſǼ͵ģ룬⿨ɴʯƲҪĶôܻˣֻ߱͵أҶѵ
ԽˣҶּӴƣûܼƬ̾ͱˣǺðɣ룬ҪȻҾ군ˡܺҲûʲôôҲһЩ
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ҪҺ벻ΪܹϵΪҲ֪С˼ҶؽҴ
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ҪҵĻʱԹҶͷЦ
ҽ飬ҿɲˣԣһǴְˡ˵
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ллˡ¸мϾͨнײ˵ѾǸˡ
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Էߺ죬Ҳһ˿ϲõЦ⡣
ҾˣʲôʱˣʱԴҵ绰仰Ҷ㱧ʯˡ
ڻؼ֮ǰҶһҴҩһЩͨҩҩġ
Сҩ𣿡սҩ꣬һλͷҶк
ţҶ˵ͷߵ˹̨ǰֱʵϰ壬а㡢ױҶݹҶҶЩҩ𣿡ʵ⼸ζҩĶǺġ
ͷЩɵۣСӣ˵ҩг˰֮⣬඼Щҩģгһ򵽵ġ
ͷĻҶźȻҲϵЩϡҩҩһǺ򵽵ġ
˼Ƭ̺һЩͨҩ֣ʵʯѪе𣿡
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šõҿҶ˵ȷЩҩĵݺƷʣȻ
ͷȻеɻ󣬵Ҷ˼ҩｫζҩĸȡһСѣֽŷڹ̨ϡ
ΪһҽҶЩҩȻϤˣԵƾӾжϳҩݺƷʡ
Ҷζҩ˿һСѪţʵѪҲһԺģǰЩɻѾɢ
һ˵һɼҪƴӻߺӽб棬ɾˣö֮ǻЩɢοǰЩҩɹɲҩҲɿ֦Ӳˡ
Ѫ߷ºҶ쿪˵ʮɡ
ʮʮСûɣͷС۾һ㵵ĿҶ죬ʵ
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ĲôģҶʵⶬĲҲһġ
198ԪÿˡͷشͬʱǵĿ⿴Ҷ죬ǼＸƵġ
õҿҶͬ˵
ͷȡ˼ڹ̨ϡ
֮ǰѪߣⶬĲݵĴҪǿһЩʱǲԡ
ȷ˶ĲݵŨȺҶ쿪˵20˰ɡ
͸ղŵʮ20ȷʵ΢20˶Ĳݵļ۸ȴǲơ
ţҶֹʮĺͼζģСһѣܹһǧԪ
ҶڸǮʱһͷ棬ӺͿž𣬽ŲƾɻƽЬ鼤˽ֲֻؽףֽʵʵţʲôƵġ


244 
װӦǸɽ񣬶ƺմɽӡ
ʱֻҶһλ˿ͣһۣȻߵҶһǰ̨һλԱСʵҰɽβ
գѲóԱ˵
ԥƬ̺ĥĥؽִӻ˳һøͷС˲Ρ
òΣԱԳԾæǾḻͷ˹
ͷϻϸƬ̣ҡҡͷ˵òθɫ׶ۣë϶˺ƴֲڣǳᣬȻǴɽΡ
˵ҴɽģôܲҰɽأҿǹ˵ǼٲΣȻҵͼ㡣Ӳ
ҿԺܸĸ㣬һֽεֲͨ볤ľ͸ܲһֵȴܲȲϣ˵ǵͼչңҲҪͷɫ˵
ߣƭˣҿΪҽҴ˹ƣԲ˵ǼٲΡ˵űｫһѶ˻
ȻţԼҩȥɡͷҲô
䣬Ȼͽףתȥ
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ҵȻ򣬲ŻҿġҶһ˵ţһ߳ȥ
һתȻͽ˳Ҷȥ
һĻͷѵСӣⳤ˲Σʵֻͨݸˣɱϵˡ
ͷĳ죬ҪٸڮҵĲΣҲˡӵ۾ͷвЦǺǵضҶ˵СֵܣͷҪʶ֮ˣҰɽҾ͵ͼˡ
ŶۿҶ
ӳ˰죬ſָ˵١
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Ҷôһ˵Щݣ֮ǰһ˺üҩ꣬ɽжһüٲΡԸչЩٲΣȻˣֻٿļ۸ǽЩԥ
һԥӣҶѵҲ϶֪һּٲΣ˵ǴˣһҲȥ
Ҷôһ˵ǴӦ
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Ƭɽ滷£İޱȣһƫƧضΣҶ쿴һƬΣԹԼĪʮá
ΪβݣҲҪķʽ棬ӵİ£Ҷ콫ζ˳ϸһʮ˿ã֮ǰһãܹʮſá
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δſʼʵϰȽľ͵Ǳ鼮ϸһ顣ⱾﲻȫĵҩƷľּǣһЩϸϵעЩϸʾѧϰĹҲͿ·ˡ
ҶļܺãһͨѾסĴ󲿷ݣһĻϰ
ڻҪ֮һԻƵľֱӰ쵽ĳɰܺ͵ҩƷʡ
Ҷ콫ǿľ͵ֻµ¯ȡ˳ע룬¯һʺɫǿǿɵڵģעԽ࣬ԽʢоҪõϰա
ϰһӺҶȲؿʼ
ҩЩҩģƽⶾͨҩ
Ϊ¯ҩᴿںϡ¯衣
¯¯ԤȣʱӦĻΪˣ¯ʱҲǺнģƲͬĵҩҪʼ¯²ͬ
ҩ˳νҩķ¯УҩĽ󲿷ֵҩҪȷҩģ˳ᵼʧܡ
ᴿҩĵľĴԽߣƳĵҩƷʾԽߡ
ںϣҩľںһҪһ׶ΣʧܵĻͱʾʧܡ
ҩľں֮󣬱ֹȴ۳ɵЩҩں֮󣬻Ҫһʱ䣬Щʱֹһ㵽׶ΣҩѾƳɹ
¯ҩƳɹ¯ȡ
̻عһҶһж
¯עĻ¯
¯²ʱҶƿ¯ǣѸټһζҩġ
׼ƽⶾⶾҩѪߺʯζҩģѪѶԸһЩԵ¯
Ѫ¯¯עѪߣʱƳȡ
ܿ죬¯ðƺ̣ЩǱƳʣ¯ڲкðʱ򣬴Ѿɡ
ڶζҩʯʯʱѪ߻ǻᱻһᴿ
ʯɺҶֽʣ༸ζҩİָ˳¯
ҩĶɺ󣬽Ҫһںϡ
ںʱȻҪҩľĻԣںϵĳɹʾͻࡣ
ҩں֮ʱһЩڵҩģʱںϵ˳Ҫˣһֲڵҩҩں֮ʷı䣬Ϳˡ
ȻҲһЩҲڵʱҪõһֳΪҩģںϡ
һʼںϽеĺ˳ɾҶҩĵʱ򣬵¯ͻȻصһ죬¯һŨŨĺ֮Ϊ¯ڵʧܵһ
ڿľּἰһ˵¯ԭΪ¯¹ߣں˳ֻҩĴ⡣
Ȼ˵ںʱʹ𣬿ǻǺнģԽԽá
ǰֱ¯ԭҶһȻҲûлģϾǵһζ֣ûԼһξܳɹҩ
¯ڵĲֽſʼ˵ڶγԡ
֮ҪǧٴεĳԺʹվϣҪƳϺõҩǸҪ۴飬ƷҲҪġ
ľԣ֮ҲǷϵģÿϵƵҩòġͲ趼죬ȻܳɹƳҩǳɹʺ͵ҩƷʸвͬ


245 
ڿľԼ֮ǺǲҶҲͲö֪ˡ
ڶγȻںһ˵һȷʵһԿԽĿ
һһŵҩûƳҶ˲СĴͣ飬ȽǱľּϸϸĦĦ
뿪ʱҶصԼ䣬ϴ˸裬Ȼɵ˯һ
һǰʱ֡
ļ죬Ҷһ˼о֮
ŬɹƳ˵һŵҩ
һγɹľ飬·Ҳ͵Ӧˡ
ʱתۼš
˵ǸӣΪ̤ĵá
ԭŮһҸʱ̣ȴ˿ϲõɫʡ
ھǰžдŻɴԼҲŮһڴһ̵ĵ£һٵʱȴ֣һвǰ֡
ĽϴھƵǸӣһҮյģԲлڽþٰ
ϾŵʽʼֻʣһСʱ
һƲֵӣѩȰںڻüҪǵ̤˽ãɾûлͷˡ
ҡҡͷһӡ
ѩֻε̾˿óֻ˿ʱ䣬мҶǼһôûжأò᲻˰ɣ뵽Щ߳͵͵Ҷ췢ȥһš
˵Ӽҵĳ׼ʱǰӭ
˳ó
ŵһ׼ʼ
ŻŸ־Զ֣á
ߵʦǰ־ԶӴһװˮͰһ㣬ģֱǲҲ̶á
Үǰƽȵģûи߰ݣûƶ
ʦ´ʣǽڴʥׯϵʥУϵ۵ǰͻڵǰҪΪ˾ʥĻΪҮջͽŻϵġʥУ˵˶ӲãҪΪһżǶ˻ԼʱҪ˼ǡϵ档Ϊֻ֮Ҫ飬Ǳ˴໥κۺּ裬Ǳ˴˵İӦһ˿һļֱһ̵ķ롣Ϊϵ۵ĺӣʥĽ̻壬ǵĻʯ
´ϺһεʣǵʥõһԳŮ֮İƵĻڵİ죬ΪءԸΪⳡظӻָףǵĻԶİǺΧǡ
ʦӿȥʵɣҴ̻ʥϵǰ㣺ԸĳΪ򸾣ϵʥеĽһһգ۰ࡢƶ˳桢򽡿㶼ػһİҳϵļͥˣԸ𣿡
Ը⣡ֺǺǵشӦ
ʦȥҴ̻ʥϵǰ㣺ԸĳΪ򸾣ϵʥеĽһһգ۰ࡢƶ˳桢򽡿㶼ػһİҳϵļͥˣԸ𣿡
˵ĿⶼϣڴĻش
°ģɵһٵʱȴֿʼҡˣ֪ԼĻش𽫻Լ°뱲ӵˡ
ϯϵĺѩѼĿʱʱſȥڴҶӰһ̳֣ſʼǿյġ
òʦٴʵԸ𣿡
΢΢һ˼֮˾ңҲԸ⡣
ɲǼһƬȻ־ԶɫȻ䡣
˶ûعתſȥȻתɲǣȴſڴվһϤӰ
֪޻ЦãȻһ̣Ӱκη塣
Ҷ̤ãһǰȥ･˵Ŀⶼ֮ϡ
ѩжӯҲ˻ĵЦ־ԶԵЩ֪롣
ǰҶ˵ֱסĴж֤Ůġ
۾Ử䡣
˶ˣϵķһһջԼԼǰ˽ǣ˵һ裬ȴû
飬־ԶҲԵʮΣǱ׼׼ңǽ£ȴֲȥҶ졣
Ƭ̺־ԶҲֻӲͷƤվʵҶȻŮֻͨѣΪҪεŮĻأ
ҶŤͷ־ԶȥȻ˵ѵոû˵Ը𣿡
ŮԸԸ⣬ҲԼҵ£㣬㵱ѵ棬Ů飬ŮԺôأ־ԶһΪѵ˵
ȻָҶ죬зļҳû˵
ŮԺ󲻻ټˡҶֱ˵˵
Ҷʲô˼أ־Զʵ
Ҷ־Զǰɫʵǿˣ޷ǾΪԼĹ˾û˵ɣ
־ԶĿһûҷϣڳҲһ㣬ҪȻĸĸὫ绨Ů޸ôѿأ
ԷĬϣҶּ˵ȻϲԼŮƷнףǺãӽ𣬺ҵˣŮҶġ
ԱϣҶֱȥ
־Զȴǵ۾ԭأϣϲ֮ɫΣ£ҵͣǽ֮һĺҵﲻͣš
ҲˣϰǧƸǼ٣һ˾Ƹǻͷһμһǽ֮һֵϰڵĳҵ޿ɣʷΪصƸ
£׼ʲôģȫ־Զ׵ԺƺѾԼ˺ҵܣһ֮£֮ϵ̽
ȴ¶οЦ˵ٶǮҲֲŮҸ
ܳúҶ֣Ȼ˵ϷѾˣ߰ɡ
ΪҴԶΪ˸ϷҶƵ
ƳһۣЩίʵѲ㻹Ϸ𣿡
ûѾһ˾㸸㣬ӽҶŮˡҶ˵
ҲǵƷȨѡԼһڻ˵Ը⣬ͬҲԶ˵Ը⡣Ŀдһ˿ͼᶨ
㿴ҵ۾˵
㶣ȻҶ˫ۣȻ˵ҲԸ⣡
ѡҶ϶˵
Ŀһֻһ֮ʣѾ˵ˡ˵ţתҪߡ
Ҷ콫һ£ߣҶ


246 ⶾ
ҲﲻѾ𣿡Ȼ
ʲô˼Ҷɻ
㻹ƭڿ˵飬ΪʲôҪͱŮ˽飿ѵôûмֵ𣿡Թ޵Ҷ죬ˮ黬䡣
ʲôͱŮ˽飿ҶЩͷԡ
װˣ֪ˣϴȥʱĸѾˡ
ĸҶ뵽ʫĸףȻ֪ĸʱ˵ЩʲôĸƷҲܲ³üĿ
ҶĨ˰ѺЩƵ˵ȻҲ֪˵ʲôп϶ʲôᡣ
᣿ʲôᣬѵƭҲɣ֮гɡ
û׼㻹汻ƭˣҳԼȷʵкܶŮˣҾû˵ҪĳŮ˽飬޷Ůˣѡ뿪ֻҪѡ£ҶԲṼ㡣ҶȻ˵
ҶӣŽɵʵûҪͱ˽飿
Ҷǻ˵ѵҪ˵㻹ǵһŻɴվǰģôƯŮˣҶ죬˭ʸӵأ˵䣬ҶӿڴͳǴױȡʯ޵⴮Ҳֻʸӵˡ
ΪЦһ˽Ҷ컳ίؿ
ɵѾͷԺҲû˸۸ˡҶ츧ĳο
ţҶ˱
ԭҶ컹ĹԼǰũؾҶѾͷһڼįˣҲиˡ
ΪģҶһԴʱ䣬ǿ塣
ȻҶʵʱȴķ֣ѾͷȻӵžѵʣҶġ
׻̽ŷ֣ѾͷӵԴʥ壬Ҳϵ
ԭӦһϢһȴҶ־ᡣ
׻˵Դʥ֮Դ֮ӵʵŮˣӦֱԴۣԪӤɡ
Ҳ˵ԪӤ֮ǰǲܽģҪȻԴʥʾͽơԪӤϸͲܣҲζţҪͲŮ֮£Ҷ˵ǵ
ҲֻʵؽʵЩ£Ҳһ졣
룬˵ҪҲˣûϵ˰ɡ
ҶЦЦȰοİɣһҵģԺ㰲ˡʵҲ޲ߣҲΪһ֮˽ƻľʡ
ҶĻͷǵʵ죬᲻Ϊأ
ôأ֮ĸɲǽϵģ㶼Ҷһ׷󡣡Ҷᶨ˵Ͼϵ󻹿ŮҲӰĸ顣
οؿҶĻ˵ĳŵʯ
ţҶ׻ҪһʺĹڸҲ̤֮·
ٺ֮ҶٴαչأǱΪũؾ֮׼
ũؾֻʣ˴µʱ䣬ڼѾû̫壬Ѱչ
ӵϵ׾ն͵ָɽǿɱУȻУָƺռϷ磬ָֻȻд
ȭȻҲϾУȭûǵýʹãɱ֮
ԭҶΪ˴αչؽһֱũؾ֮ʣϣűչһڣ̱㱻һ绰ˡ
绰Сǿģ˵˸Уʮ𼱵ҪҶ졣
ȻǺУǰ˳ɾģݳɣҶ˵绰󣬾Ϳֻȥ
ܿλУǾա
һҶ죬첽ӭǰ˫ֺʮҶʩСɮðãд֮뺣
ҶڰڵֵòſԶĪҪҺ
Ҷʩ˵ЦˣСɮ˴ιܷ֮Ҫ󡣡˵
ֱֵ˵ǣֻҪҶĳܼ֮£岻ݴǡҶҲٿЦ
ģϴⶫ͵Ϯ֮󣬷ɻڲмϸ顣ɾڼʱϸͻȻ¶Ϯ˿ʦ壬ʦо綾ΣڵϦɿɮҲΣֻԪǿΪסһԷصطԸСɮǰҶʩȡռ򵥵ؽ
ôϸץ𣿡Ҷʵ
ѾԾջش
Ҷź̾˿˵²˳٣ǸϽɡ
ǾҶʩˡվϹл
ֵˣ߰ɡ
˱ٳվ
峿ڵִ¡
ֱӴҶ촩Խͭ˵ã￿ɽһСݡ
СΧŲУǶǵģ
ҶʩЩǿʦͽܣʦնҶ˵
մ˹ԾÿһҶ츩ʮ
ſڣ˵ɣҶʩˡ
Ҷʩɡռżе
ƿţҶȥҶźֺ˷ţԼ⡣
ֻпռŷɺһڴŵϺУϺɫϣسٻȻо綾ӡ
ӷҶʩǧظĸмռҶл
ɲؿ˴ʦϣһưɡҶһ˵ţһߴȥ
ҶʩǷҪرأռʵ
ȻѾ֪ҵݣҲûʲôεˡҶǰ˸ɴɴ͸ɫѪǱĵ˸
룬ҶѸץ˵
һȷ˿˵״
˸ĵδ˼࣬˲أڵĶȴǼ׺
һʴȫѨλԶأǺģԾɿɮԪҲ޿κΡ
ҵǣǰһƵĽⶾţҶæȡ˿У¡
ⶾĹЧҶ첢ҲһЩЧ
ȿ½ⶾҶץ˵󣬰۲ⶾڶصЧ
ⶾܿڻɢҶԾǣŽⶾҩЧԶԶϡƬ̹򣬿˴󲿷ѨλϵĶضѱֻʣ˼ҪѨλϵĶ̵ֿ
ⶾҩڼ˥Ҷȡö룬ѸٲڿǼŶصѨλϣҩ˫·ҹơ
ܿһƺ֮󣬿ڵĶž
Ҷ쳤һջأŽⶾϵĶµ÷Ѻһ


247 
ʱѾָѪɫҲƽ޴󰭡
Ҷռ˵ɣ˴ʦڵĶѾˣЩƬ̺Ӧþͻָѡ
ҶʩˣʦлҶʩռŸм
ɿˣǳȥİɡҶЦ
룡룡
ռǰš
ſЩ㽹ǣռű˵ʦ޴󰭣Ҷȥɡ
ռⷬںж˿Ƿ׷׺ʮתȥ
ں뿪󣬿ռֶԾշԸգǰţڿʦ֮ǰκ˴
ǣպʮͷӦ
ҶʩɡռҶкһȻʹͷǰȥ
ռŴҶһĴҶ¡
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ɣֵ˵λϮ˴ʦļϸѾɱˣǶݶҲЩɣҶ쿴ſռЦʵ
ǱڱѾãݣҲʮȷĲ²⣬ӦǸˡɲǺܿ϶˵
孹ӣǣյҲ̫˰ɣȻ孹ҲսˣѲǻ뽫ѧﵽȥ𣿡Ҷص٩
ǺǣҶʩЦˣʵյһʮϽģرǶһһֱѵúϡռ˵
Ϊλ©֮أҶʵ
Ϊϸϸҹݻ֤µ飬˻Щݵ;Ȼǣ浽ҡռüͷ΢΢ѾʶķӺԡ
ңҶ۾һУ˼Ƭ̺˵ϸ뻹ôһЩΣϴִϣҲμʹҴȥˣû׼ͽӵձ߽Ϯ᳡Ϣ
ռ΢΢ͷɫص˵ȷʵ֮˵ڰмеһЩС֪кξġ
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ռ̾˿źһҹ֮串䶯ֽ磬Ҹԭ˵硣޶ۡУϴ٣ΨҶ棬ڰʳҵĲҵЩ¼֤ҵĲҰѲĸϵ
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ҶȻһЦ˵ǰʦǵҸ󣬴缺Ҳҵĸˡ
ӷҶʩôٺòˡռŵͷ޵
ҶǳǳһЦȻɫ˵ʵϴҵһɱ֯
ɱ֯ռԳԾ
û֪Ƿֽ繲Щɱ֯Ҷʵ
ռϸ룬˵ֽɱ֯ȷʵŲ٣Ҫϴ٣ɲһɱ֯ġĴʵǿɱ֯ǵٱȻʮأֻ˵ڽ
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ǣɿɮ֮ǰԸģҶʩʦɺ󣬴ȥһ
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ƬɽȻʯԽɽеԽ档
ռŴҶ˺ɽһʯǰʯԷ򿪡
ҶʩԽȥɣڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡ռſڴסŲҶƣҲǰֹҲԼλɿɮ֮
Ҷ˵ͷȻȥ
źһ̵ͨͨһʯңе̾µʯʯΡ
Ҷ߽֮ʱҲұϵһʯͻȻ¡¡
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Ҷ쾶ֱʯȥ߽ʯҺ󣬶ɿһУһʯ˽Ҷ
Ҷʩɡ
лɮҶʧصлһȻȥ
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ĻƵھһƣĹνƶΪƣΪʹΪ֣顢׾񣻶а̰ΪٲΪ޷аԲ½ܷϴ񡣡ɿི
ɮ˼ǣɻƵھӰߵԣҶ쾪ʵ
ɿͷشûƵھһ̶ߵԣߴƣߴ񡣡
ɿôһ˵Ҷ뵽ԼǸа飬˵аĴڣԼķйء
ɿֽŵ㻯ƶһħһһħУޡһе档
һˣԶɮ֮޷նɮаţָú԰ѣҶ̵ϴаľЩ¡ұ֤´ٷƵܲܰȻ
ӷ¸־ɿຣˮΪຣΪ־̱ˮɼ޶ģֻһתҷľ֮ԣҶʩϰ˾޷аҲܱľ
ɮߴͽ̡Ҷ̡
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Ŷɿ촽ϣһɫķз¶ЩľȻҶԴ


248 
ľ̶ϰ֣ȴԼᣬɮÿд˾˽ȴ޼˵ʶģѧ档ΪûпˣͲ˽ⲿ𾭵ʵ塣
ξĴڸҶ󣬶ɿ׻׻̻˵ħħû˼ǣȻȻĶ飬ħħһҶʩҷָ򣬵ȴ޷˼룬ǰÿԼ񡣡
ɮ̻塣
ӷ𡣡ɿ˫ֺʮ
Ҷ˵ɮЩҪ̡
ҶʩֱԱǡɿ
˵л֣֮ҪһЩйڽ֮¡Ҷڴ
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ɿôһ˵ҶȻΪҪĻΪ㣬֪˵˵ݣҲֻͽհˡ
ţҶȥ߳ҺڿռŵĴ´ͭ˵ֱ뿪¡
ڻع齭ĻϣҶǱɿഫڵװľԾǣװľ֮̾ͬɴ̾ɰľܻģֻ˵ľǴӴ̾ġ
ߣǬߣ𡢲ߣ󾳽硢ȱǻҲ
Щ˵װľֻ߶һͨİˣɿ󳹴ĸɮҲֻܲľı˼
Ҷ쿴װľ̺ޱµ⾳νһһţһһд̾·ʱҲԲ͸а塣
ҶţܽװľĻԴ̾ǴģȻҪȫһһϦ֮¡
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ʱգڱչ֮жȹ
òõǣٶȾǳĿ죬̶̰µʱ䣬ѲδκƿҲơ
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˵ͷҪףβҪ£УѩҲû˪ݶյƲ⺮
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ȻջԽ󣬷ҲԽ󣬴һγɱ¾;ֲ֪ж꽫ҪƬѪ֮ء
ڳǰũ֮ǰҶȥһˡ
ʱĲͣɣѾڻǧʯ⴦ĴȻ󣬲ɽʯӲǶʱܹġǰĽ뻹ÿɴʱ䣬ܹԼĪʯӡ
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Ҷ콫ʯֱӽУѴ洢ʯҲи
ϵ֮ȥ˵µ龧ңָ˶Լҹһ̲ͣšһ˵Ϊɿ죬һǰղĺүͻүҲѾﵽڡ
Ҷûд뿪˿ң԰ǰũˡ
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Ҷ컹Ϊϵļٺˣھǰգȴûʲô쳣һ·Ĵʣ֪Եɡ
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㶮ƨүʱǰأʲôʱжӣһûӣүװǵ°з磬ӹ׵ͷȻⲻ˵ġ
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ȹͦƯģ֪ģǮһҶЦʵ
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249 ٸ
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ܹȢƯŮˣɷˣһܰɣҶֽһʵ̽Էԭ
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һ˵״ԭԸ桢滹нǮ档
ٸװӦͦǮӣҲͿųǮԭˡ
ھгԸ񲻺ϣ⻹д
Էƺ̫ԸⷽĻ⣬ΪУҶҲû׷ȥת⣬ҽܵСľƣ֪γƺ
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251 ǧǧ
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252 
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ҶȻ֪ŮУҪԼͨ򵥣ҲҪģֳԽѽߵĸεĹϵǷޡ
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˿λϣڵĴ⣬һ˼ӡ
֪ѵִյ˲վ
СѾͷˡҶǧǧСӣѡ
ǧǧ˯ʵƤһ룬û˯ѡ
Ѿվˣ³ɡҶ˵һȻվһſȥǧǧϽȥ
߳ţһϮò˸£Ȼӣ˫ۡ
ҶæףΪϡ
ллСл
ɫôˣҪȥģȥɡҶ˵
ոնûҪһȥ԰ɡ
УҶͷӦ
Ҫߣȴ˺ǧǧĽľ塣
ͷȥСѾͷһãȻվ󣬿ǲ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪ԼˣҶҲĽһ˶վ̨ϣֻε̾˿֡
ǧǧС֣Ҷ֡
뿪վһǼƵ꣬䣬Ȼ˸
ˣʵҪˮ𣿡


253 
ľƣȾ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
Һһɡʵ
û⡣ҶӦԸƿɣߵġ
ӦһȻת뿪˰ᡣ
ǧǧԹԵسţմգļȻʹ
СѾͷǿɰӣͻȻ˵Ҫ⺢ǵŮǸöá˵ڣʶⷬƺ˵Щˣʵľƣ㲻ҿЦɣ
ǺǣҲϣһôɰŮҶЦ
ȻһЦ
ýûк𣿡Ҷʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ǰйһ̥Сˡ
Ҳûϵ㻹ᣬҪеǻᡣҶ찲ο
΢΢һЦû˵
Ƭ̺󣬷ȡ˺ƣֱΪ˵һС
ľƣҾһллڳϰҡþӵ
ãⱭƺˣͱٸ˵ʲôллˡҶƱ
˵ţһһ
շ±ӣþһԣܵı飬ƺ̫ȾƵӡ
ý㣬ҪǲȣͱˡҶȰ
ûϵֻƽʱȵıȽ٣ԶζЩϰߡóŲͽֽ˲죬Ȼƿﶼϡ
һʶľƣܹʶ㣬ĺܸˡĵ˵
ҲǡҶЦ
һɶ
¶ǣϷ𵭵ĺƣԵˡ
ҪƣҶæý㣬ȳԵ˰ɡ
ŷ¾ƿЩ˳
ôȥ˱ˣıˣߵһжˣΨ˵ζûб䡣øп¶һ˿˸еζ
ý˼ˡҶЦ
Ҳɣ̫ˣеˡȻ˵
ýʲôĵ𣿡Ҷ̽ʵ
ƿȻ˵Ѿܾûôˣľƣǲ顣˵ţ־˾Ʊ
ӣȻΪѹ̫ûܵõйҪԴˣҶҲֻˡ
һ˼ҶΪЩˡ
ľƣҪιҳԡһѾм̬
ҶҲûɨˣСؼе
ԵúܿģԼ˵ģѾܾûôˡ
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ý㣬ѾˣٳԵ˰ɡҶȰ
ҡͷҪҪȾơ
ҿѾˣҪҷطϢɡ
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ǧǧ˲ͣҶ뿪˰ᡣ
ǧǧͽҶֲһ䷿
һ·ϣö˵žƻʱʱᣬͦӡ
ĻҶ˽⵽ɷǸ⻨ƵصˡеʱΪɷƻؼ˳ܣСıɷƵԲŵȻɷȴƵϣЩҲͷѰҲɷֻǼеİѡ
÷ϺҶעһƾ
ĸ£ýѹҶֶһˮݸ
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±ӺͷҶʵľƣղǲ˵һЩ˵Ļأ
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ȴ˵ʵҲɷ飬вƲµģҪˣҷǵһǮò޼ҿɹ顣˵۽ᡣ
ʲôҪĻҿ԰㡣Ů˵ҶʵЩͬ飬޸һˣò˵ֲҡ
ò˲ˮҶ쿴ȥˣҲҵɡ
Ҷε̾˿Ҳû˵ʲô
Ƭ̺ҶصԼϴ˸ˮ裬پϽ״̬
峿ʱ֣ɷҶȥ˺ǧǧ
СѾͷ˯ܲӶߵ˴£ϾʹһͨͼС㣬ʱ䵽ϥǴǷ۵С׻ûʲôţƯǽҶЩǷǡ
Ҷ˦˦ԴƲӲɾ뷨ߵǰǧǧСӽѡ
СѾͷѣ۾̧Դ˯ɵҶ쿴ȥ
ٲ𴲴ҪˡҶ˵
ľҪȥأǧǧʵ
Ҷ룬˵ҪھƵɣȴٻ㣬ȻؼҡɲСѾͷũؾ
ǧǧһʱ˼֣æҡҡͷҪҪľһߡ˵ţѸٴӴ𣬴СٴѣæҵģͺҶ춪Ƶġ
ӣҪ˦СѾͷǲ̫ˣҶ̾˿˵ðɣ𼱣ˣġ
Ⱥǧǧ·ϴϣҶ뿪˷䡣
ҶûкøǶõĸ
Թͺ˴˲ľΪ·;Զ޸ٿߣСʱŵִľ򣬴ʱʱ֡
ľشũϲΪũܵϴţҲũνӴ
ֻһֵֵԵĽɫȫǷ¹ŽǽмȴµװΣһֳʽԪءɫԼɫǰɫɫʩۣ֬סĪĶͳȣĽЩƣȴЩƽ׽˵С
ʱΪֵͷܶ͸ϼƵģоųɶ֮ˡ
ƺδӭЩ֮͵׼ңֵԵķʱΪλöִ
˲δ̫ͣãԹ緹˳Ⱥũؾڳ
ũؾλɽ֮УľʮԶ֮˵·㲻ʲôֻһ·ʵ̫࣬·᫲ƽϺ
һ·ɽԽ룬ԼǰСʱʱȺǰٶȱûǰķҲʼɢǿҪִĿĵˡ
Ҷɢһɨǰ״һƬɽﾹǾˣЩ˶ϯضеΧ۳Ÿ̸еֻһϥĿЩʿӶ࣬ؾǿҲв٣񣬸塢ؾʿؽ㳲ˡ
ũؾڵģҶ첢֪ȻЩ˶ڴ˵أӦþڸˡҶûмȥѰũؾ֮ʱȺ߱ˡ


254 ɷ
ҪĻһҹĵطҶû˶ĵط֣źǧǧԶһԿеСɽȥ
ɽƽ̫˺ܿɽܻΪֻü
˴жҶԭǱŵ͵ԭ򣬿ڲε͵;֮л˲Ŀ⡣
һУɶǺǧǧСѾͷǵĻ룬һΪĴӣһӵΪʮСŮһ𣬾ɵҲ뵽ӵΪԸߵס
ҲΪҶҸƧĽ䣬ЩĿ⡣
òɽһЩɻҲһԲû˵Ŀյء
ɽߵƣҶһƧĵطҹǷȥΧɽͷ϶ӰζҲ˵ܱߵļСɽȫˡȻЩɽ¶ߣԹҲ֮࣬ƣòҶ𾪡
Ҷûԩ·ǰƬɽϣһɾĲݵ
һ·ҶûһˣЩɣҲûϣɲЩһʮһĻᡣ
ľ壬ôôأǧǧգƯĴ۾һʵ
ǶֵġҶڻش
ľҲֵ𣿡ǧǧʵ
ҶЦЦ˵µģ˵ǸշӦҲطɡ
ǧǧ۾һʵǿɶҲ𣿡
ҲɡҶģɵػشĿǰΪֹ֪СѾô졣
룬ҶʵСѾͷҪҲɶôأ
ǧǧСüͷС죬ͷŪȹϵĺᣬһѹģ
ҶϧˣȻܲһСԼǰ¶˵ı飬֮£Ҳֻܰοĺˣҵġ
ǧǧ˵ͷ
ܿ죬Ҷֺˣ£еӦǾ취˦СѾͷǣҪȻô׸ũؾжҲ㡣
֪ˣϵʱӦýھƵǡҶ̾Ϣ
ʱһϤӰӳǹɷ
Ҷ컹ļǵãɷһ̩ɽǸɽ쾭ڹɷˣʮֿõġ
ʱɷһţһ߶Ѱʲô
ܿߵҶǰҶװԵʣδϳ
ɷҪǰ߹ҶԥƬ̣ǿСеɷǰ
ɷƺеӣͣ½ŲͷĿҶͣƬ̺ܱ߿˿Ϊûˣüͷһ壬С૵ոڽңѲˡ
תȥʱҶһιɷȷԱڽԼ´һȦɻʵϵң
Ȼɷǰѵˣ̩ɽɽµɽһֻ׷ܡҶѵ
ɷ۾һ¶ϲ֮ɫ㣬㣬ǸСӣ˵ôô졣תһ룬־ЩԾٽҶһԴɵף԰СֵܺûôӰѲҼǴˣ
Ҷ̿æ͵ɷǰûЩǼٵģΪ˶ܳҲȥġ
ɷһϲλҶСѣ
꣡ҶһĶ
ɷص˵ͷȻߵҶǰСʵҶСѣû뵽Ҳˡ
ǺǣʮһεĻܰװ״ʧءҶЦ
ǵǣҶСѣڶʲôأɷʵûҶشЦ֪ˣһΪϴεϷǸСã±׷ɱǰɣ
ҶúգȻԷô룬Ҳý̫࣬ЦЦתƻʵҸոտǰʲô˰ɣ
ɲϴαϷǸӵɷСáɷʵ˵
ѵɷǰûзͽܣҶЦʵ
ǵȻɷѵһģòˣô׷أҪǾսٻغϣǸСĲݡɷ־˵ʵˣҶСѣпǻ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ
͹ˣɵڻûӰɷյ
ҲǻûɡҶڵ
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ɷǰʶСѾͷҶԸ⡣
Ȼֻһ棬ûСѾͷǺؽ飬ҶСѣСѾͷôһأɷɻ
˵Ϊ·ˣԾ͸Ҷ򵥵ؽ͵
ԭҶСѣǼ񵽱ˣѵãһúúðհɷѵ
ɷǰ˵ʲô˼أҶһͷˮ
ɷ͵ҶС֪ؽǼһȻģⱦŮȴϧúܣѾͷȥʱ򣬿һðջݺթһʡ
ҶĨ˰ѺȻֺʵɷǰ˵ĺؽѵĺ̻ĵ𣿡
ûĺ̻λ᳤Ǻؽ𡣡ɷش
ĺ̻ᵽʲôأҶ׷ʵ
ĺֽ̻̻֯ʲôġҩ鱦ҩȵȣֻҪǸйصĶǸ¢ˡɷ
Ҷͷ׹ţתһ룬˵ɷǰҲ֪ĺ̻ģҪҰⱦĻø㣬ȥˡô˵ҲֻⰭµСѾͷתֳȥ
ǧǧһץҶѣܾҪľ壬ǧǧҪ⻵ߡ
Ҷ͹ɷһ
ҶСѣȻǳѵãǶ˵СñȽҪԸ취ȥɡɷڰл
ҶһЦ
ˣҶСѣҵüЩȥˣҪûţҾͳ嵽ǶüɽȥҾͲղͽܡɷ˵űվֱתȥ
ǰˡҶе
ɷ˼ͻȻͣ½Ųͷ˵ҶСѣҪǸСãǧҪ취ץһúñġ
Ҷ캹ܡ
ֱɷʧҰУǧǧŴҶŲ˳
Ҷ쿴˿ƵСѾͷԼ֪ģҲ֪ģʱôȥأ
ǧǧգŴ۾һãȻؿҶ죬Ƭ̺ͻȻһһ飬⣬Ҫ޵ӡ
Ҷٸͷæοǧǧԣޣһ취ҵɶ㣬ʱͿԸɶؼˡô˵ȴǽпࣺ
Ҷⷬǧǧˮ˻ȥ


255 ˫
ţҶ۾οʱ
ɫľƬɽ·һȺ罭ˮһӿɽʣ޼Щյضѹեˡ
ҶΧȴһСƬռ䣬Щԭ⸽ʿǧǧΪˣʮӵΪСѾͷǸ
ãǧǧЩסˣǰһƬмֻڷţæϲ˹ȥ
Ѿͷ뿪Ƭ̣һŰ±Ű׽ӣһź±źڽŮӣɽϡ
ҪҶ쿴ˣһܹһϳǵݣûԳƺڰ˫λ
ŮĨĨͷϵ㺹ɨһۣüͷԹʦ֣ɽϺҲûλˡ
Ҫȥɽҡ
˺üɽˣ˼ҽŶʹˡŮ촽ܿĿ䶨Ҷϣʦ֣㿴Ǵһôλãʵ̫ɶˡָҶ췽յ
˳źŮָķȥȻһռһƬյأٿӵΪȻ
ʦãӸòǸؾǿ߰ɣǵ
ôؾǿأ㿴ô֣һǸӣϵһȾķ財ԲԶԶܿŮ˵
ӵͷͬʦ˵е
ʦ֣ǸϽȥ߰ɡŮ˵űӣҶȥ
˺ܿҶǰ
ιӣϽÿطҪˡŮ˫ֲԵ˵
Ҷ۾˿ȥһеԾ˥٣ͬһϵӵ˥û
λǴĺڰ˫һᣬһᡣҶµЦ
Ȼ֪ǵĴϽÿŮԴһһ˵
ҶضźŮǰŷ⣬ЦҪҲԣֻҪøһ䣬ˬˣὫλø㡣
Ůһ߳ŭĻ쵰Ҳ߷㡣˵ţ̤ǰһű̧ҽҶȥ
ںŮӵĽŽǰʱҶѸ֣̽һץס˺ŮӽȻһ
ŮӲҽһſһ֣ͬʱ˻һ죬Ŀɾܲסͻ˺һ죬ǴɫС¶˳ɰΧЩһ￴ÿˮ
ŮɲǼߵͨ죬æҵվ߳ŭغȵҪɱ㡣˵ţҲ˲߹⣬ȻӱϰγǱڽݺҶ쵱ͷȥ
ͷ֮ʱҶ赭д̧֣ʳָɱ㽫
Ů£ĽǶʯһ㣬ȲٽһҲܰγ硣
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ȻԼͶͱǸҾͲˡҶǵаЦ˵䣬Ѿ̽˺Ůӵ죬˳ռͦ塣
ŮӼһһǹͷΪҶΪٲĦ
Χȫ۲ѣǸ飬Ҳѡ
ʱ򣬰ǷӦˡ
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Ҷһ㣬㿪ͬʱ˳̧ҽŰؿȥ
أ
ӱؿڣ˴ɳȥǶߵķһ㣬ɵӰ١
ҶԭһɼǧǧѾͷ˹Ҳֻջַſ˺Ůӡ
Ůɫ죬δӣֻҶ콫͵Ҳֿ
˺󣬺ŮԼʦ֣æӷķȥ
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ţǧǧͷɵشӦȻźıĻصԱߣŻص
ʱ߹ӣǸϿһڴ󸫵ĴƳ˺ǧǧһۡһ֮£æǰͷӽе硢磬ǿ쿴ⲻǺؽıŮ𣿡
ǰӺͷԻͷȥǧǧʱԳԾһۡ
ӿڵ磬ǺؽŮ
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磬ҪܰѾͷߣҲòŽؾðˡ󺺶Խ
˵ûֻҪܴѾͷֱӹĺ̻ҪƷҩˣķŽȥʲôҩҲͬ
ӵ˵ͷؽŮôֻһ˳أòؽǼһڸɣ˵Ҳ޵ؾΪȻ޷̽⵽쾳ǿߵĴڡ
ȷʵЩɣؽһŮ飬Ȼһ˴ʿƼ֮ء˵ֽɨһۡ
ĺ̻Ȼũؾ֣û׼Ѿͷ͵͵ܳġ˵
˵ҲеҪȥѾͷɡ
󺺺ͷӷ׷׵ͷ˱ǧǧ˹ȥ
ǧǧǰӺɫؿʵСãְֿĺ̻ĺؽϰ壿
ǧǧŤͷ˿ȥ˶һȦƯĴ۾գգ˿һ
æƵЦݣ˵Сñ£ǲǻˣǶֵѡ
𣿡ǧǧŽɵʵ
ȻģҪǲŵĻְֽ֪ˡ˵
ҰְֲǧǧʵͰ͵Ļش
һ˿ײϲɫţֲɫʵǸ˭أ
ҸźշǳġغǧǧΪЩһְֵˡ
շأ׷ʵ
֪ǧǧش
ôأһ˵Ļ˵ģҪǴؼҺˡæ˵
ǧǧҡҡͷУһҪȥȿɶ㡣
ɶ㣿ĪɶЩԾӿȥ
ţɶ㱻ץˣҪȥǧǧͷ˵
ץѾͷѵԷʲôĿĲɣüͷֹ
磬˵ũؾĵشеӡضԷ뿿λѧŽ⿪ӡӲ²
磬ҿӡһŴıҪҲȥմְɡһڴ
ҡͷԷȻҹȻЮŵˣӦþǵ֮ûҪȥðȷա
׻˵ŵȥ˱ҲޣǻǲҪøԶˡͬ


256 
ת룬¶֮ɫһ취һԡ
ʲô취󺺼æʵ
ֻҪǽؾıؽҪϢɢȥʱضдʿӿȥû׼ǻܻˮһѡ˵Լ뷨
һ˼󣬵ͷ˼ƵҲУڻǵ취СѾͷߡ
ǣֽĿתص˺ǧǧϡ
СãҪ˴ȥĿɶòãʵ
ǧǧҡͷľȥȿɶġ
ľ壿
Ȼû˵ĺ̻ľ
ʵľأ
ľǧǧָָԶҶ˵
˳źǧǧָķȥҶʱ˵鶼Ե쳣졣
磬ǴӿΪò쾳ǿ߰ɣ󺺾ŵ
۾һУ˵Ȼһӣ;ԲʮЩҵ֮⣬쾳ǿߡ
һأǵ
ũؾ쾳ǿڵģڴ˵ءӷ񶨵
ֻʲôİ취ΪˡӲ²
ôһҲûʲôùˣȻˣֱӰСѾͷ²߱ˡ
˵Ƚ죬ǧǧ˽ȥæתҶ˹ȥͬʱľ壬лˡ
ûм׷ȥǲҶ˹ȥ
Ҷǧǧĺֹͣ۵ʱ򣬺ǧǧѾܵǰҲܿע⵽ǰӡ
ˣҶüͷһ壬Ϊ˶ǵؾǿߡ
ǷӵеؾΪҪԼԸһЩӺԼһ̤ؾڣӵеؾΪҲҪͻˡ
ȻǰˣҪȵɽΧɱʱΣա
ҶվĿˡ
ڶͣ½ŲҶؿڵľƣ֪λǺܶԷкĿģԷϸ
ţȻҽܵǾǴֵܣҶ磬ס
˵òӦòֵܵӣЩֻǸŰˡ
λʲô𣿡ҶʵΪԼ޼ǿߣʲô£ܺͽͽ⣬΢ԵҲν
ǲģСѾͷģֻҪԹ԰СѾͷûˡĴ˵
Ҷüͷ𣬼ʵλʲôأ
Ȼץȥ򡭡˵һ룬㱻ǽӴϣʲô£͹ܲˣĻϽ˽ɡ
Ļֻ˵һ룬ϵղŹɷǷҶ쵹Ҳܹ³ģЩץǧǧȥؽ
ľ壬ҲҪЩߡǧǧҶ󣬽ץ·涵˵
ԭҶ˵ǰѾͷĴʱȴĽѾͷĴļһ
˵أҶɫ־Էս׼
Ǿݹǲˡ˵
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵ҵҲֵܵ
磬һｻһԸ͹ˡǰһȡ˱Ǳڴ師
Сĵ㣬ҪѾͷѵ
ǧǧȥҶĺǧǧԸ
ŶǧǧӦһȻܵ˺һŴ׳Ĵͷ̽Դ
Χ˶ʶ˫ʵΪܵ꼰Ƿ׷ú˱ܣڳһƬĿռ䡣
СӣϽ㱳ϵļһȡߴٵ
ҶһЦȻ˵Ը㣬òŶ
һߣȵԲѣȴүĸͷԴϵʱ򣬺ڿɾˡ
ҶԴƵֻҪⱾ£ܳǡ
ŭ𣬡ʱڴүͷ£ɱִүû㡣ԱҲٸԷᣬֱӾͷҶȥ
һ׽ѵظϳ˹׹Ȼơȭ֮ľѧµȱȴҲС
ΪԷʵ̽Եʩչѵظĵһʽŭ
ֻа師߾ٹͷɫŷէ𣬺ȻѸͷһϵ
⵱ͷһҶûбãҲûгӦԣǺسһȻеվŲˣ⸱ɼʽƺδһ
ֵϵԷǵؾǿߣҲûбֳ˿֮ɫ
ĸͷܿҶϡ
ֻᡱһ죬һεվǳɹ˶ԷĹƣȴǱͷϴǿƵһ˺üվȽŸ
һĻ׺綼ԵЩ죬һΪʽؾΪʩչѾɻؾǰڶֵ
磬һΪƺܡ˵
ǿΪӦø޼˵ƽʱ֮侭д裬Զһе൱˽⡣
ʱԶսʿҲС
ӵʵҪøͷǿһ
ǿҲǵؾԲΪǶԷ֣ҿǱɵġ
ɲ쾳Ϊ

ڹ۵ͬʱѾ̬
Сӣүǵ͹ˡһ˷ܵ˵
ŸɣҵĶ֡Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵
𲻷غȵߣΪ´үһͺ˲ˣбͽסүһ˵ţڶдɿҶϮȥ

ѵظڶ㣬ؾΪʽ
һҪ֮ǰһС´󲿷ֹƣҲȻóϴ
ΪˣҶҲûԹۣѸʩչȭ㡣
ս£
񱩵İ籩һ㣬ӭԷĿ
䣡
ڰײֻ˴һ㣬һء
ȻȭϾֻ³˹ҶΪռϷ磬վԵֵԷг˹
Ƭ̺ҶĹƽ·磬һ±Էĸ
Ҷȭƺеľ޸ЯŲҶȥ
ᣡ
£޸оȻ޷Ҷ
ҶĹƱԷˣԹһغԾռϷ磬Ϊֻʩչ˰ȭͨܽԷѹƵزѾʵˡ
ȷʵӵеؾΪ϶
ҳְɡ˵űҪǰȴֵ£磬ȸϼУҵǺܺϱŵĵǼʲô


257 
ۿҪ׼ֵӣæܣɣһСӡ
ȻܲģҲԼӵĶ֣ΪոпѾĿǰʽһ裬סƣ˻ȥ
ƵߵҶ棬ͣ½Ųһһһֳľ˳
ע룬ľȻչ׶೤Ȼһеȱ
СӣȰ㻹ǰѱǼɣҪȻܵúܲҵġʮѵ
ǿδءҶ򶨵ػشʵֺγȡ׵ӭսһ˷֣ǺɾͲһˡ
ȻˣǾͽаɣϻ˵һ˦Ҷɨȥ
һ׽Хϳ˹ȻҪ׹׺رеȱʩչһЩΪߵĵؾǿߣҲеһƴ
Ȼ֪ԷΪҲͲֱ̽ӽХĵڶ˷ʩչ
մ󣬳ϵɫתɰܵĿڳΧһɾ硣
ųɨ˳ƶУ죬ʵֳ˷֮ơ
ҶܹظܵԷһҪĿǿ࣬ͬ԰ȭӦмܵס
鼱֮£ҶȻʦ͵еǱذױ
ݳɣ㽫Ǳɫذ׸ȡ˳
עذҫ۵ĽâҶҲûʩչκʽֱذ׵ʹŶԷĳ񵲶ȥ
˲ذϣϡһ̶Ľײ
ײɲǣذϽâҫҲⰻȻ
ذǿĹֹǳǹɾԾƹذףҶӿϮȥϣһۡ졣Щ絥ֻǳĸЧѣȻԽҶݻ١
ĹƺܿĻҶذ׻Էĳֲ¡ʵҶôŶԷĹƣַʽȻܹǿסԷĹȴʮ
ƺҲʶҶ˼ȻɵõȶԷԼһĹĥǣһؽʣһԵͷų
ֻذ׽֮һᡱһҶ챻Ƶһ˺üҺذҲһеȱҪȻ޷¶Էһ
ϱ治ٰ˳Ҷеذףֳ˳ϱŵľ䣬¶һ˿˷̰֮ܺɫ
ȻԷԸʹذҲıһһʮıӶ֮⡣
ǿЩˡҶ쳰һЦ
ûĹĵģû׼滹ŲٱɣЦ
Ҷüͷһб¾ñǡ
Ҳд⡣绰䣬гһӿĵɫ棬Щ״̺ľϵ
ţųתܵĿҲڳΧγһȦۿɼ쫷磬ΧҶȫУʮ׿ĹҲһǿ
ϿһԲͷʩչ
ǵԼκνȻ޷ذʩչκԵ¶ԷһʽǣҶ쵱ϵָ̧֣Ѹۡ
ʽܿ׼ϣ̧𳤹쫷磬ԽǬ֮ƣȻҶ쵱ͷ¡
Хʽƣ
ų˦Χڹϵ쫷Ťǿ񱩵쫷ŰУΧľ졣
ֱΧ۵ȺǿĿɿڴڹµҶȴ쳣ƽ
ڶԷЯ쫷ͷϮµͬʱո̧赭дصһָ
ָ֮䣬է
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Ҷ˵ʩչָѾʮˣһеȻףΪǴʮǱƲѣҲǰһ֮ʩչֺķʽ
ڶԷƺƴ쫷ǰСָһֵâƺԵòһʽɲȡġ
ҶԵָ׵ѾԵ¶Էһ
ʵҲˣâ쫷ûɲǣһ׵ڷէ֮쳹ͣ
˶ؿЩ׵ŵͬʱ˵ڼƬ̹򣬹ϵһա罫Ҷʱֻʣһˣûκ£ôһϣȻǴڵһ㣬˱ɳȥ
Ȼ˵ͬʱһִӲϮ
Ҷ캧ȻŤͷȥȴһֻޱȾ޴ĽӰԼȻ
ֻӰʩչĹȻʶҶΣգԲŻ˴æطơ
һ׽ȵϳ˹ԽĹʮټġ
ʩչȵڶʽǧɽڵؾʽղһȻҪǿЩ
ѾûʱʩչָףҶæҵؾĽɫذף߶ʮһĽնʩչ
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£ذ˲쳤ףΪһϸĽ𽣣ҫ۵Ľâ仹΢ĵ绡
һն䣬˿֮νձһоնֻʩչһɵҲԱһϳѧ
Ǿ޴ĽӰգ֮Ϯǰ󱻽𽣸Ӳ赲
໥ϵĽâڼӰĸͷҲѸˮ
ڽӰСӴСʱȻľذ״СӰҶϮȥ
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һоյؽûҶ촭һǳû٣Ŵ師˳
Ҷüͷһ壬ѸذעȻһ̣ذ絯һ쳤
һĻһæջذ師Ƶǰ
ϣ
̶ײ£ذ׾һ㣬ɿ˻ȥİ師ȻһѺۣеȱǰ͵ȱԵЩˡ
սˣһһϮ
ֱóɨǽʩչȽŹ
˵ļлҶԵЩֲæذ׸ĹǱȴǹ˼ˡ
ϣ
£ذǿס˳ĹƣͬʱƵĴҲʵʵҶϡ
أ
ڲػȻײҶؿڣǽס


258 
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ɾҶ׼ľУȡ׵ɲǣһϮ˶˸¡
ղ˶ھ۾Ĺսȴûע⵽е
ʵɫѰΧ֮лΪƯһƬļ⣬Ƭ̫һҫۣͶ߽ɽյ硣
һ̣˶̧ͷѤľۡ
ڴڼ䣬ԽԽ󣬽ɽľҡڡ
֮һƬƬī֭һŨܵ˷۶ɲ֮㽫ƬɽϿڵʵʵ
ΧһƬڣûãЩƿһԲףҫ۵ļЩԲͶڵճһֱԼĪ׵ߡ
Щյ˾˼һ㣬ֱʧ
ƣ֮ʼն֮Ӱ֮Ի
νһǽ⿪ũؾŵԿס
ũؾˣ֪˭һţ˶ȿֺЩӿȥ
ûҶ췴Ӧ洫ǧǧĺľ壬ľҡ
Ťͷȥȴ׳û˺ǧǧžͽһ߱ȥ
Ҷ찵Ҫ׷ȥϮһ⣬ͷҲأֱӳſ
ᣡ
ҵײԱ𣬵±Ĺƺ׿ȥѾźǧǧһߣܿʧӰ
ҶŭȻͷ˫ɱĿֱض硢ˡ
˼ѾźǧǧҲûսһۺѸٵͷźһ߳ȥ
ȥɣҶŭһָ˲ʩչ
£â¡¡ŭ𱳺ȥ
ϮĿֲæſһ
ɲǣâĹý٣ֻ䡱һգ֮𱳲
ҽһǰȥ
ܣ羪һ˳ֽס
ʱҶذ׹ֽϮ缱æǰ
סذ׹֮˸һƬߣ˲ʧӰ
δܽɱϮؾжǵôӰ졣
࣬ԲûãɽʿѾؾ
ҶҲڵ飬ϽžͽһƬ߳ȥߵͬʱһŮҲó˽ȥһͬؾȻҲͱͬһص㡣
ǿ쳣ŨҶ컹治ȷνũؾ
ܿ죬ҶĿǸһͬŮϣŮҲһһض
Ŀ֮á
Ů˾ֺͲҶȴһ˿ɫΪŮȻܿƾɫȴҲмֿͷ֮أǽȼɱӦò˷֡
Ȼ룬Ҷ쵹ûаֵز
Ҷ뿪˵Щʲôʱ׻ȴԺ
Сӣʲôط׻ƺЩࡣ
ũؾءҶش
ʲôũؾ׻ɻ
ҶҲ֪ôֻͣ˵һռ䡣
طʮ֣Сĵ㡣׻ɫѵ
ʲôֵأԣһЩ𣿡Ҷɻ
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׻ôһѣҶҲʶЩϸڣȣ˵ȷʵأҲƯŨܵƣΣ׻˵޷ɢġһҲ޷þ֪ΧԼӵԪҲ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
Ҷ˵Щ⵹Ҳ˴ţϾԼʵҪԱȫûģλؾǿߵΧҲһζѡ
֮֮ҶҲû̫࣬עתصŮϣŮӿҲͶʮӣֻΪһŮӾȻһؾðգԭǴһģɽȴԼһ
ʵҲˣʱŮպͿֻšڼǰ˵ɽǿڶսǱʦȥ֣ɸɽȴũؾԭҪʦһͬģϻûʦֽߣȴǰӸððʧʧش˽ҲͳǰҲ۶ԷǶԼΪҪһƬΣķɱ¾֮شȥѾʮѡ
ֳĬƬ̣ҶЦ˵ǺǣŮôɣȻͬһ
Ů΢΢һ˿
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ΧɨһۣһɽȵشҲɽɽϣΧĻ̽һ
ж֮ǰȽϵƵãָӯ
ŮӿһۣȻϥ£ķ
˵ԣָٶҲܿ죬һֻѻָӯҲȬˡ
Ҷ쳤һӵվûŮӣֱתҲĴɽȥ޷þ̽£ɲߵ̫죬سһȦ
Ҷ뿪Ůһһ뵽˵صΣգֻֿٿҶſȻλؾǿߣŮһ뷨ȻûгûҲӦòǻˣ͸ߣӦûᰲȫһЩ
뵽ЩŮҲֻӲͷƤҶȥ
ҶܿŮںͷȻ֪Ůӵ˼Ҳû˵ʲôԹԵǰȥ
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Ůƺͻ׸һ̧ͷȥֻͷϿƷʱʱƬտѹѹһƬ·ʱһ㡣
Ů˿ĭջĿǰҶ쿴ȥѾԶ첽׷ȥһֱ׷ҶԶŷŻŲͱ룬Ҷ
ߵɽʱҶĽŲͻȻͣ
ŮһײҶ챳ϣæǸԲ𡣡
ҶûдŮӣĿضǰһƬݴԣΪƬݴ￪һӤƴСɫڵҩ鵤һζģǰƬӦ㹻ư鵤ⲻò˵Ǹա
ŮҲܿ쿴ǱصһȻЩԾ
ٿҶվŰҲûŮɻ㣬ȥժ𣿡
ҶɲóȻȥΪƬΧһشؼߵĹľԣʮ˲Ϊ˰ȫΧһȦйľԶһ飬ȷûȥժ
վҶŮ˵˵űԱߵĹľԡ


259 
ҶʧڹľУŮԵЩ£ܻţĸͻȻʲôߵ˳
Ҷ뿪Ƭ̣ͻȻһOO@@죬Ůһ飬ȻŤͷȥ
ֻԶһƬïʢĲݴͣɧţʲôҪƵġ
ŮӵĶʱᵽɤۣ۾ɵùԲƬݴԣһȴ
Ƭ̣ڲݴɧļһڴ˳
һ̵ֻĺ;ͺ͵緹һС˵ġ
һݳŮһֻһֻһô˵ҲǸ֮ˣӵڼΪԸһҰȻûġ
һ㽫ĿŮϣЩԭļ̺ȻڼЩӲ̲ͣضͬĸֽײৡͬʱҲۣۣĽ
һ˵ǲ𹥻ģֻܾʱŻڳ⸱̬Żˡ
ŮӿɲȥǴ̵ļһ˲ͼԶֻ
ǽƵǣԼȴǰֻȻƣȻơ
ַŮһ⣬뵽ƬũؾŴޣһɲõԤСٽǰֻϸһŮӻȻȷʵһֻͨĺȻӵǰڵΪ硣
һ㣬ŮͻˣֻΪҪͣϾǵһޣ᲻֪롣
֮£Ůӻæӵʰһʯͷȥ
ʮɱܿʯͷĹŮӴ˾Ǽŭֻڶ㿪ʯͷ󣬺ѸٵתӣЩ̶׼Ůӡ
һĻŮʶûüתܣЩ̾翪żһ㣬һ֦֦˳
ͨĺ̵СûɱֻΪŻ˶ѡǰֻȻһĺļʮ㣬ۿŮѶ޿ɶ㣬ʱǰͻȻһƬ
Щϣһۡ졣
ȺĹ£ҶӱϵĹľ˳ݺһںԴϣҽһ㱻߷ɳȥ
˺Ҷ쳯Ůӿ˿ûˣҲͲᣬֱƬȥ
ƬɹۣװǵһҪǱôһԺжɾͲˣȽЩΪҩЯҲͷˡ
뵽ʼժеߣټϴ˵ŨҲͲõĲժʧ⡣
ҶһժȻ˸ӰһڼղѲʱֵһСɽȥŮӿ첽ϡ
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ҩĹȻûǰ㸴ӣֻҪҩݲ¯ᴿʣͿԵõҩˣʵһҲ൱ڵҩеᴿ衣
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¯²ʱƿ¯ǣһ¯Уǲƾˡ
£¯ںܿһƻƬ֮ǰͱƳ˶һҩ
Ҷּ¯ͣظţ¯ǿҩﵽҺ˴СӰȡһֻ׼õƿ¯ҩװƿкֽƿʵʵطȻȡʺͱǩֽдϡҩ֣ƿϡ
ߣЩᴿҩȴ̺ŸŨǲƿ棬ò˶ͻܹ⡣
ƿúҶּ
ĽȺܿ죬˲Сʱˣܹƿҩ
ҩҶŮӿȥ˵ҿ㻹ǱˣɽŰɡɲô׸
Ҷôһ˵ŮˣæҳȥɣֻҪҳȥһúñġ
ҲܡҶЦ˵ԼҪǮǮҪƣҪŮŮˣĻõŶԷ
Ů¶֮ɫԥúҧ촽Ȼ¶ģ˵ңҰ㣬뿪òãˡ˵ţ۽ǻžӨ飬ԣʲôѾҪˡ
Էôһ˵Ҷ컹ЩĶˡ
ɽҰ룬һλСʣ⵹ҲʧΪһܡ
ϸ룬ԼΪһӦҲӦˣʵڶԸ˵ʱ򻹿ǿŶݵ˵׵ĿԻͦߵġ
һȨҶڴӦ
˱뿪ɽǰ
һӣҶʵʲôأ
档ŮСش
ڶԷݣҶûȤҲûйʡ
һҶͻȻͷһȴѾͷȻˡҶŮ˿޵ģرɫŮˣԿһĻپһͷ
ö˶˵ʲôأҪǱ˿ΪǿˣĸأҶƵ
˲ˮһίӡ
Ҷ̾˿ӿŲɽȥҲֻܼӿŲϡ
һɽվɽϣϵƷ·ֿɼѹֵĸоͷơ
ɽɽǹͺͺʯûľڵ˷Ұ൱
۵ȴһƬɽ룬ɽдеľͿвͣơ
ܵĳ޷жԼķλֲıǱԵıģҶҲֻѡһǰ
ɽ;УŲŵĺһΣգһѰҩھ޷ɢһжֻ۶֪
ҶҲҶһһ·϶Ȼû˼Ѱʲôҩ˵ֻҪܻ뿪طѾӷˡ
һ·ûʲôΣգҲûзκҩʱѾɽһƬɽ֮С
ؾеʱͼƺ粻ƣ棬Ӧҹʱ֣ؾ죬ȴ΢ǰ졣ٿЩïֲܵȻ붬ӡ
ЩҶ첢δ̫⣬ϾؾĴڣһա
ɽﴩƬ̣ǰϡˮ
ҶӿŲѭȥԽǰߣˮԽһƬֺһһСϪǰ
ǰСϪһ󼤶ʶҪСϪȥȴҶʶʲôԹ˻صҶ
ҶܵǰԶһƬľԺ̽ԴСϪͷβϸ۲
ܿע⵽СϪδһֻһ޴ſСϪߺˮ
ֻȫƤ죬߳βһһڱϣ͸ţƵģٿΪʿ൱


260 а
Ҷȡһö룬˦ֱϮȥ
淴ӦΪŷ;㱻ˣҪȻѾ˳塣
ȻҶǣϵȻƤȫ£ΨǸϸϴءһҲ޷湹˺ǿҵĴʹǽһӵ
֮βѸչҵ˴ϵ룬Ȼ𲢰һ׶գ֮ɡ
ȡһת˫ŭĿסҶƬľԡţһĶһţʺͷһ㼲
ͷ磬ҶֻѸٳһ
Ҷ콫ſɲǣͷѾľײϡ
ᣡ
ײ£һͷҲѸ˻ȥ
ιƵٶȺһʿˡ
ȻѾҶҲͲٶأֱӴܳľԣǱɫذȡ˳
һĿŭһ֫漴ڶٶȷɿسҶ
Ƭ̹ѾΧڣֻβһ㼫ڿתһȦȻͳҶȥ
Ҷذעͬʱ泤βϮķӿ
;ذ׺Ȼ쳤ףײĳβײɲǣϽâһնβ͡
﷢ҽҵʹʹڵϴնµĶβҲƵĻ
巭ڼ䣬βϲлѪӿЩѪ̵ҽһ㣬ڵϣ̱㽫˳ɽ̿С죬ŨŨ̡
ҶϽûĽȥ
ۣ
ѪĽеȱǰ޾ͺʿһһ
屻նأ֫ͣس鴤ȵѪӿΧһƬݵضճ˻ҽ
Ҷذ׻ͷ֡
æ˳Ѫȳʱüͷ΢壬¶֮ɫţܵСϪԣһˮڣȻϴ˰
ȻհϴãҶͻȻ˹һֱСϪһƬֱȥ
ܻ֪ʲô£滹ǽҶȥ
˺֣ܿٻͷȥֻֻǵ޴Ӷ˳ֻҰ޾ֱʬȥߵʬԱڴڵĿʳȻЩǱѪζġ
۲Ƭ̺Ҷתȥ
Ҷ󣬽ؾŲ죬Ѿľ㱹ٸһѡĻᣬǴҲطˡ
ҶǰͷǱذ׻նǰƬӲݹϥҩҲԷֵˣ㾡뿪˵ء
ҺƬֲǺܴʮӺ˾ߵӾͷ
һƬɽȣƬɽȱȽϿΧɽҲʮƽҰԵü俪
ҶŲʼѰҩ
˲ãǰһƬָĲݴ￴
ͨĸģֻǸģֵȴƣΪͨгϿʮֵģһʿϱ֪
ҶһӦ˷ܣǽΪƬʵĲ̤ۼʹ򶷺ۼҲ˵ڲǰ˵أҪժȻ⵽
ʵҶʮַѽġ
е㳣ʶ˶֪ؾſã󲿷Ӧöûвɼҩκջ񣬴ֻ˷ʱѡ
˵ΪᱦҲ̫
ȣʿٻűҲЩؾʿıɲôģΣũؾʮ꿪һΣĸɵƻΪᱦ˵أߣؾŸտЩͭϣӰ˽ж
ԣһǵˣӦöֶزɼҩ
ȻЩҲֻϵķʵȴǰȷʵڴ˵
Ҷ쵹ǺʶʶλƵļһһȻֱƬȥ
ߵֻʮԶʱͣ½Ų˵òŶˣɡ
ºƬ̣ȻһɳɳŲ
æ㵽˾ҶԶһľߣĿǰƬ֡
ܿ죬Ĵ･ֳӰֻһĿ˳һѴ󽣣ϻѪ
Ҷһ۱㿴ӵΪΪһУӦͦġ
Ҷԭɷãûϣһһ߳Ӿ˫ֽ󽣸߾ٹͷ˹
ҶɻǣȻûеҲûʩչκʽƽʵ޻ؾٽ
һòɵ˰ɣҶɣҲûвȡκжɶԷԼϡ
ᣡ
̱˳ȥ
վƺûȡѵٽ
ǡᡱһײٴαײˡ
ûоʹ˷һһΣϵؾٽ
ۣҶ춼ˣһξٽʱȡذףעֱӴȥ
ûκζɽ̴ԼţǸоʹһ㣬ƵسҶȥ
Ҷüͷһ壬ӳǰ̧ҽţݺؿڡӱߵ󵹷ɳȥصʮ׿
ǣûƬ̣ӾȻ־ų˳ÿһؿڴѪӿȴûȫû⡣
һĻҶͷ涼ëȻǰƺѾ࣬ǵӰɥʬ
ʶһ㣬ҶҲͲ飬ӳ嵽ǰѸٻӶн𽣣ֱӽӵԴͬ˫һն
ӵԴһ㣬˲ݴȴҶնϵĲӺ˫ѪȪһӿӿֲ
˵Ǻ󷽵ķ棬ҶҲüͷ
߲ǰ˼ڳҶǰԶʱͨһԵڵء
Ҷ컹ûüһ߲Ͼһɫ͸״壬һֱӳŷƮȥٶȿó棬Ҷ췴ӦѾ˷ڡ
һ˫Ŀʧȥɣʬһ㡣
Ҷһǰ״һʱ뵽ԼǸа飬ղǸ״аͬһаĻǷɾͲˡ
ûҶԲߣѾ㵸˹ȻǱղаסˣаܹƷյ壬ȴ޷ʹҲֻ
վֿȭײϣȻᱻˣǵ㣬ҶֻεĽܺŮʶãҪֽɱЩĲ̡


261 Ѫ
պܿ˵˸ǰҶѸ̽ץס˷յ֣֮۵ȻȴӲĽһתֻһ죬ֱѾˡ
Ҷüͷһ壬룬ýסС
ٴҶҲûֱ̫࣬ȥ˵ſϣֽѹסֽš
δѣԴݺݵҶײҺҶؽԴƲҪȻñײÿ
һײգղδͣ˦Դ𹥻
Ҷһ㿪κʵû취ֻҲѹס˸ǡȻʱ˿̣Ҷû˼ȥƷԷĺ촽жþ뵽취ڵаϳ
ǣûԲߣǲͣͻȻͣЪţҶʲôԼ壬ָоͺ͵аʱĸоһģһӹɣаӶԼ塣
ʶһ㣬ҶʹԪ񣬽Ƹ翹
սƬ̺ԺͻȻһû뵽ʿ֮оȻǿ꣬ܽ׸ˣӦܹõĽ͡
Է˵Ҷʵʲô
ף˵Եʮֲ졣
Ҷ쵱Ȼ֪ԼΪԪ壬ԲܹԷ˵һʶĻϽȥҪȻɾͱҲˡ
ߣӲʲôʱЩڵ꣬ͺñǹڶ԰ϻЩεҰϻԼҵĶ𣿡
ѵҲǵϵˣҶԾȻԷȻڵ
ûҲһһؾʿҲΪ˲ɼҩɽȴΪһԪɲݶǰҪõֵ¶ֲкҵõ˵ľ꣬ŵؾ֮
ѵȥʿһɹ»ҰҶ쾪˵ĻôطֱȵҪֲԷĻҶһ
ȻУֱֻһǿ꣬ܵõ˵ľ꣬ȻѾûˣΪҺܿͻὫˣʱͻΪ˿еʳˣ
˵ʲôأҶ侲ʵ
żܿͿԼˡ
Ż£ҶȻԷͻȻһأԼݵԪڽڰˣƾͺϴаֵʱһ
ǰȥҪ˶ãԼͻ󣬶ҲᱻԷӶᡣ
鼱֮£ҶҲֻ׻ҪڣԺͻȻһ뵽˵ɿɮڸװľ
ٳɣϽľ
žĵУҶоԼ·Ȫϴһ㣬ʥࡣ
෴ģǸаȴһĲҽʲôˣͣʮʹƵġ
ЧҶӿٶһʱǸаܲסʹ࣬ȥ
аҶѸٴӷһɨȴǸ͸ײײӷֻӴܣƬ֮ʧӰ
ʱ׻ͻȻԺ𣺡СӣеҪ£ʱ뿪ˡ
ʲôأҶ쾪ɵ
׻ûлشֱӶݳҶ壬Ǹݵķ׷˹ȥ
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֮Ȼ㡣׻귢䴫Ӱʧ˴С
һͨҶȻõʲô⣬ջĿϵķ濴ȥ
Ծɴڻ״̬Ҳ֪Ρ
ҶӣѾʵ⸴λԭΪѾͷᱻʹѣɽһ㣬һ㷴ӦҲûС
òôֲ˰ɣҶǵ
Ƭ˼ܿ뵽񵤣һָֻĵҩûã˵
ǣҶæȡһƿ񵤣һţȻ󽫷ӵϷԭڼĵҩҲûҪȥ
Ƭ̺󣬷üͷһƺ˷Ӧ
ιѣҶȻû
ѵҩҶ룬ֵһ񵤣
ںƬ̣˹
Ҷ˿˵ٲҿɾͰ㶪ﲻˡ
񵤵£ָܿ˾ӵɻʵոյ׷ʲôˣ
һʱҲ˵壬Һķ鵤ŰȻˡҶڳһʹɫ˵
ллм
Ҷ쳤һվѵǸϽɣѪζܿޣҪٲ뿪ɾ鷳ˡ
һҶô˵һ񣬷ɿĴӵ
ţҶ첽ӱߣժֱһӵĹܣҲͿԷֹӷ
ҩҶӵĲ֫ǰǸѪܵıִֻϱϰѴȡ£ȻʹŷѸȥ
һֱǰ˼һͺͺСɽͣ˽Ų
Ҷ콫ǱһȻһƨǸ⿪ж˳
ҲûһЩ֮⣬һЩССĲľӣȫǿյġЩװõģľľƳɣôҲͬװҩЧҪȲ࣬װһЩҩ
Ҷ콫ЩľȫװԼıŲˡ
ִ֮ӵǱ󽣣ǰ˵ѽŷɡ
˵ͷְѽ
ҶվΧһȦĻһ޼ʵɽ¡
ϢƬּ̺ǰ
ũؾ첻ͺҶһڴ󲿷ʿֶѰҩɱԽзΪҩɱȴżʡ
ʱһƬƧɽĸΪһ۾նһ
۾պһͨĸģֵȻǲԶˡ
һ˵˫ִᷢʵȻ൱ģòҩһϾؾҩǣ˭Ϊôһҩȥƴء
ǰ˶ʿһ飬˫ʵ൱ͬʱҵ۾գ˫ãǱ㶯
Ϊʿ޷ֱţǴⲫķʽսҲЩͭˣˣ
ӶûŤһţڵϴӣһ˳ֽһõ൱ңײ֮һ𻨣ö졣
սֽҲûֳʤ˫˴Ҳûһʼǰ㼤ˡ
һ˼κӷ׷˿˫״̬


262 
õֱ۱̳һӣѪȾ˴Ƭӣֽӵ·кüѪۣܵĶЩƤˣûѪ
սƬ̣ڵϴҲͣսֿ׷˻ظӪңϵӷףսͦҵġ
Ȱ㻹ǹԹɣٴȥѪɵˡֽӿ˵
ߣģ֮ǰһġõӺʾ˵
ֽüͷ𣬴֮ǰһԼռϷ磬ٴȥаսԷɱԼҲġƬΣķɽζʲôˣΪһ۾ͦգʵЩֵãǽռϷȻҲԸ⡣
õһʤļǿˣ˫Ϊ൱£ԼȻ·磬һܲģԣƴҲðӸ
˫ãǶĥŵָټս
ɾʱһͻȻӲһƬ
ôأЦʵ
ĸӶǾŤͷƬӿȥ
ֻһ۵ӴƵ˳ͷñס룬ֻܿӺ͡
˶ûп˵ΪԶԷǵؾǿߡ
ʲôˣֽӽʵ
֮ǰ֪ʲô˵ġһȥһ߻ش
򾪻ŵȴ
Ϊ۾յĻǾøˡõӾ˵Լ۾յĸҲ󣬵˳ˮøԷ
ЩӲݣѪ˷ܡ˵Żͷ촽һģ
ⷬ˵ɫʮѿ
ԷԼõԵЩֻţ㣬𣿡
һ˿аЦ⣬˵ȻǱһˡԱϣӰһɲǼõӸǰӷӦһҧӲϡ

õ﷢һҽУţ徹ۿɼٶȸɱȥƬ̣ͱһƤͷĸʬ
һĻ˵ӶɵùԲ˿־塣
˽߸ʬһǵѪǸֽӿȥ
ԷԼֽ͵һ¶ȾѪļⳤ˫ñµ۾ĺĹâ
ѪֽӲ
ѾˣΪ˵⼸ֵʱ򣬺Ȼǰǳֵһһ߸ʬ
һˣʣڻع﷢ҽУŲͬӴܣǣôҲӲһ
̶һӲĸӶѾ˸ʬ
촽ӰһԶȥܿʧɽȾͷ
ԼĪСʱһһŮƬսϣҶͷ档
ǰ߸ɱʬ壬Ҷüͷһš
ӱϿʬͺһ㣬ˮ֣Ҷע⵽ʬ岱ӡʱƶӲǱɵģǱɵġ
һʱ뵽˵ӰѪʵĴѪ
˼Ƭ̺Ҷܿ϶뷨ΪʶؾѾǳе磬Ȼ꣬ôѪҲͲΪˡ
ؾǰ򵥡Ҷǡ
ü˼֮ʣǾֵ𣺡ǣǰ滹һ߸ʬ
Ҷ쳯ŷָķȥȻڲԶĲݴֿһ߸ʬ
Ƭ̺СĽسǾ߸ʬȥ
һ쿴Կ϶˵ȫͬġ
ΧɨһۣҶܿ쿴߸ʬȻҲ۾ա
һ۾գҶľָͷԺ
ĿԱǣѪ۾նʿϹȻû֡
ֻ˵ȴִɵ㡣
ȣΪӦýЩʬǣôܾôĿŵذţأ
Σ˲ں۾ոҲ˵ǲڲժ۾յʱġ
ٽֳϸһҶ췢˫϶ȱڣ·ҲѪ˫ǰйսЩĽӦǣͬʱ۾գȻΪ۾˫չսһͻȻɱһֻѪ˶˸ʬ
ֻЩƲⲢ˵۾ǲѪµնԣҶȻóȻǰժ
һ˼ҶˣɡȻ˵թĿΪ˰Χĵ
ǹΧҲж
ѵҶˣҶа
־Ƭ̿ǣųһС۾տ
ֱߵ۾ոǰΧԾûжҶһɨۼֿĽ۾ղժȻѸ󷽳ˡ
ΧʼնܰҶȴ˿⣬ժ۾պŷ첽ȥ
ؾѾһʱˣɫȴһֱģû˿仯ӣؾ֮ûҹֵ֮ġ
һ죬ѾƣΪ˻ǿҧأųصʬһ㣬ҶһҲ¡
ҶѲ״ȴûͣϢⲢ˵ϧ񣬶ΪһƬɭ֮Сһ˵ֲľïʢﲻŴޣһǿľѵص㣬ؾѾһ죬ͷٶһЩҩЩŻȻҲ½жˡ
νţ˼壬ЩרŸɱԽķǷŻ
˿ٴڴ֮Уǰ˲СʱʱҶǵڷˡ
һƬԿտ˱Χ
Ҷ쾪ǣ˾ȻеؾΪǵؾǰڣǵؾڡ
ʵϸҲΪ棬ǿֵĵطûеؾΪ˭ȥɱ˽ٲƵĹ
ͻˣ汻һԭήҵľҲʱҶ챳ϵľ֮ɫΡ
Ҷɨһۣǵʮֹ죬ʮˣҲʮͷΪؾʱ͵ģԴ󲿷ֽŶʱ齨Ķ飬ֶϲʲôϣսǸġ
ÿ˵ΪҶԺƶսƻ
˲ûмŶ֣Ϊбʤİգ޷ǰӵΪǿɲĴӻǵؾԲǿߡ
Сǳɱ־ǰͺаЦ˵˫ݽȥС۾ضŶҶķ棬żЦ⡣ߵΪ֮ߵģټһѾӦþͿԲؾˡ
ϸ磬㶼һˣôô̰ɫأֽεεСӦýһǻǡǰǸʮ꣬ƽͷ٩֮СΪһˣӲ̤ؾá


263 ս
ţǸʮĶҲŵЦǰϸ磬ͣЩʮϹѸȽϺʡǵؾΪϻһѺӧǹһµȱ
ֻϸӲˡǸֺЦҲӵеؾΪϱһڴ󵶣ͬǼµȱ
һû˵Ӵһҹк£ϱһѽҪԴٹһ鲼ǿ͸Щһˡ
˵ĵ٩ͺ߷ǵû˿ãȻԵõ˵ǱһͣҿɱЩǿˣŵĻСԾ֪ˡ
ǺãǾȸߵֺ͡µ˵
ȻСΪϸǴ磬Ҫǿɾ͵̾ˡƽͷ˵
ϵܣ˵⻰δ̫ˣϸҸŮµʱ㶼ſɣСءЦ
ҲͱʮЦٲˣŮ˵ʱǶ̥ءͷӰԴɪ
Ǻһ仰˵ȻЩ
ЩԼ̸ۻĻ⣬ɫһƬ࣬˿ֻ֮ɫҲɪɪѽϣǰϣ֪λؾǿߣ޷ϾǰԵˣ˵Ϊ޷Ҳ˵ٶԲΪܴڵؾǿߣһԴơ
ЩĵýֵҶһЦѵ⣬ҿǻ֮ǰԱȽʵʣǷŮҪҴΪչˣֻǲЩҪҰѡ
Сòɵ˰ɣƽͷ곰Ц
ͺָЦˣͰĵ·ɣŮǻΪչ˵ģ֤ź
ͷĺˣֻ·㣬ҪŮҪҴΪչ˵ĻҵͦæġҶݲȹ˵
СӣȻҲ֪ʲôֶΪҿ㶥ҲԲӣҲ֪ǸɶǵؾǿߣԴȰ㻹ǸϽİɣû׼ûһ·ѵ
һԷ˶ǵؾǿߣɫɲǼò԰ֽƺѾʶԼ־ӿ
ô仰Ҷ˵أҶһ˿аЦ⣬˵Ԫķ淢ȥһսһֱӽǰǸƽͷɱͳûǸȱߣŸղǰķǰܣܳƬɭֺڱԵҡϾԵλؾǿߣҶûаһ߶ԸˣһչŮˡ
ͻȻҶĴԵЩĵǣҶܲ˰Χ֮£ɹɱǸƽͷꡣ
ȻܿͿ˴𰸡
淢괫֮Ҷ켲̧֣һѾõĵָ˳ͷų
ʵһ£ʩչķʽͻϮĻֻһΣǲܽԷһٻɱǵû취ѣҪͬʱԸҲʮֳ
Χ˷Ӧö֮ҶָϺȻըֻһâֱǰƽͷϮȥ
֮࣬ƽͷسһڶȻˡ
â֮ƽͷϣֻᡱһ죬Ȼû֧Ƭ̱㱻ˣţâײƽͷٿڡ
ǡ䡱һ죬ƽͷ屻ը÷飬ѪĴɢеָ׾ӵеؾΪ𶼵ֵסοǰؾǰڵļһ
һĻΧ˶ˣҶķҲסˡ
ϽûܡҶ淢ȥѵ
Żعٳɣֱӳǰȱȥ
ʶҶʵʣﻹ˼ȥŮˣǶĿҶϣҲȡ˳
һߴȵ˵ѾչƣҶջȥһȭ
ȭ磬ҶӭϮȥ
Ҳ̷˹
ӧǹעǹ϶ʱһâҶ켤ȥ
ֺڴעͽȻһ׳ľ޴ӰҶ쵱ͷ¡
ǺӣҲǰνҶȥ
չ֮ʱҶеǿŶݵעȻǴݵܡ
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׻˵ؾдƣҶжݵĶݵعҲһֽơ
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γɵͬʱҶҲ׹Уӹ˶ͰֺĹڳֱ֮ٽҶնȥ
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264 
˲ĴϢᣬѸ롣
ԭҶڶԷɲ뷢𹥻źǲĶѾƣΪҲֻεطǰûᣬӣ˶Ĺ
Ȼӣֻȭͷڵس
һĹǰҶԵЩֲæҵؽذ𣬳ſһѸٽȭʩչ
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ĹʽԳԾҲӭϮӰûʲôִһȭɽӰȻҶȥ
ûһӰӶԷڶӰȻҲǺܴ󣬵ȴԱȵһӰһûҴ⣬ٴλȭͷӰɢ
һӰߵĳѾ࣬Ӱʱϸһ˿֮ɫ֪ȥԼܿͽܡ
Ҷʩչȭʽʱ򣬲İֺѾٵ
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䣡
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ĵӰһû˿ɣæԼʽʩչ
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ѾɢԶĶֽƣǲ취ֵ֮ǡҪеĻǾ൱ڰװ׷˻ɱߵĴûᣬЩġ
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߳Ƭݵغ˺һһҵһԼĪ׸ߵɽָ߶ȣһ޺ʿǺģټλһƬƫƧɽУȫҲ˱ϡ
Ϊ֪ɽǷΣգҶûðȻȥȴӵʰһʯͷɽﶪȥ
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ȷΧûΣպҶߵɽ棬ϥ½ԪַʽԵõ̶ȵϢ
ʱΣ󲿷ʿҲҶһʼѰȫϢأϾֳɱ¾Ѫ֮أǲֳܱ;ǽʮΣա
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265 ⳥
ʱɽڴ߽һһŮˡ
еĶʮ߰ӣӵΪŮӶʮ꣬Ϊڡ
磬߲ˣҪǾƬɽϢˡŮӲ˲ͷĺһƣ˵ӣһ·úϢ
ȽɽȿҪǺʵĻϢɡӻش
ţŮӵͷӦ
˱СĽ߽ɽС
ƬɽȲǺܴ󣬺ܿͿһȦ
һȦѲǵɽôСûʲôصĵطҪ˻޽׾ͻᱻֵġ
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æȰ˵СãҲΪǵİȫǣһ·ôʬҲˣطҪĸΣգԻǽЩΪãرϢʱ򡣡
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ԭˡ½ͷ׹˵ţĹȫȡ˳ӳɽ
Ȼսˮӳ⣬·һҽС


266 ʸ
½һæܵһȴ·վĸӣʱҲ̧ͷһһﻹԴȻǱղŶȥˮˡ
ٿΪҲӣ˵ΪҲ֪һǵؾǿߡ
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ΪɽֻеؾǰΪԷΪȻɶԷӵеؾΪǮӵеؾΪһؾǿߣҲܿЩüĿǶԷӵеؾԲΪҪȻⷽΪ
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267 
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ؾڡĸ̼ڳˣɽŨü󺺺ͷϾֳ˲̶ͬȵĿֻ֮ɫ½ͳ𾪣ϲãΪ֪Լþˡ
͸ϽҶǵǿǵɽռޣܵոǮӾٵʱͳɱˣﻹǻڡ
ҶôһȣǮһһ㣬Ͻͷˡ
ȻҾ׷򶴿ӴܣƬ̾ʧ˶ڡ
лǰγ½һл
Ҷû˵۾
½Ҳû˵ʲôڳ
磬û°ɣ½ӱȾһƬǵ
û£ֻƤ˶ѣѾֹסѪˡ½ЦЦش
һ°ɡ
ţ½ӦһСؽӾȥ
ҶûԹԵţȻҪĻϢ
Сʱ֮Ѿõ˳ֵϢҶֹͣվ
ǰҪ𣿡Է½ʵ
ţҶڴӦһȻȥ
ٴθлǰȡ½ϵظм
ҶʲôҲû˵ӰһڶʧӰ
ũؾѾһһҹڼ䣬֪жʿǴ˵أе֮ڣеڵ֮֡
˼˵ǷܶȡһУͬǵйء
Ϊ棬ǿԷܲΪ棬ǿɱΪ棬ǿԲֶΣνԡһУƬѪ֮صõ˳ֵ֡
ܲ쳣ѹ֡
Ҷ쾲ǱһƬӲݴУĿʮԶһߵС£Сµ¶ϣʢһصʻ仨֦Լʮ׳һ֣֦֦ҲûһƬҶӡȻΪصĲͺͺ֦ɣ֦ɶ˵Ƕ仨
仨ȭͷСõһ㣬ӵ໨꣬еĻ궼ƵľӨ͸ϻһ㵭İէһ񣬷·ʱڻһ㡣
仨һֽҩƵ鵤ĸģ鵤ǵؾΪõĵҩ
ֻһζģΪؾ׶εģֵǲԶġ
ҶһĽûмŹȥժΪ֪һ塣
ȣ۵ĵطֻҪ˴Ӹ·ȻԿҶɲŶһһҹȥˣûһ˴·
ϸ۲С£Է֣ЩӲв̤ĺۼҲ˵ڲǰһǰȥժ֪
Ǳ˼Ӻİ취СΧһȦڸĵ˾
ǣվſһȻСϸ
ڽΧʮ׷ΧڵĲݴԶһ飬ԶĴ־ûҪȥѲˣΪʵ̫󣬶ҶԷôԶҲΣա
ȷ¸ûҶȻҴ⣬СС¿һһͣ²ȵʲô塣
׵·ӣʱҶѾ̤˸£վڸߴһɨΧξ۵ףԿ϶ȷʵûе
ʮ쳣ҶҲû̫࣬Ѹȥժ
Ȼָס֦ɵʱüͷȻжһһ㽫˻ȥȻѸٴȡһŽⶾ¡
½ⶾ̧һոմ֦ɵĴָʳָȻѾڣȾī֭һ㡣ҶӶȥ֮䣬ֻѳɺɫⶾԵľҳ̶ȿɼһߡ
ⶾ޷ѹⶾԡҶа
ɾʱͻȻһʵĹЦ
ͷȥȴԶһƬ߳һŰֳۣȵİΪǵؾڣǱȾһеȱ
ʱҶһʱ뵽ıǳˣ˼طǰıϵԶһƬּȥ
ȻûӵٶҲǳɱƬֻ֮СѱڣȥǻûܵƬ֣ӵȫˡ
֮£ҶҲֻƽٶǰȥһܳʮ׾ͱǰ׷
Ҷǰסȥ·
Сĵ֮ǣ㻹ô죬ֵ治򵥰ҡȣЦݵص٩
֮ǣǣǸܱµ֡Ҷ򶨵صЦȴѰ˼֮
ȷʵǸʮŵ֣ܷСƷζСΪҪΪ˶ȡ֣ʵܼ򵥣ΪֻҪһͻɥŵЦ⣬һȻ׵ӣ벻֪Цص
ҿֻԴްɣôʱˣҲǻ𣿡Ҷװһ˴ŵӳЦ
ȻС֪ʲôֶ˶ԣվӲһ˵䣬ĿҶɨһȦڲ쿴жٲƲһ㡣


268 
ҶһЦҿδأԱϣֻȻȡö룬ֱԼҼϲȥϷסұ۵ҪѨһұ۾޷ˣȴֹұϵĶӡ
ԷַֹͣҡڣҲ¶֮ɫ
סڵĶغҶѸȡ˽ɫذס
еȱɫؼ֣ܹӵеȱһ㶼ƽӹ֮ټ϶ԷΪ翴
ڶ˵ǵѡӦϵͷܡҶ쵭Ȼѵ
ȴǹЦֵܣ㵱ССͯҪʮսСɱôȰСأ˵СҲǼеȱֵÿˡ
ʵҲԷ˵ұûжҶ쵹ʮܽԷɱڵȴǲ̫룬ұѨλ״̬ǲ̫ܳõģҪȻұ۾ˣڶ˵ΪеǾ취
ȻԷûˣҶҲֻԶԷ͸ԼΪһˣûڱȷʵƾУΪɸҲԶˡȻұ̱Ҳа˳ɵİսɱȰҲֻǲ˷ʱ䣬ⵢⶾ˵ǰ˳ɣȻмΣζ
ҶⷬȷʵҲЩ˼ˣǸ֮ˣױܵġ
ֵôһ˵СͻȻЩдд裬ֵǿʵСٳҲ١ƺԼš
ȻһôѲҶҲͲ˷ʱϻֱذע𹥻
ûԷʵ֮ǰɲ˿⣬Ѹٳſһչȣעǰͨȼ˺ɫ𣬿һȡ
ᣡذչ׺ײϡ
ܳɹסһȴײһ˿һϿ϶ԷΪȷʵԼ
վƺ󣬰ӶеĻȣһֳĻб
߷ټ죬̼ҶǰȻЩǺǿҶ컹ǲ˿Ѹٻ𽣣һɢߣһ©֮ײϡ
ᣡ
ߵײֻһ΢ĴƲ˿˵ӣһĻȴҶһƬܵײ򣬾ȻȼһƼΧӿ
ʵɣСɲͨĻ˺ȴȼشЦ
ԷԣҶĲȼգڼȥƬʶһ㣬Ծȥ
ƺ͵һ̣Ҷ쳷ȥɲǣ˦׳һСĶֱҶȥ
жϮҶػӽȻ䣬ͻȻ𵱳Ϯֻ֮ʱƺҲӹһ
ʶһʱȻΪʱѾǶ
أ
£һźɫӿ
ȻҶɲöԷΪܣЩɫǶ
ʶס󷽳ˣòӳ˺ΧܿѾвٺ壬ЩȻɴˣȴ˾޴Ӱ졣
ǰҪٴȥԼǱɵģԣЩɢȥҶѸŴַ񱼶ȥ
ԷܣӣǰɢȻѸҶ׷ȥ
׷Ҷһһö룬ͷȥ
ȸ񵲣²ȴ˿Գٻ
Ȼ벻ãҶ׼ָס
ڰ׷Զʱָ׼ɣҶѸٻͷʩչ
¡
£Ҷ쵯ָһâ
ܵӰ죬еָ׵ֻܷӳӣˣȴҲԱһؾʿȫһ
ʶâףѸעǰ
أ
âըȼյըɢ
ȻâδܸʵԵ˺ȴٶȳٻ˼֣£Ҷʮ׵ľ롣
ǣվǳ֮ƣȥᱻ׷ϣҶнǣһһ˼ԲߣпõıԼһ顣
̾ĹʽָҪ˫ֽӡʩչնڵ״ͬӲȭ˵ˣ̱¸޷ʩչ
˼Ƭ̣Ҷ뵽ڵźҲŶһʮԸôһؾڶ֣ʵЩݳޣһû㡣
ӷɿתȦҶͻȻ۾һ
ˣȻط׻ܹҵ壬ҵԪӦҲܹ壬֪Ԫ״̬ʩչָǷЧ
һ뵽㣬Ҷ
ʵҲϣԣؾ֮УԪȷʵԶڡ
ԪɲǣҶһ㣬ͻȻͨһԵڵء
ԷͻȻˤһӣ󷽵İԵЩ죬ٵԷƯһ͸ӰʱµĳҲæס
Ԫĸо쳣Ҫ֮г࣬ҶֻԼëһӯж͸ЩԱ̫һ㣬ֻܿ״̬һʱ֮Ӧ
Ƭ̺Ҷ£İȥ˫Ȼǰָ
Ȼǰֹ޷⣬ԷƺҪʩչӣʱҲ߶ʮһֱעȻһߣŶ͸Ӱȥ
ǣӰƺ͸¥һ㣬üţߵĹҲ޷
˿谭ش͸Ӱ¶֮ɫ
һӦҶָѾ׼ϣ赭д֣Űһָ
͸ָͼţâҲ֮ͺʩչʱһģһЧȴȫġ
ʱǽâδãֱӴ͸ϡ
ţָϵͼ˳Žâ˰ϡ
͵һǿʲôֵĻһ㣬¶ֻ֮ɫҲ֮
ǰԪ״̬ʩչָܵʵԵ˺Ҷ²⣬ղһֱܿڶԷ꣬ԲŻʹ˾֡
Ƭ̺󣬻æתԶӴܡ
ԷܣҶǴһٻͷϵ忴ȥ䲻һֻϾȼһ˿˿ɫ档
һĻҶһʱǸа飬Ǽһһǳ룬ҪӶ塣
룬ϽԪݻ塣
ʵҶϣԪڵаû壬ҶԪݻ壬аӰˣؾͺ׻˵һаҪĳеļŻǿ


269 Ы
εóȻоգٻǸҶһЩʾԺɲððʧʧĽԪ壬ҪȻ屻аռ󣬿¾ԶҲزȥˡ
ΪԷһҶ쾲Ľľһ飬Ԫָһվ
һɨӰ٣ҶҲһȥժˣڶ˵ҪĻǾҸȫĵطڵĶ
״ԶԶԤеĶӣұѨλʱ£ұ۵ľѾ΢ˡЩֵڵĺڲϵӰڵΪֵƵؾƣȻΪ󽵵ֻʱģֻҪڶžһȻָ
ұϸһҶ˵Ѩλǲٷȥˡ˵ţҲֻεĽұöֱӰ˳
ѨλͨұЩؾڵĺˮһ㣬Ȼӿȥ
ҶϽȡⶾһţŽŵƻ
ȻѾ룬ҶҲûǰΪԽֱؽޣԼĿǰ״Ȼս
һ˼ԭȵ·ߣֱǰܾҵȫŵ㡭
ЩϮʿǶԣҶܹѾ˵ˡ
̶һʱ䣬ѪȵϢѾؾɱ¾ֹ
Ϊܹȥʿ˸ָİ취֮Чİ취ж
ëүү˵ģ˶ĳֳϣȷʵһ
Եؾʿ˵ӶΪ˵ЩŵϮʿ˵жҪΪ˶ԸޣϽҲֻϵùΪŴ󲿷ֶǵؾǿߣʿٶҲá
Ȼ˵жðȫ˺ܴıϣЧȴǴۿۣͬһ·ߣܹժҩϾ޵ģֵÿľ͸ӿˡرһЩҩʱȻִìܵĶڻ˵ͻɱı硣
ԣΪԤƵʿ뵽һָΪЧģʽԱǰ;вҪһ𣬶ǳְɢ״̬жԱһ룬ǰ·߽е̺ʽЧʣֲִ
ȻַʽȱҲԶ׼ģԱԽǷɢǰ;˵ĻҲԽߡˣ޷ֲܼ򣬶ԱǾͻۼһٶȴԽ
ʱһ֧СӴԽ֣һƬɽ֮С
ӳ˵ǸطжԶأһһŮӲŶͷĺһʮʵŮж£Ϊ
ӻشֻҪԽƬɽ룬Ͳ쵽ˡĴһƽ׽˵ԲӵԲΪǸȵˡ
ǷԽƬɽҪأһʵж꣬ԲΪǸ俪ʵļһ
Ƭɽ뼫ǵһ졣Ĵش
һ죿ҵѽǶѾһˣҪһ찡¶ɫһԸӡ
ãһ·ҲǿԲժҩģ㲻Ŷӳߣÿ첻ǵòͣһĸߴ׳ȰοǶ¸ڣǸʮӣΪ˺ʵӵԲΪ
ƲƲ첻˵ʲô
ʱһԷֵǵʵӳЩİ֧᲻Ѿ˽ȵأӽжԶΪԸȽų
еİ֧ͨģͨ׵ؾĸҩЩΪѴڣϾҪͻƵʿ˵İ֧ջʮġ
ڶԶǣĴ϶ظ˻ش𣺡ԲܣǵطΣһػһ˿ɽӽˡ
ǻ᲻Ҳ򲻹ֻأԶЩʵ
ĺˣûҪֻ潻սһ󷨿ԽסȽҩժֱӳǡĴ˵
˷׷׵ͷ
ţֵȻһ·̣ҪҸطϢһɡ
ǰطʱΣգñֳ;СԶͬЩ֣жȻҪһ˸Ӻķ
ĴͷӦǺðɣһǰһѰҺʵĵطϢ˵ţͷɽȥ˽ϡ
һһŮһֱδ˵еׯܣʮ꣬ԲΪԸЩƧŮг˪˪˪ǸŮʮӣӵΪ
һ˸ոһС£׼һƬɽǰʱ򣬺ɽһ󡰶Ĵ
ӳǰڽսҪ˳ɽƹȥɡԶЩ
Ĵ룬ͷӦϾǵΪҪϵؾǿߣΣϵǺܸߵġ
ɾ͵׼˳ɽ֮ʱɽڵĴͻȻͣЪűһ󼱴ٵĽŲ߿
ϵɫӦ·ɽеĴһӣһȱڵĴ󽣣һɫҴҵӣȻҶ졣
Ҷ죬϶¶֮ɫΪ޷ΪȻΪǵؾǿߡ
Ҷ֮ʱҲɽȺˣԥƵȺ˳ȥûܼ󷽴׷һֻ;͸һľЫӡ
ֻЫͨɫ·ýɵһ㣬رǰֻǯƵľ޴ļӣη״߳ĳββǸ׶һ󧣬һпԵޱȡ
Ҳ֪ղҶֻЫڴ򶷡
ӺЫӵжԱøѸˣĶԽճ㼱ٰڶţ翪һ㣬Ӿ׷Ҷ漴ұֻǿſϴڵҶ챳ȥҪǱӼеӲгزŹ֡
һĻɽϵĶʶؾѵСģ
ҶҲѾʶ˱״Ѹٻͷٽ񵲡
ᣡЫӵļü˽ĽĦһƤ
ЫӵļȻǿȴδܽҶͨжϡ
һĻĴ˵ֻЫӻڳɳڣǰʶһֻƵЫӽһµȱжϡ
µȱжϣЫӸöôˡɴ۾̾༸ҲһԾӡ
Ыڽϵޣ֮ϵӲƤҪһƷ鱦ӲϵĴ
ʱֻЫӼһգֻһֻҶϮȥ
д󽣱ԷеģҶҲֻˡ
æӳֲ˶ˣȥɡ
ֻôǹӣôùأԶη
ʵҲûôѶԸȻϵƤ׺ܼӲǱȽϴģֻҪѰһ𹥻׾ͿԽնɱĴ
ôһ˵Ҳûʲôµˣ׷ȡһѷЫӳȥ
һȺ˽ЫΧһȦǰ˸ЫעŻЫӸ𹥻
ôˣЫԵЩֲƬ̣㱻һɫҺ˿ڴЫʹġ˻˻ֱУжҲ¡
һûֶܼþͱŵڵأǽɫҺһأɢŨѪϢ


270 
ҶߵЫӸǰʰ˵ϵĴ󽣣ȻĴһǰмлλ
ֵ̫ˣν·ƽεڰˬʵЦ˵ţŤͷ˵ϸ磬øȥǼһֻ
ʲôɻ
Ȼʹˡ˵
ŶڴӦһȻߵЫӸǰ˸ĭͷ߾ٹͷ׼ЫһֻĹؽڲλ
һһͷ¡

Ľײ£ЫӵĹؽڴһӣǱһǿķ˴صɳȥ
˶Ŀɿڴ
ǱĴӵʹ˵ϵܣ
׷ˣ޷ķġĴѵȻҶ˵ֵܣֻһֻЫӽôãӦΪɣ
ҶͷЦǰΪû˵ѣΪڵΪȷʵѾ˵ؾڣҲΪˣûǱذԸЫӣѿͷȽϴ
Ϊ޷Ϊأɻʵ
ǺǣֻΪҽΪ˶ѡҶڽ͵
ЦЦԭһΪǵؾǿء
ҪǵؾǿߣһˣĻᱻ׷ɽܡҶЦ
ͷ˵Ҳǣˣֵôأע⵽Ҷֻž͸ľ̿һڵ֣Եú档
ôһʣҲҶֿȥ
ΪжԵʡҶʵ͵
жǺĶѲǱֻЫӸˣһĵӡ
ҶЩգҪǱֻЫǾ޴βһ£ﻹʲôֱӾһغˡ
ȻҶ첢ûнҴԷһʵ̶̳ȣҡͷЦȻǣǱһֻСҧġ
㻹湻ùģĨڵģͦصӣòôɣԶʵ˵䣬ĿҶͱ˳
ӣʲôأҿλֵɫͦģһֻܸЫսӦûʲô󰭲ǡûغǳ
ҲԶƲƲ
лλģѾѹסֻҪͿԽˡ״ܲ룬Ҷ컹ǹɵ˵Ϊղӵ΢δӹ۾ҲЩ˻㲡ҪȻұ¶Լʵ
Ȼû£Ǿ̫ˣҪֵ㲻ĻͼǶɡĴʢ
Ĵⷬ˵ɫͬеıʾӭеЩԸӣرǸӣһĲˣҶǷǮƵġ
ȴǺ˵ǰֵܣطʮһжǺΣյģ͸һ߰ɡ
˲ûб̬
Ҷɨһۣа룬ڵ״ͨҲӦȸЩˣڶ˵뵽ҶЦŵͷӦֻҪλȻûʲôľơ
Щһﲻ鲻ԸҲҽܣǸг˪˪ŮӣҶ쵹Ƕ࿴ۣŮƯʵʧΪһָ
˪˪ƺҶĿ⣬ҶƳһۣĿдһ˿֮ɫ
ҶսĿջأǼһȴִϣ츽ԣСѵľֵܣǿǶ̵õ壬ҲͰˣǧȥҪȻǻԿͷġ
Ҷһա
ʱĴ˵ȻľֵܾǣҲýǵжƻȷ֮ˡ
ƻѵλǵĴѰҩ𣿡ҶԵЩɻ
Ĵҡҡͷ˵ҶֵܣѾҵڶνˣϴνʱҷһƬΪεɽȣŴİֻ֧ɽһֻػţûܲժЩҩ뿪Ƭɽ֮ڸµǺţҵǣνô͵һǺŸ
ĴⷬҶΪʲôЩ˶ԵòôӭȻԼļƱػǵһҩ
ôϴȻʱڸط¼ǺţΪβֱȥԸֻأҶɣνĸƤֳջĵطɲԺ˵Ļ
Ϊֻʵ̫ʿܶԸ˵ģҵؾǿ̫ҲŻȸһ飬óֵ׼жĴĵؽ͵
Ȼֻ޲ʿԸ˵ģЩ˹ȥкأҶɻ
ĴЦЦ˵ĺˣʮռһ׼󷨣ȻԽֻ޻ɱҪסǲġ
ȻĴشͷͷǵҶܾЩԾʮʱ취ȥԸһֻޣΪ˼İ֧ôˣƽһܵõ٣ϸ룬һƺɵ㣬ҶҲû̫࣬ЩֻΪ˳ûⶾҩʲôģҲͲˡ
ӳǻǸϽȥѰϢĵطɡԵЩƣ롣
Ҷһæ˵λҪҵطϢĻɣ֪һεɽ
ԶԶأϲ
ɽ߼Ӿ͵ˡҶش
̫ˣϽ·ɡȲ
ţҸɡ˵ţҶͷɽ£ȥ
һСƬӣǰһ£µһ˶ɽ
ߵɽǰҶͣ½Ųͷ˵ղֻЫӾɽϵġ
ɽӣ᲻ỹʲôأԶǵʵ
Ӧòᣬľֵܵ˵ɽӦֻЫӵĵ̣Щ޵ظǿǲ̤ԼصģͬҲĴ˵
ȻǾϢˡ¿Ѿûټȥˣ˵ž͵ɽȥ
ڸϽںͷ׷ϣƺǵΣƵġ
༸Ҳ߽ɽûߵ̫ڹܹյϢ
Ϣڼ䣬Ҷþ취ⶾ
ϥ£ڵϸһ飬ȻұϵĶرⶾǿѹסˣԾԵúܻԾǲⶾҩάֲ˶õġҪЩرƳ⣬Ψһİ취Ǵұ۵ѨλЩرƳȥܵЩӰԵüȶ˵ǱƶˣǵԵüΪѡ
һ˼Ҷ취Щų⣬ڸôܿ˶Բߡ
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ҶĨ˰ѺֵܣӦ̫İɣֻҪԺһ㣬Ȼͻָġ
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˿˵ĿⶼԵЩ죬˵Ȥʵڽǲҹά
Ľֵ˵Ŀ⣬ȫ޶ãҶƤ񣬾ּȱĵĿ⣬ҲЦӭ
˽ûûˣʵڿȥǱָûأôôĻ⣬Ͳܻ㽡ϵĻ𣿡
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ܿ죬Ŀ˰֮Ϊ͵ĶϣѾΪͻƵ㡣
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274 ʬ
Ҷ첻ߵǸӸǰذ״ٿڰ𣬲·ϰѪȻͷȥ
ͷھʣһˣҪأǰأҶذףǳЦʵ
ͷɫ쳣أɻĻǶԷǱذףѾԼʶһ
˵ǰƺҲֻжԷ˵·ˣҪôתܣҪôƴһս
֮ǰԷʩչַԼתܣ¶˶ԷǰǾǱɵġҲ˵ΨһĻǽԷܡ
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Ҷ˰֣ЦˣյʱǲҲǳְ˵䣬ֳĴƳһۣûֻܽϺβ;ܲˬ
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Ϊ֮ǰһս˴̫ԣϢ˱Ƚϳʱ䣬Ҷ콫ڵĶƳ߰˷ֵʱ򣬶һ̤̣δ֪ǰ
Դֻؾʵľ֮˵жԱý࣬ǰٶҲ˼֣Ĵ˵ؾһɽлǱϾѾôһֻЩ
һ·սĶһЩʵޣʿҲ˼˫·һ
Сʱ֮ǴԽƬɽ롣
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Ȼ֪ɱôˣʵһǳɣҶʵ
Ѫľʵ֪ؾ쾳ǿڵģؾ׵ļһΪԲᳬؾԲĴ϶˵
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ţǾ뿪ɡĴ˵űͷɽƬɭֱȥ˿첽ϡ


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ׯŸأϽߣԶͷк
ׯܶ˵׷ȥ
ɭҰ޵԰ؾ֮Ҳˡ
ԣƬֵʱǵжʿǼжŶӶѡٶȴԽ
Ȼ˵ٶȲܲٶͷϹ壬Ϊһ·Ͻײޣû׼һСľͳ
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Ұһеͽ޻Ϊ˵ֵطȱӻױʳ߶ϡ
ĸţȻûߵ̫죬һЩ߽޵ʱܿ
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УΪƣľҪŮ˺ͶԶǸˡ
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Ĵ˵ͷȻеĵͲɨһȦмĵϣ֤˶ܱյ


276 
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˵˵ʱռϷ磬ҪǶӳ֣ͱҸˡԶ
㻹˵ҪڶԸֻػưɲݵʱ̫ڱռ𣿡ĵ
ԶԴһƲʲôʽΪΪܡ
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ΣҶҲֻܽ˪˪ӵϱûҼŸιʳ񵤣ҪȻҲһǿɾ鷳ˡ
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Ĵû˵һ㣬Ҳʶˣֻ¸޲ߡ
ҶһŽԶ߷ɣȻ˵룬긽϶ʲôƣҪȻȫÿ϶һ飬Ƕȥ
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ٽӭĶԶֻһȭɣȻɻʵʳʲôĿأ
ҲΪҶ²֪ʵбԻ֮˵
ҲʳһΪ˻ֲָµ
ǲƶϣ˵ǹһּܣʩչּܵʱҪĳָİ취ʳ꣬ǲŲƵʩչܡĴƶϵ
ĴҶ쵹Ҳͬϴκֻս֮ʱȻҪĳġ
ȫڸһϺ󣬾ֱӽ˵ʳˣȻȥԸһˡɡ
Ҳϣô򵥣Ҫʳһ˵겢ô׵ģÿֵֵȥʳղţ֮Ըҿ϶˪˪С껹ûбʳΪţһ˵ûôױսʤġҶ˵
ĴͷͬȻֻô˪˪С壬سС겢ֵķȥʳ
ΪҪݶֵܵ壬ǷνĹأʵ
Ҷ쿴˿ǰѾˣȴԾɲͣٽĶԶ˼˵ҪɱǣҲΪȥɱֻҪһ޴ҲͿԱʳˡ
ɴɱˡ
ɱҪܴģö˶˵ýԼϴ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҡҡͷֲģҪʲôأ
Ϊ岢ģ͸ûȨˣҲӦ÷ˣȻܹݱ˵壬ȴ޷Ҳ˵ƵģҲ޷屾ܵηУԲҪ֡Ҷ²
Щ²ⶼĻǱ˵Ѿ϶ֵܵˡź
ǱʲôҪȻʳ˶ֵ֮ܵ󣬿ɾֵˡ
Ҷ룬취ѶֵƷסҸιʳһЩ񵤣ԸܹĹ


277 ж
ܹ޷ԶԶԶͣƷǺķ˴ﲻ
ʱԶѱĴڵأá
ҶߵԶǰӣֱ㽫ڼܾҲûá
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һ˷׷˱ܣԼΪԷһĿꡣ
Ŀһɨ׼Ķֱȥ
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ڣһߵϿȵľͷ
Ĵ֮ǰһǰһƬɽȣлвݣмòһжһԴ񾲸о
ֻ޾Ͳǿɽ֮СĴָǰµ£һֱ׶ľ޴ɽʾ
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ӷϺĴѵǽɽȺһܿһǾͽΧ𣬲ָžͰ֮ǰļƻ¡סǵֻһǾǽסһҪʮ־Ϊκһ˵ʧ󶼿ܻᵼȫû
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׼ˣӦ
ãǿʼж˵ţĴͷɽȥ˿첽ϡ


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׼ҰмĴٴһ˵ţ׼õһɫӣֱǾȥ
žɫǾԴϣըһƬ̶ֳȵĹ޷˿˺Ǳŭˡ﷢һŭĿĴϣɽ֮Ʒɱ
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ͺ֮ǰԸֻʱһе켤һâ˰ΧȦмǾޣâһסֻޡ
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ѵɽ滹ʲô²²
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ǾԽ˾Խɽرǳ˪˪ͶŮδԲȻܲסķɡ
ɽڵĽâһּţһĴسɽûȥժЩİֱ֧ӳɽȿڷȥ
ʱɵҲ׹ˣȻĴԲժİ֧ΪڽƭȻסֻǾޣĿΪɽı
㣬ǣŭȵ
˵أֻҪܶԸֻؾڵޣЩİ֧ȫǵˣĴЦųɽȿڱȥ
ĴⷬɫɲǼò԰ֽǶʶԼǱɵˡ
ۿĴҪɽȣҶʮָɴض죬ѸȡǱɫذףעֱӳĴȥ
ذɲ֮չΪʮ׳Ľ𽣣âš
أؾǿߣ
Ĵܿ˱ϮĿֲæһ
ᣡ
ưĴϣڽ𽣵£֧Ƭ̱ӦĴ˱ɣɽȿڡ
ǵؾǿߣĴȺͲ˼飬ǧȻû㵽һ㡣
ͰȥɡҶɾ׼ʩչһĴ֮ʱͻȻ𡰺䡱һ졣
֮ǰֻܽؾסôãҪǵҶĳҶȻŲƬ̾ͱǾ޸ˡ
ҵĳײ򵹷ɳȥеײ£еײɣײĳ̶ض׶༪ˡ
ǾһŭسɽȿڵĴȥҶǾ޵ǰ·ϣΪǾ޵ĵһ
Ǿ޶żͳҶæ
أ
Ǿ޵ļصײϣȻûеҶȴǱײõɳȥײ˺󷽵һ£дҲײ֮±
һĻĴϿȣƴǰڵɽȥ
ǾûҶ죬ֱĴ׷ȥ¡¡ŲҲԶȥ
ܶĴߵıܺ棬Ҷ첢δ׷ȥΪ֪ĴٶȣԼȻ׷ϵģȻֻǾҲδ׷ϡ
ӵѸȥ
źǶڡ˶Ѿ˪˪˵ײһƬľԻдһȴҲֹۣ϶ദ֦ˣ·ȾѪ
Ҷɵؽ·ֳȥѸȡסϼص˿ڡ
ԷԣңҶûעȡһι¡
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ҪҶƺأˡ˵䣬Ҷעһ
˪˪Ŵǰˣ΢΢졣
ĸ£˪˪ѸٺתҲָ˾ϥԼʼˡ
˪˪״̬ȶҶվҪȥժЩİ֧ŲϿȷȴǴˡ¡¡ŲҲֻ֪Ǿֻˡ
˪˪ƺҲʶΣ۾Ҷ쿴ȥ
Ҷü˼Ƭ̣Ը㰲˰ɣȥԸֻޡֻ֪ǾǷѶر֮Ѿ׼ŭˣǲɱɽȻǲܵġ
ֻǾֻеؾڵʵҪȵؾʿΣգΪӵӴ塢ֲ˿еȷӲƤ
㣬Сĵ㡣˪˪ǵѵ
˪˪ҶһΪһ渶
һҶͷЦ޵
˪˪ûٰڳǸ˵ı飬ǺɬصͷټӲıҲǻڻģΪϾˮɵġ
Ȼ˪˪⸱ߵ̬Ķˣ£ҶѾûʱȥŮ˵ΪǾѾɽȣŭس߿񱼶
ҶѸȡɫذףͬʱɽ뱼ȥܿ˪˪ʹܵսĲ


279 
ɽģҶ߾ذףעǾޱķȥ
ذѸײڶ֮չʮףǾ޵Դϡ
磡
һͷ·ڼӲʯһ㣬˳Ƶ
ͺҶһеȱûܻǾ޵ӲƤػֻ´һۡ
ذ׵Ĺ£Ǿ޵ĳԻ˻Ҷһűû׼ָסǾ޵ķǿʲô̶ȣȻپʲôʽȥԸ
ǾƺǲҶϵΣϢһ²Ҳ˼֣ǡ¡¡Ųϵס
ۿǾ޾ҪҶǰԶĳ˪˪ᵽɤۣҶʤֱܽӹϵ
Ǿ޳ǰԶʱҶݲȵĽϵĵָʩչ
¡
£âţƿ֮ǾϮȥ
ھâգ֮ײǾ޵Դϡ
أ
ɲǼâ䣬̻ͬţѤޱȡ
໣
ǾʹһƱӲֹһȻûܻƤ׷ȴԴϻһƬڡϵӵǿĴ͸Ǿ޵ķǿҲֵס֣ˣŻоʹ
Ǿ֮ͣʣҶһ룬ԸȻһǽʮΣյġ
Ҷƺһ㣬ǰֻͨҰޣһֻޣһֻӵŵؾΪϵޡ
Ǿ޲δҶ׷ȥֻֻǰڵһţǰ߸̧Ȼڵأءһ졣
Ҷ׶Է˾ٵ⣬´һǿ漴ǲڱĴһ㣬˱߸ߵ
Ҷڰ֮ʱǾ޿첽嵽·ȻſѪڣ¶ƵļȴҶȥ
ߣҪңǾ͵ÿûˡҶһذעֱǾ޵Ĵȥ
Ǿ޵ķӦʮһҶнâͽ͸
ᣡ
ײǾ޵ƤϣһǻǹȻδܸ湦ҶýԶǾ޵Ĵʳ
һһէĳ棬ɽг˪˪ġء⼸غϽսҶĴ̫룬ΪĹԴ͸Ǿ޵ķ
˪˪нҲ޿κΣ֪ǰ̶ֳȵսʵȾָġ
ʵϣ⼸غҶ첢δʩչʵһ̽Ǿ޵ķǿȣһڵȴֵʱ
£ʱƺѾ죬ǾĴûᣬȭʩչ
Ȼ˵ʩչʽȭûΪϵƣʵϻԼģȭľʽֱӦǰк󡢵ؾǰк쾳ǰкŸ硣ҶĿǰؾΪʵֻʩչȭǰʽȻҲܹʩչʽǵʽҪĵʮ־ˡԵߡڰˡھʽҲֻеΪﵽ쾳׳ΪԪʺʹá
֮ǰҶʩչȭҶԸĶǵؾڶ֣սȭĵʽΪؾǰʽȴԽؾڶֵԴ˿ʽԻؾԲֵԣҶõʽԸǰֻǾޡ
ʽʩչҶӰζÿһἤһӰǰϮȥ
ҶʩչȭͬʱǾѾŴ󲽳˹
һӰܿǾᣬȻһ㱻ײ֧飬ţڶӰھǰҲԵòһ
ֱӰֵʱƲųһЩĹۣӰȭͷǾ޵ļ˴ײʹԭѸ͵ĳƣ֡
ŵӰķƺѾʶΣգٴνǰ߸Ծ
һĻҶ찵вæӿٶʩչʽĶջûʽĶ׼ϣǾ޵ǰȻڵأһα
ͬʱӰĹѾϮǾ޸ǰ
أ
ҵϮ֮£Ǿ޶ͷϵƤױһ˿˿ѺۣʹһӴǱˡ
ҶȽڵأӵӰӰ㲻ֻܽһУҲܵشźǵӰûüʩչȭȻǷȱݱӣǰǼʽȻãʵΪʽ
ǾѾ̵һеҶٴʩչĻȻ᲻һеؼԸ档ԣҶ첢δʼʩ֮Զһô׳Ĵ񱼶ȥ
Ǿ޲δܵصĴˣվƺҶ׷ȥ
Ҷܵ£һԾһ׸ߵĺ֦ϣҲͿԷֹǾ޵̤عˡ
֮˫־ǰָָݻǾ޵ķ
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ʵҶϣûɽӡǾѾ嵽˸ǰǸļǷź⣬ֱҶײȥ
أ
ͺ֮ǰǴײһǾ޵ײԾδܳ׻ҶҶ컹Ǳײʯһ㼲ٵɳȥ
ڷ˵ͬʱҶϵĽӡδֹͣ
ۿӾҪײ󷽵ϣָ׼ɡ
ָͼţҫ۵Ľââ̼Ǿ޵ԴͼŽâ·ϮȥϢǾ޵Դϡ
ͼھһżߵԵĴһ㣬˳Ǿ޵ƤȫӣƬ̱ѽȫס
սָĹҶҲײ±ڣҵײ֮£ٴαһεƺҪϴθһЩ֮ʱҶоȫͷҪɢһ㡣
һĻɰԶĳ˪˪þĲѡ
ľ磬û°ɣ˪˪ǵʵ
ҶоԼϵʹѾ룬Ŵӵ˲ǵһ˿Ѫشû£
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ͼǾάƬ̺ʧӰһͼڵĹƺδ˿Чϸɷ֣ǾԭĻƤѾð޹⣬Ȼķ߽ˡ
ͼڵɢȥǾƺҲʶԼ״﷢һŭ𣬽űѸٵͷֱǿɽȥ
Ҷ쵱ȻӻضǾת֮ʣذעֱӳǾޱȥ
âһذչʮףǾޱϺȻ¡
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ǾǾ޴Ӳ룬Ĳˡ


280 
Ҷ쳤һذž޵ʬȥҳ޺ˡ
Ǿ͵ߵʬ帽ʱ򣬱ǼͻȻŵһޱȴ̼ζһ㱣ʶҲ޾ԡռˡ
˪˪ʯͷˣվԳҶȥƺԼ
˼󣬿ǳѪȣ˪˪üͷͣ½Ųûٿ
ٿҶԭûзӦ˪˪Щɻʵľ磬ôˣ
絼һ㣬˲ȼҶǻа
ҶȻͷȥЦ⡣
˪˪쳣ʶ˿ʵľ磬㣬û°ɣ
Ҷ˵ͬҰһ㣬ų˪˪˳ȥ̰֮ɫ޾ԡ
һĻ˪˪ŵ˲Ȼûźһͻʯ㵹վҶǿ׳Ѿѹ
֪˶ãҶʶػָԼſڳ˪˪ʱȻһ
⣬⵽ô£Ҷ¶֮ɫ˵Ѿӳ˪˪𣬿Է滨ģٿĨѪ죬ҶԴȻ˸ղſʬʱŵǹɴ̱ǵζѵǡѾ˴𰸡
ʱ˿̣ҶΣźεԼŮ˵ףźǣԼȻʲôҲǲãҲ˵װ˷һδûᣬһǶԷĵһΣҶԩͷڹĸо
ԷǻԼøλǵøġ
ǸղҲġҶҲֻӲͷƤ͵ԷûзӦּȻ˵ЩѾûκˣ롭
ûҶ˵ȥ˪˪Ȼ˵ʲôҲ˵ˡ˵ţӵ𣬳Լıȥ
Ҷε̾˿·ȷһ񵤣ȻС޵ʬ忿
βûŵִ̼ζѾӷˡ
Ҷӵʰһֳ֦ھʬﲦŪţѰ޺ˡ
ڴڼ䣬˪˪ĳܸղֳܼǿӣվǸŮˡ
ãҵ޺ˣʵҪЩѰ޺˲ʲôѵ£Ϊ޺˾ͺ鱦һǵĻҲ˳Ⱦ
ҵ޺֮Ҷǿɽȥ
ɽȻܴ󣬵ȴû߼͵ͷˣɽյʲôҲûУҶϸ۲һ飬һгɶļ󡣲Ҳ֪Ĵһڴ˵ذʲôҩҾԲһҩҪȻôλؾǿ˴µز߻˴жء
£ĴѾߣҪҲ̫ˣҶû̫࣬ת߳ɽ
˪˪ȻϥڲݴҶҲûȥһ˽ڡ˵ʬһȡϵıȡеҩֽŻصϣȻʯͷǵʬ
ǰͺͺʯѣҶ̾˿˵ﻷģ԰ҷˮҲܹڴҲˣҪͷΪʳʬ޴ҪǿǾͰĵס°ɡȻҲòлңɲ޳ЩҩҲͲˣȨǰˡ
˵ţҶֶʯѾϹݣȻһҩɽڡ
ҩһҶһƨڵ£Щҩ
ϵҩ鵤ҩģоΣΪβҩؾ鵤ĴưɲݻҪϡ١
Щ鵤ҩ֮⣬ȻҲвͨĸģټǰһƬİ֧ǿԵƳͨ
ǣҶ¯ȡʼ
˪˪ã̬˲۽ǵˮŤͷԶɽڵҶ쿴ȥ
ԷŸ¯ڲͣţȻܹµԷ
֪˲Ũĺġ
ӵеؾΪǷڽҲǸˣղŶԸ޵ЩʽʮأȻһĹټ֮Ѳڽĸɵĵӣ˪˪лɣϸһ룬ȴ־ЩڽЩɸȱҩֺðΣս˵ء
ãҶͷϵĻæˣһƳ鵤ĿͨһʣµЩİ֧Ƴҩ
չ֮¯ʣҩվƨϵĳ˪˪ȥ
ŮѾֹͣ˹ȥ
Ҷ˪˪ͷԵЩš
ߵ˪˪ǰҶĵʵЩ𣿡
˪˪˵ͷ
ǸϽ뿪ɡҶ˵
˪˪ǵ˵ͷžվ˱
ҶҲû˵ʲôͷɽȿȥ˪˪ĬĬں󷽸ϡ
һӣҶûбҪԷǱղΪСˡ
Ҷ˵꣬˪˪ϵ֪òٽˡ
ģһᲹġҶ˵
ˣҵ˪˪Ȼ˵
Ŀͺܾ˵ĥѾȥˣ뵽ǹƧĮԸҶŮƺż䱯ҵ
ȻҲ֪ϷʲôҾԼӦԼգԹҺңҲϣʹҶ쿪
ʵȷʵɱ㡣˪˪ҶƳһۣȻ첽ǰȥ
Ҷ캹յظȥ
һ·˶û˵һֱߵڵɽڣ˪˪ͣ˽Ų
Ҷߵԣһֻ֣ǣҵ֡
ˡ˪˪Ȼܾ
ֻ˵ɽҶ˵
˪˪ȻһЦ˵Ҫǵһ˰ˡ
Ҳǵ㣬ǵḽȻԸҡҶֱ׵˵
˪˪һۣȻܲԸؽҶĴ֮УȻηȴҲϣ걻ʳķʽȥ
Ҷ˪˪֣ɽȥ
ڵɽƬ̣ҶͻȻ뵽ϻһԵֵͲõİԾȡ˳
ע룬ԾľһƬ⣬ǰ·յͨ
˹˱ӿŲǰȥû߶ñ㵽˾ͷ
һɽȻǸսʱĵطҲض
ҶĥŸôͷʼѰңɾʱͻȻ˪˪һ㤣üͷһѸŤͷȥȴһذӭ
ҺҶԤϣҪȻóϴ
㿪ذ׵Ĺ˪˪롣
㻹ǲײĲᣬΪүɱ𣿡ҶЦ⡣


281 ԩ
ԱϣҶѸϥ£˫ֺʮǱľ
Ǵľģ벻֪һ֮ԣ̺ķԷ֣ĿǰҶҲֻķı⣬ԸһѾ´ˡ
žĵУҶ³һɫģЩľǳ۾һ㣬ӭĳ˪˪Ʈȥ½˪˪ĶܵĵϮ˪˪ʮʹƵģ˫ؽסⲢֹĵ֡
֮󣬹ܲסӳ˪˪˳źڰĽӴܡ
ЩɫľһƵ˳ȥܿ㽫Χͣʴ
귢Ĳҽͬʱͣذţ󣬴Ұɣˡ
ҶֹͣУȥʵ˵굽ʲô
ɢ󣬹һϢ̱ڵأ֮ǰ͸࣬ҪҶȥؽɢ
ؿ˵ǣǱӡؾĵ
ӡؾģѵؾĴھΪ˷ӡҶ쾪ɵ
⣬СľͣͲ֪ˡش
ʳкĿأҶʵ
һΪΪǿԼҪҪҵ꣬׸󣬴˵ĻǾͿԵõ˵ʹ͡ش
Ҷ룬ʵҪЩʲôأ
СĲ֪ҡͷش
Ҷ˿ѵӣҲûΪʵӦ֪İɣȻһֱɽ֮ǰĴȥʱȻǿġ
ղǸ㱳ķܳȥġʵ˵
ҶŰԾǶұգȻתߵ˪˪ǰڷȥ
ʱ갧ˣҳȥɡӾĴ˵Щû취ԽЩġ
ȥǳˣ͹ԹԴⶴɣгһջĸùʱͿԳȥˡҶ쳰һЦߵұǰһܿҵ˳ڡ
ԴһѣҶ챧ų˪˪صɽȡ
˪˪ºҶȡ
Ƭ̣˪˪˹ŵɫԵ쳣
ѾûˡҶο
˪˪ΧɨһȦʵѾ𣿡
ţҶش
˪˪վʲôҲû˵ֱӳŹȿڷȥҶĬĬϡ
˳ʱ·뿪Ƭ֮أԶԶƬɭ֣Īƣϯ
һ߰ɣᰲȫһЩҶߵ˪˪˵
˪˪ҡҡͷȻ߰ɣϲһˡ
ԷһѶӣҶҲٶ˵ʲôӰȡƿҩݸ˵Щƿװķֱһͨ鵤һЩ񵤺ͽⶾӦûаġ
ҵĲ𣿡˪˪䶢Ҷ죬Ŀôһ˿Թޡ
㲻ɱֻڸ㱨Ļᣬڳ˻û֮ǰֻʣһҲüȥҲߵġҶȰ˵˵ȡǿǾ޵޺ˣһݸ˳˪˪ⶫҲȥɣӦܻЩʯ
˪˪ֽµҩ޺ˣĬȻתȥ
ų˪˪ԶȥٻӰҶָпһ·¶Ȼֹ¶ȥµֻʹ
ֱ˪˪ӰҰ֮ʧҶ췽̾˿תһȥ
ũؾʱˣںʱرգ֪
ΪܳʮһıʱЩҩʿûûҹɽ䣬ڴУ˵ϢƬ̶ôݳޡ
ȻʿæµͬʱЩŵжȻҲʮֲⱣɱ¾ԶƬѪ֮ص
ƧɽŮΧһǰﶼһ֦˲Ų֪ʲôҰ޵⣬տš
ǹŽɺ͹Ϫ·ϽʶģҲһãеĽԸգŮĽᣬΪڡ
磬ؾҪʲôʱŽأϪ֦ϥϣ°ͣһ޾ɵģ
ҲȰﲻʲôĵطԼƫҪġŽû
ҲֻǺϪ
һ·ʬǣҲޣЩĿľѾѾͷĺĺ̽ĥĲˡ
ϪãȻѾˣǾͰĵȥɣԵһ֮˵ֻǺܿɹŶЦȰο
ǰҪ͵ǳҰӪҲСԸֵ
ʲôҰӪðΣյġϪСֹƲֵԴ
ܿ죬һŨɽȼ
ͬʱһƬïܵɭУȻţ硢ˡ
Ҷĵָˣɭֺĸ֮£һʱŽЩ£ؾķȥ
磬˵᲻ǰؾأһţһʵϿǱڴ師ӦʱܱQޡ
˵СѾͷжһܲ㣬ǻҵĻԸҸȫĵطһֱؾԴ磬ôܻܿðؾǰϸط˫ʩʩУеӡ
һ·ѾбصϢɢˣصʱĵشһʮ֡һ˷ܵ˵
࣬ԸֵܹһиҪȻɾͰæһˡ鵭Ȼ
磬˵ĵشӡĻʲôأЩڴʵ
ؾܿɹʿģû׼ĳҵҩ԰ķӡȻܽ⿪ЩţбʲôģӦһЩҩ֮ġ²
ҪܹŪʲôģǿɾͲˡЩ̰˵
Ҳ̫ˣҪסõĹкáѵ
ٺһЦ˵˵ǡ
˾һǰͻȻһڼ仹޺
磬ǰˡ˵
ţȥ˵űͷŴȥ
һƬľ֣һŨѪζ˱Ƕ
ܿ˱㿴ǰ˵ֻʨӵޣʱһֻ;޴ʨڷս߱ʨסûܿʨսˣܿǾͼ®ɽĿ
һâʨ屻ߵ£ǸʨߵӰҲҰ֮С
ӰʱɫɲǼò԰ޱȡ
ϣⲻ硢λϵŸȥȥأû뵽ǾȻԸˡǰˣҶЦ⡣


282 
ܣһʱ䷴ӦһѸתӴܣһ鷴Ӧʮ𼱵صͷܡ
Ȼү͵ߣǾԼӵ𣿡Ҷ˵ţ˵䣬Ѿذףȥ
ĹͷҲصسһͬʱеİ師ͷһ
ϣ
ػ֮£µĲȻһͣǱ師֮ǰѾΪ˽һѺٰۣһȻҲˣջԼʹ˵ػ
ȹȥźؿ˿ĶϸȻض˲ݴƴǰȥ
ûܳ¡һɫ˲ࡣҲǵһ֮£ϴεִؾŽӹһ١£֪İæҲӲһˡ
䣡
£Ȼűϱ㴫һ󴥵һľʹ
ҽһһǰ㵹
ܣͷٿҶѴӺ׷ֻһҧ˵ǰ
Ҷǰ۾գҲգֱ㿳Դͣ׷ȥЩ˵°ߵˣȻǲ˿ġ
ͷҲأǰܣҶѾʮ׵ľ룬Ϊ൱Ҷһʱ֮ʱҲ׷ȥˣҲû˿˼׷ĺǣҲ١
һһƬɭ֮׷ǰͷȻ޵ϮΪȻܹ˦󲿷ޣЩ˦ֻתĿȥԸ󷽵Ҷ죬ɸҶ˲ӡȻһЩٶȿѲʱҲεسֶԸҲؽܵӰ죬һ˵ٶȻܹԵƽ⡣
Ƭɭ쳣Ĺ󲿷ʿޱ޼ʵɭʱѡƵУΪɭԽ޾ԽܼЩԲɼҩΪĿʿ˵ɭðգɭϰȦ;ܹͬժҩץסʿǵǻɭֱԵȴ֡
Ѿɭ׷Сʱ֮ľȴû̼֣Է׷Ϊգֳ嶯Էƴһսˡ
뷨ܿʧˣΪ⡣
ǰԶһƬֻҪƬȻͿɽԷ˦
ϣʹ̵ľܳƽٶȣǰƬȥ
ҶҲѾע⵽ǰ״üͷ֪ҪöԷӽƬҪ׷ɾûôˡĿǰҪֹҲҲֻؿʧ١
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վڰǰ۲Ƭ̣ذעֱӳŰȥ
ҶǣЩһ㣬ȻûܶԽâá
Ƭ̺Ҷֽ˻ӣȻЩȫֻǻӰѡ
һԥҶһᣬһӲͷƤ˰֮С
ԭΪǰããһƬ޷ʵϲˣϡ˼֣ѾԿʮԶ
ҶΧɨһۣܿЩŨܵİȻʧˣ˼ΧΧϡİȻû˳
⵽ô£ողûоѣĸоҲ˵ǴͽģôᷢıأƬââҶüͷ󲻽⡣
ȻһʱҲŪҶҲû̫࣬˵ҪĻҵ磬ԭȵķȥ
ΪҰޣûߵ̫죬һ·СĽǱذҲһֱʱ׼Ӧս
һֱǰʮӣΧİȴ˿ɢ;֮лʬǣеǺǰµĺǣеȴʵʬ塣Щʬ̬󲿷ֶɱģ˵һʵطʮΣա
Ҷʮ־ǰȥ˼ӺĽŲȻͣΪΧĳʮϤԼƺֻصԭ㡣
ƬɭЩ֡Ҷ૵ΪȷԼǲǻصԭ㣬ذڱϵϿ˼ǺţȻԭķǰһ·ϻ˲ٵļǺš
СʱĽŲһͣΪڸ֮ǰµļǺţҲ˵ԼȷʵǶһȦص㡣
ѵ˵·ˣҶа룬ܿ뷨ԣһ·򵥣϶ʲôԾĵط
˼Ƭ̺ǰǷ񻹻صԭ㡣
µļǺźѡһ֮ǰǰ·ߴֱķ;֮ͬһ·¼Ǻš
飬ƬɭѰų·
֮ѾNλصԭ㣬ɾˣȻû٣һµķǰΪ֪طʮΣգԼһҲͣ
Ҳ֪˶ãǰãã֮һӰ
ѵ磿ҶԱһô׳ɺ󷽣ϢͬʱذעֻҪһȷԷ磬նɱ
ǸӰӰ֮˳Ҷǣ磬һʮĴ󺺣ӵеؾǰΪһƣӣƺѾƬ˺ܾˡ
Ȼ磬Ҷ㽫ذȻɺ˳
Щ㱣һֱߵҶǰŲĴڡ
Ҷ죬һѸ˿γһ佣ָҶ죬ʵʲôˣŵӣƺҲǵһˡ
ԷЩҶæοֵţûж⡣
û˿иʵô
֮ǰɭ￴һƬ߽֮ҲȥˡҶʵ˵ʵֵҲƵɣ
Ҷôһ˵󺺷иĽҲȥ
ֵܣ֪жˣҶ̽ʵ
ҡҡͷԴƺѾˡ
⸱־ģҪʳʲôƺҲ̫ˡ
Ҷ̾˿˵ֵܣԼذɣҾиˡ
˵ţҶҪƹǰȥǾ󺺲֮ʣͻȻӽ
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Ѫɽ󺺡ͨһԵڵء


283 
󺺵״ʬ죬Ƕɱġ
Ƭ̺ҶѸٳ󺺸ǰץ֣һȦ
ϲûκ쳣ѵǾʲô̼Ҷջ૲²ţ֮ǰǾ㱵ӣӿ϶²⣬ֻʲô̼أһʵ벻ס
Χ˿ֲӿûҾ֮ǰķ񱼶ȥ
ֲ֪˶ãȻƬ֮ƣĸоϮͷһ;е˵һʮΣյźš
ƧĹȵУһź£ֺڲǰȥϻһŰòŮӡ
Ůԭյ˫·Ǵγһ㣬ΧĳٷԼһӿʱæʲôˣҪȥģſҡ
ɶС㣬ˡʮƽ˵µĲû˿ٻ
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ɶСĪֻҪԹϣǲ˺ġӺ˵
Ҫʲôɶʵ
ũؾ֮СӸ֮
ũؾѵǶؾķӡűصϢΪˣɶԴʵ
ǱػʲôɶСֻҪ⿪ӡɡƽ˵
˵صķӡǹʿģɲҵСܽ⿪ġɶһֳݵĿ˵
벻֪ɶСѧţѾͨ󷨣ҶԹҲоɶСҲ޷⿪˷ӡҲܽˡӴ̾Ŀ˵
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һɶСòŲġӲΪȻֵĻЩ·;ɶСͱĿɣñ˼ѡ
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ȻҶǣƺЩԾ˫Լͷֽǻ˲Ŀһ㡣
һĻҶûټǰԶԶ۲
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Щ˼Ҷƣ̱ڵأҳһš
֪ǰĳȴ˱仯ǶôϤĻ档
ѪɣĴӣҽ˷
һɱ¾һΣǼԶĨȥ˵ĳޡ
һ죬Լļ԰⵽˵֣̮ˣһˣǵѪڿ޺ȡ
ؿһĻĻǸʱԼǶôսǸʱҪԼĻ

Ҷŭһ񱩵עذ֮Уذ׽âţɲ֮չʮס
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ܿ죬е˶ˣսѪɺӣʬɶѣΨһ˶Ѫ֮УȾѪŶħһĿ΢Ц
ñһжˣԼʹҲˡ
ذףָԼؿڣ׼Ϊⳡɱ¾Բľš
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Ҷߵǰ鼮ķ濴˿дĸԴŷ֣Ҷַ裬ԾһĦҲϳĸ֣־̸
⿴ֱԲ²⣬صӦöһЩ¼֮£ҶľϻҳǱĶ
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ģ͵Ҷ쿴һҳʱüͷ


284 
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Щ˵ˣҶæϸؽƪӼĶ
֣еȴԸӡ
ЩصϹʱڵ¼ݿ֪ʱһΪааרԸ壬ʳΪʵ쳣ǿᣬ֮֮⡣
䣬أΪ˶ֹⳡ˼ƽ٣ؼܲ󷨣ڴˣսа
ڽδأֽǸȻδնɱνũؾǵõ󷨡
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鼮ҶһⱾ־̸ս˱
תһȦȷûʲôֵǮĶת뿪ľݡ
ɭֱԵһͺͺʯɽϣŽɽϢ
ŽԶ׵ܲķ򣬹ϪԸвʵ磬㲻ȥĵشɣ
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ĺˣǲ῿̫ģ˵ؾ˹ҲֻһСĴʿĻôءŽɰ
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ֵܣǰƬɭ˹ǲɭֱԵ߱ȽϱأԸǰƬޱ޼ʵɭ
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һ·ϣ޵ǲ٣Щ޶־̸ҵӰضһЩޣؾҲϹʱĲ
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ЩӣѵŮ˻𣿡һװ׾ĳ̫Ի˵˵Żָ˰ζǰķ˿ĶŶ˻㤡
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ڰֵԱ⣬ֵ̽ӲҪ˻Ů֣ЩǣǿṹϷӦԣǴȡϷŮˣû׼Ǵ˵гԽ˺Ů˵ࡣӺص٩
ǻӿȥӣҪٸҳԲѷĻŲҰˣࡣ
һԷһģæֵܣֻǿЦѣûг˼
ߣҲҡǻԴһƳȻ˵
ˣˣϲŮ˻ϲˣȳȥԺǰôô棬Ҫץʱռҩǰˣɱ˰ɡ̷Ů䵭
Ͻ㣬Ҫٿǿǡһģ
ûʲôÿǵģҪ᲻֣Ůֱǡ˵䣬ŮѴѶ̵Ѷ̵ȻǳɶԵģҲһ˫Ҷǣ⾹һеȱ
ԷҪֵӣԸæŮҩʲôģǿȫǣǷһ·ɡ
Ҫǰ͸ǣǾͷ㡣Ц
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285 
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Ϯİ̷Ůӻæסƣӵ񵲡

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ϪɫףŽɺԸն֮ɫԭǻĥ˫ܹǻлܣ˫ܴܾ˵Ļû׼ܼ֮
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Ϊ飬Ϊȫ̷Ů˸֣Ѵƴһսˣһ߶ԣҪҪ


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ڼ䣬ĿһһɨȻѰҹĿꡣ
ԭǴȸɵһؾǿߣǶ̷ŮӺ͵̴õеȱбֵָףټϵԵָ׵
ΪһʧҶҲֻܽĿתƵʣµؾǰڼһϡ
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Ƭ̺󣬹ϪͻȻæԹŽ˵磬ǻû꣬ǸϽӰɡ
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ֵ˵еǻǰĵɽۻɣҿ˫ʵ޼ʱضܾˡԸ˵
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̷ŮҲǴˣܶԷⷬûдĳɷݣǼȥĻΨһʤǽԷľһλؾԲǿߵжûףҲɵԼԴȥ̽⡣
һ˼Ǻ󣬶̷ŮӶȻ
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˶ңֻؿ˿Ż״̬ӺѸٳ롣
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ѾԼֳˣǲҲӦŵԣأⷬȻǶŮ˵ġ
Ů¶֮ɫԸӣƺ뷴ˡ
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ͷһκͲ
ƣԸոϽǰһǰдŹ˰ɡ
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ҶῴȥЦող˵ֻҪܾ磬ʲôԸ𣿡


287 
Ҷⷬɫʮѿ֮ǰҲһʱ鼱Ż˵ĻĽ׳֮Ȼǰٰ㲻Ըˡ
ôѵ뷴ˣҶʵ
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ҶӴƣҪҷڵĻҿɾҪˡ
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ûҪõȡ͵ĻᣬԸһԸյҲǸѪյӺ
٣췴𣿡ҶƵ
ǰҲֻΪ϶Σ˵㲻ҲûʲôʧͷǰɣĨ˵ƺҪ⸱ӲȡҶͬ顣
Ҷҡͷôûʧأô˷ôĿˮҪ˷ô༤ഺ껪ô˵Ҳʧˡ
ӵʧأϵҩ㣬ѵ㻹𣿡Ϫü
Ϫ񡣡ŽæϪȻǵĹϪἤŭԷ
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Ҷ컵ЦֻҪѾͷÿһڣҪӦòݰɣ
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ҶεЦЦʵѾ㲻嶫ˣϹתš
ԭҶֵܣֻҪվߴҵ׵رܼķؾˣǰؾҪԽƬɭ֡Žѵ
ؾĺʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
˵ԽԽŨҩȻҲԽࡣŽɻش
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ǵЩҶĵشһ̽
ǣ˸ǣɭбȥ


288 ҩ
ҶߺԸߵŽɸǰʵֵܣѵǸλǰʶ𣿡
ֵǲμӹǰһӵִᣬͻϵһִھŽɻش
ִδȥμӣȴҲ˵ھһʮῡţӡԸȻЩɡ
ЩֻҶֵΪ˶ĿŵġŽЦŽ͵
ԭˣô˵λǰȷʵֻжʮˣԸŽȷϵ
ûҶֵܱһҪһЩΪȴԶ֮ϣִеؾΪеؾˡŽһ̾˵
ʮеؾΪֱ̫˼ˡǰ̾
һݵӣϪвˬϽѵ㣬ɱˣոջᱡء
Ϫôһ˵ߺ죬֮ǰһǣͻȻҵĸоԷľţ֪жŮӻΪģԼܽӴҲһҫˡ
ֵܣǸôأ飬ԸѾûʲôȥˣŽɺŮҲˡ
ǵΪеͨѾ֣ŽҲͲټðգǵΪ˰ȫǻ߰ɡ
˶ûʲôҩԣȻǸΪҪġ
¾˱ͷߡ
Ҷ컨˰ʱ䴩ԽƬɭ֣ɭֶҪӯ࣬Ҳ֤˹ֵܵĻԽĵشԽΪԣƺҲøӶˡ
ɭֱһƬɽ룬ǰƬɽ벻ǰЩɽһƽ죬ԽɽԽΪվеƣǺѹѹɽ䣬ԶԶȥЩ߷ͺ֧ƬƲһ㡣
ǰվҶ˽Ų;֮˳㻹ܲժһЩҩ
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ոշһС£ǰˮҶ۾һæӿŲǰȥ
ܿ죬һСϪҰ֮УδſڶһïܵĹľУĿ˳СϪεϸϸĹ۲
ֻɽҰ֮أˮԴΣյĵشԽһЩǺбҪġ
۲죬ȷûΣպҶ췽߳ľԣ첽СϪԣһ峺Ϫˮһ˼ڣˬĸо˲ϯȫ
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һŮһʮ꣬üĿ㣬һҹӸͷкΣӵеؾΪҲǸš
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ӣܿ϶ǿں̶гкˮ黨𣿡ʵ
һˮ黨֣Ҷ۾ʱһҪ֪ˮ黨ԪģԪǵؾ쾳ʱĸҩ
ܵƾ׵ؾʱδƿϴεؾڽ׺ʱȴǿסˣҶ쵣ڵؾ쾳ʱҲƿԪбҪǰ׼õģԼòʱҲԸʦá
һ˼Ҷܿ쾲ļ
ˮ黨ȷʵûۿҿǿں̶ˮðźɫмأںˮ黨ĺˮҾźˮ黨ĿԺܸߡⶫ͵
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ȻӵʵֻǱ룬еҲеؾкӣ˵ʵܹɱֻޣҲȻˡν̵ְбҪһˡȥķҶһ˿յЦ⣬֣͵͵ȥ
ɽˮһ·УԼĪСʱһ͵ɽµס˵ȥ·
ΰɽϷ˿ֻɽƣɽµжߣջĿⶫʵӣû·ɣǰɽ£ôȥأ
ֵܣĺˣȻɽǾ˵ĿĵѾԶˣҼǵ⸽ӦһϿܹɽ¡ⶫһ߽ţһ±
۲Ƭ̺Сһָһ˷ܵĽеֵܣǣǸڡ
˳ⶫָȥԶȻһǵѹȳ֮䡣
ǸϽȥɡⶫ˵űͷѹȥκͺʶһۣ첽ϡ
߽ѹ֮󣬶ҶӰҲѹڴûмŸȥǾ̧ͷѹϸĹ۲


289 黯
ȥֻ¾бƿգڼţͬһɽһҶѿһ©һߣձ̺磬̾񹤡
±ڳֳİ͹Ӧ̬ѹȻһɽ´мѶγɵģȻ漣Ҷ̲档
Ƭ̺ҶתѹӰѾ߳ѹȣɽ¶档
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̤᫵ĵ棬ĴУҶִѹȾͷʱǰʱȻʡ
һԼ򳡴Сɽȣɽ涼ǸͱڣҶѹΨһڡ
ɽвľïʢˣһȻģɽȵм䣬һֱԼʮҵȻˮīƽĺϸкԵü졣
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ѵˮ黨ͳⶫ۾һҲ𼤶ɫǹ˼ź̶Ǳźˮߣͻᳯˮ黨ȥ
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ô˵ٲһսˡһ뵽ֻ޵Ϊⶫʱйһ㣬ʶҲһ˿ɫΪ˵ֻӵŵؾʵһؾǰʿ˵ǸܴΣա
ӣȥӽˮ黨ˮһ͵Ϯʶȶǽˮ߲סûȥժˮ黨κܿⶨս
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ðɣðɡܶԺεİźܲ⣬ǺεʵǰΪ˻ⶫҲֻƲƲεĴӦ
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ⶫī̲סߴٵӣôߣȿˮ黨ѾˣϽ㣬ĥˡ
ⶫȻżӿŲˮ黨
ھˮ黨ֻʣԶʱ򣬡ǡһⶫǲȶϸ֦
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ͣӺֻͷⶫһۣȻһ̾ȻûΪһһ߸ߵݡ
ȫƣڶʢһҺ˴Сĺɫ䣬ֻƬ꣬мϸĻԶԶȥſŵͷ
ͬʱϵĺѾźݻ۶ȥ󱻺ɫա
ʯ󷽵ĺκͺʶȻҲһĻͬؾ黯
ν黯һЩݻͨɲݲӵеĻ
˵ˮ黨۷״̬ʱܹӵ黯Ǵ˿ۼⳡǳԾС
ڲݴҶҲһĲ졣
ˮ黨黯״̬ζʲôȻһġ
˵ˣǰˮ黨ѾܹƺӦó֮ΪΪֻĺˮ黨ܵõ黯
Ҫ֪ˮ黨ĳɳǸѶΣյḶ́رĺˮ黨Ĺлͬʱͷų㣬Щ࿿ԣ󲿷ֺˮ黨޷졣
ǰˮ黨Ȼӵ黯ӦѾҪˣܹ˰ݣȻǵڴ˵صĳɳ
ɽ谭ɢΨһй©ѹҲʮСһ޸Ҳֻˮ黨ܸܲŰȻɳ
Ҫܹõˮ黨ͻƵؾĳɹǿٷְˡźǶ䰻Ȼŵĺɫ䣬Ҷһ˿̰Ц⡣
쾳ؾ֮һ޴ĺ蹵һԪȻԸؾԲʿףǳɹȻʮã֮˺ܹ֮࣬ɹ쾳ŵмΡ
ʶһۣ϶¶˾ϲ֮ɫȻˮ黨ļֵѾԶԶǵԤϡ
ϲ󣬺ʶüͷȴʵȻˮ黨Ѿӵ黯ôҪժ¾ûôˡ
΢΢һЦĽ͵ʶòŵģˮ黨ϾղҲˣ黯״̬޷ά̫ãңոʩչһ黯󣬶ʱ޷ʩչڶεġ
ʶ˵ͷȻתˮ黨ȥЩƵ˵Ѿӵ˺룬ӾȥҪȻժ
ε˵ͷ˵غеѾ֣ӦúܿͻֻҪɱֻޣժˮ黨ҲͲˡ
ںλʱԭƽĺͻȻűһˮһͷֻһһֵľȻˮ档


290 Թ
ȫһڱƬ˶ԴϳֻС۾ŭɭĿⶫϡ
ˮߣֻߣҶгԾϸһȴǻȻ򡣸־̸еļأˮǺˮ黨ػޣߣߴڹ΢ϵˮ߿ˮ黨ĺˮҲͬ¾ˮ黨ɳЩͺñܹúˮ黨õ黯
ʵУˮǿ޻ܴڣֻмĺˮ黨ӵ黯
ѼʶֻȻʱ˽ԣⶫǱһɫˢһ˲ò԰ףݸǲĿ
ˮŤ׳Űȥ
ڿٿⶫһʱѹһѸתԶӴܣһﳤʣһܵñӻ졣
ʱʶͻȻϲĽеǺˮ黨ˮƵˡ
ŤͷȥȻԭںĺˮ黨ѱˮ߼ͷƵ˰ߡ
ʶȥסˮߣһȥժˮ黨סһʩչ̲ܡζȺʶӦźˮ߳ȥ
ʱˮѾ뿪˰ϣжʮ׳Դ֮ߣƼ产ˡ
Ҷ컹ǵһμ˾޴ߣЩ𾪡
κܿ׷˺ˮ߱źˮ߱ȥ
ֻ˲䱬ߵƾЩƾ֮չΪӴСưϮˮߵı
ʩչһ׽ɽƵϳ˹׹Ըƣȭһӵоʽɲ׻еľžʽΪÿһʽ֮ڲûоŸһ׹Ҳͼ࣬Ȼȭûñȵġ
ոպδߵƾ˵ʩչǴɽƵĵأҲǴɽơ
һƵѾԿȭĵʽˡһĻҶа
ˮҲ˱ϮǿϷⶫ⣬ѸٻӶβźκɨȥ
ԺˮӴβԽӲСɽ¸ãοɲԼӲһĳѸ󷽳ˡ
ߵƾĴںˮߵıϣһնײ
ˮߵӱĵǰ㵹ƬȸҪӲ̶ֳȵĹ޷ʵԵ˺
½󣬺ˮתΣδηƣǴһţ³һźźԼٶΣӡ
βЩкãûӲӣ㡣
ž
Ӧ˵ϣϲδҳӣҲûɢǹķջΪʮɫСߣȥ
ЩСɨһۣǲûʲôҲ֮Ѹ׼ɽƣĿǰΪҲֻʩչɽƵĵڰء
ЩСߺܿ嵽θǰײķϣЩСһͻɺɢһգֱ͸ɶ˻ûʲô
ʮСߵĹδԺ˿Ӱ죬ڴڼ䣬ĴɽѾ׼ϡ
أڰؽķѸһΣβδƾķʽֱźˮ߳ȥʩչΪУˮߵƬټӲҲԽ
ǲ˺һƵˮ߲δ˦βԷɨֻſ죬ٴ³һźκˮµĺδη𹥻ǽԼͷβĹЩӦ
źˮߵķʩչɣεĹҲ֯һƣʵʵĴںˮߵĺϡ
ȻúβǣԼһƾĴɳһ㣬Ȼ˿
Ƭ̣θϽˣվһˮǸľβѾɨײϡ
أ
ξǰһɳȥصײ±ϣϵķ֡ᡱһѡ
ֵܣ
ԶⶫһҪ֪ͺʶϣɶ˺ϣҪǺʲộҲǱɵġ
ⶫľɱ˺ˮߵע⣬ⶫǷཱུˮʱ˴ѡ
ⶫܵθǰˮѾ̽βסⶫ壬ӥץСһ㣬ɼĽӵϵ֧ţֻͱˮߵβˡ
ȣңֵܾҡⶫʧһɲĻܡ
Ĵӵղһһײ󲿷ֳԺε岢δ̫ܵĴˡ
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ҵҪĺܲܵסҵѿȭ˵䣬Ѿѿȭʩչ
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Щ֮ǰ۳ţԼٶڿɢ
ȺܣѾӵΧΧ
λæٽܳſʩչ㳷ˣȴԼһ㣬Ȼ粽ơ
ȻЩñǽסԷãˮŤȥ
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˳źˮߵ߿ȥԿʶڰ׼ժˮ黨


291 
һĻˮˣҲ˲ߵĺΣʮ𼱵źʶ˹ȥ
ʶܡλæ
˳ĺˮߣʶʱʧɫⶫһɵţǿٷӦ̽һѾס˺ĺˮ黨ȻѸʩչ̲Ĳڷȥ
̲֮£ʶӰһ翣ٶȸǿף֮׷ĺˮ˺ܳһξ롣
ȥѾͷȻôźˮ黨ˮߵ׷ʱԼҲ׷ˡſڱƽĺʶҶа
Ƭ˼Ҷһᣬ˰·ٵĴ㡣
ۼԽԽĺˮҲԼԽԽԶʶ⿪ʼ˷ȻΪˮ黨֮
ǾڻԶʱһƬӲݴͻȻһӰȻҶ졣
ںʶٶ̫죬Ҷû취ܶĹдˮ黨ԣȽʶ˵
һĿҶܿ˳ֵʱ䣬ʱ䣬˺ʶһжеʮ˳Ҷ˫ֲƫеץ˺ʶǶԸͦϣȻҲƻһ֣ҩˣʲô
ʶһڵأҶӽʵʵѹϣ޳ܵ˫ָǺ˼ѣͷ޵ţָв
ɫǣʶ﷢ϰٷֱļͬʱʶػֻźˮ黨֣Ҷϴȥ
Ҷۼֿ죬̽ץס˺ʶ󣬳ûӦһѶĺˮ黨ȻѸϿȥ
ĺˮ黨ߣʶܵһ㣬˲ѹһµǵĴӵ𣬷ŭҶ׷ȥˮҲͬ׷
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Ҷһǰܣһ߽ˮ黨һֻƲװ
󷽵ĺˮ߼Լ׷ǰ࣬æſ죬³һźǰ±һ͹ľ޴ʯȥ
䣡
ʯУʯҶǰʱԭСͨµʵʵ
Ȼ̶ֳȵϰ赲סҶĽŲֻ˫һţԾ𣬾һ㣬ЩͻʯϽ̤ӱԽʯϰ
ʶеؾǰΪϾŮӣƽʱûȻ޷Ҷ£Ҳֻʯϰǰס˽Ų
ٻͷȥȴˮŭ˳
Ҷѽˮ黨˸Ĳˮ̽ⲻĿ꣬Ҳֻܽŭйǰϡ
ʶľܿϿȼصʱҶ֮زز
ϿȺҶͣؾķ򼲱ȥ
νǼ˸ˣò˵ؾɵһսջȴġ
ɽɱСʱҶѲһ˿⣬һεɽϢ˳㽫һ·ϲժҩһ
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ũؾڴ󲿷ʿӦһΣأǾһĿֲ򣬿ʵȴǡǡ෴
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˿̣ɽվλߡ
һͷ԰ףݣаʮӣҴϣ
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ʵϣӡؾ󷨱ãһ־̸мء
ɾܴ˷ӡãҪ⿪Ҳô׵ġ
ȣ쳣ķӣаƣҲ൱ɰ󷨽Ƕ׶ɣһͱ۸ӵĽṹҵͻƵ㣬ͺñԹѰҳһ㣬Ǹʮּ޵⡣
Σ󷨴кܴıǰķӡʮֹϣͺñִõһƪһ㣬ĶһѶȡҵǣɶԹҲһЩо⵹Ѳ£˵ؼĻѰͻƵ㡣


292 
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ɽǰһƬƶ֮أʮʯľϡ٣󣬿е
Ƭƶ֮صš
磬ǻҪǰ𣿡ʵ
ȻбǵȻȥմˡºܸߵӡ
峤ǷԸܿ𣿡ǵ
һǵޣô˳ӿȥ·ϾҲ类ǰɱˡܲΪȻ
ЩǰĶЩؾǿߣҪ⵽Ϯôأ滹ǷĲ¡
ڴﶼıأ˭ῴҩأܼš
ôһ˵浹ҲЩټҲıʮֺ棬ҲͲʲôǣܳǰȥ
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˵Ҳû̫⣬ǰȥ
˴Լʮף˶ԸоΧ¶½
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ȷʵе㲻ԾСĵɣû׼⸽ޡܷŲһһ߽ܻˡ
ʱͻȻָǰ˷ܵؽе磬ǲǺ
˳ָȥԿǰԶʢһƴĽɫʻʻĻһ˿˿ɭɭĺ·մӱȡһ㡣
һֽҩƵ鵤֮һ
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һֻ̱ڵأīȻ˾綾ӡ
ãܾһѸ˹ȥ
ܵԣҲһЦ
ܻȻŤͷȥֻһֳȵİԶľʯͷ˳ȻϴϮҶǸһ
ԷӵеؾΪһʵǣ⻨µĶ
ҡȻЦػشûȷʵСµĶֻϧû㣬С˸ˡ
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Ŷԭҵˡһϳܵʽƽ͵Ц⣬ȻǰҡţƺûԷʽ
ܿɣܴһǰĳһơ
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ڵƾڳһΪȻӣֱƾϮ;ƵػӶȣߡ
ٶžӭȥƴɲǣ˲䱻ȼһ޴ĻƣԽԽСϮǰʱСƴС󱻰˸顣
һĻܳ׾ˡ
ԭνҲˡһм˵˵䣬ȥʱֻ֮ʣʮ׵ľ롣
ʶԼͶԷ֮ʵ࣬ܵѾױԷƽֵȴ
˼ԡͨһڵأͷĵǰ룬ŹҰɣҰҩ㣬һɡǰôĴ
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ⷬɫò԰ףʶԼǱˣȻǻƴһս
뵽ҲͻȥˣŶԷδʩչֱʩչƵڶʽǧңŰȥ
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һײ£ܵǧƾȫȫص
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ɲǣ֮Ȼ𣬶Ҳ̼
֮࣬Ѹתȵǰ

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ذ״̴˰ĺ۾ɵùԲӻ㵹


293 
ˣҶǴñߵʬǰذϲ˲Ȼֽϵİȡ
ȻһרɴеӦѹ˲ٵҩȻҶ첢ûмȥ̵һʲȡº첽˹ȥ
ֻΪЩӵĺܿ죬ѾͨȫɢʱɫȫƤΪڻ֮ɫǹƬ̾͵һغˡ
ԼŮҲй֮ףȻȥ
Ƭ˼ҶȡŽⶾһԵУץһ飬ȷڶѱסһ
ûмⶾʬǰȡϵıߵ꺮ǰСزժò档ҩϱĨ˾綾ֻҪƣȻ
ЩºҶصǰӵϱֱӶϿţȻ첽ȥһȫεĳⶾ
ɱ˼ӣҶ촩ԽƬë֮أǰɽ롣
ǵӣһεСɽš
ŵϺҶ춪ĴСֱӽѰ˸⣬ΪڵĶȫԱȫλŶȻⶾ֮ǰȽѣҪȻǻҵԷų
⸱õΣҶصͷ޵û뵽ѾͷĻͦġٻ𵱳򸮵£аȻ
Ҫⶾ֮ǰһͷԴˣΪʱͨڻɫǸ޺椣Ҷûʲô顣
ȸⶾɡ˵ţҶȡһС
񵤺󲻾˹Ҳֻǻָʶ弸޷գ۶Եúܳ
ҪѣⶾҶ˵žȡʮö룬ּϵĸѨλϡ
ⶾһʮḶ́رֶȫ͸Ӽˡ
ŶرųɫҲǳȥʶƺҲá
֪˶ãͻȻһΪڷԼӣڽһӵơ
ҪӣҶæѵĻòҪҶ
Ҷôһ˵浹ǰɫ͸죬ɫڡ
Ƭ̺Щյʵ㣬·Ϲ⣿
ڵĶѾȫôҶڻش
ԷǺȣҲûٱԹͻȻ뵽ܣæʵұأ
ˡҶʵ֮
۾һɣ૵ˣ
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ȻҲɱϧҵҶش
㣬Ϊڻ滳ɵʵ
Ҷ쳯˿ȻһЦ˵϶ҵĻǾ͵Һˣ㲻ɱҲҵ

ҶҲûԹԵš
ҪԼ࣬СʱڵĶѱ룬ڲĶطɢСڣʹʮ鷳Ҳֻýⶾˡ
ʱķɫѾָҲֹͣ˿գ˫Ŀӣֲһ㡣
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û˵
ҶֵѾȻˣ͵ñңҲõȱ֮
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Ҷ˵ҿ޷ģ֮⣬ѾûʲôҵˣѲǴҲֻܽŽˡ
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ٲ˵ҿɾ͵Ĭˡ
٣Ůɵ˻Ǵأ
Ҷ̽ԵС䣬Ȼûһ㷴Ӧ
ҶپȤԱ·ϣʮڲϣԸ԰ɡ
˵ţߵһԣİĶ˳
İӰ˵ĶһѣһǶҩһҩҶԶҩһϲͨɴĽеĶҩֱӸˣֻǼźںĶӣԵˣó
ʣµĶ˴ѵؾҩһЩ֮⣬һӤƴСĽơ
Ҷϸ۲һ涼һͷȻûʲôرģͱһֻ̺еǰ
Ҷһʱ֮Ҳ㲻ʲô⣬ûмӵս˿ڴû׼Ժó
ţҶֽЩҩװԼıĸɴ͵ҩԱ
ðҶִܵİװĴ󲿷ֶûʲôֵǮҩҶҲˡ
ϺҶֳ濴ȥѾ·㽫ţ߰ɡ˵žԼ
뿪ɽҶǰʬһ㣬ľګںͷš
ûԶĲҽ
ͷһȴ̱ڵأ˫ֱҽŽ󣬱ʹ࣬˵ӡ
Ҷæ˹ȥǰ˵֣ĿһӡȻǱ߸ҧˡ
·ͲСĵ𣿡ҶƵ𱸵ڴôƿ
̾˿ȡһŽⶾͨ߶һŽⶾҲˡ
ҶֶҪôĲɵĻҿɾͲˡ
ίᡣ
ҲûãϽߣҿɻҪ˵ţҶתǰȥ
һȳһյڸںͷ
˼Ҷһε̾˿תߵǰֱӽ
㣬澪ŵʵ
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ʵΪҪң
ղѾ˵ˣҾ㣬Ҫģܲ˰ɣȻҲûãɽҰģʱԽ͵ҶԼа
˵ĴУҵĴУԣɲŮ˿
һӡ


294 ɻ
⸱ӣҶܸоЩĲ̣ŮԼĵˣԴһ
Ҳûãͺúñҵľ֮ɡҶ˵
ܾĻţԸ㵱ҪңҰȥԹ޵
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ɽһƧҶ콫ڵϡ
Ըϣ㣿ҶаЦʵ˵ЩͲסˡ
浹ǺϣʲôҲû˵·ȥ
ҪʪģαôüأӦ뿪㣬о仰˵ĺãĬĬܣ羡ܡҶĵذο
һѺͻȻˣܲܰҺͱһأ
ҶĨ˰Ѻû϶Ѿ޳Եͷʣˡ
ǾҷĹΪұһ鱮ɡ汯ݵ
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ǧǧţ﷢ôҲ޷׵Ĵ֡
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ۿҶԽԽԶҪӰˣǧǧһͻȻϵĸ鱦
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ۿҶӰʧҰУǧǧƴؿ޺ţǸӰȴҲûл
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ˣϽߣ˵ţױźǧǧǰȥ


295 
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׸е֮ʣһҫͼ˳Žâ
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ľ壡ǧǧܿ췴ӦҶɱȥ
ľ壬أǧǧҶ컳ίؿ
Ǵ岻ãܿˡҶḧźǧǧԴο
壬һҪ󻵵ǧǧԴ˵
ţ㱨ģȶȥҶͷӦ
ǧǧԹ뿪Ҷ컳㵽һôͷ
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ᣡ
𽣺ײƬĻϣֻĻһ𽣵Ʊ㱻
𽣺ľذ״СҶаֻһμ򵥵ĽѾʶԼͶԷ֮ʵࡣ
¾նָסȭָЩʽѾûʱʩչۿź˼ٱƽҶ첻˼һ˹ȥ
ǰĵߣҲ֪һǿŶ衣
жϮʶػĵȻںܵײɲǣͻȻءһѿŨܵĺܼɢ˲㽫Χ


296 Ѫɷ
˺ܿ˺һɫĹ֣ȻδܵӰ졣
󣬺˾ҶֻʣԶ
ȥɣһӻһźӰҶ켲˶ȥ
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Ȼһ·϶û˵Ĺ꣬ȴҲἰ˵һжģǱþϵֹⳡƽٵķշƺҲʶ̬ء
²˳٣ǸϽɡҶ
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˱ǰȻ֮ǰҶ첻ĴϵİϣΪ֪һʲôֵǮı
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뵽Ѫ֮ǰ˵ǷҶǵʵȻѪɷôаǵûϵ𣿡ϾԷҲΪ˾ԼЩаģԼҲùĹġ


297 ڽ
ѪɷõôѪɷɷţɷֵһа̣ȻľֵҲصģĺ̻ҲǺǵġշ岻ΪȻЦЦ
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ԭˣǧǧֻΪδԽŵأҶ쿴˿ǧУɻʵ
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Ȼĺ̻ʦڣзȻҲǳصģԣҶû˿и
һ·ϣշ嶼עûãһһŮ˹
Ȼ˶ǵؾԲǿߣеʮ꣬ŮȴֻʮͷӣòãΪܴﵽؾԲѾ൱˵ˡ
ҶһۿŮӵʱ򣬲֪ΪĪϤУָֻоһţЩͷԡ
˸ǰշ庰ӳŮǴϳƺշΪնӳԿŮӲǻӵĶԱ
˸մкǧǧһϲŮȥл簢̡
ŮȻǸոտǧǧ۾һȵǧǧ㣬ôģ
ȿɶġǧǧһػش
Ů̧ͷշ忴ȥȻѰ𰸡
ŮӵĿ⣬շЦ͵СӦ͵͵Ǻͷġ
ŮÿЦá
˵ţŮֳҶ쿴˹ȥλǣ
ûҶҽܣǧǧһ˵ľ塣
ҶǺһЦҽľơ
շֲ֮ǰС㣬Ծһˡ
ԭҽг磬ллǧǧҶʾм
ˡҶЦ
Ҷƺ絹Ҳû̫⣬ݸһЦתͷշ壬ʵնӳ˶ûй𣿡
շشţҲŸոշźţڸĻӦúܿͻˡ
˵ͷ˵ղǱֵзʮλؾԲǿߣǿЩ
շһüͷһ壬ʵ֪Ƕʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷĶס
շᶨ˵ҲҪ취ȳɶС㡣˵ţֳҶ쿴ȥϿҵľֵܣжʱС鷳չˣǾ¿ɶС󣬻λСѸٳ롣
մһᾡΪġҶڴӦ
ţһ˼ǰûñɭֱԵ
ǰĿյأҰ쳣ȥؿĴ·塣ƬϿ׵ܼ¡¡֮쳹ͣͺ˷׵綼ۼ˴˵һ㡣
ʱƬյϡϡŲٵʿǶûɽ忿ϾʮλؾԲǿ߿ɲôǵģҲǶĥŵȷӡ⿪һϻˮ㡣
շɭֱԵͣ˽ŲǾϢһɣһ룬չж
Ȼû
ǣǱһƬտĲݵ
²ãҶԶԶһϤӰﴩæշ˵մ磬뿪һܿ
շͷѸٳӰȥܽһȷϴǹɷ
ɷǰҶлһ
ɷͷ٣ҶСѣôּˡ
ǰɷǰòỹСðɣҶܵɷǰʵ
ɲô쾹ȻûѾͷӰɷյ
Ǻǣһǰҵú;ᡣҶʵ˵


298 ɲ
ɷ۾һæʵҶСѣںεǵģ
Ҿ˵ˣλΪѾͷǲˡҶѵ
ɷ¶ź֮ɫԹҶСѣ㲻ͦϲСõôأ
ҶĨ˰ѺͺǾһҾǶǹģҲ֪ڻõĶ֡
ɷ˵ͷ˵ҲǣȷʵöԸ˵ţֿ˿ҶûǧǧӰʵؽҵǧأ
ǱءҶָָ󷽣˵·ϵʱĺ̻Ļӳ
ɷ˳Ҷָķȥշ壬һ૵ĺ̻ôؾأ
˵ġҶ͵
ˣɷһɻ
Ҷ쵹ҲûɶץԼӡ鶼򵥵ؽһ顣
ҶĽ󣬹ɷüͷ˵ҶСѣô˵Ҫķӡ⿪ĻʮΣգ
Ҷͷ˵ȷʵˣǵþ콫ɶȳУֻµзʮλؾԲǿߣֻаλʤ㲻󡣡˵ţ̽ԵɷʵɷǰʱĻɷһ֮
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ˣỹǰƺľơҶ첻һ
УҾͽľСѺˡɷڴӦ߽ܻ֮һЩ㣬ҪһҲ֪ġ
ǣҶŹɷ˺շ˸ǰ
մ磬λɷǰ˵Ըһ֮
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ٺ٣û뵽նӳҲ֪ϹҵšɷЦ
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ǰҲľСѵ˼ֻһֱûʱܰˣҹɷΪа֮ˣΪ̹Ӳʲô캦֮£ľСѾܷıǡɷ͵
ŹɷǰΪˣ˵νаҲֻǵƬ֮ʰˡЩ֮УҲаСˣͬģа֮Ҳ֮Ҷ٩٩̸ӲҪݵĻΪԯҽɵĴˣͬҲνаԼʲô֮ҲԼаħ
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շ˶úա
ԺͳƺǰΪˡҶ쿪ĵЦ
ҹɷСǹ¶޹ʣӵһλôõֵܣҲҲˡɷ˵ִӶͳһֻľУݸҶ죬˵͵ܣһԪɲݣ͵ǴĽˡ
ԪɲݣҶгԾԪɲݺͺˮ黨һԪģϡг̶ҪԶںˮ黨֮ϡ
շҲһԾڽ磬ԪɲҲͬϡҩرǶЩƿ׶εʿ˵ԪɲݵļֵҪԶκ鱦֮ϡ
磬ԼζҩءҶҡͷл
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ȻˣСܾͺˡ˵ţҶֽӹľУս˱
ʱշ忪ʵ˵ǹɷɷΨһһ׽ÿڣ
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ȻĳɷŲ̫øУɷֵΪ˺ˬ֪ͼͦкĳġշϵ޵
ٺ٣ֵ̧Ϲˡɷǫ
ţҶ͹ɷһǴ̩ɽһ顣
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˵ӪжչһʮһԺշΪףƺƵͦ
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ʱɽɽ¶죬ЩɽԭεķӡֳҲƽӡǰᲽ衣
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ˣɶҲֻܰĽȣҵƽӡֵ㣬ҲͼڣȻͼΪͻƵ㣬ʼ˳ϣơ
Ȼ˵򵥣ȴʮѵģΪѧţһ󷨵ĴˣɶҲֻǽ⿪ͼڣ֪ЩͼԽڲԽӣƽҲԽѡ
ɶڷӡĻǰŸɫ죬ǰĹĻ죬ƽͼڡ
ãɶ̧֣׳һ졣
ڷӡĻ䶨һͼһƬ⣬ƺ֤ɶⲽûߴ
ɶ־ع۲Ѱһֵ㡣
Լʮӣɶٴֻӳ졣
䶨֮ǰǸͼٴҫ۵⣬һιâһţάãڡᡱһ£ͼӦɢԷӡĻ׹˷ӡĵѱƽ⡣
ӡĽ⿪ӡĻһҵĲ㤣ҵĺһ㡣
ɶü˵ֹ⿪ӦòܶӡǿҵӰ죬ѵǷӡʲô
ʵһʼЩɣʿµĲһ˸ӶӴķӡ汦أߵĿƺҲʶһ㡣ɶ֪Щ˵ʲôĿģΨһıǹԹǵķԸǽ⿪ǰķӡҲͿ԰Ȼˡ
ɶεߵĻǰڵϵʰ𣬲ɶ
ӹɶ˵ȥұ߰ɡ
ӵ˵ͷҲȥ


299 ɱ
û߼һӽǵִ´ˣԶһȺ˳߿»ĺ̻ˡ
Ŷô͸ˣһжأ߲Ųæʵ
һоˣӵеؾԲΪ
˼Ƭ̺󣬿Ը򵱼ңſѾͷǡ
ǣִ´ˡشӦ
ĺ̻ľȱɶǿǵǣΪϣôΪԼա
ԭƳӱΪڳ˰֮ʵǿģԲŻᱻίԴΡ
ϱһշŰλؾǿһҶźǧǧԶԶظں󷽣ҪǱǧǧӪɶ
շһ˺ִܿɽ£ڰΪ׵ľ˶ʮԶͣסŲ
˫ûмſսΪǵԷʵ״Աõʩչս
߽ǰһɨһۣЦһʵĺ̻ʲôʱɷߵһȥˣ
շȻȵٷϻʲôˣ˿ɶС㣬ҪȻǽĴ۱Ǻĺ̻ΪСⷬѾʮ㣬Ҫ֪ĺ̻Ἰ¢˵ʯĵĽгЩպյĴҲ׵
ȻǸôȻѾǵһҲòôţֻǽ˶ѣȻ赹ԡ߲ΪȻ˵
ˣߣַʽҲܽнҿշȻ˵
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շ۾һУʵô˵֪ӡаˣȻ֪Ҫųǵкξģ
һţòǲˣӡһƣԻ˻ǡ˵
ʲôĿģֻҪһһڣǾóѡɱշһͬʱȡһǹעȥ
Ҳȡҵ˸ԵĶ֣һɱʹչ
ԶЩʿѾȵòͷһﻹס׷۶ȥҶͺǧǧҲȺ
Ƭ̣ɽΧΧһȦʿΪܵսĲǶԶԶսûҿ̫
ͬʿ֮սʵĲȫȡڹͱоս顣
ֳһܲ˪ȻһϵˮϵĶǺշ壬շǱǹȼųɫҲһϵȱ
ڱ͹ϣಢս飬ƺҲǲಮ٣ܰϵƣշΪĺ̻ỤӶӳƽʱսϾԲڰߡ
ЩƺҲҵʵ൱Ķ֣ƾеսѷֳʤΪ˫úܱأǶȡԷΪսʽˣϾܻһȺʿѱǲ롣
Щ˶սڼ䣬Ҷźǧǧ˾ɶλãʶȴҲ֪ͷǸؾԲǿߡȻͷǿɶҲ˵ҪӪɶͱͷսϴκǸѪսľҶʶԼؾԲǿ֮ʵ࣬ԣǰؾԲǿߣԵЩ㡣
ٿշǱߣǰսȻܣʤȴҲȥ˫ƣʱʮΣա
ǵЩҶҲֻһҧأһλؾԲͷ
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Ҷ쵱Ȼɵֱӳȥͷƴӵһʮ͵ϮᣬΨһһλúú
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ųƺҲָֻ͵ϮΪָӡڼ䲻κȻҲͲᱻԷǰ
ʵָʽҶ컹ʮ˽⣬ָֻ֪ԴݻٸǿķɱЩΪԼ൱Ķ֣ܲɱǰΪԼ߳һصͷͲö֪ˡ
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ͼײϵɲǣֻһ¶ͷ·ǿһ㣬޾Ŀ־Ϯͷָо˵Ĺ;Ķǡ
Ҷڶֱָӹ壬ϴζԸɱ̵ʱͼ̵֮СҵʱҶ鵽ִƶԷоһΣûеҶҲһס˶ԷĸоҪԷȴԵ
ҲԼãָɱ˫ΪϢϢصġ
âάƬ̺㽥ɢȻָĹδܽɱȴҲ˲Сĳ嶯ڽâȥɲǣ˼΢΢ɫ԰ֽͷҲ亹ֱðͺմӹŹһƵġ
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ǴΧǶԷԼʩչΧ˱ȻܵǣȻҶ첢ЩֵʿĵߵĺǧǧΪѾͷֻΪдеĻǱɡ
ǵ㣬ҶϽǰտȥǰͬʱ׼ָס
ݵѾ׼ϣĳһƣϵİƾ翪բйӿЩڿһںΪСɫơ


300 
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301 
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һʱ֮䣬üҡ
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303 
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ļգҶ׻ָ£һ˼оʮʽĴ
׻ĴʦָҲûʲôѶˣһڵʱ䣬ȭʮʽĴɣֻ˲ִٵ깤Ȼ಻֮дպֲ
ɽϣҶδȴӰζʽǰʮȫԪɣʽһжԾԱʩչ
һȭһӰһҶ壬ǰһ¼ȥ
䣡
£µĴҵزǰʮ׸ߵǱһѷ죬µһֱ¶
ǳʱһ룬ȻҲ㷬һԼȭͷҶϲ񣬽ţ׻˵Сȭʽ¾ѾԽնˡ
Ҷۣ׻ԵЩСӣڳҲֻǷӳ˾նʮ֮һܽնȫӳȭܱġ
ϾϵһһϦ֮£Ҳ֮ҲδܽնȫӳҶԵЩɥ
ԱȰత׻
ֺôֲҵġҶƵ
ȥǸʲôԤˣ¡׻
ҶĨ˰ѺǳԱ˳𣿡
ǾԼ̫ˣֵܹ˭׻ָ
˵ͲУʵ˵ɣԤûͷЩҹµ׼Ҷ챧Թ
ʵҲûҪôɥΪͻƵؾΪԪϵͻһЩˡ׻갲
СԪӦҪɣҶʵ
ǵȻ磬зΪԪڡһ̤Ԫں󣬾ζڵѾؼӽӽˣȻҲ͸ǿˡ׻ϸؽ͵
ǵΪﵽ쾳֮󣬾Ϳ׾ĵڶ˰ɣҶڴ
û׾ڶǱ׾ⱼ׾Ҳ;׾һӵʽֱǱ׻ͱײмȿɱˣֿ׻ش
ͦӣǽڴ
ǸڴǴ̾ĵڶ㣬ԪѵĻ档׻ڴ˵
ĿǰԪ»£ܽ׵ڶС̾Ҷ˵
粻о仰򲻴òŲ֮һ˳ȻǣϾǻԵ׻̻
ҲֻˡҶ쳤̾һ̧ͷ˿ɫʱ磬㶯ȥ
Ҷǰš֡
ڸأҶǰɻʵ
ʦ֣ٹǴˣ㿴˼ﶼŪôƯǵȻҲúúòһˡҶش˵
ڣôʹˡҶһʱ֮пǧ
֪µһ궼Ѿһ£·ϵٹл¡صĽգڡ
˼ǧĴͳѽڣδΪʱķչɫȻʶĿȻʢǰ
ÿ괺ǰҼһѷøɸɾǰϺϲմС
ǰʦںʱÿϦҹʦ³һӵĲȣȻʦͽ˻һãԲ֮ҹ
ʦ˵ĽգǼĽգںҲ
ϼԲӣҶǶôϣܺͼһȹǡ
죬ôˣҶվŷ㶣е
ҶعЦЦû£һЩ¶ѡ
Ȼ˵죬Ҳȥ
Ҷ쵱Ȼ˼ǰȰΪ裬ҲӦÿĵĻؼҡ
˵ͷ
ʱֻĵ绰
绰ι㡣
죬ǳϦˣҳҹɡ翪żɽ˵
ǵԼʦ˹ϦȷʵҲͦµģҶӦҴʦһɡ
û⣬ǾôˣΪҪؼҹ꣬Եʱ³˵
Ҷһæ㣬ҿȥƵԵˣҪȻĳԻӶ
Сӣʲôأвֵز𣿡ѵ
㣬ⲻǻգǶԼθûʲôġҶЦŽ͵
˵θȱĥԺϽԼؾͻӦˣϲԽĲˡ
ҿ˳ƨҶҴ
ͲһĽƨý˸𣿡ֵ
ɳɳɣǳϦҹ죬ҾͺúİɡҶڴӦ
˵绰ҶҶ˵ѾͷϦҹȥҽҲҹ
ϴȥǸ𣿡Ҷʵ
ţҶͷ
ţҶص˷䣬հŹϣüͷȻһ壬Ϊ̨ƺˡ
ʲôˣҶȻȵ
䣬̨һΣһӰӦӰϮǰ
Ҷ쵹һɷϣǶԷĴɱĻֻԼСѾˡ
ʱӰվҶǰԶһʺɫۣͷϴӳ۵ĺɫñӣס룬ֻ¶ͣոежϣӦǸŮˡ
Ҷ쿴òҲΪԿ϶Ӧһλ쾳ǿߡ
Ҷܿ侲ٴʵʲôˣ
ŮӲδشҶ⣬Ƿʵ̱ģ
̱Ҷüͷһ壬ʵʲôϵ
ֻҪشҵͿˡŮ˼֡
úúãϴ󣬲ӣƯСжϣӦòڳ̫ѿҪðء˵䣬ҶԴҪñ¿̽Ůӵ
ȻûԷһذױ˲ϡ
ҶϽֱЦŮ⶯Ķ˸飬˵ۣһСĴ̽ҵĲӣôأ
£㲻˵ĻԺԶҲû˵ˡŮ˵ţ㿪ʼһ
ŮҲ̫˰ɣҶ챧Թ
ӿ죬㻹ʱ˵ϻŮ
ȻǶǽˣӦƽ͵ĲǣõҲӣôأҶȰ˵
˭Ҫ飬컬ĻͱҲˡŮӵдżŭ⡣


306 Ů
У̸£Ժл飬ոʲôŶˣϲʲô͵Ůǰɣʵأһ治ûشûҶ˵ȥŮذһҶֻһʹ
Ͻ˵̱ģŮӵгɱ
⡣ҶʵʵػشԼҪٺ˵˵Ů¶֣Ϊ֪Էͳ̱һǸɱ֡
ģŮ׷ʵ
˸ʴĶǰѾˡҶ쵱Ȼɵý̱ŵ͸¶һݲɱ֡
ҶĻŮһذҲشȥ૵ô˵̱֯¶ˡ
ѵҲǸɱ֯ˣҶ˼֣Էǳ̱ڵɱ֯ɱ֣ҲԼĳˡ
ŮӶ˵תҪȥ
ҶѸץסұۡ
ŮԭͲ˼㣬ڱҶһץʱŭˣ첲һ˦ͬʱתؽذ״̽Ҷؿڡ
ҶƺһֻץסŮֻذ׵֣зħһ˵ǲǸɱ֯ˣ
ŮһȻǰϾȻһưɫ棬Ϊһɱ֣һ۱Щɱܹɱ̬ɱǶô
Ů£ֶԷ˫־ǯһ㣬ץԼ󣬼㵭ȻشûҺͳ̱ͬ֯ġ
ǾȥɣҶѿһЦ⣬ԱϣɿŮӵ֣Ǳɫ֮ƾֶ
ԷɢĿֲɱ⣬Ůӻæת̨Ӵܣһɱ˵ɱߵĿһ㣬ѾϰˡǴ˿̣ǰϵĿֲɱŮӾȻоһ˿־壬ǽ͸Ŀ־塣
ȺŮӳ䣬ǹɿֲɱϮ
ŮͷҲأϽһԪܣǣԷȴֱӴ͸ԪҼ磬ֻҼһʹܵҵĳԹȥ
ںŮӵµɲǣҶȻعæľ
ľУϵĺ漱ˣǸ޻ѵаҲѹס
ڴҶҲ˲ԼϵƣѸٳǺŮȥ
ιû°ɣҶҡҡŮӵӣԷûκηӦ
ٿϣոУȴ˿˿ڣ·Ҳûбơ
Ҷ쾪֮ʣ׻СӣǸаʩչӦԪ񹥻
Ԫ񹥻ҶЩס
˵˾ԪʩչĹֹ˺Է壬ֻԷꡣ׻͵
ѹָոʩչԪûܵסҶͷ׹ԼǸаӦúũؾЩͬʵģũؾЩĹҲһԴ͸ؾǿߵ
аڵҲЩôģԸ˵ĵˣǿ԰Ը׻һζ˵
ҪһС屻ȥôأҶƵ
ȻԪ壬˾ȥһµ£ôϲŮˣҲȥһŮ˵塣׻٩
㡣˵ţҶҲͲٴ׻꣬ŮӸ˴ϡ
СǣүôѪôͷھ֮ǰôҲôүˬһѡȻүȵÿ㳤ΣҪ㳤ʵڲҲ̶ãǴүҿɲ׷㡣˵䣬Ҷƿ˺Ůӵñӡ
էòսϸһǸˣе󣬵Ӧòʮ
ֵôүȣھ֮ǰүҵշѡ˵ţҶаЦѾŮǰŦȥ
ɾؼʱ̣ŮͻȻ۾Ҷһոȥ˻ȥ
ʲôŮԵüΪŭ
Ůᣬ飬ûˡҶϽ͵
ҿɲôģȻҵǾȥɡŮ˵űҪ𹥻Ȼָ̧գȴ̱ȥ
㵽׶ʲôŮü¶֮ɫ
ĺˣҿûʲôΪղܵ˳һʱ֮仹ûܻɡҶ²
ոһĻŮһ˿֮ɫΪһɱ֣Ҳ˿Ŀ־壬Ǹղһȴ㤡
ŮӲҶֵղϴڻϴˣ㻰ԹԵĻشҪȻҶЦ
ߣҪɱɱŮһӡ
ģҲɱ㣬һһЩɱȤ£ңϷ֮ġҶаЦ
ңԾŮȻв
Ҷʼ磬ΪȻҲûϵֻҪþͿˡ
޳ܣŮ߳ŭ
˭˵޳ݡҶѿ죬ָָԼݣûҵףһܹ⻬ŵĻͷ򿴡
Ůŭôɱ֣ûбᱡϷ
ףǰమոңңѾˡʵҲܹ㣬ôӢˣЩɱ֣ҲᱻҵڻġҶһпεӡ
ŮѾˡ
ţҶҲٷϻץʱʵŮʲô֣
ŮͷһŤȻش
ܺãиԣϲ˵ţҶ㽫Ůٿȥ
㣬Ůӽ
Ҹող˵㲻شҵ⣬Ǿ̼СϷҶȻ˵
ŮӷŭҶһۣȻشҶգ
òʱϹİɣȻҵ˧ϡҶ컳ɵ
ʲôеãѵר𣿡ҶҶһۡ
׼ȥءҶ˵ʵ֯ʲô֣
֪
֪ҿǲ֪үĴϹжɣҶЦ
֪Ҳ㡣Ҷռᶨ˵
Ҷ쵱ȻҲ֪ЩѵصɱҲй¶֯ܵģΪˣҲٰ׷ĻתƻʵȻͳ̱ͬ֯ģô᲻֪أ
Ҷڹִ񣬲֮ǰع֪̱õ¡Ҷ˸еػش
Ҷ˵ͷȻ˼ʵʮǰ尸Ӧ֪ɣ
ңҶһɵҶ쿴ȥ
¸㣬ǴѪеҴߡҶʵ֮ɲɱ֪֯ºɱԼ෴ģͲöԷɱֹһɱһֱɱΪֹ
ҶĻҶȻЩԾܣ֯жܻлڡ˵üһ壬ɵѵ


307 Ҷ
ѵʲôҶ׷ʵ
ִ񣬾֪̱˵жаԼǿŸʴҵһСкѵǸкƺҲ̫ܣʴĶܽ⣬㲻ܻڵġҶ
û´ǳ̱øʴµǸкһҲ⣬һġҶ˺⡣
Ȼа취Ϊβȳ̱ãҶȻʵ
ΪʲôҪҵˡµҶҲ֪ԼԳ̱ĸǰǺޡ
Σ̱ΪŸʴ裬㶪Լǵ̾ΪġҶ۽ǺᣬĿг˷ŭԹޡ
ҶⷬҶһ̱ǵۼʶģһôɲˣǸǶôʹľǸʱֻǸʮŮ
ãҶųһȡһ񵤣ݵҶߣ񵤿԰ָ񡣡
ҶյҲûԥֱӷ񵤡
Ƭ̺󣬾ָܿѸٴӴһذֶҶϡ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵ȷʵͦĳ̱ķϣҾʵɣ̱û
Ҷ۾һһУŽɵʵòΪ˻ҵĽڰɣ
Ҫô̰ˣôɵĸµҩɱأҶ췴ʵɫ˵̱ȻûȴʧˣҲ֪ģӦа취ܹҵϣܺúչ
ҶŽذʲôҲû˵´ֱ̨ȥ͵ߵ̨ǰʱͣ˽ŲͷҲص˵̱Ȼμ˽ҵжûɱһˡ
µͬʱҶյӰѾʧ̨
ڶһ磬Ҷ㿪ؼҡ
ߺŵıֻʣҶҶˣν壬Ҳݡ
Ҷ飬ҶĪͬĸо
ʦ֣ȥأҶ鿿Ҷ컳дһ˿ϼԲӣ޼ҿɹּį¶ıˡ
Ҷ§סҶ飬Ѿͷȥʦֶߵġ
ʦ֣ʦҶ齫ͷҶ컳۽Ƿ⣬Ͼһ˳ʱĺʦֿ
ʹ绰ʦɡҶ츧˸ı˵
ţҶ˵ͷȻ뿪Ҷ컳ȡֻҶ޷˵绰
绰ܿͨ
ιʦ
Ѿͷԭ㻹֪Ϊʦ绰
ʦ˼
һͷʲôģʦǱ߻ðɣ
ţ
ʦҲͷˡ
ʦ֡
ǰһˣǱӦúְɣ
һҲ֣Һʦˡ
Ѿͷʦ־ͺ𣿡
˼һҪʦ˼ʦʦһҹ˼ʦĲˡ
Ϊʦֺһ𡣡
ʦΪʲôعأ
ΪʦҲɼͺúøʦְɣǵļҡ
ʦĵطǵļңһ𡣡
һܻᵽġ

˺ܾòŹҶϵ绰Ҷ˲ˮһЦݣҶ˵ʦ֣ȥɡ
ţҶ㶵ص˵ͷѾͷЦúܲãĻǹ¶Ϳġ
ҶԴƬ̣Ҫȥɡ
裿ʲôʱϲˣҶ쵹ЩԾ
ǰȻյʱǾһȥˣɺˡҶ˵
Ȼգʲôʱأô֪Ҷ쾪
ǸʱڱչȻ´㣬ԾûнˡҶ͵
Ҷôһ˵ҶʱеĲϸ룬Щ춼ֻֻűƺߵˡ
Ҷ쳤̾һҶ飬˵·ɡ
ţҶ鿪ĵص˵ͷ
ţҶһ鵽˴̼쭣ֱҶһɲѳͣһֳſڣҶ½
һҽֳǵۺ͸ߵֻһ¥ǾưɣðſʼӪҵ¥ǽģ¥KTV¥ɣãǿͷ
ҶҶ¥Ҷǳһ㣬ʮϤߵǰ̨˸ᣬȻڷĴ˰ᡣ
Ҷ²Ҷ̨ǰ˵ʦ֣衣
ʦֲᳪ裬ԼˡҶҡͷ
˼һ˳û˼Ҷ죬תһ룬ʦ֣Ҫҽɡ
Ҷ첻ɨ£ͷӦʵʲôأѾͷǰƺҲûгİá
ҶҲͻشһᳪ裬ϴȻҵġ
ҶĨ˰ѺòҲᡣ
ʦ֣һϳˡҶϲ

ǣҶѾͷϳһ¾
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ҶЩģŻͲҶϹߺȡ
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Ҷ»ͲҶ˵ѾͷԼȳţʦȥӸ绰Ȼֻ߳˰ᡣ
ϣ˿̴ֻĵ绰
绰սǻ磬֣
ţҲǡҶЦʵѾͷҵ绰òΪ˸˵¿ְɣ
Ȼˣڸ˵ɡ˵
ܿ죬绰ڵιҶֵܡ
һﹳãôҽҶֵأûûСҶ٩
ǺǣҶֵͱѰҿˣⲻֻһƲڸЦ
ˣǵҲĹܣʲôأòҲ˵ְɣҶʵ
Ҫô˵һҲ޷Ц
ˣһǱȽϲ˵Ҷ
ںǺһЦ˵СҹﶼһۣĻܲȱϯɣ
УҲû£׼ľأҶʵ
ǵ˱Ƚ϶࣬Ұ㳡ڻش
ǺãһġҶӦ
˽Ͼָǡѵ
֪ˡ
Ǿô˵ˡ
Ҷϵ绰ҶҪذᣬȻƿţȴһͷɢ¹ڲŮӴӸڰ˳

Ůһ
ԭҶ첢ȥ£ʱüͷȻһ塣
ٻͷȥֳֻɷӡ
ΪһŰӣͷһѪӴǰһץסŮӵĸ첲˻ȥһŭݵغȵӣ軹þƿӣ˵űһŮϣŮӴõڵء


308 
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˴ӦһŮȥҪŮӿʱҶ켰ʱǰֹס֣
ӶŤͷҶ쿴ȥ
ӺȵСӣĸȥ¡
û취˾ϲ£ϲ򱧲ƽҶͶʺĵ˵
ãеʶǴ͸һλᣬ絥ҪӮˣŮ˾͸ˣҪˣ͹ԹſϸƤЬ˵
Ǹ⣬ƺҲûʲô̼Ҫɣ˭˭ֻ첲أҶЦʵ
ҶⷬӶɫһϸով۹ֵļСŮҲһľǸŮӸŵ̧ͷҶ쿴ȥ
Ůӣϴǰũؾ;ϵǸõ
ΪʱҶ쾭װ磬Ȼϲ
ĺˣֻزʶûҪΪðôΣաýǵȰɲϣǰİΪԼװ״һ첲
ҶȻ֪ΪλǱسڴ˵أǲʲôԭҲԹۣϾԼŮйһ顣
ʱСŮҲͷӶš
ӲѰ·˵һĸŮ
ɲһǸӡų̺˿Ů˵
ҿǵӾ翴ˣҪӢ۾ءһ໹صĽŮ˵
ЩŮȻű¶Եúܳӣ֮һ۱ܿӦöδꡣ
ҲҶոǷȷʵеװƳǿζΪǹǿ׳⣬ϻм̣һǿܳԷåҶȻҲǺͶԷȴԵЩˣϾһء
Ů˵ţһŴ߳һҶ쿴ضܹϳΪǰѧͬѧĽܡ
ĽߵŮ󣬽еλãʲôÿģϽɡ
ܸ磬ɲһĴܣڵ˭˾Ϳ첲ȹŮС֮
ŶôݣĽܵҲһ
ɲ㲻ţȻġĸŮ˵
ĽתԷ˵ӿȥֻǲ棬һ۾ϳҶ죬ûмǰҶкµЦЦ˵Ǿ͵ſϷɣɲһӡ
ܸ磬ʶ𣿡Ůʵ
Ȼʶ˲࣬뽭û˲֪֡ĽŹ˵
ļٵأȹŮһɵʵ
ĽһЦûлش
ʱҶһЦȻʵô㺦𣿡
ϼһȵ򣬼ȻСӾͳȫ㣬׼ҽԺɡ
ܺãɡҶ֡
ߵҶ棬ŤŤӣչ˶
Ҷ쵹ҲζصЦͳŸ첲ϣϽද°ɡ
ҶôһƣЩŭˣӲʲôʱ򡣡Աϣȭͷһ󣬴һҶ˳ȥ
Ҷ쵹Ҳ㿪ȭͷͬʱ˳һģһǰ˵ˤ˸ʺ
ôôСأϾҪˣҪǿɾͳԲ˴ˡҶϷЦ
Χ۵ļ˶Щ
߳ŭĴӵٴųҶȥ
ȻûҶǰһʹ˹ӣͨһڵء
´ҲģһүүҶһϷ֮ɫ
˶ˣĴ󺺣һƽƽСǰȻ˲һ
Ȼķ䣬ڴʹҧվҪҶȥͻһʹշԴֱײ컨壬˾컨ϡ
˶ĿɿڴΪɱеĲҶ죬Ҷ顣
ʱ˿̣ڳ˲ŮҶòˡ
ʦ֣ʲôأҶ鲢ûΧЩ޵Ŀ⣬Ҷɻʵ
ѣѾͷôأҶʵ
ҿôûͳû뵽Լ棬ҲҡҶС죬Щˡ
˶һգҲ棿ҲȷʵҲֻ档
ҶεЦЦǰץӵĽ󣬽һ
ԭѾʹȥôһָѹ﷢һɱĲҽУ˫ֽס·񳲣ŵѾˡ
ȻѾŵô첲ҲˣϽȥҽԺλɣ˵ҽԺҲҹԵġҶЦǺǵ˵
ʱһŲܿʮƷ˹ȻKTVı˵øֱ׵㣬ӦǿӵĴ֡
ΪǸͷڵĹӣһ硱ȻĿ㳯Ҷ˹ȥʵģ
Ҷʼ˵Ҳ֪ǲҴ˵ģոִֻ˸ѡ
Сӣǲֱ߳ˣ򡣡ͷŭСһѷҶȥ
ҶҪ֣󷽵Ҷȴǰһǰʦ֣Щ˾͸ɡ
һҶ飬ЩڳĴǶӲֹס˽Ų˾޵Ůˣôµأ
ҶɲʲôĶŵŮǰЩ˶ֻ߶ѡ
ǺðɣѾͷϲҳǰɣЩ֮˳ҵ˰ɡҶ˵
ţҶ鿪ĵص˵ͷӰһǰЩһȥ
ֻЩһһշǵԴ컨壬Ƶģ컨Ϲš
ٽţƹƹҵĴԶ
ܸ磬˭أĸŮ˿ĭĽʵ
ǿеĽ̫үĽľ˵
Ůǵһ
ǰŮ׷ǽӣʲôѾOUTˣΪгһλӸӽܳῡš
ˣƷţͳһ˽ڵںܷλүҲ׳Ƴ
Ҷ첢֪Լʲôʱ򾹳˽̫ү֪ԼѾǽŮ׷ľǼ
Ҷߵǰû°ɣ
ôؿǰӣ֪Ϊܾ˵ϤƬ̺Ȼعͷмû£лл㡣
ҶÿϵŦְۣҵͷҪӵ뻳еĳ嶯ûô͸¶Լݡ
ҶЩǵľٶЩܳһ죬Ծŵ˵ңˡ˵ţͷ첽ȥ


309 ̫
Ҷ첢û׷ȥȻԶȥıӰε̾˿ͬ飬Ҳ֪ԼܸŮʲô
Ҷ쿴ȥķ֮ʱĽǰؽе硣
ҶعŤͷȥĽܣԳԾ
ôɡҶЦЦ
ǰ磬Ҳﳪ𣿡ĽЩսսʵ֪ǰѾǵҽѧԺϴѾԼεܸʵġ
ţҶͷӦĽŮƳһۣ٩ʵôѺ޸˦ˣ
磬ˣλϳãλͬѧĽָλŮ͵
ôһܣŮҲ಻סȿֺҶ
̫Ӹ磬ǩɣ
̫Ӹ磬ҺӰɣ
̫Ӹ磬һ𳪸ɣ

ǸŮͳȹŮһקסҶһֻ첲ǽŮԾ˽ҶĻ
ЩѾͷȻֻδ꣬巢õѾ൱죬ҶоԼֻ첲ѾѾͷǰϿ֮УĽŮҲһǰͷؿĥţеԵĴнȫͷһ顣
˿̣ҶѾ㲻ԼǵͣڿԼ͡
ϵĽܿۺ첻ѣԼЩѾͷ˲ٺóԵģҲ˲ٺˣҲ飬£ҶʲôҲûЩѾͷͶͱˡ
֮ĲôôءĽҡͷ̾
ȵȣǲϴأҿɲǿе̫Ӹ硣Ҷܿѹ
ܸ˵ǽ̫үŮ˵
ҶɻسĽܿȥ
ҶһӣĽҲͬʵ磬ѵ㲻֪𣿡
֪ʲôҶ첻⡣
̫ү°Ľܻش
Ҷҡͷʾ֪
Ľܴкգĵؽ͵磬֪ѾԽ˽ӣΪǿнֵĽ̫ү
ļٵģҶ컳ɵ
Ҫ㲻ſȥץҶ˭һԥظǽ̫үĽ˵
ǰ̫Ӹ磬ǽеĴءŮ˵
ţʲôȫˡȹŮ˵
û̫ӸȫУŮĿеİءŮ˵
Ҷкա
Ǻǣ磬Ҫһ𳪸ɣϳͰϼλֵҲءĽ
ҶһʱҲزӣҶҲ͵ͷӦ
Ůһ󻶺һ㣬Ҷӵ˰ᡣ
Ҳһᣬƹ谵־컨ϵĵ˹ųѤöĿĹâյʰ쵡
Ҷģģؿ߰˸ˣҲŮΪƹ̫ۣǵģ
ĽǰһŹѼɤϹļһͲ˵Ҷһ
˺ܿ찲˵ĿⶼۼĽϡ
ܸ磬ǲҪʲôأϳ٩
СӱҴĽ߳˵ҽһλǳǳǳǳı͡ڳЩʶЩӦûʶӦöĴ
ܸ磬ʲôأͱˡһŮߴٵ
ĽЦһŻͲߵű˵Ǿ͵ɴǵĹۿˣʱɱŶԱϣžһƵĿأһƬͨ
˵ĿȻۼһӵҶϡ
󣬼ϳҶ죬ԼͬٿȻͬؾ硣
ֵǱҶЦ
磬˭أϳԵһλòŮɻʵ
ϳڣĽһŻͲ˵¡ؽܣλǽ̫үҶ졣
ļŮӶ۾˿ȻǶΪֶе𾪡
ǽ̫ү
Ҷ죿
İɵ
òŻˣٰĽ̫үϳ˿϶Ļش
һ룬ŮȿֺҶȥ޷ǾҪǩҪӰʲôġ
Щʾ
ЩŮҪҶϳҶԲᳪɸˣЩŮûзǴӵҶԣҪҶӡڼ䣬ҶȻǳ˲ٵĶȻҲЩСɫŮǿ˲͡
ЩǶſͰ͵ؿҶߡ
˲ãҶѾͷŴ˽
һҶ飬Ӳĳ
Ҷ鿴ЩŮΧҶԣȥüŭȵǶΧʦָ˵ŻҰؽҶϵļŮȻԸҶԴֻҲʦֱϡ
ԭ̫ӸʦðҶҶĳƺŮǴһ
һʦֵţʦִӦҪȢҵġҶȻ
ҶúգŮһʧ
ȻҪҸˣһʦֵС檵ġҶʮִ󷽵˵
𣿡
Ҷôһ˵Ůָֻ
ҶĽܵ˶ǿ񺹲ѡ
ţҶֵҶ˵ʦ֣Ѿ궼ˡ
䣬ͷ˾
ץˡҶЦ
ҲŲ¡ҶԴһƲ
Ǹʲô֤ûأҶʵ
ҶҡҡͷΪȻǸץңҰǵľָˡ
ҶĨ˰Ѻ
Ƭ̣һͦơƶǵһȺ˰ᡣ
ôһȺ˶һ
ֳѾͷѾͷҵԱҵĵˡŭָҶ飬һ翸һǣͬķֵľ˵ȻλӾǶ־ֳָҶ죬Ѿͷ˲ٵĿͷ
˳ϰָķȥصʱ΢΢
˿ɣϽӣߵҶǰһάЦ٣ԭ참
һסˣλ־ֳָȻһСѾͷ˱ϹϾһƺΪ٣λֳòǰ참ɵȥ˰ɣ
ϰƬ̺󣬻æǰȥѵֳɷ
˦־һͷƤŭȵɷȻٻ참Ǿ˵һѲ˿ֲӣǵЭ٣Ȼҷٰ참һȣˣɷץȥ飡
ֳԩСûѲؿֲӣСֻܺ߰ӿɥԩ
ڻɱֳİ참𣿡ۺʵ
첻
һ·ԸͬʱҵҲҷˡ


310 
ȻֱϹϾҶǸ٣ˣʵڱǸͳȥ˵ž͸ϽȥħŮɲȥ
ȰŹϺֶҶ鿴˹ȥȫɵˡ
ҶɿҽܵٿǹҰȫ
Ҷô˵û˻ţ˸ղ֮Щ˾ǲҲˡ룬־ֳָ˱ϹϾŮ˾ݳȻ
ţλҰȫ˵ʢ֮£Ϊѵһ׹裬׹֮˶λĹʾɡ
ڰ˼СʱһʱҲʹ򷢹ȥˣʱ䣬ѾҪӡ
̫Ӹ磬һȥòãСҹءǽŮҶ첲ʵ
ǰ̫Ӹ磬Ҫһ
Ҫ̫Ӹ粻ӦǾ㲻š
ŮǶΧҶ˵
зأҪˡŮˣҶһóܾرǳƯŮˡ
ҪһƯѾͷҡҶĸ첲
Ҷ쵱ʢȴ˼Ƭ̺󣬵ҪǸһȥԺˡ
𣿡Ůһϲ
磬ܲҲȥٷأĽСʵ
ȻһȥɣҲǸۻᡣҶȻӦ
ʦ֣ʲôۻأҶɻʵ
ȥ˾֪ˣ߰ɡ
ǣŮӵҶ߳˰ᣬǿͰ͵ظں󷽡
߳˶ˣǵĵһӦǣѵĩսˣ
ֻǰһƬǼ˵һƬ棬ٵǽڶ̮ˣ鲣ɢһء
Ƭ̺˵ĿⶼҶ鿴ȥ
ҶȻԴҶֵʦ֣߰ɡȻҶǰȥ
̫Ӹ磬ȵǡŮæ׷ȥ
һ̤Ƭ뿪˺ֳǣߺصļϽŸ
ĽܵҲгЩѾͷǶҶֿϣĺȽϿ
ҶĴ£һ˶㳡
ʱŵĹ㳡ϾΣԹӦ֮࣬д϶ˡ
ۣôôأ̫Ӹ磬ѵд;ۻ𣿡ŮƯĴ۾Ծʵ
ûҶ쿪ڣһŮָһ˵Ǳߵ̨ϲǹһź˵Żϵָ˳˴Ǿӭᣡ
˵ĿҶ۶ȥ
Ǳң˵ĸ˲ҡҶҡͷʾס
ʱСǿƨƨߵ˹磬ʦ㣬ǹô֪ͨһء
Լˣ֪ͨʲôѲ㻹Ҫӭ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ٺ٣ҪϲĻҲ⡣СǿٺЦ
һôʱѧôԲˡҶЦ˵ţͻȻʲô͵һԴˣȥоָˡ
磬ýˣָϴǶѾˡСǿ˵
ѾˣҶЩ죬ǵ¿ҵҲֻоָ֪˲ܽȥ˭ȥ֪ͨǵأ
ҶɻСǿ͵ү¹һˣͻȥ֪ͨˣԭ绰µģֻػˡ
Ҷͷ׹Ǹ绰ֻûػˡ
ȻѾˣǾʡˡҶ˿ҪȻĻһһٿҲСʱ
磬ʦ㣬ɡСǿ
ҲһɡҶĽܵк
Щ˴ӦһȻ󰲰ֵַĸҶȥ֮ǰӵҶЩѾͷҲʧˡΪǶ֪쵼ʵϻǰڰ׵ֳ֮£ǿɲ̫⡣
СǿҶߵ̨ǰһŴԲǰԲǰ̸۵ľָһҶ硣
ⳡ棬ǼСŮͷӶ
̫Ӹʵ̫ˡ
ǵȻˣ˼ҿ˵
ǿȻڹӶӭӡ

ҶڰЦ°ɣǴҵĽգǡ
Ҷô˵˿ɶû£ôǵѭģҶûо֮ǰҲֻܹԹվš
ʱǰЦҶֵܣ֮ǰ绰ͨһȥҾָء
ֻûˣְ¸ˡҶ˵
ô˵ҪϺ¹һˣǼǵóԲٷˡүЦ
ǾܷģҪûھǶŶҲȥ֪ͨǡҶ˵
˶һЦ
磬㻹ǸϽɣȶվˡүߴٵ
ֽ˵ǰҶֵܣʦãİɡ˵ţСǿԸСǿҶֵܵȥɡ
ǣСǿӦһȻͰĽܵ˰˸ڵһϡ
£ǽŮ챧ԹΪ̫ܺӸһء
û뵽ֿôԶȹŮҲ
Ľæ˵ЩѾͷǲҲ̫ˣҪǽܸҸֻӽ𣿡
Ľôһ˵ǽŮæ˵Ǻ̫ӸôĺӰɶǽܸĹͣǵúúþܸһǡ
༸ŮҲʾͬ
⻹ࡣĽܵ
ҶҶ˱̨Ұõλϡ
ϳ˵֮⣬ڡŽɡڹһλȻǸСǿģЩҲ˵ĹǸΪھۻᣬԲûΰĺԶҲΪоۻûһ
˵ڹһν棬ŵ츮Ұռʮһϴú磬ȴһﹷʺˡ
ڹĵλȫһεðգҶ챻ñֶɱ֮мʮٴ̸Уڹðս̸֮ͨ籨ţײĳһ󹦳
ڽ죬ʮﻹеʸŽа壬ڣˣȫֻи׳Ƴķݡ
һӵڷָӷɡʯ˶Ѿ׵ڣүͻүҲҪڵӡ
ǱЩѾͷǵٶȿɾͿöˣֵһıӵԴʥ²ʱѴһʼǰڽ׵ڣԽȽסҶѾͷȻûôȴҲ׵˵ؾڡ
֮£ɫ㳡ΧļյǧͶ֮𣬽㳡յ硣
ʱ㳡ϵˣ˵ֵܣ㳡ҲΧ˲ٵˣЩֵģЩģȻвѶ̫ǡ


311 
ڰ׼ʱһװ˧ŻͲ̨Ȼǽˡ
̨м䣬Ͳ˳˵һμȵĿף߹ܶĺˮոȥ;ʤЦӣЯֽ߸һ·ҫжչǣЯͬСһ質ֿһѪһʫдҼһ·㡣ִš롢׷ŽᡢǹͬȼΪ㣬۷ԾӲֹ𾴵ĸλαװŮʿǣ˼˰ĹǣԼֳֵǣϺã
Ǹݵļһһվ̨ߴ˵˸ûֱ꣬ﶼòͷˣŻһתص⣺ڽῪʼ֮ǰĸλ쵼̨ǣ˵Ĵʼˣ䣬ͬʱӵŽ̫үƺŵ̨´ǡ
Ŵ˻һҵĻ
磡磡
ڼҶ˲ֵ࣬ĿУҶѾΪһ־֧ͺñǻͽĿеҮһ㡣
λϵҶȴЩգԹڿȥֵܣôȲҵ̨ݽأ
ǺǣҶֵ̨˵ǣڴЩϴ֣ҲûҪʲô秵ۡЦ˵
ǰ磬ڵӰֱһӦ̨˵ףʲôľͿˡСǿ
ҶЩգεðɣҾȥ߶ɡ˵ų̋ȥ
Ҷ̨֮ʣ㳡˵ֵƺҪ硱ƺŴ꣬硣
ҶԼҲ֪ʲôʱԼȻΪӰ˵ҲǣʱڱչҪˡ
˵ź£Ҷ컺̨ľ۹ӰȾ÷·ǽһ㡣
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ûҶ췴Ӧ̨ѾЩŮû
̫Ӹ磬Ҫǩ
̫Ӹ磬Ұ㣡

һʱ֮䣬Ҷ챻Щȵ̫ǸΧסһƬҡ
˵ҲǣϾҶһڹڳϳ棬ЩѾõŮ
£ҶܲǣǰһޱȷֵŮŮǰĿ䣬ı飬ƺҪ߳ˡ
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СǿװͦﭵƤЬͷҲùģھ۹Ƶҫ»⣬ͺǹ쵼һ㡣
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Сǿ߳ӱ죬ЦŲӰ̨ţ衣
СǿסЦ⡣
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µһȫԱһ쵼ǵŬõĳɼҵĽ͵ллҡ
СǿƪǧֵոԺ̨һЦСǿ̨
Сǿ̨̨˵˴ʣղǿݽȻĲŷ飬ֻҺܺ棬ǿ絽ļӦö볢ǿհɣȻշԺеǻᣬǻǸϽһλ쵼ˣҰ磡
һЦ£ڹһװģ̨
ֵǣҺã˺ڹҺڹн죬ӢҶҴκʶһƨĻ
Ⱥڹ̨Ž̨ҵһ㱨
쵼ݽˣҶǱߵǩỹûн˱ʵ̫ߣǩһʱҲˣĽΪѹĿĻ֮ǰʽʼˣҹǽΪϾͷ׵ĽĿȻдΪĵĳ齱ҿƾ볡ȯϵĺμӳ齱γ齱趨ĸصȽֻһλƷǰµA8γһ
̨һ󻶺
ͣƬּ̣˵һȽʮƷʮֽ𽱡ٽǶȽһٸƷһֽ𽱡ûеǰҲûϵΪ滹ߴһǧȽƷһǧԪֽнѾǳǳߣҪûн˵ǰ϶ûݹع
齱˱һ赸Ŀʼոе̨ɰ̨Щɫǿÿˮ
Ҷǩ˺ܾãСǿ˽ŮΧȦн˳
ҹᾫʷ׳ַǷ齱Ǽģټ˵粻ֳ֮࣬쳣Ծ


312 
һֱ賿ʱ֣Ҷ췢һݽҲʽĻ
˸֮ҶҶ˱ֱҶ鵱м尾жȹҹ
峿Ҷӵ˽ɭԵ磬˵һλΣĲ˼Σ֡
ҽԺв˲ζ£ɭԼȻҶ֣ҪôⲡѣҪôʲô
绰Ҷ첢û̫࣬ھʹӦϵҲˣ˳ȥɭҪС
˵绰ҶʹҶҽԺȥ
ǳϦˣҽԺﻹԵø֣ЩǵҽԺȹԲ֮ҹ
ҶҶֱҵ˽ɭԵİ칫ҡ
칫ɭؼţûд״ӣΪԭݼ֮ա
һҶڽɭԻæӭȥǸҶҽĻǧĸҽԺĳбǸ
ԺˣҲü롣ҶڰЦʵԺļ٣Ѳ˵λʲôѣ
ɭҡҡͷ˵ǽĳѣҶҽǻǱ߱İɡ
Ҷͷ뽭Ժ·ɡ
Ҷҽ룡ɭԹ˸ƣȻ߳˰칫ҡ
߳칫Һ󣬽ɭҶʵҶҽλСŮѣ
ʦãҶ飬ᣬҽɱһҪҶܵ
ɭһ𾪵Ҷ鿴ȥźƨʶҽС㣬ĳҰ
Ҷ߰ذԴ
ţҶʵԺȻλ˲ѣΪλ˽أòʲô쵼ɣ
Ҳʲô쵼ֻһͨŮŮȱ֢ĸѴһĽΪҶҽҲֲ֪вͻȾҽҩǼҳ㷹⼸ŮͷҽԺǵǵļͥ״ԺҲǼ˲ٷãģȴָȾ֢סҽԺʵ˿ᰡɭ԰̾
Ժ˵ŮĪǽƣڽɭ˵ȱ֢ʱҶȻõ飬ڻϸĵҩҲֻάһ£ҩѾþˡ
Ҷҽô֪ģɭһؿҶ졣
ʵҺҲЩ飬ӦҪŮƣֻһСĸˡҶԸ˵
ȻҶҽʶǣǾٺòˡɭԷĵ
ԺȾʲôأҶʵ
ȾĤףѾʮأټȱ֢ʮѣеԵˡʹôҩΪƵͬʱĳһʱҶҽϣҶҽܽȱ֢һɭԽ
Ȼҽɲɣȱ֢ܰϸȱģֲҪֻһ취ǾǸϸֲҶ˵
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Ȼû취Ĳȴа취Ҳ൱ڱֻһãͿܲܽˡҶƽ˵
ȻҶҽô˵ǵʱǽԼɡ
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£ҶҽβġɭԽ͵
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ôҿҽ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ȷʵ񡣡ֱ׵˵
ô˵ɾиˣ֮ǰڻϣһôɵҩ˵㶼Ƿ˸üˡҶһЦ˵˵ǰѾߵ¸ǰ
ǣǣǸ󣬴㣿¾°Ͷˡ
ǺǣȷʵǸңʱΪ
ûҶ˵ȥͻȻվ㵱˵õǿôãôûйأ֪ǵȵö𣿡һ߿ߣһҶϴţĵصҶ컳Ű㣬һҪκá
ҶıǸҲã¸ˣİɣһ취Ƶġ
µ˵ͷɬ뿪ҶĻͷ
Ҷûٵ飬ߵǰץƵ֣˰
罭ɭ˵ȷʵǻĤףѾʮأҶȡһ񵤣һŽⶾһ
ûãƱ˹
æǰץס֣еʵƣ㻹ðɣ
ص˵ͷ˵㣬Ҹоöˡ
˿Ҷ쿴ȥʵǽҪôأ
Ҷشһһֻ֮ҪǱ
Ǿ鷳ˡ¸м
ڼ䲻ܵţǶȥȰɡҶԸ
˵˼䰲οĻȻתſȥ
ɭһڴҶʵҽСȻҶҽʦãҲһҽɣԺҽƣ֪ɷҽСǰȥָָ
ԱСʲôô𣿡ҶȻʵ
ɭεһʱ֮ϻѾͷȻҶҽʦãȻȱǮҲ˵ǮջвͨģǳǮ֮⣬һʱҲ벻ʲôõķʽƬ˼һʵ֪ҽСҪʲôֻ꣬Ҫǽĳõģĳһȫ㡣
ҶԴ룬۾һʵʲôóԵģߺ𣿡
ҽС㣬ҽԺûʲôóԵģߺġɭҡͷֵҪҽСʲôĳȥ򡣡
𣿡Ҷϲ
ȻġɭԾǺСƵͷ
ղŹ·ϣҿһСԽ֣ӦóԵĶɣȥЩҶԸ
û⣬ҽС㣬ĳȴȥҽưɡɭֺǺǵ˵
ðɡҶӦ
˵䣬Ѿ߳˲
ɭһֺǺǵģҶеͬҪ֪ҶѾͷûôźġ
ߺҶߵǰŷ˴
֮صǰƷԸɡ
ƾѾָ˲٣


313 
Ҷ˵һһ׹㲻ҲûϵֻҪҽķʽͿˡ
ţƵͷӦ
ǣҶϣ̧Ƶ˫֣һ׼ΪͨĹ
ƱϾͻСҲȲϳˣԣһֱǿķ·߼
Ҷ콫ջأһ˵Լҽ·鹮һ°ɡ
ţƹԹԵ˵ͷͿʼ
Ҷ´ֱ뿪˷䡣
һҶæӭʵôˣ
֮УʱҪȥҶ˵
ĲȬ𣿡ʵ
ĺˣֻҪҽĹ֤Ժٲ֡Ҷش
Ҷô˵Ҳͷ
֪ҽô𣿡ҶʵȥѾͷǲѾҽƸˡ
֪Ҵȥɡ»شΪõĲѾҽԺĳֿͣҶݷùЩҽʿҪϤˡ
µĴ£ҶܿҽƣŵǣҶѾͷȻר־ΪһλСŮʩ뿴ɭԺͼ״ӵͷΧߣǾѧͽһ㣬Ħѧϰš
Ҷ컹ǵһμѾͷרĵ£ͻȻ䷢ǰԼͷСѾͷѾˡ
һĻȴֽΪա
ֻҶŪͻȻŽɭԷ֡
ɭشԱһ⴮صݵҶ
Ҷӹ⴮һ߳ԣһ߰ŪŮЩ룬ϼͷ۲ѣеĶӶȻǶûг緹
һĻҶ̾˿εҡҡͷǰȥ
һҶ죬ɭԾǿ˾һ㣬æӭ˵ҶҽˡҪҶٲǽҹǳԲˡ
ҶǿЦ˵Ժҿѧϰ͵ɣǻе¡
úúãǽѧϰ͵˽ɣҸøȥɭԸϽҶ췴Ƶġ
Ǽͷǽһ㣬һ֮ɫ
ʱҶȴδرԹʦ֣˼Ҷûнء
ͷɫһһ˫˫Ҷ쿴ȥ
ˣϻȥҹءҶ˵
ŶҶֻܴӦ
ţҶɭҪ˼룬ȻҶ뿪ҽơ
ֱҶӰҰʧͷŴһԺҶѾͷñܶԶ֮ˡ
ҶŮصƵĲʱѾֹͣ˴ɫǽһ
ƣô´أµǵǰȥ
㣬Ѿûءƿĵ˵
ҶŵĺˣѾǸˣԺҪ׹
̫ˡϲؽñÿ쵣µǵͷˡ
ӵƬ̺ɿãתߵҶǰϵظмлл㣬ллκá
Ҷ˰˵ˣллѾ̫ˣ䶼ϼˡ
ˣҶ֪ءµ
û˵𣿡ҶЩɡ
Ӧûаɡ룬ش
ǺðɣҾ¡ҽܰɡҶ죬أ˧λʦãҶ顣Ҷܵ
ҽ£λơҲ˸ҽܡ
ҹӦûûɣҪ͸һȥԺˡҶѾͷ¿ģҲֿġ
⣬ô˼أԵЩΪ顣
ûʲô˼ģʵҲȥ˼Ҳ䷹ġҶЦ
Ǿ͸˼ˡµ
Ҳʲôأҽң˵˶ҶȰ
˵ţ绰ġ
Ҷһ绰㣬Ͼ͹ˡ
죬ˣǻȥƵԺˣֱؾƵ꣬Ѿ˰ᡣ˵
֮ˡҶҵҪȻ治˼ЩѾͷȥ
Сӣʲô˼أЦ
ûʲô˼ֻǲĿŽôءҶٺЦ
ˣͲƽˣɣҺȹȥˡ
ˣ㣬ҴٴѹҶѵ
У˶Ǿô˵ˡڴӦ
˵绰Ҷ쿴µҶѾҽ˵ˣҲͱƴˣ߰ɡ˵ţҲܽ𲻴Ӧͷſȥ
Ҳֻøȥ
ţҶֱӿŮȥ˴ؾƵꡣ
ڷĴ£ΰĺᡣ
ֻĸŮСѾͷһҶϲﲻͣš㡱
СѾͷô˾ҲأҶǰСӡ
ϲ档һ˵
ðС㾹ȻͲ˾ˣ˾˲ֻСӸˡҶŻ
ϽܻĻ״裬裬˾ҪҵСӸˡ
ģҼġ簲
˾ˣ˵Ҫ㡣绳һ˵˵ŻҶ˸
⻵۵СѾͷб±軳˾˵Ҷ
裬ҲҪ˾˵Ť
úúã簲οֶҶˣСӣϽѰɡ
ˡҶԴȻ½
ԽûͷһָߵĳԵЩнǸ˵ƢܺõŮˣŮȻҲͺܿˡ
㣬أкŮºҶʵ
ϵĻ飬ء˵
㣬¹ܽˣϽϲ˰ɣ緹ɶûءҶһȦĶӴߴٵ
Ǹò˵Ҫ³صضһɣ翪Ц
ҪǽǰھƵԣǻȥԸ߳ɱȻȥءҶЦ
СӣͷƤˡ˰
ٺ٣㣬ҿԺҵôϸñС
Ϊֻһ𣿡Ȼ
Ҷֻһֽֽ̡
ֽҲûãһûʩչء
Ҷͷðִߵ㣬㻹ǸϽѽлɣٲϲˣǵöûˡ
ðɺðɣ͸绰˵ţ㽫ֻ˳ﻹֹţȥ˰컹òֻ꾫˰ɣ

粦żŸհ²룬绰ͽͨˡ


314 Ϧ
ʮڻŻͲ򵥵˵˵ֱӹ˵绰Դ˵ʼɡ
Ҷ˶ϵص͵һʱ䣬šءһƿΰĴŴ˹
㻹׼ʱһɾ͵óԿͷˡҶ٩
ǣǰȫУһһʮ׿ĹھҪǵȥμӰ˻Ļڶ֪˭ءΰİȻ˵
㣬д£Ҷʵ
ǾɣﻹܴţءؽҴ
磬⵱ô˵棬ͲܸΰıԹ
ûУҪӡǲѣʵոǲָֻ꾫ˣȻʵ
˵ģôƯﻹʲô꾫ءΰĸϽƨ
ǳϦҹҪȥĻҲ㡣Ȼ˵
ΰ۾һϲʵ𣿡
˵أӡ
ΰĲһϽһ˵ؾصģɷôܳȥأֱҵΪݵġҸΪһ˱ҪԼƷУЩ黨ǲݵΪġ죬ԺɼҵӺҲһҪһĺɷ򡣡
ҶĨ˰Ѻߵͱ¸ԼˣϽϲ˰ɡ
úúãϲϲˣ˵ţΰıԸϲˡ
һ˱߳Աģò֡
¶ǺҶȥ˸
ӰȥҪһʱΪÿŲ϶ΧŮһˣ˵Цһܰľ
ЩҸļͥҶĵһ˿ˣֺǻ𣿽ÿ𡭡
ºڷߣɱҹ
ڵĴ֮лҡҷ˸Ļ˼㲵ӣľһˣΪȷе˵Ӧˡ
ʮǰһٰʮ˲ɱ尸ǰ죬һó̸⣬˳ȥβȻ̸صҵʱȴһƬ棬ʬ嶼ѾղᣬͻĴҴļ˼ΪΪ˲ǼǿĻȥЩ꣬ǸգĴܳ׷ɱŵǲСĽվûӹһ١
֣ǺܿҪ׷ˡŴǵ
磬ȥǳᱻ׷ϵġҲһ
ü˼Ƭ̺ӣŮ˺ͺǴҲǰûѴʱһĿĵػϡ
磬ôأǼζԸôˡӷԵ
ӣŮ˺ͺ뿪ǰٶҲ࣬˵ܰ˦ˡ˵
˵ûӣ͸ϽŮ˺ͺ߰ɣҪȻɾˡ˵ֵܹϵ
ɢжʵ̫Σˡ
ڹܲôˣһһǸϽ߰ɡߴٵ
˳ĬƬ̣Ȼ˵磬Ů˺ͺ߰ɡ
ӣҪǻǴĻͱˡȻ˵
磬Ҳ֪Ǹϴ֣ҪʲộҸûȥΪңһûš˵ţһѶĻѣ˺ߣȻʹͷ౼ȥǺ޶˶ݵĸȻȻĻѣǰ
ŻѽԶڰһƬ
ǿˮ֣ߣ˵ţͷҲǰ
ϼԲ֮ҹȴ
ҶմӲ߳ﴫһŮѭȥֻһŲǰվһŮӣŮͲϵһ˳࣬Ҷһ۱ϳá
Ŀǰ֪ںͶԷʲôҶ첢ûмȥȰܣ߽˼Թۿ
ˣ˺һŮŮֻжʮ꣬òޣеʮӣװϰ塣
Ҷ쿴òʱ֮м죬ϸһ룬ܿͼ
ϴκͶҦȥϺݳԷʱ޻һˣǰ޻ͬееһˣʱﻹ§һŮӣȻߵλŮӡ
ʵɣǰѾԺݽ״ʵʵڼҵŷԺĴƱɡʱ˵ϵӣ׺ŭݡ
ҲģҲģ˦ÿ޺
ʵϵϴú˵ЩҶѾܹ³ǰˡ
֮ԲԸԷ飬⵹˵˻и飬Ϊ˵вƲ£ҪĻֻһǮҲò
ιŮôôҪƶ˵Ҫˣ㾹ȻƤزšӱϵŮüͷ
ָŮӷȻΪҲ֪Щ˾ָʹġ
Ůɫһ䣬ֲܿΪȻЦЦ˵ָʹΣֻССĽѵ֪ѶˣҪ㻹ڸĵĻ´οɾûôˡĻдżв
Ϊô۸ҪǰǼˣ˸ͬھõŭĿغȵ
ŮǲλϵǸͷŭ
ϵֽ̫˺ӵŮˣ𣿡
˺ӲǵĺöӺģǺһӣҲŹǵģҲŹǵġô
ϴֻ˵еʱɷƵδ˵Լ˲вĺ֢ҪȻҶͰκˡ
㻳˺ԼСһ㣬ֵҶͷˡ̫źǳ
һ˶һǿ׳ҲҪǲһĽҲݵģҲҪᡣҧ
Ƶɷ޹˾ܣڽҲСǰĻǸͬһײȻҲ֪ݡֳ·ֶ˵飬ҲҲסҪȥҹҲˡ
֮£ĴþԸŮ˸ϳȥ
첽ߵøǰȰ˵λС㣬Ǵʮʲô˼Һú󳳴֣Ӱ˾ͲͶ಻á
ҾҪ֪˵ĿҾҪɨءôµ
С㣬ҪȡֵĻҿɾͺǿȥˡ
бͰҸϳȥҾǾƵſв
Ȼôҿɾʹ绰ˡ˵ű㽫ֻȡ˳
һѾ·ߣҲ·ˣһᣬӿڴһˮָȵҪǸұңҾɱ㡣


315 а
ŵ˺һΧĹ˿Ҳŵñɫϵһ˸Ǳŵɫࡣ
ҲǿѾʧȥǣҶ֪ûʧȥǣǱƵͶ·ˡ
Χвȡֻ׼ҶҶȲҪκκ¶ɵģҲӦλСĿԡ
˵ţߵǰȶ˵½ɡ
ǣȻϵҶ죬ԴӦһ˵һߡ
ΧȻвϵҶ죬Ȼ󲿷˻Ƕ˺İģйһЩڵҲûܼǵ
ҶÿȥȰ˵λŮʿһ㣬ڵΪѾ˷ǵ޷Щܵͽ䣬ԼΪˡϸ룬Ҫ㱻ؽЩ˻ңˣԣңһġ˵һֻ֡
Ϥӯݵ˶ԷΪǰˡ
ӹҶһ˦ˮᡱһǰϣԭ;δڱҶͻһŵûһ
Ⱥڵ۾ѩģҲλŮʿԩ͵ǽϦҹֽĿˡҶ˵
ţǸһ㣬ʼ鰸
λŮʿ֪γƺҶʵ
ңҽáûشȶࡣ
Ҷ˵ͷλϵʵλôƺأ
Щ˵˵Ǹղ˱ĻñȻóηҲʡ˲鷳£Ҷĳַǵĺ£Լҵĳ¸ᵽ̨Ȼǰٰ㲻Ըˡ
ôСأҶƱϵŮӿȥ
ࡣŮҲûػش
ӸոЩĻӦӵģһʼŮʿǶԷޣŮʿΪĳЩԭ˲֢Ůʿ飬ŮʿΪĳЩԭͬ飬ֵǰһҵķӦûдɣҶ˫ʵ
˫û˵
ȻǶ˵Ǿ͵Ĭˣʣûʵ˹ԹԱͣҪ졣Ҷ˵أȻãʵŮʿ󣬷޹ϵΣ
һʼãû⻨ƵأǵĹϵҲͽֽˡûش
ʲôлƵأҸЩҵѺȾ̸ѵ𣿡
ƴŮ˵ڿؼңҲ̸𣿡ʵ
ΧһƬЦ
Ҹոպ˵ûǵʱ򶼸ҹԹԱ͡Ҷ첻õ
˶û˵Ҷ˵̸⣬漰ŮҲ޿ɺǣȻҲǷ޹ϵֵһԭ򡣡˵ţÿȥʵ֮ǰŮʿ˵ԼĲ֢ģɷ˵һ˵
ÿ˵ǽ鼸ºһһӣںµʱƻؼûɵظҳһܣҲСıƵ˻˲֢
ŮʿĲк𣿡Ҷ쿴ʵ
ԼСˤģֲҡƱ粵
Ҷʵô˵ҲϵԼǺˣȻŮʿһܣ԰ɣ
Ŀһûлش
˿ŮʿֱԭΪ˾ƣҲ˵ŮʿӦ㡣ղλĸ˵ŮʿԼעģƫ̻Լӣһ㣬Ӧö֪
Ҷ˶٣ּ˵ȻĹʧŮʿУΪŮʿв飬øŮʿһ⳥˵ţʵŮʿиص⳥𣿡
ûУҲἰⷽ⳥ȴһڻؾˡвƲµģҪĻһǮҲòʵ˵
ɾĲˣνһշްնôѹŮʿҪƴҶ쿴Ц
ΧĹҲ׷ָЩ޵ݡ
Ҷּ˵˵˵СŮʿ֮£Ůʿ֮ӦǴС飬԰ɣ
޿ɷ档˵Ȼ֪ԷվǱߵġ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦûϵ׷ǹʣϦ֮ҹȴһҹйϵﶼˡղŮʿŮʿ˵Щ˾ָʹġ֪Ůʿɷ֮顣
Ů˲ֹһεøַʽвҾӦ飬ǰٴң˵ٲӦĻͶҲҽӵһͬѧĵ绰ȥֳǳ裬ȥ֪֮Ǹƭ֣ǿнҪϽһҪң
Ҷӹ˵ŮʿӰ˳ñҿҳֽŮʿղСҲˣЩָʹģ֪Сָ֪֪ʹǿǽ๲ָʹ˹ͬǿҲ˵ѾΥΪŮʿҪ׷ĻҪηġ
ŮһЩˣæƱ˭˭˵ָʹģңҸղֻһʱˡ
ҶüͷһΪȻ㲻ҲûϵŮʿҲŮһʶ
ʲôŮˣҪٸңŲҸ̰Ůŭ
ŮˣͬʸûСҶҡͷ̾
˵˭أŮӲ
㻹˭أλζԴԼӵģӦˣǰ֮Ͱǰ㾹ȻҪصޣ˵ѵд𣿡ҶЦ
ң֮иģŲŮ
Ҷҡҡͷٴڳɨһۣ˵ǰѾʮˣҲŮʿղΪλ˼ˡ
˶˽Ȼһûԡ
ԼɨأջȻվָҶȵʲôƾʲôƷͷ㣬ǵԻзԺоò¡
Ҳʲôǰ£ҪǲһһңҲ¡Ҷ
ҿǸûС̫Űų
ˣҪУùܵñܣǻϵͷѵҲʲôö
ƺͷӺܼɻӣһ˵ⷬæҶȰ⣬㻹ǱˡҶͷ˵һǻ
Ҷ첻ΪЦЦͷ˵ͷ⻰˵һҲûҲͬĹ۵㣬ֻҾӦܼķΧ֮ڡ
Ҷŵ̫ſѻյþʵǾƵôģҲŽ


316 
˼ңҶ㣬ҪȻƵ겻ӭ㡣ظļǵãԶ׿ڸ˵ҾƵ꣬ԲԶԲΥҶָʾԿԶҶľ⡣
Ļɫһ䣬õΪƵĴþȻ˵ʪݵĻǲӦү̸һ̸ˡԭͱǰķңȴ˵˵ӭǣȻ߳ŭ
ƻʱԶϵ漴Ӻ𣬡֪Ҫͷ̸ʲôأ
Զƶʱ۾һͷȥ
ֻԶһ˳
æӭȥ״үӣʱǵʵ̫ûˣȻ˵
˵ȥԶ˰֣Ȼ˵ղǷͷѾˣûҪظ̸֪ʲôأ
ǺǣȻүѾˣӦûúôµġһάЦ
ûʲôôģղǷҲҵ˼Զ˵
ɫһʵүӣղ˵Ļûɣ
ԶҲôƣֱҶ˹ȥǺЦ˵ھƵҹͷصڼҳ˸߷ֱȻҴææܹ䷹û뵽㻹׼ôһĿ
ǺǣүӲҳϦҹƵ¾ˡҶЦ
̴ܵҶǰʵ磬﷢ʲôأ
һ鰸أҶЦ
Ҷֵܣʲôʱе𷨹ˣڵ٩
ֵôɫˣǼֱʮУ״ԪҶ
ѾˣȻԶڶôеʲôأ
ҲľȻûϵ˻ı
Ȼү䷹ԵģǾһͬȥɡҶԶ˵
ѾˣԶ˿ƺ۵ãʵ
ҶƿȥȻ˵˵ͨԺ£ȰҲҪʲôԺƱˣؼҺúɣĹ˾ܿͻᵹˡ˵ţÿȥ˵Ůʿһȥҹɡ
ҡԵЩܳ
ҶߵǰЦ˵˳ȥӹ˾£߰ɡ˵ֱõ֣ȥ
ֱҶԶһԶƲŻع
ҶȥķһߣмߣŻ˭أʶͺ˲𣿡
ʱԱ߲һλӳѵܣǴһͿһʱ⽭꣬Եκˣǲܵˡ
һ亹æʵܣûû˵ôɣеʲôأ
ʲôУû˵̫ү𣿡ʵ
̫үƵͷЩᡣ
û˳ƽ̫үҶ졣ʮֿ϶ظҡͷ̾Ϣ˵칫˾ˣ֮һĺҵֻҲֻ֧˶̶һڣҿ㻹รɡ
ⷬƳױˣʬһ㣬ǵ߻صԼλϣ̱
ƣڸôأϵŮӽʵ
ô죿ร£ľػش
ŮһվߣôûõˣʲôʸȢأ˵ţƨˣҵһڡ
Ҷ˰ᣬԶһҲ֮˽
ԶΰӭӣүӣǷôû˵ǾƵ껹
ܲ´ˣͷǹ䷹ġԶǺЦ
ҿүӦǹ򵥵İɣЦʵ
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Ҷֵܣôأʵ
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ΰæ죬òôѾƵ칫˾ʲô˾ͶҲҺүӡ
ԶЦЦʵĪܵ˼ǣһͬʣ
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һһ֮бԿ˺ʹѾľνǶһţ궼Ҫһ
Ǿǵķɣ֮Ҹ绰Ҷ˵˵ʱסҾƵɣĹ˾̨֮ٴȥĹ˾˵Щ֮ʵֻȫ۵С°ˡ
ҶھӪ˾һϲͨҿǽӹܺˡƴǵ
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ҪллˡԶ
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ҶæмĻҿɲˡ
һۣ˲ᣬЦ⡣
ҹڻֵнҶ졢Զΰ˼ʯͷΰˣԽ˾ˡ
˺ΰһȥԶҶ˼Ҳ뿪ˡ
Ϊﶬ÷ûҶҲ׼ȥɴڴؾƵ궨˷ס
½úˣҲҶİס˾Ƶ
͵ſںҶͣ˽Ų˵Ůʿﰲĵס°ɡ
ŮʿˣһýͿˡؿҶ˵
Ҷһ㶣ԵЩΣȻ֪öѾɣҿһɴҲֻװɵ˵ǺðɣԺýˡ
ЦЦ˵죬ϲϲһҪллΪôࡣ
ýˣԺʲô鷳ұǣҪҲңҲϸӺܣһġҶѵ˵ˣҪʲôʱˣҪӵĻԴ绰ңҿκĲ֢
ҡҡͷˣɣʲôҲٻˣʵһҲͦõġ˵úɣﻹôһ˿


317 ˾
ҶЦЦǺðɣطϢɣˡ˵žתȥ
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ʵҶҲδ׶Է⣬ֻǶ˵ĿǰΪҪĻͱ
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ҶֳԵòΪȻĵĻ棬ʦ֣ȥأȲҶʵ
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Ҷ߽˹˾
ȻƵӣȴֻ֪⹫˾ַû͸Ӳ֪Ƶİ칫ˡ
Ҳֻȥǰ̨ѯǰ̨òŮӣǲûע⵽Ҷù˽С졣
⹫˾ô˵ƲƲأ֪ϸµнˮûе÷Ůǵ
˵Ϧҹ̫ܵӸ硣һ̷Ů˵
ǰɣȻҵҵżⲻŮһֻӡ
ɲʲô˲õƫƫȥ̫Ӹ磬Ҳ湻ߵģڻǡ̷ŮƵ
Ҷ˵ĶԻԵЩϽϵλŮģ
ŮŲ̨ǰҶãæö˶Ů΢ЦʵԤԼ𣿡
ǹӹǹ˾ģλŮʿǹ˾ܲãҪԤԼ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ŮһŻش¥ٿɶᡣȻµܣȻñֱˡ
ɶᣬǺǣá˵ţҶȥ
˵Ӱʧڵݿڣ̷Ůɻ˵ôλ˧Щأ


318 ӹ
ȻŮۼҶ죬Сҹ죬ڷ˿ҶĺӰѾ˽ɵÿ䣬Ϊ̫ԵȻЩƬ
ո̫Ӹ˵ӹҹ˾ûɣŮӼʵ
ҲأȻǵ̫Ӹ絼¹˾Ʋģô̫Ӹӹܹ˾ҲȻˡ̷Ů˷ܵط
Ժǲܹÿ쿴̫ӸˣŮһڴ
Ǹղ̫Ӹ˵ǸŮ˲ҹ˾ܡ̷ŮЩź˵
Ҳ̫ӸĹ˾ءŮһģش˿YYʲô
Ҷŵ¥¥һ칫ŲٵԱ
ҶͽһŰ칫ǰλһŮʵŮģ
ǰ档Ůָһش
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ǣҶþͳŮָķȥһ·˲ٵĿ⣬ܿҶҲͱˡ
λЩŮǶǼ֣ͺǿʲôһ㣬ڹǱضҶҪǩʲôġ
Ҷܿߵ˻ǰҲûţֱӴ˽ȥ
ʱʮˣϵơ
˽ţ˶Ťͷ
Ҷ죬ԭ԰׵˲ࡣ
㣬ʲôҶʵ
ҶһЦ˵ȻӹĹ˾ˡ˵ű߽˻ҡ
ʲôӣӹܣ˭˵Ҫ˾תˣŭ
ҶûƣɨһۣЦʵظλҹ˾ĹɶɣǰӦöҹ˾ѾƲҲ˵Ҫ˶ãЩƱͻɷֽˣζʲôӦñɣ
Ҷⷬ˶ɫףȻ֪һ˾ƲôͶȥǮҲȫˮƯˡ
Щ˻סҶƿȥЦЩɶԣĻ㣬˵ǹ˾ЧԭͲǺܺã˿عɺʹؼһͬʣ˾ƲҲǳ¡һƲĻֻ㽫Ḻծۣʱķӡӣи˴ʲôͳͳҪծˡ
㣬һĻ󵷵ĹƵŭȵ
Ҷʼ˵ΣҲȡģʰ̯ӣӦøмҲǣӲҪѸʲ
ܣҲֻˣ㻹ǿɡλһͷȰ˵ȻǵԼͷĹƱɷֽ
ǰܣֻüҪȻĻļҲɶȥˡܿһȰ
ţһһ׷Ȱ˵ƽ˾ת֡
ƶͷð˶ĺ飬Ҳ֪Ҫǲ˾ת֣˾ȱʽƲҪԼ汲ѪƴĻҵˣʵڲġ
ư첻ҶЩͷ˵ɱΪҺϡС˾Ҫ㲻ʱǹҲûˡ
Ҷôһ˵ڹɶɶţǼʽƺ޲ñ
һֻһҧεشӦ˾޳תãڹɶŴһֿĸоΪ֪⹫˾һΪҶģ˿عɺʹؼűؽͶʸʽʱ˾Чؽ
ţҶȴúưȻȥ֤˹˾תƾȨת鵽Űˡ˾ơӪΧַȣȰҲϳΪ칫˾ܡ
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Ҷڹ˾ſӭλרңԶ˵ǱѧרҵҵĲʿڴؼʮܾӵŷĹ˾顣
Ҷϸ˵ĵ˵ܾɾˡ
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ܾǽҪôأʵ
һ㹫˾ת֮ȵջԭɶĳ֤µ֤¹ɶ޸Ĺɶᣬй̱ǼǡȻ˾³ҲҪӦĸı䣬Ȼǹȫ˾Աˡ˵
Ҷͷ˵ǾͰܾ˵һʵаɣڹ˾ļɶѾۼڻ
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һҶ죬Žæӭڱ㰧ҶֵܣһҪǹżҡ
Ҷüͷһ壬ʵֵܣ׷ʲôˣ
ģǰһҹżҪҹżҽˣȻ˵ǽˣʵȴҪǹżҹ˳ҡҹżȻǲӦģʱҵһвĻ֮ˣҲû̫⡣ϣڼǰҹżҼ˰ܣֽҪҹżȥ̸С峤ڼλǿǰȥͶԷ̸У峤ȥ˼죬ڶûŽǵ˵
ʮа˾ΪҶ϶ȥ¸˺нⶾʱ򣬾ռŷ˵ڰмеһЩСѽĿ˹żе
ȻҲôΪûȷ֤ݣֵȼҲ޼£ҲֻҶֵѰˡŽһ֮ɫ
ζǹżҳֵģܾܿһЩѾ˳ҵСֻĻʹǹżȥЩɳ棬ҲɵȫˡҶ²
ҶֵܣҲֻܰˡŽҶæܴһԭΪҶ֮ҲжԹ


319 ż
ֵģһᾡΪģڻϢһ°ɣһȥ׼׼Ҷ˵
ţŽɵ˵ͷ
Ҷ첻ٳɣؾƵȥ
صƵ꣬ҶȻڿŶƬ
Ҷǰ˵ѾͷʦҪҪ뿪죬⼸ʵʵƵ
ʦ֣Ҫȥأ˼ҲҪȥҶæ˵
Уȥ̫ΣˡҶȻܾҶӵŵؾΪֻ뷨ûʲôʵսʽҴ˴εĶоԲؾǿߣȻѾͷȥðա
˼ҲƵҶ
ҪʦȥҽҺˡҶ
ǺðɡҶ鼫ԸشӦ
ǣҶҶȥΰļңָϻرȡ˳׵ͼȻŷضֻŽһͬżҳ
żҾ붫Щ·̣˴ĳִżҵʱѾϾŵ㡣
żһƫƧϣռһҲģСʯ
Ϊһ飬żҽ䱸ɭϣſˣԺҲаأԷ͵Ϯ
ڹŽɵĴ£ҶûܵκӾͽԺӡ
ԺӵĹģȻܴ󣬵ȴʮֳ¾ɼªһЩϲϷӡȻⲢ˵żûǮ·Ϊ֮˲עЩ
ŽɴҶ߽ǼԺӴŵĿ
ʱŲˣŮٶУֻһ֮ˣҴ󲿷ֶǻƾΪֻؾǿߡһʮĴ󺺣ӵеؾΪһʮĿ꣬ӵеؾΪ
ЩƺڴʲôǿŽɴҶͣס⣬Ťͷ˹˵ĿⶼۼҶϣҶܹزЩ˵Ŀжһ˿ʧζ
ɣ˾˵Ŀ԰ϴæǿ𣿡Եúܲ⡣
ǵķ塣Žɹػشڳ˽ܵλǽִھҶ졣
һ׷׽ͷӶ
ɣҼǵýִĹھһҶ˰ɣǸؾΪĿɻ
ʵҶֻҶֵܵĻѡŽɽ͵
ԭͷ׹ҶȻôƣȶԷĽʺޣˬǣһӽžһֱԼСʦÿ
ʵҲˣ߽ҶĿһֱһλòŮϣŮӲǱˣǷ棬ԼһͬũؾǸŮӡ
ܹڴ棬Ҷڴ⣬ͬʱҲΪ˲ٵȤ
ȻϲҶ죬ҶǲĿܲڡ
ֵܣ񲻵ǹż˰ɣҶʵ
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һɽȻδμӽִᣬȴҲ˵λ˵ϴ㣬ΪһִĹھһҶСΪպˬЦ޵
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ҲǸؾΪĿ꣬ŽܵģϽִĹھҲֻжʮ꣬Ϊȴ̤ؾǰڣժھ
Իɽ˵Ǹϣ˻ɽɵϣˣһֱӣһҲ˽Ը
˵ִĹھʮеؾΪҲ˵һҪ̬Ȼܲˬ
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Ŀֻ֣һһӵеؾԲΪԽԼ̫࣬ȫڶԷʲôķΪ
ţԶԷ;ԲܻӵеؾԲΪ̲סʵҶֵӦʲôΪɣֻԷ׿ڳϣŻᰲġ
ҶѿಢʲôƵļһڷܵûöһΪı
Ҷش˿ţһЦ˵ҶֵӵеؾΪȷʵѵһῡţҲûҪΪɣѲװֻϻⷬжٴһ˿ζڳ˶óġ
Ҷ쵱Ȼ˼ƽϣΪȻЦЦ˵ͺֵ˵һȷʵϻֵԼϻĻǿɵСĵ㿩
Ҷֵ˵ЦˣĳʲôϻȻ׳ԵµġȻ˵
ǺǣֵܾܷģϻǣҶġҶ쵭ȻЦ
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Ҷ˵ͷûٴ࣬ŹŽһࡣ߶ǹżˣϪѾͷҲڣ۾ףһˣΪҲǰ峤ǰȥ̸еһԱ
Щż˴붼ûΪĸˡСЩΪҲǻƾӣֻйŽһӵеؾǰΪȻ֧ǰȥ̸еĶѾ˹żҵǿߡ
Žɽ˺Ҷʵֵ֪кμƻ
Ž̾˿ε˵ǳ̸֪еĵص֮⣬Ҳûˡ
Ҳ˵ֻȥ̸еصѰˡҶ˵
ţŽɵ˵ͷֵȻѾ룬Ϣһϣһͳɡ
Ȼû
ţŽɶһ긾Ů˵ȥҶֵ׼һɡ
ã긾ŮӦһ߳˴
ʱ䲻ˣҶȥϢɡŽ˵ҶҶֵܣ£ҽϸظ˵һ˵
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ܿ˶ȥֻʣҶ͹Ž
ѾͷޱӵʵҲͦɰġ࣬Ҷ컹̲סϪ٩һ䡣
ϪûҶһۡ
Ҷֵܣ˵ɡŽɵ
Ҷº󣬹Žɱ㽫ȥҶ˵һ飬ͬʱҲ֮Ҷ죬ż̸֧жɵؾΪ峤죬λؾǿߣλؾǰǿߣλԲ֡


320 
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ŽɵĽҶüͷ𣬡ǹż̸֧жʵѾ൱룬ԷпʹͶ֮ıֶΣͺ͵ִЩ孹һ
ȷֿܣԷʵҲԲŽ˵
Ҷͷͬ
ðһ䣬ҶֵܵΪ׵˺εȳ̶ȣŽɺʵæ͵Ҳֻ˽ߵʵжŻӵӦ֡
ؾԲҶҲûʲôʵش
Ҷشŵöһˡ
˵ķӦҲҶ֮УԼʮӵеؾԲΪ׽ȷʵһֲĴڡ
λǰȥ׼긾Ůص˵ҶķѾ׼ˡ
ֵܣҾȻطϢˡҶ˵
Žľص˵ͷ
ǣҶ긾ŮĴ֮뿪˴
Ҷ뿪ãŽɷŻعһ૾̾Ҷֵνֽһ漣
긾ŮҶ䣬ⷿȻ󣬲ʰõͦɾģҵȫǸԢ
ڶ峿΢΢˱ۼĴ
ȻҶˣǾͳɡŽҲϻֱ˵˵
ǣһ˺ƺƵ̡̤
йжʮˣżҺͻɽɸռһ롣
·ϣҶ˽⵽ż峤ͻɽһ֮ϵá
һ·ϣ涼һ񲻶ӣʱʱᳯҶ͵Ҳ֪ĥʲô
Ů˸òǰ𣿡ҶлɣʱҲ͵͵תͷҶ쳯һЦһ죬ϽջĿ⣬Դ
ǣŮ˻˼Ҷ͵֡
һ˴ҴҸ·ʱڵִĿĵء
̸еصһƫƧķΧһƬ
ھ볧ԶһƬСͣ
ţȹȥ̽̽Ҷ˵
ҶСѣȥɡ˵Ȼ֪ҶΪߡ
ҶҡҡͷΪױԻȥȽϺá
Ҷôһ˵ҲеҲ͵ͷӦ
ţҶҡڵسųȥ·ͨһ㣬֮ʱɢȫλĿ졣
ڳһȦһӰҲûǣҶ㽫˶˹
볧󣬹Ž˵ڴҷɢңûʲô
ɢĴѰ
ûãһ䳵﷢ۼ䳵
յʲôҲûУȴԿԵĴ򶷺ۼҲеĻۣϸǲŲٵѪ
ΧңûʲôŽ˵
Ҷŵˡ˵ţߵһӱߣӵʰһҲŤŤдһѪ֣
Žɿ첽ǰӹҶĲϸ۲Ƭ̣˵峤·ϵĲ
ô˵峤·ϳ鲼Ѫдϡ֣Ϊ˸Ҷ˵
һǵ˹Ϲأһ˵ȻǹڼҶ졣
ֵܣԴôô鶼벻ͨأзȻסżҵȫ׾ٵؽżʣµ£αҪѾĻôѪϹأҶԴ˵
㡭䲻ȴҲ
Ҷֵ˵еӦǹǰµġͬ
峤Ȼ֣ǱȻ֪ĵ֡Ҷѵ
ѵңղ²
ҲôΪֳϹϵģĿԾˡŽ˵
˵ΣҶʵ
ֻһС壬ԶǹżҡŽɻش
ô˵һһ˴˴жҶ˵
Ҳֻȥ̽һ̽ˡŽ˵
ǣһ뿪ҴҸҡ
Һһɽ֮У˷ɽԽ룬ֱҹʱַҵӪء
һƬʮֿɽȣɽľݣΧ˰أҪǱ¡
һǱɽȱߵһľïܵɽϣûóȻж
ڸô죿һʵ
Է䱸ɭϣҪȥɲסŽ˵
ƽ¶ԷȻ䱸˿ǹżЩӦþͱѺڴ˵ءҶ²
ҵʵ⼸ɱȥʹ´ˡԾԾԵ˵
㶺ԵĿɲǵһҡҶ쳰
ҿ̰ɣĵ
ҶһЦȻôǲȥڻң̽¶Էжʵ
ҲҲû˵ҪһȥȻ
Ҷüͷһ˵ô˵һȥˣ
㣡
˲ͣŽæ˵Ϊ˰ȫҿ취ԷʵȻƶжƻ
û࣬ҶС˵Ҳֱɱȥʵ̫ΣˡҲͬ
ڵǣԷ䱸ɭϣǸû취ǱȥҪô̽Էʵأ಻
˵ҲԣԷеؾǿڣһȻᱻҪ֪ػȥûôסε
ţȥɡҶ˵
ȥݾ𣿡Ե
˵ֱɱȥҲһǴݾ𣿡Ҷ췴ʵ
Ʋͷû˵ʲôǵҶСѣһȥ᲻̫Σˡ
Ž֪ҶΪʵȻûġ
ĺˣһСĵġҶڵ
ҶֵܣǾˡŽɵ
Ҷ˵ͷȡ±ϵĳ׵йŽɱܣȻɽǱȥ
ɽЩïܵĹľҶϢǱɽС
£˷ʿأҶûóȻжһعľԺ󷽣ɢľ̽һ飬δֵؾǿߡ
ȻûеؾǿߣôʹǿŶݵǱȥҲͲᱻˣݳɣҶϽݵȡ˳
׼ݵע֮ʱӵ̸ע⡣
˴ˣЭ˹żҵˣץס˵һʲôأһԲ˵
˵ҩʯ֮⣬ʲô˵ٶҲֲ㣬˸ʲôһһƵ˵


321 
˵ҲǣǵۻҲòֺЩʺõģҩʲôȴԴԴϣ費ƽԲ˵ŴӵϼһСʯӣݺݵһȥ
̾˿˵ٱԹҲûãʵʵĶɣʲôġ
ٺ٣ȴһ꣬۸һȥϴǼҵԲһڴ˵
УϴͦãҵڶδءаЦ
˵ǸѾͷǹɫ㣬ץʣЩҪӧѺЩû׼һѾͷݡԲ
˰ɣƯҲĲˣС쾡Щüŵģ⾫ЩʵڵĶɡѵ
ԲƲƲ˵㲻ҲŮǵƬֻֽ
Ѳһ㵱ֻֽ𣿡Ƴ۵
ԲСֹ˼䣬˵˵ҸҪؽ׽Щأ
˭Ѻ˹ȥʱ˳£û
˵ҵҲǺҲ֮һû뵽ȴ䵽֮Բ̾Ϣ
ΪΪܣν֣ˣ㿴ذɣҵûȥ˯ˣһ绹ǰȥ׽ء˵ţӱתȥ
ⷬԻҶĶǻп֪Ѿв˱Ѻңǻʲô³ҶѲҪĻӪʣЩˡ
ҶݵעǱ£Ųȥһǰһɢ̽⡣
Ǳף̽⵽˵ؾǿߵϢҶûټݵǰ⸽ûˣǱ棬˶ݵ顣
ʱҹЩȻ߶Ҷ
ܿ죬㽫һԲ˶ԷʵͬʱҲ̽鵽żЩӦǱѺڴмһľ
õЩϢҶûپĶӣصɽϡ
ҶŽʵҶֵܣΣ
ԷһλؾǿߡһλؾǿߺλؾǰǿߣǹżЩ˾ͱѺڴмһľҶ˵
ô˵ǵʵûǿˡŽ˵
ʵôץõżôǿأջɵ
пʹ˶ҩжʱұСĽǡŽ˵
ȻѾ֪ԷʵˣǸϽжɡȲ˵ǼҪһ㡣
ҶǷԵУղһ֣ڶɽɽ£һСʯԷ϶еؾǿڿ
ղŸﲻǱȥأָ
ҿûǱ£ҪڹȥҶ
첻
ҶֵܣʲôԲ𣿡Žʵ
ȹ۲һӰɣ˵춴˻˽һ緽һһСģжҵøȥơҶ˵
ҲֻˣǽҾȺúϢɣ㾫սŽ˵
Ҳ飬ѰҵطϢ
һλ״ɽ꣬ĳ֮⣬ͱڡ
ҹɽһƬûгҲûз
ʱĸΧһƬյϣһˡ
˷ֱ֮Żƴؿ񱼣֮ǶĻѣ˳Ľĵ˦
ǰԼ˻ص㣬ȴ˵Ӱ⵽˵˵
˺òɱһѪ·ӵɽ
ɫȻĵصеȻ˵Ѿ˸ץˣͷжΪľǰȫ룬Ͻȴʵ䷴
ãһӿʵǸô죿ӽˣӵΪ
һҪ취ȳǡᶨ˵ӵΪ֮ߵġ
Ǹ֪ںδӽǵ
ҲֻܴЩһеõˡ˵ͬӵΪ
ھͳȥƴˡȲ˵
ɫôڣʺϽսǵжɡ˵
ָ˵ǣǻǺúϢһϣٳȥ˵
˶ͷͬţ˶û˵ϢϢ
һɫɷ
ʱ࣬չжһɽȿڳȥ
ǳˣžĹȿһĽ
µͬʱ˷˳ȥ
ΪߣǰڣڣһڣۺʵҪѷһҲΪˣǲҪ֧Ԯ
˫ս֮ǰԷӶٵСĵ㣬ڡ
˵ʵԭͼˣִúܱأһǺܿ·硣
սûãǰʿѱնɱʣµļû֧Ŷñ̰
˺ػλʿʿֻһļһһСۣһģһʼʹηηβȻǸ̰ˡ
ͬ鶼⣬иϽؿͷģ󣬴СҲҲ¶ѡ
˵ǵʲôˣýסеĺʵ
л£شҵˡ
ң׷ɱкĿģʵ
Ϊҵ͡лش
Ȼйءӷ߷˵
ǲѾץˣּʵ
ǣǣͷӦ
ʵΣмλؾǿߣʵ
УУλнͰ͵ػش
Ҫ˿ûôסǵ
Ҳ֪ԷӪء˵űк·ȥҡ
ǣǣû˿Ͻӵǰͷ·˽
ǸոշһСɽʱ򣬺ǰһȺ˳߼
ȺȻֻˣΪϣΪǵؾǿߡ
һЩˣýסеĲʵЩҵˣ
ǣеͷش
ֺԥػӽĨеĲӣȻȵܣ
û˿ɣͷɽӴܣǿûؾǿ߽
ȻҪӵؾǿҲô׵ġ
˸ոճСɽ£λؾ׷ǰסǵȥ·
νķˣԹ־ܰɡؾЦ
ȴȻѴӺǰΧ
ƴˣɱһ׬һִȵ
ǣ˶ܲȥǵȻɵȥؾǿƴ
ڡؾҲͬѵ


322 Ϣ
ȻԷҪڣҲòŹ˼ˣԷͬһ˷𹥻˵Ĺȫ֮һܹһ˺ܿͱ˺С
׼һĿ귢֮ʣؾ̲ס֡
Եؾǿߣȫûлֵأû֧Ƭ̣ͱſڵء
ǸҴߣؾȻֺ
Ȼ䣬ȴͬʱ̱ڵء
˵ĵ£һӰҰ֮УҶ졣
Ϊıλؾ߲ҶûҸ̫ڲŸϵֳ
ŵ˺۵ǣҶŭŷһĻ˵Ϥ꿴һ£׵ΪҪЩ쵰ʬΡ
㣬ʲôˣؾһضҶ죬ԷԼƤϢػɱˣҲ˵Էͨˣټ϶ԷΪȫЩ
ɱˣҶȻشȼŭ𣬷һ㣬һ߿
ҶСѣ˵Ҷɾǿ˾ǡ
ӶԼĳƺҶзһ˿˵ıˣΪԼʧ䣬һԲˣҲܵ㱯
λô˵Ҳ˴뱲ˣȻᱻһСס
ǴԲѣϷҪ㵽ж͡Աϣ߳һҶ˳ȥ
ҶͣסŲ漴ӰζЩӰٶѿ쵽Բ׽ĵز˶ֻܿһƬӰ
ɾˣֻһϳЩ⣬ȭ۾ɵùԲǿʲô˼һ㣬ʵҲˣǰһĻǶô˼顣
ôһ˵ҲϳЩϤʽǶĿɿڴؿǰˡ
߳ǰ֮ʱʽȭǰʮѾʩչϣӰع鱾壬ҶһĿ⣬ƻֺһȭѾǰ߻ȥ
ᣡ
ߵӦɢҲõɳȥ;֮һƬѪ
أ
ߵأѪͣĴӿ۾ɵùԲؿǰˡ
סǰȭ֮µġҶȻ˵ԱϣнһߵԴ벱ӣ๾ɽ
ҶⷬӵҲȷ϶ԷʩչȷʵȭֻǲΪλȭʩչȭƺЩ졣
ǾɵĿ£Ҷ컺ߵǸǰ˺۵ӣҶһʹ
壬ǵǰÿεʱ򶼻ңһξȻǰҴȥˣںӱ߿ϰ졣֣ǳЦ˵
ֽĿתˣ壬ǵ꣬ҳ̣Ұֿݺѵһ١
Ȼֿ壬ǵһȥҲСĹ˱˵ĳһƣһ֮°Ǹ˵ָˡ
ӿȥ壬ǵǰÿ±ҰִʱҶȥҲҡ
ƣͬ
Ҷص˵ͷ
ƣƣѹֵһμʱ򣬾;Щ죬һĺ糤ô񡣡ݺᡣ
̫ˣƣ̫ˣ֪һǳĵģǺһֱ㻹šҲϲ
첻ң㿪ˡźȪӿ
ץҶ֣Ѿ˵
ɽϿ޳һţǿģǼΪž۶ϲá
֮󣬴Ҳȶ
Ӳ˲ˮʵƣϴΪβأ
ʵǸʱΪʧ䣬ûϳǡҶź˵
ʧ䣿ʲôأƣ㵽ǳлģɻʵ
ҹһȺϮңǱһһŽʴĶҩҾһֱʦ⣬ֱǰŻعҶ콫ʼĩ򵥵ؽһ顣
ҶĽּ˵δ
ǰҲһžΪұѪ𡣡Ҷ˵
ˣǺץȥңǵøϽȥǡͻȻ£㽹˵
Ҷ̾˿ҡͷӦѾѺ͵ȥˡ
ʲô۾
⣬ǺأҲǼýüͷ
ȲҪ̫żҺķʮʱ䣬㴦Ļǵ׽ǣӦòἱŴǡ侲˵
˵û»ôӳ飬Ҳ̫ˣһ취ǵġҶᶨ˵
˷׷׵ͷ
ţҶֹеʵǵ˶û°ɣ
û£Ƥ˶ѣЩҵҪ׽ǣû֡Ӱڰ˵
Ҷȡ񵤣һ˷һţ񵤿ǻָ񡣡
˽ӹ񵤺׷׷¡
ƣôأֺʵ
˵ǻǵϴִϣҽֵǸżɣҶʵ
ǵãСӺǽйŽɰɣʹĲͦġͷ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵һֱڰ£һЩСǰǽĿ˹żңżҾܾ˳ǣǾָʹҵһЩСñֶƷҵѺҡǰżȥҾ˵ģûǱ̽ʱ˹ǵϢҾβǸ˹
ԭˡֵͷ׹
ǽôأҶʵҶΪߣȻҶˡ
żҵ˻ǱߵңǻȹȥǾ˰ɡҶ˵
Ǻã·ɡִӦ
嶼޴󰭣Ҷҷȥ
·ϣɻʵƣղʩչȭôôأ
ǰЩʽôɻӰˣһǰʽֱʩչ˵ʽҲһľ棬˺ȻҲ⡣
ʵĹйϵΪ׹Ƚ⣬Ҳû취ڸǣǰʽֱʩչʽǿԽǡҶ򵥵ؽ͵
Ͻ˵˵һڴ˵
һֽžŹһķҲΪʮʽʱҽʮʽķڸǣҲͿʡǰ漸ʽĳжˣԽʡʱ䣬ܽǰ漸ʽڻһͷųҶ˵
ȻĳзʽƣĳɾͶѾԽȱˡ̾
ǺǣʵҲû˵ôҲʦָɵģƾһҶǫ׻κ֪Ҳֻˡ
죬ԺһҪʦʶҿɵúúøм˵
ţշԺлġҶӦ


323 
ţʵ죬ϴִϣϼһｻսΪӦеؾ˰ɣ
ҶͷƤЦʵѾǵؾԲˡ
˾°ͶѾˣ˼ؿҶ죬Ｔ𾪣м˷ܣҶ˳ɾͣҲҸ˵ϣ
㾪Ҷæ͵ʵҲǵõ˼λǰ˵İĳɾ͡
ҲνĻԵɣˡϲ
ǰƣĿǰĳɾҸѾָտɴˡ˷ܵ
ţһңһһָյĻԻ͡Ҷ˵
һ˱߱ģʮûȻ˵Ļ⡣
ûã˾ͻص˹żҲɽ¡
ҶһȺ˻ŽӭǰȥɻʵҶֵܣЩǣ
Ҷ˼򵥵Ľܡ
к󣬹Ž˵£ҶֵܣϣϵʱֳһλؾǿߡλؾǿߺһλؾǰǿߡҲ˵ȥϴ뿪λؾǰǿ⣬ɽﹲλؾǿߡλؾǿߺλؾǰǿߡ
ӴǸȻǶԴ˴ӪȲκϣˡ
Ҷ룬˵֮ǰ뿪ɽȵ˶ѾɱˣɽʿӦú߲࣬Ҫǿλؾǿ߸ζԸ
ֻλؾǿߣû˿ʤ㡣һɥ˵
㲻ǻ˵ҪֱɱȥôˣҶЦ
ҶСѣ˵ҲûǵʵӲӲĻüʯͷ˵
᷽ŶԸһλؾǿߣֵܺϵ취ǣסһλؾǿߣλؾǿһᾡġҶһɵ˵
ҿû˯ѰɣЦҶҲֻǵؾΪǶԸһλؾڶֶѾˣ˵λؾǿߺλؾǰǿˡ
ҪµĻԸ߰ɣûһܰ˾ȳҶ첻м
񾭲áһ䣬Է˵ʦǿɲܸ񾭲ȥ
ȻҲҶЩ߰ͷˣ˵ҶСѣƻȷʵЩǷףԷλؾǿ߿ɲսһһģʱӦùأ
ûҶ쿪ڽͣŽ˵ҾҶֵܴ˼ƿһԡ
ɣòҲСһ˰ɣԾ
ɣҲ֪УǰľҲóȻжĻǺΣյġȰ˵
ŽɸЦ͵壬磬֪ʵҶֵܵΪѾﵽ˵ؾԲ
ؾԲྪһ𾪺ɵҶ쿴ȥ˵ıҲࡣ
⣬ôܡ촽ڲһֱԼǸżڰгɳ¸԰⡭
Ǵʱ˿̣ԼٱʱܵصĴһʤһͿء
ûܣûܡҶ쵭Ȼ˵
һֻǰԱ˵ģȴԼϡ
˿ĭ˵ȻҶСӵеؾԲΪǴ˼ƻһԣֻԽɵΪҪǣסؾǿûôס
Թֵ׹ĲҪסԷһʱҲ£ȻϵЭУϵ㲻۵Ļǵļƻ͵ĶˡҶ˵
࣬ӪȹżͬҪ⻹׵ԺȥɡպԼͽǸʤļǿˣڵ֪ҶΪض˲СĴ
ǣʦഹͷɥ˵
⸱ӣҿ㻹ǸСʦȥԸЩʿˡҶƳһֵۣǵļƻǸһİɣһսһȻɱλؾǰǿߣȻ󣬷ź͹ֵ˾ǣסλؾǿߣһᾡλؾǿߵġ
Ҷⷬ˶һգǿӵеؾԲΪҪڶʱڻɱλؾǿƺҲ̫ܡҸտսʱ򣬾͵ϮɹɱһؾǰǿߣҪŻɱһ˿ɾûôˡ
ʱ࿪˵ǰյһʵаɡɲɵӣΪһؾǿߣҪȥԸһЩʿǸ档
Ȼô˵ˣҶҲû˵ʲôϾһҪ΢һЩ
ǾյһɣҪû⣬ھжɡŽ˵
ǣһ˱ƺƵɽ³ȥ
˲ųɽͱʿһﳨɤŴ󺰵е˴ˣе˴ˡû㱻ҶԴ
ɽȶʱ˳ʱؾǿ߷ɿظ˹
˫ףŶǲûмſս
һλݹ᾵İ׷ͷ򷽺տһۣЦⲻǻɽɵķ𣿽ôһȺͣô֪ͨһأҲΪ׼ùײġͷҼңһλؾǿ֮һʵҲͿһ˳ų档
ˣĳȷʵЩͻûܼʱ֪ͨǣΪԼ׼ײĵʱ䶼ûˡЦ
ǴԲѣʵҲҴʴʣֱʱ˵һλؾǿֻеؾǰΪ
ϵܣҲ̫޳ˣмＸһ㱾µĻҵ߳һɽɵԮھͺٻձĵ
ߣɲִᣬ˭㵥ȻǧңҲͱˣҺúסϼհɣÿԸżЩ顣Ц
֮ʣһһââĿԵ
ӦǺܿ죬ڽâϮɲһδסâĹ
ֻᡱһ죬Ӧ飬â̻ĺ
ڶ̶һڽ˷ӦɲǣѾͨһԵڵأѪӿ
һ˫˫ĿۼҶϣʵһʼҵ˾Ѿע⵽ΪˣֻΪԷ̫ᣬǶǶû̫⣬ϣһʱĴ⾹Ȼһλؾǿߡ
Щ֮⣬ΪԾĻǷ棬ΪҶذϤˣԿ϶ǰǵһͬũؾǸӡ
ȥɣͻѾŭ˼㣬ӣһμ˵һƽ١
ҿǹҶȡӭϣɷĳĸаɡ
ҳֵͬʱؾǿҲչжҶ߳


324 ƶ
Է˶һìͷָҶ죬ŽѸӰԷһλؾǿȥҲͬһʱ֣Ҽлסؾǿߡδ谭Ҷ췢ƣǿΪ˲ΣյĴڡ
ӭˣҶ̩ȻسһذٴγεĿȻһؾǰǿߣһĿĴ󺺣￸һӣһµȱ
ԷԼ֣ͷһæдӵǰ
ǣµȱ˫رϣ󺺵Сûܱסâɨ֮ʣд󴸱ϣԴֱ롣
һĻؾǿ߶ɫ䣬һĵؾǿߣҲԽһеȱӳ
ѵһӵеؾԲΪЩƣǳֿ֮⣬Ҳûˡ
Ź龪ţĹȴû˿ͣ͡
ҶɱǴ󺺣ջذ֮ʱ˵Ĺ̻ϡ
أ
ҵĹҶȻûб
һ̣Ҳͳ׿϶˶ԷһؾԲǿߡ
ʶһ˶⣬һλؾԲǿߣǸû˿ա
ؾǿȻҲߵ˶鲻
ӦҶذٴη𹥻žͽһϮȥ
ԷҲ֮ǰĴһµȱ񵲡
ᡱеıҲͬΪҪǴ󺺸һȽףǿסһС
ǣһһöӭϮ֮ͫмٷŴۡһ̽Դ
ʣؾǿ߶ңڲȻѾûҶ
ǣҶ첢ûзŹǵ˼һһɱ㽫˻С
һӵʱ䣬ؾǿѱҶɻУ˵ǶԷؾǿߣ֪ҶΪķյ˶Ǿﲻѡ
ʵũؾѪͷλؾԲǿ߽սʱҶѾᵽ˵ؾԲǿʵ
ȻҶǱѾϣҲûս׷гˡ
ѵӵеؾԲΪŵЩʬ壬Ҳʵ
ҶһЦ֪̫ˣѾûʱ׼ײˡ˵ţֶԷ˷Ըţȥˣֵܺϵȥ˰ɡ
ҶСѣ˾ͽˡ˵űȥ
ŽҲɵӰɱЩʿ
䲻ģȴҲ޿κΣʶҶղŵֶΣﻹʲôƢ
Ҷ첢ûмŶ֣ʵڵ׼˶
ߣǿлκϢ̵˵
ˣ·ɡҶҲͽѴ࣬ԱϣӰζȭȻʩչ
ƣҺͳѸٳҶȥǿûսµؾԲǿߵĹԣ˵ΨһʤڶԷ֮ǰ͵
ȻվһʽȭʮĸƬ֮ɣҶȭͷһӰ㳯ųǰͷĳϮȥ
ӰףæӵӰȥǵϲŰ׵ӣӰϺ󣬾Ͷʯ뺣һ㣬û˿
İȭʽڻǰʽѼʽȻһ㹥ֵܵġ
ûȳ߷ӦӰѻȭײϡ
ᣡһ֮󣬺ȻӰྡྷϮϡ
һ˼վȽŸһâֵͷ£æҵؾĴ󵶵ֵ
ϣ
еȱյס˽𽣵ĹƣǳߵĶͷϻһѪΪķ˰ģ𽣵ĽδԴϵȴǡ
ҶնɱߵͬʱҵĳǹҲɿȻϡ
Ϊ¼ӳ֣ɵҵĹơ
ߵأ֪УкȾɽȷӴܡ
Ҷû׷ȥ׼˵ָס
ûܵɽȿڣҶĵָѾʩչ£âƿն
䣡
ҵ飬ӿڣһ㤣̱ڵأȥ
ٿŽǱߣƺչûãմŹżһ˹
Щżɫ԰ףһӣȻжˡ
ǰҪлӣҶϽ˵л֮ĻˣǸͷûͽǹżҴˡ˵ȡһƿⶾŽⶾǷ°ɣһҪһˡ
¸׺öҶȻþȥ취Ӫǡ
ԷȷʵмµӣżҲûж峤һм˵ҶСѣҹżҾȶ󣬱ؽŵл
ˣǾͺˡҶڵ
ڡ
˵ţҶ˳ɽȥ
뿪ҺҶ˾ֱ˽꣬ʱǰ˴ؾƵꡣ
˰ٺ֮ҶȡֻҶ绰ŷֻѾûˡ
ѹôҶ˵ţֻؿڴȻͿ˱
ȥһ̹ǡ
ƾɵ͸϶ӿر
ªľϣı£˪˪һţΪ䣬û취˯ֻһһ鲻ϵ
Ȼ˵֮Դ˯ߣǶΪʿ˵Ҫĺú˯һԲ侫񡣿һΪ̫䣬δ˯һȾ
Գ¼˵ȫǸп޵ĴڣҲҲ˷֡
˪˪ε뿪ңʲôҲᣬʲôҲ뿪ֻ·һһֱţֻҪﵽ˵ؾΪӾͿԵͷˣʱ򣬲ǼӶţǼһЩĻӣ֮ҪڷǾûġ
񣬾Ψһһ·ƺ߲ͨˣΪһп鷢ԼϣԼȻصĸ׵ĸޣԼȻˡ
Ƕôµʵ𵱳ũؾ﷢ǳ磬˾Ǿ
һֱԹĸװ£ܾĥڣĸ׵⣬ҲٴĴۣڵ
ˮʪ͸˱죬Ϊĺӿӽһ˭֪
֪һֹȥˣ˪˪Щƣľ㱹
ʱ֣컹ûȥ׼ˡ
һ飬ůһЩϴ
Ȼ´ֶĵĸоϮͷӸŻ˼ȴʲôҲû³ƺûʲô
ϴϺ뿪ӣ˫ֽŶӣźȥ¶ĺƵġ
µһˡ


325 
ڶһ磬Ҷ˴ؾƵꡣ
ϣҶʵƣʲôƻ𣿡
Ҵȥ¡Ҷش
ҪǸһȥأʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ʱǻҲҪ¶ΪãҴȥһȫĵطǿ
ʵ˵ʶֻЩӣҲûʱ侲ΪҲг
ǺðɡֵͷӦȻҲûʲô
Թ緹Ҷǰҿ
һ·ϣҶ˽Լң˵顣
ΪϴεũؾӦҲ˰ɣʵ
ţϴǰũؾջСɼҩҶѾƳɵˣЩҩ㹻ԲͨҲ׼ˣֻǡҶ˵
ʮ꣬ǿ԰ˡп
ǰΨһԸϣƽ¡ǵ˵
壬Ǿͷĺˣһ취ȳҰǵġҶᶨ˵
ƣûȲҪ¶Һ˵ݣȻĻҿ϶Źġ˵ǵѵ
ǺǣˣѾҺ֮ˣֻڲ֪һţҪȻ鷳ˡҶ첻ΪȻЦ
ĻǧС°ǿ࣬ɲöԸӶ
ţҶͷӦʵǶҵʵж˽أ
һֱǶڶҵ׷ɱԶҵʵȽ˽⡣峤򳤷磬ӵ쾳ǰΪʵǿ˲ǵ죬쾳ǿߡĿǰҲλ쾳ǿߣ֮⣬ʵǿľҪˣӵеؾԲΪǰһӶڱչͻƣ˵ûͻƳɹԣĿǰǵؾԲΪǶأҲϴִ㽻սǸͷӣҲ֪ǸؾǿߡЩ֮⣬λؾǿߣλؾǰǿߡϸؽ
ѵĿǰֻһλؾԲǿߣҶʵ
ȷʵˡֵͷ϶
ô˵ϴũؾǸͷˡҶ϶
ƣ𣿡ʵ
ҶͷѾɱˡ
һԾ
⸱飬Ҷæ͵ʵϴܽɱҲǵһλǰʵˣϴ׻Լǵ
˵ǸĺϢ˷ܵ˵
ǰƣȺɱλϣѺ޲ҪʬˡЦ
ǺǣȷʵˣҪ֪һţ򳤷鷳ˡҶЦЦֵˣһϢǻǵϴִϱҴܵǸ𣿡
룬˵һܵļһɣ
ûһҲؾȻɱģۿȥġҶ˵
Ǵİֻ
˵Ǵũؾҿʧذ˽˵
̸Ц֮䣬һѾִĿĵء
ҶֱӴ˽˵¿ҡ
ǰƬɾľʱ˶Ŀɿڴ
⣬ֱ˼ð˼
ǰ˳ԣʵʥءҲǾϲ
ߵ龧ǽǰɵʵƣĪЩʯ
ЩǱʯһε龧൱ûʵĴʯ̺ŨҲҪԶʤʯҶ򵥵ؽ͵
ƣôطأӺʵ
ʵһλǰ͸ҵġҶشֵҸҽɡ˵űͨǰȥ
ָҲѾˣҶǶ˳ǽˡ
һĺҶְ˴ͨȫȻȭʮķڸǡ
Щ֮Ҷ뿪˿ҡ
Ȼǳǰˡ
ϵµʱǰʱ֣ھյĴ£Ҷ˿ռŷɡ
ӷҶʩþòռŷЦǺǵشк
зɵĸһаҶ׵
ҶʩղԶǧعһʲôҪ°ɣռŷɿżɽʵ
ȷʵˣмҪ뷽ɰæҶ˵
Ҷʩжֱ֣˵ǡռŵ
Ҳ֪Ҵˡ
Ҷʩϴκἰ¡ռŵͷ
ʵϴǳƽУҲֹһӹѡҶʵ
ӷǿϲɺءռŵ
һֱ취Ѱʧɢļˣǰãҵ֪ҲּУ뷽ɰæԲߡҶ
ռŷüͷ𣬡˵ĻɾͲðˡ
Ҷ˵ǰָʹһЩСñֶνٳ˹żҵˣֻұʲôı
ռŵͷǱĴҲģ˵ôֻΪ˳ԽĴɳΪְεĶδҲ̫ˡ
ҾұӦûиĿɽҵ˵ϴҵһɱ֯׷ɱҴߵȴңôҲǸɱ֯ƺ󡣻Уϴũؾ﷢£֪ǷţҶʵ
̤Щɱ¾֮أԲ֪ؾ﷢¡ռŷ˵
ϴؾһ֪֯ĿԵİѹʿӡа˳ҵʱҴ¡Ҷ֮
ӷ𣬿ֽˡռǡ
£ĵĻҵļˣ˴УǺȫˡҶĵ
ռ룬˵ǰҷ˵峤򳤷ٳǰ٣ҶʩԽ˻ǰȥӪȼˡ
٣򳤷ʱ٣ܾЩΡҶü˼
ȷʵЩɣȻԷҵԵϯռŵ
ǾʱǺأҶʵ
³ʮҲ֮󡣡ռŻش
ô˵Ѿûʱȥ׼ˡҶźϾʹǱذףֻϧûдǿŶݵ顣
бȻأҶʩ˼аռѵ
ѵãҲðһԡҶ
ȻҶʩִˣҲͲٹȰˣڱסһ˵նü䵱»ͺϸɡռŵ
ǾͷˡҶм
ӷ𡣡
סһڶһ磬üһиϵҶռŷһͬӭȺá
СһҶ㵽˾󣬾СŮŻһ㡣


326 ִ
Ϳռڽ̸ҶȥǴкãԽԽƯˡ
˵ü
Ҳûк˵ŵĻʾֵܡҶ˵
ӷ𡣡պһա
˰ɣһ㿴ŮẰӷġҶЦ
ϼøжǲͣĨź
Ϲ˵ҾͲˡǰ
ҲϹ˵𣿡Ҷʵ
ţǵ˵ͷȻʵôأѵҪҵ𣿡
ΪҹҹãκΣòԸסԣҲֻʹȣ䷢ΪɮˣҲͿԸóˡҶһƸеģ˵
Ϲ˵ˣͷͷءӺߺߵ
ҶͷȻ󾪲İ㲻ңһΪԼѾǺء
һЦ˻컬࣬ѹʦ˵ԺҪ˵ҪȻᱻƭġ
Ҷ캹յؿ˿ǾõıӰһ˵ã¶
ʲôأɻ
ǲһλжҦأҶʵҦ˵Ҫȥ䷢ΪᣬһֱûϢˣҲ֪Ρ
öǽзŵء˵
ҶĨ˰ѺǼǰǲһλãһúƯġ
˵ʦ𣿡ʵ
ӦǵİɡҶҲǺȷ˵Ȼʵڻðɣ
Ҳʦأʦ˵ʺܺãѾΪˡ˵
ǾͺáҶ˵ͷ
ʶʦ𣿡ʵ
˵ʦþλѵĻǾʶˡҶ˵̲̾Ϣ
üûã䵱Ҳ̵˾ڴ֮ڡ
ռŷɵĲ֮˶ΪҶƽ
ҶСѣϴִжߣлֹĪ䵱䲻ŰȥԸңȴĳЩΪṩһЩαװ䵱ɵӣҵһͬǰҡ䵱켫ʮֺˬ˵
лҶϵظм켫ˣҶ쵹Ҳеִͣϣо綾ðƴߣ־ͦɹġ
ҶСѣĴһվߵģ㲻֣ܰҲΪźβ˵
лλţҶĳܳɹȳˣضԵλлҶм
ҶʩˣҵΪɣԵ塣ռŷɵ
ʱ䲻ˣǸϽ׼ɡʦ̫ѵ
ǣ켫һĺҶĵӣɷҶ촩ϡȻ·ǲģҶ첻һЩٺװһ
׼Ϻһ˱ǰҡ
һ·糾ֱڶʱ֣˲ŵִҡ
·ϻ˲ǰٵĴСɣһ£ĴȻЩСĿǰЩСѹ˳ңΪҵĿܡ
峤򳤷ͼλؾǿſӭӱͣһĴ֮ԶԶ򳤷һӭ
ĴԶɸ԰򳤷׵ػӭ
Ǻǣף峤綫ٱɽռףصҲ׷Ϻش
Ϊ򳤷ӵ쾳ǰΪʶԼΪԣҶʮֵ͵ػȺ֮УܿԷߡ
һ֮򳤷Ըأ˽
ڱƼַǷҶɢһɨвٵؾǿߣЩ֮кܴһѹ˳ңӴĴ࿹ˡ
󸮴˴νʢǰ·Ͽռŷ˵
峤˼ҰٳԵ¡ءЦ
󸮺پЩССɶˣòûпһִɣβЦʵ
˵Цˣɸ֮λҪȻϴִҲͲȨˡ˵
󸮿֮λѲ뵱ְ켫ֱڿʵ
ɫһնʱЩΡ
ƣռŷԲǿ֣ƶ£νһ
ظЦ˵ʦ˵ЦˣɸεºܳƵϰԵ书֣²ԭ
ӷ𣬳ĴԿգгư֮˽ռ˵
̸Ц֮䣬ѴһӴĸ¥ǰ
ⴱ¥һֽеʽĹŽṹݶб£һбĸ涼棬ֳİܵݽ΢΢ӶǴչᣬʳơǡ
ǹŴ߼ݶʽһڻʹҪĴҸԺȴĴɼ
ͬⴱ¥ЪϢɣΪ࣬ޣԻཫżһǸ˵
ϿˣҵΪϯض˯Ҳ޷ռŵ
غǺһЦĳȥæˣ֮ʱ˹֪ͨλ
㡣ռ˸Ƶ
ȥ߽˸¥
ⴱ¥㣬ʮ䣬ÿɲֵĸڵֻ˲һ䣬ҶλȻǶһΪ˷жҶѡһ¥Ǽŵķ䡣
صҶɢΧ̽һ򸮽Ľ䱸ɭϣν岽һڣʮһڣΪ˷ֹԼĵ˳롣
Ҫûô׵ˡҶջؾ̾ϢµԾûκοеӪȷҲֻ˳Ȼˡ
ڷϢ˲ãһӶ˹֪ͨǰȥμ硣
ǣ˱Ӷ˵Ĵ᳡
һƬĹ㳡㳡ϰΣʱвٱԵ쳣֡
λűȥڵλ
Ҷ䵱ӣصһϣֺͶüһͬڸһ
ǰǴүǣҶģͰŵֺͶüǰǺ;պ֮伷һλ
ֵܣҲǳˣҶľռ˵
ӷ𣬳֮˼ʳ⣬Ҷʩñǡպ˫ֺʮ˵
Ե⴩ֵֺαؾнЩء˵ҰͣȵƣԵ⣬ǿˡҶȰ˵
Сɮû˾磬Իɡ˵
ðɣðɣͺȰ׿ˮԴײ˺ˡҶڰֵǿȥЦʵôҪҪأ
ңҲŲȾƣҲǳˡ˵
˵ʦͱǣ͵͵ȾƳءҶ
˵ʦŲȾƳ⡣
ǴᶼҳԵˡҶʼ


327 
ҶʩһǲϾģҪȾƳĻԼȥɡһλ˵
ЩøôŰԼأζĶǾȻܾܣǰ׻һˡҶҡͷ̾Ϣ
ںкǶ
ţСʵҶʩжƻ
ҶҡҡͷҲˣ򸮵Ľ䱸ֱǰĻʹɭϣ˵ôˣһֻҲ겻ȥ
ȷʵˣʩɵСĽǡѵ
Ҷ˵ͷҲֻܼˡ
Ƭ̱Ӷ˶˲ˣͺ˵һһϵĶЩزˣһ
Ҷһɫ͵Цҿ㻹ȥˡ
Ҷͷ˿Щ⣬˿ĭҧ˵Ϊ⣬¾óһصġ
˭ҪˡǺߺߵ
ҶЩóһزͣΪȾƲ⣬ǺܿͳԱȥˣϻڴԴȣеĻȭ֡
Ҷ첢ûȥص䵱ϣЩǺ˾ơ
Ҷֵܣִϵıνһ˰ֵҾһ䵱Ҷ˾Ʊ
Ҷ쵹ҲϵãִϣҲǿǿϱŽɸˡ
ֵܵ䵱ƴó뻯ֻϧǿûֵܽһҶ׵˵ţ˵ҲƱһɶ
ţ༸ҲҶ쾴ƣҶ߲ܣһʮ౭
ڴȵ𾢵ʱҶ俴һϤӰ档һû࣬ҲԵЩ㲣ߵһû˵ǰĬĬ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣˹ȥ
ԴǴũؾ֮Ӿûôùˡ
ʵǰũؾδõ˵ͬ⣬Ҳ˵˽͵͵ȥġ
һѣҲѴˡ
һֱܶΪصϣҲ֪ķ˶ٵҩ;ԣ˵νʧأҲΪЩεĳеߡ
ܻڵʱλű磬ҹǧСһûɽҲܵҵżϾ׸ҵģԭҪһΣټҽܵﵽͷϣʹӹı
ǰݺ͵λûˣ죬һµļдСƢĥˣʱ·õͷܵЦ
û˵ĿϺٳ
ûԼڣһڶҶ졣
Ȼ֪ҶҲһΪܵ㲡
ô˸𣿡ºҶЦʵ
̧ͷ͵͵Ҷ쿴һۣȻֵͷţ
Է˵Ҷּ˵յԵĴС㣬ôǱأ
ĿͣͣţҶ㿴ˮϡ
⸱ӣҶЩͬ飬ô˵ýⲽأԼҲһЩΡ
˵ǸܵıˣҶʵ
ĬĬû˵һһķ
ܸͽڰ˳ɣûҪԼ㲡ҶȰοȻΪԷΪѹԲŻ㲡
һԲŷ
ʱԱߵһۡ
ⲻλĴСôôǱأ
ѵû˵Ǹܵ𣿡
ܵ¸ʲôϵأ
ԭҲ̫֮ǰô磬λű磬ڱûˣҲһλûˡ
ѹֻôǣѾͷõͦģϧ
ȻôͬɴȢؼҵŵˡ
ˣƢҿܲˡ
żһЦ
Щ£ҶҲԵɣ˵⵹ʧΪһȻҲܴû׼ܴ׳һЩϢ
Ҷߵ¡
ԾŵԱŲŲ
˵ĶˣȻĻ㻹ʲôأҶʵ
㣬߿ҲҪܡ˵ԵΪԷǳɫġ
ҿԴ뿪Ƿ֮أȰһæҶֵѾͷҲҵˣжܹԼæ
ҲҲ㡣˵ּ𷹣ǰˣŻܸıˣΪܸı˵˶Ѿˡ
ҵģΪֻܰ㡣Ҷ϶˵
һ㶣͵͵Ҷ쿴һۡ
㵽˭ɵʵ
ҲˣǵõִĻ᳡ϣͬ§§òνɷˡҶаЦ⡣
͵һɴ۾ǰϸƬ̺ҡͷܣѾˣܻš
Ҷüͷһ˵ûôء
ǰˣ쳣ĸӣ꣬Ǹ֮ǵˣ˿̾Ȼֳǰȥޡ
æҶɫ˵ʵ˵һĲԼЩҵ˵ѺŮϡ
ʲô£㶵ʵ
ǰһӣץ˼ҵǰɣҶѹʵ
˵ͷشû⼸յķ˶͵ġ
Ҷ۾һԭֻдһЩϢⷬͻȻ뵽һƻ
ҪǳȥҶʵ˵
ûңǾͻᱻ峤̡浭Ȼ˵
̣첻򳤷ٳ𣿡ҶЩ죬˵һǾ˵ӪжڽչҪȻûлˡ
֪ҲôˣȰ㻹ǷͷɡȻ
УһҪǡҶ쳣ᶨ
Ұﲻ㡣浭Ȼ
ԵģֻҪ˵ȥͿˡҶ˵
㶣ʵΪʲôҪ㡣
ΪԴ뿪Ҷش
ͷû˵
Ҷ䵱һ˻صᡣ
ҶǻţʱʱĻɢ̽ܵ˽ǺͲ
»ֻһΣʧܵĻ¾ֻǿоһ취ˣӵλ쾳ǿǿо˵ĳɹʼΪ㡣
һСʱȥɫѾȫ˵ƣʱʱػѲߵĸ߹
ôˣôûҶԽԽĶ


328 
ڣ֪ڼνɢʱӰڳˣæŴ򿪣ûãҴҴ˽
õ𣿡ҶСʵ
˵ͷ
Ҷһɨû˱˷䣬š
ӻȡһݸҶ죬ҪĶ档
Ҷӹǰֽ⿪
ҪЩҩʲôأʵ
Ҷ򵥵ػش
Щ棬ܿ㿴Ҷȡһֻ¯
֮𣿡ʵ
ţһλǰѧһ㡣Ҷڻش˵ѿʼ¯
Ҫʲôҩأʵ
թҶشթͽⶾһͨҩֻҪһЩͨҩıƣǰթҩġ
ǵֵҩȫûãҶҲûơ
ѵЩ˷թװʵ
ûҲĿǰΨһİ취ˡҶ˵
еͨ𣿡ǵ˵
һô֪Ҷ
û˵ҶƵҩ
ûã߿թɡ
Ҷ콫ҩ棬Ը͵ʱ򣬰ЩҩǷ¡
ӹҩԲص˵ͷ
ֻҪȳЩˣһ뿪ġҶ츧ο
ʲôҲû˵ͷת뿪˷䡣
ȥıӰҶεĸо˵ԼڵʱǷҪ뿪ң⻹Ǹδ֪Ҷ˵ҪĻǾȳˣһС
峿Ҷ𴲡
ŴˣܲܳɹӪȼˣͿˡ
˵Ǹӣһ磬򳤷żг߼ſӭӱ͡
죬ӭһλĿˣһλŰµߡ
ִ´ˣܹٱɸɸҡܶԷֻһλؾԲǿߣ򳤷绹ʮֹǰӭ
ţ鶼׼׵𣿡߰Ȼʵ
һж׼׵ִ´ˣ롣򳤷˸ƣžͽӭӱ͵񽻸ء
Ѿ˲ٵŸڵ־󣬰ߵȻ˵
ȷʵˣѾĴɿˡ򳤷˵
ߵ˵ͷţʱͰռƻ°ɣֻҪ˳ĽĴɵסˣԻᴦ
ǣ򳤷繧شӦ
ϴʧһλؾԲǿ֮£ϱʱ֯һġֵ
лִ´˹ġ򳤷м
ţһ·ģȥ
ʱѾʮ㣬˵ɹӦû֮һȻû֣Ҷв
һСʱȥ滹ûг֣Ӷȴǹ֪ͨ缴ʼ
װ󣬱ӶƬ㳡㳡죬һ־
㳡ǰһĸ̨ӦݽĿġ
ΣĴźڵӲδֿʹӣһ˿̨һϡ
ҶɢһɨӰҲǷƽ˾ӣʲôҲûƵġ
Ͷ֮򳤷һǿ˸̨򳤷Իλߡ
һλߣҶüͷյռŷɶԣС˵ɣ򳤷ǰ߾ǵũؾųаı
ռŷ߿˿˵˵˽ճڴ˵أ²Ϊ򳤷򵥡
˵䣬򳤷ߵ̨룬˵лλͬԶϷ٣Ὺʼ֮ǰɸΪλͬ׼һЩ˽Ŀϣλܹҡ
˵ţ򳤷硰žžžƣֵܿѺŵ˸̨
ЩˣҶӵʱɵùԲԼסãҼŮͺӡ
ʱǻַʽǱζǱжʧˣֻ˵Լ
ԼݺܿѾ¶ҶЩĻҡ
ҶСѣЩɶˣ켫ҶСʵ
Ҷ˵ͷɫЩףͷҲϸӵв֮ӵ칦Ҫֳ֮¾ȳԼˣûпܡ
ҶʩЩռŷǵ
Ҷ˿ĭ˼Ƭ̺˵λŲضǣд㡣
һϸ̨򳤷ֿڵҲĸλʶЩˣϷ˵֮Ǿͻ֪ˡ
̨˶ǽͷӶǶڲ²Щ˵ݣֻǽ³
Ƭ̺򳤷˵ظλ֪ͬʮǰңֱǣҺҡȻʮǰţұΪֵһҡǿ֪ΪλţǺΪģ
򳤷̨ⷬµԵüңҶҲȼŭ
û²һңǱ𡣡򳤷Ȼ˵
̨ȻһƬž϶д˲˼ɫΪҺҵʵ൱潻սĻҾңҲȻأﻹ׳
Ҷʩԣҵ尸ӦòΪɣռŷҶʵ
ҵʵҲԲȺҡ켫˵
ҽԼϣкĿأʦ̫üͷ˼
򳤷һ⡣
Ӧöܺ棬ΪҪң򳤷ʵ˵ԭܼ򵥣ΪΪС
˿ԴڳһЩδ˳ҵСβ˵
ӷ𡣡ռ̾Ϣ
ڳƺҲҵ⣬ֳһƬžЩδ˳ҵɵ϶ֳ˲ɫ
򳤷˵˵شҲӦòµЩ˵ݣûҲǵӹһٵҴߡ׷ʮ꣬Ǹˣҽ˻ᣬͬǰЩ̣ҶԸ˵ľĺͺġ
̨²˶ñЩѹ˳ҵɶ׷Լѡ
һпνɱӺʾЩ˳ǵļβ˵
ְ֮λˡ̾Ϣ
ôǲĴɷ켫Ȼ˵
Ҽ˲ٵѾĴɿˡռɫ˵
ҶСѣ˵ΣڵϦˣʲôԲߣ켫ԽǵҶʵ
ҲֻһһˡҶһλվ


329 ս
峤˵ΪУ֪ǺδΪأҶƽʵ
˵ĿⶼҶ۶ȥʱȻ˸ҳͷҳͶ·
Ҷϵ䵱ɷ˶С
Ĵڴˡ
ɲֵ÷зģĴȻжš
ֽĻ̻̣ˡ

򳤷Ҷ쿴ȥһУֱ׳˵ȻǾ֣ȻǵˣΪǿˣҲȻġ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵¿ûô򵥣ǾԼƵвҵȭԾͰʹʲôֶΣȥǿĶ֡
ߣںԣƶ£ȭ򳤷Ȼ˵
δҲ̫޳ˣӦвǰ֪ʮǰǽִϣһ֮ڰҵʱλѡֵͺΪ޼˵ҵȫвȭҶųЦ⡣
Ҷôһ˵̨µв˻ʮǰǳִʱҵĲѡֶӵеؾǰΪԭ˶ⳡڴȻʼżӣѡʩչȭһһڻѡ֣ʱû˿ͷ
˽ֶ˵£򳤷ЩҲסһߣŬӣһս˵ʲôҲǳսѡ״̬ѣֻѡ񰵵ʹʲôҲ˵׼
Ȼϣǲͳͬڳ˫ٽһΣɸλͬоҵȭҶ˵
˼ǣ˺̨ϵ˽򳤷ʵ
ҽҶȻ˵
ɲ֮䣬ĿٴξۼҶϣر̨ϵһˣΪҶⷬ˵ˡ
ѵҲˣ
ˣȭôܵеù򳤷쾳ǿߡ
С̫Բˡ

̨۲ݣ򳤷Ŀȴ絶һ
ô˵Ҳˣʵ
ûҪ֪𰸣ֻҪشҲұԡҶɫ˵
ߣֻǵؾԲΪϷʤҲʤ֮䣬Ϸֺα˷νıԡ򳤷ߺߵ
ѹ޷͸ΪԭǵؾԲǿߡ
ؾԲ˾ȻӵеؾԲΪ
Ҳ̫˼ˣҲʮӣôӵеؾԲΪ

˶ҶΪо̾򳤷Ҳ𾪲ѣӵеؾԲΪȥǰ;ɹ
ȻΪ𾪵ĻԱߵˣΪ֪ҶֻǸʮС꣬ҵִϣֻеؾΪŹ˶̶ĸµʱ䣬ȻӵؾڽؾԲٶÿֲѾˡ
ҶЦһ֪ǵƲȭû뵽˵ز˵ҲǣҪ쾳ΪҵҽͬЦˡ
ԲѣϷ㲻Ҳɽ򳤷ŭ
ЩջҲͱ˵ˣʵ㺦¶ҵԲҽҶ켥Ц
Ȼ㴿Ϸͳȫ㡣򳤷Ȼǰ֮ǵзѣҶԷʾˣǲؽ򳤷ôֱӽСӸˡ
ԷϹҶ͵Ц˵ȻǱԣȻжע˼ҪˣǾͷЩˡ
û⣬ҪˣͰ°ɡ򳤷ԴҲԼ䣬ҲӦ
Ҷʩ»˼ռŷȰ˵Ҷһʱļǰ취İ취
ǰҶСѣԷ쾳ǿߣӵеؾԲΪҲĶְ켫ҲȰ
ҶСѣɽڣûգ嶯Ҫ۵ġβֽȰ
ߣѰ·ʦ̫ߺߵ
лλŹģзִ硣ҶмӦ򳤷
СӼֱ̫ˡ
ɲһûʶ쾳ǿߵ
һż䣬ǿϧ
ҶûЩ䳰ȷ֮Ȼ˸̨
ӣȻҲ֪ǲˣûҪΪҵȰ
Ÿ˺۵ӣҶмַŭ˿ɬЦ⣬һǳȥģһġ
˵ţŤͷ򳤷翴ȥ峤ʹʽһ֮ڷֳߵͰɡ
û⣬Ϸһ֮㡣򳤷Ŀ¶ŨŨɱ⣬Ҷ첻ô˵ҲʹһУԷС
λͬڴ֤Ҷ̨˵
̨һƬžƺΪλĬ
̨˶ȥһҲѺ̨Ҷ򳤷˷ֱߵ˸̨࣬˿ս׼
һ̣˶ס˺һжʤһнҶˣҵ˶ܺ棬˫ʩչεǿʽ
˺Ĵ֮ڶᵽɤۣǶϣҶڴˡ
׼𣿡򳤷Ҷʵ
аɣ
µɲǣҶɵĽȭʩչ
βȴӰÿӰĶȻͬͷۣǧֹһ㡣
һĻ˶һ󾪲
˸ĿɿڴǵȻһϳЩϤĶǴûмȭַʽʩչΪصǣԷŸɺ󣬾ȻûӰ֣Ǽʩչද
򳤷ȭȻҲʮ˽ģҲʶȭʽ·ȷȷʵʵȭ
𾪹𾪣򳤷û˿⣬˫ǰʮԪ嫽ˮһ̼ڿӿ
Ƭ֮ҶѾӰһвӰֳ򳤷ߵҲ񱩵ԪϷȼţɽâ̫һҫۣ쾳ǿ߶еıƣѹΧ˶Щ
ЩؾǿʩչʱĹֻΪԭɫǰӵ쾳Ϊ򳤷ʩչƣܽԪɫɽɫҲ̬
ҶҲ򳤷ɢǿѹҧأǿͷǹɲ㤵ĸоԪĶ˿ûͣ͡
ǰʽʮĸѾ׼ɣҶƾʽȭܶԸǰλ쾳ǿߣûнͷųȥǼʽľŸҲʩչ
ϸ˵ȭʽѾ쾳ʽȭΪƣԣҶؾԲΪȫʩչһУֻĽʮֲֿġ


330 
Ϣ֮£򳤷нʽ׼ɣһӣҶ췽˳ȥ
Ƶʽɭ󣬲۲۵쾳ʽ
ֻ򳤷ĳɲǣɫķӰһ㣬ҶϮȥһпʵȭмƣϾҪȭ嫰ٱɭ󣬷·ӰϮ
ҶĿǰΪʩչǰʽȻģʽȴԵЩǿˣÿһʩչҲԵЩɬ
ֱ򳤷ͷŵЩӰϮǰҶڽʽİ˸ʩչɣʱĴ
ʽȭ
Ҷ챩һȭ
һӰȥ
ᣡ
һıҶͷŵӰնŰǰһҵӵһ㣬׾ٵػǰӰһŽâȻը̻һѤöʡ
һ˫˫Ŀ£ӰͻطӰ׻򳤷ɭءһײ򳤷ԪϣӰ
㳡һļžʱ·ֹˣ˶ľһ㣬ԭأ죬۾ɵùԲһգգضŸ̨ϣƺȴˡ
򳤷ƾȻˣ˫۾ۼ֤ģ򳤷ԼҲ޷ʵԼƾȻһؾԲʿⲻ˵ĳ裬ҵĳ裬汲
̨µһȴּǼĲԼȣȭȻĿ֮»ƣѾ𣬵ҫȴǿࡣ
ʵղŵĽԶԶ򵥣򳤷ʩչɭǲ۲۵쾳ʽԪԿžԵƣ֮£ȻǰˣȻء
ȣҶʩչȭѾ˸ѾǰΣҶ̺֮ЩϵֲԪ֮Ĳࡣ
صĹͬ£ǰⳡʤ
ʤܣҲ֪ˣӦòᵱͬ棬ȻԼɣҶ򳤷ʵ
򳤷һع£ѾҵٻԼĻĄ̊́ˡ
򳤷˻֣ʾˡ
Ǽ˵ĸҲֻܹԹԽ⿪ˡ
һже˳ҶҲû̫࣬æǱȥ
ǰҶʵ˶𣿡
ţˡش
ʲôҪ˵뿪ҶѵȻ׼ȥ
ǣһ˻û߼򳤷ͻȻֹţ
˶һҶҲǹ򶨵ػͷ򳤷翴ȥʵô뷴ˣ
ԶţȻ˵ǣȻǣ㲻ߡ򳤷Ȼ
̨¶ʱȻҳǲ˵̫µ˶Է
ȻЩСҳ棬ĴɿɾͲԹˡ
ž켫İ𣬷ŭνԸķ䣬ѵöû𣿡
ӷк֮£˴ˡռŷҲ̬ȻζҲʶ̧ٵĻĴɽ档
򳤷һ˿ЦĴ͸ЩͨһǵǻңڴҶŸɡ
ֻάˣҪΥ壬ҵĴҲֻͦˡβ˵
Ϊ˱Ӧ㲻Υɣ򳤷Ȼʵ
Ҷȴһ⣬в
ʱ򳤷ͻȻ
ֻ汻Ѻ˸̨ڣ˺ۣȻ˿̵ӡ
棬̨ۡ
ⲻλǧС𣿡
ôһ
ҶüͷһʼΪ汳ڿӦòûбѣжʱץסˡ
ӣҶܲζϣԼߵⲽصġ
һŮѾҵͽȻУͼӪЩ򳤷ٲȻ˵ţĿһתҶ죬˵㣬ϷѾ֪ݣòװˡ
ȻԷѾбʳԼݣԴˣҶҲûйϾֻ޹ܺߡ
ȻѾʶƣҶҲͽϵļٺӸ
ҶĿ˽һ󾪲
ϴִĹھ𣿡
ֻеؾΪɣŶ̶̼£Ȼﵽ˵ؾԲʵ̫˼ˡ
еؾԲΪνǾŰ
˵ϾǱɱӹһˡ

۷׷֮ʱҲһľ㣬㲻ǡ
û˵ȥҶ조ͨһڵأ֣Тܿˡ
͵һ۾ɵùԲ촽ͣţȴһҲ˵
磬Ǹ磿ϲ
ƣһƣһۿ⺢ӣҾ;ɩӳúϸһֱһģ̳ġֵ쾪ϲ˵
ʱݺᣬ˫ֽҶΪĴȻԼӶûϳ
硣˽Ҷ컳ʧʹ
ˣõִĹھңȭˣӦĶˡҶḧͷ˵
ţûƭң㶼ˡ
ʱ򳤷һ˵Ȼ㣬ϴûһƴϷоȣϷ򾪲ǣ㾹ȻЩ𾪵ģʵҶΪǰֻǸո̤ؾڣȴǴﵽ˵ؾԲ־˵ٶ򳤷о壬ǲұؽܴ١
ҶŤͷ򳤷翴ȥ˵ɱңûôס
ߣǴԲѣΪʩչʽȭȻѾľڵ״̬ϷһƶӲסˣ㻹ӳ𣿡򳤷ɱⰻȻҪϴˢ֮ǰܵĳ裬Ҫͷ̳׵ûиԷ˿ĻᣬǰƵһʽ׼
ǸϽߣҶ˴ߴٵ
Ҫ磬ҪһҪһץҶ졣
ƣһ֮ǰžۣҲ޺ˡȻ
ûҶ˵ʲô򳤷ĹѾ׼ϣĳһƣԪƶڿΪһƴСĽɫƾܽŨȻԶ
ֵһˣζԷ²Լʬ屻ߣ֮󽫻³Ѿ޷


331 ԯ
ǾǻƾҪϮǰ֮ʣͻȻҶǰһĻҶĳױ
£Ѿûʱ佫Ҷɵϣʣȫע壬ֻ֪ͽͣҲֻЩˡ
ᣡɫӰû˿غϡ
񱩵ԪӿڣݻеҶעڵЩִݲ
ۣ
Ѫ̱Ҷ컳

Ҷ챧סҲ汯ݡ
ԼĹ£򳤷Ҫٴʩչ̨µ켫ѲͼǺԥʩչ䵱򳤷ϮȥռŷβҲ׷ʩչϮ򳤷硣
λؾԲǿߵĹ򳤷ȻӲֻǿջعƣƵӭϮһײԪϡ
£켫Ȼ˵򳤷磬ɲҪôߣ˵ҶСɱϣ֮ǰ׿ڳŰΪ˵Ĵֻع
û򳤷磬ٲʶĻݹĴɸҷˡβֵ
ӷԩԩ౨ʱˣʩΪ֮ռŷȰ
򳤷˵ĿǰĴɿ⣬ڳЩ˳ҵĴС඼ǴʱĴɷѱ֤ǲѱ䣬
ǵЩأ򳤷Ҳֻǿɶ
һߣҶڵ
ѣһ˺òžۣ㲻ܾôˡҶȪӿ
ȳѪ˹Ҷ죬ʵǲҪأ
һĻ˵ϤǸСŮڴϣҲôԼġ
ģиһġʱԼôشġ
磬Ժͽչˡ۽ˮ䣬ƤҲ䡣
㲻粻ġҶ޺ţ˵ţѸȡʮö룬֮ȫ뷨еһ뷨ȻĿǰ״ҲֻƬ̡
뷨Ҷַ̨ϵ򳤷һ۱˳ԯҽɴˣ
ԯҽɡĸ־һ㣬˶ը졣
ΪΪѪ壬ظΪ¯ΪԻ꣬
൱꣬ԯҽԭȻΣһʿŷɥ֣ԯҽҲ˱Ϊаɣԭ֡
֣˵Ƕħ˼䡣
ոʩչȷʵ뷨
û뵽˾Ȼа
ԯҽɾȻعԭˣֺƽֽˡ
βĹˣһҪЩаϾɱ

ӷ𣡡ڳ֮УҲΨռŷ֪Ҷݣ¶Էݰ¶Ҳֻ̾Ϣ
֮ǰΪҶƽ켫ˣʱҲĬˣûϵ˾Ȼаݡ
ҶûˣʩϽ׻ʵСûʲôİ취
һ£׻ڻش
Ҳ𣿡Ҷʵ
ܡ׻ش
ⲻǷϻϽңʲô취Ҷ켱
Էż׻ҲûٿЦ˼Ƭ̺˵Ļֽҩ磬ҲͲ֪ûɵˡ
Ҷ۾ʱһũؾõǱ־̸棬ƺἰҩʮϡֻǧ֮һϣҶҲҪŬһԡ
û屣ֲİ취أҶ׷ʵһϢԼгһܹƳҲȲǸʱˡ
СӣԼõʱ𣿵Ԫͷʱ򣬾ӡȨ׻ѵ
ǣӡȨҪ̾̾ʩչҶε
СӵԴǲջأǸʩչڶʽԣֻҪ㹻Ԫȫʩչʽ׻˵
ǵʩչСʱ򣬶ѾľҵԪȻΪʩչ˵ʽ𣿡Ҷǵ
û׻εػش
Ҷһա
׻˵Ȼﲻ㣬ˣкͷԪĽ塣
׻ôһѣҶȻ򣬡Сллˡ
Աϣ˿飬Ѹ̧˫֣Ȩʽָʩչ
ʱ㳡һƬӣֳҶѾΪʸ֮ģ˵ìͷһָ
ĴɿڿԼΪɣû뵽ﾹȻаΪ顣򳤷û
򳤷磬ɱѪˣǸ֪ҶСԯҽɵˡ켫Ȼȵ
ߣˣϻ䵱ɷأ㾹Ȼ˵֪ݡ򳤷һС˵־̬
켫˵һ죬ʱԶԣҲû˵
򳤷ּ˵յѲڣԺĴҲͱԳʲôˡ
򳤷磬ҲʲôöҶ޹㻹ʸ𣿡βȻȻԷϲҵİԼǲͽⷢӣⷽú¡
֮ǰ˵ұԼԭֻΪˣûȴǰʯͷԼĽţ򳤷һߺߵµǻվаһߣĴаΪǲʵˡ
򳤷磬ɱŹֻΪֹаȫûйϵ켫˵
򳤷ҲЩһûĻ⣬˵ҪĻҶΣյĶʱըԣһתʵȻˣĴӦòֹϷа֮ͽ˰ɣ
Ŷû˵ʱٳĻɵɾʹӰˡ
򳤷Ц⣬Ҷ쿴˹ȥЦһΣϷó׵ס
Աϣ˫ֺʮǰһ׼Ƶɭ
ϴλɱҶʱΪ˱סʩչ򵥵ʽһΣʲôѾһĲֵΨһҪģǽԷ׵׵Ĩɱԣʩչʽ
򳤷׼ƵͬʱҶȨָʩչɣһҲĴ
˫ֽӡֹͣĳһƣĽâһһͼſͼһּţһ뾹Ѷϣ壬ͼڵţ巺һƬԲĽâ


332 뿪
ĵ˯ɣһȻġҶ츧˵
ԱϣվŤͷ̨ϵ򳤷翴ȥϽɢɫ棬Ҳһ˿ħһЦ⡣
ޱȿɲɱҶɢ
޾Ŀ־Ϯͷǰħ
ʱҶȫȼ˰ɫ̧֣ǰһץһȼյ֮С
ȫѻȸĿⶼҶϣ˿־壬һַģ͸ηС
̨ϵ򳤷ҲҶɢĿֲϢϾ쾳ΪǿߣôҲ̨ЩһľսĶû˿ͣͣҲȼҫ۵Ľɫ档
ҶȻŲһ򳤷ȥЩɫҡҷ
˶ס˺ĿҶӰƶŸ̨Ųȥ
Ҷϸ̨򳤷ʽѾɡ
ɭ󣡡
£򳤷Ȼ𹥻
ͺ֮ǰһâҫķӰ򳤷ӿƺƵҶ˳ȥ
ӿϮĹƣҶ赭дؾ۷һӣһɫм
ᣡ
һ𣬾ͺ֮ǰʩչʽȭһо׾ٵػеķӰ
еྡྷ򳤷ϮȥֱӴ͸Ԫ塣
򳤷͵һʱŤ񿴵ޱȿֲĻһ㣬ݵ˫۵ɵùԲ¶޾ľ⡣
һĻ˿дǵӣǵоȻ͸򳤷ԪǶô˼¡
ԷĹƺҶӰһȻ˸̨ϣоһ㣬Ȼ򳤷ǰ
Ŀע֮£߸߾
ǰ򳤷ӾǾҵضѱ׻Ѿû˿ֻܹԹԵؽС
Ҷû˿ԥѸ£򳤷統ͷȥգһĨɫӰ󵶼ش͸򳤷Ԫ̽ǣǱŰҲ֮ӿ򳤷Դ
򳤷﷢һ˻˱̱ڵأ֪
ǺεȿֲȻ׾ٵػһλ쾳ǿߣĿɿڴ
ֳžƬ̺صȷӦ죬£ŵµӺ
ȻЩ˶ۿ쾳ǿߵڶԷ£ﻹ˸ȥ
صĽҶע⣬˫ɫĿؿ˹ȥ
ӵɲǣص˫һ̱ڵأɪɪ˫۾˵ĿֱֲħҪֲ
Ҷ첢ûˡ˼ֻӰһ˲ظǰ
޾Ŀֲɱ⽫ѹڵأЩ
ʱҶѾռ飬û˿֮ģؾ
Ҫ֮ʣһƴСĽɫƾһ㣬ԶϮգ֮ϮҶǰ
أ
ƾػҶϣҶЩɫ汻ɢҲõɳȥ׹Զ
Ҷ챻ɵɲǣһ׷ԲԵͷһ㣬˸̨֮ϡ
죡켫һҪ֪ͷӿ쾳ڵǿߡ
̨ºܿ
쿴˿̨ϻ򳤷磬ȻĿԶҶϣŭⰻȻ
ҶӵƺδʲôˣЩɢİɫֹĻصϡ
һĻüͷ΢΢еؾԲΪ˾ȻܺĽһƣ˼ǶԷЩɫ棬ǲͨɱ֮
ȻǸˣȻ
һҶЩ֮ȷе˵ӦǸа֮ȻЩɱϵĲ
Ҳ˵ҶÿһΣһΡ
Ҷ˫Ⱥ۾ϣǰΣյĵˣû˿ľ⣬˹ȥ
а˵ţ˫ֺʮȻ׼ʩչɭӡ
ʩչٶȱ򳤷࣬ҶǰʽѾ׼ϡ
ĳһʵʵĽֱҶϮȥ
Ȼѽһһľ磬۶ĽȻԶ򳤷֮ϡ
ӭϮĽҶͬǼ򵥵ػӭȻһûܽ˳ƺϡ
أ
һ쳣ĳƣδƺƴˣŽţҶϵһαɢһɢ˷ĩһ˿ʣҶҲһѪ󵹷ʮס
ƣ
һҪȥȴϼŮס
֮Ҷվ̲ŻѪЩɢİ棬صڣһûٻָ
ȥɣȻȵ˳ĳһɫƾҶϮȥ
û֮壬һǱɵġ
ҶûҲֻ١
ȻƺھֻǲĿһһεȥ
ƾϮǰɲǣһ͸Ľӵͷ£Ҷʵʵ
أƾȻײڽϣ΢΢һȴûб
ӷա
ԶһӰһ˸֮£Ȼ˽֮ǰ
ⲻֵĶɿɮ𣿡
ɿɮȻа
Ȼɿɮ֣ضɵġ

̨˵硣ȴûлɶɿ⣬ҲԿɿ֮еĳߵλ
ɿ࣬ѵ뵱ͬά𣿡ʵ
ӷҷȱƽȡɿʮ˵
һߣô˵Ща֮˶ȥ±ˣ
к֮£ֻҪĻڸģǿຣޱߣͷȻǰʩֺαҪϾɱءɿȰ
ߣҲɱؽҡɲɵӣǰСеؾԲΪǷŻɽǺ
ʩȱͬ棬ɱһλ޻֮ĺ󱲣ͲЦ𣿡ɿʵ
һ죬̬ǿӲ˵ΣϷǲ׷ȥġ
ĿԵҶʩպ󲻻ٻԭΪȻĻԽշɿĵ˵
˼Ҫԭ֣ʵ
Ǵ⡣ɿͷ
룬˵Ȼ㵱ͬ˳ŵϷһԸԼĳŵ
ӷ𣬳˲ڿɿ˵
Ҷһۣץϵ򳤷ȥ


333 
ɿһӣȥ˽ӡ
лɮȡҶм
ӷҶʩʱѵȥȥĵطɡɿ˵ŵݸҶһҡ
Ҷӹңһȴһż׵ĵͼ˼ȦҶܿ˶ɿ˼
лɮ㡣
ƶһħһһħӷ𡭡ɿԶȥ
ɿߺһΧ
ƣӻðɣǵʵ
֣û£ͿԻָˡҶ˵
ƣأ쵣ǵʵ
Ҷϰŵȥ˵ģһ취ġ
ǻ뿪˵ɡѵ˵űǰȥŮ
֮ǰҶͷȥֻѺԶȥҲ޾İ󣬿Ҷȴȥ
ңһġҶȥȻȻתȥ
صѾǵڶʱ֣һ·ϵĵҶҲõòˡ
׵˰ڴؾƵȥΰļҽҶ˻
·ϣҶ˵Ҫ뿪ºҶ˵ʦ֣˼Ҫȥ
Ѿͷ㻹ǻʦɣʦȥĵطΣյġҶȰѾͷҲԯҽɴˣҶȻ¡
Ҫ˼ҲҪȥҪ㡣Ҷ˵
Ҷ룬ӦǺðɣһȥˡԼΪҪѾͷӦǲġ
𣿡Ҷϲ
ţҶ˵ͷ
ڶһ磬ҶҶ˸׵˾ס׷
˽ҶҶֹĹص֣λסûϰ߰ɣ
Щ궼ǲͷ¶޵ģͻȻסֺĵطЩϰߡп
ǰüûôĵ˯ˡ̾Ϣ
Ƹ磬ԺǲǿסأʻֺĶӣʮ꣬ȻȡǴѸҵϣ⺢ϣҵѪҵδ
ӵⷬҶһԼԣ⺢ӿˣŵ
ҶȻһЦԴ˵ֻҪϲ춼ס
ƣϽȥǰɡ˵
ţҶ˵ͷţ뿪˾Ƶꡣ
һͽɽԽ¿ҡ
սңȻǱо̾
ҶĴ֮£һžˣֻǵǡ
Ҷ콫һСĳԣӦû
ʮ壬ԪѽڣǺϼԲӣһ˻ھƵֵ꣬سһٷ
峿ҶҶ黹ҶСڣ뿪ůļң뿪ϤĳУ̤δ̡֪
ԼҪ뿪£ҶǰʫáΪһ߲֪ܻҶ첻뵢ŮҸԲδµȴϣ
ҲգʹҲգʱһС
ǰڽ֮ǰҶȥһ̩ɽ
ٴ˸ϤСϤĸоϮͷ﷢һĻĻ¡
λҪס𣿽Ǳ괺Żݻһˣ׼ֻʮڱסޣܰ۵òŻݡһҷſڣһ
ҶŤͷ￴ȥǵãҵǸѾͷڻ̲ʧЦ
ʦ֣ЦʲôأҶɻʵ
Ҷعҡͷ˵ûʲôǾҵס°ɡ
ŶҶڴӦ
λ롣˽뷹ꡣ
ԹҶ콫Ҷ鰲ھƵԼ̩ɽȥ
˳Ϥ·ߣٴ̩ɽƬεɽС
վǰ˽ȥ
ԴһѣϤɽȻǰ
ҶǣɽѾϴǰԣ
ɽϡС֪ˡҶǣֻܿʥ޵ϢһҲûԾ
Ƭ̣һֻèСͨڳ˳
ˣһʮϲس嵽ҶǰСԴҶزš
Ҷ˰βŷӦŽС㣬ʵС裬òΪϡԲ˻ôС˰ɣ
ǵˣΪϡˣҲСͿԼˡС͵
ԭˣҪ֪ܹСϴξӦôˡҶ׵ʵôͻȻϡأ
ΪԭסǸˣͱϡˡСش
ԭҶ컹Ļ᲻ǸµǿߣС˵ѾȥҲͰ
ʲôʱߵأҶʵ˵ű㳯ͨȥ
СҶͷشϴߺ󲻾һΣǲ˽Եڶʹж뿪ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷû˵ʲô
˳ͨٴǸɽңʱɽǿյģߵʬǸװƿӶѾʧ
ڶתһȦҶתȥ
ִСȥĹǰһȻ뿪ɽ
ɽСǱųӵСһ㣬ڲݴﶫܣòֺ
صʱɫѺڡ
ҶѾͷڴϿƬһ˷ܳС裬ʱ۾һһµǵĴӴٶȽС˸š
ʦֻ֣ɰСǴأҶرС裬ͣԴϲţСһȻ֮ǰڲݴﶫܣȴ˳Ⱦ
ɲС롣Ҷ˵
룿ҶЩԾСǰϸһȦĲСأʦ֣⺢𡣡
С衣Ҷڵ
ҶС𣿡Ҷʵ
ҶĨ˰ѺƵؾʲôҶС裬С裬ûҶ
ҶȫûҶĻֻë˵ҶСڣҶС裬ԺˣǿҪúദŶ
󡣡СƺҶĻ˵СԴգֻɫС۾һؿС裬СҲԴСڡ
һĻҶЦСһƺԽԽͨˡ
Сɴˣ˵ʲôֻϧ˵Ҷź
ˣ𿴵ˣϽϴϴ˯ɣ컹ø·ءҶ˵űңع˵ӡ
˼ҶûпءҶŴҶңأֽӴ򿪡
Ҷε̾˿ҲùѾͷˣϴڴǱ־̸


334 ɳ
Ѫʡʮ㷵¶
ЩҪҩɶҶ˵ȴδŵİ֡־̸϶ЩҩؽܣǵЩ򵥵ĽܣҪҵЩҩ̫ܡ
Ҷ쳤̾һ鼮
ҶȻڿŶƬʱʱЦ͸ƵģСںСһڷ׷ҸϣƺѾΪˡ
ֻޣҶͻȻһֵһ￴ͺͨİèһȻ˿Ϊ硣
ɣӦöޣũؾЩޣ񣬶ԿΪ硣
ѵΪǵΪѾԶʤңҲ޷ǵΪҶ찵˼СϻеͨСڲųûãΪܲܳԽԼɣ
ɻҶ첢û̫࣬ڳǰڽ֮ǰ񣬱־档
ڶһ磬ޱ̣ڸɳĮǰ
ɿҶŵͼǽŷֲͼЩȫλڸڡɳĮԴ֮ϡ֮أݵͼϵָʾһλڸɳĮ֮С
ʦ֣ǵɳĮʲôأǰƬһ޼ɳҶʵһ·ûҶҪȥģ˵ֻҪܸҶˡ
ȥһ硣Ҷ˵
һ磿Ҷһ¶
߾ˡҶ˵űɳĮȥϵСɪɪձ
죬Ҷ챧С裬谮СԾʧˣҶƸҶչˡҶ죬Сڴӳʮ־£ʵҲҶ챾ˣھҶڵ׻꣬ҶͷϣȻЩ
ŵͼǺܴ󣬵ӵͼϸλɳĮĸλãҶ쵹Ҳûʲôõĵġũؾʱշ˵ÿŶɢǿʮ֮⣬ҲĸӦɲ
ԣֻҪɳĮķǰˡ
ͨ˵ҪֻǰУּսȻԵؾǿ˵ǾҪˡ
һһһͻɽ֮ϣѾһ߳ĽӡеĶѾɳû
ڰʱ֣ҵνĽš
һɳϵľ޴УǿΧ𣬻ɳ衣
ʦ֣˵Ľ𣿡Ҷ۾Ծʵ
ţűڽˡҶͷ˵ҲͷһͷţҲ֮ɫ
ۿƬ̺ҶҶ֣˵ȥɡ
ţҶ˵ͷҶһ̤ͬš
Դһѣǰľ󼸺û̫ı仯һƬһ޼ʵɳҲշ˵ڽĵ鼸ͬ
Ҷһ̾ڽȻҪԣࡣΨһ֤Ѿ̤ڽģҲֻпǳˡ
ûʲôҶڵСƺҲŨȵı仯ԭήҵľʱҶϵСҲӣԲС۾Ĵ̽
ӦҪӾʰɡҶһڴ
ʦ֣ҪأҶ黷ű߼ʵɳЩãʵ
ҲûʲôȷĿĵأͱֱǰ߰ɣ߳ƬɳĮ˵ҶҲû̫࣬˵
ǣ˼ǰȥ
һʱڽҲѾǻƻʱ֣ƬձӲӵϦȾɽɫƬɫɳĮһƬνһɫ׳ޱȡ
ɫܿ찵Ϊ˾뿪ƬɳĮҹ·
ɳĮ쳣峺貵ǹӫӫ˸ө档
ҹʱ֣ɳĮ¶轵غɳӭϮ˶һԵ赲ɳϮ
ҹĻ֮£ɢɫ͹ԣЩɳĴڷϷžž죬ѩӵɡһ㡣
һ̣ƺԽԽˣɳ籩һ㣬žĴϡ
ʦ֣ǰˡҶ˵
òɳ˰ɣҶǣҶ֣ѵץҵ֡
Ƭ̣ҶͻȻָǰʦֿ쿴ǰ档
µĹԣԼǰһɽһ޴ĺӰǵصӭϮ
ɳܣҶһȻҶͷܡ
Ȼûͻýһᣬӱ㱻һޱ
ץңǧҪ֡Ҷ
ʦ֣ҿץסˡҶ齹ǵ
ɰԵ֮£˵ֺܿס
ʦãʦ֣
ҶڶϿԶȥʧʵķС
ֽǣڰУû취ŲӣҶҲ޼ƿʩЩȻңȴ޷Ҷ찲Ĳ١
ȻҶҲûνɿŰڡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶоԼƺѾƽʶЩģڿеôãͺñȱͰɽϹζɲܡ
ƣϮ֮£Ҷ˯˹ȥ
󣡡СڵĽִë׵ĸо
Ҷ۾ʱɫɷ
һ뵽Ҷ飬ҶʱһµǵشӵɰСһ
»ˣһƬããɳ
ʦãҶ˼ȴûκλ
Ҷͨһ̱ڵأѸ㲻ɳǰ·ߣȻҲû취ȥҶˣ뵽С飬Ҷ쵹ǰЩ
ڽ£Ҳ蹻ùġҶŴӵ
ߵĳб˷ߵķǰ·ʦá
źǣһ죬ҲûʦõӰȴڰʱӭһ֧Сӡ
ŮеؾΪΪߵһӣƺʮӣӵеؾΪ
һԼʮͷ㣬ü֮仹͸һ˿֮ӵеؾΪ
ŮʹԼĪʮ꣬òƽƽΪҲڵؾڣͽŮӶʮ߰ӣõΪƺոս׵ؾڡ
û뵽ڽϵģȻλؾǿߣڽɲǿߡ۵ˣҶа룬ͬʱӭȥЦǺǵشкǣĮʵ̫ˡ
˽Ҷ´һȦû˿Ϊӣλ꿪͵ЦʵֵܣòǸɢ˰ɣҶֻǸûΪƽˣַȻһʺĵط


335 
ȷʵˣɳԺͶɢˣ֪λ;֮ǷһλŮӣҶ˴
ҡҡͷѵƬɳĮÿҹʱֱɳķ˵ʮΣյġ
лѣʴ磬Ҹôĸߣܾ뿪ƬɳĮأҶʵ
ɳĮı߶һ˵
Ҷһա
ֽ˵ϾҪˣټߵĻʮΣյġ
ǿôأҶڳһӡ
磬Ҫһ·ɡ
ûӻشŮӶȻԵôأǿҪģôһ˺ȡ
ܼܲȰɣ굹һĳ
ƣҶæЦ˵ҪǼλʵΪѵĻһ߱ǡ
ǵҲǲ㣬ֻҵȴлΣգǣҲѱȫ˵
磬ͺˣһ˵Ļ϶Ǽ̫ˣǶٻиϣսʱԶˡ˵
С˵ҲǣҪǾʹɣҲû·ˡŮֵ
ŮҶƳƳۣĿⲻѺá
ǺðɣСֵܣ͸һߺˡӵͷӦ
̫лλˣҽҶ죬ܸʶλҶҽܡ
ҽк硣ҽܵҶˡ
ӽΪΪߣ˱ƺΪ磬ΪסŮʹĽȽϺƣĽиƽԸȽϸ߰еСƢ
֮Ҳûʲô飬ֻΪһ߶ͽ񣬶ټһġ
ڽ磬ͽıɢ޲һ˱֮Ϊͽˣ֮ӦĻһֽӶŵ֯ʵҲһЩͽ˾ۼһ齨ɵĹ̶塣
ܺ˱ǰ
Ҷֵܣ㾹ɳкĴ湻ġ·ϣ͵ĴҶļ٩
ҲֻǽӹһٶѡҶǺЦֺʵ磬Ҫȥأ
ȥɱһֻŽޡش
ŽޣҶȻ֪ڽ޾ȻƷ֣֮ǱʵŽ޵жǿأ
޵ĵȽףʵǸʿΪȽ׽лֵģһ޵Ϊ൱ƾΪĵ൱ΪߵŽ൱ڵؾΪŽҲ൱ڵؾΪˡĵؽ
Ҷ˵ͷʵ쾳Ϊôأ
쾳Ϊ޾ͳ֮ΪʥˣʿһΪǡش
ѵ쾳Ƿֳǰڡڡ׶ε𣿡ҶԾ
Ϊ쾳׶ε̫ԾͷֳһǵǣŸ׶ΣֳΪ쾳ؽ͵һɵؿҶʵôЩʶ֪أ
ҶͷƤЦڷܵƽˣȻȥ˽Щˡ
ЩС֪ĳʶ纹յ
ҶҲû̫࣬æʵ磬ɱֻŽʲôأ
ЦЦ˵ҪĻΪǿžŽ޺ˣҲǴе񡣵Ȼ޺֮⣬ЩҲֵͦǮģβͣϵƬ
һõͽأҶʵ
ܹһǧ龧ش
龧龧ҲԵ𣿡Ҷһ죬磬龧޷ʯһȶĴڡ
ɵؿҶ죬滳Ǵӡ
ٺ٣СܺٳţԶⷽ˽١Ҷε
ԴȴҲ䷳˵龧أǱʯһεĻˣƽʱõͼңһ龧൱һʯһҡ
ԭҡҶֹ
òҲ֪ɣ񿴹ƵĿҶ졣
Ҷæ֪Ȼ֪ǼõĶҡ
˿ҪȻΪԼˡ
ţҶɻʵ磬ҿǶֿȭģѵԸֻŽ޲ʹñ𣿡
ɾͲ֪ˡ˵ţ罫־ҶǰҫöĽָʵöָûУ
ˣͦصӣʯ𣿡Ҷʵ
ʲôʯģǴ䣬Ŷõġ˵
ôһ˵ҶϹ˹ۣȻϵڽ羹Ȼȸ߿Ƽֻѽǣ˺öôûȥء
ֱ֪ⴢʱи̡
νʵǹעһƾȻרҵʦʹ󷨣һƾӡڽָУҲ
ĴֻҪûȥҲ޷򿪣Ȼȥ󣬷ӡеľ֮ɢֱָ֮Ҫʹá
ָĿռжأҶĥʲôʱҲȥһöĽָ
ⴢҲͱһΪȣöеȴ䣬Сͺһ࣬µȴĻֻйӴСĿռ䣬ϵȵĿռǾ൱ˡ˵
κζԴȥ𣿡ҶǸⱦƵʸͣ
Ȼǣһֻܴ洢һЩĶһҲӷʮĵػشҶʡ
򰲾ǰͷû˺죬ǵҲֵ徲
磬ҪǴɳôأҶֺʵа취ӦɳȻҲͲԼˡ
ĺˣߵ·ܿЩɳǲΣյġҶļο
ɳа취ܿҶЩ졣
ΪɳĮɳǺйɵģ֪ɺȻͿɱܿˡ͵
ԭˡҶͷ׹
ţǰͷͣ˽Ų
ĿĵѾԶˣϢһϰɡͷ˵˵űϥ
Ҷ£һֱ¶СͻȻ˳ɳϱQˣ
ҶֵܣɳĮôһֻأòûԵʱðɣ翪ЦʵȻҲ޷СڵΪԱΪһֻͨ
СƺһĻͻȻͣסƣعͷֻС۾Ҷͺš
汻˵ˣ뷨ءҶǺЦ
ҶĻСڡ󡱽ֻ֫ɳһ䣬ܿڳһСӶ˽ȥ¶СԴĻ̥ļһ


336 
һĻЦ޵ֻͦԵġ
ҲֻһֻͨҰްˡƽߺһһм˵˵ţͶһֵĿ⣬ŤͷȥҶ죬õôҸ˵ɣ
ƽ㲢û˵СܿҲΪ¡Ҷڵ
Ϊ£ѲΪҳƯ𣿸㣬ֵµķˣǿϵģ㻹İɡƽĵس˳Ҷ죬˵ҿɲ㣬ҽеôȡ
ҶЩòŮҲûƯȥҲˮƷҲ֪ڽʲô
Ҷֵܣղҿʱʱ͵ƽãòϲ˰ɣ侮ʯ
Ҷһ񺹡
ߣ⡣ƽб۽Ҷȫ¶һ顣
߹ˣ²δǰĽſ㣬Ϊ¿вӡԼٲŮ˻ΪԼǱ߻ˡ
Ҷ⻰ƽ϶ʱŭɫҶ߳ȵвأǿ˵Ҷ췭˺üۡ
汲ҽģвûһ۱ܿȻ߹ﲻţǾˡҶɲԼĺıԷ¿ηΡ
㻹˵Ųűͷƽ͸ĸϻƵġ
ҶƲƲ죬˵ԼһˣŸһСŮ˼ƽϡ
Ҳû˵ʲôϾҲֻʱɵĶ飬˴֮Ҳûʲô飬Ȼò졣
˸ҶɳϿϵǿգüͷҶ鵣ġѾͷƢҪǰƽ꣬ڽǿ֣ؾΪƺѾ̫գҶҲֻţϣСܹúñѾͷ
ضȹһϣڶһ˱ǰ
ûãǰʷ˱仯ѾɳǼӲʯأۿȥһЩССι״ķʴ
̤Ƭʯͣ½ŲͷҶ죬˵Сֵܣǰɡ
ŶҶڴӦһ
˶鱨ֻӦþƬʯ֮УҶСĵ㡣
˶˵ͷ׷׳ͬʱԴӴȡ
˵еȱõһɫĴӣһտɫıһɢıӣƽȴóһֻīɫĺ«
׼˱ʯȥ
ԶҶģһߴķʴʯ
ӸߴȥƬʯֵƺǺܹ㣬˵ӰҲɼ
ֻ˲ߵʯĵʱǰһ޴ʯȻһȻһֻ޴档ֻƬɫΧķʴͬټһڷʴαװʯϸĻԷֱ档
ֻ棬־̸ҲؽܣΪᣬؾڵϵޣеؾУʵָǺܸߣΨһĳǷ
ԾķһؾǿߵĹǺ˺ģ֮УӵеؾΪ֮⣬˶ǵؾڣҪԸƺЩǣǿ
Ҷ˼Щʱһ֮սѾչһ˦Ǹ޳β˺ɨȥ
β֮⣬ʯǸɣʯɣ¡¡Ƽ产ˡ
ɨβҲǾĹֶΣֻٶȲǺ룬ټЩʯ谭Ⱦĳβɨ֮ʱѾ󳷿
Ӵܣջؾβһ׳ѸٰڶӴ޵ٶȥͷӦݵ˱ĶԵЩ׾ˡ
ٶϵƣ˲ϵĳˣһֱδ𹥻ΪǴ㽫Ƭʯٳ֣ϾЩʯӰжͬʱҲӰ˵жԾӴصɳжޣԸҲ͸ˡ
˿Ҫʯʱ򣬾ͻȻͣס˽ŲȻתͷԭ·ʯġ
ô׷أƽյòײŰ˳Ȼܻȥˣܲջ
òǿǵ˰ɣ²
ҲɣҲֻʯﶯˡ˵
ǣԭ·ۻء
ھֹҶҲƣٴŵȥʱͷжߡ
ֻǿ鱻Ģ״ʴʲô⣬ھԶҶ޷֮Կ϶ǣһʲô
ѵֻػԲûԶ롣Ҷ૲²
һ˼һЩϣܹĶ
Ҷʯıȥ֮ʱѾһ˾ǰ
ЩһιɧţԵʮַŭ˦βؾһʯݺȥ
㡣
㿪ʯĹ󺰵ֵܣעһסβͣһֺƽ֡
ļƻжͺһʩչԶ̹һˣ͵͵Ƶ˾󣬸ƽǸھ棬ֻ̺«ĵâ׼
ھ˦ľβոջ֮ʱ󷽵û˦ǽâŵĳޡ
ڿѸչգ֮˾ľβϡ
ľβѱסƽæ«ٴע
󣬺«жʱһīɫ
ЩܿƮͷϣԴŹ
ȻЩɲɱξ۾ģһָʴԼǿԶʱڸʴƬֻҪû˷ϵƣԸҲ׾ˡ
ֵܣڹ򺫷һͬʱǱڸ߾ٹͷϲޱȻɫ
ҲѸעʩУڽ۳һʮ׳ľͱ
˵Ĺͬһʱ¡
䣡
񱩵˷ɢЩʴȫʳɷĩ
һĲҽʹ֮£Ǳƺ˳β͵һ˦Ȼ˴˦ɳȥ
أײһʴϣı£ҲûˣѸٴӵ
ʱԴϵɢͷϵƬѱ飬ɫҺ˳
һ޴ս֮ʣҶ͵͵ﵽ˸һߴʯ
ǿĢҵĶȥҶʱϲ֮ɫɢıﾹȻһ꺵ҲԼĿǰȱһζԪҩ


337 С
ܵصĴˣǾʮǿģ̶ֳȵƻ
һ󣬾ܿվӣŭصǰˣֽҲ֪ΪʹΪŭ
磬һˡ״̬ãЩ
ظղŴ󲿷ƬˣҰողŵļƻжһΰɣûƬķӦÿһˡ˵
ڴ׼չжʱͻȻ󺰵ǿ쿴ϡ
˷׷תῴȥֻȫһɫϢƾˡ
ãˣϽˡ
ν񻯣ĳЩӵе״̬޻ὫڵȫʵڶʱΣЩȼ
Ȼֿ״̬ά̫ã޵ľ֮󣬿ģʽҲΪľ
ΪΣյĸãһǲἤ״̬ģΨΣյʱ򷽲ʩá
ֻ˵ǰ״Ѿʮ⣬ΨһʤҲֻн״̬ˡ
Ļ˶Ǿһ񣬻æˡ
Ȼû˳ĹΧѾ˦ȼŻľβ˺ɨȥ
״̬ľᣬٶȶһأټΧЩʴڸղŵдݻٴԾĹƺܿϮ˸ǰ
أ
죬Ⱥ󱻾ľβУһ󵹷ɳȥصײԶķʴϡ˵һе˵֮⣬˵ãѾ
ҵӵеؾΪǻ˵ĻػȻǷС
ɾܵסⲨƣ˵ȻʮΣգѾųصĲѸٶǱ
ûѳǸǰſѪڣֱžͽĸƽҧȥ
ɽ޴ͣ׶ӰƽɲǼ仨ʧɫ˾֮ɫ
Ե˶ѱﻹȥӪȸƽֻܵ۾žƽҧȥ
ۿŸƽҪɥ֮ڣɾΣʱ̣ᱳͻȻᡱһľ졣
˶ѭȥֻһâҫĽھıϣƬ𽣻еƬѺۣΧЩɫҲݲһƬ
ʹֽһԭƽԴһ˻ȻŤͷϮķȥ
ʱҲ˲ԶһʯϵǸꡣ
⣬ⲻҶֵŴһ
༸Ҳ֮ɫȻûϵΪǷ˵˾ȻҲӵŵؾΪҴӸղһӵеؾڵΪ
бΪʵĵȻǸƽˣ֮ǰ䳰ȷԷ󡲢ӶԷǸûΪķˡ£Էҡһ䣬ȻһΪߵǿߣεǣԼȻԷһ
û˿ȣеֻǷŭ
һֺ£ŤӴƬ֮嵽Ҷǿ֮£ӶβȻھ֮ϡ
䣡
£ұѿʯɢ
ҶأŸվȽŸһλӶβɨ
ҶѸذעβӭȥ
ᣡ
ذ׻Ľ𽣺;βڰս߿ƾеӣڽصͬʱβҲ˻ȥ
βΪҪϷƬӲȻҪԶʤಿλƬҶһֻβһۡ
һغϵĶԻŸոսǸջصβһεط˹ƣѸ͵ĹٶȿɽҶһݳɣҲֻٴξ𽣸񵲡
ᣡ
ذɵ˾Ĺƣβջغּ˹ơ
˸ƵʵĹҶѾӦԣذעľβѾϮǰҵײϡ
أ
ȻûбҶȴõףײһʯֹסơ
¡¡¡
ǼٳƵĽŲǰǻһ㣬ɿس嵽ҶǰվβٴϮ
ԾĿǰۺʵеؾԲˣҶ˵ΪͷʹĻٶȡ
һ˵޵Ŀ״̬ﳤ̵Ľģʽ״̬£ٶȣ״̬ٶȱõ޶ȵʹԭƱǿơ
䣡
βһĴҶϣҶ챳ʯ÷飬ҲʯС
ûͣЪβոջٴɨǶʯȥ
ǰҶȻ·磬ⲻ˵
ۿžβʯϣɾ˲䣬ʯͻȻһӰӰƼ죬գ֮ײ˾β֮ϡ
ײ˲ƺʲôҲûĹҲûбֹס߳βʯȥ
һ룬һ༱ٵġǡھβ
ٽβصĴʯϡ
ǣƺʲô۶ˡ
ţҵıԾ
һȴβ;ȻһأβɫҺӿβʯϻͺǱĵϵƵġ
һĻȫɵˣᾹȻԼβ͸ĶˣҲ̫˼˰ɡ
ʱġǡ
˺ܿ쿴ıſһڲĶڽζؿʳžƬ
⣬ⲻҶֵߵֻ𣿡羪°ͶѾˡ
ȻҲ˳뵽βǰǡǶȻ
Ȼղžṥ֮ǰβϵƬһֻҧˣԲŻػ֮۶ϡ벻ͨǣֻͨôҧöǸʵӲƬ
ҶǱĴʯ˳Ѿ޹⣬·΢һ顣
ᱳʳƬСڣҶ켴֮⣬֮С
Լа̱𹥻ʱСǱɱеһԱȣһﲻܳʲôҲˡ
ʳûãСڵĶѾŵùԲͺһ㡣˸ãƤһƤһ๾ࡱĴӾϹȥ֮Ŷ˯˴
˶ǿ
ҶĨ˰ѺϽ׼ָס
ʱľǿ֮ĩϻ氵ҲǲΡΡģ·ʱᵹ¡
¡
£һâҶָ䵯оԴϵ˿ڴ
أ
ԴըһĿӶһ̱ڵأһغ


338 쾳
ҶذףߵСڸǰֱڴ˹ȥ
Ƕû°ɣ˸ǰҶʵ
˶㶵ҡҡͷ
žƬ̺󣬺Ц̾ǸҶҶǰû뵽㾹ȻҲǵؾǿߣΪԶʤǡ
粻̫н֮ǰҹΪλ½⡣ҶЦЦ˵
ѵҶǰǴģ²
Ҷ˵ͷʵ˵ǣҸǰڽ磬û뵽һɳʦɢˡ˵̾˿ֵΪڽ粻̫ϤڽҲΪ
ԭѹҶǰڽ֮һ֪Ȼ
øл˽ôڽ¡Ҷм
û뵽羹ȻҶǰĿţҶǰͺΪڽ綼Ѿָˡ֮ɫ
ǺǣҲǻԵɺ֮²ߵһһ֮ǰƺҰɣǰʲôģ̫ŤҶ˵
ȻҲ͹ˡͷ˵Ҷֵܣǻʲôĵطұǡ
Ǿ뺫ָˡҶм
ָ̲ҵѧϰѡ׵
ڴڼ䣬ƽվһһﲻҶҲûָĵлҸղҲǿΪ˾ųֵġ
ǻǸϽȥֻ޺ȡ˰ɡҶѵ
Ҷֵܣֻ޺ʵΪɱҪ޺ˣȥǡ󷽵˵
ǰҶֵܣ㣬СɾͲˡҲ˵
ҲûЦŵ
ƽƲû˵ЩӣǸŮˡ
Ҷ˰֣ҲûãǸǰɡ
˵ţתǿźĢȥ
ҲͲٷϻϽΧԣʼжϵ
ҶĢϣİȡһľӣȻСؽ꺵ժŵﱣ
Ҷ콫ɲǣµĢͻȻһǻĩȻ̮ҺҶʱҪȻɵñЩʯĩˡ
˲֪£ҲûҶڸʲôãԹԵ֫žӴ塣
˲໨˰СʱŽ߾֫ϣЩܹĲλѾ˹ϷִʣµҲֻһѪˡ
֮˱뿪ʯ֣ԭ·ء
һ·ϣҶ򺫷˲ٹڽ£ݺĽ֪ڽ缸ȫͬ硣Ȼ֮Ҳ֮ΪڽûеܣȻûЩ߿ƼĻνף¿ЬЩƷǵôġ
ɳĮ죬Ҷڿ˾Υɫǰɳ̶ѾǺأһһһЩҶľ
ҶֵܣǰϼͿԿˡҶ˵
Ҷ룬˵Ǿڴ˷ֱɡ
Ҷֵܣ㲻ȥǰӱȽƫĳпɻһ·̡ѵ
һѰʧɢʦãԾͲһȥˡҶ˵
ȻˣҲͲǿˣҶֵܣڡȭǡ
ڡ
ĿȥҶûټӵķǰҲƬСɽȥ
֪µʱȥˡ
ɽеһƬСɽҶӭ;Ϊؼʱ̡
Ԫĸ£ЩɢȫϸѾʵɱ䣬һָ߽׵ʽԪ
˿̣Ԫȫϸ˳ȫľۣл۳ΪһСɫνԪҲ쾳ǿߵ
Ҷ۾һ
ʱ׻Ժ
Сӣϲ̤С׻˵磬쾳ΪԪԪַСֱǣС˫󵤾
Сôһ㶯ҲûأһΪѾˡԴ̤ڽ׻ʹû֨ҲûӦҶΪǱŸͷˣͻȻˡ
ӱҲڱչͻơ׻͵
ʲôչأҶ콫ԪС
׻ֳԭͣͷȷʵ֮ǰִһ
ȻѾԶʱˡ׻˵
һûͳɶͯˣٶȥҪ˶ɾ͵ñͷˡǰ׻꣬Ҷ٩
ɲЩٹ꣬Ҳܱͷӡ׻Ȼ
Ըɪȥɡ˵ţҶݳع
׻꾹ȻҲ˳ƮҶǰ
Сӣԣ࣬ǲֽʲôؾˡ׻ڿһȦҶʵ
ڽ磬൱һ硣Ҷڻش
˼ӦǺ֮ǰǸؾƵĿռ䣬ֻǱж޷Ǹؾһɡ׻˵
ʱСڱıĴӲݴ˳ձĵҶǰز׻Ĵڡ
󣡡СھǼƵģҶ¶¶СԴһηؿſе׻ꡣ
һĻҶ̲Цһµƺң㡣
׻һĶҶ¶СڣҶʵСӣСһʲôʱʼһģ
ܾǰͺһˣѵû𣿡ҶЩ⣬Сʱ׻궼ܹ֪õ˵ҲӦܸ֪СڵĴڲǡ
׻ȴҡҡͷʵץģ
ӼһǷġҶʵ˵
ԭˡ׻˵ͷ
ССһӦҲ֮ɣҶʵ
׻˵ͷ˵ȷʵ֮һһޡ
ѵֻһʥޣҶ׷ʵ
ҲʲôʥޣһּΪ֣ΪޡҵǶĴڣҵûɡ׻͵
ѹô㣬ȻޣӦаɣҶЩǵʵϾĳʶνɲʲôö
ǵδأǼһΪȴаҲֻǸͳѣƶ֮֡׻˵
׻ô˵Ҷ쵹ҲҲɿԣƶһħһһħ
˵ˣɵȻˡԱϣ׻һâҶ塣
׻ʧƬ̣С̽Դ̽Ѱһ׻ӰŰĵĴҶڴ˳
˵һԴϴοʳֻƬ֮ͷһСƬëȻɫ˵Ľ⣬طûʲô쳣ҶҲû̫⡣


339 ɳ
£ڳɹ̤쾳ҶãվſһԪܣϸع۲
ԪܳΪɫܵɫвͬȻһΡ
ԪܺҶо׾ĵڶ㷨׾
׻˵ⱼ׾Ҳ;׾һӵܣֱǱ׻ͱײмȿɱˣֿ
ʱҶ콫ױ׾Ϥһ飬ڱײܣҶ쵹ͦõģʩչƬ֮ݳ׾롣Ψһź̫ԪĿǰ쾳ڵΪܸ޷
ڱնܣûкʵĲҲ֤ݹϵĽܣӦһļܡ
ʱ֣Ҷڶ뿪ɽȣŸСȥ
ȻΪѾ̤쾳öΪҲûˣҶժǵ쾳ǿߵѹ̫ǿϢһǵؾԲǿҲ޷
ʮӣҶӵĴǰ
ɸʵΧǽΧΧǽƽשɣǽϳ͵̦޺мѾɶӦͦˡ
ɳĮֻ߽һţ׼˰أбһƾɵңͷѾģ壬ϸǿԱϳ
ɳӵ֣νʵɳĮԵȻǱɳϮ
ʱŴʱ߳ǳȺӵģΪڵؾ
Ҷĳ˲ٵĿ⣬Ϊڣͷһңڼ仹һЩƵĿҶ
·˶ԼҶʶԼڵȫؤ
ҶƤȽϺãûЩĿ⣬ͦأҡڵȥ
һ־󣬺ѽһɳĮƫƧС
Ļ֮ˣҵؾǿ߲ؾԲ쾳ǿȴһҲ
ڴԵЩſڣָߺ
ס޴סһ죬⻹;Ʒ
סĹ˿Ͷлμӳ齱ƷḻҩġӦоУнʰٷ֮٣ʧʧ
һһƣ߹·ҪƷȫĲֻ꣬벻ģû򲻵ġ
ջʣȿɿڣ۸ˮѣӭҽá

ҶһɨЩ󲿷ֶǿջǲ꣬ϵӵĵλãҶҲ׹ˡ
ȻӵشɳĮ߾ĳһ·̣ôЩҪԽɳĮһ㶼ڴŲһҲγǰⷬͬʱҲΪλôĵؾǿߡ
ʱ緹ʱ䣬ԵĿջƮʳζҶһ˼ĭԼǱƽĶӣԼһͭҲû
֪ЩʯˡҶڵƺʲô͵һԴôԼְҵأۿְҵåԷõŻǮֱӳ˾͵¡
˵ţҶͦţŰŸһҿջȥ
ջſӭӿ˵ĵСս͹ͽתͷȴһڵؤȥ
ؤأֵطɲܽȥģϽһȥСƴߵĽҶϵ˴ϡ
ȥү蹷ۿ˵ͣӴһ±˧ˡҶ߷
񾭲Сһ䣬Ȼߺˡ
ӣȺúһҪȻͶûóˡҶ˵ţͬʱ˫ҵͷ
ʱԶԶǰһҽջĵ쳣ĺ𣬵ſдӿ
Ѳµ꿪òͣҶ۾һǼҿջȥ
ҶʵȻǲѴ֮㼷˿ջ
ֻջҲΪ˵ǿеӣǿ
Ҷ׼һ̨λãǵسһǰͷλ
ϻӣݹȻһɫˣҶЩͷԡ
ɾɻ֮ʣҲĹ̨һ㶯Ǯߣӭٴι١
ҶŤͷȥ
һȺ˵ȥһ崿˵ǰ
ȻòǼҶѾͷģȴܼƽصѣòе׹䷲һ㳬ס
ѹֻô˿ӿһеġҶ׹
ٿǰ꣬ǶĿתضŹ̨λŮϰЦ⣬ˮˡ
Ҷ쵱ȻЩûŮļһλŮϰͼۺջĿ⣬ӶûţҲûŮ
СƣСˡҶߺȵ
ϣΪ̫æСӦ˾䣬ҪȻҶ⸱ؤģ˵Ҳðš
˴СʱСڴҴææض˾Ʋˡ
͹ãʽ˵һת뿪
ҶζƲˣʱʱλŮϰϼۣƿŮֱܡ
ƹѲ˹ζ
ҪҶԵ߷ֱʱ߽
ǰͷһŻĹӸ磬ӵΪԼĪʮӣﻹŰȲͣҡţмϲӵķ緶
λģĸͳһҲһɫΪ
ƺвϳȺˣͷӶ
Ӵҡڵߵ˹̨ǰŹ̨ŮϰڵЦʵãæýͷöģ費ҪҰæأ
ŮƳһۣûҾǰæˡǰλӲûʲôøС
ô˵ʵ͸ˣæԷʱϹϣܸḺƤЦ˵
Ҫæﻹվ˵ôϻŮӰ˰˵
һͷӷԸվŸϽæȥ
ʲô⣬гĻӦԳ֡ŮӲм
һתЦǸҽ˺ˡ˵űƨƨߵҪ̨ȥ
ŮӼƣæߵ̨ǰŸסüϽ߰ɣٸˡ
ãĻأĳҪءһţһ˵
ҲҪæϽ߰ɣˡŮӴκ˵
ֻҪӦҹͣʹߡƤ˵
£̨ǰѾ˺üλȴ˵Ĺ˿ͣŮǼò֪롣


340 Ӻ
Χв˿һĻǶܷ߿ȴû˸ǰӣΪܶ˶ϵнļһ
ɳֻһǱǽҡ
ͳηɳвͷʵҲֻǸС壬ΪߵǼӵеؾԲΪȻû쾳ǿ򣬵ؾǿߵΪ١
ټϷɳشƫƧĶһЩɢɢͽˣЩȻҵﱾ
ǷɳƦ٣ΪߣΪȴţȺƣϷҸŮżҲᱻЩ֪ݵ·˽ѵ
Դջפɳ˿ջĳͣȻɲǹò͵ģΪ椣ΪϰŮλɫˡ
ҲûޣҪɳ⣬ȻͲܵλҲܲ˽ôߡ
ԭŮǾ׬Ǯ뿪ɳȥ⣬ϣǰһָͻȻԲڴԲѡһǵǨ֮¸ˣŻöһ˳ҵꡣ
Ů˵һ޵ĹҪǣͷţ˫ش£;
£ԽҪһʱ֮䲻֪Ǻá
ҶȻ֪еĻǰһĻʵڿȥһϧˣȻῴһλεεСˣһְСåϷŪ
СڣȥѵѵǼһҶϵСڷԸ
󣡡С˷ܵؽһݣ뿪Ҷļ򣬲ڸϽԾ±˹̨ϡ
ţ˳Ź̨ܵ˽ϣСһţһҧ˽ϣҧ

ҽһѪð
󣡡Сͷϣӵ㵸
СҧӣӲƤŭһ̧־ԴһģȻСȴ룬һԼϣʱĵͷĿѣ
󣡡СԱһϣҡŴβơ
ñףĸºȵɵŸȥСץ
ŷӦȿֺСȥ
ȻǵٶȾԲץסСڣСڶأܣˣת湻֮ܳ˵š
׷ץֻ󣬱ӻԼĸֻץסһ
׷ź󣬽ҲûˣŶȥ
ﾲ˺һһЦźָֻ̬ܿ
ȥһæͶ뵽Уæҵĸ̨ǰһȺ˿ͽˡ
ûãСڲ֪ð˳ԾҶϣĸҲû׷ѾСڸ˦ˡ
СһͦҶСڵСԴЦ޵
СڼԻһЦСһֵҡŴβ͡
ȻѾԱ㣬Ҷ첢ûмȥֱĹ˿ߵòˣ̨ȥ
Ҷߵ̨ǰžѾˣӯӯЦ͹٣һʮҡ
Ҷӣε˵ǸҵǮ͵ˣԡ
ûҶ˵ȥԱһλ̽˵ӴĻǳʲôǮ͵ˣҿѹƭƭȵؤɣ˵䣬ĿҶɨ˺ü飬ϵıƻ
ĺˣҲ˵ģҿڵ㹤ǮʲôϴɨصĻҶԸɡҶ°˵˵Ҫջ򹤵Ļô
һԺλƯС˳Ϧ飻ڶЩ֮ˣԴǿе£ҲͿԺܿ˽İˡ
򹤣ĵس˳Ҷ죬˼ҾǵǮҲûᣬؤ쿪
֮ǰǳⷬ治ǴģŵòҪǮҲΪ档
ˣ߰ɡŵû̫ΪҶ졣
ӾͲˣС㣬ôܾôˣƭƭȵѾһˣҪǶôˣǻ׬ʲôǮء
壬ҿȷʵûǮӣ˵ֲҪ´㹤Ǯߣǻôء˵
ƭƭȵˣӦúúýѵһ٣ԡŭĿҶ졣
壬Ҳûκκô˵ÿ˶ѵʱҲûҪ̫źȰ
С㣬Ϊ̫̫Խǻ쵰Ż㡣ͲҪˣÿСɱӺЩĴҵļһ֪ƭƭûк³ġ˵ţͷµ󡢰Ͻ
ܿǿ׳ӺԺ˳
ǰͷǸΧȹӣļһһ߽˫ʪΧȹϲţһʵ壬ʲô¶أ
Сӳ԰ͣϽȥڱһ١
壬˰ɡŽ̨ܳȰ˵ͬʱҶߴٵ㻹ǸϿ߰ɡ
ŶҶ˵ͷȻתſȥ
С㣬첻ūūҲҪݺݽѵ쵰ǿ˵깤ԸϽȥסˡ
ǰƳ԰͵¼Ҳ٣ɶΪĴ֮ΣԭΪ֮ǰǰ¶һӵϳ԰͵Ҷ죬Ȼһ
ķԸ깤ȥҶΧ
ۿһսҪɾʱҶ¶˯СĴӶܳʵҶϣΧġ󡱽ţʾ
һ۱ϳСڣ۾һһǰȥȵⲻǸղҧ˽ֻ𣿡
СԻص˵СԴһЦ
һĻŶʱĸԷģ̫ɰˡ
СڵذСԴ
Ŵ󵨵ǰȥСԴҶ쿴ĽѣͷĴˡ
Ƭ̺Ҷʵĳ𣿡
ҵĻ顣Ҷش
̫ˡ̾˵ֻͷ˵壬ղֻСҸ˽ҲǰҴæԻ㲻ҪΪλ͹ˡ
̾˿ڰ̡֣
ղŶֻСҪȻҿɶ֪ǺˡŸСĴβͣһм˵
ҿǼһһӻģҪС㲻ҰɣʱǼһٸҹĻһ԰ҲҪǮֻҪܳԿڷˡҶϿҵ


341 ɢ
룬Ҳ壬ҪǾɣʱЩæһҲһ
ҪСǾ°ɡͷҲص˵
ͬ⣬ŻͷЦӯӯ˵ڵ﹤ɣǮһǻճġ
лСҶм
ˣʲôأʵ
½Ҷ죬СڡҶܵ
Ҿͽ㰢ˣҽţλǵܹдͿˣǰǰǰ깤ʱԼϤɡҶܵʵˣӣӦûûطסɣ
ҶЦʵ˵С㣬ڴˣ޷ģ޶
룬˵Ժﻹһķ䣬ʰһ£Ժסˡ
û⡣Ҷͷ
ţҶϴһȦȴȥϴѰɡ
Ǿ鷳СˡҶ˵
ǣ˵һȻʹҶ뿪˿ջ
·ϣҶŴС㣬֪ǰûпһúƯﱧһֻСŮأ
Դһҡͷûʲôأ
ãɳĮɳɢˡҶ¶֮ɫ
Ҳ̫ˣһƽġſο
Ҷ˵ͷתƻʵС㣬Ǽҿջһ˿𣿡ɲƾһܿҿջ
ҵģֻԲڴԲꡣϸɫ
õʲôأҶʵ
ҡҡͷȻҲ֪˺öû
С㣬ҽ裬ͷԸ㸸ƣû׼ҳˡҶ˵
𣿡۾һܿȴְȥƺҶû̫ϣӣǵһЦ˵ǻȥ鷳ҵɡ
ţҶڴӦ
˵䣬Ѿһҷװꡣ
ҷװ꿴Щûʲô·ĿʽҲǴͬС졣
ڵ·˱˿ջ
ʫŴҶԺ˵죬ȥϴ軻ϸɾѰɣҰѷ
ҶӦһȻʫŵָʾԡȥ
ϴһɾѣھǰͷһ˵ľòȻһ¡
߳ԡңŶһˮһ˳
죬ѾѡŻ˵һͻȻסˣͺаһ㣬ؿҶ졣
⸱ӣҶʵûϴɾ𣿡
źܿعһ죬æĿҶƿûûУֻǸо˸Ƶġ
С˼ǣұӢ˰ɣҶЦ
ˣҴ˵Ѿʰɾˡ˵ű첽ȥ
Ҷ߽俴˿ⷿ䲢Ǻܴڷֻһ㱡ľ壬ľϻмѺۣʱܻᵹӡһľ֮ªķ䣬˯֮⣬Ҳûˡ
һȦҶ뿪ȥ˿ջ
мλ깤æµţĲɨصɨأﻹڲˣ˺ĹȻҲˡ
Ҷߵ̨ǰ̨Ŀ˵С㣬ȥ㸸׿ɡ
㻹ῴԱߵɵĿҶʵ
汲ҽģȻ̸ҽмҶⷬԵмԴ󣬵ʵѾʮǫˡ
ЩɣҲû˵ʲôͷˡ
ŽõĿŽ룬Ȼ̨߳ҶԺһ
ҲǺܴ󣬲ҾߵʮȫŶһһľľһӡ
ʮӣ˫Ŀգӡ÷ڣϢҲԵʮ΢
һ⸱ӣҶüͷֻõĿɲһĲ
죬λҸסߵǰǵؿŴϵӡ
Ҷ˵ǰץָ֣˰
Ƭָ֣֮ɫԵüء
Ҷ飬Դʧ˵죬ҲòǿҪû취ˡʵԭû̫ϣ
㸸ײΪɢԲŻԲѡҶ˵
ɢǿ𣿡ƶǶʵ
Ҷ룬ӿڴȡһƿ񵤣ָȻץ۲
֮̾˿ɿָ֣̾ϢȻûЧָѾͨҩƵˡ
Ѿβ𣿡Ȼʵ
βãֻǻЩ鷳Ҷش
۾һϲʵа취κҵ𣿡
Ҷ첢ûлش⣬ʵ㸸ôȾ֢ģ
ǰȥɽϲɲҩڶˡϵĴ˵ҲֹƵĲ֢Щ˶ʮζ۾졣
ȷʵˣ֮ڻòεĻ㸸׿ܾûˡҶɫص˵ϵĲֻ֢Ҫһа취ϵĴ˾ûôˡ
Ҷ̲ⷬסĹ䣬ҲǱ˺飬ϣֻиһǸˣȥҲûˡ
ڻûʱȥֽҸ㿪ӡҶԸ
Ų˲ᣬ˵ͷת߳䣬ûãֽ˻
Ҷӹֽʣˮд˼ζҩ֡
ӧػݡݡ
Щƻ굤ҩ
дҩҶ콫ֽݸţ˵ֻҪЩҩ㸸׻оˡ
Žӹҩ˿˵Ͼȥ򡣡
Щɲһҩģҩ֪𣿡Ҷѵ
ҩ룬ϵĺ̻Ӧû
Ҳĺ̻᣿ҶԳԾ룬ƫƧСĺ̻ķֲôĺ̻ҲͿɼһˡ
ţŵͷ
Ǿٺòˣˣ㸸׻֮ǰȥɽأȥҶʵ
ƬɽĴ˵ǰЩƲ֢ˣΪȥɽԵʣ죬㻹ǱȥðˡŲĵȰ
ҶЦЦ˵ĺˣһڸϻġ
Ҳ˼ֻǵΣաЩǵ˵
ⷬƺмְĳɷ֣Ҷ֪ɲΪĴ氮˵ⷬΪ̫ԱˣҲһô˵ġ
ܴһλŮⷬҶﻹͦġ


342 г
ҵȥҳ㸸׻ԵԭҪ㸸ףǾͱȥҶɫ˵ָֻܼɢŵ»ԣȴ֪ɢԭΪ깥괴ˣʹû굤ĳɹʻܴ󣻵ΪжԭĻǾҪ鷳һЩˡ
ҶⷬŵɫԵЩԥ
ҶЦЦ˵ڶ˵ΪҪӦĸףֻеһͣûʲôԥġ
һǲ뿴ΪҸȥðաΪѡ
ɵŮˣ̫ҪԿġҶѵ
㲻ҲһɵΪһزʶ˶ȥðΣաƲƲ죬
Ҷ㶣һЦ˵ҿû˵ôֻΪֵãԲôȥ
ҲΪֵãԲŵġű
ǺðɣҲȥˣ㸸ȥˡҶʼ˵
Ҫô룬Ҳġ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ̾ϢѾɵҩɾˣ߰ɣȥĺ̻תת˵ţתȥ
ſ첽ϣʵ㻹ǾҪȥ𣿡
ǰһҲûѹ㸸ˣ㻹ΪġҶ˵
㲻ǻ˵ҪǳˣҲĵġ˵
ֻһ˹ǰҲѹɣҶڵ
ǵȻˣҲһСŵ
ҶĨ
ţűҶĺ̻ȥ
ɳȻֻһƫƧС򣬵ҲôСֵཻﳤټÿʿţӻȽ֡
ջţĺ̻ϲͽߵʮӡ
˰Ƭ̣ſ˵죬ҽôҰֲ֮ǰϿһҽݰɡ
Ҽй棬ҽβĲգҲòſʲôҽݡҶ˵
ôôֵļҹأѧҽΪʲôأɻʵ
ҼŵѵҽҶڻش
ҪƶˣǻʲôءŲ
ǰԼ¶̸μءҶ̾Ϣ˵ҪĿɲʲôǸ
ȻǸˡЦ޵
ҶЦѵòҪҵƭˣ˧ĲһǺˡ
ֻ˵ĵûκιϵű
˼ҳúѿˣҶ׽Ū
ҿûô˵ŵ
Ǿ˵ҲҳúӢˡҶЦʵ
һ죬ҶƳƳ˻ôԼġ
Ҷüͷһ˵ֻʵʵ˵ҳԼ˧ԼǺˣЩɶʵ
㶼Ǹĺˡ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ̾ϢֻΪԼ̫Ҳñ˶ġ
ᰡͲǺˣЩ캦֮¡ü߷ߵ˵һӡ
ԭһЩ£ôңҶ˼ˡҶЩƵ˵
ʲôأźؿҶ졣
Ҷ˰֣˵ˣҵĸԶȥɡȻ߶ԷŮ֮Ļˡ
ŵҲû׷ʡ
˰Ƭ̣Ҷʵ㳤ôƯӦҸǮ˼˲ǣﻹŸ˲أ
̸ۼ޿һӵ£ôءŻش
ҸĶأҶʵ
ŵҲܻⷽ⣬һ߻ţһ˵Ҫһһ⣬ģҪϴҺڣҪǣҪġ
ҶĨ˰ѺҪ˵һһ⣬ȫҲֲﵹǿأϴʲôǱķ£ҺڵȻûģһȻԷ˵ҪԼ˵ԼѾˡ
ۺһ㣬ֻǿܷһٵĻҲʹڼˮƽ
ûʲôϣˡҶҡͷ̾Ϣ
һЦʵļûأ
Ĳ˵ϴһͿ԰ˡҶ˵
ҪرĻǿԷſء˵
Һڵ㵽׿ԽĵزǲǶԷſأҶЦʵ
ǿɲУһһǱģҪȻҲûáɫ˵
ҶƲƲ죬ֹѾûϷˡ
ǰϲŮأͻȻʵ
µȤÿɹ㷺ˣһ˵ֻҪСƯԷſҶٺЦ
һЦôòȡأƯɲһĵ
ðɺðɣǾټɡҶΪѵ
ǾףҵǵŮӡЦ˵
ҲףСҵɾҶҲЦףԸȻɲöԷɾԼ
˵䣬ѾִĿĵء
ĺ̻ˡָ·һĴ˵
ҶŤͷȥһ۱㿴ĸĶƽ֡
˽Ųûͣ£߽˴š
ǰһ̳䲼ֺЩٻ̳һһݺύĹһŵɣֻЩĲ·ЬӣǸʽġ֮ࡣ
ʱַ̳ǷߺȽ˷͸гһ
Ҷ컹ǵһμгҪִǰĽ׻׳ۡ
̾Ƭ̺Ҷ˵Ǵұ߿ʼҰɡ˵ţŵ֣Ҳһȥ
ʵŵֻ֣ľٶΪǰŮһʱϰټ̳˱Ƚ϶࣬Ļɢ
ľֹɽΪˣһţȻЩΪ飬ֲ˼ڣһҲֻεɶԷš
ҶȫûʶǰΣעѾԵĿƷˡ
̳Ϊĵ꣬ĵ࣬רŷĵĵ꣬רŷĵҩĵꡣ
ĵ֮⣬һЩߡҩĵ꣬з޺޵ĵ̡
һ˺ܿҵһռҵ棬ģͦҩĵꡣ
λ͹ҪʲôȻʮæµһλԱӴ
Žҩݸ˷Ա
Աӹһ˵ӧ֮⣬ҩ궼С
ʵҶϵһ㣬ӧһȽϡ٣;Ǻܹ㣬ƻ굤ҩ֮⣬ҲֻԪ鵤һζҩԪ鵤쾳׶εĵҩƫƧСȻܻ߽᷷ҩ


343 о
Ա⻰Ҷ쿴ȥҪȥĵ꿴ɡ
ûҶش𣬷ԱѵѾ̳ҩȫһˣûеҩǾұ̳Ҳҵõ
Աǲ˵󻰣Ҷ֪̳ȷʵҲӧζҩġ
Ƭ˼Ҷ˵ǰǰ༸ζҩɡ
û⣬λԵȡԱ˵űŵӳ̨ȥ
죬ʣζҩȥأЩǵʵ
ȥתתɣҪʵҲʱ취Ҷ˵
Ҳֻܵ˵ͷ
ûãԱһ˸ǰλ͹٣Ҫҩˣһ3ʯ90ҡĴ˵ȥ
ӧ֮⣬༸ζҩļ۸񶼲㰺󣬲ͨ˵Ѿͦˡ
ȻΪ˾ԼĸףСǮʲôźԥȡĿʯݸ˷Ա
ȷԱ10Һ˱뿪̣̳
źǣ˹̳ʱҩĵ꣬նûҵӧ
ɥӣҶҪȥҰɡ
û˵ֻʧص˵ͷ
˳̳ȥڿߵſڵʱȴǰΧһȺˣǷʲô¡
˶һۣ첽˹ȥ
ʱȺΧȦмĵϣһͷ׵ߣɫ࣬ԲѡԻһ꣬ɫһ֪ӡ
һĻԱһλʵ壬λ˼ҳʲôأ
ҲФܹžͻȻ赹ˡӻش
Ҷ쿴ȥԽʵ죬˵᲻ǲ赹أ
ʮа˾ɡҶͷ˵
ϽȥɡæȰ
ļӣҶ̾˿˵ͷ
ȻҪǰʱȺͻȻһºһãϽһã
Ⱥܿÿһһһλ米ҩ˽
һߣλФܹԵϽФܹܿ
˵ߵФܹܸǰҩץФܹ֣ܵ
֮󣬺üͷ̾һФܹڴѪѾˡ
ⷬΧ˶ҡͷ̾ϢΪλФܹܸеźҲ۾ģһѹӡ
취ȾФܹܰɡФܹԵ
ǰФܹܻûأҲ취ȾҲ
ˡϷΪФܹĿǰǻ٢ҲεúˣǻǸϽ׼°ɡ˵̾˿Ȼҩȥ
ɾںߵȺʱͻȻһӵоȡ
ŲһͣͷȥȴһФܹԣץФܹܵڰӣȻҶ졣
ԷֻһС꣬Щõ˵ˣɲҪ޵ķʸ
ڻţ㻹û־͸̣ǲ̫ˡҶ쿴ָ
Ȼ粵Ϸҽͷȹ˱Թķ࣬ФܹܻһϣϷ
Ȼ˵ˣФܹѾûþˡ
ǰҽӹɵģЩҽҲ
Фܹƽʱͦģû뵽ͻȻôˡ
Χ̾ϢȻ˶źϣФܹѾǱˡ
ȻҶȴһЦô˵Ǿҽûˡ
ҶⷬΧʱžϸһƬŭɫ
ϷҽΣɳ˶һֲδɵëͷСͷ㡣ȳ
ϵȺҲ׷ָҶԲѡ
ҶҲٸִȡ˼ö룬ּФܹܵԴϡ
ҶϬĶΧȺְҲһɡ
ҶѸעתԼٶÿһöţԱЩûΪͨѾ޷ֻ֣ÿһöϿһֵֻĲӰкüֻͬʱһ㡣
ַֻ̲̾ݵ۵ɵùԲһգգضФܹͷǼö롣
תһ˿˿Ѫ˳ФܹԴܿ죬ФܹͷЩͷѱѪȾ죬ҶϵĶûֹͣ
ԼʮңѲѪФܹԴЩѵѪҲѾ޸ƣҶ֣ȡ¡
Էȡ룬˵ĿⶼФܹܵϣǶڴФܹ۾ֻǶһƤ
ɹãФܹҲûѵĺۼ˲ҽ˻ɡ
ѵΪղŴѹ̫õԵʣҶ찵˼ԭҲΪЩѪųФܹӦû϶ԷǾþδѡ
뵽һ㣬ҶץФܹܵٴ
ʱΧѾ˿ʼָҶװǻƣŪ顣
ȴһľ֮̾ɫФܹûܱȻԶԷ֮ǰǷַѾԽ塣
Ƭ̰Ҷѻ϶ФܹΪܻѪѹ̫ãԲŵʶδָܻӶȡһ񵤣ιФܹܷȥ
Ƭ̣ФܹܿȻ͸ûƵģӵ˿ҲǾӵӡ
һ̣ȫˣոջжˣʱȻֻˣ޴ķɶǵ˲ٵĳ
ҶΧʲôΧôˣФܹЩɻ
ФܹܣոͻȻ赹ˣλҽȻˡԱһǰФܹܣָҶ͡
ǰФܹܣλҽ֣ǿɶΪûءһ˵
Фܹһʱ֮仹ûӦоԼͦģɲǴ󲡳ӡ
ʱߵҶǰϹϾظһ޵СҽҽȻֱ٢ϷͶء
ˡҶ˰֡
ʱΧһƬŸȵؿҶ죬֮ǰѼʶҶҽȴûϵҽǰĵز뵽ϵĸףʱϣţǰһҲܽκá
ФܹƺǺ׵ӣϸؽ͵Фܹܣ֮ǰΪ­ڴѪ赹ڵأһߣϷҽε£ҵλСҽ֣ŽӹŹ˻
ⷬФܹ׹ϽҶϹлҽ֣Ϸмҽк󾡹ܿڣֻҪϷܼģ㡣


344 ǽ
ФܹܿˣβշģФܹվҲֻ˵þҶ󷽵л
ҽʩԴǲܱ㣬ϷɹⲻȥФֵܹܼ
ĻҶתһ룬ʵФܹܿĺ̻ܹܣ
ǣҽҪܷԸǡФܹ˵
ģѰӧФܹܰæҵĻǾٺòˡҶû˵
ӧФܹüͷ𣬵ƺԪ鵤ĸҩɣ
ûôҶ˵
ҽԪ鵤ЩҩĻϣгһٷһ丨ҩȻҲͺˡФܹʵ˵
ФܹⷬŶʱ¶֮ɫҶҲͬüͷ
ѵҲû𣿡Ҷʵ
ȷʵʵФܹܵͷ˵
죬Ǹôأżöˡ
Ҷû˵ҲһżҲӧζҩģǾû취ƻ굤ûл굤ҽٸҲ޲ߡ
żӣФܹ룬˵ӧȻгϺٷĺ̻ҪѰζҩҲ£ֻҪʱ䡣
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ѵû취𣿡ҶҲֻܽϣλܹˡ
нٰÿһȵᣬʱдʿۼڴˣ󻹿Խ˵ĳЩʿͲдҩϾгϺչӧһЩʿǾõҩҲ˽ԲšФܹ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ҳֻˡ
ҽģϷ߾ܰģһϢ֪ͨ㡣Фܹ˵
Ǿ鷳ФܹˡҶл
ӦõģӦõġФܹЦҡͷʵ֪ҽ־ӺδʱϷβϵ㡣
ջͿҵˣҽҶ죬ФܹܻǱҽˡҽƺҶƺѾˡ
УϷƺҶҽǡФܹܵͷ
Ҷ캹ղѡ
ȥ·ϣһĲɵӡ
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ǺǣȻҲ֪Լ˧ҽָȫŵ㣬һֱǺǫģСԺǲҪˣҪȻһᵣòġҶ޳ܵ˵
һЦҿŵƤ˻ôԿġ
ԭƤҲŵ㣬ѾҲȱˡҶ˵
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ҶһС㣬ٿңҿҪˡ
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ҹʱ֣ȿǶ߹ˣſ
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죬æɶˡŹͷЦ
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ϸҲ⣬˵ΨһȥͶҪΨһûˣָôӺδѰ·


345 
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346 
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Ƭ̵ĴϢ󣬺״̬ѾָҲһضҶ죬ѵһԪ壬ȻҲԼĿǰ״̬ʧβͺѾ޷ٻûΣȻҲû취ʩչȻ֮˵ҪǰѾЩѡ
˾Ƭ̺Ҷȳ֣âذ˲仯߳𽣣ź̶ȥ
˦βǰɱ㽫𽣵ĹƵ
еȱѲԶǰֻ˺ǣҶɴذףٳһԪȻ׼ָףõָ̽Էʵ
ԷѸչβҶ췢ơ
β£Ԫδ֧Ƭ̱ȻҶĵָҲѾ׼ϡ
¡
âźϮȥæβطβǰ۳һܲ͸ķ
䣡
â˺βͣ£ը÷˳ȥ󲿷ֵβ͸
һȻδܶԺʵԵ˺ҶȴǴʵ
ݳɣϽϵĳ׵ȡ£ͬʱڵԪǿբйһ㣬ȫӿȥ
ܿ죬ҶѲһ˿ϸ΢âеĳ׵â䣬Ե쳣񱩡
ĿֲסƵĺβ𹥻ȴϣҶƴȵþһ̡
ں˦βҶ켲ϮȥʱҶӰһ¡һ˾ǻһ׵źϮȥ
ȺΣβط֮ʱȻΪʱҶѾȰǰĳ׵˳¡
һǱ׾ĹʽնһԶ̳εĽʽȻҪȾ׾һΡ
أ
׵ʵʵںϣâֱͻ͸ĵϻһĿӶ
Ҷţ̶ֳȵĹѾԽǰֻУҲΪʮİգŸðս
ǾҶΪսѾʱ׻ͻȻԺСӱ⣬ÿβͶԵһ
׻ⷬҶһ飬׼ʱһβȻܿͽƵøƵġ
˷ܵ飬촽Ҷ쿿
Ҷ£ֽŶסá
Σʱ̣СԾҶϣСһţԻǹٶȷɿؿʳβ͡
Ƭ̣Ҷβѱʳ룬Ҷʩչײ֮⡣


348 
СڿеֻʣһĶβûάƬ̣㻯ӫɢһգһֻʣβ͡
βͱҧܣѾ׼ŭ˫ȼŭ۾ݺݶŲԶǶԲĹĵСڡ
СڣҶСڽл
СŴӣǵҶȥ
ûܼ̽βൽ˰ա
СڣҶ쾪һĳ浶ŷâ
նŭ£֮Ȼ𣬳׵ʮ׳âź¡
ؾСǰһ
ҶͷһæҵĽҲһƲն֮Ӻ䣬ڵϡ
䣡ɲǼâʯɣ汻һ߳Ĺ֡
ֻƻĺꡣյҶ߷
СڱԷɵƣҶ˵Ǽ൱ֵ¡
֣޼ɵҶ췢˹ʣβ糤һϮҶ졣
ҶӶ׵ҿæҵصֵβĽ
غѾϽ࣬һβݺУ˵ɳȥ
ڸû취չȥԼð󡣡ǱҶüͷ˼
ǭ¿֮ʣͻ
ֻСڶͷǵͻȻҫ۵Ľâ˫Ҳתţֻǰ֫ϵצӹ쳤⵶һͬʱȫëȻӲβ֮С
ʹһɿβ͡
СغǵûӴܣֱ𹥻ֻ޳צڿѸһӰ
Ѹپβᵲǰ
ৣ
Сڵצвһ㣬׾ٵж˺һβ͡
һҽʶԷԥذβеһԵȥ
ʳβͣһȦҲȼȵ𣬿һ
Сû˿
һţһ
ڰյС޴ֻܻצŻȥ
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צ֮һط߱ķѣĴɢ
ߺСڼźȥ
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һΣСڵצû׿Ϻβͣצβ֮ʱϡһײڿеСӦ󵯷ɡ
ҪС׷ȥͻȻ䣬ƺʲôȻŤͷҶ췽ȥֻԷ˫־ǰʮָڽӡӡ
ΪޣӡȻʮϤûСڣҶȥ
ںǰɲǣҶָָͼţâէ֣âкͼ˳ƳϢĴںϡ
ᣡ
Щ̼ɢһա
ʱҶǰ˫Ȼ˫âҶ΢΢һҲ֮һ
֪Լ깥ֻסԷƬʱ䣬û˿ĳɣβ漴̽ݺݴҶؿڣͬʱ˵ڵء
Ҷʶܿѹ£Ͼ˼ؿڵƣΪԪǿ壬ԪҵĹơ
ҶԪȻЩԷӲƴĻһᱻڣΨһ̵ıǰľ
žĵУԪܵ˲СĳδũؾЩһĶӣϾԪҪЩǿࡣ
ԪǿžĵĳҶԪơ
ǰƿɽҶһ׻ǼһƺѾƣ˯״̬
һ֮ʣԪͻȻܵԹһ㣬ҽһһա
ʶع壬ҶȻСڵצһҺ˴СͮͮӣԴϲһȭͷĿѪӿ
СһţֱӽӸȥ
ʲôҶȫȻ֪ƺƣ˫Ϯ£ǰһڣ˹ȥ
ٴʱԼһİķлһŨŨҩζ
ţоԼƺץţŤͷһȴһֻϸ۵ֵֻ֣ţʱſڴ˯㡣
˯ݣҶҪǰһڵĳ嶯ؿڵƲô
Ƭ̺۾ķʼˡ
ķٶױȵģرΪԪ˿ϵٶȸһ
ûãѾȬŻû
ҶСĽִĳȻḧžӣϸ⻬Ĵһ
ǸƯŮˡҶ޵
Ҷĸ֮£źܿѹ
죬Ҷϲ֮ɫ
أҶջʵ
ǺҽݡŻش
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СڴȥɽġŽ͵
Ҷ˵ͷʵСһû°ɣԼǵСƺʳ˺
䣬һԴˣû£Сڲ֪ð˳ŵļϡ
Ҷ쾪ĻСڻ˵β;ȻҶͷϵķҲøΪˡ
Сûأǲ֪ΪȻһβ͡ŸСë׵βͣһ˵
ûҶ췢ʣС͵Ǻͱˡ
ΪʳںֻɡҶСԪ
˵ţüȰ˵죬ԺǲҪȥðˣ쿴㵹Ѫɰˡ
֪ˣԺ󲻻ˡҶЦЦ˵֪ɽôޣ治ȥðַա
ô˵ҾͻһˣҶʵ
ţŵͷ
ҶӴӴ
ƣæǰǵѵ죬˵˵úأҶġ
ûˣˣҿҽ㲻ʲô˵䣬Ҷֱ㽫ϵɴȥ
Ҷٶɰһܿ㿴Ҷǰ˿ھȻѾˡ
죬㣬˿ôôˣžȵĿࡣ
Ҷ˵ˣҽҶ˵˵Ѵ·ȡһ£
ʹľҶﶪ˿񵤣𷢴ˣȥɡ
ҳʲôأôûˡŽ˽죬ɻʵ
յĵҩڼġҶһߴЬӣһ˵
˵˵ͻȻо˾࣬֡žɵ
뿪ҽݺ˾ֱջȥ


349 
·ϣźҶʵ죬ȥɽҵʱ򣬿ڵɽһƬǼ׷ʲôأ
أ˵Ժлϸ˵ɡҶֻ˷ܣܲʵ˵ԼһֻȻսٻغϰɡ
Ŷʲô𣿡ʵ
ţѾ֪㸸׻ԵԭˣֻҪҵӧӦþͿԾ㸸ˡҶ˵
Կ϶ǣָ겢δʳҪȻһغˣﻹڡʱδӽֻǴӸ·ȾԲŵɢ
ֻӧδҵõϴĺ̻Фܹ˵ĻŶʱûġ
ĺˣͷȻֱһҵ취ġҶȰο
΢΢˵ͷֲ̧˲ǰķ˿
ôˣҶע⵽ɴ˵ӡ
û£СĻһˤˡæ˱
ϵСȴ˵ˣɽϱʱˤȥġ
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ҶԱж£һŮˣҪԼһ˴ɽﱳǾԲ׵¡
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ˣѾͿҩˮˣܿͺˡžܾ
Ҷ˵ֱץ֣ϵɴ
һ˿ʱҶһϧô˿ڣ˵û¡
ŵͷû˵
ŵ㡣˵ţҶס֣ˡ
˿ڱʹüͷ𣬲ʹܿ㻺ȥ˿ڴҲһĸогһ㡣
죬ʲôأŲʵ
ô˿ڣҪǷβܵĻϺ˰̵ģôƯ֣Ҫ˰̶ϧҶ͵
Ż𣿡ɵ
ȻҿҽҶЦ˵
ҲŲţⲻǣ֣ҵĽڰɣŻɵ
ҪôΪǸﻹǣأҶʵ
ңȻҶˡű
͵ռ˺ˣǣߵջΪֹɡҶ˵
һ죬ȻЩ˼ûоܾǣǣҲܴʲô
˾ǰȥ
ǵľֹܿ·˵ע⣬ϾǷɳŮһǣڽϣǸըš
Ա·˶ǲĿԶ˸һ𣬽ͷӶ˽
ԼĿеŮЩԭ鶼ܵصĴʹ
ǹգŵԴСҶ˵죬ҿǻǲҪǣŰɣ㿴˶ǿء
ĽʺޡҶ첻ΪȻ˵
ôǣţױġŵĵ
ѲСǾǣ㣬ӰԺҶ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ⲻҶ£ôǣţܻ˵лġ˵
ȻֲҶ󣬹˵ʲôأ˵ҪǵĹϵǶ㻹кôġҶ˵
ʲôôأŲʵ
룬ҪǶΪжˣԺҲͲˣⲻǸһ鷳Ҷ˵
ǣҪ±Ǽһ֪ˣһ鷳ġǵ
ĺˣǼһﶷҵģҪ鷳ҰøèƵġҶ㵸˵
֮ˣ˵ͦģ߻ĸôĶءŲŵ
Ҷڰ֣ΪȻ˵Щ԰׷ļһʲôµģûϴСڶץס
󣡡Сڵͷ͡
ǡ˵ЩʲôǰͻȻһϤ
٣⣬⣬ʲôүûɣ
ŵҶʱһ˵ܲ٣ܲٵⲻǽ˭
̧ͷȥȻǰ˽ĸ
ɴͦõģʱС۾һ˼ؿҶǣһ֣Ҳ˰ա
үûССǣءһӾ
£ȣֱͷϺݺȥǳõ죬үԼ𣿡
ǣǣСĶˡͷ
ʱһֽµү죬쿴ſСӼϵģϴҧֻ
ôһУע⵽ҶϵСڡ
ûֻ󣡡ոձԴļһִ󺰵䣬Դְһ
ɴĹۿˣֻβͣôֻܻȵ
ǣǣŲҲûҶ졣
ڽѾʲô󣬶Ƕ˾ȻǣڴϣⳡŭգͺǵץԼŸһ㡣
СӣɿĹצ۾Ҷŭ
ôһȣһȻӦæִҶĳ˳
ҶŭɫԼŮѵǣһ֣ȻһˣȻջ
ûҶ췢쭣ǰһؽ͵ģҺͰֻͨѡ
ԷͣҶúܲˬһѽ˻һõʵֲˣôʲô
Ҫǲ
˵ȥҶ쿴򽪽Ȼ˵ҵŮˣԺʶ㣬ҪٸҲһȥ밲ġ
Է˵ԼŮ˵ɲǣһһĪĵ
Լ֮䵽ʲôϵԼ֪𰸣˵ֻͨѹϵΪεԼԷ§뻳ԷסֵʱľȻûһ˿
ȻҲԼѾˣΪ˱Ͼʶûã޷ԷĻ޷ĵؿڶԷ޷ǣŶԷ֡
£ȻҲ֪ԷֻΪӦô˵ģⷬӻҳһš
Сӣ˵ⷬ㻹֪үʲô˰ɣȱÿ֨죬ŭȼ
ǵңǹֻ·һҶ˵
ڱүĵϾȻҿڳԣ챾ү֪˭ġû˵꣬ͻȻҽ
ֻһֱֻСڸҧ˴롣
󣡡СݵͷŤӡ
СҪʬΣѪܵĶŭش
Сڻͷ¡
ɱɱȻ
û˿ɣ׷װγϵ嵶С׷ȥ


350 Ѱ
ֻǸССѵһοɾͲֹһֻôˡҶ쵭ؾ
㣬ҵţһѪծѪģݻȻתǱ롣
ԶҶŤͷſȥ
˼ղֻǡ
ûҶ˵ȥžֱתſջȥ˿̣Ҳ֪ʲôǰˡ
ԶȥıӰҶε̾˿Ƶسǰȥ
߽ջ첽ӭ죬㲻ôôͻˣ
ʲôصˣѾˡҶ˵
ȷѾˣҶȷϡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ãϽæɣϾҪæˡ
ҶһգٿŲڹ̨ʵСأ
ղСҴææ˽ֱӾԺȥˣҽҲûأҲ֪ʲôˡһ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȥæɣҴ͹
ɣϽ㡣תȥ
Ҷ߽Ժӣǰ˼Ƭ̧̺ҪţԸѾһѡ
һ㶣Ҷ쿪ڵС㣬ղΪ˰߽˵ǷģǧҪˡ
֪֮ǰҲȷʵˣллκϵˡ΢΢Ц˵ƺѾ飬Ѻƽʱûʲô
Żָ̬Ҷ˿ҡͷЦлң㲻Ϊ˾Ҳܵ
˭˭˵ǾʱܵءŲϣǸӻǳ
һǲ˵ѵӣܣɶдˡҶؽҷ
Ҷ췭˷ۡ
ʱСŴ˻
Сڣ뵽˽£ɫ৵һ±ò԰ף죬㻹ǸϽ뿪Ӱɣһ㱨ġ
ˣŶҲЩ˽⣬ôĿȻưոݵġ
һءҶڰ֣ΪȻ
Ҷ⸱ĵӣſɾ͸żˣ죬ǲ֪ǽҵҿһǿ߹ġ
һ治֪⽪ҵ㲻˵Ҷݲȵ˵
ҿǷɳΨһжʵҲ˵⽪ҵļǵؾԲǿߣǾԲôǵġŽǵ
ؾԲҶ˵ͷ֪ˡ
ԭŻΪҶڵ֪Էʵ֪ѶˣȻڤ粻顣
㵽û˵أüͷЩ
С㣬أνˮڣǵؾԲǿˣҲûʲô˵ġҶʩʩȻ˵
ǲԴأżֱš
Ҷʼ磬˵͵Դˣͱ²ˡ
˼Һ˵˵㾹Ȼţߣˡջȥ
ǻϲ̫༱Ҷεҡͷ̾Ϣתȥ
ɺܺãֻλŮϰһĳݣһʱʱŤͷſȥĵӣ½˹ѰƵġ
ǻģڵʱһȺڵس˽Ϊ׵һʮӣǽӣΰʱŭݣըҩƵġ
ڽ῵󣬽ͷϰһȦɴսϹԱһ㡣
ǶŲ˵Сӣһ۱㿴Ҷ죬ָҶ췽ʾ⡣
˳ŶָķȥԷֻǸΪͨˣŭէ֣ŤͷӺݺݵȥһۣŭȻһͨ˶ԸˣǸӶ
֪СֻɻˣҵĶǱҧġæ͵
ѲֻޣЩɣϾӵڵΪᱻһֻͨҰ޸Ǳ
Ҳ֮Ƿǳҡͷʾ֪
ſڵԸӣ̨ŵһٿҶӭæѵ죬ҵˣϽӰɡ
ҶŤͷſڿȥſڵĽһ˿Ц
С㣬㲻زģԼˡ˵ţҶҡڵسſȥ򽪽ЦϣⲻǽҴүԴϰɴʲôأѲɳʱԴ¿ˣǱŸˣ
Сͷ˻Ӳŭغȵ
Ҷע⵽˽ǰĽΰҲһۿǵؾǿߡ
ԭǴ˰ֹѹôšҶ첻ΪȻЦ
ʱЩʳҲע⵽ߵִ׷׾Ŀ
Сӣҽҵĵϣ㾹Ҷӣҿǻˡȵ
ԭǸѰˣǰɣҶĵҡҡͷ㻹Աţôһ޴ͨ˶Ըˣڻӳұǽʮ˴ɶǸˡ
ҶⷬʱôЦ
ĺܶ඼֮ˣƽʱҲЩаԵĽˣֻǰڶԷԲ£ջۼô֮ˣԺҿ⣬ԴҲûʲôµˡ
ǰ棬῵Ҳһһף˵ȷʵͦģԼӱ˳ưոݡ
Ҷ˵һֻޣ˵ĻҲ㲻ʲôͨˣҶӱҲûʲôɶˡῷȻ˵
ޣǺǣδҲҵ̫˰ɣֻջӵһСӣôأҶЦ
Сӣ۾˵Ϲбֻҽгۺȵ
䣬СһŻݵҶϡ
Ѳ˵޾ֻҶʵ
ֻҧҵĶ䣡ָҶϵҧгݵ˵Ƿŭģ޲óȥСڸ̻

Ц
ȻҶֻ󳤵Щ֣ϸ˿ΪҲ˵ʲôޣֻͨѡ
ž
һİڽ𣬵ȻһƵӽῡ
ԷֵĻмԷѰ𣬶£νֻһֻͨҰޣһ㣬Ѿҵˣﻹʲô
ӣŭ߳һһ˦תȥ
ŷʹӣݺݵҶ쿴ȥƺҪĿ⽫Ҷɱ
үߣѲɻԷҶЦ
쵰ҲŹġҧŭȵ
ֻҪ㽪Ҷȫ˹Ҳ¡Ҷ˵
һЦ
һߣתȥ


351 
Žȥ･ָƽռ½עϡ
Ҷƨȥ·̨ʱŽ
죬ҿ㻹ǳ뿪ɣ⽪Ųѱǲᰵ֡硣
С㣬ҶѣûʲôõĵģǱǿĵҲԹȻػˡҶ̯̯˫ƽ˵
ǡ
˵ȥҶֽͣˣԼῴŰģͱ²ˣȥæˡ˵ű㳯ȥ
ε̾˿֮ɫǵûŨˣҶԽ⣬Խ޷ġ
Ҷ߽Ų˵İ˷ܵʵ죬˵ѽݺһ
ǰȡ裬ȻóȫˡҶ˵
죬ʵ̫ţˣȻҲҵԱߵİ̾
һͱȽţģҲǼʶ˱ɽһǶѡҶǫԿ
죬㻹ǵСĵΪ⽪ҿɲʲôüһѵ
ǰҿǺܻܿᰵ±ġĵ
֪ˣԼСĵġҶ˵
һ죬Ŷ񲻰ģҲûԼڣҶ£ǽ˲ġ
ԹҶصС䣬ڴϢһᣬȻϥ
˲һСʱӣڿ漴ƹ͸ķ϶Ͷ
Ҷûȥ͵ϾԷֲϹ⣬Ҳûɶš
ƺܿϨˣ°
žú󣬸ͻȻŵĽл죬˯𣿡
ûأСʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ûʲô£˵˵˵
ô˯𣿡Ҷʵ
ţش𣬽ʣ죬ôΣգΪʲôҪأ
㸸׵ĲûκãôءҶػش
ΪҸףðȥɽ㶪ΪҸðǸŮ׷ǹʣΪʲôҪΪôأŴŸмĿʵ
Ҷ㶣Ҫ˵Ϊʲôֻ˵ͬɣĿָȥŹһˡ
Ϊٿһ˶ڱ͵͵Ҷ˵
òŵʵҲֻƼˮ꣬ΪҪΪðôķأ
Ҷ룬ЦŻʵ滰Ǽٻأ
Ȼ滰ˡҲش
ΪҶǸϧˣϲŮѹرСƯŮҶʵ˵
ô˵ҪҳóͲôˣʵ
Ҫǳʵ̫һûҶεػش
Ҳͱһòȡ˵ġźЩõӡ
ǽ޸һ˹֣𣿡Ҷʵ
ֻҪЩҾ⡣ڻش
ƭˣҿ϶ҲҸô˧ˡҶ컳ɵ
Ųǣ
ãһѣֻյĿȫˣ˿ᱻòһΪˣúܹ¶ʹ࣬һֱܵʧȥȥⷬڿԷˡҰܸ㣬ֻҪԸ޸һǿػȥġҶ˵
ҲҪҪ˵ôˣҲᱻסġžܾ
㲻˵ֻҪ𣿡Ҷѵ
ңҡŲ֪ν͡
ҵˣҲֻʤˣѵĿλľȥ𣿡Ҷʤ׷
ĿҼ޸ô𣿡Ų˵
ԭҲӱ˳󰡣ҶЦ
㣬׽Ūң
ֻǽҷĻԶѡҶٺЦ
ˣߣغߺһ
Ҿ㣬ҲŲϡҶ첻ΪȻ
氲ûٳ
ԷƺӣҶι㿪ЦأĲ˰ɣ
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353 
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355 ָ
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ΪĹȽ⣬Բܱò½͵
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Ҷ쿴˿ԷöĽָУָֽܲҲҸһ
СһҪͦġҶ˰ۡ
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Ǻǣϰ˵Цˣ㾫ӡݹӦͦӲʵġҶЦ
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ʵ̧һ򵥣֮ǰΪԼ̫ӣ̫ȥ׷ԲŻưܡ
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Խ࣬չӧϣԽҵְɣɢˡҶ֡
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߰ɣ˵ţҶ̳ȥ
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˵Ҷﻹ治һջÿԼǣ֣һͻڰ޳Ƶƾð
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ԵЩţһδִҶ෴ãץҶ֣Ƶġ
֣ܵ𻨱䣬ϼҲһһģѾŭ˼㡣
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˵ţֻ̧˻ӣĸԸúźźСӡ
˲ȭĥƵŸϽҶ֣Ȱ죬ǻǸϽܰɡСûԣɲҶܶԸǰˡ
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ФܹûὪĻߵҶǰҶʵҶҽôأ
ФܹܶҶĳƺҡŵȲûȡ
ϵŮȴ۾һԾҶ쿴ȥΪĺ̻ĹԱȻ˵ǰФܹܷҽȵĴšڣФܹܶλĳƺӦþλФܹҽˡ


358 Ů
ȻŮλҽǸˣû뵽Ȼһʮ꣬һûӢ
ȻΪ˵Ĳ͵ʶһû˿ΪͨˣԽʱ򶨣һԷѹһܱġ
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ФܹⷬɫһƬ࣬Լİ־ȻŶԷ˵ɽ涪ԭͱһӵĻ޴йܵ˴̼Ȼǻðɡ
ϲҽбүҿմҽҵĵ˰ɡɫα裬ǿ벻̡
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·ƺҲ뷨ôҲǸطǸСֻǸûΪûбͨˣҲͲԶˡ
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Фܹ˵ʲôɾʱĵ·
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´һۣһͷһ֧ŽķԺϸ񣬵ɨüۺٲȻһֵٸټʣڳ˲㾪ȫŻҪʤһ
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Ƭ̺󣬽ܿعæ˵ϣãһЩƽ֮»Ҫֹ
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µĿҶɨһۣ䶨˽ϣӯӯһЦʵүкβƽ֮أ
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ɾʱԴŭͻȻžĴ
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359 ʼ
һ˫˫˷ͶĲĿ⣬ЩţȴȻᶨơ
˵ڳˣҶҲΪⷬеԾ
תſһֿۣҶʵСһƯѾͷʲôأѲ𣿡
ûҶ쿪ڣȴһ˵Ųãңǰˡ
᳡ʱѻȸһ˲䣬֪˵ڵѪԼĿеŮȻ֮ͥ׿˵ֱⷬͺûʲô
ҶҲǵ۾ؿţŵöγѪˣղҲ֪Լĸ񾭴ˣȻᵱô˵棬˵˵Ļ
úܵͣΧ˵Ŀ⣬Ҷ죬ŲŽŲ㵽Ҷǰе죬ԥȥ

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һͳˣǲҲȥأŰʵ
ôܣֻȥФܹܶѡʱҶ쵱Ȼܳȥ˻·£ҪȻɾ͸ӽͲˡ
ƭˣ˵Ů˴ӦѰҩҿһȥʲô¡һɵضҶ졣
ûе£ФϸӦæġҶ
ҲŲţղһͺӣ֮ǰһˡŵһҲ
С㣬òǳԴ˰ɣҶ컵Цʵ
ôܡŸϽϡ
ôҺĹϵأҶ׷ʵ
ҵİ﹤ңҵȻùˡֱ׳˵
ڣҶʵ²ۣѲСҶҲ𣿡
⡭Ŀһ
Ҷֳʤ׷ղҲ֪˭ڳϣ˵ԼҶˡ
ٱἰ£ߵͨ죬ղţղֻ⡣
Ҳ⣿ҶЩ
ղңҲϧԼֻΪ˰ɲҪˣӦøлҲǡű粵
ðɺðɣСܾͶлСܲˡҶϵ˵
⻹ࡣŵ
ΣԱλŮЩЦá
ǼһȻ棬û뿪᳡ǺƤǰ˸λľôˣҪ취ֻڶ踺صϺúҶ졣
ʱ᳡ǰĸ̨ѾһųŽɫĳС
һʦФܹԵΣߵǰɿɤӣȻ󳨿˵ӭλǰμӱᡣ
Фܹܵ˵ע˸̨ϣ᳡Ҳ֮
Фܹܶ˶٣˵ĺ̻еĹضͬС죬ϷҲͲظˣͬʮƷչҩ޾漰ȻرҾĿԴɡڣʽʼˡ
Фܹܻ䣬һλ۵òŲ̊Ůһ̣ϻһɫӣΪ
Ůߵǰ̷£Ȼתȥ
ţФֿܹ˵ΪòʣһƷȻֵƣȻѹƷҲһԴҿɵðպǮʧ
ФܹܣͱˣϽƿɡ̨һŨü۵ĺͲסӴߴٵ
ǰϽɣ
Ҳ׷׸Щʿ󲿷ֶЩӵˣǿܲסθڡ
ðɣϷΪҽĵһƷФܹ˵ű㽫ϵĽ
˵ĿˢˢػϵУֻǰһ糤һ̳һȦĳޣ޳Ϊɫ
ӦһϵȻϵɡ
ͳɫӦϵȱеľƷ
ϵѣ۸һ㶼ƣûˡ
֮̨¶ʱһƬȻ㷴ΪòӦǹˡ
Фܹܵܿ𣺡һϵȻϵΪޡϣƵϵȱҲֹ٣ΪòʣȻ䲻֮
ФܹܣͱٱˣϽ۰ɡǼŨüִߴ
Ǻǣ¾ͲˣϷͼ򵥵ؽһ޵ƲϰɡҶ֪һ㶼鱦޺ˡԾŽ޻޺ΪģԻβΪϣĸҲȡ֮ͬһֻ֮һܹȫؼ޺̺Фܹϸؽ
ѹֿһֻȻһĸо
ȻʲôϡޣΪϵޣβ͸£ȷʵһѶȡ
ֻ׼ǲ1000龧ˡ
۷׷׵ͬʱҶһֻ°ֱͣضޣϵȱǼԼͷȴһҲûΪһ쾳ǿߣϵȱò˵湻׵ġ
²һϵȱļֵȻƣԼĿǰ״㽫жˣҲδ
ǵЩҶҲֻ̾


360 
ФܹܣϽ۰ɣ·˴ߵ
ФܹҲī˵޵ĵ׼1200龧ÿ۲õ50龧
1200龧
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
׼۾ѹһƬˡ
ܴҶ֪ϵȻϵֵƣȴûϵ׼۶ߵ˵زɰЩʿһ
һ˵Щûʲôҵ׵ʿǺģΪֻ߽ϵڲź޺ˣ߽޵ʵ൱ؾǰΪЩʿԸˡҲֻɱһЩ߽µޣ۷һЩģȻʮ޵ġ
ФܹûЩԹֱ˵ھͿʼİɡ
ܿһȾۣ1250
ﶼû̫һû׼ĸҵļһϹġ
º󣬽ܿһ
1300龧
ڵ׼۱͸ߣһ㾺֮˶ʮֱصİӼۣȻҲһЩһڱԾۣرֻĵʱԾͻΪҡ
Ƭ̺ǰŵĽȻں1500龧ССҲǸСˡ
СԾ˲Ŀ⡣
ÿϣܿӰڳϹ˿ͶԽƷʮ˽⣬ܶʱ̧ȫֵΪ
1600˺˴һɫס룬òΨһ֪ǣΪܸߡ
ʵҲˣӵеؾΪ᳡ߡ
Ҷ⶷ƳһۣЩ˳ʲôۣҲֻиɵ۵ķݡ
Եſȥ˫ƯĴ۾Ծؿޡ
ʲôأҶЦʵ
죬ôֵǮ𣿡ŵĿȻͣڻϣ㶵ʵ
Ӧֵ۰ɡҶ˵ɱֻҲھŽޣ޺˵ͽߴ1000龧ɴԿЩɾŽ޺ɵƷֵȻ1000龧
ģôһӣǾǿһӿջ׬ǮҲ𡣡ľ˵
ҶЩգҲȷʵʵЩͨƽ˵ǻңʿ˵ʯǻң֮ٱĲࡣ
Ƿ绹н磬ڽ绹磬ƶԶǸʮʵ⡣
±⣬ȴǱĴʮҶǵ͵ķ̲ģڽ磬Ҳֻһֻܿű˼Ӽۡ
ʱ۸Ѿ1800龧ҺһûټӼˡ
ƣФܹܿ˵һϵȱ˵1800龧ļ۸񲢲ߣϵȱеľƷǷһЩеĻҲܴﵽ2000龧ϡ˵ⷬ޷뽫۸һƣȻҲû˵ϹϵȱСѾرƷǷŵһЩеĻҲͨƷЩеľ˶Щϵȱĵ2000龧ҲΪ档
ФܹⷬƲĻٻЩЧģƬ֮ǰһλؾ߿˵Ϸ2000龧ûټӼ۵Ļ޾Ϸˡ
ǣ߻Ÿ£Ǹȴֺ2100
üͷ壬ͷǶпһۣԷΪԱԼһҲûʲôƢҧе2200
2300кԥϡ
̾˿ƲƲ첻ټӼۣϾ2300龧ĸ߼۶µˡ
2300龧˼Ӽ𣿡Фܹȫɨһۣû˿ٿǵ۸ѾҲīʾԵغ鳳ɽ
ŵһƷɽڶƷֱͬһӸš
Ҷͷųǽ̽ȥӵĲЩ⣬Ȼܹ赲̽⣬ĿǰľǿȻǿɴ͸ġ
ȷƷҶŤͷſȥԾ˵С㣬ͻȻҾȻӵ칦ܡ
ʲô칦أƺûд2300龧ѹЩ㱵ʵ
ҾȻܿǽĶҶ˵
ſ˿Ǹӣֿ˿Ҷ죬ɵ˵ôܡ
Ҷһ˿Ц˵С㣬ҪǲŵĻǸҲҸҴأ
ʲôأգŴ۾ʵ
˵ĶҪ˵ˣҵһ¶ͷҶ˸ָĶЦ˵
Ҫ˵أʵ
Ҫ˵ˣ㵯һºˡҶش
УҴҳԿġŷԵ
Ҷ캹յ㵯ºˡ
ҲҪʮ¡ԴһȻ˵
ðɣðɣʮ¡ҶڴӦҲ䣬˵ʮ£һ٣һǧҲ⡣
˵ɡźŻӮӡ
ʩϸһ˵ţҶָ̧֣ߵ̫Ѩ۾װһʩӣƬ̺˵ҿһ͸Уһɫ
òϹµİɣŽŽɵʵ
ǲǲµģ˵ԵĻҵͷҶ˵
˵Ļɵҵʮ£ˣִԤ룬ҶᷴƵġ
ǲģ͵űҵɡҶг˵
ҲŲܿźߺһ˵
˵ţФܹܵĵڶƷȻûϵȱǰ㰺󣬲ȴҲǼϡ֮
Фܹûʲôӣ˵㽫Ӹ
ӿ
Уǵӿʲôϡ֮Ҳͼʮ龧ˡ
ϸӿƺǳ
̨¼о
̨ϣźԱλŮȴǾȵĿɿڴ
ٺ٣ӮˡҶЦ
⣬ôܣôܿõأһ׵ģŻɵ
һֱϣôأҶһ޹
ǰС㣬ȻҲ֪λүβ³ƷģӿɵģĶЩؾǿҲ֪̽õŮֹ
ƲƲ죬Щĵðɺðɣ˺ˡ
׼𣿡Ҷָ̧֣Цʵ
ҪǸңҾͲˡüͷ
ɣ㲻ˣأҶƵ
ҲܡԴһƲ
ǺðɣҾ㡣ҶڴӦ
ű۾üͷǰŵӣͺǴϵűϵĻƻŮƵġ
ҿҪҶ콫־ŶͷǰЦѵ
Žӵ˵ͷ
ҶĴָһɣƴʳָ㳯ŵĶͷȥ
ž
ôʹҵôʹҲˡ۾Ŷͷһӡ
ǰɣѾùˡҶ캹
ҲܣҪǲҵҾҲˡƲԴҶ˿ء
Ҷͷߡ


361 ɳ
޿κΣҶźݺݵ¶ͷͣ
ţФܹܵ𣬡ѾµӿݿɲǳȨʿӿһǧꡣ
һǧ꣡ѹָͷô󡣡
ӿƳĵ鵤һžܶͨʮˡ
ݵĵӿȷʵͦϡеģһȥҲûá
˵£ҶԵΪƽԼϴεõӿǰԵòˣܺ棬ǧӿ϶Ǯ
Ӧö֪ǧҩƳĵҩ־ƷĸʻܸߣӿҩӦÿƳö鵤մƶϣӿļֵӦö֪ˡФܹܶ˶٣˵ӿĵ׼50龧ÿ۲õ10龧
60龧
80龧
ӿĴ󲿷ֶЩʦΪһ˹ҩûκôȥʦƵĻû׼ᱻɱ
ˣҶӿľ鲢ǺܸߣջǱ220龧ĸ߼۸ȥˡ
ǰӿĳɽǧĵӿõȥӦܹĵǧ龧ĸ߼ۡҶ˼
ļƷûʲô֮޷ǾһЩϳ˹еȱŵƷ£Ʒ֮
ǱĵƷͬһϳ˹Фܹܴ˵
һϳ˹֮ǰûܾĵЩһ˾
Фܹܺܿ콫ƿȡһ淢Ƶĳ¾鼮й鼮չʾţܵһΪĲ⹦УӦҲܲµⲢ๦ڸ͹׹ʽһ졢աСĲΣʽʽƾͿ֪ЧˣݹеĽܣɵʽΣǱӵͨ
Фܹܻ˵꣬·²
Фܹܣͱˣ׹˵ô档
ɲǣһλ쾳ϱ׹Ҳøһ㣬ĵԶһѣҵʽûóɣɣҲû˵ô档
Фܹܣⲻüٶ

ЩФܹܸЦ˵ûϷ˵أôҲǱϳ˹øһ㣬ĵԶһ㣬û׼ǿеʱܰ
ҪһЩٶȵĹα˷ʱȼ߹
Ƶǣ׹ĵڶʽҪؾԲΪڳͬǶҲֻһʽҪͳˡ

һƬЦҶ׹ȴжģФܹԣֻøһ㣬ĵԶһ㣬ôҲ
ƷܻӭФܹܻǰ̱˵׼ۡ
ϳ˹ĵ׼100龧10龧Ϊ׹̫ܻӭԵ׼ҲѹúܵͣҪȻϳ˹ֹλ
ּ߹Ҫ100龧100ʯûҪǰŵŨü˵
ǰǸϽ߻һƷɡ

һƬФܹҲ֪ƷĲȥˣ㽫Ʒ¡
Ȼ׼֮ʣһ
110龧
ĿⶼķȥȻ۵Ҷ졣
죬㣬㲻ڿЦɣűҶ۸һ
ģд㡣ҶЦЦ˵Ե׼ϳ˹Ӧò
ҶҽȷҪĴФܹЩԾʵ
ûҶڴӦ
СӸòǷɵ˰ɣ
ѹǸͨˣҪ⹦ʲô
òǮ̫û˰ɡ
ҿؼҲƨá
ָ̨ĳЦ
ԭҶΪ110龧ļ۸˳׹ǽǣФܹ׼ʱ̨ͻȻ˾ۡ
150龧էǽǼһ
ؿҶ죬ƺ˵ƫ
ҶԵЩƣǼۣ160龧
200龧ϡ
˭ܿΪղų˿ڹҶԡ
ԭֻ110龧ƷһӱԷ̧200龧ҶΪջ򽪽˵ۣ250龧
300龧ҧš
죬Ǳ˰ɡż300龧Ѳܳܵļ۸ˡ
Ҷһ˿Ц500龧
800龧ǳԶҶһ㡣
1000龧Ҷƺû٣Աߵɵȥˡ
һ̣᳡ѻȸⱾȻ˸Ƶǧ龧ۣ˵ǰܼң˵ʲô
1500龧ߣôүضˡ
ҶЦһ򽪽ȥȻүôϲ׹ǴҾøˡԭҲֻǿû˾ˣҪ׹
ҶⷬŷӦ৵һ±ò԰ףղһֻҶ죬϶ԷͻȻ֡
᳡һЦ˶һֻ򽪽ȥһﾹȻ1500龧˱龧ˮƯ
죬ôôءЦ
λŮȴ޵үȻüı
ǺǣֻʳˡҶڰЦ
Ѿû˳ߵļ۸ˣôⱾϳ˹͹齪үˣүϲˡФܹЦǺǵ˵
ȭͷݺݵضҶ죬εıԷ׽ŪͶԷͬھĶˡ
λֵСĻ󣬺ļƷĳ
ǱѹƷشҶڴѾˡФܹⷬ᳡ž
ԹƬ̣ΪڴѹƷԱСĲǸẒֵ̌һýɫסĴһ
Ҷþһɨ΢һ¾ȻһӣŵһֻޣҺֻһֻ̣룬̶Ϊǳ֮ʵʮֲֿ
ôӦòʲôҩ
ѲǼı
ǰ漸Ʒﶼδޣҿ˳ֻޡ
˷׷ײ²ڴڼ䣬Աѽһڷϡ
ФܹܣϽƿ
ǰĥˣϽƣ
ȻҶļϷҲͲϻˣΪҽҿյװɡ˵䣬ФֽܹǼɫнҿ
Ȼֻޣ
ⲻһֻɳ
ɳ̾ȻΪ
ѵǱļƷɳ󣿡
쿴нɫƣ
ⲻǴ˵еĽɳ𣿡
᳡һƬ
ϵһֻͨһӣһɪɪ
ֻͨɫϸԿϵƤë͸ƤƵģһƣƾΪ֮ɫէһ߷緶


362 
Ӧöϵֻޣûȷһֻɳ󣬲ͨɳ󣬶̣ҲǴ˵Ľɳֻɳһ£ҲǼµʱֻҪȥһʱ䣬ܿФܹܽ
ֻɳ֮ҲܽΪһʥްɣ
˵ɳҪеģûде£ҲֻŽԲ
ȻǸӣֻϧɳɳʳִһ˻𡣡
ǰȻ۸ܱʥ̱ˣɱ̫ߣۺһ㻹һֻʥ̡
¶ֻɳ۰᲻һһǿԿ϶ģСһļ۸Բ͡
ФܹܣϽ۰ɣ˺
ֻ޵ĵ׼2000龧ÿ۲100龧Фܹ˵
2000龧Ȼ׼۶һϵȱ󡣡
޵ļ۸һ򶼱Ƚϰạ̊́2龧Ϊ档
Ҳֻп˾ĵķˡ
۸Ȼ󲿷˸ż֮⣬ȻҲһС˷ܣԾԾԣǼһ֮һ
ֻɳ󣬽ŹʣͬʱĥţֻҪܵõֻɳԺòźСӵˡԣҪһеֻɳ
3000龧ᶨغһڱصõӡ
Ŀⶼ۶ȥԾۺñǽ׼۴2000龧3000龧һЩų̬ľʹͷЩֻɳʿԽ޵Ǻ޲óȥƤĽ
᳡žҲ˾ۡ
Ҫǲ˼ӼֻۣɳǱүˡ˵
3000龧߽ɳ3500龧һҲ˸СԾ
ȽӼۣλе˵4000龧
ЩͽʿȫĿɿڴЩһھƷֱƴ
5000龧ԥغ
Ҷ쳯˿̲һЦ
죬ЦʲôأŲʵ
֪һΪʲôôҪֻɳ𣿡Ҷʵ
òڵҰɣŲ²
ȻǣҿֻɳԸСڡҶ˵ҡͷһЦ
뵽αСҧ˶£ҲЦ
5000龧ûиߵļ۸񣿡Фܹȫʵ
Ƭ̺󣬺ŵĶٴοڣ5500龧
6000龧Ÿϡ
һղź3500λһҧ8000龧
˵ĿλȥͦԵúŵӡ
ͷݺݵȥһۣҧ1龧ʵ˵1龧Ѿ൱һĿΪ˱ҲֻܺĻȥˡ
⽪һ湻Ǯġ
˵ڷɳʯͦߵġ
ܼڣҲðꡣ
᳡ۡ
ֻôֵǮ𣿡ʵڲôһֻСΪλô
˭֪ءҶʼ磬Щ޵ļλҲ
ûлӦФܹ˵ڵļ۸1龧ûиߵģ
᳡ѻȸ
1龧һΣФܹܿʼ
1龧Σ
ջû˾ۣϾֻɳɱ̫ߣ1龧Ѿܲˡ
ԸԳĵõֻɳȻɽ۸˵㣬ȴû˿ʹ˵ֻҪܹԸҶ죬ֻ⼸ܵ˵1龧ʮҲ
ѹƷ£ҲβˣȻνѹᲢһƷ
ĹһƷ׼۲ޡФܹ˵֮䣬һƷѾҲδýӸס
һеľϵر֮ȨͨƷ˦ɽм۱ǡͨФܹܲδ̫Ľܣ£˽мۡ
1ң
ȫһЦ
ţغֱ10龧ļ۸˳ȥ
˱ҲԲ£һʱ䣬ҿóԼƷ߽пΪṩѵļ񡣡Фܹ˵
ʿ¸ʵڳܴһ˶ǳġ
Фܹܻ£ǰλŨü׵壬˸̨
λѣĳ׳ˡŨų̈˱ȭȻߵǰӴָһȡļƷֱǣһö˽޺ˡһеȽϵһеˮϵһֻС
Щ޺˴һ۱ܿƷʣĳҲͲˣֻװһͨФܹܰæһŨüеݸФܹܡ
Фܹܶ˵ӹб̨ȥ
Ũüּ˵ļƷǮҲԽϵȱߵ鵤ٲ
һ˵ǲԸϵȱеȱģԣЩеȱǷͽʿ
ѣǿͨԤˣ۰ɡ̨˺
ͨȵФܹܼ֮˵ɡŨü󺺻ظ
ѣǼϵôһʵ
ϵϸ壬ƷȻĳʹ˶꣬ȴδ˿ĥۼǼǮĳ᲻óɵ׼20龧λѿɼӼۡŨü˵ȻУһ˶ϣԼƷĸüۣԺٻһڼ۷Ʒ
ҳ22龧˼Ӽۡ
ҳ25龧ȿڵĳССظһ¡
ò˼Ӽۡ
25龧ŨüҲˣϾʱҲŲ30龧ҲīˬӦǾ25龧λѰɡ
ѿɷ֡ʵ֮ǰЩĺ̻ƷȻõ⣬ǰ˽ƷǲСĵܻܿϵƭ
Ȼû⡣ŨüˬشӦ
ǣӱ̨עڸ̨˼£Ϊռޣ޷ʩչȫҲܹжϳƷʡ
Թֺ󣬳ص˵ͷֱȡ25龧֧Ũü󺺡
̨Фܹ֮ǰֻдӺ̨˳Ũü󺺸ǰзϣ˵ݱмһƷͨ
ĺ̻Ȼ˿ɡ
ѣ۰ɡ·Ȳغ
Ũü룬˵׼10龧
һ۸Ҷ쵹Գһļǵã̩ɽĽ׻ϣڿľǰһͨ۸200ʯҲ൱2龧ԿľǰˮƽǿͨƷҲƷһǼ۸Ѿ൱ʵˡ
Ȼڽ޷ͬģϾڽʯҪḻࡣ
Ҳ֪ͨʲôƷףФܹܰæһ¡Ҷ찵˼ũؾһ˶ʮ֮ͨ⣬ȫ˸ǡ
12龧̨ºܿ˼Ӽۡ
15龧һŮӻ᳡ΪʮֶɲǼԵĿ⣬ҶȻҲ⡣


363 
Ůֻʮ߰ӣֻǸû˿ΪķˣȻʲôɫˣȴҲǸ崿ɰѾͷ
Ҷ۹⣬̶ֳȵòǰһֻĿһۣȻջĿ⡣ͬͲˣ˵̶ֳȵòѾϼƷˣһڳһ
Ҷ첻ǰɫﵹ¶֮ɫȻ֪Ҷʵڳ˶ɫֻƷζȽϸ߶ѡ
Χһ˫˫ɫеĿ⣬Ůߵú˵ģԴҲȥһӡ
ǰŵĽƺҲλСŮһ˿Цִʲô⡣
˵ĿⶼСѾͷס̨ϵŨüæиߵļ۸𣿡
20龧ڡ
ЩʿüͷЩ˵20龧ѾǺܴһʽˡ
Ƭ֮󣬻и˼ۣ21龧
22龧СŮС˵
25龧ҡͷȡ
30龧һλԲļһҧغϾƷͨЩҩĻҲֻۣͨȱʱƷͨ50龧ҲΪ档
40龧Ȼ龧Ķˣ40龧˵ҲֻƤëѡ
᳡ž40龧ƷͨѾˡ
Ũü˵ܹͨ40龧Ѿ׬ˣֺǺǵȫʵиߵļҪûеĻǾǽүˡ
ɾʱλСŮͻȻּеĺң30龧ϣһӧ
ҶŶʱ۾һ̨ϵФܹҲŤͷҶ߿ۡ
죬˵ӧŽץҶĸ첲Եúܼ
ţҶ쵹Ǻ侲
Ҷ˵ӧǾݣǶڳʿ˵һĲֵˡ
СãӧԪ鵤ĸҩҲûáŨüЩΪѵ˵
СŮɾͼˣѾֵǮĶˣյ30龧Ϊľһͨ۸ȻԷ̧40龧
֮£СŮҲֻ򽪽ȥ磬ͨøҺòأ
аЦֻҪýҳԶ˵ø㣬͸Ҳ⡣
СŮüͷһߵͨ죬ڳͬǶԽıоʾŭ
ôأֻҪԶٷܵõһֺͨ¿ɲʱϵŶ׷ʵ
СŮɲɵӣȻֻǳԸô򵥣һȻڵ30龧⣬öϢ䡣СŮһ˵һֻ̧߽ƯСϳ˴һö֮⣬һöƺָͨ
Ϣ䣿ʲôôأŨü󺺺ʵ
ǿΪġСŮ˵ű㽫ָժ
Žָժ£ΧһƬϸ
ȻΪ
ΪֻǸأû뵽ӵԲΪѹôҪǿͨ
ָȻأ⹦ûɶô
ʱҶȴЩ˷ܣȻöָĹܾͺԼǰֻΪһָƺҪ߼һЩٸղԼûܿѾͷΪҲ˵ָ쾳ǿߵ̽⡣
Ҷ˵ΪǺбҪģϾԼӵ쾳Ϊʵ̫ۡԣܵ͵Ļ;͵Ҫ鷳
̨ϵŨüһԥǿӦĻҲУʵ˵ֹܵĽָҲûʲôã߽磬Ը׬龧
ԷӦСŮʱüЦŸһҳ50龧
СŮϵЦݽסˣ̨ϵŨüһӣȻеͬλСŮǶԷ50龧ļ۸ʵ۲
Ũüԥӣһ100龧
ȫȻ100龧ǹƷͨ´ˣȻǹ⿪߼ۣСŮõ˵
ŨüƲ𽪽۸ϾջʮģɲΪǲֵǮͬĶǰ龧
ã100龧ɽŨüЩشӦȻ˳У͵˽ǰ
ӹУˬ֧100龧ֻͷСŮ˻ͨЦСãǣʲôʱͨˣʱҸ硣
Ž⸱ɪģﶼ޲óȥһ١
СŮ죬üͷصŽ
ѾͷǿɰģҶȴһЦ
Ũü̵ػص̨ϣʣµƷ
ܿ죬Ǽеˮϵ20龧ļ۸˳ȥһŰ˽޺û򣬱ϾһǺٻṺ޺˵ġ
Ũų̈һͷ̨
ͷߵǰһȻȡһСĻɫ޵Ϲ˵Ĺۡ
ȻһŻϵ޵
ͷר͵İɣϻҲһŰ˽޵
ͷԼˣǮޡ
˵£ͷڽܵһŻ񵰣ǰ˽ޣҶ֪޿ʮϡеġһɳٶȼ죬ڣʱǵؾǿҲȫ⡣
˵һ㶼ͱô㵽ŵأ̨˺ʵ
Ǻǣˡ޷֮Ϳʼİɣ׼100龧Ҳϵȱߵ鵤нͷ˵
һڼ150龧Σ̨ʵ
ܿͱ˸ѹȥˣ200龧
250龧λһڼ۵Ӽۡ
300龧
޻ܻͦӭģҪȻһİ˽޵200龧Ѿܲˡ
ֳĵ300龧ļ۸ʵҲⶥˣϾֻһֻ˽ޣĵҲ͵ؾǰںʿڵؾʿ˵ְ˽ôѾ
ϲ˽мۣͷǾ300龧λˡ
˺̨ܿΪ洢޺޵ҪרõǼһҲֻȱϣȻõײƣ޵Ŀһ㶼ʯͷӲ
̨һ̷ӱ̨
ڶ̷ӽƷ֮ʱҶȡһֻСƿԱߵŮӣ˵Ů鷳ȥФܹܼһ¡
ǣŮӽӹСƿת߽¥ݣʱФܹõҩȥ˺̨ŮҲֱӽСƿͽ̨
죬ƿʲôأźʵ
ҩҶڻش
ĵҩأЩɻ
ˣҿҽеҩҲҶЦЦܵ
Դ룬Ҳû˵ʲô
ãФܹܴӺ̨߳Ƚһŵҩ̷ӣ˼ȻʹҴ¥ݣҶǰ
Ҷҽ⣬һžƷͨФܹܵԵЩҲԿžƷҩļֵˡ


364 Ʒ
ڽ磬ʦΪѧͽѧʿʦʦĸȼҪƳƷҩҪʦˮ׼ȻҩƷʷǳߵĻЩǧҩģѧʿˮ׼ҲмƳƷҩ
Ŀǰĵ۹ʦֻһλʦҲָЩʦѱһЩƸã˵ССķɳ򣬾ǸڵƸڳҲҲһ
ƷûɣҶΪϾֻǸŵʦ˵ǾƷˣܹƳƷѾ൱˲ˡ
Ǽʦ˼飬Կ϶һžƷͨФܹʮֿ϶˵
ҶæӴָｫĿͨҲȡ˳Фܹܣ鷳⼸Ҳһ¡
⣬ЩƿﶼͨҶֻСƿФܹܵЩ졣
ûҶ˵ͷ
ФܹܰͣҶ˺һ
ͨǳͬһλʦֵ֮ĻĿŵƷҲƷ˶ĸƷͨЩҲҵ
֮࣬ФܹæϷΪȥ˵űֻƿ¥ݡ
죬ô൤ҩأžɵ
ԺٸͰɡҶҲֻܣʲôֻһͻǣ浽һ⣬ʱֻԽԽӡ
ȻҶô˵ˣҲ׷ʣؿˣ֪ΪΣǰԽԽ͸·һ̶ɲĺˮ
̨ϵĶ̷һƷ̨һŲ̊
ŮӵеؾΪ̨˵ߵǰȡʮӰ˵ĶҩҲбӻ̯Ƶġ
Ůӿʼ֮ʱФֻܹƿ첽˻
ҶҽĿͨһžƷƷһƷƷʱǩѾƿϡФܹܵЩɫҲЩף˵ʵ̻ô꣬ûһóôƷʵĵҩ
ФܹܵĻϵŮͬԾ⾫ƷƷҩζʲôһģ˿̣ǰ˵Խ
ȻΪ𾪵ĻҶԼЩͨȫһƵģ˵һžƷɺϣ֮žƷƷһƷ˵ʲô᲻֪
ѵǵ¯ԵʣҶ찵˼ַܿ룬ֻ¯ֻһֻΪͨµ¯ܻʲô⹦ܣľǰڸҵ֮ɲ򵥡λԼ׷ǹȴδرǰҶ޾ĸм
Ҷҽ֪Щҩǳλʦ֣֮ФܹЩʵĵ۹ʦ޼ǵҲѾˡ
Ҳλǰ֣ʱҲֻæͨѣû뵽ȻôߵƷʡҶ쵱Ȼ˵ЩҩԼƵġ
ԭˣҵʦ֣ǿĪĻԵФܹܸ̾
ʦô𣿡Фܹ˵úӣҶ̲סʵ
ǵȻĵ۹ʦʮλĿϱ̶֪ˡФܹݵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷνϡΪȫʮȷʵͦ˵ˡ
ʦѾʦݵ߼𣿡Ҷʵ
Ȼǣʦ֮ϻʦĵ۹Ψ޼ڵʦݡФܹ¶ݳ֮ɫͺ̸һ㡣
Ҷû̫⣬Ŀͨջش䣬ʣµһžƷͨݸФܹܣԸФܹܣ鷳Ұͨ̽ɡȻҪ˵ֻ⾫Ʒͨļλ
Фܹ㶣ʵҶҽĴ˵ôʦûྫƷҩ
ʱ򿴿۸˵ɡҶش
û⡣ФܹܴӦһӹҩתȥ
̨λӻŮӻڳŴɤߺţ·ĻӦǱȽǿңҲǼ֮ĸûҪ
Ų̊Фܹܴǰ˵λͬϷﻹһرҪ
˶һڴؿФܹܣȻФܹܻ˵رǾȻͨƷ
Ȼ᳡Фܹܾװͨƿ˵ƿװһͨ
ûФܹ˵ȥ᳡һƬ
ͨҲرФܹòӽˮ˰ɣ
˷Ӹ顣
ѲǿƷͨ
Щؾǿ˵ͨȷʵһãЩʿ۾ˣر֮ǰûͨǼˣȻҲλСŮ
Фܹܶ˶٣˵ȻϷ˵رȻͨͨмһžƷͨ
᳡žƬ̣
ȻǾƷͨʵ̫˼ˡ
ô˵ͨǳĳλʦ֮ˡ
ʦôڵҩأ
֮ȫ˵һʦǲܻЩڵҩģϺٻڵľƷҩ֡
ֳķФܹܺ⣬΢΢һЦ˵Ӧö֪⾫ƷҩʹüֵߣҸһЩҩΪ֮еļֵǲɹġ
Щԭ㾺ĵʿˣǾǿƷͨ𣬸˵žƷˡ
λСŮҲɥü˰֡
ФܹܣžƷͨ׼۶أ̨Сʵ
Ҳһĺ棬㲻򣬵Ҳ֪Ʒֵͨټۡ
Фܹܼͷûǹ⾫Ʒͨóٵ׼ۣһ˼ɴ˵׼100龧ÿμӼ۲10龧
100龧⾫ƷҩôֵǮ𣿡
ĵ۹мλʦǾֵֵ֪Ǯˡ
־ƷҩԱȾƷؾ쾳ҩҪϡУ۸Ҳġ
־ƷҩղأԻ᲻á
֮ʱһ𣺡150龧۵ǺλһֱȽϻԾĶС
200龧ҲԵú˷ܣΪûдﵽԲҲǳ¡ǽ˵Ʒͨ㲻ʲôҲ㵽ƷͨǾƷǾԵòģԣȻǰǧѷĻᡣ
250龧һλؾǿ߾ģҲǿеĲŵҩҩüֵղؼֵ
300龧Ȼ
400ɤŴ󺰡
ԥƬ̺󣬺500龧
ڳĴ󲿷˵Ǵ۽ˣǻǵһμʶͨ500龧ĸ߼ۣڹӦ֮ʱƷͨҲͱ100龧ӡһԱȣҲԿƷ뾫Ʒ֮Ĳˣͺñѧʿʦ֮ĲһһԽĺ蹵


365 ʶ
600龧ŲæغţȻҡȣԵúаգȻû˻ǣǸӽ
ԥãǵǽǮֽĲƷΪûʽ֮Ҳͳˡ
û˾ۣФܹܿ˵žƷͨǱʷĵһžƷҩһЩҲоƷͨԱ˵һңλ˵һαĻᣬҿǧҪʧˡ
ͷͱīˣôϡҲֻǿͨ600龧ѾˡЩͷ˵
ʵžƷͨжǱڼֵҲûףϾǶǵһνӴ־Ʒҩټϼҵޣǿɳеַգûپۡ
ФܹȫɨһۺתͷҶ죬ʵҶҽ㿴۸Σ
̨ϸȻһʼΪžƷͨĺ̻ĻϾȻǼ˽Ʒһ˶ҶҲ͸Ӻˣһǵ²ŵķģһ뻨ϹϵھȻóһžƷֻͨһͨķ˵ж˻ɡ
ԱߵҲһɫĿҶ죬ǰرˣԼǰʶǸ޷ĵ
ڽı쳣ʣҶ׬ôǮȴֺõöͨԵЩìܡ
Ҷ쳯ȥЦʵүôϲͨ𣿡
ͺúøмүɣǱүʩᣬͨҲֻ400龧ҲֻӲͷƤԼ̨¡
ǺǣүδҲ̫Լˣ˵Ҫŵ𣿡Ҷ첻м˵
һʵѲ㻹٣
˵ʵҿɲϣŵҩĳȾˡҶ쳰
᳡һЦ˵ŭĿҲͱˡ
Ҷ첻ٴת۳λСŮȥЦʵСŮͨ㻻ӧöָ֪ԸԸ⣿
ɲ֮䣬ȫԾ˶ԼĶˣһﾹȻ˵ҪöƷͨȡܼ۲ֵ10龧Ʒ
ңûɣ
СӸòɵ˰ɣ
ѾݵúͻϣòỹҪλ崿Сðɣ
ֻɵӻ᳡ÿ
λСŮŤͷ˿ܣֵƯĴ۾һԾָָԼӣҶʵ磬𣿡
ûҪ㲻Ը⣬ҿɾˡҶЦЦ˵
Ը⣬Ը⡣СŮϽԴøСƵģֲʵǣǴ㲻Ҫɣ
ȻҪҿ˾ӣôҪءҶ켥Ц򽪽ƳһֻۣŤˡ
ԭΪҶ֮ǰǸŨüһ߶ؽջ϶ԷȻɷĲ׬ҲžƷͨܲա
Ҷҽ㣬ĴףȻФܹ֪ҶҪӧûϵȻһžƷͨ
ԵȻҲֽЩϧĻҶΪˡ֮䣬ǰԽԽӽԼǸӰˣɲ֪ΪΣ־ԼͶԷ֮ľԽԽңԶңɼ΢о
ǣټ30龧СŮܾЩ֮
ˣֻҪӧöָҶƽ˵
лл磬̫лˡСŮжۿһ죬Ȼ
᳡ʿȻЩ𾪣ҲҶ600龧ɲСĿڳ󲿷ʿȫҵʣڳмܹ壬ո˽100龧λŨü󺺶ʱЩ
޿ˣϽѶɡСŮҶʵЩܲˡ
СŮæ˲ˮȻ뿪λ̨ϱȥ
õӧ֮ҶҲͲ£ǱФܹܸǣ뿪˻᳡
˸ߵ̳ſڣλСŮȴںͷ׷
磬ȵȡСŮܵҶǰŴ
ʲô𣿡Ҷɻʵ
Ҷ֪ءСŮ˵
Ϊֲ׷ģҶЩ졣
ҲǣҲμ᱾ΪͨȻҩѾ򵽣ȻҲˡСŮ˵
ҶͷһЦ˵ʱ֮ǰǲǵȱԼأ
ҽѦʶĿǰǸɢޣҴΪ̤ؾ֮ȥƸҸɼ룬ҲͿһˡСŮԼ֣Լƻ
ҽҶ죬ףܼӸɡҶ˵
ţллҶ磬ҶôصĵҩҶɽԺҳ쾳ǿߣһúñġѦʶ˵
ҶһգѾͷȻǾ쾳ңԶúܣǻԵĻⱲӶ쾳ˡ
ȻҶ첢ûдģЦŹҪˣҵıŶ
ţѦʶʮص˵ͷűǵҶ磬ҾȸŶ
ţҶӦһѾͷıȥ̲ҡͷһЦ
ǲǿ˼أô񡣡û
ǰСôɰֱ˼˰Ҷ˵
ȻôϲߺˡŰ˰ۣתسջȥ
Ҷ첽׷ȥЦʵôǳԴ׵أ
ңҲûгԴס
ǿɾ͹ˣΪҾŵһɴζأѲ˭˴̳ӣҶһ˵ţһ߹ŤͷΧ
㣬ԽԽˡüͷ
ҶüͷһЦôԽԽأ
ɲҪˣֻǾ˼ܸɣżᶯԽǸмֵǱİ﹤Ž͵
ѾͷȻֱ׳˵ôαɣҶ൱
ΪϰǲӦýأҶʵ
Ҫʲôأɻʵ
ոҲˣӽǮģ㻹ǸҵĽɣһʲôġҶ컵Ц˵
ʱߵͨ죬ߣԭҲһɫ˵űǰȥ
ô˵ҲҪЩиɫɡҶֹ첽׷š
صջʵ죬ҩˣǲǰҵȾͺأ
ҶһգЩҩɲġ
ѵ𣿡ɻ
ҶƬ̣ͱϹˣһῴŰģһط׼£ҿţҡ
ŶŹԹԴӦ
Ҷ첻˵ʲôصţȡ¯Щƻ굤ҩġ
ЩҩģһܲκָҲͿŻ굤ˣκˣԼͿ԰ȥˣβá


366 
ѧϰ֮ʱȻãҶоѧϰ൱ɣͺһƽ̹ĵ·һ㣬ûκε谭
տʼʱҶΪ֮ԭ򵥵ģǽФܹܿе֪ĵ۹ֻвʮʦʶ֮ԶԶԼǰ򵥡
벻ͨǣΪԼո̤ϵ;֣Ȼڲ֪֮Уʦ
Ҷϸֻͨ¾ɵ¯һη񶨵һⵤ¯⡣
˵ƳƷҩ¯ǹڽеЩʦҲͲֵǮˡ
ԭ֮ϡҶ˵˵ţ׵ķ
֮ɲǼ򵥵һЩ䷽ҲͨĹһҲķġ֮ʱҲǵĽע¯ע֮ʱҪеķķõ¯¯ȶͬʱҲӰ쵽¯ҩᴿʱĴȡҩ֮ں϶ȣĳɹʡ
Ҷ׵ķӣܿһ졣
Ԫ˻üͷֹԪתһᳵ·ƺҲʲô
ʱ׻ȴСӣĲ˵㱿ʵѾҩɾˡ
СôôͻָأһΪֵ˯ʮˡ׻ҶĪְĵĸо
ǰôôͻָˣָֻʶ֮ǰ״̬ˡ׻ûػش
˵湻ģԭָźҶܹΪϣСӸһЩǧٹֵ鷳ÿεΪʱ򣬱ֻᱻԭΣԴˣѾ൱
˻״̬׻꣬Ҷ컹Щ֪ԼǷ˶Էһ飬ԼǷѾˣǰǧ׵Ҳ
ҲԹ˵ˣԺЩ׵硣Ҷ찲ο
ˣҲָˣĺô綼Ҫȥÿλõ׻յ
Ҷͷߣţ£æʵˣոұʲô˼أ
Ȼ˵㱿˼£׻ػش
ദôãҶ׻һƢҲǿ͸ˣһʱͺϺһʱȴСһ㰮ˣƢҲ֪ǲΪΪ˻Ҳ֮˻ˡ
С⸱ӣҪϹֻβܵķˡҶ⼥Ц
СӣɲҪ˵˵ɲǻ쵰һἰ꣬׻ر𼤶
ȷʵǲҶ
ߣҪʡµļһýء׻
˵ЩҲûˣҶѡΨһıǲͣ˵ҲȫûҪ٣Ҵ̾ﵽڶʱڵţʱӦûġҶ
׻תһ룬ҲмֵСӣôһ˵ƺеͷ͸ϽŬɡ
ңղ˵ұʲô˼أҶʵ
ܼ򵥣ոеķԭķȫͬԴķ׻ѵνԣԹ塣
ԭģָǣҶתһ룬򣬡ѵķ
ٽķһһԱȣܿķȻƽȻͬԭƺһޡ
ѹһʼϤĸоҲˮɣֻ׵ķΪλķʼͬԴأѵ
һ̣ҶԴ·ըһ㣬һֲԺиֳ
ʵ⡭ܣⲻܡǲҶηϣĸȴӡԺһ㣬֮ȥ
ƵھϹʱƵԯϴһҽΪʡ͡ࡷ֡
Ҷ޷Ҷֻѧˡࡷ̺֮һķһֱΪķסƵھľ裬ֱǴڿռŷɿе֪йءʡ֮뷨ŷı䡣
롶ࡷһʡ֮Ҳͬһڹķ
ҽʵߺġƵھ
νҽ塢꣬ŷɥԯҽɡ
Ҷ޷ţľǰڸĻʵֲòţΪķһҲ׻˵ͬԴķ
ķǿľǰǺأѵҲԯҽɵĴˣҶ˵ɾ췽ҹ̷
ԼʦãټʦҶ޷δʦҶֽԯҽӦþֻλˡҶʦҶһ棬ĿǰϡǵòԿ϶ľԲҶ
˭ѵʦʦֵܣֻʦҶʦֵܣԼǽⲻŵġ
Ҷ۾һ
ٴ۾ָӵѾɢһա
ѹҵôʱʦˮƽʱҶҲǻȻˡ
Ȼҽӵ쾳뷨˵ʵӦҲжӦ쾳ֻϧľǰֻķڸҡź
ţҲûٿ⣬ϾԼԴҲ֪д𰸣ֺα˷Ѿȥ롣
¯ķУһӿ뵤¯֮У¯档
̶̼ʱ䣬һջɫĵҩĳ¯Ż굤Ƴɹˡ
ΪŶǷ˲˼ָСĵҩҶ̲̾Ϣ˵¯߳˷䡣
⣬ڽصȴţһҶ쿪ųæʵ죬׼ǲǾȥҵأ
Ҷ˵ͷ߰ɡ
ٴָķ
ϵָѾһϢʱܱ΢紵һһ㡣
Ҷץָ֣˰ȷȡǿŻ굤
죬ʲôأҶĵҩźʵ
֮ǰռЩҩƳĵҩҶʵ֮
⣬ƵģԵüΪ
ѵƵģҶЦŷʵ
죬ѵ㣬ʦ𣿡˼ĿҶ졣
ҲˣȷʵһССʦҶʵش
˵ʦҪؾΪģѵ㣿ŵ۾ͣû˵ȥ
ǺǣѾͷ֪Ļ治µҲûʲôˣȷʵһ֮ˣһΪɲǳҶ̹һС
һ̣ŵĿʮָӣɫǷݰҲ޷εġ
һζʲôζԼǰͬˣζվ뿪׵뿪뿪Լȴƽֹ¼ŵ硭


367 
죬ôôأڲŸҡǿһ˿΢ЦװƽӱԹ
Ҷ첢ûȥҿǲαװһЦ˵ֻһֱûлЩҲȷһʼӦø㡣
ŵͷ۾ģû˵
ҶҲ˵ʲôҩָУָ̧֣ö룬ָ֮Դϡ
ָ֮Ƥһ˹Ҷͷǿʯͷܹˡ
ˡϲؽк
ţ⣬ǷʲôˣָƺǺԼ״
ϴδɽϻ֮һֱԲѣҶˡżӯ
ԭԼأָʵ
ʮˡŻش
ôˣţˣˣλ˭أָע⵽ԱߵҶ졣
Ҷ죬ǿջһ﹤Ҷ쵹Ǻǫҽ
ǰκõģ֮ǰ˺Щ򣬶˵Ѿûˣҿ켰ʱ֣ҪȻŮ֪ôáź˵
Сֵܣʵ̫лˡָм
ÿǰǿջ˶ٰͣھǳƽˡ˵ţҶִӴȡһ񵤣ݸָŵҩ԰Ѹٻָ񣬳ȥ֮ܿͿԻˣˣǸŮİɣҾȳȥˡ
񵤽ָҶת뿪˷䡣
ϷţʵգҶ쳤һ૵Ҳˡ
ʱĽ𣺡죬㡣
ңҶЩɻ
ջֻſվһƲӣҶһ֪ҹ͵ϮǸˣȻҲ֪Ŀˡ
һҶ죬ӱس磬ȣҡӣӦҪ˶þ͵ñˡ
˳ķϣͻɡ˵ţҶ̽ؿȥһơ
ۣ
һöӱᡱһľ֮С
뱻Ƴӵɫʱתл磬л
вԱУΪ֮ɡҶ쵭˵
ǣСĽǴ̻塣ӹشӦ
סǾ߰ɡҶ˰֡
ӴӦһȻƵı˴š

ָ񵤺󣬾ָܿڴŵţЩˣðɣ
ţأɰæýͷöŻش
Ǹûû鷳ɣָǵʵ
һ𽪽ž̲סЦʼȷʵÿɧң֮ɾͲˣֻҲСڸҧˡ
Сڣָɻ
СǰߵһֻС󣬵㲻֪Сһɴˣ˵ʲô⼸콪˺üΣΪˣϻصػ1龧һֻ󣬺Ϊ˶ԸСڡЦǺǵ˵
ϲãָҲοʲôأʵΪ˸ȻܹһۿŮǵ˼
ôһʣϵЦİ
ôˣָ
֮ˣȻ֮ˣأ˽׻ʹ
ָ̾˿ظŮı֪緲˺֮֮һԽĺ蹵
ָĿԵԱ˵ҲһϲѶΪƽʱλϰǿɲ
ϵȺ󣬴һֵףһȾƵҲ˼̬䡣
ֱҹʱ֣ɢᡣ
ص䣬Ҷڴ˼ãߣϾ̫µԼȥ
ڽߣҲûʲôȷļƻϸ룬ƾԼһ֮ҪѰҶʵЩѣҲֻһһѰˡ
ȥƸڿɡҶ̾˿˵˵ĺ̻ܲܽĻһȥǧǧСѾͷû׼ܽĺ̻֮æѰҶ顣ֻϧФܹ˵ƺͦԶӣˣҲͲǰˡ
ڽдµʱ䣬ǰµͻ֮⣬ʣʱ䶼ССķɳҶ֪ɳֻڽıɽһǣ뿪Ӻ󽫻ῴ磬ȻҲǿĶ֡
ƲЩ˼ڴ̧һö룬ϸع۲
뷨Ÿѧᣬоϣûȫա
ݹеĽܣмһ˿룬룬ٵɢ룬̶ɾơ
Ҳ˵ھ漰ķΧڣɿһжͺñǸղһ㡣ȻԽԶƵľҲԽҪĵľҲԽࡣ
Ҷɿָþٿж
ԼתһȦЧĿǰʱ޷ʮƽ⣬⻹Ҫʱĥ
ϰ˼ҶĿһתǽڿȥͬʱҲǡݡһǽڼȥ
ǽֻʣ֮ʣȻסƣöǽǰӲͣƹھңһʱûܿȣ˲ɢһա
ϰҲ൱ģҶ쳤һдָ̾ӯ
ţּϰִ˲ƣϰʮ飬ȻûﵽӦֵĵزҲǿˡ
ȥջصǰ̧۳һö룬Ȼͬʱöж
һԺ֣öͺñһãöִͬһǵǱȽɣҪִвͬĶǱֹ˴ʧ˵öȫɢ
Ҷֶ˲ԣ֣ԼĿǰľֻͬʱ۳ʮö룬޷ά̫áǽöǱ࣬ǿͬʱöִͬһ
Լļ޺Ҷ콫ջڣֻһöǰϰ
ŵǿԻգֻҪڰ;ɢ»ԪջڡϾɴԪ۶ɣȻͷС̺ԪǺܻġ
ϰƬ̺Ҷһ룬ŤͷһԻ˯Сڿȥ
Ц͵͵СڼϮȥ
Ϯǰ֮ʣСһѹſС죬һҧס룬Ž䡰ǡҧ飬ֱ̽˶ӡ
СӣͰ͵ؿҶʵˣҪıɱС㲻ҪС𣿡
Ҷһգ͵ˣֻ뿴ķӦѡ
һСһûӦһغˡС
ҪַӦûУҲҳʹ졣Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵ȻҲֻ˵˵ѡ


368 Ǳ
СŲӣһίӣҶ㳶⣬ʵϴζԸֻʱǸܲòأ
ϴǶͷһʹȻͻȻͱˣڱ䲻ˡСڻش
ıͷϵķйءҶЩźԭһСڱʵڿвͨˡ
ʲôأСɻʵƺԼȫ˽⡣
Ҷ̾˿ڰ˵ˣ˯ľɡ
ˣɲҪ͵ϮСˡСЩĵض
ĺˡҶĨĨ
ٴ룬ҪϰͻȻŵ
죬ҪߣҪߡ˵λ
ҶһĪЩ˸С
峿һֽдȼ֣Ȼ㲻Ƕ
Ȼû뻨µԼ뿪ɳ֮ǰȥĺ̻һˡ
˳·ܿ˻·ſڡ
̧ţȴţضԷ֪ԼҪصؿŵģǣҶֱƿ˽ȥ
ϣźҶлһ
˵Ҫ˼½һ˿Թһ
ڿɲǾƺʱ򣬸Ͻɣκú󻹵ø·Ҷߴٵ
ôҪ뿪ɳ𣿡ƽʵ
ţȥƸڡҶ򵥵ػش
ѵλ˵𣿡Цʵ
ӦùĵɣҪǲҾˡҶЩͷ
ǸļļһŹɡ·Ը
Ҷһɣǹţȥ
һһ伫Ůӹ뷿ԴΪɫӴΪɫ͸Ƶġ
ſʵĴϣڴͷӸǵؿڴ¶˵Ĺ֣ƺӡ
Ҷ˿ĭϽȴѰɣ㡣˵űתߡ
Ȼû㱻´Ӻ󷽻
СһＱأѵ㲻뿴˵𣿡µŹħһ㣬ҶЩ
ٿϸ۵ֱۣҶаȻһ뵽ŮǸʮϸŮʱвͷʱɢ
ҪٲѣҿɾͲˡҶȻ
Ǹ˳㻹ռˡµ˫Ҷϲʵĸš
ҶȫΪȻ˵ôоұռ˱أв֪˿û׼ΪҶʲô˾ء
Ц͵ȫ˽㣬ýռ˺ˡ˵ҶҶǰŲȥ
ۡسǰǾϾȻһܿܵģҶ֪ԷǸְѳֲסĳ嶯
Ҷ֮ʱҽҶǰһӯҶǰ
Ҷ̲һǰľʱȴסˡ
Цû֦չСһ￴飬ǲǺʧأ
ʵ²ǹӣһûм֣һɫСãûйӣλʮ˵ġ
Ů˻湻ĵġҶѾ൱ɷϣĵ׻ôһССʧ
ǲΪûйӸ㿴ЩأĻ͵Ϻˡ
ˣҿû㿪ЦϽȥŰɡҶɫԸ
ðɺðɣǸļһ°˰ۣȻŤ֫ص˴
Ҷ˸̬תߵǰڻ¶£Ը
ҶķԸջ֮С
Ҷ̧֣һöܿ
Ҷö룬ɫ΢䡣
Ҷû˿ɣ˦ֱ㽫ŻµĵѨȥ
ɲǣ﷢һߣüͷҲһ塣
֮Ҷ̽µ󣬱۾ȫעؿ롣
ھ£뻺ͨµĵѨ֮С
һƬڣΨǿɢ͵Ĺâ
Ҷʹűƽ֮Ŀ֮Ǳһֳֻ档
ֳֻϣɫϲһſ¡īɫѩ㣬ƵġԴҲܣͱƽ̵ֻ۾𣬲ֻ۾ϷĶͷȴǳĴǡ
ȻνĹơ
ֻֻܿĿֻĹ۾ס롣
ҶŸͣΪ˼µˣûóȻǴȽֻţȻٳ֡
ڸôҶа취ʹΧȦӣֻԵüΪĿ룬Ҳ벻ͣתš
ȦתЩͷˣ΢΢ţƺҪʲôӡ
Ȧ󣬹ͻȻһţƵģ³һīɫĳ࣬Ϯȥ
Ҷһ飬æʹˣյض˹Ƶͷ
˿ֽ뿿ţתǼȦתƵƢԽԽ꣬ʱʱͷϮ룬ÿζҶض㿪
գ޿̣߶ʮһŭسţȥ
ҶȵľᣬڹƳŵɲǣʹŹƵԴȥɹ̽˹ƵԴû塣
ӱеɲǣƵ˲ʯ
Ȼû͸ʱ״̬ӦһԱֶΡ
Ҷæּһ֧룬뻨УֻʯĹƻȥ
ײʯƵɲǣȻײ˸һ㣬öĴ
γ޹ҶҲֻ֣ܰԼĿǰΪȫֻ쾳ǿƵĹơ
ջҶ˿۾˵ֻܽʱѹסܹѹƶǾͲö֪ˡ
ˣȽΪָԻ취ѹ˵
Ҷ˵ͷֵʱԻĺ̻㣬㽫
ʱŶЦ
Ҿˣ͡ԱϣҶƵ뿪˻µķ䣬ֱĺ̻ĴţŴһ
ţջķһۣȻתֱϷȥܿ뿪˷ɳ
Ҷ뿪󲻾ãɳţʿǱس˽
ˣˣ
ɲ֮
ˣˣС۷˻ʿƴϱȥɳ죬ڣɳϯһ㣬ƺ̼ܽɳû
Ϊܸ֮ǰִƸڣҶһ·ͷ·
һһСʱɳѱԶԶ˦ȻʱĽŲȴȻֹ
͵һԴˣǼһﻹûн
һ뵽£Ͻͷߣѽܰ뿪


369 
Ϊ˵ƣѵеȥȻʱͻȻ
ϸһɫʱ䣬æ裬첽Ҷ췿䣬ȻȴûҶӰֻֽ
һɲõԤУ첽ߵǰֽһ˲סˡ
ˣˡ
űһᣬˮ̲
ţţϽߣָŵسһűͷȥ
һ̣˶ƴӿȥԭŶʱˮйͨ
ֱν򲻴ԽǼٶȾԽܿѶڻһȺˡ
ΪջλڱŸԾЩԶ
Ůûüκζϱȥ
ֵѾһƬǼӰ˵Ķأ·ЩС̯ҲƷ̯̯ӡ
ⳡĩսһ㣬쳹ӣ־˵顣
ŮܵĵʱϷѾ˺ѹѹһƬˡ
ٻͷȥɳƶƹ˶ñǰ
ˣұϼˣϽȥǶɽͷϱѣһʿ侲غţЩӿϵȺ
ҲֻȥǶɽϱˡǰƣָǵ˵˵űǶȥ
ЩѼڳϵȺһͷԣҲ׷ױǶ
ҶȫȻ֪ɳɿسɳȥ
˴ԼСʱȻǰһȺӭ汼зˣҲ֮ˣЩϻŴСɫҴңƵġ
Ҷܿ棬ǰͷһѵСӣɳˣϽ߰ɡ
ʲô󳱣Ҷ쾪֮ǰԼ뿪ʱ򻹺úõģôͻȻأȻʲôǿЩؾǿ߶ǼҴҵӣһǼΣյѡ
˶ӳ𣿡Ҷæʵ
̫ͻȻˣӳӦöλϵˣ򱱵Ҫˡ
ⷬҶͷһݳɣæӷ񱼶ȥ
ɳһƼߵɽ壬ɽ£ΨгӵһԵɽνһ򵱹أĪɽɽǧˡ
ʱЩɢȫɽϻۣǽϣ˴˴
վɽϣؿӵȫò
ȥǵصɳˮһӿӱţɳ֮˲̮档
εôͣ
ǰƼֱǰδУʵ̫ͻȻˣȻûһԤס
󳱹ɳҪˡ
Ƿ׷ţؿż԰٣еֻǱˡ
Զ᲻ͣع䣬˵ĲǼұ٣Ǹ˾Ȼߵɴ࣬һ涼ûϡ
ű֮ʣȺһӡ
Щǽҵ
һ˶ˡ
󳱹Ҳûˡ
ǰʧĻҡ
ɽһȺˣ˶һֻ
νҾټҶǰѣΪ׵ǽҼǸӵеؾԲΪͷ
֧Ҷܹʮˣɽڽͷϰűֱ˲ţ˿ͺմսϻİܱһ㣬Ц
Ȼܸߣյҡӣѣȫɽˮ
ɽ󣬽ܿȺҵţűһɨûҶӰ⵹Щϰˡ
ãǻСôûһأЦߵŸǰʵ
ֻ뿪һϾͻġҲֻӲͷƤ˵ȻöԷ֪ҶѾ뿪ҪȻԷȻôߡ
ãʱ򣬱үɵú⼸ˡԼȫ˶ڣȻپҶ졣
ԴһƲٴ
޳ܣҲܶԷԼ˵ã󳱹ϵǶðˣҪҪһأ
ûſھָܾǰһȻ˵Ůûκθ飬ٲŮˡ
ɫһѲ㻹ӱү䲻Ů𣿡
ŮֻǸͨͨŮΪ֮ˣֺαҪǰ޳ܵļһָʵ޿̡
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ָǸŮɸʲȰ㻹Ǿɡָᶨ˵
ү϶£ûзĵ˵
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žһǰײͬʱַŭ򽪽߳ȵﶯִأ
ſȣһҡţһȻ˵˭ϵƲԳԷơ
ϵ˷׷ָǶ˵̫⵽
ȻɽϾŲˣǴЩƽգеļλؾǿҲҸĵͷ߶Կ
ָӵֵ۾򽪽ȵҸ㣬ֻҪһһڣŮԽ
ǱүʹûΪֹ˵Աϣָһϴȥһơ
ָٴĵأ־ǿ
Ҫ뽪Կæ޺ֹһ̰ɣ˵ˡ
ʱԶĽڿڵˡҲȥἤߡ
үү㲻֪ǸŮǸҵ¶Ļ쵰һġæҽ˵
ɫһʵд£
ȻҵĶ䣬ȫСΪش
ʳСӵɡԸ
õɺ󣬽˲٣ŸŮȥаЦʵ˵Сӵģ˵ĻɾͱҲˡ
뿪ˣûġźʵ˵
ҿѰĶ˰ɣȻˣǾǸŮˡŲЦ
Ȼɲǣһ
үôΪأѲ
϶ʱϲɫܿһ˿ϲֱǣ£ǿȫڳͶ·
һ󾪻ţ뵽нǿ߳ʱ
ͷȥ׼ҶˣȴһӭϮ


370 
ܿ㿴壬һö룬Ƽ죬ӦϮǰ
ۿ뼴Ҫ͸ţһ죬뱻ϮһƫӽһһѪۡ
ϴĴʹɽȫȻƺûдӾ֮лع
Ҷ־½ߵȻƳһۣҲ֪ͷһǽҼ
Ƭ̺һȻع
үүͣͣһ߾ţһȥΪֻͷЩᣬ˵϶ġ
ſ첽ܵҶǰ죬ôֻأԵЩǣ֪ҶҲ֮ˣɲΪҶܴùǿߣοڽ˶ڳ
Ժ׵۾ǲֿ޳СèأҶЦ
һ죬æţŲΪ޵ġ
û˵Ϊҿ޵ģôʲôҶ컵Ц
㣡ߣҶϴһ¡
ʱʵ˺ӺҶӵ˾㣿
ҶŤͷȥûҸɵģҲ㻹֪㽪ҵҲҡ
δŭƽ˵ǲСӦΪɣƾһ֮ܶԸ𣿡
˽ⷬŻæҶȰ˵죬Ͻ߰ɣҪˡ
ߣŶûУʮ˵
ҶмЩɨһۣߣСүҪߣƾССĽס𣿼Ȼǽһ˶ڳãСүһʰɾʡ鷳
ҶⷬΧ˷׷˽
˵ͦеʶģֻϧ̫ˣǵڽ
ѵ֪⽪ǵؾԲǿ𣿡
˰ʲôã̫嶯ˡһ̾Ϣ
үүϻֱӽˡе
ȫһϰɡҶȻ
Ը㣬ϷһӡȻǰһ
δҲ̫ԼˣԸ㣬һӡԱҶӰζȭȻʩչ
ԷУûҴ⣬֮ȡһɫȻһϵȱ
ע룬ȼ˺ɫɲ֮Χ¶Ȼ˶оڻһ㡣
ɺҽһг˳ƳҶ췽ȥ
֮ʣһ޴ĻߣŤӴƺȻҶҧȥ
һ˫˫̾Ŀ£ԼٶȳҶǰſ죬һڱ㽫Ҷû
һĻŵ۾ͣȻ˿
ĽһЦһҶǱˡ
ΧҲε̾ϢΨнüͷһ֮ɫ
Ƭ̣һ⣬æһͬʱгעؿڡ
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ᣡ
ӰȭͷȻڽǳǰĻϡ
ϵ֮ɢһգţֻǡһ죬ϵȱȻϡӰּǰϮȥܿײ˽ϡ
أ
ҲάƬ̱㱻Ӱྡྷ˳ײڽϣһѪ
һ̣ȫһƬž˶ĿɿڴؿǸӻ߳ꡣ
Ȼһ֮ڻ˽ʵ̫˼ˣһоȻڴݻϵȱֻ֮˽󻹽ش
ΨһĽͱǣ쾳ǿߡ
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372 
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һĻҶ۾һȻ֪С״̬ܷеùǰɳʣٻеϣġ
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ƺǲΣɳʻæס˳ƣͬʱ˦βСڱ޴ȥ
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˫һ̱ڵأӲͣţΪ־ӶЩŤˡ
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373 Ƹ
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վջķϣŸŮݣԭĥŵ׬Ǯ֮뿪ӣϣھҵһС
ڷ﷭˰죬òҵ˹̨ȴϣ̨ЩʯѾɳʳ
ʲôûˣôأſŸףۿʪҪ֪ЩǸŮЩĲƸȴǻΪС
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һҽУԼץȥʱСѾ֮زز
֪ԼκβֻæìͷָҶ죬ŭȵСӣҧӵָ첻һĽ뿪
ҶƽЦţݲȵʵ֪ϵҪĽأ
ô˵Ҳ⳥1000龧ˬظ˸ۡ
1000龧ָͷɱȾŽ޺˻ҪֵǮҶһȻžƣһЦ
ǵȻҪⲻǮĻֳˡָָһԵţ˵
С㣬û뵽㻹ֵͦǮҶ쿴ŵЦ
ųƳƳۣȰѾõӦеıӦˣҿ߾ˡ
Ҷʼ磬˵ֻӬһ϶ϲߡ
Сӣ˭ӬأߣԵͷǲ֪ˡӴӴȡһ師ּ̧Ҫȥ
ƣҶץƱż˦˹ȥ


374 Ӷ
ȫûҶľƱֱӻӶ師ȥ
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Աϣٴξ師Ҷ˹ȥ
⼸ɫջҲ׷ȡҶ졣
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ţöҶʹ֮£Ӱȫͨһ飬ֳ˳ɨ
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߳ӶɵˣƬ̼ʹΪɢַǸδţ˵һ𺳡
˵ĳƶȻֹǶͷð麹Ҳ˿־壬֪ܲԷʩչʲôʽһǿԿ϶ģǾǶԷΪԲǳ
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˵Ǻܻ飬100龧Ҷ˵100龧Ѿ൱ʵˡ
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͹һ52ʯ̨һЦ˵
52ʯϵû˵ɣҶһ
͹٣û˵52ʯļǮһôʵݵġȻǿ˵ҲȷʵֻǸСĿЦ˵
ûϣҶȴǱһ䣺ã㵱ϸɽҿҲ52ң룬ջ԰͵ʱһҲ80ңﾹȻ㷭ʮͷŸŮҲΪ۸е
һգոۿҶǼһթ100龧ԭڴŶԷ󷽵ضһ龧˵ҡһﾹȻС
ļ۸ѾƸˣңǳԵһӿɶǱƲˣƿںƾֵ20ˡƵ˵
죬ѱôߵİɡָ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȡһ龧ϣڰֵˡ
㶣ʵЩͷԣһոջӹ󣬶ȴִ󷽵˵ǿԷתȥ滳Լˡ
٣Ǵǧ治СЦֹţ龧룬ȻհѳŹϣȴԷȻֵͷˡ
òַ˰ɣϲ˰Ѻ
Ҷ󲽻ص̨ǰȻҪǮġ
ҵϰ𣿡Ҷ򰫶ʵ
ңǣһص˵ͷ
ſֽ˵ҵҪתǰɣҶʵ
ûѵչ𣿡ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷʵǮأ
һڼ1000龧˵
ʲô1000龧ȾŽ޺˻ֵǮˣҶ񺹡
Ҳǿ񺹣Ҳˣ˺òһ꣬Ϳ׬1000龧ˡ
Ҷϸһĥ֮ߣҪ׬1000龧ȷʵ£ֻǣԼҲ͸ոթ100龧Ҫ1000龧ٻթüΡ
뵽ЩƲƲֹ֪ղŶˡţֶ԰˵ҵԤˣȥɼƱȻǮ
ǣǣһĨźһߴӦ
߳ݣӭʵ죬أ
ǰ˵Ҫ1000龧Ҷش
1000龧ɣŵɴ۾
1000龧Ҳ󡣡ָԵú򶨡
û£ȥСƦ㣬ܿͿԴˡҶ첻ΪȻ
ȴȰ죬Ҫȥˣòá
ӣҶҲֻ̾˿ðɺðɣǾ׬Ǯɡ˼Ƭ̣۾һˣ˵ͽͦ׬ǮģֻҪȥӸӸһƱӦþ͹ˡ
ǻ᲻ΣأŲĵ
ģҿ쾳ǿߡҶŵ
Ű
ҶֵȥҼҸߵùסɡ
ŸŮȻû
ţҶڳ˼ϵεùݣŮСڸǵڡ
뿪ùݺҶ·һ꣬ϵܣһ⡣
һɵؿҶ졣
ͽĽӵģҶʵ
ĶͷðȻӶЭˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ޵ͦģǿӣһѶȻһЩӶЭôߵģ
꿴һ㿴Ҷ죬ǰֱ߾Ϳҵ£
ϲ㣬ˣ˹Ȼǰ;Ҷתȥ
˰죬ҶıӰ˾񾭲
Ҷ˳ֱֵʮӣһ·˺üˣҵ⴫˵еӶЭᡣ
ʿ˵ӶЭᲢʲôİĵطԽӵͽ񣬻ܴӶţȻЩҪѵġ
ʱӶЭѾˣͦõӡ
ɢһɨؾʿв٣쾳ʿȴһҲû
Ҷ첢ûмŽȥǰϲ쿴дһЩӶЭĽܡ
ЩܿԵ֪ҪӶЭ񣬱עΪͽˣӶš
ͽ˵עҪΪ10ʯעѣӶŵҪõˣԱΪõټע1
Ҷͷ޵żͣעֱˣӶЭᵹͦġ
¿ʱʱΡ
ԭͽ˻еȼֵ֮ģӵ͵߷ֱΪDCBASSSSSSһ߸ȼ
ÿ˸עʱDDCҪ1龧ķãÿһķþʮϸһ㣬DSܹҪ1111龧ȻǹǮеģÿȼӦΪҪSҪ쾳Ϊ


375 
ͽһӶҲӦĵȼ֣ķøӰ󡣲ӶиôǱǿԾһҲ˵BӶſԽA񣬶ͨͽ˽񲻵øԼȼ
ΪƣԲͽ˻ӶţﵽӦĵȼ󣬶ᾡܵҪ֪ȼ񱨳ʮʮĲࡣ
ȻͬʱѶҲӦЩո̤ؾǰڵʿǽΪCͽ˺ȻȡCͽ񣬵ǵʵδɵˡˣʱҪļԱ齨ʱͽŶӣǵ֧һ
ĵ۹˵ƸڲʲôУ˵㣬ҲֻǸСССһ쾳ǿΪģԣSϵͽ˼ţSϵͽȻҲ֮١
ҶĿǰһ쾳ʵԭѾԽΪSͽˣȫҵ100龧AҲˡ
ٿЩBͽ񣬱۴󲿷ֶʮ龧Ҷ˵ȥҼСƦһʵڡ
ҶΪҪ޹֮ʱͻȻһϤҶֵܣ
ŤͷȥǺ硣
磬ôɣҶЦӭȥ˿飬Ҷ쵹ͦõġ
Ҷֵܣû뵽ҲƸˡ첽ҶǰҶһϲõӡ
ǰǰһӻڷɳ򣬲ɳ󳱣ԾѵҶ˵
ɳ󳱵ҲţҶֵܹȻʵ̫ˡⷬûκΪҶеˡ
磬Ҫ𣿡Ҷʵ
ǰϾ͹ˡ˵
ӦBͽ˰ɣҶʵȻӵеؾΪǶBͽˡ
ûBҲЩͷˣҲ֪ʲôʱһ̾ϢֵҶֵܵΪӦÿԽAˡ
˵ö֧𡣡Ҷε˵
ҶֵܲطգҰ֧ǡţʮִ󷽵˵
ô˼ءҶҡͷ
Ҷֵܣϻǵǵǿž޺øǣжֵûֵССⶼܣǽֵԿɫ˵
ӣҶҲپֻܾЦЦӦȻ綼ѻ˵ˣҲƴˡ
Ҷֵܣȥɡ
תҪȥɾʱһΪϤ
ֵܣóˡ
ãӦһҶǸ˵ҶֵܣܱǸȥˣҸ龧Լȥˡ
磬λĺ̻ỤӶӳշ壿Ҷ쿴ŸղŽлӣ򺫷ʵ
Ҷֵϵ⡣
ȷʵϵӦòϵҡҶشũؾԼװҲˣԷȻϵԼ
ǺǣնӳɲСϵҲûʲô֡Ц
ʲôϵأҶʵ
ҲǸոսŽʶģΪļӣұǶ顣ش
ƸӦĺ̻ķֲɣΪλҪӶЭļأҶЩ
˵ֲͦġ͵
Ҷתһ룬ʵжٱأ
ֻҪƽ͵Ŀĵأÿ˿Եõ500龧ıꡣʵش
ͻ͸˾ܵõ500龧ĺ̻Ȼǲƴ֣ڻȱ𣿡Ҷæʵɵ׬ǮеȻҲһѡ
ҶֵҲ𣿡ʵ
ȷʵ뷨Ҷʵ˵
ҶֵܣȰ㻹ǱͽãжƺͦΣյġȰ
磬㲻ԼôҵˡҶЦ
˵λ;пܻ񶾽̵ϮԣĿǰΪֹһӡ͵
񶾽̣Ҷ뵽˻еĹƶ˵񶾽̹µĶ˿񶾽̵ʵԲĺ̻
ǺΪҪðأҶ첻ʵ
Ϊ񶾽Ų֮𡣡ȼŭͬʱ¶һ˿˵ǻ˱˵¡
ԭˣǴл͵ʲôأҶʵ
ܿ콫ߵش˵ŵɶС㡣
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬˵һˣ治ð˷գɶûʲô飬ȴҲһ֮ԵǿںǧǧСѾͷϣæǵðġ
磬ĺ̻һ˿飬Ҳ顣Ҷ˵
Ҷֵܣ񶾽̿ǼΣյĵˣɵ˼С粻ĵȰ
ĺˣѾúˣ߰ɡҶЦĺ
ȻҶִֵˣҲȰ˵ˡε˵ţҶշȥ
շǰܵնӳλҶ죬Ҳǡ
շҶ쿴˿ʵ֪ҶֵΪΣ
Ҷش𣬺˵նӳҶֵܵΪɸࡣ
շԾȣЦ޵Ҷֵܿλѵõſ
նӳˡҶǫ
ĳ˵ǣ·Ͽܻ񶾽̵ϮҶֵܿշɫѵ
ղźѾ˵ˣҲúˡҶ˵
ȻǺĳлҶֵˡշм
ҵҶڰ֡
²˳٣ǸϽɡշ˵
նӳٶЩ𣿡ʵ
Щһ˵񶾽ϮˣٵȥҲֻ˷ʱѡշε
նӳʵòŸ˵񶾽̵£ڸ߶ջ£һкܶԸġЦ˵
ôĺ̻շЦֵˣҶֵܼ룬ӦҲˡ
Ǿ͸Ͻ߰ɡҶ
˱뿪ӶЭᣬںշĴ֮ºܿĺ̻ſڡ
ĺ̻ӶЭа֮ң߽λƸĳ
ʱĺ̻ſͣһӴȷе˵Ӧòһ޳ΪĲһֽ̤޵ķϵޡ
ϵּϡе֣Ҳֻĺ̻ĴӵϡĽͨߡ
޳ԻվһһŮеʮӣüĿһλؾԲǿߡŮĶʮӣؾΪ㣬ϹЦݣһƵӡ
շҶͺŮǰ˫˸ܡ
Ӻշе֪Ů˼ҵˣ˼Ҳʲô壬ֻǹ˳ĺ̻ͼ塣
ǿʳ磬ûиɽĻЩСǺվȽŸġ
ܺ󣬺շٴǿǴеǲϧһеرɶС㣬ͿǱ쾳ǿ߳߸ֻҪ˳棬ǵҲˡ
ɨһۺ󣬺շֵˣҶϽϳɡ
ǣ˱½ϣڵǳ;УҶע⵽λݳĳȻӵŵؾǰΪ
ϸһȴҲ⣬ҪԦֻ̤Ȼͨġ


376 ж
Ŀռʮֿм䱻һϯţӦʮˡ
͸ȥϡһŮӣҲ֪ɶֻʱ״̬ƺ̫˵ӡ
ڳȺ󣬳ߺһ޳ʻҶԾ澹Ȼо˿ͻζһȡ
Ҷͺ̾ӣշЦЦ͵޳ڳϼΪҳڻӳ˼󷨣ʻΪƽȡ
ԭˡҶͷ׹ţֺʵնӳɶС״̬ƺ̫ãǲأ
շüͷ̾˿ֺĳʹÿɶС㲻ʬ
նӳԶҽܹɶСȥϵĶҶ˵
Ⱥշ忪ڣǸǿһмس˳Ҷ죬һ˵񶾽̵ʬɲԶҽ˵ܽġ
ǿǸ߰ԸˣʮӵеؾԲΪ˼ͼ˵ѾżصˣҲˣֲһ԰Ը
ղշĽܣ˵ҶҲӵеؾԲΪشǿģˣҶΪжԽԽˬ
ֵ˵Ҳû񶾽ֵһ̣µĶɲô׽ġշ̾Ϣ
Ҷüͷ˵ûһ޷û׼´ܽ˶Ҳ˵
ôɵ£ɶСɲƷһи̣㵣𣿡ǿĵ
ǿⷬȻЩ񣬵Ҳȷʵ˵ûĺ̻ᣬĵ۹˵ɶ޿ĴڣҲˣЩΪ˽ϧԵĺ̻Ϊۡ
ΣշԲҶֵܣֻҪɶС㰲ȫ͵ͿǣǱԻᰲžΡ
ȻԷô˵ˣҶҲûûȤƲƲ첻˵
ʵڿǿǸΪǵӣҶһȰ˵ҶֵܣֻҪɺնӳǵˣǲɵ۾ͱ²ˣЩúĵ¿ηΡ
˵ǡҶЦ
˵ҲǣֻǳǮģֵַͷϵĹˣùܵľͱϹܡǿȻ˵
Сӣɱۿ˵ֵͣ׬⼸Ǯͻ𣿸㣬ҶֵܵʵҪ׬500龧Ҳ̧֮¡ƢãֹƵļһȴǴ粽á
˵ñȳûҪⱾ£ô⳵أǿЦ
ȻԼԭ򣬶Ҷֵǿǵĺ̻Щ飬Ų˻ˮյ˵
ĺ̻н飿ǣҿĺ̻Ǯнɣǿ
磬㻹˵ɡϵŮȰŮӽ磬ǿǱùϵ
շͷԣæתƻ⣬ҶʵҶֵܣ֪ĺ̻ʲôأ
ҶҲ˵ũؾ£ֿǿ⸱ɪ˵ĺ̻Ứмֽ顣
ϣշüƬ̣۾һʵҶֵָĪǻ£ϣ
ǡҶͷش
˵λΪ˹׵ĹƶΪ˳֮ϯˣôĺ̻ʽ飬ôҲҸĳϲǡǿ䳰ȷ
ǿⷬշʱˣֵܣ⻰δҲ˵ЩˣΪĺ̻ŻΪ᳤֮Իϳ֮λҲΪĺ̻Ṧû
ǰ磬̫үүҲܾػϣôô˵ءָ
ǿҲʶԼ⻰˵ЩͷֻϴˣԻӲ˵Ҳû˵ʲôֻ˵λǰѡ
շ̾˿ִҶȴһЦ˵ЩǴ϶У֪Ľ
ѵҲɣǿмغߺһ
㣬˼Ҳΰɣʵ㣬ڵĹƶѾҸѹסҪ˶ָ쾳ΪҶһŪϵĴ䣬һĵ˵
շ˶һ¶˺֮ɫ
˵Ѳݸ壬ڵĹƶ쾳ΪĹƣƾѹƵסǿȻҶĻ
ʱȥϣǲҶεöҶ쵭Ȼ˵
ߣɵӲŻĻǿߺߵ
Ҳøϻ˭ɵҪ˶Ȼд𰸡Ҷ첻ΪȻ˵
ʱڵɶͻȻһžȻŻѪ
˼ƶǴ󾪣æ˹ȥ
ɶãɶãлûӦæɶ˲ߵѪ
ڵĶѾ࣬Ҫ˶þ͵һغˡҶƽ˵
˵˵ɶСֻһ˿ô˵ôءǿȻȵ
ȻǶ֪񶾽ֵһ̣ôͲ֪һ˿ζʲôأҶ𳰷Ц⡣
Ҷôһ˵շҲȻ򣬾ֻһ˿Ҳˡ
ٶǰշ򳵷Ը
ųһߺȣԿ˼֣֮ǰûȫǰֻǵ̤޻;ƣͣѾܲôˡ
ҶȻ£ʵڲĿɶôȥԱ㿪˵ǲҵҽҰһûɣٿ֪ܻá
շ룬ͷӦǾ鷳Ҷֵˡ
ǿû˵ʲôϾҶֻ˵϶ѣȻҲûţǼˡ
ٳɣҶѸ߽ڡ
ֻɶɫǯϣ촽ڣҲԵü΢
ҶӣץɶƬ̺ԱߵԸϽѴ򿪣ɶСΪԲŵ˶Ӽӿ졣
һϽҶķԸߵĴһ죬ʱ޳ڼʻУ΢дӿ
ҶֵܣɶСΣշ役ǵʵ
ֻܳŵʱˡҶɶ֣Ȼȡһƿⶾ˵һֽⶾҩȻɶСĶܹڵĶɢǲĵĻԼȹһһԡ
˭֪ǽҩǶҩû׼񶾽ļϸҲ˵׼ǿɵ
ҶֵۻǱˣȻǽ֮ˣҲˣóֺáȰ˵
Ҷ̾˿Ҳգʱշȴ˵ҶֵܣʵⲢβε⣬ְòӵ̷㲻ĻúĳԳһŰɡ
ҶȻҲշⷬǵһŽⶾշ塣
շµҩԥض
оƬ̺˵ͷ˵ҩԼƽӦͨҩƵİɣ
ûⶾҩĶͨĲҩǶҩԵؾǿҲû˿ЧġҶ˵
ЩҩЧĻǻ֧ҶֵӦǮշ嵹Ǻʵڡ
ҶڰЦЩҩֵǮ˵ֵţɶ
ҵǣֻһ˿ҪȻⶾѹס


377 ˼
Ƭ̺ɶɫָЩת
һĻϲؽкɶõɫָˣⵤҩЧ
ôһ˵շ˿ǿȴһˬӡ
˵̫磬ֻǱ淴ӦѣⶾתֻӻصɢٶȡҶ쵭˵
ⷬһˮһͷϣеϲöȴ
ҶվƿⶾݵԸɶСɫһ͸ιţӦܹŵϡ
ֻҪҹ·Ӧڰҹһ쾳ǿ棬ʱɶСоˡô˵ɺշȴǲ֮ɫһ·ߵô˳ɲôá
Ҷصλ
Ҷֵܣл㲻ǰӣշм
ȻǵǱɶСȫҲǷ֮ˡҶЦ˵շȻЩ壬Ŀɼѣѹֻá
Ҷֵô˵кĳЩշӡ
ˣնӳҲ̫ˡҶȰֺʵ֪񶾽֮䵽׷ʲô£Ϊλֵⲽأ
¾ˣʵĲҪʡǿû˵
˵ûİҶֵܺĺǾλС㣬˵Ͳ֪ǹ²߷
˭أǿŭ
ֵܣڿɲڧʱ򣡡շȻѵ
ǰ磬ʱΣգǱΪ⼦ëƤִˡҲȰ
ǿźߺһͣ
շתͷҶ쿴ȥ˵ʵҲʲôܣλҲ޷ĺ̻񶾽֮ѾܾˣοɶСҲ񶾽̵ı
շһ٣ֽŽǰ˻ؽɶСȥƽһĹΪԭʮƽ£ԱҵȻͿɶСǰûϣڽ⿪ǴĹӡȴ澹һ߲ʬҹʬΧ˽ơţԷҪǽʬĽƽ⿪֪ԷĿĲǹĹıأ߹ʬ
ҪʬʲôأҶ첻ʵ
շ͵񶾽̵Ķʬһаʬ֮ܽʬƳΪսܣʿʬ˵
ȻаɡҶ˵ͬʱֻ˵̩ɽɽ￴Ǿ߲ʬ塣
շ˵ʱǲµɶСĻˣܾܿⶾʬãԱܾ󣬶ԷĿҲ¶ˡʬõѾ˸ҶʬҲڳ֪ʵԷɶСװӦ󣬶ʵڰ²ô󷨡
󷨣Ȼ󷨣ҶΪԾ
ʵ⴫󷨾ͺЩؾõĴһڿռ󷨡ֻϧʿǴʧ⴫Ҳͬʧˡʿ˲ٵĴͶλЩλеѾеȴãƸڸһõĴͶλ󡣡շ˵
ô˵ɶСѾʧĴˣҶʵ
շҡҡͷ˵ΪÿͶλĲʽв죬ɶС㻹ûоԭȴѾܹ«ưЩĴͶλ󣬲óӦĴ󷨡
û뵽ɶСѧѾﵽ˾˵ĵزҶ쾪̾ѣ룬ѧӢŵĻɲĺ̻ʧĵ۹ʧ
ǿɶСôжأɻ
ڿɶСͷʱ򣬱ˣڱߵɲǣɶСһֻʬĶշ͵
ȻѾ͹ˣʬӦò֪ǵɣҶʵ
ԭźǿɶСܵ˶ʬĶֻʬܲɶСλãѾ׷ˡշε̾˿
ǴĹƸжԶأҶʵ
ƸƬɽ֮У쾳ǿߵĽһ׷Ƹڡշ˵
ô˵ǸӦû׷ǵġҶ˵
һ·˳Ļ϶׷ǵģǰͿǵ;лʬõķǲʱļշ˵
Ҷͺһۣû˵ʲô
˶û˵ʮְʱʱɶĿӺշǽüͷﻹǺܲġ
Ƭ̺󣬺ʵڱﲻסҶ
ҶֵܣϴɳĮʱ˵ɢˣѵڻûҵ𣿡Ҷʵ
ǰôһҲûһ뵽ҶѾͷҶ̲סġ
ȻС豣ѾͷԸ񣬻Ǻѽ
ҶҲֻѾͷܹʵһ㣬ֻ;˽
û׼ǴɳĮ뿪Ҳ˵ο
Ը˰ɡҶ̾˿ƲЩǣЦЦʵһֱƸͽ𣿡
ǰѾЩͷˣ̤ؾͿʼͽˣѾǼӶЭϹ˿ˡЦ
һֱһΪʲôӶأҶʵ
ʵҾһҲûʲôõģڣ޾ȥľȥģ͸һȥ硣ǼӶŵĻкܶԼģϲԼˡЦ˵
㲻ӶţҲҸ໥֮ҲиӦһ˵Ļܹ黹̫į˰ɣҶ˾ͲסģǽԸÿ鶹ײˡ
Ůʲô鷳ˣǴôеعⱲӾ͵ˡ絭˵
˵úɣҶȴܲ¶һ˿˵ٻ֮ǰ˵Լ񶾽֮Ųĳ֮ĳֵϵȻҶ첢δ
޳ٶ·ϼۣһ·ߵú˳˶û˿иҶ컹ʱʱɢ۲Χ
ۿ٣ϵ鶼øΪˣΪһҹ޳ͱÿǰֵаΪġ
һķɳۣ޳Ϊ˱֤ҹнٶȣշ̤ͣϢԻָ
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381 
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ҲǺݺնӳ˵ŵ賿ܺͻϻ档Ҷش
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ҶǰҿЩЫӦþǸղȺһЫŮָʹƽ׷ġ²
䣬Ӱǰ˳ϸһǺ硣
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һ߻ɱЫһ߳޳ܿ죬ǱһȺЫһ嵽޳ǰ
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ҶҲȡǱɫذףעԪ𽣣չ˴ɱ
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Ҳǻȥġն˵
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£нڡסֵ֡
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㣬ǻ᲻ɱǣֲʵ
㶼һֱߵġο
Ҿ·ɡǰһĴ󽣻Ȼ
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ҪҪֱԴһ˻һ赹ڵأɲǼ䣬һ״һ֮±ڡ
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һתͷͬӱ֣һץҲ֮ǰһŲֱȥΪֹ
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һ֮ǰڵ״ֹصڡ
㡣ֻӽ
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Ϊ˾ָԪԪ
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ʱڰռһâ׻ӰȻ֣Сӣǲʲô鷳أ
汻ˡҶڻش
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ڽɼҶЦ̾˿ȴһˣҸطС
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Ǿ߶ʬһ㣬ԴȻ̧
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ЩʬȻֻµĿܣȴҲһǣҿʼʱȻᷢġɶ˵˵ȡ졣
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ҶԪûбʬһƻƣȴǿֲĵ˼
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Ҷ룬ʵûжһзĲĹأڷɳϣʵͦ׹ģֻΪǼһĵңԲûĵ֡


385 µ
Ĳɶü룬ʵǲһ졢աСĲΣ
ԶԶԣ׹Ҷͷ
׹ĽϿƺҲӣʵЧȴǲ⡣ĺ̻üλ϶׹Ҳʩչһ죬ҲͱƽʱԸһЩҿڿͣ͡ڶգڵһĻϽкƮƣƺΪѡУҪ쾳Ϊʩչʵǵڶյļǿ棬ݹһʽУأӳǵЧҲֻһѡڵĲΣҪ쾳ԲȻ˵֮Ҳֻǿŵ˵ѡɶϸؽ׹һ顣
㽫׹ңԣҶԾԾԵ˵ȻҲֻǺѣԼ׹
Ұ׹ķиɶ˵ű㿪ʼʱҶϸţĬĬС
ΪֻǸ䷨ӣƬ̣ɶ㱳ϡ
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ҶɶסȻڿз˸ſԼϣϾԼӵ壬ˤҲŮֻһ
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Ľչƺûǰ˳ƣۿٿڵʬҪסǾڹϣⷢˡ

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ˣ֪ҲôˣԸ취ɣȥˡ׻껯Ϊâɢһա


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ɶ첻ϻţٿ龧ұѾʮ죬ΧһԲСͼ״
һλɶͷѾˡ
ǸϽڴ򿪡һ˵ţһװҶһ
ɶӶ죬һâͼмϡ
ҫâΧЩȥһ⣬һӵͼڡ
ͼڳͣͼڰΧȦе龧ұڽ͸ֳһ׵ͨ
ͨ۾һҪͨȥ
ȻŲɲǣҶȻ̧֣һö룬ĵѨȥ
֪Ҷװ裬ټǰƽȣȻûϵļһﾹȻ͵ϮʱȻΪʱ
Ҷ벻ƫеش˶ĵѨ׽ĳڷ
ȻҶԶԷΪҪƬ̾ͿԽѨλ忪ԣڻֺݺŶؿȥһơ
ϾҶҲ쾳ǿߣִٵһûʹֱӴڶԷҲС
һѪ󷽵ˣתϵԪ˴󲿷ֻȥ
˶ҶѸٳɶǰϱͨС
ͨɶʮϵػӶ죬
ڵıպϣǷŭ󽥽Զȥ
ͨҶɶһЦ
Ҷ磬㲻ǳ˶һϢôôͻָأɶɻʵ
ˣҿҽ̶ֳȵĶѵҡҶ쾡Լ𣬶ʵϣڵ״û˵롣
ô˵ղŻҲװģɶЦʵ
ǰԭֻΪ˷ֹ϶￴Բżװԣû뵽ܳûһҶҵ˵
Ǻǣҿһñˡɶĵ˵
Ѿҳ˰ɡҶ²
ҿûôϾҲ쾳ǿߡɶ
˵ҲǣˣѾȫˣǻҶЦЦܿ˿һ߳ͨǽڶ龧ʯ
֪ܲܳȥɶЩǡ
˳ͨȥɡ˵ţҶͱɶͨȥ
ͨɽܿ콫Ѩ忪ţӴнǱʯȡ˳עԪֱӳ龧ұȥ
أ
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䣡
СС龧ʯɽ׹䡣
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˵ţһȭͷ׹һ޴龧ʯȻѸݽˮ̶֮С
뿪󲻾ãɽ㳹̮
һƬɽǧ𣬷͵֡
ΡƷϣʱͱԣ¶ƲȺɽƵ㣬һشһĨĨš
߳վɽ£һޱȷ龧һϵռš
ϣĵ۹һļǿ֣峤ӵ쾳ԲΪ۷ǿߡ
ϼɽıԵش丮ԺɽһСһӴеĽڰɽ
ƬԺһ;޷֮£һɽ
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˵һʲƸ龧ҪصĲƸΪ壬һľʡ
׻˵磬зΪԪ󾳽磬ֻеΪﵽԪ۷Բʱ򣬲ſ
ȻӵˣӵǴһʼıǱԪߵε
ԪûֵģȴǷ׾ԣӵľϵҲ˵ľϵ
18ȴӵŶ쾳Ϊ൱ֲģһŶ޷֮ʱȵġ
Ȼӵ㾪˵ٶȣֻһԭһԭҵĴָ࣬ɵҩӲϡ
쾳ⶥ磬ʿɼĴģΪһ˾쾳۷壬ڵֻԪҪһΡ
ֻǣʿ˵ӵЩݳˣ˵ǱΪĹҲͷ۵¡
ҲʵĹһֱûȥĳֹ㵼Ϊûʵκľϵʥһ䵽ȴǿԷһ
ߵɽͣ˽Ųڶڵұϣڵɽʹĵ˻ۿʪˣҲ˱ˡ
Ůһκġ۽ˮ
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үү˵ѾûˣԯҽɵҽҲΪȻȴûз֪ԼǾθ׵ΨһϣΪԼľϵӵżǿĻָ
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ڶãֱϦ£Ų˲ˮתȥ
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Ҳ֪ҶôˣлĻȥǣ֪ǲѾҸˡ
üͷһǳ


390 
龧ͨҶ챧ɶسǰš
Ҷ磬ܸоǰļƵġɶؿҶ죬ɻ˵
ɣҿǸմģôܻʶҡҶæ񶨵
ɶ۾һɣһ˷ܵʵ磿ҶǴģ
ǰôˣҶʵ
絽أֻһЩͼƬܺӡɶһ˵
Ҫ˵棬ȻҪڽˣӵеؾΪǿشԽôһȥأҶɻ
һΪȽŲ㣻ҶҵİΣԴûȥ硣ɶһź˵
ɶĻҶһ˿֮ͬģѾͷ󲿷ʱ䶼ǴڼҲѹֻ黭Ϊ֡
ҶЦЦ˵Ľź֮лҴȥ档
𣿡ɶϲ
ȻġҶ϶Ļش
ллҶ磬ֻǺңҲúܿġɶЦ˵
ǺǣľͺáҶ˵ѾͷЦôģҲο
ɶϲõӣҶ¶ģлĻһҪȥ翴һþӹеһˡ
Ҷ磬ȥ֮ʲôҪĺ̻ˣ쾳ΪֻҪҰƼһԳΪĺ̻ĳϵġɶ
ҶȴҡҡͷһҪҪ顣
Ǿû취ˡɶԵЩʧ
ɶһɥӣҶЦЦ˵ĺˣҵǣһȥĺ̻ῴǵġ
ţɶӯӯһЦ˵ͷ
˵䣬߳ͨƺѾߵͷˣҶԶԶǰĳڡɻǣڴƺʲôŽɫĹâɢ̽⣬ȴָû취ɢﲼĳֺũؾƵĽơ
Ҷ磬Ϳ쵽ˡɶҲע⵽ǰĳڡ
ţͷƺʲô˵ţҶӿŲڱȥ
ųԽԽҶȻоԼƺʲôڴָо˷ֲ
ھֻʣԶʱҶͣ˽ŲʱվͨѾܹһСƬ򣬶ҿƺҲһɽӡ
ͣƬ̺ҶСȥԽڣâԽҫۡ
ܿߵ˳ڴľ۵ס
ȷʵһɽĸ龧󶴲СųâģȻһЩɽұϵ֣ȷе˵ӦǷġ
ɽ룬һһߣԲһԲ̨Բ̨һϾȻһſŵСĹʵ
ЩʵҶ̲ؾ
ûЩǷ֮һ
һ̣ҶļԸӣ˵ЩӲӵĹʵϣ
ɶҲͬ𾪣Ⱥ飬ȻҲϵ֪ıҶࡣ
˵ữΪΪ֫ЩǰѬ޺ڷĲɶ˵
ȼƽҶ챧ɶ߽ɽǸ̨ǰɶڸ̨
ЩֱӲժӦû°ɣҶɶʵ
ɶ˵ͷ˵ժ󲢲Ҫղء
ǾˣȰЩȫժҶ˵ű׼ϸ̨ժɶȴֹ
ȵҶ磬ժЩסɶ˵
ʲôأҶɻʵ
˵ΨԵ֮˷֮ܵԵ֮óȻժĻõֻһƳɶ˵
ɣҪô֪ǲԵأҶƵʵ
ҲǺֻǴ˵Ѱɡɶ²
ҿϹʵͦģҪǾժһ԰ɡҶ
ɶ룬˵ͷ
Ҷ׼ϸ̨ȴֱɶҶ磬ȵȡ
ʲô𣿡Ҷɻ
ô˵Ҳɹɵģôððʧʧسȥǲ̫ʧأɶѵ
Ҷ룬㡰ͨһڵأͷȻ˫ֺʮ˵ӷǰȻǴȴ󱯣ɮǾкãժŷɣҪˡǺвǳ˵һʤ߼Ĺ֮ˣЩ¾ˣû׼ıùλ˵ţֿͷ
ԱߵɶЩա
ҶʵӦò˰ɣ
ţȥժժɡɶͷ
ǣҶϸ̨һ󣬻̧һŷȥ
쵽ǰͣͣԵЩԥϾܲܲժɹ⽫ֱӹϵԼõⲻòЩš
Ҷ磬ôժأҶŰûӦɶɻʵ
Ҷ˿ĭƬ̺ҧأСסǿŷһΣŷ㱻ժ
ȻҶޱʧǣֵŷȻ˲ɢΪعء
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Ҷ磬侲㣬Ҫ԰ɡɶ
Ҷ촭ڴ侲
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˵Ҷ˵Ҷ磬鷳㱧ȥ
ҶǰɶȻϸ̨
˳ԾǣոձҶժ˷֦ͷϣȻֳһ
û뵽Ȼ档ɶ̾˵ţ̧֮ǰҶժǿŷȥ
쵽ǰҲҶһԵЩš
ɶС㣬ҲժǸôأҶ̲סʵ
⣬Ҳ֪Ҷôһ˵ɶ͸ûȥժˡ
Ҷ̾˿˵ժժɡ
ţɶ˵ͷֽժ
ǣʧǣ뿪֦ͷҲͬâɢΪ֦ͷϺֳܿһŷ
һۣɫʮѿòûϾȻժժ
Ҷ촹ͷɥ¸̨ɶԼҲһƨڸ̨¡
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ǹʿµĹżźܶϡŹֵ£ˣ滹һЩڹݣӦûаġҶ˵
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Ȼû⣬ȿһ¹ĽܡҶһ˵ţһ߷־̸ܿҵ˼һҳ


391 
һҳϸǼζҩĵϣȻڷĽܣȴҲͺɶ˵ò࣬òֻԵ֮˷֮ܵ
Ҷź̾˿鼮ݸɶ
ɶ鼮ϸĶҶɽתš
֣ɽұϣЩŽķ֮⣬ྭģ͸Щһ
תһȦص˸̨ϣϸ۲һӣֽÿŷժһ飬һҲûժš
ʧػصɶ
Ƭ̺ɶ־̸ݻҶ죬̾Ȼһ飬Ҵ۽磬Ҷлл㡣
㶼ˣҶЩԾһ򣬿¶鷭һ顣
ɶҡҡͷ˵ûУҾͿйݣǰһĸо
Ҳͦ˼ģôأҶɻ
ΪŹĿÿܼסݺޣ̫ңֻľͿˡɶ͵
û뵽㻹ôصҶǺһЦ־̸ջش䣬̾˿˵ڸôأǶЩԵˣѵô𣿡
ԵʱУʱĪǿ󣬼ȻǲԵˣҲֻܽԵˡɶǺܷŵÿ
ǣҶȴЩŲˣϾϵõνԵҡ
ߣժҾͰˡҶ˵űҪϸ̨ˡ
ɶϽֹҶ磬ǻΣգɽﲼƣһٵɽ̮ôء
ɶôһ˵ҶҲֻ̾˿ա
оɽĽƣܲҵȥ˵
ðɡҶڴӦһھҪľ㽫̾
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ͻ״ҶɶһҶæֹͣд̾Ӹ̨ȻܿţžʲôҲûһ㣬ɽָƽ
ոյ׷ʲôˣɶС㣬òʲô˰ɣҶЩŵʵɽҲ̮ˣǾֻܱ龧ͨˡ
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ѵոֻǵ𣿿ЩֵҶ
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ѲɣҵҶתɿָһģ㣬ǽȥ
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ڴ̾ʱٴ𣬶ɶҲ֮Ҷ磬⣬Щֶˡ
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ҶæݶԪһӣ̨ϵĻҳ̨ʱøɸɾͷЩҲֳԭΡ
̡ĸӡҶ
̣Ҷϸϸζĸ֣
ûм˼ȥȽĸ·ļСĶ
۶ʣӣ࣬𣬲ùʣʣ۶ʣ޹Ұ޹ҰʣпֲԶߵ룬֪۶࣬Ǵ󾳽硢ȱǻۣߣ


392 Ե
̺ľеʣȻҶ첢е⣬ǴĩβǾ仰˼жϣľƺ̾ȷʵĳйϵ
Ҷ磬˵ʲô˼أɶҶʵȻ飬Щȴһϲͨ
˵ϵζɿڣ֮ͿԳˡҶ˵
˵ɶҶһۡ
ҶٺһЦڸ̨˫ֺʮľ
Ҷ벻ǣаľ֮ʣЩľȻ˹ȫС
ҶסˣԱߵɶɵˡ
룬ҶϽԪУֻЩڡ
СӣŪôЩ׻Ծʵ
Ҳ֪ЩǸոҸ˵Щ֣ҲôܵҵˡҶҲͷˮ
Сӣע㣬ʲô߰Ķ׻궣
ҶĨ˰ѺֹҶ˵ˣԼܽˡ
ͻ˵ȻЩֻԴ̾зӦ֪лʲôӦ
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ָɣͼĸ֣Ҷ콫ͼЩȥ
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ЩĶҲеôڻûܣԺɡ˵ţҶݳ
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ƸڳǵĴͶλ󲢷ڳλڳǶһƬɽ֮ڣλüء
Ϊ˵صĴͶλִΪλ֮һΪ˷ֹ⵽ƻɶڸ˼󷨡
˴ͳɶȡ磬շ巢ȥ˴
ܿշԴ𣬡ɶС㣬û°ɣأ
û£֮ǰ·⵽˶ϮҺҶصƸڵĴ󡣡ɶ˵
ǺΣգĶʬʱ׷ġշ嵣ǵ
նӳĺˣֻʬѾˣԶ޷׷ٵҵλáɶ
շ˿˵Ǿ̫ˣɶС㣬Ƹڵĺֻǰɣ֪ͨλϡ
ţɶӦ
Ҷֿѯʵնӳɰã
ҶֵģֵѾƽػƸˣθлλշм
ǺǣնӳˣˣǾô˵ˣͿɶСȥƸڵĺֻᡣҶЦ
ҶͱɶƸڱȥ
ɶ͵ĺֻҶֱ뿪Ѿ˺ü죬ٲȥĻŸŮҪˡ
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ˣСݵҶͷк
⼸ûʲô°ɣҶʵ
ûССڻش
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Ҷ죬㶣ϲӭ죬ʲôʱأôôأҪСڣһΪֲǶˡ
ĺˣҪҲǰ˵һġҶЦЦ˵
׬Ǯ𣿡ʵ
ҶЦ˵״Իû׬Ǯ˰죬һǮû׬ǵõЩǿɾͿˡ
ЦЦ˵ûϵܰȫͺˡ
أ
ҵû£ȥʱһʱҲҪˡŻش
ҲǸЩ龧ôȥɻءҶڵ
ЦЦ˵ҵ˾вãǰһڴô࣬˵óȥҪȻͷҪɢˡ
˵ţָӺ
Žһ˸ϵӷףҲģ˴Ƶġ
ʲôأŽǵӭȥ
û£ɻʱСˤˡָڰ˵
Ҷǰһ۲죬˵Ǳ˴ģʲôֱ˵ɣء
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Էɽͦӣҿ˰ɣһ²һ£˵ҲֻƤ˶ѣġָ˵
ССƸûʲôҶǲģϽ·˿ɲܰˣⲻûǮÿԺúһʡҶаЦ
Ůһۣ൱
죬Ҫҵһΰɡ˵
Уһ̣ˣҲ˳ɲ֤ܰݸˡҶ˵
Ůٴ
ţָ˳Լ۵ĵطȥ
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ԭǰָڳһһһʱĹԭȽù죬ÿ1龧ĹǮϣָǹͷ˵ʱ򣬶Էֻ2龧ָԷ˼䣬ͰЩ˹һ󶾴
ڻ·ϣָһλһȥʱֿе֪ǼһֱɽƹƸڳǳһΪǴ鷳Ϣ˵Ų뽫˵
ҶȻ͵£ν˲ңҲˣңӱٵ͵Ҳñ۸ͷ
ԣǻҶ춼ȥһᡣ
ָĴ£˺ܳ·Ǽһ֡
ʱʮ̻¶ĴڼǰжԱ߻վһŰֺӣֶڼලЩ󺺸ɻ
Ͻ㣬ʲôʱ꣬ʲôʱЪֺٵ˵ţ㿴ſ߽Ҷˡ
٣һﻹûǰɣȻҴ˹ָָֺȵܿ㿴˺󷽵ţֺһ̣Ҳ¶֮ɫ
û뵽㻹ôƯһ椹ѲǴТүģֺ˫ĿɨϾ̰֮ɫ
Ĺ¶԰ɣҶ쾶ֱߵֺǰʵ
ôţ㻹𲻳ɣֺмس˳Ҷ죬Ŀصϡ
Ҷע⵽ֺӵŵؾǰΪڳЩЩҲ֮ˣֻΪͨߡ
ڽƾΪʵֻͨˣűΪеš
˵ʲôĶ˺ǿˣӦ£԰ɣҶЦǺǵ˵
үʲôأǹƯСǵ𣿡ֺʵЩ󺺶Ц
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⳥ֺʲôЦһ㣬һһ̵Цҿ˰ɡ
ͷҿС㵱һ󺺵Цţ˶Ц
ȻЦ;ȻֹΪղųԼЦǸ°ͶˣͷڿУһһģѪ˳Ųӿӿ¡
һĻ˶ëȻ
˭ЦĻ˾İҶȻ˵
ʮ󺺶ûҳΪղǸûпҶֻ֣˵ԷٶѾ۾ķӦٶȻҪˡ
žƬ̣Ǹ°͵Ĵʶʹֻ־ǰֲȥﲻͣطк
ҶĿٴصֺϣֺһ˿ĭԵЩţΪղҲûпԷ֡
ԭֺΪСֻǸûΪķ˶ѣ¶Է¶ôһ֣ȻѾ֤Ҳ֮ˣΪԲǳ
ڣаֺǣԼȻ޷͸ԷΪѵԷΪѾԼ߳üȽˣûס
ǲǿ̸̸⳥ˣҶ쿴Űֺʵ
ֺܿͦţݺݾСӣҰҿҴطˣõĵ̣ʶĻ͸Ͻ
Ҳèûڹã㲻ó2000龧⳥ͣʬáҶ˵
㣡ңֺۺ߳
Ҿ㿴ҸҲҡԱϣҶһ˲Ǹ°ͣڡиͣĴ󺺸ǰֱһȭؿڡ
˵ɳȥصײǽϣžһ죬˱һ̯ࡣ


394 
һĻ˶һŸŵɫס
ҶĿһɨԱ߼˿ȥЩһȫŵôŶˡ
ңҳˣ˰ҳˡֺɤŴ
ҶǰֺæſһȻճſͱҶɵһˡ
ֺҶ̽ץ֣һŤֻһ󡰿𣬰ֺĸ첲
ֺ̱ڵأ﷢˺ѷεĲҽ
ʱһŽ»۵ӴһȺ˴󲽳˳
ҶɨһۣǸӵеؾΪ߻һӵеؾڵΪЩСආֻΪ
ֺڵţӺͷӶüͷһ壬ɫصҶ쿴ȥ
ӿҶΪЩŤͷӿȥСʵ¿ɿóΪ
ҡҡͷصֻʲôʽΪ׻ܵؾǰʿΪɲǳ
ӵ˵ͷȻһǿһ˿ЦݣҶʵλСֵ˴֪ΪأڱǽҲ׵ЩźˣԷʲô
ϰ壿Ҷʵ
ǡʵش
ãǷҲĹǮôңûСҶָָӷ׵ָּ˵ҲӢòõӣþ͸һڲ󱻻٣ܵصĴҪǣҩ˶1000龧Ͻ󹤷ѣס޷ѣʳѣʧѣഺʧѣȵȵȵȣӰ˵ķѼҲ2000龧ôţӦú˰ɣҶ쿴ǽʵ
Щ£ŸŮȴǳ
Сֵܣ㲮ҲֻƤ˶ѣҪɣ⳥100龧㲮κá
100龧ǵǴؤСүҵĳҲҪ1000龧ҶȻ˵
СֵܣҸһһԽѣǰ̫ˣǶûʲôôѵ
Ҷ첻мغߺһ˵СүҿɲŴģҪ100龧µĻСүҴһ٣Сү100龧㿴Σ
СֵܣõĹɷĳϣողŵ¸ˣԺСֵʲô鷳ĳǡӱ˵
Сүû˵ʲôãСүҾ鷳ƾҲﲻϣԣ㻹ǱСү׽ˣʵʵİ2000龧ɣҪȻСүҽ˷۱Ҷ˿棬Ҫ龧ɲЩϵε顣
ҶⷬӺɫ
ô˵Ϊˣʵ
Сү˵òõռƸڣСүҲмһˣ˵ǵռôССһˡҶм˵
ҶⷬĻʱûˣû˵ĴҪǣֻõĹ¶ѣȻóȻЩݲſ
ȻҲģô˵Ҳõĵ̣ǾôױһСסɨء
һ˼һתС˵ȥ̽ʵûʲôµĻֱɱڡ
ǣӴӦһҶ˵Сֵܣ˷ǰ޷ǾΪǮƣȻҲں2000龧ǾôãЦɣԣӮңҾͰ2000龧Ĳٵ͸㡣
⵹Ǹ⣬ϽɡҶ֡
ߣԲѣҾ㡭
أ
Ӹմ̨£û˵꣬ؿڱ㰤һֵص̨ϣغ˿Ѫ
ΪҪҶԷǮҶ첢ûгȫҪȻһĻ
󻰾˵㣬Ͻ2000龧ɡҶ쵭˵
Щȫˣһؾڸ֣Ȼô׾پͱ˸ˣȻ͵ϮɣҪ͵Ϯ̶ֳȣҲб²С
ŸŮȻ֪ԷʵΣ֪Ҷ쾳ΪѾӦһ֡
ǸЩԷϬֽţϲ
ӿŴӵؿȥ
һ˿ɫȴǼһ˿ЦݣСֵܹȻֶΣȻ˵õģ2000龧Ȼø㡣˵ţʹ˸ɫ
ҲֻܹԹԴӴȡпСľƬ˦ֳҶȥ
ҶӹƬ˿⿨ƬϾͼڣǳƬעԪȴûκηӦ
ѵҲһʯҶﰵֳþע뿨һ̽ȴ֣⿨Ǵһ㣬洢ģôһǧ龧ſҲ͸պǧ龧
Ҷ콫ս䣬ȻЦ˵ȻϵôϸҾͺڡ˵ţŸŮתȥ
£ѵô׷𣿡Ӳĵ
ΣСӵ֣Ҳδ֡Ҷ챳Ӱ۾˵
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Ȼôװݣ¸СӣһȥϱλңǵԸ
ǣӵͷӦ£Ҷͷȥ
ȥ·ϣǵ˵죬ҾǸòô׷ŹǵģҿǻǸϽ뿪Ƹڰɡ
ĺˣأҪٸŵĻҲֻǹǮġҶ첻ΪȻ˵
ҪҲ쾳ǿأŻǲġ
ⲻССһʵҲʶģɱܸɶˡҶ˵
СڰԴһӣǵ̲סЦ
죬Ҳû뿪ȽףϾҲƸڵһǵǣﰲҵǻ鷳ָҲǵȰ
òŵģõֻڳϣϴοϵǼҷӦڱΧҲȥ˵ĵ鷳Ҷ
ƺҲеŵͷͬ
ˣЩǾͲòˣǮѾ룬ǻǸϽȥǼҷݸ˵ɡҶ²˵
ŮȻҲûʲô
ǣ˱㳯ϴǼҷȥ


395 ڿ
ʱʱ䣬ͦġ
ҶŸŮֱ˹̨ǰ
̨İһҶ죬һڵЦ⣬λչݵģ
ûҶҲϻֱȡһ龧˹̨ϡ
æ龧ϸؼͨȻȽ޷ʹôָʹ龧ûʲôġ
ڰϼڼ䣬Ҷϰ壬ҵʲôܵأ
㶣æЦŻشǣڷ
ñĸأҶʵȸҵжٱϡ
ǵȻǷˣλǸƸڰɣҶʵ
ǡҶͷ
ҶĻش𣬰һ۽ɫĭɵ˵֪ƸڵһڷϽ֮£ֻҪÿ°ʱ𣬾ͿԸˡ
ÿ»Ҫ𣿶أžɵʵ
ĺˣģÿ²100龧ѡϻش
Ѷԣ100龧ȷʵǺܰ󡣡ָ˵
ǣԺֻǮˡ˵
Ȼô׬ǮҪѵתأҶЩɵʵ
⣬˵ѾСǮˣ׼ȥͿ׬ǮȥԲŻἱתá˵
ЩʲôӦò߰ɣָϸʵ
ЩΣЩȫǣֻҪֹͳˡϻش
УٹҶڴӦ
Ȼ˾뿪˷ݡ
ԹصݺҶ쾶ֱԼ䡣
ϴ˸裬ʵĴϣ⼸ƣ˲һա
Ƭ̣ҶӴȡһŷǰϸ۲
ǸŽĽâȽǿңƾ۸޷ʵò
һӣҶ˵һҩģƳȻġѾҵ˷ȻȱѪʺʮ㷵¶ζҩģҲǿϣ
˵ţСڲ֪Ĵ˳ݵϣŴ۾ؿҶķʵˣʲôأ
Ǻö벻أҶ콫ݸСڣʵ
Сڻæ㵽һԣҡͷСڲϲⶫ˵ӡ
Сôһ˵ҶͻȻһޣʥȻʺʳá
ҶЦЦȻӴСʵϴڶԸֻɳʵʱڿУôأ
Ҳ֪ȻȻˡСڻش
ҶһգԭĥܴСһеȵЩõϢ԰ԼѧϰĲ¿вͨˡ
̾˿Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ʵ㵱ʱվڿеʱʲôиоأ
ǷһĸоС˳ػش
ҶĨĨⲻǷϻʵǣûεĸоǲˮһһʲôġ
СԴһӣ˵ǲˮϣǲϡ
Ҷ۾һϸϸڤ˼Ƭ̣׻ʵСʿԷ𣿡
Ȼԡ׻ش
ķôأҶʵ
ͻУ֪ôɵġ׻ЩƵ˵
÷ǲǸейأҶ׷ʵ
ɡ׻ģɵ˵ֵȻʮľģˣԪ嶼˵ǷˣͨڿҲ
׻ôһ˵ҶףΪαĲﲻ˵ǰЧ
ȻѾӵԪˣ˵Ӧûȱ˸ʺ׹Ҷ˵
ţ㽫Ժ׷Ĳͷβо
ϸϸо˼Ҷ콫ص˵һϡ
һǷĲʽͬʱҲǼΪҪĻʽ򲻺ãֱӰ쵽
ӹϵĲһʽǺѣΨһѵģǹڡ̤ս⡣
̤սҲ׹ľ裬ڿվշУΪҪĶǽµ֧š
Ȼвδ˵ǽʲôСڵ˵ӦǿЩȻЩϡǲܽһģʱС̤նеʱ򣬽߶ܼЧ
νۼȻķʹԪʵˣ֮ҪӦ𵽸֪ΧԼάƽá
оҶһѾһ̶ȵʶȻٴʵˡ
ʵ鿪ʼ֮ǰȽһķϤ˼飬Ȳ´һտʼ
ȣΧɢ׸֪еһķ
һķߵ·߻ǴӵѨֻƵһЩѨλҲԿһصǽϾνĵ죬˵˾ԾҪ󲢲Ǻܸߡ
ڵһԪķʹ֮´ӵѨ˳ŴȾһ·ߵŵףȻڽŵת˺üȦڴڼ䣬Ҷоܿе׷Žŵ׻۶Ӷһᡣ
ȻǿſеҶ϶˵
һҶԪ˳ķȻЩԪӿŵ׵ʱΧеಡһ£ܵһ㣬˲Ҷ¾ۼҶֻоŵ´һǿţ˾һڿշ
أԴȵײ컨壬ǰּȦȦƬ̺ǡءһ׹ڵء
ãѣĸоţҶǣСŴӵ
ˣû𣿡ԭ˯Сڱһһʵ
û£ʧǳɹĸףҾɹѾԶˡԴϻʹûҶȴ˷ܣӸղŵĳԪĶٽֱӹϵ۵Чʡ
Ϊ˰ȫȥϰȽ׵˵ţҶߵ̨ϣ¥
ùݺһƧӣʱӰʮʺϰ
ҶߵһԱȽϿտ򣬿ʼ˵ڶʵ顣
ûһԵ̫Ԫѭ򽥽עԪ
оЩƮʱŽһԾڿն𣬴׸ֵȥ
һԾ˼Σҵо㿪ʼһڿն
ȻҪڿնǾͱһֱķýЩϡ
˵ףȴǺѶȵģϾڿеʱǺѱƽģоҪĸˡ
Ҷһһϰһϡ


396 
ڶԹͺ˱Ǽҷݡ
ʱѾţ߽ŵʱһڵʰ
˽߸ϽͷĻЦǺǵӭҶʺƹģˡ
ȻԷƺԼΪƹǰѾתĻǶˡ
ţǰأҶʵ
ʵǰƹ𣿡ʵ
ǵġҶͷ
ǰºʰҴ뿪ˡ˵
ôҶɻʵ
ƹڰɡ߻ش
ڣʲô˼ҶʱƺЩè塣
ƹ֪ҵĵضãȴΪǰƹһʲôǮԲŴҴġ߽͵
Ҷüͷ壬ǰӲ˵ҵڷϽ֮£ֻҪÿ°ʱ𣬾ͿԸ𣿡
ҵȷʵڷϽǶЩҪ밲ȵĿ⣬ǵҪ𣬻ÿЩӪҵѣҪȻͻ˹ңҲûˡϸؽ͵
ǰϲ˵Ƹڵһ𣿡ҶȻ֪ԼǱˣЩա
һǰƹΪ˾콫˵תóȥԲ˵ġ˵
ǶĵʲôأҶʵ
ƸڹǳǶǹϽǹùϽĳǱгںҵΨгƬҵûȷе˵ĺ̻ӶЭĵ̡Ҷܵ
ռƸڵҪȷöɣҶʵ
ȷʵˣƸ˵Ǳϼ˵
ϣѵ𣿡ҶЩ档
ǵȻĵ۹ССļ岻ΨϺϼӱΪһ߽
Ҷ˵ͷתʵո˵Ӫҵѣÿµýأ
˵ϰ龧ʮ龧Ҳֹһһա߻ش
Ǳ𻹸ˡҶЩơ
죬ôأŵǵ
Ҷһ˿Цһ˵ҪǸӪҵѣӻͷձȥ
죬ѾãȥңǴǸΣˡŲĵ˵
ǰʩѹδػǳָҲǵĵ˵
Ҷ̾˿˵µʱ˵ɣ֮֮ȻѾҵ꣬ǾͺúþӪɡ˵ţʵӦҵܹܰɣ
ǣū︻ƹպա߹ҽܵ
ԺҵǸŮģѵһЩϸ˵һ°ɡҶԸŮǾڵϤһ£һеҪȥ
죬ҪǶЩ˹ôأǵʵ
СأµġҶ˵
󣡡Сڵͷ
ǺðɣԼҲСĵ㡣Ŷ
ţҶӦһ뿪˷ݡ
ţֱȥӶЭᣬ㷢ͽ
ԭҶΪӶЭӦûԿһЩûϾȻǺϴһַǷ
ټＷˣǴʱĻվһ㡣
ҶѾţ֮ż˴Žżһɨܿ쿴ҲһţϷǽһӣͷдš񷢲ȻôŽȥ
ǣҶȺзսòײż񷢲
ǰķһȼֳ̨̨ŮΪСвûSSSSSߵҲS
ԣҪ࣬SĄǰûˣSŮҪAƯһЩҶ㾶ֱS̨ȥ
˧磬ӭ٣һҶ̨λŮشк
Ůʱ֣˵Ҳͦʱеģ˧еҶ̵ġ
ŮҪ񡣡Ҷһƨڴ̨ǰƤЦ˵
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ŮֿŵͣЦţʵҪʲôȼأSŶ
ǸҪôжȼأҶһŮۣһЦʵ
Ҫ޺֮񣬿ԸӦ޵ȼλĻһ㶼Ǹݼ۸λġŮĵҶܣSԭûʲôͻһܿУȻҲʱҶˡ
ǸҪԼᣬ֪ĸȼأҶЦʵ
ŮЦ˵ԼᣬҲҪSSŶ
ҶĨĨôߵļ𣬸һǳܲ𰡡
ڸ糤ô˧ķϣõԸ⽵һȼŮ˵
Ǹã֪SʲôλأҶʵ
Ҳ1000龧Ůش
ȻλеߣϸҲ⣬ɱֻǾŽޣҲӦA񣬾AͽҲܴﵽ1000龧ôSҲԲ1000龧ˡ
ͷе´ԼɡҶ쵱Ȼɵû1000龧ֵεŮǲ
ŮЦø㿪ЦأѲɸ㻹ˡ
ҶüͷһЦʵҪǸĳ1000龧ǽӲأ˵䣬ȡ龧ţջ̨Ůһ㡣
ȻŮȴȫû龧Ц˵ѾˣǳٸߵļۣҲܵŶ
ǿʵ̫ϧˡҶ˵Ž龧಻ΪǮŮӣʵǱȽ͵ġ
ˣòˣҪĻ͵ӦĴȥɡŮЦѵ
Ҳ֪ԼǺμλָǺأҶѯȷʵ֪Щҩĵļλ
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ðɣҪռζҩģֱǣҶת֥ɹ֪ʲôλأҶʵ
Ůüһ壬˵ЩҩĶͦģǲöۡ
ָôأҶʵ
ԷͣɽһۣǷܡŮ
⵹Ǹ⣬⾺ָĸڰأҶʵܹҲڣûо͵Ĵڡ
κδڶ԰ŶΪȽϿգԴ󲿷־ͶðġŮ˵
ǾˣϽɡҶ˵


397 ʣŮ
ţŮӦһȻͿʼҶһ߰һ߽ܵ⾺Ҫ1龧ѣ⣬۸ʵ֮󣬻øݼ۸ڵȼȡӦѡ
һ񻹵ѣҷôߣҶΪգȻŮǰܶЦЦΪȻ˵û뵽еշѻͦʵݵ
ǮˣȻʵˣЩûǮĿͻ챧Թð󡣡Ů˵
ԹŹ֡Ҷֹ
ţŮʵζҩǷһϣǷأ
ʲô𣿡Ҷɻʵ
һĻֻһǮĻǮŮش
ҶһգǵȻǷһˣֲɵӡ
Ůֽ˵ǷһĻĳֻһζҩĵĻû취ˡ
ҶĨŴѵĺƵ˵ǻǸҷɡ
ŮһЦ
Ҷ쿴㿪ĵģɵʵãⷢӦҲõģ԰ɣ
ǵȻˡŮֱԲ䡣
ѹҪҷ񡣡Ҷֹ
ҲΪŮڳһĵ˵
ȻǾͣǾ˵ͽ˫ӦǿԼģҿδһҪɣҶɡ
û뵽绹ͦȻѱҶ쿴ŮҲû
ô㲻ҵΥأҶЦʵ
㲻ҪôСҲ3龧ѣ͵Ǵ͸õСѺˡŮڳһģ˵
㻹湻󵨵ģȻҪСѣͲ¸Ҹ淢𣿡Ҷ
óôƯôø淢ءŮĵЦ
Ҷһ󺹣֪˵ŮƤ񣬻˵ţֻ˵ڳɫ֮࣬Ů˾ǸС
ϧҲϧĺˣҪòһЩôҿɲװŶҶ컵Ц˵
ǸҪʲôôأѲҪһ£߱һ£ŮգƯ۾Ҷ콿Цʵ
Ҷ룬˵3龧ѣǸ룬ҲδػԸɣɣֻҪָ߸ˡ
ֻҪô𣿡Ůʵ
ģҺġҶͷ
ȷ𣿡Ůʵ
ȷڡҶ϶˵
ǸԼڴ̨ϿˣõĹءŮЦ˵
ҶŤͷһɨȻһ鹤ƣд֣
ǸƻѾͷҶЦ
лޡЦ˵
Ҫ֪𣿡Ҷʵ
֪ҡͷ
ʵݵŶֻҪøС֣͸㡣Ҷ˵
ȷʵͦʵݵģûǲ֪ҡͷ
ΪʲôأҶɻʵ
ΪѾˣô֪˵ءһ˵
Ҷ󺹵ô˵㵹ͦ
ǵȻˣ磬ѾˡһЩϺһ˿ƴСƬݸҶ졣
ҶЩƬ˿ƬϿͼڣ͸ϴκշɶʹùĴЩƣֻǸͷҪСһЩ
ûҶ췢ʣܵǴ磬˽Ļǻᷢϵ㣬⴫оƵģ뿪Զ޷ϵϿԸʱôڳоǣ鴫Ҫ1龧Ѻ𣬶˿ҪŶ
ҶЩȡ4龧˰
лл磬ӭ´ιŶӹǮͱ
ҶѾС൱ƣڰ֣˵ֱȥ
ӿȺò뿪Ƭ֮أֱӻطݣͻȻԱһСѾͷסȥ·
ιЩ˶ΧأСѾͷһҶʵ
Ҷ콫һѾͷǸӣһѣǸ˼ҵǧֻϧ̫С˵㣬òֻʮӣٻ֡
ҶԾĻСѾͷòΪȻӵŵؾڵΪ൱ˡ
ٴСѾͷղǷûòĻӦǸĵѾͷ
ɳءҶڻش
ʲôأСѾͷգƯĴ۾ʵ
ɾͷҶش
ͷʲôأСѾͷʵ
Ҷһ󺹣ͷǸöԣֿ棬ʵԼҲءһЦس˳СѾͷڷСͷ
ĶأСѾͷһɵصͷԼʵ
ǰ͹ľСͷڻûг죬ζ̫ã㳤ˣˣͺζˡҶаЦ˵
СѾͷüͷһ壬ŭɫߣᱡʥŮʥŮ죡˵űװͰ͵̧ҪҶϴȥ
Ҷһɶ㿪СѾͷƣ㻹ģôͳƺԼΪʣŮأ˵ҲǣôС;װͰ͵ģ󻹵ˣҿҲʣŮ
˵ʥŮʲôأСѾͷŭɫղһƱҶ㿪Ȼǲġ
ڿ佱ءҶЦ
ʥŮŲţøʥŮԹվűܣҪȻʥŮĲ㡣СѾͷһ˵ţһҶȥ
úúãҾվ㣬ȻͷС˵㣬ҲǰʡҶЦ
豾ʥŮʥŮҪĳ죡СѾͷɱڵس嵽Ҷǰٴ̧СҶкȥ
Ҷվûܣۼֿ֣̽ץסСѾͷǺݺ˦ơ
ԭûϷϷѾͷϵץסɲǣҶüͷȻһ壬ΪСѾͷϾȻж
Ծ֮£ϽɿֲѸٺˣ̧һЩȻ˺ɫֱӶȥ
룬ҶϽö룬ֱ̼ҪѨλϣԪ˳ȥ
ҶɾͽƳ⣬СѾͷԵЩԾ
ߣСС;˺ݶһǸҶ룬Ȼ˵ѾͷϵĶɲ򵥣Լӵ쾳ΪҼʱѹסǿɾˡ
ιԼҪץʥŮ֣ôʥŮˡСѾͷԵúܲüͷ۾ӹ˵ġ
ˣҿɲС򽻵ʹ˱˵ţҶƿСѾͷ첽ŷݷȥ˶ΣҶЩˣĶѾֱܵĿˡ
ǣҶҪݣСѾͷȴǲģʥŮվסʥŮ˵𣿡
Ҷǰȥ


398 
ιûʥŮվסСѾͷܻƽʱڼҵʱ˸
ҶͷҲأֱš
ߣӱʥŮʥŮҪúýѵĻ쵰СѾͷߵ˵˵űҶ׷ȥ
Ѿͷں׷Ҷٸͷ󣬡ӽ쵽ʲôùˣһͱ˺£֮ǰֱһСƣȴôţƤƵС
Ҷ֮ʱСѾͷѾ׷󣬲̧źݺݵƨ
ҶзСѾͷŸ߸̧֮ʣѸתֻ̧Ľźһġ
СѾͷҽһ󷭵ˤ˸Ľų졣
һĻҶͷʹСѾͷȻڵϿһؾʿеΪ
Щʵ·˷׷ҶָָǾֻҶ콫һСѾͷƵ֪СѾͷԶԶûбϿơ
СѾͷ޵ģҶҲʶԼȷʵֹˣϾԷֻǸʮС
ε̾˿ֺǰСѾͷ֣ˣϽɡȻϹӣɲֱȥ϶С
СѾͷĨĨᣬץסҶƣӵ
ҶһϵĳȴϣѾͷͻȻţݺݵϲһš
Ҷ조ѽһҽУŽšСһŵɲһĺݣԪ壬ǽϵĹͷñ顣
ɾҶܺߣΧЩ·˵ĿȴųζǷ˵ã
ߣӱʥŮ³СѾͷߺߵ⸱ղԾװޡ
ãݣҿ㳶ˣٸˡҶյ˵˵űתһȳһյسǰȥ
СѾͷƺûŹ˼Ҷûںͷ
˵ʣŮ£ҲҲˣҰɡҶ¶ɫ
УʥŮ·ˣðѱʥŮͻȥСѾͷ˵
·˹ʲô£ֲҺ·ġҶĨ
ʥŮǸĻᣬӦøеҡСѾͷȻ˵
ðҿɾ㣬ٸˣҪȻŲ͵ϮСͷҶ
㣡޳ܿͽεᱡʥŮһȥЫ㣬ץȥιЫӡСѾͷ߷˵
Ы㣿ЫӣҶȻСѾͷǶʱֲõԤУĪ㣬еЫ񶾽̵Ыˣ
û֪˰ɣСѾͷСԴԵʮֵ⡣
Ҷֱð亹ԼһֱҪܿ񶾽̣û뵽񶾽̾ȻӲҪԼ
ΧɨһȦҶ˿ĭʵǣҲ񶾽̵ˣʵҲ֪ԼʵǷϻ
ȻʥŮ񶾽̵ʥŮСѾͷöˡ
ʣŮʥŮҶֹţĥۣ̽ô˵Ы˾ˣ
ûЫʥŮģЫȥüûˣҲ֪ȥˡСѾͷһƵ˵
ôҲҶʵ
ˡСѾͷش
СѾͷⷬҶ˿ǶҲƸڵĻԺſɵװһҪȻĻ³Աңû׼ͻᱻƳɶʬ
ǸЫˣ֮ǰҶ첢δ棬Ȼûʲôõĵġǣ۾Сþ˦С
ѽѽҶʹéˣҶŶӣװʹѸתһ̵һСӱȥ
ι㣡ȵȱʥŮСѾͷں󷽷ɿ׷
ҶҲֻٶȫһǰȥӺ󣬻ͷ˿СѾͷû׷˿ҵѽҵ裬㽫С˦ˡ
Ȼ䣬СѾͷȴǰߣܣʥŮ˱ǣ
ŤͷȥֻСѾͷվǰ·ڴҶʱЦá
ҶѸٽȫһ飬δʲôףʵСѾͷ㵽϶ʲôֽţЩˣģѾˡ
ʥŮֻС˱ǶѡСѾͷ˵
СϣʲôСϣҶ
ʥŮҪ㣿ʥŮСѾͷԴȻ˵
ҶΪգǲҳԭǾû취˦СһúǷʣŮ£Сˣ˰ɣ
⻹ࡣСѾͷ˵ָ̧֣ϵһöɫָ˵Сϣɡ
СѾͷ£ָһ˿΢⣬һֻ͸ıԽָ˳
ҶĿһȻֻϺϴδӺǧǧСƵĶ
СˣֻҪȾϢǧ֮⣬Ҳ׷ٵõСѾͷҫ
СССͱļƣ󻹵ˡҶа̾Ҳ֪һǳŸղԼȥʱ͵͵µ֡
ҪأҶɻʵ
ȻΪ㱨ˣո豾ʥŮȻȥʥŮʹЫץȥιЫӡСѾͷܳʵػش
ҶúܣЦСѾͷòôݶɣոѾݺݵزһˣűڻʹأӦǳƽ˰ɣ
ͲһŶѣʥŮɲոջܣʥŮڷǳСѾͷƲԴ
Ͳɱ𣿡Ҷһ˿ɱ⣬һСѾͷȥܶԷֻǸӣȻΣյԼȻá
㣬ҪʲôСѾͷļƣϾͻСҺ߶֪նܾԼǸ߸ϵʥŮʥַȻ뵽˸Ҷʧ
Ҷһ˿Цһ̧һöָ֣ö޵еĴö룬ֻҪһ֮ĶӾͻõӾͻң˶֮Ψһܽ⣬񶾽Ҳ޲ߡ
СѾͷƺΪˣ¶ֻ֮ɫһȴһв㣬̱ʥŮĻ㣬֮صġ
㲻˵ҪЫץȥιЫǷȻ汳ˡҶЦ
ǣǱʥŮץȥιЫӡСѾͷæõ
ĻҿɲţȰѸղıջȥҶ
СѾͷƲƲ죬Ȼ̧öָҶһˣѾջȥˡ
ҶɲĻصѾͷһƭңɫǲ֪ҵײˡ˵ţһ̧װҪ
СѾͷƣæȵȣ⣬αʥŮİջءٴָ̧֣յҶǰָֻһ˿΢⣬ˣѾջˡ


399 
٣ҶﻹûףΪ˱̽ߣΪҲϵı𣿾Ȼʹթòˡ
ģʥŮѾջˡСѾͷҡͷ
ţ˵ţҶһ˦ֱСѾͷȥ
СѾͷŵسһֵȻһ㣬һƣֱӴ̽Ķ
ǲѾоӿʼʹأʱĶӾͻÿˡҶаЦ˵
СѾͷŶӣ¶ʹ֮ɫͬʱίؿʥŮ棬Ѿջˣأ
ӣƺ˵ٻҶ˼Ƭ̺󣬱㽫˻ԺԶ㣬ҪǻҲҵĻҿɾͲˡ˵ţƹСѾͷǰȥ
СѾͷûٸϣҶԶȥıӰߵغߺߵ쵰ҰѱʥŮĶŪôʹʥŮúýѵ㡣̧֣Žָ˵СϣҪúöŶǧˡ
ָâһ
ϣձҶ˳ӵǼһ֣첽߽š
漸װĴһ׷׸к¡
ûдЩˣֱȥ
ݺ󣬼󺺾һ˽
ôҴҵģΪ°ɡ
ɲǣԸĵϱ۸ʲ
ҿŵСӿµˣֶΣǴĻӦƸڲǡ
˵Сӳֻ湻ݵģҿûж죬ҪȻǵøţһһࡣ
һ˵£󺺶̲˶¡
Ĳֿ⣬߽˿ⷿһС䣬ǰ˵
æӭӣ£ˡ
ڰ֣ߵӶһ£ֱʵոٽΣ
뿪󣬾ֱȥ˳Ƕһҽп¥ķݣҰǼҷݸǾȥַˡӻش
˵ͷ˵ô˵Ƕʱǲ뿪Ƹˡ
Ӧ˵ʵλҵ˼أ
õûʲô³ֻСݲΪ˱ڰֱȽסһ˿
СΪɲǳҪԸǵ뼸λҳְɣǵ
СƯСӦֻͨˣֻҪǳСӲڵʱ򣬰С椸Юˣû취Ը𣿡Ц˵
˼аЦ޵ʵǸúʱأ
Ȼһʱ᲻뿪ƸڣǾͲżʱ̼СӵһһҵϵĻ֡Ը
ǣӴӦ
Ҷ˦СѾͷ󣬾ֱӻ˷ݡ
ȻһűһȺĴ󺺡
Ѳ鷳ˣҶȻɵĿȺɨһۺ²⡣ΪЩ˾ͺЩ˹һûʲôΪóһοЩûµļһ
Ҷɻ֮ʣȺһǸսӹҷݣҲĹأҪȿĻԺÿµϽӪҵѣǲĻӦúʲôɣȻЩ˶ǶЩģ֪ҷݻƹԾصعλƹ
ţһ𣺡ǸտţǾյ㣬ÿ100龧Ϳˡ
ȰǻǸϽ߰ɣҪȻǻڵġźȰ
ڣѾͷв𣿡
ҿȳԵѵԺͻ᳤ˡ
ҪȰЩθ˰ɡ
ǺĺǣҪǲǣҿɾͲˡŽ
С㣬ɾ㲻ˣ˼ҺĺͺףǿţܸءҶаЦ˵ƿȺ˽ȥ
죬ˡҶ˿ܿǰЩͬ
Ⱥ󺺵İΧȦУŸŮ֮⣬λŵӣҲ֪һǽֶ漸ҵϰ塣
Ҷ쿴˿ԷֻǸС꣬Ҳû̫⡣
λӦöǶƹɣҶɨһۣʵ
֪ͺãҲˣʧصĻʵʵİǮɡһӣ׽ɫԪͼ׵ӱ˫־
λԴӦûջɣǽӦΪףǷݿŵģȻ̤żǲǸϺأλôķϣҲǣһ1000龧ˡҶȻ˵
ҿӲջˡӰŭȵ
¸ǷϻˣȰѵ˵ֲصļһӦøǵѵһͷɫԲñӵӺݺݵ˵
ҶŤͷñӿȥȻʵ֡֡šҽţѡĸأ
㣬ô˼ñɫһʵ
㲻֪ʲô˼ϽѡһɣҪǲѡǾѡˡҶЦ⡣
ñӱŵúһͰ͵ؾ㣬ɱ
죬һذɡȰ֪һҶ֣ԷȻǷС
ˣһΣǻΪ۸´ξͻ䱾ֱõķʽһԵǳԡҶ˵
ñӵǺܴҶⷬѾʶΣգŵغˣ㵽Ⱥм䡣
Ϊ˶ܱסֽ𣿡˵䣬Ҷȡһö룬ţͬʱһñȥ
ҪȻͱҲˡñӾֵ˵
ʲô¾ʹǣҪȻɾûˡҶĸҲŵ˲
ϣϣȰСӸˡñӸϽЩ󺺺
ƹģС޿֣ҿܿǸʿǻȳ˰ɡһʮǵȰ
һ˵Էߣλƹ׷¶֮ɫ
֮ʱҶһ˵ߣδҲ̫ˣȻ̤ţҪȥҪôǮҪôֽţԸѡɡ
СӣɲҪ̫ǱкҳšñӶȺ
Ҷ첻ΪȻЦҲʶʲôңҾʶ龧ǽ첻ǮĻʲôȲǡ
ҲѺҷСƸڵӿǵͷˣߣñӴһҪתſӴܣȻûܳǡѽһҽ˵ڵأէһö롣
ûǮ㻹ߣǲҪˡҶһñȥЩ󺺷׷ȴǵʵĸҳһΪߡ


400 Ӧ
㣬ɱñӾŵŲӡ
㲻Ǻ㲻кҸҵҪҽȲȵ˫ȡҶߵñӸǰ̧ţҽϺݺݲȥ
ǣ
ͷѵ
ñ﷢ɱĲҽУĸƹ񶼿ɫףð亹
ЩպǮյúǰɣǮʱûʲôǱӦأҿµڶ֪ʲôǱӦǴͺúøһΰɣνıӦأǡҶ̧źñӵȥ
ǡǡһ
ñٴηҵı
֪ʲôǱӦ˰ɣҶЦʵ
ñʹɫࡣ
ҶŤͷĸƹȥʵҪǮأҪһֽأ
ĸƹһȿֺĴӶͳ龧Ҷȥ
Ҷһһ£Цλƹʵ̫ˣСտžô񡣡
󣬴ˣڿɣߣ˰ɣӶ˫ʵ
Ҳµ߳źӦûһʱȥǸұ԰ɣҶƵЦʵ
Ҳңƹ񶼽Դҡø˹Ƶġ
ûϵ˲£Ҳǰʲôֻȥʱ򣬱Ǹǣ֮ǰȰѺ׼áҶѵ
ƹúղѡ
ˣλƹҪߵĻ͸Ͻ߰ɣҪ³Զ緹ҲġҶڰ˵
ĸƹƵſڱȥǸñҲ˸ˡ
һ˸ߣм˽
ǰͷһСЦ޵СֵǺֶΣղһĻɽĳý
ǰСֵܣǸǺݺݳһڶͷһָ˵
ǺǣͶұְ֮ڣΪ֮ˣӦúݺݽѵһȡѵҶЦ
ĳǸʢ̵ƹ񣬻պա
ĳǸڷ鱦ƹ񣬻Сֵܶչˡ
༸Ҳ׷ױţҶӻ
ȻλƹǽַھӣչҲӦõģҶ죬Ҳҵƹ񡣡Ҷָָָܵ
ĳէλͬжָָ̡ǰ׵˵
ԭƹ񣬹տŴ󼪣Ԥף¡Դƹףص
ţƹϺشʡ
ףϺƹǵҶѵҶСѣЩƹЩƵļһͷǿ϶ȥҺġ
ǰҶСѣʵǣҪδظǳ档ƹ˵
ƹ˵ûЩһֱֶЩѹţ棬Ҳǲ֮˵
ҵʵжأҶʵ
˵ӵλ쾳ǿ򡣡ƹش
λ쾳ǿߣҶ˵ͷ쳣ƽֻҪλ쾳ǿߵʵ֮ڣûʲôþµģϾСڵʵҲ쾳ˡ
쾳ǿߣҶʵ
˵һλһǹǴʽƹش
һǹʲôְλأҶɻʵ
νĹǿ䳤ϣʵǲǰɳԱƽʱҲԤֻڰΣʱŻȫ֡һ˵ɹĹ쾳ǿߣǼΪӦģǼԽߣҪٺ»ҲԽࡣƹϸؽ͵
Ҷͷ׹Ҳ˵ʽԱлû쾳ǿˡ
ǵģҲֻеؾԲΪƹش
ѹֲҸҽа塣ҶСְڰֵˣˮڣǻģϹҲûá
ҶС˵ǣ֮ڷĵϷģǾҺҹҲȣִˣҲӲܡƹ˵
༸λƹ׷׵ͷʾͬ
ǼλƹߺǵҶʵ죬û𣿡
ĺˣҪǸ鷳ĻҴ˾񵱳𽪼һǸˡҶ첻ΪȻ˵
죬ҿɲ񽪼ôöԸղƹҲ˵ˣҿӵλ쾳ǿߡָҲѵǸŮƿŰƸڳǵĴﲻġ
Ҷüͷ˵ҺСڼҲλ쾳ǿ𣿶ҪɼܵĻʧҵĴûᡣ
Ҷôһ˵ָ˼Ƭ̣ͷҶСڵʵۼʶģвңҲٵʧأҲɵΪ㼦ëƤֵ֮ǰز
ţҶ콫龧ָ2000龧͵ǵʽˣµտûʽǲеġ
ָҲûпӦһ龧Ϊ֪Ҷ˵2000龧ǼëƤ˵̫мĻҲû塣
ˣסĵطҶʵ
ҵĸָɳǼҵ࣬߻кԺ䣬ҶѾˣҪڴȥʵ
УǾȥɡҶͷӦ
ǣűҶȥ˺Ժ
˵Ժ͵ɳǸԺͦƵģֻͬĽѡ
죬ġָҲǸ˵
ǰڷɳʱҵķҲλòǸƴĵطɣҶЦʵ
ǰǸҪˣҾ߶ȫ֮Ҷѻµˡ˵
ǸǼ仹𣿡Ҷʵ
ţһסڣǼҵסŵͷ
Ƿ֮ǲǻǸſľأҶ컵Цʵ
ȻˣǲֺǶǽأҶ˰ۡ
ⲻҲΪΣյʱ򣬷ȥӪҶ
ҿ϶ֻĽڡһɡ
˵䣬ѾҶ췿˽ȥ
ԼʲôҪģҵʱٰź˵
Ҷһߴŷ䣬һ˵Ŵˣֲס
ҶⷬͻȻЩȻʧĸо֪Լǲ뿪ֲ֪αԼеݸ顣
һȻ˵ûҾȳȥæˡ˵ţҲҶӦת߳˷䡣
еҶֺоֻԼʺŮˣҲֻװͿ̾һڴ̾
ΪԪϵĶҪϵģÿһʱ䣬Ĺʱ͵дָ̾
ָӯȥԺĲ
ܵһѾǿǿܹʩչûг֮ǰڶϾ൱Ҫġ


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ϰ˼Ծץסоٴγڿն
Ծ׸ʱķʹڽ»ۣԭΪǺ׵£ʵȴˡ
ڵ̫Ԫۼ࣬¶ʱһҶһĲƣ㵹ӿ׹䡣
ǱشӵϵĻҳֹ٣ôվסء
ţּ˼Σʧܺܽ˹ɣڿնʱ򣬽µ൱ȷֲܶһ㣬ӵıðȡͺñϰгʱôȶ÷һѧˣŤŤȥҲˣֲٿĸоҪʱĥ
ܺãǰڷɳʱǰΪûȥͷ¶棬ڳæ
ҶûгǰԸŮ˵׬ǮΨһĿꡣ񣬺Ҷദһʱ󣬸ŮƺҶȾˡ
˵1000龧Ѿ֣Ǵ1000ֵ龧ƺҲû˷ܼĸо
Ҳ˵ıԣûеʱеĿõһӵ֮Ǿͱòںˡ
һˣָЦ߻شڵǰܶ뱲׷ģһеģҶꡣ
⻹ðɣҶôӺԺ˳ΪﲻǺæûæˡ
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Ǯ֮ҪģҪǾۣͶЩ﹤ɣƹҲСҶ춣
ָڰЦǰѾ൱ˣҪȥ˶Ҫɢˡ
˵вãνͿ
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Եһʱָ︻ʵܹܣⶼֽܱ𣿡
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ĸŮҶͻȻãЩΪһжֵõġ
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ԪҶ׻꺰˳
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׻ԼǿԪס֮ҶٴνľϣЩǿԴ͸ġ
зĺܿ츽ͼϣͼҫ۵Ľ⣬Χӿ֮УɲǼ䣬ڵŨһ
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СͱˣϽץʱɡҶߴٵ
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Сӣ˫Ԫ֮󣬱ٽһʽ׻ʱƺܲȻ˵ҪҶʽ
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˵Ҫ˫Ԫ֮ٽңĪʩչеʱҪǿľҶʵ
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׻˵ձڵϵŨÿٷ֮ʮ׵ͿԷһ
һСû˵ɣҶЩԾ˵ÿٷ֮ʮһĻϵŨȴﵽٷ֮ʮʱ׵ڵﵽٷ֮ʮʱ򣬾ǰٷ֮ʮʱҲڵı㷨ϵŨٷ֮ٵʱ׵ﵽڵ512Ѿ൱ˣȻܴܲﵽٷְҲǸֵ̽⡣
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꼾ٵʱ򣬿ɵúúðջСҶ˵
ˣҪʼˡ׻˵ű㽫ҶԪУʼҶҲֶ̾׾ջ֮£С̾Ҳ͸ˡ


402 
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Ҷæֹͣݳ
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Ǻҵ˰ɣҶƽʵ
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˸ǰվһʮӣһˣҶĿһΪϵôˡ
ũؾʱҶʿﲻͶһˮ黨ǰӣǵǺˮƴսļһ
ʵˣӾǺΣиãкʶ
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𵱳ĳҶ̲סЦԷƴƴصõˮ黨Ϊ£ֻǵʱѪˡ
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ĿһɫԵЩأСܹ޿ֻֿ֣ܣһдΪܸߣǸԲɵӡ
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Сӣ֪Ǻһʲô³𣿡δԺҵ̽һ̽Էĵ
Ҳ֪Ǻһʲô³Ҳ֪ҿԸһʲô³Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵
Ŷ˵˵µʵûԷϸ֮ǰ
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εķӦҶ΢Щ̾񽪽ûӵˣԼⷬȻ߳ŭ󶯸ɸ꣬ǰһ˳ס˵ǸȽϳȵˡ
ŵȱ㣬ŵ½¶ǵúȫʺıŵҲͬȱ㣬Ϊǵ̫࣬¹ǰ˼󣬲ˬ죬ǽȥ󣬿»û־ͱ˸ˡ
ҪԸˣǾͱװ͸ĵϸ˼ɣҲͲ׳ˡ
ҶǺһЦ˵ִܵظһ̣Ȼͻ֪дˡ
֪Ǹ߹Լʵǵ͹ҺҵʵһҪ㣬Һұϳɲ˵ʧʧġȻѵ
ӳҲûãԣȰûǲҪСүҪȻ³ࡣҶҲͬѵ
٣ҿСӷмֱ£ΪԼ޵ˡ󷽵ӶԺ˵
۾һУⷬԻ֮УѾ϶ǰһȷʵֻǸԲɵӣΪĵ۹û˸ҲϷ
ô˵үǺ֪³׻жءȻ˵˼֮Ǵעˡ
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Ҷ׼͸¶ʵǰһʱһ渶ŮͻȻȺ
үôôпҷĵأ
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ƹ˶˿˶ԷȽţǮϢ£ôҲԼռ˱ˡ
ǣ˶û뵽ǣҶ쾹Ȼؾ˺ε顣
˵ЩǺǱߵ˿˲ǮƣЩǮҲ͵⳥ˣڵǸӦҪǵǸǡ
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ŭⰻȻԼôòСӾȻҵôߣܲա
ƹ˵ɫҲ̫ÿԭܹҶһ仰һʰ
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үҪˣ⳥ҷеڵǸСŮӿڴ˸ǡҲֻ㼫ȣϾһֿüΪΣǳ棬ͺҳַԹֽۣЦ
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һ˴򶨣㲻࿴һۣаͶԸΣڴأ
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С㣬֪СѾͷɲһĺӡҶæ͵
СѾͷȴǽƻúܣû˦Ҷ֣㵽󣬲ί㣬㣬ʥŮߡ
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α˵һԣԵôΪˬæǰСѾͷ˵СҺʹ֮Щ˽˶Թ㲻Ҫ֡
Ҷһ룬æʣŮ£Ȼūұ۸ˣǲӦðҳͷأС̣ҪѾͷȥԸΣӦûʮ־ʡ
ողǲԸʥŮūСѾͷԴȻ˵
ͻȻָıˣΪʣŮµūǿҵҡҶƨ˵
Χ˶Ҷıٶȱʾ֮̾ǰҪ϶ԷߣְͽԷˡ
ߣʶ࣬Ȼ˱ʥŮūԺɵʥŮָʾСѾͷһ߸ϵ̬˵
ǣҶͷӦʵôŵļһҪū֣ΪǲӦʲôأ


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κݺҶһۣ޲óȥһǧС
˵ʲôͷأСѾͷɻҶʵ
Ҷ쿴˿Σһ˿Ц⣬˵һһϢһȻСѾͷ񶾽̵ʥŮӵжƵĵҩҲΪ档
ҶϣСѾͷһȵʵô֪ʥŮһϢأ
ǲµġҶڷܵ
СѾͷҲûǣЦصͷ˵ðɣǱʥŮʹһһϢˡ˵䣬ӴȡһīɫĵҩҶһ۱ϳϴζԵһϢ
СѾͷһϢεȥ˵ǱʥŮ͸ĵҩϽ°ɡ
ʱ࣬񶾽̵ĵҩĸȥǾܾĻȻλʥŮһʱ֮֮
ûӦҶЦôѵ㻹ܾʥŮµһƬ⣿
б۳Ҷ쿴ȥԹޡ
ǣѵ㻹ʥŮĵҩ𣿡СѾͷʵСڶﳤۿɾԲõȥ
һ󣬾ǡͨһ£ͷʥŮ£ջضҩ°ɡ
ǸСʥŮԸ˷һϢءСѾͷĵ˵ű㽫һϢ
Ҷֽ˵ԶҩҲԣҼʥŮ£ô˵Ҳ͵ʲôʾɡ
ûҪʲôʥŮأһĶʥŮɲϲŶСѾͷȻҲǸ龫
ҧݺݵҶ죬˿̣޲ýҶ̻Խͷ֮ޡ
Զȴ̲ס͵Ц
κοӲˡŮֻ
ǰλӵֶο湻ġŮҲСЦ
ܽأԸЩŵĺ˾ӦֺСŮӾ
˵ҲǡŮӵͷͬ
ȴ˵꣬СѾͷֻй֮޲
أղζҩʱ򣬾ȻƤգһ£治񶾽̵ʥŮŮӾ̾
˵񶾽ʥŮôƸأҺֻһˡŮɻʵ
㵭Ȼ˵ǷӦóʲôϵ
˵ҲǡŮӵͷҲû˵ʲô½עתصϣܺ棬νʲôȡλʥŮ¡
Ժ˵ҲȷʵǼͷʹ£ԶԷݣԼϵĶͲܿϡ
һ˼ǺЦ̽Եʵŵ鵤֪ܷʥŮµķۡ
ҩʲôıʥŮɲȱǻİɡСѾͷһڻؾ
β˰Ѻһɨƺûʲôõóֵġ
֮ʣҶ쿪˵ոõǱ𽣿ͦӣóơ
ֲ⣬ҲֻܹԹԽǽȡ˳
Ҷǰ𽣣ϻָƺҪԼǱɫذ׺࣬һǼϵȱÿȡǱذס
ǣص˵ͷ˵⽣ҾʹʥŮˡ˵ţ޳ܵĽս˴䡣
γ˸ɵ֮⣬Ҳͱˡ
𽣺Ҷ˵ʲôɡ
ΰһ˵ʵûʲôõóֵģҪʥŮ²Ļ¾һЩ龧ɡ
龧ʥŮҲǡСѾͷ
һȷʵòʲôöӣҶЦʣŮ£Ǯɲ¶࣬˵һһ࣬ҿҲòʲôĶҪЩ龧ˡ
ǺðɣСѾͷΪѵشӦ
һ龧ˡҶ˵
һ龧Ӷ㱬˳
ôѵʥŮµ۲ֵһ龧𣿡ҶȻʵ
ʱ򣬺λ˵ʲôֻϵùԸȡһһ龧
Ҷǰ龧þһ飬ȷ˵ͷҾʥŮˡ˵䣬ѽ龧ս˴䡣
ԱЩ˶ǿɵۣҪ˺ܶ࣬һ㲻Ҫģ治


405 زز
龧Ҷѵס´λʣŮµĻö׼ҪȻɾûôˡ˵ţڰֵˣϽɡ
ε۶Ҷ죬ɱ⣬ǲưոݵġ
һ˦ȥ
ߺҶȺɨһۣӺƹѲ֪٣ظղſͷԣǾ֮ˡ
ٿΧȺδɢȥµ˺ˣظңҸ裬Ͻɢ˰ɡ
ȺɢȥߵҶǰЦӵʶˣСŮαļǿպ󶨻һѩܵģӿɵСĵǡ
лѣ»СĵģٴθлλƯΪ³档Ҷ׵˵
˵СŮӽչδʲôæùӼЦˡЩ˼˵
ҶЦǳʱ棬ǼһͶ³ˡ
ҿӱűʤİգԲŻ޿ְɣСŮӲ֣ǵùĻǺǼһ˵ⷬһ˿̽ζʵҲȷԷǷĶԸ˺ΣǴӶԷλ񶾽ʥŮ֮ĹϵԷԲϿ򵥡
ҶǺһЦ˵ʵ̧̫ˣ֮ܶǳ棬ǽøӸӡ
ҶĻشûõκΪҲӯӯһЦ˵ȻˣСŮӾиˡ
ˡԶ͡
˸ߣСѾͷüͷһµιղкôһ˶ˣǱʥŮǰæˣ
ūҵĲҶ˵
СѾͷԴ룬Ҳ
ţҶֵˣʱ䲻ˣСѾͷҲϽؼҰɡ
ʥŮ·ˣ֪ؼҵ·ˡСѾͷ
ͳ컹ûڣϽȥҼùס°ɡҶ
Ǹ㱾ʥŮһߡСѾͷ˵
ҸҪһߣҶƵ
ǱʥŮūȻøʥŮһˡСѾͷֱ׳˵
ҶĨ˰ѺղСүֻΪ԰һ£Բ踺ūҲ繻ˣ͹ϵ͵Ϊֹˡ
УδʥŮͬ⣬㲻ԽСѾͷԵ
ҶüͷһΪȻЧ
ʥŮܣҪǲʥŮūǱʥŮͽЫץȥιЫӡСѾͷСߺһ
㲻˵СүһˣϽϵıջȥҪȻСүҿôöˡҶв
ʥŮͰջˣСѾͷ
ôأҶȻСѾͷĻ
ʥŮžСѾͷش
Ҷúգﲻž߻ؼأ
ʥŮͲܣǱʥŮūҪͱʥŮȥСѾͷˣ
٣Ѿͷ湻ģСүҲѵǲ֪Сүˡ
ҶָСѾͷɫȻȴŸ죬ڶôˣ·ˣȥأһϻôأ
С㣬㾡ܷĺˣ˻ˣΣյҲҶ˵
ֻǸСӣҿ°ɡһͬ˵
С㣬֪СѾͷȺһΣգǸԵþ콫߲ǡҶļ˵˵һקСѾͷĸ첲Ҫȥ
ߣʥŮߣأʥŮߣСѾͷһһ߿ӡ
ſۣϽǰӣСѾͷҶ
㣬ʥŮߣСѾͷűĨᡣ
İɣ㲻ߵġСѾͷ˲ˮο
С㣬СѾͷɻϷˣɲҪƭˡҶѾԹѵˣȻһˤΡ
Ȼȴͬķģ߷в죬ҪٸߣҾ͸һߡ
Ҷ쳹ٿСѾͷϹᣬȴŵЦ
ε̾˿ҶҲֻǿӦǾסһϰɡ˵СѾͷСѾͷøʵ㡣
СѾͷȴǵƤСͷ˸Ҷֱҧ
СʲôأСѾͷͷʵ
ʥŮززСѾͷش
ҶֲĵѵС㣬㲻ҪǶ
ȴǲţҶƳƳۣ˵ôءȻЦزز˵Ժͽززˡ
زز˵ͷǱʥŮ׼бʥŮ֣Ҫ֪үүЫ֮⣬˿ɶҪƺʥŮΪʥŮµŶ
űЦô˵Ǻˡ
ţǽʲôأززʵ
šŻش
Ž㣬ʥŮӺöززŶ˵
ǽշ԰ɡŵ
ţززĵص˵ͷ
ҶҲֻܶһۣĳĻСѾͷʵڷŲġ
ʱɫѾôһڣǿŲˣԴһӲˣ
ʥŮҪ㣡ϣززָмһҶ˵
ҪԾͳ£û㡣ҶƵ
ǱʥŮūźʥŮšززüͷ
ҶĨôû˯Ϳʼˡ
ززһ㣬ززʲôкˡ
ŽáززЦ˵
Ǻǣ綼ûԣСӿ϶˰ɣԵ㡣һ˵ţһززвˡ
ţززҶ˸Ȼڴڵس
Թ󣬷Ŵȡ
ززʵززϸ˯òأΪԺֻ䣬ѾͷҲֻܸ˼һ˯ˡ
ţززͷӦ
ҶܾУСѾͷȥҷ˯Ҫ֪СѾͷϵĶճһ㣬ͨ˲Ҷźһ˯
˯أɻʵ
ҵʱ̼Ҷش
룬Ҳ͵ͷӦǺðɣززȥķ˯ˡϾСѾͷ񶾽̵ʥŮɲһСѾͷһûǡ
ŶززЩԸشӦ
ˣʱˣϽȥ˯ɡЦЦ
ǣزز͸Ҷȥķ䡣
źززȻԸʥŮˣϽźʥŮްɡ
źޣ̫˰ɣҪ˯Ը˯ȥҶû˵
ǱʥŮūȻźʥŮˣҪǲźʥŮޣǱʥŮȥŽ㡣ززв


406 ͷ
Ů󻹸һŮӺһŮӣŮӵеؾǰΪòҲֻվŮԾҶʻĸоˡ
ʱΧЩǶһɫؿŮӣǶŮӵò֮С
Ҷ˵ǰŮȷʵֵһűȽϣֲͬʽȽʵʮǰŮӵˮһ㣬·ܹӷھͶ֮Ҳܽ˸ܵõȻûκε˵ѾΪһʡ
ҶϾʶ㣬ǰԣԾһ󣬺ܿ²ԷݣòҲ֪Ƿĸ㡣
ܿߵҶͺ֮䡣
û뵽үãȻᾪܺòǺεȴû˿ϧζϾҺǶ
֪үմݹΪأǳǳЦɽΧЩǿֱĭ
ֱ˵˵ɣ˴ҵˣӦ˼˰ɣξĿϣΪҲЩܲòĳ
Цһ˵û뵽ô֥СҲúү١
ƹ˫ű˴ˣС£Ȼʵ
ڹ·ϣѾλƹḶ́ô˵û̫ķӦǵʵ֪үҪδأ
ǷծǮɱ˳ȻСӴ˻ƹ˫ţǱүԵ˫ţƹֻعɫ˵
˵ǵĻƹΪҵĵ£ԲŰ˴㲻𣿡𳰷Ц⡣
ʵҲ֪ǼȣҪ˵ֹʵЩǣǿԭսپ㵽֮ǰ˽ˣնҲǺҳõֶΡɲϣһξȻһӲʯͷԭȵļƻ״ˡ
Ȼкҳǰ㣬ǶԷϾӵŵؾԲΪҪһΣҲֵô
ټǰСҲǿѿеĹͷӲҧĻû׼ñǵЩλǾһսͳ̶ȡ
ززвҶԵЩ޿κΣѾͷһƱػתأʱɾ鷳ˡ
ǵЩҶҲֻƵʵҪôźأ
ȰﱾʥŮ¡ززſ˫֣ڼҵʱִ
ðɣðɣҶҲֻܹԹ
Ѿͷ洩һɫ·ϸ֫ǰ΢΢¡СеΪԣɽҶ쿴ЩǷ
Ҷ춢Լǰ˰죬ززæֽǰ𣬲üͷŭȵūȻҶűʥŮŲűʥŮӸڳ
ҶƲƲջĿ⣬˵ʲôʣŮˣϽȥ˯ɡ
أززʵ
ҵȻڱϼˡҶش
ɲ͵ʥŮ˯زز
ֻûСͷϹСүҲÿһۡҶززǰǶСƳһۣм˵
޳ܵūȻ豾ʥŮʥŮǵøѵɡ˵ţززӴȡһӯӯĳޡ
һϸϵȱززݣȫӵ֮ĸֻ߽Ϊ޷ʹˡ
һ˵Ҫӵ쾳ΪʹؾԲΪǿҲʹµֻǻ൱ķ
ززӣҶһѲѾͷŮ򣿡
ԴոЩĿĳǰززѾӱ˦˹
Ҷһ飬Ͻˡ
ū㾹Ȼܣززкȵ
Ѿͷ㾹Ȼ򣡡Ҷ쾪һŶǶõСѾͷƤ޳ⳡ붼Щ졣
زز˵һ޳Ҷٴζ
쵰ʥŮվסززһ־ƤޣһָҶ죬üȵ
ѾͷٲѱŲСүҰǹ·ҶȻ
ңززţıӺҶȥ
ҶٴζջбٴһΣСүҸҲҰ·
ûҶ˵꣬ززıѾӭ
ϻ㵱ǲèСүҽͰ͵ˡҶӺһزز˹ȥ
Ҷززŵس̼ˡ
һ룬ززֻǰһͷȥΨһһСǶȻˡ
ززӦҶĻЦٺ٣û뵽Сͷͦ
̧ͷȥֻԼǼСǶԷززСɫ˲ߵͨ죬æ̧סǰͷŭ޳ܿͽ˷ʥŮʥŮʥŮҪȥЫ㣬أأһ߿һ߽ƤҶȥԾڵϿ
޻ǼٿأҶЩͷԡ
󻵵ʥŮҪЫץȥιЫӣأزز޺৹䣬ͦίӡ
УιɶιɶϽ·ɡҶ콫ĶǶززȥ
ҪʥŮͲˣѾ㿴ˡززһ˵ţһץǶҶݺȥ
ﻹأҶƵ
Ҫܣ󻵵Ȼ۸ʥŮЫ㲻Ĺġزز涵µ
ðɣ㰮զզģҲˣбһϡҶҲôСѾͷԸڱϵ
ززһ߳ţһĿⶢҶ졣
Ҷ۾ûԽջ𣬿öԷûޣ̲סкι㻹ﱾʥŮ·
ҶѾͷʵЩϸ룬Ѿͷͣټ֮߳»Щ¶
û취ҶҲٸϻǰԸϽɡ
ززҶ֡
٣㻹ԼǧСˣҶ൱
ǱʥŮūȻʥŮˡزز
ðɣҵù첻㣬Ҿ͸ա˵ţֽززΪСѾͷʹթصӽֹס
ߣǸСززҶվЦ
㶼ô֪ޱӣʸЦңҶ첻
ʥŮʮѣ˵ô󡣡زز
ʮСͷܹôѾ˲ˡҶ쿴ززǰСͷ۲˵
кôܿŮӵ壬ǲҪززС΢΢졣
ҶѾˣҲøСѾͷ磬Ͻ·
ˣϽȥ˯ɡ
ʥŮ¡زز
㽲£ҿû˯ѰɣϻϽ˯ȥҶߴٵ
㲻ʥŮ£챾ʥŮ͸Ž㣬ѱʥŮ·Ϲ⡣ززԴв
㣡ҶСѾͷû취ҲֻЭðɣϽȥ¡


407 
ززϽ£ҪʥŮ˯Ϊֹ
ҿʼˡҶڴͷʼǰɽɽиϺкСУϺжС˵ǰɽɽиϺкСУϺжС˵ǰɽɽ
ιô˵˵һ仰ءزز
¾ô˵ģҲû취Ҷ˵
Уһ¡زز˵
ðɺðɣһ汾ǰɽɽиϴ裬װ׵ƨɣںڵëͷЦ󼦼һ̣ɰһ

زز˯źҶŰĵ
ǿԵĻضñһΪҶϾȻһ㵭⣬Щâ龧һΪ߶ܼɢġ
ڣҶ׻ھ۾š
ʵŨĻ׻꣬ΪҶԪ׻븹ڽٶǲӰģΨһһܹٶȵر׻Ϊ硣
׻Ѿ˻ʼ״̬ԪٶҲʮˡ
Ҷ˵Ҳûа취ģΪ̾׾ֻܶѡһڶ˵ΪҪĻֻ̾Ҫȴ̤̾С̾˫Ԫ֮ǾͿ׹һʱȻҲͲҪ׻ĸˡ
Ȼ̤쾳ãҶȴѾԸоΪĽչٶȱؾʱҪ࣬Ҳˣ쾳ڵԲʿҲûϺüʮһӡ
֪һȥ
峿ʱ֣Ҷֹͣ˿ʣ̫ѾһƬʵĹԣԺϰĲ
˲ãŸŮ𴲣ززѾͷֱͷ
زز˯û𣿡Ժϴ·زز߳䣬Цʵ
Ž㣬󻵵ʥŮһȤĹ¡ززܵŸǰЦ˵
ززⷬһˣǱ𽣵ҶĽ𽣲ûȡ
ʲôȤĹأ˵Цʵ
ģǰɽɽиϴ裬װ׵ġûزز˵ȥҶ㾻͸
СѾͷûˢûϴͷûôͳأôô֪ϽطٳҶزز
죬ǲǽززʲôĶأŻɵʵ
ҶæЦ˵ôأҽȫǽ֪ʶ
˵ţززѾͷһ߱ı򷿼ȥһ߳ǰɽɽиϴ裬װ׵ƨɣںڵëͷЦ󼦼һ̣ɰһ
ҶܣԺָĿɿڴŸҶݺݹһۡ
ززϴ߳䣬ҶǰߣҴȥ˵ģСѾͷǸ
ʥŮߣʥŮû湻ززͣš
ҲߣҶ콫ſȥ
ſʥŮʥŮߣѲˣززԾͶ˵ϡ
Ҳûã϶ҪϳȥҶؽززӵϸ
󻵵ϱʥŮߣʥŮͰϹⱾʥŮѵŽ㡣ززв
Ҷɫৡһ±ò԰ףԱߵŸǵ۾ͷϲ˲֮ɫ
֮ʣҶͻȻﴫһע뾫һ쿴ǿ鴫緢ģæȡ˳
ʱ˸΢⣬Ȼ˷ˡ
ǣҶϽעһԪҫ⣬һŮ𣺡ǰľй˿ͳŶ
һ칤򣬾ȻжˣӶЭĳЧʻҶССһѡ
ĸأҶʵ
չת֥񡣡Ůӻش
֪ˣϹҶ˵
ţǾô˵ŶŮµͬʱϵâҲ֮ȥ
С㣬еҪ³ȥһ¡Ҷ춪仰ȻҲûٹززѾͷֱƵıԺӣոյĴ˵ӶЭᷢϢֱѩ̿
ӶЭһ֡
Ҷ켷Ⱥò׼񷢲񷢲һС
S񴰿ûпͻҶ˹ȥ
ºҶƤЦص٩ãղԽԽƯˣǿøҿˮ
̧ͷ˿Ҷ죬Ц˵粻Ǹոмղء
ôо˺ܾõأҶԴпνһղﰡԴȥٻӰڸԺ֮ȥҲ費˼룬Դ뵽Ķ㣬é޵ʱҲܿӰֻϧεʱûεá
һЦ˵ͱˣֵ˼ҹأ
㳤ʻһ㽿ۣʵ˸ⱲӼƯŮˣһͻȻԼѾİ㡣Ҷһ˵
ЩԼŮ˵أüЦʵ
⻹ѵˣѧ̫ãٽ컹ǵһ˵Ҷش
ûͦҵġ˵
û벻أҽĳǺʹҹɶû׳ȥҶ컵Ц
Ѿùˣ㻹׸˰ɡ
ðɣҪĻʱҸ磬һ̺ôŶҶüͷ
ᡣһЦ
ˣͲˡҶڰ˵
ĪǸշ˳ˣʵֻȻ֪Ľչ
ûոλӸҷ˵Ѿ˳ˣ֪ҪȥҶԷأҶѯʵ
ǶԷѾ֮ǰһڽӴҵȺ򣬸յĵӣȥǱߵĽӴһʡҶָָһţ˵
Ҷ쳯ſ˿ͷǸһˣǧҪŶ˵ָ˰һǣȻȥ
ҶԶȥıӰ̲סꡱЦ
òϲǻļһ˰ɣAȴ̨ŮϷЦʵ
磬Ϲ˵ʲôأüͷ
Ϲ˵ԼǼһıӰɵЦ
ֻǾͦȤģ֮⣬ɾû˼ˡ͵
𣿿ôƺ˼أƽʱɲİ໰ŶѲǼÿΣȶˣһɵʵ


408 
ûУҿѾˣôܻԱ˶ءŬΪԼ绤
ǳҲֻǵ˼ѣ˼ҺٵݣĻῴֲεأҿ㻹Ǿͷɣõʱݵ̫޷԰ΡȰ
ɫͷȻ˵Ҳ֪ôǲܿҵģǻƲסĳЩ޵Ļ֮У磬˵ǲǵʲô˼ء
Ҳ̫ˣԺٵĸоֻǵݶѣȺٸʱָоҲͻᵭȴˡȰο
ҪȺٸˣ˼Ҿ͸ӿˡƵ
˵Ҳǣ磬Щˣǻݼȥɡתƻ˵
š˵ͷתһ룬˵ϷţоʵޱݣҪȥȥɡ
ǺãҡͷӦ
߽ӴҴһű㿴Ҳиѯ̨̨ǰһλŮӡ
Ҷߵ̨ǰȡӵݸŮ˵ӣҿŵӵĳ۷ûС
Ůӽӹӿ˿ַһǼǱһ̧ͷѾˣ06ŽӴҡ˵ӵݻҶ졣
3QҶӹӳӴȥ
ӴмһЩΣǸһС䣬Ϲź룬ȻǽӴˡ
ҶܿҵǸš06ӵİ䣬£Ȼֱ˽ȥ
ռ䲻һӺѾվȥ˴λãʱѾˣһʮӣһǴŹƷķԱ
Ȼλӱĳ۷ӵŵؾԲΪɢһ˿ɱ֮˫ҲҰһֻЩþɳѪ֣ӵֱɱ˿ħ֣ǾͲö֪ˡ
ԼΪҪȶԷһҶȴǲһ˿ΣյϢָоǱһֻ޶һ㣬·ʱпܵϮ
ҶţλŮԱæʵʹǾת֥ķ𣿡
Ҷ쳯˵ͷ
빫ӳʾ񵥾ݡԱֵ
Ҷȡӳȥ
Ա˶Ϻ󽫵ӵݻҶ죬ɡ
ҶӹӣӶ£Ҷ֪γƺ
Ӽ򵥵ػش
Ͽоת֥Ҷʵ
ûУ֪ҵת֥ӻش
Ȼ֪ҵת֥ΪԼȥժأҶɻʵ
ʵת֥ĵطΣգҶСѲǼҩǾͲǰȥðˡʵ˵
ⷬҶٸź⼫Σĸִһ˿˵ΪȻǴǰӿ˵ζɾͽȻͬˡ
Ȼ²ǼҩûڽڵõҶ˵
ת֥ǼΪϡҩĳʮأҲͼһ꣬ǶҪõֻǰȥðˡ˵
Ҷü˼Ƭ̺ʵ֪˵ļΣգǺεΣأĻΣգҲֻܷˡ
աӼ򵥵ػش
գҶЩס
Ҫȥժת֥ܻ׵ϮӲ
Ҷ۾һֲɫʵɷϸؽһ
չأҪ֪ϢҶСѵȽҵĳۡʵʵڵ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦʵ֪۶٣
ǵϢΣԴ󣬿ԲߣҾֻ200龧ˡ˵
ҶĿǰʲ200龧ҲֻСĿѣˬشӦû⡣
ļ۸ʵԱߵķԱ㿪˵200龧Aļλչ涨Ҷ10龧ѣǰóİٷ֮ʮҲ20龧Ϊѡ
Ҷ֪⾺轻ѣҲīֱȡ210龧ϡ
20龧ѣ180龧30龧ɷԱ
龧ӴӴȡһ۵ƤֽݸҶ졣
Ҷ̯һһŵͼ
ӽ͵ھصĵͼת֥λ׽ɽɽϡ
Ҷܿӵͼҵ׽ɽλãʵ֪ⶫھλںδأ
ҶСĪǳƸڣʵ
ǣ¼ǰƸڣԸ̫ϤҶʵش
ӵ˵ͷȻϸ֮ܵȡΪƸڣΪɽжɽųƾʮ׵֮һɽֶΣƸλɽм䣬ɽγ˫ϷơҸŵͼɽΣھأھضԣϵҪԵһЩ
ɽΪαΪʮ׵֮һأҶʵ
Ҳûʲôԭ򣬾Ϊ̾ޣоʥ޴ڡӽ͵
һоʥ޴ڣҶһæʵ׽ɽλӦòɣ
ĺˣ׽ɽ;֮ʥ޵ļʲߣѵĻǿܻϵġ˵
ô˵ȥ׽ɽˣҶʵ
ӵͷȥΣҶֻǰ
ôɷϸ˵˵׽ɽҶ
ɽ֮ԱΪ׽ɽΪɽµ׺һʮףɴٴΣͷ·׽һ㡣ӽ
ɽΪλƵ׻Ҷ첻ʵ
ԭ֪ΪɽĴ챦Ȼ챦ڣҲû˸գΪɽĴۼżΪֲϵЩ쾳Բ۷ǿҲ׿ҶСģתֻ֥ҪܱܿףһͲʲôΣˡ˵
ⷬҶʱ˷˵Խǻ񣬾Խڵϵ
磬׽ɽƸж·̣ҶЩȲʵ
ǰڵͼϱע·ߣٶǰӦþͿԵִˡӻش˵ȻҲ֪ҶСѵΪȰҶСļλḻAͽˣֻҪҶСѳۣҵԸһͬǰС
лѣ½ʶһλ쾳ǰǰҶתܾ
Ȼ쾳ǿǾٺòˡź˵ԭûһѡ
磬лṩϢû£¾иˡҶǡ
ڣ
뿪ӶЭҶֱӳݱȥȻȥ˵һȻ̸ϸ׽ɽ


409 Ա
ջصݣűһŭݵسҶʵ죬ǲ۸ززˡ
Ҷ㶣æôأҿǴ۸ŮӵģرֻûŮӡ
ززô˵·Ϲˣ׷ʵ
Ǵ⣬СǧҪˡҶ͵
⣬ЩĹܲʲô˰ɣŲĵʵ
Ҳû취ѾͷǱҽ£ֻЩ£ҲֻܰˡҶһ޹˵
Ű˰ۣ˵ǺðɣξˣԺɲƵ鷢ˡ
һһ²ΪҶٺЦ
Уزز˵û湻Ҫɡ
ȻСѾͷ´һķգҲһǴٻңǵЩҶҲȻӦǺðɣСûۣСѾͷߵ̫
֪ˣһСĵġ˵
ҪԶţ弸컹
᲻Σأǵʵ
ҵΪ㻹ԼСĵ㣬ʱ̰СڴߡҶ쵣ĵ
ţʲôʱأʵ
ھˡҶش
費ҪΪ׼ʲôģ
ˡҶҡҡҡͷֵˡ
ţŵ˵ͷ
Сڽһ֮Ҷ뿪ݣǰ׽ɽ
˵ھصķϵҪھԵһЩˣھҪھ࣬һЩִ񣬻ʵսʿһ㶼ѡھء
߳ƸڳǵĶţȥƬһƬɽ롣
ӶŽ붫ھһĴ·ʱ·ʿﲻҴǳȺӣǼֻжʿΪҲڵؾϡ
Ȼʿ֮⣬ɽģԣҩͨգϾƬɽȱԵشԱȽϰȫġ
Ҷһ˳Ŵ·ǰߣһȡͼϸ쿴
ݵͼʾ׽ɽķλλƸڵĶϷ·ʾ·ߣҪƺܴһ䡣ΪƬɽ벻죬ҶҲûͶȡɣֻʵʵŵͼϵ·ǰ
սͼһĸӴԴҴܹӺܼƵģһֱŴǰȥܿʧǰһսǴ
ҶߵսǴʱǰ˸ŮСĿѭȥֻղŴҴܹȥǶĸڵʹĸӸǰһʱĵܣһѪܵӣԻվӣһݵӡ
Ա·ʿ׷ײĿۿȻҡͷȥЩĵʿǰ浣ϵӲ̽飬Ҳҡͷ̾ϢȥȻѾûˡ
ϰѰˣҺͺô찡Ůҡŵϵӿ޺
ԱߵкҲĨ޵ġ
һӣŮ̧ۣԱߵʵǲɽȥϰô⸱ģġ
ɩӣģǴԵ;һֻ¹糯һıɴ¹ûе£ǳɽӴܡǾںͷ׷ȥһֱ׷ɽŽǣ׼ԱͻȻһֻޡΪڻܣԼһ˽ֻסһξ󣬷ְֻѴܾˣۻһֻ޸ˣ󣬰Ҳͳ⸱ˡһ˵
һɩӣǶԲס磬ǲܵĻҲͲ˵ôˡ
ʱҶߵӵĽҲʿһͬǰץ𵣼ӵơ
Ƭ̼ҶѾӵ飬ȻȥȫѪܵӣϣЩֻƤˣΪصĻؿڴļצˡ⼸צѾƤ⣬˼࣬ӴʱѾʧѪ࣬ݿ״̬ϸ˵ȷʵѾûˡ
ҶԭҲ̧ͷԱߵĸŮСкջǺݲ߿
Ƭ̵˼ѸȡöؿڣѪֹסȡԶԷʱ״ǲܻܿھεĹȥϾЩ˵Ԫʮִġ
Ҷ׼һʩȵʱ򣬱һλ߿ѵСֵܣѾˣλѾҩɾˡ
ǰϢûˣôܻȵĻһһӸ˵
ΧܿмȺ·ʿΧ֡
ǸŮ˵Ȱ裬æҶ찧ǰһҪȾɷһ˵֧ˣǿɶȥˡ
磬ȾҵҸͷˣˡСкҲµ
ǰǰǺˣ취ȾɡϵҲ
ôҲûãѾˣ쾳ǿڳҲȲˣǻǸϽ̧ȥ׼£ΪɡȰ˵
ҶûЩˣץӵ֣ķԪڣתķӵǿЧԼ˿ϣͬʱҲΪʧѪԱָ
һķ飬ЩС˿ѾϣǰҲתΪʧѪʵ̫أͷû豸нѪϣʮã
Ҷ̾˿ջǰǼö룬˵Ѿûˣ׼°ɡ
˵ҪתȥȻǸŮȴҶǰͣţǰ㣬ˣһҪ취Ⱦɷ򰡣ǲû
磬ȾҵСкҲҶǰͷĵáء졣
㣬㻹ǱˣܾȵĻ˭ֻɷȥأΧȰ
ǽڰ˳ɡ
Χ˶ȰĸŮȴǺؿͷš
Ск;ͺ͵ϴʱԼ࣬˿̵Ҳ͵Լһôôʱһ£ԼҲ˭ȾԼˡ
һҶֻصӸǰȡһ룬֮ȫҪѨλ뷨е뷨ʩչһΣǰӵԶԶûǰأ뷨ЧҲࡣ
ҶϬʩַɽΧʿ̾ѣȻ뷨˵ãûа취ȻǰѾɵӡ
ʵҲˣȻһֱҶ춼ԼҽţǰӵѾǵҽܾȻġ
ȻҶȻٴγ֣˵ϣģΨһϣǡ

Χ۵Ⱥһһ˫˫𾪵ĿˢˢػҶϣǿŷҫ۵Ľâ


410 ѧ
⣬Ƿ
һֱΪֻǴ˵еû뵽ȻĴڣʵ̫˼ˡ
˵ԵΨԵ֮˷֮ܵû뵽ϾȻʥ
ôϡҩһʹʵ̫˷ˡ
ǰǱﰡ

һʱ֮䣬Χ֮쳹ͣ˵ϵ鶼ΪӣӵзǸе𾪡ǰɵİˣ־õ˲˵ȻҲ˸еϧĽ۲
ŷҶЩᣬͷжʮţûؼҸЩѾͷиһ֣Ҳ׽ˣΪĵʱ򲻹֣Լûóһš
ɶ˵ԵҲҲǰӵĻԵ
ƬԥҶ̾˿ȻŷһֹɽΧʿʹϧѡ
ȷ¶ǺҶעԪʹ֮ԭ԰׵ɫָ󣬶ǰҲϡ
Ӽһ飬ȷ޴󰭺Ҷջ룬˵ֱȥߵ㼱ҲΪ鷳
Ҷ뿪󲻾ãһŮɫҴҵ˹ҶûߵĻضܹϵΪǰ
Ѫӣۿһ죬̱ڵأҡӵ޺Ѱ
Ȼôһҡ˹
ˣȻˡ
ȻȻӵĹЧ
ʵ̫˼ˣҿ˵ҽҲ򵥣ҪȻ⿿Ҳѽ
ΧǾ֮̾
ѹĸף˲ϵˮɻԱߵĸŮʵ⣬⵽ôأ
λˣɵӹŹǰ˻죬λ˿ͷлŮѾԶҶͷﻹͣ߶һЩĻ
ΧЩ˵ϵĸ׵ⷬҲľȻĸ׿еĺ÷ȻԼףǺٻ֪ġ
ٿԶǸ˵ıӰ֮ǸӰ˵ϤѵӦòܰɡ˭еֻǸм޾ĸм
Խǰߣԭ·ͱԽԽС;лв˳Щ֧С·ȥҶŵͼϵָʾ˳Ŵ·ǰ
ʱʱ֣ھĹ룬Ҷ·һôϥ£̾
׹һѾָӯҶվҪǰͻȻһ
ͷȥֻһȺŮƺƵӭϸһˣмλɫµŮ֮⣬˶ǶʮӣΪһɫĵؾǰڡλŮӣжʮ߰ӣӵŵؾڵΪ
λŮȻȺ˵ӣʱΧЩ궼Χʶߴߴ˵ͣ
һ֧ƬɽʵЩ֣һ˷ܵӣ˻ǹεġ
ҶûǣԹԵسǰȥȺ˵ĽŲȽϿ죬ľͺҶ˾룬ҶҲǵĶԻ
ѧ㣬˪׳ĿԿ׵𣿡һƽͷʵ
ѧŮԵػشµʵ׵磬ֻ̺һ˿ϵǱӻᷢ顣
أĻ𣿡һݵʵ
ŮЦŻشȻˣֻܹܺõĽԼϢǱڲݴͺѲĴˡ
ѧ㣬èأȫȼɫĻ𣿡һǱŮʵ
⵹ģս״̬ȫͻȼɫĻ棬ЩʵҲֻ𵽷ЧѡŮӽ
˵Ѿ׷ҶĽŲ
ǸƽͷҶ쿴˿ͺԼ࣬㿪ʵιֵܣҲ𣿡
ӶԷһʵУҶҲ֪ЩΪ
Ҷص˵ͷ
һ𣿡ƽͷʵ
Ҷֵ˵ͷ
Ҫһ߰ɣɽǾʮ׵֮һһ˽ɽĻʮΣյġƽͷ
˳·ĻǾһߺˡҶҲֻӦǲƫͼϵ·ߵġ
ֵѾмƻ𣿡ƽͷʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
׼ƬɽΧ߰ȦִƳҲͽˡƽͷһ˵ţһߴӴȡһŵͼ̯Ҷչʾ
Ҷͼһɨͷ·ߺԼǰ׽ɽ·һغϣ·ߵһλָָ˵ҿԺһߵ
Уѧƽͷĵ˵ȻŮʵѧ㣬ܴܲλֵһأҲɽġ
ƽͷôһ˵˶Ҷ쿴˹ȥ
ǼҶͺԼ࣬ȻҲûų
ʲôΪأ̫͵ĻǿܻΣյŶ˵һŮ毺ãⷬǺҶ죬ȴһ˿߰ζ
Ⱥ˵ܹӵеؾΪȷʵҲƵʹˡ
ҶһЦ˵ΪǲࡣʵԼΪЩǿ϶ŵģҶɴ͵͵㡣
ȻҲеؾΪǾ͸һ߰ɡŮȻӦ
ҽҶ졣Ҷҽܵ
ҽҶֵܣܸʶ㡣ƽͷ˵ţȻͺһǸ̸ļһ
ţҲ׷ҽܡ
λӵŮӽгգǸĸ߰ŮӨӨǱŮйԲи̷Ů࣬Ǹݵϣϵһ졣
ǶһɵģҶʵ
ɣǶͿѧѧԱش
ͿѧҶԳһȻνͿѧӦѧУĳȻûϵڽ羹ȻѧԺ
Ҷһɵģɻʵѵû˵Ϳѧ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ
ҿҲֻǸªŵɢ޶ѡӨӨЩĵ˵һֱΪԼΪͿѧѧԱеҶͿѧû˵ˣǴĵ׵Ʋ
Ǻǣȷʵѧʶǳª಻֮λ½⡣ҶǸ˵Щ˿˽ͿѧϢȻǫһЩ
Ǻ͵ҶЦûϵҶֵܣҲֻǰӶѣγΪĥĥǿʶ˳һЩս顣


411 
ֵܣ֪ѧжѧԱأҶڴ
ֽУѧԱӦ˰ɡ
ˣôࣿҶԳԾһѣѧҲĻǱһ൱µ
ǺһЦ˵ϾܱҲһѧѧĵ۹ļѧпǰġ
ѧǷĳأҶʡ
ѧģܵЩԼش
ôԼҶʵ
ѧﶼ쾳ǿߴڣҲ˵ѧԱΪﵽؾԲͱ뿪ѧ˵
Ҷͷʾ⣬ǲԼĻЩѧջ۵ļɲţ൱ڽɢ޶ۼһƱػɳΪĵ۹⽫ֱΣյִЩĵλ
ֽ˵һѧǰС󡢵ǰСغ߸꼶ΪﵽؾʵͿҵˣѧҵˡ
ҵ˾Ǵǳ𣿡ҶЩ졣
ںѧԱĳ˵ĶԻתͷ˵ҵǷֺܶ໷ڵģǰѧԱҲֻһڶѡ
ѵһͨ˲뿪ѧ𣿡Ҷɻʵ
ȻǣκѧԱκʱ򶼿뿪ѧֻûͨ˾뿪Ļǵòҵ֤ġս͵
ҵ֤ʲôأҶʵ
Ȼˣҵ֤ǷֺܶȼģЩѡѧ֮ѧԱͨӦĿ֮󣬵õĽҵ֤ҪͨѧԱ߼һЩǵõͨĽҵ֤ԱҵҵҲ൱аġ˵
ҶЩգЩУҵԴҹû뵽ڽʿȻҲΪ鷳ա
Ȼ־ҵıģУҵҵΪ˻ڷԣڽΪͶһЩ˿ɽ֮·Ҳбˡ
ͱ磬Ͷĺ̻ĻͿԵõЩĺֻıӻͶЩĻÿ°Ϊõٺ»Ȼ˱˵ĺô͵£ǼĸָʾӰšˣ˶Ը£Ըһɢޣһңڵͽˣ켣ӶЭᡣ
ѧ㣬ûѧʲôѡ޵ĿγأйԲŮʵ
Ȼˣ󷨶ѧ˵˲ٹαҵܹͨˣҾʹȥμӽ˵
Ǳ𣿡ҶЩ档
յͷÿٰһΣ췽ǵȨ޼ڣʵҲʦˣ󲿷ʦμӴΪΣΪͨȡʦݵȼ
ʲô𣿡Ҷĵʵ
ʦݵȼõĽˣ޼ڰ䷢ĵȼ֤ȨģȻܵõõΣҲ¯֮Ľջش
ôһ˵ҶʱûȤţֻص⣬ͿѧԺϢ
һһһǰ֪·Ѿߵͷ
ͣ½Ųɫѵǰʽ붫ھصΧˣȥʱ޵Ϯпְܳ˽ޣҶ񣬲Ҫˡ·;ǹϵĿˣǹϵЩ˵ΪӵȻ˿и
ھرԵػΪĴ򣺱ԵΧ
֮ǰһ·ھصıԵ޵Ƚײᳬס·ľͷҲĿǰλãǱԵΧĽ㡣֧СΪޣҲֻߣ߲ᳬŽף˵ʮְȫġ
׽ɽλãλΧ֮أƬѾһʥ޻
յѣѧԱϾŽš˷ܺڴɫЩѧеѧ˵ǰʵδ֪սʹ̼ս飬ԾԾԡȻһе齫ǽʶĲпᣬʶʲôѪȺɱ¾Ҳÿһλ֮˱뾭һ׶ΣѧЩ̤ؾʿʵսΪҲĨȥǵͯ棬Щ۵ѿһηϮֻܽ׳سɳΪһϸʿ
˶˾񣬳ʽ
ǣһԳΪףɽǰ
һ̣ûһֻޣЩոմľԶЩи
̲סҶ
ҶֵܣȻһɢޣǰӦɣʵ
ֵܣҲǵһҶʵش
һֻһжҲ̫˰ɣǸϵӾ̾
Ҷֵǰһй޵ĽսˣԲŸҶжĴӲ²
ȷʵйһЩҶ˵
ҶֵܣǰսǴڴڰɣһڴ˵һ·ϳѾǽ˲ԼʵսЩͳյΪһΣҲ侳иܣǰҶͺΪ£ȻܿҶָ̡
ӨӨȴǲм˵ʲô˲أʵսϣҲܺ޶ս
æѵһұǣѧЩʵսϰ޶ѾȦ˺ܾãҰԲ౻ĥˣԶԶҰЩײУǿɲҪ뵱ȻΪ޶ô׶Ըġ˵ţҶ쿴ȥ˵СҶͺΪǲ࣬ǵǿʵս
ӨӨƲƲû˵ʲôȻҲûȤҶս顣
Ҷֵܣ͸Ͻ˵˵ɡڴ˵
ﶼҶ쿴ȥһϴӡ
ȻҶȤҾ˵һ˵ɡҶ룬ֵʵҽսҲǺܶ࣬ҪҾ˵˵ܡ
ܣһʵսֻ޶սǲ֪ҰܵжЩ
Ҷ콲߽ޣǿᣬһؾǰʿǺͻķ
û˵ôɣʵսֻܾͱǸɽˡӨӨȻ˵
ӨӨʵսֻ˺ۣҲֻͶȡɵعЩ˿ڣǿеġ˵
ûˣҿҲǿȥӨӨ
ҶЦЦ˵ϵޣ䱾ƤѾ൱ʵټܹëͷʩչֻ֣ǵؾʿԸҲ൱֡
СҶ˵û֮κһˣǵû˵ܣǾֻһ·ѵ
û뵽ܾȻޡ̾
ӨӨвʣȴҲ硣


412 
Ҷֵܣʲôأʵ
ӦǾɡҶ˵һʵϣӦֻɳˡ
ǾŽްɣһ˶Ը𣿡̷Ůʵ
һȻǶԸ˵ģͬϵޣһĵؾʿѻжʮֳٻҹֻβͺɨԣҪ˾ᣬԸˣҪҲûġҶ
Щʦ˵һͬϵûܡԲ˵
ûһ˵ʿĹѻͬϵ޵ķϵձڵٶȣҪǿûʲôѵġ˵
ĵʱȺϵӨӨͻȻһС
ŤͷȥֻһֻɫĺӸһžͽӨӨȥ
ЩǰȻй޶սľ飬ս֮ǰ׼ģǰͻϮȻǴֲ
ӨӨʧ룬ѾûսʶҲǳ𣬾ȴȻû㱻һʯͷ
ۿֻҪϮӨӨǰۼֿĴӴȡһɫ˦ּǻ˹ȥ
ϼһߣգۼ˻
ҽһˣһѪӿӨӨȥ
ſջæѵ
ӨӨһæҵسſЩĺѪ󲿷ϣһС죬ǻһû£ӨӨϡ
ӨӨҽһʶȥմϵǵκѪȻȴŪɳ׾ѪĨĺۼһۡȻЩѪ¶ȼߣƤ
ӨӨû°ɣսǵܵӨӨǰ
ңҵʹӨӨգϾʹ֮ɫ
ǻϵޣѪޱȣֱӴƤĻǻƤ˵ġ˵
ӨӨһʱˣѧ㣬ǲǱأһŮӶʮԼòرмɫŮˡ
ÿҰ㿴˵
ӨӨŵŲ֡
ǵۣɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳ¶ɫ
ѧ㣬ôأӨӨʵʵ˵ɫϣѾ²³˴𰸡
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˶֪ȥοֻվһĬĬǶ֪ӨӨһֱò٣Ĵ൱ġ
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ӨӨСҶ˵ûǻ뿪˵ɡҲȰ
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ӨӨǳģһ۾ءԲȰ
ǰӨӨ㻹ǸϽɣǿһŶӣǰ˵Ҫһ·ҲȰ
˵ЩҽԺݼܸģ˶ܱŮˣ֮ȥݣû׼ǰƯˡο
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ӨӨͣţȫûЩ˵Ȱ˵
ȻôǾºˣʱ䣬ɽӦءҶ˵ӨӨΪĵŮˣԽǨԽںԽԣõİ취Ǳ̫£޴ˣӣȻҲͻͣˡ
ʲôʲôʸ˵ģұ޳ֹƨ¡ӨӨҶ˰ۣԹޡ
ǶܶӨӨ˵
ǰҪߵĻԼ߰ɡԲ˵
ҶĨ˰ѺԼʹüЩ˲ϵҲˣȻ飬ȻˣҶҲøЩϹ˷ʱ䣬ڰ˵ðɣðɣһκϵˣڿûҪ˷ˣǾͼﰲοɣҾˡ˵תȥ
ҶĻæܵǰСҶа취κӨӨϵ𣿡
ҵ洫ַ˵ôСˣ첲Ҳܽ޷ؽӻȥֻûʲôƣʹ˱ˡҶ˵Ҫǰߡ
ٴܵǰЦСҶղӨӨ̬ЩҴǸͰ°ɡ
Ҷüͷһ˵г⣬ӦԼǸ
ߣҪҵǸҲŲϡơӨӨ˵ű˲ˮվֱǰȥ
˶㶣ֱӨӨԶԲȷӦӨӨ㡣˵ű첽׷ȥ
СҶӨӨƢ̫ã½⡣Ǹ˵
ҶЦЦ˵ҺûһλӳҪȻЩһǵн޳ˡ
ǺǣҵճʱҲһððʧʧʲôҲεǵɱ̰ɡոп˵
սͿѧѧϰ˼أҶʵ
ʮͽͿѧ񶼶ʮˣʮͷ¶һ˿黳ʮҲ˲ٺˮ
Ǳҵʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ǽĺ̻ĻǾòˣ˵Ļǿܾʱѧν̵ؾԲΪֹ˵ҶʵСҶأѵһֱɢûʲôأ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵Ҿͦõģʱûм뷨
СҶһͽ˰ɣʵ
ҶӦȥͽ˵뷨ᣬҲûҪʲôͽˡ
ʵҲҵȥһͽˣ߼ӶʲôģǿǵһŮЩվûǰ㷽㣬Ҳͷͷ˵
ôûһأ·ҲߵһЩҶʵ
ЩһֱͶ֮Уûǹⷽ飬ҵⷽĿǰɡ˵ʵòҪҸö׾ٵ¡
ҶǺһЦ˵ʲôǰ˺̧ͷȥֻǰͷһֻ޴Ұ׷Ķӡ
ֻҰ߽׽ϵ޸ִ˸ִ̣ƤҲΪɫǸɵһ㡣


413 ɽ
ؾǰʿһֻ߽ŵĶӣͿѧѧԱ湻ġҶЦųյ٩
һЦתͷҶ죬Ц˵Ȼôôִֻͽˡ
ҶһȻ˵ðɣҾ͸ͿѧݷݷѧǺúһΡ
һܿӵ˳󣬶ִֻѾ嵽ʮ֮ڡ
ҶӰһԪҲûʩչֱӳŸִӭȥڳ̵ĹʹԪʩչ˰ȭĵս¡
񱩵İҶϱŷ󷽵Ҳϵޱ߰һļ£ֻӭĸִһ˲ܵĿ־塣
໣
ִһæɲסƣȻֻʵصתҪܡ
ȻŵͷҶȭͷѾЩִϡ
ֻһ󡰶ĽײЩִ̱Ҷȭͷݻ٣ǡءһ졣
໣
ִ﷢һҵıӴǱǰףͣº̱ڵҲͣѪ
һĻɽЩѧԱǿĿɿڴͺΪµļһȻֿȭĻֻŵƨĸִ
˵ЩѧԱλѧҲһ𾪣ΪȻҲ̶ֳȡԵؾǰڵΪҪﵽ̶ȣǿɾͲˣرǸոնԷɢĿֲڻ¡
Ҷ߻صոǰЦôǲǳһأ
һǵؾǰΪ𣿡ǰҶ죬˻ɡ
ʵҶոһȭѾڵؾǰڵĳ̶ȣȻͽִֻһˡ
Ҷֵܣʵ̫˧ˣոʩչһӦǰȭĵʽս°ɣһӭǰʵ
ǡҶͷϵ
û뵽ȭȻ˾ˣѧֵҲװȭڴ˵
ҶĨ˰Ѻһȥװȭܴ֮졣
Сţ㻹ǳͷɣװȭѼܶʩչɴûܹʩչСҶֵزСҶѾ¯ˡվ̾
Ǻǣս˵ûֵ㻹ǳɣֻɵӲŻὫһҶҲȰ
ոʩչʵ̫˧ˣ˵ƾ㹻ˡƺûˡ
Ȳ˵Щ⼸һôҲǵؾǰʿȻһֻ߽ܣǴȥͿѧҪǶˡչؽЩС
ȻЩһﶼӨӨղŵˣټ֮ǰսҰҪԶʵսЩҲηС
ִôˣǻΪأֻֽϻôһ͵
еӣæѵСԣǧҪˣִֻȻСҶһȭˣɾԲǰ㲻áոȻǱСҶİסˣҪȻЩ̷𹥻ǶԸҲ൱ֵġ
ŶԹԴӦһ
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ʦҵսʽôͱһǴأҶ캹յ
ҲǷսʽֻķʽЩѧϰˡս͵
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װѵˣҪأСҪأ
ͷƤһЦ
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ǣӦ
ˣǰɡ˵
ǣּǰ
˲ãһֻ˳߽ľϵޣͷһȫë׵ġЩëӲ̣о綾ͬʱҲ³ʴԼǿĶҺԽؾǰʿʴ
ողǷЩһûаܣһ˺ܿ콫ֻΧһȦ
˰ΧȦвͣתӣΣ﷢˻˻죬ھǰЩˡ
ﶼȡһȴû˸׵壬ΪǶ֪ĶҺʮΣյġ
ЩһӣչĶҺȻϵȫûȻ£ֻҪһ𹥻ˡ
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һ˳ȥ
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ѧ㣬ɽл⣬ˡڵ˵
ҶɢһɨɽŲˣЩ˷ֳȺΧǰΪڵؾǰڵڲȣؾԲʿֻһλ
ûϵϢһ㶼ۼźܶˣȻҲܷɾ裬ۣɱ¾֮أʱʿЩ޸Σա˶һȻͷɽȥ˽ϡ
߽ɽȱŵһŨĿζɽЩꤵļһǿˮ
ǰƬɽ൱Ѿۼˣȴ˿ӵΪֵطһ굽ͷ˽ϢԵϵһЩĺۼһЩ޹ǡ
һ˵ĵЩʿע⣬Ҳ⿴һȻջĿ⣬Ͼʱ˽ɽʮƽ顣
ȺɨһۣȻʹһߵһտ򣬷ԸˣŮѵʰһ£ǶȥľҪܹԲҰζǾòˡ
ѧ㣬㲻һȥ𣿡ϲʵ
Ҫ̫ԶӦòΣյģ˵СҶڣϰ˽ҲӦˡ˵Ͼɽɲ氲ȫȻܽŮ¡
ôһ˵Ҳûʲôµˣ²ظҶɽȿȥ


414 
Ҷֵܣͽ˶أ߳ɽȣҶʵ
ҲûáҶڴ
˵ͽҲֺܶȼģҶֵĸȼأʵ
ȼҪӵӦΪؾǰڶӦĵȼCҶ˵
ҶֵôӶأҴҵͳһӶţųҶֵܲĻʱųλþ͸㵱ˡЦ˵
ҶЦЦ˵ұȽϲһжҲûмӶŵĴ㡣
ֻ߲ŻȺһҶֵֵܵȻûҪʲôӶˡ˵
ǿδأͿǵ콣Ӷǿĵ۹պģÿһλԱǾþɳḻͽˣ˵ǵҪһٸAͽ񡣡ݵ˵
ҲֻǼѣ󲿷ӶŶûʲô˵
ưɣʱҽӶž˵⼫еһ־˵
춼ûأˡ쳰Ц
۲ݣҶæˣˣϽľɣϾͺˡ
˵ţͻȻкҶֵܿ쿴ǱֻС¹
˳ָķȥȻһֻС¹һƬݴŲݣʱʱ̧ͷܲ鿴ܵϮƵġ
Ƭɽ̾ŴΣյޣЩһٻȥϮЩû˿ͨҰޣҲʵڶûˡ
пˡѾ˿ˮ
վű𶯣͵͵ȥס˵
ͷô󣬿϶һӾͱˣǻȥɡ˵
ݲģʱɱȥˡ첻
ˣȥɡҶĨĨ
ŤͷȥֻС¹ȻѾڵһѾˡ
ôͻȻˣòǷ˰ɣ
ⷢ¹ɳԲãû׼ʲôˡ컳ɵ
ģðеġҶЩҰ澭Ĳ񳹵
ҶֵܣʲôʱأôûԾ
ˣȻǰֵˣǿͲаˡҶ쿪Ц
ȻǷģȥ˵ű˹ȥץС¹һֻȣֺǺǵĽ˻ﻹСͷû뵽ͦзģϵʵ˵ŻС¹ϡžž¡
ҶֵܣǲҪСϪأʵ
Ҷɢһָ̽ҷ˵Ǳ߲ԶСϪ
Ҷֵܣô֪ǱСϪأϸҶͷʵ
µġҶڻش
ɣ
СϪ
Ҷֵɲµ׼
ϻˣϽˣ껹üľء
˸ϽֻС¹Ƥʶǣϴøɸɾ
ڻȥ·ּ˴ľ񣬻صɽȵʱɫѾɽȴյһ
˸ոߵɽȿڣӨӨŭ⸱ԣʸЦбǲ׷۹ˣҿ׷²Ӿǰ̡
ӨӨ䣬һŮӵĳӻǰ̣һ֪һ㴧Ź֪ڣҿǴĳ˰ɣ
ǹ⸱ģĨٶİ׷Ҳ䲻ŮӨӨ߷ԭΪϵİ̶һ죬ԷĳЦȻһ
ӨӨˣ۱һʶȰ˵
ʲôأ첻ѻ˵ˣҸûꡣŮӵŭ
Ҷ˿첽߽ɽȣȴӨӨԱһǰһŮڶյӨӨͣȰš
ѧ㣬ôأ¹⼱ǰʵ
ոնŮ˳ЦӨӨϵỊ̇ӨӨͺԲ͵
ҶȺɨһۣǶǰˣһצ̵ӵŵؾڵΪ֮⣬Ůڵ˾ǵؾΪ
ʱһСǰŮȰãɣֳ˹ֶأӶ಻ֵ
ӨӨһʱŭˣһֱԼòΪ٣¾Էá˹֡裬ǿ벻̣С˭˹أ
˭ǳ˹Ҿ˭¡С˵
ô˵Ǹֳ󻹴ø꾫ƵŮˡӨӨЦ˵
ûŮжװǸֳ֡Բܡ
ЩĳѾͷҽ첻úýѵǡŮ˵űȡһɫҪֵӡ
ƣոϽһӨӨǰûȡǿȰҲͰˣαҪǹأΪԷЩ˿ǾḻͽˣԼֻһȺǱȻóԿ
ôˣ˵ҲǣЩδɵëѾͷֻ·һãԷһѾͷҿͷϴŮĽָӨӨ˵
ҪȻǲӦģһ˵㻹ȸ״ˣ±ģҪ˵ǸҲӨӨǸ
ȻԸǸǾͱҲˡŮ˵űĳųӭȥ
ü΢΢ȻԷǶԷôߣҲ޿κΣֻȡǱɫչ
ע룬ȼȵ𣬼ԷٽҲӽȥ

Ľڰײ̶졣
ǸߵȱԷıֻеȱټϳΪҪ߶ԷһΣغϵĽŮƱ·硣
ײͬʱϵڵűϯȥ
ŮӱϾӵŷḻʵս飬һͷԣϽսˡ
ûгʤ׷ղҲûʹȫҪȻԷô׳
ʿɶֹɣջؽȻѵ
ŮȻͷŴžƵǸӳ㿴ˡ
кһھƣ뿴յȻ˵ӦǵԼٲ֣ҿɾͲԹˡ
ΪӳαԼĶԱȻĶӳǲɡȻҲ֪ԷΪҪԼһЩʵսҲҪԼḻһЩѡŮӺӨӨսӨӨǱɵġ
Уҷǵýѵ˹ֲɣҶӳȥúýѵѵ˹֡ŮӺݺݶӨӨ
Ȼ˫ô£ı԰ɡԶһǰһȻЩ˶ֻΪ˿ֶѣǰһߺžƣһ߳⣬һ߹ۿ˫սܡ


415 ս
ΣǸҲҽأеȻʵƽӣȻʮš
ʵҲˣһǾḻӶţһǳëûĲ˫֮ĲԶ׼ġȻû˸㽲ʲôƽʵһС
ôһʣȻԥˣԼߵʵԼһ˻ǿӦս֮⣬˶ϲ̨档ҶȻҲһЩս飬ΪϾҪԷһأһҲӮˡ
ԷӦսŮһߣȻӦսǾ͹ԹԿͷϴɡ
ʹʲôҵġȻ˵
СţҪ嶯æѵû˿ʤıȻ׽ܣ˼Ƭ̺ǹ˺ҪǱЩİɡ
ߣ˭ҪǺˣƾʵ˵û»ţǾȡ衣Ůӷ̵ɲɵӣȻűʤİգֺαظԷĨǡ
˭ҪȺܣǰһȻ˵ȺܵĻٻϵơ
⵹Ǹ⣬ϵƣΪϵƣҲͿķڷˡһԾԾԵվ༸Ҳվ
˸ʢȻʾ׷ߵԷ
ͷնʱļ٣һ˫ȺսǾǳֽˣʱҲġȻԼϵ΢ƣƸֲʵʵսϵĲ࣬ԣľԼߡ
ǵЩǰ˵ǽԣҪ󡣡
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ӨӨһɫЩףȻҲ֪ԼǱɵģҲ˵·ıȻԼҪȻӦ
ȻҲ鷢ҪҪǲܱԵġ
ҪǲܱԣǾʹȺսˣʱ˵ĻŮ˶һ裬ӦûȤŮЦɲˡЩˡ
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кϷˡ
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ѧ㣬ңǻǻطɡԲǵ˵
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֮£ҧ˵ˣϺˡЩѧԱģڳ飬ȻõȫΡ
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ʱӨӨȴȻǰһ˵ãϣĻϱǡ˵䣬۽ˮ䣬Լ۱ˣԱһе
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ӨӨһ˿Ǹ͸мҶ쿴ȥܲӮϳ棬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ţ̾˿˵ⳡԣӨӨǱɵģҲ˵ΨһϣǿˣСҶûаأ
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ȻҶڿЦ
տһЦ˵һᾡġ
ʱŮӵ𣺡ǵûأ
һ˵ǾôˡȻתŮ˵ˣ
ԵΪףټŮӺ͸ղǸС˾ԵҶ˳ȻǿҶΪǶû̫⡣ΪҶҲͺͺЩ겻£ΪҲ͵ؾڣҾӵеؾΪʵսϻһʤԾʮã
ǾͿʼɣһλӵĳսˡĵ򶨵˵ЩսľŽ޶ѾȻηǰŮӡ
û⡣մӦ֪ԼӮֱӹϵԵʤܣϵԼֻ䡣
ҶӨӨ˵һԣԵŮӺСҲȥϾʣպǵӡ
ӨӨһŵؿųգҲ֪յֱӹϵԼ裬ѾĴ㣬Žת
ǰЩӶһ߿žƣһµڴǰⳡ
Ƭ̺󣬳մӴȡǱɫĵҲͬʱȡһӲӵĳǹ
ȻԪԣһЩĹȴƫģҶ׾һϵʹϵıʩչϵʩչǾܹ󸱷ӳϵ
򹦷ԱҪʿڿʼ֮ǰͻῼ֮һٻȻܶʿֻһ׹ǻѡһЩҪȭȷ֮Ϊ޹
֮ʹûϵαҲΪһ׻ϵΪŭ𽣷
ŭ𽣷һϳ˹ͨһʽǰʽֱӦŵؾǰСڣʽ쾳ʽ
ĵһ׽ٻǹϳ˹ʽΪĶӦյŭ𽣷ͬǹԱԲҪ
ΪĹԸ̶ȵļӦһҪǿЩԵĹҲζŵڹҪȳѷɫ֣ʵսΪϵΪֲЩࡣ
аɣоųǹгĶԳ˵
ҲעȻŵм˶ȥ
һֻΪ̽ԷʵԲδʩչκʽ
ӭĻ𽣣вػ˦Žâĳǹӻ𽣵Ĳ෽ɨȥĿҲֻΪ˵ơ


416 ս
ᣡ
ǹصײڻ𽣵ĽϣǿĳеĻ𽣻Ҳƫδս˳Ż𽣵ƫƣʮתͬʱֳת֮ŭ𽣷һʽʽʩչ
Ȼ˵ڶʽ͵ʽҪһʽ࣬ǿͬʱҲҪʱ䣬һǿ칥ʩչʱ̵ĵһʽΪʵġ
˴󣬻ϵ쳣ӿ˺Х
ԷѸڶ΢һƾǷḻս飬æҡ
ڶԷϮ֮ǰѸǹעٻǹһʽķҲ֮ת
ʯ
ƺԣ
̶Ƭ֮䣬ǹͻչ˵ڶν档
䣡
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һΣ˶ʩչ˹ʽײȻҪ֮ǰ࣬ϽļܸоһӿӭϮ
ǹһ֣սˣΪвִ٣Ƶ
УòСǶԸ˰ɡ
ҿû׼ˣ
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û˵ۣվƺȻ˵Сˡ
ն˵Ѹע׼ʩչŭ𽣷ڶһԭһǴΧöԷ޿ɶ޿ɱܡ
ӶԷϣܹ²⵽ԷһнǴΧƣѡһʩչǿʽͻƣͬʩչΧʽл⡣
ǵԷĹҪʤԼһǿͻƣܻܾܿ˵Ľ֣ԣǱصѡ˵ڶַʽ
ע룬гǹʱâš
ʱյĹһ׼ϣл𽣸߾ٹͷϵĿ񱩻һ㼱תš
û˿ĳɣһӣЯŻǰ䡣
գǿ񱩵ĻԽڵǰĵϮȥ
ƺ˵Ļеɫ쳣ƽʽƺҲѾ׼ϡ

дȣͬʱֻǹǰ͵شȥǹǴ򵰻һ㼲תȦȦһ𻨣ȦȦԽתԽ󣬽Ҳ̼֮ɢԲһСһƵĵǰ
˲ײһȦȦ֮ϣ䡱֮쳹ͣ
ʽɵɲǣѸջسǹǹעһǰЩ𻨴ȥͬʱкȵһ֦㣡
ǹƬ𻨵ĴʱнѸǹ⣬۳ΪһɫĹţžõ廨һ㣬һԽԽΪҫֱۣһâ
⡰һ֦㡱ǰٻǹĵʽдʱַʽʩչʵǾĲʩչУҪһʱȻ󵥶ͷţнн˼򻯣ڶʽһУʽֻҪݵյڶеʽСֹʽ൱ڶʱһͷУȻʽʩչҪһЩ
â״˻ռȥ
ȻûϵԷȻֹĹʽۿŽâϮԵЩֲŻææػӽ񵲡
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סĹƺ󣬵״̬ȻѸųռȥ֪ͻĴʱΪԷ˸ղŵһӦѾš
һ絶Ԥϣڻھδ״̬£ٿԷӭϮֻܾŵͬʱעǰ񵲡
ϣ
ǹǹصײڻ𽣵ĽϣȻƺ޼Ϊԭʹ·磬Գһ֮ԵøΪǱˡ
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ʱջˣӶûվȣǹϮ֪Ѿ񵲣Ըɴͷֱעʩչŭ𽣷һʽŵȥ
кԼĿǰѾȫ¶ԷһûðգóǹִٻһâԷȥͬʱѸٳˡ
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ҧأ쳣㣬ԼǾôҲͳˣһ뵽ⳡԵĶעһᣬ˵ûнء
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⸱ģ󷽵ѧԱǶǾĲѡ
ƺֱܿոǰгǹĺϣʵ봹𣿡
һݣ֪ԼѾ졣
ѧ㣬ϽɡӨӨȰ
ĬȻתȥӭǰȥס
ӨӨѧԲ㡣Ǹ˵
ӨӨҡҡͷѧ㣬Ҳãǵ£Һ˵ġ
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Ȼд£ǾϳɡС˵
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ӨӨȻ֪䣬ﻹҪȥأǸŮһġԲǵȰ
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СӣʲôѲ볢СүȭͷСЦ
ò᲻ǳ˹ֱ۸ԴԼսɣŮЦ
յȻҲôΪģʤģʽֻҪǰôλѡҲòųˡ


417 һ
СӣӢ۾ɣ󺺵Ц
ֻϧȵĲʲôˡϵֵ
Ҳ˼Ҿͺء󺺽ŵ

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ȻҶĻȴ˵ЦȻֹ
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ռҲͬޱȣǵʶУҶֻеؾǰΪȻӵŷḻʵս飬ҪԸͬӵŷḻĵؾڶ֣Ǿǲܻʤġ
ѧ㣬ҶҶֵʲôأ㶵ʵ
Ҳ򶨵ӣʲôɱﵰɡղ²
ʲôɱﵣϾҲֻǵؾǰΪҪԸؾڶƺҲ̫ܰɡ쾪ɵ
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ŮӺС˰βŷӦ
СӣȷԼû⣿Сʵ
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СӾȻֹؾǰΪ߽Ҷ죬а
ˣǸĿɿڴˣȫûпҶôȥģСһȭҲжʵǿΪСûüſûз£ԷֻеؾǰΪҲԽˡ
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Ҷֵܣģ˷ܵغ
ҶֵܣϽҲһȭɣҲǼغ
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ܣոĸǱ͵Ϯģ޳ܵĻ쵰Ҫĸ籨𣡡Ů˵űȡǱɫҶȥ
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˶ԣŮܵİشɽһأĳƱӲֹȫͣͷҲð𶹴ĺ飬ޱȳء
Է⸱ӣҶһȭҲûٻ
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ڿ˰ɣҶ쿴ǰȻɪɪĽѾòȵŮʵ
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ȻˣôղŵԼǲҲأҪأҪ¿ͷϴأҶʵ
Ҷôһᣬ֮ǰԼ
ȻˣƺѾ֮ǰѹлڴؽµ
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֮ǰǹѹֵպܿɢɽָֻ֣˷׷ҪŮ裬Ůңһ֪ӡ
ʱָҶȵСӣᣬֶξ˱ӣ־˺ݶ͵ϮСĵˣӳһ㡣


418 һ
Ȼ⵶ǲսܣԱٽ豨ˣһŮӽΧذơ˵Ҷ쿿͵ϮСҲľ飬ȻҶڳ֮ǰѾѹԷȷʵҲСûս׼³֣㲻͵ϮҲ¶ۡ
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СҶҪûյĻǧ򲻵óǿղĵȰҶΪʢԲųǿ˵ⷬ
İɣзִ磬ڱʹˡҶ˵ǸʲôʽԸǰһҪʹʲôаѶԷˣЩСֵԼ𣬵ʱǸ鷳
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Ϊ˵͵ϮξȳְɣֻһΣҪպˡҶ򵶰ѵ
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سѸǹעһҶ챼ϡ
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ڵʩչͬʱҶʽȭҲѾ׼ϣЩӰ˲ڣһȭһӰŵ˳ȥ
âӰĳƶ൱Ѹ֮;
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䣡
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Χ˶Ŀɿڴ
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λؾԲҲһضҶ죬ΪؾԲʿ˸ӿ϶ȷȷʵʵӵŵؾԲΪ
յ°Ͷ쾪Ѿˣ֮ǰʩչԼʽҲֻ뵶һƴ൱ǰҶ쾹Ȼ׾ͽи⣬˵˵ΪѾԶԶԽ˵ֱһϵĴ
ȲǣѾľһǰԼ൱ʩչǲţΪͿѧԺѧԱһֱַĵĽǵǰһĻʱͻȻԼǶô޴Сǰˣǿߣš
ӵɵùԲѵһĭоԼЩҲЩӲĸǡͨͨ
ټ𣿡Ҷ쵭ȻʵʵҲߵճЩ˷ǵðƵֵز
һģֲʡôսйγɹʧܣеʧ裬ȴûܹǰ衣ԼȻܸһʮС꣬һһ֮ܣ˵ֱһ޷Ĩȥ۵㡣
нҧأֵȭͷá죬ǽǹ¶
ȭͷվɿˣΪһḻˣ֪Ȥʱĵ֪е¾ӦüʱһλԼǿĵӲƴּ޴Ϊ
Ӯˡвʶε˵֣˽ǹĬȻתȥ
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ºƬֿ̣ʼ塣
СǣǲӦÿʼأһֱ¡
Ըķ䣬Ͻ裡뵽ղŶԷǰɪģҲĵظŽ
֪ʲôʳ˰ɣ쳰Ц
ŮΣ֪ѾûܾȵԼˣҪô˵Ϲ·


419 
պͼλŮȻҲôˡ񶾵ŮˣǱϾŮˣȻ뿴һŮԼǰܴ衣
̾˿󣬳ǰ˵ʩˣȻҲ֪鶪֮ǰﻹҪٰѣҲáǿɲһ񶾣㲻·ҲԣϽӨӨǸɣҲҪ¹ʵصǸˡ
ŮһﻹаԥϽܵӨӨǰЦǸãд˽һذɣǽ㲻ãĳͼˣҪ㻹ܴǡ
ӨӨ˰˵ʹϵҿɲãԺΪ䣬㣬ϣ´ͬĻˡ˱ˡ
ǣõĻһĵġŮҲֻܲϵЦ
Ǵ¾ô˰ɡӨӨ˵
û˰죬ȻæһȻܲĽ˵ֶһһ
֣Ȼô£ȥɡǰһ׳Ц
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Ҫҵ͹񣡡󺺴ֵ˵
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ǣѧ㣬ȻǶӳɲְȨҲԵ
ƳƳۣȻԣǾ͸Ͻæ
Уջ𡣡

ǶΧȥ
ԶЩֵ֣ͦӣʱʱЦ
ҶȥӨӨǰкᣬ˵Ҷ磬֮ǰ˵ôԲĻôԲ£㻹ôңҶ֪ôл㣬֪ôǸ֮ϣԭ֮ǰ񡣡
Ҷڰ֣ЦˣŮ˵ʱһ򶼺ģرƯŮӣҪмңǾͰˮסɣƯŮᣬҾرۡ
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ݴȺززԺȥ
Ž㣬Ǹ󻵵ȥôԶĵطʲôأززʵ
Ҳ֪ȥʲôӦʲôҪ°ɡ˵ʣززʲôʱؼأ
ʥŮȥЫ㲻ڼңʥŮһˡززش
ҪЫҲ㣬᲻żأʵ
дأЫʥŮͻϵʥŮġزز˵
Ǿͺã˿˯ɡŰزز͵Ҷ췿˵
ŽʥŮ¡ززŵ
ðɣȵ¡˵
ززԹڴ
űڴͷ˹£ֱ˯ŷȥ
ŻصԼ䣬ţΪţôذڶ
Ҫ߹ȥشһӰӴ˽էһҹк£ɺڲĺˡ
ʶļһŵȴ
˳ɵųȥҪŸǰʱҲڴͻȻܳһӰźϮȥ
˷ӦΪݣѸٳһ
أ
Ӱҵײϣһ֮¾Ȼֱӱ
˴󺧣æסƺٶǺӰȥһֻë
üͷһ壬Ϊ޷ֻΪȽףӸղһĻԲͨ
˵Ҳûˣȡһɫ󵶣עСڿȥ
СڡһУһݻâź˵Ĵӭȥ
ۿŴѾСڣһ룬ȴһ󼱴ٵġǡ졣
ûȺ˷ӦĴ󵶾ֻʣµȻˡ
ԶĺëȥȴͦһԲĹĵĴӣǻһ㡣
˶ͷðϸڲµ촽Ҳ΢΢ȻѾµԼµȱǱֻԽ˶ӡ
ﻹҾæƵĴܳ˴ʧںڰС
ȥŻæܵǰų˿
Ҳ֪Ǻҵ˻õˡ˵ֿСЦлСڣοɶˡ
СһЦƤһԴһ̱ڵء
СڣžһܵСڸǰȴ﷢˿
СһˡЩЦã˵ű㽫С˴ͷ


420 Ⱥ
ҹɫīɽ޺˷
£Ķ𷢳ž죬ɽյ硣
ոջڵļ󺺶ѾͣǳԱ㣬ϢϢеĴԼİıһֱزš
֮ǰҶСѾѹȻûȥҶѰ
ܿ죬һζɽǰһȺ˶Ѿˮһ˫˫۲ĿֱضſϵֻѾ΢΢ƣ֭ȫ¹
ѧ㣬ԳûأȲʵ
ʲôû͸ءղ˵
ôоѾأŵ
ǰôˣٿȥҪˡļ
Ҫҳһ鿴û졣˵
ȺèƳƳôŵζ¡
ѧ㣬û˵ôذɣϻɵ
ûôأʱǾ֪ˡ˵
ˣоƽ˵
Ƭ֮󣬻ϵѾ˽ɫһѿϸһε֭
ˣˡ
ųյһЩһҲ֣ȿֺץȥһȺؤʳƵģɽбЩ˿
һ̻ʣûãֻ¹ͱȺ˸Ϸˡ
ԱһűϢɽҲڰֻʣľȼշžı졣
յʼնûҶʼΪ⣬ΪǶ֪ԷΪȻԭģȻˣֺαضʡ
֮ڣҶдָ̾ӯ
ٿ˿ԪٿǰƬأε̾˿ȥ׽ɽ˳ժת֥ȱҶɹζҩû׼Ƴ鵤ʱԼѾ̤С̾ˡ
ȻҶ˵鵤ɲΪ˶ԸԪϵĶأ鵤ܹԪΪĻԼ̾ҲǴаġ
СӣҲûҪ̾ģԪЩ˵Ҳδûкô׻Ҷǰ֡
ô˵Ҷɻʵ
ѵû쾫ͣĻָԪҲڻɳ׻˵
𣿿ôûϾжҲ죬ԪгɳҲʮ΢ģҶȻҲѲ
֮ûҪ̫ȥ⣬ЩصĴڶԪҲĥ׻ѵ
֪ˡҶڴӦֵˣҪȥһӦûаĵط
Ŷ˵׻ʵ
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֮£Īɽ̺ʲôױ׻²
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׻˵ͷ˵ȵ˵ɡ
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۾һֻĸɫҴҵسɽȣĹԿԿȫѪܣͺǸմѪһ㣬һƺȽˣ˿š
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ѧ㣬ǳʲôأԲʵ
ֻ²ʲô£Ҷˡɫصѵ
ҶüͷҲ΢΢УΪ׵ĳӺǸ˵ӾǵؾԲΪҲеؾΪһ֧ؾȻ쾳ĵˡǴʱ˴ҴҽɽȣȻ˵ǵĵں׷
ȳӴɽ룬æʵǷʲôˣ
Ӵڴλѳְæֵ׷ɱ
ɫǴ䣬رЩḻˣǶⷬζʲô
λؾԲߺȻһŭʵǳɽȣĪҪˮ
λǲҪǣѾһһҹˣѾܲˡƣ˵
ߣǵΪԸ˵ĵˣӦˣⲻǴᣡҲŭݵغȵ
˵ɽ˵ʵǿ٣޼Ȼ˶Ըˣô֣Ҳֻȫû³
ʵһ㳤Ҳ֪ģԭɽ쾳ǿߴڣϾؾԲʿҲֻһҲˣոսɽȵʱŻ¶֮ɫ
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׷ʲôأ侲ʵ
ԥƬ̺ЩػشȺ
ɫȻ࣬ǵһֻʥ޵ĻϣܣȺϮǸ޴ӡ
ҶɳǴ󳱣ȻȺζʲô
ϴڷɳʱΪŸŮû취ԼͿѧԺ˵ĸ黹ǺҲûҪΪðΣգԵȲѵʱѡЩˣܡ
£ʵʲôǣ
࣬ǡʵش
ۣ˵ɫӲÿˣҪ֪ǿǰ˽ޣ൱ؾΪȺʲôѾû˸ȥ
ǻѾôܻ׷׷ʵ
ţ˵ǿȺһǾ뿪Լɳӡ
Ҳֻʵ˵ʵֵܼɱһֻۿ̣ԲŻ⵽׷ɱ
ⷬ˵ɫһٱ䣬һ˫˫ŭĿͶȥ·ǧһ㣬ΪǶ֪Ѿʥ޼
ᣡ
žɽײʯ
ѭȥֻץһѳڵϣȰ뿪ɽȣҪȻȺ׷ȰǸˣݺ˵
£Ҳ׷ȡʾΣգνҲһĲֵˡ
ⳡ棬֪ٲߵĻЩ˿϶ǻᶯֵģΪҲֻεת˴Ҵȥ
ĬĬȥıӰʵҲùΪ棬Ǳѡ
ֱ˵Ӱɽȿʧ˲һ
Ȼûǽĳɳո뿪ɽȵ˾ȻֻŻŵ˻
ǣȺѾ׷ˡһܣһߺ
˶͵һ


421 ս
໣
Ǻɽ𣬷·ǽڷʩһ㣬ţһǺӦ֮ǰǺ
ɽȿڷȥѾԶԶĿڰһɺ˸ţٿЩǳǵ۾
˶ˣ¶˿ֻŶ־ɫ·ǿڿҲ˵Ҳ
Ͻסȿڣžɽߵľ
ʿǻȻѹ׷ȡɽȿڳȥ
ѧ㣬⣬ô죿ӨӨʵ
ѧ㣬ǲҪأԲץųյ֣ŵʵ
ɫЩףֺ˵ĳҲǵһ
˿ҲֻֿţŬı򶨣Ϊ֪ԼЩѧԱǵľ֧ԼˣЩѧԱҲ͸Ӿˡ
һĭ󣬳侲ѧԱԸǾͶɽʹȿڡ
ôԭ㣺һЩǵ۾ӵżǿҹڰսʿȻԿڶڵĻУǿԸǵӾ
ȻôĻЩѧԱƱػΪǵҪϮĿ꣬Ҳʮһ㣬Ҷ죬СҶ鷳ﱣǣҵᣬʹӳȥɡô˵ҲֻЩϣȥʵϣһսļʼΪ㡣
Ҷ˵ͷô˵ҲǸɵĲ£ܱȥǰԡѪսҪá
ѧ㣬أʵ
ұȥסȿڣҪȻȳǳǾˡ˵
ѧ㣬Сĵ㡣˵
ţҲǡЩѧԱһۣȻȻתȿڳȥ
ߺ˷׷ȡƣע󣬽ɽȿڷͶȥ
ڹߵ£ԿʿѾۼɽȿڣЩչɱЩɢĸɫâɽȿӳĵʰ쵡
Ϊǰ˽ޣؾǰʿĹ޷乹˺ԳЩѧԱ֮ؾǰʿҲɽؾϵʿǶǰ߷ս
ʮʿԷطֳʵȵĶ飬һÿԽɽȿʵʵĶסһվں󷽸
սе쳣ңǺɱ쳹ͣЩʿڲͬ壬֮Ҳûвսľʱȴϵ൱ĬΪǶǾḻˣǼֲͬսŶӣֲͬսʽǶʮѸٵ뵽κİŶС
ֵͷ߹֣һʿǵķʮġټЩոմӺ󷽺ڰ˳ĳǣܵǿĴ̼ݵϰڹϵҲ˶ˣʿǵİȫ˺ܴıϣսҲࡣ
ҶֵܣЩȺжֻأ۾ŵʵ
ҲǺҲгǧֻɡҶصػشǰ׵ľ̽ⷶΧѾ˳ǡ
ɣǧ򣿡ͷЩᣬоֺ;
ЩŮϸǲ˻֮̿ɫԲ˵ңǲҪأ
ҲɡҶֱ׵ػش
ҲҸĸϣϣҪǸôأຬ˵
֪ҾͲðˡ˵
ųԶΪһϸʿΪһߣӦԴڵϣǽַܲգǾ;ؼɡҶ˵
˶ǳĬ
ҶֵܣͲ𣿡ͻȻʵ
ʲôãǰҪͱȿ˷п־壬սΨһ·ڹȿڷսЩʿǱǸǰƣ֪ǾһȴҧиսΪǶŬѰһҶһδ֮սԹѿ͸ľȻЩδ˵Ĳܱȵġ
ҶⷬŮǶֹͣ˿ҲǶѾͨˣʱ־Ѿûκ壬Ϊ棬ֻսϣãҲ
ȺʿƬ֮Ҳ׷Ͷ뵽ս֮С
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㲻ľƣʿҲֻܲͣɽгˣһɽȣǱʧȥ˹ȿڵĵƣԭȷֻֿСҲֻվһţʻ֮ƽɽȿΧס
ģȥɼֲ˶ˡһ߻Ĵ󸫣һµ
ʱķսʿǶѾ¶ƣ֮ɫϵĶʮ־޴ģرЩؾڵʿǵľ״Ѿ᧿Σ
ɽЩؾǰʿ磬֪ǰЩʿһ£Ҳֻ·һˡ
ԶԣҶɫҪƽ࣬Ͼӵ쾳ΪҪȫûġȻֻҪܼһӪǰЩˣɢ̽ŹѰҳΪ֪ǰϣɱгǣǴܳһȺȻͻ᳷ˡ
ֻǷԲȺӿǲӰٿǰƣֻǳŲƬˡ
鼱֮£ҶֶƣעԪ󣬿Ƶƹ˳ɽȿ£¶ȥ
һ鿴Ҷ˶Բߡ
ƶѸһķԪע˫š
Χеŵ׻ۣ˫һȻԾӶʱһſеȥ̼Ծʮ׸߿ա
·˿һĻһ󾪲ٿҶѾֹͣۿҪ֮ʣĽŵȻһȦˮɫӾȻٴڿԾ𣬺ܿʧڵҹС
ֹƬ̣ɽϷʮ׸ߵҹٴεһƬɫ
ţһâϷţâչ֮侹չʮ׳էһޱȾ޴Ľ𽣡
ɢҫ۵ĽâһŽɫ̫һ㣬յýӲӡ
ЩսǰߵʿҲԾ̧ͷȻڹâ̫ǿ޷ֱӣȻͲ֪ʲôܹŽɢһɵޱǿ
ǿЩӿĳȺ˿־塣
һ̣սֹͣˣʿȺעͷϿյǱɫ޽֮ϡ
۾ӦߺҲǱɫ޽һӰȻǲܿӰò
ѵ쾳ǿˣ˲²
쾳ǿܷɵô𣿡˻ɵ
ò·˰ɣ˻
ΨɽЩؾǰʿ֪ǸӰҶ죬ֻǲֵ֪زġ
ˣǱ𽣶ˡ˾


422 Բ
һ˫˫Ŀע֮£ǱΡȻҹеĽɫ޽ȻŹȿҲɽķ嶥䡣
䣡
ɲǼضɽҡССʯ̻һ¶Χ俪ͬʱɽ¶һұնϣ˳ȿڵ䡣
һĻȿڸʿǻæɽڳˡ
¡
ҺȻڹȿڴʯĴɢɽȿѱµʵʵ
нâɢָֻһƬڣʿԾ̧ͷš
ǸϤӰҰɲǣ϶¶˲֮ɫû˸ţղǾ춯صһȻСʩչġ
ʵ̫˼ˣǵؿصҶ죬˿̣ңҵʱǵѡ䡣
ΪԾĻĸȺʿǲĿùҶʵҶչֳľʵò˵Ӿ˾޴ĳ
Ŀɿڴ֮ʣԲļͻȻ˶ѣȥֻǼֻѾɽȵĳǣڵЩƵĵؾǰʿȥ
ʿǳ֣Ҷö룬ɽ⼸ֻǡ
Щǵ£ɽٴλָɽǺ˷ȺϮҷġء졣
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Ҳ˷ܵ˵ǰҶֵôɵôߵأ
ҶҪ˵ʲôҲλߵСѸոʩչĪǷĲĵһ죿
ǡҶڴӦ
Ĳܷɵô𣿡
ǰһλ쾳ǰʩչУֻԾʮ׸ߵӡ
ղλСֵܿʮ׸ߡ
ʿ۷׷ס
СֵܣոһеΪӦеؾԲ˰ɣ󺺾ɵʵ
ΧʱһƬž˵ĿⶼۼҶϣڴĻش
ҶȴֻǲÿɷصһЦ
ʵڳļλؾԲʿҶղһȷʵֻеؾԲˮ׼ֻڸ߿գټҹҫƻֺ룬ԲŸһ־Ϊ˵ĸо
еؾԲΪѾ൱ˡ
ҿɲҪˣҿɵסĽŲԻǸϽûָɡҶѵ
ҶôһѣŻǰĴҶ˵Ȼ赲Щǣȴ赲˳
һ뵽㣬˵ɫʱ裬ǿһ֣˵Ҳ͵ˡ
ߣĸ˸ӣڳ֮ǰ·˵ű޸Ҫ˿ȥȴĶ
µҲֻŽһĲſܻһʲôһ̰ɡҲȰ
ȳһﻹʲô󺺴Ŵȵ
ԭ˾ѾھԵʱһⷬǵĸһһ˿Ҳˣ˵һȳⳡսҲͽˡ
ʵڱǸ˴ңԭɽ쾳ǿߣûϵĽǸ˵
ڵǸƨãô޹Ҳùˡյ
˵ЩҲûˣϽ취ɡȰ
ҪҸϽͷңɽû·
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ѧ㣬Ҫ𣿡Բʵ
ճĬʱѾûҪ˵ѻƭЩѧԱˣѾǲʵ
Ǻˣһ˿ϣ˵
뷨ܿܵ˵ܾܲԣѵĳǶڱϹս𣿡
˵ֻһֻһ˿ʤ㣬ɳʱȻǿסȿڵľҡһȺˮıӿʱ˵ǻɱˣǳȺԽΧŹˡ
һ취ͻȻ˵
˵Ŀ߿ȥȴǿҶ졣
Ƭ̺˵ȻСѿʩչĲԾʮ׸ߣǱԽһ͵ЩϣҲܹνˡ
ⷬ˶۾һһ˫˫ĿˢˢسҶȥĿгϣڴ
ȻҶĻشȴǴʧ
ʵʮ׵ĸ߶ȶ˵ѾΪǿֻû취ָ߶ȡҶ˵˵һղŵĸ߶Ѿļޣ˵ļޡΪԽߴԽϡҪۼҪķѸԪղڿƬ̣Ѿķ˽Ԫ
ϣԽʧҲԽ˵˲ȵס
žƬ̺㲻͵¶±Ӧûɣ
һƺֿһϣ
ܿ˵ʵʮ׸ߵ±ϣҲδضùϮ
ǰʥ޵ĹΧԳԽ롣
ⲻ⣬ֻҪºϢδܲõ
ôһ˵˷С
Ҳֻһ취ˣܲӹһ٣Ҿɡ˵
ǣ˵Ŀ־ۼҶϡ
ҶȴҡҡͷֻѾˡ
ºƬ̣¡һɽȿ
ŤͷȥֻɽȿڵǿѾ飬ʯɽм˻æֵ
ûЩʯɢһֻһӴĳԾɽ֮С
ȻֻǳʵһʥޡɽȺ˶ԴȻһתֻȭͷһ޴ĳ۾˲ɽʿ
˫ŭ۾ע֮£ʿң˵ɾ١
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мʿǻæֵɾǻǸоĤʹѪڣǰҲǲͣ
Ƭ̺󣬽ͣţЩȺˮһӿɽȡ
һĻ˶ҲûˣǶԭأƽ
ȻʿǾ֮ʣһӰԾ̤Զĳɱȥ
ȻҶ죬Ǳɫ
;ҶȻн𽣸߾ٹͷ۵Ľâɲ֮ʮ׳ĽɫâһʵʵĽɫ޽
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⣬ޱȿֲ¶ͼɫ
쾳ǿߣ쾳ǿߣӲ˸Ȼϲõ⣬ϣ⡣
ӵĺԭʿǶʱ쾳ǿߣǾζдϣˡ
ҸϽܵɽµĽΧΣҪĻһҪסһߣߴ


423 Σ
ʿæɽµһﱼȥΧһΣؾкʿΧЩؾǰʿΧڽؾǰʿȻõƹЩ˷˳Ⱥ
ǰַ״ĵζʿ˵൱ģҲѾΨһһ·ܲӹһ٣ҲͿֵ֧ܲҶ콫˵һˡ
ҶǱҲû˿ͣ٣ɫ޽һ㷢ƣ޴ĽȻ㵹չһһƬν俪ٵ֮ǰĳͷȥ
ȻԴԵͷµľ޽¶һ˿֮ɫ
𽣿ҪϮͷ֮ʣһ³һҽһŨޱȵĳɫĳ֣ɽ¶Ȼ
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ס󣬽𽣾һ㣬ƱѸֹ
ţѸӣܿ죬޽ȼһ޽
һѱԷ£ҶҲû˷ԪϽн˻
Ҷк󣬳һţҲջؿСţһţԾŰеҶȥ
ҶֳſԪܣķ¾һƬԾɱ㿪˳צϮ
ھʮԶİסƺҶѸ̧Ԫ׼ָס
˸գغŭһҶ˳ȥ
ڳԶԾ֮ʣҶĵָҲѾ׼ɡ
£һҶָⵯߴڵգƾ˵سǰĳȥ
ڰ޷ֻٴ³ų棬ǰɶ״ԵֵߵĹơ
߻ҹգϳһ⣬Ȼײϡ
䣡
ϱըһ󶴣߼â˷䣬Щܵײĳֱӱ߶
ܲδܽߵĹȫ赲âϵĿ׶ײڳԴ
﷢һҽУӿ׹䡣
ҶΪ̤쾳ⵯָ׵ȻҲȣֹǿޣֱָܵ׵ĹǿԽС
εָ׵Ĵ󲿷ѱֵܵԳδܵʵԵ˺ЩâҲֻľƬ̡
غ󣬳Ϊӷ˼ָ״ֻ̬һСָ̬ܿ
ʱҶѾʮ֮⣬ֹǿޣɲöԷ
תҶ죬죬䷢һͺѾŭ˼㡣
ŭƬ̣Ȼſг˸׼ʩչԶ̹ˡ
ƣҶԪеķʱ׼
Ƭ̺һһĳɫӳб
Ƽ죬һ㣬ųβ棬Ҷȥ
ҺҶ׼ûȻϮ
Ȼǣǳ۾һ㣬һתϮ
Ȼһܳݵġ
ۿŻѴӱϮҶæתн𽣣עԪѸŻȥ
ᣡ
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һεǶ޿ɶˣȻҶԪܡ
أ
䣬ҶԪܾӲը飬ҺЩɢû
ʧȥϺҶȻЩңæеķԾʮ׸߿ա
ڿվƺһٵͷϵĳȥĶʱǼһﾹȻֳſͣг˸Ȼ׼ʼʩ
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Ƭ̵ĴϢڶԪѻָƽҶϽٽԪܳ
ڸ߿ռľԪԳԪܺɽȥ׸ߴͣ
һɽ½µսҲͬļңʿҧأͣеءǰѾ˺һǵʬ壬ͺ֮ǰڹȿʱһЩʬĶѻ˵ǼΪģҲ޿ɱ¡
ΨһҪľǼ֣һеؼȥǶϣҶϣֻҪҶֻܽܣȷе˵ܼʱֻܣҲͱסˡ
ΧǽڵЩؾǰʿƺѾǰĴǶǾ۾ع۲ſҶͳ֮ļս
ǸսһȻеӰЩͿѧѧԱĽͳݡ쾳ǿߣķҲһܶĿ꣬ǰͺ൱꾹ȻѾվǵĿϣ˵һִͬʱҲһֱ޲ߡ
䣡
һ򱻵ָ׻ҶЩջһʼһﳢ˵ͷһͲ䷳ʩչ򹥻ҶҲֻεʩչָ׵ֵ
ָǼΪķԪĴʽǳټʩչ򹥻Ҷ컹Ĳ
ȻĻ򹥻Ҳڴʽ˵ͬҲʮֺķһ޹ıԣҶ˳ȥ
˻򹥻Ҷ˿µ׷ƳһۣǱߵѾ൱Ͼٲ콫ֻЩʿǺܿȫûˡ
ǣǰֻôҲһֻһʥޣۺʵԼ൱ƾе״£ҪʱڽУƺҲ̫ܡ
㼬ֵ״Ҷнȴ޿κΡ
Ҷ󷽳ˣȻû취ڶʱڻǰֻǾͱ취ӪЩΣڵϦʿǡ
ҪȥӪЩʿҲ£ԴԴϵӿɽȣǽһֳα겻α
һ˼ҶֳȿɨһۣǹʼʩþҷɽڣѱٴλʯԼĿǰԪ״ܹʩչԾʮ׸߿лʯʱҲѾȥԸǰֻˡ
ǭ¿֮ʣҶȻЩģĿǰ֪Щĵûйܵóһ
ڸοЩģȻǰľˡ
룬ڶ㿪ϮϽ˫ֺʮǰĽľ
ҶϣԪ״̬аľܹЩת״̬аľǴ˷ıܶݳŷԿ³
ľУһɫķҶ³ʥɽлص


424 
Щ·ЩȺжƺٻ˼֣ʿĪоһܣƺҲڽָš
ЩҶ³ķҶӻתʱѾ˵ҶǰצݺݵЩȥ
ᣡ
צصײһϣܵצײǵȻҫ۵ĽâͬʱĶǹâһȻЩĵͨģһܵϮʱϵתƵϣȫֵ
Ĺȫϵҫ۽âֽȥҲͬʱָ
һĻٿ
ܿ죬ľһѾ꣬зĶݳҶۡ
㿪ƺҶǰĳһָȣȥ
Щû˿Ӧ
ҶһգܿʶЩĵжҪаľɣæķתͬʱٴָȵȥ
ȻЩķһһһǰĳϮȥ
ԭҶΪЩܶԳЧɽϣЩϮǰ󣬲δײǽһȦȦزзΧһ޴ΣʵʵС
͵ײȥͺ֮ǰһܵײķҫ۵Ľâ֮һĹƾͱɵ
û٣ͣצķ𹥻
ԭҶ컹Ϊ޵еķǳ˼κȻĵĽâڽȥԿĵķ޶ȵģֵܵסôιѾҪԪˡ
ι޹һţȻ׼ʩչ򹥻ˡ
ҶһЩĻᱻԷĻݻ٣ϾЩĿľһĿǰ˵ǼΪصı
ϸһ룬ЩɹƳģô׾ͱٵĻδҲ̫˵㣬뵽㣬ҶðһԣЩܷסĻ򹥻
ûãѾ۳Σɵؽ¶
ڿзƬ̣Ȼײǰһϡ
䣡
ܵײҲǵܵ湥ķޱҫ۵Ľâ˲޹⣬ҲԿ̶ܴϳԽ֮ǰЩͨ
ĶƴãϵĽ⼱簵ȥҲѸС
Ƭ֮󣬻ĴҲľ
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ȻҶ쾪ǣЩĻع󣬾Ȼľ˾ԭķҲָʡ
ҶһԾܿ׹ȻǴ̾ͰľĲ׹ԪصģôЩָҲͲΪˡ
ֻЩĵθʵ̫󣬶̶Ƭ֮䣬ʳҶִĴ뾫
ѾԱָҶҲܲô࣬Ͻаľٴνзٻ˳
ȻЩĲ߱ЧҶҲûȥԸֻаľķʹ·Щʿȥ
зЩʿǰڳһǽʿǵס˳ȺĹơ
ЩͨǵĹͳĹȫһΣЩȫ֧һӡ
ʿԭڴΣ֮ҶЩĶ˵ɾѩ̿һǸмسҶ쿴ȥ
Ҷ˵ǰҲΪȣ֮ǰЩڴ뾫ڵľѾʣ࣬ЩǵҪӦԪϵĶأҪӦķСԱ뾡취ָֻǾǰĳҪȻЩĺľٶȻعʱɾͲˡ
ҪָǾͱпϾʱ䣬ǰƺ̫ܣһúǾ취ǰֻ
ڸʩչʲôʽԸѲļһҲǸֵÿ⡣
ԭҶ˵ǿʽʽȭֻʽȭҪϳʱ䣬ټ죬Զ̹ûʱ׼ʽ
ȭһָҲнӡʱϵȱݣڽӡĹҪָķҲû취ͬʱеķĹ
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ҪܿʽЧİ취ٶϳԽһ㱼նʵ֣ԱնĳٶȣԸڳʩչǰС
һ뵽㣬Ҷ㲻ԥܿһ˻ϽбķԪעĽС
ԭ׾һ׼ǿĹΣҶڵϵŨĿǰٷ֮ʮҲֻܷӳ׾һСҪȻϹܻȲȭͨ
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ڳǰԶʱҶĿһѸٽѾϵıնʩչ
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أ
£â䣬ͬʱһƬѪԳͷϽЩѪҲ֮ǰֻѪһޱȣѪ֮һư
໣
ҽУԾյӰȻڵϣ·ֻùĳǶʱѹࡣ
һĻԶЩʿǶǼѡ
Сֵܵʤ൱󰡡ϲ˵
ǰķԭһɽ˲Сͷ
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ʵҲϣҶǰٷ֮ʮϵûϵĸʩչıնһ쾳ʽϡ
׹䵽󣬳ܿվ˦˦ЩѣԴҲһ
ҶŵǵǱ׵Ļǳ¾ûô״ӵˡ
ųûҶѸעԪ׼ʤ׷ϣĳǾȻȫܲسȻڱ
ͷٳƳһۣҶϷǰʱѸʩչķԾʮߵ±ϣ˿ͻʯ£ȻϽϥ̾
Ҷ⳷֮ʿǸе
Сֵôʤ׷أ
СֵܵʵЩ˽Ӧȫ谭
ǰôõĻʵ̫ϧˡ
Ҷ˵ΪҪĻǻָΪȾĵһ̶Ⱥ󣬱޷סԪϵĶأʱ൱Σ


425 
Ҷ²ãľͻȻ𣬡ǿ쿴ֻȼˡ
˷׷׾ĿȥֻȫƤëϾǷһƺ棬Ͽȥȫȼһ㡣
òǽ״̬˰ɣ˾ɵ
ͨĳǶӵпӦҲûпǡ
û߱ȼʱڽһ񻯵ı״̬ص˵
ߣӦúͿưɣ
ߺͿһȼʵΨһͬǣ񻯵ʶģȷԼҪʲôߵȫûʶģǼ˭ɱֵҡԣӵбǲʺġϸؽ͵
쿴ЩȺʼˡ
Ƕ֪ԼҪ뱩״̬ˣԲг롣˵
ô˵뱩״̬ҲܻܿΪĹĿˣԵЩš
ȷʵˣȳȺ˳ɽȺ󣬳ֻǺλСֵ֮ѡ񹥻Ŀꡣӻش
϶ʱ¶֮ɫߺʵһأʱǰķֵ֪ܲܵס
֮£˵Ŀⶼ±ϷҶ쿴ȥ
ҶȻţʵҲѾ·ɢĿϢ¾ûлָӯóס
ҶŲʿҲ͸ļˡٿǰĳϵѾ쳣ʢ£죬ĿɢƸ쳣ˣ·Ѵһʥ޽׳˶ʥһ㡣
Ƭ֮󣬳ƺѾȫ˱״̬һţһ춯صŭǵķҲҲº󣬷ϵĽǰЩ룬ûķЩؾǰʿֱӱ顣
󣬳ŭȼյ۾ϵҶ쿴˿ֽĿŲʿߡ
ͶĿ⣬ʿͷһʶسſ
ǵڷˣһתֱ߼ǰѸ͵ĳֱ˵ǣǰķķܷܵסγ
ĳգ֮Ϯǰ˶۾סŵؿǰӭֻȼĿ񱩾ޡ
أ
͵ײ˷ķϣʱ֮䣬ҡҷҵײһޱǿس徢ЩؾǰʿǱɳ徢ñ
ЩϵĽһ˲䰵ȥᡱһɢ
Ȼҵķ£ҲӲ󵯷ʮԶ
ܳιƱֵʿȴû˿֮ɫΪǰķķѾǳٴγĻҲֻ·һˡ
ЩɢķֶݻصҶڣԭѾҪָӯľֱһС룬£Ѿûʱټָˡ
һ˫˫ֵĿ£סƺٴʿǳȥ
Ϊɵʱ򣬿ҫ۵Ľâ̧ͷȥȻϿǱϤĽɫ޽۶¶ּɫ
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ϷͷϮµľ޽һţȻһŻž޽ӭȥ
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ܵϮ޽ϵĽâ絭ȴϮǰʱѾľ
ҶѸУȻص˵ϣ£ȺѾ룬Ȼòڿ˷Ԫ;ˡ
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£ɫҶָⱩӭĳȥ
ھٶֿ죬Դ߻˸š
أ
ڳԴϱѿϵĻ汻ըһ󶯵Ҳ֮˼֣ƺδܵʵԵ˺ֻǱըĳס
Ҷüͷ΢΢ȻϵЩֵ󲿷ֵĹԪ״̬Ҫ˺ƺ̫ܡ
뾡취ɢЩ档ҶаµΪڵԪѾĴ룬ҲڸղűЩĸ˽롣ټϳٶȺ͹һأҪ㿪ĹҲ൱ѣȥ²ȳı״̬ԼȺĽˡ
ڸλɢϵķҶ뵽ıָ
ʩչָľָȻ߱ȴһУĹҪôûЧһЧǱǻԵġ
ַָ߽ƺЧһμСʱ򣬾ʩչָСϵķϴũؾҲʩչָֻ߽Ž޵ķξҪɢǰֻϵĻӦҲ⡣
ȻҶţָһܻɢϵĻ棬ǰǣȡʱʩչָ
ԳĿǰٶȺ͹ƺ޷ʱ䡣
Ƭ˼Ҷ˶ԲߣֻҪЩĺԪӦȡ㹻ʱ䡣
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зպܴ󣬵ҶѾûʱԥ˵ѾĿǰΨһеİ취ˡ
ݳɣڶ㿪һιҶʩչľзٻ˳ʩչײܵԶһ䡣
סƺѸָ̧
Ҳ߶ʮһֱӳҶ˳ȥ
أ
ӴȻײڷķϣĽâţѸٵųĳ
ϴһܵҵķӲ󵹷ʮס
ηķûб˳һγײЩĻɢŵĽ⣬Ȼȸս״̬ʱ˲١
״̬µĳѾûνη壬ӺֺɵļҶȥ
ܿ죬ӱٴײ˷ķϡ
أķɢ˳ײҶԪϡ
ǡᡱһԪ͵һȫס˳ĳ
ӰһαɣǸأŭһҪسҶȥ
ԶЩʿļ٣ΪεײԽҶʣµԪٿ˫ʮָָâ֯Ȼ׼ʲôʽ
ٲֿɾˡۿųҪҶǰ󺺼ú޲ÿ󸫳ȥס
ʿҲᵽɤۣ۾ɵùԲһգգضԶǸꡣ
أ
ҶǰǲԪɢͷ͵һǺҶ쵹ˣһĿͻǡ
ҵǣԪɢɲǣҶʮָĶͣѸ˿һ˺󷽵±ϣͬʱ̧ųĶͷָȥ
ҫͼҶָſǵâûüԴԸײͼϡ
ͼѸչ̼ס˳ȫǰƱӲֹסţЩҵҡҷͼڿ⣬Ҳһ
ЩƬ̺󣬡һ˲Ϩ𣬳Ŀ״̬ˡ


426 
϶ҶϽµ룬롣
Żɢ¶ƣ֮ɫӲͣţдŴ˫ŭĿҶ죬ȴǾþûҷ𹥻
Ҷ״̬ȻҲ̫룬ѾΣԵԪҲʣ޼
˼ҶѸȡ˽𽣣뾡ͶԷ˶ϣҪȻԪϵĶؿɾҪʼɢˡ
Ҷȡ΢΢һԵüΪ衣
û˿ԥҶ콫ʣµԪȫע֮УȻȥ
ȻҶǣ𹥻֮ʱȻβͻȿڷӴܶȥ
ˣǼһﾹȻˣ˷ܵؽк
ܿ죬ǺԶȥȺƺѾˡ
ʿŴһ
Ҷæ𽣣ϥдָ̾
ȺϮɽһƬǼŨѪζЩҲѱʿǶ˺ۣǱסС
£ƬɽѾ˾Ҳû𣬶Ƿ׷ϥ»ָǱ뾡ָ״̬Ȼ뿪
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Ҷֵܣû뵽㾹Ȼ쾳ǿߡ·ϣ̲ס̾ⷬѾ䷳˵˺üˡ
ҶֵܣòǴ˵еɣ컳ɵʵ
ǺǣҪʣ类ĳЩȦˡҶ쿪Ц˵
ֽŵҶֵܣʿɱЩ廹Ҫ졣
ǰҶֵٶѾҪϳЩˡ
쾳ΪЩ֮ҶֵѾһĵ۹ĵһˡ
ɲҶֵܵʣٹʮʮܴ꣬ﵽ쾳۷Ϊνǰ;
Щ֪һŴڣǵ£㡣

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պͼŮǺܰţǵڻ޷ţһ˾Ȼһλ쾳ǿߡ֪Լ֮Ĳֱر
ߴһ˺ܿ˸һɽȣɽȱԭɽҪСֻ֧࣬Ŷӣ˵ĵʱɽȱӵ
ЩѪļһôҹƺƵسɽɽЩʿһֱ֪Եɺǲ˿
ɽϢһϣڶ峿ʱ֣½ȥҶյԭȵ·ǰ·ϵԱ࣬յ˶Ҷʮ־нΨԾɺҶ카˵Ц
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һ߳ɽȣҶһС£ȡͼһԶһ߶յͼϵ·ߡ
ȷ·ߺϥ£̾
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Ϊ˽ɢɽ̽ɨȥǣɽ쳣һֲͨ̽׷ŵִͨľͷ
ȻǣͨľͷȻˣǸΪŮˡ
Ҷͷһϸ۲죬Ůϥ״̬ƺЩ̫
ȻΪǾֻֿܣһһⷽΪΪҪԶʤҡҶ˼š
Ƭ̵ãǾðսȥһ̽
ҶӴȡǿŶݵԱݣжݵͱײϣΣգҪûʲôġ
׼ɽȥ
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׵·˺üӣʱҶŮӾֻʣʮ׵ľ룬ͨǰһ䣬սǴͶֻҪչǵҲͿԿͨͷǸСɽˡ
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ţûԥת󲽳ɽŮǰֱץ
ôһ飬ҶһŮھȻʮּΪǿľ綾ҴʱЩ綾ڷҴܣŮӵɫʱʱϣԵ쳣졣
ŮôͬʱôĶأҶΪ졣
ŮӴʱ״Ѿ൱⣬ЩĴҴܵľ綾ʱܻݻľ
룬ҶϽ⿪Ůӵѣ˲佫˸⣬Ҳû˼ϵѸȡ룬̼ǼҪѨλϣЩ綾ѹס
Ҷ𾪵ǣЩƺѹסЩ綾ھ綾ҳ£ŮϵЩ뾹Ȼȫ
֮࣬ϽһöŮڣȻöսŮӾͱЩ綾֧顣
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£Ůڻ״̬û취
취ŪѡҶţѸȡһƿ񵤣ֱŮӿС
¶û˿Ч
ж̫أʶѾ˾ݵúˡ
Ƭ˼ȡһƿⶾοƿǿŮͣһƿⶾһԵĵŮУȻŮ۲ڵ
Ƶǣһƿⶾʯһ㣬̼ͱЩ񱩵Ķظݻˡ
ٿŮӵ״̬ȫܵЩ綾ҳѾټȥܾȻһΪҲø֮


427 
ȵƣҶҲܲô࣬ǿŮͣƿҲȫ˽ȥ
һƿ¶ӣŮüͷ΢΢˷Ӧ
Ƭ̺Ů۾
ι㣬ڵ⣬ǧóţϰҶ˵
ȻŮﴭŴȴŭ⣬˵һذ֡
ȻӶذҪҶȥ֮ʱͻȻǡۡһŻһںѪЩѪڵϣǷС죬ͬʱһŰЩɢȥ֮ʱӲʯ澹ȻʴһӶ
ЩɶΪ˾㣬㲻лҵҲˣȻɱң˵𣿡ҶĨź˵
ͻƵĹؼʱ̴䵽ز𣿡Ůҧݺݵ˵ܺҶȴëȻΪгŭǷĵķŭ
ͻƣʲôͻƣо綾ҪҺĺ⻨˴ĵҩѣ㻹۾˵𣿡ҶƵ˵
ҶⷬŮƺԵøˣҧгݵɶĻ쵰һָҲƤĽѪ⣬Ĺͷ
Ҷȫһ£㳤ôƯƯģĳôôأҺľ㣬㲻ҲͰˣȻҪҵƤҵĽҵѪҵ⣬ҵĹͷô𱨵𣿡
ŮӴŴû˵ֻ˫˵Ҷ졣
Ҷ챻񿴵ñ˿ĭѵȰñٴ̼ˣܲģҪôŻңû׼ҾͻɱԾ󻼵ġ
ֻҪҲվŮ˵
Ҷѹˣ㾹Ȼô˵ҶĨĨڰֵ˰ˣ˭ĳ̫ãȻ˵Ҫɱңһ²ɱ㡣ڵĶ˵ɡ
ʵƵĲҶ죬ŮӣѡֵطͻҲȲѣټ֮ǰսˣڳ˯״̬Ҳֻ޷½ͻơ
ԭͻƲҪܳʱ䣬ϣͻƵĹؼʱ̣һͻȻ˽ܵŮԪһңԭԸͻƵЩ綾ȻɣǾͳǰ״
Ȳ˵ЩͻƵľ綾ףھ綾ѾݲڵľΪǶñסˡ
ޣǰһ޲ýʬΣйͷ֮ޡ
ҶҪŮӷȴ˦Ŀ
ң쵰ҲŹġŮӷŭ
ƾôұôңӦȹԹңڵĶˣȻұ𣬲𣿡ҶȰο
ƾ㣬ڵĶ𣿡Ůĵʵ
һô֪˵ҽûյ̣˵κ㣬κ㡣Ҷ˵
ߣҪΪˣҵĶɲͨСε˵ġŮЩԹƺԼ״Ѿˡ
㣬ô˵ɾ̫иˣҿǵصʿ˵ͨССҶæ˵
ŮŷӦǶھصΧ򣬵߽װ˽ޣͨ˿ǾԽġǰȻΪܹһߵ˵أҲеؾڵΪôеؾΪ⵹ŮЩĿ࿴
ƾ̶ֳȵΪҽٸҲȲңϽҹһ뵽ԼŮӾһǿҶ춼ŭա
һô֪ҪǲΪ˵ĻͱٷϻˣԹ԰ԪջɡҶѵ
ŮȻԸǰ쵰İµ״̬ѾԼһܴˣǵЩҶķԸԪջ
ҶҲٷϻ̧֮һö롣
Ҷö룬Ů۾һɣ¶֮ɫԪ쾳Ϊ˼ؿҶ죬˷Ŷʮ꣬쾳ΪĻʵ̫˼ˡ
ҶüͷһȻ˵쾳ΪҾͲ𣿡
ôܣѵӵŮ־ɵʵ
ѵǵӵӵ쾳Ϊ𣿡ҶƵ
ûܻ㾪˵ٶȣûĪҲǺŮӼɡ
˵ҲǡѵǺҶһ
ûǺľϵŮҲʵ˵
ľϵѹľܳܵסЩ綾ĳŮӵĻشҶһ̾૵ԭһҲ
ô˵ȷʵҲǺˣŮʵ
Ȼ㶼ʵ˵ˣҲûʲôģûǺϵҶش
ŮӳԾһӣȻ˵һ֮˵ٺкãҽκƣҲŹģȻͻƣңΪһָͱˡ
ҶĨ˰Ѻ˵Ů˻湻޴ģңӦ˵ЩûǣѵͲ°ˣû˾𣿡
ߣҪ͹ҲŲϡİŮӺ޺޵ƲԴ
㳤ôƯ˵ڹ֮ǰǲҪһأҶĿŮɨȥﻹЩ
ֻҪԡŮӳ˵
òôвҰɣѹ㣬ҺܲŵģҪһû׼ͰǸˡҶ컵Ц
޳ܵĻ쵰ңŲҸͬھŮӺݺ˵
㣬嶯ֻǸ㿪ЦѣҪǵʱˣһûǿˡҶѵ
ŮҧҶ졣
˺ˣȻ㳤òҿ˾ӣҲ֮ΣģǰĹĵģԽԽ۲Ӧòָ𣿡Ҷ컵Цʵ
ңŮӺݺݺȵ
ʵһҡ˵ţջ룬˫Ůǰ¶֮ɫ
쵰ÿŮŭַһߡ
㿴ɣҳˬҲˬǻӯĹϵҶаЦ
㣬쵰ңҲŹģҪҪǧУ㣬ʬΣŮһߴŴһµ
ôšҶ첻ΪȻ˼Ѻδջ֣ˣˬҲˬˣھɡ
˵ţٽ룬ֱӴŮڡ
ΣŮӽδ֮ǰǰ㱻˲ݻ٣Ϊ֮ǰҪܵŮԪĳŻɢŮѽԪջЩȻԻ롣
ţҶ̽ץŮӵ󣬵ԪעڣͬʱתŮϵļö룬ķעԪ
ǽԾǣЩԶԶҪԪ뾹ȻԶԿЩء
ԪҵԪҶŮӷԸ
ŮϵصԪҶԪսԪĴ£ŮӾЩӢ·սرƵˣǵ·ѾЩסЩرı˳ȥ
һСξսͳãʱŮȫܶϮ൱ġ


428 ɽ
Ҷ۾زٿ붾طսŮӵĿⲻ֪ʱ䵽ϡ
ģ൱ˣŮӲ㱻סˡ
ʲôأϽԪҶѵ
ŮӻȻعæŲĿ⡣
Ҳ֪˶ãսѾβŮڵĶҲ˴룬ֻʣһСȻ֮
ҶûмŮһЩأΪŮӾɵٶеǣǰЩ˶صľѾ޸ơŮӰʣµĶظˣΪ˲ָʱԼٶҲˡ
ǵЩҶֱչŮջأȻ˵治ľϵ޸ٶȿɲһľˣˣʣµĶԸɣҿɵˡ
һΪ㲻أԭҲֻǸСˡŮߵ
һôᣬôӵȥǻҪҾôˣôԵأôԵأҶһ˵
ߣͻܶ;ܳɣһָΪھ͵ˡŮĿгɱ⡣
ģϾͻ㵽һҲĵطȻʮ꣬ΪʱٳҶ˵
Ƕ㵽ĺҲ㾾ġŮᶨ
ǾͿûⱾˣˣˡ˵ţҶɽڱȥܵսǴʱͷ٩ˣ㣬ǰͷеԣٺ٣
˵תһ̵ˣŮںƿڴ
һɽȴ澹ȻѾ
û뵽֪͹һˡҶţµĲû˿ͣͣɽͣرɽȣŵͼϵ·߼ǰ
ΪŮ׷ǰٶޣһ·϶ûʥޡ
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ҶĥŸôʵȥʱ׻𣬡СӣǲѾִ˵׽ɽˣ׻ȻѾϷϵԵüΪ˷ܡ
оͦҾ׽ɽɽ£ֻɽǧ֮ߣҪʵȥɲסҶ˵
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Ҳȥɲǵ磬֮ǰҷɵʮ׸ߵʱѾ൱ϡˣ˵Ƿɵǧ׸ߵɽˡҶƵ
Ըȥˣɽٽб𡣡׻ûûε˵
ҶҲԸԴ۲ǰɽ¡
۲Ƭ̺ɽһȦֻصԭ㣬ź༸¶ȶ൱ͣҲֻǰܹǿʵǡ
ˣԵ콫Ҳȿ־ǣշзΪԶԣܡգСүͻȥˡ
˵ţҶ콫۵첲ϣĭƣ׼
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ӴﵽߵʱָϽķۼٴνԾ
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ս·ãֲʲôȡһƴƬȻһ鴫磬ʱ˸΢⡣
ŮעԪţܿ죬һŮ𣬡Ы㣬ʲôʱأ
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£˵˵ɡԱ˵
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ͿЩ̼ҼӶĺܣȷʵһͷ̾Ϣ
óʱǵĸ̸߲һԻ˵
ȥ̽һ̽ٸʵ°ɡԱ˵
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ˣǰǼ°ˣԱʵ
ңҲ㱨£λǰȥٳŮӵֵܻرŮһֻܹʳޡ
ʳ˶һ󾪲
ִӴȡһ֧Ա
Աӹ˿һСزĵϷмۡ
ǼԱüͷ𣬡֪ʲô𣿡ʵ
ش˵һֻë󣬸ͷûͨ󡣡
еȱҪҧеȱҲǾŽޣŽƺû㳤ޡ˵
ѲĳϡޣʥޣԻ²
Ҳ˵硡
ˣȻԷ޻¾ʱһɡԱҲû̫ܸ࣬ɴ׿˴£ȻλʵŹ£Ǳʲô𣿡
˲פڳǶϲҪ׼ˡ˵
ߣǷδҲ̫÷ˡһӷ߷˵
ȻȷֵģôҲλڶϽ紦ǲǴк׼ɣֱǲǵ£磬ҿֱ˹ȥˡԻҲǷȻ
Ա룬˵²չز໹һ¾ͽˣʱɡ
ȻԱô˵ˣҲ˵ʲô


429 
ţŹ˵ƺĴλһǹ䣬ҲѾ²⵽ǿܻǿս
˵λһǹѾܾûٺ»ˣĳֻʥ޵ĶˡԻЦ
ҲЦ
Ц£Ա򻨷߷ԸŹ£ʱ̼ŷһһʲôĶ͸Ͻһ㱨
ǣŹ´Ӧ

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ͷϷ𣬴׳׵ɽϣɽΪ֮һ
ʱҶѾ˰ɽ䣬ܹоɽ嶼Щڵϡϵ൱Ծ
һ͹ľҺҶھϥ£дָ̾
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ôߣֻǵҲɽҶĨ˰Ѻֹ
̾˿ּһһӡɽȥ
üɽΪγ֮Ϊü޶ۡ
ۣ֮ɽˮ֮üüߣҲˮ
üɽʷƾãü֣ǡֵر˶üɽΰ컶˵ص㣬Сü㡱֮ơ
Ƭɽˮ֮أ̾һϵɣüɡ
ü֡䵱Ĵɡüɽ˸աڶüɵԴжִ˵йΪ֪ǡ忪üɡ򡰵ÿüɡ
üԴԶǾʦ̫䲢ǶüΪ֮ˣüʦ棬Ȼλ쾳ΪƽʱǺģһֱڱչ״̬ǵһֱչرյҵΪֹ
üҲһΪÿڣǹ֮ݷõģŵӵ
ʱõһ᷿Сڴ̨ǰİ塣
СʦûмԼĸʦ˵ԼĸѾ뿪ĸΨһʦƾҵʦϣȥѰΪʦʱ˶ǱġңΪĸŮŻɹ¶
ɾˣǻǴûԹ޹Լĸ׼Ȼ壬ҲϣȥѰԼҲҲĸ֮ǰԸˡ
ֻǣ˺ããƾһҵõԼأÿÿ뵽һ㣬Ǳ̲ס̾Ϣ
ߵߵߵ

ǸϽһزϣ·ͬʱӦ˭
ʦ㣬ҡŮӵĻش
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վŵǶҦȻ䷢Ϊᣬ
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Ŷûû¡֧֧˵ţæϡ
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ϴҵʱ˲£ӦѾԭ˰ɡЩź˵
һʱЩǣԭôأ
ΪԯҽɵĴˣԯҽֱԭΪаɣ⵽𡣡ǽ͵
Ȼһ˼ӡ
ԹԵ˵ʵ˳Щ컬֮⣬滹ͦõģҲͦеģϴִϣðΣվĴɣҿɲʲôа
ǰǸĺˣһкñġ˵
ʦã֪ʦʲô𣿡ʵ
֪ءش
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ţ
˼ӿŲǰȥ
б
ھء
ĺɫѪߵգʱԲâ䣬ǿңֲۣƻãòʵ
ֹһ˿Ƭɽ֮УȺɽһɫɴ¡
׸ߵ±ϣƬϼûɽ룬ɽӳϦĹԣۼɾ֮С
Ƭ̺Ҷ̧ͷɽϷɽٶ׵ľ룬֮ǰɽˡ
ҸطҹҪȻ˾鷳ˡҶ˵ţͬʱɢ
һ̽ܿϷһ¶¶Լʮ绨ƿСڿռȴ൱
ɽɨһ飬ΣյӣҶϽ¶ȥ
ţŶ֮ɽڡ
ɽڵֱףﾹеֽǧ׸ߵĵطڣ൱ˡ
Ϊһ̽Ҷ첽ɽС
ɽĿռһΪǳϦķԴʱɽͮͮģʮ
һɽҶһŨ
ɽһȦĿ䶨ɽһ
źһѸɲݣզһ޴񳲣ԾǣﾹȻһһ
Ѳ޵Ҷ۾һ첽˹ȥ
ǰӣ۲
ϸԷ֣ŵĵʱһ˿˿ϸ΢ɫâ𣬶ŵҲ̺һɻ
Īϵ޵ĵҶԵЩ˵ţֻȥ
ָǵɲǣһ˿âָϴȻŵ˿âʮ΢̺ȴ쳣ǿȻҶӵϵ̶ֳȵȻΪ壬ǻ˵ĻһǶǳԿͷ
Сһͦ׵ҶЦŵԪע֮С
Ԫ˲ƺϲõӣΪҶԪ̺ϵϵ޵ɳҪġ
Ƭ̺ҶֹͣעԪϵĵâҲûٶҶ췢𹥻ȻСһҶֵ˺ôͺ׽ˡ
Ҷ˾ɾðǹƭСӣַԸЩû޵൱Чġ
Ƭ̺ҶʵСһ㵽ʲôأôôߵĿУѲһ񵰣ɽԣǺʺɳġ
˵ţҶջְ˼ŵϵǿԲͨޣܿϵʥޣԼӵϵҪӦò⣬ҪɴͰߵˡ


430 ӥ
ϸһ룬־òףĸ׿϶ڸԼϣɾ
뵽֮ǰɳ󳱺ͳȺѣΪģֵΣΪǲҪΪá
ҪˣŵĸӦúܿͻسþ뿪УñᡣҶ˵ţȥ
ȻߵڣϿձӡһ̧ͷȥֻһֻչʮ׵ľӥڿţвͣţԵüΪŭ
ֻӥĳΪɫͷβȴΪɫҶһ۱ϳֻޣϵӥȻҲǿĸס
־̸еĽܣϵӥԶʱھ൱ϡ٣Ϊϵޣһ㶼Ʋ֮׵ܼ
ϵӥڳɳޣշϵӥӵ߽ʵ᲻ϵĳɳҳɳٶҪһ޿ࡣ
ʱҶǰֻϵӥֻǶʥޣҶ˵Ѿ൱ΣյĶˡ
ϵӥڿȦ󣬻ȻƣҶ츩ȥȻҶ쵱͵
ϵӥҶϽӻضͱɲҸֻļһ෴ģ˶֮ϵӥķҲ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
ϵӥܿ嵽˶ڣΪĵҲ˲˶еƣڵȥ
ϵӥ׷ҶϽЦ͵㣬ǧˣҲ͵ĵģֻ·ѡ
ϵӥȻҶĻضҶ죬ΪҶʱλǿԱߣûֱҶ췢𹥻ֻǽŭضҶ죬ʽͺñǷŭĴ
ԷŭδӣҶпЦβԼ͵ƺҲϴˡ
ϵӥûʲôģҶƬ̺㿪ʼҲϵҲԵЩ궯
Ҿ㣬ҪǸҶֵĻҿɾͲˡûãҶ컹
ϵӥȻûҶĻҶ컰֮ʣһţһɫâ¶Ϊâٶֿ죬Ҷ޷ֻѸٳԪܡ
ᣡ
֮ԪϣϵӥѾڶʥޣͷŵ׵ȻҶķֵܵģһ棬ԪܾͱâֱײҶϡ
񱩵ӿҶľ֮УҶͷһܿ侲ʶԼӵϵϵӥͷŵ׾ڵָףִҲ˵ֻҪ׾ЩܽչΪá
룬ҶϽ׾ЩܿͱҶǵЦٺ٣ûЧϵӥ֣Ƶ
ϵӥǺϣһţһ
Ҷ첻㲻ֱ׺ϣ֮ǰһЩ׽壬׾ܿͽˡ
ʵ̫ˣͣҶɪ
ϵӥɲɵӣһιûЧıԣֱҶ죬ǼҶȥ
ҶѸȡ𽣣עԪϵӥļӭȥ
ϣ
ײϵӥļϾȻײ˸һ㣬ö죬ϵӥȴûһ˿ۼ
ǶʥޣȻͶôӲҶ쾪̾
ϵӥ𽣱˺󣬺ܿٴηƣûüȥҶ졣ڳ嵽ҶǰԶʱһݣֻĸצҶݺݵץȥ
ֻצʰΧ֮ƴлҶϽбײܵԵһ䡣
ϵӥץ˸գ֮ѸתҶȥ
ȻԷ㲻ģҶҲͲٿˣעԪѸһ޽ֱӳӭϵӥͷȥ
ϵӥϵķǺǿȻԴȥ޽Ĺԣھ޽֮ʣͷ³һɫâ
â˲޽ײءһɽҲ
ɻ˾޽Ĺƺ󣬻еâײ˶ʯϣǡ䡱һʯԶ׹
ҶϽֳſԪܡ
ϵӥȫûЩ׹ʯҶȥ
ҶҲֻεܣԭΪɽܹռƣɽǱԷ׷ǱӴܡ
㿪ϵӥĹҶаȥɲǰ취ǲɱֻϵӥǺѰȻ뿪˵ˡΨһĻ·ǻɱֻϵӥΪԼǧ׸ߵ֮ϣ·ˡ
ǣϸ룬Ըֻƴ˰ˡǰֻϵӥʵǿڳһΣҪɱƺ̫ܡ
˼룬ƺҲֻʽȭܽһˣСĿռڣûʱϵӥǿᣬʹϴζԸİ취÷ĺԪչ˫ҲֻܵסԷһʱʩչʽȭ
ţϵӥӭ˹ֻٴʩչײܵԶĽ
ԷһֱأϵӥЩջˣֻȫëһ˿˿ɫâë֮
һĻɽҶ۾ֻϵӥһһɫ׵缲ѹǵ˱ײɽկ汼ײ
ûҶعϵӥѾ嵽ǰǼʸһļ͵Ҷȥ
ᣡ
Ԫܺ˲飬Ҷ쾪ŵҲȻվûܶ㿪ϵӥļϮ
ۣ
ϵӥļ๺ݺݴҶѣ˲
һʹԼͷҶƺһҧӶн𽣣ϵӥĸϮȥ
ϵӥԼ൱ģһҶӽϮϽˡ
ϵӥ룬ҶһѪ˲Ⱦ
ģҺӶÿ죬ҪȻֵһˡҶ˵ţͬʱȡöס˼ϵѪѪֹס
ٿϵӥȻٴγ˹ΣҶϽʩչײ롣
ӵһӷɿת֪ҪٲԲߣǾĵڴˡ
ȻҪºĵĻ취еģźÿһžԱסһֳ˷ѣֱӴȥһû㡣
ʵҶѾӰˣϴεҪٶȴۿۣ˵Īʧ
Ǵνѵ֮ﻹ
ûҶԲߣϵӥѾӭϽ̧ö룬˦ֱϵӥȥ
ϵӥӦѸһΣöȫݻ١
ΣҶҲֻܼ㿪
նϵӥĹҶͻȻһ뵽һΪаİ취
ԴһƳĿ䵽ǿ֮ϣһ˿аЦ


431 
ϵӥٴϽʩչײ嵽ǰ˼Ľ
Сһɵðˣģܿȥġ˵ţҶֱ˦ֽŶȥ
ХŷɳɽҶϣϵӥһʮ𼱵سɽǿ׹׷ȥ
Ҷûţ֪ϵӥܿͻԣͳ϶泯ڷӰȭѸʩչ
Ҷϣֻϵӥܿӿмŭһץɽȥ׼ȥҶˡ
ɽУҶһӰٻζȭǰ漸ʽĶѾ죬漸ҪɬһЩʱ㹻ˣϵӥɻصڵʱʽʮ׼ɡ
ϵӥͷϣɵںҲû߶ʮһצĵֱȥ
ȻճɽһӰӭ
ϵӥһæֻצӰץȥ
ҶΪ̤쾳׳Ϊ˸ߵεԪʽȭȻҲҪȵҶԸ򳤷ʱһΣϵӥצȻ޷ֵġ
أ
Ӱȭͷɻϵӥĸצغĸ
ϵӥһףغǸվһĵڵأ³һϺɫѪһȻˡ
һ˵޵ķȽǵٶȺͷֲЩ㡣
£Ҷֻܴϵӥȫֻǳɺϣһɽ֮УϵӥƶȻ޴ˣϵӥҶļƣΪȥ񵰣ҶȻʱʩչҪʱǿʽ
ϵӥ̱ڵأ˫ŭĿҶ죬ǻѪâʱ£ƺľȥ
ǣվӲˣƤȥ̤š
ϵӥʬ壬Ҷε̾˿ʵҲɱԷΪ棬ѡ
ѳҶƣ̱ڵأͷƼһ󣬸Ͻķˡ
Ϧ£ɽҲϵӥȻһ˿˿ףڵɽһ˿΢Ĺâ
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ָ״̬վϵӥʬ˹ȥ
ϵӥѾ͸ϵȴûɢȥȫ޺С
޺̺ޱǿϵҶȻܹ֪̽ķλȡǱɫذףֱӴϵӥţܿҵǿȭͷС޺ˡ
޺ˣҶܹĸ֪̺ĿֲҪǰǱ׵ǿ
Ҷ޺˹۲ţ׻ͻȻ𣬡СӣŵӦһϵ޺˰ɣ
Ҳܸ֪õҶʵڵ׻ĸ֪ʮ΢ģԪ֮ǿ壬ܹо
Ҳֻ޺˲Żʽˣ޺˵ȽӦò͡׻²
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ϵ޺˵ĵȽףӦƾ׵ˡ׻˵
׵һ֣Ҷ۾һ˼壬⾪׵Ȼ׾һ㾪׾ĳϵǡ
׻Ͻ͵׾ľŲÿ㶼ӦĹ⾪׵ǵһ㾪׾ӦӦѾɱֻϵޣȻҲû취ˡ
飿ʲô˼أҶЩס
Ҳ޵긽ϣ߾ԼʶʩչҲࡣ׻͵
׻ôһ˵Ҷ뵽˺ǧǧöززıϽ䣬еӦö޵꣬Ҳ˵ؾǸ鱦ˡ
ô˵ҪȻҾͲɱˡҶźıԹȻҲֻ˵˵ѣϾʽȭɲҵġ
ڸ˵Ҳ٣Ժϵ޵ʱעˡ׻굹ǲΪȻ˵
ҶĨϵ޿ɲǰèΪ𣿡ֵˣ㻹ȸ˵˵⾪׵Ҫưɡ
ȻǹǵȻùˣһ˵ڹƹУҪʹӦķҲ빦ΪһˣʩչʽʱҲɱ׻͵
ô˵⾪׵ֻʺʩչնˣҶʵ
ȻΪϵߣʩչնҲûʲôģֻ˵ʩչնܷӳ׵׻ش
Ҷ˵ͷȻʣǳ޺֮⣬費Ҫأ
޺ֻںģȻҪĸģܴͬһֻȡģں϶Ӧûߡ׻˵
ҶĿϵӥһɨֻצϣֻצӵķӦһѵˡ
ԭҶ컹ϵӥȫʬ¿ǲòжˡ
ԥҶȡɫذף˦ּ㽫ϵӥֻצӿΪ֮޺ڣʬķͻҲͷ˲Ƿֽʬ塣
жϵӥֻצӺҶ׻˵ڸҲˣһҪôأ
Ϊ޺˵ӲȺܸߣʹԪ޷ΣԵý׻˵
Ѳǵػ֮Ҷ²
ʵĵػȻҲǿԵģãһɱȵػʺϵߵ׻Ź˵
ĪָɽϵҶʵ
ûݱĸ֪Ѿﵽ൱ֲĵز磬ҲЩƾ׵ʺϲˡ׻
Ǿ͵ɽưɡҶ˵ű㽫޺˺ϵӥֻצӸս˴䡣
ٿ˿ǿҶܸоôһ˿Ǹ⣬ԼɱСһĸףҪСһԼΪЩ̡ĸѾˣ˴뿪Ҳͱˡ
ҶǰоҶϢСһ΢΢˶ܻϲӣѾҶ쳹ˡ
ǸļһҶԴԳЦϧظ˸ص˸ϥ£ϡ
Ԫ׻ܿǰ
СϡǲҲûʲôЧҶ˵
ȻҪִɽˣ㻹ǺúϢһɣɽ֮ɾûϢˡ׻ѵ
ϸ룬һҹͣһɽոֺϵӥսһǸúúϢһˡ
ҶӦһݳ˯˴


432 ɲ
˯һֱڶҶ˹˸ٸоٱ
Ѿܾûô˯ˡһ̾Ϣֵͷ˿ϵ
Ϊ޵޷봢䣬ҲֻЯˣֻϣԲ¡˵ļһﻹ治¡
ҶһɨûҵϴѣҲֻܽΨһһ·Ӵ˸ᣬװ·ֽ·˸ᣬʵʵع棬ֻӰڱϣֻϵ˲ϡ
˿ҶŰӣôһԲĹĵĶǵЦ
ҶȴԼ취൱⣬ӴᣬȷûЦ˵ˣСһǳɡ
˵ű㳯ȥ·ϵӥʬʱҶͻȻͣ½Ųϵӥϰһëս˴䡣Сһëĸ׵ҲΨһֻΪĸ׵ϵӥˡ
뿪ɽҶɽ
˺һɽ۵ǰҶ۾һУܿӦǰ
ȥɽͺñһƬĹ㳡ɽûвľֻйͺͺʯҰ൱
Ҷһ۱㿴ɽĴһ޴ĿӶǶ޷ӶĵײԿӶżΪܼĵ绡Щ绡۳һ޴׵̺ĿֲҶ춼оޱѹֺĲ
СӣѾִɽ𣿡׻˷ܵ
ǰǰи޴׵򣬿Ҫ׵ֲˡҶǰǸ׵ش
˵ţȻ¡һͷϿֻһ첲ֵӿûɽĵ׵
׵δ춯صıֻϢУ绡׵ӿһ󡰆ꡱ绡൱׳ۡ
˿ֲҪָΪǴϣˣСӸϽȥɡ׻Ȳشߴٵ
ʲôҵҩ˵Ҷ쵹൱ƽ
˵ţɢɽɨܿǰһҩ
ҩλһҪȥժЩΣգΪλǿ׵һࡣƬɽ״ΪԲΣҶҩλλԲԶĵϣҪͷͷͱ뾭һĵ㡣Ǹĵ㵽׵ľѾΣߵǸλõʱ׵һɢһ˷С
ȻҶӵϵֻҪ׾ܳסһ̶ȵ׵ϮǲҺǿ׵򿿵̫ɽԵȥ
ߵǸ׵λʱԸоһǿӭϮ壬ľ֮УҶϽ׾Щ
ԽǰߣӿԽΪ񣬲Ҷ㻹ܳܵס
ܿ죬߹˽ĵ㣬ȥ
ľԽԽԶҲ
ȲʱҶͣ׾첽ߵҩǰ
ɽźǣҩͲʲôת֥һɲݵϡҩ
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ûãժ˵ɡҶ˵ű̧ɲȥ
Ȼ쵽ɲݸʱɲݵ֦ҶͻȻһһ׵Զ˵һƬҶϼ˲Ҷָ
ǿҶָһ飬ջ֡
٣һﾹȻṥˣˡҶ˴걻ʹָ̾
ʹ˺ٴֿ̽ɲץȥ
һĻǽһֿҪɲݵʱɲݾȻᡱһʯб
ĸ˲γúȣֻС֣иСԴԴϳԲС۾͡
ĳСض㿪Ҷãܳʮ׺ͷҶ쿴˿һֶʯС
һĻҶȻ˵ũؾˮ黨ʱСӱӵĲժǾͺǰһޡ
ҶԾ֮ʣ׻ͻȻ𣺡Сӣνǹʺ
ô˵Ҷ첻
Ҫû´ĻǰӦһݶ԰ɣ׻ʵ
ȷʵһɲݣһнţȥժʱȻӵܡҶ쾪˵
ݳµϵѾΪˡ׻˵
֣ƺĽɫ
ûܹԼ֪ʶܿԪˡ׻϶˵
ô˵һҪɾˣҶ쾪ˮ黨ֻӵ黯ѣԶԶûԪĵز
ô˵
ǲҪץأҶԾԾԵʵ
Ԫ壬վֻһݣûʲôġ
ѲɰˣҶʡ
ȻǣԪ֮ÿΪ׵飬ȻǰҪԸ⡣׻͵
Ҷͷͬ飿⵹Ǹ⣬һȻûֻϵӥʣܱûҪá
׻ȴǿδأȻ˵ϵӥ̶Ϸӳ׵ֻǳȱһζѡĻԸ̶ȵĵؼۺһ㣬ҪϵӥʺΪ顣
׻ôһ˵Ҷʱ˵ҿǼ񵽱ˡϸһ룬ǵҪôԸ׵أ
һ㲻زģҩһԪ壬ԭȵҲͳزԪˣͱѰ壬ʱܻܿŵľ׵׻˵
׻ô˵Ҷ쵹ûʲôòĵˣţ룬ʣƾ׵ʱҲܸŽ𣿡
׻شҪнеģõԪ֮ƾ׵
׻жòԪأҶĵʵһһҲԪ壬Ȼɵȡ
Ҫ˶ˡ׻ҲǺܿ϶ػش
ǾһһߵȰɡ˵ţҶֳɲݿһۣžתǿ׵ȥ
˼ͻȻ뵽ϵܳܲסǿǾͽ·£˾׵ԶλãȻԸ׵򿿽


433 
ھ׵ʮ׵ʱǹǿӿ壬Ҷ׾Ųǰÿһǿȱһء
߳ʱоԼĳѾﵽ˼ޣ׻˵Сǰҿɾͳܲסˡ
ǣġ׻Ը
ǣҶǰȥ
׾ѳܲЩ񱩵ĳЩӿܿܵ׻ӿȥ󶼱׻ˡ
ƣҶּǰߣߵ׵ʮԶʱ׻ѵ̶ֳһʱɡ
ҶӦһȻϥ£ʼ׾
䣬ʮʱתۼš
𵱳ǰǿҪ࣬ΪԴԴϵӿ壬Ҳ൱ڽϵĽ׵ǺͣЪġ
׻˵ϵϵٶҲٶҪڵϵŨٷ֮٣ƺǺϣġ
ȻʮʱҶ첢ǽϵ׾һ죬һ죬Ϊϵӿĳ൱ģӵϵҲסڡ
Ҳûţֶ̾Ȼûҵת֥鵤ϣѾʮãҲֻԪˡ
Ҷ׻ĽչҪ࣬ĸͷѾ˲١Ҷ׵ʱͽϵʳҶ뿪׵ʱЩʳٶȻûʳÿ죬ũؾʳЩҲ˺ܳʱųϡ
׻˵ٶȲʲô⣬Ϊθ㹻ȫͼȻ
ʱʱ֣ⱻͷϷƬʵʵסɫġƬƳ겻ɢɽֻϺͰʱܼ̫ʱ졣
ҶգϥŴ̾
þ۾ʱ׻ͻȻ𣬡СӣֻϾҪʼԪˡ
׻ѵͬʱҶҲԶɲڷȻͻƵס
ҶϽֹͣɲݿȥֻɲݵĸѾݳʯ棬ͣţ·ʱܱѿһ㡣
ʲôʱʼƾ׵أҶæ׻ʵ
׻겻˵ԪҪһʱ䣬ڼ仹ܻܽϮ׽֮ʱһ֮ʱŵ㵶еĻӦû󡣡
ҪôأֱӰѽ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ȼǣ׿ɲһ׵磬ĿǰΪܲס׻˵
ҪôأҶɻʵ
ӵкǿĿֻҪһԪ׵ɡ׻˵
ҵԪڽǰǸͲһɣҶ쵣ǵ
ĺˣʱֻҪһ޴Ԫѽ׵ɢġסԪҪͣάסΪѻܾõġ׻ѵ
ŶҶӦһȻĹ۲ɲݵ״
ɲ͵ƽֻͣȥָܿԭ״ȫ˺һâǱסһ㡣
״ֳ̬˺ܾãâ壬âȫڵʱͷϿյͻȻҷ
׼ˣ׽ϾҪʼˡ׻Ҷѵ
Ҷ켯עԪ׼
ɲƺҲ֪Σһ㣬ŵӶ㵽ʯ£ȥãܵһλȥһ˳ٴλλãƵĶأƺѰȫλá
һѰʮҲûҵģϵĽѾƴҲûټѰȥ˸طʯϵ֦Ҷͣš
׾ҪҶϽ֣ĳϣ֮ƣĵһƬ뾶ʮ׵ԪĻýɲ·
ҶſԪĻ֮ʣ¡һͷϿһ׳׵Ȼ̼ײҶԪĻϡ
ײɲâ˳ԪĻɢһܵ׻ǣ˳Ҷӿ׻ʳ
Ȼ׵ǿ͸Ԫ޷ȫ赲סģһ׵ֱӴ͸ԪĻɲݵ塣ԪܵĹˣⲿ׵Ҳֻʣԭȵһ룬ɲѾԳܵס
ɲƺҲЩ쳣Ǵӵ̧ͷһͷƬâֿ˳ſĻҶ죬һӡ
ʱҶνɽ׾ٲһ㣬ϵϮ£ڵԪţҪǽٲĻɼֲ˶ˡ
ҵǣԪľ֮ǰ
Ҷһ̱ڵأʱɲݱı˹ҶǰԴŶСؿҶ죬൱Ц
ɲ⸱ģҶ̲һЦ
׻ѵϽָԪȻʼƾ׵ɡ
ҶҲīѸйָԪԪָӯѸٽǿ޺˺ֻӥצȡ˳
˵ĲȥȽ׵Ҫߵ̫׻Ը
ǣҶ׵Լܳܵͣ
ְ׻ָʾþסֻӥצȻòķʹӥצǰܼ򿿽
ӥצ׵ԶʱӥצѾһ˿˿绡Щ绡һӥצϲͣûãԭһӲӥצѱǿֽһſϸСĿҶľŹס
ӥצѱֽòˣҶʹЩֽӥצĩջء
ͬķʽþסǿ޺׵򿿽
޺˵ӲҪǿӥצֱִ׵򸽽ʱ˷Ӧӥצһ㱻ֽ⣬һڻһεɫҺ壬ЩҺϸСĵ绡Ųţʵ׵һ㡣
ϵ޺Ũϵ۶ɵ壬ܵΪǿϵʱеȻڻҺ̬ڻ֮ܵͻӷΪεǱȻڻˮΪˮ
ԣҪĻðպʱ䣬޺ڻҺ͵þȡҪȻӷɵâܹܶˣǻë
޺˳ڻɵʱҶϽɫҺ˻
ЩƣĵѾɣ൱еᴿˣٽںϹں


434 
Ҷ׻ķԸ֮ǰֽӥצĩ޺ҺУΪҺ̺ŨܵϵӥצĩһоͱܽҺ塣
ӥצĩ뵽ҺкҺѾúһ󣬶ҳΪΪŨճ״̬ں֮Ҳͽ뵽ҲΪؼһΡһΪ
νΣȻǽЩҺ̬ԭԼҪ̬絶ǹȵȣҲǸַߡ
һ൱ˮƽģһЩΪȱ鲻һЩĹ̥ȻοɲƤһ״Уͺһоģȷе˵ľһǹͨУ˵ľƷ֣֮ҲƷ֣֮ʲùֵ裬ʲþ͹ʦ
ʦҪƳʵıҪḻľ飬Ҫӵһʵñʹ赼
һıʹͨõһֻЩ׵һ⹦Żӵжص
Ҷֱ׻̵һ׾׵רķԪע뵽Һ֮С
ķ£ҺʼܵԪƶ죬Ϊ̬
ȻҲֻ߼ķͣһķ߱ιܣҪʦֶ졣
ɺһԪӵ֮ӿ룬Ȼֱŵ⴩ȥ;֮ҶҶһ㣬ɢϸСķڵĴЩԪƵģ֮һϸСͨԪ߹һĹҲͽˡ
κҲβ
ˣڿ뿪Ƭ׵ˡ׻Ҷʾ
ǸҪʲôʱأҶЩ̶Ѿβ׶Σһ뿪Ƭ׵׵̻󳹵׶͡
ֻҪھ׵̻֮ǰ뵶бˡ׻˵
ŶҶӦһȻþСž׵뿪׵
߳׵Ҷɲǰͬʱ׵Ҳǰֶӣ˵һƭСӵĻ
ɲݵֻС飬һգգضǰľ׵һģ
Ҷĭɵ˵һͨСһȴһ㷴ӦҲûУٿ׵Ѹٹ̻Ҷ켱þ͸ȹϵƵġ
СһͱӲɢҶļٵв
ɲݾľͷһ㣬һشԭأĿҲԵЩ͡
ӣô㷴Ӧۿž׵Ҫɹ̻Ҷ޲һץСһֱӽ֦Ҷȥ
Ȼɳ嶯ʱ򣬴СһͻȻһһİ͸Ӱڴܳ˳۵С
һ룬׵Ĺ̻ɣҶ϶ʱ˾ϲ֮ɫȲһ׵ĵ
סɲǣоһ΢ľӵдƣһ˳ֱԺ֮С
ܿ죬ҶܸоǸСһϢˣͺñԼС֮ͨĸоظղӿԺеһƵҲĶ
Сһҵ𣿡Ҷ˷ܵʵ
׵дһ˿ԪӦСһﲻ˵Ҷȴ
ȻҲȡְɡҶתһ룬۾һˣԺҾͽСݺˡ
׵ڴһϲ
ǺǣȻϲǾôˡҶЦ
һӺϸ۲ľ׵
ѵԼһ壬˵֮⣬ָΪǿϵӥ޺ΪɫѵҲΪɫߵĵ϶һӵ磬Щӣϸ緢˿ϸޱȡ
׵۲һȦҶϲޱȣȲ˵;ͱǰǱ׵˧֪
ְɡ˵ţעԪ
Ԫ󣬵ɫâɽϵԭ쳣ŨҲж׵ʵһǿԿ϶ģ⾪׵ҪԶʤڳ׵
辪׵ˣһҶ뽫ս䣬ȴ־Ȼû취սȥ
һԼЧ׻ʵС⸽鱦ѵս𣿡
ͨȻܴռУҸ޷Ʒ׵ġ׻ش
׻ôһѣҶŻȻʶ׵̽ⲻʲôȽ׵ߣͺͨƵġ
ˣȻȽףԺҲõıˡ˵ţ㿸ž׵ǿϣ׵һ
ļ죬Ҷֽûûҹʱ⡣
֪Ƕʮȥ
Ҷ׽ɽѾһ£ϵŨҲɿ˰ٷ֮ʮĳ̶ȣȻٷ֮ٻ·
һգҶӭһ൱ĵʱ̣̳̾ѾԲ״̬ζſԿʼԪѣС̾ˡ
ҶֹּͣӴȡһֻСƿ
ֻƿǵ̩ɽʱ򣬿ľǰ͸ԼģʱֻƿϵıǩҶǴһΪһԪѵ
˼壬ԪѵǽԪʱĸҩľȻԼԪѵ˵ԼӵԪ壬һ֪Ԫѵ£ҶǷҲ˴̾
ֱҶ쿴ԪѵȻ𾪲ѡ
ȻֳɵĵҩǾȥռҩĵ鷳
ڶԪѵĹ̲̫Ҷ׻ѯС֪ԪҪô𣿡
ԪҲǺ˽⣬˵Ӧ׹зѵġ׻ģɵػش
ǾԿɡҶ쵹Ҳûй̫࣬ΪľǱУмԪѵƷԾԪѵ˷Ҳʲô̫⡣
׼Ҷ㽫Ԫѵ˿УȻԪ֮С
Ԫѵ븹֮ûѸܻҶ콫̾ʱԪѵ㽥ʼܻͷųޱȻԪԪķĵ˳žӿҶԪ֮С
ԭѾֹͣɳԪ壬Щ֮ѸͳɳҶоԼ·Ҫ뿪һ㣬һ˵о
ԪɳƬ̺󣬳ɳһֹסԪڽ˷״̬ڼ䣬ҶоԼʶʼģ壬ֻ˯ĸоǴŬŴ̾
ԭһжеʮ˳ǣڷѽеһʱȴˡ
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435 
Сӣˣ׻ľһ㣬Ҷԭʶ˲ѹ
ʶѣҶҲǰΣ
ڵаһ㲪ȻǰǿͷɰҶһ
ԪѵĹؼʱ̣ͣЪû׼ᵼ·ʧܣǲϽаľа飬ɾ͸Ӳˡ
׻ȻҲǰƣɾ׼ȥԸаʱֵ鷢
а龹Ȼûȥ⣬ǽǿѵɢԪһ̾
ʳԪаͷøˣȻûȥ壬˳žֱӿ֮У۳ΪһȼŰɫԪ塣
ԪѵԪȫаӶᣬҶԪķ糱ˮһȴָ̬ܿȻηʧܸա
ǰԼһģһа飬Ҷֱĥòεһ̣Ȼǰ쵰ˣܲҶð
׻ҲѾݳΣվҶԣһɵضŶа飬˰Ƴ֣ԪӤ壿
ʲôԪӤ壿Ҷɻʵ
׻شΪﵽԪӤںԪԪӤںϣγԪӤ塣
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׻ϸ۲Ƭ̺ҡͷ˵һԶԶûдﵽԪӤڣӦһԪӤ״̬ɣԪЩΪһ壬Ǹ˵ļһ
˶Իڼ䣬а鼫ƽעˣû˿
Ҷ˳ǰа飬ʵСӣ˭ʳڣʶЩ޴
ĳޡа鵭ػش
Ҷ˰Ѻʣ㵽ʲô
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ʧϽʧû㡣ҶƵ˵
г޵壬޲ұ޷ʧа˵
֮д㣬ͱϹˣԺʵʵ棬ҵңһһᱨѪʧġҶ˵
׻ֽʵǰΪҪأ
а鳯Ҷ쿴ȥƽ˵Ҽ㣬ң㿹ҼǿԼұǾԼҵķұΪһ壬ΨнҲܽԼ
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Ҷ۾ʡһֱԼӹԼĳޣڴʧǿĿΪС
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Ҷ۾˼һһҹĵеĳޣʶԼ½ҡ
۵ɲǣ˫֮ȼ𰵺ɫ棬Ȼ˿һţվԶǰǶôʣеаŲаҲڣңұ
СǲǸ뿪ˡҶ׻ʵ
ЩʳѾһʱˣҪ߱߰ɡ׻˵
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û˿ԥתϾ׵Ҷ쾶ֱʱǵȥ
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С󣬾븮ԺĴԽԽˣ˪˪Ķᵽɤۡ
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һɵص˵ɳ˪˪˵ûʲô⸱ӣ϶йϽ⿪ҿ
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436 
ҿǣϽѰ⿪Ҽ顣Ը
˪˪һҡͷһߺˣȻöԷ֪ԼǱӵ飬ҪȻɾ߲ˡ
ɳ˪˪Խ飬վԽɣϵӣǰһ֣̽һѶİ
ң컹ҡ˪˪ǰȥ
ջ˿˳˪˪ᣬ׼𿪰飬ȴƳ˳˪˪¡ӡ
Ϊ˪˪ѲǺܿɣԾܶӻǺܴ󣬵ȴΪԣȻҲͶ㲻˫۾ġ
Щ˼۾˪˪ĶӿȥоСûɣ㣬ĶӣȻ
˪˪һŵס˶ӣֵ̿ȴ
ٻǰһӳ˪˪ԵĸŻ۾ԽԽָų˪˪ʵ㣬㻳ˣ
˪˪ɫѾ࣬һߺˣһ߲ͣҡͷϣûûУûС
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㣬㾹ȻĻˡϵɫ쳣죬Ǿֻ
ĸյĻԵЩ졣
ʶ¶˪˪ŵس֣Ҳ˲ֱתܡ
ܣĸϽץĸ
ȻΥյĻȥ˪˪Χ
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ſңǷҰɣˡ˪˪ţ޺ţǰпƺѾκϣ
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һ˫˫ƻɷĿ⣬˪˪־ţȴ޴ɪɪ˼С¹һȺ׶һ㣬ңʧ롣
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ܶԷǺһöԼĵˣԼôҲȥһţǵЩҶתսȥȻûܼͣ૵˼ҰսϹʲôء
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Ǳϵƣһλؾڸ֣ʮλؾ֣߾ֻһλؾʿؾҲʮˣ˫֮ʵʵ̫󣬾ӵеϵƣҲֻʱϵ⡣
ЩŮΨһϣܲǱܹԮϣƺҲҪɾˣΪ羹Ȼϵܲ
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Ůӵʱò֪룬ڴϵܲҲֻͻƳȥܲѰԮˡ
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ǾӵеؾΪˣԼˣѾûսƾһֻԷλؾʿԸˣ˵ǰһսˡ
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Ƭ̣ϲ֮ɫ֪սЩоˣΪǰؾԲǿߡ
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磬ǿʧ˲ˣôܾʹ˰ݣҿֱӴֵɱϳȥˡԻ߷˵
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ǣФܹܾʹҶȥ̳õһ꣬ҵռ棬൱á
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440 
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С۾Ҷսžͱˡ
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֮࣬ҶװͿҲʶʲôؾ֪ʲôʳ˻ҿϴ˰ɣȻ׳ϣҪȻԷɾ͵ҧԼˡ
ߣڱүǰװɵöеųϢ㻹ʲôɽƱģʵȻĸ֪Է׿ڳϣҲʹ졣
ҶһʶʶָöָƳһۣȻҲһ鱦еǶԷ˵䡣
µװȥҲûʲôˣҶüͷһʶаЦںˮ黨ʲôģˣλŮǰֻͷָУҵڻǼ£ҪŮøһǾٺòˡ
ø磬ʶ϶ʱŭ֮ɫԷץͷǡ
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ǱүС֮˽˶Թĺ̻ٲ֣ȻһȽϳȣѾŭͷԣԾФܹܳӣҲƱҪȡҶ


441 
Фܹܣ¾ͽԼɣȻԷôǷᣬʧءҶ첻˵
ҶҽοеؾΪöԸФܹСѵ
ФܹܷıǣֻɫҷۡҶ첻ΪȻ
ʱЩ˿ҲѾΧ۹Ҷⷬ۶˽
˵ʲôأȻô󡣡
Фܹ˵ĺ̻ĹôݣӦò򵥡
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ǰ˰׳嶯رЩʲС꣬еɼͽڳһĿ˵ĸ̬߰
ЩҶڶ൱Ȼһǹ᳹ţԼ·ñȥ˵ԭ˵۲Ӱ硣
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442 
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ζʱعһȴ˵ǵǲţԼȻǰСһôҡ
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ʶĿһԵЩΣҶ˵ںңСȻûʲô˵Ȩġ
ҶһЦ˵ʵɣոҴöøɢأøСҵƿ֮£ʱؿȥݼǺҵڡ
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ܺʶҲ֪Էʲôûڴʵʲô
ҶаЦ⣬ʹյʶĶԣС˵øһ
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ôôûϢأÿοŮ˿޾ͺݲģһְҵå˵ֱǸ㡣ҶţͬʱԴЩͷʹ
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ʶû˵ԾһԹ޵صҶ졣
ҶЩͷˣʵ㵽ûأҵ£ҪٲҴ𰸣ҿɾͰøˡ˵ţ㿪ʼ
ʶĿЩˣǰһݲΪ죬ҿ첻µزµӣ˵¶֡
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ʶ΢΢һøԣԼƺѾҪɾˣίˮ
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ˣҶɲ˿ǿǵ鷳ԲˡԼ鷳ļһ
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ôңһжҵģؼ֮һүү̡⹫Źұ԰ɣҶ쵭Ȼʵ
ֻҪߣǲ鷳ġʶϽ˵
뷨ҺϲǲǺһô룬Ȼֶ̧̧žܰǺҸˣҪǸôĻǱǸʲôҿ϶鷳ʱһǻЩͷʹġΪ˱ҵöСֶΣЩ˵ţҶ֣̽ں¡
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ĺˣҲҪģַסϵľŴѨλøҲ͸ͨûʲôˡҶ˵
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Ҷüͷ˵ҿûзΪֻʱңͨ˶ѣֻҪڼǺҰֵ㣬ңʱȻ⿪ЩѨλ
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ҿǴƭƯŮӵġҶһЦؿźʶֵһҪǣϱҷסľŸѨλ밴ض˳ܽ⿪κһɣҪǲţԡ


443 ļ
ϣ㵽ʱسŵʶҶ˵
ĺˣһǺõģҪǺҸڰʲôСĻҿɾͲĴˡҶɫѶԷҪѧҺһʹЩĵֶΡ
ǿ˰ɣʶʵ
߰ɣ߰ɡҶڰ֡
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Ҷ󺰵ˣղŸ˵ĻҪͨˣʱҸ磬û׼һľǰһѨλ⿪ˡ
ʶͷҲصسǰȥܿʧȺС
Χ۵ȺŽɢҲһδӣЩʿƽʱûʲôȤϲ֡
ȺɢȥФܹߵҶǰЦҶҽû뵽ΪȻǸλߡ
ǺǣͷûΪôҽءҶЦǺǵ˵
Фܹܵͷ˵ҲǣڵĶɲһεúõġ
ںδأҶʵ
ƺѾصĺ̻ܲˡФܹܻش
Ҷ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ФܹʵҶҽȻ˺֣ҿδػԹûСĵΪá
лФܹѣһСĵġҶȻҲ֪Ҳôױסû׼ǻ쾳ǿԼ֡ȻҶҲţڳ֮ǰȻԼĵϸΪԽʱڣӦòʲô
Ʋ£Ҷž׵ߵ˹̨ǰ
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Ҷص˵ͷ˵õĲϣعǮ⡣
ǰ˵ЦˣܹС꣬СңǮءԲЦӯӯ˵
޹»Ҫټһһʮظ˵ǡҶ˵ɲϲƽ޹ʽܱ˵ĺô
㰴ҶҽķԸȥˡФܹҲԲ˵
ǣԲͷҶ˵ǰɣ͸졣˵ţҶһϢҡ
ϢȺûãʾѾɣϲǽϺõƤӲУԼǿԲӽܣƤѾķߡ
Ҷ콫ʱϣȻ˼ΰνսĶָ˵ǱȽġ
Ǯ뿪꣬ҶФܹܵĴһҩȫҩꡣ
ڣҶ˵ΪеĻԪѵԪѵλҩķֱǣԪɲݡɹѻڤ
ԪɲԪһζҩģũؾʱ򣬹ɷҶһ꣬Ԫõˡɹ鵤һζģҲ֪ռѶ൱ߵġ
ҶɲЩͨĵռЩģҪΪ׼һЩġ
ҵǣеĸҩĶҵﹺ򵽡
ҩĺҶФܹܣ뿪ĺ̻ᡣ
ҶӶЭſ·ʱͻȻŮӽлҶ磡
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ʶãôּˡҶЦŴк
Ҷ磬ôͻȻأǶûüúøлءѦʶǰЦʵ
ΪԾʹæ뿪ˡҶڷܵ
ԭҶп𣿡Ѧʶڴʵ
ʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
˵֮󣬺أܲϵ㡣Ȼ㣬Ҫ͸һȥǸɣû׼Ϊ±ءѦʶ˵
ˣ˵ҲֻǿϲųֵģûҪȥı𡣡Ҷ˵
Ҷô˵Ѧʶһ죬ҲĪЩϲá
ˣʲôأҶɻʵ
׼﷢أֻô࣬ȥѦʶǼ˵Ĵɨһۣ챧Թ
㷢ʲôأҶЩ档
ҡѦʶһԥƺЩݵӣǵҶΪˣҲûҶ磬ǵطİɡ
ŶҶӦһѦʶһƧ
߽ӺѦʶֽΧɨһۣˣŴյҶǰСʵҶ磬Ҳ˵Ƿս°ɣ
ѾǼ˰ɡҶشڴϣ̸۵Ĵ඼⡣
Ѧʶּ˵Ϊǻλһǹֹ¶һֱ粻ϣڻ͸һӵеؾԲΪû취ӦսԸӶЭᣬԷ͵ķʽļһλؾԲǿ߳ս
ǰỹ湻׵ģȻ䶼ҪӶЭԮҶЩЦ
ҪλһǹֹûϵϵĻһõġѦʶǼΪԼ绤ֲҶ磬ЩǻܣŸ˵ģǧ˵ȥ
Ҷ̲һЦﻹʲôܣƸڳǵ˶Ѿ֪ǻλһǹʧٵˡ
ӶЭļԮԲй¶ȥҪȻǷɵöˣҲǵ㣬ԲŻ׹ġҲֻ˵ǶԸһֻһʥޣҪһλḻĵؾԲˡѦʶ˵
⵹ҲǣҪǱ֪ǷӶЭ˳սǷҲûƸڴȥˡҶҡͷЦ
˵ҲȲѲŻ²ߵġѦʶҲ֮ɫΪһԱڷΣʱȻǸͬܡ
˭ҪǰǳսǿɾΪˣһǲӦġҶ˵
Ҳ֪㣬óЩռԪҩΪ꣬ԵؾԲʿ˵Ǻܴջˣһ˶ܾġѦʶ˵
ԪҩģҶ۾һ׷ʵ𣿡
ѦʶشȻˣԪɲݺͺѡһҲΪһֱûռˮ黨Գٳδͻơ
ԪɲݣҶ۾ʱһԼԪѵҲҪζҩбҪһţ뵽ЩҶ˵ʶãող˵ǸҪ𣿡
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ͻȻִȥˣ鷳Ҵ·ɡҶ˵
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У
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444 
ܲλƸڳǶλãνܲΧǽΧĴլԺֻһߴĽΧҲûκηʩ
ƸľƣģսĿԺСҲûҪҾдսһķס쾳ǿһ
ⴱ¥ĴϷһңдɷĴ֡󡱡
ǰλŮӰأѦʶҶ߽ŵʱǼûҲûйʡ
˸սţӭǸʮŮӣΪҲЩͷˡ
ʶ㲻ȥӶЭᷢôôˣ˵ϳҶ죬㣬ճӪǵλǰԵЩ졣
ǵ£վǵҶ磬ǴġѦʶ˵
Ҷǰܹ̫ˣҲһֱҪءһ˿м˵Ҷ֣ǿȫûˣҶҲǵľˡ
ҺǸйһ֮Եˣֻ֪ҰˡҶЦ
⣬ʵô˵ҶǰǸʶˣ
Ҳô˵ɣشǸҵôһҶ²
ǺǣʹȥǸɡ˵ţִӴȡһŰƴֽѦʶԸʶȥƹһˣŵӽˡ
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ˣʵҸ֮ҲеССĹڣҲЩ˽ɡҶʵ˵
Ҷⷬһ˿ϲɫҲĥҶα䡣Ȼɲ˵£ȻԷˣȻ
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Ҷǰ˾˵ΪӦöǡ˵
ǺǣȽϵ͵Ҳȷʵ˵Ƹڴ˻ûáҶʵ˵
ҶǰƸĪʲô£Ҫҷæ֮ܿڱǡϽҶ׽
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Ǹо󷨣Ҷ⡣
еؾԲΪԪҩȴһֱδܼ룬ڶ˵Ѿû壬Ͼ֮ͻо󷨺֮˵
Ԫļζҩôռ𣿡ҶЩɻ󣬶˵ζҩĵ൱ɡˮ黨ںʶģԪɲǹɷ͵ģǸڽ֮ʱɳĮ񵽵ģǲѴ֮Ȼ֪Щҩļֵ
ȻؾԲʿ࣬쾳ǿȴ޼Ȼ˵ؾͻ쾳ĳɹʺܵͣҪԭҩϡȱرԪͻûдϵƣϵԪҩĻѱѹΣЩӵܿһһεĳͻƣɴ󲿷ɢȴһҲòһλᡣпε˵֪ԼһҲһͣĴ󲿷ʿ˵еľͷ쾳ԲǵؾԲ
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ǣ㣿һˣȻЩţٻ𵱳ԷԺʱǸ޿ֵӣʱȻ
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ɫܿƽȻһЦָ߳ԱߵҶҶɡ
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Ҷڰ˵ǺǣҶĳҲΪ˱鷳ԲΪû˵档
ҶȷʵбҪΪҪȻЩǵͷѪˡ㿪Ц˵
ͣӵеؾԲΪҲȻʧΪˣмҵЩҲǰ㡣Ҷ̾
Լĳɾȫǵ׻ĸȻдԼ̾޼ɣû˵ĸԼڿ»ڵؾ·ϼţҲ󲿷ʿһΪֹڵؾԲ
ԼԣǰҲжʮӣӵŵؾԲΪⲻò˾̾
ʵСŮҲֻΪĸ׵ԸԲſ֧ȻȥͶһЩҲͲˡ¶һ˿˺;⡣
ϸҲ⣬ʣǼĳȻɵõԪĻѰҩġ
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΢΢һϾļһǷļҳ㱻ἰȻЩѿҲдҶἰ£ҶⷬҲûֵ̫ΣЦ󣬱ʵ˵ȷд£ҶӼЦˡ
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445 ϸ
Ҷ˵ţ漴ƿһ˽
Ҷǰò衣ҶԵĲ輸ϣҪҶ࣬ǰĹأǿΪƺҶΪǰҲӦġ
лҶͷл
ҶǰҾˡֵ˵ͷ˳鷿š
ߺ㿪ҶʵȻҶӶô˵ˣԸҷսˣ
ʵҶĳֻΪԪɲݶġҶֱ˵˵Ȼղ˵ľЩͬ飬ɲǴƼңͽ޹һǲȥġ
ɫ൱ƽЦЦʵô˵ҶҲռҩ׼Ԫˣ
ҶֻǲÿɷЦЦȲѣȻ͸¶ԼΪ
ԭСŮҲǴԪҩΪս꣬Ȼġ˵
ʲôأҶɻʵ
Ҷ˵Ҳǳľ֡Ź˵
ŶҶ⣬ЦЦҶĳȻôϲģһֵĻʹ䣬˵˵ҶĳǷҪע
ǷӮ򵥵˵
Ҷһתʵ˼ǣֻҪӮα䣬ͽԪɲң
ûʱҶǷҲҶʤֻҪҷӮ˱䣬Ԫɲݱġ෴ҷˣǾҶǳӮ˶ԷҲòԪɲݡǳЦ˵
ȥʵ̫ϧˡҶ޷޵˵
ҶΪô˵أЦʵ
Ǻܻᾫϸ㣬зնеʱ˱䣬ǷӮһԪɲݸҲóԿˣʧһȴסԪɲݣԲӮƺ̫ʧһеʧҶĳһеҶͬʱҲŮ˽ƻ
һЦ˵û뵽Ҷӵͦ͸ģȻҶӶҷжȣǶڴ£СŮӿǲ˿òŶ
Ҷʵ֪Դսмְأ
˵ʵ˴αҷԴƣҶӦ˵Ҹһǹȴʧȥ硣Էô󵱼Ҳһ쾳ǿߣҲ˵ҷѾעһ֣Ψһʤʣµ֡ʵǵ˵
ʣµмְأҶʵ
ʣµ֣ԷɶԱԻս˾еؾԲΪԱǸ˼ܣʵս൱ḻĶ֣Ҫսʤɲ׵£ԻıԱҪ׶ԸһЩ
ʲôƻ𣿡Ҷ̽ʵ
ΪҸһλؾԲĹһֱ粻ϣԾƶҸ൱ĿǰΪֹҲûȷļƻҸֹܸڱ֮ǰҸ൱ʤ㡣ǵ˵
λֹ»زĻѵ㻹ҪȥļһλؾԲͽˣҶʵ
ҡҡͷ˵龧ĹģҪҸζԪҩᣬֹ»زǾֻܿȡˡ
ԸԻаգҶʡ
ѵҶӴӭսԱ𣿡ʵ
кβɡҶʼ˵
Ҷ˵úɣ㻹ǷŲģϾԷᣬҪԸԱϼ޻ĶЩ˵㡣
㲻ĵӣҶʵѵаսʤԱ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ԸԱСŮȷʵûжٰա
ȻˣǾͽҺˡҶ˵
㵭һЦεԸֹܹʱϻǵʤҲԴࡣ
Ҷ룬ʵʱ䶨𣿡
ս˵ڳĹ㳡ϽУĿǰһûиӦش
Ҷ˵ͷȻûжǵҲȥսϵ⣬һжȾɡ
ǵʱСŮȥǼҷϵҶ𣿡ʵ
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СŮȥ˵ҲվҶ߳鷿һ·ſڡ
뿪֮Ҷ쾶ֱ˷ݡ
ʱ䣬ʼзĲĵڶա
ֻڵĻ˺ƮƵʵҲܹͬﵽڿǰƶЧֻûкȻҵµƷַʽϸ˵Ӧ㲻ϺգҲֻ˵ǰԾ
ҪʵֺգȻܵʩҪȫƶǰҵƶƶʽɲƶڿƮһ㣬ȻҪﵽ־磬ҲС
˵飬Ҳֻ࣬ЧЩ⣬񵱳Щʿ۵һնֻܳ裬͸ɻһ㣬ԽԽ½
Ҷ²⣬ܱŨȵ⣬ԭΧԱ֤ڿնʩչյʱЩɢԽµҲͱϡˣ»
һʮ飬һҶҲֻε̾˿ѡ˷ϾŨϵⲢܽġ
ȻûЧҲֻʵʵϰ죬ֻҪܽϰ¯ĵزնбܴﵽƽصľ硣
ҹʱ֣Ϊ׻ڱչҶҲֻԸ׾׾ϵŨȣΪٶҲҪһ㹦ࡣ
׽ɽһµҶһ쾳ĵ·ǰ˴룬쾳Ѿ׿
ڽ쾳ϸػֳ˾Ǿ磬ͳؽ쾳Ƿǰк׶ΣһǵΪ쾳ǰڣǵΪ쾳ڣǵΪ쾳ڡԣֻǵǣǵ֮䶼ƿڣͻƿΪҲʵķԾ
һǵ֮䲢ϵƿֻʱϵ⣬ԲʿÿһǶǼ꣬Ǽʮꡣ
·ʿǶǿľͷǰ·ϳ˿գʿǻ޷ˡ
ڶһ磬һŮҵҶ죬ϴһͬݵ֮һ˶ѾߣŮӽС죬һŮӽСࡣ
СҶһϢ˵λؾԲΪֹѾ˻Ӧڸϻ·ϣӦվִܵܲҲڽ񳿹õı飬ζű佫ںС
ڱϸţȻõλֹ»֡
ͺ÷ϢһշսϢҲܿʹƸڵĴС


446 ɹ
ԹͣҶ׼һ죬ǿӶЭĴͻȻ
ҶȡעԪܿŮ
ǰչɹ˳Ŷ
Ҷ۾һȻѾ׼鵤ɹҲԪѵҩ֮һһɹ˳ۣʱ˷
ãϹҶӦһȻҴҳӶЭȥ
ӶЭ񷢲S񴰿ǰ˫°ͣڷ
AȴǸŮͻȻеٱһ˻ܵϢû˵أ
㶵ص˵ͷһĲɵӡ
òΪѹɣʵ
ȷʵеģ˵Ϊ˸ˣҲ֪Ρһǵ˵
˵ͱһϵˣӦĲǺٵ״Ǹܺٵꡣ˵Ǹֻжʮ꣬ȴӵŵؾԲΪǶô˵£ЩŶĻôǾ˫ĿˡǲӦÿǿתĿأѵ
ƳƳۣûϴβǻȰ˵Һͺٲһεģôȥ׷߲εˡ
ͲˣڳֵλǾ˫ûпܶȥԳԣҪһͿأȰ˵
ôһ˵ôõ£ԼôȥءȤ˵
ҿжˣôܹء
ҲжˡƲƲ
͵˰ɣǸٶѾɷˣ㻹ʲôأȰ
ҿϵֲΪˣ˵ûΪɷˣ˵Ϳءдڴ
滳ϴʱǲǶԻҩˣȻصɵضŰ
أֻȷʵˡ͵
ôûʲôأ۳࣬ȲǰϷǸһء˵ǼһѾܾûˣѲôͷˣ²
ʲôأһʱû⣬ɻʵ
ȻǷ׷ˡش
Ϲ˵ʲôءüͷ
ҿûϹ˵ǰι˵ЩĻ׷˼˵
ҿ̫˰ɡ˰ۡ
νԹ壬ԣԹߵĽǶӦ׷㣬ƺҲôһĶˣҪټӰѾܰӺٵĻиȳˡһ˵
Ѿͷٺ˵˵ˡԹ
ˡͻȻָŴڷ˵
ȻŤͷȥ̨ǰտҲһңûǸӰʵء
ȴ͵Ц
ӦüͷѾͷƭңҲѵ㡣˵űҪ֡
æ͵Ҳֻڿͦе
ɫһ죬Ϲ˵ˣǸ˼
ղ˵ˣﷴӦôء粻ĵ׷ʵ
ңҡ
ûȰ˵ȥͻȻ۾ָŴ̨еˡ
ߣΪɵ𣿻ᱻƭΡȻˡ
æˣûƭأӴȥˡ
ݵ棬ҲŤͷȥȻǸϤıӰ
ӰȻ˵׵λ˵ıӰ˵ơ
Ļ𣿡˵
ʲôأ˼ѾˡŽӴſڷѵ
æջĿ⡣
㻹˵û˼Ķʵ
Ųңֻǣֻǡ֪ô͡
ֻʲôأֻһĶ𣿡Ц
ߣҲ˵ˡߺһƲԴٴ磬ԴȴǲͣĸղǸӰ
ҶûȥϷҴ߽˽Ӵҡ
ϴһѯ̨ǰʾӣܿ㱻֮۷05ŽӴҡ
05ŽӴңһλԱ⣬һλٵߡ
Աʾ˵֮Ҷ߶
Ҷ֪ǰôƺܶԷֻǸؾʿҶ컹Ǻܸӵسƺһǰ
Ϸյˡ߼򵥵ػش
ԭǵǰǰϿֳɵɹҶʵԷ˵ֻṩϢĻúúÿǿǣϾɲÿضϴһ˵ġ
ߵ˵ͷʾ϶
Ҷ˿ЦʵǵǰɹҪôأ
ҩ˵
Ҷüͷһ壬Է˵龧Ļûʲô⣬ҪҩǾе鷳ˣԼϿûʲôҩ
Ƭ˼Ҷʵ֪ǰҪʲôҩأ
Ԫҩġߺԥ˵
Ҷüͷٴһ壬Ԫҩı˵ûУҲͶԷɹ
Ȼ˵ɹԪҩһǼΪϡҩߵļֵȴǲԶǰֽʽδҲ̫̰ĵ˰ɣҶ첻ɫ˵
Ԫҩг󣬷ҲԽ϶࣬ɹô󣬼ӵУǴϷһţֻҲڶˡѵҶ˵ģȻҲĽҲֻǱŽҵϾɹҲؿɼҩǶԷ󹺵Ļû׼Щҩ
Ȼǰ֪ɹôҲ뵽ҵĻɹ¾һĲֵˡЩʦԸչҲԲʲôü۸񣬸˵Ԫҩ㻻ˡҶ첻˵
ϡҩ۽ĻϷԸղء߰ڳһ˵
˵ûԪζҩģУҲ㻻ġ˵ҲǼҩĵȣǵȸһ꣬Ҳ⡣ҶҪɹǰڳһν˵
¶һ˿ź֮ɫ˼Ƭ̺ڷ˼֣ʵʲôϷ򽻻ģҪ龧ʲôģǾͰˡ
Էôһ˵Ҷ쵹Щˡϸ룬ԶԷͺΪͷӦöڻ˲龧Ҳ˵ȱǮĻҪЩܹ龧򵽵ĶȻǿϵġ
Ҫ˵龧򲻵ĶҶϵҲһЩͱЩǿ
Ȼɶ˵Եǲ׵ģʣµǿҶ컹治ûԷ
һͻȻ۾һ뵽һ


447 
ĴǧӿƳŵ鵤ԼӵؾڵԲֻĿţһʣڴУǿЧ鵤ͶԷɹҲ´ˡ
뵽ЩҶæ˵һŵ鵤ǿɹ
鵤߾˹Цһ㣬ĵЦһ˵㵱ϷС鵤ϷҪж٣αҪ˷ɹ
ҶüͷһȻʵҲȷʵдѵĵ鵤ǾƷ鵤𣿡
Ʒ鵤۾͵һԵؾʿ˵⾫Ʒ鵤ջҲͽԪˡ
ߣλԱСҲһԾҶ쿴ȥҶСоƷ鵤ȷʵͦ˼ġ
ߵķӦҶ쿴ϣûǾƷ鵤Ӧǿɹ˰ɣ
мţڴʵ
һšҶش
һţԵЩʧ⾫Ʒ鵤ȻϡϷ򻨷ѵ龧ܹ㵽ģһŵĻǾˡ
ҶҲżƽ˵ǰ֪žƷ鵤ɲͬһľƷ鵤
ôͬߺʵ
žƷ鵤ǧӿʦ֮ƶɵģҩЧҪһľƷ鵤ǿҶ˹˵
Ҷôһ˵۾һԵЩɣƾʲô֤žƷ鵤ڲͬ
ܼ򵥡ҶԱߵŮԱȥʵŮӦмʦɣ
ȷʵСԱش
ҶӴȡһֻСƿݵԱԸǾ鷳ȥһ°ɡ
ǣԱӹƿӦһȻ뿪˰ᡣ
ȷԱߺҶ߿ǰ̤ؾڲãƺǺ룬Բٻʮʮʱ䣬Ӧû˵ɣ
ܿϷΪĪҲеؾΪԵЩ˵ǰС궼еؾڵΪЩ޵ˡȻҶĻشȴǲѪ
ʵѾؾԲˡҶ쵭ȻЦ
ߵӶʱأؾԲԲϷûûɣ֮ɫǰʮС꾹Ȼ˵ԼӵеؾԲΪʵЩ˼顣
¸ղؾڵʱɵһǧĵӿӿ˶ܹƳžƷ鵤·Ŀű׵˵ؾԲԣŵ˵žƷ鵤Բ·һءҶⷬҲ٣һ˵ЩƽƽʿþƷҩЧ࣬رԼžƷǿЧ鵤
ȫɵˣ˵Ҷⷬͺڽ񻰹һ㡣
Ѿ𾪵ԸӣҶҲûټƽǾʵ顣
ֱλԱСǿŵ鵤߲Ի
ڷԱС󻹸һ׷ͷ鼤ͺǳ˷ܼһ㡣
һᣬ׷ͷ㼱еʵ֪ŵ鵤λѵģ
ҵġҶԵЩɻ
׷æλСѣɷŵ鵤Ϸ򣿡
ǰеؾԲΪҪŵ鵤ʲôأҶ
ϷƽҩǾƷ鵤Ҳʶ٣ŵ鵤̺ҩѾԶԶԽ˾Ʒ鵤ķ룬ֻ¾ǷҲҲڶˡ׷ͷ쳣ļĿʱʱǿŵ鵤ȥ޲ռΪеӡ
׷ͷôһ˵ҶͻȻԼƺ͹ŵ鵤ļֵû׼ŵ鵤߽ɹÿ󱾡
λҲʶŵ鵤ֵƣæӴнǿɹȡ˳СֵܣϷɹĵ鵤
׷ͷһüͷЩм˵ɹļֵһľƷ鵤ҲͲˣŵ鵤ֱǳ롣˵ţҶ쿴ȥ˵СѣϷԸȼ۽
һҲˣһҧ˵СֵܣϷԸɹټ1龧㽻
ŵ鵤龧ܺġ׷ͷõ
һ˵ǣϷһݼɹ
ݣҶ۾һԪ鵤һζҩģԪ鵤Ҳ쾳ʿΪĸҩϴڷɳĺ̻ռӧʱФܹ˵ЩԪ鵤ҩĻѱϣгһٻз
׷ͷҲһ㶣ƺҲûϵܹóԪ鵤ҩ
ʵԵ˵Ԫ鵤ҩĻûʲôôΪ쾳ٻʮʮʱ䡣ҩôʱĴţǱãҲ½ҲὫݷʱ򶥶ҲֻܻЩ龧ˡ
ȻóζҩԼҪģҶҲû̫̰ģˬشӦ
׷ͷҲû˵ʲôֻ̾˿źҡҡͷȻͷɥתȥ
׷ͷĳֵҶ׬һʣԭֻŵ鵤ɹûϻܰ׼һݡ
ɽףҶ̵߳˽ӴҡãȥϷϷã˳㷢չѻڤԪѵҩҲֻȱζѻڤˡ
Sǰھ۾ͿָͣҶЩգȻҲڵڽˡ
ѾƯˣĨˡҶЦ
ͻһţæָ
Ҷ조͡һЦôʲôĺˣҲ쵼ٱġ
˭˭ٱءƳƳۺߺߵʵոտӴңĪǰ˽ˣ
ǰã컹Ҫһ񡣡Ҷ˵
ʲôأòչҩɣʵ
ͦҶЦ޵
ǣЦƤģǽҶһĶ
ǸҪչʲôҩأ׷ʵ
ѻڤҶش
ѻڤһ죬ҩ𣿡
ѵûҶʱռζҩϣ൱ã
ȷʵûչҩôôϡأ
ǺǣΪǸڲͬˡҶƤЦԿ
ҿûʲôڲͬͷˮ
Ҷüͷ˵۾ȻǿˣҪȥ飬ҪȤĻ緿䣬֪ʲôүǡ
˷ۣ̽ʵʶôϡҩ֪Ƿ˵أ


448 
ôһʣҶ۾΢΢һУаѾͷôͻȻˣĪϴ÷ӵѾڳﴫˣȻ֪Ʋ¶ĵԼӵз´ˣպƱػ鷳
ԺýЩǡţȴʲôأʲôҩɣ
Ĳ˵ҲǣôܻءĪЩʧЦЦ֪ǾˡűΪҶ
Ҷɨӣܿ쿴Ͻһֻǧֽףֽ׳ƺд֡
֮£Ҷ̽ڣһץֻǧֽס
һĻʱˣأ컹ҡʱҶץǧֽ֡
ٲңҿɾͲˡüͷв
ҶûԹԵĿǧֽ׳ϵһС֡
ףԸܹտ
Ҷüͷһ壬٣ĸ٣
Ҷ췢֮ʣѸֽס
ĪǺҵǸ٣Ҷʵ
¡ͷ
ҶüͷһȻ˵ȷʵҵ£Ҫ㣬Ǽһɲʲô񡣡
ô˵Щ
ѵû˵˴ɷϢһ̫˲ŻᱻġҶų˵
Ų˵
ϴ˵ѾˣĪϲһҶ컳ɵʵ
ûϵ
òǿļҵ˰ɣҶЦ
ЩƳƳҶ죬Ҳûжӽ͡
Ҷּǿļҵףɷˣﻹôأ
˷Ҳǿ߷˵˵ű㽫Щõļ˴⡣
ˣ˵ѾǵˣԺҲûʲôˣйϵҲǵˡҶļ¼龧ȻƨˣϾһʼҶҲֻǰλڵϷĵϣɴûнһչҲΪʲô
ҶȥıӰͻȻЩˣ֪ΪΣոԷ˵Ժǵ˵ʱôһ˿ίѹ
ոǷ˼Ҫ˰ɣЩʵ
磬ңǲ˵أüʵ
ոǷȷʵ˵̫ˣ˵ٱɷҲǿⲻﶼ𱸵
ʵҲ˼ֻһʱڿô˵ġյ
һ̯ε˵˵˻ôţԺҲˡӸղķӦӿǸٰɡ
ܾﲻζɥ
ˣͱЩˣ˵ѾӦҪñˣںУֵݼأҪһȥɡһڴ˵
Ʋֵص˵ͷ
Ⱥ߳ӶЭţҶһ׿ЩƵ˼ٶȻ֮ǰǿɹݣʱá
ھֻʣѻڤˣֻҪռѻڤǾͿٶȳԪˡ
ϴηʧܵ£û̫źΪǴεʧҲһٽа⣬һаǹǿֻʱضʹãҪԳ
Ҷ׼ȥʱ򣬼һ£һϤڶ𣬡Ҷֵܣ㡣
ǸϤӰѾǰǺ硣
磬ôɡܹټ磬Ҷ쵹ͦĵġ
Ҷֵܣϴκʧôãֵҿɵˣȥĺ̻ѯʣ֪ѾȫֵһЦ˵
磬ˡҶһ˿м˵
ǺһЦʵҶֵܣӶЭҪ𣿡
ǹġҶ˵
ҶֵҪչʲô𣿡ʵ
ǰչһζѻڤҩҶ֮
ѻڤôûζҩأЩ
ôһ˵Ҷ͸ӺˣȻҲû˵ѻڤ֪ӦòˣҪӶЭռĿҲ͸ˡ
ֵҹªţЩϡҩҲûʲô˽⣬û׼·ҲӲˣҲﲻҶֵæˡ˵
ǺǣζҩȷʵЩɡҶ˵ʣ𣿡
ģҴǰͿԺǼҶֵˡЩź˵
ͿôͻȻ뵽ȥͿأҶɻʵ
ͷƤһݵӡ
㲻˼ҶҲͲ׷ʣЦЦ˵ˣͿҲҪƸǰ;Ҫˡ
ţ˵ͷƺʲôӴȡ˿ƴСƬ˵ˣҶֵܣֵǰһ״磬͸ˡ˵ţһݸҶ졣
Ҷӹ磬˵ԺҶֵҪͿĻʱϵֵңȻҶֵܵΪȻҪҰʲôæʱĻֵҺȾơ
УҪлȥͿһϵġҶ콫
ֲѵ״Чֻаǵʱϵң˵ҿܳԶˡ
֪ˡҶڴӦ
Ǿô˵ˣҶֵܺڡ
ڡ
Ǻ󣬺ͷȺҶͣתŷݷȥ
ңƸռųǱ̡
ҵĸۡƸڳһƬƧĽԶ˳еʺ֮Ǳ
ʱҼλǸۼһҼͳϺգλ쾳ǿҲڳ
ΧһȦǵİΧȦУϥһ֮ϣһĵɫѾ࣬ΪھŴѨλҶסڳҲֻǸûΪͨ˶ѡ
ͺշֱ𽫺εһ飬һۣ׷ҡͷ
ߣ̫ˣζߵСסģ͹ȥεĸ׺ߵ˵
СݲʵҲɲ⣬óȻǲסڸ׶ԣεҪࡣ
ζ˵ûԷϸоһƻɡ˵
ζȷСӵеؾԲΪЩŵʵ
ƾһöɵ㻯ҵѿȭֻҵв࣬ҪһҲеؾԲΪο϶˵
ʮӵеؾԲΪҲ̫˰ɣĪĳµ壿˵Ǻʢ۵ĵܵܣҲǺε塣


449 ں
ʢôһ˵ɫЩǵĳ壬ǿҲֻķˡ
֮ʣη񶨵Ҿ΢΢
ζʲô𣿡ʵ֪ԼϽȻֿ϶ǱȻиݵġ
༸ҲźΣȴĽ͡
β˵ϴũؾСӴӲʶһˮ黨
ˮ黨ζ֮ǰôἰأ۲ʵ
Ȼˣ˼˵ءα
ߣǻСӾȻ۸Ǻͷǲʲô壬ҶҪ۷߷˵
μҪĲǺˮ黨СǴµ壬ũؾðءĿǰڳǶһҷݣһиǴĵΪ
ζ˵ĵǴµ壬ҩӦԴԴϵģûҪũؾ˵
˷׷׵ͷʾͬ
ȻСӲʲôӵܣǻʲôùǵģֱȥ͵ˡ˵
ȴСӺĺ̻ỹ񶾽̶˵ĹϵóȻֵĻǻ鷳
Ǻұңĺ̻񶾽̡۲ΪȻ
ĺ̻ᵹ˵񶾽̻Ϊã˵ǰһ񶾽̶ʬúͶЫλ˫˫ƸڣҲ֪Ϊ£Ϊ˽ȥһСӵĵϸɡΪһ֮Ȼǰס
ˣǰʱ䴫ʿһŷȻһ˵ܹõĻܹǿζѨλͻˡʢ˵
ϷҲе˺ܾãһֱûλʿ䣬뿪Ƹˡ˵ǰһҶһֱ׽ɽȻûҵõˡҶѻ֮ѹȥһ£ͱ˸ˣټϵ۵Ҳȼ˶ѡ
ʢȴһ˿Ц˵һǸ˾͸ӲܽǿŷˣȻĻ
ܣ˼Ƿ˵ĶӣеķȡЩʵ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ΪʵЩ񶾡
ҲδһҪӣȫǿŷƳʢ˵
۾һ취УȥǸ˷ķˡ
˵Ҫſȥȴ˷̫ðգӵЧҲֻǸ˵ѣóȻζ顣
ôһ˵۵侲ȻҲԸԼӵȥðա
ȴһ˼ӣʵڲľôҶŪ֮СԣǿŷǲӵЧȸ㵽֣Էʱ֮衣
ζڳɢʧΪ֮⣬Ҳû֢״ԴҲز֮ʢСݵͽˡԸ
ǣʢӦ
ϷͻվȻؿˣסܲ鵽ʲôϢǧ򲻵ж費ⷬҪѺۣΪ֪Ǹӣû׼Ϊʲô嶯
ǣӦ
뿪ӶЭҶֱӻ˷ݡ
񷹹ѾȶЩƹǳϴεĽѵҲûٹ¡
Ҷ֪ԼڻߣϴЮŵδػװݡ뿪Ƹ֮ǰȳãŸŮûк֮ǡ
ԭҶѼƻãΪ̤쾳ٶó֣α¼ܻܿ᳹״ļƻڱʱᷢʲôֻ֮ᷢʲôĿǰ޷Ԥϣ˵ΪҪıǵõԪɲݡ
ص䣬ҶţϥϽԪ֮С
ССл׻ڸǰ
ʲôأǸ˵Ҫչ׻û
¡ҶЦ˵
СƤЦģûʲô¡׻˵
Ҳʲô£ҽΪ쾳Ҷ˵
νĶ쾳ѾԶˣôͲ֪ɽһٻأ׻Ƶ
ΪԪʧܣŻչԪѵҩģûϵһ㡣ҶЩź˵ҪȻҲԻ쾳ɽϾ׽ɽٶȿҪƽʱ
ñһٵķϣͰһѰɡһ˵׻õôǱȽϺ˵ġ
ھͿʼɡҶҲīȻд̾״̬
ʱ֣һĹֵĳȥ
˼㣬˵εºЩˣҶַȵס
ļλڳĲԶչ֣Ӻߵ˼ſڡ
ȻһȴּһƬǼ
һ첽˼ţܿ˵ܵܵĿ
ѭĸ׵ķ䣬ȴĸڴϴŴɫףܾܵſڴ߿
ôˣŵܵ˴ǰ
û£㣬գոձүץץȥˡĸһ߸Լؿڣһ߳˵
һ飬ɵʵ٣Ҫѵץȥأ
ĸҡҡͷ˵һȺˣĪسţ˵˵ߡ˼䣬ǾͣͲͷˣǿаѣץץˡ
û뵽ԼĽˣȻԼֲͥб
˲۽ǵˮ򴲱߿ĵܵ˵СϽȥ￴һ
ţС˲ˮȥ
ϢһȥѵȻġĸο
㣬㲻ҪȥǣЩ˾ͣˣ㣬һŮӹȥһһԿġĸȰ
ĺˣҲµģӶЭԱǺҲġҲֻ㰲οĸס
ô˵ĸ԰ЩǣСĵ㡣
ţ̫ˣúϢɡ˵ţ߳˷䡣
뿪ҺҴҸۡȥһ·϶Ȫӿ췢Щ;ûںޡ
Ҹۡ
ѺŰ߽һʯݣʯֻкκͺ۸ˡ
үүѺˡһ
㣬ЩŵؿԸӡ
ߵǰЦ˵ĺˣֻҪǿŷֻҪԹϣǵõŷȻġ
𣬷촽һȻ֪ԷҪԼǿԼһı


450 
ְɡŤͷ˵
۵˵ͷߵǰְ̧ڰϣ̽ȥ
ܿ죬۾һȻҵ˷ɾȥʱ򣬷ʱâţһޱȻķź۵ӿȥ
ɫһæջأ廹ܵһ˼ҲһѪ
һĻξǰסۣû°ɣ
۸Ͻתķڻҵƽ˲ǣ̾Ȼͬ죬ո׼ʱͷųһɻҼʱջǵóԴˡ
ѵԲɣξɵ
ߣвԱСһЦ
ɫһζɴֱӰǷȡ
ⷬɫ䣬ŭ㣬ǻûԣ
üͷ˵˵ԵⲢ٣ֻǾʿҲǵòġ
ܻܲƾʧɣЩš
˵û׼һǿŷҲ֮ˡβ²
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451 ս
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Ҷӵ˵޷Ц˵ӶԷղ۵ԷȷʵмıԣȻԷĽ顣
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صͷ˵Ҷӷĺе˵ʺϴͷӦԻΪԻֹ£ʣǱʤġԻҷʵһˣкܴʤ㣬Աֹ£ǵʤҲǺܸߵġ
ˣҶĳƶϵĻԷΪĳս˳ӦǣԻͷ󣬲սڶ֣ԱҶܽᡣ


452 
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˽ͷӶһһͨ
ȻҶû飬ǾͰҶӵķų˳ɡ˵Ҷ쿴ȥ˵ҶӣһСŮӳսɡȻСŮӲǻҶӵʵǿǵⳡϾǷ֮սСŮӻϣǷԼӮʤҶĶϲҶֱѡǣǶԷûаǵļƻǻҶȫԸ
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453 Σ
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Ҷ۾һУ侲ɿ֣ȻҲǴˣҪʲô˶£ҪȻҹҲһڣΪŻ㡣
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ҶһƣȥһţһͱԹʦҲǵģ˼һˣҲ֪ȥˣطֱˣûзɻҲͰˣȻС裬˵ʲôʱ뿪طأ
С͵ǻӦˡ
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СҡСԴﻹؽűʾ顣
˵ţĸӻЦΧ
Сһ𣿡Ũü󺺵ӲͣҶתš
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ԭһֻСﰡôƣӣӦǸոմԶɣҪҪǴȥأӻЦʵ
ˣϽÿҶûʲôЩһҪǿ˶еؾΪͶ˵߱ǵˡ
ǿһ⣬ҪǾܾĻǿɾ̫ˡ˵
ٲÿɾͲˡҶѾЩͷˣʲô£Ͷʮ޵ġ
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ԷŨü󺺽˺һҲϾҶҲͬӵŵؾΪ
Ҫ㶨Сǻ÷һУŨü˵
ֵǣֵʱɵŵ㣬ҪȻɾûÿˡѵ
˵Ҳȡ


454 
ڽ绹磬ۻһͬİãǱΧۣ֣лĴͳ£ǧǰԴԶ
ʱſѾһȦˣŶΧ
λﳤû治
ɲǣҶЩ嶯ˣ㿴ҪҲȥһи
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СѾͷǲ֪а񰡣Ҷһ˳ţοɵóԴˡ
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Χ۵ȺੲݵţڰΧȦУΧҶ飬жϾ˷̰ܺЦ⡣
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ʽϣֺɵػӽһƬſеԱϮȥ
ȻֺǣԱĹƲδϮǰǲŵĲϮȥ
ȻײӿĲ֮ϣܵлεĹ糱ˮһȴ
еԱýſľԾö㿪ֺϮĿ
Ųεİˣǰֺϯȥ;֮ǹɿˡ


462 
ǰӭϮĻֺԾţϾҲŷḻʵս飬ʱǰΣƣܹʱ̬ѸӦ
һ߻㲨Ϯһ󷽳ˡ
ڲϵĳ֮£Ѹˡ
Ȼڻ״ݻ֮ʣԱһֽҪ׼ϡ
ֻг߾ٹͷٴ۳һʮ׸ߵĻ൱ҲΪڻתټ죬ΧĿγһƬââ忴ȥһŤˣƼľͻһ㡣
ֺǵסһˡ
зǧӦԱĿǰʽˣֺʩչνĵʽһкǧмܡ
ԱʽҪ׼ˣֺȻѾûʱˣѶ
ЩǶס˺ҲǱýģǶֺ絣ģΪҲֺ缸ܵסǰһͽһ֮½
̨ϣֺ쳣أû˿ţгӯһƬտɫ֪ǰһսʤط裬֪Լ䣬ƴҲҪסϣְڣǰ֮ǰµĳŵΪһɹʡ
ҵĻ֮УҶԪ;Ѿָӯ
վĿΧһɨΧܵĺӵǱŵȴ
ٳɣѸ̧˫ָ׼ָºλ쾳ǿߣ֪Ǽȥɾ͸ϲϷõıˡ
Ӯ̫ĹϵԪɲݡ
ҶʩչӣΧЩҵӻæԶԶ˿ǲΪҶбͻ⻤󷨣Ƕµ껹Ǵĵ׵η塣
ǻƺ൱ģǵûҶʱľٶһСӣ׷ĻˣôҲӲ󷨵ġ
ҶûԹԵʩչָ
ûãָ׼ϣԥ̧ʯ֮Ƭ϶ָȥ
ָͼţ漴һҫ۵ĽââʯмʱƬɫĻֳ
âδܴ͸ƬĻҶָͼ˳ŽâĻϮȥ
ͼϢײڹĻϣͼڻȻչŴ˲串ƬĻ
ҫĽâͼĻҲͬʱƹţƺڱƴ
ĳͷĻЩˣ˿ոձսĴҲٴȡ˳Ӧս׼
ߵоԶЩ˾͸ӿֻˣ׷˵˸Զĵط
һ˫˫ֵ̿Ŀ£ĻϵͼڽţĻҲ֮Ȼָδͻǰ󷨡
ԷĹûЧһԶЩҲ
ԭֻƶѣˡ
˵ҲǣСӶҲһ쾳Ϊôӵóء
ǣ׻쾳ǿҲͻƲˣСҲӵó
һţһ߳ȥ
ҷҲߵǰЦҶȰ˵ˣ͹Թɡ
֪Ǻҵ³˰ɣ
ǱӣǹĹһ

ΧһЦ
ȻҶ첢δǵĳü˼Ƭ̣۾ͻȻһ
̧˫ǰʮľ
žĵУһӲӵķ¶ЩŴ˼֣Ȼ;Ȼת
Щĳ֮ʣҶͷСھǲΣһ㣬󡱽ܵϣһС۾ĶЩģͷǵľȻ⡣
ЩһЦȻֹǰĳһθоǵӵ˲ߵɫҲٴ
ȰһзĶѱٻЩĲҶΧתţҶеþ罵һ㡣
ΧһƬž˶ӣĿתضҶ죬ǲ֪һֻʹʲôʽ
עĿ֮£Ҷԭʮǰ˫ֻſһָ
ҶʼʩΧȺ²һΪҪʩչʲôͨأԭǸղŵʽ
Сӻ治ġ
ʹҪӳ
˵ĳЦУҶָһ׼ɣ֮ǰһ̧ŹĻָȥ
ͼںܿĻſ
ȻƾͼǲԽƽģԣͼڳ֮ʣҶּľ
ŰľУķĶʱͣҶ̧ǰͼָȥһȥ
зһĻϵͼڳȥ
ЩͼеЩ϶ԺзĹλͼޱҫ۵Ľ⣬ΧЩ˷׷̧ס۾ֱӡ
ڽɲǣ¡һ𣬽µĵȻ
ܿ죬âɢɵң޷״
Ͼ˲̶ͬȵĿֻţΪǶٶѾʶǰЩ
ʵҲϣЩɢһӰӻҳ֮˳
ɲǼ䣬˶һɫҲһɫķס
󷨾ȻͻˣųƿԳס쾳ǿȫһ󷨣ȻǰСͻˡ
һŲ԰׵д˾źͿ־壬ӵɵùԲ·Ҫۿе촽ڲеڴеĻڶ¡
̫ˣǰʵ̫ˣֱħҪ¡
ѵ
ĽײŵԺ𣬻ĵڵء
Ǽ̽˵Ķ䣬ǻһ顣
Щ˱ѣֵ̿ȴе˫ȾǹǦһ㣬ʹ
ҳ䶨ĸʯѾȻ޴档
Ҷ˸ǰͣ˽ŲĿһɨȺĺʶϡ
ӰһûЩľĿⷴӦѾ˺ʶǰ
ȺʶѹʱԼѱ꿸˼ϡ
ţҶķֱŸ̤նȥ
Ļкδ˹ҽ
ҶӰԶȥȴںϿջص
ɹʣֺ쳣ᶨ
ԱʽȻ׼ϡ
ֹ£սˡԱЦԱϣȻӶгͷߣǰֺȻȥ
ǧ
Ť˺Х£һ޴Ļ㵹һ㣬൱ˡ
Ƕǵһ۾һգգĿһĻ˶µֺһѺ
ۿŻͷϮֺ趯Ľһգ赭дػӶͷϵĻȥ


463 ̤
ʲôû˿ⲻѻʯ
ԣѵǡ
ڣҧȡ
Ȼʩչνʽ쾳ʽֱǷˡ
ԵؾԲΪ״̬ȫĻʩչ쾳ʽ£ֻһ룬óȻʩչбȻ⵽ɣͷСöˡ
ֹ£ס̨֣µҲɫһ䣬
㳡һƬ궯ֺľֹ˸о𾪡
ֺûһУ޷˵ĽеĽŻȥ
ǾνһʽһмΪ⣬ʩչʽ֮еģնԷʽΪáΪдԣԳٶȼ죬ǶԷʽǿĻʩչһоͼΪ˷ˡ
ԱҲֺľֹʶȻѾС
ֺĽϢش֮̽С
ɲǼ䣬һɿ񱩵ԳϷ
ǾĿ£ߵɡ
ߵ󣬳ͽȻչߵȫʱչΪʮ׳ĳɫ޽Ϻ֮⽻֯תԵ쳣졣
ֺ߾о޽΢΢ҡΣǿסκҧأȻӶо޽ŶԱȥ
Աɫһ޽ƿ磬ûüٵ񵲣޽Ϯͷ
ԼȻסһǾܻӵ޽ȥͬʱҲܿҪ
䣡
ҵײ£ԱȻɢ޽ĳ֣֮ڿ΢΢һּͣԱȥ
ᣡ
Աĳǧһ֮ʣʱס˾޽Ĺƣɾˣ绹ǱһǿĽʵѪģ
޽Ѿľֺһɫ԰ֽԱȻҲشųǿ֧ӡ
ֳžƬֺ̣һȻԱ˹ȥ֪ԼѾŲ˶ãǲ콫ԷܣǸոյĸҲͰ׷ˡ
ԷԱҧؾ˳ʧȥ֧ţܵشظԵҡҡ׹ûܼƬ̣ڵϣԷֹӵ¡ٿǰӭĳ֪ԼѾˡ
ڵ϶ϲ֮ɫѾʤ⣬ֳֳֺʤ
Աһε׼䣬ǻûڣͻȻ
ѾǰԶֺͻȻһѪ˱ǰ㵹͵Աǰ
˶ľ
žƬ̺󣬷Ůľ
ֹ£
һ˶˸̨Χֺǰ
Ͻֺעסǹɺֱײ
ֺŻһѪʶ˼֣۾˵룬ˡˡܡ
ֹ£ѾŬˣϽɣʲôҪ˵ˡǿˮο
ҲѾ̨Աߵһѣõƴ𣿡
Ƴۿ˵ֹȡ壬˾ܿɹֱ䳰ȷ
ߣҿⲻȡ壬ȡҶܵߵ
̨ԵȫԸֹȡǶҵҲ޿ɺǡ
ãǵ2Ų߸Ͻ̨ɣҲȡ˵
ʱλ׷̨Ҳ˫ԹԵ˵˵Ļһ־ʤˡ˵ţ㿴ȥʵǵ2Ų߿е
εҡҡͷҶûʲôⳡעǷܡ
ҿǷѹûν2Ųߣǰʤȫѹ֮ϡ
ǰǱȻ֪սһǱɵģ2Ųûиû𡣡
ⳡҲôĻˣԶԶûǰ㾫ʰ
λֹ¾ܹסΪҲ÷ˣԺǷƸڵĵλɵһǧɿ
Ϊôһ龧ֵֵزǲֵð
˶ΪֺеϧͬʱҲΪδʾ̾Ϣ
ȻǷ2Ų߻ûеڶֿɾ͵ǷȨˣûɣ׷ʵ
ܺܲģȴҲ޿κΣα䣬ʧأһ龧һλؾԲǿߡ
ɾҪ֮ʣȺͻȻһ󾪺
쿴˾Ȼ̤նУ
ɲ֮䣬㳡ĿⶼۼԶ̤նһӰ֮ϣ̾ȫ
ⲻǷĲһ
Ȼܽһʩչ˵زֱǾΪˡ
ƺһˡ
ȻԶ̤ձǸմӺҸϹҶ죬󾪺£ѳ㳡Ͽգ㳡ϵĹҲԿò
ɣȻǸСꡣ
ͨһֱˡ
Ҫ˳̶ȣҲеؾԲΪǣҲʵ̫ˡ
ϴĺ̻˺εǸ
ϿŵĺǺҵĲʶСɣ
ԶǽϵҲϳҶ죬ȵԵİ״ε˵ǸǸ
ȻҲѾϳˣϳ֮Ҳûˡ
ڰ֮ʣǰһ߲ϴ÷Ǹӵɣ
һ˵ͷͬȷʵһﻹǴ󷽣Ȼ÷ʥһˡ
˵ĶԻǸϤıӰ͵һˮ̲ӿۿʱ˿̣ʶԼΪǶô޴ԼȻԸ׵ľֶ𱨵¡
ؽʵôأѲΪϴκºڰɣ
һ֪翴ȥ磬Һʲô£Ҹôأ
ȻΪΪϴεºˣԱȰ˵ҲʲôˣȥǸӦûԭġ
εҡҡˣԭˡ֪Լ¸Ͳԭ¡
㳡ˣҶҲѾźѩ˸̨
̨ϴ㶵ļɨһۣȻǸʵڱǸΪмˡ˵ţֶ˵Ƿڶֲߡ
ȫһλȻ
˵ǷĲߣ
ô˵еؾԲΪˣҪȻôܻս
;еؾԲΪҲ̫˼˰ɣ
һΪ͸òǷλһǹɣ
û£λһǹǸͷһôᣬôӵ쾳ΪһʲôֶΪѡ
˵ҲǣǼλ֪֮⣬ܻô쾳ǿߡ
ѶСӵеؾԲΪҲˡ


464 
̨ϵİ׷˰ŷӦ㣬ʵλǵ2Ųߣ
ǡͷ
Ҷ콫ϵĺʶ̧㼸£סļѨλֶ˵鷳ҿˡ
Ҷⷬɽ̨ϵĲ˶һ죬Ȼϵúʶ
һɵĿ˿ʶȻҶʵλǺҵС㣿
ûոմӺץʡҶڻش
˶ɫ䣬ͬʱѾˡ
Ҷͷϵֺ翴ȥüͷæʵֹʲôأ
㿴˿ٶԵֺ磬鱯ݣֹΪǿʩչ쾳ʽɣΣڵϦ
Ҷ˵ͷߵֺǰӣȡʮöֺļѨλϣЩעһԪʱסڻҵ
ţվʵѾ𣿡
ӮһһھʣҶӺҵıˣҶֱǡȻѾ׷ˡ
ô˵ֻҪӮһ֣ⳡӮˡҶ˵
ҶǴһսӣæȰ˵ҶӣûյĻǧҪǿ
Сӣҿ쿪ɣԻǳûЦ
ʱõλĹ´Ҵϸ̨ԣڲС˵Щʲôɫ΢΢һ䣬ĿسҶϵСڳ˳
Ҳ֪ѲǰϴڻҳǸһ
˵ҶƳһۣȻת̨
֮仹вٵĶԹ۾Ҷ죬Ŀ䡣
ǲҶ쵭Ȼʵ
ûҾǲ첻򲻴ֱöһ֮ǰǱˡĿҲɱ
ãҲҲһ㡣Ҷ쳣ƽǰͲ
Ҷ̨ⷬµĹǶǴΪ̾Ųλ쾳ǿߣֵܹ򶨣ɲһġ
λ׷ҶϸһȦȻԾû˿˵Ȼ˫޹Ա°ɡ
Ҷӣʵڲǡ㲻ĵҶѵ
Ҷ˵ͷҶĳзִ磬زġ
ҲͲ˵ʲôŷһ˸̨ԱҲԻ̨̨ϺֻܿʣҶͲˡ
ԭĹ㳡˶۾Ŀ̨ϣֱ֪СǱɵģǶܺ棬СΪʲô̶ȡ
ǳһ֮ھͰǿɾ͵ñЦˡųζ˵
һ֮ڣҿλûɣ㱻СүҲڽµʱ򣬾֪СүˡҶȡǱ𽣣¹㳡ô࣬þ͵Ѹ鱦򲻵ѿɲʹá
ȻʹõϵȱΪ˹ƽҲϵȱ˵űӴȡһɫǹȻǼϵȱ
Ҷһм˵òʲôʲôʽ͸ϽˣɣҪȻ˿ûˡ
ⷬκڶУⶼִԲѵζ
Ǹˡ
òỹ֪ӵ쾳Ϊɣ
ôţıһдܣǫ̂
δҶĻŭⷬԭⲻĻ㣬аɡ
ҶҲٷϻѸעԪֱӳŲ˹ȥ
СӾȻҲʩչͺ쾳ǿ߽սֱ
Ǹ֪ߵغļһ
ΪҶΪʾ̾
Щ̾£ҶѾ嵽˲ǰԶнâҫĽֱǰȥ
мĺһͬʱǹͬҶؿڴȥԷĽԼеĳǹЩϵƣǶԷǿгĻȻܵԼǹĹ
ۿҶ컹ֱͨǰ˶һǲвأ
ǾҶ콫ҪײϳǹâʱĽԪͽȻǰչ
΢΢һһԪܡ
ᣡصײԪϣԪܲû̫ܵĳҶҲýˡ
ں˵;Уû׼ָס
һգΪ쾳ǿߵ˵ȻЩϷŭɫǹһ٣ȻҶ׷ȥ
׷;УǹעԪ׼ʩչʽҶ
׷;ʱҶĵָѾ׼ϡ
һ˿аЦԷѵ׼ˣСүҪˡ
䣬ָһ¡һ죬һָ⼤ȥ
âɫ󺧣æҵ˦ǹո׼õʽӭϮȥ
Ҷһ۱ϳ˶Էʽǰٻǹĵһʽƺԣϴǰ׽ɽ·ǸҲ׹ʱҶʩչʽȭ㽫ʩչİٻǹʽˡ
ȻǵֻеؾڵΪǰĲһ쾳Ϊʩչ׹ȻᲢۡ
âҫĳǹȻ֮ϡ
䣡
ı𣬳ǹֱӱǹԪӳ֣ͱը÷ˡ
ɻ˲ʽߵȻ˼֣ڵĳŲȥ
֮ײ˲ǰԪϡ
أ
ԪҲҲǹǿĳײ˺üͬʱһ˿â͸Ԫܣֱ壬Ȼ˿âʵԵ˺ȴһ顣
ȫڶǴľ޷Լ۾һĻ
ĹȻ˲ʽһ˺ü˭ֻֻء
ЩڣΪ𾪵ȻǲԷղʩչʽ죬˾ˣȻǵؾʿġ
㣬쾳ΪܲţǲҶʵ
žĹ㳡ϣԵ쳣˶죬Ȼþûص
쾳Ϊ
˵ԿﶼĻɣ޷Ƶʵ
ǣεķ񶨣վʵֻ꣬жʮС꣬ӵ쾳Ϊ
Ƭ̵ļž㳡ʱը˹̾𾪵Ŀ⣬ݵĿ⣬ĽĿ⣬ЩԱǴ˿̵顣
ͷڵϼ˷ǼûϵλǿصĲ߾Ȼһλ쾳ǿߡ
˵ζⳡԭѾܵıȼϣʤ⡣


465 Ծ
̨ϲ˿ĭһص˿ȴ޷ѹסǹ𾪺ͻ̿֡
ؿǰС꣬ȵľͺڵĹ㳡һþ޷ƽ
ǿ־أǳԾأҶϷЦʵ
һԻйڿ־𣿲ܣԷֻǸʮС꣬ӵ쾳ΪվҲֻǸʮС꣬ôܻ¡
ǿŵĽָƽ
ӵ쾳ΪҪսʤǲܵġ»ָţ۾ԼҪԶʤڶԷţԼܻǰʮˡ
ҵҪŻάֶáԱϣҶһ̧һö˦ֱ˹ȥ
ͬΪ쾳ΪǿߣﻹаУѸǹעԪٴʩչٻǹĵһʽƺԡ
ǹҫ۽âڿлһ𻨲кۣƫеĻ롣
ᣡ
뱻飬һԪͷųһΡ
ٶչ֮ʱԭĹ㳡ֽһ˫˫˷ܺͼ۾۾ض̨ϣ´˿ϸڡϾ쾳ǿ֮ĶսɲܹģЩ֮佻սҲٻ쾳ǿߡ
ѾƲ֮ǰ־һ˼ؽ뵽ս״̬֮У쾳ǿ߽ս˿⡣
ڻ˶Է빥ƺ󣬲Ѹջسǹǹעţֻǹǰһ̣Ȼǹ⼲˦һȦȦ𻨡
ȻǰٻǹĵڶʽǸԳʩչҶһ۱˳
ҲҶһʽһλ쾳ǿ߽ս֪ԼΪҪڶԷȻֵ൱Ϊ쾳ǿǰЩؾԲǿȫǲͬεĶ֣Ԫ֮Ҳ൱Ĳࡣ
Ԫ֮Ĳ࣬ڸ涼֣ͱҶĿǰĵָ׿ɻӳֵϵȱϵȱעԪǾûô׻ˡˣղŲϵȱʩչƺԵֵҶĵָףҲûܵˡ
˿Լǿǿ֮⣬ʩչܺʩչʽϣ֮ҲԵĲࡣ
£һʩչʽҶϽ𽣣һȻ㽫ȭʩչҪʩչһʽȭͿʱˡ
Ҷʩչȭʱ̨һ궯
ʩչʲôʽأȻ˹졣
ʽûÿһӰһ㣬㹻ʱ׼ĻӦ൱ˡ
˵ʽôأղͷŵǵâƺ׵һͽͷųģֱǷ˼
òǴİɣ˵Щ˲ܹ׷ŵ磬𡣡
û׼ܡ
˵˵ǧٹ֡
УĳǹǰһƬ𻨣ӲӣһƷ
ϴεڶԸյʱʩչǰȻΪʽʩչһеʱԱǵпһ֮ʽѾʩչϡ
ٿԷӰζȻҲ׼ʽû˿飬Ѹٽ׼õʽͷųȥ
ֻгǹһһƣдȣ
ǹһƬ𻨵ĴĴǶҶ챩ȥԱһȦȦ𻨾Ӵһ㣬ϣγ״Զȥһ޴Ľ׶Ҷȥ
Щգ֮ϮҶǰ
ʱҶȭ׼ʽۿѾûʱ׼ȥҲԥֱӽʽȭʩչ
ԷڵؾڵʽԼʽȭҲͬڵؾʽѾӦ
ҶȭͷһӰȰ㳯ӭϮĽ𻨳ȥ
Ӱȭͷ׵Ƕ֮ϣءһ֮𣬶ЩֽϮɲǼ䡰䡱Ƿűһ㲻
н𻨺ӰδȫɢҲֻʣһӰڳ;Уеĳǹ׻
һغϵĽУҶʶǰ̨൱ΪĴʽҪʱַΧ޵̨ϣ޷ķʽ㹻ʱ䡣
οԵһλ쾳ǿߣʽʱ̣ףʩչʽȭҲѽܡ
ɾˣҶûʹñϵľ׵ϾǰôҲڻܡ
غϵĽսСƺռϷ硣
ҿСز¶û׼
ǿûϻһѵҲ֪ΪȻս䣬ڱϡ
ҿװɡ
ǵܿͣΪ̨Ѿʼ׼һغϵĽ
Ҷ콫н𽣸߾ٹͷϽâţѽͽȻչ
ҲûţƽٳǹָҶ죬Ԫע룬ǹϻȻ۳һ޴Ľɫţ绨ţɫĻһƿ
һ֦㣡
һǹǶʢĽмһָһֵĽâ
ϴҶ뵶жսʱ򣬵ʩչһУʱĽâи첲һ֡ǰâԱһԷ֣â൱ۣȻҲᲢۡ
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âϮҶѸٻӽ
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466 
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Ϊѱ٣ҶҲֻȡǱɫذף鷢չһԼѾ̫ߵˣڲ򲻵Եʱ붯þ׵
Ҷȡһеǫ̇̄¹ǶǾﲻѡ
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СĹǲҪģ˵ôҪɡ
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ŵֻһеȱҶȻԷһϽбײɶ㿪˺ĽһƵ˺󷽣Ǳذչɵ߳𽣣ź豳ȥ
˵Ĳ൱Ѹ̨´󲿷ʿδܿνϸֻ̣Ҷͺգۼ任˸λãҶĽź豳𹥻
ԭ軹ĥܹ̲ٶƣԷ϶ԷٶȾȻԼ죬ⲻòн
һգܿϮĹƣ˲УӵɨȥõҶĽ𽣹ơ
ᣡ
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ЩȻϸȴ൱ķԪΪ͵ָһڴԪ
Ҷ׳öĿģֻΪ̽ԷĹԷƶһļƻ


470 
Ȼܹö̺ǿûӣ㽫ʽʩչ
һУҶϳĹ֮ǰںսλߣʩչҲ׹
ҶҲǺҵĶŹ׵
ǻ߱ΪҪΣټŵһϵµʩչ׹ҲȻǻܱġ
ȻԼϤĹҶӦҲҪһЩ
ʱʩչ׵һʽ죬еؾǰʽʩչѾһؾԲʿֵܵˡ
ᣡ
һײͬһʱ𣬺һûöĹơ
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Ҷ찵˼Բ֮ʣעԪ׼ʩչ׵ڶʽ׷졣
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471 
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Ҷȭӽβʱ򣬺ʽһ׼ϡ
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ȸ̨ĵĻɢһ͸Ӱƻź輲ȥ
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Сײ˻ϣǱıһ㣬ԶԶ
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ΪʥޣѾ൱ߣӸղǴμ򵥵ĽУѾʶǰֻë޲ͨҰޣһû˿⣬һԷһƬɫĻСϮȥ
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472 
ˣȻʹѣŭĳСڿȥŭݣ޲ҪСǧƵġ
ȻΪŭĻֻӱҧϣ˵νʧأȻŹǰҧӵĿɶһ
󣬻ŤڵСڳȥҲǲһƬɫһֻƼľһ㡣
Էƾ˵ӣСûӲƴأһ˻˻
û׷СڣʱЩջˣͣ³ƣһţһɹŨܵĻЩ˲̨
ҶϽеķԾ׸߿գȻվ̨ϣƺЩƵӰ졣
ܿ죬̨ѱһƬŨĻƸǣгֻСڷġ󡱽
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ȻûܳƵĸǷΧѾƨɺͷ׷
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ľһǡˡһ죬Сӷףһᣬ̱ڵأƱιȥˡ
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473 
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һֱֻӰϸĺǻӿӵʮͷֻϣѪ˵ͶȥЩݸ鶼Ըᡣ
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žĹ㳡ϣһ˫˫͵Ŀⶼ˸̨ǡʳŻ޺˵Сϡ
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ȻȽסҶϴĺ̻Ѿ׵ԸΣǵʱϾֻΧۣԣڴ󲿷˶Ƚ׵̾ѡ
ȻСʱ˵ԲǼͨķ
ѲǼΪ˼Ŀԡ
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̫漣ԣܷκη˼飬ҲΪ档ŵɫһҲܹݽ
ҶǰڶϵˡԵЩ˷ܺڴ
ѵһҶĵڳйһ¶ڲزסľ̾
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Ϊ֤ʵԼĲ룬̲סʵϵĿǸ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦûлشԷ⣬һѵĻӦϼβͣСߵʬ壬ϼȥ
ߣõǼϷҲҪƴһƴԼٻмŵģ߶ԷӿսڣһֱδʩչʽżֽΪԷû֮ӦĹ˵Ļмʤ㡣
СүѾѹˣȻ㲻ȰǾݹСүҲˡԱϣҶɫûԥֱ׵עԪ
ҶǼϵԪ󣬾׵Ȼŷ񱩵ɫâ
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ȻȫţҶƺܹŲ԰׵ǲļ⡣
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ߺ첽̨ҶǰЦ˵Ҷӣû뵽㾹ȾţСŮӿοˡ
ˣ¾ݺɣҶĳиǡɲٱЩš
ҲҶ˼ͷСŮӻڷʱҶӴݡ
Ҷ˵ͷֳ̨鸴ӵĺʶһۣ㱧ţһ죬ȫڵĿ֮£ſ¥̤նȥ
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Ҳǵ̾˿ԸȻȥ˵ɡ
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475 
ص¥ݣҶŸĸʰһȥȫĵطܱѣҲΪԷһ
ŮܿʰҪ˹׼ȥʱ򣬰ӽ˹ǸӣҲ֪һǹǸġ
ͷߵҶǰ뿪ڣȴҶסҪǸĻظ˵Ӧ֪˭Ǹ˵ţߵһԺСˣ
Ҷͷϳ˱ŸҲֻߵŸǰǸ
ĵĽͺ󣬷ǵûйʾͬһԵҶ൱
ȻҶ첢СǼˣȴҲԼԭΰֻݺĻῼǵԷĿԶԭǣŮΣԼߵˣǲԭµġ
ŮĹϵָܿѺã㣬Ҷ첢ûжӸ棬Ů֮ŸŮȥ
û߼˰ĽкҶ磬ллҵ
Ҷûлͷǰţû߼ٴ𣬡Ҷ磬Բ𣡶Բ𣡶Բ𣡡ſǻ
죬ҿϴģͽĵǸɡҡҶĸ첲Ȱ˵
Ӳʲô𣿡Ҷ쵭Ȼʵ
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ҲûйĨǣֱ˵˵СŮҶҷĹ˵䣬һֱעҶı飬ƺҪıпЩʲô
ȻϵԷôһʣҶıȻ˿ı仯ڹ·ҲϸĿǹ⡣
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СŮӵȻ֪ҶǿߣȻǿЩ΢ٺ»Ϊ˷ǰ̣СŮӻǺտҶܹӦҶʲôҪСŮӶģǡû˵ȥϷһƬơ


476 
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ʵҲӦϵĽףһƤʱȴЩ˿ڡ
ЩЩΡ
Ҷòæ͵Ҷӣ㲻ҪˣСŮӲûи˼СŮֻΪĸ׵Ըѡ
Ҷ쳯㿴ȥӶջʵڴ̫ĺӲͷƤ˵ֻҪһҾʹӦǷĹ
ⷬȴôҲ˵ڣҲǲƻԼڶԷĿеֻ߲ס񵱳Ҧβʱһ
һҶ콫аͷǿѹȥѵӦúҶĳͺѾ׵ַ㻹ҶĳǷĹΪС
㵭ȻһЦ˵Ҷǿ߳ҷȻΪУҲΡ
ɲҪ̫ˣ֮ǰҶԺҷ˺ݻǺܻܿѰʱɾ൱ˡҶ
ҶӴǣ鷢չһءЦƺǲ͸Ҷ뷨һ㡣
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Ҷ룬˵ʵҲǣҶĳûǷĹһҲǲóȻԵġϾҶĳǴǷսһ㣬Щ붯ӵ˼ˡ
Ҷ˵ҲмֵСŮӵĵǣ˶ΪҶ뿪ƸڲٻʱҶӵҲûЧˡ˵
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زģзҶ˵֮ǰǰ·ϣѷԸСȥӺҡԣܺӵӲġ
ȻˣСŮҲͲϹˣ֪Ҷ뿪Ƹںʲô𣿡ʵ
ĿǰȥͿЩõҩҪռҶ˵ڶԣΪеıѰѻڤƳԪѵԼʵҲͿһˡ
֪ҶҪЩҩأʵ
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û⡣ӹҶĴս˴䣬Ȼ˵Ҹ󽫻ףҶӲɡ
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ϯڵӶæµţ˵ҪףǷ˵һӣ˵ǻʱһ̡
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Ҷ컹ǵһôŮһȾƿ񻶣Щġ
ԱߵҲ˲پƣ֮˵ƾ˶õģ͸Ȳˮûʲôֻдһ˿ɬ͸ˡ
һֱеҹɢҶȥ䣬·ϣʵ֮ǰҶ˵ѧһЩҽ֪ܷСŮͨڵһξʵ֮ǰһЩ쾳ǿ߳ԹɶδܳɹҲû̫ϣ
֪ĶξأҶʵ
һμΪ޵ľСŮҲش˵ҶӣСŮξǷµġȻξ̫ϵСŮӻ¿ܻӰ쵽ؾͻƣΪСŮ˶żѵʣȴһ˳ͻƵؾ̤쾳
˵䣬ѴҶһǰź˵Ҷӣǽϸ˵ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ߽䣬š
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Ҷôһ˵ƺǿͻƵϣæʵҶӿа취СŮӽξͨ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ͨȻûģиССҶ˵


477 
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֮ǰҶĳںȻλǸŮƸڣϣܶչˣҪܵκ˺Ҷ˵
ĪҶӽúͺҵľֹΪλЩɵʵ
Ҷ˵ͷԣΪܹ֤ŸŮİȫðΪеķգǱڵΣնײ
ҶӾȻԸΪһŮӣð˴ķգȻǸ֮ˡСŮӶЩĽλҶΪˡ㿴Ҷ쳣ĸӣԼ˵Ľţܹõǰ˵İٰǻЩԼӵźһòȴòһĴԷִ򳡱øһԪɲݡ
Ҷû˵ʲôֻǵһЦһ˽Ů˵Ȼܴ֮неһЩ
̾˿ȻӦҶӾܷģҷض㾡ȫǸŮ
ϣҶҲͷˣͨ
峿Ҷǣ뿪ֱҶȥ
Ҷϣҽһҹ֮ȥ¥գӶ˶û£챻ԼõĴҲûʰ͸һ㡣
ҶվڴűߵĶǽɢɨ̽⵽һϤӰԶԶСڡ
С¾ʹܵҶͷ
ˡҡͷβͣԵúܿġ
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Сڵ˵ͷǶɽȥˡ
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·ɡҶҲī뾡ҡ
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˵ӦھصΧ򣬸˾Ž޾Ӷ࣬Ļˣʥ޳û쾳ǿ߿·Ͼ࣬뵽ʥ൱ΣյģѡƬʲˡ
Ҷϥ½ԪָӯȻŶɽȥ
ɽ൱ߣ¶ԱȽϻʵҲ̫Ҷܿʵɽϡ
ɽľïʢ޷ԶҶҲûͣǰɽȱȥ
ߵɽʱɢһɨΪɽȻЩ룬ʱ޷̽⵽ȵ׵
ǰһ̣ٴɢȻ̽⵽ȵ׵ɽ߶ؾǰʿڼľ
ҶûдݾߣǽŹľԵڻ͵͵˹ȥǱе˻ʮԶʱȡö룬˦֮˳ȥ
û˷ӦԴѾ̴˺ҲûһԵľһء
ٴɢһɨѾ̽⵽ȵ׵Ȼ˶ۼڹȵ֮С̽ƺûлָʱڴϢҶ˵Ȼòˡ
ΪգҶûмųȥɱ䣬þǷȥ٩Ǻһҹ֮ȥ¥գû뵽ȻǶ㵽ɽºҰ
ԭžɽɲǼɧƺڵϢĹؼʱ̣һܵشһ㣬ۡһһѪ
ɽ󾪺֮
źǷŭº𣺡Сӣزصģб¸ӹ
ںۻµɲǣ¡һ죬ֻһâźϮȥ
ۻæһȡ񵲣âѺϡ
䣡䣡
۵ؿֱըһ޴ĿҲըϡá

ξһ嵽˺ԣסµ
Ƭ̣ǡݡһһöԴ֮źϮȥ
ۼֿںǰһԪ
ᣡ
ԪܵײһջǽĹȫ
Ԫ󣬺մ󲽳嵽Ⱥǰ۾ŹϮƬŭȵ쵰Ͻ
ؾԲļһҲ߳Ⱥվ˺Ǿŵں󷽡˾ΪǶ֪ǰԸ˵ǿˡ
һ˫˫ֵĿ£Ҷ챳˫Ƶش˳ϹŵЦ⣬ȴ͸¶ŨŨɱ
Ǻڸèè𣿡ǰͣ½ŲҶЦеʵ൱Ƶӡ
㣬㵽֪ԼǰСĶ֣û׳֡
˵أҷɽԽ룬ǧҵɽѲɻģҶЦ
ҺҸ޲֮ΪҪϾɱ߲ѡ
Ҷһߣ˵㻹˵ⷬǺλõΪѵԽҽǸϾɱ𣿡
ԵЩ粵ӲͷƤ˵ѾȻĻˣҲɱҺҲˣαػҪͱˡ
ҲǣǾ͵÷ˣѾϵңǿԸң԰ɣҶ֪ģԵʴȱǶԼ̵ĵӦҲ˵ΪҪԼأֲŰ񡣡ɱ¾磬ĺʱ򣬾ͱĺóʱͳ֣Ҳ淨֮һ
ҶⷬЩˣҶ˵ҷȥǿǰ֧Ԯ֧ԮĿȻҪҶǱڵΣճ
ֻҪŹǣϷ֤ǺҲΪСմһ˿˵
˰ɣΪС𣿵ҵһֻͷˣһҲĵ˵ڶˣɽأߣһжǾȡġҶĿĵźպ󷽵ĺΡ
ҶɱڵĿɲ񣬺ζð麹Ҳ΢΢š
ʱ豻˲ߵͣ½ŲҶ죬Щ˵ˣһеϷԸһеŹҺá
Ҷ쳯迴ȥȻһЦʵôһͣҲ֪նݳĵɣôǵˣһԼôĺ𣿡


478 ȥ
Ϸɫɫ˶Ϸ򿴵ó㲢ɱֺ֮αģⳡɱ¾أȰ
ҶĿ΢΢һһ˿Ц⣬Ȼʶ˵ı죬ôûпҵأ
Ϸ޷һʵȴͨ񿴵ģԥ˵
ʵҶ첻ò϶Է˵һУЩȴ޹ġرЩʵĺӣͯɱᶨҲ²˺֡
ɾˣǲԷȦףһߣ˵ͷ˵ıºܸƽȥ
Ȼ˵ĻھɱϷɡƽ˵
ôԣ㿴ɱ۶ֶ˲̣һġսȰ˵
˰֣˵ֻǱɱ˫۶ѣϷţ֪ġ
Ҷ۾һУߵװһԶҵӣ㣬ҶƽɱҪɱ㣬Ƥգһ¡
㾡ܳǣϷܹ֪Ҳֵˡ˵ű۾
Ҿɱ㣬ɱǺˡҶ˵Աϣᡱһ׵Ѵӱĵа˳
Ԫע룬׵ϼ񱩵ɫâ
ϵĺյ˶ǵӣҶľ׵еֻҪԷжǱȫ
ЩӵҲֵ̿ĿɢſֲϢľ׵ס˺΢΢
Ҷո˵һжֻһսʲôɱ˫ۣʲô֪ȫһɺԡԣЩٵۣᰴԼԸȥԼ¡
׼о׵ɲǣ󷽵ȺͻȻһСкĿ
Ҷĵһͣ˳ſȥһ߰СкͲ¶Ŀʼʶǰ硣ԼҲЩ˵ĵĿԼ˵ϡ
Ѫȼһⲻļ֮ȥ֮ȴʱʱ̵̿زԼ飬ֻҪд̶ᷢ졣
Ск챻ĸ׻æסҶҲӻ֮лع
ĿЩ޹ɨе
ᣡ
׵ջص֮Уȴһܿһ۾
ΨһĻ·ԷΪҶ˵
Ҷⷬ˶üͷһԸĵӡ
⸱飬Ҷһ˵᲻ΪĻǿѡ˶ϣҲѡҵĵ¡
Ҳ֪ǶԷòˣǶһʿ˵Ϊϣֱ
һߵⲽأѴ̣ԺڣʹļףȴΡ
Ǹƴˡҧأ߷˵˵űҪӵҶȥȴ
˵ȥɡ賤̾˿֮кˮ
ԷӲƴǾֻ·һϳΪĻٻ档νɽڣûգ˾Ȫ֮£Ҳҵиˡ
ԷΪʵҲԻٵһﱻ٣ΪȻҲͲڣֻǲġ
ںĴͷ֮£ʿ׷ԷΪΪǶΨһܹסİ취ǷĻǾֻ·һ
˶ԷΪҶҲͲΪǣϾڵ״ȻᱻһԼҲ͹ΣˡȻҵ׷ɱǲɱģΪԼΪѾҵϡ
ҶĿЩɨһۣͣ˺ϡ
ǵԱס˱ҶǵйƵģ̡
˶һûȥ룬ߵһǰͣĴԹޡ
ҶĿ⣬ɫ԰ֽ촽г˿־壬ȫǰŰ̬
Ҷ׼֮ʣʶͻȻһ˺ǰҶ찧㣬Źøɡ
Ҷ쿴Ů˵мƯŮǰЩӨʧȥңʧ
ʶˮǳ˵ģԹǰˣΪ֪һжӦ
ãҶ쳤̾һ֪̾ϢԼ̾ϢǰŮˣֻĺΡ
ջĿ⣬ҶĬȻתȥƬдеɽȥ
ҶȥδһҲƣ
ȻҶ췽߳ʮףȻһö
ۣ
ںԴͨһԵڵء
ɽһžʶ֮
뿪֮ʱҶСڣԸбЩ޹ˣΪЩΪѷϣҪ뿪Ƭɽ뼸̫ܡ
һ뿪ھأصƸڣһ֣ϣǶ̸ǳ䣬ǳ׵ս
Ҷڽ߹˲˵עĿЩ˵Ŀгݺ;壬ԴˣҶѾľˡ
һվãҶ֮ҲûʲôޣǱڵΣաֻгãƸڣΪţҲΪ㣬ԼŮˡ
Ҷ̤ãϵ˷׷һ̸
С굽ʲô
òҪðɣ
ܣ˵СͷͬһӪģôõҲൽͷˡ
ã˵ûУһҹ֮ȥ¥գƸˡ
һӮһǷ󰡡
ǰԺƸǵˡ

Ƹ˵ҶֻǸפĹͣȻ·ȴһƬƣıƸڵľƣƸڵʷ̵һʡ
պƽαãƸڽθĳǷǧ󣬵˷ʷѰʷĺۼܷһҳ꣬ڴµ¼
˴ը֮ܿͣˣ˾֮ǰʱһƵ̤õĴţһ˫˫Ŀ֮£ʧ˽ֵľͷ
峿ʱ֣ɫ΢΢ҶȥǾǶ
һ糿ĳһƬԣƸڣֱЩ˳Ӱ
΢΢ƸڳŵķҶǼɫĶ񣬽ѹĶñʱʱ¡
ΪһƬĲԭԴǱߴķ綼ݺķ㡣ζ˸оȻˬЩ׼̤;˾ӣΪЩ糾͵Ĺͷȥһ·ϵķ糾ƣ


479 
Ȼʱ磬ѾŲţֵԵùҲ翪ˣΪסÿǽҪ̤;
Ƕţû£ҲûϷ֣ûд峿ûнȻ˯ĳС
Ҷһ·˼ˣڿƸڳŵһ䣬ҵƸڳǵĳվͽǰͿΪƸڵͿͽߵĻٵʱ䡣
ԭ˵õѡӦǰ׽ɽޣǿǵ̾ͻڼǾǰͿѰѻڤȴ̾׵С̾ȥ׽ɽ
ȻǰͿǴںܴյģҵӦûϵƸڣҶǾȻˡԼΪԼ̤ǵϣԺյĴ˵ҪһС
˴ǰͿҪĿռѻڤΪ˵͵£ʱʱ̴̿񣬴ñټϢΪһҲͲõҵ׷ɱˡ
ԭҶǴСڱţɺǵзıӦòΣգԼбΣأջǾСڡΪ˷ֹݱ¶Сڱʱ̲ڶ
վſŶѡԳԽʡʱ䣬ܼ;еƣ
վ󲿷ֶϾֻ̤һЩͨվȻǿġ
ΪͿǾƸĴǣԣ󲿷ֶǰͿġ
һ߽վһЩڴߺȣ⡣
ǰͿǱ۸ʵݣߣ
Ѫǧ֤֮ǰִͿ
ͿĸϽֻˡ
ͿǱһˣ̣

Ҷ첻˼ĳֻȱһ˵ߡ
λǰ𣿱Ͳһˣȥ̳ҶλСɵĳЦǰ
ȥͿǮأҶʵ
˵ĺܣֻҪ20ʯش
Ҷȡ20ʯݸ˳Ȼ
Ŀռ䲢Ǻܴ߸һΣʱĳˣҲ೤οŵλûһˣҶλ
Ϊñס۾Ҷ޷峵˵òͨ̽⵹ǿԷֱµ
ڶͷλϵһС۾ӣӵŵؾڵΪʱҲһؿҶ죬Ŀ⿴Ʋ̫Ƶӡ
мλŵһɹڵӣѵһ޺ˡһͬӵŵؾڵΪСƺһģʱǽͷӶ˽֪˵ЩʲôĻ
ҶǸͬŵλϣһʮϺֻǸû˿ΪķˣһŲѣһ¾ɵİĿСĽɨųˣǴر¸ߵӡ
Ҷߵһλʮӵ꣬òƽƽ棬Ϊڵؾǰڡ
ֱŵһʮŮӣڵΪòмƣҪ࣬ƽ۹Ҳ֮ܳΪŮ
Ϊ֮䶼̫죬ԳȽϰΨжСӺͺż˵ЩĻʱʱýĿҶ죬ֲֻĿŮӡ
ųһߺȣ˻ΣȻ󻺻
һ๾֮֨֨£ʻվ
ϴĺ̻޳󷨼ӳ֣൱ƽȣǰҡҰԵࡣ
뿪վ󲻾ãʻƸڳţϴλɶȥͿһĻ¡
ãŮͲסįͱϵС
磬ƸڵҩĹȻҪͿȫࡣŮ˵
ǵȻھرΪܱԭأ󲿷ֵĶԴУƸȻͳΪĵļɢˡ˵
ⷬҶ΢΢üͷԭͿܱƸڷḻԲŴǰͿѰѻڤͿľȻûƸڵȫ˵ɲʲôϢ
һ˼ǾȥͿͿҲǸƸڸĳУԴûƸǰḻȻӷͱӶЭĺ̻ȴҵ֯
磬ԺÿιҶҪһ档Ů˵
ɲУΪǹԹԴڼɣûеؾǺΣյġȰ˵
еؾΪиڿ϶ΣյġŮǺλ硣
ҲֻеؾǰڶѣҪΣԱ⣬չ˵ء굹Ǻ֪֮
磬δҲǵ̫ˣö˶ĻʲôΣءŮȻּȱᾭ飬֪նĲ
СĵûģΣٺڿɾˣ˵ƸڶûͿʲôء˵
ȻǰǲǿôʵıͿɴûпôʵıءŮɫЩǻǳ䡣
кãֱɲÿζеģƸʷҲǵһءҲ˷ܵӡ
ļٵأһǵһƸڣʷһεľʱŮЩɵʵ
Ȼģ쾳ǿߵı䣬Ⱳһξһ൱ˣοǳôһλţǻȥ˵Ƥš˵˵ûȷʵǲֻƵġ
磬ҪҲǸһǸöáŮӴųݺͻ˵
ɵѾͷͱٰˣľţȫ¶ҲڶôֵõءŮЦ
Ů죬˫°ͣ㽵ӣȻˡ
ĵͬʱǶҲڽͷӶ˽š
ƤǼһ￴ΪòǵؾԲǿ߰ɣСҧǺӵĶ䣬С˵ĿǽضҶ죬мǡ
ȻŶñƺͲӦòӵеؾԲΪҿֻǸͨ˰ˡ˵
ǿ˵׼ǰ̨СӿҲŲʮӣΪȴǿֲˡһ뵽ǰһսСϱ㸡𾪵ɫ
СֻǸˣʱϵġӲΪȻ˵
˵ҲǣΪԷһҿǻǱȥΪáСȻЩ衣
ҲɣģҪһƽĻҲʲôֵǮ⡣ͬ
һ׬˼ǮˡСЩź˵
˵׼㿴ұͷİҿǴʲôֵǮıӴյСӶС
СſλϺƳһۣûʲôϣ˵һģȷʵͦɵģֻǿͷҲǮˣû׼ʹŸõ롣
ɵˣؤѵ
˵ҲǡСϸһ룬ͷͬ
ֵһûǮӦвǮոǺ˵Ƹڽġ
ǵĴţƺеͷŮĳûҪ˳һѡС̰ĿƳƳǶá
⻹治ҿɺЩûпˡаЦ⡣
Ƕ˵ЦģȫûвԼѾΪ˶Է


480 
ܿʻƬĲԭǰ·᫣ǰҲͿɽˡ
ʱʱϼ䣬ǶѰǴȳʻͿɽǶɽ·ٶ֡
һ·ϣҶ춼൱İǵһ㣬һڱĿϺһھȻЩˡ
ŮʱʱԴҶ쿴ȥҶ⸱úܺ棬̲סϵСʵ磬Ҫأ
ŤͷҶƳһۣͷ˵ǲ뱩¶Լݣֻǳޱȣ˰ɡ
ҪԼʲôأѵʲô˵𣿡ŮӺʵ
νڽѣҲӱܳҵ׷ɱֻԭɡ˵ѵã⣬ܺԼˣ˵òҪȥܡ
ŶŮӴӦ
ǰٶȲǺܿ죬ִͿǵҪҹˡ
ʱǰʱ֣ѵʻһ£ѾͿɽ
ʱ죬ӺСӶһ۵˵ͷȻͬʱӴаȡ˳
ͻȻȡҶ֮˶סˡ
ǻعСѸپĳָŶ꣬вҶүĽǲ۵ġ
Сôһȣ˶ʱйҶǸϺŵɫףסİ˳ĽŮҲŵûʧɫֻֽקĸ첲Ҳ΢΢
Ҫ侲࣬ŮǱŲŲŮӻȻССʵ磬⣬Ҫʲô
ʲôȻǴˣʵʵİֵǮĶӺȵ˵ţλϺһֻ֣㻳ǰó
үŹСİɣСӻЩǮȥβءϺధͬʱİøЩ
شү£ϽùҪȻүһҲšǵһеȻʲôͬģҪȻﻹõǮ
ϺرŰԴҡø˹Ƶġ
һŭȣֱִ̽Ϻǰ˹
ߣϺ˵ӸǰڵϣĴȿ޺ү㣬кãǮСİɣЩɶС׬һѪǮ
ӹһȥӽϺһ߿ȻĵٽϽ⿪˰ǸĽᡣ
òװ⿪ȴ滹һ㣬ּһ⿪ϣͷȻһ㣬ôȻΪ˷
赽׹˼㣡Щˡ
ϺѸ˵˺ӸǰҪ
һƽ˦ɣǳٸŲһ㣡˵ţɴֱǿн
˻
һ˺𣬽һƹƹҡ죬ʯ龧ӱõİ˳ڵء
ϺæǰȥҪʯֱһߵ
ߵϺ󣬺Ѹٶӣһصʯ龧ս˴䣬ﻹֵģôʯøұƵġ
ʯ龧ܿ㱻սɴϺһĨᣬһõİǰʰ
һĻǶöһ߷߲ƽӣΣҲӣѱ
ϺǮƺ󣬺ӳҶƳһۣһ˼ڻûȥǣƹҶ죬ĿܿǶϡ
ȻԷûԼ֣ҶҲûж£ϾҲ淨˵˵ԼͬУҶȻҲûȥָǡ
ĥ䣬ϽϵĴȡȵ
ҲֻܹԹȡָϵĴ䣬ӵȥ
һϵĴ䣬
֮󣬺ӺСӶһۣϾЦ⡣
תۿǸ굲ڽŮӣЦ˵СǣͦˮûȤһأ
ⷬʱɫ䡣
㣬ǿɱŬŮ󣬲ǰһ
СӣҪνķˣҪȻүԿͷġСѵ
жѾˣ㣬ǿɲҪôߡ֪Լ˵Ķ֣겢û
үٲƣֽɫ˭ӳˮ顣СϹ̰Ц⣬ĿֱضŮӡ
ŮѾŻˣڽֵضǰӣɪɪ
ãҧأغȵ
ǴүŸˣС۾һɣһĨɫ
ҪǸһͬھġȭͷв
ͬھСһЦʲôͬھأ
ӶʱΪԷټҲԷսˣֿȭθԷƴ
ҲҪԼá
ϻȽ˵Ѿûʲôˡ
СҲѾȲˣīִӴȡһֻСƿοƿһһЩɫĩ
Щĩһʱȼɫ𣬻ѸΧӣ֮䣬Ϯ
Щû¶ȣֻȼշеѡ
ŷеڿţɫȻ֪࣬һݻ٣һҲˡ
ʺ˸ȴǰ
ᣡ
һһǰںľɢªԽسǰ
㻹ʲôСЦ⡣
ҧأȭͷŭһȭͷСӺݺȥ
Сзһ࣬ɶ㿪ȭͷڳڿռޣɴĽȻ̽ס͵һתֻ죬Ҹ첲Ѿˡ

﷢һҽУҧȭСϮȥ
Ϊս飬궼ԶԶԷڶԷǰֲһ˿ôһȭûϮԷǰػƺһӶľʹƳͨ죬
ͨ
ŶԵڵء
ɵŮڻعһ˵ǰ
СǰһץסŮӵĸ첲
ſңЩ쵰ſҡŮǲηҲѲ˶ԷǯĴ֡
ϵžʹסСӵĽҪһ㡣
٣Сӣû뵽㻹ǸӲͷСӵͷ˿ϵ꣬͵һߣһ֮Ѿʡ
ڵţѾҽС
ǲҪҸ磬ˡŮӿ
СӰĻǾ͹ԹźҸСаЦ˵
Ů涵ҡͷ
С̧Ųϣ˻ҽС
ס֣ס֣Щ쵰Ůӿ޺
ǴӻǲأСʵ
Ů޿κΣֻþص˵ͷ


481 
С˷֮ɫ˵ֱץŮ죬͵һ
˻
Ůӵѱƣ¶ǼɫոеСǶ
һĻϵŭɣͻ𣬿վҲֻڵϸɵۡ
Ůľվţɢ޹⣬Ѿ׷ֻĬĬᡣ
ŮǺǶСӺͺӵ۾˾⡣
һĭСȲؽŮӵĶǶȥ
ɲ쵽ȴһ
Ҫȥ档ҶȻ£վΪԼ˸ûʵɡ
˵ĿⶼҶ쿴˹ȥԾһţЩ˶ǲԼֻˡ
žƬ̣ҶʵСӣո˵𣿡
أҶ쵭Ȼʵ
۾һУʵôӣӢ۾ǰɣ
ֻȰ³ѣͲʵҪǱɢˣǿǺãҶĵ˵
ٹ£Ӿϲ⳵档ӰȻ˵
ҲֻǺǶѣȻǲǾˡҶ첻ΪȻ˵
ԭŮӻΪˣҶô˵ոȼһ˿ϣ˲֮
Ҷ첻ٲֵӣҲͲٴŤͷСӿȥ˵
СҲûǣ½ĿŮԲĹĵزϣʵ˿ĭһ̧ŮӵĺǶȥ
ǣҪŮӵĶǶʱˡһ𡣲ӦϮһʹĸоţֱֻʧȥ˸оĴȥ
ŤͷһֻҼһö룬Сɫһ䣬ȻҶ쿴˹ȥһţɳ֮⣬˸ö롣
СֱӽӼϰȻָ첲Ȼû˿оܿ죬ҼϵһѨλһɻš
ٴǿԿԷΪҪԼСЩˡԺ̲һµӰڸ̨ϣֳϵ״
ܣܻС˦˦ͷƲǸµӰ
Ȼ֪СЩ뷨ҶʵСӣҿǴҲǰɣ
ûһֱû𣿡Ҷʾ޹
ոնöģ㻹˭յ
û׼ǴӳءҶ˵
㶪ģˣָҶŭȵ
Ҷʼ˵ðɣȻ϶ҶģǾ͵Ҷĺˡ
ȻˣǾݹӲˡ˵űȡǱ󵶣ҪҶ֡
ȻСӸϽȻյСѵСӲ򵥣ղö̺֮ŻֻΪҪʤҡ
Сⷬ΢΢һĳҶ쿴ȥ
ٿԷɫӣҲûðȷգջش䣬һ˵ˣξĹ㣬ҪٻӺ£ǾݹӲˡ
˵ţֻͷС˵㿴Сӡ
СӵС۾һգգضҶ졣
תߵŮӸǰϵЦ̧Ůӵ°ͣ̾һƯС˵ɿ֣Ŀ·ŲȥܿŲŮٿλϡ
СǣͦõԲĹĵָһ൱аЦ˵˵űȲŮӵٲץȥ
ûִŮӵͷͻϮһʹŤͷȥϲšܿһǿ壬Ҵ
ƺһȻۡһһѪŮϣǺɫСǶǽֱۺͲӡ
ŮӾһ˺˳ϡ
ƤСӾתӲס
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С˿ĭź£ֳ˳һԷ㶵ŮӣϧͲġ
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㶵ŮӱĲҽѡ
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ոպйҵ壬ܿ㽫ҵ˸κˡҲǺ׵˵
̫ˣ磬һǶж񱨣ƱŮϲ˵ƺѾԼŶǶѪ
ôأһĳλǰ˳־ǡĳҶ쿴˹ȥȻʮֿ϶ǴӶԷ⸱翴м˵̬
ǲǶԷ֣ȻԷ㱩¶ݣȻýҴ¡
ջĿֺݺݵӵһۣҲûǰȥҪߵĴ䡣
ٿŮѪܵӣӵʰǼ˺ѣ˲ϵѪգȻԼϵŮϡ
صϣָֻƽ
ŮӾ껳ӻɪɪһµӡ
ҶǸϺͣĨۣﴧǸ˺õİʱʱĻߵӿȥĿг
⣬ɫѾ˻Ƶơ
ԹԵĸ·ڳ鲻ŲʣƺѾϰΪֲˡ
ʱʻͿɽصһɽϣɽ᫣·Ҳǿӿݣ൱ڳ͸ִƵġ
ãʻɽǰ·ƽҲƽࡣ
ʻƽ·βãͻȻһɵζ
һʼû̫⣬ܿæŮѵãϽס
ôһСͻȻЦѾˣŵ˵Ѿжˡ
㣬붾ǣ̿ʵ
ĺˣⲻʲôĶҩֻὫڵסǵؾԲǿҲⲻˡСӵЦ⣬˵䣬Ŀ⳯Ҷ쿴˹ȥȻ´˶ĿΪ˶ԸҶ졣


482 
ƺҲ˶Է⣬ɫʱЩѿȻ֪ȶԷλ֮󣬱ȻٴνԼá
ߵҶǰȡǱ󵶣ָҶЦСӣǶµ³
ҶƽضţûӵĻûзĵһ㡣
ƤĪҪϻֱӿ˱ǡСƺҶʮּɻ䡣
Ҳûٷϻעһ˿ֱҶԴȥ
һĻ˶ŵɫףŮӸǾű۾ƺ뿴Ѫȵĳ
Ȼһ룬Դûд˺ӵĲҽ
ѵǵڳ﷢Ĵ
ŮӲۿȥֻ˫ֱԴҽԵüΪʹӡ
ûƬ̣Ѫ̱ڵӲͣĳ鴤ţѾԶ
СòŷӦƤһ˵˺ǰûֶܼñ㳹׶ˡ
СֵҶ쿴ȥԾûпԷ֣ţһǶԷڰеĹ
뵽ԼղµĶԽסؾԲǿߵ˵Էܻǡ
뵽΢΢ĿԣСʱ¶˾֮ɫԽԽ϶ǰһǸֳϵĿֲꡣ
ʶΣգСӻæųԾȥƴ롣
Ҷ첢ûֹݳɲǣͷһĲҽС
ٶȻָžֻʻĿ֨֨죬ӵʬڳųĵһһġټѪĿŤ˵ġ
ŮջǴһ˿־Ŀ⣬ӣꡣ
ıοѾûˣǶѾˡ
Ϻһӵʬ壬һö䣬һҶ쿴ȥһֲ֪ӡ
꽫ŮӰοһ󣬱ȥӸǰӣӺժö䣬ӵʬ壬ֱӸ׳˴⡣
˺ӵʬö䣬ЩԥĳҶ쿴˿ǹǰȥʵǰöҪ
ϺǵضĴ䣬ӣ޲ǰƵġ
ԷûзӦҲͲٴʶȤڱٿϺǽ飬æϼңģȵ˳ö֮һЩǮġ
ô˵Ϻл
Ϊ˱ֳƽ⣬ߵλϣϺ̸
ŮӺָܿƽѣͷ͵͵Ҷ쿴˿г˺棬Ȼһ˿η塣
·ʻúȣɫڡ
Ϻһ򳵷ʵ򣬻жõִͿأ
ͿˣǰϿˡش
꾭·Ȼֻ֪ҪϿȣǾͿҲûԶˡ
֪ҪִͿŮ¶ϲ֮ɫΣԺǲٸȥƸˡ
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ʻƬ̣ͻȻһߺȣһ˻һɲͣ
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ҶԸоԼһ޵ĶѹţҪһѵĳ嶯ڻ
ŮӻŻŵҶ𣬸ϽǸŶԲ
Էƺûŭӣһ
ʱ𣬡ǰϿȺµľʯסˡ
Ҷɢһɨ糵ԣǰһվĴϿһʯµʵʵģû취ͨ
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ǰϿȿżյƣͣżһȺ˾ۼڹȿڴʮֵӡ
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ҶƵߵϿȿڣֻǿʯ֮£һؾڵĴ󺺣һ޸ʯȥ
䣡
ƵײϿ֮м߳ĻȻʿһȥȻֻһСʯЧʣϣҲôһʯ
ʯ治һӲµؾԲǿҲһ
ɲǣȥҲƵͿǱ쾳ǿ߹Žʯġ
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Ԫ󣬸ʱâţ̺Ľϵȫ۳Ϊһʮ׸ߵľ޴𸫣ҫ۵ĽâΧյһƬͨ
һĻЩ˶¶˾ɫǰ𸫲ǸͷҪǴ󺺼ĸߴϸҪǿʮ
ѵһλ쾳ǿߣӰǶ¶֮ɫ
ΪԾĻǶã֮ǰǶҶ֣ҲʵһȻ̾ѡ
ٻ֮ǰС˵ĶԶԸؾԲʿȴûܶλЧһ룬ҲԽ϶⶷кܾܿλ쾳ǿߡ
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ΧϿȿڵЩʶΣ룬ȴǶǰһƬĻЩӭ漤ҶĻ
䡱ײϿ쳹ͣ
֮ʯ䶨ϿҲڰ
ҶͷҲصĽĸͷһ˦ͷŸڴ󺺸ǰᡱһڵϡ
ǻعʱҶӰʧ١
ԽϿȺҶûټͿǰ˳Ͽҵһεɽ꣬׼ȽΪ쾳
׻ĸ£߲ݵ죬Ϊڽ׵˶쾳
һ쾳׵쾳ԪһС粽Ҳһ֮Ľޡ
ǵϴǳӰʵ̫Ϊ˶ҵߣôСϵǲʩչˣξ׵Сڶòصúõ㣬Ȼȭ뻹зķҲΪΪЩʽʵ̫⡣
Ȼ󲿷ʽˣȻȥѰһЩµʽϴһսУҶ鵽;ѧȥһľѧ˳ٸ׵
峿Ƭɽ꣬ƻãų𣬵һƹͶڹߵ£Ƭʵӫ⣬ʱӳŽƵĹΣʱû߲ʺ⡣
̵ˬĳڶˣžӨ͸¶һһعţƤĺƵĴҶϹ䣬˲ݴԣҲҲӰ
Ҷ̤ų¶ǰͿǡ


483 ӭ
һ·ϻУִͿſڵʱɫѴſڳˮҪƸࡣ
֮һɷ󣬲˵ֵҪƸһвʻţ˸ﲻ
Ҷ콫ɢһľ룬㲻۾ȥҲܹظ֪ΧĻ
ǺҶ·һձ̯λǰձ˳̯壬ӶЭôߣ
ˣһͿ𣿡̯ʵ
ǰҶӦ
˳ֵһ·ȥܿˡ̯ش
лˡ
ǮҶձһ߳ţһ˳Žֵǰȥ
ձҲ֪ϣζ൱
Žֵϰ죬㿴ӶЭӰ
ͿӶЭ濴൱ɣǱƸڴ˼ɾˣ滹ļˡߵУӶЭȻ𱬵ĳ
ҶĨ˰ѺҲֻӲͷƤＷȥȻͿԴûƸڷḻôҪѰѻڤҲֻӶЭˡ
ƸڵӶЭһĳͷҲǷֿġ
Ҷ˾ţ֮㼷񷢲
񷢲ȻûͷǰӵÿǰҲŶӡƸڣҪһSSڣҴǰȻһڷ񡣵һԿͿȷʵҪƸڷࡣ
ĿĴSǰɨԺ̲ǸаŮǿĵǸĪЩп
ƲЩ˼ֻSSǰĹ˿ѾȥҶ첽ȥ
ԣǰŮӻҪƯһЩĹϹڻĵЦݡ
ǰкηԸŮֽҶȫʵ
ҶԻζƬ̣شҪչҩĵ񡣡
ǰҪչʲôҩģŮʵ
ѻڤҶֱӻش
ѻڤŮüһ壬Ҳûζҩ
Ů飬Ҷһ˿ϣһ룬ԷSSڵķԱȻЩϡеҩѾ൱˽⣬Ҳû˵ѻڤôϡ̶ȿɼһߡ
ȻҲųĿԣҲζҩĵдֻ˵ζҩȫɲóҩôЩû˵ҲͲΪˡ
ε̾˿Ҷ˵ǻҰͺˡ
û⡣ŮˬӦű㿪ʼ
ڰ;УҶѵǰʵҪչϡģȥƸڱȽϺʣͿ˵ҪȫһЩ
Ҷ캹յҲŸոմƸڹ
ô˵ǰƸҲûռζҩˣŮʵ
ţҶ򵥵Ӧ
˵ǰҪζҩĻͦġŮ˵
Ҷ룬ʵ֪ȽʺѰҩ𣿡
ӶЭ֮ᷢ⣬ǰȥĺ̻תһתֻȥ۱һŮӸ֮
۱ʲôģҶʵ
۱ӶЭῪ裬רŴչ챦ⳡŮӻش
Ҷ˵ͷʣҪôأ
ӶЭءŮӻش
Ȼڶ棬ǴȻȥתһתˡ
ŮӻڰҶûŮͿЩأȻ֪ͿãЩϢǵ˽ġ
СС٣ӶЭĺ̻֮⣬Ӧ˼ҺͿѧŮӻش
˼ңѵǹ鸽ĺ̻Ǹ˼ңҶ׷ʵǵõɶǴУһԱýǿ磬˼ҵˡ
ǰŮӵͷӦ
˼ռƬأҶʵ
ͿɲƸŶռֻ̣ڳ¢ĳЩҵ󲿷ֵķݡ¥˼ҵĲҵŮӼ򵥵Ľܵ
ԭˡҶͷ׹
ʱŮһЩϺһ鴫ݵǰ˵ǰѾˡ
Ҷ콫ЩһԵս˴У֧Ѻתȥ
߳ӶЭֶ濴ȥȻһ൱Ĵϣһ˶ңͷɷĵ֡۱󡱡
ŶԽɫΪɫ̻Իͣ۱൱䡣
Ƭ̣Ҷ۱ȥ
۱ڵװҲ൱ĻɫȻΪɫЩǽڡչ񡢵ƹȫΪɫȥֱǽӲһƬذҲǽɫ͸ЩƵġ
ҶЩĳžͽչȥ
ǰʲôҪ𣿡̨һλɫеŮЦʵ
û;ѧأҶʵȻΪѻڤÿ˳㹺;ѧ
ȻпƷȫǸߵϡ֮ŶȻǮҲǱȽϰġŮش
Ůشڼ䣬Ҷɢ򸽽չ̽һ飬ЩչȫЩؾıҩƷʶ൱ߣгȷʵѹĵֻɨ棬δ쾳ĵҩ
ЩؾƷɣҶЩɻʵ
쾳Ʒȫڶ¥ŶŮ͵
лˡҶлתҪߣŮѵǰͨ¥¥ݿнƣֻ쾳ǿ߲ȥŶ
֪ˡҶڻشʵղŽɢʱ򣬾Ѿ̽⵽¥ݿֻǲ֪Ϊġ
Ҷ쾶ֱ¥ݿߣ̨ŮЩ죬ΪӶԷ¶İ˵Ӧͦӣô˻쾳ΪɵģЩɻܿõ˽
ֻ¥ݿһǸɫӰĴԽƣ¥ȥ
һĻŮԾصƯĴ۾
ŻƽӲӵ̨ףû˶¥
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ΣҶҲֻܿ׵ĸ֪ǰΣǲ¶ġ
û߼Ҳһӵǰӭ١һ󼱴ٵĽŲٱƽ
ܿһŻ½ӣҶĸ֪ΧӱҶ߳ͷıȽϿ࣬һŹźƵЦ⣬һƽ׽˵ӡ
ҵƹ񣿡ҶʵӵӦòǷԱοӵŵؾԲΪ
ҲΪҶòһδ˿ʧ񣬺ܿعǺЦŻشǣ֪ǰк󣿡ȻԷܹԽߵ¥ǱȻ쾳ǿߣܶԷᣬǰҲǳھ⡣


484 ѧ
˵רϡ֮֪Ƿѻڤֻۣ˵ƹǷ˵Ҷֱ˵ʵ
ѻڤü˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ¹ªţû˵
Ҷ׼ҲûʲôźģţʵǹϺõ;ѧ
⵹Уǰ̸ɡҶơ
Ҷȥ¥չ̨ǳʰΰڷţ¥ݿһ֮⣬һչ̨չ̨ΧɵڣһŸ輸ʣӦڽ˿ľ
˿ľľн˿ľõһ֣ľеĽᾧԶͨľʵǶ¹ۿɼǿҹ߷䣬財Թ˿ľǻʼרľģһרڻʼҹĽͼҾߣŴ⽨αҪѡý˿ľ
ǰŲ輸ѡõȻʽ˿ľȻɽˮﻨƣȲľ൱ټҲԿ۱ݻɡ
Ҷһľһɢ衣
²ʵ֪ǰҪѧأ
Ҷһ߶һСڣһϸ룬²豭˵ǻϵĵȻҪ׵ġǵ׾һ׵Ǿרһϵѡ·ߣѡܹʿĻϵ
ɵ굹м׻ϵͻϵ֪ǰҪֵȽ׵ģϸʵ
ҶҲشϳ˾ѧĻݹɡѧͨȻҪʱ;ҪĻȻϳ˵ġ
ǰԵȡ˵űվ̨߽ȡһľӡ
ľӰڲ輸Ϻ£˵ϵϳ˵ѧɵֻһףͲ֪ǰǷ񿴵ۡ
Ҷľӳһۣʵƹɷܽܣ
׻һѧһ㣬һ֮ŭʩչȫȼŭϵڶΪ֮Լ֮һʹеĻϵû̬ȻǾޱȡӼ򵥵ؽܵ
ݶԷĽܣԿ׻ϴκʩչľмƣߵһöֻǼӳ״̬ѡҶ첢δϵ״̬;˵ͺô
ûҶ쿪ڣѵһ˵ϳ˾ѧĵһ㶼Ҫ쾳ΪԷᣬöԷӵ쾳ΪԲѡ
쾳Ҷüͷһ壬治֪ơ
Էôӣӱϸܵһ˵ѧʽģʽֻ㡢Ų֣ŲѧͳһΪϳ˾ѧѧ֮³ˡгˡϳֵ֣֮ı׼Ϊϵƣ³˾ѧֱҪһǡǡǵΪг˾ѧǶǡǡǵΪϳ˾ѧǡǡǵΪھ쾳Ϊ׻ÿһ֮䶼Ǽʮ꣬Щ쾳ǿ߻ѡײͬεľѧһ
Ҷͷ׹Լж쾳ΪҲ˵ֻ³ˡг˾ѧĵһ㣬ֻѡŲѧ
һ˼ҶʵǹǷоŲѧأ
һףֻ׾ѧʮ⣬Ϊѣǰλ쾳ǿ߹׾ѧΪɣԶ˻ˡ˵
Ŷƹɷϸ˵һ˵ҶЩʵ
׾ѧΪٵڹʿµһؾ֮У׹֮ڣΪŲѧʽȴֻһС
ֻһУγΪŲѧأҶӵĻɻʵ
˵ֻһУһпԻûʽ׾ѧĹʽǽлϵɢڿ֮Уʱ۳ɵ𹥻öַʤΪһ쾳Ϊֻ۳һѵǵĻ۳ŰѵҲ൱һоʽϸؽ˵
Ҷ˵ͷʵ׾ѧǳںأ
Ҳ˵ѣʩչʽʮѣҪɢڿеĻϵ۳ɵҪǿľǶ쾳ʿҪ۳һѵҲʮѡӻش
ôһ˵Ҷʱ׹ȻЩɢȥĻϵҪþٿأ粢İ취ҪٿصĹѧҲʿԵˡ
Ҷ쿴һҪľĹ൱ģѾö⣬Ҫ׾ѧ
֪׹ʲôλأҶ첻ɫʵ˵ֳļ߾ѧǵٸ߼۸Ҳ߲ȥ
ĪǰҪ׾ѧԲʵ󲿷ֹ˿˵׹ȱݺǹѡٻʼ۸
ȿ۸˵ɡҶ첢δֵúҲΪ˷ֹԷûۡ
δſۣ˵ǰ׾ѧһȽ⡣
˵˵Ҷƽ˵
׾ѧһ֮׵ǰĻͱͬʱǼӻش
û⣬ô߼ʲôأҶʵ
ǵ׾ѧԣԾ͸ǰ100龧ļ۸ˡ˵
100龧Ҷ̲ѿھȵ֪Щѧļ۸ȻƣҲûϵߵ̶ֳȡȫҲ1龧𶼲
ʵ۸Ѿ൱ʵˣΪ֮׵ǼϵȻϵһϵҪ100龧ļ۸񣬸οǻϵءӽ͵
ҶЩΣȻԷѿ100龧ļۣôҲܻ1龧׹λʵЩ
ǵ׹ԣһٻ˹Ҷ쵹Ҳ£취ǮǮٹ
۸⣬ֻ֮ǰЩƷûôǮҪƹȸţҹ򡣡Ҷ˵
Ȼû⡣ˬشӦʵǰǷҪƷ
ʱҪˡҶ˵űǵҾˡ
ǰߡ͡
Ҷת¥ݿȥʱ¥ͻȻһˡļٽŲûȴƹģƹģСֲˡ
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ͷĻüͷϽҶ˵ǰе˽£ˡԶ͡
Ҷһæӣʵƹ񣬸ոλ˼˵С㲡֪ʲôأ


485 Ů
Ƭԥ̾˿һ˿˸˵СŮЩ⣬ʱᷢǷġ˵£Ͼ֮ɫ
ǧԵĲǺȾϵĲҶʵ
СŮΪжʹʧӻش
ȻԵļҶаٷְٵİտκãǱ˵ƹ񣬲֪ԸԸף
Щɻؿ˿Ҷ죬ʵǰ˵˵
ҿκǧĲҪǰ׷ٵ׵Ҷɫ˵
¶֮ɫȻǲҶܹκŮĲƬ̺ѵǰ֪СŮڵĶͷ֮Ув²УԾӶЭ쾳Ҳ޲ߡ
ƹ˵ЩҶҪǧһɣûʮİգұ㲻֡ҶȻʮİգϾϵԷŮİΣԷȻһİ˳ơ
Ҷôһ˵˼Ƭ̣Ǵһ˿εͷӦȻǰд⣬Ǳɡ
˵ţӱҶ¥ݡ
һ¥һСţӴҶԺûŮ
ҪҪҪɱңҪɱҡ
һƹƹҵײ֮Ķˡ
ӳ̾һͷҶ˵СŮʱ⸱ĪԣǰЦˡ
ƹˣνҽ߸ĸģƹʹҲǧʾͬ顣ҶᵽԼҽҲΪܹġ
ҶȻЧˣЩԾʵǰĪ㶮ҽ
ԷϹҶаЦȷʵƽʱ֮ϾһЩҽԶҽҲмּ⡣
ҶĻش۾һΪ֮һٵòԺʿȥҽ֮ǰļλ쾳ǿҲǶҽһϲͨǰ˾˵Լҽû׼ϣκŮĲ
ǵЩЩжڴ˵ǰǾСŮúÿһɡ
ƹģֻҪһ˿ϣԵ߾κǧ𡣡Ҷ˵
˵䣬Ѿߵǰ˷š
Ÿմ򿪣һľʷŸͷ롱Ϯۼֿ죬Ѹ̽ץס˵ʽš
ҪҪɱңҪɱҡŮֵĴܵ˴ϣ㵽ǱԴɪɪ
£ҴƲˡϧȰο
ҪҪɱҡŮԴҡţƺܺµӡ
̾˿εسҶ쿴ȥ˵СŮһһʱǺתˡ
а취Ҷ˵ţһѸٳ嵽˴ǰȴϵŮӦ̽ץסŮ
ҪҪɱҰŮ
ҶƬ֣˻صſڡ
ǰСŮΣӴΣŵʵǶԷҲشûȵĻҲͳ׾ˡ
ǧͷ֮ȷʵһɼΪǿĶأǵʱδɾġҶ˵
ԷӶپϲæʣȷʵˣǰо֮
ҿԽͷһ˿ж֮ǰ˵Ǳʽף֪ƹǷӦҶʵ
Ȼû⣬ֻҪκСŮ˵׾ѧٹصƷҲԸϵ˵
Ǻãȥ׾ѧ׼ðɣǧҽΣҽڼ䲻Ҫκ˽ҶԸ
Уȥ׼ӴӦһæתȥ
Ҷ߽ڣϷţ첽ߵ˴ǰ
ӸղŵŮõԾ񲡣֮вĶ¡
ҪɱңҪɱҡŮȻԴͷɢĸòΣӦʮʮ֮䣬ʱŵ˯˯㣬ƺո˯ѵӡ
Ķλڴ޷ʹͨоΣΨһİ취ʹơ
Ҷϵ£Ůͻ˯ȥ
ţҶ챧ڴƽϵҷݻͦģӦʮӡ
ƯһСŮǷһӵĻʵ̫ϧˡ
̾һҶֽ⿪ŮѣΪӵΪʱ״̬ԷųóȻʹԣǻ൱Σաԣ֮ǰȽڵƵ֮У
ƶƼƻƿͷϵĶñȡö룬סŮϼѨλţץ󣬾ǸѼһ㣬Ͻ֮СҶĿǰΪҪһȻ׾ٵģ񵱳̱ʱǰ
ŮһöסŮĵѨЩȫ֮ڡ
Щ׼Ů룬̧һöŮڣʽҲչˡ
ŮڵĲжصúǱ׾پ͸ˣĽЩظ翹ɽҶ˺ô󷬾
ʵЩصҶԣͲֵһᣬֻǶŮĴչֽţҲ쾳ǿ޷Ƶԭ
ƹ̴ųʮӣЩҶĳ֮£ɾȫƳ⡣
ջҶľɳս൱ľġΪƹбʱ̴ʮֵľ񣬶ĲٿҲú岻ҪȻвأ֯ңһ㶼ǲġ
ŮѨöҶָ̽Ůϵ£Ů˹
ǰİӣŮһ󾪻š
Ҷվñ˵£βġ
Ůû˵ȻܺµӣӦѾָˡ
Ҷûٶ˵ʲôת㳯ſȥ
⣬صȴţһҶ쿪ţæڴʵǰСŮĲκˣ
ѾˣԼȥɡҶش
һ¶ϲɫæ
ӽţϵŮϲõؽл
İϤĳƺټϵŮһӣӵۿʱ֮Щʪˡ
㣬ĲѾ𣿡˵䣬ӿ첽ߵǰϸŮ۲
ǵʲôأҸо֮ǰļ䶼ģŮüͷʵ
Ůô˵ҲԿ϶ĲȷʵѾˣۿˮ̲ûˣѾûˣȥ¾ͲҪȥˡ㲡պãºúϢгϲԵĵعࡣ
ţŮ˵ͷŤͷſڵҶ쿴һۣȻڴȥ
ŮǺñӣſȥ


486 ٵ
߳䣬˷ţмҶ˵ǰĴԻرǰԺʲô󣬾±ǣ¶ḰԱĴ
˵ֻһ׶ѣƹ񲻱ض񡣡Ҷڵ
ӴȡǱѧһֻиҶȥǰҪķٵٵ
ӵǸҶüͷɻʵƹôֻиأ
Ǻǣǰ֪ѷٵģֻҪעԪеĻϵ۳ɵһԡӽ͵
Է˵Ҷ컹Щˣӹ˵ǱѧȽѧսУȻ𵶱ϸع۲
⵶̺֮ȷʵһϵ
۲Ƭ̣Ҷ쳢עԪ
Ԫע룬ϻȻһһ׶೤ĳ׵⵶ȻɵڵĻϵ۶ġҶĿǰΪ޷ȫϵ̺Ļϵ
һҶص˵ͷ޵ȻǼص
Ǻǣǰϲãǰպ׷ٵѵĻû¿Իѧ൱ȳ˵
ǾͶлˡҶڴӦ
ӦõģӦõġЦǺǵ˵
Ǿˣһ£ˡҶǡ
˵ţӱ㹧İҶͳ˴һֱ͵ſڡ
뿪۱Ҷڸһõס£ڳ˵ȴѻڤ֮⣬Ҳûбˡԣõһߵȴһо׷ٵ
䣬ҶȲĽٵȡ˳ʼϸо
ͺλƹܵһ׷ٵͷβֻܹһ㣬ԭǽٵеĻϵɢΧ֮СȻʱþЩϵ۳ɵԵ˷ͻϮ
ʽƱǿԴκηλ䲻ķ𹥻ͲױԷʽ
ȻŵͬʱȻҲȱڣҪЩɢڿеĻϵҪĴҲˣһʿźʩչʽ
Ҷ˵ʲô⣬ȵý׾ѧķ͸һ֮㾲Ŀʼķ
ʱ֣ģҺɽһƬݵϣҶСţɹ̫
С裬˵ʦȥأҶʵ
أСҡҡ䣬ĻӦ
ʦòǶ˼ңһܻȥ˰ɣҶǵ
СԾӦһ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱҵʦ֡Ҷ鰦̾˵űӲݵ
𣬺ԶһӰŻŴܵһô׳ɺ󷽡
˭أҶʵ
Ƭ֮ɺ߳һ꣬ɡ
ô㣿ҶЩƵʵ⼸ܸоһƵ겻ɢ
ɸЦ͵Ҷôɣǰɽأ
ʲôأҶʵ
⡭һתǺһЦ˵¼Ҷɹ̫Ҷ㻻·أûϸ߾ͱҶ￴ˡ
Ҷ齫Žɵس˳˵ˣҪˡ˵űСȥ
ԭأҶıӰ֮ɫ
ܷٵֻһķΪһ׾ѧȻҪЩͨࡣ
ʮʱת˲ţʮҶ㲻Ĵڷзٵ
ǿĸ£Ҷپˮɵĸо̶ʮʱ䣬ѾŵķҲѾмˡ
оԼѾ죬㿪ʼѵ
νǱǽɢڿеĻϵ۳ɵ
ȻҶɲɵⷿϰϾϵɢڿбȻ¶ȣһû׼Ͱùݸˡ
װҶ뿪ùݣȥһƧϰ
ųǱһ·ȥ·ĺ̻ſڵʱ쿴ĺ̻űߵĹһ˶ĸʾͷдÿһεᡣ
Ҷʾϵݿ꣬ȻżǰߣѴμεᣬϣܹչѻڤ
ʵҲ֪չѻڤϣǻʮãӶЭѾʮ죬ȴûһ˿Ӧ
ҪͿҵѻڤĿѾСǹǲӦȥһˡΪĵ۶ǵҩӦΪȫҪʵҲȥĺ̻һ˳㻹ȥǧǧСѾͷ
˳ϤֵҶܿ뿪ͿǱţȻ㳯һƬСɽ뱼ȥ
ɽУƫƧһͺͺСɽͷʼϰ
ȡٵ򵶱עԪܿ죬ɫĵ۶ʱڻ¯֮յͨĵһ㡣
ɣҶѸٽٵķͬʱעһƾ
ķУֻɫĵӵ⴦ʼһ·Ѹɢɵǻʧڿ֮СûƬ̣ɢһգҶֻʣ˵̣һַٵɻҵĸо
Ϊ֮ǰע˾Դ˿ɢΧĻϵȫںҶ΢һЩϵҲͲʧȥˡ
ٽһʽҲþΧЩϵ۳ɵͣΪؼһͬʱҲΪķѾһ衣
źǣһεʧܸգʧԭΪûаպĽࡣ
ţֿʼڶεĳԣŰܣŰԣ񵱳һ㡣
ʱܿȥԼҹϰǳţѾ۳һ׵
ҶĿǰ쾳Ϊܹ۳׵ֻѵѶҪһѸ࣬һ˼Σʧܸա
Ϊĺ̻Ὣٰᣬʱ֣뿪ɽ룬ﱼȥ
Ϳһ֣ҶȺ֮Уɢľɨ·ˡ
쾳ǿ߶ؾԲʿǲ
ЩؾԲʿΪԪҩĶؾԲܹ̤֮࣬쾳мΡ
ɲϣǶôãǶ٣ǲ͵ıѰ٣ͺҶѰѻڤһ־ǲ׶ҡġ
ÿµʱĺַ̻Ƿǰμʿܹ᳡ȴֻһСˡ
ΪҪƱܽһ㣬ҶѾڹ˽⵽֪쾳ǿǿƱ볡ġ
ʿǼԴ볡ƱʱҶյĳ᳡ȥ
᳡ſ˰أΪſڴнƣͺ͵۱¥ݿڵĽһֻ쾳ǿ߲ſʿƱӦþǴԽſڽƵƾ֤


487 
Ҷ᳡ʱ򣬻᳡Ѿ˲ٵˡ
þһɨ־Ȼλһ쾳ǿڣͷ׵ͷ
Ҳû̫⣬ֱźŵһȥ
һλűĵȴûЩ½ʿԹԵ˷ٵ
ٵķȽֱӾЧʣһͺȭһԽٶȾԽ졣
ķ᳡Ѿ᳡Ҳ֮ܿҪʼˡ
Ҷֹͣþһɨֶһλ쾳ʿǸͷѩ׵ͷ
᳡ﳳµģǲгһ㣬ʿǶڲ²ŽĿòʺѹƷı
ûã᳡ǰ̨ϣ߳һλźɫ۵ոŮȣ欣·ڣҡҷˣ֣ɰ̨Щǿÿˮ
Ůĳ᳡һ˲䰲һ˫˫Ŀע£ߵ˸̨룬һͲģĶ˵ӭǰμӽյᡣ
渶žĻ᳡ﴫɽвʿԡ
Ƭ̣˿ЦµСˣòǽĿòʰɣ
һڼ1龧Σ
ҳ2龧

ʿǷ׷
̨ŮһЦ˵ŶСŮӽ㣬ǽʦŶ
С˼ȻʦǾ˳ԼҲ˰ɡ
ǰ϶ĸüۡ
ôƯʦɾ˷ˡ
Խ˵Խףɰ̨ϵ˵죬̬ڡ
лλǰĺ񰮣ǻǽ⣬ʼյɣǰ֧Ļͻ뾺ۣѼ۸̧øһŶϽת⡣
һһ
ðԼˣҿ϶뾺۵ġ

Щһ仰ϱУ᳡յǱ൱Ծ
ʿ֮ʱһƷѾһλŮӴӺ̨
͵ɳһƷһɫϣϷһɫӣüΪء
Ʒ˳᳡ϾҹĿΪ˲μᣬǵŮ
ƷڵϺ˵ĵһƷѾ̨һЩϹ˿ӦöеĿòһǼΪƷֻʲôأ
ʵҶѾ̽⵽˽µƷ˵һƷ
ӣӣҪǰүƼˣŲүǿ㡣
ϽСˣٲƸӣҿҪȹˣ

·һЦ˴ͷĻЩջû׼ɳ
ǺðɣСŮӾͲθˣĵһƷ󲿷˶õһҩŶ˵ţ㽫ǽ
֮̨
Ǻ
Ǻ
ȻǼƷ
ǽһԪҩİɡ
˷׷϶кͿɫЩ˸ǵӣֱض̨꺵ǼҰ޶һ㡣
Щؾʿڳλ쾳ʿҲһԾԾԵӣ񣬽ľ쳣ļҡ
Цӯӯؿ˵ûһ꺵ҲԪһζҩģҩҶϤˣҲͲҪСŮӽˡ
ŮϻˣϽ۰ɣ
ǰɶžء
ðɣ꺵ĵ׼1龧ÿμӼ۲õ1000龧˵
ǰɣ׼۶Ҫгˡ
ǣĺ̻Ҳ̫ƻˡ
ԹУܿʿ
15ǧ龧
ڱԹЩʿͣԪҩĿɶֻܵ׼Ƕ٣鳼۱ȻߵסϾ龧ֻҪʱ׬ûԪҩĿɲʱܹġ
16ǧ龧ڶм۽
18ǧ龧
2򣡡

ʿǵ鶼൱ߣ꺵ļ۸Ҳһ·
ЩԪҩĵļ۸гһֱûжʿǾһҲʵʼֵǸԼֻҪ㹻龧Ǽ۸ٰҲԸ⾺
42ǧ龧
43ǧ
ۻڼ
λ쾳ǿ߶ѾۣΪ˵ڵļ۸ѾԶԶʵʼֵ
Ŀǰڽм۵ĻˣǵؾԲʿ࣬ضȱζҩġ
ЩؾԲʿһ㶼ȽǮΪѾֹȻҪϽͶ룬ԶὫǮƶڻȵҪϴչֽš
е4龧ļۣȻʷߣҲѾˡ
Ҷ찲ڽؿű˽мۣ㹻龧Ҳ᲻ȥ꺵
49ǧ
۵Ѿ֮ǰǰ㼤ңºò˼Ӽۡ
ڵļ۸49ǧ龧иߵļ𣿡Ŀ᳡ɨһ飬˼ӼֹۣĶҲ꺵ǽ쾳ĻԵǴλᣬһοܾǼ꣬Ǽʮ֮ˣԴҿǧҪ᲻ö龧Ŷ
ôһ˵˿ˡ
5򣡡һ󺺺ĺ
˺𣺡51ǧ
52ǧ
ոήҵľƺּˡ
꺵ļ۸һֱǵ58ǧ龧鳡
᳡һźϧ˶õ꺵ζûǮҲֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀűߡ
ļƷЩʿԶûʲô飬ضδӺӰ֮߳
һֱѹƷ˵һμ
εѹƷһϵȱȻΪѹƷȻһϵȱ
ϵȱ󷨼ӳ֣տеͬʱġ
ӳ󷨵֮߳Ϊߣ͸мƣΪĿġ
ȻһϡǼ۸ȴҲ൱ģΪҪиָ߼󷨿ɲǼ򵥵ĹҲֻЩͬʱо󷨺ǰ
ϵȸ2龧ļ۸鳡
ƷϺͬҲĻڡ
̨һĴӣֵس̨˵ǰɫؽϸһȦźӺЦʵӣۣү͸á
᳡ʱôЦ
һЦ˵ǰЦˣСŮѾз֮Ŷ
⻰᳡һ
ȴһڴʵӣ㿪ۣ۾һɲɣ
ԵЩΣڷܵǰʱޣƷĻ̨ɣɲҪ˴ҵʱŶ
ɳɳɣ۵˽ƺûģ˵ţٺһЦתǰȡƷϡ


488 Ů
óٶбҩ޺ˡ
Ҷþɨһ飬עһֻϣⲼװǰҶա
Ҷ;ȽϹҩΪҪ;ƻԪ֮⣬Ԫĸҩġ
νĻԪһָֻԪĵҩú龧ƣظԪٶҪ龧࣬رʺս֮ʹãϾжսʱǲó龧ָԪġ
ʵҶҲһֱ֪൤ҩֻǲȥռҩƶѣھͺλ쾳ǿߵĶս֮ʶ쾳ǿ߽սԪѾΪһݺӵءرĵʱԪþԵΪҪˡ
ƻԪҩֻζҶ֮⣬һζǾݣĸҩĶΪͨгﶼ򵽡
¼ȻҶգҶԵ˳£˵ҶղʮϡҩҲ洦ܹ򵽵ġ
ֵܣǰҶôҶ쵱ȿʵ
ӳҶ߿˿ˬ˵ÿ׼700龧û˼ӼۣǱˡ
Ϸ100龧һλ쾳⺰
ҶҲīں900
߳Ҷ쿴һֺۣϷټ50
ҶҲ1000ʵҶյг۲˽⣬ͬǮҲûʲôҪĶֻҪϵǮᾡҲһ硣
߾͸Ҷ첻ͬˣͶЩҩгѾ൱ȻϾҶղʮϡĶ
Ҷ˵1000龧ļ۸Ѿ΢гۣټӼǾ͸Ӳֵˣ߹ϵķ˾
߲ټӼۣҲīܸɴ˵Ҷվ1000龧ÿļǮλֵˡ
Ҷ̨ӴǰҶա
᳡ʿڽװñɴĲҶװҲԵüΪƽˡֻΪ޷͸òʿɣټζҶյҪ;쾳ҩ鵤һ˶һλ쾳ǿߡöñסӣֻ»һɧ
Ҷȡ̨ʱ᳡λһŮһ꣬˵磬ϴǵλǰɣ
ոջͷ¶ǰȷʵ꼸ֿ϶˵
ϴκҶһͬͿǶá
ŮӵĿһ·ҶƶֱԷ߻λ£˼ջĿ⡣
̨ϴϵЩƷ
Ҳһɫӣº󣬽ܵѸϵϵɾһϴɣɵʹֿɵʹԳסһµĹ˵ţ¸ӣһżСĻɫ˵ǻ޺ˣҲͲҽˡ޺˺ϵƷܡ
ƷҲֻȥһ룬ȴ̨̨ԼƷ
һЩƷûҶֱ̨ٴμҶĹ
һǸż糤ӣ̨ȡһѶѶҶעһֻУװһת֥
ת֥;ҪҶոһЩٶҶ˵ˣΪ鵤һζҩġ
ҲΪ˲ɼת֥ȥ׽ɽĲǾת֥ɲݣǰװǵصľת֥
Ȼ˵Ŀǰʱò鵤ǵȴ̾С̾ǿóģˣҶѾ㾡¡
ʵƽԣת֥;ǺֻܴһЩҩл漰һֽת굤ĵҩҪת֥Ϊҩġ
˵ת굤òᵽ굤ŸɢҶʹû굤ת굤ǻ굤һ棬һ굤ҲǾת굤ҩ֮һνԵ
ȶԷʼƷҶ㿪ʵֵܣת֥ô
ӿ˿Ҷ죬ش׼1000龧۸ߵá
ת֥Ȼһô󣬵ôҲϡҩرǶҶҪ˵۸񲢲㰺
ӻ䣬̨±һ˾ۣ1100龧
Ҷмۣλ쾳İ׷ͷһ1200龧
Ҷûϵת֥ô˾ۣϽʣ2000龧ܷ˳ת֥
Ϊ˲۸̧̫ߣҶ첢δŽмۣǾ䡣
1300龧Ƚм۵Ǽһֺ
׷ͷ1500龧
Ƭ̣ûټӼۣҶ㿪ں1600龧
׷ͷ1700龧
1800Ҷٸ
1900龧׷ͷ׷š
ҶЩˣҧ2000龧ٺȥɾԷס޵Ǯûˡ
׷ͷҶƳһƳ2100龧
Ҷｫͷһ٣ǽе2200龧
2500龧СֵټӵĻǱˡ׷ͷ˵
Ҷһգȫҵû2500龧Ҳûüˡ
ٿǵת֥ҲʮҪҲ͹Ϸˣˣǰɡ˵ţְ̾Ժ취ＯЩ龧С
Ҷ컰ôһ˿źζ֮ǰλŮæʵ磬ж龧أ
мҲ2000龧ôˣɻ
磬ȫҡŮ˵
㶣ʵòת֥ɣ
ţŮ˵ͷ
ʣ͸λǰ
ţ͵ǱϴεĴ֪ϴǶԷ֣Լ֮ǵûˡ
룬ҲڴӦ
̨ϵĳӼ˼Ӽۣ㿪ڵôꡭ
˵ȥŮкҳ2600龧
˶Ͷ˾Ŀ⣬ٿԷֻΪһ
ӳԶλ׷߿ȥϣӼ۵ӣ׷ȴǱ۾ȻǴˡ
ǣӱջĿ⣬Ůӿȥ˵ת֥2600龧ļۣλˡ
ŮӴȡǮȻܵ˸̨ϣת֥
ҶȻϳŮӣоԷӸ̨ʱԼ߿һۣҶҲû̫ࡣ
ŮӲδŽת֥Ҷ죬ȻصԼλϣ͸˳úõлһ
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ѻڤû˵дҩɣ
ȷʵĪʲôϡ쾳ҩ
ֵͦģչҩòʲô涾ɣ
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˵ţֱ̨ſȥιҪĿľΪչѻڤչҲûҪ˷ʱˡ
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˿첽ܵҶǰ
λʲô𣿡Ҷɻʵ
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˵ţֿĵؿ˿ֻƿƿһűǩͷдšƷ֣ϴμʱϵġ
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ʲôѧʿأ龫֪ЩĪеĶҫʢ򶡽ЦҶЦ˵ֵܣЦˡ
ΪҶŶ񣬿òʢҲ޷ж䣬Ů˵Է쾳ΪǼ٣֮ԷӦò̫Сɴֵơ


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һ˳ԷҶоһ˿ҵ̲ܰ˵ĸڵʱһ˿ĳԷĳ
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ҶҲ׶Է뷨Ѿǧ࣬ò׼ЩϡҩģȻϣܹƳƷõĵҩϾֻֻܱܿһΡ
˼Ƭ̺Ҷ˵磬һҵǿ԰㣬ұܡ
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ȻҲʶʲôʦҿ԰ԪҶ˵
ƣʢɵɫĵ۹еǼλʦϼɲǰλ˻ЩͷеһԷʦĻԼһǸ߼ѧʿᣬϱȻǷȱԼ÷ġ
ҶȻ֪Է뷨ЦЦʵһڻҵɣ
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Ҷ쵭һЦ˵磬֮ǰСǿžƷͨԼƵġ
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ĵ۹ѾʮûгµʦˣȻҲһЩǰ˲Ըͷ¶棬ܵ˵ʦϡ̶ҪԶԶ쾳ǿߡ
Ŀǰĵ۹еǼʦȫǺһѣϲʷҲֹʦ
ǰˣ֪ܲʵᣬ϶ʲôͷ


492 ѧ
Ҷûشʢ⣬ٴζ磬͸¶Щϣ㲻Ҫȥ
ʢеʽĴ˵ͷҲ֪ûҶĻ
Ҷ쵹һ裬һ˵Ȼ粻ؼԪҩĸƣһЩͨҩø֣˳㻹һЩƷҩؾ档
ʢƺѾƽ࣬Ҷ⻰ص˵ͷҾлҶֵˡ
ؿֻҪұܾˡҶڵ
ֵܾܷģһ˵ȥģ֤Ҳ˵ʢĵ˵
˺ܾãʢҶֽ⣬ΣҶԼҲһ֪⡣Ҫ۾֪ʶ棬ҶԶԶȲ϶ʢģܹƳƷҩȫǵʵǿ
һֱĵҹʢŸȥ
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Ϳѧ൱ߵǷڻĵ۹ѧУҲǰ׵ϯλ
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統ԣͿѧκϸ˵ҲһΪܵЩԼѧ֮в쾳ǿѧԱǵʦһΪﵽ쾳ͱѧϵҪȻ쾳ǿԽԽ࣬ƱػӰ쵽Щĵλ
ѧһͿѧУǰС󡢵ǰСغ߸꼶ΪﵽؾھͿҵȻҪɱҵ˲ҵҵַ໷ڣմ±ȥھҲֻһڶѡ
ǰͿѧ·ϣҶʵ¹Ѿ˳ҵ𣿡
ҵѾˣ˻ùŽУҶڵŶѧϰȡܹһͨˡ˵
ǽ᲻ᵢѧϰأҶЩ˼ʵ
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һأҶ쵹Ǻܺ棬ŮԼ
Ҷôһʣ˻䣬ֻһͨͨ꣬ʮӣòã·ϲʮۡദһʱɷ֣һͨ꣬һز¶ĸ֣ԼصúΪźܶܡһƵĴɽԶԶȥ޷͸УҲֻʵĿһƬģ󣬶һôø߲ʡ
㿴ͦ˽ҶпЦڵԼҲԷ˵һ̫ܣԱԼصúϢΪɫĶסò
ҡҡͷ˵ʵһҲ˽ҸദҲֻǶ̶һʱ䣬һĻ䣬ξһ㣬Ʈ죬һҲʵԼǲһˣΪͨƽ˵ʵ̫棬̫ҫۣ̫˲˼顣
Ҷ쵭һЦϸ룬ҲԼҲξõĴڣԼ̫ߣߵ̫ˣ˲˿־͵ִָое¶įͺڽֻʣԼһ㣬ԼĴڶԵ̫ʵ
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˸£Ĵϣ֪ѵִͿѧ
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ҶܹſڶнƣΪ赲˶ġ
ӣҹɡҶлһȻ㳯ŴҲһ׿ȥűм䴫ңҿŷȴʱȴţԿһλϻлͷͷĿʲô
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հÿιҴôöֱ͸ŮһТ˳ˡүüЦؽ˳յݸĵҩ
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үתҶ쿴˿Ҷ춷üͷһ塣
տү˿ϸ΢ı仯æ͵үλΪЩˣԲŴñӡ
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ԭȻմѣҲûʲôòĵˡ˵ţү룬ȡһƵݸ˳ա
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үǸүүļǵãʮ꣬ҵİĵطʱڴſֿ֣᲻õ뿪ү߹ݸһǺ«ͣذοңʱǴЦݣеҵڻ¡һ˵Щϱǳ˸м֮顣
ǰͯһŰ׾Ļ壬ʱʼһϷܻôһЩ̵ļϷһĺۼԶҲĨ֮ȥ
Ϳѧɫɫ˴·ŮˣҲͷֲѧԱǵʦҲЩӻ׵·ˣҲֻе·ϼݷݷѧӡ
һּС·ǰһ󡰶ĽײȥһƬĲٳʱٳвѧԱеĶϰеս
ͼݾƬٳĶ棬ҪӲٳм䴩Խ
һߣһҶѧǵһ㣬˵ЦΧĿ⣬ϾҲǸ۲۵Ů
ߵٳʱһͻȻǰ꣬üʱ


493 
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ҶƳһۣգ䳰ȷ˵գ˵ôôûˣԭˣͦ
˵˵ҺֻͨѶѡæ͵
ͨѣƭ˭أҿɲͨѻ˵Ц޼һ𡣡ɵ˵˵Уڼһֱûôѣ˵Ǹһദˡ
㲻žˣҲûҪʲôЩõ˵˵Ҷӣ߰ɡ
Ҫ·ǰһٴεס˵ȥ·
ΧЩѧԱҲߵ׷ͣͷϵϰĿмһƺһ·ģΧվԡ
վҲһ˸׳˶˳գٺЦϣⲻɩ
˭ɩˣϹСռص˵׳˶ꡣ
ɩӣѲ磬ñļһһԲЦʵ
ǵĳ졣ȵ˵ţȥ˵Ҹ֮ûκιϵҲκιϵϽ·ÿԺҲˡ
ɫͺΪͿѧԺһеٮٮߣټòҲȽϳڣ׷ŮʤȻǣԼڵ׷ǰŮˣȻŴܾɾˣԾûģôĥӲݵľųգҲ֪Ĵ򶯳գˣƤĲ
ʲôĿģնǶмһˣΪΪˡ˵㣬ǸĺġϲɵĻӡ׷Ů˵ıȷʵǿҲģһ׷֣ǲˣûȤˣˡˣǳΪģİ顣
գɱ̫Ϊˣ˵Ҳ㣬ʲôֻǸûֵĴ߰ˡԭȷʵһֱųգֱ׷Ϊֹ£ȻѾ˱ˣȻҲûʲôȤˣֻܲģˡ
ⷬɫŭȻһЩ޹ؽҪ˶ۣǣ±ԷݳΪߣ裬̵ˡ
ͷŸɾ㣬ĻɾͱҲˡ
ΪˣҶ첢ѧ£ǶԷ֮ͥ˵ֻҪԼٲԹ۵˻ΪԼˡ
ǣЦǺǵʵϵܣϲʥأϲ̫أ
ʲô˼һʱû׹
Ҷ͵νʥˣûˣʣŵ̫أǵûˣʣһҪѡµأ
Ҷⷬ޲գͬʱҲýļһˡ
ɫŭȵСӣҿǴԭͿԷˬڶԷ㵱Ȼŭɶˡû³çĳֽѵһΪѧҪֵܴģ򾯸棬ֱӿ
Ȼ㲻ѡҾ͵߶ˡҶȻ伸֡
ۿҶҪֵӣոϽȰ˵ӣѧǲսģҿ˰ɣһʶˡѴӶ˵Ҷӵ쾳ΪҲҶԷֻҶ첢ͿѧˣҪͿŵүѴ̣Ͼǲѧģ˵ѧˡ
Ҷ˼Ҳֻǿסɳ嶯ߵˡ
ӵŵؾԲΪôһȺؾڵֵܣѧҲ޼ɵˡڣȻ޷ǰһΪû˿⣬Ϊ֪ͿѧԺǲ쾳ǿߵġ
СӱˣƤӣֵĻ͸ȥ̨ϵƵҶ˵ΪؾԲǿߣѾͿѧ۷ǿߣȻʮš
ھ̨ϾͿԳ˰ɣҶʵ
յ˵ͷɫЩ
յͷҶӦУǾȥִ̨й̰ɡ
ߣӲʲôʱ򡣡ûҶ֮ѾŴھ̨ϺúýѵļһԼ
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ļһﵽʲôأȻսò°սصشϸɡ
ӵеؾԲΪСӳҲеؾԲΪҪȻɾˡ
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·ѧԱ۷ԷԣƺܿϾʵ֪ġ
̨˵սûпʼ·ЩʵŮ˿Էļ
ͣ䣡ͿѧǣʮеؾԲΪѾ൱˵á
̨·˿ǵЩƮƮȻĳɳв׷Щееܡ
ͦߵҶĵص٩
֪Ϊλôߵ𣿡Ȼʵ
ΪʲôأҶЦʵ
ΪкܶһɵƲϵıҲڽ£ΪҵĵʯҲнյĻԻ͡һɹʿڴԼĳɹһ㡣
ԭˡҶ˵ͷȻΪȻЦʵ֪ʲôΪ𣿡
ʲô˼أʵ
˼˵ɵƣ㻹ɵƵɵƴ˻Ի͵ĳɼȻҸһŲ˽£ҫҲ͹ˡҶаЦ˵
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ȡǰ൱ĻɫһЦ˵δҲ̫ˣֻƵͷǵȵεʱɡ


494 һ
ԷȡҶ쵹ǲſǼ٩ľ𣿡
ϻ˵Ͻȡɡͷ
㾻òʲôߣһȭһűӡҶĿǰΪԸ̶ֳȵĵˣﻹõ
ɫһ͵ɡԱϣѸעͬʱҶ˳ȥ
ǵ͹Ҷʵֻ˵ֻ򵥵һ̽Էʵһδʩչʲôʽ
ΪҶ첢С˷ʱ䣬Դսپ֮ǰ˵ģһȭһűԡ
ǵͷĻ󽣣Ҷ첢δֻسһԪܡ
Ԫɫ޼һ˸޷ƾ۱
ᣡ
ײԪϣ⿴ҵһͭǽһ㣬Ԫû˿
һҲû̫ԾΪһδʩչκʽԷ÷£ֻ˵ԷӵŵؾڵΪ
һδɣҪгȻȴƳԷǾǹһĨЦ
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һôѸٳ⵹ҶССһѡ
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˿ҶֻǴʮּ򵥵һȭһȭû˿ΣҲûĳУƽʵ޻ҲЩ΢
ǣͨͨһȭڳѧԱǴ۾
أ
Ȼ
ЩӵļȻͣѧԱ۵һгӵɢȻֹ
ٳţѻȸ
˶ˣһľ𾪵Ŀž̨ϣƺѾ飬Ǳļһġ
ǵʶУǵؾԲǿߣؾԲͿѧĶΪͬǵؾԲΪĶ֣Ҳܱͨͨһȭ顣
һȭ̫һȭԽƽ˴ĳҲԽΪûܿҶָŵöϸ롣ȭµҲûܿ͸ֻԼڶԷȭͷɲǣȭͷȻɢһǿֲֿϢ
಻ţվˣû˿ۼֻı˶Ʋɢ
һȭֻǻ㶵վ̨ϣ̨µĹһ޷ǰʵԼᱻԷ׻顣
һȭѾˣǽʣһˡҶޱаЦ⣬һУҶĶžҶѾͷϦദô꣬ȴֻƤëһ˲һݶһж˲֪˵Ըһв֪öټͥ
һû֣ȴԴԶһˣȴҪκһбܹŮΪǶԸɫǵıɱһûʲôƣϹȳκ˶һм򵥵ֻһֻҪ̧ţԷ͵ȥ

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ѧԱˣԺĿ̨Ǹļһ赭дĳһţȻһ㣬̤գﳤȥ
Ѿûȥע˿˵Ŀⶼۼ̨Ŷļһϡ˵һѾ˾ţ֮һʤĽܣ˱ȻǾաʵȴ˹죬˲˼飬һﾹ㲻Ѵ֮ĻĻǸ޷ʵ޷²Ϊ޷ǿʵսʤġ
ڳΨг֪еǸ쾳ǿߡ
ӰĿЩ룬Щ㱣ֵ֪ľǸҶꡣǶһ㣬˿壬Ҳ͸Ҳ㲨һ̣ǵӰغˡ
Ÿ߰ɡҶԭطĳսлһ
һȻعǸӰʧֵŶӡ
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žȺԷóһһʵ̫ˣû˸ҵ·
֮ǰŮǣ˿̶һݵؿӣƺѾͶҶˡ
ҶЩŮȻûȤųտ첽뿪Ⱥ
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һսҲҴңȥҲҴң򵥵һغϱʤɾսʮּ򵥣ȴ̫ţǸеݣΪͿѧԺĲ֮ԡ
ʲôҲûʣĬĬĴҶͼݡ
ͼݵĹԱҲһǸͷͬǣͷͨˣǵؾԲʿΪ쾳Ա⵱ͼݹԱеĶȹ
һ쾳ʿ˵ææµµķսһձɽһ̣ܹҲҲǸܺõĹˡ
ͼȻҪƾ֤ոͷĹϵúܺãɱ㱻㶨ˡ
ͼʮֵİһܾһٸһԵ쳣ׯϡ
ͼݺҶͳշͷ£ʼƬãã麣Ѱйѻڤϡ
һһҹʱ䲻֪ȥ˼ҩ鼮ʱҵһ˿
ӿһ¾ɺʵ鼮Ҷл
Ҷ飬첽˳ոǰ
սĹżҶȥⱾἰѻڤ
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˵һҳȷʵἰѻڤֻȼ֣˵ҲЩ߰ݡ
˵ظֽѻڤʵרŸЩǰĹõģѻڤ֮ѣɢ
γɫʵ֮Ҷغ鼮˿棬ȻǱի̸˵ˣһի
տȥЩεظЦ
Ҷ飬ֿ˿ΧЩ鼮̾˿εˣһҹˣǻȥɡ
ӣһûء˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ˣȥҲûʲôϣ취ɡ
ŶմӦʲô۾һӣһºصʦǰȥμӣʱӦþͿԴζҩϢˡ


495 
Ҷ˼ʵϴἰ
ÿٰһΣ췽ǵȨ޼ڣľٰҪ֮⣬ͬʱҲǳʦˣͨ˱ܵõ޼ڰ䷢ʦݵȼ֤
ҶȻûʲôȤ˵ʱʦƼѰѻڤʱ϶ҲĻǻϾͿԷˡ
ľٰأҶ
ǣ޼ġջشӣҵʱҲҪǰȥμӣҪһȥˡ
Ҷ룬ʱûʲôףǾڴӦ
ţ˾ûټѰȥֱ뿪Ϳѧص˶
߽Ժʢǹĵӭʵֵܣҵʲô
ҶҡҡͷЦһ񡣡
һЩҩ̺ͼλõʦѴһҲûܴκмֵʢЩź˵
ͶˣѾȾٰʱ¹һͬȥǴҶ˵
ʢ˵ͷҲʧΪһð취
磬ǰ֮£ȥҷ̸ɡҶָȻ֮¡
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սŹϣʢȲ˵ֵܣҪƵҩվѾ׼ˣɾˡһ˵ţһߵǰӴȡһҩģϣҶʵֵܣǷҪһرأ
ˣֲʲôⶫǹ⿴ѧģΪͬķһһӦġ
ҾԱ߰ҩĺˡʢ˵
УҪʲôҩأҶʵ
ʢƺѾһ㣬ѿ˵ҪƼŵ鵤ɡ鵤ʲôҩƷȽҲ̫ͣԽ̽̽ԷˮƽֲԷݡ
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Űɡ˵ţҶץҩͶ¯Уʼ
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£ȻѾ֤ԷʦǱζԼҪ߳ˣζԼЩԪҩĺܻܿƳƷԪ
˷֮࣬ʢæ˵ֵܣǾ鷳ʣЩҩҲƳɵɡ
Ȼû⡣ҶڴӦű
ʢȡֻյƿСĽĿŵ鵤ֱװ
һϵʱ䣬Ҷ콫ʢṩҩĶƳ˵ҩɶʢ㣬ִҴȥȡһЩҩģҶơϾǰʦĻᣬһӿҲֻôһأȻúú
Ҷ˵Ϊȱľʵ飬Ȼܾ־ѵֻᣬִ˲˵涡ʢǴҩġ
һֱʱ֣Ҷܹ涡ʢƳ˰ŵҩоƷҩߴʮţ˸Ʒ֮⣬ȫƷ
ЩĵҩʢֶЩԼǲΣǰоƷҩҲǰʮ֮һ
ﾹʮǾƷҩƷʸߴٷ֮ʮѾﵽмʦˮ׼οԷŵĽֻһֻͼ¯ǻһֻƷ¯ˮƽǵôﵽ߼ʦˮ׼
ԷԭûӦҶѵ磬ǲǸðЩԪҩóأ
ҶôһѣʢȻعԶԶԣֵܲ˵һˡ˵ţæӴｫЩԪҩȫȡ˳
ҶҲīķֿʼ
ʢĿתضҶе¯ɫԵʮֽţϾԪҩľֻôһܲײǰٷ֮ʮȫǿˡ
ҶҲ֪ԪԶʢҪԣʮ־ȫעͶ뵽ƹУ˿


496 
Ϊ֮ǰѾйһԪľ飬һҲϤһЩ
һζζҩ½¯¯̣Щᴿвʡ
лɢᴿҲͲˣںϡ
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ҩľں֮ҲͿϨˣ׶ΣҩѾƳɹȻҲܻʧܵ
ŵҩȴ̽
Ҷ콫¯еԪȡݸ˶ʢ
ʢֽӹԪŵضãŵǰš
Ƭ̣ϲ֮ɫδ¶ۣһ˼κϲ¶˼顣
ƷǿžƷֵܣǿžƷԪʢּؿҶ˵
Ҷ쵭һЦ֪ԼõǿԪʲôȽףԼܹ˳ͻƣϵҲǹûġ
ʢ˷ܵضǿԪֲҲԵ쳣˷ܡ
ۿ˺ܾãƽӴȡһֻϺõƿԪСװ˽ȥøӣϸһ飬ȷûʲô©󷽲Űƿս˴䡣
ֵܣôصҩȴûʲôܱ㣬ǲʲôĻܿڱǣҶȫԸʢϵ˵
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ĺˣǱҲһֱ׷أӦûûҵҶ磬Ѿ嶢ˣһҶ类ץ־ġο
Ҷŷĵĵ˵ͷֵ㣬Ǹɵļһô͸ƵģߵĶܿ
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497 
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ʢ￪ʮĵȻԤϵͷõʦӰӵƳ˴ҩӦԽյĻơ
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һ죬ﶼæòɿʢ򸾸Цúϲ죬ҶȴǱȥһ졣
ʱ֣ʢʮݣһЩҶգԼƻԪһѸҩĽҶ˵һ󷬸мĻ
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֪ܲشӦ
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ʱ֣˼һи㳡߳ͣȺ￪һ׿ĵţһȺ˳ǽͨ㳡ĸ̨ȥ
ȺˣΪ׵һͦΣӣĸ磬ӵһ쾳Ϊŵı磬㲣ȻһϻεĴŮһ㡣Իһ긾Ůĸףһߣһ߲ͣؿ磬ϼΡ
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498 ƽ
޵ûҶע⣬ȻǺĻҲ²³˼֡
ȿԿ϶ǣ֮Ĺϵһ򵥣ΣӦܼȵģԭҲ
𵱳ƸӶЭſڣһμʱ˵׼ͿԭȴһΪӡ룬ʱӦΪͿģʱ֮䷢ʲôҶͲö֪ˡ
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ᣡ
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˰죬ȻĽȺ
ûã˵ϸ̨
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֣㶥ųòҲҵ̨׳
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ֵܣҪܶĻǻûף˶Сϵɱˡ

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ޣӲŲëû룬Ӿ֪Բ³ªӷȻȵ
ʲôо;ɣСүҪ˭Բ˵䣬ȡһɫϸ


499 ̨
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Сӣɣªİȵ
עϸһ󳩿â䣬ͺͶԷĴһ
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ܿһ߽һӵ٪̨ϣ٪⣬ҲЩʵ䣬ΪҪȰʤһӦúܿҪؾˡ
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Ȼ̨¹սȺ֮вٵؾԲʿǴ඼͵ӣȶ˹أΨʮ²ܳսҲԵ̨ˡ
μ׵ģһ㶼һЩɢޣûг㵤ҩĸҪʮ֮ǰؾԲ൱ѵģӵžѵʡ
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˵Ĺϳ˹սҪ֮ǰǼּࡣ
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ȻѾеؾʿ̨ǽսӦûἤࡣ
֮ǰЩһﶼֻ̨ˣıڲŸոտʼ
ҿյĶҲǵؾԲǿߡ
ڹǽͷӶ۲ݵʱһѵϸ̨Ǻ硣
̨ϵ׳̨µĹǶһ죬ȻǶϵʱȻеؾʿ̨
ɫĿȴ쳣ᶨ֪Լ̨վ󣬵Ҳ÷һƴ
ΪȻΪ̨֮ͷ­ѪҲʮǰźͻںޡ


500 ƴ
ɳɳɳ
һһŮӰ֮зɿ촩ţǿдŴ԰׵ϲ˿ֻ֮ɫ
磬ңܲˡ󷽵Ů˵
һҪסǺòӳҪٱץĻɾˡǰͷǺ磬ʮǰֻǸʮꡣ
磬㣬һӰɣˡ˵
ҪһߣҲᶪġᶨ˵
磬ģܲˡȫǱǰܡ
ټһܿͿܳƬɭˡһ˿ϲ˵ΪǰֹƬƺҪߵͷˡ
ڣ˳ӣȻǰĲһƽһ¡
±¿ȥһۿס
˶һۣ¶˾
ʱһɭĴЦں󷽴
ɫɲ֮ࡣ
ͷȥֻǸֲӰȰ֣ס˵·
ԶҲ޷罩һɭɲ񶾽̣ʬ
ٺٺٺ٣ǻܡ˵ϵЦޱȡ
˵ӶڲͣĶţд˿־壬˵ǰ߾һħһ˵ħ
ˣ˫ݶĿгһޱ˷ܵɫﲻ֪ʱһҺ˴Сͨɢīɫӡ
ӣľ֮ɫԽŨء
ʬֻҪһ˱Բˣ֮һ˽Ϊʬ˵ļƷһΪʬ˵塣ʬ˻ޱǿ֮Ϊɱ˹ߡ˵˵ţʵ˭ҪΪƷأ
˶ǿֻŵܿŸѰ±ߣѾ·ˡ
Ŀţͣϣһ˿аЦǾƷɡԱϣ̽һץǴһ㣬ǿн˸ǰ
羪һûǰûǰֻŶǿʬ
ʬ˺ȼī﷢ʹĲҽӽɱȥ
ڶɿ֮ʣͻȻһ򺫷ȥ˾һ׹¡
֪ǲɿܲôġ
·һƬ̶Ȼȴɲоֻǿɢīɫʬˡ
վ̨ϣԴﲻϸһĻĻˡ
̨̨µʱ¶ɫȴһĨ֮ɫһ棬ҲڽŮƵһ
̨ϵ׳û֮⣬ΪҲŸո̤ؾڣǰһͺ֮ǰһǼؾڵΪ֮ľҲ̫
ᣡ
ȡһѱһϵȱΪȻʹϵȱ˵Ƚ
ȡȡһŻֱȥӣѾ˳ֵ׼
ٶ׳ԳԾ̨µĹҲǲ첻ѡ
˵ע׳˹ȥ
׳ľٵ񵲡
ϣ
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ԭ׳ΪԷյˣϣǵûгˣעϷɭɭҲȻ˼֡
׳ҲϽעԷ˸ײ
أ
֮˶һǿĳƿ
ոסƣֺͣ͵ٴγ׳ȥ
ı˺ЩŽͣתѽǱС͵һ㡣
һӦǺɣ
ȷʵǺĵһ纮ʩչģģӦ൱ˡ
ҪǵڶʽҲֵزû׼ܺͶԷƴһƴ
Щ˵һһ׽ϵˮϵ۹׺ȻҪȶԷĶ񻢵һЩҺʵսԲڶԷһ㣬Ӧûмʤġ
ԷϮ׳ҲǺʩչ񻢵һʽʳע߾ٹͷͬʱǰ߸Ծź統ͷȥ
ԭ׳ΪʽһûϣԷȻֱĹֱӽǰȥ
ᣡ
˵Ĺ˶Էϡ
ռŹƣ׳ӵΪϵƣ˭Ҳûźôһ֮£׷ˡ
վȽŸڵĳ׳ʽǷҰһ㣬ηֻΪҧϵ˵Ĳӡ
׳汻Ƹסˣһ׵ģֱƴġ
ӣ̨µ罹ǲѣҶҲüͷ
׳˶ԷһѸٳ˵̨һǣȻעʩչ񻢵ڶʽ転ɡ
Ȼʮƴδʧȥǣһ׳׼ʩչеӣҲûټ棬ʮǵ׼Լʽ
б߸߾ע룬ǣЩ˪һ㣬ڽϼۣƬ֮γһʮ׳ľ޴
бƲף±ȶԷķ転ɻҪʤһ
һͦƴģܽɱ۳ʵʰ̬ȷʵףһؾʿҲ
̨¼λʿԺһи˸߶ۣʵҲ˵һЩȷʵ൱ڷܿ̿ࡣʲǺܺãƾž˵ߵһƶŬΪҲгһ
׳ʽһ׼ϣнâŵĴ󵶣ǰȥ֮ʣһͳĻХֻŽâһڣûΪһֻ͸ĽɫӰڵĳźȥ
ڽ𻢳;֮ʱʽҲ˳׼ϣӶǱɸߵľ޴ƺƵǰ䡣
֮һ˵ĺ̨µĶ಻˸ս
䣡
Ȼڽ𻢵Դϣײһҵı֮ײޱҫ۵Ľâ޷ֱӡ
âܿˣѾ׻ıȴһ͸ĽӰ˳׳ϡ
ᣡ
׳һǵӰ粣һѡ
Էһ׳ԳԾһѣعȴԷѾٽͷ͸֮ǰһ͡
׳˰ѺռΪϵƣȴо˿ɣǰ˿¡ǰЩ񻯵ޣҲй־㤵ĸоܺ棬ʲôԡ˱
ᣡ
ٵ˶ԷһǺ׳ǿ̨վȽŸ
ٿԷ־ٵɴԾ¸̨͵ˣҲԼ̨ϼֵҲŸֲҪƴ


501 
һؾʿȻһؾʿ̨йЩ⡣
׳û˿ĺͲΪ֪ԼʵԷȫϣʱʱ̱̿һֻҰ޶ŵľ㤸о̨¹޷ġ
׳û뿪վ̨¼սܺ棬̨һﵽΪζս
ʤ̨µһϲãܿ죬ָֻ֮ɫΪֻ֪ǸʼиĵˣҲվ̨ϵ¡
粢ûȥЩ£ΨһľսͣսֱҲΪֹ
һŻ󣬺̨ϥ£ָ
ָӯ֮ʱ̨Ѿһӡ
Ҳʮӣһɲĵ̣׺ݣΪҲڵؾڣҪ׳߳ࡣ
аȻʶĻ͸Ͻ̨ɡ
ûдԷҲûбԷΪס˵㽫ȡ˳ǰԵһλ쾳ǿߣҲ˿
ԷȰ棬ɫߣ˷˵Ѿȡһ߳˹ɫ͸ӵĽ𹿰һ㡣
Ȼ⵶ǳ˼ŮıģȻСɫ˷
ɺϳһҴչƣӽ򵶰Уһʽ纮ʩչ
иûҲû
ԭҪ񵲶ԷһУòʩչκʽΪ˾콫Է̨Ӷʩչ𹦷ʽ
еʽҶһϳХĵһʽӭ
ХҶѾǵμˣȻ൱Ϥ
ٴ˫ʵһغϵĽȻԿ
ҶԤϵһʽȻҪȶԷѷɫ֣볤ײɲǣ类Ӳı˼
վƺ󣬺ַ˹ơ
ߣһף뺫룬Ȼע׼ʩչХʽǴԴⳡս
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磬Ǹ˵ıù𣿡˫ʽҶʵ
ȻǵвģԷʩչĿǵؾʽټ˫ΪԶһǾͿɾӮˡҶش˵һ̾溫絣ģ֮ǰļʽ²䡣
Ȼ֪򲻹ԷﻹҪôƴأ಻
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ҶںҶսλؾԲʿʱһλҲʩչһУƺҪǰĵиʤһ
ڵзƵͬʱҲӽȥ޴Ȼ㵹ǹȥ
ײɲǣᡱײ𣬱ڰսÿһεײͻһǿҵ˫˫ܿ춼ײһ
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䣡
ҵײ֮£飬ҲƷףЩ׹̨¡
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ᣡнĳ̨һһͳ죬սѾˣ̨µĹҲΪġ
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Էǰ𳤹ûʩչκʽֱóһͷźٿڴȥ
ƺѾʧȥǣûлӽ񵲣ɶԷײؿڡ
أ
һ죬һѪ󷽷ˣص̨ϣҲַɳѵһһԡ
ˣûٴȳѪץ˵һԵıȻһֻؿڣһֻŽվ
Ȼûзĳŵȥòߵ˵иǰ־Ҫ򵶰ȥȴһ߷ɡ
Զǡۡһ³һѪ
һĻȻ£Ҫ̨ȴĸ׸ԱߵȴһһֻӣǺ޲ų́ϡ
̨ϸڲͬʱҲ溫еʲôɣ̨϶Щֵá
һԺ󣬺ûзֻҪһ㲻
ʲôأٹȥĻҪ̨ˡüͷֽͬ˵
ȥæ׵֣Ͻֹǰɣˡ
˦֣Ȼ˵̨ܸԤģСԼֵ˭ǰͲöԷ̨ϣȡ
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ŽһһͣŵȥӲΡΡģ·ܽ
ʱ˿̣ǰĲǵУǶӰһеĶˣʮʱ޿̲նɱĶˡ
ʮԺ˵ĥԼƴԼȥŬݳĵŬװһֹ۵ӣΪ֪ϲǻϵ
ڣͻȻо޾ƣ·ʮı˺ʹ̼ӿͷѹоԼѾûȥˣоԼͿҪˣǰӰҲģ塣
ǰûû˵ļһԵЩͷɫҲø
ߣȻҾͳȫ㣡˵ţкԥؾĳݺźԴȥȻҪȡ


502 
ۿŵĳҪںԴϣʶĽ۾ǲ뿴ҪѪһĻ
ǣ۵ɲǣԺȻˡһţǰ̨𡰶һ졣
ۿȥʱȴĳƺƫˣ̨ϲ֪ʱֳһɫӰ
ӰϤ뷽ŻطӦȻŤͷҲ࿴ȥұѿӰȻ̨ǸɫļһҶ졣
ͻı仯öЩæƬ̺ʶ¼̨ĻҪˡ
뵽⣬ʱǵؿ̨ϵҶ죬ͬʱ죬üͷԹ˵òսǵģˣ˵ֺݺݵĶ½ţҪýĵһ㡣
㳡žƬ̣ϸ
ɫļһﵽʲôأȻΪѲǵؾԲǿߣ
Ȼ̨ҲеؾڵΪ
ñòǸòªļһɡ
޷ҶݣǹǶûжɣϾͿǣû˸˼ǰŪ١
̨ͻ䣬ԵЩźԭźɥһԼŮҲͿԳˣϾڹͻȻĳµļһЩա
˵ȴһʱ꣬ǽҲиˡ
̨ϣг˳ǰļһΪԷΪüͷ΢΢һ壬ɫҲмֽ
˴ˣòŸϾɱɣҶһ˿ŭ򵶰ʵ
ߣԼҪֻǳȫˡƳһۺ磬
˵ţߵԱߵĺ֧Ųסͨһ̱ڵء
ŵϵĺ磬Ҷ̾Ϣ
ļǵãڻɶʺΪβҸ󣬶ʱػشŮʲô鷳ˣǴôеعⱲӾ͵ˡ
ǰȴΪθ飬ϧƴԼ
ʲôģ׽͸ĶҶ鳡֣ҲǺѵС
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Ҷ춪һϢļһ̧֣Сش˴ʵι㻹ðɣ
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ûҶ콫綪̨ɫضŶԷñǰȻʵμӱģ
Ȼ̨ˣǾһɡҶ쵭Ȼ˵
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ݳɣ򳤹עʼ׼ХʽƣȻѾĿǰʽˡ
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Ҷ޴ĺ̨˶¶˾̾ɫѰѺв̺κιʽֻñеˮϵ۶ɵģȴҪ֮ǰ۳ıǿࡣ
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ᣡ
еҲֻάƬ̾ͱˡ
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ջؽҶӰһȵлعѾ˶Էǰ
ˣһ̰ɡҶЦԱϣֱ̧򵶰ؿĳһƣȻԷĺҲò顣
أ
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սģ͸ϽɡҶ̨˵
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ֹą̃˶һʮĹͷԾ˸̨ȻӵŵؾԲΪ
̽һ̽֡ͷȭҶ˵
ͷΪ̨µĹҲѪؾԲǿ߶սǽձ󿴵㡣
ֵܴһжʤأսأҶʵ
ͷ룬شսɡ֪ǳĶ֣Ȼһ̤ʵصǰŸס
Ҷ˵սķʽɣΪԶԷʵһ㻹ûüʩչоͱ̨ˡ
ȻˣǾսˡҶ쵭ȻЦ
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аɡҶƽ˵
ͷҲīͷעֱӳҶ챼ȥȻûǳһ
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ᣡ
ͷǿƲ׵һǸͱҶ赭дصˡ
¹ͷĹƺҶȭֱŹͷǰȥϴͿѧԸǸķʽԸǰĹͷ


503 
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ǰͷȻӵŷḻʵս飬ԸȻûôס
ҶȭϮͷϽˣܶԷһȭۣɲöԷƽ޹ʵĻͨһȭ
ԷˣҶӽϣɲԷκ׼ʽʱ䡣
ҶϮһͷҲͬľͷֵ
ᣡ
ٴײһΪ˫ʩչʽײδ̫Ĳ
һ֣ͷƺЩ·磬ҶƽһƵõҶȴȫûӰ졣
ȹͷվȣҶٴξٽٶȺͷȻмܵ൱˵ˣû˿ء
νͷѱ̨ԵҶʤ׷ȭϮȥ
ιͷѾ·ˣֻܶӲԷһȭ
䣡
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ܣӦòܰոȭͷϸûи˿쾳ǿҲֻ
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쾳Ϊ̫ܰɣҪʣμıס
˵Ҳǣټһɡ
˵УͷҶһŸ˸̨
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ȻѹĻ磬ϾɹϵҸһԼҲ޷գǺεȱ֮¡һ֮ҲȻˣǰȻˣѾõĽˡ
һɨûлӦЦȻѾûսôα׵ĿױλˣҲ˵λΪ˼ҵġ
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ҲǣôΪҪǻңҲСС˼ҡ
Ȼ˼ŮﻹҪ̨أҲ湻˼ġ
󾪲£̨ϵɫ䶢Ҷ죬Ŀ֮дһ˿ŭ⣬ȻԸ˼ŮΪվ̨ĪǴǰҵģ
ҲǴҪǵľֻ֣ҾӦѡȨǸĸҲȨŮĻ¡ڴޱ䣬޷Ҫѡһλҽնÿף䲻˼ŮԸ⽫̨λֵܡ룬ӦñҸʺǧ𡣡Ҷָ̨µĺ˵


504 쾳
ԷָԼһ죬ϵǷɢ¶ϲ֮ɫǲһ㡣
ϵĶ˿Ҳ¶ϲ֮ɫ
Сǲʲôʺˣֺôֲء
ļһʵ̫ˣȻҲܹˡ
ǲ״ӦҪ˼ŮôҲиؾԲΪ
ʵҲˣⳡΪǽŮͺɢ£Ҷ˵ҪŮλø磬Ϻݺ˦һƣܲա
㵱ŮƷ˵˾ˡҧгݵʵȭͷѾԷղǷɾǶһ衣
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵ڲǰԼŮƷ̨𣿡
ôҲֻΪŮҸֱ׳ر
ҸǣֻνҸҲֻǿʹɣҶ쳰
һߣ˵֮Ǹĸ֮ý֮ԣֻһΪ˸£ֵõͷ㡣
ԭŮԨ׸¡Ҷһ䳰ȷֵʵҲòôûʵɣǵ뷨ڳ˶һ
㣡Ҫȴò˵ҲϣԼôȷʵҲֻΪ˸ѡ
ԷҲø֮һߣ˵˼ҵ»ֲ֣Ҳû£Ͻ̨ɣĻɾݹҲˡ
ⷬæϸ̨ܵǰͨһڵأͳȫҺɣãమģһλɡ
ƣҲϽϸ̨ܵ׹°ֻϲ磬ȫǰɡ
˵˵Ļûðɣݺݵغ۾ŮŭȵҪǻϸҹȥ
ҡҡͷᣬش˵ҲҪѾǺˣ˺磬˭Ҳޡ˵ôֻȫ˶һνıҲͳˡ
̨ⷬá
˵ôö˶˸ףԭ˶СѾǻƻŮˡ
Ҳ̫ˣȻøֱֻ
ǰ˭ԸƴƴȢɾŮ˻ؼҡ
̨ϵȻ̣ⷬǶ˼ҵܲŭ
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ݺ˦һƣֱӽ˦ڵϴ
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ź׵գȴǷһ˿Ц⣬磬û˻ȢˡҲǱƲѣŵ˵Ļ
ҲãҺ㣬̫ûˣȢı¶ûС˵
ҡҡͷ˵磬ѾŬˣѾΪùˣҺܸм㣬ġ
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һĻ̨Щָá˶Լɢԧ죬ⶼЩͬ
Ȼǲκͬģ˿ͷϣǰڶͬڵأ޲óȥһˡ
Ŭѹסͷǹɷų̆Щ˼ҸѺȥ
̨һȺ˳
ƲҶҲû̫࣬ǰ˸ǰ̽˫ץס˼Ԫֱӽ˸˳ȥ
˱Ҷ׳ʮף׹ȺУ׹ҶĴȥվҡ
žôϤٳ̨Ͽȥ·ܹ
磬ǸϽ߰ɡѵ
ջĿ⣬磬ʵԸˣ𣿡
ţҲ룬ᶨص˵ͷ֪ѾزȥˣΨһѡǸ˽Զ硣
õĿ϶󣬺˵֣Ⱥ⼷ȥ
̨ϣŭɶҶݺݵһۣЩŵĸȵŸȥ׷
ЩŻعæתȺȥ
Ҷ쵱Ȼ׷ߣ׳ö룬ֱӽЩŵڵء
˼Ϊˡɫޱȣɱ·ҪΪʵʵҶ䴩
ûôذɣҾԼֻѧ׷¶ѣ˼ңˣûµĻҾˡ˵ţҶתҪߡ
תŭߣûôס
ҶоϮһɻͷҲأֱڱһԪܡ
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ҵײ
ķȻ׵סĹ쾳ǿߡ
¿кϷˣ쾳ǿ߽棬ǿ൱ѵõġ
̨µĹǶԵ൱˷ܣڱʲôģͱǸ׵Ժ
ҶͷȥֻһɫĳǹɱڵļʽһսȻⲻˡ
ɾˣҶ컹ʾԵѵ㲻Ҷ֣ǱûȤˡ
ҵҪ㵽жı¡˵ǹעԪǹȼ˳ɫ̨ϵ¶ҲȻ
ҶҲǲ˼עԪɢ纮Щܿ㽫̨¶ȸѹȥ
ѲһϵȱԸδҲ̫˰ɣ
̤쾳ʮ꣬ӦÿҪ׶쾳ˣһģǵóԿ
˵統ƾ׶ǹɱ񶾽һλһ쾳ǿߣ˺һء
ʩչǶǹһʽһ֣бϾֻǵؾǰʽԷϵȱӦܹ
ڹ֮ʣʽѾ׼ɡ
һ֣
дȣгǹȻǰ̶
ֻǹҵĳ棬ǹߣһһ㣬Ҷ켲ȥ
Ҷ첻ػıϮһɿ񱩵ĺӭǰĻߡ
ͷ˺֮Уںʴ£һựС죬ҽ׹뺮ˮһ㡣
Щû赲ߵĳƣȴ˴룬Ҷǰʱֻʣ¿ӴСҶһϡá
㻹м͡Ȼ˵ԼʩչֻǵؾǰʽǶԷϵȱδʩչκʽ㵲һУⲻò
ҵͿɲֹôһأǴĻھӦ֣ҪȻſϿ޵ġҶǳЦѵ


505 ս
ҿſϿ޵ĻɣôҲ˰뱲ˣᱻԷסȻҲû˿УǰһԲöԸ
ǾͿ˭ſϿްɡҶ˵ű㽫ıս䣬ͬʱֽǰѷٵȡ˳սپ
Ҷĵ˶һ󾪲
ôȡ˰ѵòǰѶϵɣ
ѲѵԸ磿
ɵˣɲͨĵѵûǼ𣿡
ȻǼҿƵȽ׻͵ӣȻֵ
ȻҲһ죬һ۱ϳ
ǷٵĪھ۱ģʵ
Ҷ⣬Ŷ㾹Ȼϵô˵ѲҲ˵Ȼɶ˻ˣ
Ȼȴ֪ѵ׵׷ٵɲôģֻ׾ѧʩչҵϵȹϡųζ˵
Ǻǣòˣ㻹ǶൣĵԼɡҶ첻ΪȻЦԱϣ򵶱עԪ
ᣡɫĵȻֶ̨µĹǶ۾һ֮̾ɫ
ȴ˿Ϊ׷ٵѶǺģԷܹʩչʽҲȻʮǿȻҲΪޡ
ҵҪܽ׹ʩչʲô̶ȡ˵ţǹҶ˳ȥ
ҶݻӵӭϵײĦѤĻ𻨡
̡Ȧĳǹˣ൱Ƽ׼ÿ֮νӵüΪᣬÿһֱȡԷҪһǸǹ֡
ѸƣҶвУصܲ͸硣ʵӦԣҪΪϵƣҪȻмסԷϵĹơ
̨˶죬ֱ̨ʿǿۻңЩؾԲʿҲԲ׽˵ӰЩͽʿ͸ӿˣֻ̨Ͻϵ̶ײÿײ̨϶õĻ𻨣ڷ̻һ㡣
̶Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ˼ʮغϣҶսҲ൱ḻˣ֣ҲڶʱڱֲܣʱһɾͶסˡǵƣҶûԷȥòҵᣬûˣ˾롣
סκֵǰٵķתֻķٵԵ⿪ʼɢɵɢڿС
һĻȻ֪Է׼ʩչʽˣȻöԷܹȫӳٵٵϾǾڽǾֹԷС
ѸǹעԪǹ˲ȼӿ
Ƭ̵ǹڶʽǹȻʩչ
ֻгǹɷ磬һ߽ϵĴǹϼǻһŶҶϮȥ
ʱҶķٵδȫɢǵϮĻ꣬üͷһ壬ϷɢΧеĻϵǰ۳ɶܡ
ڻϮǰ֮ʱҶǰѾ۳һ޴Ļƣɡһ㣬Ļꡣ
žžž
ײڻϷһײ߶ǻϵƴһʱҲԷֳ١ȴø̨ϵ¶˲̨ЩҲǲӿ糱ˮһ㣬һӭӿ
Ļ깥δ̫ãΪʩչеĿĽֻΪ˸ԷУ£ԷѾıʽҲͲ˷Ԫ׼һС
ȻĹƽҶҲϽлϵջأڵ۳ɵ
ٿ棬ĳǹȼܳ棬ǹɢĿȻ׼ʽ
ǵٵʽʩչԱȽϺķʱ䣬Ҳֻ취ǰһ
㳡쳣ǶǾ۾ضŸ̨ϣ´κξ˲䡣
̨ϵ¶ѾһµĵزƺڻŤˣ̨¿ȥ˵ӰŤתǻþһƮޡ
ʽܿ׼ɣǹһᣬȻǰ̶ȥͬʱдȣ˶ǹĵʽ
ųǹ̳ǹϵ˲䱬ǣ۳Ϊһ޴Ļ泤ǹǰȥ
ͬʱҶͬٵ̳зٵȻչӭ˻泤ǹ
ᣡ
ǹ뵶ڰ·ǿĻϵײһʱ֮䡰䡱֮쳹̨ͣһ緢Ļɽһ㣬𻨺ͻߣ˷Ű
̨µĶ൹Ǻܻ飬һͷԣϽȺ֮У̨ЩʿҲæſֵЩϮ
˫Ľ˺ܾ÷̨ͣϽָƽ¶Ҳ
ⳡҵĽڸ̨һǳǳ̶̵պۼǹײ·ĵǱһֱһͨںĿӶư
ҶǲŶԷ
Ƭ̺ĳǹȻǹϡۡһ棬ҶҲѸٽٵǰŷٵķٶУҲһοʼɢ̺ĻϵھĲٿ֮£Եӿȥ
Ϊ֮ǰľҽ棬ʹø̨ϵĿ̺ŴĻϵЩϵȻΪҶãȴ̶ܴܺǷٵͬʱҲٶȡ
ĳǹѾʮ׸ߵĿ棬һȼŵ߳
һĻ̨̾
ĪǶǹһʽ׷
ӦǿʽˣǴչһغϽˡ
ӦþƾһУɱ񶾽λһ쾳ǿߣ֪Ƕлʲôʽ֮Կ
̨ߵĹǶٴγǵɴӣĿתض̨ϣǵƺҪ̨ϵ˻Ҫ˷ܽš
Ƭ֮ͷϿ߳ǹŤһڣȻһͻߣǻߵĴһһϣ¶ʵˡ
Ȼ߳ͣû˿ɣϽгǹٿػҶ췢𹥻
ʱҶǱٵĵѾɢһգֻһѵȴǽͷ
ɲǣ̨µȺһ󾪺˵ĿⶼİУеǼ̶ۣƬ֮۳Ϊһʮ׳ľ׵
׵һͱȻͷȥ
ͷϮǹɿֲһΣæոϮҶĻѸ˻ͷϷ
䣡
׵ڻϣ͵һȫǰƬһ㣬һƬƬ䡣
Ƭ֮̽£ֻۡһ׵Ӳ˻ߵȻּͷ䡣


506 뿪
䣡
һ׵ײԪܵɲȻѿԪܱӲը飬ȫѱյòͷҲ̵ýƣǱѬƵĨڣǱ
ᣡ
罫ǹڵϣԵЩҡҡ׹˲ӣ˫۾ȴĵŶҶ죬ﾡֲ˼ɫ
޷ţǰһﾹܽ׳Ĺʩչ˳̶ȣǻɣһһ쾳Ϊ
ûд𰸣ԷͶ֪
Ŀڲȫû˵նɱ񶾽쾳ǿʱ緢Ͳһ
㳡ֻܰżҲ޷羹Ȼܵ㳹ס˵һڶԷĹǰȫǲһû֪ʵϵĲ࣬ǹϵĲࡣ
ŶӣǺηʥ⽫ǸԶҲⲻԡ
紵ǺɫñһһڵģȴʼҲ޷ƿ
Ҷ˵һҲ֮С
Ŀǰֻ۳һ׵쾳ΪټϷٵϵĸһ׵һһ쾳ʿͨʽֵܵ˵ġ
սѾҶ첻ٵ˵㳯̨ȥ
ȺԾÿһʿǶ־Ŀ⣬ĿλǿȥǿΪ磬ʵݣΨǿ߲ܵ˵ľ
ҶȥžĹ㳡ǲûмɢȥһ۲ݡ
Ҷո߳㳡󷽱˶Ľл
磬磬ȵҡ
Ҷͣ½Ų첽׷Ҷǰʵ磬ô죬Ҫȥأ
Ȼ˼ңȻ뿪ˡҶش
뿪Ҫ뿪Ϳ𣿡Щ졣
ûһȥת¹ȥˡҶ˵
üͷ¶֮ɫ磬ңһߡ
ҶԴЦɵѾͷԹԴڼɣֻΣնѣ˵һкܶҪûôŶ
ǣ᲻ߡ⣬˵
Ҷ̾˿Ȱοвɢϯ˵ֻǸͶѣûҪ̫˵ţ˶٣ֵ㲻һֱ뿴ҵòٱ֮ʣҾʵԸˡ
Ҷ΢΢˶ñ
ñżϤİгֵݣ೹׾ˡû뵽ȻǸ꣬Ǹֳϵƿ׵꣬ǸƸ䶷̨һ˵ꡣ
ãȻй֮ʱǸӰѾǰʧʲôҲû£ãȻĴѰ٣ˮסĴ۽ǹ䡣֪ҲҲǸˣ˵ǸעֻǸ棬ֻǸ߲ʵĴڡ
뿪Ҷֱվȥ֪˼ҶȻװݣԱ뾡뿪ͿϺ硣
վҶܿһҵˡ
Ҷ쵽˶ϲõӭ
ҶֵܣһҶֵܰɣ缤ʵ
Ҷ췭ñЦЦ
ѾµҶ죬ɵʱ򣬺绹̲סӯ˸м
뿪˵ɡҶ콫ñ˻ȥ˵
Ҳû˵ʲôҶһǰǵ̤ǵ;
๾ʻȥҶû뵽ԼͿ˲һ±Ҫ뿪ˡһֱҪ͵ȴ̫޷⣬˵Щ޷ȱĴڡ
ϣЩǵʵҶֵܣҸû°ɣԼ׵ƢȻҶܹȻǱȻ˵ѾԼס
ĺˣµġҶ˵Ͼ˼ĺ̻ĺ̻н飬Ȼ̫ݡ
Ҷô˵Ҳ˿
ţʵҶֵܣʲôʱͿأôûϵأû˵Щĸм֮ĻҲѾҶ쵱Լˡ
ҵͿû졣Ҷش
ˣǰһƸֵ÷зӦþҶֵɣЦʵ
ҶǺһЦ̾˿˵ҲǱƲѰ˵ţֵЦϴƸӶЭſڣΪȥͿʱ㻹ŤŤģڿӦþΪ˹ɣ
ͷƤЦٺ٣ҶֵܣЦˡ
˹︸ΪҪһأҶʵʵѾ²³ԭ
̾˿˵ʵãûܲòϲ
ˣҲûҪñַʽɢǰɣҶЩʵ
ģҵ֪Һͺһ֮ΪǾ˸ңҪҼ޹ȥҲǵ˫棬˵ԼѾǺˣŽ¸ˡһҵȻǴΪŭһ֮׵ķʽ͵
ԭˡҶͷ׹򺫷翴ȥ˵Ӻɷ򣬾ӦøҰҺޣ磬һ֧ǵġ
ҶֵܣмĻֵҲ˵ˣԺ˺ӣɵЦ˵ͨ죬ֵ򺫷Ƴһۡ
ǺǣǸãһ˸˺ӡҶ쿪Ц
˶ǺǺЦ
ЦƬ̣ҶʵҶֵܣҪȥ𣿡
ǰʱȥǰɡҶش
ǿĺ̻ĵ̣˼ĺ̻µʱǻ鷳ǵ
ĺˣҺĺ̻ҲЩ飬û׼ܽĺ̻֮ǽ⡣Ҷ츧ο
Ҷôһ˵Ҷĺ̻Ứ³֮ϵټȹɶһ㽻ĺ̻˵ϻˡ
˵ţҶȡǰѱ磬ʵǰǴҪأ
룬شĻҲҪɡ
˼һ쾳ǿ׷쾳ǿߵĽܿͿ׷ˡҶ˵
ǿôأüͷǵ
Ҷʵǿ֪ǰǵ·
·в٣ֻ·ƵñȽԶµʮִܵǡ˵
ʱ䲻⣬ֻҪȫСҶ˵
ͷͬȻȥͳ˵һ·ߡ˵űߵſڣ복
ЩⲻȥҶֵܣӻ᲻ᵢԼأ
ҶЦЦҲ׼Ҫȥǣûʲôġ
ܿ˻صλϣѸ˵ˣǻԶ·ǰǣҪʮִܵ
ԴˣҶȻûʲôģҲһºſʼ


507 
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̱һ飬ȥ
ǰ۾յèϿ˿Ӱüͷ΢΢Եмԥǻ
Ƭ̣ˡ
̱һȻš
վһŮӣһʺɫۣͷϴų۵Ķñס룬ֻ¶͡
Ŵ򿪣Ůӷ˶ñȻҶա
̱ʶŮˣڵʶŮˡ
һǰŮ˴ԭƽ˵ֵĻ벻ҪѰؼ䣬벻֪Լ
ʱ̱δ϶ĻشûȥŮˣҲȥκˡ
Դ뿪ҶһεΪʧܶ¶ܹƭҺһΪڣ
ЩƭľüΪͶɣԣŮͻȻǰ˵ǶĪĻҲûš
Ů뿪˵һºȻˡ
̱֪òǰŮˣΪ˵ЩͷβоݣƺƾġǰЩƭӣҲԼ棬˵컨׹˷ֲǼ١
̱ã𣿡ҶЦ̱ʵ
Ů˵ʱͺԼ֣ǵһ㣬̱ڳ׵ΪƭҲø;֪Լ֣һ̱ҲѾ̹ˡ
ңһûáֻ̱ش
Ҷһ㶣ЦЦʵ̱ãѵǲŽ˵Щ𣿡
̱Ŀʵʵ˵ͷ
ҶЩΣ֪Լʲô취öԷԼϴѾ˵˶ԷеصǶԷûš
һʱ֮䣬֪Ǻãܲǿа߰ɣ
Ҷп֮ʱ̱ͻȻʵң𣿡
Ҷӷɿһתܿ뵽ǸԳŹµļһһ˼ʵ˵ȷʵμǴνҵ񣬲㲢δɱһˣ෴ģ㻹һԣ㲻ˣľˡ
𣿡̱Žɵʵ
̱ã㲻˵ģҿԴȥһؼ䣬ʱͻ֪һˡҶռȰ
̱ԥ֪Լ굽ʲôΪλΪˣֺ֪࣬ȥЩµʵ
ҶȰ̱ãòججĹɣѵ㲻ǰӣعں𣿡ܹ̱Ҷ㺣ԱԴΪԿ
Ҷô˵̱Щˣһ˿ΣʵңĿԸعں𣿡
ԵģŽ㣬㲢ˣ֮һ⿪ģֻҪһ˼䣬֪еһˡҶϵ˵
Ҫôһؼأ̱ʵ
Ҷǰ̱˵ȥһĵطʱļ䣬һһԼĹȥ
ʲôطأ̱ɻʵ
һ磬㱾ҲǸˡһĻĻҶдһ˿Σǰĳ̱ǳ̱ҶһΡ
ΪҲμһνжֻҵŮ
ʮ糾͵ĸ·ʻš
Ϊĵ۹ĵ۶䷱̶ȻҪԶʤͿҸǿƼ֮ء
ʻڴϣҶɢĴ̽˴ʿؾԲʿţëżܹ쾳ʿ·Ҳֻĵط쾳ɢפˡ
ܿʻǳվ
³ĵһ£Ȼȥһҷݱһ٣ʮ˶ûʲôֻ;һЩСʱ򣬳Թٴ͡
һҷݣʱ緹ʱ䣬൱
߽ݣҶ̲ţҲ֪ǸŮڹΡ
λ롣
һλСӭ˴һſǰüǿĨٲ˲ΣȻƣλ͹ɡ
£һ˵ϲˮһʣλԵʲô
һϺõľƲ˰ɡ˵
һʿԳⷽǺ޵ģƵҲ㼸ˣԵСҲûϸʣˬӦϣλЪһЪȿڲ裬Ʋ˺ܿΪ˵űתȥ
Ҷֵܣǽֱȥĺ̻𣿡СҶʵ
Ҷ룬ҡͷҵطס̽ɡ˵ţʵǿϤ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳǵһء
˵ǰΣֱǰĺ̻ᣬطûôת
Ҷ˵ͷҲû˵ʲô
ʱһ󺺵ĸ̸Ҷע⡣
˵ĺ̻񶾽ִˡһŨü˵
ѾʲôˣˣЪһ죬Ѿһˣûиͣһ˵Ŷһһ
Ũü˵κֵñȽȻûг쾳ǿߣ˫ϰ˳սÿˡ
Դϴζ߿ɶС˫ͳַˣϾҪʼˣҲܸͣһˡһ´˵
һ굽ͷָû꣬Щ˶ǳԱ˳šŨü˵ץһȿ
ǰôй򣬻ȥԺһ档ֵ˵
˵ԺһȺ绨񣬶һǷ۷۵ģǿɵȥѡŨüЦ˵
ҶһգԷתƻ⣬Ҳûټȥ
ϸ룬ϴɶǼȷʵֵͦˣֵزĺ̻װݡ
Ȼǰզզ֣ҶҲȥЩ¡
һٴͣ㷹֮Ǳ뿪˷ݣ·һҿϵεùݣʱڴס¡
˸ոߵùſڵʱùһʮӵ꣬§һŮ˳ҶľӦøոհ¡
ԭҶҲû̫£ǣ˫֮ʣͻȻͣ˽Ų磬Щ˵٣⣬ⲻ˼ҶС𣿡
ԭͺ˵Цûע⵽꣬ԷԼЩɵŤͷȥȻҲһϳ꣬üͷ΢΢㣡겻Ǳˣϴθ׸ҵǸٿǸŮˣʱҵûдӦ޸
Ǳүôү㲻𣿡˵ֳ˳ͺǣһ֣򺫷ƳһۣȻʵѲɣҪ޵ľһ


508 ȼ
ܺ粢ʶǰ꣬ȴڶԷһ˿⡣
˭أʵ
ԥƬ̣ʵ˵ǣϴҵҵǸ󡣡
ôһ˵ҶͺҲ׹
ƳƳ껳Ůӣһߣ˵Һ㵱ʱûдӦҪȻ޸ˣǵίһӡ
˺ⷬȻǲˬˣɫһȻȵСӣʵߣ治СΪҲѹϼһﲻŮ޸㡣ӵŵؾڼԲΪҲͦɹˣȻΪҲǿŵҩġ
ҶʵģƷԣΪٸߣָҸ𣿡ʾط
ǰԼϱļһԭѾ൱ޣּԷһ
СӣҿѹǸɵҲ˭ĵ̣͸ţ죬ү֪ԼмＸ˵ű㽫Ůһƿ
ԷҪֵӣüͷ壬֪ԷļӦЩԲǰǵġ֪ҶڳԼǲԿǽղŸ̤Ǳ鷳Щⲻȥ
ں֮ʣҶ국Ȼ˵ǳǣʲô¶ˣʵ֪ԼмＸҵҲ㡣
עһֱûҶ죬ȻԷòΪƺͲӣԼҵطȻҲûʲôǵġ
ȻǶǾһϰɡԼʵ൱ţ˵֮ӴȡһѳǰϵȻϵ
ΪվùſڴһڣһȺΧ۵ʿȺƺвϳꡣ
ⲻǹȼλŵүƽ
Сǿ˼λˡ
ϴαһλ쾳ǿߺݺһ٣СӾȻԲģҿԸ
ǰȼеԻ˲ǵĴǹȼҲȲ
ΧȺп֪λȼүʲôýɫ
ǹȼҵˣҶ첢δŶ֣ƽʵ
ûүǹȼˣ֪˰ɣƽɪ
£δҲ̫ˣ˵ѹͲʶʲôȼңҺܺ棬ǹȼұǲʲôɽأڳ֮ǰҶȻԷϸֵһЩǵĴ
ǹȼңɽѹ˰ɣƽ˵
ңҶüͷʱȻҵԺȻøӽСرǰ飬ôãҪȻ¶Լݣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ȻɽҾͷһϽŮ˹ɡҶûȥȼҡ
ƽһΪգСӣԽԽˣүշǵøǵɫƣ˵ע׼֡
Ҷε̾˿ֱȭͷŹƽȥ
ƽѸٳһ
أ
ҶȭͷײڹƽϣǲһǡᡱһѿҶȭͷּϮƽؿڡ
һ֮£ƽ˼
Χʱ̾
Ȼһȭ̫˼ˡ
һȭ˿ʽ·ƺֻͨͨһȭѣȻ
òǸ쾳ǿ߰ɣλүӲˣνǶвԱС
ƽȻҲǴһʶԼǰһĶ֣Ҳûȡ裬Ǻݺ˵㣬үš˵űֻ룬λŮһ߽кţһںͷ׷ȥ
ȺܿɢССǿ˵żʡ
Ҷֵܣҿһ²ưոݡЩǵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ǻطŰɡ
˱ؽǰ
ǵĵضΣһռҵƬҵڽΰ׳ʤƻʹ
ӵĵ۹Ϊóĵ۹ļɢģǻĵ۹ҵˣĺ̻ܲ
ƬҵһƬûʵͥԺʮ̻Ի͵ĸ¥˵ĺ̻߲ı
ʱһ¥Ĵշϥ֮СƬԺﲼŴ;󷨣൱Ũʮʺող֮ǰ̤쾳ǲΪɶרŸɶİȫΪɶƽʱٳţ󲿷ʱ䶼ڴ
ںշרĵʱɶͻȻҴҵĴ¥첽ſȥ
ƽʱɶŶϺշ壬һΣȴǽҲûһ㾶ֱſȥ
ɶһƳ֣ٻֳððʧʧӣԺշԵЩ죬ܿ췴ӦæʵɶС㣬Ҫ𣿡
նӳҶˣҶˡɶϲ˵
Ҷ磿շһʱû׹
ûһҶ磬һڳڵķܹӦĴڡɶ˵űſڿ첽ȥ
շ㶣æϡ
Ϊ˾ȼѰҶ˱뿪ǰùסǾǿҪ߳ʱ򣬻Ǳȼ˵˸׷
ȺΪ׵һʮӣ˸󣬴һۣǹƽĸ׹ԨӵŶ쾳ΪڹȼŲСĵλ
ڹƽŵȻǹƽˣֻ϶˼֪࣬ǲڻؼҰȱ·ߵ̫ˤ˸ˤˡ
Ը󣬻һȺȼҸȻλ쾳ǿ߿Щǳõġ
Ⱥ˺ܿ쵲ס˵ĵ̶Ƭ֮䣬ΧѾһȺֵˡ
ñļһҴ˵ġƽָҶ죬׸״
ԨҶȥŭʵƽЦҹȼˣ
Ҷ챻ʵЩĪƽаЦ⣬жߡȻһǹƽʹ˿ƣԼ࣬Ȼ󿸳
ʵҲˣΪƽǣһСС֣ҲĲȥܡƽΪ֪һ㣬ԲŰԼǱҶȼңҲֻø׳
ӸĻУΧҲ˽Ĵţ׷ָָС
һƽǣ˴򡣡
Сӳ֮⣬Ҳûˣݽɫû׼ñ
Ԩ̫ˣԲŽֽԸ񡣡
ȻҶ첢ϣȼϣⲢζǶԷҪôߵĻҲ顣


509 Ԩ
ԶԷʣҶ쵭˵ĶǱ˭˵Ҳ֪֪ǹȼҵƺˣԸ˾ͳôһȺ
Է⸱µӣԨԵøΪŭˣ㻹˵֪Ѳƽϵ˻Լģ
Ҷʼ˵û׼Լġ
һСӣҵҪмͣҹȼҵ޼ɵ˵֮䣬ԨȻȡһ͹ƽһʹǻϵĽµ
ԷҪ֣Ҷ൱ΣŸյǱҪ쾳ǿ߿ս˵ɲʲôͷɻǣȼҵһǾˣһͻᱩ¶Լݣʱɾ͸鷳ˡ
ǵЩҶ˼Ƭ̣˵һǹȼҾͬʱҲȰ㲻ҪûȤһ²һ£ҪΪɽͿԸˣƸڵĺң˸ˣ
ҶᵽңΧ۵ȺʱȻƸЩѾǣĵ۹ˡ
ǣҶȰ沢δԨҲǿֻһ⡣˵ǹȼҵʵҪȺǿһ˵ġ
СӣΣƽҹȼңĹ㡣ԨȻ˵ȻѾˣȻ޹˵ҪǵڷŹСӣ˻ΪԼȼҵС£Է͸סˣպȼϺδ档
ô˵ִҪһսˣְѲٻȥӿѵͲܳЦ𣿡ҶȻҲЩСС൱Ҫӣ£ҪǲսͣȻǲ̫ʵġģҲֻǾ黯С
ԼҶǴԲѡԨȻ˵⸸ͬǶöԷᣬ̫ͣԶԼʵ൱š
ҶЦҡҡͷ˵֮ǰӱ㻹ҪţɽôǻؼҰ˳Ϊоã㻹ûؼҰӸ̧ˡȻؼ֮ǰҲѧѧӣԼϴȭװܾĥӡӲŻһȼҴǰұ𡣡
ԨͷԵˣȻͷϣҲûʧȥǣӶԷⷬУҲһЩζҲ뵽ԼʹÿΪǰҲûзɾ֪ЩԨҲ޿ˣﻢ£Ϊ˲ֳЦֻһҧԷУҲֻܱסԼ͹ȼҵϡ
ȻԼôģǾͱϻˣóһսɡԨȻ˵
ӮΣܱ֤¾ʹ˰𣿡ҶʵҪһս鷳Ȼòˡ
ʵһУӮңҿԲ׷£˵Ļһ첲Ԩ˵ȻԼܡ
ȻԷ˵ĵĶ´ԼҶȴҲû̫£ȻԷΪԼӵһƤˣʹ󶯸ɸǰѰôһǸԲÿ䲻ˡʱһսȻʲôȴѱﲻᶯʲôֽš
һ룬»ǺգҶε̾˿ٵȡ˳
ҶȡһѵȺһ󾪲ʿǶѹıе档
ĹԨҲǰһΪʮֿ϶ĲԷѵһϵ
һΪļһһϵվǰܲļ£ٻԷղǷۣԨһ⣬ǰһǸز¶ǿߡ
аɡҶ쵭Ȼ˵˵䣬ķٵᡱһɫĵֳϹ˹ǵĹۡ
Ԩ¶֮ɫȻǰһѾɻ䣬ﻹлͷأԣҲֻһҧעԪ
ۿⳡ쾳ǿ֮սչɾ˫׼֮ʣȺͻȻŮӽл
Ҷ磡Ҷ磡
Ҷܹ˵ɶֻɶô֪ԼοԼڻŶñѵڽͬҶˣ
Ҷ֮ʣȺǿɶ˽շ
ȺɶһĿܿҶϣƺûвֳЦȥɽк󷽵ĺշ˰ѺϽϡ
ܿܵҶǰҶŶñɶʮֿ϶ϳϲõʵҶ磬ʲôʱǵأ
Ҷ˺һųԾʵɶС㣬㣬֪ң
ɶشյҶԣС֮Ҷķҵġ
û뵽⻹ֹܡҶо档
ҲǸոͻȻءɶҲǲ̫ӡ
Ҷ˵ͷҲû̫ࡣ
Ҷ磬ȻˣҴȥ᳤ɣءɶ˵űҪҶߡ
ҶæɶС㣬ǵȰǰ¸˰ɡ
Ҷôһ˵ɶŲΧΣʱ˷ĹǶĻš
ɶ˭˵ǣĵ۹ʿҲ֪λѧš£ɶļһ׽ټո˵ĺ᳤̻Է˶⶷еݲǿҵĺģǶǽͷӶţ׷ײ²ݡ
Ϊ𾪵ģȻǶ׼Ҷ쿪սĹԨֺϵǰһﾹȻۺݱ֪ˣﻹȥǡ
Ԩ˿ĭ𾪵ͬʱɶʱϵֹⳡս룬Էĺ̻ᶼӼټֳϵΪɲ⣬ۺһһû׼Ǹϵ쾳ǿߡ
Χһ˫˫Ŀ⣬ɶϽջֻҶ첲֣΢΢Σ̬ڡ
ʱշߵҶǰСʵҶֵܣʱʲôأ
շҲһ·뵽ɶеҶܿҶ죬ҶҲͳ׿϶ۡҶˣշŲٵĳݺ;ʵʵֵþġ
Ҳûʲô˵£Ǹȼ֮ЩᣬλȼҴүΪ˱ҽһԾʹԼȻӸ״ҴġⲻѰ𣬶Ҫ֤ԼءҶ콫ľŽһ顣
ԨɫЩѿ֮ǰǹɫҲ֪ȥˣ󷽵Ĺƽɫ࣬ϵԼľȻĴӻؼⲻ˵ðٴˡ
շ峯ԨȥҪڣԨһЦ˵ԭֻǸᣬçײˣͷһúùܽȮӣеҶǰຣʱ򣬹Ԩﻹ˿Ƣ˵Ͻ⵵ֵ˽ˣΪǵ


510 ǧǧ
ΧȺЦԨ֮ǰʯͷԼĽţΣ˭Ҫ˸ôǵء
ҶԭͲȥȼң¼ԷѾĵǸȻҲٵôߣȻϵܶϴˣܽƽأ¾ô˰ɡ˵ű㽫ٵջشС
Ҷô˵ԨһæлҶǰʹˡ
Ҷ쳯˰֡
ԨͷԼӺݺݵһۣȻһ˫ֻȥ
ƽҲҿҶ죬æŲӸ˸׵ĽŲ
ȹȼߺ󣬺æǰɶշк
ˣշԲ죬Ҷ쿴˿ʵĪǰ˼ұ׵ʱҵľҶֵܣ
ǺǣҲֻΪճɾˡҶЦ
շ򺫷翴ȥû뵽Сϲ˾ȻǺֵܡ
Ц
ҶʵȻնӳ֪£˼Ѿĺ̻к˰ɣ
շ˵ͷ˵˼ȷʵ˵£ֻǵʱǲ֪ǿеĵ߻Ҷֵܡ
Ҷ̾˿ˣȻѾҹˣǾȥĺ̻˵ɡ
ǣһ˱㳯ųķȥ
·ϣɶʵҶ磬ҪŸñأ
Ϊ˲ٵˣ鷳ԲסòҶ͵
շżֲ²ʵĪƸںұҶֵΪʮֿ϶ΪҶľ׵ҲСڡֻǶʮ쾳ǿʵָҶƸڣŻд˲ɡ
ȷʵˡҶҲûȻշû̫Ľ飬ԷΪ൱Ͽɵġ
ҶϣշԵЩŹ֣һΪҶȥҶеΪҶܴܶ쾳ǿ߸е̾
ƸڵҲ˵һЩĴ׷飬ҶĴǺΣգɶǵ˵
ĺˣͣһʱҲҲҡҶ첻ΪȻڽϣҲܿٴ񣬴ñֻɴʿԣҲܰϡ
Ҷô˵ɶԷЩҶ磬ҪԺĺ̻ɣҲͲõҵ׷ɱˡ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵һһЩҪҪȥ죬Բ̫áҪĿĻΪѻڤҵѻڤֱӻ׽ɽչ꣬ȡܾ콫Ϊ쾳쾳ԲĻҲָտɴˡ
ɶź
ҶʵɶС㣬ȽûоʲôʰɣϾڵĶػûбѱ֤Ḵ
ɶ˵ͷ˵ܺأһҲûС
ҶǺһЦԸ̧Ѱ
ţɶӦһ־ٵҶǰ
ҶסƬ̣ɿ֣ڲĶػȽȶĿӦò󡣡
Ҷ磬̫ллˣҪκȣҿµһءɶм˵
лʲôأˣ֮ĽŶϴҴǸŮӿ䣿Ҷʵ
㲻ҶˣǰһӣǴ׳Ǳи༫ΪƯŮӣһСĳǳƺΪޣŮǲҶҪҵˣҲͲȷˡɶ˵
ޣҶһʱ뵽С裬æʣŮڻϢ𣿡
ɶش˵ϼ壬Ϊĺ̻ûʲô飬Ҳѽһȷϡ
ɶôһ˵ҶٸǣϼĪץҶ飬ôĵ¡¾󣬱׳ǡ
˱߱ģܿ˳ĵƬҵ
ǰƬҵĹģҶоֱ̾һСͳУ䷱̶ֳȿЩС
˴ҵִ֣ĺ̻ܲŵִԺ
Ժǰ˰أҶܹоԺ״ţɶλڣﻹõʲô
ߵǰɶȡһһӣſڴһƬ͸Ĳƣָܿƽ
Ҷ磬ɡɶ죬Ҷ롣
ҶһԺȥһʵԿɶСѧ裬׻ԺҲܳܵס쾳ǿߵȫɣ
Ҷֵܣɵ͹ɶСˣֻҪ㹻֧ţ׻Ժȫóסκιշ˵
շôһ˵Ҷ컹淢Լȷʵǵ͹ɶѧ裬Ҫóסκιַɵжôˡ
ҲǾĵ۾
Ծӣɶæǫ˵ʵҲûôأҪסǿĹ͵ͬȻ˵ȷʵóסκιʵϻǺо޵ġټ󷨶Ҳֻܲô󣬳Ժ֮⣬Ҳͱˡ
ˣҲѾ൱˲ˣ֮£˿ɶС֮⣬ҲͲеڶܹóˡ羪̾
ָ޵ǰɶǵ֮ѧš
ͱٿˡɶ죬ԺߣǸȽŮ
һţǰͻȻŮҲҪԣҲŲҪԣǶƭӣǶľһǴƭӡ
Ż£ǰһ¥ܳһСŮǺǧǧСѾͷŻСһ㣬ֻݿȴЩ㲡
ղһľҶ˺һӣ𵱳뿪ũؾ֮ʱڴӦСѾͷ񶼿ˣҶȻûϵȻǸԼ
ٴοǧǧҶܿģ֪òѾͷ̹Լݣڹ֮ʱûϵǧǧǵԼҲûпǹ⡣
ǧǧܳţѾ׷˳вͣšС㡱
ǧǧһܳű㿴ɶлһ㵽ɶ
ǧǧôˣɶźǧǧСԴʵ
ɶ㣬ǻǴƭӡǧǧ˵
ʱѾҲѾ˹ǹɶ΢
ʲôأɶʵ
ɶС㣬ںСҩءһѾ߽͵
ɶ׹ǧǧȰǧǧҩôأ˾͵óҩҪȻôأ
ɶ㣬ҲҪҩǸҩ̫ѳǧǧС죬ҡɶ֣
ֻҪ۾һȥͿˡɶ˵
ҲҪԣ̲ȥǧǧ
ɶ̾˿ͻȻ뵽ҶҽڣæҶ˵Ҷ磬鷳ǧǧһɣ⺢ӾԽԽˡ


511 
ǧǧҶ쿴ȥɫ񣬻öñס˵ӣǾͶ㵽ɶ
õʲôأҶɻʵЩ棬ѾͷǵʲôĲȻĺ̻Ҳβá
Ѿҽƹˣɶ첻ʲôëľȴһֱܵ䡣ɶǵ˵
ڳԵʲôҩأҶʵ
᳤һЩĵҩԣȴҲЧɶش
Ҷ˵ͷǧǧ˵ѾͷѰ
ǧǧҡͷҲҪɶ㣬ҲҪ忴ɶ㣬ȥľòأ
ҶΪա
ɶæȰοǧǧȫĴûβõĲԹȥ㿴һԺͲҪҩˡ
ɺǧǧҡҡͷ
ѾͷЩµӣҶҲֻܽñȻ¶ѾͷҲϲΪѾͷľǸӡ
忴Ӧòǻ˰ɣҶЦǺǵǧǧʵ
ǧǧŴ۾ĿҶ졣
ǧǧٺµӣҶǰǰӣС
Ƭ̣Ҷüͷɿֺ˵ȷʵûвֻǾЩԡ
ûĻúõôᾫأɶɻ
֢״ǴʲôʱʼأҶʵ
Ҫ˰ɣǰȥũؾ֮Ϳʼˣ߶Ҫȥľ塣еľ壬ǰؾ;ʶһӡɶԲ˵ϾǧǧΪȥ͵͵ȥũؾ
ɶⷬҶãȻûϵѾͷǣ̶ֳȡ
֪Ժǧǧ˵һεľʵ̫ˡļͥ°ĺǻҲڱǸҸĺӣǹһ
ʵϣǼƽģСÿ춼Ƿſڣ֣ĳɳûвûʲôж£Ҳûʲôֵ̽¡ΨһΣǴǰũؾľƽмɲ
Ǵһ޿ȥ޴ӣҶ֣ǴһվʱһֻҶܹ֣Ҳڳˣͯʹһ㡣
͵ĺӣǰδ֪ź棬Щʵģ̵̼ܸļ䡣˵ҶһҫǣȻݣȴĹԡ
Ҷһ˵״Ӧһ֢״ɡ
ǿκ𣿡ɶڴʵ
νĲҩҽֻҪ⿪Ľᣬ֢ȻͻʧˡҶش
ô˵ҲֻҵеľκĲˣɶʱֳü˵ʵ᳤Ҳһֱڽ硢еľ壬ֻ˺ããҪҸһôס
ҶЩЦãʱԼòֶٵģԷҵõŹ֡
а취ܹκĲҶ˵
ʲô취أɶһڴĿҶ졣
취ЩٺɡҶԸ
ɶһʱʧˣҶӦٰλɣʵ취ҲԹˣһЩľòƵĴӻɶǱһ۽Ҵˡ
Ҷúգİɣһа취Ϊġ֪Ҳֻܰľ塣
ȥЩٺշ˵űתȥ
ɶϵѾʵүڼ
үԹ緹ͳˡѾ߻ش
ɶ˵ͷֿҶ죬˵Ҷ磬Ƚɡ
ţҶӦһȻɶǰǴ¥ȥ
һ߽͸һɡׯصĸоڿһ̴ľСԲڷžµĲʹɱƷһţԲΧڷŶ״ʵľʡĿԽԲԿԴŵǵǽϹдûòư˺촺ͼû·һſǽƽͷϰԴƿмǰһŰһ׼߷̫ʦΣָǹ;ġ
μҾһɫСҶ̴ľڸӲľ̴ľʵΪϸܣľĵķأˮ̴ǧ겻ܳɲģ̴ľֱΪʮң̶ȿ֪
ɶк˾ַԸѾ˲衣
ҶʵɶС㣬˵ĺ̻񶾽֮ϵȽϽţǻ᳤һææİɡ
ǰʵĺ̻񶾽֮ìҲһˣЩìܶ붼ҶڴҶԡѪսȴʲôҲˣ˵ʵɶü̾˿
ɶãôܹأһе˶񶾽ģǲסȰο˼ĺ̻Ҳĺ̻񶾽֮ĶԹ
˵û񶾽ЩаޣɶСͱ̫ˡҲȰ񶾽֮ҲŲ֮
ɶ˵ͷֿҶʵҶ磬أ
ҪǳģԵӦþͻ뿪Ҷش
ѵҶҲҪμ𣿡ɶЩʵȻ֪Ҷ֮
Ŀǰûμӣֻ˻һζҩҶʵ˵
֪ҶҪʲôҩأһЩΪϡҩ֮⣬ĺ̻һ㶼ռõɶ˵
ҪζҩǼΪϡ֮ѻڤɶСӦҲ˵ɣҶʵ
ѻڤɶīڤһҡҡͷ˵δ˵ζҩѵǱȷҪϡ֮
ҶһЦҪȷϡ棬ɴֱӷˡ
ĺ̻ᣬҶ첢δ̫ϣϣϣϣܴЩɫɫʦҵҼ޼ڵǾòˡ
ţҶ˳ʵǿɶС˵Ѫʺʮ㷵¶ζҩģҶ˵֮أɴǡ
ҩ˵ҲֻһЩżвܿʵмѰٲһЩʿؾڡɶش
ҶɫԵΪأҵЩʱܾǿ޵ϣɶôһ˵ʱϣã
Ȼ֪ҶѰЩϡҩΪãǿǰɥģɶȰοҶ磬ҲǣѰҩͺһǻԵҶǸԵ֮ˡ
Ը˰ɡҶ쵭ȻһЦ˵


512 ؽ
Ҷ磬뿪֮ʲô𣿡ɶʵ
ȻʦñץȥˣȻȥ̽Ҷش
ɶ˵ͷѵҶ磬ҵɲĺ̻Сʱɵý¡
֪ˡҶڴӦ
˵ţշӴ˽
ҶֵܣҪĶˡշҶǰ˵һҶȥ
ҶӹշĶʣоأȥ硣
Ҵȥɡɶ˵űҶһ
֮Ҷָľ󣬻ص˿
ϤĴɶͺշʱסˣҲǧǧеľ壬ȻҲһ۱ϳǰӾԾǻʵľ塣
˾֮ʱǧǧȻҲϳӡڼеϲȥﻹšľ塱
ҶӣǧǧЦ˵СѾͷΪҸءСѾͷٻЩġ
أľ壬ôôòǧǧأǧǧҶ컳һѱһᣬίͰ͵Ŀ
Ǵ岻ãˣûʧԼɲҪǴƭŶҶ츧źǧǧԴ˵
ǧǧ˵ͷ˵ľ岻Ǵƭӣǧǧϲľˡ
ϲľ壬ﻹѱϲأҶЦʵ
أ˭ľôòǧǧǧǧСֲͣҶϴ
±ԲŲģҪٴңҿɾŶҶ˵
Ҫľ岻ߡǧǧϽץҶѣҶƵġ
ҶǺһЦ˲ᣬ˵úúãߣֻҪ㲻壬Ͳˡ
ľ壬ĺҪˡǧǧָҶϸļٺ˵
Ҷֱӽӳ˵ĺ͵ˣû˺ôϲأǸѾͷ
Եɶ˶ô󺹣˵ǺǧǧСѾͷˣҲûϳ
ɶǰԾ˵Ҷ磬û뵽ϴũؾǸӡ
շͬǴ𾪣ļǵãǰԷеؾδԲΪ̶̰֮ڣǷΪ쾳ʿǿߣ־ٶҲֻÿֲˡ
̾Ƭ̣շָܿƽЦ˵Ҷֵܣ㲻ٺӣһϲ
Ǻǣʵڲ˼ôãҲǾûʲôҪ˵ݣԲһֱûἰҶЩǸ˵
ô˵ϴҶֵҲǿݽ飬ԲŻðɣշЦʵ
ǰϴǵ֪ɶС鷳ԲųֵġҶϵ
˵ϴοɶҶֵܣҪȻɾͲˡշ˸м
նӳˡҶڰ֣Ц
ʱһԻŮЦһҶͷ϶ʱðϸôĵЦǻλ˭
һҶϽĺ¸ϣµ۾
Ҷװ֮ʱֻһ۵Ļºһ߽
Ҷ콫ӴһȦɫ޳гۣһŹǷŨüƽһվ˫ӥһϬӸͦ絶ǵŨܵϴͻʣҲɢһµ֮
Ҳ֪һĺ̻Ļ᳤ؽ
ؽͻ̸Ц߽ôˣ˵̸ͣǽЩ˸ɨһ顣
ɶλǣؽɶʵ
ûɶش𣬺ǧǧ˵ľ塣
Ŷؽ۾һԳԾҶ쿴ȥʵѵϴũؾȹСŮλľ
ǰϴҲֻǧ𡣡Ҷش˵䣬Ŀȴʱʱ³ȥΪͶĿڡ
䣬ȴ˵λľôźأǲļأЦһ˵ţһ߳Ҷ˹ȥɽҶȫë
Ǻǣ³һɡҶЦ͵
˵꣬Ѿߵ˸ǰֻ̧ϸ֣Ҷϣһļٺӣһһ˵ľһĺӻţֻЩôžôŤأ˵ţһֻ˻һҶϵļٺװģ˵ѽǲ˼û뵽ĺӾȻ㲻ȥ
ҶѾ죬û뵽Ů˵Ŀ⾹㶾һ۱ʶװڵĶǲȬˡ
ôʶݣˣߣǸСºߺһĺҶϡ
ҶŮ൱ûƢģΨһģǾıܶԶ֮
Ҳ൱ؽһͷˮһʵϣ⵽ôأ
᳤Сһ˲ˣ㲻²Ǻˡؽʵ
ŶؽµؽҶϸһЦ˵ܵõ֮ͣҲֻһˣҶ죿
Ǻǣ¡Ҷϵ
Ҷϣؽ飬ͷ޵ԹӢ۳꣬һȻǲɶõ꿡š
ҶЦЦǫػ᳤ˡ
ؽɻôոСŮ˵ľ壬ôأ
ɶæ͵᳤ʵǧǧũؾʶλľ壬Ҷװɵġ
ԭˡؽͷ׹
ʵСһ˵ǰһӽƸַ죬ǲǱأҶƸڵ飬ҲǴФܹ˵ġ
ϵϢ湻ͨģοɲѵģֻ·ѡҶ˵
˵ǰƸڵĺұҲҶΪˣؽЩ𾪵ʵ
ҶҲֻܸЦ
ˣ˰Ҷ죬㺰ش磬꽻ˡǰ;ļһҿɵȸ׽ԺɾͷǷͿСˡؽʮֺˬ˵
˽Ǵ󺹲ѣ׶ţ˭λ̽۷ĴȻ˵ֽЦԷǵĻ
ػ᳤˵ЦˣݵλӦ¸˲ǡҶҲֻǫظ
ؽڰЦǻ磬ҵ۹ȷʵǲһǿΪڽ磬ҳҲֻǸƴֵ˰ˣ򰡡
ؽⷬȻǫɷ֣ȴҲǸʵȻٿӴҵ۹ͳ쾳ǿߣϾֻ쾳Ϊʹ쾳ǿߣηĺ̻֯Ǻؽˡ


513 
ںؽĥ֮£ҶҲֻΪѵĺһش磬úؽ̤ʵ
һڴҶἰѻڤźؽͻҲû˵Ȼؽ˵æҶ첢δ̫ϣ
ش磬֪ʲô취Լ޼ڵҶʵʵؽæһ£ܹλ۷Ĵòˡ
޼Ӽһ굽ͷҲһ棬ҪҲֻˡؽ˵
ѲɺشԵţҲ棿ҶЩ죬Ȼûϵλ޼Ȼô
˵׼Ȼ޼ڵ֮ܲڣ޼ƽʱδػܲؽش
ҶЩźص˵ͷ˵ʼܹ޼Ҳû취Ӵɣ
ȷʵˣĪҪѻڤϢؽʵ
뷨ҲζҩģҲϣˡҶԵмǣܾԼѻڤԽԽԶˡ
϶ڣܹܵ޼ĽӼǺǣȻҲֻ˵˵ѡؽڰЦ
Ҷû̫⣬Ϊ˼λ޼һ棬μͷ¶棬Ͼϱضҵˣ̫ɾ
ʱͻȻ˵˵Ĺھǲ˵ĶŶ
ŶѵִӵʲôСϢˣؽʵеĵ޼ڽ޼֮µһλҲĿǰΪֹĵ۹Ψһһλ߼ʦ
ϴæ˼Ԫ鵤˳˼䣬˵©ˡ˵쿩Ц
ҿһǱûƽȥ˰ɣҶ컳ɵ
Сһ㶼ѽ˵ʲôˡҶ˰ۣ
ؽǺʵεĽʲôأ
˵һž˵
֣˶۾һҶһ
κʿ˵ҪǿΪֻеؾϵΪܷá
书ЧǾԲǵ鵤Ԫ鵤֮ͨҩܱġ˵ؾǰʿ˴˹ںܶʱڽΪؾԲؾԲʿô˹ֱͻƿ̤쾳쾳ʿķЧǾ͵øΪˣٶʿʡʮʱ䡣
ȻֶƵķãÿһ֮жֻܷһţͺͷһ
Ҷ˵ЧΪΪ׵ҩ֮һ
Ϊ׵һ־̸мصһ浤ҩʵⵤҩҲֻǽĹЧŴһǣһȴζűһֻܳһŵĶȴܳţҲֵˡ
Ϊ֪Ϊ׵ƷҶκ˶õ
ش磬ɻܱҶæؽʵֻҪһֱŶ񣬾ڳҲᱩ¶ݡ
ڿǰֹؽ򵥵Ļش
ôСһǴμ𣿡¿Ҷ뷨Цʵ
˱ȻȥȡȡˡҶüͷһ˵
СһЩɲǹ⿿ȡܵõġЦѵ
ؽʵ죬ѵ֮𣿡
ѧһӣСɰɡҶǫ˵
Ȼˣǲȥ԰ɣ˾Ӧƴؽͬ
ҶͷʵҪαأ
Щһ㰲ŵģֻҪȥμӾͿˡؽ˵
ǾͺشˡҶл
ؽڰֵĻͱ˵ʦɵչչĺ̻ᰡ
᳤ͱȥЩңɼˣǶǰɣܰСһĺ̻ϣԺʦҲĺ̻¿Цѵ
Ҷúգؽȴ۾һæ˵Լǣǲ֪ˡ
ʵҶ첢κԷôʣԵЩΪѣƬ˼һѵĽڣش磬Ҳ֪ڿҵĴУټĺ̻ϵĻǻĺ̻ᴦΡ
Ҷôһ˵ؽüͷĿǰĺ̻֮ǽˮˮĹϵ񶾽ΪͬһأߵԱȽϽʱңѱǲ񶾽̣һԸĺ̻ᡣ
¿˺ؽԥæѵ᳤ҪˣСһԯҽɴŶ
ѣؽ۾һЦЦ˵ĺ̻񶾽֮ս񶾽һߵúܽҳҲһԸĺ̻ᣬȻˣҲǰǽ𡣡ֻҪܵõҶ⣬ֲŻڵſҲϧġ
ʧЧҶ˸ڣ˵ش磬һҪǾҲ㵱ιɳһְ
һҲò⣬ĿǰᣬԵΪպгˣٻΪĺ̻ųͳˡؽΪ˵
ȻԷѻ˵ˣҽЩʧһ˼Ҷ˵ҪشҼʱ俼ǿǰɣ뿪֮ǰһ𸴵ġ
ؽͷǺðɣϸɣʵڲ뵱Ҳǿġ
ҶȻ֪Է˵ֻǿ׻ҲͻһЦ뵽˺£Ǳ˵ش磬»һҪ鷳㡣
ʲôֱ˵ˡؽˬ
˼Ǳߵ£شҲ˵˰ɣҶʵ
ؽĳĺ翴һۣͷ˵˼Ǳȷʵиߴк
Ҷֵȫ˹شæ˵˵
ؽüͷ΢΢ЩΪѵ˵֪ٲϼһִĺܣ¾ҳҲδػӡ
ؽⷬҶһᵽؽλ᳤ĺ̻ȨǶôޣȻԲٿĺ̻תҪЩ쾳ǿߣɾˡ
˺ؽΪѣæ˵ҶֵܣѾˣ»Լ취ɡ
ǰҸطǾԶҲҲˡƺⷽĴ㡣
֮ǰ˵ǣȻﵽףҲ̫ġҶ˵
ؽ룬ҪԼ˼ҵ˹ʱһЭЭ̣һܰæ˵ϼ䡣
Ǿ鷳شˡҶмҲ׷ױʾл⡣


514 
Թ󣬺ؽַԸ˸˰˷䣬ǧǧСѾͷҪҶһ˯ҹ͵͵Ƶġ
ԴˣҶҲ൱ΣǵֻǸʮѾͷǿ
źǧǧص䣬СѾͷºܸߣһֱ˵ͣ
ľ壬ǧǧȥ棬кööĵطǧǧ˵
úúã£˵ɣڸϽ˯Ҷ˵
ǧǧ˯أǧǧкö໰Ҫľ˵ϴյʱ򣬵͸һСǧǧ˵
СʲôأҶʵ
ǧǧȡһֻ˶޵ڻ˵ľ壬С
Ҷ캹գðɺðɣͱ˯ɡ
ҪҪľ˯ǧǧ޵˵
ŮôԱк˯أԣŵ˯ɡҶϽ
ҪҾҪľ˯ǧǧ
ҶֲҲֻȽ˯Ȼ˷ٵ
Ϊ˼Ǳ߾޳Ҳٵʱ䣬Խ죬Ҷ첢ûʲô¡
ڶ죬ɶҶڳйǧǧСѾͷҲƨƨߵĸš
˾ⷱǹһ죬ʱ֣˻صĺ̻ܲ¥ʱһϤŮӣϴշһͬȥũؾӪȺǧǧǸ硣
簢̣磬ǧǧֽл
ѭĿҶͣƬ̣ΪʱҶŶñǣźǧǧһֻ֣ȻЩ档
Ƭ̣ŲĿ⣬Цӯӯǧǧ˵ǧǧôôأ
簢̣ľˡǧǧҡҶ֣˵
ľ壿һʱûӦɻҶ쿴ȥ˼Ƭ̺׹ʵĪľƣ
ǺǰҶЦųϵ
üͷ΢΢һ壬Щɵ˵ôоأ
ɶŽ͵㣬ʵҶϴũؾʱǾװģҲıˡ
ԭЦЦҲû̫⡣
ɶʵһ᳤ģ
ǰɽǱߵ᳤㱨һ¡ش
ûʲôɣɶһɫʵ
Ϊ˫Ҳսˡ˵
ǾͺáɶһʵսƺЩ˰ɣ
̾˿԰˵˵ѾˣֻǲеĶû취ȿǱסˡ
ⷬɶҲͬѹ˺öΣȻ֪ʧȥȽŵʹܿ뵽Ҷ죬æҶ죬Ҷһа취սҽεİɣ
ȻɶˣҶȻҲ÷ϣֻЦŵ˵ͷ
ȴЩɵҶ쿴ȥҶ컹ֻǸؾڵͨʿѣȻŶԷ
ɶ˳뷨͵㣬֪ҶԯҽɴŶ
ԯҽɣ۾͵һٴγҶ쿴˹ȥĻǳԾļ˵Էԯҽɴ˵Ļõȿ»оˡ
ǵأҵҲҶκõġɶٶȿ϶
ɶôһ˵ҲͲκεĻˣæ˵ǾͷҶӳˡ
ˡҶ׵ػص˵Ҫٹȥɡ
㡣˵
ˣĺ̻ˡҶƴǵ
Ҳûټ֣ͷӦ
Ƭ̺󣬳ȥҶҲؼҳȥˡ
ϣҶʹ˻ŽǧǧѾͷԼ˯
طҶ쿴˿¶СڣСһﻹں˯ϴγԵǿŻ޺ˡ
˯ô㣬ҶҲûȥҲʺͷ¶档
ߵǰٽǿϵӥ޵ȡ˳
޵ԽԽˣͷâѾɫӣʱͻˡ
ҶڵϸţСһﲻͣӣܻϲӡ
Ƭ̣ҶԪιȻͶһԣԹԵ˷ٵ
һϺܿȥڶ죬ҶԼǰ¼ҡ
ԭɶԴҶȥǵĺ̻񶾽֮ϵţǵĻʵ̫ΣգҶҲûȥ
¼Ҳ֮ڣλǱϣֻһʱ·
ĺ̻˵һΪҪľŦΪ񶾽̵ϳڻƳǣƳλǱĺ̻սʶͨתġ
ִʱҶ쵹ԳһԭΪֻǸɳһСӣϾȻÿƸڡ
Ҷĺֱ̻ĺֻᣬӭһͷ׵ͷ
һҶ³ͷӭǰȥӭҶǰݹ٣ϷĺֻܹӹղſɶСصطԸϷڴ˹Ҷǰݡ
ԭܹܣˡҶЦ
ӦõģӦõġӹ϶Ц⣬ԵüΪ顣
û뵽Ȼ㷱ɿһĳˡҶ˵
Ϊĺ̻ľŦԻ᳤һֱעشĽ衣ӹ˵
ô˵Ӧþֻг¼һɣҶʵȻĺ̻ͶʽģȻܱϷ֡
ǣҶǰҪȥ¼Ұɣ֮ǰɶСϷ˵ˡӹ˵
Ҷ˵ͷֻܹҪָˡ
ӹæ˵ҶǰĹͣϷԵʱźҡ
᲻ᵢܹܵĹأҶڵ
ӹҡͷ˵ᣬᣬǰӳ¶Сһ޵޺˸ĳȥˣϷҲһֱհǮ͹ȥء
޵޺ˣһἰҶȻ˵ũؾ˵Ǹг˪˪Ůˣٱ֮ʱԼǿ޵޺͸Ҳ֪ھΡ
ǰǰ¶СͰ޺ˣֻϵ޺Ǻܺãټϳ¶С㿪ָߣֱȥӹ˵
ǰҶüͷһ壬⣺ǰӦòǴũؾ֮ʱʱ䡢Ʒϣ涼ǺˣѲɶԷеĳ¶Сǳ˪˪
뵽Ҷʵܹܣеĳ¶Сǽʲôأ
гաӹش̾˿˵ǰһϸǰ߶Կ񶾽̵ʱ˶ڻ߲·ǵ²мˡ˵һҡͷ
ҶʧǴһ˿ʵܹ֪ܿ¼Ƿһλг˪˪Ĺû׼ǿ޺ǳ˪˪гġ


515 ¸
˪˪ӹԴ˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ˵Ӧû˰ɡ
Գ¼˵˪˪Ĵһֳ裬ԣȻܽȥ翴˪˪Ҳֻǳ¼һˣ˸Ͳ֪һ˴ڡ
ҶźܾԼЩǷǸŮˣܹټҲòһ
Ҷǰ˵ؾ¼һһ·̣ȥͽȥأӹʵ
߹ȥɡҶ˵
ӹͷУ·˳㻹ԴҶǰ۹һ
˵ţӹҶ쳯¼ҷȥ
·ϣӹһһ㣬һߣһҶĸ
˲Сʱ˷ŵִ¸ſڡ
ſڵȻϵӹǷǵûЦǺǵӹк˽ֽ֮ͷӶСǸñļһ
˸սű˳磬Ҷæӭȥ
˼󣬳Ҷǰյķ䣬ӹδȥЩǮ˳Ȼڴȴ
ҶųߵһǰҪţһĴһŮӺ
඼ãһȺͰȥϽСȥ
ǣǣŮӵ
ڴϣŴͷԭֻĸϻټڷһȣƢҲ͸ӱˡո˵࣬Ů࣬ģһ֮¾ķŮࡣ
ŮӦ󣬻æȥʰϵ롣
ԷĥĥģջĽһƵȵСȥû𣿸Ͻ
ŮıƬһӣȴҲҺһֻܵͷӦһȻỨ첽ȥ
֨ѽ򿪷ţȴһɫվſڡ
Ůæ˲۽ǵˮ΢񣬺С㣬Ȼ󿿱վţõ
Ҷ쿴ŮŲʮӣõͦģֻ⣬һӡ
ٿѩ׵СѱѪȾ죬Ҷ̽ץ֣עһԪŮǵ˿ۿɼٶ
Ƭ֮Ҷɿ֣ŮĵȬֻһĨѪ
лǰŮϽл
Ҷ˵ͷȻ󳯷ȥϵĳսȽ˲鲻⣬ǨŭǾĲˡ
ιʲôأҴС㷿üŭȵ
󷽵ĳæѵݵλǽصȵҽ
ҽɵس˳Ҷ죬ıԹͷһ˵ӣʲôҽأǸʿ㣬ô˻أ
ǳգôô˵ϽҶҽǸ
˵ĿɶʵҪǸ㣬Щô߰ҽӹҽҲ˵
ˣˣȻ¶С㲻Ҫλӹҽ֣һʡ˷Ҷڰ˵˵űתſȥ
ԭĹλ¶Сƣ£ʶλǧСƢҲûǸˡ
ҶתҪߣʱ󼱣һʱ֮䲻֪ȰãҶ졣
ֱҶߵſڣϵĳŭһ䣬Ȼæתſ׷ȥ
׷ҶĽŲ󣬳ϽǸҶӣʵڲ˼ĻƢ˲С˹Ҫƽϡ
ҶʱѾȫûŮβ˵㣬ҶֻǸˣˣĽСжѣǧ֮ҿûҽΣ㻹Ͱɡ
æЦ˵Ҷ˵ģҪ㶼û£ҲûҽˣҸӣȥտһɡ
ǿϲŹģѾûβˣɡҶǰȥβÿԷɫͷһϡ
Ȼûģ첽ϣ뿪䣬ȴҶһ仰ס͡
㣬ҶǸ˵һһ˵ǶˣȻѾǾͲٸı⣬˵ƤҲûáҶ˵
ȻԷѻ˵ϣﻹǿȥʵҲͦյģԼôİ󣬶ԷȻ㲻ӣǿŶԷԯҽɴˣҲôõƢ
ǺðɣҶӣɣұ֤´βˡµ񣬳Ҳֻ˳ŶԷ˼ˣϾ˵׻ԼõĴ
ҶʲôҲû˵ֱǰȥʵǿĺ̻ϣҲ˵졣
Ҷӹæӿӭ˳
Ҳ뿪˳¸
·ϣӹҶʵҶǰղſ´Сɫôÿѵ¶Сû𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ˵һûأƷԣȳҲǻá
ӹǺЦ֮ǰϷҶǰˣλ¶СȷʵʲôźʣҶǰǲ𣿡
˵ɣ뵽ʱ´СȻɶСҿڣĻҶҲøɶСӡҶε̾˿
˵Ҳǡӹ˵ͷʣҶǰֱӻȥأҪϷһ䣿
Ѿܹôʱ䣬˼鷳أǻȥɡҶش
鷳鷳ֻҪҶǰ£ϷһҲӹЦǺǵ˵
ǸٹɡҶڵ
ǳɡӹͷ
صĺֻҶֱǡ
ûϣɶȻȺĺ̻ܲ
һҶϽӭȥҶ磬˵ûаսƣ
ҶЩգ֪һɶæȴû϶ԷôＱ
̾˿Ҷʵ˵ǰŮ˼ֱϷүź𡣡
սƢҲ֪Ҷ磬㿴ҵϣٸһλɣϾҲΪĺ̻ս³ģ˵ͷҲһЩϵءɶ
ɶüչӣҶҲֻεشӦðɺðɣ˵ɡ
Ҫأɶ¹ҶƵġ
ŸջѲܹȥҶ캹յ
ɶ룬Ҫȥˡ
˼ҵҲˣʱȥ
Ǿͺˡɶֵ
ʱ˵ɡҶڷܵȻ󳯴ȥ
Ҫ˵Ҷ磬ʹӦɶ׷ǰȥ
úúúͺɡҶٸͷ
磬ȻǧǧѾͷڳ˰죬ʵҶ첢ûʲô¹ֻ֣λСô飬Ҳ˼ܾ


516 С
һȥԹҶֱӻԼ䡣
ߵǰ£ϰԵȽȡ
ȻҶ׼עԪʱ򣬱ͻȻܳһââϣֳԭΣȻǾ׵еСݡ
Ҷв죬˵⸽ǲܻԼճģһô£ѲڵˣҪתˣ
֮࣬ҶϽСһｻȻСһﲻ˵Ҷ֮ͨȻܹ˼
һҶһΪСһѹʲôҲ˼ǰһӦ;׵֮ĥڣѾɹĥڣȫӦ˾׵µҲͿɽˡΪܹɽҶƲ⣬ΪһҪ߼һЩ
ǰСѾԭȵ壬ڵ״̬͸ũؾЩƣ͸â
ֻͲͣ⶯ţڶҶ˵ȴֻѽѽ͸ưƵġ
ҶܹоСƺܺ棬Ϊͬϵ
ţСſСͣĥţϱǺõӣһҲܸоõ
Ǻǣ⵰СһϾҪˣܿͻСˡҶ˵
СҶ˼ĵڵϴѽѽиͣЦģǵҶ̲סЦ
СһƺҲоСݵϢͣζţϻˡײҪƿǶӡ
Сֹ̧ͣСԴ˿²ͣҡεȻһݣڿԾ
ڰͣסֻһţֻ¡һ죬һͷü׵Ｄܵ׵Ӱ죬ͷŵ׵Ϊɫ
ûҶ췴Ӧ׵Ѿ
꣡
ѿһ졣
ŵһཡ죬ͺľһ㡣
ϵѷӿܿڵһȦڡǡһ£ѿ룬ǸëûСϵӥǵ˳ﻹ΢ġӡ
𣿡СǿдӵϳСһҶЩ
СݻϲضݵСϵӥԣСԴСϵӥϲͣţСϵӥҲܿĵӣͣĴ˫ᣬӡиͣ
һѺõӣҶ쵹һġ
ţҶϸֻСϵӥ۲ȻϻûëܹϡϵëΪɫͷβͬɫ͸ĸһ־̸ܵһСһһ߽ޡ
СһԺͽСϺˡҶȡ˸֡
ӣӣСϵӥĴСᣬ嶫εģԵú˷ܡ
ʱСͻȻҶϣСֲͣҶ챳Ĵţѽѽиͣ
ҰѾ׵óҶСʵ
Сݵͷ
Ȼ֪СһҶ컹˼׵˳˴ϡ
СݻشϣС׵ϣȻһֻǣСϵĳһְֻڵϡ
ֻ׵ϵɫâ˳Сݵӣͣע뵽Сϡ
ҶСݵ˼׵еСϳɳϾ׵̺Сĸ׵СҲͬԴ֮
һĻҶΪ𾪣ֻССݴѸٳɳϵëҲǷɿĳ˳Ƭ֮㳤СëҲˡҶ쾪ǣ˲ĹǴֱ߽ӳɳ˾ŽԲ
ֳɳٶȣɽҶ۾˵СϾ˾׵еΪҲͻͽҶܿ㷢֣ڸСϴͬʱСݵ͸ԼһҲСϡ
Ҷ̾СݴȻʱ׻ͻȻ
СӣϽֹǡ׻ԵúܼС
ֹҶһ⣬Ȼû׻˼׻żӣҲʶϽʵҪôֹ
׻ûлش𣬶ֱӶݳҶ壬âСײȥ
䣡£СݱײõһСϴĹҲͱֹˡ
Сƣ˻СԴҲЩҡΡ
׻Ʈǰעһ˿
СոյôأҶɻʵ
ظղǱֻϵӥԪٿˡ׻ش
ϵӥԪ˵Сϵĸ𣿡ҶЩԾʵ
ûЩὫһСԪ޺֮УϴɱֻϵӥȻҲôˣղֻֻӡ׻͵
Ȼ飬ѹСݸղźСôȣԭǱСĸ׸ٿˣǿ¸ĸİҶȻ׹ʣСû°ɣ
Ǳʱֹ¾ҪˣڵĻҲʧһЩѣΪָǺǿģʮҲûˡ׻˵
Ժ󻹻᲻ᱻСĸ׿أҶʡ
޺Ԫʮ޵ģܲٿֻ൱˲ԪҲúľˣûкľҲٴβٿֻˡ׻ش
ǾͺãҲоաҶͷ
ˣûȥˡ׻˵űݻҶڡ
СҲǶص˾׵УҶ콫׵ػص֮£⵶ʧܿͿԻָָٶԶԶҪʿָԪÿ졣
ٿСϣɳٶ̫죬һʱûӦĴ˫ƺҪɣȴֻĸһرQ
ҶЦЦ˵СһˣȰڵȹ˵ɡ
СϡӡţҶϣСԴϲͣţԵüΪǡ
ҶȻ˵СĸϰǸëǴӴȡ˳ݵСϸǰһ˿˵ĸϵëԺ󳤴ˣҲĸһӵôƯëˡ
СŲӾǰëƬ̺̽콫ë𣬽žǡǡҧȥ
ҶЦЦҲû̫⡣
Сʳë֮ϣһӺҪ˯ӡ
ҶҲûٹԸϼٵ
ڶһ磬СڷƺѾ˷СķĴҴܡ
ҶֹͣȥʱһСһĸͷȻһҹֳ֮һһ׳ΪһʥޣҲ֪ΪʳǸëԭ򣬻Сݴԭʡ


517 æ
һӺСԭаʴС΢΢СһЩĴųɵҶϣСԴǵҶĥ
ҶСЩ˳ëЦ˵Сһû뵽ɳѸ١
ӣ
СϹһͨƺڸҶ˵ʲô˵ţһţ¡һ³һָһֵɫâ
âǽϣءһըһһĶ
ͷŮӼűһʧɫŮС̽ͷ￴
Ҷ쳯ЦŮûʲôµӣҶһȻҴȥ
ҶЩСϿȥСԻָ̧ǰǽǸҶ조ӡţҫԼͶɹ
СһԺûҷԸҷŵ磬֪𣿡Ҷ
СԴһ¶ĿҶ졣
˰ˣǸϽȥɡҶ̧ϵյǰ
СҡԴһУԸȥ
٣СһӲ˾ͲˣҶƵ
СһݣչǽϵĶ˳ȥ
Ҷ캹ղѣֻøϽ˳ȥ
СԺﻶţĽܿ˸һЩŮǣԺӶʱҶǿÿЦá
ǧǧСѾͷ˯˳зСϣıĽк
ؽ׷źǧǧܳеСϣ۾һ̾Īϵӥ
˵ţȴԶһӣſеСϼȥ
ɵûСͻ͵ϮԴһתһ˳
׻ӣ¡һһɿ񱩵˷ԶЩŮƷڵأԺϿԭ͸ĻԺҲΡ
Сһﻹͦ׵´Զ
ǺǣϿֻ֪ϵӥ˭أؽʵ
ĺ̻ûȦ˵ްɣ϶Сһˡ²²˵Ѿؽǰ
ָ죿ؽЩɵʵ
ǣСһ˭ӵϡءµͷ˵
ؽüͷɻǸϴƸڴսϢӦһֻصĺëɣ
ƸڴϢСһǲ׻˺ҵĺ裬ǰֻϵӥǺϡ̧ͷϷС˵
ؽ˵ͷ̾˵СӿҪˣĿǰʵӦòж쾳ӡݴԣֻëնɱ̤һʥ޵ĻʵҲڶʥӣټǰֻһʥޣһۺʵѾԺҿˡ
ֻ»᳤ǵ͹Сһ˵ӵһѸ²Ҫֻʥ޸һսˡ²²
ǰסĺ̻һʧϴҶʱ򣬿ǵǱأؽмԥ£ﻹаԥŮδˣǺ޲ðŮ޸Է
ؽĥ£ҶĶԲߣǧǧͻȻлľ壬ֻƯ
ŤͷȥҶԶԶ˹
˵ܲ٣ܲٵؽǺЦ
ɶ˵СһȥѾͷβֱӸˡЦ
ؽҡͷ̾ϢѾͷٲһģóԿ
Ҷܿߵ˸ǰк
ľ壬ǧǧҶĸ첲µ
Ҷ̧ͷлСϣˣϽɡ
СϳһͣҶϡ
СһϡŹֵıͦµЦ
ľ壬Ҫ档ǧǧҶȥ
Ҷ콫ǧǧϲõСϵëϸﻹ޵ëƯ
죬˼ҵӦþͻϵˣʱһȥˡؽ˵
Ҷ˵ͷεԸ˼ܹȫˡ
ҿϣɲٲԸƢĺܣټϴ˼ҶôǲŻ᳤ʾͺܸˡЦ˵
Ҷúա
ΣûһǰҲͶˣӦòڻ֡ؽ˵
ô˵Ҷʱоеϣ൱ãҲֻεشӦ֪ˡ
ǧǧȥ·ؽҶ컳Ѻǧǧ˹ȥ
ҪҪ棬Ҫ档ǧǧͣŤš
ɵѾͷҪϢˣ´ٸ档Ҷ˵Ȼ㽫Сϸǧǧͣ
ȺؽźǧǧݣҶʵСһɶ˵뿪Ǻȥǰ׳ǣ
㡣Ҷش
ǿɷһأµ
˵˵ʲôæҶ첢δŴӦ
°˰ۣģһȥʲôΣյ𣿡
Ҷüͷһ˵Ҳûʲô򵥵£ҪȻҲҰæˡ
һЦģǰ׳ǵ;лᾭַæȥ￴һ
ַʲôطҶɻ
ԭǺ͵Ĵ֮һȴʮǰһҹ֣֮֮ȫǧٿһ⡣ԻţʣµֻһƬ棬Ƭ֮ƺʲôд˵ַҹ粻ֹбԽæȥ̽һ̽ʵ½
˵֣֮Ҷֻ̲ԼǳѣЩѪǣ˵Լһĳ̱
̾һƲЩ˵˼ʵôıﴹˣҪбõĻɲṰֽ㡣
¿һЦ˵ҿɲǽȥͱģ˵ﶼɷôˣﻹʲô
ȥʲôҶ
㲻ҪʲôֻҪ·ʱǷ粻ֹȻڵִ׳ǵʱˡ˵
ҶһɵسŻ£ҪĻòԸȥ̱ɣ
¡ꡱһЦ˵ģ̰𣿡
ҪôǱߵأҶ컹ĺɡ
˵˵Ҳ޷ΪҲо֮ûĺ̻֮ǰĹǻ£Ϸһ˿
ǱʲôϵѲ㻹ΪλˣҶʵ
ҡҡͷ˵Ƿϵַ粻ֹ󣬻һЩϵ
ﲻԼȥأҶɻ
̾˿˵Ҳȥֻһֱ鲻ټǱ߾ᴫƵٴԡԣҲ·֮ʱ˳ȥ̽һ̽ʵֽҰһˡ


518 ̸
ðɣҪǵʱҼǵõĻȥġҶڴӦ
Сһ㲻Ըӣǲӽûôأʵ
Ҷʼ磬˵ҪܸҵʲôôȻˡ
ǺðɣͰ֮͸ˡһ˵ţһЦҶȥ
һԷǸʮŮˣҶϽˣֺôһܲ𡣡
СһòӽʹɣüЦʵ
ѲΪԼ𣿡ҶƵ
˵ʲôŶӿأŵĻԡĿ̬ʮ㡣
Ҷ˿ĭʵЩԲŮˣǸϽ˸ڻŻŵˣǵûںͷֱЦ
Թ緹󲻾ãٲһŭɫϵĺ̻ܲ
ԭؽҶһһͬǰȥӭӣǿǵԸӸչʱȻŭգǿҶˣû׼嶯ǾԼ棬˵԰һȻҶ
λԶʧԶӭʧԶӭؽЦǺǵӭˡ
ٲȻǸӵˣ˳ؽûҶˣʵ᳤أ
ؽЦ˵ٲϸĪѾȥ֪ͨˣҲЩûˣһ𡣡
ٲһû˵ʲôͷϣҲҲؽӡ
ǣؽٲȥ·ϾǳЩ޹ؽҪĻ⣬ǵĻ
£ؽлźؽһûû˵˵š
ãûҶ˹ٲûˣյʵ᳤ǵǲҪǲĻǿɾˡ
ؽЦЦ˵ǿ·˰ɣȥһ˵߳ԸȥҶ˹
صԸϵŭû˿ӣؽҲֻε̾˿
ûãҶź˻
˵ĳֶʱûձýٲĿҶϣĿ֮бŭкؽڳµõҶ֡
սţؽϽӭҶΪɣû˫м䣬ܷ⡣
ֱٲ£ؽŷĵػصԼλϡ
Իĸӣͺ綼ԵʮֽţرǶԷɢ쾳ǿ߶еѹЩ
ؽҲӣֱ˵˵λҪΪ̸һ̸Сͺ顣
䣬һڽҧûʲô̸ģҪôֿҪô˼ҵĳСϾѾֵ̫ڳȫˣ˼Ϻڡ
ֵܣӦûûֵزɣȻΪߣΪҸ˻ʮ͵ģҲĺ̻ᵱ˵СͺͶϣֵܹȫˣǽԴϲؽҲֻܾź˵
ȻϲԸŮˡߵ
磬񣡡ٲǳ
ؽҲûЦЦ˵СŮѳˣҵҲŮΪʲôģƷҪ
Ҷֽ˵λֵܣǿֵܣ͵ڿҡͬģֵܽܣպ˼ʲôԻᶦ
ߣ˼߷ߺȵϴεڶԷɨأȻٸԷԺ͡
λ֪ԯҽɴˣڵĹƶͿɶȿɶκõģλӦζʲôɣؽ˵
һ¶ɫĺ᳤̻񶾽ΪУ˭ܱ֤˼ҵˣֻѲ鶾ϮԯҽɾһߣֻҪӵ㱣񶾽ҲͲΪˡ
ԥƬ̺绹һᣬ˵˼Ҳϡϴε˼ҳ㣬ٸҳָ棬ɾݹǵˡ
ٲüͷ壬Եôһ˿ϧ֮ɫȷѪڽ磬һҽʧҪȵ񶾽òء˼˵ΪǵѡǷǰĳɼⳤԶ档ֻϧԸӶǺӵˣʲǰڶǽĳ嶯ҲֻǺڡ
ؽҡͷ̾ϢΪһˣٲӽյѡǶô޴ΪǰӬͷСδĴ̻ⲻòеź
λ֪Ѿĺ̻ĳϣӺֵܣӦϸǿеϵѵĸΪ˼˵ôҪ𣿾һλ쾳ǿŮǱڼֵԶԶϺؽҲֻſڷĵȰǿ˼ĺ̻ᣬҲֺõĹȰ
˼˵Ѿϵ⣬Ϻϵ⡣ǽ˼ΪôһЭĻǻкͿ㡣ٲᶨ˵
ϴεѾ˼Ҷ棬Ϊ˲Ц˼Ůס
ɷ죬ֺαΪǰĴءںؽһУԣǺԸӵѡ
᳤㲻ض˵ˣڹ·ϣǾѾѡ񡣡ٲ˵ⷬȻζŴѾûκء
翴ȥʵҪΪ˼ҷˣҪΪ˳Ϊ˼ҵĵˣ
һ˵Ƕôÿ̱̣һǼ˸ĸһԼˣκݵѡ
òŭⰻȻӣǴΪСӶ˼ҵĵˣǺãӽұ㲻ǸŮǵˡνѾǰ㵭
ʲôҲû˵ֻĬĬˮź뿪Ϳһ̣ѾϵнĽ֡
˼עҪΪҶĵˡҶ˵ͷһ˿ЦǣҶı²ҽβɱˡ
ٲӵʱﶼųŨŨɱ⡣
ѵ˼һ㲻ɣŭȵ
òңҶϲսԵĶֻ֣ҪͷˡҶϹŵЦóûԸӣ˼һ
ÿСӣտڻ᳤ϣ˼ҿԷһ̤ǺǾɡٲⷬʮвζ
ԵĺؽȴǿЦãκβˣȻҲţҶͲҽʵܹԤ⵽꣬˽۷壬Ϊ˫ߡ


519 ˪˪
ⳡ̸о޹գٲŭҴҵ뿪ĺ̻ᣬҶ֪ǲû뿪ǣǲװݵġ
峿Ҷٴǰ¼ңܲŮβǿɶϣҲֻΪѵĴӦ
ִûӹУǶһǰ¼ҡ
¼ҵƺѾõ˳û赲Ҷ롣
źҶ쾶ֱųյķȥ
ڿҪߵշſڵʱÿŮӳյķҴ߳
߳źһλŮСԹλСƢԭͲȳȾ͸źˡ
߼ֱ˵ѾߺüŮˣȥҲֲ˼ˡ
ҿȳӦã˭ǰô໵¡
ǰ˵˪˪Ǳεģʱ˪˪¼ңճžͱˡŶӻҪڵŶ
˵úᣬǱҶ˶ѸŮǰʵǿе˪˪ʲôˣ
ŮԼ̸ʱŵɫ࣬׷ҡԴﲻͣŲ֪
Ҷغȵ˵
ŮŵһһѾҶɢƱƵû㤣һæشǣǣǸһһŮг¼˪˪ҲֻǸ˶ѡ
ŮҶüͷ壬⣺ŮĻӦòܻΪܻǰũؾˡ
ˣҶ컹ʵʲôأ
ճ¡Ů֧֧ػش
ճ£ĪҲǳ¼ãҶ컳ɵʵ
ŮĿһЩԿڵӡ
Ů⸱ΪѵӣҶپбʲôΣô𣿡
ǰ㲻ҪˣҪȻǻ𷣵ġŮ
ô˵еĳ˪˪ӦòͨŮô򵥰ɣҶһɡ
ٿ˶ʸڲԣܹϵ¼ҵĳЩ˽ܣΪҲǿתƻʵǿĳ˪˪ڰǰгԶţ
Ů룬˵ͷشǰǣгԶţȥȥʲôؾȥ˺üţŻ
Ůô˵Ҷ쵱϶ǿеĳ˪˪ԼҪҵǸŮˣ˵հǰõĺ̻ȥǿ޺ˣܾܿǳ˪˪ˡ૲²
ҶĻŮֽ˵ǰ˪˪ʱǣǱСһ޺ˣʱңôԶ·
Ů䣬ԶԶ˳
Ҷӣ
ͷȥֻϣŴ߳
ŮŵɫףԼղЩλС
Ҷû磬˿֮ǰŮ˵ЩеĻУע⵽һΪؼϢ˪˪ŶӻҪڵˡ
ٻ𵱳ũؾǳ⣬ʱԼǲ壬ȻҲûκεıдʩû׼˪˪˶еġ
ȻҶĿǰ޷϶˪˪ĺӾģΪҲų˪˪ڻ֮ͱ˻ĺӡ
£ҶҪģŪǺӵǲԼġ
ͷҶע˳ϣܳ˪˪˭ĺӣŮǶôÿɺޡ
ƺûҶϵŭ⣬ųҶȥЦ˵ҶӽͦõģҪԺưɡ
ҶﻹʲôŮȣʵǳ¼ҿиг˪˪Ů
˪˪㶣ȻûϵҶͻȻ⡣
ȴǺ˳ػشиг˪˪ŮˣŮ̫㣬Ҳ֪˭Ұ֣ڵء
䣬Ҷֱ˹ȥһסĲӣӲϸ
类ҶͻľֹһЩŮɵˡ
Ҷӣ⣬ǷʲôأܿعҶʵ
Ҷûдʵǰõĺ̻ȥǿ޺Ǵģ
ǣԣԼġΪҶϻû̫ջǿ˵ϻ
ԼģߣֻǴӳ˪˪İɣҶ˵ţ˼֡
Ѿ˵ϻԷװͰ͵ӣȻӲҳˣһţһҡͷ
ϵĻǾȥɡҶָ
ͨ죬ԷԽԽֻƴصͷϡ
ϵĳѼò֪룬ֻȰ˵Ҷӣ㻹ȷſհɣʲô£˵ǡ
ҶݺһƣնϣȻȵȥΡҪĻȥȷϳ˪˪ĺӣǲԼģҲý˪˪ӵȳ
ŶӲͣţǲҶʵҶӣǷʲôأ
ҶûлشһظȥΡ쾳ǿ߶еѹѾȫȻͷų
ԷϵƣȻһϣѾԿ϶ԷȻӵ쾳Ϊһ㣬¶֮ɫǰũؾʱ򣬶ԷֻǸؾδԲͨʿ񣬶̶̰֮ڣѾΪ쾳ǿߡ
ϵĳպܿ컺ԷŨŨɱȴһţ»ģǵη壬Ҷвҳ¼Ұҿǲˡ
Ͻǳգұ졣ȻæҶ˵ҶӣҴȥˡǰԷϵ룬ڻǾ԰ԷȶΪ
ǣҶȥ
Զ󣬳ոϽһԵŮȵŸϽƱСȥ
һλŮæǰθڳҶͷȥ
һ·ϣҲûҿҶʣΪоõԷڷŭ֮С
һԵ˵δǰ
ڵſţǷ׷С㡣
Ŵ򿪰ɡԸ
ǣһӦһȻȡԿףתš
ڳ¼ҵĵλСԵĵطȻǿɽġ
εźܿˡ
Ҷ˵Ҷӣ˪˪档
Ҷûֱ˽ȥ
ûиȥҶȥƬ̺һСԸϽȥ֪ͨ峤ͼλϡ
ǣӦһȥ
翴ǵڰ̨ףǵ̾˿֪Ļܾǰ½ʮ⣬Ҷȵˡ


520 
߹һ̨߳ףΧһƬҶɢѾ̽⵽ԶһηǸӰټĵֻһˡ
µĲӾͺһĳأҶûܼŮˣû뵽Ȼֵط
ԷĺӵǲԼģҶо쳣ļͽš
ǺԼģǱζԼܿҪˣǺӲԼģٻЩʧ;ɥ
ȻҶûʱҪӣȴǺڴס
һǼηߵú̶ʮ׵ľ룬˼Ӳߵ
ηǰͣ˽Ų̧֣쵽;ȴͣ÷ɿ죬ֽǰйġ
ͣڿеּǰȥץסǰѺʵ
ײһײ죬ƬžηԵΪ̶
ηŮ˱ˣҶܹоǲͿ־壬ͷϧǷŭ
ﭣӲǰʵĴѾñΡ
׼֣ƿ˳صš
һĽĦ£ʵűƿηһɧ˪˪ŲӾһ˫ſֻŵĿǻš
ѵ׼𣿡˪˪ﲻظ⣬Ϊ֮⣬ܻˡ
˪˪Ӳͣزţ˫ֱŶӣƺҪסĺӡ
ǾֵĿ£ڱ״ˣվһӰҪεĺڰΪһ壬ǰƴйͶ޷Ӱ
Ӱվδһһ㡣
˪˪ʵ㣬˭㣬ɱҵ𣿡
Ҷû˵ĺƺǱʲôסˣҲЩģۿƺҲʪˡ
ǰ˫־Ŀ⣬һ㣬Ĵʹ־һ㣬ĶĤ̼ȫÿһ񾭣еŭȼ
˫žǹǦһ㣬쳣أɾˣŬ̧ţԲӣ̤š
źɫļһһ˪˪ӣɪɪ
ƹͣ˽Ų̧֣ƿͷϵĺɫñͶϣ⡣
Ž㲵ŮˣϤڵѣ΢΢¡Ķӣۿˮ̲ĹԼĺŶڴ
˪˪ŹӣЩİȴǿҵһЩϤĺۼ
ϤϤüͷϤ۾ϤıӺ촽ÿһϸڶѾӡļй֮׵ˣȥ֮ˣȴˡ
ˮŰӿۿ·ЩܵίĿ
ľ磬ǣ𣿡˪˪ʵ߱ˮˣģ壬ξһþγΪʵΡ
ңҡҶ촽ڲ
첽ǰȥ˪˪ǰӣСؽҷѣ۽ǲӿˮ
Ȼ˳˪˪¡ĶϣעһԪһ˿ϲõЦ⣬ǵĺӣǵĺӣһһ
˪˪˵ͷľ磬ңǲأ˵ǰһж̫ʵˣξҲ֡
ǣ㲻ΡҶץ˪˪ԼϣͬʱǸԲˣͺܿˡ
˪˪ҡҡͷֻҪټ㣬Ҳˡ
ҶὫ˪˪ӵ뻳ŮΪԼ̫ί̫Ŀ࣬ΨһıǺú۰ܵһί˺
˪˪Ҷ컳޵úģʮίʮˣ˶ʮ꣬һĻ
ģͺܵĿ࣬һֻҶȭͷǻŭȼ
˪˪ҡҡͷҪ¼ǿ࣬ǶǵˣֻҪܹƽƽİѺҲˡ
Ҷһû˵ʲôὫ˪˪ӻ𣬡ߣ뿪
ǳȥ𣿡˪˪ǵʵ
ңû赲ǡҶο
˪˪˵ͷˣΪԼΨһһ£ҲԸһȥ
Ҷ϶ñСķų˪˪߳η˳ڵĹ̤߳Ľݣ߳˵Ρ
۵Ĺյó˪˪۾ƬӦۣȻȴſѾһȺΧ峤ͼλҲڳ
˪˪ŵض㵽Ҷ
£ڲµġҶ츧ο
ʲôˣҴҳ¼ҵνҳ¼ʻǶϳ½
үүҿŮ˶ǸҰһġջɵүүҲ峤ɽ
ջ䣬ˡһö볯ӭ漲ȥ׺ͷҪǶ
ɽۼֿ죬ѸڳǰһԪ
ᡭ
һı£붼Ԫǲ԰ֽȻûϵԷҵų¼ô˵֡
ǳ֪ʲôˣȼţ˭ҵҵ·ɱ⣡Ҷ˷
СӸҵڳѾг¼Щϼһҧгݣ˵ⷬĻǽЩϼһŭڡ
ߣ㵱ҳ¼ʲôطݵҰʯŭȵ
Էǲ·ӣҶҲٷϻų˪˪һԣֵӣЦЦĺˣµģû赲ǡ
ǰʮΣǿҶһƽӣ˪˪ҲͰ
Ҷתߵ¼ȺͷӶ棬Ȼʵһأһأη壬λ쾳ǿߣȴû˿η壬Ҳͱ¶ݰˡ
ҶⷬŵĻó¼Щͷӵɫ쳣䣬Ȼǿɲһ֣ҪȻǱЦ
峤¾ͽϷɡʯӧϾ˪˪Ů
ɽ˵ͷһɡ
ʯӦһתҶ쿴ȥ߳ҳ¼ҴţȹϷһذɡԱϣһѳ󸫱г֣Ȼһµϵ
ʯҶһǶ쾳ΪҶ̤쾳ã֮仹ЩࡣȻһùϵƱֲˡ
Χ˷׷󷽳ó㹻Ŀռ䣬쾳ǿ֣߳ǿɲģЩССϺʵײԽǽˡ


521 ɱ
λ쾳ǿߣҶҲû˿⣬ֱӽٵȡ˳
Ҷȡ¼ҼͷӶһ󾪲ȻǾȵĲ̬Ƚף⾹Ȼһϵ
ĳʯ˼֣ԷһֱϵټΪ޷͸ʵ˵ġ
ϵĳ˪˪ȴǣʯǶ쾳ǿߡȻ֪ҶĿǰΪȴ֪֮ǰڵؾڣȻҶڰ֮ڳɳ쾳
Ƭ̾ɺ󣬳ʯעԪԪϲɫϢ
ҶҲѸٵעԪ
Ϊ֪Էʵʯûмʩչʽ򵥵Ļ󸫳Ҷ˳ȥ
Ҷӵӭ
ᣡ
ײ£˸һ
סƺ󣬳ʯӸ
һƴΣʯѾоһ˿ѹʶǰֺܿҲӵŶ쾳Ϊ
ݳɣʯϽʩչעԪ϶ʱһȦɫ
ɺȻظҶȥ
Ҷķٵչ˼֣ӭ˶Էظ
أ
ػ֮£Ҷ챻˼Էһ൱ǿġȻҶҲֻǱ˶ѣ˵һ·硣
һĻϹսĶϳ½Щɵɽ˵һɲСԷδʩչκʽɵܿӵŶ쾳Ϊ
ɽɫصص˵ͷ˵ȷʵˣȻõϵΪӦû޷ӳϵҲ΢ռϷѣܹڲʩչʽȫʯһУȷӵŶ쾳Ϊ
˵ĶԻϵĳ̲סʵ峤ӵж쾳Ϊ
ӸղŵĽӦŶ쾳Ϊɽش
۾ضҶ죬૵⣬ôܣ֮ǰҶӵ쾳ΪѾΪˣ֪ԷΪѴﵽ쾳оһ󾪿֡
ǰ㾪ӣɽʮ侲˵Ͳʮж쾳Ϊȷʵ˾̾һԻҲ
㶵ҡҡͷ˵峤ҲΪԾ
ΪΣɽɻʵ
峤ڶ̶̰䣬ӵؾڽ׵쾳𣿡þֵĿ⿴ɽʵ
ꣿ⣬ôܣӵҲڰ䣬ӵؾڽ׵쾳ɽ϶˵
ǣȻˡЩ
ʲô˿϶ɽԲųⷬϵĳ½ҲĻɡ
ҪԼ侲ôŬҲ޷Լȵƽ
ΪΪڰǰũؾ级Ȼ˵
ũؾ쾳ǿ߽İɣ½
ҲſԿ϶֮ǰȻֻеؾΪ˵
ɽۣؿҶ죬˵ţӵؾڷ쾳Ȼ˾ţ
Ǿ֮̾ʱҶͳʯѾսʮغϣʯʩչʲôʽܱҶɻ⡣Ҷʼնδʩչκʽֻƾϵͨмס˳ʯĸʽ
Ҷ࣬ϵĳ˪˪¶ϲ֮ɫȻûϵ˻ڶ̶̰֮ǰǿ˵زϣ޾ϣԼǹδΪũؾǳеҡ
أ
ҵײ˫һζƴ֮·׷˲˾롣
ʯȻ˵ʵǲͣѹָš
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ㱾µĻǾͿȥˡ
ߣԲѣٵϷһУϷ㲻˵ʯעԪ
ҶҲɵľٵʩչ
ŷٵķУٵɢ
һĻϵĳ½ЩԾʽ˹죬ס
пƺʽҲһоˡɽʯ
ʯ쾪ҲӦòڳԿ½˵
ɽǺܿ϶ص˵ͷ
ܿ죬ҶǰѷٵĵѾɢһ˵Ѿˡ
Աϣ˦׳ö룬ͬʱųʯ˳ȥ
ᡭöײڳ²ʯԪϣԪһڻǵе롣
ʱҶҲѾ;ĵһ۳ֻҪһͿԻʯԪˡ
ߣʯһд󸫣ȻҶȥȻʽѾ׼ɡ
ԶԷоҶ쾹޶ãƣųʯȥ
Է㲻ҪĳʯҲû˿飬ѾһԷС
ǣо޸֮ʱȻײͭǽһ㣬䡱һ죬ȻҲ޷ǰֺ
ʯ̧ͷȥֻԼľ޸Ȼһնľ޴׵
ٿӭҶ죬ʯٸоȻѾˡ
ֻءһ죬ǰԪӦ
ҶһĨЦ⣬ͬʱķٵٴλӿųʯͷȥȻҪȡ
ۿʯҪɥͻȻϮһǹʱ˳ʯͷ
ϣ
ٵڳǹϷһ죬ƱӲʯæ˻ˡ
ˣѷʤαҪϾɱأɽջسǹȻ˵
ߣղѾ˵úˣɱ⣡Ҷ͸¶ŨŨɱ⣬ԷŰԼŮ˺ͺӣ顣
ˣɱɲҪ̫أԡɽѵ
ٷϻҪ־͸Ͻϰɣ־͹Ҷû˵̡
ǺãϷĸСɽǹҶ켲ȥǹѸ߳
ɽ쾳ǿߣҶĿǰʵǲþ׵治öԸ
Ȼһ˾׵ԼҲͱ¶ˣԼ¼ѾַҶȻй¶Լݡ
ǰ̶ĳǹҶӵᵲ
ᣡ
ǹɽ˳ƾǹҶ쵱ͷ¡
ҶϽٵͷ
ᣡ
һͻҶ챻Ӳ˼վȽŸɽ־ǹ
ҶûٸϽ˿
ɳɽȴǲĵĽ׷ϣƺͨҶܡ
Է׷ᣬҶЩգȺ֮Уץһһɽȥ
ɽֻεסơ


522 
ιôôأȻ˵ܣԶĳշȻָ
ɣҶ첻Цִǳ¼˿˵ôžôŤأղǴ͵Ϯͷˣڻ˵ӱɡ
ߣûһ֣˵Ѿܹƽˡ½ߵ
˺ս⳵սǱȽϹƽҶ䳰ȷ˵
ɽһ죬ԼΪʪݣɶԷȥ¼ҵɾͶˡ
㷸ҳ¼ȣҲûҪ㽲ʲôƽʯ˵
ҶһĨмЦ⣬˵һΣߣɱ⣬ǴһϣҲ½ǳ¼ȫɱ⡣ɲвԷǶԷλ쾳ǿһϣȻݣʹþ׵ͬʱСڡһΪ˱й¶Ҳֻܽڳɱˡ
ǾͿûˡ½˵űȡһ󵶣Ҫɽһ֣ȴɽֹ£Ϸһ˱ӡ
˵Ըһˣ¼λ쾳ǿһ֣ͬ´ȥɲ̫ʡ
½ȻԸҲֻε
ɽҶ˵ˣϷؾصĴһӮϷϷȥ
Ҷתһ룬ȻӦǺãϣ㵽ʱ˿ɱ𷴻ڡ
ĺˣΪ¼峤Ϸʳԡɽĵ˵
Ҷ쵹Ҳ¶Էʳԣ˵߳Ⱥɽ档
ҪƾһѷٵǰͷɵʵЩǿԣҶʮָɴĽСϸ˳
СϳһȻ󻶿ڿš
ϵӥɽ
ΧҲͷſеСϣܺܶ˶ϵôޣӳɽ֮УҲʶ޾Ѱޡ
Ӧò㷸ɣҶаЦʵ
ɽջĿ⣬ɫԵЩأֻεĵ˵ͷھ̨ٻ޸սҲǱģϾҲʿۺʵһ֡
ɽǰҲޣֻ񶾽̶սʱ򱻶ˣԺҲû˷ѾͲˡ
ϵĳʯ˶ɫȻ϶ڰҶ챰ɡ
˪˪ŶҶһܹӮôսһܹȫͺ뿪ȵҪµļҡ
аɣҶٵȻȵ
ɽҲīǹһӱҶȥ
ȻǰŸͷϿձ𡰺¡һ̧ͷȥֻֻϵӥſ³һ׳ףͷ
ɽæǹͷϮµ׻ȥ
䣡
ײǹϣâĴ䣬һâ˳ųǹɽӶȥ
Ǵ͸ԼǿԪҲ޷ȫ赲
ܵâĳɽ΢΢һ鴤Щâܿ㱻ڵԪˡ
ʱҶѾǰӵԪȥ
أ
ɽǰԪ΢΢һҶĹƱȫ£ŷ֮ˣɽ롣
ԶԷ쾳ΪʹͨĻٵÿϺüβܻԷԪܡһ˼Ҷٵٵʩչ
һԷ׼ʩչǹʽɽϽǹעԪʩչʽҶϮȥ
֮ʣͷϿǡ¡һȻϵӥٴη˹
ȨأɽûͷµףǲƵػչʮ׵ĻǹҶ쵱ͷȥ
䣡
׵ȺڳɽԪϣԪ͵һһһֵ״͸Ԫܣڳɽϡ
ɽһҧϵʽϮҶ졣
ʱҶķٵɢһ룬ԷĹѾϮͷϷУɢܵĻϵѸ׶ܣͷ
ᣡ
ǹڵ׶ϣ׶ܼƬ̱ѿ䡱һɢһգҶѳƬ̵ʱ롣
һغϵĽɽֳ˴
ʵʵɽҶСϵֻ֡Сϵϵʵ̫⣬ټڿУӦݣҪɱԲô׵£ϾǰһλʵǿĶ쾳ǿߡ
㿪ɽĹƺҶʩչٵ·ٵΪǿʽҲֻĥӲݵķʽԷԪܺľȶԷԪһɢǻϾȲʤȯˡ
ɽȻܲ³ҶƤֶΣ֪ҪǼȥԼǱɵġ£ΨһʤǸԪܱ֮ǰʩչʽһ֮ڽԷܡ
ԥϽǹԼĿǰľ׼
Ԫ󣬳ǹϻ죬磬ʮ㺧ˡ
һǺǹĵһʽ᳤磬ǹϳ˾ѧһʽ쾳ʽ
ɽʮİգܹһ֮ڻԷʽԪܡ
ϵĳʯͳ½ĿЩȣҲǵһμʶɽʩչС
峤һӦԽСӻˡ½Գɽġ
᳤쾳ʽСӶֻж쾳ΪӵϵҲԵһСʯҲͬ
ͬϵʽʽʩչΧ¶ȼΧ۵˶˸Ƶòͣˡ
ͺϴζսһЩϵҶʩչٵܹʽɢٶȡ
ûȶԷʽ׼ϣҶķٵѾɢ£ѡһֱԷ𹥻һʩչٵ
ֱӽûаܽԷԪܻϾǰҲ쾳ǿ߽սȻԪܵǿȡ
Ϊ˱ѡ˵ڶʽһʩչٵ
ȻĿǰ޷ͬʱ۳׵һһ۵ǲģҲΪ˾ֵԷǿһ
ǣϽ򵶱עԪٴ۵ȻʩչٵɢĿǰľǿȣҪЩϵ£ֻһЩˡ
˫׼ʽڼ䣬еСϲʩչףɽ𹥻ЩĥɽԪܵͬʱҲ˲ٵĿͷЩ͸ԪܵâѲԶʵ˺ǿҧͦס
Ƭ֮󣬳ɽʽ׼ɣһ˫˫˷ܶڴĿ£ԥ˦ǹǹպҶӿȥ
ʱҶڶɢδܳɣȻѾûʱ׼ȥ
ڶԷʩչƵɲǣѸٲٿɢΧĻϵ۳ɵǵǰ
䣡
ɻϵڸ߿ײ֮ýµ涼ʱ֮䣬ƬնȾˡ
ں͹£׵Ҳ֧Ƭ̣ǽ롣ô˵׵൱һĶ쾳дЧҲҶ֮С


523 ʤ
׵ܣҶͷ£;ȴֱһ˶׶ܵ¡
أ
һҵײͬĻ𻨡
ɽȻûϵԷʩչ̶Ƭ֮ڣȻٶʩչʽе𾪣еǡ
Գɽ˵һΨһĻᣬǱԷµĻǱζʤ㽫ʮã
Ż𻨵ı䣬׶ܵڿţҲڷɿ
ģɽ¶κźΪǰʣѾԻԷԪܡ
ᣡ
׶ʹɢһգһҶͷϮȥ
أ
ںϮ£ҶԪһջǽȫ
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525 
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526 
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ԳٵƢ취˪˪Ϣˡؽ˵
Ҷ˵ͷؽ˵ǵʡȥٵ鷳


527 ǰ
ʵҲؽ˵һڵڶ죬¼ұһЩ
ҶЩЩƷгһŴʮ龧龧֮⣬඼һЩ̲̥֮
Ҷֻ¶δκλӦ
죬¼ÿ춼ƷҶղ󣬺εƷȻҪǰ漸ιһЩȻһЩԪ鵤Ĳڡ
κμ塢˵Ԫ鵤ĶǼ֮ֵȻЩԪġ
¼ҵĳֵҶȽ⣬ûиκεĻӦ
ֻʣ죬ȫصʦ׷ǻ۶Ȼвصǰˡ
ټѾ˺ṳ̂ƫƧСҲΪʿ¶޵ĳΪССùݶѾס˵ĵطҲסˡ
ڴڼ䣬ĺ̻Ҳӭ˲ĽǰͶʿձ֮һ
ڲ֮ǰͨͿѧˣҲǳ׵Ľҵˣԭʹڽҵ֮ĺ̻ᣬóǲμĻᣬ˳ĺ̻ῴ
ǣеźǣҪĺ̻ᣬͱȥǰ߷һ꣬ȻŸתΪʽԱνǰߣҲĺ̻񶾽̽սǰߡ
ԭռĺ̻ĿֻΪѰһӻϣõһĵµֵ֪Ҳֻźѡ
ɥ߳ĺ̻ţȴһϤӰӭ
Բ죬ΪԷŶ񿴲òҲ޷϶ԷǲԼΪǸˣܿõĴ𰸡
¹գҶҲЩԾ
ҶĽлſ϶ԷԼ뵽Ǹˡ
ӣ㰡ڴˣȻЩϲ˵ֿ˿ҶǴŶг˪˪ЩɵʵλĪӣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˽ܣȻʵ¹ʲôأ
ԭҪĺ̻ᣬǶԷ˵ҪĻȥǰ߷һ꣬ԾʹˡЩź˵
ôһ˵Ҷ쵹˵ڶھʱ˵ҵҪĺ̻ᡣ
ӣôأЩʵ
ʱסߡҶش
ԭյ˵ͷֵǲˣˣڡ
Ҷ룬¹һ¡
ӻʲô𣿡ɻʵ
¹ĺ̻ᣬҿ԰㡣Ҷ˵
Īĺ̻ʶˣմһ˿ʵ
ǰɣ¹Ͷĺֻ̻ѰһʵɣҶʵ
ˡյͷ
ãҲҪг¹Ҷ˵
֪ʲôҪҰæأɻʵ
ҶûмŻش𣬶˵¹ɡ˵űų˪˪ȥ
ҲûʣҶȥ
Ҷִ˴ĸԺ
һ븮Ժձһ̾طԣӣѵס
ǰ¹æչӣϾ֮ʱ¹ڴҶ˵ȻؽѸ˪˪˲ٵŮŮϾŮҶϣѵڳ˪˪ߣԼߺҲͲįˡ
Ӧĺ̻ĸ߲ɣңĿ𣿡ԵЩԾǣͬʱҲҶݸе棬һֵܹطˣԲѰ
ֻҪԸǾû⡣Ҷ˵
ҵȻԸˡڴӦ쳣棬ѳвӦ֮
ҶͷǾͺãҴȥһشɡ
ش磿ѵĺ̻Ļ᳤ؽ𣿡һ
ǰĵطҪȻȸ˵һҶ˵ټЩŵӣЦЦĺˣֻǴȥѣġ
Ҷô˵վԽݲ˺棬Ȼƺĺ᳤̻Ϊ磬ƺúӣⲻòг𾪡
˿ĺ᳤̻Ǹ߲ʣĵ۹һĴʵϣؽûǰغ͸ߴҲֻǸͨ쾳ǿ߶ѣҶΪġ
ţҶȥ˺ؽ𣬶ҶҪ󣬺ؽȻڴӦ
ؽȻмϣǸദһʱܸоǱȽƽ׽˵ġ
ΪոǣûطסҶҲֱ
죬ÿͳ˪˪顣
ҶȥĴѻڤϢźǣһڶ˵ΨһϣҲֻʣ޼λʸϵʦˡ
գʽʼ
һ磬ؽűŮл¡Ҷ졢һǰ޼ڡ
ʵھþǵĺؽ˵Ѿʲôϡ£ҲֻӦ޼룬ʽԵǰȥѡ
·ϣؽҶѵ죬볡ʱɵýһЩҵ񶾽̵Ķܻܿϯ
Ҳϯһ֣Ҷͷð亹
ȻÿռǾλʦһλʦؽ͵
ҲʦҶһ죬ϸ뵹ҲΪ棬ƵЩʲôһϢ֮ĵҩȷʵͦġ
룬Ҷʵĺ̻ӦҲʦİɣ
᳤ΪԲܳϯؽش
½˵СһҲ̫ˣЩϼһﶼвŻϯûͷġ
һҾͼֵأҶ˵
˰ɣҿܻѧͽͺܲˣµЦ
ҶĨĨҲû硣
޼ڳ⣬ʵҲ˵ǳ⣬޼ڳȦһƬԺ
Ժþˣ忴һ򳡣ΧǹϯһƽأƽһС̨ϸӦǧ֮ࡣ
統˵νʵ˵ֻһʦˣ൱翼ȡ֤һ㡣󲿷ʦμӴΪΣֻΪͨȡӦʦݵȼ֤
ֿ˲ûʲôͷÿһǻʿǰҲЩ˹ĿĲǹۿЩʦˣΪհǾλʦԼλڵʦķɡ
Ҷʱ򣬴ĹϯѾ˹ڣؽͻαȻõϯλǡҶͳΪҪԽ᳡ؽǷֿǰȡ볡ơ


528 
˺ܾõĶӲȡ볡ƣΪ˶ǵһβμԱôĿ˿ʼҲμӳ˵Ҳġ
˶ڳ峡ʱ仹磬ֽ˸λþ
ûãʮڵѾϯڴԴԴϵӿЩ˼Ͳ壬һЩλĿ϶Ҳú
ʱʱ·һӭλǰμ޼ԴÿٰһѾǵڰ˽졣޼δ֮ǰʦһӵĸְҵʦѾΪ˸£ְҵرʦڽ֮ǰ߽УֻλʦϣڽУܹµʦӱ
ʱѾ൱˶۾·̨λ׷ߵĽ֮˰ΪڽλߣĿǰΪֹĵ۹Ψһһλ߼ʦҲǱ˳ΪĴ
Ϊ޼󲿷ʱ䶼ڣƽʱλҲ൱޼ڵϹܼҡ
˶٣ּ˵Ŀǰֻ־λʦϷţһĵ۹ԻȻ൭Ըͷ¶֡עصǿˣԱڲ̫Ľһ쿪ʼΪ˼ʦĻԣڻཱԽЩڴбͻѡ֡⣬ڻһĽڴѡγʦֻҪԸͶ޼£ɻһ
ⷬʱ
Ǵ˵е޼ھȻӵд治ǵȨ
ɲǣ޼ھȻôΪǹģֻҪﵽʦˮƽûôװ
޼ôЩ޼ڡ
ļУֽвٵʦסջˡ
޼ڽŽ£ҲֻǽյϣʦĿӦòߡ
֮ʣҶȴüͷμһĿΪǿž˵ü޼ڷܵõЩᣬΪѾ׼ĺ̻ᣬܲٷڰɣ
Ҷ֮ʣĻϷҲͲٶ˵ˣһҲʽĻһѡֵǳ
ŵ£볡ڴӿһʦȺжʮˣҲа׷ԲԵͷΪҲие͡ȻΪĵǵؾûеؾΪ¯ʹˣ̸
Щһ볡źԸλãûã˱͸λ׼
һȺ볡Ϊÿλ߷ҩĺ¯
ڳʵ̫࣬ӣܶ඼ǱŽǰġΪ˽ʡҩֳһ㶼ѡͨҩģͨҩÿҪŵҩҪɹĿţŽһ֡
ٺܿ㽫ҩĺ¯䵽λʹõһɫµ¯ΨѧʿıУʹԼ¯
׼󣬡һ쳹һʽʼ
ʱΪʮӣʮͨҩһϸʦ˵ѾǴ´ˡ
ʦ¯עʼ¯׼ϯҲֳûʲôͷǶԾرְûȥЩѡ֡
ӹϯ¿ȥԿÿλѡֵĶЩϵʦˮЩ񼶵ѡֶԵЩĥˣЩʱȽϲģֶþ͸ɭۺ֢Ƶģ¯òȣһѵ¯ȥˡ
ȻЩѡֵˮƽβ룬Ҳѹ޼ڻͨҩɸѡҩƣֱ̣˷ѡ
ӣһλһȵֱ档
һλǰȥΪ
ΪЩͨҩƷ֣֮һ˵ֻҪɡȻҲһЩˮƽȽϲļһĵ͸ʺƳʺһӰһţҲͲɹˡ
ٿ˿ǼһƳŵҩĳɫ״ҩζȡһӣ˸֣ȻԸ볡
ôв̨һ
һٶȣܹ֤סҩĻҲѧʿˮ׼ˡ
һĳУиһֽűҪ죬ֻķ֮һʱ䣬ճɹȡ˸߼ѧʿ
˵ĳλʦμֳʱ򣬽ʮ֮һʱˡ
Ϲ˵ˣʮ֮һʱŵҩҲ̫˰ɣ
Ϊأûͣôʦλá
˵УһͬһλǰΪ֡
ɵԽԽ࣬ʱ䵽˲˷ӵʱЩˣٱ㲻ٸֱ֣볡
ôԭʵܼ򵥣ڰ˷֮ǰɵѡ֣䵤ҩĳɫǻǷһֵʽֱӻѧͽݡЩڰ˷֮ɵģĳڳϸʽ
ȻʵʱЩʦϲϸֻҪܸڹ涨ʱ񣬱һϸߡ
šһ𣬵һܿв볡󣬿ѸٶЩߵĳɹжԺŴֳ֣
пͳɣһԱ볡пϵǫ̃ȥͳơ
̨ԱҪѸٽͳƳʾϣȻЩͨѡϵĺƣȥһʽ볡ơ
ֳɺ󣬵ڶ½
֮ǰһΪÿһλ߷ҩģ׼ɺ𣬵ڶʼ
ⳡѡʵҲͬǲβ룬Ҳǲӵʱ㽻ĵҲû
ֱĳʼʱҶͳձ뿪ϯǰ׼볡
ʱѾۼֳֺƵĲѡ֣Ӧöǵ峡ѡ֡
еƽ糣еȴһӣҲ֪ЩŵļһﶼȱʵĲ
ѡֶܹĽһЩӰ˵鼮ѧһʱ䣬ȻŽҵȻһڳϾͻᱻ̭ǴǸ˵׵ġ
ûãԶԶ𣬿ĳѾ
Ƭ̺Щĳ߱볡˳ееȴһɥһٿһ벻ļһ
ֵһСһλԱк峡ѡ볡Ҷͳһͬ˳Ⱥ볡ȥ


529 ϳ
볡ڴλԱţǵĹҪв볡ʱϵĴָΪ˷ֹס
ȻⴢָҪϽɣֻҪŽԼڴͿˡȽΧǧ˫۾ţǶôֳѲߣӿڴͳǲ̫ܵġ
ҶͳշԸ´ָŽڴȻ
ҿľˡؽĺǧǧָڷк
Ҷ촩źɫ񣬴źɫñȻܺʶ
֪Сһֻʲô˵ľٶŴڽҶ죬һڴ˵
֮ǰ˵ܵøѧͽͺܲ𡣡ؽЦ
һЦ˵ֻǿЦѣСһԸû㱾£ǲϳ׳ġ
ǺǣϺͦ˽ġؽ˵
ҿ˵ı£᳤㻹𣿵û᳤ϧһеСһȻǿ׼ǱȻҸСһʶҲûãмＸҵҲܹóÿıֶҪԤϵҪӳɫͲ֪һλܲʲô˵ľֹЦؿԶҶ졣
ǻϾʲôˮ׼أؽʵ
ҿҲѧʿˮ׼Щ˵ıû׼Ѿﵽ˸߼ѧʿˮƽ²²
߼ѧʿ⣬ⲻ̫ܰɣϾ֮ûʲô֮˵޽ݾѭһ˵Ǿ飬ҪջۣܵõĵɴУͣҪﵽ߼ѧʿˮ׼²̫ܡؽȻ̫š
ľġǧǧ˵
ǺǣǰľġؽЦ
᳤ֵҪһѡ
ôķأؽʵ
ǾͶһžƷԪ鵤Сһܴﵽѧʿˮ׼ô᳤һžƷԪ鵤Ǵﲻұ᳤һţأԵúš
ƷԪ鵤ؽ۽ǲ˲
һ˵ҩĵȽԽ߳ƷĻʾͻԽͣԪ鵤쾳ҩɸ߼ʦƣƷĻҲᳬԣκ쾳ǿ˵ÿһžƷԪ鵤Ǽġ
ô᳤ûĸҶ𣿡쿩Ц
ؽЦΪһˣʱʱ̶̿ǽڵһλǰⳡľ֣Ȳʤ㣬ע͵ֽÿֵֵȥðա
ϸ룬ԼӮⳡľ֣ǱӮһžƷԪ鵤ˣȻϿһžƷԪ鵤ʵϣԼĺ̻ǵõҶλĸ߼ѧʿǰǲɹġ
뵽ЩؽǺһЦȻӦãҾ͸϶һѣϣϿɲҪ֮ǰ뵤ƵľƷԪ鵤ˡ
᳤ͱҵˣǸϽѾƷԪ鵤׼ðɣЦúܲãͺѾõǿžƷԪ鵤һ㡣
ʱһ
峡ʼ
в׼
Ҷͳպ٣λҲͬ١
Ҳвһɲǣ¯ʼ¯׼ڶʵϰһʱգѾ൱죬ЩͨҩѾֵ
Ҷ첻¯ͬ¯׼
¯²ʱҩһԵ¯С
һһһŽеģһֶҲһơȻŵҩһҲǿеģʱѡΪҪŵҩͬʱ۳ɵǵҪļҪǿľ֧֣ͺͬʱöһ
Ϊϲ߹࣬ϯϲûжע⵽Ҷֵľٶע⵽ҲΪϹ㡣
ţڿһӵʱҶѽŵҩȫƳɵֵɲǣϯˡ
Źʮ֮һʱ䣬ˣ
ɣôôɣһòǰҩķˣȻİɣ
ǰʦҲôʱɰɣ
ϯ
ϯϵĺؽͻ¶һ󾪲
СһȻָ˵ˡ¾̾
ǣôʱ䣬Ƴŵҩ𣿡ؽ͹ϯϵĹһԵЩɡ
˭֪أѲһǵ͹ˣ˵
͹ϣĪʦˮƽؽȵ
ҡҡͷӦòڴﵽʦˮƽ˵ͨҩٶȣҲ˵ʲô⣬Ҿû᳤ǿžƷԪ鵤Ǳסˡ˵ţЦ
ҶϵĳպܿҶߵҶǰ̨ϵ嵤Ʒҩʱʱӵʧ֮ʣǵ¯ϵ¯˲ң¯зءһ죬¯ðỤ̃ŻعϽ¯в
ЩҲע⵽Ҷ֣˺һ˷Ӧ첽Ҷȥ
꿼ߵҶǰ̨Բɫ൱ĵҩһԾ¶ɵɫ̧ͷҶ쿴ȥ¶ڶñǰӦͦӣ͸λ꿼ٻˡ
ŵҩոƳģ꿼ɵ
ȻˡҶ򵥻ش
꿼תһ룬ִ̧ӴȡһҩģŵҶǰ̨ϣ˵鷳һΡȻڻҶס
ԷֻҲ޿ɺǣҶûƽϣȹ׼
һ̣ϯ˲䰲ʮ˫ĿעҶֻ¯ȻҲλ꿼һҶĳɼʾɡ
¯Ҷƿ¯ǣٴνеҩһԵĶ¯ڡ
ٶһƬ̾
ȻŵҩһƣҲ̫˼ˡ
ѵղžһƵģ
ҿһʧܣҪȻɾˡ
վҶǰλ꿼ٸǳԾĵӣ༸λҲ׷Χ˹ϵĳյȲҲͣĻۿҶıݡ
ϯϵĻһ߹ۿһߵͷ޵СһַͦģӦǸصʦ
û뵽ôһ֣ԽԽ͸СˡؽЦ޵
ҶûӰ죬۾Ƶҩ˵ͺҽһǼʥĹСĲͨĵҩҲȫĵͶУҲΪһϸҽߣΪһϸʦӦþ߱ʡ
ҩᴿںϡйɵĽš
¯ϵ¯ʱʱʱʱ䣬շ磬õһԿһλʦĵ˜ˡ
Ƭ֮¯ϨѾɣĿⶼһ̲ƵĶҶֻ¯


530 
ֹҶ콫¯̨ϣȻƿ¯ǣһУŵҩǴӵ¯֮з˳̨ϡ
ϼžƬ̣̾
ȻɹˣȻŵҩͬʱɹֱΪˡ
վҶǰλ꿼ѴľԼһмѧʿûȱ¡˵ŵҩһƣŶ˵Ѿ൱ˣۿǰһｫŵҩͬʱƳܲ𾪡
Ӧÿ˰ɣҶ쵭Ȼʵ
꿼һйæЦŵͷˣˣǾ뿪ɣڹʾϹ̬Թ˼֣ǿΪ磬Ψʵݺ͵λ
ҶҲϻת˵һȻڹǵĿ뿪
Ҷȥ󣬱ǵȴǾþ޷ƽҶ̶Ƭʱ䣬Ǵȴǳ־ļ𾪡
˳볡ڻصȴ볡һ߶һԾĿҶ죬ǲ֪Ϸ£ԷôͳˣȻЩɡ
ҶڴϢһλ˼ⳡҪҪټȥ
Ҳ˵ĹھƷǾıڣѵҪΪž޼еʮ־ᡣ
ûҶҲѾ뿪ܿڴҵҶ졣
ɼأչҶʵ
Ǳ¯һ֮⣬ĿŶ˳ˣӦܹذɡջش˵ţҶ
ǰҶѾԼݸ֮գʱ֪ǰƱҶʱáҲ쳣ĸӣҶ죬˵㺣֪ǲǳݺлһЩ黳ҲֻܽЩĵףΪԷѾӶŮ֮ˡ
ʵյͺ͵ʱ֪ʵɶ࣬Щ죬ɶһֱĴԼδţҲͦӵġ
죬û뵽㻹ôʦջ̲ס̾
Ҷ쵭һЦû˵ʲô
ü˼Ƭ̣۾һǻɵʵѲɣһǰЩƷҩƵģ
ȻѾ²⵽ˣҶҲͲͷ
Ҷϣյһ㶵ʵô˵ˮƽѾﵽʦĵز
ӦǰɡҶ˵
յŴ۾Ҷ죬ú󷽲Żﻹңǲأ⣬ʵ̫˼ˡΪ֪ҶǸʮС꣬ӵж쾳Ϊ˵ùȥӵʦˮƽֱ漣
ǺǣʵҲûôֻǽҵõһλǰ˵ָѡҶҲֻͣλľǰһпڿľǰ˼⣬еĿõ𰸡
Ҷ˼صʱ򣬳Ҳһ˼ӣȻûܴҶ֮нѳ
֮󣬳ճһƺѾںԼ飬Ҷ쿴ȥһЦʮƽ˵죬һĹھǷĪˡ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ԭǳǾģղҲˣҪõͱ޼ڡ֮ǰѾӦش磬Ҫĺ̻ĳϣһûϣõˣڿǷҪ
ĻȷʵЩźܹõʦݣǵҫ㲻ΪǿžҲŬȡȰ˵
˵ֻǸְҵѣҲںЩ޵ҫȡܹȡùھɡҶ¶ģȻھδΪνҫȫΪܼ޼һ棬ϣܴʳѻڤ˿Ϊ˵ѻڤʵ̫Ҫˡ
ûã峡µĽѾȻҶֱһֵʽѧͽݣΪֻƳĿŵҩԻȥμһʽ
źȥһһ볡ƣҶ컻ǳѧͽ볡ƣյһʽĺơ
˶ûȥϢȴ
ϵ½½ʱʱǵľǱȽϼҵġ
ڵһֵĳѡֺܶ࣬ʮŽ
εĳˢ˹ĲߣԽʽֻвһ
ʽ˵Ŀƻ鵤鵤ǻƾڵҩҲͽ׵鵤
ʽĽܷóѧͽ֤飬ͽһֵʸ񣬶Щ˵൱ؼһۡ
ʽȻ˳ˡ
ʽ̭˽ĲߣҲ˵Увķ֮һʽóѧͽĳƺš
ʽ󣬳ѧͽҲ֮չ
׶εĲȻﵽһ߷壬Ϊ֮ǰѡЩѡ֣ǰͻóѧͽƺŵıߣЩ˽һһ֡
Ҷǵһڴɫ񣬴ñĲƺһˣһ볡ΪȫעĽ㡣
ľˡǧǧ˷ܵĺؽ
ˡؽǺЦ
鵤ɲͨҩ֪Сһֻʲô֡ʮڴ
ʱڹϯһһͷҲ鸴ӵĶҶ죬ǳ¼λڣ١
֮ǰҶڳϵı֣гԾȴҲû̫⣬ϾٶȲܴʲôʦ˵ΪҪĻǵҩƷʡ
ҶܿҵԼλãƬ֮󣬿ٱ㽫ҩ䵽ÿȻһֱ鵤ͬţʱҲ䡣
ſѡѸٿ
ҶҲûīϽ¯עԪʼ¯
鵤ͨҩһһΪͬһ¯ҩƷʼͬģҪҶһƣ¯ŵҩͬһƷʣǸ޷ˮƽ
һҶȻǵһ񣬲ٶѾҪ뿪ĽõȺ̨ͳɺ֪
Ϊ˾ֵ͵ƵĹУϸڷЩģҩƷӦû½ࡣΪѾĿֻǶڣȻҲûҪй¶ʦˮƽˡ
󲻾ãɼڹʾ˳
ҶƷƷĳɼλеһֱм͸߼ѧͽı˳ѧʿ


531 
ʵҶ60Ʒ40ƷĳɼѾﵽ˸߼ѧʿˮ׼ֻһвɷݣʵʵ뽵ӳѧʿıʼȻѧʿͷѾȵˡ
ʱ䣬Ҷ춼ϢǣվȻҲɹͨ˳ѧʿ֤ϵķ˽ΪԼʵ֪ٱȥҲиõĳɼҲû˷Ѿ
ʱܿȥѧͽıѾɣѧʿıˣֻгɹѧʿѡֲܲ
ѧͽѧʿ֮һ蹵󲿷ѧͽ޷ԽܴӸ߼ѧͽɹѧʿˣָ
ΪμӳѧʿѡѾǧˣֻҪһͿȫ̸㶨ˡ
ʱμӳѧʿѡѾ볡Щ˵ͨƫߣһͷ׵ͷﶼԼ¯ΪѧʿıǿʹԼ¯ģҲΪòѡָõķӳԼˮƽ
һ˵ܹѧʿѡֶˣŵҲе¯Щž¯ϳΨҶǿڳ¾ɵµ¯һ⵽˱ЩһĳЦڴʦ¯һʦݵôʵҲӦñһں¯ӡ
СһﾹȻһµ¯ҪһأԲ졣
ǶԼʵ൱ŰɣȻֱӴӳѧͽѧʿ˵һĳɼӦ൱ɫžƷԪ鵤Ǳסؽ˵
᳤㻹֪֮ͦЦ
ǺǣֱϸˡؽڰЦ
͵Ц
ǰĽᵱԹǶǿ޷֪˭ĳɼã˭ĳɼܹٿǸɫļһ⵹˲Сĺ䶯
Ǹɫļһǰ漸ûгְɣ
ȷʵԴǳѧͽıϳ֮󣬾ҲûֹˣֱӴӳѧͽ˳ѧʿ
ȻܴӳѧͽıУֱѧʿıҲмѧʿˮƽ
Ȼһµ¯ϳ൱ŵˡ
ܶڵĿⶼҶϣҪΪɫ൱ۣټڳһˣһܵעҲġ
ҶźϵıţܿҵԼλá
ЩΪѡַҩγѧʿıƵǻ
ܿ쿪ʼҶͬԼʵһֱĳɼҲᵱԲѡ볡ǡ
Ҷ첢δߵ̫ȴ󲿷˶ʼߵʱŲչ볡
ϢƬ̣ɼ㹫ƷƷĳɼɹһ֡
ڱ㻻˺ƺҶڴȴһֵ볡ʱȴ볡Ѿ˺ֻܶ࣬ʣ˵ӡȻЩ˶Ѿǲ۲۵мѧʿˣȡıǼ߼ѧʿżбȻֻһ뱻̭
ʵҲʵкܶ඼ѾμӹüмѧʿˣҪ̤ż൱Ҫġ
Щнֻа˳ɹҲ˵ѾΪ˸߼ѧʿ
ؽ뻨֮ǳľ֣ȻԵúܿģΪҶĸ߼ѧʿݣԶԶҪһžƷԪ鵤
ˣʦȼѾˣǸ߼ѧʿ֮ξ
ĲУ˸ոսѡ֮⣬Щø߼ѧʿƺŵıߣҲˡ
һΪ̭УǰʮʸҶ˵ڰɹһ֡
ʱгϢ󣬱ڿʼ
һԱĴ֮£Ҷһͬ
ʱ൱֣ǵĿȫۼĸ̨ϣ̨Ϸžλߡ
ȻĿǰĵ۹еļλʦһλʦĺ᳤̻ȱϯӦʮˡ
ǰԶʮӣȻⳡ˵Ƥ½С
λԱҶʮ˾ֱĸ̨ȥһ·ϣҶ춼ĵģΪľѾ̽⵽Ĵڡ
ҲλϣԼһֱǵڰˣλǰŵĻԼҪôĵλãҪôҲĵλá
λõĻǵãҲλãǼڶƤˡȻͷϴŶñҶﻹ̲ס㤣ܵģⶵñ᲻̫ˣܲܵס˫Ŀ⡣
Ҷ֮ʱԱѾ˸̨
̨󣬹Աͷʮ˷Ըÿ϶к룬ǸԼһζԺǡ˵˵˸̨һߡ
ҶȺ֮УȥͬʱŰ˺λǰࡣ
ߵǰǸڰյ
վҶþ˸ͷһһ۲
˸ͷУߵĸλϣǸڴĻ֮ǰ̨ĵ֮⣬ȫסҶ첻֪֮ĸҵܹ²⵽мλϵģǸͯպ׷ȵķߣӦþ޼ڵˡ
Ҷͬʱλȴ˷ܺͼǵ˳ݺ;ǰκһ˶ⱲӷܶĿ꣬ر޼ʦĿУֱһĴڡ
λʦҲϸ۲ǰʮλߣǵĿ·ҶʱͣãҶñ棬ȴβסġ
ЩĿɨʱҶĸǽرǵĿפ֮ʣǽŵס˺
ִԷƺʱԿԼڶñµǸʱ򣬶ԷһԥĳԼǧС
ҶǴʱ˿̱¶ݣԼԵĿɲһң˫ֳĻǾǱɡ
棬λѡȡԼ¯֮ǰʮ̨λԱ˵
˷׷״ӴȡԼ¯νʱҪȡ´˭λ쾳ǿߵƤףҲһֱ¡
Ҷٴȡֻµ¯ǹϯϵĹǣǾŸͷҲ¶ɫ
λ޼ĿУȴһ˿֮ɫ
һĽͣһľҲܰڲ֮ء
ʦҲˡ


532 
ȡ¯󣬹Աǰַҩ
ӿ
ЩƵ鵤ҩģͬÿŵķ
ҩ󣬹Աȥʮƴ
Թһ
ʮչж
쳣˶ע̨ʮλߣʮܹǧǧĲ֮ӱ˵ÿ˶ŹӲʵҲζǰⳡ쳣ң֮нܹǿľڡ
ʮ¯ȼɫʸĻ棬ЩɫĸıЩֻΪ˺ÿѣЩǾиЧҶֻµ¯֮⣬õٶǸߵ¯лвپ¯
ҶԴ·ġ
̨ԵĲ࣬ϯϵĻԵмǣСһǲЩŹͷأ
ǰߵ¯ĳƷҪµ¯߳ٷ֮壬¯Ҫ߳ٷ֮ʮԴƣٴһĵڰɼҪЩѡؽ
ľˡǧǧ˵
ǺǣǣľˡؽŮӡ
СѾͷľϷŪ
ƭˣľԶġǧǧС
ҪҪһأЦʵ
ؽôΪգոձƭһžƷԪ鵤صȻѧˣŮشæǧǧСǲԶĲģ֪𣿡
ǧǧ˵ͷ˵ľģԲԣ
ԶԶԣľ˵ġؽε
˵᳤ò˰ɣµ٩
ؽֿЦڻϣҿɴûӮ
᳤ӮңûӦĵĻû׼Ӯˡ˵Ц
ŶѵϾܴǰףؽЩɡ
֮ǰ˵СһǻЩ벻ǰǰƣǱɵġ¿Զ̨ϵҶ죬ŹŹֵЦ⡣
ؽ˵ͷҲŤͷҶ쿴ȥԽԽãһɲ⣬ƿɫ񣬿ɻ޷͸ǳ׽͸
̨ϣҶѾ¯׼һҩڡ״̬ԭŵ齥ķԶֿ־Ҳʱ׵ԺķķһԽĶȫͶ뵽״̬С
Ǿλǰһ˫˫궾Ŀ⣬ɨǰʮλߣƺҪǵһһëͲ㡣
޼ҲͷһĹ۲ÿλѡֵɾĿҶλʱȻͣҶֻ¯ŵ¯ҡҷ𣬿νζҩͶ뵽¯֮Уûܹ֣˫֮г𾪺ͼ
ҶҲûע⵽޼Ŀ⣬۾Ƶҩ֮ǰһϸ˵ԱõҩƷʽһЩȻֵʮϸ΢ģΪԼԵĿɶʦеٮٮߣвأܾܿͽˡܷ֤Ʒһ㣬Ҳ޷϶
ʱһһĹȥҶĲٿ¯ϵĻ棬ÿһ趼ɵǰᣬ֪ʦĿⶼ䶨ϡ
ЩḻϼһĿ棬ǺܿͿԴЩѡ֮зֱλѡּ߳λѡ־ϵԼϵ
ҶѴӿľ˽⵽֮ҲϵͬϵʽͬɹʺҩƷҲͬ
Ŀǰ󲿷ɢʦ޵ЩϱȽеϵԣǵַ׾ͿԱЩʦǿ
Ȼ˿̣ЩͷȴôҲ޷Ҷĵ޷ʶҶϵֻܴжϳַ൱ʮֺϵ
ҶһһЩͷʱüʱɣʱ̾ϢȻǶҲܹҶϸϵĲ㣬ЩҶĵģЩȱݣϾѧϰҲûá
ĳɾͣȫΪķķͬԴƾŶķϤܿķټʵǿƣֻǸѧߣҲɵʦı
ͷעĿ֮£Ҷܿ˵һŵҩû˿ͣͣſʼ˵ڶŵҩơ
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ʦͣϵĶ¯Żصˡ
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λԱ첽ߵһѡǰϵŵҩõҲλʦϡ
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ͬʱԱֽŽѡֵĵҩȥ
ʮλѡֵĵҩֺ󣬹ԱֽÿͷϵıռֳͳƣͳƵԭȥߺͷ֣Ȼȡƽ֡
ڹԱͳƷڼ䣬̨ЩѡֶԵ쳣ţܷף߷ʵĲЩƷһҫΪʦĳҫ
ʱϯҲһƬǶڲ²ⳡĽ²ܹס
һ˵ǶǰӦһǰ֮оȴһľǱҶ졣ӳߵһҶı൱ͻģǳϵһˣڳѧͽЩ˵ĳɼһ˼ظСԵڰĳɼʮǿǹǻǶԺܸߵ
Աܿ콫ͳɣȡһȣȫʮǿĽѡǡ˶٣ʱ
Ƭ̺һһŲߣƷҩ97ֵĳɼ
һλϵͷӺ棬֣Ͳûϲˡ
ϯһƬ֮ܿͣЪ˵עص˹Աϣȴļ
ΧԱڶŲߣĿƷҩһƷҩ86ֵĳɼ
λϵͷСƵ˷ܵϯϻʾ⣬Ա߶λޡ
˿̣ҶЩԼղûܰպ÷ִ磬ӶԵס
ϯϵĺؽͻҲԵЩźڴ˶Ҷʵ¾ֻʣһƺͦӡ
ϯϵĹǿҲڴ˿оҲҶͶѡˡ


533 
ǣ˺ŲߣƷҩƷҩ79ֵĳɼԱ
ȫһƬȲʣǶ൱⡣
ǰֲԶһЩԴȽϤĹڣܴ֮нмֵϢ
һ˵ЩͷǸݲߵĵҩƷʣټϸϸڽۺֵġʮλϵķǵҩƷʷ֣Ʒҩɵ90֣ĿƷһƷ80֣ƷƷ70֣Դơλϵķǲߵۺϱַ֣ǴЩͷԲߵʡʵǱɡȵȵȸۺ
ɴ˿Կλ׵ĲУҶۺϱַߵġǽľϣƳĵҩƷʶͬĻϣھ
ϯϣؽͻһЦ˵Цȴȫ졣
ؽЦԵмֿɬЩڸոûдӦ뻨´ˡ
µЦȻмϷʵζˡ
ڹϯϵĽԵ쳣ƽ֮ȴ¶һ˿Σǳ¼һοʧء
ԱҶһλŲһ裬༸ˣȻҲľɥ
ֵܣϲϲԱߺλһͷҶϲʻͦߵġ
лҶл
ţԱ𣺡δܽ׵λѡ뿪
˰̾һϧȥ
Ա̨ϵ˵λվмλһ˵ţһߵмλǰʰɾ
ҶߵǸλվǰһɨķֶ޼ùŹֵĿⶢЩ
ѲеĿ䶯Ҷ찵˼Էǵ۷ܿЩϸҲûʲôֵġ
Ƭ˼ҶҲᣬҪ˼ǣⳡδ
һԭϣܳĿƷһƷɽͳƷЩǰʧ֮ۡ
ľ˵ʵʵʵģвԵھ֮ϯ
һȨҶĶϸټһЩϣܾһЩƷҩͬʱҲҪ־Ʒźá
ʵƷ뾫Ʒ֮һĺ蹵Щĸ߼ʦаܰٷְƳƷҩԶƳƷΪʦһָľ⾳͸ӾһôζóȥһˣԺǲܳȥģǽųˡ
λǰվú󣬹Աִ˵Ǳ˭ܶñĹھأҾĿԴɡһʮŵ鵤Ȼͬÿһλǰ֣÷߱ǹھ
֮ԾҪʮŵ鵤ҲΪ˾ɷ֡
Ա˵֮ߵǰҩķַˡ
۲ݣǶڲ²ŵ˭ӮĹھ
һŲܹһ˵ʵԱȽȶģҶۺϱַԱȽϸߣֻҪڵҩƷĶڻҲ൱ߵġ
Ƭ֮󣬱žйڵĿⶼۼλϡ
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Ҷ찴֮ǰķһЩϸϵĸģߵҩƷʡ
ЩͷĿ֮ѲӣϳһǶҶĹעȼߣƺҪҶľֹ֮нʲô
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ʵЩͷҲܿҶһϸڵĴҪһθӵλ
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ͷһſŵҩֲϵͷԱֽڶݵҩȥ
ܿ죬Ҷĵҩ˵ͷǰ
ͷһŵҩ˿ţ˵ͷҩһԡһţ˿Բ죬ţɫһϸ˿š
һκһ˼ľƷҩ
һ˶ը죬ԭɲ֮žĿˢˢؾۼͷϡ
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ϵͷ˿ţ󼤶ĵͷ϶ȷʵǾƷҩ˵ֽҩȥͷ׷׼һ飬óһµĴ𰸣ȷʵһžƷҩ
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ȫ֮ʣҶȴЩЦãʵϣĿΪ֪ԼڵĴ̫ҡΣ鷢չһѾûлˡ
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Ա󣬽ǰ佱ڡ
޼ߵĵһλΪڶ佱
Ѿû˵ýϲã˿̣ǵҲڳĹһ˷ܣ޷ţԼ߾Ȼʦ֡
ֻϧǽߣǻ޷λʦòֻ֪쳣ᡣ
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Ҷܸо˵ΣУԼĳΪؼΣأֲͷӡ
ųصĲһǰȥԽԽҶԽԽš
ʲôԼ׺ʲôһԼ
޼λֻʣԶʱȻͣס˽ŲˣԼԪϵĶ
Ҷһʱ˿̣ѾоͶƻȻԷѾ


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۾һУһӣһɾҶϮȥ
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ҲɣѸȡһɫսȻǼеȻϵ
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Ҷ첢ϵǻͷʶӣǹԨҶʱйһЩĦ
ȻλͷԨһ֣ͬҶ²⣬ӦҲǹȼˡ
ʵҶϣ⻨ͷǹȼ峤٣ӵ쾳Ϊ
ȼҵĸֳϳҲ֮С
Ҷ˵˵ĳǽֳľøӸˡ
Ҷ޷ٵΪҲܲ³ԷǾǡ£ȼһ֣ͬɾЩΣˡ
̨ϵĹǶѪڣûϵⳡ˾Ȼλ쾳ǿ֮ĴսսǧѵһģڴһҲǲˡ
ȼλ쾳ǿߺǳȥģǲ
ɲǣȻΪܹͣսʤ쾳ǿߣȻܶԸ˶쾳ǿ쾳ǿߵֹơ
һžͽڴˣһĵ۹һʧ
ǶʾϧͰ̾
ϯϵĺؽȴȻ侲ȻҶܵǹƥܳ¼λ쾳ǿߣ˵ӦҲӦ˹ȼˡ
ȻҶʵڵסȻ᲻һеĳ֡


535 ˫
䣡
ٵһսıڰսţ֮һڷɣмƷɵĴɢ׿⿴̨ϵЩǣҲܸܵһɹɺȵӭϮ
˫쾳ǿߣһδʹʵ֮ˣѽЩͽʿĿࡣ
쾳ǿߵʵ򵥵һζԻ춯صơ
ս񵶷ƺҪϷĺѷһ赲סϷġԵúš
ϷҪ·磬쾳ǿ֮ƴĿɲǹҲ˿ʾ
˵ԼľѧˣһЦ
㲻ʩչѧƾս񵶷ϷҲû㡣ҪһЩȻҪϣֲϵˡ
ҵҪǴšȻ𳤽Ԫע룬ͽȻչʮףһӨ͸ıһ׳ıƷ
ڱ͵ɲǣˡһһȦȦۿ۵ɫԱϵɢ
ĵɭ亮˲ȫٵ·üëͰ׷Ѹٽһ㺮˪ԪܸǷС졣ȻЩɲ𵽽µЧͬʱй
бֳֽûκζȴȼףûãɻˡ
һ£Χ¶Ȼ˼֣ʱһ޴ĽȻ
㵹֮ʷ޵ŭ϶ĺ硣
Եͷµľ޽ٲ̧֣ɲֱ֮ŭ׳죬ֳһֻʮ׸ߵľ޴ֱֱۡ۴׳ָſ֮ƣڱϮ֮ʣſָ͵һ󣬡ᡱµľ޽ץš
У
ŨŨԻ뺮޽ڰнֲ£һʱ֮Էֳʤ
ڹǾ̾ڽƽ֮ʱԶءһ죬ŤתĿ⣬űķȥ
ֻֻʬػʮ׵ڵأ̶ֳȵĹԶʬƺ˿Ч֮󣬶ʬѸٴӵЩīɫҡҷͣ
ֻܷĶʬֻҮɵĶʬƺźֻܴҮնʬĿƤīɫһ۱ܿһɥʬǰܷʬȼīɫ֮⣬࿴졣
ʵһҶҲѾˣֻЩɥʬûʲô˽⣬ҲЩʲô
ʬûмŷƣڵȴĺⶾʬ𣬻üͷȻҲ֪ʬϵźǿķȴûϵǿֵز
ٺЦ߶ʬϵԭľҪЩͨʬ࣬ٻ뱾ƳĲ棬ͱЩʬȻܱ֤סȫͨĹȫЧġ
оˣôͲȰԸоЩأµЦ
ӣ㶮ƨоЩ˾ΪгһԼϣѾҵһֻҪסСӣǱܿͿоˡĿҶ췽ȥ˼УټȼѳҶǰºȵһŵ㣬ҪǰСӸˣͰƳɶʬ
䣬ǰϮһͷһֻȼųɫϮ
ȶӦȻϮԪϡ
أ
ǰ㵹ɳȥǰԪҲ΢˼֡
ɳʮ׺󣬶ﳤ󷽵һӲֹ
סƺƿڴӣ͵Ϯ
ͷ˭㲻ӦսءµЦ
ߣȱƳɶʬ㻹εɪ߷˵
־湻ԶģֻϧⱲʵֲˡ°ŪĺЦ˵
ǿδأһﳤһ˦Ũ棬Աһɣȥ
ܻ߶ѴȻ죬̨ϴ󲿷ֵĿⶼҶϣǶܺһ˵ļл
СӾܴܶ쾳ǿߣҲԲ쾳ǿߵĶ֣ο˵ֹˡ
ǿδأûֻë𣿾˵Ǽһ׻ɱһʥޣǴʵĻȫԵǶ쾳ǿߵڣͿܲܶԸλ쾳ǿˡ
ͣƺͦģ˵ǰϵǸ֪Ǽ١
ûǵȻֿͨȽףǲǸʲô
˵ҲǣСʵ̫ˣȻӵиһϵϵ֮Ҳֻһˡ
̨ϹǶ棬ҶûټڿնȻڿռźܴƣһжһһλ쾳ǿߣ֮£ݲ˷˿Ԫ;
֮ʱѸȡһԪȥԱսܹĻָԪ
ԪһǰѷٵĿǰľǿȣҪͬʱٿ¡
һĻֶ̨ʱһ󾪺
ǶҶеʮֺ棬Ǹ棬һôһõʹ
׵ƺҲ򵥡
ȷʵӦһϵȻϵСͬʱʹߵܶס𣿡
ղһŵҩӦǻԪĻǿ֧һᡣ
ᣡ
ٵ֣еľ׵Ҳɫą̂ϽǶʶ˫ƺսˡ
Ԩһǰһ󣬽Ҷм䣬ҶƸڵ¼˶жţԣû˿֮⡣
˶ûмų֣ǵĿⲻԼͬľۼҶֻëϣֻë͸һ˿Ϊ˳β֮⣬ľ͸ͨûʲôˡﶼʮԲͨΪ׾ٵĻɱһʥޣ˿Բ²⣬ӵŶǵʵ
ҶϵСĶǰĹ٣ܹǰͷҪȺͷǸһһЩ
Ҷ콫ɢʮףҲʱ̼˵һһ
Ƭ̵Ķ֮ҶȻâӰ漴ԭʧţ¡һ
һ룬ҶȰ˹ԨǰϾ׵߾ٹͷױ
ԨͻϮһӦҶľ׵Ѿͷ¡


536 ս
䣡
ɫâڹԨԪըԪ͵һâ˲䰵֡
ԨʧˣȻҶϵķٵ˳ȥԨæҵľĳǰ
ᣡ
Ԩˣ󷽵ĹѾ󵶳Ҷȥ
͵ϮĻֻһΣȻҶɲýһλܽԨУһѾˣԨǼһһʱǻˡ
ʵҲˣҶͻϮǱȽϳɹһն˹ԨţȻжηηš
ΣҶѸת׵ǰ
ᣡ
ֻͨĹ쾳ǿߵɲǶ쾳ʿܱģػ֮£Ҷ켱ˡ
λҶ󷽵ĹԨԭӦóûӱҶ췢𹥻ȻһԷղǽһջǷδõĽᣬѡʩչԶ̹߾ٳȼɫ
Ҷľ̽⵽ԨĶӺ˵ƣһתԨľ׵ҲǸ߸߾
һĻԨʱʧɫӲӶԷһѸٳоٽǰ
أ
ײɲǣɫâĴڸ񵲲ִ٣һԨ·磬Ƶһ˼ǿסơ
ԭҶǴʤ׷ǲ󷽹ѻӵϮΣҲֻʩչһ죬Ծ𣬶Ϯ
䣡
Ļ͵Ҷ֮ǰվĵϣڵһ蹵
ҶɵӦȼ˵ļл̨ϵĹǶǾﲻѡ
Сӿƺӵŷḻս飬ɻȼ˵ơ
ǸԨ״̬̫ãηηβӲһơ
ǱԷһε͵Ϯסˣ˵һȷʵģٶһ˸ӦټһףǶԸһ쾳ΪһܻԷԪܡ
̨ЩʦͷҲµĿҶǱߣɣҶȼ֮ս߿ġ
ЩͷȻҶʵΪӸղȼҶ˵ļζԻ֮УҲܿЩߡҶʮԵģ쾳ΪղŹԨˣԣͷҲһ϶Ҷֻж쾳Ϊ
һ쾳ʿܹڶ쾳쾳ֹ£ˮƽԲ򵥣ҶղչֳۺʵЩͷǰһ
ϯϣؽɫԵüΪƽҶղŵı֣Ȼǳֿ϶̬ȵģֻֻǿʼٶδչֳʵҲȥ˫ӡ
ʵؽﻹЩҶ쵣ĵģ֪Ҷֻж쾳ΪƾЩĹܹʵӵлɱ쾳ǿߵʵ쾳ǿǰԵЩֵһˡ
֮һˮ룬ǰʵ֣ǻǴ쾳ǰڣǱ쾳ڣ߼Ĳ෽棬ϵǺֲģοҶֻж쾳Ϊ
ںؽЩǣҶҲ֪ڿУԳ֮ǰǼغϵĽƴϷ磬ĻǺܴġߵֹûʱʩչǿʽͬʱŶԷʩչСڹٵĸ£ҪɱԨҲ̫ܣ״̬ǳȥǱɵġ
Ƭ̵˼ҶСڷԸСڣȥǸýļһҲֻȽԨסһһĶԸ١
СڴӦһ㻯âŹԨ˳ȥ
һСԨЩţҶһͻϮһλǹľѾڸ߶Ƚ״ֻ̬֪ʵǳޣĻҡ
ԨæӽСϮȥûб״̬£СȻӲӶԷĹڰչĵת򣬱ܿ˹ԨĳƣֻҪŹԨɣҲûҪðȥԷ
Сڳɹס˹ԨҶעڹϣ߳ԼȽ׵ĶǰһõĻǼֲƬ̾͵ðˡ
صҶȽٵ֪ԼĿǰʵҪһιԷУֿԲԣΨһʤôĥӲݣ񵱳Ըɽһ
Ҫ־սĻǾͱʡԪ뾫Ŀ֧ڣԪĸֻҪʩչЩԪԪǿԱȶ״̬ˣΪؼĻǽʡ
䶢Ҷ죬ӸղżغϵĽУѾҶΪڶǡӣԼӵ쾳ΪҲûʲôǵġ
Ƭ̣дһ˦ƽҲ࣬裬侹֮
Ҷ첢δʩչľЩٻΪ֪ԷһʽܻԪܣһԪ飬Сɾ᧿Σˡԣڷ֮ǰҪĻȰغ÷һء
ŰľУһâҫķҶ¶ЩҶתʥ쳹ȫ
һĻ̨Щͷ¶֮ɫǻôһͣûصʽ
ϳЩġ
ĪǴ˵еĹŷԣ𾪲
ϵôһͷʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ϷҲֻǲ²ѣϾδʶ
ո˵Ĺŷʲôأһͷʵ
ŷϷҲֻһżмһΣ˵˹ŷ͸ľ͵
ͷû˼
ʱпڴȣҶ졣
󵶻֮ʣƳƺޱȡ
ʱҶķķҲѾȫʩչϮϽʩչײԷĹơϾķǼΪľģʩչҲΪ˱ѣܶԷ
ԶվƺҶϽ׵עԪ׼ʩչն
⾪նʽȽ⣬ʱֻҪ㹻ʱܹ׶¡ȻҶĿǰΪܿƵʮ޵ġ
ٲδҶΪռžƣȻԷƴʽ
һҶҲ󵶣עԪ
Ԫ󣬹ĳͽȻ棬ʮ׳ľ޴浶Ƭ֮֮ٴ𣬶һԷ֣һȰֵĻ泤Թе˳Ż浶ƶϣס忴ȥһؼ


537 
ҶǱߣ׵׳죬ҲǾһƬƣǵֱһֵ״͸ƣνء
̨ϵĹĿɿڴ֮ȻһЩѾƸڼʶҶʩչУǾ󲿷˶ǵһο׵֮Ǵĵ׵ľη
ҶߵĶԶսĻµˡ
Ťͷȥǵף¶֮ɫҶȻйһνӴֻ֪Ҷ֪Ⱦ׵
ڶԾ֮ʣѸٻعûơ
ɺӻûɵĻߣڵ˳ȥͽȻſѪҪһ¡
ֱߵĹƱƽǰŷӦɫһ䣬æҵĻ賤ҧĴϮȥ
أ
ĳֱӴ̴˻ߵĴڣ߻ǲƵŶ˻ҧȥ
䣡
𣬶屻ûԲʮڵĵ涼ѿ״ѷ졣
һ֮£һӰҴҵĴ˳
Ԫѱʱͷ棬ǱȫǸմӻҴߡ
ӣ㾹Ȼ͵ϮẒָ̇ŶĻ·߷ߺ
ͷĶĻһСŮӿɾ쿩Ц
ߣɱΣձ㳢ʬ˵ִ̧һâǰĶʬϡ
âû붾ʬڣʬϵʢ֣űһţ³һīɫŻϯȥ
¸Ͻĺӣʹӭ档
ûϣЩԵǷǵδϵĻʴڣ̶Ƭ֮䣬ϵǣֱͬơ
Ʋ¸ϽУӸ˻ͬʱ
ܻΪռݾƣҪǰĶûô׵ġ
ʱϿ֮׹˸էȻЩ׵ǵ׾ۼٵʽѾ׼ϡ
նٴһдһӣǸ׵һ֮ҶϮȥ
ҶҲǺɵػӵӭϣͷǵ׽ƣȻ
׵ڸ߿֮ײһ
¡
ɲ֮䣬Ҳһ㣬Ǿ춯صı֮ǽ˶Ĥʹ
׵δһɢڰнֲ£ɫâɫ֯һ𣬲ͣ˷䣬ҶͷϿյİء
Ƭ̣׽¶ƣ׵Ҷ㵹һ˿˿â˳׵Ϯ·Ĺ٣ЩâֱӴ͸˹ٵԪܣϮŹٵ塣
üͷ壬Щ׻Ǹ˲ϵʹʵ˺
׵İԽԽԣҶϷʽѸʩչһ죬Ծ
˿ʮ׺ҶסƣһζԻ֮У鵽Լ쾳Է쾳֮Ĳ࣬ԷղʩչƺֻǵؾʽȻǿ˹ξնֻ״̬²һҶ״̬µľնҲ޷Էľƴ
ȥܣ취СҶ촭˿ڴ˼ͬʱɢ۲ߵս
ǱߴҲȽϳ˫ʵ޼ٵĹҪ΢ѷڶԷȻһʱ᲻ܣҪܶԷƺҲ̫ס
ǱߵȽϸӣȻƾΪϵƣ΢ռϷ磬ǶֻʬĶޱȣԸҲ൱֣ʱڣ˫Ҳѷֳʤ
ҶҲֻܽϣСϣСڶܣɶŹԨĹڸԷ׽ԲƵġԨԵмŭ㱻һֻˣת˵ɲʲôٵ¡
Ƭ̵Ĺ۲ҶСڷȥ͵ϮԪܣûҧĲӡ
ˣСڴӦһ
ʱټٳǰ󵶺Ȼ£ҶѸٻӵ񵲡
ᣡ
ͻ֮£ҶǱӲĻʮס
סƵʱλڹԨ󷽣ǳֵʱ
û˿ɣնٶʩչһ£ҶԨ
ٺܿ쿴ҶľٶæԶĹԨѵСı󣡡ͬʱѸעԪһʮ׳Ļ޵ȻҶȥ
ܹԨûвΣһٵѣҲӽ˦ȥ
ᣡ
ԨĻ˵ĸҶĹƣִٵĸ񵲽ֻǵ˱նһʣĹƻǽʵʵĺԪϡ
ǡءһ죬ػ֮£ԨԪ͵һϹâ˲䰵֣ڻǿס˱ն
ȻԨûüңּԷһ˦ö
ھ̫Ԩ⧲ֻЩϮԪϡ
䣡
ԪɢԪܱɲǣСڻһâŹԨĺȥ
һһĹֱйԨʤͷ֮ʱСѾһҧĺϡ
ԨһҽУֱ̽СץȥСڼþգ㿪˶Էơ
ѪԹԨϿӿȻСݷޱȣԨϾǶ쾳ǿߣڱСһҧȻܴˣȻսȥˡ
ԭҶֱҪ˹ԨǹٵĹѾͷϮΣֻܾ׵ֵ
䣡
޴Ļ浶ײھ׵ϣ׵ֻǵһС󲿷Ǻ˷ķϡ
ǵײķķҫ۽â˲
һձȫķƺѾ˴󲿷ϵĹâҲǰࡣ
ҶϽСٻȻѸٳˡ
ټԨƲᣬԸ˰ɡ
ǣԨһĵҶݺݵȥһۣȻȥ
ʱ̨ѾһƬҶһλ쾳ǿǰһλ쾳ǿߣⲻòй̾
ɾˣ˻ǾҶʤʮãӸղҶ֮ļμ򵥽ҶԴƵġֻëٶȿ֮⣬ƺֻ͵Ļ쾳ǿǰɲó
СڵıҶҲ൱ͷʹȻϴڶԸֻʱǧһ֮ʼʱ˱״ַ̬ʽʵ̫ΣգҶɲðճˡ
Զд󵶸߾ٹͷӿ緢գ֮һʮ׳ľͻ
Ҷüͷһ壬ȻԷ׼ˣʱȥԪܷ𹥻Ҳ޼¡ΪҶɲԼܸڶԷʽ֮ǰԪܡ
Ҳֻ취ˡҶһᣬæ׵еСݷȥָʾ
СѸ׵ڷʮ׸߿գɲ֮رɫķϿջ۶


538 
һ˫˫𾪵ĿˢˢľۼڰеСϡ
ǸС˺Ǵǰϵеģѵϵе飿
⵽ʲôޣû˵ްɣ
̫ˣЩӦǱٻİɣ
֮ǫ̈̄ЩҲǾ֡
ƺѰ޻ɵ顣һͷͷſеСݣüɵ
ϵôϵ޼ʵ
ӦǴ˵еɡ޼²
ѵĴȵ
Ȼӵźƻͨʮа˾žˡ޼ƽ֮Ȼٲ𾪡
˵ǺηʥȻӵһͨ챦˾̾Ľ
ǽĳλĶõЩİɡ˲²
ͷ׷׵ͷʾͬ޼ȴ鸴ӵؿԶҶ졣
ʱ˿̣ѹѹѾϵƬգϽҰ·ҹһ㣬Ե쳣ѹ֡
¡
ϵ֮𣬿Կвͣ׷ڣͷ·нսʮ׳ۡ
֮ǡ¡һ֮ǰҪٱͬʱһ׳
ǵֱӻ˿еСݣСݽռ۳һŹ
âƬ֮ǡ¡һڶ׵׵ϣٶͼ֡
׵ϵ̶Ƭ֮䣬ǸѾۼֱʮ֮âꡱ绡ͣ𣬿Ϊ꣬·ʱܱըһ㡣
һĻ̨ϵĹǶ¶֮ɫ̺ŵĿֲǸеļ£֮˿¡
Ĺ¶ɫ֪Է۳ôһ򵽵Ҫʲôֱӷ𹥻Ļû֮⡣
ȻٵȫǶģСݵֻռڻȴûЩҶСռЩҲֻΪϾСǾ׵飬ڻֱӱ׵ãͿԴʡʱ䡣
ٵʽɣǱѾûΪһʮ׳Ļڸ߿֮Уҡҷòʵ
ĵ죬һԭ쾳ʽ쾳ĹʩչҲͿɼһˡ
ûǸ򣬴ʽ׼ɣѸʩչ󵶻֮£ŤˣǧˣƻֺŵϵҶ츩ȥ
Ҷо׵ǸһâϵתƵ׵ϣ׵ףͽȻչʮף˳ǰ˳Ļȥ
䣡
׵лԴ춯ص֮𣬾޴׵ײɲǺȻѣԴըϡãĻΧɢ
ȻǸոձըõԴת֮Ǻӡ
һĻҶ֪ӲƴǲȡģĿת˶Ĺ١
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ϮһââҶϣʱ֮䣬±ϸСĵ绡ԡ׵
ڴڼ䣬ٴʹ
Ҷ첻˼ʩչնŹ˳ȥ
һлطȻеٶԸϲҶıն
ջǰҶѾǰ߾پ׵Ԫȥ
䣡
ٵԪһ̶ֳȵĹԶԪܹΣա
Ҷ칥µͬʱٵĻѸٻطҶ챳ơ
ҶԥʩչײɹӻĻȥ£СռҲòŽԼˡ
Ҷʩչն뱼ײ͹ٴλսԹٵʵԿҶʩչնʱΣٶȻ޷ҶĽ࣬ÿλطҪһɴͷֱʹ̬
ԷԼܲ͸磬ҶҲͲǽĿת˲Զ
ʱҶǱʮ׳ıٵľ޴ִȻ졣
ոٶһʱϮͷ𡰺һҶıնԪϡ
͵Ϯŭﳤһ˦󷽺ɨȥȻҶʩչײԶԶ롣
սɨپӦٵľȭѾӭ
⧲ءһ֮£ײɳȥϵԪҲ˲䰵˼֡
ٳʤ׷ȭŷ˳ȥϮȥȭϮ;㱻ٵĻס
䣡
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ҶĽͶøӽͱЩԶԣٺͻҲ࣬ȻЩϸ΢ĸıʱ̫Чġ
ʶɴջػͬʱֽĳҲս˴䣬ţͽȻ˿񱩵ŭ档
ԷɢҶͷһҲ֪ԷȻʩչ
ŶԷ֮ʣҶٳǰϵԪһͿСҲǲͣײ
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539 
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䣡
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ٿԶĹ٣ѴƳҶͷһ˿˿ϸŬ£һ±Ǵľʹ
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СڣҶ˻ûб״̬£Сܳܵסȹ
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ҶӰضپһ㱻ȥĥԷٶ̫죬ûлֵء
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ȻҶ˵ΣǱ׽ǱƳɶʬĻǾӵҲ޼¡


540 
Ȼû廹Ǻоֵģ͹ԹʵƷɡ˵žҪҶץȥ;йϮǣæӹɨȥ
أ
µĺײڶĳϣײ£סơ
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ЩҶնδܳͬǣʬʵȴһΣЩٶȺϱֵΪԡһԭΪҲ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
˫ȻʱͳٵսҲǽ뵽Ȼ״̬
ֳһʮ׸ߵĻˣֳֻ𽣣ˣһ
ǱȻͻһ޴ıǱʮ׳һ֣ͨΪտɫ֮лתҲǲס
޽Ѿãÿһεײᷢ춯صĺ֮ͬʱߵģ̬Ҳ͸
ڲ֪ڼνʱںľͬʱѿһ񱩵ˣӲٺʮס
סƣע⵽಻ԶҶ졣
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ʶΣϽעԪӲĽСڱףͬʱ󷽳ˡ
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ͺ󣬽΢΢һˡһһȦȦɫԱϵɢ
ĵɭ亮˲ȫСЩҡҷóٻĳҲ֮ȻһӵмٵЧٶ·״ʩչеǼΪá
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أ
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Ҳʶһ㣬֪һȥǰ취ìͷһָҶ졣
û˿ԥڵαСںѸҶȥ
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ҶǾ׵׼ն
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ᣡ
ʵʵڷϣһâ֣ıȫֵ


541 ޼
ʶĵ֪ͻƣǹϷ
ٿԷϵѾ˽ٲʩչʽԵֵסԷһй
ݳɣѸעԪʩչ
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ڰཻɲ֮䵴һȦۿɼĿˣ仹ɫâɫЩâͺÿĦײᡱ֮ĴССĻҰɫ
ɫ׵ɫã׵еâ˳űӶȥͬʱ׵Ҳܱĺʴϸһ㺮˪·졣
˫ֶ֮ʣСڳûǰצϮԪܡ
ƲûҶ쳤ʱţѸٽϵһԵͷų
أ
һ׵ͬʱѿһɸӱըâͺֱҶϮȥӲ˱Ƶˡ
Ҷѽնӵ˼ޣһغϵĽ·硣ǰոճԪѱǱŰĺݻ٣Ҳܵһ̶ȵĳ֮ǰδȬ˼֡
ҶԣҪֹ࣬ǲԪܻδݻ٣ֻΪܵĳ廹Щ顣
ʱ޼λ޼һȵʢ䣬Ϸһӣʿɶֹɡ
뻨ǱߵսܿͣȻ޼ѾѪҲøӡ
˫֣Ļ᳡ȻղһսҲδֳȷĽѾù̾Ϊֹ
۵ȵȻС꣬һжǰأӵʦˮƽӵ쾳Ϊһӵżǡǿ߿ʵڹֱǸճ漣
жͷ̣ǲΪҵͷŴУܻΣյҵ˥
ڶҶֻǸľ߼ֵоѣΪ֮˷ܣΪ֮ȣΪ֮п
СݱҶ컽صУСǱ֮ǰһСӵβ֮⣬ĺԭ졣
ˣ޼ڵڰ˽ҲĻˣٴθл棬˳
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ֱҶӰҰʧջ˫̰Ŀ⣬ֻʬ˻ȥ¿ȥ˵ӣյ˱ģ͵Ķʬɡ
Ĳ󣬶ͷͱ쿪ˣһһʮĿͷ˰ɣСѱˣ³Цתϯȥ
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ϣ޼Ϊ£ؽԵмǡ
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ҶĻش޼ԵЩʧּʵʦմ
ܶԷʵԼʦҶ޷λԼʦҶȻʵֻ֮˵ʵһ֮һλƼˮǰڣҲö֪ʵ˵ҲʵλľǰԸҲ˵Լ
޼Ŀ֮¶һ˿ɵɫɲ˭Ὣ֮⴫ڡ
ҶҲ˶ԷĻɣ̽ԵʵǰΪ˹ĵɣ
ΪϷͬһɡ޼ֱӵĻش
Ҷ۾һɣоȣԷʵĻ˵ҲԯҽɴˣҶ˵Ǻε֮¡
Ҷܿ侲»ųԷǹ˵˻ԼϹԱñ־裬ûп϶Է֮ǰɲױ¶Լݡ
ǰɷ˵˵Ԫ鵤ϸ䷽Ʋ裿Ҷʵ̽ԷǷΪʵ
ҶһǮݰǮǺǮӧǮ޼Ԫ鵤䷽Ʋϸ˵˳
һ˵ͬɵĵҩ䷽Ʋ趼죬ԣԷһֲ©ĻشҶҲͿ϶ݡ
˵ǰҲԯҽɵĴˣҶ켤ʵ
޼Цŵ˵ͷ˵ϷҶ޼
Ҷ޼޼ڡҶ첻һЦôҲûϵλڵ۷ĴȻԼͬǰϸ뵹ҲΪ棬ʵϵĵѧɣҲΨʵͳҶ޼۷
Ȼ֪ԯҽɣҲ֪ʦɣҶ޼ʵ


542 ȥ
ʵղ˵ĶʵʦҶ޷ǽ֮ȴһλ֪ǰ˵ԼпľҶʵ˵
ľҶ޼ü˼Ƭ̣ҡͷ˵ϷҲδ˵
ʵΪԯҽɴˣǶ˽٣ǰҲֻǸʦѧϰҽʱ֪Ƶھ֣ȴ֪֮Ҳһķֱǰ֪ʵ£ҵλľǰ֮ʱҲδ˵׵ʵҶ˵
ҽ͵⴫˵λľǰҲ֪ԯҽɴˣԲŻὫʵ㡣Ҷ޼²
Ӧ˰ɣǲ֪λǰλ档Ҷ
Ҷ޼룬ִӴȡһžĻ̯ҶչʾʣλǰǴˣ
Ҷ쿴˿Ҷ޼еĻ⻭ϵ˲λľǰҲмӡϸһ룬ȻһЩҶ޼ʵǰ⣬⻭ϵ˭أ
ǼʦҶ޻꣬ų޻굤񡣡Ҷ޼ش
Ҷ޻ꣿҶ֮ɫ
Ϸû´ĻʦӦҶɣҶ޼ʵ
ǡҶͷ
Ϸʦ˵иʦܽҶųҽ񣬶λʦϸϷ֪Ҳ࣬ʦἰ֮¡Ҷ޼˵
˵ӦóƺǰΪʦˡҶ칧˵
Ҷ޼ЦЦʵȻԯҽɴˣҲӵרõְɣ
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Ҷ޷Ҷ죬޷죬ǺǺǣʦͽֵǹġҶ޼Ц
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ʦֶ֪ǺΪҶ޼ԵЩŭ
Ҳضˣȴ֪ΪܿѾԶԶԽΪޡλ˵ɽ޳ԪӤ˵ĻǴ˿ɾ൱ֲˡ
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Ҷ޼ҡҡͷ˵ϷҲö֪ԯҽӵг֮ȻʦһֱԴ¼ڲԣϷӦòǿѨ磬ⳤ˵ʵʦҲͲΪˡ
ҶͷͬڣԼλʦҶǻû˵̫ʦˡ
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ҩȽϡ٣ûʲô;ϷҲֻἰҵϷҲö֪Ҷ޼˵
ĪζҩƶҩģҶʵ
ӦǰɡҶ޼˵ֵϷ䲻֪붾֮кζԹҪ㣬ǧСĴˡرǲ͸¶Լԯҽɴ˵ݣԺʲô鷳Ϸǡ
лʦҶл
ȻûҶ޼ѻڤ䣬֪ҩȷʵǴڵġ£֪ѻڤģҲֻжˣҶ˵Ҳһź
Ҷ޼ĵһӣҶȥΪ֤ҶİȫҶ޼صطԸҶصĺ̻ᡣ
Ҷؽ̸֪Ҷܾ޼ڣؽ𷽲˿
죬Ѿ¶ҿʱǱˣҪȻܻܿ⵽ҺͶ˵׷ɱؽȰ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵һֱ񶾽̱ȻԴΪڣֶԸĺ̻ᣬұ뾡ȥ뿪Ϊԭ򣬸ĻΪҶ顣
ؽ룬ͷʵǺðɣʲôʱأ
ҶҲشһ̡
УúϢһΪ׼һеġؽ˵
ͺشˡ
ؽΪҶУҰѳҲ˹
ҶȻ֪ؽ⣬Ⱥؽ𿪿ڣ㽫¼ͷѨλ֪ⷨ٣ϾһսҲ˲ٵæ
ҹȻų˪˪ɹ
˪˪Ҷ컳˵죬һߡ
ôأﻹкӣͰĵɣһᾡϻġҶ§ų˪˪
Ҫںӳʱ򿴲㣬һẦµġ˪˪Ҷ죬ԵüΪ
ĺˣĸϲشһᱣͺӵġҶοǰԭȵļƻȥһ׳Ǿͻϻݰ¶һ뿪ǣϦʵԤ⣬лΣպĥȫδ֪
˪˪˵ͷȻʵ죬ǵĺӽʲôأ
Ҷת룬˵ҪкŮģϣܹ㿪Ŀ֣ͬʱҲϣܹĵĳɳ
ţ˪˪ЦŴӦ
һĵ˯
峿ɷҶ졢硢ںؽһ˵Ŀ£޳뿪ĺ̻ᡣ


543 ׷ɱ
Ϊʱ磬Ľֵϲû̫ˣ̤ȫٳ۳ңűȥ
˵ǰ·ǳǰǱѡ
޳ʻţǰһֱĴ·һͷ
ܰû˵
Ҷûٴɫϴһסϲֻ֣¶͵ߡ
溫ǣֽһϲ˽źͲ飬ȻҲ֪˳֮Σء
վǻ޳ʻûãҶԶԶɢľѾ̽⵽󷽰׷ٲ
ٲܹô׷Ȼ˵ĺ̻ﰲߡ
ǰķֲ·ͣһ¡Ҷ򳵷Ը
ǣӦ
Ҷĺ˵磬ǵǰֵˡ
ҶֵܣǲҪһȥ׳𣿡Щɻ
˼ҵѾں׷Ǵߵ·ߣҴұ߽Ҷ˵
Ҷ⻰Խǡ
ҶֵܣǺΣգ粻ĵ
ǷĺˣһҪӦòġҶ찲
أʵ
ʵǸֻΣգԵ֮ǻԼҵطɡҶ˵
翴һۣȻҶͷǺðɣҶֵܣллô࣬ԸԺлټ
ҶЦЦ˵Ļͱ˵ˣǶౣء
Ҳǡ˵
ʱ޳ʻֲ·ڲͣ
Ѹ³Ҷ֮󣬱Ҵҳ·ǰ
ĿȥҶгȥԼ·ڵȴٲ׷
޳뿪ãٲԶԶ˹
ҶȻٲ׷ǰڶԷƽʮԶʱ˵˼Ǹֵܣ֮Ҷ춨˼ȫ壡ô˵ҲֻΪ˰ٲչ
仰תұ·ȥ
ٲ·ڣ˿·ֿ˿ұ·ԶȥҶ죬˼Ҷ׷ȥ
գٲۼʶҶȼҶ˵սҶֳʵ𾪣ͬʱҲڣǿֻš
ڵǵΪӶܾҶԺֻͣŵµĵˡΪٷ꣬ʱ˼ҿǵֵסˣԣ󻼡
ȻҲκȥ׷Ҷ;Уȡһ鴫磬󷽸緢ȥ˴·׷ȥ
Ҷ켲ǰ񱼣ҵٲҲδٲȻΪռƣҶеķ͵ıײĸҲٲס롭
һ࣬ǣǰ񱼣ûܶԶѾӺͷ׷
磬ҵ׷ˡ羪
ɫ࣬¶˾һĻĻԺи֡
꣬ԼҲǣһ·ջûӹħצ
񣬵ıƺҪݣ֪һԼȻŮˡбݣһƬȻںޣԼصޣԼûʵ
ܿ׷ǰס˵ȥ·
ͣ½Ųһ
ͷŹǰɡᰧ
ٸһλᣬ㻹ڤ粻飬Ǿ͸СһɡȻȵ
ҶǺˡᶨ˵
òȻŭߣҾɱ쵰㻹ôߡ
Աϣ緭ȡǱɫĳǹעԪֱźȥ
ۿųǹҪ뺫ؿڣͻȻһ˺ǰ
һû֣ǹѾ米ġ
ۣ
ǹ̴壬ȾѪǹͷǰ̳
һĻ۾ɵùԲҲǰ棬͵ʱһʱ˿̣ڵѪ
˻ˮģ˫ۣҲ޷ǰӡ
磬ңҪȣˡ翴ǰĺ磬۽Ǻᣬ˾ܺǰ˰ͷϣܺã£Щ뷨ԶҲ޷ΪʵˣһûһоҪˡ
ҪҪߣǻҪһܶܶ£㲻ܾôһˡڵأ§硣
棬ľĵ۾ֻųǹ΢΢ţȻ˵ҪһǵĳǹŮɲǣĻ̲סĲ
ľǲ֣źգִȥûκιʣʧźԶˡ
˻ߵĴţģ˰ڲľѾˣһ𣬳׵׵ˡ
ͷǰ磬еֻǳޣҪ𣬲ϧһд۵ĸ
̧֣ƾճһҺ˴Сͨɢīɫӣǵ屻ɺµǿʬˡ
û˿ԥֱӽʬ˶̽˶ӡ
ʬ˺󣬺ȼīʶʬɡȻһʶǿֿʬ˵Ϯ޾ĳޣڴñ֮ǰ
绺վؿŴһ档
ʬ羪ޱȣһˣڶ̶Ƭ֮侹Ȼһ߶ʬϵɿš
֮࣬ܿعæǹעԪǹϮ򺫷硣
ᣡ
ȼųǹںϣһϵ͵һվǽĹȫȫֵ
¹󣬺һţһ¶ӭϮȥ
æԪܣվһһδԪܵ赲ײؿϡ
ʬȻ֪ģæԪסؿϵļѨλֹʬɢ
ţûٺǰ߶ʬϵŮʬ忴һۺѸתӶݡ
Ȼȥͬͷϵ翴һۣȻڵ׷ȥ
ҶŷƵٲʮʱ࣬ʩչײһаס
ĿǰΪײҲܹаףȻеԽԶʱԽͬʱҲԽԪϵս֮Уûôʱ䣬һֻܶʮʮס
ٲҶѸȡǿŶݵ飬עԪֱӶݵǱУһҲӹٲ׷ɱ
Ѿӻصֲ·ڴĺ׷ᣬΣֻܼǷӶݶȥ
ûܼȴһϤӰǰӭ汼
ˣɫȻ֮࣬󷽵ĺǾŵͣס˽Ų
Ϊ汼Ƕ


544 
Ҷ뿪Ǻ󲻾ãյϢʮ𼱵׷˳
ԶԶǰзֲ·ڣԥҪ·׷ȥɾʱ·ͻȻһˡ
һ۱ϳ˼ҵ磬˼ĺ̻ĸ·꣬ͷȻɱ⡣
ǣ׼ֵʱ򣬺ôߵ·ϳ˳ȼĺ磬˼Ϳϲ֮ɫ
ʮˣѰʮ꣬Ҫ֪ʧʬˣ뱲ӵѪǶŮɽµʱ򣬶Ҳȥ
ǧҵɽ£ȴɽ·ȻһƬ̶̶ѰҲʬ壬϶Ѿ롣
˺ĴѰ٣ȴҲûҵǸѵӺԼǿŻʮ꣬飬òԲʬˡ
£ν̤Ьٴȫѹʬ˾ȻԸ˻
Ҳ쳩Ц˿ֻʣʳʬ˵ĺ磬Ҷ죬ѱ׵˾⡣
ϲ֮࣬Ѹֽ̧ӡһâ򺫷磬ͬʱȣգ
âк壬Щ˲塣
˷ܵسǰȥ¼ﻹֹͣʲô
ʶѱɴ룬ǺȻܹϳǰŶŻɻҲϳ
˾ǰɺ粢δ侲Ϊ֪ԼĿǰʵֻܲɫǱţȴһʧֻᡣ
ȫһ󣬶Ǹոʳʬˣ״̬дȶȥоɡ
˵ţź糯ǷȥʬʧϲȻҲû˼ȥ׷Ҷˡ
ǼһѾ֮ززȴܹķλΪϻԼʬ
Ǳ˰죬Ҷ췽Ŷݳ档
ʱλһƬɽ֮УڵǱôãѾֲ嶫
֮ǰΪⱻٲ̽鵽ǱڵȻоԼǱֱǰǱУڵ£Ҳܱ֤Լǰ·߲ƫ
ûмȥ򣬶ϥ£ķʹ̾Ԫ;ָ㡣
״ָ̬ܣԶһʵĴɽǿ첽ɽȥ
һĸ£Ҷɵɽɽ
վɽĴӣȴܶһ޼ʵɽ£һƬ֮С
̧ͷ˿죬ģ̫ȻҲû취̫ˡ
Ҷо֮ʣǰɽһԶԶ
һ֧СŶӣŮΪǸʮ꣬ߴͦελһ쾳ǿߡһʮӵòŮӣӵеؾΪŮӺһʮ̷ŮӣؾԲΪҲӵеؾԲΪ
һŶкٻ쾳ǿߣ֧ʵҲ㲻ˡ
ҶûȺҪȥʲôֻʸ·Կ첽ɽ±ȥ
ΪӺܿɽҶ죬ԷϴߣֿΪͣ˽Ų
ҶǰʮԶפλĪţΪɽ·ˣʸ·
Էô˵˵и˼֣ΪӿʵСֵܣҪȥأ
Ҷ룬شַ֪ôߣȻûǻµίС
һЩӡ
СֵܣȥַΪأΪʵ
ʵҲûʲô£Ǵǰ׳ǣֻ;л·ַѡҶڻش
ôһ˿ɵûΪ˵òŮӿʵҿһҲȥַͱİɣ
ŮӵܺҶ첢δסע⵽ŮӻǸҲ֣ɴ˲²˺ܿǰַ
Ǻǣ˵Цˣƾһĸȥֵطͱȷʵֻ·ѡҶ˵
Ϊ룬ҲмֵٿԷᣬΪӦò̫ߣľҲͽʧ
Ĳȥͱ𣿡òŮٴҶȷϡ
Ĳǣλָ򡣡Ҷ϶˵
Ȼ㲻ȥͱģǲ͸һ߰ɣҪȥַءòŮ
СһİӣʮΣյġΪӽ
ôΣأοôᣬд⣬ҲܶԸˡòŮӲΪȻ
˲ò࣬ΪߣһʲôĶҩ⻹ʮΣյġΪѵ
Ůӽ˵˵ûնϲ⣬С⽭ϵ˺ǽȻͬģԺҪѧĻкܶء
һ߸ֵǰСǴΪ㿴һĲпһ棬ҲСˣԺԶǳߡ
ҶܾЩ̲ģ˵˴а֮ˣΪա
ԭҲЩһߣԷô˵æ˵λֻҪΪָУ²Ҫͬе˼
Էѻ˵ϣΪһ˿Ҳͳˣ룬˵ⷽ治ָǱֱߵĻôԽɽһƬ׵أҪһߺˡ
ողǻҲҪİԸôˡòŮ첻
ḻȻܹ˻ˣǳȻøӽһЩСΪֱ׳˵
ߣҿֻĽڶѡòŮӽһֹ
ΪҲ磬Ҷ˵ҽɭ֪Сֵγƺ
ƣؾΪҶڻش
òŮæЦҽܵҽСͿˡ
Ҳ򵥵ҽܣһŮӽ㣬Ӹ߸Ľ޻ƫݵĽ޻ԡֿжϣӦһģȻҶ첢δϸʴ¡
ܺҶ·
Ҷϵƺܺ棬ߵҶϣʵС磬ϸŸأ
С񡣡ɭͷ
ֻΪʲô߶ѣ
СԺɲҪȥ˵˽ǽء
С磬ⴥ˽𣿡Ҷʵ
ʵҲʲô˽ΪĿЩªԲŴߡҶ˵
ԭªǺŵأʵ
ҶͷЩðֻڻشǲСŵġ
Ǳʲôŵأʲôʱŵأ˵ú𣿡һ⡣
ҶЦã֪Ѿͷɳʵף֮ǰ͸ûشˡ


545 
һɽһ¸磬ѾͷƺǵһγţºܸߣǵһνǵĺƵģһͶͣЪҶ˶Ǻܰһ̸˵أ
ʱƻ裬ɫѰһƧСɽȣڴϢ
Щľ˳ЩҰζΧǰտ
ƬɽΪʲôأһ߿һֻСӣһߺʵ
ɭ˲𣬽ǰƬɽ룬Ϊ߳ƵƬɽ֮УȻʮǰһҹ֮䱻塣˺Ƭɽоַ磬ɹַ֮ʧ٣ǾɹַԱΪ磬ƬɽҲ֮롣
òɣľսʵ˵˿
ֻǴ԰ˣĻʲôءɭ˵
ǰ·Ƕ˲ʮˣҲûʲôַ硣˵
ΪҪƿɽأʵ
ΪԽɽĿԽȻǲɽ꣬νСʹ괬»СĵΪ˵ɽڲޣʥ޳ûûĴԣǻǵñܿ򡣡Ǹ޻Եӽ͵
ʥ޺𣿡ʵ
Ȼʥ޾൱쾳ǿߣͬ׵ʥ쾳ǿ߻Ҫ޻˵
ԸˡԾ
ΪǲҪƵСɭ˵
˵ͷתҶ죬ʵС磬׳ʲôطأòأ
ҲͷһȥҶڻش
ȥ׳ʲôأʡ
ȥˡҶ򵥵Ļش
ʲôأŶ֪ˣһˣ԰ɣЦӯӯʵ
Ҷ˰Ѻ͵ˣȥʦá
ʦãѵʲôɵĵ𣿡Ǹⱦʸͣ
ֻǼСɶѡҶشѾͷúƯûȤϻ
ԭֻСɰҶ˵СɣԵЩʧּʵʦǲǺƯأ
ҶЩѾͷı£ͼʶˣֻҪһǾûûˡ
ͷæЦҶΧСôϸòϲ˼˰ɣ
һ죬ôҵҪǺܸߵģȣΪҪһߣΣҪһǿ׳ҪһӢ㣬һ㶼ûдﵽء
Ҷÿ񺹡
㿩Цɴ޸ˡ
ҲǺôЦ
ҪҵҵĻҾͼ޸ˡЦ˵
ҿˣҪȻȢؼңԺ䶼ˡɭЦ
ôôŮ첻
һЦ
㻶֣Ҷ̲ǣҲ֪ڿɺá
Цִ֮յҶǰСʵС磬ʦǲǺƯأ
ҶĨ˰Ѻ
֮⣬˶δҶʲôǶԣҶֻǸͶѡͬҶҲûȥǵ£ȵִַͻЩ˷ֱԺҲκιϸ
;ˣһ·ϻ·ˣջߣԼȥģм
ɫѰɽȼžȼշž죬ҡҷĻ⽫˵յúϵĿɢ˵ζ
ĻͷǴסˣעϵĿǿˮġ
ûأ֪ڼʵ
ƤѣʳǾͿҪˡɭĻش
͸èƵģȰ㻹Ǳ̫ϣ⿾㣬ûǰζѵ
С㣬ͱ½Сˣ㵱һγſ⿾ʱ򣬲ҲСһӶĳˡ޻˵
壬˵ôš
Ǻǣʵ⿾УܿһʿĽ顣һγԵʱΪʣԳڴͼȻԵöˣȻȻ;ʳ֮ζǸʱѾľˣһֱȥһ죬ܴƷζһµζ׷һζǽþ˱ܽζɭ٩٩̸
ǰνһ֦һҶһ磬κϸ΢У̺Ĵ˾Ӧöĥĥ鵽޻˵
˵ĻҶҲʮͬʦЩ꣬óԺסɣӹȥʲôȻ̶̰̫ĥѣҶ鵽鵽˳֮ᡢࡢ̣Ψζȫ
𰵵˶ѾԱ㣬ϢϢΪ̣ǵ㾫
ɽһƬžżѷžż紵ַĻ˵ֲͷ¶޵ѾϰΪ
ҹ賿ʱ֣ͻȻйɴϮɽȡ
紵Ƕ𣬽ԭִ̿û죬ǡ
ûȥɴ磬ֱһűѹ
ңҾǴʮ׿⴫ġ
˶۾ѲӰɽ쳣žƺʲôҲûз
ССɭվæɽȿڳȥһ߳һ߽к
ҲʶѸȥ
ľʱҶ͵һʱɢ̽⣬ԾǣȻǱһɽȥ
ɭ֮ǰ˵ǸĴԣҶʱԲ٣ǹǲ꣬ö֪ҾҲΪ档
ɭ˳ȿ֮ʱҶҲѸбײǹȥķ׷ȥ˵ֻƼˮ꣬ȫûҪΪȥգνʮֺ棬Ū⵽ʲô
ɭ˸ճ嵽ɽȿڣһӰ߷ͬʱҶȥ׷Ǽԭȵ·ǰǡ
Ҷٶȿó棬˷ӦʱѶ׿⣬ֻʣһ׹˸
壬ոպλֵܵɣ޻ɵ˵仹ͷɽ￴ȥѰҶӰ
ȷǣ죬ٶϣܹ׷ϡ޻˵
ղҸоһϮѵĴԶģ޻Щ֡
壬ôأ㲻֪ɭʵ
ֵܵΪ׷ҲδضԸˣοҹɽвʥ޳û޻Խ
ɭü룬˵˼ԭ·ǰһ׷ȥ


546 ͷ
壬һ˻᲻̫ðأҿһȥɡ㲻ĵ
Ǹҵٶȣʥ޵ĻǺһж᷽ࡣɭ˵
һҲֻδӦ
磬ǧҪСġ޻ɭ
İɣǸϽҹ·Զɭ仰󣬾Ҷǰķ򼱱ȥ
ɭӰʧںڰУ˱̡
Ҷһʩչαײɢ׿ľ̽⵽Ĵڡǹٶȿó棬Ƭ֮Ҷ˾롣
ҶѸȡһŻԪºһʩչαײ˲ףʱľֻʣ˶ʮס
Ҷ׼ʩչײʱǹͻȻֳһСϮ
Ҷæһ죬Ծʮ׸ߴɴ̤ǰ׷ȥ
Ȼ޷̽ĻҶ̺֮ޱǿʿΪȻѾԶ쾳ǿߡȻҲųʥޡ֮ĿܣҲϴֻβһޣһҲҶĵġ
ڶԷʵ̫ǿҶûҿ̫һֱŰҵľ룬ԶԶںߡ
׷һʱңʱ߶λĴǹһɽµ£ֱɽµһɽС
Ҷûм׷ȥΪɽнƣȻ޷״ȥġ
ɽǰͣһöɽȥ
䵽ɽڵʱ򣬾ײεǽһ㣬ᡱһ죬ڴһȦȦɫ
ƿͦǿӣҶ첻˼ʩչľЩٻʩչָϴںʹķָķ
ЩɫΧƬڰĿռ䣬Ҷʮָ鶯
Ƭָ֮׼ϣǸҫͼ˳Žâ·֮ײڽƹĻϡ
ͼڵ£ĻֳԭΣҶʩչľЩĻһƹĻϵͼڡ
зͼϹλͼҫ۵Ľâڡᡱһ£ƹĻ粣ѣЩĺľ˼֣ع鵽Ҷ֮ڡ
ҶѸɢɽ̽ȥǽǣɽʮȻһơ
Σֻܳɽٴʹͬķƽơ
е˹۵һƬӨӨ龧ʯһ׶һ龧ʯ׶ʮ׸ߵ龧ϣ·ʱ׹䡣һԷ֣һ޴Ķߣ˷ұڶ龧Щ龧ɢĹâߡ
ûӦͻȻһ
粻ҡҲССҪ˯۾ձպá˯ɣ˯ɡ
һӵѭȥֻԶվһͷ׷ݵͷﱧһøɲɵСˣȻڸС˳ҡ
ŤͷܣķܵϱضǰɭɭĹͷһͷжϣӦö˵Ĺͷ


һ룬Ĳӱ㱻һֻɰͰ͵ָסˡ
㾹ҳҵ˫㡣ͷĲӣݺݵ˵
Ƴͨ죬ţôҲѲͷǯĴ֡
оԼӿҪϵʱͷͻȻɿ֣ȻҥСˡ
źһɿȣûٿľսһɨܿҵ˳ڣȻŵȥ
ͷһֱŻСˣȫû
ܿͨڣȻ͵ͨȥʱͻȻײ˿ǽһ㣬˱õɳȥɽ
֪Ӳȥֻܿɥͷʵι㵽ʲôأץҪʲôأ
꣡ͷŤͷ˸ʾҪ
ʱЦãȻͷǸӣٿΧЩùǣپëȻ뵽֮ԼܿҲǵͬ飬ӾֵĶҲ⡣ֵ̿ߵһûùǵĽӰĨᣬҿ޳Ƿͷ
ɽͨĶ࣬ҶѾһݻƣʮףһơҵɽûзֲ·ڣҪȻɾеˡ
ϥ£ķʹ̾Ԫ;ָӯȻּƽơ
ִݻƣһǰ׼ƽʱͻȻһ󾢷ͨϮɾһֻεĴһ㣬һסҶ壬Ӳͨȥ
Ҷֻǡ֮ڶ߲ͣţŬſԪܣԪܸճͱ㱻ľ顣
ûƬ̣ǰ⣬űһʹȻѾء
ѣĸоչϱǲС磬ôˣ
ҶѭȥȻҲԷ
ţĿȻתǰȻڳҡķͷ¶֮ɫȻ֮ǰɾͷΪղ°ǹУҲȻͷ
Ȼ޷ΪҶ϶ȻӵϵΪֻǿ״̬ģƺЩӡ
Ҷӵ𣬽ȥߣʵСû°ɣ
ҡҡͷֲ˵С磬Һ¡
£һ취ȥġҶ
æߣĸ첲Ƶġ
첲ԷĴͷţҶЩԴҲǷ
һ˿ĭһŬԼ˷ܵƽ
ţֽǰͷϸ
ͷռһͷҵĳסòĴŻСˣҡˡ
ԷģҶ͵͵ľЩٻͷڵĽƴݻ١
ȻٻһʱͷȻֹȻŤͷ
ͷɢĿֲϢҶ쵹һһֶ̣СˣһҶ
ҶʶĳԪܡ
أ
ͷͽײڷķϣķ˲䱻ݻ٣ͬģԪҲǱͻƣͷһסҶĲӡ
Ʋһ˫˫ˤˡ
ͷһæɿ֣ɿתܵС˱ϣӵϱ𣬲˫ԣ˫ޡ
˿ҶʵС磬û°ɣ
ҶŲӣҡҡͷ
ƺʲôţʱޱȼ顣


547 
ǵһŵζҶȴǼζ嵭ޱȣ̺ʮ㣬ƢǹɽǹŨĸζ
ŵζʱҶһʱĳһ֡ʮ㷵¶
Ȳɢɽϸһɨܿ췢˶ǸһϹżˮһ㾧Ө͸¶飬¶ɢһ˿˿ۿɼӨӨ
Щ¶飬Ҷ϶Щǻʵʮ㷵¶
Ѫʡʮ㷵¶Щζҩġʱʮ㷵¶ֱȵҪϲٱҶ޲ȥЩʮ㷵¶ռ
ŬѹͷǹɼҶС˵𶯡
С磬ҪȥĶأҶҪߵӣϽסҶĸ첲
ƺгڣҹȥҶ˵ȻҲ˵ѣǸǽϣһֱ˶߶龧ʯȻпϷĴ󶴣Ӧֱ¶
С磬Ҫһȥ˵
Ҷ룬ͷӦǺðɣҡ˵ţŵĳŶЩȥ
Ƿͷȫûдˣʮ˳ǰ
ÿһƬҶ϶һžӨ¶飬Щ¶飬ƶС֥飬ֻǼŻƶС¶ϲӷ
Ҷɢһ߹۲ǷͷһȡƿСĽҶϵ¶ռ
С磬װЩ¶ˮʲôأʵȻʶЩ¶ޱϡҩ
꣡Ҷ˸ĶȻٰǼɢ¶ռ
ռ¶飬󷽵ķͷƺѾҶ׼ѸƿȻһѱһ쵱
ⶴ쳣ԣʹһЧӵ˼ޣҶһԾ˶ʮ׸ߡ
ڶеķ֮ʱϮһɿ磬ȻǷͷ׷ˡ
ҶϽеָף·ȥ
¡
Եָ׵СͨըȻһɿ񱩵ڱը˲䣬ΧұҲܿ±һϮýϷȥ
ҶȻ֪ⵯָ׵ıըǿҲܶԸ·ʵֲͷϵĳ·ͷŵָףͬʱýըϷԾ
Щ޷Էͷ˿˺Ҳǰ谭
һʩչεָףڱըһĹͬ£Ҷ챧ٶȳɽ¶
·˳Ƶ¡¡죬ɽҲţҪ̮ӡһ뵽Щδռʮ㷵¶ҶһʹϧǰҪĻ
ͨڷӿҶٶʩչķ˸򼲳ȥ
¡
ҵıţͷǷŭ𣺡˴ˣ˫
ҶͷҲһأ·׹䡣
Ϊ߿û޷ʩչһ죬Ҳֻ䡣
С磬Ǵôߵȥ᲻ˤأҶ죬Щ
ģǻᰲȫӳȥġҶᶨ˵
ܾϣʮã֪ΪΣԷⷬȴ쳣̤ʵо˰ȫûٺ£۾ƽҶ컳һƺҲη塣
֮Ȼһգ䵽滹ʮ׵ʱҶϽյķԪܵĻΧе䡣
ھ׸ߴסơ
ݳɣҶһŻԪǰ񱼶ȥ
˫ҵ˫Ҫɱǣ
ͷںԶԶ쫷磬ٶȿó棬Ƭ̣׷֮ڡ
ƲҶʩչײ̶ݳף󷽵ķͷ롣
ͷܿ׷ΣҶֻܼʩչײӶݡ
˫һǰһ󣬺Զչ
һʩչαײҶԪѼݽߣɺǷͷȴ׷ᡣ
Σʱ̣Ҷ췢ֲǰԶһӣһתȥ
ڷͷ׷ʮԶʱҶܵ˺ӱߣ˼
Ͽ֮䣬ʮֻҪ㵽ӵҲͿԶǷͷ׷ɱˡ
ҶͱѸӵ׳ȥ
ܿ죬˲ǷͷҪһ㣬쫷ںһʮ׸ߵˮˮһ˲䱻˴룬ҶǱÿ죬ҪȻ类ǹ쫷ˡ
쫷ϮҶӵǱȥǱײͣǰȥ
ϵķͷͣʹ֮£ǵˮԽԽ󣬿Ҫˮһ㡣
ԽԽĺˮߣӵ׵ˮҲǿ¿ʼҶǰ˾޴ȥñ쫷ߡ
Ȼν³˫³ɶԣҶĴԭѾʮΣɾ鼱֮ʣΣȻ١
Ҷ죬ָָ󷽡
ҶʶΣգϾͷֻǴҴɢһ̽ͷʱһˮȻõһ
󷽾ȻһӫӫâľŤӿҶȻϵôޣǶʥ޾ѸͷҲ֪ڶ쫷磬׷ɱҶˡ
ǳʲôĿģҶ֪ǣڶ쫷磬Ҳѱ·ʱ򲻻
³ƴǰ֮⣬ҶҲֻܵŴ۾Ǿ˶
ûã׷ƨɺͷȻûдߵʳһţֱҧ
ƽʱҶȫɶԸֻʥޣǰӣ˵ǺֻɱǺ󷽵쫷ѾڵùǺˡ
ھҧ֮ʣҶ켱ǣ뵽һðյơ
ǵûжܾҧԼͻͽ˾ͬʱԪܡ
ôҲֻֻ쫷Ϯ
Ȼῼ̫࣬һ㽫˸ȥ
˳žʳﻬȥ;ҶȻȡ׵˾ʳϣֹʵơ
ʹֽһҶֻоһץס׵ĵֹӱŲʳȥ
һӣƽҶŰ
ɢɫâСʳҲһƬĵɫʣѤޱȡ
ҶȥĿӣߣƬ̣һ죬ɬŲĿ⣬ԴҶ컳


548 
΢΢ףҶ͵͵һۣ㿴ԼָϽԴߴʵС磬ôأ
ٺ٣Ȼ㳤úÿ£ҶЦŴ
Ҷôһ˵ˣһ̬ټʪģǸճԡĽƵģҶ춼Щѳֲסˡ
С磬ҵ𣿡תƻʵ
ҲǰɡҶڻش
лл㣬ҪҶ֪ôˡм
ǿʥ޵Ķлһ֮ɡҶЦѵ
ʥޣѵ߾ʥ𣿡
ǰһֻʥ޾ҪǸղǱ̽θĻڿ¾ѾΪѪˮˡҶ˵
ôأѵҪһֱ𣿡
һӰɣԶǷͷ׷ɱֻĶ޷ɢȥȻҲ̽ⲻ
ŶӦһֺʵǸղǸͷжأ
Ҳ쾳ΪɡҶ첻Ǻܿ϶˵ʵɵĻͷȻɲݷɣͷǷϵΪ׶ΨӵӦܲ
ߣ쾳Ծĵ۾Ȼ̶ֳȵǿѾԶԶԽĳܷΧ
һֻǱعơҶ첹
ЩתûԼ쾳ǿߣûϵԼȻ쾳ǿ
С磬㣬ǵؾΪ𣿡ɵʵȻûʲô飬Ҳ֪쾳ؾ֮ʵࡣɲõؾʿܴ쾳ǿѣοǴһ롣
ڻǱˣϽ·ɰɣҪȻҪҿˡҶ첻ĿǰЦѵ
ͷһʱߵͨ죬Ͻֵǰ㣬ô͵ҵ
Ҷüͷ˵ײôƯŮˣҪǲû࿴ۣԺɾûˡ
㣡üͷŭҶ췭˷ۡ
ٺ٣㿪ЦģʵʲôҲûҶһ˵
ƭˣҲŲʲôҲûҶ췭ۡ
ģҾͿͷѡҶ˵
ͷʲôͷأƺͷĸ̫⡣
νͷأԲĹĵģװֵģĳλƵġҶ͵
Դ룬۾һɣѵǣû˵꣬ѸһƬΡ
Ҷͷ˵ӦþǸˡ
Ȼ˵ô֪߳ܵĻߵú޲Ҹȥ
ҶЦҲʵʵ˵˭Բִ󣬳ôͷ
㻹˵
úãҲ˵ˣҪٲϽ·ɣҿֵô۸ˡҶĿֲʵǰȥ
Ͻ˫ֽǰڵʵʵﻹֹáǸ󻵵
ҪǴ󻵵ĻͰǸɶˡҶ˵ʵڻǸɶ˶Ů˵İѳдǿ
ĸɶأʵ
Ǹɶ£飬Ҷ컹治˼ԡ
ĸɶأ
Ĳ֪ҶЩɡ
֪һߺߵ
֪ǾˡҶҲøѴ࣬ʡʶ
У˵ˡԭľǿڱθڣȻͲװˡ
Ů֮ҶЩͷ
Ů֮ʲôأ׷ʵ
Ů֮仹ʲô££Ҷ첹
ϣԴ룬ʵ˯𣿡
˯֮ĻҶ˵
ϳ˯ʲôأǲס
ҶЩѵ㸸ĸûн̹֪ʶ𣿡
ҳʱȥˣǸһִġ͵
㻹ûѧǷ֪ʶҶ˵ţȴһЩͷ
˵ʲôأķ֪ʶأ켱е
ͱ硣Ҷѵˮһ¡
ιأɻʵƺǺ治ⷽ¡
Ҷ͵֣͵ոңڽ
ңҲòҰҵ˵ŮܲףŮӵǲкӿġɫ˵
ô˵Ӧ÷ſˣҶʵ
⣬ôأſңҲҪȥˡ
Լ˵Ůܲ׵ġҶʼ
˷ۣߺ졣
ȻˣҲûʲô󰭰ɡҶ컵Ц˵
ûپ⣬˿Ҷ죬˫ʵС磬ҿɲԿأ
ѾͷͻȻ˵£ҶЩƣҵʲôÿġ
ҾǺ˵
ĺèովΪ棬ŻᱻͣԺɵðҶ׻׻ֲ̻ʵŮˣΪȡľǺġ
Ŷ͸Ƶġ
˶û˵ƺЩˣûãȻҶ컳˯ˣǼ΢΢Ҷûд˯Σֽס
ھĶʱ
ʱ࣬ҶҡҡӣлСѣǸ뿪ˡ
Ժ۾˵ô˯ء
̫˰ɡҶ˵
ܿѹʵС磬Ҫôȥأ
ȻǽƶˡҶش
һֻʥޣƤһʮּʵƵÿ𣿡ɵ
ӦûһЩ㱧ҡҶԸ
ŶӦһҶ컷
Ҷ˫סֱעԪ
ɲ֮䣬ױ䣬ʹֽ
Ƭ֮󣬡¡һԾ׵ը죬ϱըһСĿˮӿ˽
ҶϽ˳ȥ
ʹںֱײƬ֮Ұ֮ʧ
ҶɢԲ̽һ飬Σգȥ
ӶѾ֮ǰǰ˺ܿε˺档
Ȼɽ򣬲Ѿƽ̹࣬λɽԵش
ϰҶ쳤һȥһѽżǰǵԵΪԣҶ˿ĭѵϽ·ˡ
ŶӦһ·ɣȻҶʵС磬أ
Ҳ֪Ҷ컷ܣѾȫʧȥ˷С
ҵǻ᲻Σأǵ
ԭ·ǰûҵĻҶ˵
ǿôءò֪롣
Ҳǰ취ҿû˰ɡҶ׼Զһߴɽ˹ȥϡ
˸ɽ£ǰɽµԶԶ
С磬ǰڴܡ˵
ţ𶯣ҹȥҶ˵
ҪҲҪȥԵ
ǵǰ򶷵ص˵ؽԶѾͷһʵȫҶͷӦǺðɣҡ
ţĵĴӦ
Ȼ˱㱼ɽ£ǰȥ


549 ɷ
ھսԶʱҶѾþ̽⵽սϵʱڽսĹˣǣ˾Ȼ쾳ǿߡ
һҶͣ½Ų˵վһ˹ȥ
˵һȥ첻Ը
ǰλ쾳ǿڽսҪǲСǾܸǡҶ춪仰󣬱ϢǰǱȥ
ҪȥһҶղŵĻոĽŲ˻ٿҶѾԶֻöŽţߺáţ
ЩľԣҶ˳ǱеսʮԶĵطʱѾԿսϵƣҲûðռ
ϸ۲Է֣˾һλһ쾳ǿߺһλ쾳ǿߣ˫֮൱һʱҲֲʤ
ҶԾǣһһ쾳ǿ߾ȻֻǸʮС꣬ҲͿɼһˡ
Ҷʮж쾳Ϊд˳ɼȫǵڴ̾׾û׻ԪĸǰٶȣеؾΪͺܲˡ
ʱСʩչǾνʽһкǧֻгڽϵĻˮϵˮкտɫΣӿȵŶǴϯȥ
ͽĳһƣһƬƬڿм緭ڣûһֻһ޴Ѫɫͷ
Ҷһ۱㽫ʽ˳ϸǴ󺺵ıӰȻмϤδ׿϶Է֮ǰҶɲóȻ
Ѫɫͷܿǹײһɿ⶯°̰ͣһ㣬̰ԽԽ󣬶ͷȴԽԽС
󣬵ͷСԴСʱ˸飬ͷλмֲϮȥ
ֻһȭδݻ٣Ȼ̾Ǻηʵʱǻˡ
ҶҲԿ϶Լλݴɷ
ɷ˵ʱԽ쾳ǰһ쾳ΪҲͲΪˡ
Ҷûϵɷڽ磬ҳڴ˵أȻܹڴλ磬Ȼϲòѡ
֪ûдӾλСáһ뵽ɷǸСõִţҶ̲סЦ
ѾȷԷݣҶȻûмĿǰѾ˲ٴٵĳҺ񶾽һĴ·ɾԽˡԣ򲻵ԣǣЩ֮С
ϻ˵ʲô¾͸Ͻʹɣֻͣȥˡ˵
ÿСӣϹȻոս쾳ҪԸëСҲǴ´ˡɷǺţô˵ܲһСꡣ
Ǿʩչʽɡ곤һ˦Ȼ֮ˮơ
ˮɷüͷȻȻ֪һ׾ѧո̤쾳״̬ҪԸ쾳Щǿ
ʶǲСϵûõģͿܲܽӵˡ꿴ƶԼʽ൱š
ɷٳɣϽɷɷʩչŸող쾳δ쾳ʽҲֻʩչؾڵʽ
ŨܵĺɫڹɷڶԷ𹥻֮ǰܵͼɷȡܾԷо
棬Ͻ϶տɫˮЩˮӿȣ죬ǺĴڰһ㡣
ãľ׼ϣг赭дǰһӣȣˮ仨
ֻϼ˻ǰĹɷӿȥЩ˻Ǻϱڵĺˣһһ·Ҫ;еһи
˻ϮͬʱɷдȣɷƣͬʱǰĴɲ֮䣬ЩѪɫɷƶɷһֻѪɫľ޴ƺݺǰϮ˻ȥ
أ
ƺ˻ڰ;ײӵ˷ЩȴֵľֱӱƷʮ׿ҶҲ㱻ƵóԪܡ
ײάƬ̣ɷɷƺܿͱԷӿȵ˻ûݻپ֮˻ɷϮȥ
ǵصĹֱйɷʤ󣬹ɷǲɷ۶ɵķҲݻ٣˽ɷƵһ˺ü
ûȹɷվȽŸ־ٽ˴̶
ɷĳһƣһСɷӭϮȥ
꽫ĽǰһͣɷУѸٽ𽣻ɱ㽫ɷݻ٣ţּɷȥ
ɷһŽ֮ͫзŴ
ڽ⼴üͷɲǣݡһԶ𣬽ţǰĽᡱһƫ
룬ɷϽû롣
û׷ս֮ǰϮķȥȻˣǾͱٶزصˡ
Ҷӹľ˳ȥ˿̣ǲЩδ֪ȴҲɼ
ʲôˣʵ
Ҷûֱ꣬ɷʺ磬
ɷԭ;ǰЩϤƺʱ۾һϲʵǶܣ
ǡҶЦ
ɷߵҶǰҶһ첲Цܣû̫ˣϴҷ´Ҳ˵ˣһֱİΣء
ǺǣôˡҶЦ֪ɷǸʲô˵ʲôˣ˵ҲЩʵĻһ磬ο
ߣҪɣȵܵظɡһӽҶϮȥ
ҶѸٳһԪܡ
ᣡ
ĽԪϣƱӲ
쾳ǿߣԳԾȻҲǾ̾Ҷᡣ
ʱɷѻȭȥ
ƲϽսˣһ˳ʮ׺ϵһһ߽սӽкϽ
ĽкҲûսгˡ
Ҷ첢δ׷Ϊʩչκʽпܱ¶ԼݡֻйɷһڳĻῼǽԸӵڣλڳɾͲһˡ
ɷλҲû׷ȥ
ܣû뵽Ҳ̤쾳ˡɷ̾
˴統͵ԪɲݡҶм
ǺǣˡɷˬЦ
ʱǻʵɷλСֵʲôأ
壬ҳἰλҽݽĶܡɷ򻨷߽ܵҶܵܣλɷɷɷ
ԭҶ׵
ǺǣʲôȻǹɷİݰֵܣҲǡɷ͵Ц
嶼ô˵ˣҲͲټˡҶЦɷ͹ɷһˬ죬ԸҶ൱ʶ


550 
ȻǰɷɷǴ֮ˣҶɲɷﾡǺˣϴũؾУһѪɷõѪǼһ;Բʲôö
ܣôأѵҲȥַѰģɷʵ
ҪȥַȥѰֻҪ·˵֮ǰһǿĵˣ;·ˡҶʵش
ˣܣ˵ĵģһȥˡɷ˵
ǺǣѾҸ˦ˡҶЦǸµķͷ׷ǼǰĹɷɷҲŰ
ˣܣȻҲҪȥַǾ͸һ߰ɡɷ
Ѿֲ嶫ˣҲֻܸŴˡҶӦ
˵ţĽлͷȥѾͷԶԶ˹
ܵǰҶؿ˵ǶԸӻûߵĻѾͷܹɾΣˡ
˭ôҲ˵Ҳߴͣ˲Źġ
ܣλˣɷЦʵ
Ҷæҡͷ͵ҲʶģСˡ
С磬ʲôأ㵽ҶСʵΪɷ͹ɷӶȽϴҰԣЩ¡
£ԼˣйɷҵĽݴ磬λɷˡҶܵ
СϹȻȽˣȴǺġɷЦ
Ҳٺˣҵ˵߳࣬īߺڣȻСѣӦöǻˡ
Ҷ캹ա
Ƭ̺Ҷɷ͹ɷַǰ
·ϣҶɷʵ磬֮ǰǶԸʲôأ
ҵˡɷش
ңҶüͷʱԼеĿĵңµˣɲʲôͷ
ǰɷˮݣղԩ·խСײˣԾʹˡɷһ͵
ԭҶ˵ʣ磬üλСÿɱˣ
ˣϴγŶüʦŵʱ͵͵ǱüãۿҪСܵˣǾͻȻɱ˳͵ɷʴף㶪ɷźյ˵
ҶǺһЦʵôڽأòǷС˰ɣ
ɷѵһϡʣ谭Ϲġɷᶨ˵
Ҷʵôڽأ
λΪ֮£鴦֮ٻȥصؽΪ쾳ҵҪǾỹҺΡɷ߷˵
磬쾳ǿߵжƵģǧСЩҶѵ
ˣǻȥˣǾʵ̫ˡɷŭյӣҲھͷɳ˲ٵĿ
ҶҡͷǺһЦ
ɷתƻ˵˶ܣ˵ЩæҸˡ
ˣʲôأҶɻʵ
˵ʮǰʢһӨŮӡΪм£ûüһҴȥ֪һ߾һꡣһص磬ȥʱȴѾ뿪ԭȵסھ˵һ˺ӣǣҵѰңʮȴûһϢɷŰ˺Ρ
ô˵µĺӦǴģҶʵ
ɷ˵ͷ϶˵ǸŮӣԲܺºӵġ
ʮȥˣ˵òҲкܴ仯ˣҪ²̫ף㻹ûϢأҶʵ
ɷ룬۾һ˵ˣӦаԧ塣˵ţӴȡ壬Ҷȥ
Ҷӹ忴˿Īľм죬ϸһȴûаͷ
ɷ˵ǿԭһģǱҰ룬Ϊమ
Ҷ˵ͷݻɷ˵Ҷʱڿ²磬ȥˣ˵ҵĹϵһȫѰҵġ
ɷӹ壬ӦС
磬Ҳ̫ˣŴɩӶƽµġҶο
ǰҲһšɷŵ
ַͣȥһ·ϻˣضǰַͱġ
ͬʱһ࣬һʺɫ۵ŮӣһòŮӿ첽ַȥҶպͳ̱
Ҷս㣬Ҫûأ̱ʵ
Զˣٷɽ͵ˡҶջش
̱һ߸ҶǰȥһãȻĹˣ˲
Ҷս㣬Ŀһؼ𣿡ʵ
ʱû䣬һԻԺЩġҶȻ˵̱һָ˼䣬ǺܾܿͻĿɳ𡣵ˣҲôΪ֪ʧȥǼʮ̵ֲ£Ŀų̱֪Ĺһӡ
ǣҺ¡̱Եûֲ̿
£ᱣģ㲻ܵκ˺ֻҪʱ㻹ԸܽıҶ΢΢ЦţοЦ֮ȴһ˿ɬ
ţ̱˵ͷ
߰ɡҶų̱ǰȥ
С磬߲ˡɥƣ˵ֻеؾΪȻ쾳ǿߡ
磬ַжԶأҶɷʵ
Զˣٷɽ͵ˣܣҪǾϢһɡɷ˵
ɫҴҵӣҶҲ˼ǵг̣ҡͷˡȻ˵Ҫұ߰ɡ
ţͷţܿĵӡ
ҶֱƵĸоҲûѾͷƽϣת˵ɡ
ϲõ˵Ҷ챳ϡ
Ҷ챳ڹɷɷĺͷ
°ͿҶϣЦʵС磬زأ
ҪصöࡣҶڻش
𣿿ôߵôأɵ
ҹױȽ񣬾ǿͷҲܽɡҶ˵
ô˵Ȼûҵǿ׳ͦ޵
Ҷ
ʵС磬ȵַҵҵ֮ǲǾҪأ
ţҶ
ԺǲҲأ
Ӧǰɡ
ѵͲܸһ𣿡ԵЩᡣ
һԼءҶ˵
ȥʦ𣿡
ţ
ҪȸһַѰȻٸһȥʦá
Ҷ󺹣Ѱǵıҵʦãȫ£Ҫһأ
ӵҵʦú󣬾ͿԸһȥ˵
ʲôʱ˵ҪһȥˡҶ񺹲ѡ


551 
һȥ˵
ȥʲôҶɻ
ȥҼͰش
ҰɽˮȥͣҳԱ˳ŰҶƵ
ĵطҿԴȥɽ񵰣ȥ㡣ˣǼҸһźܸߺܸߵĴԿúԶԶʱϻͮͮĹʵأɺóˡջ
Ҷ쳹Уڿɲ죬˵ЩСӵֻҿûȤ
ʲôȤأѵϴǸϵĻҪϲȥҿ氡ٶҲûϵġ˵
ҶÿЦãȻǵȷҵȤãһбҪҪԾͲˡ
㵽׻ʲô첻ĵ
ҵ¿ɶˣ£֪档Ҷ˵
˭˵ûÿ춼ܾء˵С磬Ҫ֮ҼͰɡ
ǵҰ˵ɡҶڷܵ
ô˵ǿ϶Ͳˡ
ôȥأҶ
ΪΪǻ֮͵
֮ˣ㿴˳ǰˡҶֱ׵˵
ôҶ˵˺üˣҶҪǣȣΪҪһߣΣҪһǿ׳ҪһӢ㣬һ㶼ûдأôܻᰮ粵
ҶҡͷЦҿѹͲʲôǰΪҶ·𣿿ųľ¡
Ųأҵͽ̹ˡ
˵һʲôоأҶЦʵ
ҵ˵ˣǸˣҵĻᡮء÷ɿʱǾ˵Ұһػش
Ҷֻ̿һɣְɲ˭ϵġ
˵úܶӣ˵˵һʲôоأ
򵥵˵ɣֿʱ᣻ߵʱʱʱ̶̿ʱܿĺ˷ܣһʱоůܰȫֱ۵һ㣬㿴ŮһʱģǾ˵ѾˡҶ˵
𣿡˼
Ǹʵɽ£ӭϮվɽǰ۵һƬƽ̹ɽȡ
ɽ֮һƬǼש߱ɢ䣬ԫϱȻһƬ档
ģյĻԻͣʱǨԻţֻЩϲеʯִվϦ¡һм˵ıӢۣյĹٳ˳Ūԩں
Ƭ̣̱˳ɽɽȥ
罫һͷҷ裬·ϣ롱졣
ǰƬɽѾû粻֪ӺζҲ֪ȥδǻɽ֮Уûй޵ԩꡣ
ʱɽѾۼ˲ǰͱʿЩؾʿ޷ɽģֻɽΧ쾳ʿԪܣðɽ̽ǲ;ԪܱѺľֻñ˻ء
̱ܿɽ£ſ磬ɽȥ
ƣҶæ׷ǰһԪܣУ˵ãշҪǸٹɡ
̱ҡҡͷǰȥҶҲֻܽϡ
ƬƬɢڻĲ֮䣬ԫϱڱûͯĻȫڷµֻһ˿һƻĺۼ
ǽϻƾɵľľڿ֮һһأ硱죬ΪƬķ˼ֶ
һ̣ҶճԪѱĥ˴
ҶսǵѵãǸϽȥɣЩмǿķϵһԪܱݻ٣ǵ̼ͻᱻġ
Ǻᣬů˵Ļһ㡣̱˵ţԪܡ
ֻЩۿɼĿ磬Ȼϣ۳ɱһ
⣬ѵǡҶ㶵ؿųֻ̱Ƶƣﾡ𾪵顣
ֱ̱߳Ԫܣȥ֯һɴ¡
Ƭ̣ҶջعԪܼţϽˡ
ʱۼڷΧĲʿҲ˷һĻ
쿴Ǹ˾Ȼڿǰ
ûɣֻǸʿôġ
ѵҵ˼ı
ԽԽע⵽ǰĳ̱һ˫˫Ծֱ̰֮ɫĿ⣬ˢˢĻڳ̱ϣǼӣ޲ó֮Уȥᱦ
̱Щḧ̤ƬİϤأ׽һɢĴļ䣬֪ˮѾģ˫ۡ
ԭҶǴɷɷǰַߵ;ʱȴǳ
ĴͻȻ˷Ӧ
æȡ˳
ȡ磬Ҷʱܣô˵
ҲƲƲ죬˵űųǰ׽ʹ÷ע
ţܿǼС𣿡
Ҳ˷ܣæصСء
Сأû°ɣ㵣ǵʵ
ûأСѾӳˡش
˿˵û¾ͺã֮ǰ㴫һֱϵϣɰǸˡ
֮ǰɽʱɽƵĸӳ뾪УֱʹôȻϵˡ
С㣬Ƕ𣿡ʵ
Ƕû£׷ȥˣҲ֪Ρ˵
Ǹô찡鴫ҵģϵˡ
С̫ˣ쾳ǿߣµģءʵ
Ҳأʵ
ַ棬ַԶһɽش
ǹǺˡ˵
ǹǰɣдʿӿַ˵Ϊ߶ʵ̫Σˡ˵
Ҷӹ˵ٶȿ죬ǹǰɣǴԭؾˡ˵дǿӿַ֮û쾳ǿߣжʮΣյġ
Ҷٶۼʶģ쾳ǿϮҪҲ⣬ҲڴӦǺðɣСĵ㡣
ͨҶɷ˷Ȼʹȥ
Źɷָʾķһ·񱼣·ǰַͱʿȻҲٲһЩɱ˶ᱦĽţҶûǾֱʩչײ
ͣرʮչɷķϲôԶʱ򣬾ӦþѾܽˡ


552 
Ҷûټǰڸߵɽ£ʵɽȡϵ㣬ɾʱǰһ
ƺ벻ԶӣҶɢǰһɨǰԶڻƴˡ㡢޻޻ԣΧһλ쾳ߣӾǶ쾳ռϷ硣
С磬ǰڴ򶷡˵һ·սѲҲǼֲˡ
ǡҶ֮
ǸϽȥǰɡ
Ҷ첻ٷϻϽ˵սȥ
˵ִսʱ֮Χͷ˫ڶ״̬
ӣкһѸٴҶ챳£ȡһҪǰȥ֧ԮȴҶһס
Ȼûϵ˻ʱ֣㼱æСǸϽߡ
С㣬Ҫǡ˵ţֻͷ첲ҶµС磬ſңҪȥСǡ
ͷǶ쾳ǿߣȥҲֻҶ쵭Ȼѵ
Ҷ˵Ƕ쾳֣Ĵ۾ʱɵùԲ
ֵܣϽСߡ޻Խشߴٵ
ҪҪһߣܾ
ٺ٣ȻˣǾͱˣ¸ϷԶɡͷЦ⡣
ⷬӦһޣ׽ˣҪȻΪҪɱλؾԲʿֱ練ơ
ͷⷬ˲ԼͬҶǰ
Ͽߣ
ߣƾҲ뵲Ϸ·ֱͷһߣͽȻɫЩһľϵľϵǳΪɫ
æͷȥ
ͷһ˦ֱϮȥ;лûΪɫƿ硣
û˹£Ѿסǵֱֻۡ
ƷͷĿһת˺󷽵ȥЦ⣬ϷϲϸƤСˣٺٺ١ԱϣӰһƹˣ˶ȥ
ֻͷϮ
ͷʱ仨ʧɫ
ۿͷĶצҪץΣʱ̣Ҷ콫͵һͬʱԼ˳ƻȭͷĶצӭȥ
ͷȫûҶһȭȻ޷ԷΪǶԷòɾˣ˵ԷһȭͲκ
ܿ죬һȭһצڰײ
أ
ײᣬͨȭƽһ㡣
Ȼͷȴܵ޴Ƶģƺһһʮಽ
վȽŸǡۡһһѪȻ𾪵ضǰҶ졣
һĻĿ࣬޷ţ޷⣬Ҷƽʵ޻һȭȻһλ쾳ǿߴѪ
ȻҶһȭƼ򵥣Բͨȭͷͷײɲǣȭͷָö롣öײɲͷڣһȦȻöܿ챻ڵԪ⣬Ǹ˲Сˡ
˵ͷҲ̫˰ɣôͨͨһȭͰѪˡҶ٩
ͷɫأҶ촭˼ڴ󣬾ʵ㣬쾳ǿߣ
ʲô쾳ǿߣֻǸûΪͨ˰ˡҶЦ
ߣװģղ㰵дϷڵԪͷߵ
ô֪òҰɣҶЦ
ͷ۾һУ˵ǾϷ̽һ̽㵽жı¡˵ţȡһɫľӡȻƽľӣһµľϵ
Ԫע룬ľȼɫ档
ȻԷҶҲȡǱúڲŵľ׵עԪ󣬹סĺڲ˲䱻׽ʵ÷飬׵ֳԭΡ
˳ɽ֮УȻ֪ҶЩ¼ԶҶ׵ĹֵеֻǾ̾
ͷȴһϳ˴˵¶ɫѿھǣ㣡
ңȻѾϳˣǾȥɡҶħЦԱϣӰĴԭʧͷӦͷǰΣ״ŵľ׵ݺͷͷȥ
ͷæҵسԪܡ
䣡
׵ԪϣŰɫâ˲䲼ԪܣԪҲâ簵󼸽͸
ͷֵҶ롣
һĻһĿɿڴһǵؾʿ𣿴ʱ˿̣ǾٱҲò³һǸ쾳ǿߣʵƺҪǶ쾳ͷ֮ϡֻ޷ţһᣬȻӵȿֲΪ
ϳҶݵһ̣ͷѾȫʧȥս⣬ΪϼʶҶʵ֪˼ֱħҪֲ
û˿ɣͷʮ𼱵صͷܣȻǲӵóҶġ
ͷոձʮףҶƹһǰ׵ٴͷ䡣
ƽ̬ӦսͷҶϼغϣϳҶݵʱѾսˡ
䣡
ʣԪܱ׻׵ͷԴϣ£ͷȻѿϵֲ˹
ɱͷҶƽȡһڲµľ׵
˿ȥǶһƱɵˡ
˵ҲǣһĻǵʵ̫ǲţǰӵŶ쾳ΪͷȻ޻ֵء
Ҷߵǰ
һعʵС磬ͷأ
ҶĨ˰Ѻ˯𣿡
üͷԴŬƬ̣һƯĴ۾ؿҶ죬˰ҲûӦ
ҶЩ
ʱѾعǰɫԵ쳣ӡ
ֵܣŶǰû뵽㾹Ȼ쾳ǿߡ޻̾ǵڣﻹ¶ֲŵ顣
޻Զû˵ɫԵЩнȻҶΪǴ˲Сѹ
Ҳûʲô⣬ֻڶܳ׷ɱѡҶ˵
ѹǰҪߡ׵
޻æ֤ǰģһй¶ٵġǸ֮ˣ֪ղͷϳ˶ԷݣԲɱ֮
ʱһ㣬һعʵС磬㣬㣬쾳ǿߣ
С񡣡޻ԸϽѵлλµǿƵġ
죬Сֹô˵С͵һ쾳ǿߣΪѾˡȻûеôǿ׳ƺҲͦģһҲǿˡȻѾ꣬ò꣬ӦҲûʲô󰭡˵͵͵Ҷ쿴ȥҶһӡ


553 ᱦ
ǰҪȥַ𣿡޻Թʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǵȥһ
ǿԸһҲСӦûǰַǻϡ޻Բ²
ȻҲ֪λãҪǴ·ءҶ˵
Ǿ̫ˣǰڣ·ҲͰȫˡĵڳǰǿûϵлΣء
С磬ǿ߰ɡţ»ǵҶ֡󵨵оɽ޻˿˰ѺٿԷƺûӣ˿
ǣһ˱ַ
һ·ϣһΪҶ쾳Ϊенͺƽʱһ룬ʢ֡
С磬ĳҺ𣿡ʵ
ǰǳҶڻش
ѵ㻹𣿡ʡ
ǵȻҪȻҸﻹҪӡҶƵ
쾳ǿѽ㻹ǿҪˡ̾
ҶͷߣϴǸͷͱ
˵Ҳǡ˵ͷȻʣС磬ôôأ
ڽɼʱ򣬾ûǣҲģǸͷе𣿡Ҷ
ŶҪȥأҪҵʦú󣬶Ҽȥɣεģ֤ĳһӶҲ
ҶĨһ𣿡
ĺˣо֮ҵһͬġ϶˵
һûͬءҶ캹¡
ҼԶܳ׷ɱﲻͬأʵ
ҪһӣԸɱ˵ˡҶ˵
Ϊʲôأüʵ
ӺɷôͷڹءҶ찺ͦ˵
ҵ˵ɷ졣
Ҷ첻Ϲڰֵˣ˵ʲôҶȥġ
Ϊʲôأ
ôΪʲô
ǰһжôϤֻ⸱ĿףǣЩԫϱȻڼҵ֮ӦĻ棬ʱϷ
Щĵ׵ļȪˮһӿ˼ˮʡ˵ģϲõģҸģָĻһ򷭵ζƿһ㡣
ŷһȦص㣬̱쳣ӡյļ԰ΪһƬ棬յҸʹ䣬յĽȴԼˣһпЦֿɺ޵ʵһͷʮɱĥļǿ־ʯһ᲻ɴݡ
ҶҪǰǿ̱Ǳ飬һ֪ԼѾǶԷеĽãյѱȡ
̱ƹҶȥƣ
̱ɽгΧЩʿǶǻضǾǶŻĶһ㡣
ܿ죬ŵձͽһʿƣȲ̱˳ȥҪᱦ
һ˴ͷΧЩʿȿֺΧȥһʰ
̱ɱ⣬ĿһɨһӣɽеĿƺʹһ㣬Щ̰ʿϮȥ
һʱ֮ҽ˷֮ȷѪꡣ
µһĻú󷽳ʿǾֹǱصĲ֫⣬Ѫ꣬Ҳû˸
ȻǿȴǱЩ쾳ǿ죬Ƕó̱һǵõʲôͨ챦ҪȻΪôܲٿɿ硣
ܿ죬һλ쾳ߵס˳̱ȥ·
㲻ֳһɫ󵶣ֱָ̱
ƣҶȥ˳̱ǰָһذףɱֶеɱ䶢ǰߣ˵ûҪıϽ
΢΢һͣƺǱҶϵƸסˣûбˣܿ컺ȵһǣϷ·Աϣһ˦ֱҶնȥ
Ҷն˵ֱӭߣ۽սȻռžԵơ
ߺҶտ֮ʱλһ쾳ʿû̱
̱ҿʱλһ쾳ʿϮȥ
֪ûҴ⣬׷׳Ԫȫֵ
յλһ쾳ʿȴһλ쾳ͷ̲ס
̱ͬһ糯ȥ
ͷԪܣѸıעԪԪȻɢĺɺӿӭ硣
ײδ˿죬Щֱ֮УʱǱһ㺮˪һ㣬תٺǰٶȽóٻ
ƷͷѸƹ̱
̱üͷһ壬̽ǰһץХ۳һҰɫķ罣
ͷܿ嵽˳̱ǰıɭḻ́ȥ
̱з罣ǰ
䣡
ҵײ£̱ٵɳȥеķ罣ɢСЩиź˪˷ϽһЩͽʿǱЩд̴壬ұܿеʿæɢ
̱׺󱻿ס壬նһͷ裬еķ
ɽоۼǿķϵԳ̱ĿǰΪ޷ȫҪȻڳʿһҲδ֡
ͷ̰ɫֳ̱ѣҪöԷϵı
˴ԪͷеıͽȻչʮףϺ񣬾ΧЩƺˡ
ԷɢĿ̱æɿ磬ЩǰתۣγһԲСĻҰɫзܡ
ʱͷʽѾ׼ɣľ޴£ڵų̱Ϯȥ
̼ڳ̱ϵķϡ
䣡
쳹أɽȶΪ֮
ǿ񱩵ķ絶һ˷ɨϱγǳǳĻۣЩͽʿԶԶ˿ڿµñЩķиʳˡ
Ȼܵס˱̱ǲɱñǿײ÷ʮףǿѹؿǹɷڵѪĿȻʯ
ʱһЩϸĵѾɽһЩ䡣
ûиоɽķƺСˡ
ȷʵˣѾ֮ǰǰˣѵǱĵˣ
ֻѣɽͣǳ¡
ʿ̸۵ͬʱɽĿ罥ͣ
̱Ȼǵһʱһ㣬ӻӿ£֮ʱɽĿѳͣЪָƽ
žƬ̣ͷһʱ䷴ӦѸ̱ȥ
ʶ̱ߵΣҶæ˦ǰĶߣλһӰʮ𼱵ͷ׷ȥ
ϮĹƣͷҲֻܱסƣתӽӭҶյĹ


554 ɱ
ͷҶղס֮ʣͽһһ쾳Ϊû̱ˮ㡣
ʧȥ˿ĸ̱ҲֻǸͨʿһ쾳ǿߵĹƣû˿м֮
̱ǱߵΣҶյһҲ˲ǰͷæ̱ӳȥһǽ󱳱¶ͷ¡
䣡
ͷûӽҶձԪϡ
ᣡ
Ԫ֧ܽƬ̱㱻飬ںĳϮ£Ҷǰ˳ȥȻδ̫صˣȴʧӪȳ̱ʱֻܵ۾ӳ嵽̱ǰӽų̱ȥ
Ȼǧһ֮䣬ͷϹĳһ״ŵɫ
ĳգ¡һȻѡ
ɽȰһ˫˫Ŀˢˢػƾճֵϣв˵һʱϳ꣬ȷе˵Ӧϳϵ
̱Ҳؿǰ꣬ƺмϤ
ҶôҲû뵽ϳ̱ܹ̱ﻹʮֿĵġ
̧ժϵߣ΢΢ƽЦҡ
̱ˮ̲סӿ˵Ҫ˽˵ĻȴЩӲ
ܸܹټ㡣Ҷǰ§뻳һʧõĸоŮˣ᲻ɿʧȥ
̱Ҷ컳չ˫ֽҶʧȥ˼԰ʧȥˣʧȥУʧȥǰΨһĻţ뿪ıˣ¶ıˣָ޾ıˣ·ҪůĻ߳
ԶԶһĻ˱ǸŮˣĪЩˡ
̧֣ؿڵѣüͷૣС磬Ϊʲôĸо
ΧЩʿǿû鿴ɣǸͷ׵ĻӽҶȥ
Ҷ콫̱󣬻׵ӭͷı
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Ҷһʱ뵽ʩչײ̱룬ǿǵֻ̱ΪܲסײǿԴ˼Ҳвͨˡ
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Ҷǭ¿֮ʣɷɷ˼ʱǰ֧ԮҶҲ˹
ܣλǵ˰ɣɷҶǰЦǺǵʵǰΣƵûס
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ŮͷҲأȥǸССŮȴǻͷͷ˸
٣Ů˻湻ˡҶ쿴˿ɴɴڱǰţˮ϶Ǵںپӹģζų־ãҾȻɢŵ
˵תͷ￴ȥŮӰѾʧȺҶ̾˿ɴս䣬Ȼյȥ


558 ׳
׳ǲΪس֮һķ̶䲻ǣǱͿּĳҪࡣ
߽űһֵϢ඼ʿҪУȻǿߵľۼأż쾳ǿߡ
Լ׷ɱҶԵֵ͵·ҲҰͷ̧̫ߣⱻĸۼļһϳ
ʱ緹ʱ䣬·ЩƮ㣬Ҷʳܿ챻
ȥҵ¿ɵôӳ飬Ҹ˵ɡҶͣ½Ųһɨܿ쿴ǰһҿȽϵεķݣǺԥ˹ȥ
͹롣ſ͵СֵĽҶ
൱𣬿ѾˣЩʳǸ̸һ־
Сûλ˰ɡҶɨһۣȷʵѾϯ
С￴һȦܿһλϵλ͹վѾԺãæ͹٣ǽոڳһλãҪǰɣСϸȥʰʰ
Ҷ˳Сָķȥǿ뿪λӣֱַϣϤˣ֮ǰڳſڵϷǸŮӺǸССŮ
ԩ·խҶૣͬʱаЦ˵Ǹλðɡ
ϣС͸ʰȥС˵ű첽ǿȥϵʰ
ҶƵ˹ȥŮԣĴкӴǻԵȻָײˡ
ŮתͷһҶ죬ϵʱŭɫһߣĵҿǸǹİɣֻĲӬ˵̽һöǩһ˦
ᣡ
ǩ棬סһֻͷӬ
Ҷ˳ֻӬϵЦЩӲ
СС԰ɣ۸ϽߣЩӬθڡŮָɣ˵
Ҷ
ʱСѾϵʰɾҶл͹٣Ѿʰˣɡ
Ҷ˵ͷߵڿ
͹ٳԵʲôСһҶ쵹ϲˮһʵ
ЩƲ˰ɣһСҶ˵
ϣ͹Ⱥȱ裬С͸׼ȥС²תȥ
Ҷеغ
ϵССһ߳ţһ͵͵Ҷ쿴ȥ
͵˼ۺ̲סŮСʵʦ㣬Ǹ˸Ҫأ
ŮҶƳƳӴ˵˿ɫɫģЩ˳ޱȣҪǲǻ˵ģЩĳЩ˵Ŀ£Ա
Ҷæӻҿﳤûͦ۵ģѵɴʲô˵Ŀ£
㣡ŮŤͷҶۿȥһʱ֮䲻֪α⡣
ССȴָҶ˹֣һǸ˹֡
ǰҲǸ˹֣ǸרŹŮġҶ쿴ССЦ
ʦ㣬ʲôǹ򰡣ССŮʵ
ʦҲ֪԰ɡŮ˵ű㲻ٴҶ죬ԹԵĳ
ŶССӦһҶ˸Ȼš
˼ںʵʦ㣬ǳ극ȥأ
ȥҸطס°ɡŮӻش
ȻأССʡ
ȻͺúϢϢô·ʦɶۻˡŮ˵
費ҪСΪȫĦأ֤ˬƣһɢաҶԼ
Ů˰ۣûд
ССС죬˵ʦ㣬㲻˵Ҫȥ԰ۿ޵
ʦٴȥŮȰο
ǣҽȥССſӲŪ׷һ˵ӡ
ҪҪȥأҶջ
ŲҪССҶ췭ۡ
Ҷһջ԰кöϡŹֵŶ򼣬ĸͷʦ㻹Ĳʦĸ첲֡ٱܶ࣬жĽȵȣʤ
ʦ㡣ССƺҶ˵ĶˣץŮӵ
ҪǲԺʦͲˡŮӰ
ССͷӣ˵
ŮСԴοˣԷɣһʦʹȥ԰òá
ǺҲȥòãССʵ
ʦǾ͹ˣǵһȥףءŮ˵
ȥף٣Ҷ˼ʱСö˾Ʋˡ
һЩƲˣҶﻹ˼˼⣬ӴսҲûȥŮ̸
Ǹģһھưһڲ˰߬ǶͷǴײ˰
ҶԵ죬ͻȻſڳˣΪ׵һ׵꣬ӦĸɱڵӣѰġ
ƹۼúܣһ۱ˣϽӹ̨СܳЦһڵΪкӴⲻүʲôˡ
û£һѽƹƿĿ̽һɨ䶨ҶŮϡ
Ůӣһ˿һߣȵǣѱүôң㻹ôеԷ
ҶŮӿȥЦʵģ
Ǹ۸ʦġСС
Ҷ˵ͷѾ˴ţǼһﴩһ½ۣΪֻڣһǸֺеĸǼŮӳƯԾԼ֮ǰһóȻǰϷʵãûţȴǰ˶ٴ򡣴ҵӿ˵ɲôóԵģԵĻҪʵġˣŮӵüʱԵЩţΪ˶еؾڵΪκһܶԸ˵ġ
Ѿҡڵ˹Ůǰһӣĸӱ嵽Ů󣬽Χ
ֺһӣݵ
ºӴȡһﭵذףһ߰ţһ˵СǣСүݣСүǲҲҪݸأ
Ůûʧɫںޣڵǲţ޲ǱǿɶļһɴԼҲڻᱻǰƦٶϡ
ҪǸ۸ʦ㣬ʦǧеġССüͷв
ССȥ־ҺúѽǸôأҪͽɱˣʦҲͲ֪ɱˡ
󻵵ǻ⵽ӦġСС
ʲôӦأЦ
ġССһػش
Ц
ŮæССߣȻʵ
ͣЦŮӣĿ⽫´һаЦǰֻ·ѡ񣬵һźСүһֻҪСүźˣȻߡ
Ůŭ֮ɫȻܾ
üͷһ˵ĻҲֻеڶ·ˣСүﭵذ׹λƯС˻ذףЦ⡣
ذףŮɫţһ֪ӡ֪ԼǳֵĻֻӼŭԷ


559 
Ĵ˽ǶΪŮӸеͬ飬ȴû˸ҳͷ飬ǶѾ˾ռߣ㿴ߣҲֻǿšڽ磬ʵȫΨһϣûʵǾ͵öܱĵҪȻ﷭
ȻʵƽƽǴĴţŵĸؾʿӦĸ˼ҵĹӸ硣ڳ඼·˵صĹͣһЩʵˣֱһҲȥóȻɱ֮
ҶҲһ뷨Ѿ̫ˣΪ¶ο׳Ҫһ¶ݣǿ൱Σյġ
Ȼⲻ˵Ҷ첻ϧƯŮ˵ǣҪĸȥȣҲܲͬҲ˵ûͬģûУϾȷʵ㡣׳ҵĵ̣˵ǰҵˣǳɾǴݾߣԣǰƲʲô֮¡
Ҷֻź̾˿ԼĲˣԼľơ
ŮҶƳۿȥ֮ǰϳŽֵʱѾԷΪҪԼټ϶ԷΪ޷͸ȻҲͻɶԷŵؾԲΪϳְĻƻһ˿ת
ǣҶµĴԴţȫһ޶õӣʱûðɣ޲óȥث֡
·ҪѡأаЦʵ
ҲѡбɱҡŮȻһӡ
ɱǶû˼Ҫ·ߣСү·һ飬ߵһ·Ȼߵڶ·ٺٺ١Ц˵
ŮӼò֪룬ĿΧɨȥǣ֮Щ˶صͷŮΪҲû⵨ͷϾСҪ
ŮӾջĿ⣬׾֮ʣһ
ֵܵ˴ˣɲҪ̫˵ǲһϵһӡ
ɫһ䣬ȥȵķٹ¡
ӺôҲǵؾԲʿ±һʿǳ⣬Ȼջֻžһվ
˫ִŮӵ۾һǴΪȻҲ³ŵؾԲΪҪ֣ܳĸؾʿеһƴ
Ȼ鲢ûŮڴķչ
ڴҪϾʱһ첲Сѵֵܣ̰ɣСӿ׳ĺֻܹܵĶӣǻϴ鷳ġ
󺺵ѣӵʱüͷһ壬׳ǿɲͿƸڣ˵صĺֻ쾳ģܹҲСһɷ˵һλؾԲĸ֡ԣɢǾȻﲻġ
ôţ㻹Ӣ۾ɣ֪ԷΪǳȴû˿⣬ĺ̻Ȼη塣
æӲͷƤЦ˵ôأֻĲӬѡ˵æϣﻹֹţһůͰӬࡣ
ŮӶʱ֮
Ҷȴ˼Ȼĺ̻ˣԼҲͲʲô鷳ˡ
ʱѾ൱⣬˾͸Ӳҳͷˡ
㣬ھ·ҲȲ㣬͹ԹԸСүȥɡϸƤƯССүһ治ýλɣֻҪܺúźСүСүͷһһ˵ţһҪŮȥ
ΪΧţŮӸ·ˣǳֵĻֱȻóԿһʱ֮䲻֪Ǻá
ּŮǰ۵ʱҶͻȻСơ
žĴߺȾ˶һرꡣΪҶ󣬶ʱ˷֮УԷôͻأһ𣬲Ļ궼ˡ
ջջ֣ȻͷҶȥȵСӣʲô£ŲСүͷ
ԭŮӺ˶ΪҶгͷ˼ȴһ̬İ֣Ц˵Ǹеȸˡ˵Żһá
һȻ׹СѹֻǸûΪķˣҪ֮˾Ȼơ
Ůȴ֪Ҷһǹװ᲻Ŀǰܿ϶
ԷֻǸҲͲٸƽϣ½עƻصŮϡ
ʱСһƣ⡱˹
ƷŵҶϣС˵͹٣ľơ˵ܿ¾λүƵġ
Ѿָ£аЦСүϸ۵С˵ţٴŮȥ
ڹϣҶͻȻžƱײײ꿿ȥﻹ˵գովϵܣ⣬Ɑƣ󣬴羴㣬ⲻǡ
˵䣬Ҷ⽫ľƱǰȥľƱôһΣϡ
ŭһƿҶ죬ľŪСүѣŲСү㡣
Ҷ챻ƵõײԼϣվȺæľƱϵܣϢϢŭɾ˵Ѿٶǰ
ӹԶ㣡걩ȵͬʱ˦־ҪҶȥȻַ˦գͻȻһ㣬شȥ
һ㵣ٶȳ˦֣ȴķ֣Լ־ȻʹˡΪַиоģǹʹϾ
γԺֻˣҵ֣ҵôˡ̧̧֣ͦģӦûпסǣզͲܿأ
Χ˶һɻ󣬿㾪ŵģʲô״
զզˣҶԾʵ˵Żץֻ˻Σ˵ⲻᶯ
ǻᶯܿˣ꽹
ʱССȴƻһⱨӦˡ
ŭݺݵССȥССŵŮӻ
Ҫ쭵ӣҶϽϹ˵֪ˣ첲һжˡ
עʵúõôжأ
ոմ粻СİѾƸֻ첲ϣֻ첲ͶˣⲻжҶ
תһ룬һɣŭĿҶ쿴ȥʵĪھ˶
ҶҡͷôأҸϵԩ޳ô¶ءοҪµĶء
룬мֲֵ²Ѳﱾж뵽⣬ȻŤͷŹ̨ƹģ边¶Ӻү
ƹŵƨһĨŶͷϵĺһ߾ŵ˹ҡͷԩүԩС¶Ӻ㰡
һǸղ;ƵǸС߷ߵ
Сڱϣһ˻Ҳŵɫ࣬ϽǰϵүСľǳıӵҲҰ٣˵Сƿ͸λ͹ٵģĻжү֮ء


560 ж
ô˵㱾붾үꡣʵ
ССĲ˼Сôܻھ¶ءΪţС˵Щˡ
һߣ˵ƾȻ˵ûǾͰǺƸˡ
⻰С͸ˣȻûھ¶ȴұ֤һûһǴߵļһµĶǺǵһغˡ
֮ʣСҶ͵͵һۣԷɫ糣ͲƵӣһ飬ʱӦָҶ˵µĶո˵ڳ壬һû
СôһѣȻŤͷҶ죬ϸһһȷʵǺӣ뵽ոԼƵһĻɫ
һ㰵иĹҶ죬Ҫ
ҶҲٺЦϵܣ㿪Цѡ
ֱҧŭȵϽӰѶˣҪȻÿ
УѸ첲磬͸ⶾҶЦǺǵ˵
Ӹ첲ˣôյҪǿǵ첲ϵĶÿԷ⣬ͺԥİһˡ
ҶԴҲˣǴⶾ˵ţߵǰץѵŵ㣬ܻôһʹ
˵ţһΣһ󡰿ֱ
﷢ɱĲҽ
ôʹõôС𣿡ҶЦ
ģֹһʹ괭Ŵŭ
Եʹ֪֮ʲôãõĸоˡҶɿִȥػεţͺûͷƵġ
ʹ촽ףͷ󺹣غСӣ㣬ӵĸ첲Ѿˡ
ҿҶץ¶£ɰʹҽУ𣬱𣬱ˡ
ѾˣͰӻȥҶǰһͣһ󡰿죬Ѿʹûˡ
Ҷ֣һ̱ϣǸոƵģȫˡ
Χ˶ǿ÷㶣ĸﲻ֪룬ûõȻж
ٺ٣ڿˣҶЦʵ
ģϣӸ첲Ƕˡ˵ûˡ
ɣѵûϵһΡҶ˵
ôⶾңҿӡ굹Ҳɵӣ˵ţĸºȵǶŸСӸץ
ĸŶҶһӵϡ
ϵܣлú˵ҪǰҸˣ˭ⶾأҶûз˽Լס
ѾվߵҶǰȵСӣүٸһλᣬҪٸˣǱүͿĸ첲
ϵܣģδһֵҶ˵
ߣˣҪȻүÿǵȻ˻֣Ǽ½Ҷɿ
ҶѣȻָǰģ飬飬̫Ͼ顣
̽һ㣬ûʲôȴЦ⣬ΪۻĻָˡ
ᶯˣᶯˡϲõ˦˦ۣܿ죬ϵЦȥŤͷԼұۿ˿ٻͷҶ죬ʱȻŭСӣұ߸첲ֶˡ
ⶾˣҪɣѶƵҪĲλϣûдˡҶ
ĸλأ꽹ʵ
ǸڽӴĲλҶ
㣬ɱ꾪˿Ҫ˶պٲǻ°뱲ӵԸ
ʦ㣬ĸǴڽӴĲλأССʦʵ
Ůӱʵ죬ֻڷܵңҲ֪
Χ˶һЦĸҲ̿
ôѵþɣҶЦʵ
СӣҿϷŪү߳ŭº첲ӿˡ
ϵܣҪǿ˴ĸ첲ϵĶɾܽˡҶѵ
ĺ̻ǿƣССĶⲻˣգȷ˵Ѿױŭˡ
һѾӴȡһѷĴ󵶣ҪҶֵӡ
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ֻѵһĴ󵶵ڵأұҲ֮ȥ
үңҵĸ첲ҲˡӺȻ
˼ƣ׷ȴ
ѽ治˼ȻҲˡҶǸ
ӻæұһ̽ɫһ䣬үǵؾԲǿߡȻԼұ۵ѨλһסˣҪǿΪˣȻͿ϶ԷǵؾԲǿߣϾԶԷͣӵ쾳ΪĿʵ̫С
ӵĻһʶ˿ͬʱ־ϣһϣ
˷׷ȡ˸ԵҶȥ
ҶһһѵڵأǵұҲĴȥ
˶ֵ̿ȴоԼԷʵرֻǵؾԲΪжɡ
ЩʳͶ֮̾ɫһﾹȻѴ֮ĸ㶨ؾڶֻ֣еؾԲΪʵЩϬ
ڳļؾԲʿҲھɫûĳЩ⹦ĵؾԲʿǿġ
һǺǵҲͬʹˣ˭ҪתƲλְɡҶһζ˵
СӣУ㣬ܡ궪仰Ȼֻ룬ĸѸʰ첽ϡ
ߺ󣬴
Ҷ֣߻Լλǰ
պһƣŮԴε˵ղŶ࣬л֣⣬֮ǰ£Ҿԭ֮ǰˡ
ɱˣҳֿɲΪ㳤ƯΪ˲ԭ¡ֻǿСӰˣ۸Ǹ˹֣ҲһֵġҶŲˣĵ˵
㣡Ů˰һʱӲϻֻúߺߵǸļһ˵űߵԼǰ
ʦ㣬˹ֺŶСС̾
ʲôģʦֻûֶѣҪȻЩ쵰ﻹųȥŮû
Ҷ൱
ʦ㣬ﲻأССɻʵ
˴£ˣô⣬Ͻ԰ɣˣҪȻЩ˻ɾ߲ˡŮӴߴٵ
ŶССӦϽ𷹡


561 ʾ
˴ҴҳԱС˺ŮŤͷҶ쿴˿ԷյĺСƣСˣƲߵӡ
Ů룬ѵι㻹ϽˣѲɻҪȶԷ˹㱨𡣡
µĻԸ߾ˡҶ첻ΪȻ
˭˭ˡŮӲıǺҪӣվûҪԷ治ߵӣҲᣬǱߺߵҺ㣬㲻ǾˣѾԱˣȻˣ԰ɡ
Ҷ첻ѵҪôߵˣ֮ǰôᱻҵأ
Ůһüʱ𣬡㣬˼ǣߣ
Ҷû˵ȻžƣŲˡ
Ůϸ룬ҲöԷ˵еߣ뿪ٱ׷ϵĻɾδػ˳ˣԶԣȽϰȫһЩ
ǵЩŮҲֻӲͷƤСС˵ճԱǻһɡ
ҶЦɢɢ
ոճ̫ˣ߲ˡŮ˸ھصϣССҲ
Ƭ̣ССʵʦ㣬ỵ˻ôأ
£ʦǴܵġŮӿο
ǴʦҪúñֱ֣СɶѺˡҶЦ˵
ŮӺ˵ҿɱôˣԸ취Աɡ
ǺðɣԸɱһѪ·ȥǿɵñˡҶһ߿żᣬһ˵
ŮһιڿһϵƣӦͬЭǡ
Ҷʼ˵ողǻ˵ôˣԸ취
ңֻǿЦŮӽ͵
ǺðɣɱͬЭҪ˵ؾԲ֣ԸĿɾͽˡҶ˵
Ůüͷŵ⣬ôУҪһȺôԸ
ҶЦҪ°ɣؾԲĽԸĽҡ
ҲǸԸˡŮ졣
ҲУҲУ˵ôأҶѵ
ңңҪеؾʿĻԸĶˡŮһ˵
ҶĨ˰ѺղĶĸؾڵģѲСӴỹɵôĸؾʿ
ν߶ȻöеЩˡŮӵ˵ͷͷǵ
Ҷüͷһ٩ո˵úһӣôھʾء
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Ǽһﵨӻ治Сĺ̻ᾹȻôеźȾơԶһϣһС˵
֪߲ˣԸɴͲˡһ˵
λү첲ˣɵԳˡһ˵
û׼廹ĺ̻λ쾳Ӳ²
⵹ڣأһȽϰӡڳǰȻֵڵ֪ԷֻǸؾԲ˺Ȼ󶯸ɸ쾳ǿ߳֡ӷ
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༸˾ͷʾͬ
ŮȻ׳ĺֻʵ̫˽⣬ΧЩжҲţһؿҶ죬ʵҪǴһȺˣǸôأ
ùʹ򣬴򲻹¡Ҷ˵
Ůӿ˿ԵССǵҴССӲˡ
ҲֻˡҶ˵ִӴȡɴŮϣɴͻˣɾǷˡ
ŮһˣҲðǣҪܵʱҴССɡ
ҶŸǩһһʩʩȻ˵ǵԴ£ΪʲôҪðΣհأ
Ůתת˵ҪҪҸҵ֡
Ҷ조͡Ц˸ȡ𣿾Ȼܱ
ߣ֮ǰƤŮƲƲֹ
Ҷ룬˵Ҫ˵˵ɣҾúǾͰ㡣
Ҷ⻰ŮӲñ˻ҪֺòͷһֻƵۡ
ôԼûʲôƵģҪĻǻǱ˵ˣʡܡҶЦ
˭˭˵ġŮ
ǵĻǾ͸Ͻ˵ɣҪȻˣҿɾûйˡҶߴٵ
ŮҶ˰ۣû˵á
ãҶ˵ͷֵȻһ㣬ҲǿܹأֻʵЩǻӰۺֵġ
Էۣûòڴ󣬷߷˵ߣҿ
Բӣʵĺģ磬ʩչ˼֮ģҵĵֿͻȽϲҶ컵Ц˵
޳ܣһյ㣬ҲŲϡССߡ˵ţСС֣ſȥ
СС߻߻ͷҶ˹֣󻵵
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˵һȺ𣿡ҶʵʵѾþ̽⵽˵ĵ
СС㵽Ҷ󣬲⣬⻹ǲˣǿǵˣΪôߡ
⵹ҲǡҶĵͷ
һ˽ţ˵Ŀⶼۼλݵܹϡ
ǽǼһָָֻܶҶ죬ʾ⡣
ĿҶͶȥĿдһ˿Ϻͷŭ˵󲽳Ҷȥ
ϷҪˡЩϲֵ˶ڴ
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ǾδСӣ
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562 
ݣٴĳԹҲһͳ֡
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ҶݲȵЦЦ˵֣ӵȽϸӣ첲ҰģͷɲҵĹͣλĽɵ۹Ͱ
ʱˣԷжΣк󷽵ú޲ýж˿飬йͷ֮ޡ
Է㲻ӣҲŭⰻȻûмųȥѵĿ˵ĿСӣǿŭ˵ȻѾˣǾ͸Ϊ¸𣬽ҲΪ㣬ֻҪСƴˣȻСǸɰȻȥô˵ҲԼĴţǶԷʶ̧٣ٳҲ˳ˡ
ⷬͲˣô׷Źô˵Ҳúݺݽѵһղҵĸ첲ʹˡ
סڣŭһݺݵ˶һۡ
ԼʲôƷˣ֪±Լģٸ׵˵ԣûǴӱϽдΪġ
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СӲɵӰɣ¾ȻҴʴʡ
СеؾԲΪҲǸ֮ţԸɲҪźá
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лҶϿ˿Ϊ׳ĺֻܹܣҲֻǸµģЩϿɲһεȻóȻ
ҶֻͷÿȥҶǲĿ⣬޳ܵļһòְȨҶʲôԽɣ
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ƹƨƨߵͷ˵ˣˣϴСͲͣСңǮء
ܴ˵ƹҶ׳԰׺ȣСȥĺֻȡǡ˵ʵֻ̨滰


563 
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ҶɡҶ΢΢ơ
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564 
ʱʲôüͷһɵʵòüҰɣ
Ҷæʲôҵ̰ڸȡģǻʵò
ǸܹͺҶϣôһ͸ءɵʵ
ֻ̻ĴŶѡҶҲֻڷܵ
ļٵأýŽɡ
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ðɺðɣҾһκˡ˵
ܸðҵæ˰ɣҶʵ
룬˵ٻش𱾹Ｘ⡣
ﾡʱǣСն֪޲ԣ޲ҶˬӦ
㣬쾳ǿߣգŴ۾ʵ
ӦǰɡҶ
ʲôӦأǾǣǾͲǡò
ǾǺˡҶ˵
ĨĨʵڼأ
㿴أҶ췴ʵ
ҿ㶥ҲͶʮꡣò²
ǾͶʮˡҶ˵
üͷڷܱ𣿡
ҡҶƤЦ
ߣˣҲˡúߺߵ
ǹܸÿ԰С˰ɣҶЦʵ
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СʣڵɺʲôϵأҶʵȻȸԷϵĹϵԷϵĸǾԱȽϼˡ
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ʲôòõģ㵽ʲôأϽ˵ɣĨǵˣһˣ͸Ƶġòͷİ˰ۡ
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ǰôȥ䷹𣿡ʵ
٣㻹㰡Сȷʵȥ䷹ҶЦ
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СȷʵûʲôţҪСһڣҶ컵Ц
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ðɣС˵ˡҶʼ˿ڲ裬ССȥԼʵСѾͷôŸأһǾø糤ú԰ɣϧ̫Сˣϸθڡ
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˵һ緢ҶƳƳۣȻߵǰ±Ŀ


565 
ҶССʵССɽʲôأ
Ҳ㡣ССԴһƲȻ˵
٣СѾͷ㲻ŲҲʦһɶŮǶ˫ˡҶв
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ԷЩݣҶ΢΢𣬽ţֽһջ⣬ǰžƷԪ鵤
۾һó⾫ƷԪ鵤൱ġ
˵Сˣĺ̻ĴԾƷԪ鵤Ҳ൱ϧԪ鵤ʮΣ쾳ҩƷʺܵͣصӰ£ƷԪ鵤ȻǸߵסˣؽһžƷԪ鵤ǿʹѡ
˿ĭ֮¶֮ɫⱲӻûùƷԪ鵤
ԷԥҶƲǰʧʧǧˡ
ü˼ãһȻܾעûþƷԪ鵤ĻԵ㻹ұ˰æɡ
ҶȻû뵽̫ŻôѶԸûżƽ˵ʵ²ûǰǰΣգ²һֱŹɣֻҪǰ´ϸۡĴűɡ
ôˣôȥѲɰװ￸ȥûʵ
ҶΧЩŮɨһۣεЦЦ˵ֻҪװɹɵӣȻܹǰ˳ˡ
װɵӣɿɶŮӣôװƵ
ҶЦ˵ȻаŮװˡҲû취˭ԼƫƫôһɫŮӵɡаŮװ֮ҲûڽԸŵʱأҲǾḻˡ
Ҷ⻰ΧŮ̿ȴ˵Ȼ֪ʲôֶΪǿ֣صٺãҲᱻʶơ
һǰòŲģа취쾳ԲҲ̽ⲻµΪҶʮ˵öϢǷܹ赲쾳Բ۷ǿߵ̽⣬и׵ֶΣԱ֤ܹ̽Ϊ
ɾ֮ˣԷ̽ⲻΪǸɡ˵
˵һ㣬ҶȻҲǣǰ˵·ϾµķŮӣȥΪӣµᣬԷȻʲôɡ
ûǲһ򣬾һɲڵðաȻܾ
ҰܹڷµľͨأҶԾʮЦ
ѨʱҶѲڴ󲿷־Ǵڷ״̬־²ʲôϡ֮£ܶ˾ٶЩ£еľ²Ӱе᳹һ˵Ǳʡ
ڴ󲿷־µ״£ôؾڣҲԿӵżʡһ͸ҶƣҶڵľҲͬд봦ڷ״̬ҷµ൱ףʦҶ޷Ҳû취ͻơ
Ҷ⻰ͫȻһֻɢɵضҶ죬ʵöЩµľ쾳ǿҲû취ͨƾ㣬õ
Ҷüͷһ˵ͨǼɲصС
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Է㻳ɣҶҲý̫࣬ڵĻóȻ
һûʮİգֻմأȻģϾǴڷյģһܻܿ
ǰˣ֪ǰǷ˵ԯҽɣҶҲ֪ǲݣԷǲԼֵġ
ԯҽɣЩԾΧЩŮȴ֪ơ


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Ҷ޷ˣԯҽɼڽ伣һЩһ㶼û˵ԯҽɡȻ͵ˣȻ൱ġ
ѵԯҽɴԴŻɣϾԯҽ꣬ͻȻһ˵Լԯҽɴˣɡ
Ҷ˵ּȡö룬˦һӣûҲŮӷӦöѲǵҼϡ
ѵһײ˵ұ۶ĴȥҲڵء
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ȻǳֵͬʱҶһӣö뼤
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վһԲδ֣ﾡ֮ɫܽ뷨ʩչֵزģ֮ҲΨԯҽˡ
ջҶһ˦ҲŮϵ뱻ջءŮ첲ָæӵʰҪҶ֣Ȼȴֺֹ
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ŮȴۣûɫԷƷǾЩ
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ҶĽ˵ͷӦǺðɣ͸ʽףöͨˡ
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ڴӦȻתͷãöԯҽɵҽҲĻԵ֮ͨ¿ֱӹϵպٶȣһҪúλҽ
ʦһ˺£ҪҲɡýǵҶƷʮģҪͶԷͬһңЩ
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ҪʲôأСֻ뿿㣬˫Ĵ赼ѡҶ˫Ц
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Ҷ쳤һջϵ룬˵ˣ󹦸ɡ
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ͺõ˵һٻȳɽЩҩϵ֮⣬κķҲֻܵ룬ף٣ĳЩСһֺ֮ӡ
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ڿҪִ֮ʣҶ콫ڵ׻껽ѡ
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ǺǣĳʱдСء÷ǫЦ
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û֪éģ϶·һ˵Ǳ¶ˡҶƵ
üͷΪȻ¶ͱ¶£Ҳǻá


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ô˵Сɾˣ
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˭һéˣֻǸ·ѡҶ˰ۡ
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ס죬ҪٸҺ˵˵Ͳȥˡҧгݵĺݺݾһʵڽץ
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ҶȥıӰĪĸоôһ˿˸黳ȻͶԷǳֵģһ뵽ԷΣأжٻЩǵġ
ԷԶ̲סιСĵ㡣
Ҷûлͷֻ˻ӣ
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ֹƬ̣һҶǰΪһλòҶʵֵܣЩλӿ
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һˣҶʱ˼֣Ǳ˿ݵĻǿɲġɷŵĵжԹϵټԼ˴͵͵ģᱻԷΪԼɷļϸ
߽㳡ҶϽջĿ⣬ûȥ»ᱻƵġ
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˷˵ͷ˵ǰ峤ἰ֮£Ȼ峤ʱδͬ⣬Ҳδԣǰף٣ҲΪ˴ٽ´ɡ
Ҫ峤ͬµĻǿ൱ʤǵ
˷糤̾һ˵²ңҲֻ˳Ȼˡ
ϼ壬ǰ
ΪĴڣԭӦܵصҲֻ˾Ӷˡһ˷һɽһ֮ìܣλõĳɳìҲԽԽΪҡ
㳡ϣҶ˫ͨñĴţһֱûɢǿע⡣
ĿԺɨ֮ʱֲ׽һϤӰǱˣҶ顣
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ҶҪ߳㳡֮ʱͻȻһ裺վס
Ҷһ²ӲֹסѾ³ɡ
Ǳ߿ɲܹȥġ˵
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Ҷסˣ͵͵̧ǰ˿ȥһɲǸܣţԼȻ￴
ΪȾţҶԵЩȻһɵĻɡ
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£ԼƿñĻϲһϳġ
Ȼ֪ʲôϵҪԼĴ൱Σյġ
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ԷŰûӦɵҲ͸ˣ۾һУ˵ôô𣿻˵ⶵñʲôı
ϵҲ¶֮ɫ
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ȻãңҶ죬ϽҽΧ㳡򴩻۵ˡ
ҶĴһ㶣Ťͷ㳡ȥȻһ۱㿴˱ɵΧŵҶ졣Ȼû׵׷ʲô£Ҷ磬ԼǰƺЩ
룬ϽҶ飬첽㳡ȥ
㣬ȥأͻȻţҶЩɻ
ոҶҷ˴ǰǸ˺ϲõظ֮
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ѾͷɲҪñӣҪȻɾ鷳ˡҶҶ鷢ȥѵҪǲû׼Ѿͷһܹððʧʧñȷݡ
Ҷ鵹Ҳע⵽ǰǲɫȥǵҶֱԹʦ֣ôأ˼Ҷˡ
ҶҶԴû˵һͱɸϳ
ʱǰ˵幫λѣ֪ǣ
ԭѰղŷɶЩɣءЦЦ˵ȻЩЦҲֻǿģӵĵλүүģȻ൱ˡ
ģ幫Ҫʲôɵĵطұǡɫ˵
ǺǣȻѣȻòŻˡ˰Ц
ȻˣӦÿԴ˰ɣʵ
ȻȻͷӦ
߰ɡҶҶ˵ȻתԺȥҶҶϡ
һתϵЦȥ
ȴһ޵ضҶıӰΪʱҶҶĸ첲ΪǵĿϣ˿ͨʦãȫһ£һ㣬Ҳɿȥġ
ϸ磬ĪѾͷǹλӵãСʵ
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ѹСС;ж쾳Ϊ¡ԶԶıӰ̾Ժ䲻ϴǸµ꣬תۿǸŻɫļһӰǸӰмǺϡ
üͷ壬ʱ˵ϵܣҲ߰ɡ
ջĿ⣬˵ͷȻҲû̫࣬ǰȥ
·ϣҶҶ챧Թʦ֣ʱ㶼ȥأ˼ҶҲ㡣
ʦҲڵأǰŴңԱٸ˹˵ţҶһɵĿȻʵȻãôڽأ
һЦ˵ʵұڽأҵҵˡ
㣬ж쾳ΪҶʱע⵽Ϊ
˵ͷ͵Ҷ磬ҿӵľϵŶ
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˵ȥѧϰҽʵΪҸβ򵥵Ľ͵
β˵ľϵӦżǿĻָЧǣѵҲû취𣿡Ҷɻʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ҵǱɷŵɷˣƾҵľϵ޷ڲɷƳҲŻȥѧϰҽϣƾҽ֮ҵľϵҽҸס
ԭˡҶͷ׹ֵ㸸׿ɡ
ʵǰүүҲԯҽɵҽɻûκҸס˵
ô˵㸸׵ǱȽϼˡҶ˵
ҪҵľϵҶ֮ϣܽҸε˵
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䡣
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ϽһˮҶϴ
ϴҶҶʵѾͷСأ
Сһﻹ˯ءҶش
Ҷ
ȥйҶ˵űȥ
ҶȥЦ֪ĵ̣ҲͲýʾ֭ôðյ˥ˣһʧžƷԪ鵤һ뵽žƷԪ鵤Ҷһʹ
͵Ц˵Ҷ磬һҿһֱڴϢЩṦΰҲˡ治ţŰʱ䣬㾹ȻһλؾǰʿΪ˶쾳ǿߣҪҪء
Ǻǣȷʵ˲飬нΪҲֻ˵ǻԵɡҶһ˿п˵ڽҽԺѾͷʱĳ£һоͻա
Ҷ磬ܹټ㣬ĺܸˡ΢΢죬˵ҶһһĻĻ
ҲǡҶЦЦ뵽ʵˣҺʲôϵأ
ң룬˵ҺûʲôҶΪʲôôأ
ǰɣôףأҶɻ


570 
֮ĹϵҶܹ³֣ǽ֮˽˹ϵӦòڻμʢ硣
һ֮ɫֻ֪ǻĵ۹һλʦȴûˣ֮ǰҲûϳ
͸ղŸλ幫һǸͷҶ
𣿡Ȼ׹ֲ²һʦİɡ
شûܸҶṩʲôмֵϢҶҲûЦЦ˵λ幫Ĺϵƺ̫ӡһ֮ǰĶݶԻ֮ҶЩᣬֱ֣Ȼ͸ӿ϶ˡ
Ҳûʵ˵Ϊҵӵķͷһֱһء
ղСӾӰɣҶʵ
ͷţɣǸ񣬲Ҫûүүĵҩ֧֣Ҳнĳɾ͡
֮ǰҸЩڣԸҪʶݲźáҶ쵣ǵ
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Ҷô˵æʵʲôأ
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̱ʲôأʵ
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ĴˣѵǷϵʵ
Ҷͷ˵ûõүүĴУʱֱʱѾ쾳Ϊˡ
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ǰҴ㾡ߡҶε̾˿
ԭһҼҶסأڿǲˡüź
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ˣһҶ죬С˷ܵĴҶͷ£ܵҶ£ͣСԴϲš
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СڣˡСڣСҲ൱
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Ƭ˼Ҷܿ뵽һΪİ취̧һö룬ֱĵѨȥȻҪöס嵤Ѩʹö봳֮ڡһڵԪԷж֣ɢԪһԵӿȥ
ԷԪӿҶϽȡһö룬Ѹٴ嵤Ѩȴų׶
׼Ҷֻͷ˵ʹ㸸Դʹںͷǧøˣ˿ء
ţɫӦ˵űץ˸׵һֻ֡
׼𣿡Ҷʵ
ˡͷӦ
ҶһȻٴһö룬˦֮ؿڡ
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ţҶʹԴȥڵִԴʱٶȣţƵģԴŲȥ
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̶̵ľ룬㻨ʮӣŵִĿĵء
ʱѾһ˿ɷڵЩɷһ㣬һ֣ñ
Ҷ쵱ȻԴ˿ɷսԸľϵȽͣǰЩɷס
ҶķԸʹɷ
Ϊľϵºͣɷ̬ҲҪ࣬һһƵˣľȻͲ̫ߡ
ܿľϵһ˿ɷǰΧȻסɷȴû취ȥΪжɷͻľϵóսҲͺѽⱩɷƷ
Ȼ͵ÿҶˡ
ľϵɷסҶʹ룬ֱӴľϵУһ˿ɷչɱ
һ˿ɷϿ΢ɱãֱľҲֻǽĥʮ֮һ
ΪˣҶֻٴɱⳡսһСʱҶһķ˰ö룬ŽһɷĨɱ
ƹڽԡ


571 д
Ҷȡ嵤Ѩϵ룬Ȼ˵˿ɷ㸸Դʮ꣬ȻѾ㸸׵ǻ޷ָܿԾɣҸ㿪һҩЩҩá
ʵҶ磬ҸҪòָܻأ
һ£һֻ꣬Ҫҩܳ׿ġҶش
˵һԲϾʮˣ˵ͷмҶ磬̫ллˡ
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ǣ˱뿪ɽ
߳ɽʵҶ磬ھҪ𣿡
ȻԽԽãûµĻھˡҶ˵
ӦϾͿʼˣҪǳԹ߰ɡ
ϸ룬˼ڰ٣ҪǲߣȷʵЩʧٿǵڳԼӦòڱҴҶҲʹӦ
ţ˱ֱ㳡ȥ
ʱ㳡ϯıҲ඼ˣڻûǿɾЩʧˡȻǰû˸˷ġ
ϲ峤촩ɫϲװڹ㳡ǰĸ̨֮ϣվá
ֱӴҶҶվ˷
˷ͷôڲүү֮ǰǶ㣬
үүҸһϢЦ˵еĺϢָȻԼ׵ˡ
龫үүʡǾõϢˡ˷εҡҡͷЦ
棬ɿճһҶҶ飬һ˿
Ƭ̣ϵվ˵лλͬǰϷ٣ҷ꣬ĻԻ治иŬĳɹͬʱҲ벻λͬĶ˻ᣬϷλͬʾԵĸл
˵һδлʣȻ붼Щ׻Ӯ˵
Ϻشʰ٣Ϊڶ࣬൱֡
ðϺҲʽʼˡ
ǾῪʼ֮ʱͻȻߵ̨룬ʾ̫үүɶͻȻ뵽Աķʽˣ̫үү׼
Цŵͷͬɶ⵹ǲֻ˭أ
ǹһЦתҶ췽ȥ˵һλѣʵӣ֪ܷдд衣ȻǿҶҶ׽ҶǰҶݺһͬʱҲչչԼ硣
˶˳ɵĿϵҶ쿴ȥҶȴüͷôҲûϵɾȻͻȻд衣
ѵһѾҵݲˣҶаϸ룬ӦúС
ϵҶҲüͷ
ʲô⣬ȻῴŴ·˵λֻǸûΪķˣôд衣֮ǰҶ˵ԼΪ֮£ѡ
һߣ˵ˣںŪλѿʦ֣ôǸˣﶼӵŵؾΪʦӦøǡ
ңֻҽϵʦùϵѡҶæ
˵ɶλСֵܿȷʵֻǸ˶ѡΪ쾳Բ۷ǿߣһҪǰΪɲô׵ġ
ô˵Ҷ쵹һ
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ҶϽ粵ֻװζѣѵȻЩǣǿ
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ʦǲư͸ʲôϵҶյ
һԵ˷õλСֵܼѣҲҵĿˣɲҪ̫ˡ
˷ָɣɽȻǲˣһ˵ô˵ɾͲˣɶֻλСֵдд裬кιء
д裬дˡǰһ˵
ݵú֡˷ϽֹסȻΪҪһ㣬ȴʵȻɡ
үүĺˣֻҪҰľϵҲҪʲôʽܰ仨ˮ˵ľϵʹľϵȻԽеľϵޡ
нսʲôãˣȥ˷Ȱ
ҲֻߺһܲԸ˻ȥ
ȻûģҶ췢ѵֵܣΪĿòǱİɣ
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̫үүɶҲ⻳λֵܣֻСǳǵѲʶһЩϲѣϾĿǰڷǳʱڣǽһЩΪá˵õͷͷǵĿ޷ǾҪҶ
ɶ˵õҲǳᱻһЩĵãȷʵӦö۲ǡɽ˵
õܣ⻰Ǻ⣿Īָɣ˵Ϸܽ޷˷۲
סڣôͬ泳ֵģɺͳŭǵ
˷ɽȻҲ͹ԹԱͣҶ˵СֵܣϷҲûб˼ֻĿǰȷʵڷǳʱڣϣվ֤
ɽ˵ֵܣ֤ɣֻǸûΪķˣҵڸǸȻɲŶԷöǴġ
ȻˣҶٲԸҲӲͷƤϣҪȻɾ͸ҪԷˡ
飬ҶȥԶͣ½Ų
ֵܣ鷳Ҷ˵
£ԼԪ׻ڣҶȻ¶Է̽⣬Ժ֡
̧֣סҶ󣬵Ԫעһ̽⣬Ȼû̽⵽˿üͷһ壬аѵֻǸˣܣһʲôķΪ
۾һУҶϿȥһ˲̽ҶϵĶñץȥȻҪñƿ


572 
Ҷû뵽һﾹҵô˵ʹ㱰ɵֶΡ
£˵νǽѣǷǱȻᱩ¶ʵǲһñƿȻһ۽ϳ
ȨأҶѡǰߣϾ¶ݵ³Ҫȱ¶ʵࡣ
ɵ;֮ʣҶѸյضһ١
ɣ̫޳ˣȻ
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ôһ˵һ˫˫ɵĿˢˢҶȥԣһˣݣҲܶ쾳ǿߵĳС
ʱҶ֪ҲûʲôˣǱԸ׻꽫Ԫ³
׻³Ԫ˲䣬ϵ˷ɽλ쾳ǿߣȻüͷȻ޷׼ȷıҶľΪ磬ȴԿ϶һ쾳Ϊ
һЩ쾳ǿ߶ҲҶϵϢ仯
Ҷ챩¶ʵϵҶ鶼¶֮ɫ
̨µҲҶ˰Ѻ
ֵ㶼ѾˣϾȻɢ˵ϢɵϷЦ
ҶԾû˵䶢ɣĿ¶һ˿ɱ⣬ޣͳȥļһ
Է˵ɫһȻʵ˵㵽ʲôˣΪкĿģ
Ҷܹо˷Ͷһ˫˫ɵĿ⣬ĶƼֱǧһʱпܱ¶Լݣһݱ¶ǿɾһʰˡ
ôôѻشѵ˵ɷļϸɴżֿ϶ĿǱʵ
ΧЩ˵Ŀֶ˼ֵζȻҶٲͣǱض͵ýǿͷˣ£ҶͲ⿪˵
Σʱ̣ʱҶΧŲʲôɷŵļϸ游βҽ
ⷬΧ˶ǽͷӶԶĻʾɡ
һ˵ãǲҲ̫ǣǿ˵㡣
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үүûк˵ոҪĺϢǵڵɷѾˡ˵
˶һɣҪ֪ڵɷԯҽɵҽ޲ߣô˵
˷ȻЩɣǴôһ˿Σʵ㣬˵Ŀģ
Ȼô鿪Ц첻˵
ɵܣڵɷһо˵ġ
λѿɲʲôУԯҽɴˡ
Լԯҽɴ˵Ψĺ̻һЩ֪ݻǱȽϰȫġȻҶ첢ϣֳϹȻѾ˵ˣҲûʲôεˡ
䣬㳡϶ʱԾͻɵ
ļٵأԯҽɶ˽ЩˣôͻȻأ
˵ԯҽɵҽͨ챾£ɶźԯҽɽء
д˵ԯҽӵг֪֮Ǽ١
ԯҽɹڶ곤ʿǵĻ䣬ǸҲԯҽɵȫʢʱڡ
СֵܣԯҽɴˣҲЩɡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ԯҽ꣬ҲѹҪöñЦŵͷ
Էôһ˵ҶǸ߸ֿˡ
ԯҽҽѾƹɽ޲ߣĪСҽҽѾˡ˷Щţǰ֮ȻԶñ粻䣬Ӧͦӡ
æ͵үүֲųɹء
ԭˡ˷ͷ׹ЦҶлСҽܳҽϷмк󣬾ǣϷ򶨵ȫ㡣
֪Ҷ첻㿪ڣǱ˵үүոѾмˣòٸмˡ
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ҶҲֻܵͷʾӦ
ʱͻȻ˵ԭ¾ԯҽɵҽʧʧ˵ɵӲҽ˫Ҹ׿Ⱥµ̸¸С
ҲҶӦѾȡעԪ󣬾ֱҶȥ
ҶĻϵһﾹȻƤĳ֣£ڳһʱ벻ʲôʽӦ
ۿɵĽѾϮǰæҵسԪܡ
ᣡ
ɵĽƱԪӲĵײɲǣüͷȻһ塣ȣԪܵǿҪԶʤԼԪܣҲ˵ԷΪҪԼ߳ࡣΣǰһĻʶĸоٿԷñǰָоԵøΪǿˡ
ɵ˲䣬ѱҶԪ˳ȥ
Ҷһ˿룬Ȼ󲻼˼Ľȭʩչ
ȻʩչȭҲһķգ˿϶ϲġ
ɽ֮ǰϤĸоζһ飬һʱû뵽ʲôͷٿԷѾ׼ʽҲϽעԪ׼ʩչνĵʽһкǧ
ʱҶӰζÿһӰĳ֣һΡ
Ƭ֮ʮһһǳɣԥػȭͷǰջȻʩչǰʽȭ
ĿǰΪʩչʽȭԽһлˡ
ȭͷͬʱһӰŶɼȥ
ԱԼǿĵˣɲ˿Ѹٽ׼õʽʩչȥֻǲڽϵĻˮϵһտɫΣӿȵӭǰǵӰ
䣡
ܿڰ·ײҵı
ЩӿǰӰһ۵Сľ·ʱᱻûʵϣϿȥǰ̺ޱǿնˣҡ
䱬֮ϵӰŰηֱǰССȭͷһӱܻ˻ֱƲɵ
𾪵Ŀ£Ӱ׾ٵػΣ˳嵽ɸǰݺԪϻȥ
ᣡ
ɵԪһ㱻飬Ӱ˳ƺϡ
أ
ʯ㵹ɳȥصʮ׿⡣
ֳһƬžҶ쳯ԶƳһۣȻתԼλȥ
ǣû߳ȴɵĺվס
Ҷͣ½Ų
ɾǷʲôһ㣬ش󺰵㣡û㣡


573 ϸ
⻰ҶһǿҵΣӿͷ
˶ȻǶû˵ʲôֳҲΨҶһö
ҶܰԭأһҶ¶һ¾ͻᱻʶݡ
Χܰ˵ĿⶼעɣվĨȥѪȻؿڣҶȥ
ɶոǻʲô˼أɵĸɻʵ
ǵϴǰַ·ϣɷŵ˽𣿡ʵ
룬ͷȻǵãɶΪͻȻἰأ
Ӧûǵãʱ;ͻȻɱǸߵļһɣһҶȥһʵ
ǵáӵͷӦ򣬻ȻŤͷҶ쿴ȥɵĪǡ
ûָҶ죬Ц⣬ıҹƵóһ㡣
ȻΧ˶ûĶԻһ۵Сۣһͷˮ
ɶôأʵ
̫үүϴҺ͵һȥַ;ȴɷŹɷáɷõǱǴɴ򵽰;ʱͻȻɱһߵˣо˹ɷǸǴˡʮֿ϶˵
ɵĽͣҲĴţٶȶҶݲ˻ɡ
֮ǰҶ˵ɵ£ȴ֪ɷŵˣ鷢չֵز治֪Ǻá
ɶȷʵϾԷŶϴĿܡ
ϴйһ棬ԴӸղŵĽ֮УҿԿ϶ϴǸߵļһɼᶨ˵
ɷŵˣҲ˵һɷŵˡֻܾҶ쿪ѡ
һЦ˵ʱƺǸɷΪ磬ɷҲܣ˵ĹϵѾ˳ֵܵĵزǲɷŵʲô𡣡
˶ǽͷӶⷬʵĻǴ˵ȷʵ൱ɡ
СֵܣʲôҪ͵𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ֪ԼƺҲϴˣԣɴýˡ
ҿɷļϸǿпѹҶͷϣ֮ǰҶһвҰӣɽ˲ڴôõĻᣬȻúݺݳڶ
⻰ϽҶɷʲôϵȷʵΪ˸ҵƣԸɷġ
ãɵ÷ңɷҵУɷŵҲǵĵˣѵ˭ʮꡣȻѵ
һ˵Щ֪κһ˶Ҫʹɷţ޷ҶݣΪţҶһɷŵļϸ
үүκ˵һҪҲֻ˷簧
˷ʵҲʮΪѣһ̯ɷţǾͱ൱ˡ
˼Ƭ̺ӲͷƤ˵֪ԯҽһǶκľףɷŵ˳ֵܣҽβˣϷСҽɷļϸ
˷ⷬ˲ٷ죬Ĺ۵ȻҲõ˲˵ͬ
ɽȴ˵ԯҽȷʵǶ¸ô꣬˭ܱ֤ԯҽɲأ˵Ҳδػᰴԯҽɵ¡ⷬȻҲмֵ
ɷŵˣơ˷練
û׼ֻҵһڶѡɽʾ
쾳ǿߣһƻָҾͽһλ쾳ǿߣ㵹˵˵ʲôҪ鱨ֵɷôأ˷粵
ǿ˵׼ף֮գҽõĸڳƫƫʱƣǲҲ̫ɺءɽٴɡ
һһ䣬˵˵һʱ֮ࡣȻΪ˵Ҷ죬ȴһԣͺǾһ㡣
òɿ֮ʱͻȻһ䣺ƺһˡ
˷ɽִͣɿȥ
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˶Ҷ쿴ȥ鷢չֵزװҲװȥˣΣҶֻܸɿһһȽϴֵ˵òô࣬Ҳøֱͣ˵ɡԷҪǼϸͷӲͷϿۣԽٶҲûá
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ӲҪңҲ£ڴˣʦʦ桢̫ʦ桢̫ʦ棬ȵλȻǰֻعġҶҲֻвԷʵ˵̫ʦˣʦҶûйҵ֪
ⷬٻЩģԯҽӵг֮Ĵ֪ģټԯҽɵײβû֪ʵжǿ
ⶼЩǣϵҲһ֮ɫɣǻ൱ɻġ
вѲΪԯҽɲɣɽŭȵ
Ҷʼ˵ɲ˭˭⣬ֻǺǶѡ
䣬һ˵ǾƲɷŵ²˵ϴӷɶϾ˹ɷһǵøһ㡣գ߳ҴţǾͿһˡ˵Ҷȥ
ҶüͷȻӿ쾳Ϊǲʹܴʹ÷ٵǾ׵Ȼᱻϳ
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ʵҶμΣڽӡ
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ԭϸҲˡ۾ֱĶҶ죬·Ҫǲ㶵ñһ㡣
ô˵ԳԾʵ
ΪԼʮа˾žˣңǼƺѾ϶²⡣
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䲻֮⣬ǴӦһȻת˻صԼλϡ
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һߣ˵ƿñĻϷ»ñš
仰ҶҲԿ϶ԼȷʵѾҴһɣҲòĵˣЦһ˵»ǲҪƿΪãǰȥʺڡ
ǲƣգ뿪˻ɱ⡣
ϣ⵽ôأʵ
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ҲʵһǸ£Ҳжš뵽֮ǰԷǳΪֶΣòҶĿ࿴˭СӾ򵥡
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Ŷƿ̨̨¶һ̾ЩϼʶҶʵмַĿùҶķɡ˶ֻҶ¼ȴĿùķˣһò۰ͺʹ˵һȻᡣ
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ҿҹϵƺҲͦŵӣδػ⡣˵
ողŵȷʵˣ峤ݵӦò֣Ϳɽα̬ˡ÷˵
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һͣϴһսӶʱ˼֣еʶƾԼһˣûʮİɱǰµļһ
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۵ͬʱȻһЦ˵ִԲӣ⽭ֿɲǸŵģλ˵ʵʸҺϵֳˡ
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ѵǸС˾ϵ飿̫˼ˡ
˵ǸС˿ƻ׵ͨ챾죬СҲ֪Ǵ㵽顣
Ļֻë󡣡
СڵϻܣͻȻ硱һһʱһǰȥ˸̨ĵϡ
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̳죬ʯɢΧЩҳϸϽԪܣõʯĳ
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˶Ǵʧɫ̨ЩΪµ˶һֵضСݣͬʱ²ӻŲˡǺ׵ҪǴϣǲǣҲñɽ̿
ҶȻҲûϵСݴôٿ˿ǰϵĴ󶴣ֻͷСݽСһ˷˶ϧԺڴǰȳܣĸ˳۾ͳĸ򡣡
˶úգСݡڴӦ˵Ťͷܻɽ̨Ļ̡̻
ȻԷѾҲûī߳λá
ҶƾԼСڲܶԸǰͷϵĽСҲ
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575 
ƺҲʶһ㣬һۣ¶֮ɫǰĪ꣬ǿɲ˿⡣
ͬģҶҲҴ⣬ĿǰΪͷһаʽԣʱ̱־衣
СͬʱСҲҶڴ˳ݵҶͷ
Сڵĳͬ˲Ŀ⣬ЩδۼСʵ˶ʮֺ棬ֻëд˵ǰһĿԴ
Ҷͣڼ䣬̨Щ˷׷̨쾳ǿ֮սɲġ
ܿȡǼеˮϵһϴϣҶй棬֪ʽȽϵҲǽ󲿷˼˵ϡ
ҲͬȡһеˮϵͬǾνھѧǾͲö֪ˡ
ûīҶ쵱СһСǿˣ
Сһݣ׵;ͽȻ֮侹һֻһӴľޣȫȼųɫ𣬿ʮˡ
Сͻıɰ˶һرǶŵðĽϡ
ЩôûҲϵֻƨƨߵĸҶСﾹȻ˿ֲޣʵ޷͸ΨһԿ϶ǣһʮ
Ϊ𾪵Ļ˷ɽˣ˵ΪȻҲֻ޵ʵ磬ֹǴûġ
ŵĳͬʱѸﳤעԪСȥ
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576 
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ɽߵɲҪ첲գСӿɷŵˣ㴦ĪɷŻΪѲɣ
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ȥɲǰ취òϧһд۵ɱҶа⡣
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״£Ҫͻɱܡ
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577 
Сҿ춥סˡҶ׻꺰
ҲܾûˣҪͳûһذɣҲ㳤ԡ׻ʩʩȻػӦ
ӽȽ˥һζˣǿɾˡҶЩƵ˵
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ˣͱˣٷϻӿҪˡҶߴٵ
ˣͰһء׻ΰ̾һֱҶڶҶͷ֮ϡ
׻ĿǰѾѧͯһСȫâͺͿǿһ·۶ɡ
ɲ֮䣬ȫĿˢˢػ׻ϡ
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ѵһ飿
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Щ˶ԣΪ𾪵ĻȫҲֻԼо׻ֿ̺ɲƺѾԽޡ۾ɵùԲ׻꣬˵Īǣ֮ЩȻ˵֮ĴڣۼʶԲŻ𾪡
һԵ˷ɽȻ޷͸ֻܸо׻ϵʮǿҪԶʤڿǿ
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Ǹ˰˷̲ס̾
Ҷ֪׻״̬ͬ޷̫ã׻һָǱŵԸС˻мǸͷ
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578 
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ٿͷϿգ׵ǻϿλþۼһ˶׵ϷţµƵԻء
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ɷ籩Ѿ˿Ƭѹѹƣŷ籩תƬеҲ˿׻۳Ǹ
ԶʿֻоһȵͷϮ쾳ʿ׷׳Ԫܣؾʿֻܶ㵽ĺ󷽡
ڷ籩ͺƬ̣ԭ籩ЩɫϢȻ۳ΪɳɳּۣƬǿ񱩵羹ȻΪһ׸ߵʯˡ
Ъֹڽ󷽵ĵؾʿȲش˳´ǰⳡ֮ս˵ĦֿսĻᣬҲֻôһΡ
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СںСҲֻٶȱֵ
СϵѾʮСϵĻҲͬʣ޼Ҷüͷ壬ǿҵΣӿͷһ̣оԼѾΪˡ
ԶҶץĸ첲ǵ˵㣬ȥʦְɡҶһڿսҶļ١
ãҲȥҶ磬ȥҲֻѡһε˵ֿ˷磬үүϽְҶɡ
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Ȼ֮ʣȻһ⣬ˣ


579 
ҶĻȲ˵ԼܵĴãܹӹһ٣СڡС軹Щǵñסˡ
ԣǧǺķһҲñס
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ҶȻ֪Сָ龧ǺԥĴӴȡ龧һȡǧ龧Сǰѳһѡ
С龧֮ϥ£Ҳ֪ʩչʲôطϵȻޱʢЩ龧Ϊܿʧȥ˹ʡ
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580 
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ԭһʮֺѡ񣬿ҶȴôҲû뵽ԼΪѡ񣬶صĴۡ
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ҵǣǰƬ˿죬ҲͿԽһЩɽƵΣźЩͷߡȻԽ˦ҲԺһЩ롣
һƬɽǰҲɷŵˣҶԸСֱǰ
ûãͷɽ룬Ȼ֪ǰɷŵأֻܹԹԵͣ½Ų
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ϵһаնԸСӣЩġ
ӵ㼱ȻѾƽߣʱ׷ʱϸ磬ϵҾһˡԱϣ㲻ٵ飬Ҷ׷ȥ
Ҷܿں󷽼׷Ķ
Ȼ˵ǰɷŵأԼ֪ɷģҾܴҲֻΪѣΪҡ


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С裬ա
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СҶķԸı䷽򣬳汼ȥ󷽵ɽ׷ᡣ
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ƺҲǵһ㣬Ҳ֪ʩչʲôٶһ˲һأ֮׷֮ڡ
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С賯ǰǰҶСԸȻӣǾͲֱˣҪȻֵڻЧˡ
СӦһҲƫһǶȣƺóּ䴩󣬾ľïʢǰ·Ȼܵ൱˳
ԶԣɾûôˣЩľǵڵߣҲٶܵһӰ졣
ԽԽԶȥҪ˶ñʧȥԷ٣һ˼Ѹٴ﻽һֻԲһľӥ
ֻӥȫëΪɫ۾ȴ籦ʯһ̣һֽ۽ӥʥޡ
ڵı۽ӥԴﵽǾ磬ǰֻ۽ӥȻڳɳڣֻһֻһʥޡ
ķԸ֮£ֻ۽ӥһڿն𣬷ʮ׸߿֮УȻָ·
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ʦֻ뿪һܿͻ׷ǵģˣĥɾ˲ˡҶûٷϻСԸһǵƬܻ޴ڣСҲһ˳һ򼲱ȥ
ʱѾС׵ľ룬Ҷɢÿ̽⵽ټ
ѵõ˱۽ӥָʾֱҶ췽׷ȥϾҪĿҶ졣
˾ֻԱһ㣬׷š
ȻҶԽžĸɱܿǰ·ϵľǣٶȻǲÿƽף͵ʩչײ룬һһʱᵹҲ׷
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Ҷһ⣬вǰķӦ׷Сȥˡ
ʵҲҶϣҶ죬Ǿ;ǰȥץסҶ飬ͿҶ鵱ʣԸҶ졣
ʶһ㣬ҶﻹڵصţϽʮ𼱵Ĵӵ
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֮ǰһ·ʩչײѾľԪҲûʩչײһûԪ龧ָԪһں󷽸ţ㿴Ӱɿֻ۽ӥ
Ƭ̲߸ߵ͵͵Ҷ˵ʮģͱƵУҶʩչһ죬ֱӷԽȥ
ƣҶȻܺ־롣
Ƭ̲ϿʮǰһƬɫɳĮӵλӦǵ̤ڽʱߵƬɳĮ
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ǺǺܿ㱻׷ϣСӦսղһ·ǻָһЩֻҲֻǿ֧Ƭ̶ѡ
СڿսƬ̣ҶҲϵֳС趪һЩ龧ָȻȡٵԸСڡ
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ѾܲˡС˵
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С裬ͷ׷ˡСҡСкСȴѾľ˯


583 Ƴ
СûӦСִܵҶǰģе˿ٲǿɾҪˡ
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ҶûӦСֻôܻصСǰͣҡԴкС裬ѣС衣
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һߴɳվɳϣѾԶԶǰ̱ɳϵӰ
ԷѾܣЦ⣬û˿ɣѸٳɳǰȥ
˵ҶĴǸʱըǸըҵըǲ罫֪ͻըƽҡ
ԣʱ˿ֻ̣һǱǲϧһдնɱҶ졣
ǰӰԽԽЩѾȡ˳ֻҪһ빥ΧԥĽԷնɱ
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Ԫܣ˵󳱵׼ɽǣЩɳճ嵽ǰͻȻȫɳУֻʣһɳԷ
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Ŷǣæɣһе£ͣˡƽԵЩţ仰󣬱ҴææȺ
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ҶԶȥıӰƽһתȻСںͷȥ


584 ҩԡ
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ߣΪû취𣿡¶ɫʵͦģⴢзӡųߵһ˿õȳɢ˲ʱû㽫ҶɱһҪõıҲֻܿҶóˡ
ҶüͷһΪȻʲô취ʹʲôһϢͳͳιСү±ǡ
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ôһ˵СүһͦڴģͷǶͷҸ䷽պʮͭҲһݣǱʵͭˡҶٺЦ
;ֺǰɣԺܵġƽ仰ȻתߵһԵʯ£һҩ
Ҷ˳ϵܷͺ磬̾һһҵҩ
Ȼûг׾ֻҪ׻ˣҪͻƵѨӦò⡣ֻ֪׻ʱŻѣǵԼɶʬǿɾ޲ˡ
£Ҳǰ취Ҷֻʵʵҩ⻤ҩԡ


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ҩûãҶоԼѾЩģȥ¾ͻƽ˵һľǹ롣
Ȼ˵ǹ൱ãҪ嶼ľĻǳʬˡ
ΣǰѾݲѡǱƳɶʬҲ޿κΡ
ҩһ죬֮ʱƽ뿪ɽҶҲûмҩȥҩӣо°飬Ҳ֪ҩЧ̫õԵʡ
ǵߵһҶǽ£ȻӴȡһЩ롣
ȻԪ⣬仹ܹʹõģΪдȡƷˣЩûķˣҲͬʹúʹͬԭ龧
Ҷ콫ЩȫļѨλϣűͽϰĦȻûԪԯҽɵⰴĦַЩ룬Ȼܹڵҩų⡣
һϣҶ첻ͣĦȫʱҲͲָˡ
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һһ죬ȵϸƽߺҶͰĦַҩ
һ磬˶
ߵҶǰЦôҩ׵úɣ
ǰöлĿȻصһλŮźСүϴҩԡҶЦ˵
ȻϲףԺףڴ֮ǰȸϵ֮Ǵġ˷ܵУͺһץ˵Ŀѧһ㡣
һô˵ҶʱоϻضιһϢԪˡȻһԪ޷ãһٸЩӰ˵ĵҩǿɾͲˡ
ǣҶǵվǷˣּȡһźں衣
ϴϣϵ֮ѾĶʬˣ֪軹ܲܶЧ˵űҶֱͣӽҶ
ϴһθҶЩ֮һܵļ˷ӦаѲڣЩ֮ҶƣȻܹɽѹס
ѹס֮ҶȻһͷȻܹԼڵ֮Ժǲǿ֮أ
Ȼ˵ҶĿǰѾӵ֮ĿȨû취⽫ٻÿζúҲʵ̫ӵˡ
ȻҲֻǵѣûôȥʵУϾǶʬϣѱʲôá
ʱܵҶĿƣڵ֮δɢ
Ҷûһ㷴ӦüͷⶾĶ˿Ч˵˵ǣǸʬõĵҩһӦǲЧģ䷽øĽĽС
˵ţҶ쿴ȥ˵¾Ҹһ飬Ҫǳ㴢ıģôŰɣһϢա
Ҷÿ񺹣ϢʲôľˣҪɣſڵϣСүⶴһȦСүһЦ˵
ŭɫһ˿ŭɫܿţһ˿թ֮ɫһ˵㴿ֻԲ˵ˣѹûʲô
Ҷһۿ˶СδҴʮϵ˭˵СүûбأСүⴢıɶҪˡ
òźŪҪʲôȡƣҪȡǾͱŪˡ˵ȴڴ
ҶװģȡȡɴĹۿϸˡ
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üͷһ壬ִ̽Ҷ˷ϴһȴʧصҶ
ѵĴ˵ģ
ͷϵˣⱲӶõҶŷڶǰػţʾҫ
ҧгݣݺ˵СӣΪû취𣿡
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ڴĸƽԸȥժһѻڤҪСӳѻǣζ
һ˵ѻڤҶʱ𾫹⣬ѻڤԪѵȱٵһζҩģƸһ·ߵǣҲΪѰٴҩ
ǣƽӦһתȥ
Ҷѹֲסļô˵ܹνѻڤˡڵòֻҪ֪˳࣬ԺѰҲ᷽ࡣ
Сӣ֪ѻڤʲô𣿡ЦҶʵ
֪Ҷҡҡͷ
ѻڤѻ굤ġʵ֪ѻ굤ʲôõ𣿡
֪Ҷҡҡͷɲѻ굤ʲôõģȲҪ֪̤Ьٴѻڤǳɶ
ԹԵ˵ѻ굤أǱǰƶʬʱõġΪⶾʬҪӵĻҪԦǻʮѣԱѻ굤ǵѣҲͲзʶˡֻЩڷѻ굤֮ʮа˾ŻΪܲסѻ֮ʹСҵǣʬ˵ĹһµķڿԲ÷ǵ꣬Ƿģʡʡ
˵ôһѣҪʲô˼أҶЩ
㣬ѻ֮ʹɲһܳܵ˵ģȻѻڤҩԶԶѻ굤ʹȴԽʹٺٺ١Ż
ȷʵͦ˵ġҶ쵭Ȼ˵
ںڻüֻҪԹ԰ѱｻͿԷһҪȻԺÿ͸㳢һѻڤֱ㽻Ϊֹв
̫ˣϽɣСүûءҶ첻ΪȻ˵
㣡ܻ޲һһȻɲȥ˵ҶصҪı߼ֵ
ߣѻڤ󣬱㻹ôӲߵ
˵ţƽ첽Ӷ˽Ѿѻڤժˡ


586 
Ҷɴ۾Ŀֱڸƽϣÿѻڤǳɶ
ƽߵǰѻڤѻڤˡ
ι°ɡȻ˵
ǣƽӦһȻѻڤߵҶǰ
Ҷ㿴˸ƽǿźںģҺ˴СĹӣԼɷѿѰҵķҶо̾Ϣ
ҪܹҵѻڤԼӦ׽ɽϱչʦҲͲΪԼˡ
һ뵽Ҷ飬ҶĶģѾصı
ſ͡ƽһҶӱ˵˼лѡ
ҶûԾſͣϵʹϵʹеʹ
ƽѻڤҶ
Ҷ׽£ʱ֮䣬ּȿɬĸо̼ÿһζ񾭣ӲͷƤĹȥ
ѻڤһθθĸоͺаѻθȼһ㡣
ԹƬ̣ҶоԼԪܵǿҵĳָоͺϴηһϢ״Щƣȴֲͬ
һϢȻʴԪ񣬵ȴʹѻڤȴܲһҪԪ˺һʹ
һȷʵԳסʹҶԪҪκ˶ǿ̶ֳ࣬ȵʹԽܡ
ȻҶɲɵðڳһµӣҪĻû׼һŶԸǿѻ굤ˡ
ԣװʹӣ˫ֱԴڵϴﻹʹɽһԵĶֱֺǡ
СӣĸоɣٹҪ㻹ûͨĻǾͼܣֱͨΪֹеʱȡ˵űЦ뿪ɽƽǼɽҶ졣
иƽڳҶҲֻܲͣţֱѻڤĶΪֹ
ѻڤĶԲһϢһ־òɢһʱˣȻһʱɲƬ̣졣
ҶɤӶ캰ðˣװʹʵҲͦķѾģҪԺÿ춼ڵڰ죬Ҳ湻˵ġ
죬ҶֱŶ׿ӣһֱ׵
һ磬ԼȻûܴҶźôҶһѻڤȻȥ
Ҷڵ˰죬Ŷ׿ӡ
ӳʮ죬ԽԽûˣʲô·Ҷ졣
ոιҶһѻڤֶԷеƺûǰôˣֹѲСѾˣûЧֶβС
˵ţֳҶƳһۣȻͷƽ˵磬汾һͬǰɡ
ǣƽӦСʵʱͻȻ磬˵ĸòǺɣ
һУص˵ųֿܣ᱾ȥǱߴܴţûʲô˵ֻͷҶ쿴˿ԸҩЧˣȥҩŰɡ
ǣƽӦ
һգҶĳߡ
ڰʱ֣ٴ˶
Ҫȥ𣿡ƽӭǰʵ
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ϼһѱװ˶ҲˣھǶơ˵
˵䣬Ѿߵܷǰֽ̧ӡڴһâҩվһӣ
Ǹ޵ʽƵģһ˵ǲܽװȥģȻⶾʬܹսǱ˵Ѿ޽ӽ
ţֽӡ򺫷ϴһâͬҩվ𣬲δսΪǷʬ˺ɶʬģһ㶾ʬĿǰ޷ս
һڶû𣿡ƽ˿Ҷ죬Щĵʵ
Ҷһۣ˵ڵԪѾ׷סҲûͻƶڵ󷨽ơ
˵ţϺ糯ȥƽϡ
綾˵ⶴڴ󷨽ƣڶߵʱڴԼֳһĻ͸ƽ̴ĻĺҲǳͨĴ˹ȥڴĻɲǣһָڹĻһ㣬һǻһ΢档
ȶȥҶҩ˳һʩӰĦַҩ
һޱȿɽȣ˷Ƕ͵£ǵһխѷ죬ҲǽɽȵΨһͨͨǰ˰š
ɽｨм¥ͤڱǰһߵĸ¥¥ſһλ۵Ůͤͤ񶾽̶ЫЫˡ
ʱһλźɫۣŨױĨ긾ŮŮǰ
긾ŮЫЦǺǵӭӵڽÿ簡
Ȼ긾ŮǶڹѸ
ЫüղƺֱƯˣŷ۵ǽнĽڹѸЦŲҪЫȥ
Ыֽ̧ڹѸֵ㻹ðɣõҪǱһͷҪˡȻԼҲˣģЫϲڹѸһ
ڹѸ컶ЦЦƬֵ̺˵ãôƯôýƻء
ڽ㻹ǸϽȥɣءЫ˵
ǺðɣȽȥˡ˵ţڹѸŤȥ
ڹѸߣһ׷ͷʩʩȻ˹
ͷһۣ۵ؿڴͼƣұϻһϸĺߡߵԴôͷҼ̽ͷϣвͣڵӣ˫źâС۾ضǰЫˡ
Ҳ֪ͷǶϣ쾳ǿߣ첲СȻҲǷߡ
ϣ롣ΪϲϲЫҲû˵ʲôֱȥ
϶˵ֱȥ
˲ãһλ۵Ļ߶һ
׳ϣЫ΢΢һ˿ηһ񶾽̣ҲΨĵ׵η壬˵ǽҲþη֡
΢΢˵ͷȻ߽
ֹƬ̣Ÿƽͺǰ
ĶʬЫüһ壬ǹ磬սأôҲˡ
ٺ٣ȻģֻǱϺȸˣȥ·ϻ᲻ȫصشⶾʬԷ⡣ڽ͵
ߣĲ⣬ҿǱİɣЫߵ


587 
Ы˵ɵСĵ㣬ҧͷˣû߸ȥõ
ЫҲøִڷԸǰ˸ͷɡ
Ȼܹİ߽ȥǱΪξͲܴԼİʬȥء
½鷳ܴǡЫ˳˰ۣԸȽ˴
˼Ƭ̣ǹԹԵĽʬͷȻŸƽȥ
Ҷܿ㽫ڵҩųɾ
˯ȴƳڴƺӫӫ̹⣬ǸϽȥ
ʱڴֳһ͸Ļһ۱㿴ƬĻһֵָС׶׶Եȼ΢档
Ҷ۾һæǰȥһָǸСУȻһĻƤĤƵģſһӡ
ҶдϲϽҲ˫һһ󶴡
̽ͷﳯͷһȦûˣӶ˳ȥ
Ҷɿ֣ĻϵĴ󶴽ָȥʧӰ
뿪ɽҶûܣȶ㵽һѹľ̽Դܻ
ŻƵɫĿԼһ滷µľ޴ɽ֮С
ѵ񶾽̵ܲҶа⣬˵ĻӳɽҪӳɽȿҲûôס
Ҷûɢ̽⣬ֻܽŹľڻ͵͵ɽĴܣȡܾҵڡ
ɽʵ̫Ǳ˴ɽĴ
̽Դһɨܿ㿴ұϵǵѷ졣
ӦþˡҶаܳ˳򣬼ûˣܳľԣǳڷǱȥ
ûͻȻͣ˽Ųͬʱһ˿ϲɫΪŵѻڤζ
ѻڤûкǿҵζҶȽټ⼸ÿ춼óһѻڤԶ΢ζѾ൱ˡ
ͣ½ŲΧᣬܿȷζķȻȮƵģһ·ȥһҵζԴͷ
ǰһ꼰ϥߵСľͷһſźɫСӣѻڤ
룬Ҷֲժʮս䣬Ȼڷȥɲɽϵǿǲѷˡ
ڹľһһ·ʮ˳ͺ˵Ŀչһ㣬ֱڻʮԶʱҶ췽ס˽ŲΪԶԶڴš
Ҷüͷ𣬰˼Ȼ˰أҪȥɾûôˡ£Ԫ⣬Լ͸ûʲôҪ˼̫ܡ
鼱֮ʣҶһɨʱ۾һע⵽ͷơ
ƣһǴŷеģһϴũؾǸõġ
Ү˵ҪܷȥҷϵʦҮպܷ𶼳˶Ķʬ˿ԿϵʦܾܿǶ㲻ǶҲһ񶾽̵ˣôҲӦ񶾽̵ˣǿһ񶾽̵ơ
뵽ЩҶðճȡ
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ҶļһʶԼʱȻΪʱ
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ǶǰץСӣϳҶܵҶĲϡ
𼤶ֻǳ͸͸ѡҶ˫ֺٺЦȻѾԷϳǾóҲ޼ˡ
͸ߣҿҪǱӰɣһļһһڵҶ˼
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˵˵ߡһóǹ˶ҶĲӡ
ߣȥģŸոտʼĪǾҪߣˣ˴үүߺˡ˵ţҶƿ˵Ҫȥ
һæ£ߣߡ
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ٷϻǰ߱ǡóǹٴóǹסҶ첱ӣȵ
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ȥҶ춪裬ײ϶ɲǣءһ豬ѿʱһƬ
УҶϽƹڳȥ
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ӲȭžܰСһ˵
ҶϽӵ𣬲ǿɱţҵĹͷͷӻ࣬ǰЩӴ˸磬߹ǾˡһΣһ˯ѣ첲ȻԼѹˡ
ô˵ոһôûˤɢأ֮ǰҶ춪˶Ǹǹʵ
Ӧǻɢܵģոֻ⡣ٺ٣λϢŭСܸոֻ̽ǵֶѣû뵽λݣȻ鷢Ķ趼ܶ㿪治Ǹеĸ֡λ͸˲ˣȻ£治񶾽̵ġҶЦƨ
罫ɶʬķϣӾͲƽˣϽʵʵߣҪٸˣʲôУӿɾͲˡǹǹסҶĺ󱳡
λ磬СмλԲڴˣһȺ໴Сޣ߻кЩȥѵӣҪұɶʬˣǿôѽкãͷ߰ɡҶ
ߣҪǷ㣬Ǹǵóˡ
ҪɣλԲڴˣСգҪдСޣСҲţдѵӣǾòˣСյȫգҲͿĿˡҶЦ
ͱˣϽߣǹǹҶ졣
ΣҶҲֻܱѺɽȥû˿ΪȻ


588 
һŴԲǰˣһλ׷룬ȵͷ񶾽̽졣
ֱߵŮҲ񶾽̵ʥŮززֱ񶾽̻Ϲף༸λ
ȻΪŮززף壬ǰ磬ĳЩ˿ܿһ硣
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ﶼѾԱӣϵɿ˵ոлλڰæ֮гǰΪززףȻͬסһ֮ڣƽʱһʱԽͳû̸°ɡ
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˫Ŀһһɨ·Ҫ϶ǵ˼
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ȴǷԵҪĺ̻ͣսԺͣǽ˾񶾽ĺ̻ᡣ
кθ߼أЫʵ
ĺ̻֮ĹϵҲǽڽţҽ˵ǧѷĴʱӦϣĺ̻һĴ
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Ы˵ûҽ˼ھӣʲôɫӦöһڶҽ˵ӦĲĺ̻ᣬϡ˵
ţڹѸ˵СĽûдֻǸðյʱǵôȥһģҪһֱɽʱгͷ֮ء
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ЫڵԵûԶѣҲûԶĵˣδܳΪѡҽĺ̻սô꣬ϿΪһʵ޷ǾΪ档ֻҪܵõ棬ĺ̻϶Ըϣкβɡ
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£ŮӾǰǽҶ벻ˡ
ϵЫڿҶһɲǣʱͺǿɱһ㡣
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ʵЫЩòռľ綾ΪͻƣȻͻƹؼʱ̵ʱҶͻȻɽܵԪһңԭԸͻƵЩ綾ȻɣǾͱо綾ˡ
ЫŭյʱززȴԵ쳣˷ܣҡĸ첲еүүүүززū
ҶúգȻûϵѾͷȻǵ⵵£Ȼûزز취ӹЫһء
ززĻɻʵززϵ𣿡
زز˵ͷȻϵϴزز˵Ǹūѽүү㲻ǵززϴβǸһȤĹǣǰɽɽи
ϽסززͣȻЦ֪ˣүүѾˡ˵Ҷ쿴ȥ
ҶЦá
Ȼû˵ЩʲôȴʶСزز֮ƺĳЩĹϵΪ֦Ͻ˵ȷʵץƶʬģ֮ǰ½ɽҲ֪ʲôӸӳˣѺȥ˵ĸƽԸѺضȥɡ
ǣƽӦһҪҶȥһԵЫȴǽţ
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ֻҪ˫־ͳˡЫȻشٻϴɽԷᱡһĻЫϷһĨΣŭɫҲǸ֡
Ҷ챳Ԫ⣬ǶԷҪôҲǺ޻֮
ҵǣǲ鷢ġ
ЫҪǿ˫֣Ǳôƶʬ˵
£޹ءЫ˲ΪȻ
ߣǱץģɲյ
ЫǸʲôأȻ˷ǵÿ˫ֵĵزڹѸЦʵ
Ыһ죬һݵӡ
Ƭ˼Ы˵ϴͻΪʱ򣬱ˣȻҪˡ
ȻԷû˵Ȼ͵úúһ㣬ҶаЦ˵Ů㣬֮񻹲ֹ°ɣǶԷҪĺҲ½ȫ


589 
Ыһʱ߳ŭ侯ǸҺҾͰͷ
ҶüͷһƤЦ˺ܳʵģңҿǻʵʵ˵Ŷ
Ыֱҧһᣬҽɱ㣬㻹ô˵˵ţλҪҶ췢𹥻
ҶûʲôúµģȻ֪ǲԹ۵ġ
ʵҲˣһЫ˳֣ǰЫǵ𣿡ԷӣȻղѡ
Ы˶˵̧һӣһֻƵľЫ˳˽ƵЫӻڳɳڣĿǰֻʥʵ
ԷޣҲǺɵĻʬ˽ƵЫǰͬʱ˵б붯Сһë
ͷ⻰˵òҸжᰡҶЦ˵ֿЫˣƵӣһëҲˣȻǲӦðͷβϸϸ˵أҪڲ˵Ļұɶʬ֮󣬿ɾû˵ˡ
ô˵޷ǾΪ˼ŭЫˣԴЫ붾֮ս
ңЫ˫Ŀ⣬ûţͳȥҶʬˡ
ûʲôҵģҽ˵ʲôҲҡҶټԷЩɻ䶾ӣֽһ̼ʵģأ³Աû¾ȥɽͷɢɢɢſһɽΪЩС˵ÿÿдɽĵطܻһЩأֻǷһЩ֮顣ÿοɽȥתһתҿûʲôأһȻҲ⡣ǣ¾ڴ߽ɽɽ˹գ൱ճ˵Խɽﰵرأ߷ĿԾͻԽ»ż첽ɽȥһչʮ˵䣬ڵִɽͷǲʲôû¾Ȼһ绨Ĵˡ
ЫѾŭɶҶ˵ȥĿŭȵұ죡
Ů㣬Ÿոսʲأұǵ˴ҵθҶ컵Ц
ٸ˵һ֣߳šЫѾ׼ŭˣȻʵҶٸ˵ȥȻ᲻һеس֡
ʱλϵĺڹѸȴǿЦЫøλ֮ʲôɸ˵ܰ
Ыŭ۾ݺݶҶ죬ĿеɱҪŨжŨ
ҶĿΪ˼Ы붾֮սȻᱻԷһ仰סٺһЦڹѸ˵λ㻹ǲ¶ˣλŮ֮ȷʵһЩȽݵ顣Ѿʱղ࣬ݣҲ÷ˣҪȻɾûˡʵأɽ
Ы޿ּ̣ȡһľֱҶ췽մȥ
ۼֿ죬Ы˳֮ʱȡǼľЫ˵ľϮȥ
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âէţͬʱ˿ЫֻƵЫҲǷšСضǰĶʬ
˫ҶֵȻԵõԹս
һ£Ы˲δݣעԪҶȥ
ӹᵲ˱չ˵ڶغϵĽ档
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ȻۺʵЫȻԶԶģΪóĲսǲٿضʬ
£ûжöʬҪȻЫ˿ɾûôˡ
˫׼չغϵĽʱԺס֣
˫ŹԹ֡
ЫԾɶݺݵصҶ죬һδݵӣǽضҶ췢ͻϮ
Ҷ쿴ȥ޷޵˵ˣĻɲС
ǰˡҶӦܶԷǿǱᣬȨˡ
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Ȼû쿪ڣززȴ˵үүүүҪū档
תһ룬ǺЦúúãүүһˡ˵ţתͷȥ˵ӦòƶʬɣҪززһɡ
üͷ壬ЩĵСӾĺܣʥŮȻδ浣ززİΣǵıҶˣСߡ
ҿΪѾˣҲֻǸͨ˶ѣʲô¶ززء˵бڣҲˣʲôС˵
ֻǣСӶ¼ΪҪҪǱЫöϸ첲ȱȣ¿ɾʧˡȻģЫ˼ȻҵԼ֣Լһߣǻˡ
һòŲģԻᱣȫŵ
ȻԷѻ˵ˣǶҲٶ˵ʲôֻܼԸشӦǺðɣٹ
ˣûµĻյ͵ɡ˵
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ʱЫ˻ҶҶ챳ϽЦǸŮ㣬ղֻڽ¶ѣǧҪ档
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Σʱ̣Ыס֣
ܺܲԸЫ˻ǹԹɿ֡
ȴززطȥɡַԸ
үүҪū档زز˵
ززԣȸЫطȥүүеҪ̸̸츧ززԴ˵
ŶززԹԴӦ
ЫҶݺݵһۣȻʹززȥ
Ы˴زز뿪Ҷֱʵǰкأ
Ҷ԰ɣʵ
Ҷ쵭һЦ˵ûҶ죬Ȼǰܹ˵֣Ҳ֪µݰɣ
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ǰк¾ֱ˵ɡҶƽ˵
û˵̽ĳһƣֱӴҶ츹
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ʲôҶ첻ʵ
쳤̾һ˵˵Ϸй׵ĹƶʱѾˡ
ôһ˵Ҷ쵹֮ǰ˵¡


590 Լ
ǰѵΪҲ޷ѹס׵Ĺƶ𣿡ҶɻԷΪ񶾽̽ΪҪȹ׸߳࣬˵Ӧܹѹס׵Ĺƶ
һĹƶϷȻֻǹϷµĲһƶһֳΪƵعƶ˵
ƣҶЩֹ֪Ʒͬһ㡣
һĹƶ壬ȴһʴƣһǱ޷׽˵ˡ콲
ȻĹƶȻǰǿ߶޷ǹ޵ˣҶʶ׵Ŀ¡
ǺǣʵҲû˵ôأȻ˵ƵʱҪߵһ˿꣬ҲݵʱҲҪķѾԹǲֹ̫Ƶġ˵
ԭˡҶͷ׹⣬ӦúЩƣҪþвݡΨһͬǣģȴǻģֻһԼȥִУͺǿһ㡣
Ȼ޷׽ǰǺ֪Լ˻أҶɻʵ
ڼǰϷ͸оԼľԽԽܾƺʲôڣϸоȴʲôҲ̽ⲻһʼϷΪֻǲ͹ȣЩήҶѣϢһʱ״̬ǵûܵõתøΪˡǣϷ;ЩԾѰ˼ãǲǹڰϷ˻ơƿ̽⣬ϷҲ¶ۡϷԹʮ˽⣬¼ΪϽϷ˻ƣȻȿǺñϷ֮·ϷǰΨһ·ززҪЮ뵽㣬Ϸæزز壬Ȼڷ˻ơ쳤̾һмְˣַŭмҲ·ɣࡣ
ǰززڷֻƵأҶɻʵ
ϷڵĻƴڻԾ״̬ܹ̽⣬ززڵĻƻ״̬УȻصúϸ̽⻹ֵܹġش
Ȼ״̬»ᱻ̽⵽ǹΪβززڵĻƾѣټأҶЩס
ΪһѣͱʳȡززȻϷǿҪ˶þͻᱻƸʳһҲ޷ززҪЮϷˡ͵
ԭû뵽ϼһﾹȻմҶá
ҡͷ̾ϢǹƶǱҽ̸ǿ̲ģΪҲΪ˱ɡ
Ҷ˵ͷȻת⣬ʵǰ֮ǰ˵ʲô˼أ
Ϸչزز⺢ҲϷΨһĲµˡˡ
ΪҪأҶ첻
ЩϷһֱѰƵİ취һЩ֣ززδѵĻΪ޷أԻа취ģֻҪѴʱ䡣ĿǰĽӦֻҪʱ䣬ͿԽززڵĻƳˡ콲
Ҷ콫ͷβۣʵǰ˼ǣҪĽصȻززǰɣ
ˣȻδػ˳ΪһززڵĻƱױȻµʱⲻһսҲò̫ģϷȫ뿪ġ˵
ѵǰͲһ֮Ҳ𣿡Ҷ̽ʵʵǵĶԷǲҲڰиԼʲô涾ϾԼԵ񶾽̽
ǺһЦֱ׵ʵڵϷǲǻ¶ķʽ԰ɣ
ҶЦʵ˵ȷʵǡ
һòŵģϷ򲻻ַʽ㣬ֲõˣϷԸززһĽϷҲܰĽززиˡɫ˵
Ҷ˵ͷʵǰշߣָأ
ЩͽѣϷֺʲôп
˵ҲǡҶͷͬ
ǾôԼˣϷĽ죬ززڵĹƶϣ׼ʱҶ죬Ҳ˵ҶѾززΨһˡ
ֻҪûʲô⣬һᾡġҶŵ
˵ͷȻ˵Ϸʹܵ뿪Ϸɡ
ǣҶȥ
Ϊ¥ɽһǽɽ֮ڣúһʯͨ
Ҷ˹գһʯ
ʯҿһ鷿ܣϰ顣
ߵһյڵǰ˳ʱһŤһ¡¡ܾ໺Ųܿ¶ں󷽵һһ׼ͨڡ
ֻҪֱͨ߾뿪ɽˡ˵ţִӴȡһŵͼݸҶ죬˵ŵͼϱע˳λԼһЩ·ߣ뿪֮㾡߰ɡ
Ҷӹͼſ˿Ȼս˴䣬ǵǰ¾ˡ
֣صص˵ͷȻû˵ʲôǴ֮бԿҶ컹Ǽġ
Ҷͨһֽͨڹ
صЫϴŴſڣһ˼ӡ
ززѾ˯𣿡ǰʵȻЫԱߵ
ţҲеˣطûþ˯ˡЫ˻شʵ常СأЫ˴Сͱ˽³Ϊ常
ˡƽػش
ţˣЫһ졣
常ôܰأЫüԹ
һһСڣ²豭󻺻˵Ҹ˸Լ
ԼʲôԼأЫʵ
ԼĽ죬ززߡ˵
常ǼһɲʲôöҿһõġЫҶȻʲôûɫ
ܿǸֵˣҲʵˡŵ
ҪʵĻͲᱻץˡЫû
ǰҷҲ˵˰ɣʵ
ңĪľЫЩɣȻԷòĻΪƣЩţǸشɽǿΧ֮°Ȼ꣬Ȼ޳ܵĻ쵰
дģ˳ɾͣպǰ;쾪̾
ߣ޳ܵļһʲôɾ͡Ы˲ĵ
Ȼ常֪֮ʲôԹززܲƽҲͿˡص
常ûʱҲһززƽ뿪ġЫ˵
Ҳ֪ι״ͷҶΪϵľ飬ഫıǧС֣˵
常ģززľҶȥġЫĵ
常ǲ㣬ֻε̫̫ǿ常ڻɽȣҲ޷ȫ·ԣһܹƽȥ˲С˵


591 
常Ҫھ뿪ɽȺˡЫ
ҡҡͷ˵ҪǾô뿪ĻױȻززڵĻƾѣʱɾһ˿ϣҲûˡ
Ы˰˵صͷ
Ҳ̫ˣǻʱ䣬ϣҪʲôӲźð˵ţһԡ
常û°ɣЫ˹ĵ
˰֣£ֻǰززƶķ˲پľɻָˡ
常ǧҪעԼӣҪ㵹ˣһжˡЫǵ
˵ͷ˵ĺˣڣ常ǲᵹµġ˵ˣҲЩȥϢɣ常Ȼطˡ
常ҷطЫǰ죬˳ȥ
Ǻͨﴩãǿ˳ڡ
Ҷ첽ͨһôãؼˡ
ʱҹʱ֣ϡҶ¹һɨȷ󣬱ֱ汼ȥ
һֱ߿ԵִﶫھأѻڤѾ֣ԪѵҩҲͼˡԣҶֱǰ׽ɽչ꣬ԭڱչ֮ǰȻǵȳ˪˪Ѻ¡ϸ룬Ǿðգκһ˾ⳡս
ҵĳʱǣһ죬Ҵʧ
ϲɽ룬龧ҡ
һˣԼָһˣȫۼڿҴ϶Ž֮ɫ
ã̲ס磬ҪǾתذɡ
̾˿˵ʵû취ĻҲֻˡ
涼ҵˣóȻȥĻǻΣաָǵ
ϼһ϶Ѿ֪⸽ͨڼĴѰҪǼ»Σա˵
ڲɽһۣһʱӦԷ֣֮䴥ǵ±ڡĻǾһᱻͽֻҪһֱסڶң˽ֱɱˡȻٳȥûˣеĻҲһɱˣĻǶӦǲᷢҵġү
үڵǿУֻǲǳ֮ƣһǷֲʧ٣ǱضӴѲȡ˵
ĿǰҲֻǶˣǷֲǵʳﴢҲάֲ˼졣ָ˵
ھʱŰɣʱӦˡ
˷׷׵ͷʾͬүŴȷ߷ߵҪϼһڣƾǵʵȫԽЩɱƬײ
Ҳû취ؾԲǿ߿ɲöԸү˵
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܻߵʱеؾԲΪҲӦ쾳ΪˡһǵʵҲͲԺƥˡָڴ
ǰǵؾǿߵѾԽңͲ쾳ǿˡȻ˵쾳ǿ߲֣һȫ濪սĻҲûôˣҪû쾳ǿߣٶĵؾǿҲ¡̾Ϣ
˵ִᣬǲǸȥմأ²ʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ⶼЩϼһûʸμҲ͸ֲˡԻǲҪȥðˣһϴһҵ˸ϳǿɾ鷳ˡ
˵ǣΪ˰ȫǻǱȥˡ˵
үȴʵȥμҲδɣ˵һִѡγлֽ붫̽չսѵͷֻҪԸΪ鷳ĴҲȻվһߡÿԽλᣬֽǵš
⵹Ǹ뷨˵ȥμִ𣿡ӷʵ
үҡҡͷųģѱлֽ磬ǻţᱻӡ
ү˵ûĿǰȷʵǲˡָͬ
ѵȡһ𣿡ӷʵ
иֳɵأүŹ˵
ֳɵģ֮⣬ǻȡ𣿡үͷƤɻ
үȥЦ˵磬֮
˶۾һ
ⲻ˥ô꣬ǸöɽˡӼ
˵ͷһҲڴ顣
Ǿôˡָ¶ۡ
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ǰ֡Ϊ׵ؾ
һǰָү̳Ϊ˵ؾǿߡ
ʮλؾǿߣеؾǰǿˣؾˣΨһӵŵؾΪ
ԭǴһֱôȥֱҶΪֹȻڲǰҲ֪Ϊʲô£һң֪
£Ϊ׵һȺפңЩ۵˿Уص֪⸽ͨҺܿѲˡ˴ĴѰҹְأ㵼һ˱˵龧֮ڡ
ʱۣѹȥ
䣬СС¡
ССǿ˴ܱõһ˵Щ©磬һŽл붫֮Ϊĳˮضչ˵Ľ𣬴Ӷлֽ붫̽罣š
ȻҪģҪ¡
ǰͻȻʧ٣䲻
ǰڴֵͳһʡڵƶʡչļƻ
νһ˵õȮ죬˵ţΪʽԮ˿عɺʹؼţҲ֮ʡһ·̲һЩССĲţڶ̶Ϊ˲š
ΰĵĸ£ԵĹ;Ҳһ·˳磬βʡʡ湫ææ⡣ȻǿߺλãԲδ˶壬Ծɺһ˽ֻø߲Ϊʵ£ֲܾķʽλá
緢˷츲صı仯ڽҲͬǶ
սҲӰڽȶȻĿǰĵ۹Ͷ孵۹δʽս˫֮Ѿǻҩζʮ㡣
ĵ۹ڲȴǷϣɷ֮սȻʮּңĺ̻񶾽֮ìܵԻһЩ
ȻܵĻңȻǲδκսĻ̡̻ǶҶͨһֱϹԽԽԵýȣ˵ʱϵԽΣվԽ󡭡
׽ɽϣҶһ꣬衣
ǰӳ񶾽֮󣬾ֱ׽ɽϣȻǽǿڴѾõԪѵƳ
ԪѵԪɹһΪҲζŴ̾׵˵ڶС̾
һʼҶ˫Ԫ״̬Ǻϰߣоƾնһֻһ㣬ԵüΪŤö֮ҲϰΪˡ
ӵ˫Ԫ֮󣬴̾׾ҲͿͬʱˣһԪ̾һԪǿ׾


592 
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ǰ׼ָҪʱʽʱ޷ʩչײܹģӵ˫Ԫ񣬾Ϳһˡ
䣬ҶԼҹΪѴ쾳Բ
㾪˵ٶԽȫʿѪҶԼһжԤ֮еġ
ȣûûҹѵʱ䣬Ҳ൱һʿʮˡ
Σ˵Ũ׾żİͺñһʿҺһ㣬ټϵҲһǧˡ
ʵʵĻҶ첢ź񣬶ɾͣҲֻصĽϡ仰˵ôص£ûнΪĻǿɾ˵ȥˡ
߷ǰףһ峿٣ÿÿʱҶ춼ͣ±ϷҲ⡣
紵һͷֶĳλ·ܹԼϷˣĳ
ˣҿǸְĸװҶΣ
ʱƮһӰһ׸ߣͨâ˸Ȼ׻ꡣ
Ҷ׻ʵСӣǰ˵֮ԼҲ쵽˰ɣʲôʱɽأ
ǿ쵽ˣٹɣҽϵŨٷ֮ʮ׵ҲͿٷһˡҶش
СҲãԪͷҪ̾ѳ˫Ԫ񣬱治ҽ״ڸ㡣׻˵
ǰֻϧϴδҴұûüлǻлӦúúøмҶ̾Ϣ
һ㾡ܷĺˣˣϴ̾ʱ˵и㣬Ծ㲻ȥҲġ׻ѵ
Ҷ˵ͷֲԪǰΪôߣҲ֪кҪиҡ
иƯŮŮͽʲôģҪȥչ˰ɡ׻꿪Ц
ҶǺһЦ˵ҪȺ£ﻹֵõҡ
СӣŶȥأǻǰɲô˵׻ֺ˽ҶĿ˵
ǰŶȥأҶֹû˵ʲô־Զһ˿ݣԴҶǴôһ˿ˡ
׻ܹҶ仯̾һ̧죬˵һ꼴٣̫ƽˣ콫˹ҲСصԶ˵㻯һâɽǿ׵С
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ৣ
Ӱڴзɿ챼ţֽ
㣬ǲҪأ־ֵʵ
ģôνǶͦ˹Ҳһ԰ȫġο
ǣĳϼǿߣǸĶ֡ԵЩ
ϴε쾳ǿߣҲɱҲһӮġ϶˵
˵ţһ˷ǲѷˣԹ־ܰɣ
䣬Χһɳɳ죬ܿ죬һ߳ǰԨӵ쾳Ϊ
æͣ˽ŲĶǰԨӦս׼Ƕɪɪ
ǰŮԨ̾û뵽ǽûκεҩ£Ȼڶ̶̤֮쾳ǵ껹ǿˡ
ߣ֪Ѿ̫ˣעǵĳУһɱһһ죬ǽɱңɱƬײ˵
֮ǰҿǽ峤ı⣬صǡԨ˵
ΪǻǵĹԴǽǽؽεһұѾǵĵˣԶĵˡĿ㣬û˿Ķҡ
Ϊ̥Ҳֻ˵ŪˣҵѡҲǱΡԨһ˿ź˵
龰òÿ£ָʱǸ̥Ȼ׼ʱͻȻֻ˹ԭΪ汣ӲŸģǣļڣֳ״̬
Ļˣֳ״̬ʱ־ʧߵ˶ĸҲС
ŽǵûܵõϼӾ磬Ϊ»ֲ̿ҲֻܽؽΡ
Ȼ˵ҵѡȷǳΣǽ뿪ңѡȨˡǸڳǰధϣܹ뿪ңɽ룬ȴûܵõ
ڵ˺üֱ꣬ʮűǸ׸͵͵ȳңҲˣǵĸײŻᱻؽΡ
ԴҺ󣬽ŵո׵ķԸӵ磬Ź˼԰ݵ
òǰʵģǲǳΣǵΪѾԶܵõǵԭ¡߷˵
ǲΪԼǣҲΪǸ룬Ϊ˾Ƕڵʮ꣬ѵĿһֱصΪֹǻһ˿֪Ļ͸ùԹԸϷȥֻܾǸסԨȰ
ǳȥȸ׵ģַʽҪ˶ãǾͻƽҡȼŭ𣬳жڻʮܻ꣬ġ
ԨɫȻϷȰǲ飬ǾݹϷ򲻿ˡ
ã׼֣һԼҲǺɵĵԪ׼ʽ
ߣǲԨһֳ̧צŮȥʽҪһ֮ڽŮá
ۿԨҪ嵽ǰ̧֣ǰĳһƣȣŮɢ
ʱ䣬һɰԪӿ˲仯ۺɫ꣬ǰԨϮȥ
СԨмĺߺһͬʱצΪȭȭͷ棬ӭϮĻݺȥ
䣡
£䣬Щ˲䱻ɢӣһƮ㣬ԨĻȭδϮȥ
̧һӣЩɢĻִ˷۶ǰ۳ɶܡ
أ
ػ֮£лٴαɢ
ԨԭûʹȫʽѱĥҲǳ嵽ǰ
ɢܺԨûʩչκʽֱͽץȥΪǻ׽Ů
ԨצҪײǰԪʱոձɢЩȴֵɻһ㣬˷ԨϮȥ
ԨѲЩ겢򵥣ǽĳԪܡ
ɲ֮䣬ײԨԪϣһᡱ졣
ԨǣЩ꾹綤һ㣬ӲĶԪϡ


593 
ûԨӾ֮лعѳһɻɵĳ̶
ᣡ
곤ֱӴԪܣԨϮȥ
Ԩд󺧣ôҲ쾳ǿߣӵŷḻʵս飬ԣ״ҲܼطӦ
ֵĳϮǰ֮ʣԨѸٳˣͬʱԪĳһƣᡱһЩԪϵĻȫˡ
Ԩһ˳ʮףͣ£ʱЩɢĻѻصߣţŮɢһѤʡ
û뵽ǻصʽѹϴ쾳ǿҲǸɱˡԨ̾
ˣ͸Ͻɡȵ
ߣǴԲѣȻǵʽʮأϷǰͲֵһᡣϷٸһλᣬֻҪǹԹԸϷȥԻᲹǸŮǲʶôĻһϷʹУϷɲܱ֤ǵԨѵ
Ҳȥġᶨ˵
ȻˣϷҲòٶѴˡԱϣԨȡһɫӣҪˡ
ֶһۣȻԼͬɢ˴СӰΣϬֻһ񣬱׶Է⡣
Ԩδ˵ľٶֱ򳤹עԪ˰档
Ԩ֣ѾʹĻ꣬˷Ԩơ
֮ǰѾʶЩԨû˿ʹԪ𣬽ԪܱȼγһԪܡ
һͣԨȫ˷ϮĻֱ꣬Ӿٹǰȥ
ЩһԨԪϵĻ˲ҷ𣬿һĻû˷ԪνĹ̽ǰһץл걻ջУ۳һǹ
ʱѻӽԨϮȥԨһ˦һߣַɳȥ
ǳû̽ǹԨȥԨѸչӭĳǹ
ᣡ
ǹײһɲǼ䣬ǹϵĻ걻Űɢ˷һۡ죬֦ҶĻϣЩˮͰһֵҲǱ׶ɲ֮䣬Բʮ֮ڵľǧٿףһǼ
ĳǹԨֹϮȥ࣬Ѿߣٴγȥ
ȻϵĻܹ»ϮδܹǱ۶ɵĳԨǽսӭ
ݵĽ棬ѾʶԷʵǿ֪ȥǱɵġ
ѵľô𣿡鱯ݣȻ֮ʣǰֵĲҽ
˲ѹѭȥֻ־ѵѪ
ãһֳȥָܵǰ
ŻѪŴʵ㣬ǲҪˣ
ҡҡͷģ㲻ģġ
㣬ҺۣѾˡ˵
ãˣˣǾҲˡ§֣˵ؿ
Ԩûٽһߣ˵Ƿ³֪պαصҪ³Ҳһ
ֵ۾ϣ˫ҲشȥȻɲǣ壬ֱӴڡ
һһεɢȻ䣬ΧϵĿ֦Ҷʧȥһ㣬ȫڿո
ԨüͷȻƺΣһ㣬ʶ˿ס
»֣վһӣڿе֦ҶˢˢԨȥ
Ԩһ˦ǹһ߳ĻΧϮЩ֦Ҷ˲㱻پһȻڵϮȥҪɱ
ȻԨӵǻ׽ԽãܵΣյʱǻԥĽԷɱ
£ɢĿֲЩ棬ʶԼǰԵһΪµĶ֡ˣŻѡɱ
ӭϮĻ̧ȭͷǰջһȭֻءһ;ĻͽȻѣĻĴɢʱΧľߵȼһȻӿ
ԨأԷֹĹʽΪ֡
˼Ƭ̣ðչæעԪȻ㳯ȥ
Ŀ͸¶ŨŨɱ⣬˫۾·ܹɻһ㣬Ԩһ¶ԽǿָоԽǿңڱƽǰԶʱԨоԼ궼ЩɣԷɢֹһ־Ҳ˵ľ쳣ǿ
ԨҧأӲͷƤȥ
ԶʱٴλȭϮȥһεȭͷϼǰԨȥ
һȭƽƽ棬ȴǼǿľ񹥻ԨֻǰԪ͵һԼǱ޴һ㡣ǿľԨûټǰ壬æ󷽳ˡ
ԶסŲԨڴϾӵ쾳ΪѾһҪǿࡣԣ֮ǰʵԵ˺Ҳֻܽѡ
Ԩûټ𹥻ҪֻǵȴΪ״̬ʮ˽⣬ǿľ˶ñ˥ȥʱҪҲ׾ˡ
ȻҲԼȱݣɲԴУԷԷȥ
ԨĴʱ䣬ΪҪ㿪Ĺѡ
׷ʱƬľѱûŨžı˷
ľĵü죬ûãѾ¶ƣӡ
ٴˣԹԸϷȥɡԨ㿪ĹȰ˵
ȫûĻȥ
׷˼غϣͻȻһ̱ڵأԴ˻ҽʮʹӡ
״̬ûãƽʲôµһ㣬¶ֺãȻ֮ɫ
ŵĴӵ»ˣѰʲôƬֵ̺ؽк㣡
ԶԨһ죬ü˼Ƭ̺۾Ȼһ૲²ѵ˵ղڣپһ϶ĵ˵ͷ˵ԭˣѹ־״̬ÿζֽ״̬Żᱻã꼫ΪƣԵֵ뵽ں󣬾ͻ˼ľҲͼΪˡֻǣֵΪλ뵽أ
Ѱ˼Ҳûҵ𰸣ԨҲûټ˼嵽ǰ㼸£סļѨλȻ㿸뿪Ƭ𺣡


594 ɽ
׽ɽҶ쾲վ־ǰϣϣһС׵
£۾Ķ׵򣬾ڽпʵĿѧһ㡣ʱâ˷Ĵȥ뵽׵С׵ۿɼٶȳɳţƬ̾ͳԴСɳƻͣ
ֹƬ̣׵ѾˮͰһڣֹͣͣΧâϻ۶ȫ׵̰ʳ
˴׵ĸͷǵûٳɳʼССͬʱ׵еԽԽŨܣϷâҲȻޱȱ꣬Ұһ㡣
ҶԽأͷҲð˶ĺ飬ȻѾǵһγףȻҵġΪǼΣյʽвܱըûҷ𣬵ʱܲܽЩϻǾͲö֪ˡ
ʽΣգ׻ܣһеҲǲСһ㣬ҶŲɵģûеǵ׵ɢĿֲϢ֮ˡ
ȻһʵҲûǰΣգֻҪйоصİķָʾʩչҲܵţһ˵ǲġ
׻֮ҪȵҶ˫Ԫٽдڸһǿǵӵ˫Ԫ󣬾㹻ǿ󡣶ʩչڼ䲻ܵţӵ˫ԪĻһԪȫעʩչס
˵˫Ԫ񣬲òἰǰС̾
ǰ׽ɽʱҶƳԪѵ˫Ԫ״̬̾Ҳֹ̳С̾·;ҪңԶࡣ
棬ɹҲֻ˰ʱͽ̳Բˡ񣬲߲ݵ꣬С̾ȴֻһ롣
ֻ̳̾ǹţΨ̤С̾󣬲ʽֻϧΪƣҶ̾ҲֹֻС̾
̾ȻʮֻԪ嵹ǳɳ˲٣ǽȡ
ܿ죬Ҷ׵СȭͷССֹͣΧҲ׵۹׵ԭѾȶΪ˼ǣ׵һΪɫڲȴī֭һڣ߶ŨԵʡ
һ㣬׵̺֮ˣԿ϶ǣ׵ܶѾҪԶʤɽĴǿ
Ҷ쳤һ˲ͷϵĺˮ׵ֻȭͷСҪ۵ȳ̶ȣҪĴҶĿǰľѾǿ󣬵һԪо
Ѿȶ״̬׵Ҷ쾪̾ϵﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ׵Ȼ˲١
ϵﵽٷ֮ʮʱ׵ͻΪɫǸʱҲ͸Ӿˡ׻һ˵
ϵֻҪﵽٷ֮ʮ׵ͻȫ𣿡ҶԵЩɻ
ˣٽɡ׻ش
Ǵﵽٷ֮ʮأҶʵ
ͱˣĿǰĽⱲҲδߵõһ׻û
Ҷ˰Ѻֻʹﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ´ٱչʮꡢʮ꣬ҾͲŴﲻٷ֮ʮ
ٷ֮ʮ֮ǰǼ򵥵ģӰٷ֮ʮ֮Ǵ粽ˣٱչʮܹ꣬ﵽٷ֮ʮͺ˲ˡ׻ش
˵ô𣿡Ҷʾɡ
ʮꡢֻ꣬תһ˲Ҫﵽˮƽ̸ס׻̾Ϣ
Ҷʼ˵ˣٷ֮ʮѾţˣͽŰɣֲҪء˵ţֿ׵򻺻ͣͷų
ͷɲףΪͷŵٶȲ̫Ҳ̫ҪȻֱܻܿӱը
ֹ˼ӣǿ׵ɢʱԪľҲľˣҶǸԪдָ̾
ʱ׻ѵɽԣʩչҪ࣬ɽ֮ʩչ׵ʱٵһ
ûϵСݰæռӦҲҪ̫áҶӦ̾˿˵ֻǾ׵ˣλ񶾽̵ȰѾ׵һС
ȻϵѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮǷ׼ɽأ׻ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵֮ԼѾûˣǸɽˡȻ׻ʵأǸһɽǼɽ
Ѿڻ˴һԾ͸һߺˡð𣬱ǲ˷ˡ׻겻ĵľ
ҶЦЦӦ֪ˡ
ʵҶȻ׻˵֣ʵΪΣʱ̳֣ԲѡԼһɽΪԼһʲôĻ͵Զ׽ɽˡ
׻껯һâҶ壬Ҷͷ˿ƬĵطȻȻת±ȥ
˾ţ֮£ԭҶȥɳĮСںСϣϸһ룬ǾΪȴ񶾽֮ºȻ磬ˣҲʱûȥˣ˳ǴЩҩȥ
ǰ񶾽֮ǰҶȥƸһˣźǵ
׽ɽƸڲԶҶĿǰĽò˶ʱܸϵ
һ·û˿飬ߵüֱߣһЩ̫ߵɽ޷һԽŻƵʱϵƸڣ϶񣬴϶ñ̤ƸڳǶš
һ֣Ҷڴµķ¼ѳʷѾٱἰ
˳żе·ߣҶ¥ȥ;·ӶЭᣬǸаŮ
פӶЭĴ￴˿Ϊ
ջĿ⣬ǰȥܿ˿¥ݣһ㶼û䣬ȴţſϻǹǿңֻǱǰɫࡣ
ҶվǰһλСӭǰʵ͹٣Է𣿡
СǸףҶʵϰŮǽŰɣ
ҶôһʣСһ˿֮ɫȻҶ쵱ǳòĵͽˣΪƽʱ˹ˡ
ȻСɲὫֳԾɹڵЦͷǵĿ͹٣ϰŮȷʵǽš
Ҷû˵ʲôֱȥ
͹پֻʣ߽һλˣûɣСںͷҶʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ǣСȥ
µ˾ƲˣСߺҶɢһɨָȻڹ̨æŽˣڳæһоͺ͵һ


595 
Ҷû¶棬˴ιֻΪ˿ŵֻҪһаãǾ͹ˡ
ûãС˾Ʋˡ
ҶӸ׼ԣɾʱҲ෽ͻȻžһӵ죬һºȵСӹ
ԭĴʱ˶ѭ˹ȥ
ʱһСС󺺸ǰЦͷѯʵ͹ʲô𣿡
Ӹող˵ЩҪֹ³赱ӵĻǶ߷ǰɣŭȵ
Сæ͵͹٣Щ˵ȷֹġ
ҿںŪӣЩôҲֹġɵ
Էôһ˵СһѹҲģǸЦ˵͹٣СôҺŪأЩ˵ȷȷֹġ
Ӳţȥֹг
⡭С¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ôˣӾ˵һںŪӡߵ
ʱָϽӭ͹٣Ҫҽ˰ЩˣСŮΪһݣ㿴𣿡
绹ȥ㳡أй㳷·ϻϽŮг󺺲ͷ
ָһΣϸ룬зɽһҲҺǾϵСʹ˸ɫȥų
Ȼô󺺵ȴһڴؿųſڣһŷݡ
źܿӳ˳ȻصΧȹǻɫɽдЩǿÿˮ
߳ɨһۣĿ䶨Ǵϣ̾һε˹ȥ
һ˫˫۲ĿŻŲţ˴ǰ
͹٣ʲôԸ𣿡žЦʵ
󺺲˲ǵĿˮ˿ĭ̾˵¥ֹɫͷĳеһƴһȻ鴫
͹ٹˡǳЦ˵ʲôԸ˵ɣһȥæء
󺺸ɿָָЩʵЩ˿ģ
ŵ˵ͷشȷʵСŮġȻҲֻڷܶԷˡ
ƭˣΧȹһնûУôܻġ󺺻ɵ
ϵָæ˵͹٣ֻҪ˺θھͳˣǲСŮģкء
ôû𣬸ոӳŵֹģⲻƭ˿󺺵۲
͹٣Ҫ˱겻ģҪΪѱꡣָҲֻϢˡ
ɴȴǲˣһ˵ǿѲٷԲ𣿡
ָҲ䵭ʵ͹٣Ҫأ
üͷһţЦҪɣֹ֧裬ӾԷˡ
ããֹϽ裡
Ƿ׷
üæʵڱǸСŮӲ衣
ҪǲĻǾڴүһ¡Ц⡣
УҪÿ϶һһӸ͵
ֵܣѵ֪СͷзŰɣȰʿɶָֹ
֪ô᲻֪أı־ǽءֻӣѱﻹйС¡󺺲ΪȻ˵
˽ŵǰ󣬷żڳĹ㳡ȫԱ̸УҿսǷƸڵһˡ
ɲǣżҼż쾳ǿߣ»һλһ쾳ǿߣƾ֮⡣
żҺҲҵĸɣ
ûڴССĳﶼΪͨϴ˺ҵλš
СӼֱͨ󰡣ȻĴ¡
˵ǳ춯صĴսҲǴΪ
ʵ̫ˣȥʵҲ֪ﵽ˺εȵز

ԽԽ⣬ƺǰ⵵¡
ҶһԱ߾Щ˵ۣȻƸפȻȥһˡ
ĵת⣬ָȻʵôҪЮ𣿸㣬ӾŮҲûйǡ
ָɫΪ֮ˣڴѹǷˣ˵ֱ׳
һͣҲ˲䰲ڽ磬֮ѹȷʵʲô֮¡
žƬ̣һ߿ȰϵܣЦҲͰˣ̫ˡ
ǵؾԲʿֻеؾΪȻҸа壬Ҳδʹ˰ݣƲƲ˵ǲ֮ˣйȣƭӣŮ֧赱Ӧ㲻ѹɣ
ǣֹ֧ô￪Ŀ£һ
ţҲ׷׽
֮ǰԵֻεҡͷ̾˿ȻԹԵĺƣûٹЩ˵¡
󺺼ô֧ߣҲ͸޼ɵˣŸŮһΡ
ʱһСкܵ󺺸ǰȻָָҶ죬˵壬λĴҸ˵Է͹ȥ
ٴΰ˵Ŀⶼ˳СкָҶ쿴ȥ
Ҷƽغžƣ뱩¶ݣԲһ龧Скȥ
ŭɫԷⷬĻǴϣر֮ͥ˵дŭɶ
ڿԷΪ󺺵ҲûóȻȥҶ鷳δʹһߣϵСк˵ȥӻû쭣Ͻȥ˵úܴ޷Ǿ˶ӡ
˴󺺵Ļ˶Ц
Ҷû˿󺺾͸ˣҲ˹Ц
ɾЦʱ򣬺ݡһ
һʶаϮҲûüʲôʶس
ȻŸոճ𣬱ᡱһ죬˲һ̫죬ſЦͶûüʲôԼգٴִͣҲϴϷ
һƬž˶ضǴ󺺣˿̣һӺϡ
ȻձӶⲢʲô˵£ԾǣӾȻ˴󺺵ζʲô˶һġ
ҲǱͻһĻһŵض㵽˸
󺺲һֵ̿ŤͷҶ쿴һۣûپϵĿҲûüΣ;ʧſȥ
ڴܳŵʱǡݡһҶһ˦ʱһҽУ˶һ
ٿҶ죬ȻžƱƽغžƣͺʲôҲûƵġ


596 
ﾲó棬ܹǲĺ˵ĿⶼҶϣЩĿг˻֮̿ɫ
Ƭָ̣ȷӦ첽ߵҶǰмл
Ҷ˵ͷȻӻ֣ʾ¡
ָ˵á˵űȥ
･ָҪ֮ǰ࣬ûٸҴ¾ŵǸӡ
Ҷڷ˺ܾãֱ˶߾ſȥ
ߵſڣŵĽл磬գղлл㡣
ҶûͷҲû˵ʲôפ첽߳˴š
ϣ˶ųĹ㳡ӿȥղЩʳ˵ģһżҵԼڳĹ㳡ȫԱ̸С
νȫԱ̸УҲгԱμӵĴ̸УȻ̸УǾζ˫Ѿﵽ˽ŵĵز
һ˵֮䷢ֻһ˫Ա֮ìڶ
ż֮Ȼڵ
ԴҶҺú󣬷ƸһҶȻڰǰһżҵͻȻפƸڣżӵλ쾳ǿߺڶؾǿߣȻԱǰ࣬ʵȴԶڷ֮ϡ
żҸսפƸڵﻹȽʵûʲôĶºǱ㽥ʼ̶һھʹӷռ˳򣬽һ˳ϣһҲͺͷռƸڰڽɽ
Ȼϵǿסʣµһκ˿ֻʱ⡣
ż׳󣬷ĳԱҲͿʼʧЩʹļһ۵żǱߣһľҲˡ
ǰżһн飬ȴ⵽˷Ĺϻؾ
ԭΪżһڽڷȫûϣնԷַһȫԱ̸е뺯
˼ǺվӦԷ̸УҲȡסǶƬĸһִµء
ʱڳԱżѾڳĹ㳡棬˫Ͱǰһһ㡣ֻõ˸ͷż˶ڣ˵ƹ¡
ǰͷܶĹ㳡Ҷ첻ǰһĻʱñ䣬͸һ֡Ҷ컹֪żһ񵱳ĺҺһƸڳʧԸǰʴȡΪ֮Ѫκιҵ顣
Ҷ첢δųȥżҳ֣㳡˶࣬Ҳûȥ֣ڹ㳡Եһ¥Ծ¥ϥ£Ȼɢ۲
ǰһսУ㳡̨ѱݻ٣ȴãѾҲҲһսµ˿
̨Ϸżųڸ߲żҼλţǺ󷽻վ˫
һˣԾһɫŮӣ⼸Ҳ˲ʿֻżҵѹ£нЩԱ߾ˣĻ϶ǷһԱ
żǱȴǧ֮ڣвǴӷ۹ȥģЩ˶Ϊǵѡ񸶳شۡ
̨·ڿΧһ𣬲²Žⳡ̸еĽ֡
˵ǰżн飬ȴ⵽˷ĻؾżҪˡ
ȻѾߵȫԱ̸һ˵ڴ֮ǰ˫Ѿ˶̸̣ջûܴɹʶǽյ̸ϣ˫޷̸ףһսҲˣҺܿǵս
Ҫͷˣǻ뵽ϴλꡣ
˵ϴλһԪɲݵı꣬ӶЭƸģȻ뵽ˡ
ϴη׬ˣһԪɲݱ㻻ƸڵͳȨֻϧʵޣӵ쾳ΪҲסƸ˶ķⰡ
ҶͨǶξ㼯ԪҩģƳԪɹ쾳ʹ÷Ƹꡣ
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ԨʶΣգȻת˦ɨȥ
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ɾڵ漴ԨԴ֮ʱҶĹͻȻͣ
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ŵԨҶЦҪɱ㣬ҿɾͲ֪ɱˣԽվ㲻ȥˣֻǿʼǵ³綼һڽʣ޼Ǿͻڿ־֮аɣ
ԱϣҶûԨȥ
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598 
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ǰѾͷﻹǸղǸԸ֣һ˲˸Ƶģٴ˵Ѿ
Ԩ֮ǰ˵Ѿˣ͸Ҷͷˡ
ûлشҶ죬Χһɨܿ쿴ԶԨŭ⣬ȻԨȥɸǰһѣ
Ҷǰסʵôᱻͷץأأ
۾һ죬ˮѾˣǱ⹷ɱġҧ޺޵ؿԶԨ
Ҷ¶һ˿˸УŤͷԨ˵ѾǸˣҪɱǱĻŰɣǶõĳͽ䡣
̱Ҷ컳ʧʹ
̫ˣʮעԼ塣ҶȰο˵ץ˰
Ȼôһ飬Ҷһ󾪲
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Ҷü˼Ƭ̣ڵԪ彫׻˳ѯС˵һ˵겻ܿƵĽ뵽һڵ
ĵпܣܿƵɾЩϡˡ׻ش
㶼û˵湻ϡˡûܴ׻еõӦҶЩź
˵˵׻꿴Щ档
ģʶһãõ꾭뵽ڡڣѾˣҲһֱ˽ڡҶ콫׻򵥽һ顣
飿׻˼Ƭ̣²ѵ˵λӵ˫ʣ
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Ыü¶֮ɫ
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常Ļ㣬ǡЫ۽ˮ䡣
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Ы˺ͷ常ģһúչززġ
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սֳץסӱ͵һȻֻڡ


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쳤һȻ˰֡
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Ȼ֪Ǵôľ飬ҪǵǣȻûԸҲֶͬԸǡû׼Ѿ˻ƣǶֻһӶѣϵľ֮Ҳͻһ³ˡѵô˵Ҳֻˡ
Ȼ˵һ㣬ҲΪɻġ
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ӶЩĶˣϾԹ׶ٻЩӰġܴӦľóǾԻԥվߡֻϧֻⷬǿտڳŵʵڲš
׼ԥ˵ǿɲҪԣڰɱң˵ʵͲĶ֣ǾὫľ鹱׸ʹ𣿡
һԾŶǸ汾ô꣬ʲôʱԴǵ
ɲͬѾ»صߣҲֻͽѣǾǰһ𣿡׼粵
ȻǱ͸һõѡɣǴɽۻȱͽܾ֮ʱ֮һáЦȻֻһѡ
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600 ս
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ȼдȣľӰ
ֻȫȻһѳĵӰֱΧϮȥ
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ͷųľӰɫ԰˼֣ĵӰѽ˲סæЫ˷ԸЫززߡ
ǣʱЫҲѶϣϽززڷȥ
Ы˴ززܣϸϽʹ첲С׷ȥ
С׷ڤߣͷС;ԲСڵ׷ڤǰʥޣֻĿǰڳɳ׶Σֻ۲۵ʥޡ
׷ڤӰһܣһâززȻľززڣǵҪĿȻززˡ
׷׷ڤߣЫ˸ϽֻƵЫϺ
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׷ڤߵʵЫȻһģֻ֪֣óſԪܽززڣһȴ
Ы㣬ΪʲôҪɱǣززЫʵ
߸ղүүľ顣Ы˸֮
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ţһԵġЫӦ
ʱǰ׷ڤСһţ³һâززȥ
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ЫϽززǰءæЫ˷Ըزز׷ڤߵĶǲӵĶ㲻׷ڤߵ׷٣ǵѡǰݱܡ
ǣЫززתرȥ
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λɽȶһɽչĳ󷨽ƣЩ쾳ǿн޳
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601 
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ҶԴðɣ֣ո׹ûЧأ
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602 
߳Ժӣؽһ˵찡ҿǰĺ̻δѺϣҪûţҿüˡ
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ܶŬٹ񵲣վһϾ쾳ΪҶԲʵǲԶ


604 
Ŷ£߶ʬҲͽʧ״̬ȼ棬ڵҶȥ
Ҷüͷǰ߶ʬֵܣʵڲԼֵ֡
㿪߶ʬ˻Ҷٵ嵽ɽǱ׵ʰ
סɲǣеСƺǲҶϢȲĴӵ˳Ҷͷѽѽиͣ˷ܵӡ
СһܲҶ쿴˿ϵСЦȻС˵Щʲôȴܹܵϲá
Ťͷ߶ʬȥȴһﾹȻɱˡ
Ҷûȥǣ첽ߵʬǰժ´䣬սԼУֳɽȥ
ڶǵұһڹֱұϿģڹϰһЩƿƿ޹֮ĶӦһЩҩ
ڹǰҶڹЩƿɨһۣЩƿ϶бǩ󲿷ֶЩҩȻһЩǽҩҶҲûãһԵս䣬û׼ԺóҲ˵
ƿӺҶֻʣһֻȭͷƿƿӱǩдš衱֣ɳԹˣȻİ
ƿ˼Ƭֻ̣ͷȻ˴߶ʬȥҶԴһͷ
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Ҷȡ񵤣ι£Ƭ̣罥ѹ
ѣҶϽʵ磬㻹ðɣ
촽˶еҶֵܡ
ܹϳԼҶдϲû̫ˣڸоô
ŲŲӣ˵ңҸоЩʹ
峤ܶҩˮݣԲŻЩľҶ͵
أʵ
ǽأѾȥˡҶ˵
糤һЩӣ˵ûɱһźȻ⵹ҲǼϲ¡
磬ôᱻץأҶɻʵ
Щ£ﾡǱˡ
꣬Ƿֱ֮Ҵһ·ܡûܶԶںͷ׷ɱ
罫귢򵥵Ľһ飬ۿѱˮʪ͸˵Щǲ׵ʹ䡣
ˣûϵںͷ׷Ҷ
ҡҡͷȻҲҵɡ
磬鶼ȥôˣҲ̫ˡҶȰο
۾̾һȻ۾˵ʱ䣬ҵʶججģоһĶΣԭΪҲѲˣû뵽ȻѹҶֵܣϴηֱ𣬹˶ء
ѾˡҶش
ˡĬƬֵ̺շʬ˵ʱҵʶһЩϡǵĳʱҶֵҲץ˻
Ǹʱ㻹ʶҶ쾪ȡ
΢΢˵ͷȻдŲʶȴģ
Ҷϸһ룬æʵĪϴζڽǸСµģ
ǰɡش
磬Ƕ㣬ҪڽСӳɽû׼ڶҩءҶм
΢΢Ц⡣
ҶЦЦַԸű𶯣ϵҩӦÿԻָһЩ˵űȡö룬˺ϣʼڵҩ
УľؿŶڣ˾֮⣬ҲͲɫˡ
常ѾˡЫ˵
˲ƺѴӴлع
үүǸô죿ززʵ
컺תͷززȥ޾ˡ
үүһ߾ȫӳȥġЩɳơ
ززҡͷҪүүҪһ𡣡
үүʱѾˣүүΨһԸܹӳȥ˵
ҲߣҲҪүүֿزز˽컳ʹޡ
ظززԴȻתۿЫˣ˵Ыֻܴززӱǣһᾡϵ׷ڤ߻ɱҲ޷׷ٵǵˡ
ǣ常Ы˳ŴӦ
ˣ޿ˣһеϽжɡ˵˵ţزز
һԪȼɫ档ԭήҵľʱսһ㣬ɢơ
ߣ
һ㵱Ŷڳȥ
ڶڴĹƺ˶ڼİƣȻѸ󷽳ˡ
˳ʮԶʱһֻһ㣬ڵĴӶ˳
ɢľƣɫһ䣬ƺʶΣա


605 ͻ
ȼ֮׾ɣ¶м֮ɫһߣ죬ڵѵľһֻ񻯵ޣǴˡ
ҲҪ汳ͽȥɣŭһһɫӰŹ׼ȥ
󷽣Ы˵Ĵززܳɽֱɽȳڱȥ
׳ززƳƳѾû˼ȥľˣ취ǰⷢ졣
죡
һӣīɫƳڷһƵģǵصϮȥ
̧ǰһģһֻɫֶգۼչʮףһɽǰĹƳѹȥ
ƵĹЩƳǵûжܣȿֺӭȥȫ֮ϣϵ
ֻǾ޴ۿɼٶȱʳţûϮ׸ǰѱɴ
ѵ㲻ֹ֪ϷĹõ𣿡װȻԵõشЦ
֪ЩһԱ˾ûԡսˡȻ˵
һͣ˵һȺƵǿʳģһԱ˾ûսˡڳս֮ǰһ㶼Ƕϼ죬ս
£սǿǲֶѾιȻҲû˼սˡ
ߣΪϷôֻ𣿡Ц
գٶƶûãɡûٷϻ˵һΣһӰϷѳ˳ȥ
۷ϷµһװȻ˵ȣʯƷ׹ƷƷƷľƷ
ת֮䣬ͬԵĹƷǰû
þ͸һģһֻʸͬ
ʯƷȻǸʯͷˣ׹Ʒҽɵһ㣬ƷǸ񣬽Ʒͭ񣬶ľƷǿľ
ƾСʲôʸ뱾ľӰᲢۡ첻мس
˵䣬ľӰѳ׸ǰֻϵƷһţսľӰ׵ֻƽ֡
Ϸ׹ƷأľӰϷǰҲͲֵһˣȻѾûˡЦ
ûˣ˵ַȡһľעԪֱǰһ壬дȣľأ
ɲ֮䣬ԲʮڵĲľȫȼ𣬲ɢһ˿˿ɫϢЩɫϢܿ㽫Χ
üͷһ壬ѾԼǰԪٸʴţȥҪ˶Ԫܾͻᱻʴ
뵽ıǾƬɫȻŲոΧͻȻЩĴһ㣬Ԫܸž
ܿ죬Ѿһ룬Ҳá
鼱֮£׸ϽٻƳ棬ԭЩƳȥҧסЩƾǴЩɫϢܿ͸ιˣֱйֱҧ
һǱΪģǲѷˡȵ
ߣɱϷ򣬿ûôסһߣִȣƻȼ
䣬ϱ˰棬ЩЩסС죬īɫ
ʧͬʱֿΧЩɫϢԲһܹǿס˿
ϣľӰ׵ϵƷòɿ˫ÿһײἤһȦȦɫˣĿǰΪܵڻƵӰ죬ЩƷľӰĶ֡
˿ս󲻾ãڹѸȺ˳
Ƕûȥ׶Ը죬ȿֺѾҪܵڵزز׷ȥʽƺҪززϵľ顣
ܿززǱߵΣϷǰɱ׵ĴûᣬѸջֻľӰʮ𼱵ųڷȥ
ڹѸܿ׷ززЫˣһǰһסǵȥ·
ԶԶ˶ɵزز𹥻
Ы˸ϽֻƵЫٻƵЫȻӵżǿĿֻ׷ڤߵĶͬһ㣬ϴνƵЫĴ׷ڤ߸ҧ˼ڣڶĨڵģһһƺ
ЫٻֻƵЫȻԸϺͺڹѸززֱ˽ƵЫϣȻʹƵЫƹˣڷȥ
ӣûôףڹѸһ֮ٻһֻ׸ߵľͺ֩롣ڤ룬ڵڤʥޣڹѸֻֻʥޡ
ڤһ³һڵĴǰĽƵЫͷȥ
ƵЫѸ̧βϵĶ̣ϷµĴһīɫҺ
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׷ڤǰܴ쾭ϵľĵҲȬˡ
ǽýӰһâŽƵЫϵЫҧȥ
Ы˻ӽ׷ڤ㿪ϱƵЫĴ˸š
׷ڤ֪ԼĶҺԽƵЫ̫ãҲû˷ѶҺֱӶ˽ƵЫĴ
֮׷ڤſС죬һСźź֮仯ЫϮȥ
Ыֻûӽ񵲣Ȼ߾ֱ˳ľƶϣײǰԪܡ
ᣡ
Ы˵Ԫһײī֭һ㣬Ⱦڡ
Ы˶پٳǰ׷ڤ߿ȥϴνֵԪƬȾڵ׷ڤǹ赲ġ
ۿ׷ڤ߾ҪԪܣΣʱ̣һָϸâ༲ƫеĻ׷ڤߵӡ
׷ڤ﷢һֽУһ㡰žһѿֻһźƮϸǰ»Σ˲ˡ
ܿ嵽˽ƵЫǰľ롱£סƵЫźķѡ
ţֶ˵ֱٽȥýֻ׷ڤ߻УҪȻЫ˺ززӳɽҲûá
ƺ⣬ս׷ڤ߸սȻȡһȣӭľ
ᣡ
˫һֱ֣˿
ƵЫ󣬼ŹȿӴܣڹѸϽʹڤ׷ȥԼȡһٱޣչ
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һܳһڹѸϮȥԼǳֽϣȻϽ׷ڤ߸սҲֻܽϻˡ


606 
ٶʩչľӰϵ԰࣬Ѿǿ֮ĩ
ǰľӰѾ֮ǰԸʱֻҪԸڹѸǲ⡣
ľӰڹѸչսͬʱҲһš
âţûһֻɫıȽϱأѾû̫ʩչУֻܲͣľһ״Уӭϵľ
ÿһεײ񱩵ˣԲʮڵĲľѾݻٴһƬǼ
һߣЫƵЫ϶ԸڹѸڤ룬زز׷ڤ޷⶯ԪֻܽԹս
Ы˵ĽƵЫǷޣȻֻʥޣ൱ɹ۵ģټǿڤ³ĶҺ̫Ч
Ȼڤֻ赲Ы룬ԣҪȥͶԷƴ
ĶҶר־溫ҩĴȻѾڼҲǰ취溫罫ҩҪȻһȥɾδлٻˡ
ߴȻʱ򣬹ǰľЩƳ߹ƷѸٳԶսȥ
ע⵽˹ǱߵͷԣҲֻҧٴʩչС
ľأ
ľ棬ΧЩݲдĲľȻֹµ֦֮ǰһɢһ˿˿ɫϢΧܿ㱻Ȼ֡
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ЫߣЫ˴һͬʱʹֻľӰϷ𹥻һʩչľأҲľˣһһҡҡ׹ӡ
Ы˶˵Ѹƹڤȿڱȥ
ɾǼ嵽ȿڵʱڤȴ³һź
ƵЫܲ˸š
ƵЫסϽҧƵЫǰӽϵĺնϡ
ƵЫȿڳȥȻƬ̵ĵѾʧȥĻᣬ״𵶵ĵɽȳǰ
׵ĳ֣˶ͷһǶʶҪӳȥϣѾʮã
ɾˣȻûзľһӣӲͷƤ׳ȥ
׹Ʒ
ӰһΣֻϵƷֱٻʹֻƷӭԼŽƵЫȥ
ľǰһֻƷˣȻѸ׷ȥ
׺ܿ嵽ƵЫǰһӣƳӿ
ЩƣȿֺƵЫȥ
ƵЫ³һŶҺʱдƬƱʴʣ
ȻƵʵ̫࣬ƵЫʤܿ㱻Ʋס
ܵƵҧƵЫʹùֽұĺֱײƲЫ˸ϽززӽƵЫ¡
ǽƵЫķǿҲסƵĴƽûã̱ڵأá
ŽƵЫ£Ыʹѣ£ԼСѱȻûȥ˼ƵЫ
㿪ĹѸٽֻƷٻأǰ
󷽣ľصѾľڹѸ
ȻûʲôˣǶԵüΪǱڹѸΪϵͣԪû֧ŶþͱˡԣҲܵЩʴȾɫ
ϵҲòȥĸʴ֮⣬ܵľӰĹҲֻǿм
Ȼ˶ԣ״ֹۣľӣվˣϵĴ
Ы˺زز첽ǰţסϡڹѸǽΧ
Թɣνķˡ˵
ƣĴŴѾ˿ϣ
̧˫֣һ߳ӡǣһָһâڡ
͵һֻչ˴ƹ
үү常
ززЫ˴
ززүүҪһˡָززӣѾҪֻɴ
Ҫүү㲻Ҫزز޺
үүעҪģΨһźǣûܿƽȥ֮ˮ
ȻᣬϷһ·ɡ״һӣֻƷ˳ȥ
嵽˸ǰƷһɾҪ˳ʱ򣬺ͻȻ¡һһâ˱Ʒϡ
أ
ƷѳƬ
ڱƷѺƬ̣һӰȰǰȻҶ졣
ǰʵڱǸˡһϢӣҶٸвԼձܸԷҲ䵽㾳ء
Ҷ죬Ǿ֮жʱʣ۾⣬òǻþɣ
ϵЫ˺ززҲûܷӦһǶΪԼ˻þ
ΧĹȴ֪ɲʲôþһĶǰͻȻֵˣƺŸղֻƷǱġ
Ҷû˵ʲô̽ץһ飬ź̾˿ɿ֣ȻѾûþˡ
ҶСѣϷǱ֮ˣ֮ǰ㣬Ҳûʲôźˡ˵ﾡǸм֮ɫ
ǰģһὫززƽȳȥġҶŵ
˵ͷ˼ˮ
Ы˺ززδκϣǿƾҶһˣǾȻܴӹǾȳȥġ
㣬ҲôΪģһЦǴԲѣƾҲϷˣֱǳ룡Աϣ̧һУֻһֻϵززȥһֻǳҶ졣
ҶȻܹµ˵ĻƣȻɻ֮һĹ϶޷˺ǡҶ첢δνĹһϽʩչײЯ˶ݳʮףǰ
ţѸٻЩķΧžЩĵķҲ˲٣ܹ쾳ǿߵľ
ʱֻѾ׷˹
ҶԪܣɵʩչָָӦܹԸа
͸ղһһֻƳززһֻҶȥ
ֻززĻƽʵʵײڷķϣĽâһֱӽɳȥֻƷ׺ڰסƣûóȻȥЩЩĵӡ
һĻҲüͷʶЩĲһ㣬ûⱦĻðգǽٻأֻƷ
ͬʱϺͺڹѸҲززǱ߳ȥ


607 ս
Ҷʩչײݳʮף㿪ֻĻƣٴγ嵽ǰѾָ׼ϡ
ָ̧֮䣬âƫеĻǰĻƣָϵͼ˳Žâ˻ϡ
ƷһĲҽУȻͻһ̣ɢˡ
ڻƱеͬʱԶĹһ̺һ˿꣬ԻƱУҲǻܵӰġ
Ҷ쾹ܽƻУ˶ǴΪǲȻŭ˵ǳ֮ΪҪ֮ȴҶ쵯ָ֮͸ɱˣܲŭ
Ҷɹܲô࣬ϵѾķչϽȡ׵ͷٵʩչն˹ȥ
¡
ɲǣҶѾϸǰеľ׵ͷ£ͬʱһ׵ԺڹѸԴϿ¡
Ѹپȸ񵲣ڹѸҲٱ޵ǰ
䣡
ײͬʱ
¹˶˿ݵĽѾʶǰ˼Ϊ¡
˿Ҷֻӵ׵ֻƷȥ
׸ϽʹֻƷͬʱҶ췢ơ
ȻʩչָܹЩƷǵָʵ̫ķԪʵڲֵҹѵ¶ʩչ
ֻƷڵسҶʩչײ˿ʮףסӺ׵еСݻ
СԾգɲǼƾۣΪ֮ɫ
⺧˳棬صĺɱСӣ
ϺͺڹѸҲʶҶΣգǺԥҶ켲ȥ
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̧ͷ˿ǿһӣӿ
Щһѷſеӿȥ̼㽫Χ
׵ܿͱЩƸɴСݸϽâ̶ֻݻؾ׵С
ҶüͷȻûСݵ֧֣Ҳû취ʩչײ˾ӵ˫ԪҲԶԸǰΪԼǿߡ
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䣡
Ҷ챻󵹷ɳȥԲΪҪԸһ˶൱˵˵ֹˡ
ڹѸѽҶѹסæʹֻƷķչͬʱԼҲϡ
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ڵ֮˲䱬Ҷȫɫ
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ᣡ
ڹƻϣһ㣬Ҳֺ
Ĺ󣬹׸ϽˣĹƻȼӵżǿķϾóս
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常˵ù𣿡ЫؿҶ죬ʵ֮ǰҶ첻κϣ£ʶԷʵﵹȼһ˿ϣ
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ϺͺڹѸѾԶ˹Ϲף˽ҶΧ
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ڹѸ߶ûһ׵ԵڵأȻûֻܴʱԶѡ
ܿɢصҶϣ۳һ
ʱٻĴѶѾ嵽ǰЩʳҶɲǽѸܿƵΧϾԼЩɲԪǱʳĻǿɾҲزˡ
ߣӣһȡһֻƴСĽɫֵ㳢ϷĶʳ󡣡ԱϣעԪ
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жѸ˷ɢƬ֮Χһʮ׳׸ߵľ޴ӣҶ¡
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ҶѸٻǼѾϮǰĺȥϣЩȻá
Ƭ̵ĵ֮£ǼѾ̽ҶϵĺУҶǣЩһ㣬ʳϵ֮
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Ҷ컹ûüӵȥѾס
ϵ֮ЩʳţҶϽ֮ڡγϵľ׵ͬʱȡٵעԪһϹҵǣͨǿԽЩϵġ
Ҷּӵȥ
ᣡ
Ǽֻ֮ƾոֳһɫĻҶĹȫȫҪͻƴ󣬾¡


608 
Ҷ뵽ıָȻָԻɱƣôҪǰĶȻҲ⡣
ǰϮļҶ׵ͷٵԪܣָʩչ
Ҷ׼ʽϸϽʹȣɫҶ췢𹥻
Ҷʩչײ㿪ϵĹƣЩԩ
Σֻٶʩչײζָ׼ɣĽָʩչ
âָţ֮кնϣգ֮䣬âѻڣĺɫֳ
һָ̣ͼ˳Žâײ˺ɫϡͼڼչ֮㸲֣ͼϽâţЩܵش
Ƭ̣䡱һ죬󳹵ױЩƵʬ
Ҷͻƹ˶Ǵһ컹ǱȽ˽ģҶͻƣЩ⡣
ɫʧЩƲ˵ԼĹ󾹱һСͻƣղѡ
ͻƹҶѸܵ˸ǰǷԸҲסǳûߡ
Ҷ֪ǹ׺ϵĶ֣ĹѾԪ;ȥɾ͸Ӳˡ
ҶСѣϷסǣززߣززϵ׷ڤʱ׷ٵ豣ʵ˵
ҶȻ˼״ӳȥҲ˶ãΪ׸Ѿڴ˵׼
Ϻ͹׺ַܿ˹ҶĿǰ״ҪɱȻǲܵġҲû˷Ԫǽ棬ʩչһ㿪˵Ļ́־ǰӡʩչС
һߣززֿүүҪһߡ
ززСĸ˫һ󣬶˵ΨһҲҪˡ
ززүүܿƽ뿪ҲˣүүƬɽһӣҲˡο˵Ы˿ȥеЫԺززͰչˡ
常ģһúչززġЫ˳ŵ
˵ͷȻתͷҶǱ߿ȥ૵ʱˡ
Ҷ׺ϵļιС׼ɣĳͼַɳ
ͼڶУչйһƬĻ׺ΧС
ɾɣҶĿǰľǿȣȻҪԶʤڹ׺ϣȫԽǳס
ȻҪάСǼķѾģ׺ϲԴ𹥻Ҳ޷ά̫á
ס˺ҶϽ嵽һ˸ǰķ
ߣҶȵ
һ˿첽ȥ
׺ѾԿеͼڷ𹥻ÿιķҶڵԪͣŴ̾ǾĻǹӦ
һ˺ܿܵ˳ǰͣ½ŲҶ˵ҶСѣززɾͰˡ
ǰģһᾡΪġҶĵ˵
˵ͷززһۣȻ˰ֵ߰ɣ߰ɣ
үүҪһߡززֲš
۾һЫ˵Ыزز߰ɡ
ǣЫӦһȻӲززͨﱼȥ
үүүүززͣ޺š
ǰ¾͸ˣҶ
֣ص˵ͷ
Ҷû˵ʲôתͨﱼȥܵ;Ѿͻ
Ϊȡʱ䣬Ҷһʩչ˼εָף´ȥһ¡¡£ССʯ׹·ͨ׷¡
ززԲͣţҶɴ嵽ǰֱӽϣǰȥ
쵰ſңززͣţš
ʵ㣬ȻҿɷѨˡҶǳ
ңԼߣزز
ĥٶȣñͷ׷ϡҶû
׷Ͼ׷ϣҲŲ¡زز
㲻£ôΪдǰ;ӭأҿɲҶ˵
ԼߺˣҲŲҪȡزز޺
ҪȴӦүүҲŲϡλ̡ҶƲƲƵ
һϡȣȥزز˫ȿš
ҶƨһģвٶŲҰӰ
󻵵åززֹͣ߷
汻˵ˣǰְҵåˣåҵֺϷǲҿˣ㿴Ҷ컵Ц˵ĳɳյѾͷѾͤͤƯ㿸ҶЩǷǡ
Ы㣬ززЫ
ززͱˣڻҪЫȰ
ززͰ͵سүүˣǶ۸ңЩ
үүԼΪ˾㣬ҪǻϧԼĻǽˡҶһǰ񱼣һ߽
أҲŲҪ̡ززȭҶ챳Ϻݺһ¡
ҶһʹѾͷȻҴңҲƨá˵űƨһ¡
ززһūʥŮƨɣʥŮҪʬΡһţһȭͷҶ챳ϲͣš
ǵǰһСͷأСͷѾɴͷˣӦøпͷˣҪٸҴңŲҰǹ·Ҷв
޳ܵ˵ūزز߷ţҲߵͨ졣
лʣŮ¿ޡҶƤл
ʥŮûп㣬ⲻҪļһزز
ˣԹԱͣҵרĸ·ˡҶûѾͷ
ززźүү
ʱЫܵҶԣʵιҪȥأ
ҲιȻ㿴ͱҴ󣬲һϲҶ磬ϾĹϵѾͬѰˡҶ컵Ц
Ы˳ݺݵһۣŭҶģΪңͿ԰ˣҪٸҺ˵˵ɱҷ
ͦ˵ӣòֻҧҰɣҶƤЦ˵
ǴҪŭǰɣЫŭⰻȻ
ٺ٣ЦءҶٺЦţֵʵʱӻͦƯģҪ㣬û׼ҾȢˡ
Ы˶˵ֱȡľҶȥ
ҶзһԶԶ㿪ֻͷЦôףһ治Ȣ㣬ҪȻСʲôʱ˶֪
бվűܣЫɱڵҶ׷ȥ
㵱ɵҶ조⡱ܵ÷ɿ졣


609 ָ
һ·񱼣ûãҶź硢Ыˡززڵǿ¶·
岢ûг׻ָһ·۵ùǺһͣǸӴ˴
ʲôأЫ˻ܺɻʵ
Ϸи¶иϱߣȥһܰɣҵѾͷϵĶˡҶ˵
ʥŮŲѾͷززüͷ˵
Ы̧ͷϿ˿Ƶôôȥأ
òԻȥҾȰѾͷȥɡ˵ţҶ㽫һʩչԾʮ׸ߣɵִ¶ڡ
ѾֹͣҶ쿸ŸŮ˻㶣һֲֵ顣
Ҷزز˿۾һȵû뵽ôԪ塣ѾͷľԭҪԶʤڳˣ˫Ԫ񣬾ԺԼ൱ɽҶĽʺޡ
ϸ룬Լϵ꣬ŽϵŨٷ֮ʮĻǴҶв̾ôŬǱȲ˼Ҵ̥ġ
˭أȻʵ
ʣŮˣʣʣҶڻش
ôʣŮˣ˳زز
Ҷʼ˵أҲ֣ͰôƺԼ
ιūո˵ʲôʣʣأززʵ
˰ɣ˵ʣŮʣҶЦ
ߣ⸱ģһûġززҶ췭˷ۡ
ɱС֮ĶȾ֮ĳɺءҶΪԼ粵
ʥŮô㶼ǺˡززƲƲ˵
ˣвŮ㻹ǸϽȰϵ۸һɣô˻޿ġҶ쳰Ц
㣡ūЦʥŮʥŮȥزز˵ű̧Ҷȥ
òߣԼȥҶһ¡
ص£Ҷ쿴˿Ыˣһģԭ˵ӦŮʿȣӣǷǮƵģһ治Ĵȥ㻹淴ʡʡɡ
˭ҪˡЫݺݵһۡ
ҶüͷһȻ˵Ըͷͷɡ
ЫƲԴߺһû˵ʲô
Ҷ쿴򺫷磬˵磬ȥɡ
翴˿Ыˣ˵Ҷֵܣҿȥɡ
Ů˾úܣԼ˵ɡ˵ţҶץ𺫷ĸ첲ʩչһ죬ȥ
ִﶴںҶ򺫷ѵ磬ӻûг׻ָϽµɡ
ţͷӦ
ȻҶ£Ы˸ǰʵôû
ҲȥЫƲԴû
ĲȥҶʡ
ЫûҶ죬ֱߵ½
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Ыɫ΢΢˱䣬Ǿǿû˵
ûӦҶٴʵȷȥ𣿡
㷳˵ϾǲϡЫ˵
Ҷ˵ֱӳ嵽ǰ
ſңЫ˲ͣš
ҿɲİһ档Ҷ쵭˵
ҶⷬЫĪһ졣
Ҷȴֽ˵ȻᣬҲǵĸ˰Σǵĵʱͷ̱ƹܲǵŰǵٸ¶ˡ
ЫŭʢٲſңҿɾͲˡ
ҶûĻӴյǰ˿һ޵ӻǸϴһ㡣
Ы̧ƾҪҶȥҶʩչһ죬һԾ˲Ծʮ׸ߴ
Ы˳·һʱһջƣҶҶƵġ
Ы⸱ӣҶڰͣЦʵòпָ֢ɣ
Ы˺Ҫܣȥ
ұôǰⶼѹҴˣһôϵȥҶ챻Ů˱ģٻϴɽĳپڸҲֲͷ
ЫգֻСػɿ
ҶͻȻеѽոմȥڸо˫еʹˣҪСĵ㣬ȥʱû׼ҿְܾˡҶ⽫ɣѵ
ЫոɿҶס˵쵰һǹġ
ٺ٣֪ǹģﻹұôأռұ˰ɣҶ컵Ц
ЫҶ˰ۣ˭ϡռıˣղȥҿռҵı˰ɣ
ռıѾռˣռıҲռˣڿ˵С촽úܣҪһڰɣҲжȥҶЦ
Ы˲ȻŭƺԼڰ⵵¶ˣֱ̧֣ȡľҪȡҶС
ҶϽѵιڿڰУ㿳ңԼҲõȥġ
˾ͬھЫ¶ҪҶͬھƵġ
ǲǽѳأҶ˼
˭ѳˣҪЫ˺ȵ
Ҷüͷ˵ǲѳ飬һ··ҲиӦ
ߣԸ·ɣ߶ȻˤҡЫ˵űľҶȥ
Ұ㶪ȥˤˤ㡣Ҷ˵űһҪֵӡ
Ы˾һæֽҶ
ɶɶҶǽ֮ˣ㻹ҪռұˡҶ˱˻ԡ
Ы˳˵ۣǵϻˣϽȥ
ٺ٣ǲһأҶЦ
Ы˵ŭĿȵûأ
õõãȥ㻹ȰĽɣôЩšҶ˵
Ыûзϻֱӽľջش䡣
ҶٺһЦȻԾ¶
һҶЫ˱ȡľֱҶȥ
ҶѸܽιô𱨰ҷѾţ֮㿸ŲŸأȻҪýңǲԵġ
վűܣЫ˾ٽҶ׷ȥ
ˣŵĻҿӺɷ۷硣ҶһӴܣһ˵
޳ܵĻ쵰ҷɱ㲻ɣЫŭɶ


610 
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뿪֮ǰҶ첻ݣһ񶾽̺ҵҲʲô鷳ˡ
ǣĺ̻ܲ
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⻰ûֻǣĿǰһ⻼֮ʣʱ¼ҳ֣ǽĺ̻ڧ֮Ѹ¡һǵЩС԰ģһڸ˵ĺ̻ĺ顣һͷ˵
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᳤ʧʧ¼ҼȻѾһҲ⼸ˣǲ֣ɾûˡ᳤Ͻǵ
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ڵǣεĹ̸н㳡ϾУκ˴¼صɲμӡأһѾмЩСС̻ᣬ׼һͬĺ̻ʩѹĻɾͼˡ
۷׷׵ʱͻȻҲ֮
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΢΢Ȼ˳ȥҹ˻µš
ߺ󣬺ؽüЦ˵ߴһϢ
ؽϲõӣ˶Ժؽ˵ĺϢǿҵĺ档
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Ԩ쾳ǿߣټǿܣʲô˸ҽأ
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пвٳԱһǿߣӦòѹɣ
Խ˵Խ⣬ؽæ˵֮û̫ϵһǻ۰ɡ

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ֻǰһս̫ˣҲ֪漸ּ١
λҶͨͣĺ̻Ǽ񵽱ˡ
֮Ǽ٣ҶϴϵıϷۼʶģʱ꣬ĳɳȷʵܽڴ
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611 
ܴǲҶΪҿʧˡ᳤ЦǺǵ˵
ĺ̻˵ǸĺϢرεĹ̸УûεĲ룬ƾȼЩˣҲƲʲôˡһ˵
Ҳ̫ˣϾ̸ǹеģûβ룬һỹǼΪؽǵ
˾ͷʾͬ
죬൱֣ĺ̻ṫ̸еϢѴǵÿ䡣ڴϣСЩջǿڱտĵĶⷽĻ⡣
ʱ֣һҷǰ
λ͹롣Сһ
Ůͦӡ
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Ҷһ裬һСڣ˵һĺ̻ᷢѣҲΪҵĹϵɡ
˵ͷ˵ϣĺ̻ᵱڳԸˣҼǺˡ
˵ĺ̻Ĵɲôֹۣ񶾽ڧǵӿɾ͸ӲùˡЫЦ
ԲȱеϦĺ̻澳ֻʱģҵɪ˶áһἰңҶĿжʱ¶֮ɫͬģϵҲޡ
ǿ࣬Ҫǰ⵹ûô򵥡Ы˴ų֮ѵ
ȻڰһǺġ˵ҶüΪôȥˣÿÿ뵽ҶԼǰȥһĻҶ絶˵ǲ֮ͺҵѪһޱȳء
ҶǶڼ䣬Ҷ쳹ױ޳ͷԣһֻűҪֻһɱҡ˵øлƽͶǱɱҡܹǿҲȻҲΪϾΪ
Ҷеĳû˿ֻøΪˡ֪ԼƵԿԱ֮±ôӳ顣
ʵۺʵҿ⣬Ϊıչأ׻ѾԽļޡֻҪ׻֣ܳȫܹɱλ쾳ԲǿߣһҲʹȥˡ
ʵϣ׻ǲ׳ˣ˵ͻƷӡȻһ˼ƽ١ĿǰΨһܹԿģҲֻͬΪˣԣںƽ֮ǰ
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612 ɱ¾
ͺ˼ҶززЫ˿ȥʵʲô㣿
ЫĿͣͣҶôһʣЩãȻˡƬ̣ززȥززȴһ㯵Ŀǽѹ
˳ˣҶЩƵʵ۵С۵ģòǻû뵽Ҫȥİɣ
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٣ƽʱѾͷԴҲûôⰡѲǳ԰׽ˣȻˡҶЩŵسزز
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ҶЦѵʣŮ£ɵŵ㣬ҪǾôˣǧȳǰ׷ˡ
ūĳ죬ʥŮҲ˵ˡزز˵ű㲻ٴҶ죬ĳ˷
ҶҲûȥתȥ˵Ҵ磬͸һ߰ɡѾڣ͹һˣǽҶͦ۵ġ
û˵Ĭˡ
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ԱЫ˺ززҶ˷ֵ
ȥЩĵҶʵҶֵܣǾôˣû𣿡
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ĿԶҶת˵߰ɣʱҲˣȥҹȼˡ˵ţųȥ
˳һ·˼ˣܿҵ˹ȼҸۡ
һҵĸԺὨƫƧضΣԱܿеȼҲ⡣
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֪˶ãԺڰһ߾ʬ˵ĵڵϣЩ֫ϱĴɢ䣬漸Ⱦ˺ɫ
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ᣡ
Ҷ콫׵رϵĵУ򺫷翴ȥЦ磬ҩô꣬û뵽ֽŻô
𽣣ЦǺǣҶֵϵҩҪȻ·⣬˵ýɱˡ
˵ЩҲûаܣʳǿʬ̺ޱȿֲ꣬һֱ״̬޷֧ŵڡҶйģüЩаɡҲһģƽʱϵܷӡڣҲԳʴ
ǰ˵øǷǿʬˣⱲӿ¶Ե쾳ˣӵ쾳ΪҲ˵ĴɡпԼǸҵˣǲ֮ȴмżˡ
뵱걻ץȥʬ˵Ļʱڳɰǧ֮УΨһҴ£ǽΣҲΪʬˣԼЩΪĿܣøܾԼʬ֮ЩԵҲһжעģԼҪѣʵ䷴Ψһѡ̹Ȼܡ
˾ƽʱһ㣬ͥʲ߳˹ȼҸԺ⸮ڵѪȳ޹Ƶġ
߳ţҶ˷ϵĵ˵һվĹ㳡ĺ̸̻Ҳÿʼ˰ɡ
б۳˳ѪȵļһʵѲǾʹѪܵѹȥ
ֺη˲ԼͬһۣЦ


613 ̸
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ؽʼ磬ΪȻĺ̻ɲЩСܽġ
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ΪβԸأѵڼɻʲôֻϾΣŶˣ˵ϲǰ˸ˡ̫ϧˣҲ֪һֵλأŶУǰƸڵżҺҲ˸һһɶǹȼҿɵСĵˣû׼һֵˡؽЦѵ
ؽɲҪΣҵʵЩص󱲡ߵر粵
òôҲֻǺһѡؽЦǺǵ˵
ػ᳤ɲҪԶˣ̸еó֮¡ֽͷŲص
ڴҵ̬ȼȻʮˣûҲظڶˡûµĻĺ̻иˣȺ̸ɡؽ˵űվĺ̻ڳҲ׷
ԷҪߵӣţҿΪػ᳤׼һݺأػ᳤ݺ߰ɡ


614 Ϣ
ôһ˵ؽ΢΢һͣϵĻ¿ȥ»һۣ˶ֲԤС
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᳤Ѳ㻹ǵģ᳤û
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Ҷ˵ͷƽЦȻǶôļҲͲˣҪ˵ĺϢǣڲ֮ǰȼѾȥΪǴһˣǿ԰ĵ·ˡ


615 ɱ
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Ѿûȥˣֻʣ˷ŭ޾ķŭŻľ׵ݺݵҶȥ
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ҶûĹֱʩչնŲĹٷơ
¡ͬʱҶӰѾڹǰ֣׵ҲǺɵĳŹٵͷ¡


616 
ٶҶıնѾ൱ϤҲзھ׵ͷ֮ʣѸپд󵶣ͷһ
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Ҷ޼̾һ˵ʵϷѪ֮Ҳ̫˽⣬ݼʦ˵ʦ湲λͽܣһλǼʦҶ޻꣬һλʦ棬ҶʦʵʦҶ޻꣬ҽڸҶʦ壬ϽѧϰԷǲ֡ôΪ˶ԯҽɵ
ô˵ʦʦ涼ֻѧʵҶʵ
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Сǿ쾡֪ɱɱǰɲ򵥡ڽȻᣬǾĥ˵Գ࣬쵼ķ緶
ǡСǿӦһϵĽȴ˿Ͼָ˾Ȼκ˶Ҫż
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˶ĬµƺѾҲΪ֮Чİ취ˡ


623 ײ
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ҲȥɡҶ˪˪˵˵ű㱧ź˳
棬Ǹͷӿ첽ߵβǱײõĳβһۣɫһŤͷʦȥݺݵոڵģôģû۾
ʦǸֵַʵˣһԷ⸱ɷӣʱͰ˰أսսؽ͵λС磬ҵĳͣˣǸոյʱСײġ
㻹ͷǿүƯ뵽үͷ϶Ǯǰɣ㣬ŶûУͷȵ
ʱߵͷ󣬿Ǹ˸ӣʦĵҲ͸ӲˡԷֵƣǽ¹ԼͷϵĻ˵Ҳʮһ뵽߶⳥ʦҲֻӲͷƤֵС磬ײģǲţ⸽мء
ͷ۾һɣү˵ײľײġ
Էôһ˵ʦҲ׶ԷǹҪжΣ߶⳥ǰǻҲòС磬ңҿ»뽻ɡ֪ԼӦЩˣҲֻ򽻾ˣ˵䣬ȡֻ׼
٣ϼһүϾǰɣͷŭݺݵغȵ˵ǰһһģֱӽʦֻķɡ
ʦֻɳףˤ˸ϡãһʹϽǰЩˤɢܵ㲿ʰ
ʱҶǰ˵ҿ֤ո㵹ײʦĳҲʦֻˤˣپ٣ˡ
ͷҶһǵУҿǻòͷ˰ɣ
ʦϽߵҶǰҶȰ˵¸ûϵǻǸϽ߰ɡҲǿҶϼҴڵģ˾


624 
ΧܿһȺˣȻǶĻǴǰϣҲܲ³֡
ͷֺӣǶָָ㣬мڸ
ʦģһ֤ġҶ޾˵ǻǰͶ˵ȥǹͷݺһˡ˳ˣȻҲͲǰһ嶯ˡ
Уմү㳤֪ʶ֪ʲô¸ùܣʲô²ùܡͷһɫغȵ
ͷôһ˵ʦҶ˵ˣЩĺ㶷ǵģϽ߰ɡ
ͷҪС֣ܶһͷͻȻյԱС˵Щʲô
˴ͷӵĻͷתҶߵĳ˪˪ȥӶʱһаЦﻹֹ٣޸治ǳȻôƯš
ʦ˹ͷֹĻüͷһ壬پϽҶͳ˪˪ǰЦͷ˵ǸС磬ҪǸ޸ô˽˵ˡԭ¹ʵӦɶԷȫеģ£ԷвͼʦҲֻܳԿ㣬»СС»ˡ
޸ô֪ү⳵һµûǮ𣿡ͷȵ
С磬Ҳ¹ҪǣҪǱ˾ԿҲǡʦѵ
ô֪ԿĻأ뱨ǾͱɣӵĴӳǸǡͷΪȻ˵
˵ţǰʦǰһƿȻ󽫳˪˪ϸһҶ˵УүһǧǮүһ
ҶüͷһȻ˵Ǯܵģܶʱ˸ҪǱ£бµĻõŻǮ𣿶ûµĻٶǮҲûá
ǣû뵽ﾹȻ³ȴⷬ˵үĿȥˡͷĿֱĶų˪˪ϾЦ⣬Ƭ̺˿ĭ˪˪Ȱ˵СˣһУ˷ƯСԺ̴үɣү֤ٻ󡣡
˪˪˰ۣȫûСɫ
ϣͦиԵүϲиԵŮˡϸƤģүŶôүһϸ۵Сͷ˵Ѿ˪˪ȥ
νǻϲ̫༱Ҷ㲻ŲæӣһԵʦȴǿļ٣Ҫǰӣȴ
ۿŹͷ־Ҫ˪˪˪˪Ȼ̧һץݺס˹ͷһת
ֻһ󡰿𣬹ͷֶʱͱ״
ͷ˺ѷεĲҽʱ뷽
ΧȺڶĿɿڴȻǶûϵĶŵŮˣȻô
Ŷܻ˿ֽкá
ͷ¸Ͻǰͷ𣬹ͷ˼ڴҧغŸȥǳǸץ
¸Ͻһͬ˪˪ȥȻǸճ嵽˪˪ǰͱŵڵأ
ֵ
һĻϵʦʱˣΧĹǶֳƿ죬̾˪˪֡
Ҷµӣߵͷǰ
ͷ¶ֻ֮ɫϵľʹʵ㣬
ֻ⳥ʦʧѡҶ쵭˵
ͷһ˿ɫͦţݺݵ˵У㣬֪ʲô𣿡
ҹʲôˣ첻Ǯʣ첲ҲˡҶ侯
ߣǹ죬үҿ˵ˣ״˶ˣ˶ȫˡһ뵽ԼĿɽͷʱʮ㡣
ͷⷬʦɫ৵һ±òҰףЩֻһûȣĵ˵ϡ
˿̣Ѿû˼ȥڵϵֻϽ첽ҶǰСߴٵˣϽߣٲ߿ɾˡûǣܲĴſڡ
Χ˽ҲǺ֮ͬɫΪǶ֪ϴ鷳ˡ
ȻҶȴǲΪȻЦЦͷʵ˶˽ʲôأⶫСǿô꣬Ҳûˡ
ߣҴ֪Ҳ˵ĵҰ㹷治СͷЦ
᣿ⲻǹ𣿡Ҷ쾪ȵ
ΧĹǶ̿
ͷֱҧֵĻҴ˵ţȡֻ
Ҷʼ磬˵Ŵһ̽壬Ͱи㳶ϱߵ˺ɣҲ塣
Сӣ㣬ţͷŭһĵ绰ֽ˶ˣŲᣬǸݽɫ
绰ܿͨͷſǻίͰ͵ĺ磬ңұ˸ˣ첲ˡ
أ绰ľ
ͣ¥Ĵſڡͷش
绰ҶϣѾæˡ
ͷֻĵ˵Ҷ죬ŵСӣ͵ɣ
ڲΪˣΧ۵ȺҲ˵һЩţ׵ܵܵĸ첲ˣȻưոݣͷ˵·һ
ʦȻҲ֪أٴҶ콹ȰˣˣϽ߰ɣǲʡһɲǵģٲ߿ðˡ
ߣߣѾ̫ˡͷߵ
Ҷȴȫû⣬Цû뵽˶ѾǲϵһˣЩֵܵͦĵġ
Ҷ㲻֪صӣ˵ʦΧĹҲ˰ѺѾв˳ԹȰϽ
Ҷ飬Ҷҡҡ˵գ캦֮£ӦܵͷţҲֻǼѣ˵ıʣ˵ĳԲˡ
ȻǰǸҶ⽭мķڹڳͷ¶棬ҲΪࡣټЩڽ伣ǶѾڵòǰı࣬ڳûһܽϳ
ҶⷬԲѵĻΧ۵ȺǶǼò֪롣
ˣڿɲ˵ʱ򣬸Ͻ߰ɣҪȻɾˡһͷȰ
ǰɲ£ĴǿĵġһŮļȰ
ˣԸҪҲΪӺӿǿǰ
ΧЩȰ˵ҶﲢܣЩУ˾ƻĴڡ
ûãȺһºÿÿϽÿ
Χ۵Ⱥܿóһʮǿ׳Ĵ󺺿첽˽Ϊ֮ǸĴ󺺣Ȼǹͷ״ᡣ


625 
˳֣ΧȺڸϽͣһӣԿǶ൱µġ
첽ߵ˹ͷǰӷױεұۣ϶ʱŭ⡣
˭ģȻʵ
磬⣬ǣСͷָָ˪˪Ҷ졣
תͷ˿ˣŭʵǴģ
һԵʦѱŵöð亹Χ۵Ⱥڶһͬ飬ǿнڽˡ
ȻҶȴƽƵģһмĳ˳ᣬȻʵ˶˰ɣ
ҶǰòἫȲˬһ˿ɫ˵ֱǰ³Ǹץ
һҶȥȻճ嵽Ҷǰһء죬ȲعʮѾ̱ڵϲҽš
һԱ߹ƻ
ΧĹſͶһˣڳô˫۾û˿ҶôЩ˸ŵģ˵һĻֱ
Ƭ̼žһӦ۾Ҷһۣȥһǹ˳
ȡǹΧȺɾڲǹָҶɲǣҶӰһһǰ
Ȳ⶯ѱҶסֻǡһö˶˵ͱ۳˹ľʮȣǹ֮䣬Ҷֽ̽ס
ĲҽԲ
ΧһƬžżĭ޷ţս޲ʤĲᣬȻ㲻һ
Ⲣֲܹᣬֻ˵ǰʵ̫ǿˣѾԽ˳˵ⷶΧ
ز¶ѹ˵˶һ޿ֵӡ
Ȼո˵󣬿ӦǸӡ
˿ɲôǵģҪǲϽˣ˵ĴٴҲ·һ
Χ̾ҲȻҶֺܱҿãνһȭѵֻ֣һ˾ͨ챾죬ҲܶԸټ֯
ǹͷѾסˣԭ׼Ҷ찤ᣬϣԼţƵﶼ˸СӼֱˡ
Ҷһ߰ǹһͷȥͷ¶֮ɫ˿Ѿ˳ϣ޿ˣֻܶſҶ첽ƽ
ͷǰҶץֻϵĸ첲˦£ͷɱĲҽС
Ҷɿ֣ЦǺǵʵʲôһɡ
ͷ̱ڳβϣͷðŶĺ飬ŴѾʹˡ
ǸᵹǸӲӣֱ۶ϣǽҧأһĵҶ죬ȵСӣ֣
Ҷͷῴȥ٩ҵȻ֣û޶ôˣѵû𣿡
ߣҲˣˣ뿪ꡣᴭŴΪϵľʹɫࡣ
ڲǸ𣿰ߴð˴ȫгɣҾһɾˡҶȻ˵
ǴԲѣҵ뿴㵽Ǻηʥ˵űȡֻʵѾµԷܿǸ֮ˡ
Ҷ첢δֹԮʦĻţǵҶǰѵˣ˿ɲ򵥣ƾһǶǵģ㻹ǸϽ߰ɡ
ΧĹҲ׷Ȱ˵ǶϣΪһʱС
ҶûǵȰ˵ǹһݲȵ̬
绰һͨϽ˵ǿ磬϶ˡ
ԷеĳƺҶȻܹµһһǸСǿĵ绰
ô£Сǿеʵ
¥ſӣҴļֵȫҲˣԼҲˡһƵ˵
ϴСǿ˵
ǿ磬һֲЩˣǵöϼһֲĵѵ
֪ˡСǿӦһ˵绰
绰Ҷ쿴ȥЦСӣϽӰɡ
ΧȺѾԾɢΪ֪ȻһҵĽҪǿ̫û׼ͳ޹ˡ
ʦһԼֱţҲǣҲǣƬֻ̳ܼҶȰˣҵĳǸϽ߰ɡɽڣûգ㻹ôᣬװǶ಻ֵá
ҶЦʦļ˵ʦͷĺˣող˵˻кñңµġ
Ҷôһ˵ʦ͸Ӽˣŵѵѽˣǲ֪˵˶ڣҸ϶ǹġ
ϲҲ𣿡Ҷǹһζ˵
㣬⺢ôôأҪٲߣңҿɾͲˡʦЩ˵
Ҷʼ磬ΪЦʦſϷˡ
㣡ʦһ˦֣߷˵Ҳˡ˵ִߵ˪˪Ӹǰ˪˪˵ӣϽ˱ȥɡ
˪˪ҡҡͷ˵ʦĲµġ
Դ˵ҵģл˶򲻹
ôȰǺءʦֱš
ϸ磬ȻǲȰʳɣϽߣˡԶʦȰ˵
ǰҪ£
Ҳ׷׸ʦ˵˵Էǲﶼֺɸֵĸо
ʦҲʮգԷϾҲΪԼ棬Ż䵽ⲽأǾһ֮ɹⲻȥ
Ƭ˼ʦյ˵ҪҲˣǿɱǣ޹ĺӡ˵ţֱĺһѱȻ첽ȥ
ʱ¥ſڣ첽һȺˣȺĲӣ¹ֳȥȻЩ˿ǳֿȭӣϾԲǹ֧
˵ĴΧԶۿȺǶǶ㵽һЩӵĺ󷽣´ῪսʱĳӵƫԼš
Ⱥ˺ܿ嵽ֳ֪ԷǸӣǶûҿ̫Χһֱʮ׵ĴȦ˵һ·Ȼǹ
֧СǿӣгԱܹרҵѵͨɱֲ֣֮ˣǾӦ
ֳΧסСǿ˴߽ΧȦУΪ˵ǸңСǿصؽӣĿǰؾǰڵΪһĶȻǲڻ¡
СǿǱ۶ϵ󣬿첽ȥ
ɫ԰ףһһϢģСǿʵᣬû°ɣ
ûԼƣһܵСǿǰͷָҶ죬Сǿ˵ǿ磡Сӣ


626 
Ự£ΧһƬžǶĸᵽɤۣҶ³ǿ֪ģǵԺѾҶĻ档
Сǿ˳ŲָķȥԶǸӰ
էƺмϤٵɴϸһ𾪵ðͷҧˡ
Լ۾Ӱ̧۾ٵۿȥϤȴһҲû䡣
Сǿ˿ĭֹѲΪϴû˯ãԳ˻þ˵ţŤͷϵӣɵ˵壬۾ЩʹˣҾȻӰ
㣬ҲˣһΪԼأѣѵƣԶԶҶ죬Ҳͬ޷Լ۾ĸӰ
ôһ˵СǿҶϸ˳϶˵û磬硣˵䣬æҵĴӶͳְֻγһ롣
绰ͨСǿزк죬ˣˣ
Χ˶ǿһͷˮǲСǿΪλ㼤ǰ޷Сǿ˿̵ġ
ϵ绰СǿһۣԼͬҶ첽ȥ
ҴҶǰСǿϲ磬㣬ңһΪԼأﻹżˮ
ƣôȴ绰ءҲּ˵
ǺǣⲻûֻҶЦ˵ֻҪܿԼˡֵܣȻվǰҲͱˡ
ããͺáҶ첲Ҳ⡣
ֳ˶ˣԭΪҶ콫Ҫͷ­ѪˣϾϷԵĻ档
Ī˾ǰ˵Ǹ̫ү
˲ˣոλǿ绹أһǸҶ졣
˵ôһʼ;ô죬û뵽Ȼ龪һ
ǸǸͷɵõùˣȻԼĶͷ˾νвԱа
ЩͷȺ½˳ǽͷӶţʱʱҶ쿴ȥﾡǳݺ;顣Ϥ֣ɹǼ䡣
͹ͷѵǳɵۣȻҲµҶݣҲֻรˡ
˺˼Ҷ콫ǹСǿһת⣬СǿѵСǿɱ֣øҸĽͣҪȻʲôְְͣʡ졣
СǿЦҶʵ磬⣬⵽Ƿʲôأ
Щ˶㸺İɣҶʵ
ǡСǿͷ
ѹֶһԡҶСǿ˵ֵֵۣӦʹ;˰ɣ
ǵģڳ칫˾ȻӪĴ󲿷ֻǵ²ҵǱַ£ؾ׬ǮСǿش
˵õͦģҿǹĲ˳ʺȻҪ£Ǿ͸ѡЩˣ㶼ȺʲôˣҶûĺǳ
СǿϽ磬֪ˣͷһ鴦ЩƷӣһذɡ
Ҷ̾˿ڰֵ˰ˣЩ֮Ҳˣ»Ҫ飬ɾûôˡ
ǣǣ磬ұ֤Ժ󲻻ٷˡСǿƤЦ˵ΧºЩһҴȥͷʡ
ᡢͷе̱ŵЩһﶼСǿ˸Ѻ˻ȥ
ʱ˪˪
˶ץˡ˵
Ǻǣǰ˶ץˡҶЦӦ˵űӣ˵ġĶ幫
幫к
ԹԡüЦӦȻֲҶʵƣ⺢ôôأǶ̥ɣ
ǰŮǽ㣬ģкǵܵܣ˵Щʱڸ͡Ҷ˵˪˪ܵ˪˪λӡ
塣˪˪òӴк
úãôͻȻ嶼ûܸ׼񣬸첹ϡЦǺ˵
壬ѾһˣõôϸءҶЦ
ƣͲˣĵһμֶϱ١
ȻִˣҲͲˣֻǣҵ㣬˪˪ǴҵŹ㣬ǧˣҪȻĿɵöˡҶ컵Ц˵
Цʱ̣ϸһ룬Լɬòʲǫ̂
Σ˪˪æЦ壬Ϲ˵ҿɲʲôŹ㣬ҪӲҪĻ˼һ¾ͳˡ
ֶϱ֪ТɵֶϱúѧѧӳûҶ췴
Ҷúա
ʱ˪˪Ҷѵ죬ʦ¶ûء
˪˪ôһ˵Ҷʦǳӵ£СǿԸ⳵ȥһޣٸλʦһЩò⣬ضױ͸ʦ
Ҷ⻰ϵʦһսսܵҶǰлҶүܰҰѳ޺ãҾѾָлˣ⾭òͱҿա
ҶЦ˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨Щ͵ұղΪȥѵĶ飬㰲°ɡ
ʦ˵ʲôСǿϽǰʦȻ綼ˣջ֮ͲҪƴˡ
ʦжӯҶүңҴһ˸лĴ¡˵ϥҪ¹ȴҶ켰ʱס
Ҷ콫ʦ˵ʦ֮ǰ˵ģţҲǸˣ˻кñġ
ΧĹԭĽʺޣҶⷬ󣬴ﶼֹ
ʦǾȥѳ޺ðɡСǿʦ˵
úãʦЩܳͷӦСǿִƽʱһ涼ѣ˵Դȥ޳ˡ
ˣҲɢ˰ɡСǿΧֵµ
ȺɢǼȵȴǾþƽɷϣǶʦյĸ߶رеۺ졣
Ⱥոɢȥһ⳵ʻ˹ڱͣºЫˡززͳ̱˴ӳ
ôôڲŹأҶɻʵ
ղ·ϳ˵СԵ˵ʱ䡣ڻش
˳˳򣬵۾˼Ҷʵƣ⣬Щòᶼġ
岻ģͷٸͰɡҶ캹յʵˣҰǶðɣ
Ҷôһ˵͵һԴҲ⵵¸ˣƣϽȥ֡


627 
ⷬҶüͷȻæʵ壬׷ʲôˣ
ģǰӣҵ˲֪Ϊҿ󶴡ӽľ¸Ҷ콲һ顣
ҰѾȥԼָˣҶ켱ʵ
ǰңӦþָһ˽ˣҲֵˣԽһԸ˹ȥɫ˵
أҶ׷ʵ
ݺرǰѾִҿ󶴣Ȼûз˾ָˣǽк˳룬صҺٷˣԲء˵
͹ȥ壬Ǿͽˡ仰ҶӰһܿʧӰ١
Ҷߣһ˴¥ſڴҴ˳
ӣոСǿ˵ˣأһɨûҶ죬ɻʵ
ոոҿ󶴣Ӫȴȥˡӻش
ȻѾǴһоˡϲ˵
ӷͷ˵ǰĿǰһӵ쾳Ϊˣ϶ԽǰȫȻġ
ڳ˪˪һ˿˿ʵ壬ǿɶҶֵܵѣ
ǰǶǸһġӻش
ﶼ죬ҶǰƷǶҲЩ˽⣬¿ôλƯŮˣȻҪǷ롣ȻǲĻЩŮˣĺӡ
ҶùĿ⿴ӣӸЦ˵룬Ƕ̥
壬ⲻصɣƵ
ӺٺһЦ˵ȻҲϣȷʵƵĺӡھǱңҲ˵ţߵӸǰӣĶ幫˵һһӱЦ޵ӳöɰ͸Сʱһģһ
ӣӶʲôأϲʵ
ģܵܽӻش
ˡЦȲֵӣ幫Ҳһ
ָϽƿǰ˵ôҲ幫ȱɡ
ָ磬ⲻ˾㱧ģұСľˡ˲
˵ţȴּˣ˵幫ڣСҲֲ㱧
ˣҪӣһԵڵ˶̿
ˣǼڴȥʲôأ⺢ֲߣҪȽȥٱɡںǺЦ
ʱѾ֣Ҳɹɰ˸ֵúϲ졣
һ˵Цĳſȥ
ҿ󶴵ĶڴŻүĸ첲Զĺ󺰵ٸʱ䣬Ҫٲ˳ˣҾšĲӡָү˶Ѻڿǰĳ롣
ˣϽ˿ǹϼһɷѡү߷µȻı˵ʣֽűסƴˡ
ϴô죿ڹʵڹƥ֮ûʲô汾£ЩҲδأ꣬
˵ڸϹֻҪʱͿˡ˵
ֻ֮ڸϵ𣿡ڹǵ
ϲҲ޷˱ǡ򶨵˵
ɾϵҲδܴϼһ˸ȳɡڹǲġ
ȵ˵ɡ˵
ǣڹӦ
Ȼ˵ʱ䣬ҲżԷšڼ䣬үһֱ¸ͣøַʽ̼Ҫǹ൱ƣзԸɱأֻϻҲһɷѡ
Ӻ󣬼ԷȻûгˣٴκʱҪˣٲˣҿɾͲˡ
үֵӿǹҳ˾ǹӣ
ͷߣΣҲգҲգڱѡֻӲͷƤãǳˣֻҪ˺ʣǿԷߡ˵ţڹԸˡ
ǣڹӦһȻŴӻ󷽳롣
ԷĳˣҲû̫࣬һÿȺ½˸Ѻ˳
һԭвˣʱ򣬱˴룬ڽʣˣҲͬвǹ
ŻүһȥѹŲ󷽳ˣΨһҪıʱ䡣
үһߣһ߱ŴֿڣôãɤӶðˡ
ϻˣʡɡһԱѺŵĺүƵȰ
ߣͷôƵġү߷˵
ٷϻʵ㡣ȵ
үƲƲû˵ʲôҲˡ
˻ɽ⳷ˣǱһľ룬ȿȥ
ںĴ˳ɽȵʱҶڸ˹
磬ˡڹۼ⣬ԶͿҶ죬Цвӭȥ
ڹ⸱ֺģҶЦ˵ڹ㻹һհ
ٺ٣磬Һڹǳ൨ģ˵꣬Ҳ䡣ڹƨ˵
˰ɣٸҶˡҶ첽ȥ
磬ʱϻҰһҵ˵Ҳż
ҶЦЦʵ
Ǹո˳ɽȣӦúܿͻˡ˵
˶ȫɣҶʵ
ȫش
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǿͷɡ
磬ڶԷϣҪ˿²̫סǵ
ĺˣʲôҪһˡҶԸ
ǣӦһû˵ʲô
ΧЩСǶͷӶ˽ƺУ˲³ҶݣܲѡȻ󲿷˶ûۼʶҶǹĴ˵ٵġ
ûãЮ̵Ĵɽ˳
үǰͷһ߳ȿڣ㿴Ҷ졣۾һɣ죬ͺ֮ǰСǿһۿҶʱһһʱ֮޷Լ۾
ںͷľָҲܿ쿴Ҷ죬Щ㵵ѿ˵ǲ𣡡
ϴҲˣô˵Ҳûпۣү
ܿ죬ָҲ̿Ҷ졣
磡ƣ
Ͼޱ˷ܵ飬ҶʱͻȻ֣ʼδġ
෴ģؿǰϤӰʱɫ˲࣬ĪĿ־Ȼ


628 ƻ
ػļǵã򳤷ϣСԼ̬ɽ򳤷ܣС
ȥСӵ׳ɳ˺εȾأȥġ
ͷ겻ҶŹЦݣмųֱŭԼǰµĳ£ҵĺޣԲҡ
ϵļ˲ֵ˵㣬㾹Ȼˣ΢΢£Ҳ֮š
ǰһˣȡ˵ĹˡҶĿҲޱȡ
˿ĭѹеĿ־壬вѵ⵽ֵ׷ɱ𣿡
֪֪֪֪һ˭֪ҶаЦ˵
ͷһʶΣգæƿĻүֽ̽󷽵УסĲӣЦб͹ɱҡ
ƣңɱ쵰ñҲĿˡҶ캰
֣Ϲ˵ʲôأһôȥء
㶣ȻȻǴӶģٶһǰҶӰʧ
һ̣ڳ˶һ죬ǸûҶκζȻӰȴǹȰĶݵԡ
صһҪȥšĲӡȻᡱһ죬顣ţ첲ϴһĴ̹ǵľʹָ첲ҶӲĴӼϰ

زҽˣһ룬ֲ۴һʹָ첲Ҳ˼
̱ڵأΪʹѾࡣ
Χ˶ˣЩҲǴûκηӦ
Ҷ콫ĸ첲һ˦׳ö룬ص˫ȡ
أص˫ȱըϡãѾûʹˡ
ţҶȡö룬ص˿ڸѪֹסȻߵǰЦɣģڵﲻµģҵ˺ܿͻġ
Χһļžֻǳصĺ
ȻЩ̣ԶԶ޷ƽϢҶеĺޣҺ˵ⶼֻǸʼ
ҶĿһתЩҹӿȥ
ҶĿ⣬Щ߹Ǿֵȴƺǹòˡ
ҶûгȥԸЩˣ˽⿪ϵȻԸһ
ɱһءǹЩ߹ûܴӾ֮лѾ˷ѡ
úǹͣҶɢһɨȷѾûлڣڹԸͽˣʬ嶼Զ㡣
ǣڹĭͷӦȻѼʶҶĿ£Ǵʱ˿̣ڹĻǡءȻңûΪС
ȥ·ϣү˵ۣʵ˵ϻոǰʮ˴ˣ˵Ҫôأ
үһϽŹϴ󣬸ոֻҪ֣Ϲģǧȥ
ߣҪͳϻˡߺߵ
Ҷ˶ǹЦ
ţüͷǵҶʵƣȻɱˣֽסҪ˶ãǱ߾ͻ֪رɱʱǿɲưոݣǲӦǰ׼أ
֣òŵģλΪҡҶ˵
ҿλ쾳ǿߣ쾳ǿߣܶԸ𣿡ĵʵ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵ҪƴʵѾ޵ˣ˵ң̤ƽҲڻ¡
Ҷⷬ˶ɣϾʵЩʵʣΪҶڴţƤ
磬Ѵﵽ쾳ΪǶֻǵؾˮƽܶԸ𣿡үɵʵ˵ˣԸҶ൱ѡ
ҶǺЦҴڽ˲˻ӵ쾳ΪԸȻڻ¡
ģλ쾳ǿߣүҲĿࡣ
ʵڽ磬쾳ǿ߲ûʲôϡ棬ԺлȥڽҶ˵
Щ
Ծ֮࣬үȲ磬ȻڵʵѾôţˣɴһɱңҲƽ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵ҪңͲѴ֮Ǿô˵ĻδҲ̫ˣҪһ
ղص³˶˿ĭ
磬ʲôƻ𣿡ָʵ
Ҷ΢΢һ˵ٹ£һεִӦþҪĻˡ
ǰǰһǻר£Ҿҵȥμִᡣ˵
ţүʣ磬ἰִᣬĪҲμӣ
ִǲ쾳ǿ߳ϯİɣĿǰݿɲͷ¶档ү˵
Ща취ִᣬǷǵҪףһҪ֮λҶƺмƻ
Ҷⷬ˶Щ˼顣
˼Ƭ̣ʵƣѵԲμ
ִ涨ֻжʮµ˲ܲμӣҶĿǰֻжʮ꣬÷׼
ָҲɵؿҶ죬Ƕһȥˡ
Ҷȴҡҡͷ񶨵ҳս
˶һ졣
߿ɶЩϼһ֮Ҳû˷ϲҪˡ
ĪڽУʺϲѡү²
ҶͷЦǰиʮѾͷӵ쾳Ϊεϯǡ
ʮꣿ죬쾳Ϊү°ͶѾˣ˵ķӦҲ࣬˵ֱ췽ҹ̷
ȷʵǸ˵ѾͷҶЦ
ﶼǿֹǲˣֱˡ
Щ˵ķӦҶǺһЦ˵ʵδļ˶ͦ˵ġ
˳
Ƭ̣ͻȻҶ֮ǰ˵һɵʵƣո˵ҪһȥӣĪǣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵û֣Ѿүүˡ
ϵܣϲˡЦ
οɴٺϢָҲǿĵ˵
𼤶飬ȲʵƣкŮأʲôأ
Ƕ̥ģܵܽҶش
磬ʵ̫ˣȻһһǶүЦ
λȥɵúúףһˡүЦ˵
ǰ磬Դߺ󣬴ҾҲûоһֹˣɵһݡָˬ˵
ҹעߡ


629 
ֱ࣬һžˣΨһźԵš
ĿǰζҩѾռζֻҪܹҵѪʣƳɵܷȻҶҲûףҲܵһԡ
ϣţı۾Ϸŵ⡣ȨķӡܹάֶãҶ첢ǰϵķӡѾȵ࣬Ҷв
ټֻᣬܼܿҩƳˣʱһԿġҶּᶨ˵ͯĻʱӰһԺļǵãǸСѾͷ׷ԼĺŸ硣ЩõĻ׷ȴҲ˿ҸĺۼĻǱˡ
Ҷһۿˮǿб˻ȥڻʱ򣬲һ̣١
ص˶Ӱ֣ϲõЦݣѾܾû㿪Ĺˡ
ǰĻֻ棬ҶһֱڴĳֲиطܶΪþܹ㿪ĻЦˣҲˡ
ƣ͸Сʱһģһһ㶼ٳҲǸߵҶǰЦ
壬ٹ꣬ҲȢˣʱҲԵүүˡҶЦ˵
˵ô죬14꣬ô˵Ҳٵʮŵүүء˵
ҶǺһЦʵ壬ʻ治𣿡
Ц⣬ԭҸȡ֣ϣгһܹҡڣҸҲָտɴˣ͵˽ԭӦɸеĵӣɶиˡ
ˣΪҵһӣεν߶ҶЦ˵
Цŵ˵ͷ̾˿˵ʵǴˣҴñ֮󣬴ұ˽ƽ
ƽδҸʦһǣң˼䣬ܱɱɱҪáҶͬ
ţתƻ⣬ҶưѾӵĵˣ鷽Ҳ̸ˡ
ҶЦ˵壬ʵѾˣҪȻ檳ȺŮˡ
ǺǣԼ֪ǾˡЦҶ
ôһᣬҶ첻ʫá
ү˵ǰʫñĸǰˡ֮ǰһţǷҶһֱûв𿪿֪ǲ뿴Ļֻǲ뿴ȴĻ
Թ緹Ҷ쿪ȥ˽Ǵ
ǰҰݣһƬ
ţһϢӭɳҾߣŷ֣һƬ塣
֪Ҷķ䣬˵ͷӡ
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һҶȵûԪѹƾƾԼ֮
Щ̫̫꣬²֮£֮£Ҷ֮£˳ĵģ˳ĵ£һԺ
һֻ̣ǵĳƮõ֮УҲգҲգһл̡
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ž۵Ҹʱ׾Թ϶һתۼţҶصһ£ִỹвһµʱ䡣
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УûٶĴ֣ȻҲûţշ˲żһ̵û֪£ЩСʲôĿģԿ϶ǣֽ̫ƽˡ
򸮱һһɽΪ·̲ʯɽ棬ʮʺ
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ʱˡٵ
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壬˸ɱˡ򳤷Ȼ
һ۾򳤷磬һ˿ŭ⣬ʵô£
һǰǱ߷˵٣Ǳǲǰ顣ǰӶǱͻȻʧȥϵ˹ȥ鿴֪ϵ˶ʧˣֳѪ֪ºǰȥѰֱղһεɽҵϵ˵ʬ壬Ҷֽžϣúܲҡ򳤷ϸ˵
򳤷Ľ⣬ŭȻ˵һΪˣ
ƾǼ˵ʵӦòɱϣҲѲϵǸҶСڽ齨һ˵Ѿռʡ֪һסζ֮һΪΪ˶֮⣬˶ǹɱ򳤷
û˵
ʵ˵ҲߵģôһֱĴ׷ɱˣɵͷǵһ񣬷ԼҼλϵءƣ˽ǱҶɱ˵νʧء
û򳤷ʵ壬ҴҺչȫ湥ƣ֪Σ
ҡҡͷ˵ҪĻǲִ֮ᣬԸ֮£ǵִɡ
壬Ѿûкʵѡȥμҿֱӷˡ򳤷˵
εԭûسս쵭Ȼ˵
򳤷һ죬ʵǸ˭սأ
سսδʤùĴţ֯ϻǳս˵˴ĹھǷĪġʱ䣬ֻøɣ˴ִϵжκβءԸ
ǣ򳤷Ӧ
ţʵǶΣ
һֱԶ⺢ϴҩĸִ֮ǰ̤ؾڣĹھضʮþˡ򳤷ش
ţ˵ͷȻְ˰˵ˣûµĻȥɡ
ǣ򳤷ӦһȻת£ʯš
򳤷ȥ쳤̾һ֪нĽͲӦ̰ͼЩСˣҲҵıӦɡ
컺۾ϲ˲ɣ


630 
ִỹаµʱ䣬ЩӣҶѾ׿Ա̱һͬǰɱء
ĸ·˽һƬɽ֣ƬɭֵشƫƧƽʱȻ˹ǱȽʺЩ֯Ļء
ɭֵ˺һ֦ҶϷģ͸ںƵġ
ǰȷ·ߣҷܣ۵ľһЩͺͺɣӰ˵Ĺľһ˽˵أ߼͵·
Ҷڳ̱󣬿ڴ֮дţһӣʵ·ǿʲôأ
ƬɭĴ󲿷϶ǣ۴ĸ˳ҵء̱ش
ԭˡҶ׹ʣƽʱҪô·Ͳ鷳𣿡
ЩĳԱƽʱһٻػء̱͵
Ҳ˵ֻ鳤һЩĳԱˣ
û
жӦû˳ҶЦ
ȻεĶʵǿҲδǰ˳Ϊһɱ֣ҪְҵؾǱ֯ܣҪǿ׻ɲǼ׵¡̱ѵ
Ҷĵ˵֯ĳԱܸʴıȣŻЧңֻҪҸ˵а취ǽϵĸʴ֮Ӧû׵ġ
δҲ̫ˣΪһɱ֣Ҫ֣߳Ҫ侲ͷԣɲƾܺƹȥġ̱˵
ҶЦЦ˵ʱ򿴰ɣҪ취вͨһֶΣԯҽɿɲβˣ̱ƹıҲ൱˵õġ
̱û˵ʲô첽ǰȥ
һǰһɭﴩ˴ԼСʱһƫƧɽɽȵһһ׸ߵɽڱïʢţǲϸֲˡ
̱ǰǿڵֱ˽ȥҶϡ
ɽ󣬳̱ͷҶѵˣɽ·ȻΪߴҲδػΣգ϶ʲôýġ
ĺˣôˣҲġҶӦ
ϣˡ̱˵űŲﱼȥɽޱȣ̱ٶȴ˿Ӱ졣Ȼ·Ѿ൱ϤǱ۾Ҳߴ
ȻڰĻҶ˵ҲǹӰģԶԶɢҲͿ̽ǰ·ˡ
̱˵ɽǵʮһֲ·ʶ·뵽ҵȷ·ȷʵʮѡ
ɽﱼһ̣̱ĽŲȻͣҶһӺײȥüʱɲס˽ŲҪȻ˶ˤ
úõͻȻͣأҶƵ
ɽ·ѾˣҽŻأϽԪ̱ܳҶѵ
Ҷһ߳ԪܣһʵµĻػᴥʲôЧأ
ܿͻ֪ˡ̱˵ԼҲԪܣ̧˽š
̧ŵɲǣһ¡¡ͷֻͨȻֱ̮ѹ˵Ԫֹܷס
ػ湻ݵģҪԪܶţñѹҶá
һǱȻвǾͳԪֱӳ嵽ͷɡ̱˵űǰȥ
ҶϣȥոմӶµǿҡ¡һ׹ڵأ֮ͨһ
һ·ϣ½ȵ˸ǧٹֵĻأмӺǰ˹
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̱˵ֱӳڡ
һ˳Χڶڵ˷׷װڳӦսƣЩϴ·͵Ϯ̱Щɱһֻؿڴͼɫͬ
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ûϵ̱׵ĳֻ֣æҵسһ
ȻŸոճſ㱻׻һ룬ֱӴ͸˳ȵԴ
ͨһͷԵڵء
һĻ˽¶֮ɫô˵Ҳǵؾǿߣ¾ȻԷ׵Ļɱˣ˿Էӵ쾳Ϊ
ۣ϶ˣΪ޷̽ǰ˵Ϊٴӳ̱ղ¶һӦö쾳ǿߡ
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ϵٶȿ죬ҲǲװҶ츺ں󷽣Цŵ
̱ЩʬɨһɨȻ˵ԸСɫȻ׾ٵġ
ûãһͷǰһɽＲƬ֮˸ǰ
˿Щʬ壬ͷüͷһ壬̱ȥͬ¶֮ɫȣ̱ڸʴϮ֮»еԾΣǰ˵Ϊ޷͸Ծ
ܿ侲ų̱ڶ̶ʱΪ쾳ΪһʲôֶΪ
û뵽ͦӲͷ˵
ȳ̱˵Ҷǰ˵ӦúܺϸʴĶôġ
Ҷôһ˵ͷЩݣȻҲϣ˵ܹǲɫҶ쿴ȥ˵˵£û뵽ԯҽܽ˶
Ȼ˵ҵ£ӦҲ֪˰ɣҶʵ
ȻҵҵжҲвμӣһӦѾ֪ˡͷֱ׵˵
Ҷһ˿ɱ⣬ܿ㽫ɱǿѹȥȻ˵㣬Ϊ˱ֻһʽס
֯Ϣͷʵ
ûֻҪ֪ܰһжңұʴĶҶ˵


631 ƹ
ҶĻͷԥƬ̣Ц˵һʼȷʵе㶯ģϸ룬ֻҪһֱ֯ⸯʴĶҲͲᷢˡڵĶ֯ǱȻ⵽֯׷ɱ˵ҺαҪֳֺõĽأ
ҶЦһ˵û㱳֯ǻ⵽֯׷ɱǣǲνףϾ͵˵ޱȡ
ߣƾɱңδҲ̫ˡͷߵԱϣ˫һĨӲӵذУٲȻµȽϵ
ͷȡҶ쿴ȥʱȴ֣ԷӰȻԭʧˣͷкȻ
ʱҶӰȴ𣺡ǾԼаɱңԡ
ͷһŵسԪܣذףת󷽺ɨȥ
ͷĹƷϮ;ᡱһ죬ϵԪ֮䱻ţϮһɻ˱ɳȥԶ
غͷһµǵĴӵҶ쿴ȥѾû֮ǰһ𾪵顣ԷȻɻԼԪܣΪȻҪԶԼ֮ϣʶһ㣬ͷͷ˺⡣
ôǲӦ¿ǿǷҪأҶаЦʵ
ͷ˿ĭ۽ǲ˲һ˵ҰԼ֪ϢǣҲδػһ·ȻֺαҪǳأ˵ţͷʮָɴľذףҪԼؿڴȥΪɱ֣˵ɿ־塣
ȻҶɲΨһϵѸʩչײͷǰ£סĵѨļ
ͷ˫Ĵȥذסһڵء
ҶЦ⣬˵ɱֻ֪ɱˣȴ֪бɱ˸Ȥ£̱ƹɱֲηȴ֪һֱʹ£
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ҶüͷһЦ˵ʲôأȻҪ뷽跨İԴϢиƳˡ
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㾡Ӳǣҵֶοɶúܣû취㡣Ҷ첻ΪȻ˵̱ȥѣûʲô⣬ղǸϵļһҳɱˡ
̱ʲôҲû˵ֱɽﱼȥ
̱ߺҶֺЦţͷʵ޻Цأ
ͷҧأᶨƵغȵʲôֶΣʹɡ
Ӧ˵ЦѨѨɣһǺҵεѨλΪԯҽɴȻܹ׼ȷҳѨλӦҲ֪ЦѨ֮ͻЦֹһֱЦֱˮð沿ѣȻģ˵ġҶͷΧȦӣƵ˵
ͷԴһƲһӡ
ҶǺһЦ˵ҾЦɡ˵ţ̽ͷһͷЦ
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ɽȺ񶾽̵ɽЩƣ滷ɽ½¿පɽ൱棬⸽Ӧʯڡ
ȻƬɽȵԶԶ񶾽̣һһȦתˡ
ʱͷЦЦֱȿ޻
ҶûдЦţƬ̣̱첽˻
ʲô𣿡Ҷæʵ
̱ǿЦͷ˳򣬽һҶ춪ȥ˵Щļһ㿴֮ͻյԣֻҵơ
Ҷӹƿ˿üͷһ壬ѿ˵ɽ飿
ʶƣ̱ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ձ֯ɽͨơ
ձߣѵⰵɱ鱳֯ɽ飿̱ʵ
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ңѵҲЩ֯ϵ̱ɵ
û֮ƺִеġǰǴִϣĴ⵽ձߵ¶͵Ϯһǰ˳밵ɱ鱳֯ɽ飬֮ȻϵġҶϸط
ЩˣȻҲйϵǵǶһ̱˵
ţҪܴͷʳмֵϢǾòˡҶ쿴˿̱ڵأŶӿҪЦͷ˵
룬֪ϢӦò̫࣬ƽʱҲЩĳԱһ뿪ҪĻһ㶼һλִǰ֪̱ͨƺû̫ϣ
ִ£ѵִõִ£Ҷʵ
̱ҡͷ˵ҾͲˣִֻһΣҵʱֻΪҲ޷Ϊ硣
Ҷ˵ͷûټʡ
û˵ͷĴЦš
֮󣬼ͷЦÿҪӣҶǰͷһ㡣
ͷЦֹסŴ԰׵ϲ󺹣ϵļǲͣš
ôЦúܹɣҪǻûͨĻҿÿ춼ЦôġҶаЦ
ͷڴ˵ΪΪ̶ȵĥͣй𣿡
˼ǣõ̻ˣҶЦʡ
ֶܰʹǡͷԾɺǿ
Ҫ˵ֶΣһЩʹôһ͵ģҪǶ̵̫Ļȥ״ǵ١ҶΪѵ˵
ߣʵģϽְɡͷߵ
˵ͷôôһأȻﲻѡʹ֮ǰҪĥֺοأҶȰ
֮ܶǲģҿʳ˿ϢͷӲ˵
Ҷεҡͷ̾˿˵֪ԼΪܹܵסϵĥΪľ᲻ɴݣһôʱ򣬱˵̵ֲĥˣҾǻһ㶼Ÿ
ͷԾƲԴһ۲ӵӡ
Ҷ˶٣ּ˵֪ûһֽѻڤĹӡ˹СҺˣͨںڣζ࣬ƶӵȽⶾкĻ𣬽ѪѹĹЧʮƬݲȡȻôݲ裬ƹΪ˹о綾䶾Բ壬ǳ꣬鵽ѻ֮ʹʹ
˵ţִӴȡһѻڤõͷǰ˻Σ˵ûѻڤͷСǺϡġⱲܳһţҲǰ˱ĸˡ
ҶŶħһ΢Ц


632 
ἰⴢ䣬ò˵ǣʹȻҪڽʹøӺķѾһĵؾʿܲ
£ͷҶǿźڲСӣɫüΪѿ
ô벻볢һأҶ콫ѻڤڵͷǰЦʵ
ͷһƲԴ
Ȱ㻹ǾйɣҪȻѻ֮ʹйǿɾͳԿˡҶѵ
ͷᡣ
ҶַȡһѻڤõͷǰаЦûСүأȻͦϡģҲȫТϣһ¡
ͷңɻӲͷƤҧء
Ҷʼ磬˵ӣǵȸ㳢һŲˡ˵ȡһѻڤǿͷºЦܰɡ
ѻڤҩЧܿ췢ͷ﷢ҵİ˫ֶãֻܲͣշתӡ
ͷʹģ̱ǵ᲻ᱻʹأ
ĺˣ˵ģֻҶ˵
Ƭ̣ͷЭˣŴధܲˣ˵ȫ˵ʹɡ
ѻڤĹЧҶ൱ĵģʱ򣬿ɷ˺üţǿľ֧ţҲֵܼϾʮִģ־Դ꣬һܵ־ĸҲͲˣ̸μǿ
ͷģҶһЦ˵ʹû취ֹͣģ;ˣԼͣȰҲֻܵȴҩЧȴˡ
ͷͣĲҽţΪѻڤҩЧٵó죬ҶɴһԴ
ʱܿȥͷ˵ȴǼʱѾֹͣк̱ڵأһϢ
ҶվߵǰʵͷҲˣڸʵ˰ɣ
ͷ΢΢˵ͷ
ǺãʣȣǰɱɽʲôϵҶʵ
Ҳֻ֪żǻһЩӴЩ֯İšͷػش
ǺҵĹϵҶʵ
ʮǰ˳֯ģҲֻ֯һӶѡͷش
ôѪϴҵĶЩˣ
ͷҡҡͷ˵Ҳֻһͨɱ֣
Ҷ̱ȥ֤ͷԵ٣̱ͷӦ
Ҷֻعͷʵƽʱ´ִʲôˣ
ɱרŸлһִ¡ͷش
ô˵ִõִ£Ҷ׷ʵ
ͷ˵ͷִõִ¶쾳ǿߣжв㣬ɱרһλؾԲΪִ¡
ɱõܲģҶ˵Ϊؼ⡣Ϊ֪ɱ鳤ĵλߣ֪ϢҲʮޣԱҵɱõܴмֵϢ
ɱõܲձҲҴûȥͷԹԻش
ձѵ˵ɽɱõܲҶ컳ɵ
Ҳͷҡͷʾ֪
Ҷ룬ʵɱõʲôΪ
Ҳִ֪´ַʴ衣
ҲֻǸտǿܰˡҶЩź̾˿ʣлûһİɱأ
֪
һ֪ҶЩͷʹ
ʱ̱ʵӦа취ϵλɱִ°ɣ
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ʲôʱ򻹻̱ʡ
ǰһΣӦǲˡͷش
ϴΪʲô£Ҷʵ
⡭ͷԵЩԥ
㻹ûгѻ֮ʹҵǲ˷һѻڤҶв
ͷһϽйǣΪִ֮¡
ִ᣿ҶȻϴִɽ͵Ϯ᳡֮£æʣѵִᣬ֯ж
ֻյһϵص㣬жͷش
ϵģҶʵ
ڻ᳡ﴦɽ
㻹֪ʲôϢͳͳ˵ɡҶֵ
ͷҡͷ֪ҲֻЩˣʹʹɱҰɡ
Ҷ̱ȥ̱ҲûʲôҪʵģǱ˦׳һö룬ֱӴͷԴͷƺһȥ
ͷҶͷ̱˵ҲֻȥִѰˡ
ʱҸһȥɡ̱˵š
Ҷ룬ͷӦֵھȻȥɡ
ǣ뿪ɽȡ
صҶ첢ûţڶ̸¡ΪҪ鷳ڳ֮ǰصæݡ
һ֣ԭҶΪֵôǸʮͭˣҵǣ»ľա
Ҷ˲پ򾻿֤Լݣ֪Ҷݺ󣬾ЩǴҶãҵ˿ռŷɡ
֪ԷҶ죬ռŵû̫ȣЦǺǵʵҶʩɿɮ˵ָǰڽ磬Щ꣬Ӧôջɣ
Ҷ쳤̾һ˵ֻ˵еʧɡ
ӷʤܲһʱʧһ£ҶʩһЩռȰ
лɽ̻塣ҶӦ
Ҷʩǰ£ӦҪɿɮɣռʵ
ȷʵҪҪҷɺɮ顣Ҷͷ
ǾɡռҶ뿪ɽȥ
·ϣҶռʵɣ⼸ּûʲô°ɣ
ڰ£һЩС֮⣬Ҳû¡ռŻش
˵һִѡγлֽ붫̽չսǹ¶֮λĪǷҪȺȥɱ孹ӣҶЦʵ
ӷ𣬳˲ɱڹʱԵйʱԷͽĶɱΪϣǷӦġһ붫̽翪սǱִ϶֮λлֽ붫̽罻棬ԸܹƽϢⳡɱ¾ռ˵
ѵȥЩװʺĶ孹ӽȱΪ𣿡Ҷʵ
ΪӦģԹƽӣΪڣԸģ޹ռŻص
ԵƱƱۣҪлֶһȱΪǶ孹ҪﵽͷˡҶ۵
Ƴ磬ֱԹԵ±¡ռ˵
ռſڱտڶЩµĵҶЩͷʹֻðڰֵ˰ˣЩоʵʵĴǵľǵɡЩɱ˷Ż£ЩȥҲֲҲ̡
ӷ𡣡ռҲûٺҶۣΪ˴ʱѾ˶ɿɮĶǰ


633 ؾ
ϴһʯǰʯпȻɿѾ˵
Ҷʩ롣ռҶ
ҲһɡҶռ˵
ǣ˱һʯš
ϴǼң˹ɿкʺ
Ҷ첢֪ɿľΪһֶɿྐྵԼһӵԲΪ磬Ӧ۷ǿˡ
ɿ˰ʯΣºЦҶ˵Ҷʩ
ҪлɮϴγΪָ;Ҷм˵
Ҷʩлģһн컯ɿ˵
ǣҶӦֲϴɮΪȴػԭ֣᲻ɮΪأ
ɿǺЦҡҡͷ˵ϴֻǵҶʩպ󲻻ٻԭΪδ˵Ҷʩعԭ֡ȻҶʲô캦֮£Եеŵԡ
ҶúգȻɿϴڸϼһϷΪ¸صɮΪԼһҲҶָм
ɮģһɼĶ¡Ҷŵ
ɿ˵ͷ˵ҶʩдģҲûʲôùˡţʵҶʩģӦòΪ˸Ĵкɣ
ȷʵҪҪλ̸Ҷ˵
Ҷʩ뽲ɿ˵
ҶͷȻռŵӦûǵһִ϶͵Ϯ֮°ɣ
ǵáռŵͷӦ
Ҷ˵ִϣƵ½ݡ
ŶҶʩǺԵ֪µģռʵ
ǰ죬ڵ鵱ҲҰʱ֪ġ֪ҲѲϵձɽǷһص֯֯ϢĿǰҲһ֪⡣Ҷ˵
ԭˣѹһִϣøڶϮ֮ǰȥռŻȻ׹
ҶͷûϴȻδǴϮ¼Ӧȵõ֪ͨԲŻǰȥ
˵һִϵϮ¼Ƕ̽ΪҶʩе֯һֲ߻ģɿʵ
Ҳ˵ôԣҲ֯Ƕ̽Ҳ˵Ҷ˵
Ҷʩ֪ǲ߻ЩжĿģռʵ
Ҷҡͷ
ʵִᣬĺ쾳ʦԭǰȥأҲЩĵ֯ǰҡɿ˵
ɮʦǰȥòˣֻǾ¶ԷҲǵһ㣬ĻǱȻҲ쾳ǿߣʱ½һսҶǵ
ҶʩĲ²Ҳ޵ʦҪǽ˽ִĻ᳡𴦡ռɿ
ǶԷӣǸػʱ䶼޼¡Ҷ˵
ɿͷͬ
ǿǺáռǵ
ӷ𣬿ռʦֶ뽹꣬ǻһ˳Ȼǡɿ̻
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Ҷ룬˵ɮ˵ûһ˳Ȼʱֻƽһ±ǡ
ĪҶʩмƲߣռʵ
ҶһЦ˵ԷĴɵʵ϶ѾָƣӦûǵʵɳӦ֣ʱٰдλ쾳ǿ߹ȥɱǸֲ
ռźͶɿһۣԵЩ
ţãƶжԱӦԸͻ
峿Ҷ뿪£ع齭ꡭ
ң´λϡԼ쵼һá
Ҷ뿪ǵ죬ұӵ˹ȼұѪϴԼλкǹϢ˵Ϣǵ
ʱ䣬ҲҪӴ׷Ҷ٣ôѿİЩֲ̿ĸ
һҶ첻κζҷʱ䴭һڴסš
쳣žɫҲԵЩء
Ƭ̣ϵ쿪ڲ˵˴ټҹҪ¡
˶Ŀ죬˶٣ּ˵һǣǵ鵽ǸҶС͵͵磬ϷסнţһСٻڽ磬ǱܵһʱӵϢԴҲؿֻš
峤Ϸţʮǰԯҽֳ˲ٵ飬ҶӦʿһͷ˵
ͷ룬˵ԭ֮¶ɺԨ𣬶Ԩѣ¾ͽȥɡ
ǣͷӦ
ջĿ⣬˵ڶ£ǹ¡
ԭžĴʱϸ˵ԶԶҪҶֲ
ʵһǰǱѷټȻҲ֪̤㻪ľкĿģһǽΪá˵
峤һн붫̽ˮ𣬶ܲڶ季ʱ̤һģ᲻ʲôıأɵ
òǶ̽ɣ
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֮Ҷ۰ɣκʱͨ˵
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峤ӦǺؾ֮°ɣһʵ
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϶˷֮ɫ쾳ǿ˵⺣ؾͺ͵ؾʿĿеũؾһǲɼҩıء
Ƭֿ̣˵ϴκؾǶʮǰĺܶ˶δȥϷὫй⺣ؾṩңϣԴ
˵⺣ؾǼΪ֮أвУҿǱȥðΪáһλͷ˵
û⺣ؾ֮ǳ񣬵̺ɲҩҲǽ۲Ԫɲݡˮ黨ЩԪҩڿѰٵõĻɲɼ粻ڵľ֮ҩȻЩҩҲҪԴҿɵ˼С˵
Ͼ¶ֳ飬ؾɲҩȴֲȥðա
۷׷֮ʣѵǴǰؾǧüסؾ֮УΣյľЩʥޣʿ
˵ؾ֮Уһֽ붫֮̽Ķ쳣ңìܼӾ磬һεĺؾƱؽΪʿս
峤Ƕ̽˵ǻ᲻һڶ쾳ǿ߸ؾ֮ʳ롣ǵ
һϷҲпǣϷؼУԷ͵Ϯ˵ȻҪĲ󣬻ҶΣ
⺣ؾ֮£ң༸һЩ쾳ɢҲƴϾ⺣ؾʮſһΣԴ󲿷˵һӾֻһλᡭ


634 
գҶ൱ݣƽѾܾδܹˡһֱεģܾ챨ôжеӣһҸƽӡ
Ŀǰƽ˵һּΪݳ޵ܡ
ǰĽ죬һ̤ǰִ̣һ㷢˷츲صı仯
գһ̤·ǶһˣǴң֮ڣȻг̱ززˡ
˵ǵһβμִᣬǽֽ磬ȷѪĽУһƬ֮ء
˵ʮĥѺٴ壬»ع֡ҪƬϤս۷磬Ҫֽ֪ˡ
˶飬ǻżȵ̡̤
ǵ쾳ǿ޷ִ᳡Ҷ㽫ԼöϢززԼҲֻ׻æΪˡȻûڳ֮ǰæݣϾĿǰֵĹУǴҡڵ·ϣ»ûִ̩ɽȻˡ
ϴһִ̩ɽѾǰʱ֣ǸϤСַǷʿﲻӿȥ
һ˸߽ӣλϤӣŤŴ׳֦ѼƵӭǰΪ͸ˣϵױҲŨˣǺ޵ķʴΪŵֿƵģҪľжġ
Ӵλүμִİɣ糾͵ӣһۻ˰ɣϽЪЪţùȫ׷񣬰⡣ӵп̨ʰ겻䡣
һ˵ţһĽΪ׵·Ǽùȥ
ҲǵһμִˣԶλӵƺѾϰΪ
󷽵زز˳ǰװ޼ªùݣһҶӣ˵ιҵôãǻǻҰɡ
ͱǵˣҪڲ·䣬һȦõĶûסˡҶûǣϴΪԼùݵĵΣڽ¶һҲΪʶӷˡ
Ҷôһ˵ززҲֻǿ
һ߽ùݣÿһǧ۶ʮ䷿Ȼ뿪ùݣ׼ѰҷͲ͡
ɾһ˸߳ù֮ʱҵƺƵĴ˽
ν˼棬ۺ죬˫һǺüŭĿŨĻҩζһ֮ⶼŵõ
ҴӵǸʱҶ˶һ֮ɫ
Ϊͷˣϴ򳤷ֹҶһȻһ˳
Ҷϵĳ̱ͬײײҶ첲յҶԣС֮ͷ߱ɱִ¡
Ҷ۾һȻͷɱõִ£Ӧñλɱ鳤֪Ϣ
һ뵽һ㣬Ҷ嶯Ҫ֣ȴ̱
Ӧø֯жйأǲҪݾߡ̱ҶѵҶǿ
Щƺܼɻͷİߣǳ˵ŭĿ֮⣬δκγľٶֻǳƳһۣ²Ӳû˿ͣ
Զ󣬻ү߷˵磬ǿԺݺҡ
ֹô򵥡Ҷ۾һУԶȥȺˣɱڡ
ţһһҷݳȻֱӻùݡ
ڶһ磬춼ûϱ㿪ʼʿǶ̩ɽȥЩкܴһֶǳŽյĽ׻ġ
Ҷһ˵ǲһֱȵɫȫ뿪ùݣȺǰ̩ɽ
˵һִ˶ߵϮ֪һ컹᲻ٷ顣
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Ĵɵλ쾳ʦǰأҪٸٶ·һ
˵һִѡȺ붫̽翪սǽѪڰ
һ·ϣǶ̸ⷽĻ⣬ⲻ֪εԶԶǰ򵥡
;ʱ򣬳̱ͣ½Ų˵Ҿҷֿˡεǰзϵĵص졣
Ҷ춣Сĵ㣬κʱҵ绰ΣǧҪǿֻܳ᳡ܱǡ
֪ˡ̱ӦһȻ㳯·ߵﱼȥ
̱ߺһ˼ǰִ֮ɽµƱ㣬ƱĶѾŵϳ
үԸµǰȥƱһݵЪš
Ƭ̣ززѾͷвסˣվܣԸϹ
ΧһȦƺȤִͷɥȥ
ߵ;һײһŮӡ
ǺŮӡѽһǽУɽΧЩǷ׷Ťͷ
ҶҲԶԶһĻǵǺŮӣһʱ֮ϲϵǸӣҲϳˡ
ûǶԺųƺڰ˫Ĵ
ǵͺǰһûı䣬ŮĻһ£ͷţеһ£˱Ϸֱһһѽ
񶼴ﵽ˵ؾǰڵΪҲе㳤ˡ
Ҷ컹ļǵãȺԼ˸һǰŶƱʱ˲ӣݺһڶũؾڴΪλãֱһ١ΣززѾͷҲʲô³
ιѾͷ·۾Ů̧ǱĺЬӣһֵţһزز߷
ززŮӵۿȥŭʥŮǵ졣
ŮززһЦôԳʣŮˣ㵹֪֮ͦ
⻰ʲô˼ززʵ
ʲô˼ʣŮʣµûҪŮձֱ֮ΪӵŮˣŮ˵쿩Ц
ززȻŭ̽־Ůӵ죬͵һ˦ŮӾʯӰ㱻׷ɳȥһ·ҽе׹ԶһƬ
ʦãźŮŮӷķ򾪺һȻŭݺݵززȥȵѾͷҶʦҲ
ӻû˵꣬ҲززһѾס׳Զ
ΧȫĿɿڴ
زز֣صҶ¡
ʣŮ£ֲҶЦ
ٽʣŮززתͷŭȵ
ҶϽͣ˶ǺǺЦ
Լ˰СʱүƱ˻һ˽Ʊ̤߳ɽ
ϴһɽһ·̯λЩ̯λϳŸƷ̯ϯضеķߺȣеıĿ
ԾָүͻүΪûмʶ⺺˵ǰֽ׻ỹǱȽġ
ززƺҲϲֵļᣬ͸Ƶģ
Ҷ˵Ľ׻ѾûʲôϡˣΨһǣټľ


635 ִ
̤Ϥɽһ˺ܿ֡
Ҷɢ̯λɨһ飬ź̾˿ΪδֿľĴڡ
磬úõ̾ʲôأүɻʵ
ûʲôɣıɽҶ˵
ʱָָ̧ǰһȺУʵ磬ȺӦµ˰ɣ
Ҷ쳯žָָķȥȻռΪ׵һˣЦЦ˵û¿ռŷɺֵӡ
ǰǸ·ҵҮĽջ񹦣־ѧɣүʵ
Ҷͷ˵ǰν书֣µľѧ˵ϸ룬ԼĴֵ̾İľҲԨԴȻͬԴѧ
лҪЩдд衣үԾԾԵ˵
үͷϰˮ˰ɣʿ֮ĽɲǰڽϴС죬ûõġ
ôҲǵؾʿˣô˵ǹءү
ʵү˵Ҳ޵ΪȻȥˣʵս黹ʮǷȱģִϣǾͺúùĦѧϰɡҶ̻
ٺ٣˵ǡүĽܡ
үƳƳߺߵϻĳԽԽӲˣڿ³֮Ѿûεˡ
ǿѧʦĽ̻ҵȻˡү
˵ϻôԽԽƨˣⶼ˭ѧأѲǺڹˣүĵ
Ϻ˵Ҿ˵ңɱҸڹǼһᲢۡү
˶ǹЦ
ˣǾͱˣǻǸϽȥַɴкɡЦǺǵ˵
˵ţˣ첽׷һˡ
ʦռŴк
ռתͷʮӷԭʩһһᡣ
˵ţһɨһۣĿҶϡȻҶݣΪǺױռűϳ
ռſҶͷһЦ
ʱֹ˵ϴңɮȻڽӡЩ꣬ĳһֱҪ˵ŵлֻǰ޳ٳδԸ˵ɮٴ˵أҵԵõл
ʩˣ˴ȱΪɿɮңҲǴʩлռ˵
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636 Ӥ
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637 һ
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μûжı䣬ҵĳֵǳΪȵ㻰⣬ǶҸȼΪ档
ʶϣҶƾһָϢѲֶߡǴ˶Գֻ̬ȣԿ̨ϴ󲿷ĿⶼעߣڴŴеǸ˻μ֤ʵԵ١ڳЩӣҲĿͶңǶעǷǸ˳ս
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638 
建ŤͷԶ̨ϵززȥŭŷ
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ĴԮ֮ҵ֧ȻҲʹﵽ˰˳ɡ


639 ͻ
֮УһӰɿ촩ţǹɷ
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ֱ׵˵˷ѵΣ֮УԴӵҶ֮˷һɽһǳ׾ˡ
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ҲڧȻʹɷ֮ҲøɽһɼΪӦҴȫսԺּɷš˷һΪƻָɷŵĵԶԸɷŵĻҲͲǰˡ
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ΪѾ쾳ʮİգܴӾｫ¡
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Щ˵ΪùɷʶΣգֻӲͷƤЦ˵ʶλˣʲôҲûǼ˵ţϽͷȱܡ
һ裺վסԲǴֺϵЩ˵ͣɷܿ³һǶߡ
СձӣǾͱ׷ɷһ²û˿ͣ͡
ȻЩǲùɷѵģܿһ˴Ӻ׷ϣߵɷϴȥ
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ֻᡱһ죬ɷԪӦɷͷҲأһࡣ
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βһ˵ⲻŵ£õ֤𣿡
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᳡ٴΰٲҲܲܰװ
ִͷĴɿȥĴɿɵˣҲ֯ϷȻȫǵġ
ߣĴ̰֮βһӡ
ʦ׿Ⱥǳڿɲµʱ򡣡
ǣʦ塣βֻǹԹԱ͡
ʱɿ࿪ִͷʵԭ֣Ǻξģ
Ǳ̫ˣǲ޶⣬ֻΪˡִͷش
˫֮ʣҶһɷƣһ˼ŶԲߡ
ʮߵΪҶѾһⶫߵΪͬΪĸΣɵ͵߷ֱ̡̡̡̣Ҳ쾳Ϊ
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ĴߣɿӵԲΪ䵱ʦ̫ӵ쾳Ϊüʦӵ쾳Ϊʦ׿Ⱥӵ쾳Ϊ
ȻԷΪĴģԷһλǳ̣ҲΪԷһ
һʱƣɷѾõƣɫҲת࣬ҶջԪһѾûдˣֻܶԷԪˣԻҪһʱܳ׿
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ҶݲȵӣɷҲûʲôòˣλز¶ĽֵܣʮΡ
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ᣡ׵ӵߵݺײһ˫δʩչʽһ֣˫˿롣
ЩӵߵȻͶǴͬС죬ʵϻкܴģԭı׼л֣ǰߵһе
סƺ΢΢ǰһ㣬ߵƽǰָҶ죬ʽ׼ӡ
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ץסߵͻȻɫУֻ˲䱻ʳ

ɷҽһҧŭСӣӸƴˣ˵ȫȼ𰵺ɫɷҪһǳȥ
ԶҶѾ˦֣ʩչײ߳վһ
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ߵ̴˹ɷš
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һǳ̺ҶϽǰס˹ɷ
磬ţˡҶһ˵ţһ̽ץɷһ֮̽£Ķ˰ء
磬㲻µģһκġҪȡʩչ뷨Ȼȴɷһץס
ܣ֪ԣԼѾûûˡɷ϶˵
ģ磬ҿҽһκġҶкᣬʹ
ɷҡҡͷ˵ܣ˵
ãšҶͷ
ɷɿҶ֣Ӵȡǰԧ壬ֵҶ죬ܣ棬ңҵɩӡ
ɷǰԧ壬Զľɫ䣬ǸĿࡣ


643 ŭ
λԲĳ̱Ҷ˦ûҶ׷ȥǳŶü˹ȥ
ո͸λǳ̵ĹԭзΪʤƣ£λԲĳͻȻ·ɱ˽ɽֲ
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Ƚ֣ԲŶԷԲΪ
ļǵãǰСֻеؾԲΪȻ̶䣬Ȼɳˡ
Ѿ޷Լʱ𾪣ԼӵؾԲԲ㻨˴뱲ӵʱ䣬ȻԷȴʱ䣬ν˱ˡ


651 
ǰҵĴ̲̾㣬ϷⱲһ¡
ҶȻˣⱲģǲʮǰҵ尸ҲߵⲽصĸԴ
Ҷ˵һ㣬Ҳ֪ģνһʧǧźޣٻѰ̰ͼǰ棬Ҳýٲ֮
ǶǴϷƴҲҪҲñѩޣǰƬѪܵĳ棬Ȼ
Ҫ˵ѩޣֲ㣬գҾ˵ѪҲһٶˡҶȻ׵עԪ׵ϱâ
ҲѾʼ׼ʽҫ۵Ľâһ
¡
ͷϿƻۣƬ֮һ֮𣬴׳һɫ֮иɲǼײھ׵ϡ
أ־òɢ̺ϵ׷˳磬Ҷľ׵ۡ
˰󣬾׵߳ƾˡ
ʱʽƺѾ׼ϣֻ̧ǰһģʱɫķӰƺƵҶ챼ӿȥһƵʽɭ
Ҷ򳤷̹һУ򳤷缤ķӰֻǽɫӰѣǰʩչķӰ͸ʵԵĽһȻҲС
ԷϮҶֹͣ˦׵ӭЩӰȻϮȥ
ء
һԾնҹƣЩӰƺԵЩһӰϵƣǰ̵ӿ£նš
׵Ϯͷ֮ʱӰѾ޹⣬Ԫܵ
˫չսڼ䣬һԼ˶ԶԶܿλ쾳ǿƴĳԽؾԲʿշ顣ʱԲʮڵĽﶼѱ񱩵ʵ֧飬ڵĺһ㣬һƬǼ
˫Ƶ£ڽָҶʮ׶ӶһغϵĽƾУҶϵٻռһЩơ
Ƭ̣ҶӰһȻʩչնȥ
ӭһϡײ˴òɿÿһν棬ἤҫ۽âɫ绡ͬʱһȦȦۿɼĳ
Զս˶ǿۻңǵΪѾѸ˵Ľ࣬Լ޷˵ζ
ĶԾʮغϣһҵײ˫˫롣
סƺͻȻϥ˫ֺʮǰƬ֮ҫ۽â˿罵档
ԷʩչеӣҶѸаľڵķٻ
зҶ建תţЩķƾԴڷɢҲǴྶͥ
Ҷʩչ÷ķ֮ʱϵĽâǴޱȣѾ޷ֱӡ
Էʽδ׼ϵӣҶûţ̧׼ָס
ݵָ׼ɣָâ켲ȥ
âܿû֮Уֻ¡һȴδʲôЧ
ҶкգϻȻһʵʰĽҶ˳
Ҷ쾫һ񣬸Ͻӵȥ
䣡
һ㱬ѿһƬɢһա
Ȼոջϳ˳
Ҷæٵȡ˳ҿӭǼ
䣡
һ£һҶ׾ٵĻЩ𱻻ͬʱԴԴϵĳƬ֮䣬ҶѾʮŰΧס
һҶԵЩˣϽ׵еСݻ˳
Сݶ߿տʼƻףԭʵպܿ㱻Ƹǡ
¡
է죬һСնڻ
СݶڻͬʱҶʩչһ죬ӳ˽İΧȦ
ȻЩһȺƵģҶ׷ȥмֻ˿ǿ򣬽һ׵㱻񱩵
ӴƬ̣Сѽ۳ӴСҶϽһŻԪȻѸʩչնֱԶڵصϮȥ
գ۳ǰҶ߾پ׵Ȼͷȥ
䣡
׵ĹƱϵĽâ£ʱǴ˽ѴӺ׷Ҷֻյˡ
ٴʩչն췢Ϯһ˦ǳȺĽһʩչն죬ŶԷǿҲסԼϵĹ
ƺҲʶһ㣬ܵιʹһֽΧγɷȦ
ΣҶҲֻܽĿתЩɲԴԴٻ
ڽʵ̫࣬ǱΧס⵽ȺŹԣҶͲȡ˷ŷսһ·ŴһΧʩչײѡ
״̬˳־ãЩ޷ҶʵԵĹЧϽн˻ȥ
нع鵽ϣ۳һʮ׸ߵľ޴Ƶĵʽڡ
ȻԶ˶ǾﲻѣҶҲ̲˿ĭ
Բߣ޷ѻͷ¡
ŵյĴƺȻѹ£Ҷæʩչײܳʮס
䣡
Ĵڵϣ棬ԶЩﶼ̮
ߣͷٴҲûãСүΰĺҶһѸʩչն޷ȥ
䣡
׵о޷壬һǹʯһ㣬δ˿
޷ѾƳȥҶֻ룬˿ּ֮ʩչնһ෢𹥻
޷ӴǿͬʱӦҲԵЩٶˣҶıնǰ͸Ͻࡣ
ʮι޷Ҷĥ˲ԭʵʵҲЩ͸
ԾϽֻӴĽйƤһ㣬ήȥҫ۽⸽ϡ
Ϸǵ͹ʵˡ˵
֪ҲΪʱϽ˶ϰɣʡ˷Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵
ߣɱϷǾͿûⱾˡһűһâҶ켲ȥ
Щĸ֮£ٶգ֮嵽Ҷǰ
ҶһɵĻӵȥ
ᣡ
ײ£Ҷ쾹ǱӲıˣȻЩⲻٶȣҲ˲١
Ҷּʤ׷
ҶûԿѸʩչײ롣


652 
£ǸԪ廹δѣ㵥Ԫ״̬£ҪԸǿĲס
ȻҶһͬԲΪҪҶ࣬һҶĹҲͺѷӳЧˡ
ȻСǿĺԮ֧ţҶ쵹Ҳûʲôѹţƣ֧Ų˶á
ԣҶΨһҪģĥӲݣֱĥΪֹ
Ҷʩչָס
ӭ䡱һըƺδ̫ܵӰ죬Ҷȥ
ҶϽʩչײ㿪ּ֮׼ָס
żΪӦ̫һɷķţûʲô󰭡
ҶƤĴ֮£ţ״̬û֧Ƭ̾ˡ
ϵĽ⽥Ҷһǵָ֮£ڰ
ԶЩȫɵˣ˵ҵĶ£ˣҲͳ׿ˡ
Ҷ콫Сݻ˻Ȼߵǰ̱ڵصͷҶû˿֮ģΪȾ˵Ѫ
ҲѾ˵ѪϴҵĳûϵھͰЩ䡣Ҷɫ˵ţɱ
ɱչĲҽ˷ŨѪϢڿӿ
ǲǾǰһĻϤأЩҽӦûԺЩļɣҶ޹Щħյ³ıӦҶȻ˵
һȻ˫ݵ۷⣬֪ԼΪǰЩ޹˸е
֪գαص˵ţҶﾪ׵һ˦һĨѪⷺԴ๾ࡱڵء
гˣҶޱȳ죬ѪҲãбҲգǱϧ
Ȼ˵ֻǸʼ֮··;У˫ֱؽȾѪһɱ¾ѪȵĲ·
֮ɱ¾ֹͣˣѳΪһƬѪɫִƬһˣͷƬѪȳʱ̲еļ¡
صѾһ£һҶȻźͨһƽ죬Ҫô;ָ˴ƣҪôȥ㣬ҪôʹȥΰġԶҴܴšʱֳԹźȥ԰ɢɢСӹ൱⡣
ĲڰǰͱҶˣȴʧȥ˺ܶļ䣬ȥЩ䣬ֻˡ֮ܶҶѡ񣬽ȥĸңôನۣ˵ƽӲɹġ
ҶôΪģԼ˵ƽδԵЩݳˣ޷ݵǰƽΪ̫ͣãкܶܶȥ
ʮһ·ݣת¥ǰ̳Ĳ軨ɫݱ
ǸյļڣǸļڡ
ֵͩ˻ɫװ쬵ɨɫͩҶ뿪֦ͷžӯƮѾһɫĵ̺
ʱ֣¥ʮ˲ĻҶΪ׵쵼ڴˡ
˶룬Ҳϵڿ˵ټҹҪΪܽϸڵĸҵ˵ϸǷ£Ҳ߳ϣȫŵת۵㡣ҵĴ󲿷ֲҵ˽֣һǰҲĸλֲ˲ͬ񣬽մҾͽԼȻ㱨һ°ɡ˵ţҲĺȥ˵㱨ɡ
ְ߸˵ţֽȱ״˺Ҳͱɳȥˡ
ʡҵΪҵ漮ڵأҶΪӵ򣬱ϾϵĴ󲿷ֲҵŻѪµĻҵ
վԼµĹ˼򵥵Ļ㱨
ӺĻ㱨п֪ϵвҵֽѱȫֻ֣̽Ǹϸڻдơ
ţ༸λ쵼Ҳ׷׶ԸԸҵػ㱨
˵Ļ㱨ڿ˵ֵĲҵȽӴ̶һµʱ϶޷Ȼһ¡ԣʱҪλŬȡܾ콫ȫ泹׵
ʱ˵Ϊţʱ˲ˣִٵˣݬ״νСѲ⻹ǵþ
ڵ˵ͷ˵˵û⣬λȥ󶼶ԼԱȫ濼һ忼˷һᾡ춨ƳŵС
˵ţСǿȥҵùСǿϴǼҲ˵ˣҲͲظҪҷ飬ǲʲôλöһصȥ
СǿŲͷƤЦ
תɨһۣȻǺڵʱͬգӦöϣصԭִɱɱÿ쵣µӰɣЩ꣬Ǹ˲ٷĥѣµ֤ǵѡȷġ˵ѿν죬ǰҲһĿȻϣλɼҪΪһʱ֮ԼĴǰ̡
˶ǸںЩϽȻҲΪ˴µԭԣôҲ
˵ºҶ쿴ȥʵҶֵܣʲôҪ˵𣿡
ҳϯλ飬Ϊ˵һ¡һǾ۾ӣҶЦЦ˵òôֻ࣬˽¶ѡ
ֳЩҶּ˵ҾʹˣԽ˻Ҹ𡣡
磬ҪǸڽȥˣʵ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵е˽Ҫȥձ
ձ
˶һ졣
ʱŽѵ磬ҹձѴͣսЭ飬˫֮ĹϵʮֽţҪȥ¿ɵСһЩ
ҶǺһЦ˵ҹȥΪȥӵѣǾ͵ſŰɡ
˶һա
ֵҹǰձĺ඼ûлָҪȥĻӺС
Ҷͷ·Ѿˣȥ׶Ȼȥձ棬ٽôСӾеæˡ
磬ǿɾڵӻǰĺϢˡүЦ
˶׷׸ȻǶҶгڴ
ұҿ·龧Ҳͻָȫˣָ»ص̱ЫˡززŮҲڿǶѪԶ˵ĿǰҪȻΪ


653 
ʱ֣ڼ˺ֵ֮ܵ£Ҷǰķɻ
ƱСǿԤģѡͷȲյһһʵҶ첢ôϲһŵλΪһǰǵ壬Ŷ첻ֱСǿȴдʵ˵ֻͷŲݺ͵λҶЩƱȻѾˣҶҲûƽ̫࣬ӽ굽׶ҲСʱҵĺ̡
߽ͷȲգ˵ĵһоݻЩߵҲȷʵܹԳ˿͵ݺ͵λȻҶ˵ֵβʲô
һһʵǵСʱḷ́۾׼̾
ǣս۾ϵʱ򣬺ԶԶһŮӵ
ߣҵҪĸ쵰ҵһŮ˵ǺȻǸ椡
Ů䣬һӵС㣬ҿ˰ɣͷȲĴ඼ЩݵˣһǵĸͷĴǿɾͲճˡӵĿƺŮ൱η
ʲôѵǺǲ𣿡Ůѵ
С㣬ڹȷʵһ죬ǻй»ǵ͵һЩΪáѵ
ɻǷŮӲΪȻĻص
ûǡ
˵ȥŮӱ㲻ͷˣٿˣنµĻҾͰȥˡ
ֻùԹԱ͡
ŮӺܿҶǰ
ҶûۣǼѾŵһŵˮζȻѾܾû̽ûԣʶŮ˵ıȴδ˿ӶԷϵˮζԲ²⣬ǸС㣬Ǹ൱ŵĳɹŮˡ
ŮҶЩϵˣϴǳɫT´ɫţп㣬ôҲֻǸͨСꡣ
Ҷ´һȦŮСֹҲʲôǣҲ͸˼ˣ˫ǰһһ˿ĿǣҶ˵ιվһλá
Ҷ۾ûд
ԷûӦŮ̧߸ЬҶߣ˵ιء
ҶʩʩȻŮӿȥŮӴúʱУɫѩǺɫ㣬൱ȻΪ۵ĻžûŮȷʵƯ
ҶĿͣפƬ̣ȻתƳȥʮӣӲߣͨģһڿ۾˹ĵĶˡҶǣȻӵŵؾǰڵΪٻ֮ǰ̸öԷеĺӦòͨļ塣
ȻܶԷΣҲɣûˣֱӱ۾
һֱŮӶԼòʮţƽİ˵һۿʱĿҲͣӡȻǰһﾹȻֻƳһۣ͸۾ŮдΪˬҰοһһûҵҪȻǸͬ
ǣЩ뷨еĲ죬ιҵĻûأҽһλáŮӵˡ
Ҷûд۾˯һ㡣
ŮһҪ쭣ӸϽǰѵС㣬ҿǸйˣء
Ů룬Ը㻹ŸϽ롣
ǣֻεߵҶǰò̫׼ĺͿҶ˵λѣҼСҪ㻻λãͬ⡣
ҶȻûзӦ
ӻͷŮӿȥŮҪ׼쭵ӣϽС㣬û׼Ǹձˣͺ
Ͻ˵ѽŮӲͷ
ӦҶ˵һ顣
ٿҶԾûзӦŮ޿̣ӺϽ
һʱ¶ɫС㣬̫ðɡ
ʲôòõģҪǲǸϽ·ɻŮ
ʱҶȻڣú˵ңҲ㻻
Ҷһڱ׼ĺŮӸղѣһǸˣȻװһӣˡ
ҶۻӦйˣɲеĸӡ
ҶⷬŮü𣬲ι˭أ
Ҷȴֱ۾ٴ
Ůֱţڴ󣬵ӿȥŭȵŸק
ֻεҶȰѣȰ㻹ǸϽɣҪǰСǻˣǻġ
㻹ȰȰС㣬ʿɶֹɣڿɻûҶ쵭Ȼص
˵ʲôأŮʵΪҶ˵ǺȻ
ȻҽҶԭŮֻ˸˵λҪڿϴλӡ
λô࣬Ը˻ȥŮҶ˵
ŮȰС㣬ҿ˰ɣҲСʱḷ́λһ°ɡ
УֻӣҲҪһŮԵ
ҶЦһŮӿȥϷŪĿ˵ֻҪܹ˵ҵɣҾ͸㻻
ľģҪʲôɡŮӰȻ˵
Ҷüͷһ˵㻹ûҵ˼ʽ˵ɣƾʲôҪأ
ƾǺŮӰͷŵ˵

֪˰ɣߣֻҪˣŸأᣬҡŮӵ
ҶһЦ˵ȻҲ֪ΪʲôҪҲʶʲôҲûҪ
Ҷ⻰ǰĶˡҪ֪ڿǺĺŮǣŹլŮĳƺšȻ˵йʱǰ𱬣ֺôҲǼˡȻǰһﾹȻ˵ûܲա
ѴڱԵӣӸϽһҶָһôСֶûأǺ;˼汣ڣн
ΪʲôһҪأҶʵ
ʱһ㶺ָϽúҶ˵Ȱ㻹ǸϽСǸСһؿģֻҪܳĵǸû׼СͲλˡƺ˽⺫ص˵Ļַʽֹͣⳡִ
СϢõǸӦҶúص
˵ʲôأæʵ
ЦãȻŷֵԵӣȻеСǣܿ뵽˶ԲߣٺЦ˵ҪҴתǸ⣬˵ʵʵ˿
˽ĻŮӵ൱⣬ҶȴǺղѡ


654 
ȻƵشԣҲ㱿̫ףһԽĻɣǱҶȷϵղ˵ǲأ
һҶȷϣǽʱð亹ҶĻĿɾˡ
һԼλӵֶΣ̲˿ĭȻֿĿҶ쿴ȥ
ȻҶһֱ۾Ȼǰ񡣲ȻԽⷬ൱δҲΪ˱Ůੲݡ
ҶûзӦһٻͷȥŭݣæЦ͵С㣬˵Ǿ˵ĬˣйһϧģϲóĬʾ϶Ļش𡣡
𣿡Щɵʵ
ͷ˵Ȼģй֮ǰѾй˵ϰ˽൱͸ˡԣС㲻ضҵĻ˿ɡ
϶ҲûٶǣٻͷҶ쿴ȥִ󷽵Ŀ˵ȻѾҵǸˣôҲͲټƽˣλӾøɡ
ҶŮѾˣҲøϻԹԵĽ̾
Ҳû˵ʲôڱϵĶǽϡ
º󣬽Ц˵С㣬ӴеЧйҲ൱ԺƬҪйгʮ˳
üͷһǵȻҿŹլŮƺŵĺֻҪˣñƯԵ
ǣȹάӦ
֣ԸǱʱܿɡ
Ͻӿȡһʱܿ˫ȥСʵС㣬Ȿܿ϶ģ㿴ö𣿡
ҾͿͼƬ𣿡ûػص
УЦӦ
ӹʱܿⷭһ߿һ߶ܿЩƷͷ㡣
Ƭ֮󣬹㲥ŮŮʿǣǣɻܿҪˣпͲճԱаȫ顣ãϵðȫοС塣ȷƷǷưͷϷڻ·κọ̈̄̽ڷ;벻Ҫ̡
ڹ㲥֮ʱͻȻһӴӺӾֱߵҶǰҶʵλܺ㻻λ𣿡˵ǺȻǸˡ
ʵϷɻʱҶѾע⵽ΪӵŵؾԲΪ
ɻλ֮ˣ⵹Ҳʲôϡ£ͻȻ˵ҪԼλãǾЩˡҶɲöԷҲϵĺһϲһ
ɣҶ۾ӿȥȻĿⴥ˫֮ʱȻﾹǹķȺâȷе˵ͫɲ֮Ⱥ֮ɫ
ͬʱҶȻԼƺԷ°һ㣬Կصĸо
ʱȻڣٴʵܰλø𣿡
áҶһӦӦţȻعʶǰһﲻ򵥡
ȻҶʶѾָѣǲɫվ߳λߵǸλ
ղһĻȻ£㹻ǿ󣬿ͱԷȫٿˡ
ϸ룬ԷַʽǿԼλãȻʲôͼ
Ҷ֮ʱȴߵĻعͷҶʵιղҽ㲻ãôøˣǾҺ۸ǰɣ
Ҷ۾û
ðݡһվƺҪȥҶۡ
Ʋæվǰ˺ǰȰС㣬йо׻д˲С˹˴ͱһʶˡ
УǵøҸĽͣҪȻǲưոݵġ߷˵һ߰ŵȻ
ѲŮˣҶоЩͷΪⱻһϵӷ쳣ǲɫš
Ҷ첻κλӦԺ˵ֱǻϽͣҧгݵҵĴڣҽ첻㣡˵űҪǰȥѵҶ졣
ҵǣʱһս߽ͽվţæǰѵŮʿɻϾҪˣǸϽλãϵϰȫ
ȰС㣬ǸϽλϰɡ
Уҷǵýѵļһﲻɡ˵
תһ룬СѵС㣬Χô˶أڵ֪ȣû׼ǶѾϳˡ룬Ӧò뿴ͷڷɻµºฺŰɣ
һɨԼɿһװֵս˵ллѣλϡ˵ֳҶݺݵһۣȻתصλ¡
һЦսǸ˼鷳ˡ
ûϵսЦ
ǣҲ첽صԼλ
ûãɻ㻺ɡ
ɺ󲻾ãһϵͻȻʵãʣǺСɣ
ŤͷȥԴһûǺ
ǺǣȻڷɻϼС㣬̫ˡЦ
Ҫ˵ʲôԷһâţһʶģ
аЦ˵С㣬·ɻһ˰ɡ
ǣĵͷӦ
һĻŵҶ쿴
ȻǳźģĿģӦøĺйء
ȻҶ첢ĺĺңӵʮֺ档Ѿ¾»ӣʲôݡ
Сʱ󣬷ɻȽ׶ʴʻ
վԴλϣǰѵС㣬Ѿ׶ˣϽ»ɡ
ʱһվߵǰʵɲ鷳һ£
ɻ̧ͷӿȥɾĿⴥ˫۵ɲǣһ˲ʧȥʶ
ԸȥǼ뺫Ļ͹ԹԹ˳֯
ۣ֯Ҷһ飬аĪе֯ǾǸصĹ֯
Ҷü˼֮ʣѾźȥҶϽϡ
˷ɻӴźƹȺ߳ſڵͣȥߵһɫǰ򿪳úԼҲ˽ȥ
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ҪܣʱѾȥˡ
úúãҲܣѾҪѰǰɣĻҿɾͲŶ˵ţҶ쾶ֱ֣̽һѱס˺̵ͦĴƨƨ


660 ľ
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ҶǾһһָ̾оѣϵȺΣ治ǺһŮβ
޺һӣ󽥽ͣŰ㣬Ұɣˡ
Է⸱ģҶʱȻЩӲûʲôøУǺݲĽǿˡȻǰվŵǸ椣Ϊǿˡ
ε̾˿Ҷջ˵ϽѿӴɡ˵űתߵһϥаľаѹס
ŴÿӣȻһߵߣҶĿӸǳһأֻýŸ
Ҷ콫ľһվȥȻŮ˴ʱЩβס׵ò
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ںͷţһݵӣͺǱҶǿһ㡣
Ƭ̣̲סʵץҵҪʲôأȻǰһܲԸҲԼ˵úܻܾʲôˣҪȻ˵ǸղţҹԼѾˡ
Ҳ˵ˣְҵåץ㵱ȻΪˡ
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ҲŲʲôøСҶ˰ۡ
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ЩѵҺҲüʵ
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ҲٸκιںҵϢԴһƲش
Ҷüͷ˵˵ҲûϵλҲ򲻹ҡ
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ߣֶƭ˵䡣ǻûɵҡ
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ֻǰԶĴһСľݣӡ
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ٻͷȥתһ룬˶Բߡ
סɡҶ˵
ҲҪֹطһҲȥˡԵ
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ˡҶȰ˵
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Ҷûһ˵Ϸ޿ȥ˵ǼЦˣʵӵģҲãûܱӡ
˵˵ǳϷ˵Ǳ˵ǸˣǱܵġ
˼ңǱģ˻ᾭ˵һЩű߼ʵĻ֮⣬Ϊ˺ǵġҶϷ˵
ϷȻһãȻȻûи֮е˭񾭲
쵰㵽ʲôϷأŭĿҶ죬Ȼʵ
ҲˣôõϷ治뿴ôȥˡ˵ǹĴǣ˵ǹЩҶܹܣΪȷҫǡ˵ǺһҵǧС㣬Ҳ̫˰ɡҶɥ˵
ҿ˲Ŷԣֱҧ˵żϷ޵˼ңǹĴǺҲȷǺһҺҵĴС㣬˰ҰܵǣһҪȾҡȻ˵þʵȴԼʱ͡
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鷳ˡҶм
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ٺ֮Ҷ뿪ɽ롣
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֪ҵĸԺ׶һƬɽ
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׶ҹݻõģЩߵҹܻǰͣ˸γű¶Ůɱһģļһ§ν
ѵ׶ҶȻڷȹҹ
ʿƵһҸߵλʩʩȻ˽ȥ
һű㿴ŴŽ˿֣ͽ˿СȹӭС㣬ÿˣ绨񣬶ҿ䶼ڶʮ¡ȻǻǳʵѾǧ˲ɵĺľˡ
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662 
̨ϵ˷ǰվһżŮӣʮӣźɫѩǺɫţж̿ͺ˿࣬忴ȥ򵥸ɾޡ
ٿòһۿȥһ崿׵ĸоƺ͸ưɵĻһš
දңеСζ
һ裬뱭Ǿƣһߺžƣһ߾öĸŸķ·𶼳
һ̻һ·ҲգҲգһл̻Ĳãµվֻǻҽ
֪һѾҶȴδĸоһ˼ֵĺԪԸ̨λŮǰݳһ顣
ǣӹǮת̨ȥפǰ˵ҶҪ
󣬷Ǯ˻
˵ˣĲգˣǧ𲻳˵
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ૵ǸµŮˣĸһ
ЩǮջȥɡǮҶ졣
ˣСѰɡҶڵ˵ͳȥǮóȥˮûջصĵ
ллҶͷл
ߣ̨ƺ֮ǰ׸衣
Ҷ⣬Ťͷ̨Ͽȥ̨ϵŮҲóŮӯӯһЦʢţȾ׷糾
عͷŮӶ˷˵׸׻⻨һʽ򡣲ȴԴиһףҲǴӴÿһݳͶһ׸衣ҽ׸Ϊ֮ѡ
ԱϣŮӱȫͶУݳ
׻ڷ޻Įش·˶ΪֻһҰݣȥעǣĳ峿ȻųĻ䡣ޱѤһ仨ڷ޴еޣƺҪɫһ㣬Ȼ˵ζսᡣ
ΪһεĲãҪʱ䣬ɳĮѰˮԴһĻ֡ռҪȫֺˡ
ΪһεĲã㾡֣ȻôŬȴֻά̶̵ֶʮСʱʱȴΪֺľ㡣
Ҳ˾ǸܿɱĽ֣Ƕ׻˵ȴǸҸĽ֡һҲһأ̬һ̡
Ҷ۾ÿһ̺֮黳м䣬·ܹΪһܶӰӡ
ܿ죬һֽˣҶ컺۾Ʊһ
ʱһ̨ŮӸǰյС˵Сݣмλ˿ȥǺ
Һ˵ˣơСݵŮӵȻؾ
ΪѵǼλǾѵĹҿ㻹ǹȥǺɣҪȻǣϰǻ˵ġ
Сüͷ
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Сݹһͷ˵ŮǴϲ㣬òųˣǴȾưɣһΣ
ԲҲȾƣֻǺһСǿѹе񣬺ʧĻؾ
СݵĻش𣬼Զ¶֮ɫ
ȾƣҿǲӰɣһͷе̵ӳʵ
ЩˣСݲû̫ģ̬Ҳܿ䵭ȾǲȣŲš
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ȻСȴȫûеǸ˼Ϊǰ˭̸˭̸˭˭ȣˡ㡣˵ţֱת̨ȥ
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Сߵ̨ϣûٳȥתȥȻѾЩǱǱȻϰ忪ڣԼߡ
Ǽȴûаݵ˼ͷ֮˻ȻСݳ˹ȥסȥ·
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СɫţʵǰĽϵ֪Щ˲ôǵġ
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ҹѵ֮£ͦ־ֵð˿иĻǵǣѾ뵽걻Ļ档
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ڹⷬԵЩű߼ˣ۴ĸǶԶơʴʣ뵽ǣһǺˡ
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ѾˣȻǲϧǿɾݹҲˡ˵䣬Ҷ͵һ˦ӴǱ׷ɣײԶһǽϣһƬѪ
һξеҲ߰ʮȻȴ׾ٵ˳ȥʵǷ˼
ոջȭĴͷڰ·ɲסŲƬ̣̽㶵һһѵɵ˳
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Ҷ͸СҼûʲôѾ̵ǰĵɵ赭дĻһץӵץסɵĵҶǰ֮ͣסҲ޷ǰֺ
Ҷ쵲¶ԷĹ˶һȻһ룬ǡһžĴǹͷ۶ϵ
ֻǳӵȻԷӲ۳˾ʮȣĳ˶Ŀ࣬ﲻѡ
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Լĸ±Էȭž͸ƽˣԶλϵĹͷǾŭܿ췴ӦȻվִγһǹԥְ̧⶯
žǹԵøǹͬʱŮӵļ
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óʵǺܴģԶԶ׻ǰǿҲд׸ΪԼҪ׻һǿĻȥ


664 ҽԺ
Ƭ̣Сݽֹͣ뿪Ҷ컳ͷǸԲ𡣡
Ҷ̧˫˲ϵˮ
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УҶ쿴еĿľΡ
ãҶ콥Сûжǻ۾ڣҪ˰οʱ
˫ɲǣһɲ񡭡
Ƭ̣Сݿ˵ĸԸģҲ㸺ģ͵Ǳ־ҰɡȻô˵Ȼ¶һ˿ΣȻܹΪ
ҶȴʲôҲû˵ûпСݵΣǴһַʽ
Ҷ첻Сαʧ֮ⷬøӿˡ
Ҷ콫§뻳У˯ɣһһжõġ
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֪˯ˣȻ۽ǻۣȴ˯úܰףҲݵҸҲ
׻ĳɳǺܼģǲиŬΪľһǣֵܹǲһ̵ж١
ϴ˸߳ԡңСöһ򷿼ȥ
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ҶϱһڲСݺʵװʲôأ
Ҷ쿴˿ϵĺڲڵûʲôװƷѡ
ȻⲢʲôװƷֻڲϻشλ߶γɻġԭҶ컹ΪֻһֻͨĴӣɺ䷢֣⾹ȻһԴ涫Ҹǣ׵ҲܲؽȥԣҶרž׵Ҳò콫ˡ
ôѿװƷСƲֹҶӣҲͲ׷ʣЦ԰ɡ
Ҷ촩·ߵǰСʢһ࣬ŵǰ˵ЩݲҸѧģζȴԶԶȲ衣˵ţָһ˿ˡ
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УͦġҶЦ
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µһʱ䡣Ҷʵ˵
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ҶƺϵôʣҲûκεľȣƽ˵룬Ӧòյѡ񡣡
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ĬƬ̣Щʧʵ˺ϲϣһҲҲǵһΰɣ
˵ʵ飬ĸ˻᲻أ
Ҷ첢δأҲûôˣЦЦ˵ҪҴϾͺñǴ룬Ҳز
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Ҷ㶣֪ôȥοһŮ˵ַʽʧȥһΣò˵ֱ
Ƭ̣ҶЦοʵһҲûôҪˣ̫Щ
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Ҷû˵ʲôࡣ
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Сݵĸױ֢˽ȥʱһҽͼλʿڲСĸϵֺһЩҺܡ
һĻСȥʵʲô
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衣Сͷ
ڸողǰѾҽ֮
֪ĸʱȥ˿ⷬСݻǵԽʵ
Ҷǿ첽ܵǰѸץǸŮһ̽⣬Щõ˲Ÿոֹͣǲж豸֮ʱĵͼӦû΢Űɣ
ҽͼʿһ󾪲ȻҶ˵ʵҲǼⲡѾûˣԸɴֱӲж豸ˡ
Ȼ֪ԷôжϳģҽǼôܣǵȵĵͼûвŲж豸ġ
˭ĵͼжأҶͷʵ
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ҽһ죬ʵ˵Ļȷʵûд˵ԵЩˡ
Ҷû˷ʱԷƽЩѸٽ⿪Ůѣȡ룬Ѩλϣʩչ뷨
ҶϬʩַҽͼλʿһ󾪲
ҽܿ췴Ӧüͷʵιʲô
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һݲǳ⣬ҽȻãϽס֣Ҷ첻ֵҽס֣ûС˵ǰҪȥҶ졣
Ҷ쾶ֱͷ׳һö룬ҽҼϣǾյұ۶ʱĴȥ
ҽŵõһ亹ƽʱҲһЩҽķ鼮ȴû˵˭ܽƾһ˸첲ãٴӶԷľ׼Ǹˡ
ʶһ㣬ҽûȥӣԹ˵ϣҶԴϵĲʩ롣
СƺûعҲЩʿһ㶵ؿҶŪ롣
ҶŸŮķעԪһֻЩ֮ɿ촩ţϵѾֻ֣ܿһƬӰ
Ҳ֪˶ãҶһӣջ˸Ůϵ룬ȡһιŮ¡
񵤺Ƭ̣ŮƤ˲ѹ
ŮҽһЩʿҲ۾ͣɫ
˵ֱ췽ҹ̷ȷе˵
Сݲδ̫࣬һĸϽǰȥ裬㣬ˡ
Сݣղ迴ˣǣǲѾأŮʵ
ģ㲻ġСݿҡͷͷ


665 
һڰοɣСݲ˲ˮôϣҶ˵Ķģ֪ǲܵġ
ȻҶȴǼᶨ˵ôأ˵ġ
СҶ쿴ȥＴǻΣκ裿ӶԷղŵʩַӦȷʵλҽ˵ȻܽԼĸ״ҽȻʮָû׼ܽĸκãҲСڵΨһΡ
Ҷ϶ĵ˵ͷ
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ҽ㶣ֵּղŵڲͬʱѹĿǰҲˡ
ҽĻСݸոȼϣˡ
ΪûϣΪҽûңòŶ˵۾žˡ
ҶûٸϻѸȡö룬ڸŮĸȻķעԪԸŮڵİϸչȫɱ
ҽͼλʿڱϾۿţǶڴ漣ĳ֡
СĽǺͲĿⲻͣҶϺĸţôڴһĸܹ
֪ʱѾȥڣҶջ˸Ůϵ룬˲ͷϵĺ
ôˣСݽʵ
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ȼ黺ЩҴתſȥ
Ժ칫һʮվڰ칫ǰŰ칫һ״ӵ˵ԺҲҪ취Ⱦ٧ѡ
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Ժεҡͷ̾Եİ취ǶѾԹˣڻ߳˺֢״ǽ֢״òĻܾܿͻΪ˥߶
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ҽ˿ĭȻں󷽲˵ģղҽԺһڵĲˣԭѾΣɾʱͻȻһλҽҽȻĽλ˸Ȼˡ
ʲô漣ֵСֵ𣿡Ժѵ
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Ӿ˵Ƶģһݵص˵ͷ
ԺϽת߳칫ңȻճţƺʲôֻͷ˵Ҫһȥɣղλҽ˵ҽԺһλҽʵĻû׼Ůһϣ
Ժôһ˵Ҳǿϣһ㣬ϽǣǸϽȥɡ
ǣ˿첽ߵݿڣŵʮ¥
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ⲡءҽش˵űԺһ߽ͬ
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ҽָŲǰҶ죬СԺ˵Ժλˡ
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ҽҿԸ˰ɣԺЩŭҽۿȥ
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ûдղĵͼѾûˣǶ׼豸ˡһģ㿴ˣǲΣˡҽ̾ѡ


666 
ſڽˣҶЩΣҲںԾȥҲûʲôӰ졣
ȴԺڣλӿ첽嵽Ҷǰץס֣ҽ־ȾŮɡ
Ҷ֮ԲϲȥҲΪǰ鷳ӵ֣Ȼ˵ˣҿɲʲôҽȲŮֲʲôƼңҲûȥˣοǸӵĹȡ
ԷּܾҽˣֻҪܾȻŮǺҾԲġ
ңĸңҶʵʵѾµԷеĺǺڵǸңΪͲӵŵؾǰΪ
Ǻųƺһҵĺҡӻشҽܵҽк̩ɡ
õ϶ҶﾫһƬ˼ɫʵŮõʲôأ
һתӣ̩ɸϽ˵Ů֢
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Ҷ߳ԺæҽԸϽΪȫ飬Ȼ󽫼鱨ǰĲ͵Ұ칫ҡ
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ĪŴԭ򣿡Ҷ૲²ȻûϵҲû̫⡣
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Ҷɿ֣̩ǰʵҽŮΣлת𣿡
ȵȻеþȣֲֻ֢Ƚ⣬ƹҲһЩҶƽ˵ȻҽҪҽֲò̫ʱ䣬֮ô˵ȻĿġ
ҶĻԺһ𾪣ŮĲˣ˵ܹ黺ⶼѾ漣ˡ
̩ǴһֻҪϣ⣬»ᵢҽʱ䡣
ʱ䵹ûʲôϵֻܹطƣҪȻЩһ鷳Ҷ˵
ҽ˵ǡ̩ͷʣ֪ҽƵصǷʲôҪ󣿡
ûʲôҪҲҪκҽ豸ֻҪ徲һɡҶ쵱Ȼ˵Ҫȥƣⷬ˼Ѿʮˡ
Ҫ˵徲ĻǺͲֻǸԺشƫƧֻ²ҽ̩ǵ
ûϵƽʱٳšҶ˵
̩һά˵Ȼҽô˵ˣǾȥǺˡ
Ҷ˵ͷԺȥԸ鷳˰ܷɡ
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¶Ժ̩˵ҶѾΨһϣԥطԸԺҽ˵ȥɡ
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ŮóԺҶ溫̩ǰ
ͺ֮ǰϢһ׶ɽΪ˷УԷһɽ·ֱſڡ
Ժռؼ㣬ͺһСһڱͨ˴ÿһ·ڶиţν岽һڣʮһڣرɭޱȡ
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̩ɱŮϲ֮ɫæӭǰʵ̩ɣ٧ѾԳԺ𣿡
ʵϽӵŮĲΣ֪ͨʱ̩ΪѹǾһȥҽԺһ֪ŮĲ顣
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667 
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ҽʱǣֻҪ֪ģһʵش𡣡̩ʮϵ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȻһڣ²豭ȻʵӦ˵ҽɣ
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668 
ͳ׷ڿɳϡ
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669 
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ԭҽŮƺЩʧǰСݸиȥ
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ȻҶոսŮ˻˿ⷬҲֻڰοŮˣΪ⸾ŮĲ飬ϵù졣
ŮҡҡͷҵԼѾʱղˡ
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ӢŰԸ幫֮ԸҶ˵
̩ЦЦ˵Ը˰ɡţ룬ֵҽȻҽǾѨλǲа취幫ܴľ޸أ
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ҽҪɢɽңһͬ߱ǡ̩˵
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һɻӣҶֽһ͵СĲ뼡ͷݹϰҪݹָܻʮѵģǺСܹ޵ͿԿĵһָ
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Ҷ˵ҽ֮ѨλҶ徭˽⣬޷⿪Ǻҵ䣬ҪͨСһ˵ľҲδܡֻҶԺСڵ˽٣Ҳ޴֡
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670 
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ϴ˼ȽԻЩߵǰ˼ոǸͺԪƣһĳλǿҷġ
ʶһ㣬ҶʱݻѨΣУϽɢף۲ǣҲκζһҶΪѽ⡣
ȻѾ˷ҵľٶ˵ӦûжǣǶôˣҲûһ㷴ӦʵЩ졣Ҷüͷ˵ϸһ룬ܿ췢еΡ
˵ֻӵԪ˲ʩչԪ⺫ӦòԪ壬Ѳɸոոҷģĳ겻ɢļһȻ²ЩƣҶ쿴кܴԵġ
׻ֹԪĶʮеģֻĿǰڱչ֮УҶҲûȥ
ֳ˼Ƭ̣Ҷ쳤̾һɢľ˻
νˮͣȻûжҲŵ¡ҵʵ򲻹Ҫûġ뵽ЩҶҲûٶǣ˸ߵǰڴ
һεľſûнŵͷһֿʼĥļƻ
ǰĴûѾĻȻеڶˣټĪ⣬ʵڲӲҶϷǱ뷨
ȻܽôҲֻԸˣƽʱȻ뿪ºҴеǰһ֯ұȻöʱȺҽȡٳû٣ǱķգʡȥѰ鷳
ƶжƻҶӴһѧ鼮þѧϰһЩй֪ʶԱڹؼʱܹó
һ캫һƽ̩ɿԾɺҶ˵ЦȻҶݻûб¶͸ɣǸܿǺĳڷġͬʱҲԼûӲҪȻ֪ᷢʲô¼
һȥǷƽ˾ӣʵϲϿƽһӺ̩ϱܿó
̩ȻʲôҲû˵ҶεǺҵսǰ׼Ҳ˵Ѿ׼֯ս
һ죬̩ɶһصӣڰʱ֣Ҷе˿ӢҲڣɳ
ʲô𣿡ɳºҶɻʵ
ģҴ٧ѻطǰҽ˵һ¡̩˵
Ҷüͷһ壬ǻطĻĵƻȻܵӰ죬˵ɲʲôϢ
⸮ͦģΪҪطأȻ֪ԭ򣬵Ҷ컹ʵ
Һһ鷳ҽҲˣ츮ͦŵġ뿪ҲΪǵİȫǡ̩ɽ͵ʵϣ˵εĽѾǰǴδһܻܿٲ
Ҷתһ룬˵һ䷽̺ɽǰҪȰź˺ͺСȥɣҳٹȥ
̫Σˣҽ뿪ɣԺٿǱǡԺ̩˵ҶİΣŮİΣȻҶðա
һ㣬ҶҲ֪ģ֪ԼôҲ£Ҳֻεʵʲôʱأ
ȻԽԽãطҶѾ׵ˣҪһ߰ɡ̩
ôҶЩգתһ룬˵֮ǰɽǰһЩ⡣ҲȷʵЩҪɽ̡


671 
幫ȥţµõܻ̩˵
ߺˡҶ˵
̩룬ͷӦǺðɣӢ٧ѹȥҽٹȥǡ
֮Ҷص䣬ڴ
ͻıʣִոƶļƻ뿪ѳɱȻ
ȻɲĸӢĸŮȥѣڽôߣһûȷļƻҲֻӦˡ
صӢɳϿһŮ־Ҷ룬ǰȥ˵ˣո˵ǺҪᡣ
Ӣ־̧ͷЦǰЩ޵ߵ¡
ǻʲôʱʼأǻʱ䣬ҴȥɽǰһЩ⡣̩ɷĺܣֱʻص㣬ɡ
̩˵Ͼŵ㿪ʼɡӢش
Ҷ˵ͷô˵ȥҺɽǰüˡ
Ӣ˵ǰ̩Ҫ׼һЩǰȥӦûôġ
ǺãȻط׼׼ȥҺɽǰҶ˵űԼȥ
ص䣬ߵǰ˼
Ҳ֪һͺйءʵҶ˵ͻȻչжȷʵЩִ٣Ͼľλö֪رΣҪǣû뵽취Ӧϵ䡣
صӰ£εжνǷĪ⣬ܷɹҲǸδ֪
νʧʧ֯Ǳʧȥ˺ʣӦúܿͻԺҷǰĻǲеڶˡ
ڷ߻ãֱ˰ʱųš
ΪỹаСʱҪʼ·Ͽ½½ĿһЩͬһȥЩ˶޵ߣΪҲڵص֮ϣ֪ǱȻǰȥģǰķƶϳ᳡Ĵλá
ڸת˰ȦҶѾȷ᳡Ӧλڸۡ뱱һ룬ж
Ⱦŵӵʱ·Ѿ߶ҶƵйţɢһ㡣
ܿߵ˿ֵۡȻصΪĺ˶ѾȥˣҲͿԺ޹˼ɵɢ̽⡣
žɢۡ۵ףҶǣ˿ɽһƬ򣬾Ȼ޷̽룬·Ǳ󷨽Ƹһ㡣̽ڣƺδҲ˵ܿλƬ޷̽
Ҷ˵ɲʲôý£޷þ̽⣬Ҳû취֪رǿдĻؽ಻ȷءοڻ֪Ľ絽ʲôҲĳĻǾ൱ˡ
ҶüѰ˼Բ֮ʣȻһϵͳͻأڶ𣺡ʲôˣ̽ҺкĿģ
ͻɰҶųһ亹㾪ŵջ˾һˣûˣæȥ
һ·УܿصԼ䣬ֱŹϣĻǡ顱Ҳν顣
ϴ˼ȽԻЩߵǰ˼ոǸͺԪƣһĳλǿҷġ
ʶһ㣬ҶʱݻѨΣУϽɢף۲ǣҲκζһҶΪѽ⡣
ȻѾ˷ҵľٶ˵ӦûжǣǶôˣҲûһ㷴ӦʵЩ졣Ҷüͷ˵ϸһ룬ܿ췢еΡ
˵ֻӵԪ˲ʩչԪ⺫ӦòԪ壬Ѳɸոոҷģĳ겻ɢļһȻ²ЩƣҶ쿴кܴԵġ
׻ֹԪĶʮеģֻĿǰڱչ֮УҶҲûȥ
ֳ˼Ƭ̣Ҷ쳤̾һɢľ˻
νˮͣȻûжҲŵ¡ҵʵ򲻹Ҫûġ뵽ЩҶҲûٶǣ˸ߵǰڴ
һεľſûнŵͷһֿʼĥļƻ
ǰĴûѾĻȻеڶˣټĪ⣬ʵڲӲҶϷǱ뷨
ȻܽôҲֻԸˣƽʱȻ뿪ºҴеǰһ֯ұȻöʱȺҽȡٳû٣ǱķգʡȥѰ鷳
ƶжƻҶӴһѧ鼮þѧϰһЩй֪ʶԱڹؼʱܹó
һ캫һƽ̩ɿԾɺҶ˵ЦȻҶݻûб¶͸ɣǸܿǺĳڷġͬʱҲԼûӲҪȻ֪ᷢʲô¼
һȥǷƽ˾ӣʵϲϿƽһӺ̩ϱܿó
̩ȻʲôҲû˵ҶεǺҵսǰ׼Ҳ˵Ѿ׼֯ս
һ죬̩ɶһصӣڰʱ֣Ҷе˿ӢҲڣɳ
ʲô𣿡ɳºҶɻʵ
ģҴ٧ѻطǰҽ˵һ¡̩˵
Ҷüͷһ壬ǻطĻĵƻȻܵӰ죬˵ɲʲôϢ
⸮ͦģΪҪطأȻ֪ԭ򣬵Ҷ컹ʵ
Һһ鷳ҽҲˣ츮ͦŵġ뿪ҲΪǵİȫǡ̩ɽ͵ʵϣ˵εĽѾǰǴδһܻܿٲ
Ҷתһ룬˵һ䷽̺ɽǰҪȰź˺ͺСȥɣҳٹȥ
̫Σˣҽ뿪ɣԺٿǱǡԺ̩˵ҶİΣŮİΣȻҶðա
һ㣬ҶҲ֪ģ֪ԼôҲ£Ҳֻεʵʲôʱأ
ȻԽԽãطҶѾ׵ˣҪһ߰ɡ̩
ôҶЩգתһ룬˵֮ǰɽǰһЩ⡣ҲȷʵЩҪɽ̡
幫ȥţµõܻ̩˵
ߺˡҶ˵
̩룬ͷӦǺðɣӢ٧ѹȥҽٹȥǡ
ҶҲֻδӦ


672 
ͻıʣִոƶļƻ뿪ѳɱȻ
ȻɲĸӢĸŮȥѣڽôߣһûȷļƻҲֻӦˡ
ڶ磬һ徲ĺȴ֡
Ǻ̩ɣҲΪԼŮÿǣһ฾ŮͺӣͬŮһ뿪˺
һߵĲ඼ˣӢͺ٧Ҳں̩ɽİ֮뿪
øžǱ֮ǰӦս׼
ʱ֣Ҷɽȥ·ЩûߣرȻʮɭϡ
ߵ·ɽӸŷ첽Ǹմӡ
Ҷӭǰȥкϣɽûһ㷴Ӧ޶õĴҶ߹ǰȥ
Ҷüͷһ壬׷ȥɽߣֳŽеǰ
ɽûзӦ
Ҷ̽ɽһ̽⣬ȻɽʶѾ˲ٿء
Ҷһʱ뵽˷ɻǸѪʱٿʶĸо¡ϵͽٿʱ״Ҷ쵱϶ɽҲһǱѪٿˡ
ȻɲǷɻǸѪɵģΪǼһֻеؾԲΪɽӵǰڵΪ㱻Ҳݵô
Ƭ˼Ҷܿ𵱳ִºǸѪ̸ʱἰһѪ
ɽ϶ǱǸһѪٿˣ֪ǼһٿغɽʲôĿģѵҪȥɱҼҶ²š
Ϊ֤ʵ뷨ںɽԡ
Ƭ̣˸ۡкɽ죬ҶҲͺ޹˼ɵĸ˽ȥЩȻ赲
űǰҶܿ췢ɽеĿĵƺһ飬Ժһ뷨ѵǸһѪҪúɽȥ
ϸ룬ֿԻǼģǸһѪҲԺҳЩɻ䣬ԱٿغɽȥߡϾԺɽĿǰ״ҪɱҼɹʿ϶ܵͣĻҪһЩ
뵽㣬ҶһϲɽȥͿ԰·٣Ƚߡ
ż飬һ·źɽǰߣҶֻźɽܹ˳
·ϵδ赲ɽԺɽݣҪȻǳͨġ
˼ӺҶԶԶǰһΰɵĹ佨ЩơһȦߵΧǽΧԺӴʮɣſϹңϷд֣ǰһƽ̨ף̨ʯɵʯ
ۿ쳣֮ϴεľ̽ԺӶһεĽš
ϴεĽѵҶûɢȥ̽⣬ͬҲûҿ̫ھſڻʮԶʱͣ˽Ų
⸽أΪıرǰɭϡҲǣҪͻ磬ٶ˰Ҳ޼¡
ɽѾ߽ҶҲûҴҡڵվ·м䣬Ƕ㵽ϵһⱻ·ĺ˿֦
վԶԺԿԺһЩߴʯϸһа˿飬ʯ϶֡ÿһʯӦôźһλ棬ʯϼصЩķṦΰ
ûãҶ㿴ɽ˳һ鶫
ѵõľǺҵֻôôλƵģԶԶźɽĶҶüͷ
ȺɽߵҶ첽ǰϵ£ɽŲһͣͣԭء
ٳ￴ȥȻֻһλơ
ҶЩź˵Ѫкɽ͵ôһλʲô
˵䣬ִ̽Ӻɽｫλץ˹õǰһϷһ֡溫Ծ֮λ
ԾҳԾҶĬȻƺʶʲôһ飬Ǵһɿ֡ΪʶҵܾܿͲλ֮У£ԼλƣҲζԼܵΣա
ʵҲˣλǲλ֮С
ʱҶָɿǿλƲδڵأǹڿСͷǼų⣬ɢŴ̹ǵĺ⡣
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£λȻҫ⣬һ͸ӰλϺȻֳ
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һ̣ȫĴ̹֮ʹָоĵƬھзɿ촩һ㡣
ΣգҶҧǿϵľʹѸ۳һöԼѨϡʶĻȻᱻݻ١
ǣǣöڵѨϵ뾹Ȼδܶ˿赲ڵĳ֮ڣ۳Ϊ̬ɢī֭ڵ档
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Ѫ䲢а䣬ԾԼʩչа䣬ҲԿػ󱲵ľġ
ǰ̺ѾԽҶǸԪ壬Ҳ˵ʵѾ쾳֮ϡ
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ȻעƺҶϣһʼĿͽעҶǵ
ҶΪǲǿԲŽĹ۲ţܿ㷢ʵˣΪڶԷ˫նһ˿̰ǿǵ
ҶʶһʱλȻһһӰǺ˳ȥʽƺȥ
Ҷ쵱Ȼǲóѵģ鶯֮ʣԪϣסȥ·
סƣԭն˫֮ɭעҶ죬ֹĿҶз
Ƭ̣ҶԪͬʱ鷢˹
Ҳûɵţ̧ͰϸֹǣȭͷӭҶԪ塣
أ
ҶȭͷֹǽʵʵײһֻƲһֹȴ̺ޱǿǽҶԪӲĻɳȥ


673 
Ԫ屻ɵͬʱԪѴӺ鷢ơ
鷴Ӧ񣬲Ԫ嵽ѸתȭӭԪȭͷ
֮ǰĽѵҶûȭȭ֮ʣԪֱͻȻŤһ㣬˳ĹǱ۲ƶϣȥƬ֮䣬㱻Ԫһʵʵ
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Ҷüͷһ壬ƣ̽ԪһץԪ˲仯С
һ֣Ҷ˦һ䳯ȥ
ڿзŸǰɫڵĿлһɫӰ·ǻһ㡣
ת˲֮䣬׷Ƿĵ漫ȥ
ۣ
ĺӲг룬˳ȥһŤ»ûΡ
ɺ׺ͣȻһڣǻֻɫá
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ڰľʹ֮£ЩĻһΧ
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һ࣬ԪһֻѴòɿһΪ֮󣬵Ȼ½Ԫ嵹ҲǿӦսԪԴ·磬㽩ȥ罫ܡ
ֻɵòδ٣סƺķȥ
ءһҵײĽâţҲٴαɡ
Ȼķ᲻ɴݵӣҶľάֵģõÿһײӵ˫ԪҲסڡ
ֻźţҶԪһֻóȥԪ֣Ƚֻøˡ
嵽ԪԣҶһץԪ廯С󲽳嵽øǰ߸߾õͷȥûᵱͷϮһţ³һź棬ҶӭϮȥ
Ҷ̹ûӲ롣ڳ֮ʱɿԪʹ֮¼õԴȥ
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ҶԪԭأ˫֣ʮָӡȻʩչָ׼סֻá
Ƭָ̣ʩչϣ̧ĳһͼڣͼһ֮¶ͷ˲չףйһƬ⣬ͷС
ͣԪˡ
һֳ룬õĿתûΧ򣬾ֱȥ
ײڵɲǣͻȻǱƵһ㣬ءһѿɢ
ЧҶ쵹һԪϽϥ£д̾һ߻ָһά
Щɢڿеĺܿ۳һţ»̬ʶûӲ̧ͷͷϿյͼڿȥ
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ͷԣҶԪľʹЩĸͼϡ
зλͼҫ۵Ľ⣬ϷЩʱɢ
·ðԴעͷϵͼڣź治ͣҡҷţ
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ᣡ
һ£ͼҲϵĽâҲǼ簵ȥŵǱͼϵĽâڻһ㣬һεī֭һڵĺҺϷ£Щֻ֮ƺ±ջȥ
ãֻᡱһ죬ͼھ粣һѿϷЩҲǲƵģĴɢ䣬Ұ޹⡣
ĺľ󶼻Զվָξûٻָܵش
ͼڱͬʱҶԪҲܵ˲Сĳ嶯һ͸
ͼں󣬵Ť֮±̬޴󰭵ӡ
һαźȥҶԪǰ赲
أ
õĹȭײԪˣû
Ԫסƺ󣬸Ͻǰӡ
ǡءһײԪٶȱɣ赲סõĽŲ
ۿþҪ嵽ǰҶ߷µСҪϷʲôʱ򡣡
Ȼ׻ڱչ֮УôĶܲȻڰԹۡ
̽ץȥ֮ʱ֮лȻ¡һֻһԶڵʼ֮Ϯøǰû÷Ӧ׵Ѵ͸
䣡ͽȻѣڿɢ


674 
ɢĺܿ۳ãûȥעǽĶ׻꣬ܲӣǲ׻
ôʱľ׻ĸͷȻûʲôɳϵѾ൱ҶƣڵѳԽ˵ơ
׻ƽĿԶ飬Ҷ٩Сӣô͸ջƵģ˻Щֵˡ
ҶĨ˰ѺƵǰǸһĲ֮͡
׻겻Сӣǵ˱˻ԣƵطס˲ûգôüôҲеж֮ġ
ҶƲƲ죬˵˵ıȳĻ־ҲΪԼҪûңĻ׳
׻ԴƲߺߵøƽϡ
·ϻˣϽȽǰһ˵ɡҶ춽ٵ
׻곯ǰÿȥµĽһȦ˵ʿû٣ǧٹ֣ȻֵĶҲó
ҶĨ˰ѺдȻǰ棬˿ҪǸˡ
׻겻ΪȻ㾡ܴɣûϵ
ҶʼȻûϵˣΪǲ˲Ķ
ɲǶ֮ϵ׻ԴһȻ˵
ǰǰ㲻ǶҶ첻Ц
׻б۳Ҷ죬ɵ˵ôһЦûʲôġ
ôأ˵ûɣ˵㲻ǶҲûɣ˵ûˣҶʵ
׻ϸһ룬ҲûʲôԾǾͲټƽϣڰֵˣЩһǾϲ⣬мǹͨ
ǾٷϻϽȰѡףֻȥˣҶŷǰֻûӰˣŤͷһɨȻ󾪣ֻþȻźӴܡ
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Щɢĺܿ۳һţٴλûһŵۺâ
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׽ڵ֮ϣâţӲĵ׻һ
׻һ޵üһе
׻˵֮ʣҡһ䣬ǱһӰ֮ǰӲԾλжݳǸӣҶƶӦǲԾĻӰ
׻ӰһۣмʲôӶûãֱĵ̣ͽн޳˵ţ׽廯һϮȥ
Ӳ̧֣ǰָ˼ָֽȻǰϮ׻ָȥһҫ۰âָ⼤
â׻ֻ䡱һ׻ʱѿâɢܿ죬Щâֻ±Ρ
Ȼôһ֣ǵ͹ˣƾͣ𿹺⣬ֱǳ롣׻˵
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ֲһĻܿǵҰָȻǿǰĳʱ˲Ŀɿڴ
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685 
ʯ֮䣬ҶоԼڵѪѸٳ룬Ҳͻɸʬ
ǣ˲䣬ԭҪܴ壬Ȼм
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أҶԼٶɢѪҺѸջأͳȥģѪҺЩȫµѪҺҽһ㣬ź޵Ĺâҳ
һ̣ҶоԼҲڻ䣬һİȴϤĵȻȻ·ҪƵġ
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һѪܿ쳣æջ˿ʮס
ٳҶ쿴ȥӻȻɵùԲ֮ɫԸӣѵ˿ĭ૲ĸ֣ʥ塭

ˣѪǴӺζģ
ǰ߻˵ԭϲѪλѪ֮Ĵ˵硣磬Ѫһ屻ΪѪ壬ΪѪѪҧһ㶼ֱЩӵʵݱΪѪ塣
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֮ǰ˵ѪԼѪҧˣֻҪӵ˵ʱܴݱΪѪӵųΪѪʣٵҵʼ洫УɳΪһѪϸĽ
ԺܽΪʼ𣿡
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ߵͷˣӵʥҲûõģνΪ

ٶȻܴʱһ˵ĻһѪﾡǾ֮ɫǰһӵʥ޷š
ڷЩɱ䣬Ҷһʱ޷ӦЩںѪÿϸȫޱȡ
໹ڡءţҶؿŴоЩð̣˫Ҳһȡ
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һѪӾ֮лعҶѳǰһţһҧĲϡ

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˲ԾĻҶЩźʵ˵㵱ʱΪѾͻƣǼأ
λǰָ㣬ҵΪȷʵͻͽͻ硣Ծش
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ҲʱǨЩԽ쾳ǿ߶һѾ˰ɣĿǰû˵г쾳Ĵڡ̩ɽɽǸ֮⣬Ҷȷʵ˵Խ쾳ǿߣڽҡ۷Ҳǿߡ
׻üͷ˵ڲûУҲ㲻ĳͨʿνĳ쾳ǿߡ


686 
λǰ˵ûԵＫ򷴣ҲˡԾһ˿п˵
Ҷ룬ʵⳬ쾳ʲôרҵĳƺ𣿡
Ծش쾳ضƣν뷲쾳֮ǷɳΪ󾳣ָƽ徲֮
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ҶСӦҲ֪쾳ǿԼģͬģǿڽҲԼġǵԼȥڽ緢չڽҲԼǱζԼʧȥɡԣܶ쾳Բǿ߲޷̤󾳣ǲԸһԾϸĽ͵
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Ծͷ˵ûǿߵѾƣһ֣ܻܿضǲ롣ˣǿ߾쾳ǿһܵƵģƵøϸ񡣡
ʵҲʵ磬쾳ǿܵԼΪ˱ҷ˵ԼǾԵģһЩܿ˵ĳֻǿԵġ
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Ҷ׵ĵ˵ͷѹִû˵ʲôǿߣЩΪﵽ쾳Բϼһﶼס˽Ųٽ
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ȷе˵ϴζԸǸ쾳Բͷʱֵģʱʵ쾳ԲӣٽһĻܾܿͻضˡ׻ʩʩȻ˵
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ҶЩգʣô̾Ѫǲʲôϵأ
ʲôѪû˵⡣׻ҡͷ˵
ǳ۾ᷢ⣬Ѫ⡣Ҷ
׻룬˵ӦѪɡ
Ǿ͵ѪˣǸ̾ǲʲôϵأҶеʵ
׻˵ͷ˵˵һЩصĴ˵
Ҷ۾һæߴٵʲô˵˵
׻ͷȻ磬Ѫһ֧Ϊϵ塣˵ڵľѪкһʮص鶾ܵ鶾ȾˣὥݱΪѪ塣ˣϹʱڵʱѪ׳Ѿϳ塣
ΣѪչ˴սһսѪӵŲ֮ûʲôʶƲ뾡ְ취ԸѪ壬ץһЩѪоо֣ЩѪ˵ѪҺһʹѪӵ˲ԽԽǿΪ˶ԸһЩ߻ʮʱ䣬һ׹רѪ壬׹Ǵ̾ĳΡȻֻǸ˵ѣ٣ҲͲö֪ˡ
׻ĽҶ˼Ƭ̣˵˵ʮа˾ˡ
ôѲѪˣ׻ʵ
Ӧ˵ѪɡҶش
׻겻ΪȻҲΪ棬ҲĳѪﴩԽȻҧ˼ˣһСܰɡ
Ҷͷ˰ɡ
ȻĴ̾ſѪҲûʲôõĵˡˣҪչȥˣ޹ؽҪС¾ͱͷˡû˵꣬׻ѻâɢһա
׻ߺ󣬲Ծֿڵ֮ǰȻ֪ߵȴǲҶС巢һЩصı仯ҶСûʲô󰭰ɣ
Ҷ̾˿Ƶ˵Ҳû֮ǰҲСıֻѪҧһڣҲѪҷҧһڣȻͻԹȥˡ
ô˵ǸѪѾҧˣԾʵ
ҶЦûҲ˰ɡ
ҶСѹȻѪĿǰûܰҧҧˡԾЦ
Ҷ˰Ѻû֣Ը˵ҪôңҪǸҷҵĻҾͰϳȥ
Ծ˫һ̯εҶСҲˣ磬ʵòʲô㡣
ѵ֮ǰûаʲô˽ʲôεĵطҶڴʵ
ӦûаɡԾյ
ҶƲƲ죬ˬô˵ˣ
ԾЦ˵ҺôҲǰôһˣأҶСѲĻҾͽɡ
Ҷ۾һæʣ֮ǰٻ⣿
Ծͷûҵķȷе˵ҲһֻǲлˣҪȻ̶ֳȵѪʮҲĶ֡
ʮļٵأҶһɵسŲԾ
ǺǣҶСպƳԼķǾ֪ˡԾЦ˵
ҶɵҪ˵ôǺЩôôûأ
Ҫռ꣬Խǿ꣬ƳķҲԽռǿ꣬ԲƲķɡԾ͵
Ҷͷ׹磬ҪռǿߵȷʵǼ׵¡ţһתаЦҴͷǶ£Ҫ͸ҵˡ
Ծҡҡͷ˵˵һ˿꣬޷תõģȻʹиˡ
Ҷһź̾˿˵ðɺðɣǸһǰһţƵ룬־ԣһһŮȽϰ˵һЦţĳٻһʮ׸ߴĳŮϹ˵Ĺۡ
ҶһļЦԾȻã޵֮ǰһֱû޵ߵ
һYY֮ҶȲ²˳٣Ͻɡ
¿ɷһʱ֮պɡԾ
պҲ̫ˣԼܻ춼֪һһƨˣǰˡҶȻͬ
ǺǣҶСѾܷĺˣʱһеġҸղҲ˵ˣҪǿķ񣬾ͱռһЩǿ꣬ԴżáԾѵ
ҶƲƲ죬ðɣԺҾͶɱЩţƵˣռһЩţƵꡣ
Ծ
ҶֵȻһʱҲɣҾȳȥˣҿЩڵءˣǺĿǰλǿߣӦϺɣ˵ţٺһЦݳ
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687 
ԪݳֻѴСվ˵ǰ
Ҷƺֱӵʵ㵽ʲôˣҺкĿģ
Ҷĵ˵ʲôˣ֮Ұǻ˴УҲǺҵĴ˰ɣѵǺҾôԴ˵𣿡
Ŀһţֺߺһ˵ҿֵıɲҺңҺѰ䷽ɣ
ȷʵˣҪ˺Ծ䣬֮ززˡҶܳʵĻش
ѵҺңΪ˵ȡҺҳʵ
ҶЦЦ˵ûһʼһǺҵĿȷʵΪ˵ȡ㺫ҵĳķ֣͵оʵΪݣǱа͵ķʽóǴǺҺ֯սʱ򣬳Ҵ٣Ĵûϣͼ˸ˡ
Ƶ˶
ȻѳǱҺĿĲ죬ǽѺڴҲ޿ɺˡ˵
ҶüͷһΪȻЦȰǻʡʡİɣ˵ιزסңܽѹסҲа취ӳȥ
ߣҺµǿټЩҲѷɡᶨ˵
ЩȴһӣϾǰ˵ʵʵֲ̫ˣұ֤ķܶЧ
ķҶвҪĻδƲˣֻеǳ룬˷
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵òŲᣬҲԹԷҳȥģ˵С㱻֯ץˣ˵ûɣ
Ҷ⻰ɫһ䣬رǺƣ֮ŭ⡣Ůһִ󣬶Ůһ۰мѣ֯ǱҲ֪һ㣬ԲŻץߺҪЮǸ˽֮ˣδΪһ֮˽ңԾԷúҪЮҲûЭ
ô˵ʲô˼Ƴʵ
ûʲôر˼ֻǺСҶаЦ˵
һ֪ץʱãʹļ׵˾ΣܵͬҪЮľƺЩҡˡ
ںƳʱ򣬺ѵ˱ǸһѪҪ£ǷѱᱨҺңԻ˼
һ±üᶨûв֮ǰʹʲôУǶġ
ҶǺһЦ˵ǺѾ˺С㣬ͷҸ˵һߵˣɶ
ߣ㻹ʡʡİɣЩɼҺǲõġȵ
̫ˣֻǺĸǺСѣû˵Ҫ˵ôƯѾͷһ᲻óǻǰҹûʲôֻǰԼҳڸڵǿɾǴТˡҶҡͷ̾
üͷһ壬ʵ⻰ʲô˼
ֱ׵ĸ˵ɣǳںԾҶ׳԰סءҶĶ˵
ƵϾǾ֮ɫ֮ǰԾ֮ҶڣҶ츹ֳԾЩǶĿõģٽǰҶ˵ⷬкƵв졣
ˣɲҪ˵˵ɵ
ҶԴһȻ˵ҷŸЩͷ˵ڻ˵Ҫధ֮£ҲΪѵĴӦˣǰëˣŲҰǶϡ
Ƶ˶Ǻղѣ˼Ƭ̣ƿ˵к֤֤Һҳڣ˵¹ϵ󣬲ҲóŪС
ǵţͽѵﲻТ˵ţҶֽԪԾлιͷЩﶼͷĽ̻أȥѵɡ
ҶСѣĿǰ޷뿪У㿴ڵӣͷ㻹ǽҺϸɡԾЦǺǵ˵
ҶƲƲҵĵƸķݣϲҽͷҾͽ㺫ϵܺˡ
ԾЦεǺðɣҲֻǸƺѡ
ҶִߴٵϽ취Щ֪ڣҪȻٲҳȥҿɾҪ㺫Ҵɱˡ
ԾЩΪѵ˵Ҳûʲôʵŷ
Ҷ룬ʵѵǰûʷһЩ֪ѵ֮Ķ
Ծشǰδ׫дʷȻЩ
ҶĨ˰Ѻ۾һˣЩһַǳţƵѪͳ䣬ܽҽ֮ӦþŲˡ
Ŷ֪Ǻε䣿Ծʵ
Ǻڶһξ£ˡҶ򵥵Ľںҵ䣬ĿǰҲֻ˽⵽档
Ծ˼Ƭ̣˵ҶСѣ鷳һӴþ̽һ˽״
ðɣ㺫ҵ䱻ˣǷһˣҿô飬֮ǻˡҪ󣬰ңҺҶаЦ
ǺǣһƲл꣬˵ֻ꣬ѡԾЦ
ҶƵ㻹һǴ
˵ţ㲻ٷϻԪع塣
ǰƵ˶һڴؿҶ죬۾ϾǼɫԷʵĻǶ˵ȻĪĸ
Ҷǰɨһۣ˵ʮźڲЩТ
һߺߵҿںߡ
Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵ǲǺߺܿܽˣȻǣôǽϵ䡣һҪǼ顣
һһ˷ܣ˷֮࣬¶֮ɫ
СӹƶˣĻʵڲš˵
ɽУޣҪҹȥɡ
룬˵ǿķҲˣʲôȥɡ˵űߵҶǰ
󷽵ĺ˶һ䱸ӣҶˣƵġ
Ҷ̵Ĵӵվ̧ץ˺ƵȻĲԾ˵һ
ԾþԺƽһ̽⡣
ԾջأҶæȥʵôЩо𣿡
ԾصѪȻʮǿ󣬲ҪƽҲѡ
Ҷ̲ס̾ϵܣ̫ţˣＸԴҲûҵ취ôת۹Ȼ뵽˷ӡһĲŻҲͲû䵽ˡ
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688 
ҶڵûʲôѣǻȻҿȻٻ￴ͳˡ
ҶСѣƵɲ򵥣ÿһʣÿһÿһ֮ж̺塣Ծɫ˵
Ҷ˫һ̯˵ȻҿɾͰĪˡ
Ծ˼Ƭ̣ҲѧϰƵҪھ͸ѧϰɡ
ڣ֮ǰ˵ѧϰ޵֮һʱ֮Ѳһ׸һأҶ캹յ
Ծҡͷ˵ҶСѶˣֻƽķҪҶСѵ㹻ǿĻŵʱ㲻ĻƳҪҵĻ·Ҳǲġ
Ҷ룬ҲֻܴӦ
һ˴֮Ҷ㽫ԪǱĸԾѧϰ֮
ȻҶƲ츳ڲԾλ񼶵ʦĽ̵֮£Ǻܿ첽ż
ʵҶ˵·Ǻģ޵Ϊעؾǻʹ񣬶ҪҶӵ˫ԪΪ޵
޵֮·һ;;Ÿʵļĳ
Դ̤·Ҷĺı㱻׼ѧʵѧһ㣬Ƭѧ֮С
ߵߵߵ
Ҷһ޵鼮ǰȥţվŵǺɽ
ǺǣҽûɣɽһЦϹϾʵ
ǰʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
ɽϿҵ˵ģϴҽڸҵǵѾо͸һұΪ½ڵ䡣˴ҺܹøɶҽĹͣҴҽʾĵĸл
һ֮ǰҶ㽫ڸ˺ңʱɽλѧרҵҶĽ˿϶ԺҲ˲ԾҶڵʵˣ㱻ų˵Σ˺ҵߵδ
Ҷ콫ɽһƺѽ͸ǰιӦòΪ˸ҵлô򵥰ɣ
ɽЦ˵˸ҽл֮⣬ȷʵе˽Ҫͷҽ
ҰܴɣҶֱ׵ʵɽС˼ῴ
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ʵܴľҲûôأϴΪҪΪԲûʩչ汾죬ҪȻɱҽֵ֣ˡҶԿ˵
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ںɽϣҶܹڹӰӣƨıɲȺڹ
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Ҷڰ֣ˣû¾߰ɡ
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Ҷصǰ֮ǰǱ޵鼮С
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Ҷ˳򣬻ɵʵ˵Ѿͷͷҵţòǰ˰ɣ
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Ҷʼ磬Ǿòˡ
һֲˣб۵Ҷ죬˵ôоҰΪƵġ
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ٳˣϹ۵Ů˲Żᰮ㡣ߺߵ
ҶƲƲ죬ʵкιأ
үүϯȥһ˵
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ˣҿǴǧеŮ񣬱˶ȥˣôҲֲ㡣ԴһȻ˵
ҶüͷаЦǧԵУ˭֪ٲˮأ˭ĿͨСأ
ৡһ±ͨ죬ɶļһҲ뿴ˣ˵űתȥ
κҶ죬޷ǾΪ˸лæ˺ҵ䡣
ϣҶ˼뿪ϢȻǴΪᣬȻҶڵڡ
Ҷ첢δΪ˵Ĳ£ڵڶһ磬뿪˺
ںҵİ£ɱ˷ͷΣ˳ͨİ죬ǰķɻһվǶ孵۹
˴ǰ孵۹ҪĿɽ֯Ϣ
֮⣬ȥȡڵʦ孵ʱʦ˵һЩţƴ˵Ҳľ˵֮ܿܶͨҲһֱûҵʵˣԲŻᱻ
ν֮ͨк֮Ҷһ֪˺ıȽǿԽǹĶԽȥٸסԣ̶ѨҲҪһ
˴жĵһվأɽһλɾصo׽ɵͬʱ˳ȡ뾵뾵ҲձȨ֮һ


689 
ܷɻյվǴ棬Ӵ浽زԶҲһСʱ·̡
ȻҶ첢ǰ񹬣òһ˰ƬķԴأлĻȻȥҼƬŮԱһ
ڣҶԾʵϵܣ֪孵
ҶСָģĪձȨԾʵ
ǣӦ˽ɣҶڴ
ԾЦЦʵѲҶСֶ
Ҷֱ׳椲ݷǾӣбǺӣ˵ͦţƵģлĻȻýˣˣ
ҶСѻ˰֮վȻδԾ޷޵˵
ΪӺɷȻðվ񣬸οεȡҲֻ˵оաҶ˵
ԾһЦ˵ҪǣɲҵóȻȡ»òʧ
ô˵Ӧвٵ˽ˣϽ˵˵Ҷ
ʵҶҲû̫˽⣬ֻ֪ǴӶʱıԾ򵥵˵
ʲôҶ첻ʵ
ҲǶ孵ʷǰʱԭ۲ࡣԾ͵
Ҷ˵ͷʣôʲô֮أ
Ծҡҡͷ˵ҾͲˣϾһֱǺѽӴġ
ô֪͵ҶһгӣȻ֪ЩٺϾ磬쾳Ҳ˲ˡ
ǸһЩ˵ϵʵ´˶۵ġԾش
ʲô˵˵ҶĺٴαͺЩѪĴ˵һвɷ֣ٻЩݵġ
ÿиԵĴ˵֪ǹڲ񽣵Ĵ˵ݶ孵ġ¼ǡأմĵ֮ܵ򴳻Ӹԭƹ˳ƹʺεʱ򣬵֪˴һͷּ᪴ߡǰУ᪴ÿҪԵصĴһŮΪƷڰ걻ѡΪƷ浾ҵŮӡ
֮оΪװ浾Ｇڼ̨׼˰̳ƣ᪴󣬱ƵζͰѰ˸ͷֱ̳ʹ᪴ߵİ˸ͷȫ֮г˻ʮȭѰ᪴ߵͷһ£Ȼնβ͡ɾնϵβʱʮȭǱһȱڣβʸβзһ˽ΪƽҲĲ񽣡Ծϸؽ
˵ô񻰹ƵġҶЩƵ˵
ԾЦԭ񻰹£ٿԿ϶֮նɱ᪴ߺ֮ǲǴβãǾд֤ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҿνԭĸߡ
ţԾ˵񽣣ʵһ˵ڽʱһСǩ鼮֮Уżٿ̽񽣵ļ¼ϼأֻҪһ񽣣ϱӿ˺Щ̽񽣵ٷ׷ܵ񽣵䣬
䣿ĪǸǺҵһҶʵ
Ծմʼ棬ҲǶ̵񣬶޵֮ྶֻͥ޵ͬޣΪմ̫Źŷմϵ¶֮ŷϵҪ˵䣬Ӧ޵˵𲻴󣬲ø̵Ļ˵䡣
Ҷ룬ʵĪҲ䣿
Ҳ˵뾵մΪģ˳ԭմȻôҲ˵ȡȻ䲻֮ҲһɡԾ˵
˵Ļôȡ治׵¡ҶֹԭΪֻػѣ¿ûô򵥡
ҶСѣȰ㻹ǳȡͷɣȻմ񲢲ɣҲ̵ı棬ʵ״ﵽ˺εȵزѾ޷ԤϡԾȰ˵
֪ˣһῴŰġҶӦô˵ȴû˿֮⣬Ϊˡ

һſɫ£ŻɫñŮɫҴҵſȥ
߽֮ʱͻȻ첽׷죬׷ŮӺ󣬵ǰһ˿˵Ůʿʾ֤
Ůǰ쿴˿ƳƳȻƽĽ¶ȥ
ܿ죬¶ȡһ֤ȥɾһҪȡ֤֮ʱͻȻ̽ץסԷԼǰ͵һͬʱ̧ҽϥǺݺԷȥ
ƺһ̱ڵأ˫Ÿӹ˴Ϻ
һ췴ӦŮɨȣϡ챻ߵĵŮѸٳǰһţ츹вҽһͬ˴Ϻ
Ů£µתȥһȺ·ľ
ŮӵӰʧȺ֮УҶߵĵùǰǣһ侮ʯĳЦһŮ˶ԸˣҲ湻ûõġ
ϵ˶úղѡ
Ц֮ҶϿҡڵĳǰȥ
˹žǻվǰԳJR쳵Ϻߡ
ϴκʦ孵ʱߵľ·ߣҶᳵ·شǰϺг
ϺǰĽͨʽѲվҪСʱΪλŮҶҲû˼ˡ˫ĿܲʵŮɨţرƶǰȹλʱᶺһ
ֻϧ䣬ŮǶ˺ʵĶװǴŶȹҲźĿ࣬ʵҲûʲôͷ
ͰӹŮ˵ɫҪһΣȻ˵ӹҵһԭ򣬵ҪԭѪͳ⡣孵˸ͷªСܵձȽ϶С孵ŮȻҲòȥʦɫŮˣǷڰӹʹлֻһ㣬Ƿڶ孹ȴѾϡƷˡ
仰˵ڶ孹ϵģ඼Ƿ㼶Ĺ⡣ЩŮȻƷֱȽϵӣǸͨױͷװ䣬˺ױαɴƭ
ǰӣʵҶܹжױĳݣֻǲȥƻǰжѡ
̸۲ݣȻѹҶ컹̸۾ҵĻ⣬ӦǼҵĴѧֻǵĿҶ൱ȻһҪȥӦƸƬŮǡ
ҲǣƬԱǺϷְҵһЩУŮְҵЩŮѧУʱͿʼ˽Ϊþڱҵ˳̤·Ҳǵ붼ǳΪһĲʦ


690 
Ƕ孵ڶУҲǶ孵ľģﲻ񶫾ǰнͽţ쳣ɡǲҪؾصŶӣϿ˵ҲòźܾЩʹлǱȽϽӽġ
гִѲվʱ֣ѲվǸͨŦҲǴһҵիΪĵҵֻ㼯˸ʽʱе̣ǴΪҵн֣ҲЩϲֹŮǵѡ
Ҷ첢ûмǰأѲվ³ڸ˼ҾƵסڴ죬Ȼǰء
÷뿪Ƶ꣬ȥʳ
˵ƵṩͲͣò˴棬ȻȥƷһĸַζСԡ
ʦ˵أҶӡıŮ˺ʳ
ʳǴһɫ˳ƴΪµһʽӦоС
зգЩοԼѡ
ڽһҶܿ쿴ֱмҳյĵ꣬Ǻԥ˽ȥ
ҵ治Ҳǲ²𣬲ǼķԱǺҶ쿴á
߽ܿзԱӭǰдڷԱĴ£Ҷλǰ
˷պơƣȷԱߺһȦ
ҵװ޲㾫£ͦɾģزʮֹҲһȾ
ʱλ˰˳ɣˣһߺСƣһ߸̸ۣ൱֡
ֱߵĸӣͷߣӵ൱ʵִ֫İƵġǿ̸۵ĶһЩ׵Ļ⣬Щ˾ڴлЩ죬ƽֺеĺȺСƣС椣Ӿôȥˡ
˲ãһԱȽϸŮӣһֶһգһһƿơҶǰ
ӺơƷºЦ˵áƺǶ孱ˡ
ŮǺˣҶʵͨԵȻԷеĺ
ŮԳԾʵô֪أ
ҶЦЦ˵ġ
ѵҲǺˣŮʵ
ҶҡҡͷҲǺˣմӺ
㲻Ǻˣкʵ̫ˡŮ̾
ҶǺһЦ˵ΪҲͨѡ˵ţúʵôᣬӦûУѧɣ
Ҷú˵ĻŮһúʵĲǺˣ
ѵΪԼֲ𣿡Ҷ쿪Цʵ
Ůæҡҡͷ˵Ҳ˼ֻǾĺ˵ʵ̫׼ˣ˶Щ硣
ҶЦҲûʲôֻҶѧϰⷽȽ츳ˡ
ŮЦЦֻشҶ֮ǰ⣺ڴѧѧѧҵôԾͳûְ
ԭˣڹѧˡҶЦ
ô˵ɡŮЦЦȻǳƯͦͿġҪǣûҲûױνǴȻ
Ҷԭ뽨ȥЩƬԱļְͦӣҲû˵ˡ
ãȥæˡŮ˵
Ҷ˵ͷŮӱתȥɸ߼Ҳһͷ̬кԱȥһơ
ŮӦһ߿ˡ
Ҷ쿪ơƵһζĳ
ûƬ̣ǺŮӱһơҲǰơƷºŮ˵ơѾˣλá
Ҫתȥ֮ǰлǸͷлȵȣǿÿ˵һ
Ůüͷ΢΢壬ЩʵǱȽģΣΪԱܾܾܲ˿͵ĺҪԣȡһƿơƣ򿪺ΪÿǰľƱﵹϡ
ɾͷƵʱ򣬹ͷͻȻþƿֻһѣﻹаЦù⻬Сְ
ŮӱͷͻľֹһþƿֻҲ֮һƸ˹ͷϡ
ŮӻæľƿһߵǸţһȡֽͷϵľˮ
ɹͷȴȫûЩŮΪ֮ʣֽŮһֱӸ˻ЦСˣôˮ飬ϧҪˡ
ŮӻʧɫҪѹͷĻǹͷ˫ĴֽסôʹҲ޷ѣֻð㲻Ҫ
ͷѾеټϱͲʲôûɫȫûŮӵİֻצŮӵ񱳣βȥ
Щ˿Ȼһ߷߲ƽӣϻģҲûǿͷ
ϰͼӵʦҲһĻΣ⼸һǵĳͣϵĵͷߣǿɲȥ
˵ŮǶˣҶǵܣԿ֡ŮǰӹģȻ԰ӹҲûʲôøУ˱Щ孹Ӹռȥ
ԣǹͷּ쵽ŮβʱÿӼһӣ˦ȥ
ž
ڹͷǹԴը˻ͷѽһҽУյŤͷҶ쿴ȥʵСӣң
ֻ۾ˣҶһ޹ʵ
Ǵ߷ɹģȻҵġͷǱըһִȻ߳ȵ
㻹ûк治˼һΪˣҪȻˡҶЦ˵
ͷһȻŭžһָҶȵСӣҿǴִ򡣡
Ůѳû˹ͷħצɼҶƵǴȻóԴΣֻӲͷƤͷԲ𣬶ҵĴҪ־͹Һˡ
Ůôһ˵ͷЩŤͷŮӿȥ𲻻ЦֻҪӦҵŮˣҾͷŹСӡ
Ůһ¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ŮģЩ˶۲ѡĺĶԣǶûͷָֻܰͷᣬֻǹҶϽ͡
˵ĿⶼŮʱȻǡžһͷĺֱӸݺСܴ󣬹ͷѽһҽУǰ
վӺֱźףת󷽿ȥʵ˭˭ң
䣬ҲһӷžͷٴС
ʱͷһͷӻȻָҶ˵磬ҿӶġ
ҶϽ粵ϵܣɲ˵Ϲԩ˰ӸղӵôҲ̯ͷɣ
Ҷ˵еͷҲûɣ˿ĭŲӣ»ˣܵŵ๷һ㡣
ɽһӽ˷һžžͷҽɾû˭ӡ
蹥ͣ£ԴѾ͹˺üͮͮĴԴ޵Ķˡ
ʱղǸëָҶ½е磬ҵģ㿴Ӷҹˡ


691 Ů
ͷҶǰ￴ȥȻһӶûˡ
ͷһɣŭһ˸£
ҶϽ޹ؽ͵ҳԹ˲𣿡
ëʵոջģһգ۵ĹûˣгԵô𣿡֮ǰۿҶֵģֻӷеĹ켣ʵЩ죬Ҳòֵ֤˵Ҷҵġ£Էﶼˣø֤ݣȻŲš
ѵҳԵÿҲд𣿡Ҷʵ
СӣҿĹʱ򣬹ͷҲͲ߶ʮһҧҶ죬Կ϶һһСҵġ
Ҷ˫һ̯εȻǴҪңҲͲؽ̫ˡ
磬СһͲʵȴһ˵ë
ͷͷϣȻһͲййӦȥһ١
ǣëӦһ߳λĦȭƵҶȥ
ǸŮӿļ٣ȴֲ֪룬ֻ̾ϢΨҶԼǸƵģµúСơ
ëܿߵҶǰԷյģԵЩջ𣬡Сӣͷ㻹Ⱦơ
֮ǰһ㶼ȺȵСơҶһﵹžƣһߵȻ˵
ëһȵ˭أ
˭Ҿ˭£ҶӦ
ߣҿǲײĲᡣëӣ׼ֵӡ
Ҷ쵹ƣ¾ƿƽ˵ǼŹײĶ֪ᡣ
ëĥĥģͷߴٵϻȴһ˵
ëԭһɷģǾ⽫ҪֵĹؼʱ̣ȴͻȻήˡתŲСܵͷǰյС˵磬Сǲ򵥰
ëһȽϻ飬֮ǰֻװǻƣٻҪŻҶ죬ɼԷʼնһ޿ֵӣһ˵ƻ򶨵ֻˣһ֣ɵڶ֣ز¶ղŶԷͷһĻë϶ԷܿǸ֡
ǹͷ±Ƚ³çټͷϣýλʦĻſڱȵǸûõĶһȥ˵һѽëƿҶȥ
ڹͷߵǰ֮ʱҶúһƣվץֻװӵĴ룬ֱͷԴϵȥ
ҪȹͷԴСһųߴ磬ԭӦǿ۲ȥģǴ˿ȴʮǺϵĿ˹ͷԴϣһͷƤñƵġ
Դô⣬ŻǴñȽϰȫҶĹͷļЦǺǵѵ
ͷٶ룬﷽ŷһҽС
Ҷ˫㶵һ壬µƿͷſȥ
ֻڹͷԴ϶룬ȻǡѿСӴӹͷԴ䡣ͷԭﭵԴѾѪģм¶˰ɭɭͷǣͷƤƵģżģ
ë˵Ǹ˾Ǹ֣˿̣˶Ųɡ
ҶԭϸϸζյζǷ顣ʵǿʳżʣҶԼƺЩ̫ˡϸ룬֮ǰԵǸĶ孹ӣͻȻ־Լƺ̫˵㣬ǲǸûͷһ
Ѱ˼֮ʣ߳˵ţʱҴһŮӣ˺ɲɵײһ
ŮֻʮͷײҶֱϣΪײֻ̫ͷĵ̫˼
ҶŤͷŮӿȥŮӴһɫСްһɰëñӣϻźΧΧһֱڵ˱ϣֻ¶˫ƯۣȻһɰСŮ
ŮҶƳһۣ¶һĨɫʲôҲû˵ҴƹҶ죬첽ǰȥ
Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ܾŮм죬һʱ֮ȴ벻ļٳŮӵıһۣ˦˦ͷûᣬҪתȥԶͻȻཡľ쳵ֻһҫ۵ľƴ·ͷ۶󷽻һȷе˵Ƕӵĳܿǰ
Ҷ۾һʱ֮ǰڻſڿǸֲŮӡûոײϵӦþǸŮӣҶţԼǾȻϴġ
Ȼ;Ӧ׷ǸŮӣȻ孶½ӣǱ˵̬ѾصΣ档
Ǹӵݿɲ򵥡Ҷ˵ʵһڵһμŮʱӶԷ֣Լ侲ֻֿܣһɱ֣عҶȻܵһʱųɱֵĿԣΪڶԷϲ˿ɱҲ˵Էݺܿһعʮа˾һлع
Ϊ֤ԼжϣҶŮӣһ̽
ѸٽɢܿȺŮӣźɵظȥ
Ůӽһֵ̳̳ﴩһᳵ·˵ǰȥ˵³⡣
Ҷ첻¥⣬ֻŮһɫȻͣġ
ﳵʻ⣬ʻĳҶһƳ̳ԶԶڷ󷽡
Сʱ󣬷ʻһͨĵ·ȥûãͻȻתʻһΪǰо·Ų顣
Ƴ̳ɸŷûã￪ʼ٣ʻ·Ҳ׽
ˣԷѾڸˡƳ̳˾Ҷ˵
Ҷ۾ϣȻ˵ûϵűǡ
˾ΪѵɶԷѾʻҿ׷ˡ
Ҳٲ͵ˡҶ쵭˵
ǡ
˾˵ʲôҶȡһԪֶǱ̨ϡ
ǺһǮ˾⡣νΪΪʳڽǮ£˾ﻹٲ٣һȣһ䣬ӻ˳ȥ
˵ЩƳ̳˾ļʻһģʻ·Ͼˮһ㣬ƹǰЩĳڷﳵĺ󷽡
ﱣŰ복٣תȴôҲ˦󷽵ĸƨ棬ɴͳһƬƫƧɽȥ
ǰ᫵ɽ·ӿݣȻҲ
Ҷһֱ۾˾ЩѵˣԷɽͷȥˡܸоԼƺʲôΣ¼С
šҶȻƽطԸ
ˣղ·ϿپòǱ¾죬׷ӷɣ˾ɵ˵ĻôӷϺܿܲǹ֧һǰƬɽɾ൱Σˡ
Ҷƺ˾ǣɢΧһɨ˵һƬɽҰ룬ǱԸͣˡ
Ҷôһ˵˾һӦһͣ˳
Ҷ쿪³ְڰַԸ߰ɡ
˾ȻⲻˣҶ콫ŹϣϽתƵ·ʻȥ


692 
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ԶҶ죬һ󾪲üͷ
ҶƵߵŮǰԶͣ
ڼŮû˵һֱĶֱҶͣ½Ųſʵʲôˣ
ʲô޹ؽҪҪʲôˣҶƽ΢Ц൱ơ
ҶشŮԵ쳣ƽʲô˲£ӻһ·ңкĿģ
Ҷһ޵㳬Ĺ۲˳һعˡղڻſڵʱŮӲӴԷܼסòԼãԷӵųǿĹ۲
Ҳ֪˵ʲôŮ˵űתس˳š
֮ʣҶ쾶ֱ嵽ǰѸٴ򿪳˽ȥ
ŮŤͷҶ쿴ȥüȵȥ
ҶƤλϣ˵˵ŮɽҰģ˳糵£ѵĿ·ȥ𣿡
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Ů֪ʵڻſڿŵʱҵľѾױ²ˡǼӵĵſڣײһǰĴУҵڶ¡Ҷһ˵
Ůŭէ֣ǿͷŭ⣬侯ٲȥҿɾͲˡ
֪ŮҪβأȻҸҸɽҰ룬ȻѾʪ׼ֻһǴ֮в֮ϣŮָ̡ܶҶƤЦ˵
Ů޿̣̽һѾסҶ죬ǰ˵һӣ³ȻҰʧͱˡ
ѵŮ뽫ȼɱ˵ĻҲ޺ˡҶаЦ˵ţһŮϵȻڳһ֮ɫ
ŮһĨɱ⣬ջǳסٴξһӣ㲻ʧһԶʧ˵űɿ֡
ɾŮ֮ʣҶ˳ƶϣѵˮŮ촽һ¡
ŮȻûϵԷɫȻ˵زһСᣬܿ췴ӦһһСȡ˳һ㳯Ҷ첱ϴȥȻҪҶء
ŮӳٶȺܿ죬ϾֻûΪķˣҶǰЩʽڻȭȡ
С̵ǰҶӳһץסŮӵƽЦѵŮϲɱ飿ؿζǰôҲˬһˬ
ŮӷҪֳأɲôŬҲ޷ҶǯĴ֡ѲŮѸһһСɵֻ˳
žǹɲǼ
ҶǰһץǿŷĵͷץţͷŮǰ˻ΣЦŮ򵽼ðαӲƷˣȻҵֶ򲻴
ô侲Ůӻ̲סǺܿعʳָٴΰ⶯һžžǹʣӵ˲һɨա
ǣЩӵҶֽ
ŮƬ̣ľһɨգǹǱһͬʱɿŵСȻѾеͶˡ
ҪôãϤ㣬ָ˵κϢŮԴһƲһļᶨӡҲѾ³Ҷݣ֪Լ֣Ҳͳ׷˷
ҶаЦʵô𣿡
ŮûлӦ
ҶĿ⼫ʵŮɨȻŮӴСްӦò̫
Ȼ㶼ôԵİʾˣҲͲˡڿ֮ǰҵȸ㽲һλϸ̡ȣȻ½Ƥײףͷ󲻴ĺòáȻЩص㣬Ƥһ㣬ͷСһ㣬Ĳһ㣬ҶģΪ˱ȽעȻ˵ɲʲôôãҲϱߡ˵ڣָ޷бģͷָΣ±ߵСùˮۣ˳ټǲǴҶһ˵
ŮŭⰻȻΣԼǶԷϵ⣬ֻ׸ķݡ
Ҷ˶٣ּ˵Щֻǻǰ׼һ˵ֻҪûϵȱݣҶ㡣ȼɺһҲʽˣΪλݷḻʣҴϷʼ֮ǰһȤǰϷ磬ͷͷţͷͷҪӲ̼һֻҲԵ
ǰϷʱ䣬ԤʮңǰϷҲʽ״̬ˣϷҲˡϷҾӦǳѭ򽥽ԴͳʽΪżһЩĻϺƳҽ𹳡ͯӰݷ𡢹̸ӿǹȵȡЩǰڡŻѪܽı飬ģµͬʱӦþһ󵨴£¸ҳµĶȻЩֻҸ˵뷨иõǡ
ŮѾ
ŮӲ˵ҶȻûʲôҿɾͰҸղŵļƻִˣжĹУʲôͻҲʱ
˵꣬Ȳ̽Ůٿȥ
ŮӾľżһ㣬ûκηӦҲ͸ҶжˣȥŮӵСްϵһ¡ܿ죬Ůϱ߾ֻʣһɫֻ֣̫ȴǡôС¶СŰ۵һǳĹҶˮ
ŮӵɼᶨȣǽķȭĺĲûбϿǰ򶨡
ҶЦ˵ڽҿֻСõɴ֮ǰҾһָС
˵䣬̽ŮǰȥܿҲУץסֻѩ׷۶еԵСá
Ůҧ´Ѿ⣬ˣԾû˿Э֮⣬˵壬Ҳϧ
ˬһѺҶջ֣аʢǿнаͷѹȥûиԷ֮ǰɲ³ç¡ǰŮǴлعôǿɾģҶҲ̵ֲֶȥ˺Ƕ˵ĻҶӾȡͬսԡ
ջֺҶϿ˵ĺˣҲǶˣҲץˣû´ĻӦһعɣĸģл
Ůû˵
ҶԹԵ˵ûҪͷôϣֲǽ͸¶ʲôܣ˵Ȼ⵽˶孵׷Ҳñ¶˰ɡȰ㻹ǹԹԻشЩ⣬û׼һܰ˵ء
Ů˷ӦתͷԹ޵ĿҶ쿴ȥ˵ƾղŵоѾûʸ㣬ԸҲϡİ


693 
ŮᶨӣҶЦЦѵŮô˵ʹشˣСǹһôôǹ˹ҵļࡣΪһعӦʱ̽λΪһ֮˽ڲˡ
Ҷôһ˵ŮӻЩˣʵҶ˵һҲûΪһعԶǷĩλġӦʱΪҶ׼ͬҲҪ߾ȫΪҶ
Ů侲˼֣ȻĬĬ··ñҶʵ㵽ʲôˣ
ֻҪ֪ҲˡҶЦʣĸҵع
ŮӰһ룬ԼѾ¶ǰһǲǶˣҲûıҪˣǱʵл
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ʵҲµˣл붫ĿǰľлعĿҲġ
Ļ붫季ŮӴһ˿ʵ
ĺˣôƯô㱻ЩץءҶ컵Ц˶٣ּĸԸĸҰѸղŵĻ꣬û׼Ϳ԰ߡ
Ůһ˿֮ɫˬĴӦϣ˵㻰˵ΪҪĻ˵أϾͷϻһЩҪϵôع
ô˵ǴӦˣҶȷϡ
ŮƲԴû˵Ĭˡ
Ҷֵֻôϣ͸ƵģҲûʲô顣
Ůһҧոմ·ǺɫҲˣֻѩԲСӻֵչҶǰ
˰ɣŮʵ
Ҷĵ˵ͷ˵ǸȤŮˣ㲻㳤ôƯҪΣյĻأҸʯٻ󲻾͵ˡ
ûһöŮҶݺݰһۡ
ҶƵôƫ뷨أòܵʲô̼˰ɣ类ƭʲôġ
Ůû˵
Ҷ̾˿˰ˣ㿪ЦأϽ·ϰɣҪȻһðѳֲסˡ˵δŮǰ˳򣬾мͣҲֻǿţϾǰԵǴлͬɱ
㲻ҪĵЦŮҶݺݵһְۣ·˻ȥ
ֻСͷͦɰģֻϧûҪȻӦúϸӰҶ컵Ц
Ů΢΢죬˿̣ǰһѾ
ʲôأҶʵ
ŮûûҪ֪
عǲģϹһҾ͵£ȻҪϲҽŮҲûġҶЦ
ΡŮӻص
ΡҶһ飬˵ͷ˵ϲΣҾͽκˡ
Һξˣеôȣ˵Ҿöġκ
Ҷ˰ѺðɺðɣҾͽúˡ
ҿû˵ôᡣ˵
ĺˣҴô꣬ҲġҶЦ
γ˰ֺۣƤǵһμԷЩ߰ģתƻ⣬ʵô죿
ȻȥһٴͣȻؾƵ˯һˣ뱧˯ҲġҶƤЦ
Աô𣡡βõ
ѵ㻹ϲɽҰҹŶ֪ˣҴҰսǰɣ⵹ǲҶЦŵͷ
㣡κݺݵҶ죬һѾû뷨ˡ
ˣҵˣϽϽ߰ɡҶ˵
ҪȥЩġ
Ҷʼ粻ΪȻڣʲô
ԥƬ̣λǷתͷɽ¿ȥȻǰһ￴һɵӣôͦɿģΪһعж൱ġ
·ϣκҶʵлߣǺ޵ߣֻǶ孵ߣ
ҶԲ죬֪Ļ治ٰ
鱨ռ˲ⷽϣ֪쳣ߺѪ¡˵
Ҷ˵ͷʵձĿʲôأ
һ𣿡λʵ
Ҷüͷһڲ˵Ҳ˵ġ
㻹ûشҸղŵ⡣ֵ
Ҷشʵ˵治ûش𣬲ұϻлߡ
νŽɵʵʲô
ҶһתЦҪĿģҾ͸ҵĿġ
ߣ˵㣬˭ϡ֪κߺߵ
ҶƲƲ죬˵ðɣҳԿȸˣʵ季ǱŷǳҪʹɹغҴлҫͬʱҲлͬ룬νصԶ
˵˰죬ʲôأЩͷ
ٺ٣ЦҵǣݾŮҶЦ
вá
Ҷ캹գãǰҴлͬˡ
ߵ˵ûһö
Ůһǿķǵģ˵˲ǺöʵﻹǺܿõ˺ǻ˵ûɣҶЦʵ
㰮ôôɡҲø磬˵ţͻȻһɲȻ󽫳·ͣǰо졣
Ҷ͸粣ǰȥȻ·ͣһһ·ĳŲ顣
ҿǵͷ·ɡ˵ű׼תҶȴãȥ˱ǡ
˵ţҶ㿪³
ֻҶ³ӰһΣһӰȰǰЩȥǰһƬѪѾ̱ڵأǶ֪Լôġ
ξƬ̣ܿ췴Ӧæǰȥ
ʻŲؿʻƬ̣Ҷǰ·ߵȴοǰҶǰͣ
Ҷ쿪˳
γȥ쳣ӡ
ôĿңҿǻẦߵġҶ
æջĿ⣬ҵţǰȥ
ʻƬ̣ʵѵ֮˶𣿡
ҶЦЦ˵֮˿ɲʲôΪɱѲɻΪǿ壿
Ȼӵ㳬ǾӦöΪסν
նɱܣΪ𣿡Ҷ
ɱЩƽʲôã孵ߺ̲ġη
ôҸոƵģѵлɱĶǶߺ̣Ҷ첻
ҲֻǷ֮սֺ֮αǣɼԼĹ۵㡣
ҶƵΪЩ£ɱЩ컹Ϊ˷ͨУѲ㻹Էչƽ̸УǷ뿪
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룬Ӧҿ͸¶һЩϢһ·ѾŶԷлߣЩҲûʲô˵ġ
Ȼô˵ˣҸҲ޷ιҪĿģɽһЩ飬˳ȡ孵Ҷʵ˵
ĪǹЩκʵ
ûҶӦ
ѵʲôߣ׷ʵ
Ҷشǲʲô⣬͵˵¡
Щ̵ĵ̣Ȱ㻹ŵΪáѵ
ôҵ𣿡ҶЦʵ
̫ˣֻǲٿлͬڶ˵
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ζ˶٣˵εǰе鶫孵Ļ
飿Ҷۣһοȥ
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ĪоһЩĵʵңҶʵ
ˣ֪孴˴εĵо֮⣬ҪĻǽʵ顣ص˵
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ôһʣҶ쵹˵ִǸŮʶָöָͷ˵
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ǶˣҶһ
ǻܱΪˣֻĳֻҩ߷ڵĳЩǱʣӵгԽ˵ȻȵҪǱ;߱Ǳܡν͵
ԭˡҶͷ׹
ּ˵ضνʵĿҲΪƳҩ쳬ߺܿھ·棬˵Ļû׼ս
˼Ƕ孻гưҰģҶʵ
λشҲ˵ư磬Ҫưޡ
֪ǵĵʵںδֱȥ˱ǡҶԾԾԵ
µķλѾ鵽ƾһ֮Ҫݻ٣ûô򵥡˵
һ㣬ҶҲûҿʲôڣϾƼǲСģ쾳ԲǿҲܵסԴӵĹҶŷپǿ߿϶ǿģȻپǿߵѾﵽضĵزǾȻԴӵܱġ
㲻ܴݻ٣Ҳ졣Ҷ˵
û˵ʲôǡ
ʱѾʻʻƬ̣ʵȥģ
Ҷ룬˵ܿͻᱻϣԾ춪˰ɡ
ǣα㽫ӿһƫƧĽֵͣ·ߡ
˳½ΧΧס˴䣬װ絹Ҳɡ
ǰĺΣҶ̲סЦ㻹Ǵʲôʲô֮ǰڻŷ¿Ůˣװ崿СŮȻ·Ϲʱˡ
ηȻ̧ҶȥҶһܵ󣬾ֱͬʱӴյһþһٺϣʱ˵㡣
ɿ֣ȵ
Ҷʵɿ֣ЦʵиԵŮˣһǱȽϲġ
˸ۣ󲽳ǰȥҶϣԹԵ˵ķɻϣҾѾ˴˴еļƻԭһûʲô˼˺õļ룬Ǿٺòˡ
ҿû档û˵
ҶЦνݽֻкİϢʱ䣬ŸЧʡ
ҪҲһ档μǰȥ
ҶҲӿŲϣȺҵĻƻ󣬾Ͳô˵ˡ
Ҳλص
Ҷ첻ΪԲֹ˵ԭҴԹ֮ȥիһȦҲ֪իǴҵģο͵ľۼأҶŮο͡ԸŮķˣõĻܴڨһλŮҲͲįˡ
ȥȥɣû㡣ڵ
ҶٺһЦ˵ֻ֮ǰжƻ˺ãȻòȥիˡҴһܰĳһͣ͹Ҹʵķ䣬һЩĽĻǺұҹ̸Ҳġ
˵ûУͣ½Ųͷʵ
Ҷ಻˵Ҳֻ˵˽ļƻнҲѾ˳ʵİšһ磬ҴȥƬֳʵؿһӦúܺ棬孵˳־ôɰƬЩΪʲôܹͦôðɣʵĻģۼʶ֮󣬾֪ˡ
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˿ּǰȥ˼ʱֲ֪ҪȥֻҶʵιȥأ
ҶָָԼͣҡҡͷζʱЦá
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˵ĵûµʱ㻹ûҵ֤ݣѾһغˡҶЦ
βҿû˵ôãôҲһع
ȻԼô֮ǰôǱȥռ֤أҶʵ
ֱ׳ر粵֮ǰǲݾ߶ѡ
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üͷݺҶһۣûлӦ
ҶٺһЦʣʵҵʲôطأ
λϲɽ֮Сλش
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Ҷüͷ˵Ҫû㱾£ҸȥЩȡ𣿡
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ҶǰӺԣС˵ʵʱһϣԼҲòŹ˼ô࣬ʲôʲô˵䣬˫Ѿ˺εŮ塣
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ҶԼ椱ʮţûа²ǰŮ˵ķġΪһعȻųǿ־Ҫ飬ٵе㸶СȻҶ˵ֻΪǲѣҲͬŮ˶顣
ҹҶ콫ԪԾѧϰ޵֮ԪǱ̾
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գԪֹͣ˴̾ǸԾѧϰ޵֮Ծ˵ѧϰ޵һʱ֮һʮĻ۹̡£ҶֻǴŽ׶Σ˵Ѿ㹻ˣΪѧϰ޵ֻ֮Ϊ
ҶЩ޵󣬲ԾҲʽʼֽ
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Ǹ֪ҪνշأҶʵ
ԾشֻҪʹӦĵɽշ洢
Ҷǲʵϵܣʲôأ
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ô˵Ҳ޵ߵںϵˣҶ׷ʵ
Ծͷû֮ǿΪ޵ߵںΪһ͸˵һʹǿ󡣡
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ȻҲ֪߷βģ״̬ȷʵΪơǴһЩ߷ֻ֮ǸϣںСԾ
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ַʽǷУʱ޷϶Կ϶ǣ߷ܳɹƳ񣬽ޱǿ󡣡Ծ˵
Ծ˵ҶĸԪܹƳĻǱζͬʱӵзȻǿޱȡ
ɲУһԱ֪Ҷ˵ʣƷҪأ
Ծشû޵ģȻԽԽˣȻʵ꣬ҪȻٶҲûá
ǵ˶أҶʵ
ҵûϸӦϰ֮ɡԾЦŻش
Ҷһɣϰ٣ѵ쾳ǿߣ
Ծͷɡ
һҲ̫ĺ˰ɣҶ쿴ƵĿŲԾ
ԾǺһЦ͵ΪڽңսҲлռô쾳ǿߵꡣ
Ҷ컳ɵҿ붼Ǳɱġ
ɱĶҲֻаɡԾ
ҲʮˣһذҶҡͷ̾Ϣ
Ǻǣ˴˱˴ˣҿҶСҲʲôöԾ˵ⷬʱϻۣͯ޺ĺЦݡ
Ҷʼ˵νۣȺ֣һҲӡ֤
ЦҶСԼǣҲø̸Ǹ˵ܳΪ꽻
ҶĨ˰Ѻɻˣ㲻˵ΪѾﵽ㻹ôɱأ
ҵķ̤֮ǰɣΪﵽ󾳵ʱҲ֣ضԾп
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ôأҶЩɡ
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696 
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Ծ˵֮ǰ˵ƵҪõķֽԣռֽ
뿪֮ǰѾҺЩͷҪ˴ֽԼõķʺͷīòˡҶϵõֽ뿪ǰǰ׼
ǾòˣⴢҲеȼֵ֮ģҪ洢쾳ǿߵ꣬Ҫʹ߼Ĵҽ߼ĻƷ˵ŲԾ̧ʾ
ʵͼЩƣ̺İ壬Ҷ첢ֻ֪«ưֻҪþͳˡ
Ծѧϰ˼飬סҶݳԸϰ
Ϊ˲˷ѷֽδ÷ֽϰֽͱʣһظЩģȽЩĻȻʽ÷ֽơ
Ҷ۾ϰŵʱ򣬺δ˯´ӷ˳
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Դ룬૵⵹Ҳǡţֺʵ˵ֽ绹֣֮ڽ絽أ
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ĺ˴Ƽңֻ˯ѡҶһ˵ţһ߽ϵһԣţֽԿ׶˺Σ˵ɣ·鷳Һóֽ
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ִѾʮ㣬Ϊͻûԣ˸Ҳǰ緹
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еϲشȥɽӰֲ࣬ͣҲλƬɽ֮С
񹬾Զ֪ĵʵȴλɽҵǣгֱӴԽƬɽĹ·òŰɽˮ
ѵɽ·ʻ˴Сʱ󣬺ڰɽͣ˳ָһҶ˵ʵҴžǸλ
Ҷ˳źָķȥ۵ľȺɽ룬۲Ƭ̺ʵƬɽжأ
룬ش200ƽɡ
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Ҷ˵ͷȻ˳Ҳ³ֱӷ·ߵˣ˳ƽɽɽȥ
ΪƬסƽʱҲڣɽﲢȷ·ߣɽϳľ൱ѡ
ҶǰͷɢһѰǰ·ߣһž׵նǽں󷽡
˷ɽԽ룬Сʱɽҵ˺˵ǵٲ
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697 
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һӸܵҶԣǰǵٲȥɵʵô֪ٲ֮У
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θϽɿ֣ȭͷҪҶȥȻȭͷ£ҶѾʩչһڿԾ
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£ɽҲҲһ󶴡ŵһһ׳ͨͨͷһ·ڣ·ڹ
Ŵݻ٣ǰͨˡཡľͬʱɫľơ
Ҷɢһɨǰ·ϣвֳֻǹȫװľԱ·ڼ
Ҷ׼ָףЩ嵽·ڵʱ
¡
£ǰ·ڼȥЩԱм䱬ѿ
䣡
񱩵âͨĴɽһҡΣܵʯǽһ죬ѿֵָѷ졣
һĻθϽѵ㻹ǱʹǿʽˣҪȻɽ̮ˡ
ҶҲʶһ㣬׵ͷ˵ȥɣҡ˵ű첽ͨȥ
ǰ·ڴըһ޿ӣѪܵģǲ֫⣬ʵġ
ȻʺͳǿǿǰѪһĻ̲סЩθҶӦѪȻ棬Щ˫ѾȾѪԣںٶɱһ
Ӿ̽ʵҾ϶һ㣬ͨ˴Ҷʵڸ㲻ңֻĳұͨȥ
δӵϼһѻδٵĻǹҶ󷽣Ѩȴû˿ţѵصع
ͨľƻ˸ţǡཡľʵ̶
תһ䣬ǰǹҶ̧ö룬׳
ᡭһ£Ǻʵװױ׻ǽ̱ڵء
ϻо֣ҶĺѵעǼǰתǴΪǰһǿڿ


698 
Ȼ޵ߴྶͥô˵ǵΪҲܹ׼ȷ̽ġȻǰڿȴ쳣죬Ҷ쾹޷þ̽Ϊ硣
ͷһȷе˵ǰҲƵΡ
ļǵãִϣǸŮֵʱһޱǿľţʹþ޷̽ʵǿ
ȻǰǸŮȫͬҶԿ϶һһߡ
Ҷδ߽֣ȻҴ⣬Ѿ׵ȡҲ׼˵ָס
λ֣߳󷽵ľһ׼Щתǳֵɲǣ۶ડһɨ䡣
Щ߳תǱ㱻˷ѣ󷽼˼״ûǰ壬׷׶ǽǺͷ
Ҷѵǽˡ
˵ţѾתǴ˳˿ֻǸʮˣݣ㲣ͺǼûԷû˯Ƶġ
ҶҲ߶ʮһֱӽ׼õĵָ׳ͷųȥ
¡էâԼٶȥ
Ҳ֪ûüӦǸû׹һվԭأ߻ؿڡ
ȻҶǣâײؿϣû˿ЧǱȫա
Ҷع̧֣Ĵ׵磬¡һһ͵ָһ޵âҶϮȥ
˵Ҷӵϵû׻׵£Ҳ޷ס̫ǿһâϮϽԪܣ׵âȥ
䣡âѣ绡ܼΧǽܵ绡Ϯһž죬һһĽۡ
ͨⵯָ׵ĹҶѾ֪˶ԷܣնֵΪá
һ㣬ҶͷʹȻһָĹܹգôһĹ˿õġ
˼Ƭ̣Ҷ۾һӰһ˲ǰ߾پ׵ݺ굱ͷȥδע˿Ԫƾ⵶潫Է롣
겢δԴӲ̧ұۣͷ
ᣡ
׵ǰϡ
ԭҶΪһԿ϶Էұۣɽȴһ󾪲һֱ۾͸ЩʬƤһֱȸְ廹ʵȻײ֮ʱδĽײ׵ĵȴ޷ֺ
֮⣬Ҷ㵵ǣ׵еԷұ۷š
ҶϽյˣ̧֣֮ȡһȭͷСɫ
ҶվȽŸѽҶֻû辪׵ӭ
䣡һ׵ƺҪ֮ǰĵָǿ󼸷֣ܵǽڶʵĿȫǡ
Ȼ׵ãҶʱѾӭ
ҶɲӴû׼ԪҲᱻӶȥ
㿪ĹƺҶĥŸôԸһȴһﾹȻź˹ȥ
ǽǺ󷽵ļڽȻûвΣȻҲ޲
ۿҪ嵽Ҷ첻˼Ľ˳
һ㻯ҶУҶʩչײȥ
ƺ˺󷽵ĿֲϢջϮεȭͷתٴұ۸ͷ
һ깥һ˵˵ͨ޷赲ģǴ˿̣Ǳұ۸Ӳĵ
Ҷ쾪֮ʱϵѱš
Ҷæյ˿Ǿ֣ƺ׼
Ȼû۵ģͻȻܵʲô̼ƵģԴ˻ҽţֻһƺҺ֮ʶЩҺƮصϡ
кͨһԵڵأ۾ɵùԲĿѾ͸
Ҷ쳤һջߵǰԴߣЦ֮ҲգǻòͷˡȻΪ֮ܵϮԲűеġ
˵ţֶӣץԪһ顣Ҷǣһ˾Щ֮⣬ط볣˲޲
ҶҲû̫࣬վǱ߿ȥŮзķֵӵȻֱӳ嵽תǣǽǵЩһɨɽҶ쿴úղѡķԵֵ쾳ǿߵĹƣһӵȻ޷ġ
ɱо󣬺ζǰӵҪþǹָӵ¼һѣȻ첽Ҷȥ
ߵǰҶ٩һΪǴƼңû뵽㾹ȻҲɱˡ
ɱǣֻǸѡεȻ˵˵ֳҶǸ꿴˿ʵոҿƺͦҵģѵһ̵٣
ʲô٣ߡҶش
ߣһ󾪲ѵ˵ѾɹƳҩ
ȻǻûйʹؼǺܳɣȷʵ൱ŵʬ壬ҶоǸпԼô꣬òײŴﵽ㾳硣ȻЩȴǽƾҩɻǿ
ҶüͷΪǣǱ˵Ȼ孹ѾоߣҿǻǱðˡ
ĿǰΪֹҶֻߣ߶ǿ⻹Щɻ䡣ԭҲгĴ㣬ϸ룬ǽղʵҵ٣պ孽ҩƳ죬ǿɾˡ
һȨ⣬ҶջǾ첻ðķգҲýʵҴݻ١
ȻѾˣĵҶᶨ˵
ǵɶԷ̵٣ߣƾһܶԸ𣿡
˵孵ҩѾﵽ׶Σǽղ˵شݻ٣պ¾ûлˡǵоûг죬Ǿ͸Ӧó罫Ƕɱҡ֮СҶ
룬ҲмֵΪһعѽ֮⣬ûȰҶ죬˵Ǿ;ΪɣҪʵڶԸˣҲǿԼӾӣòŹҡʵһ̤ȥֻҪôɹݻʵƽӳȥҪôڴˣͲڰ;
ҶһЦ˵Ҷûаյս㾡ܷһٶʮģⳡսֻһǾǿ顣УҶҲŮοôƯŮˣΪ㣬ˣҲվġ
ǻֲаЦǺεĻǱһ£Ϊܸо˵ⷬʱġ


699 
׹ݱһұһɽΪѾãŴ𣬲ԸּɣڴֵĸֽǶɽ±ϣ忴ʵޱȡ
쳣ĴɢһЩʯﻹż̨ĿʯĥۻЩѾ⼣߰ߣҸ˺Ļҳ
ڳŵ棬һʮƽ±ڣ±ми׶ߵĿ󶴣һƬƼΪӡ
ʱڵĿԶԶ⣬һֵͲƹһһε򶴿ڿٿ
ܿ죬һŮӴӿ˳ʫá
ܳ󶴺ʫùֵͲ򳧷ſȥ
ܳţһŷŮӴԶɽϿ첽ŮӳһͷɫĲ˾ͦ촽Ķˡ
ŮӣʫæϲõӭȥŮӸǰŮӵ֣ЦʵȣôȥôأڶһʱʫõӢˮƽѴﵽ˼˵һӢ
Цԭϸ¾ܻˣھӢʱѪ׷ٵ飬ֺڰ͢͸ŷޡ
ʫüǵô˵ڰ͢Ѿ鲼ˣ
ȵ˵ͷ˵߷õʮУлͶ֮⣬ҶٶѪټڰ͢ŵʮѸ١
Ƚ㣬߷ãʲôջأӦҵӵǱʵ˰ɣʫúʵ
ΪķΧʵޣҲֻ;֮дһ飬ЩջЯǼöָҲ෢ˡЩܵ˶ܹĻǵʵȻһΡһڴ˵
һţһųȥ
߽ţʫʵȽ㣬֮ǰȥǸˣм𣿡
˵Ѿص˽꣬ʱȥǸ˴ʱóԶˣûۼȻش
Ѿ𣿡ʫ쳣ӣ˼ǳĻǰˡ
ʫãҿͦϲģΪβȥأɻʵ
ʫҡҡͷһݵȣҲ֪ҺǲһġҲȥֻҪ֪һаãǾ͹ˡ
ʫõ֣οʫãҲû̫ѹˣҲҪ˶ãͻҵ취ġ
ʫȻ˵ͷ
ʫ䣬æתƻ⣬˵ʫãǰ;Улִֽٰᡣʱ⵽˶ǿߵ֣һλ˶ǿߡ
̫ˡʫڻӦЩ鲢̫Ȥ
ּ˵֪ʵ̫ˣӵŶǿҾҲԶԶԽ˳ˡɹǣ߱Ǳʣܾǡ
ʫõһЦ˲߽˿󶴡
ȻǵִϾҶǸŮӣʫиȥҵҲҶ졣
ʱǰ·ִᣬִϾҶ֮󣬱뿪᳡ֱǰִ꣬ｭ֮ʱҶȻڼС
Ƕ孵ʵҵش
ڴܵǽϹҺʾʱʾʾʵҵļػ档Щر鲼ʵÿ䣬ЩΪرٶֳһƬѩ㣬ЩĻʾһƬѪǼĻ档
һƬңʮѧҶϾǽǺͻ֮̿ɫĿⶼһʾϡʾϷֵһĻѪȵսǹսӰһ㣬ȻҶͺɱЩ
ǰĸ̨ϣһλɫ߿۾İ׷ͷһ־Ŷͷϵĺˮһ߽һλۣͷñͷ˵ٴˣʵ̫ǿƾЩ޷赲ǣҿЩ߳սС
˵İ׷ͷǴ˴ʵܸľԭλ񹬵һλĿ٣ԭ˾
ԭ˾Եʮ侲˫ֿǽϵĻƽ˵㲻˵Щߵû𣿡
ǰƽȣ㻹ûҲֻǿˣֻҪЩѾȶֳҪ˻Ӧòѡң˳㻹ԽЩߵľԭ
ԭ˾˼Ƭ̣ͷǾ˵İɣ˽սٳ֡
ǣľԭӦһȻ첽¸̨ȥ
νҶ죬ݺύ֮ͨпǰһ·ϣپĨɱ
תһ䣬ҶĽŲȻͣĿǰתǴͷҲصηԸ߹ˣ㾡ܱܿ
֪ˡӦһ˿
ܿ죬һӰһ֮³ǰתǴһӣ֮ǰǸһɫ쳣㲣ݾ̽⣬һٶȿס
ɲǣҶѸ̧ʩչָס
ȻӰһɱܿâĹ
䣡
âײתǴǽϣתǱըһӡ
Ҷüͷһ壬֮Ѿ˾׵ȻͻȻ·ۻء
Ҷʩչײ׷תǣɶԷһζܣҶ
Ҷͣ½Ųû׷ȥ
ܿδӺ󷽸Ҷǰڵһ¶ӣǸߡ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ԷѾȥˡ
ҿˡ
ţҶͷͬţҲûӣǳһ·ȥ
ʵͨ۸ӣŶʩ˽ƣ޷þ̽⵽ĵλá£ҶҲֻܱ۾ϹһͨҲýʵһȦɱ
شľԭʾڳһϼ޻飬ԭ˾˵ٴˣϵǲҸǸߣԸǸһͨս·ߣߵ·ͨսġ
ԭ˾˵ͷʵ߶ŵλ˰ɣ
ǵٴˣ߶ѾսԱߵİֻҪһսŷŹʱֻҪſϷˡľԭյЦ⡣
ţԭ˾˵ͷ
̨ڿѧҵĿⶼҶͺ˵ƶͣЩĻתšתʮĻǵĿⶼ䶨мǿĻϣĻʾսĻ档
߽ս֮ʱľԭţ
̨һλԱڿ̨ϰսȴŵĿأӼĻԿսǰȺʵĴѸٹ
Źľԭһ
ԱٴΰԱťսСţλߴڳ˳


700 
һһĴܲ͸磬ܵǽƺĳֺϽƳɣҺЩһĽơ
ҶɨһۣעתΧߡ
ŮᣬͬҲ㲡
һ̷ŮӣʮӣĺȦ͸èƵġ
λں󷽵һӣĸݣֱһ͡
һӣһң߰ʮγԱȡ
ҲǸŮӣĸٲͦΣһͷòȥ
Ȼ˶ߣֻҶһ֪ǵ˵ǵ֮ǰλһţƣǿɾͲöԸˡ
ɨһۺҶԵĺηԸȶȥ
ţԼСĵ㡣Ҷ춣һȻѸŴһȥ
߲ûΣȻǵĿҶ졣
ºҶһ˵ЦģûԷû˯ƵģŶĺûϵҵȭͷִӲǳԸġ
䣬ͻȻһߵʲôˣﵽкĿģ
Ҷ쳨ɤŻشȻô֪ҵĴҾΪѵĸɡСһǵСȮҶʦͷǣϸϣϰٶһ¾ҵˡ뿴ҶͽܵİƬԼ죬ͷҴ㡣
ߣֱһɺԣȻǽǾٻ뿪ˣɱһĸ߲Լͬж
ǰĶ̷Ů̧˫֣ĳϣͺʲôƵġȻĿտҲҶȴĸоɲֱͬĻۡ
Ǹ;֣ĳҶ죬֮Ҳǿ
Ӻ͸ŮӶ˫ʳָָ̫ѨĿҶ죬ڷӡ
˵̬Ҷ컹޷͸ǵܣܹжϳӦڴܣ˵Ŀǰ޷жϡ
ָӵ£ҶȻȽǰͶֽѸȡ׵ͬʱ˦һö̽Եǰλ̷Ůӻȥ
ӭϮ룬̷ŮƽվԭؼƺδĹ
Է򶨣Ҷʶͷܿľ쳣;֮ʱǰĿռͻȻŤһ£űƾʧΪҶ֮ӵžϵʧƬ̣ӦԶ֡
֮࣬ҶָϽʹǸϮȥɽһ;֮ʱǰռһŤǹĶݵǰԶ
Զ׼һֲݿռȻҶ컹ľԿ϶ǣԷĳпռתƣ˵ĻʩչԶ̹Ҳ޷Чˡ
ʶһ㣬Ҷ첻˼Ľ˻ȥ׵עԪʩչնǰĶ̷ŮϮȥ
ۿžҪ̷ŮӸǰȻǰռһŤҶֻԴһΣһԼȻֻصԭء
Ҷͷð亹ȻԷҲܴͣǾζԼжѾԷƣ˵ɲʲôͷ
ҶӺҲĸŮӳ˳ӵпռıȻеһˣ±취ҪȻⳡսûô
ҶüѰ˼֮ʣǰǸ̷Ů˫еѾ۳̬һƳɫ棬ȴһɭɭĺɴ˿Կ̷ŮͬʱӵŲٿˮ
֮ѾһСţ̺ޱǿͬʱҫ۵İ׹⣬޷ֱӡ
󷽼ҶϽתͣʱ׼ӭĹ
Ƭ̣ǸͽȻһֵָĹߣҶܿʶһ̺ſֲļ⡣⼤ǵǿ󣬶ӵŹٶȣҶӦѾҶǰԪϡ
ܵգԪܷһ󡰆ꡱ죬ҲǼţҶæ׵ᵲǰԪܵ˼Ĺ
׵âţϱ˫Ҳǿƽ
ģǸҲСľ⹥ǽˡ
ҶһþһɨվûǶ̷Ů˫еˮѾ۵˼СŻҽһŨܣеĺҲտɫˮǸ߶ŨȻס
ٿǰͣʩչһԽҲ˫һɰҶ쿴öͷð
ȻҶҪǶԸǸӵпռܵļһҪȻ޷ǰĽ֡
Ҷ׼˼Բ֮ʱüͷȻΪԼƺԽԽأͺǦһ㣬ɣܿҲĳЧ
ǰľԽȣҶͷһ˿˿ϸ
ԶĺζҲܿϵľ棬侲˼Ƭ̣Ͼǹ׼Ƕ̷Ůӱһɨ䡣
ડһӵŶ̷ŮӼȥ
ȻЩӵ䵽;ͻȻͷԭ·ء
˲䣬ҶѸʩչնǰϮȥɽ;ֶݻصԭء
Ҷüͷ𣬺ȻԷĿռǿͬʱݶλģĳٶܹϱײ˵ӵųǿĿռ֪ȻˣսҲ޼¡
شԭǲĿѧһǰսռϷ硣ǿҪ˶ãҶܡ
̨ϣľԭһ飬ЦǺǵԭ˾˵ٴˣЩߵĵսȻޣֻҪǾ޵С
ԭ˾˵ͷԼֵʵȷʵʮǿ󣬵о죬Ҵյ۹ҪưŷҲָտɴˡ
ԭ˾ĳޣľԭҲ͸ӽˣ϶Ц͵ٴԼǣҴʵ쵼֮£Ȼܹ۷磬ɨŷǡ˵ţֳ˳ǰĴĻһм˵СӿҲûôʵƾռߺˮˣԽˡ
ľԭЩΣԭ˾ѵڻǸ˵ʱЩǿϾʮƣʱܳ쳣
ľԭȴǲΪȻ˵ٴ˾ܷģߵѾԱȽȶȻǲų쳣ĿܣҪСӻǴ´ġ
ϣ˰ɡԭ˾Ȼ˵ʵмǵġȻֳռ˾ԵƣЩҪԴռߣռͻȻ쳣ƺܾܿͻ˲䷭ת


701 ս
սһƬžҶľɢ״̬۲Χ˵һһ
ǰǸ͵Ѿ⼤ҶѾֻ̹ӵҲΪ塣
ڣҶ쵣ǵĻǺǶ̷Ůӣ˿̵ľֹɽҶʧɫתȥֻŮڽеˮŻ£
Ī뽫ںϣҶһȻ䣬ľĸо
ںûгԹƸڶԸʱŽϵϵںϡɽںϹ̲Žеһ룬ѾķѴʧأ־˵ڶ¡
£̷ŮܽˮںϵĻСǱסˡ
ΣͷҶͻȻ뵽˷ٵٵɢĻϵǷɢڿ֮У˵ĻǿռӦû취Ӧġ
룬Ͻ׵Ȼ󽫷ٵȡ˳ɢ֮£лϵڿзɢҶʹ֮£ЩϵŶ̷ŮǰۣϢ۳һ׵
̷ŮӼȻӵвٿˮ˫ϵȻܹЩǰ۵Ļϵͻأֵ׵δԵ̫ȣɾ۾Ĳٿ˫еóλռ൱εġ
λռҲȷʵûйΣ׵۳͵ɲǣռһŤ׵ƾʧٳֵʱҶͷϿա
Ҷջ𣬽ɢûñɢ
ΧĿռŨĻϵҶʹ֮£ЩϵһԵŶ̷Ůӿȥգ֮䣬׵֡
Щ׵̷ŮӶֻкֻ֮࣬ҪǰֺԽС̶̺Ҷ˵ȴңԶ׵ո֣ûüѱתƵԶ
ʱ˿̣Ҷǭ¿ĸоʵ벻ʲô취ܹǰΣҪ״̬һֱȥǾӵҲˡ
̷ŮˮѾһཻ֮֮ɫתԵ쳣ȶ
ٿͣ˫е۳ȭͷС֮ǰһ
һҪӣҶϽתͬʱ׵ȡ˫ֵԷ⡣
Ҷø׼֮ʱҫ۰âļҶ˫
֮ǰǵҪ׳࣬ȻҲǿ󣬲Ҷľ׵ͷٵϵȵȻûôױ
Ҷ˫ãֱľҲûͻơ
ʵ͵ĹǺǿҲ쾳ǰڵˮ׼ûпռߵĸԤҶɽնɱ
ԼĹٴα£Ͳû٣ʼ
Ҷת̷ŮӿȥˮѾں˴룬ҶܹĲںϵĲɢżֲ
̷ŮӵΣ֮⣬˿̵״ҲǽҶнǡʱƣоԼأͺڳɱһ㡣ȥҪ˶ãԼ͵ñѹڵˡ
Ҷﴭ˴Ŀɨһۣӷɿת˼Ȧģէ֣һͷͽȻ˳
ȻЩߵȡ֮֮ߵӣҶţʩչܱȻĳ£ֻҪ취ǸռߵľҲͲˡ
뵽һ㣬Ҷ˫𣬽̧˫֣ʮö룬˫ֻʮöӲͬΧϮȥ
ӹɣ;㱻תƵطҶֲϮȥ
ҶϵĲϮˣǿռҲֻܲͣתơ
Ҷ˵ЩֻҪһЩˣǿռ˵ÿζתʮö룬⹤൱ġ
ʮغӵıѪˮȻǿռߡ˿̣΢΢ʮֳӡ
ҶƳһۣһ˿Цû˿ͣͣʮö벻ͣϮȥ
һĻشЩѧĵ֮ǰɪÿҪľԭʱۣȭͷԵøš
ԭ˾üͷҲ΢΢ĵվǷˡ
ľԭ˿ĭļٵ૵ټһᣬֻҪټһˡĿעŶ̷ŮżںϵˮţֻҪںɣ㲻ܽԷУҲԽð
ѧҲľԭһ뷨Ƕ̷ŮѾΨһϣ
ҶѾ̷ŮǼһ̣Ҳͬļһ߲ٿö룬һȡٵͣɢ
ӱѪ磬ҧǿţǵµĻǿɾǰˡ
ڳ˵ʱһһ붼˻¹˭ֻδ֪
شһƬž˶۾һգգĶŴĻ
֮ľԭϽЦ⣬Ǽ૵ˣϾˡ
˵̷ŮˮżѾںһ壬ںϹҲӽβ
ҶüͷȻ𣬾ǿ֮ĩվһġ¶̷Ůʱܷƣٲʩչܸӣջǵñںը
ݳɣҶѸٽջأٻ֮ǰɢȥлϵ۳һʵ׶ܡ׶޷ȫںĹƣҲܵ䲿
˵עĿ֮£̷ŮӲĽǿȭͷСתҶ˹ȥ
ڶ̷Ů׳ɲǣٶʩչռܣԼ˶תƵԶ
תƺ̱ٵأɫ԰ףѪһҪӡ
̱ڵأҶȻԹվŵϮʩչײųصյıܿĹ
ۿΣѾҶ컹ûüȴ̱ڵϵҧأ˫ʳָ̫ѨϣҪʩչܡ
һĻҶʱʶûüӦ֮ǰѾܿںǰƾն֡
䣡
ɲǼսҲΧҶǲ׶һ֮³ױ׶ܵıʣ˳ϮҶԪܡ
Ԫ͵һҶʯ㵹ɳȥײǽϡ
ᣡ
ԪӦڳɱ£ҶصڵأһѪ
ҶҲʣĶƬ̳ɣϽĻǹɻǹǹͻȻޱȳأһʱûȣڵء
ʩչһܺȥҶҲòȥ
ȻղǴαը׶ܺԪֵܵ廹ܵ˲СĳټܵӰ죬ʱ״̬Ѿֹۡ


702 
Ҷ̱ڵϴŴڻиʱ򣬶Էʣʱܷ𹥻ûԪܱ£κιпܶ˺
˼ž׵Ӽѵվ
Ҷ϶¶˿ֻ֮ɫ£ûǿռܵĸ˾ԵЩһˡ
ŬͼҶ֮ǰʽ׼ɣŮǰ̫Ѩü΢΢𣬿Щǿӡ̷ŮӣѾֵ˵ǽ£ʽʱ̫Ѿûʱ׼ڶ
ҶĿһһɨǸŮӡȻŮӵŲٿܣǲ콫УҪ˶ã͵վվˡ
ԭҶǴٻԸˣɽǣԼ·Ǳһ㣬޷ݳҶܿʶܿϵйء
Ȼ޷ٻҲֻԳˣҶѸ׵עԪնʩչ
£Ҷ۵糸ĳŮӣɾҪ嵽ŮӸǰ֮ʱŮҧأ͵һҶӻȻһָо̩ɽѹһ㣬Ҳ϶ǳص䡱һԵڵأӲʯ汻ӲѹһƬѺۡ
Ҷ쵹µͬʱŮҲһӣҲֻǿ֮ĩˡ
һĻشĹʦǶ˿һһէĿɽǾ겻
£ҶѾãǸ͵Ĺܿͽ׼ɣֻҪһ֣ⳡϷҲͽˡ
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ƺѾûκܿ۳ͣǣ׼֮ʱһડǹͻأӵ˲塣
ӵɵùԲ˸£ɢһգͨһԵڵأһغ
ش˶һû뵽ڹϾȻĲӡ
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ԷѾľӣθϽǹŮӳȥ
ŮӼŬҪɶ㡣ܿ죬Ѿ嵽ǰһ˦ϣߵĵס׳һСıģƺһȥ
תͷԶǽµĶ̷Ůӿȥ̷Ů˫֣ڻۣεĿ⣬˫΢΢
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شһļžڿѧɫ裬ʼδġ
žƬ̣ľԭԭ˾ʵٴˣ֣ڸǺã
ԭ˾˵ô죬Ͻʵս
ԭ˾Ļľԭ̨ڹʦһ󾪲
ľԭ㶣ѵٴˣʵĿǰֻǰƷûȹ̣»˳ս
ԭ˾ľԭȥʵ˳սѵȥս𣿡
ľԭһ˿ĭδӦңȥʵս˵ţҴ̨첽ſȥ
ľԭߺ󣬴ϸڿѧƺҲ
ԭ˾δ˵ۣݺݶĻǸӰĿޱȡ
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ʶһ㣬Ҷ첻˼Ľٻ
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أ
Ԫ͵һҶ챻ǰûվȽŸֹȰǰͷһȭͷ˳ƺԪϡ
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ǣȴֳϣʩչײӶݵ;Уֱ·
أ
ػ֮£Ҷ쵹ɳȥ
⼸غǱڵùǺˣֻǵӵгǿķ;˵ٶȶ˿ֲ
ȻＯ˶ܣҲ˵Ƿܣǰ֣ҶѾмˡ


703 
ȻٶϲԷҶҲûٶɿȥ
ϴδһѪɵ֮ѱȫֻѪܱõĲʮޣĿǰʵֻ˲ڵӡ
Լﾶֱ˦ֳȥ
أ
һȭͷײԵ˼ƾеӡ
վƺչƣȥҪǽס
ս֮ʣҶʩչײԶԶܿȻֽ̧ӡ׼ָָܷЧܵһԡ
ƾУߵٶҲǲಮ٣ԽҲûܾ¡
ܿ죬Ҷָ׼ɣɵĽʩչ
âһ֮»йָͼ˳ƶϣϢӡڹϡ
ͼڹӿ﷢ʹӣָٻЩõġ
ڴʱǰȭͷؿڻȥ
أ
ؿڱըһڴĿīɫѪҺӿ
໣
ʹһˣͬʱ˿ۿɼٶѸϣ̶Ƭ֮䣬Ȭ
ʤ׷ȹվȣĵڶȭѾϡ
һĹδ̫ЧֻǵδܵʵԵƣȻָļЧѾˡ
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ʱѾǰﾹһӳȭͷ
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Щһɢںһ壬ȻճΣǰǻһȭҲٴα÷顣
Զ׼ͬʱٶҲһΣ̶ֳȵĶѾԶԶҶļޡ
شľԭ»ָɫȵߵԭ˾˵ٴˣʵĿǰֻǰƷѾʵˣ֮󣬿Ը׹Щˡ
ԭ˾ͬʵսȷʵ൱ɹۣܹؽΪͱ֡
ľԭƼвЦٴ˾ܷģʵ֮Ҳֻʱѡʱ򣬱˵ͳŷǣͳҲָտɴ
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ţ˵ע¼Ļϡ
ڹ£ڽڰˣѾûлֵءҶվһԸ岻֣ΪѾϹٶȡ
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ԾȻصҶСѣͷȡʩߵʵĿǰΪζԸ˰ǿߡ
㲻Ǵ˵ضǿ𣿺ôҲ취ϸڿһߣҪˣɾ޼ҿɹˡҶ콹
ԾǺЦҶС̧̫ˣлоŻúᵱ£ЩȥĻԻͲҲա
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ҶСѶô˵ˣҲ͸ӰﲻˡԾ˵
ҶҲָһԭ׻ʩչףϸһ룬ռޣһʩչףؽըʱ򣬺ŮǱɵġ
ʶһ㣬ҶҲֻܷʩչ׵Ĵ㣬£֮⣬ʵ벻ܹԸֻİ취
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ĿתҶ죬λһӰת˲֮ѶҶǰ
أ
׹ҶԪ̼˾һ㵹ɳȥǽš
һĻԶĺǽǲѣΣﲻκæֻܴһԸż
ҶվѾǰһסĲӣ
һ̣ҶоԼĲӶҪšˣţôҲ޷ѹĴ֡
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ܿƲҶȥ
ʱҶĸйٶѾһȫµľ磬ܹĿΡڹ嵽ǰȭϮ֮ʱҶѸٽȫ֮ȭ֮ϣ͵ӭȭͷ
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ﲻϵչֳµҶ첻üͷȻڵʮǿ󣬵ѾԼı״̬ڽȥȻ״ֻ̬ʱԵġ
ɱŭһҶ챼ȥǣ嵽;֮ʱͻȻ񶹸Ƶ̱ȥǻһ̲īɫѪˮһء
شľԭۣ죬۰Ͱ͵ĿһĻֻʵķѪ¾Ȼһ̲ѪˮܲʹġȻ˵ЩʵݶţҪһֻʵ壬Ҳúķʮʱ䡣


704 ǽ
ľԭʹļ֮ʱԭ˾ȵŸϽսĹǽ
ľԭʱӦڿɲʹϧʵʱһԷɱشԼСɾͲˡ
ʶһ㣬Ͻ̨ºѹǽȻǽûоƣĿǰĳ̶ԵֵһĹ
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սҶı״̬ѾΧǰ׹ҫǽڣüͷܹĲЩ׹̺żǿĻȻʮ־ˡ
ԶĺѾǿҵĹߴ̼ۡ
״̬Ƭ̣ǽϵĹ߽ͣ۾ѸܵҶǰ˽Ĺ۲Ŵ״
ʱǸͷڴСӣʵǿҲӳǽǾ͵ɡ
ǽβľ
Ҷʵǽʲô
𾪵ĿΧǷǽڣصĽ͵ǽĿǰѧŵĻ⣬ӵߵ㹻ǿγκζҲ޷ǽôϽûκһܹƻĹǽ
ôҶ쾪ɵ
ȷʵˣĿǰûĸƳǽʵҲ˵
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Ҷüͷǵô˵Щ孹ѾɹƳǽˣ
ҡҡͷ˵ǹǽҲӦú֮ǰǸһδƳ죬ҪȻ孵۹͹ҫоɹˡ罫ɹʵսϾĿǰоκιҶһƳɹҲͿԾս
ҶͷԺεĹ۵ʾֿͬǽǲĻüνĹǽ̺żǿ㻹ûƳ죬Ҳ߰˳ɵĻˡ
˵ţΧǽͻȻİ񣬴ǹЩ֮̽
һĻɫǴ䡣
һ̣ӳǹʱ˷ӵ㼤˵ķϣһġᡱ졣
ڸô죿νʵ
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ʮָ֮£âָէ֣Ƭָ̣׼ɡ
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Ҷ⸱飬ҲüͷʵѵͻƲ𣿡
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Ҷ룬˵ڻٵʱ취
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˵ղ£ұһǽסˣþ취ͻƲСҶ켱
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ӣϽ˵Ҷ콹
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Ҷ񺹲ѣֻǰƽȣѾûʱپЩǵϽ󷨣תڸҰɡ
ԾҲûن£дڸҶ졣


705 
Ծ˵νȷʵֻһʮּ򵥵ĹҶⷭ˼飬ѾתʵҲӣټҶ޵֮Ѿһ˽⣬û̫ʱҲͲˡ
ڻǹĳɨ£ҶԪЩķȥѾֲ˶á
ʽ֮Ҷ쳯οȥһֱŵĿҶ죬һԷԼʵô뵽취𣿡
ҶЦ˵취УֻҪϡ
ҪϣһʵҪôأ
ܼ򵥣ҪϽҶֻ͡
ҲûӦȻû⣬Ҫپȥǡ
ûҶ׷ʵ
δߴٵʱˣһʲôͱĥˣϽɡ
Ȼöô˵ˣҿɾ͵ˡԱϣҶ˫Ѹ̽ƫеץס˺ε˫ء
αҶͻأľֹˣ˰ΣȻ̧ҶϺݺȥ
ž
İǹЩǹԭҶʵȫɱܿһơΣ󷨻֮УȻ޷жϡ
ʲôʱˣ㾹Ȼ˼޿ɾҩˣŭ˵ţҪҶ˫֣ȴԼ˫ؾǱ̸סһ㣬¾Ȼûѣŭ㻹֡
ҶһǻһʹһĴУƵ˵˵㣬ոտôģôҧһˣ
ɱ˵˵нô𣿡ηȻʵ
ҪϽȡͱλգѲ㻹Ҵ·Ƭʪ𣿡ҶаЦ
㣡ڴֻɵֻΪȡ
ǵȻȻҺϡͷΣʱ̳㶹𣿡ҶƵ
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ʶ̧žҪҶȥҶƺϵһ磬æвڿڷҪǱǿжϵĻһԪˣͷҲܻбըΣա
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εƵҪǽӣҶϽЦٺ٣ʵҵ˼ǣҪûĻǾûʩչˡ
ұĳ죡ŭȵ
ãұ졣ҶͷȻͱͲ˵
Ƭ̣Ҷںεֻͷ
ü߳ʵﻹأ
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ߣΪҲֻ֪ûռұ˶ѡκĽҴҶĿ
֪ˣﻹҪ˵أӣźƤĸءҶ
˰ۣߺߵ˰ɣźƤǸڻ𳵹Ҳѹá
Ҳ̧̫ˣʵҵƤǺܱģƽʱһŮҶẦ졣źõͷͷֻС¹ڡءײҪȣҺ޲˺õѣȻһЩ˵¡ҶƤЦ˵
Ѿû뷨ҲٸϹƲԴᡣ
ʱĲԾ˵ҶСѣյѾ㹻תˡ
Ҷ˵û뵽޵ĵȻصвٻƻŮ˫ָˡ
ԾǺһЦʵĪҶСǴӶԷƬʪģ
ҶôˣֻúʿķʽӶԷֻͷ
ԾͻȻЦҶСѹȻո˵ֻǣ֮ǰҺǼǴˣʵ׹ֻҪӴŮӵͿҪЩλá
ҿһǴҪݺӰɣӰһƣʹءҶյ
ҶСѣǵ˱˻ԣҪûҵռЩ˵㻹øлҲǡԾ
лãӳŮ˵Ķʱأ£õҶĵ
ԾЦôãֵ˵᲻ɿء
ǵȻƶѾˣЩǳԿˡҶȻ˵
Ծ̾
ˣϻˣڿһء˵ţҶ㲻˷ʱ䣬ѸٽִӺؿ˻Цͷ´󣬻ܹڡ
´ˡҶݺݵһۡ
ܰѻ˵ôأνԴãŲҲ˷ѡ˵Щڻͷ谭ͷɳһͷĸö֮ͻͷ´ӰۡÿһʱҿһΣĽ츣࣬ٽг˴£ֶΪأҶһ˵
С첻ˣ㻹˼˵Щϻѡ
ҶٺһЦ˵۾ӳȻ˵ɡ
ԱϣϽָ̧֣ʣΪīǰлġ
Ƭ֮һȼźתѱĻƳɵ̧һģݷɶ̼ײ˹Ļϡ
תǵδͼһɣȼҸͷҲڽɳͺһֻѪˮһ㡣
תĳɳǽĹâ֮Ծ˵˷תǽϵĴ֮תΪ֮Щ֮ת֮תЧҲ͸ˡ
شǱ̨ѧҾŵĽкˣǽڼ½½ٶԽԽ죬άֲ˶ˡ
ǸոиȥٴνĻǽĹǽǵɫԽԽѿ˵ǽѾһߣ߶Сѱˡ
⣬ôܣǽôܻᱻơľԭ촽ͣţ֮о֮ɫ޷ţųƿԵֵκιķǽȻᱻ׾ٵĻ
ԭ˾һεϽɣȻѾչһǳ˳֮Ҳͱˡ
ľԭЩ豸Щʵô죿
ҪǲߣǾµɡԭ˾˵תֱȥ
ѧҲ׷վȿֺſӿȥ
ľԭͨһڵأﾡǾ֮ɫЩоɹɺķѪ


706 ݻ
ת͹£ǽڽڰˣûñ㡰ᡱһױ
ǹڼɨ䣬ҶѸȡ׵ʩչײǰȴϮȥ
䣡
£ʵĴűըһ
Σӹһ٣Ҷ쳤һڴţɢһɨһһͨӿȥ
ѲЩܣҶţѴӺæͷԸҡ˵ű㾶ֱǰܵ׷ȥ
ת䣬Ҷܿ׷ЩĿѧǣЩùļһʵ⵽Ҷɱԭ˾Ѿ֮زز
ɱ˸ҶֻȥϺΣһشѰȥ
һ·Ųǽûʲô谭ûã˱ҵش
ЩѧǴҴش豸ûйرգľԭԾɹڵϣĿͣľګȫûҶͺΡ
Ҷ嵽ľԭǰһѾ죬Ӳǽӵ
ĸˣҶʵ
ľԭûκηӦ˵Ƶģһɥ;
һʬƵģҶҲֽͷ˵Ҫ֤ӦöˣϽռɡ
ЩӰ˵豸ɨһۣЩðô豸Ҫ֤ݿ²ס
Ҷָָϵľԭ˵ϼһһĸˣӦ֪Щʵ֮ҪϴģԼ취˿죬ȥʵɨһ飬Щˡ
ðɡڴӦ
ǣҶ뿪شʵչȫλĴɨ
ȴŵʱ򣬾ķ֣ھһʮֿļᣬסŽٸˣŮ٣ҵ˶С
ʱЩ˶һֲĿŽҶ졣㲣ݣлٶ̺һЩһǶ孴ӸѰӵǱʵˣǱѧǵСʵ顣
Щ޹ˣҶݶĴޡ
ǶѾˡҶ˵һȻת߳䣬һűȥ
һĳͬҶ𾪲ѣһ糧һޱȿĴһߴ͸ĲͰвͰﶼʢǳɫҺҺŻӵιЩСֻӤһС׶ߣ̬죬жͷǵģҲ帲Ƭģ˲һ㡣
ЩҶһʱ뵽֮ǰԼڴսֻȻǶƳˣǰЩȫƳĻǱؽһ֧൱µĲӡ
ԭҶһֱΪ֮ڼڷ֮ϵĴڣ˽ľ֮Ȼ֣ƼҲǲСġ
Ҷ첢δȥƻЩľͰҲúιȡ֤
뿪ҶֽŶ෿ɨɱ˴ʵϺصش
شһ̨豸ǰɼ֤ݣҶǰȥʵôǼһй˰ɣ
඼ˡӦ
Ҷ쳯͵ľԭһۣЦ޵ҿϼһҪģ㾹ڣеͰ
Ҫ㱾¶ûһôعأûĻص
ҶٺһЦʵòʩչ˼ưɣ
ŤͷҶ췭˸ۣûд
ҶԹԵ˵˵ҲǣЩԭǸɫĻ壬ǴǸɧֳôƯʩչ˼ƾϲߡ
˵ûУתͷͷغʵ
ҶͷӦ˵ˡ
Ǿͱĳ졣Ҷݺݵ˵ۡ
ãʵҵĳһҲšҶ죬δȥ
̧ҪҶȥȴҶץ˸ţòǴ˰ɣ֮ǰǰƣڶʹء
ãκߺߵֺǵɿ֣
ҵҲõͷѣôأҶץε֣Ųǰһ£޵õϸϴֲڵȻûñȡ
㲻ǰɣ˵ġ
ԷҪ쭵ӣҶҲ͹Թɿ֡
һߣתͷɼ֤ݡ
ɼǰ̨豸ݺֳһ̨豸ȥҶʵطûзʲô
˲ٺöȥ㿪ۼҶ˵
ÿҲ֪һһЩʵɡβ²
ҶǺЦõͦղȷʵ˲˵ʵ壬һӱʵƷߡ
ƺԤϣδԵ̫Ծ
Ҷʵϼһõ֤ݣҪҪһأ
ڻصôһˣǻô붫孡
Ҷͷ˵ҲǣȻߣҿɾͰˡ
㡣Ӧ
ҶһӣľԭԴ˼ңѪһء
βɼ豸ϵݺִһֻ΢شһ顣
һкҶԸЩ豸ȫݻٰɡ
ǣС㡣ҶӦһȡ׵ڴһɨ׵ǿ񱩵Խ豸ЩӲջ١
һк˱뿪شǰЩʵߵᡣ
ЩʵԾɾۼûȥ
Ҷź߽ᣬЩ㲵ףҲüͷҲҶһּĹ
ţǰȥЩʵοһѯһЩйʵ֮£ҶǸ¼
¼ƺ˴Щʵ뿪ᣬǼ˵Ĵ
ȻϵЩˣۿǰһĻʱλ̲ס𾪡
¼һУÿһʵ嶼ȫλд
ȡ֤ݺҶȡ׵ݻʵ塣
ˣ˴εжԲûپʵ뿪ʵҡ
ɫһƬڡ
һʿռ䣬ͷЩʵ˵ˣҲֻܴߵˣԼ취ؼҰɡ
ʵ߷׷˵лȻȥ
οҶʵʲô𣿡
ȻҼܰĲȳһٷʢͣȻ󡭡ιһû˵أôȵҰҶ첽׷ϺΣʵô졣
²û
ҶٺЦҪǹ³ȥˡ
ҿ㵹ͦʺȥרҵġ
֪ʵóĲŮˣҪǺԸĻɡ
Զ㡣
ôĨڵģҿģѽʲô޵ģôƵġ
ָÿŭȵ


707 ̽·
ɽҡҷҶһǰһֻҰá
ҶһתǴҰ֦һЦ˵ùȻϲҰս׷˯Ȼϲ˯ɽ
ûдҶ죬ľһصӡ
ĲɣҶʵãʲôأĪڿǴĻ
γҶ˰ۣûд
ɽﰲֻʣ˲ѷž졣
Ƭ̣ͻȻʵ㲻˵Ҫȥ͵𣿴ʲôʱжأ
񹬾⸽жҲ⡣Ҷش
ȻʵǿػҷȰ㻹Ǳ̫ġѵ
лùġҶЦźϧʵû٣ҪȻǿ֡
û˵ҶֵûµĻҴ͵֮󣬾ӳ孡
˵ֻҪǰоͿˡ
ĪھãҶЦʵ
ûϵû
ôҲңôֿǸ˵أҶƵ
㰮ﲻƾûкɫ
ˣвŮҶû磬Ұ⡣
ȴתƻ⣬ʵ֮ǰڶԸǸʱҿѪӣôأ
һʱҲ˵ԼûŪסҶЩأϴαܵһѪļ֮ǰԷеġɴ˿ԿԼıӦϴαһѪҧ֮󼤻ˡô£йڴ̾Щ˵ǷʵЩҲֻλԼ̾Ԫ֪ˡ
Ҷ˼ӣҲͲ׷ʡ
֮ζɽǱýƵҰ⣬οˮ
͸˱㿪ʼս
Ա֮󣬺˸ϢҶǾ̾
ĿǰΪԾͣԲƿ״̬ԲʱҲһССƿ׻ĸ֮ͻˣεƿԸͻơ
ʵҪͻƿĻҶ컹а취ģҶ޼͸һžֻҪͻƿֻҶҪΪ׵Բһֱ᲻÷á
һϾȹˣڶ죬ҶúһɽԼǰ񹬲̽顣
ǶҪڹʴ⹬ܴɡڹմ⹬ܴ񡣴⻹б𹬡硢ĩ硢һ繬ܳΪ񹬡
Ϊ뾵Ǳڹ֮УԣҶ˴ҲǳڹȥȻûǣжҪĿĲǵȡ뾵׽ɡ
һξ㣬ֻҪο֮б׻ȥԭ񹬲ΰݣȥ⹬ȻȥڹԹϰߣҶɲǹݷ󾭵ģҲûЩƨأֱڹȥ
񹬵ڹһƬɭְţƬɭֱΪ֣ʮƽǧס
Ϊ˫գοͱȽ϶࣬ҶЩο֮гڹȥŶѼññѹúܵͣס˰
һ·ϣɢ۲ΧĵΣԱ㵽ʱ鷳ܹ˳
һӣѾ͸ɵķ϶ԼڹĽׯµҲͷϮ뺫ɢмƣȴҪԶԶʤ֮
ΪݾߣҶûþȥ̽ǰڹʵʵοǰȥ
ûãͽڹʥϢŨ
ָоҶڣܾ⸽ƺһʮļһһڰжƺܹ˼
Ťͷܻˣȴַ֣ΧԾ֣ûκ쳣
Ҷ˿ĭͷѾðϸ֪ղֲĸоԴأ˵ڹȷʵЩѰ
һҶ쾡ƽοȥ
λڹģձŽʽ֮һġ족ĵӡƽΪΣڣɽǽɽɽʽݶֱΡ
ܿοǷ׷ײΰϹΣǰƣȻΣźϹһΡ
ҶȻЩɵΰݶ孵Ĺڱ˲ΰ֮ʱ»ˣŵڳ
ʱվŰ£ͷñ٣Щٶֻû˿Ϊķˡ
Ҷа⣺ѵⶫ孵Ҳһ֣֮
Ȼǿ߶٣ô񹬾ȻϿ򵥡
ΪҶιҪΪ̽·Ҳûȥ˼⣬ЩοǲΰϺҲ뿪˴
ڹйһȦڹҲ߱ˣ;֮л٣ҲֻûΪķˡ
ڹҶûٶҴȥ
̤ڹţѹֵĸо֣ٿЩοͣƺûʲô쳣ķӦҶΪ󣬡ĪڹĳֻЧƣٻͷ˿ҡҡͷûٶǣֱȥ
뿪Ѿʱ֣ҶȥһЩƲˣȻͻɽ
Ҳ֪ժЩͮͮҰɽǰһʯͷϿš
Ҷû˿ӦҶ쵱Ƶġ
Ҷߵǰ˿ҰЦôҰأЩ߰ҰɳԲãһԵĳЩԼصĻֲڳһ˸νأ
Ҷ컰䣬α㽫ǿҧһĹӺݺ˹ȥ
Ҷֽӽ£˵ҧĹӾɿڡ
һӣ
Ҷ춪Ĺӣ˵ڳЩƲ˻һ԰ɡ˵ŴӴȡһҰ͵棬̯ڵϣȻһȴӴһһȡ
Ҷƾȡһȣ̲ס̾ǰΪⴢֻ鹹Ķû뵽Ȼʵڵġ
Ҳȥڽ֪ġҶ˵
ָװ¶ٶأκʵ
Ҷشⴢ䰴Ϊȣöеȴ䣬Сһࡣ
ǿװüˡЩԾ
ҶǺһЦ˵ȻʵãҲʲôװȥģһ˵ӵĶװȥ
ԭˡε˵ͷ
ˣ˶ЩˣϽ³԰ɡҶںþƲһ
£ʵ㵽״ʲôʱȥ͵أþϻعȻ˷ʱ䡣
ҪûʲôĻ׼֡ԭҶ֮жǵ鲻ãҲֻǰжˡ


708 ж
ºɱҹ߷Ż졣
ڹΧǽڴҶ쾲Ǳš
췽ڣǱڴˣѾСʱ
ԴӰʱ֣ÿͺЩ뿪֮󣬾Ҳû˹񹬾ǳ˯һ㣬˿
ȻѾһˣҶɲû˰ء
ûмжǺЩν٣ֻǰɢصʮֲܾ񹬲Ͽ򵥡
־۲˴СʱҶҲľˣھչж
ж֮ǰɢ̽ȥȻ񹬶һεĽšȻοǿɽ񹬣Ǳζ粢޷ЧԸ̽⡣
ҶҲû̫࣬ջؾݳ֣񹬴űȥ
û׼͵͵ǱȥǴҡڵɱȥÿԽЩٸƳ
ǰȡ׵עԪ˦ֱǰĴȥ
䣡
һű״ݻ١
Ҷ쾶ֱ˽ȥľ׵Ϲ⣬ŵζЩϹ·ǻƬڵĿռһ㣬һɫӰ
䡱𣬸Ӧ̮档
ǶҪڶ˵Ŀռżߵĵλǿ񹬱˼̤¶Ѫ
䵶𣬳Ҷ˵һܣϵܡָоֱȴսʦҪ̼ٱ̶Ƭ֮䣬ڰѱݻ١
ǣٲӾͰ⹷ѸһˣҶЦľ׵û˿ͣ͡
䣡ھ׵»Ϊҽ
нݻٺҶѸȥ
ûܼͷϿͻȻһҫ۵İ׹⣬Ű׹̫һ㣬յ硣
ܵЩ׹ҫҶеԪʱԵöͺܵ˾һ㡣
ʱĲԾ˷ܵ˵ҶСѣҲһޱȴϵ
ȻҲˣŰ׹Ȼ򵥡Ҷ쾪̾
Ծɻʵʲô׹⣿ĪǴӰ뾵ų⣿
ǰ뾵Ӧĳ󷨽磬Ҳ˵ҲһĹϵΪ֮ڡҶ˵
մ֮Ȼ⣬һһӻǵһμ˴ϵԾԵ쳣
ҸоеԪƺܵЩ׹Ӱ죬תٶҲóٻˡҶ콹ǵ
ǱȻģ֮ڼһ֮ϵߵԪȻһĿáԾ͵
ʱ׻ͻȻ˵һִһϵҪ֡
ѲմʱϵҪ߼Ҷ쾪
û´ĻӵӦ硣׻²
ô˵մҲǴ紩ԽģѹֻᱻЩһݡҶȻ׹ԾʵϵܣⴿǷתأ
Ծش⵱Ȼǲеģҿ뾵㻹Ǳ͵ˣֵεɲӦ˵ġ
ı׷ֻҪЩɱ⣬ǰ뾵ȻֵˡҶڴ˵˷ܾ뾵֮һ㡣
ȻҪ͵òˣҶνҲ൱档ԾЦ
ˣϻˣȰ񹬲ƽ˵˵ţҶ㲻ͷϵĹţ첽ǰȥ
ɾ嵽ǰʱŻȻ򿪣ٴӵڳ˳
ΪһǵǲȣЩһֻ̤ײĵͷ
˽ҶΧͷӵ߳ͷΪֱǺǣ޵ߵ˵ԪԪ
ΧȦҶ죬λԪߵɫȻ䣬ѿھ㣡
ϵԪɵʵϵ
Ԫ߱ˣ촳ʵҵǴˡȻͷڵʵӹһٵԭ˾
ԭ˾ĻԪһҶ쿴ȥ֮о֮ɫ
Ҷûԭ˾Ԫߣʵû´ĻӦþɰɣ
Ԫƽ˵Ȼôʣǳİɣ
ͺҶ²һԪȷʵɡ
ûҪǳģ˵ɽĹʣӦ֪ɽ鳤￡۵ɣҶ쵭Ȼʵ
ûҪ֪鳤䣬ΪѾû뿪ˡƽͺڳһʵһ㡣
ҶһЦʵѵǸͷûи˵ҵţ¼𣿡
һ˵ǻﵱǵʵңǿɾʹشˡ
ҶΧɨһۣм·ߣֻ·һˣҲøǶѴ࣬ȫһϰɡ
Ҳٷϻ̧һӣΧҶٷ׷ȡ
ǵ죬ֱʣԿ϶ǣЩϵߡ
˳֣Ҷһ𹥻ʩչնֱΪ͵Ϯȥ
ֻһԪΪһͷŰ׹ҫ£ҫ۵Ĺâ
£ҶΪʩչնԸһ쾳־һģǴ˿̣ĵǱԷ
ᣡ
ײ£һԪٱ˼վǽҶıն
ҶоԼԪܵӰ죬ʽ½ҲһǶֶԸˡ
ѹԪͬʱЩٵҶв²⡣
ʧ֮ʣѾ̷𹥻
ֳĶԪɿңһ
Ԫе˴⣬һâҶϮȥ
Ԫ٣ʣǰлƳһŰ׹ҫͣ˦ʽ
ҶȫûЩԪܣٴʩչն˵һԪϮȥֵҹѵΣҶѾΣҲһЩ顣һ˵ʵĶֿԾзҲΪ׵ս
ԷٴγһԪæҵľ񵲡
֮ǰֵҶıնʱѾľð޹⣬ûлָȻ޷ٵ±նҹơ
ᣡ
£׵ɻ˳ڶԷԴϡ
䣡
һԪٵԴͽȻѿԽѪһء
ͬʱٵĹҲ½ײҶԪϡ
Ԫ͵һâ˲䰵֡


709 
ҶССһ̧ͷƳƳϿǸţҶüͷ
ҫ£ЩŷմĽͽǵõһ̶ȵӳɣǵʵһΡټǵҲǴһ㣬ǵʵ̨סҶ෴ѹԪʹʵ½ǳڵӣ˵״൱ġ
һԪٺҶĿתҲԪ٣ΣսǲıģȴӼ򵥵֣Сϵơ
ٴγҶѾʩչնԪٳȥ
ҶԼԪԵЩţ֮ǰһԪٲһĻ¡
ֱԷǰӵ£ԪٷæҵľƵͷ
ᣡ
׵ײϣͺ֮ǰԿһ׵ûͻķϵĹâ˲䰵ȥԪͬˡ
ҶΪǣԷʵΣҲֻԪ磬Լʵǵ쾳ʩչնҲǶֵܵϵ֮ǰԸһԪٵΣҶ²⣬ЩӦüӳĳǿķַҪЧնԺľֻҪڵָ֮ǰеĵҲ˷ˡ
ʶһ㣬Ҷ׳ö룬ǻδվȽŸĶԪٻȥ
Ԫɫ䣬ȻҲԼĵѾ޷ٵǰЩ롣
ۿҪɥȪɾΣʱ̣һ׽ԲϮֻһᡱ죬öȫݻ١
Ҷüͷһ壬Զԭ˾ƳһۣȻâԭ˾ġ
û˿ɣٶʩչײԪȥǴʧǰʱĻȶԷҪɱɾ͸ˡ
һҶӰһ׹⣬ڵǶԪϮȥ
ոӹһ٣ԪδȴԷ־ٵ˹һŵľ񵲡
ԪٺԪٵĹѴӺϮȻ赲ҶɱԪٵľģ߾پ׵ݺȥ
أ
׵ķڶԪٵͷϣԪҲ֮ǰһԪһԴըһغ
ᣡ
âҶԪܣԪһ֮¹âٶȰЩ
ȻѾ٣ҶȻҵģϾЩһﶼֻСɫѡ˵ĴɣԭҲδɷĸԤȫˡļӳ֮£¹ɵʵԴﵽˮ׼Ҳѹһʼš
״̬ҶĿתԪ٣ҲһĿꡣ
ҶͶĿ⣬Ԫɫ䣬ǰٵĲʶǰ˵ǿ󣬾ıӻȻоĲͿ־塣
Ҷ׼Ԫٳʱԭ˾̲סֽ󣬿侲վһԹսٵδɵţûмųҲԭģȻӵǿĸЧЧ޵ġڳֵĻͻ˵ֻήʵ
Ҷ첢֪ЩĻ˵ûмսҲǼ¡
Ծٽԭ˾Ҷӵӭ
ᣡ
ײһ֣˫˿
ԭ˾ԭֻԪΪȻļӳ£ʵѴﵽˮ׼ϳҶĿǰˮƽ
վƺҶɨһۣԭ˾ļ벢δıսƻҪĿԾԪ٣ֻɱѶ˶ѡ
ҶѸٽСݻ˳£ûСݵĸҪսʤǰЩͷӿ²̫ס
ҵǣǸŲδСݹӰ죬С߿֮Уʼƻס
ԭҹնʱܲ¡¡֮쳹ʡ
ܿ죬һƿն£СϣСնڻ
⺧˵һĻٶǾѣһֱƽҲüͷ
ͶüҪȻ֮ǰ˾ǵİҶЦ
ԭ˾һ˵ƻ׵ı£Ҳһ˵ٹҲη壬մĹǣЩаսܵͽ䡣
Ƕνմ൱ΰֻϧմӷĹҲȲǡⲻѾڤ粻ļһǵմȥˡҶָָͷʬЦ
Σʲô¾ʹɡԭ˾ٷϻ˫ֳֽǰֻۿɼĹ߱գҫ۰׹⡣
Ҷûԭ˾ֱʩչնԪϮȥ
ԪƺϵԷԼ֣ԾҶ춯֮ʣһâҶȥ
ԭԱնٶȣЩͽʿ޷׽£ܵӰ죬նٶԳٻ࣬ˣԪٲ˻ֵء
ԪܵѾʣ޼ҶûԪӲâĹƣ˦׵Űâȥ
䣡
â̱ѣҶһͣٴʩչնԪ١
Ԫ񵲡
ᣡ
ػ֮£âһԪٱ
ҶҪʤ׷ȴԭ˾߾ǱâŵӺ
ҶֻҷԪ٣Ѹٻٵͷ
䣡
ԭ˾ھ׵ϣɽҶǣЩ׹⾹Ǵ͸˾׵һ⽣ԪϮȥ
ҶæʩչײˣԪܻܵ˹⽣Ϯᡱһ
ûԪܵķҶƱ᧿Σɾˣǲ˼ʩչնԪϮȥ
ǣճ;ԪٵѴҲϮ
Ҷüͷ£ûзȻӲĹһߣԪƴ⣬Իָǲָ֣Ǿ޷һնɱˡ
⾽ȵƣҶһѸ̧֣öԪȥͬʱתӵӭԪϮǵ
ϮԪֻþǸոջָЩ񵲡
ᣡһ£ö뱻£ոջָҲĴ
һ࣬Ҷľ׵ǵ֮ϣһ÷飬ûԪܵķҶҲǿĳƵõ
վƺԭ˾ƳһۣԷ׼ʽûʩչնԪٳȥ


710 ɱ
ǿĶ֣ԪٸֻŶԷǰ߾ϵͷ¡
䣡
һٱͷʬ
ˬգգ»ʲôܱɱʹ죡Ҷ쳩ķЦ
ٱɱԪٶͷ亹ֱð֪ԷһĿ
ʵҲˣЦ£ҶԴȻһתɱڵĿһ㣬ݺݵԪ١
˫ϬĿ⣬ԪٸоǱһ㣬΢΢㤣ҲǾ֮ɫ
ĿҶû˿飬ӰһնȻʩչ
ԷԪٵҶʱæҵľʣǰѸٻƬ̣һѻɣʱҶѾȰǰо׵߸߾ͷ¡
Ԫٻʣʹǵͷ
أһھ׵ĺ֮£ͽȻѣҶ챻ǿĳƵˡ
ովȽŸԭ˾ѴӺ󷽷ƣһǰҫĹ⽣߳β棬Ҷ챳Ϯȥ
ҶͷҲأʩչײʮס
ȻǱ⽣ȴҲתͷ׷ȥ
Ҳ֪⽣ԭ˾ʹģǲ٣᲻ϵβ
ȻˣҶҲͲٶ׵עԪʩչնŹ⽣Ϯȥ
䣡
ھն͹£⽣˲䱬ѣɢ׹⡣
ȻһĻȴֽҶһֻЩɢİ׹ҫ֮£Ȼۣ֮ǰһģһĹ⽣
⽣һּͣҶȥ
ΣҶûȥ⽣ɴͲ֮ĿһתԶԪ١
ԪڻӱʻҶĿ⣬ͷϵĶԼӿ˼֡
ҶɵĽնʩչ¸Ԫڳ˯֮УڵԪ״̬£Ψһ̵ܹҲֻⱼնˡ
Ԫٺܿƣӱʻһ֮¾ʧӰ
Ҷԭ׼ӵӭȻʧɽд󾪡£޷ɢ̽⣬޴ѰټټûԪܵķܵĹ㲻Ҳö
ΣƣҶҲʩչײͷҴܡ
ʩչαײٵıʩչնԪϮȥ
Ԫʹطֻתʸ񵲡
ᣡ
ػ֮£ʹâһҶûҽ֣һ£ѸʩչײҺ󷽳ˡΪ⽣Ѵ󷽼ǵεҲȻĳϮǲ쳷ǿɾ͵ˡ
˳ʮ׺Ҷ˦׳öϮԪ١
ԪٸϽʹǵǰ
ᡭ
һײ£ֳΡ
ҶϵԷֵ룬׳֮Ѹʩչնֳεɲǣ׵Ҳ˳¡
䣡
ܵ׵ĹӦѡ
ԭҶ컹Ԫٳ֣Ǽ⽣ѴϮֻʩչײгˡ
ⷬҶڵԪҲѾָƽԪܳһ̤ʵˡ
ǣ׼ʩչնһԪٵʱ򣬺ȻϮһޱǿ
ҶͷһͷѸʩչײ
ʮ׿⣬ٻͷȥֻһĹһʵĴ󽣣Լղվλϡ
°ɡŴԭ˾ԪٷԸ
ԭ˾Ӧһ⽣ջأһԡԪٸ֮ãһɵһȥҪٽȥԼԴðҡ
Ҷû˳ˣĿɣĿǰ״̬ҪԸ˿ɲ̫ס
Ƭ̣ҶһЦ٩⿴ôʵѲմĹ
֮ҵǲմĹɵȻ˵Ǹ侲̬Ȼʮš
մߣֺͦӣģҲ̰С˵ˡȻıôһĹġҶЦ˵
û´ĻӦ֧ǹ߰ɣʵ
ҶȻȵ֧ãСӼסˣҴлһὫСһµġԤƣһӦòԶˣǵȲˡ
ɵûŭȻ˵ʵѾ͸ҫ£㶥Ҳֻܷӳǵʵ㻹ʴʡ
Ҷ첻ΪЦԸ⼸ֻΪӡ
ôĿעҪΪմߵļƷˡԱϣɻȻմ߸߸߾
£մҫ۵İ׹⡣
һԷ׼ʽҶ첻˼ʩչնȥ
Ҷǰ֮ʱ˦ֽմҶӭȥ
׵մײ𡰺䡱һ񱩵ĳ˷ڱϹսԭ˾ԪٸϽʩչɳݻ
ײ֮£Ҷ˳ȥһغϵĽ·磬ҲԿɵʵȷʵﵽˮƽ
˫Ԫ״̬£ҶηǶ֣ǰֵԪ״̬ʩչʽʮޣҪԽսʵЩǣǿ
ҶԲߣѾմ߳ҶûԿʩչײ
׷Ҷ㣬غЩͷˣͣ½ŲҶ쳰СӣղŲǻ̸ôͳثֻ֣֪ˣ
Ҷһε˵ˣ㿸ôһһ蹷Ƶҳ˵ܲ𣿵ȻҲ֪ǿɳܵģҲ׷ô࣬ҵ˫žǲʹе֮бҧҰ
ߣ㵱ΪҴ𣿡ߵ
ҶƤЦӢ䣬˫ƽʺԣʲôġ
ŭէ֣ûҶ֮մ߸߾ٹͷˮһӿմߣɲ֮䣬ţһ͸ӰԳ֮չ
ӰҶͷһɲԤС
ܾãӰͷǸĹâһ㣬鲼񹬵ÿ䣬оԼѾ޴Ρ
ҶüͷȻʶ뾡ֹԷУҪȻʩչײҲ㲻ˡ
û˿ɣϽʩչնɳȥ
ɾԷǰ֮ʱմͻȻӿһǿӲˡ
Ҷֳ˼Σɽһ
ԲߣºȵڣӰ򣬿㻹ӣ
£δɳǵ޴ĳӰȴҶȻ¡


711 Ӱ
ɽһ䵹µĳӰҶĪܵһǰδеѹ·˷ЩⶼˢˢԼһ㡣
ٿӰϮ;ҶȻӦæʩչײʮ֮⡣ǣǣǻλãǳӰǲƫеĳͷ
ԣڣӰֻҪ֮£Ǿ͸޷ӰĹ
Ȼ޿ɶ㣬ҶҲͲٶ׵עԪųӰӭȥ
䣡
׵Ӱײ񱩵ҫĴ䣬ǿҵĳ£ҶԪ͵һҲʮಽ
Ӱ̺ĴҪͨԪΣĿǰʵȻ֮⡣
ǵûнҶˣǼᶨȡ뾵ľġ
һ£ɸ߾մߣһ㴣ԭһǺľմֿʼ⣬ۼȻǴʼʩ
Ҷ˵ԷĳӰǼΪֵʽ˵ֻҪ֮£һи޵еʽɹֿɷĿ޴ΣֱǰٷС
Է׼ӰҶ⣬֪ٽȥĻǵ뾵û׼ϼСȻɲ׷ͷֻǴ֮ɱ
¶ĺҶ㲻پϽתʩչײΧǽȥ
ȻܵͷܿͱˣΧǽҫ֮ʱͻȻײһεǽһ㣬ƱӲֹס˱󵯷ɣԺ
ΪԼ·𣿡ӣ·ʴҶƲ
ȻѱεķΧҲͷϵĹγɵġ
ȻѲˣҶҲֻܷܣѸٴӵٿͷϵĳӰչף׼ն
е׵ϲϼ׵磬Ҷеľ׵ۣɫâھ׵Ϸ˵ġꡱ졣
˴󣬾׵ĵչת˲֮չʮס
ʱɵĳӰѾ׼ɣжʮ֮ߵľͳӰȻҶ㵹¡
ҶѾûʱڻæնʩչȥ
ɫ׵ͳӰڰײ䣡µһζ֮Ǽɫâҫ۰׹ĳΧŰԶݶ˲䱻շ˷ĩĴ֮Ҳɱѵġǡ
׵ӰĽƬ̣ҶľնȻжԷĳӰҲ¶
ûãնѱӰʣһ͸ĲоҶͷ䣬Ԫϡ
أ
Ԫܲ˲âЩ
㻹ܴʲôʱ򡣡һٴ׼Ӱ֮£ӰΪǿʽֻҪҶûе£ʩչС
ҶﴭŴɫЩףȥСܿͽȻ˵֮󣬿øַʽذܾ֣ǶҶ˵ǳΣյĶľ֡ãĳҪӰպ˵һΪǿɾ´ˡ
˼Ƭ̣ҶƳͷϵĹſȥаҪؾ棬ΨһͻƵǸţ취ǸŸ˲С
ʶһ㣬Ҷ̧˫׼ָ
侲ռ׼ȫûҶĶϵԭ˾ԪҲһӣǶҶ콫С
ָܿ׼ɣҶɵָ̧ſǸŻȥָâһ˲йţͼ˳ƶϣײڹϣȴû˿Ч
Ҷüͷ𣬼ȻָҲ޷ЧʩչһĹҲͽˡ
ǭ¿֮ʣ۾һƺ뵽˶Բߡ
ɵʽѾ׼һ룬ľڵķȫΧγɷ
ʩչ÷ɵʽѾ׼ɣǾͳӰٶϮ
Ҷ׵񵲡
䣡
ҵı£ҶΪģԲʮ׵ĵһѿ׵ֻ³ӰһʣɷķЩĵĹâҲ˼֡
һҶ׵˫־ǰʩչָ
ǲ׼һӰҶʲô޷˿Ӱ졣
׼ʽ֮ʱΧսδȴһƬǼ
ÿʮҪѽٻؽʽǨڲǰ2013꣬˵ʮʽǨҲ˵ǰ񹬻½û꣬ȴֽؽ
ԶеĻĹ˵ĪĹܣڵлԲ԰ٻٵı硣
£ɵѾû˼ЩΪеľǻɱǰմĶͽ
ɵʽܿ׼ˣ⵱ͷµľͳӰҶƽ糣ר־ʩչָɳӰͷ¡
䣡
ҲЩѵĵذ嶼ڿҶķĽâһһȻľݻ֮ڡķ˳ӰĴ󲿷ʣǼײҶԪϡ
أ
Ԫ͵һâ簵վǿӰ価Ԫֻܾʣ²㱡һ㣬ƴơ
Ҷȫûǰվ˫ʮָ󣬽֯Ӱ쳣ʩҽʱһׯ¡
һҶԪѼҲû˷ʱʩչӰߣҶȥ
£ҶԪܼѾ˷ãһɽǱɡ
ۿɾҪǰҶʮָĶͣĳдȣС󣡡
ͼķ֮Уչʮס
ͷӴͼڣ˶ŵͼɢϢвԴĿ־һ㲪Ȼ
ǴӾ֮лعͼѾкһƬ⣬پ¡
֮Ի뵽ʩչСҪǿǵ磬Ը䡣ֻҪûĸԤҪɱˣǾ֮͡
ʵҲҶԤϣͼȻ޷ȫҲܸһ롣һҶʵڵӣ򽵻صǣԭ˾Ԫپ͸˵ˡ
Ҳһ㣬Ͼ¶֮ɫͼɢϢǸоĲ


712 ʤ
Ҷ쿸ž׵ҡڵߵ˸ǰЦʵǲСоأûǵСҰţֻҪָȥմ񡣡
ԭ˾Ԫٶ֮ɫҶ˵ⷬŲɵģȷʵԼСԷɼĸоǴ޾Ŀ־塣
ĿǰʵȻҪҶʤһδܵΣգ״̬ѣǱƻմӣаɱǵģֻҪУһȻҲͽˡ
Աϣɸ߾ٴߣȻҶȥ
Ҷʩչײɶ㿪ĹƣĻָײٶҲ˼֣Ҳ͸׽ˡ
ɳ֣Ҳ׷ȡ׼
ҶһԪٱ׵̱ڵأò
ԪĪĵ£ٻҶ֮ǰ˵Ƿԭ˾ӶͷҲ˶ĺ顣
մıӺôðⲻһ˻ˡҶЦ˵ԭ˾ȥҵһӣû׼СҲˣҪʲôԾ͸Ͻ˵ɡֻ㷢մȰ㻹ʡʡɣȥܵظɵ
Ҷôһţԭ˾ɫһƬ࣬ͷ亹ֱð˿̣ĶѾ־ռݡ
ҶħЦ⣬ԭ˾ʱеʮ㣬κһй˵ⶼһӾϵͣϵܡ
Զɺܿ췴Ӧﺰ˸¡˫ָ߾մߣ蹷һҶ˶ȥ
Ҷûʩչײֱӻ辪׵ӭԷĹơ
䣡
ײһΣûռ˿ơ෴ģܵ׵ĳȫһ飬ʧȥͲҶĶ֡
ɺҶƤЦ˵ڽǸ˵ȤãһҲԣ෴ģһƳ硣ֻⶫɲäĿմܸʲôҲ͸ǵ⣬ǲһ£ǣⲢǳ֮ơҪǳԶ棬һǽŴ磬ԵŴҲԭ״̬һġǰûŴʱҲһ̰Դ˴֮ˣʹˣһŮҲѾȻЩص㣬صҿˣǿɱţҶѾ˺üˣڲǻվǸǰҪĸһҲѧһŴĻﻹѪͻˡ
ɺԭ˾ƿԡ
ҶЦ˵ⱲѾûŴˣ±Ҳûˣһλܵظ˵孹һ㶼ǽȻ˵ҲδǺʵѡⱲģģӦû˲ľ飬±ÿԺúЩ飬һֻḻ
˸£һŭٴξߣڵҶȥҪҶƴƵġ
÷ôϲ¸½У±ӶͶ̥ѼȥɡҶ׵ӭϡ
ᣡ
һײ˵ڶ̶Ƭ֮ѽʮغϣƺ׼ŭˣ൱ʢҶмܵࡣ
ãһҵĽ֮·뿪
ʱԭ˾Ƶģ߾ҶȥľѾܲסĿ־ѹڶ˵õĽѡ
Ҷûԭ˾˷һȥմˡ
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Ҷɲٸ˷ʱ䣬Ͼ֧СҪķѾġ
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һ˵㹥ƶԽսģԸֵεĶ֣Ȼɼ졣
ʮǱնɱмܲס¶Ҷǳʤ׷غϱ㽫ɸſڵء
ҶߵɸǰǱմߣõǰһмغߺߵҲֻһĴ壬㻹˵ű㽫մһͦ˵ҲֻֻԼȡġ
ſſ̱ڵϣڴŴǻѪ˿һֻɥȮ
Ҷ쳯˿ֽС̾ȻϽѿǷ
һߣȻҶָʾ
Ҷʼ磬ΪȻûϵԸеǰ취һкܶҪ㣬֮ǰҾ㣬һɿڵĹӣˬð˵䣬ҶѴӴȡһѻڤ˵񶾽̲ժЩѻڤǵѡ
Ҷѻڤǰ˻Σ˵Ӻں಻ãЩߵķЧͦġЩӲˣƢˣˣֻҪһţͷģνǰԲˬˣǼ֤漣ʱ̡ԱϣҶ˿ɵͣѻڤӲ˽ȥַסֽŵѨλ͵ѨԷֹܲʹѡɱ
ЩҶаЦ˵ĸоɡ˵֣꣬ΧЩʬ廷һȦ˵ǸյӰһô쾳ǿߵ꣬Ʒָտɴˡ
ϵɺܿ췢˲ҽУҶûдеСٻغ󣬾ֱűԭ˾ʬȥ
ԭ˾ʬǰӣȡһ֮ǰõĴﻹţȼ֮׼һЩҪȻô쾳ɶðװ˷ˡ
˵䣬ָŴԭ˾ʬϣҲָָͬʣǰջʬ֮
ʹϵνϵҪϵʹķҪϵʹķȻͳΪϵͱϴڵʵʹùתڵϵ
ΪʮֵͼֻҪ˿ɵҶΪˣԭʢʣҪʹ
Ļ£һ򵥵ѻɣҶʹ֮£һԭ˾塣Ƭ̣һֻ͸ĻǱ㱻Ĵԭ˾ʬо˳
ʱҶϽֵĴעһ˿˿׹⣬һǿǺڶһ㣬ݡһͽԭ˾˽ȥ
ԭ˾걻УֽЩĺ˸⣬ΪеԵʡ
ҶûᣬҪջջش䣬ȴ־޷սȥƬ󣬻Ȼջһ洢꣬ʾȻ޷սˣΪҶҲֻܽսֻڲС


713 
ţҶռ༸ʬ꣬׼õĴҲˡ
֮󣬼ɽеڱϥ£йָԪ
ֱ賿ʱ֣ɵĽŽͣѻڤҩЧҲˡ
ҶֹͣɸǰǳЦʵˬһˣӦʵ˰ɣҪǻûˬͷйӣԼˬȥ
ҡҡͷǸո갮ƬŮǵһ㣬ѾҪˡ
Ҷĵ˵ͷѻڤĹЧһֱŲɵģΪö㡣
ǾȰѿɡҶԸ˵űɽ⿪ϵЩѨλ
ɳĴӵմȥߵմǰʰ𡣽עһЩϵķĶʱҫ۵İ׹⡣Ǹž类˿Ĳϼһ㣬ƹմӿȥյһɶ
ŹųȥΧһƬڡ
û뵽徹ȻǬѹƵġҶ˵ʵ˵ֹȫûκãҲûմߡ
û˵մ߳ѵӣ͸ܱ֮Ƶģһͷɥӡ
Ҷǰ̽ɸһ㣬ٴηסĵѨʵ
ɴŴȻ˵￡۵䣬δҴˣҲ֪ںδûм
Ҷüͷһ壬ɵΪɽĹʣ˵ûм鳤һ𣿡
￡۴¶棬سͷ֮⣬û֪ʵݡɽ͵
Ҷתһ룬ʵͷǽԶ۶԰ɣ
ɵ˵ͷ
ҶʵӦ֪Զİɣ
ԵЩԥûпڡ
ҶЦ˵ûϵеʱ䣬Ҳеǹӣ㻹ԵĻһԸġ
˿ĭƺ֮ǰʹɫЩףǹԹ˵񹬡
񹬣ǹŲ񽣵񹬣ҶԲ졣
ǵġӦ
Īɽ쵼ﶼЩ٣ҶЩʵ
ͷ٣ֻϵһ㶼ͨ񹬣ǷҲ˵
ҶƲƲ죬ƵɽڸèèҸ˶շתüΡ
һ޹˵֪Ҳôˡ
Ҷ룬ʵ˵ɽ鱳һ֪֯Ļأ
ҶôʣɶͷЩð
Ҷһʵô㻹ʲô˵𣿡
ҡͷ˵֯ңҲֻ̫Щɱ顣
ɽķֹͦҶѰ˼Ƭ̣ʣɱһжٷأ
һһʮ飬鲼أҪ֯ϸ˵
Ҷ˵ͷתƻʵǵʵҲ㸺İɣ
ɵͷϡ
ʵ֮⣬ط𣿡Ҷ׷ʵ
ҡҡͷشֻʵңҾͲˡ
Ҷź̾˿˵ɽȨҲް
ǵģ˸ɱ顢ʵҺ͹֮⣬鶼ûκιϵ˵
Ҷü˼һһʱ벻ʲôҪʵģǱ˰뾵£˵һа뾵Ӧ֪ʲôطɣ
㶣ͷ˵֪֪
ҹȥҶ
ǣǣӦȴһ˿
ţɱҶȥ
ݶ֮ǰս֮ʱݻ٣ҲһƬǼ
ɴҶãյĿʲôҲûСɾֱߵһľǽǰǽһ󵷹ģһذͻȻ¶һͨ
뾵͹°֮ڡҶ˵
Է飬Ҷɣʵⰵò᲼ʲôذɣ
ɽԴҡø˹ƵģûУûлء
Ҷϸһ룬ȻôλػţһĻҲûʲôã뵽㣬ҲͲٶǣԸǰ·
ǣɴӦһȻתȥ
һ߳ʯףһֱ·죬ԽߣԽΪŨء
ӵӣͨǰ⣬ȥܿ㿴һĵµá
ɴҶ߽֮УһޱǿҵѹָжʱϮͷ
ҸߣԼʮףĸһͷ컨ͽµĵذҲοһЩµķģЩľӫһ㣬ķ˿˿ӫ⡣ÿһԶޱׯʥ
ҶһɨĿܿ˵мһʯ̨ϡ
ʯ̨ߣ̨һ֣һСʯ̣ʯϾڷһ￴ʮֳ¾ɣͨڻ֮ɫ滹һ˿˿ϸ΢ѺۣǴӹĹʯһ㣬ûоӦеĹ⻬
ѵǴ˵е뾵ҶָʯϵЩŵʵ
Щյػشûմ뾵
ѲɵմģҶƵ
Ȼƾȷʵ̫ãҶ쵹ܹĸܵɢޱȻ
˵ϸ䣬֪֮Ҷʵ
ҡͷ˵ЩҲֻǴ˵ѣǷĸҲ
ǿ˭Ҷѯʵ
ɻش˾ʥȻû˸ȥ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ŲС뾵ȥ
ԽǿѹֵĸоԽǿңеԪҲǲ궯Щ˵뾵ȷʵǲ֮
һֱߵ뾵ԶʱǹεѹָѾѹͣ˽Ųûٿ
ʱԾͻȻ˴ҶСѣҲһʮǿҵǼ
ҶصûǰҲ֪ôȡߡ
Ȼ֪Ƿʩ䣬ǻСΪòҪֱִԾѵ
֪ˡҶӦʣǺҵʩһʲô취ȡأ
ǵÿʲôˣҵʩӵ䣬һǱ޿ɱܵģΪ̺ʩߵһ˿л꣬ӵһǡԾϸؽ
뾵֮иòҲմĲлɣҶü
ԾǺһЦ˵Բ֪ˡ
Ҷһٿǰİ뾵ž⣬ȴǯ}ûš


714 
˲ԾⷬҶûȥ뾵ʯ̨תȦȴǰ
˼ã۾ͻȻһĿ⳯ͶȥаЦ⡣
ϼһҶ֡
һĳҶȥ
ߵǰҶԸȥһ⣬ʲôӦȻȥˮ
һ㶣ȴһ˿ԲĹ񣬽ҡͷѵʹã뾵ʥ׷ⴥ֮
ҶȵʲôӽȥȥҪմһҿš
һգûѣһεģתηηβʯ̨ȥ
ɾҶʯ̨֮ʱȴһĨյЦ⡣
ɺܿߵʯ̨ǰֵ̧֣ʯ̨ϵİ뾵ȥ
Ҷվһԣɴ۾ϸ۲Ű뾵ķӦ
ɵָѾ˰뾵ǰ뾵ȴû˿Ӧ
״Ҷü룺Īǰ뾵Ĵ˵Ǽٵģ
ʱɻعͷ˵ãûʲôӦ
ҶƬ̣ɷԸÿԡ
ɸϽջ֣˿
Ҷǰھʯ̨ԶʱͣסȻۿɴ뾵Ҷ컹ûȥȡ׵õ뾵ȥ
ǣھ׵뾵֮ʱԭ޹ľͻȻޱҫ۵İâҶֻоһޱȻ˳ž׵ӿţ˴ɳȥءһײԶǽϣǼʱſԪܣµñײɢܡ
ҶǱĴӵ𣬶Զѵ뾵ʥȻ÷֮
Ҷɵ˵ۣûĺǳӵıǷѲƤҾʥˣȻô˵ﵹмͬΪ׵е˰뾵еԲŻĽ
ȻҶĿǰ޷϶Щ²⣬Ծȥϵܣɲոȥһ£ˡղŵԾһϾԾ޵רңⷽľҲҪḻһЩ
Ծص˵뾵մʵĻǵòˡ
Ǹղһȥȴûһ㷴ӦҶɻ
Ծ˵մͽȻǿԵ⣬δɴ뾵
ҶȻٳɳ˳ЩջֹѹϼһͻȻôڣҲ÷֪ͽԴ뾵Դ˼ƭϵҺӸղŽûȥ
ٿ˿Զ̨Ѿָİ뾵ҶüͷⱦǰĿֶء
Ѱ˼ãҶ뵽һΪͼȴ֮ЧķȻܹ뾵ôֻҪѰ뾵ڲͳˡ
ҶǵЦæȡºڲڣɷԸϼһȥ
ԵЩգתһûоܾԹԳʯ̨ȥ
ʯ̨ǰֽ뾵Ȼ󲻽תҶȥ
ҶźڲӭŰ뾵ĵԪܣҲ¶Էʹթ
һߵҶǰİ뾵ڲȥɾ뾵͵ڲʱͻأĵתҶǰԪȥ
ھ̫ҶԭĥԪܻʲô󰭣ǵ뾵ײԪϵʱŻȻʶԼ̫͹ˡ
ܰ뾵δԪܻȴǼһ׹⣬׹ֱӴ͸ԪܣײҶؿڡ
һ˲䣬Ҷһޱȳȵӿ壬еԪʱɹͺǼﴳһֻһ㡣
ֻǵûжԪ֣ǾֱҶȥ
̵ҽһ㣬˿Ҷľ֮Ҫڻ
һŰϮ֮£ܿ
۳һţγһĹţ̫һҶռ䡣
ҶСѣô£ԾЩţȻɢĹâиӰ졣
Ҷ콹ĻصҲݣ˰ˡ
ʱ׻ҲݳΣСӣ㻹һ첻¾Ƥʲô⣿
ҶƵҲ밡ˣ˵ЩҲûˡȻĵ̣žȫȨˡҪ׻ͲԾûޣҲ޲ˡ
׻ȻȵСӣ㵱ǲƨɵÿһ鷳ƸαùܣԸŰɡ
Աϣ׻ӰһâɢһաƬֶ֮ԾǰԸιϹϽ취Ųȥ
ԾЦãε׻ǰʵ̫ˣɲܶԸ˵ġ
׻̧ͷϿǸų˳üͷ˵ⴿȷʵӦҪǷβܵĻҪ˶ãռ͵ñڻˡ
ǿǺãԾǵʵ
׻룬˵彫ӡסԱĿǰ״̬޷ȫӡǵþҵ취˵ţɵĶǹųȥŸǰһţһڽǹŸȥ
ű׻ʳռ±ڣƬ֮׻ҹһ㣬͵İ׹⡣׻ԣ޷⳹׷Щ͸׻Ѿࡣ
ԭҶ컹оһȣڵǺתЩЩҵԪҲƽǣҶ״Ȼ̫룬ЩܵյľһʱҲָˣҪԪʮѡ
ҶУɵĹЦСӣѾ䣬Ҫ˶ãᱻڻѪˮڹ֮ʹɡ
Է⸱ɪģҶֱҧ޲ý̻ǣԼĿǰ״̬ǲ˵أСɾѱˡ
ɷ˵֣̽һѶİ뾵ҧžʹһ˿Ԫעؿȥ
ȻûϵԷ£ȻܵԪؿƣ󵹷ɳȥ
ҶѾûȥɱɣԷɺͷͨӴܡ
ǱĴӵڵѨҶסĿǰ͸졣Ҷղһ󣬵ǽܴᣬǡۡһһѪ
մߣӣְؿڴ˫ݵĿǽԶǿյͨڡ
˼ڴҧߣӰɣӵĺǣҲӲշ׷٣


715 
ڵĴҶͣǰ񱼣¾ܴԪ޷˵һʧȥ佣һ㣬ﾡǲ
뾡뿪Ƿ֮أ뾡޸ľָʵȻĻʧȥȵȳһ㣬粽ơ
һ·ɽԽ룬һʮͣ½Ų˴
ϢƬ̣ǰֱ˲Сʱǻص˻ء
ɽλû˯ڶڣһҶӭǰһɫʵôôŻأ
Ҷͣ½Ų˼ڴƤЦʵô˯ĪڵҲɣ
ϷһĨΣڵҹɫȥ˭ˣֻ˯Ŷѡ˵꣬תɽȥ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˽ȥ
ڻǰҶɫ̫ãʵû°ɣɫôô
Ҷҡҡͷ˵˵⣬оա
͵𣿡ʡ
ҶϵĺڲȻ˵ǵȻҳôܻʧֵʱ򡣡
κĽҴٴţˣǱһǿ˹ͷɣ
ҶٺһЦʵ˵˵ҪһǴӢ䣬ǻزˡ
˰ۣȻ֪ΣգﻹҪǿأ
ҶƲƲ㲻Ҳһôֱ׳˵ҡ
ҵȻ㲻һˣΪ˹档α
ҲΪ˹£֪Ѿ౻ΪƽˣһǿɵѪˡҶЦ
ɱ˵̫ˣͻΪ孵Ҫͨˡѵ
˵Ҳǣֳô£Ѿ˾һ߰ɡҶ˵°뾵͵֣ôҲˣȻҲתˡ
㻹˵ɡû
ǾͲ˵ˣˣҲϢɡ˵ţҶ㽫Ԫ֮ڡ
ռ׻꾲ţɢİ׹⡣Ȼѱ׻࣬Ҷ컹ǸоһǿҵѹָС
ҶԾ˵ҶСѣϴ鷳ˡ
Ҷһεˮڣٴ鷳Ҳܻн취ġ
̬ûֻε鷳治ý׻ǰҲ޲ߣƾ˻ɣԾڳһԴе̬϶ǰľѾûˡ
Ҷ룬ԾԸϸ룬ûйĴ˵
ڶ孵ĹŴĻ˽ҲǺܶ࣬һ㵹ǿȥԳԡԾ˼˵
Ҷ۾һȲʵʲô
Ծش˵˳֮мĴ֮飬νܾ֮ܿմĲл꣬͸ڵһ˵Ļû׼һϣ
˳񣿾ǹڶʾڵǼҶ׷ʵ
Ծͷû
ʵǰ֮ҶԭѾվǵ̤·Ϊ˴￡۵䣬ȥѰԶۡڣΪ˽⿪䣬ֱǰʾӵȡ˳
ҲֻôˡҶأ֪бΣء
֪ǰȥԶۣȻǰȥ֪ͨһֿܣһԶ۵õϢ֮ززﲼ޵
ֿܣҶ컹ǾúߵĿԱȽϴΪ뾵ЩȻŹĻᡣ
ٿǵԼ䣬Ȼ󲿷ѱ׻ӡΪܵһ̶ȵӰ죬Ŀǰֻܷӳǰڵʵ״̬ǰ񹬵Ļºȫˣ뵽һ㣬ҶǲӦȥʾӵȡ˳񣬵Ƚ֮ǰ񹬡
ȻҲֻҶʱ뷨ھôţĿǰû¶˵ΪҪĻ޸Ȼ󽫺ΰȫ͵С
ûٵ飬ķ
ֱ峿ʱ֣Щľ޸ơ
ûپ̣̤ǰе;
ее·̣ͺʹ浽вԶֻҪһСʱ
УһͣȻʮѺõķʽһһ·žм۶ȥ
񹬵ƬѾһһİΧΧȦ⼷˸̨ļߺһЩֵˣ۵һֱ˸ͣ
һ磬ΪϢѾֶߣŻҳͱֽͷšٷĽǣͻ꣬Ǳ׸ըٵġ
͵ƭ˲ˣϾϿȷʵǾ׹һе˶Ŀõġ
Զ˵񹬱ٻС뾵Ǽ춯صĴ¡Ǵ±Ļǲ룬Ϊ̬أలһһڸȣר񹬡
񹬵¹Ӽɡ
һɣ㽹ǵʵ٣ٻ񹬣ĵʲôˣ
ʵ¼Ӱǰǰ뾵֮´Ļ侺ֱȻⷢӣ̨
ؾţ䣬Ѿʱղࡣڵշ׷ٵ٣Ҫ׷練ơ侲˵
ô˵һֶӰ󣬱ý֮ǧ򲻿Ϣй¶ȥ
ŵģһϢġ
˵ͷ˵⣬½ӿ벻ϧһд۵׷
ǣɴӦ
ʻеȻɺμʻҶʮܵڸϣ۾ž֣ǰ̬ǳƵġ
ʻһ̣ǰƣͣ³ӵֹˣ˵ڶʲôʱˣ㻹ôС
ҶĵػشӦǳʱʱʺ֣١
ҪԺеʱ䣬Ұ㣬ҪôУη߷˵
Ҷ۾οȥЦʵȷҪ
ɱ㲻Ὺ˵
ôܣҪۿҾԽʰ·硣Ҷг˵
һɵǾҼʶʶ񼼰ɡ
Уһʲôٶ뼤顣ҶаЦ
ǣ˱㻻˸λãҶһ±ҵţһ䣬һǰȥ
ιǺأξѵٿǰ۶඼ĳš
ۿҪײҶȻһתһ˦βյıܿҲײ
λûüһǰһʻջǱҶյƿˡ
оյĴʮ·ڣȴһġء׷β


716 ׷
µĳҶۿȥŭܱܲô
Ϊһع̼ܲ˰ɣҶ컵Ц
ⲻǳܲܵ⣬һ·ϵóٳ޹ˣʵ
Ҷ첻ΪȻƨ£Ǵлعϵ񰡡
α粵ΰ࣬Щƽչ޹ġ
޹Ҷ첻ʧЦʣôоôЦΪعЩӦҲ֪Сһǵʱ򣬴Լаٷ֮ʮĹϿΰݼ硣񰲱ʾаٷ֮ʮϿɲΰݼ硣Ҵл˵ζʲôӦñҸ
ɾ˻аٷ֮ʮĶ޹ġ
ʲôٷ֮ʮ壬궫孹ҴлϾɱʱΪлͬаٷ֮޹أûаٷ֮٣Ҳаٷ֮ʮŵŰɣҶǸرСˣһԵһζɱȥ͵ſŰɡҶ쵭Ȼ˵
Ǹӡá
ûǸӣǸ֣Ǹɱ˶ħЩҶˡҸ֪й˵ѪҪ孻ʲôҹܲţֻԼķʽҵİģҲգҲգԼеΪлŮǿҷӣǿͬЩ޹Ķ孹ӣǲҪǣǵαǵȲŰġҶɫ˵
ԶԣΪҶôǲԵģȴԽԽˡִţĺȴԼǷкͰġ
β磬ȻȻԼĹ۵㣬ҲȥУÿ˶Լ뷨ܲܽԼĹǿڱ˵ͷϡ
԰ٶȿţ;Щűãʱײ
ʻûãͻȻءһ죬ͬʱ͵һ𣬽žͲܿƵ·ߵײȥ
λΪײˣͷ͵һۿҪײˣҶ𣬳Ƶ粣ܳ⡣
أһ죬ҵײ·ߵϣΪٹ죬ײɲǱ֧飬ɰѸЩ·˶ŵ
Ҷ챧źʮ֮⡣
ڵվȣҪԹҶ쿪̫죬ɻûڣԶԶֱ졣ͷȥֱֻӺԶԶҲд׷ƾ͸Ƶġ
ȻղײˣǱЩĳλ
׷ҶЦȻ˵ЩЧʻ治һľ˰Ȼôʱھ׷ٵǡ
ڸô죿νǵ
ô죬ܱɱ£Ҷ˵˵ΧһɨĿ·һ۳ܳϡ
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Ҳٷϻǰʻȥ
ҶаľķģӲ
ú÷׼ָס
Щ׷ʮԶϵĻǹ׼ǰı۱һɨ䡣
ડǹ£ӵϮڷķϣһᡱ죬ЩӵȻ޷͸ĵķ
Ҷĵָ׺ܿ׼ɣѸٵָ
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£âָ⼤ɲǼڵͷϡ
䣡
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ʱ·Щ·ȫĿɿڴǰһĻֱȵӰЧҪ˼飬ԼΡ
һ󣬿еֱҲ׷ǰͷֱһöǰ㳯ű۳ȥ
Ҷ˦׳һö룬ӭϮĻȥ
շ·㱻أ䡱һѿ
Ҷ׳һö룬ֱֱķԱϮȥ
ۣ
׻˷˷ԱԴ
ʧȥٿأֱһңֱҲһ¥ײȥ
䣡
£һ𺣡
ʧһһֱЩδǰ̵׷
Ҷɴȡ׵Ԫܣǹƥɱ֮С
ӵ嵽ǰͷǰ׵ݺ¡
䣡
ֱӱãЩҲ񱩵׸˽̿
ţҶʩչһ죬ǰǼֱȥ
ֱǰķԱһЦŴһӣնֱڷԱĲҽ£ֱ׹棬䡱һը÷顣
ֱҶľȥغо׽һߵֱ⣬ֱҲ׹١
һ۶̶̼ӣɶȴʧأֵһƬǼ
׷Ҷݻصϣڸ
Ťͷһۣڿ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵òųݸ磬ֻǸ˵
ҿǴ˵еħࡣû
Ҷʼ򣬡Ҫûħӵ𣿡
ߵҪΪ˽Щ֤ͻعҲŲϡİ
ҶƲƲúúãǰӣɱ˷ӡ˵ű۾
ʻûãͻȻкǰоڽ
ҶۿȥȻǰ·ѱס·賵һͣд
ЩϲͶ·ţȥ·˵ţҶݳЩȥ
ճ;ʮöǰ
Ҷ˦׳ʮö룬ӭЩ
䡭һıл·
һ̣ҶѾЩǰȡ׵һɨƬ֮䣬С
Ҷصϡ
ʵڸôȥأ
Ҷ룬˵ʵ̫ˣҪǰЩУɾͲˣҿͽǰɡ
·뾩пɻаСʱĳ̣·ٵ߼Сʱɡβ
ҶǸϧˣôεεСءҶ컵Ц˵űǰθ
εûзֻǻɵòûҶɣ
Ҷ캹յ㶹õűֳֺõĽ𣿲·Ե㶹һûȥء˵䣬ҶѾʵʵϺؿڵһС¡
γ˵ۣѾȥ˵ʲô
ˬһѺҶЦʵãҪڳ֮ǰȥ·ߵС˶
Ҫ߾͸Ͻߣ߾ͷŭȵ
ðɺðɣȻûȤ·ˡ˵ţҶŲһ㳯ǰȥ


717 Ϯ
ǵ·̫ۣҶ·ߵĴ֣С·ǰڲ٣ֿ߽ݾִﾩС
ȻҶĵβϤ·ĺοѵصعǰɽ֣Ҳа취ҵ·
ⲻֲ֪һ̵С⣬Ȼ͸ĵϵͳƵģΪҶṩʵʱ
źߣҶ̲ʵЩС߶ǲĵأòСûСɣ
ͲװĶ𣿡û
ѵⲻҾŮ˴ֺʹСʮ°Īع⣿д֤֤Ҷ컵Ц
ҡͷ̾ϢԴѾܲˣ쾡ЩĶ
ǰҲԼЩˣҪĻôƯĴˣƬдеǹʵĴˡҶź

Ƭֿ̣ʵʲôأ
ûʲô㣬һһ£Ҷڻش
ѵ㻹Ҫȥ͵
ǰڿǱȥ͵ˡҶЩε˵
뾭ε¼󣬶孷һ䱸ֺαȥðַأԵмǡ
Ҷҡͷ̾ϢҲѰΪлŮǿֿϵİ֮ıôȥͷԸĺѾˡν߹·ǧܴٱ֮ʣǧҪץסᣬ壬ץסҵġ
Ȼ벻ϱСƲƲֹ
ҶٺһЦʵأعʲô𣿻عҿǸϽתаɣеʵ̫ΣˣҲϴСˣǸҸһĺ˼ˡ
ڻعĴ㣬Ҳܶ࣬ȻعۣΣգȴܹúܳʵҲһ·ϼȥġ˵
ѾǶ孵ͨҿȥĹҲѻˡҶ˵
βΪȻǿδأԶ˵˴εʵǾԻܣȻй¶κϢҵϡ˵й¶ˣȻȥ׹ȵطִһЩ񡣡
Ҷ쳤̾һ˵Ǻοأ۴лԭжŮ٣ټҲȢˣлѰҶѹҲ͸ˡǻعĻҲܲΪ˹ҵĹҲһ̶ȵӰҾãܻԵɱʣɵ˼а
ֻҪĵһ㣬ҵĹȻȻͻ½ˡ˵
Ҷ粵ÿɱ˵Щ£֪椵Ľͷ찡ҿµˡΪôĹףҾӦ۹ͶཱһЩŮҲνĶͶá
У͵ӵĹףƵ
ûҽɱôһҲһ̶˶孵ľʵⲻΪʲôҶֱ׳˵
ɱôˣҲֵóҫβм
ҶЦ͵ſɣСӵĺӲŸոտʼء
ҶһħаЦζʱ涫孹Ǹеͬ顭
һ·񱼣Сʱ˱ѵִﾩжĽضΡ
Ҷǣǵ·ȻѾرš
Ҷ·ߵԶЩӣüͷɻ˵Ӧò֪ǻС˵Էͨ񹬵·ϲر⵹˵ùȥ⾩ҲرأɾЩˡ
Ҳûʲôֵģ֮ǰǴб·ߵģ·ܵȥǾкݣҲȻ·رءη
ûֻ񹬵һٴһЩϢӦ֪ҵһվݣûھҶЩ
˵ҲҲֻΪԷһɡ
Ҷ˵ͷҲɡ
ʱҶͻȻ˷дڵϮϽԪܣʩչһ죬ڿԾ
䡭
·϶ʱը˹һɹɰԽ¿ӿ
·ĳξһ亹ɵô֪ǶƬ
ҶصжΡ
᲻͵͵ϰװ˸أβ²
Ҷ񶨵ܣЩֲ֪һȥ͵뾵ô׼ø
˵Ҳǡεͷͬ
ʱҶͻȻ뵽ʲôüͷȻһ壬˵ѵ˵ǰ뾵и
ͬ⵹ǺпܣϾ뾵Ƕ孹װҲӦġ
ĻԺ·ɾͲˡҶнпࡣ
˵ţԷַ˵ڶƣʮöڵ˷
ҶѸص棬»ĺΣаľĲ
ԼҸεĵطá仰ҶʩչײԶЩӳȥ
ɾڳ;֮ʱȻסŲΪǰޱȻڼٻۡ
ҶӦǰϼޱҫ۵İɫ
Щڸܼ⣬ӦһֹͺϴεʵĹǽмơ
ЩٶȣҶɲ֮䣬ѼԪϡ
䣡
ҵı£Ҷʯһ㵹ɳȥԪȻδ״ݻ٣Ҳľ
һֱɳʮⷽأסƺҶɴཫǲдԪܸ
ʱڵϮѸʩչײӴܡ
䣡
űײһ˲ΧڵҶûüݳ̫ԶըףҺԪ壬ҪȻ඼ñ顣
ڵĹ£ֿ̨ʼ׼ҶЩӵŹٶȣǶ޿ɶģһǿɾͱˡ
ʶһ㣬Ҷȡ׵ʩչײԶľȥ
ӵӶϮΪûԪܻ壬ҶɲȥӲӵֻܻеľ׵񵲣һȻܵơ
һӣǰǡ䡱һϮڵûз£Ҷɲõȥڵæʩչײˡ
ʮ׺վƣЩӵˢˢļֻæҵĻӵֵЩӵ
ٿԶ̨òˣҪȥĻǱȻһغ
ҶͷЩðΣǰƣû취ˣ˵ƻЩˡ
ۿЩѾ׼Σʱ̣ҶͻȻ뵽˴öݵ顣
ݳɣѸȡݵ飬עԪһ̵Ķصס


718 
ĿͻȻʧЩǶʱš
ǰһλͦơƶǣžٷһͨѶŵغٴˣǣСʧˡ
ôܣǿͨѶﴫɵǴ˴ս۵ָӹ١ͨ񹬵¹еշӦ뾵λãԱʱ׷ٵҶ׼ȷλ
ɵĻӾٵɫɲ֮࣬գղͻȻ£Ѿˡ
ôӦѾ嵽·ˡѵ
ӾĶʱᵽɤۣɲǼ䣬ΧȻҽѭȥֻһĨɫӰһӭӾ۾ɵùԲֻӰǰһ
ͨѶﲻͣĴɵĽлҶ츩ӣӵʰͨѶЦϼһ
ͨѶɵƬ֮þĿ˵⣬ôܣѾ䡭
ĸһúúõأлĻһĴµġҶЦ
ߣûɱҲ밲ȻӲҵĵġŭݺݵ˵
ô˵׷ٵ뾵λãҶʵ
ûĻǸϽѰ뾵ɣҪȻֻ·һɾҪ񲢲ǻɱҶ죬Ƕذ뾵
ҶһЦ˵׷ٵ뾵λãҺΣٶ˹Ҳֻ·һ
ҵҪ㻹ܻáޱȡ
ĺˣһþõģϴɾӵŰɣʱ·ģҶЦȻֶͨѶȻֻŻɶѣǧϻȥɱԷ
£оѱУҶΧЩЩɨһۡȡ׵˸ƻ෽Щڳδȥᡣ
Ϻ׵صϺΣ򾩶бȥ
Ҷ첢δڻ·ͣ˽Ų˵Щ׷ٵҵ٣ҾͲˣ㵽Ӧû˰ɣ
ε˵ͷ˵ˣԼСĵ㡣˵תȥ
ιûʲô˵Ļ𣿡Ҷźαʵ
ξûһ㣬󲽳ǰȥ
źԶȥӰҶƲƲֹŮ˻湻ģȻ˵߾ߣô˵Ҳ֮ǰǱ𣬻ʲôġȻһҧ˼ģԶ߸߷ɣﲻôŵʵﻹЩģܲദ˶̶̼죬رŮ˸µӡ൱̵ġ
ֱεӰʧתǣҶ̾˿תȥ
תǴοǽϣ͸·תǾҶԶȥӰ¶һ˿ӵ飬ţӦ˰ɣǻټĻǲҪټˡ˵ţһȻתȥ
ЩѾҶϰ˼į֪·ûԶߡ
εȥ˸ǶݵģܿЩֻ̤ļį;
һ˼Ҷǰе񹬣ԷܹʱյԼ٣ȥĲûʲô˵Ӿǰ;оҪУǾ˳񹬵ȸˡ
ҶûͽǰУ·ҵһվ̨Ⱥǰе
Ӿͨе·ǱȽϤģʦ孵ʱ򣬾ǴӴ;УٵУǰĸһ·ϣε·
ûãһɾпеİʿҶ³ȥ
ѾΨŵһһλ
ҶĿһɨĿ䶨ڵſһλŮϡ
ŮŶһ֣һŴ⡣жϣӦûǸѧòʮ崿ǰͷҲ൱ãνͯվ飬߰ƬŮǵǱʡ
ŮһȦҶĿŲŮԱߵǸϡʮӣһͷƵж̷°ϲϡϡĺ硣ʱʱŮƳȥҪж
Ҷ츶˳֮󣬾ֱȥܿߵиǰ֣ʾվ
Ҳ֪ûҶ˼ڱĳһ䣺ֳ
ҶƲƲ죬˵ǳˡ
лȻۺʵСӣҲǰɣ
һλϿûʲôģһվǱҶ˰ͷ
˵Ŀ˲۶λŮҲͬתͷ˹
Ҷ죬Ůĵһоͦģߺϸȳƣòû˵ŮĿҶͣͣȻתУʱǿҵ
ҶһŶ䣬һĵ˵ʮԼߵλȥҪȻҾȥ
˵ţҶ㿪ʼˣţʮȻ£̽־е죬ֱ׵ŵĿλϡ
˶Ŀ࣬һﾹȻƾһֻ֣ͽһߴļһ׳ףܲǳԾ
һµһҲ̫ˣ˵ʮ¾Ͷˡ
Ҷʼ磬ֱ׳˵ʮû˵ʮ£˾ʮѾʮ𣿡˵űŮ
˶һҲûȥҶ죬ԹԵŵĽ
ŮҶ͵͵ƳһۣĿ⺬ҶղǷľֹѾ²ķġҶһȴʹŮĿеһٰʮȵת
ŮԪһǴĻԪΣҶŮʵ
ŮһкøһɨգҶ췭˸ۣȻŤͷ⿴ȥ
Ѳ㻹٣ǳɣʮԪΣҶʡ
Ůûд
Ҷ̽ŮϵĶֱԼȥ
Ůüۿȥ֣غȵҡ
㿪Ҿͻ㡣ҶаЦ
ŮҶ췭˸ۣ־Ҫ϶ضǰ۵Сָ쵽;ͱҶצٳˡ
ŮҲ̫ˣϿô˿أ㶯ֶŵģҶΪ顣ȻҪļͣҪµĻҲġ˵ţҶֽŮŲǰһ¡
ŮһУҪֳأȴôҲѲҶĴ֡
㣬ٲҿҪˡŮ߷в
ﲻ㻹뺰˭أҶ컵Ц
˵ʱϵĳ˿ͷ׷Ͷһ߿Ŀ⣬ǶɻҶǾ˵Ըû˸ǿͷ


719 
ǰƣŮɫţģ˿Ŷۡ
ҶٺһЦ˵ȸ֣ҪҾúĻͷ֡
ŮΣֻܺܲԸĻشǧ
˵Ƕ˵϶ǸݾסȡģϼΧǵũȡСߡʲôģסӱߵģպӱߡӱɱߡڵȵȣסɽ£ɽɽϡɽСɽ¡ɽ֮ࡣȻ£ϼҵķӿ϶һô£˵ûɣҶЦʵ
ǧװִۣߴٵſҵ֡
ҶûΪԼɿ֣Ȼ̾˿˵ǿϧˣòһƯӣȻø˴裬ʲôûˡ
ǧһ죬ԵЩҶô֪ġ
ǧҲûȥ£ҶȵѶҲҡ
ñôСҪǲû׼˾ˣĴȣĴͷ֮ġҶ컵Ц
ǧղѣֲȥҶ죬ֻƲԴ⿴ȥ
ҶģʵãƽʱιʲôأͷȻô䣬Ӧûռ䰡
ǧ͵ûûҶ졣
ҶּʵӦûУɣǻѧУȥ𣿾ͶĸѧУأ㳤ôƯӦУɣǲкܶ׷أͷѧУҲĺˣǧҪסٰ㴩ô̵ȹӣͲߴй¶𣿸òΪ˵ɣô֪𣿡
Ҷϵţǧȫᡣ
ãٲػҿҪֿҶ쾯
ǧȻûзӦ
ҶҲٿֱ̽ץţжȹȹأһƣ·ʱй¶šȻǧź˿൫͸ĴɫСãɰҶ쿴۲ѡ
ǧһܿ췴ӦѸĿҶ֣۾ŭݺݵĶҶ죬ȴǸŭԡ
û뵽ϲɫСðСӦҲǺɫİɣҶ˫ֱĶǧؿڴһģ
ǧ޿̣ºȵٷˣŴݺݵҶ죬һҪ˵ӡ
Щ˿ͶҶָָǲҵҲֻ˽ԴˣҶȫģȣҲòװʲô
ǧĺǳ⣬ҶȫΪ⣬ô˵ɾͲˣĽ׶ΣҪǶ˵Ǹأ
˭Ҫˣǧڷˡ
ۣǰҴﰮ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ҪļһǧֻһͷڣҪֶţںԣǧᣬֻвҪôˣĻҿɾͱˡ
ҶʼЦҪǾñõĻܱǡ
ǧϵͳֻǾ׼ŵʱȴԥˡνԶˮȲ˽𣬶ҪǱĻû׼նԷʹ䱾ǵЩǧֻεطֻ
ôǲĿұץ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ҷһΪ֮ҪٲĻҿɾıˡǧ
ҶüͷЦʵҪأǲҪ˵ǲҪأ
Ҫǧͷ
ҵ־ǲԾôأڿõͷִӣҵֺȥһˣǺأҶ۾ֱֱǧؿڣŻЦ
ҶⷬٿԷһģǧϽİؿڣס
ñôҪǰֻӸﻵˣҿǻ۵ġҶ˵
ǧѾûˣҪôȥ»ûݾ͵ñƷˡ
һ˼ǣȻվ˾ͣ³һ೵
˾·ͣ£˳š
ÿǧҶȵ
ҶվԹÿ
ǧ߳λֱ˳
³ǰʻȥ
ҶûиǧһƲáǵùȻҪ˵ֺݺݶ˶š
ʱҶȴͻȻ𣬡ãڱ˵˻ǲԵŶ
ǧ۾һɣһͷҶѾȻߵǰ
㣬ողû³𣿡ǧʵղûпԷ³
ҿǺĸֻġҶһֻֻǧǰ˻Ρ
ǧڴüͷһ壬ղֻ˿ڴܻ£һɵĿҶ˵һҿڴ͵ߵġ˵űҪȥҶֻ
Ҷ㿪޹˵ôԩأҪ͵ֻôǧͻأ
ǣǾ͵µģ컹ҡǧҶ֡
ãôǧİֻͻô˵ҲñҰɣҶаЦ˵
ǧͷһɲõԤУܻӣȴǰŴŵĻҰ֮أĶʱ
룬̵ֻĵطһĻļһᷢʲôǧѾȥ
ŵĽֻؿڽסͬʱĶҶ죬²ŲƣΪնԷҲֻܾ˳ŶԷ˼Цʵ㣬ҪʲôأֻҪʱ䣬ֻҪȵһʿǾͰȫˡ
ҶȻܿŮ˵˼һǧƽϵЦŨˣҵҪܼ򵥣ֻҪڸһ£ǸͰֻ㡣
ǧɫ䣬ĵڻˣԽƽҶ죬ֻܾŵȴͬʱﰧ㣬㲻Ҫ
òôССҪҲҰɣҶɥʵ
ǧ֮ʣһγԶԶʻǿ˾һ㣬æƿҶ죬嵽·룬һ߻֣һߴ󺰾
γǧǰͣŴĸӳ
ڳǰǧĸﶼ⡣
ʻǸƷаЦ˵ӴĽҰģȻôǧѵһ°ĿֱĶǧؿͷ䡣
һСɽҰʺϰ£Ҫˬһߡ
Ǻ⡣͵
ǧĶʱԭΪ˾ǣϾȻˣڿͶ·ˡ


720 ϷŪ
ĸ경ƽǧĪڣ޲øղžʹҶ죬ϾҲǱһϡ£Ʊصñĸˣһ뵽ıҺĶˡ
ñ£ǻġ췢Ц
ǧŵȴ˼۾һƺ뵽˰취ͷҶȥղڳϣҶɾͰƽǸĸߴУû׼ǰĸ껹еһƴȻǧϣҶܽĸƽ˵õĽֱܾˡֻֿʵ̫ͣԣ˫֮ʱû
ǧܿܵҶ󣬳Ҷ찧磬ҡ
ҶƵãҲ̫ƻ˰ɣոջ̯鷳ˣͺҴˣ
ǧſǻ磬ˣȾҰɡ
ҿɲ׷棬ҪرģҪҾ㣬αأҶ컵Цʵ
ֻҪңңҾһ¡ǧӲͷƤ˵
ҶҡͷǿɲУղһ㶼ûء
ǣҾ¡ǧæ
ãֽǳԿİҲˣĸһ׳ţҪǶǿǵðΣյģðôķվͻһǣһôɵ𣿡ҶȻܾ
ǧ˵ôǿ׳˵ֲǺĻʲôΣء
һϲŵǹأСǸˡҶ˵
ǧļ٣һҧߺ˵ңңҰ㡣ȻҲֻ˵˵ѣֻҪ˫һ
Ҷ첢ûдӦĵ˵趼ˣôӸأ
ңҡǧһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲô
ʱĸѾߵҶǰ
СӣÿƷŵĺȵ
ҶЦʵλλ£
ûСӣñ£ǰ£Ӿˣ㰮ôô档췢˵ȻܽҶƽϾҶҪǸߴһЩҪ涯ðȭͷ
ֻϧλ˴裬²ʺ°Ҷѵ
Ҳ޷ʧʧƷһＱӡ
췢˵ûôƯӣǵ˰̣Ҳϲ󡣡
ҶǺЦλ绹ؿζ
СӣϻϽÿСȲ
ҶĸζͶӣǧʶҶǿסˡǣ˼תֱ·ߵĴȥ
ǧܣĸҪ׷ϣȴҶ
λĪżӽỴ̂ܲԶġҶЦ
Сӣ𵲵ҪȻǿɾˡëȵ
ҶµӴˣôקǼ֪𣿡
СӷǷᣬȰˡëȵ
ȭҶϮȥҶ赭дķһӣߵķһ㵹ɳȥ;һƬѪ֮ʱѾò
ľʬ壬Ҷҡͷ̾˷ģ˭Ҫײҵǹء
˵ţת󷽵ӿȥɢһɨѾͷѾܳԶһǰ񱼡
ҶаЦҲ׷ȥƵ߽ӣͷš
ǧŴ󲽼ʱʱĻͷȥܺû׷ǲиͣɽȥҸεĵطܱܷͷ
һֱɽͷǧͣ½ŲŴʱλһСɽ֮УɽľïʢżߵĹľʺϲ
˼ǧҵһƫƧĽ䣬һعľ
Ƭ̣ͻȻ·ЩԾüһ壬æȡһ͸ľԵķ϶Զ˿׷Ͻ¿ӻ
սСϣͻƨϴһʹͷȥֻһֵָĺҧƨϡ
ǧһȹҲûü㾪ŵĳ˹ľԡû㱻䵽µȹӰ˽ţǰ˵
ǧûſڵϡء˵Ҫ൹ùж൹ùϸУò˳۵ļһУһﾹȻǸ޳ܵ˳ΪҲΣʱ̿г·Ϊ˾ǣȴĸ졣ոսϻֱ߸ҧˣڿɺãСǶסˡ
ǧ޵ϴһϤ
ôˣƨϿޣأȻҶѾϵֳҲǧѩ״ƨϵӡ
ҶǧĴӵ𣬻æȹӡ
ոҿǰ͸ĴƨӡòǱҧ˰ɣҶЦʵ
ܣǧ
Ҷʼ絭Ȼ˵ҲŲأոҿǱҧĵطѾһƬˣҪ˶ã͵غˡ
ǧɫ䣬ִ
޸ͣҶҲûãǸϽ֮ǰ°ɣһŮ֮ĻȻ˴裬ǿѾķϣһǻġ
ҲȾңˡǧһ߿һҶధ
ҶⲻΪⱻҧ˺ֻΪӺɷӦġǣ㱻ҧĵطƨϣôˣôµ˿أ
磬ˣ㶼ҪȾҰǧ
ҶҡͷεȻ˿ధּΪôļȣðɣҾΪѵپһɡ
лллл硣ǧлʮԾ¿ӣʱҪﻹ˵ôࡣ
ڵſ°ɡҶԸ
ŶǧӦһڵſ
ǧǽϸ۵ĴƨɣҶ̿ˮٿмһĨ죬һƣֹɱǧĴ裬ÿζӺ¡ϸ룬Ůÿô죬Ҳ˵ÿŮٶаٷ֮ʮĸģԾҲûʲô֡
ε̾˿ҶҲֻܹؾصĸѾͷˣȻɲȥֱԪ˳
ҲͶ̶̼ӣҶɲɵôչƳǧƨ϶ࡣ㲻ܸ£ôҲÿͣ׬ϱ
ǣһϵĶͻȻһͣȻԪܡ
ֻᡱһ죬һﭵذײԪϣԪ͵һâ֡


721 
ҶȻվŹϮķȥذ׵ԼԷܹϢǱеʵȻס
ܿ죬ǰƬľһһµԾߵΪڵӡ
£Ԫ廹δѣΪܵƣ״̬£ҪԸǰڵĶֻЩֵġ
˳֣ǧϽӵ𣬻ŻŵĽȹӸ
ǧƳһۣתҶĿȥ䳰ȷСӣ治Сǵ͵ŮҲ͵
Ҷüͷһ༥ϼһԼûŮˣѲɾͼñ˸ɣ
ߣǿϻ˵Ҫ͸Ͻ뾵˵˵ҶֻҪҶܹԹԽ뾵ҲԸð佻֡
ҶЦһ˵ⶫȻҵǻûȥ𣿵㣬Ҫ͸ϽҪȻĽļա
ⷬԻǧѾʶΣգϽû
ʱҶȻû˼ȥŮˣѴӺڲȡ˾׵ȻԷǧĸˣȻܱԼ͸ߡ
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˵ɳȥײһ׳ϡԭҶ컹ʤ׷ǽǣײɵɲǣ˾١
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Ҷһֱɢ״̬ܿ㷢ߴҲһٽ˦׳ö롣
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ᡭֱ
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ҶߺһмνҲֻǵСѣѵõСүҡȻҪСү䣬غˡ
ҲԭʵΣǱɵġ˵
Ҷ첻ΪȻţ˭ᣬһ˵ҶӣһʺһιģŲ
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ԷԵЩͷˣٴպûҶ׷ǲٿЩ֦ҶϮȥ
Щ֦Ҷʼʩ˦׳ʮöӭ
һ֮𣬲δȫݻ֦֦ͻ谭ҶϮȥȻЩɫϢͬǿ֦Ĺ
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ءһ£󲿷֦Щ©֮ײҶԪϣԪܵ轵֡
ǰľҶвҪٲ취ͻǳܡ
Ƭ̵ĴϢʱ䣬һɨΧЩľȻϵɢɫϢȻЩľά
Ҷа⣺ȻΧĲľάţôֻҪЩľݻ٣жϴԴӦþͿԲˡ
ٴηƣҶʩչײڱܿ߹ƵͬʱֶΧĲľ˴ɨ
һʱ֮䣬Ƭľ׵ըɻ̿Ŵ׳ĴҲҶӲϣһƬǼ
ҶϣЩľݻ٣еɫϢҲ֮Чڼ»ûãΪʧȥԴ󳹵ױ
ݻٴҶ߳Ҳ̫ͼ˰ɡ
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Ҷûٵ飬ʩչײչơ
߾ٽ񵲣ػ֮£ˣҶʤ׷߽ڽڰˡΧɿԶȫɢʧּƣûŶã㱻Ҷ칥˷ſڵء


722 ϷŪ
Ҷߵ߸ǰһŲؿڣͷЦ㿴Ҿ˵ֻᴵţɣ
ߴŴһĵСݣ
ҶЦһ˵֪ҺѾˣѹˣԼνԣԿǰǾȡ
ߣҪɱɱôϻԴһƲһӡ
ԭ뱾ĳһȻôҵȻֻ·ˡԱϣҶһӣĨߵĲӡ
ɱߺҶӴȡһŴţһ߻һǶ孹Ҳ̫ˣ֪ҪƷ񣬾ͽӶΪΪݴ£ҲֻܶɱЩǼ˿ѹˡ
ǰߵ꣬ҶĿǰѾռ쾳ǿ꣬ȲԾȥʵϵܣĿǰͷѾ쾳ˣǲǿԿʼƷأ
ԾصֻҪһԿʼƣֻĿǰԪ廹ڳ˯״̬Ȼõ˲ܿˡ
⵹ҲǡҶӦ
ԾЦŵ٩ҶСѣ̶̼ձռ쾳꣬ǵʱҲûĺ
ƨӸаᲢۣеν顣Ҷûʵر
Ծ粵ҶСѴԲӣҵ޵ǹؾصʿҶСôͳаأ
˵ƻʬĵѾаˡҶĵ
ԾǺЦ˵ĻҶСΪλҪѧϰаأ
ĵȻа񣬲ڲֳͬЧҲǲһġִаֻ֮аȥҽᣬɱ˷Ż𡣶լʺˣаΪ£Ϊ˳ͶơҶƤ˵
ҶСƤ±Щ޵ƤҪ˰ɣԾЦʵ
ҶӦҵϣôͿԶһˡ
Ǵǧ䲻УһӣǵһμҶСˡԾ޷޵˵
ˣ㳶ˣϸһø·ء˵ţҶйԪָԲȻ̸С
Ƕ˿ڵĶĳУǶвΡüĻŦ۹⾰㲻࣬ҲΪء
񹬾λеĵشҶ첢δǰ񹬣ǴڳƼ죬ȸԪ֮ж
ִѾʱ֣Ҷ˸羰£Ů϶Ĳһ͡
Թ緹ڴп·ЩΪŮ۵ľͻǰڨ˳㿫͡
ⲻĿѾ׼һλϴɫ£Žţп㣬ľףŮӡǰкˣãôôɣڴҲײ
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Ҽһܺõģôܻϴء˵ڱսһ˵ˣÿһλҶǵرĵһ¼ֻءҶ϶˵Ϊ˵ñȽ죬·˷׷ײĿ
·ǵĹĿ⣬Ůߺ죬üͷҶŭ˵˵˵ҲʶǸӣ
װˣڱ㲻˵úҺҪҪҪڳԸĨˣͷˣҪû˵ȸӦһź룬ҪǲϣͰѿǵֶ֤ҶаЦ
·ǶúղѣŮ߳ŭŭҪٸҺ˵ҿɾͲˡ
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㣡Ǹ쵰ŮӺݺݵҶһۣƿ󲽳ǰȥ
ҶȴƤĸϣʵҪȥأȥϰ˵ǰƬԱǸùϰɣƬָߣںöŮԼԴһа
Ůղѣͣ½ŲͷҶ쾯Ҫٸңҿɾͽˡ
ô˵ɾ̫ˣǶй֮ˣòôɡ˵ҲǹҪ㣬ֻɺ˳·ѣȥ㹤ǼҰƬ˾ȥӦƸԱأͿԺͻˡҶ˵
ŮӶ˵ȡֻһ룬绰ͨýĵ˵װģأһأϽɡ
ֻӵŭģϹҵҪĸĻ쵰ӵŮҲǡ
ҵ̻ſڡŮӻش
ãϾ͵Сӣɱˡ˵űҶ˵绰
ŮֻȻҶ죬ȻʵҪĶأŰأ
ҶüͷΪȻȥģҾ͸ģֻҪڻߣ㱻ͷҲĸԸ
ǺãҾ㣬㵽㱻ͷΪֹŮ˵űߵ·ߣһʯ
ҶǰŮӱ£Цʵãոմȥ绰Ŀһãʵһ˾㹻ˣκҶġ
㾡˵ɣû˵ˡŮȻ˵
ҶǺЦýпգҪҼұݣдսٻغϣ
ŮûдҶ죬ԹԵİֻ
ҶʵãŶأŶˣǶ˲졣ý촩ʲôأòỹǼɫߵİɣǿʽΪӰġ
ҶϲĽţŮȨû
ûãһɫڵĳееҶŮӸǰһɲ̥Ħ̶졣
ĺѾͷˡŮֻվȥ
󱼳Ŵ򿪣һ
һﴩһװģòҪж󣬲ߺģڶ˹Ѿǳˡ
һ³Ůӱ˽װģôôأ˼ҶҪ۸ˡ
ҶһԿòѸղųµķ³
ҲûοŮӣֱָҶ죬Ůʵո˵ľС쵰ɣ
ŮӵͷţװģҪҺúýѵ
ҶվʵãλǰἰǸѿִ³ļһɣ
Ҷ⻰üͷһ壬һɵŮӿȥʵ⻰ʲô˼
ŮӸϽװģϹ˵ں˵˵ء
Ҷ˵˵ãôôأǰǶʱĭ罺ᡣ㲻ǻ˵Ҫ˫˫ɣԸڵԸΪ֦
㣬ں˵ʲôأŮ


723 Ϯ
Ҷּ˵֪ΪƲˣûǮˣҵ̬ҲԽԽ䵭ˡǰ㻹˵Ϊ˶̵ǮܺҹϺӣ˴ȴңۣ˵㲻ţھȻ»ҡλֵܽãǵǸ
ʱΧѾһЩΧ۵·ˣҶⷬǷ׷Ůָ
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ŮӼѲɣæ͵װģҪңЩƾģҸͲʲôӡ
Ҷ̾ϢãҲ֪Ϊ˰࣬Ҳˡǣ㶼尡ѵˣ˵Ҫȥ̣ҿóеĻȥ˴Ĥ޲ҪǵûңнĻԻ𣿡
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쵰ҸƴˡŮӼҶȥǷĸƵġ
ѽãлú˵ѽҶһ߽£һŮӡȻƵĲλǺнģŮؿڵλַ֣ΪһǳԾ˶
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ҶæοãǸ˳ôʲôĵģҸ£
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Ҷ̽ץסŮӵаЦʵҵף𣿡
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Ҷ㶣Ҳûпһ̽Ůӵ죬
ǼϷˣŮһ߼ţһҶ֣Ҷ־һһͷš
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ҶͣϵĶŤͷȥѾԹԽִŮ˳ЦǺǵؽ͵壬һڸء
ŮѸ㵽󣬿ߵ죬쵰ңһҪ֮Է
ȻŮĨֻװģѡ
һᾯæοС㣬ģһֻعġ
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Ҷһ޹ر壬ԩʵģҴӻʼֳ̨áԭѾ˼۸񣬿֮󣬻þȻ֧һԪСѣôԵˣôܻ޻ҪءԣҲûӦõҪ󣬽ͱ˵ҷǱԩ
ŮֱҧҶŭȵ쵰˵˵˵ţλᾯĸ첲磬˼ҲŲʲǫ̂á
ᾯ˿ĭҶָ֤ոڷλС㣬ϻôڿ֤Ʊ硣
Ҷ˫һ̯ΪȻðɺðɣǰզ˵զ˵ҸҪ˷Ѵǽôࡣ
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Сӣܲ𣿲֪ܲһ𣿡ᾯѵ
ҶЦ𣿿ϧץңӼк𡣡
춼ǷŭѣΪ꾯ᾯԸȥ
ǣᾯӦһȡһҶȥ
Ҷ쵹ǺԾ˫֣һɱιеӡ
Էôϣᾯ쵹һߵҶǰҪҶϿȥɾʱҶͻȻֶֿ̽㿽ס˫֡
ͬ־ǸɶأôԼˣҶЦʵ
ᾯһҶٶ̫죬û̡
Ǹ꾯쵽Ǿḻ֣ܿ췴ӦϽСӲ򵥣һϣƷˡ
ǣһҶȥ
أճ嵽Ҷǰɳȥ֮ʱѾʡ¡
Ǳס˫ֵᾯع۾㣬Ϯ
ǰҲϮ߾С˵ţҶ˦űᾯȥ
أı£ǾʱŤ˫һ̱ڵأֻֽ¡
Ҷǰ£аЦʵ˵Ӽأ
ᾯ춼ʹÿҪˣﻹ˵
ŮӺΧ۵·˶ĿɿڴȲ˵һ֣ҵϮѾϹ˵ѺϽˡ


724 Ϸ
ҶûǵùļһվŮȥ
Ҷ쳯ԼŮӾֵȴһ춼Ҵ򣬸Ѿ޷ˣ˭֪ʲô
ҶЦοñ£ҴŮ˵ġ
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Ůӱŵû£ҲҺһ
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ʵҲˣЩʻϱɲͣ£һȫװӳ
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ҶЦһΪһҾκβ𣿡
Ҷ׼ֽдɨ֮ʱٴ𣺡ˣҪͬѾǸץסˡ
Է⻰Ҷʱһ㶣Լͬ飬˺λ˭
ѵıǸץˣҶаͬʱҲԼ⣬ûнΰȫʹĿĵء
ܿ죬һĳŴ򿪣αѺ˳ϱ˽޷˵ֻܷ
ǺΣҶüͷͷӿŭ⡣
Ҳ뿴ʲô̰ɣҪ͹ԹԽ뾵Щ˵ҪĻǶ
ҶɢһɨЩĽƣȻ޷þ̽⵽ڲ
ȻԷܾôϺϺЮ뾵һʲôֶΡ
ʶһ㣬ҶûϾεǺġȻҪð뾵ҲǲԸġ£żΪֻ֪ҪԼû뾵ԷһɱΡ
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Ҷ侲˵ȻǲԸϵĽƣǱ˵һЩﰵʲôֶΡû׼һ뾵ֻʹʲôµĻԣһǾʽףҵͬ飬ӦҲҵĿԵġʵô˵ҲֻΪ̽ԷķӦԷҪԺβȻðճ֡
ҶⷬЩƺҲЩˣû𣬲һЮźεȴǽϵĽ˺
˺󣬺ңң
Ҷ㶣ЦǺǵ˵ãҲ㣬Ǿҽ뾵Ҳһ޷ȫԣҲֻˣģԺÿĽ죬ҶմֽǮġ
䣬ȴͻȻ첽ȥ
ϷԵһĻֳ֮£ʵԵЩϳ
κܿܵҶǰɾɲǣͻȻֳһֵͲߣѸٰϷһأһİ׹⼤Ҷ켲ȥ
׹ٶȺܿ죬Ҷ컹ǼʱԪܣΪз
ᣡ
׹⼤Ԫϣһ죬Ԫ΢΢һɴԿ׹Ĺкܴ
Լ͵Ϯʧܣˡ
ҶһЦ⼿δҲʹ̫ûˮ׼ˣ𣿡ʵڸղźȵʱѾ˶ߡԺεԸ񣬾õϣҲῪȵġ
˻صǰҡһ䣬ǱһŮˣֱϷ֮ȻͬΪԷδĨκζȫȫı˺ε
Ҷüͷһ壬ѿڵߣʵҲʮֿ϶²⣬ΪǰЩ߶̺ǿǰŮȴ˿ȻҲųʹĳʵ
ŮһźȻ򿪣һӰȰ˳
Ӱ죬ûҶ췴ӦѳǰҶֻ׹ͬʱԪһᡱ졣
ӰӸǰһʮԶֳͣΡ
Ҷһ۱ϳһϴڵʵҳֹǸӵмٶȵߣʱǳˡ
ٿһ⽣Ȼ֮ǰǸαװεʹõһ⽣һ׹ֵͲֻ׹Ⲣδ죬Ǿάһ׳ȣһҲ֪һƳĳҲǽҶ൱ɻ䡣
ο׼˲ٵĽĿ˵ЩСϷҲֻǵСˡ˵䣬Ҷѽ׵ȡ˳
ǳٴγ֣ҶһʩչײЩȥȰЩСϺɨɾ
ɾ嵽ǰʱǰͻȻϮһҵ쫷磬ӲˡͬʱѴӺϮ
ҶѸٻӵɨȥȻһֻᡱԪܵι׵ɨ֮ʱѳˡ
ҶûȥߣĿעǰմӾһŮӡŮ̺ǿȻҲһߣոǹɾӦþģɴ˿Բ²⣬Ӧһϵߡ
Ůͬ⽣Ƭ̣ŮӵĳѻȻƮͺܵ紵һ㡣ţӰһΣԲߵٶȳҶ졣
ŮӳͬʱǳҲӺ󷽳Ҷлȥ
ҶѸٻ辪׵ӭǰŮӡ
ŮûҶ潻棬ӲŲסǳߵĹѾϮҶԪϡ
Ҷƣ⽣ĹѾ쾳ǿߵʽȻһ»޷ݻԪܣνٳɶ࣬ҪǲӦԲԣñ˸ĥӲݵĺ
Ƭ˼뵽ı뿪ֻҪӵܼ֮أ˵ٶȱȻơ
ûٳɣҶʩչײװİΧȦȥǳƺҶͼҶǰ
߾ԲҶĶ֣ԣҶĽŲû˿ͣͣǰȥͬʱľ׵ǰĳߡ


725 ս
ǳҲûҶԿԷӵܡ
˳ߺҶЩʿİΧȦȥǾΧȦ֮ʱŮǰ
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Ҷôһ˵ǧίķ
Ҷ˵ӴȡһԪֶȻȥ


729 ж
λеĵشձ֮һǶ孻ҵŲڲд౦Ϊ֮һĲҲڴˡ
һ񹬱һƬïܵĴְΧţƬֹľ죬ԼĪ19ƽףǷֲһЩС磬Ĵ񹬱ݣбڴ˹֮ڡ
ϡƯżƬƣɴһ㣬ԲµС֦Ҷҡҷ졣һָּׯµϢ񹬡
ڶ孹ӵĿУ񹬾һʥַʥأǽգսһʷǰ
Ҷ촩ڴ֮䣬ֱĴ񹬱ݶȥ;֮ûܵκ谭˳񹬱ǰ
񹬱ݱĳֽƣ޷þ̽УΧཨھδٲ䣬Ҳ˵жӦö֮ڡ
Ҷڱǰͣ˽Ųž׵ȻעǰׯϵĴš
òҶµӦ֪ҹˣòŶزصģϽɡ
Ҷ컰䣬һɻޱȵĴ֮Աӿɴ֮ͷϿʮ׸ߴ۳ţ罾һ
Ҷüͷһ壬ȻͺϴһЩҫ£ԸоԪóٻԭǰڵʵƺѾǡ
ڹ֮ʣݵĴŻȻ򿪣沢ûбӿǧֻм򵥵ˡ
֮һףɣɿǰմߣͷҲմͷųġ
֮⣬Ҳ뷢԰׵ߡ
Ϊ߾£ߵʦķͷ⿴֪һߡ
߶һٷӦö񹬵١
ΪҲմػ񹬵ȻŷմĽͽϵҲ˵йɢǵʵҲá
ͷһԪ٣֮£ʵﵽԪ硣ڿޣȻ޷˵ʵԪ磬ҲԪԲټΪ׵ҲӵԲΪֳ治Ӧ
ȻҶԼʵǺĵģֻҪϣȫԽЩơ
ҶƽɿȥǳЦϼһϴӹһѣû뵽㾹ȻϴҶֻǼ򵥵ķסʵѨλǵʩչŵѨַĻɾûôͻˡ
һߣ˵Сӣ湻ӲģȻҲûܽƷҿΪƺµ࣬컹ҹ
ҶǺһЦȻԵõ˵մͦģ̶ֳֻȵκβСүҡ˵ǿ׻űѹЩǰôҲװװƣԱˡ
ʱΪ߿ʵ˵Ϊң
ҶĿתΪߣӶԷһУȻܲ³ݣô˵Զˣ
ƽػشûҾɽͷԶۡ
ΪɽĶ֣Ӧ֪鳤￡۵ɣҶֱӵʵ˴ðǰ񹬣ҪҲΪ˴￡۵䡣
ǽ֮ˣ֪鳤кãԶƺѾ϶Ҷ콫ڴˡ
ҶҲͬгЦһòŲģ˽ǣ㾡ܸҺ￡۵ǡ
Ҷⷬ߰ĻɲмСӣмＸѾһˣлֱΡ
ɺҶйһν֣ϴνֵԷʽǸ󷨡ҲǿǵǸ󷨵ɲŽΪԪµȫ񹬡ǸȻɱЩͽ٣ǶԸ߽ƺʲôãҲֻܸѡ
ҶüͷһȻ˵ʵɣϴСүֻӳʮ֮һʵҪȻƾǼܵҡ
һСӣԸ첻Ҫ̫ҡİüͷЦ
ϵͷ˵òŸ˵ֱӽնɱǡ
ԶҲٵ飬ԸһְɣսپñٻĽ
˴Ӧһͬ򣬽ҶΧ
ɿմҶ󷽣ͷһѴ󵶣ҲİüͷֳǰԶۣһߣȻһߵ
ĸʵǿĶ֣ҶûҴ⣬ѸٳԪܣֱӽ˳
֮ʱȫΧ˽¶ɫȻǶòιӵżֲҲǿ̶ȣֱϢͷ޾Ŀ־塣
ʱ˿̣ﻹٻҶ֮ǰǷ˵Ϊȷʵʮ֮һ
ֵ飬ҶЦ޻˵˰ɣ
û뵽㾹ȻֶΣǻǵ͹㡣Զɫص˵û˿֮⡣
ҶȻҪǺµĻͶüһȫʬġ
ߣ︨Ҳδʤǡɲʾ
ʱҲǰüͷͻȻЦСӣٻֻòֻ˵İɣ
ҶҪüͷһ壬ȻŤͷԵȥֻȵıһ㣬ڽڻЩɫƵ
һĻҶ͵һ⣬Ҳ֪״һܵӰ졣
ԶƺҲʶһ㣬ԭص齥չֻٻֻƺӲˡ
ɵ˵аȻ⵽䡣
ҶкȻԭ˴ж̣£Щ֮ܵĿƣԷӹЧˡ
ӾڻҶϽջ£ʧȥĸҲֻ˫Ԫ״̬Щˡ
ջҶСٻ֮£ûСݵԮⳡ̿ɾ͸ôˡ
СݶУƻףϿնʱܲ
ΧĸͷҲûţҶٻС֮ʱǸж
ɸ߾մߣҪʩչӰͷۼ׼ΨǰԶ۳ֵ
ҶĿǰ״̬ȻԲӲƴʩչײܿԶ۵Ĺͬʱаľٻ


730 ս
зĲҶγɷķҶҲ̤ʵЩ
ԶԶһգֵٶ˳
Զ۵ĳٺ˵ϲ̨棬Ҷϸոм֮ɫһ룬Ȼһ䡣ֻոջԶʮ׿ԶۣһǰԶ
ڴڼ䣬Ҷûʩչκζƺ̴ԶܹġӾһжȻɣû˿Υ͸Сϸһ룬ܾЩŤٶô̶˲嵽ǰأѵʩչĳ۷Ҷгɡ
¿ɲǳԾʱԶ۵ߵѾ̵ǰҶæʩչײɽΪǣԶ۾Ȼ˱ײٶȣӺ󷽽׷ĶȻٻٶȴǿ档ҶͷԶ۽ϸȥܿ㿴˶ߡ
ʵԶ۲δʩչκ۷ֻ˽µ΢ŲƣʵٶȵӾìܡɴ˿ԿӦһϵߣٶ˿Щݵ֮
Ȼ˶ԷϷҶ컹޿κΣԪޣײٶҲӦܵӰ죬ŶԷԼٶȣпࡣ
һαײܿԶۼҶҲֻٴʩչײܡܵͬʱδţǾ˫ֽӡʩչСȻС޷ǰãԼΪ쾳ͬʱԷٵʵ
Ҷӡ׼Сʱ򣬰üͷͷĹ׼ɣüͷٽҶ췽մ̳һ׽â뽣Ҷ켲ȥͷǸ߾ҫĴ󵶣Ҷһâ
˵ĹƶޱȣҶʩչűײڿ֮Уɻûܱܿ
ᣡ
â͵âһһײҶķķϣܻķĽâһȫ
ոյɵĳӰ׼ɣͳӰȻϮ£ȻӰҲǱ޿ɱܵġ
Ҷڽӡ׼СԸû취ֿӰҲֻ÷ķӲ
䣡
ӰȻڷķϣײķĽâţ˲䰵֣һɺķ˷Ĳٵ
˵ĹҶڸٴγ֮ǰС׼ɡ
ͼļһ֮¶գչ漴ͼк£зȫС
СҶʵ˲ǰڣײٶҲ˼֣˦ǽ׷Զˡ
ʩչСҶĸԪдָ̾ͬʱȡ׵׼չ
սΪ͵֣ҶĿѾǸͷ֮оΪ͡
û˿ɣʩչնͷϮȥ
һԷϮͷϽٵӭ
̫ƽʢһٷսңЩٶûʲôʵս飬ʽҲʮֵҶ˫ȾѪĶ֣ȻóԿ
ᣡ
׵ͷĴ󵶽ʵʵײһ𣬾׵״ţЩ񱩵ͷĴ󵶿ӿȥ
ͷĵ˼ܵϮֵֻ΢΢š
ҶҪʤ׷ȻԶѴӺΣֻתĿ⣬ʩչնǸüͷϮȥ
üͷʵͷǿ˶٣ͷҶ콻ƺ˿ӣûҶӲƴӽϮһâˡ
Ҷӵâּüͷɳ˼ͻȻԼƺԭ̤ͷһֽµĵĽŲŤţȻһԶ۸Ĺ
ʱԶѴӺ׷ߵ޻εҶȥ
Ҷæӵ񵲣ɽǣԷĵ;ͻȻһתƹ˾׵ķķϮȥ
䣡
ߵڷķϣķʣֺķ˽롣
ҶæʩչһԾգһԷϵҲͷӲˡ
ڰסƺҶӸµĿŵϵԶۣƵٺ٣û˰ɣб·ҧҰ
ԶȵߣΪ㵽ϣҾû취𣿡Աϣӣ˫һµĵ°ݼ֡˫ȵֱݵĵʱĵһȻԶ˾Ƶмȥ
ҶһɣϽ̤ƣ㿪Զ۵ĳҺԶڿ޷ŽҶЩ
ܿԶ۵ĳҶҪͷɵĳӰٴ׼ɣǾͳӰɽһͷѹ¡
أ
ҵĺ£Ҷʯӿ׹£䡱һײڵϣǵײ÷ˡ
һķְ࣬Ѿ֧Ų˶á
غҶû˿ͣʩչһԾУԶ۾һ㣬ٴθ߸ԾٽϮҶæƶ
ţĿתͷû˿ɣնʩչ
ͷҲѧüͷķʽӵһâͬʱ󷽶
ҶûòķķܵâҲֻñնâ
â֮ʩչײͷ
ͷֻεľٵ񵲡
ᣡ
ײ֮£ͷĵˣĳ֮£һ£ҶһնֵͷϮ
ͷۣ¶֮ɫɾ֮ʣµĵͻȻһŲҶıն˸աȻԶۼʱ־ͷ
Ҷüͷ壬Ҫٶ׷ԶѾӲֻεһݻؿС
һغϵĽҪɱԷκһ˶֮£ķڶԷѾĥټϴָ̾ٶȸϲСٶȣȥʮΣ
һ˼ǣҶջǾʩչף
ϴ׶ԸһѪǰ׹ǱɵģҲ˵ѰҺ￡۵Ψһжϡ
Ҷ쿴ҪʧһСҪãϾķʵ̫󣬶жϲʲô⡣Զ󣬺￡۱ȻѡµͷʱҲͲûˡ˵֯ǿޱȣĿǰʵ鵽֯ϢҲδԵ֮²һʱ
¾ҶϽССһȺķѾӵ˫ԪҲûһ֧Сһʩչס
С𣬸ԪҲֹͣд̾ȫĵͶ뵽ʩչ׵Ĺ֮С
һâϵĴӿе׵ϴ£ҶĻۡ


731 ʤ
Ҷǲ϶ڼԶʶҪӣҶԪԾɲٿ壬ɱܿĹ
ԶƵģϱ£Ҷʮ׸ߴȫɱܿϮ
ˣ׼ʽ
Ҷв̳׽ɽϣҶѳԹףϴںҶԸһѪʱһμʶ׵
⼸ʩչ׵һԱȣԷ֣ϴζԸһѪʱʩչ׵ٶƺ׽ɽϻҪ켸֡Ҷ²⣬ӦСݵĹͣȻСڻ׽ɽǰŨСҶ֮伸ͨġСڻױҶãˣʩչ׵ٶҲ͸ˡ
ϴʩչ׵ľҶаո֮ǰ׼ɡ
ûãе۳ԴСȻȻͣͷȴֹͣ
ԹʼٶȲ
˶ѲҶɢĿֲԶøˣĽû취߿յҶ칹ΣգҲ׼ʽ
Ƭ֮󣬰üͷʽһ׼ɣѸپٽ̳һâҶ켲ȥ
⽣âٶȣҶɴöˣɽâϮڷķϡ
أ
һ޹⡣
ڰüͷĹº󲻾ãɵĳӰ׼ɡ
ҶԾûжɳӰ
䣡
ػ֮£ķ˳ӰĲڳױݻӰʣּϮҶԪܣǡᡱһԪ͵һâ
ºҶ԰ΪԪĿǰԵͷĹ
һ㣬ϵҲ֪Ҷ׵ɢĿֲǽв
ǰΣԶɫޱأƬ˼ٴԾҶ졣
Զ۵˻ҶͬɵĺƶǾԶۼ˿֮ʣ·ͻȻ͹һ׮Զ۽̤׮ٴξٽҶȥ
ҶûϵԷôһ֣ܿ췴ӦܣվûȫܿԷĹԶ۵ߵҶԪһȻ湥ɶҶ˵Ȼһ
Ԫһ֮£ЩĿǰʣѾԵֵͷĹ
ҶԼĲöԷлɳã£ѾûлͷأֻӲͷƤ׼ȥ鷢չֵزõĽ¾ǺĸͷͬھȻǰǳͷһ󣬻ʩչס
ĸͷԭ¶ϲɫҲԷϵԪѲԵֵͷĹڿͷһⳡսˡ
ʱҶе׵ѾСȭͷСĴŨīֻҪٹƬ̾ͿȶǣҶ˵ƬȴΪͷѾһ׼ɣдɫĵâ뵶ϮҶ졣
һ̣Ҷ۾ס˺׵ûȶһıѣȱըĿ϶Լ˾ʮԶû׼ӹһ١
ۿŵâԶԶϮɾΣʱ̣Ҷǿհ׵ͻȻһͷ
û˿ɣæӺڲȡ뾵Ƶǰ
âգۼײڰ뾵ϡһ룬ϵЦⶼˣΪǵ׵â뾵ȫ˽ȥ
Ľȫ֮еģ뾵մıԷĵâ۶ɵģȻܱ뾵ա
µâĹƺҶЦ뾵Ȼŵĸͷ˿̣ĸͷһС·ֻ趯ָܽ
ϼһǣȥմȥɣҶһȻ׳ǿ׵ŵݺȥͬʱʩչײ󷽳ˡ
ǿֲ׵Ϯ˺ܿعǼԶվûüӳ׵ĹΧ
䣡
춯صľ𣬱ըĴޱҫ۵İ׹⣬âƬաһȦۿɼİɫ˼۳͵âɱըĴѸӿ֮ľͽԱշɷĩ
һ̣ڲ羭һһ㣬񹬵ЩݵĲ飬Ǿ״
µһĻֻƬ̣׵ĹѾƬ֮ɭľͽѵȻ޴档ԱըΪĵķԲ׷Χڣһʮľ޿ӣӶâĿġ
ֳ棬ҶѼʶһΣûдС֡ȷĳ䶨ӶĴϿգɢһɨܿҵЩͷʬ塣ȻЩͷ׵Ŀֲ£ǻǱը˽̿Ǽʱ˱ըĵ㣬ʬ޴档
ЩʬһһɨҶüͷȻһ壬Ϊֻ̽⵽ʬ塣ʱ󷽿ӶͻȻһӰֳߵҶ챳ȥ
ҺҶľɢ״̬ڶԷɲǣѲɱܿ˶ԷһͻϮ
Ӱһ˿ص棬ȻԶۣظղ׵ը֮ǰʱݵ˵ص£Բѡ
ŴԶۣҶЦϼһ湻ģӹһ٣⵹⡣ȻԶۻûôѰҺ￡۵ҲͲˣҶ˵ΪĽ֡
ԶŭŷһֻҰһ㣬ͷݺݵĶſеҶ죬·Ҫȥ˺ҧƬ
ԸԶۣҶҪԳ֣ٻ˳ΪǸɢĹڱը֮бݻ٣ҲͲܵӰˡ
һһſµԶ۸ȥ
Զߵͷ
ᣡ
ߵȷе˵ӦǱߵϸŵɫϢµġİ繥£ߵϵϵţۿľԶۻæˡ
ǳʤ׷ٶȣȻԶܶܵġٶϮԶֻٴξߵֵ
ǡᡱһߵϲдϵܿľЩľֱӴ͸ߵԶͷ¡
Զ˫ֵĿ£ͷδ̵̫ûغֳ˻Զܴȥ
ҶԶԣջȻԶ㼸£סļʡ


732 
ԶۺҶֳ߽ڵʬȥ˵ȫսЩһﶼӵΪƷľѲϡ
ЩҶԶ׼ȥͻȻ뵽﹩񽣡ɢһɨ۾һǰʮԶĿϣһߵĳбڵϡ
Ǿ׵ĺɳٸ̺ǿжϣӦþǲˡ
ҶֶԶۣ첽Ųȥ
뾵ͬǣ񽣵Ҫ࣬ǲþ̽Ļߵ丽Ҳе
ҶС񽣱ϣ´һȦԾ˵ϵܣҺѾҵˡ
ŶƺûʲôǿڡԾɻ
ѽֻʹþ̽õҶ͵
㿿ûӿ𣿡Ծʵ
Ҷ캹յûС
Ծ˵ô˵Ǵ˵ǼٵˣֻǰѲǲ񽣡
ҶɢԲףص¶̽һ飬ڣ˵Ѿըƽ౦ﶼѻپΨѽ񹬵Ļǿ϶ˡ˵Ҳᱻ׸ըٵĻҲûʸΪˡ
Ȼˣ£Ծ
ϸòҲʩʲôɣԹ뾵ĿͷҶѾЩˡ
ԾΪȻʲô㲻˵˾һ¡
Ҷúգû뵽㵹ͦ
ٺ٣ҶСѹˣʵһͦġԾƤ˵
ǰⱲӶûôˡҶĵ
ҶСͱ¿ˣǸϽѲɡԾߴٵ
ãҶƿ
ҶСƺ̫ðҺ˵ûõġԾ˵
ҶƵаɣ
Ծ룬شúҲûС
Ҷ캹ܣƲҿȫѹûŮԡ
ҼûŮԣҶСòʲôϵ𣿡ԾЦʵ
ˣϻԸ취ҶҲøƤļһﳶ
ǺðɣҶСɵСĵ㣬ѾͦӵˣǧʲôˡԾ
ѻ죡Ҷǳ
ԾԹԱͲ˵
ҶٽǰĲϸһ飬ӱϿ͸ͨûʲôұҲûʲôһǼЩĹŶ
Ƭ˼ҶԪܣȡ׵ϴδ뾵һСĽõ񽣴ȥ

׵ĵⴥ񽣵Ľ죬Ҳûʲôŷ
ҶŴ£ûκηӦ׵˵ѵûʩʲô䣿
²⣬ҶȻûֱȥ
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Զ۵ֺܿ촥˲񽣣ûκηӦ
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˵ţһָڲûӦһҲûʲôù˼ˣֱ񽣵Ľ˳
Ȼܵȴ쳣أҶ£Ƿġ롱죬ͺǻźʵĴһ㡣
Ҷֹѽôأжսʱʹã»Ӱ쵽ٶȣ֪עԪкЧ
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һ˿Ԫ󣬽ͽȻҫ۵İ׹⣬񽣾ǺڶƵģҶԪ
ҶͷһҪ֣ƾǱ񽣸סһ㣬ôҲ޷ɿ
ҶԲߣڵԪѾһɶʱϵҲ֮ʧҶһɣ񽣵ڵأᡱһ棬±ð޹⡣
Ҷ촭˼ڴֽԼһ飬Ԫ⣬ƺûʲô쳣ŷ
ʱԾʵҶСѣԪô˲ͺľˣ
Ҷʵ˵ոעһ˿ԪȻԪһɶˡ
д£ԾҲԲ졣
ҶֵȻûʩʲô䣬ҿҲ򵥡
ԾǺЦǵȻҪȻҲͲᱻˡ
ҲֻԺʱоˡҶε˵ţûֱȥ񽣣ǽٴԶ۵ȥ²Ԫʲô䡣Զ۵ȥûʲô쳣ֽ
񽣣Ҷ͸оֵɽһ㣬Ͻս䣬޷սȥҲֻܶڲ
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ʱƬɭַѾ˾ߣ⣬Χ˿ֵ񣬸̨ļҲѶӰֱֳ
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쿴߳ˣһк˵Ŀ⣬ֳӰľͷˢˢͶ˴ӷ߳ǸӰ
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ҶԶۣӷ߳ǰôӰԼϽͷѣͦţĳǰȥνͷɶϣͲңΪʮҪġ
ڿӰʱҶʮ΢ЦͬʱӰڳһΪ൱˧POSE
Ҷ쿿ЩǷ׷ӿŻͲָ⡣
ıը¼Ƿйأ
ŵʲôˣ
ǷĿ񹬱ը̣鷳򵥵ǲһ¡

Ҷɿɤӣ΢ЦŻش˵Ǳըƽģмǰ񹬣ҲǱģиһݹ͡Ȼòųݸ磬ΪֻǸ˵
˵ţʮǹΧ
𶯣־ΪһҶȵ
ҶŤͷΧЩɨһۣ׳ʮö룬оڵء
챻ɱΧŮӼΧ۵񶼾ȴЩҪļȻŻͲҶʶҶҲǣҡڵĳǰȥ


733 
ǧѾԼϴøɸɾһƯ˯¡ױǰžеԼٻױٵʵʱĵĳ˵㣬ԼǱ˸ǿˡ
Ĺģ˵ʵղµʱˬĸоǻζ
ǧױʱ򣬡ߵߵߵͻȻǧһع
˭˭ʵ
û˻Ӧǧüͷһ壬㲻شҲῪŵġǸһ
ʱǧҡ
ӦͬͬѧɽǧЩ죬ȷϵǼ𣿡
ǵġӦ
ǧƬ̣ǰȥţվŵɽ
˯µǧɽһʱ֮俴ˣһֱǧĴ氮⣬Ҳǧ׹ȴ⵽˾ܾδģͷǧڣҵͷһΡ
ɽһԵӣǧһ죬æʵô𣿡
ɽعٺһЦ˵ǧոҴǰƻţԾ˳㡣ôҽȥ𣿡
ǵԼ˯£˴ͣǧҽѵ춼ôˣ㻹ؼ˯ɣ컹ҪϿأ´лĻٹˡ
ɽתһ룬ЦʱأһߣҲѵõòҪҾ֮ɣ
Էѻ˵ˣǧҲʵڲپֻܾεشӦǺðɣɡ
ɽӦһ˷߽ܵ䡣
ݺɽһȦ޵ǧķ㰡
ǧţ˵Ůķ䵱ȻˣﶼǳζɣҸ㵹衣
ţɽӦһһ¡
ǧ˱裬ŵǰʵ㲻סдôôܵأ
ңúߵһѳҹ׼ȥءɽش
ô֪סأǧɻ
ϴٻ˵ġɽ͵
ŶǧӦ
˳ĬƬ̣ɽͻȻ̾ǧ㴩˯µƯ
ǧһ죬ͷ
ɽĿǧؿڴƬѩ׵ļ˿ĭ˵ǧҲ֪һֱϲ㣬ĳҪ㽻һλɡ
ӦѧҵΪأ֮£Ǳҵ֮˵ɡǧҲֻֽѡ
ɽЩɥϴҲô˵ģҾѧϰ£˵ϴѧѧҵֲأͲӰ쵽ѧϰǧǲǶʲôأ
ǧæ͵ô룬ʵͦģҲû˼ֻǡ
ǧ˵ȥɽͻȻԣץǧȻ㲻ңǾ͸һλɣһúðġ
㲻ҪǧҪֳأڶԷץ̫ôʹҲ޷ѣֻܽкץʹˡ
ɽѾǧòȥ˻ǣʧȥǣֱĽǧ˵ڵأŴ˵ǧҵŮ˰ɣҪʲôҶģκҪҶġ
ǧţſңòá
ɽýȥ˿̣ѾװаҪϧһдŮˡ
˵Ұһ㣬ȲĽǧؿȥ
Ҫſңſҡǧʹţţκβǰˡ
ֹͣĿ޺ţϾȻǿ壬˵ֱһΡ
ۿ˯¾ҪԷ³˺٣ɾʱһϤͻȻڶ
ϣͦ˵һˣѵոһûˬ
ͻɽĶͣŤͷȥȴﲻ֪ʱһİӣϹаЦﻹһˡ
㣬ʲôˣɽɵʵ
ڼСʱǰҾõϣ˵ʲôأҶƵЦʵ
ɽɫһ䣬üͷǧʵǧ˵𣿡
ǧû˵Ĭˡ
ɽŭɫȻۿҶ죬ݺʵѵǿжǧ£
ҶЦһ˵ҿǿеӦɣҿǾͬŸµġ
˵ǧôܻӦ㣡ɽʵ˵ǧǲԸѾҪҪǣʧȥɽĶˣǰҲð޹⣬ڣеֻǷŭǽǰ쵰ǧҲйͷ֮ޡ
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵ܼ򵥣Ϊұɫ㲻ң۳ҲңǷǲҡ˵ûҶѡ𣿡
ɽܵصĴԷ˵ЩƺʵվǰȷʵЩԲλࡣģľԼϲŮǰˡ
Ҫɱ㣡ɽŭһһӣҶݺȥ
Ҷ֣̽ץסӵһֻţЦ˵һ㣬Ҳҡ˵ţ̧ţݺɽȥ
أ
£ɽӣ˫ֽ£Ʋͨ졣
һĻǧæӵ˵ɽǰʵû°ɣô˵ҲͬѧһԷʣԼܲ塣
Ҷһߣ˵СӸղô㣬㻹ôòϲ˰ɣ
ǧüͷһŭҶ쿴ȥ£Ҳôصְ
ҶƲƲֻһŶѣأ
Ҫأǧʵ
أҶװͿ
ǧһ죬㣬˵أ
Ҿһ¶ѰҶش
һ£ôܻʹǧ
Ҷűǿףĵ˵ҲԸ̫ˣ£
㣡ǧԴһƲٴҶ죬ɽʵ㻹ðɣҪҪҰ򼱾ȵ绰أ
Ҷ˵ͱϹˣѾһȻӰǷ϶½պӦòɧˡ
ǧعͷºȵɧҵӦɣ
ҶʼĺˣҾԶɧˡ
֪ΪΣԷⷬǧôһ˿ʧ;ɥҲ鲻ԽĹ


734 ο
ǧĪĨᣬҶЦøò᲻߰ɣ
˭᲻ˣҺ޲ϴǰʧǧ߷˵
ʧӦһɡҶ쳯ϵɽ˳ֶԶۣȻǰɽǰӵ
Ҷɽ֣ǧæʵιأ
ȻǰʧˡҶڻش
ǧһʱˣͬѧ㣬ɱȻҶ콫ɽɱȻΪĵɽһҪԼԼȻѲϵ
ĺˣҪɱղһžͽˡҶһ˵ţһƿǰǧŷȥ
ſڣҶֱӽɽ⣬ȻŸ
治°ɣǧĵʵ
ĺˣ˵ġҶ˵
Ҷô˵ǧǲģҿһǰȵ绰ɡ
نŲҲѸ㶪ȥҶ첻ͷ
ιҵķ䣬ƾʲôô˵УĪ˽ǧָŵϵԶۣʵ
Ҷ˳ϵԶۣٺһЦ˵ͷɲʲôĪˣΪˣӦ˵ɽɣ
ǧ룬ʵɽ飿ĺڵ𣿡
ҲǰɣϼһɽĶ֡Ҷ֮
ǧһŵôΣյҼⲻǺ
ĺˣһġҶ˵
ʲô˼˵ҪҼɱˣǧﲻѡ
ҶͷȻ˵˼ɡ
ǧᣬֻðˣϽ뿪ɣҿɲǻ֣Դһ󣬸ֵùͽӶ
Ҷʲôڶɽûй鷳
ǵôҼءǧƵ
û취طҾʶ㣬ңĹϵѾͬѰˣ𣿡ҶаЦʵ
ǧһ죬ɬصͷ
ҶٺһЦȻߵԶ۸ǰӣץһһӦòҪˡ
ץҪʲôأǧվһԺʵ
¡Ҷһ˵ţһȡ񵤣ιԶ۳š
ûãԶ۱˹Щӡ
ҶʵϼһϽҺ￡۵䡣
ԶԴһƲǲ׼Թйˡ
ҶҲīȡһѻڤЦ˵㲻˵ҲûϵҾȳԵͷ˵ţֱӽѻڤԶ
Щôúø˵ǶӲúܣǵǳԵͷǲſ
ûãԶ۱ʹĲҽ
ԶʹģǧЩĲ̣ʵոιʲôأƵġ
ȻǺöˣҪԵĻҲԸ㳢ҶЦ˵
ҲŲҪǧƲƲ죬˵űһԴ򿪵ӡ
Ӹմ򿪣һϤ˳ǧһٶһŵĹȻǰ쵰
ǧɵʵôϵأ
Ҷ쳯￴˿ЦʵôҺϾɣ
ǧϽѹԶ۵Ĳҽ
ڲţߵĽٿƬǼĻ棬ǧӶĳۿˡ
㾹ȻȻ񹬸ˣǧŵҶʵ
ٺ٣֮ͶѡҶƤЦ
ӣǧŭΪˣȻҲԼĹС
ҶЦòôңЩӦģȻֻǿʼѣҴȥתһתþ͵ҵĺϢɡ
ǧ񺹲ѣңһ˼̨ɽڲ񹬱ٵţǣԾ͹˵ӡ
Ƕ뽫ΪˣȻе̨ҵӢ¼ҶЦ
㵽ʲôˣҪǹҸƻǧûʵ
Ҷüͷһʵ˵Ƕ孵޵Ул
лôôأǵĵǹҸƻһôɵ¡ǧ޺޵Ҷ졣
Ҷ˰ѺȻ˵˵ӣɵøˣ˿ɲǴлǶ孹ǹңклͬСҲлģǶ׹ƤռΪСЩӦõıӦҺǶ˵ҴлµЩͲֵһᡣ
˵ǧȻԼ孵Ľ̿ﶼѾɾЩԵʷ
Ҷһߣ˵Ųţǧ˹ٵǳԵͷ
Щ£ҲΪ˱𣿡ǧίͰ͵ʵ
Ҷ㶣˵Ȼ㲻ǶˣҲ㣬Ҫ־͹Լ˵ط
ǧвʣȴҲΣû˵ʲôһĬĬš
޵Ҷͬ飬̾˿ȰοʵҲòôģǶŵĹȣʲôĸͲҪ˵ҲǸôǮٸߵĴûôõĴҲˡ
ǧһˣִץҶµǮݺҶȥͬʱȵ㣬˭ϡĳǮ˵ʹ
ҶֽǮ£ЦǺǵȰúαҪǮȥأЩǮȻҸģǶģҪǲյĻǿ˷۱ˡ
ǧһѱһᣬǿ޺ǹԶ۵Ĳҽˡ
̶Ľ֣Ҷٸͷֻǧвãٿ޵ĻҿɾͲˡ
ǧǵûֹͣøЩ
ǣҶ˹ȥ
ԷԼǧȻֹסŵʵ㣬
ֻǿÿ޵ôģҪοοѡҶ컵Цߵǧǰ˫Ŀǧ
ǧվ𣬾ŵȴҡͷҪҪ
Ҷһܵǧ󣬴Ӻ󷽽ֻץǧɽ塣Ů˾Ȼûд֣ͷޱȣֱҶа
ǧʶļһţʾԵ£Ȼ͹ԵøСèƵģҲҲõҶİο
Ҷ˫֮£ǧӽҲ
Ů˵һֻҪйһΣͻ񫣬ղܡ


735 
ֵʱǰݣܹµľǸˡ
ǧţĬĬţԼܷôɶ񣬵ڱ̣ʱԼȴǰܡ
Ҫ٣ԼڰɡҶһߴſӣһ˵
ǧţû˵
ҶȻ㲻˵ҿɾˡ˵ţȡһǮǧϣ޳ܵ˵Ҳ޿ˣ˼ģڣǧ˲ݣľ˺ľҲ׬ôǮ
ǧݺݵҶ죬һҪ˵ģ
ҶʼЦ͵û˵ˡ
ٿ˿ڵѾҽеԶۣѻڤҩõ峿ʱֲܽǣҶǧ˵ãҪϢȻٴΣ
쵰ǧ
ҶٺһЦ˵Ůһ㶼ǿķǵģô˵ȴúܰɣ
˵ǧϵ
ѵĲٶ𣿡Ҷģ֣̌ʳָᲦŪǧ嶥ϵǿŷ۵СӣҡΪָעһ˿Ԫǧĸоܿͱ
һҹδߣһֱսʱ֡
ǧѾˣƣţɫ糺죬·Ĵʪ͸
ҶǾӣƯŮ˹£ǴսҹҲۡ
ϣԶѾֹͣҽУһڵϡ
Ҷ촩¿㣬ߵԶ۸ǰ̧Զߣȵϼһװ
Զ۳ĳƤ˰֮ɫ
Һ￡۵䣬һʹġҪǲ˵߸Ϲ˵ԺÿһŹӣˬΪֹҶȻ˵
Զ촽˲˵˵˵
ǸϽ˵ɡҶߴٵ
鳤ʴˡԶ˵
ʣ˵￡۾Ƕ孵ʣҶΪԾ
Զ۵˵ͷֵ֪ܵģֻһˣ¶棬ɽһֲٰ졣
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ʵô˵￡۾סڶĻʾˣ
ǵģҸʹɡԶ۰
Ȼô¶ѾϼһҲûˣҶ̧һö룬Ҫ֣ǧȴιҼɱˣԺôסء
Ҷ룬㽫ȻͷǧУãȸˣлһĿ
ǧĿҶ죬û˵
ҶҲٶתԶֱۣſȥ
ҶȥӰǧίˮˣԶʧˡ
ǧ뿪ҶԶ۱˼֣ǰһ֣˸䣬һƽԶôꡣЩֱӽԶ۵ʬ˾֣Ȼ֮زز
һվȻǶ
Ϊ񹬵صµշֻɲҲû취׷ٵҶˡ
Ҷ孵孿νʧأǵʵұ٣оʧȻϮ뾵ݵ̮ءڣֱ״ݻ٣ʧЩΪ׷ɱҶ죬ʧǿߣν˷۱
ڶ孷ЩѣѾȫ紫һ磬ıֽŻҳͷʾĶǹڶ孵Щ̨ҲͣĲЩš
лЩŻҳϣŵĻظѴǧлֽкã׻˵ȷʵǸĵϢ
ڿź˻磬ףҶڶȡôݡ
׽𵺣һߵĴҶ޷ϹҶЩʱЦСӵ޷˰
ܿ죬Ц̾һ찡ΪʦҲﲻʲôˣ·ҲֻܿԼˡ
ݵİʿϣҶͷϴѼññѹúܵͣס˴ѾǸ۲۵ˣȻõ͵һЩ
һ·ʮ˳һСʱ󣬰ʿִﶫ
Ϊ孵׶һУķ̶ǲԶġ
˴ǰҪ񣺵һ׽ú￡ۣҲǵʣڶȡ˳Ѱİ취ҵǣʺͰ˳񶼲ڶʾ֮ڣҲʡöˡ
ǰʾ֮ǰҶ쵱Ȼȥݷһ
֪ڹάΪ孹սսľ˼дս̫ƽսվٱֳļ
ڵڶսǰһֱɶ孾רŹǹڶսѭ̷ԭ򣬸Ϊڽ̷ˣһЩһһֹ
10ƽףǰǸ25ס34׵ĴƷ˳֮ΪӣǶ學Խ
ڴ࣬ǽ193510׸ߵʯ״д׷ĽΪ˵չľҾ֮ʿҡǶ16鸡˼սսĻ棬˵Щڱҫվ۹˵ķṦΰ
ڽ࣬οģҪǶһռؽһƽ׵ĽΪξ͹ݡξ͹ǼڵһսݣǰҪдӸӶսƷҫʾĺպսչĶΪսߵǰϽ˾ɽʮľͻӶԱȵȡξ͹ĿյϰڷŻڡ׵ȣ⣬еսѳְսȮ;ο鱮
Ҷһοͽξ͹ݣʵʦ߹һ⡣ֻϧûʲôΣȻýط׳졣
߽ξ͹ݣһչʾսϵһЩƷŵĵطǺ̨һͭƵĺģͣʯϵ200ұĺƣ̨·̫ͼϣʾźĵص㡣
ںǽ½Ƕڼӡȷ٣ƶһֱΪͬΪƷн
Ҷߵǰļǵãվʦ֮¡֮һ̵˼ϣԱԱֱӱ߱񵰡
ʱ飬Ҷ;úЦΪµĻ䣬ٴοһ̵˼ϡΧЩοͷ׷ͶĿ⣬ãδԱ֡
ҶתأҲȥعʿͭνعʿҲͻԱ
ͭԱһνعʿ޵֣дţعʿǽպƽ뷱ٵĶ孵ĻǵߵѳӦܵһµľ׷Զȥ
Ҷ˳ǰͭԽԽˬһȭ˹ȥͭԴңڵأġˡ졣
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀⶼѭ۶ԱѾ첽Ҷ


736 
չԱܿҶǰ곤ò̫ѺõҶʵͭǱ𻵵İɣ
ҶԴҡø˹Ƶģһ޹˵ǣǣôܻҡҸߵǰԸͶϵˣһϵûС
Աཻһɵö˶˵ôܻԼϵ
Ҷʼ磬˵ҾͲ֪ˣҲʱ͵ˣۣͭԲ¡
˵˵ô͵ϣҲܻĪԼϵһ˵
ǿ˵䣬û׼Ը¡뵱ڼſͶ˸񣬽һѳӡ˵嶼Է٣ͭѶϵʲôϡġҶһȻӡ
͹ͭôᲢۣӷŭ
ҿûʲôİͭģģǾ߹ǹģģжϼֱһޡҶ粵
ʾͲһˣҿû˵ͭҲѡ˵
û˵ᣬۿˣҲǳʶˡҶЦ˵
һߣɵҿǱšϵİɣ
Ҷ쳯ӿȥ˵ϵܣɲ˵ϹۿҰš𣿡
Ȼûп⸽վһˣֻ˭϶˵
ҶƲƲ˵ôܰšô첲šϸҿ
ӶʱʱֵչмأֻҪȥһ֪ǲšϵˡ
ûǲšϵģһˡĿҶ˵
λϵҲ̫ˣȻҲȥͣҪʵڳ鲻ʱ䣬ҪɡҶһЦ˵һ̧˼ģľһ㽩Ŷá
ջֺҶЦȻλϵܶûʲôǾôˣæɣԸתת˵ţƿˣҡڵչȥ
չЩοǶǲ첻ѣȻûϵԱ׷Ҷ뿪
ЩĿ⣬ҶӻЦûˣûˣҸġ˵ű㳯һչȥ߼չһͷһл걮߿ޱ߰ݣڼĸƵġ
ϼһ޵ôģҶΪ꣬첽ǰȥģǳͷðޣ
ͷ̧Ҷ쿴˿ˣô˵ģڼĿսӢۣЩ˰ԽԽûϢˡΪҶ˵һΪҶҲǱˡ
սӢۣ⣬ݡ˵䣬Ҷݺݳͷ˦һơ
ͷĵ˼վӺ׵øͷƵֲָҶ죬߷ߺȳ㣬ûʵģôִأڳݲ壬˵伸ŴѪ˳
ӲҪ㣬Ҫ㣡˵ţҶһȣͷؿڣͷֵ˼һƨ˵ϣ﷢һ󡰰ӴӴİҲˡ
Χοַ׷Ͷ˾Ŀ⣬ЩѾҶָչԱҲһʱ˹
ͷ̱ڵأ˲ӣԱϽǰѯʵû°ɣ
ͷһһʹӴʹˣҵιǺˤˣС˸ӣɱѽ
ҶЦһ˵ιˤˣʲôϼһӸǰװһҪģҪȻȥ
ңҲ˲𣿡ͷ
Ƕ㻹ôȣбҪһǶ˵ĸоҶЦͷȥ
һԷɷͷæԱ죬סСˡ
һԱǰҶ죬һֽĿʵˣôܶһ˼´˺أ
֪ϼһʵ̫ɶˣȻл걮߿ޱʾЩ֣ϵǿ˵òô򣿡ҶһΧοʵ
ݹοͣһ㶼ЩӣȻݲЩսӢ۵顣ԣһҶⷬǶֻĿ⳯ϵͷȥ񶼺޲ǰš
ƣͷϽָҶ粵˵˵ҷڼЩսӢۡ
˵ҸҪأûҺö˶˵Ļ𣿡ҶаЦʵ
ͷһʱ֧֧˵ңң֪ҡ
ܸ֪˰ɣΪЩսӢۣҲŴġҶ˵š
㣬㺬Ѫˣͷô˴һ㣬ָֻҶҲҲš
ҶûٴͷϵϵοǼֵȻҶִһײĵͷȷʵЩ嶯ˣҲʵ޿̲´ֵģܹ⡣
˱ʾͬսӢۣȷʵô򡣡
Ҳ׷׸ͷΪϲ𣬱Ҳá
ǧָĳ棬ͷٿĪ磬ֻܴŴ޺޵ĵҶ졣
ԱҲûΪҶ죬ǽͷӵϿ޸˵ȥҽԺɡ˵ű㽫ͷ˳ȥ
űߵͷӣҶ͵֣ߣϼһޣӽᣡ
ţҲûչﶺһչȥ
һչչʾŴ顢񡢻滭ƷɽʮƵšŮͦӵѪ顢ڳսţ˾ľȵȡ
ҶǶ¹ǽǰ߹˳㽫Щʮ˴ŮԶʺһ顣
ߵһ۾ǰʱĽŲͣ
ֻٷͷñϼһԲ۾ؿڹŰöѫ£ԼǸӯļһٿư飬˭˶һ١
·дţʮʦų½нƾֱΡҲܶ˶û˵֣¼лŮ֪ġ
ΪɱлĹ֣ս׿öսѫ£öʰĽѫ£ֻǼΪġ
꣬ʲлкݵؽɨɱ⡢չ⡢ߣ׮׮С
һΣʲɨԴ󷢣ò½мϻӡ͡ǡһȽֱʽٱڹ컯֮£ȺؼлŮν顣
ĵļһȻ孹鹩ڴ˵أһ׼ս֮һ÷ɵĻаһҲԼöǺεɥĲˡ


737 
ֻĻƬ̣ҶͻȻָ̧Ļ񣬲ɤްҷѾǧôã㾹ȻطΪװ˶ñҾϲ𣿵ǱҼȦǿҼʮͷĸǿĸҲͰˣȻһСŹɥļһǻɻҶϵá˵ţҶ̽ժ¾ƾֱεĻ񣬶ϾһͲȣﻹţӲԹ
һĻοǶĿ࣬ܿ죬ԱѾҶ˹
ҶǰԱһץסҶһֻ첲ƷҶȻͣţﻹ½еǱңҲ˵
ΪѾ˷ɣǾͻὫƽáһ˵
Щ쵰ǻûйˣôǴġҶ첻ͣš
ٷǿɾͲˡһԱ侯
Ҷ캰صĽү۾㿴ЩƻҪ۵ĻЩƶСʧɡ
䣬Աʱһţɽʪ͸ͬʱһɶζڿӿ
Ҷ͵ЦǾϲڿ˰
ԱһۣæŲȥΧЩ˶Ǿ֡
ԱߺҶƾֱεĻݺݲţŻ˿ĭȻŴҡڵȥ
뿪չҶмĴչʾչʾùʽսũڡڡ̹ˡǹ
Ҷ찵룬Щϵһɨչʱ󡰺䡱οǾŵļţĴܡ
һȦչƷҶըϡãչһƬǼοͶӳչҶҲѳȥ
ո뿪չʾĹ㲥𾴵οͣڷ˼ٻ¼绳пֲǱΪ˰ȫ볡ɴ˸ҴĲ㣬½⡣
λΣһ˵пֲӣοǶȿֺųӿȥҶҲȥ
ſѾţڶԳŵοͽŲ顣
Ҷߵſڵʱһǰǻ˴λٻﰸйأǵĵ顣
٣޹ģǿɲԩ˰Ҷװһԩ˵
ǲ޹ɲ˵ģҹɡץҶ첲ͽקȥ
οͺܿ߿գֻʣҶһﾯ졣
һ꾯Ҷ쾯Сӣ¼Ѿһһٶ¼ˣȰ㻹ʵʵ˰ɡ
Ҷڵô˵ѾѴˣǻܿĵˣ𣿡
ߣвϣȥ˵¾Ա
һλᾯҶȥ
Ҷε̾˿˵СүбҪֳˡ˵ţժͷϵѼñȻָԼʵûо˧ʶĸоأ
Χľ˳Ҷɫһ䡣
ǣ㣡һྯҲ¶֮ɫ
ҶٺһЦ˵Ƕ孹ѾΪ˳׷żǣǶ孹ĵ̨Ϊʣ౨ҵӢ¼ҲֻһЩܼķ֮¶ѣĳܵǶ孹Ĵ׷ء
ܿ죬һѾӼǹָҶ죬ɲǹֱֻ㱻
ĲҽҼѪ
ྯ춼æȥҶ쵭Ȼ˵˭Ұǹǵİ
ҶⷬЩûҽǹγЩѾγǹҲԹԵ˻ȥ
Ҷĵ˵ͷˣǽ͵ΪֹɣҸظңҸ衣ˣһǶһݴǶ׷ңܽʧء˵ţаЦ⣬Ц߳˴š
źȡ׵Сٻ
СڿնϿնʱܲ
Ҷʩչһ죬ڿԾʮ׸ߴն̧֣âۡ
λڶĴҲ˿Ϊܼ֮أҶ˾ٺܿ˴Χۡ
ӿ¸ֻСﾡһƬѹѹͷЩ孹ҲǺϲֵġ
Ҷ·ɨһۣɤӣԪ˵װĹǣá룬ӦöϵҰɣûʱżǣƾ˧õӢ̶һҹұϯ˶學̨Ϊ˸ıħǧŮ̼ӰеںĿӢۡڳ͸λӦöܺ棬ô׵ٵģݵĪģһ޿ӵġ죬ҽ﹫Щǧ֮գôۼ֤漣ķôĿһɾ޿ӵġ
Ҷⷬ·ĹǶ¶֮ɫ˸ͺħ졣
˶٣ҶֵҲǻʣǧЩΪʲôӦö˵ѻĹ°ɣǰﶼ֪жĵΪһ֪࣬͸Ӧý־ˡҵΪҲڱǶ孹ҴлĶ顣Ȼл죬Լݹ֮ҽǶ孶ҴлдաòŸмңЩӦģֻʾԵĻرǴлʩĻұ֤Ƕһнһӣ³ԱȵĹ㵺ͳ黹Ҫˬٱ
Ҷһһ䶼һ·ж˵ĶĤţӻ˵ġ
Ҷ׵ѾʼֲϢȫԭһž
Ƭ̺ҶѵϷϾҪˣȻһĻʮ־ʣҪĿ⾫˲䣬ǽḶۡԣģ͸ϽжԶԶɡѣҲǳʵ
žֳʱ˶ȿֺԶӴܣһƬң˲̤¼ЩҲǾȡģ˽սۡ
ûãԭͷܶĽֵѾһƬյֻ¼˵ĵù
ҶĻȥ˼ǣǿ׵ԥŽµļ綪ȥ
䣡̼֮
վԶһ¥¥ϣҶ쾲ĿһĻЩ˲̮ĳ纣һ˷ӿȥǳʵ׳ۡ
֮󣬳Ѿ״ʧֻһʮľ޿ӣԻӡ


738 
ըټҶֱʾӶȥ
ʾ಻ٶףҶ켸ѶʾϿա
ʾƽʱסĳлǰĻʹΪ̵ʾȻ̵ĸݵأҲ֪ڱǸơ
ǽҶ󲻽ǣʾ֮ղʩչʱĶȴʾǿ߳ڼ类٣ʾƽ糣
ڻʾϿգҶɢʾɨһ飬˽ƣ޷þ̽⣬һЩҪɫС
ѲЩ治ΪҽȥȻ׽Ҷ찵´š
ϸ룬ֿԻǺܴģҶ컹ǵӲͷƤȥ㲻Ϊ׽ú￡ۣҲþѰð˳ҵİ취
Ƭ˼Ҷ쾶ֱŻʾĴĽƿ
û˿赲Чƺֻ̽ģҲͬ޷ɢ
Ҷȡ׵ԪܣĴǴλ֮еƽ
һ·ȥûκζҶ컳ɣʾǲǶѾӹˡ
ܿ죬õĴǰԿõĴţûˣҶȴܲһɻޱȵĴ֮ԴԴϵӿ
ѵǰ˳񣿡²⣬Ҷżֿ϶Ϊɴ֮뾵ϵΪƣȻͬԴ֮
ƬפҶȻŲſȥ
ߵſǰͣ½ŲɨȥÿյģΨͷһͷϷһ̣ų͵İ׹⡣
ˣҶŵ˽ȥӿÿ߼ͣ½Ų۲ΧĶƵġ
Ҷߵ밸ԶʱѾ֮ɢѹѹôʱѾĿڵӢĸCһһСԴ
ҶҲͿ϶ǰ˳ֻǽǣΪλὫڵİ
Ҷ뵽ֿܡ
һֿܣԭͰڴ˴Ϊʩ䣬û˵ߣҲòڶֿܣ⽫ԼȥȡȻԼ֮ٳû֡
ֿܣΪ˽Ҷ컹ǾȽ׵Ȼ취ȡ߰˳˳ʩǿ䣬ҲõĻе˳ˡ
Ҷ׼ȥǾת֮ʣ׻ͻȻкСӣҷӡɴ֮ƺܵ˼ܿҪʧˡ
׻ⷬҶͷһҲ֪ڵһܵǰ˳Ӱ죬ԲŻܿء
һ˲䣬ҶԺһõԤУѵЩ֪˳ӦԲŽ˳ڴ˴
ʶһ㣬پ˼ſڴȥ֪þ˳Ӱ췶Χ
ȻûţĵվǷˡ
ȻһɳȵĸоȻѾͻ׻ķӡ
ɴ֮δͣͨѨҶȫϷҴܣһֵ֮С
ȫһʹҶ˻оԼƺ챻ڻˡңܿƵŵǿ˳ȥ
ܿ죬İ˳ѱץǹɴ֮Կ񱩡ʲôȫȻ֪ΪʶѾ޾ʹռݡ
ʱ򣬵ǽͻȻţٷߴڳ˳
Ҷ֮ǰ²ЩԭǴð˳Ҷе䣬ǰһĻȴǽǾﲻѡ
ֻǿ鱻Ҷץİ˳ȻڻұҶգҶȫҹһ͵İ׹⡣
׻ͲԾŵҶ屻ٵĻ˵͸ûʲô
ȥɲ׼ȥҸµˡ׻˵
Ծһʱˣ׻ǰ߰취ɡ׻Ը壬ûⱾ¡
ⲽˣʲô취׻국Ȼ˵üͷǽţóҲż
ԾϽʹü˵㲻˵Լ˫ߴô㱾¶ûС
׻һߣûϼһ㾹һɱŲСӱ֮ǰȰˡ
Ծ񺹲ѣֻЦ˵׻ǰ˵ģĸһأҵ˼ǣΪϵһа취ǰⳡΣģ԰ɣ
׻İԴ˵ǻǰȻܣڣȿ˵ɡ
׻껰䣬ԾͻȻµ׻ǰ쿴ҶСǾԪ塣
׻ҶĸԪ忴ȥֻЩڸԪϵ֮ܵӰüΪȶ
Щ֮һ󶯵󣬻Ȼ˳žӿҶ࣬ȫѪҺΪһ塣
ҶȻżⳤͫҲ˲Ѫ졣
һĻһپѪ
һΪһʵʴˣڸǺã
ΪǶʣ̽ɽ鳤￡ۡ
￡۶Ҷ۲Ƭ̣侲ɱ
ȡҶ췢𹥻
ɾʱҶȫƤͻȻѿһ˿˿ϸСѷ죬һâЩѷкһ̣ǵ˹һ㣬â䣬Щâǽϣǽ˲䱻ΧҲ̶ͬȵܵ˰׹ҫδǲҽˣ˲ӡ
״̬Ƭ̣Ҷ˿ѸϣѪ߱ǿֻЩ˿ڸոϣλٴѿͬâ
ЩٴӾзӦҶͻȻԾ𣬳ݶܳá
Ϊȫʹһ˻ţһ߷Ĵײ֮ľԻ٣Ҳ̮Щܵâֱͨӱ壬һغ
Զ˵ĩգʾнٴΪҲһƬ棬·һشһ㣬Բһ֮ڲһĽǲ
ȻҶ쵱˵Ҫ춫ɱҲֻ˵˵ѣȻݲ̵ֲɱЩ޴֮ˡ£ʶ֧״£ⳡѡ
ҲֲҶ죬ֻ˵ǾȡǺ￡Ϊð˳񼤷Ҷе䣬ҲͲǰⳡԵˡ


739 ԪӤ
ⳡƽĻ棬ǰƬǡˡ
ԭĸ¥ñ˲ԫϱڣԭֵĽֵѪɺӣǵĿ޺ҽ
ɢΣ価һգ͸Щбڶǽϵ޺ƣϡķ
һ΢΢бĸ¥¥ϣҶ̱ڵأдŴؿţϵѾЩ߻òȫҲˮ͸
׻ꡢԾҶĸԪ㶵ĶǰǸӤСͨ׵塣ǸСŮӣׯȾӡ
ãԾȿ˵ѵС˾մ񣿡˵ţŤͷҶ쿴ȥ˵ҶСѣ֮ǰԤƺˣһֵļһ
ΪѻĹϵҶûȻǰŮӿʮƽɲҵģ֪ԷǸ൱ֲļһ
׻صԪӤ壬ǸմԪӤɣղţƺҪ壬ձƷˡ
Ҷб׻ȥƵСһҪѾģղѹվһԿϷ
׻Ȼ˵õų𣿱ֻҪվЩСɫˣҲһܵ壬ԲŹԹġ
ҶĨ˰Ѻ˵;ܴɣбͰԼȥ
ԾŹ˵׻ǰĻûһôҲǱסģӦǺľͣİɡ
ʲô𣿡׻޳ܵ
ҶͲԾ
ʱҶͻȻ뵽ʲô۾һڴ׻ʵСո˵ԪӤǲǿԽΪأ
׻곯Ҷ˳˵㵹ͦСûסҪ˼ҵԪӤˡ
ҶƲƲ죬˵ϴ㲻˵Ǹ˭˭˭ĳʿԪӤΪɶҾͲ˵ԷѾԸܽˣŵķ⣬в֮
£ǰԪӤӤ壬ᡣ׻˵
Ӥ壿ʲô⣿Ҷ첻ʵ
˵ˣԪӤԪں塣׻򵥵Ľ͵
Ҷ룬˵ô˵ҪԪӤĻͱȽԪˣ
ɣȰ㻹ǱЩеûģôɡ׻ѵ
Ҷ˳ǰԪӤ壬ҿں˯ˣҪǳû֣ˡ
˵ôڵı£ԼܴùԪӤ𣿱˵Է˯ˣˣҲδܿе¡׻Ҷͷˮ
Ҷ첻ǿδأȻҵ嶼ߣҿҲûʲôġ
ֻǲ壬ûʹȫټԪ񲢲ȫ޷Ԫһ¡׻͵
⣬һֱ˼ĲԾ˵ҲµûĻ֮ǰӦմԪ˳մԪӤһϾͱԪӤ塣
Ҷͷʾֳͬ׻꿴ȥԸСϽ֮ǰİ취̽ӷӡɡ
׻꺹յ˵õǼ򵥣ͷϱˣбô̵ȥ
ҶƵ׻ɽϣһô׵磬ҿθӦͦ
£׻꣬Ȼܹʳ׻
Ҷε̾˿˰ˣȻû취ԸҲֻȵ˵ˡ
Сӣɵ׼´ѵʱȻ࣬Ȼǲװݵġ׻ѵ
֪ˡҶӦ˵űϥ£дָ̾ղǷѾԪľľ
ͷ孵նѾƬ棬½Ҳѳ˴ʮװֱڷϾţһѾҴߣһҶ䡣
Ҷһ깽ԷһʱҲԲﲢǳ֮ƣǲ뿪ᱻֵġ
ھ嶼ܴû취ЩӵƤӳƬ档ԣҸȫĵطˣָҪ˵Ҳ׾ˡ
ɢһɨֽⴱ¥Ǿס׷ЩնҪҵӦõûһЩʱ䡣
룬Ͻǽƣ壬ǽڻ֮¥ݿȥ
˳¥ݿڣҶ˳¥㣬Ȼɢɨɨ¥յƺѾ룬Ҷ컹һ׷﷢һˡǸŮӣƺ˲ӣȻûлȴ̱ڵ϶á
Ҷ룬Ƿȥǰ߿˽ķţֻŮڵϣϵĿѱѪȾ졣
ҶæŮǰץһ
ŮȲܴȻ˿ڲǺܴ󣬵ȴ˵һĿǰΪʧѪȥʶҲЩ㱡
ȷƺҶŮӵĿӣСҲһ˸⡣Ȼ˵ԷڴòŰСãŮӳ໹ǲûͣʵԼ
˺ԷĿӺҶѸȡö룬ס˿ΧѪѪֹס
ţҶûмƣĽŮ·ƬϡĴһ¼ĭʵؿһ飬ŮѲǴȻҲ֮еģŮӿжʮ꣬ûҲ̸ˣڶֻĹȣܱס֮Ź֡
һҽҩѺҶŮơ
ŮĿǰķˣҶȫܴȻֻһ˿ԪǽʹȥǸո˼ҵҽҩѣŲԸֳֺõĻ
ķĵ֮£Ůӵܿõתǲ԰׵΢ָһ˿Ѫɫԭ㱵ʶҲָѡ
ǰϤʱŮŵüƣʹӵˡ
ȷϺȷԼûпǰǽǸͨж˵ĹС
֮࣬ŮӺܿ췢ֶԷƺԼˣٿԷͷ󺹣԰׵Ͼʹ֮ɫƺҲ˵ӡŮӽ侲Ȼǰƺûô뷨ֻͣƬ̣ԷµЩжǲʵ
֮Ҷƣ̱ڵأѾƣԵó
ķ£Ůӵ˿ѾϣҲԪ»ָ
ŷԼ·ǹģ֮£ŲŲӣԶǿµļһӵһȳһյܽȡһˮҪɱӯļһ


740 ѡ
ŮˮСߵҶǰ˫ֽŵԵ쳣šȻҲ֪ǰһ˵ö֮浱ŵվڶԷǰ֮ʱûˡ
ŵϵҶ죬ŮЩðҲŴһƬհס
Ҷڵһ۾ҲţŮӵһһļ֮¡ŮֵĻûӦҲǿľƷҲһԥĽɱ
ŮվҶǰã֪Լ׸ôɱΪǷһ·ϾԷҲԼľˡ
ŮԥҶЦһ˵ôôѡ𣿡
ŮһȻûϵԷ۾֪ǰΡ
ҶѵҶãֵĴʱһһָɾûлˡ
Ů˿ĭʵ㣬ô˵Ͳɱ𣿡
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦ˵ֶӯˣҲã𣿡
Ҳ֪Լ𣿡Ůüͷʵ
ˣҿɲԼҿҵΪǶԵģֻеҶаЦ
㣡㵽ڻԼĴ֪Լ˶޹𣿡Ůʵ
Ҷƽ˵ȻЩȷʵҵǸɱ˵ģȴǶ孡˵ҲЩж޹ģȵҲδ޹ġ
ѾҩɾˡŮӷȻ˵
ǰѾҩɾˣôɱңҶЦʵ
ŮĿһƲƲҲҲҲδҩɾȣȻ־ң˵Ļġ
ҶһЦֱ׵˵δҲ̫ˣǼ㳤ƯԲžġԭȾȻ֮ٶ㻵£û뵽Ȼɵ϶ˡҪڲɱңһָ֮û׼Ҿͻˡ
Ҷôһ˵ŮӶʱ뵽Լ·ûдӣ͸ԵòˡһĭҶ쿿ˮġ
ٴҶǰŮƺѾֵ׼ˮ߸߾ǣڿ˰Ҳû£֮˵ҡͷ˵ǵģģαҪԼ˵ôأ֮ǰԷԼʱǰӣŮӼţԷһǱųȵġ
ұôҪǲ֣ɾͺĪˡҶ̼
Ůĵڵأһ죬ᶨ˵ҵȵģаˣԸҲҪľΡ˵ţתһȳһյĳȥ
Ҷ̾һķˡ
ŮӴһȹص˴Ҷڵϣߵɳǰ£ʵι㻹ðɣ
ϢһûˡҶڻش
ŮӾƬֲ̣ʵ㣬ΪʲôҪôأ
ΪʲôҪݻЩ񹬣Ϊʲôǰⳡɱ¾أҶʵ
ǡŮӻش
ܼ򵥣ΪйˡҶɫ
Ůһʵô˵ڱˣ
Ҳô⡣Ҷ򵥵Ļش
㻹ôȥ𣿡Ůʡ
ȻЩûд꣬ξ͵ΪֹɡҶź˵ԭ˴ҪĿҺ￡۴֯䣬£մԪӤ廹ʱпѣȻȥˡں￡ۣȻǶ孵ʣҲӲȥˣԺʱԹ
Ůû˵ôţĿҶ졭
ϴ£ʾһƬǼ
֪Ϣһʱ˹
ʴˣû˰ɣ￡ۣǱϵʺ
˵С˶ѣ¡￡ۺȻ˵
ʴˣѾȫѲ˵䣬ֻҪҵضʬΡ޺޵˵¹ڷһѣɴñѱˡ
ȻڶѾƽϢСӲˣѾҵ취ѹסˣбܽѹסǱȻѾˡԱ뾡ҵҪȻһָҪԸɾͲˡ￡ǵ
üͷ΢΢һ壬˵ʴˣСһǶĳȻ˴Ҳδ֮ǰҵ
￡룬˵Ҳֻȥһ񹬣շѰСӵˡ
˵ĻǾòˣһǲʱֻҪһѰСӵ䣬ը÷顣ݺݵ˵
￡۵˵ͷ˵²˳٣Ͻɡ
ʴˣҪͳҵרȥɡ
ðɡ￡ڴӦȻ밲һͬ˷ɻ
һѾת࣬˵ʵ̫أµõڲȬ
Ůû˵һֱһԷ
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻ˽Ų
Ҷһ飬Ѹٴӵϵһܵɳ󷽡
ܿһѾȶԱŮӣѾȶԱæʵС㣬û˰ɣ
ŮӴɳվԽŵػشң˵ˡ
ѾȶԱϽܽŮӸǰ𣬲С㣬ҷ뿪ɣⴱ¥Ѿбʱ̮Ǳ뾡뿪
ŶŮӦ
ѾȶԱʣﻹ𣿡
Ů㶣ԥƬ̲ҡͷشûûˡ
ǸϽ߰ɡѾȶԱ˵űŮſȥ
ߵſڣŮֻͷҶķλһۣȻȻȥ
ߺҶɳ˳ſյſڣֹ㻹ġղŮӽĻȻĽŮӺѾȶԱһɱ׻˵˲Ϊ
ţҶּķˡ
￡밲ɻִܿ񹬡
ϴαƻѾһڣҲʼսؽ
￡ۺͰֱµã￡˵ڵշ󣬶Ըݺ￡۵ָʾǲӵװֱҶĲ֮Χ
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ѵֱӳƲʮ׸ߵ¥¡
׹ͬʱ󡰺䡱¥˲䱻ը÷顣
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741 
غҶûҾ˸񱼶ȥ£ƻδȬ˺Щս
Ѿϲ˴ӣҶһӵϮ
Ӿ̽Χۼ֮࣬ҶľδȫָǶôԪĻֻƶ񻯣ͻǰİΧȦҲܿӹ׷
һ˼ȡ˶ݵ飬£Ȱ˸á
Ԫע룬һѾǱصףһֱǱʮͣ
ɾ׼ʼ˵ʱ򣬺һǿϷϮԪܣԼٶȺķԪܵ
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ʶҶҲֻùԹԵصϣȻΧڻͻΧֻҪƬ棬ôЩҲͲ⿪ˡ
ϵǿŲǹеװֱҲǽ׷ᣬʱʱᷢ伸öڵ
Ҷֻòͣʩչײһȥ
Ѿţ֮ӳƬ棬УԪܵҲҪľˡ
кҶ쾶ֱ˶̳ȥҲʱȫˡ
Ԫܣ̳֮ڣ̳һ׷ױܶԶ֮ڵѸǹӰǡ
Ȼ̳⿪ǹڣҶҲûҪȻȶԷǿ߹ɾͲˡ
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ʻֵҶ콫ţƵ쭳ӵ쾡£Ȼ쭵ϰ롣ҵΪ֣Щֵϵĳ࣬ŽҶ쿪ࡣ
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ҶȻ֪Щ˼Σþ뿪ܲһֱϹơ
ܴټǹĽҶ㿪˴Сʱ뿪һƬɽ롣
·Ѿûʲô׷ľлչӵӺϮ
ҶԪܣϴ򿪳˳ȥʧȥƳɽ׹·ߵɽҶѴԣһǵ˦ЩϵֵڻܿЩװֱĹ
ҶȻСЩװЩľ޷װֱϰһſڵ׼ȷҶ췢ȥ
ʮöڵϮʹôʮöһϮɾûˣֻεʩչײ
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ȻǶˣֱһһطһҩľػز䣬һǲϵġ
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Ҷ֪ȥСǱסˡ޲ߣ첻УݵزУ˲ʩչײ֮⣬Ѿûбѡ
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һıڱʩչαײҶֻȫ˺Ѱľʹҧأͷ亹৿ð
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䣡
Ҷ˱ըķɳʮףԭΡΡԪҲڱըĳ±ȻûʲôˣҶ컹̱ڵضãѾΪ֪ôСǱסġ
ܿ췢ĹʮöڵٴҶϮȥ
ɾڵϮ˲䣬Ҷԭ޹ʵͻȻһ⡣ǿҧطʩչײһ򼲱ȥ
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ǰԶһСɽɽϣһ޴Բоţʣǽš
Ҷ˵ŵĳֱ֣ѩ̿ûΪķǿŵģԣֻҪţЩҲ׷ˣܰѶԷ׷١
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ϣЩ赲סҶĽŲԱһ㣬Ĵڴ֮䣬Խϰ˵ӵ
һϮ֮£ĿͻȻʧӰ٣˵ԷѾըƬ˵Ҳʵ̫ǣǿˡ
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ڽĵμû̫Ĳ죬ţǰȻƬɽ룬ֻǺ׷жŨ
ҶһƣɽϢƬ̣ķˡΪ֪ڻиʱ򣬺￡ʱǲǿ׷ڽԣ뾡ƣȻ뿪


742 
ԴҵĲҵ½ӹܣѾǻľصĲ֮һ
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˯ۣȡֻһСǿĵ绰
Сǿһһϲ˯ô绰һʲôҪ¡һţһͨ˵绰
绰һͨСǿǽڶ𣬡󣬴²ˡ
üͷ΢΢壬ƽʵôͱʲô¨ˣ
ǣǣɩ˸ץץˡΪСǿЩ״Ρ
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ǰ˪˪ɩӱ˸ץˡСǿ϶˵
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Ƭ̣ҶǸϵŮʵС㣬˵Ǿ̻ӦǺ𣿡
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ҲŰοǰС㣬үһӲʣһܹͦȥġ
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ҿһ̻ڰүʲô涾ҪȻܳҽʦϲüֿ϶²
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ƽɽһȫ˱ڱĿ˵Ҷ죬˫۾ֱĶųŮӣаЦ˵С㲻𵺳ǵһˣǽ˿һ۲һΣȻ䵽ҵҲúúˣٺٺ١
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ԷԼŮӸϽͷһ֧٣ԼвҪٹңҾԾ
ǰԼԾĻ𣿡ƽɽһЦ˵Աϣߵһ˦ֻᡱһ죬ŮķٶϳأǼһͷѩ׵ĲϻһѪۡ
Ůӳ׾ˣﷺ⣬һĿŽƽƽɽһɡ
ߵŮӸǰƽɽһЦеˡ˵ţһץסŮӵĸ첲˳ȻЩº˶Ѻȥ
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˶ǲĻͷҶ쿴ȥƽɽһһ˿ŭ⣬ŮӲδҶ챧κϣ˵ģװԷҲֻǸ˶ѣǸʵķˣΪһѶġ
Сӣ밤Ӳɣƽɽһʵ
Ҷƽı۾Ȼ˵ʯڲ·ͱˣô˵Ҳ⳥Ұɣ޾˵˼ȷʵҪƽɽһ⳥Ϊʶ·ҪȥҲֻһ֮ǰҩʯѾùˣڿν޷ģ·ҲûǮˡԣȻЩ⳥
ҶⷬŮҲͳ׿϶ˣһȷʵֻǸӣһǸЩ㶺ļһȻҪЩҪ⳥ⲻѰ·
ƽɽһԵЩ죬⳥Сӣˣ˵ˣ
û˵ҲûҳѡҶݵ˵ʼû۾
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ҶҪҶ˼֣ƺѾûʲôˡ
߶ҪˣƽɽһһȣٵҪ֣ȻϵŮӲ֪һץסƽɽһɵĸ첲˵ǮҲӦģ㷸ɱɣ
ƽɽһŮӿȥЦѱˣȻİС˵
ŮӵͷȻ˵ֻǲΪҶܵǣ˵ţߵǰȡʯҶ˵߰ɣЩ˿ɲǺǵġ
ҶŮӿȥŮû˵ʲôֱתصƽɽһߡ
ƽɽһҶһߣ˵С󣬽үãͲƽˡ
˵ţƽɽһɱץŮӸ첲תҪߡ
ȻҶȴٴκȵվס


744 
Ҷ裬ƽɽһһ˿ɱ⣬ͷҶ쿴ȥ˵Ǻҵĵˡ
ŮӽȰ㻹ǸϽ߰ɡԷҲΪŻ鷳ģԷƽɽһɵĵ£Ҳⲻȥ
Ҷȴƽƽɽһ˵ղһѡĻᣬҲͬһѡᣬҪôҪôܴ£ɸոŮ֮ٸı뷨
ߣƽɽһɲٶ˵ֱӾߵҶ췽ȥһɫ뵶Ҷ켲ȥ
Ůź̾˿ɾΪҶ콫ҪǵµʱȴԷ赭д˦һӣǵб㱻ɵɢˡ
ƽɽһüͷȻȻнֻʹһɵҲһܹͽֻģʶԷǸز¶ĸ֡
ŮӺͱƷӶһԭѾ･һ˿ϣ
ѡˣûʲôԵĻҿɾ·ˡҶƽȫû̶ֳȵĶԷ˵Ҫɱƽɽһɾ͸һֻһɡ
ƽɽһ˿ĭȻҶʵЩɻ䣬Ҳδʹô˵ҲǸԲĸ֣𵺳дС
СӣȥɡƽɽһһҶȥ
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ƽɽһɼæӵȥ
ֻᡱһ죬ߵֱϳأɲƵŻȥ
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ƽɽһɵ۾ӽ̱ȥȥﻹǲֲ˼飬Ҳ޷ţԼһļһ
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һĬĬߵ𵺳ǡ
ǺŮڹҶ˵ˣôæҼͣҺúд㣬Աл⡣
ҶȻ֪ԷҪԼȥƣȻҶ첢Ը־ЩˣǿǵԼг̣ǴӦðɣС·ɡ
ҶӦŮԵø⿪ģˣллܽҵ룬ɡ
ǣŮӱҶȥҡ
ŮӼ𵺳ǵĴ󻧣侭Ӫй̻𵺳˵ǽ̻֮¡
ҶŮ߽һҴԺԺſڵһŮӱ㹧سƺС㣬һڼŮʱ¶һ˿ɫϸ΢仯δӹҶ۾Ҷ켸Կ϶һӦþ̻ᰲߵߡδ£ɫ߽Ժӡ
ԺӺŮӻͷҶ˵ˣȥɣһطѡ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ŮӷԸ˴ȥɡ
ǣˣɡ
˵űҶȥ˴ŮԼȥ
Ҷ˴ȻҶ첻ô˵ӻһûһĸšӶԻе֪ӽľʷнһ̻ʵǿȴΪҳϵģҲˣŮӲŻѡ
ڴûãŮӱͷ˽ѻһװ˿һζ
Ůӽľʷһǡ
ߺŮҶǰ˵ˣûܣҽйӣ֪γƺ
Ҳڴ˾СûҪ֪ҵҶ쵱ȻԼ˵ȡԸɴͲˡ
ǣйӲδ⣬ţ˵ҪûʲôµĻҪסɣԱҺúдˡ
ٿɡҶ򵥵ػش
ţйӲͷƤ˵ˣи֮룬ܴӦ
㸸ǰɣҶֱӵʵ
ǵģֻҪκҸ׵Ĳһúñ˵ġŮϵ˵
Ҷ쵭ȻһЦʵʲôأ
Ůԭ˵龧֮𣬿뵽ԷдʵݶȻ򵥣δػῴЩһʱ֮䲻֪λش
ҶȻ˵ǵ̻ҲϣԱ˵ʲô𡣡Ⲣ˵¸԰ʵˣĿǰݣῴС̻ᡣ
ŮӵͷֻشţԵЩ֪롣´ǰθ׵Ļᣬȴʵòܴ򶯶Էıꡣ
Ѱ˼ãƺ뵽ʲô̧ͷ͵͵Ҷ쿴һۣȻҧȻ˵ֻҪҸƣңԸˡţӦԴ򶯶ԷΪԼòš


745 
йҶ˵ЩĶˡ
ԷлˣǿԲ̸ĳȣǶ˾ˣû㱨꣬治Ը֡
Ƭ̣Ҷй˵СɵˣҪһʱ嶯ľ
Ѿúˣ֮֮ףӽ׵ĽԹ޻ڡйӼᶨ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȻСѾǾôɡ
⣬һи󡣡й˵
˵Ҷ
˲Ҫ¸Ҹסй˵
ҶڴӦ֪ˡ
Ǵ˽ҷɡйһ¶ĵӡ
ţҶͷӦ˵СȸҰŸ䣬Ϣһᡣ
õģᣬȥ˰šй˵ű߳
Ƭ˻ȻҶȥһ᷿
䣬Ҷ콻йӲҪȻ͹ţķʼˡ
ֱʱ֣ϵĴȬˣҶƵģΪǸԪӤĴڣΪһֱѹ쾳ǰڡ
һ뵽ԪӤĿ£Ҷﾡǲ֪ԪӤʱѣѺȻҪĻ޲ˡ
Ҷ쳤̾һٶ룬˿⣬ɫѰš
մţһŮſڣҶŮæ˵ˣѾ׼ˡ
ţ·ɡҶԸ
ǣŮӦһȻҶ쳯һȥ
ҶŮһǰŮڷã˵С㣬ˡ
йӺܿţҶˣɡ
Ҷ߽䣬йַԸŮ£Ȼ͹˷š
ҶǣһңŮԻװӦйӵķ䣬ʱСԲϰ˾Ʋˡ
ˣɡйҶ¡
Ҷûпߵǰ
йϵһƣҶ쵹һΪԼһ
СȾƣҶʵ
йҡͷ˵⻹ҵһκȣ˵˿׳Ϊϵ£Բȵġ
Ҷû˵ʲôƱҾСһɡ
йæƱ׵˵ӦҾ˲ǣл˰ȡ
һƱȽңһСй
ҶС㲻ȵĻͱˡ
ûϵֻǵһκЩӦô˼ЦˡйӲ˲졣
ҶƺйӺԼϡ
һ˼йѾ죬룬˵ҲЩ壬м⡣
йԼеƣҶȰС㣬ҿȵò˰ɡ
йҡͷһҪٺȡ˵žƱڳݲ˵ˣ㣬һҪκҸס˵űһʵҶһа취ܾףԲŸԸȽԼϡ
һȥйڲʤſϣҲҲǹ⽫ԼͲẦˡ
ҶߵйӸǰ壬ٿйž޵Ҷа
йº⿪ѣȻǳףȻ
ѣǷۺɫ³Ҷǰйӷãµ£¶İԵԲޱȣ֮伷һ˵Ĺ֡
Ҷ˿ĭȲĽ⿪£Բĸ߷Ȼǰ嶥ۺٸǽҶ쿴ÿˮ
ͣйȻѾˬоĴ̼£лǷ˵ĺߺҲǲͣŤţ˯֮УĵоȻ첻ѡ
֮ҶйӸ˱ӣȻ뿪˷䡣
ŷŹϣй۾ŷŷ۽ǻǻˮ
峿ҶŮĴ֮ͣйѾϣҶͷúܵͣɫҲԽĺ
ֱҶǰ£ɬʵˣ˯ÿɺá
ţлСĿҶ˵
йʵ˽տҸƣ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Թͺҹȥɡ
ţйӴӦ
˶˵
ԹͺйӱҶȥ׵ķ䡣
һ㲵ţйӵĸףй˾
ҶҲ˵첽ߵй˾ǰץһ飬ܿȷһּΪεԶҩֶһҽʦȷʵû취ġ
Ҷɿ֣йæʵˣΣ
㸸ȷʵжŻԣһԶҩۻӦһµʱˡҶ˵
йü壬һֱǺһò͵ģΪǾûأ
ֶȻɫζ֮˷úȻⶾӦòڷҶ
ѵйƺʲô
ѵʲôҶʵ
Ҹ׷кȲϰߣѵŮµĶйӻɵ
δµĶҲЩҶжҶ²
йӵ˵ͷʣӦа취Ҹװɣ
ҶشֻҪų⣬Ȼͻ῵
ҶⷬйҲͷǾͷˡ
Ҷ첻īѸһöעй˾壬ء
й˾еĲʲôĶҶױжų⣬Ȼȡһι¡
Ƭ֮й˾
ѣйϲǰȥʵף㻹ðɣ
ӣôˣΪй˾еĶջۺȻֱӽ⵹ˣ֪Լж顣
йӽй˾һ飬Ҷƽɽһｫµ飬ΨҶ׵ûἰ
йӵĽй˾Ҷʾĵĸм
Ҷ˼䣬Ȼйһͬ뿪˷䡣
߳ҶйӷԸС㣬ȥ㸸ƽʱȵĲҶɡô˵Է׳ˣȻҲúףԷѶԴ
ţɡй˵űҶȥ
ҶûˣйӱŲȻȡƽʱȵĲҶõҶǰ
Ϊ˶ɫζ۾ͱǱ𲻳ģҶֱȡһЩ̽ӡ
Ƭ̺һ˿΢ĶԲҶɢҲԿ϶ЩҶȷʵж


746 ս
Ҷ仯йæʵˣҶж
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ȷʵǴӲҶģôҶԴеˡ
й룬˵ЩʵĲɹһ˷ģѵ˷ڼ飿
͵ԼȥˣĸУͷǼһ²̫ɿҶѵ
лѣһġйӸм
뿪Ҷֶȥй˾ķ䣬й˾һ·ߣȻ󾡿뿪
񵤺й˾ɫܿתҲࡣ
˹ңӦʲô°ɣй˾Ҷʵ
һ⸽ûпԳĴҶֱʵ
й˾룬شһЩغЩЩһ㶼źʻٻԶ
ѵûлĴ𣿡Ҷ׷ʵ
ҪĻǰڸ۴ڸǹۿڣӦв⵺Ĵй˾
ڸۣԶ𣿡Ҷʵ
еԶڸλǴ;еշת򣬿Ҳִܵй˾˵
Ǿ鷳һһ·ͼɡҶ˵ڲʶ·ҲֻȥˡҪȻƨ񵺣ĽһͷһͷҲһʱ䡣
û⡣й˾ڴӦǸˣʼնûжһϻ
뿪й˾ķҶԼ䣬й˾Ƴ·ߺ󣬱ȥй̻̻֮ĶԹɲܡ
ʱ֣ŮǰҶԷҶŮŴʮˣ󲿷ֶߣһľʷҲڡ
Ҷй˾ӭӣĽ뵽Ȼڳ˷ܡ
Ҷɱƽɽһɵ£Ѵһľʷ˿дͼӴף˵Ľ̻һЩ߶λصǿĸȤ£ۿҶʱһ鶼ԵЩŹ֡ҲѾһľʷĻ˻ɣǿܹɻɱԲֵǿߣ㲻ͷ԰׵ͷҲǿ׳ӣǴ˿̳ǰģȻǸļһ
˶ԵЩ졣
Ҷλºɨһۣĳһͷӵһǳ̵Ϊ֮⣬඼ֻ̾硣
ʱй˾Ц˵磬һΪףԼ念Ϊλ˱л⡣
Ҷ׵˵᳤̫ˣ֮Ͷѡ
Դ˵ֻǾ֮ͣҺй̻˵ǿǾй˾ϵ˵
ϵй˵ǰˣұ̻ץߵĻǱضҪЮĻй̻ɾʹͷˡ
ҶԵһЦ
й˾־Ʊ˵ˣȾһϵел⡣
ҶƱй˾һɶҲȻҶʵʾɣǸӵơ
ƹѲ˹ζ˺ȵʱһͻȻײײĴ˽󺰵᳤ˣһ˴ˡ
䣬˵ײ
й˾ȻҲ׷վһ˿첽ſڳȥ
ҳһţٸſڵ𣬶ʮǿֿһʮ˵ͽ
ʲô˼й˾ʵ
й˾и׷ֹͣй˾
ǰ߳һ½ӣ
й˾һ˿ɫһ߳й˾ȥһ˵˵йȻ᳤ǰһֱԲڴû뵽Ѿˡ
ߣҲòװģСҡй˾Ȼ֪ǶԷڰµĶҶ֣С¾ˣԣ˵Ǻ֮ǡ
ǺǺǣйȻ᳤ʲôֻǺĹѡƤЦⲻЦ˵
ʡʡİɣһòģﹷҸ£ǰʲôģй˾ʡ
йȻ᳤ǴװͿɣһ£׵Ĳй̻ɱ˵ҽʲôأ˵
й˾Цô˵̻ҪٳŮΪʵ÷ɱˡ
йȻ᳤ɲҪŤʵˣұС㵽Ҹͣû뵽СǵɱҵĲ£Ҵ˹ҪΪĲֻعֱ̻׳˵
ʲôģ𵺳˭֪αرôûʵɡй˾ĵ
Ȼ֪ǾˣǲȫûĻǹԹԽй̻Ტ̻°ɡƿǲαɴ⡣
й˾ɨһۣ˵̻㳲Ǵй̻ȫ濪սˡ
ЦսǾ͵ÿйȻ᳤ϲˡ
й˾ΪȻ̻ʵй̻ǿ˶٣ȫ濪սĻܻй̻ᣬҲȻ˲أʱ𵺳ǻվȽŸ𣿡
ʵҲǿǵһ㣬̻һֱûй̻սȻҳǱȻʲô̡
й˾䣬ͷ㽫츽ԣС˵˼䡣
ͷĻй˾ɫȻһ䣬ĿҲֱֱһ׷ͷȥ
Ц˵û̻̣Ҫй̻ν׾٣йȻ᳤ڸı뷨ü
ⷬй̻˶ңǵĿȫͶǸİ׷ͷȻͷӦԮ
ԭй̻̻ᶼֻһһǳǿߣԲҲ࣬ʵ˵ǲಮ١£֪ǳ̣й̻Ȼͱپˡ
᳤ڿǺãͷСй˾ʵ
й˾ü˼Ƭ̣һ˿Ҷ쿴ȥ˳ºй̻ᶨ񱨡
й̻˵ĿⶼҶ쿴˹ȥȻǲ֪ҶʵʵֻҪϳ֣Ǳ˵аնԸ̻ǿߡȻҲδ̫ϣϾһʵ̫ᣬһǳ̵ΪҲδضԸ˶ԷǸ׷ͷ
й˾ĻĿҲǽҶ쿴ȥܹµӦþǻɱƽɽһɵ֡Ȼ˵ɱƽɽһɵǸˣ˿һ̲סЩ𾪡Ȼ𾪹𾪣ɲҶܶԸλǳ̡


747 ؾ
Ҷ쿪ڣйǽˣǰɡ
ȻҶһŮ˱ȽҲûǵˣѡ񲢲ΪŮ˶׶ҡ
Ȼ˿̣ԭʹֵֻ֣ԭ򲢲Ϊ˰й̻ᣬΪ˳Ķɱ孹˳˶Է̵ꡣ
ǰһȻ˵ǼһɱģҪĻұǡ
ҶԸ棬й̻˶¶ϲɫһʵΣٻһϣġ
й˾ĵҲ˼֣ͦţԷ֮ǰ˵Ƿԭڸı뷨ü
ŭⰻȻһߣ˵ΪôëСӾŻ𣿴ӽй̻ͽ𵺳ǳ
й˾üͷ壬ʵҶԸ棬ǲͶԷսϾսй̻˵ֻб׶
й˾ЩҲأΪҶбѹסλ׷ͷй̻ʵǲжԷճԿıȻǡ
ɾʱҶһڳ˶ǵզࡣ
һϰɣһ˾͹ˡҶ赭д˵ǰ˸졣
Ƭ̣ߵİ׷ͷŭÿСӣб¾ͽһ˵ţͷǰγߵѸͳҶ죬ҪϵСӸۡ
ӭİ׷ͷҶ첻ĴӱһγߵעԪӭ׷ͷ
ۣ
һ죬׷ͷԴڵأ๾Զ
Χ˵ӶɵùԲǸûҶȡ¶ԷԴģΪٶʵ̫졣
𾪣Ѿûʲôܹ˴˿̵飬һǳ̾ױĨɱˣ˶ǵһθоԼСδǰԼͲһ
ͨ׷ͷʬ巭ڵأ˶̲һ󾪲
ҶĿһŲȥȻ˵Ҫһأһأ
̻˵ɫһƬ࣬ž֣еʲѾ
ҶЦǲǾֻҹȥˡԱϣӰһֻ̻ǶжʱѪĽ߶ûüһ½ڵء
̶Ƭ֮䣬̻ʮ˱̱ڵأѪĴʣŨѪζڿӿ
й̻˶Ŀ࣬Ȼ̻ᱻ𣬶˵ĺ¡Ǵ˿̣Ƕ˷ܣеֻǾ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ֱҶ콫̵շй̻˶ԭء
Ҷߵй˾ǰʵ᳤Ƶ·ͼɻˣ
й˾һعæͷӦˣˡ˵Ѹȡ·ͼ˫ҶȥʶҶֶκԶһ־η֮ɫ
Ҷ·ͼ̯⿴һ۾ս˴䣬й˾ҪһЩʯȻȥ
ֱҶӰʧ˷γѰĻعٿǰǶʬ壬֮ɫû˿
뿪й̻Ҷֱҵ𵺳ǵվǰһе
죬Ҷ춼ɹδ˷Щʱ䣬һֱǱ̾ͬʱԪǲͣꡣ
;֪շת˶ٳУִﴨڸպİʱ֡
й˾˵ڸǶĸۿڣЩغһһȷĸ۳ǡ
Ҷ첢δڳﶺֱŸۿڱȥڹ·ϣѼƻãʱֱӰһҴȥ
ۿͣС˻һЩ˹ϰ˻Щװһһͻ𺽡
ʱۿдвٶǴʿߡҶɢһɨʱŵۿɢɢľǾۼʮ̡
Ҷüͷһ壬а⣺ô೬̾ۼڴˣĪҪȥˣ
˼Ƭ̣첽ߵһڻѱϢķǰʵ壬ôôأ
ͷ󺹣һñͣţҶʻ˵˵ʲôؾ쿪ˣЩǿ߶ȥѰء
ؾҶܿ˵ǸŪؾĪҲũؾһɼҩĵطۼĻ쾳ǿߣؾԲũؾǰ򵥡
ȻлѰҶȻʵʲôʱأ
˭֪쿪ʼ½˹ˣһ͸˰ɡӲ²
Ҷ룬ʣ֪ʲôȥ𣿡
ͲˡӴ
ҶûٶʣֻҪȣȻͿ֪ʲôʲôʱˡ
ǣҶһƫƧĽϥ
ҹʱ֣ۿڱƹյͨȻвٴڼӰӵװŻԱܸ峿
˴ϣֱ賿㣬ۿڷƬδܳã賿ĵʱдԱۿڣ޴óǰ׼
賿㣬ɫ΢΢ЩҪԶĴ½ê﷫𺽣ۿҲʼæµͬʱҲвٳ½
ߵʱһҼĴͿʹʻۿڣҿʹۣۿЩ̷׷򰶱߾ۼ
һĻҶҲӭȥ
Ҷ߽˶ѵʱΧͶĿ⣬˵ҲǣҶվ֮УȷʵԵرۡ
ڳ󲿷˶ʿһ㶼Ƚϸߣ߾Ӷ࣬ʮ˶ټ˵Ҷʮˡ
ЩҶҲ֪ģû취ΨһľǶЩĿ޶á
Ƭ̣Һʹ쿿ڰͣȣ˵塣
ʱ߳һˣΪ׵һϺɫͷò׵Ůӡ
ŮӣЩ߶¶֮ɫͷҲ۷ž⣬˵Ůӻһķ羰ߡ
Ůߵǰͣ½ŲļԱ˳ŵߵ˰ϡ
ͣ½ŲŮɨһۣ˶ҶʱĿͣפƬ̣ôһﶼرۡ
ĿɨȫŮ˵Цݣ˵ӭλ˳Ҹ̻ĿʹҽСӣ˴κ̽ȫдλˡ
СǷṩأȺһЦʵ
ʵС㣬һҪźôأ
˴κ̿Щ죬Ӧ㹻С㽫һˡ

˶ʱЦ
С㲢δЦ˵λ˵ϢҸ̻ɶϸļŶҪλʵҪźĻҲЧŶ
˶ʱȻԼã⸣̻ڶ孵ӦǼӴġ


748 
˶Сӱ˵ˣҶϴɡ
߷׷ȡһ˿˴СƬ飬½ϴ
ҶڶͷЩϴǰýƬЩԱ飬ӦǵǴƾ֤
ǰŲƣû߶ѵ˿ʹϾֻʣҶ졣
ԱҶ³˳һСӵӺȵСӣû߿㣬ɲˣĵط
ҪϴҶ򵥵˵
ϴ֪⴬ǿĵ𣿡һʵ
ؾ£Ҷڻش
֪⺣ؾǸ𣿡ʡ
Ѱ¡Ҷ
ѲҲȥѰһӳЦ
Ҷüͷһʵ𣿡
С˵СӣǿǳǿߵѰ֮أϹʲô֡
ôҾͲǳǿ𣿡Ҷ쵭Ȼʵ
㣿
Աӣ׷״Ц
ŵĻԱǡҶҲǶ¡
ԱֹͣЦСʵǳǿߣеǴƾ֤𣿡
ЩƬҶʵ
˵ûǸ̻ᷢеĵǴƾ֤ûеĻǳҲϴ
аɣҶʵ
˵Ϊⶫ򵽵ȥ̻ṩϸϢõ
СֵˣϻˣϽϴɡ
ЩԱתҪߣҶ˵ζҪϴģҪǲͨڵĻǿɾͱҲˡ
ӻͷŭ٣Ǹ̻аǰɣ
һ⴬ʻ˸ۿڣǸ̻ỹܵõ𣿡ҶЦ
СȻѵСӣɲҪ̫ˣΪ⴬ûҸ̻ĳǿ𣿲Ļ͸Ͻ
ҵҪǸ̻ĳǿߵжҶؾѵһѰ֮أȻװ״ʧԣǵ⸣̻ᣬҲõ
ߣԲСһְγϵߵ༸Ҳ׷׽˳
ۿһսݣһֱԹ۵СͻȻںס֣
ǼѾҶĴԱ׷ס˳ơ
ѵСַԸ
ЩԱȫԹԵĽСȻֻǸû˿ΪķŮӣڸ̻ӦЩλ
ȴԱǽСӱЦҶȻҲǳǿߣǾϴɡ
СӵĻǼԱüͷ
СӲС㣬СݲǴ
ʱȻͷ͡С˵
ǣСӦһ˵ʲô
Ȼ֪ŮΪλԼǴҶҲû̫࣬ллСͨڡ
ɡСЦ
Ҷ첻ٷϻ̤ϵ壬ȥ
뵽ϾҪˡС˵
šҶӦһȻֱŴȥ
Ҷ߽գСӴӶȡһƬ˿һ˿ɫȻƬϵҶ졣
ҿʹ㣬һֳټĴж̨ΣڶǲͿͷ
Ҷ߽һ㴬գʱ˲ٵĿ⡣
ȻСܵǵ˴ǱȻǳǿߣֻʵڽ˾ɡ
ҶûЩĿ⣬ֱߵһƧĽܿһλòŮӶ˾ˮ
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̨ʵС㣬·ûʲôֽĿأ
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һ·ڣһʱܿȥʱѾʻ˷ֻһ޼ĺˮ˿½ء
ҹĻ٣һƬûз磬΢ԣǳĵӰЩ΢÷飬һſϸҹںһ㡣
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СЦЦʵԵ𣿡
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Ǵ˾Ե𣿡Сʵ
Ҷ㶣˵˺ããԵο⴬ͷ£˳졣
ô˵ҲԵˡСЦʵ
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ҶԽԽ֣Ů˸òǶһ˰ɣǰСӣв²
ҶòСʵô˵أ
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750 
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ҶĿǰ״ҪԸ߶γ̿ɲ֮¡ο¥´ǻô೬̣δػԹۡ
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ҪСһУȻѾҶʵʵץסˡ
Ҷ£Ц޵СͷָͣƷϺãʺȥİƬ
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ˣҵɲˣҰɡСӼ
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߾˱ʷߵϣߵţЩľϵ赲֮£δܴߵĵ߽һ
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ȱʷڶҶȻ׵Žµĵذȥ
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Ҷһͣڰգ·ıʷЦͷ㻹Ķݡ
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Сɫߺ죬ߵǾͿûˡ
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752 
Χһ˫˫𾪺͵Ŀ⣬ҶݵЦЦ˵СѳˣŮ飬Ȫ·ҲͲįˡ
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Сһ𾪵ĿԶǺ˵һĻδܻй
潥ָƽҴѾըľӶʣˣȻû˴ЩǿҲ
Ҷ콫еСݻأС˵С㣬û˴ˣǾ;ҸĵطܰĶɡ
СɫһƬ֪࣬ԼѾΪ˶Է֮
СǾε飬Ҷ쳩ЦŲ󲽳ſʹǰķ񱼶ȥ
һʮЩˮѾԶԶ˦
Ԫ;ʣ޼ҶûշУȡսǿ󴬰壬˺ϣȻСڴ
վȺҶſ˻СӣЦ˵С㣬㿴˷һ޼ĺ󣬷·ϾֻҶһ㣬⾳ǲǷǳأ
СԹ޵Ҷ죬ҧؼ˵ԸҲҵġ
ﶯҪҪأʵǻҲûʲôӰ죬ˣֻҪþˡƽôŮˣɶ͵ĶϹ˻ûлһҲǼ¡Ҷ첻ΪȻЦ
ɥĲĻ쵰ҲóѵġС˵űҪȥȴҶ̽˻
ſң쵰СӲͣš
ҶȴЦ˵СҲţôҲȫʬҰȻء
СһѲֻܷ̱ڵأͰ͵Ŀ
Ҷûûε˵ȻһŮ˿ޣǣǶŮ˵ҿáԣ͹ԹԵܰɡ˵䣬ѾСȥ
СѾ͸ûзľżƵģҶڲ
ҶҲԹԵţܿ㽫СӰ˸⣬˴ϡ
忪ʼнҡĴźˮһžžСۺỨҧأȥϴĸоָоʵ̫ǿң̲סҪӭ϶ԷΪ˿Լԡҧ´ֻҲקȭͷָѾƤ⡣
󣬵ĸоﵽ۷ʱ̲סúߺ߳鴤
ºҶӣ޵ȻѾǷˣͦյġ
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Է޸ͣҶ첻ͷô޿νоƽܵʱ͵ܣҲˡ
СûҶ죬š
Ҷʼ˵ôϲޣͿ޸ɡ˵űһķʹ̾þָԪ;Ȼ·
Ƭ֮Ԫ;ѻָͣҶСһȻ𴬰ǰ
ʮԪľͣˬһѣָֻԪ·˵СӳҲֻǸˡ
һ߸·һˬʱ֣ǰĺϿһ죬ǼӿŲȥ
СֻаƴССïܵľ֮Ҷɢһ̽ŷ֣СƬһ״ĽƸš
ջؾҶ˵Īؾڣ
ǲǣ㿿ǵƣһ̽
һСӷ˵ˣˣҶˡ
СӶ˵ֱתźȥѾûٻȥ
ҶûΪ֪ŮǰΨһ··
ʵˣûдƾһÿĵ
Ҷε̾˿ȻתǰĽȥ


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ߵǰҶû׿ǽʰһʯͷƶȥ
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󣿡Ҷ˼Ƭ̣૵ӦþǽƵˡ
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崥ƵɲǣȻһǿӲĽ˸˽ȥ
ԴһѣǰĳȻı䡣
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ӵĴ󵶺ͷû˿ãɵ̱ڵء
Ҷǣһﲢǻˡͷɫǳʲ״խҸ߸¡𣬴ֱ򢣬沿Եŷް֣ȷе˵ӦǱ˹ˡ
ȻǶˣĪصˣҶ찵룬˵ⲻʧΪһϢ˵Ļص쾳ǿߣôԴ쳣ḻȻҪлߣҲа취عˡ
֮࣬ҶϽѣȴȫһΨѵ
һﲻܾʹѵɣҶЩ󣬲Ҳû̫࣬ȡһŴȡӵ꣬ȻѸȥ
߳ʮףƺʲôȻͷȥȴʬµʯ澹ȻǹŤűӵʬ棬ʧӰʬ󣬵ָֻƽƺʲôҲû
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ܿܵСݱϣСݸͷĴ󣬻Ӧó֮Ϊݡʮأֻ̣ͨо˶˳Ƭƴѿ侥ƽ״һ֡ٿƬҲǼΪ֣䷽Բ֮ڵʯ涼ѳһſŴСһʯǱѹһ㡣
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ִһʱ뵽ͷջֵ֣ɲǣ·ʯȻͻƺʲôҪ·һ㡣
Ҷ˲䷴ӦæӴܣ˳ףһӰƬʯ֮мҶҧ
Ҷ켱æȡ׵Ӱȥ
أ
ײ£ӰδˣҶȴʯ󵹷ɳȥһֱɳʮ׷ء
վƺҶҲڿǵӰòһһ״֣ͨ帲űƬľߣոȻӡ
ٻոǾյһĻҶĳţҪǼʱգڿѾԷ̽ˡ
ʮߵԴӣӸµĿҶ죬ֻȭͷľӷ͵ӫ⣬˵ġ
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ͬ쾳ʥ޵ʵҪʿǿࡣΪӴ󣬲ӵźʵƤףһ㹥ǺѶǹ˺ġ
Ҷƶϣǰֻʵ൱쾳ǿߡʶһ㣬ҶѾ롣


754 
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Ҷ콹˼Բ֮ʱѾ𹥻ſѪڣ¶ǺɭɭԷ۵糸֮Ҷҧ
ղǴζԿѾҶһûԿѸʩչײʮһСɽϡ
ǵ޷̫ãҶҲûмŽٻȳʩչףܲܽը
ɷ˵ϽСݴӾ׵ٻ
Сݶݳ׵ڿתһȦֶݻصҶͷҶ조ѽѽ֪˵Щʲô
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ҶУҶûٶ߾ֱžӭȥ
ǲɢϢûԴȥӲ˦β𡰺磬ƺƵҶɨȥ
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䣡
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ȻһغϵĽܵ˵ҶԿԪҵĳ֮ºķ˲ҲͬܵСĳɶԾ˵ƬѳҲֻƤ˶ѡ
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٣ȻŲˡҶ˵űվ˫ץסʹȫһΣûܰγ
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֪ᷢʲô飬ڴ˷ܣǽźͲ


756 
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֮⣬񽣲ӦҶܹоɢһɼΪϢãʲôһа
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ߣŲмЩͼᲢۣһðվһ̽û׼ˡ׻곰
Ҷʼ磬˵ȲѵʱҲǿȡģŻлرǡ
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׻ûٺҶִǰĲ񽣣Ƭ̺ʲôҲû˵ֱݻҶС
ڣҶøԪ׻ʵСط˳ԣ˵᲻ʵ޴أȻʿܹԽ쾳̤󾳣ǰ˵Ҳһ
Ǿ͵ÿطڶˣ޵ԶԶ࣬ɳٶҲԱȽϻ˵شѾõĻЩԭ;߱ʵȻп̤󾳡׻ش
һޣǵˣСʱɲܼȰҶ첻
ͷĺˣΪܹﵽ󾳵ޱȻѿǿ϶Ҳֻ֪ضӦòġ׻˵
׻ôһ˵ҶҲͷϣ˰ɡ룬ʵЩǿ߳ʱ쾳̶ȣӦþͲض˰ɣ
׻ش𣬲Ծڽ͵ɲǿ⣬ΪԽ쾳ᷢʵת䣬ͺñתΪԪԲʹöضֻĳ̶Ȳͬѡ
ԭˡҶԵЩźʵôԭǴ׻Σʱ̳ȣ¿ƺвͨˡ
ʱԾʵҶСѣͷʲôأ
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ԾصĲ²񽣼Ȼڰ᪴ߵ֮УкܼܿĴŰ᪴ߵ顣˵ĻӦǽǰ᪴ߵԲŻɢŨı֮
Ҷ켱æʵ᪴ߵǺηʥأѵǺԪӤһļһв
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Ҷһ˵ԼΣҾôԶԷܲõ
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ԶԷֱӣҶҶʱԷܹĴڣܿܺͶԷйϵ˵Էӵھ̽ܣ޷ɢؾｫžԵơ
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룬Ҷʵ֪ǹӰʲôʱʲôط֣
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վϿȣҶü˼Ƭ̣۾һ֪ˣҲ֪Ϊʲô޷ѹӰˡ
ΪʲôأŮӵŴ۾ʵ
Ҷ͵ΪǰԶһ߳ɽȻ볯ߣôƶ䶼ñɽסҪͨɽΨһ·Ӧþ˵ڹӰվϿȣű޿ɱܡ
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ⲻܰɣѲʲôɵֶΰңҶ컳ɵ
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Ȼ˵ؾ棬ʺʩչһ죬ǴƵġ֮ǰγԵԽߴѹԽǿֻһ˵Ļ׸ɽǿܹʵȥģҪһˣǾûôˡ
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ȻԼôǱ˵ǰѾﵽ쾳ʵҲǣطֻ쾳ǿߺ߲Ž߳ҲֻͨˣӦòɹꡣ˵ִĹضЩ쾳ǿߵꡣ
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Ҷܿ췴Ӧ󲽳ǰһץסҶȵ֣Ѹʩչһ죬ǽ˫Ŵӵ
ȻҶҶзȥʱ·ͻȻһһ֣ɳɵɳ٣ɳһֱӲסҶȵĽ
ҶһҽУҶңҵĽűסˡ
ʱСһС򣬽ɳٻϡ
ɳٱնϣҶȽϵǰɳɳɢ䡣
С裬ҶϵСк
СһݣԾҶͷ
Ҷ̤ŸһС±ȥ
嶥ϣҶȣ·濴ȥѻָƽʲôҲûƵġ
ҶɫɷףŴЩδ
ҶȻҶ˵ҿòٵˣֱӳȥǣνƻϲϱ仯ûҪȥЩ
Ҷ㶵ĿҶ죬û˵һֱԤ֪ܿΣաͻȻʧȥǾͺʧһ޾Ŀ־Ͳ
ԷǵӣҶʵô㲻𣿡
ңֻЩ¡Ҷ˵
ղѾһˣʲôµġҶ쿪
ǡҶȻ˵ʲôȴҶϣûʲôÿǵģҪǲߣҾԸˡ
ҶҲֻҧҧӦǺðɡ
Ҷûٵ飬һѽ𣬾ֱϿгȥ
ǵǱصΣգҶûҽӴ棬ֱʩչһ촩Խ߳Ͽȡ
ҶȽҶ죬ԵüΪҶᶪƵġ
˺ܿϿĵضΣ˵Կ࣬ǹĲ֮
ҶһǰУһ߽ɨ·ӵԪܺͷĵ˫ȻҵģϾĿǰ֪ʲô⡣
Թ·˶ֻһŨܵĺһӿ
һҶѿ϶ǹֻ꣬ũؾЩҪǿࡣ
Щ꣬Ҷ컹ǱȽ˽ģǵʽԪ弫ΪƣһǸ˿ЧԭʹԸʺϲģֻϧĿǰѾûս
ҶȻҲ·Ĺ꣬ҶûκηӦѵҶǹӰˡ
Ҷƽ˵֪ĺˣӦ޷ͻЩĵġȻľԹãôЩıȻҲЧ
ʵҲҶϣǹ괥ķɲǣȻҫ۵Ľâ귢һĲҽУǴһ㣬Ѹˡ
걻ĻˣҶǷ
Ҷ켥Цһ˵㵹ù͹ԹҵĽɡ
ǶھҶʮԶĵط۳ͣĶҶķģղһȻ˲СĿͷ
ҶƺҪԷսӣҶȲȰҶȻҿǣǻǸϽ߰ɡ
òϵܰװ״ʧҶ˵
ǹ굹ʮֻ飬֪УһͷԣϽͷܡ
ӣҶһаľʹ׷ȥ
ٶ죬գ֮׷˹꣬
Χס󣬷ҫ۵ĽâʹķĲҽС
Ҷ̤ǰȡһŴֱӽֻ
շ֮Ҷ˷ġ
ҶԵôΪ죬ɵʵҶǣǹӰô׾ٵıշˣ
Ҷ˵ãһҪԸɲס
Ҷ̫ллˡҶȸм
ûʲôлģˣǿԼȵġѾ˹꣬ǲӦñҵĴأҶаЦ
ţҶȵͷӦһҶһ¡
٣Ѿͷò°ɣҶʵ
ҶҵĳŶҶȺߴ˵
ôأôҲͰɣҶ첻
ҶæѵˮҶһ£ɬʣ˰ɡ
Ҷǻûʪ촽ȻЩˣǿصͷ˵ðɣθûʲô£ˡ
ҶȻǸˡҶ˵űסҶ죬
Ҷ̾˿˵ǰҵı˶ռˣܲǺ
ռءҶʵ
Ҷ˵ұôѵռұؿͷѹҿҪˡ
ҶһϽֱӣҶ롣
ҶߵͨĽҶĳͷִ
˵ǲӦøʲôܸоĳԽԽˡ
Ҷһɣæ˵Ҷ죬㲻Ҫ˼ˣǣǻǸϽ߰ɡ
ҶҲֻǿѹǹɳ嶯˵ðɣðɣ͵һʿˡ
˵ţ㲻ȥЩ£Ͽǰȥ
ûã˱ϿȣҶǣɽĶ澹һ
һ龧ɽ֮⣬ﻹֲҲζŴҩĿԸˣȻͬҲи޴ڡ
Ҷص棬ҶȷСҲͷ¡
ҵӦõΪֹ˰ɣҶҶʵ
Ҷȵ˵ͷҶ̫ллˣҪ㣬ҿû취ߵġ
˵̫磬ôֲȻڸޣԸ㲻ǵʳҶЦѵ
ĺˣԤ֪δءҶг˵
Ȱ㻹Ǳ̫ˣո㲻ͲСҶ˵
֪ˣһעģ˵ҺܿͻͬˣʱҲȫˡҶ˵
ͬҲɵģסˣֵطΣյľޣࡣҶɫѵ
ţһҶĽ̻ġҶӦ
Ҷ˵ͷ˵Ǻˣ߰ɡ
ҶټˡҶЩҶ
Ҷ˰֡
ҶҶһۣȻȻתǰȥ
ҶĿԶȥ˵ǸɱŮ˰˵õĽѰɡ
ֱҶȵӰҰʧҶ췽ջĿ⣬С迴ȥ˵СǼһҲ֪͵ĸȥˣҲֻܵϹˡ
ˣط֣ҺõСڰСǵ
ҶЦЦӣ˸СԴοĺˣСһٶȿúܣΣգҪӦûġ
С˵СԴ˵ţСܵô죬ô϶µġ
ҶǺһЦˣ·ɡ
ţСӦһȻҶĽŲ
һСɽҶԶԶһϤӰϲؽкάˣͬʱ첽ȥ
عͷҶȣһ˿ϲɫͬʱּһ˿
ɲǣҶȵĽŲȻͣƺԤ֪ʲô


761 ҩ
ά˵꿴ҲͶʮӣӺܸߣƫݣһͷǳɫ̷ž͸ëƵġ
ҶһǶߣǰоʱҲͬһ飬Թϵ
ҶȵķӦάһ㶣Ȼ֪ԷһԤ֪ʲô뵽ԼոտҶʱ˲ǸͷҲˡ
Ҷԭأά˲ɫЦʵҶȣôˣ
ûûʲôͻȻЩѡҶȸЦŻشάദô꣬ԷƷȻһġ֪ԷһֱĴ氮⣬Ļ֮Уѱ֤Էʲô
ô㣬ҲءάЦʣôأ
Ҷ΢΢һƬ̳ҲֻӲͷƤά˹ȥ
Ҷȣҿɫ̫ãǲﲻأάʵ
ǸոΣյԭɡҶڷܵ
ά˵˵ͷԭ㲻ǿԤ֪δôΣأ
ЩΣǱ޿ɱܵġҶ˵
Ҳǣˣ·ɾͺ߶ˡάЦ
ǰҶǿһ˿Цݡ
ǸϽ߰ɡά˵
ţҶȵͷӦ
Ȼ˱㲢·
һ̣ά˿˵ҶȣʵʵһֱҶϲ㣬ҵӦ֪İɣ
άἰ£ҶȵΣԽԽǿԭϣҵ취֮ǰԤ֪Σ¿ϣԽԽãˣ˵άˣ֮ǲܻнġ
˵Ҳ֪ûнһϣܵõİά˵
ûнİʲôأάˣһעܰġҶȰ˵
άͣ½ŲǻȵҶȣڴ˵ҶȣֻҪԸ⣬һͨܰ飬Ů֮
鷢չһƺѾҶȵĿƷΧǧټƵҪıǸķչվδԸļ٣ȴֲ֪롣
άˣңһǾǰĹϵȽϺʡҶҲֻܼ⼴ʧصľ档
Ҷȣѵ㲻ϲ𣿡άʵ
ǵģֻǣֻһû׼ãҪҵʱ俼ǿǰɡҶ˵
ȻҲϲңǻʲôÿǵء˵ţάǰһץסҶȵ֣˵Ҷȣϲġ
ҶŬҪֳأ˫ȴԷץסʹҲ޷ء
ά侲㣬ץʹˡҶȽ
Ҷȣңһúôġ˵䣬άһѽҶȲȥ
άˣ㲻ҪҶȲͣţѾʧȥǵļһ
ά˵Ѿԡʱ͸Ұ졣
ҶȺʱ򷴿Ѿ˿ãΨһľ˳ӶԷ˼ȻѰ
άˣʵʵҲϲ㣬ҲԸӸ㡣Ҷ˵
Ҷⷬά˵侲˼̧֣ͷ˷ܵʵҶȣ˵𣿡
ҶЦŵ˵ͷ
άֵȻھ°ɡ
ҶæѵάˣΣķܰء
ڣûʲôµģ˵㲻Ԥ֪δ𣿡ά˵
ҶȽ͵Ҳ֪Ԥ֪Ľʱܷı䣬µʱǶ̫Ͷˣ⵽˵͵Ϯء
ά룬ҲмֵǱҪһȫĵط
Ҷȵ˵ͷ˵ˣոҹ·Ͽһʮεɽһܰȫġ
άѱ˷ܳͷԣҲû̫࣬ͷӦǺã·ɡ
ţɡҶ˵űά·ȥ
Ҷ쿸Сɽ֮䣬ֻ۾ɵùԲΧĵɨţȻѰҩ
ûСǲʲô̧ᣬȻ󼤶˵ˣŵҩϢˡ
Ҷ۾һæʣĸ򣿡
СҶ£Ȼᣬ˵ߡ˵ű㳯Ҳ౼ȥҶ첽ϡ
Сܿ챼һС£Ȼ£ȷɽȥ
Ҷһں״ǰͣ˽Ų
綫Ҷʵ˵ҩ綫
С˵ͷ˵ˣɢҩϢ
ҶĨ˰Ѻʵ֪ҩʲôϢ
Сҡҡͷ
Ҷ캹ղѣô֪ɢҩϢ
ҲµСش
ãѹһʺʺҶû
С˵ͷŶѹɢҩζ
ҶСͷϴ˸˵ʺζҩζ
ˣôʺ𣿡Сʵ
û׼޸ոճһҩȻʺ¡Ҷ˵ʶţôһţ϶ʱ֮ɫɢһصζҺŹƵġϸţȻ۾һʮ㷵¶
ʮ㷵¶Ҷ첢İ̱үү½Ǹɽʮ㷵¶һռš
ʮ㷵¶ζΪ⣬ȻΪ嵭̺ʮ㣬ܹǹŨ
ҶŤͷΧɲʮ㷵¶Ǵǰʺɢġ
ܿ죬ǰʮԶһ꼫ΪϤ״ֲæ˹ȥ
ǰӽϸ۲
͵ɽ￴ǰһҪ۵öֻ࣬һ׶೤޴ֻڵϡȻǼƬȽϵҶѾʮ㷵¶⼸ʮ㷵¶ɢȻδ졣
ʱС̽Դᣬϲˣŵľζ
ոô˵ʺɢģҶЩ
СٺɵЦȻʣˣﲻժأ
û죬˲ժҶش룬˵Ҫ˰ɡ˵ڳʵЩϧųҲñ޸Ե
С˵㽫̽˶ӡ
Ȼܹʮ㷵¶Ǳ˵ȷʵŲϡҩû׼ܴΪ׵ҩ
ˣ߰ɡҶתȥСͷ
ո߳ɽȣȴӰԶԶҶ쾫һܵһСɽºͷ̽ͷ˿ȥܿϳһˡ
Ůô߻ˡҶૣȻҶȡ
ٿҶȱǸ꣬Ҷֽ˼֣ȻܹҲǸߣҶ֮ǰ˵Ļ顣
ʱҶûԷǳԼģҲ


762 ѡ
ҶԤ֪ҶǰɽͷɫĴά˳Ҷڵķȥ
ҶȣжԶأάѾЩȲˡ
ǰˡҶ˵
˼ǰȥ
Ѿƽʮ׾룬Ҷûٶţת첽ȥ
ҶѾԤ֪ЩӿŲǰתȥתǴʱѸƹתǱܿάˣһҶ챼ȥһߴ󺰵Ҷҡ
ҶͻأĽкάʶϽ첽ƹתǣֻҶһӿ񱼶ȥ
һĻϵҶȸոкɵҲ֪ˡά˵ҶȵΪֱѣܵѹֵܵȱѣŭû˿ԥ˦ֱ׳һߣҶȱϮȥ
ҶԤ֪һ㣬ά˳֮ʱѸٽһ࣬յıܿ˻ߵĹ
άȻ֪ҶȻԾڻһߺѸٻ˵ڶߡ
߹ļʵ̫̣ҶȱܿһܿڶżΪ֪Ҷ־ġ
ʵҲϣڵڶϮ֮ʱһƬĻƾճ֡
أ
ײڹĻϣըɻ𻨣ɢһա
ҶȰȫִҶԡ
ҶһίӣҶɻʵѾͷôͰ͵ģʲôأ
ҶʲôҲû˵ֱ˽Ҷ컳
ҶͶ˻ά˸ǲȻŭɱԹŮһȫ棬һһ㣬ڵҶȥ
Ҷ֣СѾӭάˣ;Сһţ߸ͽȻգ۹ʹһСһֻӴĻޡ
ӭĻޣάŵסŲȭһһ
СԭǻԵ֣¶ԷĻ棬ȫӭϮһ𣬴һţֱάҧȥ
ۣ
һС裬ûв˿Чһ룬СѾһڵסάˣȻԴһ˦ص˦˱ϵĿɽϡ
أ
άȫɢЩƺһķãά˱δˣСĿ־ԶԶԽκϵʹΪСϵĻݵĻҪǿࡣ
ά˴ӵҡͷһֵĿС裬ﰧҪɱңҪɱҡ
ҶҿɡҶĲ̣ϾԷĻ飬Ŀȥ
Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵ȻҲ֪֮䷢ʲô£ղŷɱ㣬ȻѾ鵽زֺͬء
ҡҶԶԡ
ҶֵŻɽȰ㻹
ҶĬάǸرˣ裬һưոݵġǣҪά˵Ǻݲ
ҶûҶ˵֪ѡˡ˵ţ˦׳һöάˡ
άûֻ塣
С߰ɡҶСк
СһܻصҶǰ
ҶûάˣҶȱתȥ
ĬĬһ̣ҶȻ̲סʵҶոʲôأ
Ҷ˫һ̯˵ûʲô㲻˵Ҿ¡
Ҷôһ˵ҶȶʱЩˣҶңҺú¡
ʲôأҶʵ
ƭһˡҵģºᱨҡҶǵ
Ȼô£ﻹҪأҶʵ
ңҲ֪Ҷüͷ
ҶǺһЦ˵ĺˣǲлᱨˡ
ҶŤͷҶ쿴ȥʵҶ㣬ոɱˣ
Ȼôţֺα֪ЩأҶ˵
ҶЦ⣬мҶлл㡣
ллѾ˵˲ʮˣ˵˵ûʵжûʲôŶҶаЦ
ǣҶһ¡Ҷȵͷɬ˵
Ķ𣿡ҶЦʵ
ҶȸͷȻ뵽ʲôæȻֻֻϡ
Ǻðɣ۾ҿҪˡҶ˵
ҶȹԹ԰۾ҲԿҶ൱ˡ
Ҷ츩סĴȥȻֱסһǡ
ҶûзҶ顣
Ƭ̣Ҷ׼ֽ̧ҶͻȻŲ죬˺ŵ˵Ҷңһû׼áԤ֪ʲô
Ҷ첢δǿЦЦ˵Ǿ͵׼ټɡ
ҶȵͷӦһ
ҶɻʵոǼһﵽ׷ʲôˣö˶˵ĸҪɱأ
ҶȽ͵ΪҪᱡңֻܹȴӦȻüƽƭ˹Ҷȡ
ԭˣСҲʲôöҶ˵
ҶԵЩ˸УĽֲϣġ
㱯˵ģҶתƻ⣬˵һ̰ɡ
᲻ᵢҶгأҶЩ˼
ҶҡͷЦûϵûй̶гֻ̣Ѱһ飬˳;ѰһЩҩ
ȻǾ鷳ҶˡҶȸм
òſҲ;ܸʲôءҶ컵Ц˵
ҶȺû˵
ˣϽ·ɣ˳Ԥ֪һҴɼʲôϡҩ
ǣһޱ·
·ϣҶȿС裬˵ҶСأղžȻܹ˲ô󡣡
СŭĿҶȿȥǽҶŵ˿
ҶЦСһɲʲôСС衣
ŶҶǲö˻أҶȺʵ
ǰҶͷӦ
ҶæֺõСʵС裬ãܸ㽻𣿡
С轫ԴһƲһȻ̬
ҶءҶȾɥ
ǺǣСһ߰úأΪո˵С˰ɡҶЦ
ҶСǸС裬ոҲԣǸŶ
СȴҶͷ˹ɽҶȿЦá
һ·ϣҶȷ˺һŰС忪ģԸѾƣ벻ѡ
û˯أҶʵ
ҶȰƤҡҡͷҲ֪طֲҹ֪ǰ컹ϡ˵ִ˹Ƿ
㻹˯һɡҶ
Ҷȵ˵ͷ˵Ҷòң˯ŵʱԤ֪ѵʱǿԤ֪ʱҲӳ࣬ΣյĻԼġ
Ҷ룬˵ǾС±ɣ⸽ҿûҩ
ǺðɡҶȴӦ
ǣҶС裬ԸȥѰҩ


763 Ů
ҶһڸЩɽϹתԴӽɽǲժ˲ԪҩģΪЩϡҩȴһζҲûš
֪ؾãԣֶȥѰңϣãҲװݡϾֻʵ̫ѵãҲֵֻطҵΪ׵ҩġ
󲽵һ龧ɽվɽϣҶĿɨӣȻĿһǰ
Զһɫڻƶǹŵĸͷ󣬲׸ߣԲΣΪ̫Զ޷Ŀ
ʲô⣿ҶΪɡ
ںĵʹ£¿ɽǸſ
һ̣ھһɽͣ̽ԴСǹſȥ
һΪǸ֮оȻһʮСŮ
ȫģƤѩݽһͷصɫĳӨӨĹâȫҲɢ⣬ʮȴּ졣
ϣҶо˿Ϣƺһ࣬һ壬ɢİҶ쾪̾ѡ
ʱ׻ƺҲҶ˳ǰŮʱϵ֮ɫ˿Ҷ졣
۲Ƭ̣׻ֹû뵽һﾹȻҲ
׻ֹҶʵСʶ
׻Ƭ̣ſ˵ǺŮ
Ůʲô˻ǹҶɻʵ
׻ش˵ˣǺͱһˮꡣ
ˮꣿҶΪ𾪣ôһܵˡ
Ϊϲط𣿡׻û
ҶƲ죬ֵȻ磬ͬ࣬ôȥкأ
׻ϸŮ۲һ²ĿǰӦʧ״̬
ʧ״̬ʲô˼ˣҶʵ
ɣֻһ壬óȻǻΣա׻˵
Ǹ崿ɰڼСãû뵽ȻôΣյĽɫҶź
ˮ֮Ϊģ˵ӵ˫Ը񡣡
˫Ը˸ѣҶɻؿ׻ꡣ
׻˵ͷ˵Ҳô⣬£ˮǳΪǰ⸱Ů̬ŭ֮ʱͻתΪ״̬Ǹʱࡣ
ô˵ǰŮŭĻͻһ״̬ˣҶʵ
׻ȴҡҡͷ˵֮ǰ˵ǰŮʧ״̬ӦǾ֮߱ϡ
Ҷһ˼ǣˮһΪˣ
ˡ׻˵
һأҶ׷ʵ
ҲؾĳطҲ硣׻겻Ǻܿ϶˵
˵ؾ᲻ǰ⺣ŮйأҶ컳ɵ
ȻϵģҪȻƾʿ⺣֮ӴĿռ䡣׻ش
˵ҲǡҶֹһǺŮȥһֻʧǵһ㣬Ŀεš
źŮԶȥҶŤͷ׻ʵСѵǾôȥ
㻹ôţ׻ʵ
Ȼ޼ҿɹ飬Ҫ۾סҵɡҶһڴ˵
Ļȥԡ׻û
һ취û𣿡ҶЩźòô֮Ȼû֮ⲻò˵һ¡
ӵˮϵǿ㽫շ㲻߱ˮϵǱҲΪˡˣ۲ˣϽ߰ɡ׻˵űݻ
ԵǣҶҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ţŲĿ⣬תȥ
Ҷѱ˸Щɽȵ깽ǣȴֻҵһЩԪԪ鵤ҩġ
׼ѰΧԶĵطʱСͻȻҶȴҴҸ˹
ҶҶҶԶ㽹Ľкʲôµӡ
Ҷ첽ӭȥʵôҴææģʲôأ
ҶǰҶѸٴС豳£ǰץҶ첲ҶȥȾȶ櫰ɡ
櫣ʲôأҶɻ
ҵĻ飬ҲҪõѡҶȻش
ʲôأҶʵ
챻ɱˡҶȽǵ˵
Ԥ֪ģ
ţҶͷֵҶ·ϣ·͡
ðɡҶӦһȻҶһС豳ϡ
Ҷȵָ£Сٶǰȥ
·ϣҶҶ콲ո˯ʱԤ֪ǽг̣;˶櫣ѾһϢˡ
Ǳ˭ˣҶʵ
ҶȻشһֻޡ
ʲôޣҶʣȽЩ˽Ϳ׼
ҶϸһȻϸһֻǳֵޣ˵壬ߵ֫βֱۣͣϻһԳĳͺѼһ֮롣
ȻôֵޣҶúղѡ
Ԥ֪ľһֻҶ˵
ðɣλӵʲôأҶʵ
ҶȻشӵп¶ȵܡ
¶ȣʲôãˮ󷹣ɣãҶЩ
Ҷ˵櫿оߣ¶ܿɲ˵ô򵥡
εأѲ˲佫˸ˣҶɵ
櫵ҪǱڽϣڶʱ¶ȡҶȻش
ȣҶôһ˵Ҷ컹Щˡ
Ȼ֪¶ȴﵽȵʱκʧһﶼ˶ʽȻԶҲ޷ﵽģֻޱƽһƽ¶ȣǿ˲ʧ
ǸҶ˵һ¶ȣɵֵκιɻκηɻɱκˡ
ȻͬôôᱻɱأҶ컳ɵ
ҶȽ͵Ϊ櫵оƵģֻܲٿطԲ֮ڵ¶ȡ
ôһ˵ҶҲ׹ˣϵľǶǿܵ㡣Ͼӵп¶ȵ֮⣬෽ͺͳ죬˵ٶȣʹھԵơû취֮ڣôǿҲ޼¡
ЩߵȻţƣ۵սһҶ쳰Ц
ֻҪǿǷǳġҶ
㣬Ҷ쵹ͬģڶ孵ĵʵɱùǺҵǣ˵ûȶҪȻٵϼС


764 
֮СҶȵָ֮£һƬɽ֮СƬɽڴݲ澡ǺڻɫӲþ͸ʯƵġ
ʱɽһˣҲ˵Ǹ櫻ûй
ҶС豳룬ҶʵλͬŻҪòŻᵽأ
Ϊ˯״̬¿Ԥ֪СʱԺ飬ݵʱԤ֪ұҪ˯һСʱߵܹСʱҡǰһСʱ˹ڲСʱʱϵҲ˵ԭȵִʱǰһСʱĿǰһûԤ֪櫳֣˵櫵һСʱŻҶϸط
ҶЩͷתԴ˵ˣ¸˵ЩӵԤ֪櫹ʱٸҰɡ
ţҶȵ˵ͷ鼴˷ܣǲ˷ܵǣԺܿˣǣ֪ܷԸֻ
ҶһǵӣҶ˵ڼҲûã㻹ǰĵϢɣȥΧ̽һµΡ
ţҶȴӦһԱߵ龧ʯ
Ҷʩչһ죬Ծղ̽ΧĵΣԱΪսó׼
ɨҶɻصҶߣأҶȱ㼱ȵ˵ҶԤ֪ˡ
ô˵вһСʱʱܻˡҶڵ
ţҶȵͷӦ
Ҷʵ֪֪ǻζԸֻأ
һûԤ֪սҶζԸֻ㻹ȱ֪ΪãҪȻԤ֪ĽòȷҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷǾ͵ΣյʱҰɡ
ţҶӦ
ţҶһԱĿҶһӡʱ櫽ֵǸȿʱ۾Ԥ֪սʱƣɫԽԽѿȻԤ֪Ĳʲôý
ʱһһţҶ˵һСʱǺ
ʱҲܻȥһСʱĵȴڽ
˵ӭ֮£Ǹж櫵ŮڴǰǸȿ˽
ǸĸʮŮӣһͷػɫĳƤܰףòȻҶȣҲ̫
ʱɽΧڵĿռŤţܶƬŤĿռ俴Ѽˮ
ڶ櫳ɽȺƬ̣Ҷ㿴һ׸ߵĹڶ׷ɽȡ
ֻͺҶһģһ˵壬ߵ֫βֱۣͣϻһԺѼһĳͨ帲ɫۣе񰢷ǰֻĴͷǴԵġ
ֻҶ쳣أΪֻΪϵΪƺҪԶʤϴɫ
ʱС跢˵ˣһֻ
Ҷͷһæʣѵ֮
ţСӦֵƺѹסˣڽҸ߳һΡ
Сôһ˵Ҷ쵹һжϣСĿǰʵӦ쾳ӣֻһΣҲǰ쾳ʵȻҲ̫öԸٲʲôԪӤĹ
ҶСԻ֮ʣҶһ櫻֣һߴ󺰵櫣ܣ
ҶȵĺԵЩ죬ŤͷѭԶҶȣæҶȣܣ
Ҷ򺰵櫣ߣǿԴֻġ
ԥƬ̣ǵҶӵԤ֪ҲͲٹ˼ɣתҶȥ
Ŷ櫵ĿҶԸоһɭɭĺӭӿ
ھԶͣ˽ŲȻѾҪȻվԶԱɱˡ
ֻʮִԷһޣΪʮ׿ͣ
û׷櫴һڴҶʵҶȣĪԤ֪Σգҵģ
ţҶȵͷӦ
Ҷ쿴ȥʵҶȣ˭أ
Ҷһ·ҺüأΪ˾㡣Ҷȴ
ҶллҶȡϵҶʾл⡣
Ҷ쵭һЦ˵
˵ֻʵûǱսȻǶҶʵʾɣϾԷߣߵʵһ㶼ǺȵģԷߣʵȻʮޡ
׷׷ôҪ˦ûôסҶ˵
ǣƾǵʵԸֻǵ
Կ˵ɡҶڵ
û˵ʲôȴǴС̣Ҷǹ￪ս֮ʱûҶߡ
Ҷû̫࣬ѸСԸС裬
ţСӦһȥ;ͽȻ̼һֻޡ
һοСĶȻǴһȻСܶԸֻΪԺʵһġ
С趯ͬʱҶѴӺڲȡ˾׵ҪʩչնͻϮҶͻȻѵҶǧҪ
ҶǸոıײķȻסʱСѾ嵽˺ǰԶֱֻֻ۳һǹٶС̶̽ȥ
ʶĳٶȣҶͷһҶȼʱѣոóȻʩչնȥĻµñЩǹ
ӭİѱǹСֱ³һ˺ɫ
ЩǹЩС죬һɹɰȻǱڻˡ
СʥޣĻͬѰĿǰޣȻܹ⺣ˮϵ
ԼıǹԷڻȶǶᣬӯܿС˻
СܹӦԺĹҶҲͷ׵ֽٵȡ˳
Ҷɢ׼ʽʱ򣬶櫽ҶһԱߣ쵽ߣС˵ҶȣǸϽûܰɡ
ҶһҡͷܾĻҶġ
üҪǲûܣǾ͵ȫûˡ
ֻҪҴԸҶСһֻܹġҶȿ϶˵
櫼Ҷȣֻûô򵥣ҲӮˡ
Ҷ¶֮ɫǰ߷սҶ죬оǲǸ⡣
Ƭ̣ᶨ˵櫣Ҫ߰ɣҶо֮ҲˡοҶΪҲվģҲᶪԼġ
ҶȣǺοأ̾Ϣ
Ҷû˵ʲôޱȡ
ҲͲٹȰ˵ðɣȻ㲻ߣҾɡ
櫣лл㡣Ҷȸм
ЦЦҸлл㣬Ҷȡ


765 
һɢҶ۳һ׵Ǻ𹥻Ȼ׵ʮޣҲܶԺ𵽸á
ͻ׵ĽһŲɱܿ׵Ĺơ
ߣһô㡣Ҷֹһɢ
Сһ˿պƣٴγ
⺣֪ǲóսǶСɻ䣬ûСԿѡܡ
ʮ׿⣬һֻһǹ
ʱҶͻȻкҶ
ҶڿԾ𣬶Ծɲǣıǹ·ɹ
Ǵӽŵ´ıǹҶ˰Ѻ֪ԼǰǼĶ֣ƾͨıǹԽԪܸˡ
һζСҲ׷һţеĻϵȫлۣγһСİɫ
ΣС𹥻ʯһ㣬Լٶȥ
СۻͬʱҲ׼۳һˮ򡣼Ϯˮ׳Żӭȥ
ˮڿײءһ죬ˮ򼸺˲䱻Ҳ˴󲿷ֻʣȭͷСϮȥ
ǹһӱ㽫С
ȻСܹ÷ٵɢĻϵҶҲͲϵɢΪС֧Ԯ
˫쳣ңһпϾҶǹҶȵ֮£ҶоյıܿǹĹ
ιգϽĿתҶȡ
ΣգҶѸٶ㵽˶櫵󣬺֪ԼĹԶЧҲû˷ͣŲλãͼܿ櫵ڵҶҲʱĸıλãú޻ɳˡ
һЩջˣܿСһڵҶȳ˹ȥ
ԺٶȣҪƿҶȷ𹥻׾ٵģۿźҪǹȣҶ켰ʱʩչײҶȶС
һգŭ̧ͷе˿ȥһˮ
ʱСѴӺһĳһˮ
Ƭ֮ˮ۳ͣ˦ֱеҶȥ
ˮ;㱻С³ĻԲģ³һݣһ֮±ѶҶǰ쳤Ϊֱ׵ľݡ
Ҷæٵȥٵĵ״̴ݱڣȴδܽơ
һ룬ݽҶһ˽ȥ
Ҷȣ·ݴʮ׸ߵĿУﲻκæֻ۰ͰͿţż
˱ݹס󣬺ٴ죬ǽݸ˻ȥ
˱̽˶ӣŭҪɱ㣡첽ȥ
ҶֻԴһΣָȴأһƬޱ߼ʵ󺣣ҶںϿա
Ҷ⣬ʲôطأҶȻֵ̿Ļܡ
Ҳ֪ҶҲ󲻽⣬ɻǣ˿δʩչһ죬ȴӯƯڿУƺﲢڡ
ҶҲܿʶһ㣬ҶҸоƮƮģͺʧ״̬Ƶġ
Ҷ˵ͷʵԤ֪ʲô𣿡
Ҷȱ۾ڤƬ̣۾ŵҶҵԤ֪ܺʧЧˡ
Ҷüͷ壬²ܵռӰɡ
ҶǸôأҶȽʵ
𼱣취˵ţҶøԪ׻˳
С֪ޣҶʵ
Īĺ׻ʵ
ǡҶ
Ѳɱײˣ׻ʡ
ǰոұݸסˣȻĪһƬ֮ϡҶ콲
˵Ӧ֮ڡ׻²
ʲôطҶɻʵ
Ҳ׻͵
ҸӳȥأҶʵ
׻룬˵ֱӵİ취ǽˡ
Ƭռ俴޾ӣҸδݻأǰƬ嫵Ŀռ䣬ҶЩ޴֡
ֻʵأ׻ʵ
ҶشС˵ܵƣĿǰӦ൱쾳Ϊ
ʩչ׾Խݻˡ׻˵
û취ڻҪʩչأҶɻ
ˣɴŴ׻ѵ
Ҷ쾪ʵЩܹң
ûʲôԵģֻٶѡ׻국Ȼ˵
ȻˣǸϽʼɡҶ첻ٵ飬̧־ǰܿ죬оһɿ񱩵ӿ˳žĻۡ
ҶʲôأҶȺʵ
ֻҪռݻ٣ǾͿӳȥˡҶ򵥵ؽ͵
ŶҶӦһȻûٴҶ졣
ԴԴϵĴ׻³Ҷе׵򽥽ַͣʽʩչףȷʵûСݸÿ١
֮׵۳ͣҶԥԶȥ
׵򻮹һĻߣ˰ĺϡ
䣡һ
ԭƽĺ˲䲨ӿƬ̺ռ֧顣
һѣҶҶȱһƳ
Ҷȳ櫽кһϲ
ҶӵǺȥݻ٣̱ڵأ˻ʹ
ˣ㽫ݻ𣿡Сǰʵ
ţҶ˵ͷ
Ѱ·Сֻ
ǰ˰ɡҶЦЦԸ
ţСӦһ嵽ǰһ棬ֱӽճ˻ҽ
˺ССȻںĹǻҶ٣ٳһҺ˴СɫӡһڵתܵҶǰ˵ˣֻ
ҶСӹõǰ۲޺Щƣ̺ԲͬңҪࡣ
۲Ƭ̣Ҷ콫ս䣬˵СҲޣӦÿʵ
ţСڳͿԱøˡС˵
ҶЦЦһתͷҶȿȥ˵ȻѾͬˣǾֵɡ
Ҷллһ·϶ҵչˡҶؿҶ졣
мĻòŶ˵ˣ·;Сĵɣط±ҪΣࡣҶѵ
ţǻСĵģҶǾȸˡҶỨȻתȥ
ĿŮԶȥҶС·
һƬ޹ɽһߴޱȵľ޷Ȼ޷嶸ޱȣԴֱ̬졣
ʱ޷ϣʿȿֺΪ޷ķ嶥һҫľͻʹڡ


766 
СҶͷƤ˯ӡ
Ҷ춶˶򣬽лСһˡ
СƤ΢΢Щʵˣôҩʲôأ
Ȼ¡Ҷش
ô൤ʲôأСʵ
ôϻϽҵɴҡҶѵ
ŶСӦһƤȴǻȥ
ʱҶͻȻк쿴ǲС
СȻɵùԲСڣСģѰٲСӰɻʵˣСأ
Ҷ쵭˵㲻ɴ۾ôҵõСڡ
ˣСˡСü
иƨãϽɴ۾ҡҶѵ
ŶСӦ
Ƭ̣СͻȻˣҺ˴
ĸأҶͣ½Ųʵ
СŤתԴһ˵Ǳߡ
ǹȥưɣû׼ܼ֮Ҷ²Сʾķȥ
һС£էǰɽͷòɿϸһҶͻȻͷƺЩ죬˼Ƭ̣ĵıɽžսһСɽǱȥ
ܿСɽͷͷȥǽǸ˳ˡ
һͷ֮ǰܴϽֵȪ־һͷĺ̻ⳤϡⳤĿǰΪȻͻǴﵽǰڣǣԴȪ־߶γ̣·磬ƺѳŲ˶ˡ
ǿ˶Էһƣⳤ֪ʵУֻʶӡ
Ȫ־δ׷ȥԭأߵⳤϱ̣ͬʱдȣ̡ƿɱֻءһһâգⳤϱ󼲴̶ȥ
ⳤϾת𽣸񵲡
ᣡ
âⳤеĻ𽣣ϵĻ˲䱻ɢâྡྷⳤϵԪϡǡءһⳤǲдԪӦâྡྷÿѪĵˡ
˼ⳤһؿڣһųǿ֧ӡ
֧ǣ¿ͷҾͷ㡣Ȫ־˵
ⳤŴصҪɱɱҪо͹Уүүǰҷ͡
Ȫ־Ҳ˶ڶţ١
ȻԲͨȪ־ҲͲٷϻߵ׼ⳤһ
ɾʱҲͻȻݡһһöŴȪ־ȥ
Ȫ־ͷһæ׼Ϯⳤϵߵȥ
ᣡ
뱻
˸£ʲôˣȪ־Ϯķŭȵ
ҶҲٶأͦصĴӿɽ˳ЦȪ־ʵСӣϵүү𣿡
㣡Ȫ־üͷŭ
ⳤҲܿϳҶ죬ϲĽкҶϣ
ҶⳤϿȥ˵ⳤϣ˱˰ɣͽˡ
ⳤϲĵѵҶϣǿߣɵСĵ㡣
֪ҶӦ룬ͷСԸС裬͸ˡ
ţСӦһҶ£ŴȪ־ȥ;֮УͽȻ󣬿ɰѴȪ־һ
ⳤȻ˵Ҷһֻޣ»ǵһۼʶЩ𾪡
СȪ־ͬʱҶתⳤȥ
ⳤϸǰҶץ֣ķ
Ƭ̺ⳤϵѲȬҶջ֣Цⳤϸоõ˰ɡ
öˣллҶϳȣȻϷ򲢲ǿɾûȥˡⳤЦ
ҶǺһЦ˵ⳤϣЩҪİɡ
ţⳤϴӦһȻҶߵɽ£
ºⳤʵҶϣ֪кҪϷ
Ҫǹؾ£ⳤϿ֪ʲôؾҶʵ
ⳤԵЩɻ󣬡Ҷϣ㲻֪ؾνأ
ҶЦЦ˵ⳤ֪ǴӶǱߣһͬġ
季Ҷϣ㣬ʲôʱܶȥˣⳤϴΪ졣
˵ǴȥĶ季ȻִӶ붫ڽ磬Ҷ򵥵Ľ͵
ԭˡⳤϵͷ׹ؾҲûʲôر֣Ϊλں֮ϣԱ㱻Ϊؾ⺣ؾʮ귽ſһΣŴɲҩһʿǳЩҩġ
ҶʣؾῪأ
ⳤϻشһЩ׵ļؾʱǲ̶ģʮ쵽ʮ֮ڡ
Ҷ˵ͷʵǲʱһͻᱻԶͳȥأ
ⳤҡҡͷ˵ؾǲὫ˴ͳȥģҪиؾڱպ֮ǰ뿪
أȻǰ
Ҫ˵ڣʵͷһƬڶǳڣֻҪЩ͸ڵĿɽȻͿԳȥˡⳤָָҶ˵
Ҷ̧ͷ˿ʣҪжϳǷҪպˣ
ⳤĵػشƬڻὥ͸ɳ͸ʱѹҲˣǸʱʺ뿪
Ҷ룬ʣҪûܸڳڱպǰ뿪ʲôأ
Ҳûʲôغֻǵ϶ʮꡣʵÿζдʿΪ棬ʮֺеʿѾ˰뱲ӡȻջǺܴģʮｫ᲻ǿʥޣֻǵйʿԺܶ˻ѡ¡ⳤ˵
⵹Ҳǡⳤϵ˵ҶʮͬģûϵΪҲֻ·һ
ţⳤͻȻ뵽ʲô˵ˣҶϣ˴һǿ߽˽ؾģ㲻Ҳһͬаɡ
ؾģѵؾʲôأҶʵ
ⳤϻش⺣ؾıԭشÿʢһ龧ǡ龧ʢʿӦö˽ĵش龧
龧ʲôأҩ𣿡Ҷɻʵ־̸Ҳûζҩ
ϸ˵龧ҩؾĴĺŨۣ٣ﵽ֮ʱ񻨶һʢⳤϸؽ
ҶȻ֮龧ʲôôأ
ⳤ˵еļأ龧ʽʿĹ̼ΪƣֻҪһƬ꣬൱ʮʮꡣ
ô˵ҽһ仨ȥ˲Դﵽ쾳ԲˣҶ̰֮ɫΡ
ⳤϺǺЦ˵龧ֻΪܷãҶҲֻܷһƬ꣬ҪȻǳܲסġ
ⳤⷬҶźⲢδӰ쵽龧ͷ


767 
ⳤϣĵشҪôأȻȥ龧Ȼ巽
ⳤϻشΪıԭ±ѩǣֻҪϸߴܿǸǰããһƬҶûµĻԸϷһͬǰȥ
ҶЦҡҡͷ˵һѰһλͬ飬ԾͲⳤһء
ֻɫޣⳤʵ
ǡҶ˵ͷ
ⳤҲٶʣȻϷҲͲǿˡ
ⳤϣǻĶЩ˽أҶ
ǻӶЭ᳤죬Ҳǿ߽ĺ̻ᣬϷ֮⣬лϵˡⳤ˵
Ҷ룬ʣ˭أ
ⳤϻشҶԶΪס
ΣҶüͷ𣬡ϼһӦа쾳Ϊɣ
ⳤϵͷ˵ûεΪӦѾﵽǺڣǴ˴һܹ龧ͻưǣﵽԲ
龧ӦֻһɣôҪôأҶЩɻ
龧ĻΪ٣˲սʿһ⣬ʣµӦǰղսĹ׽з䡣ⳤ˵
ʱСƨƨߵ˹ˣֻѾˡ
ԶȥֻȪ־һڵϣľ̿һ㽹ڣð̡
ⳤϴΪ죬ʵҶϣֻʥҲʵ˰ɣ
ҶЦ
ⳤ棬¶Ľ֮ɫκ˵ӵһֻǿʥޣǿ֮¡οǰ˾Ȼӵֻʥޣܲ̾Ľ
Ҷû˵ʲôŴȪ־ʬȥʬǰȡһŴ
ţҶȥ
ⳤϷֱҶʩչһ죬߿գܻһȦܿ㷢Ҳ෽ľͷΪһؾĴıԭش
ջĿ⣬ҶҪص棬СͻȻкˣǰж⡣
Ҷ˳СĿ⿴ȥȻǰԶһʵɽ嶥ϣ˸Žâ
Ҷ۾һ²ѵʲô
ǷбҶ춼ǰȥһ̽
ǣæи߶ȽЩ̤Զɽ弲ȥ
νɽҶ÷ɽ帽
ǰһƬ޹ɽ꣬ɽɽ
޷ͨӨӨ龧ҿ󹹳ɣ׸ߣɽ֮У·嶥Ѵеؾڡ
ʱǼֱĶ±ϣдʿȿֺ
̧ͷ嶥ȥֻɽĶһҫľͻʹڡ
ⶥʹڣҶӵʱɵùԲҲϲ֮ɫ
Īǣǵ۹ڽ˵еļѹ֣޲Ϸ嶥ժ
ܿ侲ɽ￴ȥֻɽ֮ۼŴʿ˻ġ孺Ͷʿ֮⣬вٰɫֺɫ֣ӦǴǱߣĴѼȹʿ
Щʿһģ֮΢ĺƽʱ̧ͷʱܣߵʿ
ûȥʵɽ壬ڵȴ˴ɽժµ۹ڽȻû١
Щʷʿȥɽ̫ͣʵʮѡرԽߴؾѹҲԽû㱾Ҫ嶥ɲ¡
Ȼڲܸŵ£Щ쾳ʿҪϷ嶥Ҳֻʱ⡣ôʿһʷᱦȻЩʿΪʸ֮ģ⵽󷽵ʿļ幥һҪɽҲ͸ˡ
ˣôôϵȥءС谺׿ŷ嶥˵
ҶҲ̧ͷ˿˵ҪⲻǸôȥǸôӦ·Щųûٵļһ
ǰôôءˣҪȥֱӰҩˡС
ãǵ۹ڽҿдôͱ۲ˡҶǳ
ŶСӦ
ֹ۲Ƭ̣Щ˶һʱҲɢҶҲû˷ʱȥվСԸʹɣҽ㣬ҪȻܷʲô
ţСӦ
ǣҶֱʩչһ죬ճɽ塣
̤ձɽ·ʱһɧ˵Ŀ˲ۼҶϡ
ɽ̫ߣҶʩչһҲֻܷɽ׼һ˱Ƚٵλãȡ׵ֱ±ϵһɫƤȥ
йϮʮֻĳǱ±ϵĳ˳µ䡣׺ֽĽ±һֹ̣סơ
סƺڳȡһɵ˦ֱҶȥȻڱղһ֮
Ҷڳö·ȥһöײķɵϣᡱһɵɣ༸öֱϮȥ
һæ±ϵĽЩ룬һµʮס
ѾΧ֮⣬ҶҲûٴѸȡٵȻãһ죬Ϸٳȥ
ҶѸ͵ĳƣ;ЩʿǴ۾еʿҶ췢˹Ҷܶ㣬ֱܶԪܵЩЩʿΪߣϼҲ¡
ǵͷвٸ߽ʿҶһУһ߽Ļ
ҶҲ͸ˣٶŷ嶥ȥ
ھ嶥ʮ׵ʱѾ׷ϵʿǰͷһҲΪ·ʿĹĿ꣬ʽʽ˷Ϯ
Ҷ챻·Ϯİ繥ƸһӵǲȥӲ·ǺƺƵĹϾЩɶ쾳ǿʩչʽлǿߡ
ЩϮ֮ǰҶ̧±һţ󵯷ɳȥ
ڱܿЩͬʱҲ޿ɱĴӿе䣬˰죬ԭ㡣
ڿסƺҶֳ׼֮ǰ⣬һòص֮ǰĸ߶ȣȴ⵽ҶĹȻջȴҲΣֻùԹս·ȥ
Ҷ±䶨ûټУ˼Բߡ
һεǾ۾ϳȻǲȡģΪ˼ȺܵĹͱ;еʿ
öԲߺٵɢʹ÷ٵΧʿʺϲˡ
һ׵ΧЩʿֳһЩΪ͵ʿһֻһ׵ͿɽΪԸߵģ׵һ
Ƭ̹򣬷ԲʮʿѱܣǣҶУϷʿչɨ


768 ׷ɱ
Ҷһ㣬֮Χʿ䣬ν
ԽߴʿʵԽǿԸҲԽǼ֣ЩǡǵʿҶҲֻͬʱ׵żô䵯ָ׺롣
һսҶķ˴Ԫһγ嵽ǰͷ·ǿյһƬֻмǿߣǿĹϡ
Ҷû˷ʱȥԸЩǿߣȫٶŷ嶥ȥ
·Ǽǿ߲δǷ׷׽׷ϡ
һĻ·ɽЩʿȫ˾ʱóֶᱦ׼
ҶһĸٶȻҪЩǿ߿࣬Ƭ֮䣬ѽԶԶں󷽡
ԽߴڵѹԽԽҲԽѣҶѾţ֮ңңȵĵ˷嶥
嶥һƬƽأڲλãһСɻƽĽɫʢšƽâЩâڿԶԶɢγɻʹ״ԶԶȥһʹڿڷ嶥֮ϡ
Ȼǵ۹ڽҶ𼤶飬ûٵ飬첽嵽˽ǰ
۹ڽɢľ糱ˮһ㣬ԴԴϵӭϮ
ҶһЩУоԼǼĽߵԪԼٶȻָš
Ȼд˹ЧҶ˼Ԫָܿӯ
ţȡһֻУȻСĽ۹ڽâժ
Ÿ棬۹ڽϵѸâҲƬ֮㲻˿âɢ
嶥ϵĽʧɽµʿǶ˾ʱ׼ᣬ±ЩʿҲ׷ص棬ᱦС
Ҷ콫۹ڽУս֮ʱǼʿѾ׷¡
Сӣѵ۹ڽһʿҶȵ
ҶһתֻŵλˣСϲǵĶ֣ҲԸ⽫ҩֻôˣҸðҩ˭أ
Ҷôһ˵⼸ʿһǴ۵Сۣ֮䣬ŨŨĻҩζ
Щ˸ɵۣ֣Ҷֶһİ׷ͷƲ˵ҿλͷͷΪ곤ͽ۹ڽɡ
ɲ֮䣬˵Ŀˢˢǰ׷ͷȥ
ΧЩĿ⣬׷ͷæ˵ҶϵС䡣
ֻϧ˵ĶûöЩʿΪϡԣܿ𹥻һ˴ͷҲ׷׳֡
ϼһѾҶһ͵Ц±߳ȥ
ЩϼһﷴӦʱҶѾ£ϼһֹͣս׷±׷ȥ
嶥·ʿ¥µһ㣬ſ׹Ҷ졣
գҶʩչһ죬Ѹס׹ƣȻ̤նУԶӴܡ
һҶӶݣ·Щʿһѷ׷ȥ
ӵĸ߽ʿܿ׷Ҷ죬ҷ𹥻
ЩǿߵֹƣҶʤ̶Ƭ̼䣬ķѱ
Ҷ֪ȥĻǱɵģٶҲ
ʶһ㣬Ҷϵĵͷۻأɽ屼ȥ˵ɽ֮ϣռЩơ
һҶɻ·ʿҲ׷׵ͷۻء
ܿ죬Ҷɻص±ϣЩͽʿû׷һЩ߽ʿѾ׷ȥ
Щʿڼ䣬ҶѸɢĸһ죬Ͷĸһ
ûƬ̣һΪİƤͷʮǰͷҶĹΧҶԥĽ׵һͷȥ
ͷһʱ¶ɻܵ׵Ĺ˲䱻ʮֽҵӹһ
ͷҶɢ·ʿԴԴϵĳЩֲ
ƣҶѾûʱ׼ʽ۳׵ǰͷļ˽иţȻѸϷ
ʮף׷ּɢ
ǰͷһһ׷Χ۳׵ͻϮȥһı䣬·׷ǰ̵ӿɽҶ˰Ѻ
ԶСҲǿļ٣ȥæȴְﲻκæֻԶԶŸż
·дʿ׷ΧҶֻܼ¶롣ڴڼ䣬һԪ鵤ĸԪҲڲͣķָԪ֪һ־սΨһʤĥӲݵĽЩһԱԪʮҪġ
зҶɢ֮ϣʩչٵ֮⣬Ҳͱˡ
Ҷܴ򣬺ܿɽ
ɽҶ쾶ֱ£ýЩʿߣɾ
һҶ£±Щʿ׷·¡
ϻвٵĸ߽ǿûе׷ҶǶ׼
Ҷڿ˼Ȧ¼Զ乥ƣЩʿѾص棬ۻس嵽ϡ
·ʱЩոµʿֻü׷
ҶҲȲѣԭһƽսٲˣСǳñΧŹ
Щʿִ·׷Ҷǹʼʩɢʩչٵ
ʵֹʽЧ΢ûҵõķ֮ǰҲֻôţ򲻵ѣǲὫ۹ڽġ
һҶһε¶ΣҲֻܼǣһΣЩϼһѧˣûɽ£Ǿʸ±ϣȴҶ
Щһ±ϲҶнп࣬£νǰУ׷
ΣҶҲֻڰͣ
ôˣʩչСҲ޼£ΪǰΣղǵͽʿЩ߽ǿߣС˿Чġ
Ҷ˵Ψһİ취¾ֻ׻ˣ»ض»ؾҲҪ˵Ҫá
ݳɣҶϽøԪ׻꺰С²ˡ
ôʲôˣ׻겻ʵ
ޣһʿ׷ɱأ޿ˣϽЩ˸ӸˡҶ˵û׼ջһ쾳ǿߵꡣ
бؾ𣿡׻국Ȼʵ
΢ŵ㣬Ӧòڰؾ˰ɣҶ˵
㲻˵һʿ׷ɱҪǲʹôôˡ׻˵
ҶЩա
ʱԾͻȻҶСѣ㲻ûǱеİ᪴ͷų
Ծôһ˵Ҷ۾ʱһһԴ˵԰ôû뵽ǲķӡŰ᪴ߵ飬û׼һʯ񣬼ȿɽ߽᪴ЩʿֿɽЩʿԸ᪴ߣ˫ܾ˵ʱټ֮
ҶЦæȡ񽣣ɽ弲ȥ


769 ħ
嵽±ǰҶ񽣣ֱ±ϴȥ
ۣû±ڣҶ롣
ɲ֮䣬ɽеŲӿȥ
ʿǺܿ״˵Ŀˢˢ±ϵĲ񽣡
󣬰ı֮ԽԴԴϵɢµϢڳʿвͿ־塣
βٶҪϴοö࣬һ̨ˮãɽеٳš
ûãɽеѱմ龧ɽҲͱһͨʯɽ
⺧˵һĻ˶۾Щʸ±ϵʿʶΣգ׷״ʯ£·ɽʿҲѸԶɢ
ɽɲǣ±ϵĲҵĲΧ±ҲٹѿѺһ㣬ɢӡ
ɽҪˣ
·𾪺ʿȿֺĴӴܡ
ȻЩɽ꣬ɽȻѿ
䣡
֮춯أҺͳ˷ˮһ㣬˲ûɽꡣ
ʱɳ֮һġ໡֮͸ЩɳԿһ޴Ӱзڡ
ɳ֮ˣܱӿ
໣
һһӴӰһ㣬ɳڿն
Ӱ˶Ϊ֮ɫҶҲŵԶԶܿ
᪴봫˵Щ룬ȷʵа˸ͷֻһӺһβ͡ΪصǣÿͷɫͬҴ̬ʲôͷߣǰ׾
Ҷ׻ƺĶݳ
ǰ׻Ҳ΢΢һ˵Īǰħ
Ҷ׻꿴ȥʵСϵѵҲ֮
׻˵̬пǰħҲδħҲ޷϶жϡ
Ҷֵһ￴ӵʵԵӦǱ壬ɡ
׻˵ͷûȷʵǱ壬Ǳ˸ӡǱС
ǰħǷǳҶ첻Ȼħ׻궼ǱȻͨɫ
ǲǰħĿǰ״ӦҲͺͨûʲôֻɢѹ൱ˡ׻˵
˼ǣһװǻƣҶʵ
׻ҡҡͷ˵⵹ҲװģΪڽ̫ãʵˡ˵˳棬ǲ콫նɱܿͻָʱ򣬿½һƽ١
׻ôһ˵Ҷٸľ˼Ƭ̣æʵڵʵʲôأ
Ӧ൱ľ쾳Բ׻ش
ԲҶһһа˸Դ൱ڰ˸ԲǿߣֻڳҲԸ˰ɡ
ȷʵöԸ׻국Ȼ˵
СҪֽ˰ɡҶ
׻˵ʵҪնɱȻؾԣ㻹Լ취ɡ
ҶЦпܶԸ𣿡
׻룬˵ܹһǱϣܽƷ
񽣣û׼Ѿڸղŵıըбը˰ɡҶ컳ɵ
ǿδأȻǱܽӡסױ١׻ѵ
⵹ҲǡҶͷͬǵֻǣȥҪʵͻ쾳ǸΣˡ
ĺˣոճӡδȶʱͻƲ˵ģͻƵĻǱἰʱֽƷ׻˵
ðɣȥѰҲ񽣡˵ţҶҲͲٵ飬Ѹ·ɽȥͬʱС˹
СܿܵҶԣ˵ˣˡ
ѵǰҶʵ
ûУǰ˵Сش
ôأҶʵ
һ޵ϡ֡С˵
һޣʲô˼Ҷɻʵ
˵ͬʱ˾ϵС򵥵ؽ͵
ѹÿԴɫһҶȻ
Сֵӵзϵ˸ԴֱӵаϵÿԴ֮ȶϵ
Ҷúգô˵һˡ
ţȷʵġСӦ
ϽȥҲ񽣣뾡콫·ӡҶԸ
ŶСӦһȻҶͷѰҡ
ʱɳѾɢɽѾССʯҪѰҲ񽣣ֱǺ롣
ͷϷħȻڰգǰ˸ԴֱŲͬķ򣬿ŵĴɢʿǣЩʿ͸һС
۲Ƭ̣ħͻȻǲʲô˸ԴȻŤתͬʱһȥȻǷ׻Ĵڡ
üһͦ׻ֹ
ʱħİ˸Դͬʱſ죬һƳ
µɲǣһ쫷磬ټһ׻꼲ȥ
׻Ȼ棬ڰħ֮ʱͽȻâĴܡ
ħ׻֮ǰվλãȻסƣǰ˸ԴעſЩҴܵâ
Щâ׽ħҲûᣬĿ¿·ֻӴܵʿǡ
ţٴ磬ӥһ㣬ŵϵ︩ȥ
ܿ˶ѣ˸Դͬʱ𹥻ǺɫԴף֮ʿ˽̿ԴҲֱʩչϵʽħʵЩǡǵʿҲһ
ħһ̨ɱ˻ɨս֮ʬأһ⡣
׻ڿ۳Σ̨¿ϷĹһ㣬ƽعۿ·ⳡɱ
Ƭ̣׻ȻתͷҲ෽ȥֻһźһ㣬Զת֮ѶǰΡ
׻꣬þòˡȻһꡣ
ôҲˣ׻ʵ
국Ȼ˵ܽͲܽ𡣡
˵һʲôĿİɣ׻ʵ
ٺһЦ˵˵ˮӡڴ˵أԣصؽ
ǵĹϵûõȵزɣ׻˵
ЦȻֻǹЦģ˳ûһ
׻üͷһ壬ɻʵʲô˼
˵Ů˱֮ɥȮһ㣬ؾﵽε˵
ĪǣǳźŮģ׻ɵ
һЦûǳźŮġ
׻ƽ˵ɲ̫ãǰӶ
𣿡תһ룬װɣ߱Ů٣Ըֻħ
׻겢δŻش𣬶ʵҺŮʲôĿģ
͹ܲˡ˵
Īӵˮϵ֮׻ʵ
Ц


770 ջ
׻꣬׮ǴӦӦأ׷ʵ
׻һߣȻ˵ԸħҪ𣿡
Цһ˵Ҫ֣Թۣû´ĻҪԸֻħǱȻض
Ҳúõõȥ׻û
ֻҪ壬귢𹥻ɽƷ˵
ˣҲ㽻ס׻국Ȼ˵
˺ߣ˵Ϊͺϡ㽻𣿾㲻˵Ů䣬Ҳҵõ
׻국Ȼؾ֮޷ʹʶ̽⣬ãδܸؾպ֮ǰҵ
겻ΪȻҲŵĻҲа취
ʲô취׻ʵ
˵ˮǼһı֮ؾģܹƳķӡȻܽŮ˵
㵱ˮảŮͲƴ׻ʵ
ʱ¹겻м
Ͳ±ˮֶԸ𣿡׻ʡ
Цֻµʱü뱾ѹˮɣ
δҲ̫ˡ׻˵
ʼ磬űеģˣȻ㲻뱾ףֻħԸŰɣѰҺŮȥˡ˵ţٺһЦԶȥɲǼҰ֮ʧ
׻ջĿ⣬ħȥһڵĴɨЩʿѾӹˡ
ҶСѰŲ񽣣ɽɲС޷þ̽£ҪѰһѽɲ¡
Ҷֻƾ˫ң񽣱ʯ·ĻȻҲġҺûС裬һıúܣʶ񽣣ֻҪһΧ֮ڣܹŵ
ֹãСǱ˵Ҷ캰˹
һܵСǰҶʵҵ𣿡
С˵⸽ᵽǰѽϢֻǺ΢ӦǱʯͷסˡ
Ҳֻˡ˵ţҶҲͲīѸȡ׵ʼھ
ħܿ㽫Ұʿɱ˸⣬һɨĿ˿е׻ꡣ
໣
һ磬׻꼲˶ȥ
׻û֣ٴλâɢһա
ʧȥĿ꣬ħڿסƣǰ˸Դ»һȦܿ쿴·ҶС衣
һħֱתҶ츩ȥ
Ʋ׻˰ħǰ
ħȻ׻Ϊ⣬һ׻תĿ꣬׻ȥ
׻겻ŰħڿýһסԱΪҶȡʱ䡣
ˣѾԶˡСһ߷ţһ˵ʱѾڳһĴӡ
Ҷ˰Ѻš
ûã׵ʯϡһ̶Ľײ
Ҷ۾һѸٲЩʯʯҵ˲񽣡
ѸȡϸһȦҵǣδ𻵡
ˣѽɱ𣿡С軳ɵʵ
ҲֻԿˡʵҶҲûףҲ˵ܷƷħҪħʮѡ
û̫ʱ俼ǣҶɵĿŲ񽣳˴ӡ
ԭ׷׻İħƺ˲񽣵ϢȻסƣŤͷҶ߿
ǰ˫۾ˢˢԼҶ쵹һ岻ĲĲ񽣶Щòסò˵ħͷųѹʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҷ컺񣬰ħѾת
Ҷԭط׻æѵСӣϽýԸ
ҶŻعæҵעԪȻҲ߶ʮһֱʩչһȫŰħӭȥ
ħԲ񽣼Ϊɵڰ;סƣ˸ԴͬʱҶ췢𹥻
桢â׵硭ϵ˷ϯЩ˵ĹҶмܣҲֻӲͷƤƵǰȥ
ۿǰϵϮǰɾΣʱ̣ͻȻɢһɼΪֲΧǰϵ֮㱻մ
һĻҶĴоҲһɨա
ԵģħѾ⣬ҶֽٳϽͷӶݡ
ӣûôף׻һȻɢâЩâ֯һγһžס˰ħ·
ħŭһ˸ԴͬʱʩչϮȥȻĹ˿á
֮£ħҲֻܼӿٶȣֱײȥͼͻ赲
ɽǵûܳû鴤Ŵ෢ʹ
ȰħҶѾŲ񽣳룬׾ٵĻ˰ħǺʵۼף֧û塣
໣
ħ챯Ӵӿ׹䣬Ȼڵϣɳ
غ󣬰ħŤ壬ţƺҪѴϵĲ񽣣ǲ񽣾總֮һ㣬ôҲѲˡ
Ƭ̣ħʶԼѾ޷Ѳ񽣵ɣϵĽ
ɲǣټ˲㱻񽣸ɽȥ
ħ׻ȥʵʵ
ħţôҲ޷
ֻħǱƷˣҶ쳤һ䵽棬ʰֱսڲ
׻ŰħҶǰ˵Сӣˣǵ˳Ʒֻħһ²顣
ǰоաҶЦ
ϽȽշ˰ɡ׻ѵ
һħʹôδܹסɣҶǵ
ˣسɡ˵׻ŰħݻҶ
ҶŤͷΧһɨֻԶĵɢɢһЩʬ壬ȡһЩʬȫؿǷˡ
ռʬҶûپؾķ򼲱ȥ
һƬƫƧɽȣɽܶǸʶ͵£ïʢӲݡɽȵм䣬һ׸ߵľ޷壬޷Ģ嶥һңͷؽ֮ơ
ʱڿ嶥±ϣһ׷ͷš
Ƭ֮˷嶥ǿҵ·
±סƺŤͷҵ¿ȥԵ쳣
ΪǾҵһصҩҩֻаƴСҶɫѪʺΡΪǣھҵײš
֮࣬ͷȲ֣ҩץȥ
ȻָҪҩɲǣһӰһӾϷ

ͷĲҽɽȼþûص


771 ͷ
һ׶ߣӲݵСϣҶС農š
͸ǼߵïӲݣԿԶͷ
ͷһͷףһͷѩףǶ߷ߵȻǶߣҶӵ߶γ̵Ϊ
ҶϵǸͷ֮ǰڴȪ־һǸʷһͷҶüΪͷǺͬһġ
ͷҶߵüΪÿһ̶ܻˡ޷ɢؾǲСĵ㣬ʱп͵Ϯ
ѾҪߵǰСҶʵˣҪҪȥأ
ҶصǴǰ߹ǵʱٳ֡
ŶСӦ
Ҷ˵ֶԸǸͷϹ
ţСӦ
˼ǱţĿǰƽͷ׼Ұһ㡣
ͷȻ֪Լ˫Ŀⶢţһߣһ̸Цͦµġ
ܿͷѾҶСǱɽͷǰ߹¶ʱҶС֣
ͬһʱ̳ɽͷǰ׷ͷϮȥ
ͷԭʹڽ䱸״̬ԵҶСɽͷɲǣǱѲѸٳ˷ֻھ̫ε񵲡
Сǰͷα󣬵ǰ׷ͷ˹ſһŻ棬Ϯڰ׷ͷķϣ죬һʱ֮䵹ûб
ţҶ־ž׵Ű׷ͷͷ¡
䣡
ھ׵ͻ˫ع£׷ͷķڱ
ɢĳҶƵں˵ͬʱ̧֣׳ö롣
Ȼ뼴׷ͷĵɲǣ׷ͷͻȻأӹһ١
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Ҷ񺹲ѣƲƵôܿ϶ǹأ
ҿǰ˫۾ʱʱǸԪӤĵжϣӦǹġԾ˵ͷͷǵ
ҶЩҲǹģôͲԪӤأ
ҶС֪㲻ڵʱҾŮ˿ʵŮ˿൱ζġԾЦ
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ƽܹͨκ壬ҵŮ˽ҷӡڽУΪƽȡҵħݺݵԪӤ


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ոճ嵽ѪԺܿɿµĳƸȻֹ˫ĿֱֱҶƽȥ
ϵͬʱȻޱȾˣǾĸǴﵽ˿µĵزҶֻоԼľƽĳţĵٶȼֱȵ̩ɽִϣһʩչСʱҪӺˡ
ǰͬʱϵ״̬ҲֻάӡԣϵɲǣҶʩչײӽѪԼ̶ȥ


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ĿͻȻһΪģѪһʱ֮Щۻң֪ùĸáƬ̴֮ʣСĸѾĴɢѪΧһȦ
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ˣҪȥأСҶͷʵ
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һ·ɼĴ󲿷ԪԪԪ鵤쾳ҩҩġͷЩޱȵϡҩģؾ֮ڣȴǼΪѰһȦпܲɵһꡣ
һҶ콫ƵĵҩƳɵʵԪԪԪ鵤ЩҩҶѾûôôӦ鵤
ĿǰҶӵеļǿʽԶ˵ΪеĻû׽ɽĽݾѰǿԷ鵤ٶȡ
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һ·񱼣;֮ʿҶ춼ûᣬֱͷɹ
֪˶ãԪ;ѺķѴ룬ǣ˸ɽͷͣЪϢ
ķʹ̾Ԫ;ָҶ׼ǰСͻȻеˣкöˡ
Ҷ˳СڵĿ⿴ȥֻԶһƬĲԭŴʿ
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ǵ֮ǰ۹ڽʱ̫ĶΪⱻϳûҡڵ߹ȥȡһϡؾ޷ɢŶñаߣһ⵽ĸɱ͵Ϯꡣ
Ƭ˼ȡһֻѼñͷϣ˿ڲס˰ȻЩ⣬ȫбˡ
װɺҶֽССڶؽ֮УȻɽ£ǰƬԭȥ
һԭһ˫˫ͳĿ˷ҶоԼǷЩһǮƵģֱҪˡ
ûЩĿ⣬ŲԭĴɽȥȸЩ˵
һ·ȥۼŸʿΪߵͲȣͺϴ۹ڽֳЩƣ²ĪǣЩڵʲôҩ
ǰãڲҪߵɽµʱĿƳһϤӰҶ۾һæתȥ


780 ޼
߲Ǳˣ޼Ҷ޼ҲҶʦ
ߵҶ޼ԣҶ첻ɫ
ļһԼԣҶ޼ʱλֵܣ㻹ϷԶɡ
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Ҷ޼һ㶣ЩʵʦֶνģǱЩ˽Ȼ֪ģԲŻдһʡ
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˵θʿǰȥ龧ʱؽһսҶ̾ϢȻ˵ȻԽԽá
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ʦֶأҶ޼ʵ
ҶЦ˵ԯҽʦһ
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ҶͷشλʦԯҽɵҶ
Ҷ˵ǼʦʦˡҶ޼˵ʣʦΪӦѾͻ쾳˰ɣ
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Ҷֵǰһ˶ߣǺܿҲǳ龧ġ
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Ҷ쿼һίܾ˵ҿˣ֮ǰҵ񶾽̵ĹףҪٸǻͻ
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ҶⷬҶ޼Ҳмֵ̾˿˵ȻˣϷҲͲǿˡ
˶˵ȴŮ仨ʢ


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ֹҶ޼Ҷѵʦֶ׼֣Ů仨ܿҪʢˡ
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Ҷס۲죬ͬʱССڽһ
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СںСչжͬʱҶҲȡҲƽʩչײͽһܵİǿϮȥҶ޼ȻǺɵɽȥ
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ҶķԸСڵĸʮ˳ĽĸܵİǿߵСҲǴ𵶵ĵһܵñȽϿİǿǰͷ
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ժŮ仨Ҷ޼ֱѸһӣеŮ仨Ѿ͵͵׼õһͨ黨黨Ů仨Ϊ񣬲ϸֱ治١
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Ҫɱǰ߶Բĳֻ̣Ҫƽеӡֻ״ֻ̬άʮ룬ܷʮڽԷɱҶﻹûסûҼʩչУǴ͸ԷĵϸȻС
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ۿŶ櫵ĺܾҪײҶ죬ɾһ̣ԶϮһӰӰʯɽĴ
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һҶҼһһһͻȻϮӰȥ
ѩ価һŮӰȻǰ
һͷںڱֱĳٲһ㴹ڱһϾӣŮһ㲻ʳ˼̻ʱеT·һţп㣬ֱ޳Ľ״Ⱦ޶Ŀһ˫Ь
ϤҶ۾һʱ֮侪
ʱ򣬶ҶȵľҶϿӣ
ҶһعȫûҶȵȰ棬һµǵĴӵɽǸŮӿ񱼶ȥ
ʦã𣿡ˮģ˫ۡ
һĻĻǰǸѾͷǸԼѾͷǸԼǰԼȴʩȵѾͷʱ˿ǰ
ӭҶ죬Ů鵭Įûһ˿ݣ翴İ·ˡ
Ҷܿ嵽ŮӸǰԶʱǰͻȻһεǽײǽϣ󵯷ɡ
غŮȥкʦãʦְ㲻ϵ𣿡
ȻŮӻȻ˫Į
Ҷ嵽ǽǰǽĴţţǽڵŮȴ޶ԡ
ץʱ俪ʼɡڵ˵
ţŮӦһջĿ⣬ȡһɭɭıսǰϣעУҫâ
ҶȻͣĴǽºšĻںޣӡһ㣬ӡͷǰһֲĻᣬҲˡ
Χ߷ӦҶֱۣ첽Ҷȥ
Ҷȣ櫾һҪ׷ȥȴס
к򣬿ſңҶ뿪ңᱻġ
ѵڿɲǹ˼ʱĴǸŮӺܲ򵥣óȻֻ»Σա
ֻܿҶȵıӰĬĬ֪ҶѾԤ֪˽һУȻȻѡ˭Ҳ赲
Ҷȿ첽嵽ҶǰҶ֣кҶܣٲġ
ʱҶҶȵȰ裬˻ţľôݡ
Ҷ߰ɣȻˡҶȿ޺
ҶҡͷؾҲߣҲᶪʦãһˡ
Ҷˣ߰ɡҶȵͨһڵء
ҶŤͷҶȿȥȾ˪ˮۡȻ龧ժɽϵĺ࣬Ȼһͨܵ˵ġ
ҶȣҶ쾪һæӵ뻳УעԪ
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ҶҡͷģҶȣһȻġ˵ţ뵽æȡһţݵҶߣ˵ҶȣŵҩͲˡ
ҶȴҡҡͷץסҶ֣ŴҶ֣ڲȥȻҲڽӣܣܹĻģˡ
֮ǰҶΪһУҶ춼֪ģŮˣԼüءǴ˿̣棬ҶȴΪ
Ҷ죬ߣҶȵ
ãߣϴߡҶͷӦΨһΪŮģԸ
Ҷ챧ҶվҶȵشȥ۽Ǻᣬȴһ˿Ц⡭


787 赲
ǽǵϤһۣҶȻתȥ
û߼һ˵סҶȥ·Сӣ龧ҿɱһҪȻ֪Լ³˵Ҫ龧ɱҶ֮£Ժеǻᡣ
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һĻΧ˶һ죬ҶʹĲѣͷûΪŮʲô
۾Ƭ̺ܿ췴Ӧֱ̽ҪȥҶĴ䡣
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ŮľҰܿסƣԷߵһֱŮӼȥ
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ǰӰŮ۽ĪĻˮ֪ΪΣĵӿ޾ıˡӰϤʱ׷Ӱš
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Сӣô£׻ľڶƣҶʶģǱѪȻһ
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׻ɵĻâһԪӤֶȥ
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һռ䶼һ
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ײ׻ѾʶûԪӤſԪӤӳµҲֻѰˡ
ǰСľҰأҶ塰ͨһڵء
ľҰԭٵ׼ɱǰŮӣǿ˺Ͱ˵ǿѾŮϮȥյҶϵĴץȥ
ָ;㱻Ϯһˣ˺ͰЩǿ߿ľҰľٶҲɱŮӣ׷׽ĿתҶϵĴ䡣
ЩȿֺĳҶ壬ҪʱҶͻȻҫ۵⡣


788 ԪӤ
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˸ͷɫ죬̺Ҳͬ
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ѲӣŮӽȻ£˹ָԪ
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ҲõΪͻ쾳ﵽν󾳡׻֮
ҶһգƵΪ󾳣ǸˣҪԪӤð
׻ѵҲ֪ԪӤǳεɲܱġ̤֮ǰںԪӤҲһضֶԶԶҪ
˵ҲǣԪӤ˵ҲֻǼһĴˡҶһЦؿǰԪӤ˵ԪӤˮ£лüš
׻˵ûãȺúñŰɡ
ҶƲƲ죬˵ɶñܵģѲ˲ɡ
뿪ؾͷϡԪӤûԪ֧ŵ£ɱ治˶á׻˵
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׻국Ȼ˵ȻǸ鷨¡
Ҷ˵ͷε̾Ϣʳ֮ζ֮ϧƵǣһֱԶڻȻͿԸԪӤṩһŨȵ
ˣϵȥˣҶŷ֣ԾǼһﲻˡ
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Ҷ캹յǼһδҲ̫˰ɡ
ֻһ˿лѣ㲻ԪӤҲûÿɻˡ׻˵
˵ҲǣĹˣҲ御ˡҶ̾Ϣ
׻


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ҶʧʱϵСҶҶСڿȥĿСͣá
Ҷע⵽СڣҶæû˵ʦã㻹ǲǵãǰϲСڣ־ȡģ㾭ȥɽ档
Сϵŵ˵ͷ
ȻҶȴǺ˵ôβͣ湻ֵġ
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ٿ׻Ǳߣ뺣ŮսѾ滺Ů·磬ǿ֮ĩ
ֹŮڷֹͣһ̱֮ڡ
ƣŮȥֱ纣Ů֮С
壬Ůֿʼ궯ûñͣ
Ƭ̺󣬺ŮͻȻ˵ѾˡľȻٿˡ
ǣ׻ԭ͡
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׻ûҲһΡ
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ǿδأԵûԶѣҲûԶĵˣֻԶ棬Ǻֻܿġ국Ц
Ըڴɡ׻ߺһҶȥܿҶ
ҲǴźŮҶ֮С
ҶʲôҲû˵ֱԶȥ
ҶԶȥӰҶ־ɥ
ֱҶӰʧҰ֮УŶ漲ȥ


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ĺ̻ܲǰǹһͷļһ
⶷ж˵ȡһӲӵƣǰ
һƣæסԷĳǹһ˹ǸϣˡСð
û˵󲽳ȥ
Ȼ⶷Ҷ죬£رԵһЩ
ƬϤı
źҶժͷϵĶñȻֱźؽĸԺȥ
ɵǣĺ̻ڹǸɳԱۼںؽϣӦڿᡣ
Ҷ˲ѻȸĿⶼˢˢҶͶȥ϶Ǿ֮ɫҲ֪ؾѾˡ
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ҲӭЦǰСһҲ̫ˣҵСĸζ챻ųˡ
Ҷúգ˵ʲô༸λҲ׷ӭǰһһ޷ǿҶǶı綷
ЩЩƨĳɷ֣Ҷ֪ǳ龧ġ
һ׺˱ԼλϣҶҲںؽԱ
º󣬺ؽʲôһǵҶ˵죬мø㡣
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ؽĻҶȻŭɫ
ؽ˵Ϊһֱûϵ㣬ҲûˣССڸϣԭǱңҸ
Ҷû˵˵Ȼץ˪˪Ϊ˶Ը㣬ֻҪδһ˪˪ģԣҲòżȥˡ
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༸λҲ׷ԼĿ
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ҲǶ孵Ӧһ֯伯ǿߣһ֧Ϊµؽ͵
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ҵǣССڵĳɳʮ룬龧ǵĹЧΪĿǰСڵΪѾ˳׵ԲСҲﵽ˾ǰڡǿĻߣԼΪԶֹھǰڣҶҲ֪ˡ
Ϊ׺С̬ûʲô仯СǴиı䣬βͱȫëҲɫ
׽ɽϵԶġ
ΪֹҲɽʱˡ
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791 
뿪׽ɽҶ쾶ֱǱȥ
ո߳ھأСͻȻ˵ˣСڸоڵܲȶӡ
Ҷһ⣬æʵСӸòǳ̫龧ΪҪͻ쾳̤˰ɣҪ˵Ļ˴֮УСڿɾͲóˡ
СȴǻشǵģˣСڸоԼڲ»
»Ҷһ죬ôܣΪ̫ߣѹ̫˰ɣһʲа
ŶСӦű㲻˵
Ҷ콫ٶ죬ͣǸȥ
ʱ֣ϵĺ̻ᡣ
ֱؽϡ
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ǰ龧治ΪɲҩҲŷһƬ̶̼꣬ΪǾ˹ؽ̾˵
ҶЦЦ龧ĹЧȷʵͬѰ֪شοҩкأЩ棬˵ԺؽΪӦóܲסҩеĺǡ
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ԭˡҶͷֵ龧ĹЧȻֻеһηò˴ЧȵڶηõʱЧԴۿۡ
ؽüͷ壬ʵ죬Īһ˺üƬꣿ
ҶʵȷʵһʮƬ꣬ȴЧ΢ڷãѲ˿Ч
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ҶǺЦǰҲЩ˷ˣ龧ÿ޷һƬĴҲǿѨ硣
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ǰǿˣط˸ƨ»Сİˡ

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˵ͷϸЩ͹ɨһȦĿҶϡ
Ŀ⣬Ҷ쾫һȻѾϢһϢ丨ǰ㱻ԷעӣЩ顣
ǼһθɵػܹʵҶԭݣվȺ׳ԵЩˡ


793 
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ŶٴγҶ쿴ȥĿ֮Դһ˿֮ɫ
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ܹܻ⣬ȥ
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ܹһţһѵԺڸЩŻˣʹĳүˣĳүС㣬Ͷһ㡣
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ֵܹҾʹȥϤϤڵĻҽȥЩط֮⣬طԳ룬סûС
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ܹܰ̾ôңڵ͹гԽԽˡ֪֮ǰˣ߳͹гһܻ״ĴͷԵ޹ʵ̱ϲˣΪǴͷˣԲСӶϵġ
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ǣܹߡĿܹȥ⹤ͷתصʩأɤߺ
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ɶأҶʵ
ɽشһǰˣ֮ǰǽĻǽ޺ˣָ޽ΣԾ͹ˡ
ôãӦöԸͦ˽İɣҶЦʵ
ɽҡͷҲûɶ˽ģһ굽ͷᡢʳáһߣĻߣطǽֹġ


794 
ɽĻҶźǱһϣ̽ʵ壬ôһ𣿡
Сƣʲôɽɻʵ
ҶЦЦ˵ֻǾãôôһӦòðɡ
ɽСѵɾͲǸùĵˣ⸮òҪȥʸ޹ص£ҪȻܻܿ鷳ġ
ǣлѡҶЦȻɽûŻش𣬲֪ⷬӦҲ֪Щ顣
˼Ҷʣ壬ЩʯҪȥأ
ԶˣǰͷƬյءɽش
ŶҶӦ
չһ䣬ûã㿴ɽָƬյء
ƬյﳤӲݣһѾһ̯ʯ
ߵ̯ʯǰɽµӣ¨ʯĵڱϣҶҲŵ¨ʯ
ţſ¨ߡ
·ϣɽЦ˵СƣӲô׳ʵû뵽ͦģôһȻһڡ
Ǻǣᣬе壬ˡҶЦ
ĳɣûɹһУٶϼӿɾͳԲˡҲòôһ㣬߼˾ˡɽ˵
ӦòС˰ɣҶʵɽͷѾвٵİ׷˵Ҳʮˡ
ǰٹһʮˣʱɾ͸ɲػˡɽҡͷ̾Ϣ
ɽ;ͺ͸ײ࣬ӣҶͬ飬ʵ壬ôˣﻹػأȥЩɵĻ¡
ɽЦ˵ɵĻǮ͵ͣĹǮͦģŻܸɣٶɼ¡
ĪҼǮҶʵ
ɽһ̾ϢҶӸǸóɼҵͣȥϲﲼϰŮǵϰȻδԣȴһ龧ĸ߶Ƹ𣬲ޡΪ˶ӵҸǷҲֻƴ׬Ǯˡ
ɽĻҶΪпһ龧࣬ͨ˵ѾǺܴһʿ֧νǿ¸ĸİ
ţҶʵ壬ʯͷĻôأôѡɵأ
ɵĻ˭ɣôùءɽε
Ҷû˵ʲô
һϣʯػأҲ֪˼ˡΪɽһЩÿζװģ˵̶ֳȵ͸ˣûʲô
Ҷô졢ģɽ̾ѡ
ʱ⹤ͷЪԷﶼͷĹߣ˵Цĳηȥ
ʳ͸гһ֣Ͳ͵ĶǸӶˣŮӶӶֿ߾ʳϱȴŵһͨΪֽߡ
Ҷ˴߽ʳãЩϴǾͺʮûŮƵģһʳñŮӶȥͷӶĸŮӶȽ㣬ĸرȽϱ
Щһڹ˸λ£ҶҪ£һţĴͷͻȻȵģŸɶϽȥ
ɽæ˵ˣһȥͿˡ
ÿζôĥĥģǶˡи󺺲
ɽЦ˵һᾡЩġ
ҿֱȽŻٿܿ쵽ȥţ˵˵ֳҶ쿴ȥȳ˵ģ㻹ʲôϽ߰ǶȲǰɣ
ҶûƽʵΪʲôҪȥôͲȥ
٣Сӣ治װأûǶôǿ׳𣿾㲻⣬Ȼýȥˡһ׳ȵ
˷׷׸
ԭˡҶͷ׹ȻЩһﶼЩ֮ǰԼûʱ򣬾ɽԸӻһ˰ˡڣԼҲ֮ģȻ⵽˺ɽһĴ
֪ǻϽȥţЩͷˡ
ûͶʺ𣿡ҶһŶʺһĵ˵
ţȻŭһվҶŭȵСӣҴǰɣ
ţôһΧٵĿ⣬ЩŮӶҲ߿˹ţͦͦţʾԼ硣
ƲɽæߵҶǰ첲СȰ˵Сƣɷ죬ǻ߰ɡ
Ҷȴ˵壬°ɣ򷹵Ѿ˳аˡ
Сӣʶࡣţ˵˵űϣȻΪҶ˵Լа˴򷹵
ҶЦһ˵һֱʶģֻЩʶ࣬¸Ͻȥ
ţһٴİָҶıӺʵСӣ˵һΡ
Ҷ쵭Ȼ˵СүҲ˷Ѵ࣬ôŰɣӣ˭󡣡
ţͷϣҶƣȻڴӦȾͱȣӻôɣԷøЩŮӶǰͷĻᡣ
ͬģɽΧ۵˿ҶڰʯͷԼĽšģţҶţЩǳˮģҲܻҶ
ЩҶһͬ׳ǳֹ̬ȣΪǶʶҶľԲұ֤ţӮˡ
ţߵҶֵСӣҪˣԺҪÿȥӴ򷹣ÿϴ·
ҶҲӦû⣬Ҫ˵Ļò򷹣Ҳòϴ·ֻҪϸͷүүͿˡ
ţŭ⣬ȵСӣŲھ㡣
ҶЦô˵ûӮˡ
ţ㶣æţ˵ôܣҪӮֻʮİգӻټӸҪˣҲӹϿͷүү
ҶڴӦû⡣
ϵɽļѣǵҶȰСɲҪ嶯
ҶЦ壬ͷĺˣܿүүˡ
ţֱҧŭȵСӣϻҪȾ͸Ͻ㣡˵䣬Ѿָ첲ϣǰۡ
ҶҲϻţƽһ
֮ûκʾԾڲ֮չˡ
ΧŮŮΧ˹˵Ŀⶼ˵֮ϣ˵ⳡĽǺģǻǿú𾢡
Χ˵ҲϣһֱǸ߸߹ļ֮սеʮּҡ
Ƭ̣ţЦһ˵ôҲҸӽԲ
ţ绹ûгȫѹСܼôá
ǰ˵Բһεġ
ϼСţƺҲ޳Щ۵㡣
ΨɽҶżֻش궯ţһӡ


795 ʤ
ҶûЩ˵Щ󻰵ȽҰ⵹˵ɡ
Сӣ׼үүɣţ˵ű϶ȥһʯһ㣬ûһ˿Ĳ
ˣţȻû˿ĽţΪڻֻСӣǵ͹ˣģܱʹ˳ɵѾ˲ˡţⷬпĿû˿
㾡ʹȫǡҶ첻ΪȻ
ţһʩ벻ǣ˳ɵʱ򣬶ԷֱȻһ
ţҲ޷ϵļĽģѾϸϸĺ飬ȻѾоѹ
ΧĹǶһ飬ΪֳƺҶռϷ硣Ƕɴ۾һգգĶ˵ֱۣգ۵˲˫ֳʤһĻ
ţ֮ǰܿɢһգ˿̣Ѿʹȫֱǹĵ˵ļȴû˿ʤ⡣
ܣ⣬ⲻܡţ޷ǰһĻ
ôûˣоɣҲǲ˶Էڽ»ҶЦȰ˵
䣿ߣ㲻ҲûܽҰ⵹ţԲ䣬Ҳֻڴ
ǲײĲˡҶ˵űʩ˼
žţֱصѹϡ
Χһ˫˫۾ѵɵùԲǿ׳ţļһȻһıСĶ֣̫˼ˡ
ɽϵ鼫ΪӣǾϲǲһжǻþ
ˣҲ֮ǰԼˡҶɿ֣Ȼ˵
֪ȵԭ򣬻ǳ˰սԵʣţͨ졣
ԷûӦҶֵô˱ԣ˲ɣ
ţϵļ˲˵˱Īĳ裬Ҫڸɽ¹ͷүүɾͶˡ
ţһŭͲĵģɽϽҶȰ˵Сƣ˰ɣ͵ҿЦˡ
Ҷ޸˵壬Ը˾ҪֶΣǿˣԽòԽͷѾöˡ
Ҷⷬţ߳ŭ䵱¹򣬻統ʳԣ˳ٽǰСӺݺһ٣صӡ
뵽Щţ͵һӣȵСӣΪе˲ˣҪ¹Ǿ͵ÿԴûӵȭͷӲˣ
˵䣬ţѾͷһľȭݺҶ쵱ȥ
ţͻĳΧ۵˶Ҷ˰ѺرɽͺЩŮӶţֵɲǣǶǵһ
ΨҶԵø侲ţȭͷϮ;֮ʣ֣̽ӲĽţǹѸ͵ľȭ
һĻ˶Ǵ۾޷Ҷܹɵĵ¶Էȭͷ
Ϊ𾪵ĻţʱԷȭͷǯһ㣬εץסȭͷҲɣҲɣʹҲ޷ֻơ
㣬ߣţ۶Ҷ죬
ҶһȻʶԼĿǰ⣬ʵڲߵ
ǣֽţȭͷƿ˵ֻǰʦѧһ깦ѣȻûѧңԸѾ㹻ˡ͵ʮֺڽ磬˵ѧһ깦ķ˶ǡ
ţⷢӣߵΪߣԸһˣʤ֮䡣һ˵ҲͽղԷˡ
Ȼ֪ԷˣΪܾ콫ƽϢҶҲûƽϣ˵㲻¹ͷҲûϵ͸Ǹɡ
ţҲǴˣ֪ԼǶԷĶ֣ǰѶԷëĻû׼õڰᣬûٵôߡ
ǸҲмɵģֱӵĸɽǸĻδҲ̫ˡˣڵǸ֮ǰԼ𣬸ԼϸеĹ⻷һͦţֺòȻ˵ɷ죬ǸҲûʲô˵ġ
ԼⶥñſɽǸǰţԲס㣬Ǹˡ
ɽԵЩܳЦ˵ҲûûʲôԲסģȥľȥɡ
Χڵķţƺõ˲ٵĺԴˣҶҲû̫⣬ԼĿҲѾﵽ
Ҷû˵ʲôվɽ壬Ǵȥɡ
ɽӦһҶ쳯򷹵Ĵȥ
Χ۵˺ܿɢЩ󺺶ǰţûغȵŸɶ˼Ҹ𣿡˵űվԸȥˡ
ǰȥ򷹵;УɽҶ˵СƣţôĿ²ưոݰɣ
ҶЦЦοͷĺˣһͦģôĿպӦûȡѵġ
Ҷô˵ɽ˵ͷԷЩ
˴÷˸λãûٺţһһ
ڳԷڼ䣬Ҷ콫ɢʳãЩӶǵĶԻ
ֻҪ˪˪ǾһӶ˸ͷͷӶ˱ȻҲʳԷԣܹڴЩͳ˪˪йصϢ
źǣֱ극Ҳûڳ˪˪ֻƬ
صμɻʱҶּɢ˵̸һ
Թȥ˼Сʱֱϰ˾ŵ㷽Ъ
ϴ˸Ҷص䣬ʼ̾
Ӱ쵽̾Ϊ̾Ǿ뾭ûκϵ˵һãûֱӰ쵽⹦ìˡ
ΪѾڣ½Ҳֹͣˣͺ֮ǰؽ˵Ǻϡ˵һ龧Ϊǵ˰ڣҲ˵õЩ龧ȫ˷ˡ
ȻʱҲΪİ취ҶҲֻһ˼̾˵Ҳܹͬʵ˵ƽǸܺõӡڣֻͬʱƽȾȻͬʱøҲͲԶˡ
ζԸңҶҪǵ̷
Ԫһ̲֮ͣ꣬ǰռЩѾһС롣ȻҶ컹ûгԹţаħӦòȥ
ƽͷ֮⣬Ҷ컹вٵɱﵣѪ׻С뾵Ŀǰ֪ʹá
ϴŨȱȻ˲١Ҷ²⣬ĿǰҲаǵǵʵͬģѪʵȻҲﵽ˾쾳
׺СȻɱʮ㣬ֵҹѵ£϶޷ȡʱʩչ


796 ж
죬ҶÿڵĸɻԷʱɢӶǵ̸һֱûκ
ֱ磬˵ջ
ڳ緹ʱһŮӶ̸طĻ⡣
Сң㸺ŮгԷ𣿡һŮӶʵ
ǸСҵŮӶ̾˿صûأѾûˣղҸȥҲ֪ûС
ŮͦҪģɶþܹܱ棬ҪȻɾ鷳ˡ
С˵ţɵȥҪǻûԵĻҾܹܱ档
Ȼ˵̸δգҶ²⣬˵ĺܾܿǳ˪˪
ǣҶ㽫СҵŮӶϡ
Ƭ̺СҳԺ÷뿪ʳãҶȻβȥþи١ȻʽЩðգʵҲʵİ취
С뿪ʳúһֱȥۡ˵ĺɽڴ
ǰţȻΪߣҪɱǱȻþڵ쾳ǿߣԣҪƬɽ¡
СҽɽִƬ̣һµµһʯǰ
Ҷ̽ʯ֮ڣȻʯ﷢˳˪˪
Ҷһϲæ˪˪ȥ˪˪죬ټ죬Һܿġ
괫Ҷջء
δжݾߡ
Թ緹Ǻɽȥظɻһ߸ɻһ˼Բߡ
һʾ֭Ҳû뵽һȫ֮ߡ²⣬ĺɽȻǿߵ֮أʲôȥ϶þڵ쾳ǿߣҪϢؾȳ˪˪̫ܡ
ǰȥʳõ·ϣɽĵʵСƣҿ綼Ĳɵӣǲˣ
ҶҡҡͷȻӴȡһ龧ɽ˵壬龧ţһ뿪ҡ
ɽҡͷܾСƣԵ޹Ǯء
壬£ﲻȫҶС֮ܽܲ뵽취Ѿж
ɽһ죬ʵСƣ㣬ô֪أ
壬㲻Ҫ֪ЩұǣУ²Ҫκ֪Ҷ춣ҲɽΪˣŻǰ¸
ɽʵСƣ㲻һ𣿡
һͲһˣʱӳȥǡҶ˵ű㽫龧ɽ
ɽȴƵСƣҶǮ
壬ͰźˣЩǮ˵ûκôҶ˵
Сƣ͹ѵĿģɽСʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ɽĵȰʵۺһˣɲҪʲô嶯°
壬ͷĺˣҲµġҶЦ
ɽ˵ͷһӡ
Թȥϸ˼СʱĻȻص˼Բߡ
һȻû뵽κ֮ЧĶԲߣΣҲֻӲͷƤǿˡ
峿С跢ȥ֪ͨչж
ļƻСڡСŮſڽԴǿߣԼǱɽӪȳ˪˪
ɽһҶ㶯ɽȥøСǵ֮ǰִɽ
رɭϣûӶ˹͹Ҫҡڵߵɽ̫ܡԣ;нٳһ䵥ӶӶƷһڸҲͷˡ
˳ŮӶߵ·ߣ첽Щһ·ϲδܵκ
ɾҪִɽڵʱȴǿϤӰӶԶԶ
κ͹ףںؾˣּһҶ滳ϼǲҲġ
£ǰ·ûв·Ψһܿ˵İ취ǵͷҪͻȻͷĻжԷɡΣҶҲֻӲͷƤǰߣԼݣִ˹Ӧòڱϳ
žԽԽҶҲԽԽȻݣĽԴѹúܵͣ±ԷϳƵġ
κ͹˵Цǰţƺδע⵽Ҷ졣
˫ܿԷ̸ЦһֱûͣЪҶ˿
ȻûĴʯͷأͻȻһ졣Ҷƺʶʲôüͷһ壬Ťͷȥʱһ
ֻһֻĳš
ںؾʱǱСɽº󷽣ǱƸֵġ£ֻУȻʲôͷ
Ȼܿ˹׵ĺվס
ҶŲȻֹס
ת׷Ը
ԥƬ̣Ҷ컹ʵʵת
ţַԸͷ̧
ҶԹ̧ͷ
Ҷüͷ壬ԵЩɻ
ʱϵʵʲô𣿡
׽Ҷ죬شĶƴһ˿Ϥζ
ôһ˵ŤͷҶ쿴ȥ
ҶƬ̣ζ˵ָһöҶ켲̶ȥ
Ҷüͷһ壬ȻɵӲһ£ѡһתܣĿǰٶ˦κ͹ˡֻôҲӲңһǿߣܲǵѡ񡣼ȻвͨҲֻܺͶԷӲƴˣʵȫܹǿߵ֮ǰ˻ɱ
û˿ԥҶѸٳԪܣȫϮö룬ֱʩչײΪϵ͵Ĺ׳ȥ
׺ѾԾҶֵɲǣǷ׷׳Ԫܡ
Ҷܿ׸ǰԪ۳
ʶҶ֮ʱҶѾŹ׵ͷ¡
׻æƻȼʽʩչȫڵ
ᣡ
й׵ķЩһ
ʱѻűӲϮҶɿʩչײ󷽳ˡ
Ҷƺͣ׳ҶȡƽΡ
ӵŰǺڵΪҶĿǰڵΪҪɱ֮¡£ֻ轫ס׻ɱ֮һͬԸΡ
Сӣϴӹһ٣û뵽㾹Ȼҵǹƥĳ嵽һ˵ţһ߾ٽӭҶ졣
ᣡ
ײҶֻƽеϵȻ޷ο⣬ײ֮£һʮಽסơ
Բ죬ܽϷһʵ˲٣Ƿ龧˰ɣ
ҶһЦ˵ûһ龧ѾСүҸˣҪȻСүֻһ˴ҡ
һߣ˵СӣΪϷ֪龧ĹЧ㽫龧£ҲֻܽΪһΣҪҰ㻹ء
СүʧˣΪƾҵĴǣ԰ˣתû뵽ҾȻôˡҶƤЦ˵


797 
ߣͷ˻ǻγȣٽҶ켲ȥ
ҶûԿʩչײ
һ࣬ѽֻƷٻֻѸ͹֮£ĹƷɲ˿óĹƻҲǼ簵
ûãϵĹƻѱĥûӵϮ£ϢĴ͸˹׵塣
̱ͨڵأֻƷҲ֮ɢ
ĿǰʵҪԸǰڵĹ׸׾֮¡
׵ºݻصҶ
Ťͷ˿һԵĹףɫԵøأôҲû뵽Էô̵ʱｫ׻ܡ
ô𣿡ҶЦ
Ϸǵ͹ˡ
֪Ѿ̫ˣܿͻ϶һɵˣԺûѾȥܵظǰԵɡԱϣҶѸʩչײΡ
ɱϷûôףһٽӭϡȻ֪ǿ߱ȻѾߵĶڸϹ;УԣֻҪԷסƬ̾Ϳˡ
նλӽҶȥ
ᣡ
Ȼײһһɿ񱩵ˣԲʮڵĽ̼䱻ݻٴ
ײ˫ƴ൱ײɲǣ˾󷽵ˡ
ں˵;УҶ˦ֽȥ
ڿзܿ컯Σ۳Ϯȥ
λδվȽŸѸϮĹƣԵЩֲôӵŷḻʵս飬㾽ȵ֮£ܹʱ
ᣡ
Ĺٴαεı£μĵˡ
ʱҶվƣѸȡƽʩչײγȥ
ҶͬʱҲܿƣҶȥ
վȣҶѾǰƽеϵͬʱȼ
ƽȻǵд󺧣æҵĻӽӭ
䣡
£˫ƽϵҲ൱ڰǺڵʽ
˫֮ʣҶѾθǰһԪֻǿñǰȻûӳֵı޷Ĺ
û˿ֱӴ͸˱Ԫܣһ
̱ͨڵء
Ҷ촭˿ϽջأɢһɨΧв쾳ǿ߳߳ѱƽס
Ѿûʱȥռκ͹׵ֻ꣬׳ö룬˵ԴȻȡݵ飬ֱص֮¡
ȻѾҷ֣ҶҲͲٵСǹֱҺɽǱжȥͬʱдָ̾
ǱɽصµʱҼλ쾳ǿغڹѺų˪˪ǼʯΧ
ҶûóȻھʯʮһСɽ˳ӭʮ˫ŭŷɷĿ⡣
ҶɨһۣǿϺͺڹѸҲڣ񶾽Ѿ֮ˡ
ϺͺڹѸ֮⣬ҶֻϵӦöҺ񶾽̵쾳ǿߡ
ЩУҶĵͷ԰׵ͷ˵Ϊ޷Ȼž쾳ϵʵ
Ҷһ˿Ц⣬٩Ҳ̫˰ɣ֪ҹȻȫһӭӡ
Ϊ׵Ǹüͷӳ˵Сӣһɱλǿߣ֮𲻹죬ձڡ˫ݵ֮ɱȻ׹¶ҲԿеķŭ
Ҷһߣ˵ɹֲң˵ҲҾȡġ£ʱ䣬Сǹ
üͷһߣ˵ⷬϷԭⲻķ㣬յ³Լȡġ
ҶЦЦƽʵϼһӦþ峤ɣ
üͷشûҲ֪ˡ
ҶЦһ˵ѹҵ˶ôϲ˵󻰣ԭ̳ġ
Сӣϻ˵б¶ʹɣϷ·ԱϣƾճֳһɫǹһϵϵҲ˵ǻϵ
׼֮ʱۡһɱȻСѾϹˡ
峤СӻԮǸ׷ͷ˵Ҵ쾳ǿߡ
ԭкԮѹ޿֣ϷҪ㵽״Щʲô˹첢δҶ֣ƺѷʵġ
ҶаЦүүǿߣԽҲ
첻ΪȻ㽫ĺ̻쾳ǿ߶Ҳ뿪ҡȻ֪Ҷĺ̻֮ĹϵԱΪҶĺ̻ǿߡ
Ҷʼ˵ôϲ˵󻰾ץʱ˵ɣɵϿɾû˵ˡ
û˵ʲôЩ˶ҧгݣ޲Ҷ֡
˫֮ʣĺɱԽԽܿһӰ߼Ӱ֮ѳҶԣСڡ
Сڵٶö춼һ˸Ϲ˹ۡ
ˣոСɱöˡС˷ܵ˵ǶԱצϻȾѪ
Ҷ캹ʵΪʲô̶أ
СڻشС輸ǰء
ǾǾǰˣҺûûеƾǡҶҵʣСʲô̶ˣ
ڲࡣС˵
Ҷ˵ͷ
ʱСҲ̱Ҷǣݵĳ̱Ů֮⣬ȻһİŮӡ
ŮӵǺڵΪŮжȻѷǵС
СŮܿҶԣҶϸλİŮӣŮ˸ۡԷȵʱҶͲµŮ˿϶ݵĻ¡֮ҪݣӦǲǣĺ̻ᡣ
ðǰæҶ컹ͦмģȻԸͷӦּĶֻûġ
죬˪˪أ̱Ҷʵ
ȺͷʯءҶش
̱ЩͷȥǵҿоԲǿߣ²öԸ
Ҷصĵ˵ͷĿǰʵҪԸԲǿߣȷʵЩѡ
ҶߵЩǿߣЩͷԵüΪȻЩ𾪣Ȼһгӡ
˵ȵСӣŮʶĻ͹ԹɣĿǰֻǰڵΪԶԷǿȻЩľԱó˪˪ҪЮ
ҶһЦԸɵǵɵأҿǹ˵ģġ
ֵֻҪˣȻŮˡ
㵱СɱôˣǻˡҶص
вͲɱŮ𣿡
Ҷɫ֣ڳ˪˪ڶԷ־˵ȷʵΪ


798 
Ȼ˵ҪЮֶίʵӣ첢δϾԷʵɲСһսĻаջʤҲȻ˲ء
ҶһҲֻôˡ
ɴߣСڣֻҪܹﵽĿģʹʲôֶк𡣡Ȼ˵
˵ܹһ˲캦֮ˡҶĵ
ٷϻҪٲҿɾŮ·ˡȵΪӵʦݣҵĵλͦߵģҲˣŸš
죬Ҫֱɱȥˡ̱
Ҷҡҡͷ˵˪˪ǱϣҪóȻĻǺܿɱ˪˪
ܲȥɣ̱
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣뵽һƣæӴȡǰ龧˵Ӧúõɣ
Ҷ龧˶ǵɴ۾һ۲ģ
龧Ҳǵһۿ龧Щ
û龧ҶЦ˵ֵװɣ龧ˡ
ԶЩˣ˵ֻҪܵõ龧Ǿζ˵ΪܹһΣǺεջ
ǣ龧ΪҪƺǻɱҶ죬Ϊһĳɳٶʵֲ̫ٷμ꣬Ҷˡ
һߣ˵ˣ龧ǵ֮ֺαҪʸ㽻
˵ɵ㻹ϣһװ龧䵽𣿡Ҷ쳰Ц
üͷ壬ʵ˼ǣǲˣͻ龧
ûҵõ龧Ψһ;ǿɵˣ񺣵ؾѾû˵龧Ǿ֮ҩѰٵõ龧ļֵӦöҶЦѵ
Ҷⷬ˶ͷӶ
츽ԣС˵峤ǲȴӦȵõ龧ٽһ𡣡
˼һӦǺã⽻ǽˡ
Ȱ˸ˡҶ˵
СӣΪɵҪǷˣδػύ龧ҪǽףȰ龧ȵ
ҶߵΪɵҵƷһҽ龧ǻ𣿡
룬Ҫɣ龧ɽϣȻ˿ͬʱǷˡ
ҶͷӦ⵹Ǹð취ǾôɣȰ˴
˻֣ܿһ쾳ͷǰȥʯҵŴ򿪣ѳ˪˪˳
죬ǿ߰ɣҪˡ˪˪֪Ҷ˲ҵĶ֣Բǡ
˪˪ģǴҶƽ뿪ġҶ϶˵
ֵѾˣڰ龧ŵɽϣȻ˿˰͹
û⡣ҶڴӦ˵ű㽫龧ŵ˵ϣű˻¡
Ҷ˺˵ͬʱǶͷЮų˪˪һҶȥ
˫ĲҶߵʮֽԷˣơ
֮ҶһѾɽ¶ʮףǶͷҲų˪˪ߵ˫м䡣
ʱѸɽ³ȥҶû龧ֱų˪˪ȥ
ѳ龧Ƕͷڳ˪˪ݺĳһơ
ۣ˪˪Ѫǰ˵쾳ǿߵһȡ
˪˪Ҷ쾪һų˪˪ȥ˵ıֶޱȷŭ
ǶͷĴЦһͷҷȥ
Ȼܵ;һʹűдؿڴ̳ѪʱӿؿڵıУͷ۵ɵùԲһ˼顣
ۣ
һǽͷӺ룬ȻֵСڡ
Ҷܿ챧ס˪˪˻ȥϣ˪˪ѱ飬Ǳˡ
Ҷ˵ȡһι˪˪¡
ڴڼ䣬ѾŭС˳ȥ
СڲδӰһΣһΪ壬ֱӭȥ
СҪȥæȴҶ
СڷֳЩ˶Ϲ˹ۣСڵٶȣһ˸޷׽
ۡ
Ϊϵ͵ļһܿСڵѾ龧Сˡ
СڣġС޵
СڵҪͷӻһҪɱء
죬˪˪ôˣ̱ǵҶʵҲ֪˪˪һƱ׶༪٣ǵҶҽٻǱһ˿ϣ
ι˪˪Ҷʱ̹۲ų˪˪״ϲǣ£˪˪ڱྐྵǽϻָ
Ҷһ˵Ӧûʲôˡ
Ҷô˵˶˿
ʱǷŭĺɱ
Ĵ֮£Ҷ߱
᲻ƴֻ辡סֱɡҶѵ˵ű㱧ų˪˪ʩչһ죬Զһɽɽȥ
Ϻܿ쿪սҶİ֮Сڶ죬СǿȻСĿǰֻаΪҪԸǰڵЩҪסûġ
̱¡ŮҲʵӦĶ֡
Ҷ챧ų˪˪ɽϣ÷ķΧȻͷŵսȥ
սٻСڵԸ죬ԼЩΪϵ͵ļһȥ뾡˫ϵĲ࣬ΪŮѹ
һնɱ˺СǱߵѾֹۣС֣ҲԵ¾Բ졣
ƲҶǰȥȻΪǲġδƽָΪʣǰ֮лٻ
ҶľֹоǹҶȥ
Сڽ϶ΪһҶǰͷǵĽâһ쳤ףǰ
׳ǹ͵ŷϴȥ
ᣡ
һӲĹ
üͷһ壬ǹעԪǹ棬Щҡҷţצޡ
ƣŭһǹϮġ
䣡
һ𣬰˷ŰϮԲʮڵĲľȼɻҽ
ػ֮£ķڱһƽâݻصСڶͷϡ
Σʱ̣Ҷٻڻɣʹ֮£֮С
ɲǼҫ۵ľɫ⣬Ƴ֮ϵ


799 ս
ǾĿ£һӴӰȻҶеƽڳ
ܿ쿴Ӱ⾹ȻһֻӵŰ˸Դľ͸ȫȼŰɫ
໡
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СӣҳΪ£ħͨҶʵ
Ҷصɱǰüͷ
ħİ˸Դ׷׳ȥСӣԸһ࣬Ǳҵݡ
Ҷ캹յˣڵ״̬δضԸͷ
ħƺҲʶԼ״Ҳû˵󻰣ȻӦǺðɣҾһͷ
Աϣħŭһڵȥ
ͬʱСҲٶȷֳ졣
Ȼħƾˣȴû˿ţȫ汬ǡЩʮ֮ߣҷš
ħĿǰ⸱µ̬Ǻ˽⣬ûԴȥӲƴɳ棬˦β͵ȥ
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ҵײ£һҡΣδɢ
СûҿΧܣȴֵʱ
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̶ֳȵսҶͲ岻֣ԾȡƽЩ˳ȥ
֮ǰѾмΪϵ͵ڶԷһҶͽ˳֣лС裬ȻҶȥ
ԭҶ컹ûЩͽǿ߸һˣϻ֣ѻӵӺϮ
ΣҶҲֻܽĿת
ᣡ
ײҶ˼ĿǰֻаΪǵԪ״̬ԸǿȻЩ
СܿӺ׷ҧȥҶƽ׵ȡ˳ΪƽĴ̫ķѾǰ֮²á
ȡ׵ҶеСݻ˳
Сݶٻ׵磬ͷϿնʱܲ
ȻҶıն޷̫ЧʩչǽΪͷʹġټϻС֣ѹҲ͸ˣȻΪǿߣɲôװ
սſʼûãƬɽһƬǽ壬䱬֮˷սΪҡ
µĶϣ˫Ϊ޼ټ񶾽ĺ᳤̻꽻ս˶ԶԷʵ൱˽⣬ǴñȽϱء
̱һͬʱԸڹѸˣȻڹѸΪҪ̱߳һأҲźͳ̱൱Ϊ̱ӵзϵĶŷϵƾٶȡƣΪĶ֣Ҳȫܹڲ֮ء
ǱߵҲȽֹۣԸͽǿߣΪҶ֮ǰѾɱһˣӦҲɶˡ
һɹȵϮȫͷųǹɳѾҽһŨܡɳ治ͣţ۳󾹳Ϊһʮ׸ߵĻˡ
ֻԴ˫֣ɫҽвͣתΪˡ
ӴĻޣСڸͲ岻֣ҲûţתĿ꣬ȥ
ѾǰʽҼΪ˳ΣûȥԸֻħǻȭſС۳׵Ϯȥ
䣡
׵Ϯ͵ñѿǽ˵ֻұը÷顣
˺ֳܿµֱۣСܴݻؾ׵С
׵󣬻˻ҪҶϮȥȴħԷӣħǴΪջŭһ˸ͷͬʱŻ˵ҧȥ
ղŵħѾ⸱̬Щ˽⣬֪ԷֻЩɫ𣬲˺Ҳûʲô˼ˡ
԰ħİ˸ͷЩʤֻû˫ۣͬʱ»ֵ
ܵ˵ľȭħмͷϵİɫɢһգЩɢֻܿصϣ״̬ͺԭȵЩơ
ڼͷ˵ͬʱȻͷɹͻƣͷֱŻ˵Դ˫ҧȥ
䣡
˵Դ˫ܵͽȻѣӿɢ
ͺ֮ǰһ˵Դ˫۱ܿͰħһǴСǿ
Դ˫ۻָ󣬻˻ȭŸϽսĻϮȥ
ħȻóѣǰ˸ͷҧȥ
Ҷ콫ȫƹ۲һȻСѾԸҲûϹֱͣǱ߳ȥƾΪϵľƣɱЩͽǿߡ
ҶǼսͷӴܡ
ҶѸʩչײ׷һͷ󣬾׵ݺ¡
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ͷԪû˿ãҶһ֮ը÷顣
Ҷû˿ͣյ˳ȥ
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ҶΪǼŭ죬ֻǻ˵֮лȻ۳һ׳Ļ泤ǹ͵ýǹŻȥ
Ҷһֱɢ״̬ȻһʱľٶԸСǰȥ
СΪһ壬һӰ㳯ǱµĻ泤ǹȥ嵽泤ǹǰ˫צһӣֱ泤ǹնΡ
Ҷ˿ȻԸСڣרӦͻϮ
˺֮ǺҶĿһתԶŭʢϼһɱҶһĻ£ȻҶ鲢δȥеŭȴû˿ͷȻ˽⡣
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Ϯ͹ƣȻɷףʧĻӽɨȥ
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ıܵ׵ĺֱӱɣ׵Ԫȥǡ䡱һԪҲ顣ֻϵԼͷ¡
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ôɱ㣬̫ˡҶһյȡһѻڤֱȻ̽ؿ㼸£סļѨλ
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Ҷ˦׵÷飬ڹѸ״æʹڤҶȥԸǵͷȱܣûܼ㱻̱
Ҷɻڤ룬ʩչնһ·
ۿɾֱߣʼδģ֪Ҵȥ


800 
ܿ죬һֻʣ졢ϡ
ҶȻǽìͷָΪ͵ϣһǱնȥŵƨæ˦£Ⱦܡ
ҶȻѣ֮䣬׷ϣ׵䵱ͷ¡
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ᣡ
ҵĳ£ĵˡ
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䣡
Ԫ飬׵Դϻ̱ڵء
ϺҲֻʣˣΪϼһɲöԸһŮﲻʲôæ
ҶԾͽŮ֧ȥѰס
ʱŭգǻ˫ָһǹħİ˸ͷ޷ƽ
Ҷ֪첻öԸǾͽСڣСȶԸ
ʵƾСһˣѾ޷мܣ˵ˡ
˵ĹƣڽڰˣѾŲ˶á
ߵƣæһָֻԮ
ϮĻǹҶ˶ûӲӣ׷ˡ
û˵ԡ
ҶҲħ˻
ϼһҵ˶ˣҪǾ͵ΪֹɡҶȻضԷ龧֪Ŀǰʵ޷ԸԲǿߡ
ŭգ׷ҶȥߵȫûҲҪأ
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ҶͷһħʽħԸĻɾͲˡ
㲻ǺţƵ𣿸취Ҷ켱
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ħ룬˵취һֻҪܴĴۡ
˵ɣֻҪܶȹһ٣ҲֵˡҶᶨ˵˵Ҫ벻취Ը죬ǱȻ͵øۣеķǲԶġ
ħƬ̺˵ҪԸͷֻˡ
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ŸԪƽҶʱоƽ·һƵģҽ̺İҲеԪһʡһ˲䣬Լѡȷģʧһ߸ԪҲֵˡ
ħʧǹҶϮ
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Ȼ˵ϣҶʹϵͷŻҧȥ
ϵͷſ죬һҧڻ˵ļϣҧʳȥţϵͷ̰һ㣬ͣʳŻ˵˵ʳʱ޷Σ䡱һը÷顣
ϵƺҲܵ˲СĳЩģҲһƬɷס
ҶڿնȻŵϵ죬˵ϼһոո·㲻ҪƫƫҪѡ·ںĪ˰ɡ
ͷſеҶ죬ڲûԼȻôļһû뵽һ
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801 
ѪҶȻ뵽龧ɢһɨӰ
ȻĴըͬʱըˣҲ˵ǰ龧ѲڣҶʹϧѡ
̾һص棬˿̱ڵϰҶСڷԸСڣ·ɡ
ǣСӦһȥ
Ѿ˷ԪҲȻڵˡ
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СڵıצϻԴӲϹ䣬ѪȪһӿȾΧĵ档
սѾԲһƬ꣬žսʱİ
ҶƽȻֽΧЩʬ׷봢С
깤Ҷߵǰͷ˵ϼһӦû뵽Լн³ɣ
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ҶЦģģ֮ǰһԵñġ
˵ţȡѻڤЦϼһҲпڸˣӱԶûóԣһͳĿţҲ޺ˡ
кܿ췢˺ѷεĲҽ
ҶûЦתȥ
ɽϣ˪˪ڵϣҲָѪɫ
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ǸͲˣ㻹ǸϽʪ·ɡҶߴٵȻô˵Ҫǳں⣬жٻЩ˽ġŮ˳ͦҲԣҶȻһ۸
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ûãӱʻɽһƽ̹ĵ·ǰһ
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806 ҽ
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ô˵ʲô˼ҽԵЩ
ӦúԲĿǰ״ͳŲ硣ʵʩĻȻںܴķգٻһϣġֳɹʵ͵ֻǲַȲеĲϻ̫ྫ˵ûɣҶǳЦʵ
ҽԵЩ飬ΪάԼӲͷƤ㣬㲻˵˵λƵѾܶˣȻʺܵͣиġ˵Ļǵմ󣬶һͽ˼ͥľø
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öָŮ۾һ⣬䡣
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ţŮӦ
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Ҷ˵ͷЦȻȴġԷûжƵĻǿ޵ˡ
ŮӿһЦҽܵҽרŸЩ³Աģ֪γƺ
ҽҶ죬йҶҲҽܡ


808 Ϣ
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Ҷ˵ǰȥһ˶季ֶ孵ĵʵоߺˣоЩԾ·棬׹к;أ
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׹òлãҶҲⷽ淢չΪβռȻأҶɻʵ
ʵ鶼ǲʵģȻ׹о·˽֪֮£ֻҪͶãҲûָ𡣶һйнΪ֣׹Ϳվڵµߵ㣬˳ĶҽƲãԵơϸķ
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ͷȻҲˡ
׹ڽﶼЩʲôأѵҲߺѪҶЩ档
׹ڽȽϸӣۼ˸ʽˣиߣҲߺͺڰ͢л̵ĽͽֱǴӻ⣬˺ͺڰܲ͢ڽ硣˵
ȥڽ𣿡Ҷʵ
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ȫڽֶԸڰ͢Ҷ
ڽȽϻңвٵԵɵͶ˺ڰ͢˵ڽ缸龧϶ڽһЩʯ֪Ϊáһ˵
ʯ֪˭𣿡Ҷʵ
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Ҷ˵ͷûټ׷ʣϾЩ¸ҲûʲôϵҪĿҵߣá


809 ս
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ɽʯƹ⾲ţһӡ
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ѾΨһİ취ˣڣʱӦԴΪءȼȰ˵
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˶٣ںʹ߰ɡëڹ˵
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ŮѪͬɹܿ壬ȴŻУֱֻ۱ڻһأʣǰصڵء
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䡭


811 
ײɲǣѪĽռ𵴣Ϊ֮ޱǿĳ徢ӲĽȺʫƷɡ
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ܵâҫŮѪϸŵЩѪڻȭѪڻѪھŮѪֱּڻ·ܵµһ㡣

ŮѪ˻ҽУʫȭͷıƽֱֻۺܿ챻ڻ
ۿʫõȭͷҪŮѪԴɾڹϣȵľǽ䡱һ֮ȻǱǳѪġ
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𣿡˫ѱȪӿˮģʫȻܹĿǰΪѾӡԺ֮С
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ʱִϣһأոնûüлҶЦ
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˵ͬʱѸٵƽеĽϵɲǼ䣬˸ɫâǽ׶ϵں̬


813 
ǰܹͬʱںϵΪܵޡ£ҶܵѾǰǿ࣬ںҲҪľˡȻҲҪԶʤ֮ǰ׵ӦѾﵽ˾Ǻˮ׼
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Ҷ͹ͷѪɿ񱩵ĳˣʮףڰ֮С
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ͷѪȽ⣬ֻұѱ飬ѪҲòϻͣнȻһغϣ·磬Ѫ˵ܵ˸㲻ʲô
Ҷ׼ʤ׷һԷеʱԶǳһȺѪΪ׵һѪ
ôѪЩ߶һո˷˲䰵ȥ
ȻҶ쿴ʮӣ˲ӦһѪڶĶѪ
Ѫܿ嵽˹ͷѪ
Ͻ׼ǰȥ֧ԮҶʱҶǱƽ֮лȻһͳ֮ţɫľԽг
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ԣʫþӰ㣬񾲵˯ţ΢΢ƺΡ
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̤ţҶԶԶƵʯȻ𣬵˵׹ڽ罨˴ʯ
ȻǰЩʯ׹ʯȻĳϵ
Ҷоæʮ𼱵Ǳȥ
Ȼִǵʱ򣬿ľһľĴ֣ȴǿյģżܿһŮźӴҴҼУƵġ
֮࣬Ҷ첽ĺ̻ȥĺ̻ᾹǿһˣСںСҲӰ
ٻصϣҶһҵҵһʰͷү˶ȥˣ
ĶȥˣûĶˣ̬ͷҡͷ̾Ϣ
ȥĵˣҶʵ
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ȥ׽ɽɡ˵ţ׽ɽķȥ
;·Ҳǿһˣͷ·ĩһ㡣
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ôᵽģСһû£ҶҲͷ
Ϊ˶ˣûطȥֻˡСش
ʱ׻ɽĴ׵жݳҶǰΡ
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Ҫˡ׻ش
ʲô£Ҷ׷ʡ
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ҶΪôܣЩʯʲôأ
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ʲôҶɻ
׻͵ռġ
ѹֶ龧ɽϣЩռʲôأҶʵ
Ӧз״󡣡׻
з״õأҶʵ
׻˵һ˵зף·;˵ԿͨͨҪķѾ޴ҵüз׾ϵԴԴû˳Թ
ϵԴѵǾϵ𣿡Ҷ
û׻
ҶҶҶˮϵϵټ꣬ͷ
ȻĻʹԲ꣬Ǹũؾųˡ
ĿǰҶյһеһУӦöΪ
Ҷüͷʣô˵һĻڽͻˣ
ȻڽʧȥڽȻ׻˵
ȥЩʯҶ˵
侲㣬ƾһֹӴĹ𣿡׻ѵ
Ҷ侲ȻԷʵסڽǾȻԼһֹ˵ġ
Ǹô죿ѵôڽ类𣿡Ҷ콹ǲѡ
Ҳֻһ취ˡ׻˵
ʲô취Ҷ켱æʵ
׻˵ԪӤˣֻʵͶԷ⡣ȻһԪӤǿչսڽҲӻĶˡ
Ҷʧô˵ڽǱȻûˣ
ɡ׻곤̾һ
Ҷ̱ڵأһʵ̫ͻȻΡ


814 
˼ãҶʵϴβ˵õΪﵽ󾳺ԪӤ𣿡
Ŀǰʵǲֻǽķѱ᧿ΣҲ˲ôˡ׻˵
Ҷ̾˿˵ȻڽעҪֺαضһء
Ŀǰ֪з״󽫻նڽЩĻܻܿٸ׼С׻ѵ
ô˵ǱǾԪӤˣҶЦ
ûѡ񡣡׻˵
ȻҲֻôˡҶε
ν뷲һԪӤ֮ǽһսҲ;еһսˡ
ʵ͵ô꣬ΪҲһս
Ҷûԥ׻ĸ֮£ʼԪӤ
һתۼš
һ죬׽ɽӭһλĿˣǴҶ̾Ԫɡ
ʱԪҶϲ⣬æֹͣӭӡ
Ԫǰôҵġ
Ԫų룬Ц˵ʱˣϷȻ͹ˡ
ʱ׻Ҷڶݳͷ
Ǻǣ׻ѿ״̬˵ŨӦöаɡԪЦ
ŨҲûȰ׻ƲƲ˵
ҶʣԪǰ˴ιңӦʲôҪ°ɣ
괫̾ʱϷ˵Ҫ㣬㻹ǵðɣԪʵ
ǵã֪ǰкҪЧأҶʵ
ԪδŻش𣬶ϸҶһĵ˵ͷû뵽޳ԪӤòˡ
ҶЦЦ˵ԪӤҪʱղܳա
ʱ䡣Ԫ˵
ǰҪģʲôأҶ׷ʵ
£ϷͷԪ˵űϥҶҲϥ¡
£ϷͲ˵ˣʹӵϷˣ䵽ʱ˵ɡ
ʶ
Ԫۣ۵һƬľɽȡ
ɽïʢӲݺ͹ľмô׳Ĵֻ֦Ϸš
ԪŲŲӣ϶ʱһĵľʹ̧ͷ򸹲ȥֻѪģҷƺ
ҺԪӤûбߡԪ˿ŤͷΧɨһۣ૵ʲôطأϡ
˵ţɽͻȻһ
ԪͷһŲӶ˸һƬľԡ
͸ľķ϶һͷѩ׵ͷ˽
ͷϱһ¨һһ߿ԣƲӡ
Ԫһ۱㿴ͷ֮ˣӵ˫Ϊ
˵ϡ˫ΪֻǼ˰ɡԪ
ͷȥɽȺ󣬱ĴѰڲҩӡ
û߼ͷͻȻͣ½Ųq£ԴȻһתԪ߿
Ԫв
ͷȻѾʲôһһͣСĳԪȥ
˼ԶԶǰƬѹӲݣԼϲѪ
ɡͷòɣ
Ԫ֪Ѿ޿ɶ㣬Ǳǿ˹ľ
ʲôˣͷʵ
ԪɡԪش
ôû˵ͷɵ
˵ԶɣʵѣʲôطأԪʵ
ڽ硣ͷش
ڽʲôطԪɻ
Ī㲻ˣͷЩɡ
ѵﲻ𣿡Ԫʵ
ͷҡҡͷ˵ﲻʲô磬˵磬ҵ˵
ѹִ˵ϡԪȻЩ졣
ͷʵôģ
Ϊؾ׷ɱײռѷ죬ԾԪ͵
˰ɣͷʵ
Ԫͷȷ˲ˡ
㿴ɡͷ˵ű㳯Ԫȥ
ľǰԪӹľ˳
ԪʱüͷȻ𣬡˺ء
Ԫ˵һּµ鶾ܸʴ壬ḯʴƾǲҽε˵ġ
ǿδأҿҽͷŵ˵˵ץԪһüһ˿֮ɫ
ʵû취ĻǾˡԪ˵
Ȼʱ޷ҽΣһҵ취ģȸһȥɡͷ
ǵԼǰµ绹ϤԪҲʹӦðɣǾ鷳ˡ
ǣͷ㽫Ԫɽȿȥ
γƺأԪͷʵ
Ҷͷش
ѿӣĪҲʲôˣԪʵ
ԪꡣҶ̾Ϣ
ѵԪƺѺľΪλܴأԪɻʵ
˵һЩҲǿġҶش
Īñ˵ĻĻǣԪԵЩ
ûҶʵش
ԪɵѴһȥòɣ
ҶǺһЦ˵Щв޹һֱ֮Сö֮ҽ֣淽ʽǺģҲΪ׷ɱʣֻϣƻ£ΪԼ
Ҷôһ˵ԪǷЩд˾ʵ˿ϲ֮¡
ǰҲԼܹʱ򡣡Ҷ̾Ϣ
˱߱ģ֮һƫƧɽ
ɽʯʯΡʯһЩ򵥵þߡ
ҶԪʯ
գҶһֱԪϵ鶾ٸԪṩһЩϢҵЩ鶾İ취
ʱ鶾ѾȾԪĴΪԪӤ⵽鶾ϮԪҲֻԪӤݳ
̫ϡԪӤݳ״̬ήңɢ
գҶŲҩԪһɽ
ڰʱ֣ͻȻһк
ʦʦ
漴ִһŲֻһ׷߽
׷һ۱㿴ʯϵԪ첽ܵʯǰʵʲôˣΪλʦ
ѵͽܰɣԪЩʵ
ûʦȥˣ׷ʵ
ʦŲҩˡԪش
ʲôˣ׷ٴʵ
ԪǺЦߣΪˣʦԱ˻
磿ʲôط׷ߺʵ
һ磬ҪöࡣԪش
׷ߺܿ쿴ԪԵԪӤɻʵСʲôأ
ԪӤԪش
ԪӤʲô׷߼׷ʡ
Ϊﵽһ̶ȺԪɽΪԪӤŨȣ޷޳ԪӤġԪ˵
׷һתʣ޳ԪӤǲǾͿӳأ
ԪشǰԪӤǿߵԴﵽһǧꡣ
һǧꣿ׷۾һԪԪӤ¶̰֮ɫ


815 ԪӤ
û˿ԥ׷ӳ֣һץסԪԪӤ
Ԫһʵ㣬Ǹʲô
ԪӤҾˡ׷ϲĶԪӤ
ԪӤңԪŭԪӤҲ֮ȻϡĻ£ԪӤ뿪ˮһ㣬ѡ
׷ϸԪӤֹţⶫأ
ʵǲҵԪӤġԪŭ
һô֪ӦҲҩһõİɣ׷˵ű㾶ֱԪӤ
ʱҶôɽ˽һĻͽԪӤ³
׷ûҶĺ裬һ㽫ԪӤȥ
Ͼܻһǧˣ׷Ц
ͽվŻҶ˵ű׳ö롣
Щ뻮ƿռ䣬ϳһڵѷ죬Ű׷Ϯȥ
˳ԯҽɣ̸Ż׷һ˵ţһͬ׳ö롣
أ
ЩڿײըһĿռѷ죬ɽҲ
Ⱳ²ôͽҶŭԱϣȡһ׷߳ȥ
֪գӦý֮ңһУȡġ׷ͬȡ˲һţ䡱ײ
սɽĿռĿ꣬Ҳռѷ컮ñˡ
ʱ׷ͻȻŶ˻ҽһʹģܵԪӤӰ졣
ͽɣҶһٽ׷ߡ
Ȼճ;ͻȻǰļĽĴ䣬ϡһʯϡӣͣѪ
㣬ͽܵе·ɣ׷ҧЦ˵űٽҶ
̴ۣҶ
ͨҶ̱ڵأǰİ׷ߣݺᣬȰ˵ΪʦҸ棺вԱУְɡ
Լ죬ûʸѵңҶŭһĽٴδҶ
Ѿ赲ˣҶЦһ󣬽űŲӣײײⱼȥ
ҶߺԪʯ£ѵҶʬǰ
˼̧˫ָ֣ӡһͼڣӡҶȨ
ѣ㡣ԱϣԪ壬Ҷ
ѣѿѣҶڣԪл
ҶѹʵǵҲͽɱˣ
ǣԪش
Ϊλ֮УҶɻ
Ժͣҽ̾㣬֮ˡԪ˵
ѵνĲ֮𣿡Ҷɵ
ôɡ˵ţԪ㽫̾ڸҶ
ԪĽҶΪ𾪣û뵽Ԫǰʦ֮侹Ȼ£ҶӦþʦɡʦ棬Ҷֻһ֮Եû̫˽⡣
׻ֵϴκͷ˵ǸӵԪӤҲǴˡ
Ҷͷͬ
Ԫ˵ƾһ֮ǾȻܽϷԪӤģȻǵõԪӤǿߵİ
ѵǺǰģҶ컳ɵ
׻ҡͷϴκͺͷ̸ǸಢδӴԲ
˵Ҳǣô󣬻ǿҲ˵Ҷ˵ԪʵԪǰҪҰæʲôأòҰԪӤɣ
ԪͷǣҶ
Ҷô˵ҾǱģҶǾŭ
ûʵһ㣬ϷһμʱѾ֪ˣʱϷûи㣬ҲֻǲĸԪ˵
ΪҪôΪҪ˲̣ҶȭͷǶѪȵļԺ֮и֡
Ԫ̾һ˵ʦ棬治֮ͽʲôأжǿʯΪԪӤʧ
׻ֵνʯӦþСˣѹֵɽСϢ
з״Ѳȥ磿ҶԼλʦ൱ˡ
ƾһǲ֪з״ģǸԪӤǿ߸ģ˵ֻǶԷһӶѡԪ²
ұȥֹӡҶᶨ˵ԪʵԪǰΪʲô̶أ
ϷͲˣϡϷڵǾԪӤӦ˲١Ԫ˵
ӵԪӤô꣬ӦѾ൱ϤˣҲŸոԪӤֻ²Ķ֡Ҷǵ
ҶСӵ壬ɷһսԪ
ԪôһᣬҶæʵԪǰ֮ǰΪЩûа취޸أ
ЩѾ׻ûа취޸ġԪش
ҶЩźǵʱĳҪӰ쵽ʵ군ˡ
һҲֻܿˡԪ̾Ϣ
ļգҶԪӤ
ԪӤ̺֮ǴڵЩƺЩִʱҶҲܲôˡ
תۼţԪӤڳɡ
ԪӤ̺İҶ۷壬ĺ׳黳·Ͷ֮ɻ硣
ҶͻȻǰԼôСָоͺ˲ϱ˴ҰÿˣȻǰȴСˡ
±ߣƬأҶĸп
ãӺڲｫƽȡ˳
ĿǰʵѾȫ֧ǽеԪ˻ֽħ˳
ٶƽħԵø˷ܡ
ĪǴ˵еİħԪߵҶǰ̧ͷſеİħ̾
ԪǰҲϵôޣҶЦʵ
ֻ˵ѣû뵽ȻԪ̾
˵ǱǸԪӤ˸ӡѽСҶ˵
ʱħڿڷȦ󣬻صҶǰʵСӣòھ߰ɡ
ȥҶ췴ʵ
ħİ˸ԴΣε̾Ϣ˵ϡҸ޷ȥǻصȽϺʰ
ҶЦЦ˵ȻؽɣӽһսҪ֡
ðɡħӦһֱƽ֮С
ҶĽԪпǧպãްպ죬ʹܵؽҲ޳


816 սǰ
Ԫĸ̾Ҷ̾˿ͬǰûþڣõҲվɻ䡣
뵱һҸ֣ȴǼ뵱꣬ʦʦһӣҲǰãʦȴʧ䣻ٿǰ磬ãվӻĶˡ
˿̣ҶףŴЩʫΪλô˽ĸ̾
ǵǧžūԴ˾ֵʫԴ󷢣īۻһˡ
ƽҶֽǰ뾵ȡ˳
뾵մԼѽԪӤӦÿԲˡ
뾵һȦҶ컺ע봿
ǴֲڵľʱҫİâһۿɼĹߴ˷۶뾵գΧĿռ佥ڰ
һĻԪֹҶСѣϽס֣
Χռ䣬ҶæӾջء
ʧȥĹ󣬰뾵ֹͣչߣ֮ǰȥĹҲûͷųΧƬɵĿռ˺ܾòŻָ
ҲԼѾӵԪӤΪҶͷƤЦԭʲôܣ¿Բ˵ˡ
Ԫ˿˵ϷûԪӤҲﲻʲôæ߾Ԫһ֮ɡ
߾Ԫ壿ԪǰôԪأѵǴӱģҶʵ
Ԫͷð˵Ȼͨ̾ġ
ҶһԴȻ򣺡ˣ̾ÿһΣԪͻһηѣԪǰѾ̾Բ˰ɣ
Ԫҡҡͷ˵ʵ̾㣬ĿǰϷֻĲ㣬̾
㵱Ҵ̾ʱ򣬲˵ֻ̳С̾̾̾ĲѲ㻹һ֣ңҶ컳ɵ
ԪƵһ˵ȷʵֻĲ㡣
ҶĨ˰ѺǵĲ㣬㰡
Ȼ˵ŵ̾Ǵûɹ㣬ԽҲͱˡԪ˵
ô𣿸òԭԼûɰɣ˵Ļû׼ֻ˵ѡҶ²
ԪǺܿ϶˵Ӧȷʵеģֻ㲢ûоĹĹʧ˰ɡ
ҶɻȻûй£ô֪еأѵ˵Ǳ书ؼһҳдˡ㡯֣ľͱ˸˺ˣ־ֻŻְɣ
ʵҲ˵ò࣬Ȼûб˸˺ˣȴֻа˸֡Ԫһź˵
˸֣ѵǣ˹ԹҶһʵ
Ԫͷð亹ȵǣ
ʲôأҶ׷ʵ
޾֮޾֮Ԫش
ֻǽĸظѰɣҶɻ
ǰǸǾͷľԪ
ͷľǰĺòҶƵ
Ԫʲô𣿡
ɴˣǰڷԪĹУ̧ϳγ谭ʹǰǻӦý̧ʹγ谭ʹӺǻǻҶϸĽ
ԪͷźߣںǾⷢʱɣ
ǵĸѽȻѧˡҶһ˵
ϷѹͲˣԪ񺹵
ˣҲӦ⺺ﶼѾˣȶ孹׹б֮ǾĸˡѾزȥˣ͸İ⺺ѧˡҶ춣
СڣʲôأССʵ
֪ǺĻ⡣Сڻش
ѵϳʲôС²
ǰɣϵҰóԡСڴΡ
ҰǰϳԵİɡС
ǺðɣȻץôҰǽͻ㸺ɡС˵
ץĺòС躹յ
𣿰ѽ㿴ģҪˣ컹ǶһٰɡС˵
һ쵽죬û¹꣬Ҫأ˵ԷʲôϵСڣһ͵ǰɣСŭʵ
Сϵ˵С裬ôôڮҵĳأǻ͵𣿡
㱾Ͳˡ
Сֵ˵ողҲ˵ˣϴֻҰץġ
ֵɽˡСѵ
ðɺðɡСڴӦֵʵС֪ɽʱˤȥ
ɵСĵˣôˤȥаС趣
㿴ҶӶôˣؿ϶ˣ»ΣյġСϵķ⣬̾Ϣ
ǰӦüˡСȰ
СͷҲôΪģԣҾϲˡ
ԣɽġ
㷴ӦҲ̫ٶ˰ɡ
ԪԼ߾ԪתƵҶ˵Ϸ߾Ԫ̺ǿľԸ㲻ٰ
ҿð𣿡Ҷʵ
ȻԡԪ˵
ܲܽҶɱأҶһڴʵ
أԪʵ
ҶشҾÿ϶еġ
㻹ʡԪƵ
Ҳֻһ¶ѡҶٺЦֵǵʱҾͲȽҶ߹ˡ
Щ¾ͽѺڽʿȥԸɣֻҪһһĶԸҶˣסԪӤǿ֮սɲǰЩսǰ򵥣ȫԸаԪ
ǺðɡҶͷӦ
Ԫֵһҵȸ㡣
ѵʲô˵ʤɱﵣҶڴʵ
ǡ
ҶûȤʵʲôأ
ǹ¡Ԫɫ˵
ҶҲ˼֡
Ԫ˵ͷ˵ܹ֮̾⣬ϵѾϵԲûϵ
˵Щë߹ϵҶ񺹡
ûйϵԪ˵
˵ǹ¡Ҷ
ѡԪǺЦ
㻹ôĿ˵
ʵ˵ǣҵıϵ
Ҷ۾һʵ˼ǣǸҶȥԪӤϵԪӤ
Ԫͷû
ҵϵԪӤӦܹϵԪӤɣҶʵ
ˣδ㣬ɵСĽһЩԪ֣ѵ
֪ˡҶ˵ͷԶؼһʯ̾һ˵һսҪˣҵ˽ΣֽΣ
˱ˣмǣҪԪ
ţһ߾ȫġ


817 
Ƭһƽ֮أһʵʯ忴Щʯһʮ׸ߵʯΪģʲ״һȦһȦ죬Ҹ߶ҲԽԽͣΧһȦʯһ֮ߡ
ЩʯĲֺйʯһȦֻʯʯʯԼĪԶʯһס
һȦʯʯͬ׾룬ͬʱҲҪһȦʯһס
ÿһȦʯ߶Ҳήһס
ΧһȦ59ʯ59ʯʯΪԲģΧһ޴ԲԲİ뾶ԼΪ80ףȫܹ900ʯݼӴ
ʱ˿̣ÿʯ϶һˣЩ˷ɫͬȻءȫӵ쾳ΪԽĴΪԽߡ
Щϥ˫ĿȻպϣһ㡭
뿪׽ɽԪҶһƫƧɽҶǣɽﾹȻۼŴʿҴ󲿷ֶףоĺ̻ˡ
ش磬Ƕû̫ˡҶϲؽӭȥЩʱ˶
Ǻǣ˿ľǰ֪ͨǣҪȻڿҲЩʿһΪĿˡؽЦ
ԭˡҶ˵ͷʣش磬ǧǧǿɶٺˣ
ĺˣѾȥ硣ؽ˵
ҶŤͷȺһɨܿ쿴˽ĿҶ첽ߵҶǰʦ
Ҷ۾Ҷ´һȦĵ˵ͷ˵ҲϣһսˡǿҶΪ
ǰҲһսˡҶ̾Ϣ
Ҷ£ԪӦѾ˰ɣҶʵ
ţҶ֪ˡҶش
ϰһҲνıӦɡҶ̾
ʦҲ̫ˣһжֻѡҶο
⣬ΪҪԼҪ˶ʤ졣Ҷ׻׻̻
ǣʦѵҶĵ
Ҷ˵ͷֱ۾
ţҶڳλһһкĺ̻쾳ǿ֮⣬ҡɷšӶЭ쾳ǿҲڳʮ֮ࡣ
˴кҶ˷ǰʵǰץȥ˰ɣ
˷̾˿һ˵ص˵ͷ˵ǰڰǰʧˣ䲻Ǳץˡ
ӵľϵҪġҶ˵
Ըƽ²źð˷֮ǳ
ǰģһὫƽȻġҶᶨ֮⣬ҶҲһҲҪƽ¡
պ뿪ɽȣҶԪĴ֮£Զսȥ
̿ϴʵһ졣
ǿѾ˴ΧǰӴľ˶Ǿ̾ѡ
ǰͷԪͣ˽ŲͷҶ˵Χǿ󷨣ҶСѣҲֻܴݻˡ
ҶȻܹΧŵ󷨣۲Ƭ̺ԪʵԪǰھ𣿡
ֻѾˡԪ˵
䣬һ󡰹ЦԶֻһ׷ߴһɽϣ̤
ȻҶӵԪӤΪȫ̤նС
ҶһȺʿ
ҶھʮĿֶͣȻЦλѣ
û뵽㾹ɢĲ˵زȰ㻹ǾְɣȻսٲ֮ءҶȰ˵
һ֮űῪʱҽ̤֮;ٲ֮˵Ҷ˷ܵĴЦ
ͱˣ;ƾҲȻ;еĿռʱֻ·һһʣԪѵ
һòģԻиҵ;ҶΪȻ˵
˵ĸˣָľǰԪӤ㲼ǿ߰ɣԪʵ
㻹ͦҶ
ԪЦֻµʱѱﻹ㡣
ֻûʶλǿߵʵѣҪȻͲô˵ˡҶƽ˵
˵ǰﻹõСɫæҿҲֻһӶѡԪ
Ҷһߣò䣬ǷǶԴԻ
ֵǷǶԴɥ֮¡Ҷǳ
ֻԼΪԵ£ǵ뷨ҺθɡҶΪȻ
ҿѾˡҶŭ߳
ҶҶ쿴ȥĿһû뵽㾹ȻҲ޳ԪӤĪҲǴĸһϢǿģ
ⲻùĵ⣬ֻҪ֪㽫ҶСҶȼŭ
Ҫʦ𣿲㣬㵹ǵõҵ洫ҲɱʦҶһЦ
ҸΪһ̸ʦ棬еҶȻ˵
һеʵ֪ɱʦҲе˵㻹ǵõʦҵ洫ҶЦ
ߣٷϻձڡҶŭȵ
ͽĪҪż룬Ӧú֪ΪҪҰɣҶЦʵ
ΪҵʯҶ˵
δҲ̫ˣн죬ʦҿǹûҶ˵
Ҷüͷһ壬ɻʵʲô˼
ȻȤҾʹͷβĸ㣬ҲĿҶ˶٣ּ˵꣬ҶԪӤɽ֮󡭡
ҶıɽڵԪӤƴţоԼĶӷ·Ҫըһ㡣
ȥɲУ취콫ԪӤҶ˼
ֿһһƧɽȣʼԪӤ
ʮȥҶδҵԪӤİ취ȴ˳ĽԪӤ֮С
ȻԪӤԼϵʹԪӤ󷴶øΪꡣһҶΪҲܵ˺ܴӰ죬Ľûϵġ
뿪ɽȺ˼£ĴѰԪӤ֮ԪӤⶫԭͲӵеżȻһ
ֱһ죬ܲһһƬƫƧɽ֮С
Ȼ䣬ǰһ׵粻ϵĴ֮Ϯ£ڰһɽɽϡ
¡¡֮űһ㣬ͣڶը졣
Щ׵ΪλһԵӿɽɽأѵرҶв²⣬æŲɽȥ
Ȼɽʱȴķ֣ɽϾȻһˣңе׵羹ȫϮǸϡ


818 
׵ĹâҶһ׷ߣӣԿ
ϮµЩ׵綼ϣǱ御ա
һĻҶĿɿڴ׵ǺεǿӵΪҲô׵ͬʱοԷڲκη״ġ
Ҷľͷһԭأ㶿ǰͷһο˺˵ĳ
Ҳ֪˶ãɢշ磬׵¡
žƬ̣׷߿ʵһܺ棬Ϊܳ׵֮ɣ
ǰʾҶ
׷Ȼ˵Ϊף̧Ͷ֮ɻƬأοʳ׵硣
ףҶЩɡ
ѵ㲻𣿡׷Ȼʵ
˼ֻЩȰˡҶشȻ֪һǲףһǿԿ϶ģޱǿ
ԪӤǴӺζģ׷תƻʵ
ҶԷȻܹ׿ԼǾǵ֮
ǣһǰҵġҶЩػش
㣿ֻԼİɣ׷ߺĽҴҶĻԡ
Ҷԡ
׷ȴ˵ΪˣӦҰģҰķܳɴ¡
ǣǰ˵üǡҶЦŹά
׷ֵ԰ԪӤ
Ҷ۾һϲлǰˡ
׷߻һת˵ġ
ʲôҶʵ
ڳﻮһ£Ҫ׷߻ش
ҶҲӦȻû⣬ǰкβǲܷԸǡ˵ţֺʵǰɷȸ֪Ǻδأ
׷߶˶٣̧ͷ죬˵зף·;ҪĴ£ǿͨ·
磿ҶѵǱ绹Ҫ߼ĵط𣿡
ûϵλ磬Ψе緽ܵõ׷˵
Ҷ𾫹⣬ڴʵǰܴһȥ𣿡
кβɣֻҪӱָʾ;֮󣬱Իһͬ硣׷˵
׷ⷬҶʱɾʮ㣬ֻҪǰһ仰ϵɽ»𺣣岻ݴǡ
׷ߵ˵ͷ˵Ǳ㽫ԪӤ˰ɡ
ǾǰˡҶϲ
ڰ׷ߵİ£Ҷ㽫ԪӤ
ǰΪҸоԼڲϵҶԪӤڲɢ׷ʵ
Ϊ̫ϡԶԶޣԲŻɢ󡣡׷߻ش
ѵû취𣿡Ҷʵ
׷߻شƣҲǳ֮ƣΨп;̤磬㡣
ǰǸϽ;ɡҶȲ
׷ҡͷ˵ǳ֮ƣһ֮
ҪʲôأҶɻʵ
׷˵;Ҫз״һӴ󷨡ЩϴĴ죬Щջ񣬶ôʱҲܿܳˡ
з״ҪβأҶʵ
׷߻شҪз׾ϵԴԴޣ޷ѰҵϵʯҲֻӵľϵˡ
ǰҵӵľϵߣҶ׷ʵ
ϵңϡϵĿǰϵҵΨϵһȱ׷˵
ǸôأҶ
ȻȱǱҲ޴󰭣Իа취׷ƽ˵
ǰҪʲôأҶЩеҪչж
׷˵ЩһӴ֯ȫȨ㡣Ҫǽ󣬶ȡϵ
ǣҶӦ
׷ȡһɫƣҶ˵ƽƣָǰ󣬵ȶȡ˷ϵٻ˵ұɡ
ǣиˡ˵ţҶ㹧¡
Ƶָ֮£ܿҵ󣬻˼µʱӹ󣬽չж
һҹʮ쾳ǿͻϮʹ˸
ǣҶʧǣǶľһ߷ϵŮ
Ϊˣսսȥ˹ʵأǰ׷ߡ
ǰ½Ů߱ϵҶʵ
ػδܷϵаɡ׷ƽ˵
ڿô죬ѾɱˡҶ˵
Ҹһ飬ţȥȡϵɡ׷߷Ը
ļҶȺȡ˽ϵϵϵˮϵĴ£
գҶٴҵ˰׷ߡ
Ҫȥҵһӵʯңȡǿʯ׷Ը
ǣȥ졣Ҷ˵űתҪߣȴֱ׷߽£š
ҶͷʵǰкηԸ
ص㲢Ƕȡʯϵ׷˵
أҶʵ
峤ڶһ׻Ҫһʵĺ취ﴫȥܽʺԯҽɵʡ׷߷Ը
ǣҶӦ
ȥ㿪ʼִ£ƶһܵļƻ
ڴڼ䣬Ƿ֮¡
ж֮ǰѾԸִɱ֣ǸСкϣȴӵĳ̱Ūɳ׾
Ск˸ʴ裬Ⲣʲô⣬ҶСкʺһɱء
ǣҶ޷̯˴£ҵǣεķչ
Скõ׻꣬Ҷ޷£Ҷ˳㽫һӵˮϵѾͷҶ޷ΪѾͷȽ⡣
ºҶǰ׷ߵķԸ֧չ˹ƣҪĿЩ龧쾳ǿߡ
һжڽܹĵĳﻮţ֮ԭũؾ
Ҷհ׷ߵķԸ˽ũؾӡȳꡣ
ű긨ϵ
ٵȺؾ֮ʱҶڰ׷ߵķԸ£ǲ긨Ҷ飬ǰؾúŮ
з״˵ϵԴԽǿ󣬴ĳɹҲԽߡ
ϵͬʱнҲܵʴǿʵܿƿ硣
ڽ龧϶һЩռΪз״ṩ
¾㱸ֻǷ磬һе׼Ѿ͵Ŵ


819 ս
ҶĽҶһ˵Ҷн컹øм㣬㵱ѡңҪȻҽѳΪһѰ׹ˡ
㵱Ȼøмңһʵжм͹ԹԳΪз״ӣҵ֮·ɡҶЦ
ȷʵҪʵжм㣬֮·̤֮šҶ˵
Ǿ͵ÿûⱾˡҶԵúš
ʱԪͻȻʵλԳ׵ǿߣĪһλ괩һ۵İ׷ߣ
ŶԭҲλǰҶԲ졣
ԪҶϾһ˿Ц
뵱꣬ҲôһͷδԳףܵҶȺҪҶ
ͷûȻ˽Ӵ࣬ȴǲָٰǣһߵ졣
֮ҲͷָҶҵһϢ½磬֮ڸ
ǰԪҵҶ죬Ҳͬͷָ
һֱ˶ͷΪ־ͬϵĻ飬ֱ죬ҶⷬǲŻȻףԼǶԷӡ
ȻЩָǰǸͷҶеǰˣĻôֻ࣬һĿģǱǿз״
ʱ겻֪ӺδQҶԡ
׻꣬ˣϽɡ׻µ
׻ҶݳҶͷϿգֽ꣬һսˡ
ȴЦˣ˵ǺֿܿԺģӦǵĵڶκ
ߣΪͬ𣿡׻ߵ
ѵͲǰ磿ѵԶϡĹط𣿡ʵ
׻겢δƻ侲˵Ȳ˵з״Ƿܿ;ܿƾڵûп̤;𣿡
ҿηССĿռĪСڴ̫ãøһųˣ꼥Ц
׻국Ȼ˵ųܱ޴ҪǿȥѰ·
ڿɱѻ˵ôܿͻվġг˵ƺѾ϶׻ͬ
Ȼ֪ƾʲô϶Ȱģǰ磬ҲмͬС׻ᶨ
Цһɱ߱ϲطˡ
ͬΪıϴࡣ׻ֱס˻ͷ
ȴǼŵȻţܿͻ뱾ֵġֹŹֵЦ⣬ƺʲôıһ㡣
ʱþһսˡҶӺڲȡƽѾȥ
ԭΪܹʮ˳Ŀз״󣬵û뵽㾹ȻԪӤڿ֮ǰⲻһսˡҶԵüΪƽԼʵƺġ
Ȼз״ٲϵԴȰ㻹ǾͷɣҲ㿪ġҶޱȡ
ҶһЦ˵ܹԹϣȻǽԴϲǲϵĻȻҲİ취֮ܶķʮѪĴǾȻġ
ҶĿһȫ׼ˡ
ֻһΣûʮİգһҶг˵
ҶһȵҵҪǵƾʲôôš
Աϣֱӽƽеİħͷų
໡һ£ħڿն
ٻħҶҶ˳ȥ
սһϵ˫ʿҲ֮սħ˷ܵóо֮Уɨ
׻ҲǻһâϮȥƺǲ˷׻꽻ս˼׻ĹҲֻһζö
ΪⲨ·ĴҶûҺҶڽ֣ſдȥҶ׷ϡ
Ҷһֱ׸ߴͣ¡
Էͣ£Ҷ̽Ϸһץ֮ͽȻ𡰺¡һһ׵ƾ£У׽׾ԪӤʽס
׽һ֣ҶɵҶȥ
Ҷ治ɫ̧֣֮кӿ֣תۼγһʮ׹ĺɫ޶ܡ
׽ܿײھ޶ϡ
¡
ɲǣײĿռʱһƬڵѷռ䣬âͺ˷ɢī֭һ㣬ڿһڵѷ졣
ҶҶ׷ˡ
һ䣬ҶʩչײҶһ
̶Ƭ֮䣬˱ڿнսʮغϣһССѷ졣
һ칥˶ͣЪڿоš
ϵҲҶаЦ
ҲǿȥҶ쵭Ȼش
ֻǼвУδʹȫҶ˵
ΪβʹȫҶʵ
ҶЦЦ˵һҵʹȫĻԱסˡ
Ҷһߣǵ⣬ֻҪҿ㻹ôȥ硣
ôĻʹȫ˰ɣ룬꼰·Щ˰ɣҶѽҶ쿴Ȼ֪ԪӤǿߵԶԶ̶ֹȡ
ȻҶд˹˼ɣǲ绻طȫһսɡҶ
ǾٷɸߵɡҶ˵ű㻯һźŸߴɳȥ
Ҷ컯׵磬׷ϡ
·ǿ֮ڴòɿΪ󲿷ֳԱΪ˴Ʒս˲ࡣ
Ԫ֮ǰ߸ԪתƵҶϣѾûսֻվһԣЩ˽˵̡ЩƺѾϴԣΪҶĿܣȫûԪĻֻ֪ս
ʵҶ˵Щ˵Ѿ޹ؽҪ׼ɣЩҲûκüֵˡ
ҶҶһֱ׸߿շͣ¡
ҿѾˡҶ˵
ҶȻǾڴ˾һսɣ֮
ֻ׵˷ƾմܳһԵҶ۶ȥ
¡¡֮쳹أƬ֮䣬Ҷһ׸ߴ׵âϲͣš
еӣҾɣħɷ壡ҶһʱϿӿͬ۳һ׸ߵɷ塣
ûκϵĽ˫ԼͬŶԷ˳ȥ
䣡
ȭײɲǣΪ֮ɫ
һʮ׿Ŀռѷײϱѿڿǧס
һ˲䣬ռƺ֮µĵҲҲţȻ֮ơ
˷׷ͷȥֻܿһһ㣬ϱε߳ߣһī֭ĺɫӡ


820 
ء
Ҷֺ֮Ҷħɷһ˼ȭжʱѿѷ죬Щѷ콻֯һһ
һƴ˫ֹͣսΪǶʶսû˿塣
ȥ»ûҷֳʤƬվҪˡҶ˵
ôǵ·Ĵ󱻻٣ǰ𣿡ҶЦ
ҶȻҪǴ󱻻٣ЩҲ⣬˵лвðɣ
ҶɫһʵҲǿǵ㣬Բûʹȫ
Ҷ˵ʵòŲĴ󣬴ķɲô״ݻٵģ˵ǾôԶˡ
ȻˣǾ̼İɡ˵ţҶѸٽЩ׵羡ջأȵ׾죡
£Ҷһֳ׵磬׵ȻںϵȻͨ׵ܱġ
¡
׵Ҷȥ֮һڵĺۼ
ӭϮ׵磬ҶħɷСɽ޴ĺɫȭͷӭȥ
أ
£ħɷȭͷ÷飬ƺĴɢҶ׵ҲɢһСߣߺͺ֮ͬѷ졣
һ䣬Ҷֽŷڶһԣڶƺˡ
һƵ¡¡£׵ħɷȭͷٴײ
䣡
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ƽΡĴΡһδײϣ¡¡һ쳹ͣơ
ȻҶٶѾ쵽ޣιᱻҶֵϾҶƿԪӤʮ꣬ȻҪҶ
ʶԼȱݣҶûνĹ⣬ֳΡ
ôҲʶԼҵĶ˰ɣҶЦ
ߣڵδ̫˵㣡Ҷһ̧˫־ǰʮָɿţȻʩչָ
ҶδûҶ֣ԭأƽҶľֹ
Ƭ֮Ҷָ׼ɡ
󣡡ƣͷϷȥ
ֻһƴСâͼڣļ
ͼ˲ͷϿʮ׸ߴҼչգ֮չ׹㣬Ҷ¡
ͼҪСʹͼڸ࣬½ṹɲ䡣һdͼҫ۵ĽâΧһССĹȦЩȦŲͬתţת⻪䣬ׯޱȡ
ͼڳ͵ɲǣҶоԼԪٳգϽһԪԪԹͼ
ͼںܿͼǸȦϣٲһкһĻ⣬һֱ棬Ƭ׸߿¡
ͦ򵥵ġҶʮ͵ĵ˵ͷû˿ţȻʮš
ѣԹɣҶȵ
ӣǺǣͽ˵ЦˣȻҲضʮֺķɣԼܸڴľ֮ǰһɱ𣿡ҶΪȻЦ
أҶȻԱӰѴԭʧ
ҶӦҶѳâŵȭͷȻҶϮȥ
أ
ҶħɷϵĺȻһЩɢܿ췴ӦѸתȭϮȥ
Ȼת֮ҶȴѶǰһȭ塣
䣡
ҶϵɢһգǾħɷҲ߽֮⡣
Ȼ·磬ҶԵʮƽѹдţԭǲ򡣡
֪ͺáҶҶΣȭϮȥ
ҶһܣǰȻմܳȴֱصԭء
أ
Ҷȭͷķܣ͵һ
Ȼ֪Ҳ֪ûκģԹɡҶ˵
ߣΪ᲼𣿡ҶмһЦȣڤ򣡡
ֻϼӿ˷ɢһССͷ˲˷Բ׷Χ
ƬռһƬǺ֮˷
ʱҶٴζҶ󣬻ȭϮȥȻҶӰȴ˲ʧһ̱ҶҶ롣
˶˫Ľ׽Բأһʱ֮ҲԷֳʤ
·սͣЪڵ𱻾𣬶׻Ҳֹͣս˶գʤҶҶ֮
׷ãԼκβ˶ԷҶ϶ݳڤ򣬽Ͼʵ̫ķѾԪ߸ԪҲ֧̫á
ҶҲڤ𣬲ĴЦ㻹ʲôֶξܶʹɡ
Ҷ˵뾵ȡֱע봿
뾵ٴοʼ˷ĹߣΧ
ǲҶ澵Ӳ򵥣Ҷ˼֣Ѹ˿ף̧˫ǰӡǡʮָķɿ趯Ũܵĺָ
ûãԲǧڵĹѱ뾵մ뾵Ŵ۵ĹâЩâɢδܽΧƬڰĿռ
ӵϿȥֻܿгһޱȾ޴ĺڶɢżѹֵϢ
֮ǸڶĴһ⣬ԼٶŶҶȥΪںڰеԵʣԵʮִۣ˲Ƭڶ
ڹϮ֮ʣҶָҲֹͣ趯˫̶ֱָָͬȵһֵǰָȥ
Թָ
һâָָ⼤ӭǰǵâܿ죬һһâڰײ
أ
һڵĿռѶײ㴦ɢ죬ޱȺˣ·ҪƬûһ㡣
ҶҶ׷ܡ
Ѷɢǧ֮㷽ͣըĳȴǲ֮µĵ棬ǿ߷׷ʩչֵ
粨ȥƬ˲䰲һļž
ʹҲɱҵġҶȻ˵
ٵˣ㲻Ҳһɱ𣿡ҶȻ˵
ҶЦһ˵ֻǻûʹǿʽѣȻˡȻҲ֪ÿø۰ɣ
֪ĻͦȻҶϿʮ侲ʵǭ¿ڸԪӤãûüκϵȻ޷ӳϵԪӤ
ʱˣٸһλᣬҪǻ봹ĻҲֻŻˡҲ޷ıˣҲɱ㼸ΡҶŶħЦ⡣


821 
ҾʶʶԪӤǿߵʵħɷ󣡡Ҷһӿ
Щܿ˷ӿת˲֮˷Բǧ׷Χ
ҶܹĲڿеɷ֮ѹֵϢЩ
Ŵͣ󰧺˷Ҷܿ췢ҶӰѴԭʧ뵽ħɷ֮С
Ҷɢʱ̹۲Χķ紵ݶ
ûñͻȻҷЩܿ۳һ޴ħ
໣
ħһȭҶ󱳻ȥ
ҶѸǰˣɽǣŨ£ٶܵصӰ죬ûܳɹܿħһȭ
أ
ԪܵħȭһҶǰס
ȻסƣΧٴηһħ۳͡
䣡
ҶԪٴܻâѾ֧Ų˶ˡ
׺ҶѸ뾵ע봿ͼð뾵ƿԷħɷ
źǣЩ£뾵κιߡ
ʱҶЦ˷𣬡׷Ļˣħɷ󲻵ӵǿܸνķˣԹɡ
㣡Ҷҧŭ
ߣͷӲһжֻ⣬ν˳߲αִءҶȻȰ
⣬Ϊ˶ʤ졣ҶȻ˵
ⷬҶǸͷ˵İɣɲҪЩŤ˼ƭˣΥ³ֻȡҶȰ
ƾʲô϶һоأҶʵ
ΪЩµλǰףһȻ˳Ӧ⡣Ҷֱ׳˵
ףǿЦȻֻƵҲţѾҩɾˡҶ쳰
޴㣡ɣҶŭһһħҶǰֱȭҶϮȥ
䣡
ҶϵԪܺȻ񱩵ĳΧҷ
һǡ죬ֻһֳĿռѷħΪģ˷ӿ
ѷ첻ͣԶ켣죬µĵ濴ȥۿɼƬնѷ죬мѷӿ죬أֱص
ڱⱯ׳ĩսһ㡣
ƬѾ֧Ų˶ˡҶмǡ
ҶȴЦҽҪڴͬھˡѪ˲ӡ
ͬھߣǿЦΪûİǾͿ𣿱ˣĺô׻ءҶЦ˵
ֻҪҶ컹һڣóѡҶᶨ
ҶһЦѵ񻹺һ㣬ҿɲڹսֹңҲֹλǰ
Ҷüͷ壬ҲΪǵģȻֻƵ£ҶλǰʵȻɲԼܶԸˡ
˵ܲٲܲٵλǰƺѾˡҶԶ˷ܵ˵
Ҷ˳ҶĿ⿴ȥֻԶһ߳â߼
ϵҶüͷһ壬֪ΪΣв
ǵâתۼѶϿղֳӰ
һͷ׷Ű۵ߡ
ҶԪȻһϳЩһֱָǵǸͷ
ȻΪ𾪵Ĳˣ׻꣬۾ĶſǸϤӰ
׻꣬ҵĻ˰ɣٴκˡ˷ܵĴЦ
ˣ𣿡׻˷ܣ𾪣ôҲû뵽;˾Ȼš
Ȼ׻ǰˣʥ׻꣬ǳЦʺ׻ܾ꣬òˡ
ˣ㾹Ȼţ׻꼤Ļ׵ʥǰ´
Ǻǣ걻ռʱȷʵЩҵǱһռѷУǾͱʥ͵
Ȼһ磬ΪβҺСأ׻겻ʵ
չʱΪشжЩ㣬һֱæѰǰİ취Բûᡣ֮żֿ̤֮·ˣ׻꣬һ߰ɡʥ˵
ҶҲʼĩԭ׻ǰʥĻʹ
𣬵ұٵԼԪԼ̱½磬һеһжʥڱš˵綼ֻһ̣˶ֻӣΪ˴ﵽԼĿģΪ˿֮·ֶΣϧ޹
Ϊףĳˡ
޾ķŭҶ׻ԣ׻Ȱ˵׻꣬ģֻ㣡ڵѾǰǸˣһʮħͷ
ʥҶ쿴ȥĿߣ̧һӻһâ
¡
âգ֮Ҷš
أ
Ҷؿڱһ޴Ŀӿ׹䡣
죡
·󾪺
׻۾Ŵӿ׹Ҷʬ壬ǰʥȥԭȵǹ˷ܺͼ˲䰵˼֡
׻꣬ԥˣֻһΣǴʧλᣬ㽫Զˡʥ׻Ȱ
׻㶵ҡҡͷȻ˵㲻ˣ˿ɲ
׻꣬òŻɣҾʥڵһжΪǵǰ;ǡɴ߲СڣֻҪ̤磬Ǳ㽫ֺαںǰЩССأʥȰ
ҶڵأͼէţܴܿȬַ׻ϣðȰ׻꣬ҪĻϵˡһֱߣֻΪϵ壬ֻǽ㵱һá
ʥȻŭٴλһâҶУȻ׻͵ûСȷʵΪϵ壬ôΪ㡣׻꣬ҲϵһκҪϡҲֻҺ˽ԸҲϵһԼӣΪ˱鷢Ҳһֱû硣
Ҷٴζ׻ԣݺݵʥȻʵʲô˼أѾӣǲζ㽫׻Ϊأʾ֭˵ЩûʵĻΪԼɣ
ʥԶԣֻ߳ŭغȵСӣ㵱Ϊɱ𣿡
ֺξ壬ֻҪмֵҶҲͲˡҶȻ˵
Ѿ׼ˡʥɱȻ
Ȼ֣׻ͻȻʵСأӦѾҵС˰ɣ
ʥشȻҲ֪СѾһʯͷֻ̤Сѵ㲻뿴СѵǧѣȲǰС𣿡
׻Ĭ


822 
ҶûȰ˵ʥҲ˶׻꣬ȴѡ
֮׻ƺ¶˾ģԭԥʱü㡣
ˣȻҲСһ̤磬·һɽ磬ǲӦΪһ֮˽׻Ȱ
ʥϵʱ裬׻꣬ӦòԸһֱ㲻ǶЩΪǺʱЩ֮ģ
ϵҲȰ׻꣬ǿϵСʺǡΨһҪľǿ·̤;αȥЩϵء
к֮£ҲѡȨˣⷬǵշʱ˵ģҲһֱģû뵽ǣҾ˵𡣡׻Ц
ʥȻ˵ǰ֪ԲŻֿЦĹ񣬾һ٣ҷ塣ﾺΨǿ߲ȨƿԭӦṋ̃
ֻ֪ڵ㣬٣ųˣеҪ̤磬޷ǾΪ׷Ψ߲Ż׻ԴǰʥѾǰǸˣǸ߳ǿߡ
ʥϸ֮ɫ׻ⷬеޱȵķŭΪ˿;̤磬Ļô꣬ǹһĨЦ⣬׻꣬Ϊû޷ǿˣĺû֮УĿǰֻǿʯͷıôҲɾӣֻҪʩҪ⡣
ⷬ׻¶ʧͱ֮ɫˣѾûʸҺСˣڵ㣬ֻǸ˽Ķħѡ
ʥûзŭǹЦֻҪܹ̤õħֺη
ߣǲóѵģСʯ׻˵Աϣâֱ·Ĵȥ
¡
׻껯âϮϿհ׸ߴƾճֳһ͸ֽ֣ʵʵš
âײڹϣֻֽ΢΢һ׻Ĵ󲿷ջ⡣
׻겢δ٣ܿƣٶȳ֡
ƣʥһӣֱֳȥ
û˹ֵ谭׻˳֮УһֻȳСҲû̫࣬һĴǸʯȥû˷ֵĸţѾܹòСϢ
׻ܿ嵽Ǹʯϣһ۱㿴СǶʯʯ档
Сˡ׻껯ΣҪСץȥȻ;ȴһֵ
ʱʥ˵꣬׼󣡡
㶣ԥǣ׻С
ҪУȻƾʣ֧󡣡ʥ˵
˵Ļ׻ȥˡֵ
ʥƳȥ꣬׻ĹϵʲôʱôˣȻ
û˵ʲô
ʥ̧Ǹʯдһâʱ֮䣬ʯǱһ㣬һ
Ҷɵʥ˳ȥ
ʥһ߲ٿŴһڳһֻҶһâֱӽС
Ҷӿ׹䣬Ȼգٶʥȥ
ʲôȥⰭµСӽˡʥҶԸ
ǣҶӦһӭҶ졣
ҶΪӰ죬ѾԶԿҶ
أ
Ҷһȭ㽫ҶС
Ҷ֪ڵԼѾҶĶ֣Ȼûз֮ҪҶȥȻҲνķΪ˵Խ࣬ϵԽΪţʱԼϵӦþҶˡ
ԶЩڽǿҪȥȴԪҶ£Ԫǽ飬Ƿƽ
ҶǷɶ˻һ㣬һһ޷˵ĳ
ߣҵҪ㵽׻жҶģһһΣִ˲˵Ҷ췢𹥻
һζνҶѸ̳š
Ҳ֪˶ٴεҶȫڳ׻
˿̣һ׵׵ķˣѾûоܹҲζţĻ޷
Ѿ쳣ǿ󣬶Ҷ˵һսעһһ
ҶȭϮɲǣҶһԵӿ壬Ű
ҶȭͷغЩ۶ɵİɫϡ
أ
ػ֮ǵδܻЩ󵯷ɡ
໣
ħԺ֮𣬺ҷ֮۳һ԰ɫľ޴
źɢȥҶӰҲֳ˿ѾΪѪ̬ǶԼɭ֮ɫ˫ȺŨϢ
Ҷɱڵ񣬿еҶĪһ˿⣬۶ԷʵΣ֮ʵ̫ˡ
ҶعҶ챳ǶȻȶһȷ磬ҵļһ㣬ſеҶȥ
أ
һȭغҶϣҶʱзˡ
һ£Ҷû˿ͣ̽ǰһץһɫƾ֣ͬʱҶ˳ȥ
ҶܿڿеƣԷƺѻصԭȵĳ̶ȣûڽսѸҶ߿շȥ
ٶȻص׸߿ա
Ҷֱ۳ħɷ壬ҶȶֱҶϮȥ
Ҷʹħȭӭ
ҶӰһıܿħľȭĿǰѪ״̬ٶ˼ޡ
ܿҶȭͷҶȻħǰ߾Ϻ汩ǣ֮չʮף͵ħ¡
ۣ
ӲĽħ룬Ҷı嵱ͷ¡
ƲҶħܿĹ
ʶ˶ԷٶȣҶԥĽڤʩչΨнڤٶռϷ硣
ҶϿӿ˷ɢһССͷ˲˷Բ׷Χ
Ǻ֮ɲǣҶӰһΣ뵽˴֮С
ҶԷôĿģڴ͵ɲǣѸʹԪ뵽֮С
һ룬ҶӰҶ챳측֣ȭҶ췢ͻϮ֮ʣҶȻŤһߣҶҧȥ
ҶʧɫæȭӶݡ
ʶҶֶΣҶܸɴķԭȵͻϮƻҶʮԶֳΡ


823 
з״ʮ˳ϣһһֵ׹û޾֮С
׻껯âڹҴܣҲ޷ϵţâޱȡ
Χϵϵϵϵһӣϵǳ̱Ϸֱڡסɫ
ǽľˮˮϵŵҶ顣
⿿ĵϵΪؼĲ֣ΧйֻΪṩڽصЩռΪ;ṩ
900޾֮нһӴͼڣͼϸɫתɢׯµϢһԶŵԶ˲֮
ڱ궯ĩռٵס
߿УҶҶףڿն
һЩ͹ʵˣηҲֻǴѡҶȻ˵
Ҷ˵ֱٵҶ
Ϯ֮ʣҶӰһʮ׿⡣
Ӧúڤ֮ɱҵġҶ
Ҷû˦ҶϮȥ
ҶܿգΪΣԶҶȥ
ٻٶķҲ޼¡ҶһɶҶһ߳Ц
Ȼ֪֮УԼٶȸռݲ˿ƣҶȻͣҶ𹥻
ûãǸͼڵԽԽǿһ޵׺ڶһ㣬ܵ
˳УҶ˷֮ɫ
;ϾҪˣҾͲˣ·ɡ˵ţҶ˫֣ʮָӡȻ׼ʩչԹָ
ƣҶҶҪֹУҶɶ
ι޹Ҷɴͷջʹ۳ţγɷ
Ҷ֮ʱҶʽҲ׼ϡ
ԹָҶһһâָ⼤ŶҶϮȥ
âܿײҶϡ
ᣡ
һ£Ҷϵ䣬վǽԷһȫȫĵ
Ҷ컹ûüҶȻ
ɣ
ҶһһȭغҶ챳ġ
ۣ
ҶһѪǰ˳ȥûɳףҶȴֶǰһȭϮؿڡ
أ
Ҷʯһ׸߿׹䣬غڵϣҳһʮľ޿ӡ
Ҷײ֮бɢЩֻܿص֮ڡ
ɾȫջأҶҲ򲻿ش׻
Ҷϣûٷã֪ԼѾòˡ
ڽ˷׷Χ˾޿ӱأſӵǾѪģʬ壬˵鶼쳣ĳء
ССǽкų¿ӶҶʬǰɥ
Ԫǰٶ𣿡ؽڴԪʵ
Ԫ̾һ۾ҡҡͷһȫҲͲڣĻǾͳսˡ˵ţ̧һУ֮ǰҶ߾Ԫٻء
ԪĻ˶Ĭ˵ҶͬҲζսᡣ
ѵһ𣿡Ҷ̧ͷſǸƺ˵ͼڣﾡǱݡ
ҶԪ֮С
֪ܿɢʱԪ޴Ҳֻûɢ³
һоô
ҶͻȻظĸоЩ꣬һֱΪ˸Ĵʵ̫ˣ˵Ҳֽѡ
۾о˷·ƮƲ֮һ㣬ָоޱ⡣
Ȼʱһڶ
ô𣿡
ҶȻ۾ȻǸɵаǰ
ǵǸѾˡҶش
Ԫǻδ𣿡а˵
ҶȻһЦѻ٣ƾһԪкΪ
аһֻΪԼųҵĽڶѡ
ҶŭңҸôѵƴƴһ̵İϢȨ𣿡
ֻӱܡа˵
ӱҲգųҲգһжѾ޹أҶѾˣֻ뾲һݰҶ쵭Ȼ˵
ѡѵģаʵ
ҶЦһΪڻѡȨ𣿡
־ǿ־ֻܱңѡȫһ֮䡣аɫ˵
ҶĬϣԼѾ׷ͷΪѾû˿ϣԡ
ѵһлת𣿡Ҷ˵
һ̣ԭѾнһ˿ͷ
뵽ЩϣԼϵǣ뵽ڼȴԼȥǣ뵽ԼӪȵ׻꣬˿ͷһ㲪Ȼ̳
ҪβܻȥҶ첻ͣԼӷɿת
Ƭ֮ĿЩ֮ϣڻԾе˼άչ˷ɢԵ˼ܿЩ뵽ˣõЩʱǶΪ̵ľġ
۶ʣӣ࣬𣬲ùʣʣ۶ʣ޹Ұ޹ҰʣпֲԶߵ룬֪۶࣬Ǵ󾳽硢ȱǻۣߣ
ḷ̌̾ǰЩĵʲôϵ
Ҷ۾˼֮עٴμǰЩ֮ϡ
ЩԼѴô꣬ԼȴûϸӹЩģδЩĵݡ
λĹЩľԲΪЩļȻܶͼãǱȻ̾Žܵϵ
뵽ЩҶаľʹзǰгУȻϸо
ƾ۾ЩķģŰľУҶ콥ԼƺЩĵĺ塣ȻЩȲǶΰ̾ĵ⡣
֮޾֮޾Ϊ޾֮޾֮Ϊ޾֮޾֮Ϊ֮㣬ֺϣ
ԭǴ̾߾磬̾ҶȻ
۾ϸϸа壬֪ǰЩľڻΪһƽЩľ֮С֮ЩľܵĿһ㣬ٸա
ͬʱҲǾԪӤֺһ壬̳̫״


824 
Сڣ쿴˵񷢽ˡСɴ۾
СĨĨᣬȥȻҶʬŵĽâأѵ˹Բɷˣ
Ϲ˵ʲôأҿһ˲С²
ʲôҿϹİɣСɵ
ŲأĹС
ҲûС˵
ʱӰҲܿ˷Ҷϵ״쿴ҶСѵ巢ˡ
ԪҶȻǵһʱ
ѵ⺢ӻûҶΡ
Ԫһ֮ɫҶСѵȫѾ˵Ӧòˡ
ֳ󣬶ϵҲѸϣȻסҶ˵
ĪǡԪһ֮ɫ
ĪʲôҶԪʵ
ĪҶС˴̾ĵأ̾Ԫ²
̾ѵܾܲˣҶɻʵ
Ԫҡҡͷ˵Ҳ̫Ϊû˴ﵽ磬˵ܹ̾޳ҲҶСЩľѾɱ䡣
ĻǾ̫ˡҶЩ
̶Ƭ֮䣬ҶϵѾϣЩľҲ¸ա
Ӹ߿ҶҶϵ״ʱֻһâſӵµҶϮȥ
ۿҪâУҶ˫ۻȻâҫ
ӭϮĺâ̧һУǽâ塣ĿһתȻ˿еҶϡ
ȻҶ˿̵ĿⲢ֮ǰǰ͸ϢҶĵȻһ˿־壬֪ԼΪλָоֱǰַǳĿ¡
Ҷ建ӿգȻܳһڰ׹ӰէȻһźɫİɫСˡ
СֻоƿһСǱȴ׶೤ͷؽӡ
ĪҶСԪӤսԪԵЩ졣
ΪǣҶ첢δԪӤȥԸҶԪӤһݳŴϷʥȥ
ߣûԪӤǻкΪҶһ۳һǹֱҶĴȥ
ҶһڿУҶĹȫ޶ãһĻɰѵ˿ļѡ
ֱǹ壬ҲûκζҶһ˿ЦѸǹע
䣡
һҶը÷顣
㻹θҡҶĻȻֹΪҶǱըȻָֹ̬ܿ
Ҷüͷ壬˵ٴξǹҶȥ
ҶͬûκζҶĳǹ塣
䣡
ٴαը飬Ƭ֮
ҾͲɱ㣡ҶһҶ췢𹥻
ǣιҶ춼ָܻ
һߣҶԪӤ;굲
СӣȰ㻹Ǳ׷ˣʵʵĵȴɣû׼л̤;Ȱ˵
͸ϽԪӤȻȵ
ƾֻҲɱԲĵ
ԪӤûзϻȥ
겢δɶԷǰӵ¡
ϢĴǰڿһ㡣
֮۶ɣκԱ˿ЧġȻ˵
һպԪӤδˣֻӰһΣԭ׵ȻɺɫǱ˰ɫ
ʧɫۿŶԷǰɫͷæ󷽱ˣȻվûȫܿĹ
׵ϻһ߳ĿӣϵĴ˿ϣþòɢܵЩӰ죬˿û취ϣкɫϢ˿ڴڵڲʧ
ȻҪҶĴһΣĿǰʵ״̬ԶԶûдﵽԪӤ磬ŻᱻԷĴˡ
Сӣ㻹е޷޵˵
ҿԽԽˣͷԼĻ鶼ܿӺѵ㻹һ̤;𣿡ԪӤֳĿ˵
Էôһ㣬ͺͻȻһ㣬Ȼ
֮ǰһֱʥΪʥһԾŶĴŻ
ֱղţʥ׻ʱʥѾ˶ҡۿŴ󼴽Ҳûжǣ£Ҷôһѣǳˡ
ԷӣҶҲûٴֱƹʥȥ
ʥͷҲŢִ̌һâҶԪӤȥ
ԪӤâ
䡭
ʱҶıѾ֪ٻأҶȴǷ˷Ƶģһһ鲻ͣĹš
֮ƺƣˣƺǷˣֹͣ˹Ŵ𾪵ؿǰҶ죬ﲻţܣⲻܡ
ôˣϢᣬɡҶЦ˵ԱϣӰһ˲Ҷǰ̧ҽžһ㣬͵Ҷȥ
أ
ҶҲһ㱻߷ɣŸ߿ռ˶ȥ
Ҷ׷ϣһ·ߣܿ㽫׸߿ա
ٴγҶǰҶȭȭϽâţһͼ֣Ѿͷˣͽľһ̰ɣ
£ȭ͵Ҷȥ
䣡
ȭͷϵͼںݺײҶϡ
ԭҶԼķӦԵһǽǣԷǽɫͼھȻķܣֱ͸룬ײؿϡ
ͼĴҶؿϣ壬ƲδʵԵ˺Ǿ˲䣬ҶĲԼԷȻͼڲģһ깥
㻹ʲô𣿡Ҷ쵭Ȼʵ
Ҷڲ촽ҲڷҪҪɱңҲָֻʹģʦķϣһɡధ˵궼Ǻܴģټǿ־ҲתΪ־塣
ѵкʦԪǰԪӤЩҲָʹ𣿡Ҷʵ
ǣһʱϣѾ֪ˣһɡҶ
ǰǸųˣһֱô캦֮£޷ǾΪѰ񣬳δѰãȴȽ٣ܸģܲ
ҶҶ첢δĴ̿Υɻ㣬ЩԩָΰϢָ˭᣿ԣ˵ΨһĹޣ
Ҷһ˿ҲҪ汳һҶȥ
Ҷ쾲ԭأһ
ҶһϢȥ׸߿׹䡣


825 
¡¡£Ƭѣ缴߽⡣
Ҷʬ׹ڵأˤ÷飬ǾߺںԪӤ֮дܳԪ˳סֱ
ԪӤѱҶԪֵúķһ
ҶɱҶڽʿǷ׷׻ȸԾһ޷ıĽ֣Ƕ˵ܹ׷ҲǼ֮¡
ɱҶҶѸٶݻص档
ԪӤʥ·ĴشЩһԵעǸӴͼ֮С
ͼھһһ㣬״תţ忴ǵڿе硣
ע룬ԽԽ߳һֱȥ·ͨı˰
ҪֹУΣСΧ֮ڡ
Ҷûʥ˫־ǰʮָʩչָ
ָܿ׼ϣ̧Ŵָȥָâš
âײڴϷķϣָͼ˳ƶϡ
ͼڻзֺѸϷչӿܿ鲼
ᣡ
£־粣һ顣
ֺҶŴĳȥҪ콫ݻ١
ܿ嵽ǰȻȭȥ֮ʱʥͻȻ󺰵ǻ˴󣬾൱ɱЩӡ
ҶϮ;ȭͷȻסŻҰɣ
ʥЦ˵ڴѾ˴һ;ֹͣĻЩȻᷴɵЩϣܳܵ˰𣿡
Ȼ֪ʥ˵Ǽ٣ȷʵмֵҶûðȻԡ
£ݻٴİ취ȻвͨҶҲֻܽìͷָʥ
Ҿɱ˵ɣҶŭһʥȥ
һжǰͷͣͷҲҲҰıǲɱҵĴñ
ƾҲɱԲʥ̽һץһ߳׽С
ҶջԪӤ˫зֱһһ
ᣡ
˫չ˿ĻƴƬ̼㽫ΧĿռٵǧٿס
Ϊս𲨼˶ԷŸ߿շȥ
ײԸ߿ղÿײڿһڵѶԭ˺۵ոѩϼ˪
ƴһҶ콥·磬ѾαԷ׽˿˲ϡ
ȻѾԶԶ꣬ƾʵҪɱֱ쿪ʥȻ˵
ʵʵȫʩչнҶԪӤݻ٣ôĻ»ȴƬرѻһֱԼ˵ҪĿɲǻɱҶ죬ǿ·̤;
غҶҲʶ̶ֳȵĹԸʥһȨȻʩչɱﵡ
ֻ˫еĺڰ뵽˫֮Уȼڵҫ۵İâ
̡̫̫ۣ̫
ƽ㣬ںϣҶ˫һ̫㡣
ʥ죬ǸӣȻڻԪӤΪɱ˱𣿡˵䣬ʥ̧֣֮âţЩâܿ۳һ޴׶ܡ
׶֮ܳʣҶѾƽе̫Ƴ֮˲ײ׶ϡ
¡
춯أ·ضըһ㡣
˾˵ѾԶԶԽĳܼޣڱѣ̮ڷڡ
׶ڵĴ󲿷ȻʣһСʥϣÿѪٷˡ
ʱǸͼͻȻӿһޱȰЩúĸһ㣬֧硣
˻񣬱ȻǴ紫ģҲ˵;Ѿͨˣʥ˷ܲѣҲ˲ϵƣֱſͼгȥ
ûôףҶ켱æ׷ǰסʥȥ·
ѾûԪӤʲô赲ʥŭһ׳һ׽ϮҶ졣
ۣ
Ҷֱӱ׽ܿãûԪӤȻǴڵġ
Ҿ赲㣬бɱҡҶȻ˵
ûٶкãʥҶǰһȭؿڡ
أ
Ҷ屻֧飬ЩɢƬܿһ塣
Ͳˣʥ˵ű˦Ҷ죬ֱӳеͼС
ȻľôȥҶҲΪֻԶȥ֮ǰӵԪӤʱҲĶ֣˵ʧȥԪӤ״̬ˡ
ȻҶĻ֮ʣȴСӣţϽ׷᱾Ԫûɱ
ֻѻһâʥ׷ȥҶû˿ɣæ׷ϡ
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ƣҶϡ
ƾҲɱֱЦͽǣͬһˣʥŭţ񱩵ԴԴϵӿ֮䣬Χľһֱа׵ľ޴
ԽԽΪɫҲǽ֮ɫתɫ
һĻҶȻ뵽ףȻʥ˿ʩչ׵ʽ˾޴һըĻ·Բǧڵжҷ
˶֮ɫǶĸ̺ܵĿֲ֪һըԼؽǡ
ǰ᧿ΣҶн֣Σû취лɱʥ
ۿѾ֮ɫΣͷҶ켱ǣ뵽ƽ
ݳɣæȡƽֱȥ
ƽϢĴ֮УҶʹ֮£ƽ
ԭڵֽתΪɫƽһա
⣬ôܣʥ۾ޱȡ
ûʲôܵģԹаʤν⡣ҶȻ˵ƽȻʥš
°뱲ӾʹѽаɣգҶһʥȻ֮䱻ƽС
ⳡսڽµֻǧٿ׵硣
Ѿֹͣתͼȴǳ־òɢԴԴϵĴӿƶ硣
£صıͣЩռѷҲԼٶš
ǰӦǲˡҶϳϲá
ǰҪǸͼܹάһӣԽ硣ԪҲ˷ܣѳԪӤҲʧã˵νǴա
û뵽ȻһСӺСȷʵ˲ѹ׻Ǽһصĸ㡣ЦǺǵ˵
ǰˣοɶ㣬ҪȻµϼһˡҶ쿴˿ƽһ֮ɫ
ǵȻûб¶ûˣǵ֮ľǫ˵
ҶЦЦ·Ĵȥ


826 
ֹͣЩϵĹâҲѾɢҶǸʯϣѰ٣ȴǲ׻Ӱ
СС׻꣡
Ҷ󺰵ûκλӦ
ʱɵǰ˵ˣΪľ˻ΪԴصڡ
ҶӣǶʯϵʯȡ˳Ƭ̣ʵҪʱָܻأ
Ҳ꣬Ҳʮ١ǧ꣬ÿ˻εȳ̶ˡش
شҶЩأΪζţܿⱲӶ޷ټ׻ˡ
̾һҶ쿴꣬ʵǰ;Ѿ㻹ǰ𣿡
ȻѵãȻðһԡش
ҶԥƬ̣ʯݸ꣬˵Ǿ鷳׻ɡ
Ҵǰ磿ʵ
Ҷ쵭һЦõĹްɡ
Ǻðɡֽʯ
ʱԪҶԾ
ʦ棬ԪǰҶ˴к
ҶСѣѳҲһпɶĹͰԪЦ޵
ǰԯҽĴˣĪҫҶο
ҶЦЦ˵һжǴҵĹͣûԪǰڵĴ̾ͳΪһѰ׹ǡ
϶ǺЦ
ʱԪʵιͷҪҪɱأ
Ԫҡҡͷ˵ô£ϷѿˣȻʿʥأ·վǹ¶ġϷѾһˣɲ¶ϣԻǾÿ壬㣬Ϊ⡣
ȻˣǱһˡ˵ű㻯һſǸͼгȥ
ҶĿԶȥ׻ЩᣬΨһģҲֻΪףԸܹ˳ִ硣
ֱӰʧУҶ췽ջĿ⡣
ţҶǸʯϣҶڻ״̬
Ҷץ˰ȷ޴󰭺ŷ
ûãҶ
ʦ֡Ҷ죬Ҷһϲá
ʦãָˣ̫ˡҶҲǼѡ
ʦ֣ңҲǱͷɱ𣿡Ҷɻʵ
Ҷ㶣ѾͷƺѾʧڼ£˵ҲδǼ£ҶЦЦ˵ǰʦְȻˡ
֮ǰ˵Ļ㲻أҶʵ
ʲôأҶһʱû
㲻ǴӦҪ˼ҽҶ˵
ҶǺһЦͷţʦʲôӦ㡣
Ҿ֪ʦˡҶ˽Ҷ컳

Ǹϲӣ¥ʺϲ֣˺
ϲ£Ҷ촩װƤЬվڴԣǰװڴﻹһػ
棬վһɴŮˣò绨ɷˡ
һ͵Ļ
ΰһȸϵ
찡һȢôƯţĽˡΰЦŵ٩
򣬳ŻᣬҲϽȢ¡ҶЦ
ΰŤͷЦ˵ţ㿴춼ô˵ˣҪۻؼ
ƤЦⲻЦ˵ؼǵˡ˵ŤͷԵʵ㣬һ°ǰɣ
ǵķˡЦŻش
ΰæ˵磬˵ɶأҵ˼ǣզؼǲǸö㺢ӣŲ࣬⺢ӿɲ
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ΰĹһЦ滹кöأţǸϽȥλðɡ
ţӦһ˱Ҫȥ
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ѾͷϽݵҶ˾ˣף;ĸӡ
ѾͷԽԽˣҲԽԽƯˣþ˾һҶ֣ͷһʹ
Ͻ߽˴
Զһֽ
찡б°ŶҶŮˡԶЦ޵
磬ףɩǰͷϡף
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һһòΪ˽ʡɣҶ컳ɵ
Զҡͷ̾Ϣͷⲻڴúܣʡʡ¡̣ϽϺҲȥλðɡ
Ҷ캹յһˡ
磬ףɩ»ָ֣˴󺰵
Ҷ콫һȺɨһۣɵǴôһһòҲΪʡɣ
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磬СС⣬ɾ⡣ϻһЦĽݸҶ졣
ҶӹﾹǳģҲͦʵӣһϲɴһͷʱߣͷȻװ˼ʯ
Щ쵰ҹҶ챩ȵ
ʱԺڹΪ׵ʮ˺ƺƵҶǰڹһЦϺף磬Сף綫ٱɽ
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үүֺ
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һء
ݸá
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붴

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ɶҶҶ죿¥Ӻͱϼһﶼɫ䡣
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ǰ硣
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֪ˣ֪ˣٹһ¾͹ˣʱɡҶ˵ֱӸ˵绰
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ʦ

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